bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of a Pilot Outreach Program to Support Point-of-Care Screening in Individuals with Diabetes who are Experiencing Homelessness in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Scott Sara , Grewal Eshleen K. , Campbell David J.T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Accessing diabetes care, including screening for microvascular complications, requires effort and time. Social complexity, such as homelessness, often forces individuals to prioritize securing shelter and safety over medical appointments, particularly for the prevention of long-term complications.
Methods
We designed and conducted a non-randomized pilot study of a point-of-care screening program with expedited referral pathways within two inner-city community sites in Calgary, Canada which are accessed by individuals experiencing homelessness. Adults experiencing homelessness and diabetes were recruited through the host sites and invited to two separate visits. Microvascular screening (retinal fundoscopic images, albumin-to-creatinine ratio testing, and foot neurovascular assessment), glycemic monitoring, and footcare were performed at the first visit. The nurse shared the screening results and helped facilitate follow-up at the second visit. We compared the screening completion rates after visiting our program to historical screening over the past two years, based on chart review and patient reports. We also assessed the domains of reach and implementation as per the RE-AIM framework.
Results
Compared to the previous two years, participants (n = 40) experienced a 2.9-fold increase in peripheral neuropathy screening; a 1.7-fold increase in diabetic retinopathy screening; and a 90% increase in diabetic nephropathy screening. We also documented a 73% increase in glycemic monitoring. Most participants (83%) attended both clinic visits. Despite this unique model, challenges facilitating follow-up specialist visits remain, with fewer than half of referred patients attending follow-up visits. The cost of the pilot ($846/visit) illustrates this model requires modifications to yield optimal value.
Conclusions
Our findings show the SAFER model significantly increased screening rates for our sample, however, innovative approaches to healthcare are still needed for this population. Potential value-based adjustments include partnering with more community sites already servicing this population and expanding the scope of the care offered and the target population.
Design and performance analysis of a robot flexible connection device based on quasi-zero-stiffness mechanism
Authors: Ju Jinyong , Ji Xuyang , Liu Yufei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

For suppressing the vibration excitation transmission from the robot to the elastic component during robotic handling, a new type of quasi-zero-stiffness flexible connection device (QZSCD) is designed. By introducing the tilt linkage on the basis of traditional quasi-zero-stiffness isolator with three oblique springs, the QZSCD can actively adapt to varying load conditions. According to the static equilibrium relationship, the conditions that the QZSCD has zero-stiffness at the equilibrium position are obtained. Then, the optimal structure parameters of the QZSCD are determined based on maximizing the system quasi-zero-stiffness interval. And the quantitative relationship between the angle of the tilt linkage and the load mass is investigated. Furthermore, a unified dynamic equation for the QZSCD under varying load conditions is established. The influences of the structural parameters, the tilt linkage angle, and the load mass on the vibration response and displacement transmission characteristics of the QZSCD are analyzed. Simulation and experimental results indicate that by actively adjusting the tilt linkage angle, the QZSCD can ensure good vibration transmission suppression performance under varying load conditions during the robotic handling of the elastic component.
Challenges in Online Social Networks (OSNs) Deal with Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Khan Hafiza Saba , Fatima Ubaida , Asrar Kashif 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Climate change has become a rapid debate among the people because of the drastic challenges faced by the entire world. The Online Social Networking (OSN) site bestowed the medium of discussion where people share their opinions and concerns. In this research, the primary dataset is extracted by using the keyword #climatechange from the renowned OSN site X formerly known as Twitter for sentiment analysis. The objective of the study is to explore the topic of discussion conferred in the considered climate change dataset. This task is achieved with the help of a manually designed program in which three factors of climate change are inspected and analyzed. The TextBlob tool is employed for the annotation of the deemed factors. The results are interpreted with the help of three supervised machine learning classifiers namely Logistic Regression, Naïve Bayes, and Support Vector Machine. These three techniques are implemented to compare and contrast the results based on four parameters precision, recall, f1-score, and accuracy of the model. The Naïve Bayes classifier shows a significant performance among all the other classifiers.
Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway via XAV939 does not mitigate Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis Running Title: XAV939 does not mitigate Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Liang Shao-jie , Wang Kun , Mao Da-bin , Ouyang Qianqian , Xie Li-wei , Zhu Da-jian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is known to be hyperactivated during the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). This study aimed to explore the therapeutic efficacy of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, XAV939, in mitigating UC symptoms. Utilizing a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model, we aimed to evaluate the impact of XAV939 on intestinal morphology through hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and to measure the expression levels of critical proteins within the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade. Contrary to our expectations, XAV939 did not exert a significant influence on the morphological features and inflammatory status of the intestinal epithelium. Nonetheless, XAV939 was found to effectively suppress the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and its downstream target SOX9. This suppression implies a reduction in the differentiation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) into secretory cell progenitor cells. Additionally, XAV939 was ineffective in reversing the DSS-induced decline of Villin and PPAR-γ, suggesting that it does not facilitate the differentiation of intestinal absorptive cells. Our findings indicate that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may not be the predominant mechanism in the pathogenesis of DSS-induced UC.
Neural markers of methylphenidate response in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the impact on executive function
Authors: Wang Anqi , Yang Hua , Yang Yue , Yang Jie , Yang Xiaowen , Wen Qianhui , Wang Qian , Liu Hao , Luo Rong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Currently, objective biomarkers of methylphenidate (MPH) for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are lacking. Many symptoms of ADHD are associated with impaired executive function. We investigated the effects of MPH on executive function based on an electroencephalogram (EEG) and looked for biomarkers of responsiveness to methylphenidate in ADHD.
Methods
Twenty-two children with ADHD (18 males, 4 females; mean age 8.72 ± 1.46 years). All patients were treated with oral MPH 18 mg/day in the morning for 8 weeks. Executive function assessment and event-related potential (ERP) acquisition were completed at baseline and after 8 weeks of MPH treatment.
Results
We found that the BRIEF2 multiple factor scores in children with ADHD were significantly reduced after treatment with MPH (P < 0.05). The correct response time was lower than that at baseline, and the correctness rate was higher than that at baseline (P = 0.011, P = 0.016). Nogo-P300 latency at Fz was shorter than that at baseline (P < 0.001), and the latency at Pz was shorter than at baseline (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Normalization of the P300 components by MPH is a predictor of efficacy in children with ADHD who respond positively to this treatment. Thus, MPH can improve executive function deficits.
Enhancing Classification of Imbalanced Data using CA-SMOTE
Authors: Patil Sachin , Velankar Vikram , Mahajan Ruturaj 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Imbalanced data classification poses challenges across domains like medical diag- nosis and fraud detection. While SMOTE addresses this by oversampling, its limitations include noise and overfitting. Variants like ADASYN offer improve- ments but still have drawbacks. To tackle these issues, CA-SMOTE emerges, leveraging both minority and majority classes to create diverse synthetic sam- ples. By closely aligning with the data distribution, CA-SMOTE aims to enhance model accuracy and reliability. Comparative evaluations demonstrate its supe- riority over SMOTE and other modern techniques in terms of F1-score and AUC-ROC. CA-SMOTE presents a promising avenue for improving imbalanced data classification across various real-world applications.
1H, 13C and 15N assignment of self-complemented MrkA protein antigen from Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Monaci Valentina , Gasperini Gianmarco , Banci Lucia , Micoli Francesca , Cantini Francesca 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) poses an escalating threat to public health, particularly given its association with nosocomial infections and its emergence as a leading cause of neonatal sepsis, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Host cell adherence and biofilm formation of Kp is mediated by type 1 and type 3 fimbriae whose major fimbrial subunits are encoded by the fimA and mrkA genes, respectively. In this study, we focus on MrkA subunit, which is a 20 KDa protein whose 3D molecular structure remains elusive. We applied solution NMR to characterize a recombinant version of MrkA in which the donor strand segment situated at the protein's N-terminus is relocated to the C-terminus, preceded by a hexaglycine linker. This construct yields a self-complemented variant of MrkA. Remarkably, the self-complemented MrkA monomer loses its capacity to interact with other monomers and to extend into fimbriae structures. We succeed to assign the 13C-15N- self-complemented MrkA monomer, with carbon atoms resonances accounting for 81%, backbone nitrogen atoms resonances for 92%, and proton resonances for 92%. Furthermore, an examination of its internal mobility unveiled that relaxation parameters are predominantly uniform across the polypeptide sequence, except for the glycine-rich region within loop 175-180. These data pave the way to a comprehensive structural elucidation of the MrkA monomer and to structurally map the molecular interaction regions between MrkA and antigen-induced antibodies.
Heat and Economics: Climate Change's Influence on Madagascar's GDP
Authors: Josué ANDRIANADY R. , Fitiavan Randriamifidy M. , Jovianah Andrianavony K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Employing a VAR model, this research delves into Mada-gascar’s economic dynamics, particularly its GDP growth, agricultural production, and land use, with a pronounced emphasis on the profound influence of temperature fluctuations. The results illuminate the intricate interplay between economic activities and climatic variations, em-phasizing the susceptibility of the economy to temperature changes. This underscores the urgency of formulating adaptive strategies that mitigate the adverse effects of temperature fluctuations, enabling not only economic growth but also environmental sustainability—a synergy crucial for Madagascar’s prosperous future.
Tourism's Impact on Inclusive Growth and CO2 Emissions in the Case of Madagascar
Authors: Josué ANDRIANADY R. , Andreas Jonathan M. , Alyda CAMARA E. , RANDRIANANTENAINA Kantotiana S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This research investigates the multifaceted relationship between tourism, economic growth, and carbon emis-sions in Madagascar. Regression analyses were con-ducted to examine the impact of tourism receipts on eco-nomic growth and tourist arrivals on CO2 levels. The re-sults indicate a significant positive association between tourism and economic growth, highlighting the sector’s pivotal role in driving Madagascar’s economy. Con-versely, tourist arrivals were found to contribute to in-creased carbon emissions, emphasizing the need for sus-tainable tourism practices to mitigate environmental im-pacts. Additionally, recommendations are provided for enhancing road infrastructure, promoting ecotourism, diversifying touristic offerings, digitizing tourism ser-vices, promoting environmental sustainability, investing in continuous training for tourism personnel, and foster-ing public-private partnerships to stimulate further de-velopment in Madagascar’s tourism sector.
A Systematic Review of Financial Risk Early Warning in Higher Education Institutions
Authors: CHAO YU , Elias Nur Fazidah Binti , Yahya Yazrina Binti , Jenal Ruzzakiah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Early warning of financial risk is critical for developing higher educational institutions (HEIs). This review uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method to discuss the current research status, leading causes, early warning techniques, and algorithms of financial risk management in HEIs. Based on the WoS database, 139 articles meeting the research criteria were selected from 451 relevant literature for in-depth analysis. The results show that the current research on financial risk management in HEIs mainly focuses on developing risk identification, assessment, and early warning models. The primary sources of university financial risk include the instability of fundraising and distribution, decreased financial allocation, and intensified market competition. In response to these risks, scholars have proposed various early warning models and technologies, such as univariate, multivariable, and artificial neural network models, to predict and manage these risks better. In terms of methodology, this review provides a comprehensive perspective on the study of university financial risk through quantitative and qualitative analysis. This study reveals the main research trends and gaps in this field through literature screening and cluster analysis. Finally, this study discusses the practical significance of financial risk management in HEIs. It makes suggestions for future research directions, especially in improving the accuracy and applicability of early warning systems. This literature review has important theoretical value for the academic community and provides practical guidance for HEI administrators.
The Effect of Monetary Policy on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from BRICS Nations
Authors: Singh Satendra Kumar , Verma Reetika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study attempts to empirically explore how monetary policy influences economic growth in BRICS nation. The interconnections shared by economic growth and monetary policy measures has been investigated by employing different statistical methods including fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS) and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS). Cointegration and causality analysis has also been utilized. Long term connections among the studied variables has been revealed by the co-integration test. The regression analyses demonstrated that money supply positively and significantly impacts the economic growth. The causality test also revealed significant linkages of the economic growth with money supply as well as with capital formation and interest rates. Other considered variables like annual population growth, nominal exchange rate and percentage of total natural resources to GDP were not found to have any connection with the economic growth of the BRICS nation. The results emphasize that among the factors studied, money supply most significantly influences economic growth of BRICS nation. Policymakers and the monetary authorities might gain useful insights from the findings. The monetary policy initiatives should be more focused to improve the overall economic development. The findings suggest to enhance the impact of monetary policy in the region through promoting greater financial inclusion. As broadening the access to financial services could potentially help in stimulating the economic growth. Furthermore, it is suggested to the monetary authorities of BRICS nation to make revisions in the existing monetary strategies. This revision should focus on improving aspects that do not currently support economic growth.
Exploring Therapeutic Frontiers: Unveiling the Potential of Natural Diterpenoid Derivatives in Addressing Neurological Disorders
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Gupta Jeetendra Kumar , Jain Divya , Kumar Shivendra , Saha Sunam , Sharma Ashwani 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Neurological disorders present a formidable challenge in healthcare, necessitating the
continuous exploration of innovative therapeutic avenues. This review delves into the burgeoning
field of natural diterpenoid derivatives and their promising role in addressing neurological
disorders. Derived from natural sources, these compounds exhibit a diverse range of pharmacological
properties, positioning them as potential agents for treating conditions such as Alzheimer's
and Parkinson's disease. The review highlights recent advancements, shedding light on the
multifaceted mechanisms through which diterpenoid derivatives exert their effects, from antiinflammatory
to neuroprotective actions. As the scientific community navigates the translational
journey from bench to bedside, integrating these natural compounds into neurotherapeutics
emerges as a compelling prospect. This exploration of the therapeutic frontiers of natural
diterpenoid derivatives signifies a significant step towards innovative and effective strategies in
the management of neurological disorders. It highlights the potential of natural compounds to
revolutionize neurotherapeutics.
A Comprehensive Review on the Significance of Cysteine in Various
Metabolic Disorders; Particularly CVD, Diabetes, Renal Dysfunction, and
Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Aziz Namra , Wal Pranay , Sinha Rishika , Shirode Prashant Ramesh , Chakraborthy GunoSindhu , Sharma Mukesh Chandra , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: May 2024

:
Metabolic disorders have long been a challenge for medical professionals and are a
leading cause of mortality in adults. Diabetes, cardiovascular disorders (CVD), renal dysfunction,
and ischemic stroke are the most prevalent ailments contributing to a high mortality rate worldwide.
Reactive oxygen species are one of the leading factors that act as a fundamental root cause
of metabolic syndrome. All of these disorders have their respective treatments, which, to some degree,
sabotage the pathological worsening of the disease and an inevitable death. However, they
pose a perilous health hazard to humankind. Cysteine, a functional amino acid shows promise for
the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, such as CVD, Diabetes mellitus, renal dysfunction,
and ischemic stroke. In this review, we explored whether cysteine can eradicate reactive
oxygen species and subsequently prevent and treat these diseases.
Wound Healing Effects of Liposomal Nanocurcumin and PL Pro Nanocurcumin on Thermal Burn and Skin Ulcer
Authors: Pham Anh Van Thi , Luong Anh Quang , Dao Dung Kim Thi , Nguyen Vy Nhat Dao , Nguyen Tam Cong , Dao Thoa Thi , Luu Long Hai , Luu Lan Hai , Dong Gioi Huy , Bui Huong Thu Thi , Tran Tung Thanh , Dau Duong Thuy , Van Nguyen Hai , Luu Minh Hai , Nguyen Loan Thanh Thi 
Published: May 2024

Background
Burn injuries and skin ulcers are important health problems resulting in physical and psychological scars and chronic disabilities. This study investigated the wound-healing effects of liposomal nanocurcumin and PL pro nanocurcumin on thermal burns in rats and doxorubicin-induced skin ulcers in mice and their systemic toxicity.

Methods
Having subjected to a cylindrical hot steel rod onto the dorsum, burned lesions were covered topically with silver sulfadiazine/liposomal nanocurcumin/PL pro nanocurcumin twice a day for 21 days. Besides, the other skin lesions which were induced by a single intradermal injection of doxorubicin on the dorsal region were topically administered with dimethyl sulfoxide/liposomal nanocurcumin/PL pro nanocurcumin twice a day for 21 days.

Results
The results indicated that liposomal nanocurcumin and PL pro nanocurcumin significantly reduced the wound size, increased the hydroxyproline content in animals’ skin, and improved the histopathological structure of the affected tissues. Specifically, liposomal nanocurcumin demonstrated better healing results than PL pro nanocurcumin on thermal burns. Furthermore, topical administration of liposomal and PL pro nanocurcumin was deemed not to exert any systemic toxicity to the wounded animals by not influencing considerably the hematological parameters and renal and hepatic functions and altering the histology of the liver and kidney. Additionally, liposomal nanocurcumin and PL pro nanocurcumin with average sizes of 206 nm and 344 nm were well-dispersed in water, accentuating that the disadvantages of limited water solubility have been overcome.

Conclusion
Thus, liposomal nanocurcumin and PL pro nanocurcumin exerted effective effects on burned wounds and skin ulcers whilst triggering no systemic toxicity in wounded animals.
Understanding Risk Factors for Oropharyngeal Gonorrhea Among Sex Workers Attending Sexual Health Clinics in 2 Australian Cities: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Phillips Tiffany R , Fairley Christopher K , Maddaford Kate , McNulty Anna , Donovan Basil , Guy Rebecca , McIver Ruthy , Wigan Rebecca , Varma Rick , Ong Jason J , Callander Denton , Skelsey Gabrielle , Pony Mish , O'Hara Dylan , Bilardi Jade E , Chow Eric PF 
Published: May 2024

Background
The risk factors for oropharyngeal gonorrhea have not been examined in sex workers despite the increasing prevalence of gonorrhea infection.

Objective
This study aims to determine the risk factors for oropharyngeal gonorrhea in female and gender-diverse sex workers (including cisgender and transgender women, nonbinary and gender fluid sex workers, and those with a different identity) and examine kissing, oral sex, and mouthwash practices with clients.

Methods
This mixed methods case-control study was conducted from 2018 to 2020 at 2 sexual health clinics in Melbourne, Victoria, and Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. We recruited 83 sex workers diagnosed with oropharyngeal gonorrhea (cases) and 581 sex workers without (controls). Semistructured interviews with 19 sex workers from Melbourne were conducted.

Results
In the case-control study, the median age of 664 sex workers was 30 (IQR 25-36) years. Almost 30% of sex workers (192/664, 28.9%) reported performing condomless fellatio on clients. Performing condomless fellatio with clients was the only behavior associated with oropharyngeal gonorrhea (adjusted odds ratio 3.6, 95% CI 1.7-7.6; P=.001). Most participants (521/664, 78.5%) used mouthwash frequently. In the qualitative study, almost all sex workers reported kissing clients due to demand and generally reported following clients’ lead with regard to kissing style and duration. However, they used condoms for fellatio because they considered it a risky practice for contracting sexually transmitted infections, unlike cunnilingus without a dental dam.

Conclusions
Our study shows that condomless fellatio is a risk factor for oropharyngeal gonorrhea among sex workers despite most sex workers using condoms with their clients for fellatio. Novel interventions, particularly targeting the oropharynx, will be required for oropharyngeal gonorrhea prevention.