bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D deficiency and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes: Big data insights
Authors: Shan Rujie , Zhang Qi , Ding Yusen , Zhang Lei , Dong Yanhu , Gao Weiguo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency and its association with inflammatory markers and type 2 diabetes. We conducted our research at Qingdao Endocrine and Diabetes Hospital, where serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were determined for 2,806 individuals with type 2 diabetes aged 30 and older between January 2018 and December 2019. Medical records were analyzed, and data on health, blood lipids, HbA1c, and inflammation were collected. Our results revealed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the population. Among male and female patients, median serum 25(OH)D3 levels were 22.46 and 19.00 ng/mL, respectively. More than 60% of female patients had vitamin D deficiency, with over 80% having levels below 30 ng/mL. We observed a favorable connection between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 25(OH)D3, while triglycerides and HbA1c showed negative correlations. As 25(OH)D3 levels increased, inflammatory markers such as hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and monocyte count decreased (trend test, p < 0.05), although peripheral blood lymphocytes initially increased and then decreased. After controlling for age and gender, multiple linear regression analysis indicated negative correlations between ESR, hsCRP, and white blood cell count with 25(OH)D3 (p < 0.05). In conclusion, our study demonstrates that individuals with type 2 diabetes often exhibit vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, which is associated with elevated levels of inflammatory markers in the blood.
Structure, function, and recombinant production of EGFL7
Authors: McDonald Brennan , Schmidt Mirko H. H. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The secreted factor Epidermal growth factor-like protein 7 (EGFL7) is involved in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, as well as neurogenesis. Importantly, EGFL7 is also implicated in various pathological conditions, including tumor angiogenesis in human cancers. Thus, understanding the mechanisms through which EGFL7 regulates and promotes blood vessel formation is of clear practical importance. One principle means by which EGFL7’s function is investigated is via the expression and purification of the recombinant protein. This mini-review describes three methods used to produce recombinant EGFL7 protein. First, a brief overview of EGFL7’s genetics, structure, and function is provided. This is followed by an examination of the advantages and disadvantages of three common expression systems used in the production of recombinant EGFL7; (i) Escherichia coli (E. coli), (ii) human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells or other mammalian cells, and (iii) a baculovirus-based Sf9 insect cell expression system. Based on the available evidence, we conclude that the baculovirus-based Sf9 insect cell expression currently has the advantages of producing active recombinant EGFL7 in the native conformation with the presence of acceptable posttranslational modifications, while providing sufficient yield and stability for experimental purposes.
Doing History at the Edge of the Map: The “Digital Thrace” Research Project
Authors: Palikidis Angelos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
“Digital Thrace: Mapping the History and Culture to Enhance the Tourist Economy” is a three-year (2021–2023) research project conducted by the Democritus University of Thrace. “Thrace,” a geographical rather than a regional or political designation, is divided into three nation-states (Greece, Bulgaria, and Turkey). Despite historical nationalist conflicts and ethnic stereotypes, Thrace maintains its multicultural character. This article shows that the Digital Thrace Project not only generates research but also transforms it into knowledge and cultural experiences for visitors. It bridges the gap between academic historiography and cultural studies on one side and the public space on the other. This multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary project employs cutting-edge technologies to provide two main components to its users: a digital platform primarily aimed at researchers and educators, and a digital tour application for the general public. Special attention is devoted to the project’s pedagogical section. Based on the principles and methodologies of intercultural and democratic education, over 30 educational projects have been designed for primary and secondary school classes. These projects aim to engage students in exploring not only the history and culture of their own communities but also those of the others.
Certain radii problems for 𝓢∗(ψ) and special functions
Authors: Gangania Kamaljeet , Kumar S. Sivaprasad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In Geometric function theory, the Ma-Minda class of starlike functions has a unique place as it unifies various subclasses of starlike functions. There has been an vivid interplay between special functions and their geometric properties, like starlikeness. In this article, we establish certain special function’s radius of Ma-Minda starlikness. As an application, we obtain conditions on parameters for these special functions to be in the Ma-Minda class. Further, we focus on certain convolution properties for the Ma-Minda class that are not done so far, and study their applications in radius problem. Finally, we prove a variational problem of Goluzin, namely, the region of variability for the Ma-Minda class. Our results simplify and generalize the already-known ones.
Biological potentials of Landolphia owariensis leaf methanolic extract against pathogenic fungi isolates from different Dioscorea species
Authors: Okechukwu Olaitan C. , Adesanya Enitan O. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Regarding economic significance, the Dioscoreaceae family, which includes the well-known Dioscorea (yam) species, is the fourth most important tuber crop globally. A basic meal found all across the world, yams encourage and ensure the food security of households. Although they are challenging to preserve and store however a post-harvest deterioration control must be developed. Over the years, Nigerian farmers have employed medicinal herbs to manage post-harvest pest invasion; nevertheless, the scientific basis for this fungal management has not yet been well documented. As a result, Landolphia owarensis leaf extract was used as a biological control, and fungi were isolated from Dioscorea cayenensis, Dioscorea alata, and Discorea rotundata. Samples of yam tubers – both rotten and healthy – were procured in the markets and brought to the lab for fungus isolation and identification. Leaves of Landolphia oweriensis were collected, air-dried, milled, and macerated in pure methanol for 72 h, extracted and concentrated with a rotary evaporator. The agar-well diffusion method was used for the biological control assay against the fungal isolates. The biological control results were presented as mean ± SD (standard deviation) while analysis of variance (Anova) was used to deduce least significant difference (LSD). A total number of 605 fungi isolates were observed in which D. cayenensis had the highest, 50.58 %, D. alata and Discorea rotundata 24.71 % respectively. Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus were found in the three species while Aspergillus flavus, Rhizopus stolonifer, Collentotricum spp. and Penicillium spp. in either of the species. L. owarensis methanolic leaves extracts possesses biological potentials against Colletotrium spp., A. fumigatus, A. niger and A. flavus only. The problem of postharvest fungal invasion of Dioscorea species can be solved with the inhibition observed with L. owarensis methanolic leaves extracts as a biological control measure thereby sustaining food security in the world.
Enhanced properties of Nafion nanofibrous proton exchange membranes by altering the electrospinning solvents
Authors: Li Shufeng , Gu Ruxin , Luo Ru , Cheng Xinyao , Li Xuelin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nanofibrous proton exchange membranes (PEMs) play an important role in improving the performance of the fuel cells. In this paper, two kinds of Nafion nanofibrous PEMs, Nafion-E/W and Nafion-DMF, were fabricated respectively by using ethanol/water (E/W) and N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent and their properties, such as the morphologies, water uptake, area swelling, ion exchange capabilities, conductivities, and mechanical properties were examined. Nafion-E/W nanofibers showed a thick diameter of 6,089 nm and Nafion-DMF nanofibers a thin diameter of 410 nm. Then the two Nafion nanofibers were annealed to provide the PEMs. Compared with Nafion 117 membranes and Nafion-DMF PEMs, Nafion-E/W PEMs showed the greatest water uptake and area swelling of respectively 59.75 % and 30.31 % and the conductivity increased to 0.1405 S/cm, more than twice as much as Nafion 117 membranes, but the broken stress decreased to 5.49 MPa, nearly half of Nafion 117 membranes. Nafion-DMF PEMs showed the lowest water uptake, area swelling, and conductivity of 22.67 %, 10.75 %, and 0.0410 S/cm, and the broken stress reached 14.20 MPa, greater than 11.0 MPa of Nafion 117 membranes. The obtained experimental results are instructive to improve the properties of Nafion PEMs.
Task-based EEG and fMRI paradigms in a multimodal clinical diagnostic framework for disorders of consciousness
Authors: Lo Chris Chun Hei , Woo Peter Yat Ming , Cheung Vincent C. K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Disorders of consciousness (DoC) are generally diagnosed by clinical assessment, which is a predominantly motor-driven process and accounts for up to 40 % of non-communication being misdiagnosed as unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) (previously known as prolonged/persistent vegetative state). Given the consequences of misdiagnosis, a more reliable and objective multimodal protocol to diagnosing DoC is needed, but has not been produced due to concerns regarding their interpretation and reliability. Of the techniques commonly used to detect consciousness in DoC, task-based paradigms (active paradigms) produce the most unequivocal result when findings are positive. It is well-established that command following (CF) reliably reflects preserved consciousness. Task-based electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can detect motor-independent CF and reveal preserved covert consciousness in up to 14 % of UWS patients. Accordingly, to improve the diagnostic accuracy of DoC, we propose a practical multimodal clinical decision framework centered on task-based EEG and fMRI, and complemented by measures like transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS-EEG).
Performance of Phenotype Algorithms for the Identification of Opioid-Exposed Infants
Authors: Wiese Andrew D. , Phillippi Julia C. , Muhar Alexandra , Polic Aleksandra , Liu Ge , Loch Sarah F. , Ong Henry H. , Su Wu-Chen , Leech Ashley A. , Reese Thomas , Wei Wei-Qi , Patrick Stephen W. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
Observational studies examining outcomes among opioid-exposed infants are limited by phenotype algorithms that may under identify opioid-exposed infants without neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS). We developed and validated the performance of different phenotype algorithms to identify opioid-exposed infants using electronic health record data.

METHODS
We developed phenotype algorithms for the identification of opioid-exposed infants among a population of birthing person-infant dyads from an academic health care system (2010–2022). We derived phenotype algorithms from combinations of 6 unique indicators of in utero opioid exposure, including those from the infant record (NOWS or opioid-exposure diagnosis, positive toxicology) and birthing person record (opioid use disorder diagnosis, opioid drug exposure record, opioid listed on medication reconciliation, positive toxicology). We determined the positive predictive value (PPV) and 95% confidence interval for each phenotype algorithm using medical record review as the gold standard.

RESULTS
Among 41 047 dyads meeting exclusion criteria, we identified 1558 infants (3.80%) with evidence of at least 1 indicator for opioid exposure and 32 (0.08%) meeting all 6 indicators of the phenotype algorithm. Among the sample of dyads randomly selected for review (n = 600), the PPV for the phenotype requiring only a single indicator was 95.4% (confidence interval: 93.3–96.8) with varying PPVs for the other phenotype algorithms derived from a combination of infant and birthing person indicators (PPV range: 95.4–100.0).

CONCLUSIONS
Opioid-exposed infants can be accurately identified using electronic health record data. Our publicly available phenotype algorithms can be used to conduct research examining outcomes among opioid-exposed infants with and without NOWS.
The Clinical Definition of Children With Medical Complexity: A Modified Delphi Study
Authors: Millar Kyle , Rodd Celia , Rempel Gina , Cohen Eyal , Sibley Kathryn M. , Garland Allan 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Children with medical complexity (CMC) comprise a subgroup of children with severe chronic diseases. A conceptual definition for CMC has been formulated, but there is no agreement on criteria to fulfill each of the 4 proposed domains: diagnostic conditions, functional limitations, health care use, and family-identified needs. Our objective with this study was to identify a standardized definition of CMC.

METHODS
Through a scoping review of the CMC literature, we identified potential criteria to fulfill each domain. These were incorporated into an electronic survey that was completed by a geographic and professionally varied panel of 81 American and Canadian respondents with expertise in managing CMC (response rate 70%) as part of a 4-iteration Delphi procedure. Respondents were asked to vote for the inclusion of each criterion in the definition, and for those with quantitative components (eg, hospitalization rates), to generate a consensus threshold value for meeting that criterion. The final criteria were analyzed by a committee and collapsed when situations of redundancy arose.

RESULTS
Of 1411 studies considered, 132 informed 55 criteria for the initial survey, which was presented to 81 respondents. Consensus for inclusion was reached on 48 criteria and for exclusion on 1 criterion. The committee collapsed those 48 criteria into 39 final criteria, 1 for diagnostic conditions, 2 for functional limitations, 13 for health care use, and 23 for family needs.

CONCLUSIONS
These results represent the first consensus-based, standardized definition of CMC. Standardized identification is needed to advance understanding of their epidemiology and outcomes, as well as to rigorously study treatment strategies and care models.
The BC Radon Data Repository (BCRDR) and BC Radon Map: Integrating disparate data sources for improved public health communication
Authors: Trieu Jeffrey , Young Cheryl , Nguyen Phuong D. M. , Nicol Anne-Marie , Henderson Sarah B. , McVea David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Setting
The potential for exposure to indoor radon varies dramatically across British Columbia (BC) due to varied geology. Individuals may struggle to understand their exposure risk and agencies may struggle to understand the value of population-level programs and policies to mitigate risk.

Intervention
The BC Centre for Disease Control (BCCDC) established the BC Radon Data Repository (BCRDR) to facilitate radon research, public awareness, and action in the province. The BCRDR aggregates indoor radon measurements collected by government agencies, industry professionals and organizations, and research and advocacy groups. Participation was formalized with a data sharing agreement, which outlines how the BCCDC anonymizes and manages the shared data integrated into the BCRDR.

Outcomes
The BCRDR currently holds 38,733 measurements from 18 data contributors. The repository continues to grow with new measurements from existing contributors and the addition of new contributors. A prominent use of the BCRDR was to create the online, interactive BC Radon Map, which includes regional concentration summaries, risk interpretation messaging, and health promotion information. Anonymized BCRDR data are also available for external release upon request.

Implications
The BCCDC leverages existing radon measurement programs to create a large and integrated database with wide geographic coverage. The development and application of the BCRDR informs public health research and action beyond the BCCDC, and the repository can serve as a model for other regional or national initiatives.
Mortality Risk of Low BMI in Life Insurance Applicants
Authors: Rigatti Steven J. , Stout Robert 
Published: May 2024

Objectives.—This study seeks to quantify the mortality effect of low levels of body mass index (BMI) on life insurance applicants who, based on their laboratory profile and other information, appear to be suitable for life insurance coverage.
Background.—It has been demonstrated that low BMI is associated with higher mortality risk than normal or near-normal BMI.
Methods.—Data were collected from over 4.7 million life insurance applicants with available BMI tested between 1995 and 2021, and vital status was assessed via the Social Security Death Master File. Cox models treating BMI as continuous and as a categorical variable were constructed, controlling for age, and split by sex after excluding those with laboratory or biometric test results, which were far enough outside the normal range to imply elevated mortality.
Results.—Models treating BMI as a continuous variable and allowing an interaction term for age showed that low BMI was strongly associated with mortality at ages 50 and above in both sexes. In the categorical models, only the lowest category of BMI (below the 1st percentile) in men aged 40-60, the lowest 2 categories (below the 5th percentile) in women aged 40-60, and the lowest 3 categories (below the 10th percentile) in those aged 60-80 years, were significantly associated with elevated mortality. No elevated mortality was detected in those under age 40 with low BMI.
Conclusion.—Based on this study, low BMI is associated with elevated mortality in otherwise healthy applicants, but this association is dependent on age.
Automated Detection of Volcanic Seismicity Using Network Covariance and Image Processing
Authors: Maher Sean P. , Dawson Phillip B. , Hotovec-Ellis Alicia J. , Thelen Weston A. , Matoza Robin S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Seismicity at restless volcanoes commonly features a variety of signal types reflecting both volcanotectonic and fluid-driven source processes. However, traditional catalogs of seismicity are often incomplete, especially concerning events with emergent onsets such as those driven by the dynamics of magmatic and hydrothermal fluids. The detection of all discrete events and continuous seismic tremors, regardless of the underlying source processes, would therefore improve the ability of monitoring agencies to forecast eruptions and mitigate their associated hazards. We present a workflow for generalized detection of seismic events based on the network covariance matrix (Seydoux et al., 2016). Our contributions enable the method to simultaneously detect continuous and short-duration (&lt;∼10 s) events, provide information about the frequency content of the signals, and to refine the initial detection times by an order of magnitude (from window lengths of 75 to 7.5 s). We test the workflow on a 15-month record of seismicity with 23 stations at Mammoth Mountain, California (July 2012–October 2013) and detect 62% of long-period events and 94% of volcanotectonic events in the existing Northern California Earthquake Data Center catalog. In addition, ∼3000 events are not included in the catalog, and thousands of tremor signals are found. The method is suitable for near-real-time analysis of continuous waveforms and can provide a valuable supplement to existing algorithms to improve the completeness of catalogs used for monitoring volcanoes.
Clinical and biochemical profile among children admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis and their correlation in prognosis of children admitted in pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Choudhary Payal , Asif M. , Goyal Suresh 
Published: May 2024

Background: The present study aimed to analyse clinical and biochemical profile among children admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and their correlation in prognosis of children admitted in PICU.
Methods: The prospective study was conducted in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of RNT medical college, Udaipur among 50 DKA children in the age group of (1 month-18 years) for a period of one year after approval of institutional ethics committee. In the study, HbA1c level was measured by automated analyzer method to find out the past 3-month duration of glycemic control. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the correlation between serum osmolality and GCS, serum osmolality and duration of hospital stay, correlation between HbA1c levels and GCS, HbA1c levels and duration of hospital stay.
Result: The most common presenting complaint was respiratory distress (72%) followed by vomiting (54%), polyuria (34%), polydipsia (24%), pain in abdomen (24%), fever (24%) and polyphagia (4%). There was negative correlation between HbA1c and depressed sensorium, i.e. patients with higher HbA1c levels had poor GCS and it was statistically significant. Patients with higher HbA1c levels had longer duration of hospital stay, although this observation was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: The present study concluded that patients presenting with DKA had severe derangement in acid-base parameters. The DKA patients who had higher serum osmolality and poor glycemic control had depressed sensorium at the time of hospital admission and a longer recovery time leading to a prolonged hospital stay, adding to the morbidity associated with the disease.
Mapeando la gestión de la investigación en diseño, artes y arquitectura en Latinoamérica: un concepto en elaboración
Authors: Castaño-Aguirre Carlos Alberto 
Published: May 2024

El presente artículo tiene por objetivo comprender las particularidades de la gestión de la investigación y el conocimiento en las disciplinas de diseño, artes y arquitectura, a partir de una revisión bibliográfica cualitativa de tipo descriptivo a la actividad académica y científica editorial de los últimos 15 años en Latinoamérica, lo que llevó a la selección de 23 publicaciones. En cuanto a los hallazgos en las artes, se plantea que el conocimiento es fundamental para el desarrollo de proyectos artísticos, la preservación del patrimonio cultural, la difusión de obras y el intercambio de ideas. En arquitectura, se logra reconocer que uno de los abordajes más trabajados corresponde a la aplicabilidad de conocimientos en diseño arquitectónico, ingenierías, tecnología y administración a la ejecución de obras de construcción. En diseño, se resalta el interés por fomentar las relaciones entre las universidades para realizar la gestión de este conocimiento en Latinoamérica.