bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Acceptor–Donor–Acceptor Molecule Tailored Versatile Buffer Enabling Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Si Shenglin , Yin Tianzhou , Guo Yixuan , Zhang Zimin , Wen Haoxin , Tan Haiting , Luo Wenqiang , Zhang Zhen , Wu Hualin , Huang Shaoming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInterface in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is of vital importance because it dominates deep‐level defects and non‐radiative recombination, thus impacting both efficiency and stability further. Herein, a symmetrical acceptor–donor–acceptor (A–D–A) conjugated molecule with the core architecture of terthieno[3,2‐b hiophene and 2‐(3‐oxo‐2,3‐dihydro‐1 H‐inden‐1‐ylidene)malononitrile, named 6TIC, as a versatile buffer layer, is adopted to enhance photovoltaic performance and stability simultaneously. It is found that the conjugated molecule filling at grain boundaries and surface can not only chemically anchor with perovskite components to substantially eliminate interfacial defects and suppress detestable non‐radiative recombination, but also effectively improve the energy level alignment and facilitate charge transfer efficiency at the interface, resulting in an excellent power conversion efficiency of 24.81% with an admirable fill factor of 84.5%. Furthermore, benefiting from the unexceptionable surface protection effect of the hydrophobic buffer layer, greatly improved operational stability is delivered, with retaining 90% of initial efficiency for 960 h aging in a relative humidity of 60 ± 5% air and 1450 h aging under continuous 85 °C heating stress. This strategy may provide a new avenue for advancing high‐efficiency and stable PSCs.
High‐Density Rare‐Earth Single‐Atom‐Triggered Unconventional Transition of Adsorption Configuration on La1Pd Monatomic Alloy Metallene for Sustainable Electrocatalytic Alkynol Semi‐Hydrogenation
Authors: Mao Qiqi , Wang Wenxin , Wu Yueji , Yang Ruidong , Deng Kai , Yu Hongjie , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Liang , Wang Hongjing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic alkynol semi‐hydrogenation for the high‐value chemicals alkenol with mild conditions and carbon‐free emission is a potentially green and sustainable alternative to conventional thermocatalytic routes, which generally involves the design of electrocatalysts with high activity and high selectivity. Here, the rare‐earth single‐atom (Ln = La, Nd, Pr) coordinated Pd metallene (Ln1Pdene) is reported for electrocatalytic 2‐methyl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ol (MBY) semi‐hydrogenation reaction (MBY ESHR) to synthesis of 2‐methyl‐3‐buten‐2‐ol (MBE). Typically, in alkaline medium containing 0.1 m MBY, MBY conversion and MBE selectivity of La1Pdene are as high as ≈97% and ≈95%, respectively, with excellent electrocatalytic stability. Meanwhile, in situ infrared spectra reveal the conversion of MBY to MBE during the dynamic electrocatalytic process. Theoretical calculations reveal that the interaction between La single‐atom and Pd host triggers an unconventional transformation of the intermediate MBE* adsorption configuration during electrocatalytic hydrogenation, achieving the optimal desorption energy between La1Pd and target product and optimizing the reaction energy barriers to inhibit the over‐hydrogenation of MBE. Moreover, La single‐atom as the adsorption active site of the hydrogen supplier H2O effectively reduces the competition adsorption between the reactants MBY and H2O, rendering La single‐atom and Pd host as the synergistic co‐catalytic active sites to promote the electrocatalytic MBY semi‐hydrogenation reaction.
Hierarchically Programmed Meta‐Louver Fabric for Adaptive Personal Thermal Management
Authors: Zhao Zimeng , Li Haoyun , Peng Yangyang , Hu Jinlian , Sun Fengxin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSmart clothing with adaptive personal thermal management functionality is highly desirable for wearing comfort and energy efficiency. However, due to the lack of common materials that can fabricate dynamic thermoregulation fabrics, translating the existing technologies to commercial applications remains challenging. Herein, leveraging an industrial textile manufacturing approach, a hierarchically programmed meta‐louver fabric with switchable modes for both hot and cold is developed. The efficacy of adaptive pore channels by manipulating the orientation of chiral knit loops to regulate water evaporation, as well as thermal convection and radiation, is experimentally demonstrated. In sharp contrast to current pore‐actuated smart textiles, the designed meta‐louver fabric gains its adaptive thermoregulation capacity directly from the multiscale textile structure engineering, ranging from the single‐helical‐fiber enabled yarn actuators to pre‐tension induced chiral‐helical knit loops. This strategy is shown to be also effective for other fiber materials, such as cotton, and thus provides a universal paradigm for a new family of metamaterials by engineering the interconnection of multiscale structures.
Unit‐Cell‐Thickness Electron Confinement by Geometrically Constrained Antipolar Ordering
Authors: Xing Yaolong , Hwang Jaejin , Kang Kyeong Tae , Choi Woo Seok , Lee Jaekwang , Oh Sang Ho 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAchieving precise electron or spin confinement is essential for the progress of oxide electronics and emerging quantum information processing. While 2D electron confinement is commonly achieved with bare surfaces, heteroepitaxial interfaces, and charged domain walls, its practical application poses challenges, notably by diverse confinement widths, limited material selection, and the lack of freedom of positioning to a desired location within a given material system. Here, with scrutinizing a novel defect structure, the study suggests a new strategy with compelling evidence to trigger electron confinement down to single unit‐cell‐thickness, through geometrically constrained antipolar ordering facilitated by superlattice‐like periodic planar faults in metallic SrFeO3. Employing atomic resolution electron microscopy and density functional theory, the results demonstrate that electrons are confined two‐dimensionally to screen the positive bound charges on head‐to‐head antipolar state boundary, meanwhile oxygen vacancies segregated in the planar faults compensate the negative bound charges on the tail‐to‐tail one, leading to the stabilization of the antipolar ordering. Additionally, distinguished from traditional methods, this approach offers a potential programing capability for achieving precise charge and spin control by regulating planar fault structure at atomic scale.
Shape‐Persistent Conductive Nerve Guidance Conduits for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Song Jiahui , Dong Jize , Yuan Zhengchao , Huang Moran , Yu Xiao , Zhao Yue , Shen Yihong , Wu Jinglei , EL‐Newehy Mohamed , Abdulhameed Meera Moydeen , Sun Binbin , Chen Jiwu , Mo Xiumei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo solve the problems of slow regeneration and mismatch of axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury, nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have been widely used to promote nerve regeneration. Multichannel NGCs have been widely studied to mimic the structure of natural nerve bundles. However, multichannel conduits are prone to structural instability. Thermo‐responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) can maintain a persistent initial structure over the body temperature range. Electrical stimulation (ES), utilized within nerve NGCs, serves as a biological signal to expedite damaged nerve regeneration. Here, an electrospun shape‐persistent conductive NGC is designed to maintain the persistent tubular structure in the physiological temperature range and improve the conductivity. The physicochemical and biocompatibility of these P, P/G, P/G‐GO, and P/G‐RGO NGCs are conducted in vitro. Meanwhile, to evaluate biocompatibility and peripheral nerve regeneration, NGCs are implanted in subcutaneous parts of the back of rats and sciatic nerves assessed by histology and immunofluorescence analyses. The conductive NGC displays a stable structure, good biocompatibility, and promoted nerve regeneration. Collectively, the shape‐persistent conductive NGC (P/G‐RGO) is expected to promote peripheral nerve recovery, especially for long‐gap and large‐diameter nerves.
Thickness of Nanoscale Poly(Dimethylsiloxane) Layers Determines the Motion of Sliding Water Drops
Authors: Zhou Xiaoteng , Wang Yongkang , Li Xiaomei , Sudersan Pranav , Amann‐Winkel Katrin , Koynov Kaloian , Nagata Yuki , Berger Rüdiger , Butt Hans‐Jürgen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLayers of nanometer thick polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are applied as hydrophobic coatings because of their environmentally friendly and chemically inert properties. In applications such as heat exchangers or fog harvesting, low water drop friction on surfaces is required. While the onset of motion (static friction) has been studied, the knowledge of dynamic friction needs to be improved. To minimize drop friction, it is essential to understand which processes lead to energy dissipation and cause dynamic friction? Here, the dynamic friction of drops on PDMS brushes of different thicknesses is measured, covering the whole available velocity regime. The brush thickness L turns out to be a predictor for drop friction. 4–5 nm thick PDMS brush shows the lowest dynamic friction. A certain minimal thickness is necessary to form homogeneous surfaces and reduce the attractive van der Waals interaction between water and the substrate. The increase in dynamic friction above L = 5 nm is also attributed to the increasing viscoelastic dissipation of the capillary ridge formed at the contact line. The height of the ridge is related to the brush thickness. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and atomic force measurements support this interpretation. Sum‐frequency generation further indicates a maximum order at the PDMS–water interface at intermediate thickness.
Green Fabrication of Stackable Laser‐Induced Graphene Micro‐Supercapacitors under Ambient Conditions: Toward the Design of Truly Sustainable Technological Platforms
Authors: Silvestre Sara L. , Morais Maria , Soares Raquel R. A. , Johnson Zachary T. , Benson Eric , Ainsley Elisabeth , Pham Veronica , Claussen Jonathan C. , Gomes Carmen L. , Martins Rodrigo , Fortunato Elvira , Pereira Luis , Coelho João 
Published: May 2024

AbstractExtensive research into green technologies is driven by the worldwide push for eco‐friendly materials and energy solutions. The focus is on synergies that prioritize sustainability and environmental benefits. This study explores the potential of abundant, non‐toxic, and sustainable resources such as paper, lignin‐enriched paper, and cork for producing laser‐induced graphene (LIG) supercapacitor electrodes with improved capacitance. A single‐step methodology using a CO2 laser system is developed for fabricating these electrodes under ambient conditions, providing an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional carbon sources. The resulting green micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) achieve impressive areal capacitance (≈7–10 mF cm−2) and power and energy densities (≈4 μW cm‐2 and ≈0.77 µWh cm−2 at 0.01 mA cm−2). Stability tests conducted over 5000 charge–discharge cycles demonstrate a capacitance retention of ≈80–85%, highlighting the device durability. These LIG‐based devices offer versatility, allowing voltage output adjustment through stacked and sandwich MSCs configurations (parallel or series), suitable for various large‐scale applications. This study demonstrates that it is possible to create high‐quality energy storage devices based on biodegradable materials. This development can lead to progress in renewable energy and off‐grid technology, as well as a reduction in electronic waste.
Comprehensive Insights into Potassium‐Ion Capacitors: Mechanisms, Materials, Devices and Future Perspectives
Authors: Cai Peng , Wang Kangli , Wang Tianqi , Li Haomiao , Zhou Min , Wang Wei , Jiang Kai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlkali metal‐ion capacitors integrate two electrodes from both batteries and supercapacitors (SCs), combining the advantages of large capacity, high‐rate performance, and long cycle life. Potassium (K) has similar properties to sodium (Na) and lithium (Li), however, the abundance of K in the crust is the same with Na, and much higher than Li. Due to the fast kinetics and low self‐discharge of Potassium‐ion capacitors (PICs), PICs attract more interest from researchers in the field of electrochemical energy storage. The current dilemma is that the research on PICs is more inherited from sodium‐ion capacitors (SICs) and lithium‐ion capacitors (LICs). Despite advancements in electrode materials, there is still a lack of profound understanding of the intrinsic issues and key challenges of PICs. In order to provide a detailed and systematic analysis of the development of PICs, in this review, special attention is given on the following Accordingly, full eight key sections: i) development history, ii) defining equations, iii) energy storage mechanism, iv) device configuration, v) electrode materials, vi) electrolyte design, vii) key technologies, and viii) future perspectives. This review provides an intensive theoretical foundation for the development of PICs and is able to pave the path for the practical application of PICs.
The value of publicly engaged podcasting in human biology
Authors: Lynn Christopher D. , Manthey Courtney , Ocobock Cara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPodcasting about science may be popular, but does it motivate engagement? The Human Biology Association and American Journal of Human Biology (AJHB) cosponsor a podcast that highlights recent articles. We hypothesized that AJHB articles discussed on the podcast (n = 42) receive more online views than other articles from the same issues. We used Student's t‐tests to compare mean article views and found podcasted articles received more views, but the difference was not significant. When extreme outliers were removed, podcasted articles had over twice the views of control articles (p = .04), indicating that journal‐affiliated podcasting can increase science engagement.
Sex Differences in Trends in Stroke Recurrence and Postrecurrence Mortality 2000–2020: Population‐Based Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi Project
Authors: Chen Chen , Reeves Mathew J. , He Kevin , Morgenstern Lewis B. , Lisabeth Lynda D. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study was undertaken to delineate 21‐year sex‐specific trends in recurrence and postrecurrence mortality.MethodsBetween 2000 and 2020, first‐ever ischemic stroke (IS) patients, ascertained from the population‐based BASIC (Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi) project in South Texas, were followed for recurrent stroke and all‐cause mortality until December 31, 2020. Multivariable regression models with an interaction between calendar year and sex were used to estimate sex‐specific trends and sex differences in recurrence and postrecurrence mortality.ResultsOf the 6,057 IS patients (median age = 69 years, 49.8% women), 654 (10.8%) had a recurrence and 399 (47.7%) had postrecurrence mortality during 5 years of follow‐up. In 2000, women had 2.5% higher albeit non‐statistically significant 5‐year risk of recurrence than men in absolute scale. With the trend declining in women by 7.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = −10.8 to −4.5%) and in men by 3.6% (95% CI = −6.5% to −0.7%), the risk at the end of the study period was 1.5% (95% CI = −0.3% to 3.6%) lower among women than men. For postrecurrence mortality, the risk was 10.2% lower among women in 2000, but the sex difference was 3.3% by the end of the period, which was due to a larger overall increase in the risk among women than men over the entire time period.InterpretationThe declines in recurrent stroke suggest successful secondary stroke prevention, especially in women. However, the continued high postrecurrence mortality among both sexes at the end of study period emphasizes the need for ongoing interventions to improve prognosis in those who have had recurrent cerebrovascular events. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:332–342
Polymer‐DNA Carriers Co‐Deliver Photosensitizer and siRNA for Light‐Promoted Gene Transfection and Hypoxia‐Relieved Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Fan Guiling , Hou Shengxin , Zhang Wenkang , Jiang Hengfeng , Xiao Fan , Yu Jiantao , Tian Leilei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotochemical internalization is an efficient strategy relying on photodynamic reactions to promote siRNA endosomal escape for the success of RNA‐interference gene regulation, which makes gene‐photodynamic combined therapy highly synergistic and efficient. However, it is still desired to explore capable carriers to improve the delivery efficiency of the immiscible siRNA and organic photosensitizers simultaneously. Herein, we employ a micellar nanostructure (PSNA) self‐assembled from polymer‐DNA molecular chimeras to fulfill this task. PSNA can plentifully load photosensitizers in its hydrophobic core simply by the nanoprecipitation method. Moreover, it can organize siRNA self‐assembly by the densely packed DNA shell, which leads to a higher loading capacity than the typical electrostatic condensation method. The experimental results prove that this PSNA carrier can greatly facilitate siRNA escape from the endosome/lysosome and enhance transfection. Accordingly, the PSNA‐administrated therapy exhibits a significantly improved anti‐tumor efficacy owing to the highly efficient co‐delivery capability.
Kinetics of pyrolysis and Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling of low metamorphic coal
Authors: Zhang Qiu Li , Li Jun Yi , Wang Hai Xuan , Liu Jun Li , Zhou Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explores the low‐temperature pyrolysis kinetic of low metamorphic grade coal from Northern Shaanxi, utilizing Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) spectroscopy to analyze the characteristics of various functional groups over a 293–1023 K temperature range. A kinetic model, correlating with the pyrolysis behaviors of these groups, was developed through thermal analysis kinetics. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology simulated the furnace's flow dynamics, allowing an examination of the physical field alterations and functional group evolution during pyrolysis. Results showed that the pyrolysis kinetic functions for aromatic C–H, C=C, C–O, and •OH, along with temperature, pressure, and velocity fields, were successfully integrated into the simulation. This integration provided detailed insights into the temperature profile, pressure distribution, flow velocities, and functional group distribution in the furnace. Aliphatics, exhibiting the largest mass fraction and wide pyrolysis temperature range, and •OH radicals with the highest activation energy were concentrated in the furnace's pyrolysis zone center. C=C's distribution was influenced by aromatic C–H and aliphatics, showing a complementary pattern. The oxygen‐containing groups C–O and C=O had similar pyrolysis mechanisms and uniform distribution. The functional groups' mass fractions were ranked from highest to lowest as follows: aliphatics > •OH > aromatic C–H > C–O > C=C > C=O.
Consider potential implications of Title IX exemption granted to Baylor University
Authors: Romano Robert , Shanklin Mackenzie 
Published: May 2024

Title IX was originally enacted to protect college ­students from sex discrimination in educational programs or activities, including athletics. Specifically, Title IX states that “No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from the participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”
Therapeutic Promises of Ferulic Acid and its Derivatives on Hepatic damage Related with Oxidative Stress and Inflammation: A Review with Mechanisms
Authors: Bhuia Md. Shimul , Chowdhury Raihan , Shill Manik Chandra , Chowdhury Afsana Kabir , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo , Antas e Silva Davi , Raposo António , Islam Muhammad Torequl 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFerulic acid (FA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound commonly found in the plant Ferula communis. This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective effect of FA and its derivatives (methyl ferulic acid and trans‐ferulic acid) against oxidative stress and inflammation‐related hepatotoxicity due to toxicants based on the results of different non‐clinical and preclinical tests. For this, data was collected from different reliable electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, etc. The results of this investigation demonstrated that FA and its derivatives have potent hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation‐related damage. The findings also revealed that these protective effects are due to the antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects of the chemical compound. FA and its analogues significantly inhibit free radical generation and hinder the effects of proinflammatory markers and inflammatory enzymes, resulting in diminished cytotoxic and apoptotic hepatocyte death. The compounds also prevent intracellular lipid accumulation and provide protective effects.
Tributelosides A−D: Four Undescribed Spirostan Glycosides Isolated from the Branches and Leaves of Tribulus terrestris with Their NO Production Inhibitory Activity in LPS Activated RAW 264.7 Cells
Authors: Van Quoc Nguyen , Huy Hoang Nguyen , Huu Tai Bui , Hai Yen Pham , Thi Cuc Nguyen , Thanh Huong Phan Thi , Thi Dung Duong , Thi Trang Do , The Cuong Nguyen , Duc Giang Le , Van Kiem Phan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFour undescribed spirostan glycosides, (25S)‐5α‐spirostan‐ 12‐one‐2α,3β‐diol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (1), (25S)‐5α‐spirostan‐12‐one‐2α,3β‐diol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐galatopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐ (1→4)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (2), (25S)‐5α‐spirostan‐12‐one‐2α,3β‐diol‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→2)‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→3)]‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (3), and hecogenin 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→4)‐[α‐L‐rhamnopyranosyl‐(1→2)]‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (4), together with eleven known compounds (5–15) were isolated from the branches and leaves of Tribulus terrestris. Their chemical structures were established through spectroscopic methods, including HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D‐, and 2D‐NMR spectra. Preliminary biological evaluation on NO production inhibitory activity in LPS activated RAW 264.7 cells showed that compounds 1–3, 5, and 6 had significant inhibitory effects with IC50 values ranging from 2.4 to 18.3 μM, compared to that of the positive control compound, dexamethazone (IC50 13.6 μM).
Parametric Optimization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Using Chaotic Swarm Intelligence Technique
Authors: Kaura Vasudha , Narang Bhavya , Singh Parminder , Sandhu Amanpreet 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) converts chemical energy into electricity without pollution or noise. PEMFC has a stable electrolyte, reliable, fast start‐up, and lightweight portability. Optimal PEMFC parameter prediction is difficult. Due to inaccurate estimation, many meta‐heuristic models are inaccurate. Particle swarm, Ant colony, and grey wolf algorithms are tested for fuel cell parameter estimation. These traditional algorithms benefit from chaotic maps for exploitation and exploration. Analyzing V–I and P–I polarization curves, hybrid approaches estimate unknown parameters. Results are compared with others to support the identifying strategy. This project examined SR‐12 and NedSstack PS‐6 PEMFC stacks. The objective function was shown by the sum of square errors between the experiments, and once an appropriate map is identified, the single chaotic map inclusion method can perform better than the multiple chaotic map scheme, and the “Iterative” approach in chaotic swarm is the most promising for multidimensional challenges.