bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trimodal age‐specific incidence patterns for Burkitt lymphoma in the United States, 1973–2005
Authors: Mbulaiteye Sam M. , Anderson William F. , Bhatia Kishor , Rosenberg Philip S. , Linet Martha S. , Devesa Susan S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBurkitt lymphoma (BL) is a unique B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma with 3 established clinical‐epidemiological variants: endemic, sporadic and AIDS‐related BL. BL variants show characteristic dysregulation of MYC gene, but the causes of MYC dysregulation or BL arising at different ages are poorly understood. Therefore, we examined population‐based BL incidence patterns in the United States to determine age‐related risk. BL case and population data were obtained from the NCI's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Databases (1973–2005). Standard cross‐sectional age‐standardized and age‐specific incidence rates were stratified by sex and race and supplemented with age–period–cohort models. We analyzed 3,058 BL cases diagnosed during 1,160,300,297 person‐years of observation. Age‐standardized incidence rates rose 6.8% per year (95% CI 4.5–9.1) for males and 7.1% (95% CI 3.2–11.1) for females during the study period. The rate among males was 3.2 times that among females, and among Whites 1.3 times that among Blacks. Male‐to‐female incidence rate ratios did not differ by race, but were 4.2 for pediatric (0–19 years), 4.1 for adult (20–59 years) and 2.0 for geriatric (≥60 years) BL. Cross‐sectional age‐specific rates showed 2 separate peaks among males and females, near ages 10 and 75 years, and a 3rd peak near age 40 years among males. The tri/bimodal incidence pattern was present in sensitivity analyses excluding registries with many HIV/AIDS cases and in period‐specific, cohort‐specific analyses. To our knowledge, tri/bimodal incidence patterns have not previously been reported for BL. Trimodal/bimodal BL suggests heterogeneity in etiology or biology of BL diagnosed at different ages in males and females. © 2009 UICC.
Neomycin fixation followed by ethanol pretreatment leads to reduced buckling and inhibition of calcification in bioprosthetic valves
Authors: Raghavan Devanathan , Shah Sagar R. , Vyavahare Naren R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractGlutaraldehyde crosslinked bioprosthetic heart valves (BHVs) have two modalities of failure: degeneration (cuspal tear due to matrix failure) and calcification. They can occur independently as well as one can lead to the other causing co‐existence. Calcific failure has been extensively studied before and several anti‐calcification treatments have been developed; however, little research is directed to understand mechanisms of valvular degeneration. One of the shortcomings of glutaraldehyde fixation is its inability to stabilize all extracellular matrix components in the tissue. Previous studies from our lab have demonstrated that neomycin could be used as a fixative to stabilize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) present in the valve to improve matrix properties. But neomycin fixation did not prevent cuspal calcification. In the present study, we wanted to enhance the anti‐calcification potential of neomycin fixed valves by pre‐treating with ethanol or removing the free aldehydes by sodium borohydride treatment. Ethanol treatment has been previously used and found to have excellent anti‐calcification properties for valve cusps. Results demonstrated in this study suggest that neomycin followed by ethanol treatment effectively preserves GAGs both in vitro as well as in vivo after subdermal implantation in rats. In vivo calcification was inhibited in neomycin fixed cusps pretreated with ethanol compared to glutaraldehyde (GLUT) control. Sodium borohydride treatment by itself did not inhibit calcification nor stabilized GAGs against enzymatic degradation. Neomycin fixation followed by ethanol treatment of BHVs could prevent both modalities of failure, thereby increasing the effective durability and lifetime of these bioprostheses several fold. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010
Oral bacterial adhesion on amorphous carbon and titanium films: Effect of surface roughness and culture media
Authors: Almaguer‐Flores A. , Ximénez‐Fyvie L. A. , Rodil S. E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractImplant infections can cause severe problems from malfunctioning to dangerous sepsis affecting the health of the patient. For many years, titanium has been the most common material used on dental implants due to their mechanical and biocompatibility properties. Recent studies suggest that amorphous carbon (a‐C) films can be possible candidates for coating dental implants, improving some important features like biocompatibility and bone formation. In the oral cavity, the risk of an implant infection is high due to multiple species are capable to colonize this site and these biofilm infections can limit the use of these medical devices. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the surface chemistry, roughness, and culture media in the bacterial colonization process. To achieve this, a‐C and Ti films were deposited on rough and smooth surfaces and cultured with different microorganisms belonging to the oral microbiota with mycoplasma medium (MM) or human saliva (HS). Samples were incubated for 24 h, after this, samples were sonicated and the number of attached bacteria was determined by counting the colony‐forming units (CFU's) from each sample. The proportion of the species in the biofilms was determined using checkerboard DNA–DNA hybridization. Data were analyzed by Student's t test using Bonferroni's modification of Student's t test and differences on the proportion of the bacterial species attached to each surface were determined using the Mann‐Whitney test. Results show an increased number of CFU's on rough surfaces, especially on the a‐C surfaces. The incubation media were an important factor on the adhesion of certain taxa, whereas other species were more sensitive to surface chemistry and others to surface roughness. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2010
2‐dodecanol (decyl methyl carbinol) inhibits hyphal formation and SIR2 expression in C. albicans
Authors: Lim Crystale Siew‐Ying , Wong Won‐Fen , Rosli Rozita , Ng Kee‐Peng , Seow Heng‐Fong , Chong Pei‐Pei 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCandida albicans is capable of undergoing yeast‐hypha transition to attain pathogenicity in humans. In this study, we investigated the differential expression of CaSIR2 via quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR), during yeast‐hypha transition with and without the presence of 2‐dodecanol. SIR2 transcript levels were found to be significantly enhanced after hyphal induction as compared to the yeast form. This study found that 2‐dodecanol is able to inhibit hyphal development and block SIR2 up‐regulation, even in hyphal‐inducing growth conditions. We suggest that SIR2 may be involved in Candida albicans quorum‐sensing and serum‐induced yeast‐hyphae transition via the Ras1‐cAMP‐Efg1 signalling cascade. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Catalase and superoxide dismutase double staining zymogram technique for Deinococcus and Kocuria species exposed to multiple stresses
Authors: Shukla Manish R , Yadav Radhika , Desai Anjana 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSuperoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase expression is associated with oxidative stress. Existing techniques for the individual staining of SOD and catalase have been described in the past. The objective of this study was to achieve a simple and rapid technique for the double staining of bacterial SOD and catalase on the same polyacrylamide gel. SOD detection was carried out using nitro‐blue tetrazolium (NBT) dye reduction followed by ferricyanide precipitation for negative staining of the catalase enzyme on the same gel. The staining procedure resulted in pale blue SOD bands while catalase appeared as yellow bands against a greenish blue background on the same gel. This technique was used to detect changes in the polymorphic forms of these enzymes in Deinococcus radiodurans R1 and Kocuria sp. C2 subjected to stresses like UV and gamma radiation and desiccation. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Multiresistant Vibrio cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 from waters in South India: resistance patterns and virulence‐associated gene profiles
Authors: Jagadeeshan Sankar , Kumar Praveen , Abraham Wilson Peter , Thomas Sabu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFrom different aquatic locations in Alleppey district, Kerala, South India a number (n = 36) of multiresistant non‐O1, non‐O139 V. cholerae strains were isolated. Water samples were filtered through 0.22 μm membrane filters, enriched in alkaline peptone water and plated onto thiosulfate‐citrate‐bile salts‐sucrose (TCBS) agar. The isolates were resistance to cefotaxime (50%), nalidixic acid (44.4%), streptomycin and tetracycline (41.6%), trimethoprim (38.8%), co‐trimoxazole (33.3%), furazolidone (27.7%), neomycin and ofloxacin (19.4%), ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and spectinomycin (16.6%), gentamicin (8.3%) and chloramphenicol (2.7%). To our knowledge, this is the first report from Kerala, South India on the emergence of multiple drug resistance in V. cholerae isolates belonging to serogroup other than O1 and O139. Virulence‐associated gene profiling of the isolates by PCR revealed the presence of toxR (100%), rtxA (61.1%), hlyA (50%), mshA (33.3%), tcpA‐acfB (13.8%) and st (2.7%) genes. The virulence gene clusters ctxA, ompU, ace, and zot were not detected. This study demonstrates the presence of a wide array of critical virulence factors in diverse strains of Vibrio cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139. Hence, this serogroup can no longer be ignored as an environmental reservoir of virulence genes. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 5 (LRP5) expression in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Authors: Papathanasiou Ioanna , Malizos Konstantinos N. , Tsezou Aspasia 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in osteoarthritis and the role of low‐density lipoprotein receptor‐related protein 5 (LRP5) in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. The influence of 1,25(OH)2D3 on the expression of the LRP5 gene in human chondrocytes was also assessed. Human cartilage was obtained from 11 patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing total knee replacement surgery. Normal cartilage was obtained from five healthy individuals. Beta‐catenin and LRP5 mRNA levels were investigated using real‐time PCR and LRP5 protein expression using Western blot analysis. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of 1,25(OH)2D3 on LRP5 mRNA expression levels in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. Blocking LRP5 expression was performed using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against LRP5, and subsequent MMP‐13 mRNA and protein levels were evaluated by real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. We confirmed the activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in OA, as we observed significant up‐regulation of β‐catenin mRNA expression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes. We also observed that LRP5 mRNA and protein expression were significantly up‐regulated in osteoarthritic cartilage compared to normal cartilage, and LRP5 mRNA expression was further increased by vitamin D. Also, blocking LRP5 expression using siRNA against LRP5 resulted in a significant decrease in MMP‐13 mRNA and protein expressions. Our findings suggest the catabolic role of LRP5 is mediated by the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway in human osteoarthritis. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:348–353, 2010
Middle to Late Pleistocene palaeoenvironmental evolution of the southeastern Alpine Valeriano Creek succession (northeastern Italy)
Authors: Monegato Giovanni , Lowick Sally E. , Ravazzi Cesare , Banino Roberta , Donegana Marta , Preusser Frank 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe Middle–Late Pleistocene alluvial and lacustrine succession of Valeriano Creek (southeastern Alpine foothills, 190 m a.s.l.) documents the environmental evolution of the piedmont plain before the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). The sedimentary record was investigated by multidisciplinary stratigraphical and sedimentological studies coupled with petrographic and palaeobotanical analysis. A chronology has been provided by luminescence, radiocarbon dating and pollen biochronology. The succession developed at the valley mouth of a small catchment and is confined in the piedmont plain by the alluvial fans of major rivers. The oldest deposits were formed during a cold phase during the late Middle Pleistocene. This part of the piedmont plain was generally stable until Termination II, when it was trenched more than 15 m deep by watercourses. The infilling succession of the trench, mostly by low‐energy alluvial sediments interbedded with mire and peat deposits, documents, for the first time on the southern side of the Alps, the relationships between fluvial activity, vegetation and climate change at the foothills piedmont plain during late Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5. The stadial–interstadial climate forcing implies a local reorganisation of fluvial dynamics and of forest composition, although substantial plant cover persisted even during cooler stadials. In accordance with coeval alluvial and speleothem records from the northern side of the Alps, this environmental evolution supports a very restricted Alpine glaciation of the main fluvial catchments of the southeastern Alps during MIS 5a–d. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pollen‐inferred palaeoclimate reconstruction in the Alps during the Lateglacial and the early Holocene: how to estimate the effect of elevation and local parameters
Authors: Ortu Elena , David Fernand , Peyron Odile 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe modern analogue technique (MAT) was applied to six pollen sequences from the Belledonne Massif (northwestern French Alps) to estimate the effect of altitude and local parameters on pollen‐based climate reconstruction during the Lateglacial and the early Holocene. The six sites (Le Vivier (345 m a.s.l.), Les Etelles (700 m a.s.l.), La Coche (980 m a.s.l.), Montendry (1330 m a.s.l.), Le Grand Leyat (1660 m a.s.l.), La Gouille (1800 m a.s.l.)) are located in different vegetation belts (mixed deciduous woods, conifer woods, alpine pastures with maple). The main vegetation changes in the past are recorded at each site. The evolution of four climate parameters (coldest month temperature, warmest month temperature, mean annual temperature, annual precipitation) was quantitatively inferred from pollen data using MAT. The curves obtained were compared to the Les Etelles site, which was the least affected by non‐local pollen transport. The results show consistent trends for the climate parameters reconstructed at the different sites. However, the reconstruction does not indicate a decrease in temperature values related to the increasing elevation. Difficulties in reconstructing the altitudinal variations of climate parameters from pollen data during the periods studied are discussed and perspectives for improvement are considered. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrational spectra and crystal structure of the di‐amino acid peptide cyclo(L‐Met‐L‐Met): comparison of experimental data and DFT calculations
Authors: Mendham Andrew P. , Potter Brian S. , Palmer Rex A. , Dines Trevor J. , Mitchell John C. , Withnall Robert , Chowdhry Babur Z. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractExperimental Raman and FT‐IR spectra of solid‐state non‐deuterated and N‐deuterated samples of cyclo(L‐Met‐L‐Met) are reported and discussed. The Raman and FT‐IR results show characteristic amide I vibrations (Raman: 1649 cm−1, infrared: 1675 cm−1) for molecules exhibiting a cis amide conformation. A Raman band, assigned to the cis amide II vibrational mode, is observed at ∼1493 cm−1 but no IR band is observed in this region. Cyclo(L‐Met‐L‐Met) crystallises in the triclinic space group P1 with one molecule per unit cell. The overall shape of the diketopiperazine (DKP) ring displays a (slightly distorted) boat conformation. The crystal packing employs two strong hydrogen bonds, which traverse the entire crystal via translational repeats. B3‐LYP/cc‐pVDZ calculations of the structure of the molecule predict a boat conformation for the DKP ring, in agreement with the experimentally determined X‐ray structure. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman spectroscopic characterization of a thiophene‐based active material for resistive organic nonvolatile memories
Authors: Fazzi Daniele , Canesi Eleonora Valeria , Bertarelli Chiara , Castiglioni Chiara , Negri Fabrizia , Zerbi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA combined theoretical and experimental Raman study is presented on a diphenyl bithiophene molecule known as a good candidate for the development of organic nonvolatile memory devices. Spectroscopic markers suitable to distinguish the different stable conformers of the molecule have been predicted and detected. The combined analysis of theoretical and experimental Raman spectra recorded in solution indicates that at room temperature a dynamical equilibrium, characterized by interconversion between the two more stable conformers (namely trans and cis), takes place and that the more populated species is the cis form. Referring to the solid phase instead, Raman spectra of single‐crystal samples show the presence of the only trans conformer, as confirmed by X‐ray measurements. Finally, Raman spectra of thin films, as those used for the memory device, were collected; samples just deposited from solution and after few hours from the deposition were analyzed. Following the evolution of selective spectroscopic Raman markers, an isomerization process from the abundant cis (as‐deposited) to the totally trans (after few hours) conformer in the solid phase was detected. These results open the way to the identification of the molecular isomers present in the thin film of the memory cell and finally of the active molecular species involved in the switching mechanism of the operating device. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of hemoglobin on nano silver film prepared by electrolysis method
Authors: Kang Yipu , Si Minzhen , Liu Renming , Qiao Shibao 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNano silver films were prepared by the electrolysis method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to detect the morphology of the silver particles. The surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of the hemoglobin on nano silver film were recorded. It is seen from the SERS spectra that the nano silver films can enhance the Raman signals of the hemoglobin efficiently, and sodium citrate and phosphate buffered saline have no influence on the SERS spectra of hemoglobin. The electrolysis technique to fabricate this highly bioactive, stable, reusable, and low‐cost SERS substrate will be useful in the development of hemoglobin detection methods. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectroscopic investigations and computational study of 2‐[acetyl(4‐bromophenyl)carbamoyl]‐4‐chlorophenyl acetate
Authors: Panicker C. Yohannan , Varghese Hema Tresa , Mariamma K. C. , John Koshy , Mathew Samuel , Vinsova Jarmila , Van Alsenoy Christian , Mary Y. Sheena 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe Fourier transform Raman (FT‐Raman) and Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectra of 2‐[acetyl(4‐bromophenyl)carbamoyl]‐4‐chlorophenyl acetate were studied. The vibrational wavenumbers were examined theoretically using the Gaussian03 set of quantum chemistry codes, and the normal modes were assigned by potential energy distribution (PED) calculations. The simultaneous Raman and infrared (IR) activations of the CO stretching mode in the carbamoyl moiety show a charge transfer interaction through a π‐conjugated path. From the optimized structure, it is clear that the hydrogen bonding decreases the double bond character of the CO bond and increases the double bond character of the CN bonds. The first hyperpolarizability and predicted IR intensities are reported. The calculated first hyperpolarizability is comparable with the reported values of similar structures, which makes this compound an attractive object for future studies of nonlinear optics. Optimized geometrical parameters of the compound are in agreement with similar reported structures. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman investigations of rare‐earth arsenate single crystals
Authors: Barros G. , Santos C. C. , Ayala A. P. , Guedes I. , Boatner L. A. , Loong C.‐K. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPolarized Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the room‐temperature phonon characteristics of a series of rare‐earth arsenate (REAsO4, RE = Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm, Yb, and Lu) single crystals. The Raman data were interpreted in a systematic manner based on the known tetragonal zircon structure of these compounds, and assignments and correlations were made for the observed bands. We found that the wavenumbers of the internal modes of the AsO4 tetrahedron increased with increasing atomic number. This increase seems to be correlated to the contraction of the RE–O bond length. For three out of four lattice wavenumbers observed, this tendency was not nearly so marked as in the case of the internal mode wavenumber. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of LC‐NMR to analysis of carotenoids in foods
Authors: Tode Chisato , Maoka Takashi , Sugiura Makiko 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLC‐NMR has been applied to componential analysis of carotenoids in several foods, specifically, tomato juice, palm oil, and satsuma mandarin orange juice. The crude carotenoids extracted with organic solvent from these foodstuffs were analyzed after simple pre‐processing. Three, four, and two kinds of carotenoids were identified for tomato juice, palm oil, and satsuma mandarin orange, respectively, primarily by comparing their NMR spectra with those of pure standard.
Deformation of oxide scales on Fe‐20Cr alloy under compressive stress
Authors: Zhou C. H. , Ma H. T. , Wang L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe behavior of oxide scales on Fe‐20Cr alloy was investigated in constant load at 1173 K in air. The objective was to understand the effect of mechanical loading on the deformation of oxide scales. It was carried out mainly by comparison of surface morphologies of oxidized specimens observed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). In all cases, the oxide scales formed on specimens without stress showed a flat surface. However, oxide scales formed on specimens after 20 h of oxidation under a stress of 8 MPa (strain 3.07%) showed slip band characteristics. Furthermore, for longer oxidation time up to 65 h, slip bands formed under a low stress of 2 MPa (strain 1.19%), and grain boundary sliding became the main surface feature for the specimens subjected to a stress of 5 MPa (strain 2.53%). Two typical deformation forms are illustrated in the work.