bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and outcomes of cancer patients admitted to intensive care units in cancer specialized hospitals in China
Authors: Liu Wensheng , Zhou Dongmin , Zhang Li , Huang Mingguang , Quan Rongxi , Xia Rui , Ye Yong , Zhang Guoxing , Shen Zhuping ,   the Cancer Critical Care Medicine Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Standard intensive care unit (ICU) admission policies and treatment strategies for patients with cancer are still lacking. To depict the current status of admission, characteristics, and outcomes of patients with cancer in the ICU.

Methods
A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed from May 10, 2021 to July 10, 2021, in the ICU departments of 37 cancer-specialized hospitals in China. Clinical records of all admitted patients aged ≥ 14 years and ICU duration > 24 h with complete data were included. Demographic information, clinical history, severity score at admission, ICU critical condition diagnosis and treatment, ICU and in-hospital outcomes and 90 days survival were also collected. A total of 1455 patients were admitted and stayed for longer than 24 h. The most common primary cancer diagnoses included lung, colorectal, esophageal, and gastric cancer.

Results
Patients with lung cancer were admitted more often because of worsening complications that occurred in the clinical ward. However, other cancer patients may be more likely to be admitted to the ICU because of postoperative care. ICU-admitted patients with lung or esophageal cancer tended to have more ICU complications. Patients with lung cancer had a poor overall survival prognosis, whereas patients with colorectal cancer appeared to benefit the most according to 90 days mortality rates.

Conclusion
Patients with lung cancer require more ICU care due to critical complications and the overall survival prognosis is poor. Colorectal cancer may benefit more from ICU management. This information may be considered in ICU admission and treatment strategies.
Prevotella intermedia boosts OSCC progression through ISG15 upregulation: a new target for intervention
Authors: Qin Yao , Li Zhiyuan , Liu Ting , Ma Jingjing , Liu Hong , Zhou Yifan , Wang Shuai , Zhang Lei , Peng Qiao , Ye Pei , Duan Ning , Wang Wenmei , Wang Xiang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Periodontitis-associated bacteria, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum, are closely linked to the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Emerging studies have indicated that another common periodontal pathogen, Prevotella intermedia (P. intermedia), is enriched in OSCC and could affect the occurrence and progression of OSCC. Our aim is to determine the effects of P. intermedia on the progression of OSCC and the role of antibiotics in reversing these effects.

Methods
In this study, a murine xenograft model of OSCC was established, and the mice were injected intratumorally with PBS (control group), P. intermedia (P.i group), or P. intermedia combined with an antibiotic cocktail administration (P.i + ABX group), respectively. The effects of P. intermedia and ABX administration on xenograft tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis were investigated by tumor volume measurement and histopathological examination. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to investigate the changes in serum cytokine levels. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was adopted to analyze the alterations in the levels of inflammatory cytokines and infiltrated immune cells in OSCC tissues of xenograft tumors. Transcriptome sequencing and analysis were conducted to determine differential expression genes among various groups.

Results
Compared with the control treatment, P. intermedia treatment significantly promoted tumor growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis, markedly affected the levels of inflammatory cytokines, and markedly altered M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells (Tregs) infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. However, ABX administration clearly abolished these effects of P. intermedia. Transcriptome and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that P. intermedia infection increased the expression of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15). Correlation analysis indicated that the expression level of ISG15 was positively correlated with the Ki67 expression level, microvessel density, serum concentrations and tissue expression levels of inflammatory cytokines, and quantities of infiltrated M2 macrophages and Tregs. However, it is negatively correlated with the quantities of infiltrated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

Conclusion
In conclusion, intratumoral P. intermedia infection aggravated OSCC progression, which may be achieved through upregulation of ISG15. This study sheds new light on the possible pathogenic mechanism of intratumoral P. intermedia in OSCC progression, which could be a prospective target for OSCC prevention and treatment.
Private measures, random walks, and synthetic data
Authors: Boedihardjo March , Strohmer Thomas , Vershynin Roman 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDifferential privacy is a mathematical concept that provides an information-theoretic security guarantee. While differential privacy has emerged as a de facto standard for guaranteeing privacy in data sharing, the known mechanisms to achieve it come with some serious limitations. Utility guarantees are usually provided only for a fixed, a priori specified set of queries. Moreover, there are no utility guarantees for more complex—but very common—machine learning tasks such as clustering or classification. In this paper we overcome some of these limitations. Working with metric privacy, a powerful generalization of differential privacy, we develop a polynomial-time algorithm that creates a private measure from a data set. This private measure allows us to efficiently construct private synthetic data that are accurate for a wide range of statistical analysis tools. Moreover, we prove an asymptotically sharp min-max result for private measures and synthetic data in general compact metric spaces, for any fixed privacy budget $$\varepsilon $$
ε
bounded away from zero. A key ingredient in our construction is a new superregular random walk, whose joint distribution of steps is as regular as that of independent random variables, yet which deviates from the origin logarithmically slowly.
The last 1100 years of activity of La Fossa caldera, Vulcano Island (Italy): new insights into stratigraphy, chronology, and landscape evolution
Authors: Di Traglia Federico , Pistolesi Marco , Bonadonna Costanza , Rosi Mauro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA detailed study of past eruptive activity is crucial to understanding volcanic systems and associated hazards. We present a meticulous stratigraphic analysis, a comprehensive chronological reconstruction, thorough tephra mapping, and a detailed analysis of the interplay between primary and secondary volcanic processes of the post-900 AD activity of La Fossa caldera, including the two main systems of La Fossa volcano and Vulcanello cones (Vulcano Island, Italy). Our analyses demonstrate how the recent volcanic activity of La Fossa caldera is primarily characterized by effusive and Strombolian activity and Vulcanian eruptions, combined with sporadic sub-Plinian events and both impulsive and long-lasting phreatic explosions, all of which have the capacity to severely impact the entire northern sector of Vulcano island. We document a total of 30 eruptions, 25 from the La Fossa volcano and 5 from Vulcanello cones, consisting of ash to lapilli deposits and fields of ballistic bombs and blocks. Volcanic activity alternated with significant erosional phases and volcaniclastic re-sedimentation. Large-scale secondary erosion processes occur in response to the widespread deposition of fine-grained ash blankets, both onto the active cone of La Fossa and the watersheds conveying their waters into the La Fossa caldera. The continuous increase in ground height above sea level, particularly in the western sector of the caldera depression where key infrastructure is situated, is primarily attributed to long-term alluvial processes. We demonstrate how a specific methodological approach is key to the characterization and hazard assessment of low-to-high intensity volcanic activity, where tephra is emitted over long time periods and is intercalated with phases of erosion and re-sedimentation.
Inductive Freeness of Ziegler’s Canonical Multiderivations
Authors: Hoge Torsten , Röhrle Gerhard 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Let

$${{\mathscr {A}}}$$

A

be a free hyperplane arrangement. In 1989, Ziegler showed that the restriction

$${{\mathscr {A}}}''$$

A

′
′

of

$${{\mathscr {A}}}$$

A

to any hyperplane endowed with the natural multiplicity

$$\kappa $$

κ

is then a free multiarrangement

$$({{\mathscr {A}}}'',\kappa )$$

(

A

′
′

,
κ
)

. The aim of this paper is to prove an analogue of Ziegler’s theorem for the stronger notion of inductive freeness: if

$${{\mathscr {A}}}$$

A

is inductively free, then so is the multiarrangement

$$({{\mathscr {A}}}'',\kappa )$$

(

A

′
′

,
κ
)

. In a related result we derive that if a deletion

$${{\mathscr {A}}}'$$

A

′

of

$${{\mathscr {A}}}$$

A

is free and the corresponding restriction

$${{\mathscr {A}}}''$$

A

′
′

is inductively free, then so is

$$({{\mathscr {A}}}'',\kappa )$$

(

A

′
′

,
κ
)

—irrespective of the freeness of

$${{\mathscr {A}}}$$

A

. In addition, we show counterparts of the latter kind for additive and recursive freeness.
Effects of empagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease from Japan: exploratory analyses from EMPA–KIDNEY
Authors: Nangaku Masaomi , Herrington William G. , Goto Shinya , Maruyama Shoichi , Kashihara Naoki , Ueki Kohjiro , Wada Jun , Watada Hirotaka , Nakashima Eitaro , Lee Ryonfa , Massey Dan , Mayne Kaitlin J. , Tomita Aiko , Haynes Richard , Hauske Sibylle J. , Kadowaki Takashi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
EMPA–KIDNEY assessed the effects of empagliflozin 10 mg once daily vs. placebo in 6609 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at risk of progression, including 612 participants from Japan.

Methods
Eligibility required an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of ≥ 20 < 45; or ≥ 45 < 90 ml/min/1.73m2 with a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR) of ≥ 200 mg/g. The primary outcome was a composite of kidney disease progression (end-stage kidney disease, a sustained eGFR decline to < 10 ml/min/1.73m2 or ≥ 40% from randomization, or renal death) or cardiovascular death. In post-hoc analyses, we explored the effects of empagliflozin in participants from Japan vs. non-Japan regions, including additional models assessing whether differences in treatment effects between these regions could result from differences in baseline characteristics.

Results
Japanese participants had higher levels of albuminuria and eGFR than those from non-Japan regions. During a median of 2.0 year follow-up, a primary outcome occurred in 432 patients (13.1%) in the empagliflozin group and in 558 patients (16.9%) in the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.72, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 0.64–0.82; P < 0.0001). Among the participants from non-Japan regions, there were 399 vs. 494 primary outcomes (0.75, 0.66–0.86), and 33 vs. 64 (0.49, 0.32–0.75; heterogeneity p = 0.06) in Japan. Results were similar when models explicitly considered treatment interactions with diabetes status, categories of eGFR/uACR, and recruitment in Japan (heterogeneity p = 0.08). Safety outcomes were broadly comparable between the two groups, and by Japanese status.

Conclusions
Empagliflozin safely reduced the risk of “kidney disease progression or cardiovascular death” in patients with CKD, with consistent effects in participants from Japan.
Effects of 1-week inpatient multidisciplinary care for chronic kidney disease prior to outpatient collaborative care
Authors: Okuno Natsuko , Kado Hiroshi , Segawa Hiroyoshi , Hatta Tsuguru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Multidisciplinary care for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has been reported to be effective in preventing deterioration of renal function and avoiding hemodialysis induction using a central venous catheter.

Methods
We included 171 patients who received dialysis at our department between October 2014 and June 2017. Patients were divided into two groups: an inpatient group who received inpatient multidisciplinary care for CKD (educational hospitalization) prior to outpatient collaborative care from their family physician and nephrologist, and a non-inpatient group who did not receive such care. We compared factors related to dialysis induction.

Results
There was no significant difference in eGFR between the groups at the start of observation. The mean time from the start of observation to dialysis induction (inpatient group vs. non-inpatient group; 40.8 ± 2.8 vs. 23.9 ± 3.0 months, respectively; P < 0.001) and the rate of hemodialysis induction using a central venous catheter (22.5 vs. 47.1%, respectively; P = 0.002) were significantly different between the groups. Survival analysis showed that the time to dialysis induction was significantly longer in the inpatient group (P = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that educational hospitalization (odds ratio = 0.30 [95% CI 0.13, 0.67]) was significantly associated with hemodialysis induction using a central venous catheter.

Conclusion
Educational hospitalization prior to outpatient collaborative care is beneficial for preventing hemodialysis induction using a central venous catheter and postponing dialysis induction.
Circulating galectin-3 level association with cardiovascular risk factors during peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Yang Xuerui , Yang Jun , Zeng Youjia , Peng Ling , Liu Xingzheng , Mo Jinying , Wang Taifen , Yao Yutong , Zheng Yihou , Song Gaofeng 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objective
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the primary cause of mortality in patients afflicted with end-stage renal disease and undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a molecule known to exhibit a correlation with CVD mortality garners considerable interest. The objective of this study was to explore the potential association between serum Gal-3 levels and other CVD risk factors among PD patients.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 114 PD patients with a minimum of 3 months of PD treatment were enrolled. Serum Gal-3 levels were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data of patients with Gal-3 levels higher and lower than 26.744 pg/ml were compared using Mann–Whitney U tests or t tests. Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation analysis and multivariate regression were used to assess the associations between the known risk factors for CVD and Gal-3.

Results
In comparison to the inter-group baseline data, the low Gal-3 group exhibited a higher glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Gal-3 levels correlate positively with PD duration, B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), interventricular septal thickness in diastolic (IVST), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Conversely, Gal-3 exhibited a negative correlation with albumin levels. Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between Gal-3 levels and BNP, GDF-15, PD duration, IVST and LVMI. Gal-3 levels were negatively correlated with albumin levels.

Conclusions
Gal-3 was strongly associated with BNP, GDF-15, IVST and LVMI in patients undergoing PD treatment. Prospective studies should be carried out to determine whether Gal-3 can be a promising biomarker in predicting increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events in PD patients.
Healthcare resource utilisation and direct medical cost for individuals with 5q spinal muscular atrophy in Sweden
Authors: Sejersen Thomas , Graham Sophie , Ekström Anne-Berit , Kroksmark Anna-Karin , Kwiatkowska Marta , Ganz Michael L. , Justo Nahila , Gertow Karl , Simpson Alex 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare, progressive, neuromuscular disorder. Recent advances in treatment require an updated assessment of burden to inform reimbursement decisions.

Objectives
To quantify healthcare resource utilisation (HCRU) and cost of care for patients with SMA.

Methods
Cohort study of patients with SMA identified in the Swedish National Patient Registry (2007–2018), matched to a reference cohort grouped into four SMA types (1, 2, 3, unspecified adult onset [UAO]). HCRU included inpatient admissions, outpatient visits, procedures, and dispensed medications. Direct medical costs were estimated by multiplying HCRU by respective unit costs. Average annual HCRU and medical costs were modelled for SMA versus reference cohorts to estimate differences attributable to the disease (i.e., average treatment effect estimand). The trajectory of direct costs over time were assessed using synthetic cohorts.

Results
We identified 290 SMA patients. Annualised HCRU was higher in SMA patients compared with reference cohorts. Highest risk ratios were observed for inpatient overnight stays for type 1 (risk ratio [RR]: 29.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 16.0, 53.5) and type 2 (RR: 23.3; 95% CI: 16.4,33.1). Mean annual direct medical costs per patient for each year since first diagnosis were greatest for type 1 (€114,185 and SMA-attributable: €113,380), type 2 (€61,876 and SMA-attributable: €61,237), type 3 (€45,518 and SMA-attributable: €44,556), and UAO (€4046 and SMA-attributable: €2098). Costs were greatest in the 2–3 years after the first diagnosis for all types.

Discussion and conclusion
The economic burden attributable to SMA is significant. Further research is needed to understand the burden in other European countries and the impact of new treatments.
Polyharmonic hypersurfaces into complex space forms
Authors: Balado-Alves José Miguel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe characterize homogeneous hypersurfaces in complex space forms which arise as critical points of a higher order energy functional. As a consequence, we obtain existence and non-existence results for $$\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^n$$

C

P

n

and $$\mathbb{C}\mathbb{H}^n$$

C

H

n

, respectively. Moreover, we study the stability of biharmonic hypersurfaces and compute the normal index for a large family of solutions.
Application High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography with Controlled Eluent Velocity to Determine Fingerprints of Various Poplar Species Buds Extracts: Optimization of Operating Variables
Authors: Hałka-Grysińska Aneta , Polak Beata , Warianek Dominika , Pobłocka-Olech Loretta , Krauze-Baranowska Mirosława , Dzido Tadeusz H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study used the prototype device enabling the development of isocratic and gradient thin-layer chromatograms with controlled eluent velocity to obtain fingerprints of extracts from buds of various poplar species. This equipment can deliver an eluent to virtually any place on the adsorbent layer of the chromatographic plate. Moreover, the composition of a mobile phase can be easily modified even when the chromatogram is developing. This paper shows the effect of various operating variables of the prototype in a normal phase system, e.g., eluent velocity and composition, on the chromatographic behavior of the mixture. The prototype’s results were compared to conventional TLC development in horizontal DS chambers. The UV light (366 nm) was used to detect the solute zones and document both systems. The results prove that the prototype device has great potential in plant material standardization. The mobile phase gradient improves the separation of the bands of strongly retained solutes. Additionally, this fact does not enhance the blurring of low-retained bands.
Adaptive hybrid local–global sampling for fast informed sampling-based optimal path planning
Authors: Faroni Marco , Pedrocchi Nicola , Beschi Manuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper improves the performance of RRT$$^*$$

∗

-like sampling-based path planners by combining admissible informed sampling and local sampling (i.e., sampling the neighborhood of the current solution). An adaptive strategy regulates the trade-off between exploration (admissible informed sampling) and exploitation (local sampling) based on online rewards from previous samples. The paper demonstrates that the algorithm is asymptotically optimal and has a better convergence rate than state-of-the-art path planners (e.g., Informed-RRT$$^*$$

∗

) in several simulated and real-world scenarios. An open-source, ROS-compatible implementation of the algorithm is publicly available.
A pre-whitening with block-bootstrap cross-correlation procedure for temporal alignment of data sampled by eddy covariance systems
Authors: Vitale Domenico , Fratini Gerardo , Helfter Carole , Hortnagl Lukas , Kohonen Kukka-Maaria , Mammarella Ivan , Nemitz Eiko , Nicolini Giacomo , Rebmann Corinna , Sabbatini Simone , Papale Dario 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe eddy covariance (EC) method is a standard micrometeorological technique for monitoring the exchange rate of the main greenhouse gases across the interface between the atmosphere and ecosystems. One of the first EC data processing steps is the temporal alignment of the raw, high frequency measurements collected by the sonic anemometer and gas analyser. While different methods have been proposed and are currently applied, the application of the EC method to trace gases measurements highlighted the difficulty of a correct time lag detection when the fluxes are small in magnitude. Failure to correctly synchronise the time series entails a systematic error on covariance estimates and can introduce large uncertainties and biases in the calculated fluxes. This work aims at overcoming these issues by introducing a new time lag detection procedure based on the assessment of the cross-correlation function (CCF) between variables subject to (i) a pre-whitening based on autoregressive filters and (ii) a resampling technique based on block-bootstrapping. Combining pre-whitening and block-bootstrapping facilitates the assessment of the CCF, enhancing the accuracy of time lag detection between variables with correlation of low order of magnitude (i.e. lower than $$-1$$

-
1

) and allowing for a proper estimate of the associated uncertainty. We expect the proposed procedure to significantly improve the temporal alignment of the EC time-series measured by two physically separate sensors, and to be particularly beneficial in centralised data processing pipelines of research infrastructures (e.g. the Integrated Carbon Observation System, ICOS-RI) where the use of robust and fully data-driven methods, like the one we propose, constitutes an essential prerequisite.