bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVIEW OF MITES OF THE GENUSMUCROSEIUS(ACARI: MESOSTIGMATA: ASCIDAE) ASSOCIATED WITH SAWYER BEETLES (CERAMBYCIDAE:MONOCHAMUSANDMECYNIPPUS) AND PINE WOOD NEMATODES [APHELENCHOIDIDAE:BURSAPHELENCHUS XYLOPHILUS(STEINER AND BUHRER) NICKLE], WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF SIX NEW SPECIES FROM JAPAN AND NORTH AMERICA, AND NOTES ON THEIR PREVIOUS MISIDENTIFICATION
Authors: Lindquist Evert E. , Wu King Wan 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSix new species ofMucroseiushaving adult females phoretic on adult sawyer beetles of the genusMonochamusare described:Mucroseius nipponensisandMucroseius squamosusfromMonochamus alternatusHope in Japan,Mucroseius algonquianfrom three species ofMonochamusin eastern Canada and eastern United States,Mucroseius disparisetusfromMonochamus titillator(Fabricius) in southeastern United States,Mucroseius CalifornicusfromMonochamus clamator(LeConte) in California, andMucroseius mexicanusfromMonochamus rubigineus(Bates) in Mexico.Mucroseius aciculatus(Ishikawa, 1968),new combination, fromMecynippus pubicornisBates in Japan, and the type-species,Mucroseius monochamiLindquist, 1962, from several species ofMonochamuswidely distributed in North America, are redescribed. Misidentifications of these species in the Japanese and North American literature are noted, and a key is given for these eight species. One adult female of an undescribed species found on a sawyer,Monochamus sutorLinnaeus, from Europe, is noted as possibly belonging toMucroseius.The taxonMucroseiusis redescribed, and its problematic status as a genus is reviewed. The phylogenetic position ofMucroseius, which appears to be derived within the genusProctolaelaps, is discussed. Previous observations on biological and ecological aspects ofMucroseiusmites, including those published in Japanese, are critically reviewed, with new data added for host ranges and specificities, distribution, phoretic behavior, occurrence in sawyer gallery systems, mode of reproduction, and their association with the pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus(Steiner and Buhrer) Nickle. Cheliceral structure and speculations on the feeding habits of these mites are discussed; however, feeding preferences have not been clarified.
PARASITISM OF RHINOCYLLUS CONICUS FROELICH (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN WYOMING
Authors: Littlefield J.L. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractRhinocyllus conicus Froelich was introduced into Wyoming in 1975 for the biological control of musk thistle, Carduus nutans L. A survey of 15 release sites was conducted in 1986 to determine parasitism of R. conicus. Eight species of parasitic Hymenoptera were identified. Parasitism of R. conicus infecting the flower heads of musk thistle was low (0.6%), but greater for weevils within the peduncles (17%). Parasitism varied among release sites, ranging from 0.0 to 1.3%, but was not significantly correlated with the duration of weevil establishment.
THE NEW WORLD GENUSSTENOMORPHUSDEJEAN (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE: HARPALINI): CLASSIFICATION, ALLOMETRY, AND EVOLUTIONARY CONSIDERATIONS
Authors: Ball George E. , Shpeley Danny , Currie Douglas C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAnalysis of structural features of adults (legs, proportions of prothorax, male genitalia, and ovipositor) establishes the hypothesis thatAnisocnemusChaudoir,TrichopselaphusChaudoir, andStenomorphusDejean comprise a monophyletic assemblage, named theStenomorphusgenus-group, withAnisocnemusthe adelphotaxon ofTrichopselaphus+Stenomorphus. Analysis of form of median lobe, armature of the internal sac, allometric trends in proportions of the prothorax and hind tibia, and chorological considerations, provide the basis for recognition of six species ofStenomorphusand postulation of their phylogenetic relationships, as follows:S.convexiorNotman {[S.penicillatusDarlington +S.sinaloaeDarlington] + [S.cubanusDarlington + (S.angustatusDejean +S.californicusMénétries)]}. Three monophyletic species-groups are recognized:S.convexior, includingS.convexior;S.sinaloae, includingS.penicillatusandS.sinaloae; andS.angustatus, includingS.cubanus,S.angustatus, andS.californicus. The namesStenomorphus dentifemoratusChaudoir, 1844 andStenomorphus aliusDarlington, 1936 are synonymized, andS.dentifemoratusDarlington, 1936 (not Chaudoir) is renamedS.darlingtoni. Morphometric and chorological features provide evidence for subspecific recognition, each taxon representing a new combination: forS.angustatus,S.a.angustatus,S.a.braziliensisDarlington, andS.a.dentifemoratusChaudoir; forS.californicus,S.c.californicus,S.c.rufipesLeConte,S.c.manniDarlington, andS.c.darlingtoniBall and Shpeley. Evolutionary trends postulated include development of allometry with respect to form of the prothorax and hind tibiae, correlated with sexual dimorphism. Driving forces are postulated to be associated with sexual selection and burrowing. The geographical history ofStenomorphusis reconstructed as follows, using the reconstructed phylogeny and chorological affinities interpreted against a background of geological and climatic events in Middle America, during the Late Cretaceous, and Tertiary and Quaternary Epochs: isolation in Middle America from its South American adelphotaxon of the ancestral stock ofStenomorphus; specialization for life in drier tropical forests and savannas; isolation and differentiation of taxa in response to cyclical climatic changes and mountain building; and over-water dispersal to, and isolation and differentiation in, the Greater Antilles. A key, figures of diagnostic features, descriptions of structural features and of geographical ranges (supplemented with maps) provide means of recognition of taxa.
COLD HARDINESS OF PHYTOSEIULUS PERSIMILIS ATHIAS-HENRIOT AND AMBLYSEIUS CUCUMERIS (OUDEMANS) (ACARINA: PHYTOSEIIDAE)
Authors: Morewood W.D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAspects of cold hardiness of Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot and Amblyseius cucumeris (Oudemans) were compared. Mean supercooling points (SCPs) ranged from −19.4 to −27.1°C and increased during development from egg to adult. Feeding status, diapause, and low temperature acclimation had little or no effect on supercooling capacity. Temperature/mortality curves confirmed that both species, including A. cucumeris in diapause, are freezing intolerant in the sense that the SCP represents the absolute limit to low temperature survival. However, the mites survived exposure to −12.5°C for less than 90 min. The results suggest that the SCP is directly related to body mass in these mites and that their ability to supercool is primarily a physical characteristic rather than an adaptation for survival of exposure to subzero temperatures.
NEW APHIDS IN CRETACEOUS AMBER FROM ALBERTA (INSECTA, HOMOPTERA)
Authors: Heie OLE E. , Pike E.M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractFossil aphids found in 13 pieces of Cretaceous Canadian amber from Alberta, age 73 million years, are described, and their morphologies, systematic positions, and biologies discussed: Cretamyzus pikei Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis electri Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis tuberculata Heie, sp.nov., Mesozoicaphis canadensis Heie, sp.nov., Mesozoicaphisparva Heie, sp.nov., Calgariaphis unguifera Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., Albertaphis longirostris Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov., and Campaniaphis albertae Heie, gen.nov. and sp.nov. Cretamyzus has been placed in a new family, Cretamyzidae, within the superfamily Aphidoidea, and the last four genera are placed in a new family, Mesozoicaphididae, within the superfamily Phylloxeroidea. It is contended that the origin and diversification of angiosperms occurred in the Cretaceous, resulting in extinction of several old specialized aphid groups feeding on gymnosperms while adaptive radiation of some less specialized and species-rich aphid groups occurred. The main part of the previously described Cretaceous aphids belongs to families that became extinct at the end of that period, and the fossils known from the beginning of the Tertiary already show a remarkably large resemblance to recent aphid fauna.
NEW NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES IN THE GENERA NEOTHREMMA AND FARULA, WITH HYPOTHESES ON PHYLOGENY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY (TRICHOPTERA: UENOIDAE)
Authors: Wiggins Glenn B. , Wisseman Robert W. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThree new species are described in the caddisfly family Uenoidae: Neothremma prolata, from Hood River County, Oregon; Neothremma mucronata from Lassen County, California; and Farula constricta from Multnomah County, Oregon. Following examination of the holotypes of several species, misinterpretation of the male genitalia morphology of Farula wigginsi Denning is corrected, leading to the recognition of that name as a junior synonym of F. petersoni Denning. Interpretation of male genitalic morphology in the original description of F. geyseri Denning is revised. Phylogenetic relationships are inferred from male genitalic morphology for the species of Neothremma and Farula. Biogeographic patterns of the species in both genera are highly congruent with the phylogenies.
FORECASTING THE EFFICACY OF OPERATIONAL BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS BERLINER APPLICATIONS AGAINST SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA CLEMENS (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE), USING DOSE INGESTION DATA: INITIAL MODELS
Authors: Fleming Richard A. , van Frankenhuyzen Kees 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSingle aerial applications of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) to control infestations of the eastern spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clemens) have had varied operational success. Double applications are too expensive for general use, but might prove useful if directed to areas where the initial application was unsuccessful. This requires forecasts of the efficacy of the initial application in operational spray blocks within 4–5 days.Data were collected in 30 spray blocks in 1989 in a feasibility study to determine if such forecasts of spray efficacy could be made from the prespray budworm population density, N0, and from the proportion of the population that had ingested a lethal dose Bt within 2 days of application, M. A mathematical model forecasting the postspray budworm population density, NF, was derived from population-dynamic considerations and fitted (r2 = 0.48, p < 0.0001):The proportion of current foliage defoliated, D, depended (r = 0.81) on N0 and on whether the block was sprayed (I = 0) or not (I = 1):Only one measure of defoliation involved M in any statistically significant way. The predicted (from values of N0) proportion of defoliation prevented by Bt application, dD, was weakly (r2 = 0.25, p = 0.002) related to M:The large proportion of the variation in efficacy that remains unexplained by the models involving M limits the operational utility of this approach as it now stands for specific sites. The potential for further development of these models as decision support tools for fairly large spray blocks is discussed in terms of improving the sampling plan and including additional predictor variables.Methods are also presented that reduce bias in calculations of population reduction (Abbott 1925) and foliage protection when data are available from few control and many treatment blocks.
COMPETITION BETWEEN ORIUS TRISTICOLOR (WHITE) (HEMIPTERA: ANTHOCORIDAE) AND AMBLYSEIUS CUCUMERIS (OUDEMANS) (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) FEEDING ON FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS (PERGANDE) (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE)
Authors: Gillespie David R. , Quiring D.J.M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe competition between Orius tristicoior (White) and Amblyseius cucumeris (Oude-mans), both preying on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentaiis (Pergande), was assessed. On single leaves in smail cages, mortality of A. cucumeris due to O. tristicoior was inversely proportional to thrips density; thrips mortality due to O. tristicoior was unaffected by A. cucumeris density. The proportion of A. cucumeris in the prey eaten was consistently less than its proportion in the prey initially available, both when thrips density varied and when A. cucumeris density varied. These relationships held for both immature and adult thrips. These results suggest that O. tristicoior and A. cucumeris could be used simultaneously for biological control of western flower thrips in greenhouse vegetable crops.
THE COMMUNITY OF MACROLEPIDOPTEROUS LARVAE AT COOPER’S ROCK STATE FOREST, WEST VIRGINIA: A BASELINE STUDY
Authors: Butler Linda 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDuring 1984 and 1985 macrolepidopterous larvae were collected by pole pruning of foliage of black birch, mixed oaks, black cherry, and red maple at Cooper’s Rock State Forest in northern West Virginia. A total of 3027 larvae representing 100 species in 14 families was collected. The most abundant species were the noctuids Polia latex (Gn.) and Morrisonia confusa (Hbn.), and the geometrids Probole amicaria (H.-S.), Itame pustularia (Gn.), and Melanolophia canadaria (Gn.). Of the 100 total species of larvae, 43 were recorded from birch, 61 from mixed oaks, 63 from black cherry, and 57 from red maple.
THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF PERILISSUS (HYMENOPTERA, ICHNEUMONIDAE, CTENOPELMATINAE)
Authors: Barron John R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe Nearctic members of the genus Perilissus Holmgren, parasites of various species of sawflies on coniferous and deciduous trees and shrubs, were revised. There are 17 species of which 10 were described as new. These were placed in six species groups as follows: the discolor group composed of P. concavus, P. impunctatus, P. gilvus, P. triangularis, P. galbipes, P. rutilus spp.nov., and P. discolor (Cresson); the araius group comprising P. araius Burks and P. helvus sp.nov.; the coloradensis group composed of P. coloradensis (Ashmead) and P. spatulatus sp.nov.; the anatinus group consisting of P. anatinus sp.nov.; the bicolor group including P. bicolor (Cresson), P. townesi Burks, and P. cancellatus sp.nov.; and the concolor group comprising P. concolor (Cresson) and P. decoloratus (Cresson). Relationships of the genus Perilissus with other genera within the tribe Perilissini were discussed. Also, presumed relationships of the species groups and species of Perilissus were interpreted.
VISUAL STIMULI INFLUENCING ORIENTATION BY LARVAL GYPSY MOTH,LYMANTRIA DISPAR(L.)
Authors: Roden D.B. , Miller J.R. , Simmons G.A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn laboratory and field experiments involving artificial and real tree trunks, all larval instars of gypsy moth [Lymantria dispar(L.)] crawling on a horizontal surface were influenced by the diameter, height, and species of a tree. For most larval instars, black artificial tree trunks were preferred to white trunks. The influence of the diameter and height of a host on larval attraction was examined with cardboard columns. The degree of larval attraction to a column of a certain diameter and height was positively correlated with the angle at which the column was presented. Significantly more larvae were attracted to bolts of red oak (Quercus rubraL.) than to white birch (Betula papyriferaMarsh.) or trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.). The implications of these findings and their possible effects on host colonization are discussed.
COMPARISON OF TOPICALLY APPLIED RUBIDIUM CHLORIDE AND FLUORESCENT DYE MARKERS ON SURVIVAL AND RECOVERY OF FIELD-RELEASED MALE SPRUCE BUDWORM MOTHS
Authors: Kipp Larry R. , Lonergan Greg C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe influence of topical applications of fluorescent dyes or rubidium chloride (RbCl) solution, or both, on adult male spruce budworm longevity and attraction to and capture by pheromone-baited traps was investigated. Both marks persisted for at least 8 days in the field (duration of tests) and for at least 3 weeks in the laboratory. Recoveries of marked moths were similar to unmarked moths with respect to total recovery and timing and location (within the canopy) of recovery. The results validate the assumption implicit in previous mark–release–recapture studies on spruce budworm males that fluorescent dyes have no measurable effect on male trapping. A 0.41 M RbCl solution topically applied to laboratory-reared adult males is an efficient mass-marking technique for the spruce budworm.
SUCROSE INGESTION BY ZEIRAPHERA CANADENSIS MUT. & FREE. (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) INCREASES LONGEVITY AND LIFETIME FECUNDITY BUT NOT OVIPOSITION RATE
Authors: Carroll Allan L. , Quiring Dan T. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn the laboratory, the longevity and fecundity of female Zeiraphera canadensis Mut. & Free. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) given access to a 10% sucrose solution and water was greater than that of females provided only water. The presence or absence of sucrose did not affect oviposition rate during the first 10 days post-emergence, after which most females denied sucrose died. The enhanced fecundity of sucrose-fed females was due to their increased longevity and, hence, longer oviposition period. Greater longevity, combined with a decrease in oviposition rate and egg viability with age, resulted in a lower average lifetime oviposition rate and percentage viable egg production for females provided sucrose. Although carbohydrate ingestion resulted in increased fecundity and longevity in the laboratory, its effect in nature may be minimal because Z. canadensis usually does not live more than 10 days under field conditions.
ELECTROPHORETIC EVIDENCE THATLASIOGLOSSUM (EVYLAEUS) MEDITERRANEUM(BLÜTHGEN) IS A SPECIES DISTINCT FROML.(E.) LATICEPS(SCHENCK) (HYMENOPTERA, HALICTIDAE), WITH NOTES ON ITS PHYLOGENETIC POSITION
Authors: Packer L. , Plateaux-Quénu C. , Owen R.E. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe show thatLasioglossum mediterraneum(Blüthgen) (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) is a species distinct fromL.laticeps(Schenck) based upon electrophoretic analysis of 39 allozyme loci for sympatric populations collected from the Dordogne region of France. The genetic identity between the two is below average for sibling species of insects: no fewer than 10 fixed allelic differences were found. In contrast, allopatricL.laticepspopulations (from the Dordogne and Paris) are genetically almost identical (I= 0.998). Heterozygosity estimates for both species are low, as is often the case with Hymenoptera. Diagnostic characteristics that can be used to separate the two species are described. A phylogeny for nine species of the subgenusEvylaeusis constructed from allozyme data.
ACARI ASSOCIATED WITHPHYLLOPHAGA ANXIA(LECONTE) (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) IN SOUTHERN QUEBEC AND EASTERN ONTARIO
Authors: Poprawski T.J. , Yule W.N. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn the course of a systematic survey from 1979 to 1982 in southern Quebec and eastern Ontario, 11 genera of mites, representing five families and 15 species, were found associated withPhyllophaga anxia(LeConte). The rate of infestation in each growth stage of the host ranged from 0 (eggs and prepupae) to 54.6% (third-instar grubs). Although it was not possible to determine with certainty the ecological roles of the mite taxa, and thus to assess the real impact of the species involved, it is likely that the Macrochelidae, Parasitidae, and possibly Eviphididae were partially regulating localP.anxiapopulations. The Acaridae and Histiostomidae (Anoetidae) probably had a harmless phoretic or saprotrophic relation with their hosts. Most of the mite species reported here were found associated withPhyllophagaHarris in Canada for the first time.
HYPOGASTRURA (MUCRELLA) ARBOREA SP.NOV., A TREE-CLIMBING SPECIES OF COLLEMBOLA (HYPOGASTRURIDAE) FROM VANCOUVER ISLAND, BRITISH COLUMBIA
Authors: Fjellberg Arne 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHypogastrura (Mucrella) arborea sp.nov. is described from a mature sitka spruce forest on Vancouver Island. Specimens occurred both in ground litter and in epiphytic moss in the canopy. The new species differs from the four other species of the subgenus by the absence of anal spines and the presence of 2-3-2 clavate tibiotarsal hairs.
EFFECTS OF HONEY BEE (APIS MELLIFERA L.) QUEEN MANDIBULAR GLAND PHEROMONE ON FORAGING AND BROOD REARING
Authors: Higo Heather A. , Colley Simon J. , Winston Mark L. , Slessor Keith N. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe investigated the effects of synthetic honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) queen mandibular gland pheromone on colony foraging and brood rearing. Colonies newly established in the spring showed a significant, dose-dependent increase in the number of foragers gathering pollen, and individual pollen foragers returned to the nest with larger pollen loads. These two effects combined resulted in a doubling of the amount of pollen brought into colonies by foraging bees. Brood rearing also increased, but not significantly. In contrast, large, established colonies showed no effects at their summer population peak. We conclude that queen mandibular pheromone can significantly affect foraging, but its effects depend on colony conditions and environmental factors.
DEVELOPMENTAL TIME AND HOST SELECTION BY THE APHID PARASITOID APHELINUS SP. NR. VARIPES (FOERSTER) (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE)
Authors: Lajeunesse S.E. , Johnson G.D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractDevelopmental rates, lower developmental threshold, host selection among three species of aphid, and head capsule width were determined for the parasitoid Aphelinus sp. nr. varipes (Foerster) (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Aphid species used were Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko), western wheat aphid, Diuraphis tritici (Gillette), and corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch. Developmental rate was determined at five constant temperatures, 11.3, 14.7, 19.0, 25.7, and 30.3°C. Developmental times of the wasp were similar in Russian and western wheal aphids, ranging from 88.7 days al 11,3°C to 11.3 days at 30.3°C. Lower developmental threshold was similar in both species, 9.7°C in Russian wheat aphid and 9.4°C in western wheat aphid. Because of the low number of corn leaf aphid s parasitized, it was not possible to compute a parasitoid development threshold in that host. In the host selection test, there were no significant differences in numbers of Russian and western wheat aphids attacked; corn leaf aphid was seldom attacked. The western wheat aphid is a native species that also causes leaf-rolling; we believe it was the primary host of the parasitoid before the arrival of the Russian wheat aphid. Wasps emerging from Russian wheat aphid were consistently larger than those emerging from western wheat aphid. Mean head capsule width for 30 female wasps from Russian wheat aphid was 0.33 mm; from 30 female wasps from western wheat aphid mean head capsule width was 0.20 mm.
A GYNANDROMORPH OF RACHISPODA SUBPILIGERA (MALLOCH) (DIPTERA: SPHAEROCERIDAE), WITH NOTES ON ASYMMETRY, CIRCUMVERSION, AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE MALE POSTABDOMEN
Authors: Wheeler Terry A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA gynandromorph of Rachispoda subpiligera (Malloch) is described. The specimen exhibits both bilateral and anterior/posterior division of male and female genitalic components. Abdominal segment 5 is male, segments 6 and 7 are bilaterally divided into male (right) and female (left) halves, and segments 8–11 are female. Comparison of male and female components supports the view that the large, asymmetrical sclerite posterior to sternite 5 in male Sphaeroceridae is synsternite 6 + 7. Circumversion of the genitalia, normally seen in male segments 8–11, is absent, although male components of segments 6 and 7 exhibit asymmetry normally associated with circumversion. This suggests that asymmetry of sternites 6 and 7 is a developmental process independent of circumversion, not a direct consequence of circumversion.