bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of Multiple Chronic Conditions to Universal Health Outcomes
Authors: Tinetti Mary E. , McAvay Gail J. , Chang Sandy S. , Newman Anne B. , Fitzpatrick Annette L. , Fried Terri R. , Peduzzi Peter N. 
Published: September 2011

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relative effect of five chronic conditions on four representative universal health outcomes.
DESIGN: Cross‐sectional.
SETTING: Cardiovascular Health Study.
PARTICIPANTS: Five thousand two hundred and ninety‐eight community‐living participants aged 65 and older.
MEASUREMENTS: Multiple regression and Cox models were used to determine the effect of heart failure (HF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), osteoarthritis, depression, and cognitive impairment on self‐rated health, 12 basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs and IADLs), six‐item symptom burden scale, and death.
RESULTS: Each condition adversely affected self‐rated health (P<.001) and ADLs and IADLs (P<.001). For example, persons with HF performed 0.70±0.08 fewer ADLs and IADLs than those without; persons with depression and persons with cognitive impairment performed 0.59±0.04 and 0.58±0.06 fewer activities, respectively, than those without these conditions. Depression, HF, COPD, and osteoarthritis were associated with 1.18±0.04, 0.40±0.08, 0.40±0.05, and 0.57±0.03 more symptoms, respectively, in individuals with these conditions than in those without. HF (hazard ratio (HR)=2.84, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.97–4.10), COPD (2.62, 95% CI=1.94–3.53), cognitive impairment (2.05, 95% CI=1.47–2.85), and depression (1.47, 95% CI=1.08–2.01) were each associated with death within 2 years. Several paired combinations of conditions had synergistic effects on ADLs and IADLs. For example, individuals with HF plus depression performed 2.0 fewer activities than persons with neither condition, versus the 1.3 fewer activities expected from adding the effects of the two conditions together.
CONCLUSION: Universal health outcomes may provide a common metric for measuring the effects of multiple conditions and their treatments. The varying effects of the conditions across universal outcomes could inform care priorities.
Effects of granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor on Monosomy 7 aneuploidy in healthy hematopoietic stem cell and granulocyte donors
Authors: Olnes Matthew J. , Poon Andrea , Miranda Susan J. , Pfannes Loretta , Tucker Zachary , Loeliger Kelsey , Padilla‐Nash Hesed , Yau Yu Ying , Ried Thomas , Leitman Susan F. , Young Neal S. , Sloand Elaine M. 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: Reports of Monosomy 7 in patients receiving granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) have raised concerns that this cytokine may promote genomic instability. However, there are no studies addressing whether repeated administration of G‐CSF produces Monosomy 7 aneuploidy in healthy donors.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We examined Chromosomes 7 and 8 by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) in CD34+ cells from 35 healthy hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) donors after G‐CSF administration for 5 days and by spectral karyotyping analysis (SKY) in four individuals to assess chromosomal integrity. We also studied 38 granulocyte donors who received up to 42 doses of G‐CSF and dexamethasone (Dex) using FISH for Chromosomes 7 and 8.RESULTS: We found no abnormalities in Chromosomes 7 and 8 in G‐CSF–mobilized CD34+ cells when assessed by FISH or SKY, nor did we detect aneuploidy in G‐CSF– and Dex‐treated donors.CONCLUSION: G‐CSF does not promote clinically detectable Monosomy 7 or Trisomy 8 aneuploidy in HSCT or granulocyte donors. These findings should be reassuring to healthy HSCT and granulocyte donors.
Evaluation of the automated collection and extended storage of apheresis platelets in additive solution
Authors: Johnson Lacey , Winter Kelly M. , Hartkopf‐Theis Tanja , Reid Samantha , Kwok Matthew , Marks Denese C. 
Published: September 2011

BACKGROUND: Collecting apheresis platelets (PLTs) into additive solution has many potential benefits. The new Trima software (Version 6.0, CaridianBCT) allows automated addition of PLT additive solution (PAS) after collection, compared to Trima Version 5.1, which only collects PLTs into plasma. The aim of this study was to compare PLT quality during extended storage, after collection with the different Trima systems.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Apheresis PLTs were collected using both Trima Accel apheresis systems. The test PLT units (n = 12) were collected using the new Trima Version 6.0 into PLT AS (PAS‐IIIM), while the control units (n = 8) were collected into autologous plasma using Trima Version 5.1. All units were stored for 9 days, and in vitro cell quality variables were evaluated during this time.RESULTS: PLTs collected in PAS‐IIIM maintained a stable pH between 7.2 and 7.4, whereas plasma‐stored apheresis units exhibited significantly increased acidity during storage, due to lactate accumulation and bicarbonate exhaustion. Plasma‐stored PLTs also demonstrated a more rapid consumption of glucose. However, there was little difference in PLT activation or cytokine secretion between PAS‐IIIM and control PLTs.CONCLUSION: These data indicate that apheresis PLT concentrates collected in PAS‐IIIM, using Trima Version 6.0 software, maintained acceptable PLT metabolic and cellular characteristics until Day 9 of storage.
Microvascular Dysfunction: A Potential Mechanism in the Pathogenesis of Obesity‐associated Insulin Resistance and Hypertension
Authors: DE BOER MICHIEL P. , MEIJER RICK I. , WIJNSTOK NIENKE J. , JONK AMY M. , HOUBEN ALPHONS J. , STEHOUWER COEN D. , SMULDERS YVO M. , ERINGA ETTO C. , SERNÉ ERIK H. 
Published: September 2011

Please cite this paper as: de Boer, Meijer, Wijnstok, Jonk, Houben, Stehouwer, Smulders, Eringa and Serné (2012). Microvascular Dysfunction: A Potential Mechanism in the Pathogenesis of Obesity‐associated Insulin Resistance and Hypertension. Microcirculation 19(1), 5–18.AbstractThe intertwined epidemics of obesity and related disorders such as hypertension, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and subsequent cardiovascular disease pose a major public health challenge. To meet this challenge, we must understand the interplay between adipose tissue and the vasculature. Microvascular dysfunction is important not only in the development of obesity‐related target‐organ damage but also in the development of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and insulin resistance. The present review examines the role of microvascular dysfunction as an explanation for the associations among obesity, hypertension, and impaired insulin‐mediated glucose disposal. We also discuss communicative pathways from adipose tissue to the microcirculation.
Intra‐Arterial Tenecteplase for Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke: Feasibility and Comparative Outcomes
Authors: Georgiadis Alexandros L. , Memon Muhammad Zeeshan , Shah Qaisar A. , Vazquez Gabriela , Tariq Nauman A. , Suri M. Fareed K. , Taylor Robert A. , Qureshi Adnan I. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETenecteplase (TNK) is a third‐generation thrombolytic agent. We evaluated the safety and feasibility of intra‐arterial (IA) administration of TNK in patients with acute ischemic stroke.METHODSPatients who received endovascular treatment for acute ischemic stroke were identified from prospectively collected databases at three university hospitals. We compared clinical and radiological outcomes of patients treated with TNK to those treated with other IA thrombolytics or mechanical thrombectomy alone. Primary outcome measures were favorable functional outcome at 30 days (modified Rankin Scale score of 0‐2), and rate of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). Early neurological improvement, angiographic recanalization, time to recanalization, and mortality at 30 days were additional outcome measures.RESULTSWe identified 114 patients (mean age 67 ± 15 years, 54 were women). Thirty‐three patients received IA TNK, 48 received alteplase (n = 11) or reteplase (n = 37), and 33 patients had mechanical thrombectomy alone. Stroke severity was similar among the three groups. No difference between the groups was found in the secondary outcome measures and ICH. Borderline statistical significance was seen toward favorable functional outcome at 1 month in the TNK‐treated patients [odds ratio (OR) = 2.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) .96‐8.1, P = .063 vs. other thrombolytics, and OR = 3.0, 95% CI .97‐9.5, P = .06 vs. mechanical thrombectomy alone].CONCLUSIONOur study demonstrates that administration of IA TNK in acute stroke is safe and results in rates of favorable outcomes that are comparable to those observed with currently used drugs. Additional studies are needed to further determine the safety and efficacy of IA TNK in acute stroke treatment.
Analysis of microdissected neurons by 18O mass spectrometry reveals altered protein expression in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hashimoto Masakazu , Bogdanovic Nenad , Nakagawa Hiroyuki , Volkmann Inga , Aoki Mikio , Winblad Bengt , Sakai Jun , Tjernberg Lars O. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIt is evident that the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are derived from severe neuronal damage, and especially pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus are affected pathologically. Here, we analysed the proteome of hippocampal neurons, isolated from post‐mortem brains by laser capture microdissection. By using 18O labelling and mass spectrometry, the relative expression levels of 150 proteins in AD and controls were estimated. Many of the identified proteins are involved in transcription and nucleotide binding, glycolysis, heat‐shock response, microtubule stabilization, axonal transport or inflammation. The proteins showing the most altered expression in AD were selected for immunohistochemical analysis. These analyses confirmed the altered expression levels, and showed in many AD cases a pathological pattern. For comparison, we also analysed hippocampal sections by Western blot. The expression levels found by this method showed poor correlation with the neuron‐specific analysis. Hence, we conclude that cell‐specific proteome analysis reveals differences in the proteome that cannot be detected by bulk analysis.
Cannabis use and age at onset of symptoms in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis
Authors: Dragt S. , Nieman D. H. , Schultze‐Lutter F. , van der Meer F. , Becker H. , de Haan L. , Dingemans P. M. , Birchwood M. , Patterson P. , Salokangas R. K. R. , Heinimaa M. , Heinz A. , Juckel G. , Graf von Reventlow H. , French P. , Stevens H. , Ruhrmann S. , Klosterkötter J. , Linszen D. H. ,   on behalf of the EPOS group
Published: September 2011

Dragt S, Nieman DH, Schultze‐Lutter F, van der Meer F, Becker H, de Haan L, Dingemans PM, Birchwood M, Patterson P, Salokangas RKR, Heinimaa M, Heinz A, Juckel G, Graf von Reventlow H, French P, Stevens H, Ruhrmann S, Klosterkötter J, Linszen DH, on behalf of the EPOS group. Cannabis use and age at onset of symptoms in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis.Objective:  Numerous studies have found a robust association between cannabis use and the onset of psychosis. Nevertheless, the relationship between cannabis use and the onset of early (or, in retrospect, prodromal) symptoms of psychosis remains unclear. The study focused on investigating the relationship between cannabis use and early and high‐risk symptoms in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis.Method:  Prospective multicenter, naturalistic field study with an 18‐month follow‐up period in 245 help‐seeking individuals clinically at high risk. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to assess their cannabis use. Age at onset of high risk or certain early symptoms was assessed retrospectively with the Interview for the Retrospective Assessment of the Onset of Schizophrenia.Results:  Younger age at onset of cannabis use or a cannabis use disorder was significantly related to younger age at onset of six symptoms (0.33 < rs < 0.83, 0.004 < P < 0.001). Onset of cannabis use preceded symptoms in most participants.Conclusion:  Our results provide support that cannabis use plays an important role in the development of psychosis in vulnerable individuals. Cannabis use in early adolescence should be discouraged.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology: a reliable tool in the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions
Authors: Singh Nanda Kanwar Deep , Mehta Anurag , Nanda Jasmine 
Published: September 2011

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 106–112Background:  Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is used as the main initial diagnostic investigation for lumps in the head and neck region. Major salivary glands and some minor salivary glands are easily accessible; therefore, they are optimal targets for FNAC. The aim of this study was to discuss the advantages and pitfalls of FNAC as compared to histopathology in the salivary gland lesions.Material and methods:  A total of 127 FNAC were carried out on salivary gland lesions from January 2006 to December 2010 – a 5‐year period. Histopathological follow‐up data were obtained in 56 cases. The study was conducted to examine the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of FNAC for salivary gland swellings in comparison with histopathology.Results:  The male‐to‐female ratio was 2.4:1. Parotid gland was involved in 51.1%, submandibular gland in 37%, sublingual gland in 4.7%, and minor salivary glands in 7% of patients. There were 55.9% cases of non‐neoplastic lesions and 44.1% cases of neoplastic lesions on biopsy. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of FNAC for malignant neoplastic lesions were 84.61%, 86.48%, 68.75%, and 94.11%, respectively, whereas for benign neoplastic lesions, they were 84.61%, 91.66%, 91.6%, and 85%, respectively.Conclusion:  Fine‐needle aspiration cytology is found to be a good sensitive and specific technique for the diagnosis of most of the salivary gland lesions. FNAC should be adopted as an initial investigation for all salivary gland swellings in conjunction with other investigations where appropriate.
The Effect of Major Depression on Sexual Function in Women
Authors: Fabre Louis F. , Smith Louis C. 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Eleven hundred eighty-four depressed women were entered into five short-term (8 weeks) studies of gepirone-extended release (ER) vs. placebo for treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) (134001, 134002, and 134017), or atypical depressive disorder (ADD) (134004 and 134006). The effect of depression on sexual function was examined prior to treatment.

Aim
To determine the effect of depression on the prevalence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) sexual dysfunction diagnoses and the Derogatis Inventory of Sexual Function (DISF) total score and domain scores and to measure the effect of severity of depression.

Main Outcome Measures
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17), DSM-IV diagnoses, and DISF total and domain scores.

Methods
DSM-IV diagnoses—hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), sexual aversion disorder (SAD), female arousal disorder (FAD), and female orgasmic disorder (FOD)—were made by a trained psychiatrist. The HAMD-17 measured antidepressant efficacy. The DISF or its self-report version measured sexual function. To access the effect of severity of depression, baseline HAMD-17 scores were stratified as mild (&lt;18), moderate (19–22), severe (23–25), or extreme (26–33). All measures were taken at baseline.

Results
In this depressed female population, prevalence rates were HSDD 17.7%, SAD 3.4%, FAD 5.8%, and FOD 7.7%. These rates for females are within the reported normal (nondepressed) values. However, DISF scores are one or more standard deviations below population norms for total score. DISF domains are not equally affected: orgasm is most impaired, while sexual desire and sexual arousal are somewhat preserved. Higher HAMD scores result in lower DISF scores (greater sexual dysfunction).

Conclusions
In women, depression affects DISF scores more than DSM-IV diagnoses for sexual dysfunction. With increasing severity of depression (increased HAMD scores), sexual dysfunction becomes greater (lower DISF scores). For equal HAMD scores, DISF scores for MDD and ADD are the same.
Helping young weight controllers develop healthy obsessions: preliminary test of the Healthy Obsession Model
Authors: Byrne S. , Kirschenbaum D. S. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryThe Healthy Obsession Model posits that successful weight controllers must develop a preoccupation with the planning and execution of target behaviours, including eating on programme, consistent activity and self‐monitoring. When barriers emerge, committed weight controllers are expected to feel distressed (e.g. anxious or frustrated), which should motivate them to reinstate these behaviours. This study investigated the effects on moods of sudden withdrawal of self‐monitoring among obese adolescents within an immersion treatment programme. Fifty‐five (55% female) adolescents participated in a weight loss camp and received four weekly cognitive‐behaviour therapy sessions focused on maximizing commitment to programme behaviours. During the fourth week, campers and staff completed daily mood ratings using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. After 3 d of ratings, campers' self‐monitoring journals were removed without warning for 1 d. As expected, journal removal resulted in decreased positive affect for the campers, according to staff ratings. Also in accord with hypotheses, campers who demonstrated heightened commitment to the programme based on higher levels of activity and more writing in their journals reacted more negatively to the withdrawal of the opportunity to self‐monitor. Mood ratings by campers did not show the effects hypothesized by the Healthy Obsession Model. These results provide preliminary support for the Healthy Obsession Model by showing some of the anticipated negative reactions to the removal of access to self‐monitoring, especially among those who demonstrated strong commitments to the process.
Computed Tomographic Findings in the Pituitary Gland and Brain of Horses with Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction
Authors: Pease A.P. , Schott H.C. , Howey E.B. , Patterson J.S. 
Published: September 2011

Background:Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is the most common endocrinologic disorder of aged horses.Hypothesis/Objectives:Pituitary glands of PPID‐affected horses are larger than those of aged horses without signs of PPID, and the size difference can be detected using computed tomography (CT) imaging.Animals:Eight horses with clinical signs of PPID and supportive endocrinologic test results and 3 aged control (PPID‐negative) horses.Methods:Computed tomography examination of the brain and pituitary gland was performed twice in 10 of the 11 horses, approximately 6 months apart. Six PPID‐affected horses were treated with pergolide for 6 months between CT scans. The second CT scan was followed by euthanasia and pathologic examination of 6 PPID‐affected horses (4 treated horses).Results:On initial examination, pituitary glands of PPID‐affected horses were larger in height (P < .01) and width (P < .01) than controls, but the difference in length was not significant (P = .06). After 6 months of pergolide treatment of PPID‐affected horses, pituitary gland length increased (P < .05), but height and width were not different from pretreatment values. There was no difference between pituitary gland measurements made at the terminal CT scans and necropsy. Furthermore, pituitary gland volume calculated from the measurements was highly correlated to pituitary gland weight. Additional CT findings were bilaterally symmetrical mineralization in the thalamus and cholesterol granulomas adjacent to the lateral and fourth ventricles.Conclusions and Clinical Importance:CT is a useful imaging modality to determine pituitary gland size of PPID‐affected horses,and CT measurements are similar to gross pathologic measurements.
Possible role of carpal hyperextension in superficial digital flexor tendinopathy
Authors: WHITLOCK D. , GARCIA T. C. , VALLANCE S. A. , STOVER S. M. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryReasons for performing study:The specific biomechanical circumstances that induce excessive superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) strain in horses are unknown.Hypothesis:Carpal joint hyperextension during axial limb loading during the middle of stance disproportionately enhances SDFT strains compared to suspensory ligament (SL) strains.Methods:Superficial digital flexor tendon and SL strains were measured in 7 cadaver limbs duringin vitroloading that maintained carpal extension or allowed carpal hyperextension by constraining, or allowing rotation of, the radius during loading conditions that simulated the middle of stance at the walk. The effect of carpal hyperextension on SDFT and SL strains and joint angles was assessed using repeated measures ANOVA.Results:Limb loading generally resulted in higher SL strains than SDFT strains for both carpal extension and hyperextension loading conditions. Compared to carpal extension, carpal hyperextension resulted in increased strains in both the SDFT and the SL; however, a greater increase in strain was seen in the SDFT. On average, carpal hyperextension caused approximately 3° greater carpal extension, 1° greater metacarpophalangeal joint hyperextension, 1° greater proximal interphalangeal joint flexion and <1° greater distal interphalangeal joint flexion than did carpal extension.Conclusions and clinical relevance:Carpal joint hyperextension is likely to induce disproportionately higher strain in the SDFT than in the SL. Factors that affect carpal stability are likely to affect the risk for superficial digital flexor tendinopathy.
Human Cytomegalovirus Infection Causes Degradation of Sp100 Proteins That Suppress Viral Gene Expression
Authors: Kim Young-Eui , Lee Jin-Hyoung , Kim Eui Tae , Shin Hye Jin , Gu Su Yeon , Seol Hyang Sook , Ling Paul D. , Lee Chan Hee , Ahn Jin-Hyun 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe interferon-inducible Sp100 proteins are thought to play roles in the chromatin pathway and in transcriptional regulation. Sp100A, the smallest isoform, is one of the major components of PML nuclear bodies (NBs) that exhibit intrinsic antiviral activity against several viruses. Since PML NBs are disrupted by the immediate-early 1 (IE1) protein during human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection, the modulation of Sp100 protein expression or activity during infection has been suggested. Here, we show that Sp100 proteins are lost largely in the late stages of HCMV infection. This event required viral gene expression and involved posttranscriptional control. The mutant virus with deletion of the sequence for IE1 (CR208) did not have Sp100 loss. In CR208 infection, PML depletion by RNA interference abrogated the accumulation of SUMO-modified Sp100A and of certain high-molecular-weight Sp100 isoforms but did not significantly affect unmodified Sp100A, suggesting that the IE1-induced disruption of PML NBs is not sufficient for the complete loss of Sp100 proteins. Sp100A loss was found to require proteasome activity. Depletion of all Sp100 proteins by RNA silencing enhanced HCMV replication and major IE (MIE) gene expression. Sp100 knockdown enhanced the acetylation level of histones associated with the MIE promoter, demonstrating that the repressive effect of Sp100 proteins may involve, at least in part, the epigenetic control of the MIE promoter. Sp100A was found to interact directly with IE1 through the N-terminal dimerization domain. These findings indicate that the IE1-dependent loss of Sp100 proteins during HCMV infection may represent an important requirement for efficient viral growth.