bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Overflow Loss Network Model for Capacity Planning of a Perinatal Network
Authors: Asaduzzaman Md , Chaussalet Thierry J. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryA model framework is developed to solve capacity planning problems that are faced by many perinatal networks in the UK. We propose a loss network model with overflow based on a continuous time Markov chain for a perinatal network with specific application to a network in London. We derive the steady state expressions for overflow and rejection probabilities for each neonatal unit of the network on the basis of a decomposition approach. Results obtained from the model are very close to observed values. Using the model, decisions on numbers of cots can be made for specific levels of admission acceptance probabilities for each level of care at each neonatal unit of the network and specific levels of overflow to temporary care.
Adverse reactions caused by consecutive injections of different fillers in the same facial region: risk assessment based on the results from the Injectable Filler Safety study
Authors: Bachmann F. , Erdmann R. , Hartmann V. , Becker‐Wegerich P. , Wiest L. , Rzany B. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  The combination of different injectable fillers in one area is considered to increase the risk of adverse reactions.Objectives  To characterize adverse reactions in patients who received more than one filler in the same facial region.Methods  Data (up to July 2009) of the Injectable Filler Safety Study, a German‐based registry for adverse filler reactions, was analysed descriptively. All cases were discussed individually.Results  In 22 of the 161 patients (13.7%), two or more different fillers were injected consecutively into the same facial region. All patients were female with an average age of 50.6 (SD 13.6) years. In 12 of the 22 patients (54.5%), a specific filler could be attributed to the adverse reactions whereas in the other 10 patients (45.5%), the filler was not clearly attributable to one filler substance causing the adverse reactions.Conclusions  With the continuous changes in the filler market, the combination of different fillers in one area becomes more likely. Based on our data, there is not a lot of evidence that the combination of different injectable fillers, specifically biodegradable fillers, in the same region increases the risk of adverse reactions.
Joint clinical and pathological review meetings improve patient care: a prospective evaluation in dermatology
Authors: Gardinal‐Galera I. , Bulai Livideanu C. , Lamant L. , Viraben R. , Meyer N. , Mazereeuw‐Hautier J. , Maza A. , Prey S. , Nespoulous M. , Paul C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  Joint clinical and pathological review meeting exists in most academic dermatology departments.Objective  The primary objective of the study was to assess the impact of the joint clinical and pathological review meeting in dermatology on patient care.Methods  Prospective descriptive study over 6 months (May to October 2008) on all clinical cases of dermatology reviewed at the joint clinical and pathological review meeting in our University Hospital.Results  A total of 139 cases were reviewed during the 6‐month period. In 97 cases (69.8%), the joint clinical and pathological review meeting had a positive impact on final diagnosis and/or on patient management. For 27 cases, a consensus diagnosis different from the initial proposal was established. In 21 cases, the joint clinical and pathological review meeting led to additional investigations or therapeutic proposals. The impact of the joint clinical and pathological review meeting was highest for inflammatory skin diseases.Conclusions  The joint clinical and pathological review meeting is a useful procedure to improve diagnostic accuracy in difficult cases.
Effect of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 deficiency or administration on the occurrence of acne
Authors: Ben‐Amitai D. , Laron Z. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  The role of growth hormone, insulin, and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) in the development of acne is incompletely understood.Objective  To study the effect of the absence of IGF‐1 and its pharmacologic replacement on the occurrence of acne vulgaris.Patients and Methods  Laron syndrome (LS) is characterized by congenital IGF‐1 deficiency. The study group consisted of 21 patients with classical LS, who underwent puberty: 13 (8 male, 5 female) untreated and under regular follow‐up until age 20?48 years; and 8 (2 male, 6 female) treated with IGF‐1 (70–200 μg/kg/day), including 6 adults (2 male, treated at age 14.5–29 years and 4 female, treated at age 30–37 years) and 2 adolescents (2 female, treated at age 3.5–16 years). The medical files were reviewed for occurrence of acne and the corresponding sex hormone levels, and the findings were compared between the treated and untreated patients.Results  Puberty was delayed in all untreated patients. Only one patient had slight acne at age 22 years, when he reached full puberty. Among the 2 IGF‐1 treated male patients, none acquired acne. Among the 6 treated female patients, 3 had signs of hyperandrogenism (oligo‐amenorrhea) and acne during IGF‐1 over‐dosage. On reduction of the IGF‐1 dose (to 50 μg/kg/day) or cessation of treatment, the acne disappeared in all 3 patients.Conclusion  This study demonstrates for the first time that serum IGF‐1 deficiency prevents the occurrence of acne. The findings suggest that an interaction between IGF‐1 and androgens is necessary for the development of acne.
The Effect of Prophylactic Medications on TMS for Migraine Aura
Authors: Almaraz Amy C. , Dilli Esma , Dodick David W 
Published: November 2010

Purpose.— Low frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has recently been shown to be effective for the acute treatment of migraine with aura. TMS has recently been shown to inhibit cortical spreading depression (CSD). Prophylactic medications (PM) may reduce the frequency of migraine attacks by elevating CSD threshold. The interaction between PM and TMS is unknown.Methods.— Subgroup analysis was performed on a double‐blind, Sham‐controlled study that evaluated the efficacy and safety of TMS for the acute treatment of migraine with aura. Analysis of the primary efficacy endpoint pain‐free at 2 hours (pain‐free rate [PFR]) between TMS and Sham groups was performed based on the non‐randomized use of PM.Results.— A total of 164 subjects eligibly treated at least 1 migraine with aura attack with TMS (n = 82) or Sham stimulation (n = 82). Baseline pain intensity at the time of treatment for the first attack was no pain (31%), mild (40%), moderate (23%), or severe pain (6%). PM were used by 37% (31/82) and 41.5% (34/82) in the Sham‐ and TMS‐treated patients, respectively. Sham patients on no PM (Sham without) had significantly higher PFR than Sham‐treated patients on PM (Sham with) (P = .0014). There was no difference in PFR between TMS‐treated patients on (TMS with) or off (TMS without) PM (P = .5513). However, TMS with had significantly higher PFR than Sham with patients (P = .002). There was no difference in PFR between TMS without and Sham without patients (P = .4061).Conclusion.— Prophylactic medications do not appear to influence the treatment response to TMS. The better response in Sham‐treated patients not on PM may indicate a more responsive subgroup or different patient phenotype than those currently using PM. These findings will need to be verified in a larger patient sample randomized by presence or absence of PM.
Do Pedometers Increase Physical Activity in Sedentary Older Women? A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: McMurdo Marion E. T. , Sugden Jacqui , Argo Ishbel , Boyle Paul , Johnston Derek W. , Sniehotta Falko F. , Donnan Peter T. 
Published: November 2010

OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness of a behavior change intervention (BCI) with or without a pedometer in increasing physical activity in sedentary older women.DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Primary care, City of Dundee, Scotland.PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred four sedentary women aged 70 and older.INTERVENTIONS: Six months of BCI, BCI plus pedometer (pedometer plus), or usual care.MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome: change in daily activity counts measured by accelerometry. Secondary outcomes: Short Physical Performance Battery, health‐related quality of life, depression and anxiety, falls, and National Health Service resource use.RESULTS: One hundred seventy‐nine of 204 (88%) women completed the 6‐month trial. Withdrawals were highest from the BCI group (15/68) followed by the pedometer plus group (8/68) and then the control group (2/64). After adjustment for baseline differences, accelerometry counts increased significantly more in the BCI group at 3 months than in the control group (P=.002) and the pedometer plus group (P=.04). By 6 months, accelerometry counts in both intervention groups had fallen to levels that were no longer statistically significantly different from baseline. There were no significant changes in the secondary outcomes.CONCLUSION: The BCI was effective in objectively increasing physical activity in sedentary older women. Provision of a pedometer yielded no additional benefit in physical activity, but may have motivated participants to remain in the trial.Trial registration: ISRCTN26786857
Palliative Care for Patients with Dementia: A National Survey
Authors: Torke Alexia M. , Holtz Laura R. , Hui Siu , Castelluccio Peter , Connor Stephen , Eaton Matthew A. , Sachs Greg A. 
Published: November 2010

OBJECTIVES: To determine the extent to which hospice and nonhospice palliative care (PC) programs provide services to patients with dementia and to describe barriers and facilitators to providing nonhospice PC.DESIGN: Telephone and Web‐based surveys.SETTING: U.S. hospice and PC programs from the National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization's program list.PARTICIPANTS: Executive directors of 240 hospice programs, 173 programs providing hospice and nonhospice PC, and 13 programs providing nonhospice PC.MEASUREMENTS: A telephone survey of hospice and PC providers followed by an online survey of programs providing nonhospice PC.RESULTS: Ninety‐four percent of hospices and 72% of PC programs had served at least one patient with a primary diagnosis of dementia within the past year. Based on 80 responses to the online survey, the most highly rated barriers to providing PC were lack of awareness of PC by families and referring providers, need for respite services, and reimbursement policies. Highly rated needs were family information, assistance with caregiver burden, and behavioral symptoms. Strategies critical for success were an interdisciplinary team, collaboration with community organizations, and alternatives to aggressive end‐of‐life care.CONCLUSION: Almost all hospices and a majority of nonhospice PC programs serve patients with dementia. Education and policy efforts should focus on education for families and providers, support for caregivers, and reforming reimbursement structures to provide coverage for interdisciplinary PC earlier in the disease, when patients have high needs but are not hospice eligible.
Loss of Muscle Strength, Mass (Sarcopenia), and Quality (Specific Force) and Its Relationship with Functional Limitation and Physical Disability: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project
Authors: Hairi Noran N. , Cumming Robert G. , Naganathan Vasi , Handelsman David J. , Le Couteur David G. , Creasey Helen , Waite Louise M. , Seibel Markus J. , Sambrook Philip N. 
Published: November 2010

OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between loss of muscle strength, mass, and quality and functional limitation and physical disability in older men.DESIGN: Cross‐sectional study of older men participating in the Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP).SETTING: Elderly men living in a defined geographical region in Sydney, Australia.PARTICIPANTS: One thousand seven hundred five community‐dwelling men aged 70 and older who participated in the baseline assessments of CHAMP.MEASUREMENTS: Upper and lower extremity strength were measured using dynamometers for grip and quadriceps strength. Appendicular skeletal lean mass was assessed using dual X‐ray absorptiometry. Muscle quality was defined as the ratio of strength to mass in upper and lower extremities. For each parameter, subjects in the lowest 20% of the distribution were defined as below normal. Functional limitation was assessed according to self‐report and objective lower extremity performance measures. Physical disability was measured according to self‐report questionnaire.RESULTS: After adjusting for important confounders, the prevalence ratio (PR) for poor quadriceps strength and self‐reported functional limitation was 1.91 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.10–2.40); for performance‐based functional limitation the PR was 1.81 (95% CI=1.45–2.24). The adjusted PR for poor grip strength and physical disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) was 1.37 (95% CI=1.20–1.56). The adjusted PR for low skeletal lean mass (adjusted for fat mass) and physical disability in basic activities of daily living was 2.08 (95% CI=1.37–3.15). For muscle quality, the PR for lower extremity specific force and functional limitation and physical disability was stronger than upper extremity specific force.CONCLUSION: Muscle strength is the single best measure of age‐related muscle change and is associated with physical disability in IADLs and functional limitation.
Larger Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference Are Associated with Lower Mortality in Chinese Long‐Term Care Facility Residents
Authors: Lin Wen‐Yuan , Albu Jeanine , Liu Chiu‐Shong , Huang Hui‐Ying , Pi‐Sunyer F. Xavier , Li Chia‐Ing , Li Tsai‐Chung , Lin Cheng‐Chieh , Huang Kuo‐Chin 
Published: November 2010

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and all‐cause mortality of Chinese residents in long‐term care facilities in Taiwan.DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.SETTING: Eight long‐term care facilities in Taiwan.PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred fifty‐four residents aged 60 and older (median 78.4, range 60–101; 156 men, 198 women) were recruited during the study period.MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometrics and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline. Mean BMI was 21.7±4.2 kg/m2 (range 11.6–35.3 kg/m2, and mean WC was 82.4±10.9 cm (range 55.0–124.0 cm). Mortality data were from the Department of Health in Taiwan.RESULTS: There were 219 deaths during the 5 years of follow‐up. After adjusting for age, sex, albumin, Karnofsky performance status scale, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, subjects in the highest quartile of BMI (27.3± 2.8 kg/m2) and WC (96.7±7.4 cm) had a significantly lower mortality rate than did subjects in the lowest quartile (BMI, 16.7±1.7 kg/m2; WC, 69.6±4.2 cm). After further stratification according to central obesity status, the subjects in the two highest BMI quartiles had a lower mortality rate than those in the lowest BMI quartile but only in the central obesity group (≥90 cm in men or ≥80 cm in women). The adjusted relative risk for all‐cause mortality in the highest versus lowest BMI quartile was 0.17 (95% confidence interval=0.05–0.57).CONCLUSION: BMI and WC were negative predictors for all‐cause mortality in older Chinese adults living in long‐term care facilities. Participants with higher WC and BMI had lower all‐cause mortality.
Calibration of self‐reported oral health to clinically determined standards
Authors: Liu Honghu , Maida Carl A. , Spolsky Vladimir W. , Shen Jie , Li Helen , Zhou Xiaomeng , Marcus Marvin 
Published: November 2010

Liu H, Maida CA, Spolsky VW, Shen J, Li H, Zhou X, Marcus M. Calibration of self‐reported oral health to clinically determined standards. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 527–539. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract – Objective:  Self‐report of oral health is an inexpensive approach to assessing an individual’s oral health status, but it is heavily influenced by personal views and usually differs from that of clinically determined oral health status. To assist researchers and clinicians in estimating oral health self‐report, we summarize clinically determined oral health measures that can objectively measure oral health and evaluate the discrepancies between self‐reported and clinically determined oral health status. We test hypotheses of trends across covariates, thereby creating optimal calibration models and tools that can adjust self‐reported oral health to clinically determined standards.Methods:  Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, we examined the discrepancy between self‐reported and clinically determined oral health. We evaluated the relationship between the degree of this discrepancy and possible factors contributing to this discrepancy, such as patient characteristics and general health condition. We used a regression approach to develop calibration models for self‐reported oral health.Results:  The relationship between self‐reported and clinically determined oral health is complex. Generally, there is a discrepancy between the two that can best be calibrated by a model that includes general health condition, number of times a person has received health care, gender, age, education, and income.Conclusion:  The model we developed can be used to calibrate and adjust self‐reported oral health status to that of clinically determined standards and for oral health screening of large populations in federal, state, and local programs, enabling great savings in resources used in dental care.
Phenotypes of atopic dermatitis
Authors: Pugliarello Silvia , Cozzi Alessandra , Gisondi Paolo , Girolomoni Giampiero 
Published: November 2010

SummaryAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common disease affecting both children and adults. AD develops from a complex interplay between environmental, genetic, immunologic and biochemical factors. Genetic factors predispose atopic subjects to mount exaggerated Th2 responses and to a poorly efficient epidermal barrier, which may be sufficient to initiate inflammation in the skin and may favor allergic sensitization. Thus AD can present with different clinical pheno‐types. AD is classically distinguished into an intrinsic and extrinsic form, which are clinically identical but the former lacks high level specific IgE and is not associated with respiratory atopy. Although in many cases AD presents with monotonous eczematous lesions on the face, neck and skin folds, it may also present with other features. Very common is nummular eczema, which in many instances may be the dominant expression of AD. In other patients, AD affects limited areas (periorificial eczema, nipple eczema, cheilitis, hand eczema) or its main presentation is with excoriated papules and nodules (atopic prurigo). In conclusion, AD is a multifaceted disease affecting patients with epidermal barrier dysfunction and dry and sensitive skin. The recognition of the less common AD phenotypes is essential for proper patient management.
OHMIC THAWING OF FROZEN BEEF CUTS
Authors: BOZKURT HAYRIYE , İÇIER FILIZ 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIn this study, the application of ohmic heating to thaw the frozen beef cut samples was investigated. The center temperature of different sample sizes of beef cuts (2.5 cm × 2.5 cm × 5 cm; 2.5 cm × 5 cm × 5 cm; 3: 5 cm × 5 cm ×  5 cm) was aimed to reach +10C from −18C. The ohmic thawing was performed by the application of different voltage gradients (10, 20 and 30 V/cm), whereas the conventional thawing was performed at controlled conditions (25C, 95% RH). The effects of sample size, thawing method and voltage gradient on thawing time, drip loss, color, temperature homogeneity and EUR were investigated. Significant differences were found between thawing methods in terms of the temperature homogeneity, the thawing time and the thawing loss (P < 0.05). The results indicated that as the voltage gradient increased, the thawing time decreased, while the thawing loss remained unchanged. There was a decrease in the EUR (47–70%) with the increase in the sample size and the voltage gradient applied during ohmic thawing.The results of this study will provide valuable data for the design of the industrial ohmic thawing systems and give useful insights to further studies on this subject.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSIn meat processing, especially in thawing, there are several problems regarding the nonhomogeneities during thermal treatments due to heterogeneous structure of the sample, and the high energy consumption of conventional heating methods. To overcome all these problems, researchers focused on the alternative methods to replace or complement the traditional thawing process of meat products. Ohmic processing is used in a wide range of applications such as preheating, blanching, pasteurization, sterilization and extraction of food products. Although it has an approved technology for liquids and has industrial applications, there was no industrial application of ohmic technology in meat processing. In recent years, the researches on the usage of ohmic technologies in meat processing have been increased. This study focused on the applicability of ohmic thawing procedures for beef cuts with different sizes in terms of appropriate thawing attributes and energy utilization percentage.Results from this study will give important information to academic studies and industrial applications for the design of ohmic thawing systems for meat products. The main items required for system considerations were also discussed.
Changes in the Composition of the Bacterial Flora on Tray‐Packaged Pork during Chilled Storage Analyzed by PCR‐DGGE and Real‐Time PCR
Authors: Jiang Yun , Gao Feng , Xu XingLian , Ye KePing , Zhou GuangHong 
Published: November 2010

Abstract:  In this study, a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to investigate the changes in the composition of the bacterial population of tray‐packaged pork during chilled storage. Relative quantitative real‐time PCR was further used to evaluate the predominant spoilage bacteria obtained from DGGE analysis for their relative amount to the total bacteria in meat samples. DGGE analysis of the V3 and V6‐V8 regions of the 16S rRNA gene showed that Pseudomonas were the predominant bacterial species at the end of the monitoring period. Real‐time PCR expressed as the ΔΔCT method showed that the average 2−ΔΔCT values increased continually during the storage period from less than 0.001 at day 0 to 4.438 at the end of the monitoring, which indicated that the proportions of Pseudomonas within the total bacteria in meat samples increased. Both methods confirmed that Pseudomonas was the predominant spoilage bacteria.Practical Application:  This study uses new techniques to identify bacteria in fresh retail pork and to follow changes in the bacterial population during 12 d refrigerated storage. Pseudomonads were found to increase with storage time, becoming the dominant flora after 12 d.