bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, spectral behaviour and biological activity of pyrazolo‐pyrimidine cyanine dyes
Authors: El‐Maghraby M. A. , Koraiem A. I. M. , El‐Latif F. M. E. Abd 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNew asymmetrical 2(4)‐monomethine cyanine dyes (IIIa‐c IVa‐i), monomethine bases (Va,b), dicationic cyanines (VIIIa_c, IXa‐c) and styryl cyanines (XIa‐b) incorporating N‐phenyl‐1‐H‐pyrazolo (3, 4‐d) saturated or unsaturated pyrimidine were prepared. The new cyanines were identified by spectral determination. Bactericidal and fungicidal activity of selected cyanines (IIIa‐c, IVa‐i, Va,bVIIIa‐c, IXa‐c and XIa,b) were tested against bacterial and fungal strains.
Kinetics of acetone hydrogenation over Pt/Al2O3 catalysts
Authors: Rositani F. , Galvagno S. , Poltarzewski Z. , Staiti P. , Antonucci P. L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe hydrogenation of acetone to isopropanol has been studied in the vapour phase over Pt/Al2O3 catalysts. The rate law obtained at a total pressure of 1 atm and temperatures between 303 and 363 K is of the form V=kP0aP1/2H exp (‐44 kJ mol−1 RT−1). The kinetic results are consistent with a Langmuir‐Hinshelwood hydrogenation mechanism involving a half hydrogenated species and a non‐competitive chemisorption of acetone and hydrogen on the platinum surface. The specific activity (calculated per platinum surface atom) has been found to be scarcely dependent on the platinum particle size. It is suggested that the chemisorption sites are made of a very small ensemble of platinum atoms.
Analytical characterisation and production of wool wax from Akkaraman and Morkaraman sheep's wool
Authors: Akbulut Nihat , Özdemir Mustafa 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe analytical characterisation and production of wool wax from Akkaraman and Morkaraman sheep in the East Anatolien region of Turkey have been investigated. It was shown that the analytical characteristics of Akkaraman and Morkaraman wool waxes differ only slightly from other wool waxes. Therefore, from a quality point of view, wool waxes obtained from this work can be used for the same purposes as wool waxes produced from different varieties of sheep.
Conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons over the aluminosilicate catalyst HTDZ‐48
Authors: Robinson J. Gordon , Riemer Pierce W. F. , Marr George 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMethanol and methanol containing small quantities of nitrosobenzene, p‐benzoquinone and p‐cresol were passed at a liquid hourly space velocity of 1.0 h−1 over the microporous aluminosilicate catalyst HTDZ‐48 at temperatures in the range 250–450°C. In each case the methanol was converted to hydrocarbons. The presence of nitrosobenzene caused a reduction in the methanol conversion, p‐benzoquinone had little effect and p‐cresol caused an increase in methanol conversion.
Computational techniques for liquid‐liquid extraction column model parameter estimation, using the forward mixing model
Authors: Korchinsky Walter J. , Young Chee‐Hong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHere is presented the first step toward the practical application of a model of liquid‐liquid extraction column performance which includes the influence of drop size distribution, or of ‘forward mixing’. The theory, previously developed and described, has been used successfully to obtain model parameter values from experimental extraction data, including drop size distributions and solute concentration profiles. The presence of a significant settling zone height complicates the theory and poses difficulties. These were overcome by the reduction of the settling zone height to an insignificant level. Values of the continuous phase mass transfer, and axial dispersion, coefficients for an assumed (Handlos‐Baron) drop‐side model are reported. The overall mass transfer coefficients are confirmed to increase with drop size.
Cyanine dyes from 4,5,10‐trioxo‐ 1,2,3,4,5,10‐hexahydro‐benz[g]quinoline
Authors: Elmaghraby Mohamed A. , Koraiem Ahmed I. M. , Khalafalla Ali K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAsymmetrical bis‐styryl cyanine dyes (IVa‐f) containing arylidene moieties were obtained through the interaction of 4,5,10‐trioxo‐1,2,3,4,5,10‐hexahydrobenz[g]quinoline (I) with aromatic aldehydes followed by condensation with 2‐methyl quaternary salts. In addition interaction of (I) with heterocyclic aldehydes, then condensation of the products (IIIa, b) with 2‐methyl quaternary salts gave the asymmetrical bis‐styryl cyanines (Va‐d). Other symmetrical bis‐styryl cyanines (VIIIa‐c) were also obtained as reaction products between 3,4,5,10‐tetra‐oxo‐1,2,3,4,5,10‐hexahydrobenz[g]quinoline (VII) and two moles of 2‐methyl quaternary salts. The new compounds were identified by i.r. spectra determination. Bactericidal activity of selected asymmetrical and symmetrical bis‐styryl cyanines (IVa‐i, Va‐d and VIIIa‐c) were tested against bacterial and fungal strains.
Sorption of caesium by complex hexacyanoferrates iv. ion exchange kinetics and mechanism of sorption by potassium copper ferrocyanide
Authors: Lee Edward F. T. , Streat Michael 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe kinetics of caesium sorption by potassium copper ferrocyanide have been studied. Liquid film diffusion is rate controlling in very dilute solutions of caesium (3.8 × 10−6m). The average film diffusion coefficient was found to be 1.465 × 10−9 m2 s−1 at 20°C and the activation energy for the corresponding process was found to be 15.14 kJ mol−1. Chemical reaction rate controls the caesium‐potassium ion exchange process at a higher caesium concentration of 3.8 × 10−3m. The shell progressive reaction model was found applicable to the sorption process. The activation energy for the caesium‐potassium ion exchange reaction was measured to be 74.85 kJ mol−1. Finally, a comparison between the theoretical and the experimental sorption profile has been made to demonstrate the validity of the theory.
Cyanide detoxification by selective ion exchange with protonated poly(4‐vinyl pyridine)
Authors: Chanda M. , O'Driscoll K. F. , Rempel G. L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn order to explore the possibility of using cross‐linked poly(4‐vinyl pyridine), PVP, for selective removal of cyanide in waste water by complexation of the cyanide with ferrous ion followed by ion exchange, the sorption behaviour of the anionic ferrocyanide complex (Fe(CN)64‐) on the resin operating in an acid salt form has been studied. The results are compared with those obtained on a conventional gel‐type weak base resin, Amberlite IRA‐68. The ferrocyanide complex is selectively sorbed in preference to other common ions and is readily stripped with dilute sodium hydroxide. PVP has a high sorption capacity, fast sorption kinetics and a rapid rate of regeneration, being much superior to Amberlite IRA‐68 in all these respects. The sorption rate is film‐diffusion controlled at low solution concentrations (< 0.8 mmol litre−1) and particle‐diffusion controlled at higher concentrations (> 0.8 mmol dm−3). Lowering pH to ∼ 1 increases the sorption of Fe(CN)64− on to protonated PVP by 75% over that at pH 7, a phenomenon explained by the formation of protonated ferrocyanide species, HFe(CN)63‐ and H2Fe(CN)62‐. From column operations with 156 mg dm−3 cyanide waste stream a capacity of 73 mg CN− g−1 of protonated PVP to 1 mg dm−3 breakthrough is determined, compared to 60 mg CN− g−1 of protonated IRA‐68.
Reversible adsorption of thiophene on copper chromite
Authors: Sansare S. D. , Choudhary V. R. , Doraiswamy L. K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdsorption isotherms of thiophene on copper chromite catalyst have been obtained under catalytic conditions using the gas chromatographic technique. The isotherms were found to follow the Freundlich adsorption equation. The isosteric heat of adsorption has been determined from the isotherms and found to be dependent on surface coverage.
Thermal decomposition of iron(iii) basic sulphates in air in the presence of alkali and alkaline earth carbonates
Authors: Swamy Sitarama M. , Nayak Rangadhar , Prasad Prabhakara T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe thermal decomposition of iron(III) basic sulphates was studied. Decomposition of the hydroxysulphate was a single‐step process in the presence of carbonates of sodium, potassium and rubidium. In the presence of basic beryllium sulphate, however, the process involved decomposition of individual components. With some carbonates, the reaction was incomplete.
Measurement of concentration profiles in a liquid‐liquid extraction column
Authors: Bonnet Julio C. , Jeffreys G. V. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA novel experimental technique for withdrawing uncontaminated samples of each phase from a highly agitated two liquid phase system (primary dispersion) is presented. The technique has been applied in the study of the continuous and dispersed phase axial mixing characteristic of a mechanically agitated liquid Scheibel extraction column operating under different conditions treating the chemical system acetone‐toluene‐water. The column mixing compartments were separated by a mixed stainless steel‐polypropylene knitted mesh packed bed which was completely ‘wetted’ by the organic dispersed phase. Several concentration profiles are presented and the non‐ideal flow parameters as well as the mass transfer coefficients for the column and system under study are reported.
Polymetallic complexes. part iii. schiff base complexes of cobalt(ii), copper(ii), cadmium(ii) and mercury(ii)
Authors: Mahapatra Bipin B. , Pujari S. K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEight polymetallic complexes have been synthesised of the composition M2L2.nB [M = Co(II), n = 4, B=H2O, M = Cu(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II), n = 0] M2L2'.nB [M = Co(II), n = 4, B = H2O; M = Cu(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II), n = 0], LH2 = bi‐bidentate Schiff base derived from benzoin with m‐phenylenediamine; L'Hz = tridentate Schiff base derived from benzoin with o‐aminophenol. Elemental analysis, conductance, magnetic susceptibility, i.r. and electronic spectral measurements have been done to characterise the complex compounds. A dinuclear octahedral configuration has been assigned to the cobalt(II) complexes and a dinuclear square planar structure to the copper(II) complexes. A tetrahedral configuration has been attributed to the cadmiurn(II) and mercury(II) complexes.
Evaluation of effective diffusivity of adsorbate in the absence of adsorption and surface diffusion
Authors: Choudhary Vasant R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA method is suggested for the evaluation of effective diffusivity of adsorbate in the absence of adsorption and surface diffusion, the precise value of which is required for estimating the effective surface diffusivity and the extent of influence of adsorption on the overall mass flux in a porous solid. The method does not require the knowledge of tortuosity factor, the accurate values of average pore radius for micro, transitional and macro pores, or the porosities corresponding to micro and macro pores, which are required in case of diffusion in the transitional region and in the solids containing bimodal pore size distribution.
The adsorption of dyestuffs from aqueous solutions using activated carbon. iv. external mass transfer processes
Authors: Mckay Gordon 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe parameters affecting the mass transfer coefficients for external transport of dyes from water on to activated carbon particles have been studied. The external mass transfer coefficients have been determined and correlated as the dimensionless mass transfer term, Sh/Sc0.33. The dimensionless function has been found to vary linearly with agitation, initial dye concentration, particle size, adsorbent mass on log‐log coordinates, while reciprocal variation was obtained with absolute temperature. Activation energies were determined for the surface process, for the adsorption of Deorlene Yellow, Victoria Blue, Telon Blue and Disperse Blue 7 and found to be 26.5, 24.5. 25.4 and 74.6 kJ mol‐l respectively.
The role of nickel in hydrodesulphurisation catalysts
Authors: Laine Jorge , Brito Joaquin , Yunes Simon 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe acidity and activity of promoted (with NiO) and unpromoted MoO3/A12O3 catalysts were studied by ammonia adsorption, titration using acid/base colour indicators, and thiophene hydrodesulphurisation. The incorporation of nickel into supported MoO3produced significant changes in activity, which was attributed to changes in the number and strength of the acid sites. Specifically, the nickel decreased the concentration of highly acid sites and increased the number of sites with intermediate acidity in the oxide catalyst. At the same time, the nickel markedly increased the steady state catalytic activity but decreased the initial activity. Carbon and sulphur analyses, as well as acid site concentration of used catalysts, suggest that this behaviour may be associated with modifications brought about by nickel on MoS2crystallite growth and on deactivation by carbon deposition. These suggestions are found to be consistent with other effects attributedtothe promoter, such as hydrogen spill‐over and p‐semiconductivity.
Leaching of raney ni‐a1 alloy with alkali: kinetics of hydrogen evolution
Authors: Choudhary Vasant R. , Chaudhari Sudhakar K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractKinetics of leaching of Raney Ni‐AI alloy (Ni: 50% w/w) with alkali has been studied in an agitated reactor by measuring the rate of H2 evolved in the leaching process at constant alkali concentrations. The effects of various process parameters such as temperature, type and concentration of alkali, particle size of the alloy and stirring speed, on the leaching process have also been investigated. The kinetic data could be fitted to the empirical expression:q=α+βlog(t)Where, q is the amount of H2 evolved in the leaching process; t, the reaction time; and a and β, the constants. The order of reaction with respect to alkali concentration and the activation energy for the leaching process were determined from the analysis of the initial rates. An appreciable fraction of the hydrogen, which is formed in the leaching process, has been found to be retained on the solid product(s).
A modified method of nitric acid pulping of bagasse
Authors: El‐Taraboulsi M. A. , Nassar M. M. , Abd El‐Rehim E. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPulping of bagasse by a rapid and mild nitric acid process was successfully carried out to produce different grades of pulp. Nitric chemimechanical bagasse pulp was produced in a high yield of 91 % on pulping depithed bagasse with 4% HNO3 for a period of 30 min at 80°C, followed by alkali pulping with 2% NaOH at 95°C for 30 min. The pulp had a satisfactory strength and high opacity. On increasing the strengths of nitric acid to 7% and alkali to 7% a nitric semichemical pulp of 65% yield was obtained. The pulp had a superior strength and high opacity. The pulp was easily bleached to 71% general electric brightness (GE) with the chlorination‐alkali‐extraction‐hypochlorite (CEH) sequence. With 15% HNO3 and 8% NaOH, nitric chemical bagasse pulp was produced. The pulp was easily bleached to a high brightness of 82% GE with one stage hypochlorite. The pulp had a higher strength than kraft bagasse pulp. A satisfactory newsprint paper was produced on an experimental paper machine with a furnish composed of 80% bleached nitric semichemical bagasse pulp, 10% bleached softwood pulp and 10% clay.
A review of the air oxidation of aqueous sulphide solutions
Authors: Kuhn A. T. , Chana M. S. , Kelsall G. H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe oxidation by air or oxygen of aqueous solutions of sulphides is reviewed. Some additional data obtained by the authors is also included. A hypothesis is advanced explaining the widely accepted catalytic effects operative in this reaction in terms of a coupled pair of electrochemical reactions.
Das Duplifikationssystem der Bakterienzelle I. Beziehungen zwischen DNS‐Replikation und Zellteilung bei balanciertem Zellwachstum
Authors: Bleecken S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOn the basis of a model of Cooper and Helmstetter, processes are described, which are primarly responsible for the regular course of the multiplication of the bacterial cell and which are called ‘duplification system’. From the model the marker frequency function, the DNA content per cell, the number of nuclei per cell and the frequency of nascent replication points per cell are calculated. A connexion between the model of Cooper‐Helmstetter and the replicon model of Jacob, Brenner and Cuzin delivers predictions on the segregation pattern of the cytoplasmic membrane. Theoretical studies explain quantitatively some experimental results quoted from the literature. A comparison between the calculated frequency of nascent replication points and the amount of ribosomal RNA per cell suggests that both cell components depend on the growth rate in the same manner.
Der Einfluß der Doppelbindung in organischen Lösungsmitteln auf das Wachstum von Bakterien
Authors: Höhne C. , Patsch R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEs wurden drei ungesättigte und die ihnen entsprechenden gesättigten Lösungsmittel auf ihre antibakterielle Wirkung gegenüber S. aureus, E. coli, Kl. pneumoniae und Ps. aeruginosa untersucht. Die Einführung der Doppelbindung führt zu einer Steigerung der antibakteriellen Wirkung, so daß ungesättigte Lösungsmittel für den Einsatz als Lösungsvermittler bei Resistenzbestimmungen von Bakterien gegenüber in Wasser schwer löslichen Chemotherapeutika nicht in Frage kommenFrl. R. Niederschuh sei an dieser Stelle für exakte und zuverlässige Assistenz herzlichst gedankt.
Die autoradiographische Lokalisation der DNS in thyminbedürftigen Zellen von Escherichia coli CR 34 nach Thyminmangel
Authors: Strohbach G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUnder conditions of thymine starvation the cells of the thyminerequiring strain E. coli CR 34 elongate and give rise to filamentous forms without septa. In 95% of the cells the 3H‐thymidine labelled material is characteristically confined to the center of the cells and does not extend out to the tips of the filaments. With different methods it is shown that a proportion of the cells still may divide once when DNA synthesis is inhibited by thymine depletion. It is suggested, that a filament formed under conditions of thymine starvation mostly contains one „nucleus”︁.
Transferable colicinogenic factors as mobilizing agents for extrachromosomal streptomycin resistance
Authors: Frédéricq P. , Krčméry V. , Kettner M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMany strains with transferable colicinogenic factors were found to mobilize non‐transferable but extrachromosomally located streptomycin resistance determinants in laboratory strains. In turn, with only one exception, all strains which were found in triparental crosses to mobilize the transfer of the S‐determinants harboured a transferable col factor. These findings may show the ecological importance of transferable colicinogenic strains which occur frequently among wild type strains of E. coli in the origin and spreading of resistance transfer factors under natural conditions. When studying transfer factors and transferable resistance, it is nessessary to check the donor strains for colicinogeny and to destroy the colicines produced. Otherwise false negative results may be obtained.
Vergleichende Taxonomie der Gattung Saccharomyces (MEYEN) REESS
Authors: Kocková‐Kratochvílová Anna , Nakase Takeshi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFor the estimation of the GC‐content, we have elected representatives of single groups which have been formed by numerical evaluation of the relationships among the strains of the genus Saccharomyces. The estimated GC‐values for 48 strains of the genus Saccharomyces gave an average of 36.75 Mol%, standard deviation being 1.96. The variation range within the limit 35.0–39.0 corresponds to the normal distribution.Between the strains of the genera Zygosaccharomyces and Saccharomyces was shown a low phenetic similarity. A low similarity in DNS base composition was found between the groups “delbrueckii” and “fermentati”. This shows that they are not related phylogenetically to each other but form a polyphyletic group. Although strains of the group “bailii” and “rouxii” are phenetically not much similar to the genus Saccharomyces, the DNA base composition falls into the range of Saccharomyces. On the contrary, the genus Saccharomyces appears to be homogeneous not only phenetically, but also on the basis of similarity of DNA base composition.
Cytologische Beobachtungen an Labyrinthula coenocystis SCHMOLLER bei verschiedenen Kulturbedingungen
Authors: Babtsch G. , Bartsch G. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Ein aus Zostera marina isolierter Stamm von Labyrinthula coenocystis entwickelte sich unter verschiedenen Kulturbedingungen stets in der typischen Form netzartiger Zellverbände. Bei relativ trockener Agaroberfläche erfolgte die Entwicklung bevorzugt innerhalb des Agars. Nach Zugabe von Ölsäure bzw. löslicher Stärke zum Medium oder bei Verwendung von Leinöl anstelle einer Futtermikroben‐Suspension entstanden an Verzweigungsstellen der Schleimbahnen auf der Agaroberfläche kolonieartige Zellaggregationen.
Die Zellen sind spindelförmig und 10–15 μ lang. In älteren Kulturen oder bei Eintritt ungünstiger Bedingungen stellen sie ihre Bewegung ein und haben dann wie die „Kolonie”︁ Zellen abgerundete Spindelpole.
Elektronenmikroskopisch unterscheiden sich die Labyrinthula‐Zellen. von anderen Protisten‐Zellen durch ein spärliches endoplasmatisches Reticulum, geringe Zahl der Tubuli pro Mitochondrium, besonders aber durch zahlreiche Lipidtropfen. Eine Differenzierung von Ekto‐ und Endoplasma erfolgt nicht. Desgleichen fehlen protoplasmatische Fibrillen innerhalb des Cytoplasmas. Hinsichtlich ihrer Feinstruktur unterscheiden sich die Labyrinthula‐Zellen junger Verbände und der „Kolonien”︁ nur unwesentlich.
Unter allen geprüften Kulturbedingungen sind die Zellen von der Schleimbahn umgeben, so daß sie sich stets innerhalb derselben vorwärts bewegen müssen. Auch nach Einstellung der Fortbewegung sowie in den „Kolonien”︁ liegen die Zellen einzeln innerhalb der Schleimbahn.
Die Begrenzung zur Schleimbahn bildet eine dünne Zellmembran. Besondere Organelle, die der Fortbewegung dienen könnten, ließen sich nicht nachweisen. In allen Altersstadien besitzt die Zellmembran jedoch als „bothrosomes”︁ bezeichnete Einstülpungen, deren Struktur und Funktion diskutiert werden.
Trotz zahlreicher Versuche gelang es nicht, die Bildung spezieller Dauer‐. Entwicklungs‐ oder Propagationsstadien zu induzieren. Es bleibt jedoch offen, ob solche Stadien überhaupt fehlen oder infolge der mehrjährigen Kultur nicht mehr ausgebildet werden.