bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined analysis of five observational studies evaluating the efficacy and tolerability of bimatoprost/timolol fixed combination in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension
Authors: PFENNIGSDORF S , DE JONG L , MAKK S , FOURNICHOT Y , MORGAN‐WARREN RJ , MALTMAN J 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a fixed combination (FC) of bimatoprost 0.3 mg/ml and timolol 5.0 mg/ml (BTFC; Ganfort®) in patients with primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) or ocular hypertension (OHT).Methods This was a combined analysis of five prospective, observational studies involving 5556 patients from 830 centres in Germany, Switzerland, Netherlands, Austria and France. All treatment decisions were at the physician’s discretion.Results In the study population, 78% had POAG and the remainder had OHT. Patients were monitored for a median of 14 weeks. Overall, 93% (n = 5164) had received prior therapy; 47% receiving timolol. The most frequent reason for switching to BTFC (in 81% of patients with prior therapy) was insufficient intraocular pressure (IOP) control. Over the treatment period, mean IOP decreased from 21.5 to 16.1 mmHg with BTFC (25% reduction). BTFC reduced IOP in patients previously receiving prostaglandin monotherapy, β‐blocker, carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (CAI) and FCs containing a prostaglandin or CAI plus β‐blocker. In categorical analyses, physicians rated BTFC efficacy as ‘very good’ or ‘good’ in 86% of patients. BTFC tolerability was rated ‘very good’ or ‘good’ by 70% of physicians and 65% of patients. Adverse events were recorded for 9.7% (n = 541) of patients: the most common were eye irritation (2.8%) and ocular hyperaemia (2.2%).Conclusion When used in a real‐life clinical setting, BTFC was well tolerated and effective in the management of POAG and OHT.
Commercial interest
The impact of brimonidine on the loss of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in glaucoma diabetic patients
Authors: SMEDOWSKI A , WYLEGALA E , ORSKI M , WOJCIK L 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Brimonidine has proved protective effects on Retinal Ganglion Cells (in animal researches with intravitreal injection), but when used in topical application, its neuroprotective activity has not been unequivocally confirmed. A trail to evaluate potential neuroprotective effect of brimonidine on RNFL in Glaucoma patients.Methods After a retrospective analysis of 1800 patients data, we selected 98, who revealed a significant RNFL thickness loss (21 had Diabetes). We compared the rate of RFNL loss between the group of 53 patients (100 eyes) treated with brimonidine and 45 (90 eyes) treated with other drugs.Results In patients with well‐controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) there is statistically significant relationship between the use of brimonidine and loss of RNFL thickness (p <0.01) and an annual rate of RNFL loss (p=0.01).Conclusion The potentially neuroprotective effect of brimonidine depends on IOP. The higher than normal IOP will limit this potential effect.
Effectivness of brimonidin and dorsolamid as additional therapy to beta‐blockers‐comparable analysis
Authors: RADUNOVIC M , RADUNOVIC M , RADUNOVIC A , KUJUNDZIC H 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this survey is comparison of brimonidin and dorsolamid effect as an additional therapy for primary open angle glaucoma patients already treated with beta‐blockers.Methods Primary open angle glaucoma patients treated with beta‐blockers and who had unregulated IOP were divided in two groups: the first one was additionally treated with 0,2% Brimonidin, and the second one with 2% Trusopt. The therapy was administered twice a day to all the patients. IOP and visual field changes and progression were followed up in next six months. Analysis and comparison of IOP and computerised visual field was done after 4, 12, 16 and 24 weeks from the treatment beginning.Results We have followed up 80 patients in total, 40 in the group treated with 0,2% Brimonidin and 40 in the group treated with 2% Trusopt. 48 patients or 60% were women. We didn’t noticed any significant differences in visual field defects progression during the six months period between these two groups, but middle IOP decrease was 4.2mmHg in the first and 3.0mmHg in the second; that presents high statistical significance. From 15.6% patients (13 in total; 6 in the 0.2% Brimonidin group and 7 in the 2% Trusopt group) with significant visual field defects at the end of study, 85% (11 patients) had those defects already in the first week, at the beginning of additional therapy.Conclusion There was no statistically significant difference between these two groups in the visual field defects prevention and progression during six months period of treatment. Middle IOP decrease in these two groups was significant. Key words: glaucoma, optic nerve, 0.2% Brimonidin, 2% Dorsolamid, beta‐blockers.
Multiple topical administrations of Ramipril enhance retinal ganglion cell survival after transient retinal ischemia‐reperfusion in rats
Authors: ELENA P , VIAUD‐QUENTRIC K , CHARFEDDINE R , REKIK R 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the protective effects of eye drops the angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor ramipril on retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in a model of ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury in pigmented rat retina.Methods Retinal I/R injury was induced in adult Long Evans rats by vascular ligation of the optic nerve for 45 minutes, after which reperfusion was immediately established. Rats were treated topically with Ramipril 2% or vehicle eyedrops three times before and after ischemia. Intraperitoneal injection of brimonidine (2 mg/kg) was used as reference. Post‐ischemic retinal function was assessed by scotopic electroretinography (ERG) and RGC density by immunofluorescence on retinal flatmounts 8 days after ischemia.Results In ischemic eyes, no ERG responses could be recorded immediately after reperfusion. They gradually recovered to approximately 75% of baseline 8 days after injury. Recoveries of the b‐wave in the Ramipril‐ and brimonidine groups were better than those in the vehicle group. Severe RGC loss was also observed after I/R injury. However, Ramipril and brimonidine treatments significantly enhanced RGC survival (270.43 ± 87.57 cells/mm2 and 300.65 ± 92.48 cells/mm2), in comparison with the vehicle group (178.42 ± 107.81 cells/mm2).Conclusion Multiple instillations of ramipril 2% enhanced rat RGC survival and retinal function in the ischemia‐reperfusion injury model. This warrants further evaluation of the neuroprotective properties of ramipril in eye diseases.
Commercial interest
Relative efficacy and safety of preservative‐free latanoprost (T2345) for the treatment of open‐angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. An adjusted indirect comparison meta‐analysis
Authors: CUCHERAT M , ROULAND JF 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Adjusted indirect comparison (AIC) were performed to assess the relative efficacy and tolerability of T2345 compared to the other prostaglandin analogs for the treatment of open‐angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OH)Methods We performed a systematic literature review to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating prostaglandin analogs with or without preservative for the treatment of OAG and OH. AIC were conducted using Bucher’s method. The main endpoints was intraocular pressure (IOP) measured at 3 months and hyperhemia or ocular rednessResults Twenty‐one studies were included. No statistically significant difference in IOP were found between T2345 and BAK‐free travoprost (mean difference and 95%CI 0.47 [‐0.58;1.51]), bimatoprost (0.49 [‐0.13;1.10]), bimatoprost 0.01% (0.19 [‐0.69;1.06]), travoprost (.27 [‐0.50;1.03]) and latanoprost (0.40 [‐0.02;0.82]). T2345 was found statistically significantly superior to tafluprost (‐0.90 [‐1.52;‐0.28]). For hyperhemia or ocular redness, T2345 was found statistically significantly superior to BAK‐free travoprost (odds ratio 95% CI 0.30 [0.14;0.61]), bimatoprost (0.18 [0.10;0.33]), bimatoprost 0.01% (0.27 [0.13;0.56]), tafluprost (0.18 [0.05;0.65]), travoprost (0.25 [0.14;0.46]) and latanoprost (0.52 [0.31;0.86])Conclusion In terms of efficacy on IOP, indirect comparisons never found T2345 statistically significantly inferior to the others. T2345 was found superior to tafluprost and an almost statistically significant trend was found in favor of bimatoprost for IOP. For hyperemia or ocular redness, T2345 latanoprost was statistically significantly superior to all the others
Commercial interest
Safety and efficacy of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in eyes with end‐stage chronic angle‐closure glaucoma
Authors: KIM S , CHOI HJ 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To evaluate surgical outcomes of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in eyes with end‐stage chronic angle‐closure glaucoma (CACG).Methods Patients with medically controlled end‐stage CACG (mean deviation, < ‐19 dB) and clinically significant cataracts were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Standard phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation were performed. During at least 6 months of follow‐up, changes in visual acuity, intraocular pressure, visual field parameters, and number of antiglaucoma agents used were assessed. Intraoperative and postoperative complications were documented. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of postoperative visual outcome.Results Twenty‐two eyes of 19 subjects were enrolled. The mean follow‐up period was 13.7 months (6–27 months). Corrected visual acuity improved from 0.63 ± 0.50 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) preoperatively to 0.20 ± 0.31 logMAR postoperatively (p < 0.001). Intraocular pressure decreased from 14.05 ± 3.11 mmHg to 10.55 ± 1.79 mmHg (p < 0.001). No change was found in visual field parameters or number of antiglaucoma agents used. During surgery, 2 eyes had zonular dialysis and 1 eye had posterior capsule rupture. After surgery, 1 eye required additional trabeculectomy due to uncontrolled intraocular pressure after phacoemulsification. Preoperative visual acuity and mean sensitivities of 4 central points of the visual field were independent predictors of postoperative visual outcome.Conclusion Phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation was performed safely and effectively in end‐stage CACG eyes with cataracts.
Non penetrating deep sclerectomy versus trabeculectomy in bilateral primary open‐angle glaucoma
Authors: IBANEZ J , PEREZ D , MATEO OROBIA A , ASCASO F , PEIRO C , CRISTOBAL JA 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To establish the efficacy and safety of non penetrating deep sclerectomy versus trabeculectomy in primary open‐angle glaucoma.Methods A Prospective randomized trial of fifteen patients (30 eyes) with bilateral primary open angle glaucoma were included in the study. Eyes were randomly assigned to receive deep sclerectomy in one eye and trabeculectomy in the other eye. Outcome Measures included :mean intraocular pressure (IOP), postoperative medications, visual acuity, success rate, and complications.Results At 12 months, mean IOP reduction was 11.5 +/‐ 3.5 (sclerectomy) versus 13.2 +/‐ 4,4mmHg (trabeculectomy) (P = 0.12), and an IOP </= 21 mmHg was achieved in 13 (86,6%) and 14 eyes (93.3%) (P = 0.9), respectively. Complications included two (13,3%) flat/shallow anterior chambers and one (6.6%) hypotony (trabeculectomy), whereas internal iris incarceration was encountered in two eyes (13,3%) (sclerectomy).Conclusion Deep sclerectomy may provide comparable IOP reduction with fewer complications in management of primary open angle glaucoma.
Glaucoma surgery in a patient with prominent episcleral vessels
Authors: PRIETO CALVO E , DE LA MATA G , FERNANDEZ‐PEREZ S , SATUE M , GARCIA‐MARTIN E , BAMBO MP , PEREZ‐OLIVAN S 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose We report a case of a patient with dilated episcleral veins of unknown etiology and with secondary open angle glaucoma, who developed ciliochoroidal effusion as result of an early glaucoma filtration surgery.Methods Observational single case report. A 74‐year‐old male patient who had undergone sequential trabeculectomy for his both eyes, postoperatively he presented with redness of both the eyes and choroidal effusion, which was not resolved with conservative management (systemic steroid in tapering dose) or surgery. Slit‐lamp biomicroscopy revealed dilated episcleral veins and the gonioscopy showed open angles with blood in Schlemm’s canal in both eyes.Results During follow‐up, his intraocular pressure (IOP) remained in high thirties in the left eye (LE) and mid‐twenties in the right eye (RE) despite anti‐glaucoma medications and surgery. Systemic examination was negative for carotid cavernous fistula, low‐grade dural arteriovenous fistula, dysthyroid ophthalmopathy or orbital tumor. The chest X‐ray excluded any tumor at the apex of lung. Finally, the patient was admitted to the hospital for a right congestive heart failure and he was diagnosed with primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) confirmed by physical examination, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram.Conclusion Secondary glaucoma related to dilated episcleral veins is difficult to manage medically and surgical complications are also high. The underlying mechanism by which PPH causes uveal effusion is an increased pressure in the superior vena cava transmitted to the ophthalmic veins and choroidal circulation that lead to the excessively dilated and congested episcleral veins observed in our patient.
The morphological changes in the eye tissues during implantation drainages for glaucoma surgery
Authors: GAVRILOVA I , CHUPROV A 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose to study experimentally the morphological changes in the eye tissues with implantation of different drainages for glaucoma surgeryMethods The experiment was conducted on 15 rabbits (30 eyes) breed «Gray Chinchilla» at the age of 4‐6 months, the weight of 2‐2,5 kg, without signs of ocular pathology. Animals were divided into 3 groups of 5 animals in each group. Deep sclerectomy and implantation of different drainages for glaucoma surgery was performed in all rabbits. Polymer triangular setons by digel were implanted to rabbits of 1 group, perforated drainages from digel ‐ to rabbits of 2 group, lamellar collagen drainages ‐ to rabbits of 3 group. After 6 months the animals were taken out of the experiment. We fixed enucleated rabbit eyes in 10% formalin solution, produced serial sections of thickness 20 microns, stained with hematoxylin ‐ eosinResults Histological studies of eyes in the late postoperative period showed that the polymer drainages from digel exist in the intraskleral cavity, the collagen drainage completely resorbed. The cavity is formed in the location of any drainage, but in the case of implantation digel drainage it is surrounded by a capsule. However, all drainage cavities is isolated, i.e. no messages subconjuctival or suprachoroidal spaceConclusion Thus, the drainages does not provide enhanced outflow of aqueous humor from the eye through the anastomosis in the late postoperative period. The reason of this is a fibrosis by intraskleral or subconjuktival level
Epidemiology of primary congenital glaucoma: a study lasting 11 years
Authors: AZIZ A , DENIS D , MATONTI F 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose Primary congenital glaucoma is a rare affection, which could lead to blindness. Till now in France, few epidemiological and clinical data are available. This study aims to determine epidemiological factors found in the children affected by severe primitive congenital glaucoma requiring surgery.Methods This retrospective study including patients diagnosed for primitive congenital glaucoma was led between January, 2000 and November, 2011 in a department of Pediatric Ophthalmology of the South of France. Studied parameters were: age at the time of diagnosis, gender, presenting signs, hereditary and environmental factors, prematurity and medical histories to determine the epidemiological characteristics of these children.Results 60 children were included in the study, classified in early congenital glaucoma (n = 26 either 44 %), infantile (n = 24 or 40 %) or late (n = 10 or 16 %) according to the age of diagnosis. The average age of diagnosis was respectively of 3.8, 8 and 35 months. The sex ratio was 1,1 times more boys than girls. The most common presenting signs were megalocornea (65 %), stromal scars (30 %), watering eyes (26 %), photophobia (21 %) or the association of some of these criteria (39 %). A family history of congenital glaucoma in the first degree exists for 14 % of the children and the rate of consanguinity recorded between the parents is 14 %. The rate of prematurity is 12 %. Seven children (12 %) presented a polymalformative syndrome and six patients (15 %) neurological disorders with delay of psychomotor development.Conclusion This French study led over a long‐term period and on a large cohort shows results comparable to those found in the international literature for similar populations.
Glaucomatous optic neuropathy complicated by pituitary adenoma: case report
Authors: PESCE G , MONTRONE F , VELLA G , GARRIBBA AP 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The authors report on a case of Glaucomatous optic neuropathy complicated by pituitary adenomaMethods Caucasian 54 year old male patient. At the age of 2 divergent strabismus in both eyes and amblyopia in left eye was present; surgical correction for strabismus of both eyes at the age of 7. Since 2000 primary open angle glaucoma in both eyes treated with medical therapy (initially with beta blockers, and later adding carbonic anhydrase inhibitors): mean intraocular pressure of 16 mmHg. Visual field defects typical of glaucomatous optic neuropathy were present and stable over time. The patient underwent surgical removal of cataract in 2007 and 2009 in each respective eye.Results During 2009 very fast deterioration of the visual field in both eyes (OD>OS) with well‐controlled intra ocular pressure (IOP) with medication. No neurological symptoms associated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed a macro pituitary adenoma compressing the optic chiasm. In 2010 the patient underwent surgical removal of the adenoma.Conclusion After removal of the pituitary adenoma and decompression of the optic nerve, the visual fields over the past two years have remained stable with the same defects greater in the right eye than in the left eye. However, the visual quality continues to deteriorate possibly due to surgical intrasellar herniation of the optic nerve.
IOP lowering effect of low intensity ultrasound on experimental glaucoma model using microbeads in rats
Authors: KIM C , RHO S , LEE N , LEE C , KIM N , PARK S , CHOI B , CHOI M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose To report the intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of low intensity ultrasound (LIUS) on eyes of ocular hypertensive rats.Methods Continuous radiation of LIUS on ocular hypertensive eyes induced by unilateral microbeads injection was performed. A round plane ultrasound transducer operating at a frequency of 1MHz was utilized to deliver a sonication of 240mW/cm2 in acoustic intensity. LIUS was treated on both eyes of rats (n=5) simultaneously and the IOP measurements of treated group were compared with those of untreated group (n=5).Results The mean IOPs of LIUS‐treated eyes and un‐treated eyes were 9.4 ± 0.55 mmHg and 9.6 ± 0.55 mmHg, respectively at baseline. After an intracameral injection of microbeads, IOPs were reached to 18.6 ± 4.037 mmHg and 22.8 ± 3.493 mmHg (p=0.580) at 3 days after microbeads injection. Then the IOPs were decreased by 39.47 % and 9.68 % at 1 day after a single sonication.Conclusion These results showed that continuous low intensity ultrasound suppresses the IOP elevation in experimental glaucoma model using microbeads injection into anterior chamber. By the reason of its non‐invasiveness and repeatability, LIUS could be an alternative method for glaucoma treatment in near future.
Vision quality in population research of children and adolescents in Siemianowice Slaskie (southern Poland)
Authors: MOCKO L , WYLEGALA E , ZAJAC M , JOZWIK A , LEWANDOWSKA M 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose The aim of this study was to determine the quality of vision, refraction, and aberrations in a group of children and adolescens in selected schools of the city Siemianowice Slaskie (Southern Poland).Methods Visual quality was evaluated as visual acuity measured with two methods: OPTEC® Vision Tester and FrACT computer programme as well as contrast threshold for 30 arc min size optotypes. Refraction was determined with Topcon KR‐1W aberrometer which enables its measuring with “refractor” method or its calculation from low‐order Zernike aberrations.Results Totally 556 children aged from 8‐to‐17 years (average age 13.87, standard deviation 2.29), were investigated. Visual acuity varied within great range, but average value remained almost constant on the level slightly better that V = 5/5 (ca. ‐0.06 logMAR) in the group whithout vision problems. In the group of children with detected refraction errors (wearing glasses) average visual acuity decreased by 0.1 log units in every 5 years.There was high correlation between contrast threshold and visual acuity. We noticed an increase in the average spherical error in the amount of –0.5 D in the time interval of about 5 years.Conclusion Both methods testing visual acuity investigated by the authors are comparable and may be used as screening for children. The FrACT test for screening visual acuity and contrast is a method that would be appropriate to be used in children and teenagers in view of its similarity to computer games and its short time duration. The distribution of visual defects is comparable to that found in other screening tests on the Polish and European populations.
Mesopic pupil amplitude depending on the age and the wavelenght of the stimuli
Authors: LOBATO RINCON LL , NAVARRO VALLS J , NAVARRO BLANCO C , BONNIN ARIAS C , RAMIREZ MERCADO G , SANCHEZ‐RAMOS RODA C 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPurpose In the present study, values of the phases of pupil light reflex were recorded and analyzed depending on the age, and the spectral content of the incident light, in order to determine changes on the pupil light reflex by means of various types of lights and compare their effects in every sub‐sample and between them.Methods The sample consists in 30 old subjects and 32 young subjects. To evaluate possible dementia in old subjects, the clock drawing test was applied. The pupillometer used was Power Refractor II, a binocular, infrared based instrument and autorefractometer. Four optical filters were interposed on the flash: a neutral density filter 05, and three interferential filters with peaks of transmission in 450 nm, 510 nm and 600 nm. Our team designed a parser programmed in java that calculates all the variables implicated.Results In the old age group, the average amplitude were 1.23 ±0.3 mm, 1.03 ± 0.3 mm, 1.11 ± 0.4 mm, and 0.85 ± 0.3 mm for white light, blue monochrome light, green monochrome light and red monochrome light, respectively. In the young age group, the average amplitude to white light was 2.29 ± 0.4 mm, and the average amplitude for blue, green and red monochrome lights were, respectively, 1.91 ± 0.3 mm, 2.04 ± 0.5 mm, and 1.60 ± 0.6 mm. Both groups exhibited a similar behaviour when reactions were compared depending on the different wavelength.Conclusion Age affects considerably to mesopic pupil amplitudes values provoked for luminous stimuli. Likewise, blue and green monochrome lights bias the response in both groups.