bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Material properties of a maxillofacial chlorinated polyethylene elastomer stored in simulated skin secretions
Authors: Eleni Panagiota N. , Krokida Magdalini K. , Polyzois Gregory L. , Gettleman Lawrence 
Published: July 2009

AbstractStatement of Problem: Facial prostheses deteriorate in a service environment primary due to exposition to various environmental factors, including sebaceous oils (sebum) and perspiration. Purpose: This study investigated the physical properties of an experimental, facial prosthetic after immersion for 6 months in simulated sebum, and perspiration at 37°C. Material and Methods: Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) specimens were immersed in simulated perspiration as well as in sebum. Compression tests were conducted on a Zwick testing machine. Shore A hardness measurements were carried out in a CV digital Shore A durometer. Melting and glass transition temperatures were evaluated with a differential scanning calorimeter. Weight changes were measured and color changes were determined in the CIE LAB system using a MiniScan XE spectrophotometer. Simple mathematical models were developed to correlate the measured properties with immersion time. The data were also subjected to analyses of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey multiple range tests at a level of α = 0.05. Results: Specimens immersed in perspiration became harder due to facilitation of the propagation of cross‐linking reaction that probably occurred during aging of the CPE samples. Some weight increase was observed for the specimens immersed into the aqueous solutions, whereas for those immersed in sebum, weight loss was recorded, probably because of extraction of some compounds. The color change was higher for the specimens immersed in sebum than that corresponding to simulated perspiration. Conclusions: The chlorinated polyethylene specimens aged for a period, which simulates 1.5 years of clinical service1, showed significant deformations in their physical properties. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009
Stem cell antigen‐1+ cell‐based bone morphogenetic protein‐4 gene transfer strategy in mice failed to promote endosteal bone formation
Authors: Hall Susan L. , Chen Shin‐Tai , Gysin Reinhard , Gridley Daila S. , Mohan Subburaman , Lau K.‐H. William 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundThis study assessed whether a Sca‐1+ cell‐based ex vivo gene transfer strategy, which has been shown to promote robust endosteal bone formation with a modified fibroblast growth factor‐2 (FGF2) gene, can be extended to use with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)2/4 hybrid gene.MethodsSublethally irradiated recipient mice were transplanted with lentiviral (LV)‐BMP2/4‐transduced Sca‐1+ cells. Bone parameters were monitored by pQCT and µCT. Gene expression was assessed by the real‐time reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction.ResultsRecipient mice of LV‐BMP2/4‐transduced Sca‐1+ cells yielded high engraftment and increased BMP4 mRNA levels in marrow cells; but exhibited only insignificant increases in serum and bone alkaline phosphatase activity compared to control mice. pQCT and µCT analyses of femurs showed that, with the exception of small changes in trabecular bone mineral density and cortical bone mineral content in LV‐BMP2/4 mice, there were no differences in measured bone parameters between mice of the LV‐BMP2/4 group and controls. The lack of large endosteal bone formation effects with the BMP4 strategy could not be attributed to ineffective engraftment or expansion of BMP4‐expressing Sca‐1+ cells, an inability of the transduced cells to secrete active BMP4 proteins, or to use of the LV‐based vector.ConclusionsSca‐1+ cell‐based BMP4 ex vivo strategy did not promote robust endosteal bone formation, raising the possibility of intrinsic differences between FGF2‐ and BMP4‐based strategies in their ability to promote endosteal bone formation. It emphasizes the importance of choosing an appropriate bone growth factor gene for delivery by this Sca‐1+ cell‐based ex vivo systemic gene transfer strategy to promote bone formation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strategies for risks presented by obese patients in the ED
Authors: Abke Ann 
Published: July 2009

AbstractRegardless of whether bariatric services or surgeries are offered at a health care facility, it is important to evaluate every emergency department's capability to appropriately assess, monitor and treat extremely obese patients. As the general population is growing in numbers as well as weight, having the appropriate equipment as well as understanding the special needs of the bariatric, or extremely obese, patient will go along way to avoiding unnecessary frustrations and possibly jeopardizing patient care. This article will assist in identifying possible risks in an ED for patients and suggest strategies for facing these risks.
New standards to improve catheter stabilization and patient and worker safety
Authors: Schears Gregory 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe 2006 version of the Infusion Nursing Society (INS) Standards of Practice contains important changes to the society's recommendations for catheter stabilization. Some previously recommended stabilization methods are no longer endorsed, and one method ‐ manufactured catheter stabilization devices ‐ has emerged as the preferred method over all others. The literature cited in the document suggests that implementation of the revised standards should be an effective risk management strategy where catheter stabilization is concerned.
Including patients in root cause and system failure analysis: Legal and psychological implications
Authors: Zimmerman Theresa M. , Amori Geraldine 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe act of open disclosure of an adverse event alone may not be enough for patients or their families. Patients and patient advocates are asking for increased transparency and a greater role in the process of change. When properly handled, involving patients in post‐event analysis allows risk management professionals to further improve their organization's systems analysis process while empowering patients to be part of the solution. This article examines the legal and psychological considerations surrounding the involvement of patients in system failure analysis and provides tools for selecting patients who are able to benefit from this process and for adequately preparing patients and caregivers for what lies ahead.
Partnering with technology to reduce OB losses
Authors: Smith Larry L. , Berry Dorothy 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFollowing a catastrophic birth injury that occurred as a result of deviations from the expected standards of care, the OB Risk Reduction Task Force of a healthcare network identified criteria to transform care at the bedside from theory to practice: 1) protocol‐driven, real‐time alerts to help healthcare providers meet clinical guidelines; and 2) the ability to produce reliable data to monitor and measure adherence to accepted standards of care. The group selected a technological solution to achieve that end. This case study illustrates how a strong partnership model between healthcare and technology solution providers can achieve much when both parties are focused on the same goals of performance improvement and active risk reduction.
Viewing the candidates as risk managers
Authors: Borg Douglas J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAfter one of the most chaotic political primary seasons that we've seen in many years, election season began early this time around. It promises to be one of the most entertaining in decades as we head towards the respective national conventions in late summer. The candidates are touting “change” as one of the central themes for their campaigns, but I must say that a more appropriate word might be “choice.” I doubt that there has ever been a more diverse field of candidates.
Life: Coming to grips with the balancing act
Authors: Borg Douglas J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAt the Annual Conference & Exhibition this fall in Boston, I met a young man who took the time to tell me that he had enjoyed my last President's Message. He appreciated what I had to say about the importance of relationships, and he suggested that I write about work/life balance. He had a young family, and he seemed to be struggling with the competing priorities of work and home.
Torts to contract¿ moving from informed consent to shared decision‐making
Authors: Monico Edward P. , Calise Arthur , Calabro Joseph 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMany claims of medical malpractice arise from a breakdown in communication between physician and patient. As a result, medical decision‐making may change from an informed consent model to a shared decision‐making strategy. Shared decision‐making, a contract derivative, will trigger contract obligations and change the face of medical malpractice from tort to contract.
Implications of the inpatient prospective payment system final rules
Authors: Carroll Roberta 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article was prepared in response to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) publication of the Inpatient Prospective Payment System (IPPS) Final Rules for FY 2008 and 2009 which placed additional requirements on hospitals for certain hospital‐acquired conditions. This article addresses these rulings and the implications for healthcare facilities, including strategies for dealing with challenges created by the rulings.
Assessment of macrophage infiltration in a Murine model of abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Turner Gregory H. , Olzinski Alan R. , Bernard Roberta E. , Aravindhan Karpagam , Boyle Ryan J. , Newman Matt J. , Gardner Scott D. , Willette Robert N. , Gough Peter J. , Jucker Beat M. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the use of an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) contrast agent as a marker for the detection of macrophage in a preclinical abdominal aortic aneurysm animal (AAA) model.Materials and MethodsOsmotic pumps were implanted subcutaneously in apoE−/− mice for continuous infusion of Angiotensin II (Ang‐II). Weekly bright‐blood gradient echo scans were performed on the suprarenal abdominal aorta to evaluate aneurysm development. Once an AAA was detected, animals were administered 1000 μmol/kg of the USPIO contrast agent ferumoxtran‐10 (Combidex®) followed by in vivo scanning 24 h post‐USPIO administration. After in vivo imaging, aortas were harvested for ex vivo imaging, histology, iron quantification, and gene expression analysis.ResultsReduced signal intensity was evident in the post‐USPIO transverse images of the abdominal aorta. The areas of reduced signal were primarily along the aneurysm shoulder and outer perianeurysm areas and corresponded to regions of macrophage infiltration and colocalized USPIO determination by means of histological staining. The absolute iron content measured significantly correlated to the area of signal reduction in the ex vivo images (r = 0.9; P < 0.01). In the AAA tissue, the macrophage‐driven cytokine gene expression was up‐regulated along with a matrix metalloproteinase known to mediate extracellular matrix breakdown in this disease model.ConclusionThese results demonstrate the feasibility of using an USPIO contrast agent as a surrogate for detecting the acute inflammatory process involved in the development of abdominal aneurysms. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:455–460. Published by Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myocardial T2 quantitation in patients with iron overload at 3 Tesla
Authors: Guo Hua , Au Wing‐Yan , Cheung Jerry S. , Kim Daniel , Jensen Jens H. , Khong Pek‐Lan , Chan Queenie , Chan Kevin C. , Tosti Christina , Tang Haiying , Brown Truman R. , Lam Wynnie W.M. , Ha Shau‐Yin , Brittenham Gary M. , Wu Ed X. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the feasibility of measuring myocardial T2 at 3 Tesla for assessment of tissue iron in thalassemia major and other iron overloaded patients.Materials and MethodsA single‐breathhold electrocardiogram‐triggered black‐blood multi‐echo spin‐echo (MESE) sequence with a turbo factor of 2 was implemented at 3 Tesla (T). Myocardial and liver T2 values were measured with three repeated breathholds in 8 normal subjects and 24 patients. Their values, together with the T2* values measured using a breathhold multi‐echo gradient‐echo sequence, were compared with those at 1.5T in the same patients.ResultsAt 3T, myocardial T2 was found to be 39.6 ± 7.4 ms in normal subjects. In patients, it ranged from 12.9 to 50.1 ms. T2 and T2* were observed to correlate in heart (ρ = 0.93, ρ < 0.0001) and liver (P = 0.95, P < 0.0001). Myocardial T2 and T2* at 3T were also highly correlated with the 1.5T measurements. Preliminary results indicated that myocardial T2 quantitation was relatively insensitive to B1 variation, and reproducible with 3.2% intra‐exam and 3.8% inter‐exam variations.ConclusionMyocardial T2 quantitation is feasible at 3T. Given the substantially decreased T2* and increased B0 inhomogeneity, the rapid myocardial T2 measurement protocol demonstrated here may present a robust alternative to study cardiac iron overload at 3T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:394–400. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance (MR) differential diagnosis of breast tumors using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on 1.5‐T
Authors: Tsushima Yoshito , Takahashi‐Taketomi Ayako , Endo Keigo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTo review the published reports concerning the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value evaluation for the differentiation between malignant and benign breast tumors, articles were searched with the inclusion criteria: (a) a 1.5‐T unit was used; (b) the diagnostic criteria were clearly stated; (c) diffusion‐weighted images (DWIs) were obtained, and ADC value was calculated; (d) ADC values of breast tumors were reported with mean ± standard deviation (SD). Meta‐analysis from 12 articles revealed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85–0.91) and 0.77 (95% CI, 0.69–0.84), respectively, and that only the maximum b factor correlated with the mean ADC values of malignant and benign tumors, and the noncancerous breast tissue (P< 0.05,P < 0.01,P< 0.05, respectively). In conclusion, ADC evaluation is useful for the differentiation between malignant and benign breast tumors. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:249–255. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Usefulness of the application of the BLADE technique to reduce motion artifacts on navigation‐triggered prospective acquisition correction (PACE) T2‐weighted MRI (T2WI) of the liver
Authors: Nanko Sumire , Oshima Hidekazu , Watanabe Takeshi , Sasaki Shigeru , Hara Masaki , Shibamoto Yuta 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effects of the application of the BLADE (Siemens, Siemens Medical Systems, Erlangen, Germany) technique, a technique to reduce motion artifacts, on navigator‐triggered prospective acquisition correction (PACE) T2‐weighted MRI (T2WI) of the liver.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐three consecutive patients with a total of 57 localized hepatic diseases (39 malignant, 18 benign) and 57 patients without hepatic lesion underwent MR study during eupnea. The images were assessed quantitatively by calculating the liver–lesion contrast. Two subjective analyses were also performed. Two observers independently assessed the image quality and the confidence level of the detection and characterization of hepatic nodules using a five‐point scale. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon matched‐pairs test except for the diagnostic performance evaluated with jackknife alternative free‐response receiver operating characteristic (JAFROC) analysis.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean liver–lesion contrast between the PACE T2WI with BLADE (T2WI‐BLADE) (mean ± SD = 0.29 ± 0.14) and that without BLADE (0.30 ± 0.14) (P = 0.39). Visual assessment of PACE T2WI‐BLADE (4.8 ± 0.47) was superior to that without BLADE (4.3 ± 0.8) (P < 0.0001), although there were no significant differences in detecting and characterizing hepatic lesions using JAFROC analysis.ConclusionThe BLADE technique could improve image quality by reducing motion artifacts on hepatic MRI without affecting the diagnostic performance. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:321–326. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the spinal cord during sensory stimulation in diabetic rats
Authors: Malisza Krisztina L. , Jones Cheryl , Gruwel Marco L.H. , Foreman Derek , Fernyhough Paul , Calcutt Nigel A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo determine if differences exist between control and diabetic rats in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activity of the spinal cord and if fMRI can provide a means of early detection of diabetic neuropathy.Materials and MethodsfMRI of the spinal cord, using noxious electrical stimulation (15 V (∼8 mA), 0.3 msec, 3 Hz) of the hind paw, was performed in groups of control and streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced type 1 diabetic rats.ResultsDiabetic rats were lighter, hyperglycemic, and had lower blood pH than controls. fMRI activity at the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord was identified in the dorsal horn ipsilateral to stimulus of all animals. Signal intensity changes across the lumbar spinal cord during periods of activity were not significantly different between control and diabetic rats, with a trend toward greater signal changes in controls. When specific regions of the spinal cord were analyzed, control rats exhibited significantly increased blood–oxygen level‐dependent (BOLD) fMRI activity in both ipsilateral and contralateral dorsal horn compared to diabetic rats.ConclusionThe results of this study are consistent with reports that primary afferent input to the spinal cord is diminished by diabetes, and suggest that BOLD fMRI may be useful in early detection of diabetic neuropathy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:271–276. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance angiography findings of penile Mondor's disease
Authors: Boscolo‐Berto Rafael , Iafrate Massimo , Casarrubea Giuseppe , Ficarra Vincenzo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA 53‐year‐old male was admitted to our Emergency Department affected by a contemporary high‐flow priapism and induration on the dorsal penile surface, in consequence of a prior transrectal prostate biopsy performed 2 weeks earlier on the basis of a suspicion of prostate cancer. We describe a penile Mondor's disease (penile superficial dorsal vein thrombosis) of uncertain pathogenesis involving the penile superficial vein, and employing a careful diagnostic pathway by using magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). In the literature many reports described pulsed‐ and color‐Doppler ultrasonography classical findings about penile Mondor's disease. For the first time we report the pathognomonic features of penile Mondor's disease on MRA, which may be considered a useful and comprehensive tool to deepen the analysis only in the case of a complex clinical picture such as the one presented. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:407–410. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pineal volume and circadian melatonin profile in healthy volunteers: An interdisciplinary approach
Authors: Nölte Ingo , Lütkhoff Ann‐Theres , Stuck Boris A. , Lemmer Björn , Schredl Michael , Findeisen Peter , Groden Christoph 
Published: July 2009

AbstractPurposeTo correlate pineal parenchyma volume (PP) to circadian melatonin profiles and to determine the 24‐hour melatonin per volume of pineal tissue (MLPV). Furthermore, we compared melatonin profiles of cystic and solid glands.MethodsIn 15 healthy male subjects (20–27 years) the PP was determined using high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging (trueFISP, isotropic voxel: 0.8 mm3). Melatonin plasma concentrations (MC) were determined every 2 hours for 24 hours.ResultsMean PP was 125 ± 54 mm3. PP correlated linearly to maximum MC and to 24‐hour melatonin (r = 0.61 and r = 0.64, P < 0.05) but not to minimum MC. The 24‐hour melatonin was 653 ± 242.6 pg/mL, MLPV was 5.8 ± 2.3 pg/mL*ml−1. Nine pineal glands were solid and six were cystic. PP of solid glands showed higher linear correlations to maximum melatonin, to 24‐hour melatonin, and to the slope of the melatonin increase of the curve (P < 0.05).ConclusionPP correlates linearly to melatonin plasma concentrations in humans. MLPV displays similar interindividual differences as 24‐hour melatonin. PP of solid glands show better correlation to melatonin profiles than cystic. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phase behaviour of microemulsions with lubricant base oil as the oil phase
Authors: Lu Ya , Guo Ting 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAppropriate surfactants and co‐surfactants were chosen to prepare a microemulsion system with lubricant base oil as the oil phase. The phase behaviour of the microemulsion at different temperatures and at different oil/water mass ratios was assessed on the basis of conductivity measurements. Microemulsions and a bi‐continuous microstructure were obtained when the oil/water mass ratio was below 0.33. An analysis of the conductivity behaviour of the microemulsions revealed that different conductive mechanisms are operative at different water contents. Activation energies (ΔE) were determined. The results showed that ΔE increases with increasing water content. The data and the derived relationship provided a basis for preparing metalworking microemulsions. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous ROMP and ATRP in Aqueous Dispersed Media: A Straightforward Strategy to Prepare Polymer Composite Particles with Original Morphologies
Authors: Airaud Cédric , Ibarboure Emmanuel , Gaillard Cédric , Héroguez Valérie 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSummary: The simultaneous ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene and atom‐transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate is used as a convenient tool to prepare polymer composite particles in a single step and using a single catalyst. The current article reviews the use of miniemulsion and microemulsion conditions to reach this goal. The two developed approaches are assessed on chemical and colloidal levels and the prepared composite particles are scrutinized from a morphological point of view.
Well‐Defined Poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) Nanoparticles via Miniemulsion Polymerization
Authors: Wu Man , Frochot Céline , Dellacherie Edith , Marie Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSummary:Despite the high reactivity of the monomer, nanoparticles with a hydrophobic core based on poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) and a hydrophilic shell based on poly(ethylene oxide) PEO were synthesized in one step by miniemulsion polymerization. Colloidal properties of the nanoparticles were controlled by the structure and the amount of amphiphilic polymer in the aqueous phase, while the molecular weight of core depended on pH of the continuous phase and the polymerization mechanism (anionic or radical). The evolution of the molecular weight of the synthesized poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) was followed as a function of time at pH 7.4 by size exclusion chromatography. As expected, the degradation kinetics depended on the polymerization mechanism. Finally, a model compound, pyrene, was encapsulated in the synthesized nanoparticles. Its release was found to depend on the conditions of nanoparticles synthesis, especially on the polymerization mechanism.