bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemoinformatic Methods for Predicting Interference in Drug of Abuse/Toxicology Immunoassays
Authors: Krasowski Matthew D , Siam Mohamed G , Iyer Manisha , Pizon Anthony F , Giannoutsos Spiros , Ekins Sean 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Background: Immunoassays used for routine drug of abuse (DOA) and toxicology screening may be limited by cross-reacting compounds able to bind to the antibodies in a manner similar to the target molecule(s). To date, there has been little systematic investigation using computational tools to predict cross-reactive compounds.
Methods: Commonly used molecular similarity methods enabled calculation of structural similarity for a wide range of compounds (prescription and over-the-counter medications, illicit drugs, and clinically significant metabolites) to the target molecules of DOA/toxicology screening assays. We used various molecular descriptors (MDL public keys, functional class fingerprints, and pharmacophore fingerprints) and the Tanimoto similarity coefficient. These data were then compared with cross-reactivity data in the package inserts of immunoassays marketed for in vitro diagnostic use. Previously untested compounds that were predicted to have a high probability of cross-reactivity were tested.
Results: Molecular similarity calculated using MDL public keys and the Tanimoto similarity coefficient showed a strong and statistically significant separation between cross-reactive and non–cross-reactive compounds. This result was validated experimentally by discovery of additional cross-reactive compounds based on computational predictions.
Conclusions: The computational methods employed are amenable toward rapid screening of databases of drugs, metabolites, and endogenous molecules and may be useful for identifying cross-reactive molecules that would be otherwise unsuspected. These methods may also have value in focusing cross-reactivity testing on compounds with high similarity to the target molecule(s) and limiting testing of compounds with low similarity and very low probability of cross-reacting with the assay.
GD3 synthase overexpression enhances proliferation and migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells
Authors: Cazet Aurélie , Groux-Degroote Sophie , Teylaert Béatrice , Kwon Kyung-Min , Lehoux Sylvain , Slomianny Christian , Kim Cheorl-Ho , Le Bourhis Xuefen , Delannoy Philippe 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
The disialoganglioside GD3 is an oncofetal marker of a variety of human tumors including melanoma and neuroblastoma, playing a key role in tumor progression. GD3 and 9-O-acetyl-GD3 are overexpressed in approximately 50% of invasive ductal breast carcinoma, but no relationship has been established between disialoganglioside expression and breast cancer progression. In order to determine the effect of GD3 expression on breast cancer development, we analyzed the biosynthesis of gangliosides in several breast epithelial cell lines including MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, BT-20, T47-D, and MCF10A, by immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and real-time PCR. Our results show that, in comparison to tumors, cultured breast cancer cells express a limited pattern of gangliosides. Disialogangliosides were not detected in any cell line and GM3 was only observed at the cell surface of MDA-MB-231 cells. To evaluate the influence of GD3 in breast cancer cell behavior, we established and characterized MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing GD3 synthase. We show that GD3 synthase expressing cells accumulate GD3, GD2, and GT3 at the cell surface. Moreover, GD3 synthase overexpression bypasses the need of serum for cell growth and increases cell migration. This suggests that GD3 synthase overexpression may contribute to increasing the malignant properties of breast cancer cells.
Evolution of vacuolar targeting in algae
Authors: Becker Burkhard , Hoef-Emden Kerstin 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Sorting of soluble vacuolar proteins destined for vacuoles is facilitated by vacuolar sorting receptors (VSRs). To date, three different types of VSRs have been described, namely the mammalian mannose-6-phosphate receptor, the yeast VPS10p receptor, and a plant-type receptor. We searched completed algal genomes for the presence of the plant-type VSRs and examined their structure and phylogeny. We show that green algae and some chromalveolates contain a plant-type vacuolar receptor that seems to be absent in glaucophytes and rhodophytes. All putative plant-type protistan VSRs examined have a similar protein structure. The results of a phylogenetic analysis suggest that plant-type VSRs may have evolved in the last common ancestor of the Viridiplantae and that chromalveolates obtained this type of VSR by horizontal or endocytotic gene transfer. Gene duplications took place in several viridiplant and chromalveolate lineages. We present hypotheses about the evolution of paralogous plant-type VSRs in chlorophytes and chromalveolates.
Ultrastructure of mitosis and cytokinesis during spermatogenesis inPorphyra yezoensis(Bangiales, Rhodophyta)
Authors: Ueki Chika , Nagasato Chikako , Motomura Taizo , Saga Naotsune 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe studied mitosis and cytokinesis during spermatogenesis in the red algaPorphyra yezoensisUeda using electron microscopy with the cryofixation-freeze-substitution technique and by fluorescence microscopy using tubulin immunofluorescence and SYBR Gold staining. Spermatogenesis occurred along the blade margin with a series of cell divisions. During interphase, two nucleus-associated organelles (NAOs) were located close to the nuclear envelope and had a ring-on-ring morphology. In prophase, the NAOs migrated to the future mitotic poles. The nuclear envelope of prometaphase nuclei became deeply depressed below each NAO, and the two rings of the NAOs appeared to separate until early telophase. The chromosomes became aligned at the equator in metaphase, although individual chromosomes and their kinetochores were not clearly defined. The two rings of the NAO moved next to each other on the nuclear envelope during mid-telophase, and then NAO replication occurred. In late telophase, the pair of NAOs repositioned on the nuclear envelope. Cytokinesis started with furrowing of the plasma membrane.
The relationship between leptin, gonadotropic hormones, and body composition during puberty in a Dutch children cohort
Authors: Rutters F , Nieuwenhuizen A G , Verhoef S P M , Lemmens S G T , Vogels N , Westerterp-Plantenga M S 
Published: March 2009

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between leptin concentrations, gonadotropic hormone concentrations, and body composition during puberty in a Dutch children cohort.DesignIn a cohort of 98 children, we determined anthropometric measurements, body composition, and concentrations of leptin, FSH, and LH.ResultsSex differences were observed from Tanner stage 1 onwards in weight, body fat percentage, and leptin/fat mass ratio. In boys and girls, the relationship between leptin concentrations and FM was weaker at Tanner stage 2 (R2=0.33 andR2=0.39;P<0.001), 3 (R2=0.27 andR2=0.36;P<0.002), and 4 (R2=0.21 andR2=0.28;P<0.03) than at Tanner stage 1 (R2=0.51 andR2=0.67;P<0.001) and 5 (R2=0.46 andR2=0.78;P<0.01). In girls, a peak in leptin concentrations (8.5±6.0 ng/ml) preceded a peak in LH and FSH concentrations (15.1±3.5 and 5.0±4.5 IU/l). A lead/lag relationship was observed of leptin at Tanner stage 1 to LH and FSH at Tanner stage 2 (R2=0.12,P<0.05 andR2=0.18,P<0.05). In boys, there was no peak in leptin, LH, and FSH; additionally, leptin at Tanner stage 3 was related FSH at Tanner stage 4 (R2=0.17,P<0.04).ConclusionIn boys and girls during puberty, factors independent of fat mass become (transiently) more important in the regulation of plasma leptin concentrations. Moreover, in girls, leptin is suggested to act as a permissive factor for the onset of puberty, while, in boys, leptin has a different timing and possibly different function.
Magnesium‐Enriched Hydroxyapatite Versus Autologous Bone in Maxillary Sinus Grafting: Combining Histomorphometry With Osteoblast Gene Expression Profiles Ex Vivo
Authors: Crespi Roberto , Mariani Elisabetta , Benasciutti Elisa , Capparè Paolo , Cenci Simone , Gherlone Enrico 
Published: March 2009

Background: Many biomaterials are proposed for sinus floor lifting and grafting in the posterior maxilla for insufficient bone volume (BV). The aim of this study was to compare the use of magnesium‐enriched hydroxyapatite (mHA) versus autogenous bone graft (AB) for maxillary sinus lift procedures by histomorphometric and ex vivo gene expression profiling.Methods: Fifteen patients requiring bilateral maxillary sinus augmentation received autologous bone particles (group A) and mHA (group B) (split‐mouth design). Five months later, implants were placed, and biopsies were obtained. Bone specimens were analyzed by histomorphometry, BV and vital bone (VB) percentages were calculated, and ex vivo osteoblast expansion followed by highly sensitive osteoblast specific gene expression profiling for cbfa1, osteocalcin, osteopontin, collagen type I, receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) by quantitative real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) were performed. Comparisons were made using the Student t test.Results: After healing with no complications, BV was comparable in the two groups (80.79% ± 14.27% for autologous versus 76.72% ± 11.47% for mHA; P = not statistically significant), but VB was lower in the mHA group (29.65% ± 9.81% versus 78.40% ± 16.72%; P <0.05). Real‐time RT‐PCR analyses showed significantly higher expression of the osteoblast differentiation factor Cbfa1 and the matrix formation marker osteocalcin in the mHA group compared to the AB group, whereas type I collagen was comparable, and osteopontin was decreased. Attesting to a lower osteoclastogenic potential, the RANKL/OPG ratio was diminished.Conclusions: Autogenous bone samples provided higher vital over comparable total bone levels than mHA‐grafted sites. Osteoblast gene expression profiles from mHA grafts revealed higher expression of certain specific markers of osteoblast differentiation and bone formation, associated with a lower osteoclastogenic potential.
Implant Compression Necrosis: Current Understanding and Case Report
Authors: Bashutski Jill D. , D'Silva Nisha J. , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: March 2009

Background: Implants fail for a variety of reasons; it can be difficult to determine the exact cause of failure, especially if there are multiple contributing factors. Overcompression of the adjacent bone during implant placement is a potential contributing factor to implant failure that is not well documented in the literature.Methods: This case report reviews the concept of bone loss induced by overcompression and presents a case of implant failure with overcompression as a potential etiology. Histology, radiographs, and clinical data are presented that document the failure of four implants placed in the posterior mandible of a 48‐year‐old female patient.Results: After uneventful implant placement, one implant exfoliated 3 weeks postoperatively. The other three implants were removed because of severe bone loss up to 2 months later. Histology of the area revealed non‐viable bony sequestra with bacterial colonization.Conclusions: This case highlights unusual implant failures that likely occurred as a result of overcompression of the bone during placement. Areas involving dense bone seem to be at increased risk for compression necrosis.
Planning, Execution and Verification of a Coiled Tubing Gravel Pack Job in the Statfjord Field
Authors: Sehnal Zdenek , Østvang Knut , Hermansson Lasse , Sanders Mike , de Haas Arie-Jan 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
This paper describes the initial planning and pre-job laboratory testing for a gravel pack operation using coiled tubing in the Statfjord Field. The paper also describes the execution of the operations and methods involved.
Potential problems related to the placement of the gravel were identified in pre-job meetings and were verified through a comprehensive test programme. A well specific cased hole completion was modelled using an acrylic gravel pack simulator, and a number of tests were performed to determine the optimum solution for gravel concentration, brine viscosity, viscosifier and slurry placement rate. The tests were utilised as an aid in designing the actual gravel placement operation.
The gravel packing operation was conducted using small batches of slurry consisting of a non-viscosified brine carrier fluid along with a low gravel concentration. Two separate radioactive tracers were injected into the slurry to give better resolution of the gravel pack logs. The operation and completion technique is reviewed and verified by extensive post completion analysis. This includes calculated sand height verified by gravel pack placement logs.
Initial gravel pack productivity is comparable to conventionally gravel packed wells.
Stochastic Controllability of Systems with Multiple Delays in Control
Authors: Klamka Jerzy 
Published: April 2009

Stochastic Controllability of Systems with Multiple Delays in ControlFinite-dimensional stationary dynamic control systems described by linear stochastic ordinary differential state equations with multiple point delays in control are considered. Using the notation, theorems and methods used for deterministic controllability problems for linear dynamic systems with delays in control as well as necessary and sufficient conditions for various kinds of stochastic relative controllability in a given time interval are formulated and proved. It will be proved that, under suitable assumptions, relative controllability of an associated deterministic linear dynamic system is equivalent to stochastic relative exact controllability and stochastic relative approximate controllability of the original linear stochastic dynamic system. As a special case, relative stochastic controllability of dynamic systems with a single point delay is also considered. Some remarks and comments on the existing results for stochastic controllability of linear dynamic systems are also presented.
Dynamic External Force Feedback Loop Control of a Robot Manipulator Using a Neural Compensator—Application to the Trajectory Following in an Unknown Environment
Authors: Ferguene Farid , Toumi Redouane 
Published: April 2009

Dynamic External Force Feedback Loop Control of a Robot Manipulator Using a Neural Compensator—Application to the Trajectory Following in an Unknown EnvironmentForce/position control strategies provide an effective framework to deal with tasks involving interaction with the environment. One of these strategies proposed in the literature is external force feedback loop control. It fully employs the available sensor measurements by operating the control action in a full dimensional space without using selection matrices. The performance of this control strategy is affected by uncertainties in both the robot dynamic model and environment stiffness. The purpose of this paper is to improve controller robustness by applying a neural network technique in order to compensate the effect of uncertainties in the robot model. We show that this control strategy is robust with respect to payload uncertainties, position and environment stiffness, and dry and viscous friction. Simulation results for a three degrees-of-freedom manipulator and various types of environments and trajectories show the effectiveness of the suggested approach compared with classical external force feedback loop structures.
The distribution of green algae species from the Ulva genera (syn. Enteromorpha; Chlorophyta) in Polish inland waters
Authors: Messyasz Beata , Rybak Andrzej 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Marine algae in inland waters in Poland have been rarely recorded. The distribution of 5 species and 1 subspecies of the Ulva genus (syn. Enteromorpha, Chlorophyta) observed in different inland aquatic ecosystems is reported. The algal distribution was established on the basis of the available literature, unpublished material, and oral reports. Information about the algal morphology and habitat conditions, from all of the 58 reported locations of ulvas in Poland, were assimilated and are presented here.
The most widespread species of Ulva in inland waters in Poland was U. intestinalis (syn. Enteromorpha intestinalis) reported at 34 sites, while the rarest species was U. paradoxa (syn. Enteromorpha paradoxa), recorded at 2 sites.
Species of Ulva have been reported at a range of inland aquatic ecosystems, but most commonly in lakes and small water-courses, such as ditches, channels and creeks. Most of the reported sites of penetration of Ulva (Enteromorpha) inland are concentrated in northwestern and central Poland.
Use of the preliminary Jedlice Reservoir for water protection in the Turawa Reservoir on the Mała Panew River
Authors: Wiatkowski Mirosław , Czerniawska-Kusza Izabela 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
Physico-chemical variables of water quality and benthic community structure were assessed in order to evaluate the need for reinstating the use of the preliminary Jedlice Reservoir. The waters of the Mała Panew River carry a significant load of nutrient compounds, particularly nitrates and phosphates. Deteriorating water quality results in permanent algal blooms and changes in the macrofauna structure. It was confirmed that the use of a preliminary reservoir could contribute to the protection of the Turawa Dam Reservoir against pollutants transported by the waters of the Mała Panew River.
Optimised Routines for Monitoring of Treated Late Latent Syphilis Patients
Authors: Ozoliņš Dzintars , Hartmane Ilona , Mikažāns Ingmārs , Paegle Daina , Ančupāne Ināra , Žileviča Aija 
Published: April 2009

Optimised Routines for Monitoring of Treated Late Latent Syphilis Patients
Highly sensitive and specific tests are needed in monitoring of the serological activity and efficacy of treatment of late latent syphilis. In a retrospective study, the data of 52 patients who had received treatment for late latent syphilis were analysed in the Clinical Centre of Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Latvia. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was calculated by Syphilis Immunoblot IgG, Treponema Pallidum Immobilisation Reaction (TPIR) and Syphilis Express Diagnosis (SED). The correlation between Treponema Pallidum Immobilisation Reaction (TPIR) and Syphilis Immunoblot IgG, SED and TPIR results were estimated. Syphilis Immunoblot IgG is useful for latent syphilis diagnostics. The values of the synthetic peptide TmpA, TmpN15 and TmpN47 on the Syphilis Immunoblot IgG strip are useful for monitoring of the treatment of late latent syphilis patients.
Cross-Species Applicability of Microsatellite Markers for Investigation of Sea Ducks (Mergini) Genetic Differentiation
Authors: Sruoga Aniolas , Slavėnaitė Sigita , Butkauskas Dalius , Gražulevičius Gediminas 
Published: April 2009

Cross-Species Applicability of Microsatellite Markers for Investigation of Sea Ducks (Mergini) Genetic Differentiation
Genetic studies of waterfowl have provided insufficient information on the evolutionary history of the sea duck tribe (Mergini, Anseriformes), as highly variable molecular markers have not been identified. Cross-species applicability of microsatellites has been shown for several bird families. Therefore, the objective of our work was to examine whether specific primers used previously for Anatidae, Phasianidae and Laridae taxons could amplify microsatellite loci of sea duck species: Long-tailed duck (Clangula hyemalis), Goosander (Mergus merganser) and Velvet Scoter (Melanitta fusca). Tissue samples were collected and DNA was extracted by rapid salt extraction method. Amplification of DNA fragments was carried out using specific microsatellite primers of APH21, Aalmu1, Sfimu4, Sfimu5 (Anatidae), ADL209, ADL115 (Phasianidae) and K71, RGB28 (Laridae). Four primer pairs (APH21, Aalmu1, K71, and nSfimu4) were suitable for investigation of interspecies genetic variability among Long-tailed duck and Velvet Scoter. Intraspecies specificity has been detected for primer pair ADL 209 in all three duck species. The primer pair APH21 was selected as most promising for investigation of intraspecies variability of Long-tailed duck and Velvet Scoter.
Cerebral hemodynamics as a predictor of stroke in adult patients with moyamoya disease: a prospective observational study
Authors: Zipfel Gregory J. , Sagar James , Miller J. Phillip , Videen Tom O. , Grubb Robert L. , Dacey Ralph G. , Derdeyn Colin P. 
Published: March 2009

Moyamoya disease is an obliterative vasculopathy of the large arteries at the base of the brain. In the US, it most commonly affects women in their 3rd and 4th decades of life, frequently causing ischemic stroke. The natural history of this disorder is not well described. It is very likely that hemodynamic factors play an important role in the risk of future stroke, as has been established in atherosclerotic carotid occlusive disease.
The authors describe an ongoing, prospective observational study designed to test the hypothesis that increased oxygen extraction in the cerebral hemisphere beyond the occlusive lesion is a predictor of subsequent risk of ipsilateral stroke in medically treated patients with moyamoya phenomenon. On enrollment, all patients undergo regional measurements of cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) with PET. Information on baseline clinical, laboratory, epidemiological, and angiographic risk factors are obtained at the time of the PET study. Decisions regarding surgery are made by the treating physicians based on clinical information while being blinded to PET data. Patients undergo follow-up at 6-month intervals to determine the subsequent risk of ipsilateral stroke. All patients will return at 1 and 3 years for repeat PET studies. Secondary, exploratory, aims of this longitudinal and blinded study are to determine other predictive factors for stroke in this population; to determine preliminary estimates of the effects of different medical treatment regimens in this population; to determine the temporal changes in hemodynamic impairment in medically treated patients; to determine the effects of surgery on hemodynamic impairment in the subset of patients who undergo surgical revascularization; and to obtain estimates of surgical complication rates for patients with and without hemodynamic impairment.