bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Live attenuated H5N1 vaccine with H9N2 internal genes protects chickens from infections by both Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and H9N2 Influenza Viruses
Authors: Nang Nguyen Tai , Song Byung Min , Kang Young Myong , Kim Heui Man , Kim Hyun Soo , Seo Sang Heui 
Published: April 2012

Please cite this paper as: Nang et al. (2013) Live attenuated H5N1 vaccine with H9N2 internal genes protects chickens from infections by both Highly Pathogenic H5N1 and H9N2 Influenza Viruses. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 7(2) 120–131.Background  The highly pathogenic H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses are endemic in many countries around the world and have caused considerable economic loss to the poultry industry.Objectives  We aimed to study whether a live attenuated H5N1 vaccine comprising internal genes from a cold‐adapted H9N2 influenza virus could protect chickens from infection by both H5N1 and H9N2 viruses.Methods  We developed a cold‐adapted H9N2 vaccine virus expressing hemagglutinin and neuraminidase derived from the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus using reverse genetics.Results and Conclusions  Chickens immunized with the vaccine were protected from lethal infections with homologous and heterologous H5N1 or H9N2 influenza viruses. Specific antibody against H5N1 virus was detected up to 11 weeks after vaccination (the endpoint of this study). In vaccinated chickens, IgA and IgG antibody subtypes were induced in lung and intestinal tissue, and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes expressing interferon‐gamma were induced in the splenocytes. These data suggest that a live attenuated H5N1 vaccine with cold‐adapted H9N2 internal genes can protect chickens from infection with H5N1 and H9N2 influenza viruses by eliciting humoral and cellular immunity.
Utility of the DNA barcoding gene fragment for parasitic wasp phylogeny (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea): data release and new measure of taxonomic congruence
Authors: QUICKE DONALD L. J. , ALEX SMITH M. , JANZEN DANIEL H. , HALLWACHS WINNIE , FERNANDEZ‐TRIANA JOSE , LAURENNE NINA M. , ZALDÍVAR‐RIVERÓN ALEJANDRO , SHAW MARK R. , BROAD GAVIN R. , KLOPFSTEIN SERAINA , SHAW SCOTT R. , HRCEK JAN , HEBERT PAUL D. N. , MILLER SCOTT E. , RODRIGUEZ JOSEPHINE J. , WHITFIELD JAMES B. , SHARKEY MICHAEL J. , SHARANOWSKI BARBARA J. , JUSSILA REIJO , GAULD[DECEASED] IAN D. , CHESTERS DOUGLAS , VOGLER ALFRIED P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe enormous cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) sequence database being assembled from the various DNA barcoding projects as well as from independent phylogenetic studies constitutes an almost unprecedented amount of data for molecular systematics, in addition to its role in species identification and discovery. As part of a study of the potential of this gene fragment to improve the accuracy of phylogenetic reconstructions, and in particular, exploring the effects of dense taxon sampling, we have assembled a data set for the hyperdiverse, cosmopolitan parasitic wasp superfamily Ichneumonoidea, including the release of 1793 unpublished sequences. Of approximately 84 currently recognized Ichneumonoidea subfamilies, 2500 genera and 41 000 described species, barcoding 5′‐COI data were assembled for 4168 putative species‐level terminals (many undescribed), representing 671 genera and all but ten of the currently recognized subfamilies. After the removal of identical and near‐identical sequences, the 4174 initial sequences were reduced to 3278. We show that when subjected to phylogenetic analysis using both maximum likelihood and parsimony, there is a broad correlation between taxonomic congruence and number of included sequences. We additionally present a new measure of taxonomic congruence based upon the Simpson diversity index, the Simpson dominance index, which gives greater weight to morphologically recognized taxonomic groups (subfamilies) recovered with most representatives in one or a few contiguous groups or subclusters.
Social support and clinical depression in China
Authors: Zuo Sai , Mellor David , McCabe Marita , Xu Yifeng 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIntroductionIt has been recognised for many years that in Western contexts social support is associated with depression. However, relatively few studies have investigated this association in non‐Western countries, and few, if any, in a clinical population. The present study aimed to establish how the perceived quality of social support provided by their spouse, their family and their friends to people in China who have a clinical diagnosis of depression is associated with aspects of their illness.MethodsThe sample comprised 50 males and 50 females ranging in age from 19 to 62 years. All participants had a clinical diagnosis of depression. They completed the Beck Depression Inventory and a scale assessing perceived social support.ResultsContrary to predictions and previous research findings, no significant association was found between perceived quality of social support and level of depression, length of depression, and number of episodes of depression.DiscussionA variety of cultural factors may be associated with the quality of social support provided to patients with depression. Further research is required to investigate if these findings generalise across other non‐Western populations, and also, to explore other factors that may influence the onset and continuation of depression among people in China.
Salivary proteins promote proteolytic activity in Streptococcus mitis biovar 2 and Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Kindblom C. , Davies J.R. , Herzberg M.C. , Svensäter G. , Wickström C. 
Published: April 2012

SummaryA major function of the salivary pellicle on oral surfaces is to promote colonization of the commensal microbiota by providing binding sites for adherence. Streptococcus mitis is an early colonizer of the oral cavity whereas Streptococcus mutans represents a later colonizer. To survive and grow, oral bacteria produce enzymes, proteases and glycosidases, which allow them to exploit salivary proteins as a nutrient source. In this study, adherence and proteolytic activity of S. mitis biovar 2 and S. mutans were investigated in a flow‐cell model in the presence of different populations of surface‐associated salivary proteins. Streptococcus mitis biovar 2 adhered well to surfaces coated with both a MUC5B‐enriched fraction and a pool of low‐density proteins containing MUC7, amylase, cystatin, gp340, immunoglobulin A, lactoferrin, lysozyme and statherin, whereas adherence of S. mutans to these proteins was poor. In environments of MUC5B or the low‐density proteins, both S. mitis biovar 2 and S. mutans showed high levels of proteolytic activity. For S. mitis in the MUC5B environment, most of this activity may be attributable to contact with the molecules in the fluid phase although activity was also enhanced by adherence to surface‐associated MUC5B. These data suggest that although they differ in their capacity to adhere to surface‐associated salivary proteins, in the natural environment exploitation of saliva as a nutrient source can contribute to survival and colonization of the oral cavity by both S. mitis biovar 2 and S. mutans.
Dissolution testing of orally disintegrating tablets
Authors: Kraemer Johannes , Gajendran Jayachandar , Guillot Alexis , Schichtel Julian , Tuereli Akif 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
For industrially manufactured pharmaceutical dosage forms, product quality tests and performance tests are required to ascertain the quality of the final product. Current compendial requirements specify a disintegration and/or a dissolution test to check the quality of oral solid dosage forms. These requirements led to a number of compendial monographs for individual products and, at times, the results obtained may not be reflective of the dosage form performance. Although a general product performance test is desirable for orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs), the complexity of the release controlling mechanisms and short time-frame of release make such tests difficult to establish. For conventional oral solid dosage forms (COSDFs), disintegration is often considered to be the prerequisite for subsequent dissolution. Hence, disintegration testing is usually insufficient to judge product performance of COSDFs. Given the very fast disintegration of ODTs, the relationship between disintegration and dissolution is worthy of closer scrutiny. This article reviews the current status of dissolution testing of ODTs to establish the product quality standards. Based on experimental results, it appears that it may be feasible to rely on the dissolution test without a need for disintegration studies for selected ODTs on the market.
Epigenetics of psychoactive drugs
Authors: Boyadjieva Nadka , Varadinova Miroslava 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Objectives
Epigenetics refers to the heritable, but reversible regulation of various biological functions. Changes in DNA methylation and chromatin structure derived from histone modifications are involved in the brain development, pathogenesis and pharmacotherapy of brain disorders.

Key findings
Evidence suggests that epigenetic modulations play key roles in psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The analysis of epigenetic aberrations in the mechanisms of psychoactive drugs helps to determine dysfunctional genes and pathways in the brain, to predict side effects of drugs on human genome and identify new pharmaceutical targets for treatment of psychiatric diseases.

Summary
Although numerous studies have concentrated on epigenetics of psychosis, the epigenetic studies of antipsychotics are limited. Here we present epigenetic mechanisms of various psychoactive drugs and review the current literature on psychiatric epigenomics. Furthermore, we discuss various epigenetic modulations in the pharmacology and toxicology of typical and atypical antipsychotics, methionine, lithium and valproic acid.
Two Years after Pandemic Influenza A/2009/H1N1: What Have We Learned?
Authors: Cheng Vincent C. C. , To Kelvin K. W. , Tse Herman , Hung Ivan F. N. , Yuen Kwok-Yung 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThe world had been anticipating another influenza pandemic since the last one in 1968. The pandemic influenza A H1N1 2009 virus (A/2009/H1N1) finally arrived, causing the first pandemic influenza of the new millennium, which has affected over 214 countries and caused over 18,449 deaths. Because of the persistent threat from the A/H5N1 virus since 1997 and the outbreak of the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus in 2003, medical and scientific communities have been more prepared in mindset and infrastructure. This preparedness has allowed for rapid and effective research on the epidemiological, clinical, pathological, immunological, virological, and other basic scientific aspects of the disease, with impacts on its control. A PubMed search using the keywords “pandemic influenza virus H1N1 2009” yielded over 2,500 publications, which markedly exceeded the number published on previous pandemics. Only representative works with relevance to clinical microbiology and infectious diseases are reviewed in this article. A significant increase in the understanding of this virus and the disease within such a short amount of time has allowed for the timely development of diagnostic tests, treatments, and preventive measures. These findings could prove useful for future randomized controlled clinical trials and the epidemiological control of future pandemics.
Update on Influenza Diagnostics: Lessons from the Novel H1N1 Influenza A Pandemic
Authors: Kumar Swati , Henrickson Kelly J. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYThe menu of diagnostic tools that can be utilized to establish a diagnosis of influenza is extensive and includes classic virology techniques as well as new and emerging methods. This review of how the various existing diagnostic methods have been utilized, first in the context of a rapidly evolving outbreak of novel influenza virus and then during the different subsequent phases and waves of the pandemic, demonstrates the unique roles, advantages, and limitations of each of these methods. Rapid antigen tests were used extensively throughout the pandemic. Recognition of the low negative predictive values of these tests is important. Private laboratories with preexisting expertise, infrastructure, and resources for rapid development, validation, and implementation of laboratory-developed assays played an unprecedented role in helping to meet the diagnostic demands during the pandemic. FDA-cleared assays remain an important element of the diagnostic armamentarium during a pandemic, and a process must be developed with the FDA to allow manufacturers to modify these assays for detection of novel strains in a timely fashion. The need and role for subtyping of influenza viruses and antiviral susceptibility testing will likely depend on qualitative (circulating subtypes and their resistance patterns) and quantitative (relative prevalence) characterization of influenza viruses circulating during future epidemics and pandemics.
Predictors of Mortality in Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: van Hal Sebastian J. , Jensen Slade O. , Vaska Vikram L. , Espedido Björn A. , Paterson David L. , Gosbell Iain B. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYStaphylococcus aureusbacteremia (SAB) is an important infection with an incidence rate ranging from 20 to 50 cases/100,000 population per year. Between 10% and 30% of these patients will die from SAB. Comparatively, this accounts for a greater number of deaths than for AIDS, tuberculosis, and viral hepatitis combined. Multiple factors influence outcomes for SAB patients. The most consistent predictor of mortality is age, with older patients being twice as likely to die. Except for the presence of comorbidities, the impacts of other host factors, including gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and immune status, are unclear. Pathogen-host interactions, especially the presence of shock and the source of SAB, are strong predictors of outcomes. Although antibiotic resistance may be associated with increased mortality, questions remain as to whether this reflects pathogen-specific factors or poorer responses to antibiotic therapy, namely, vancomycin. Optimal management relies on starting appropriate antibiotics in a timely fashion, resulting in improved outcomes for certain patient subgroups. The roles of surgery and infectious disease consultations require further study. Although the rate of mortality from SAB is declining, it remains high. Future international collaborative studies are required to tease out the relative contributions of various factors to mortality, which would enable the optimization of SAB management and patient outcomes.
Complete Genome Sequence of Klebsiella oxytoca KCTC 1686, Used in Production of 2,3-Butanediol
Authors: Shin Sang Heum , Kim Sewhan , Kim Jae Young , Lee Soojin , Um Youngsoon , Oh Min-Kyu , Kim Young-Rok , Lee Jinwon , Yang Kap-Seok 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Here we report the full genome sequence of
Klebsiella oxytoca
KCTC 1686, which is used in production of 2,3-butanediol. The KCTC 1686 strain contains 5,974,109 bp with G+C content of 56.05 mol% and contains 5,488 protein-coding genes and 110 structural RNAs.
Complete Genome Sequence of Enterobacter aerogenes KCTC 2190
Authors: Shin Sang Heum , Kim Sewhan , Kim Jae Young , Lee Soojin , Um Youngsoon , Oh Min-Kyu , Kim Young-Rok , Lee Jinwon , Yang Kap-Seok 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

This is the first complete genome sequence of the
Enterobacter aerogenes
species. Here we present the genome sequence of
E. aerogenes
KCTC 2190, which contains 5,280,350 bp with a G + C content of 54.8 mol%, 4,912 protein-coding genes, and 109 structural RNAs.
Genome Sequence of the Naturally Plasmid-Free Lactobacillus plantarum Strain NC8 (CCUG 61730)
Authors: Axelsson Lars , Rud Ida , Naterstad Kristine , Blom Hans , Renckens Bernadet , Boekhorst Jos , Kleerebezem Michiel , van Hijum Sacha , Siezen Roland J. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus plantarum
is a highly versatile lactic acid bacterium found in various ecological niches, such as fermented vegetable, meat, and dairy products and the gastrointestinal tract. We sequenced the genome of
L. plantarum
NC8, a naturally plasmid-free strain, which has been used as a model strain in many laboratories worldwide.
Genome Sequence of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. punicae Strain LMG 859
Authors: Sharma Vikas , Midha Samriti , Ranjan Manish , Pinnaka Anil Kumar , Patil Prabhu B. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

We report the 4.94-Mb genome sequence of
Xanthomonas axonopodis
pv. punicae strain LMG 859, the causal agent of bacterial leaf blight disease in pomegranate. The draft genome will aid in comparative genomics, epidemiological studies, and quarantine of this devastating phytopathogen.
Genome Sequence of Peptoniphilus rhinitidis 1-13
T
, an Anaerobic Coccus Strain Isolated from Clinical Specimens
Authors: Kim Dae-Soo , Jung Min Young , Kang Aram , Cho Jaehoon , Sin Yeseul , Paek Jayoung , Kim Dong-Wook , Kim Ryong Nam , Nam Seong-Hyeuk , Kim Aeri , Park Hong-Seog , Choi Sang-Haeng , Chang Young-Hyo 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

A new
Peptoniphilus
species has been isolated from samples from a patient who was scheduled for endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis. The isolate,
Peptoniphilus rhinitidis
1-13
T
(KCTC 5985
T
), can use peptone as a sole carbon source and produce butyrate as a metabolic end product. This is the first report of the draft genome sequence of a novel species in the genus
Peptoniphilus
within the group of Gram-positive anaerobic cocci.
Genome Sequence of a Novel Member of the Genus Psychrobacter Isolated from Antarctic Soil
Authors: Kim Su Jin , Shin Seung Chul , Hong Soon Gyu , Lee Yung Mi , Choi In-Geol , Park Hyun 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Psychrobacter
spp. have shown characteristics indicating remarkable capabilities at subzero temperatures that identify them as potential model organisms for the study of low-temperature adaptations. Here we present the draft genome sequence of
Psychrobacter
sp. PAMC 21119, which was isolated from permafrost soil of Antarctica; this information could provide insight into adaptation and evolution strategies under extreme environmental conditions.
Genome Sequence of “Rickettsia sibirica subsp. mongolitimonae”
Authors: Sentausa Erwin , El Karkouri Khalid , Robert Catherine , Raoult Didier , Fournier Pierre-Edouard 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

“
Rickettsia sibirica
subsp.
mongolitimonae
” is the agent of lymphangitis-associated rickettsiosis, an emerging human disease that has been diagnosed in Europe and Africa. The present study reports the draft genome of
Rickettsia sibirica
subsp.
mongolitimonae
strain HA-91.
Genome Sequence of the Persistent Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serotype Senftenberg Strain SS209
Authors: Grépinet Olivier , Boumart Zineb , Virlogeux-Payant Isabelle , Loux Valentin , Chiapello Hélène , Gendrault Annie , Gibrat Jean-François , Chemaly Marianne , Velge Philippe 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACT

Salmonella enterica
subsp.
enterica
serotype Senftenberg is an emerging serotype in poultry production which has been found to persist in animals and the farm environment. We report the genome sequence and annotation of the SS209 strain of
S
. Senftenberg, isolated from a hatchery, which was identified as persistent in broiler chickens.
Spectral Analysis of Tropical Atmospheric Dynamical Variables Using a Linear Shallow-Water Modal Decomposition
Authors: Gehne Maria , Kleeman Richard 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Space–time spectral analysis has been used frequently in studying observational evidence of convectively coupled equatorial waves. Here 23 yr of brightness temperature Tb data and dynamical reanalysis data are analyzed by an appropriate projection onto the meridional basis functions of the β-plane linear shallow-water equations. Evidence of peaks in power along linear equatorial mode dispersion curves in Tb, zonal and meridional wind, divergence, and geopotential spectra are presented.
Another feature of all space–time spectra considered is the redness in frequency, zonal wavenumber, and meridional mode number. It is found that spectral peaks in the dynamical variable spectra are largely consistent with linear shallow-water waves, but peaks related to barotropic waves and extratropical storm track activity are also apparent. The convectively coupled wave signals are seen to be confined to the first few meridional basis functions, suggesting a filtering method to reduce noise for these signals. This result also has implications for future modeling and theoretical work. A comparison of the results herein for two different reanalysis products shows only minor differences, adding confidence in the robustness of the results presented. This work implies that any comprehensive theory of tropical convection should explain the ubiquity of moist linear waves as well as the spectral redness with respect to all temporal and horizontal scales.
A Comparison of the Transition of Equatorial Waves between Two Types of ENSO Events in a Multilevel Model
Authors: Chen Guanghua 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
The differences in the transitions of equatorial mixed Rossby–gravity (MRG) waves to off-equatorial tropical depression (TD)-type disturbances during ENSO events are investigated with a global baroclinic anomaly model. The model reproduces reasonably the perturbation evolution within realistic three-dimensional summer mean states corresponding to El Niño (EN) and La Niña (LN) years. Based on wave structure and energetics diagnosis, the results indicate that, following the longitudinal shift of the favorable environmental fields, the wave characteristics are altered accordingly. In the presence of a circulation–convection feedback, the wave train exhibits more rapid growth, a more eastern location of transition, and a more northward-shifting component during EN years than during LN years. The convective heating acts as a leading energy source to supply the wave growth and the increase in eddy kinetic energy is directly attributed to barotropic conversion in the monsoon region.
Sensitivity experiments show that the dynamic effect alone fails to capture the observed wave behaviors although the damped modes also experience a scale contraction and a slight northward migration. The near-surface thermodynamic fields related to sea surface temperature (SST) and low-level specific humidity can play a crucial role in the scale contraction and the propagation characteristics for tropical synoptic waves. The heating feedback scheme combining the actions of SST and low-level moisture can amplify and accelerate the modification of wave characteristics initiated by the dynamic effect, producing a tighter wave structure and steering the wave train toward the warmer and moister ocean.