bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN AZOLLA MICHROPHYLLA PADA RANSUM BR-1 TERHADAP KONSUMSI RANSUM, PERTAMBAHAN BOBOT TUBUH, DAN KONVERSI RANSUM AYAM BROILER
Authors: Safira Auliya , Erwanto Erwanto , Septinova Dian , Liman Liman 
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan Azolla microphylla pada ransum komersil terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh, konversi ransum pada broiler. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada Agustus--September 2021, bertempat di Laboratorium Lapang Terpadu Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Lampung. Parameter yang diukur pada penelitian ini yaitu jumlah konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh, dan konversi ransum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental dengan Ranca ngan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan 5 ulangan, perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu P0: Ransum komersil 100% (kontrol); P1: Ransum komersil 97,5% + 2,5 % tepung Azolla microphylla dalam ransum, P2: Ransum komersil 95% + 5,0 % tepung Azolla microphylla dalam ransum, P3: Ransum komersial 92,5% + 7,5% tepung Azolla microphylla dalam ransum. Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragam pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemberian suplementasi tepung Azolla microphylla tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap konsumsi ransum, pertambahan bobot tubuh dan konversi ransum, dan persentase substitusi tepung Azolla microphylla dapat diberikan sampai tingkat 7,5%.
Comparative Legal Analysis of IT Legislation of Russia and Sweden
Authors: Kirillova E. B. 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION. This article provides a compre­hensive analysis of the regulatory frameworks govern­ing the information technology (IT) sector in both Russia and Sweden and encompasses a comparative assessment of key legal instruments, concepts, and regulatory approaches, including the responsibility for cybercrimes, licensing procedures, standardization practices, and the safety of critical informational in­frastructure. Additionally, this article examines the roles and functions of major governing authorities in both countries.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The article is based on relevant legal acts of Russia and Sweden. While there are certain specific laws focused entirely on the informational technologies, some provisions can be found in other types of legal documents (for example criminal codes or governmental regulations). Employ­ing a comparative approach, the study delineates the scope and authority of state institutions involved in the IT sphere.RESEARCH RESULTS. Both Russian and Sweden exhibit similarities when it comes to definition of es­sential concepts such as critical infrastructure, reflect shared concerns regarding for example security issues. Main laws in the area of information technology con­tain a spectrum of key terms, including but not limited to information and communication network / elec­tronic communication network, information system operator, and information protection / network and information system security. Although the list of key definitions may appear quite similar, the Swedish leg­islation tends to offer broader definitions with the in­tention of encompassing larger domains within IT technologies, while the Russian legislators focus on more specific terms. However, while Sweden aligns closely with European Union (EU) regulatory frame­work, Russia adopts a more expansive approach, ad­dressing emerging technological challenges such as AI. In conclusion, achieving effective IT regulation neces­sitates finding a balance between international con­sistency and national adaptability to ensure strong cybersecurity, foster innovation, and maintain regula­tory flexibility in a dynamic digital environment.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. Sweden’s re­liance on implementing EU regulations has its benefits such as harmonisation, interoperability, adopting the internationally recognised practices, easier market ac­cess, etc. However, this approach may limit the coun­try's ability to meet its specific needs and may mean additional administrative burdens associated with compliance with EU directives. Moreover, changes in EU regulations could lead to a necessity to update do­mestic laws, potentially causing regulatory vacuum or legal collisions, especially in such sphere as the IT sec­tor. Nowadays, when for example the AI and its risks are on the daily agenda one can not look away and wait for the international community to agree on the applicable regulation.
Development of Institutional Arbitration in Spain
Authors: Malov O. A. 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION. The development of the statuto­ry regulation of institutional arbitration in Spain has been briefly outlined at the present study. The legal status of arbitral institution, the legal nature of its rights, obligations and liabilities have been examined. The role of arbitral institutions at the current arbitra­tion situation in Spain has been briefly outlined.MATERIALS AND METHODS. The study has been based upon Spanish legislation, key judicial acts and works of Spanish and Latin American experts in the field. General scientific methods of knowledge – analy­sis, synthesis, induction and deduction – have been applied during the study. Special legal methods – for­mal-legal, technical-legal, the method of legal analogy, as well as the comparative legal method – have been also applied.RESEARCH RESULTS. The study demonstrates three factors which obstacle a full-scale development of institutional arbitration in Spain. The first factor is that the commercial arbitration itself has been a new phenomenon and it has been still unknown to the most of the Spanish population except a rather narrow community of professionals. As a consequence, the most of Spanish business community members put their best faith upon the judicial way of disputes reso­lution. As another consequence, confidentiality of pro­ceedings and absence of appellation remedy have been treated rather as weaknesses than advantages of arbi­tration. The second factor is that there has been a deep-rooted point of view across Spanish business and lawyers communities that an arbitrator is rather legal representative of the party he has been appointed by. Which provokes reasonable doubts regarding inde­pendence and impartiality not only of an arbitrator, but an arbitral institution as well. The both factors outcome a low number of arbitrations in Spain and activate the third one. The third factor is a rather low level of competence of arbitrators and arbitral institu­tions staff due to the lack of practice. The study dem­onstrates significant efforts of the leading Spanish ar­bitral institutions in order to eliminate the factors.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. The devel­opment of the statutory regulation of institutional ar­bitration in Spain has been briefly outlined. The legal status of arbitral institution, the legal nature of its rights, obligations and liabilities have been examined. The role of arbitral institutions at the current arbitra­tion situation in Spain has been briefly outlined. Based upon the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that despite a significant progress in im­proving of legal regulation of institutional arbitration and the commercial arbitration as a whole, Spain has still quite a long way to go in order to create an effi­cient system of commercial arbitration and to become an attractive jurisdiction for international commer­cial arbitration as well.
Biological Indicators of Resilience in Mixed and Monoculture Musaceae Production Systems
Authors: Reina Andrea Mariuxi Vásquez , Avila Freddy Agustin Sabando , Aviles Daniel Federico Vera , Herrera-Feijoo Robinson J. 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To examine the impact of intraspecific diversity on the biological resilience and biodiversity of Musaceae production systems against pests and diseases in the Ecuadorian tropics, thereby improving the environmental sustainability of these agricultural systems. Theoretical Framework: Key concepts such as biological resilience, intraspecific diversity of Musaceae, and their relationship with soil health and pest and disease control were explored. The importance of mixed production systems versus monocultures in Musaceae agriculture was discussed. Method: An experimental design with completely randomized blocks was adopted in two locations (El Carmen and La Maná), comparing mixed and monoculture production systems. Three repetitions were used to collect data on the presence of arthropods, earthworms, and soil microorganisms, evaluating their diversity and quantity as indicators of biological resilience and environmental quality. Results and Conclusions: Mixed systems demonstrated greater biodiversity, particularly in the presence of Collembola, earthworms, and various beneficial microorganisms, indicating higher resilience and soil health compared to monocultures. Intraspecific diversity in mixed systems significantly contributes to the sustainability and resilience of Musaceae agroecosystems, suggesting a more resilient and ecologically sustainable production model for tropical agriculture. Originality/Value: This study provides empirical evidence on how intraspecific diversity and mixed production systems can enhance resilience and biodiversity in Musaceae crops, offering sustainable alternatives to face contemporary agricultural challenges in the Ecuadorian tropics.
تفسير اللفظ بحقيقة معناه اللغوي عند السمين الحلبي( رحمه الله) في كتابه عمدة الحفاظ في تفسير أشرف الألفاظ (ت 756هـ) مقارنة مع البحر المحيط لأبي حيان الأندلسي
Authors: خلف علي بشائر عباس , علي عثمان فوزي 
Published: May 2024

الحمدُ لله ربّ العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على سيد المرسلين ،وعلى آله وصحبهِ اجمعين ،أما بعد:
يعدّ هذا الكتاب مصدرا للغويين والمفسرين في آن واحد، فطالب مفردات اللغة يجد ضالته فيه، فهو يلتقي بتحليل مفصل لكلمات القرآن وأصولها واشتقاقاتها وتطورها واستعمالاتها، وكذا المفسر يمكنه الاستعانة به في تفسيره، وهذه تعد أهم مزية لهذا الكتاب.
ومن مزاياه أيضا: ابتداء المؤلف كتابه بفهرس دقيق للمواد التي تناولها في كتابه، وهذا يدّل على دقته وحسن تبويبه وتنظيمه، وأيضاً غناه بغريب الحديث، والشواهد العربية، وبحوث النحو العربي، وأيضا تضمن الكتاب الكثير من الإرشادات البلاغية، إذ قام البحث على تناول بعض الألفاظ بالحقيقة اللغوية عند السمين الحلبي(رحمهُ الله) في كتابهِ، وهي: (الجراد- المطر)، وهذه الألفاظ قد صرح بها السمين الحلبي( رحمهُ الله) في كتابه، وقد اخذت نصيباً من الدراسة في هذا البحث.
اختيارات ابن القَرَّاب للقراءات القرآنية بين الإفراد والجمع
Authors: صالح عبد محمود , طه حسن علي 
Published: May 2024

إنَّ طبيعة العمل في هذا البحث اقتضت أن يكون متضمنًا على مقدمة ذكرت فيها عنوان الموضوع فقد وسمته بـ( اختيارات ابن القَرَّاب للقراءات القرآنية بين الإفراد والجمع), وقد قسم البحث على مبحثين أولهما اختيار المفرد على الجمع والثاني اختيار الجمع على المفرد, والذي يعنى بالمفردات التي وردت بقراءات متعددة الاوجه بين المفرد والجمع, وذكرت أقوال العلماء والقرّاء واختياراتهم في هذه المسائل, أمّا منهجي في البحث، فكان قائماً على ذكر عنوان المسألة، وبعده الآية القرآنية التي تخص المسألة المذكورة، وتخريج القراءة من كتب القراءات، ومن ثم حجة كل قراءة، على أن تقدَّم القراءة غير المختارة، ومن ثم التأصيل لها من كتب الصرف، وعند الانتهاء من عرض وتحليل المسألة أقدِّم رأيًا لي أحيانًا, فخاتمة البحث التي ضمنتها نتائج البحث التي توصلت اليها من خلال البحث, قائمة
المصادر التي اعتمدتها في البحث, الله أسأل أن يوفقنا لما فيه خيري الدنيا والآخرة.
الخصائص المناخية لأمطار العراق خلال القرن العشرين
Authors: إبراهيم رافع خضير , شهاب احمد طه 
Published: May 2024

يتم من خلال هذا الدراسة تناول التغيرات المناخية المسجلة والمتوقعة في العراق لعنصر التساقط المطري من خلال تحليل بيانات السلسلة الزمنية للمدة (1900-1999م) حيث سيتم فيها تحديد ونمذجة ما تم من تغيرات في مجاميع الامطار السنوية والفصلية في العراق اذ تم الاعتماد على قاعدة بيانات التغيرات المناخية التاريخية (historical climate simulation ) وذلك لعدم توفر تسجيلات دقيقة للتساقط المطري في العراق بعد ، وان توفرت لسنوات لاحقة في بعض المحطات فهي غير منتظمة التسجيل وتقتصر على محطات قليلة جدا. وقد تم التركيز في دراسة التغيرات المناخية للعراق على عنصر التساقط المطري وإسقاطاته المستقبلية لكونه من اهم العناصر المناخية وذات التأثير المباشر في حياة الانسان وباقي عناصر المناخ الأخرى ، وتم اعتماد المجموع الشهري للتساقط المطري لكونه يمثل الاتجاه العام لطبيعة التساقط بشكل واضح.
فاعلية برنامج تعليمي قائم على المدخل الانساني في تحصيل طلبة قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في مادة أسس التربية
Authors: طراد الحجامي علاء فليح , الجبوري محمود خليل 
Published: May 2024

ترمي هذه الدراسة الى معرفة (فاعلية برنامج تعليمي قائم على المدخل الانساني في تحصيل طلبة قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في مادة اسس التربية) هذه الدراسة هي مستلة من اطروحة دكتوراه ولتحقيق ذلك اختار الباحثان عينة بلغت (60) طالب وطالبة من طلبة قسم العلوم التربوية والنفسية في جامعة القادسية ، وقد صاغ الباحثان الفرضية الصفرية الاتية (ليس هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0،05) بين متوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة التجريبية، الذين يدرسون مادة اسس التربية على وفق البرنامج التعليميّ، ومتوسط درجات طلبة المجموعة الضابطة، الذين يدرسون المادة نفسها على وفق (الطريقة التقليدية) كافأ الباحثان بين مجموعتي التجربة (عينة الدراسة) احصائياً باستعمال الاختبار التائي (T-test) لعينتين مستقلتين ومربع كاي (كا2)، ومتغيرات العمر الزمني محسوباً بالشهور،وتحصيل الوالدين قبل إجراء التجربة ولم تكن هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين المجموعتين في هذه المتغيرات ولقد أعد الباحثان فقرات اختبار تحصيلي مكوناً من (64) فِقرة اختبار, وخططـاً تدريسية لكلا المجموعتين, عَرضت نماذج منها على مجموعة من المحكمين، ولتحليل النتائج استعمل الباحثان اختبار (T-test) في معالجة نتائج التجربة احصائياً .توصل الباحثان في نهاية التجربة الى تفوق طلبة المجموعة التجريبية على طلبة المجموعة التقليدية ، وكانت الفروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين طلبة المجموعتين (التجريبية والضابطة) ، ولصالح المجموعة التجريبية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) .
Flowfield Analysis of Vortex Interactions During Large Sharp-Edged Gusts
Authors: Bonnet Carlota , Smith Marilyn J. 
Published: May 2024

Uncrewed air vehicles in urban environments will have flights during terminal operations that are dominated by strong transient aerodynamics. These vehicles are not only lighter and smaller than traditional rotorcraft and helicopters, but in many instances they may be hybrid configurations with lifting surfaces similar to those of fixed-wing aircraft. These differences require further understanding of the physics of these transient aerodynamics, specifically large-amplitude transverse gusts and the resulting vehicle response, where classic indicial theory is no longer valid. This is crucial to the safety and certification of these air vehicles near buildings and populations. Prior efforts identified that gust responses depart from traditional linear theory when the leading-edge vortex (LEV) forms as a distinct feature and departs from the lifting surface, resulting in flow nonlinearities. This paper expands our understanding of the interactional physics of these nonlinear transverse gusts with flow separation. LEV and trailing-edge vortex (TEV) behavior are correlated, and these vortex interactions are studied to understand the impact on flow separation and subsequent aerodynamic behavior. Larger gust ratios are observed to increase the LEV normal translation, while flow separation is driven by the location and magnitude of the TEV.
Correlates of nicotine dependence among patients visiting a tobacco cessation centre in India: A retrospective analysis
Authors: CHAHAR PUNEET , MOHANTY VIKRANT R. , Y. B. ASWINI , RIJHWANI KAVITA 
Published: May 2024

Background
We did a retrospective secondary analysis of 1-year data of a tobacco cessation clinic (TCC) to assess correlates of nicotine dependence among tobacco users visiting the TCC at a tertiary care dental hospital.

Methods
Secondary data were obtained from the records of patients who had visited the TCC from January to December 2019. Of the 1436 records, 1144 were found to contain all the information needed for the study. Patient records were obtained from a pre-validated standard TCC patient assessment sheet (PAS), which included various sections: Sociodemo-graphic items, tobacco use profile items, nicotine dependence status, strategy used for cessation and follow-up details.

Results
Of the 1144 proformas, 97.1% (n=1111) were of men and 2.9% (n=33) were of women. Around 48.5% had medium nicotine dependence followed by high nicotine dependence (29.7%) and low nicotine dependence (21.8%). The mean (SD) age of initiation of tobacco use was 26.1 (9.44) years and a significantly lower age of initiation was observed in patients with high nicotine dependence. Greater number of years of tobacco use was significantly associated with high nicotine dependence. About 47% of patients had attempted to quit tobacco in the past and the quitting attempts were found to be significantly higher in patients with high dependence.

Conclusion
We explored crucial determinants of nicotine dependence among tobacco users reporting to the TCC. These factors may be incorporated in routine assessment of the tobacco use status and may be used in tailored cessation counselling strategies.
Workplace violence against physicians in intensive care units in Turkey: A cross-sectional study
Authors: ERNUR DAMLA , HANCI VOLKAN , GÖKMEN NECATÝ 
Published: May 2024

Background
Although there are many studies on violence against physicians in the literature, there are few studies on violence against physicians working in intensive care units (ICUs). We aimed to investigate the frequency, type and underlying factors of violence against physicians working in ICUs in Turkey in the past 1 year.

Methods
We collected data by sending a questionnaire about violence against physicians working in ICUs via e-mail and WhatsApp between 1 and 15 May 2022. IBM SPSS Statistics V.24.0 was used for data analysis. The chi-square test and Fisher precision test were used to compare categorical data.

Results
Over one-third (38.6%) of the 354 physicians participating in our study reported that they had been exposed to violence in the past year, while 20.7% reported that they had been exposed to violence more than once in the past year. There was a significant relationship between the frequency of exposure to violence, female gender, age group, title, subspecialization status, working style and duration of working in the ICU (p<0.05). There was no relationship between the working area, type of hospital and ICU and exposure to violence (p>0.05). The presence of restriction and control points at the entrance to ICUs prevented violence (p<0.05).

Conclusion
Physicians working in ICUs encounter violence against them. The frequency of violence increased after the Covid-19 pandemic. A significant relationship was found between the frequency of violence and female gender, age group, title, subspecialization status, working style and duration of working in ICUs.
Development of an analytical rubric and estimation of its validity and inter-rater reliability for assessing reflective narrations
Authors: VENUGOPAL VINAYAGAMOORTHY , DONGRE AMOL , KAGNE RAJENDRAKUMAR NIVARATIRAO 
Published: May 2024

Background
Reflective practice is an integral component of continuing professional development. However, assessing the written narration is complex and difficult. Rubric is a potential tool that can overcome this difficulty. We aimed to develop, validate and estimate inter-rater reliability of an analytical rubric used for assessing reflective narration.

Methods
A triangulation type of mixed-methods design (Qual-Nominal group Technique, Quan-Analytical follow-up design and Qual-Open-ended response) was adopted to achieve the study objectives. Faculties involved in the active surveillance of Covid-19 participated in the process of development of assessment rubrics. The reflective narrations of medical interns were assessed by postgraduates with and without the rubric. Steps recommended by the assessment committee of the University of Hawaii were followed to develop rubrics. Content validity index and inter-rater reliability measures were estimated.

Results
An analytical rubric with eight criteria and four mastery levels yielding a maximum score of 40 was developed. There was a significant difference in the mean score obtained by interns when rated without and with the developed rubrics. Kendall’s coefficient of concordance, which is a measure of concordance of scorers among more than two scorers, was higher after using rubrics.

Conclusion
Our attempt to develop an analytical rubric for assessing reflective narration was successful in terms of the high content validity index and better inter-rater concordance. The same process can be replicated to develop any such analytical rubric in the future.
Analysis of High-Resolution CT Diagnosis for Pulmonary Ground-Glass Nodules
Authors: Shen Jianxin 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of high-resolution CT for pulmonary ground-glass nodules. Methods: 60 patients with pulmonary ground-glass nodules admitted from June 2021 to December 2022 were selected as research subjects. All patients underwent surgical pathological and high-resolution CT examinations, and the findings observed under high-resolution CT were recorded. The surgical pathology examination results were used as the benchmark in determining the size of the ground-glass nodules and analyzing the detection rate of various signs of benign and malignant lesions and the consistency of the diagnostic results. Results: After surgical pathological examination, 42 cases were determined to be malignant lesions, and 18 cases were benign lesions. The maximum diameter of pulmonary ground-glass nodules ranged from 5 to 35 mm (10.79 ± 0.71 mm). The detection rate of malignant lesions was higher than that of benign lesions. The consistency of the results of high-resolution CT examination for lesions was 88.33%, and the misdiagnosis rate was 11.67%. The accurate identification rate of malignant pulmonary ground-glass nodules was higher than that of benign pulmonary ground-glass nodules (P < 0.05). Conclusion: High-resolution CT is highly accurate in diagnosing pulmonary ground-glass nodules, especially malignant ones.
Clinical Efficacy of Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumors and its Impact on Patient Prognosis
Authors: Zhou Bing 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To explore the clinical benefits of transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TURBT) in treating bladder cancer. Methods: 60 bladder cancer cases were divided into a control group and an observational group according to their surgical plans. The control group underwent traditional open surgery, while the observation group underwent TURBT. The general surgical observation indicators, postoperative complication rates, and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results: The operative time, urinary catheter indwelling time, and hospitalization time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group. Besides, the observation group also had smaller intraoperative blood loss compared to the control group. The postoperative complications and the disease recurrence rate after 1 year of follow-up of the observation group were both lower than those of the control group (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups after 1 year of follow-up (P > 0.05). Conclusion: TURBT can shorten the operative time and accelerate the recovery of bladder cancer patients. Besides, it also has a lower risk of postoperative complications and recurrence. Therefore, it should be popularized in clinical practice.