bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Respiratory syncytial virus fuses with plasma membrane to infect primary cultures of bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Cadena-Cruz Christian , De-Avila-Arias Marcio , Costello Heather M. , Hurtado-Gomez Leidy , Martínez-De-La-Rosa Walter , Macchia-Ceballos Gigliola , Rosales-Rada Wendy , Valencia-Villa Gerardo , Villalba-Amarís Pedro , Kararoudi Meisam Naeimi , Peeples Mark E. , San-Juan-Vergara Homero 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of bronchiolitis in children under the age of five. RSV infection proceeds by fusion of the viral envelope with the target cell membrane, but it is unclear whether fusion occurs with plasma or endosomal membranes.MethodsEntry and/or infection was studied in undifferentiated primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells. Synchronization of viral entry or infection was achieved by attaching the virus to the plasma membrane at temperatures of 4°C or 22°C. Cells in which entry events had occurred were identified by the enzymatic action of beta-lactamase M (BlaM) fused to the RSV P protein (BlaM-P) carried by rgRSV virions. BlaM cleaves the beta-lactam ring of CCF2 loaded into the cells, disrupting FRET and allowing blue light to be emitted. Green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression, encoded by the rgRSV genome, was used to identify infected cells.ResultsWe found that adsorption of RSV at 4°C favors entry via endocytosis, whereas binding of the virus to the membrane at 22°C favors RSV entry via the plasma membrane. The induction of endocytosis by synchronization at 4°C is, therefore, an artifact. In addition, we found that all drugs that interfered with RSV infection reduced cell membrane deformations such as filopodia and lamellipodia, suggesting a mechanism by which they may interfere with RSV fusion with the cell membrane.DiscussionIn conclusion, RSV enters the cell by direct fusion of its envelope with the plasma membrane.
Pediatric MOG antibody-positive encephalitis with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging: a new spectrum associated with MOG antibodies?
Authors: Jiang Yan , Yuan Ping , Song Xiaojie , Ma Jiannan , Hong Siqi , Li Xiujuan , Jiang Li 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo facilitate the accurate identification of clinical characteristics associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody positive encephalitis in children presenting with normal brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings.MethodPatients hospitalized at Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2016 to May 2024, who were positive for MOG antibodies and exhibited encephalitis symptoms with normal brain MRI findings, were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsA total of 17 patients (7 males and 10 females; mean age: 9.2 ± 2.8 years) were enrolled in the study. The most prevalent clinical symptoms were fever (17/17), with a median duration of 15 days (IQR: 7.5–21 days), headaches (17/17), mild alterations in mental status (17/17), seizures (6/17), vomiting (6/17), decreased binocular vision (2/17), and hemiplegia (1/17). The majority of cases (15/17) exhibited leukocytosis in peripheral blood (mean: 20.63 ± 7.09 × 109/L) accompanied by an elevated neutrophil ratio. C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels were normal in 13 patients (13/17). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leukocyte counts were elevated in all patients (median: 82/mm3; IQR: 49–155/mm3). Six patients (6/17) had elevated CSF protein levels (mean: 1.01 ± 0.38 g/L). CSF glucose levels were normal across all patients. Next-generation sequencing of CSF was performed in 10 patients, all yielding negative results. All patients had a serum MOG antibodies titer of ≥1:32, and six children (6/17) had a CSF MOG antibody titer of ≥1:32. All patients showed clinical improvement after immunotherapy. Only one patient (1/17) experienced a relapse.ConclusionFor patients presenting with encephalitis and normal brain MRI findings, early testing for anti-MOG antibody should be considered if they exhibit the following characteristics: (1) persistent fever; (2) elevated peripheral blood white blood cell (WBC) counts, with normal or slightly elevated PCT and CRP levels; (3) mild elevation of CSF WBC counts, normal or mildly elevated protein levels, and normal CSF glucose levels; and (4) ineffectiveness of antibiotic or antiviral therapy. Encephalitis with normal brain MRI may be regarded as a potential new spectrum associated with MOG antibodies, meriting additional exploration and consideration.
Cranberry-derived bioactives for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections: antimicrobial mechanisms and global research trends in nutraceutical applications
Authors: Jangid Himanshu , Shidiki Amrullah , Kumar Gaurav 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are a global health concern, increasingly complicated by antibiotic resistance. Cranberry-derived bioactive compounds, particularly proanthocyanidins (PACs), have emerged as a promising non-antibiotic strategy for UTI prevention. This review examines their efficacy, mechanisms of action, and the evolving research landscape through bibliometric analysis.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was conducted to assess the role of cranberry metabolites in UTI prevention, focusing on anti-adhesive and antimicrobial mechanisms. Additionally, a bibliometric analysis of publications from 1962 to 2024 was performed to evaluate research trends, collaboration networks, and thematic developments.ResultsCranberry metabolites, particularly A-type PACs, flavonoids, and phenolic acids, inhibit Escherichia coli adhesion to urothelial cells, reducing UTI recurrence. Gut microbiota-driven transformation of PACs into bioactive metabolites enhances their efficacy, while cranberry oligosaccharides disrupt biofilm formation in high-risk populations. Bibliometric analysis reveals a surge in research interest post-2000, with increasing global collaborations and a focus on clinical applications.Discussion and conclusionCranberry bioactives demonstrate significant potential in UTI management, yet variations in formulation, dosage, and metabolic bioavailability present challenges. The growing research interest underscores the need for standardized clinical studies to optimize therapeutic efficacy and establish evidence-based guidelines for their use.
Non-linear association of the metabolic score for insulin resistance with obstructive sleep apnea: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2015–2018
Authors: Cai Zhimao , Li Jiachen , Peng Hui , Ye Ye , Chen Sixia , Zeng Lingli , Lin Jiashuang , Chen Weifeng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe relationship between the Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), a novel index integrating multiple metabolic parameters, and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) remains under explored.MethodsAnalyses were conducted on data from 2,348 participants included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2015 to 2018. Logistic regression, stratified analyses, curve-fitting analyses, and threshold effects analyses were employed to evaluate the association between METS-IR and the risk of OSA.ResultsMultifactorial logistic regression analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between METS-IR and the risk of OSA [OR: 1.05 (95% CI: 1.04–1.06)]. Stratified analyses showed consistent associations across various subgroups, including sex, race, age, marital status, education level, poverty income ratio, physical activity, alcohol use, smoking status, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Nonlinear analysis identified an inflection point at METS-IR 46.65. On the left of the inflection point, the risk of OSA increased significantly, with each unit increase in METS-IR associated with a 7% increase in risk [OR: 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05–1.08)]. On the right side of the inflection point, however, the rate of risk increase slowed to 1% [OR: 1.01 (95% CI: 1.00–1.02)].ConclusionThis investigation reveals a significant and nonlinear relationship between METS-IR and OSA. Further investigation is needed to explore their association more comprehensively and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Advances in sulodexide-based long-term anticoagulation for a myasthenia gravis patient with giant thymoma
Authors: Liu Zhou , Zhang Liang , Peng Wei , Chen Qianqian , Hou Yanguang , Zhan Liying , Li Guang 
Published: February 2025

This case report describes a geriatric male patient with myasthenia gravis (MG) secondary to giant thymoma, presenting with progressive muscle weakness and ptosis. The diagnosis of MG was confirmed through pathology, imaging, and laboratory evaluations. Considering the significant surgical risks associated with the giant thymoma, adjuvant chemotherapy was initiated. Unfortunately, 2 weeks following chemotherapy, the patient developed acute respiratory failure and sudden loss of consciousness. Emergency endotracheal intubation was performed, and he was then transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) and treated with immunoglobulin, plasmapheresis, prednisone, and pyridostigmine. During ICU hospitalization, the patient developed severe lower limb edema accompanied by increased skin temperature, particularly on the left side. Ultrasound imaging confirmed extensive thrombosis in the left iliac and femoral veins, with thrombosis involving 50%–67% of the venous lumen. To prevent the risk of pulmonary embolism (PE), an inferior vena cava filter was implanted, and low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) was prescribed for anticoagulation. Unfortunately, the patient later experienced intermittent melena and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), with hemoglobin levels decreasing to 55 g/L and platelet counts decreasing to 57 × 109/L. Given the adverse events associated with LMWH, sulodexide (SDX) was substituted as a novel anticoagulant with multiple benefits, including reduced thrombosis and bleeding risk, anti-inflammatory effects, and vascular endothelium protection. SDX demonstrated excellent efficacy and safety, with no adverse effects observed during the 3-year follow-up period. In conclusion, SDX should be considered an ideal potential option for long-term anticoagulation in patients with complex conditions such as MG with both thrombotic and bleeding risks.
Fostering engagement using a wearable for self-tracking assisted psychotherapy with refugees diagnosed with complex PTSD: a feasibility pilot study
Authors: Riisager Lisa G. , Huniche Lotte , Larsen Jakob Eg , Christiansen Thomas Blomseth , Kring Lotte , Palic Sabina , Moeller Stine Bjerrum 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTo address the unique challenges faced by refugees diagnosed with complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD), psychotherapy needs to be personalized. The integration of self-tracking instruments into therapy offers a promising approach to personalizing treatment. This feasibility pilot study develops and explores a preliminary self-tracking assisted treatment concept using a wearable self-tracking instrument called the One Button Tracker (OBT). The OBT is a single-purpose self-tracking instrument, designed to track subjectively experienced phenomena.MethodsThe feasibility pilot study adopted a participatory action research design, involving close collaboration between two therapists, two refugees diagnosed with CPTSD, and a research team. Quantitative data was collected from the OBT and qualitative data consisted of semi-structured post-treatment interviews and session logbooks. Reflexive thematic analysis was used for the interpretation of interview data. Quantitative data was used descriptively.ResultsThe integration of OBT into psychotherapy with refugees was found to be feasible, marked by consistent high engagement as seen in the self-tracking data. Five themes were generated from the interview analyses, across two contexts: therapy sessions (navigating between precision and alliance with the OBT, and data usefulness in therapy) and daily life (paradox of awareness, OBT as a sign of treatment, and following the Doctor’s orders).ConclusionThis feasibility pilot study illustrates the feasibility and therapeutic potential for integrating the OBT into psychotherapy for refugees with CPTSD to enhance engagement and personalization. The findings emphasize the necessity of an adaptive, personalized approach, vigilance regarding potential risks, and consideration of cultural factors. Further research is needed to refine this novel therapeutic approach.
Health system delay and risk factors in pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis before and during the COVID-19 epidemic: a multi-center survey in China
Authors: Fan Mingkuan , Liu Yushu , Liu Kui , Liu Xiaoqiu , Li Yuhong , Li Tao , Zhang Canyou , Zhang Hui , Cheng Jun 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundUnderstanding health system delay (HSD) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis aids in tailoring interventions for case detection and curbing transmission. However, recent nationwide studies on HSD in PTB diagnosis have been scarce. This study assesses HSD and its risk factors in China, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic.MethodsPatients diagnosed with PTB between 2019 and 2022 were selected using a multistage stratified clustering method. A semi-structured questionnaire was employed to assess HSD, which was defined as the interval between the patient’s initial visit to a health facility and the definitive PTB diagnosis. The HSD was then compared between 2019 (before the epidemic) and 2020–2022 (during the epidemic). Factors associated with long health system delay (LHSD, defined as HSD &gt; 14 days) were examined using both univariate and multivariate analyses with chi-square tests and binary logistic regression, respectively.ResultsIn total, 958 patients with PTB were analyzed: 478 before and 480 during the epidemic. The HSD was 14 (interquartile range, 7–30) days for all patients, and the HSD before and during the epidemic also shared this value. A total of 199 patients (20.8%) had LHSD. LHSD was more prevalent in patients presenting solely with cough and expectoration (Odds ratio [OR]: 1.482, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.015–2.162) and those visiting ≥2 health facilities before definitive diagnosis (2 health facilities: OR = 2.469, 95%CI: 1.239–4.920; ≥3 health facilities: OR = 8.306, 95%CI: 4.032–17.111). Additionally, patients with negative bacteriological results were independently associated with higher LHSD risk (OR = 1.485, 95%CI: 1.060–2.080).ConclusionIn China, HSD in PTB diagnosis remains relatively low and is primarily mediated by factors associated with health providers. No significant impact on HSD from the COVID-19 epidemic has been found. Implementing targeted training programs to enhance health providers’ awareness of chronic respiratory symptoms and maintain vigilance for PTB; strengthening presumptive PTB identification capabilities at grassroots health facilities, and promoting the use of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) bacteriological technologies are recommended to shorten the HSD.
Assessment of radiation knowledge among medical personnel in nuclear emergency preparedness: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xie Yanjun , Wang Xining , Lan Yuemin , Xu Xinyu , Shi Shaoteng , Yang Zhihao , Li Hongqiu , Han Jing , Liu Yulong 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRadiation literacy, encompassing the understanding of basic principles, applications, risks, and protective measures related to ionizing radiation, is critical for medical personnel working in jobs that involve the use of radioactive materials or medical imaging. In the context of nuclear emergency preparedness, the level of radiation knowledge among healthcare professionals—such as doctors, nurses, and radiographers—directly influences the effectiveness and safety of emergency responses. This study aims to address this gap by evaluating the radiation knowledge of medical personnel and identifying areas for improvement in profession-specific training programs.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sampling method. The study included 723 participants attending a medical emergency response exercise and clinical management workshop on radiation injury in Suzhou, China, in November 2023. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were performed to analyze participants’ radiation knowledge and identify variations across different professional groups.ResultsThe majority of participants were female (64.73%), married (75.10%), and held an undergraduate degree (69.99%). Nurses (40.11%) and clinical doctors (30.29%) constituted the largest professional groups. Significant disparities in radiation knowledge were observed among healthcare workers. Nurses and management personnel demonstrated a stronger grasp of fundamental radiation concepts, such as radioactive nuclides and absorbed doses, compared to clinical doctors. For instance, 85.52% of nursing personnel and 72.34% of management personnel accurately identified the half-life of iodine-131, while only 49.32% of clinical doctors showed comparable knowledge. Furthermore, substantial differences in radiation emergency response capabilities were noted across professions. These findings emphasize the necessity for tailored, profession-specific training programs in radiation protection and emergency preparedness.ConclusionThe study reveals a generally insufficient understanding of basic radiation concepts and emergency response principles among medical personnel. Significant variations in radiation knowledge were observed across different professional groups, highlighting the need for specialized training modules. These modules should focus on fundamental radiation concepts, radiation exposure effects, and emergency response protocols, with content customized to address the unique needs of each professional group. By implementing such targeted training, the overall effectiveness and safety of nuclear emergency responses can be significantly enhanced.
Demographic, health, and behaviors profile of Saudi Arabia’s aging population 2022–2023
Authors: Bindhim Nasser F. , Senitan Mohammed , Almutairi Madhawi N. , Alhadlaq Leen S. , Alnajem Sundus A. , Alfaifi Maryam Ali , Althumiri Nora A. 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundThe population aged 60 years and older in Saudi Arabia is rapidly increasing, leading to concerns regarding their health, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle behaviors. Aging is associated with a higher risk of chronic diseases, multimorbidity, and mental health issues, which can significantly affect the quality of life. However, national data on older people in Saudi Arabia remain limited.AimThis study aims to profile older people in Saudi Arabia during the years 2022–2023, focusing on their demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, health conditions, and lifestyle behaviors.MethodsData were drawn from the Sharik Health Indicators Surveillance System (SHISS) 2022–2023, a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted through phone interviews. The final analysis included 2,702 participants aged 60 years and older. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize demographic, health, and behavioral data.ResultsThe study revealed that over half (52%) of the participants had two or more chronic conditions, with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes being the most common. Mental health assessments indicated that 17.7% of older people were at risk of depression, and another 17.7% were at risk of anxiety. Additionally, the study found low adherence to healthy behaviors, with only 11.1% meeting the recommended fruit and vegetable intake and 20.1% engaging in sufficient physical activity. Furthermore, 67% of older people were classified as overweight or obese.ConclusionOlder people in Saudi Arabia face significant health challenges, including high rates of multimorbidity, mental health risks, and poor lifestyle behaviors. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted health interventions and educational programs tailored to older people, aiming to improve their quality of life and contribute to the national goals outlined in Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030.
Chronic Inflammation and Glycemic Control: Exploring the Bidirectional Link Between Periodontitis and Diabetes
Authors: Ranbhise Jyotsna Suresh , Ju Songhyun , Singh Manish Kumar , Han Sunhee , Akter Salima , Ha Joohun , Choe Wonchae , Kim Sung Soo , Kang Insug 
Published: February 2025

Periodontitis and diabetes mellitus are two highly prevalent chronic conditions that share a bidirectional relationship, significantly impacting public health. Periodontitis, a gum inflammation caused by microbial dysbiosis, aggravates glycemic control in diabetics, while uncontrolled diabetes heightens periodontitis severity. These conditions create a vicious cycle, where inflammation and microbial dysbiosis mutually drive disease progression, exacerbating systemic health. The underlying mechanisms involve inflammation, immune dysfunction, and microbial dysbiosis, with both diseases contributing to a chain of chronic inflammation that exacerbates systemic health. This relationship is significant because managing one condition can significantly impact the other. In diabetic individuals, interventions such as periodontal therapy have shown effectiveness in improving glycemic control, underscoring the potential of integrated strategies for managing these conditions simultaneously. In this review, we highlight the importance of a deeper understanding of the molecular and immunological interactions between these diseases is essential for developing integrated therapeutic approaches, with the potential to enhance the quality of life of the patient significantly.
Prevalência de bactérias patogênicas em peixes abatidos por meio da pesca subaquática
Authors: Coelho Willian Marinho Dourado , Santos Gisele de Carvalho Apolinário , Spada Júlio César Pereira , Storti Silvia Maria Marinho , Rodrigues Bruno Freitas , Lima Carlos Henrique Estelato , Mazieiro Izabela , Freitas João Felipe Azambuja de , Silva Juniely Paniago da , Minin Raquel Elisa Lacal da Cunha 
Published: February 2025

Atualmente a pesca subaquática tem se destacado como um dos principais meios para a captura de peixes a partir da utilização de técnicas de mergulho com a utilização de petrechos que envolve o uso de arpões, sendo classificada como uma modalidade de pesca não esportiva. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar a prevalência de bactérias patogênicas na carne de peixes abatidos com o uso de arpões na prática da pesca subaquática. Diferentes espécies de peixes foram capturadas com uso de arpão nos rios Tietê e Paraná, região noroeste do estado de São Paulo. Os peixes abatidos ficaram presos em fieiras dentro da água durante todo o período da pesca até o momento das análises laboratoriais, sendo observado estado de rigor mortis em 100% destes animais. Durante necropsia do peixe foi constatada a perfuração dos órgãos internos, incluindo estômago e intestinos resultando em extravasamento de conteúdo gastrintestinal e consequente contaminação da carne dos peixes. Foi realizado coleta de material com o uso de swab estéril nos orifícios de entrada e de saída do arpão, bem como da carne do peixe, sendo este material transferido para placas de cultura microbiológica. Foram isoladas numerosas colônias de bactérias como Enterococcus faecalis, Edwardsiella tarda, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria spp., Salmonella spp. e Vibrio spp. Resistência bacteriana foi constatada para a maioria dos antibióticos testados sendo que apenas a doxiciclina e a ceftriaxona foram eficazes no teste de sensibilidade. Pode-se concluir com esta pesquisa que o modo de captura e armazenamento dos peixes obtidos por meio da pesca subaquática com o uso de arpão promove a contaminação da carne do pescado, sendo contraindicado o seu consumo, especialmente no preparo de alimentos crus ou mal cozidos devido ao risco da transmissão de patógenos aos consumidores.