bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The T box regulatory element controlling expression of the class I lysyl-tRNA synthetase of Bacillus cereus strain 14579 is functional and can be partially induced by reduced charging of asparaginyl-tRNAAsn
Authors: Foy Niall , Jester Brian , Conant Gavin C , Devine Kevin M 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
Lysyl-tRNA synthetase (LysRS) is unique within the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family in that both class I (LysRS1) and class II (LysRS2) enzymes exist. LysRS1 enzymes are found in Archaebacteria and some eubacteria while all other organisms have LysRS2 enzymes. All sequenced strains of Bacillus cereus (except AH820) and Bacillus thuringiensis however encode both a class I and a class II LysRS. The lysK gene (encoding LysRS1) of B. cereus strain 14579 has an associated T box element, the first reported instance of potential T box control of LysRS expression.

Results
A global study of 891 completely sequenced bacterial genomes identified T box elements associated with control of LysRS expression in only four bacterial species: B. cereus, B. thuringiensis, Symbiobacterium thermophilum and Clostridium beijerinckii. Here we investigate the T box element found in the regulatory region of the lysK gene in B. cereus strain 14579. We show that this T box element is functional, responding in a canonical manner to an increased level of uncharged tRNALys but, unusually, also responding to an increased level of uncharged tRNAAsn. We also show that B. subtilis strains with T box regulated expression of the endogenous lysS or the heterologous lysK genes are viable.

Conclusions
The T box element controlling lysK (encoding LysRS1) expression in B. cereus strain 14579 is functional, but unusually responds to depletion of charged tRNALys and tRNAAsn. This may have the advantage of making LysRS1 expression responsive to a wider range of nutritional stresses. The viability of B. subtilis strains with a single LysRS1 or LysRS2, whose expression is controlled by this T box element, makes the rarity of the occurrence of such control of LysRS expression puzzling.
Effects of myenteric denervation on extracellular matrix fibers and mast cell distribution in normal stomach and gastric lesions
Authors: Estofolete Cássia F , Botelho-Machado Carla , Taboga Sebastião R , Zucoloto Sérgio , Polli-Lopes Ana Cláudia , Gil Cristiane D 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
In this study the effect of myenteric denervation induced by benzalconium chloride (BAC) on distribution of fibrillar components of extracellular matrix (ECM) and inflammatory cells was investigated in gastric carcinogenesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). Rats were divided in four experimental groups: non-denervated (I) and denervated stomach (II) without MNNG treatment; non-denervated (III) and denervated stomachs (IV) treated with MNNG. For histopathological, histochemical and stereological analysis, sections of gastric fragments were stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin, Picrosirius-Hematoxylin, Gomori reticulin, Weigert's Resorcin-Fuchsin, Toluidine Blue and Alcian-Blue/Safranin (AB-SAF).

Results
BAC denervation causes an increase in the frequency of reticular and elastic fibers in the denervated (group II) compared to the non-denervated stomachs (group I). The treatment of the animals with MNNG induced the development of adenocarcinomas in non-denervated and denervated stomachs (groups III and IV, respectively) with a notable increase in the relative volume of the stroma, the frequency of reticular fibers and the inflammatory infiltrate that was more intense in group IV. An increase in the frequency of elastic fibers was observed in adenocarcinomas of denervated (group IV) compared to the non-denervated stomachs (group III) that showed degradation of these fibers. The development of lesions (groups III and IV) was also associated with an increase in the mast cell population, especially AB and AB-SAF positives, the latter mainly in the denervated group IV.

Conclusions
The results show a strong association in the morphological alteration of the ECM fibrillar components, the increased density of mast cells and the development of tumors induced by MNNG in the non-denervated rat stomach or denervated by BAC. This suggests that the study of extracellular and intracellular components of tumor microenvironment contributes to understanding of tumor biology by action of myenteric denervation.
Treatment of a femoral shaft fracture in a patient with congenital hip disease: a case report
Authors: Tsakotos George A , Koutsostathis Stefanos D , Macheras George A 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Introduction
We present a rare case of two concomitant morbidities treated in one operation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of its kind in the literature.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old Greek woman was admitted to the emergency department having sustained a spiral mid-shaft femoral fracture. She also suffered from an ipsilateral hip congenital dysplasia with ankylosed hip joint due to severe arthritis. She was treated with a total hip arthroplasty using a long stem performing as an intramedullary nail.

Conclusion
We undertook a complex operative treatment of both co-morbidities in a one stage procedure with a satisfactory clinical result.
Immigrant children's peer acceptance and victimization in kindergarten: The role of local language competence
Authors: von Grünigen Renate , Perren Sonja , Nägele Christof , Alsaker Françoise D. 
Published: July 2010

The study investigates peer acceptance and victimization of immigrant and Swiss children in kindergarten classes. Our first aim is to compare peer acceptance and victimization of Swiss and immigrant children. Secondly, we explore the role of their local language competences (LLCs).The sample was drawn from kindergartens in communities in the German‐speaking part of Switzerland. A representative sample of 568 boys and 522 girls (mean age 5.8 years) took part in the research. Teachers completed questionnaires on children's victimization, bullying, and LLC. The nationality background of parents was indicated by teachers and parents. To assess peer acceptance, a peer nomination method was used.Immigrant children showed less acceptance by peers and were more often victimized than their Swiss peers. There was a significant interaction effect for LLC and national background of mothers, showing that LLC was positively associated with peer acceptance for children of an immigrant background but not for Swiss children. Furthermore, peer acceptance mediated the effect of national background of mothers on victimization. Results are discussed in terms of the need to improve immigrant children's LLC.
Simulating and Characterizing Agricultural Ground Applications for Soil VOC Deposition Studies
Authors: Fritz Bradley K. , Hoffmann W. Clint , Rohde Arlean , Warren Christopher , Faulkner William Brock 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Reactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a major role in the formation of photochemical oxidants in the atmosphere by reacting with oxides of nitrogen and solar ultraviolet energy producing ozone, which is a criteria pollutant regulated under the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The United States is one of the most agriculturally productive countries in the world due in part to the use of chemical pesticides that consist of active ingredients that are typically non-volatile or semi-VOCs and inert ingredients such as solvents, emulsifiers, and diluents that may also be volatile. Presently, the VOC determination of emission factors from agricultural pesticide applications assumes that all of the inert VOC ingredients volatilize. This research focuses on the development of a laboratory methodology for applying agricultural spray formulations in accurate and measurable levels to support VOC deposition onto and loss from soil surfaces. Adapting a laboratory spray table system with a modified spray and deposition sampling scheme resulted in repeatable spray applications, with the deposition pattern being mapped across the treatment area. These mapped deposition values allow for measurements from soil samples to be correlated with actual spray deposition. This methodology provides for a rapid and repeatable means for surveying VOC deposition and losses from a variety of spray formulations under varying spray rates and spray droplet sizes.
The Microstructural Aspect of the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition of Tin-Based Lead-Free Solders
Authors: Lambrinou Konstantina , Engelmaier Werner 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
This work focuses on specific aspects of the ductile-to-brittle transition in the fracture behavior of tin-based lead-free solders. This transition is essentially associated with the crystal structure of β-Sn, which is the main constituent of these solders. Moreover, the transition is affected by many factors, including the ambient temperature, the applied strain rate, the mechanical constraint, and certain solder microstructural features such as the shape, size, and spatial distribution of intermetallic particles. Since the mechanical constraint in the solder is related with the specimen dimensions, this work compares the fracture behavior of two different sizes of specimens made of tin-based solders: Rectangular beams and solder joints. Both types of specimens were tested in impact, while the produced fracture surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The detailed fractography analysis allowed the correlation of the overall solder fracture behavior with certain features in the solder microstructure. This study used also the additional insight into the embrittlement mechanism of tin-based solders to explain previous results from the thermal cycling of eutectic tin-lead solder joints.
Health Care Transition in Adolescents and Young Adults With Diabetes
Authors: Bowen Michael E. , Henske Joseph A. , Potter Amy 
Published: July 2010

IN BRIEF
Improving health care transition in adolescents and young adults with diabetes is a challenge shared by both pediatric and adult practitioners. This article provides an overview of health care transitions, reviews selected approaches to transition, and provides recommendations for health care providers to facilitate and optimize transition in adolescents with diabetes.
Sociology of Sport Diagnosis in Brazil: to Consolidate a Field of Knowledge
Authors: Júnior Wanderley , Ferreira Anna 
Published: July 2010

Sociology of Sport Diagnosis in Brazil: to Consolidate a Field of KnowledgeConsidering the expansion process which the sport sociology is facing in the Social Sciences and Physical Education fields, this study highlights the need to attribute to a specific area of knowledge a diagnosis treatment and the discussion of the sociological matters and conceptions emerging in sport. Also we included in this scenario the preliminary need detected in studies focused on the diagnosis of sport sociology in Brazil. The main goal of this research consists in the diagnosis of the papers that make reference to the sport sociology and to verify the consolidation, in the undergraduate and postgraduate area of this research field in Brazil. Specifically, we aim to localize the authors, their production, theoretical references and analysis models to codify a theoretical and methodological classification of the area, identifying conceptions, perspectives and study objects. We also attempt to make possible the structuring of an Excellence Centre in Sport Sociology studies in Brazil and the possible institutional exchange with Portuguese and Spanishspeaking countries, in Latin America. Part of this project is being accomplished by the creation of the Asociación Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioculturales Del Deporte - ALESDE. The methodology selected is a historic-descriptive research with an analytical-bibliographical character. The scope to this diagnosis will depend on the initial contacts with the productions, however we estimate a possible starting point in the 1950s. Through a preliminary study, we realized the mapping of two journals, one from Sociology and another from Physical Education, collecting data of the papers, such as: authors, theoretical approach, study objects and productions profile, from 1997 to 2007. As the results to this specific research we pointed out the absence of papers published in the Social Sciences journal. This may be the result of disputes and tensions of the academic field, considering issues as research legitimacy, prestige, and the superficiality of the papers submitted for publication, that does not attend the criteria of the referred journal. In the Physical Education journal the sport is a study object with insert, fact confirmed by the number of papers published. However, we noticed a large number of issues of this journal without any publication from Sport Sociology, which can be a symptom of a field in a consolidation process. Based on these indicatives we noticed that the papers we analyzed indicate a lack of a proper appropriation of the sociological theories to discuss, with the proper depth, the study object. These data allow us to elaborate a conception of the Sport Sociology as a field seeking its consolidation and autonomy in Sociology and in Physical Education. By this preliminary study and the wider research we present in this paper, we expect to fill a visible gap in the Sport Sociology studies and contribute in the consolidation of this research field.
Physical Recreation of Students of Selected Warsaw Non-Public Higher Education Institutions - Preferences and Motivations
Authors: Dąbrowski Andrzej , Radiuk-Strzeżek Joanna 
Published: July 2010

Physical Recreation of Students of Selected Warsaw Non-Public Higher Education Institutions - Preferences and MotivationsThe creation of conditions within the teaching and educational system of higher education institutions that shape up rational, pro-health free-time behaviours is one of the key goals of the studies discussed in this paper. The starting point for every planned educational process is to investigate the present state of affairs, i.e. to perform a diagnosis. This paper presents the diagnosis results which indicate, based on the empirical research findings, the forms of leisure activities most often pursued and the motivations behind them. The method we used in our research was a diagnosis survey which covered 1,119 students.The dominant leisure-time activities preferred by the students we surveyed were watching TV and meeting friends. The third most popular student leisure activity was in the case of men spending time in front of a computer and in the case of the women walking. Nearly half of the female students and a little more than half of the male students practise their recreational activities outside the official school physical education classes. The men practise a little more often than the women. Football, cycling and swimming are the most popular sports among the men. The women prefer bicycle riding, gymnastic exercises, aerobics and volleyball. Both the male and female students gave as their first two most important motives for recreational physical activities their health and fitness aspects. The third motive varies, depending on sex. The female students appreciate rest and relaxation which they achieve through recreational physical activities. The men highlight the value of being in touch with nature. Although the students from the surveyed group say they do not engage in physical activity in their free time in any planned way, nearly 50% of them do so on a regular basis.
Another commons is possible
Authors: Junge Benjamin 
Published: July 2010

Donald M. Nonini, ed., The global idea of “the commons.”New York: Berghahn Books, 2007, 138 pp., ISBN: 1-845-45485-5.Jeffrey Juris, Networking futures: The movements against corporate globalization. Durham: Duke University Press, 2008, 400 pp., ISBN: 0822342693.
Practical experience with initial quality assurance of a high dose rate brachytherapy grid‐based Boltzmann solver algorithm
Authors: Fagerstrom Jessica M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to validate the use of a model‐based dose calculation algorithm (MBDCA), Acuros BV, for high dose rate brachytherapy treatment planning for a community‐based hospital with a Bravos afterloader. Based on published AAPM recommendations, this work details a practical approach for community‐based clinics to complete initial validation of Acuros BV, in order to add a MBDCA to a TG‐43 based brachytherapy treatment planning program.MethodsSource dimensions and materials used in Acuros BV and TG‐43 source models were compared to the physical source. TG‐186 testing was completed with standardized test cases externally calculated with Monte Carlo compared to locally calculated with Acuros BV. Point doses calculated using TG‐43 were compared to those calculated with Acuros BV in water at various dose grid settings. Secondary dose check software was used to evaluate dose distributions resembling clinical patient plans, both in water and on CT datasets representative of patient anatomy.ResultsThe major source of discrepancy of source models was the length of modeled steel cable. TG‐186 testing showed that the largest differences between Monte Carlo and Acuros BV dose distributions were located along the source axis for cases calculated in water, as well as located in regions of high dose gradients and within the applicator for the case calculated with a generic shielded applicator. An audit of point doses calculated with both TG‐43 and Acuros BV in water found that dose grid settings significantly affected agreement. Secondary dose check software indicated that Acuros BV functioned satisfactorily, and a 5% threshold was adopted for secondary dose checks on gynecologic plans.ConclusionThis validation process indicated that Acuros BV met expected standards and affirmed its suitability for integration into this clinical practice's brachytherapy treatment planning.
Accelerating the Laser‐Induced Phase Transition in Nanostructured FeRh via Plasmonic Absorption
Authors: Mattern M. , Pudell J.‐E. , Arregi J. A. , Zlámal J. , Kalousek R. , Uhlíř V. , Rössle M. , Bargheer M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBy ultrafast x‐ray diffraction (UXRD), it is shown that the laser‐induced magnetostructural phase transition in FeRh nanoislands proceeds faster and more complete than in continuous films. An intrinsic 8 ps timescale is observed for the nucleation of ferromagnetic (FM) domains in the optically excited fraction of both types of samples. For the continuous film, the substrate‐near regions are not directly exposed to light and are only slowly transformed to the FM state after heating above the transition temperature via near‐equilibrium heat transport. Numerical modeling of the absorption in the investigated nanoislands reveals a strong plasmonic contribution near the FeRh/MgO interface. The larger absorption and the optical excitation of the electrons in nearly the entire volume of the nanoislands enables a rapid phase transition throughout the entire volume at the intrinsic nucleation timescale.
Gelatin‐Mediated Vascular Self‐Assembly via a YAP‐MMP Signaling Axis
Authors: Keshavarz Mozhgan , Smith Quinton 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTissue self‐assembly relies on the interplay between structural cues imparted by the extracellular matrix (ECM) and instructive chemical factors that guide cellular signaling pathways. Here, it is reported that endothelial cell‐laden gelatin‐based hydrogels with optimized mechanical and chemical properties facilitate de novo vasculogenesis and recruitment of endogenous blood vessels in vivo. It is demonstrated that these engineered matrices, with tailored viscoelastic features and stiffness, drive vascular self‐assembly in a yes‐associated protein (YAP) mechanosensing‐dependent manner through integrin alpha V beta 3 (αvβ3) and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity (MMP2). This research highlights how the ECM, in the form of gelatin‐based hydrogels with adjustable stress relaxation rates, drives vascular morphogenesis in the absence of growth factor supplementation, lending to a minimalistic platform for discretizing features of the microenvironment niche. Collectively, these results demonstrate a testbed that enables mechanistic evaluation of morphogenetic processes. Specifically, the results show how mechanical cues impact signaling pathways that modulate vascular remodeling, a critical tissue engineering paradigm needed for the translational application of vascularized grafts for regenerative medicine applications.
Avian Bone‐Inspired Super Fatigue Resistant MXene‐Based Aerogels with Human‐Like Tactile Perception for Multilevel Information Encryption Assisted by Machine Learning
Authors: Ren Jiafei , Huang Xing , Han Ruolin , Chen Guangxin , Li Qifang , Zhou Zheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping multimodal sensors with human‐like tactile perception is highly desirable for wearable devices, electronic skins (e‐skins), and human‐machine interfaces. However, realizing decoupled signal output and high‐precision measurement remains challenging. Superelastic conductive aerogels are ideal materials for fabricating multimodal sensors as they can convert pressure and temperature stimuli into different electrical signals. Herein, inspired by the microstructure of lightweight and robust avian bones, a biomimetic lamellar silica nanofiber/MXene aerogel (LSMA) sensor for decoupled pressure and temperature sensing is first developed. The avian bone‐like lamellae‐strut structure endows the ultralight LSMA with superb fatigue resistance of 99.1% height retention after 10 000 compression cycles, which is second to none in the reported MXene‐based aerogels. Meanwhile, benefiting from the advantages of the aerogel structure, the LSMA sensor integrating piezoresistive and thermoelectric effects has an ultrahigh temperature resolution of 0.07 K and the lowest pressure detection limit of 0.20 Pa in the reported pressure‐temperature sensors. The unique performance renders it a promising platform for wearable physiological monitoring and tactile e‐skin. Furthermore, an innovative multilevel encryption protection system assisted by machine learning is designed based on the LSMA sensing array as the interactive terminal. This study provides novel insights into the design and application of multimodal sensors.
Synergistic Modulation of Excited State Ingredients and Chiroptical Activity for High‐Performance Pure‐Green Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence
Authors: Huang Haoxin , Li Nengquan , Li Wendi , Mo Xuechao , Cao Xiaosong , Miao Jingsheng , Yin Xiaojun , Yang Chuluo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe integration of chiral elements within a multiple resonance (MR) motif affords a prospective avenue to construct satisfying emitters tailored for state‐of‐the‐art circularly polarized organic light–emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs). However, the concurrently realizing of both high luminescence efficiency and favorable dissymmetry factors (gPL) still remains a formidable challenge, particularly when aligning with the requirement of high color purity. Herein, a dual‐pronged approach is proposed to reconcile such trade‐offs by directly fusing a secondary chiral donor onto the MR scaffold, thereby facilitating a hybrid short/long‐range charge‐transfer with fine‐tuned compositions. Theoretical calculations unveil the pronounced impact of the chiral donor on meticulously refining the characteristics of excited states, therefore yielding a considerable gPL of 3.3 × 10−3, along with a high fluorescence quantum yield of 0.97, and a rapid reverse intersystem crossing rate of 3.06 × 105 s−1 in one embodiment. Leveraging these merits, electroluminescence devices incorporating them as chiral dopants exhibit exceptional performance, showcasing a peak external quantum efficiency of 36.6% and remarkable Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinates of (0.19, 0.71), which represent one of the most notable achievements among pure‐green CP‐OLEDs.