bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How do pediatric anesthesiologists define intraoperative hypotension?
Authors: NAFIU OLUBUKOLA O. , VOEPEL‐LEWIS TERRI , MORRIS MICHELLE , CHIMBIRA WILSON T. , MALVIYA SHOBHA , REYNOLDS PAUL I. , TREMPER KEVIN K. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryIntroduction:  Although blood pressure (BP) monitoring is a recommended standard of care by the ASA, and pediatric anesthesiologists routinely monitor the BP of their patients and when appropriate treat deviations from ‘normal’, there is no robust definition of hypotension in any of the pediatric anesthesia texts or journals. Consequently, what constitutes hypotension in pediatric anesthesia is currently unknown. We designed a questionnaire‐based survey of pediatric anesthesiologists to determine the BP ranges and thresholds used to define intraoperative hypotension (IOH).Methods:  Members of the Society of Pediatric Anesthesia (SPA) and the Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists (APA) of Great Britain and Ireland were contacted through e‐mail to participate in this survey. We asked a few demographic questions and five questions about specific definitions of hypotension for different age groups of patients undergoing inguinal herniorraphy, a common pediatric surgical procedure.Results:  The overall response rate was 56% (483/860), of which 76% were SPA members. Majority of the respondents (72%) work in academic institutions, while 8.9% work in institutions with fewer than 1000 annual pediatric surgical caseload. About 76% of respondents indicated that a 20–30% reduction in baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP) indicates significant hypotension in children under anesthesia. Most responders (86.7%) indicated that they use mean arterial pressure or SBP (72%) to define IOH. The mean SBP values for hypotension quoted by SPA members was about 5–7% lower across all pediatric age groups compared to values quoted by APA members (P = 0.001 for all age groups).Conclusions:  There is great variability in the BP parameters used and the threshold used for defining and treating IOH among pediatric anesthesiologists. The majority of respondents considered a 20–30% reduction from baseline in SBP as indicative of significant hypotension. Lack of a consensus definition for a common clinical condition like IOH could have implications for patient care as well as future clinical research.
Addressing the Legitimacy Gap in the Israeli Corporatist Revival
Authors: Mundlak Guy 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSince the mid‐1980s, Israel's labour law and industrial relations have transitioned from a Continental corporatist system to an Anglo‐American pluralist system. The process has been characterized by greater fragmentation of the labour market and the system of interests' representation. However, in recent years, there have been several episodes of nationwide collective agreements and social pacts. These agreements resonate with a second generation of social corporatist bargaining that has been identified in some European countries. In this article, I question the legitimacy of the new agreements. The legitimacy gap evolves from the use of corporatist instruments against the backdrop of a pluralist system. I discuss the attempts to increase the legitimacy of the corporatist instruments, pointing to their limited success. Future attempts must consider solutions that track the hybrid nature of the industrial relations system and devise institutions that bring together the traditional corporatist social partners and the new pluralist agents. Of particular importance is the need to consider the role of the new associations in civil society that voice the interests of the growing segment of disadvantaged workers in the secondary labour market.
Coping Strategies in Call Centres: Work Intensity and the Role of Co‐workers and Supervisors
Authors: Deery Stephen J. , Iverson Roderick D. , Walsh Janet T. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIt has been observed that customer service workers often develop mutually supportive coping strategies to protect themselves from the emotional strain of overwork. These strategies can receive tacit support from supervisors, who may accept them as a means of getting the work done. The study explores the impact of a number of different forms of support on emotional exhaustion among a group of 480 call centre workers focusing, in particular, on the role of supportive behaviours relating to absence taking. The research shows that a supportive co‐worker absence culture and team leader absence permissiveness can lessen the effects of job demands on emotional exhaustion and improve worker well‐being. The implications of these findings are discussed.
ABORTION AND HUMAN CAPITAL ACCUMULATION: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION
Authors: Azarnert Leonid V. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTThis article analyzes the relationship between abortion and female education. It provides new empirical evidence from sub‐Saharan Africa to show that more liberal abortion policies are associated with a higher female secondary school enrollment. It is assumed in the model that easier access to abortion decreases probability of dropping out of school for a female child in the case of an occasional pregnancy. As a consequence, it enhances parental investment in human capital of their female offspring and helps to reduce the gender gap in education.
ROBUST ESTIMATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM EXCHANGE RATES WITHIN THE G20: A PANEL BEER APPROACH
Authors: Bénassy‐Quéré Agnès , Béreau Sophie , Mignon Valérie 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTThis paper is concerned with the robustness of equilibrium exchange rate estimations based on the BEER approach for a set of both industrial and emerging countries. The robustness is studied in four directions, successively. First, we investigate the impact of using alternative proxies for relative productivity. Second, we analyze the impact of estimating the equilibrium equation on one single panel covering G20 countries, or separately for G7 and non‐G7 countries. Third, we measure the influence of the choice of the numeraire on the derivation of bilateral equilibrium rates. Finally, we study the temporal robustness of the estimations by dropping one or 2 years from the estimation period. Our main conclusion is that BEER estimations are quite robust to these successive tests, although at one point of time misalignments can differ by several percentage points depending on the methodology. The choice of the productivity proxy is the most sensible one, followed by the country sample. In contrast, the choice of the numeraire and the time sample have a relatively limited impact on estimated misalignments.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND CAPITAL ACCUMULATION: FIRM‐LEVEL EVIDENCE FROM ITALY
Authors: Rondi Laura , Elston Julie Ann 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the impact of investor protection on firm ownership and capital growth in a model where investor protection is allowed to vary between firms. Using panel data for Italy, we construct firm‐level variables to capture the degree of investor protection, which is observable to all shareholders. Empirical evidence indicates that the stronger the investor protection the lower the fraction of equity that is owned by insiders. Results show that higher insider equity ownership is linked to larger risk premiums and higher costs of capital. Implications suggest that the magnitude of capital stock distortions is particularly important when shareholder protection is weak and ownership concentration is high.
Matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Niebroj‐Dobosz I. , Janik P. , Sokołowska B. , Kwiecinski H. 
Published: October 2009

Background and purpose:  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the pathogenesis of motor neuron degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We investigated the expression of MMPs and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlating the results with age, disease duration and the clinical course.Methods:  The material consisted of 30 ALS patients and 15 age‐matched healthy controls. ELISA method to determine the expression of MT‐MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐9, TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 in serum and CSF was used. MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 by zymography was also tested.Results:  In serum MT‐MMP‐1, MMP‐2, MMP‐9 and TIMP‐1 expression was increased, especially in mild ALS cases. TIMP‐2 values were normal. In CSF MT‐MMP‐1, MMP‐2 and TIMP‐1 level was either increased or normal, that of MMP‐9 was decreased. TIMP‐2 did not change. No correlation of MMPs and TIMP‐1 expression in serum and CSF and the age of the patients was found. A correlation was observed between MMPs and TIMPs and disease duration.Conclusions:  Increased level of MMPs and TIMP‐1 of ALS patients may reflect the degeneration process of motor neurons and skeletal muscles and/or is associated with tissues remodeling. The low level of MMP‐9 in CSF may result from impaired balance between MMP‐9 and TIMP‐1 and/or its increased intrathecal degradation and physical clearance. Although the role of changed MMPs/TIMPs level in the pathogenesis of ALS is not clear their analysis in serum may be used as prognostic factor and a potential marker for monitoring treatment effects.
Facilitating Emergency Care Research Networks: Integration into the Clinical Translational and Science Award (CTSA) Infrastructure
Authors: Hollander Judd E. , Gaulton Glen N. , Courtney D. Mark , Lewis Roger J. , Lowe Robert A. , Becker Mark O. , Neumar Robert W. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEmergency care research (ECR) does not fit neatly into the traditional National Institutes of Health (NIH) funding model, because emergency research involves undifferentiated disease presentations involving multiple disciplines and time‐sensitive interventions. A task force of emergency care researchers and other stakeholders was convened to discuss the present and future state of clinical research networks. Integration of ECR with the Clinical Translational and Science Award (CTSA) program through a multidisciplinary emergency care research network (ECRN) would obviate the duplication of research efforts by disease‐specific or institute‐specific multicenter networks and reduce startup and maintenance costs. Strategies to enhance integration must include the training of emergency physician investigators in biostatistical and epidemiologic methods, as well as educating collaborative investigators in emergency care–related methodologies. Thus, an ECRN would be of great benefit to CTSA awardees and applicants and should be considered a priority.
Industry Relations With Emergency Medicine Graduate Medical Education Programs
Authors: Kowalenko Terry , Char Douglas , Marco Catherine , Asher Shellie , Raja Ali , Farrell Sue , Sokolove Peter E. ,   for the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Graduate Medical Education, Ethics, and Industry Relations Committees
Published: October 2009

AbstractA panel of physicians from the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Graduate Medical Education (GME), Ethics, and Industry Relations Committees were asked by the SAEM Board of Directors to write a position paper on the relationship of emergency medicine (EM) GME with industry. Using multiple sources as references, the team derived a set of guidelines that all EM GME training programs can use when interacting with industry representatives. In addition, the team used a question–answer format to provide educators and residents with a practical approach to these interactions. The SAEM Board of Directors endorsed the guidelines in June 2009.
Different Mechanisms of Recognition and ER Retention by Transmembrane Transcription Factors CREB‐H and ATF6
Authors: Llarena Marta , Bailey Daniel , Curtis Helen , Hare Peter O’ 
Published: October 2009

Abstract CREB‐H and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) are transmembrane transcription factors that, in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, traffic to the Golgi where they are cleaved by specific proteases, producing the N‐terminal domains that effect appropriate transcriptional responses. We show that unlike in ATF6 whose lumenal tail binds BiP and contains determinants for stress sensing and Golgi transport, in CREB‐H the lumenal tail is not involved in ER retention, not required for Golgi transport and does not bind BiP. The main determinant for CREB‐H ER retention resides in a membrane‐proximal cytoplasmic determinant that is conserved in related members of the CREB‐H family, but lacking in ATF6. We refine requirements within the ER‐retention motif (ERM) and show that ERM‐ve variants exhibited constitutive Golgi localization and constitutive cleavage by the Golgi protease, S1P. The ERM also conferred ER retention on a heterologous protein. Furthermore, deletion of the lumenal tail of CREB‐H had no effect on ER retention of parental CREB‐H or Golgi localization of ERM‐ve variants. Importantly, when the lumenal tail of ATF6 was transferred into an ERM‐ve variant, the chimera was now retained in the ER. Together, these data demonstrate novel and qualitatively distinct mechanisms of trafficking and stress signalling in CREB‐H compared to ATF6.
Stoned
Authors: Phillips A. Marie , Ramaswami Mani , Kelly Leonard E. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract The stoned proteins, stoned A (STNA) and stoned B (STNB), are essential for normal vesicle trafficking in Drosophila melanogaster neurons, and deletion of the stoned locus is lethal. Although there is a growing body of research aimed at defining the roles of these proteins, particularly for STNB where homologues have now been identified in all multicellular species, their functions and mechanisms of action are not yet established. The two proteins are structurally unrelated, consistent with two distinct cellular functions. The evidence suggests a critical requirement for stoned proteins in recycling/regulation or specification of a competent synaptic vesicle pool. As stoned proteins may be specific to a particular pathway of endocytosis, studies of their function are likely to be valuable in distinguishing between the different mechanisms of membrane retrieval and their respective contributions to synaptic vesicle recycling, a subject of considerable scientific debate. In this review, we examine the published literature on stoned and comment on the available data, conclusions from these analyses and how they may relate to alternative models of vesicle cycling.
Esthetic Rehabilitation of Maxillary Incisors in Conjunction with Flapless Surgical Techniques, an Implant Zirconia Crown, and Porcelain Veneers
Authors: MAHN DOUGLAS H. , POLACK MARIANO A. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTEsthetic replacement of a maxillary central incisor using a dental implant can be a challenging task. The hard and soft tissues must be managed in a way that minimizes the risk of tissue loss, while preserving and/or regenerating full interdental papillae. In order to achieve this, flapless surgical techniques have been developed. Advances in dental materials have led to the introduction of zirconia abutments and crowns that can be synergistically combined with other ceramic materials. This article describes a case in which a hopeless maxillary central incisor is replaced with an implant using flapless techniques, and restored with a customized zirconia abutment and crown. In addition, the remaining maxillary incisors were restored with feldspathic porcelain veneers to yield a highly esthetic result.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThis case demonstrates how a conservative multidisciplinary approach facilitates excellent results in an esthetically demanding area. Atraumatic surgical techniques can maintain the natural soft tissue architecture, while a detailed approach to provisional and final restorations allows for a highly esthetic smile.
Re‐anatomization of Anterior Eroded Teeth by Stratification with Direct Composite Resin
Authors: REIS ALESSANDRA , HIGASHI CRISTIAN , LOGUERCIO ALESSANDRO DOURADO 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acids are chronically regurgitated into the esophagus and oral cavity, resulting in the irreversible erosion of tooth structure. The dentist often is the first health care professional to identify the affected dentition. Restorative treatment should be accomplished after management of the systemic condition. Dental treatment improves the patient's oral hygiene, reduces thermal sensitivity, prevents pulpal involvement and further abrasion, and esthetics are improved. This article presents a case report where dental erosion was present because of GERD. Conservative dental treatment of the eroded dentition is described, including diagnosis, treatment planning, bleaching, and restorative reconstruction with direct composite layering techniques without any preparation of the tooth structure. After 1 year of clinical service, the restored teeth present an excellent clinical appearance and require no repair or polishing.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe treatment of eroded teeth, caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), with direct composite resin appears to be a conservative and esthetic procedure that is well accepted by patients. However, this treatment can be carried out only after complete management of the causes of the GERD.
Clinical Trial Assessing Light Enhancement of In‐office Tooth Whitening
Authors: KUGEL GERARD , FERREIRA SUSANA , SHARMA SHRADHA , BARKER MATTHEW L. , GERLACH ROBERT W. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTObjective:  Evaluate a light‐enhanced in‐office tooth whitening system in order to assess tooth color and safety.Methods:  Thirty‐three adults were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups. Professional treatment involved application of a 25% H2O2 gel (Discus Dental ZOOM!) with light enhancement, H2O2 gel alone, or the light alone with no peroxide. The 12 anterior teeth were treated three times for 20 minutes each. Efficacy was measured objectively as L*a*b* color change using digital images, tooth shade was measured, and safety was evaluated immediately after treatment and at posttreatment days 7 and 30.Results:  After adjusting for baseline and age, immediate (end‐of‐treatment) means (SE) for Δb* (yellowness) were –3.1 (0.25) for the gel + light, –2.0 (0.25) for the gel‐only group, and –2.4 (0.25) for the light‐only group. Significant (p < 0.05) color rebound was evident at posttreatment day 7. By day 30, adjusted means (SE)for Δb* were –1.7 (0.20) for the gel + light group, –1.1 (0.20) for the gel‐only group, and –0.5 (0.20) for the light‐only group. Both peroxide groups differed significantly (p < 0.05) from light alone on Δb* and ΔL*. In the gel + light group, 91% of subjects experienced tooth sensitivity, the majority of which was moderate or severe. Adverse events were low in the light‐only group.Conclusion:  Use of light enhancement for in‐office whitening leads to immediate color change, after which there was significant color and shade rebound within 7 days as well as moderate‐to‐severe tooth sensitivity during and after treatment.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEIncreased tooth sensitivity during treatment and appreciable short‐term color rebound after treatment may impact the utility of in‐office tooth whitening with peroxide and light as a stand‐alone esthetic procedure.
The ubiquitin‐like protein monoclonal nonspecific suppressor factor β conjugates to endophilin II and regulates phagocytosis
Authors: Nakamura Morihiko , Shimosaki Shunsuke 
Published: October 2009

Monoclonal nonspecific suppressor factor β (MNSFβ) is a ubiquitously expressed member of the ubiquitin‐like family that has been implicated in various biological functions. Previous studies have demonstrated that MNSFβ covalently binds to the intracellular proapoptotic protein Bcl‐G in cells of the macrophage cell line Raw264.7, suggesting involvement of this ubiquitin‐like protein in apoptosis. In this study, we purified a 62 kDa MNSFβ adduct from murine liver lysates by sequential chromatography on DEAE and anti‐MNSFβ IgG‐conjugated Sepharose. MALDI‐TOF MS fingerprinting revealed that this MNSFβ adduct consists of an 8.5 kDa MNSFβ and endophilin II, a member of the endophilin A family. MNSFβ may conjugate to endophilin II with a linkage between the C‐terminal Gly74 and Lys294. We confirmed this result by immunoprecipitation/western blot studies. Endophilin II was ubiquitously expressed in various tissues, although a truncated form was observed in liver. The 62 kDa MNSFβ–endophilin II was specifically expressed in liver and macrophages. Small interfering RNA‐mediated knockdown of endophilin II and/or MNSFβ promoted phagocytosis of zymosan in Raw264.7 cells. Conversely, cotransfection of endophilin II and MNSFβ cDNAs inhibited the phagocytosis of zymosan. Such inhibition was not observed in cells expressing a mutant of endophilin II in which Lys294 was replaced by arginine. These results suggest that the post‐translational modification of endophilin II by MNSFβ might be implicated in phagocytosis by macrophages.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7261558, MINT‐7261537, MINT‐7261546: MNSF beta (uniprotkb:P35545) physically interacts (MI:0915) with Endophilin‐2 (uniprotkb:Q62419) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006)
Accumulation of polyubiquitinated proteins by overexpression of RBCC protein interacting with protein kinase C2, a splice variant of ubiquitin ligase RBCC protein interacting with protein kinase C1
Authors: Yoshimoto Nobuo , Tatematsu Kenji , Okajima Toshihide , Tanizawa Katsuyuki , Kuroda Shun’ichi 
Published: October 2009

The nuclear–cytoplasmic shuttling protein RBCC protein interacting with protein kinase C1 (RBCK1) possesses transcriptional and ubiquitin ligase activities. We have recently reported that RBCC protein interacting with protein kinase C2 (RBCK2), a RING–in‐between‐RING fingers domain‐lacking splice variant of RBCK1, lacks transcriptional activity, but rather represses the RBCK1‐mediated transcriptional activity as a cytoplasmic tethering protein for RBCK1. In this study, we have found that RBCK2 overexpressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells interacts with the polyubiquitin chain and the polyubiquitin‐interacting subunit S5a, and significantly increases the intracellular amount of polyubiquitinated proteins. These results strongly suggested that RBCK2 functions as an adaptor protein for the polyubiquitinated protein and the S5a subunit in 26S proteasome through its novel zinc finger motif and ubiquitin‐like domain, respectively, presumably delivering the polyubiquitinated proteins to the entrance of the 26S proteasome catalytic domain for degradation.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7261426: S5a (uniprotkb:P55036) binds (MI:0407) to Rbck1 (uniprotkb:Q62921) by pull down (MI:0096)
MINT‐7261435: S5a (uniprotkb:P55036) physically interacts (MI:0915) with Rbck1 (uniprotkb:Q62921) by anti bait coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0006)
MINT‐7261448: S5a (uniprotkb:P55036) physically interacts (MI:0915) with Rbck1 (uniprotkb:Q62921) by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0007)
MINT‐7261462: Rbck1 (uniprotkb:Q62921) physically interacts (MI:0915) with Ubiquitin (uniprotkb:P62988) by anti tag coimmunoprecipitation (MI:0007)
MINT‐7261503: S5a (uniprotkb:P55036) binds (MI:0407) to Ubiquitin (uniprotkb:P62988) by pull down (MI:0096)
MINT‐7261477: Rbck1 (uniprotkb:Q62921) binds (MI:0407) to Ubiquitin (uniprotkb:P62988) by pull down (MI:0096)