bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early brain MRI changes following transvenous embolization of cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas in spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: Cagnazzo Federico , Le bars Emmanuelle , Risi Gaetano , Lonjon Nicolas , van Dokkum Liesjet E H , Corti Lucas , Costalat Vincent , Ducros Anne 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo evaluate early and mid-term imaging and clinical outcomes following transvenous embolization of cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CSFVFs) in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH).MethodsFrom November 2022 to November 2024, 60 consecutive patients with SIH and confirmed CSFVF underwent transvenous embolization using Onyx. Of these, 40 patients underwent brain MRI pre-treatment, 24 hours post-treatment, and at a 3-month follow-up. The primary outcome was regression of brain MRI abnormalities at 24 hours and 3 months. Secondary outcomes included rates of symptom improvement, predictors of clinical improvement, and complication rates.ResultsThe mean patient age was 61 years, and 65% were female. All procedures were technically successful. The median SIH score significantly decreased from 6 pre-treatment to 3.5 at 24 hours (P=0.01) and to 2 at 3 months (P=0.004). Early improvement in SIH score correlated with clinical improvement at 24 hours (P=0.002), which was observed in 77.5% of patients. Pachymeningeal enhancement (87.5%) and venous sinus engorgement (75%) were the most common MRI abnormalities. Both findings regressed in approximately 50% of patients at 24 hours and in 80% of patients at 3 months. At 3 months, 82.5% of patients achieved complete clinical recovery. Rebound post-treatment headaches occurred in 32.5% of patients but resolved within 7 days. The morbidity rate was 0%.ConclusionsTransvenous embolization of CSFVFs results in early and sustained clinical and imaging improvements in patients with SIH. These findings support the efficacy of this intervention as a primary treatment for CSFVFs.
A Devotee of Abraham ibn Ezra Reads Rashi
Authors: Lawee Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While there is increased interest in the supercommentary tradition that came to surround Abraham ibn Ezra’s Torah commentary, Oṣar Neḥmad by Moses ben Jacob of Kiev (1448–1520), an unusually comprehensive entry in this field, remains mostly terra incognita. This article explores interactions in Moses’s pages with the commentator often seen as Ibn Ezra’s Ashkenazic counterpoint, Rashi. Patterns include Moses’s designation of Rashi as the unnamed negative stimulus spurring Ibn Ezra’s comments and appeals to him as a purveyor of correct interpretation of biblical law when Ibn Ezra has lapsed on this score. Further study of Moses should spark insight into the Ibn Ezra supercommentary tradition and the receptions of Rashi’s biblical scholarship in the East. It will also throw light on broader topics, including early phases of Rabbanite-Qaraite communion and dispute in Eastern Europe and Crimea, and the interplay of science and Kabbalah in late medieval times.
The dose-response relationship and gender differences of serum uric acid with total cholesterol: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Guo Leilei , Cai Lina , Hu Li , Zhou Yueshan 
Published: February 2025

Objective To explore the dose-response relationship and gender differences between serum uric acid (SUA) and total cholesterol (TC) in Chinese individuals. Methods This cross-sectional study included secondary data of Chinese adults, collected between 2010 and 2018. The exposure variable was SUA, the outcome variable was TC, and participants were split into five quantiles by SUA levels (Q1 [men, ≤283; women, ≤223] to Q5 [men, ≥416; women, ≥332]). Covariates included age, gender, laboratory and examination information. Multivariable linear regression and subgroup analysis were performed to examine the independent association between SUA and TC. Smooth curve fitting and threshold effect analysis was employed to assess potential non-linear relationships. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the robustness of the findings. Results The analysis included 6119 participants, of whom, 4078 (66.6%) were female, with a mean age of 63.7 years. After adjusting for potential confounders, SUA showed a significant association with TC in both men (β = 0.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05, 0.14) and women (β = 0.13; 95% CI 0.10, 0.17). The Q5 group exhibited higher TC levels than the Q1 group in both men (β = 0.26; 95% CI 0.16, 0.37) and women (β = 0.25, 95% CI 0.17, 0.32). In women, there was an inverted L-shaped relationship between SUA and TC with an inflection point at 359.962 μmol/L, whereas a linear relationship was exhibited in men. Subgroup analysis showed no significant interactions in men. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings. Conclusions Significant sex differences and dose-response relationships exist between SUA and TC in the Chinese population. The study may provide new insights into cholesterol management.
Material hardship, forced displacement, and negative health outcomes among unhoused people who use drugs in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado: a latent class analysis
Authors: Goldshear Jesse Lloyd , Ganesh Siddhi S. , Borquez Annick , Gelberg Lillian , Corsi Karen F. , Bluthenthal Ricky N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Homelessness is a growing concern in the United States, especially among people who use drugs (PWUD). The degree of material hardship among this population may be linked to worse health outcomes. PWUD experiencing homelessness in urban areas are increasingly subjected to policies and social treatment, such as forced displacement, which may worsen material hardship. It is critical to describe hardship among PWUD and examine if it is linked to health outcomes.

Methods
Data were collected as part of a prospective cohort study of PWUD in Los Angeles, California and Denver, Colorado (n = 476). Analysis sample size was smaller (N = 395) after selecting for people experiencing homelessness and for whom data were complete. Five indicators assessing hardship (difficulty finding food, clothing, restrooms, places to wash/shower, and shelter) in the past three months were obtained from participants at baseline and were used in latent class analysis (LCA). We chose a base latent class model after examination of global fit statistics. We then built three auxiliary models using the three-step Bolck–Croon–Hagenaars (BCH) method to test the relationship of latent class membership to several hypothesized social and health variables in this same three month time period.

Results
Fit statistics, minimum classification probabilities, and ease of interpretation indicated a three-class solution for level of material difficulty. We termed these classes “High Difficulty” (n = 82), “Mixed Difficulty” (n = 215), and “Low Difficulty” (n = 98). Average classification probabilities indicated good class separability. “High Difficulty” participants had high probabilities of usually having difficulty accessing all five resources. “Mixed Difficulty” participants indicated a range of difficulty accessing all resources, with restrooms and bathing facilities being the most difficult. “Low Difficulty” participants were defined by high probabilities of never having access difficulty. In auxiliary analyses, there were significant (p < 0.05) differences in experiences of displacement, opioid withdrawal symptoms, nonfatal overdose, and violent victimization between classes.

Conclusions
This LCA indicates that among PWUD experiencing homelessness there exist distinct differences in resource access and material hardship, and that these differences are linked with political, social, substance use, and other health outcomes. We add to the literature on the relationship between poverty and health among PWUD. Policies which increase difficulty accessing necessary material resources may negatively impact health in this population.
Pelvic pain & endometriosis: the development of a patient-centred e-health resource for those affected by endometriosis-associated dyspareunia
Authors: Parmar Gurkiran , Howard A. Fuchsia , Noga Heather , Tannock Leah , Abdulai Abdul-Fatawu , Allaire Catherine , Lett Sarah , Sutherland Jessica , de Arbina Edurne Lopez , Hummelshoj Lone , Bridge-Cook Phillipa , Yong Paul J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
We recognized a paucity of accessible, evidence-based, empowering patient-centred resources for those with endometriosis-associated dyspareunia. Affecting more than 50% of people with endometriosis, dyspareunia can significantly impact relationships, chronic pain and the ability to have a family. We aimed to develop a patient-centred educational website for those affected by endometriosis-associated dyspareunia.

Methods
To develop a functional and meaningful website for endometriosis-associated dyspareunia, we utilized a Knowledge to Action framework, supplemented with a patient-centred research design and technology-enabled knowledge translation. Our patient partners influenced the direction and scope of the project, provided critical feedback throughout the development process, and approved website revisions prior to launch. The website was developed in five phases; (1) needs assessment interviews and focus groups with key stakeholders, (2) landscape analysis of pre-existing websites, (3) development, (4) usability testing and qualitative interviews, and (5) revisions and launch.

Results
Phase 1 and 2 emphasized a need for comprehensive yet plain language explanations of pain mechanisms and strategies for pain management. Rigorous consultation with key stakeholders informed the creation of the preliminary website in phase 3. Usability testing in phase 4 identified five main categories of usability problems, most of which were considered minor. Phase 4 qualitative interviews identified users’ overall impressions of the preliminary website, including that the website could help people understand their pain and describe their pain to partners and healthcare providers, as well as feel empowered to seek healthcare and validated in their experiences. User suggestions, combined with usability testing, informed revisions in phase 5.

Conclusion
We developed an educational website for endometriosis-associated painful sex where people can find evidence-based etiologies for pain, pain management options, and actionable resources. Based on the data collected through qualitative interviews with patients, this website can potentially empower people to seek health care. The strength of the website development approach used was the inclusion of qualitative user insights in addition to the commonly completed user tests. The patient interviews provided insights into the potential impact of the website and, thus, ensured that we not only created a functional website that meets end users’ needs, but a website that is also meaningful to those affected by this condition.
"We need time, a great know-how and security for patients to always be there in time”: a qualitative study on factors distinguishing General from Specialized Palliative Home Care
Authors: Joshi Melanie , Dillen Kim , Krumm Norbert , Hesse Michaela , Brunsch Holger , Strupp Julia , Radbruch Lukas , Rolke Roman , Voltz Raymond ,   on behalf of the APVEL Consortium, Pfaff Holger , Scholten Nadine , Hellmich Martin , Rietz Christian , Meyer Ingo , Fink Robin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
An increasing number of patients in the palliative phase of their disease are cared for at home by palliative home care services. A sense of security, normality of everyday life and symptom control are found to be active factors of quality of care in Specialized Palliative Home Care. Whether this also applies to General Palliative Home Care has not yet been systematically investigated. The aim of this study was to identify distinctions between General and Specialized Palliative Home Care from a healthcare professional’s perspective concerning those factors.

Methods
With a qualitative approach, we conducted 11 semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals from different professional backgrounds in General and/or Specialized Palliative Home Care.

Results
In both General and Specialized Palliative Home Care, healthcare-professionals (HCP) found a sense of security (through availability) to be most relevant for the patients. The majority saw aspects of normality of everyday life as a key component for high-quality palliative home care, especially having time for the patient and the family caregiver(s). However, statements about symptom control are mainly related to Specialized Palliative Home Care. The subcodes availability, having time and competence, symptom burden and financial resources were the main distinguishing factors between General and Specialized Palliative Home Care in sense of security, normality of everyday life and symptom control, respectively.

Conclusions
Our results provide the basis for a clearer definition of GPHC and SPHC and contribute to identifying factors for a transferal between the two services to provide best care for the patient. Distinguishing (sub)factors revealed challenges and short-term solutions. Providing (financial) incentives to guarantee time and availability in General Palliative Home Care would lead to more effective care.
Health Alliances: a new way of working internationally
Authors: Allen Omolade , Ewusie Ketsina , Waghorne Amy , Byrne Ged , Byrne-Davis Lucie , Hart Jo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
International collaborations have been pivotal in global health delivery, particularly in addressing challenges like tuberculosis. Recently, there has been a shift towards more focused alliances designed for targeted collaboration. This study examines health alliances as a distinct model of international partnership in global health, exploring their operational approaches, key activities, encountered challenges, and potential contributions.

Methods
A qualitative approach was utilised, in which ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with individuals involved in various health alliances. These were transcribed, anonymised, and analysed to identify common themes.

Results
Four main themes were generated, revealing that health alliances operate through collaborative efforts pooled from diverse stakeholders, including governments, and academic institutions. Serving as platforms for open communication, these alliances facilitate the exchange of expertise, resources, and best practices.
The study highlights key activities undertaken by health alliances, including research, capacity building, policy engagement, and resource mobilisation. These activities strengthen health systems, generate new knowledge, and mobilise financial and technical resources.

Conclusion
This research demonstrates the potential of health alliances as effective models for future collaborations in global health. By addressing the challenges of fragmentation, lack of coordination, and limited focus on capacity building and evaluation, health alliances enhance the impact of global health initiatives. The findings contribute to a better understanding of health alliances and could inform the development of future alliances.
HIF1α controls steroidogenesis under acute hypoxic stress
Authors: Ariyeloye Stephen , Watts Deepika , Jaykar Mangesh T. , Ermis Cagdas , Krüger Anja , Kaden Denise , Stepien Barbara K. , Alexaki Vasileia Ismini , Peitzsch Mirko , Bechmann Nicole , Mirtschink Peter , El-Armouche Ali , Wielockx Ben 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Hypoxia is a critical physiological and pathological condition known to influence various cellular processes, including steroidogenesis. While previous studies, including our own, have highlighted the regulatory effects of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1α (HIF1α) on steroid production, the specific molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study investigates the role of hypoxia and HIF1α in steroid biosynthesis across multiple experimental models during acute exposure to low oxygen levels.

Methods
To assess the extent to which acute hypoxia modulates steroidogenesis, we employed several approaches, including the Y1 adrenocortical cell line, and a conditional HIF1α-deficient mouse line in the adrenal cortex. We focused on various regulatory patterns that may critically suppress steroidogenesis.

Results
In Y1 cells, hypoxia upregulated specific microRNAs in a HIF1α-dependent manner, resulting in the suppression of mRNA levels of critical steroidogenic enzymes and a subsequent reduction in steroid hormone production. The hypoxia/HIF1α-dependent induction of these microRNAs and the consequent modulation of steroid production were confirmed in vivo. Notably, using our adrenocortical-specific HIF1α-deficient mouse line, we demonstrated that the increase in miRNA expression in vivo is also directly HIF1α-dependent, while the regulation of steroidogenic enzymes (e.g., StAR and Cyp11a1) and steroid production occurs at the level of protein translation, revealing an unexpected layer of control under hypoxic/HIF1 α conditions in vivo.

Conclusions
These findings elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying acute hypoxia/HIF1α-induced changes in steroid biosynthesis and may also be useful in developing new strategies for various steroid hormone pathologies.
Copper-enriched automotive brake wear particles perturb human alveolar cellular homeostasis
Authors: Parkin James G. H. , Dean Lareb S. N. , Bell Joseph A. , Easton Natasha H. C. , Edgeway Liam J. , Cooper Matthew J. , Ridley Robert , Conforti Franco , Wang Siyuan , Yao Liudi , Li Juanjuan , Raj Helen Vethakan , Downward Julian , Gerlofs-Nijland Miriam , Cassee Flemming R. , Wang Yihua , Cook Richard B. , Jones Mark G. , Davies Donna E. , Loxham Matthew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Airborne fine particulate matter with diameter < 2.5 μm (PM2.5), can reach the alveolar regions of the lungs, and is associated with over 4 million premature deaths per year worldwide. However, the source-specific consequences of PM2.5 exposure remain poorly understood. A major, but unregulated source is car brake wear, which exhaust emission reduction measures have not diminished.

Methods
We used an interdisciplinary approach to investigate the consequences of brake-wear PM2.5 exposure upon lung alveolar cellular homeostasis using diesel exhaust PM as a comparator. This involved RNA-Seq to analyse global transcriptomic changes, metabolic analyses to investigate glycolytic reprogramming, mass spectrometry to determine PM composition, and reporter assays to provide mechanistic insight into differential effects.

Results
We identified brake-wear PM from copper-enriched non-asbestos organic, and ceramic brake pads as inducing the greatest oxidative stress, inflammation, and pseudohypoxic HIF activation (a pathway implicated in diseases associated with air pollution exposure, including cancer, and pulmonary fibrosis), as well as perturbation of metabolism, and metal homeostasis compared with brake wear PM from low- or semi-metallic pads, and also, importantly, diesel exhaust PM. Compositional and metal chelator analyses identified that differential effects were driven by copper.

Conclusions
We demonstrate here that brake-wear PM may perturb cellular homeostasis more than diesel exhaust PM. Our findings demonstrate the potential differences in effects, not only for non-exhaust vs exhaust PM, but also amongst different sources of non-exhaust PM. This has implications for our understanding of the potential health effects of road vehicle-associated PM. More broadly, our findings illustrate the importance of PM composition on potential health effects, highlighting the need for targeted legislation to protect public health.
How does a preference-based generic health-related quality of life measure perform in patients with a rare disease? Measurement properties of the EQ-5D-Y proxy version among underage patients with neurofibromatosis type 1
Authors: Liang Wanxian , Cao Shihuan , Suo Yusi , Zhang Lining , Yang Lujia , Wang Hanfei , Wang Han , Jin Xuejing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
EQ-5D-Y is a pediatric preference-based health-related quality of life (HRQL) measure that is recommended in health economic evaluation according to China’s guidelines. However, there is limited evidence regarding how the EQ-5D-Y perform in patients with rare diseases in the country. Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare disease that affects the growth and development of underage patients. This study aimed to examine the performance of EQ-5D-Y proxy version among underage NF1 patients in China.

Methods
Data from a nationwide cross-sectional survey from Nov 2022 to Jan 2023 was used. A total of 154 caregivers for underage NF1 patients who completed the EQ-5D-Y proxy version, PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales (PedsQL GCS) proxy version, and Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-22) were included. The performance of the EQ-5D-Y was assessed by response pattern (ceiling and floor effects), convergent validity against the PedsQL GCS, known-groups validity, and Shannon (H’) and Shannon evenness (J’) indices.

Result
Data from 154 caregivers were analyzed. The mean age of caregivers was 38.23 (6.02) years, and 78.57% of them were mothers of NF1 patients. The mean age of NF1 patients was 8.38 (3.34) years, with 51.30% being females. The ceiling effect of EQ-5D-Y was 30.52%, and floor effect was 0%. Moderate to strong correlations were found between EQ-5D-Y and PedsQL GCS dimensions that share similar constructs (rho − 0.42 to -0.60, all p values < 0.001). The hypotheses of known-groups defined by different PedsQL GCS and ZBI scores were validated. The EQ-5D-Y exhibited the strongest informativity and discriminatory power of the “feeling worried, sad or unhappy” dimension and weakest for the “mobility” dimension (H’(mobility) = 0.60, J’(mobility) = 0.38; H’(feeling worried, sad or unhappy) = 1.23, J’(feeling worried, sad or unhappy) = 0.78).

Conclusions
EQ-5D-Y is acceptable for measuring HRQL of underage NF1 patients in China. More evidence for using EQ-5D-Y in rare diseases is awaited.