bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contemporary experience with ketoconazole in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer: Clinical factors associated with PSA response and disease progression
Authors: Keizman Daniel , Huang Peng , Carducci Michael A. , Eisenberger Mario A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdrenal/intratumoral androgen biosynthesis contributes to ligand‐dependent androgen receptor activation in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRCP). Compounds targeting CYP‐17 hydroxylase and lyase, as ketoconazole and abiraterone, block adrenal/intratumoral androgen biosynthesis, and are used as sequential endocrine approaches in mCRCP. We aimed to describe contemporary experience and association of clinical factors with Prostate specific antigen (PSA) response and disease progression, in mCRPC progressing on GnRH‐agonist, antiandrogen, antiandrogen withdrawal, and treated with ketoconazole.METHODSData were retrospectively analyzed in all mCRPC patients treated with ketoconazole. Patients continued GnRH‐agonist, and treated with ketoconazole 200–400 mg 3× a day until dose‐limiting toxicity or disease progression. A multivariate cox regression model was used to identify clinical factors associated with PSA response and disease progression.RESULTSFrom 1999 to 2010, 114 mCRPC patients were treated with ketoconazole. With a median follow‐up time of 31 months (range 5–129), 25 patients (22%) had grade 3/4 toxicity, most commonly fatigue, abdominal discomfort, nausea, and dizziness. Sixty‐one patients (54%) had ≥50% PSA decline. Median time to progression was 8 months (range 1–129). Factors associated with PSA response and disease progression were response to prior antiandrogen (≥6 vs. <6 months), pre‐treatment PSADT (≥3 vs. <3 months) and extent of disease (limited‐axial skeleton and/or nodal vs. extensive‐appendicular skeleton and/or visceral).CONCLUSIONSKetoconazole is effective and safe in mCRPC. Prior response to antiandrogen, pre‐treatment PSADT, and disease extent are associated with PSA response and disease progression, and further supports a therapeutic role in suppressing adrenal androgens in mCRPC. Prostate 72:461–467, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A guide to developing and implementing safety checklists: Plant steam utilities
Authors: Fecke Mark , Martens John , Cowells Joel ,   Delmar “Trey” Morrison
Published: June 2011

AbstractSteam generation is an integral part of most chemical process plants; however, the steam plant often is or can be overlooked in the area of hazard analysis. The reasons for this oversight are obvious: steam generation is considered to be an old and well‐understood process, and steam boiler systems are often not considered to pose the same hazards as other plant units. However, modern steam boiler systems are fueled with natural gas, pulverized coal, and/or fuel oil; each of which poses significant fire and explosion hazards. For example, a moderately sized chemical plant's boiler house may have two or three boilers operating at 240 MMBTU/hr, with each using approximately 11 ton/hr of subbituminous pulverized coal feed. Chemical plants rely on equipment design and installation, maintenance practices, operating procedures, and programmable logic controllers to operate safely. Steam plants rely on these same safety mechanisms. Thus, the same process safety management objectives may be applied to these systems as to the balance of the chemical plant.Several hazard analysis techniques can be applied to existing designs, management of change, and new designs of steam power plants in chemical facilities. A method that we have found useful to apply to these systems is that of a safety checklist based on relevant standards and good engineering practice. More than just identifying the hazards and required safeguards for such a system, if implemented effectively, the checklist will enhance training and staff knowledge of boiler operation and safety systems. This paper aims to provide guidelines for when it is appropriate to implement a checklist and for reasonable alternatives for developing such a checklist. We will also discuss typical hurdles in implementing such a hazard analysis program for existing boiler systems. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2011
The downside of being ‘up’: entrepreneurs' dispositional positive affect and firm performance
Authors: Baron Robert A. , Tang Jintong , Hmieleski Keith M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPrevious research indicates that dispositional positive affect (DPA) is related to many beneficial outcomes (e.g., enhanced career success, development of high‐quality social networks, improved performance on many tasks). Past research, however, has not directly investigated three crucial issues: (1) Are there limits to these beneficial effects? (2) Is dispositional positive affect related to firm performance as well as to individual entrepreneur performance? (3) Are the effects of entrepreneurs' DPA moderated by specific variables? The present study provides evidence relating to these issues. Findings indicate significant relationships between entrepreneurs' DPA and two measures of firm performance (product innovation and sales growth rate). However, there are indeed limits to these effects, such that beyond certain upper bounds, further increments in entrepreneurs' DPA are associated with declines in firm performance. These effects are moderated by firm size, such that the negative effects of entrepreneurs' DPA are stronger in small firms than in comparatively larger ones. Results contribute to the development of theory for understanding the role of entrepreneurs' affect in the entrepreneurial process. More generally, they contribute to ongoing efforts to understand how founding entrepreneurs influence the subsequent development and growth of their firms. Copyright © 2011 Strategic Management Society.
The impact of ipos on the values of directly competing incumbents
Authors: Lee Seung‐Hyun , Bach Seung B. , Baik Yoon‐Suk 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWould an initial public offering (IPO) in a growing and uncertain industry have a positive or negative effect on directly competing incumbent firms in the industry? We assert that due to the risk and uncertainty inherent in a growing industry, a firm's IPO may send a positive market signal of growing industry demand. An IPO can send a signal to the investors of directly competing incumbents that the market is promising, and incumbent firms will enjoy a better future. If directly competing incumbent firms are capable of capturing these positive externalities, they will experience even greater positive results. In particular, an incumbent firm with a significant research and development investment may capture more of this increased demand in the industry. On the other hand, if a market segment is more concentrated, it is more likely that directly competing incumbents will suffer when another firm announces an IPO. We find supporting results for the various arguments of our initial question examining the computer‐related service industry. We also present discussion and implications for our results. Copyright © 2011 Strategic Management Society.
Translational characterization of [11C]GSK931145, a PET ligand for the glycine transporter type 1
Authors: Gunn Roger N. , Murthy Venkatesha , Catafau Ana M. , Searle Graham , Bullich Santiago , Slifstein Mark , Ouellet Daniele , Zamuner Stefano , Herance Raul , Salinas Cristian , Pardo‐Lozano Ricardo , Rabiner Eugenii A. , Farre Magi , Laruelle Marc 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe current interest in developing Glycine transporter Type 1 (GlyT‐1) inhibitors, for diseases such as schizophrenia, has led to the demand for a GlyT‐1 PET molecular imaging tool to aid drug development and dose selection. We report on [11C]GSK931145 as a novel GlyT‐1 imaging probe in primate and man. Primate PET studies were performed to determine the level of specific binding following homologous competition with GSK931145 and the plasma‐occupancy relationship of the GlyT‐1 inhibitor GSK1018921. Human PET studies were performed to determine the test–retest reproducibility of [11C]GSK931145 and the plasma‐occupancy relationship of GSK1018921. [11C]GSK931145 entered primate and human brain and yielded a heterogeneous pattern of uptake which was similar in both species with highest uptake in midbrain, thalamus, and cerebellum. Homologous competition in primates indicated no viable reference region and gave binding potential estimates between 1.5 and 3 for midbrain, thalamus and cerebellum, While the distribution and binding potential values were similar across species, both the plasma free fraction (fP: 0.8 vs. 8%) and delivery (K1: 0.025 vs. 0.126 ml cm−3 min−1) were significantly lower in humans. Test–retest reproducibility in humans calculated using a two tissue compartmental model was poor (VAR(VT): 29–38%), but was improved using a pseudo reference tissue model (VAR(BPND): 16–23%). GSK1018921 EC50 estimates were 22.5 and 45.7 ng/ml in primates and humans, respectively. Synapse, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cut Set Analysis using Behavior Trees and model checking
Authors: Lindsay Peter A. , Yatapanage Nisansala , Winter Kirsten 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Safety analysis can be labour intensive and error prone for system designers. Moreover, even a relatively minor change to a system’s design can necessitate a complete reworking of the system safety analysis. This paper proposes the use of Behavior Trees and model checking to automate Cut Set Analysis (CSA) : that is, the identification of combinations of component failures that can lead to hazardous system failures. We demonstrate an automated incremental approach to CSA, in which models are extended incrementally and previous results incorporated in such a way as to significantly reduce the time and effort required for the new analysis. The approach is demonstrated on a case study concerning the hydraulics systems for the Airbus A320 aircraft.
Reduction of photosynthesis before midday depression occurred: leaf photosynthesis of Fagus crenata in a temperate forest in relation to canopy position and a number of days after rainfall
Authors: Koyama Kohei , Kikuzawa Kihachiro 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe investigated an effect of canopy position and a number of days after rainfall on reduction of photosynthetic rate in a Fagus crenata forest in summer 2008, during days when midday depression was not apparent. We compared in situ photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic rate that was calculated by photosynthetic light response curves measured in the morning. The ratio, in situ photosynthesis divided by the curve‐estimated value, declined towards the end of each day for the upper leaves, but not for the lower leaves. Total photosynthesis was reduced only for the upper leaves by 12% during 5 days after the rainfall.
Direct Determination of Glycidyl Esters of Fatty Acids in Vegetable Oils by LC–MS
Authors: Blumhorst Michael R. , Venkitasubramanian Padmesh , Collison Mark W. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAn LC–MS method using a single quadrupole mass spectrometer was developed for direct analysis of glycidyl esters of fatty acids in vegetable oils. Without any sample clean‐up, this method provided acceptable recovery of seven glycidyl esters, comparable results to a previously‐published method utilizing two solid‐phase extraction steps, and consistent detection parameters after greater than 200 injections without any cleaning operations performed. This method could readily be implemented as a screening assay for glycidyl esters in most oil laboratories.
Histological and biological assessment of vitrified ovarian follicles from large animals
Authors: Bao Rong‐Mei , Taketsuru Hiroaki , Miyano Takashi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMammalian ovaries contain mixed populations of follicles at different developmental stages. A combination of vitrification and growth culture of ovarian follicles could provide the desired number of mature eggs from a preserved small amount of ovarian tissues. Secondary and primordial follicles from porcine and bovine ovaries were vitrified in solutions containing ethylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide and different concentrations of sucrose, and assessed via histological examination, viability staining, xenografting to immunodeficient mice, and in vitro culturing. Histological examination revealed the damage to oocytes and the damage to follicle components separately. The effects of sucrose in vitrification solutions on the follicles were different depending on the developmental stage of the follicle, oocyte size, cell type in the follicle, and species. Viability staining with fluorescein diacetate was useful to assess the damage to oocytes in secondary follicles. In the xenografts, vitrified bovine primordial and secondary follicles developed to the antral stage, and vitrified porcine primordial follicles developed to the secondary stage. Furthermore, bovine secondary follicles formed antrum‐like structures in culture. These results suggest that histological examination and viability staining are valuable for assessing the direct effects of vitrification and warming conditions on follicles and oocytes, while xenografting and in vitro culturing can be useful for evaluating the developmental ability of vitrified follicles and oocytes.
Oocyte growth in vitro: potential model for studies of oocyte–granulosa cell interactions
Authors: Hirao Yuji 
Published: June 2011

AbstractVarious factors such as gonadotrophins, growth factors, and steroid hormones play important roles in the regulation of oocyte/follicular growth in mammalian ovaries. In addition to these factors, there is a bidirectional interaction between oocytes and granulosa cells that is essential for achieving optimal oocyte developmental competence. Oocytes play a key role in this interaction by secreting paracrine factors that alter the activities of neighboring cumulus cells, such as the expression of a specific amino acid transporter, cholesterol biosynthesis, and levels of glycolysis in the cumulus cells. Among the known oocyte‐derived factors, growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) is the dominant factor mediating the regulation by oocytes leading to cumulus expansion and granulosa cell proliferation. GDF9 frequently interacts with other oocyte‐derived factors in a synergistic manner. It seems reasonable to speculate that oocytes growing in vitro require interactions similar to those in vivo. Some of the oocyte‐mediated regulations have been confirmed in vitro, providing evidence of the usefulness of culture systems as a strong tool for such studies. This review discusses in vitro culture of growing oocytes in terms of oocyte–granulosa cell interactions.
Packet level video quality evaluation of extensive H.264/AVC and SVC transmission simulation
Authors: Skupin Robert , Hellge Cornelius , Schierl Thomas , Wiegand Thomas 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Video transmission over error prone channels as present in most of today’s communication channels, such as Mobile TV or some IPTV systems, is constantly subject to research. Simulation is an important instrument to evaluate performance of the overall video transmission system, but the multitude of parameters often requires large and time-consuming simulation sets. In this paper, we present a packet level mechanism for fast evaluation of error-prone H.264/AVC and SVC video transmission with application layer video quality metrics, such as PSNR. Our approach significantly reduces the overall simulation time by eliminating redundancy in the evaluation phase and utilizing the prediction structure of the video codec. The benefit of the presented packet level video quality evaluation is evaluated with an exemplary simulation setup of an IPTV service with link congestion.
From service delivery to integrated SOA based application delivery in the telecommunication industry
Authors: Menkens Christian , Wuertinger Michael 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Currently, in the Telecommunication industry, the move toward service oriented infrastructures based on Internet Protocol (IP), IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), Service Oriented Architectures (SOA), and Service Delivery Platforms (SDP) can be observed. Communication Service Providers (CSP) are opening parts of their core infrastructure and interfaces to third party developers. Nevertheless, there is still a gap between application developer communities and the Telecommunication industry. CSPs offer their services so developers can use them in their applications but developers do not have any incentives, tools, or development environments that would help them to overcome the barriers of accessing Telecommunication services to build future distributed Web-Telecom-Converged Applications. This research work presents a concept for how to close this gap by conceptualizing an end-to-end platform from Telecommunication core networks and the Internet to end user clients. Requirements of all platform stakeholders are identified and through the combination of SOA platform concepts with Telecommunication SDP architecture concepts and application store application distribution concepts (e.g. Apple AppStore, Google Market) fulfilled. The final result is a concept and logical reference architecture for Application Delivery Platforms (ADP) that extend the concepts of SDPs by broadening the focus from re-usable SOA services over a Web-Telecom-Converged Application architecture and service/application life cycle management to end user applications on client platforms and devices. In order to proof the concepts of the logical ADP reference architecture, central parts of the architecture and a demonstrational “Converged Address Book” use-case are implemented and deployed.
The role of infant feeding practices in the explanation for ethnic differences in infant growth: the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study
Authors: de Hoog Marieke L. A. , van Eijsden Manon , Stronks Karien , Gemke Reinoud J. B. J. , Vrijkotte Tanja G. M. 
Published: June 2011

Rapid early growth in infants may influence overweight and CVD in later life. Both rapid growth and these disease outcomes disproportionately affect some ethnic minorities. We determined ethnic differences in growth rate (Δ standard deviation scores, ΔSDS) during the first 6 months of life and assessed the explanatory role of infant feeding. Data were derived from a multiethnic cohort for the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development study (The Netherlands). Growth data (weight and length) of 2998 term-born singleton infants with no fetal growth restriction were available for five ethnic populations: Dutch (n 1619), African descent (n 174), Turkish (n 167), Moroccan (n 232) and other non-Dutch (n 806). ΔSDS for weight, length and weight-for-length between 4 weeks and 6 months were defined using internal references. Infant feeding pattern (breast-feeding duration, introduction of formula feeding and complementary feeding) in relation to ethnic differences in growth rate was examined by multivariate linear regression. Results showed that the growth rate was higher in almost all ethnic minorities, with β between 0·07 and 0·41 for ΔSDS weight and between 0·12 and 0·42 for ΔSDS length, compared with ethnic Dutch infants. ΔSDS weight-for-length was similar across groups, except for Moroccan infants (β 0·25, P < 0·05) after correction for confounders. In general, exclusive breast-feeding for 4 months was associated with slower growth for all three growth measures. Feeding factors explained, to a small degree, the higher weight and length gain in African descent infants, but not the higher ΔSDS weight-for-length in the Moroccan population. More research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the high infant growth rate in Turkish and Moroccan infants.
Towards a new role for vector systematics in parasite control
Authors: ZAROWIECKI MAGDALENA , LOAIZA JOSE R. , CONN JAN E. 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYVector systematics research is being transformed by the recent development of theoretical, experimental and analytical methods, as well as conceptual insights into speciation and reconstruction of evolutionary history. We review this progress using examples from the mosquito genusAnopheles. The conclusion is that recent progress, particularly in the development of better tools for understanding evolutionary history, makes systematics much more informative for vector control purposes, and has increasing potential to inform and improve targeted vector control programmes.
The development of whole-word representations in compound word processing: Evidence from eye fixation patterns of elementary school children
Authors: HÄIKIÖ TUOMO , BERTRAM RAYMOND , HYÖNÄ JUKKA 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThe role of morphology in reading development was examined by measuring participants’ eye movements while they read sentences containing either a hyphenated (e.g., ulko-ovi “front door”) or concatenated (e.g., autopeli “racing game”) compound. The participants were Finnish second, fourth, and sixth graders (aged 8, 10, and 12 years, respectively). Fast second graders and all four and sixth graders read concatenated compounds faster than hyphenated compounds. This suggests that they resort to slower morpheme-based processing for hyphenated compounds but prefer to process concatenated compounds via whole-word representations. In contrast, slow second graders’ fixation durations were shorter for hyphenated than concatenated compounds. This implies that they process all compounds via constituent morphemes and that hyphenation comes to aid in this process.
‘How, or Why, do we Come to Think of a World of Things in Themselves?’
Authors: Kuehn Manfred 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe interpretation of Kant's Critical philosophy as a version of traditional idealism has a long history. In spite of Kant's and his commentators’ various attempts to distinguish between traditional and transcendental idealism, his philosophy continues to be construed as committed (whether explicitly or implicitly and whether consistently or inconsistently) to various features usually associated with the traditional idealist project. As a result, most often, the accusation is that his Critical philosophy makes too strong metaphysical and epistemological claims.In his The Revolutionary Kant, Graham Bird engages in a systematic and thorough evaluation of the traditionalist interpretation, as part of perhaps the most comprehensive and compelling defence of a revolutionary reading of Kant's thought. In the third part of this special issue, the exchanges between, on the one hand, Graham Bird and, on the other, Gary Banham, Gordon Brittan, Manfred Kuehn, Adrian Moore and Kenneth Westphal focus on specific aspects of Bird's interpretation of Kant's first Critique. More exactly, the emphasis is on specific aspects of Bird's interpretation of the Introduction, Analytic of Principles and Transcendental Dialectic of Kant's first Critique.The second part of the special issue is devoted to discussions of particular topics in Bird's construal of the remaining significant parts of the first Critique, namely, of the Transcendental Aesthetic and the Analytic of Concepts. Written by Sorin Baiasu and Michelle Grier, these articles examine specific issues in these two remaining parts of the Critique, from the perspective of the debate between the traditionalist and revolutionary interpretation. The special issue begins with an Introduction by the guest co-editors. This provides a summary of the exchanges between Bird and his critics, with a particular focus on the debates stemming from the differences between traditional and revolutionary interpretations of Kant.