bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Taylorella equigenitalis in Icelandic intact males compared with other horse breeds using natural cover
Authors: Grabatin Markus , Fux Robert , Zablotski Yury , Goehring Lutz S. , Witte Tanja S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundContagious equine metritis (CEM) is caused by Taylorella equigenitalis. It is a venereal disease that is detected in some breeds more than others and can cause temporary infertility with substantial costs for regular testing, sanitation and retesting. There was a perceived increase in T. equigenitalis‐positive cases in Icelandic intact males where natural cover is common.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the prevalence of T. equigenitalis in Icelandic intact males and compare to draught horse and Haflinger intact males. We hypothesised that prevalence of T. equigenitalis is higher in Icelandic compared with draught and Haflinger intact males.Study designCross sectional.MethodsSwabs from 76 Icelandic, 35 Haflinger, and 51 draught horse intact males were collected on 38 different farms and analysed by qPCR. Animals were further stratified into active breeding and non‐breeding animals and age groups (1.5–7.0 and 8.0–26.0 years). Fisher's exact tests and mixed effect logistic regression with ‘farm’ as random effect were used to estimate differences in odds for T. equigenitalis‐positive test results.ResultsThe overall prevalence of T. equigenitalis in included intact males was 16.7% (27/162). The odds for T. equigenitalis‐positive intact males were significantly higher in Icelandic compared with draught and Haflinger intact males (Odds ratio [OR] = 6.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.43–28.8, p = 0.02). Odds for T. equigenitalis‐positive intact males were significantly lower in active breeding compared with non‐breeding animals (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.01–0.54, p = 0.009). Age had no significant influence on test results.Main limitationsConvenience sampling with regional restrictions to Southern Germany and Austria, small sample size.ConclusionsSignificantly higher odds for T. equigenitalis‐positive intact males were found within Icelandic over draught and Haflinger and within non‐breeding animals compared with active breeding animals. Findings suggest that non‐breeding animals could be a reservoir for T. equigenitalis. Testing for CEM should therefore be routinely performed in Icelandic horses prior to breeding and investigations into epidemiology and reservoirs on affected farms should be initiated.
Oral and oropharyngeal NUT carcinoma: a multicentre screening study of poorly differentiated oral cancer
Authors: Liang Zuoyu , Tang Yaling , Li Ci , Xie Gang , Chen Min , Zhou Ping , Li Mengqian , Wang Yan , Yu Xuejiao , Tang Yuan , Wang Jing , Bao Ji , Jiang Lili , Wang Weiya 
Published: June 2024

Background and aimsNuclear protein testis (NUT) carcinoma (NC) is a rare and highly aggressive tumour characterised by chromosomal rearrangement of the nuclear protein testis family member 1 (NUTM1) gene, also known as the NUT gene. NC occurs mainly in the head and neck, mediastinum and lung. In general, primary NC in the oral cavity is extremely rare and reported sporadically.MethodsA total of 111 formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded specimens of poorly differentiated oral and oropharyngeal tumours were collected from 10 hospitals. NUT protein IHC staining was performed on these samples, and fluorescence in‐situ hybridisation (FISH) and RNA sequencing detection were further carried out for NUT IHC‐positive cases.ResultsThe expression of NUT protein in tumour cells was detected in five cases (five of 111, 4.5%). The tumours in these cases were located in the oral floor, lip, base of the tongue, gingiva and hard palate. FISH detection results showed BRD4::NUT rearrangement in three patients and a non‐BRD4::NUT rearrangement pattern in two patients. RNA sequencing results confirmed BRD4::NUT rearrangement in two cases.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first and largest retrospective study of oral NC, and we found that NC is easily misdiagnosed as poorly differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) or poorly differentiated carcinoma. The morphology and immunophenotype of four NC cases were similar to SCC, and abrupt keratinisation was observed in three cases. Therefore, it is necessary to detect NUT protein for NC screening in oral malignant tumours with these morphologies, especially for young patients who are more likely to be misdiagnosed with other types of cancer.
Diandric triploid partial mole versus digynic nonmolar triploidy: is morphological assessment sufficient for the diagnostic distinction?
Authors: Nagy Agnes , Niu Na , Sun Tong , Buza Natalia , Hui Pei 
Published: June 2024

AimsDiagnostic separation of diandric triploid gestation, i.e. partial mole from digynic triploid gestation, is clinically relevant, as the former may progress to postmolar gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. The aim of the study was to investigate if the combination of abnormal histology combined with ploidy analysis‐based triploidy is sufficient to accurately diagnose partial mole.Methods and ResultsA genotype–phenotype correlation study was undertaken to reappraise histological parameters among 20 diandric triploid gestations and 22 digynic triploid gestations of comparable patient age, gestational weeks, and clinical presentations. Two villous populations, irregular villous contours, pseudoinclusions, and syncytiotrophoblast knuckles, were common in both groups. Villous size ≥2.5 mm, cistern formation, trophoblastic hyperplasia, and syncytiotrophoblast lacunae were significantly more common in the partial hydatidiform mole. Cistern formation had the highest positive predictive value (PPV) (93%) and highest specificity (96%) for diandric triploid gestation, although the sensitivity was 70%. Cistern formation combined with villous size ≥2.5 mm or trophoblast hyperplasia or syncytiotrophoblast lacunae had 100% specificity and PPV, but a marginal sensitivity of 60%–65%. A moderate interobserver agreement (Kappa = 0.57, Gwet's AC1 = 0.59) was achieved among four observers who assigned diagnosis of diandric triploid gestation or digynic triploidy solely based on histology.ConclusionsNone of histological parameters are unique to either diandric triploid gestation or digynic triploid gestation. Cistern formation is the most powerful discriminator, with 93% PPV and 70% sensitivity for diandric triploid gestation. While cistern formation combined with either trophoblastic hyperplasia or villous size ≥2.5 mm or syncytiotrophoblast lacunae has 100% PPV and specificity for diandric triploid gestation, the sensitivity is only 60% to 65%. Therefore, in the presence of triploidy, histological assessment is unable to precisely classify 35% to 40% of diandric triploid gestations or partial moles.
Prevalence of anal high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) types in people living with HIV and a history of cancer
Authors: Barquet‐Muñoz Salim A. , López‐Morales Roxana A. , Stier Elizabeth A. , Mejorada‐Pulido Emmanuel , Solís‐Ramírez Diego , Jay Naomi , Moctezuma Paulina , Morales‐Aguirre Mariel , García‐Carrancá Alejandro , Méndez‐Martínez Rocío , Martin‐Onraët Alexandra , Pérez‐Montiel Delia , Mendoza‐Palacios María José , Volkow Patricia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the prevalence of high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) types in the anal canal in a cohort of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) with a history of malignancy.SettingReferral tertiary care hospital for adult patients with cancer.MethodsWe reviewed data of patients from the AIDS Cancer Clinic on antiretroviral therapy in chronic control who were consecutively referred for high‐resolution anoscopy (HRA), where they underwent anal evaluation, collection of specimens for anal cytology and anal human papillomavirus (HPV) followed by HRA with directed biopsy if needed.ResultsA total of 155 patients were included; 149 (96.1%) were men, all of them men who have sex with men (MSM); the median age was 39 (IQR 32‐47) years; 105 (67.7%) with Kaposi sarcoma, 40 (25.8%) with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma and 10 (6.4%) with other neoplasms; only 7 (4.5%) had active cancer. The prevalence of HR‐HPV infection was 89% (n=138) (95% CI 83–93) with at least one HR‐HPV infection, and 62% (96) had coinfection with at least two types; the median HR‐HPV types of coinfection were 3 (IQR 2–4). The number of patients infected with HPV 16 was 64 (41.3%, 95% CI 33.8–49.3), HPV 18 was 74 (47.7%, 95% CI 39.9–55.7) and with both 35 (22.6%). Some 59 patients (38%) had high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and 49 (31.6%) had low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). The prevalence of HR‐HPV and HSIL among patients aged ≤35 and >35 years was the same.ConclusionsIn this cohort of PLWHIV with a history of malignancy we found a high prevalence of HR‐HPV 16 and 18 and anal HSIL, even in persons aged ≤35 years. These data highlight the importance of anal cancer screening in PLWHIV and history of malignancy.
Inflammatory microenvironment of moderate pulpitis enhances the osteo‐/odontogenic potential of dental pulp stem cells by autophagy
Authors: Yu Si , Liu Xue‐Mei , Liu Yao , Tang Lu , Lei Shuang , Geng Chang , Yuan Zhengwei , Chen Xu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThis study investigated the effects of the inflammatory microenvironment of moderate pulpitis on biological properties of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and further explored the mechanism involved in osteo‐/odontogenic induction of the inflammatory microenvironment.MethodologyHealthy DPSCs (hDPSCs) and inflammatory DPSCs (iDPSCs) were isolated from human‐impacted third molars free of caries and clinically diagnosed with moderate pulpitis, respectively. Healthy DPSCs were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) to mimic iDPSCs in vitro. The surface markers expressed on hDPSCs and iDPSCs were detected by flow cytometry. A CCK‐8 assay was performed to determine cell proliferation. Flow cytometric analysis was used to evaluate cell apoptosis. The osteo‐/odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs was evaluated by western blot, alkaline phosphatase staining, and Alizarin Red S staining. The functions of the genes of differentially expressed mRNAs of hDPSCs and iDPSCs were analysed using gene set enrichment analysis. Transmission electron microscopy and western blot were used to evaluate the autophagy changes of LPS‐treated DPSCs.ResultsCompared with hDPSCs, iDPSCs showed no significant difference in proliferative capacity but had stronger osteo‐/odontogenic potential. In addition, the mRNAs differentially expressed between iDPSCs and hDPSCs were considerably enriched in autophagosome formation and assembly‐related molecules. In vitro mechanism studies further found that low concentrations of LPS could upregulate DPSC autophagy‐related protein expression and autophagosome formation and promote its odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation, whereas the inhibition of DPSC autophagy led to the weakening of the odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation induced by LPS.ConclusionsThis explorative study showed that DPSCs isolated from teeth with moderate pulpitis possessed higher osteo‐/odontogenic differentiation capacity, and the mechanism involved was related to the inflammatory microenvironment‐mediated autophagy of DPSCs. This helps to better understand the repair potential of inflamed dental pulp and provides the biological basis for pulp preservation and hard tissue formation in minimally invasive endodontics.
The effect of music therapy on non‐stress test results and anxiety levels in high‐risk pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: E. Aksoy Yasemin , D. Yilmaz Sema , Kiliç Süreyya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to determine the effects of music therapy on non‐stress test results and anxiety levels in high‐risk pregnant women.MethodsThis randomized controlled study was conducted in pregnant women who were hospitalized in the High‐Risk Pregnancy Service of Meram Medical Faculty Hospital, Konya, Turkey, between April 1 and July 31, 2021. In the intervention group (n = 58), a 20‐min music therapy with ney sounds was performed, while in the control group (n = 58), routine care practices were applied. Hüseyni maqam of ney was selected, a melodic mode used by Turks for music therapy. Data were collected using the Descriptive Information Form, the Non‐Stress Test Evaluation Form, and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory.ResultsAfter music therapy, the intervention group experienced increased mean acceleration (p = 0.010) and foetal movement rates (p < 0.001) while no such difference was observed in the control group. The state anxiety levels of pregnant women differed significantly between the intervention and control groups (p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that music therapy reduced state anxiety levels in pregnant women by a factor of 4.6 (p < 0.001).ConclusionBased on the findings, music therapy was found to enhance acceleration and foetal heart rate in high‐risk pregnant women while reducing state anxiety levels.
Association of Symptoms and Viral Culture Positivity for SARS‐CoV‐2—Tennessee, April–July 2020
Authors: Biddle Jessica E. , Bonenfant Gaston , Grijalva Carlos G. , Zhu Yuwei , Halasa Natasha B. , Chappell James D. , Mellis Alexandra , Reed Carrie , Talbot H. Keipp , Zhou Bin , Rolfes Melissa A. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundUnderstanding how symptoms are associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 culture positivity is important for isolation and transmission control guidelines.MethodsIndividuals acutely infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 in Tennessee and their household contacts were recruited into a prospective study. All participants self‐collected nasal swabs daily for 14 days and completed symptom diaries from the day of illness onset through day 14 postenrollment. Nasal specimens were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 using RT‐qPCR. Positive specimens with cycle threshold values < 40 were sent to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for viral culture. First, we modeled the association between symptoms and the risk of culture positivity using an age‐adjusted generalized additive model (GAM) accounting for repeated measurements within participants and a symptom‐day spline. Next, we investigated how timing of symptom resolution was associated with the timing of culture resolution.ResultsIn a GAM restricted to follow‐up days after symptoms began, the odds of a specimen being culture positive was significantly increased on days when wheezing, loss of taste or smell, runny nose, nasal congestion, sore throat, fever, or any symptom were reported. For all symptoms except sore throat, it was more common for participants to have culture resolution before symptom resolution than for culture to resolve after or on the same day as symptom resolution.ConclusionsOverall, symptomatic individuals were more likely to be SARS‐CoV‐2 viral culture positive. For most symptoms, culture positivity was more likely to end before symptoms resolved. However, a proportion of individuals remained culture positive after symptom resolved, across all symptoms.
The association of dietary indices for hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance with the risk of metabolic syndrome: a population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Seifi Najmeh , Bahari Hossein , Foroumandi Elaheh , Hasanpour Elahe , Nikoumanesh Mahya , Ferns Gordon A. , Esmaily Habibollah , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the association between an empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH), empirical dietary index for insulin resistance (EDIR), and MetS and its components in an adult Iranian population. In this cross‐sectional study, a total of 6482 participants aged 35–65 years were recruited as part of the MASHAD cohort study. Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria were used to define MetS. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to determine the association between EDIH, EDIR, and MetS and its components.The mean age and BMI of participants were 48.44±8.20 years, and 27.98±4.73 kg/m2, respectively. Around 59% of the population was female. Of the total population, 35.4% had MetS. According to the full‐adjusted model, there was no significant association between higher quartiles of EDIH and EDIR and odds of MetS (Q4 EDIH; OR (95%CI):0.93 (0.74‐1.18), Q4 EDIR; OR (95%CI):1.14 (0.92‐1.40). Regarding MetS components, EDIR was associated with increased odds of hypertension and diabetes (Q4 EDIR; OR (95%CI):1.22 (1.04‐1.44) and 1.22 (1.01‐1.47), respectively). EDIH was also associated with decreased odds of hypertriglyceridemia (Q4 EDIH; OR (95%CI): 0.72 (0.60‐0.87)). This study showed no significant association between hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance potential of diet and odds of MetS among Iranian adults. However, EDIR was significantly associated with increased odds of hypertension and diabetes as MetS components.
Antihypertensive effect of esaxerenone and correlation between brachial and wrist home monitoring devices in patients with nocturnal hypertension: A post hoc analysis of the EARLY‐NH study
Authors: Kario Kazuomi , Shiosakai Kazuhito , Taguchi Takashi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAdequate management of nocturnal hypertension is crucial to reduce the risk of organ damage and cardiovascular events. The EARLY‐NH study was a prospective, open‐label, multicenter study conducted in Japanese patients with nocturnal hypertension who received esaxerenone treatment for 12 weeks. This post hoc analysis aimed to assess (1) the relationship between changes in morning home systolic blood pressure (SBP), bedtime home SBP, and nighttime home SBP based on changes in SBP and achievement rates of target SBP levels; and (2) the correlation between nighttime home SBP measurements using brachial and wrist home BP monitoring (HBPM) devices. This analysis evaluated 82 patients who completed the 12‐week treatment period. Among those who achieved target morning home SBP (<135 mmHg) and target bedtime home SBP (<135 mmHg), the brachial HBPM device showed achievement rates of 63.6% and 56.4%, respectively, for target nighttime home SBP (<120 mmHg). The wrist device showed achievement rates of 66.7% and 63.4%, respectively, for the same targets. Significant correlations were observed between both devices for nighttime home SBP measurements at baseline (r = 0.790), Week 12 (r = 0.641), and change from baseline to Week 12 (r = 0.533) (all, p < .001). In this patient population, approximately 60% of individuals who reached target morning or bedtime home SBP levels <135 mmHg exhibited well‐controlled nighttime home SBP. Although nighttime home SBP measurements obtained using both brachial and wrist HBPM devices displayed a significant correlation, the wrist device needs to be examined in more detail for clinical use.
MCM8 promotes lung cancer progression through upregulating DNAJC10
Authors: Cao Lei , Liu Hongsheng , Han Zhijun , Huang Cheng , Guo Chao , Zhao Luo , Gao Chao , Xu Yuan , Wang Guige , Feng Zhe , Li Shanqing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMCM8 is a helicase, which participates in DNA replication and tumorigenesis and is upregulated in many human cancers, including lung cancer (LC); however, the function of MCM8 in LC tumour progression is unclear. In this study, we found that MCM8 was expressed at high levels in LC cells and tissues. Further, MCM8 upregulation was associated with advanced tumour grade and lymph node metastasis, and indicated poor prognosis. Silencing of MCM8 suppressed cell growth and migration in vitro and in vivo, while ectopic MCM8 expression promoted cell cycle progression, as well as cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Mechanistically, DNAJC10 was identified as a downstream target of MCM8, using gene array and CO‐IP assays. DNAJC10 overexpression combatted the inhibitory activity of MCM8 knockdown on LC progression, while silencing DNAJC10 alleviated the oncogenic function of MCM8 overexpression. MCM8 expression was positively correlated with that of DNAJC10 in LC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and DNAJC10 upregulation was also associated with poor overall survival of patients with LC. This study indicated that MCM8/DNAJC10 axis plays an important role in in LC development, and maybe as a new potential therapeutic target or a diagnostic biomarker for treating patients with LC.
Validity and reliability of the Yonsei lifestyle profile‐active, balance, connection, diversity
Authors: Lim Young‐Myoung , Kim Ah‐Ram , Nam Sanghun , Park Ji‐Hyuk 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionLifestyle, defined as a way of living resulting from an individual's deliberate choices, is a crucial factor in improving and maintaining health. Consequently, the measurement and analysis of lifestyle are of significant importance. This study aims to validate the validity and reliability of the Yonsei Lifestyle Profile‐Active, Balance, Connection, Diversity (YLP‐ABCD) in measuring health‐related lifestyles.MethodsData were collected from 300 participants aged 55 and older using the YLP‐ABCD. To analyse the validity and reliability of the YLP‐ABCD, analysed using frequency, descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, and Rasch model analysis.ResultsThe results indicate that the YLP‐ABCD, which consists of 35 items, demonstrates unidimensionality and local independence. The Rasch model confirmed the suitability of the 5‐point Likert scale for the factors, excluding subfactors Balanced and Unbalanced. The item fit criteria (0.5 < MNSQ < 1.5) were met for all items. The distribution of the respondents’ abilities suggests the need for additional items to measure their ability levels. Both the item and respondent separation indices and their reliabilities were satisfactory.ConclusionThis study confirmed the utility of the YLP‐ABCD as a valuable tool for measuring and understanding the multifaceted diversity of lifestyles. Therefore, by utilising YLP‐ABCD to quantitatively measure health lifestyles, we anticipate contributing to improvements in human health and quality of life.
Improving clinical abbreviation sense disambiguation using attention‐based Bi‐LSTM and hybrid balancing techniques in imbalanced datasets
Authors: Hosseini Manda , Rasekh Amir Hossein , Keshavarzi Amin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRationaleClinical abbreviations pose a challenge for clinical decision support systems due to their ambiguity. Additionally, clinical datasets often suffer from class imbalance, hindering the classification of such data. This imbalance leads to classifiers with low accuracy and high error rates. Traditional feature‐engineered models struggle with this task, and class imbalance is a known factor that reduces the performance of neural network techniques.Aims and ObjectivesThis study proposes an attention‐based bidirectional long short‐term memory (Bi‐LSTM) model to improve clinical abbreviation disambiguation in clinical documents. We aim to address the challenges of limited training data and class imbalance by employing data generation techniques like reverse substitution and data augmentation with synonym substitution.MethodWe utilise a Bi‐LSTM classification model with an attention mechanism to disambiguate each abbreviation. The model's performance is evaluated based on accuracy for each abbreviation. To address the limitations of imbalanced data, we employ data generation techniques to create a more balanced dataset.ResultsThe evaluation results demonstrate that our data balancing technique significantly improves the model's accuracy by 2.08%. Furthermore, the proposed attention‐based Bi‐LSTM model achieves an accuracy of 96.09% on the UMN dataset, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art results.ConclusionDeep neural network methods, particularly Bi‐LSTM, offer promising alternatives to traditional feature‐engineered models for clinical abbreviation disambiguation. By employing data generation techniques, we can address the challenges posed by limited‐resource and imbalanced clinical datasets. This approach leads to a significant improvement in model accuracy for clinical abbreviation disambiguation tasks.