bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Acquisition and Availability in the Mitochondria
Authors: Atkinson Aaron , Winge Dennis R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Intracellular Ca2+‐ and Mn2+‐Transport ATPases
Authors: Vangheluwe Peter , Sepulveda M. Rosario , Missiaen Ludwig , Raeymaekers Luc , Wuytack Frank , Vanoevelen Jo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Biology of Copper Trafficking
Authors: Boal Amie K. , Rosenzweig Amy C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Comparative Genomics of Trace Elements: Emerging Dynamic View of Trace Element Utilization and Function
Authors: Zhang Yan , Gladyshev Vadim N. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Classification of Structural Motifs in Porphyrinic Coordination Polymers Assembled from Porphyrin Building Units: 5,10,15,20‐Tetrapyridylporphyrin and Its Derivatives
Authors: DeVries Lucas D. , Choe Wonyoung 
Published: January 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Treatment of small‐cell lung cancer in elderly patients
Authors: Pallis Athanasios G. , Shepherd Frances A. , Lacombe Denis , Gridelli Cesare 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSmall‐cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 15% to 20% of all lung carcinomas. Approximately 30% to 40% of these cases are diagnosed in patients older than 70 years of age. Staging of SCLC classifies patients as having either limited or extensive‐stage disease. The standard treatment for limited‐stage disease is platinum‐based chemotherapy, combined with external‐beam thoracic radiotherapy, whereas platinum‐based regimens alone represent the standard of care for extensive‐stage disease. In the elderly population, treatment of SCLC is more challenging given the decline in physiological organ reserve and the presence of comorbidities. The majority of data are drawn from retrospective studies, which are likely to suffer from selection bias. However, limited prospective data are available to guide treatment decisions in that special population. Nonetheless, these data demonstrate that standard approaches are feasible in carefully selected elderly patients. The purpose of this article is to review the currently available evidence on treatment of SCLC in patients older than 65‐70 years of age. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of primary systemic therapy with doxorubicin and docetaxel followed by surgery, radiotherapy, and adjuvant chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐fluorouracil based on clinical and pathologic response in patients with stage IIB to III breast cancer
Authors: Alvarez Ricardo H. , Booser Daniel J. , Cristofanilli Massimo , Sahin Aysegul A. , Strom Eric A. , Guerra Laura , Kau Shu‐Wan , Gonzalez‐Angulo Ana M. , Hortobagyi Gabriel N. , Valero Vicente 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:This study was performed to evaluate the outcomes of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) who were treated with a multidisciplinary approach including primary systemic chemotherapy and noncross‐resistant adjuvant chemotherapy.METHODS:Patients with LABC received 4 or 6 cycles of doxorubicin and docetaxel (DT) as primary systemic chemotherapy (PST) every 21 days. Patients with adequate response underwent surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy according to pathologic response: complete (pCR), 2 more cycles of DT; partial (pPR), 2 more cycles of DT followed by 6 cycles of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) (CMF); and minor (pMR), 6 cycles of CMF. Patients then received radiation and tamoxifen (hormone receptor‐positive patients only).RESULTS:Eighty‐eight patients were evaluable. Seventy‐four patients had an adequate response to DT and were considered operable, and 72 underwent surgery. Ten patients (13.9%) achieved a pCR, 22 (30.5%) achieved a pPR, and 40 achieved a pMR (55.5%). Fourteen patients were considered nonoperable after DT and underwent salvage CMF therapy. Five of these patients underwent surgery and 1 had achieved a pCR. The estimated 5‐year recurrence‐free survival (RFS) rates for patients with pCR, pPR, and pMR were 80%, 77%, and 59%, respectively, and the estimated 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates were 90%, 91%, and 74%, respectively. The 5‐year OS rates were 82% for initially operable and 21% for initially inoperable patients (P ≤ .001)CONCLUSIONS:Multidisciplinary therapy that includes PST with DT and adjuvant therapy with CMF administered according to the clinical and pathologic response is associated with high long‐term RFS and OS rates in patients with LABC. Clinical or pathologic PR or CR to DT predicts improved RFS and OS. Cancer 2010. Published 2010 by the American Cancer Society.
Interfacial Molecular Assemblies of Metalloporphyrins with Two Trans or One Axial Ligands
Authors: Yao Pingping , Qiu Yunfeng , Chen Penglei , Ma Yanping , He Shenggui , Zheng Jian‐Yu , Liu Minghua 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMolecular assemblies of metalloporphyrins trans‐dichloro(5,10,15,20‐tetra‐p‐tolylporphyrinato)tin(IV) (SnCl2TPPMe) and trans‐dihydroxo(5,10,15,20‐tetra‐p‐tolylporphyrinato)tin(IV) (Sn(OH)2TPPMe), which have two trans axial ligands, as well 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐21H,23H‐porphine iron(III) chloride (FeClTPPOMe) and 5,10,15,20‐tetraphenyl‐21H,23H‐porphine manganese(III) chloride (MnClTPP), which have one axial ligand, are interfacially organized by Langmuir and Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) techniques. SnCl2TPPMe and Sn(OH)2TPPMe form nanofibrous structures which can display distinct supramolecular chirality, although the molecular units themselves are achiral, while FeClTPPOMe and MnClTPP form irregular nanoparticles that display negligible supramolecular chirality. An interpretation in terms of the effects of the axial ligands is proposed for this interesting phenomenon. Moreover, compared with assemblies of the diprotonated free‐base porphyrins, which are fabricated by interfacial (air/2.4 M HCl) organization of free‐base porphyrin, those of SnCl2TPPMe and Sn(OH)2TPPMe display higher stability in terms of supramolecular chirality. These results indicate that the assembly properties of metalloporphyrins can essentially be affected by the axial ligands that are attached to their chromophores, and that stable chiral porphyrin supramolecular associations can be easily produced by using achiral metalloporphyrins bearing two trans axial ligands.
A Changed Electrode Reaction Mechanism between the Nano‐ and Macroscales
Authors: Campbell Fallyn W. , Belding Stephen R. , Compton Richard G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractElectrode kinetic data for the electro‐reduction of 4‐nitrophenol in aqueous solution are compared for bulk silver macro‐electrodes and arrays of silver nanoparticles of size 15–50 nm. The electrode kinetics and mechanism change qualitatively and quantitatively.
Efficient and Selective Dehydration of Fructose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural Catalyzed by Brønsted‐Acidic Ionic Liquids
Authors: Tong Xinli , Li Yongdan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe dehydration of D‐fructose and glucose has been studied with acidic ionic liquids as catalysts. A series of Brønsted‐acidic ionic liquids has been synthesized and tested in the dehydration of D‐fructose. The results showed that N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidonium methyl sulfonate [NMP]+[CH3SO3]− and N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidonium hydrogen sulfate [NMP]+[HSO4]− have high catalytic activity. Highly efficient and selective dehydration of D‐fructose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) was achieved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) under mild conditions. For example, a 72.3 % yield of HMF with 87.2 % selectivity were obtained for 2 h at 90 °C in the presence of 7.5 mol % [NMP]+[CH3SO3]−. The effects of the reaction temperature, time, and solvent were investigated in detail. The catalyst and solvent can be recycled for the dehydration of D‐fructose. The Hammett method was used to determine the acidities of these ionic liquids, which indicated that the acidity and molecular structure have strong effects on the catalytic activity of ionic liquids. Based on the experimental results, a possible reaction mechanism for the dehydration of D‐fructose is proposed.
Piecewise‐quadratic Harmut basis functions and their application to problems in digital signal processing
Authors: Singh Dhananjay , Zaynidinov Hakimjon , Lee Hoon‐Jae 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this work, the well‐known system of orthogonal piecewise‐constant Harmut basis functions is investigated. As a result of research, their shortcomings are revealed such as weak convergence, discontinuity and others. To eliminate these problems, a new basis of piecewise‐quadratic Harmut functions is proposed and a fast spectral transformation algorithm is developed in this basis. For examples of analytically set and experimentally verified dependencies, the advantages of the algorithm for spectral transformations in a basis of piecewise‐quadratic Harmut functions are demonstrated. The proposed system and algorithm could find wide application in such areas as computer graphics, image processing and restoration, machine vision and multimedia, animation and programming of computer games. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Merkel cell carcinoma metastatic to the thyroid gland: Aspiration findings and differential diagnosis
Authors: Stoll Lisa , Mudali Shiyama , Ali Syed Z. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractClinically diagnosed metastasis to the thyroid gland is exceptionally rare and may present diagnostic issues on fine needle aspiration. The most common primary sites of metastases to the thyroid are cancers of the lung, breast, skin (especially melanoma), colon, and kidney. Herein, we report a case of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma to the thyroid presenting as a 2.1‐cm solid nodule in a 50‐year‐old male with a previous history of Merkel cell carcinoma of the upper extremity. The aspirates were moderately to highly cellular featuring small to intermediate sized cells with scant to no cytoplasm, round‐to‐oval nuclei with finely dispersed chromatin, and predominantly arranged as scattered single cells. There was focal nuclear molding, numerous mitoses, and karyorrhectic nuclei. The differential diagnosis centered on the “small round blue cell” tumor group such as medullary thyroid carcinoma and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. However, in light of our patient's previous history, the FNA findings were most consistent with a metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma. In patients with a known history of a primary neoplasm, the differential diagnosis of a thyroid nodule should always include potential metastasis. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:754–757. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐Yield Synthesis and Crystal Structure Determination of Sodium Triphenylphosphane Monosulfonate (TPPMSNa)
Authors: Karschin Arndt , Kläui Wolfgang , Peters Wilfried , Spingler Bernhard 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA simple, high‐yield synthesis is described that leads tothe sodium salt of monosulfonated triphenylphosphane (TPPMSNa) as a pure product in large quantities without complicated workup techniques. The single‐crystal X‐ray structure of TPPMSNa·2.5H2O is reported. The structure is built up by alternating layers of aquated sodium sulfonate units and hydrophobic triphenyl units. Thermogravimetric analyses show the loss of one molecule of water at 70 and one at 105 °C. Thermal decomposition occurs at temperatures above 400 °C. The anhydrous ligand is hygroscopic. The preparation of the free acid TPPMSH starting from the sodium salt is also reported. TPPMSH is an extremely hygroscopic solid that could not be isolated in the crystalline form.
Layer‐specific BOLD activation in human V1
Authors: Koopmans Peter J. , Barth Markus , Norris David G. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe neocortex is known to have a distinct laminar structure which has previously been probed in animals using high‐resolution fMRI. Detection of layer‐specific activation in humans has however to date proven elusive. In this study we demonstrate for the first time such layer‐specific activation, specifically at a depth corresponding to layer IV of human primary visual cortex (V1). We used a gradient‐echo (GE) sequence at 3T with an isotropic resolution of 0.75 mm, in which a stria at the depth of layer IV was visible in the averaged time series, and could be used as an anatomical landmark. Upon visual stimulation (7.5 Hz flickering checkerboard) the signal increase of 3% in layer IV was significantly higher than in the neighboring laminae. The width of this activation peak was 0.8–1 mm. Based on this result and known laminar organization of the intracortical vasculature we conclude that in the direction perpendicular to the cortical surface the intrinsic spatial resolution of the GE‐BOLD fMRI signal is in the submillimetre range. Human laminar fMRI is a significant development which may improve our understanding of intracortical activation patterns and of the way in which different cortical regions interact. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Group‐level variations in motor representation areas of thenar and anterior tibial muscles: Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Study
Authors: Niskanen Eini , Julkunen Petro , Säisänen Laura , Vanninen Ritva , Karjalainen Pasi , Könönen Mervi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractNavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can be used to stimulate functional cortical areas at precise anatomical location to induce measurable responses. The stimulation has commonly been focused on anatomically predefined motor areas: TMS of that area elicits a measurable muscle response, the motor evoked potential. In clinical pathologies, however, the well‐known homunculus somatotopy theory may not be straightforward, and the representation area of the muscle is not fixed. Traditionally, the anatomical locations of TMS stimulations have not been reported at the group level in standard space. This study describes a methodology for group‐level analysis by investigating the normal representation areas of thenar and anterior tibial muscle in the primary motor cortex. The optimal representation area for these muscles was mapped in 59 healthy right‐handed subjects using navigated TMS. The coordinates of the optimal stimulation sites were then normalized into standard space to determine the representation areas of these muscles at the group‐level in healthy subjects. Furthermore, 95% confidence interval ellipsoids were fitted into the optimal stimulation site clusters to define the variation between subjects in optimal stimulation sites. The variation was found to be highest in the anteroposterior direction along the superior margin of the precentral gyrus. These results provide important normative information for clinical studies assessing changes in the functional cortical areas because of plasticity of the brain. Furthermore, it is proposed that the presented methodology to study TMS locations at the group level on standard space will be a suitable tool for research purposes in population studies. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation between quantitative EEG and MRI in idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Authors: Betting Luiz E. , Li Li M. , Lopes‐Cendes Iscia , Guerreiro Marilisa M. , Guerreiro Carlos A.M. , Cendes Fernando 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between the focal discharges sometimes observed in the electroencephalogram of patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies and subtle structural magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities. The main hypothesis to be assessed is that focal discharges may arise from areas of structural abnormality which can be detected by quantitative neuroimaging. Focal discharges were used for quantitative electroencephalogram source detection. Neuroimaging investigations consisted of voxel‐based morphometry and region of interest volumetry. For voxel‐based morphometry, volumetric MRI were acquired and processed. The images of each patient were individually compared with a control group. Statistical analysis was used to detect differences in gray matter volumes. Region of interest‐based morphometry was automatically performed and used essentially to confirm voxel‐based morphometry findings. The localization of the focal discharges on the electroencephalogram was compared to the neuroimaging results. Twenty‐two patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies were evaluated. Gray matter abnormalities were detected by voxel‐based morphometry analysis in 77% of the patients. There was a good concordance between EEG source detection and voxel‐based morphometry. On average, the nearest voxels detected by these methods were 19 mm (mm) apart and the most statistically significant voxels were 34 mm apart. This study suggests that in some cases subtle gray matter abnormalities are associated with focal epileptiform discharges observed in the electroencephalograms of patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Content and traffic of taurine in hippocampal reactive astrocytes
Authors: Junyent Fèlix , De Lemos Luisa , Utrera Juana , Paco Sonia , Aguado Fernando , Camins Antoni , Pallàs Mercè , Romero Rafael , Auladell Carme 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTaurine is one of the most abundant free amino acids in the mammalian central nervous system, where it is crucial to proper development. Moreover, taurine acts as a neuroprotectant in various diseases; in epilepsy, for example, it has the capacity to reduce or abolish seizures. In the present study, taurine levels has been determine in mice treated with Kainic Acid (KA) and results showed an increase of this amino acid in hippocampus but not in whole brain after 3 and 7 days of KA treatment. This increase occurs when gliosis was observed. Moreover, taurine transporter (TAUT) was found in astrocytes 3 and 7 days after KA treatment, together with an increase incysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase(csd) mRNA, that codifies for the rate‐limiting enzyme of taurine synthesis, in the hippocampus at the same times after KA treatment. Glial cultures enriched in astrocytes were developed to demonstrate that these cells are responsible for changes in taurine levels after an injury to the brain. The cultures were treated with proinflammatory cytokines to reproduce gliosis. In this experimental model, an increase in the immunoreactivity of GFAP was observed, together with an increase in CSD and taurine levels. Moreover, an alteration in the taurine uptake‐release kinetics was detected in glial cells treated with cytokine. All data obtained indicate that astrocytes could play a key role in taurine level changes induced by neuronal damage. More studies are, therefore, needed to clarify the role taurine has in relation to neuronal death and repair. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
TRPC channels underlie cholinergic plateau potentials and persistent activity in entorhinal cortex
Authors: Zhang Zizhen , Reboreda Antonio , Alonso Angel , Barker Philip A. , Séguéla Philippe 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPersistent neuronal activity lasting seconds to minutes has been proposed to allow for the transient storage of memory traces in entorhinal cortex and thus could play a major role in working memory. Nonsynaptic plateau potentials induced by acetylcholine account for persistent firing in many cortical and subcortical structures. The expression of these intrinsic properties in cortical neurons involves the recruitment of a non‐selective cation conductance. Despite its functional importance, the identity of the cation channels remains unknown. Here we show that, in layer V of rat medial entorhinal cortex, muscarinic receptor‐evoked plateau potentials and persistent firing induced by carbachol require phospholipase C activation, decrease of PIP2 levels, and permissive intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. Plateau potentials and persistent activity were suppressed by the generic nonselective cation channel blockers FFA (100 μM) and 2‐APB (100 μM), as well as by the TRPC channel blocker SKF‐96365 (50 μM). However, plateau potentials were not affected by the TRPV channel blocker ruthenium red (40 μM). The TRPC3/6/7 activator OAG did not induce or enhance persistent firing evoked by carbachol. Voltage clamp recordings revealed a carbachol‐activated, nonselective cationic current with a heteromeric TRPC‐like phenotype. Moreover, plateau potentials and persistent firing were inhibited by intracellular application of the peptide EQVTTRL that disrupts interactions between the C‐terminal domain of TRPC4/5 subunits and associated PDZ proteins. Altogether, our data suggest that TRPC cation channels mediating persistent muscarinic currents significantly contribute to the firing and mnemonic properties of projection neurons in the entorhinal cortex. © 2010 Wiley‐ Liss, Inc.
Estradiol potentiation of NR2B‐dependent EPSCs is not due to changes in NR2B protein expression or phosphorylation
Authors: Snyder Melissa A. , Cooke Bradley M. , Woolley Catherine S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe hormone, 17β‐estradiol (E2), influences the structure and function of synapses in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. E2 increases the density of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses on CA1 pyramidal cells, increases CA1 cells' sensitivity to excitatory synaptic input mediated by the NMDA receptor (NMDAR), enhances NMDAR‐dependent long‐term potentiation, and improves hippocampus‐dependent working memory. Smith and McMahon (2006J Neurosci 26:8517–8522) reported that the larger NMDAR‐mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) recorded after E2 treatment are due primarily to an increased contribution of NR2B‐containing NMDARs. We used a combination of electrophysiology, Western blot, and immunofluorescence to investigate two potential mechanisms by which E2 could enhance NR2B‐dependent EPSCs: An increase in NMDAR subunit protein levels and/or a change(s) in NR2B phosphorylation. Our studies confirmed the E2‐induced increase in NR2B‐dependent EPSC amplitude, but we found no evidence that E2 affects protein levels for the NR1, NR2A, or NR2B subunit of the NMDAR, nor that E2 affects phosphorylation of NR2B. Our findings suggest that the effects of E2 on NMDAR‐dependent synaptic physiology in the hippocampus likely result from recruitment of NR2B‐containing NMDARs to synapses rather than from increased expression of NMDARs or changes in their phosphorylation state. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.