bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Neutron Irradiation on Energy Accumulation and Dissipation during Plastic Flow and Hardening of Metallic Polycrystals
Authors: Toktogulova D. A. , Gusev M. N. , Maksimkin O. P. , Garner F. A. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Deformation-calorimetric experiments have been performed on specimens of Armco iron, pure nickel, and two austenitic chromium-nickel alloys: 12Cr18Ni10Ti and 03Cr20Ni45Mo4Nb, each tested in both unirradiated and irradiated conditions. It has been shown that for neutron-irradiated 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel and also for nickel and Armco iron, the latent energy (Es) versus σ curves shift towards lower values of Es, and these curves progressively lose their parabolic appearance that is typical for unirradiated metals and alloys. It has also been shown experimentally that “excess heat” is measured when stored energy associated with radiation-produced defect agglomerates is released during their annihilation in formation of defect-free channels. In effect more energy in released than the mechanical energy supplied externally to cause deformation of the specimen. When post-irradiation annealing is used to reduce the concentration of defect agglomerates, the excess energy phenomenon disappears.
Lessons Learned from RAP Sections with 17 Years of Service
Authors: Chen Dar-Hao , Hong Feng 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Maintenance and rehabilitation (M&R) play a key role in maintaining aging highway infrastructures. Asphalt concrete (AC) overlays have been widely used in M&R across the state. The successful application of an AC overlay requires comprehensive and in-depth knowledge regarding its material characteristics and in situ performance. To better understand the AC overlay’s behavior, the Texas SPS-5 sections from the Long-Term Pavement Performance program are investigated in this study. The eight test sections perform satisfactorily even after 17 years of service. The purpose of this study is to extract useful information and propagate this success to similar rehabilitation projects. The study includes two aspects of work complementary to each other: (A) Laboratory material properties testing (binder and aggregate tests, overlay tester test, and the Hamburg wheel track test) and (B) in situ pavement performance evaluation (transverse cracking, reflective cracking, rut depth, and ride quality). By integrating the information from both aspects, the findings are given as follows: (1) AC overlay with 35 % reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) can perform well if properly designed and constructed; (2) in terms of resisting reflective cracking 1 unit thick of 35 % RAP is equivalent to 0.26 unit thick virgin mixture; (3) with the 40 % reflective cracking rate criterion, the life for virgin AC with a 125 mm overlay is 65 % longer than that for a 50 mm overlay; (4) in terms of pavement performance, no significant difference exists between 50 mm milling and non-milling if the milling does not remove existing cracks completely; (5) the maximum rut depth of 12.7 mm among the test sections indicates that the mixture is rut-resistant, and the existing pavement with lime-treated base and subbase beneath the overlay provides sound foundation; and (6) the overlay tester can be a viable and simple measure to evaluate the asphalt mixtures’ reflective cracking resistance.
Water Vapor Sorption Isotherms for Southern Pine Treated with Several Waterborne Preservatives
Authors: Zelinka Samuel L. , Glass Samuel V. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Equilibrium moisture content (EMC) was measured over a range of relative humidities at 22.5°C to determine whether certain wood preservatives increase the hygroscopicity of southern pine (Pinus sp.) The treatments studied were alkaline copper quaternary (ACQ) at a retention of 6.6 kg⋅m−3, chromated copper arsenate (CCA) at 6.9 kg⋅m−3, and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) at 3.8 kg⋅m−3 (equivalent to 2.6 kg⋅m−3 as B2O3). All treatments examined increased the EMC at relative humidities above 60 %. Wood treated with DOT was the most hygroscopic. At high relative humidities, the ratio of the EMC of ACQ-treated wood to CCA-treated wood was 1.08. It is unlikely that the higher corrosiveness of ACQ compared with CCA is due to this slight increase in hygroscopicity.
Increased EpCAM expression in malignant insulinoma: potential clinical implications
Authors: Raffel Andreas , Eisenberger Claus F , Cupisti Kenko , Schott Matthias , Baldus Stephan E , Hoffmann Imke , Aydin Feride , Knoefel Wolfram T , Stoecklein Nikolas H 
Published: January 2010

ObjectiveEpCAM (CD326) is overexpressed in progenitor cells of endocrine pancreatic islands of Langerhans during fetal development and was suggested to act as a morphoregulatory molecule in pancreatic island ontogeny. We tested whether EpCAM overexpression is reactivated in insulinomas, endocrine tumors arising in the pancreas.Design/methodWe used monoclonal anti-EpCAM antibody Ber-Ep4 for immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumor material. We analyzed 53 insulinomas: 40 benign (disease stage<IIa) and 13 malignant tumors (disease stage IIIb/IV). Disease stage disposition followed new TNM classification of the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) for foregut neuroendocrine tumors (2006). Additionally, ten insulinoma metastases were analyzed. Clinical follow-up was available for overall survival analysis from 49 patients. The EpCAM expression of the islands of Langerhans was classified as 2+ in healthy pancreatic tissue.ResultsIn 38% of the benign insulinomas (disease stage<IIa), we found strong (3+) EpCAM expression. In contrast, malignant insulinomas (disease stage IIIb/IV) and their metastases exhibited a strong (3+) EpCAM expression with 78 and 80% respectively, significantly more frequent (P<0.01). The malignant tissue was characterized by a significantly lower number of unstained cells and significantly higher number of 3+ stained cells. Quantitative PCR for EpCAM mRNA validated strong EpCAM expression in malignant insulinoma. Kaplan–Meier curves indicated survival disadvantage for EpCAM 3+ insulinomas, but this was not statistically significant (log-rank test).ConclusionThis first EpCAM expression study in benign/malignant insulinomas indicates that strong EpCAM expression could help to identify patients at risk for malignant disease and might be used as a therapeutic target for antibody-based therapies in patients with metastatic insulinoma.
Morning Cortisol Levels and Cognitive Abilities in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Reynolds Rebecca M. , Strachan Mark W.J. , Labad Javier , Lee Amanda J. , Frier Brian M. , Fowkes F. Gerald , Mitchell Rory , Seckl Jonathan R. , Deary Ian J. , Walker Brian R. , Price Jackie F. ,   on behalf of the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study Investigators
Published: January 2010

OBJECTIVE
People with type 2 diabetes are at increased risk of cognitive impairment but the mechanism is uncertain. Elevated glucocorticoid levels in rodents and humans are associated with cognitive impairment. We aimed to determine whether fasting cortisol levels are associated with cognitive ability and estimated lifetime cognitive change in an elderly population with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study of 1,066 men and women aged 60–75 years with type 2 diabetes, living in Lothian, Scotland (the Edinburgh Type 2 Diabetes Study). Cognitive abilities in memory, nonverbal reasoning, information processing speed, executive function, and mental flexibility were tested, and a general cognitive ability factor, g, was derived. Prior intelligence was estimated from vocabulary testing, and adjustment for scores on this test was used to estimate lifetime cognitive change. Relationships between fasting morning plasma cortisol levels and cognitive ability and estimated cognitive change were tested. Models were adjusted for potential confounding and/or mediating variables including metabolic and cardiovascular variables.

RESULTS
In age-adjusted analyses, higher fasting cortisol levels were not associated with current g or with performance in individual cognitive domains. However, higher fasting cortisol levels were associated with greater estimated cognitive decline in g and in tests of working memory and processing speed, independent of mood, education, metabolic variables, and cardiovascular disease (P &lt; 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS
High morning cortisol levels in elderly people with type 2 diabetes are associated with estimated age-related cognitive change. Strategies targeted at lowering cortisol action may be useful in ameliorating cognitive decline in individuals with type 2 diabetes.
Pediatric Endurance and Limb Strengthening (PEDALS) for Children With Cerebral Palsy Using Stationary Cycling: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Fowler Eileen G. , Knutson Loretta M. , DeMuth Sharon K. , Siebert Kara L. , Simms Victoria D. , Sugi Mia H. , Souza Richard B. , Karim Roksana , Azen Stanley P. ,   for the Physical Therapy Clinical Research Network (PTClinResNet)
Published: January 2010

Background
Effective interventions to improve and maintain strength (force-generating capacity) and endurance are needed for children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Objective
This study was performed to examine the effects of a stationary cycling intervention on muscle strength, locomotor endurance, preferred walking speed, and gross motor function in children with spastic diplegic CP.

Design
This was a phase I randomized controlled trial with single blinding.

Setting
The interventions were performed in community-based outpatient physical therapy clinics. Outcome assessments were performed in university laboratories.

Participants
Sixty-two ambulatory children aged 7 to 18 years with spastic diplegic CP and Gross Motor Function Classification System levels I to III participated in this study.

Intervention and Measurements
Participants were randomly assigned to cycling or control (no-intervention) groups. Thirty intervention sessions occurred over 12 weeks. Primary outcomes were peak knee extensor and flexor moments, the 600-Yard Walk-Run Test, the Thirty-Second Walk Test, and the Gross Motor Function Measure sections D and E (GMFM-66).

Results
Significant baseline-postintervention improvements were found for the 600-Yard Walk-Run Test, the GMFM-66, peak knee extensor moments at 120°/s, and peak knee flexor moments at 30°/s for the cycling group. Improved peak knee flexor moments at 120°/s were found for the control group only, although not all participants could complete this speed of testing. Significant differences between the cycling and control groups based on change scores were not found for any outcomes.

Limitations
Heterogeneity of the patient population and intrasubject variability were limitations of the study.

Conclusions
Significant improvements in locomotor endurance, gross motor function, and some measures of strength were found for the cycling group but not the control group, providing preliminary support for this intervention. As statistical differences were not found in baseline-postintervention change scores between the 2 groups; the results did not demonstrate that stationary cycling was more effective than no intervention. The results of this phase I study provide guidance for future research.
Aerobic Exercise During Early Rehabilitation for Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Tawashy Amira E. , Eng Janice J. , Krassioukov Andrei V. , Miller William C. , Sproule Shannon 
Published: January 2010

Background and PurposePeople with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), particularly those with injuries causing tetraplegia, are at risk for cardiovascular illnesses. There is a compelling need to address poor cardiovascular health as early as possible after cervical SCI. The purpose of this case report is to illustrate the process of aerobic exercise prescription during inpatient rehabilitation for cervical SCI.Case DescriptionThe patient was a 22-year-old man who had sustained a complete C5 SCI during a swimming accident 12 weeks before he participated in an aerobic exercise program. The program was developed to facilitate aerobic capacity while minimizing muscular fatigue. The patient attended 18 sessions over a 2-month period.OutcomesThe patient's exercise tolerance increased in terms of both exercise duration and exercise intensity. Measurements of cardiovascular health, taken before and after training, revealed substantial increases in peak oxygen uptake (20%) and orthostatic tolerance over the course of the program.DiscussionThe patient experienced typical complications associated with acute SCI (eg, orthostatic hypotension, urinary tract infections). He exhibited several signs of improved exercise tolerance and wheelchair mobility during the 2-month program, indicating potential cardiovascular and functional improvements from the exercise training.
ADDITIONAL NOTES ON TROPAEA LUNA
Authors: Wickwire Harriet , Calale Adele 
Published: January 2010

The 1933 experiment in hybridizing Tropaea luna with Actias selene closed in the following manner:Cocoons of Actias selene, formed in August, hatched in September, and the moths mated. A second brood of larvae was reared on rose leaves (purchased wholesale after the winter set in) but, owing to the difficulty of keeping this food supply fresh, the disease called Flatchery claimed all of the brood except one larva. The single cocoon, spun in December, gave us a female the following June, but this moth refused to mate with males of Tropaea luna.
THREE SPECIES OF BEETLES FROM LABRADOR
Authors: Frost C. A. 
Published: January 2010

In a box of Coleoptera sent me by Mr. C. P. Alexander of the Massachusetts State College for determination I found the following interesting records:Pachyta liturata Kby. One specimen bearing the label, “Northwest River, Lab. VIII-15-1929. Coll. F. C. Sears.”Anoplodera hirtella Lec. One specimen with the label, “Northwest River, Lab. Summer of 1933. F. C. Sears Coll.” This may be a synonym of tibialis Lec.
SOME NEW MYCETOPHILIDAE
Authors: Shaw Frank R. 
Published: January 2010

In the course of my studies of this interesting group of flies, some new species have been described which I wish to record at this time.Sciara townesi sp. n.Male. Length 3½ mm. Shiny in appearance.Head black, palpi brownish. Antennae black, covered with silvery pubescence. Thorax black. Pteropleurite slightly lighter. Legs yellow, ventral surface of trochanters black. Fore tibia with one spur, meso and metathoracic tibia with two spurs. Prothoracic basitarsus shorter than tibia. Wing, length 3 mm. Costa extends about 4/5 distance from Rs to M1+2. Hypopygium (fig. I) brownish black.
NEW CANADIAN PERLIDS (PART II)
Authors: Ricker William E. 
Published: January 2010

Length to tip of wings: ♂ 12 mm. ♀ 14 mm.; expanse ♂ 21 mm., ♀ 25 mm.Head (exclusive of eyes ) somewhat wider than prothorax, yellow with obscure light brown markings; lateral tubercles small, pale; ocelli ringed with black, the black sometimes extending a short distance forward and/or toward the eyes. Antennae yellow at base, brown toward the tips, palpi brownish.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF ELEODES FROM THE PACIFIC COAST REGION (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE.)
Authors: Blaisdell Frank E. 
Published: January 2010

The following new species of Eleodes have recently, come to hand and are described as follows:Eleodes indentata n. sp. (Subgenus Blapylis Horn.)Female—From ovate, about twice as long as wide, widest across middle of the elytra. Color deep black, luster polisheci ancl shining.Head slightly widest across the eyes, before the post-ocular line a little more than twice as wide as long; sides of the front scarcely as prominent as the eyes, arcuately convergent to the oblique sutures and there broadly sinuate; sides of the epistoma straight and convergent, angles evenly. rounded, apex broadly sinuate : frons feebly convex, s1ight1y and broadly impressed within the moderatc supra-antennal convexities, very densely punctate, punctures coarse and more or less coalescent, smaller on the occiput. Labmrum transverse, densely punctete in apical one-half, thence to base smooth and very sparsel punctate.
STUDIES ON NORTH AMERICAN MORDELLIDAE, I. (COLEOPTERA)
Authors: Ray Eugene 
Published: January 2010

This is the first of a series of papers on North American Mordeliidae. It is intendled that the entire family will, in time, be taxononically covered and that keys to the members of various genera will be included.Unless otherwise noted types of species hereafter described are to be found in the collection of the writer.
FURTHER NOTES ON THE GENUS AMELETUS WITH DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES (EPHEM.)
Authors: McDunnough J. 
Published: January 2010

The work of my assistant, Mr. A. N. Gartrell, in southern British Columbia during the season of 1935 has resulted in considerable additions to our knowledge of the genus Ameletus in thisprovince; not only have the nymphs of A. oregonensis McD. and vernalis McD. been tied down, but two new species have been discovered.It is proposed to deal with these in the present article but before doing SO it might be well to call attention to an error which has crept into Traver's key to the adults (1935, Biology of Mayflies, 447) ; in this key the first caption reads “Several cross-veins in forewing margined with brown, so that wing appears speckled” and under this heading is included as first species validus McD. This is incorrect as the wings of validus are not speckled but lightly and evenly suffused with brownish-amber, and the species, if properly keyed, would fall into caption 6, where it is distinguished from shepardi Trav. apparently by the darker-colored abdominal segments. Similior McD., as second species under caption I, is also wrongly keyed; in this species the wings are practically clear hyaline and the correct keying would lead to caption 13 (alticolus McD.) to which species it is allied but differs in genitalic characters.
THE BEES OF ALBERTA.—I
Authors: Cockerell T. D. A. 
Published: January 2010

It is proposed to offer a series of papers, based primarily on the material collected by Professor E. H. Strickland of the University of Alberta at Edmonton.Chelynia nitida (Cresson). This genus of parasitic bees has over twenty species in North America, the majority from the Pacific Coast region. There are two closely allied species described from females, black with cream-coloured abdominal bands. For some years I have had in my collection a male from Tolland, Colorado, July 1915, at flowers of Frasera, collected by L. A. Kenoyer, determined by me as C. nitida (Cress). I now receive a very similar but distinct male from Professor E. H. Strickland, collected by O. Peck at Beaverlodge, Alberta, July 6, 1931. I conclude that this must be the genuine C. nitida, and the Tolland one the undescribed male of the related C. idahoensis Swenk.
SPRUCE LITTER REDUCTION
Authors: Jacot Arthur Paul 
Published: January 2010

For some time I have suspected that spruce needles were eaten out by Oribatoid mites. h recent lot of spruce litter from the Great Smoky Mountains (North Carolina-Tennessee) made possible this investigation with the following results.Firm, undecomposed needles hold no mites. They are first acted upon by fungi which reduce the cell contents and a good deal of the mesophyll. In this condition the needles are soft and punky. It is only then that the mites are able to lay their eggs in the needles. Most punky needles examined sheltered an immature Phthiracarid mite (October 28th), sometimes two. These mites were found at one end of their excavation, having left behind them a completely dismanted needle and a litter of faeces. They leave the walls intact so that each of these soft, white mites is completely sheltered within its needle. The last molt is effected intra muros. Adults may thus be found within an undamaged needle. When hard and brown the adult cuts its way out and seeks a mate in the wide, moist world of the lower litter layer. The entire life of such a species is thereiore spent in the one horizon of the forest floor (the F2 layer). The leaf is left, a thin walled tube, its central stele and sclerenchymatous tissues completely eaten out and reduced to a thin litter of minute faeces (less than 0.1 mm. long).
SOME WESTERN BEES OF THE GENUS OSMIA
Authors: Michener Charles D. 
Published: January 2010

The types of the spcies described below are in the author's collection except for the Acanthosmioides, which are in Prof. T. D. A. Cockerell's collection.Osmia (Acanthosmioides) uncinata n. sp.Male: Length 10 mm.; head and thorax green, the cheeks and pleura bluer, the abdomen blue, slightly greener posteriorly, the posterior margins of the tergites concolorous; flagellum crenulate, the under side brownish red; mandibles black, their bases greenish; legs black except for the green femora and rufescent claw joints of tarsi; hind tibiae perhaps faintly greenish basally; tegulae black, green anteriorly; hind basitarsus widest apically, tapering basally; head and thorax closely punctate, but the vertex and scutum not blackish; wings hardly dusky, the basal vein meeting transverse median, the second abscissa of cubital vein nearly twice as long as fourth; scutellum with a longitudinal median line, which is not distinctly polished; pubescence of head and thorax white, that of clypeus dense and erect as in other species of this subgenus; pubescence of abdomen white, the third tergite with a few black hairs posteriorly on dorsum, tergites four to six with more abundant black hairs intermixed among the pale; venter of abdoinen with some dark hairs among the pale; apex of abdomen normal for the subgenus, the teeth of seventh tergite rounded; process of second sternite not compressed apically, but rather narrowly rounded when seen from below, the base (in same view) widened; seen from the side, the apex of the process is minutely hooked on ventral side; ventral side of process, especially basally, somewhat excavated, but not grooved.
NEST BUILDING OF TRYPOXYLON POLITIFORME ROH
Authors: Fattig P. W. 
Published: January 2010

On Tuesday morning, July 17, 1933 I noticed a Trypoxylon politiforme Roh. starting to build its nest against the side of a vertical cement pillar in our basement, by Friday night, July 20, 1933 the first row of cells was completed.This wasp builds a mud cell about one inch long and somewhat larger in diameter than a lead pencil. It provisions this cell with paralyzed spiders, then it closes the cell leaving about one-fourth inch of the cell projecting. It then extends the cell for another inch, and fills the second compartment or cell with paralyzed spiders, closing this second cell off with another mud partition. The first row of cells were slightly more than seven inches long, and contained seven cells. The second row of cells was started on Saturday morning, July 21, these being built along the side of the first row. I noticed two wasps bringing in mud. I dropped some white Duco paint upon one of the wasps, which later I found to be a male.
NEW NORTH AMERICAN CORIXIDAE WITH NOTES (HEMIPTERA)
Authors: Walley G. Stuart 
Published: January 2010

In the following paper descriptions are presented for three apparently undescribed species of Arctocorixa. Notes are included on some additional species and a redescription presented for Corisella tumida (Uhler).Arctocorixa bicoloripennis n. sp.Male.—Length 5.75 mm. Form and color pattern simulating A. penniensis Hungfd. but size a little smaller. Head short, vertex from above broadly arcuate continuous with margin of eyes. Width of vertex posteriorly between eyes equal to its median length. Face with a weak concavity extending dorsally slightly beyond lower margin of eyes and with greatest width distinctly less than interocular space. Inner margins of eyes only very slightly diverging ventrally. Post-ocular space narrow. Head with a few fine punctures and a few fine pale hairs, surface minutely coriaceous, shining. Antennae with apical segment slender, two-thirds as long as subapical segment.