bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Venus mapper resolution
Authors: Reichhardt Tony 
Published: October 2011

NASA program managers for the Venus Radar Mapper (VRM) mission have decided to make improvements to the spacecraft's Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) system that will increase its mapping resolution by one and a half times over the original design. The changes, including a doubling of the system's range bandwidth, will add a total of about $5 million to a project budgeted at $350 million. VRM is scheduled for launch toward Venus in April 1988 and will map more than 90% of the cloud‐veiled planet's surface during its 8‐month mission.The decision by the VRM program office at NASA headquarters in Washington was based on recommendations from the mission's project office at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. When VRM was included as a new start in this year's NASA budget, the stated goals for the mission were to provide a near‐global map of Venus at resolutions better than 1 km, or roughly equivalent to the resolution of the Mariner 9 mission that first revealed the geological richness of the Martian surface. The actual best radar resolution was to have been about 180 m (equivalent to an optical line‐pair resolution of 360 m) attainable for more than half the surface of the planet. VRM will travel an elliptical orbit and so will only be able to map the surface for a fraction of each day. The highest resolutions will come in the equatorial regions when the spacecraft is closest to periapsis and the radar “look angles” are the greatest.
Water in cirrus clouds
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Meteorologists from the University of Utah have discovered water droplets as cold as −36°C at the base of cirrus clouds, the coldest temperatures at which liquid water has been confirmed in clouds. Because earlier models of radiation transfer in the atmosphere had assumed that the clouds at cirrus‐layer altitudes (6,000–12,000 m) were composed only of ice crystals, the presence of liquid water may affect how these models are constructed.A team led by Kenneth Sassen of Utah's Department of Meteorology used groundbased polarization laser radar (lidar) to detect the water droplets in a cirrus cloud layer approximately 8.2 km above Boulder, Colo., last October. By analyzing the polarization of laser light reflected from cloud particles, the lidar system can identify whether the cloud contains water or ice crystals and can provide information on the type and distribution of ice crystals within the cloud.
Greenhouse hydrology
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

A new report by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) takes predictions about life in the “greenhouse” future one step farther by analyzing the possible effects a build‐up in atmospheric carbon dioxide would have on the hydrologic cycle. While principal authors David Rind and Sergej Lebedeff of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York warn that their computer models are “only the first step in the process of planning for future changes,” they suggest that a greenhouse warming would cause “substantial changes throughout the hydrologic cycle.”The study focuses specifically on changes in hydrologic conditions such as precipitation, evaporation, soil moisture, and runoff that would accompany a twofold increase in atmospheric CO2. The Goddard model produces an atmospheric warming of 4.1°C for this doubling, which is at the high end of the range predicted by National Academy of Sciences studies (Eos, November 15, 1983, p. 929, and August 17, 1982, p. 609).
Beardmore Glacier proposals wanted
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Proposals for research projects to be conducted in the upper Beardmore Glacier area of Antarctica during the 1985–1986 field season are being accepted by t h e National Science Foundation (NSF) through August 15. Later proposal submissions should be discussed with the appropriate program managers (see below).A temporary camp with helicopter support will be established in the region. Occupation by scientific parties will likely be between mid‐November 1985 and mid‐January 1986. Transportation in the field will be by UH1‐N twin‐engine Huey helicopters (with a range of approximately 185 km) and by motor toboggans. Satellite tent camps will be established within the range of the helicopters. The exact position of the main camp will be determined in November. Likely candidates, however, are Buckley Island Quadrangle, in the area of the Walcott Névé or the Bowden Névé, near Coalsack Bluff or Mount Sirius.
From the incoming President of the Hydrology Section
Authors: Freeze R. Allan 
Published: October 2011

On July 1 I began my duties as president of the Hydrology Section of AGU. I took over a healthy Section, recognized as the leading scientific society in the field of hydrology. I also am taking over a Section whose position within AGU is strong and influential. These two facts are a tribute to my predecessors, Peter Eagleson and J im Wallis. They have shepherded the Hydrology Section through an important period of technical and political growth, I will try to maintain the pace.During my tenure as president I intend to use our new WaterWatch column as a means of communication with the membership. I hope to keep you informed on the technical and administrative issues that arise and also to use this forum to solicit your views on directions that you would like to see us take. As a first attempt at this type of interaction, I have prepared a questionaire, which appears below. If you have suggestions for technical sessions or Chapman Conferences, if you have views on the various AGU publication programs, or if you can suggest candidates for AGU awards, I urge you to fill out the questionaire and return it to me.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Richman Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

The following hearing has been tentatively scheduled by the Senate. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).September 24: Hearing on Antarctica by the Science, Technology, and Space Subcommittee of the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee. Room SD‐253, Russell Senate Office Building, 9:30 A.M.
Field methods for supporting groundwater chemical transport models
Authors: Molz Fred J. , Anderson Mary P. 
Published: October 2011

The growing realization that many of the challenging questions regarding contaminant transport in groundwater must be resolved by careful field experiments, led to the convening of this symposium, which was sponsored by AGU's Groundwater Committee. The half‐day symposium was held during the recent spring AGU meeting and attracted around 150 individuals.The 13 papers presented included five invited talks. A list of authors and complete abstracts can be found in Eos (65, April 17, 1984, p. 206). Three papers discussed the results of controlled field tracer tests performed at the Chalk River Nuclear Laboratory and Borden landfill sites in Ontario, while three other papers covered tracer tests (one involving the use of heat as a tracer) at sites in Alabama and Illinois. One of the tests at the Chalk River site included the equivalent of 750,000 point measurements of iodine 131 during a natural gradient tracer test at distances as far as 40 m from the injection well. These papers demonstrated that dispersion in principle can be described by the classical advection‐dispersion model provided that accurate three‐dimensional velocity and permeability distributions are measured. When this is done, the resulting dispersivities are not scale dependent and are quite close to laboratory measurements. The papers also demonstrated that organic contanimants may be subject to chemical nonequilibrium processes during transport.
Maurice Ewing Medalist: Xavier Le Pichon
Authors: Ewing John I. , Le Pichon Xavier 
Published: October 2011

Mr. President, fellow members of the American Geophysical Union, and members of the U.S. Navy, it gives me great pleasure to present the citation for the 1984 AGU/USN Maurice Ewing Medal, to be awarded to Dr. Xavier Le Pichon.After receiving diplomas in several disciplines of geology, physics, and geophysics from the University of Strasbourg during the 1950s, Xavier came to the Lamont‐Doherty Geological Observatory as a visiting scientist where he put his knowledge to practice until 1968. In 1966 he received the Doctor of Sciences degree from the University of Strasbourg. Returning to France in 1968, Xavier spent the next five years at the Centre Océanologique de Bretagne in Brest where he founded the Research Group. From Brest he moved to the headquarters of CNEXO in Paris for 5 years and then to the University of Paris to found the new Laboratoire de Géodynamique. From his present position of professor at the university he will move next year to become director of the Geology Laboratory in the Ecole Normale Supérieure, one of the French Grandes Ecoles.
Grading acid rain research
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The growing concern with the environmental effects of acid rain has spawned a number of study groups in recent years, and now the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) has released what is essentially a study of a study. In January 1982, White House Science Advisor George Keyworth asked William Nierenberg, Director of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and a panel of nine scientists to conduct a peer review of three separate reports on acid deposition in eastern North America that had been turned in by U.S.‐Canadian scientific working groups.Those studies had been requisitioned by a 1980 Memorandum of Intent between the United States and Canada regarding transboundary air pollution. Overall, the Nierenberg peer review panel was “impressed with the efforts of the United States‐Canadian Working Groups,” (labeled Groups 1, 2, and 3B), but it also found problems. While applauding the work groups' exhaustive search through the acid rain literature, the Nierenberg panel cited what they call an “overdependence on ‘soft’ literature,” or writings such as in‐house reports and personal communications, which are outside the publicly available (and carefully scrutinized) body of scientific literature.
W. Stanley Wilson: AGU Ocean Sciences Award
Authors: Mooers Christopher N. K. , Reid Joseph L. , Brewer Peter G. 
Published: October 2011

The Ocean Sciences Section of the AGU recognizes W. Stanley Wilson for his unique leadership contributions to the emerging role of satellite measurements in oceanography. Through his persistent efforts the ocean sciences now stand on the brink of a new era that will merge conventional research techniques with new satellite technologies.Stan completed his B.S. and M.A. degrees at the College of William and Mary. He spent three years as a research biologist in Australia, New Zealand, and Antarctica before obtaining a Ph.D. in oceanography from The Johns Hopkins University in 1972.
TOGA Conference
Authors: Brooks David A. 
Published: October 2011

A Conference on the Tropical Oceans and Global Atmosphere (TOGA) Scientific Program was held in Paris during September 17–21, 1984. The purposes of the conference were to assess present knowledge about ocean‐atmosphere interactions in the tropics, particularly exemplified by the 1982–1983 El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event, to present and discuss a draft scientific plan for the TOGA program, and to inform scientists and science managers about TOGA opportunities.The TOGA program is a specific project within the World Climate Research Program, and its principal aim is the study of the coupled system constituted by the tropical oceans and the global atmosphere. The motivation for TOGA arises from the evident connection between global‐scale variability of atmospheric circulation and sea surface temperature anomalies and from the growing evidence that this connection can be simulated and ultimately predicted on time scales of months to years.
GRL editors: 1986”1988
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The leading rapid publication journal in the geophysical sciences is seeking candidates to succeed James C.G. Walker, whose term as editor‐in‐chief ends December 1985. AGU also seeks candidates to succeed the five regional editors: Rob Van der Voo, North America; Gaston J. Kockarts and William Lowrie, Europe; Tetsuya Sato, Asia; and Kurt Lambeck, Australia.AGU President Charles L. Drake has appointed a committee to recommend candidates for the 1986–1988 term. Resumes of those interested in serving in these influential and prestigious posts or letters of recommendation from those who wish to suggest candidates should be sent by February 15, 1985, to GRL Editor Search Committee, American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, DC 20009.
Selected papers in hydrologic sciences
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A collection of short topical papers providing significant results of hydrologic studies by the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, has been published as “Selected Papers in the Hydrologic Sciences, Volume 1” (Water‐Supply Paper 2262). Edited by Eric L. Meyer, “Selected Papers in the Hydrologic Sciences“ is a new journal‐type publication that will be a part of the existing U.S. Geological Survey Water‐Supply Paper series. The “journal” is aimed at meeting the widespread public and professional interest of the hydrologic community in timely results from hydrologic studies derived from federal research programs, federal‐state cooperative programs, and some work done on behalf of other federal agencies.This first volume, comprising eight papers, addresses a broad array of topics covering sediment chemistry, pesticides, toxic metals, and streamflow characteristics. Included are papers on a technique to measure oxygen in the root zone of saturated and unsaturated soils; measurement of surface runoff and collection of sediment samples from small areas; organic carbon in volcanic ash from Mount St. Helens, Washington; organochlorine pesticide and polychlorinated biphenyl in the Schuylkill River, Pennsylvania; interference of cadmium carbonate precipitation in the determination of cation exchange separation factors; confidence limtis for determining concentrations of tracer particles in sediment samples; determination of aquatic humic substances in natural water; and use of channel cross‐section properties for estimating streamflow characteristics.
Scientific instrumentation
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF), through its College Science Instrumentation Program (CSIP), is now accepting proposals from qualified undergraduate colleges or consortiums for the purchase of laboratory and instructional equipment. CSIP provides matching support from $5,000 to $50,000 for acquisition of new state‐of‐the‐art instructional scientific equipment or renovation, replacement, and upgrading of existing equipment. The deadline for submission of proposals is January 11, 1985. All fields of science and engineering are eligible for the grants.Proposals will be evaluated on the basis of performance competence, intrinsic merit, utility, or relevance of the project, and effect on the infrastructure of science and engineering. Evaluation and processing of proposals will require approximately 6 months.
Space‐based Earth science to be reviewed
Authors: Robb David W. 
Published: October 2011

The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) has begun a study of agency roles in space‐based earth science research for the next decade, 1985–1995. The study will be made on the basis of discussions with policy‐level personnel at eight federal agencies, as well as with working scientists and other standing earth science committees.According to Richard Johnson, OSTP Assistant Director for Space Science and Technology and chairman of the evaluation, the study will involve “fine‐tuning agency roles” in the space‐based earth sciences. “Further definition” and “providing a clearer statement of what their roles are,” said Johnson, “will improve the stability of funding” and should help avoid the “peaks and valleys” seen in the past.
Caltech receives $70 million for telescope
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The California Institute of Technology (Caltech) has received a gift of $70 million to build a 10‐m optical telescope, the world's largest, to be situated atop a 4145‐m‐high ridge on Mauna Kea volcano in Hawaii. The gift—said to be the largest private gift ever donated for a scientific project—was made by the Keck Foundation, an organization founded by the late W. M. Keck, an oil wildcatter and founder of Superior Oil Company.The new telescope will be able to see up to 12 billion light years away and will be used to study ancient galaxies and the structure of the universe. The facility will also have infrared capabilities for research on new stars forming in our galaxy.
U.S. Arctic Research Commission
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

“North to the Future” is a well‐known slogan in Alaska. This slogan also expresses the spirit with which the U.S. Arctic Research Commission (ARC) has begun its work.The commission was established as a result of Sen. Murkowski's (R‐Alaska) Arctic Research and Policy Act of 1984, and its members were appointed by President Reagan last February (Eos, February 26, 1985, p. 91). The ARC has been directed to develop and recommend an integrated Arctic research policy and to work with the concomitantly established Interagency Arctic Research Policy Committee in the formulation of a comprehensive 5‐year Arctic research plan (see Figure 1). The Arctic Research and Policy Act designates the National Science Foundation as the lead agency responsible for implementing the policy with other federal agencies; it further requires the preparation of a single, integrated multiagency budget request for Arctic research.
Comments on GEBCO sought
Authors: Loughridge Michael S. 
Published: October 2011

The Guiding Committee for the General Bathymetric Chart of the Ocean (GEBCO) (Chair: A.S. Laughton, Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, Bideston, U.K.), a joint effort of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) and the International Hydrographic Organization, is interested in assessing the impact of the fifth edition of GEBCO on the ocean science community. An international task team has been formed to advise on the format of a sixth edition after assessing the impact of the fifth edition. Eventually, the task team will be asked to advise whether the sixth edition should be a traditional paper chart, an “electronic chart” (i.e., a digital file reproducing the contents of the paper chart), an assemblage of digital contours, a gridded depth data base, or some combination of these.To assist the task team, comments on the recent fifth edition are invited, either as general comments on the usefulness of GEBCO, suggested improvements, criticisms, or comments on questions as specific as the following
U.S. and U.K. sign ODP Agreement
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF) and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) of the United Kingdom recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). The agreement calls for the United Kingdom's “participation, in principle” for the 9 years remaining in the decade‐long ODP, according to an announcement by NSF.Under the terms of the memorandum, the United Kingdom will contribute $2.5 million to ODP each year. In turn, the United Kingdom will be entitled to have two scientific representatives on each ODP cruise and a co‐chief scientist on one cruise a year. British researchers will also participate in ODP planning, including the selection of drill sites, NSF said.
JGR special issue on Deep Earthquakes
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The editor and associate editors of the Journal of Geophysical Research—Solid Earth and Planets invite the submission of manuscripts for a special issue on the topic “Deep‐ and Intermediate‐Focus Earthquakes, Phase Transitions, and the Mechanics of Deep Subduction.”Manuscripts should be submitted to JGR Editor Gerald Schubert (Department of Earth and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024) before July 1, 1986, in accordance with the usual rules for manuscript submission. Submitted papers will undergo the normal JGR review procedure. For more information, contact either Schubert or the special guest associate editor, Cliff Frohlich (Institute for Geophysics, University of Texas at Austin, 4920 North IH‐35, Austin, TX 78751; telephone: 512‐451‐6223).
Private grants for field research
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Center for Field Research has identified geological field research as a priority for support by Earthwatch and invites proposals for funding consideration. Earthwatch is a private, volunteer research corps that enables qualified members of the public to join research expeditions both as coworkers and as patrons helping to underwrite expedition costs.More than $3 million will be awarded in 1986 and 1987 to 200 projects in the sciences and humanities throughout the world. Grants will range from $7,500 to $100,000. All funds are derived from the contributions of participating volunteers selected from the 20,000 members of Earthwatch; all projects supported therefore need both funds and direct field assistance to be eligible.
Artificial Recharge of Groundwater Symposium
Authors: Peters H. J. 
Published: October 2011

An experimental session on artificial recharge of groundwater was held at the AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, December 8–13, 1985. The session combined a state‐of the‐art oral presentation followed by poster papers and ending with a panel discussion about research needs.Organization of the symposium, with mixed presentation, was not straightforward. The program showed two sessions: one oral and one for posters. The program committee deleted the research needs panel from the program, but there was so much interest that AGU assigned a room and, by word of mouth, about 10 people attended. It was important to have that segment and would have been better to have had it in the program.
Is there a global scale ocean circulation?
Authors: Gordon Arnold L. 
Published: October 2011

The word “global” is the “in” word in today's oceanography. We have already had “ecology” and “environment,” and perhaps even the recent “climate” buzz word giving way to the more general designation of “global.” We are faced with the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere program (TOGA), the World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE), and the Global Flux Experiment; AGU has entered the “global” stage with a new journal called Global Biogeochemical Cycles (which covers it all), and there was the well‐attended Earth System Science: New Views and Plans symposium at the 1985 AGU Fall meeting in San Francisco, Calif., last December.Why all the interest in the global scale? It's safe to say that the important present concerns of the earth sciences, such as climate stability and the ocean's continued potential to absorb civilization's chemical wastes, are global issues and must be viewed in that context if we are to address them properly. Another factor is that for the first time, through satellite technology, we have the capability of gathering global scale data on a truly synoptic basis. So, as in the past, application of new technology allows us to define new horizons and address a new range of research questions. In addition to these factors, there is also the historical evolution of oceanography, which makes the global prospective particularly appealing at this time.