bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of Exercise‐Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing
Authors: Schwaiblmair Martin , Faul Christian , von Scheidt Wolfgang , Berghaus Thomas M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground:The pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) response to exercise may provide a tool for the early detection of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Therefore, an accurate noninvasive method for evaluating exercise‐induced PAH (EIPAH) is desirable.Hypothesis:We sought to examine if cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is able to indicate EIPAH.Methods:Fifty‐three patients aged 67.1 ± 1.7 years (37 female, 16 male) with borderline PAH (resting mean PAP 21–24 mm Hg) performed CPET and right heart catheterization at rest and during handgrip testing.Results:When comparing patients with an exercise‐induced mean PAP ≥35 mm Hg (group A, n = 24) and subjects with an exercise‐induced mean PAP <35 mm Hg (group B, n = 29), group A had a significantly lower mean aerobic capacity (15.2 ± 1.2 vs 19.7 ± 1.2 mL/min/kg; P = 0.02), higher ventilatory equivalents for oxygen at the anaerobic threshold (34.3 ± 1.5 vs 29.9 ± 1.1; P = 0.02), a widening of the mean alveolar‐arterial oxygen difference (37.8 ± 3.0 vs 26.8 ± 2.4 mm Hg; P = 0.007), an elevated mean functional dead space ventilation (29.5 ± 2.7 vs 21.2 ± 1.7%; P = 0.008), and a higher mean arterial to end‐tidal carbon dioxide gradient at peak exercise (3.7 ± 0.9 vs 0.4 ± 0.8 mm Hg; P = 0.007).Conclusions:EIPAH is characterized by a decreased ventilatory efficiency due to ventilation to perfusion inequalities. CPET may be useful for the identification of EIPAH and serve to diagnose PAH at an early stage.Drs. Schwaiblmair, von Scheidt, and Berghaus conceived and designed the study. Drs. Schwaiblmair, Faul, and Berghaus acquired the study data. Dr. Schwaiblmair performed the statistical analysis and drafted the article. All authors participated in interpreting the data and revised the manuscript for important intellectual content.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.
In Situ Synthesis of a Novel Quinone Imine Self‐Assembled Monolayer and Consideration of Its Reactivity with L‐Arginine
Authors: Hamzehloei Ali , Mousavi Mir Fazlollah , Bathaie S. Zahra 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn situ functionalization of a 4‐aminothiophenol (4ATP) self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) on a Au electrode (4ATP/Au SAM) by the Michael addition reaction is considered. Under optimized conditions, the nucleophilic attack of the amino group of 4ATP/Au SAM to give an electrogenerated ortho‐quinone produced a novel electroactive SAM (ESAM). The ESAM could be oxidized to quinone‐imine SAM (QI SAM) for the covalent immobilization of L‐arginine monolayers. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy are employed to characterize these systems.. The apparent heterogeneous rate constant (ksapp) for ESAM/Au and the rate constant (k′) of the pseudo‐first order Michael addition reaction of L‐arginine and ESAM/Au are calculated.
meso‐Tritolylcorrole‐Functionalized Single‐walled Carbon Nanotube DonorAcceptor Nanocomposites for NO2 Detection
Authors: Wang Ying , Akhigbe Joshua , Ding Yu , Brückner Christian , Lei Yu 
Published: May 2012

Abstractmeso‐Tritolylcorrole‐functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotubes (TTC‐SWNT) donor‐acceptor (D–A) heterojunction nanocomposite film was fabricated on a polycarbonate membrane through filtration and non‐covalent functionalization, providing an excellent sensing platform with low‐cost, high flexibility and good gas accessibility. The TTC‐SWNTs nanocomposite displays a fast and sensitive response to nitrogen dioxide with a limit of detection of 10 ppb (S/N=3). The sensing response was significantly amplified compared to the unmodified one, which was ascribed to a D–A heterojunction at the interface between electron donor TTC and electron acceptor SWNTs. This study provides a simple route to fabricate low‐cost and highly sensitive donor‐acceptor nanocomposite‐based gas sensors.
Glassy Carbon Electrodes Film‐Modified with Acidic Functionalities. A Review
Authors: Desimoni Elio , Brunetti Barbara 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis review addresses recent advances in the field of glassy carbon electrodes film‐modified by acidic functionalities. Attention was posed at the architecture of the functionalizing surface film and at practical applications of the relevant sensors. To facilitate the reading, some summarizing tables were included, each one regarding a certain type of surface modification. A final section is aimed at detailing some remarks emerging from the analysis of the reviewed matter. This allowed highlighting the potentialities of the examined sensors, and evidencing some criticisms about how some of their performances were presented in the relevant papers.
Basidiospore germination by repetition and saprotrophic mycelia in the gelatinous telial horns of Gymnosporangium sabinae
Authors: Dörfelt Heinrich , Ruske Erika 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe teliospores of Gymnosporangium sabinae facultatively germinate with basidia or with haploid hyphae. The germination of basidiospores is by means of secondary spores (by repetition) or with haploid hyphae. In the gelatinous telial horns a saprotrophic mycelium is developed, that infected probably the host of the dikaryophase. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
No involvement of the adenosine A2A receptor in tardive dyskinesia in Russian psychiatric inpatients from Siberia
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana A. , Al Hadithy Asmar F. Y. , Brazovskaya Natalia , Semke Arkadiy , Wilffert Bob , Fedorenko Olga , Brouwers Jacobus R. B. J. , Loonen Anton J. M. 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundThe adenosine A2A receptor forms a heteromeric complex with the striatal dopamine D2 receptor. We examined whether a specific polymorphism in adenosine A2A receptor (2592 C/Tins) is associated with tardive dyskinesia.MethodsTardive dyskinesia was assessed cross‐sectionally in 146 Caucasian psychiatric inpatients from Siberia.ResultsBetween‐group comparisons of genotypic or allelic frequencies showed no statistically significant difference. Logistic regression analysis with the occurrence of tardive dyskinesia as dependent variable showed no significant association with age, duration of illness, gender, and genotype.ConclusionThe interaction between the A2A and D2 receptors seems not involved in the development of tardive dyskinesia. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Different safety profiles of risperidone and paliperidone extended‐release: a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial with healthy volunteers
Authors: Yoon Kil‐Sang , Park Tae‐Won , Yang Jong‐Chul , Kim Min‐Gul , Oh Keun‐Young , Park Myung‐Sook , Chung Young‐Chul 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveThe present study investigated subjective experiences related to secondary negative symptoms and cognitive performance in healthy volunteers in response to the repeated administration of paliperidone extended‐release (ER) and risperidone in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial.MethodsParticipants (n = 32) received a fixed dose of one of three study medications for three consecutive days: 6 mg of paliperidone ER, 3 mg of risperidone, or placebo. Subjects were evaluated at baseline and after the first and third administrations of the medications by using the Neuroleptic‐Induced Deficit Syndrome Scale and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms. Cognitive function was measured at baseline and after the third administration of the medications by using the computerized neuropsychological test.ResultsRisperidone was associated with more detrimental subjective experiences compared with paliperidone ER and placebo (p < .05), and these differences persisted after controlling for mental and physical sedation. Analysis of computerized neuropsychological test variables revealed significant differences in the changes in Stroop word–color test results from baseline between the paliperidone ER and risperidone groups (p < .005) and between the placebo and risperidone groups (p < .005).ConclusionsThese results suggest that paliperidone ER may have a better safety profile than risperidone in terms of negative subjective experiences and cognitive function among normal volunteers. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
HOW IMPORTANT ARE ENDOGENOUS PEER EFFECTS IN GROUP LENDING? ESTIMATING A STATIC GAME OF INCOMPLETE INFORMATION
Authors: Li Shanjun , Liu Yanyan , Deininger Klaus 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYWe quantify the importance of endogenous peer effects in group lending programs by estimating a static game of incomplete information. Endogenous peer effects describe how one's behavior is affected by the behavior of her peers. Using a rich dataset from a group lending program in India, our empirical analysis presents a robust finding of large peer effects. The preferred model suggests that the probability of a member making a full repayment would be 12 percentage points higher if all the fellow members were to make full repayment compared with a scenario in which none of the other members repay in full. We find that peer effects would be overestimated without controlling for unobserved group heterogeneity and that inconsistencies exist in the estimated effects of other variables without modeling peer effects and unobserved heterogeneity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
LRP8 mediates Wnt/β-catenin signaling and controls osteoblast differentiation
Authors: Zhang Juan , Zhang Xiaofei , Zhang Long , Zhou Fangfang , van Dinther Maarten , ten Dijke Peter 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in regulating osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Here, we identify low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-related protein 8 (LRP8) as a positive regulator of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In a small interfering RNA (siRNA) screen, LRP8 was shown to be required for Wnt/β-catenin–induced transcriptional reporter activity. We found that ectopic expression of LRP8 increased Wnt-induced transcriptional responses, and promoted Wnt-induced β-catenin accumulation. Moreover, knockdown of LRP8 resulted in a decrease in β-catenin levels and suppression of Wnt/β-catenin–induced Axin2 transcription. Functional studies in KS483 osteoprogenitor cells showed that LRP8 depletion resulted in impaired activation of endogenous Wnt-induced genes and decreased osteoblast differentiation and mineralization, whereas LRP8 ectopic expression had the opposite effect. These results identify LRP8 as a novel positive factor of canonical Wnt signaling pathway and show its involvement in Wnt-induced osteoblast differentiation. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Repetitive Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury as Experiential Avoidance Among a Community Sample of Adolescents
Authors: Howe‐Martin Laura S. , Murrell Amy R. , Guarnaccia Charles A. 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveThis study examined the relationship between experiential avoidance, functionally equivalent behaviors, and repetitive nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI/RNSSI) among adolescents.MethodSelf‐report questionnaires from adolescents (N = 211) from 3 school‐based samples were employed to assess three forms of experiential avoidance (thought suppression, alexithymia, and avoidance/cognitive fusion), various aspects of self‐mutilating behaviors, and the existence of functionally equivalent behaviors (disordered eating, substance abuse, suicidal ideation/behaviors).ResultsResults indicated one third of participants reported a history of NSSI and 16% reported engaging in RNSSI in the past 6 months. Female adolescents were twice as likely as males to report a history of RNSSI. Unwanted inner experiences, thought suppression, and alexithymia differentiated adolescents with a history of NSSI from their counterparts. Functionally equivalent behaviors occurred more frequently among those with a history of NSSI and increased in severity as NSSI increased, particularly suicidal ideation and behaviors. However, results for patterns of avoidance were not as consistent for males as females, which questions the broad application of this model.ConclusionsNSSI continues to be surprisingly common among adolescents in the community. NSSI, particularly repetitive forms, appears to be strongly related to common forms of experiential avoidance, moreso for female adolescents. Results also illustrate the importance of conceptualizing and treating self‐injury as a form of experiential avoidance. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 68:809‐828, 2012
Sonographic diagnosis of fetal intestinal volvulus with ileal atresia: A case report
Authors: Yu Wang , Ailu Cai , Bing Wang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractFetal intestinal volvulus is a rare life‐threatening condition usually manifesting after birth with most cases being associated with intestinal malrotation. It appears on prenatal sonography (US) as a twisting of the bowel loops around the mesenteric artery, leading to mechanical obstruction and ischemic necrosis of the bowel. We report a case of intrauterine intestinal volvulus with ileal atresia, suspected when US revealed a typical “whirlpool” sign at 37 weeks' gestation, with a segment of markedly distended bowel loops and small amount of fetal ascites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2013
Skeletal muscle BOLD MRI: From underlying physiological concepts to its usefulness in clinical conditions
Authors: Jacobi Bjoern , Bongartz Georg , Partovi Sasan , Schulte Anja‐Carina , Aschwanden Markus , Lumsden Alan B. , Davies Mark G. , Loebe Matthias , Noon Georg P. , Karimi Sasan , Lyo John K. , Staub Daniel , Huegli Rolf W. , Bilecen Deniz 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBlood oxygenation‐level dependent (BOLD) MRI has gained particular attention in functional brain imaging studies, where it can be used to localize areas of brain activation with high temporal resolution. To a higher degree than in the brain, skeletal muscles show extensive but transient alterations of blood flow between resting and activation state. Thus, there has been interest in the application of the BOLD effect in studying the physiology of skeletal muscles (healthy and diseased) and its possible application to clinical practice. This review outlines the potential of skeletal muscle BOLD MRI as a diagnostic tool for the evaluation of physiological and pathological alterations in the peripheral limb perfusion, such as in peripheral arterial occlusive disease. Moreover, current knowledge is summarized regarding the complex mechanisms eliciting BOLD effect in skeletal muscle. We describe technical fundaments of the procedure that should be taken into account when performing skeletal muscle BOLD MRI, including the most often applied paradigms to provoke BOLD signal changes and key parameters of the resulting time courses. Possible confounding effects in muscle BOLD imaging studies, like age, muscle fiber type, training state, and drug effects are also reviewed in detail. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1253–1265. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Child maltreatment—Clinical PTSD diagnosis not enough?!: Comment on Resick et al. (2012)
Authors: Lindauer Ramón J. L. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractChild maltreatment has a high prevalence. It can lead to severe psychological and physical problems from childhood to late adulthood. At present, the recognition and treatment of child abuse and its consequences is inadequate. Diagnostic criteria, such as those defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders of the American Psychiatric Association, are vital for that purpose. Resick and colleagues (2012) conclude that insufficient scientific basis now exists for incorporating complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) into DSM‐5. Although they are right from a research point of view, what would be the clinical, political, and social consequences of not including it? This comment discusses those consequences from the standpoint that treating children with developmental trauma disorder at an early age will serve to prevent later sequelae.
Translocation of overabundant species: Implications for translocated individuals
Authors: Whisson Desley A. , Holland Greg J. , Carlyon Kris 
Published: May 2012

AbstractEffective management of overabundant animal populations is a difficult challenge for wildlife managers around the globe. Translocation is often considered a viable management tool, whereby individual animals are removed from areas of high population density and released in areas where densities are lower. Typically, the success of a translocation program is measured at the population source, with little attention given to the fate of translocated individuals. Here we use a koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) translocation program from southeastern Australia as a case study to investigate the effects of translocation on individual animals. The koala is an iconic species that occurs at high densities in some parts of its southern range, leading to numerous conservation and animal welfare issues. Between 1997 and 2007 over 3,000 koalas from a high‐density island population were captured, surgically sterilized, and translocated to the mainland. Annual post‐translocation surveys at release sites revealed densities of ≤0.4 koalas/ha, despite release densities of 1.0 koala/ha. Radiotracking studies indicate that low densities were because of both mortality and high dispersal of translocated individuals. We observed a mortality rate of 37.5% for translocated koalas in the first 12 months post‐release. No deaths occurred among animals that were not sterilized and translocated. Translocated koalas moved greater distances than non‐translocated animals. Monitoring of translocated individuals should be performed routinely during translocation programs for overabundant species. Due consideration must be given to what is an acceptable level of mortality for translocated individuals. Although often considered an ethically acceptable management technique (especially for iconic and charismatic species), translocation may not always be the best option from an animal welfare perspective. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Scavenging activity of C4‐hydroxyphenyl‐ and polyhydroxyphenyl‐1,4‐dihydropyridines toward free radicals
Authors: Salazar Ricardo , Pardo‐Jimenez V. , Navarrete‐Encina P. A. , Squella J. A. , Camargo C. , Núñez‐Vergara Luis J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe radical‐scavenging ability of synthesized C4‐phenolic‐substituted 1,4‐dihydropyridines (1,4‐DHPs) toward 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and alkyl/alkylperoxyl ABAP‐derived radicals at pH 7.4 was assessed by UV–visible spectroscopy. Reactivity of 1,4‐DHPs toward DPPH• was measured by following the decay of the absorption corresponding to the radical λmax at 525 nm, permitting the calculation of EC50, tEC50, and antiradical efficiency values. Pseudo–first‐order kinetic rate constants for the reactivity between the C4‐phenolic‐substituted 1,4‐DHP compounds and alkyl/alkylperoxyl ABAP‐derived radicals were followed by the decrease in λmax at 356 nm corresponding to 1,4‐DHP moiety. C4‐phenolic‐substituted 1,4‐DHPs were more reactive toward alkyl free radicals than the other tested radicals. The 3,4,5‐trihydroxyphenyl‐1,4‐DHP was the most reactive derivative toward this radical with a kinetic rate constant value of 513.2 s−1. Also, this derivative was the most effective toward the DPPH• radical with the lowest EC50 value (5.08 µM). Comparative studies revealed that synthesized 1,4‐DHPs were more reactive than commercial 1,4‐DHPs. The scavenging mechanism involves the contribution of both pharmacophores, that is, hydroxyphenyl and 1,4‐DHP rings, which was supported by the identification of the reaction products. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 810–820, 2012
Organic solid‐state integrated amplifiers and lasers
Authors: Grivas C. , Pollnau M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSolid‐state organic amplifiers and lasers are attractive for hybrid integration due to their compatibility with different material platforms, straightforward processing, and possibility to optimize easily their optical and electronic properties by molecular engineering. Advances in the gain medium design and synthesis in combination with new resonator architectures led to tremendous improvements in temporal and spectral properties, lifetime stability, gains produced and operating threshold powers, which triggered interest in their use for a broad range of integrated photonic applications. In this contribution, the current state‐of‐the‐art in the field of organic solid‐state amplifiers and lasers is reviewed from the aspects of fabrication technology, gain materials, and device performance. Furthermore, examples of the progress of this technology from a laboratory curiosity to one that demonstrates practical integrated photonic applications are highlighted. An outlook is also provided on research areas and applications that are likely to shape further developments of this technology. (Figure reprinted from [296], ©2000, with permission from Elsevier.)
Effects of conductive graphite filler loading on physical properties of high‐density polyethylene composite
Authors: Tavman I. , Krupa I. , Omastova M. , Sarikanat M. , Novak I. , Sever K. , Ozdemir I. , Seki Y. , Podhradská S. , Moskova D. , Erbay E. , Guner F. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHigh‐density polyethylene (HDPE)/graphite nanocomposites containing up to 30 vol% of graphite powder filler were prepared by melt mixing in a Brabender Plasticorder at 180°C for 15 min. The nanocomposites were characterized for their rheological, dynamic mechanical, crystallographic, and electrical properties as a function of graphite loading. The results indicated that graphite loading affects storage modulus, loss modulus, complex viscosity, and conductivity of HDPE matrix. The storage modulus increases while the graphite loading increases in the studied concentration range (up to 30%). When the graphite loading was increased to 30%, storage modulus at room temperature was about 300% higher than that of pure HDPE. Also, the composites containing 20 and 30% graphite shows more conductivity than the others. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Telephone peer support for women with gynaecological cancer: benefits and challenges for supporters
Authors: Pistrang Nancy , Jay Zara , Gessler Sue , Barker Chris 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveDespite the prevalence of one‐to‐one peer support programmes for people with cancer, little research has examined its impact on the supporters themselves. This qualitative study examined a telephone‐delivered one‐to‐one peer support intervention for women with gynaecological cancer, focussing on supporters' subjective experiences of benefits or costs to themselves and challenges arising in the support process.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews (N = 24) were conducted with 16 women who provided peer support for 24 patients. Transcripts were analysed thematically using the Framework approach.ResultsParticipants described significant personal benefits of providing support, including enhanced self‐esteem and well‐being, and gaining a new perspective and closure on their cancer experience. They experienced no adverse consequences, but several challenges arose, for example, finding a balance between emotional involvement and detachment, and supporting someone with a poor prognosis or high levels of negative emotion. Their accounts indicated resourcefulness in managing the challenges.ConclusionsProviding peer support has a valuable role to play in cancer survivorship; it can facilitate the final stages of moving away from the role of patient and help to promote a more confident post‐cancer sense of self. However, readiness to provide support and the availability of backup from health‐care professionals appear essential. The findings have implications for the selection, training and supervision of peer supporters. Future studies should routinely measure outcomes for peer supporters. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.