bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Work stressors and impaired sleep: rumination as a mediator
Authors: Berset Martial , Elfering Achim , Lüthy Stefan , Lüthi Simon , Semmer Norbert K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAn association between stress at work and impaired sleep is theoretically plausible and supported by empirical evidence. The current study's main aim was to investigate how the influence of stressors is carried over into the evening and the night. We assume that this relationship is mediated by perseverative cognitions. We tested this assumption in two cross‐sectional samples with structural equation modeling, using bootstrapped standard errors to test for significance. Effort–reward imbalance and time pressure were used as stressors, and rumination as a measure for perseverative cognitions. Results show that the stressors are related to perseverative cognitions, and these are related to impaired sleep in both samples. Indirect effects are significant in both samples. With rumination controlled, direct effects of stressors on sleep are only significant in one out of four cases. Thus, there is full mediation in three out of four cases, and partial mediation in the fourth one. Our results underscore the notion that perseverative cognitions are crucial for transferring negative effects of work stressors into private life, including sleep, thus hindering individuals to successfully recover. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Search‐based many‐to‐one component substitution
Authors: Desnos Nicolas , Huchard Marianne , Tremblay Guy , Urtado Christelle , Vauttier Sylvain 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we present a search‐based automatic many‐to‐one component substitution mechanism. When a component is removed from an assembly to overcome component obsolescence, failure or unavailability, most existing systems perform component‐to‐component (one‐to‐one) substitution. Thus, they only handle situations where a specific candidate component is available. As this is not the most frequent case, it would be more flexible to allow a single component to be replaced by a whole component assembly (many‐to‐one component substitution). We propose such an automatic substitution mechanism, which does not require the possible changes to be anticipated and which preserves the quality of the assembly. This mechanism requires components to be enhanced with ports, which provide synthetic information on components' assembling capabilities. Such port‐enhanced components then constitute input data for a search‐based mechanism that looks for possible assemblies using various heuristics to tame complexity. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The reproductive toxicity of organic compounds extracted from drinking water sources on Sprague Dawley rats: An in vitro study
Authors: Wu Jiang , Hu Guanjiu , Wang Xiaoyi , Li Dongmei , Yu Hongxia , Han Xiaodong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe safety of drinking water always causes worldwide concern. Water pollution increases with urban development and industrialization in developing countries. During recent decades, increasing numbers of environmental organic compounds have been found in aquatic environments. These organic compounds are capable of bioaccumulating to much higher concentrations in food webs and cause health effects on human beings. Reproductive impairment is one of the commonest consequences of environmental pollution. Our goal was to investigate the reproductive toxicity of organic compounds extracted from surface water samples collected in drinking water sources. This study focused on the surface water in lower Yangtze River and Taihu Lake, which act as drinking water sources of Jiangsu province, one of the most rapidly developing regions in China. We used solid‐phase extraction (SPE) to condense organic compounds by 286 times from natural surface water samples and established in vitro system to evaluate their effects on reproductive system. We found that organic compounds destroyed the plasma membrane integrity of Sertoli cells and Spermatogenic cells to a certain degree and significantly depressed viability of Sertoli cells and Spermatogenic cells as well. Accordingly, the proportion of apoptotic Sertoli cells and dead Spermatogenic cells enhanced markedly. Although viability of organic‐compound‐treated Leydig cells did not come down remarkably, testosterone production of Leydig cells decreased evidently. These results suggest that accumulated comprehensive effects of organic compounds in surface water of drinking water sources may induce spermatogenesis malfunction and reduction of testosterone production in the long term. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2010.
Values and preferences: defining preference construction
Authors: Warren Caleb , McGraw A. Peter , Van Boven Leaf 
Published: July 2010

AbstractExtensive research in the values and preferences literature suggests that preferences are sensitive to context and calculated at the time of choice. This has led to the view that preferences are constructed. Recent work calls for a better understanding of when preferences are constructed and when they are not. We contend that the answer to this question depends on the meaning of the term constructed. Constructed can mean that a preference changes across contexts. If construction is synonymous with context sensitivity, we contend that preferences are always constructed because context influences nearly every aspect of the judgment and choice process. As a motivating example, we show that preferences are influenced by goals and goals are highly context sensitive. Constructed, however, can mean instead that a preference is calculated or formulated during the judgment and choice process. If construction is synonymous with calculation, we contend that many preferences are calculated and the more important question is to what degree preferences are calculated. We review the literature that shows that the degree to which decision makers calculate preferences is influenced by goals, cognitive constraints, and experience.WIREs Cogni Sci2011 2 193–205 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.98This article is categorized under:Psychology > Reasoning and Decision Making
Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Characterization of a new Protonated Magnesium Borophosphate: (H3O)Mg(H2O)2[BP2O8]·H2O
Authors: Yang Yang , Wu Jian , Wang Yu , Zhu Jiang , Liu Ruibin , Meng Changgong 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA new protonated borophosphate (H3O)Mg(H2O)2[BP2O8]·H2O (1) was synthesized under mild hydrothermal conditions and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and TG‐DTA. The compound crystallizes in the hexagonal system, space group P6(1)22 (No 178), a = 9.4462(7) Å, c = 15.759(2) Å, V = 1217.8(2) Å3, and Z = 6. There exist infinite helical $^1_\infty${[BP2O8]3–} ribbons built up from corner‐sharing PO4 and BO4 tetrahedra, which are connected by MgO4(H2O)2 leading to an infinite three‐dimensional open‐framework. The H3O+ ions are located at the free thread of the helical ribbons, whereas crystallized water occupy the channels of the helical ribbons. The dehydration of the compound occurs at a higher temperature which is presumably due to the anisotropic hydrogen bonds in the crystal structure. The luminescent properties of the compound were studied.
Clinical correlates of painful diabetic neuropathy and relationship of neuropathic pain with sensorimotor and autonomic nerve function
Authors: Spallonel Vincenza , Morganti Roberto , D'Amato Cinzia , Cacciotti Laura , Fedele Tiziana , Maiello Maria R. , Marfia Girolama 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground: This study investigated the clinical correlates of painful diabetic polyneuropathy (PDPN) and the relationship of neuropathic pain with sensorimotor and autonomic nerve function.Methods: Seventy‐eight diabetic patients with PDPN (PDPN+), 57 with non‐painful diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN+), and 56 without diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN−) were prospectively studied. Autonomic neuropathy, neuropathic symptoms and signs, vibration perception threshold, and neuropathic pain were assessed using 4 cardiovascular tests, scoring systems for symptoms and signs (Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Score, MDNS), Biothesiometer, and a numerical rating scale.Results: Compared to DPN+, PDPN+ patients displayed higher BMI (P =0.0043), waist circumference (P =0.0057), neuropathy symptom score (P <0.0001), MDNS (P <0.0001), and lower Valsalva ratio (P =0.037). In a multiple logistic regression analysis including PDPN as the dependent variable and age, sex, body mass index (BMI), abdominal obesity, diabetes type, diabetes duration, HbA1c, blood pressure, triglycerides, smoking, peripheral arterial disease, Valsalva ratio and MDNS as the independent variables, BMI (OR 1.22, P =0.0012) and MDNS (OR 1.27, P =0.0005) were significantly and independently associated with PDPN. In a multivariate regression analysis including as independent variables also sex, age, diabetes type, diabetes duration and Valsalva ratio, 24‐h pain score was significantly related to neuropathy symptom score (P =0.0011), MDNS (P =0.0158), and 10 g monofilament (P =0.018).Discussion: BMI and sensorimotor deficits were the main determinants of PDPN and, as a novel finding, neuropathic pain intensity was related to the degree of neuropathy deficits. Thus, some peculiarity exists in metabolic correlates of diabetic neuropathic pain compared to insensate neuropathy but painfulness can still coexist with insensitivity.
Subjective awareness of tardive dyskinesia and insight in schizophrenia
Authors: Emsley R. , Niehaus D.J.H. , Oosthuizen P.P. , Koen L. , Chiliza B. , Fincham D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundLack of awareness of tardive dyskinesia (TD) and poor insight into mental illness are common in schizophrenia, raising the possibility that these phenomena are manifestations of a common underlying dysfunction.MethodsWe investigated relationships between low awareness of TD and poor insight into mental illness in 130 patients with schizophrenia and TD. We also examined selected demographic and clinical correlates of these two phenomena.ResultsSixty-six (51%) patients had no or low awareness of TD and 94 (72%) had at least mild impairment of insight into their mental illness. Low awareness of TD was not significantly correlated with greater impairment of insight into mental illness. Regression analyses indicated that the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) disorganised factor (β= 0.72,t= 11.88,p< 0.01) accounted for 52% of the variance in insight into mental illness (adjustedR2= 0.55) (F[2, 127] = 81.00,p< 0.01) and the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale (ESRS) dyskinesia subscale score (β= 0.47,t= 6.80,p< 0.01), PANSS disorganised factor (β= −0.26,t= −3.73,p< 0.01), and ESRS parkinsonism subscale score (β= 0.31,t= 4.55,p< 0.01) together accounted for 37% of the variance in awareness of TD (adjustedR2= 0.37) (F[3, 126] = 26.87,p< 0.01).ConclusionThe two phenomena appear to be dissociated, and may be domain-specific.
Effect of catechol-O-methyltransferase Val(108/158)Met polymorphism on antidepressant efficacy of fluvoxamine
Authors: Benedetti F. , Dallaspezia S. , Colombo C. , Lorenzi C. , Pirovano A. , Smeraldi E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRationaleThe catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) enzyme inactivates catecholamines, and the COMT Val(108/158)Met polymorphism (rs4680) influences the enzyme activity. Recent clinical studies found a significant effect of rs4680 on antidepressant response to fluoxetine and paroxetine, but several other studies were negative. No study considered drug plasma levels as possible nuisance covariate.ObjectivesWe studied the effect of rs4680 on response to fluvoxamine antidepressant monotherapy.Patients and methodsForty-one consecutively admitted inpatients affected by a major depressive episode in course of major depressive disorder were administered fluvoxamine for 6 weeks. Changes in severity of depression were assessed with weekly Hamilton Depression ratings and analyzed with repeated measures ANOVA in the context of General Linear Model, with rs4680 and fluvoxamine plasma levels as factors.Resultsrs4680 significantly interacted with time in affecting antidepressant response to fluvoxamine, with outcome being inversely proportional to the enzyme activity: better effects in Met-carriers, worse effects in Val/Val homozygotes. The effect became significant at the fourth week of treatment, and influence final response rates. Fluvoxamine plasma levels had marginal effects on outcome.ConclusionsThis is the first study that reports a positive effect of rs4680 on response to fluvoxamine, and the third independent report of its influence on response to selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Our findings support the hypothesis that factors affecting catecholaminergic neurotransmission might contribute to shape the individual response to antidepressants irrespective of their primary molecular target.
“Folie circulaire” vs “Folie à double forme”: Contribution from a French national study
Authors: Azorin J.-M. , Kaladjian A. , Besnier N. , Adida M. , Hantouche E.-G. , Lancrenon S. , Akiskal H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo check whether the presence or not of free intervals between episodes could help differentiate subtypes of bipolar disorder, as suggested by the seminal controversy between Falret and Baillarger.MethodsFrom 1090 bipolar I patients included in a French national study, 981 could be classified as with or without free intervals and assessed for demographic and illness characteristics.ResultsCompared with patients with free intervals (n= 722), those without (n= 259) had an earlier age at onset, more episodes, suicide attempts, cyclothymic and irritable temperaments. The following independent variables were associated with no free intervals: being single or divorced, delay to mood stabilizer treatment, multiple hospitalizations, incongruent psychotic features, panic and generalized anxiety disorder.Conclusions“Folie à double forme” (without free intervals) and “folie circulaire” (with free intervals) may actually refer to early and later onset bipolar subtypes, insofar as most differences we found between them were previously evidenced between the latter two. We cannot, however, exclude that they might simply be two separate subtypes, whose main characteristics could be accounted for by different explanatory factors.
V-RISK-10: Validation of a Screen for Risk of Violence After Discharge from Acute Psychiatry
Authors: Roaldset J.O. , Hartvig P. , Bjørkly S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundCurrent violence risk assessment instruments are time-consuming and mainly developed for forensic psychiatry. A paucity of violence screens for acute psychiatry instigated the development and validation of the V-RISK-10. The aim of this prospective naturalistic study was to test the predictive validity of the V-RISK-10 as a screen of violence risk after discharge from two acute psychiatric wards.MethodsPatients were screened with V-RISK-10 before discharge, and incidents of violence were recorded 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after discharge. A total of 381 of the 1017 patients that were screened completed the follow up.ResultsThe ROC-AUC values for any violent behaviour were 0.80 and 0.75 (p < 0.001) for the 3 and 12 months follow-up periods, respectively, and significant for both genders. The most accurate risk estimates were obtained for severe violence. For persons without a known history of violence prior to the screening, AUCs were 0.74 (p = 0.004) and 0.68 (p = 0.002).ConclusionsResults indicate that the V-RISK-10 is a valid and clinically useful screen for violence risk after discharge from acute psychiatry, and even significant for patients without a known previous history of violence.
Stress and depression in Latin American immigrants: The mediating role of religiosity
Authors: Kirchner T. , Patiño C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObjectiveMigrating implies a high level of stress that may destabilise immigrants’ mental health. The sense of spiritual fulfilment (feelings of faith, religiosity, and transcendence beyond ordinary material life) can mitigate the stress and benefit mental health. The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between migratory stress, religiosity and depression symptoms, as well as the mediating role of religiosity between migratory stress and depression symptoms.MethodParticipants were 295 Latin American immigrants living in Barcelona (Spain), 186 of whom (63.1%) were women and 109 (36.9%) were men. They were recruited from a Spanish NGO by means of a consecutive-case method.ResultsThe results showed an inverse relationship between religiosity and depression symptoms, but only in women. Likewise, in women, the sense of spiritual fulfilment had mediating value in buffering the relationship between stress and depression symptoms. This mediating value of spiritual fulfilment was not observed in men. For both genders religiosity was inversely related with stress. In addition, it was observed that the sense of religiosity decreases as the time since immigration passes.ConclusionsThese results may be of importance in clinical practice for prevention and therapeutic intervention with Latin American immigrants. As sense of transcendence and social support from the religious community are intertwined, it is difficult to specifically attribute the observed benefit of religiosity to the former versus the later.
Long-term effects of gestational diabetes on offspring health are more pronounced in skeletal growth than body composition and glucose tolerance
Authors: Zhao Jinping , Weiler Hope A. 
Published: July 2010

Infants of diabetic mothers may have low arachidonic acid (AA) and develop obesity and insulin resistance in adulthood. The present study tested the effect of maternal diabetes and AA supplementation on offspring body composition, bone mass and glucose tolerance from 4 to 12 weeks. Rat dams were randomised into six groups using a 3 × 2 design. The rat dams were treated using the following treatments: saline-placebo, streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ) with glucose controlled at < 13 mmol/l (STZ/GC) or poorly controlled at 13–20 mmol/l (STZ/PC) using insulin, and fed either a control or an AA (0·5 % of fat) diet throughout reproduction. Weaned offspring were fed regular chow. Measurements included offspring body composition, bone and oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) plus liver fatty acids of dam and offspring. Comparable to saline-placebo offspring, the STZ/GC offspring had greater (P < 0·03) whole body and regional bone area than STZ/PC offspring. Maternal glucose negatively correlated (P < 0·05) with offspring whole body bone area and mineral content at 4 weeks in all offspring, and with tibia area in males at 12 weeks. Maternal liver DHA negatively (P < 0·03) correlated with femur and tibia mineral content and tibia mineral density of female offspring at 12 weeks. Offspring from AA-supplemented dams had higher (P = 0·004) liver AA at 4 weeks. Liver AA at 4 weeks positively (P = 0·05) correlated with lumbar spine mineral density in males. OGTT was not affected by maternal treatment or diet. These results suggest that maternal glucose control has long-term consequences to bone health of adult offspring. Skeletal growth appears more sensitive to maternal hyperglycaemia than glucose tolerance.
Industrialization, pollution, and infant mortality
Authors: FEDERMAN MAYA , LEVINE DAVID I. 
Published: July 2010

ABSTRACTThis study examines the effects of growing manufacturing employment on infant mortality across almost 200 Indonesian districts from 1985 to 1995, a time of rapid industrialization. Overall, we find no relationship between growing manufacturing employment in general and infant mortality. However, when the growth in manufacturing is concentrated in more polluting industries (as measured by the construction of a harm-weighted index of predicted emissions from manufacturing), there were economically and statistically significant increases in infant mortality. Finally, we consider a variety of potential causal channels that may change with industrialization (such as housing quality and access to health care) and whose change may help to explain the observed relationships. Although most of the various factors are correlated with infant mortality and the industrialization measures are correlated with changes in several factors, conditioning on these measures does not change our basic results.
A decidable subclass of finitary programs
Authors: BASELICE SABRINA , BONATTI PIERO A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAnswer set programming—the most popular problem solving paradigm based on logic programs—has been recently extended to support uninterpreted function symbols (Syrjänen 2001, Bonatti 2004; Simkus and Eiter 2007; Gebseret al. 2007; Baseliceet al. 2009; Calimeriet al. 2008). All of these approaches have some limitation. In this paper we propose a class of programs called FP2 that enjoys a different trade-off between expressiveness and complexity. FP2 is inspired by the extension of finitary normal programs with local variables introduced in (Bonatti 2004, Section 5). FP2 programs enjoy the following unique combination of properties: (i) the ability of expressing predicates with infinite extensions; (ii) full support for predicates with arbitrary arity; (iii) decidability of FP2 membership checking; (iv) decidability of skeptical and credulous stable model reasoning for call-safe queries. Odd cycles are supported by composing FP2 programs with argument restricted programs.
Towards closed world reasoning in dynamic open worlds
Authors: SLOTA MARTIN , LEITE JOÃO 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe need for integration of ontologies with nonmonotonic rules has been gaining importance in a number of areas, such as the Semantic Web. A number of researchers addressed this problem by proposing a unified semantics forhybrid knowledge basescomposed of both an ontology (expressed in a fragment of first-order logic) and nonmonotonic rules. These semantics have matured over the years, but only provide solutions for the static case when knowledge does not need to evolve.In this paper we take a first step towards addressing the dynamics of hybrid knowledge bases. We focus on knowledge updates and, considering the state of the art of belief update, ontology update and rule update, we show that current solutions are only partial and difficult to combine. Then we extend the existing work on ABox updates with rules, provide a semantics for such evolving hybrid knowledge bases and study its basic properties.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that an update operator is proposed for hybrid knowledge bases.
A declarative semantics for CLP with qualification and proximity
Authors: RODRÍGUEZ-ARTALEJO MARIO , ROMERO-DÍAZ CARLOS A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUncertainty in Logic Programming has been investigated during the last decades, dealing with various extensions of the classical LP paradigm and different applications. Existing proposals rely on different approaches, such as clause annotations based on uncertain truth values, qualification values as a generalization of uncertain truth values, and unification based on proximity relations. On the other hand, the CLP scheme has established itself as a powerful extension of LP that supports efficient computation over specialized domains while keeping a clean declarative semantics. In this paper we propose a new scheme SQCLP designed as an extension of CLP that supports qualification values and proximity relations. We show that several previous proposals can be viewed as particular cases of the new scheme, obtained by partial instantiation. We present a declarative semantics for SQCLP that is based on observables, providing fixpoint and proof-theoretical characterizations of least program models as well as an implementation-independent notion of goal solutions.