bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability and reactivity of liposome‐encapsulated formate dehydrogenase and cofactor system in carbon dioxide gas‐liquid flow
Authors: Yoshimoto Makoto , Yamashita Takayuki , Yamashiro Takuya 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFormate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii (CbFDH) is potentially applicable in reduction of CO2 through oxidation of cofactor NADH into NAD+. For this, the CbFDH activity needs to be maintained under practical reaction conditions, such as CO2 gas‐liquid flow. In this work, CbFDH and cofactor were encapsulated in liposomes and the liposomal enzymes were characterized in an external loop airlift bubble column. The airlift was operated at 45°C with N2 or CO2 as gas phase at the superficial gas velocity UG of 2.0 or 3.0 cm/s. The activities of liposomal CbFDH/cofactor systems were highly stable in the airlift regardless of the type of gas phase because liposome membranes prevented interactions of the encapsulated enzyme and cofactor molecules with the gas‐liquid interface of bubbles. On the other hand, free CbFDH was deactivated in the airlift especially at high UG with CO2 bubbles. The liposomal CbFDH/NADH could catalyze reduction of CO2 in the airlift giving the fractional oxidation of the liposomal NADH of 23% at the reaction time of 360 min. The cofactor was kept inside liposomes during the reaction operation with less than 10% of leakage. All of the results obtained demonstrate that the liposomal CbFDH/NADH functions as a stable catalyst for reduction of CO2 in the airlift. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Evaluation of substrate promiscuity of anL‐carbamoyl amino acid amidohydrolase fromGeobacillus stearothermophilusCECT43
Authors: Pozo‐Dengra Joaquín , Martínez‐Gómez Ana Isabel , Martínez‐Rodríguez Sergio , Clemente‐Jiménez Josefa María , Rodríguez‐Vico Felipe , Las Heras‐Vázquez Francisco Javier 
Published: March 2010

AbstractN‐carbamoyl‐amino‐acid amidohydrolase (also known as N‐carbamoylase) is the stereospecific enzyme responsible for the chirality of theD‐ orL‐amino acid obtained in the “Hydantoinase Process.” This process is based on the dynamic kinetic resolution ofD,L‐5‐monosubstituted hydantoins. In this work, we have demonstrated the capability of a recombinantL‐N‐carbamoylase from the thermophilic bacterium Geobacillus stearothermophilus CECT43 (BsLcar) to hydrolyze N‐acetyl and N‐formyl‐L‐amino acids as well as the known N‐carbamoyl‐L‐amino acids, thus proving its substrate promiscuity. BsLcar showed faster hydrolysis for N‐formyl‐L‐amino acids than for N‐carbamoyl and N‐acetyl‐L‐derivatives, with a catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of 8.58 × 105, 1.83 × 104, and 1.78 × 103(s−1M−1), respectively, for the three precursors ofL‐methionine. Optimum reaction conditions for BsLcar, using the three N‐substituted‐L‐methionine substrates, were 65°C and pH 7.5. In all three cases, the metal ions Co2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+greatly enhanced BsLcar activity, whereas metal‐chelating agents inhibited it, showing that BsLcar is a metalloenzyme. The Co2+‐dependent activity profile of the enzyme showed no detectable inhibition at high metal ion concentrations. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Use of cellulases and recombinant cellulose binding domains for refining TCF kraft pulp
Authors: Cadena Edith M. , Chriac A. Iulia , Pastor F. I. Javier , Diaz Pilar , Vidal Teresa , Torres Antonio L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe modular endoglucanase Cel9B from Paenibacillus barcinonensis is a highly efficient biocatalyst, which expedites pulp refining and reduces the associated energy costs as a result. In this work, we set out to identify the specific structural domain or domains responsible for the action of this enzyme on cellulose fibre surfaces with a view to facilitating the development of new cellulases for optimum biorefining. Using the recombinant enzymes GH9–CBD3c, Fn3–CBD3b, and CBD3b, which are truncated forms of Cel9B, allowed us to assess the individual effects of the catalytic, cellulose binding, and fibronectin‐like domains of the enzyme on the refining of TCF kraft pulp from Eucalyptus globulus. Based on the physico‐mechanical properties obtained, the truncated form containing the catalytic domain (GH9–CBD3c) has a strong effect on fibre morphology. Comparing its effect with that of the whole cellulase (Cel9B) revealed that the truncated enzyme contributes to increasing paper strength through improved tensile strength and burst strength and also that the truncated form is more effective than the whole enzyme in improving tear resistance. Therefore, the catalytic domain of Cel9B has biorefining action on pulp. Although cellulose binding domains (CBDs) are less efficient toward pulp refining, evidence obtained in this work suggests that CBD3b alters fibre surfaces and influences paper properties as a result. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Use of disposable reactors to generate inoculum cultures for E. coli production fermentations
Authors: Mahajan Ekta , Matthews Timothy , Hamilton Ryan , Laird Michael W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDisposable technology is being used more each year in the biotechnology industry. Disposable bioreactors allow one to avoid expenses associated with cleaning, assembly and operations, as well as equipment validation. The WAVE bioreactor is well established for Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) production, however, it has not yet been thoroughly tested for E. coli production because of the high oxygen demand and temperature maintenance requirements of that platform. The objective of this study is to establish a robust process to generate inoculum for E. coli production fermentations in a WAVE bioreactor. We opted not to evaluate the WAVE system for production cultures because of the high cell densities required in our current E. coli production processes. Instead, the WAVE bioreactor 20/50 system was evaluated at laboratory scale (10‐L) to generate inoculum with target optical densities (OD550) of 15 within 7–9 h (pre‐established target for stainless steel fermentors). The maximum settings for rock rate (40 rpm) and angle (10.5) were used to maximize mass transfer. The gas feed was also supplemented with additional oxygen to meet the high respiratory demand of the culture. The results showed that the growth profiles for the inoculum cultures were similar to those obtained from conventional stainless steel fermentors. These inoculum cultures were subsequently inoculated into 10‐L working volume stainless steel fermentors to evaluate the inocula performance of two different production systems during recombinant protein production. The results of these production cultures using WAVE inocula showed that the growth and recombinant protein production was comparable to the control data set. Furthermore, an economic analysis showed that the WAVE system would require less capital investment for installation and operating expenses would be less than traditional stainless steel systems. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010
Microsurgical and histomorphometric study of the occipital sinus: Quantitative measurements using a novel approach of stereology
Authors: Balak Naci , Ersoy Gökhan , Uslu Ünal , Tanriöver Necmettin , Tapul Leyla , Çetin Gürsel , Işik Nejat , Elmaci Ilhan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractQuantitative descriptions of the occipital sinus are lacking in the extant medical literature. Posterior fossa duras with the superior sagittal sinus, the inferior and superior petrosal sinuses were dissected and taken out from fresh human cadavers by cutting at the superior sagittal sinus, the marginal sinuses and the petrosal sinuses bilaterally. The length of the occipital sinuses was measured using calipers. A 0.5‐cm section of the occipital sinus was cut out at its midpoint and prepared for measurements of the perimeter and diameter using a stereology workstation. The sinuses were also examined qualitatively using a surgical microscope. There was no occipital sinus in 6.6% of total 30 cases. Multiple occipital sinuses were seen in 10%. In one specimen, the sinus seemed incomplete, failing to reach the marginal sinuses. Some specimens gave the impression that more than one occipital sinus was present, nevertheless, careful dissection showed connections. The breadth of the sinus steadily narrowed downward in direction of foramen magnum. The inner wall with many fibrous bridges was tight, except the lateral parts that were easily separated into two dural sheets. The length of the sinus varied from 10 to 37 mm. The inner diameter (feret maximum) varied from 0.33 to 7.06 mm at midpoint. The breadth of the multiple sinuses did not exceed the mean of our series except in one case. The occipital sinus, which is generally ellipsoid in shape, functions in the majority of cases as a thin, single midline sinus. It may have less resistant recesses laterally. Clin. Anat. 23:386–393, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Predicting radial nerve location using palpable landmarks
Authors: Cox C.L. , Riherd D. , Tubbs R.S. , Bradley E. , Lee D.H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to predict the location of radial nerve (RN) utilizing palpable anatomic landmarks. Thirty‐four paired upper limbs were dissected. The RN was localized: (1) at the humeral spiral groove (SG), (2) lateral intermuscular septum (LIS), and (3) at its' division into the posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) and radial sensory nerve (RSN). The PIN was located at the anterior aspect of the radial neck (AN). Humeral and radial lengths were measured. The RN traversed the SG, on average, 48% (36%–63%) of humeral length, distal to the greater tuberosity. The RN pierced the LIS, on average, 38% (29%–56%) of humeral length, proximal to the lateral epicondyle (LE). The PIN/RSN division occurred on average 1.0 cm (−11.4 to 3.5) distal to the LE. The PIN crossed the AN, on average, 10% (5%–14%) of radial length, distal to the radial head articular surface. Clin. Anat. 23:420–426, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Design of communication interface and control system for intelligent humanoid robot
Authors: Lin Hsiung‐Cheng , Chen Chao Hung , Huang Guo‐Shing , Liu Ying‐Chu , Hsu Wei‐Chung 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCurrently, robot applications have been fast expanding to many areas such as entertainment, home task, security, medical care, etc. With an increasing robot demand, the development of highly reliable and low‐cost robot control system has become a hot research field in recent years. However, most robot control system requires special interface design or suffers from complexity or high cost. This phenomenon poses a great difficulty for students to learn such a robot development knowledge from a traditional classroom. Accordingly, this paper aims to propose a simple but reliable robot communication interface and local‐loop control system based on RS232 and 8051 microprocessor, suitable use as lecture material for various kinds of robot control. In this proposed scheme, the robot action commands stored in the database using C++ Builder can be transmitted from the command‐transmission microprocessor (CTM) and then received by the individual authorized action‐processing microprocessor (APM) via RS232. Every APM is responsible to its respective robot's joint so that there are up to tens of modules to be operated for a variety of robot actions simultaneously and independently. Real‐time implementation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of robust, simple, flexible, and efficient performance. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 454–467, 2012
Percutaneous retrograde revascularization of the superior mesenteric artery via the celiac artery for chronic mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Stephens John C. , Cardenas Gustavo , Safian Robert D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn elderly woman developed chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) due to severe stenosis of the celiac artery and chronic total occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Stenting of the celiac artery resulted in resolution of CMI, but symptoms recurred 4 months later due to restenosis. We report successful sustained resolution of CMI after percutaneous retrograde revascularization of the SMA via the celiac artery. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A biodegradable device (BioSTAR™) for atrial septal defect closure in children
Authors: Morgan Gareth , Lee Kyong‐Jin , Chaturvedi Rajiv , Benson Lee 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground: Percutaneous closure of atrial defects (ASD) has evolved as the treatment of choice for the majority of defects and patent oval foramens. The BioSTAR™ biodegradable implant avoids many issues associated with devices containing substantial amounts of metal. Methods: Reviewed was a consecutive series of 10 ASD occlusions in a pediatric population with the BioSTAR biodegradable device. All implantations were performed by one operator. The inclusion criterion was a balloon stretched ASD diameter of ≤16 mm. Procedural data and acute and early‐term closure rates were retrospectively matched to a cohort of children having defect closure using the Amplatzer Septal Occluder™ (ASO™). Results: Acute and 6 month follow up closure rates for the BioSTAR were 90% and 100% vs. 100% and 100% closure with the ASO implants. There was a statistically significant difference in the median procedure time (52 min: BioSTAR; 39.5 min: ASO device, P < 0.05), with fluoroscopy times slightly longer for the BioSTAR group (6.7 min vs. 6.1 min, P = ns). There were no significant complications in either group. Conclusions: The BioSTAR implant can achieve comparable closure rates to the ASO in small‐ to moderate‐atrial septal defects with only a minimal skeleton of foreign material remaining after 6 months. Longer fluoroscopy and procedure times were a drawback; however, these should improve with familiarity with the implant and deployment system. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Radial versus femoral access for orally anticoagulated patients
Authors: Ziakas, Antonios G. , Koskinas, Konstantinos C. , Gavrilidis Stavros , Giannoglou George D. , Hadjimiltiades Stavros , Gourassas Ioannis , Theofilogiannakos Efstratios , Economou Fotios , Styliadis Ioannis 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives: To prospectively compare the efficacy and procedural safety of the radial versus femoral route for cardiac catheterization during uninterrupted warfarin therapy. Background: The optimal treatment strategy for cardiac catheterization in patients receiving long‐term oral anticoagulation has not been defined. Increasing evidence suggests the feasibility and safety of catheterization without warfarin interruption. However, the relative safety and efficacy of the radial and femoral access in fully anticoagulated patients are unknown. Methods: Fifty‐six consecutive patients on chronic warfarin treatment with international normalized ratio (INR) between 1.8 and 3.5 were randomized to undergo coronary angiography, alone, or followed by percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), via the femoral (n = 29) or radial route (n = 27). Procedural success, in‐hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, access‐site, and bleeding complications were recorded. Results: The two groups were well balanced with similar clinical characteristics at baseline. There were no significant differences in preprocedural antiplatelet therapy or in INR levels between the radial and femoral group (2.62 ± 0.7 vs. 2.48 ± 0.6, respectively, P = 0.63). Procedural success was achieved in all femoral patients, whereas one patient in the radial group (3.7%) required crossover to femoral access. Eight patients from the femoral and 10 patients from the radial group successfully underwent PCI. Access‐site complications occurred only in patients who underwent PCI: three (37.5%) in the femoral versus none in the radial group (P = 0.034). Conclusion: The radial access is as efficacious and safe as the femoral route for coronary angiography in fully anticoagulated patients, but is likely to result in fewer access‐site complications in patients who also undergo PCI. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aortic valve regurgitation following percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Bajić Stevan , Berden Pavel , Podnar Tomaž 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives: To determine the incidence and outcome of aortic valve regurgitation (AR) following the percutaneous closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Background: Aortic valve regurgitation is an overlooked consequence of percutaneous PDA closure. Methods: Between December 2000 and May 2009, 51 children underwent percutaneous closure of PDA using Amplatzer Duct Occluders. Their median age at the time of the procedure was 2.6 years (range: 0.6–18.0 years), and median weight was 14.0 kg (range: 7.6–75.0 kg). Follow‐up echocardiograms were performed a day after the procedure and at 1, 3, 12 months, and yearly thereafter. Results: A day after the procedure, AR was detected for the first time in 13 of 48 patients (27.0%). A group of patients with newly developed AR was significantly different from a group of patients with competent aortic valves with respect to their age, weight, and minimal PDA diameter indexed to the body weight. The follow‐up period ranged from 0.2 to 8.5 years (median 3.3 years) and at the latest follow‐up evaluation, AR persisted in a single patient (2.0%) 6 years after the procedure. Conclusions: The aortic valve regurgitation following percutaneous PDA closure is trivial to mild and transient. It develops in approximately a quarter of children after percutaneous closure of PDA with a minimal diameter ≥1.5 mm and is more likely to develop in infants and small children having significant left‐to‐right shunts. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Delayed mortality from aortic dissection post transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI): The tip of the iceberg
Authors: Gerber Robert T. , Osborn Michael , Mikhail Ghada W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report two cases of autopsy confirmed aortic dissection as a cause of death following trans aortic valve implantation (TAVI). The TAVI procedures were performed via the transapical and transfemoral route, respectively, and death occurred several days after the index procedure and not immediately. This highlights a potential cause of delayed unexplained death days post TAVI and may be overlooked as a potential cause of death in patients undergoing this procedure. This also questions the empirical use of dual antiplatelet therapy following TAVI which could potentially exacerbate this phenomenon. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study on Ce‐Doped Nonstoichiometric Nanosilica for Promoting Properties of Polysulfone Membranes
Authors: Zhang Y. , Du T. , An X. , Tu Z. , Zhang G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUsing the sol‐gel method a series of nonstoichiometric nanosilica doped with the rare earth element Ce (CexSi1–xO2–δ, x = 0.0–0.14) were prepared in order to modify the physicochemical properties of the nanosilica surface and to enhance the strength of the Ce‐nanosilica/polysulfone composite membranes. The CexSi1–xO2–δ samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra, X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectra. The observations from these characterizations suggest that most Ce atoms enter the silica framework to form a Ce‐O‐Si solid solution while the cubic CeO2 phase is segregated when x >0.08. Transmission electron microscopy images show that CexSi1–xO2–δ particles are spherical with a uniform size distribution in the range of 30–50 nm and contain some inner pores with sizes up to a few nanometers. Specifically, Ce0.08Si0.92O2–δ‐700 calcined at 700 °C shows the biggest surface area, the smallest pore size and the highest hydrophilicity, which makes the Ce0.08Si0.92O2–δ/polysulfone composite membranes (8.0 wt %) exhibit the strongest mechanical strength (3.223 MPa), which is enhanced by more than 100% in comparison with the pure polymer membrane.
Valuing software service development in support of business‐to‐consumer services
Authors: Tansey Brendan , Stroulia Eleni 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn efforts to innovate, organizations are increasingly offering competitive value‐added services, frequently by evolving their software infrastructure. Business decisions are often motivated by economic trade‐offs related to the development and management of this software. To develop an economic‐modelling framework for the evolutionary development of software‐based services, we examine the problem of estimating the return on a software‐evolution investment. We present methods for estimating both the cost of developing a new service by incrementally modifying existing software and the value generated by introducing the service to the market in terms of revenue generated by the new service and the value of potential future services it may enable. An example case study illustrates the model. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Colour harmony revisited
Authors: O'Connor Zena 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA plethora of theories and studies exist that focus on the relationship between colour and esthetic response as well as the construction of colour harmony. However, consensus regarding colour harmony is lacking in the literature leaving designers and architects with colour harmony information that is contradictory and ambiguous. This article examines both early and more recent theories and definitions of colour harmony. The diverse theoretical paradigms and disparate assumptions embedded within these theories are discussed in some depth, and the validity and veracity of predictive colour harmony theories are discussed from a current theoretical perspective. An updated definition of colour harmony is providedalong with a conceptual model that represents an attempt to revise colour harmony in line with current theoretical paradigms. This conceptual model acknowledges that the interface between colour and esthetic response is less deterministic and predictable, and more idiographic than previous theories allow. In addition, the conceptual model suggests that colour harmony is contingent on factors that may influence the relationship between colour and esthetic response such as individual and cultural differences as well as perceptual, contextual, and temporal factors. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010
Structure and electrical properties of Mg‐doped ZnO nanoparticles
Authors: Kılınç N. , Arda L. , Öztürk S. , Öztürk Z. Z. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMgxZn1‐xO (x=0.01‐0.3) nanoparticles were synthesized by the sol‐gel technique using solutions of Mg and Zn based organometalic compounds. The electrical properties of Mg doped zinc oxide (ZnO) were studied within wide temperature range from 300 to 500 K under the N2 gas flow (flow rate: 20 sccm) and in the frequency range from 40 Hz to 1 MHz for ac electrical measurements. The dc conductivities and the activation energies were found to be in the range of 10‐9‐10‐6 S/cm at the room temperature and 0.26‐0.86 eV respectively depending on doping rate of these samples. The ac conductivity was well represented by the power law Aωs. The conduction mechanism for all doped ZnO could be related to correlated barrier hopping (CBH) model. The complex impedance plots (Nyquist plot) showed the data points lying on a single semicircle, implying the response originated from a single capacitive element corresponding to the nanoparticle grains. The crystal structures of the MgxZn1‐xO nanoparticles were characterized using X‐ray diffraction. The calculated average particle sizes values of Zn1‐xMgxO samples are found between 29.72 and 22.43 nm using the Sherrer equation. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)