bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexistence ?une leucémie lymphoïde et ?un carcinome.
Authors: DELCOURT R. , VAN VLIET P. 
Published: August 2010

Résumé.Etude biochimique, hématologique et anatomo‐pathologique ?un cas de coexistence de leucémie lymphoïde avec un carcinome, vraisemblablement issu des voies biliaires. On retient particulièrement ľévolution du taux des phosphatases alcalines du sang et de la bilirubinémie, sous la dépendance ?un début ?obstruction des voies biliaires. Les deux affections paraissent évoluer indépendamment ľune de ľautre.
Behandlungresultate bei distaler tubulärer Nephritis mit Anurie‐Oligurie
Authors: Alwall Nils , Tornberg Axel 
Published: August 2010

ZusammenfassungWährend des letzten Jahres vorgeschlagene Massnahmen konservativer Behandlung von Anurie (100 g Glykose intravenös oder 400 g Glykose + 100 g. Erdnussöl durch Magensonde) werden referiert: Die Verminderung des Proteinabbaus und damit der Schnelligkeit, mit der die Urämie eintritt, dürfte einen wertvollen Fortschritt bedeuten. Die Erfahrungen von Anfang an eingesetzter Behandlung scheinen doch gering zu sein. In den referierten Materialen gibt es nur 1 Fall von akuter Glomerulonephritis; der Patient starb.
LA NOTION DE RÉSULTANTE EN VECTOCARDIOGRAPHIE
Authors: Grosgurin J. , Duchosal. P. W. 
Published: August 2010

RÉSUMÉL'expérience acquise en vectocardiographie montre que la notion de vecteur cardiaque résultant constitue une approximation satisfaisante de la réalité; mais exceptionnellement on rencontre des vectogrammes tout à fait discordants à cet égard.Concordances et discordances s'expliquent par les rapports des potentiels qui naissent dans les diverses régions du coeur, et par les rapports des distances de ces diverses régions potentiantes aux point potentiés. Afin de préciser ces notions, ce travail étudie le problème posé par deux dipôles et leur résultante.
FURTHER STUDIES OF MORTALITY AMONG PATIENTS WITH MENTAL DISEASE1
Authors: Malzberg Benjamin 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARYDeath rates among patients with mental disease may be measured in either of two ways. The traditional method consists in relating deaths to the number of patients under treatment. This method disregards the effect of the duration of the disease as measured by period of hospitalization. As the death rate decreases with such duration, the death rate, as so measured, appears to be disproportionately low. The second method of determining the death rate consists in following a large group of first admissions and measuring the rate of mortality after the date of admission. On the average, the first admissions will be younger than the resident patients, and their condition will be acute rather than chronic. These result, in general, in a lower death rate than obtains among resident patients.In either case, patients with mental disease have considerably higher death rates than the general population. In the present paper, which is based upon a follow‐up of first admissions to the New York civil State hospitals, it is shown that the death rate of the patients exceeded that of the general population of New York State in ratios varying from 12.56 to 1 and 14.70 to 1 at the younger ages to 3.28 to 1 at very advanced ages.Death rates vary, however, with the type of mental disorder. First admissions with dementia praecox had a death rate of 20.1, compared with 10.8 for the general population. The death rate of the patients was in excess of the general death rate at all ages, but the disparity decreased rapidly with advancing age. First admissions with psychoses with cerebral arteriosclerosis had an exceedingly high death rate, in consequence of the nature of the disorder. They had a death rate of 387.4 per 1 000 annual exposures. At each age, the death rate was far in excess of the rate for the general population, though the excess declined with advancing age.A necessary consequence of the higher mortality of patients with mental disease is a reduction in their expectation of life. In the absence of more recent studies we may refer to data for patients in the New York civil State hospitals during 1929–1931. During these years male patients had an expectation of 19.17 years at 20 years of age, compared with 46.02 years for the white population of the United States. Among females, the corresponding expectations were 18.06 and 48.52 years, respectively.
SULL'ACCETTAZIONE IN ASSICURAZIONE DI ALCUNE FORME METALUETICHE
Authors: de Beden Riccardo 
Published: August 2010

RIASSUNTOL'autore espone i criteri d'accettazione della paralisi progressiva, della tabe e di altre forme raetaluetiche seguiti dalle Assicurazioni Generali (Trieste) e basati precipuamente su di una sopramortalità cautelativa dedotta da osservazioni cliniche e statistiche.Richiede in proposito il parere dei congressisti e propone, data la relativa esiguità dei casi che si presentano all'assicurazione, una collaborazione fra le varie selezioni per giungere ad una sopramortalità reale basata su statistiche assicurative precise.RESUMEL'Auteur expose les méthodes adoptées par les Assicurazioni Generali (Trieste) pour‐admettre à l'assurance Vie des sujets atteints de paralysie progressive, de tabes dorsales et d'autres formes de métasyphilis, méthodes ayant pour base particulièrement une surmortalité établie à titre de précaution d'après des relèvements cliniques et statistiques.Il demande à ce propos l'opmion des participants au Congrès et, eu égard au nombre exigu de cas de ce genre qui se présentent à l'assurance, il invite les divers Conseils Médicaux à une collaboration visant à obtenir une surmortalité réelle sur la base d'exactes données statistiques d'assurance.
Über die Bestimmung der Kapillarresistenz auf den Schleimhäuten des Menschen
Authors: MAR̂ATKA Z. 
Published: August 2010

Zusammenfassung.Durch Feststellung des kritischen Druoks mit Hilfe der Saugmethode wurde die Kapillarresistenz der Haut und der Wangen‐ und Rektumschleimhaut gemessen.Untersucht wurden 128 Personen: 1) 16 gesunde, 2) 18 Personen mit Blutkrankheiten und hämorrhagischer Diathese, 3) 50 Personen mit ulceröser Kolitis, 4) 29 Personen mit anderen Darmkrankheiten, 5) 15 Personen mit Allgemeiner‐krankungen. Die Ergebnisse dürfen in folgende Punkte zusammengefasst werden:

Ohne Rücksicht auf eine event, klinisch vorliegende Blutungsbereitschaft wurden bei verschiedenen Krankheiten relativ oft niedrige Werte der Haut‐kapillarresistenz (unter 40 cm Hg) festgestellt. Die Ergebnisse der wiederholten Messungen stimmten oft nicht überein.
Im Munde wurde die Herabsetzung nur in zwei Krankheitsgruppen und zwar bei den hämmorrhagischen Diathesen und bei der ulcerösen Kolitis festgestellt. Andere Organ‐ und Allgemeinerkrankungen wiesen mit vereinzelten Ausnahmen hohe Resistentzwerte (über 40 cm Hg) auf.
Im Rektum war die Gefässfragilität bei verschiedenen Lokal‐ und Allgemeinerkrankungen, welche mit Hyperämie der Beckenorgane einhergehen, erniedrigt.
THE TUBULAR REABSORPTION OF CALCIUM IN PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AND IN NON‐PARATHYROID HYPERCALCEMIA1
Authors: Transbøl Ib , Hahnemann Steffen , Hornum Ib 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The tubular reabsorption of calcium, expressed in percentage of the filtered load of calcium (TRCa %), and the phosphate excretion index were examined in 31 hypercalcemic patients to evaluate their relative value in the differential diagnosis of hypercalcemia. The phosphate excretion index proved to be of no value.High TRCa% values were found in primary hyperparathyroidism (15 pat.), in hyperparathyroidism and sarcoidosis (1 pat.) and in hypercalcemia attributed to metabolic alkalosis (2 pat.). The elevated TRCa % values in the last‐named condition are probably explained by a specific effect of the metabolic disturbance on the renal tubule. It is inferred that an increased tubular reabsorption of calcium may contribute to the development and maintenance of the hypercalcemia in the milk‐alkali syndrome.Low TRCa % values were found in poststrumectomy hypoparathyroidism overdosed with vitamin D (3 pat.), ordinary hypercalcemic sarcoidosis (5 pat.), idiopathic intestinal hyperabsorption hypercalcemia (1 pat.), Hodgkin's paragranuloma (1 pat.), myelomatosis (1 pat.) and, surprisingly, in hyperparathyroidism associated with sarcoidosis (1 pat.) and with idiopathic hypercalcuria (1 pat.).It is concluded that TRCa%—with only a few exceptions—reflects the functional state of the parathyroid glands in hypercalcemia, being elevated in the presence of hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone and depressed in non‐parathyroid hypercalcemia, in which functional hypoparathyroidism is assumed to be present.
NECROTIZING VASCULITIS WITHOUT VISCERAL INVOLVEMENT
Authors: Torvik Ansgar , Berntzen Anna E. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The biopsy and postmortem findings are reported in three elderly patients with a widespread necrotizing vasculitis of the small arteries and arterioles of muscles and peripheral nerves and no clear involvement of visceral organs. Most of the affected vessels had a diameter between 50 and 200 μ. Two of the cases also had a temporal arteritis and the third had a vasculitis of the small vessels surrounding the temporal artery. All cases showed fibre loss in the peripheral nerves, probably caused by ischaemic nerve lesions, and widespread denervation atrophy of the muscles. On the whole the nerves and muscles of the legs were most severely affected.All cases had attacks of fever, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and increased globulin fractions in the serum, and all cases appeared to improve to some extent on steroid treatment. The clinical picture had features in common with temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica. It is emphasized that elderly patients with such symptoms may develop signs of neuropathy during the course of the disease, which is due to a vasculitis of small vessels. This vasculitis may remain localized to muscles and peripheral nerves.
TISSUE AND PLASMA CORTISOL IN MAN UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS
Authors: Hvidberg Eigill , Schou Jens , Jansen Jens Aas , Clausen Jens E. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract A recently developed micro‐method for determination of cortisol in punch biopsy skin samples was applied to 158 patients with various diseases and drug treatments. Measurements of the total plasma concentration of cortisol were made simultaneously. The results seemed to reflect the actual cortisol content in the skin fairly accurately, but considerable individual variations were present.Prominent findings were the following: Treatment with oestrogen (as oral contraceptives) increased the plasma cortisol 21/2 fold with no concomitant change in the tissue concentration of cortisol. Women in the years around the menopausal age were frequently found to have a low tissue cortisol concentration with a normal plasma cortisol. Patients with connective tissue diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, showed a non‐significant elevation of the tissue cortisol, but when such patients were treated with indomethacin the concentration of tissue cortisol fell significantly. In approximately 10% of all the patients, the tissue plasma ratio exceeded one. Three of these cases were treated with chloroquine. A moderate degree of positive correlation between plasma and tissue cortisol could only be demonstrated if factors believed to influence the distribution pattern of cortisol were avoided. On the basis of these observations it is suggested that other mechanisms, in addition to a shift in the proportion of cortisol binding to plasma proteins, affect the cortisol distribution in the body. Protein binding within the tissue is discussed as a possibility.
ORAL TREATMENT OF PERNICIOUS ANEMIA WITH HIGH DOSES OF VITAMIN B12 WITHOUT INTRINSIC FACTOR
Authors: Berlin Hans , Berlin Ragnar , Brante Gunnar 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The concluded results of an experimental study are reported, confirming that the absorption of vitamin B12 takes place in two ways: 1. through the mediation of intrinsic factor; 2. without mediation of intrinsic factor.The former mechanism allows a B12 absorption in normally IF‐sensitive cases of pernicious anemia and in normal persons with an upper limit of about 2 μg. The latter mechanism allows an absorption of vitamin B12 which is roughly proportional to the oral dose administered, and amounts to about 1.2% of the dose, within a very wide dose range. Thus, it is possible to increase the uptake to any desired level. This direct uptake was found to be of the same magnitude, irrespective of whether the patient had a normal absorption, was suffering from pernicious anemia with or without resistance to intrinsic factor preparations, or had some other form of disturbed B12 absorption (idiopathic malabsorption, postoperative state after extensive gastric or intestinal resections, or ileitis). The result of a long‐term clinical trial is also reported, in which a daily oral dose of 500–1000 μg of vitamin B12 without intrinsic factor was given to patients with pernicious anemia and other types of vitamin B12 deficiency. The material comprised 64 patients followed for up to more than 5 years. After the remission period very few serum B12 determinations showed borderline or subnormal values, and low levels were never of long duration. At the conclusion of the study the serum B12 values were well within the normal range in all cases. Also the individual mean values of the B12 determinations, made during the observation period from the second month of treatment, were normal in all cases. No neurological complications were observed. The blood values were normal in all but a few cases, in which concurrent diseases were present (malignancy, chronic infections, iron deficiency states). Experimental evidence obtained indicates that oral treatment with 500 μg of B12 daily has also resulted in replenishment of the B12 depots. The treatment with high oral doses of vitamin B12 thus constitutes a convenient and completely reliable maintenance therapy in pernicious anemia and other states of B12 deficiency, and is a fully acceptable alternative to the conventional method of vitamin B12 injections. This type of therapy (1000 μg B12 daily) was introduced into Sweden in 1964 and is now extensively used.
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
Authors: Åberg Hans 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The hospital records of 463 patients with atrial fibrillation occurring over a 10‐year period at the Philadelphia General Hospital have been reviewed. The different etiologic factors have been determined, as well as some sexual and racial proportions. Criteria of the different groupings are explained, and some associated ECG‐findings reported.Arteriosclerotic and hypertensive heart diseases are responsible for atrial fibrillation in this study in almost 65% of the cases.The incidence of embolic episodes in the different etiologic groups is also compared. For the entire series the percentage was 17.9.
THE EFFECTS OF SOME OVULATION INHIBITORS ON THE DIFFERENT PLASMA LIPID FRACTIONS
Authors: Brody Sam , Kerstell Jüri , Nilsson Lennart , Svanborg Alvar 
Published: August 2010

Abstract A comparison has been made of the effects of three different combined oral contraceptives (Ovulen, Anovlar, and Volidan) on the plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and total and individual phospholipids. The results indicate a difference in action between Anovlar on the one hand and of Ovulen and Volidan on the other.In three oophorectomized women the effects of one of the estrogenic and two of the progestogenic components of the combined preparations were studied separately. The drugs were given singly or in combinations and it was found that the two progestogens produced different effects as judged from the parameters studied. Norethisterone acetate influenced the plasma lipids in a direction opposite to that induced by the estrogen.These findings suggest that the overall effects on the plasma lipids induced by the various combined oral contraceptives reflect the competitional effects of the estrogenic and progestogenic components.
COUNTING OF CELLS IN URINE
Authors: Gadeholt Hermod 
Published: August 2010

Abstract Counting of blood cells in urine is most accurately performed by means of a haemocytometer. The errors of the method are related to technique, observer inaccuracy and uneven distribution of cells in the haemocytometer.Leucocytes and non‐squamous epithelial cells in urine, when present in small numbers, have been shown to be distributed in the haemocytometer approximately according to a Poisson distribution. When leucocytes are present in large numbers “mucus” and clumping of cells may interfere with the random distribution.In quantitative estimation of cells in urine the common practice is to count the cells on a certain number of squares and to express the results as the number of cells per unit volume of urine (mm3, ml), or by the excretion rate (number of cells excreted per minute, hour, 12 or 24 hours). The standard error of this estimate, expressed by the confidence interval, must be based on the number of cells counted, and not on this number multiplied by a factor.It is assumed that the simplest and most convenient method of quantitative estimation of cells in urine is to count the cells in 1 mm3 of uncentrifuged urine. When the number of cells per unit volume is low, the confidence limits for the true number of cells per volume urine in a Poisson distribution may be obtained from statistical tables. When the number of cells is larger than about 40 per mm3, an estimate of the standard error of the count of a single sample cannot be obtained, since the distribution may not be random. In routine work information of sufficient accuracy may be achieved by examination of a convenient volume containing 50–100 cells, the number of cells per mm3 being calculated on the basis of this count.
PERSISTENCE OF BLOOD CELLS IN URINE
Authors: Gadeholt Hermod 
Published: August 2010

Abstract In clinical work the stability of blood cells in urine is a point of practical importance. Provided bacterial contamination can be avoided, erythrocytes and leucocytes are well preserved in acidic urine of a specific gravity higher than 1.008‐1.011 for at least 24 hours. Whether sterile specimens are kept at room temperature, in a refrigerator, or at 37°C seems unimportant.In alkaline urines, the degree of lysis increases with increasing alkalinity and the duration of time of exposure. Leucocytes are especially susceptible to cytolysis in alkaline environments.If bacterial contamination is present, unreliable results are obtained.A comparative study of the number of erythrocytes and leucocytes excreted in overnight specimens and in specimens collected during 2 hours in the morning, estimated per mm3, and expressed as excretion rates, revealed differences which can probably be accounted for mainly by the random variability of haemocytometer counts.
LATENCY TIME, MAXIMAL AMPLITUDE AND ELECTROMYOGRAPHY IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Gregersen G. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The results are given of a study of three motor components in a selected material of young and elderly diabetics and a control group: 1. the latency time ankle‐extensor dig. brevis muscle by stimulation of the peroneal nerve; 2. electromyographic findings in the extensor dig. brevis muscle; and 3. the maximal amplitude of the extensor dig. brevis muscle and the anterior tibial muscle by stimulation of the peroneal nerve.Signs were found of a rapidly appearing motor neuropathy (most pronounced in the younger age group in which the beginning of the diabetes is well defined) together with a further degeneration with increasing duration of the diabetes. It was impossible to demonstrate any connection with the metabolic control.The development pattern demonstrated corresponds to that shown in a previous study in which the motor conduction velocity was used as parameter for the motor function.Some of the results obtained suggest that the nerves of the younger diabetics have a greater ability to regenerate than those of the older patients.
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE IN MIDDLE‐AGED ADULTS
Authors: Rokseth Rolf 
Published: August 2010

Abstract A clinical and haemodynamic survey is given of 112 patients above the age of 40 years with congenital heart diseases studied at a Cardiological Centre in Norway from 1960 to 1965. Atrial septal defect was found in 61, ventricular septal defect in nine, patent ductus arteriosus in 16, pulmonic stenosis in 14, coarctation of the aorta in 11 and Ebstein's anomaly of triscuspid valves in one patient. The sex distribution was on the whole similar to that of younger groups.The above diagnoses should be kept in mind when dealing with middle‐aged heart patients. Twenty subjects had been previously treated under erroneous diagnoses, notably rheumatic, pulmonary or coronary heart diseases. The reasons were most often the finding of an apical diastolic murmur in patients with left‐to‐right shunt, a history of typical angina pectoris which occurred in 11 patients, or the presence of atrial fibrillation which altered the auscultatory signs, e.g. in atrial septal defect.Even if routine health control had led to the diagnosis in many cases there was a high incidence of troublesome symptoms, pulmonary hypertension and other complications. A comparison of younger and older adults showed a definite worsening of symptoms and complications in the latter group.Surgical treatment was carried out in 73 patients, 25 of whom had arrhythmia or failure before the operation. Six died in the postoperative period, but most patients showed definite improvement.
THE FATTY ACID COMPOSITION IN SERUM OF NORWEGIAN VEGETARIANS
Authors: Kirkeby K. , Bjerkedal Inger 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The fatty acid composition of cholesterol esters, triglycerides, and phospholipids was determined in healthy vegetarian and non‐vegetarian men 40 to 70 years of age.Statistically significant differences were demonstrated, with high linoleic and low oleic and palmitoleic acid percentages in the vegetarian group in all lipid fractions. Differences in palmitic and stearic acid were less consistent, but tended to follow those in oleic and palmitoleic acid. The differences were more marked in the cholesterol esters and the triglycerides than they were in the phospholipid fraction. No differences in arachidonic acid values were observed.A dietary survey performed in the vegetarian group 6 to 12 months prior to the study revealed high intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It is concluded that the study of fatty acid composition in serum lipids has given an indirect confirmation of the findings regarding fat intake in the dietary survey. In the vegetarian group statistically significant coefficients of correlation were demonstrated between the dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids in per cent of calories and the percentages of linoleic acid in the cholesterol esters and triglycerides of serum.When absolute values rather than percentage composition were considered, it was evident that the main differences between the two groups were those of higher concentrations of some monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids in the control group, while the concentration of linoleic acid appeared similar in the two groups. The combined effect of polyunsaturated fatty acid intake on the fatty acid composition and on the serum lipid levels offers a reasonable explanation for this finding.
INTRACARDIAC PHONOCARDIOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SMALL PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS WITH ATYPICAL MURMUR
Authors: Wennevold Alf 
Published: August 2010

Abstract The diagnosis of a small patent ductus arteriosus with minimal left‐to‐right shunt is made when the continuous murmur is recorded in the pulmonary artery by intracardiac phonocardiography during a simple right heart catheterization.The diagnosis was established in one patient, in whom the patent ductus was the only lesion, and in four patients with additional defects. In none of the patients was the typical continuous murmur present at external auscultation; two of the patients had only a systolic external murmur.