bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Retained Hardware on Failure Among Prosthetic Joint Infections of the Knee in the Presence and Absence of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Kim Justin J , Kang HeeEun , Stewart Kathleen O 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The risk of failure associated with different surgical strategies for prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) among patients with and without Staphylococcus aureus is uncertain. The purpose of this study was to assess whether S. aureus modifies the association between retained hardware and failure following revision surgery for PJI of the knee.

Methods
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of 106 first PJIs of the knee between 2016 and 2020 at a rural academic medical center. The exposure was retained hardware following revision surgery for PJI, and the outcomes were recurrent infection, any infection, and a composite outcome including any infection, unplanned revision, failure to undergo reimplantation, amputation, or death within 2 years of revision. We used negative binomial regression to quantify the association between the exposure and outcome and to assess the presence of S. aureus as an effect modifier.

Results
Retained hardware was significantly associated with failure when defined as recurrent infection among S. aureus PJI (adjusted risk difference [aRD], 0.38; 95% CI, 0.12–0.64) but not in the absence of S. aureus (aRD, −0.02; 95% CI, −0.17 to 0.13), and S. aureus was an effect modifier (Pinteraction = .01).

Conclusions
We report a significant association between the presence of retained hardware and recurrent infection among S. aureus PJI of the knee, but not for non–S. aureus PJI. This could help inform the surgical management of PJI of the knee in cases where the microbiology is known before surgery.
The Case for Banning Cousin Marriage
Authors: Nash Patrick S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article presents the universal case for banning cousin marriage regardless of jurisdiction or culture. It is intended both as a resource—the relevant facts and opposing arguments will be set out plainly for reference purposes—and a legal argument which seeks to demonstrate that the weight of evidence concerning this poorly understood practice supports outright prohibition. Accordingly, the article is divided into five parts. The introduction briefly outlines the key controversies within the field of comparative consanguinity law and signposts the way forward. There follows an examination of the modern definition and distribution of cousin marriage to establish its current prevalence and key trends, before an explanation of the consequences resulting from its practice and factors contributing to consanguineous preferences. The article then takes an analytical turn to assess five common arguments against banning cousin marriage proceeding from, respectively, (i) human rights, (ii) prejudice, (iii) custom, (iv) choice, and (v) proportionality. Having factored in the relevant medical, social, historical, and geopolitical evidence throughout, it concludes by arguing the case in favour of a ban with specific proposals as to its justification and recommended scope, substance, and implementation.
Care for children and youth with cerebral palsy (GMFCS levels III to V)
Authors: McLeod Scott , Makino Amber , Kawamura Anne 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disability in Canadian children. The comprehensive care of ambulatory children with CP functioning at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level I and II was covered in a previous practice point. This companion document focuses on the care of children with CP functioning at GMFCS levels III to V. Children functioning at GMFCS level III and IV mobilize using devices such as a walker, canes, or powered mobility, while those functioning at GMFCS level V require assisted mobility, such as a manual wheelchair. An overview of key concepts in early detection, rehabilitation services, and therapeutic options for children with CP at these levels is provided, along with practical resources to assist health surveillance for paediatricians caring for this population.
Health consequences of disasters: Advancing disaster data science
Authors: Colf Leremy A , McAleavy Tony 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding the health effects of disasters is critical for effective preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. However, research is negatively impacted by both the limited availability of disaster data and the difficulty of identifying and utilizing disaster-specific and health data sources relevant to disaster research and management. In response to numerous requests from disaster researchers, emergency managers, and operational response organizations, 73 distinct data sources at the intersection of disasters and health were compiled and categorized. These data sources generally cover the entire United States, address both disasters and health, and are available to researchers at little or no cost. Data sources are described and characterized to support improved research and guide evidence-based decision making. Current gaps and potential solutions are presented to improve disaster data collection, utilization, and dissemination.
Comparative genome analysis reveals driving forces behind Monkeypox virus evolution and sheds light on the role of ATC trinucleotide motif
Authors: Agarwal Preeti , Shukla Nityendra , Bhatia Ajay , Mahfooz Sahil , Narayan Jitendra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Monkeypox (MPOX), a zoonotic disease originating in Western and Central Africa in 1970, has seen a recent surge in outbreaks across 100+ countries. A comparative analysis of 404 Monkeypox virus (MPXV) genomes revealed notable changes in microsatellite abundance and density, especially within Clades I, IIa, and IIb. Each clade exhibited unique microsatellite motifs, with twenty-six conserved loci specific to MPXV, suggesting their potential as molecular markers in diagnostics. Additionally, nine genes in the MPXV genome featured ten variable hotspot microsatellite regions associated with surface protein synthesis and host control. Notably, gene OPG153, especially at the SSR locus ‘(ATC)n’, exhibited the most pronounced variations among lineages over time and plays a role in virus pathogenesis within the host cell. These findings not only enhance our understanding of MPXV unique molecular profile but also offer valuable insights into potential pathogenic and evolutionary implications.
Holistic Wellness Support Systems for Nursing Faculty: A Scoping Review of the Literature
Authors: Black Ipuna Estavillo , Perry LaTricia , Lee Hyunhwa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

AIM
This scoping literature review was conducted to determine what is currently known about holistic wellness support systems (HWSSs) for nursing faculty.

BACKGROUND
The nurse faculty shortage has contributed to the national nursing shortage. Providing nurse faculty an HWSS may help grow the faculty pipeline.

METHOD
Five electronic databases and Google Scholar were searched using key words related to the research question. Literature published from 2003 to 2023 was included. Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews were used to conduct this review.

RESULTS
The search strategy found 1,525 potential publications; five articles were included in the review. The five wellness support systems strived to create a more cohesive, positive, and healthy work environment for nurse faculty.

CONCLUSION
This review provides a solid inventory of nursing faculty wellness support systems and identifies gaps in areas of wellness and research that could be supported.
Surgical Arthroscopy With Intra-articular Hyaluronic Acid/Alginate Adjunct in the Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis
Authors: Bridges Tiffany N. , McCahon Joseph A. , Parekh Selene G. 
Published: May 2024

Ankle osteoarthritis is a debilitating condition, resulting in severe pain and limited function. Patients who fail conservative management may pursue arthroscopic debridement or advanced reconstructive procedures. Biological adjuncts such as hyaluronic acid can be used alone or in conjunction with surgical intervention. Their use alone has been shown to improve pain and function. We present a surgical technique using a hyaluronic acid-alginate adjunct, VersaWrap, during arthroscopic treatment of ankle osteoarthritis.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Systematic overview of intraosseous access versus intravenous delivery for emergency resuscitation: Efficacy and quality of existing evidence
Authors: Zhang Jiange , Ren Ying , Han Xu , Zou Qi , Liu Weihua , Guo Yunfei , Han Shuyu , Cheng Yanwei , Zang Shuting 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The impact of intraosseous (IO) access on resuscitation outcomes, as compared to intravenous (IV) administration, is subject to ongoing debate. This review aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the methodological, reporting, and evidence quality of existing Systematic Reviews/Meta-Analyses (SRs/MAs) on IO use during resuscitation.

Methods:
Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a strategic literature search to identify pertinent SRs/MAs published up until May 6th, 2023. After an extensive screening process, 4 SRs/MAs were included for review. We used the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2 tool for assessing methodological quality, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist for evaluating reporting quality, and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework for examining the quality of evidence.

Results:
The assessment revealed high methodological quality across all the included SRs/MAs but showed significant variability in the quality of evidence. The studies offered conflicting findings on the impact of IO access on resuscitation outcomes such as return of spontaneous circulation, survival rates at hospital discharge, and favorable neurological outcomes. Some studies suggested an association of IO access with poorer outcomes, while others indicated no significant difference between IO and IV routes.

Conclusions:
Despite the perceived utility of IO access when IV access is unachievable, the impact of IO on survival, return of spontaneous circulation, and neurological outcomes remains ambiguous due to the inconsistency in the existing evidence. This review underscores the critical need for more rigorous and consistent primary research in this area to strengthen clinical guidelines and improve patient outcomes.
Efficacy and safety of Huangkui capsule for diabetic nephropathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yuandong , Wu Cui , Song Chaoqun , Liu Shilin , Nan Zheng 
Published: May 2024

Background:
To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huangkui capsule (HKC) in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Methods:
A computerized search of 8 online databases, CNKI, VIP, WANGFANG, CBM, ChiCTR, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, was conducted from the time of database construction to June 23, 2023, and randomized controlled trials of HKC for the treatment of DN were included according to the predefined screening criteria. Literature quality was evaluated with the help of Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and data were analyzed by STATA/MP17 and RevMan 5.3 software.

Results:
A total of 1543 articles were retrieved, and 45 studies were finally included, all in Chinese, with a total sample size of 4297 cases, including 2168 cases in the experimental group and 2129 cases in the control group, and the quality of all the included studies was generally low. Meta-analysis showed that (1) efficacy: effective rate: [relative risk = 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) (1.20, 1.29), P < .001], SCR: [standard mean difference (SMD) = −1.19, 95% CI (−1.47, −0.91), P < .001], 24 h-UTP: [SMD = −1.27, 95% CI (−1.66, −0.88), P < .001]. Other renal function, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, and inflammatory factors related indicators improved compared with the control group. But in the outcome index of estimated glomerular filtration rate, the addition of HKC did not have an advantage over conventional treatment alone. Estimated glomerular filtration rate: [SMD = −0.21, 95% CI (−0.80, 0.39), P = .50]. (2) Safety: There was no statistical significance in the incidence of adverse reactions between the study group with the addition of HKC and the control group.

Conclusion:
The clinical efficacy and safety of DN treated with the combination of HKC is better than that of conventional western medicine alone, but to better evaluate the efficacy and safety of HKC as an adjunctive intervention for DN, more rigorously designed large-sample, multicenter randomized controlled trials are needed to provide evidence support in the future.
MAVMET trial: maraviroc and/or metformin for metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease in adults with suppressed HIV
Authors: McCabe Leanne , Burns James E. , Latifoltojar Arash , Post Frank A. , Fox Julie , Pool Erica , Waters Anele , Santana Beatriz , Garvey Lucy , Johnson Margaret , McGuinness Ian , Chouhan Manil , Edwards Jonathan , Goodman Anna L. , Cooke Graham , Murphy Claire , Collaco-Moraes Yolanda , Webb Helen , Gregory Adam , Mohamed Fatima , Rauchenberger Mary , Ryder Stephen D. , Sandford Chris , Baker Jason V. , Angus Brian , Boesecke Christoph , Orkin Chloe , Punwani Shonit , Clark Andrew , Gilson Richard , Dunn David , Pett Sarah L. ,   the MAVMET Study group‡
Published: May 2024

Objective:
Metabolic dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is over-represented in people with HIV (PWH). Maraviroc (MVC) and/or metformin (MET) may reduce MAFLD by influencing inflammatory pathways and fatty acid metabolism.

Design:
Open-label, 48-week randomized trial with a 2 x 2 factorial design.

Setting:
Multicenter HIV clinics.

Participants:
Nondiabetic, virologically suppressed PLWH, aged at least 35 years, with confirmed/suspected MAFLD (≥1 biochemical/anthropometric/radiological/histological features).

Intervention:
Adjunctive MVC; MET; MVC+MET vs. antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone.

Primary outcome:
Change in liver fat fraction (LFF) between baseline and week-48 using magnetic resonance proton density fat fraction (MR PDFF).

Results:
Six sites enrolled 90 participants (93% male; 81% white; median age 52 [interquartile range, IQR 47–57] years) between March 19, 2018, and November 11, 2019. Seventy percent had imaging/biopsy and at least one 1 MAFLD criteria. The analysis included 82/90 with week-0 and week-48 scans. Median baseline MR PDFF was 8.9 (4.6–17.1); 40, 38, 8, and 14% had grade zero, one, two, and three steatosis, respectively. Mean LFF increased slightly between baseline and follow-up scans: 2.22% MVC, 1.26% MET, 0.81% MVC+MET, and 1.39% ART alone. Prolonged intervention exposure (delayed week-48 scans) exhibited greater increases in MR PDFF (estimated difference 4.23% [95% confidence interval, 95% CI 2.97–5.48], P < 0.001). There were no differences in predicted change for any intervention compared to ART alone: MVC (-0.42% [95% CI -1.53 to 0.68, P = 0.45]), MET (-0.62 [-1.81 to 0.56, P = 0.30]), and MVC+MET (-1.04 [-2.74 to 0.65, P = 0.23]). Steatosis grade remained unchanged in 55% and increased in 24%.

Conclusion:
Baseline levels of liver fat were lower than predicted. Contrary to our hypothesis, neither MVC, MET, or the combination significantly reduced liver fat as measured by MRPDFF compared to ART alone.
Nonsyndromic Craniosynostosis Correlation Between Ethnicity, Race, and Pattern of Affected Suture Type: Meta-Analysis
Authors: Benaroch David , Brozynski Martina , Seyidova Nargiz , Oleru Olachi , Agandi Lorreen , Abu El Hawa Areeg A. , Taub Peter J. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Previous studies have sought to analyze risk factors associated with craniosynostosis and while syndromic craniosynostosis is often linked to genetic mutations, the factors impacting nonsyndromic cases are less investigated. The aim of current meta-analysis is to evaluate the relationship between ethnicity and suture type in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis patients.

Methods:
The search term “craniosynostosis [Title/Abstract] AND (race [Title/Abstract] OR ethnicity [Title/Abstract])) NOT (syndrome [Title/Abstract])” was used to search the PubMed, Cochrane, and MEDLINE databases. Analyses were conducted separately for each racial and ethnic group for each suture type cohort. Odds ratios were conducted for each suture cohort and confounders were adjusted using linear mixed-effect models. Because of the homogeneity of the populations and categorical nature of the classification, binary logistic regression was run on aggregate data.

Results:
The literature search yielded 165 articles. After reviewing titles, abstracts, and manuscript contents of these articles, 5 studies were ultimately included in a meta-analysis. Studies with missing data for a particular cohort or variable were excluded from the respective analysis. Hispanic children had higher odds of sagittal suture involvement (OR: 1.53, P<0.001), whereas Asian had coronal suture (OR: 2.47, P<0.001). Both Asian and African American children had significantly lower odds of sagittal suture involvement (OR: 0.50, P<0.001 and OR: 0.7, P=0.04, respectively).

Conclusion
The relationship between ethnicity and craniosynostosis has been suggested as a risk factor, but without definitive conclusion. Present meta-analysis findings demonstrated association between ethnicity and suture type, however further research with larger scale and geographically varied data is warranted.
Perception of Rhinoplasty Outcome Utilizing Patients’ Photography
Authors: Assiri Hassan , Alfaleh Moath , AlEnazi Abdulaziz , Alarfaj Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Patient satisfaction with rhinoplasty results is evaluated in a manner of subjective and qualitative values, and to a certain degree, it can indicate successful outcomes in rhinoplasty.

Methods:
The present study was a descriptive study that assessed the rhinoplasty outcome of adult patients who underwent septorhinoplasty between January 2015 and August 2023 at a single center in Saudi Arabia utilizing Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation scores and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scores pre-operatively, postoperatively, and postoperatively with showing the patients their photo before surgery.

Results:
The comparison of Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation scores and Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scores showed statistically significant with P value of 0.000 when comparing these scores pre-operatively, postoperatively, and postoperatively with showing the patient their photos before surgery.

Conclusion:
Presenting patients with pre-operative images may help them recognize changes in their clinical appearance and, consequently, score higher on the postoperative satisfaction scale. It can help the surgeon to increase patient satisfaction postoperatively.
INSTINCT: Multi-sample integration of spatial chromatin accessibility sequencing data via stochastic domain translation
Authors: Liu Yuyao , Li Zhen , Chen Xiaoyang , Cui Xuejian , Gao Zijing , Jiang Rui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent advances in spatial epigenomic techniques have given rise to spatial assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (spATAC-seq) data, enabling the characterization of epigenomic heterogeneity and spatial information simultaneously. Integrative analysis of multiple spATAC-seq samples, for which no method has been developed, allows for effective identification and elimination of unwanted non-biological factors within the data, enabling comprehensive exploration of tissue structures and providing a holistic epigenomic landscape, thereby facilitating the discovery of biological implications and the study of regulatory processes. In this article, we present INSTINCT, a method for multi-sample INtegration of Spatial chromaTIN accessibility sequencing data via stochastiC domain Translation. INSTINCT can efficiently handle the high dimensionality of spATAC-seq data and eliminate the complex noise and batch effects of samples from different conditions through a stochastic domain translation procedure. We demonstrate the superiority and robustness of INSTINCT in integrating spATAC-seq data across multiple simulated scenarios and real datasets. Additionally, we highlight the advantages of INSTINCT in spatial domain identification, visualization, spot-type annotation, and various downstream analyses, including motif enrichment analysis, expression enrichment analysis, and partitioned heritability analysis.
Upregulation of FasII underlies synergistic neuropathological and behavioral defects in aDrosophilamodel of myotonic dystrophy
Authors: Koon Alex Chun , Winnie Yeung Ka Yee , Leong Lok I , Chen Zhefan Stephen , Peng Shaohong Isaac , See Fung Joyce Man , Wu Yitao , Armstrong Noah S. , Bargiela Ariadna , Moreno Nerea , Poyatos Javier , Vilchez Juan , Magneron Paul , Huguet Aline , Brewer Cassandra Kussius , Beck Erin Savner , Artero Rubén , Gomes-Pereira Mário , Gourdon Genevieve , Budnik Vivian , Frank C. Andrew , McCabe Brian D. , Chan Ho Yin Edwin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMyotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder that has been extensively studied for decades, yet our understanding of its neuropathological aspect remains rudimentary. In this study, we characterized a novel model of DM1 neuropathology by expressing untranslated expandedCUGrepeats at theDrosophilalarval neuromuscular junction. In this model, both pre- and postsynaptic expression ofCUGrepeats participate to induce reduction of synaptic boutons, increase of arbor disassembly and impairment of larval locomotor activity. We found that the expression ofCUGrepeats caused an upregulation of the cell adhesion molecule, FasII (NCAM1 in mammals), in both the motor neurons and the body wall muscles. Knockdown offasIIwas sufficient to rescue bouton numbers and locomotor impairment in this model. Further analyses identified the upregulation of the FasII-C isoform as a major contributor of these phenotypes. Remarkably, overexpressing the FasII-A-PEST+ isoform rescued the synaptic and behavioral defects, likely by outcompeting the upregulated FasII-C. Our study provided the foundation for a basic mechanism of synapse dysregulation in DM1.
Development and optimization of expected cross value for mate selection problems
Authors: Ahadi Pouya , Balasundaram Balabhaskar , Borrero Juan S. , Chen Charles 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we address the mate selection problem in the hybridization stage of a breeding pipeline, which constitutes the multi-objective breeding goal key to the performance of a variety development program. The solution framework we formulate seeks to ensure that individuals with the most desirable genomic characteristics are selected to cross in order to maximize the likelihood of the inheritance of desirable genetic materials to the progeny. Unlike approaches that use phenotypic values for parental selection and evaluate individuals separately, we use a criterion that relies on the genetic architecture of traits and evaluates combinations of genomic information of the pairs of individuals. We introduce theexpected cross value(ECV) criterion that measures the expected number of desirable alleles for gametes produced by pairs of individuals sampled from a population of potential parents. We use the ECV criterion to develop an integer linear programming formulation for the parental selection problem. The formulation is capable of controlling the inbreeding level between selected mates. We evaluate the approach for two applications: (i) improving multiple target traits simultaneously, and (ii) finding a multi-parental solution to design crossing blocks. We evaluate the performance of the ECV criterion using a simulation study. Finally, we discuss how the ECV criterion and the proposed integer linear programming techniques can be applied to improve breeding efficiency while maintaining genetic diversity in a breeding program.