Моделирование телеметрической системы передачи информации с учётом сложного характера движения объекта контроля
Authors: Васильев В.С. , Ивлев Д.Н. , Орлов И.Я. , Семенов В.Ю. 
Published: February 2025

Проведено имитационное моделирование структуры и конкретных способов кодирования сигнала, разнесённого приёма, методов совместной обработки сигналов, принятых несколькими приёмными пунктами системы приёма телеметрической информации. С учётом условий передачи, приёма и распространения сигнала определены характеристики качества приёма информации (вероятность битовых ошибок, пропускная способность и надёжность канала).
Introduction. When receiving telemetry data from a mobile high-speed object (MHSO), numerous challenges arise due to the dynamic trajectory of the MHSO, a wide range of flight altitudes, spatial movement of transmitting antenna radiation patterns, and the multi-beam nature of radio wave propagation. These factors result in periodic deep and prolonged signal fading received by recording equipment. In such conditions, diversity reception using multiple reception points (RP) becomes necessary. Analytically assessing the state of such a communication channel is nearly impossible, given the dynamic nature of the MHSO and the various positioning options for MHSO and RP antennas. The goal of this study is to develop and implement a software-based model for transmitting telemetric data from the MHSO board, enabling the calculation of data reception quality characteristics such as bit error probability, throughput, and channel reliability. Research methods. The telemetry data transmission and reception system model comprises a signal propagation environment model and signal processing algorithms in the transmitter and receivers. The propagation environment model is primarily based on well-established analytical expressions describing radio wave propagation considering the influence of underlying surfaces, supplemented partly by simulation techniques to calculate the power of the signal component scattered over a large area of the underlying surface. Simulation modeling is also employed to implement signal processing algorithms. Results.A simulation model of a telemetric communication system has been developed, capturing the main physical processes in the "transmitter – propagation medium – receivers – joint digital signal processing" system. Test simulation results obtained in a specific model scenario align well with the physical processes of radio wave propagation, transmission, and reception by antenna systems, as well as diversity reception theory. Conclusion. The practical utility of the developed model lies in its ability to predict signal reception quality under given external conditions and to preliminarily determine the required configuration of transmitting antennas, installation locations of receiving points, and other telemetry system parameters ensuring the desired level of reception quality and reliability. The scientific significance of the study includes obtaining a new tool for analyzing complex dynamic radio channels in telemetry systems and demonstrating the possibility of continuous high-quality reception of telemetric data from the MHSO board during flight along a descending trajectory with constant spatial position changes of the two transmitting antennas.