bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prediction model for prehospital clinical deterioration: The use of early warning scores
Authors: Bourke‐Matas Emma , Doan Tan , Bowles Kelly‐Ann , Bosley Emma 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundVarious prognosticative approaches to assist in recognizing clinical deterioration have been proposed. To date, early warning scores (EWSs) have been evaluated in hospital with limited research investigating their suitability in the prehospital setting. This study evaluated the predictive ability of established EWSs and other clinical factors for prehospital clinical deterioration.MethodsA retrospective cohort study investigating adult patients of all etiologies attended by Queensland Ambulance Service paramedics between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2020, was conducted. With logistic regression, several models were developed to predict adverse event outcomes. The National Early Warning Score (NEWS), Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS), Queensland Adult Deterioration Detection System (Q‐ADDS), and shock index were calculated from vital signs taken by paramedics.ResultsA total of 1,422,046 incidents met the inclusion criteria. NEWS, MEWS, and Q‐ADDS were found to have comparably high predictive ability with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC‐ROC) between 70% and 90%, whereas shock index had relatively low AUC‐ROC. Sensitivity was lower than specificity for all models. Although established EWSs performed well when predicting adverse events, these scores require complex calculations requiring multiple vital signs that may not be suitable for the prehospital setting.ConclusionsThis study found NEWS, MEWS, and Q‐ADDS all performed well in the prehospital setting. Although a simple shock index is easier for paramedics to use in the prehospital environment, it did not perform comparably to established EWSs. Further research is required to develop suitably performing parsimonious solutions until established EWSs are integrated into technological solutions to be used by prehospital clinicians in real time.
How does green entrepreneurial orientation improve enterprises' sustainable performance? Evidence from agricultural sector in China
Authors: Zhang Xiu‐e , Li Yijing , Teng Xinyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSustainable development of enterprises has attracted the attention of scholars and practitioners. Green entrepreneurship, as an important way to provide eco‐friendly products and solve environmental problems, is a key way for the sustainable development of enterprises. However, due to the disadvantage faced by enterprises in pursuing costly sustainable actions, existing research on whether green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) can bring about sustainable performance improvement has not yet reached a consensus, and the path and mechanism of transforming GEO into sustainable performance also need further exploration. Based on the Natural‐Resource‐Based View (NRBV), Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and Dynamic Capability View (DCV), this study examines the impact of GEO on sustainable performance, the mediating role and chain mediating role of entrepreneurial opportunity recognition (EOR), and business model innovation (BMI). The results based on 207 agricultural enterprises reveal that: (a) GEO positively influences economic performance, environmental performance, and social performance; (b) EOR and BMI play mediating roles in the above relationships; (c) GEO can also indirectly affects sustainable performance through the chain mediating effect of EOR and BMI. The research results provide a new theoretical perspective for understanding the key antecedents of sustainable performance of enterprises, further open the “black box” of the mechanism between GEO and sustainable performance, expand the NRBV, Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory and DCV, and provide practical implications for green transformation in the agricultural sector and promoting its sustainable development.
Examining the competing demands of business and sustainability: What do corporate sustainability discourses reveal?
Authors: Tapaninaho Riikka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCompany decision makers constantly face the competing demands of business and sustainability. Although chief executive officers (CEOs) are the main actors responsible for ensuring overall company performance and addressing multiple competing demands, few studies have explored their understanding of business and sustainability and how these understandings relate to tensions and tension handling. The present study uses a discursive approach to analyse CEO interview data and identifies three distinct discourses—instrumental, normative and transformative discourses—through which the CEOs construct corporate sustainability. These discourses occur simultaneously and result in different tensions and tension management strategies. By offering an approach for examining individual CEOs' corporate sustainability constructions alongside tension construction and management in their contexts, this study contributes to the literature on tensions in corporate sustainability. The simultaneous presence of contradictory yet intertwined discourses illustrates how CEOs respond to complexity related to corporate sustainability, including multiple strategic objectives, diverse stakeholder demands and associated tensions. The discourses also reveal how CEOs' language use fosters or hinders corporate sustainability actions and determines who and what is taken into consideration. The findings related to the CEOs' transformative discourse introduced in this paper demonstrate such constructions that have potential to address and transcend competing business and sustainability demands.
The role of organizational culture and structure in implementing sustainability initiatives
Authors: Jaganjac Berina , Hansen Kathrine Wallevik , Lunde Henriette , Hunnes John A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo address the multiple grand challenges facing humanity, there is an urgent need for businesses to become more sustainable. This study explores the implementation of sustainability initiatives through an interview‐based single case study of an organization in the food and beverage industry. Specifically, this study adopts a Natural‐Resource‐Based View of the firm to examine the role of organizational culture and structure in the implementation process. It argues that to successfully implement sustainability initiatives, a flexible structure and a green organizational culture grounded in a shared sustainability vision are essential. The findings reveal that, despite the in‐practice flat organizational structure of the case organization, there was limited knowledge of the organization's sustainability vision among organizational members across all organizational levels. This could be attributed to a lack of internal communication within the organization, which constitutes a barrier to the successful dissemination of green values throughout the organization's family‐like, inclusive, and diverse work environment. This study proposes a three‐part approach for practitioners attempting to implement sustainability initiatives: (1) enhance organizational awareness and communication of the sustainability vision; (2) cultivate a green organizational culture; and (3) advocate for a collaborative, inclusive and decentralized approach to fostering sustainability. This approach is vital not only for sustaining the organization's competitive advantage but also for achieving improved environmental and social outcomes.
Procyanidin B2 improves developmental capacity of bovine oocytes via promoting PPARγ/UCP1‐mediated uncoupling lipid catabolism during in vitro maturation
Authors: Luo Yuwen , Li Jun , Zheng Lv , Reyimjan Yizaitiguli , Ma Yan , Huang Shuaixiang , Liu Hongyu , Zhou Guizhen , Bai Jiachen , Zhu Yixiao , Sun Yidan , Zou Xinhua , Hou Yunpeng , Fu Xiangwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetabolic balance is essential for oocyte maturation and acquisition of developmental capacity. Suboptimal conditions of in vitro cultures would lead to lipid accumulation and finally result in disrupted oocyte metabolism. However, the effect and mechanism underlying lipid catabolism in oocyte development remain elusive currently. In the present study, we observed enhanced developmental capacity in Procyanidin B2 (PCB2) treated oocytes during in vitro maturation. Meanwhile, reduced oxidative stress and declined apoptosis were found in oocytes after PCB2 treatment. Further studies confirmed that oocytes treated with PCB2 preferred to lipids catabolism, leading to a notable decrease in lipid accumulation. Subsequent analyses revealed that mitochondrial uncoupling was involved in lipid catabolism, and suppression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) would abrogate the elevated lipid consumption mediated by PCB2. Notably, we identified peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) as a potential target of PCB2 by docking analysis. Subsequent mechanistic studies revealed that PCB2 improved oocyte development capacity and attenuated oxidative stress by activating PPARγ mediated mitochondrial uncoupling. Our findings identify that PCB2 intricately improves oocyte development capacity through targeted activation of the PPARγ/UCP1 pathway, fostering uncoupling lipid catabolism while concurrently mitigating oxidative stress.
Disseminated protothecosis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shakoei Safoura , Mohamadi Farid , Ghiasvand Fereshteh , Khosravi Ali Reza , Kamyab Kambiz , Salahshour Faeze 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHuman protothecosis is an uncommon infection caused by Prototheca spp that rarely infects humans.AimDescription of a rare disease and a review of its articles.Materials and MethodsWe reported a 24‐year‐old man who presented with red‐brown papules and plaques on the trunk's lateral side. We reviewed the literature about disseminated protothecosis and reported our experience with a patient with protothecosis between 2021 and 2023.ResultsOverall, 54 cases of disseminated protothecosis were evaluated, 39 were due to P. wickerhamii, 12 were due to P. zopfii (22.2%), and three were due to Prototheca spp. We found that males were more affected (37 cases, 68.5%) than females (16 cases, 29.6%). The mean age of patients was 39.53 ± 22.48 years. However, disseminated protothecosis can affect people of any age (1–80 years). In contrast to P. wickerhamii, which causes blood, skin, brain, and gastrointestinal tract infections, P. zopfii was mainly found in the blood (7/22) and did not have a significant difference in the mortality rate (P = 0.11).DiscussionDisseminated protothecosis is a rare disease in immunocompromised patients but is generally rarer in immunocompetent hosts. Several underlying disorders include immunocompromised patients, prolonged application of steroids, diabetes mellitus, malignancies, organ transplantation, AIDS, and surgeries. Amphotericin B has been the most effective agent for protothecosis and is reserved for visceral and disseminated infections. Regarding localized cutaneous types, excision or surgical debridement is used.ConclusionMulberry's appearance and appropriate cultural environments are helpful in diagnosing it.
Methodological artefacts cause counter‐intuitive evolutionary conclusions in a simulation study
Authors: von Schmalensee Loke , Ittonen Mats , Brødsgaard Shoshan Anna , Roberts Kevin T. , Siemers Isabelle , Süess Philip , Wiklund Christer , Gotthard Karl 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn their simulation study, Garcia‐Costoya et al. (2023) conclude that evolutionary constraints might aid populations facing climate change. However, we are concerned that this conclusion is largely a consequence of the simulated temperature variation being too small, and, most importantly, that uneven limitations to standing variation disadvantage unconstrained populations.
A comparative study of hypothalamic involvement in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and multiple sclerosis
Authors: Luo Wenjing , Zhong Xiaonan , Shen Shishi , Fang Ling , Huang Yiying , Wang Yuge , Qiu Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeWe aimed to characterize hypothalamic involvement in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody‐associated disease (MOGAD) and compare it with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).MethodsA retrospective study was performed to identify hypothalamic lesions in patients diagnosed with MOGAD, NMOSD, or MS from January 2013 to May 2020. The demographic, clinical, and radiological features were recorded. Hypothalamic dysfunction and prognosis were assessed through physical examination, biochemical testing, sleep monitoring, and magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsHypothalamic lesions were observed in seven of 96 patients (7.3%) with MOGAD, 34 of 536 (6.3%) with NMOSD, and 16 of 356 (4.5%) with MS (p = 0.407). The time from disease onset to development of hypothalamic lesions was shortest in MOGAD (12 months). The frequency of bilateral hypothalamic lesions was the lowest in MOGAD (p = 0.008). The rate of hypothalamic dysfunction in MOGAD was 28.6%, which was lower than that in NMOSD (70.6%) but greater than that in MS patients (18.8%; p = 0.095 and p = 0.349, respectively). Hypothalamic dysfunction in MOGAD manifests as hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysfunction and hypersomnia. The proportion of complete regression of hypothalamic lesions in MOGAD (100%) was much greater than that in NMOSD (41.7%) and MS patients (18.2%; p = 0.007 and p = 0.001, respectively). An improvement in hypothalamic dysfunction was observed in all MOGAD patients after immunotherapy.ConclusionsMOGAD patients have a relatively high incidence of asymptomatic hypothalamic lesions. The overall prognosis of patients with hypothalamic involvement is good in MOGAD, as the lesions completely resolve, and dysfunction improves after immunotherapy.
Pixel walking along the boreal forest–Arctic tundra ecotone: Large scale ground‐truthing of satellite‐derived greenness (NDVI)
Authors: Wong Russell E. , Berner Logan T. , Sullivan Patrick F. , Potter Christopher S. , Dial Roman J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this Technical Advance, we describe a novel method to improve ecological interpretation of remotely sensed vegetation greenness measurements that involved sampling 24,395 Landsat pixels (30 m) across 639 km of Alaska's central Brooks Range. The method goes well beyond the spatial scale of traditional plot‐based sampling and thereby more thoroughly relates ground‐based observations to satellite measurements. Our example dataset illustrates that, along the boreal‐Arctic boundary, vegetation with the greatest Landsat Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is taller than 1 m, woody, and deciduous; whereas vegetation with lower NDVI tends to be shorter, evergreen, or non‐woody. The field methods and associated analyses advance efforts to inform satellite data with ground‐based vegetation observations using field samples collected at spatial scales that closely match the resolution of remotely sensed imagery.
Antibiotic effects on gut microbiota modulate diet‐induced metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis development in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Takano Shun , Kani Koudai , Kasai Kaichi , Igarashi Naoya , Kato Miyuna , Goto Kana , Matsuura Yudai , Ichimura‐Shimizu Mayuko , Watanabe Shiro , Tsuneyama Koichi , Furusawa Yukihiro , Nagai Yoshinori 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe potential involvement of the gut microbiota in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) pathogenesis has garnered increasing attention. In this study, we elucidated the link between high‐fat/cholesterol/cholate‐based (iHFC)#2 diet‐induced MASH progression and gut microbiota in C57BL/6 mice using antibiotic treatments. Treatment with vancomycin (VCM), which targets gram‐positive bacteria, exacerbated the progression of liver damage, steatosis, and fibrosis in iHFC#2‐fed C57BL/6 mice. The expression levels of inflammation‐ and fibrosis‐related genes in the liver significantly increased after VCM treatment for 8 weeks. F4/80+ macrophage abundance increased in the livers of VCM‐treated mice. These changes were rarely observed in the iHFC#2‐fed C57BL/6 mice treated with metronidazole, which targets anaerobic bacteria. A16S rRNA sequence analysis revealed a significant decrease in α‐diversity in VCM‐treated mice compared with that in placebo‐treated mice, with Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes significantly decreased, while Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia increased markedly. Finally, VCM treatment dramatically altered the level and balance of bile acid (BA) composition in iHFC#2‐fed C57BL/6 mice. Thus, the VCM‐mediated exacerbation of MASH progression depends on the interaction between the gut microbiota, BA metabolism, and inflammatory responses in the livers of iHFC#2‐fed C57BL/6 mice.
IF YOU COULD READ MY MIND: ON THE HISTORY OF MIND AND OTHER MATTERS
Authors: Lorenz Chris 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIn The Primacy of Method in Historical Research: Philosophy of History and the Perspective of Meaning, Jonas Ahlskog presents a critical and lucid engagement with contemporary philosophies of history and makes a sustained case for a return to the ideas of history and social science as developed by R. G. Collingwood and Peter Winch. What philosophy needs again is, first, a recognition of the “primacy of method”—that is, the insight that what one knows about reality depends on how one knows it. Second, philosophers need to take “the duality of method” seriously again and to recognize that the modes of explanation in the human sciences and the natural sciences are categorically different from each other—especially now that this difference has been blurred in recent debates about the Anthropocene. Ahlskog's book is thus also a contribution to the classical debate about causal explanation versus meaningful understanding. On closer analysis, however, Ahlskog's “untimely meditations” on “historical method” suffer from an insufficient engagement with counterarguments. A first line of critique challenges the idea that human action cannot be explained causally. A second line of critique challenges the idea that all aspects of human action can be “understood,” because the unintended aspects and consequences of individual actions cannot. These require causal explanation. A third line of critique concerns Ahlskog's denial of the fundamental plurality of ideas of history and the social sciences. Squeezing this plurality into one philosophical mold comes at a price. Unintentionally, Ahlskog's “untimely meditations” also show that much.
A Chinese version of the Stroke Illness Perception Questionnaire‐Revised: Reliability and validity assessment in stroke patients
Authors: Lei Xiaoyu , Liu Yanjin , Guo Yuanli , Guo Lina , Dong Xiaofang , Wei Miao , He Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIllness perceptions are an important factor affecting the prognosis of stroke patients. Evaluating the illness perceptions of stroke patients is of great importance for predicting their health behaviour and rehabilitation outcomes. However, there is no specific tool for assessing illness perceptions in stroke patients in China.ObjectivesThe objective of this study is to translate the Stroke Illness Perception Questionnaire‐Revised (SIPQ‐R) into Chinese and to psychometrically test the Chinese version of the scale in the population of Chinese stroke patients.MethodsThis was a methodological study. We investigated 593 stroke patients in the neurology department of a hospital in China from March to September 2021. We translated the SIPQ‐R and adapted it to the cultural context, after which we evaluated the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of SIPQ‐R.ResultsExploratory factor analysis identified eight common factors that accounted for 71.74% of the total variance, and the factor loadings ranged from 0.530 to 0.933. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the eight‐factor structure (χ2/df = 1.765, root mean square error of approximation = 0.053, incremental fit index = 0.906, comparative fit index = 0.905 and Tucker–Lewis index = 0.900). Internal consistency was confirmed by a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.982. The test–retest reliability was 0.762. The results showed good content validity (the scale level content validity index was 0.940, and the item level content validity index values ranged from 0.860 to 0.960). There were no missing responses and floor or ceiling effects. The standard error of measurement and the smallest detectable change for the SIPQ‐R were 45.49 and 126.10, respectively.ConclusionsThe results of this study provide empirical evidence for the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the SIPQ‐R for stroke patients.
Role of novel protein acylation modifications in immunity and its related diseases
Authors: Li Xiaoqian , Yu Tao , Li Xiaolu , He Xiangqin , Zhang Bei , Yang Yanyan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe cross‐regulation of immunity and metabolism is currently a research hotspot in life sciences and immunology. Metabolic immunology plays an important role in cutting‐edge fields such as metabolic regulatory mechanisms in immune cell development and function, and metabolic targets and immune‐related disease pathways. Protein post‐translational modification (PTM) is a key epigenetic mechanism that regulates various biological processes and highlights metabolite functions. Currently, more than 400 PTM types have been identified to affect the functions of several proteins. Among these, metabolic PTMs, particularly various newly identified histone or non‐histone acylation modifications, can effectively regulate various functions, processes and diseases of the immune system, as well as immune‐related diseases. Thus, drugs aimed at targeted acylation modification can have substantial therapeutic potential in regulating immunity, indicating a new direction for further clinical translational research. This review summarises the characteristics and functions of seven novel lysine acylation modifications, including succinylation, S‐palmitoylation, lactylation, crotonylation, 2‐hydroxyisobutyrylation, β‐hydroxybutyrylation and malonylation, and their association with immunity, thereby providing valuable references for the diagnosis and treatment of immune disorders associated with new acylation modifications.
Temporomandibular joint rehabilitative approaches for children and adolescents affected by juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A systematic review
Authors: Ferrillo Martina , Gallizzi Romina , Marotta Nicola , Longo Umile Giuseppe , Spagnolo Alessandra , Ammendolia Antonio , Giudice Amerigo , de Sire Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common rheumatic disease of childhood, and temporomandibular joints (TMJs) are involved in 39%–78% of patients.AimThe aim of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of conservative approaches in improving TMJ arthritis in children and adolescents affected by JIA.DesignPubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were systematically searched from the inception until February 25, 2024, to identify observational studies presenting participants with a diagnosis of JIA affecting the TMJ, rehabilitative approaches for TMJ arthritis as interventions, and clinical or radiological assessment of TMJ arthritis as outcome.ResultsOf 478 papers suitable for title/abstract screening, 13 studies were included. The studies evaluated the effectiveness of intra‐articular (IA) corticosteroid (CS) injections, IA infliximab injections, arthrocentesis alone or in combination with IACS injections, occlusal splint, functional appliance, and physiotherapy. The effectiveness of IACS injections was shown in eight studies. IA infliximab injections did not appear to significantly improve TMJ arthritis.ConclusionResults of this systematic review suggested that conservative treatments, especially IACS injections, might be effective in improving TMJ arthritis in patients affected by JIA. Further studies with a higher level of evidence and more representative samples should be conducted.