bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catastrophizing During and After Pregnancy: Associations With Lumbopelvic Pain and Postpartum Physical Ability
Authors: Olsson Christina B. , Grooten Wilhelmus J.A. , Nilsson-Wikmar Lena , Harms-Ringdahl Karin , Lundberg Mari 
Published: October 2011

Background
There is a lack of knowledge about the possible role of catastrophizing in lumbopelvic pain during and after pregnancy and in postpartum physical ability.

Objective
The aims of this study were to explore how catastrophizing fluctuates over time during and after pregnancy and to investigate the associations between catastrophizing and lumbopelvic pain and between catastrophizing and postpartum physical ability.

Design
A prospective questionnaire was used.

Methods
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale was used to assess exaggerated negative thoughts about pain experiences in weeks 19 to 21 and weeks 34 to 37 of pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. The Disability Rating Index was used to assess physical ability at 6 months postpartum. The occurrence of lumbopelvic pain was reported by participants. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used for the analyses.

Results
A total of 242 of 324 women were categorized according to reported levels of catastrophizing. A majority of women (57.9%) reported not catastrophizing at all test occasions, whereas 10.3% reported catastrophizing at all occasions. For the remaining 31.8%, the levels of catastrophizing varied over time. Women who catastrophized at 1 or more of the occasions reported higher proportions of postpartum lumbopelvic pain and had more restricted postpartum physical ability than women who did not catastrophize.

Limitations
The fact that some women did not complete the questionnaire at all test occasions might have reduced the generalizability of the results.

Conclusions
The common idea that levels of catastrophizing are “stable” within personality should be reconsidered, because for 1 of 3 women, the levels of catastrophizing changed over time. A majority of women reported not catastrophizing. However, catastrophizing in relation to pregnancy seems to be associated with lumbopelvic pain and postpartum physical ability. The results indicated that the role of catastrophizing in this context should be studied further.
Reliability and Construct Validity of Self-Report Questionnaires for Patients With Pelvic Girdle Pain
Authors: Grotle Margreth , Garratt Andrew M. , Krogstad Jenssen Hanne , Stuge Britt 
Published: October 2011

Background
There is little evidence for the measurement properties of instruments commonly used for women with pelvic girdle pain.

Objective
The aim of this study was to examine the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity of instruments used for women with pelvic girdle pain.

Design
This was a cross-sectional methodology study, including test-retest reliability assessment.

Methods
Women with pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy and after delivery participated in a postal survey that included the Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Disability Rating Index (DRI), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), and 8-item version of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey questionnaire (SF-36). Test-retest reliability was assessed with a random subsample 1 week later. Internal consistency was assessed with the Cronbach alpha, and test-retest reliability was assessed with the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and minimal detectable change (MDC). Construct validity based on hypotheses was assessed by correlation analysis. Discriminant validity was assessed with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Results
All participants responded to the main (N=87) and test-retest (n=42) surveys. Cronbach alpha values ranged from .88 to .94, and ICCs ranged from .78 to .94. The MDC at the individual level constituted about 7% to 14% of total scores for the 8-item version of the SF-36, ODI, and PGQ activity subscale; about 18% to 22% for the DRI, PGQ symptom subscale, and PCS; and about 25% for the FABQ. Hypotheses were mostly confirmed by correlations between the instruments. The PGQ was the only instrument that significantly discriminated participants who were pregnant from participants who were not pregnant as well as pain locations.

Limitations
A comparison of responsiveness to change of the various instruments used in this study was not undertaken, but will be carried out in a future study.

Conclusions
Self-report instruments for assessing health showed good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity for women with pelvic girdle pain. The PGQ was the only instrument with satisfactory discriminant validity, thus, it is recommended for evaluating symptoms and disability in patients with pelvic girdle pain.
A common fixed point theorm for six expansive mappings in G-metric spaces
Authors: Rao KPR , Sombabu A , Prasad J Rajendra 
Published: October 2011

In this paper we obtain a unique common fixed point theorem for six expansive mappings in G –metric spaces. AMS 2000 Subject classification : 47 H 10; 54 H 25. Key words : Expansive mappings; G –metric space; Weakly compatible mappings DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3126/kuset.v7i1.5428 KUSET 2011; 7(1): 113-120
Preoperative mucosal tolerance to brain antigens and a neuroprotective immune response following surgical brain injury
Authors: Ayer Robert E. , Jafarian Nazanin , Chen Wanqiu , Applegate Richard L. , Colohan Austin R. T. , Zhang John H. 
Published: October 2011

Object
Intracranial surgery causes cortical injury from incisions, hemorrhage, retraction, and electrocautery. The term “surgical brain injury” (SBI) has been developed to categorize this injury inherent to the procedure. Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in SBI. Traditional antiinflammatory therapies are often limited by their immunosuppressive side effects and poor CNS penetration. This study uses mucosal tolerance to develop an immune system that is tolerant to brain myelin basic protein (MBP) so that inflammation can be suppressed in a timely and site-specific manner following surgical disruption of the blood-brain barrier.

Methods
A standard SBI model using CD57 mice was used. Nasopharyngeal mucosa was exposed to vehicle, ovalbumin, or MBP to develop mucosal tolerance to these antigens. Immunological tolerance to MBP was confirmed in vivo through hypersensitivity testing. Neurological scores, cerebral edema, and interleukin (IL)–1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)–β1 cytokine levels were measured 48 hours postoperatively.

Results
Hypersensitivity testing confirmed the development of immune tolerance to MBP. Myelin basic protein–tolerant mice demonstrated reduced neurological injury, less cerebral edema, decreased levels of IL-1β, and increased levels of TGFβ1 following SBI.

Conclusions
Developing preoperative immunological tolerance to brain antigens through mucosal tolerance provides neuroprotection, reduces brain edema, and modulates neuroinflammation following SBI.
Age and Total Ribavirin Dose are Independent Predictors of Relapse after Interferon Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis C Revealed by Data Mining Analysis
Authors: Kurosaki Masayuki , Hiramatsu Naoki , Sakamoto Minoru , Suzuki Yoshiyuki , Iwasaki Manabu , Tamori Akihiro , Matsuura Kentaro , Kakinuma Sei , Sugauchi Fuminaka , Sakamoto Naoya , Nakagawa Mina , Yatsuhashi Hiroshi , Izumi Namiki 
Published: October 2011

Background This study aimed to define factors associated with relapse among responders to pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) therapy in chronic hepatitis C. Methods A cohort of genotype 1b chronic hepatitis C patients treated with PEG-IFN plus RBV and who had an undetectable HCV RNA by week 12 ( n=951) were randomly assigned to model derivation ( n=636) or internal validation ( n=315) groups. An independent cohort ( n=598) were used for an external validation. A decision tree model for relapse was explored using data mining analysis. Results The data mining analysis defined five subgroups of patients with variable rates of relapse ranging from 13% to 52%. The reproducibility of the model was confirmed by internal and external validations (r2=0.79 and 0.83, respectively). Patients with undetectable HCV RNA at week 4 had the lowest risk of relapse (13%), followed by patients <60 years with undetectable HCV RNA at week 5–12 who received ≥3.0 g/kg of body weight of RBV (16%). Older patients with a total RBV dose <3.0 g/ kg had the highest risk of relapse (52%). Higher RBV dose beyond 3.0 g/kg was associated with further decrease of relapse rate among patients <60 years (up to 11%) but not among older patients whose relapse rate remained stable around 30%. Conclusions Data mining analysis revealed that time to HCV RNA negativity, age and total RBV dose was associated with relapse. To prevent relapse, ≥3.0 g/kg of RBV should be administered. Higher dose of RBV may be beneficial in patients <60 years.
Comparison of Antibacterial Effects of Various Root Canal Irrigants on Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Kumar G Vinay , Uppin Veerendra , Shenoy Arvind 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT

Aims
To compare the antibacterial effects of various root canal irrigants against E.faecalis. Irrigants tested were 5.25% NaOCl, 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate, and 0.2% cetrimide individually and combined.

Materials and methods
Root canal preparation was performed on 120 extracted permanent maxillary central and lateral incisor teeth. Following root canal preparation, apical foramina were sealed with epoxy resin to prevent bacterial leakage. The root canals were then contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. After incubation, the contaminated roots were divided into four groups of 30 each. 2 mm of irrigant was delivered which remained in the canal for 10 minutes. The canals were then irrigated with 1 ml saline solution and with size 45 sterile paper point bacteria were sampled. The growth of E. faecalis which occurred in the tubes was inoculated onto blood agar plates.

Statistical analysis
Difference between the antibacterial efficacies of irrigants was evaluated statistically using chi-square test.

Results
There was no significant difference between the antibacterial efficacies of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate alone and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate with 0.2% cetrimide, but both had a significantly lower antibacterial effect than 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. This difference was statistically significant.

Conclusions
Within limitations of this study, it was concluded that the 5.25% sodium hypochlorite and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite with 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate had a higher antibacterial effect than 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate alone and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate with cetrimide. There was no significant difference between the antibacterial efficacies of 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate alone and 0.25% chlorhexidine with certrimide.
Intraosseous Odontoma
Authors: Mohammad Shadab , Malkunje Laxman R , Singh Nimisha 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACT
Odontomes show no gender predilection, and are most often diagnosed in the second decade of life. They are preferentially located in the upper maxilla, particularly in the anterior sector. Compound odontome are more prevalent than complex odontome, and show no predilection in terms of patient gender, age or location. We hereby report a case of large compound odontome in the mandibular angle region of a 55- year-old woman.
Most such lesions are asymptomatic and constitute casual findings in X-ray studies indicated for other reasons. The most common clinical manifestations are absence of impacted teeth and the presence of a tumor. Treatment consists of surgical removal of the lesion. The prognosis is very good, with a scant tendency towards relapse.
Laparoscopic Repair of Rectovesical Fistula after Radical Retrobupic Prostatectomy
Authors: Parma Paolo , Samuelli Alessandro , Dall'oglio Bruno , Cappellaro Livio , Bondavalli Candido , De Luca Francesco 
Published: October 2011

Introduction We present the video of a laparoscopic repair of a rectovesical fistula after radical retropubic prostatectomy. The rectal lesion had not been detected during the first procedure. The rectal bladder fistula appeared on the 14thpost-operative day. After three weeks from the procedure, the patient underwenta laparoscopic repair of the rectovesical fistula. A temporary external colon conduit was performed at the same time. Materials and Methods We performed a cystoscopy before the surgery; it showed a fistula behind the bladder neck at 5 o'clock, distally to the left ureteral orifice. Two ureteral stents were inserted into both the ureters to make sure not to determine any injury to these structures during the operation. With the patient in the supine position, we introduced 5 trocars with the Hasson technique trans-peritoneally The pouch of Douglas was opened and the bladder was divided from the rectum. The bladder posterior wall was widely opened till reaching the rectal bladder fistula. The fistula was located distally to the left ureteral orifice, very close to the bladder neck. Through a blunt dissection, we divided the margins of the rectal fistula from those of the posterior bladder wall. Indeed, we performed a suture of the rectal wall without any tension. The rectal lesion was closed in a double-layer suture with 3–0 Vicryl. We introduced a probe into the rectum to make sure there was no leakage on the suture. A flap of peritoneum of the Douglas was put between bladder and rectum. We closed the longitudinal opening of the trigone and the bladder posterior wall through a continuous suture. An external colic conduit was packaged to guarantee the closure of the fistula. The left colon was put through the abdominal wall widening the 5 mm trocar opening located on the left pararectal space. Results The operative time was 240 minutes. There were no post-operative complications. The bladder catheter was removed at 1 month after surgery, only after performing a cystography, which showed no leakage. Two months later, the colostomy was closed. At a 12-month follow-up the patient had no fistula recurrence. Conclusions The treatment of arectovesical fistula after radical prostatectomy remains a complex procedure: different types of corrective surgical approaches have been described. The laparoscopic approach is an alternative to standard procedures. The optical magnification allows a good view of the fistula in a very deep and narrow space. It also allows easy performing of the colostomy.
Lung Cancer Screening Before and After a Multifaceted Electronic Health Record Intervention
Authors: Kukhareva Polina V. , Li Haojia , Caverly Tanner J. , Fagerlin Angela , Del Fiol Guilherme , Hess Rachel , Zhang Yue , Butler Jorie M. , Schlechter Chelsey , Flynn Michael C. , Reddy Chakravarthy , Choi Joshua , Balbin Christian , Warner Isaac A. , Warner Phillip B. , Nanjo Claude , Kawamoto, Kensaku 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceLung cancer is the deadliest cancer in the US. Early-stage lung cancer detection with lung cancer screening (LCS) through low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) improves outcomes.ObjectiveTo assess the association of a multifaceted clinical decision support intervention with rates of identification and completion of recommended LCS-related services.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nonrandomized controlled trial used an interrupted time series design, including 3 study periods from August 24, 2019, to April 27, 2022: baseline (12 months), period 1 (11 months), and period 2 (9 months). Outcome changes were reported as shifts in the outcome level at the beginning of each period and changes in monthly trend (ie, slope). The study was conducted at primary care and pulmonary clinics at a health care system headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, among patients aged 55 to 80 years who had smoked 30 pack-years or more and were current smokers or had quit smoking in the past 15 years. Data were analyzed from September 2023 through February 2024.InterventionsInterventions in period 1 included clinician-facing preventive care reminders, an electronic health record–integrated shared decision-making tool, and narrative LCS guidance provided in the LDCT ordering screen. Interventions in period 2 included the same clinician-facing interventions and patient-facing reminders for LCS discussion and LCS.Main Outcome and MeasureThe primary outcome was LCS care gap closure, defined as the identification and completion of recommended care services. LCS care gap closure could be achieved through LDCT completion, other chest CT completion, or LCS shared decision-making.ResultsThe study included 1865 patients (median [IQR] age, 64 [60-70] years; 759 female [40.7%]). The clinician-facing intervention (period 1) was not associated with changes in level but was associated with an increase in slope of 2.6 percentage points (95% CI, 2.4-2.7 percentage points) per month in care gap closure through any means and 1.6 percentage points (95% CI, 1.4-1.8 percentage points) per month in closure through LDCT. In period 2, introduction of patient-facing reminders was associated with an immediate increase in care gap closure (2.3 percentage points; 95% CI, 1.0-3.6 percentage points) and closure through LDCT (2.4 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.9-3.9 percentage points) but was not associated with an increase in slope. The overall care gap closure rate was 175 of 1104 patients (15.9%) at the end of the baseline period vs 588 of 1255 patients (46.9%) at the end of period 2.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, a multifaceted intervention was associated with an improvement in LCS care gap closure.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04498052
Epidemiology and natural history of POLG disease in Norway: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kristensen Erle , Mathisen Linda , Berland Siren , Klingenberg Claus , Brodtkorb Eylert , Rasmussen Magnhild , Tangeraas Trine , Bliksrud Yngve T. , Rahman Shamima , Bindoff Laurence Albert , Hikmat Omar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and natural history of POLG disease in the Norwegian population.MethodsA national, population‐based, retrospective study using demographic, clinical, and genetic data of patients with genetically confirmed POLG disease. The patients were diagnosed between 2002 and 2022, and were included into the Norwegian POLG Patient Registry. Patients were stratified according to age at disease onset (early <12 years, juvenile to adult 12–40 years, late ≥40 years) and resident region.ResultsNinety‐one patients were included. The point prevalence of POLG disease was 1:149,253. Birth prevalence was 1:48,780. Median age at clinical onset was 16 years (range: 2 months to 70 years). Onset occurred early in 35% (32 out of 91), juvenile‐adult in 55% (50 out of 91) and late in 10% (9 out of 91). A distinct seasonal pattern in disease onset was observed, with 57% (52 out of 91) presenting between May and August. Forty‐five patients (49%) had acute exacerbations that required intensive care, and this affected 72% of those in the early‐onset group. The mortality rate was 54% (49 out of 91), with a median time from disease onset to death of 3 years (range: 1 month to 36 years).InterpretationWe provide the point prevalence and birth prevalence of POLG disease in the first nationwide study in which epidemiological and clinical data were integrated. Seasonal variations in clinical onset may offer valuable insights into disease mechanisms and modifying factors. The findings from this study are crucial for quantifying the disease burden, and contribute to evidence‐based healthcare planning.
Precise and High‐Throughput Delivery of Micronutrients in Plants Enabled by Pollen‐Inspired Spiny and Biodegradable Microcapsules
Authors: Liu Muchun , Cao Yunteng , Li Zheng , Wang Emily , Ram Rajeev J. , Marelli Benedetto 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDecarbonizing food production and mitigating agriculture's environmental impact require new technologies for precise delivery of fertilizers and pesticides to plants. The cuticle, a waxy barrier that protects the surface of leaves, causes 60%–90% runoff of fertilizers and pesticides, leading to the wastage of intensive resources, soil depletion, and water bodies pollution. Solutions to mitigate runoff include adding chemicals (e.g., surfactants) to decrease surface tension and enhance cuticles' permeability but have low efficacy. In this study, vapor‐induced synergistic differentiation (VISDi) is used to nanomanufacture echinate pollen‐like, high payload content (≈50 wt%) microcapsules decorated with robust spines that mechanically disrupt the cuticle and adhere to the leaf. VISDi induces a core–shell structure in the spines, enabling the release of agrochemicals from the microparticles' body into the leaf. As proof of concept, precise and highthroughput delivery of iron fertilizer in Fe‐deficient spinach plants is demonstrated. Spray of spiny microparticles improves leaf adhesion by mechanical interlocking, reduces wash‐off by an ≈12.5 fold, and enhances chlorophyll content by ≈7.3 times compared to the application of spherical counterparts. Together, these results show that spiny microparticles can mitigate agricultural runoff and provide a high‐throughput tool for precise plant drug delivery.
Improving the Electrochemical Stability of TiMn2 Middle‐Layer for Oxygen Evolution Anode in Sulfuric Acid Solution by High‐Temperature Nitriding
Authors: Qin Jitao , Li Jie , Liu Fangyang , Zhang Zongliang , Jiang Liangxing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDimensional Stable Anode (DSA) is a promising candidate for the electrodeposition of nonferrous metals. However, the industrial applications of DSA are limited due to the propensity of Ti substrate to easily undergo passivation. Theoretically analyses shows that TiMn2 has better corrosion resistance in highly acidic and strongly polarized environments, making it an ideal middle‐layer for DSA anodes. To investigate the corrosion resistance of TiMn2, N‐doped TiMn2 (N‐TiMn2) is prepared by the high‐temperature nitriding method. The high charge transfer resistance (Rpo) of N‐TiMn2 reduces the electron transfer ability of its surface and improves the chemical stability. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy show that Ti/N‐TiMn2 can better inhibit the oxidation of Ti during electrochemical corrosion while forming a more stable α‐MnO2 film. The Ti/N‐TiMn2/MnO2 anode is prepared, and the theoretical lifetime reaches 541.5 days in zinc electrodeposition simulation experiments. This middle layer provides a new idea for developing the oxygen evolution anode in the electrowinning of nonferrous metals.