bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NanoSIMS50 imaging of thin samples coupled with neutral cesium deposition
Authors: Audinot Jean‐Nicolas , Cabin‐Flaman Armelle , Philipp Patrick , Legent Guillaume , Wirtz Tom , Migeon Henri‐Noel 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThanks to the 50 nm of lateral resolution of the NanoSIMS50, new fields of application have been opened to Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry. The NanoSIMS50 imaging capabilities are however often hampered by the fact that, due to a high impact energy (16 keV) and normal incidence of the primary ion beam, the steady state is only reached after sputtering several nanometers (10–20 nm) of the sample. As a consequence, the secondary ion emission is very low during the sputtering of these first nanometers. This phenomenon, which is most pronounced for organic and biologic samples, induces artifacts of measurement. In a previous study, we have shown that negative secondary ion yields can be enhanced in Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) by coupling the primary ion bombardment with a simultaneous neutral cesium deposition. As this method cannot be used directly on the NanoSIMS50, we propose here to perform SIMS analysis after a prior deposition of Cs0 in a standalone UHV system. With this new method of analysis, organic thin films and proteins have been 3D monitored. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energy‐dependent fragmentation of polystyrene molecule using size‐selected Ar gas cluster ion beam projectile
Authors: Moritani Kousuke , Mukai Gen , Hashinokuchi Michihiro , Mochiji Kozo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA size‐selected Ar gas cluster ion beam (GCIB) was applied to the SIMS of a polystyrene thin film. The size of Ar cluster ions are selected between 5000 to 500 atoms at an acceleration voltage of 5 and 10 kV using time‐of‐flight technique. Under this condition, the kinetic energy per constituent atom (Eatom) of the GCIB projectile was estimated to be 1 ∼ 20 eV. The Eatom dependence of secondary ion yield of fragment species of polystyrene can be essentially classified into three types which are attributable to the relationship between the Eatom and the dissociation energy of the specified bonding site of the molecule. These results indicate that the site‐specific bond breaking of molecules could be possible by adjusting the Eatom of size‐selected GCIB. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hopping, turning and flipping of single molecules during lateral manipulation with a scanning tunneling microscope
Authors: Parschau Manfred , Hug Hans J. , Rieder Karl‐Heinz , Ernst Karl‐Heinz 
Published: June 2010

AbstractManipulation experiments have been performed with single molecules of the hydrocarbon propene on a copper(211) surface at 7 K. Depending on the location of the methyl group, propene forms two enantiomorphous pairs of different adsorbate states. Beyond repositioning of the molecules via vertical and lateral manipulations with the STM tip, conversions between the different adsorbate geometries were observed. The role of inelastically tunneled electrons and the electric field in the junction between tip and surface are discussed as origins of adsorbate mode conversion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Imaging of lipids in cultured mammalian neurons by matrix assisted laser/desorption ionization and secondary ion mass spectrometry
Authors: Yang Hyun‐Jeong , Sugiura Yuki , Ishizaki Itsuko , Sanada Noriaki , Ikegami Koji , Zaima Nobuhiro , Shrivas Kamlesh , Setou Mitsutoshi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractImaging mass spectrometry (IMS) provides a novel opportunity for visualization of molecular ion distribution. Currently, there are two major ionization techniques, matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) are widely used for imaging of biomolecules in tissue samples. MALDI and SIMS‐based IMS have the following features; measurable mass ranges are wide and small, and the spatial resolutions are low and high, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is a first report to identify the lipids in cultured mammalian neurons by MALDI‐IMS. Further, those neurons were analyzed with SIMS‐IMS in order to compare the distribution pattern of lipids and other derived fragments. The parameters which influence the identification of lipids in cultured neurons were optimized in order to get an optimum detection of lipid molecules. The combined spatial data of MALDI and SIMS supported the idea that the signals of small molecules such as phosphatidylcholine head groups and fatty acids (detected in SIMS) are derived from the intact lipids (detected in MALDI‐IMS). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finite element analysis and seismic rehabilitation of a 1000‐year‐old heritage listed tall masonry mosque
Authors: Mortezaei A. , Kheyroddin A. , Ronagh H. R. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractArchitectural heritage is not only culturally important but also economically vital as it is a great support for tourism and leisure industries bringing in billions of dollars to otherwise ailing economies of many older regions of the world. Protecting these often very heavy masonry structures in high seismic zones is a challenge that is of great concern for authorities, researchers and engineers alike. Post‐Islamic monumental buildings of Persia are among the world's most beautiful heritage listed architecture. Every large city in Iran has a mosque called ‘Masjed‐e‐Jam'e’ meaning the great mosque. This is the mosque in which the Friday prayer (a social must for Muslims) is often held. These mosques are large, always with tall minarets and often with a huge gathering area called ‘Ivan’ that are identifiable by their huge walls and dome or semi‐dome shaped roofs. The structure of the building and minarets is often made of bricks laid with lime mortar; and as such they are heavy elements most susceptible to earthquake's ground acceleration.This paper presents the results of an analysis of the structural behaviour and seismic vulnerability of the ‘Masjed‐e‐Jame’ of Semnan, a heritage listed building dating back to 11th century AD. The analytical tool used here is a nonlinear static/dynamic finite element method. Using this tool and comparing demand versus capacity confirms the susceptibility of the building to extensive damage and possibility of collapse, as is frequently observed in this type of buildings. Another aspect of the study presented here has been the evaluation of the actual efficiency of current techniques of repair and strengthening of these structures. It is shown that usual structural reinforcement techniques are effective in providing increased seismic capacity. The paper advocates that significant information can be obtained from advanced numerical analysis, with respect to the understanding of existing damage and design of strengthening system. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Limited ductility design of reinforced concrete columns for tall buildings in low to moderate seismicity regions
Authors: Ho Johnny Ching Ming 
Published: June 2010

AbstractNonlinear moment‐curvature analysis using stress–strain relationships of the constitutive materials and take into account the stress path dependence of longitudinal steel was performed to study the structural parameters affecting the flexural ductility of high‐strength reinforced concrete (HSRC) columns. From the analysis, a theoretical equation for designing square‐shaped limited ductility HSRC columns was proposed that correlates the volumetric ratio of confining reinforcement within critical region to the cross‐section core area ratio, yield strengths of longitudinal and confining reinforcement, area ratio of longitudinal reinforcement, concrete strength and compressive axial load level. The validity of the proposed theoretical equation was verified by testing eight square‐shaped columns with concrete cylinder strength varied from 50 to 96 MPa and longitudinal steel ratio from 0.9 to 6.1% that contained the proposed content of confining reinforcement within the critical region of columns. Outside the critical region, the confining steel is designed based on ultimate shear demand. The columns were tested under reversed cyclic inelastic displacements and compressive axial load, whose magnitude was held constant throughout the test. From the test results, it was observed that the ultimate curvature ductility factor obtained for these columns were about 10, which are considered to behave in a limited ductility manner. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bulky Cations and Four different Polyiodide Anions in [Lu(Db18c6)(H2O)3(thf)6]4(I3)2(I5)6(I8)(I12)
Authors: Walbaum Christine , Pantenburg Ingo , Junk Peter , Deacon Glen B. , Meyer Gerd 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBlack single crystals of [Lu(Db18c6)(H2O)3(thf)6]4(I3)2(I5)6(I8)(I12) were obtained from lutetium, I2 and Db18c6 (dibenzo‐18‐crown‐6) in THF solution. In the bulky cation, Lu3+ is surrounded by nine oxygen atoms, six of Db18c6 and three of water molecules to which two THF molecules are attached each. Meanwhile, four polyiodide anions, (I3)–, (I5)–, (I8)2– and (I12)2–, in a 2:6:1:1 ratio form a three‐dimensional network and leave space for the bulky cations.
Perioperative Outcomes of Pancreaticoduodenectomy: Nepalese Experience
Authors: Lakhey Paleswan Joshi , Bhandari Ramesh Singh , Ghimire Bikal , Khakurel Mahesh 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundPancreaticodudenectomy (PD) is a high‐risk, technically demanding operation associated with substantial perioperative morbidity and mortality. This review is intended to evaluate the perioperative outcomes of PD done in a single gastrointestinal surgery unit of a university teaching hospital.Patients and methodsA retrospective review of medical records of patients who underwent PD from April 2005 through May 2009 was done. Perioperative morbidity was defined according to the standard of the International Study Group for Pancreatic Fistula (ISGPF). The patient demographics, type of surgery, and perioperative morbidity and mortality were evaluated. The factors associated with increased morbidity were analyzed.ResultsTwenty‐four patients underwent PD, and there were no perioperative deaths. The overall morbidity was 58%, with a pancreatic fistula rate of 13%. None of the associated parameters, like increasing age, the presence of co‐morbidity, preoperative biliary drainage, and duration of surgery, were found to increase the morbidity. These results of PD, though a small case series, are comparable to the international standard. Better outcomes can be achieved even in low‐ to medium‐volume centers in developing countries where a dedicated team with special interest in pancreatic surgery is in place.ConclusionsAlthough there were no deaths after PD in our series, the morbidity was higher than that observed in other high‐volume centers. To decrease the morbidity associated with PD, various factors must be streamlined, among them, the operative technique and the intensive perioperative management of the patient, as well as uniform definition of complications, use of a multidisciplinary approach, and identification of associated risk factors.
Percentage of Cesarean Sections Among Total Surgical Procedures in Sub‐Saharan Africa: Possible Indicator of the Overall Adequacy of Surgical Care
Authors: Kushner Adam L. , Groen Reinou S. , Kingham T. Peter 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess emergency and essential surgical care in low‐income countries, review of the literature to obtain data on the number of cesarean sections, and compare the results with the total number of all operations. This cesarean section/total operations ratio was much higher for low‐income countries than for high‐income countries. We recommend more research into the validity of this tool for use as a possible proxy indicator for overall adequacy of emergency and essential surgical care.
Increased Hepcidin Production Impairs Iron Metabolism after Pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Kosuge Takayuki , Sawada Tokihiko , Shimoda Mitsugi , Kita Junji , Tomosugi Naohisa , Kubota Keiichi 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe duodenum is a central organ for iron absorption. This study was performed to evaluate changes in body iron concentration and other iron‐related molecules sequentially, in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).MethodsTwenty‐one patients who had undergone PD at our department were enrolled in the study. Measurements of serum iron (sFe), total iron‐binding capacity (TIBC), serum ferritin (sFer), C‐reactive protein (CRP), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), and serum hepcidin (sHep) were performed before surgery (Pre), and on postoperative days 3 (D3), 7 (D7), and 14 (D14).ResultsThe median values of sFe on Pre, D3, D7, and D14 were 73.0, 30.0, 33.0, and 41.0 μg/ dL, respectively (P < 0.05), and those of TIBC were 276.0, 160.0, 176.0, and 165.0 μg/ dL, respectively (P < 0.05). CRP and IL‐6 became maximal on D3. The median values of sHep on Pre, D3, D7, and D14 were 18.9, 42.9, 25.7, and 21.2 mg/dL, respectively (P < 0.05). Hb and Ht reached minimum values on D3 and remained low until D14. The median values of sFer on Pre, D3, D7, and D14 were 135, 301, 267, and 233 ng/ dL, respectively.ConclusionsHepcidin production is increased after pancreatoduodenectomy. Because hepcidin is known to divert iron to storage‐type ferritin rather than to erythropoiesis, iron administration intended for erythropoiesis during this period may be ineffective.
The neurological manifestations of Gaucher disease type 1: the French Observatoire on Gaucher disease (FROG)
Authors: Chérin P. , Rose C. , de Roux‐Serratrice C. , Tardy D. , Dobbelaere D. , Grosbois B. , Hachulla E. , Jaussaud R. , Javier R.‐M. , Noël E. , Clerson P. , Hartmann A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundGaucher disease (GD), the most prevalent inherited lysosomal storage disorder, is caused by deficient glucocerebrosidase activity. Type 1 GD (GD1), the most common variant, is classically considered non‐neuronopathic.MethodsWe performed a national cross‐sectional observational survey—the French Observatoire on Gaucher Disease (FROG)—in patients with GD1 between March 2005 and September 2006. The study included all patients over 18 years of age with confirmed GD1 who attended participating centers for regular follow‐up.ResultsOne hundred and five patients were included, in whom we studied the prevalence and characteristics of relevant neurological symptoms associated with the neuraxis. Of these, 51 (49%) GD1 patients presented at least one neurological symptom. Four patients (4%) had Parkinson disease and 22 (21%) presented with at least one parkinsonian sign or at least one sign frequently associated with Parkinson disease. Five patients (5%) had a previous diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy. Other central nervous system symptoms were recorded in 20 (19%) patients and other peripheral nervous system symptoms in 39 (37%) patients.ConclusionsThese data challenge the current classification of GD, and suggest that the three forms of GD each involve a different profile of neurological manifestations.
Childhood onset of Scheie syndrome, the attenuated form of mucopolysaccharidosis I
Authors: Thomas Janet A. , Beck Michael , Clarke Joe T. R. , Cox Gerald F. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScheie syndrome is the most attenuated and rarest form of mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I), an inherited lysosomal storage disorder. Only small patient series have previously been reported. Using natural history data from the uniquely large population of 78 Scheie patients enrolled in the MPS I Registry, we characterized the onset and prevalence of clinical manifestations and explored reasons for delayed diagnosis of the disease. Median patient age was 17.5 years; 46% of the patients were male, and 88% were Caucasian. Of 25 MPS I‐related clinical features, cardiac valve abnormalities, joint contractures, and corneal clouding were each reported by >80% and all three by 53% of patients. Carpal tunnel syndrome, hernia, coarse facial features, and hepatomegaly were each reported by >50% of patients. Age at onset of the clinical features varied widely between individuals, but the median age at onset was 3 years for hernia and between 5 and 12 years for most features, including coarse facial features, hepatomegaly, joint contractures, bone deformities, cardiac valve abnormalities, cognitive impairment, and corneal clouding. Carpal tunnel syndrome, cardiomyopathy, and myelopathy arose more commonly during adolescence or adulthood. Delays up to 47 years intervened between symptom onset and disease diagnosis, and the longest delays were associated with later age at symptom onset and symptom onset before 1980. In summary, Scheie syndrome usually emerges during childhood, and recognition of attenuated MPS I requires awareness of the multisystemic disease manifestations and their diverse presentation. Given the availability of etiologic treatment, prompt diagnosis is important.
Succession in myxomycete communities on deadPinus densiflorawood in a secondary forest in southwestern Japan
Authors: Kazunari Takahashi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractChanges in myxomycete communities and species were investigated over an 8‐year period in relation to the decay state of deadPinus densifloraSiebold & Zucc. wood on which myxomycete fruiting bodies occurred. The study was carried out during three different seasons in a pine forest in southwestern Japan. A total of 44 species and seven varieties of myxomycetes were recorded. The species richness and diversity of the annual myxomycete communities did not clearly change in relation to the series of years, but the percent similarity of the myxomycete community from the beginning of the survey through the following years tended to decrease every season. The ordination of the annual communities, analyzed using non‐metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), indicated that seasonal factors on the first axis and the decay state of the wood on the second axis were significantly related. Species colonization patterns were arranged using succession indices and the distribution of certain species at particular times of the year:Arcyria ferruginea,A. obvelata,Lamproderma arcyrionema, andPhysarum virideearly in the year andStemonitopsis hyperopta,Cribraria intricata,Lindbladia cribrarioides,Lamproderma columbinum,Tubifera ferruginosa, andTrichia verrucosalater on. Changes in the relative abundance of colony sizes of several species showed annual trends. Species using slightly decayed wood at the beginning were replaced by those using more brittle wood as the years progressed. Myxomycete succession on dead wood changed through time as the wood decayed, based on species preferences for particular decay stages.
Temporal changes in the reproductive population structures and males’ secondary sexual character of the hermit crab Diogenes nitidimanus
Authors: Koga Tsunenori , Yoshino Kenji , Fukuda Yuri 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe investigated the reproductive ecology of D. nitidimanus in the Waka‐River estuary with special reference to temporal change in the relative size of chelae length for males, i.e., secondary sexual character. Ovigerous females were observed from April to October, peaking in June–July with over 90% of females being ovigerous. Adult female carapace size ranged from 3.5 to 8.5 mm, but with the majority of females falling between 5–6 mm. Male carapace length was more evenly distributed between 3.5 and 10 mm. Juvenile settlement occurred mostly in July, during which time the frequency of both large females (over 6.5 mm in carapace length) and large males (over 8.5 mm in carapace length) clearly decreased. The carapace length of precopulatory‐guarded females varied from 4.8 to 8.0 mm, while guarding males were almost over 7 mm and always larger than their paired females. The relative growth of the major chelae differed significantly between small and large males during the early months of the year, including the reproductive peak months (April–June). During these early months, large males had relatively larger chelae for their body size than did small crabs. This difference, however, was not evident later in the year (July–September). Large males may grow their chelae relatively long in the early months in order to take advantage of the mating opportunities during April–June. This is the first report in animals, to our knowledge, that relative size of the secondary sexual character for males temporarily change during a single reproductive season.
Increased basal FSH levels as predictors of low‐quality follicles in infertile women with endometriosis
Authors: de Carvalho Bruno Ramalho , de Sá Rosa‐e‐Silva Ana Carolina Japur , Rosa‐e‐Silva Júlio César , Reis Rosana Maria dos , Ferriani Rui Alberto , Silva‐de‐Sá Marcos Felipe 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether basal levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH) and anti‐müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count (AFC), and the numbers of dominant follicles, oocytes, and mature oocytes retrieved after ovarian stimulation differed between infertile women with endometriosis and healthy women undergoing assisted reproduction techniques (ART).MethodOf 77 consecutive ART candidates, 27 were infertile and had endometriosis. A male factor caused the infertility of the other 50, who acted as controls.ResultsThe AMH and AFC levels were similar in the 2 groups. The FSH levels were higher (8.28 mIU/mL [range, 5.25–24.1 mIU/mL] vs 5.91 mIU/mL [range, 2.47–18.7 mIU/mL]; P < 0.01) in the study group. And the numbers of retrieved (n = 5 [range, 0–12] vs n = 9 [range, 0–27; P < 0.05) and mature oocytes (n = 4 [range, 0–11] vs n = 5 [range, 0–16]; P < 0.05) were less in the study group.ConclusionBecause AMH levels were unchanged, endometriosis seems not to damage the primordial pool of follicles and oocytes, but to lessen the quality of the ovarian response to the hCG injection. Basal FSH levels may be of value in predicting ART success in women with the disease.
Fatigue and Fatigability in Older Adults
Authors: Eldadah Basil A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFatigue is believed to be a common complaint among older adults; however, multiple studies of self‐reported fatigue across the lifespan have found this may not be the case. To explain this paradox, this article considers “fatigability”–a phenotype characterized by the relationship between an individual's perceived fatigue and the activity level with which the fatigue is associated. Fatigability may be measured by combining self‐report measures of fatigue with performance of physical or cognitive activities, provided that the work of the activity is known or can be standardized. Doing so prevents self‐pacing and allows meaningful comparisons across subjects and between studies. Increased fatigability with aging may arise from a variety of factors including age‐related changes in energy production or utilization, and inflammatory mechanisms. A few published intervention studies have targeted fatigue in older adults, though none have examined fatigability specifically. Because fatigue may represent a physiologic warning system, future clinical studies may benefit from a focus on fatigability, where both symptoms and function are considered.
What is Fatigue? Pathological and Nonpathological Fatigue
Authors: Jason Leonard A. , Evans Meredyth , Brown Molly , Porter Nicole 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAid in understanding issues surrounding the construct validity of fatigue including the distinction between pathological versus nonpathological fatigue. Fatigue is a universal symptom reported by individuals in the general population as well as by those suffering from different medical and psychological illnesses, including cancer, multiple sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, depression, and anxiety. Chronic fatigue is a significant problem in many primary care settings, and the debilitating and prolonged nature of fatigue can pose significant economic consequences for society. Researchers have struggled to better assess and understand the etiology and classification of fatigue within different illness groups.