bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Orleans Business Recovery in the Aftermath of Hurricane Katrina
Authors: LeSage James P. , Kelley Pace R. , Lam Nina , Campanella Richard , Liu Xingjian 
Published: July 2011

SummaryWe analyse decisions to reopen in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina made by business establishments on major business thoroughfares in New Orleans by using a spatial probit methodology. Our approach allows for interdependence between decisions to reopen by one establishment and those of its neighbours. There is a large literature on the role that is played by spatial dependence in firm location decisions, and we find evidence of strong dependence in decisions by firms to reopen in the aftermath of a natural disaster such as Hurricane Katrina. This interdependence has important statistical implications for how we analyse business recovery after disasters, as well as government aid programmes.
Statistical Methods for the Prospective Detection of Infectious Disease Outbreaks: A Review
Authors: Unkel Steffen , Farrington C. Paddy , Garthwaite Paul H. , Robertson Chris , Andrews Nick 
Published: July 2011

SummaryUnusual clusters of disease must be detected rapidly for effective public health interventions to be introduced. Over the past decade there has been a surge in interest in statistical methods for the early detection of infectious disease outbreaks. This growth in interest has given rise to much new methodological work, ranging across the spectrum of statistical methods. The paper presents a comprehensive review of the statistical approaches that have been proposed. Applications to both laboratory and syndromic surveillance data are provided to illustrate the various methods.
Validity of the Hangover Symptoms Scale: Evidence from an Electronic Diary Study
Authors: Robertson Brandon M. , Piasecki Thomas M. , Slutske Wendy S. , Wood Phillip K. , Sher Kenneth J. , Shiffman Saul , Heath Andrew C. 
Published: July 2011

Background:  The Hangover Symptoms Scale (HSS) assesses the frequency of 13 symptoms experienced after drinking in the past year. Cross‐sectional analyses in college drinkers showed preliminary evidence for the validity of the HSS (Slutske et al., 2003). The current investigation extended this work by examining the construct validity of the HSS in an ecological momentary assessment investigation.
Methods:  Frequent drinkers (N = 404) carried electronic diaries to track their daily experiences over 3 weeks. Each morning, the diary assessed prior‐night drinking behaviors, the presence of current hangover, and intensity of current headache and nausea.
Results:  Adjusting for sex and body mass, the HSS significantly predicted diary endorsement of hangover (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.78 to 2.49, p < 0.001). Participants who endorsed the HSS headache and nausea items were especially likely to report the elevations of corresponding symptoms in diary records made the morning after drinking. HSS scores incrementally predicted hangover when the number of drinks consumed in the episode was covaried but did not moderate the relationship between the number of drinks and diary hangover reports.
Conclusions:  The HSS appears to be a valid tool for hangover research. Higher HSS scores identify individuals who complain of “real world” hangovers and who may be especially likely to display particular symptoms after a night of drinking. Past hangovers predicted future hangovers, suggesting hangovers do not necessarily discourage or inhibit future drinking, at least across the several‐week time interval studied here. There is a need to develop and evaluate complementary measures that can more directly index individual differences in hangover susceptibility in survey designs.
PPARγ Ligands Regulate NADPH Oxidase, eNOS, and Barrier Function in the Lung Following Chronic Alcohol Ingestion
Authors: Wagner Matthew C. , Yeligar Samantha M. , Brown Lou Ann , Michael Hart C. 
Published: July 2011

Background:  Chronic alcohol ingestion increases the incidence and severity of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), where reactive species contribute to alveolar‐capillary barrier dysfunction and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Previous studies demonstrated that chronic alcohol ingestion increased lung NADPH oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and that ligands for the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) reduced NADPH oxidase expression. Therefore, we hypothesized that the PPARγ ligand, rosiglitazone, would attenuate alcohol‐induced NADPH oxidase expression and pulmonary barrier dysfunction.
Methods:  C57Bl/6 mice were treated ± alcohol in drinking water (20% w/v) for 12 weeks. During the final week of alcohol treatment, mice were gavaged with rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg/d) or vehicle. Selected animals were treated twice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 2 mg/kg IP) prior to sacrifice. Pulmonary barrier dysfunction was estimated from protein content of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid.
Results:  LPS treatment increased BAL protein in alcohol‐fed but not control mice, and rosiglitazone attenuated LPS and alcohol‐induced pulmonary barrier dysfunction. Alcohol‐ and LPS‐induced increases in lung eNOS, Nox1, and Nox4 expression were attenuated by rosiglitazone. In vitro, alcohol (0.10% w/v) increased H2O2 production, barrier dysfunction, eNOS, Nox1, and Nox4 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) monolayers, effects also attenuated by rosiglitazone (10 μM). Alcohol‐induced HUVEC barrier dysfunction was attenuated by inhibition of NOS or addition of the eNOS cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin.
Conclusions:  These results indicate that PPARγ activation reduced expression of eNOS, Nox1, Nox4, the production of reactive species, and barrier dysfunction caused by chronic alcohol ingestion and suggest that PPARγ represents a novel therapeutic target for strategies designed to reduce the risk of lung injury in patients with a history of chronic alcohol ingestion.
Transfusion‐associated circulatory overload after plasma transfusion
Authors: Narick Christina , Triulzi Darrell J. , Yazer Mark H. 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND: In 2010, transfusion‐associated circulatory overload (TACO) was the second most common cause of transfusion‐related mortality reported to the Food and Drug Administration. We sought to determine the rate of TACO caused by plasma transfusion.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was conducted in two parts: 1) A retrospective analysis to determine the prevalence of TACO reactions caused by plasma at a tertiary care hospital from 2003 to 2010 was performed by analyzing the blood bank's electronic transfusion reaction records and 2) active surveillance of plasma recipients to determine if unreported TACO reactions had occurred over a 1‐month period at the same hospital.RESULTS: Eighty‐seven reactions to plasma had been reported to the blood bank from 2003 through 2010. Of these reactions 23% (20/87) were TACO. The historical prevalence rate of TACO was 1 in 1566 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1:2564‐1:1014). During the prospective 1‐month surveillance period, 84 patients received a total of 272 units of plasma, and four TACO reactions in separate patients (4.8%) were identified, none of which were reported to the blood bank. The prevalence rate of TACO in the prospective study was 1 in 68 (95% CI, 1:250‐1:27). In total, most patients (14/24) were in the intensive care unit when they experienced TACO and on average they had received 4.0 ± 2.3 units of plasma at an average rate of 647 ± 315 mL/hr before the TACO reaction.CONCLUSIONS: Passive reporting of TACO grossly underestimates its actual prevalence. Educational efforts are needed to enhance physician recognition of TACO reactions.
Risk factors for progression of aortic arch calcification in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis
Authors: KIM Hyun Gyung , SONG Sun Wha , KIM Tae Yun , KIM Young Ok 
Published: July 2011

AbstractVascular calcification is accelerated during dialysis and is known to be an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Progression of aortic arch calcification (AoAC) can be simply estimated with an AoAC score (AoACS) using plain chest radiography. The objective of this study was to evaluate risk factors for AoAC progression. The enrolled subjects were 125 newly treated hemodialysis patients and 59 peritoneal dialysis patients. In the patients who had undergone chest radiography before initial dialysis therapy and every year, we estimated AoACS and then divided the patients into two groups based on the presence or absence of AoAC progression. We also compared the baseline clinical and biochemical profiles in the two groups. Eighty‐five (46.2%) were men (mean age, 58.6 ± 12.7 years). Seventy‐six patients (41.3%) had AoAC before initial dialysis, with a mean AoACS of 13.0 ± 20.4%. The mean duration of follow‐up was 2.7 ± 1.0 years. Half of the patients (50%) had progressive AoAC. Age >65 years (p = 0.003), dialysis duration (p = 0.004), diabetes (p = 0.015), and the presence of AoAC at baseline (p = 0.001) were related to AoAC progression. No significant association was found between AoAC progression and the baseline clinical parameters, including gender, obesity, hypertension, and dialysis modality. In a multivariate analysis, dialysis duration (p = 0.003) and the presence of AoAC at baseline (p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for AoAC progression in patients undergoing dialysis. The duration of dialysis and the presence of AoAC before initial dialysis were significantly related to the progression of AoAC in these patients. The results suggest that patients should be carefully managed from the predialysis stage to prevent AoAC progression and to reduce cardiovascular morbidity.
Des fonctions et limites des administrations du travail en Afrique subsaharienne: actualité de la convention n° 150 de l'OIT
Authors: AUVERGNON Philippe , LAVIOLETTE Sandrine , OUMAROU Moussa 
Published: July 2011

Résumé.Partant de la lettre des législations et d'observations de terrain, les auteurs font le point sur l'application, dans un échantillon de pays d'Afrique, des principes de la convention (n° 150) de l'OIT sur l'administration du travail, 1978. Les trois axes de leur recherche sont: le poids relatif des diverses fonctions de cette administration; l'extension nécessaire de ces fonctions aux travailleurs non salariés; la faiblesse des moyens humains et matériels disponibles. Ils soulignent en conclusion l'actualité et la modernité de cet instrument, surtout à propos de l'extension des activités de l'administration du travail au secteur informel.
Défaillances du syndicalisme d'entreprise en Chine: conséquences sur la sécurité dans les houillères, et au‐delà
Authors: LIU Chaojie 
Published: July 2011

Résumé.Les accidents fréquents survenus ces dernières années dans les houillères chinoises ont mis en évidence les lacunes législatives qui empêchent les syndicats d'entreprise d'exercer efficacement les fonctions que leur confère la loi en matière de sécurité au travail. Toutefois, les causes de ce dysfonctionnement ont des répercussions beaucoup plus profondes. L'auteur analyse la loi sur les syndicats et préconise de la modifier pour donner aux travailleurs le droit de constituer d'authentiques syndicats d'entreprise: clarification des procédures de constitution; interdiction faite aux cadres supérieurs de l'entreprise d'en être membres et d'y exercer des fonctions de direction; garanties d'indépendance financière par rapport à la direction; garanties relatives à l'élection et à la destitution des dirigeants syndicaux; reconnaissance du droit de grève.
The administration and financing of paid sick leave
Authors: SCHLIWEN Anke , EARLE Alison , HAYES Jeff , HEYMANN S. Jody 
Published: July 2011

Abstract.Decision‐makers in countries considering adoption or reform of paid sick leave policies need to understand the mechanisms used to finance sick leave provision. Using global data on sick leave legislation, the authors find the type of model used – employer liability, social insurance, social assistance, or a combination thereof – has significant implications for the duration and generosity of sickness benefits. However, they find no significant relationship between the duration or generosity of sick leave and economic indicators such as per capita GDP, unemployment rates, or national competitiveness. Potential mechanisms enabling both effective sick leave policies and strong economic outcomes are discussed.
Tight junction proteins expression and modulation in immune cells and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Mandel Ilana , Paperna Tamar , Glass‐Marmor Lea , Volkowich Anat , Badarny Samih , Schwartz Ilya , Vardi Pnina , Koren Ilana , Miller Ariel 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe tight junction proteins (TJPs) are major determinants of endothelial cells comprising physiological vascular barriers such as the blood–brain barrier, but little is known about their expression and role in immune cells. In this study we assessed TJP expression in human leukocyte subsets, their induction by immune activation and modulation associated with autoimmune disease states and therapies. A consistent expression of TJP complexes was detected in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs), predominantly in B and T lymphocytes and monocytes, whereas the in vitro application of various immune cell activators led to an increase of claudin 1 levels, yet not of claudin 5. Claudins 1 and 5 levels were elevated in PBLs of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in relapse, relative to patients in remission, healthy controls and patients with other neurological disorders. Interestingly, claudin 1 protein levels were elevated also in PBLs of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Following glucocorticoid treatment of MS patients in relapse, RNA levels of JAM3 and CLDN5 and claudin 5 protein levels in PBLs decreased. Furthermore, a correlation between CLDN5 pre‐treatment levels and clinical response phenotype to interferon‐β therapy was detected. Our findings indicate that higher levels of leukocyte claudins are associated with immune activation and specifically, increased levels of claudin 5 are associated with MS disease activity. This study highlights a potential role of leukocyte TJPs in physiological states, and autoimmunity and suggests they should be further evaluated as biomarkers for aberrant immune activity and response to therapy in immune‐mediated diseases such as MS.
Clara cell protein 10 polymorphism is not associated with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection*
Authors: Overödder Henrik , Navér Lars 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAim:  To investigate a possible correlation between severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the Clara cell protein 10 (CC10) gene (A38G).Methods:  Children hospitalized with severe RSV lower respiratory tract (LRTI) infection at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, during three subsequent RSV seasons were selected and genotyped. Age‐matched controls were used. The two groups were compared regarding SNP in the CC10 gene (A38G) and regarding later development of wheezing.Results:  No correlation was found between the genotype CC10 +38AA and severe RSV infection or wheezing during follow‐up. Wheezing (p = 0.022), frequent wheezing (≥3 episodes) (p = 0.042) as well as ever wheezing (p = 0.0022) occurred significantly more often after discharge in children hospitalized for RSV compared with the control group.Conclusion:  Single‐nucleotide polymorphism in the CC10 gene (A38G) does not seem to be involved in the severity of RSV infection or wheezing. In agreement with other studies, we found that children with severe RSV are at increased risk of future wheezing. The latter finding implies that the studied population represented children with severe LRTI, which supports that a correlation between the genotype CC10 +38AA and severe RSV is less likely.
Food plating preferences of children: the importance of presentation on desire for diversity
Authors: Zampollo Francesca , Kniffin Kevin M , Wansink Brian , Shimizu Mitsuru 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAim:  Given the importance of food presentation and childhood nutrition, we aimed to test the degree to which adults and children might demonstrate different preferences for various ways in which food can be presented on plates.Methods:  Twenty‐three pre‐teen children and 46 adults were individually presented full‐size photos of 48 different combinations of food on plates. The photos varied according to seven dimensions (e.g. number of items, placement of entrée and organization of the food).Results:  Contrary to the default assumption that parents and children share preferences for the ways in which food is presented on plates, we find that children have notably different preferences than adults. Most remarkably, we show that children tended to prefer seven different items and six different colours on their ideal plates, while adults tended to prefer three different colours and three different items.Conclusion:  The assumption that children prefer food presentations that match adult preferences appears to be unjustified. Future research and interventions that are designed to improve childhood nutrition should test for the impact of diverse presentations on actual food consumption among a variety of populations across institutional settings.
Being born in Sweden increases the risk for type 1 diabetes – a study of migration of children to Sweden as a natural experiment
Authors: Söderström Ulf , Åman Jan , Hjern Anders 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAim:  To investigate whether the age of first exposure to a high‐incidence country like Sweden determines the risk of T1DM in children with an origin in a low incidence region of the world.Methods:  Register study in a Swedish study population in the age 6–25 years in three categories of residents with an origin in low incidence regions of T1DM (Eastern Europe, East Asia, South Asia and Latin America); 24 252 international adoptees; 47 986 immigrants and 40 971 Swedish‐born with two foreign‐born parents and a comparison group of 1 770 092 children with Swedish‐born parents. Retrieval of a prescription of insulin during 2006 was used as an indicator of T1DM and analysed with logistic regression.Results:  The odds ratios (OR) for T1DM were lower than the Swedish majority population for residents with an origin in the four low incidence regions. Being Swedish‐born implied a higher risk for T1DM in the four low incidence study groups compared with the internationally adopted with an OR of 1.68 (CI 1.03–2.73).Conclusions:  Being born in Sweden increases the risk for T1DM in children with an origin in low incidence countries. This may imply that exposures in utero or very early infancy are important risk factors for T1DM.
Harmonizing national growth references for multi‐centre surveys, drug monitoring and international postmarketing surveillance
Authors: Hermanussen M , Aßmann C , Wöhling H , Zabransky M 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAim:  National European growth references differ. We aimed to convert (harmonize) currently used charts into a single unified interchangeable LMS format for each European nation.Methods:  Nine currently used national European growth references from Belgium (2009), France (1979), Poland (2001), Sweden (2002), Switzerland (1989), the UK (1990), Italy (2006) and Germany (1979 and 1997) were harmonized and compared with the international WHO child growth standards and WHO growth reference data for 5–19 years.Results:  European growth charts can be harmonized. The approach appears useful as height, and body mass index (BMI) is inappropriately represented by WHO references. European height references exhibit warping when plotted against the WHO reference. The French appears too short, the other Europeans too tall. Also, the BMI is not appropriately represented by the WHO references.Conclusions:  Harmonizing references is a novel, convenient and cost‐effective approach for converting historic and/or incomplete local or national growth reference charts into a unified interchangeable LMS format. Harmonizing facilitates producing growth references ‘on demand’, for limited regional purposes, for ethnically, socio‐economically or politically defined minorities, but also for matching geographically different groups of children and adolescents for international growth and registry studies.
Practitioner and Patient Perceptions of Orthodontic Treatment: Is the Patient Always Right?
Authors: MCKETA NATHAN , RINCHUSE DANIEL J. , CLOSE JOHN M. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose:  As dentists embrace evidence‐based clinical practice, we place increased emphasis on patient values. Standards like Angle Classification are not related to patient perceptions of the tangible benefits of treatment. This study quantifies the differences dentists and patients perceive in orthodontic treatment outcome.Materials and Methods:  A survey is used to quantify a patient's perception of orthodontic treatment. It was completed by 30 patients who completed treatment at the University of Pittsburgh School of Dental Medicine. Their responses were compared with the perceptions of five orthodontists, three general dentists, and two prosthodontists.Results:  Multivariate analysis of variance found the differences between and within the subjects to be significant at p < 0.004. Univariate analysis of variance of the initial scores showed the data to be significant at p < 0.002 and pairwise comparisons showed significant mean differences. Final score analysis of variance was significant at p < 0.001 and pairwise comparison showed significant mean differences.Conclusions:  Patients and general dentists have a significantly less favorable initial perception of their dental esthetics and function when compared with orthodontists. Final scores of esthetic and functional perceptions between the patients and all three dentist groups showed significant differences, with patients perceiving the results of their treatment more favorably than practitioners.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe data herein elucidates differences in the value systems of professionals and patients. It is meant to encourage dentists to consider whether these differences justify the persistence of traditional orthodontic treatment goals or if treatment planning should incorporate consideration of each individual patient's preferences to maximize utility.(J Esthet Restor Dent 24:40–52, 2012)
A substitution within erythropoietin receptor gene D1 domain associated with litter size in Beijing Black pig, Sus scrofa
Authors: ZHANG Longchao , WANG Ligang , LI Yong , LI Wen , YAN Hua , LIU Xin , ZHAO Kebin , WANG Lixian 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTStudies of uterine capacity and litter size in swine have suggested that erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) plays an important role in fetal survival through maturation of red blood cells. In this study, we screened the porcine EPOR gene for mutations and identified three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): two missense mutations and one synonymous mutation. We then genotyped 272 Beijing Black sows, Sus scrofa, and compared this data with litter sizes from a total of 1523 parities among the sows. The G allele of the nonsynonymous SNP, EPOR c.434A>G, was associated with greater litter size at both first parity (P < 0.05) and at later parities (P < 0.01). This SNP causes His92Arg adjacent to the fourth conserved cysteine residue in the mature protein and is in the D1 domain of the protein. Additionally, we determined the allele frequencies for this SNP among six Chinese indigenous pig breeds (Bamei, Erhualian, Laiwu Black, Mashen, Meishan and Min) and three Western commercial pig breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White). The c.434G allele was significantly more common among the more prolific Chinese breeds than the Western breeds, implying that EPOR c.434A>G could be a useful genetic marker to improve litter size in swine.