bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and characterization of novel bio‐based polyamide 5.6 composites as sustainable alternatives to petroleum‐derived polyamide 6.6
Authors: Gülel Şebnem , Güvenilir Yüksel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the pursuit of sustainable solutions, this study investigates the potential of bio‐based polyamide 5.6 (PA56) as a promising alternative to petroleum‐derived polyamide 6.6 (PA66). Novel composites of PA56 and PA66 were prepared with the incorporation of glass fibers and flame retardant additives by twin screw extruder. Subsequently, these composites were subjected to comprehensive characterization to determine their performance. The physical, mechanical, rheological, thermal, and flammability properties of PA56 composites were investigated and compared with those of PA66 composites with the same formulations. This article aims to unveil the remarkable potential of bio‐based PA56 composites in industrial applications. The results showed that bio‐based PA56 exhibits comparable, and in some cases superior, performance to PA66 while offering the added advantage of environmental sustainability. The findings suggest that bio‐based polyamide 5.6 can serve as a sustainable alternative to petroleum‐derived polyamide 6.6, contributing to a greener future in industrial applications.Highlights
Bio‐based PA56 exhibits comparable properties to petroleum‐derived PA66.
Incorporation of glass fibers and flame retardants enhances the properties of PA56.
Findings propose PA56 as a sustainable alternative to PA66 in various applications.
Evolution of the cavity structure of HDPE/UHMWPE blends during cold stretching
Authors: Yun Sun , Pan Xuefeng , Zhang Feng , He Xuelian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe cavitation process of high‐performance HDPE/UHMWPE blends with a uniform dispersion of UHMWPE during cold stretching was investigated. It was observed that incorporating a small amount of UHMWPE into the HDPE matrix resin can serve as a nucleating agent, increasing the number of contact sites and accelerating the crystallization rate. This leads to the formation of thicker lamellar crystals and tethered molecules, ultimately enhancing the mechanical properties of the HDPE matrix. Furthermore, the relationship between the natural tensile ratio and strain‐hardening modulus was confirmed. Microstructural changes within the blends were also explored. As the drawing tangles in the middle, the cavities subsequently evolve by collapsing and merging to align parallel to the tensile direction, culminating in tensile damage forming a large crack in the final macroscopic form. As a result, the presence of more tethered molecules in the later stages of stretching inhibits further cavity growth.Highlights
The HDPE/UHMWPE blends were prepared by solution blending and ultrasound‐assisted twin‐screw extrusion.
The mechanisms underlying the formation and evolution of cavities in HDPE/UHMWPE blends, which lead to stress whitening during tensile damage, were examined by using DSC and SAXS/WAXD.
The relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties was analyzed by cold‐drawing the molded blended sheets at room temperature.
Termolecular Eley–Rideal pathway for catalytic oxidation of nitric oxide on [Pt2]0,± dimers using O2
Authors: Biswakarma Nishant , Sarma Plaban Jyoti , Neog Shilpa , Dutta Priyanka , Dowerah Dikshita , Baruah Satyajit Dey , Gour Nand Kishor , Deka Ramesh Chandra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA comprehensive density functional theory (DFT) investigation of the catalytic oxidation of NO to NO2 on neutral and charged [Pt2]0,± dimers has been considered employing M06L/def2TZVP level of theory. Single as well as co‐adsorption energies of NO and O2 molecules suggest that the traditional Langmuir Hinshelwood (LH) mechanism and less explored termolecular Eley–Rideal (TER) and termolecular Langmuir Hinshelwood (TLH) mechanisms, are suitable for a full catalytic reaction pathway in which two NO molecules are converted to two NO2 molecules, initiated by an activated O2 molecule. Activation barrier reveals that the TER mechanism is found to be more reliable in converting two NO molecules into two NO2 molecules on [Pt2]¯ dimer. In addition to shedding light on the intrinsic characteristics of Pt2 dimers, the study will serve as a benchmark for investigating the oxidation process of NO to NO2 utilizing models of termolecular chemical processes.
Quantum states and static field ionization of a cylindrical confined hydrogen atom: A diffusion Monte Carlo study
Authors: Micca Longo Gaia , Longo Savino 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this article, the diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) method is applied to the study of the quantum states of a hydrogen atom confined into a cylindrical potential well. We present an independent reproduction of previous studies based on different methods, in particular the energy eigenvalues for ground and selected excited states and the polarizability of the ground state, both for finite and infinite cylinders. The static field ionization of ground and excited states of the confined atom is discussed, including the determination of the potential energy surface and equilibrium position of the proton. This study provides a further demonstration of the versatility of the DMC method for this and analogous problems.
Robot‐assisted total knee arthroplasty system provides more precise control of the femoral rotation angle: A retrospective study
Authors: Yan Peng , Duan Xudong , Lei Yutian , Xing Fangze , Cao Ruomu , Luo Sen , Chen Yang , Liu Zeyu , Wang Kunzheng , Yang Pei , Tian Run 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRotational alignment in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a crucial technical point that needs attention. We conducted a retrospective study to investigate whether a new robot‐assisted TKA (RA‐TKA) could improve the accuracy of rotational alignment and whether rotational alignment affects postoperative pain and functional evaluation of the knee.MethodsA total of 136 consecutive patients who underwent TKA were included in this study. Half of the patients underwent RA‐TKA and the other half underwent conventional TKA (CON‐TKA) by the same group of surgeons. Collect the relevant parameters.ResultsThe postoperative femoral rotation angle (FRA) was −0.72 ± 2.59° in the robot‐assisted group and 1.13 ± 2.73° in the conventional group, and were statistically significantly different (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence that the RA‐TKA provides more precise control of FRA than CON‐TKA, and verifies that tibial rotation angle and combined rotation angle affect postoperative knee pain and functional evaluation.
Extending science instruction beyond the CER: Use of critical questions in the argumentation of middle school science students
Authors: Nussbaum E. Michael , Van Winkle Michael S. , Tian Lixian , Putney LeAnn G. , Huerta Margarita , Perera Harsha N. , Dove Ian J. , Herrera Alicia N. , Carroll Kristoffer R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCritiquing arguments is important for K‐12 science students to learn but not emphasized by the predominant claim‐evidence‐reasoning (CER) argumentation model. Drawing on the work of Yu and Zenker (2020), and Dove and Nussbaum (2018), we developed a tool for supplementing CER with critical questions (CQs) from philosophy that cover most, if not all, the logical dimensions of argument critique. Six middle school science teachers designed lessons involving argumentation, including the use of CQs. We assessed the effects on student self‐efficacy for engaging in argument critique, teacher self‐efficacy for using argument pedagogy, and teachers’ perceptions of the value of CQs. Qualitative data included teacher interviews, lesson transcripts, and student work samples. Quantitative data included surveys of student self‐efficacy administered at the beginning and end of the school year. There was evidence suggesting an increase over time in students’ confidence for engaging in argument critique and teachers’ confidence with argument pedagogy. However, only four of the six teachers were confident and skilled enough to include CQs in their lessons. Those who did use CQs tended to perceive them as providing a helpful structure for critique, prompts for deeper thinking, and a tool for fostering critical classroom norms. Discussion of CQs may have benefitted students’ writing by promoting peer critique and encouragement to elaborate. Overall, CQs afford students with a framework for judging argument strength. Scientific argumentation involving CQs provides a more contemporary philosophical basis for scientific argumentation than CER or the Toulmin model as it emphasizes the critical and dialogic nature of science.
Properties of the modified self‐forgiveness dual‐process scale in populations at risk for moral injury
Authors: Griffin Brandon J. , Norman Sonya B. , Weber Marcela C. , Hinkson Kent D. , Jendro Ashlyn M. , Pyne Jeffrey M. , Worthington Everett L. , Maguen Shira 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite theory suggesting that self‐forgiveness facilitates recovery from moral injury, no measure of self‐forgiveness has been validated with individuals exposed to potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs). Military veterans, healthcare workers, and first responders who reported PMIE exposure (n = 924) completed the Self‐Forgiveness Dual‐Process Scale, which assesses two dimensions of the self‐forgiveness process. The first dimension, value affirmation, refers to appraising personal responsibility and being willing to make amends for one's involvement in a PMIE. The second dimension, esteem restoration, refers to accepting oneself as valuable and capable of growth despite one's failures and imperfections. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses replicated the original scale's two‐factor structure in 10 items modified to apply to the diverse contexts in which PMIEs occur. Next, we found that the factor structure, item loadings, and item intercepts were fully or partially invariant across professions, genders, races, ages, and religious affiliations in a series of Multi‐Group Confirmatory Factor Analyses. Finally, diverging patterns of associations between value affirmation and esteem restoration with moral distress, posttraumatic stress, depression, insomnia, functional impairment, and posttraumatic growth provide evidence of convergent and discriminant validity between the subscales. The modified self‐forgiveness dual process scale is the first measure of self‐forgiveness to be validated with individuals exposed to a PMIE. Researchers and clinicians can use the scale to examine how self‐forgiveness (or difficulties with forgiving oneself) relates to moral injury.
Recent Advancement in Emerging MXene‐Based Photocatalytic Membrane for Revolutionizing Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Chen Cheng , Wang Boya , Xu Jiujing , Fei Lingya , Raza Saleem , Li Bisheng , Zeng Qianqian , Shen Liguo , Lin Hongjun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMXene‐based photocatalytic membranes provide significant benefits for wastewater treatment by effectively combining membrane separation and photocatalytic degradation processes. MXene represents a pioneering 2D photocatalyst with a variable elemental composition, substantial surface area, abundant surface terminations, and exceptional photoelectric performance, offering significant advantages in producing high‐performance photocatalytic membranes. In this review, an in‐depth overview of the latest scientific progress in MXene‐based photocatalytic membranes is provided. Initially, a brief introduction to the structure and photocatalytic capabilities of MXene is provided, highlighting their pivotal role in promoting the photocatalytic process. Subsequently, in pursuit of the optimal MXene‐based photocatalytic membrane, critical factors such as the morphology, hydrophilicity, and stability of MXenes are meticulously taken into account. Various preparation strategies for MXene‐based photocatalytic membranes, including blending, vacuum filtration, and dip coating, are also discussed. Furthermore, the application and mechanism of MXene‐based photocatalytic membranes in micropollutant removal, oil–water separation, and antibacterial are examined. Lastly, the challenges in the development and practical application of MXene‐based photocatalytic membranes, as well as their future research direction are delineated.
Porous Organic Framework Materials (MOF, COF, and HOF) as the Multifunctional Separator for Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Yan , Sun Zhaoyu , Wu Yiwen , Liang Ziwei , Li Fangkun , Zhu Min , Liu Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe separator is an important component in batteries, with the primary function of separating the positive and negative electrodes and allowing the free passage of ions. Porous organic framework materials have a stable connection structure, large specific surface area, and ordered pores, which are natural places to store electrolytes. And these materials with specific functions can be designed according to the needs of researchers. The performance of porous organic framework‐based separators used in rechargeable lithium metal batteries is much better than that of polyethylene/propylene separators. In this paper, the three most classic organic framework materials (MOF, COF, and HOF) are analyzed and summarized. The applications of MOF, COF, and HOF separators in lithium‐sulfur batteries, lithium metal anode, and solid electrolytes are reviewed. Meanwhile, the research progress of these three materials in different fields is discussed based on time. Finally, in the conclusion, the problems encountered by MOF, COF, and HOF in different fields as well as their future research priorities are presented. This review will provide theoretical guidance for the design of porous framework materials with specific functions and further stimulate researchers to conduct research on porous framework materials.
Exploring over a decade of systems engineering research center: A community detection and text analytics approach
Authors: Zavala Araceli , Verma Dinesh , Marquez Jose E. Ramirez 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Systems Engineering Research Center (SERC) is a University Affiliated Research Center (UARC) of the US Department of Defense (DoD) formed in 2008 with more than 20 collaborator universities in the United States. Over the last decade, SERC has conducted research with Principal Investigators from universities within the SERC network, as reflected in technical reports (TR). These reports describe detailed information and analysis of the conducted research for every project under SERC support, such as written records of experiments or results of a scientific project. We analyzed the TRs from 2009 to early 2023 to identify research streams, topics, and evolution in systems engineering (SE) research using text mining and network analysis techniques, such as Louvain Community Detection and word similarity. As a result, we identified four major research streams over a decade of research projects, along with insights about topics and the evolution of SE within this time frame. Finally, we distinguished most profile authors and their most significant collaborations and networks.
Proportion of inflammatory bowel diseases patients with suboptimal disease control in daily clinical practice—Real‐world evidence from the inflammatory bowel diseases‐podcast study
Authors: D’Amico Ferdinando , Gomollón Fernando , Bamias Giorgos , Magro Fernando , Targownik Laura , Leitner Claudia , Heatta‐Speicher Tobias , Michelena Naiara , Kolterer Stefanie , Lapthorn Jennifer , Kauffman Laura , Dignass Axel ,   IBD PODCAST investigators
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCrohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) are inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) characterized by a progressive nature of the disease resulting in subsequent intestinal damage, limited efficacy of current treatments and suboptimal disease management and a significant burden for patients.ObjectivesThe IBD‐PODCAST study aims to estimate the proportion of Crohn's disease and UC patients with suboptimal disease control (SDC) in a real‐world setting.MethodsA non‐interventional and cross‐sectional study was conducted across 103 sites in 10 countries (Austria, Belgium, Canada, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, and UK). Criteria for SDC were based on STRIDE‐II criteria and adapted by an expert panel.Results2185 patients (Crohn's disease: n = 1,108, UC: n = 1077) with a mean (SD) age of 44.0 (14.8) years and mean (SD) disease duration of 12.4 (9.2) years were included (52.2% male). Ileal involvement was present in 39.1% of Crohn's disease patients, 35.3% of UC patients had extensive colitis. 77.3% of Crohn's disease and 65.3% of UC patients were on targeted immunomodulators and, according to STRIDE‐II‐based treatment phases, 85.6% of Crohn's disease and 85.4% of UC patients were assigned to the long‐term treatment phase. SDC was detected in 52.2% of Crohn's disease and 44.3% of UC patients predominantly due to impaired quality of life (QoL), clinically significant extraintestinal manifestations, steroid overuse, signs of active inflammation in UC and Crohn's disease, and active fistulas in Crohn's disease. More than one criterion was seen in 37% of patients with SDC. Opportunities for on‐label treatment optimization were observed in 49% of Crohn's disease and 61% of UC patients on advanced therapy.ConclusionThe high percentage of SDC in this global, real‐world cohort suggests a large disease burden and high unmet medical need in IBD patients. Future analysis should focus on monitoring and responding to SDC in this cohort and on patients' QoL.
Implementation of an electronic health record system during global surgical outreach: A prospective evaluation of success and sustainability
Authors: Gatto Andrew P. , Atkin David , Tapia Juan Claude , Lowenberg Michelle , Kamal Robin N. , Shapiro Lauren M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe burden of musculoskeletal conditions continues to grow in low‐ and middle‐income countries. Among thousands of surgical outreach trips each year, few organizations electronically track patient data to inform real‐time care decisions and assess trip impact. We report the implementation of an electronic health record (EHR) system utilized at point of care during an orthopedic surgical outreach trip.MethodsIn March 2023, we implemented an EHR on an orthopedic outreach trip to guide real‐time care decisions. We utilized an effectiveness‐implementation hybrid type 3 design to evaluate implementation success. Success was measured using outcomes adopted by the World Health Organization, including acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, adoption, fidelity, and sustainability. Clinical outcome measures included adherence to essential quality measures and follow‐up numerical rating system (NRS) pain scores.ResultsDuring the 5‐day outreach trip, 76 patients were evaluated, 25 of which underwent surgery beforehand. The EHR implementation was successful as defined by: mean questionnaire ratings of acceptability (4.26), appropriateness (4.12), feasibility (4.19), and adoption (4.33) at least 4.00, WHO behaviorally anchored rating scale ratings of fidelity (6.8) at least 5.00, and sustainability (80%) at least 60% follow‐up at 6 months. All clinical quality measures were reported in greater than 80% of cases with all measures reported in 92% of cases. NRS pain scores improved by an average of 2.4 points.ConclusionsWe demonstrate successful implementation of an EHR for real‐time clinical use on a surgical outreach trip. Benefits of EHR utilization on surgical outreach trips may include improved documentation, minimization of medical errors, and ultimately improved quality of care.
$$ \mathcal{N} $$=4 Supergravity with Local Scaling Symmetry in Four Dimensions
Authors: Liatsos Nikolaos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We construct the most general four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supergravity coupled to an arbitrary number n of vector multiplets in which the global scaling symmetry is gauged, in addition to a subgroup of SL(2, ℝ) × SO(6, n). The various gaugings are parametrized by an embedding tensor built out of $$ 2\left(\begin{array}{c}n+6\\ {}3\end{array}\right)+4\left(n+6\right) $$
2

n
+
6

3

+
4

n
+
6

parameters that satisfy a specific set of quadratic consistency constraints, to which we provide explicit solutions. We also derive the local supersymmetry transformation rules and the equations of motion for the four-dimensional $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 matter-coupled supergravity with local scaling symmetry. Such supergravity theories do not possess an action, since the scaling symmetry is only an on-shell symmetry of the corresponding ungauged theories.
Spectral flow and localisation in AdS3 string theory
Authors: Knighton Bob , Seet Sean , Sriprachyakul Vit 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study string theory in three-dimensional Anti-de Sitter spacetime in the path integral formalism. We derive expressions for generic spectrally-flowed near-boundary vertex operators in the Wakimoto representation, and relate their correlation functions to covering maps from the worldsheet to the target space boundary. We show that the path integral structurally reproduces correlation functions of the dual symmetric orbifold theory. By rephrasing spectral flow as the introduction of a background gauge field, we provide a path integral derivation of the localisation property of the near boundary theory. We then focus on the case of IIB string theory on AdS3 × S3 × 𝕋4 with k = 1 units of NS-NS flux, where the relationship between correlation functions and covering maps can be made sharp. We also comment on the relation of the k = 1 theory and twistor theory.
Quark and lepton modular models from the binary dihedral flavor symmetry
Authors: Arriaga-Osante Carlos , Liu Xiang-Gan , Ramos-Sánchez Saúl 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Inspired by the structure of top-down derived models endowed with modular flavor symmetries, we investigate the yet phenomenologically unexplored binary dihedral group 2D3. After building the vector-valued modular forms in the representations of 2D3 with small modular weights, we systematically classify all (Dirac and Majorana) mass textures of fermions with fractional modular weights and all possible 2 + 1-family structures. This allows us to explore the parameter space of fermion models based on 2D3, aiming at a description of both quarks and leptons with a minimal number of parameters and best compatibility with observed data. We consider the separate possibilities of neutrino masses generated by either a type-I seesaw mechanism or the Weinberg operator. We identify a model that, besides fitting all known flavor observables, delivers predictions for six not-yet measured parameters and favors normal-ordered neutrino masses generated by the Weinberg operator. It would be interesting to figure out whether it is possible to embed our model within a top-down scheme, such as $${\mathbb{T}}^{2}/{\mathbb{Z}}_{4}$$ heterotic orbifold compactifications.