bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot study of a three‐step diagnostic pathway for young and old patients with Parkinson's disease dementia: screen, test and then diagnose
Authors: Robben Sarah H. M. , Sleegers Monique J. M. , Dautzenberg Paul L. J. , van Bergen Floor S. , ter Bruggen Jan‐Pieter , Rikkert Marcel G. M. Olde 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo pilot a three‐step diagnostic model for young and old patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD).MethodsProspective investigator‐blinded study. We developed a screening questionnaire for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and their caregivers. Further, patients were subjected to three screening instruments (Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination‐revised (ACE‐R) and a detailed neuropsychological examination (NPE). Based on the NPE, patients were divided in a PD (without dementia) and a PDD‐group.ResultsForty‐one PD patients, aged 37–94 years, participated in this study. Patients were divided in a young group, ≤65 (n = 22) and an old group >65 years (n = 19). In the young group (PDD, n = 5) the patient‐screening questionnaire predicted PDD with a sensitivity/specificity of 100.0%/94.1%; in the old group (PDD, n = 10) the proxy‐screening questionnaire predicted PDD with a sensitivity/specificity of 88.9%/66.7%. In the young group, ACE‐R had the largest Area Under the Curve (AUC) 0.88 (0.70–1.00), in the old group MoCA (AUC 1.00). However, the three instruments did not differ significantly.ConclusionsIt seems feasible and efficient to use three consecutive diagnostic steps for PDD: (1) a screening questionnaire, (2) if positive: MoCA, FAB or ACE‐R as screening instrument and (3) if positive: a detailed NPE for diagnosing PDD. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are abnormal premorbid personality traits associated with Alzheimer's disease? ‐ A case‐control study
Authors: Nicholas Helen , Moran Paul , Foy Catherine , Brown Richard G. , Lovestone Simon , Bryant Stephanie , Boothby Harry 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association between premorbid personality traits, social networks and AD, using a case‐control design, and two informant‐based retrospective assessments of premorbid personality.MethodsCases consisted of 217 Subjects diagnosed with probable late onset Alzheimer's disease (160 females and 57 males). Recruitment was from both community and nursing home settings. Controls consisted of 76 unaffected siblings (44 females and 32 males) of patients with AD. Both cases and controls received informant ratings of premorbid personality.ResultsA selection of abnormal personality traits were over represented in the AD group. AD was particularly associated with Cluster A personality disorder traits (Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal). AD cases had correspondingly sparser social networks.ConclusionsThere is an association between abnormal personality traits and AD. Individuals with AD also appear to have had lower levels of social interactivity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Health status and suicide in the second half of life
Authors: Conwell Yeates , Duberstein Paul R. , Hirsch Jameson K. , Conner Kenneth R. , Eberly Shirley , Caine Eric D. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the associations of suicide in the second half of life with medical and psychiatric illness, functional limitations, and reported use of inpatient, ambulatory, and home health care services.MethodA retrospective case‐control design was used to compare 86 people over age 50 years who died by suicide with a comparison group of 86 living community participants that were individually matched on age, gender, race, and county of residence.ResultsSuicide decedents had more Axis I diagnoses, including current mood and anxiety disorders, worse physical health status, and greater impairment in functional capacity. They were more likely to have required psychiatric treatment, medical, or surgical hospitalization in the last year, and visiting nurse or home health aide services. In a multivariate model, the presence of any active Axis I disorder and any impairment in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) made independent contributions to suicide risk.ConclusionsMental illness, physical illness, and associated functional impairments represent domains of risk for suicide in this age group. In addition to individuals with psychiatric illness, those with severe or comorbid physical illness and functional disability who require inpatient and home care services should be targeted for screening and preventive interventions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A model to predict the cost‐effectiveness of disease management programs
Authors: Gandjour Afschin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractHigh costs and deficits in the care of patients with chronic diseases have triggered numerous programs to improve the quality and efficiency of treatment of chronic diseases. Decision makers need to estimate the impact of a disease management program (DMP) on long‐term costs and cost‐effectiveness in order to decide which programs to introduce. This prediction, however, requires formalizing the relations between a variety of variables. The purpose of this paper is to formalize these relations and develop a model that enhances the quality of predictions of the costs and cost‐effectiveness of a DMP. The model's cost function is able to portray a reduction both of treatment overuse and underuse by improving both physician and patient compliance. The model's applicability is demonstrated by a simulated DMP for patients with hypertension. The application example shows that implementation costs may have a larger financial impact than downstream costs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SCHIP premiums, enrollment, and expenditures: a two state, competing risk analysis
Authors: Marton James , Ketsche Patricia G. , Zhou Mei 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFaced with state budget troubles, policymakers may introduce or increase State Children's Health Insurance Program (SCHIP) premiums for children in the highest program income eligibility categories. In this paper we compare the responses of SCHIP recipients in a state (Kentucky) that introduced SCHIP premiums for the first time at the end of 2003 with the responses of recipients in a state (Georgia) that increased existing SCHIP premiums in mid‐2004. We start with a theoretical examination of how these different policies create different changes to family budget constraints and produce somewhat different financial incentives for recipients. Next we empirically model the impact of these policies using a competing risk approach to differentiate exits due to transfers to other eligibility categories of public coverage from exiting the public health insurance system. In both states we find a short‐run increase in the likelihood that children transfer to lower‐ income eligibility/lower‐premium categories of SCHIP. We also find a short‐run increase in the rate at which children transfer from SCHIP to Medicaid in Kentucky, which is consistent with our theoretical model. These findings have important financial implications for state budgets, as the matching rates and premium levels are different for different eligibility categories of public coverage. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modelling health and output at business cycle horizons for the USA
Authors: Narayan Paresh Kumar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper we employ a theoretical framework – a simple macro model augmented with health – that draws guidance from the Keynesian view of business cycles to examine the relative importance of permanent and transitory shocks in explaining variations in health expenditure and output at business cycle horizons for the USA. The variance decomposition analysis of shocks reveals that at business cycle horizons permanent shocks explain the bulk of the variations in output, while transitory shocks explain the bulk of the variations in health expenditures. We undertake a shock decomposition analysis for private health expenditures versus public health expenditures and interestingly find that while transitory shocks are more important for private sector expenditures, permanent shocks dominate public health expenditures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adolescent depression and educational attainment: results using sibling fixed effects
Authors: Fletcher Jason M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper contributes to the literature on the relationship between adolescent depression and educational attainment in several ways. First, while cross‐sectional data are normally used, this paper uses longitudinal data in order to defend against the potential of reverse causality. Second, this is the first paper in the literature to control for sibling‐fixed effects in examining the relationship between adolescent depressive symptoms and human capital accumulation. Importantly, this eliminates omitted factors such as family and neighborhood characteristics common to siblings that affect both depressive symptoms and educational attainments (e.g. neighborhood crime, and family resources). Third, this paper examines the effects of both an indicator and scale of depressive symptoms and finds important associations with these depressive symptoms and human capital accumulation. Though the results cannot be given a causal interpretation, the findings show a negative relationship between depressive symptoms and years of schooling. The relationship appears to be driven primarily through increasing the chances of dropping out but may have small impacts on the likelihood of college attendance (conditional on high school graduation). In particular, preferred estimates suggest that a standard deviation increase in depressive symptoms is associated with a 25–30% increase in the likelihood of dropping out. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subjective sleep, depression and anxiety: inter‐relationships in a non‐clinical sample
Authors: Mayers Andrew G. , Grabau Emma A. S. , Campbell Christine , Baldwin David S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectivesPrevious research confirms the interdependent relationship between poor sleep and depression, but has often focused on objective measures of sleep and overlooked the importance of subjective factors. Insomnia may be maintained by anxiety and perceptions of poor sleep timing, and depression is associated with poor sleep satisfaction, regardless of perceived sleep timing.MethodsThis study explored the contribution of current depression and anxiety to sleep perceptions. Participants (n = 98) completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, and questionnaires were used to evaluate current and previous psychiatric illness, sleep disorders and prescribed psychotropic medication.ResultsA series of ANOVAs and regression analyses indicated that variance in sleep timing perceptions was more likely to be explained by symptoms of anxiety than depression; explained variance (adj. R2) 25%, t = 2.361; p = 0.023. The analyses also showed that sleep satisfaction perceptions (adj. R2 = 20%, t = 3.085; p = 0.004), and those relating to overall quality of life (adj. R2 = 37%, t = −2.763; p = 0.013), were more likely to be explained by symptoms of depression.ConclusionsThese findings support the observation that anxiety appears related to poorer sleep timing perceptions, while depression appears associated with poor sleep satisfaction. Further research is needed to explore the factors that might maintain poor sleep satisfaction in depression. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The behaviour style observation system for young children predicts teacher‐reported externalizing behaviour in middle childhood
Authors: Martin‐Storey Alexa , Serbin Lisa A. , Stack Dale M. , Schwartzman Alex E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe Behaviour Style Observation System for Young Children (BSOS) was used to predict preschool‐aged children's externalizing and internalizing behaviour problems in middle childhood, 3–5 years after the initial assessment. This observational measurement tool was designed to sample and assess young children's disruptive, non‐compliant, and unresponsive behaviour, during a brief (11 min) observation in the child's home. In the current study, the BSOS was used to predict parent and teacher ratings of child behaviour problems after school entry in a longitudinal sample (N=81) of at‐risk children at time 2. The BSOS predicted teacher‐reported externalizing problems at time 2. In contrast, parent reports of behaviour problems, although correlated with repeated parent reports at time 2, were not significantly predictive of teacher‐reported behaviour problems at school age. The BSOS was not associated with either parent or teacher reports of internalizing problems. These findings emphasize the importance and utility of using observational measures when examining the continuity of behaviour problems in young children over time. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The role of ZIP8 down‐regulation in cadmium‐resistant metallothionein‐null cells
Authors: Fujishiro Hitomi , Okugaki Satomi , Kubota Keisuke , Fujiyama Tastuo , Miyataka Hideki , Himeno Seiichiro 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe mechanisms of cellular cadmium uptake in mammalian cells remain obscure. To solve this problem, we established cadmium‐resistant cells (A7 and B5) from metallothionein‐null mouse cells, and found that cadmium accumulation was markedly suppressed in these cells. DNA microarray and real‐time PCR analyses revealed that expressions of ZIP (Zrt‐, Irt‐related protein) 8 and ZIP14 were down‐regulated in A7 and B5 cells. In particular, both mRNA and protein levels of ZIP8 were markedly suppressed in A7 and B5 cells. Introduction of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) of ZIP8 into parental cells reduced the accumulation of cadmium to about 35% of that of mock‐transfected cells, whereas the introduction of shRNA of divalent metal transporter 1 hardly changed cadmium accumulation. Thus, the cadmium resistance in A7 and B5 cells may be conferred primarily by the down‐regulation of ZIP8. In mouse tissues, high expression of ZIP8 was noted in the liver, kidney, lung and testis. These data suggest that ZIP8 plays an important role in cellular uptake of cadmium. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhancement of Gluconobacter oxydans catalyzing D‐lactic acid production by coupling of synthesis and separation
Authors: Gao Keliang , Zhang Siliang , Wei Dongzhi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Gluconobacter oxydans was applied for enantioselective oxidation of racemic‐1,2‐propanediol. Accumulation of product in the biotransformation reactor inhibited the activity and enantioselectivity of oxidative enzymes, and it also led to overproduction of lactaldehyde as an intermediate of incomplete oxidation. It was important to improve the enzymatic activity and ee value of the chiral product.RESULTS: The coupling of biotransformation and separation was studied with an in situ product removal method. Anion exchange resin was applied to remove D‐lactic acid on line. The ee value achieved was 95% and product yield increased by 50%, compared with the control result without coupling system.CONCLUSION: Coupling of biotransformation and separation effectively decreased the free D‐lactic acid concentration in the system. Product inhibition of enzyme activity and enantioselectivity was reduced, and the ee value and product yield were improved. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
An overview of the mathematical modelling of liquid membrane separation processes in hollow fibre contactors
Authors: Bringas E , San Román MF , Irabien JA , Ortiz I 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLiquid membranes have traditionally been employed for liquid/liquid mass transfer and have found applications in industrial, biomedical and analytical fields as well as in hydrometallurgical processes, wastewater treatment and remediation of polluted groundwater. However, in spite of the known advantages of liquid membranes, there are few examples of industrial application. The development of reliable mathematical models and design parameters (mass transport coefficients and equilibrium or kinetic parameters associated with the interfacial reactions) is a necessary step for design, cost estimation, process optimisation and scale‐up. This work reports an overview of the different approaches that have been proposed in the literature to the mathematical modelling of liquid membrane separation processes in hollow fibre contactors providing, at the same time, a useful guideline to characterise the mass transport phenomena and a tool for the optimal design and intensification of separation processes. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
The effect of mechanical grinding on the mesoporosity of steam‐activated palm kernel shell activated carbons
Authors: Mak S.M. , Tey B.T. , Cheah K.Y. , Siew W.L. , Tan K.K. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Palm kernel shell activated carbon (OPSA) produced by steam gasification at high temperatures generally results in high surface areas of 1146 to 1600 m2 g−1, attributed to the high volume of micropores (0.43 to 0.56 cm3 g−1). The mesoporosity of naturally occurring activated carbons is observed to increase with decreasing particle size. Mechanical grinding was therefore performed to investigate its effect on the mesoporosity and microporosity of OPSA.RESULTS: Mechanical grinding had a strong effect on mesopore volume and average pore diameter, with an increase in mesopore volume from 47 to 66% as particle size decreases. Interestingly, no significant effect on the micropore fraction was observed in ground OPSA particles.CONCLUSIONS: The mechanically ground OPSA particles possessed dual adsorption capabilities due to the high microporosity and moderate mesoporosity contained in the structures. This results in interesting porosity behaviour of palm kernel shell activated carbons and the potential to provide materials of distinct sorption capacities with minimal treatment. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
On the consequences of placing amino groups at the TBP–DNA interface. Does TATA really matter?
Authors: Millán‐Pacheco César , Capistrán Víctor M , Pastor Nina 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe TATA‐box binding protein (TBP) belongs to a family of structural proteins involved in transcription in eukaryotic cells. TBP binds in the minor groove of DNA and recognizes specifically the consensus sequence: 5′ TATAWAWR 3′ (W = A or T). Recent reports show that the TATA‐box is only present in 10% of all human polymerase II promoters. Therefore, TBP must bind frequently to low affinity DNA sequences, possibly with help of other transcription factors. In order to understand the intramolecular and intermolecular interactions that lead to the consensus sequence preferred by TBP, we use high resolution crystallographic structures of cognate TBP–DNA complexes as templates onto which 16 dinucleotide repeating sequence DNA oligomers were built. The binding free energy of each complex was calculated using the Molecular Mechanics/Poisson–Boltzmann Solvent Accessible (MM‐PBSA) approximation. Parsing of the free energy components allowed us to identify the most important contributions to sequence selectivity: DNA deformation and the interaction energy between TBP residues and DNA bases, as expected. Surprisingly, poor interaction energies lead to larger deformation costs, suggesting strategies to improve affinity and selectivity. Local analysis of the TBP–DNA interface allowed us to build interaction and deformation energy tables that were used, without the need to fit their relative weights, to predict successfully both the consensus sequence for TBP, and relative binding affinities for a collection of TATA box variants. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structural studies on aryl‐substituted enaminoketones and their thio analogues. Part I. Analysis of high‐resolution 1H, 13C NMR and 13C CP MAS spectra combined with GIAO‐DFT calculations
Authors: Bugaj Marta , Baran Piotr A. , Bernatowicz Piotr , Brożek Patrycja , Kamieńska‐Trela Krystyna , Krówczyński Adam , Kamieński Bohdan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA series of aryl‐substituted enaminoketones and their thio analogues in CDCl3 solution and in the solid state were studied by the use of high‐resolution 1H and 13C as well as 13C cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP MAS) NMR spectra in combination with gauge including atomic orbitals‐density functional theory (GIAO‐DFT) calculations performed at the B3PW91/6–311 + + G(d,p) level of theory using the B3PW91/6‐311 + + G(d,p)‐optimized geometries. The analysis of the 13C NMR spectra in solution was done by using the Incredible Natural Abundance DoublE QUAntum Transfer Experiment (INADEQUATE) technique, whereas trends observed in the 13C shielding constants, calculated for the compounds studied, were a great help in assigning most of the signals in the 13C CP MAS NMR spectra. It was established on the basis of the experimental and theoretical NMR data that both groups of compounds exist in the form of Z‐s‐Z‐s‐E isomers in CDCl3 solution as well as in the solid state, with the NH hydrogen atom involved in intramolecular hydrogen bonding. This conclusion is in agreement with the fact that some of the compounds studied reveal liquid‐crystalline properties. Three‐bond H, H and C, H coupling constants measured in solution played a crucial role in the structure elucidation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving Mobile IPv6 handover and authentication in wireless network with E‐HCF
Authors: Wei Anne , Wei GouZhi , Dupeyrat Gerard 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMobile IP allows a mobile node to maintain a continuous connectivity to the Internet when moving from one access point to another. However, due to the link switching delay and to Mobile IP handover operations, packets designated to mobile nodes can be delayed or lost during the handover period. Moreover, every time a new attach point is confirmed, the mobile node, its home agent and its corresponding node must be authenticated mutually. This paper presents a new control function called Extended Handover Control Function (E‐HCF) in order to improve handover performance and authentication in the context of Mobile IPv6 over wireless networks. With an analytical model and some OPNET simulations, we show in this paper that our solution allows provision of low latency, low packet loss and mutual authentication to the standard handover of Mobile IPv6. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluid–structure interaction problems with strong added‐mass effect
Authors: Idelsohn S. R. , Del Pin F. , Rossi R. , Oñate E. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper, the so‐called added‐mass effect is investigated from a different point of view of previous publications. The monolithic fluid–structure problem is partitioned using a static condensation of the velocity terms. Following this procedure the classical stabilized projection method for incompressible fluid flows is introduced. The procedure allows obtaining a new pressure segregated scheme for fluid–structure interaction problems, which has good convergent characteristics even for biomechanical application, where the added‐mass effect is strong. The procedure reveals its power when it is shown that the same projection technique must be implemented in staggered FSI methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.