bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VEGF serum concentrations in patients with long bone fractures: A comparison between impaired and normal fracture healing
Authors: Sarahrudi Kambiz , Thomas Anita , Braunsteiner Tomas , Wolf Harald , Vécsei Vilmos , Aharinejad Seyedhossein 
Published: April 2009

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in the bone repair process as a potent mediator of angiogenesis and it influences directly osteoblast differentiation. Inhibiting VEGF suppresses angiogenesis and callus mineralization in animals. However, no data exist so far on systemic expression of VEGF with regard to delayed or failed fracture healing in humans. One hundred fourteen patients with long bone fractures were included in the study. Serum samples were collected over a period of 6 months following a standardized time schedule. VEGF serum concentrations were measured. Patients were assigned to one of two groups according to their course of fracture healing. The first group contained 103 patients with physiological fracture healing. Eleven patients with delayed or nonunions formed the second group of the study. In addition, 33 healthy volunteers served as controls. An increase of VEGF serum concentration within the first 2 weeks after fracture in both groups with a following decrease within 6 months after trauma was observed. Serum VEGF concentrations in patients with impaired fracture healing were higher compared to the patients with physiological healing during the entire observation period. However, statistically significant differences were not observed at any time point between both groups. VEGF concentrations in both groups were significantly higher than those in controls. The present results show significantly elevated serum concentrations of VEGF in patients after fracture of long bones especially at the initial healing phase, indicating the importance of VEGF in the process of fracture healing in humans. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1293–1297, 2009
Coherent anti‐Stokes Raman micro‐spectroscopy using spectral focusing: theory and experiment
Authors: Langbein Wolfgang , Rocha‐Mendoza Israel , Borri Paola 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCoherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy using linearly chirped femtosecond laser pulses and spectrally and time‐integrated detection is discussed both theoretically and experimentally. By matching the linear chirp of Stokes and pump pulses, the spectral resolution is reduced to the Fourier limit of the chirped pulse duration (spectral focusing). We discuss the effect of the time‐ordering of Pump and Stokes pulses on the signal strength and selectivity, and give analytical expressions for the relevant quantities. We consider linear chirp obtained by glass elements of known group‐velocity dispersion, and analyze the limit of the spectral resolution by higher order glass dispersion. Experiments corroborating the theory are presented, using 100 fs laser pulses, SF57 glass elements, and polystyrene beads as test samples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A study of collective motions in liquid tert‐butanol from low‐wavenumber Raman scattering
Authors: Sassi P. , Paolantoni M. , Perticaroli S. , Palombo F. , Morresi A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe collective properties of liquid tert‐butyl alcohol (TBA) were analysed by low‐wavenumber Raman (LWR) scattering spectroscopy. Vibrational and relaxation phenomena of this H‐bonding system were assessed in pure liquid phase at different temperatures in the 15–70 °C range, and in solution with 2,2′‐dimethyl butane (2,2′‐DMB) and water as a function of composition in the 0.7⩽xTBA⩽0.9 range at constant temperature (T = 25 °C). The LWR spectrum of pure TBA (below 150 cm−1) was expressed by the dynamical (or Raman) susceptibility ???? and reproduced by curve fitting using three functional forms. The high‐wavenumber band, whose intensity is poorly dependent on the temperature, was assigned to the ultrafast librational mode; the remaining components with an intensity that increased with temperature were attributed to relaxation dynamics in the range of picosecond (‘slow’ 3 ps) and sub‐picosecond (‘fast’, 0.4 ps) timescales. Adding 2,2′‐DMB to TBA had no significant effect on the intermolecular interactions in alcohol‐rich solutions, with almost unchanged LWR scattering features. On the other hand, water added to TBA determined an increase in interactions, similar to the effect of a temperature decrease in pure liquid alcohol; this was clearly depicted by the LWR profiles. Moreover, through the analysis of the OH stretching bands of water in solution, the confinement of aqueous pools in the hydrophilic spaces of alcohol‐rich solutions was confirmed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Responses of intake, digestibility and nitrogen utilisation in goats fed low‐quality roughages supplemented with tree foliages
Authors: Patra Amlan K 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: A meta‐analysis of data containing 127 different dietary treatments with 593 goats from 30 published studies was performed to explain the effects of foliage supplementation to low‐quality roughages on intake, digestibility and N utilisation in goats.RESULTS: Basal dry matter (DM) intake decreased linearly with increasing foliage level (FL) in diets and foliage crude protein (CP) intake, whereas total DM intake increased linearly with increasing FL and CP intake from foliages and quadratically with increasing concentration of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) in foliages. The digestibility of DM and CP increased linearly with increasing FL and CP concentration in basal roughages and foliage CP intake. The greater concentration of NDF in foliages and roughages decreased CP digestibility linearly. Intakes of digestible DM and CP increased quadratically with increasing FL, with plateau levels of 36.4 and 5.52 g kg−1 (body weight)0.75 in response to 490 and 740 g kg−1 FL respectively. Faecal N, urinary N and N retention increased linearly with increasing FL and foliage CP intake.CONCLUSION: Responses of goats fed basal roughages supplemented with foliages are influenced by the quality and quantity of foliages and quality of roughages. Up to 490 g kg−1 FL can be incorporated in diets for better feed utilisation and animal performance, beyond which nutrient utilisation may be adversely affected. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Long‐term follow‐up results of fertility sparing surgery in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Anchezar Juan P. , Sardi Juan , Soderini Alejandro 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveTo assess clinical and obstetric outcome in young patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with fertility sparing surgery.MethodsEighteen patients younger than 40 years carrying epithelial ovarian tumors were submitted to fertility sparing surgery between 1988 and 2003. Disease‐free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Statistical analysis was performed with the χ2 test.ResultsDisease free survival (DFS) 83.3% and overall survival (OS) 94.4% of patients treated with conservative surgery at 10 years. Up to date, six of seven patients who attempted pregnancy delivered seven healthy newborns.ConclusionConservative surgery in young women with epithelial ovarian cancer is an appropriate therapeutic option in patients who wish to preserve childbearing potential. Long‐term follow‐up results shows excellent overall survival and pregnancy results. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:55–58. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preoperative prediction of poorly differentiated components in small‐sized hepatocellular carcinoma for safe local ablation therapy
Authors: Imai Katsunori , Beppu Toru , Nakayama Yoshiharu , Ishiko Takatoshi , Horino Kei , Komori Hiroyuki , Masuda Toshiro , Hayashi Hiromitsu , Okabe Hirohisa , Baba Yoshihumi , Watanabe Masayuki , Takamori Hiroshi , Awai Kazuo , Yamashita Yasuyuki , Baba Hideo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundPoorly differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a malignant potential such as frequent microvascular invasion even if the tumor is smaller than 3 cm in diameter. The aim of this study was to clarify the preoperative predictors of poorly differentiated HCC for safe local ablation therapy.MethodsSixty‐six patients underwent a hepatic resection for solitary small‐sized HCC (≤3 cm) were included in this study. According to the postoperative histological examination, the patients were divided into a “poorly differentiated group” (n = 17) and a “well/moderately differentiated group” (n = 49). This study investigated the clinicopathological factors and imaging findings, and elucidated the predictive factors of the poorly differentiated type.ResultsIn a univariate analysis, serum hepatitis B surface antigen positive, hepatitis C virus antibody negative, alpha‐fetoprotein level, des‐γ‐carboxy prothrombin level, and a high contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) in T2‐weighted MR imaging were significantly associated with the poorly differentiate type. In a multivariate analysis, a high CNR in T2‐weighted MR imaging was the only independent predictor of the poorly differentiated type. In the postoperative pathological findings, portal vein invasion and intrahepatic metastasis were significantly frequent in the poorly differentiated group.ConclusionsThe CNR in T2‐weighted MR imaging is a useful tool to predict poorly differentiated HCC preoperatively. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:121–126. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of zinc supplementation on the survival of patients who received concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy for advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Follow‐up of a double‐blind randomized study with subgroup analysis
Authors: Lin Yung‐Song , Lin Li‐Ching , Lin Shih‐Wei 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Dietary zinc has been reported to have positive effects on treating carcinoma. This study examined the effects of zinc supplementation on the improved survival of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CCRT).Study Design:A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical study with subgroup analysis.Methods:Thirty‐four patients with stages III and IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma were selected from a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical study. All the patients were randomized to receive a standard dose (75 mg/day for 2 months) of zinc supplements or placebo, in conjunction with CCRT. The overall local recurrence, metastasis, and disease‐free survivals were defined as the period between the time of first treatment to the time of death, local recurrence, or distant metastases occurred.Results:Patients in the experimental group exhibited a higher 5‐year overall local‐free and disease‐free survival rate than the patients in the placebo group (P = .044, P = .007, and P = .033, respectively). However, no significant differences were found between both patient groups for the 5‐year metastases‐free survival rate (P = .149).Conclusions:Zinc supplementation prescribed in conjunction with CCRT effects attenuating local tumor recurrence and improves the overall survival of patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The failure to reduce distant metastasis survival might have been related in part to the more advanced disease stages in our patients. Laryngoscope, 2009
Looking toward basic science for potential drug discovery targets against community‐associated MRSA
Authors: Otto Michael 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe difficulties to find a conventional vaccine against Staphylococcus aureus and the increasing resistance of S. aureus to many antibiotics demand the exploration of novel therapeutic options, such as by targeting virulence determinants and using specific antibodies in an antitoxin‐like approach. Community‐associated methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (CA‐MRSA) strains have recently emerged predominantly in the US, causing epidemic outbreaks of mostly skin and soft tissue infections, but also more dramatic and sometimes fatal diseases. MRSA is now the most frequent cause of death by a single infectious agent in the US. The fact that, at least in the US, CA‐MRSA infections are almost entirely due to one sequence type, USA300, gives researchers a novel, unique chance to focus on one clone in their efforts to analyze pathogenesis in a clinically important S. aureus. While the molecular underpinnings of the exceptional virulence and transmissibility of USA300 are not yet well understood, recent findings indicate that increased expression of widespread virulence determinants and acquisition of mobile genetic elements have to be considered. Delineating the relative importance of virulence determinants in USA300 and other important clinical strains is a key endeavor needed to develop a potential antitoxin for CA‐MRSA disease. Published 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 1, 1–22, 2010
A new protocol for complete phalloplasty with free sensate and prelaminated osteofasciocutaneous flaps: Experience in 37 patients
Authors: Schaff Juergen , Papadopulos Nikolaos A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground:Herein, we present our latest protocol of following three operative stages for complete phalloplasty, applied in 37 female‐to‐male transsexuals: first, mastectomy, ovariohysterectomy, urethral lengthening, vaginectomy, colpocleisis, and neourethra prelamination; second, neophallus creation with free sensate osteofasciocutaneous fibula (n = 31) or radial forearm (n = 6) flap; and third, urethral connection, neoscrotum formation, and testicle prosthesis implantation.Results:Occasionally, wound healing disturbance and slight asymmetry of the breasts was observed, as well as colpocleisis revision needed. Partial flap necrosis took place in 6 patients, while 12 presented urethral stricture and 6 a fistula. Despite inferior neophallus sensibility, patients whose neophallus was created using fibula flap experienced better sexual intercourse. However, overall patients' satisfaction was superior.Conclusions:The applied protocol demonstrates the effectiveness of such a multistage and interdisciplinary approach for female‐to‐male transsexuals, offering an essential improvement of their quality of life, concerning their successful integration into the reassigned gender position in the society. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2009.
Postoperative monitoring of free vascularized bone grafts in reconstruction of bone defects
Authors: Pliefke Jenny , Rademacher Grit , Zach Alexander , Bauwens Kai , Ekkernkamp Axel , Eisenschenk Andreas 
Published: April 2009

AbstractVascularized bone transfer is increasingly recognized as a very useful and versatile technique for reconstructing large bone defects. It is especially indicated in patients with challenging conditions, such as nonunions, postoncologic resections, severe trauma, and congenital defects. With increasing experience of reconstructive surgeons, improved microsurgical techniques, and more enhanced flaps, the failure rate of free flaps has been reduced in the last decades. Especially, the early‐postoperative period is decisive in the outcome of surgery. Several techniques have been described for monitoring the postoperative viability of microsurgical free vascularized graft, and their sensitivity and reliability continues to be the object of animal experiments and clinical trials. The qualities of an optimal monitoring device should be objective, continuous, noninvasive, safe, reproducible, easily managed, and interpretable for the nursing staff, inexpensive, and a clear indicator of changes in arterial and venous circulation. Presently, no one neither fulfills all of the criteria completely nor is uniformly accepted. In this article, relative advantages and disadvantages of these various postoperative monitoring techniques are discussed. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2009.
Perineal and posterior vaginal wall reconstruction with superior and inferior gluteal artery perforator flaps
Authors: Wagstaff Marcus J. D. , Rozen Warren M. , Whitaker Iain S. , Enajat Morteza , Audolfsson Thorir , Acosta Rafael 
Published: April 2009

AbstractPerineal and posterior vaginal wall reconstruction following abdominoperineal and local cancer resection entails replacement of volume between the perineum and sacrum and restoration of a functional vagina. Ideal local reconstructive options include those which avoid functional muscle sacrifice, do not interfere with colostomy formation, and avoid the use of irradiated tissue. In avoiding the donor site morbidity of other options, we describe a fasciocutaneous option for the reconstruction of the perineum and posterior vaginal wall. We present our technique of superior and inferior gluteal artery perforator (SGAP or IGAP) flaps to reconstruct such defects. Fourteen patients between 2004 and 2008 underwent 11 SGAP and three IGAP flaps. There were no flap failures or partial flap losses and no postoperative hernias. All female patients reported resumption of sexual intercourse following this procedure. Our experience in both the immediate and delayed setting is that this technique produces a good functional outcome with low donor‐site morbidity. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2009.
Derivatives of pyrazinecarboxylic acid: 1H, 13C and 15N NMR spectroscopic investigations
Authors: Holzer Wolfgang , Eller Gernot A. , Datterl Barbara , Habicht Daniela 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNMR spectroscopic studies are undertaken with derivatives of 2‐pyrazinecarboxylic acid. Complete and unambiguous assignment of chemical shifts (1H, 13C, 15N) and coupling constants (1H,1H; 13C,1H; 15N,1H) is achieved by combined application of various 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques. Unequivocal mapping of 13C,1H spin coupling constants is accomplished by 2D (δ,J) long‐range INEPT spectra with selective excitation. Phenomena such as the tautomerism of 3‐hydroxy‐2‐pyrazinecarboxylic acid are discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nepetanal and nepetanoate: a new diterpene aldehyde and a benzene derivative ester from Nepeta juncea
Authors: Hussain Javid , Jamila Nargis , Ullah Khan Farman , Prasad Devkota Krishna , Shah M. Raza , Anwar Saeed 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOne new tricyclic clerodane type diterpene aldehyde nepetanal (1) and one new benzene derivative nepetanoate (2) have been isolated from a plant Nepeta juncea together with two known compounds oleanolic acid (3) and ursolic acid (4). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by means of modern spectroscopic techniques and comparison with literature data. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments of four new oligosaccharides and two new glycosides from Periploca forrestii
Authors: Feng Jiaquan , Zhao Weimin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractFour new oligosaccharides (1–4), one new pregnane glycoside (5), and one new cardiac glycoside (6) were isolated from the roots of Periploca forrestii Schltr. (Asclepiadaceae), a traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and wounds. Their structures were characterized on the basis of extensive analysis of NMR (1H, 13C NMR, 1H‐1H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, TOCSY and ROESY) spectra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Algebraic analysis of two‐grid methods: The nonsymmetric case
Authors: Notay Yvan 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTwo‐grid methods constitute the building blocks of multigrid methods, which are among the most efficient solution techniques for solving large sparse systems of linear equations. In this paper, an analysis is developed that does not require any symmetry property. Several equivalent expressions are provided that characterize all eigenvalues of the iteration matrix. In the symmetric positive‐definite (SPD) case, these expressions reproduce the sharp two‐grid convergence estimate obtained by Falgout, Vassilevski and Zikatanov (Numer. Linear Algebra Appl. 2005; 12:471–494), and also previous algebraic bounds, which can be seen as corollaries of this estimate. These results allow to measure the convergence by checking ‘approximation properties’. In this work, proper extensions of the latter to the nonsymmetric case are presented. Sometimes approximation properties for the SPD case are summarized in loose terms; e.g.: Interpolation must be able to approximate an eigenvector with error bound proportional to the size of the eigenvalue (SIAM J. Sci. Comp. 2000; 22:1570–1592). It is shown that this can be applied to nonsymmetric problems too, understanding ‘size’ as ‘modulus’. Eventually, an analysis is developed, for the nonsymmetric case, of the theoretical foundations of ‘compatible relaxation’, according to which a Fine/Coarse partitioning may be checked and possibly improved. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐level additive Schwarz algorithms for nonlinear complementarity problem with an M‐function
Authors: Xu Hongru , Zeng Jinping , Sun Zhe 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNonlinear complementarity problem (NCP) is a wide class of problems. In this paper, some two‐level additive Schwarz algorithms for NCPs with an M‐function are developed and analyzed. The algorithms are proved to be convergent monotonically and can reach the solution of the problem within finite steps. They may also offer a possibility of making use of fast nonlinear solvers for solving the subproblems involved in the algorithms. Some preliminary numerical results are reported. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vibrations of an elastic structure with shunted piezoelectric patches: efficient finite element formulation and electromechanical coupling coefficients
Authors: Thomas O. , Deü J.‐F. , Ducarne J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis article is devoted to the numerical simulation of the vibrations of an elastic mechanical structure equipped with several piezoelectric patches, with applications for the control, sensing and reduction of vibrations. At first, a finite element formulation of the coupled electromechanical problem is introduced, whose originality is that provided a set of non‐restrictive assumptions, the system's electrical state is fully described by very few global discrete unknowns: only a couple of variables per piezoelectric patches, namely (1) the electric charge contained in the electrodes and (2) the voltage between the electrodes. The main advantages are (1) since the electrical state is fully discretized at the weak formulation step, any standard (elastic only) finite element formulation can be easily modified to include the piezoelectric patches (2) realistic electrical boundary conditions such that equipotentiality on the electrodes and prescribed global charges naturally appear (3) the global charge/voltage variables are intrinsically adapted to include any external electrical circuit into the electromechanical problem and to simulate shunted piezoelectric patches. The second part of the article is devoted to the introduction of a reduced‐order model (ROM) of the problem, by means of a modal expansion. This leads to show that the classical efficient electromechanical coupling factors (EEMCF) naturally appear as the main parameters that master the electromechanical coupling in the ROM. Finally, all the above results are applied in the case of a cantilever beam whose vibrations are reduced by means of a resonant shunt. A finite element formulation of this problem is described. It enables to compute the system EEMCF as well as its frequency response, which are compared with experimental results, showing an excellent agreement. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.