bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of MRP‐8 in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health and disease using microbore HPLC
Authors: Lundy Fionnuala T. , Chalk Rod , Lamey Philip‐John , Shaw Christopher , Linden Gerard J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground: The protein components of GCF can be separated by reverse‐phase microbore HPLC on a C18 column with detection on the basis of 214 nm absorbance. A single major symmetrical protein peak eluting with a retention time of 26 min (50% acetonitrile) was evident in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from periodontitis patients but not in healthy GCF. This protein was identified as human MRP‐8 by N‐terminal amino acid sequencing and liquid chromotography quadropole mass spectrometry.Aims: To quantify the amount of MRP‐8 detectable in GCF from individual healthy, gingivitis and periodontitis affected sites and to study the relationship, if any, between the levels of this responsive protein and periodontal health and disease.Methods: GCF was sampled (30 s) from healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis sites in peridontitis subjects (n=15) and from controls (n=5) with clinically healthy gingiva and no periodontitis. Purified MRP‐8 was sequenced by Edmann degradation and the phenylthiohydantoin (PTH) amino acid yield determined (by comparison of peak area with external PTH amino acid standards). This value was subsequently used to calculate the relative amount of protein in the peak eluting with a retention time of 26.0 min (MRP‐8) in individual GCF chromatograms.Results: Higher levels of MRP‐8 were detected in inflammatory sites: periodontitis 457.0 (281.0) ng; gingivitis 413.5 (394.5) ng compared with periodontally healthy sites in diseased subjects 14.6 (14.3) ng and in controls 18.6 (18.5) ng, p=0.003. There was at least 20‐fold more MRP‐8 in the inflammatory compared with the healthy sites studied.Conclusions: The preliminary data indicate that MRP‐8 is present in GCF, with significantly greater amounts present at diseased than healthy sites. A systematic study of the relationship of this protein to periodontal disease could prove useful in further clarifying whether MRP‐8 could be a reliable GCF biomarker of gingivitis and periodontitis.
Correlation between early perforation of cover screws and marginal bone loss: a retrospective study
Authors: Van Assche Nele , Collaert Bruno , Coucke Wim , Quirynen Marc 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: This retrospective study aimed to determine the consequence of early cover screw exposure on peri‐implant marginal bone level.Material and Methods: Sixty Astra Tech® MicroThread implants installed in partially edentulous jaws were compared: 20 implants were placed following a two‐stage procedure and were unintentionally exposed to the oral cavity (two‐stage exposed), 20 implants were placed following a two‐stage procedure and were surgically exposed after a subgingival healing time of 3–6 months (two‐stage submerged), and 20 implants were placed following a one‐stage surgical protocol (one‐stage). Digital radiographs were taken at implant placement for all implants, and after abutment surgery for the two‐stage exposed and two‐stage submerged groups or after 3 months for the one‐stage group. Bone loss mesially and distally was measured with an on‐screen cursor after calibration.Results: Mean bone re‐modelling was 1.96 mm (range: 0.2–3.2 mm) around the two‐stage exposed implants, 0.01 mm (range: 0.0–0.3 mm) around the two‐stage submerged implants and 0.14 mm (range: 0.0–1.2 mm) around the one‐stage implants.Conclusion: The unintentional perforation of two‐stage implants resulted in significant bone destruction, probably because the biological width was not considered.
Two‐year clinical results following treatment of peri‐implantitis lesions using a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite or a natural bone mineral in combination with a collagen membrane
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Sculean Anton , Bieling Katrin , Ferrari Daniel , Rothamel Daniel , Becker Jürgen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectives: The aim of the present case series was to evaluate the 2‐year results obtained following treatment of peri‐implantitis lesions using either a nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (NHA) or a natural bone mineral in combination with a collagen membrane (NBM+CM).Material and Methods: Twenty‐two patients suffering from moderate peri‐implantitis (n=22 intra‐bony defects) were randomly treated with (i) access flap surgery (AFS) and the application of NHA, or with AFS and the application of NBM+CM. Clinical parameters were recorded at baseline and after 12, 18, and 24 months of non‐submerged healing.Results: Two patients from the NHA group were excluded from the study due to severe pus formation at 12 months. At 24 months, both groups revealed clinically important probing depth (PD) reductions (NHA: 1.5±0.6 mm; NBM+CM: 2.4±0.8 mm) and clinical attachment level (CAL) gains (NHA: 1.0±0.4 mm; NBM+CM: 2.0±0.8 mm). However, these clinical improvements seemed to be better in the NBM+CM group (difference between groups: PD reduction: 0.9±0.2 mm; CAL gain: 1.0±0.3 mm).Conclusion: Both treatment procedures have shown efficacy over a period of 24 months, however, the application of NBM+CM may result in an improved outcome of healing.
Penetration depths with an ultrasonic mini insert compared with a conventional curette in patients with periodontitis and in periodontal maintenance
Authors: Barendregt Dick S. , Van Der Velden Ubele , Timmerman Mark F. , Van Der Weijden Fridus 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: The aim of the study was to test whether a slim Ultrasonic Tip reaches a more apical position when penetrating a periodontal pocket compared with the working blade of a conventional Gracey Curette in both untreated periodontitis and periodontal maintenance patients.Material and Methods: Twenty untreated and 15 periodontal maintenance patients were selected based on the presence of at least one site a pocket of 5 mm in each quadrant. Recordings were made at the four approximal sites of four experimental teeth in each patient. First, the probing pocket depth was measured with the Jonker Probe®. Second in randomized order, the penetration depth was assessed with an EMS PS Ultrasonic Tip and a Gracey Curette.Results: In the periodontitis group, the Ultrasonic Tip penetrated significantly deeper than the Jonker Probe and the Gracey Curette. In the maintenance group, no differences were observed. Comparing the penetration of the instruments between groups, as related to the Jonker Probe measurements, only in the periodontitis group did the Ultrasonic Tip reach a significantly more apical level.Conclusion: The results of the present study show that in untreated periodontitis patients, the Ultrasonic Tip penetrated the pocket deeper than the pressure‐controlled probe and the Gracey Curette.
Subgingival microbial profiles in chronic periodontitis patients from Chile, Colombia and Spain
Authors: Herrera David , Contreras Adolfo , Gamonal Jorge , Oteo Alfonso , Jaramillo Adriana , Silva Nora , Sanz Mariano , Botero Javier Enrique , León Rubén 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: To investigate the subgingival microbiota of distinct periodontitis patient populations, in Chile, Colombia and Spain, using identical clinical and bacteriological methods.Material and Methods: In this multicentre study, 114 chronic periodontitis patients were selected. Patients were examined using an identical clinical protocol and pooled subgingival samples were obtained from each patient. Samples were processed in the three laboratories by means of culturing under identical clinical and microbiological protocols. Total anaerobic counts and frequency of detection and proportions of nine periodontal pathogens were calculated. Variables were analysed by means of anova, χ2, Kruskal–Wallis and Dunn's multiple comparison tests.Results: The Colombian population demonstrated greater severity of periodontitis, with significantly deeper mean probing pocket depth, and had a significantly lower percentage of current smokers. When comparing samples from the three patient populations, the total counts were significantly higher in the Colombian patients. The numbers of putative pathogens differed among groups. Tannerella forsythia was found less frequently in Chilean samples, while Parvimonas micra and enteric rods differed significantly among the three population groups.Conclusion: Significant differences among Chile, Colombia and Spain existed regarding the frequency and proportions of specific periodontal pathogens in the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis patients.
Self‐reported gingivitis and tooth loss poorly predict C‐reactive protein levels: a study among Finnish young adults
Authors: Ylöstalo Pekka V. , Järvelin Marjo‐Riitta , Laitinen Jaana , Knuuttila Matti L. E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjectives: Our aim in this cross‐sectional study was to investigate whether self‐reported gingivitis and tooth loss were associated with elevated levels of C‐reactive protein (CRP) using the same study population where these dental conditions have earlier been associated with prevalent angina pectoris.Material and Methods: The study population consisted of those Northern Finland birth cohort 1966 members who lived in Northern Finland or in the Helsinki region (n=8463) at the time of the survey (1996–1997). The participation rate in a health examination was 71% (n=6033). Gingivitis and tooth loss were determined on the basis of self‐reported questions. Prevalence proportion ratios (PPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using multivariate regression models.Results: The results showed that self‐reported gingivitis and tooth loss were weakly associated with elevated levels of CRP (>3 mg/l): adjusted PPR 1.1, CI 1.0–1.3 and PPR 1.1, CI 0.7–1.7, respectively. The proportion of variation in CRP explained by self‐reported gingivitis and tooth loss was small, being <1%.Conclusion: The results suggest that self‐reported gingivitis and tooth loss have a miniscule effect on CRP levels among a general population of young adults.
Fibre retention osseous resective surgery: how deep is the infrabony component of the osseous‐resected defects?
Authors: Carnevale Gianfranco , Cairo Francesco , Nieri Michele , Tonetti Maurizio S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground: The Aims of this retrospective study were: (i) to describe the applicability of Fibre Retention Osseous Resective Surgery (FibReORS) to infrabony defects with different radiographic depths and (ii) to identify significant anatomical elements associated with the decision of tooth extraction or application of FibReORS in the context of a treatment approach aimed at pocket elimination.Material and Methods: Baseline radiographs with detectable infrabony defects were collected from 68 periodontal patients. Selected teeth with radiographic evidence of infrabony defects had probing depths (PD) >4 mm at revaluation following non‐surgical periodontal therapy. Teeth were then surgically treated with FibReORS or extracted on the basis of the decision making of an experienced periodontist and in the context of the overall treatment plan. The total root length and the defect depth were quantified for each selected tooth using radiographic reference points.Results: A total of 324 teeth with infrabony defects were identified. Fifty‐three (16%) teeth with a mean radiographic infrabony defect of 8.5±1.7 mm (range 6–12 mm) were extracted; 271 (84%) teeth with a mean infrabony defect of 3.0±1.4 mm (1–8 mm) were surgically treated, achieving PD 3 mm in all sites at 6‐month follow‐up. Surgically treated teeth showed baseline radiographic infrabony defects 4 mm in 86% of the cases. Logistic multilevel modelling indicated that the probability of extraction was influenced by root length (p=0.0230) and by the radiographic defect depth (p=0.0112).Conclusion: FibReORS is applicable in the treatment of shallow to moderate bony defects and deeper defects associated with longer roots.
Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 2: tooth‐related factors
Authors: Pretzl Bernadette , Kaltschmitt Jens , Kim Ti‐Sun , Reitmeir Peter , Eickholz Peter 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective: To assess tooth‐related factors contributing to tooth loss over a period of 10 years after completion of active periodontal therapy (APT).Material and Methods: All patients who had received APT by the same experienced periodontist, 10 years before beginning the research, were recruited until 100 patients were re‐examined. Examinations included, at the patient level: test for interleukin‐1 polymorphism, compliance to supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), mean plaque scores during SPT; at the tooth level: assessment of baseline bone loss (type, amount), tooth type, furcation status and abutment status. Logistic multilevel regression was performed for statistical analysis.Results: Hundred patients with 2301 teeth at the baseline (completion of APT) were retrospectively examined. One hundred fifty‐five teeth were lost over 10 years after APT. Logistic multilevel regression identified high plaque scores, irregular attendance of SPT and age as patient‐related factors significantly accounting for tooth loss. Tooth‐related factors significantly contributing to tooth loss were baseline bone loss, furcation involvement and use as an abutment tooth. However, in patients with regular SPT, 93% of teeth with 60–80% bone loss at the baseline, survived 10 years.Conclusion: The following tooth‐related risk factors for tooth loss were identified: baseline bone loss, furcation involvement, and use as an abutment tooth.
A lack of significantly increased incidence of regression in second primary melanomas does not support an ‘immunization effect’
Authors: Zoller Lilach , Mayer Elisa , Itzhak Ofer Ben , Bergman Reuven 
Published: August 2010

Objective: To compare the incidence of regression in first and second primary melanomas as a possible indication of an ‘immunization effect'. Methods: The first and second primary melanomas of 18 patients were studied histopathologically for signs of regression. At least 1 month elapsed between the removal of the two primary lesions. Results: Histopathological evidence of regression was found in 7 of the 18 (38.8%) first melanomas and in 8 of the 18 (44.4%) second melanomas [p = non‐significant (N.S.)]. Among the nine patients in whom the removal of the second primary melanoma was >6 months after the removal of the first primary melanoma, one (11%) first melanoma and three (33%) second melanomas showed regression, respectively, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. Among the nine patients in whom the removal of the second primary melanoma was ≤6 months after the removal of the first primary melanoma, six (67%) first melanoma and five (56%) second melanomas showed regression (p = N.S.). Conclusions: Our study does not provide evidence for a statistically significant increased rate of regression in second primary melanomas compared to the first primary melanomas, but larger groups of studied cases may be needed.Bergman R, Zoller L, Mayer E, Itzhak OB. A lack of significantly increased incidence of regression in second primary melanomas does not support an ‘immunization effect’.
A GIS approach to identifying territorial resource competition
Authors: Palmer S. C. F. , Bacon P. J. 
Published: August 2010

Computer simulations using a geographical information system were developed to investigate the relationships between the habitat composition of red grouse territories and the alignment of territory boundaries in relation to vegetation patterns. Field data were from a fifteen year study on Kerloch Moor, north‐east Scotland, between 1963 and 1977.In order to determine whether observed territories were arranged randomly with respect to a number of habitat characteristics, they were compared with many simulated sets of possible territory arrangements by translation of the territory boundaries to a number of different positions relative to the vegetation mosaic. A suite of summary statistics was calculated for the simulated configurations, against which the observed configurations were tested.There was little evidence for territorial resource competition by red grouse. The positions of territories were not strongly influenced by their composition in terms of vegetation types or heather edge. Neither was there any obvious preference for territory boundaries to lie within particular vegetation types. However, there was clear evidence that physical features of the habitat (fences, walls, tracks, etc.) had a strong influence on the position of territory boundaries.Temporal and spatial habitat heterogeneity led to a number of technical and analytical problems, and the implications of these are discussed.
Inter‐tree variation and yearly fluctuation in the susceptibility of Sakhalin spruce Picea glehnii, to shoot‐boring sawfly Pleroneura piceae
Authors: Masaka Kazuhiko , Hara Hideho 
Published: August 2010

This study evaluated the effect of inter‐tree variation in the bud phenology of Picea glehnii on susceptibility to the shoot‐boring sawfly. Pleroneura piceae, and found that individual susceptibility fluctuates from year to year. The mechanism for the fluctuation between 1994 and 1997 is discussed.Inter‐tree difference in the time of bud swelling is probably genetically based, since most of the trees that began to swell early in 1995 also swelled early in 1997, and those that began to swell late also did so in both years. Damage severity of each tree was evaluated by damage ratio: proportion of the number of damaged current shoots on the previous year's leader shoot. The rank of the bud swelling phenology of a tree was positively correlated to the rank of the damage ratio. This means that genetically based differences in phenology could explain why some trees are subjected to higher levels of herbivory than others.There was year‐to‐year variation in the damage severity for each tree. Nevertheless, no significant differences were found in the rank of the damage ratio between years. However the standard deviation of the damage ratios of each tree was highest for trees of intermediate rank. The skew of the frequency distribution of damage ratio was negatively correlated to the cumulated daily mean temperature in spring, which means that the spruce is more susceptible to the sawfly in warm springs than in cool springs.The mean growth rate of the lightly damaged trees increased constantly, while that of the heavily damaged trees seemed to reach a limit and then became lower than that of the lightly damaged trees.
Foraging behavior of an estuarine predator, the blue crab Callinectes sapidus in a patchy environment
Authors: Clark Mary E. , Wolcott Thomas G. , Wolcott Donna L. , Hines Anson H. 
Published: August 2010

To define general principles of predator‐prey dynamics in an estuarine subtidal environment, we manipulated predator density (the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus) and prey (the clam, Macoma balthica) patch distribution in large field enclosures in the Rhode River subestuary of the central Chesapeake Bay. The primary objectives were to determine whether predators forage in a way that maximizes prey consumption and to assess how their foraging success is affected by density of conspecifics. We developed a novel ultrasonic telemetry system to observe behavior of individual predators with unprecedented detail.Behavior of predators was more indicative of optimal than of opportunistic foraging. Predators appeared responsive to the overall quality of prey in their habitat. Rather than remaining on a prey patch until depletion, predators appeared to vary their patch use with quality of the surrounding environment. When multiple (two) prey patches were available, residence time of predators on a prey patch was shorter than when only a single prey patch was available. Predators seemed to move among the prey patches fairly regularly, dividing their foraging time between the patches and consuming prey from each of them at a similar rate. That predators more than doubled their consumption of prey when we doubled the number of prey (by adding the second patch) is consistent with optimizing behaviors ‐ rather than with an opportunistic increase in prey consumption brought about simply by the addition of more prey. Predators at high density, however, appeared to interfere with each other's foraging success, reflected by their lower rates of prey consumption.Blue crabs appear to forage more successfully (and their prey to experience higher mortality) in prey patches located within 15–20 meters of neighboring patch, than in isolated patches. Our results are likely to apply, at least qualitatively, to other crustacean‐bivalve interactions, including those of commercial interest; their quantitative applicability will depend on the mobility of other predators and the scale of patchiness they perceive.
Summer bird abundance and distribution on set‐aside fields on intensive arable farms in England
Authors: Henderson Ian G. , Vickery Juliet A. , Fuller Robert J. 
Published: August 2010

The abundance and distribution of breeding birds were compared on paired fields comprising one set‐aside field and one crop field, on 11 intensive arable farms in eastern and western England. A single observer made four visits to all set‐aside and crop fields between April and July and recorded all birds seen during standardised counts and transects.Rotational and non‐rotational set‐aside supported higher densities and more species of birds than fields of wheat, brassicas, root crops and seed rye. These differences in density, between set‐aside and crops, were evident across a suit of species including waders, gamebirds, pigeons and passerines and were particularly marked on rotational set‐aside. The majority of species recorded in fields away from boundaries would have been feeding rather than nesting there and higher bird densities on set‐aside compared with adjacent arable crops probably reflects greater food abundance in the former.The study is the first to demonstrate a clear habitat preference for set‐aside by a wide range of bird species throughout the breeding season and it allows a number of recommendations to be made concerning the development of cost‐effective agri‐environment measures. The fact that the majority of birds utilised the outer 5 m, or in some cases 20 m, margin of the field suggests that many of the benefits of whole field set‐aside may be derived from marginal strips. A slight, but not significant preference for rotational over non‐rotational set‐aside suggest such margins should be managed to maintain a patchy, relatively diverse sward of arable plants. A key feature of set‐aside is the scale at which it has been incorporated into the arable landscape. Agri‐enviromental schemes will only provide similar national benefits if they are implemented on a wide scale in such as way as to promote high uptake by farmers.