bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A crossover comparison of two types of female condom
Authors: Hou Li‐Yan , Qiu Hong‐Yan , Zhao Yin‐Zhu , Zeng Xian‐Sen , Cheng Yi‐Min 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the performance and acceptability of 2 types of female condoms (FCs) among female sex workers (FSWs) in China.MethodsThe present crossover survey trial was conducted in Enping City between September and December 2007.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the 2 types of condoms in cumulative rates of episodes of misdirection; participants experiencing discomfort or feeling the outer or inner ring of an FC; or the clinical breakage or turning inside out of an FC. The rates of total clinical failures were similar for both FC types. Moreover, 59.5% of the survey participants reported that either type was acceptable to them.ConclusionThere were no statistically significantly differences in performance between the 2 types of FCs tested, and most participants would accept using either in the future.
Four‐dimensional sonographic assessment of inter‐twin contact late in the first trimester
Authors: Sasaki Mutsuko , Yanagihara Toshihiro , Naitoh Naoko , Hata Toshiyuki 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the total number of inter‐twin contacts between monochorionic diamniotic (MD) and dichorionic diamniotic (DD) twins using four‐dimensional (4D) sonography late in the first trimester of pregnancy.MethodSix MD and 8 DD pregnancies were studied for 30 minutes with 4D sonography at 10–11 and 12–13 weeks of gestation. A total of 10 types of inter‐twin contact was evaluated.ResultsThere was a significant difference in the total number of all contacts between MD and DD twins at the 10–11 weeks of gestation (P < 0.05). There was also a significant difference in the total number of contacts between 10–11 and 12–13 weeks of gestation in DD twins (P < 0.05).ConclusionFour‐dimensional sonography provides a means of evaluating inter‐twin contact in the first trimester of pregnancy and could be an accurate and reliable tool in studies of inter‐twin behavior.
The Effect of an Ankle‐Foot Orthosis on Temporal Spatial Parameters and Asymmetry of Gait in Hemiparetic Patients
Authors: Esquenazi Alberto , Ofluoglu Demet , Hirai Barbara , Kim Stella 
Published: November 2009

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of an ankle–foot orthosis (AFO) on certain walking parameters in patients with hemiplegia.DesignRetrospective study.SettingGait and Motion Analysis Laboratory at MossRehab.ParticipantsA total of 1150 records of patients with stroke who were referred to the Gait and Motion Analysis Laboratory between 2000 and 2008 for an evaluation of their walking. Of this group, 217 patients wore braces at the time of the gait evaluation and were selected for a more in‐depth review. Among these patients, 42 records were selected because of the existence of available data from temporal spatial analysis meeting 2 conditions: walking with bare feet and walking with an AFO during the same visit.Methods and Main Outcome MeasurementsUnder both conditions, temporal spatial parameters of gait, including self‐selected velocity, cadence, stance time, swing time, double support time, step length, and width of the base of support, were assessed by the use of an electronic gait mat (Gait Mat II, EQ Inc.) originally designed in the Moss Rehabilitation Engineering Center.ResultsWalking velocity, cadence, percent stance, double support, and step length significantly increased, whereas affected side percent swing and width of the base of support decreased when patients used an AFO. Symmetries of stance time (P = .0001) and step length (P = .002) improved as well when patients used an AFO compared with walking barefoot.ConclusionIn this sample of patients with stroke, the use of an AFO improved the symmetry of several of the temporal spatial parameters of gait, and consequently, the gait pattern of these hemiparetic patients was enhanced.
Comparing Eccentric Resistance Exercise in Prostate Cancer Survivors On and Off Hormone Therapy: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hansen Pamela A. , Dechet Christopher B. , Porucznik Christina A. , LaStayo Paul C. 
Published: November 2009

ObjectivesTo determine the feasibility of an eccentric resistance exercise training protocol in men with prostate cancer and to assess whether men with prostate cancer who are receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) have a blunted effect from the training as compared with prostate cancer survivors not receiving ADT.DesignProspective pilot study.SettingAcademic medical center.ParticipantsSixteen men with prostate cancer (Gleason scores 3+3 to 4+4) were initially enrolled. Ten men (mean age 66, range 48‐86) completed the study, 5 were currently receiving ADT. Analysis was performed on these 10 men.InterventionsSubjects were evaluated at baseline. All men underwent a 12‐week resistance exercise training protocol using a recumbent, high‐force eccentric, leg cycle ergometer 3 times per week at a “somewhat hard” perceived exertion for 12 to 15 minutes. Preexercise and postexercise training changes were examined within and between groups.Main Outcome MeasuresQuadriceps muscle volume (magnetic resonance imaging), isometric knee extension strength, functional mobility (Timed Up and Go Test [TUG] and 6‐minute walk [6MW]), health‐related quality of life (FACT‐P), and fatigue (FACIT‐fatigue scale).ResultsThe ADT group demonstrated significant within‐group improvements in the 6MW (P = .01) and isometric knee extension strength (P = .03). This group also demonstrated a clinically relevant change in the FACT‐P; however, this did not meet statistical significance. The non‐ADT group demonstrated significant within‐group improvements in the physical subscale of the FACT‐P (P = .03) and an increase in muscle volume (P = .04). Their improvements in the TUG approached significance (P = .08). No between‐group differences existed.ConclusionsEccentric resistance exercise was well tolerated, and both groups derived some benefits in strength and functional mobility. Men receiving ADT did not appear to have a blunted response to the exercise as compared with prostate cancer survivors not receiving ADT.
Differences in Abdominal Muscle Activation Patterns of Younger and Older Adults Performing an Asymmetric Leg‐Loading Task
Authors: Hubley‐Kozey Cheryl L. , Hanada Edwin Y. , Gordon Sarah , Kozey John , McKeon Melissa 
Published: November 2009

ObjectivesTo determine whether differences exist between younger (20‐50 years) and older adults (>65 years) in abdominal muscle amplitudes, temporal patterns, and three‐dimensional (3D) pelvic motion, while performing an asymmetric leg‐loading task.DesignCross‐sectional.SettingNeuromuscular function laboratory.ParticipantsTen healthy younger (33.3 ± 7.7 years) and 10 healthy gender‐ and body mass index–matched older adults (69.0 ± 6.6 years).InterventionSurface electromyograms from 6 abdominal muscle sites bilaterally and pelvic motions were simultaneously recorded.Main Outcome Measure(s)Root mean square (RMS) amplitude during the leg extension phase was calculated for each muscle. Ensemble average waveforms for the total exercise were analyzed using principal component (PC) analysis. Total angular displacement of the pelvis was calculated. Student t tests were performed on demographic and angular displacement data. Three‐factor mixed model analysis of variances (group, muscle, side) tested main effects and interactions (P < .05) for the RMS amplitude and PC scores from the temporal waveforms. Bonferroni post‐hoc analyses tested pair‐wise differences.ResultsThere were no between‐group differences for the pelvic motions. Three PC patterns captured 85% of the variance in the waveforms. The external oblique (EO) RMS amplitudes were significantly (P < .05) higher than those of the other 3 muscle sites, similar for the PC1 scores which captured overall amplitude. The PC2 score for the internal oblique (IO) was significantly higher (P < .05) than that of all other muscles, illustrating a higher initial amplitude compared with later in the movement. There was a significant group by muscle interaction for PC3 scores, demonstrating group differences in temporal patterns.ConclusionsBoth groups were able to minimize lumbopelvic motion and recruited their abdominal muscles to similar overall amplitudes, with the IO muscle activated to higher amplitudes early in the movement task. The older adult group demonstrated a distinctive drop in abdominal activity during the leg‐lowering phase of the exercise and less symmetry among muscle sites.
Multiple mating by females of two Bactrocera species (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacinae)
Authors: Chinajariyawong A. , Drew R.A.I. , Meats A. , Balagawi S. , Vijaysegaran S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMultiple mating was investigated in two tephritid species when females were under minimal male pressure because they were each confined with a single male in cages 20×20×20 cm and observed daily until they died. Laboratory-reared females of Bactrocera cucumis (French) lived up to 274 days and refractory periods averaged 59–63 days. However, the distribution of matings among B. cucumis females was not significantly different to that expected by chance. Wild females of Bactrocera cacuminata (Hering) reared from field-collected fruits of Solanum mauritianum Scopoli lived for up to 134 days and mated up to three times with refractory periods between matings averaging 27–39 days. The distribution of the number of matings among females of B. cacuminata was non-random because of the high proportion of non-maters (50%); but, when only females mating more than once were considered, there was no significant departure from random expectation.
Simultaneous, laser-sintered, three-dimensional modelling of bony structures and soft tissue for surgical navigation of extended cholesteatoma
Authors: Suzuki M , Ogawa Y , Hasegawa T , Kawaguchi S , Yukawa K , Nishiyama N , Shimizu S 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAim:To examine the usefulness of a three-dimensional model for surgical navigation of cholesteatoma.Materials and method:A three-dimensional model was prototyped using selective laser sintering. Based on detailed computed tomography data, powder layers were laser-fused and accumulated to create a three-dimensional structure. The computed tomography threshold was adjusted to simultaneously replicate bony structures and soft tissues.Results:The cholesteatoma, major vessels and bony structures were well replicated. This laser-sintered model was used to aid surgery for recurrent cholesteatoma. The cholesteatoma, which extended from the hypotympanum through the styloid process sheath and the internal carotid artery sheath, was removed safely via a minimal skin incision.Conclusion:The laser-sintered model was useful for surgical planning and navigation in a cholesteatoma case involving complex bony structures and soft tissue.
Endoscopic rigid oesophagoscopy: a simple method to teach rigid oesophagoscopy
Authors: Anari S 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTeaching rigid oesophagoscopy is a challenging task for trainers. This report describes a simple technique of teaching rigid oesophagoscopy, using an endoscopic telescope. The accompanying video clip (available online at The Journal of Laryngology & Otology website), the first of its kind, represents a valuable teaching aid.
GSTT1,GSTM1,GSTM3andNAT2polymorphisms in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a Greek population
Authors: Chatzimichalis M , Xenellis J , Tzagaroulakis A , Sarof P , Banis K , Gazouli M , Bibas A 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjective:It is well known that laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is strongly related to tobacco and alcohol consumption. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations of detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione S-transferases and N-acetyltransferases, influence the risk of cancers associated with tobacco smoke and alcohol.Methods:This was a retrospective case–control study. The study group consisted of 88 Greek patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; there were also 102 control subjects. Frequencies of the genotypesGSTT1,GSTM1,GSTM3andNAT2were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment polymorphism.Results:The distribution of overall genotypes was 55.68 per cent rapid acetylator and 44.32 per cent slow acetylator in patients, and 36.27 per cent rapid acetylator and 63.72 per cent slow acetylator in controls. The odds ratio for rapid acetylator status in cases versus controls was 2.207 (95 per cent confidence interval 1.23–3.95,p = 0.0087).Conclusion:This study demonstrated a significant relationship between rapid acetylator genotypes and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in a Greek population.
Three-dimensional reconstruction based on computed tomography images of the frontal sinus drainage pathway
Authors: Reitzen S D , Wang E Y , Butros S R , Babb J , Lebowitz R A , Jacobs J B 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to investigate the utility of three-dimensional reconstructions of paranasal sinus computed tomography data in depicting the anatomy of the frontal sinus drainage pathway.Methods:Twenty-nine patients underwent imaging of the sinuses for various clinical indications. Variations in frontal sinus recess anatomy were determined from 0.75-mm thick coronal, axial and sagittal computed tomography images. Three-dimensional, reformatted images were generated from manually segmented volumes of interest. Observations were made on the variation and usefulness of these reconstructions.Results:Three-dimensional, reformatted images of segmented volumes aided delineation of the spatial relationships of the frontal sinus, frontal sinus drainage pathway, infundibular and meatal direction of drainage, agger nasi cells, ethmoid bulla cells, supraorbital cells, and suprabullar cells.Conclusion:Three-dimensional, reformatted images of frontonasal anatomy enable improved understanding of the frontal sinus drainage pathway anatomy and of the spatial relationships between ethmoid air cells in this region. Such images may provide a useful adjunct to surgical planning and education.
Significance of fascin expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Durmaz A , Kurt B , Ongoru O , Karahatay S , Gerek M , Yalcın S 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjective:Fascin is an actin-binding protein which is expressed in the basal areas of healthy squamous epithelium. Although overexpression of fascin has been shown in many tumours, the relationship between fascin and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma has not previously been investigated, to the best of our knowledge. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between fascin expression and tumour behaviour in 30 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Materials and methods:For all lesions, a section of paraffin-embedded tissue was immunohistochemically stained for fascin. The percentage of positive, stained cells was scored from one to five (one = 0–5 per cent, two = 6–25 per cent, three = 26–50 per cent, four = 51–75 per cent and five = 76–100 per cent), and the staining intensity from one to three (one = mild, two = moderate and three = strong). A total immunohistochemical fascin expression score was obtained by multiplying the staining percentage and intensity. The relationship between the total fascin score and each case's age, sex, tumour localisation, tumour–node–metastasis stage and differentiation was evaluated statistically.Results:Various amounts of fascin expression were observed in all cases. There was a statistically significant relationship between high levels of fascin expression (i.e. a total fascin score of 10 or more) and the cases' tumour stage (p = 0.022), node stage (p = 0.024) and clinical stage (p = 0.014). In addition, worsening tumour differentiation was associated with an increasing fascin score, but this finding was statistically insignificant.Conclusion:These results suggest that laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas with high levels of fascin expression may be more aggressive than those with low expression levels. Further studies with larger series are needed to support these results and to clarify rationales.
Infratemporal hydatid cyst: a case presenting with blindness
Authors: Yazdani N , Basam A , Heidarali M , Sharif Kashani S , Hasibi M , Mokhtari Z 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjective:We report a very rare case of a hydatid cyst in the infratemporal fossa, causing visual loss over a 10-day period, which disappeared with rapid surgical and medical treatment.Case report:A 14-year-old girl presented with right exophthalmos and visual loss. Over a 10-day period, her visual acuity had decreased to detection of hand motion only, due to pressure on the optic nerve caused by a parapharyngeal cyst pressing through a inferior orbital fissure on the right side. A craniotomy had previously been performed for a right frontoparietal hydatid cyst. The patient had been treated intermittently with albendazole. The patient was primarily diagnosed with hydatid cyst, on the basis of her previous medical history and radiological findings, and underwent surgery. Three cysts were carefully removed from the right maxillary sinus, via a standard Caldwell–Luc approach, and the surgical area was irrigated with hypertonic saline.Conclusion:Infratemporal hydatidosis is very rarely reported in the world literature, although hydatid cysts are endemic in many countries, including Iran. We discuss the common presenting features, investigation and treatment options for infratemporal hydatosis. Constant evaluation of adjacent organs is necessary, with treatment as required, due to the propensity of hydatidosis to recur in essential organs. Immediate surgery is recommended, both to prevent the development of disease and to improve the prognosis.
A new species and new records of Pyrenula (Pyrenulaceae) from India
Authors: RAM T. A. M. Jagadeesh , SINHA G. P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA new lichen species, Pyrenula darjeelingensis (Pyrenulaceae), is described from the Eastern Himalayan region of India. It is characterized by having 5-septate to submuriform ascospores with papillate apices and the terminal lumina mostly not separated from the exospore by an endospore layer. Six additional species of Pyrenula are reported for the first time from India: P. acutalis R. C. Harris, P. dermatodes (Borrer) Schaer., P. mastophoroides (Nyl.) Zahlbr., P. mucosa (Vain.) R. C. Harris, P. subelliptica (Tuck.) R. C. Harris and P. thelemorpha Tuck.
Rinodina fuscoisidiata, a new muscicolous, isidiate species from Venezuela
Authors: GIRALT Mireia , KALB Klaus , ELIX John A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractRinodina fuscoisidiata, a muscicolous isidiate species with large isidia andPachysporaria-type ascospores is described from Venezuela. This species contains an unknown terpene as a major secondary metabolite in addition to traces of atranorin. It is compared with the four known isidiateRinodinataxa.
The gastropod Arion fuscus prefers cyanobacterial to green algal parts of the tripartite lichen Nephroma arcticum due to low chemical defence
Authors: ASPLUND Johan , GAUSLAA Yngvar 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAlthough the tripartite terricolous lichen Nephroma arcticum is easily accessible to lichen-feeding gastropods, grazing marks are mainly restricted to localized cephalodia with N-fixing Nostoc. We tested if this gastropod preference for cephalodia can be explained by differences in carbon based secondary compounds (CBSCs) in cyanobacterial versus green-algal tissues. CBSCs were non-destructively removed from air-dry thalli by 100% acetone. Compound deficient and control thallus parts were offered to the slug Arion fuscus and grazing preferences were quantified by area measurements in ArcGIS™. The concentrations of CBSCs (phenarctin, usnic acid, nephroarctin and methyl gyrophorate) in thallus parts with and without cephalodia were quantified with HPLC. Compared to purely green-algal parts, cephalodial parts with adjoining fungal tissues contained less defensive compounds, and were preferred by A. fuscus. The cephalodia themselves do not contain any CBSCs. After acetone rinsing, A. fuscus did not discriminate between green-algal and cyanobacterial parts. The results were consistent with the hypothesis that CBSCs in green-algal parts of N. arcticum play a herbivore-defensive role. It is further hypothesized that grazing of cephalodia may lead to N-starvation and reduced growth of N. arcticum thalli in southern portions of its range where lichenivorous gastropods are more abundant. This may play a role in shaping the southern distribution limit of this arctic-boreal lichen species.
Resolving the genusGraphinaMüll. Arg. in North America: new species, new combinations, and treatments forAcanthothecis, Carbacanthographis, andDiorygma
Authors: TRIPP Erin A. , LENDEMER James C. , HARRIS Richard C. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAs part of our ongoing studies of theGraphidaceaein North America, we resolve the status of all taxa traditionally assigned to the genusGraphinathat have been reported from the continent north of Mexico. Treatments for the North American members ofAcanthothecis, Carbacanthographis, andDiorygmaare presented because several species ofGraphinahave been reassigned to these genera, and our studies of accumulated herbarium materials revealed the existence of several previously unreported and unrecognized species. The following new combinations are made:Acanthothecis leucopepla,A. mosquitensis,A. peplophora,andA. poitaeoides.Carbacanthographis muriformisis described as new to science based on material from Florida. The following taxa are reported from North America for the first time:Acanthothecis poitaeoides,Diorygma junghuhnii, D. reniforme.
Waynea giraltiae, a new lichen species from the Iberian Peninsula
Authors: van den BOOM Pieter P.G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA new lichen species,Waynea giraltiaevan den Boom, is described from southern Portugal and Spain. It is characterized by a very fine tomentum on the squamulose thallus, fusiform, 3-septate ascospores, and strongly curved filiform conidia. It is the first species of the genus containing argopsin. The new species is compared with relatedWayneaspecies.Waynea creticais recorded as new to the Iberian Peninsula.
Two new species ofSyncesia(Arthoniales,Roccellaceae) from Africa
Authors: ERTZ Damien , KILLMANN Dorothee , RAZAFINDRAHAJA Tahina , SÉRUSIAUX Emmanuël , FISCHER Eberhard 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTwo new species ofSyncesiaare described, which differ from all other species of the genus by having more than 3-septate ascospores.Syncesia afromontanais characterized by a byssoid thallus and 7-septate ascospores, and is known only from the type locality in the Nyungwe Forest in Rwanda where it might be endemic.Syncesia madagascariensisis characterized by a crustose thallus and 5-septate ascospores, and is known only from the type locality in a montane forest in central Madagascar.