bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural, dynamic, and electrostatic properties of fully hydrated DMPC bilayers from molecular dynamics simulations accelerated with graphical processing units (GPUs)
Authors: Ganesan Narayan , Bauer Brad A. , Lucas Timothy R. , Patel Sandeep , Taufer Michela 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe present results of molecular dynamics simulations of fully hydrated DMPC bilayers performed on graphics processing units (GPUs) using current state‐of‐the‐art non‐polarizable force fields and a local GPU‐enabled molecular dynamics code named FEN ZI. We treat the conditionally convergent electrostatic interaction energy exactly using the particle mesh Ewald method (PME) for solution of Poisson's Equation for the electrostatic potential under periodic boundary conditions. We discuss elements of our implementation of the PME algorithm on GPUs as well as pertinent performance issues. We proceed to show results of simulations of extended lipid bilayer systems using our program, FEN ZI. We performed simulations of DMPC bilayer systems consisting of 17,004, 68,484, and 273,936 atoms in explicit solvent. We present bilayer structural properties (atomic number densities, electron density profiles), deuterium order parameters (SCD), electrostatic properties (dipole potential, water dipole moments), and orientational properties of water. Predicted properties demonstrate excellent agreement with experiment and previous all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations. We observe no statistically significant differences in calculated structural or electrostatic properties for different system sizes, suggesting the small bilayer simulations (less than 100 lipid molecules) provide equivalent representation of structural and electrostatic properties associated with significantly larger systems (over 1000 lipid molecules). We stress that the three system size representations will have differences in other properties such as surface capillary wave dynamics or surface tension related effects that are not probed in the current study. The latter properties are inherently dependent on system size. This contribution suggests the suitability of applying emerging GPU technologies to studies of an important class of biological environments, that of lipid bilayers and their associated integral membrane proteins. We envision that this technology will push the boundaries of fully atomic‐resolution modeling of these biological systems, thus enabling unprecedented exploration of meso‐scale phenomena (mechanisms, kinetics, energetics) with atomic detail at commodity hardware prices. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Heat shock factor 4a (HSF4a) represses HSF2 expression and HSF2‐mediated transcriptional activity
Authors: Kim Soo‐A , Yoon Jung‐Hoon , Ahn Sang‐Gun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHeat shock factors (HSFs) are the main transcriptional regulators of the stress‐induced expression of heat shock protein genes. HSF2, which is one of the HSFs, is activated during differentiation and development but it is unclear how they regulate during cellular processes. Here, we examined the role of HSF4a on the regulation of HSF2 in HEK 293 cells. We found that HSF2 levels are negatively correlated with HSF4a expression and that overexpression of HSF4a reduces hemin‐induced HSF2 mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, hemin‐induced activation of HSF2 was also markedly inhibited in HSF4a expressed cells. Immunoprecipitation assay showed that HSF2 binds to the oligomerization domain of HSF4a. Hemin treatment inhibited their interaction and induced localization of HSF2 and HSF4a in nuclear. In addition, we found that HSF4a or HSF4a DNA binding domain (117 aa) inhibited the activity of hemin‐induced HSP70 promoter. Consequently, HSF4a inhibits HSF2 expression or transcriptional activity through negative regulation of HSF2 binding to the HSP70 promoter. In summary, our findings suggest novel mechanisms of HSF2 regulation controlled by HSF4a. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 1–6, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Basigin interacts with both MCT1 and MCT2 in murine spermatozoa
Authors: Mannowetz Nadja , Wandernoth Petra , Wennemuth Gunther 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLactate is provided to spermatogenic cells by Sertoli cells as an energy substrate and its transport is regulated by H+‐monocarboxylate co‐transporters (MCTs). In the case of several cell types it is known that MCT1 is associated with basigin and MCT2 with embigin. Here we demonstrate co‐localization and co‐immunoprecipitation of basigin with both MCT1 and MCT2 in sperm, whereas no interaction with embigin was detectable. An investigation of the functional activity of MCT proteins revealed that it was mainly the application of L‐lactate which resulted in a decrease in pHi. The pHi changes were blocked with α‐cyano‐4‐OH cinnamate and the preference for L‐lactate—as opposed to D‐Lactate—was demonstrated by the determination of ATP after exposure to both lactate isomers. We propose that basigin interacts with MCT1 and MCT2 to locate them properly in the membrane of spermatogenic cells and that this may enable sperm to utilize lactate as an energy substrate contributing to cell survival. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2154–2162, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perspectives on healthcare reform: A year later, what more do we know?
Authors: Groszkruger Dan 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPPACA or the Affordable Care Act(1) was signed into law on March 23, 2010.(2) To many, the Affordable Care Act offers the promise of far greater access to high‐quality, affordable care. But to others, PPACA risks unsustainable cost increases, diminished freedoms, and irreparable harm to the world's finest healthcare delivery system. Which characterization will ultimately be proved correct? Or might the actual reforms surprise both proponents and skeptics? With a year of experience under our belts, it seems appropriate to ask: What more do we know about the new law, now?
Back to basics—just how much should a risk manager know about risk financing?
Authors: Miller Vivian B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWhether directly involved in development and implementation of the organization's risk financing program or not, risk management professionals, at the very least, need to be familiar with and understand the various risk financing strategies available to address all areas of exposure. This article addresses the types of coverages and risk financing options that should be considered when developing a comprehensive risk‐financing program, and why it is important for risk management professionals to have some knowledge about these products, in order for their true value to be fully appreciated.
Witness and Suspect Perceptions of Working Alliance and Interviewing Style
Authors: Vanderhallen Miet , Vervaeke Geert , Holmberg Ulf 
Published: July 2011

AbstractConsiderable emphasis is placed on the importance of building rapport when interviewing witnesses and suspects. Despite the abundant literature on the working alliance in therapeutic settings, however, few studies have addressed the topic of ‘rapport’ in investigative interviewing. Conceptual analysis revealed a number of similarities between the two constructs. This finding suggests the possible benefits of using the theoretical therapeutic construct and operationalisation of the working alliance in order to gain insight into the dynamics of investigative interviewing in a police context.The present study examines the perceptions of witnesses and suspects regarding the working alliance in actual interviews. It also considers their perceptions of interviewing style, which is another key element in investigative interviewing. In addition, the study investigates the relationship between the working alliance and the interview style. Self‐report questionnaires completed by investigators and interviewees showed significant differences between investigators and suspects and between witnesses and suspects with regard to perceptions of interview style and the working alliance during interviews. The results showed perceived interview style to be a predictor of the working alliance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Negative impact of leakage on survival of patients undergoing curative resection for advanced gastric cancer
Authors: Yoo Han Mo , Lee Han Hong , Shim Jung Ho , Jeon Hae Myung , Park Cho Hyun , Song Kyo Young 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesLeakage has been shown to adversely affect survival in patients undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal malignancies. However, the effect of leakage following radical gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer remains unclear.MethodsIn total, 478 patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent surgery with curative intent were reviewed. Anastomosis or duodenal stump leakage was diagnosed clinically or radiologically. Risk factors for leakage were evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. The impact of leakage on patient survival was analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsLeakage was diagnosed in 32 of 478 patients (6.7%); 14 patients (2.9%) exhibited esophagojejunal anastomotic leakage, 14 (2.9%) showed duodenal stump leakage, and four (0.8%) showed gastroduodenal anastomotic leakage. Poor performance status [odds ratio (OR): 4.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.80–8.93] and tumor location (OR: 3.74, 95% CI: 1.56–8.89) were risk factors for postoperative leakage. Overall mean survival of patients with leakage was significantly lower than that of patients without leakage (30.5 vs. 96.2 months; P < 0.001). Leakage was one of the independent predictive factor for overall survival [hazard ratio (HR): 3.58, 95% CI: 2.29–5.59].ConclusionsPostoperative inflammation due to leakage is a negative prognostic factor for patients with advanced gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:734–740. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Some aspects of TLC in homogenous magnetic fields
Authors: Malinowska Irena , Studziński Marek , Malinowski Henryk 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article consists of two parts. First part is a short review about the role of magnetic phenomena in natural environment, human surroundings, and his activities such as science, engineering, and medicine. The second part of the article presents a set of experiments, their results, and data obtained in a static homogenous magnetic field, generated by a pair of permanent magnets and outside it. Adsorption chromatographic systems were investigated: as chromatographed substances – polyaromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), as stationary phase – silica gel 60, as monocomponent mobile phases – n‐hexane, n‐heptane, n‐octane, and benzene were used and binary mobile phases n‐hydrocarbons – benzene. Magnetic field influences retention and efficiency of investigated chromatographic systems. Experimental data analysis (RF, N) allows us to propose some explanations of the differences between experiment results performed in induced magnetic field and outside it, and in consequence on the changes in the interfacial phenomena induced by field presence.
Examining How Attending Motivation and Satisfaction Affects the Loyalty for Attendees at Aboriginal Festivals
Authors: Lee Tsung Hung , Hsu Fung Yu 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTThis study examined the causal relationships between motivation, satisfaction and loyalty among attendees at aboriginal festivals. A total of 789 usable questionnaires were collected from two aboriginal festivals, Amis Ilisin and Saisiyat Pas‐taai. Data analyses were performed using SPSS 15.0 and LISREL 8.70 for Windows. The analytical results indicate that motivation directly affects satisfaction and indirectly affects loyalty, whereas satisfaction directly affects attendee loyalty at aboriginal festivals. Moreover, satisfaction significantly affects the loyalty of attendees at aboriginal festivals and is an important mediating variable in the behavioral model of aboriginal festivals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wine Tourism in Spain: Denomination of Origin Effects on Brand Equity
Authors: Gómez Mar , Molina Arturo 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTThis research focuses on the analysis of wine tourism in four Spanish regions. Specifically, its main purpose is the development of a model to study the influence of the denomination of origin brand image, as a regional brand, and destination image on wine tourism destination brand equity. Due to the importance of destination marketing strategies, this study has been carried out from the wine industry's perspective. The conclusions obtained are applicable to the tourist sector and, particularly, to those wineries that wish to start a new line of business: wine tourism. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors affecting detection probability of burrowing owls in southwest agroecosystem environments
Authors: Manning Jeffrey A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEstimating range‐wide population trends of western burrowing owls (Athene cunicularia) requires standardized survey protocols that correct for detection bias in environments that support large owl populations. High concentrations of owls exist in irrigated agroecosystems within the southwest United States, yet little is known about the factors that affect detection bias during owl surveys in these systems. I used closed‐population capture‐recapture models to evaluate 4 factors that could affect the probability of a surveyor detecting an owl activity center (i.e., nest burrow) during visual surveys where owls are the focal object and analyzed the relationship (linear or curvilinear) between specific factors and detection probability. I recorded 1,199 detections of owls from 132 capture‐recapture surveys within 12 sites of the Imperial Valley agroecosystem in California, USA between 16 April and 20 May 2006. I also conducted 96 time budget surveys throughout the day and used mixed linear models to evaluate the effect of each factor on probability of an owl activity center being available for detection (i.e., ≥1 owls above ground) during surveys. Model selection results indicated that detection probability was influenced by ambient air temperature interacting with wind speed. Detection probability followed a curvilinear relationship that resembled bell‐shaped curve along a temperature gradient, with the maximum detection probability shifting as a function of wind speed. At low temperatures, detection probability declined with increased wind speed, but this relationship was reversed at high temperatures, producing a 3‐dimensional pattern in detection probability characterized by a saddle‐shaped hyperbolic paraboloid response surface. The probability of an activity center being available for detection declined curvilinearly with increased temperature and explained 51% of the variation in detection probability. Given the broad range of detection probabilities, correcting visual survey counts for detection bias is necessary for comparing population estimates among regions and through time. Survey designs intended to estimate abundance of owls in southwest agroecosystems should incorporate methods to estimate and correct for variation in detection probability that include measurements of ambient temperature and wind speed for use as covariates. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Novel CO2 laser robotic controller outperforms experienced laser operators in tasks of accuracy and performance repeatability
Authors: Wong Yu‐Tung , Finley Charles C. , Giallo Joseph F. , Buckmire Robert A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To introduce a novel method of combining robotics and the CO2 laser micromanipulator to provide excellent precision and performance repeatability designed for surgical applications.Study Design:Pilot feasibility study.Methods:We developed a portable robotic controller that appends to a standard CO2 laser micromanipulator. The robotic accuracy and laser beam path repeatability were compared to six experienced users of the industry standard micromanipulator performing the same simulated surgical tasks. Helium‐neon laser beam video tracking techniques were employed.Results:The robotic controller demonstrated superiority over experienced human manual micromanipulator control in accuracy (laser path within 1 mm of idealized centerline), 97.42% (standard deviation [SD] 2.65%), versus 85.11% (SD 14.51%), P = .018; and laser beam path repeatability (area of laser path divergence on successive trials), 21.42 mm2 (SD 4.35 mm2) versus 65.84 mm2 (SD 11.93 mm2), P = .006.Conclusions:Robotic micromanipulator control enhances accuracy and repeatability for specific laser tasks. Computerized control opens opportunity for alternative user interfaces and additional safety features.
Diagnosis and treatment of congenital dilatation of Stensen's duct
Authors: Wang Yang , Yu Guang‐Yan , Huang Min‐Xian , Mao Chi , Zhang Lei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This study aimed to describe the diagnosis and management of congenital dilation of Stensen's duct (CDSD) in seven cases.Study Design:Retrospective study.Methods:We collected data including medical records, radiology, and histopathology findings and follow‐up for seven patients (four males) with CDSD. The mean age was 23.9 years (range, 2–72 years).Results:The clinical features of CDSD were the primary presentation of painless swelling in the cheek without an obvious cause that was unilateral or bilateral and occurred at any age, and a swelling along Stensen's duct. In patients without a history of inflammation, aggressive massage of the swelling could produce abundant intraoral salivary flow. Parotid sialography demonstrated a dilated Stensen's duct with a smooth margin but no obvious obstruction. All seven patients underwent superficial parotidectomy including the intact Stensen's duct. No patient showed recurrent swelling after a follow‐up of 6 to 65 months.Conclusions:CDSD is an uncommon congenital disorder of the parotid gland. Management with parotidectomy is effective.
Immunohistochemical characterization of human olfactory tissue
Authors: Holbrook Eric H. , Wu Enming , Curry William T. , Lin Derrick T. , Schwob James E. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The pathophysiology underlying human olfactory disorders is poorly understood because biopsying the olfactory epithelium (OE) can be unrepresentative and extensive immunohistochemical analysis is lacking. Autopsy tissue enriches our grasp of normal and abnormal olfactory immunohistology and guides the sampling of the OE by biopsy. Furthermore, a comparison of the molecular phenotype of olfactory epithelial cells between rodents and humans will improve our ability to correlate human histopathology with olfactory dysfunction.Study Design:An immunohistochemical analysis of human olfactory tissue using a comprehensive battery of proven antibodies.Methods:Human olfactory mucosa obtained from 21 autopsy specimens was analyzed with immunohistochemistry. The position and extent of olfactory mucosa was assayed by staining whole mounts (WMs) with neuronal markers. Sections of the OE were analyzed with an extensive group of antibodies directed against cytoskeletal proteins and transcription factors, as were surgical specimens from an esthesioneuroblastoma.Results:Neuron‐rich epithelium is always found inferior to the cribriform plate, even at advanced age, despite the interruptions in the neuroepithelial sheet caused by patchy respiratory metaplasia. The pattern of immunostaining with our antibody panel identifies two distinct types of basal cell progenitors in human OE similar to rodents. The panel also clarifies the complex composition of esthesioneuroblastoma.Conclusions:The extent of human olfactory mucosa at autopsy can easily be delineated as a function of age and neurologic disease. The similarities in human versus rodent OE will enable us to translate knowledge from experimental animals to humans and will extend our understanding of human olfactory pathophysiology.
An evaluation of preservation of residual hearing using the suprameatal approach for cochlear implantation
Authors: Postelmans Job T. F. , van Spronsen Erik , Grolman Wilko , Stokroos Robert J. , Tange Rinze A. , Maré Marcel J. , Dreschler Wouter A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The preservation of residual hearing has become a high priority in cochlear implant surgery. This study was designed to substantiate whether conservation of residual hearing can be preserved after cochlear implantation using the suprameatal approach.Study Design:Retrospective chart review.Methods:Retrospective chart review was performed in 109 severely to profoundly hearing impaired cochlear recipients who had some measurable hearing preoperatively. Subsequently, the pre‐ and postoperative pure‐tone thresholds were analyzed by three different analyses to observe the degree of hearing preservation.Results:Single‐subject results showed a complete conservation of residual hearing (change in pure‐tone average [ΔPTA] ≤ 10 dB) in 27 of 109 patients (24.7%). Partial conservation of residual hearing (ΔPTA > 10 dB) was observed in 77 patients (70.6%), but these percentages have been affected severely by ceiling effects. Furthermore, group‐subject results demonstrated that the median postoperative PTA was 11.7 dB worse than the preoperative PTA. For individual frequencies, the median deteriorations were 15, 20, 10, and 5 dB at 250, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 Hz, respectively. Stratification for the absence of postoperative hearing thresholds showed a conservation of measurable postoperative hearing levels in 17.4% of all study patients.Conclusions:The results of this study demonstrate that complete preservation of residual hearing is possible in a limited number of patients using the suprameatal approach technique for cochlear implantation. For a reliable analysis of the audiometric effects of cochlear implant surgery, it is important to take into account the ceiling effects, therefore using different calculation methods to estimate the accurate deterioration of hearing thresholds.
The right not to hear: The ethics of parental refusal of hearing rehabilitation
Authors: Byrd Serena , Shuman Andrew G. , Kileny Sharon , Kileny Paul R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractObjective:To explore the ethics of parental refusal of auditory–oral hearing rehabilitation.Study Design:Case study with medical ethical discussion and review.Methods:Two young siblings present with severe‐to‐profound congenital sensorineural hearing loss. The parents, both of whom have normal hearing and are fluent in sign language, have decided to raise their children with American Sign Language as their only form of communication. They have chosen not to pursue cochlear implantation nor support the use of hearing aids.Discussion:This case raises significant questions concerning whether hearing rehabilitation should be mandated, and if there are circumstances in which parental preferences should be questioned or overridden with regard to this issue. In addition, legal concerns may be raised regarding the possible need to file a report with Child Protective Services. Although similar cases involving the Deaf community have historically favored parental rights to forego hearing rehabilitation with either cochlear implantation or hearing aids, we explore whether conclusions should be different because the parents in this case are not hearing impaired.Conclusions:The ethics of parental rights to refuse hearing rehabilitation are complex and strikingly context‐dependent. A comprehensive appreciation of the medical, practical, and legal issues is crucial prior to intervening in such challenging situations.