bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PW01-78 - Pharmacoeconomic Aspects Of Dementia Therapy
Authors: Gavrilova S. , Kalyn Y. , Gerasimov N. , Gantman M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveWe hypothesized that patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) not treated with anti-dementia therapy are institutionalized at the earlier AD stages compared to the ones who took nosotropic therapy timely.Methods100 outpatients with AD were treated with AChE-inhibitors in the Moscow Alzheimer's center. The controls were AD patients, hospitalized in gerontopsychiatric units of the Moscow Psychiatric Hospital №15 and not treated with anti-dementia drugs before.ResultsThe mean duration of dementia syndrome in the main group was 73.2±27.6 months compared to 21.6±13.2 months in the control group. The mean duration of the hospitalization in the control group proved to be 6.3±5.6 months (i.e. 29% of dementia syndrome duration). We suggest, that without the antidementia therapy patients of the main group could be hospitalized also for 29% of the duration of dementia syndrome (≥ 21.2 months). The cost of one bed day in Moscow hospitals in 2009 year is 31.2 EUR, thus total expenses for a hospital treatment of one patient with AD for 21.2 months would be 19902.6 EUR (given). The expenses for a treatment of one patient in out-patient clinic for 21.2 months excluding medical staff salary range from 1605.3 EUR (memantine) to 2422 EUR (AChE-inhibitors). Therefore, treatment of AD patients in outpatient clinic instead of hospitalization allows to save 17480.6-18297.3 EUR for public health service budget for each patient.ConclusionLong-term anti-Alzheimer therapy allows to postpone institutionalization. Economic expenses resulted from AD-patients institutionalization more than 8 times exceed the cost of the appropriate therapy in outpatient clinic.
PW01-79 - Effect Of Memantine Treatment In Cognitive And Behavioral Symptoms Of Alzheimer Disease Patients
Authors: Tzebeliikos E. , Makri E. , Traiforos V. , Tsigas G. , Giailoglou D. , Parashos I. 
Published: June 2010

PurposeThis study investigated the efficacy of memantine alone or in combination for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a naturalistic setting, specifically for the cognitive and behavioural symptom domains.MethodsOpen-label, 6-month observational study, conducted at 110 sites in Greece. Efficacy was based on the MMSE and NPI scales at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Statistical analysis was made on a modified intent-to-treat dataset (ITT: at least one valid post-baseline measurement) using last observation carried forward (LOCF), and observed cases (OC, defined as patients assessed at all 3 visits).Results1,469 patients were enrolled. Their mean age was 75.7±6.5 years and the majority were women (52.7%). At baseline the average scores were 17.6 (±5.3) for the MMSE and 30.6 (±25.9) for the NPI. 285 patients (19.4%), received combination treatment (a second AD medication) during the observation period.Both cognitive and behavioral symptoms were improved at the end of the study, as measured by the MMSE and NPI scales (repeated measures analysis of variance Hotelling's test, p-value< 0.001, both ITT, LOCF and OC analyses). After 3 and 6 months, cognitive function improved for 50.3% and 55.8% of the patients (ITT, LOCF), while behavioral symptoms improved for 56.8% and 62%, respectively.Memantine was well tolerated, with 3.5% (52) of patients withdrawing from the study for any reason and 7.6% reporting adverse events.ConclusionMemantine treatment resulted in significant improvement of cognitive and behavioral symptoms in patients with AD and was well tolerated based on patient withdrawals.
PW01-82 - Validation Of The Spanish Version Of The Demqol System
Authors: Lucas-Carrasco R. , Gómez-Benito J. , Rejas J. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundDementia disorders are associated with poor quality of life of patients. Generic tools have been shown to hardly capture main aspects of these conditions. The aim was to validate the Spanish version of the two dementia-specific health-related quality of life scales that make up the DEMQOL system: DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy.MethodsOne-hundred-nineteen subjects with dementia according to DSM-III-R/DSM-IV, and their caregivers from six centers participated in the study. The following patient-reported information was obtained by interview: demographics, subjective perception of health, comorbidity, depressive symptoms (GDS-15), functional ability (Barthel Index), and generic (WHOQOL-BREF) and dementia-specific (DEMQOL) health-related quality of life. Proxy-reported information about the patient's quality of life was obtained by interview of a family caregiver using the DEMQOL-Proxy.ResultsThe Spanish version of DEMQOL showed good psychometric properties. Acceptability was good, with 5% missing information. Internal consistency (Cronbach alpha=0.85) and test-retest reliability (ICC=0.71) were also good. A priori associations between DEMQOL and the psychological and physical domains of the WHOQOL-BREF, the GDS-15 and the Barthel Index were supported, indicating good construct validity. Associations between DEMQOL-Proxy and the measures mentioned were weaker. The factor solution for the Spanish version of DEMQOL showed a three factor solution that accounted for 44.4% of the total variance; and a four-factor solution for DEMQOL- Proxy that accounted for 53.3% of the total variance.ConclusionAs per the results found, the Spanish version of DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy are reliable and valid in patients with mild/moderate dementia who are living at home.
PW01-86 - Are Men From Mars And Women From Venus In Subjects With Cognitive Impairment?
Authors: Pujol-Riera C. , Roca A. , Rodriguez R. , Rodriguez D. , Rey A. , Benlloch L. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionNeuropsychiatric symptoms are common in subjects with cognitive impairment (mild cognitive impairment and dementia). It is also widely known that there are many cognitive differences between men and women. The aim of this study is to describe the neuropsychiatric profile of elderly subjects visited in a dementia unit and to estimate the gender differences in this sample.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study in a sample of outpatients visited for the first time in a specialized dementia unit during 2008. The clinical and socio-demographic characteristics were compiled through a structured interview and neuropsychiatric tests. Yesavage scale was used for depression assessment and psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using NPI-Q test.Results144 subjects were analyzed, 72.2% were women (n=104) and 27.8% were men (n=40). Mean age at diagnosis was 79.15 +/− 6.58 years. Mean score in Yesavage was higher in women (4.34) than in men (3.9) although not statistically significant. Male subjects showed greater anxiety and aggressiveness than women (p< 0.05) analyzed with NPI-Q. Prior to the first assessment interview 73.6% of the subjects had used psychiatric drugs: women were found to take more SSRI (12,5% vs 5%) while men were using more benzodiazepines (22,5% vs 14,4%) although not statistically significant.ConclusionsWe have found that anxiety and aggressiveness defines male neuropsychiatric profile in our sample. More results pointed towards other different features defining genders although not statistically significant. Further studies, with larger samples and more exhaustive assessment, are needed to determine sex differences in subjects with cognitive impairment.
PW01-87 - Deficits Of Spatial And Task-Related Attentional Selection In Mild Cognitive Impairment And Alzheimer'S Disease
Authors: Redel P. , Bublak P. , Sorg C. , Kurz A. , Förstl H. , Müller H.J. , Schneider W.X. , Finke K. 
Published: June 2010

Accumulating evidence suggests that deficits of visual selective attention may already occur at early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) like the prodromal phase of mild cognitive impairment (MCI).Our study investigated visual selective attention in amnestic MCI and probable AD patients compared to healthy elderly controls. Groups were matched for age, gender and education. In combination with Bundesen's ‘theory of visual attention’, two mathematically independent and quantitative parameter estimates were derived from a partial report of briefly presented letter arrays: top-down control of attentional selection, representing task-related attentional weighting for prioritizing relevant visual objects, and spatial distribution of attentional weights across the left and right hemifield.Compared to controls, MCI patients showed significantly reduced top-down controlled selection which further deteriorated in AD subjects. Moreover, attentional weighting was significantly unbalanced across hemifields in MCI and tended to be more lateralized in AD. The majority of patients was biased to the left. Across MCI and AD patients, carriers of the apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele (ApoE4) revealed a leftward spatial bias. The leftward bias was the more pronounced the younger the ApoE4-positive patients and the earlier disease onset. ApoE4-negative subjects showed balanced attentional weighting.These results indicate that impaired top-down control may be linked to early dysfunction of fronto-parietal cortico-cortical networks. Accompanying, an early interhemispheric asymmetry in temporo-parietal cortical interactions might cause a pathological spatial bias. As the inheritance of ApoE4 is associated with asymmetric parietal metabolism, a pathological spatial bias may function as early cognitive marker for detecting probable AD subjects.
PW01-93 - The Effects On The Level Of Intestinal Endotoxemia In Alzheimer Disease Rats
Authors: Wang F. , Han D. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThe objective of the present study was to explore the level of intestinal endotoxemia (IETM) in the model of Alzheimer disease's rats which were established by D-galactose and aluminum trichloride (AlCl3).MethodsAdult Wistar rats were subjected to 90 days of intraperitoneal injection with D-galactose and AlCl3 to establish the Alzheimer disease's model. After the administration, the study and memory ability of the Alzheimer disease's rats were observed by Morris water maze; The level of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the sera of Alzheimer disease's rats was determined by tachypleus amebocyte lysate method; The level of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) in the sera of Alzheimer disease's rats were determined by radioimmunity method;ResultsCompared with the normal control, the level of LPS, TNF-α and IL-1 in the sera of Alzheimer disease's rats were markedly increased (P< 0.01).ConclusionsThe model of Alzheimer disease's rats which were established by D-galactose and AlCl3 is accompanied IETM.
PW01-102 - Ethnic Differences On The Knowledge, Attitude And Beliefs Towards Mental Illness In A Traditional Fast Developing Country
Authors: Ghuloum S. , Bener A. 
Published: June 2010

AimThe aim of study is to determine ethnics differences related to the knowledge, attitude and beliefs towards Mental Health Illness in a traditional fast developing country.DesignA cross-sectional survey.SettingPrimary Health Care (PHC) Centers.Subjects: A representative sample of 3000 Qatari and other Arab expatriates above 20 years of age and 2514 subjects (83.8%) expressed their consent to study.MethodsA specific questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and beliefs towards mental health illness.ResultsAmong the 2514 studied subjects, 50.3% were Qataris’(males 39.8% and females 60.2%) and 49.7% were Arab expatriates (58.6% males and 41.4% females). 50.6% Qatari and 44.5% Arabs believe that mental illness could be the result of punishment from God or, thought as it was due to the possession of evil spirits (40.5% Qatari's and 37.6% Arabs). More than half of Qatari's and Arabs think that psychiatric medication will cause addiction and consider mental illness as dangerous. 75.3% of Qatari's and 83.4% of Arabs respondents had no problem to visit a Psychiatrist for their emotional problem, and 42.3% of Qatari's and 36.4% of Arabs agreed to visit a healer for their problem. Less than half of the population are disturbed to work with someone who has mental illness and are afraid if anybody with mental illness are staying in next door. The common mental illness among Qatari's and Arab Populations described are: schizophrenia, depression, autism, anxiety, epileptic, obsession, and other reported mental illnesses.ConclusionPeople's knowledge and attitude about understanding the mentally sick were of negative impact.
PW01-105 - Epidemiology Of Mental Disorders In Factory Workers In Chahar-Mahal Bakhtiary Province Of Islamic Republic Of Iran
Authors: Palahang H. , Zarean J. , Solati K. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to determine the prevalence rate of mental disorders in factory workers in Chahar-Mahal Bakhtiary province of Islamic Republic of Iran.MethodsFollowing a pilot study and determination of cut-off point for the SRQ-24 Questionnaire, the study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage 503 subjects were administered the questionnaire and in the second stage, 148 subjects who had scores equal to or higher than the cut-off point were assessed by a clinical interview checklist based on DSM-IV diagnostic criteria.ResultsResults showed that the prevalence of mental disorders was 19.9% (females 23.4% and males 19.1%).The most prevalent disorders were anxiety disorders (7.7%) and mood disorders (7%) followed by somatoform disorders (2.4%) and adjustment disorders (1.4). The finding also indicated that the prevalence of mental disorders among technical workers, semi-skilled workers and unskilled workers were 22.6%, 20.4%, and 18.6%, respectively.ConclusionThese findings emphasize the responsibility of the health policy makers for prevention, treatment and medical education for mental health in factories.
PW01-107 - Prevalence Of Maternal Depression In A Paediatric Clinic: A Study From A Low Income Country
Authors: Parveen A. , Ali I. , Husain M. , Farhan S. , Bhatia M.R. , Rehman R. , Ansari S. , Jaffery F. , Rahman A. , Chaudhry I.B. , Husain N. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionDepression is a global public health problem with highest rates in women in low income countries including Pakistan. Paediatricians may be a resource to help with maternal depression. Little is known in low income countries about the prevalence of depression and its social correlates in mothers of children attending paediatric clinics.MethodsUsing cross-sectional design consecutive women attending the paediatric clinic were screened using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (n=185). Women scoring 12 or more (n=70) and a random sample of low scorers (n=16) were interviewed using the Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R) to confirm the diagnosis of depression, the Oslo scale was used to measure social stress and EQ-5D for health related quality of life.ResultsThe prevalence of maternal depression was 51%. The mean age of the sample was 26 years. Depressed mothers were more likely to be living in a joint family household, they were less educated and they and their husbands were less likely to be employed. The depressed mothers had more financial difficulties and they were more likely to sleep hungry during the last month due to financial problems. The depressed mothers had less social support and poorer quality of life compared to non depressed mothers.ConclusionMaternal depression in this health care setting is high and it is associated with social stress and poor social support. Paediatric appointments may be an opportunity for care and care delivery for maternal depression.
PW01-108 - Adhd Symptoms Prevalence In Ambulatory Young Patients Diagnosed Of Other Psychiatric Disorders: Ghost Study Results
Authors: Ramos-Quiroga J.A. , Casas-Brugue M. , Caballero-Correa M. , Martinez-Jimenez P. ,   on behalf of the Ghost Study Group
Published: June 2010

IntroductionAttention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children (5.29%) worldwide, and highly comorbid with other psychiatric disorders.ObjectivesTo evaluate ADHD symptoms prevalence/frequency in young ambulatory patients diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders.MethodsNon-interventional, multicentre, and cross-sectional, retrospective study. Patients aged 15-24 having a primary diagnosis of: Substance Use (SUD), Borderline personality (BPD), Anxiety (AD), Affective, Antisocial Personality (APD), or Conduct Disorders(CD) or Bulimia, giving inform consent were included (not previously treated/diagnosed with ADHD). ADHD symptoms prevalence was captured following DSM-IV criteria and moderate ADHD symptoms was considered as scoring >24 in the ADHD RS (DuPaul).Results795 patients meeting in- and exclusion criteria were analyzed in the study. Mean age was 21.12 (SD: 2.64), and the majority were men (57.5%).A probable ADHD diagnosis (6 or more DSMIV symptoms and ADHD RS moderate symptoms) was apparent in: 40.3% of SUD patients, 23.7% of AD, 21.7% of Affective Disorders, 30.3% of Bulimia, 48.3% of BPD, 41.7% of CD and 57.1% of APD. Moreover, patients with SUD (ODD: 1.54) and BPD (ODD: 2.2) had significantly more risk vs. rest of population studied of having moderate ADHD symptoms. Also, patients having a probable ADHD diagnosis were significantly rated more severe in the GCI-Severity scale than the rest of population studied.ConclusionsThis cross-sectional study showed that ADHD symptoms are highly prevalent in young ambulatory patients diagnosed primarily with other psychiatric disorders, what seems to worse patient outcome if not diagnosed/managed on time. ADHD comorbidity risk varied significantly depending on the primary diagnosis.
PW01-120 - Mental Health, Treatment Response And Utilization Among Iraqi Refugees As Compared To Non-War Exposed Arab Immigrants
Authors: Arnetz B. , Ventimiglia M. , Makki H. , Mahmoud R. , Jamil H. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAlthough refugees are at an increased risk to suffer from mental disorders, as compared to other immigrants, little is known about possible differences in treatment response and service utilization.MethodsThe current study includes data from two separate samples of Iraqi refugees and Arab immigrants. Prevalence of physician-diagnosed mental disorders along with treatment response and utilization data was collected from medical records or by surveys. Data was collected from 307 refugees and 326 immigrant controls.ResultsThe prevalence of depression was significantly greater in refugees as compared to immigrants (54% vs. 26%; p< .001). There were no differences between groups in diagnosed anxiety disorders. In addition, self reported complaints of depression (33% vs. 3.1%; p< .001), anxiety (20% vs. 4%; p< .001), and sleep difficulties (15% vs. 2%; p< .001) were more prevalent among refugees than immigrants. In general, treatment response was poor for both groups; however, for longer term patients, treatment response was significantly better (44% recovery vs. 15% recovery; p< .001) for immigrants than refugees. Typical common psychosomatic symptoms were more prevalent and associated with increased health care utilization in refugees as compared to immigrants.ConclusionsResults suggest that treatment offered to refugees is far from effective. There is a need to review health systems factors in order to promote cost-effective and timely mental health services for refugees, not least with the current influx of Iraqi refugees commonly suffering from mental and adjustment disorders.
PW01-121 - A Comparison Of Involuntary Admissions To An Independent Psychiatric Hospital Before And After The Irish 2001 Mental Health Act
Authors: Clancy M. , Clarke M. , Lane A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe Irish Mental Health Act (MHA) 2001 brings Irish health legislation into line with the European Convention for the protection of Human Rights.It replaced the older 1945 Act.The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the MHA 2001 on involuntary admissions to a private psychiatric hospital before and after its implementation.MethodsAll involuntary patients admitted to the hospital over a 3 year period for 2 years before and 1 year after the act was introduced were included.A retrospective case note review was undertaken.Data collected included number of days as an involuntary patient and discharge diagnosis.Data was analysed using SPSSv14.ResultsA total of 204 patients files were examined. 94 and 70 patients were admitted in the 2 years before the introduction of the MHA, this fell to 40 admissions in the year after the MHA.The mean number of days that patients were involuntarily admitted for 2 years before the Act was 68.6, this fell to 24.9 days in the year after the act, p value < .001.The percentage of involuntary patients with a diagnosis of dementia fell and the percentage of admissions with schizophrenia and BPAD increased.ConclusionThere was a considerable reduction in the number of involuntary admissions and average length of stay after the introduction of the 2001 MHA.More bed numbers may be needed for acute adult admissions and less for long stay admissions.Patients human rights have been improved by the new act which is a positive consequence.
PW01-127 - Relationship Between Affect And Short-Term Life Satisfaction: Considering Activation And Balance Of Affect
Authors: Sasaki M. , Yamasaki K. , Uchida K. , Katsuma L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between affect and short-term life satisfaction (LS) taking into account the dimension of activation for positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) and the balance of PA and NA.MethodsThe study included 398 students (184 men and 214 women) who completed six questionnaires three of which were used for another study. The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule was utilized for assessing activated PA and NA. Two subscales of the Multiple Mood Scale were used to measure deactivated PA and NA, and the Short-term Life Satisfaction Scale for LS. Correlation analyses and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to mainly examine the relationships between affect balance (PA-NA and PA/NA) and LS.ResultsThe results of correlation analyses showed that LS was positively associated with affect balance in both activated and deactivated dimension. Additionally, the hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed a significant interaction between activated PA and NA, which indicated that the relationship between activated PA and LS in women was strengthened when the level of activated NA was relatively lower.ConclusionThe findings in this study suggested that students who have stronger PA compared to NA might feel high LS in both activated and deactivated dimension. Moreover, it was suggested that the profitable effect of activated PA on LS in women would be larger when their activated NA was relatively weakened.