bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P5-05-05: Human Papiloma Virus Identification in Intraductal Papilloma and Breast Cancer Using Broad-Spectrum Primers.
Authors: Balci FL , Bender O , Coskun F , Duzgun AP , Saylam B , Yuney E , Rota S , Fidan I , Feldman S , Soran A 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
There is limited data about Human Papiloma Virus (HPV) presence in intraductal papilloma, and there are some conflicted studies about the effects of HPVs on breast cancer. Most of these studies have methodological pitfalls as well. We conducted a retrospective paraffin block study to understand the presence of HPV in papilloma and cancer tissues with broad-spectrum primers.
Methods: Twenty seven intraductal papilloma and 18 breast cancer patients’ paraffin blocks were obtained from the patients who underwent ductoscopy aided papillomectomy or mastectomy. In totally 87 histopathological samples, HPV-DNA were identified by real time PCR and broad-spectrum genotyping was performed by in situ hybridization. The cancer patients were evaluated according to the status of Estrojen Reseptor (ER), Progesteron Reseptor (PR) and ErbB-2 positivity.
Results: The mean age±SD was 49±16 in papilloma and 52±14 in breast cancer patients. We found that 29.6% (8 of 27) of intraductal papillomas and 44.4% (8 of 18) of breast cancer paraffin blocks had HPV-DNA positivity by PCR in situ hybridization with broad spectrum primers. Fifty percent (4 of 8) of HPV-DNA positive papillomas had only type 11; in one, only type 6; in one, mixture of type 6,11; in one, mixture of type 11, 39; and in one, mixture of type 11, 39, 82 was detected. Breast cancer lesions had only type 11 of HPV-DNA positivity in 62.5% (5 of 8) of cases; in one, mixture of type11, 39; in one, mixture of type 11, 82; in one, mixture of type 6, 11, 39 was detected. In seven HPV-DNA positive cancer patients, ER/PR and/or ErbB-2 was positive, but it was only positive in one triple negative patient.
Conclusion: HPVs may have a role in developing papilloma and breast cancer. Validation of HPVs role in the etiology of breast cancer/papilloma, require further studies to understand whether the HPVs are episomal or integrated during the tumorigenesis.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-05.
P5-07-04: Is a-L-Fucose Overexpressed on Cells of Aggressive Human Breast Cancers?
Authors: Listinsky JJ , Siegal GP , Listinsky CM 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Enzymatic removal of a-L-fucose (fucose) was shown over 20 years ago to abolish metastases in vivo in a rat model of mammary adenocarcinoma [J Cell Biochem 1988; 37: 49–59]. Since that time, evidence has accumulated to indicate that fucose is a functional effector in human breast cancer; essential for construction of the invasive and metastatic phenotypes. In light of these findings, the role of fucose in aggressive breast cancers is worthy of further investigation.
Our group has modified the method of Wright et al. in order to selectively remove cell surface fucose from viable human breast cancer cells in vitro. In our experience, a 30 min incubation of breast cancer cells with α-L-fucosidase (3.2.1.51) leads to a loss of transformative abilities including decreased cancer cell adhesion to select extracellular matrix components, decreased invasion into complex extracellular matrices, decreased binding by relevant antibodies and lectins, and decreased adhesion of cells (rolling) to model endothelium under shear stress flow conditions.
From this work we postulated that decisive differences in phenotypic and functional properties between treated and control human breast cancer cells should be obtainable with currently available models of aggressive disease. To that end, we and others have subsequently shown that human breast cancer cells express cell surface CD44 which carries fucosylated ligands and that its’ defucosylation altered its’ malignant phenotype.. Based on these precedents, it is reasonable to hypothesize that CD44-enriched breast cancer stem cell populations require fucose in order to exert their aggressive behavior. Assays to assess the role of fucose in these stem cells are apparent and include a battery of tests involving stem cell invasion into extracellular matrices, cell binding of antibodies or fucolectins, stem cell aggregation into spheroids, colony formation in soft agar, assessment of stem cell rolling/adhesion to endothelial cells or purified E-selectin under both static or physiological flow conditions and the ability to initiate tumors upon inoculation into animal models.
We believe that new insights into aggressive breast cancer cell behaviors can be gained through the depletion of cell surface fucose from breast cancer cells. Knowledge gained from these studies should yield new insights when using current models of human breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-04.
P5-11-05: Measurement of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Tumor Response in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer by Three Methodologies. Correlation with Overall Survival.
Authors: Garcia-Saenz JA , Romero A , Lopez Garcia-Asenjo JA , Roman JM , Moreno A , Fuentes M , Furio V , Pelayo A , Diaz-Rubio E , Caldes T , Martin M 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
Measurement of residual disease following neoadjuvant chemotherapy that accurate predicts long-term survival in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) is an essential requirement for new drugs efficacy evaluation. Several methods to assess neoadjuvant chemotherapy tumor response have been described. However, to our knowledge, agreement between methods and correlation with survival in independent prospective cohorts has not been reported.
Patients & Methods: In this study we report neoadjuvant chemotherapy tumor response and survival in 151 consecutive LABC patients, included in a neoadjuvant clinical trial (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00123929). Patients were randomized to either neoadjuvant docetaxel 100 mg/m2 every 21 days or neoadjuvant doxorubicin 75mg/m2, every 21 days, for 4 cycles. Following surgery, response was established according to three methodologies: the measurement of residual breast cancer burden (RBC) as described by Symman's (Symmans WF et al. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25:4414–22), Miller and Payne classification (Ogston KN et al. Breast. 2003;12:320–7) and RECIST criteria. Regarding to Symmans classification we have evaluate both RBC index, as a continuous variable, and RBC classes as a categorical variable (RBC-0,I,II,III). Kappa Cohen's coefficient (K) was used to test agreement between methods. We assessed the correlation between treatment outcome and overall survival (OS) by calculating the Harrell's C- statistic.
Results: Median of follow up was 51.9 months. All three methods showed a moderate capacity to classify patients according to OS. The C-statistic to predict OS was 0.76 (IC: 0.67- 0.84) for RBC index and 0.71 (IC: 0.64−0.78) for RBC classes, 0.68 (IC: 0.58−0.78) for RECIST criteria and 0.69 (0.60−0.78) for Miller and Payne classification. Interesting, we did not encountered any death events within RCB-0 class. No significant differences were found between C-statistic when patients were stratified according to therapy. In order to assess the agreement between techniques, we grouped categories 1 and 2 of Miller and Payne classification in 1 category. The agreement between Miller and Payne classification and Symmans method was very high (K=0.87). In contrast, we found a moderate-fair agreement between Miller and Payne classification and RECIST criteria (K=0.46) and Symmans method and RECIST criteria (K=0.27).
Conclusion: All three methods predicted fairly well OS. RCB-0 identified the best outcome group. The agreement between methodologies based in pathology analyses was very high. However, the agreement falls off when these methodologies were compared with RECIST criteria.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-05.
P5-11-07: Receptor Concordance in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) Recurrences.
Authors: Killian ME , De Los Santos JF , Forero-Torres A , Krontiras H 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: The phenotype of TNBC is defined by absence of estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) and lack of amplification of the HER2 oncogene. It is an aggressive form of breast cancer, and despite sensitivity to contemporary chemotherapy, TNBC have a poorer prognosis than ER positive phenotypes, marked by early relapses. This study examines the concordance of receptor status in recurrences among patients with TNBC. Methods: After obtaining IRB approval, we identified patients with triple negative breast cancer treated at the University of Alabama at Birmingham between 1998 and 2010. Patient and tumor characteristics and disease status were recorded. Patients with ER, PR, or HER2 (3+) positivity on immunohistochemistry (IHC), or HER2 amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization were excluded. Data regarding the receptor status of the recurrence, if known, was documented. Results: Five hundred and two women with TNBC were diagnosed at our institution between 1998 and 2010. Of these patients, 95/502 (19%) had recurrences. Twenty-seven (28%) were local, 18 (19%) were regional, 35 (37%) were distant, and 15 (16%) were both local-regional and distant. These women ranged in age from 33 to 84 years of age. Of the women with a recurrence, 78/95 (82%) had a biopsy confirming breast cancer recurrence. Of those biopsied, 33/78 (42%) had receptor studies performed, and of these, 30 included data for estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. The remaining 3 had only IHC for estrogen receptors performed. Twenty-two/thirty (73%) had concordance on their biopsy with their initial TNBC status, whereas 8/30 (27%) women developed a pathologically discordant recurrence. Conclusion: In this single institution study of TNBC patients, approximately one quarter of patients developed a pathologically discordant distant recurrence noted at biopsy. It is unclear whether patients experiencing a pathologically discordant recurrence differ in prognosis from those with concordant recurrences. Further study is necessary to evaluate this and determine whether routine biopsy based on pathologic discordance rates and outcomes are warranted.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-07.
P5-11-13: Rates of Upgrade to Malignancy for 271 Cases of Atypical Columnar Cell Hyperplasia Diagnosed by Breast Core Biopsy.
Authors: Peres A , Barranger E , Becette V , Boudinet A , Guinebretiere J-M , Cherel P 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Purpose: Atypical columnar cell hyperplasia (ACCH) is a borderline lesion that might represent an early stage in the development of certain low-grade carcinomas in situ (CIS) and invasive cancers. There are no guidelines on its management. Our objectives were to determine the upgrade to malignancy rate and identify a subpopulation of patients that might undergo just mammographic surveillance.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data for 271 ACCH cases among 5555 breast core biopsies obtained over a 7-year period (Jan. 2003 — Jan. 2010). We collated clinical data (age, history of cancer, menopausal status), radiological data (lesion type, size, Bi-Rads category), technical data (number of biopsies, needle gauge, excision quality) and histological data and sought correlations between these factors and upgrade rate.
Results: The 271 ACCH comprised 128 cases of pure ACCH, 135 cases of ACCH + atypical ductal hyperplasia, and 8 cases of ACCH + atypical lobular hyperplasia. Overall, 184 patients underwent surgery and 46 mammographic surveillance. Surgery detected 34 cases of malignancy (23 CIS, 7 invasive cancers, and 4 mixed cases) giving a 15% upgrade rate. Quality of excision was the only factor associated with under-diagnosis.
Conclusion: The presence of ACCH at biopsy warrants surgery.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-13.
P5-11-14: Flat Epithelial Atypia of the Breast: A Single Institution Experience.
Authors: Joh JE , Acs G , Kiluk JV , Laronga C , Khakpour N , Lee MC 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: Flat epithelial atypia of the breast is a relatively new entity of unknown significance. Our objective is to evaluate our surgical experience with this diagnosis.
Methods: A single institution database of breast patients from 2005–2010 was used to identify women who were diagnosed with flat epithelial atypia on core biopsy and subsequently underwent surgical excision. Patient data regarding history, type and reason for biopsy, and associated pathology was collected. Individuals diagnosed with flat epithelia atypia and cancer on core biopsies in the same breast were excluded.
Results: There were 52 patients who underwent surgical excision for the primary diagnosis of flat epithelial atypia. There were 3 (6%) patients with a personal history of breast cancer, 14 (27%) patients with a family history of breast cancer, and 11 (21%) patients with a concurrent new diagnosis of breast cancer in the contralateral breast. Core biopsy was recommended in most (81%) cases because of suspicious calcifications on mammography. Twenty-eight (54%) patients were found to have flat epithelial atypia associated with other atypical breast hyperplasia and 24 (46%) had flat epithelial atypia as the most significant lesion on core biopsy. In 8 (15%) patients, there was a sonographic correlate that was biopsied; 5 had only flat epithelial atypia and 3 had flat epithelial atypia associated with other atypical hyperplasia. Of the 52 patients there were 4 (8%) patients who upstaged to ductal carcinoma in-situ on surgical excision. There were no cases of invasive carcinoma. All ductal carcinoma in-situ cases were associated with other atypical breast hyperplasia, not flat epithelial atypia alone.
Conclusion: Though flat epithelial atypia may be associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, surgical excision of pure flat epithelial atypia may not be necessary. Larger studies are needed to corroborate these findings.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-11-14.
P5-13-06: Lipidomic Profile Predicts Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Weekly Paclitaxel Treatment.
Authors: Facina G , Calux NMCT , Silva MFR , Bonetti TCS , Nazario ACP , Silva IDCG 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is one of the main strategies for patients with advanced breast cancer. The taxane paclitaxel have an important role in inhibiting microtubule polymerization and this mechanism prevents cells from entering into the mitotic phase. The therapeutic efficacy and toxicity profile of weekly paclitaxel administration have been showed since 90s. Lipidomics may be defined as the large-scale study of pathways and networks of cellular lipids that is involved in biological systems. In the present study our aim was to evaluate the possibility to identify a lipidomic signature of good and bad responsers to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
PURPOSE: To analyze and identify the lipid fingerprint in tumor biopsy of advanced breast cancer patients who get a complete pathologic response (CPR) with weekly paclitaxel treatment and compare this with the group who get no response.
MATERIALAND METHODS: Seventy eight patients with clinical stage IIIA breast cancer were selected to receive the neoadjuvant treatment with weekly paclitaxel (for a total of 12 doses — 80mg/m2). Fifty eight patients completed the treatment purpose. Seven presented CPR (Group A) and 5 showed progressions (Group B). The lipids were extracted from biopsies and submitted to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). MALDI-MS spectra were acquired in the positive ion and reflectron modes using Synapt Q-ToF mass spectrometers (Waters, Manchester, UK). The spectra were acquired in the m/z 700–1200 range. From each spectrum the most intense ions were considered as the starting point of searching m/z values which were clearly distinct from noise level in the spectra were included in the principal component analysis (PCA).
RESULTS: The PCA analysis of the mass spectra shows that groups can be resolved via their MALDI-MS lipid profiles, which suggest the patients who presented CPR can present distinct lipid fingerprint in the tumor biopsy compared to patients who showed progressions.
CONCLUSION: After genomic and proteomic innovations, it turns necessary to explore metabolic processes at the system level. Lipidomics is a developing strategy for functional genomics, since there is growing evidence that lipids are structural biomolecules, which have important function as signal transduction processes, second messenger molecules or their precursors. Is possible that lipidomic profile of tumor specimen could help us to select the patients with advanced breast cancer that might present complete pathologic response by weekly paclitaxel treatment. This study will be continued to confirm this results and carried the identification of the lipids based on earlier studies and MS/MS data using lipidmaps and chemspider databases.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-13-06.
P5-14-02: Clinicopathologic and Prognostic Difference of Screen Detected Breast Cancer Compared with Symptomatic Breast Cancer.
Authors: Kim J , Lee SK , Kim S , Koo MY , Choi M-Y , Cho DH , Bae SY , Lee J , Jung SP , Lee JE , Yang J-H , Nam SJ 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer screening program makes it possible to detect early cancer, thus to reduce breast cancer mortality. The authors studied clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of screen detected invasive breast cancer compared with symptomatic breast cancer. Furthermore, we compared the result according to molecular subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, Her2, triple negative), so intended to identify the role of screening in each subtypes. Material and Methods: From January 2002 to June 2008, 3141 patients who underwent operation for the treatment of invasive ductal carcinoma(NOS) at Samsung medical center were included. Among them, 1025 patient were screen detected, 2116 patient were symptomatic, out of screening over 2 years. We reviewed the medical records retrospectively.
Result: Screen detected breast cancer was associated with older patients, smaller tumor size, more hormone receptor- positive, less lymph node involvement, lower stage and reduced mortality compared with symptomatic breast cancer (P &lt; .001). According to the molecular subtype, in luminal A subtype, the result shows better pathologic feature and also favorable overall and recur-free survial significantly.

Conclusion: Compared to symptomatic breast cancer patients, screen detected breast cancer patients have favorable pathological and molecular characteristics, so better outcomes. According to the molecular subtype, only in luminal A subtype, screen detected breast cancer shows both overall and disease free survival benefit, and also acts as an independent prognostic factor itself. So, screening program seems to have a different efficacy depending on the molecular subtype of breast cancer
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-14-02.
P5-16-01: Are We Going To Be Able To Train Future Surgeons How To Perform Axillary Lymph Node Dissection?
Authors: Betambeau N , Chan C 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: Axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) has been performed regularly by surgeons for several decades. The sentinel lymph node era has led to a reduction in ALND procedures as node negative women are now spared further surgery and morbidity. Following the publication of the ACOSOG Z0011 trial, it is conceivable that completion ALND (cALND) may be rendered unnecessary for many women who have breast conserving surgery and have 1 to 2 positive sentinel lymph node disease. If there is a substantial drop in ALND procedures, this may impact on our ability to train surgeons in the future.
Material and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the breast cancer practice for 2 consultant surgeons in a busy UK centre. In this centre all patients with a positive diagnosis of invasive breast cancer had preoperative axillary ultrasound scanning (USS) and needle biopsy (fine needle aspiration or core biopsy) if enlarged or suspicious axillary lymph nodes were seen. Hence sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was only performed on patients with both clinically and radiologically negative axillary lymph nodes.
Results: In 2009 and 2010 the 2 consultants treated a total of 255 patients with invasive breast cancer. Thirty one patients (12.2%) had positive axillary lymph disease identified by USS and axillary needle biopsy; these women were treated with ALND. The remaining 224 patients had clinically and radiologically negative axillary lymph nodes and proceeded to SLNB. Of these, 58 patients had at least one positive sentinel lymph node (25.9%) and proceeded to cALND; 39 women had breast conserving surgery and 19 women had mastectomy. If our centre were to adopt a policy of observation only in those women having breast conserving surgery and whom had no more than 2 positive sentinel lymph nodes (as per ACOSOG Z0011 trial), then 33 fewer ALND would have been performed. This would leave a new total of 56 ALND procedures being performed over a 2 year period in women with pre-operatively identified positive axillary lymph nodes, those undergoing mastectomy and those women with 3 or greater positive sentinel lymph nodes on SLNB. On our service we have 2 residents which would result in a maximum number of 14 ALND procedures per year that each resident may be trained to perform. It is likely that the actual number will be less due to commitments away from the elective operating room, such as emergency duties and annual leave etc. Is this an adequate number of ALND procedures for a resident to gain competence in the technique?
Discussion: The training of surgical residents is competence based and if our centre is representative of most centres treating breast cancers in the UK, will the teaching of ALND procedures be limited to specialist, ultra-high volume centres if the ACOSOG Z0011 trial findings are to be adopted?
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-16-01.