bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between single and mixed exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and biological aging
Authors: Fu Zuqiang , Zhang Xianli , Zhong Chunyu , Gao Zhe , Yan Qing 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAging is one of the most important public health issues. Previous studies on the factors affecting aging focused on genetics and lifestyle, but the association between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aging is still unclear.MethodsThis study utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2010. A total of 8,100 participants was used to construct the biological age predictors by using recent advanced algorithms Klemera–Doubal method (KDM) and Mahalanobis distance. Two biological aging indexes, recorded as KDM-BA acceleration and PhenoAge acceleration, were used to investigate the relationship between single PAHs and biological age using a multiple linear regression analysis, and a weighted quantile sum (WQS) model was constructed to explore the mixed effects of PAHs on biological age. Finally, we constructed the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model to assess the non-linear relationship between PAHs and biological age.ResultsExposure to PAHs was associated with PhenoAge acceleration. Each unit increase in the log10-transformed level of 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, and 2-fluorene was associated with a 0.173 (95% CI: 0.085, 0.261), 0.310 (95% CI: 0.182, 0.438), and 0.454 (95% CI: 0.309, 0.598) -year increase in PhenoAge acceleration, respectively (all corrected P &lt; 0.05). The urinary PAH mixture was relevant to KDM-BA acceleration (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0, 0.26, P = 0.048) and PhenoAge acceleration (β = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.70, P &lt; 0.001), and 2-naphthol had the highest weight in the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression. The RCS analyses showed a non-linear association between 2-naphthol and 2-fluorene with KDM-BA acceleration (all P &lt; 0.05) in addition to a non-linear association between 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 3-fluorene, 2-fluorene, and 1-pyrene with PhenoAge acceleration (all P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionExposure to mixed PAHs is associated with increased aging, with 2-naphthol being a key component of PAHs associated with aging. This study has identified risk factors in terms of PAH components for aging.
Measuring socioeconomic inequalities in postnatal health checks for newborns in Ethiopia: a decomposition analysis
Authors: Hagos Asebe , Tiruneh Misganaw Guadie , Abera Kaleab Mesfin , Tsega Yawkal , Endawkie Abel , Negash Wubshet Debebe , Workie Amare Mesfin , Yohannes Lamrot , Getnet Mihret , Worku Nigusu , Belay Adina Yeshambel , Asmare Lakew , Alemu Hiwot Tadesse , Geberu Demiss Mulatu , Demissie Kaleb Assegid , Jejaw Melak 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAddressing health inequity is a top priority for achieving sustainable development goals. The existing evidences in Ethiopia have shown that there are substantial inequalities in the use of health services among various socioeconomic strata. Therefore, the present study aimed to measure socioeconomic inequalities and the contributing factors in postnatal health checks for newborns in Ethiopia.MethodsWe used a secondary data from the recent 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey dataset. The study includes a weighted sample of 2,105 women who gave birth in the 2 years preceding to the survey. The study participants were selected using two stage cluster sampling techniques. The socioeconomic inequality in postnatal health checks for newborns was measured using the Erreygers Normalized Concentration Index (ECI) and illustrated by the concentration curve. A decomposition analysis was done to identify factors contributing to the socioeconomic related inequality in postnatal health checks for newborns in Ethiopia.ResultsThe concentration curve of postnatal health checks for newborns lay below the line of equality, and the Erreygers normalized concentration index was 0.133, with a standard error = 0.0333, and apvalue &lt;0.001; indicating that the postnatal health check for newborns was disproportionately concentrated among newborns with higher socioeconomic status. The decomposition analysis reported that antenatal care (ANC) visit (59.22%), household wealth index (34.43%), and educational level of the mother (8.58%) were the major contributors to the pro-rich socioeconomic inequalities in postnatal health checks for newborns.ConclusionThe finding revealed that there is a pro-rich inequality in postnatal health checks for newborns in Ethiopia. To reduce the observed socioeconomic health inequality, the government needs to improve ANC visits, implement strategies to access health service for economically disadvantaged groups, and increase educational attainment among women.
Addressing emerging public health threats: the Noncommunicable Disease Capacity Assessment and Planning (N-CAP) Process
Authors: Saad Randa K. , Alsouri Ruba , Kruse Meredith H. , Kufoof Lara , Lobanov-Rostovsky Sophie , Richter Patricia , Khader Yousef 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe global epidemic of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing. Current assessments that monitor capacity to address NCDs are often externally led and do not facilitate country planning. The Noncommunicable Disease Capacity Assessment and Planning (N-CAP) Process assists ministries of health and other governmental and non-governmental stakeholders to assess, prioritize, and plan how to address NCDs and other public health threats. This paper describes the development of this tool.Materials and methodsDriven by ministries of health, the N-CAP Process engages new and existing stakeholders in three activities: Stakeholder Mapping; Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats Workshop; and N-CAP Workshop that uses Discussion Guides to lead in-depth assessment and planning. Standard Operating Procedures, a library of Discussion Guides based on common NCD themes, and an open-access e-learning course are available.ResultsThe N-CAP Process outcome is a prioritized plan of how to improve the country’s public health functions. Adaptations to the tool were made after piloting in Jordan and Iraq.ConclusionThe N-CAP Process helps countries engage various stakeholders to identify gaps and create collaborative, country-specific strategies to effectively respond to NCDs, a leading public health threat. The pilots sparked interest from other countries and underscored its potential for broader implementation to combat the rising global burden of NCDs.
Global impact of particulate matter on ischemic stroke
Authors: Xie Zhouyu , Shu Peng , Li Fei , Chen Yi , Yu Wangfang , Hu Ronglei 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study assesses the worldwide impact of ischemic stroke caused by ambient particulate matter pollution between 1990 and 2019, utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019.MethodsAn analysis was conducted across various subgroups, including region, Socio-demographic Index (SDI) level, country, age, and gender. The study primarily examined metrics such as death cases, death rate, Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs), DALY rate, and age-standardized indicators. The Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) was calculated to assess trends over time.ResultsThe study found a moderate increase in the global burden of ischemic stroke attributed to ambient particulate matter, with the age-standardized DALY rate showing an EAPC of 0.41. Subgroup analyses indicated the most substantial increases in Western Sub-Saharan Africa (EAPC 2.64), East Asia (EAPC 2.77), and Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa (EAPC 3.80). Low and middle SDI countries displayed the most notable upward trends, with EAPC values of 3.36 and 3.58 for age-standardized death rate (ASDR) and DALY rate, respectively. Specifically, countries like Equatorial Guinea, Timor-Leste, and Yemen experienced the largest increases in ASDR and age-standardized DALY rate. Furthermore, both death and DALY rates from ischemic stroke due to particulate matter showed significant increases with age across all regions.ConclusionThe study highlights the increasing worldwide health consequences of ischemic stroke linked to particulate matter pollution, particularly in Asia and Africa. This emphasizes the critical necessity for tailored public health interventions in these regions.
Yoga as a therapeutic approach to mental health in university students: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Castellote-Caballero Yolanda , Carcelén-Fraile María del Carmen , Aibar-Almazán Agustín , Rivas-Campo Yulieth , González-Martín Ana María 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study has been to analyze the efficacy of a yoga-based intervention on stress, emotional wellbeing, state anxiety and trait anxiety in university students.MethodsThis study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample consisted of 129 university students, of which 65 underwent a yoga training for 12 weeks and a control group that did not carry out any type of intervention. The primary outcome was stress, which was collected through The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). The secondary outcomes were emotional wellbeing which was measured through the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (WEMWBS), and anxiety through State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). All variables were measured before and after the intervention.ResultsParticipants in the experimental group showed statistically significant improvements in the primary outcome perceived stress (Cohen’s d = 0.44) and the secondary outcomes emotional wellbeing (Cohen’s d = 0.47), and both state anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.38) and trait anxiety (Cohen’s d = 0.80) compared to the control group that did not carry out any type of physical training.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that a 12-week yoga intervention can significantly reduce perceived stress and anxiety, and improve emotional wellbeing in university students. Initially, the experimental group (EG) reported higher levels of stress and anxiety than the control group (CG), but after the intervention, the EG experienced significant improvements compared to the CG.
The impact of road environments on rural periodic market travel satisfaction: a heterogeneity analysis of travel modes
Authors: Xu Hong , Liang Ping , Zhu Hao , Li Mingyang , Li Haimei , Martek Igor , Ao Yibin 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTravel satisfaction as experienced by rural residents is closely related to personal physical and mental health, as well as rural economic conditions. An improved rural road environment can be expected to enhance villagers’ satisfaction with regards to visits to markets, but to date this has not been established empirically.MethodsIn this study, a questionnaire was designed to obtain local residents’ evaluations of road environment characteristics for periodic market travel. And we use an Oprobit regression model and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) to explore the heterogeneity of the 14 key elements of the “home-to-market” road environment impact on villagers’ satisfaction under different modes of travel.ResultsThe results of the study reveal that villagers expressed dissatisfaction with the current lack of sidewalks and non-motorized paths, and except for road traffic disturbances and road deterioration, which did not significantly affect mode of travel, other factors proved significant. Significantly, bus services are associated with a significant positive effect on walking, non-motorized and bus travel satisfaction, while distance travel also affects walking, non-motorized and motorized travel satisfaction. It is worth noting that greening and service facilities negatively affect motorized travel satisfaction. In summary, road width, sidewalks, bus service, and road deterioration, are among the elements most in need of urgent improvement for all modes of travel.DiscussionThe characteristics of the road environment that influence satisfaction with travel to the periodic market vary by travel mode, and this study is hoped to provide data support and optimization recommendations for the improvement of the rural road environment in China and other countries.
A scoping review on active vs. passive range of motion approaches to treat heterotopic ossification at the elbow
Authors: Siegel Patricia , Smith Shanna , Stark Emily , Burns Cole , Dionne Timothy P. 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this scoping review is to synthesize and clarify literature on the effectiveness of active and passive range of motion therapy techniques to address range of motion in people with heterotopic ossification (HO), and to provide guidance to therapists in clinical decision-making based on current evidence.MethodTo find articles that included therapeutic interventions to maintain or improve range of motion in people with heterotopic ossification, the authors searched the following databases: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, Web of Science, and OTSeeker. To ensure that the search was comprehensive, the authors also searched Burns and Trauma, Burns Journal, Burns Open, and the Journal of Hand Therapy. Searches were limited to peer-reviewed articles published in the English language. No publication date limits were set. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database PEDro scale was utilized to measure the validity of the methodological quality of each article.ResultsFive studies met the inclusion criteria.. Two studies emphasized that passive range of motion was effective in less than 50% of their subjects, while the other three studies utilized active range of motion only, reporting 50% of patients did not require surgery.Discussion/conclusionThere is insufficient evidence to determine effective therapeutic management of HO and the literature that does exist is contradictory and inconclusive. Future research is necessary to determine if any effectiveness of manual therapeutic approaches exists for patients with HO.
The association between parameters of physical activity and olfactory function—the importance of frequency and moderate intensity
Authors: Namiranian Khoosheh , Gauthier Alexandre-Charles , Gilbert Jo-Anne , Mathieu Marie-Eve 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionOverall physical activity (PA) has been linked to decreased olfactory dysfunction and could improve olfactory function. Additionally, decreased olfactory function can contribute to reduced overall PA levels, given its association with neurodegenerative disorders. This study aims to examine the relationship between specific PA parameters (duration, frequency, intensity) and olfactory function in adults.MethodsA total of 3,527 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2014 underwent assessments for weekly PA duration, frequency, and intensity, alongside a smell test (including odors such as chocolate, strawberry, grape, onion, smoke, natural gas, leather, and soap). Correlation analyses and binary logistic regressions using SPSS were used to evaluate associations.ResultsThe total smell score exhibited small yet significant positive correlations with the duration, frequency, and volume of moderate PA (correlation coefficients ranging between 0.05 and 0.08; all p ≤ 0.05) and frequency of vigorous PA (correlation coefficient of 0.05; p &lt; 0.05). For moderate PA, the duration, frequency, and volume were significantly and positively associated with the ability to correctly detect the smell of grapes while the frequency was significantly and positively associated with the ability to identify smoke and leather odors (odds ratios ranging from 1.01 to 1.07; p &lt; 0.05). For vigorous PA, the frequency of PA was positively associated with the detection of grape smell (odds ratio of 1.05; p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionSome parameters of an active lifestyle are associated with improved odds of accurately identifying odors by up to 7.4%. Moderate PA duration, frequency, and volume were linked to better olfactory scores, while high-intensity PA had limited associations.
Heart Failure and Edema Costs in Patiromer and Sodium Zirconium Cyclosilicate Users
Authors: Kleinman Nathan , Kammerer Jennifer , Thakar Charuhas 
Published: June 2024

Key Points

Prior research suggests differences in rates of heart failure hospitalization or serious emergency department visits between patients on patiromer versus sodium zirconium cyclosilicate.Total costs of heart failure–related hospitalizations and emergency department visits may be lower in patients on patiromer compared with sodium zirconium cyclosilicate.

Background
Previous work suggested differences between patients taking patiromer or sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) in real-world risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalizations and edema hospitalizations or emergency department (ED) visits (edema events). We further investigated these differences to assess economic importance. Retrospective study using published event rates and mean costs derived from Optum's deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Database.

Methods
We designed a model to estimate adjusted economic offsets that combined respective patiromer and SZC HF hospitalization (25.1 and 35.8; difference 10.7 [95% confidence interval (CI)2, 2.6 to 18.8]) and edema event (3.4 and 7.1; difference 3.6 [95% CI, 1.7 to 7.1]) rates/100 person-years from the original published work with costs from our parallel data extract spanning 2019–2021, adjusted to 2021 US dollars.

Results
In a base case of mean HF hospitalization, edema event, and 30-count potassium-binder prescription costs from our data extract, the estimated mean savings with patiromer was $1428 per person per year (95% CI, −$1508 to $4652). Respective costs per person per year for patiromer versus SZC were $8526 versus $12,622 (difference $4096 [95% CI, $116 to $7320]) for HF hospitalization and edema events, and $10,649 versus $7981 (difference −$2668) for potassium binders, totaling $19,175 for patiromer versus $20,603 for SZC.

Conclusions
With differing drug costs, hospitalization and ED costs offset this difference when event rates were numerically small. Model outcomes were driven by HF hospitalization cost and least influenced by edema ED visit cost. A limitation was that the Clinformatics Data Mart data extract may differ from the original work.
التداعيات الاجتماعية لجائحة كورونا دراسة أنثروبولوجية في محافظة بغداد
Authors: شيماء عايد جاسم  , أ.م.د. ماجد علي مصطفى العنبكي  
Published: June 2024

سعت هذه الدراسة إلى بيان أهم التداعيات الاجتماعية لجائحة كورونا على المجتمع العراقي, فقد بينا ما خلفته وستخلفه هذه الجائحة من تداعيات اجتماعية على الفرد والأسرة والمجتمع العراقي, وكيف أثرت الجائحة في العلاقات والسلكيات, فقد تغيرت الكثير من العادات والسلوكيات الاجتماعية كعادات المصافحة والتقبيل, كذلك فقد قلت الزيارات بين الأقارب والأصدقاء, وتغيرت مراسيم الزواج والعزاء والدفن, كذلك بينا دور الأسرة العراقية خلال الجائحة وما هي الوظائف التي عادت إليها بعد أن كانت فقدتها قبل هذه الأزمة, وما تأثير الجائحة على تماسكها, وما الأسباب التي ادت ازدياد حالات الطلاق والعنف الأسري خلال الجائحة, وكما سعت الدراسة إلى بيان آثار الجائحة على قطاع التعليم, هذا القطاع المهم والذي يعتبر من أهم القطاعات في المجتمع, وكيف أثرت في تعليم ملايين الطلاب في المراحل الدراسية كافه, وقد اتخذنا من مدينة بغداد نموذجاَ للدراسة.
وتقع هذه الدراسة فصلين : تناول الفصل الأول والذي يتكون من مبحثين إشكالية, وأهمية, وأهداف الدراسة, وأهم المفاهيم المتصلة بها, اما الفصل الثاني والذي يتكون من ثلاثة مباحث تطرق المبحث الاول فيه إلى منهجية الدراسة , اما المبحث الثاني فاحتوى على الدراسة الميدانية وقد درس بعض التداعيات الاجتماعية لجائحة كورونا, والمبحث الثالث النتائج والتوصيات.
موقف المرجعية الدينية من الانتخابات التشريعية في العراق 2005-2018 مرجعية السيد السيستاني انموذجاً
Authors: م. عبد الحميد شندي عوان  , أ.د. احمد كاظم البياتي  
Published: June 2024

اصرت المرجعية الدينية العليا في النجف الأشرف متمثلة بآية الله العظمى السيد علي السيستاني على المقاومة السياسية باستخدام ذات السلاح الذي جاء به المحتل وهو نشر الديمقراطية، وقد وقفت المرجعية الدينية منذ البداية ضد منهجية التعيين من لدن سلطات الاحتلال، في تأسيس مجلس الحكم، و كتابة الدستور، وتشكيل الحكومة، وبينت أن كل شيء لابد ان ينبثق من الإرادة الشعبية وعبر آلية الانتخابات العامة على الرغم من الظروف الصعبة التي كان يمر بها العراق آنذاك ودخلت في صراع شديد مع سلطة الائتلاف حتى تمكنت في نهاية المطاف من إجبارها على النزول عند رغبة الغالبية العظمى من أبناء الشعب العراقي. ان تأكيد السيد السيستاني على الانتخابات كان لأسباب مبدئية أهمها عدم إعطاء أي مجال للديكتاتورية والتسلط، ولذلك رأى في الانتخابات هي الطريقة المثلى لتمكين الشعب العراقي من تشكيل حكومة ترعى مصالحه.ترى المرجعية إن دورها يعني الإشراف على شؤون المؤمنين الروحية والعبادية والاجتماعية، وهي تكليف وليس تشريفا، وهي قبل كل شيء مقام ديني اجتماعي وليست مركزا سياسيا اذ ان الانتخابات في نظر المرجعية ليس شأنا سياسيا فقط، بل هي شأن اجتماعي، والشأن الاجتماعي يدخل في دائرة اهتمامات المرجعية، وبحكم تصدر السيد السيستاني لمقام المرجعية الدينية فإنه يرى نفسه ملزما بالتعاطي في قضية الانتخابات، والتي يعتقد أنها الأساس المتين للعملية السياسية وللحياة الاجتماعية في أي مجتمع أو بلد.
مرويات أبان بن تغلب في كتاب تهذيب الاحكام للطوسي(احكام الصيد انموذجاً )
Authors: عذراء صباح محمود  , أ.م.د عقيل عباس ريكان  
Published: June 2024

ملخص البحث مرويات أبان بن تغلب في كتاب تهذيب الاحكام للطوسي(احكام الصيد انموذجاً )
مرويات أبان احكام الصيد والتذكية في التهذيب دلت الاحاديث الشريفة على احكام الصيد والذكاة عامة والنظر في الصيد يستدعي بيان أمور ثلاثة: الأول في ما يؤكل صيده وإن قتل ويختص من الحيوان بالكلب المعلم، دون غيره من جوارح السباع والطير.فلو اصطاد بغيره كالفهد والنمر، أو غيرهما من السباع، لم يحل منه إلا ما يدرك ذكاته.وكذا لو اصطاد بالبازي والعقاب والباشق، وغير ذلك من جوارح الطير، معلما كان أو غير معلم اما بخصوص ذبح الشاة فان من الاُمور المعتبرة في التذكية الذبيحة صدور حركة من الحيوان بعد تماميّة الذبح, كي تدلّ على وقوعه على الحيّ وان الحركة بعد الذبح كافية في الذكاة لتدل على حلية الذبح, وايضاً حكم التذكية في الليل يكون على كراهة الذبح في الليل إلا مع الضرورة وموارد أخرى مكروه وبعضها محرمة في الذبح وان العبرة من التذكية إظهار العبوديَّة لله تعالى بذبحها على اسمه، وإظهار شُكرِه على إنعامه بها.
وجاء بحثي على ثلاثة مباحث :
المبحث الأول: صيد البازي
المبحث الثاني: ذبح الشاة
المبحث الثالث: حكم التذكية في الليل
البطائح صراع الانسان وخلود المكان (دراسة تاريخية)
Authors: م. د. بيداء حيدر علي  
Published: June 2024

تعد منطقة البطائح في جنوب العراق من اهم المناطق التي قامت فيها اهم الصراعات والثورات اثناء الخلافة العباسية ..على يد جماعات جاءت للعمل والسخرة في تلك المناطق والتي امتازت بوجود الاهوار والمستنقعات والمسطحات المائية والتي ساعدت على قيام تلك الثورات ومن اهمها ثورة الزط سنة 205هجرية وثورة الزنج سنة 255 هجرية وكذلك ثورة عمران بن شاهين سنة 329هجرية .. واستطاعت الدولة العباسية من القضاء على تلك الثورات بعد عناء طويل وبعد ان هددت هيبة الدولة واستمرارها
سعيد بن الوليد الابرش ) دراسة تاريخية ( (100-136هـ/718 – 753م)
Authors: م.م. زهراء زيارة فالح  
Published: June 2024

تتناول دراستنا هذه (سعيد بن الوليد الابرش - دراسة تاريخية للمدة (100-136هـ/718 – 753م) نظراً لأهمية هذا الموضوع في دراسة التاريخ الإسلامي إلا إننا تطرقنا في دراستنا هذه إلى اولاً ذكر اسمه ونسبه، الذي ينحدر من قبيلة كلب وهي أحد القبائل العربية التي كان لها دوراً مهما في الأحداث السياسية والعسكرية لاسيما في التاريخ الإسلامي، فقد اشتهر سعيد بن الوليد بلقب الابرش، وقيل سبب هذه التسمية كان له برش، أما الكنية الغالبة عليه . (أبو مجاشع) ، أثبت سعيد بن الوليد الابرش مقدرته وكفاءته الإدارية من خلال توليه منصب الكاتب لاسيما في عهدالخليفة هشام بن عبد الملك (100-125هـ/ 718-742م). كما كان سعيد بن الوليد من الكتاب المقربين لهشام بن عبد الملك وهذا ما أكده الطبري (ت310هـ) إذ قال ( فإذا أراد هشام شيئاً أمر الأبرش بذلك، وهذا يدل على معرفته الواسعة بالشؤون الإدارية والسياسية، إذ كان سعيد بن الوليد يتسلم منصب الكاتب طيلة فترة حكم الخليفةهشام بن عبد الملك (100-125هـ/ 718-742م).