bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Thyroglobulin Autoantibodies on Thyroglobulin Levels Measured by Different Methodologies: IMA, LC-MS/MS, and RIA
Authors: Petrovic Ivana , LoPresti Jonathan , Fatemi Shireen , Gianoukakis Andrew , Burman Kenneth , Gomez-Lima Cristiane J , Nguyen Caroline T , Spencer Carole Ann 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Context
Serum thyroglobulin (Tg) measured by immunometric assay (IMA) is prone to underestimation due to Tg autoantibody (TgAb) interference, often prompting reflex Tg measurement by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (MS) or radioimmunoassay (RIA).

Objective
IMA, MS, and RIA methodologies were used to measure serum Tg in TgAb-negative (TgAb−) and TgAb-positive (TgAb+) patients with either distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) or hyperthyroidism (HY)—patients in whom a detectable serum Tg would be expected.

Results
When TgAb was absent, all methodologies detected Tg in the sera of all DTC and HY patients and reported appropriate Tg trends and treatment responses for DTC patients with progressive distant metastatic disease, albeit with high between-method variability (&gt; 30% coefficient of variability). When TgAb was present, all methodologies reported lower serum Tg levels for both DTC and HY groups vs their respective TgAb− group. No Tg was detected by IMA or MS in ∼50% TgAb+ DTC patients (6% had no Tg detected by RIA). Surprisingly, 5% of TgAb+ HY patients also had no Tg detected by IMA or MS. The inverse log TgAb/log Tg correlations seen for the TgAb+ HY patient group with all methods suggested the presence of a TgAb-associated serum Tg-lowering effect.

Conclusion
(i) Between-method Tg variability necessitates method continuity when monitoring the Tg trends of TgAb− DTC patients. (ii) The presence and concentration of TgAb appeared to have a lowering effect on serum Tg measured by all methodologies (IMA, MS, and RIA). (iii) Since the reliability of Tg measured in the presence of TgAb is often uncertain, the TgAb trend (measured by the same method) may be a useful surrogate DTC tumor marker.
Single-Stage Endoscopic Repair of Pediatric Basal Encephalocele: A Comprehensive Multimedia Case Report
Authors: Valencia-Sanchez Bastien A. , Levy Michael , Patel Vijay A. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:
Basal encephaloceles are the result of a concomitant cranial and dural defect that allows for inferior displacement of cerebral tissue, meninges, and cerebrospinal fluid into the paranasal sinuses and outside the cranial vault. This work illustrates a step-by-step surgical approach of a successful single-stage, endoscopic repair of a congenital basal encephalocele in a 10-year-old child, using a free mucosal middle turbinate graft that provided effective results without utilization of traditional open reconstructive techniques or vascularized flaps.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:
A previously healthy 10-year-old male with a history of unilateral clear rhinorrhea was admitted as an inpatient because of an acute episode of nausea, vomiting, and confusion, accompanied by fever, diplopia, and bilateral abducens nerve palsies. Preoperative imaging revealed a 2-cm right-sided intranasal mass accompanied by a subcentimeter skull base defect spanning the lateral lamella. After completing a course of intravenous antibiotic therapy for 1 week after a negative lumbar puncture to ensure clearance of intracranial infection, the decision was made to proceed with definitive endoscopic skull base repair to obviate recurrent bacterial meningitis episodes and potential neurological complications.

CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrates technical feasibility of a single-stage endoscopic endonasal approach for pediatric basal encephalocele resection and repair which minimizes craniofacial morbidity associated with traditional open approaches and sinonasal morbidity associated with local pedicle-based flaps for small cranial base defects in this unique patient population.
Advancing data honesty in experimental biology
Authors: Dubiner Shahar , Arbel-Groissman Matan 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The ease with which scientific data, particularly certain types of raw data in experimental biology, can be fabricated without trace begs urgent attention. This is thought to be a widespread problem across the academic world, where published results are the major currency, incentivizing publication of (usually positive) results at the cost of lax scientific rigor and even fraudulent data. Although solutions to improve data sharing and methodological transparency are increasingly being implemented, the inability to detect dishonesty within raw data remains an inherent flaw in the way in which we judge research. We therefore propose that one solution would be the development of a non-modifiable raw data format that could be published alongside scientific results; a format that would enable data authentication from the earliest stages of experimental data collection. A further extension of this tool could allow changes to the initial original version to be tracked, so every reviewer and reader could follow the logical footsteps of the author and detect unintentional errors or intentional manipulations of the data. Were such a tool to be developed, we would not advocate its use as a prerequisite for journal submission; rather, we envisage that authors would be given the option to provide such authentication. Only authors who did not manipulate or fabricate their data can provide the original data without risking discovery, so the mere choice to do so already increases their credibility (much like ‘honest signaling’ in animals). We strongly believe that such a tool would enhance data honesty and encourage more reliable science.
Temporal Variability in Stride Kinematics during the Application of TENS: A Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: DANESHGAR SAJJAD , HOITZ FABIAN , ENOKA ROGER M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The purpose of our report was to use a Random Forest classification approach to predict the association between transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and walking kinematics at the stride level when middle-aged and older adults performed the 6-min test of walking endurance.

Methods
Data from 41 participants (aged 64.6 ± 9.7 yr) acquired in two previously published studies were analyzed with a Random Forest algorithm that focused on upper and lower limb, lumbar, and trunk kinematics. The four most predictive kinematic features were identified and utilized in separate models to distinguish between three walking conditions: burst TENS, continuous TENS, and control. SHAP analysis and linear mixed models were used to characterize the differences among these conditions.

Results
Modulation of four key kinematic features—toe-out angle, toe-off angle, and lumbar range of motion (ROM) in coronal and sagittal planes—accurately predicted walking conditions for the burst (82% accuracy) and continuous (77% accuracy) TENS conditions compared with control. Linear mixed models detected a significant difference in lumbar sagittal ROM between the TENS conditions. SHAP analysis revealed that burst TENS was positively associated with greater lumbar coronal ROM, smaller toe-off angle, and less lumbar sagittal ROM. Conversely, continuous TENS was associated with less lumbar coronal ROM and greater lumbar sagittal ROM.

Conclusions
Our approach identified four kinematic features at the stride level that could distinguish between the three walking conditions. These distinctions were not evident in average values across strides.
Don’t Hurry, Be Happy! The Bright Side of Late Product Release
Authors: Harutyunyan Mushegh , Narasimhan Chakravarthi 
Published: April 2024

When a firm releases its product later than its competitor, the firm loses sales because many consumers prefer to buy the competitor’s product rather than wait for the firm’s product release. Therefore, in the absence of any late-mover advantages, conventional wisdom suggests that competing firms will release their products as soon as possible to avoid losing customers if they were to enter later. However, when the market evolves over time and consumers are forward-looking, we demonstrate that this intuition fails and propose a new explanation for why a firm may strategically release its product later than its competitor. Namely, a firm’s late entry can help alleviate price competition due to some consumers’ decisions to wait for the firm’s product release instead of buying a currently available product. We show that in markets where the growth rate is sufficiently high and differentiation between firms is not too low, the firm’s profit gain from alleviated price competition dominates its profit loss from reduced sales, making the firm better off by releasing its product later than the competitor. Surprisingly, when the fraction of consumers who enter the market relatively early increases, the firm may have even greater incentives to release its product late. Finally, we consider markets where firms are differentiated both horizontally and vertically, with one firm having a higher quality (or stronger brand image) than its competitor. We find that high level of vertical differentiation will induce both high- and low-quality firms to rush to the market, releasing their products in the early period. However, when vertical differentiation is moderately high, the high-quality firm may choose to release late, whereas the low-quality firm will prefer to release its product early. History: Anthony Dukes served as the senior editor for this article. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2023.0393 .
POR UMA EDUCAÇÃO LIBERTADORA:
Authors: Rossatto Cesar Augusto , Furley Ana Karyne Loureiro GonçAlves Willcox , Pinel Hiran 
Published: April 2024

A discussão sobre Princípios, Políticas e Práticas na Área das Necessidades Educativas Especiais tem ganhado destaque no campo da Educação e dos direitos humanos nos últimos anos. Um dos grandes desafios dessa área diz respeito à garantia de direitos frente às políticas públicas já estabelecidas e, infelizmente, violadas. A temática “brincar como direito humano”, nesse tempo vivido, tem rompido o espaço da educação infantil, particularmente o espaço escolar, adentrado espaços não escolares, como os espaços hospitalares. A pensar, o que é e como é ser criança e o adolescente em situação de vulnerabilidade (doenças, guerras, situações de extrema pobreza) a partir da retificação da Declaração de Salamanca de 2005, é de certa forma, apresentar, em parte, o cenário mundial, visto que enquanto sociedade temos vivenciado cenários políticos devastadores, guerras civis, guerra do tráfico de drogas e que deixam para trás uma vida construída. Recomeçar a partir do que não se tem! Re-começar, nesse caso, do que é velado como direito. Assumindo a perspectiva teórico-metodológica indicada por Merleau-Ponty (1999) e Freire (2004, 2005) investiremos numa perspectiva que toma como referência a compreensão e a elucidação dos fenômenos em suas várias manifestações numa visão existencialista de homem no mundo, contribuindo para a reflexão e o questionamento crítico acerca de uma educação libertadora a pensar o brincar como direito humano para quem? Nesse sentido, o direito ao brincar clama pela vida!
Faraday rotation stimulated optical-rotation quasi-phase-matching technique to radiate a highly efficient elliptically polarized second harmonic
Authors: Saha Moumita , Deb Sumita 
Published: April 2024

Faraday rotation has been employed to ensure efficient frequency conversion in the ultraviolet regime. The reported 36% efficiency of the radiated 372 nm, continuous-wave second harmonic of this paper has been numerically analyzed in the presence of a magnetic field in a thin-film-coated magneto-optic crystal using the total-internal-reflection-based optical-rotation quasi-phase-matching approach, considering the influence of surface roughness, absorption loss, and the nonlinear law of reflection.
Quantifying effects of blood pressure control on neuroimaging utilization in a large multi-institutional healthcare population
Authors: Welch Theodore R. , Yaqub Aliza , Aiti Danny , Prevedello Luciano M. , Ajam Zarar A. , Nguyen Xuan V. 
Published: April 2024

Objectives
Essential hypertension is a common chronic condition that can exacerbate or complicate various neurological diseases that may necessitate neuroimaging. Given growing medical imaging costs and the need to understand relationships between population blood pressure control and neuroimaging utilization, we seek to quantify the relationship between maximum blood pressure recorded in a given year and same-year utilization of neuroimaging CT or MR in a large healthcare population.

Methods
A retrospective population-based cohort study was performed by extracting aggregate data from a multi-institutional dataset of patient encounters from 2016, 2018, and 2020 using an informatics platform (Cosmos) consisting of de-duplicated data from over 140 academic and non-academic health systems, comprising over 137 million unique patients. A population-based sample of all patients with recorded blood pressures of at least 50 mmHg DBP or 90 mmHg SBP were included. Cohorts were identified based on maximum annual SBP and DBP meeting or exceeding pre-defined thresholds. For each cohort, we assessed neuroimaging CT and MR utilization, defined as the percentage of patients undergoing ≥1 neuroimaging exam of interest in the same calendar year.

Results
The multi-institutional population consisted of >38 million patients for the most recent calendar year analyzed, with overall utilization of 3.8–5.1% for CT and 1.5–2.0% for MR across the study period. Neuroimaging utilization increased substantially with increasing annual maximum BP. Even a modest BP increase to 140 mmHg systolic or 90 mmHg diastolic is associated with 3-4-fold increases in MR and 5-7-fold increases in CT same-year imaging compared to BP values below 120 mmHg / 80 mmHg.

Conclusion
Higher annual maximum recorded blood pressure is associated with higher same-year neuroimaging CT and MR utilization rates. These observations are relevant to public health efforts on hypertension management to mitigate costs associated with growing imaging utilization.
Health-related quality of life and associated factors among primary caregivers of children with cerebral palsy, in Bahir Dar and Gondar cities, Ethiopia, 2022
Authors: Kassa Tesfa , Tadese Hiruy , Eriku Getachew Azeze , Abich Yohannes , Fentanew Molla 
Published: April 2024

Background
Caring for a child with cerebral palsy (CP) could negatively affect the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) of the mothers who are usually the primary caregivers. To the best of our ‘knowledge, there is a dearth of information on the HRQOL of primary caregivers of children with CP in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate caregivers’ HRQOL and factors associated with it in Gondar and Bahir Dar Cities, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among primary caregivers of Children with CP from April 20 to June 20, 2022, in Gondar and Bahir Dar cities. Convenience sampling was used to get study participants. Data were collected by trained health extension and community-based rehabilitation workers. The collected data were coded, cleaned, entered into EPI data, and exported to Stata-16 for analysis. A generalized linear model was employed to show the relationship between dependent and independent variables. A P-value≤0.05 was considered statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval.

Result
In this study, HRQOL among primary caregivers of children with CP was 28.72(±13.38) and 23.26(±12.37) in the physical summary score (PSC) and mental summary score (MSC) respectively. Age 17-30yeas (p-value = 0.03), unable to read and write (p = 0.01), privately employed (p = 0.01) and government employed (p = 0.02), monthly income<1000 Ethiopian Birr (ETB) (p = 0.01), insufficient sleeping (p = 0.001), others relationship(p = 0.001), have three and above children (p = 0.001), others house composition (p = 0.003), have no helpers (p = 0.001) and third birth order of child (p = 0.03) were all factors associated with HRQOL in PSC. On the other hand, income<1000ETB (p = 0.05), insufficient sleeping (p = 0.001), others in relation to the child (p = 0.001), others in house composition (p = 0.03), dyskinetic CP (p = 0.01) and ataxic CP (p = 0.001) were all factors associated with HRQOL of caregivers in MSC components.

Conclusion
The HRQOL among primary caregivers of children with CP in Bahir Dar and Gondar cities was low. Age, monthly income, educational status, sleeping status, relationship and house composition, number of living children, birth order of child, helpers, and type of CP were all significantly associated with HRQOL of primary caregivers of children with CP.
The continuance intention to vaccinate against COVID-19: An empirical study from Malaysia
Authors: Hwang Li-Ann , Vaithilingam Santha , Ng Jason Wei Jian , Nair Mahendhiran , Ahmed Pervaiz , Musa Kamarul Imran 
Published: April 2024

Background
Vaccination has been one of the most effective preventive strategies to contain the COVID-19 pandemic. However, as the COVID-19 vaccines’ effect wanes off after some time and given their reduced level of protection against mutation strains of the virus, the calls for boosters and second boosters signal the need for continuous vaccination for the foreseeable future. As Malaysia transitions into the endemic phase, the nation’s ability to co-exist with the virus in the endemic phase will hinge on people’s continuance intention to be vaccinated against the virus. Adapting the expectations confirmation model (ECM) to the public health context and in a developing country, this study integrates the ECM with the health belief model (HBM) and the theory of reasoned action (TRA) to examine the inter-relationships of the predictors of people’s continuance intention to vaccinate against COVID-19.

Methodology
Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires from 1,914 respondents aged 18 and above by a marketing consulting firm via its online panel. The partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used to analyze the data.

Results
Out of the 1,914 respondents, 55.9% reported having a continuance intention to vaccinate against COVID-19, similar to other developing countries. The multivariate analysis revealed that perceived usefulness and satisfaction significantly influenced individuals’ continuance intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Additionally, attitude was found to play a key role in influencing behavioral change among individuals towards their perceptions of continuously getting vaccinated against COVID-19.

Conclusions
By integrating three theoretical frameworks (i.e., HBM, TRA and ECM), this study showed that behavioral characteristics could provide insights towards continuance vaccination intention. Hence, policymakers and key stakeholders can develop effective public health strategies or interventions to encourage vaccine booster uptake by targeting behavioral factors such as perceived usefulness, attitude, satisfaction, and subjective norms.
Small peptide CSF fingerprint of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Lumi Rea , Petri Susanne , Siwy Justyna , Latosinska Agnieszka , Raad Julia , Zürbig Petra , Skripuletz Thomas , Mischak Harald , Beige Joachim 
Published: April 2024

Background
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by abnormal protein aggregation in the motor neurons. Present and earlier proteomic studies to characterize peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) associated with motoneuron pathology did not target low molecular weight proteins and peptides. We hypothesized that specific changes in CSF peptides or low molecular weight proteins are significantly altered in ALS, and that these changes may support deciphering molecular pathophysiology and even guide approaches towards therapeutic interventions.

Methods
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 50 ALS patients and 50 non-ALS controls was collected, centrifuged immediately after collection, aliquoted into polypropylene test tubes, frozen within 30–40 min after the puncture, and stored at −80°C until use. Peptides were sequenced using capillary electrophoresis or liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (CE-MS/MS or LC-MS/MS).

Findings
In the CSF of 50 patients and 50 non-ALS controls 33 peptides were found, of which 14 could be sequenced using a non-lytic single-pot proteomic detection method, CE/MS. ALS deregulated peptides vs. controls included Integral membrane protein 2B, Neurosecretory protein VGF, Osteopontin, Neuroendocrine protein 7B2 (Secretogranin-V), EGF-containing fibulin-like extracellular matrix protein 1, Xylosyltransferase 1 XT-1, Chromogranin-A, Superoxide dismutase SOD-1, Secretogranin-1 (Chromogranin B), NR2F2 Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 2 Group F Member 2 and Collagen alpha-1(VII) chain.

Interpretation
Most striking deregulations in CSF from ALS patients were found in VGF, Osteopontin, SOD-1 and EFEMP1 peptides. No associations of disease severity, duration and region of onset with sequenced peptides were found.
Magnitude of standard precautions practices among healthcare workers in health facilities of Low and Middle Income Countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yilma Mengistu , Taye Girma , Abebe Workeabeba 
Published: April 2024

Background
Standard precautions are the minimum standard of infection control to prevent transmission of infectious agents, protect healthcare workers, patients, and visitors regardless of infection status. The consistent implementation of standard precautions is highly effective in reducing transmission of pathogens that cause HAIs. Despite their effectiveness, compliance, resources, patient behavior, and time constraints are some of the challenges that can arise when implementing standard precautions. The main objective of this meta-analysis was to show the pooled prevalence of safe standard precaution practices among healthcare workers in Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs).

Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted for this study. We systematically searched observational study articles from PubMed Central and Google Scholar. We included articles published any year and involving healthcare workers. We used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). The random effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence. The meta-analysis, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, and publication bias (funnel plot, and Egger’s tests) were conducted.

Results
A total of 46 articles were included in this study. The pooled prevalence of standard precautions practices among healthcare workers in LMICs was 53%, with a 95% CI of (47, 59). These studies had a total sample size of 14061 with a minimum sample size of 17 and a maximum sample size of 2086. The majority of the studies (82.6%) were conducted in hospitals only (all kinds), and the remaining 17.4% were conducted in all health facilities, including hospitals.

Conclusions
The pooled prevalence of standard precautions practices among healthcare workers in LMICs was suboptimal. The findings of this study can have substantial implication for healthcare practice and policy making by providing robust evidence with synthesized and pooled evidence from multiple studies.

Trial registration
Registered on PROSPERO with record ID: CRD42023395129, on the 9th Feb. 2023.