bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression Analysis of Proline Metabolism‐related Genes From Halophyte Arabis stelleri under Osmotic Stress Conditions
Authors: Jung Yuchul , Park Jungan , Choi Yunjung , Yang Jin‐Gweon , Kim Donggiun , Kim Beom‐Gi , Roh Kyunghee , Lee Dong‐Hee , Auh Chung‐Kyoon , Lee Sukchan 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Arabis stelleri var. japonica evidenced stronger osmotic stress tolerance than Arabidopsis thaliana. Using an A. thaliana microarray chip, we determined changes in the expression of approximately 2 800 genes between A. stelleri plants treated with 0.2 M mannitol versus mock‐treated plants. The most significant changes in the gene expression patterns were in genes defining cellular components or in genes associated with the endomembrane system, stimulus response, stress response, chemical stimulus response, and defense response. The expression patterns of three de novo proline biosynthesis enzymes were evaluated in A. stelleri var. japonica seedlings treated with 0.2 M mannitol, 0.2 M sorbitol, and 0.2 M NaCl. The expression of Δ1‐pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate synthetase was not affected by NaCl stress but was similarly induced by mannitol and sorbitol. The proline dehydrogenase gene, which is known to be repressed by dehydration stress and induced by free L‐proline, was induced at an early stage by mannitol treatment, but the level of proline dehydrogenase was increased later by treatment with both mannitol and NaCl. The level of free L‐proline accumulation increased progressively in response to treatments with mannitol, sorbitol, and NaCl. Mannitol induced L‐proline accumulation more rapidly than NaCl or sorbitol. These findings demonstrate that the osmotic tolerance of the novel halophyte, Arabis stelleri, is associated with the accumulation of L‐proline.
Endodontic treatment of a taurodontic premolar with five canals
Authors: Demiryürek Ebru Özsezer , Gönülol Nihan , Bulucu Bilinç 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTaurodontism is a morpho‐anatomical abnormality in the shape of a tooth. An enlarged pulp chamber, apical displacement of the pulpal floor and no constriction at the level of the cemento‐enamel junction are the characteristic features. Special care is required in all aspects of endodontic treatment of a taurodontal tooth, including identifying the orifice, canal exploration, cleaning, shaping and obturation of the root canal. This case report describes the successful endodontic treatment of a taurodontic mandibular second premolar with five root canals.
Bond strength of fibre glass and carbon fibre posts to the root canal walls using different resin cements
Authors: Farina Ana Paula , Cecchin Doglas , da Fonseca Roberti Garcia Lucas , Naves Lucas Zago , de Carvalho Panzeri Pires‐de‐Souza Fernanda 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe aim of the study was to evaluate the bond strength of fibre glass and carbon fibre posts in the root canal walls cemented with self‐adhesive (RelyX‐Unicem) and chemical (Cement‐Post) resin cements. Forty maxillary canines were divided into four groups according to the cement and post used and submitted to the push‐out test (0.5 mm min−1). The data were submitted to statistical analysis (2‐way anova, Bonferroni –P < 0.05) and fracture analysis by Scanning Electronic Microscopy. Fibre glass presented the best results when cemented with RelyX‐Unicem and Cement‐Post (P < 0.05). RelyX‐Unicem presented the highest bond strength values for both posts (P < 0.05). Fracture analysis showed predominance of cohesive fracture of post for RelyX‐Unicem and adhesive fracture between dentin/cement and mixed for Cement‐Post. The bond strength values were significantly affected by the type of post and cement used and the highest values were found for fibre glass posts and RelyX‐Unicem.
Morphometrical analysis of cleaning capacity of a hybrid instrumentation in mesial flattened root canals
Authors: Oliveira Gonçalves Leonardo Cantanhede , Sponchiado Junior Emilio Carlos , da Frota Matheus Franco , Marques André Augusto Franco , da Fonseca Roberti Garcia Lucas 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe cleaning capacity of hybrid and rotary instrumentation techniques in mesial flattened canals of mandibular first molars was evaluated by morphometrical analysis in this study. Twenty human mandibular first molars were randomly assigned into two groups, according to instrumentation technique, as follows: group 1, instrumentation with ProTaper Starter Kit (Dentsply/Maillefer) rotary system; group 2, manual instrumentation using K files (Dentsply/Maillefer) by crown‐down technique in middle and apical thirds, cervical preparation with Gates‐Glidden #1 and #2 (Dentsply/Maillefer) burs, and to finalise the preparation, ProTaper F2 and F3 rotary files. Serial transverse cross‐sections (5 µm) of the apical third, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, were analysed at 100× original magnification. The images were submitted to morphometrical analysis with an integration grid to determine the percentage of root canal area with debris. Statiscal analysis (t‐Student, P < 0.05) showed significant difference between the techniques (P < 0.05), although neither completely cleaned the root canal.
Effectiveness of different chemical agents for disinfection of gutta‐percha cones
Authors: Nabeshima Cleber K. , de Lima Machado Manoel Eduardo , Borges Britto Maria Leticia , Pallotta Raul Capp 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of different chemical methods to disinfect gutta‐percha cones (GP). Eighty‐six size 80 GP cones were used. The cones were contaminated by immersion in saliva and Enterococcus faecalis. Four chemical agents were used: 1% sodium hypochlorite (G1), 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (G2), 10% povidone iodine (G3) and 0.9% saline solution (G4). GP cones were immersed in the solutions for periods of 1 and 10 min. After the disinfection procedure, the cones were incubated in blood heart infusion and the presence of bacterial growth was analysed by turbidity of the medium. In G4, bacterial growth was observed in all specimens; G3 showed growth after immersion for 1 min when contaminated with E. faecalis; G1 showed diverse results after the immersion for 1 min. Meanwhile, G1 and G3 after 10 min, and G2 at both times evaluated did not show bacterial growth. The immersion of GP cones in 2% chlorhexidine gluconate for 1 min was an effective method for GP disinfection, while 10% povidone iodine and 1% sodium hypochlorite needed 10 min of immersion to disinfect the GP.
CLINICAL STUDY: Associations Among Cardiometabolic Risk Factor Clustering, Weight Status, and Cardiovascular Disease in an Appalachian Population
Authors: Blake Kimberly B. , Shankar Anoop , Madhavan Suresh , Ducatman Alan 
Published: August 2010

Prev Cardiol. ****;**:**–**.It has been suggested that within the traditional body mass index (BMI) categories there is a heterogeneous pattern of cardiometabolic risk factor clustering. The objective of this research was to determine the associations among obesity, cardiometabolic abnormalities, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a large population‐based study of Appalachian adults. The study comprised a cross‐sectional survey of Appalachian adults residing in 6 communities in Ohio and West Virginia, who were aged 18 years and older (n=14,783, 50.9% women). The authors categorized BMI into normal weight (<25 kg/m2), overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Cardiometabolic abnormalities were defined as the presence of hypertension, elevated triglycerides (≥150 mg/dL), decreased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (<40 mg/dL [men], <50 mg/dL [women]), elevated fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dL)/diabetes, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment >5.13), or elevated C‐reactive protein (>3 mg/L). They found that 25.6% of normal‐weight adults displayed clustering of ≥2 cardiometabolic abnormalities; in contrast, 36.8% of overweight/obese adults displayed no clustering. Compared with normal‐weight persons without clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities (referent), the odds ratio of CVD was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84–1.34) among overweight/obese individuals without cardiometabolic clustering, 2.21 (95% CI, 1.74–2.81) among normal‐weight individuals with cardiometabolic clustering, and 2.45 (95% CI, 2.02–2.97) among overweight/obese individuals with cardiometabolic clustering. These results suggest that within the traditional BMI categories, there may be heterogeneity of CVD risk depending on whether there is underlying clustering of cardiometabolic abnormalities.
At‐risk mental state (ARMS) detection in a community service center for early attention to psychosis in Barcelona
Authors: Quijada Yanet , Tizón Jorge L. , Artigue Jordi , Parra Belén 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: To describe the strategy and some results in at‐risk mental state (ARMS) patient detection as well as some of the ARMS clinical and socio‐demographical characteristics. The subjects were selected among the patients visited by an Early Care Equipment for patients at high risk of psychoses, in Barcelona (Spain) during its first year in operation.Methods: Descriptive study of the community–team relations, selection criteria and intervention procedure. Description of patient's socio‐demographic and symptomatic characteristics according to the different instruments used in detection and diagnoses, taking account of four principal origins of referrals: mental health services, primary care services, education services and social services.Results: Twenty of 55 referred people fulfilled the at‐risk mental state criteria, showing an incidence of 2.4 cases per 10 000 inhabitants. They were mainly adolescent males referred from health, education and social services. Overall, negative symptoms were predominant symptoms and the more frequent specific symptoms were decrease of motivation and poor work and school performance, decreased ability to maintain or initiate social relationships, depressed mood and withdrawal.Conclusions: It is possible to detect and to provide early treatment to patients with prodromal symptoms if the whole matrix of the community – including the social services – contributes to the process. The utilization of a screening instrument and a two‐phase strategy – the second carried out by the specialized team – seems to be an appropriate approach for early psychosis and ARMS detection.
Impaired verbal memory in young adults with unipolar and bipolar depression
Authors: Hermens Daniel F. , Naismith Sharon L. , Redoblado Hodge M. Antoinette , Scott Elizabeth M. , Hickie Ian B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAim: Early stages of severe mood disorders may be accompanied by neurocognitive changes. Specifically, deficits in verbal memory have been linked to depression in young people. This study examined whether young adults with unipolar compared with bipolar depression showed similar neurocognitive deficits.Methods: A total of 57 young adults (16–32 years) were assessed in this study. Twenty with unipolar and 20 with bipolar depression, all currently depressed, were compared with 17 healthy controls. Neuropsychological assessment included psychomotor speed, attention for routine mental operations, attentional switching, executive control and verbal learning and memory.Results: Both unipolar and bipolar subjects showed significant impairments in verbal memory and attentional switching compared with controls. Both mood disorder groups showed no impairments in psychomotor speed, attention for routine mental operations and executive control. Effects size calculations show that the unipolar and bipolar groups do not differ from each other across a range of neurocognitive measures.Conclusion: Neurocognitive deficits in young adults with current depressive syndromes appear to differ from those typically seen in older patients. In early adulthood, both unipolar and bipolar depression may be distinguished by poor verbal memory, despite intact speed of processing, attention and executive functions. This study suggests that there is utility in neuropsychological testing for young adults in the early stages of severe mood disorders. In order to prevent neurobiological changes inherent to the disease, pharmacological and non‐pharmacological interventions that target verbal memory deficits may be optimally delivered early in the disease course.
The meaning of self‐care for people with chronic illness
Authors: Kralik Debbie , Price Kay , Telford Kerry 
Published: August 2010

kralik d, price k & telford k (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 197–204 The meaning of self‐care for people with chronic illnessAim.  To reveal the meaning of self‐care as described by men and women living with chronic conditions.Background.  Chronic illness self‐care and self‐management are terms that have been used interchangeably in the literature. Self‐care in the context of chronic illness has received some research attention, but remains an under‐explored concept.Methods.  Conversation data were gathered using longitudinal email groups facilitated by the first author over a 21‐month period between 2003–2005, with 42 men and women living with chronic illness.Results.  Self‐care is a process of adaptation in response to learning about oneself and about ways to live well with illness. Developing capacity to self care impacted significantly on the way participants experienced illness, their view of themselves and of their future.Conclusions.  People living with chronic illness describe the process of self‐care as transformational in terms of feelings about their selves and reclaiming a sense of order. It enables them to move forward with a sense of the future. The primary health care principle of holistic assessment, taking account of the wider context of people’s lives, is of heightened importance when educating about self‐care.Relevance to clinical practice.  Health care workers can assist people by acknowledging that chronic illness self‐care is a process that gradually evolves and is borne out of listening to the person’s priorities and finding ways for strategies to fit harmoniously alongside those priorities.
Navigating the health care system: insights from consumers with multi‐morbidity
Authors: Ravenscroft Eleanor F 
Published: August 2010

ravenscroft ef (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 215–224 Navigating the health care system: insights from consumers with multi‐morbidityAim.  This study explored the perspective of people with multi‐morbidity on navigating the health care system in Ontario, Canada.Background.  Delivering health care to people with one or more chronic conditions presents a major challenge and opportunity for health care today. System redesign is informed by information from many sources including a vast body of knowledge about chronic illness. However, there is limited understanding of how patients with multi‐morbidity experience navigating the health care system.Design and method.  An interpretive descriptive design was used to explore how patients with multi‐morbidity experience navigating the health care system. Data were collected through minimally‐structured interviews and a demographic questionnaire with 20 adult participants with chronic kidney disease, and co‐existing diagnoses of diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease, review of the participants’ health records, and secondary contextual data collection.Findings.  Two main themes emerged through iterative, constant comparative analysis: navigating rough terrain and discovering how to manage the health care system. The findings of this study highlight the disjuncture and misalignments in the health care delivery system and the cumulative health care‐related burden of multiple chronic conditions for consumers.Conclusion.  The perspective of patients with multi‐morbidity on navigating the health care system provides valuable insights into how the health care system may be redesigned to maintain and improve quality of care.Relevance to clinical practice.  It is increasingly important for nurses to recognise and understand the impact of how health care is delivered on the access to and continuity of care for patients with chronic conditions and the work required from such patients.
The life patterns of individuals who had been recently hospitalised for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Flanagan Jane 
Published: August 2010

flanagan j (2010)
Journal of Nursing and Healthcare of Chronic Illness2, 205–214 The life patterns of individuals who had been recently hospitalised for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseAim.  This study used Newman’s (Health as Expanding Consciousness, 2nd edn, 2000) health as expanding consciousness to explore the life patterns of individuals who had an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring hospitalisation.Background.  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a chronically debilitating disease of the lungs. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease requiring hospitalisation are highly correlated with increased mortality rates, making this experience critical in the disease trajectory (Groenewegen et al., Chest, 2, 2003, 459) While there have been many studies aimed at understanding the patient experience of late stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, there is a gap in knowledge consistent with the goals of nursing about the life patterns of patients recently hospitalised for the first time with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods.  Newman’s (Health as Expanding Consciousness, 2nd edn, 2000) Health as Expanding Consciousness guided data collection. Fourteen patients who had been admitted for an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were individually interviewed at three time points posthospitalisation. Data were collected over an 18‐month period in 2008–2009. For the purpose of this report, two life pattern appraisals are presented and discussed.Findings.  Fourteen patients including eight men and six women between the ages of 48–92 participated in the study. Participants readily engaged in the dialogue. The stories focused on what was personally meaningful and for these participants, the dialogue was not focused on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Isolation was a common experience with uniquely expressed meaning for each participant. The ability to form key relationships early in life may impact choices throughout life and requires further exploration.Conclusion.  Through using health as expanding consciousness, a nurse–patient relationship was formed providing a more complete understanding of the unique experiences and needs of the participants. There were many missed opportunities for health care providers in addressing their care.Relevance to clinical practice.  The process of dialoguing with patients to reflect on life patterns and choices underscored the importance of holistically knowing them and engaging them in care.
The DNA Barcode Linker
Authors: ALBU MIHAI , NIKBAKHT HAMID , HAJIBABAEI MEHRDAD , HICKEY DONAL A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDNA barcoding is based on the use of short DNA sequences to provide taxonomic tags for rapid, efficient identification of biological specimens. Currently, reference databases are being compiled. In the future, it will be important to facilitate access to these databases, especially for nonspecialist users. The method described here provides a rapid, web‐based, user‐friendly link between the DNA sequence from an unidentified biological specimen and various types of biological information, including the species name. Specifically, we use a customized, Google‐type search algorithm to quickly match an unknown DNA sequence to a list of verified DNA barcodes in the reference database. In addition to retrieving the species name, our web tool also provides automatic links to a range of other information about that species. As the DNA barcode database becomes more populated, it will become increasingly important for the broader user community to be able to exploit it for the rapid identification of unknown specimens and to easily obtain relevant biological information about these species. The application presented here meets that need.
Genetic landscapes GIS Toolbox: tools to map patterns of genetic divergence and diversity
Authors: VANDERGAST AMY G. , PERRY WILLIAM M. , LUGO ROBERTO V. , HATHAWAY STACIE A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe Landscape Genetics GIS Toolbox contains tools that run in the Geographic Information System software, ArcGIS®, to map genetic landscapes and to summarize multiple genetic landscapes as average and variance surfaces. These tools can be used to visualize the distribution of genetic diversity across geographic space and to study associations between patterns of genetic diversity and geographic features or other geo‐referenced environmental data sets. Together, these tools create genetic landscape surfaces directly from tables containing genetic distance or diversity data and sample location coordinates, greatly reducing the complexity of building and analyzing these raster surfaces in a Geographic Information System.
DNA barcoding for the discrimination of Eurasian yews (Taxus L., Taxaceae) and the discovery of cryptic species
Authors: LIU JIE , MÖLLER MICHAEL , GAO LIAN‐MING , ZHANG DE‐QUAN , LI DE‐ZHU 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThere is currently international interest in the application of DNA barcoding as a tool for plant species discrimination and identification. In this study, we evaluated the utility of five candidate plant DNA barcoding regions [rbcL, matK, trnH‐psbA, trnL‐F and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)] in Eurasian yews. This group of species is taxonomically difficult because of a lack of clear‐cut morphologically differences between species and hence represents a good test case for DNA barcoding. Forty‐seven accessions were analysed, representing all taxa treated in current floristic works and covering most of the distribution range of Taxus in Eurasia. As single loci, trnL‐F and ITS showed the highest species discriminatory power, each resolving 11 of 11 lineages (= barcode taxa). Species discrimination using matK, trnH‐psbA and rbcL individually was lower, with matK resolving 8 of 10, trnH‐psbA 7 of 11 and rbcL 5 of 11 successfully sequenced lineages. The proposed CBOL core barcode (rbcL + matK) resolved 8 of 11 lineages. Combining loci generally increased the robustness (measured by clade support) of the barcoding discrimination. Based on overall performance, trnL‐F and ITS, separately or combined, are proposed as barcode for Eurasian Taxus. DNA barcoding discriminated recognized taxa of Eurasian Taxus, namely T. baccata, T. cuspidata, T. fuana and T. sumatrana, and identified seven lineages among the T. wallichiana group, some with distinct geographical distributions and morphologies, and potentially representing new species. Using the proposed DNA barcode, a technical system can be established to rapidly and reliably identify Taxus species in Eurasia for conservation protection and for monitoring illegal trade.