bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ixodes scapularis density and Borrelia burgdorferi prevalence along a residential-woodland gradient in a region of emerging Lyme disease risk
Authors: Logan James J. , Knudby Anders , Leighton Patrick A. , Talbot Benoit , McKay Roman , Ramsay Tim , Blanford Justine I. , Ogden Nicholas H. , Kulkarni Manisha A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe environmental risk of Lyme disease, defined by the density of Ixodes scapularis ticks and their prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi infection, is increasing across the Ottawa, Ontario region, making this a unique location to explore the factors associated with environmental risk along a residential-woodland gradient. In this study, we collected I. scapularis ticks and trapped Peromyscus spp. mice, tested both for tick-borne pathogens, and monitored the intensity of foraging activity by deer in residential, woodland, and residential-woodland interface zones of four neighbourhoods. We constructed mixed-effect models to test for site-specific characteristics associated with densities of questing nymphal and adult ticks and the infection prevalence of nymphal and adult ticks. Compared to residential zones, we found a strong increasing gradient in tick density from interface to woodland zones, with 4 and 15 times as many nymphal ticks, respectively. Infection prevalence of nymphs and adults together was 15 to 24 times greater in non-residential zone habitats. Ecological site characteristics, including soil moisture, leaf litter depth, and understory density, were associated with variations in nymphal density and their infection prevalence. Our results suggest that high environmental risk bordering residential areas poses a concern for human-tick encounters, highlighting the need for targeted disease prevention.
Molecular networking and computational NMR analyses uncover six polyketide-terpene hybrids from termite-associated Xylaria isolates
Authors: Lee Seoung Rak , Dayras Marie , Fricke Janis , Guo Huijuan , Balluff Sven , Schalk Felix , Yu Jae Sik , Jeong Se Yun , Morgenstern Bernd , Slippers Bernard , Beemelmanns Christine , Kim Ki Hyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFungi constitute the Earth’s second most diverse kingdom, however only a small percentage of these have been thoroughly examined and categorized for their secondary metabolites, which still limits our understanding of the ecological chemical and pharmacological potential of fungi. In this study, we explored members of the co-evolved termite-associated fungal genus Xylaria and identified a family of highly oxygenated polyketide-terpene hybrid natural products using an MS/MS molecular networking-based dereplication approach. Overall, we isolated six no yet reported xylasporin derivatives, of which xylasporin A (1) features a rare cyclic-carbonate moiety. Extensive comparative spectrometric (HRMS2) and spectroscopic (1D and 2D NMR) studies allowed to determine the relative configuration across the xylasporin family, which was supported by chemical shift calculations of more than 50 stereoisomers and DP4+ probability analyses. The absolute configuration of xylasporin A (1) was also proposed based on TDDFT-ECD calculations. Additionally, we were able to revise the relative and absolute configurations of co-secreted xylacremolide B produced by single x-ray crystallography. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analysis allowed us to deduce the putative biosynthetic assembly line of xylasporins in the producer strain X802, and could guide future engineering efforts of the biosynthetic pathway.
Density profile of 3He in a nanoscale 3He-4He superfluid film determined by neutron scattering
Authors: Kirichek Oleg , Lawson Christopher R. , Kinane Christy J. , Caruana Andrew J. , Langridge Sean , Charlton Timothy R. , McClintock Peter V. E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor decades, superfluid helium has attracted the interest of the scientific community as an extremely pure realisation of a quantum liquid, only accessible at temperatures close to absolute zero. Previously, helium films have only been observed directly using X-rays. However, this method is limited to temperatures above 1 K due to the high levels of energy deposition, and it also suffers from an inability to distinguish between helium isotopes. Here we show that a 3He layer on top of a phase separated mixture film at 170 mK gradually dissolves into the 4He with increasing temperature. We also observe an anomaly in film behaviour near 300 mK and unexpected restoration of the layered structure at 1.5 K which is consistent with a re-entrant phase transition leading to the suppression of superfluidity in the film near 300 mK. Our successful application of neutron scattering to study helium films at ultra-low temperatures opens up new possibilities for future research.
Nanoparticle-reinforced SiOC ceramic matrix composite films with structure gradient fabricated by inkjet printing and laser sintering
Authors: Chen Xiangyu , Qiu Lu , Zhang Mengsen , Huang Jia , Tao Zhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCeramic matrix composites (CMCs) play an important role in various load-bearing applications. However, fabricating CMCs with both high toughness and stiffness, which are normally mutually exclusive properties, is challenging. Here, we develop an SiOC composite film reinforced with nanoscale tungsten-based particles with a structure and property gradient by integrating hybrid nanoparticle inkjet printing and selective laser sintering. Mechanical results of the resulting SiOC-WOx films exhibit a stiffness-toughness co-enhancement, including a 2-fold improvement in hardness and modulus, and a 3.8-fold better fracture toughness than the matrix material. Moreover, the films exhibit interfacial bonding strengths of up to 86.6 MPa and operate stably at 1050 °C. This performance is attributed to a gradient in the metal-to-ceramic composition and uniformly dispersed self-assembled nanoscale reinforcing particles. This nanoparticle laser sintering method could be used to prepare other materials with structure and property gradients.
Current national nature reserves are insufficient to safeguard the long-term survival of birds and mammals in China
Authors: Sun Weicheng , Zhao Yujin , Chen Wenhe , Bai Yongfei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEnhancing the connectivity of protected areas is a global consensus for conserving biodiversity. Yet, it is unclear whether habitats are sufficiently connected within protected areas to efficiently protect wildlife populations for long-term survival. Here we show that, in general, China’s national nature reserves can effectively protect about one-half of the bird and mammal populations within protected areas for long-term survival. However, they can only protect 25% of birds and 13% of terrestrial mammals with high motility. Areas of low conservation effectiveness are highly overlapped with protected areas of small size and high intensity of human activity. Artificial landscapes (arable land and built-up land), which account for less than 2% area of the protected areas, disproportionately cause nearly 40% of the connectivity loss. The results suggest that maintaining high levels of functional connectivity within protected areas is as important as maintaining high connectivity in the national or global protected area networks. Our findings have important implications for improving the management of protected areas in China and beyond.
A mild increase in nutrient signaling to mTORC1 in mice leads to parenchymal damage, myeloid inflammation and shortened lifespan
Authors: Ortega-Molina Ana , Lebrero-Fernández Cristina , Sanz Alba , Calvo-Rubio Miguel , Deleyto-Seldas Nerea , de Prado-Rivas Lucía , Plata-Gómez Ana Belén , Fernández-Florido Elena , González-García Patricia , Vivas-García Yurena , Sánchez García Elena , Graña-Castro Osvaldo , Price Nathan L. , Aroca-Crevillén Alejandra , Caleiras Eduardo , Monleón Daniel , Borrás Consuelo , Casanova-Acebes María , de Cabo Rafael , Efeyan Alejo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 controls cellular anabolism in response to growth factor signaling and to nutrient sufficiency signaled through the Rag GTPases. Inhibition of mTOR reproducibly extends longevity across eukaryotes. Here we report that mice that endogenously express active mutant variants of RagC exhibit multiple features of parenchymal damage that include senescence, expression of inflammatory molecules, increased myeloid inflammation with extensive features of inflammaging and a ~30% reduction in lifespan. Through bone marrow transplantation experiments, we show that myeloid cells are abnormally activated by signals emanating from dysfunctional RagC-mutant parenchyma, causing neutrophil extravasation that inflicts additional inflammatory damage. Therapeutic suppression of myeloid inflammation in aged RagC-mutant mice attenuates parenchymal damage and extends survival. Together, our findings link mildly increased nutrient signaling to limited lifespan in mammals, and support a two-component process of parenchymal damage and myeloid inflammation that together precipitate a time-dependent organ deterioration that limits longevity.
A new scheme for low-carbon recycling of urban and rural organic waste based on carbon footprint assessment: A case study in China
Authors: Zhou Kai , Li Yongze , Tang Yazhou , Yang Yuchen , Tian Ganpei , Liu Bo , Bian Bo , He Chao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic waste treatment is a major driver of global carbon emissions, thus its low-carbon utilization is essential yet unclear. Through a life cycle assessment of organic waste data from 34 provincial-level regions in China, we have determined that the synergistic and integrated utilization scheme (URIRP) with organic fertilizer and biochar as the primary products can reduce the annual life cycle carbon emissions from 6.9 Mt CO2e to 2.83 Mt CO2e. This reduction can offset 6% of the carbon emissions from the electricity industry mainly through carbon sequestration by application of biochar-based fertilizer, and fossil fuel displacement by bio-energy. Moreover, URIRP can promote the recycling of N and P, reduce annual emission of air pollutants by 866 Mt, and increase topsoil organic matter content by 0.25‰ and economic efficiency by 135%. These findings indicate that URIRP could realize sustainable management of UROSW with significant environmental and economic benefits, and contribute to the realization of China’s carbon neutrality goal.
Youth daily stressors predict their parents’ wellbeing
Authors: Lippold Melissa A. , Jenkins Melissa , Ehrlich Katherine B. , Lee Soomi , Almeida David M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe experiences of family members are intertwined and the stressors of one family member may crossover to affect the wellbeing of others in the family as well. Prior studies have established that the stress experienced by one marital spouse can affect the wellbeing of their spouse and that parent stress can affect their children’s wellbeing. This study used daily diary data from 318 parent-youth dyads (Mean age parent = 41.34, adolescent = 13.18) to examine whether youth daily stressors (i.e., interpersonal conflicts and demands), were associated with parent wellbeing and cortisol levels. Parents report more negative affect, more physical symptoms (i.e., headaches/fatigue/stomach problems), and exhibit higher bedtime cortisol levels on days when youth experience stressors. These effects were consistent across different types of youth stressors, including parent, family, and non-family stressors. Youth stress may have important implications for parent wellbeing.
Rainfall intensification amplifies exposure of American Southwest to conditions that trigger postfire debris flows
Authors: Thomas Matthew A. , Michaelis Allison C. , Oakley Nina S. , Kean Jason W. , Gensini Victor A. , Ashley Walker S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractShort-duration, high-intensity rainfall can initiate deadly and destructive debris flows after wildfire. Methods to estimate the conditions that can trigger debris flows exist and guidance to determine how often those thresholds will be exceeded under the present climate are available. However, the limited spatiotemporal resolution of climate models has hampered efforts to characterize how rainfall intensification driven by global warming may affect debris-flow hazards. We use novel, dynamically downscaled (3.75-km), convection-permitting simulations of short-duration (15-min) rainfall to evaluate threshold exceedance for late 21st-century climate scenarios in the American Southwest. We observe significant increases in the frequency and magnitude of exceedances for regions dominated by cool- and warm-season rainfall. We also observe an increased frequency of exceedance in regions where postfire debris flows have not been documented, and communities are unaccustomed to the hazard. Our findings can inform planning efforts to increase resiliency to debris flows under a changing climate.
Striving towards robust phase diversity on-sky
Authors: Kuznetsov Arseniy , Oberti Sylvain , Neichel Benoit , Fusco Thierry 
Published: June 2024

Context.The recent IRLOS upgrade for VLT/MUSE narrow field mode (NFM) introduced a full-pupil mode to enhance sensitivity and sky coverage. This involved replacing the 2 × 2 Shack-Hartmann sensor with a single lens for full-aperture photon collection, which also enabled the engagement of the linearized focal-plane technique (LIFT) wavefront sensor instead. However, initial on-sky LIFT experiments have highlighted a complex point spread function (PSF) structure due to strong and polychromatic non-common path aberrations (NCPAs), complicating the accurate retrieval of tip-tilt and focus using LIFT.Aims.This study aims to conduct the first on-sky validation of LIFT on VLT/UT4, outline challenges encountered during the tests, and propose solutions for increasing the robustness of LIFT in on-sky operations.Methods.We developed a two-stage approach to focal-plane wavefront sensing, where tip-tilt and focus retrieval done with LIFT is preceded by the NCPA calibration step. The resulting NCPA estimate is subsequently used by LIFT. To perform the calibration, we proposed a method capable of retrieving the information about NCPAs directly from on-sky focal-plane PSFs.Results.We verified the efficacy of this approach in simulated and on-sky tests. Our results demonstrate that adopting the two-stage approach has led to a significant improvement in the accuracy of the defocus estimation performed by LIFT, even under challenging low-flux conditions.Conclusions.The efficacy of LIFT as a slow and truth focus sensor in practical scenarios has been demonstrated. However, integrating NCPA calibration with LIFT is essential to verifying its practical application in the real system. Additionally, the proposed calibration step can serve as an independent and minimally invasive approach to evaluate NCPA on-sky.
Photometric segregation of dwarf and giant FGK stars using the SVO Filter Profile Service and photometric tools
Authors: Rodrigo Carlos , Cruz Patricia , Aguilar John F. , Aller Alba , Solano Enrique , Gálvez-Ortiz Maria Cruz , Jiménez-Esteban Francisco , Mas-Buitrago Pedro , Bayo Amelia , Cortés-Contreras Miriam , Murillo-Ojeda Raquel , Bonoli Silvia , Cenarro Javier , Dupke Renato , López-Sanjuan Carlos , Marín-Franch Antonio , de Oliveira Claudia Mendes , Moles Mariano , Taylor Keith , Varela Jesús , Ramió Héctor Vázquez 
Published: June 2024

Aims. This paper is focused on the segregation of FGK dwarf and giant stars through narrow-band photometric data using the Spanish Virtual Observatory (SVO) Filter Profile Service and associated photometric tools.
Methods. We selected spectra from the MILES, STELIB, and ELODIE stellar libraries, and used SVO photometric tools to derive the synthetic photometry in 15 J-PAS narrow filters, which were especially selected to cover spectral features sensitive to gravity changes. Using machine-learning techniques as the Gaussian mixture model and the support vector machine, we defined several criteria based on J-PAS colours to discriminate between dwarf and giant stars.
Results. We selected five colour-colour diagrams that presented the most promising separation between both samples. Our results show an overall accuracy in the studied sample of ~0.97 for FGK stars, although a dependence on the luminosity type and the stellar effective temperature was found. We also defined a colour-temperature relation for dwarf stars with effective temperatures between 4 000 and 7 000 K, which allows one to estimate the stellar effective temperature from four J-PAS filters (J0450, J0510, J0550, and J0620). Additionally, we extended the study to M-type giant and dwarf stars, achieving a similar accuracy to that for FGK stars.
[CII] luminosity models and large-scale image cubes based on COSMOS 2020 and ALPINE-ALMA [CII] data back to the epoch of reionisation
Authors: Clarke J. , Karoumpis C. , Riechers D. , Magnelli B. , Okada Y. , Dev A. , Nikola T. , Bertoldi F. 
Published: June 2024

Aims. We have implemented a novel method to create simulated [CII] emission line intensity mapping (LIM) data cubes using COSMOS 2020 galaxy catalogue data. It allows us to provide solid lower limits for previous simulation-based model predictions and the expected signal strength of upcoming surveys.
Methods. We applied [CII]158 μm luminosity models to COSMOS 2020 to create LIM cubes covering a 1.2 × 1.2deg2 sky area. These models were derived using galaxy bulk property data from the ALPINE-ALMA survey over the redshift range of 4.4 < z < 5.9, while additional models were taken from the literature. The LIM cubes cover 3.42 < z < 3.87, 4.14 < z < 4.76, 5.34 < z < 6.31, and 6.75 < z < 8.27, matched to planned observations from the EoR-Spec module of the Prime-Cam instrument in the Fred Young Submillimeter Telescope (FYST). We also created predictions including additional galaxies below current detection limits by ‘extrapolating’ from the faint end of the COSMOS 2020 luminosity function, comparing these to predictions from the literature. In addition, we computed the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios for the power spectra, using parameters from the planned FYST survey with predicted instrumental noise levels.
Results. We find lower limits for the expected power spectrum using the likely incomplete empirical data: when normalised by 2π2, the amplitudes at k = 1 Mpc−1 are 3.06 × 107, 1.43 × 107, 9.80 × 105, 2.77 × 105 (Jy sr−1)2 for the aforementioned redshift ranges. For the extrapolated sample, the power spectra are consistent with prior predictions, indicating that extrapolation is a viable method for creating mock LIM cubes. In this case, we expect a result of S/N> 1 when using FYST parameters. However, our high-redshift results remain inconclusive because of the poor completeness of COSMOS 2020 at z > 6.3. These predictions will be improved on the basis of future JWST data.
RETRACTED: Public investment disbursement in construction of transport infrastructure: Situation and solution
Authors: Nguyen Thi Tuyet Dung , Hoang Thi Hang Nga 
Published: June 2024

This paper has been formally retracted from publication by the authors due to a conflict of interest that was discovered post-publication. The authors are responsible for this mistake and apologise for it.
Request approved by the proceedings Editors and the Publisher on August 6, 2024.
Do joint-preserving hip procedures compromise subsequent total hip arthroplasty? A meta-analysis of complications, functional outcome and survivorship
Authors: Goh En Lin , Boughton Oliver R. , Donnelly Thomas , Murphy Colin G. , Cashman James , Green Connor 
Published: June 2024

Background: Joint-preserving hip operations can help relieve pain and delay the need for long-term joint arthroplasty. Previous research has not identified procedures that can compromise outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of joint-preserving hip operations on outcomes following subsequent THA. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus databases were searched from the date of inception until February 2024. All studies comparing outcomes following THA in individuals with (PS) and without prior surgery (NPS) of the femur or pelvis were included. Data on operative time, blood loss, intra- and post-operative complications, functional outcomes, and implant survivorship were extracted. Results: 16 studies, comprising 2576 patients were included (PS = 939, NPS = 1637). The PS group was associated with significantly longer operative time [MD: 8.1, 95% CI: 4.6–11.6], significantly greater blood loss [MD: 167.8, 95% CI: 135.6–200.0], and a higher risk of intra-operative peri-prosthetic fracture [RR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2–3.0], specifically, with prior femoral osteotomy. There were no differences in terms of risks of dislocation [RR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0–3.2], implant loosening [RR: 1.0, 95% CI: 0.7–1.5], or revision surgery [RR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0–1.7] between the two groups. The PS group was associated with significantly poorer improvements in functional outcome [MD: −5.6, 95% CI: −7.6–(−3.5)], specifically, with prior acetabular osteotomy. Implant survivorship in the two groups was comparable after one year [HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 0.6–6.2] but significantly inferior in the PS group after five years [HR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.4–4.7], specifically, with prior femoral osteotomy. Conclusion: Joint-preserving hip operations are associated with greater intra-operative challenges and complications. In subsequent joint arthroplasty, prior acetabular procedures affect functional outcomes while prior femoral procedures influence implant survivorship. Hip pain due to the morphological sequelae of pediatric hip pathology can be debilitating at a young age. Surgical decision-making at that time needs to consider the survivorship of a THA implanted at that young age against the consequences of hip preservation surgery on further THA.
Unilateral Vision Loss after Posterior Fixation for Traumatic Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Case Report with Literature Review
Authors: Singh Guramritpal , Maurya Ved Prakash , Bhaisora Kamlesh Singh , Srivastava Arun Kumar , Behari Sanjay , Kumar Raj 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPostoperative vision loss following spine surgery is a rare and devastating complication with variable incidence. Various risk factors have been identified in the literature. A 16-year-old male presented with neck pain, spastic quadriparesis, and tingling paraesthesia in the left upper limb for the past 3 years. Radiological workup was suggestive of atlantoaxial dislocation with occipitalization of the posterior arch of the atlas (C1). The patient was prone to a horseshoe headrest and underwent occipito-C2-C3 fixation by removing the posterior rim of foramen magnum. Postoperatively, the patient complained of loss of vision in the right eye. Ophthalmology evaluation revealed a loss of perception of light in the right eye due to central retinal artery occlusion. An injectable steroid was started, but there was no improvement in vision in the involved eye. Proper head positioning and avoidance of intraoperative hypotension are modifiable factors to avoid such devastating complications.