bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An evaluation of resampling methods for assessment of survival risk prediction in high‐dimensional settings
Authors: Subramanian Jyothi , Simon Richard 
Published: December 2010

AbstractResampling techniques are often used to provide an initial assessment of accuracy for prognostic prediction models developed using high‐dimensional genomic data with binary outcomes. Risk prediction is most important, however, in medical applications and frequently the outcome measure is a right‐censored time‐to‐event variable such as survival. Although several methods have been developed for survival risk prediction with high‐dimensional genomic data, there has been little evaluation of the use of resampling techniques for the assessment of such models. Using real and simulated datasets, we compared several resampling techniques for their ability to estimate the accuracy of risk prediction models. Our study showed that accuracy estimates for popular resampling methods, such as sample splitting and leave‐one‐out cross validation (Loo CV), have a higher mean square error than for other methods. Moreover, the large variability of the split‐sample and Loo CV may make the point estimates of accuracy obtained using these methods unreliable and hence should be interpreted carefully. Ak‐fold cross‐validation withk= 5 or 10 was seen to provide a good balance between bias and variability for a wide range of data settings and should be more widely adopted in practice. Published in 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First Coordination Polymer of 1,4‐Dihydro‐2,3‐Quinoxalinedione in Ketoamine Tautomeric Form
Authors: Shi Ling , Cai Bin , Huang Guang , Wu Jian‐Zhong , Yu Ying 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe first coordination compound of 1,4‐dihydro‐2,3‐quinoxalinedione in ketoamine tautomeric form (denoted as H2qdione) was reported. H2qdione was obtained by a solid‐state reaction of o‐phenylenediamine and oxalic acid. Reaction of this ligand with CdCl2 solvothermally yielded a coordination polymer [Cd(H2qdione)Cl2]n, which was structurally characterized by X‐ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Continuous Cd2Cl2 diamonds form a double‐sided comb with terminal H2qdione‐κ2O,O′ as the comb teeth. Interaction of these combs through very extensive π–π stacking, C–H···Cl, and N–H···Cl hydrogen bonds leads to a novel 3D architecture and significant enhancement of solid‐state luminescence of about 10 times compared to the free H2qdione ligand.
Which documentation for software maintenance?
Authors: de Souza Sergio Cozzetti B. , Anquetil Nicolas , de Oliveira Káthia M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSoftware engineering has been striving for years to improve the practice of software development and maintenance. Documentation has long been prominent on the list of recommended practices to improve development and help maintenance. Recently however, agile methods started to shake this view, arguing that the goal of the game is to produce software and that documentation is only useful as long as it helps to reach this goal.On the other hand, in the re-engineering field, people wish they could re-document useful legacy software so that they may continue maintain them or migrate them to new platform.In these two case, a crucial question arises: “How much documentation is enough?” In this article, we present the results of a survey of software maintainers to try to establish what documentation artifacts are the most important to them.
The impact of spatial data redundancy on SOLAP query performance
Authors: Siqueira Thiago Luís Lopes , Ciferri Cristina Dutra de Aguiar , Times Valéria Cesário , de Oliveira Anjolina Grisi , Ciferri Ricardo Rodrigues 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGeographic Data Warehouses (GDW) are one of the main technologies used in decision-making processes and spatial analysis, and the literature proposes several conceptual and logical data models for GDW. However, little effort has been focused on studying how spatial data redundancy affects SOLAP (Spatial On-Line Analytical Processing) query performance over GDW. In this paper, we investigate this issue. Firstly, we compare redundant and non-redundant GDW schemas and conclude that redundancy is related to high performance losses. We also analyze the issue of indexing, aiming at improving SOLAP query performance on a redundant GDW. Comparisons of the SB-index approach, the star-join aided by R-tree and the star-join aided by GiST indicate that the SB-index significantly improves the elapsed time in query processing from 25% up to 99% with regard to SOLAP queries defined over the spatial predicates of intersection, enclosure and containment and applied to roll-up and drill-down operations. We also investigate the impact of the increase in data volume on the performance. The increase did not impair the performance of the SB-index, which highly improved the elapsed time in query processing. Performance tests also show that the SB-index is far more compact than the star-join, requiring only a small fraction of at most 0.20% of the volume. Moreover, we propose a specific enhancement of the SB-index to deal with spatial data redundancy. This enhancement improved performance from 80 to 91% for redundant GDW schemas.
Ultrasonography‐guided hepatic tumor resection using a real‐time virtual sonography with indocyanine green navigation (with videos)
Authors: Kasuya Kazuhiko , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Kyo Bunsoh , Nagakawa Yuichi , Ikeda Takahisa , Mori Yasuharu , Wada Tatehiko , Suzuki Minako , Nagai Takeshi , Itoi Takao , Shimazu Motohide , Aoki Tatsuya , Tsuchida Akihiko 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPurposeFor hepatic tumors that cannot be identified on routine ultrasonography (US), we marked the target area using real‐time virtual sonography (RVS) with indocyanine green (ICG)–ethanol (1:100) during surgery, and performed hepatic resection while observing the fluorescence.ExperimentAn ICG–ethanol mixture locally injected into mouse liver was retained in the same area for more than 4 h. The same mixture locally injected into pig liver at a depth of 3 cm could be observed using an infrared camera.CaseAn ICG–ethanol mixture (500 μl) was locally injected under RVS guidance into a metastatic hepatic tumor that was visible only on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and hepatic resection was performed while Photodynamic Eye (PDE) images were being observed. The metastatic lesion (3 mm in diameter in a pathological specimen) could be successfully resected.ConclusionThis method was useful for resecting US‐invisible hepatic tumors.
Angelman syndrome: advancing the research frontier of neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Philpot Benjamin D. , Thompson Coral E. , Franco Lisa , Williams Charles A. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
This report is a meeting summary of the 2010 Angelman Syndrome Foundation's scientific symposium on the neuroscience of UBE3A. Angelman syndrome is characterized by loss of speech, severe developmental delay, seizures, and ataxia. These core symptoms are caused by maternal allele disruptions of a single gene—UBE3A. UBE3A encodes an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets certain proteins for proteasomal degradation. This biology has led to the expectation that the identification of Ube3a protein targets will lead to therapies for Angelman syndrome. The recent discovery of Ube3a substrates such as Arc (activity-regulated cytoskeletal protein) provides new insight into the mechanisms underlying the synaptic function and plasticity deficits caused by the loss of Ube3a. In addition to identifying Ube3a substrates, there have also been recent advances in understanding UBE3A's integrated role in the neuronal repertoire of genes and protein interactions. A developmental picture is now emerging whereby UBE3A gene dosage on chromosome 15 alters synaptic function, with deficiencies leading to Angelman syndrome and overexpression associated with classic autism symptomatology.
Application oriented connected dominating set-based cluster formation in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Anitha V. S. , Sebastian M. P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractClustering is a fundamental mechanism used in the design of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) protocols. The performance of WSNs can be improved by selecting the most suitable nodes to form a stable backbone structure with guaranteed network coverage. This paper proposes a base station-controlled centralized algorithm for static sensor networks and a distributed, weighted algorithm for dynamic sensor networks. The solutions are based on a (k,r)-Connected Dominating Set, which is suitable for cluster-based hierarchical routing. The clusterhead redundancy parameterkimproves reliability, the multi-hop parameterraddresses the scalability issue and the combined weight metric improves the network lifespan and reduces the number of re-affiliations. To create a stable and efficient backbone structure, the backbone sensor nodes are selected based on quality, which is a function of the residual battery power, node degree, transmission range, and mobility of the sensor nodes. Simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of both the algorithms in terms of the number of elements in the backbone structure, re-affiliation frequency, load balancing, network lifespan, and the power dissipation. The results establish the potential of these algorithms for use in WSNs.
On the energy exchange between resonant modes in nonlinear Schrödinger equations
Authors: Grébert Benoît , Villegas-Blas Carlos 
Published: December 2010

We consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation

i\psi _{t} = −\psi _{xx} \pm 2\mathrm{\cos }2x|\psi |^{2}\psi ,\:x \in S^{1},\:t \in \mathbb{R}

and we prove that the solution of this equation, with small initial datum

\psi (0,x) = \varepsilon (A\mathrm{\exp }(ix) + B\mathrm{\exp }(−ix))

, will periodically exchange energy between the Fourier modes

e^{ix}

and

e^{−ix}

as soon as

A^{2} \neq B^{2}

. This beating effect is described up to time of order

\varepsilon ^{−5/ 2}

while the frequency is of order

\varepsilon ^{2}

. We also discuss some generalizations.

Résumé
Nous considérons l'équation de Schödinger non linéaire

i\psi _{t} = −\psi _{xx} \pm 2\mathrm{\cos }2x|\psi |^{2}\psi ,\:x \in S^{1},\:t \in \mathbb{R}

et nous montrons la solution de cette équation ayant pour donnée initiale

\psi (0,x) = \varepsilon (A\mathrm{\exp }(ix) + B\mathrm{\exp }(−ix))

avec

ε

petit, va échanger périodiquement de l'énergie entre les modes de Fourier

e^{ix}

et

e^{−ix}

dès que

A^{2} \neq B^{2}

. Cet effet de battement, dont la période est de l'ordre de

\varepsilon ^{−2}

, est mis en évidence pour des temps de l'ordre de

\varepsilon ^{−5/ 2}

. Nous présentons aussi quelques généralisations.
Royal Naval visits to Tristan da Cunha 1852–1904: an annotated list
Authors: Stone Ian R. 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTFrom 1852 to 1904 the captains of Royal Naval vessels visiting Tristan da Cunha were generally expected to prepare reports on their visits and these were published, usually in British Government papers. These reports constitute a most significant group of primary sources for the history of the island and they also provide information concerning the attitudes of the captains of the vessels to the islanders and their society. An annotated list of these visits is presented.
Safe physical human–robot interaction of mobility assistance robots: evaluation index and control
Authors: Pervez Aslam , Ryu Jeha 
Published: December 2010

SUMMARYIndependent mobility is one of the major challenges for elderly. Assistive robots must guarantee user's safety. Existing methods to quantitatively express user's safety are not applicable to mobility assistance robots due to physical attachment. This paper proposes a danger index to estimate user's safety during mobility assistance. The formulation and validation of the index is achieved through extensive subjective and objective experimentation. A motion control method is also introduced that uses the proposed danger index for monitoring user's safety and initiating proper safety actions in case of danger. As an example, experimental results with SpiderBot-II are reported in this paper.
Product structures for Legendrian contact homology
Authors: CIVAN GOKHAN , KOPROWSKI PAUL , ETNYRE JOHN , SABLOFF JOSHUA M. , WALKER ALDEN 
Published: December 2010

AbstractLegendrian contact homology (LCH) is a powerful non-classical invariant of Legendrian knots. Linearization makes the LCH computationally tractable at the expense of discarding nonlinear (and non-commutative) information. To recover some of the nonlinear information while preserving computability, we introduce invariant cup and Massey products – and, more generally, anA∞structure – on the linearized LCH. We apply the products andA∞structure in three ways: to find infinite families of Legendrian knots that are not isotopic to their Legendrian mirrors, to reinterpret the duality theorem of the fourth author in terms of the cup product, and to recover higher-order linearizations of the LCH.
Molecular support for Pleistocene persistence of the continental Antarctic moss Bryum argenteum
Authors: Hills Simon F.K. , Stevens Mark I. , Gemmill Chrissen E.C. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe examined sequence variation of ITS and phy2 for Bryum argenteum from Antarctica, sub-Antarctic, New Zealand and Australia to understand better taxonomic delimitations and resolve relationships between these geographic regions. Bryum argenteum has been recorded as two species, B. argenteum and B. subrotundifolium, in all four regions with the latter now referred to as B. argenteum var. muticum. We found disagreement between taxon delimitations (based on morphology) and molecular markers. All continental Antarctic specimens consistently formed a monophyletic sister group that consisted of both morphologically identified B. argenteum varieties, separate to all non-Antarctic specimens (also consisting of both varieties). We suggest, contrary to previous records, that all continental Antarctic (Victoria Land) populations are referable to B. argenteum var. muticum, while sub-Antarctic, Australian and New Zealand populations included here are B. argenteum var. argenteum. Additionally, since there was less genetic diversity within Victoria Land, Antarctica, than observed between non-Antarctic samples, we suggest that this is, in part, due to a potentially lower rate of DNA substitution and isolation in northern and southern refugia within Victoria Land since the Pleistocene.
South Georgia: a key location for linking physiological capacity to distributional changes in response to climate change
Authors: Morley S.A. , Griffiths H.J. , Barnes D.K.A. , Peck L.S. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAntarctic marine invertebrates from the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) are generally stenothermal, with three-month survival and activity limits above the average maximum summer seawater temperature (1.0°C) of 1–6°C and 1–3°C respectively. For many of these species to survive the warmer maximum temperature at the sub-Antarctic island of South Georgia (5°C), they require either greater thermal flexibility, or must avoid the warmest water-masses. The mean depths and depth range of WAP gastropod and bivalve molluscs were compared with the mean depths of these same species at South Georgia; separated into water masses delimited by the 1°C isotherm at South Georgia, surface Antarctic water (SAW < 90 m), winter water (WW 90–150 m) and circumpolar deep water (CDW > 150 m). Bivalves in the SAW and CDW categories at the WAP were centred around the cooler WW (< 1.2°C) at South Georgia, with a narrower mean depth range for CDW bivalves. There was no difference in the average depth of gastropods, but a reduced depth range in the CDW. The apparent temperature limit to bivalve mean depths and not gastropods at South Georgia, suggests that further latitudinal comparisons could yield information on the underlying physiological mechanisms determining the range limits of Southern Ocean fauna.
Diversity ofLecidea(Lecideaceae, Ascomycota) species revealed by molecular data and morphological characters
Authors: Ruprecht Ulrike , Lumbsch H. Thorsten , Brunauer Georg , Green T.G. Allan , Türk Roman 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe diversity of lichens, especially crustose species, in continental Antarctica is still poorly known. To overcome difficulties with the morphology based species delimitations in these groups, we employed molecular data (nuclear ITS and mitochondrial SSU rDNA sequences) to test species boundaries within the genusLecidea.Sampling was done along a north–south transect at five different areas in the Ross Sea region (Cape Hallett, Botany Bay to Mount Suess, Taylor Valley, Darwin Area and Mount Kyffin). A total of 153 specimens were collected from 13 localities. Phylogenetic analyses also include specimens from other regions in Antarctica and non-Antarctic areas. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses agreed in placing the samples from continental Antarctica into four major groups. Based on this phylogenetic estimate, we restudied the micromorphology and secondary chemistry of these four clades to evaluate the use of these characters as phylogenetic discriminators. These clades are identified as the following speciesLecidea cancriformis,L. andersoniias well as the new speciesL. polypycnidophoraRuprecht & Türk sp. nov. and another previously unnamed clade of uncertain status, referred to asLecideasp. (L.UCR1).
Resolving environmental drivers of microbial community structure in Antarctic soils
Authors: Smith Julie L. , Barrett John E. , Tusnády Gábor , Rejtö Lídia , Cary S. Craig 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAntarctic soils are extremely cold, dry, and oligotrophic, yet harbour surprisingly high bacterial diversity. The severity of environmental conditions has constrained the development of multi-trophic communities, and species richness and distribution is thought to be driven primarily by abiotic factors. Sites in northern and southern Victoria Land were sampled for bacterial community structure and soil physicochemical properties in conjunction with the US and New Zealand Latitudinal Gradient Project. Bacterial community structure was determined using a high-resolution molecular fingerprinting method for 80 soil samples from Taylor Valley and Cape Hallett sites which are separated by five degrees of latitude and have distinct soil chemistry. Taylor Valley is part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, while Cape Hallett is the site of a penguin rookery and contains ornithogenic soils. The influence of soil moisture, pH, conductivity, ammonia, nitrate, total nitrogen and organic carbon on community structure was revealed using Spearman rank correlation, Mantel test, and principal components analysis. High spatial variability was detected in bacterial communities and community structure was correlated with soil moisture and pH. Both unique and shared bacterial community members were detected at Taylor Valley and Cape Hallett despite the considerable distance between the sites.
Summertime boundary layer winds over the Darwin–Hatherton glacial system, Antarctica: observed features and numerical analysis
Authors: Zawar-Reza Peyman , George Steve , Storey Bryan , Lawson Wendy 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThree temporary Automatic Weather Stations measured summertime surface layer climate over the Darwin–Hatherton Glacial system. These data were used to test a Polar optimized Weather Research and Forecasting model (Polar-WRF) simulation for December as a case study. Observations show differences in hourly averaged solar and net all-wave radiation between white ice and blue ice areas (BIAs). Although the down-welling solar radiation is higher over the white ice region, the net all-wave energy is higher over the BIA. Derived albedo for each surface type confirms that the blue ice areas have lower albedo. Also, the hourly averaged temperatures are higher at lower elevation stations, creating a gradient towards the Ross Ice Shelf. Analysis shows that there is a diurnal oscillation in strength and intensity of the katabatic wind. The two lower stations register a distinct reversal of wind direction in the early afternoon due to intrusion of an anabatic circulation. Anabatic winds are not prevalent further up the Darwin Glacier. A high-resolution Polar-WRF simulation as a case study shows good agreement with observations. The December 2008 case study is characterized by a strong south-westerly katabatic wind over Hatherton, whereas the flow over Lower Darwin was diurnally reversing. Polar-WRF shows that the katabatic front advanced and retreated periodically between Hatherton and Lower Darwin.
The environmental basis of ecosystem variability in Antarctica: research in the Latitudinal Gradient Project
Authors: Howard-Williams Clive , Hawes Ian , Gordon Shulamit 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAfter a decade of research, New Zealand’s Latitudinal Gradient Project (LGP) now includes primary sites from Cape Hallett (72°S) to the Darwin Glacier (80°S), while additional observations extend the latitudinal transect from 84°S to sub-Antarctic regions. The LGP has been structured around a hypothesis that, in a frigid continent, ice dynamics is the key ecosystem variable. For terrestrial environments, two aspects of ice dynamics appear to underlie much of the observed variability. Firstly, the aridity of the region makes the transition from ice to water a key ecological factor, and secondly, the legacy of ice dynamics dating as far back as the Pliocene is imprinted on biogeography. These factors operate at difference temporal and spatial scales and neither is monotonically related to latitude. Both are also complicated by meso-scale cross gradients of altitude and distance from the sea and micro-scale local variability. Whilst climate does vary on a broad-scale, differences within the northern and central parts of Victoria Land that the LGP has so far examined are insufficient to impose any overarching effect that can overwhelm these more local effects. The result is a multiple-scale patchwork of habitats and communities, more or less replicated across the transect, in which variability at any given latitude generally exceeds variability between latitudes. A lesser quantum of research has been directed at marine ecosystems, but here there is a similar picture of local variability dominating within the Ross Sea, with significant latitude-scale effects only emerging when transects are extended into maritime- and sub-Antarctic regions. It is implicit, but not specifically recognized in the LGP context, that a further confounding effect on the interpretation of ‘transect’ information is the multiple stressor concept that requires a simultaneous analysis of interacting (synergistic or antagonistic) factors and environmental responses. As the LGP continues to extend further south, climate is expected to become more extreme, and water availability may change sufficiently for loss of habitat and species diversity to occur. Here we discuss options for refining the LGP approach to optimize its potential for understanding variability, and the factors underpinning this, in the Ross Sea Sector.