bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geochemical features of metabasite inclusions in gray gneisses of the Baidarik block (Central Mongolia)
Authors: Belyaev V.A. , Gornova M.A. , Medvedev A.Ya. , Pakhomova N.N. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Baidarik block of the Dzavhan microcontinent (Central Asian Fold Belt) includes the Upper Archean Baidaragin gray-gneiss complex. Among gray plagiogneisses, there are metabasic bodies, which are probably relics of early volcanics. By composition, the metabasites are divided into three petrochemical groups, whose protoliths were tholeiitic basalts, Al-undepleted and Al-depleted basaltic komatiites. Only a few samples are similar in REE composition to these protoliths. We have found metabasites with crustal-contamination features. The unusual geochemical properties of the metabasites (LREE enrichment and Nb, Zr, and Ti depletion) are related to their metasomatism.
Petrological and mineralogical features of volcanic rocks from the central Kuznetsk Basin (southern Siberia)
Authors: Nastavko A.V. , Borodina E.V. , Izokh A.E. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Kuznetsk Basin volcanic rocks are close in age (from 252.3 ± 0.6 to 246.2 ± 1.4 Ma) to the traps of the West Siberian Plate and Siberian craton, which formed as a result of the Permo-Triassic plume activity. The geologic and petrographic features evidence that the andesitic basalts exposed in the Karakan and Elbak quarries are effusive rocks; most of them are andesitic basalts, and the rest are trachyandesitic basalts. The mineral composition is as follows: olivine Fo59–66, plagioclase An47–60, and clinopyroxene En47–42Fs25–12Wo42–33; Mg# = 82–63. Using the COMAGMAT 3.5 program, the magma crystallization conditions during the andesitic-basalt formation were determined: 1109–1105 ºC, buffer QFM-NNO. The studied rocks are enriched in LREE ((La/Yb)ch = 4.7–7.5) and are depleted in HREE ((Sm/Yb)ch = 2.0–2.8). A specific geochemical feature of the rocks is strong Nb, Ta, Ti, and Eu negative anomalies ((La/Nb)PM = 4.5–1.6, (La/Ta)PM = 3.2–2.0, Eu/Eu* = 0.7) and a positive U anomaly on their normalized element patterns; ɛNd(T) varies from +2.3 to +3.1. The HREE depletion of the Kuznetsk Basin volcanic rock points to the presence of garnet in the mantle source during their generation. The low Mg# indicates that the parental melts are not of the primary-mantle genesis but are probably the product of differentiation in deep-seated intermediate magma chambers.
Oligocene deposits of the Baikal rift valley
Authors: Mashchuk I.M. , Akulov N.I. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
New data are reported on the stratigraphy of the Oligocene deposits of Lake Baikal (the Tankhoi field, the outcrops near the mouths of the Osinovka, Polovinka, and Klyuevka Rivers). Detailed paleontological analysis of the key sections on the continental part of the Baikal eastern coast revealed four floristic horizons that could be used as indicator horizons and showed that the Tankhoi Formation formed throughout the Oligocene and at the early Early Miocene. Lithologically, blue vivianite clays and coal beds could be used as the most important indicator horizons. Formation of the deposits began after a long stratigraphic break from the Early Cretaceous to the Early Oligocene. The deposits were formed by erosion and denudation of weathering crust and accumulation of redeposited weathering residues in the Tankhoi paleobasin with a lacustrine-marsh landscape. Coarse-clastic foehn deposits of the Osinovka Formation, containing rich Miocene palynological assemblages, were eroded and overlie concordantly the Upper Tankhoi Subformation and redeposited weathering residues of the weathering crust, and underlie the Anosovka Formation. The study suggests that the Baikal rift valley began to form at 38 Ma.
Compositional, structural, and geodynamic controls of the evolution of inter- and intramontane basins of the Tien Shan
Authors: Makarov V.I. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The crustal orogeny which formed the present-day Tien Shan results from the complex interaction between two independent processes. The first is the lateral (horizontal) compression related to the collision between the Indian and Eurasian Plates. The second is the rearrangement and flow of crustal material at different levels of the lithosphere beneath the mountain belt. Two broad morphologic and genetic types of mountain basins (intramontane and intermontane/foreland) are proposed as indicators of specific geodynamic factors controlling the topographic relief of the orogenic belt. The first-type basins, having the upper crustal roots, reflect mainly the N–S crustal compression and correspond to simple (elementary) longitudinal folds with basement involvement. The second type basins developed mostly in response to deep processes in the upper mantle and lower crust.
Comparison of the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27 and the Charlson Comorbidity indices in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Nesic V S , Petrovic Z M , Sipetic S B , Jesic S D , Soldatovic I A , Kastratovic D A 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to compare the prognostic impact of comorbidity grading by the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27 index and the Charlson Comorbidity Index on the five-year overall and disease-specific survival in patients undergoing surgery for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:The impact of comorbidity and other factors on survival was examined retrospectively in a group of 177 patients with previously untreated tumour stage one to four laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma surgically treated at the Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Centre of Serbia, between 2000 and 2003. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify independent prognostic factors.Results:On univariate analysis, comorbidity had an impact on prognosis regardless of which index was used. On multivariate analysis, the significant predictors of patients' five-year overall and disease-specific survival were tumour–node–metastasis stage and comorbidity as graded by the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27 index.Conclusion:The Adult Comorbidity Evaluation 27 index is a more reliable predictor of survival than the Charlson Comorbidity Index in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Improving Communication in ADHD Care: Results from In-office Linguistic Research
Authors: Mattingly Greg , Surman Craig B. , Mao Alice R. , Eagan Corey A. , Onofrey Meaghan , Lerner Marc 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIntroductionAn in-office linguistic study was conducted to help improve understanding of how to better evaluate and treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).MethodsNaturally occurring interactions were recorded among 7 psychiatrists and 23 patients and 8 pediatricians along with 22 patients and their parents. Participants were interviewed separately post-visit. Transcripts of interactions and interviews were analyzed using sociolinguistic techniques.ResultsVisits were variable in length and lacked concrete treatment plans. In the pediatric setting, children were typically excluded from dialogues, accounting for only 8% of words spoken. School was the primary metric used to evaluate symptoms. Pediatricians allayed parents' concerns about stimulant therapy by promising to prescribe the lowest possible dose, rather than discussing titrating to an optimal dose. Adults were evaluated idiosyncratically without the use of scales or tools. Stimulants were positioned as short-term “trials” without strong physician recommendations.DiscussionConversations about stimulant therapy lacked goal- and expectation-setting. Also missing from conversations was a definitive treatment plan based on the core symptoms of ADHD. Incorporating open-ended questions and tools or rating scales may result in a more effective and efficient in-office dialogue.ConclusionFurther research is warranted to assess the efficacy of communication strategies to enhance in-office discussions of ADHD and stimulant therapy.
B-type natriuretic peptide is an independent predictor of endothelial function in man
Authors: Pauriah Maheshwar , Khan Faisel , Lim Tiong K. , Elder Douglas H. , Godfrey Valerie , Kennedy Gwen , Belch Jill J. F. , Booth Nuala A. , Struthers Allan D. , Lang Chim C. 
Published: March 2012

BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) has been reported to be elevated in preclinical states of vascular damage. To elucidate the relationship between plasma BNP and endothelial function, we have investigated the relationship between BNP and endothelial function in a cohort of subjects comprising healthy subjects as well as at-risk subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. To also clarify the relative contribution of different biological pathways to the individual variation in endothelial function, we have examined the relationship between a panel of multiple biomarkers and endothelial function. A total of 70 subjects were studied (mean age, 58.1±4.6 years; 27% had a history of hypertension and 18% had a history of hypercholesterolaemia). Endothelium-dependent vasodilatation was evaluated by the invasive ACH (acetylcholine)-induced forearm vasodilatation technique. A panel of biomarkers of biological pathways was measured: BNP, haemostatic factors PAI-1 (plasminogen-activator inhibitor 1) and tPA (tissue plasminogen activator), inflammatory markers, including cytokines [hs-CRP (high sensitive C-reactive protein), IL (interleukin)-6, IL-8, IL-18, TNFα (tumour necrosis factor α) and MPO (myeloperoxidase] and soluble adhesion molecules [E-selectin and sCD40 (soluble CD40)]. The median BNP level in the study population was 26.9 pg/ml. Multivariate regression analyses show that age, the total cholesterol/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio, glucose and BNP were independent predictors of endothelial function, and BNP remained an independent predictor (P=0.009) in a binary logistic regression analysis using FBF (forearm blood flow) as a dichotomous variable based on the median value. None of the other plasma biomarkers was independently related to ACH-mediated vasodilatation. In a strategy using several biomarkers to relate to endothelial function, plasma BNP was found to be an independent predictor of endothelial function as assessed by endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in response to ACH.
“My imperfect attempt towards an English Grammar”
Authors: Tieken-Boon van Ostade Ingrid 
Published: March 2012

Summary
This article provides an analysis of the only evidence that has — to the author’s knowledge — come down to us of the correspondence between the most authoritative 18th-century English grammarian Robert Lowth (1710–1787) and James Harris (1709–1780), author of the philosophical grammar Hermes (1751). The two extant letters uniquely provide insight into Lowth’s views on the pedagogical function of his grammar, on the innovatory aspect of his critical footnotes, and on some of the doubts and uncertainties he experienced while writing his grammar. All this adds to the radically different view of Lowth as a grammarian presented in The Bishop’s Grammar (Tieken-Boon van Ostade 2011), while the article also throws light on Lowth’s attempts at establishing a more private relationship with the author of one of the most important works within the wider 18th-century English grammatical tradition.
Modelling natamycin release from alginate/chitosan active films
Authors: da Silva Mariana Altenhofen , Bierhalz Andréa Cristiane Krause , Kieckbusch Theo Guenter 
Published: March 2012

SummaryIn antimicrobial active films, the active agent is incorporated in the polymeric matrix and is released from the film to the product surface where most deterioration processes take place. In this study, films structured solely by alginate and by blends of alginate:chitosan (82.5:17.5 and 65:35) were obtained by casting. The film formulations received natamycin (4 and 8 g/100 g biopolymer) as antimicrobial agent. Films were characterised according to their thickness and morphology. Diffusion experiments in water indicated very slow release kinetics of the antimicrobial, being markedly hindered in the alginate and chitosan composite films, probably due to electrostatic interactions between chitosan and natamycin. Fickian diffusion prevailed and the diffusion coefficients found for the films varied from 2.6 × 10−11 to 2.5 × 10−12 cm2 s−1.
Antioxidative activities and the chemical constituents of two Chinese teas, Camellia kucha and C. ptilophylla
Authors: Li Kaikai , Shi Xianggang , Yang Xiaorong , Wang Yuanyuan , Ye Chuangxing , Yang Zhongyi 
Published: March 2012

SummaryTwo kinds of green tea were prepared with the young shoots of Camellia kucha and C. ptilophylla, and antioxidative activities of the chemical constituents were determined. Levels of alkaloids, catechins, total polyphenols, flavonoids and amino acids were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography and UV‐Vis spectrophotometer. Antioxidative activity was evaluated by applying 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl radical assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. Our results showed that theobromine was the only alkaloid in C. ptilophylla, while there was theacrine in C. kucha, which was coexisting with the caffeine. We confirmed the high content of (−)‐gallocatechin gallate in C. ptilophylla was not the epimerisation of (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate during the heating procedure. These wild teas had higher content of tea polyphenols, water extracts, amion acids and stronger antioxidative activity compared with the longjing tea. They could be used for the development of noncaffeine beverages and new types of tea.
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in scleroderma‐related conditions
Authors: Balbir‐Gurman A. , Brook O. R. , Chermesh I. , Braun‐Moscovici Y. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractAims:  Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare life‐threatening gastrointestinal complication in the course of connective tissue disease (CTD). PCI is characterised by the appearance of intramural clusters of gas in the small and large bowel wall on X‐ray or computed tomography and often is accompanied by free air in the peritoneal cavity.Methods:  We present three cases of PCI in patients with scleroderma‐related conditions. A review of the English language literature published on MEDLINE from 1973 to 2008 was conducted using the terms: ‘systemic sclerosis’, ‘connective tissue disease’ and ‘pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis’. This review focused on clinical features, diagnostic and treatment strategies of PCI in the context of CTD.Results:  Symptoms of PCI are non‐specific: abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, bloating and weight loss. Coexistence of PCI with other manifestations of CTD, such as intestinal pseudo‐obstruction and/or bacterial overgrowth, complicates the clinical diagnosis. Treatment approach to PCI is mostly conservative: intestinal ‘rest’, parenteral nutrition, antibiotics, fluids and electrolyte supplementation, and inhaled oxygen. Surgical intervention should be performed only in cases of bowel perforation, ischaemia or necrosis. Patients with PCI have high mortality rates due to PCI itself but also to the severity and variety of basic CTD complications.Conclusion:  Recognition of PCI, particularly in the context of underlying CTD, is necessary for proper therapeutic application. In patients with underlying CTD and symptoms of abdominal emergency, recruitment of multidisciplinary teams, including rheumatologist, gastroenterologist, imaging specialist and surgeons familiar with intestinal complications of CTD‐related conditions, is warranted.
Prevalence of error‐prone abbreviations used in medication prescribing for hospitalised patients: multi‐hospital evaluation
Authors: Dooley M. J. , Wiseman M. , Gu G. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe use of error‐prone abbreviations in prescribing is a potential cause of misinterpretation that may lead to medication error. This study determined frequency and type of error‐prone abbreviations in inpatient medication prescribing across three Australian hospitals. Three hundred and sixty‐nine (76.9%) patients had one or more error‐prone abbreviations used in prescribing, with 8.4% of orders containing at least one error‐prone abbreviation and 29.6% of these considered to be high risk for causing significant harm.
Role for the left atrial appendage occlusion device in managing thromboembolic risk in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Obeyesekere M. N. , Lockwood S. , Mottram P. , Alison J. F. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractOnly 50% of patients who would benefit from warfarin therapy for atrial fibrillation (AF) receive treatment because of clinical concerns regarding chronic anti‐coagulation. Percutaneous strategies to treat AF, including pulmonary vein isolation with a curative intent or atrioventricular nodal ablation and implantation of a permanent pacemaker for palliative rate control, have not eliminated the need to manage thromboembolic risk. With the development of a percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion device (the WATCHMAN percutaneous left atrial appendage occluder – Atritech Inc., Plymouth, MN, USA) for thromboembolic protection in non‐valvular AF a significant therapeutic option for select patients may be available. We present the first case performed in Australia (24 November 2009) and explore this new methodology.
Efficacy of rituximab in refractory antisynthetase syndrome
Authors: Limaye V. , Hissaria P. , Liew C.‐L. , Koszyka B. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe report the successful use of repeated administration of rituximab in a patient with antisynthetase syndrome refractory to conventional immunosuppressive medications. A literature review revealed that previous experience with rituximab in this condition has been sparse. The rationale for the use of B‐cell depleting therapies in antisynthetase syndrome has been explored in light of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of this condition.
No evidence or no alternative? Taking responsibility for off‐label prescribing
Authors: Ghinea N. , Lipworth W. , Kerridge I. , Day R. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractRecombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) is registered for patients with rare haematological disorders, but is used ‘off‐label’ in many other situations, including intracranial haemorrhage, cardiac surgery, trauma, transplantation and prostatectomy. Lack of systematic evidence to support these off‐label uses has not slowed the growth of off‐label prescribing of rFVIIa. We use the case of rFVIIa to illustrate the issues raised by off‐label prescribing, and the kind of impasse that can arise when views about evidence, expertise and clinical necessity are in conflict. We argue that clinicians, hospital drug committees and regulators all need to acknowledge the complexity of prescribing decisions, and ensure that decisions to prescribe off‐label are sufficiently justified.
Management of opioid substitution therapy during medical intervention
Authors: Murnion B. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractOpioid substitution therapy (OST) for opioid dependence is common, and injection drug users have significant medical and psychiatric comorbidity. Many physicians will encounter OST patients in their usual practice. This article provides guidance on management of common clinical problems in this population, including OST management in hepatic failure, respiratory disease, pain management and potential drug interactions.
Fluorescein angiography of the canine posterior segment using a dSLR camera adaptor
Authors: Pirie Chris G , Cooper Johanna , Pizzirani Stefano 
Published: March 2012

AbstractPurpose  To describe the use of a digital single lens reflex (dSLR) camera adaptor for conducting posterior segment fluorescein angiography in canines.Methods  Ten beagle dogs free of ocular and systemic disease were used. All dogs received maropitant citrate (1.0 mg/kg SQ), diphenhydramine (2.0 mg/kg SQ), and topical 1% tropicamide 20 min prior to sedation using butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg IV). Standard color and red‐free fundus images were obtained prior to the administration of 10% sodium fluorescein (20 mg/kg IV). Image acquisition was performed using a dSLR camera (Canon 7D), dSLR camera adaptor, camera lens (Canon 60 mm macro), and a 60D indirect ophthalmic lens, in addition to an accessory flash (Canon 580EXII). Two combinations of excitation and barrier filters were assessed (absorptive vs. interference). Imaging occurred at a rate of 1/s immediately following the fluorescein bolus for a total of 30 s and then at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 min.Results  Quality high resolution fluorescein angiographic images of the canine posterior segment were obtainable. All angiographic phases were identified and time sequences were recorded. Use of interference filters improved image contrast and transmission properties as compared to absorptive filters. No adverse events were noted.Conclusions  The described dSLR camera adaptor provides an alternative to existing posterior segment imaging systems capable of performing fluorescein angiography. High resolution image acquisition occurred at a fraction of the cost of established imaging systems.
Miscellaneous vitreous‐derived IgM antibodies target numerous retinal proteins in equine recurrent uveitis
Authors: Zipplies Johanna K. , Hauck Stefanie M. , Eberhardt Christina , Hirmer Sieglinde , Amann Barbara , Stangassinger Manfred , Ueffing Marius , Deeg Cornelia A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective  In equine recurrent uveitis (ERU), immune reactions are directed toward known antigens like S‐antigen, interphotoreceptor retinoid‐binding protein, and cellular retinalaldehyde‐binding protein, and anti‐retinal antibodies were detected in vitreous samples. The aim of this study was the investigation of intraocular immunoglobulin M (IgM) reactivities to retinal proteome.Procedures  Retina was separated by one‐ and two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and blotted semidry on PVDF membranes. To identify intraocular IgM antibody responses to retinal tissue, blots were incubated with vitreous samples of ERU‐diseased horses (n = 50) and healthy controls (n = 30), followed by an HRP‐labeled secondary antibody specific for equine IgM. Noticeable 2D western blot signals were aligned on a 2D gel of retinal proteome, excised, and subsequently identified by tandem mass spectrometry.Results  Interestingly, frequent and very miscellaneous IgM response patterns to the retinal proteome in 68% of ERU vitreous samples were detected. Binding of IgM antibodies was localized at 17 different molecular weights. The most frequently detected signal, in 21 of the 50 samples, was located at 49 kDa. Comparing the samples interindividually between one and up to nine different signals in one sample could be observed. All healthy vitreous samples were devoid of IgM antibodies. Analysis of targeted spots with mass spectrometry led to the clear identification of 11 different proteins (corresponding to 16 different spots). One candidate could not be discovered so far.Conclusion  The considerable IgM response to retinal proteins demonstrates an ongoing immune response, which might contribute to the remitting relapsing character of ERU. Novel identified target proteins point to a diverse response pattern of individual ERU cases.
Presumptive electric cataracts in a Great Horned owl (Bubo virginianus)
Authors: Dees D. Dustin , MacLaren Nicole E. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThis case report describes suspected electrocution in a juvenile female Great Horned owl (Bubo virginianus) with subsequent bilateral cataract formation. The bird flew into a high‐voltage power line and was immediately rescued. Burn wounds of the head and ataxia with apparent blindness were noted. Initial ophthalmic examination 5 days after the incident revealed bilaterally symmetrical anterior subcapsular vacuolar cataracts with absence of intraocular inflammation and a predominantly clear view to the normal appearing fundus. The bird appeared to be nonvisual. No ophthalmic medications were prescribed at initial examination. Subsequent recheck examination at 8 weeks revealed moderate resolution of the cataracts and improved vision. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first published report of suspected electric cataracts in an avian species.