bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Biotransformation of Isoflavones in Soymilk Supplemented with Lactose Using Probiotic Bacteria during Extended Fermentation
Authors: Ding W.K. , Shah N.P. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT:  Soymilk (SM) lacks lactose; hence supplementation of SM with lactose is likely to enhance the growth of probiotic bacteria and biotransformation of isoflavone glycosides to isoflavone aglycones. In this study, 11 strains of probiotic bacteria including Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. salivarius, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. paracasei, HOWARU L. rhamnosus, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium lactis type Bi‐07, B. longum, HOWARU B. bifidum, and B lactis type Bi‐04 were inoculated individually or as mixed cultures into SM and soymilk supplemented with lactose (SML). A total of 2% of lactose was added to 1 L of SM with the aim of improving the growth of probiotic organisms and promoting the biotransformation of isoflavone isomers to bioactive isoflavone aglycomes. Samples of SM were incubated at 37 °C and 10 mL aliquots of SM were taken at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h to monitor the growth of probiotic bacteria and changes in isoflavone contents using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results indicated that SML fermented with probiotics had higher viable counts by >2.4 log CFU/mL than that in SM at the end of the 72 h fermentation period. Mixed cultures grew at different rates and in general Lactobacilius spp. had >1.02 log CFU/mL more cells than Bifidobacterium spp. at the end of the fermentation period. The total aglycone content in SM at 72 h of fermentation was 0.924 mg/100 mL, whereas that in SML was 1.623 mg/100 mL. Addition of lactose not only improved the growth of probiotic bacteria in SM but also enhanced the biotransformation of isoflavone glucosides to the more bioactive isoflavone aglycones. Mixed cultures did not improve the biotransformation of bioactive isoflavones when compared to single cultures.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Are 10 min of seating enough to guarantee stable haemoglobin and haematocrit readings for the athlete’s biological passport?
Authors: AHLGRIM C. , POTTGIESSER T. , ROBINSON N. , SOTTAS P. E. , RUECKER G. , SCHUMACHER Y. O. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryHaemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (Hct) are measured as indirect markers of doping in athletes. We studied the effect of posture on these parameters in a typical antidoping setting. Venous blood samples were obtained from nine endurance athletes (six males, three females) and nine control subjects (six males, three females) immediately and after 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 min after having adopted a seated position from normal daily activity. Hb (CV 0.72%) and Hct (CV 0.87%) were determined using an automated cell counter, plasma volume changes were calculated. Differences between the time points, gender and groups were calculated using a mixed‐model procedure. Significant changes were observed in the first 10 min after sitting down but no further changes were noted between 10 and 30 min. Mean directional change for Hb and Hct between 0 min and the average of the period from 10 to 30 min was −2.4% (−0.35 g/dl) for Hb and −2.7% (−1.2%) for Hct. Plasma volume increased accordingly. Neither group nor gender had significant effects. Under typical conditions encountered during blood testing in doping control, a period of 10 min in a seated position is sufficient for the vascular volumes to re‐equilibrate and to adapt to the new posture.
Living with head and neck cancer: a profile of captivity
Authors: Björklund Margereth , Sarvimäki Anneli , Berg Agneta 
Published: February 2010

björklund m, sarvimäki a & berg a (2010) Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 22–31 Living with head and neck cancer: a profile of captivityAim.  To illuminate what it means to live with head and neck cancer.Background.  Patients could experience head and neck cancer as more emotionally traumatic than other cancers because of visible disfigurement and its life‐threatening impact on vital functions. This long‐term illness often leads to lifestyle changes such as to physical function, work and everyday tasks, interpersonal relationships and social functioning.Design.  This study used a qualitative and explorative longitudinal and prospective design with semi‐structured interviews and open‐ended questions. Twenty‐one interviews were conducted with six participants with newly diagnosed or newly recurrent head and neck cancer. The analysis was descriptive and interpretive.Findings.  The participants were living ‘in captivity’ in the sense that their symptoms were constant reminders of the disease. Our findings also revealed existential loneliness and spiritual growth, as interpreted within six themes: altered sense of affiliation; hostage of health care; locked up in a broken body, but with a free spirit; confined in a rogue body, forced dependency on others, and caught up in a permanent illness trajectory.Conclusions.  Living with head and neck cancer involves emotional and existential vulnerability. The participants and their next of kin experienced insufficient support from health services and inadequate coordination between phases of their lengthy illness trajectory. These findings call for changes in oncological rehabilitation and management. Patient care must take a holistic view of everyone involved, centring on the individual and the promotion of health. A care coordinator could navigate between the individual patient needs and appropriate health services, hopefully with results that lessen the individual’s emotional and existential confinement.
How nurse prescribing is being used in diabetes services: views of nurses and team members
Authors: Carey Nicola , Stenner Karen , Courtenay Molly 
Published: February 2010

carey n, stenner k & courtenay m (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 13–21 How nurse prescribing is being used in diabetes services: views of nurses and team membersAim.  To explore the views of nurses, doctors, non‐nurse prescribers and administrative staff on how nurse prescribing is being used in diabetes services.Background.  Nurse‐led services enhance care and improve outcomes for patients with diabetes. Research indicates that care delivered by nurse prescribers can improve efficiency and support new ways of working. There is no evidence reported that explores nurses and team member views on how nurse prescribing is being used in diabetes services.Method.  A collective case study of nine practice settings across England in which nurses prescribed medicines for patients with diabetes. A thematic analysis of semi‐structured interview data collected during 2007 and 2008. Participants were qualified nurse prescribers, administrative staff, doctors and non‐prescribing nurses.Findings.  Nurse prescribing was reported to enhance and support a variety of models of diabetes care. It enabled nurses to work more independently and provide a more streamlined service. Maintaining a team approach ensured that nurses continued to learn and maintained good relationships with doctors.Conclusion.  Nurse prescribing is being successfully used to support and develop more streamlined services for patients with diabetes. Individual and organisational factors, as well as the interpretation of policy initiatives are reported to influence how prescribing is used in practice. Understanding the implications of these forces is important if the full potential of this new and developing role is to be realised.Relevance to clinical practice.  Nurses have an important role to play in the medicines management of patients with diabetes. Nurse prescribing supports and enhances established diabetes services. Prescribing allows nurses to develop diabetes services around the needs of the individual and introduce new ways of working such as the single review process.
Health‐related quality of life and symptom classification in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Smith Graeme D , Steinke Doug T , Penny Kay I , Kinnear Moira , Penman Ian D 
Published: February 2010

smith gd, steinke dt, penny ki, kinnear m & penman id (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 4–12 Health‐ related quality of life and symptom classification in patients with irritable bowel syndromeBackground.  Previous research has established that health‐related quality of life can be adversely affected by irritable bowel syndrome IBS. Irritable bowel syndrome has been classified to subgroups by predominant bowel symptom: constipation, diarrhoea or alternating between the two. Little is presently known about the specific impact of irritable bowel syndrome on health‐related quality of life within disease sub‐groups across time.Aims.  To examine the health‐related quality of life in a cohort of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome to explore the association between quality of life and disease subtype classification.Setting.  The general population of the UK.Design.  Longitudinal cohort survey was conducted.Methods.  Individuals with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome were recruited via a UK‐wide newspaper advertisement. The health‐related quality of life was measured using a battery of validated questionnaires.Results.  Data on 494 participants with a Rome II confirmed diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome were examined. Measurement of generic health‐related quality of life revealed lower median scores (poorer quality of life) in anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort domains of health.Conclusion.  Health‐related quality of life is impaired in community based individuals with IBS. Patients appear to fluctuate between sub‐groups when irritable bowel syndrome is classified across time. This study suggests that the impact of irritable bowel syndrome may be greatly underestimated.Relevance for clinical practice.  The use of sub‐group classification and understanding of predictive factors may allow for a more flexible and efficient approach to healthcare assessment and patient care for people with irritable bowel syndrome.
Meeting the needs of people diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis: an analysis of patient‐reported experience
Authors: Brand Caroline , Claydon‐Platt Kate , McColl Geoffrey , Bucknall Tracey 
Published: February 2010

brand c, claydon‐platt k, mccoll g & bucknall t (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 75–83 Meeting the needs of people diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis: an analysis of patient‐reported experienceAim.  The primary aim of the study was to explore perceived needs, and adequacy of the current model of care for people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who live in Victoria, Australia.Background.  Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic often disabling form of inflammatory arthritis that affects approximately 1% of the population. The condition preferentially affects women with onset most common between the ages of 39–50 years, but an important subgroup has onset in later years. Management of RA involves treatment from a range of healthcare providers over many years as well as self‐management by the person affected. Yet, there is limited information available about the needs of people with RA to guide service development for this chronic condition at different stages of life.Method.  In a qualitative exploratory study, a trained facilitator used semi‐structured questions in taped interviews to explore; the impact of RA diagnosis, experience with healthcare providers and services, barriers to better care, and ways in which services could be improved. The research was conducted between May 2005–January 2006.Conclusions.  There were 45 participants (9 male, 36 female) with a mean age at disease onset of 44 years (SD 15·4). The main themes in relation with perceived needs were emotional response, empowerment and support. Whilst participant responses could be separated and grouped within these themes, there is interdependence in the way in which service delivery currently influences perceived needs and could be improved.Relevance to clinical practice.  Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic condition in which many of the issues faced are similar to those faced by people with other chronic conditions. However, this condition also presents different issues due to its impact on younger women and the necessary focus on specialist management. These factors need to be carefully considered in designing new models of care for RA.
The experience of parenting children with chronic health conditions: a new reality
Authors: Kepreotes Elizabeth , Keatinge Diana , Stone Teresa 
Published: February 2010

kepreotes e, Keatinge D & Stone T (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 51–62 The experience of parenting children with chronic health conditions: a new realityAim.  This study was undertaken to synthesise recent qualitative literature in the years 2000 to 2009, exploring the phenomenon of parents’ experiences of parenting a child with one or more chronic health conditions.Background.  The experience of parenting children with chronic health conditions has been predominantly studied by examining the effects of specific illnesses such as sickle cell anaemia and cystic fibrosis. While the chronic conditions may differ, the parents of children with any chronic illness appear to experience similar phenomena as they care for and parent their affected children.Method.  Metasynthesis is an exacting process of analysis of focused qualitative research results aimed at advancing knowledge and concept development through the synthesis and summation of themes and concepts extracted from the included studies.Results.  The parents of children with a wide range of chronic conditions described similar experiences in the reviewed qualitative studies. The key findings of this metasynthesis were major themes describing grief, particularly relating to the diagnosis, and as an ongoing chronic state; a lack of information; and the inadequacy of some relationships with professionals.Conclusion.  This metasynthesis provides an enhanced empirical understanding of the experiences of people who parent and care for children with chronic health conditions as described by the reviewed literature. While it is apparent that many of these experiences are perceived as negative and undesirable, parents are also noted to describe positive experiences which enhance their lives and give them meaning.Relevance to clinical practice.  This metasynthesis provides healthcare professionals with information pertaining to the lived experiences of the parents of children with chronic health conditions. It highlights areas requiring special attention such as communication, support, and understanding, and challenges the concepts of family‐centred care and true partnership between the child, parents and professionals.
On the combinatorial classification of toric log del Pezzo surfaces
Authors: Kasprzyk Alexander M. , Kreuzer Maximilian , Nill Benjamin 
Published: February 2010

AbstractToric log del Pezzo surfaces correspond to convex lattice polygons containing the origin in their interior and having only primitive vertices. Upper bounds on the volume and on the number of boundary lattice points of these polygons are derived in terms of the index ℓ. Techniques for classifying these polygons are also described: a direct classification for index two is given, and a classification for all ℓ≤16 is obtained.
Non-variational computation of the eigenstates of Dirac operators with radially symmetric potentials
Authors: Boulton Lyonell , Boussaid Nabile 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe discuss a novel strategy for computing the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the relativistic Dirac operator with a radially symmetric potential. The virtues of this strategy lie in the fact that it avoids completely the phenomenon of spectral pollution and it always provides two-sided estimates for the eigenvalues with explicit error bounds on both eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. We also discuss convergence rates of the method and illustrate our results with various numerical experiments.
On the Transient of Pressure Waves in Ducts for Systems Operating in Industrial Automation
Authors: Messina Arcangelo , Rollo Giosué 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Within the frame of industrial automation, the mechanical power related to pneumatic actuator systems involves air flows along with mechanical component, such as valves, connecting tubes, cylinder chambers and possible linkages in order to finally actuate a specific objective. Gas dynamic of the air flowing into connecting ducts plays a fundamental role in the description of the global dynamic phenomena of these systems. Several studies deal with the dynamics of such pneumatic systems but through streamlined analysis where the influence of pressure-waves propagating in ducts is neglected or poorly described. The related models are even more complex when finite volumes are placed at the ends of connecting lines. In this paper, two different mathematical models describing transient pressure-waves propagating through lines closed by finite volumes are presented. The investigation regards pressure and velocity ranges normally operating in industrial pneumatic systems. Besides the value of new system modeling of different complexity, these models are compared from an analytical and numerical point of view; advantages, disadvantages, weakness, abilities, and inabilities are highlighted and, finally, the relevant analysis is corroborated through experimental validations of wave propagating pressure at fixed positions of ducts. This study results both in the presentation of models of practical interest, as well as in an attempt to provide an elucidation on the need to resort to an accurate model rather than a streamlined one with respect to the geometric and/or operative characteristics of industrial pneumatic systems.
Systemic inflammatory response syndrome in diseases of the skin
Authors: Thomas Molly , Peter John Victor , Williams Abhilasha , Job Victoria , George Renu 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Background
A number of dermatological conditions present with features of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). This study evaluated the incidence and outcome of SIRS in patients with dermatological diseases.

Study design
Prospective cohort study.

Results
Patients admitted to a university hospital with a skin disease and fulfilling at least two SIRS criteria were included. The primary outcome measure was mortality. Secondary outcomes included incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), sepsis, severe sepsis and shock. Over 14 months, 2765 inpatients with skin related problems were examined. These included 721 patients admitted directly to the dermatology ward and 2044 patients referred from other departments within the hospital, with cutaneous manifestations. The incidence of SIRS in this cohort was 2.4% (n=67). The mean (SD) age was 32.6 (19.7) years with a male:female ratio of 1.2:1. Cutaneous adverse drug reaction (CADR) was the most common cause of SIRS (35.8%). During hospitalisation, 37 patients (55.2%) developed sepsis, 23 (34.4%) MODS, 15 (22.4%) severe sepsis and 6 (9%) shock. Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus was the most common skin isolate (41.4%) and Enterococcus the most common blood isolate. Overall mortality was 15% (10/67). Older age, low albumin, MODS, severe sepsis and shock were associated with an increased risk of death (p&lt;0.03). Positive blood cultures, liver or lung involvement were also significantly associated with increased mortality (p&lt;0.01).

Conclusion
The incidence of SIRS was low in dermatological diseases. In this cohort, CADR was the most common cause of SIRS. Patients who developed sepsis or MODS had a poor outcome.
Does the timing of comorbidity affect colorectal cancer survival? A population based study
Authors: Shack Lorraine G , Rachet Bernard , Williams Evelyn M I , Northover John M A , Coleman Michel P 
Published: February 2010

Abstract

Objectives
Comorbid conditions in colorectal cancer patients can influence both clinical eligibility for treatment and survival. We aimed to evaluate the effect of comorbidity on 1 year survival from colorectal cancer, and to assess whether this effect varied with the timing of the comorbidity in relation to the cancer diagnosis.

Study design and setting
A population based cohort of 29 563 colorectal cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2004 in the North West of England was evaluated. The excess hazard of death up to 1 year after diagnosis was estimated using deprivation and region specific life tables to adjust for background mortality. Results were adjusted for age and stage at diagnosis.

Results
Comorbid conditions diagnosed during the period 18 to 6 months before the diagnosis of colorectal cancer were strongly associated with lower survival at 1 year. Stage and age remained the strongest predictors of cancer related mortality even after adjustment for comorbidity.

Conclusions
Administrative data provide a good estimate of the prevalence of most comorbid conditions but may be biased for some comorbid conditions that can be contra-indicators for cancer treatment. The time window in which a comorbid condition occurs in relation to the cancer diagnosis should be taken into account. Adjustment should be carried out, where possible, to provide more robust and clinically appropriate comparisons of population based cancer patient survival.
Early dietary exposures and feeding practices: role in pathogenesis and prevention of allergic disease?
Authors: Jennings S , Prescott S L 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Immune dysregulation has become a hallmark of the modern era. This has led to an epidemic of disease states that result from failed immune surveillance and inappropriate or maladaptive immune responses to self-antigens (autoimmunity) and environmental antigens (allergy). Although environmental change is clearly implicated, the specific causes are still unconfirmed. Any hope to reverse such immune dysfunction must be based on a clearer understanding of the causal pathways and the environmental factors that may be driving the concerning surge in disease rates. This review explores the role of modern dietary changes that, through their known documented immune effects, may play a role in either promoting or preventing disease. Food allergen avoidance has been largely unsuccessful, and most expert bodies no longer recommend delayed complementary feeding or the avoidance of any specific allergenic foods, unless symptoms develop and allergy is confirmed. Rather, focus has shifted to other factors that may influence the ability to develop immune tolerance. There is now evidence that specific nutrients, such as folate, have the capacity to promote an allergic phenotype by epigenetically altering gene expression during early development. A number of other dietary factors including n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, oligosaccharides, probiotics, vitamin D, retinoic acid and other antioxidants may also clearly influence immune function and immune development. This review summarises the current evidence, recommendations and future directions in the context of allergy, with the aim of highlighting the need to further investigate the role of diet and nutrition in disease pathogenesis and prevention.