bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety of carotid endarterectomy while on clopidogrel (Plavix)
Authors: Wait Scott D. , Abla Adib A. , Killory Brendan D. , Starke Robert M. , Spetzler Robert F. , Nakaji Peter 
Published: January 2010

Object
Many patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) regularly take clopidogrel, a permanent platelet inhibitor. The authors sought to determine whether taking clopidogrel in the period before CEA leads to more bleeding or other complications.

Methods
The authors performed a retrospective, institutional review board–approved review of 182 consecutive patients who underwent CEA. Clinical, radiographic, and surgical data were gleaned from hospital and clinic records. Analysis was based on the presence or absence of clopidogrel in patients undergoing CEA and was performed twice by considering clopidogrel use within 8 days and within 5 days of surgery to define the groups.

Results
Taking clopidogrel within 8 days before surgery resulted in no statistical increase in any measure of morbidity or death. Taking clopidogrel within 5 days was associated with a small but significant increase in operative blood loss and conservatively managed postoperative neck swelling. No measure of permanent morbidity or death was increased in either clopidogrel group.

Conclusions
Findings in this study support the safety of preoperative clopidogrel in patients undergoing CEA.
Antivenom for Snake Bite: Critical Supply in Health Care Settings
Authors: Amin Md Robed 
Published: January 2010

Poisonous snake bite is common in Bangladesh, especially on the countryside. Often fatality occurs in these cases due to lack of anti-snake venom supply in rural areas. Health professionals are sometimes found wanting in skills and knowledge in dealing with such cases. Critical care support is essential in every case of snake bite which, unfortunately, is underdeveloped in our country. We are in urgent need of locally produced anti-snake venom to ensure availability of this life-saving drug in all parts of the country. Keywords: Anti-snake venom, Bangladesh DOI:10.3329/jom.v11i1.4274 J Medicine 2010: 11: 57-59
Clinical and Serologic Factors Associated with Lupus Pleuritis
Authors: MITTOO SHIKHA , GELBER ALLAN C. , HITCHON CAROL A. , SILVERMAN EARL D. , POPE JANET E. , FORTIN PAUL R. , PINEAU CHRISTIAN , SMITH C. DOUGLAS , ARBILLAGA HECTOR , GLADMAN DAFNA D. , UROWITZ MURRAY B. , ZUMMER MICHEL , CLARKE ANN E. , BERNATSKY SASHA , HUDSON MARIE , TUCKER LORI B. , PETTY ROSS E. , PESCHKEN CHRISTINE A. 
Published: January 2010

Objective.Pleuritis is a common manifestation and independent predictor of mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We examined the prevalence of pleuritis and factors associated with pleuritis in a multicenter Canadian SLE cohort.Methods.We studied consecutive adults satisfying the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria for SLE who had a completed Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR Damage Index (SDI) score, at least 1 evaluable extractable nuclear antigen assay, and either a SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) or a SLE Activity Measure score. Pleuritis was defined as having pleuritis by satisfying the ACR criteria or the SLEDAI. Factors related to pleuritis were examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression.Results.In our cohort of 876 patients, 91% were women, 65% Caucasian, mean age (± SD) was 46.8 ± 13.5 years, and disease duration at study entry was 12.1 ± 9.9 years; the prevalence of pleuritis was 34% (n = 296). Notably, greater disease duration (p = 0.002), higher SDI score (p ≤ 0.0001), age at SLE diagnosis (p = 0.009), and anti-Sm (p = 0.002) and anti-RNP (p = 0.002) seropositivity were significantly associated with pleuritis. In multivariate analysis with adjustment for disease duration, age at diagnosis, and SDI score, concomitant seropositivity for RNP and Sm were related to a nearly 2-fold greater prevalence of pleuritis (OR 1.98, 95% CI 1.31–2.82).Conclusion.Pleuritis occurred in one-third of this Canadian cohort. Concomitant Sm and RNP seropositivity, greater cumulative damage, longer disease duration, and younger age at SLE disease onset were related to a higher rate of SLE pleural disease.
Expression of High Mobility Group Box Chromosomal Protein 1 and Its Modulating Effects on Downstream Cytokines in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: LI JIE , XIE HONGFU , WEN TING , LIU HONGBO , ZHU WU , CHEN XIANG 
Published: January 2010

Objective.To compare the expression of high mobility group box chromosomal protein 1 (HMGB1) and the modulating effects on its downstream cytokines in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy controls.Methods.HMGB1 concentrations in serum from SLE patients and controls were measured by immunoblot analysis. HMGB1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was detected by real-time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction. Immunofluorescence assay was employed to examine the translocation of HMGB1 in monocytes after endotoxin stimulation. Release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) by PBMC after rHMGB1 stimulation was also measured.Results.Serum HMGB1 levels and HMGB1 mRNA expressions in PBMC were elevated in SLE patients compared with controls. A positive correlation was demonstrated between HMGB1 concentrations and SLE Disease Activity Index. There was an inverse correlation between HMGB1 levels and C4 and C3 concentrations in SLE patients. HMGB1 concentrations were higher in patients with vasculitis and myositis. Lipopolysaccharide stimulated a temporarily elevated release of HMGB1 in SLE patients compared with controls. The pattern and localization of HMGB1 staining in monocytes were similar in both groups. After stimulation with rHMGB1, TNF-α level decreased but IL-6 level increased in SLE patients compared with controls.Conclusion.Our findings suggest that increased serum levels of HMGB1 in SLE may be associated with lupus disease activity. The altered production of TNF-α and IL-6 in response to rHMGB1 stimulation may participate in the disruption of cytokine homeostasis in SLE.
Associated Autoimmune Diseases in Systemic Sclerosis Define a Subset of Patients with Milder Disease: Results from 2 Large Cohorts of European Caucasian Patients
Authors: AVOUAC JÉRÔME , AIRÒ PAOLO , DIEUDE PHILIPPE , CARAMASCHI PAOLA , TIEV KIET , DIOT ELISABETH , SIBILIA JEAN , CAPPELLI SUSANNA , GRANEL BRIGITTE , VACCA ALESSANDRA , WIPFF JULIEN , MEYER OLIVIER , KAHAN ANDRÉ , MATUCCI-CERINIC MARCO , ALLANORE YANNICK 
Published: January 2010

Objective.To assess the prevalence and potential associations with the systemic sclerosis (SSc) phenotype of additional autoimmune diseases (AID).Methods.A multicenter study was performed in France and Italy to recruit consecutive European Caucasian patients with SSc systematically assessed for the coexistence of predefined AID known to occur with connective tissue diseases.Results.We recruited 585 French and 547 Italian patients with SSc. Specific AID were found in 114/585 (19%) French and 179/547 (33%) Italians with SSc (p < 0.0001). Sjögren’s syndrome and thyroiditis were the predominant AID in both cohorts (12% for Sjögren’s syndrome and 6% for thyroiditis in the combined populations). The frequency of myositis, primary biliary cirrhosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus was low (< 4%) and similar in both cohorts. The coexistence of at least 1 of the AID in the whole cohort was associated in multivariate analysis with the limited cutaneous subtype, the presence of antinuclear antibodies, and a lower prevalence of digital ulcers.Conclusion.Our study shows that 21% of this large series of European Caucasian patients with SSc have developed at least 1 AID. This latter condition identified a subset of patients with milder disease. Thus, associations of AID and autoimmune background in SSc have to be considered for further therapeutic and biological investigations in SSc.
Longterm Safety of Patients Receiving Rituximab in Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Trials
Authors: van VOLLENHOVEN RONALD F. , EMERY PAUL , BINGHAM CLIFTON O. , KEYSTONE EDWARD C. , FLEISCHMANN ROY , FURST DANIEL E. , MACEY KATHERINE , SWEETSER MARIANNE , KELMAN ARIELLA , RAO RAVI 
Published: January 2010

Objective.To evaluate the longterm safety of rituximab in clinical trials in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Pooled analysis of safety data, including adverse events (AE) and infections, from patients treated with rituximab in combination with methotrexate in a global clinical trial program.Results.A total of 2578 patients with RA received at least 1 course of rituximab. Safety analyses were based on 5013 patient-years of rituximab exposure. The most frequent AE was infusion-related reactions (25% of patients during the first infusion of Course 1). Less than 1% of infusion-related reactions were considered serious. Rates of AE and serious AE (SAE; 17.85 events/100 patient-yrs, 95% CI 16.72, 19.06) were stable following each course. The overall serious infection rate was 4.31/100 patient-years (95% CI 3.77, 4.92). Infections and serious infections over time remained stable across 5 courses at 4–6 events/100 patient-years. Compared with other patients with RA and with the general US population, there was no increased risk of malignancy.Conclusion.In this longterm safety update in RA clinical trial patients, rituximab remained well tolerated over multiple courses. SAE and infections remained stable over time and by treatment course.
Relationship Between Flare and Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: ZHU TRACY Y. , TAM LAI-SHAN , LEE VIVIAN W.Y. , LEE KENNETH K. , LI EDMUND K. 
Published: January 2010

Objective.To investigate (1) the relationship between flares and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Chinese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Hong Kong; and (2) the influence of severity of flare, number of organs involved in flares, and manifestations of flares on HRQOL.Methods.A retrospective study was performed on 303 patients with SLE. Participants completed the Medical Outcomes Survey Short-Form 36 (SF-36) and underwent clinical and laboratory examination to evaluate disease activity and damage. The total number and manifestations of flares during the preceding year were assessed retrospectively. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify the independent variables associated with impairment of HRQOL.Results.Patients with flares were younger, had a shorter disease duration, and had higher disease activity at the time of the assessment. A total of 72 episodes of flares were recorded in 61 patients in the preceding year. Patients with flares had significantly lower scores in the areas of role limitation due to physical problems, general health, social function, and role limitation due to emotional problems compared with those without flare. The physical health summary scale was also lower in patients with flares. In the multivariate analysis, the presence of musculoskeletal flare was independently associated with all scales of the SF-36, except bodily pain and mental health.Conclusion.The low level of patients’ HRQOL is mostly associated with the presence of musculoskeletal involvement.
Sodium Chloride
Authors: Westphal Gisbert , Kristen Gerhard , Wegener Wilhelm , Ambatiello Peter , Geyer Helmut , Epron Bernard , Bonal Christian , Steinhauser Georg , Götzfried Franz 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.History2.Properties3.Formation and Occurrence of Salt Deposits4.Production4.1Mining of Rock Salt from Underground and Surface Deposits4.1.1.Mining by Drilling and Blasting4.1.2.Continuous Mining4.1.3.Upgrading of Rock Salt4.1.4.Utilization of the Chambers4.2.Brine Production4.2.1.Natural Brine Extraction4.2.2.Solution Mining4.2.2.1.Drilling and Construction of the Borehole4.2.2.2.The Process of Solution Mining4.2.2.3.Planning of the Extraction Process4.2.2.4.Other Systems4.2.2.5.Equipment4.2.2.6.Storage Caverns4.2.3.Combined Dry and Solution Mining4.3.Vacuum Salt4.3.1.Brine Purification4.3.2.Open‐Pan Evaporation4.3.3.Multiple‐Effect Process4.3.4.Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR) Process4.3.5.Recrystallization Process4.3.6.Other Process Steps4.3.7.Evaluation of the Different Processes4.3.8.Vacuum Salt based on Seawater as Raw Material4.4.Production of Solar Salt4.4.1.Production from Sea Water4.4.1.1.The Main Factors Governing Production of Sea Salt4.4.1.2.Production Stages in a Modern Salt Field4.4.2.Crystallization from Mined Brine4.4.3.Extraction from Salt Lakes4.4.4.Seawater Desalination5.Salt Standards6.Analytical Methods7.Uses7.1.Table Salt and Food Processing7.2.Agriculture7.3.Water Treatment7.4.Chemical Uses7.5.De‐icing and Anti‐icing7.6.Other Industrial Uses8.Anticaking and Free‐Flow Additives9.Health Aspects10.Environmental Aspects11.Economic Aspects
Carbon, 2. Diamond
Authors: Vohler Otto , Nutsch Gabriele , von Sturm Ferdinand , Wege Erhard 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.Properties and Structure of Natural Diamond2.Diamond Synthesis2.1.HPHT Synthesis2.2.The Diamond Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Process2.3.Diamond CVD Techniques2.3.1.Nonthermal Plasma CVD2.3.2.Thermal Plasma Diamond CVD2.3.3.Other CVD Techniques
Cognitive–behavioral therapy attenuates nociceptive responding in patients with fibromyalgia: A pilot study
Authors: Ang Dennis C. , Chakr Rafael , Mazzuca Steve , France Christopher R. , Steiner Jennifer , Stump Timothy 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the possibility that cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) influences fibromyalgia symptoms via descending inhibition of nociception, we evaluated the effects of CBT on the nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) threshold, an objective measure of spinal nociceptive transmission.MethodsFemale fibromyalgia patients (n = 32) were randomized to 6 weekly sessions of telephone‐delivered CBT or usual care (UC). Assessments of the NFR threshold and clinical outcomes were conducted at baseline, week 6 (post‐CBT), and week 12.ResultsFrom baseline to week 6, the NFR threshold increased in the CBT group and decreased in the UC group (mean ± SD 4.4 ± 13.7 mA versus −10.2 ± 9.9 mA; P = 0.005). This difference was also apparent at week 12 (mean ± SD 7.3 ± 9.2 mA for CBT versus −5.4 ± 13.5 mA for UC; P = 0.01). The groups reported similar reductions in NFR pain ratings at week 6 (mean ± SD −20.2 ± 23.9 for CBT versus −14.9 ± 16.4 for UC; P = 0.8) and week 12 (mean ± SD −8.9 ± 25.3 for CBT versus −10.8 ± 24.1 for UC; P = 0.4).ConclusionCompared with UC, CBT reduced nociceptive responding in fibromyalgia patients. Moreover, while the UC group exhibited longitudinal decreases in both the stimulation level and pain associated with the NFR threshold, those receiving CBT required more intense stimulation to elicit the NFR as well as rated that stimulation as less painful than at baseline. These data indicate the need for a larger study to confirm that changes in nociceptive responsivity may underlie the benefits of CBT in fibromyalgia patients.
With a little help from my friends: Self‐interested and prosocial behavior on MySpace Music
Authors: Antin Judd , Earp Matthew 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article, we explore the dynamics of prosocial and self‐interested behavior among musicians on MySpace Music. MySpace Music is an important platform for social interactions and at the same time provides musicians with the opportunity for significant profit. We argue that these forces can be in tension with each other, encouraging musicians to make strategic choices about using MySpace to promote their own or others' rewards. We look for evidence of self‐interested and prosocial “friending” strategies in the social network created by Top Friends links. We find strong evidence that individual preferences for prosocial and self‐interested behavior influence friending strategies. Furthermore, our data illustrate a robust relationship between increased prominence and increased attention to others' rewards. These results shed light on how musicians manage their interactions in complex online environments and extend research on social values by demonstrating consistent preferences for prosocial or self‐interested behavior in a multifaceted online setting.
Analysis of user needs and information features in natural language queries seeking music information
Authors: Lee Jin Ha 
Published: January 2010

AbstractOur limited understanding of real‐life queries is an obstacle in developing music information retrieval (MIR) systems that meet the needs of real users. This study aimed, by an empirical investigation of real‐life queries, to contribute to developing a theorized understanding of how users seek music information. This is crucial for informing the design of future MIR systems, especially the selection of potential access points, as well as establishing a set of test queries that reflect real‐life music information‐seeking behavior. Natural language music queries were collected from an online reference Website and coded using content analysis. A taxonomy of user needs expressed and information features used in queries were established by an iterative coding process. This study found that most of the queries analyzed were known‐item searches, and most contained a wide variety of kinds of information, although a few features were used much more heavily than the others. In addition to advancing our understanding of real‐life user queries by establishing an improved taxonomy of needs and features, three recommendations were made for improving the evaluation of MIR systems: (i) incorporating user context in test queries, (ii) employing terms familiar to users in evaluation tasks, and (iii) combining multiple task results.
Using ISO 14001 to promote a sustainable supply chain strategy
Authors: Curkovic Sime , Sroufe Robert 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFormally adopted in 1996 by the International Organization of Standardization, ISO 14001 represents a voluntary international environmental standard, which will likely be adopted by a vast majority of corporations. Its major focus is on the structure, implementation and maintenance of a formal environmental management system. Despite its international acceptance, ISO 14001 is surrounded by controversy and criticism. The literature is clearly divided in its assessment of ISO 14001, which is viewed as a variant of total quality environmental management or a paper‐driven process of limited value. In this study, case‐based research is used to address the competing views of the standard to show that ISO 14001 registration can be leveraged across the supply chain into a competitive advantage. By looking at ISO 14001 registered firms, we compare different amounts of integration and sustainability in the supply chain. We then posit several research propositions to provide an empirical framework for the impacts of ISO 14001 on supply chain design and how it will evolve in the future. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Photosynthetic efficiency of Chlorella sorokiniana in a turbulently mixed short light‐path photobioreactor
Authors: Kliphuis Anna M. J. , de Winter Lenneke , Vejrazka Carsten , Martens Dirk E. , Janssen Marcel , Wijffels René H. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTo be able to study the effect of mixing as well as any other parameter on productivity of algal cultures, we designed a lab‐scale photobioreactor in which a short light path (SLP) of (12 mm) is combined with controlled mixing and aeration. Mixing is provided by rotating an inner tube in the cylindrical cultivation vessel creating Taylor vortex flow and as such mixing can be uncoupled from aeration. Gas exchange is monitored on‐line to gain insight in growth and productivity. The maximal productivity, hence photosynthetic efficiency, of Chlorella sorokiniana cultures at high light intensities (1,500 μmol m−1 s−1) was investigated in this Taylor vortex flow SLP photobioreactor. We performed duplicate batch experiments at three different mixing rates: 70, 110, and 140 rpm, all in the turbulent Taylor vortex flow regime. For the mixing rate of 140 rpm, we calculated a quantum requirement for oxygen evolution of 21.2 mol PAR photons per mol O2 and a yield of biomass on light energy of 0.8 g biomass per mol PAR photons. The maximal photosynthetic efficiency was found at relatively low biomass densities (2.3 g L−1) at which light was just attenuated before reaching the rear of the culture. When increasing the mixing rate twofold, we only found a small increase in productivity. On the basis of these results, we conclude that the maximal productivity and photosynthetic efficiency for C. sorokiniana can be found at that biomass concentration where no significant dark zone can develop and that the influence of mixing‐induced light/dark fluctuations is marginal. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Design and characterization of a modified T‐flask bioreactor for continuous monitoring of engineered tissue stiffness
Authors: Lasher Richard A. , Wolchok Jeffrey C. , Parikh Monir K. , Kennedy James P. , Hitchcock Robert W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractControlling environmental conditions, such as mechanical stimuli, is critical for directing cells into functional tissue. This study reports on the development of a bioreactor capable of controlling the mechanical environment and continuously measuring force‐displacement in engineered tissue. The bioreactor was built from off the shelf components, modified off the shelf components, and easily reproducible custom built parts to facilitate ease of setup, reproducibility and experimental flexibility. A T‐flask was modified to allow for four tissue samples, mechanical actuation via a LabView controlled stepper motor and transduction of force from inside the T‐flask to an external sensor. In vitro bench top testing with instrumentation springs and tissue culture experiments were performed to validate system performance. Force sensors were highly linear (R2 > 0.998) and able to maintain force readings for extended periods of time. Tissue culture experiments involved cyclic loading of polyurethane scaffolds seeded with and without (control) human foreskin fibroblasts for 8 h/day for 14 days. After supplementation with TGF‐β, tissue constructs showed an increase in stiffness between consecutive days and from the acellular controls. These experiments confirmed the ability of the bioreactor to distinguish experimental groups and monitor tissue stiffness during tissue development. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Single step purification of lactoperoxidase from whey involving reverse micelles‐assisted extraction and its comparison with reverse micellar extraction
Authors: Nandini K.E. , Rastogi Navin K. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe extraction of lactoperoxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) from whey was studied using single step reverse micelles‐assisted extraction and compared with reverse micellar extraction. The reverse micelles‐assisted extraction resulted in extraction of contaminating proteins and recovery of lactoperoxidase in the aqueous phase leading to its purification. Reverse micellar extraction at the optimized condition after forward and backward steps resulted in activity recovery of lactoperoxidase and purification factor of the order of 86.60% and 3.25‐fold, respectively. Whereas reverse micelles‐assisted extraction resulted in higher activity recovery of lactoperoxidase (127.35%) and purification factor (3.39‐fold). The sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS‐PAGE) profiles also evidenced that higher purification was obtained in reverse micelles‐assisted extraction as compared of reverse micellar extracted lactoperoxidase. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010