bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing landscape-level effects of permanent grassland management and landscape configuration on open-land butterflies based on national monitoring data
Authors: Kasiske Toni , Dauber Jens , Dieker Petra , Harpke Alexander , Klimek Sebastian , Kühn Elisabeth , Levers Christian , Schwieder Marcel , Settele Josef , Musche Martin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHalting and reversing the ongoing insect decline requires in-depth knowledge on key drivers. Due to their sensitivity to habitat quality, butterflies are valuable indicators for grassland management intensity, including mowing. However, most studies examining mowing regime impacts on butterflies are limited to small spatial extents. Here, we tested the potential of citizen science butterfly monitoring data for assessing landscape-level effects of mowing regimes (number of mowing events and timing of the first event) and edge density (density of boundaries between different land-cover types) on butterfly richness, abundance, and community composition. We used generalised linear mixed-effects models to relate nationwide data from the German Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (DEBMS) to high-resolution satellite imagery on mowing events in permanent grasslands (grasslands excluded from crop rotation). As butterfly transects may not consistently be located within grasslands, we ran our models for different thresholds from 0 to 50%, representing increasing shares of the transect route situated within permanent grasslands (10% intervals). We did not find significant associations between mowing regimes and butterflies when focussing on species richness and abundance of all species inhabiting open land. However, we found strong positive associations of delayed mowing with the abundance of grassland specialists with increasing grassland shares per transect. Further, we found negative associations of delayed mowing with the annual number of generations and of more frequent mowing with the abundance of specialists, depending on the share of grassland per transect. Edge density had a positive association with species richness and abundance of species inhabiting open land, as well as abundance of grassland indicator species and grassland specialists in landscapes with a low grassland share per transect. Our findings underscore the importance of low-intensity managed permanent grasslands at the landscape scale for specialised butterflies. Additionally, we highlight the importance of a high density of boundaries for open-land and specialised butterflies, particularly in landscapes with highly fragmented permanent grasslands. To improve future analyses of grassland management impacts, we recommend expanding DEBMS monitoring sites to cover a larger grassland management intensity gradient and to place more transects within grasslands.
Notes on universality in short intervals and exponential shifts
Authors: Andersson Johan , Garunkštis Ramūnas , Kačinskaitė Roma , Nakai Keita , Pańkowski Łukasz , Sourmelidis Athanasios , Steuding Rasa , Steuding Jörn , Wananiyakul Saeree 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe improve a recent universality theorem for the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals due to Antanas Laurinčikas with respect to the length of these intervals. Moreover, we prove that the shifts can even have exponential growth. This research was initiated by two questions proposed by Laurinčikas in a problem session of a recent workshop on universality.
Horticultural additives influence peat biogeochemistry and increase short-term CO2 production from peat
Authors: Sharma Bidhya , Moore Tim R. , Knorr Klaus-Holger , Teickner Henning , Douglas Peter M. J. , Roulet Nigel T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aims
Peat is used as a major ingredient of growing media in horticulture. Peat extracted from bogs can be acidic and low in nutrient availability and is therefore mixed with liming agents, nutrients, surfactants, perlite and so on. This study aims to estimate the rates at which raw peat and the modified peat (‘growing media’) decompose to release carbon dioxide (CO2), to estimate the release of carbon (C) from liming agents and to estimate how peat biogeochemistry is changed.

Methods
We obtained 28 and 24 samples of raw peat and 24 growing media from four peat extraction companies in Canada. Growing media were treated with horticultural additives. We incubated the samples under laboratory conditions, measuring CO2 production, tracer using $${\updelta }^{13}{\text{C}}$$

δ

13

C

-$${{\text{CO}}}_{2}$$

CO
2

, pH, C, nitrogen (N) content and humification indices (HIs) from infrared technology called Fourier transform-mid infrared (FT-MIR).

Results
C:N ratio, pH, dissolved organic carbon, bulk density and C content differed significantly (P < 0.05) between raw peats and growing media. There was more than a doubling of total $${{\text{CO}}}_{2}$$

CO
2

production from growing media compared to raw peat. HIs show higher values for the growing media, which could result from spectral band shifts in the growing media because of increased cation availability. $${\updelta }^{13}{\text{C}}$$

δ

13

C

-$${{\text{CO}}}_{2}$$

CO
2

as a tracer showed an average 22% of the total $${{\text{CO}}}_{2}$$

CO
2

production orginated from added carbonate materials.

Conclusion
Our results provide the rates (0.15 ± 0.017mgCO2-Cg−1d−1) at which horticultural peat decomposes and on the source of emitted $${{\text{CO}}}_{2}$$

CO
2

. This will improve current estimates CO2 emissions from horticultural peat.
How consistent are measures of financial liberalization in assessing its impact on bank cost efficiency? A cross–country empirical analysis
Authors: De Vita Glauco , Tanna Sailesh , Luo Yun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing a sample of commercial bank–year observations covering 104 countries over the 1999–2017 period, we consider five contemporary de jure and de facto indicators of financial liberalization to provide a comparative assessment of their impact on bank cost efficiency. With the sole exception of one de jure index, all other financial liberalization measures consistently indicate an improvement in cost efficiency. We also compare the effects before and after the 2007 global financial crisis, which instigated a policy shift from deregulation to prudential re–regulation. We find that prudential re–regulation did not detrimentally affect bank cost efficiency. Our results for the main financial liberalization measures hold irrespective of countries’ stage of economic development and prove robust to re–estimations based on a single-country efficiency frontier for the US, alternative model specifications and methodologies that account for endogeneity and cross section dependence. The key policy implication from our findings is that prudential policies aimed at fostering stability and less bank risk–taking, can be pursued without any risks of hindering financial intermediation and lowering bank cost efficiency.
Teachers’ engagement in online professional development—The interplay of online professional development quality and teacher motivation
Authors: Fütterer Tim , Richter Eric , Richter Dirk 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEffective online teacher professional development (OPD) is crucial to support teachers. The effectiveness of OPD depends on teachers’ engagement. According to offer-use models, teachers’ engagement in OPD relates to the OPD quality and teachers’ motivation to learn. However, whereas OPD activities have increased in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, findings on the importance of OPD quality and teachers’ motivation to learn for teachers’ engagement in OPD are scarce. We analyzed data fromN = 593 teachers participating in 61 OPD courses. The predictive power of perceived OPD quality (i.e., clarity and structure, practical relevance, cognitive activation, and collaboration) and teachers’ motivation to learn for their behavioral, affective, and cognitive engagement during OPD were examined using structural equation modeling. We used latent moderated structural equations to gain insights into the interaction effects between OPD quality and teachers’ motivation. Our findings indicate that OPD quality positively predicted teachers’ OPD engagement. When controlling for OPD quality, teachers’ motivation to learn also predicted teachers’ behavioral and cognitive engagement but not their affective engagement. The findings on the interactions between OPD quality and teachers’ motivation demonstrated that for the different facets of teachers’ OPD engagement, different OPD quality characteristics could compensate for low teacher motivation to learn. For instance, for behavioral engagement, opportunities for collaboration can compensate for low motivation. Implications for practice (e.g., ensuring high-quality OPD) and future directions in research (e.g., conducting longitudinal studies) in the field of OPD are discussed.
Preoperative executive functioning impairments in patients with a meningioma: does a frontal location matter?
Authors: Beele Paul , Boelders Sander M. , Rutten Geert-Jan M. , de Baene Wouter , Gehring Karin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPatients with meningiomas frequently exhibit impairments in executive functioning. There are few studies specifically examining the role of frontal meningioma localization in executive functioning impairments. This study examines whether frontally located meningiomas are specifically associated with executive functioning impairments in a large sample of meningioma patients before treatment, using an axis-wise and lobe-based approach to meningioma localization. We retrospectively examined cognitive performances in 353 patients with frontal, frontally-involved and non-frontal meningiomas on a battery of tests including tests of executive functioning. We applied an axis-based approach to meningioma location, in addition to qualitative lobe-based localization. We examined the association between meningioma coordinates on an anterior-posterior axis and continuous cognitive performance scores in univariate correlations and linear regression analyses. We also examined the association between meningioma coordinates on an anterior-posterior axis with cognitive impairments in multivariable logistic regression analyses. Meningioma position on the anterior-posterior axis was only univariately associated with mean performance on the Stroop test Interference ratio and Symbol Digit Coding task. There was no (multivariable) association with impairments on tests of executive or non-executive domains. Increased odds of impairment on executive functioning tasks were associated with left-localization (Verbal Fluency) and larger meningioma volumes (Shifting Attention). We did not find a specific relation between a frontal meningioma location and executive functioning impairments, which may be explained by widespread organization of executive functioning throughout the brain, diffuse cognitive effects of the mass of meningiomas, functional reorganization due to neuroplasticity, or functional involvement of less-anteriorly located frontal areas.
3D Reconstruction and Virtual Reality Is an Acceptable and Feasible Method for Addressing Body Image in Bariatric Metabolic Surgery
Authors: Assaf Nazrin , Scholtz Samantha , Ahmed Ahmed R. , Krieger Mitchel , Ali Nasteha , Bello Fernando 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients living with obesity continue to experience body image dissatisfaction following bariatric metabolic surgery. The underlying reasons are poorly understood but may be due to unmet expectations. Negative body image perception following metabolic surgery leads to poorer psychological and clinical outcomes. This study aims to establish the acceptability and feasibility of three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and virtual reality (VR) as a method of providing psychological support to bariatric patients to improve body image satisfaction and interventional outcomes.

Methods
Seven participants were recruited from the Imperial Weight Centre. 3D photographs were captured and processed to produce two 3D reconstructed images with 15% and 25% total weight loss. Participants were shown their images using VR and participated in peer group workshops.

Results
Six participants were retained until the end of the study. Five out of six participants agreed the images provided them with a more accurate representation of their body changes and overall appearance following bariatric metabolic surgery. All participants strongly agreed with the group setting and felt VR facilitated discussions on body image. Overall, all participants felt that the use of VR and 3D reconstruction is beneficial in supporting patients to adjust to changes in their body image after bariatric metabolic surgery.

Conclusions
This is the first study to explore and demonstrate that 3D reconstruction and VR is an acceptable and feasible method providing patients with a realistic expectation of how their body will change following significant weight loss, potentially improving body image satisfaction after surgery, as well as psychological and interventional outcomes.

Graphical Abstract
Postoperative pulmonary function of patients with lung cancer and interstitial lung abnormalities
Authors: Tsubokawa Norifumi , Mimae Takahiro , Mimura Takeshi , Kagimoto Atsushi , Kamigaichi Atsushi , Kawamoto Nobutaka , Miyata Yoshihiro , Okada Morihito 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
We investigated the impact of radiological interstitial lung abnormalities on the postoperative pulmonary functions of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods
A total of 1191 patients with clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer who underwent lung resections and pulmonary function tests ≥ 6 months postoperatively were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative pulmonary function reduction rates were compared between patients with and without interstitial lung abnormalities and according to the radiological interstitial lung abnormality classifications. Surgical procedures were divided into wedge resection, 1–2 segment resection, and 3–5 segment resection groups.

Results
No significant differences in postoperative pulmonary function reduction rates 6 months after wedge resection were observed between the interstitial lung abnormality [n = 202] and non-interstitial lung abnormality groups [n = 989] [vital capacity [VC]: 6.82% vs. 5.00%; forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]: 7.05% vs. 7.14%]. After anatomical resection, these values were significantly lower in the interstitial lung abnormality group than in the non-interstitial lung abnormality group [VC: 1–2 segments, 12.50% vs. 9.93%; 3–5 segments, 17.42% vs. 14.23%; FEV1: 1–2 segments: 13.36% vs. 10.27%; 3–5 segments: 17.36% vs. 14.39%]. No significant differences in postoperative pulmonary function reduction rates according to the radiological interstitial lung abnormality classifications were observed.

Conclusions
The presence of interstitial lung abnormalities had a minimal effect on postoperative pulmonary functions after wedge resections; however, pulmonary functions significantly worsened after segmentectomy or lobectomy, regardless of the radiological interstitial lung abnormality classification in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer.
Comprehensive Wheat Straw Processing with Deep Eutectic Solvent to Deliver Reducing Sugar
Authors: Piedade Patrícia Joana , Venkat Veshal , Al-Shwafy Khaled W. A. , Aregawi Mearg A. , Dudek Gabriela , Zygadło Mateusz , Lukasik Rafal Marcin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPretreatment is one of the bottlenecks in the cost and energy-efficient biomass valorization. Deep eutectic solvents are potential candidates for being used to address these challenges. In this work, the deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride, and acetic acid was studied for its use in wheat straw fractionation. The pretreated biomass was assessed concerning the lignin and glucan content. Under optimized time and temperature conditions, defined using Doehlert matrix chemometric tool, of 3 h 47 min and 139.6 °C, the processed wheat straw contained as much as 42.5 ± 0.42 wt.% and 38.59 ± 1.26 wt.% of glucan and lignin contents, respectively. The need for biomass washing after the pretreatment with deep eutectic solvents and before the enzymatic hydrolysis step was also evaluated. The obtained enzymatic hydrolysis results, i.e., glucan to glucose yield of 27.13 ± 0.25 vs. 25.73 ± 0.08 for washed or unwashed biomass correspondingly, are equally good substrates. Fractal kinetic analysis of the data showed similar values of k and h for both glucose and xylose reactions between washed and unwashed biomass. This confirmed that biomass washing is an unnecessary step, which in turn opens room for biomass processing intensification.
The Morse Property of Limit Functions Appearing in Mean Field Equations on Surfaces with Boundary
Authors: Hu Zhengni , Bartsch Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we study the Morse property for functions related to limit functions of mean field equations on a smooth, compact surface $$\Sigma $$
Σ
with boundary $$\partial \Sigma $$

∂
Σ

. Given a Riemannian metric g on $$\Sigma $$
Σ
we consider functions of the form
"Equation missing"where $$\sigma _i \ne 0$$

σ
i

≠
0

for $$i=1,\ldots ,m$$

i
=
1
,
…
,
m

, $$G^g$$

G
g

is the Green function of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on $$(\Sigma ,g)$$

(
Σ
,
g
)

with Neumann boundary conditions, $$R^g$$

R
g

is the corresponding Robin function, and $$h \in {{\mathcal {C}}}^{2}(\Sigma ^m,\mathbb {R})$$

h
∈

C

2

(

Σ
m

,
R
)

is arbitrary. We prove that for any Riemannian metric g, there exists a metric $$\widetilde{g}$$

g
~

which is arbitrarily close to g and in the conformal class of g such that $$f_{\widetilde{g}}$$

f

g
~

is a Morse function. Furthermore we show that, if all $$\sigma _i>0$$

σ
i

>
0

, then the set of Riemannian metrics for which $$f_g$$

f
g

is a Morse function is open and dense in the set of all Riemannian metrics.
Molecular Pharming–Produktion von Biopharmazeutika in Pflanzen
Authors: Niederau Paul Alexander , Reski Ralf 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe moss Physcomitrella is a promising production platform for green biopharmaceuticals. To further increase production yields of this platform, we identified terminator sequences to be used in future applications. In addition, we investigated which attributes make a terminator a good choice for biomanufacturing. Overall, our results improve plant-based biotechnology platforms and further our understanding of how terminators influence gene expression in plants in general.
Maximale Reduktionskraft voraus: mehr als die biologische Variante
Authors: Einsle Oliver 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe enzyme nitrogenase is described to catalyze the “biological version” of the Haber-Bosch reaction, the reductive fixation of atmospheric N2 gas into a bioavailable form. While formally correct, our current understanding of the mechanism of this remarkable enzyme reveals the astounding degree of finetuning that is required to carry out the most challenging reductive catalysis found in nature under mild conditions and in an aqueous environment.
Quantifizierung von Transkription und Translation von Riboschaltern
Authors: Martin Maria Wirtz , Wacker Anna , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRiboswitches change their secondary structure upon ligand binding, sending a signal that triggers transcriptional or translational gene regulation. Our dual-readout assay allows the simultaneous detection of ligand-dependent changes in transcription and translation. The cell-free assay utilizes the parallel detection of the fluorescent Mango (IV) aptamer downstream of the transcribed mRNA and GFP fluorescence to quantify transcription and translation products in the presence or absence of ligand.
Valorization of Wine Lees: Assessment of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of Wine Lees Extract and Incorporation in Chitosan Films
Authors: Athanasiou Panagiotis Evangelos , Patila Michaela , Fotiadou Renia , Chatzikonstantinou Alexandra Vassileios , Stamatis Haralambos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWine lees, as one of the main by-products of winery wastes, is considered a rich source of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols. Recovery of such bioactive compounds would amplify the valorization of winery by-products, as well as promote their use in cosmetics and health applications. Towards this aim, the objective of this work is the recovery of phenolic compounds from wine lees by ultrasound-assisted extraction. The effect of extraction time, and ethanol content on the extraction yield of total phenolics was investigated, while the phenolic profile of the extract was monitored by GC-MS. Under the optimized conditions, the total phenolic content was calculated at 302.6 mg gallic acid equivalents g− 1 dry extract; the dry extract was investigated for its biological activities, exhibiting excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Moreover, the extract was found to be a potent inhibitor of tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase with IC50 values of 53.3, 83.5, 82.7, 19.0, and 31.3 µg mL− 1, respectively. Finally, the wine lees dry extract was incorporated into chitosan films, reinforcing the properties of the films, and providing them with excellent antioxidant activity. The results support that wine lees extract exhibits high antioxidant activity and can be used as a highly efficient inhibitor of enzymes with pharmaceutical and health interest. Moreover, the chitosan film enriched with wine lees extract is a promising material with high antioxidant potential and can lead to the development of novel food packaging films in the food industry.
Graphical Abstract
Integrating remote sensing, GIS-based, and AHP techniques to delineate groundwater potential zones in the Moulouya Basin, North-East Morocco
Authors: Hilal Ismail , Qurtobi Mohamed , Saadi Radouan , Aqnouy Mourad , Bouizrou Ismail , Bouadila Abdelmounim , Dakak Houria , Abdelrahman Kamal , Moreno-Navarro Jesus Gabriel , Abioui Mohamed , Stitou El Messari Jamal Eddine , Ekoa Bessa Armel Zacharie , Benmansour Moncef 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGroundwater is a valuable shared resource in the Moulouya Basin, but it has been in decline due to recent years of low rainfall and rapid population growth. To support socio-economic development, there is increased demand for this precious resource. This paper presents a standard methodology for delimiting potential groundwater zones using geographic information systems (GIS), an integrated analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and remote sensing techniques. Seven parameters that monitor the presence and mobility of groundwater, including drainage density, lithology, slope, precipitation, land use/land cover, distance to river, and lineament density, were incorporated into a raster data model using ArcGIS software. AHP-based expert knowledge was used to prepare a groundwater potential index and assign weights to the thematic layers. The study classified the area into five zones of varying groundwater potential: very high (26%), high (51%), moderate (13%), poor (9%), and very poor (1%). The accuracy of the model was validated by comparing the Groundwater Potential Zones map with data from 96 wells and boreholes across the basin. The validity of the results was confirmed by comparing them with the specific yield of the aquifer in the study area, yielding a high correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.79. The analysis revealed that 89.5% of the boreholes were situated in the high and very high potential zones, demonstrating the reliability and robustness of the employed approach. These findings can aid decision-making and planning for sustainable groundwater use in the water-stressed region.