bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Large aortic aneurysm mimicking a cardiac tumor
Authors: Liao Zhen-Yu , Tsai Jui-Peng , Kuo Jen-Yuan , Hung Chung-Lieh 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Introduction
Extrinsic left atrial compression caused by a displaced, crooked descending thoracic aorta is rare. This anomaly may mimic primary cardiac tumors or metastatic neoplasms from the first look.

Case presentation
We reported a 78-year-old woman presented to our emergency room with back pain, increased exercise intolerance and intermittent angina. She also had one syncopal event 1 month ago and gastric cancer post gastrectomy history. Subsequent chest plain film showed no mediastinum widening.
Two-dimensional echocardiography was performed and revealed a heterogeneous mass as large as 2.3 × 2.4 cm occupying the left atrium (LA). Three-dimensional echocardiography vividly demonstrated that LA was constrained between the aortic valve (AV) and a luminal structure with pulsatile character suggestive of the aorta.

Conclusions
We successfully demonstrated the detailed structure and location of an anomalous descending aorta on the oblique imaging plane of RT-3DE, which may not be readily available by traditional 2D method.
Head and neck cancers in France: an analysis of the hospital medical information system (PMSI) database
Authors: Lacau St Guily Jean , Borget Isabelle , Vainchtock Alexandre , Rémy Vanessa , Takizawa Claire 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
With 16,005 new cases and 5,406 related deaths in 2005, France is particularly concerned by Head and Neck (H&N) cancers. In addition to tobacco and alcohol, Human Papillomavirus (HPV) has been reported as a risk factor for H&N cancers. The literature on the burden of these cancers in Europe is scarce. This study was performed to assess the medical and economical burden of hospitalisations for H&N cancers in France.

Methods
The French national hospital database (PMSI), in which admissions to public and private hospitals are recorded, was retrospectively analysed to assess the annual number of patients hospitalised for H&N cancers and associated hospital costs from the healthcare payer perspective. ICD-10 codes (16 codes classified as oral cavity, oropharynx, pharynx, salivary glands and larynx) were used to extract admissions for these cancers. Hospital stays, chemotherapy and radiotherapy sessions were extracted to assess patients' management. Costs of admissions were obtained from French official tariffs.

Results
In 2007, there were 36 268 patients hospitalised for H&N cancers, of whom 81% were men, corresponding to 60 200 hospital stays and 287 846 sessions of chemo- or radio-therapy. Oropharynx cancer was the most frequent (28% of patients), followed by oral cavity cancer (25% of patients). The peak of frequency was observed in the 55-59 years age group. Patients were mainly treated in medicine (48%) and surgery (23%) units. Mean annual cost per patient ranged from €2 764 to €7 673 leading to a total hospital cost of €323 millions in 2007 (including hospitalization and expensive drugs). With 26% of H&N cancers attributable to HPV infections, 9 430 patients were hospitalized due to HPV-related H&N cancers, representing €138 million in 2007.

Conclusion
Even without taking into account the rehabilitation costs, the hospital burden of H&N cancers is considerable.
New Functional Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys from First-Principles Calculations
Authors: Entel Peter , Siewert Mario , Dannenberg Antje , Gruner Markus Ernst , Wuttig Manfred 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn overview is given of new ferromagnetic Heusler alloys like Ni-Co-(Al, Ga, Zn), Co-Ni-(Al, Ga, Zn), Fe-Ni-(Al, Ga, Zn) and Fe-Co-(Al, Ga, Zn), which are compared with today's mostly investigated systems such as Ni-Mn-Z (Z = Al, Ga, In, Sn, Sb). The investigations are based on first-principles as well as Monte Carlo calculations. For some new systems, the simulations of atomic structure and magnetic and electronic properties allow to predict higher Curie and martensitic transformation temperatures than those of prototypical Ni-Mn-Z materials. Some of the new materials may be distinguished for devices which exploit the magnetic shape memory effect. Interestingly, in general, all off-stoichiometric alloys display competing antiferromagnetic correlations, which may be important for devices using the magnetocaloric effect. The Curie temperatures are obtained from Monte Carlo simulations using magnetic exchange parameters from ab initio calculations while the structural instability is inferred from local minima in the ab initio total energy curves as a function of the tetragonal distortion. The manifestation of phonon softening as a precursor of structural transformations is present in the austenitic phase of most of the calculated ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys. However, quite remarkably, we find that phonon softening is absent in a few systems such as Co2NiGa.
Synthesis of Fe3O4/ZnO Core-shell Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy Applications
Authors: Beltran Huarac Juan C. , Singh Surinder P. , Tomar Maharaj S. , Peňa Sandra , Rivera Luis , Perales-Perez Oscar 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe use of nanoparticles as carriers of photosensitizer (PS) molecules for photodynamic therapy (PDT) has attracted much interest on core-shell nanosize structures. Herein, we used a simple aqueous solution method to synthesize Fe3O4/ZnO core-shell nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed the presence of well defined peaks corresponding to Fe3O4 and ZnO in as-synthesized nanocrystals. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements showed that these nanoparticles exhibited superparamagnetic behavior of the core with no coercivity nor remanence. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses revealed the presence of Zn1/2 and Zn3/2 species on the surface of nanocrystals. Photoluminescence measurements showed excitonic emission of ZnO co-existing with a weak and broad defect- related green emission at room temperature. The generation of singlet oxygen was monitored via the photooxidation of diphenyl-1,3-isobenzofuran (DPBF) with different light sources, followed by absorption spectroscopy at 409 nm. The capability of synthesized nanoparticles to generate singlet oxygen has also been verified.
Determination of In Situ Two-Phase Flow Properties Through Downhole Fluid Movement Monitoring
Authors: Kuchuk Fikri , Zhan Lang , Ma S. Mark , Al-Shahri Ali M. , Ramakrishnan T. S. , Altundas Y. Bilgin , Zeybek Murat , Loubens Romain de , Chugunov Nikita 
Published: September 2010

Summary
In this paper, we present a novel method for in situ estimation of two-phase transport properties of porous media using time-lapse resistivity, pressure, and flow rate data from permanent downhole pressure, electrode resistivity array (ERA), and production logging tools. The objective of this fluid movement monitoring (FMM) experiment is to develop a new downhole hardware assembly, new measurement procedures, and associated interpretation techniques for inferring oil recovery factor, relative permeabilities to oil and water, and other two-phase flow properties.
An oil well in a carbonate reservoir in Saudi Arabia was dedicated to conduct a week long extensive openhole monitoring data acquisition, enabling us to carry out suitable a priori characterization. This approach is new to the oil industry and is the first field experiment for direct determination of two-phase flow properties through successful integration of the downhole resistivity array and pressure data. Together with pressure transient responses, the ERA measurements allowed characterization to a radial distance of tens of meters from the wellbore.
Pressure-Transient Analysis of a Well With an Inclined Hydraulic Fracture
Authors: Dinh Anh V. , Tiab Djebbar 
Published: September 2010

Summary
Hydraulic fracturing is an important well-stimulation technique that has been widely used in the oil and gas industry. Most of the pressure-transient-analysis techniques to analyze pressure responses of fractured wells are based on the assumption that the fracture is either vertical or horizontal. However, a hydraulic fracture could be inclined with a nonzero angle with respect to the vertical direction. Field studies have shown that most hydraulic fractures are not perfectly vertical. Thus, for an inclined hydraulic fracture, the vertical-orientation assumption may lead to erroneous results in welltest analysis, especially when the inclination angle is significant. However, there are very few studies concerning pressure-transient analysis of inclined hydraulic fractures, and there is no applicable well-test-analysis procedure available for inclined fractures.
The purpose of this study is to develop a technique, on the basis of the pressure-derivative concept, for interpreting pressuretransient tests in wells with an inclined hydraulic fracture. Detailed analysis of unsteady-state pressure behavior of a fully penetrating inclined fracture in an infinite-slab reservoir was provided. Both uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity models were considered. The study has shown that inclined-fracture pressure data exhibit flow regimes similar to those for vertical fractures. Those flow regimes are linear and pseudoradial flow for both uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity models. However, for the infinite-conductivity model, a biradial- (or elliptical) flow regime is also observed. In the case of a high formation-thickness/fracture-half-length ratio and high angle of inclination, both uniform-flux and infiniteconductivity inclined-fracture models exhibit an additional flow regime, called early radial (ER) flow in this paper. This ER-flow regime for an inclined hydraulic fracture has not been mentioned in the literature before.
A type-curve-matching technique was developed in this study using both pressure and pressure-derivative curves. This typecurve-matching procedure can be used to obtain the following parameters: fracture half-length, inclination angle, formation permeability, and the pseudoskin factor. The results should be verified with other pressure plots such as the semilog plot of vs. t and the Δp-vs.-t1/2 plot. A set of type curves with associated data was also provided for uniform-flux and infinite-conductivity inclined- fracture models. Detailed explanations, tables, figures, and a numerical example are included in this paper.
Effect of Fracture Dip and Fracture Tortuosity on Petrophysical Evaluation of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs
Authors: Aguilera Roberto 
Published: September 2010

Summary
A model is developed for petrophysical evaluation of naturally fractured reservoirs where dip of fractures ranges between zero and 90°, and where fracture tortuosity is greater than 1.0. This results in an intrinsic porosity exponent of fractures (mf) that is larger than 1.0.
The finding has direct application in the evaluation of fractured reservoirs and tight gas sands, where fracture dip can be determined, for example, from image logs. In the past, a fracture-matrix system has been represented by a dual-porosity model which can be simulated as a series-resistance network or with the use of effective medium theory. For many cases both approaches provide similar results.
The model developed in this study leads to the observation that including fracture dip and tortuosity in the petrophysical analysis can generate significant changes in the dual-porosity exponent (m) of the composite system of matrix and fractures. It is concluded that not taking fracture dip and tortuosity into consideration can lead to significant errors in the calculation of water saturation. The use of the model is illustrated with examples.
Hamilton-type principles applied to ice-sheet dynamics: new approximations for large-scale ice-sheet flow
Authors: Bassis J.N. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIce-sheet modelers tend to be more familiar with the Newtonian, vectorial formulation of continuum mechanics, in which the motion of an ice sheet or glacier is determined by the balance of stresses acting on the ice at any instant in time. However, there is also an equivalent and alternative formulation of mechanics where the equations of motion are instead found by invoking a variational principle, often called Hamilton’s principle. In this study, we show that a slightly modified version of Hamilton’s principle can be used to derive the equations of ice-sheet motion. Moreover, Hamilton’s principle provides a pathway in which analytic and numeric approximations can be made directly to the variational principle using the Rayleigh–Ritz method. To this end, we use the Rayleigh–Ritz method to derive a variational principle describing the large-scale flow of ice sheets that stitches the shallow-ice and shallow-shelf approximations together. Numerical examples show that the approximation yields realistic steady-state ice-sheet configurations for a variety of basal tractions and sliding laws. Small parameter expansions show that the approximation reduces to the appropriate asymptotic limits of shallow ice and shallow stream for large and small values of the basal traction number.
Results from the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project–Heinrich Event Intercomparison (ISMIP HEINO)
Authors: Calov Reinhard , Greve Ralf , Abe-Ouchi Ayako , Bueler Ed , Huybrechts Philippe , Johnson Jesse V. , Pattyn Frank , Pollard David , Ritz Catherine , Saito Fuyuki , Tarasov Lev 
Published: September 2010

AbstractResults from the Heinrich Event Intercomparison (HEINO) topic of the Ice-Sheet Model Intercomparison Project (ISMIP) are presented. ISMIP HEINO was designed to explore internal large-scale ice-sheet instabilities in different contemporary ice-sheet models. These instabilities are of interest because they are a possible cause of Heinrich events. A simplified geometry experiment reproduces the main characteristics of the Laurentide ice sheet, including the sedimented region over Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait. The model experiments include a standard run plus seven variations. Nine dynamic/thermodynamic ice-sheet models were investigated; one of these models contains a combination of the shallow-shelf (SSA) and shallow-ice approximation (SIA), while the remaining eight models are of SIA type only. Seven models, including the SIA–SSA model, exhibit oscillatory surges with a period of ∼1000 years for a broad range of parameters, while two models remain in a permanent state of streaming for most parameter settings. In a number of models, the oscillations disappear for high surface temperatures, strong snowfall and small sediment sliding parameters. In turn, low surface temperatures and low snowfall are favourable for the ice-surge cycles. We conclude that further improvement of ice-sheet models is crucial for adequate, robust simulations of cyclic large-scale instabilities.
Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis in European Caucasians and Metaanalysis of 5 Studies
Authors: AVOUAC JÉRÔME , AIRÒ PAOLO , MEUNE CHRISTOPHE , BERETTA LORENZO , DIEUDE PHILIPPE , CARAMASCHI PAOLA , TIEV KIET , CAPPELLI SUSANNA , DIOT ELISABETH , VACCA ALESSANDRA , CRACOWSKI JEAN-LUC , SIBILIA JEAN , KAHAN ANDRÉ , MATUCCI-CERINIC MARCO , ALLANORE YANNICK 
Published: September 2010

Objective.To measure the prevalence of different types of pulmonary hypertension (PH) and to identify patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) at highest risk in a multicenter European sample, with a metaanalysis of relevant studies.Methods.Consecutive patients with SSc recruited at 11 French and Italian centers underwent detailed evaluations, including Doppler echocardiography, chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests, and right-heart catheterization (RHC), to detect the presence and causes of PH. A metaanalysis was performed, including data from 4 other studies.Results.Among 206 patients in whom it was suspected, PH was confirmed by RHC in 83 patients (7%). Precapillary PH was found in 64 patients (5%), of whom 42 had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and 22 had PH secondary to interstitial lung disease (ILD). RHC identified 17 patients (1%) with postcapillary PH secondary to left-heart disease. Patients with DLCO/alveolar volume < 70% were more likely to have precapillary PH (87.5% vs 42%; p < 0.0001). Precapillary and postcapillary PH were associated with advanced age (68 ± 14 vs 59 ± 12 yrs, p < 0.0001, and 74 ± 16 vs 61.5 ± 10 yrs, p < 0.0001, respectively). The metaanalysis of 3818 patients showed a prevalence of precapillary PH of 9% (95% CI 6%–12%) and identified advanced age, longer disease duration, and limited cutaneous disease subset as risk factors for this condition.Conclusion.The prevalence of precapillary PH in our multicenter study of SSc was 5%, and in the metaanalysis 9%. Our observations support use of RHC to confirm the presence of precapillary PH suspected by noninvasive testing. We also identified patients at high risk who should be carefully monitored.
Limited Value of Temporal Artery Ultrasonography Examinations for Diagnosis of Giant Cell Arteritis: Analysis of 77 Subjects
Authors: MALDINI CARLA , DÉPINAY-DHELLEMMES CAROLINE , TRA THI T.S. , CHAUVEAU MICHEL , ALLANORE YANNICK , GOSSEC LAURE , TERRASSE GENEVIÈVE , GUILLEVIN LOÏC , COSTE JOËL , MAHR ALFRED 
Published: September 2010

Objective.Use of TA-US for diagnostic investigation of giant cell arteritis (GCA) has been proposed but remains a matter of debate because of the heterogeneous findings. We retrospectively evaluated operating characteristics of temporal artery ultrasonography (TA-US) in a single teaching hospital.Methods.All subjects with suspected GCA had been seen between 2002 and 2008 and had undergone TA-US with continuous-wave Doppler (until 2004) or color duplex ultrasonography (after 2004), followed within 30 days by a temporal artery biopsy (TAB). TA-US findings were compared with TAB-proven GCA and clinically diagnosed GCA. Results are expressed as sensitivities, specificities, and positive (LR+) and negative likelihood ratios (LR−) of stenoses, occlusions, and the halo sign; for the latter, only color duplex TA-US was considered.Results.Seventy-seven patients fulfilled the selection criteria; 13 had TAB-proven and 19 had clinically defined GCA. Stenoses/occlusions were seen on 45.5% of TA-US and the halo sign was seen only once (3.2%) in 31 duplex TA-US. Respective sensitivities, specificities, LR+, and LR− for GCA diagnosis (using TAB-proven/clinically defined GCA as reference standards) were 69%/53%, 59%/57%, 1.7/1.2, and 0.5/0.8 for stenoses and/or occlusions, and 17%/10%, 100%/100%, infinite/infinite, and 0.8/0.9 for the halo sign.Conclusion.The halo sign showed 100% specificity for GCA but only 10%–17% sensitivity. Stenoses/occlusions were of low diagnostic value. These observations suggest that TA-US is neither an effective substitute for TAB nor a reliable screening test to decide which patients can be safely spared TAB.
Le mythe de l'usage
Authors: Benoist Jocelyn 
Published: September 2010

Résumé À première vue, on peut trouver des similarités frappantes entre les vues de Heidegger et Wittgenstein sur la signification. Les deux auteurs soulignent la connexion entre signification et contexte d’usage. Pourtant, il n’est pas si clair qu’ils partagent le même concept d’usage. Wittgenstein s’intéresse primairement à l’usage des signes (de tout genre de signes). Il lui arrive de considérer des usages non linguistiques, mais il n’y voit jamais un principe de « signification ». En général il semble plutôt réservé quant à tout usage générique du mot « signification » qui rendrait toute relation que nous avons avec les choses dépendante d’une telle « signification ». De ce point de vue, la différence entre la conception herméneutique de la perception heideggérienne et l’analyse grammaticale du percevoir wittgensteinienne, qui donne toute sa portée à la simple facticité de l’être-perçu, est cruciale. Au-delà d’une simple divergence de doctrine, cela signifie que le concept d’« usage », dans sa centralité, joue un rôle tout à fait différent de part et d’autre. Chez Heidegger, celui-ci semble encore constituer quelque chose comme un principe « transcendantal » d’explication : l’ultime fondation possible du sens. Wittgenstein, de son côté, abandonne toute perspective fondationaliste : son insistance sur le concept d’« usage » vise seulement à nous faire accepter le simple fait que nous signifions de quelque façon définie et il y a quelque chose par rapport à quoi nous signifions de cette façon.
Le vote des cités est-il structuré par un clivage ethnique ?
Authors: Braconnier Céline , Dormagen Jean-Yves 
Published: September 2010

Résumé Les résultats présentés dans cet article sont issus d’une enquête de terrain menée entre l’élection présidentielle de 2002 et les élections européennes de 2009 dans une cité HLM de la banlieue Nord de Paris. L’un des résultats de cette étude réside dans le fait d’établir que les identités individuelles et collectives, ainsi que les rapports sociaux sont, dans un quartier de ce type, largement structurés par les catégories de l’ethnicité et de la race. L’ ethnicité pour soi , telle qu’elle est produite et mobilisée par les agents, est, en effet, devenue l’une des composantes identitaires du vote. Le rapport entretenu subjectivement aux « origines » et, plus globalement, l’ ethnicisation des cadres cognitifs constituent des facteurs déterminants permettant de comprendre pourquoi les Français d’origine africaine (qui représentent la moitié des électeurs de la cité) accordent presque exclusivement leurs suffrages à la gauche, tandis qu’une fraction importante des Français dits de « souche » votent en faveur du Front national (ou de Nicolas Sarkozy lors de la dernière élection présidentielle).
Catégorisations ethniques ordinaires et rapport au politique
Authors: Hamidi Camille 
Published: September 2010

Résumé Si les travaux récents font le constat d’une tendance à l’ethnicisation des identités et des rapports sociaux dans les quartiers populaires, la façon dont l’ethnicité influence le rapport au politique reste souvent mystérieuse. Les études du lien entre ethnicité et comportement politique font souvent de celle-ci une variable explicative, sans permettre de comprendre par quels processus elle opère. C’est ce que l’article vise à étudier, en s’appuyant sur une enquête menée par entretiens auprès de jeunes gens issus de l’immigration non européenne, à Vaulx-en-Velin. Il propose une typologie des cartes perceptuelles, des frontières symboliques – territoriales, ethniques et sociales – et des identifications mobilisées par les individus pour se repérer dans le monde ; il examine ensuite leur traduction sur leur rapport au politique.
Transcription Factor Nrf2: Examination of Nuclear Protein Levels by Immunoblotting and Promoter Response Element Binding by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
Authors: Shay Kate Petersen , Smith Eric J. , Hagen Tory M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF‐E2) related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that governs the expression of over a hundred so‐called phase II detoxification and antioxidant genes that are regulated through the antioxidant response element (ARE). Loss of Nrf2 activity has been implicated in cardiovascular disease, inflammation, aging, and cancer. Nrf2 is induced to accumulate in the nucleus when the cell encounters an oxidative stress, a fact that has been exploited experimentally to test the conditions under which ARE‐containing genes are expressed. The nuclear levels of Nrf2 give an indication of whether an experimental treatment results in Nrf2 localization and induction. mRNA levels of phase II genes may be measured as a follow‐up, but in order to show a direct link between nuclear Nrf2 accumulation and increases in gene expression, it is useful to show that Nrf2 binds to AREs in the promoters of target genes. The simplest way to do this is to employ a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay along with an examination of cellular Nrf2 levels by immunoblotting. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 45:17.13.1‐17.13.13. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.