bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Triterpenoid Saponins and Neolignans from Morina kokonorica
Authors: Zhu Ying , Lü Zhang‐Ping , Xue Cai‐Bin , Wu Wang‐Suo 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageTwo new taraxastane‐type triterpenoid saponins and two new neolignans, (6α,11α)‐6‐[(2‐O‐acetyl‐α‐L‐arabinopyranosyl)oxy]‐3‐oxotaraxast‐20‐ene‐11,28‐diyl diacetate (1), (6α,11α)‐6‐[(2‐O‐acetyl‐β‐D‐xylopyranosyl)oxy]‐3‐oxotaraxast‐20‐ene‐11,28‐diyl diacetate (2), (1R,2R,4E)‐1,5‐bis(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐2‐(methoxymethyl)pent‐4‐en‐1‐ol (3), and 1,1′‐[(1E,4R,5R)‐5‐methoxy‐4‐(methoxymethyl)pent‐1‐ene‐1,5‐diyl]bis(3,4‐dimethoxybenzene) (4), together with six known compounds were isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant Morina kokonorica Hao. Their structures were determined on the basis of spectral data, especially 2D‐NMR and HR‐ESI‐MS.
Diterpenes and Diterpene Glucosides from Phlogacanthus curviflorus
Authors: Lai Guo‐Fang , Wang Xian‐You , Wang Yi‐Fen , Cao Jian‐Xin , Luo Shi‐De , Ju Peng 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe four new diterpene and diterpene glucosides 1–4, the new bergamotene derivative 5, and the two new iridoid monoterpenoid glucosides 6 and 7, together with the eleven known compounds 8–18, were isolated from the EtOH extract of the roots of Phlogacanthus curviflorus. On the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence, their structures were identified as (4α,5β,10α,14α)‐14,19‐dihydroxyabieta‐8,13(15)‐dieno‐16,12‐lactone 19‐(β‐D‐glucopyranoside) (=curvifloruside A; 1), (4α,5β,10α,14α)‐14,19‐dihydroxyabieta‐8,13(15)‐dieno‐16,12‐lactone 19‐[2‐O‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxybenzoyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside] (=curvifloruside B; 2), (4α,5β,10α)‐19‐hydroxy‐14‐oxoabieta‐8,13(15)‐dieno‐16,12‐lactone 19‐[2‐O‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxybenzoyl)‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside] (=curvifloruside C; 3), 19‐hydroxyjolkinolide E (4), 9‐oxo‐α‐bergamoten‐1‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (=curvifloruside D; 5), 6‐deoxyharpagoside (=curvifloruside E; 6), and 6‐epiharpagoside (=curvifloruside F; 7). This is the first report on sesquiterpene and iridoid glycosides from the Phlogacanthus genus.
A Ubiquinol‐Based Charge‐Transfer Complex Obtained from a Solvent‐Free Approach
Authors: Bouvet Marcel , Malezieux Bernard , Herson Patrick , Villain Françoise 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageQuinones (=cyclohexa‐2,5‐diene‐1,4‐diones) and hydroquinones (=benzene‐1,4‐diols) belong to species that are balanced between their redox character and their ability to build supramolecular complexes. Considering the ubiquinol 2,3‐dimethoxy‐5‐methyl‐1,4‐dihydroquinone (=2,3‐dimethoxy‐5‐methylbenzene‐1,4‐diol; 1), the tendency to undergo an oxidation side reaction was overcome by combining this electron‐donating species 1 with a nonreactive partner, benzene‐1,2,4,5‐tetracarbonitrile (TCNB; 3), to yield a 2 : 1 charge‐transfer (CT) complex 4. This work illustrates how very convenient the solvent‐free techniques are to access intermolecular species. X‐Ray diffraction studies revealed that pure ubiquinol 1 (structure included) crystallizes in two enantiomeric conformations, while the triads 4 formed with TCNB (3) exist as meso forms assembled via H‐bonds in zigzag‐chains patterns.
Kinetics of Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) Precipitation from a Icel‐Yavca Dolomite Leach Solution by a Gas (Carbon Dioxide)/Liquid Reaction
Authors: Yildirim Mehmet , Akarsu Huseyin 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe effects of time, CO2‐gas‐injection pressure, and bulk temperature on the precipitation of Ca2+ ions as a precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) from a dolomite leach solution were investigated. Precipitation periods from 1 to 7 min were examined, and experiments were run at CO2‐injection pressures of 200–800 kPa. Effects of bulk temperature were studied in the range from 40 to 70°, and precipitation rates of PCC were determined by measuring the Ca2+ concentrations in the initial and effluent solutions. Influences of these parameters on the subsequent incorporation of Mg2+ ions with the precipitate are discussed in detail. Kinetic analysis of the precipitation was performed by considering the rates as a function of CO$\rm{ {_{3}^{2-}}}$‐ion concentrations. Results obtained by this process clearly show that Ca2+ ions in the solution can successfully be precipitated as a calcium carbonate product containing 54.70% of CaO and 0.77% MgO, at the rate of 2.01 mM h−1.
Two New Cytotoxic Biphenyls from the Roots of Incarvillea arguta
Authors: Fu Jian‐Jun , Jin Hui‐Zi , Shen Yun‐Heng , Qin Jiang‐Jiang , Wang Yan , Huang Ying , Zeng Qi , Yan Shi‐Kai , Zhang Wei‐Dong 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageTwo novel biphenyls, named incargutines A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the roots of Incarvillea arguta, and the structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including HR‐ESI‐MS data and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 contain an unprecedented C‐atom skeleton, namely a 4‐methylbiphenyl unit fused with a 7‐methylcyclopentane unit at C(2) and C(3) (i.e., a 1,7‐dimethyl‐4‐phenylindane skeleton). The cytotoxicity of 1 and 2 was evaluated with four tumor cell lines, A549, LOVO, CEM, and MDA‐MB‐435 (MDA), by an MTT assay.
Visible‐Light‐Promoted Wohl–Ziegler Functionalization of Organic Molecules with N‐Bromosuccinimide under Solvent‐Free Reaction Conditions
Authors: Jereb Marjan , Zupan Marko , Stavber Stojan 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe visible‐light‐induced transformation of toluenes with N‐bromosuccinimide (NBS) under solvent‐free reaction conditions (SFRC) was studied. The reaction took place in spite of the very restricted molecular motion; toluenes could be regioselectively converted to benzyl bromides. Selective radical‐chain reactions with NBS were carried out in liquid/liquid and in solid/solid systems; furthermore, reactions could be performed in the presence of air. The radical scavenger TEMPO (=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐yloxy) completely suppressed the side‐chain bromination of toluenes with NBS under SFRC. Electron‐withdrawing groups decreased the reactivity of the toluenes, and the Hammett reaction constant ρ+=−1.7 indicated involvement of polar radical intermediates with electrophilic character.
Efficient One‐Pot 1,3‐Dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DBH)‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Highly Substituted Furans
Authors: Ghasemnejad‐Bosra Hassan , Faraje Mohammad , Habibzadeh Setareh 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageThe 1,3‐dibromo‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (DBH) was found to efficiently catalyze the one‐pot synthesis of highly functionalized tetrasubstituted furan derivatives by the reaction of 1,4‐diarylbut‐2‐ene‐1,4‐diones and acetoacetates in i‐PrOH as the solvent at 80–90° for 3–7 h. The products were formed in high yields (82–95%) under mild and neutral conditions.
Recent Developments in Synthetic Chemistry, Chiral Separations, and Applications of Tröger's Base Analogues
Authors: Sergeyev Sergey 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageTröger's base is a well‐known chiral molecule with a few unusual structural features. The chemistry of Tröger's base analogues has been greatly developed over the last 20 years, and numerous interesting applications in supramolecular chemistry and in molecular recognition have emerged. This Review gives a short overview of the chemistry of Tröger's base and its analogues, with particular focus on recent achievements in synthesis, enantiomer separations, and applications.
Neobacillamide A, a Novel Thiazole‐Containing Alkaloid from the Marine Bacterium Bacillus vallismortis C89, Associated with South China Sea Sponge Dysidea avara
Authors: Yu Lu‐Lu , Li Zhen‐Yu , Peng Chong‐Sheng , Li Zhi‐Yong , Guo Yue‐Wei 
Published: March 2009

Abstractmagnified imageA novel thiazole alkaloid, neobacillamide A (1), together with a known related one, bacillamide C (4), was isolated from the bacterium Bacillus vallismortis C89, associated with the South China Sea sponge Dysidea avara. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of its spectroscopic data. A plausible biosynthetic pathway is proposed. Neobacillamide A represents the first example of a thiazole‐carboxamide bearing a 2‐phenylethylamine moiety.
Spectral‐temporal characterization of riverflow variability in England and Wales for the period 1865–2002
Authors: Sen Asok K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractWe have investigated riverflow variability in England and Wales by examining the reconstructed monthly discharge time series from fifteen catchments in these regions for the period 1865–2002. The riverflow fluctuations exhibit a strong annual cycle. The flow in the annual cycle is found to be intermittent, with the degree of intermittency varying from one catchment to another. An intermittent flow is characterized by bursts of high discharge separated by intervals with low or no discharge. By applying a continuous wavelet transform to the time series, we have identified the occurrence of intermittency in the annual cycle. The riverflow activity is also found to exhibit variations at interannual and quasi‐decadal time scales. These variations may be linked to large‐scale climatic processes such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). We have used the kurtosis of the probability density functions of the various time series as a measure of the degree of intermittency. An intermittent flow is characterized by a peaked (super‐Gaussian) probability density function with kurtosis in excess of 3. A higher value of kurtosis signifies a higher degree of intermittency. Intermittent fluctuations are more difficult to predict accurately than persistent oscillations, i.e., those lasting continuously over a long time interval. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BCL6 cooperates with CD40 stimulation and loss of p53 function to rapidly transform primary B cells
Authors: Kusam Saritha , Munugalavadla Veerendra , Sawant Deepali , Dent Alexander 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe BCL6 transcriptional repressor protein has been shown to promote B‐cell lymphoma in transgenic mouse models. The mechanism by which BCL6 transforms primary B cells is unclear, although repression of the p53 tumor suppressor is thought to play a role. Here, we showed that BCL6 has critical oncogene functions that are independent of p53 repression. We found that BCL6 cooperates with constitutive CD40 signaling to rapidly transform p53‐deficient primary mouse B cells in vitro. Constitutive CD40 signaling alone does not transform p53‐deficient B cells, indicating that BCL6 acts specifically as an immortalizing oncogene in this system. The BCL6 transformed B cells are polyclonal and form polyclonal tumors. At the initiation of the cultures, BCL6 does not significantly alter cell cycle progression, but it does promote increased cell survival. Early cultures of BCL6‐expressing B cells exhibited marked repression of ATR and p27kip1 but not other BCL6 target genes, suggesting that the ATR and p27kip1 genes have key early roles in mediating BCL6 transformation function. BCL6‐transformed cell lines exhibited further decreases of ATR and p27kip1 expression plus strong decreases in Blimp1 and PDCD2 expression. Our study provides important clues about the critical target genes used by BCL6 to transform primary B cells and indicates that the CD40 signaling pathway can collaborate with BCL6 in the transformation of primary B cells. Thus, our study demonstrates a rapid in vitro system to analyze the transformation function of BCL6. © 2009 UICC
Molecular characterization of the response to chemotherapy in conventional osteosarcomas: Predictive value of HSD17B10 and IFITM2
Authors: Salas Sébastien , Jézéquel Pascal , Campion Loic , Deville Jean‐Laurent , Chibon Frédéric , Bartoli Catherine , Gentet Jean‐Claude , Charbonnel Catherine , Gouraud Wilfried , Voutsinos‐Porche Brigitte , Brouchet Anne , Duffaud Florence , Figarella‐Branger Dominique , Bouvier Corinne 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe therapy regimen of high‐grade osteosarcoma includes chemotherapy followed by surgical resection and postoperative chemotherapy. The degree of necrosis following definitive surgery remains the only reliable prognostic factor and is used to guide the choice of postoperative chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to find molecular markers able to classify patients with an osteosarcoma as good or poor responders to chemotherapy before beginning treatment. Gene expression screening of 20 nonmetastatic high‐grade osteosarcoma patients was performed using cDNA microarray. Expression of selected relevant genes was validated using QRT‐PCR. Immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays sections of 73 biopsies was performed to investigate protein expression. Fluorescent in situ hybridization was performed for RPL8 gene. We have found that HSD17B10 gene expression was up‐regulated in poor responders and that immunohistochemistry expression of HSD17B10 on biopsy before treatment was correlatedto response to chemotherapy. Other results include correlationof IFITM2, IFITM3, and RPL8 gene expression to chemotherapy response. A statistical correlation was found between polysomy 8 or gain of RPL8 and good response to chemotherapy. These data suggest that HSD17B10, RPL8, IFITM2, and IFITM3 genes are involved in the response to the chemotherapy and that HSD17B10 may be a therapeutic target. RPL8 and IFITM2 may be useful in the assessment at diagnosis and for stratifying patients taking part in randomized trials. © 2009 UICC
Purification and physicochemical characterization of two galactose‐specific isolectins from the seeds of Trichosanthes cordata
Authors: Sultan Nabil Ali Mohammed , Kavitha M. , Swamy Musti J. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA galactose‐specific lectin has been purified from the seeds of Trichosanthes cordata by affinity chromatography on crosslinked guar gum. The affinity‐eluted lectin could be resolved into two isolectins, TCA‐I and TCA‐II by ion‐exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose. The molecular weights of the isolectins were determined as 59 and 52 kDa by SDS‐PAGE. TCA‐I is a heterodimer in which the two subunits with masses of 32 and 27 kDa, are covalently connected by disulfide bonds. TCA‐I and TCA‐II are glycoproteins with 6.2% and 6.8% covalently bound neutral sugar, respectively. CD spectroscopic studies indicate that the two isolectins are very similar in secondary structure and contain about 8 to 10% α‐helix, 37–38% β‐sheet, 20% β‐turns, and 32–33% unordered structures. These isolectins have similar carbohydrate specificities as revealed by hemagglutination‐inhibition assays. Carbohydrate specificity, subunit size and composition, and secondary structure of TCA isolectins suggest close similarity to type‐II ribosome inactivating proteins. The agglutination activity of TCA‐I was found to be highest in the pH range 7.0–8.0. The lectin activity was unaffected between 0 and 40°C, but decreased dramatically above 40°C. Association constant for the interaction of TCA‐I with lactose was determined by monitoring ligand‐induced changes in the protein intrinsic fluorescence characteristics as 7.42 × 103 M−1 at 25°C. The exposure and accessibility of the tryptophan residues of TCA‐I and the effect of ligand binding on them have been probed by quenching studies employing neutral and ionic quenchers. © 2009 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 61(4):457–469, 2009
Alpha‐tocopherol transport in the lung is affected by the apoE genotype—Studies in transgenic apoE3 and apoE4 mice
Authors: Huebbe Patricia , Jofre‐Monseny Laia , Rimbach Gerald 
Published: March 2009

AbstractApolipoprotein E (apoE) is a major constituent of lipoproteins mediating peripheral uptake of lipids including the lipid‐soluble vitamin alpha‐tocopherol (α‐toc). In a recent study, we observed significant lower α‐toc concentrations in the lung of apoE4 compared with apoE3 transgenic mice. In this study, we determined the mRNA levels of genes encoding for proteins centrally involved in the uptake, export, and degradation of vitamin E. Receptors of α‐toc uptake including scavenger receptor B1 (SR‐B1), LDL receptor (LDLrec), and LDLrec‐related protein 1 (LRP1) were lower in apoE4 when compared with apoE3 mice with statistical significance for SR‐B1 and LRP1. Lung mRNA levels of the ATP‐binding cassette A1 and the multidrug resistance transporter 1, surfactant proteins mediating the export of α‐toc, were lower in apoE4 than in apoE3 mice. In addition, the mRNA levels of cytochrome P450 3A, a microsomal enzyme family involved in the degradation of α‐toc, tended to be higher in the apoE4 when compared with the apoE3 genotype. Current data indicate that genes encoding for proteins involved in peripheral α‐toc transport and degradation are affected by the apoE genotype probably accounting for thelower α‐toc tissue concentration as observed in apoE4 mice. © 2009 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 61(4):453–456, 2009
Characterization of nitric oxide‐releasing microparticles for the mucosal delivery
Authors: Yoo Jin‐Wook , Lee Jae‐Suk , Lee Chi H. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFor the treatment of female sexual arousal disorder (FSAD), we developed microparticles made of PLGA containing nitric oxide (NO) donor (DETA NONOate) to efficiently deliver NO to vaginal mucosa. The NO‐releasing microparticles were prepared by various emulsion methods. SEM and DSC studies were performed to examine the microparticles. The release studies were conducted under various conditions to optimize the loading dose in the microparticles. NO diffusivity through vaginal epithelial cells was evaluated and pharmacological activity of NO‐releasing microparticles was examined by assessment of intracellular cGMP level in vaginal cells. Through the modified double emulsion solvent evaporation method (w/o/wa), the acid labile DETA NONOate was stabilized during the fabrication process and homogenous morphology and high entrapment efficiency were achieved. DETA NONOate was protected under the acidic conditions of the vagina and NO was released from the microparticles in a controlled manner. A significant amount of NO produced from DETA NONOate penetrated through the vaginal epithelial cells. The intracellular cGMP level increased with the treatment of NO‐releasing microparticles in vaginal cells. These findings suggest that NO‐releasing microparticles could improve the vaginal blood perfusion and open up the possibilities of novel treatment of FSAD. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Silicate–apatite composite layers on external fixation rods and in vitro evaluation using fibroblast and osteoblast
Authors: Wang Xiupeng , Ito Atsuo , Sogo Yu , Li Xia , Oyane Ayako 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA silicate–apatite layer was formed on commercially available anodically oxidized titanium rods using Na2SiO3‐containing supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions. With the increase in the concentration of Na2SiO3 in the supersaturated calcium phosphate solutions, the amounts of silicon that precipitated on the titanium rods increased from 0 to 0.07 ± 0.02 μg/cm2; meanwhile, the amounts of calcium and phosphorus that precipitated on the titanium rods decreased from 11.6 ± 1.6 and 5.7 ± 2.0 μg/cm2 to 2.6 ± 0.5 and 3.0 ± 1.0 μg/cm2, respectively. The present silicate–apatite composite layers, which demonstrated increased fibroblastic proliferation and osteoblastic proliferation and differentiation in vitro, are promising as coating layers on external fixation pins for decreasing the pin tract infection rate in vivo. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cell aggregates via controlled release of TGF‐β1 from incorporated polymer microspheres
Authors: Solorio Loran D. , Fu Andrew S. , Hernández‐Irizarry Roberto , Alsberg Eben 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAggregate culture is a useful method for inducing chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) in a three‐dimensional in vitro culture environment. Conventional aggregate culture, however, typically requires repeated growth factor supplementation during media changes, which is both expensive and time‐intensive. In addition, homogenous cell differentiation is limited by the diffusion of chondrogenic growth factor from the culture medium into the aggregate and peripheral cell consumption of the growth factor. We have engineered a technology to incorporate growth factor‐loaded polymer microspheres within hMSC aggregates themselves. Here, we report on the system's capacity to induce chondrogenesis via sustained delivery of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). Cartilage formation after 3 weeks in the absence of externally supplied growth factor approached that of aggregates cultured by conventional methods. Chondrogenesis in the central region of the aggregates is enabled at TGF‐β1 levels much lower than those required by conventional culture using exogenously supplied TGF‐β1, which is likely a result of the system's ability to overcome limitations of growth factor diffusion from cell culture media surrounding the exterior of the aggregates. Importantly, the inclusion of growth factor‐releasing polymer microspheres in hMSC aggregates could enable in vivo chondrogenesis for cartilage tissue engineering applications without extensive in vitro culture. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Calcium phosphate‐DNA nanoparticle gene delivery from alginate hydrogels induces in vivo osteogenesis
Authors: Krebs Melissa D. , Salter Erin , Chen Eric , Sutter Kathleen A. , Alsberg Eben 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThere is a significant need for improved therapy for bone regeneration. The delivery of recombinant bone morphogenetic proteins has been approved for clinical use to promote osteogenesis, but still has limitations such as expense, degradation of the proteins in vivo and difficulties retaining protein at the site of injury. Localized gene delivery is a promising alternative therapy, as it would allow sustained expression of specific osteoinductive growth factors by cells near the damaged site. We have engineered an injectable system for localized, sustained nonviral gene delivery from alginate hydrogels containing preosteoblastic cells and calcium phosphate–DNA nanoparticles. The nanoparticles utilized in this report are stable, on the order of 100 nm, and have a high DNA incorporation efficiency (>66%). When the nanoparticles were incorporated in alginate hydrogels, sustained release of DNA was observed. Furthermore, MC3T3‐E1 preosteoblast cells exhibited the capacity to form bony tissue in as little as two and half weeks when mixed with DNA nanoparticles encoding for BMP‐2 into the alginate hydrogels and injected subcutaneously in the backs of mice. This injectable, minimally invasive gene delivery system may be efficacious in bone regeneration applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010