bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefits of Order: The Influence of Item Sequencing on Metacognition in Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Chiou Kathy S. , Hillary Frank G. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe ability to appraise one's own ability has been found to have an important role in the recovery and quality of life of clinical populations. Examinee and task variables have been found to influence metacognition in healthy students; however the effect of these variables on the metacognitive accuracy of adults with neurological insult, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI), remains unknown. Twenty-two adults with moderate and severe TBI and a matched sample of healthy adults participated in this study examining the influence of item sequencing on metacognitive functioning. Retrospective confidence judgments were collected while participants completed a modified version of the Matrix Reasoning subtest. Significant influence of item sequence order was found, revealing better metacognitive abilities and performance when participants completed tasks where item difficulty progressed in order from easy to difficult. We interpret these findings to suggest that the sequencing of item difficulty offers “anchors” for gauging and adjusting to task demands. (JINS, 2012,18, 379–383)
The cost associated with disease-related malnutrition in Ireland
Authors: Rice Niamh , Normand Charles 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to establish the annual public expenditure arising from the health and social care of patients with diet-related malnutrition (DRM) in the Republic of Ireland.DesignCosts were calculated by (i) estimating the prevalence of DRM in health-care settings derived from age-standardised comparisons between available Irish data and large-scale UK surveys and (ii) applying relevant costs from official sources to estimates of health-care utilisation by adults with DRM. No attempt has been made to estimate separately the costs of DRM and any associated disease, since each can be a cause or consequence of the other. The methods used are adapted from an evaluation of the cost of malnutrition in the UK by the British Association for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (2009).SettingsHospitals, nursing homes, out-patient clinics, primary-care clinics and home care.SubjectsAll adult patients receiving hospital in-patient, out-patient or specified community health-care services.ResultsThe annual public health and social care cost associated with adult malnourished patients in Ireland is estimated at over €1·4 billion, representing 10 % of the health-care budget. Most of this cost arises in acute hospital or residential care settings (i.e. 70 %), with nutritional support estimated to account for <3 % of spend.ConclusionsThe cost associated with the care of patients with DRM is substantial and may rise as the proportion of older people within the population increases, a group at increased risk of DRM. Despite growing pressure on health-care budgets, little attention has been focused on the economic burden associated with DRM in Ireland or the potential for savings arising from improved detection and treatment of those at risk.
Effect of high doses of folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy on child neurodevelopment at 18 months of age: the mother–child cohort ‘Rhea’ study in Crete, Greece
Authors: Chatzi Leda , Papadopoulou Eleni , Koutra Katerina , Roumeliotaki Theano , Georgiou Vaggelis , Stratakis Nikolaos , Lebentakou Vassiliki , Karachaliou Mariana , Vassilaki Maria , Kogevinas Manolis 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether high doses of folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy are associated with child neurodevelopment at 18 months of age.DesignThe study uses data from the prospective mother–child cohort ‘Rhea’ study. Pregnant women completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire on folic acid supplementation at 14–18 weeks of gestation. Neurodevelopment at 18 months was assessed with the use of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development (3rd edition). Red-blood-cell folate concentrations in cord blood were measured in a sub-sample of the study population (n 58).SettingHeraklion, Crete, Greece, 2007–2010.SubjectsFive hundred and fifty-three mother–child pairs participating in the ‘Rhea’ cohort.ResultsSixty-eight per cent of the study participants reported high doses of supplemental folic acid use (5 mg/d), while 24 % reported excessive doses of folic acid (>5 mg/d) in early pregnancy. Compared with non-users, daily intake of 5 mg supplemental folic acid was associated with a 5-unit increase on the scale of receptive communication and a 3·5-unit increase on the scale of expressive communication. Doses of folic acid supplementation higher than 5 mg/d were not associated with additional increase in the neurodevelopmental scales.ConclusionsThis is the first prospective study showing that high doses of supplementary folic acid in early pregnancy may be associated with enhanced vocabulary development, communicational skills and verbal comprehension at 18 months of age. Additional longitudinal studies and trials are needed to confirm these results.
Alterations in the Fat Body Cells ofRhinocricus padbergi(Diplopoda) Resulting from Exposure to Substrate Containing Sewage Sludge
Authors: de Souza Raphael Bastão , Fontanetti Carmem Silvia 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe final disposal of residues generated at sewage treatment plants (STPs) has become a major problem for cities, due to the increase in the amount of treated sewage. One of the alternatives for the residue, labeled “sewage sludge,” is its reuse in agriculture and in degraded soil. However, not all pathogens and metals present in it are eliminated during treatment. Diplopods have been used as bioindicators in ecotoxicological tests as they are constantly in close contact with the soil. Owing to this fact, the purpose of this study was to expose specimens of the diplopodRhinocricus padbergito substrate containing sewage sludge collected at STPs to analyze morphological alterations in their parietal and perivisceral fat body, where substances are stored. The exposures were held for 7, 15, or 90 days at different concentrations of sewage sludge (control, 1%, 10%, and 50%). The parietal fat body showed no alterations in any of the three exposure periods or concentrations. Alterations in the perivisceral fat body were observed for all exposure periods. According to the results, we suggest that the sludge used has toxic agents responsible for changing the animal's perivisceral fat body.
Approximately diagonalizing matrices over
C
(
Y
)
Authors: Lin Huaxin 
Published: February 2012

Let
X
be a compact metric space which is locally absolutely retract and let
φ
:
C
(
X
) →
C
(
Y
,
M

n

) be a unital homomorphism, where
Y
is a compact metric space with dim
Y
≤ 2. It is proved that there exists a sequence of
n
continuous maps
α

i
,
m

:
Y
→
X
(
i
= 1,2,…,
n
) and a sequence of sets of mutually orthogonal rank-one projections {
p

1,
m

,
p

2,
m

,…,
p

n
,
m

}⊂
C
(
Y
,
M

n

) such that

This is closely related to the Kadison diagonal matrix question. It is also shown that this approximate diagonalization could not hold in general when dim
Y
≥3.
Capping and in vivo toxicity studies of gold nanoparticles
Authors: Lien Nghiem Thi Ha , Nguyen Thi Tuyen , Fort Emmanuel , Nguyen Thanh Phuong , Nhung Hoang Thi My , Nguyen Thi Quy , Nhung Tran Hong 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Water-dispersed colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with high concentration were synthesized from metal precursor HAuCl
4. The bovine serum albumin (BSA) and heterobiofunctionalized thiol polyethylene glycol acid (HS–PEG–COOH) were used as biofunctionalized layers for the synthesized AuNPs. The BSA and HS–PEG–COOH bound to the AuNPs were characterized qualitatively and quantitatively by transmission electron microscope and UV-VS spectrophotometer. The fabricated BSA and HS–PEG–COOH-capped AuNPs were introduced in mouse to study its toxicity and its availability in the liver.
First Report of Brown Rot Caused by Monilinia fructicola on Stored Apple in Serbia
Authors: Vasić M. , Duduk N. , Ivanović M. M. , Obradović A. , Ivanović M. S. 
Published: February 2012

Monilinia fructicola (G. Winter) Honey is a causal agent of brown rot of stone fruits, occasionally affecting pome fruits as well. The pathogen is commonly present in North and South America, Oceania, and Asia, but listed as a quarantine organism in Europe (4). After its first discovery in France in 2001, its occurrence has been reported in Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Austria, and the Slovak Republic (1). In February 2011, during a survey for fungal postharvest pathogens in cold storage conditions, apple fruits (Malus domestica Borkh.) grown and stored in the Grocka Region, Serbia, were collected. All pathogens from symptomatic fruits were isolated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). One isolate from apple fruit cv. Golden Delicious with brown rot symptoms was identified as M. fructicola based on morphological and molecular characters. Colonies cultivated on PDA at 22°C in darkness were colorless, but later became grayish, developing mass of spores in concentric rings. Colony margins were even. Conidia were one-celled, limoniform, hyaline, measured 12.19 to 17.37 (mean 13.8) × 8.62 to 11.43 μm (mean 9.9), and were produced in branched monilioid chains (3). Morphological identification was confirmed by PCR (2) using genomic DNA extracted from the mycelium of pure culture, and an amplified product of 535 bp, specific for the species M. fructicola, was obtained. Sequence of the ribosomal (internal transcribed spacer) ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region was obtained using primers ITS1 and ITS4 and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. JN176564). Control fruits were inoculated with sterile PDA plugs. After 3 days of incubation in plastic containers with high humidity at room temperature, typical symptoms of brown rot developed on inoculated fruits, while control fruits remained symptomless. The isolate recovered from symptomatic fruits showed the same morphological and molecular features of the original isolate. To our knowledge, this is the first report of M. fructicola in Serbia. Further studies are necessary for estimation of economic importance and geographic distribution of this quarantine organism in Serbia. References: (1) R. Baker et al. European Food Safety Authority. Online publication. www.efsa.europa.eu/efsajournal . EFSA J. 9(4):2119, 2011. (2) M.-J. Côté et al. Plant Dis. 88:1219, 2004. (3) J. E. M. Mordue. CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria. No. 616, 1979. (4) OEPP/EPPO. EPPO A2 List of Pests Recommended for Regulation as Quarantine Pests. Online publication. Version 2010-09. Retrieved from http://www.eppo.org/QUARANTINE/listA2.htm , June 27, 2011.
Nuclear translocation of pro‐amphiregulin induces chemoresistance in gastric cancer
Authors: Yoshida Michihiro , Shimura Takaya , Fukuda Shinji , Mizoshita Tsutomu , Tanida Satoshi , Kataoka Hiromi , Kamiya Takeshi , Nakazawa Takahiro , Higashiyama Shigeki , Joh Takashi 
Published: February 2012

Amphiregulin (AR) is derived from a membrane‐anchored form (proAR) by ectodomain shedding, and is a ligand that activates epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We have recently shown that proAR translocates from the plasma membrane to the nucleus after truncation of 11 amino acids at the C‐terminus, which is independent of the conventional EGFR signaling pathway. Although proAR immunoreactivity has reportedly been detected in the nucleus of cancer cells, its biological meaning has never been investigated. This study was performed to investigate the roles of proAR nuclear translocation in human gastric cancer. We constructed proAR truncated 11 amino acids at the C‐terminus (proARΔC11) that spontaneously translocates to the nucleus, and established proARΔC11‐expression regulatable gastric cancer cells (MKN45, MKN28) using the tet‐off system. Using these cells, we found that proAR nuclear translocation significantly induced chemoresistance in vitro and in vivo. Analyzing the relationship between immunoreactive localization of proAR and the clinical outcome for 46 advanced gastric cancer cases treated with chemotherapy, median survival time was 311 days in 16 patients with AR‐positive staining in the nucleus and 387 days in 30 patients with AR‐negative staining (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrates that proAR nuclear translocation increases resistance to anti‐cancer drugs, which might be associated with poor prognosis in human gastric cancer. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 708–715)
Accumulation of p62/SQSTM1 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Inoue Daisuke , Suzuki Takashi , Mitsuishi Yoichiro , Miki Yasuhiro , Suzuki Satoshi , Sugawara Shunichi , Watanabe Mika , Sakurada Akira , Endo Chiaki , Uruno Akira , Sasano Hironobu , Nakagawa Takayuki , Satoh Kennichi , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Kubo Hiroshi , Motohashi Hozumi , Yamamoto Masayuki 
Published: February 2012

p62/SQSTM1 is a selective substrate of autophagy, and aberrant accumulation of p62 has been observed in various pathological conditions. To understand the roles p62 plays in non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we carried out immunohistochemical analyses of p62 expression in a cohort of patients with annotated clinicopathological data. As analyses of murine and human hepatocellular carcinomas suggested a correlation between p62 and Nrf2 accumulations, we also examined NRF2 expression in the same cohort. The expression of NRF2 and p62 was examined by immunohistochemical methods in 109 NSCLC cases, which included patients with adenocarcinoma (n = 72), squamous cell carcinoma (n = 31), and large cell carcinoma (n = 6). Accumulation of NRF2 and p62 was detected in 34% and 37% of NSCLC patients, respectively. The accumulations of p62 and NRF2 did not correlate with each other, but both were associated with worse lung cancer‐specific survival (P = 0.0003 for NRF2; P = 0.0130 for p62). NRF2 status had an impact on NSCLC prognosis irrespective of histology types, but p62 status did so particularly in adenocarcinoma (P = 0.037). Multivariate analysis indicated that positive immunoreactivities of NRF2 and p62 were both independent factors predicting worse lung cancer‐specific survival (P < 0.0001 for NRF2 and P = 0.04 for p62). This study revealed that both NRF2 and p62 are independent prognostic factors for NSCLC. The prognostic impact of p62 status was pronounced in adenocarcinoma patients, suggesting that molecular mechanisms underlying cancer evolution differ between adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 760–766)
Frequent inactivation of the BAP1 gene in epithelioid‐type malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Yoshikawa Yoshie , Sato Ayuko , Tsujimura Tohru , Emi Mitsuru , Morinaga Tomonori , Fukuoka Kazuya , Yamada Shusai , Murakami Aki , Kondo Nobuyuki , Matsumoto Seiji , Okumura Yoshitomo , Tanaka Fumihiro , Hasegawa Seiki , Nakano Takashi , Hashimoto‐Tamaoki Tomoko 
Published: February 2012

In the present study, we analyzed genomic alterations of BRCA1‐associated protein 1 (BAP1) in 23 malignant mesotheliomas (MMs), 16 epithelioid and seven non‐epithelioid, consisting of 18 clinical specimens and five established cell lines. In examining these samples for homozygous deletions and sequence‐level mutations, we found biallelic BAP1 gene alterations in 14 of 23 MMs (61%). Seven of these 14 MMs had homozygous deletions of the partial or entire BAP1 gene, another five had sequence‐level mutations, including small deletions, a nonsense mutation, and missense mutations with additional monoallelic deletions, and the remaining two had homozygous mutations without allelic loss. All but one of the 14 BAP1 gene mutations were found in the epithelioid‐type MMs; BAP1 mutations were found in 13 of 16 epithelioid‐type MMs, but in only one of seven non‐epithelioid‐type MMs (13/16 vs 1/7; P = 0.005). There was no BAP1 mRNA expression in MMs with biallelic deletion and repressed expression was confirmed in MM specimens with deletion/mutation as compared with Met5a, SV40‐transformed normal mesothelial cells. Western blot showed that seven of eight epithelioid MMs analyzed were BAP1 negative. Immunostaining with anti‐BAP1 antibody in normal lung tissues revealed clear nuclear staining of normal mesothelial cells. No nuclear staining was observed among BAP1 mutation‐positive MM tumors, whereas nuclear staining was observed among BAP1 mutation‐negative MM tumors. These results suggest that the lack of the tumor suppressor BAP1 may be more specifically involved in the pathogenesis of epithelioid MM rather than non‐epithelioid MM, and would be useful for diagnosis of epithelioid‐type MM. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 868–874)
Downregulated Dicer expression predicts poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Zhu Dan‐Xia , Fan Lei , Lu Rui‐Nan , Fang Cheng , Shen Wen‐Yi , Zou Zhi‐Jian , Wang Yin‐Hua , Zhu Hua‐Yuan , Miao Kou‐Rong , Liu Peng , Xu Wei , Li Jian‐Yong 
Published: February 2012

AbstractChronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in the western world. Alterations in microRNAs (miRNAs) expression have been proposed to play a role in CLL pathogenesis. Dicer and Drosha are the main regulators of miRNA biogenesis, and deregulation of their expression has been indicated as a possible cause of miRNA alterations observed in various cancers. To investigate the role of Dicer and Drosha in CLL, we assessed the expression of Dicer and Drosha and their correlation with other prognostic factors, including Binet stages, immunoglobulin heavy chain variable gene (IGHV) mutation status, TP53 mutation status, ZAP‐70 protein and CD38 expression level in 165 CLL patients by using real‐time polymerase chain reaction methods. Patients with unmutated IGHV genes had significantly lower expression of Dicer than patients with IGHV mutations. The lower expression level of Dicer was also significantly associated with higher level of CD38 and ZAP‐70, and more aggressive Binet stage. We also analyzed Dicer expression in different cytogenetic subgroups. Lower Dicer level was found in patients with unfavorable cytogenetic aberrations (deletion in 17p13 or 11q22.3) in contrast to higher level in good risk cytogenetics (deletion in 13q14 as the sole abnormality). Furthermore, the lower expression of Dicer in CLL shows a strong association with shorter overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0046) as well as with reduced treatment free survival (TFS) (P = 0.0006). By contrast, no differences in the expression of Drosha among these groups of patients were observed. Our data suggest that Dicer expression may play an important role in the progression and prognosis of CLL. (Cancer Sci 2012; 103: 875–881)
Body mass index and the risk of obesity in coeliac disease treated with the gluten‐free diet
Authors: Kabbani T. A. , Goldberg A. , Kelly C. P. , Pallav K. , Tariq S. , Peer A. , Hansen J. , Dennis M. , Leffler D. A. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryBackgroundCoeliac disease is increasingly diagnosed and weight changes are common after adoption of a gluten‐free diet (GFD), however data on body mass index (BMI) changes are limited.AimTo assess changes in BMI after diagnosis in a large coeliac population.MethodsA total of 1018 patients with biopsy confirmed coeliac disease seen at our centre were studied retrospectively. Initial and follow‐up BMIs were recorded, as was GFD adherence as assessed by an expert dietitian.ResultsA total of 679 patients with at least two recorded BMIs and GFD adherence data were included in the study. Mean follow‐up was 39.5 months. Compared to regional population data, the coeliac cohort was significantly less likely to be overweight or obese (32% vs. 59%, P < 0.0001). Mean BMI increased significantly after GFD initiation (24.0 to 24.6; P < 0.001). 21.8% of patients with normal or high BMI at study entry increased their BMI by more than two points.ConclusionsIndividuals with coeliac disease have lower BMI than the regional population at diagnosis. BMI increases on the GFD, especially in those that adhere closely to the GFD. On the GFD, 15.8% of patients move from a normal or low BMI class into an overweight BMI class, and 22% of patients overweight at diagnosis gain weight. These results indicate that weight maintenance counselling should be an integral part of coeliac dietary education.
A review of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation associated with cardiac surgery and anaesthesia
Authors: van Harten A. E. , Scheeren T. W. L. , Absalom A. R. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryPostoperative cognitive dysfunction is receiving increasing attention, particularly as it mainly affects the (growing) elderly population. Until recently, cognitive deficits after cardiac surgery were thought to be caused by physiological disturbances associated with the cardiopulmonary bypass technique. Although the technique of ‘off‐pump’ coronary revascularisation may potentially be associated with improved outcome, long‐term follow‐up studies have failed to demonstrate a significant reduction in the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The focus of research is thus shifting from cardiopulmonary bypass to other factors common to both techniques, such as surgery, anaesthesia and patient‐related predisposing factors. Priming of the immune system by ageing and atherosclerosis may result in an exaggerated systemic and cerebral inflammatory response to cardiac surgery and anaesthesia, causing neuronal loss or dysfunction resulting in cognitive dysfunction. We briefly discuss the evidence for cardiopulmonary bypass‐related neuronal injuries in adult cardiac surgery patients, and review the evidence that immune priming is a key factor in the pathogenesis of cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery.
Quantitative trait loci associated with chemical composition of the chicken carcass
Authors: Nones K. , Ledur M. C. , Zanella E. L. , Klein C. , Pinto L. F. B. , Moura A. S. A. M. T. , Ruy D. C. , Baron E. E. , Ambo M. , Campos R. L. R. , Boschiero C. , Burt D. W. , Coutinho L. L. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryMajor objectives of the poultry industry are to increase meat production and to reduce carcass fatness, mainly abdominal fat. Information on growth performance and carcass composition are important for the selection of leaner meat chickens. To enhance our understanding of the genetic architecture underlying the chemical composition of chicken carcasses, an F2 population developed from a broiler × layer cross was used to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting protein, fat, water and ash contents in chicken carcasses. Two genetic models were applied in the QTL analysis: the line‐cross and the half‐sib models, both using the regression interval mapping method. Six significant and five suggestive QTL were mapped in the line‐cross analysis, and four significant and six suggestive QTL were mapped in the half‐sib analysis. A total of eleven QTL were mapped for fat (ether extract), five for protein, four for ash and one for water contents in the carcass using both analyses. No study to date has reported QTL for carcass chemical composition in chickens. Some QTL mapped here for carcass fat content match, as expected, QTL regions previously associated with abdominal fat in the same or in different populations, and novel QTL for protein, ash and water contents in the carcass are presented here. The results described here also reinforce the need for fine mapping and to perform multi‐trait analyses to better understand the genetic architecture of these traits.