bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phylogeography of a Specialist Leaf-Mining Weevil,Rhynchaenus dorsoplanatus(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Associated withCastanopsisSpecies
Authors: Aoki Kyoko , Murakami Noriaki , Kato Makoto 
Published: May 2010

AbstractClimatic changes during glacial periods have had a major influence on the recent evolutionary history of living organisms, even in the warm temperate forests, where the land was not covered with ice sheets. We investigated the phylogeographical patterns of the weevil, Rhynchaenus dorsoplanatus (Roelofs) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), a host-specific leaf miner of Castanopsis (Fagaceae) that grows in the broadleaved evergreen forests of Japan. We examined 2343 bp of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) for 171 individuals collected from new infested leaves of Castanopsis at 55 localities in Japan. Spatial analysis of molecular variance showed a significant difference (φCT = 0.14, P &lt; 0.001) in genetic structure of the leaf-mining R. dorsoplanatus between the southwestern and the northeastern areas within the main islands of Japan. We also observed a large gap between the southwestern and northeastern clades (φCT = 0.79, P &lt; 0.001) with respect to the mtDNA sequences of the seed-boring Cuivulio hilgendorfi (Harold) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), which shares the same host plant species. The demographic population expansion was detected and the beginning time of the expansion was dated to the end of the last glacial period in both weevil species. The congruent phylogeographical patterns observed in the leaf-mining and seed-boring weevil species reinforce the robustness of the deduced glacial and postglacial history of Castanopsis-associated organisms. These data suggest that the host-specific parasitic insects and their associated Castanopsis forests were likely restricted to separate southwestern and northeastern refugia within the main islands of Japan during repeated glacial periods in the Quaternary.
A Manual Approach to Mourning
Authors: Koestenbaum Wayne 
Published: May 2010

I'm Writing this Essay on a Green Hermes 3000 Manual Typewriter from the 1950s. A Painting Student Gave it to Me; He found it on the street.I imagine telling Eve about this typewriter. She would have understood how a material instrument—ink-flecked platen, jade-pale space bar—can change syntax: to looms and to Victorian textures her sentences responded, and I recognize, in her prose's rhythms, the period-specific thrill of stretched syntax, and the renunciatory satisfaction of curtailing a clause before it can exercise its right to conclude.Although, in a self-deprecatory moment, she claimed to disregard music, I often fantasized about inviting her to my apartment for an evening musicale. On my Steinway M piano, I'd play a harmonically indecisive piece from Proust's era—a Fauré impromptu. She'd forgive my technical deficiencies; she'd comment on the performance's abreactive ambition (she taught me the word abreactive), my attempt to neutralize shame by exulting in it, my finger labor a haptic game affiliated with her favored arts—masturbating, interpreting, containing, hugging, sitting, retreating.
Bersani's Freudian Body
Authors: Gallop Jane 
Published: May 2010

In 1986 Leo Bersani published a book entitled The Freudian Body. I love that title. From the first time I heard it, over two decades ago, up through this very moment, I have continued to love that title. To be honest, I wish it were mine—which is why I borrowed it for my essay here. I'm not exactly sure what I take this title to mean—probably something like a definitive delineation of a Freudian theory of the body. I'm not exactly sure what I take it to promise—probably something like a reconceptualization of the body beyond positivism, beyond Christian views of nature, beyond biologistic ideology. It sounds like something I really want. One thing is for sure: the title made me want to read the book.And so the first time I read this book, I was disappointed, frustrated, and even a little angry. I did not find “the Freudian body” promised by the title. “Bait and switch,” I thought bitterly. “You fucking tease!”
Matching Faces and Expressions in Pixelated and Blurred Photos
Authors: White Murray , Li Judy 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Matching the emotional expressions of pairs of face photos was slower with pixelated and blurred photos than with original, untransformed photos. Matching the identities of the same face pairs was unaffected by pixelation and blurring. Because pixelation and blurring degrade higher spatial frequencies carrying edge-based information that define feature shape more than lower frequencies carrying configural properties, these findings converge with findings for line drawings and negative photos in showing that expression and face recognition processes differ in their reliance on edge-based and configural information.
Preparedness for Action: Responding to the Snake in the Grass
Authors: Flykt Anders 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A visual search study by Öhman, Flykt, and Esteves (2001) found shorter reaction times to snake and spider targets than to flower and mushroom targets. The present study investigated whether preparation for action in response to potential threats could explain this difference. In this study 2 main changes were made to the paradigm. All possible combinations of target and distractors were used to disentangle the effects of targets and distractors, and the responses were withheld until after detection. The results suggest that the shorter reaction times to snakes and spiders than to flowers and mushrooms resulted from preparation for faster action in response to potential threats than to nonthreats.
Concreteness and Context Availability in Lexical Decision Tasks
Authors: Levy-Drori Shelly , Henik Avishai 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Three experiments were carried out to elucidate the origins of the concreteness (C) effect in a lexical decision task. The first experiment was a replication of the work of Schwanenflugel et al. (1988) and Van Hell and De Groot (1998), who presented the context availability (CA) hypothesis. In this experiment CA seemed to be a dominant factor. Familiarity (FAM) was not incorporated in the ANOVA, but a regression analysis and negative correlation between C and FAM in the groups matched on CA showed that FAM could explain the disappearance of the C effect. Experiment 2 controlled FAM and revealed a C effect, although concrete and abstract words were matched on CA. Experiment 3 controlled C and FAM and revealed a CA effect. The current data emphasize the importance of controlling FAM and CA in examining the C effect in a lexical decision task and support a revised version of the dual-coding theory.
Predicting Cognitive Styles from Spatial Abilities
Authors: Nori Raffaella , Giusberti Fiorella 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Previous studies on spatial memory reveal that people represent spatial information in 3 different forms: landmark, route, and survey. The aim of this work was to assess spatial abilities in order to predict a person’s cognitive style. In order to do this we used 9 different spatial tasks, which were linked with these 3 forms of spatial representations. We found that the 9 spatial tasks are able to distinguish different levels of spatial ability.
Consciousness and the Self-Sensing Brain: Implications for Feeling and Meaning
Authors: Tannenbaum Arnold S. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
A number of authors have proposed or alluded to the significance for consciousness of sensing within the brain. This article reviews some of these proposals along with questions that have been raised and argues that consciousness might be understood as a property of a system that functions as a sense in the biological meaning of that term. The sense of consciousness is conceived not as a fixed structure but rather as a structure with variations, consistent with contemporary notions of complexity theory. A sense of consciousness has implications for concepts central to an understanding of consciousness, most notably the concepts of feeling and meaning. William James and others have proposed feeling as a ubiquitous aspect of consciousness. The concept of sensing, like that of feeling, provides a bridge between the organic and phenomenological aspects of consciousness, and the rudiments of meaning can be seen in the symbolizing role of a sense as it relates to adaptive problem solving.
Does Stimulus Appearance Affect Learning?
Authors: Pothos Emmanuel M. , Chater Nick , Ziori Eleni 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We examined the learning process with 3 sets of stimuli that have identical symbolic structure but differ in appearance (meaningless letter strings, arrangements of geometric shapes, and sequences of cities). One hypothesis is that the learning process aims to encode symbolic regularity in the same way, largely regardless of appearance. Another is that different types of stimuli bias the learning process to operate in different ways. Using the experimental paradigm of artificial grammar learning, we provided a preliminary test of these hypotheses. In Experiments 1 and 2 we measured performance in terms of grammaticality and found no difference across the 3 sets of stimuli. In Experiment 3 we analyzed performance in terms of both grammaticality and chunk strength. Again we found no differences in performance. Our tentative conclusion is that the learning process aims to encode symbolic regularity independent of stimulus appearance.
The Situated Nature of Concepts
Authors: Yeh Wenchi , Barsalou Lawrence W. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
For decades the importance of background situations has been documented across all areas of cognition. Nevertheless, theories of concepts generally ignore background situations, focusing largely on bottom-up, stimulus-based processing. Furthermore, empirical research on concepts typically ignores background situations, not incorporating them into experimental designs. A selective review of relevant literatures demonstrates that concepts are not abstracted out of situations but instead are situated. Background situations constrain conceptual processing in many tasks (e.g., recall, recognition, categorization, lexical decision, color naming, property verification, property generation) across many areas of cognition (e.g., episodic memory, conceptual processing, visual object recognition, language comprehension). A taxonomy of situations is proposed in which grain size, meaningfulness, and tangibility distinguish the cumulative situations that structure cognition hierarchically.
Evolutionary Psychology: Its Programs, Prospects, and Pitfalls
Authors: Neher Andrew 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The emerging specialty of evolutionary psychology presents a challenge to mainstream psychology. It proposes that cognitive, not just more fundamental, traits in humans are grounded in dedicated evolutionary programs. Specifically, it maintains that the common assumption in psychology--that the complexities of our psyches have been largely freed from evolutionary constraints and are instead based in a general learning capacity--is mistaken. The major premises of evolutionary psychology are examined in light of arguments and evidence presented by both supporters and detractors. Although some of these premises are well grounded, others are questionable and limit the development of the specialty and its integration into mainstream psychology.
Commission Errors but Not Critical Lures Decrease When You Have to Pay a Price for Them
Authors: Candel Ingrid , Merckelbach Harald , Jelicic Marko , Jentjens Kim 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Using the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm, we explored the effect of monetary penalty on false memories. Participants were presented 6 15-word lists of semantic associates that all converged on a nonpresented critical lure. Next, half of the participants received a monetary reward (0.10 Euro; about $0.10) for each correctly recalled word, whereas they lost money (0.20 Euro; about $0.20) for each incorrect response. Compared with control participants who received a fixed financial compensation, participants in the experimental group reported fewer commissions (i.e., incorrect responses other than the critical lure). Number of hits and critical lures did not differ between the groups.
Psychological Reactance: Examination across Age, Ethnicity, and Gender
Authors: Woller Kevin M. P. , Buboltz Walter C. , Loveland James M. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Psychological reactance is a motivational state aroused when real or perceived personal freedoms are threatened, reduced, or eliminated. Although psychological reactance theory has existed for almost 40 years, there is still dissent over some of its most basic characteristics. Research on age and ethnicity is scant, and research on gender has not produced a clear pattern of results. We attempted to clarify the relationships of these variables to psychological reactance. A total of 3,499 undergraduates completed the Therapeutic Reactance Scale and a brief demographic questionnaire. We found a curvilinear relationship between age and reactance, with older and younger participants exhibiting higher reactance than the middle age group. African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics exhibited higher total, behavioral, and verbal reactance than Caucasians and Native Americans. Men produced higher total, behavioral, and verbal reactance scores than women. We discuss the implications of these findings and make suggestions for further research.
Emotional Arousal and Memory: A Test of the Poststimulus Processing Hypothesis
Authors: Hulse Lynn M. , Allan Kevin , Memon Amina , Read J. Don 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Emotional arousal is believed to enhance memory for details central to an episode but impair memory for peripheral details. However, new research suggests that arousal induced thematically (i.e., through involvement with an unfolding event) produces only memory enhancements. This article examines whether consciously controlled elaborative processing in the aftermath of an arousing experience is responsible. A dual task manipulation was used to prevent participants from ruminating over a video that depicted an abduction and attack. Several indices of recall showed greater memory for emotional event details than for details from a neutral control video, which remained the case when the opportunity for poststimulus elaboration was prevented. Thus, superior retention of the content of emotional experiences may arise from the way in which arousal is induced rather than through immediate postevent cognitions.
Measuring Emotional Expression with the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count
Authors: Kahn Jeffrey H. , Tobin Renée M. , Massey Audra E. , Anderson Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) text analysis program often is used as a measure of emotion expression, yet the construct validity of its use for this purpose has not been examined. Three experimental studies assessed whether the LIWC counts of emotion processes words are sensitive to verbal expression of sadness and amusement. Experiment 1 determined that sad and amusing written autobiographical memories differed in LIWC emotion counts in expected ways. Experiment 2 revealed that reactions to emotionally provocative film clips designed to manipulate the momentary experience of sadness and amusement differed in LIWC counts. Experiment 3 replicated the findings of Experiment 2 and found generally weak relations between LIWC emotion counts and individual differences in emotional reactivity, dispositional expressivity, and personality. The LIWC therefore appears to be a valid method for measuring verbal expression of emotion.
Players’ Quality of Play and Overall Interest of the Game in Dyadic Competition
Authors: Dru Vincent , Rulence-Pâques Patricia , Mullet Etienne 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
These experiments examined the cognitive processes involved in judging the quality of play of a player competing against another player and the overall interest of a competitive game as a function of the players’ respective ability and motivation levels. For the quality of play of one player, a very simple information integration rule was found. Quality of play was judged almost exclusively as an additive function of the ability and motivation levels of the player. For the interest of the game, an apparently complex but fundamentally simple integration rule was found. For a game to be very interesting, players had to be both highly able and highly motivated; for a game to be somewhat interesting, each player had to be at least either highly able or highly motivated; and all other configurations corresponded to lower expected levels of interest.
Regularity of Symmetry Verticality Guides Perceptual Judgments of Objects
Authors: Schiano Diane J. , McBeath Michael K. , Chambers Kenneth W. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Previous research indicated that most salient, real-world objects possess natural regularities that observers commonly assume in perceptual judgments of figural orientation and interpretation. Regularities include 3-dimensionality, bilateral symmetry, and the tendency for object tops to possess more salient information than bottoms. Thus, when observers interpret randomly shaped figures, they reliably impose volume, bilateral symmetry, and top and front orientation directions, even when figures are 2-dimensional and asymmetric. We confirmed generalizability for observers to assume these regularities with stimuli that vary in complexity, and we found evidence supporting another regularity, that of symmetry verticality (symmetry about a vertical axis). Findings support use of a family of perceptual heuristics corresponding to natural regularities that constrain stimulus indeterminacy and help guide judgment of object orientation and interpretation.
Thinking Styles and Identity Development among Chinese University Students
Authors: Zhang Li-Fang 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between thinking styles and identity development among Chinese students. Students from Shanghai responded to the Thinking Styles Inventory-Revised, based on Sternberg’s theory of mental self-government, and to the Erwin Identity Scale-III, grounded in Chickering’s theory of psychosocial development. Not only were thinking styles strongly associated with identity development, but also the former had predictive power for the latter. Along with findings in the existing literature, results of this study call for a collaborative effort between teaching faculty and student development educators in fostering holistic student development.
Visual Identity and Uncertainty in Repetition Blindness
Authors: Brill Gary A. , Glass Arnold L. , Rashid Hanin , Hussey Erika 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Repetition blindness (RB) was investigated in 6 experiments. In the first 3 experiments participants detected vowel targets in 11-letter sequences. When all letters were uppercase, detection was poorer for same (e.g., AA) than for different (e.g., AO) targets. However, when one target was uppercase and the other lowercase, RB was found only for targets visually identical except for size (e.g., Oo), not for visually different pairs (e.g., Aa). Experiment 4 found RB for visually identical versus different consonant-vowel-consonant words. Experiments 5 and 6 replicated Kanwisher’s (1987) experiment in which RB was insensitive to word case but revealed these effects to be artifacts of poor recognition of 5-letter words coupled with a biased guessing strategy. Overall, these experiments found RB only at a low level of visual information processing.
Interference Effects and the Consequences of Recognition Failures and Successes
Authors: Pilotti Maura , Chodorow Martin , Vlasova Olga 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This investigation examined the contribution of memory awareness to interference, conceptualized as response competition that arises from the encoding of materials similar in appearance. Subjects performed incidental encoding tasks (counting vowels, counting syllables, and word association) on targets and nontargets that were orthographically similar (experimental condition) or dissimilar (control condition). The tasks were intended to make the memories of the studied words at test more or less accessible to subjects’ awareness. During the test, fragments of the targets were intermixed with fragments of nonstudied words, and the task was to complete fragments with studied words or, in the absence of such memories, with the first words that came to mind. Response competition was expected to produce a blocking effect, consisting of fewer correct completions and more instrusions (or null responses) in the experimental condition than in the control condition. When the overall accessibility of the studied, orthographically similar words was optimized by the semantic association task, responses recognized as studied exhibited both more instrusions and fewer correct completions than in the control condition. When the accessibility of these words was curtailed by the vowel counting task, only unrecognized correct completions after the proactive interference treatment tended to be lower than in the control condition. These results suggest that memory awareness can modulate interference conceptualized as response competition.
Elemental Analysis of Alkalis and Dental Deposits Associated with Coca Chewing in Ecuador
Authors: Ubelaker Douglas H. , Stothert Karen E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe relationship between Andean coca use and dental deposits is explored through the use of scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS). Elemental analyses of samples of large dental deposits from archeologically recovered skeletons from Ecuador dating between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1532 are compared with those of normal calculus deposits of individuals from North America (modern and precontact), of normal tooth structure and of samples of alkali recovered from Ecuadorian artifacts thought to have been employed in coca use. Spectral analysis revealed homogeneity among all dental samples (deposits and structure) and that they are distinct from the elemental pattern revealed in the analysis of the artifact alkalis.
Lurin Valley, Peru: Early Intermediate Period Settlement Development
Authors: Earle Timothy K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe relationships between the social development in the upper Lurin valley and an expanding Early Intermediate period Lima state are examined. Internally, population growth and irrigation complexity progress together in the Lurin. Warfare, although not directly caused by population expansion, may function to regulate population. With irrigation and population expansion, a local social stratification originates but political control remains highly dispersed. A centralized control is only initiated by the external introduction of direct dominance by the Lima state.
HuayrachinasandTocochimbos: Traditional Smelting Technology of the Southern Andes
Authors: Van Buren Mary , Mills Barbara H. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMetal production has been a key economic activity in the southern Andes for the last 2,000 years, but relatively little is known about the indigenous technology used to process and smelt ores, in part because these activities are often difficult for investigators to identify in the archaeological record. In 2001 and 2002, members of the Proyecto Arqueológico Porco-Potosí had the opportunity to observe the use of indigenous smelting technology to produce silver in southern Bolivia. The data generated by these ethnographic observations, as well as by historical texts that describe traditional smelting, are used to interpret a sixteenth-century metal production site excavated by the authors in Bolivia and two production locales reported from Argentina and Chile. This assessment suggests that a great deal of variability existed in the metallurgical traditions of the southern Andes, and that the full spectrum will only be understood if archaeologists can recognize the material correlates of different types of technological processes.