bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantifying photosynthetic restrictions
Authors: Bellasio Chandra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractQuantifying the effect of factors controlling CO2assimilation is crucial for understanding plant functions and developing strategies to improve productivity. Methods exist in numerous variants and produce various indicators, such as limitations, contributions, and sensitivity, often causing confusion. Simplifications and common mistakes lead to overrating the importance of diffusion – whether across stomata or the mesophyll. This work develops a consistent set of definitions that integrates all previous methods, offering a generalised framework for quantifying restrictions. Ten worked examples are provided in a free downloadable spreadsheet, demonstrating the simplicity and applicability to a wide range of questions.
Differential TLR-ERK1/2 activity promotes viral ssRNA and dsRNA mimic-induced dysregulated immunity in macrophages
Authors: Shrestha Rakshya , Johnson Paige , Ghimire Roshan , Whitley Cody , Channappanavar Rudragouda 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTRNA virus induced excessive inflammation and impaired antiviral interferon (IFN-I) responses are associated with severe disease. This innate immune response, also referred to as ‘dysregulated immunity,’ is caused by viral single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and double-stranded-RNA (dsRNA) mediated exuberant inflammation and viral protein-induced IFN antagonism. However, key host factors and the underlying mechanism driving viral RNA-mediated dysregulated immunity are poorly defined. Here, using viral ssRNA and dsRNA mimics, which activate toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR3, respectively, we evaluated the role of viral RNAs in causing dysregulated immunity. We show that murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) stimulated with TLR3 and TLR7 agonists induce differential inflammatory and antiviral cytokine response. TLR7 activation triggered a robust inflammatory cytokine/chemokine induction compared to TLR3 activation, whereas TLR3 stimulation induced significantly increased IFN/IFN stimulated gene (ISG) response relative to TLR7 activation. To define the mechanistic basis for dysregulated immunity, we examined cell-surface and endosomal TLR levels and downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) activation. We identified a significantly higher cell-surface and endosomal TLR7 expression compared to TLR3, which further correlated with early and robust MAPK (pERK1/2 and p-P38) and NF-kB activation in TLR7-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, blocking EKR1/2, p38, and NF-kB activity reduced TLR3/7-induced inflammatory cytokine/chemokine levels, whereas only ERK1/2 inhibition enhanced viral RNA-mimic-induced IFN/ISG responses. Collectively, our results illustrate that high cell surface and endosomal TLR7 expression and robust ERK1/2 activation drive viral ssRNA mimic-induced excessive inflammatory and reduced IFN/ISG responses, and blocking ERK1/2 activity would mitigate viral-RNA/TLR-induced dysregulated immunity.
Insights into Human Norovirus Cultivation in Human Intestinal Enteroids
Authors: Ettayebi Khalil , Kaur Gurpreet , Patil Ketki , Dave Janam , Ayyar B. Vijayalakshmi , Tenge Victoria R , Neill Frederick H. , Zeng Xi-Lei , Speer Allison L. , Di Rienzi Sara C. , Britton Robert A. , Blutt Sarah E. , Crawford Sue E. , Ramani Sasirekha , Atmar Robert L. , Estes Mary K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHuman noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a significant cause of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The lack of a reproducible culture system hindered the study of HuNoV replication and pathogenesis for almost a half-century. This barrier was overcome with our successful cultivation of multiple HuNoV strains in human intestinal enteroids (HIEs), which has significantly advanced HuNoV research. We optimized culture media conditions and generated genetically-modified HIE cultures to enhance HuNoV replication in HIEs. Building upon these achievements, we now present new insights to this culture system, which involve testing different media, unique HIE lines, and additional virus strains. HuNoV infectivity was evaluated and compared in new HIE models, including HIEs generated from different intestinal segments of individual adult organ donors, HIEs from human intestinal organoids produced from directed differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into intestinal organoids that were transplanted and matured in mice before making enteroids (H9tHIEs), genetically-engineered (J4FUT2knock-in [KI], J2STAT1knock-out [KO]) HIEs, as well as HIEs derived from a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) and from infants. Our findings reveal that small intestinal HIEs, but not colonoids, from adults, H9tHIEs, HIEs from a CVID patient, and HIEs from infants support HuNoV replication with segment and strain-specific differences in viral infection. J4FUT2-KIHIEs exhibit the highest susceptibility to HuNoV infection, allowing the cultivation of a broader range of GI and GII HuNoV strains than previously reported. Overall, these results contribute to a deeper understanding of HuNoVs and highlight the transformative potential of HIE cultures in HuNoV research.ImportanceHuNoVs cause global diarrheal illness and chronic infections in immunocompromised patients. This manuscript reports approaches for cultivating HuNoVs in secretor positive human intestinal enteroids (HIEs). HuNoV infectivity was compared in new HIE models, including ones from i) different intestinal segments of single donors, ii) human embryonic stem cell-derived organoids transplanted into mice, iii) genetically-modified lines, and iv) a patient with chronic variable immunodeficiency disease. HIEs from small intestine, but not colon, support HuNoV replication with donor, segment and strain-specific variations. Unexpectedly, HIEs from one donor are resistant to GII.3 infection. The genetically-modified J4FUT2-KIHIEs enable cultivation of a broad range of GI and GII genotypes. New insights into strain-specific differences in HuNoV replication in HIEs support this platform for advancing understanding of HuNoV biology and developing potential therapeutics.
A proposal for the quantum mechanical study of genomic mutations driven by environmental stressors
Authors: Mejía-Díaz Héctor , Santiago-Alarcon Diego , Venegas-Andraca Salvador E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe propose a novel quantum statistical method to characterize DNA point mutations under the influence of UVC radiation, salinity, and temperature. We consider an open quantum system composed of an external environment — high-energy photons — coupled to the DNA molecule, and using energy considerations we estimate free parameters in a many-body Hamiltonian, to characterize critical behaviour in the system. The model presented here offers the advantage that one does not explicitly need to know each detail of the interaction between the base-pairs and the environment, by knowing whether the effect is to associate or dissociate the DNA molecule, one can incorporate it into the model.We show that by fine-tuning the free parameters, the model gives results that are within a biologically realistic range in the energetic scale. Importantly, specific heat values show that by coupling DNA to an external bath, the system dynamics leads to larger fluctuations at slightly lower temperatures. Following this research strategy, one could use experimental data to extract a correlation between specific heat and DNA changes, which would provide insight to predicting evolutionary changes.
TGF-β Signaling in Cranial Neural Crest Affects Late-Stage Mandibular Bone Resorption and Length
Authors: Houchen Claire J. , Ghanem Saif , Kaartinen Vesa , Bumann Erin Ealba 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMalocclusions are common craniofacial malformations which cause quality of life and health problems if left untreated. Unfortunately, the current treatment for severe skeletal malocclusion is invasive surgery. Developing improved therapeutic options requires a deeper understanding of the cellular mechanisms responsible for determining jaw bone length. We have recently shown that neural crest mesenchyme (NCM) can alter jaw length by controlling recruitment and function of mesoderm-derived osteoclasts. Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling is critical to craniofacial development by directing bone resorption and formation, and heterozygous mutations in TGF-β type I receptor (TGFBR1)are associated with micrognathia in humans. To identify what role TGF-β signaling in NCM plays in controlling osteoclasts during mandibular development, mandibles of mouse embryos deficient in the gene encodingTgfbr1specifically in NCM were analyzed. Our lab and others have demonstrated thatTgfbr1fl/fl;Wnt1-Cremice display significantly shorter mandibles with no condylar, coronoid, or angular processes. We hypothesize that TGF-β signaling in NCM can also direct later bone remodeling and further regulate late embryonic jaw bone length. Interestingly, analysis of mandibular bone through micro-computed tomography and Masson’s trichrome revealed no significant difference in bone quality between theTgfbr1fl/fl;Wnt1-Cremice and controls, as measured by bone perimeter/bone area, trabecular rod-like diameter, number and separation, and gene expression of Collagen type 1 alpha 1 (Col1α1) and Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (Mmp13). Though there was not a difference in localization of bone resorption within the mandible indicated by TRAP staining,Tgfbr1fl/fl;Wnt1-Cremice had approximately three-fold less osteoclast number and perimeter than controls. Gene expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-β (Rank) andMmp9, markers of osteoclasts and their activity, also showed a three-fold decrease inTgfbr1fl/fl;Wnt1-Cremandibles. Evaluation of osteoblast-to-osteoclast signaling revealed no significant difference betweenTgfbr1fl/fl;Wnt1-Cremandibles and controls, leaving the specific mechanism unresolved. Finally, pharmacological inhibition ofTgfbr1signaling during the initiation of bone mineralization and resorption significantly shortened jaw length in embryos. We conclude that TGF-β signaling in NCM decreases mesoderm-derived osteoclast number, that TGF-β signaling in NCM impacts jaw length late in development, and that this osteoblast-to-osteoclast communication may be occurring through an undescribed mechanism.
Dorsal striatum involvement in response conflict management – a lesion study in rats
Authors: Poitreau Julien , Burle Boris , Sargolini Francesca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAction control allows to respond to relevant stimuli while ignoring the non-relevant stimuli in the surrounding environment. In humans this process is generally studied in conflict tasks, such as the Simon task, in which participants respond with a left or right button press to the non-spatial relevant feature (e.g. the color) of a lateralized stimulus, while ignoring the stimulus position. In this study we used a visual version of the Simon task that we have previsously developed in rats to investigate the involvement of the dorsal striatum, a brain area that is central in action control processes. We tested the effect of excitotoxic lesions of the dorsomedial (DMS) and dorsolateral (DLS) areas in learning to control response interference. We showed that both DMS and DLS lesions negatively impacted rat performances, and this effect strongly depends on task practice. These results suggest an involvement of both areas in learning to manage response conflict.
Review of how the generalized regression estimators contribute to estimating the financial and economic data with missing observations under unequal probability sampling
Authors: Lawson Nuanpan 
Published: May 2024

PurposeKnowing financial and economic information beforehand benefits in planning and developing policies for every country especially for a developing country like Thailand and for other Asian countries. Unfortunately, missing data or non-response plays an essential role in many areas of studies including finance and economics. Eradication of missing data in a proper way before further analysis can gain remarkable outcomes and can be effective for planning policies. This review on the generalized regression estimators for population total can be applied to financial, economic and other data when missing data are present.Design/methodology/approachThe generalized regression estimators for estimating population total, including the variance estimators under unequal probability sampling without replacement with missing data are explored under the reverse framework. Applications to financial and economic data in Thailand are also reviewed.FindingsThe review of literatures related to the proposed estimator shows the best performance, giving smaller variances in all scenarios.Originality/valueThe generalized regression estimators can assist in estimating financial and economic data that contain missing values with different missing mechanisms and can be used in other applications which help gain more superior estimators.
Developing professional capital through technology-enabled university-school-enterprise collaboration: an innovative model for C-STEAM preservice teacher education in the Greater Bay area
Authors: Lyu Siyuan , Niu Shijing , Yuan Jing , Zhan Zehui 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Preservice teacher (PST) professional development programs are crucial for cultivating high-quality STEAM teachers of the future, significantly impacting the quality of regional STEAM education. The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, as a region of cross-border cooperation, integrates the resources and advantages of Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, possessing rich cultural heritage and innovative capabilities. Transdisciplinary Education for Cultural Inheritance (C-STEAM) is an effective approach to promoting educational collaboration within the Greater Bay Area, facilitating the integration of both technological and humanities education. This study aims to develop a Technology-Enabled University-School-Enterprise (T-USE) collaborative education model and implement it in the Greater Bay Area, to explore its role as a support mechanism in professional development and its impact on C-STEAM PSTs' professional capital.

Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a qualitative methodology, the study interviewed PSTs who participated in a C-STEAM teacher education course under the T-USE model. Thematic coding is used to analyze their knowledge acquisition, interaction benefits with community members, and autonomous thinking and decision-making in theoretical learning and teaching practice.

Findings
The findings show that the T-USE model significantly enhanced the PSTs' human capital, including teaching beliefs, knowledge, and skills. In terms of social capital, PSTs benefited from collaboration with PST groups, university teaching teams, in-service teachers, and enterprises, though challenges such as varying levels of expertise among in-service teachers and occasional technical instability emerged. For decisional capital, the T-USE model provided opportunities for autonomous thinking and promoted teaching judgment skills through real teaching challenges and scenarios. Reflective practice activities also supported PSTs' professional growth.

Originality/value
This study reveals the effectiveness and internal mechanism of the T-USE model in C-STEAM PST training, offering significant theoretical and practical references for future PST education.
Analysing inhibitors to BIM implementation: a social network theoretical perspective
Authors: Malla Vijayeta , K.V. Prasad , Delhi Venkata Santosh Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Building information modelling (BIM) implementation in the design, construction and operations (DCO) industry is increasingly becoming essential. While BIM has been adopted on a larger scale in many developed economies, its acceptance is still in the embryonic phases for developing nations in the DCO industry. This study aims to identify the inhibitors to BIM implementation through the social network theoretical lens, intending to understand the associations among the barriers in the Indian context. Subsequently, recommend strategies to mitigate the barriers from the academic practitioner’s perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed methods research was adopted, commencing with comprehensive literature reviews to recognise various inhibitors to BIM implementation. These identified barriers were further examined through the questionnaire survey (n = 71). BIM implementation barrier network (BIBN) was created using University of California at Irvine Network (UCINET) is a powerful social network analysis software that functions on the principle of social network theory. The experts’ opinions were captured through the BIBN network through interviews. Network properties such as eigen vector centrality, betweenness centrality, degree centrality, in-degree and out-degree and clustering coefficient were computed, and the metrics were analysed further.

Findings
Twenty-six BIM implementation barriers were initially identified. A questionnaire survey was conducted. The chain reaction can be minimised by prioritising and regulating these barriers. The issues were categorised into fourfold clusters (standardisation, policy and process, cultural and human resources, change management and operational) issues were generated from the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The obstacles and barriers resulting from the other main barriers associated with it can be minimised by reducing the challenges with high eigenvector centrality but low betweenness importance.

Practical implications
This study proves to accelerate sustainable BIM implementation growth in developing nations; this research study assists BIM stakeholders in developing coping mechanisms to monitor and remove BIM implementation barriers.

Originality/value
Analysing the associativity of the BIM implementation barriers through sociograms for developing nations is a novel concept with this research.
Role of multinational buyers in ensuring worker voice through social dialogue: an exploratory study of the export oriented garment industry
Authors: Faroque Anisur R. , Hoque Imranul , Gani Mohammad Osman 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore how multinational lead buyers can play an active role in ensuring worker voices in garment supplier factories where workers have limited space to raise their voices, and how buyers’ involvement increases the possibilities of worker voices mitigating barriers to social dialogues and enhancing mutual interests of buyers and workers in garment factories.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a qualitative research approach and multiple embedded case study method, this study considered buyer−supplier dyads as the unit of analysis, i.e. two multinational lead buyers and their four corresponding suppliers in the garment industry of Bangladesh. Focus group discussion and key informant in-depth interviews were techniques applied to collect factory-level data, and within and cross-case analysis techniques were applied to develop an overall understanding.

Findings
The results of this study reveal that the opportunities for workers to voice their concerns through social dialogue in garment supplier factories are limited due to various obstacles. Similarly, the role of multinational lead buyers in addressing these issues is found to be less than ideal. This study also shows that buyers can take short-term and long-term initiatives to ensure social dialogues. Moreover, this study presents how social dialogues can meet the expectations of multinational buyers and their garment suppliers.

Research limitations/implications
While this study focuses exclusively on the garment industry, similar scenarios also exist across a multitude of other industries. Thus, future research could extend this study’s scope to various sectors, providing a more comprehensive understanding of the general state of worker voices in Bangladesh. This study stands to make significant contributions to literature in the fields of global value chains, human relations and international business. It will pose critical perspectives on how upstream value chain suppliers can fortify worker rights through social dialogue, and elucidate the means and motives for lead buyers to play a more active role in this endeavour.

Originality/value
This study is distinct in its approach, integrating buyer−supplier roles to pave the way for enhanced worker voice opportunities through social dialogue in garment supplier factories.
Gendered choices of labour market integration programmes: evidence from the United States
Authors: Morlet Guillaume , Caves Katherine 
Published: May 2024

PurposeWe investigate whether women are more likely than men to choose to pursue a competency-based labour market integration programme, rather than the time-based labour market integration programme. We further investigate whether women with existing but uncertified skills are even more likely to pursue a competency-based labour market integration programme.Design/methodology/approachWe test our hypotheses using ordinary least squares applied to linear probability models. We discuss the relative advantages of this methodology. We show the robustness of our results through multiple specifications and estimation methods. Finally, we discuss the reasons preventing us from granting our results a causal interpretation and discuss how they are surmountable in future research.FindingsWomen are significantly more likely to enrol into competency-based programmes, relative to time-based. Women with existing but uncertified skills are significantly more likely to enrol into competency-based programmes, whereas women without skills or with college degrees are not significantly different from the baseline. Our findings are robust to various specifications, and we include a comprehensive set of fixed-effect vectors, addressing industrial, occupational and time-varying state specificities.Research limitations/implicationsFirst, our empirical test of hypothesis H2 is hindered by the construction of the “some college or associate’s degree” variable in RAPIDS data. “Some college” is very different from an associate’s degree. Second we had to choose between omitted variable bias and selection bias. Because of the demonstrated importance of the occupation and industry variables in existing literature, we included those variables at the risk of selection bias. Occupation and industry fixed effects reduce, but do not eliminate, omitted variable bias. Finally, the third limitation of this paper is external validity. Registered Apprenticeship programmes are quite idiosyncratic to the United States.Social implicationsThe rollout and expansion of CBRA may thus be an avenue through policymakers may reduce the gender training gap. This may in turn give more women access to the labour market and allow more women to benefit from the “wage premia” of Registered Apprenticeship completion on the labour market (Lou and Hawley, 2019).Originality/valueThis article is the first that applies econometric methods to investigate women’s choices of labour market integration programmes, using Registered Apprenticeship as a case study. We discuss the implications of our findings, highlighting how competency-based programmes may be an approach to better serving more diverse populations in Registered Apprenticeship.