bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable and smart electric bus charging station deployment via hybrid spherical fuzzy BWM and MULTIMOORA framework
Authors: Deniz Ruchan , Aydin Nezir 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aims to assist public bus operators in locating electric bus charging station (EBCS) facilities from a smart and sustainable view. The selection of the most suitable EBCSs from various possible candidates involves a sophisticated decision-making procedure in terms of several contradictory criteria with imprecise information. The novelty of the study resides in exploring the EBCS site selection problem with spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs), which have shown remarkable effectiveness in limiting information loss by seizing ambiguous, and uncertain data. In this regard, a novel best–worst method (BWM) incorporating Multi-objective optimization via full multiplicative form ratio analysis (MULTIMOORA) methodology in the spherical fuzzy context is proposed to choose the optimal locations for EBCSs. The integrated framework combines the adaptability of the spherical fuzzy BWM (SF-BWM) for determining the criteria weights with the convenience of spherical fuzzy MULTIMOORA (SF-MULTIMOORA) approach for ranking the alternatives. A case study for Istanbul is provided to substantiate the propounded technique and to confirm its viability and efficiency. In the course of making a decision, a four-level hierarchical structure consisting of five main and 22 sub-criteria is built and the comparison matrices are reviewed by a panel of seven experts. A sensitivity analysis is executed, and the results demonstrate that the propositioned approach produces outcomes that are quite robust and consistent. Hence, the findings of this research can benefit public bus operators in choosing the ideal sites for electric charging stations. Finally, the formulated generic methodology is also easily applicable to diverse and complex multiple-criteria problems in the spherical fuzzy domain.
The outcomes of the management of complex distal tibia and ankle fractures in elderly with tibiotalocalcaneal nail in a minimum 12-month follow-up period
Authors: Kotsarinis Georgios , Santolini Emanuele , Kanakaris Nikolaos , Giannoudis Peter V. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the use of tibiotalocalcaneal nail for the treatment of complex distal tibia and ankle fractures in elderly people, in a major trauma centre.

Methods
Elderly patients (age > 65) with distal tibia or ankle fractures that underwent stabilization with a tibiotalocalcaneal nail were eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria were patients that died or were lost to follow-up and cases in which the nail was used in a chronic setting, such as malunion and non-union. Main parameters evaluated were fracture union, complications and functional outcomes. The functional outcome was assessed using the Olerud–Molander Ankle Score (OMAS). The minimum follow-up was 12 months.

Results
Thirty-two consecutive patients (12 males) with a mean age of 80.2 years (range 66–98) met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis of this study. Fracture union was achieved in 93.8% of the cases at a mean time of 3.9 months (range 2–8). Two patients developed surgical site infections and underwent reoperation before union. The overall complication rate was 25.1%, while the respective reintervention rate was 18.8%. In terms of functional outcomes, the mean OMAS score was 45, ranging from 20 to 70.

Conclusion
Tibiotalocalcaneal nailing can be considered as an acceptable less invasive option with good functional outcomes for the treatment of complex distal tibia and ankle fractures in frail patients with problematic local soft tissues.
COVID-19 – Auswirkung auf das Verhalten von Tumorpatienten
Authors: Kaiser Ulrich , Hoffmann Ana , Fiedler Moritz , Kück Fabian , Kaiser Florian , Vehling-Kaiser Ursula 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Coronavirus-Krankheit-2019 (COVID-19) gefährdet Tumorpatienten durch schwere Krankheitsverläufe.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die vorliegende Untersuchung beschäftigt sich mit dem Impf- und Sicherheitsverhalten von Tumorpatienten bzgl. COVID-19.

Material und Methoden
Von 01/2022 bis 03/2022 wurden an drei medizinischen Versorgungszentren (MVZ) in Niederbayern alle Patienten eingeladen, an einer COVID-19-Umfrage teilzunehmen. Hierfür wurde ein Fragebogen mit den Schwerpunkten Schutzmaßnahmen, Impfungen und erlebte Sicherheit entwickelt. Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv und mittels des exakten Tests nach Fisher sowie mit multivariablen logistischen Regressionsmodellen.

Ergebnisse
1228 Fragebögen konnten ausgewertet werden. 6 % der Patienten waren nicht geimpft. Der Großteil der geimpften Patienten geht davon aus, durch die Impfung vor einem schweren Krankheitsverlauf bzw. komplett geschützt zu sein. Sicherheitsmaßnahmen wurden außerhalb der Familie deutlich strenger gehandhabt als innerhalb. Sicherheitsvorkehrungen in onkologischen Praxen wurden begrüßt.

Diskussion
Tumorpatienten zeigen bzgl. einer COVID-19-Infektion ein hohes Sicherheitsbedürfnis, was sich im Einhalten von Schutzmaßnahmen und in der Akzeptanz von Sicherheitsvorkehrungen widerspiegelt. Beide werden im häuslichen Bereich allerdings deutlich weniger eingehalten, sodass der Aufklärung und Impfung von Angehörigen große Bedeutung zukommt. Nichtgeimpfte Tumorpatienten gaben als Grund der Impfverweigerung neben Angst vor Nebenwirkungen (64 %) insbesondere auch Angst vor einer Krankheitsverschlechterung (51 %) an, sodass die Aufklärung dieser Patientengruppe hinsichtlich Impfung und Sicherheitsmaßnahmen besonders intensiv durchgeführt werden sollte.
A closer look into the affect dynamics of adolescents with depression and the interactions with their parents: An ecological momentary assessment study
Authors: Janssen Loes H.C. , Verkuil Bart , van Houtum Lisanne A.E.M. , Wever Mirjam C.M. , Wentholt Wilma G.M. , Elzinga Bernet M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdolescents with depression tend to perceive behavior of parents as less positive than adolescents without depression, but conclusions are based on retrospective reports assessed once or over long time intervals, with the risk of memory biases affecting the recall. The current study used ecological momentary assessments to examine the link between adolescent affect and the amount of warmth and criticism expressed by both mothers and fathers in families with adolescents with depression versus adolescents without psychopathology in daily life. It also explored the possible bias by assessing parenting on the momentary, daily (EMA), and retrospective level. The sample consisted of 34 adolescents with depression and 58 parents and 80 healthy controls and 151 parents (adolescents: Mage = 15.8, SD = 1.41; 67.5% girls, parents: Mage = 49.3, SD = 5.73; 54.1% mothers). Participants completed retrospective questionnaires and four surveys a day for 14 consecutive days. Preregistered multilevel models showed that momentary parenting reports of adolescents with depression and healthy controls did not differ. The associations between perceived parenting of both mothers and fathers and adolescent affect did also not differ between the two groups. These results illustrate that adolescents generally benefit from supportive parenting, but substantial differences between individuals were found. In contrast to the momentary data, both adolescents with depression and their parents did report more negative parenting on retrospective questionnaires than healthy controls and their parents indicating that adolescents with depression may have a negativity bias in their retrospective recall. These findings are highly relevant for clinical practice and underscore the need for careful assessments on different time scales and including all family members.
Understanding the influence of AI autonomy on AI explainability levels in human-AI teams using a mixed methods approach
Authors: Hauptman Allyson I. , Schelble Beau G. , Duan Wen , Flathmann Christopher , McNeese Nathan J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn obstacle to effective teaming between humans and AI is the agent’s "black box" design. AI explanations have proven benefits, but few studies have explored the effects that explanations can have in a teaming environment with AI agents operating at heightened levels of autonomy. We conducted two complementary studies, an experiment and participatory design sessions, investigating the effect that varying levels of AI explainability and AI autonomy have on the participants’ perceived trust and competence of an AI teammate to address this research gap. The results of the experiment were counter-intuitive, where the participants actually perceived the lower explainability agent as both more trustworthy and more competent. The participatory design sessions further revealed how a team’s need to know influences when and what teammates need explained from AI teammates. Based on these findings, several design recommendations were developed for the HCI community to guide how AI teammates should share decision information with their human counterparts considering the careful balance between trust and competence in human-AI teams.
Multi-agent system architecture for winter road maintenance: a real Spanish case study
Authors: Jiménez-Bravo Diego M. , Bajo Javier , González-Pachón Jacinto , De Paz Juan F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRoad safety remains a critical issue in contemporary society, where the sudden deterioration of road conditions due to weather-related natural phenomena poses significant risks. These abrupt changes can lead to severe safety hazards on the roads, making real-time monitoring and control essential for maintaining road safety. In this context, technological advancements, especially in sensor networks and intelligent systems, play a fundamental role in efficiently managing these challenges. This study introduces an innovative approach that leverages a sophisticated sensor platform coupled with a multi-agent system. This integration facilitates the collection, processing, and analysis of data to preemptively determine the appropriate chemical treatments for roads during severe winter conditions. By employing advanced data analysis and machine learning techniques within a multi-agent framework, the system can predict and respond to adverse weather effects swiftly and with a high degree of accuracy. The proposed system has undergone rigorous testing in a real-world environment, which has verified its operational effectiveness. The results from the deployment of the multi-agent architecture and its predictive capabilities are encouraging, suggesting that this approach could significantly enhance road safety in extreme weather conditions. Furthermore, the proposed architecture allows the system to evolve and scale over time. This paper details the design and implementation of the system, discusses the results of its field tests, and explores potential improvements.
Development of a reliable surgical quality assurance tool for gastrectomy in oncological trials
Authors: Harris A. , Butterworth J. B. , Boshier P. R. , Mavroveli S. , Vadhwana B. , Peters C. J. , Eom B. W. , Yeh C.-C. , Mikhail S. , Sasako M. , Kim Y.-W. , Hanna G. B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite its recognized importance, there is currently no reliable tool for surgical quality assurance (SQA) of gastrectomy in surgical oncology. The aim of this study was to develop an SQA tool for gastrectomy and to apply this tool within the ADDICT Trial in order to assess the extent and completeness of lymphadenectomy.

Methods
The operative steps for D1+ and D2 gastrectomy have been previously described in the literature and ADDICT trial manual. Two researchers also performed fieldwork in the UK and Japan to document key operative steps through photographs and semi-structured interviews with expert surgeons. This provided the steps that were used as the framework for the SQA tool. Sixty-two photographic cases from the ADDICT Trial were rated by three independent surgeons. Generalizability (G) theory determined inter-rater reliability. D-studies examined the effect of varying the number of assessors and photographic series they rated. Chi-square assessed intra-rater reliability, comparing how the individual assessor’s responses corresponded to their global rating for extent of lymphadenectomy.

Results
The tool comprised 20 items, including 19 anatomical landmarks and a global rating score. Overall reliability had G-coefficient of 0.557. Internal consistency was measured with a Cronbach’s alpha score of 0.869 and Chi-square confirmed intra-rater reliability for each assessor as < 0.05.

Conclusions
A photographic surgical quality assurance tool is presented for gastrectomy. Using this tool, the assessor can reliably determine not only the quality but also the extent of the lymphadenectomy performed based on remaining anatomy rather than the excised specimen.
Long-term returns to local health-care spending
Authors: Červený Jakub , Ours Jan C. van 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the effects of health-care spending on mortality rates of patients who experienced a heart attack. We relate in-hospital deaths to in-hospital spending and post-discharge deaths to post-discharge health-care spending. In our analysis, we use detailed administrative data on individual personal characteristics including comorbidities, information about the type of medical treatment and information about health-care expenses at the regional level. To account for potential selectivity in the region of health-care treatment we compare local patients with visitors and stayers with recent movers from a different region. We find that in regions with higher health-care spending mortality after heart attacks is substantially lower. From this we conclude that there are long-term returns to local health-care spending.
Improved Prediction of the Flow in Cylindrical Critical Flow Venturi Nozzles Using a Transitional Model
Authors: Weiss Sebastian , Mickan Bodo , Polansky Jiri , Oberleithner Kilian , Bär Markus , Schmelter Sonja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCritical flow Venturi nozzles (CFVNs) are a state-of-the-art secondary standard widely used for gas flow measurements with high precision. The flow rate correlates with the type and thickness of the boundary layer (BL) inside the nozzle throat. In the cylindrical type—one of the two standard designs of CFVNs—the nozzle throat encompasses a defined axial length in which the BL develops. This numerical study is concerned with the BL effects in a cylindrical CFVN by means of two turbulence models. Compared to experimental data, the k-$$\omega$$
ω
SST model predicts the discharge coefficient well for high and low Reynolds numbers, but not in the intermediate regime. The $$\gamma$$
γ
-$$Re_{\theta }$$

R

e
θ

model, on the contrary, agrees well with experimental data in the entire flow range. Relevant quantities and profiles of the BL are separately investigated in the laminar, turbulent, and transitional region. The calculated laminar and turbulent BL thicknesses correspond to predictions based on integral methods for solving the BL equations. Simple representations are proposed for the Zagarola-Smits scaled laminar and turbulent deficit BL profiles removing the effects of axial position, Reynolds number, and pressure gradient. Furthermore, the shape factor is investigated as a characteristic parameter for determining the transitional region.
Targeting CD44 and other pleiotropic co-receptors as a means for broad inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis
Authors: Mehner Lisa-Marie , Munoz-Sagredo Leonel , Sonnentag Steffen Joachim , Treffert Sven Máté , Orian-Rousseau Véronique 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough progress has been made in the treatment of cancer, particularly for the four major types of cancers affecting the lungs, colon, breast and prostate, resistance to cancer treatment often emerges upon inhibition of major signaling pathways, which leads to the activation of additional pathways as a last-resort survival mechanism by the cancer cells. This signaling plasticity provides cancer cells with a level of operational freedom, reducing treatment efficacy. Plasticity is a characteristic of cancer cells that are not only able to switch signaling pathways but also from one cellular state (differentiated cells to stem cells or vice versa) to another. It seems implausible that the inhibition of one or a few signaling pathways of heterogeneous and plastic tumors can sustain a durable effect. We propose that inhibiting molecules with pleiotropic functions such as cell surface co-receptors can be a key to preventing therapy escape instead of targeting bona fide receptors. Therefore, we ask the question whether co-receptors often considered as “accessory molecules” are an overlooked key to control cancer cell behavior.
Quantum Mechanics Based on an Extended Least Action Principle and Information Metrics of Vacuum Fluctuations
Authors: Yang Jianhao M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe show that the formulations of non-relativistic quantum mechanics can be derived from an extended least action principle. The principle can be considered as an extension of the least action principle from classical mechanics by factoring in two assumptions. First, the Planck constant defines the minimal amount of action a physical system needs to exhibit during its dynamics in order to be observable. Second, there is constant vacuum fluctuation along a classical trajectory. A novel method is introduced to define the information metrics to measure additional observability due to vacuum fluctuations, which is then converted to an additional action through the first assumption. Applying the variational principle to minimize the total actions allows us to recover the basic quantum formulations including the uncertainty relation and the Schrödinger equation in the position representation. In the momentum representation, the same method can be applied to obtain the Schrödinger equation for a free particle while further investigation is still needed for a particle with an external potential. Furthermore, the principle brings in new results on two fronts. At the conceptual level, we find that the information metrics for vacuum fluctuations are responsible for the origin of the Bohm quantum potential. Even though the Bohm potential for a bipartite system is inseparable, the underlying vacuum fluctuations are local. Thus, inseparability of the Bohm potential does not justify a non-local causal relation between the two subsystems. At the mathematical level, quantifying the information metrics for vacuum fluctuations using more general definitions of relative entropy results in a generalized Schrödinger equation that depends on the order of relative entropy. The extended least action principle is a new mathematical tool. It can be applied to derive other quantum formalisms such as quantum scalar field theory.
GraphTango: A Hybrid Representation Format for Efficient Streaming Graph Updates and Analysis
Authors: Ahmed Alif , Siddique Farzana Ahmed , Skadron Kevin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStreaming graph processing performs batched updates and analytics on a time-evolving graph. The underlying representation format of the graph largely determines the throughputs of these updates and analytics phases. Existing representation formats usually employ variations of hash tables or adjacency lists. However, a recent study showed that the adjacency-list-based approaches perform poorly on heavy-tailed graphs, and the hash table-based approaches suffer on short-tailed graphs. We propose GraphTango, a hybrid representation format that provides excellent update and analytics throughput regardless of the graph’s degree distribution. GraphTango dynamically switches among three different formats based on a vertex’s degree: (i) Low-degree vertices store the edges directly with the neighborhood metadata, confining accesses to a single cache line, (2) Medium-degree vertices use adjacency lists, and (3) High-degree vertices use hash tables as well as adjacency lists. In this case, the adjacency list provides fast traversal during the analytics phase, while the hash table provides constant-time lookups during the update phase. We further optimized the performance by designing an open-addressing-based hash table that fully utilizes every fetched cache line. In addition, we developed a thread-local lock-free memory pool that allows fast growing/shrinking of the adjacency lists and hash tables in a multi-threaded environment. We evaluated GraphTango with the help of the SAGA-Bench framework and compared it with four other representation formats: Stinger, Degree-aware Robin Hood Hashing, and two adjacency list-based formats with different workload balancing scheme. On average, GraphTango provides 4.5x higher insertion throughput, 3.2x higher deletion throughput, and 1.1x higher analytics throughput over the next best format. Furthermore, we integrated GraphTango with the state-of-the-art graph processing frameworks DZiG and RisGraph. Compared to the vanilla DZiG and vanilla RisGraph, [GraphTango + DZiG] and [GraphTango + RisGraph] reduces the average batch processing time by 2.3x and 1.5x, respectively.
Application of the tight-binding method onto the Von Neumann equation
Authors: Abdi Alan , Schulz Dirk 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper presents a numerical framework for the analysis of quantum devices based on the Von Neumann (VN) equation, which involves the concept of the Tight-Binding Method (TBM). The model is based on the application of the Tight-Binding Hamiltonian within Quantum Liouville Type Equations and has the advantage that the atomic structure of the materials used is taken into account. Furthermore, the influence of a Complex Absorbing Potential (CAP) as a complementary boundary condition and its essential contribution to the system stability with respect to the eigenvalue spectrum is discussed.
Omitting transesophageal echocardiography before catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Maslova Vera , Demming Thomas , Pantlik Robert , Geczy Tamas , Falk Peter , Remppis Bjoern Andrew , Frank Derk , Lian Evgeny 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Data about necessity of performing transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) prior to every catheter ablation (CA) of atrial fibrillation (AF) is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the safety of an individualized risk-based approach to TOE with respect to thromboembolic cerebrovascular events (CVE) in patients undergoing CA for AF or left atrial tachycardia (AT).

Methods
We performed a retrospective clinical study based on our institutional registry database. Patients undergoing CA for AF or left-sided AT following initial AF ablation at two participating centers were enrolled. Prior to the procedure, patients were scheduled for TOE only if they had a history of thromboembolic stroke, left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus, or inappropriate anticoagulation regimen in the previous 3 to 4 weeks. The incidence of periprocedural cerebrovascular thromboembolic events was assessed.

Results
We analyzed 1155 patients (median age 70 years, 54.8% male, 48.1% had persistent AF/AT). In 261 patients, a TOE was performed; in 2 patients (0.7%), an LAA thrombus was detected, which led to cancellation of the catheter ablation; in 894 patients, the TOE was omitted. Of the 1153 (0.35%) patients who underwent ablation, 4 (0.35%) experienced a CVE (one TIA and three strokes). The rate of CVE in our study does not exceed that reported in most multicenter trials. The low event rates limited statistical analysis of possible risk factors for CVE. In all 4 patients with CVE, post-CVE imaging showed the absence of LAA thrombus.

Conclusions
An individualized selective approach to TOE before catheter ablation of AF or left AT showed a very low risk of overt intraprocedural thromboembolic events for the population in our study. A further randomized controlled study is needed to determine whether TOE prior to catheter ablation without ICE could be omitted in patients with uninterrupted OAC without previous thromboembolic events or a history of left atrial thrombus.