bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesial temporal lobe spiking reveals distinct patterns of blood oxygen level‐dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging activation using simultaneous intracranial electroencephalography–functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: George Antis G. , Beers Craig A. , Wilson William , Mosher Victoria , Pittman Daniel J. , Dykens Perry , Peedicail Joseph S. , Gill Laura , Gaxiola‐Valdez Ismael , Goodyear Bradley G. , LeVan Pierre , Federico Paolo ,   the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program Collaborators
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTemporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has a high probability of becoming drug resistant and is frequently considered for surgical intervention. However, 30% of TLE cases have nonlesional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, which is associated with worse surgical outcomes. Characterizing interactions between temporal and extratemporal structures in these patients may help understand these poor outcomes. Simultaneous intracranial electroencephalography–functional MRI (iEEG‐fMRI) can measure the hemodynamic changes associated with interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) recorded directly from the brain. This study was designed to characterize the whole brain patterns of IED‐associated fMRI activation recorded exclusively from the mesial temporal lobes of patients with nonlesional TLE.MethodsEighteen patients with nonlesional TLE undergoing iEEG monitoring with mesial temporal IEDs underwent simultaneous iEEG‐fMRI at 3 T. IEDs were marked, and statistically significant clusters of fMRI activation were identified. The locations of IED‐associated fMRI activation for each patient were determined, and patients were grouped based on the location and pattern of fMRI activation.ResultsTwo patterns of IED‐associated fMRI activation emerged: primarily localized (n = 7), where activation was primarily located within the ipsilateral temporal lobe, and primarily diffuse (n = 11), where widespread bilateral extratemporal activation was detected. The primarily diffuse group reported significantly fewer focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures and had better postsurgical outcomes.SignificanceSimultaneous iEEG‐fMRI can measure the hemodynamic changes associated with focal IEDs not visible on scalp EEG, such as those arising from the mesial temporal lobe. Significant fMRI activation associated with these IEDs was observed in all patients. Two distinct patterns of IED‐associated activation were seen: primarily localized to the ipsilateral temporal lobe and more widespread, bilateral activation. Patients with widespread IED associated‐activation had fewer focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures and better postsurgical outcome, which may suggest a neuroprotective mechanism limiting the spread of ictal events.
Editor's Highlights – July 2024
Authors: Kemény Lajos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing dermatology by enhancing diagnostic accuracy and offering personalized treatment recommendations based on individual patient characteristics and medical history. This month's editorial discusses the transformative role of AI in dermatology, emphasizing its potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy, personalize treatment, and improve healthcare delivery efficiency. It highlights three manuscripts addressing AI's applications in dermatopathology, climate change‐related skin disorders, and health care for undocumented immigrants. Ethical concerns, such as AI transparency and overdiagnosis, are also noted. Additionally, new treatments for atopic dermatitis (AD) are examined. We specifically recommend two recent reports on the efficacy of dupilumab in pediatric AD and refractory hand eczema (HE), demonstrating advancements in dermatological therapy for treatment‐resistant conditions.
Second victim experiences and impact among acute care nurses: An exploratory study
Authors: Lim Siew Hoon , Zainal Humairah , Lee Li Jing , Binte Sunari Raden Nurheryany , Choh Andrea Chau Lin , Teo Kai Yunn , Tan Min Yi , Ang Shin Yuh , Aloweni Fazila 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the experience of second victim symptoms and adverse outcomes among nurses working in public healthcare institutions; understand the preferred components of a structured support programme; and explore the barriers to accessing existing support strategies.BackgroundThe second victim phenomenon is experienced by nurses during patient‐related adverse events, requiring further exploration.MethodsA mixed‐methods design. Second Victim Experience and Support Tool and semi‐structured individual interviews were used among nurses involved in adverse events that occurred from January 2022 to April 2023. Descriptive statistics was used to describe sociodemographic characteristics and survey responses. Thematic analysis was used to analyse qualitative data.ResultsNurses (n = 12) experienced second victim‐related physical, psychological and professional distress (58.3% to 83.3%) within one month after the event. Nurses continued to experience second victim–related distress (58.3%) three months after and turnover intentions (58.4%). Having a respected peer to discuss what happened was the most desired component of a support programme (75.0%). Five qualitative themes: (i) whirlwind of immediate emotions, (ii) lasting impact of adverse events, (iii) organisational barriers, (iv) coping resources at organisational level and (v) positive individual coping strategies.DiscussionNurses experienced immediate and profound distress, highlighting the pervasive and distressing nature of the second victim phenomenon.ConclusionIt is critical to recognise the second victim phenomenon and improve organisational climate to provide adequate support to affected nurses.Implications for nursing and health policyOrganisations can establish a structured second victim support system, allowing nurses to seek emotional aid during the occurrence of adverse events. Establishing national policies as guidelines for organisations to refer to, raise awareness of the second victim phenomenon, and provide a standardised approach for identification and intervention for affected nurses.
Insights into the HfnNb2O2n+5 homologous phases from experimental, first‐principle, and force‐field studies
Authors: Herklotz Andreas , Grove Kyle Martin , Bowen Michael S. , Quade Ryan Mc , Tippey Kristin Elizabeth , Cann David P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDifferent outcomes have been presented on the preparation of high‐temperature ceramic AnB2O2n+5 (A = Hf, Zr and B = Nb, Ta). Considering the importance of these materials as refractories, the stability range of the A = Hf and B = Nb compound is experimentally determined by preparing ceramics via solid‐state synthesis and analyzing their phase compositions. Then, the density functional theory was used to study the stability of the homologous series versus decomposition to the parent compounds of HfO2 and Nb2O5. A good agreement with the experimental values is found. In order to improve the theoretical data further, an interatomic potential based on the first‐principle calculations is developed and applied to larger supercell structures. These force‐field calculations confirm the stability of the homologous series versus a solid solution. The calculations also allow us to study cation order and periodic compositional modulation.
Improving student learning performance in machine learning curricula: A comparative study of online problem‐solving competitions in Chinese and English‐medium instruction settings
Authors: Chang Hui‐Tzu , Lin Chia‐Yu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNumerous higher education institutions worldwide have adopted English‐language‐medium computer science courses and integrated online problem‐solving competitions to bridge gaps in theory and practice (Alhamami Education and Information Technologies, 2021; 26: 6549–6562).ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the use of online competitions in machine learning courses and their impact on student learning. We also analyse disparities in learning outcomes and instructional language effects (Chinese vs. English).MethodsAmong 123 participants at northern Taiwan university, 74 chose Chinese instruction (CMI), and 49 opted for English instruction (EMI). The course spanned 18 weeks: team formation in week one, data analysis, machine learning, and deep learning from week 2 to 8, draft proposals and oral presentations by week 9, instructor guidance in weeks 9–17, followed by off‐campus competitions. In week 18, students presented projects for evaluation by judges.ResultsThe results showed improved scores in competition proposal writing and oral presentations, especially for CMI students, who excelled in these areas and in terms of creativity. CMI students emphasized domain knowledge, implementation completeness, and technical depth in proposals. The EMI students focused on implementation completeness and artificial intelligence model accuracy, along with creativity.ConclusionCMI students achieved superior outcomes in machine learning courses, particularly in terms of competition proposals, oral presentations, and increased creativity. Instructional language choice significantly influenced learning trajectories, leading to distinct knowledge development focuses for CMI and EMI.
High expression of DEC2 distinguishes chondroblastic osteosarcoma and promotes tumour growth by activating the VEGFC/VEGFR2 signalling pathway
Authors: Tuerxun Maimaitiaili , Zheng Xu , Xu Jun , Yang Quanjun , Yuan Ting , Zhang Changqing , Zhou Shumin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in children and young adults. Account for 80% of all OS cases, conventional OS are characterized by the presence of osteoblastic, chondroblastic and fibroblastic cell types. Despite this heterogeneity, therapeutic treatment and prognosis of OS are essentially the same for all OS subtypes. Here, we report that DEC2, a transcriptional repressor, is expressed at higher levels in chondroblastic OS compared with osteoblastic OS. This difference suggests that DEC2 is disproportionately involved in the progression of chondroblastic OS, and thus, DEC2 may represent a possible molecular target for treating this type of OS. In the human chondroblastic‐like OS cell line MNNG/HOS, we found that overexpression of DEC2 affects the proliferation of the cells by activating the VEGFC/VEGFR2 signalling pathway. Enhanced expression of DEC2 increased VEGFR2 expression, as well as increased the phosphorylation levels at sites Y951 and Y1175 of VEGFR2. On the one hand, activation of VEGFR2Y1175 enhanced cell proliferation through VEGFR2Y1175‐PLCγ1‐PKC‐SPHK‐MEK‐ERK signalling. On the other hand, activation of VEGFR2Y951 decreased mitochondria‐dependent apoptosis rate through VEGFR2Y951‐VARP‐PI3K‐AKT signalling. Activation of these two signalling pathways resulted in enhanced progression of chondroblastic OS. In conclusion, DEC2 plays a pivotal role in cell proliferation and apoptosis‐resistance in chondroblastic OS via the VEGFC/VEGFR2 signalling pathway. These findings lay the groundwork for developing focused treatments that target specific types of OS.
The total xanthones extracted from Gentianella acuta alleviates HFpEF by activating the IRE1α/Xbp1s pathway
Authors: Zhao Linna , Qin Yiping , Liu Yangong , An Liping , Liu Weizhe , Zhang Chuang , Song Qiuhang , Dai Cheng , Zhang Juanjuan , Li Aiying 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by pulmonary and systemic congestion resulting from left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and increased filling pressure. Currently, however, there is no evidence on effective pharmacotherapy for HFpEF. In this study, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of total xanthones extracted from Gentianella acuta (TXG) on HFpEF by establishing an high‐fat diet (HFD) + L‐NAME‐induced mouse model. Echocardiography was employed to assess the impact of TXG on the cardiac function in HFpEF mice. Haematoxylin and eosin staining, wheat germ agglutinin staining, and Masson's trichrome staining were utilized to observe the histopathological changes following TXG treatment. The results demonstrated that TXG alleviated HFpEF by reducing the expressions of genes associated with myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis. Furthermore, TXG improved cardiomyocyte apoptosis by inhibiting the expression of apoptosis‐related proteins. Mechanistic investigations revealed that TXG could activate the inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α)/X‐box‐binding protein 1 (Xbp1s) signalling pathway, but the knockdown of IRE1α using the IRE1α inhibitor STF083010 or siRNA‐IRE1α impaired the ability of TXG to ameliorate cardiac remodelling in HFpEF models. In conclusion, TXG alleviates myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis through the activation of the IRE1α/Xbp1s signalling pathway, suggesting its potential beneficial effects on HFpEF patients.
Unveiling the role of RAC3 in the growth and invasion of cisplatin‐resistant bladder cancer cells
Authors: Li Haodong , Ma Hongxuan , Ma JianHua , Qin Fei , Fan Siqi , Kong Shaopeng , Zhao Sitao , Ma Jianguo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, and its morbidity and mortality rates have been increasing over the years. However, how RAC family small GTPase 3 (RAC3) affects the proliferation, migration and invasion of cisplatin‐resistant bladder cancer cells remains unclear. Bioinformatics techniques were used to investigate the expression of RAC3 in bladder cancer tissues. Influences of RAC3 in the grade, stage, distant metastasis, and survival rate of bladder cancer were also examined. Analysis of the relationship between RAC3 expression and the immune microenvironment (TIME), genomic mutations, and stemness index. In normal bladder cancer cells (T24, 5637, and BIU‐87) and cisplatin‐resistant bladder cancer cells (BIU‐87‐DDP), the expression of RAC3 was detected separately with Western blotting. Plasmid transfection was used to overexpress or silence the expression of RAC3 in bladder cancer cells resistant to cisplatin (BIU‐87‐DDP). By adding activators and inhibitors, the activities of the JNK/MAPK signalling pathway were altered. Cell viability, invasion, and its level of apoptosis were measured in vitro using CCK‐8, transwell, and flow cytometry. The bioinformatics analyses found RAC3 levels were elevated in bladder cancer tissues and were associated with a poor prognosis in bladder cancer. RAC3 in BIU‐87‐DDP cells expressed a higher level than normal bladder cancer cells. RAC3 overexpression promoted BIU‐87‐DDP proliferation. The growth of BIU‐87‐DDP cells slowed after the knockdown of RAC3, and RAC3 may have had an impact on the activation of the JNK/MAPK pathway.
Innovation waves: Analysis and modeling of patents on ultrasound applications in food processing
Authors: Andrade Ivo Henrique Pinto , Nascimento Joselene Conceição Nunes , de Jesus Assis Denilson , Andrade Rhaissa Coelho , Camilloto Geany Peruch , Cruz Renato Souza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUltrasonication is an innovative green technology with various applications in the food industry. Notably, patent analysis from a technological perspective is essential for monitoring market trends and identifying the technological stage through life cycle modeling. Thus, this study aimed to conduct an investigation using patent documents on the application of ultrasound in the food sector. The Espacenet® database was used with the keywords “Food Processing,” “Ultrasound,” and “Ultrasonication,” along with the code A23. A total of 140 documents were evaluated, with China being the main applicant country. Fruits and vegetables and bioactive compounds were the key technological sectors. Food preservation and extraction processes emerged as the primary applications. The involvement of ultrasound technology in the food industry is entering the maturity stage, as demonstrated by the function adjusted to the BiDoseResp model. This result implies further technological and market development in the food industry in the coming years.Practical applicationsThis review addressed the evolution and the current scenario of ultrasound applications in food processing through patent documents deposited between 1979 and 2022, which are rich technological information sources. This approach identified the main technological sectors of food and applications in which ultrasound is most used, as well as the main institutions, inventors, and patent‐filing countries. The major challenges, impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic, and market trends were also discussed. Through mathematical modeling of patent mapping, it was detected that ultrasonication is integrated into the food sector while maintaining a highly competitive impact. This development indicates a future with significant advancements in the development of ultrasound in the food industry, with increasing participation of emerging countries in technological monopolies and a trend of associating ultrasound with non‐thermal emerging technologies in patented inventions. Food waste, food printing, and food for people with swallowing difficulties are potential areas for further development.
A cross‐cultural study of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment for people with hearing impairment
Authors: Theocharous Stacey , Savage Greg , Charalambous Anna Pavlina , Côté Mathieu , David Renaud , Gallant Kathleen , Helmer Catherine , Laforce Robert , Leroi Iracema , Martins Ralph N. , Nasreddine Ziad , Politis Antonis , Reeves David , Russell Gregor , Sirois Marie‐Josée , Sohrabi Hamid R. , Thodi Chyrssoula , Völter Christiane , Yeung Wai Kent , Dawes Piers 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundCognitive screening tools enable the detection of cognitive impairment, facilitate timely intervention, inform clinical care, and allow long‐term planning. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment for people with hearing impairment (MoCA‐H) was developed as a reliable cognitive screening tool for people with hearing loss. Using the same methodology across four languages, this study examined whether cultural or linguistic factors affect the performance of the MoCA‐H.MethodsThe current study investigated the performance of the MoCA‐H across English, German, French, and Greek language groups (n = 385) controlling for demographic factors known to affect the performance of the MoCA‐H.ResultsIn a multiple regression model accounting for age, sex, and education, cultural–linguistic group accounted for 6.89% of variance in the total MoCA‐H score. Differences between languages in mean score of up to 2.6 points were observed.ConclusionsCultural or linguistic factors have a clinically significant impact on the performance of the MoCA‐H such that optimal performance cut points for identification of cognitive impairment derived in English‐speaking populations are likely inappropriate for use in non‐English speaking populations. To ensure reliable identification of cognitive impairment, it is essential that locally appropriate performance cut points are established for each translation of the MoCA‐H.
Cannibalistic exchanges with mountain‐ancestors: Moral economies of gold mining in northern Peru
Authors: Bacigalupo Ana Mariella 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCampesinos (peasants) and norteños (northerner entrepreneurs) in highland Huamachuco, la Libertad, northern Peru—reconcile their mining within Andean practices about the perceived sentience and agency of mountain‐ancestors (apus). They do so by engaging in two different types of apu cannibalism that are antithetical to each other. I analyze how the conflict between Andean campesino communities who practice small‐scale underground mining on the apu El Toro site, and, the Summa Gold open‐pit mining company (owned by former campesinos now norteño) also on apu El Toro, reshapes, on both sides, relationalities with mountain‐ancestors and capitalism. I explore miners’ practical moral economies with apus, the local government, and legal authorities to secure economic and political benefits as their worlds are transformed by capitalism. I also analyze how the power inequality between campesino and norteño miners shapes these exchanges, their ability to control the limits of extractivism, and the rhetoric around mining contamination.
Anatomical insights into fish terrestrial locomotion: A study of barred mudskipper (Periophthalmus argentilineatus) fins based on μCT 3D reconstructions
Authors: Ziadi‐Künzli Fabienne , Maeda Ken , Puchenkov Pavel , Bandi Mahesh M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMudskippers are a group of extant ray‐finned fishes with an amphibious lifestyle and serve as exemplars for understanding the evolution of amphibious capabilities in teleosts. A comprehensive anatomical profile of both the soft and hard tissues within their propulsive fins is essential for advancing our understanding of terrestrial locomotor adaptations in fish. Despite the ecological significance of mudskippers, detailed data on their musculoskeletal anatomy remains limited. In the present research, we utilized contrast‐enhanced high‐resolution microcomputed tomography (μCT) imaging to investigate the barred mudskipper, Periophthalmus argentilineatus. This technique enabled detailed reconstruction and quantification of the morphological details of the pectoral, pelvic, and caudal fins of this terrestrial mudskipper, facilitating comparison with its aquatic relatives. Our findings reveal that P. argentilineatus has undergone complex musculoskeletal adaptations for terrestrial movement, including an increase in muscle complexity and muscle volume, as well as the development of specialized structures like aponeuroses for pectoral fin extension. Skeletal modifications are also evident, with features such as a reinforced shoulder‐pelvic joint and thickened fin rays. These evolutionary modifications suggest biomechanically advanced fins capable of overcoming the gravitational challenges of terrestrial habitats, indicating a strong selective advantage for these features in land‐based environments. The unique musculoskeletal modifications in the fins of mudskippers like P. argentilineatus, compared with their aquatic counterparts, mark a critical evolutionary shift toward terrestrial adaptations. This study not only sheds light on the specific anatomical changes facilitating this transition but also offers broader insights into the early evolutionary mechanisms of terrestrial locomotion, potentially mirroring the transformative journey from aquatic to terrestrial life in the lineage leading to tetrapods.
Leader humility and follower prosocial behaviours: Integrating three theoretical perspectives
Authors: Jia Jianfeng , Feng Baoyi , Deng Yingxin , Lin Weipeng , Ning Danzhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntegrating social cognitive perspective, social exchange perspective, and social identity perspective, we developed a research model examining how leader humility affects follower prosocial behaviours via three psychological mechanisms (i.e., self‐efficacy, affective trust, and perceived insider status). We used two field survey studies to examine our research model. Using a three‐wave lagged design, Study 1 (N = 221) found that leader humility had positive indirect effects on employee knowledge exchange, an information‐based indicator of prosocial behaviours, through all three mechanisms. To constructively replicate and extend our findings, Study 2 (N = 230) used a multi‐source and three‐wave lagged design and incorporated two additional indicators of prosocial behaviours: helping behaviour and voice behaviour. The results showed that affective trust mediated the positive effects of leader humility on all indicators of prosocial behaviours, indicating that social exchange is a powerful theoretical lens in explaining the implications of leader humility. Self‐efficacy mediated the positive effect of leader humility on knowledge exchange and helping behaviour. However, perceived insider status did not exhibit any significant mediating effect. We discussed the theoretical and practical implications of these findings for leadership.