bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and clinical outcomes of endovascular therapy versus medical management in late presentation of large ischemic stroke
Authors: Mujanovic Adnan , Strbian Daniel , Demeestere Jelle , Marto João Pedro , Puetz Volker , Nogueira Raul G , Abdalkader Mohamad , Nagel Simon , Raymond Jean , Ribo Marc , Michel Patrik , Yoshimura Shinichi , Zaidat Osama O , Winzer Simon , Ortega-Gutierrez Santiago , Sheth Sunil A , Siegler James E , Dusart Anne , Haussen Diogo C , Henon Hilde , Serrallach Bettina L , Mohammaden Mahmoud H , Möhlenbruch Markus A , Olive-Gadea Marta , Puri Ajit S , Sakai Nobuyuki , Klein Piers , Tomppo Liisa , Caparros Francois , Ramos João Nuno , Jumaa Mouhammad , Zaidi Syed , Dobrocky Tomas , Martinez-Majander Nicolas , Nannoni Stefania , Bellante Flavio , Rodriguez-Calienes Aaron , Salazar-Marioni Sergio , Virtanen Pekka , Kaiser Daniel PO , Ventura Rita , Jesser Jessica , Castonguay Alicia C , Qureshi Muhammad M , Masoud Hesham E , Galecio-Castillo Milagros , Requena Manuel , Lauha Riikka , Hu Wei , Lin Eugene , Miao Zhongrong , Roy Daniel , Yamagami Hiroshi , Seiffge David J , Strambo Davide , Ringleb Peter A , Lemmens Robin , Fischer Urs , Nguyen Thanh N , Kaesmacher Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: The benefit of endovascular therapy (EVT) among stroke patients with large ischemic core (ASPECTS 0–5) in the extended time window outside of trial settings remains unclear. We analyzed the effect of EVT among these stroke patients in real-world settings. Patients and methods: The CT for Late Endovascular Reperfusion (CLEAR) study recruited patients from 66 centers in 10 countries between 01/2014 and 05/2022. The extended time-window was defined as 6–24 h from last-seen-well to treatment. The primary outcome was shift of the 3-month modified Rankin scale (mRS) score. Safety outcomes included symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and mortality. Outcomes were analyzed with ordinal and logistic regressions. Results: Among 5098 screened patients, 2451 were included in the analysis (median age 73, 55% women). Of patients with ASPECTS 0–5 ( n = 310), receiving EVT ( n = 209/310) was associated with lower 3-month mRS when compared to medical management (median 4 IQR 3–6 vs 6 IQR 4–6; aOR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2–0.7). Patients undergoing EVT had higher sICH (11.2% vs 4.0%; aOR 4.1, 95% CI 1.2–18.8) and lower mortality (31.6% vs 58.4%, aOR 0.4; 95% CI 0.2–0.9) compared to medically managed patients. The relative benefit of EVT was comparable between patients with ASPECTS 0 and 5 and 6–10 in the extended time window (interaction aOR 0.9; 95% CI 0.5–1.7). Conclusion: In the extended time window, patients with ASPECTS 0–5 may have preserved relative treatment benefit of EVT compared to patients with ASPECTS 6–10. These findings are in line with recent trials showing benefit of EVT among real-world patients with large ischemic core in the extended time window. Trial registration number: clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT04096248
Electronic-Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (e-SBIRT) for Addictive Disorders: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Jones Matthew , Seel Christopher J. , Dymond Simon 
Published: May 2024

Background: Addictive disorders are significant global public health burdens. Treatment uptake with these disorders is low and outcomes can be mixed. Electronic screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (e-SBIRT) programs have potential to improve uptake and treatment outcomes. To date, however, no prior review of the literature has been conducted to gauge the effectiveness of e-SBIRT for addictive disorders. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature concerning e-SBIRT for addictive disorders by surveying the MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and PsycInfo databases on January 17, 2023. Results: Ten articles were included at analysis reporting evaluation of e-SBIRT interventions for substance use disorders including alcohol use in a variety of settings. No articles were identified regarding treatment for behavioral addictions such as disordered/harmful gambling. Meta-analysis found e-SBIRT to be effective at reducing drinking frequency in the short term only. e-SBIRT was not found to be advantageous over control conditions for abstinence or other treatment outcomes. We identified and described common components of e-SBIRT programs and assessed the quality of available evidence, which was generally poor. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that research regarding e-SBIRT is concentrated exclusively on higher-risk substance use. There is a lack of consensus regarding the effectiveness of e-SBIRT for addictive disorders. Although common features exist, e-SBIRT designs are variable, which complicates identification of the most effective components. Overall, the quality of outcome evidence is low, and furthermore, high-quality experimental treatment evaluation research is needed.
Using historical data to access the surface subsidence in the vegetable belt of the Three Lakes Region, Switzerland
Authors: Roeoesli Claudia , Egli Markus 
Published: May 2024

Abstrac﻿tThe ‘Grosses Moos’ in the Three Lakes Region (Berner Seeland) was formed by the Wallis glacier resulting in a peat bog-dominated landscape. During the last two centuries this area was drained by a complex channel system to enable highly fertile agricultural activity. As such, the region is the vegetable belt of Switzerland. However, as the peat has degraded due to overexploitation, the situation for agriculture production has become critical. Consequently, measures are needed to prevent soil degradation and water accumulation. The extent of surface changes for the last ~ 100 years is, however, not precisely known and is assumed to have varied spatially. To understand the historical evolution of this area, we used a unique map from 1920 to compare the surface height with the newest digital terrain models (DTM) in order to estimate surface subsidence, and thus soil degradation, for the last 100 years. More than 44,000 single measurement points drawn on the historical map were digitized to derive the DTM that served as a basis for further analysis. The in-depth investigation of the observation methods and the accuracy assessment allows us to conclude that differences in the DTMs of up to 2.4 m (i.e., averaged rate of 2.4 cm yr−1) can be attributed to large-scale soil subsidence and that degradation was heterogeneously distributed over the investigated area. The data provide the basis for further soil restoration efforts in the area.
Ferroptosis is a protective factor for the prognosis of cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shen , Tao Kai , Yun Hong , Yang Jiaqing , Meng Yuanling , Zhang Fan , Ma Xuelei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Cancer is a leading global cause of death. Conventional cancer treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have associated side effects. Ferroptosis, a nonapoptotic and iron-dependent cell death, has been identified and differs from other cell death types. Research has shown that ferroptosis can promote and inhibit tumor growth, which may have prognostic value. Given the unclear role of ferroptosis in cancer biology, this meta-analysis aims to investigate its impact on cancer prognosis.

Methods
This systematic review and meta-analysis conducted searches on PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases. Eight retrospective studies were included to compare the impact of ferroptosis inhibition and promotion on cancer patient prognosis. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Studies lacking clear descriptions of hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for OS and PFS were excluded. Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression were performed on the included study data to assess prognosis differences between the experimental and control groups. Meta-analysis results included HR and 95% confidence intervals.
This study has been registered with PROSPERO, CRD 42023463720 on September 27, 2023.

Results
A total of 2,446 articles were screened, resulting in the inclusion of 5 articles with 938 eligible subjects. Eight studies were included in the meta-analysis after bias exclusion. The meta-analysis, after bias exclusion, demonstrated that promoting ferroptosis could increase cancer patients’ overall survival (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.21–0.44) and progression-free survival (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.16–0.44) compared to ferroptosis inhibition. The results showed moderate heterogeneity, suggesting that biological activities promoting cancer cell ferroptosis are beneficial for cancer patient’s prognosis.

Conclusions
This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that the promotion of ferroptosis yields substantial benefits for cancer prognosis. These findings underscore the untapped potential of ferroptosis as an innovative anti-tumor therapeutic strategy, capable of addressing challenges related to drug resistance, limited therapeutic efficacy, and unfavorable prognosis in cancer treatment.

Registration
CRD42023463720.
Discontinuation of HIV oral pre-exposure prophylaxis: findings from programmatic surveillance within two general population HIV programs in Nigeria
Authors: Anyasi Helen , Idemudia Augustine , Badru Titilope , Onyegbule Stanley , Isang Etiemana , Sanwo Olusola , Pandey Satish Raj , Chiegil Robert , Bateganya Moses , Schwartz Katie , Njuguna Njambi , Persaud Navindra , Plotkin Marya , Iyortim Isa , Khamofu Hadiza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
As oral PrEP scales up in Nigeria, information about uptake, use pattern and client preference in a real-world, implementation setting is invaluable to guide refining service provision and incorporation of oral PrEP and other prevention measures into routine health services. To add to this body of knowledge, our study examines factors associated with discontinuation of PrEP among HIV negative individuals across two large scale programs in Nigeria.

Methods
Using program implementation data from two large-scale HIV projects in Akwa Ibom and Cross River states in Nigeria between January 2020 and July 2021, we used logistic regression to explore factors associated with early discontinuation (i.e., stopping PrEP within one month of starting) among HIV-negative individuals who initiated PrEP in the programs.

Results
Of a total of 26,325 clients; 22,034 (84%) discontinued PrEP within the first month. The odds of PrEP discontinuation were higher among clients who enrolled in community-based distribution sites (aOR 2.72; 95% C.I: 2.50–2.96) compared to those who enrolled in program-supported facilities and never married (aOR 1.76; 95% C.I: 1.61–1.92) compared to married clients. Clients who initiated PrEP because of high-risk sexual behaviour (aOR 1.15, 95% C.I 1.03–1.30) or inconsistent use or non-use of condoms (aOR 1.96, 95% C.I 1.60–2.41) had greater odds of discontinuing PrEPthan those who initiated PrEP because they were in a serodifferent relationship.

Conclusion
The behavioural and demographic factors associated with early discontinuation of PrEP suggest that risk stratification of pre-initiation and follow up counselling may be helpful in raising continuation rates. On the service delivery side, strategies to strengthen follow-up services provided by community-based distribution sites need to be introduced. Overall, the low continuation rate calls for a review of programmatic approaches in provision of PrEP services in Nigeria.
Association of longitudinal trajectories of fasting plasma glucose with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among a Chinese older population: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Xuejiao , Ding Jiacheng , Shi Zhan , Bai Kaizhi , Shi Songhe , Tian Qingfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe association between fasting plasma glucose (FPG), an important indicator of overall glycemic status, and the risk of cardiovascular mortality has been well investigated. The longitudinal study can repeatedly collect measured results for the variables to be studied and then consider the potential effects of intraindividual changes in measurement. This study aimed to identify long-term FPG trajectories and investigate the association between trajectory groups and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. A latent class growth mixture modeling (LCGMM) was used to identify FPG trajectories. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate associations between FPG trajectories and the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. A U-shaped relationship between FPG and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality was observed in the restricted cubic spline regression models. Two FPG longitudinal trajectories of low-level (mean FPG = 5.12mmol/L) and high-level (mean FPG = 6.74mmol/L) were identified by LCGMM. After being adjusted for potential confounders, compared with the low-level category, the hazard ratios (HRs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were 1.23(1.16–1.30) and 1.25(1.16–1.35), respectively, for the high-level group. Long-term FPG trajectories are significantly associated with and potentially impact the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
From Slow Shifts to Fast Flips: Unraveling problem-based learning group function dynamics
Authors: Mellon Matthew , Dunn Nicholas , Azim Arden , Chan Teresa M. , Sibbald Matthew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Problem-Based Learning (PBL) relies on self-directed learning in small groups in the presence of a tutor. While the effectiveness of PBL is often attributed to the dynamics of group function, change in group function over time and factors influencing group function development are less understood. This study aims to explore the development of PBL group function over time to better understand the factors that give rise to high-functioning groups.

Method
We examined time-function graphs of group function and conducted semi-structured focus group discussions in 2023 with medical students enrolled in a PBL curriculum. Students reflected on their experiences in four different PBL groups, creating time-function graphs to characterize development of group function over 8–12-week periods. We analyzed graphs and transcripts in a staged approach using qualitative description and direct content analysis, sensitized by two frameworks: Tuckman’s Stages of Group Development and the Dimensions of PBL Group Function.

Results
Three archetypes of PBL group function development were identified: Slow Shifters, Fast Flippers, and Coasters. (1) Slow Shifters were characterized by a complex and extended pattern of growth consistent with Tuckman’s model, typically occurring amongst inexperienced groups, or groups faced with a novel task. (2) Fast Flippers were characterized by abrupt state changes in group function arising from internal or external disruptions. (3) Coasters were characterized by plateaus, where maintenance of group function was a frequently cited challenge. Abrupt changes and plateaus occurred more among mature groups and groups with significant PBL experience.

Conclusions
PBL group function varies over time in 3 different patterns. Classic Tuckman’s stages are apparent among inexperienced groups, or groups facing novel tasks, whereas experienced groups often face abrupt change or plateaus. PBL educators and students should consider the need for novelty and disruption in more experienced groups to incite growth.
Metabolomics reveals metabolites associated with hair follicle cycle in cashmere goats
Authors: Ma Shengchao , Cao Wenzhi , Ma Xiaolin , Ye Xiaofang , Qin Chongkai , Li Bin , Liu Wenna , Lu Qingwei , Wu Cuiling , Fu Xuefeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The hair follicle is a skin accessory organ that regulates hair development, and its activity varies on a regular basis. However, the significance of metabolites in the hair follicle cycle has long been unknown.

Results
Targeted metabolomics was used in this investigation to reveal the expression patterns of 1903 metabolites in cashmere goat skin during anagen to telogen. A statistical analysis was used to investigate the potential associations between metabolites and the hair follicle cycle. The findings revealed clear changes in the expression patterns of metabolites at various phases and in various feeding models. The majority of metabolites (primarily amino acids, nucleotides, their metabolites, and lipids) showed downregulated expression from anagen (An) to telogen (Tn), which was associated with gene expression, protein synthesis and transport, and cell structure, which reflected, to some extent, that the cells associated with hair follicle development are active in An and apoptotic in An–Tn. It is worth mentioning that the expression of vitamin D3 and 3,3’,5-triiodo-L-thyronine decreased and then increased, which may be related to the shorter and longer duration of outdoor light, which may stimulate the hair follicle to transition from An to catagen (Cn). In the comparison of different hair follicle development stages (An, Cn, and Tn) or feeding modes (grazing and barn feeding), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that common differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) (2’-deoxyadenosine, L-valine, 2’-deoxyuridine, riboflavin, cytidine, deoxyguanosine, L-tryptophan, and guanosine-5’-monophosphate) were enriched in ABC transporters. This finding suggested that this pathway may be involved in the hair follicle cycle. Among these DEMs, riboflavin is absorbed from food, and the expression of riboflavin and sugars (D-glucose and glycogen) in skin tissue under grazing was greater and lower than that during barn feeding, respectively, suggesting that eating patterns may also alter the hair follicle cycle.

Conclusions
The expression patterns of metabolites such as sugars, lipids, amino acids, and nucleotides in skin tissue affect hair follicle growth, in which 2’-deoxyadenosine, L-valine, 2’-deoxyuridine, riboflavin, cytidine, deoxyguanosine, L-tryptophan, and guanosine-5’-monophosphate may regulate the hair follicle cycle by participating in ABC transporters. Feeding practices may regulate hair follicle cycles by influencing the amount of hormones and vitamins expressed in the skin of cashmere goats.
A study on vertebral refracture and scoliosis after percutaneous kyphoplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures
Authors: Qi Zhichao , Zhao Shengli , Li Haonan , Wen Zhenxing , Chen Bailing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the association between scoliosis and vertebral refracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted on 269 patients meeting the criteria from January 2014 to October 2022. All patients underwent PKP with complete data and were followed-up for > 12 months. First, it was verified that scoliosis was a risk factor in 269 patients. Second, patients with scoliosis were grouped based on the Cobb angle to evaluate the impact of the post-operative angle. The cox proportional hazards regression analysis and survival analysis were used to calculate the hazard ratio and recurrence time.

Results
A total of 56 patients had scoliosis, 18 of whom experienced refractures after PKP. The risk factors for vertebral refractures included a T-score < − 3.0 and presence of scoliosis (both p < 0.001). The results indicated that the vertebral fractured arc (T10 − L4) was highly influential in scoliosis and vertebral fractures. When scoliotic and initially fractured vertebrae were situated within T10 − L4, the risk factors for vertebral refracture included a postoperative Cobb angle of ≥ 20° (p = 0.002) and an increased angle (p = 0.001). The mean recurrence times were 17.2 (10.7 − 23.7) months and 17.6 (7.9 − 27.3) months, respectively.

Conclusion
Osteoporosis combined with scoliosis significantly increases the risk of vertebral refractures after PKP in patients with OVCFs. A postoperative Cobb angle of ≥ 20° and an increased angle are significant risk factors for vertebral refractures when scoliotic and initially fractured vertebrae are situated within T10 − L4.
Genetic markers associated with the widespread insecticide resistance in malaria vector Anopheles funestus populations across Tanzania
Authors: Odero Joel O. , Nambunga Ismail H. , Masalu John P. , Mkandawile Gustav , Bwanary Hamis , Hape Emmanuel E. , Njalambaha Rukiyah M. , Tungu Patrick , Ngowo Halfan S. , Kaindoa Emmanuel W. , Mapua Salum A. , Kahamba Najat F. , Nelli Luca , Wondji Charles , Koekemoer Lizette L. , Weetman David , Ferguson Heather M. , Baldini Francesco , Okumu Fredros O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Anopheles funestus is a leading vector of malaria in most parts of East and Southern Africa, yet its ecology and responses to vector control remain poorly understood compared with other vectors such as Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles arabiensis. This study presents the first large-scale survey of the genetic and phenotypic expression of insecticide resistance in An. funestus populations in Tanzania.

Methods
We performed insecticide susceptibility bioassays on An. funestus mosquitoes in nine regions with moderate-to-high malaria prevalence in Tanzania, followed by genotyping for resistance-associated mutations (CYP6P9a, CYP6P9b, L119F-GSTe2) and structural variants (SV4.3 kb, SV6.5 kb). Generalized linear models were used to assess relationships between genetic markers and phenotypic resistance. An interactive R Shiny tool was created to visualize the data and support evidence-based interventions.

Results
Pyrethroid resistance was universal but reversible by piperonyl-butoxide (PBO). However, carbamate resistance was observed in only five of the nine districts, and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT) resistance was found only in the Kilombero valley, south-eastern Tanzania. Conversely, there was universal susceptibility to the organophosphate pirimiphos-methyl in all sites. Genetic markers of resistance had distinct geographical patterns, with CYP6P9a-R and CYP6P9b-R alleles, and the SV6.5 kb structural variant absent or undetectable in the north-west but prevalent in all other sites, while SV4.3 kb was prevalent in the north-western and western regions but absent elsewhere. Emergent L119F-GSTe2, associated with deltamethrin resistance, was detected in heterozygous form in districts bordering Mozambique, Malawi and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The resistance landscape was most complex in western Tanzania, in Tanganyika district, where all five genetic markers were detected. There was a notable south-to-north spread of resistance genes, especially CYP6P9a-R, though this appears to be interrupted, possibly by the Rift Valley.

Conclusions
This study underscores the need to expand resistance monitoring to include An. funestus alongside other vector species, and to screen for both the genetic and phenotypic signatures of resistance. The findings can be visualized online via an interactive user interface and could inform data-driven decision-making for resistance management and vector control. Since this was the first large-scale survey of resistance in Tanzania’s An. funestus, we recommend regular updates with greater geographical and temporal coverage.

Graphical Abstract