bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transurethral injection therapy with carbon‐coated beads (Durasphere®) for treatment of recurrent pyelonephritis in kidney transplant patients with vesico‐ureteral reflux to the allograft
Authors: Antonopoulos Ioannis M. , Piovesan Affonso C. , Falci Jr Renato , Kanashiro Hideki , Saito Fernando J.A. , Nahas William C. 
Published: March 2010

Antonopoulos IM, Piovesan AC, Falci R Jr, Kanashiro H, Saito FJA, Nahas WC. Transurethral injection therapy with carbon‐coated beads (Durasphere®) for treatment of recurrent pyelonephritis in kidney transplant patients with vesico‐ureteral reflux to the allograft.  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 329–333. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Introduction and objectives:  Recurrent transplant pyelonephritis (RTP) secondary to vesico‐ureteral reflux (VUR) to the transplant kidney (KTx) remains a significant cause of infectious complications with impact on patient and graft outcomes. Our objective was to verify the safety and efficacy of transurethral injection of Durasphere® to relieve RTP secondary to VUR after renal transplantation.Patients and methods:  Between June 2004 and July 2008, eight patients with RTP (defined as two or more episodes of pyelonephritis after transplantation) and VUR to the KTx were treated with subureteral injections of Durasphere®. The mean age at surgery was 38.8 ± 13.8 yr (23–65). The patients were followed regularly every six months. The mean interval between the KTx and the treatment was 76 ± 74.1 (10–238 months). The mean follow‐up was 22.3 ± 16.1 months (8–57 months).Results:  Six patients (75%) were free of pyelonephritis during a mean period of follow‐up of 23.2 ± 17.1 months (8–57 months). Two of them had no VUR and four cases presented with G II VUR (pre‐operative G IV three cases and one case G III). In one case, symptomatic recurrent cystitis made a second treatment necessary. This patient remained free of infections for three yr after the first treatment and for 18 months after the second treatment. Of the remaining two patients, one had six episodes of RTP before treatment in a period of three yr and only two episodes after treatment in two yr of follow‐up. The last case had a new episode of pyelonephritis five months after treatment.Conclusions:  Transurethral injection therapy with Durasphere® is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment option for KTx patients with recurrent RTP. A second treatment seems to be necessary in some cases.
Reducing delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture: a multi‐factorial intervention study
Authors: BJÖRKELUND K. B. , HOMMEL A. , THORNGREN K.‐G. , GUSTAFSON L. , LARSSON S. , LUNDBERG D. 
Published: March 2010

Background: There is an evident need for improved management of elderly patients with trauma in order to avoid common and troublesome complications such as delirium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an implementation of a multi‐factorial program including intensified pre‐hospital and perioperative treatment and care could reduce the incidence of delirium in elderly patients with hip fracture, cognitively intact at admission to the hospital. In addition, we explored the factors that characterize patients who developed delirium.Methods: A prospective, quasi‐experimental design was used. A total of 263 patients with hip fracture (≥65 years), cognitively intact at admission, were consecutively included between April 2003 and April 2004. On 1 October 2003, a new program was introduced. All patients were screened for cognitive impairment within 30 min after admission to the emergency department using The Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ). To screen for delirium, patients were tested within 4 h of admission and thereafter daily, using the Organic Brain Syndrome scale.Results: The number of patients who developed delirium during hospitalization was 74 (28.1%), with a decrease from 34% (45 of 132) in the control group to 22% (29 of 131) in the intervention group (P=0.031). Patients who developed delirium were statistically older, more often had >4 prescribed drugs at admission and scored less well in the SPMSQ test.Conclusion: The use of a multi‐factorial intervention program in elderly hip fracture patients, lucid at admission, reduced the incidence of delirium during hospitalization by 35%.
The influence of reef type and seasonality on population structure of coral‐reef fishes within Malindi Marine Park, Kenya
Authors: Locham Gamoe A. , Kaunda‐Arara Boaz , Mlewa Chrisestom M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEffective conservation requires knowledge of the effects of habitat on distribution and abundance of organisms. Although the structure of coral reef fish assemblages is strongly correlated with attributes of reef structure, data relating reef types to fish assemblages are scarce. In this study we describe the influence of gross habitat characteristics and seasonality on coral reef fish assemblages of fringing and patch reefs in Kenya. Results showed that total fish abundance was not significantly different between the reefs; however, the fringing reef had higher species diversity during both the northeast (42 spp.) and southeast (36 spp.) monsoon seasons when compared to the patch reef. The more fished species (e.g. Siganus sutor and Lethrinus mahsena) were more abundant on the patch reef in both seasons. Statistical analysis indicated common species between the reefs were more abundant on the fringing reef. Seasons affected abundance of the more vagile species (S. sutor), whereas the reef‐attached sky emperor, L. mahsena was affected more by reef type than by seasons. No significant interaction effects of habitat and seasons were found, indicating independence of habitat and environmental variability in affecting fish assemblages on the reefs. Smaller sized fish dominated the fringing reef more than the patch reef, whereas the skewness index (Sk) indicated a normal‐sized frequency distribution on the patch reef. Trophic structure of the fishes varied more within than between reefs, whereas fish assemblage structure was affected more by seasons on the fringing reef. These results suggest that conservation measures such as marine protected area (MPA) design and setting should consider effects of reef morphology and environmental variability on coral‐reef fish assemblage structure.
Duplication cyst of oesophagus: A case report
Authors: Gupta Bulbul , Meher Ravi , Raj Anoop , Agarwal Satish 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDuplication of the oesophagus is the second most common duplication of the gastrointestinal tract. Children with oesophageal duplication cyst usually present with dysphagia or as asymptomatic thoracic mass found o incidental chest x‐ray. We report a case of oesophageal duplication cyst that presented with inspiratory stridor and dyspnoea in a 6 month old boy. Bronchoscopy revealed an external compression on the trachea. Duplication cyst arising from the oesophagus was suggested on CT and MRI. The cyst was surgically excised with resolution of symptoms.
Non‐axial bone fracture but not depression as a risk factor for coeliac disease
Authors: Tan V. P. , Ching S.‐L. , Anderson R. P. , Gibson P. R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractScreening for coeliac disease is confined to subgroups at greater risk for the disease, including type 1 diabetes mellitus, autoimmune thyroid disease and family members of affected individuals. This study examined the hypothesis that patients taking antidepressants or presenting with fractures could represent new subgroups at higher risk for coeliac disease. A total of 105 and 199 consecutive patients presenting to hospital taking antidepressants and/or with a fracture was screened with IgA tissue transglutaminase and had their IgA serum levels quantified. Patients with positive serology were offered further diagnostic and management follow up. No patients taking antidepressants had positive serology. Seven with fractures had elevated titres of IgA tissue transglutaminase. All of these patients had presented with non‐axial fractures, representing a prevalence of 5.2% (95% confidence interval: 1.4–8.9%). Uptake of further investigation and management was poor. Patients presenting with non‐axial fractures may be a subgroup in whom coeliac screening may be indicated. There needs to be greater awareness of atypical presentations of coeliac disease.
Single‐port transvesical enucleation of the prostate: a clinical report of 34 cases
Authors: Desai Mihir M. , Fareed Khaled , Berger Andre K. , Astigueta Juan Carlos , Irwin Brian H. , Aron Monish , Ulchaker James , Sotelo Rene 
Published: March 2010

Study Type – Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4OBJECTIVETo present our experience with single‐port transvesical enucleation of the prostate (STEP) in 34 patients with large‐volume benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).PATIENTS AND METHODSWe performed STEP in 34 patients with large volume (>60 g) BPH (mean age 69 years, body mass index 26 kg/m2, and American Society of Anesthesiology class 2). The mean prostate volume estimated by transrectal ultrasonography was 102.5 mL and the mean baseline prostate‐specific antigen level was 6.7 ng/mL. A novel single‐port device was inserted percutaneously into the bladder through a 2–3 cm incision in the suprapubic skin crease. After establishing pneumovesicum, the prostate adenoma was enucleated transvesically using standard laparoscopic instruments, and the adenoma was extracted in pieces through the port. Digital assistance expedited enucleation of the apical adenoma in 19 (55%) cases.RESULTSTransvesical enucleation was completed in all 34 cases; the mean operative duration was 116 min, and the estimated blood loss was 460 mL. There was one death from postoperative bleeding from uncontrolled coagulopathy in a Jehovah’s Witness who refused a transfusion of blood and blood products. There were three complications during STEP (one death, one bowel injury and one haemorrhage) and five afterwards (four bleeding, one epididymo‐orchitis). Open conversion was necessary in two patients for complications, and extension of the skin incision by 1–2 cm was necessary in two to expedite apical digital enucleation. The mean hospital stay was 3 days and mean analogue pain score at discharge was 2. All 33 patients (excluding the patient who died) were voiding spontaneously at a maximum follow‐up of 8 months, with a mean American Urologic Association symptom score of 3, a maximum urinary flow rate of 44 mL/s, and a postvoid residual of 30 mL at the latest follow‐up. No patient developed urinary incontinence.CONCLUSIONSSTEP is an effective treatment option for selected patients with large‐volume obstructive BPH. Under pneumovesicum using laparoscopic visualization, the entire adenoma can be effectively enucleated and expeditiously extracted through the novel single port. Comparison of the STEP procedure with other open and transurethral techniques will determine its place in the surgical treatment of large‐volume BPH.
Patients with thrombolysed stroke in Vietnam have an excellent outcome: results from the Vietnam Thrombolysis Registry
Authors: Nguyen T. H. , Truong A. L. T. , Ngo M. B. , Bui C. T. Q. , Dinh Q. V. , Doan T. C. , Nguyen L. T. K. , Phan T. C. , Phan M. V. , Nguyen T. V. , Le T. V. 
Published: March 2010

Background and purpose:  We present the early experience in thrombolysis in three major centers of Ho Chi Minh city, namely 115 People Hospital, Gia Dinh Hospital, and An Binh Hospital.Methods:  A prospective study of consecutive patients treated with intravenous tPA with a treatment protocol similar to that of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) trial. National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores on admission and Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) scores at 3 months were measured for all patients. Intracranial and systemic hemorrhagic complications were recorded.Result:  A total of 121 of 6171 (2%) patients with acute IS received thrombolysis over 3 years. Mean age was 57 years (range 18–78) and initial median NIHSS score was 12 (range 5–23). The mean delay between symptom onset and treatment was 143 min (range 50–210). Seventy‐three (60.3%) patients received the standard dose with the remaining 48 patients (36.9%) treated with a lower dose, a mean calculated dose of 0.62 mg/kg (range, 0.6–0.86 mg/kg). Over half (56.3%) of the patients receiving low dose achieved functional independence (mRS score 0–1) at 3 months compared with 34.2% in the standard‐dose group (P = 0.01). The 3‐month mortality rate was also higher in the standard‐dose group (2.1% vs. 12.5% with standard‐dose tPA; P = 0.04). Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was noted in four patients of standard‐dose group and one patient of low‐dose group (P = 0.36).Conclusion:  Intravenous thrombolysis, particularly in a lower dose, is safe and feasible in the treatment of acute IS in our selected Vietnamese population.
Immunoproteasome deficiency alters retinal proteasome’s response to stress
Authors: Hussong Stacy A. , Kapphahn Rebecca J. , Phillips Stacia L. , Maldonado Marcela , Ferrington Deborah A. 
Published: March 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 113, 1481–1490.AbstractOur previous work demonstrated that immunoproteasome is up‐regulated in the retina and brain in response to injury that does not involve an inflammatory response (J. Neurochem. 2008; 106:158). These results suggest additional non‐immune functions for the immunoproteasome in the cellular stress response pathway. The present study further investigates the potential involvement of the immunoproteasome in responding to the chronic stress of aging or oxidant exposure in the retina and cultured retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells from knock‐out mice missing either one (lmp7−/−) or two (lmp7−/−/mecl‐1−/−) immunoproteasome subunits. We show that aging and chronic oxidative stress up‐regulates immunoproteasome in the retina and RPE from wild‐type mice. No up‐regulation of LMP2 was observed in retinas or RPE lacking MECL‐1 and/or LMP7, suggesting that the full complement of immunoproteasome subunits is required to achieve maximal up‐regulation in response to stress. We also show that RPE deficient in immunoproteasome are more susceptible to oxidation‐induced cell death, supporting a role for immunoproteasome in protecting from oxidative stress. These results provide key mechanistic insight into novel aspects of proteasome biology and are an important first step in identifying alternative roles for retinal immunoproteasome that are unrelated to its role in the immune response.
Immediate outcome of twin–twin transfusion syndrome following selective laser photocoagulation of communicating vessels at the NSW Fetal Therapy Centre
Authors: MERIKI N. , SMOLENIEC J. , CHALLIS D. , WELSH A.W. 
Published: March 2010

Objective:  To audit the outcome for laser photocoagulation for twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) as managed by the New South Wales Fetal Therapy Centre (NSW FTC).Methods: A retrospective cohort study. Outcome data were reviewed for referrals between June 2003 and June 2008.The outcome measures included the severity of TTTS at presentation, delivery details (gestational age at delivery, birth weight and Apgar score at 5 min) and perinatal outcome (spontaneous miscarriage, premature rupture of membranes, intrauterine death, placental abruption and neonatal death).Results: Seventy‐nine patients were treated with laser therapy for stage I–IV TTTS (median stage III). Median gestational age at treatment was 20 weeks (range 16–25). Median gestational age at delivery was 32 weeks (range 24–40). Survival of at least one baby in this study was 90.7% (88.9% for anterior and 92.1% for posterior placenta), and of both babies was 60.0%. Median birth weight was 1788 g (range 490–3695). Median Apgar score was nine at 5 min. Three women required repeat laser treatment for persistent TTTS.Conclusions: Selective laser photocoagulation of communicating vessels remains the treatment of choice for TTTS. Referrals to the NSW FTC have increased from five cases in the last half of 2003, to 18 cases in the first half of 2008. Local outcome figures at least equal any in the published international literature and support a continued policy of centralised care in Australia. A two‐year follow‐up study on neonatal outcome for survivors is underway.
Long‐term follow‐up of women with gestational diabetes mellitus: The South Australian Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Recall Register
Authors: CHITTLEBOROUGH Catherine R. , BALDOCK Katherine L. , TAYLOR Anne W. , HAGUE William M. , WILLSON Toni , MARTIN Wendy , WOOD Jenny , PHILLIPS Patrick J. 
Published: March 2010

Background:  Women who have had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Early detection and management of type 2 diabetes are important for reducing associated complications and costs.Aims:  To evaluate an existing register for long‐term follow‐up of women who have been diagnosed with GDM.Methods:  Recruitment to the GDM Recall Register began at the diabetes centres of two hospitals in South Australia from July 2002, and was expanded to include a third hospital from September 2005. Women enrolled on the Register are sent an annual letter reminding them that they are at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes and encouraging them to get their blood glucose checked. An update form is also included for women to complete and return to the Register.Results:  As at 30 June 2009, 817 women were enrolled on the Register. Of women diagnosed with GDM at the participating hospital sites, recruitment to the Register was 68.4% in 2002 and 64.4% in 2007. Of the 429 women who had been sent their first reminder letter, 46.4% had returned the update form. Of these, 56.3% had undergone a glucose test for diabetes. Two women reported developing type 2 diabetes.Conclusions:  Expansion of the GDM Recall Register is likely to result in increased opportunities for early detection of diabetes for this high‐risk group in South Australia, therefore allowing earlier intervention and treatment to prevent or reduce serious, costly diabetes‐related complications.
Effect of body size and sex ratio on male alternative mating tactics of the West Indian sweetpotato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus
Authors: Kumano Norikuni , Kuriwada Takashi , Shiromoto Keiko , Haraguchi Dai , Kohama Tsuguo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMale body size is considered to be one of the major determinants of mating success among many insect species. Because the effectiveness of the sterile insect technique (SIT) depends on the ability of released sterile males to mate with and inseminate wild females, it is indispensable to understand the effect of male body size on the mating behavior of both sexes for the progress of the SIT program. We investigated how male body size and the presence of other rival males affect the guarding and copulatory durations of the West Indian sweetpotato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). In this species, males guard females before and after copulation. By observing the mating behavior under two sex‐ratio conditions (male‐to‐female ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), we found that small males hastened to court females when rival males were present, but the females rejected these small males as mates. Therefore, we consider that female weevils adopt a counter‐adaptation for mate preference in response to this male mating strategy. Body size did not affect the durations of copulation and post‐copulatory guarding. Although we found a conditional mating strategy for body size in E. postfasciatus, it is unlikely to have a large influence on the weevil‐eradication program using SIT.
Response of downstream migrating adult European eels (Anguilla anguilla) to bar racks under experimental conditions
Authors: Russon I. J. , Kemp P. S. , Calles O. 
Published: March 2010

Russon IJ, Kemp PS, Calles O. Response of downstream migrating adult European eels (Anguilla anguilla) to bar racks under experimental conditions. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 197–205. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  The behavioural response of downstream migrating nonsalmonid fish to hydraulic conditions associated with river infrastructure is poorly understood. The response of downstream migrating adult European eels (Anguilla anguilla) to bar racks (12 mm bar spacing) angled on the vertical and horizontal planes under different flow regimes and during periods of darkness was assessed. Eels predominantly moved along the channel floor and wall, tending to follow routes where turbulence intensity was high. Time taken to approach the racks was greater than expected if fish had moved passively with the flow. Eels did not exhibit clear avoidance behaviour prior to encountering the racks, instead marked changes in behaviour occurred only after physical contact was made with the structure. No impingement or passage through the racks occurred, and passes per approach were high (98.3%), when vertical racks were angled 15°, 30° or 45° relative to the flow. Impingement and passage through the racks only occurred when horizontally inclined racks were placed perpendicular to the flow. The time eels were impinged on the racks was negatively related to discharge when angled at 30° relative to the channel floor, and positively related when upright. Frequency of impingement was higher under low discharge (132.9 ± 16.6 l·s−1). Impinged eels escaped from racks at approach velocities of 0.90 ± 0.05 m·s−1. Passage through the upright rack was common under high discharge (278.9 ± 36.2 l·s−1). The information presented will improve current fish passage criteria for European eels that are required to develop more effective fish passage facilities.
The G1 cell cycle arrest of macrophages infected with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Authors: Kasai H , Nakashima K , Yokota M , Nishihara T 
Published: March 2010

Oral Diseases (2010) 16, 305–309Objectives:  Infection of murine macrophage cell line J774.1 with the periodontopathic bacterium Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans induces apoptotic cell death. The infection induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase prior to the appearance of apoptotic cells. This study determined the involvement of various cell cycle‐related signal molecules in A. actinomycetemcomitans‐induced G1 cell cycle arrest.Materials and Methods:  Cell cycle in J774.1 cells infected with A. actinomycetemcomitans was analyzed with a flow cytometer. Immunoblot analysis was also employed to determine the expression levels of intracellular signal molecules.Results:  Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the percentage of cells in the G1 phase increased to 77.2% at 12 h after A. actinomycetemcomitans infection. Additionally, according to immunoblot analysis, expression levels of hyperphosphorylated forms of retinoblastoma protein (ppRb) declined in J774.1 cells following A. actinomycetemcomitans infection, whereas hypophosphorylated Rb (pRb) expression levels were elevated slightly. Expression levels of cyclin D1 and D2 in the cells decreased gradually postinfection; CDK2, CDK4, CDK6 and cyclin E levels were not changed. Furthermore, postinfection, p21CIP1/WAF1 expression increased at 6 h, followed by a subsequent decrease.Conclusion:  These findings suggest that cyclin D1 and D2 and p21CIP1/WAF1 participate in G1 cell cycle arrest in A. actinomycetemcomitans‐infected J774.1 cells.