bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Brand Commitment on Loyalty to Retail Service Brands
Authors: Fullerton Gordon 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper incorporates the developing body of literature in relationship marketing to the study of brand loyalty. Relationship marketing literature has established that customer commitment is a central, complex construct consisting of at least an affective component and a continuance component. This study examined the extent to which affective and continuance commitment serve as mediators of the brand satisfaction—loyalty intentions relationship. The study found that, in two retail service brand settings, the two components of commitment fully mediate the relationship between brand satisfaction and both repurchase intentions and advocacy intentions. In addition, the study found that affective commitment to the brand was strongly and positively related to both repurchase intentions for the brand and willingness to act as an advocate on behalf of the brand. Continuance commitment was at best only weakly but positively related to repurchase intentions, but negatively related to advocacy intentions for the brand.RésuméLe présent article combine les publications de plus en plus nombreuses relatives au marketing ciblé et l'étude de la fidélité à la marque. Les publications relatives au marketing ciblé ont établi que l'engagement du client est un concept central et complexe qui comprend au moins une composante affective et une composante de continuation. Cette étude examine dans quelle mesure l'engagement affectif et l'engagement de continuation médiatisent la satisfaction par rapport à la marque—rapport d'intentions de fidélité. L'étude révèle que dans deux contextes de service de détail de marque, les deux composantes d'engagement médiatisent complètement le rapport entre la satisfaction par rapport à la marque d'une part, les intentions de rachat et les intentions de promotion d'autre part. Par ailleurs, l'engagement affectif à la marque est fortement et positivement relié aux intentions de rachat de la marque et à la volonté de recommander et de défendre la marque. L'engagement de continuation est au mieux relié uniquement, faiblement mais positivement aux intentions de rachat. Cependant, il est négativement relié aux intentions de recommandation pour la marque.
A Content Analysis of Risk Management Disclosures in Canadian Annual Reports
Authors: Lajili Kaouthar , Zéghal Daniel 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis research paper examines risk information disclosures in Canadian annual reports to provide insights into the current risk disclosure environment, its characteristics, and the analytical usefulness of the information disclosed to the firm's stakeholders. Following a content analysis, the authors describe and then analyze in greater detail the subject matter of risk disclosures of TSE 300 Canadian companies by summarizing and classifying disclosed risk‐related information. Results show a high degree of risk disclosure intensity reflecting both mandatory and voluntary risk management disclosures. However, the analytical power of such disclosures, as captured by the risk assessment analysis, appears to lack uniformity, clarity, and quantification, thus potentially limiting their usefulness. The authors conclude that more formalized and comprehensive risk disclosures might be desirable in the future to effectively reduce information asymmetries between management and stakeholders.RésuméLa présente étude analyse les divulgations d'informations sur le risque dans les rapports annuels canadiens. Elle se propose de jeter une lumière sur l'environnement actuel de divulgation des risques, ses caractéristiques, et l'utilité analytique des informations divulguées pour les acteurs de l'industrie canadienne. Grâce à la méthode de l'analyse du contenu, les auteurs décrivent puis analysent de faĉon plus détaillée le contenu actuel des divulgations d'informations sur le risque des entreprises du TSE 300. Ils y parviennent en synthétisant et en catégorisant les informations divulguées. Les résultats montrent que les divulgations se font à une fréquence assez élevée, consécutive aux divulgations obligatoires et volontaires de gestion des risques. Cependant, vu la manière dont l'analyse d'évaluation des risques divulgue ces informations, leur pouvoir analytique semble manquer d'homogénéité, de clarté, et de quantification, ce qui limite potentiellement leur utilité. Les auteurs concluent qu'à l'avenir, les divulgations de risques gagneraient à être plus formalisées et plus complètes. Ceci permettrait de réduire l'asymétrie des informations entre les gestionnaires des risques et les investisseurs.
Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Mortality in the NHANES III Study (1988–2006)
Authors: Freedman D. Michal , Looker Anne C. , Abnet Christian C. , Linet Martha S. , Graubard Barry I. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Vitamin D has been hypothesized to protect against cancer. We followed 16,819 participants in NHANES III (Third National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey) from 1988 to 2006, expanding on an earlier NHANES III study (1988–2000). Using Cox proportional hazards regression models, we examined risk related to baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] for total cancer mortality, in both sexes, and by racial/ethnic groups, as well as for site-specific cancers. Because serum was collected in the south in cooler months and in the north in warmer months, we examined associations by collection season (“summer/higher latitude” and “winter/lower latitude”). We identified 884 cancer deaths during 225,212 person-years. Overall cancer mortality risks were unrelated to baseline 25(OH)D status in both season/latitude groups, and in non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, and Mexican-Americans. In men, risks were elevated at higher levels {e.g., for ≥100 nmol/L, relative risk (RR) = 1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02–3.35] compared with &lt;37.5 nmol/L}. Although risks were unrelated to 25(OH)D in all women combined, risks significantly decreased with increasing 25(OH)D in the summer/higher latitude group [for ≥100 nmol/L, RR = 0.52 (95% CI, 0.25–1.15) compared with &lt;37.5 nmol/L; Ptrend = 0.03, based on continuous values]. We also observed a suggestion of an inverse association with colorectal cancer mortality (Ptrend = 0.09) and a positive association with lung cancer mortality among males (Ptrend = 0.03). Our results do not support the hypothesis that 25(OH)D is associated with reduced cancer mortality. Although cancer mortality in females was inversely associated with 25(OH)D in the summer/higher latitude group, cancer mortality at some sites was increased among men with higher 25(OH)D. These findings argue for caution before increasing 25(OH)D levels to prevent cancer. Cancer Res; 70(21); 8587–97. ©2010 AACR.
Genetic Risk Profiles Identify Different Molecular Etiologies for Glioma
Authors: Simon Matthias , Hosking Fay J. , Marie Yannick , Gousias Konstantinos , Boisselier Blandine , Carpentier Catherine , Schramm Johannes , Mokhtari Karima , Hoang-Xuan Khe , Idbaih Ahmed , Delattre Jean-Yves , Lathrop Mark , Robertson Lindsay B. , Houlston Richard S. , Sanson Marc 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Purpose: Genome-wide association studies have recently identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in five loci at 5p15.33 (rs2736100, TERT), 8q24.21 (rs4295627, CCDC26), 9p21.3 (rs4977756, CDKN2A/CDKN2B), 20q13.33 (rs6010620, RTEL1), and 11q23.3 (rs498872, PHLDB1) to be associated with glioma risk. Because gliomas are heterogeneous in histology, molecular alterations, and clinical behavior, we have investigated these polymorphisms for potential correlations with tumor histology and patient survival.
Experimental Design: We studied the relationship between SNPs and glioma subtype in two large patient cohorts from France and Germany, totaling 1,577 patients, as well as the relationship between SNP genotype and overall survival.
Results: In both cohorts, the frequencies of rs2736100 and rs6010620 risk genotypes were highly correlated with high-grade disease (P &lt; 0.001), whereas rs4295627 and rs498872 risk genotypes were inversely related to tumor grade (P &lt; 0.001). These data show that genetic variations at these loci have subtype-specific effects on the risk of developing glioma. In contrast, the rs4977756 genotype was not correlated with tumor grade, consistent with the causal variant having a generic influence on glioma development. None of the five SNPs was associated with prognosis independent of tumor grade.
Conclusions: Our findings provide novel insight into etiologic pathways in the different glioma subtypes. Clin Cancer Res; 16(21); 5252–9. ©2010 AACR.
Distinct Neural Systems Involved in Agency and Animacy Detection
Authors: Gobbini Maria Ida , Gentili Claudio , Ricciardi Emiliano , Bellucci Claudia , Salvini Pericle , Laschi Cecilia , Guazzelli Mario , Pietrini Pietro 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
We designed an fMRI experiment comparing perception of human faces and robotic faces producing emotional expressions. The purpose of our experiment was to investigate engagement of different parts of the social brain by viewing these animate and inanimate agents. Both human and robotic face expressions evoked activity in face-responsive regions in the fusiform gyrus and STS and in the putative human mirror neuron system. These results suggest that these areas mediate perception of agency, independently of whether the agents are living or not. By contrast, the human faces evoked stronger activity than did robotic faces in the medial pFC and the anterior temporal cortex—areas associated with the representation of others' mental states (theory of mind), whereas robotic faces evoked stronger activity in areas associated with perception of objects and mechanical movements. Our data demonstrate that the representation of the distinction between animate and inanimate agents involves areas that participate in attribution of mental stance.
Rapid Modulation of Sensory Processing Induced by Stimulus Conflict
Authors: Appelbaum Lawrence G. , Smith David V. , Boehler Carsten N. , Chen Wen D. , Woldorff Marty G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHumans are constantly confronted with environmental stimuli that conflict with task goals and can interfere with successful behavior. Prevailing theories propose the existence of cognitive control mechanisms that can suppress the processing of conflicting input and enhance that of the relevant input. However, the temporal cascade of brain processes invoked in response to conflicting stimuli remains poorly understood. By examining evoked electrical brain responses in a novel, hemifield-specific, visual-flanker task, we demonstrate that task-irrelevant conflicting stimulus input is quickly detected in higher level executive regions while simultaneously inducing rapid, recurrent modulation of sensory processing in the visual cortex. Importantly, however, both of these effects are larger for individuals with greater incongruency-related RT slowing. The combination of neural activation patterns and behavioral interference effects suggest that this initial sensory modulation induced by conflicting stimulus inputs reflects performance-degrading attentional distraction because of their incompatibility rather than any rapid task-enhancing cognitive control mechanisms. The present findings thus provide neural evidence for a model in which attentional distraction is the key initial trigger for the temporal cascade of processes by which the human brain responds to conflicting stimulus input in the environment.
The Relationship of Language and Emotion: N400 Support for an Embodied View of Language Comprehension
Authors: Chwilla Dorothee J. , Virgillito Daniele , Vissers Constance Th. W. M. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
According to embodied theories, the symbols used by language are meaningful because they are grounded in perception, action, and emotion. In contrast, according to abstract symbol theories, meaning arises from the syntactic combination of abstract, amodal symbols. If language is grounded in internal bodily states, then one would predict that emotion affects language. Consistent with this, advocates of embodied theories propose a strong link between emotion and language [Havas, D., Glenberg, A. M., & Rinck, M. Emotion simulation during language comprehension. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 14, 436–441, 2007; Niedenthal, P. M. Embodying emotion. Science, 316, 1002–1005, 2007]. The goal of this study was to test abstract symbol vs. embodied views of language by investigating whether mood affects semantic processing. To this aim, we induced different emotional states (happy vs. sad) by presenting film clips that displayed fragments from a happy movie or a sad movie. The clips were presented before and during blocks of sentences in which the cloze probability of mid-sentence critical words varied (high vs. low). Participants read sentences while ERPs were recorded. The mood induction procedure was successful: Participants watching the happy film clips scored higher on a mood scale than those watching the sad clips. For N400, mood by cloze probability interactions were obtained. The N400 cloze effect was strongly reduced in the sad mood compared with the happy mood condition. Furthermore, a difference in late positivity was only present for the sad mood condition. The mood by semantic processing interaction observed for N400 supports embodied theories of meaning and challenges abstract symbol theories that assume that processing of word meaning reflects a modular process.
“I Could Move Mountains”
Authors: Alexander Gina K. , Innes Kim E. , Brown Cynthia J. , Kulbok Pamela , Bourguignon Cheryl , Bovbjerg Viktor E. , Taylor Ann Gill 
Published: September 2010

Purpose The purpose of this study was to describe firsthand experiences with yoga as shared by adults with or at risk for type 2 diabetes and to examine their beliefs regarding maintenance of yoga practice over time. Methods In this qualitative study, 13 adults with or at risk for type 2 diabetes described their experiences with yoga and their beliefs regarding maintenance of yoga practice over time. Semistructured interviews occurred 16 to 20 months after completion of an 8-week yoga-based clinical trial. Results Themes of readiness for continuing yoga, environmental support for yoga, and integrating yoga emerged through data analysis. Conclusions Findings indicate that yoga is appealing to some individuals with diabetes, but maintaining yoga practice over time is a challenge. Diabetes educators may be able to support maintenance by discussing specific strategies with individuals who express interest in yoga practice.
Overuse Injuries in Professional Road Cyclists
Authors: Clarsen Benjamin , Krosshaug Tron , Bahr Roald 
Published: September 2010

Background Little epidemiological information exists on overuse injuries in elite road cyclists. Anecdotal reports indicate anterior knee pain and lower back pain may be common problems. Purpose This study was conducted to register overuse injuries among professional road cyclists with special focus on anterior knee and lower back pain. Study Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods We attended training camps of 7 professional teams and interviewed 109 of 116 cyclists (94%) on overuse injuries they had experienced in the previous 12 months. Injuries that required attention from medical personnel or involved time loss from cycling were registered. Additional information on anterior knee pain and lower back pain was collected using specific questionnaires. Results A total of 94 injuries were registered; 45% were in the lower back and 23% in the knee. Twenty-three time-loss injuries were registered—57% in the knee, 22% in the lower back, and 13% in the lower leg. Fifty-eight percent of all cyclists had experienced lower back pain in the previous 12 months, and 41% of all cyclists had sought medical attention for it. Thirty-six percent had experienced anterior knee pain and 19% had sought medical attention for it. Few cyclists had missed competitions because of pain in the lower back (6%) or anterior knee (9%). Conclusion Lower back pain and anterior knee pain were the most prevalent overuse injuries, with knee injuries most likely to cause time loss and lower back pain causing the highest rates of functional impairment and medical attention. Clinical Relevance Future efforts to prevent overuse injuries in competitive cyclists should focus on lower back pain and anterior knee pain.
Size Variability of the Human Anterior Cruciate Ligament Insertion Sites
Authors: Kopf Sebastian , Pombo Mathew W. , Szczodry Michal , Irrgang James J. , Fu Freddie H. 
Published: September 2010

Background: Current trends in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) have been toward anatomical reconstruction that restores the normal size and location of the anterior cruciate ligament insertions and its 2 bundles, the posterolateral (PL) and anteromedial (AM) bundles. This has resulted in a more individualized approach to ACLR. Several studies have shown that the size of the anterior cruciate ligament insertion sites is variable; however, these studies are limited by use of relatively small sample sizes and cadaveric specimens. Purpose: This study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo size variability of the anterior cruciate ligament insertion sites and its AM and PL bundles during arthroscopy in a large series of patients and to correlate these findings with individuals’ physical characteristics (height, weight, and body mass index). Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: In 137 patients undergoing ACLR during the first 6 months after injury, the femoral and tibial anterior cruciate ligament insertion sites and the 2 bundles were identified, marked with electrocautery, and measured with an arthroscopic ruler. Additionally, physical characteristics of the patients, including self-reported height, weight, and body mass index, were recorded. Results: The tibial anterior cruciate ligament insertion site had a mean length of 17.0 ± 2.0 mm. The tibial AM bundle length was 9.1 ± 1.2 mm and the width was 9.2 ± 1.1 mm. The tibial PL bundle insertion site length averaged 7.4± 1.0 mm and the width averaged 7.0 ± 1.0 mm. The femoral insertion sites had a mean length of 16.5 ± 2.0 mm. The length of the femoral AM bundle insertion site averaged 9.2 ± 1.2 mm and the width averaged 8.9 ± 0.9 mm. The femoral PL bundle insertion site length averaged 7.1 ± 1.1 mm and the width averaged 6.9 ± 1.0 mm. There were significant positive correlations between patient height and weight ( P < .05) with femoral and tibial anterior cruciate ligament insertion site length, tibial PL bundle insertion site length, femoral AM bundle insertion site length, and tibial AM bundle and PL bundle insertion site areas. However, the coefficients of determination values were low (1.0% to 19.4%). Conclusion: There is a large variation in size of the anterior cruciate ligament insertion sites and the AM and PL bundles. Additionally, there are significant but weak correlations between the size of the insertions and height, weight, and body mass index of the individual patient.
Injury in Community-Level Soccer
Authors: McNoe Bronwen M. , Chalmers David J. 
Published: September 2010

Background Few descriptive epidemiologic studies of injury in soccer are of community-level players. Although many sports injury surveillance systems have been described in the scientific literature, only 1 has been implemented in community-level soccer and that was restricted to adolescent players in a single club. Purpose The objective of this study was to develop a method for undertaking routine surveillance of injury in community-level soccer. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods A cohort of 880 community-level players aged 13 years and over was followed over 1 winter competitive season. Each week, each player was contacted by telephone and an interview conducted to collect data on participation in matches and training sessions, injuries, and adherence to injury prevention measures. Results Seventy-five percent (n = 510) of the cohort was male and the median age was 16 years. Data were collected on 11 268 player-matches totaling 13 483 player-match hours and 11 540 player-training sessions totaling 16 031 player-training hours. A total of 677 match injury events were reported, giving overall incidence rates of 50.2 injury events per 1000 player-match hours and 6.0 injury events per 100 player-matches. The incidence rate for match injury events was significantly higher for females than for males (63.9 vs 46.9). A total of 145 training injury events were reported, giving overall incidence rates of 9.0 injury events per 1000 player-training hours and 1.3 injury events per 100 player-training sessions. The most common injuries were sprains and strains of the lower limb, and tackling was the most common cause of injury. Conclusion This study has shown that routine injury surveillance, using a cohort design with exposure measurement, can be successfully implemented in community-level soccer.
Genetic susceptibility to asbestos-related fibrotic pleuropulmonary changes
Authors: Kukkonen M.K. , Hämäläinen S. , Kaleva S. , Vehmas T. , Huuskonen M.S. , Oksa P. , Vainio H. , Piirilä P. , Hirvonen A. 
Published: September 2010

The objective of this study was to determine whether genetic polymorphisms in enzymes that metabolise oxidative agents modify the individual susceptibility to developing asbestos and smoking-related pleuropulmonary changes.Nine polymorphisms of six genes (EPHX1,GSTM1,GSTM3,GSTP1, GSTT1andNAT2) were genotyped from 1,008 Finnish asbestos-exposed workers. The genotype data were compared to signs of lung fibrosis and pleural thickenings, as well as with total lung capacity, single-breath diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DL,CO) and specific diffusing capacity (expressed asDL,COper unit of alveolar volume (VA)).TheGSTT1deletion polymorphism was associated with fibrotic changes (p=0.003), and decreasedDL,CO(p=0.02) andDL,CO/VA(p=0.002), and theGSTM1deletion polymorphism was associated with the greatest thickness of pleural plaques (p=0.009). On further analysis, theGSTT1null genotype was found to pose over a three-fold risk for severe fibrotic changes (OR 3.12, 95% CI 1.51–6.43), and around two-fold risks for decreasedDL,CO(OR 1.77, 95% CI 1.06–2.95) andDL,CO/VA(OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.33–4.23). In addition, theGSTM1null genotype showed an elevated risk (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.03–1.80) for thicker pleural plaques.Our data suggest that inherited detoxification capacity may affect the development and severity of asbestos and smoking-related nonmalignant pulmonary changes.