bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Sysmex UF-1000i® urine flow cytometer in the diagnostic work-up of suspected urinary tract infection in a Dutch general hospital
Authors: van der Zwet Wil C. , Hessels Jan , Canbolat Fatih , Deckers Martine M.L. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract

Background: Automation and standardization of sediment analysis of urine samples by flow cytometry might serve as an alternative to labor-intensive laboratory methods, such as microscopic examination and culture. The Sysmex UF-1000i is a urine flow cytometer that uses two separate channels for counting blood cells and bacteria.

Methods: In this study, 358 urine samples were analyzed with the Sysmex UF-1000i in parallel with manual microscopy, Gram stain and bacterial culture, the latter considered the gold standard.

Results: Reproducibility for detection of white and red blood cells and bacteria was good, while detection of yeast proved unreliable. Depending on the definition of urinary tract in-fection (UTI) used, the negative predictive value and the per-centage of false-negative results were 100% and 0% [UTI ≥ 105 colony forming units (CFU)/mL] and 99% and 1.3%, (UTI ≥104 CFU/mL), respectively. Pre-screening with the Sysmex UF-1000i would have resulted in a reduction of bacterial culture by 42%. Carry over of bacteria between consecutive samples due to the use of fixed sample needle was observed, but did not result in false-positive interpretation of Sysmex UF-1000i results. Because of the occurrence of carry over, samples that have been analyzed with the Sysmex UF-1000i cannot be used for subsequent urine culture.

Conclusions: In conclusion, the Sysmex UF-1000i offers the possibility for screening high numbers of urine samples in a fast and standardized way, resulting in a reduction in workload and speeding the diagnostic process. It is not recommended for use in complicated patient populations, such as neutropenic patients and patients in whom yeast infection is suspected.
Clin Chem Lab Med 2010;48:1765–71.
Route of Antigen Uptake Differentially Impacts Presentation by Dendritic Cells and Activated Monocytes
Authors: Kamphorst Alice O. , Guermonprez Pierre , Dudziak Diana , Nussenzweig Michel C. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs), which maintain tolerance and orchestrate T cell immune responses, comprise a heterogeneous group of cells. For example, in the steady state, murine spleen contains pre-DC–derived CD8+ and CD8− conventional DCs. During inflammation, monocytes become activated and acquire some DC-like features, such as expression of CD11c and MHC class II. Although each of these cell types can present Ag, the relative efficiency of processing and presentation after Ag capture by different routes has not yet been systematically compared. To this end, we administered OVA to various conventional DCs and activated monocytes by receptor-mediated endocytosis, pinocytosis, or phagocytosis and measured internalization and presentation to MHC class I- and MHC class II-restricted T cells. We find that CD8− DCs are more efficient than any other type of APC tested in terms of presenting Ag to MHC class II-restricted T cells, irrespective of the route of Ag capture. In contrast, both subsets of splenic DCs are highly effective in cross-presenting Ags to CD8+ T cells. DCs and activated monocytes cross-presented Ags delivered by DEC205-mediated endocytosis and pinocytosis. However, DCs differ from activated monocytes in that the latter are several orders of magnitude less efficient in presenting Ags captured by phagocytosis to CD8+ or CD4+ T cells. We conclude that DCs derived from pre-DCs differ from monocyte-derived cells in that DCs process and present Ags efficiently irrespective of the route of Ag capture. Our observations have significant implications for understanding initiation of immune responses and vaccination strategies targeting DCs and activated monocytes.
Effect of gamma ray irradiation on processability and properties of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
Authors: Fan Ping , Cao Zheng , Zou Huawei , Luo Liqin , Liu Pengbo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractUltra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been widely used in many fields due to its outstanding properties. However, it is virtually impossible to be processed by the conventional method due to its high molecular weight and very tight chain entanglement. To solve this problem, a new method was proposed in this article. Gamma ray irradiation was adopted to cause the oxidation degradation of UHMWPE. The degraded products which generated in situ and dispersed in UHMWPE evenly were utilized as self‐lubricant and heat transfer intermediary. These low molecular weight fractions thus could improve the processability of UHMWPE. The effects of irradiation dose on the structure and properties of UHMWPE were studied by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, gel content measurement, wide angle x‐ray diffraction (WAXD), Haake torque rheometer, mechanical properties measurements and sliding wear tests. The experimental results showed that gamma ray irradiation caused oxidation degradation of UHMWPE. Under appropriate irradiation condition, the processability of UHMWPE could be improved substantially while most of its excellent properties could be kept. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synthesis in inverse emulsion and decolorization properties of hydrophobically modified cationic polyelectrolyte
Authors: Shang Hongzhou , Zheng Yubin , Liu Jianping 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPoly(acrylamide‐diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride‐vinyl trimethoxy silane) [P (AM‐DADMAC‐VTMS)] was prepared by inverse free‐radical emulsion polymerization technique. VTMS segment was hydrolyzed and condensed to form three dimensional networks. The effects of different factors, such as hydrophobic monomer feed ratio, cationic monomer feed ratio, pH value, and NaCl concentration, on decolorization efficiency were studied. Moreover, the decolorization mechanism was also explained by analyzing FTIR spectra and UV‐vis spectra. The introduction of VTMS on flocculant enhanced removal efficiency of dye molecules. With the increasing VTMS, adsorption and net roofing‐sweeping action of hydrophobically modified cationic polyacrylamide played the dominant role in the decoloring process of anion dye. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Polyolefin‐based nanocomposite: The effects of processing aids
Authors: Santos K. S. , Castel C. Dal , Liberman S. A. , Oviedo M. A. S. , Mauler R. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPP/organoclay nanocomposites were prepared using different processing aids (EMCA and PPG), and their effects on the thermal and mechanical properties were evaluated by WAXD, TEM, SEM, DSC, and mechanical tests. This study helps to clarify the effects of processing aids on the organoclay surface and on the intercalation and exfoliation processes. Nanocomposites with elongated intercalated and partially exfoliated structures were obtained, mainly when C‐15A was used. The results for the mechanical properties showed that the processing aids increased the impact strength significantly (up to three times that of neat PP) but reduced the flexural modulus of PP nanocomposites. PPG, which is polar promoted wetting MMT surface, thus increasing its interlayer distance, mainly for PP/C‐20A nanocomposites. However, it reduced the interfacial adhesion between the clay and the matrix. Nanocomposites impact strength was improved, especially when the C‐15A organoclay was used, while were achieved better results with the C‐20A organoclay when EMCA was used. The larger the amount of processing aid added, the higher the impact strength, but the lower the flexural modulus of the nanocomposites. PPG caused debonding of the clay particles and increased the number of microvoids, generating more mechanisms to aid in the energy dissipation of the systems. EMCA promoted debonding of clay particles with the formation of fibrils, indicating stronger interactions between the clay and matrix. A slight nucleation effect for PP crystallization was observed, mainly when EMCA was used. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Compatibilization and toughening of immiscible ternary blends of polyamide 6, polypropylene (or a propylene—Ethylene copolymer), and polystyrene
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Dong , Zhang Jia‐Min , Xie Xu‐Ming 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this work, typical ternary blends of three versatile polymers—polyamide 6, a propylene–ethylene copolymer (co‐PP), and polystyrene—were studied. As a compatibilizer, co‐PP with randomly dispersed minor ethylene units was multimonomer‐melt‐grafted in the presence of maleic anhydride, styrene, and dicumyl peroxide. The influence of the ethylene content in co‐PP and the blend composition on the performance was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy images showed an obvious decrease in the droplet size of the dispersed phase with increases in the compatibilizer content and number of ethylene units in co‐PP. Peaks of tan δ/temperature curves approaching the glass‐transition temperatures of the components were observed with dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The improved mechanical properties implied good compatibility of the components in the blends. Significant toughening was achieved when the concentration of co‐PP was increased from 15 to 25 wt %: the elongation at break of the compatibilized blends increased dozens of times in comparison with the elongation at break of the uncompatibilized blends. The introduction of the multimonomer‐melt‐grafted co‐PP was shown to be an effective approach for improving immiscible multipolymer blends and to have practical potential. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Crystallization kinetics of polypropylene composites filled with nano calcium carbonate modified with maleic anhydride
Authors: Huang Hai , Han Bing , Wang Lei , Miao Ning , Mo Hong , Zhou Ning‐Lin , Ma Zhen‐Mao , Zhang Jun , Shen Jian 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe subject of this study was the crystallization behavior and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP)/maleic anhydride (MAH) modified nano calcium carbonate (nano‐CaCO3) composites. In this study, 5 wt % nano‐CaCO3 modified with different contents of MAH was filled into a PP matrix. X‐ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry were used to characterize the crystal morphology and crystallization kinetics of a series of composites. The results demonstrate that the nano‐CaCO3 modified with MAH had an important effect on the thermal and morphological properties of the nanocomposites. The Avrami exponent of the pure PP was an integer, but those of the composites were not integers, but the crystallization rate constant decreased as the content of MAH in the nano‐CaCO3 filler increased in isothermal crystallization. In nonisothermal crystallization, the kinetic parameter F(T) and the degree of crystallinity of pure PP were compared with those of the PP composites filled with nano‐CaCO3. We suggest that heterogeneous nucleation existed in the PP composites and that the transformation and retention of the β‐form crystal into the α‐form crystal took place in the composite system and the β‐form crystal had a higher nucleation rate and growth process than the α‐form crystal in the PP composites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Separation of ethylene glycol–water mixtures with composite poly(vinyl alcohol)–polypropylene membranes
Authors: Shahverdi Mahnaz , Mohammadi Toraj , Pak Afshin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractComposite membranes consisting of a crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA) active layer on top of a porous polypropylene (PP) support were prepared with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking reagent. The degree of crosslinking and the thickness of the active layer were determined with attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The membranes were used in the pervaporation dehydration of ethylene glycol (EG)–water mixtures. The effects of the crosslinker content and operational conditions, including feed EG concentration and operating temperature, on the permeation flux and selectivity of the PVA–PP composite membranes were investigated. We observed that the dehydration of a 80 wt % EG mixture at temperature of 60°C, a feed flow rate of 1.5 L/min, and a vacuum pressure of 10 mmHg could be effectively performed, and a moderate permeation flux and a high separation factor were obtained, that is, 0.91 kg m−2 h−1 and 1021, respectively. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Study on general stability and stabilizability of linear discrete‐time stochastic systems
Authors: Hou Ting , Zhang Weihai , Chen Bor‐Sen 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWith the aid of spectrum technique, a new concept called “
𝒟(0, α)‐stabilizability” (0<α≤1) is introduced, for which a necessary and sufficient condition is also proposed via a linear matrix inequality (LMI)‐based approach. Especially, 𝒟(0, α)‐stabilizability is identical with asymptotic mean square stabilizability when α=1. A more general regional stability called “ 𝒟R‐stability” is discussed extensively and some concrete examples are given. As applications, the relationship among 𝒟(0, α;β)‐stability, the decay rate of the system state response and the second‐order moment Lyapunov exponent is revealed.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Multisensory processing in children with autism: high‐density electrical mapping of auditory–somatosensory integration
Authors: Russo Natalie , Foxe John J. , Brandwein Alice B. , Altschuler Ted , Gomes Hilary , Molholm Sophie 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSuccessful integration of signals from the various sensory systems is crucial for normal sensory–perceptual functioning, allowing for the perception of coherent objects rather than a disconnected cluster of fragmented features. Several prominent theories of autism suggest that automatic integration is impaired in this population, but there have been few empirical tests of this thesis. A standard electrophysiological metric of multisensory integration (MSI) was used to test the integrity of auditory–somatosensory integration in children with autism (N=17, aged 6–16 years), compared to age‐ and IQ‐matched typically developing (TD) children. High‐density electrophysiology was recorded while participants were presented with either auditory or somatosensory stimuli alone (unisensory conditions), or as a combined auditory–somatosensory stimulus (multisensory condition), in randomized order. Participants watched a silent movie during testing, ignoring concurrent stimulation. Significant differences between neural responses to the multisensory auditory–somatosensory stimulus and the unisensory stimuli (the sum of the responses to the auditory and somatosensory stimuli when presented alone) served as the dependent measure. The data revealed group differences in the integration of auditory and somatosensory information that appeared at around 175 ms, and were characterized by the presence of MSI for the TD but not the autism spectrum disorder (ASD) children. Overall, MSI was less extensive in the ASD group. These findings are discussed within the framework of current knowledge of MSI in typical development as well as in relation to theories of ASD.
Catalysis by Dihydrofolate Reductase from the Psychropiezophile Moritella profunda
Authors: Evans Rhiannon M. , Behiry Enas M. , Tey Lai‐Hock , Guo Jiannan , Loveridge E. Joel , Allemann Rudolf K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe influence of temperature and pH on the stability and catalytic activity of dihydrofolate reductase (MpDHFR) from the cold‐adapted deep‐sea bacterium Moritella profunda was studied. The thermal melting temperature was found to be ∼38 °C and was not affected by pH, while activity measurements demonstrated that its stability was maximal at pH 7 and was reduced dramatically below pH 6 or above pH 8. The steady‐state rate constant (kcat) was maximal at neutral pH and higher temperatures, while the Michaelis constants (KM) for both substrate and cofactor were optimal at lower temperatures and at elevated or reduced pH. For both temperature and pH, any change in kcat was therefore offset by a similar change in KM. Both the activation enthalpy and entropy of the MpDHFR‐catalysed reaction were lower than those of DHFR from E. coli leading overall to a very small difference in activation free energy and therefore similar steady‐state rate constants at the same temperature. The chemical step of the reaction is not rate limiting at pH 7, but becomes progressively more rate limiting as the pH increases. These results demonstrate adaptation of MpDHFR to its environment and show compromises between enthalpic and entropic contributions to the reaction, and between kcat and KM.
Synthesis of 2‐Isoxazolines: Enantioselective and Racemic Methods Based on Conjugate Additions of Oximes
Authors: Pohjakallio Antti , Pihko Petri M. , Laitinen Ulla M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe formation of 3‐unsubstituted 2‐isoxazolines by means of condensation reactions between α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes and oximes proceeds readily in the presence of catalytic amounts of anilinium salts. Mechanistically, the process involves a fast conjugate addition of the oxime and a slower intramolecular oxime‐transfer reaction. The rate of oxime transfer was found to correlate with the acidity of the catalyst. This finding enabled us to discover an enantioselective process in which the fragile conjugate‐addition product generated in the first stage is rapidly cyclized into the stable isoxazoline under acidic conditions, with conservation of enantiomeric excess. In summary, herein we describe synthetically useful protocols for accessing 3‐unsubstituted 2‐isoxazolines in both the enantioselective and racemic manner. The mechanism of the condensation reaction catalyzed by the anilinium salt was also investigated by NMR spectroscopy experiments in which the effect of differently substituted aldehydes and oximes as well as water on the reaction rate was studied. The results point to the rate‐limiting elimination of water from the 3‐hydroxy‐2‐isoxazolidine intermediate.
Chemical Bonding in Compounds of the CuAl2 Family: MnSn2, FeSn2 and CoSn2
Authors: Armbrüster Marc , Schnelle Walter , Cardoso‐Gil Raul , Grin Yuri 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA model for the chemical bonding in the isostructural intermetallic compounds MnSn2, FeSn2 and CoSn2, crystallising in the CuAl2‐type structure, is developed. The description is based on quantum‐chemical calculations applying the electron localisability approach as well as on experimental results obtained from Raman spectroscopy, Hall effect and electrical resistivity measurements on oriented single crystals. The analysis of the chemical bonding reveals four different covalent interactions leading to the formation of interpenetrating 63 nets of tin and chains of transition‐metal atoms T (T=Mn, Fe or Co) along [001], which are interconnected by three‐centre bonds. Polarised Raman measurements on oriented single crystals allowed the determination of the bond strengths, resulting in a bond order of 0.5 within the 63 nets, while the three‐centre interactions show bond orders of up to 1. Measurements show a metal‐like temperature dependence of the resistivity. A comparison of the results with the bonding models obtained for the isostructural compounds CuAl2, TiSb2 and VSb2 reveals the influence of the main‐group element on the connectivity pattern.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Properties of CdO/CdTe Thin Film Solar Cells.
Authors: SRAVANI C. , REDDY K. T. R. , REDDY P. J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Study on Reactions in the System Mn2O3‐P2O5‐H2O by the Tin Layer Method.
Authors: SELEVICH A. F. , LESNIKOVICH A. I. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Structure of a New Modification of Manganese Ultraphosphate.
Authors: MURASHOVA E. V. , CHUDINOVA N. N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure of a New Ternary Germanide, ErNi3Ge2.
Authors: OLEKSYN O. YA. , BODAK O. I. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Some Substituted trans‐Cinnamic Acids by Pyridinium Chlorochromate ‐ A Non‐Linear Hammett Plot.
Authors: MOHAN R. T. S. , GOPALAKRISHNAN M. , SEKAR M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetics and Mechanism of Os(VIII)‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Some Substituted trans‐Cinnamic Acids by Chloramine‐T in Alkaline Medium ‐ A Non‐Linear Hammett Plot.
Authors: MOHAN R. T. S. , GOPALAKRISHNAN M. , SEKAR M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The High‐Resolution Infrared Spectrum of Chloroacetylene ‐ Low‐ Wavenumber Modes.
Authors: MCNAUGHTON D. , SHALLARD M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High‐Resolution FTIR Study of the ν2 Band System of Monobromoacetylene.
Authors: HALONEN M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Millimeter‐Wave Rotational Spectrum of 2‐Chloroacrylonitrile.
Authors: KISIEL Z. , PSZCZOLKOWSKI L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.