bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The numerical evaluation of a 2-D Cauchy principal value integral arising in boundary integral equation methods
Authors: Monegato Giovanni 
Published: June 2010

In this paper we consider the problem of computing 2-D Cauchy principal value integrals of the form
\[

₯

S

F
(

P
0

;
P
)

d
P
,

P
0

∈
S
,

{\fint _S}F({P_0};P)\,dP,\qquad {P_0} \in S,

\]
where S is either a rectangle or a triangle, and

F
(

P
0

;
P
)

F({P_0};P)

is integrable over S, except at the point

P
0

{P_0}

where it has a second-order pole. Using polar coordinates, the integral is first reduced to the form
\[

∫

θ
1

θ
2

[
u
n
k

]
0

R
(
θ
)

f
(
r
,
θ
)

r

d
r

d
θ
,

\int _{{\theta _1}}^{{\theta _2}} {[unk]_0^{R(\theta )}\frac {{f(r,\theta )}}{r}dr\, d \theta ,}

\]
where

[
u
n
k
]

[unk]

denotes the finite part of the (divergent) integral. Then ad hoc products of one-dimensional quadrature rules of Gaussian type are constructed, and corresponding convergence results derived. Some numerical tests are also presented.
On the shape of tetrahedra from bisection
Authors: Liu Anwei , Joe Barry 
Published: June 2010

We present a procedure for bisecting a tetrahedron T successively into an infinite sequence of tetrahedral meshes

T

0

,

T

1

,

T

2

,
…

{\mathcal {T}^0},{\mathcal {T}^1},{\mathcal {T}^2}, \ldots

, which has the following properties: (1) Each mesh

T

n

{\mathcal {T}^n}

is conforming. (2) There are a finite number of classes of similar tetrahedra in all the

T

n

,
n
≥
0

{\mathcal {T}^n},n \geq 0

. (3) For any tetrahedron

T

i
n

{\mathbf {T}}_i^n

in

T

n

,
η
(

T

i
n

)
≥

c
1

η
(

T

)

{\mathcal {T}^n},\eta ({\mathbf {T}}_i^n) \geq {c_1}\eta ({\mathbf {T}})

, where

η
\eta

is a tetrahedron shape measure and

c
1

{c_1}

is a constant. (4)

δ
(

T

i
n

)
≤

c
2

(
1

/

2

)

n

/

3

δ
(

T

)

\delta ({\mathbf {T}}_i^n) \leq {c_2}{(1/2)^{n/3}}\delta ({\mathbf {T}})

, where

δ
(

T
′

)

\delta ({\mathbf {T’}})

denotes the diameter of tetrahedron

T
′

{\mathbf {T’}}

and

c
2

{c_2}

is a constant. Estimates of

c
1

{c_1}

and

c
2

{c_2}

are provided. Properties (2) and (3) extend similar results of Stynes and Adler, and of Rosenberg and Stenger, respectively, for the 2-D case. The diameter bound in property (4) is better than one given by Kearfott.
Chebyshev-type quadrature and partial sums of the exponential series
Authors: Kuijlaars Arno 
Published: June 2010

Chebyshev-type quadrature for the weight functions
\[

w
a

(
t
)
=

1
−
a
t

π

1
−

t
2

,

−
1
>
t
>
1
,

−
1
>
a
>
1
,

{w_a}(t) = \frac {{1 - at}}{{\pi \sqrt {1 - {t^2}} }},\quad - 1 > t > 1,\quad - 1 > a > 1,

\]
is related to a problem concerning partial sums of the exponential series, namely the problem to extend the nth partial sum to a polynomial of degree 2N having all zeros on the circle

|

z

|

=

|

a

|

N

|z| = |a|N

. Using this connection, we show that the minimal number N of nodes needed for Chebyshev-type quadrature of degree n for

w
a

(
t
)

{w_a}(t)

satisfies an inequality

C
1

n
≤
N
≤

C
2

n

{C_1}n \leq N \leq {C_2}n

with positive constants

C
1

,

C
2

{C_1},{C_2}

. As an application we prove that the minimal number N of nodes for Chebyshev-type quadrature of degree n on a torus embedded in

R

3

{{\mathbf {R}}^3}

satisfies an inequality

C
1

n
2

≤
N
≤

C
2

n
2

{C_1}{n^2} \leq N \leq {C_2}{n^2}

.
Convergence of product integration rules over (0,∞) for functions with weak singularities at the origin
Authors: Mastroianni G. , Monegato G. 
Published: June 2010

In this paper we consider integrals of the form\[∫0∞e−xK(x,y)f(x)dx,\int _0^\infty {{e^{ - x}}K(x,y)f(x)dx,}\]withf∈Cp[0,∞)∩Cq(0,∞),q≥p≥0f \in {C^p}[0,\infty ) \cap {C^q}(0,\infty ),q \geq p \geq 0, andxif(p+i)(x)∈C[0,∞),i=1,…,q−p{x^i}{f^{(p + i)}}(x) \in C[0,\infty ),i = 1, \ldots ,q - p, whenq>pq > p. They appear for instance in certain Wiener-Hopf integral equations and are of interest if one wants to solve these by a Nyström method. To discretize the integral above, we propose to use a product rule of interpolatory type based on the zeros of Laguerre polynomials. For this rule we derive (weighted) uniform convergence estimates and present some numerical examples.
Closed-form summation of some trigonometric series
Authors: Cvijović Djurdje , Klinowski Jacek 
Published: June 2010

The problem of numerical evaluation of the classical trigonometric series
\[

S
ν

(
α
)
=

∑

k
=
0

∞

sin
⁡
(
2
k
+
1
)
α

(
2
k
+
1
)

ν

and

C
ν

(
α
)
=

∑

k
=
0

∞

cos
⁡
(
2
k
+
1
)
α

(
2
k
+
1
)

ν

,

{S_\nu }(\alpha ) = \sum \limits _{k = 0}^\infty {\frac {{\sin (2k + 1)\alpha }}{{{{(2k + 1)}^\nu }}}\quad {\text {and}}\quad } {C_\nu }(\alpha ) = \sum \limits _{k = 0}^\infty {\frac {{\cos (2k + 1)\alpha }}{{{{(2k + 1)}^\nu }}},}

\]
where

ν
>
1

\nu > 1

in the case of

S

2
n

(
α
)

{S_{2n}}(\alpha )

and

C

2
n
+
1

(
α
)

{C_{2n + 1}}(\alpha )

with

n
=
1
,
2
,
3
,
…

n = 1,2,3, \ldots

has been recently addressed by Dempsey, Liu, and Dempsey; Boersma and Dempsey; and by Gautschi. We show that, when

α
\alpha

is equal to a rational multiple of

2
π

2\pi

, these series can in the general case be summed in closed form in terms of known constants and special functions. General formulae giving

C
ν

(
α
)

{C_\nu }(\alpha )

and

S
ν

(
α
)

{S_\nu }(\alpha )

in terms of the generalized Riemann zeta function and the cosine and sine functions, respectively, are derived. Some simpler variants of these formulae are obtained, and various special results are established.
Over-optimism in bioinformatics: an illustration
Authors: Jelizarow Monika , Guillemot Vincent , Tenenhaus Arthur , Strimmer Korbinian , Boulesteix Anne-Laure 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Motivation: In statistical bioinformatics research, different optimization mechanisms potentially lead to ‘over-optimism’ in published papers. So far, however, a systematic critical study concerning the various sources underlying this over-optimism is lacking.
Results: We present an empirical study on over-optimism using high-dimensional classification as example. Specifically, we consider a ‘promising’ new classification algorithm, namely linear discriminant analysis incorporating prior knowledge on gene functional groups through an appropriate shrinkage of the within-group covariance matrix. While this approach yields poor results in terms of error rate, we quantitatively demonstrate that it can artificially seem superior to existing approaches if we ‘fish for significance’. The investigated sources of over-optimism include the optimization of datasets, of settings, of competing methods and, most importantly, of the method's characteristics. We conclude that, if the improvement of a quantitative criterion such as the error rate is the main contribution of a paper, the superiority of new algorithms should always be demonstrated on independent validation data.
Availability: The R codes and relevant data can be downloaded from http://www.ibe.med.uni-muenchen.de/organisation/mitarbeiter/020_professuren/boulesteix/overoptimism/, such that the study is completely reproducible.
Contact: boulesteix@ibe.med.uni-muenchen.de
EGM: encapsulated gene-by-gene matching to identify gene orthologs and homologous segments in genomes
Authors: Mahmood Khalid , Konagurthu Arun S. , Song Jiangning , Buckle Ashley M. , Webb Geoffrey I. , Whisstock James C. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Motivation: Identification of functionally equivalent genes in different species is essential to understand the evolution of biological pathways and processes. At the same time, identification of strings of conserved orthologous genes helps identify complex genomic rearrangements across different organisms. Such an insight is particularly useful, for example, in the transfer of experimental results between different experimental systems such as Drosophila and mammals.
Results: Here, we describe the Encapsulated Gene-by-gene Matching (EGM) approach, a method that employs a graph matching strategy to identify gene orthologs and conserved gene segments. Given a pair of genomes, EGM constructs a global gene match for all genes taking into account gene context and family information. The Hungarian method for identifying the maximum weight matching in bipartite graphs is employed, where the resulting matching reveals one-to-one correspondences between nodes (genes) in a manner that maximizes the gene similarity and context.
Conclusion: We tested our approach by performing several comparisons including a detailed Human versus Mouse genome mapping. We find that the algorithm is robust and sensitive in detecting orthologs and conserved gene segments. EGM can sensitively detect rearrangements within large and small chromosomal segments. The EGM tool is fully automated and easy to use compared to other more complex methods that also require extensive manual intervention and input.
Availability: The EGM software, Supplementary information and other tools are available online from http://vbc.med.monash.edu.au/∼kmahmood/EGM
Contacts: james.whisstock@monash.edu; geoff.webb@monash.edu
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
‘Des matières, non des images’: Bernard Noël's Creative Art Criticism
Authors: Wagstaff Emma 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Bernard Noël does not consider writing that responds to art to be a translation into verbal form of a visual impression. He refuses to read images as signs, focusing instead on trace, gesture, and the artistic materials themselves, and seeks in his criticism not to represent the visual, but rather to investigate the shared material basis of canvas and paper, and to involve the reader in the reception of his text as he believes the viewer to be engaged by works of visual art. This article discusses in particular Noël's essay ‘L'Encre et le vide’ (2001), written to accompany ink paintings by Zao Wou-Ki. Noël sees these images as projections of the body rather than as the expression of thoughts or experimentation with signs, and suggests that they rise up from the page. In turn, he grants his text volume and produces a sense of unfolding instead of description or analysis. With reference to Lyotard's
Discours, figure
, I argue that Noël's art writing is creative. Just as Lyotard's
figure
, which disrupts discourse, is not equated simply with the intrusion of the visual into the verbal, here text and image are both shaped by their contact with one another.
Blindness, the Visual, and Ekphrastic Impulses: Albert Memmi Colours in the Lines
Authors: Brozgal Lia Nicole 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

The later novels of Tunisian writer Albert Memmi reveal an interest in the visual:
Le Scorpion
(1969) foregrounds text as visual object, with myriad typefaces and images of calligraphy interspersed throughout the text;
Le Désert
(1977) is punctuated by a series of engravings that form an iconotextual structure. Despite this profusion of visual material, Memmi does not submit to an ekphrastic impulse; the novels scrupulously avoid commentary on their visual elements. This complex relationship to ekphrasis is troubled by Memmi's
L'Écriture colorée ou Je vous aime en rouge
(1986), an essay that proposes a colour-based legend offering readers a ‘map’ to navigate the registers of discourse contained within a text. While Memmi's system raises more questions than it solves, it offers an opportunity to probe the stability of certain binaries (blindness and sight, and ocularcentrism and ocularphobia). Moreover, it blurs the frontiers between text and image, for
écriture colorée
also holds the promise of turning the page of text into a modernist painting, with its coloured lines of text morphing into a Mondrianesque tableau such that discourse, figured as blocks and swatches of colour, would find itself resisting verbal representation.
Definition and detection of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the high seas: problems with the “move-on” rule
Authors: Auster Peter J. , Gjerde Kristina , Heupel Eric , Watling Les , Grehan Anthony , Rogers Alex David 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Auster, P. J., Gjerde, K., Heupel, E., Watling, L., Grehan, A., and Rogers, A. D. 2011. Definition and detection of vulnerable marine ecosystems on the high seas: problems with the “move-on” rule. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 254–264. Fishing in the deep sea in areas beyond national jurisdiction has produced multiple problems related to management for conservation and sustainable use. Based on a growing concern, the United Nations has called on States to prevent significant adverse impacts to vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) in the deep sea. Although Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) guidelines for management were produced through an international consultative process, implementing criteria for designation of VMEs and recognition of such areas when encountered by fishing gear have been problematic. Here we discuss assumptions used to identify VMEs and current requirements related to unforeseen encounters with fishing gear that do not meet technological or ecological realities. A more precautionary approach is needed, given the uncertainties about the location of VMEs and their resilience, such as greatly reducing the threshold for an encounter, implementation of large-scale permanent closed areas, and prohibition of bottom-contact fishing.
RAV-Like1Maintains Brassinosteroid Homeostasis via the Coordinated Activation ofBRI1and Biosynthetic Genes in Rice
Authors: Je Byoung Il , Piao Hai Long , Park Soon Ju , Park Sung Han , Kim Chul Min , Xuan Yuan Hu , Park Su Hyun , Huang Jin , Do Choi Yang , An Gynheung , Wong Hann Ling , Fujioka Shozo , Kim Min-Chul , Shimamoto Ko , Han Chang-deok 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTemporal and spatial variation in the levels of and sensitivity to hormones are essential for the development of higher organisms. Traditionally, end-product feedback regulation has been considered as the key mechanism for the achievement of cellular homeostasis. Brassinosteroids (BRs) are plant steroid hormones that are perceived by the cell surface receptor kinase Brassinosteroid Insensitive1. Binding of these hormones to the receptor activates BR signaling and eventually suppresses BR synthesis. This report shows that RAVL1 regulates the expression of the BR receptor. Furthermore, RAVL1 is also required for the expression of the BR biosynthetic genes D2, D11, and BRD1 that are subject to BR negative feedback. Activation by RAVL1 was coordinated via E-box cis-elements in the promoters of the receptor and biosynthetic genes. Also, RAVL1 is necessary for the response of these genes to changes in cellular BR homeostasis. Genetic evidence is presented to strengthen the observation that the primary action of RAVL1 mediates the expression of genes involved in BR signaling and biosynthesis. This study thus describes a regulatory circuit modulating the homeostasis of BR in which RAVL1 ensures the basal activity of both the signaling and the biosynthetic pathways.
Megabase Level Sequencing Reveals Contrasted Organization and Evolution Patterns of the Wheat Gene and Transposable Element Spaces
Authors: Choulet Frédéric , Wicker Thomas , Rustenholz Camille , Paux Etienne , Salse Jérome , Leroy Philippe , Schlub Stéphane , Le Paslier Marie-Christine , Magdelenat Ghislaine , Gonthier Catherine , Couloux Arnaud , Budak Hikmet , Breen James , Pumphrey Michael , Liu Sixin , Kong Xiuying , Jia Jizeng , Gut Marta , Brunel Dominique , Anderson James A. , Gill Bikram S. , Appels Rudi , Keller Beat , Feuillet Catherine 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTo improve our understanding of the organization and evolution of the wheat (Triticum aestivum) genome, we sequenced and annotated 13-Mb contigs (18.2 Mb) originating from different regions of its largest chromosome, 3B (1 Gb), and produced a 2x chromosome survey by shotgun Illumina/Solexa sequencing. All regions carried genes irrespective of their chromosomal location. However, gene distribution was not random, with 75% of them clustered into small islands containing three genes on average. A twofold increase of gene density was observed toward the telomeres likely due to high tandem and interchromosomal duplication events. A total of 3222 transposable elements were identified, including 800 new families. Most of them are complete but showed a highly nested structure spread over distances as large as 200 kb. A succession of amplification waves involving different transposable element families led to contrasted sequence compositions between the proximal and distal regions. Finally, with an estimate of 50,000 genes per diploid genome, our data suggest that wheat may have a higher gene number than other cereals. Indeed, comparisons with rice (Oryza sativa) and Brachypodium revealed that a high number of additional noncollinear genes are interspersed within a highly conserved ancestral grass gene backbone, supporting the idea of an accelerated evolution in the Triticeae lineages.
Journal impact factors and the crisis of scholarly communication in Africa
Authors: Ezema Ifeanyi J. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to suggest ways of improving the quality of Nigerian journals so that they would have global visibility and impact.Design/methodology/approachThis is a literature‐based opinion paper which examines the implication of evaluating Nigerian academics using journal impact factors, despite its limitations, particularly to African scholars.FindingsRevelations from available literature point to the fact that the use of journal impact factors is not an objective method of research evaluation, particularly in developing country like Nigeria. However, evaluation of research outputs remains critical in the overall socio‐economic, scientific and technological growth of any society. The creation of institutional repositories that are compliant with open archives initiatives by the relevant institutions in Nigeria would to a very large extent address the problem of visibility of research outputs coming from the country.Practical implicationsAfrican scholars are disadvantaged by their work environment in the present global scholarly productivity. This paper proposes a number approaches to improve the quality and global visibility of Nigerian scholarly productivity so that journal impact factors should no longer be a parameter for research evaluation in the country.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper lies in the strategies proposed for improving the quality of journals in Nigeria.
Development failure and the resource curse: the case of Myanmar
Authors: Pick David , Htwe Thein Htwe 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine development failure in Myanmar and explore alternative ways forward.Design/methodology/approachThis research uses a variety of quantitative and qualitative data drawn from sources including newspaper and media accounts from inside and outside Myanmar, reports from NGOs and field observations. The data are analysed using a framework developed by combining the theoretical perspectives of the resource curse and governmentality.FindingsEvidence of developmental failure in Myanmar is found. The nation is in an economic, social and political mess due to the actions of an incompetent and corrupt robber regime that has misused and misappropriated much of the wealth being produced from the nation's large mineral and energy reserves. Action by the international community has so far proved ineffective in improving the situation.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation of this paper is the difficulty in obtaining accurate and reliable official economic and social indicators. However, it does illustrate the value of combining the resource curse thesis and governmentality for understanding development failure.Practical implicationsThis research has practical implications in that by illustrating the unsustainable nature of the “grabber governmentality” and providing an alternative “producer governmentality” it is clear that even the most authoritarian regimes are susceptible to change.Originality/valueThe resource curse thesis and governmentality have so far not been used together in the analysis of development. In this paper these concepts provide a way to critically examine the association between resource richness, poor governance and development failure.
Class awareness in Iceland
Authors: Aevar Oddsson Gudmundur 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study class awareness in Iceland in the wake of a national economic collapse.Design/methodology/approachThis comparatively oriented case study uses new survey data, secondary data on Iceland and 2005 World Values Survey data. The data are analyzed using a synthesis of Weber's theory of class and reference group theory.FindingsContrary to conventional wisdom, Icelanders are class‐aware. Most recognize and understand class terms, and are willing to assign themselves to a class. Consistent with Weber, Icelanders have fairly strong awareness of their class position, evidenced by a strong relationship between subjective class and economic class, on the one hand, and subjective class and class indicators, on the other. Consistent with reference group theory, a subjective “middle class” tendency is revealed across the class structure. Icelanders also have more of a “middle class” view of their class position and see it, on average, as higher than people in most other countries.Originality/valueNo systematic study of class awareness in Iceland has been carried out since the 1970s. What is more, cross‐national studies have never fielded subjective class questions in Iceland. This paper begins to rectify this omission. Lastly, a linkage of individualization and reference group processes is proposed to broaden the theoretical basis of studies of class awareness.
Characteristics of emergent innovation
Authors: Oster Gary 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to examine a possible new construct of corporate innovation behavior. It proposes consideration of corporate innovation activities that occur outside of traditional innovation program constraints, and seeks to expand the historical definition of what constitutes useful innovation in an organization.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is an early exploratory study and uses primary observation of numerous cases in the automotive, electronics, and energy industries, in addition to a wide review of the body of literature on innovation.FindingsThe paper provides significant evidence that unauthorized organic innovation may routinely occur within corporations, that this type of behavior may positively add to company revenues, and that similar innovation techniques may be effectively diffused on a broader scale within the organization.Research limitations/implicationsBecause of the chosen qualitative approach of this initial study, the research results lack generalisability. Preliminary findings merit additional study, and researchers are therefore encouraged to further refine and test the concepts.Practical implicationsThe paper includes implications for the further development of emergent innovation processes within corporations, which may ultimately lead to enhanced profits. It suggests that emergent innovation may be significantly important to long‐term corporate viability.Originality/valueThe paper fulfils an identified need to examine the impact of organic innovation that develops and thrives outside traditional approved corporate innovation strategies.