bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The promoting effect of adiponectin in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Ming‐Jenn , Yeh Yao‐Tsung , Lee King‐Teh , Tsai Chia‐Jung , Lee Hao‐Hsien , Wang Shen‐Nien 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAdipokines may explain the newly established association of obesity with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated if adiponectin levels in HCC patients differed from healthy controls and their potential effect in the development of HCC.MethodsRadioimmunoassay was used to determine serum adiponectin levels of 65 HCC patients and 165 healthy controls. The expressions of adiponectin protein in the tumor and adjacent non‐tumor parts were examined by the immunoblotting method. Cell proliferation assays were used to assess the bioeffects of adiponectin in two human liver cancer cell lines.ResultsSerum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in the HCC patients than the controls. Significant correlations of serum adiponectin levels with serum triglyceride levels and insulin resistance were found in the controls, but not in the HCC patients. In contrast, serum adiponectin levels significantly correlated with serum albumin and alkaline phosphatase levels in the HCC patients, but this trend was not observed in the controls. The expression pattern of adiponectin protein between the paired tumor and adjacent non‐tumor tissues significantly correlated with tumor size. In vitro, adiponectin increased cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner.ConclusionsIncreased adiponectin expressions were found in HCC and this increase might contribute to tumor growth. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:181–187. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mutations in rare ataxia genes are uncommon causes of sporadic cerebellar ataxia
Authors: Fogel Brent L. , Lee Ji Yong , Lane Jessica , Wahnich Amanda , Chan Sandy , Huang Alden , Osborn Greg E. , Klein Eric , Mamah Catherine , Perlman Susan , Geschwind Daniel H. , Coppola Giovanni 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground:Sporadic‐onset ataxia is common in a tertiary care setting but a significant percentage remains unidentified despite extensive evaluation. Rare genetic ataxias, reported only in specific populations or families, may contribute to a percentage of sporadic ataxia.Methods:Patients with adult‐onset sporadic ataxia, who tested negative for common genetic ataxias (SCA1, SCA2, SCA3, SCA6, SCA7, and/or Friedreich ataxia), were evaluated using a stratified screening approach for variants in 7 rare ataxia genes.Results:We screened patients for published mutations in SYNE1 (n = 80) and TGM6 (n = 118), copy number variations in LMNB1 (n = 40) and SETX (n = 11), sequence variants in SACS (n = 39) and PDYN (n = 119), and the pentanucleotide insertion of spinocerebellar ataxia type 31 (n = 101). Overall, we identified 1 patient with a LMNB1 duplication, 1 patient with a PDYN variant, and 1 compound SACS heterozygote, including a novel variant.Conclusions:The rare genetic ataxias examined here do not significantly contribute to sporadic cerebellar ataxia in our tertiary care population. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Phosphorus liver MRSI at 3 T using a novel dual‐tuned eight‐channel 31P/1H coil
Authors: Panda Anshuman , Jones Scott , Stark Helmut , Raghavan Rahul S. , Sandrasegaran Kumar , Bansal Navin , Dydak Ulrike 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAlthough phosphorus‐31 (31P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy holds potential as noninvasive tool to monitor treatment response of liver malignancies, the lack of appropriate coils has so far restricted its use to liver lesions close to the surface. A novel eight‐channel phased‐array dual‐tuned 31P/1H coil that can assess 31P metabolism in deeper liver tissue as well is presented in this article. Analysis of its performance demonstrates that this coil can provide good sensitivity across a width of 20 cm, thereby enabling magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) scans that can fully cover axial views of the abdomen in lean subjects. In vivo results and reproducibility of 31P MRSI at 3 T of axial slices covering the full depth of the liver are shown in healthy volunteers. To minimize intrasubject and intersubject data variability, spectra are corrected for coil sensitivities. Methods to maximize the reproducibility of coil placement and spectroscopic planning are discussed. The phosphomonoesters/phosphodiesters ratio calculated in healthy volunteers has an average intrasubject variation of 23% averaged over voxels selected from the entire liver. Finally, the feasibility of using the coil in the clinic is shown by preliminary 31P liver MRSI data obtained from a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐time behavior of the proper orthogonal decomposition method
Authors: Kemper Jens 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYWe present explicit error bounds concerning the behavior of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) method when the data are drawn from long trajectories. We express the error of the POD method in terms of the canonical angle for systems with exponentially decaying behavior. We test our theoretical bounds numerically using a linear parabolic equation. The considerations are motivated by a subdivision algorithm for the computation of invariant measures in discrete dynamical systems using the POD method as a model reduction tool. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What is the evidence for radical surgery in the management of localized embryonal bladder/prostate rhabdomyosarcoma?
Authors: Alexander Nicholas , Lane Sheila , Hitchcock Rowena 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAs survival outcomes for bladder/prostate rhabdomyosarcoma have improved over the last 40 years, the emphasis has shifted to minimizing treatment related morbidity. We undertook a critical review of the current literature to examine the role of radical pelvic surgery to achieve local control. We illustrate that there appears to be no difference in overall survival or event free survival when comparing differing modalities utilized in local disease control, microscopic disease clearance does not correlate with improved outcomes, and the morbidity associated with radical surgery for BP RMS is significantly greater than for a conservative method of local control. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The initiative on Model Organism Proteomes (iMOP) Session September 6, 2011, Geneva, Switzerland
Authors: Schrimpf Sabine P. , von Mering Christian , Bendixen Emøke , Heazlewood Joshua L. , Bumann Dirk , Omenn Gil , Hengartner Michael O. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractiMOP – the Initiative on Model Organism Proteomes – was accepted as a new HUPO initiative at the Ninth HUPO meeting in Sydney in 2010. A goal of iMOP is to integrate research groups working on a great diversity of species into a model organism community. At the Tenth HUPO meeting in Geneva this variety was reflected in the iMOP session on Tuesday September 6, 2011. The presentations covered the quantitative proteome database PaxDb, proteomics projects studying farm animals, Arabidopsis thaliana, as well as host–pathogen interactions.
Exploring firm characteristics that differentiate leaders from followers in industry merger waves: a competitive dynamics perspective
Authors: Haleblian Jerayr (John) , McNamara Gerry , Kolev Kalin , Dykes Bernadine J. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractResearch in strategic management has shown that the timing of firm participation in a merger wave matters, as early movers have been shown to outperform later ones. However, while the consequences of the timing of action within a merger wave have been assessed, the causes that drive these timing effects remain unknown. We draw on the competitive dynamics perspective to investigate firm‐level factors that influence the large‐scale strategic behavior of leading or following within industry merger waves. We develop hypotheses based on the competitive dynamics argument that the awareness‐motivation‐capability of firms will influence the timing of competitive action. Consistent with this perspective, we show that a firm's strategic orientation, its structure, and its resource base influence the timing of firm entry in merger waves. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure Formation by Dynamic Self‐Assembly
Authors: Li Liqiang , Köpf Michael H. , Gurevich Svetlana V. , Friedrich Rudolf , Chi Lifeng 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis review summarizes the work conducted in the last decade on the fabrication of mesostructured patterns, which have lateral dimensions within the nano‐ and microscales, over a wafer‐scaled size by means of dynamic self‐assembly using Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) transfer or dip‐coating. First, strategies to form mesostructures from a homogeneous Langmuir monolayer with controlled shape, size, and patterns alignment will be presented, followed by a detailed theoretical explanation of the pattern formation. In addition, the patterning of nanocrystals and other chemicals with LB transfer or other dynamic processes, such as dip‐coating, will be summarized.
Reactive Photonic Film for Label‐Free and Selective Sensing of Cyanide
Authors: Li Xuesong , Peng Lihua , Cui Jiecheng , Li Weina , Lin Changxu , Xu Dan , Tian Tian , Zhang Guanxin , Zhang Deqing , Li Guangtao 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThree‐dimensional ordered inverse‐opal films bearing a reactive trifluoroacetyl group are successfully constructed. Through the specific reaction between cyanide and trifluoroacetyl, the photonic films can selectively detect sub‐micromolar levels of cyanide by distinct structural color change. Labeled molecules are not necessary for the sensing mechanism.
In Situ Characterization of Deformation Behavior of Austenitic High Manganese Steels
Authors: Hoffmann Sascha , Bleck Wolfgang , Berme Banu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe mechanical properties of high manganese steels are linked to their hardening mechanisms and their intrinsic behavior during deformation. The characterization of mechanical properties is influenced by the localization of plastic flow and the effect of this localization on the material. Depending on grain size, temperature, and extrinsic strain rate localization of strain, adiabatic heating, and hardening vary in spatial and temporal extent. Even at small strain rates the adiabatic heating of samples reaches temperatures more than 100 K over initial testing temperature due to the sharp localization and last but not least this heating is also dependent on the tested sample size. Furthermore, temperature influences the activated mechanisms of plastic flow. The characterization of temperature increase, strain distribution, and local hardening is pursued in tensile tests with application of infrared thermography. With those techniques it is possible to gather correlations between local strain and temperature. The analysis of dynamic strain ageing effects is also carried out by evaluation of the instantaneous strain rate, the strain rate in the gauge length, in dependence of stress in different alloys, as well as at different strain rate regimes. Thus it is possible to distinguish the onset of TRIP, TWIP and DSA.
The Practice Page as a Mediational Tool for Interactive Writing Instruction
Authors: Williams Cheri , Sherry Tammie , Robinson Nicole , Hungler Diane 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis paper examines, from the perspective of mediated action (Wertsch, 1991, 1998), the ways in which an experienced, primary‐grade teacher used and continually modified an instructional too—“the practice page”—to mediate specific aspects of interactive writing, an approach to beginning writing instruction. The authors provide a detailed, theoretical account of the teacher's use of this instructional tool and argue that it provided a context for the kinds of explicit instruction and authentic activity that research demonstrates is essential to young children's literacy learning.
Evolution of P2X receptors
Authors: Burnstock Geoffrey , Verkhratsky Alexei 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurines appear to be the most primitive and widespread chemical messengers in all kingdoms of the Domain Eucarya. There is evidence for purinergic signaling in plants, invertebrates, and lower vertebrates from protozoa to birds. Much is based on pharmacological studies, but important recent papers have utilized the techniques of molecular biology, and ATP‐gated ion channels (ionotropic purinoceptors) have been cloned and characterized in primitive invertebrates, including the social amoeba Dictyostelium and the platyhelminth Schistosoma, as well as the green algae Ostreococcus. These ancient purinoceptors resemble P2X receptors identified in mammals. This suggests that contrary to earlier speculations, P2X ion channel receptors appeared early in evolution, while G protein‐coupled P1 and P2Y receptors were introduced either at the same time or perhaps even later. The absence of gene coding for P2X receptors in some animal groups (e.g., in some insects, roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, and the plant Arabidopsis), in contrast to the potent pharmacological actions of nucleotides in the same species, suggests that novel receptors are still to be discovered. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 2012, 1:188–200. doi: 10.1002/wmts.13For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Surgical Management of Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Wade Thomas J. , Yen Tina W. F. , Amin Amanda L. , Wang Tracy S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundPrimary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), typically defined as elevated serum calcium levels associated with inappropriately elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, can occur also in patients with normal serum calcium levels. This study investigated the characteristics, workup, and surgical management of patients with normocalcemic pHPT.MethodsA retrospective chart review of a prospectively collected, single‐institution parathyroid database was performed on patients with sporadic pHPT who underwent parathyroidectomy between 12/99 and 12/08.ResultsIn all, 93 of 771 (12%) pHPT patients had normal serum calcium levels 3 months prior to surgery. Ionized calcium (iCa) levels were available for 58 patients and were elevated in 50 (86%). Among those with elevated iCa levels 90% had single‐gland disease (SGD), whereas 63% with normal iCa levels had SGD (p = 0.07). Preoperative imaging identified SGD in 60% of patients with normal iCa and in 66% with elevated iCa levels. Intraoperative PTH (IOPTH) monitoring identified cure in 51 of 58 (88%) patients including 6 (75%) with normal iCa. At a median follow‐up of 358 days, postoperative calcium and PTH levels were similar in the groups. One (1%) patient had recurrent disease.ConclusionsMost patients with apparent normocalcemic pHPT have elevated ionized calcium levels. For patients with normocalcemic pHPT, we recommend measuring iCa levels preoperatively, performing localization studies, and utilizing IOPTH monitoring to guide a successful operation.
THE ENDURING LEGACY OF THE SECOND SAUDI STATE: QUIETIST AND RADICAL WAHHABI CONTESTATIONS OFAL-WALĀʾ WA-L-BARĀʾ
Authors: Wagemakers Joas 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe concept ofal-walāʾwa-l-barāʾ (loyalty to Islam, Muslims, and God and disavowal of everything else) has developed in various ways in Wahhabi discourse since the 19th century. This can partly be ascribed to the civil war that caused the collapse of the second Saudi state (1824–91) and the lessons that both quietist and radical Wahhabi scholars have drawn from that episode. In this article, I contend that Wahhabi contestations ofal-walāʾwa-l-barāʾ can be divided into two distinct trends—one social and the other political—and that both show the enduring legacy of the second Saudi state, which can still be discerned in Wahhabi scholarly writings on the subject ofal-walāʾwa-l-barāʾ today.
FROM LEGAL REPRESENTATION TO ADVOCACY: ATTORNEYS AND CLIENTS IN THE OTTOMAN NIZAMIYE COURTS
Authors: Rubin Avi 
Published: January 2012

AbstractProfessional attorneyship emerged in the Ottoman Empire in tandem with the consolidation of the Nizamiye (“regular”) court system during the late 19th century. This article analyzes the emergence of an Ottoman legal profession, emphasizing two developments. First, the Nizamiye courts advanced a formalist legal culture, exhibited, inter alia, by the expansion of legal procedure. Whereas the pre-19th century court of law was highly accessible to lay litigants, the proceduralization of court proceedings in the 19th century limited the legibility of the judicial experience to legal experts, rendering legal counseling almost indispensible in civil and criminal litigation. Second, the reformers made efforts to render state-granted legal license a sign of professional competence, presenting a formal distinction between the old “agents” (vekils), who lacked formal legal training, and the professional “trial attorneys” (dava vekils). In practice, however, lawyers of both categories had to adapt to the Nizamiye formalist culture.
IN THE NAME OF THE SULTAN: HACI MUSTAFA PASHA OF BELGRADE AND OTTOMAN PROVINCIAL RULE IN THE LATE 18TH CENTURY
Authors: Zens Robert W. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article examines the administration of Hacı Mustafa Pasha, the military governor of Belgrade from 1793 to 1801. His appointment to this strategically located post was at odds with the contemporary trend in Ottoman provincial politics. Unlike most high-ranking provincial officials at this time, especially in the Balkans, Mustafa Pasha was not among the wealthy and militarily powerfulayan(local notables) but rather a career bureaucrat. His tumultuous and ultimately tragic administration reveals that his appointment was part of the attempt by Sultan Selim III (r. 1789–1807) to recentralize provincial governance. This study also provides a sociopolitical portrait of Belgrade and the surrounding region during the 18th century, as well as a brief look at the dangerous alliance ofayanand the janissaries.
Kant on Moral Freedom and Moral Slavery
Authors: Forman David 
Published: January 2012

AbstractKant's account of the freedom gained through virtue builds on the Socratic tradition. On the Socratic view, when morality is our end, nothing can hinder us from attaining satisfaction: we are self-sufficient and free since moral goodness is (as Kant says) ‘created by us, hence is in our power’. But when our end is the fulfilment of sensible desires, our satisfaction requires luck as well as the cooperation of others. For Kant, this means that happiness requires that we get other people to work for our ends; and this requires, in turn, that we gain control over the thingsotherpeople value so as to have influence over them. If this plan for happiness is not subordinated to morality, then what is most valuable to us will be precisely whatothersvalue. This is the root of the ‘passions’ that make us evil and make us slaves whose satisfaction depends on others. But, significantly, this dependence is amoralslavery and hence does not signal a loss, or even diminishment of the kind of freedom required for moral responsibility.
Kant on the Normativity of Creative Production
Authors: Ostaric Lara 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this essay, I argue that a genius's creation consists of a special unity of free human activity and nature, whereby ‘nature’ signifies not just another aspect of, but rather something that transcends, creative subjectivity. This interpretation of a genius's creative process throws a new light on a special normative status of a genius's rule, i.e. its originality and exemplarity. With respect to the former, I demonstrate that because the organizing principle of the works of genius remains inscrutable to our limited human understanding, a work of genius appears to the observer's limited cognitive capacities as undetermined and, hence, as contingent and original. With respect to the latter, I show how a genius must evolve within the context of her own tradition and how this ‘humbleness’ of a genius still allows for a multiplicity of co-existent schools or genres with their own distinct standards of excellence.
Apriority, Metaphysics, and Empirical Content in Kant's Theory of Matter
Authors: Rand Sebastian 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis paper addresses problems associated with the role of the empirical concept of matter in Kant'sMetaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, offering an interpretation emphasizing two points consistently neglected in the secondary literature: the distinction between logical and real essence, and Kant's claim that motion must be represented in pure intuition by static geometrical figures. I conclude that special metaphysics cannot achieve its stated and systematically justified goal of discovering the real essence of matter, but that Kant requires this failure for his larger philosophical presentation of the dialectic that ‘irremediably attaches to human reason’ (A298/B354).
Improved Signal-to-Noise Ratio in Laboratory-Based Phase Contrast Tomography
Authors: Boone Matthieu N. , De Witte Yoni , Dierick Manuel , Almeida Ana , Van Hoorebeke Luc 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn conventional X-ray microtomography (μCT), the three-dimensional (3D) distribution of the attenuation coefficient of X-rays is measured and reconstructed in a 3D volume. As spatial resolution increases, the refraction of X-rays becomes a significant phenomenon in the imaging process. Although this so-called phase contrast was initially a cumbersome feature in lab-based μCT, special phase retrieval algorithms were developed to exploit these effects. Clear advantages in terms of visualization and analysis can be seen when phase retrieval algorithms are applied, including an increased signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, this is demonstrated both on simulated and measured data.
A Deliberative Approach to Northeast Asia's Contested History
Authors: HE BAOGANG , HUNDT DAVID 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe failure to reconcile views of the past and to address historical injustice has damaged inter-state relations in Northeast Asia. Joint committees, dialogues, and the participation of civil society have been used to address historical issues, but scholars in the disciplines of international relations and area studies have largely ignored these dialogues and deliberative forums. At the same time, there is an emergent theoretical literature on how deliberative democracy can address ethnic conflicts and historical injustice. There is a serious disconnect or distance between the theoretical literature on the resolution of conflicts via deliberation on the one hand, and empirical studies of deliberative approach in East Asia on the other. This article aims to address this shortcoming in the study of the politics of historical dispute in Northeast Asia by proposing a deliberative approach to history disputes and highlighting the achievements, limits, and dynamics of deliberation. Through mapping and comparative testing, we confirm that deliberation offers some potential for a departure from nationalist mentalities and a shift towards a consciousness of regional history in Northeast Asia. Our empirical test of the utility of the deliberative approach suggests that a new model for addressing regional disputes may be emerging.