bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Azadirachta Indica Extract on the Expression Profile of Esp Gene in Treated Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Hamasaeed Niaz Hamaghareeb 
Published: June 2024

Background and Objectives
Enterococcus faecalis is a bacterium often associated with persistent endodontic infections, posing challenges for effective root canal disinfection and treatment outcomes due to its resilience in adverse root canal conditions and resistance to antimicrobial therapies. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Azadirachtaindica's active plant compounds at subinhibitory concentrations on the expression of the virulence gene (esp) in Enterococcus faecalis strains (ATCC 29212).

Materials and Methods
Azadirachta indica (neem) specimens were obtained in Erbil, Northern Iraq, and the active compounds from the dried plant samples were extracted. Dry extracts were dissolved in Dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) until reaching 100 mg/ml. Bacterial samples were treated with the extracted plant material and incubated. The assessment of relative esp gene expression in treated Enterococcus faecalis strains (ATCC 29212) began with total RNA extraction using the RNXplus kit, followed by a Quantitative RT-PCR assay.

Results
The minimum concentration of Azadirachta indica's ethyl acetate fraction 3 (30 mg/ml) inhibited the growth of the targeted bacteria. In contrast, the highest concentration inhibiting the target bacteria was 50 mg/ml of fraction 6 (Azadirachta indica-water). All fractions of Azadirachta indica decreased the expression of the target gene, with fraction 5 (ethyl alcohol) showing the highest fold change.

Conclusion
The ethyl alcohol extraction of Azadirachta indica inhibited the expression of the virulence gene (esp) by 2.84-fold, suggesting a potential decrease in (esp) gene expression, which could be considered as an alternative to classical irrigants.
The Remarkable Role of Nano-phytocosmeceuticals for Elevating Skincare
in Facial Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Mathur Tanya , Jain Neha , Garg Unnati , Pandey Manisha 
Published: June 2024

:
The common skin disorder known as facial hyperpigmentation is caused by an uneven
distribution of melanin, which leaves the face with dark areas or spots. Numerous factors, such as
inflammation, hormonal fluctuations, and sun exposure, might contribute to this condition. Chemical
peels, laser therapy, and topical whitening agents are examples of traditional treatments for facial hyperpigmentation. On the other hand, these treatments may cause scarring, dryness, and inflammation of the skin. For the treatment of facial hyperpigmentation, nano-phytocosmeceuticals—
cosmeceuticals containing nanoparticles generated from plant extracts—have shown great promise.
Compared to traditional cosmeceuticals, these innovative formulations provide several benefits, such
as better skin penetration, increased active ingredient bioavailability, and fewer side effects. Additionally, they have proved to be useful in lowering melanin synthesis and lightening hyperpigmented
skin. Thus, an overview of the recent advances in the development and application of nanophytocosmeceuticals for facial hyperpigmentation, along with clinical studies and patents that have
been granted have been provided in this article.
Phosphine-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of Isoxazol-5(4H)-ones with Morita-Baylis-Hillman Carbonates
Authors: Lei Yuncong , Chen Xuling , Jiang Yantong , Li Pengfei 
Published: June 2024

Aims:
Phosphine-catalyzed asymmetric allylic alkylation of isoxazol-5(4H)-ones with
achiral Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) carbonates has been developed. A series of isoxazol-5(4H)-
ones bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters were obtained in 55-96% yield with 75-90% ee.
Gram-scale reaction and further transformation of allylation products were conducted to demonstrate
the synthetic practicability.

Methods:
Under Ar atmosphere, the mixture of isoxazol-5-one 1 (0.1 mmol), MBH carbonate 2
(0.12 mmol, 1.2 equiv), catalyst P5 (10 mol%), and 4Å MS (10 mg) in toluene (1 mL) was stirred
at 0℃ for 24 h. The solvent was removed under vacuum, and the residue was purified by flash
chromatography (petroleum ether/ethyl acetate = 3/1) to provide product 3.

Result and Conclusion:
We developed an efficient and enantioselective allylic alkylation of isoxazol-
5(4H)-ones with achiral MBH carbonates in the presence of chiral phosphine catalyst. A broad
range of isoxazol-5(4H)-ones bearing all-carbon quaternary stereocenters were prepared with high
efficiency and enantioselectivity. Importantly, the organocatalytic δ-stereocontrol of MBH carbonates
was achieved via the synthetic strategy.
Current Status of Outcomes Reported by Patients With Stroke and an Analysis of Influencing Factors: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Sun Jia , Ma Liang , Miao Xiao , Sun Hui , Zhu SuSu , Zhang Ran , Fan LeLe , Hu TingTing 
Published: June 2024

Background
Stroke is the leading cause of acquired disability and the second leading cause of death worldwide. Its rate of incidence, disability, mortality, and recurrence is high, and the patients experience various symptoms of discomfort, which not only affect their rehabilitation function but also reduce their ability to perform daily activities and their quality of life. Nowadays, with the improvement of China’s medical standards, patients are increasingly attentive to their quality of life and health status. However, diagnostic techniques and effective treatments for patients with stroke are still limited but urgently required.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life during hospitalization using a stroke patient-reported outcomes (PROs) scale and additionally to recognize potential factors and risk indicators that may impact recurrent events, facilitating early intervention measures.

Methods
This is a registry-based, retrospective observational cross-sectional study on patients with stroke. A convenient sampling method was used to select various indicators of patients. The Stroke-PRO scale was then used to assess patients’ conditions across physical, psychological, social, and therapeutic domains. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to identify factors influencing stroke PROs, while correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between these outcomes and blood lipid levels.

Results
The mean Stroke-PRO score in this study was 4.09 (SD 0.29) points. By multiple linear regression analysis, residence, occupation, physical exercise, Barthel index, Braden scale, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at admission, and stroke type were the risk factors for reported outcomes of patients with stroke (P<.05). Correlation analysis showed that serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein were negatively correlated with Stroke-PRO scores in patients with stroke (P<.05), while high-density lipoprotein was positively correlated with patients with stroke (P<.05). The 95% CI was –0.31 to –0.03 for triglyceride, 0.17-0.44 for high-density lipoprotein, –0.29 to –0.01 for cholesterol, –0.30 to –0.02 for low-density lipoprotein, and –0.12 to 0.16 for blood glucose.

Conclusions
Patients with stroke have a low level of health, and their reported outcomes need to be improved. Accordingly, nursing staff should pay attention to the quality of life and blood lipid indexes of patients with stroke, actively assess their actual health status, and take early intervention measures to promote their recovery.
Replacement Strategies for Tunneled Hemodialysis Catheters with Complications
Authors: Lazarus Benjamin , Kotwal Sradha , Gallagher Martin , Gray Nicholas A. , Coggan Sarah , Talaulikar Girish , Polkinghorne Kevan R. ,   on behalf of the REDUCCTION investigators
Published: June 2024

Key Points

Replacement strategies for hemodialysis catheters with mechanical failure differed widely between services, which suggests clinical equipoise.For mechanical hemodialysis catheter failure, exchange did not result in more dysfunction or infection than removal and separate replacement.In Australia, infected catheters were almost universally removed and then replaced through a separate tunnel tract.

Background
Tunneled hemodialysis catheters often have infectious or mechanical complications that require unplanned removal and replacement, but the optimal replacement strategy is unknown. This study described the real-world use of two strategies in Australia and compared the survival of replacement catheters inserted by either strategy.

Methods
Observational data from the REDUcing the burden of dialysis Catheter ComplicaTIOns: a National approach trial, which enrolled a nationwide cohort of 6400 adults who received an incident hemodialysis catheter (2016–2020), was used for this secondary analysis. Tunneled catheters were replaced by either catheter exchange through the existing tunnel tract or removal and replacement through a new tract. The effect of the replacement strategy on the time to catheter removal because of infection or dysfunction was estimated by emulating a hypothetical pragmatic randomized trial among a subset of 434 patients with mechanical tunneled catheter failure.

Results
Of 9974 tunneled hemodialysis catheters inserted during the trial, 380 had infectious and 945 had mechanical complications that required replacement. Almost all infected hemodialysis catheters (97%) were removed and separately replaced through a new tunnel tract, whereas nephrology services differed widely in their replacement practices for catheters with mechanical failure (median=50% guidewire exchanged, interquartile range=30%–67%). Service-level differences accounted for 29% of the residual variation after adjusting for patient factors. In the target trial emulation cohort of patients with mechanical catheter failure (n=434 patients), catheter exchange was not associated with lower complication-free survival at 1, 6, or 12 months (counterfactual survival difference at 1 month=5.9%; 95% confidence interval, −2% to 14%).

Conclusions
Guidewire exchange for mechanical failure of catheter was not associated with lower catheter survival and may be preferable for patients.

Trial registration and protocol:
The trial was registered in the Australia and New Zealand clinical trials registry on the June 23, 2016 (ACTRN12616000830493).
Capecitabine monotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced HER2-normal breast cancer – a nationwide, retrospective study
Authors: Celik Alan , Berg Tobias , Gibson Magnus , Jensen Maj-Britt , Kümler Iben , Eßer-Naumann Saskia , Jakobsen Erik H. , Knoop Ann , Nielsen Dorte 
Published: June 2024

Background and purpose: Capecitabine can be used as first-line treatment for advanced breast cancer. However, real-world data on efficacy of capecitabine in this setting is sparse. The purpose of the study is to evaluate outcomes of patients with Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (HER2)-normal advanced breast cancer treated with capecitabine monotherapy as first-line treatment.
Material and Methods: The study utilized the Danish Breast Cancer Group (DBCG) database and was conducted retrospectively across all Danish oncology departments. Inclusion criteria were female patients, with HER2-normal advanced breast cancer treated with capecitabine monotherapy as the first-line treatment from 2010 to 2020. The primary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).
Results: A total of 494 patients were included. Median OS was 16.4 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.5–18.0), and median PFS was 6.0 months (95% CI: 5.3–6.7). Patients with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive disease had significantly longer OS (median: 22.8 vs. 10.5 months, p < 0.001) and PFS (median: 7.4 vs. 4.9 months, p = 0.003), when compared to ER-negative patients. Stratifying by age, patients under 45 years displayed a median PFS of 4.1 months, while those aged 45–70 years and over 70 years had median PFS of 5.7 and 7.2 months, respectively (p = 0.01).
Interpretation: In this nationwide study, the efficacy of capecitabine as a first-line treatment for HER2-normal advanced breast cancer is consistent with other, mainly retrospective, studies. However, when assessed against contemporary and newer treatments, its effectiveness appears inferior to alternative chemotherapies or targeted therapies.
Pelaksanaan Supervisi Pada Praktik Pengalaman Lapangan Bimbingan dan Konseling di sekolah: Perspektif Praktikan
Authors: Agustin Adhi Krisna Maria 
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan supervisi pada praktik pengalaman lapangan bimbingan konseling di sekolah dilihat dari perspektif praktikan. Sebanyak 20 mahasiswa S1 dari empat Universitas di Pulau Jawa yang telah menyelesaikan praktik lapangan diwawancara secara mendalam terkait pada tantangan yang dihadapi praktikan, peran supervisor, serta ekspektasi praktikan terhadap supervisor/ideal supervisi pada praktik pengalaman lapangan bimbingan dan konseling. Pendekatan pada penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pelaksanaan supervisi bimbingan dan konseling yang dilaksanakan oleh guru pamong terhadap mahasiswa praktikan belum berlangsung sesuai dengan standar supervisi yang telah ditetapkan. Rekomendasi diberikan untuk perbaikan lebih lanjut dari pelaksanaan supervisi bimbingan dan konseling. This research aims to find out how supervision is implemented in the Guidance and Counseling practicum program from the perspective of the school counselors in training. A total of 20 undergraduate students from four Universities in Java Island who had completed the practicum program were interviewed in depth regarding the challenges faced by the school counselors in training, the role of supervisors, as well as school counselors in training expectations of supervisors/ideal supervision in guidance and counseling. The approach to this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of the research found that the implementation of guidance and counseling supervision by the school counselors during the practicum program for school counselors in training had not taken place in accordance with the supervision standards that had been set. Recommendations are provided for further improvement of the implementation of guidance and counseling supervision.
Clinical Use of Long-Term GnRH Agonist in Prepubertal Bitches: Effect on P4, E2 and Melatonin Serum Concentration before and During First Estrus
Authors: Daghistani Vojislav Al , Stanišić Ljubodrag , Đurić Miloje , Maletić Milan , Vakanjac Slobodanka , Vejnović Branislav , Magaš Vladimir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the length of the contraceptive period after the application of deslorelin implant (4.7 mg) in juvenile, prepubertal bitches and assess the effects on the hormonal status (P4, E2 and melatonin), as well as on the occurrence of normal physiological estrus. Twelve crossbred prepubertal female dogs (4 months of age) were divided into the two groups, the treated group (DESLO) and control (placebo) group (C). Hormone assays, vaginal microbiological and cytological smears and the measurements of electrical resistance of cervical mucus were performed once in 3 weeks until the first signs of proestrus, and every day during estrus. GnRH implant significantly postponed time of onset of estrus (633 ± 30,38 days vs. 143.80 ± 52,30 days, P<0.001). In estrus, DESLO group showed statistically higher E2 (34.58 pg/mL vs. 20.59 pg/mL, P<0.001) and melatonin serum concentration (45.86 pg/mL vs. 18.85 pg/mL, P<0.001) compared to the control group. The average P4 serum concentration had no statistically significant differences between groups. In conclusion, deslorelin implants do not cause “flare up” effect in perpubertal bitches, however, increase of E2 and especially melatonin serum concentrations show the need to explore the consequences and mutual influence of melatonin and deslorelin implants in the future.
The Modern Digital Intraoral Scanning Systems: A Review
Authors: Dimova-Gabrovska M. , Stamenova M. , Shopova D. , Yankova M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The last decades were characterized by rapid progress in the introduction of new digital technologies in the field of prosthetics. The intraoral scanning systems are data acquisition devices which make it possible to make precise prosthetic structures, to identify carious lesions, Orthodontic anomalies. This article analyzes modern trends in the field of newly developed intraoral scanning technologies published in scientific journals in recent years. It summarizes the information provided by various databases: PubMed, Research-Gate, Google Scholar and on the internet sites of manufacturing companies. As a result, a historical review was made with a focus on the development of intraoral scanning systems and their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages were thoroughly discussed.
Field efficacy of Gliding Arc Plasma Activated Water and natural products on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) late blight [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] severity
Authors: Djeugap Joseph Fovo , Njopkou Aimé Magloire Tenkap , Pianta Fallone Tedongmo , Nouteka Joliesse Nicky Koagne , Mbatkam Biamen , Kuenbou Joachim Manfo , Nzali Serges , Kamseu Jean Paul Mogo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the field efficacy of plasma-activated water (PAW) as a novel technology in agriculture together with vinegar, sodium bicarbonate, and plant aqueous extracts against tomato late blight in a complete randomised block design. Ten treatments were evaluated: Plasma activated water (PAW), a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and vinegar at different ratios (25/75, 50/50 and 75/25) and different mixtures of aqueous plant extracts made up of ten plants: Ageratum conyzoides, Eucalyptus saligna, Azadirachta indica, Panax quinquefolius, Callistemon viminalis, Euphorbia hirta, E. cordifolia Laggera pterodonta, Ocimum gratissimum and avocado pit powder. Plantizeb and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the growth variables between treatments at 10 weeks after transplanting (WAT). All the treatments reduced late blight severity compared to the negative control (100 %) at 10 WAT. Late blight severity on plants treated with Plantizeb, PAW, the mixture of bicarbonate and vinegar (B+V) at 50/50 (33.24 %) and the mixture of E. hirta + E. cordifolia extract (33.33 %) was the lowest and significantly comparable (p < 0.05) to Plantizeb (31.67 %). Tomato yield was 2.24 t/ha (negative control), 28.56 t/ha (Plantizeb), 27.23 t/ha (PAW), 30.32 t / ha (B+V at 50/50), and 27.69 t/ha (mixture of the aqueous extract of E. hirta + E. cordifolia). The PAW, the mixtures between B+V at 50/50, and the aqueous extract of E. hirta and E. cordifolia could be exploited for their bioactivity in late blight management in field conditions.
War Trauma of Young Children as a Pedagogical Challenge in the New Model of Early Childhood Development and Family Support
Authors: Perkowska Marta Mirosława 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The aim of the article is the attempt to implement solutions of a new model of child and family support for aid activities addressed to children and families of war refugees from Ukraine. Such a model would have to take into account the main effect of hostilities in their country, which is usually trauma, and the fact that the sense of security associated with the necessity to migrate, being a refugee, is lowered. The text contains both an analysis of research on the experience of war trauma and proposals for the selection of effective, adequate work tools as part of the project to support such families. The new model of early support for children and families assumes the revitalization of the existing systemic solutions, broadening the spectrum of diagnosis and taking into account the entire family system as a support entity, using all its resources. Therefore, it is a new space in the area of helping children with special needs, and refugee children can be considered as such.
A Comparative Analysis of European and American Reglementations Used in Power Quality Investigations
Authors: Engheş Andrei Decebal , Cazacu Emil , Petrescu Lucian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the realm of electrical engineering, standards play a pivotal role in ensuring the quality and reliability of electrical systems. This paper conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC) standards, with a particular focus on power quality engineering. Specifically, it focused on key parameters such as the K-factor, the factor K, the Harmonic Loss Factor FHL and the unbalanced factor. By elucidating the differences and similarities between these standards, this study aims to provide insights into their respective impacts on electrical infrastructure, guiding engineering practices, and facilitating global trade. Understanding the regional applicability and industry impact of IEEE, IEC, and CENELEC standards is essential for engineers, manufacturers, and policymakers to navigate the complexities of electrical quality engineering in a diverse and interconnected world.
Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone from Cereals and Cereals Products
Authors: Mastan Oana Andreea , Longodor Adina , Mesaros Diana , Andronie Luisa , Pop Ioana , Coroian Aurelia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The control and assessment of the level of mycotoxins in food is a very important desideratum for the food industry and, in particular, for products of plant origin. Control of food products represents a priority to get safe the population. Products intended for consumers must comply with the legislation. Mycotoxins are compounds with high stability, with very few ways and possibilities of elimination from the body. In order to eliminate the risk, a rigorous control of the feed is necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the content of zearalenone (ZEA) and deoxynivalenol (DON) in cereals, bread and bread with potatoes. As a result of the determinations, it was found that the ZEA and the DON are well below the values provided by the legislation, due to the proper application of the food safety systems. In the case of ZEA and DON, the highest amount was observed in the case of whole grains, and the smallest amount was observed in homemade bread with potatoes
Social Communication in Maintaining Religious Tolerance Juntikebon Village Government, Juntinyuat Subdistrict
Authors: Maulidah Nur Hasyim 
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the social communication conducted by the Juntikebon Village Government in Juntinyuat Sub-District in Maintaining Religious Tolerance. The research utilizes a descriptive qualitative research method, employing data collection techniques such as observation and interviews. The data excavation in this research utilizes interview techniques, with the interviewed parties including, Secretary of Juntikebon Village and Head of Juntikebon Village. The theories employed in data excavation are social communication theory and tolerance theory. Based on the research findings, the social communication conducted by the Juntikebon Village government in implementing the value of religious tolerance shows that there is social communication established between the community and the government. It can be concluded that the social communication of the Juntikebon Village government in Maintaining Harmony of Religious Tolerance in Juntikebon Village, Juntinyuat Sub-District, becomes one of the significant values for community life, contributing to building the village regardless of social strata or religion, as religion is the right and obligation of every individual. Hence, there is no business for the government, as stated in the 1945 Constitution and Pancasila. Thus, the village community and the government do not discriminate between Islam and Christianity.