bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contiguous organ resection is safe in patients with retroperitoneal sarcoma: An ACS‐NSQIP analysis
Authors: Tseng Warren H. , Martinez Steve R. , Tamurian Robert M. , Chen Steven L. , Bold Richard J. , Canter Robert J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe practice of aggressive contiguous organ resection (COR) of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS) is controversial. We examined rates of 30‐day morbidity and mortality following resection of RPS utilizing data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS‐NSQIP) database.MethodsFrom 2005 to 2007, we identified 156 cases of primary malignant neoplasm of the retroperitoneum. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using all pre‐operative ACS‐NSQIP variables for likelihood of post‐operative overall morbidity or severe morbidity (composite endpoint including organ space infection, septic shock, acute renal failure requiring dialysis, reoperation, and death). Insufficient events precluded multivariate analysis of mortality as an independent outcome.ResultsOverall 30‐day morbidity, severe morbidity, and mortality were 26% (N = 40), 11.5% (N = 18), and 1.3% (N = 2), respectively. Fifty‐eight patients (37%) underwent COR, most commonly kidney. American Society for Anesthesiologists classification predicted overall morbidity (OR 3.23, 95% CI 1.33–7.84), while increasing operative time predicted severe morbidity (OR 1.38 per hour, 95% CI 1.05–1.81). COR was not associated with increased 30‐day overall morbidity (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.49–3.89) or severe morbidity (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.05–13.18).ConclusionsRates of post‐operative morbidity and mortality are acceptable following RPS resection, even in the setting of multi‐visceral resection. COR should not be viewed as a contraindication to complete RPS resection. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 103:390–394. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Left‐definite problems of regular self‐adjoint differential equations of even order
Authors: Wei Guangsheng , Xu Hong‐Kun 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe left‐definite boundary conditions of the problem consisting of a regular formally self‐adjoint differential equation of even order and a self‐adjoint boundary condition are characterized in terms of a certain fundamental set of solutions of the equation. Based on the left‐definite boundary conditions, all the left‐definite spaces of the problem are described explicitly. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Xenobiotic‐Metabolizing gene polymorphisms and ovarian cancer risk
Authors: Goode Ellen L. , White Kristin L. , Vierkant Robert A. , Phelan Catherine M. , Cunningham Julie M. , Schildkraut Joellen M. , Berchuck Andrew , Larson Melissa C. , Fridley Brooke L. , Olson Janet E. , Webb Penelope M. , Chen Xiaoqing , Beesley Jonathan , Chenevix‐Trench Georgia , Sellers Thomas A. ,   the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, the Australian Ovarian Cancer Study Group,   the Australian Cancer Study (Ovarian Cancer)
Published: December 2010

AbstractBecause selected xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes process pro‐carcinogens that could initiate ovarian carcinogenesis, we hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding xenobiotic‐metabolizing enzymes are associated with risk of ovarian cancer. Cases with invasive epithelial ovarian cancer (N = 1,571 including 956 of serous sub‐type) and controls (N = 2,046) from three studies were genotyped at 11 SNPs in EPHX1, ADH4, ADH1A, NQO2, NAT2, GSTP1, CYP1A1, and NQO1, following an initial SNP screen in a subset of participants. Logistic regression analysis of genotypes obtained via Illumina GoldenGate and Sequenom iPlex technologies revealed the following age‐ and study‐adjusted associations: EPHX1 rs1051740 with increased serous ovarian cancer risk [per‐allele odds ratio (OR) 1.17, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.04–1.32, P = 0.01), ADH4 r1042364 with decreased ovarian cancer risk (OR 0.90, 95% CI: 0.81–1.00, P = 0.05), and NQO1 rs291766 with increased ovarian cancer risk (OR 1.11, 95% CI: 1.00–1.23, P = 0.04). These findings are consistent with prior studies implicating these genes in carcinogenesis and suggest that this collection of variants is worthy of follow‐up in additional studies. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Inhibition of ERK oscillations by ionizing radiation and reactive oxygen species
Authors: Shankaran Harish , Chrisler William B. , Sontag Ryan L. , Weber Thomas J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe shuttling of activated protein kinases between the cytoplasm and nucleus is an essential feature of normal growth factor signaling cascades. Here we demonstrate that transforming growth factor alpha (TGFα) induces oscillations in extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) cytoplasmic‐nuclear translocations in human keratinocytes. TGFα‐dependent ERK oscillations mediated through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are inhibited by low dose X‐irradiation (10 cGy) and low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0.32–3.26 µM H2O2) used as a model reactive oxygen species (ROS). A fluorescent indicator dye (H2‐DCFDA) was used to measure cellular ROS levels following X‐irradiation, 12‐O‐tetradecanoyl phorbol‐13‐acetate (TPA) and H2O2. X‐irradiation did not generate significant ROS production while 0.32 µM H2O2 and TPA induced significant increases in ROS levels with H2O2 > TPA. TPA alone induced transactivation of the EGFR but did not induce ERK oscillations. TPA as a cotreatment did not inhibit TGFα‐stimulated ERK oscillations but qualitatively altered TGFα‐dependent ERK oscillation characteristics (amplitude, time‐period). Collectively, these observations demonstrate that TGFα‐induced ERK oscillations are inhibited by ionizing radiation/ROS and perturbed by epigenetic carcinogen in human keratinocytes. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparisons of medicinal leech therapy with venous catheterization in the treatment of venous congestion of the sural flap
Authors: Mozafari Naser , Ghazisaidi Mohammad Reza , Hosseini Seyed Nejat , Abdolzadeh Madjid 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIntroduction: The originally described distally based sural flap technique has a risk of partial or total flap necrosis as high as 25%. The purpose of this study was to compare the medicinal leech therapy (MLT) with venous catheterization (VC) for blood volume removal, infection, wound dehiscence, and flap necrosis in the distally based sural flap with venous congestion. Patients and methods: Fifty‐six conventional distally based sural flaps with venous congestion during reconstructive surgeries were randomly divided into two groups, MLT group and VC group. The results of comparisons were analyzed using SPSS software (SPSS for Windows Ver.11.5). Results: There were significant differences in terms of the average volume of removed blood (53.6cc vs.172.2cc), infection (10.7% vs. 34.6%), wound dehiscence (10.7% vs. 42.3%), flap necrosis (3.6% vs. 19.2%), and nursing (7.8 vs. 5.19) and patient's satisfaction (8.03 vs. 5.6) in the VC group and MLT group, respectively. Although local heparin irrigation was performed in the VC group, the catheter was exchanged in 10 patients due to obstruction by clot. Conclusion: It is recommended that the VC be used for congested pedicled flaps instead of leech therapy, as VC is more effective, easy, and safe in blood removal, and it has less complication. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
The influence of white matter fibre orientation on MR signal phase and decay
Authors: Denk Christian , Torres Enedino Hernandez , MacKay Alex , Rauscher Alexander 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMRI phase images of the brain exhibit excellent contrast and high signal‐to‐noise ratio. It has been shown recently that the phase contrast not only depends on a tissue's magnetic susceptibility but also on its architecture, which offers new ways of studying biological tissues in vivo. We combined diffusion tensor imaging and multi‐echo susceptibility‐weighted imaging to investigate the relationship between white matter fibre orientation and gradient‐echo phase and magnitude. The local angle between white matter fibres and the main magnetic field was computed from the principal diffusion direction. The phase and signal decay of the gradient‐echo images revealed a characteristic relationship with fibre orientation. The phase is in agreement with a recently reported model of cerebral white matter phase contrast in MRI. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lipid profiling of cancerous and benign gallbladder tissues by 1H NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Jayalakshmi Kamaiah , Sonkar Kanchan , Behari Anu , Kapoor Vinay K. , Sinha Neeraj 
Published: December 2010

AbstractQualitative and quantitative 1H NMR analysis of lipid extracts of gallbladder tissue in chronic cholecystitis (CC, benign) (n = 14), xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC, intermediate) (n = 9) and gallbladder cancer (GBC, malignant) (n = 8) was carried out to understand the mechanisms involved in the transformation of benign gallbladder tissue to intermediate and malignant tissue. The results revealed alterations in various tissue lipid components in gallbladder in CC, XGC and GBC. The difference in the nature of lipid components in benign and malignant disease may aid in the identification of the biological pathways involved in the etiopathogenesis of GBC. This is the first study on lipid profiling of gallbladder tissue by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and has possible implications for the development of future diagnostic approaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Free vibration analysis of thin isotropic and anisotropic rectangular plates by the discrete singular convolution algorithm
Authors: Zhu Qin , Wang Xinwei 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis paper presents the free vibration analysis of thin isotropic and anisotropic rectangular plates with various boundary conditions by using the discrete singular convolution (DSC) algorithm. Based on Taylor's series expansion, a unique scheme is proposed to handle various boundary conditions, including the simply supported (S), clamped (C) and free (F) edge. To validate the proposed method, the non‐dimensional frequency parameters of isotropic, orthotropic and angle‐ply symmetric laminated rectangular plates with various combinations of boundary conditions are obtained by using the DSC algorithm and compared with the analytical and/or numerical solutions. Comparisons reveal that the proposed method can handle the zero bending moment and zero shear force conditions for the isotropic as well as anisotropic plates. The proposed method provides an alternative way for applying the simply supported boundary conditions in applications of the DSC algorithm to plate structures. This investigation extends the application range of the DSC algorithm to vibration analysis of anisotropic plates with various combinations of boundary conditions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Confidence structural robust optimization by non‐linear semidefinite programming‐based single‐level formulation
Authors: Guo Xu , Du Jianming , Gao Xixin 
Published: December 2010

AbstractStructural robust optimization problems are often solved via the so‐called Bi‐level approach. This solution procedure often involves large computational efforts and sometimes its convergence properties are not so good because of the non‐smooth nature of the Bi‐level formulation. Another problem associated with the traditional Bi‐level approach is that the confidence of the robustness of the obtained solutions cannot be fully assured at least theoretically. In the present paper, confidence single‐level non‐linear semidefinite programming (NLSDP) formulations for structural robust optimization problems under stiffness uncertainties are proposed. This is achieved by using some tools such as S‐procedure and quadratic embedding for convex analysis. The resulted NLSDP problems are solved using the modified augmented Lagrange multiplier method which has sound mathematical properties. Numerical examples show that confidence robust optimal solutions can be obtained with the proposed approach effectively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
SPH simulations of flow around a periodic array of cylinders confined in a channel
Authors: Ellero M. , Adams N. A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we present a numerical study on the performance of SPH in the case of a very viscous flow of a Newtonian liquid around a linear array of cylinders confined in a channel. This specific flow problem, being characterized by a complex mixing of both shear and extensional behaviour, allows to quantify systematically the accuracy of the standard SPH in, up to now, rarely considered complex geometries. Global accuracy tests based on the estimation of the dimensionless drag force acting on the cylinder as well as the inspection of the local velocity profiles are considered and compared with reference solutions. In agreement with previous findings, the impact of two numerical parameters, namely the smoothing length h and particle spacing Δx, is discussed and found to be crucial for the overall order of convergence of the method. In particular, accurate results can be obtained which are in very good agreement with standard mesh‐based methods provided that the number of neighbours is chosen properly.The present results, being based on a detailed convergence analysis in a complex flow problem, justify the applicability of the SPH method to more complex wall‐bounded flows upon critical choice of the model parameters and at the same time can serve as a useful benchmark test for further modelling improvement in the field. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The relationship between acculturation and oral contraceptive use among Korean immigrant women
Authors: Lee Jongwon , Jezewski Mary Ann , Wu Yow‐Wu Bill , Carvallo Mauricio 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe explored the relationship between acculturation and beliefs, attitudes, norms, and intention regarding oral contraceptive use among Korean immigrant women using acculturation and the theory of reasoned action (TRA) as the frameworks. A total of 1,494 Korean surname‐based telephone numbers were sampled in New York City. One hundred forty‐five Korean immigrant women completed a telephone survey. The findings support the assumption that acculturation affects intention to use oral contraceptives indirectly only through one or more of the TRA components. Acculturation could function as an antecedent to changes in beliefs, attitudes, norms, and intention in this population. Acculturation assessment tools could provide health professionals insight into how to better approach this population on such culturally sensitive health issues as contraceptive use. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health
Maternal role attainment with medically fragile infants: Part 2. relationship to the quality of parenting
Authors: Holditch‐Davis Diane , Miles Margaret Shandor , Burchinal Margaret R. , Goldman Barbara Davis 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe examined which components of maternal role attainment (identity, presence, competence) influenced quality of parenting for 72 medically fragile infants, controlling for maternal education and infant illness severity. Maternal competence was related to responsiveness. Maternal presence and technology dependence were inversely related to participation. Greater competence and maternal education were associated with better normal caregiving. Presence was negatively related although competence was positively related to illness‐related caregiving. Mothers with lower competence and more technology dependent children perceived their children as more vulnerable and child cues as more difficult to read. Maternal role attainment influenced parenting quality for these infants more than did child illness severity; thus interventions are needed to help mothers develop their maternal role during hospitalization and after discharge. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:35–48, 2011
“Casing” the research case study
Authors: Sandelowski Margarete 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe wide variation in definitions of the research case study can make it difficult for health sciences researchers to see all of the possibilities for this form of inquiry. Case studies are defined here as singular combinations of diverse arrays of methodological approaches directed toward maintaining “empirical intimacy” with the one or more temporally and spatially defined objects researchers construct and target for study. The cases selected for study are made as opposed to found through an iterative and theory‐laden process called “casing.” Case‐ as opposed to variable‐oriented analysis helps researchers maintain “empirical intimacy” with the cases in their case studies. Case studies may be useful in enhancing programs of research in instrument and intervention development. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health
Prediction of spontaneous preterm delivery from endocervical length at 11 to 13 weeks
Authors: Greco Elena , Lange Annabel , Ushakov Fred , Calvo Jesus Rodriguez , Nicolaides Kypros H. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo define the potential value of endocervical length at 11 to 13 weeks' gestation in the prediction of spontaneous early delivery.MethodThe lengths of the endocervix and cervico–isthmic complex were measured by transvaginal ultrasound at 11 to 13 weeks in singleton pregnancies, including 1492 that subsequently delivered after 34 weeks and 16 (1.1%) who had spontaneous delivery before 34 weeks. In 1320 of the cases, the measurements were repeated at 20 to 24 weeks.ResultsThere were significant associations in the length of the endocervix and cervico‐isthmic complex between 11 to 13 and 20 to 24 weeks (r = 0.548, p < 0.0001 and r = 0.194, p < 0.0001), and the respective median lengths were 32.4 and 32.2 mm for the endocervix and 45.3 and 40.4 mm for the cervico–isthmic complex. At 11 to 13 weeks in the early delivery group, compared to unaffected pregnancies, the median endocervical length was shorter (27.5 vs 32.5 mm, p < 0.0001), but there was no significant difference in the length of the cervico–isthmic complex (41.4 vs 45.4 mm, p = 0.054).ConclusionIn the measurement of cervical length, the endocervix should be distinguished from the isthmus. The endocervical length at 11 to 13 weeks is shorter in pregnancies resulting in spontaneous delivery before 34 weeks than in those delivering after 34 weeks. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of transient responses of a plasticating twin screw extruder due to excitation in feed rate
Authors: Iqbal Mohammad H. , Sundararaj Uttandaraman , Shah Sirish L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA corotating plasticating twin screw extruder (TSE) was excited by changing feed rate according to predesigned random binary sequence (RBS) and stair type excitation. A high density polyethylene was used as processing material in this study. Empirical models were developed relating two output variables, melt pressure at die (Pm), and melt temperature at die (Tm), with feed rate (F). Classical linear system identification technique was used to develop models. Models were developed using a data set obtained from RBS excitation. Stair type excitation data were used to validate the developed models. The structure of the obtained models was autoregressive moving average with exogenous input (ARMAX). Models with ARMAX structure and order of 2 were found to be sufficient to capture the dynamic behaviors of Pm and Tm when F was changed. A delay‐gain model was proposed for Pm and was found to capture the response quite satisfactorily. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Study on high‐performance poly(etheretherketone)/Si3N4 nanocomposites: New electronic substrate materials
Authors: Balaji V. , Tiwari A.N. , Goyal R.K. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe morphology, thermal, mechanical, and dielectric properties of high‐performance poly(etheretherketone)/Si3N4 nanocomposites fabricated by hot pressing were investigated. It was found that the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and dissipation factor decreased significantly with increasing Si3N4 content, whereas thermal stability was affected slightly. A nanocomposite with 30 wt% Si3N4 exhibited about 45% and 23% decrease in CTE, below and above Tg, respectively. The glass‐transition temperature (Tg) was increased up to 20°C. Microhardness was improved by 20% at 10 wt% Si3N4 content and thereafter it improved slightly. Modified rule of mixture with β = 0.1 or Halpin–Tsai model with ξ = 4 fits well the microhardness. The dielectric constant and loss factor of the nanocomposites are quite low, and thermal stability is much higher compared with commercial products. Various models were also used to correlate CTE and dielectric constant. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Modeling of chemical kinetics of elastomer/hydroxyl‐ and carboxyl‐functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposites' cross‐linking
Authors: Likozar Blaž 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSeveral kinds of (hydrogenated) nitrile elastomer ((H)NBR) compounds were prepared by melt compounding of rubbers with carbon nanotubes. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that the exfoliation degree of nanotubes was high. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were either neat or modified by hydroxyl or carboxyl groups. Morphology was also characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cure kinetics of (H)NBR and modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes ((m‐)MWCNT/(H)NBR) nanocomposites was studied. It was found that the apparent curing and over‐cure activation energies (EA and EA,1) increased with the increasing amount of (m‐)MWCNT. There was a less obvious change in the apparent orders of curing reactions. The results of n‐th order and autocatalytic kinetic model showed that any studied content of (m‐)MWCNT could increase effective thermal conductivity, but decreased the vulcanization rate of (m‐)MWCNT/(H)NBR nanocomposites. Finally, the effect of (m‐)MWCNT content and functionalization on tensile mechanical properties was presented. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Characterizations of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene nanocomposite films with organomica
Authors: Shin Jieun , Kim Jeong‐Cheol , Chang Jin‐Hae 
Published: December 2010

AbstractUltrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) nanocomposites with various organoclay contents were prepared by using the solution intercalation method. Up to a clay loading of 4 wt%, the clay particles were found to be highly dispersed in the UHMWPE matrix without any agglomeration of particles. However, for a clay content above 6 wt% some agglomerated structures form in the polymer matrix. The melting transition temperatures (Tms) and ultimate strengths of the hybrids increase with increasing clay content; the maximum values of these properties were obtained for the hybrid containing 2 wt% of the organoclay. However, the thermal degradation stability and initial modulus are at their maximum values when the amount of organoclay in the hybrid is 4 wt%. The oxygen permeability, coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and transmittance at 400 nm were found to monotonically decrease with increases in the clay loading in the range 0 to 10 wt%. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers