bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binding of proteins to ultra high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles as a possible mechanism of macrophage and lymphocyte activation
Authors: Zolotarevová E. , Hudeček J. , Špundová M. , Entlicher G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBinding of five human plasma proteins (IgG, serum albumin, α1–acid glycoprotein, holo‐transferrin, α1–antitrypsin) to ultra high molecular weight polyethylene wear particles (0.1–10 μm) isolated from hip periprosthetic tissues was studied in vitro. All tested plasma proteins were bound to wear particles in a similar way indicating irreversible binding. Analogous interaction was found also between GUR 4120 particles (diameter ∼250 μm) and two tested plasma proteins (human serum albumin and α1–acid glycoprotein). The binding was not affected by pH of a buffer or the isoelectric point of bound proteins; thus it was apparently of clearly hydrophobic nature. We hypothesize that the binding causes some unfolding of the bound proteins, thus exposing new determinants with which sensitive cells may react. This could be a mechanism by which polyethylene wear particles trigger, for example, macrophages activity and thence initiate aseptic inflammation and cause the failure of total joint replacements. Results can contribute to the choice of a convenient construction type of prostheses. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Enhancement of bone formation by BMP‐7 transduced MSCs on biomimetic nano‐hydroxyapatite/polyamide composite scaffolds in repair of mandibular defects
Authors: Li Jihua , Li Yubao , Ma Sancheng , Gao Ying , Zuo Yi , Hu Jing 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study was to evaluate enhanced bone formation by bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7) transduced MSCs on nano‐hydroxyapatite/polyamide (n‐HA/PA) composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering in repair of mandibular defect. n‐HA/PA scaffolds were prepared and rabbit MSCs were separated and expanded; and then infected with adenoviral‐mediated BMP‐7 in vitro. The MSCs‐BMP‐7 and MSCs were seeded on the porous scaffolds. Scaffold/MSCs‐BMP‐7 constructs and scaffold/MSCs constructs were implanted in the defects of rabbits' mandible as the experimental groups A (n = 18) and groups B (n = 18), respectively, the pure scaffolds were implanted as controls (group C, n = 18). Six animals were sacrificed at 4‐, 8‐, and 16‐week postimplantation, respectively. Their mandibles were removed and processed for radiographic, biomechanical tests, histological, and histomorphometric analysis. Group A animals showed greater bone formation and earlier mineralization than group B at 4‐ and 8‐week postimplantation and similarly group B more than group C. However, no difference was found among three groups at 16‐week postimplantation. The results of this study suggest that BMP‐7 transduced MSCs‐n‐HA/PA composite could significantly accelerate bone formation in the implant at early stage. BMP‐7 mediated ex vivo gene transfer based on MSCs as seed cells, combined with porous n‐HA/PA as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering might be an alternative or supplemental approach to repair the mandibular defects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
A TD‐DFT study on the cyanide‐chemosensing mechanism of 8‐formyl‐7‐hydroxycoumarin
Authors: Li Guang‐Yue , Zhao Guang‐Jiu , Han Ke‐Li , He Guo‐Zhong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractProton transfer (PT) and excited‐state PT process are proposed to account for the fluorescent sensing mechanism of a cyanide chemosensor, 8‐formyl‐7‐hydroxycoumarin. The time‐dependent density functional theory method has been applied to investigate the ground and the first singlet excited electronic states of this chemosensor as well as its nucleophilic addition product with cyanide, with a view to monitoring their geometries and spectrophotometrical properties. The present theoretical study indicates that phenol proton of the chemosensor transfers to the formyl group along the intramolecular hydrogen bond in the first singlet excited state. Correspondingly, the nucleophilic addition product undergoes a PT process in the ground state, and shows a similar structure in the first singlet excited state. This could explain the observed strong fluorescence upon the addition of the cyanide anion in the relevant fluorescent sensing mechanism. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
On the effects of fair trade on the welfare of the poor
Authors: Baumann Florian , Oschinski Matthias , Stähler Nikolai 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDespite the rising importance of fair trade (FT), a relatively small amount of academic research has been done in this area so far. Advocates of FT claim that it will ultimately improve the living conditions of the poor. Opponents hold that it will worsen their situation. More often than not, public discussion is affected by dogmatic views, prejudices and emotional charges. This paper aims to contribute to an objective discussion of the topic. We present a matching model to analyse the welfare effects of FT in an agricultural market. Our results show that producers obtaining FT certification are better off. All others will lose if incentives for importers to enter the market decline. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Introduction to the special issue: Implicit measures of consumer response—the search for the Holy Grail of marketing research
Authors: Nevid Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe advent of measures of implicit cognition provides marketing researchers with tools they can use to probe automatic processes that do not rely on conscious deliberation. Attempts by marketing researchers to probe unconscious or automatic processes underlying consumer attitudes and purchase decisions date back at least as far as the work of motivation researchers in the early to mid‐twentieth century. These newer methods, principally the Implicit Association Test, emerged from work of psychologists concerned with studying implicit attitudes toward the self and social issues. These measures have more recently been applied to marketing studies of implicit attitudes of consumers toward particular brands and products. This special issue of Psychology & Marketing features contributions in which contemporary researchers in the field review applications of implicit measurement to consumer cognition, consumer persuasion, and nonverbal communication in the retailing context. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Can you trust a customer's expression? Insights into nonverbal communication in the retail context
Authors: Puccinelli Nancy M. , Motyka Scott , Grewal Dhruv 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSynthesizing knowledge from psychology and marketing research, an understanding of nonverbal communication can help address when and how customers express their underlying feelings in retail interactions that are not evident in direct verbal expressions. Examining nonverbal behavior as an indirect measure of consumer response can enable retailers to better understand the needs of their customers. Nonverbal communication theory is used to develop a conceptual framework that builds on prior research on the situation, expressivity, social status, display rules, and their effects on customer expression. Lay wisdom suggests that customer expression should be revealing (e.g., “the eyes are the windows to the soul”). However, research reveals a myriad of situational factors that may lead customers to mask their true feelings. This paper offers nine theoretical propositions and summarizes research evidence related to these pro‐positions from various substantive domains for marketing research. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Semi‐parametric time‐domain quantification of HR‐MAS data from prostate tissue
Authors: Ratiney Helene , Albers Mark J. , Rabeson Herald , Kurhanewicz John 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHigh Resolution – Magic Angle Spinning (HR‐MAS) spectroscopy provides rich biochemical profiles that require accurate quantification to permit biomarker identification and to understand the underlying pathological mechanisms. Meanwhile, quantification of HR‐MAS data from prostate tissue samples is challenging due to significant overlap between the resonant peaks, the presence of short $T_{2}^{*} $ metabolites such as citrate or polyamines (T2 from 25 to 100 msec) and macromolecules, and variations in chemical shifts and $T_{2}^{*} $s within a metabolite's spin systems. Since existing methods do not address these challenges completely, a new quantification method was developed and optimized for HR‐MAS data acquired with an ultra short TE and over 30,000 data points. The proposed method, named HR‐QUEST (High Resolution – QUEST), iteratively employs the QUEST time‐domain semi‐parametric strategy with a new model function that incorporates prior knowledge from whole and subdivided metabolite signals. With these features, HR‐QUEST is able to independently fit the chemical shifts and $T_{2}^{*} $s of a metabolite's spin systems, a necessity for HR‐MAS data. By using the iterative fitting approach, it is able to account for significant contributions from macromolecules and to handle shorter T2 metabolites, such as citrate and polyamines. After subdividing the necessary metabolite basis signals, the root mean square (RMS) of the residual was reduced by 52% for measured HR‐MAS data from prostate tissue. Monte Carlo studies on simulated spectra with varied macromolecular contributions showed that the iterative fitting approach (6 iterations) coupled with inclusion of long T2 macromolecule components in the basis set improve the quality of the fit, as assessed by the reduction of the RMS of the residual and of the RMS error of the metabolite signal estimate, by 27% and 71% respectively. With this optimized configuration, HR‐QUEST was applied to measured HR‐MAS prostate data and reliably quantified 16 metabolites and reference signals with estimated Cramér Rao Bounds ≤5%. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic in vivo mapping of model moisturiser ingress into human skin by GARfield MRI
Authors: Ciampi Elisabetta , van Ginkel Michael , McDonald Peter J. , Pitts Simon , Bonnist Eleanor Y. M. , Singleton Scott , Williamson Ann‐Marie 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe describe the development of in vivo one‐dimensional MRI (profiling) using a GARField (Gradient At Right angles to Field) magnet for the characterisation of side‐of‐hand human skin. For the first time and in vivo, we report measurements of the NMR longitudinal and transverse relaxation parameters and self‐diffusivity of the upper layers of human skin with a nominal spatial resolution better than 10 µm. The results are correlated with in vivo confocal Raman spectroscopy measurements of water concentration and natural moisturiser factors, and discussed in terms of known skin biology and microstructure of the stratum corneum and viable epidermis. The application of model moisturiser solutions to the skin is followed and their dynamics of ingress are characterised using the MRI methodology developed. Selected hydrophilic and lipophilic formulations are studied. The results are corroborated by standard in vivo measurements of transepidermal water loss and hydration status. A further insight into moisturisation mechanisms is gained. The effect of two different penetration enhancers on a commonly used skin care oil is also discussed, and different timescales of oil penetration into the skin are reported depending on the type of enhancer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is the circumference at the nutrient foramen of the tibia of value to sex determination on human osteological collections? Testing a new method
Authors: Garcia S. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper tests the validity of the circumference at the nutrient foramen of the tibia for sex determination on two human osteological collections: the Lisbon Collection of Identified Skeletons (n = 160) and the São Martinho medieval archaeological collection from Leiria, Portugal (n = 57). The methodological approach chosen to conduct the test was the sectioning point method. The overall accuracy (males and females combined) in the Lisbon Collection was 78% and in the São Martinho Collection it reached 90%. In both series, females were more accurately classified than males. This paper advocates the importance of developing and using sample specific methods for sex determination in modern and in archaeological human osteological assemblages. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular design and density functional theory investigation of novel low‐band‐gap benzobisthiadiazole‐based systems: from monomer to polymer
Authors: Fu Yangwu , Shen Wei , Li Ming 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe electronic structure and properties of benzobisthiadiazole‐based alternating donor–acceptor conjugated oligomers and their periodic copolymers of donor and acceptor units with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1 were investigated systematically using the density functional theory method. The donors include thiophene, thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene and pyrrole. The ratio of donor to acceptor units (D:A ratio) plays a very important role in the geometric and electronic properties. The intramolecular charge transfer increases and the bond length alternation decreases with an increase in the D:A ratio for these oligomers and polymers. Moreover, an increase in D:A ratio can greatly reduce the band gap and effective mass of holes and electrons for these alternating donor‐acceptor conjugated copolymers. The unusually large intramolecular charge transfer caused by intramolecular hydrogen bonds reveals that pyrrole is not only a strong electron donor but also a potential hydrogen bond donor. The theoretical results suggest those copolymers possessing a D:A ratio of 2:1 are better candidates for conducting materials compared to those with a D:A ratio of 1:1. The almost zero band gap, large bandwidth and small effective mass of holes and electrons of poly(4,8‐bis(thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐c:4,5‐c′]bis[1,2,5]thiadiazole) indicate that it is a very good candidate for an electrically conductive material. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Blue–green luminescence and SERS study of carbon‐rich hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide films with multiphase structure
Authors: Li Zhe , Zhang Jun , He Haiyan , Bian Juncao , Zhang Xiwen , Han Gaorong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe carbon‐rich hydrogenated amorphous silicon carbide (a‐Si1−xCx:H) films were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using silane (diluted to 10% in hydrogen) and ethylene as the gas sources. To observe surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), some samples were prepared on sputtered Ag films on Si substrates. A variety of techniques including ellipsometer, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman scattering, scanning electron microscope, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy were used to characterize the grown films. With enormous enhancement in Raman spectral intensity of carbon related phases and SiC bonds, SERS is proved to be a powerful method to investigate carbon‐rich a‐Si1−xCx:H films. Multiphase structure of the grown a‐Si1−xCx:H films is confirmed which possesses hydrogenated sp3 SiC network and sp2 amorphous carbon clusters. Blue–green multiband PL are observed at room temperature. A possible PL mechanism is suggested: the PL originates from exciton‐like and geminate recombination of excited electron–hole pairs through localized tail states within sp2 clusters and gap states related to sp3 SiC network.
Anisotropic macrostructures formed of single‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Arutyunyan N. R. , Chernov A. I. , Obraztsova E. D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe present investigation is focused on the formation of anisotropic macrostructures via a self‐assembly process of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) in a liquid. During the liquid evaporation, the nanotubes can be deposited on the substrate, submerged vertically in the enriched SWNT suspension. This procedure results in formation of the SWNT parallel alignment on the substrate in the area of few millimeters. To estimate the degree of the SWNT alignment, the intensity of Raman scattering in polarizations parallel (VV) and perpendicular (VH) to the incident light has been detected. Orientation‐dependent measurements have revealed a high anisotropy for G‐band and radial breathing modes (RBM) of nanotubes. The width of the angular nanotube distribution is less than 15°.
Effect of mono vacancy on electron and positron properties of 3C SiC
Authors: Rubaszek Anna 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFirst principle calculation of the electron and positron band structure in the perfect and defected 3C silicon carbide (SiC) is performed within the linear muffin‐tin orbital (LMTO) method in the atomic spheres approximation (ASA). For Si and C vacancy the insulator‐metal transition is observed. Effect of the electron–positron interaction on the resulting positron distribution is studied. Theoretical electron and electron–positron momentum densities for Si and C mono vacancies, obtained within various approximations to the electron–positron correlations, are discussed in comparison with the relevant characteristics in the perfect 3C SiC.
Repeat‐pulse 13CO2 labeling of canola and field pea: implications for soil organic matter studies
Authors: Sangster Amy , Knight Diane , Farrell Richard , Bedard‐Haughn Angela 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBoth the quantity and quality of plant residues can impact soil properties and processes. Isotopic tracers can be used to trace plant residue decomposition if the tracer is homogeneously distributed throughout the plant. Continuous labeling will homogeneously label plants but is not widely accessible because elaborate equipment is needed. In order to determine if the more accessible repeat‐pulse labeling method could be used to trace plant residue decomposition, this labeling procedure was employed using 13CO2 to enrich field pea and canola plants in a controlled environment. Plants were exposed weekly to pulses of 33 atom% 13CO2 and grown to maturity. The distribution of the label throughout the plant parts (roots, stem, leaves, and pod) and biochemical fractions (ADF and ADL) was determined. The label was not homogeneously distributed throughout the plant; in particular, the pod fractions were less enriched than other fractions indicating the importance of continuing labeling well into plant maturity for pod‐producing plants. The ADL fraction was also less enriched than the ADF fraction. Because of the heterogeneity of the label throughout the plant, caution should be applied when using the repeat‐pulse method to trace the fate of 13C‐labeled residues in the soil. However, root contributions to below‐ground C were successfully determined from the repeat‐pulse labeled root material, as was 13C enrichment of soil within the top 15 cm. Canola contributed more above‐ and below‐ground residue C than field pea; however, canola was also higher in ADF and ADL fractions indicating a more recalcitrant residue. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Continuous flow infrared matrix‐assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Huang Fan , Murray Kermit K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractContinuous flow infrared matrix‐assisted laser desorption electrospray ionization (CF IR MALDESI) mass spectrometry was demonstrated for the on‐line analysis of liquid samples. Samples in aqueous solution were flowed through a 50 µm i.d. fused‐silica capillary at a flow rate of 1–6 µL/min. As analyte aqueous solution flowed through the capillary, a liquid sample bead formed at the capillary tip. A pulsed infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) laser with wavelength of 2.94 µm and a 20 Hz repetition rate was focused onto the capillary tip for sample desorption and ablation. The plume of ejected sample was entrained in an electrospray to form ions by MALDESI. The resulting ions were sampled into an ion trap mass spectrometer for analysis. Using CF IR MALDESI, several chemical and biochemical reactions were monitored on‐line: the chelation of 1,10‐phenanthroline with iron(II), insulin denaturation with 1,4‐dithiothreitol, and tryptic digestion of cytochrome c. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermally induced intramolecular oxygen migration of N‐oxides in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Wang Xin , Li Min , Rustum Abu M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractN‐Oxides are known to undergo three main thermal degradation reactions, namely deoxygenation, Cope elimination (for N‐oxides containing a β‐hydrogen) and Meisenheimer rearrangement, in atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI‐MS). The ions corresponding to these thermal degradants observed in the ensuing APCI mass spectra have been used to identify N‐oxides as well as to determine the N‐oxidation site when the analyte contains multiple tertiary amine groups. In this paper, we report a thermally induced oxygen migration from one N‐oxide amine to another tert‐amine group present in the same molecule through a six‐membered ring transition state during APCI‐MS analysis. The observed intramolecular oxygen migration resulted in the formation of a new isomeric N‐oxide, rendering the results of the APCI‐MS analysis more difficult to interpret and potentially misleading. In addition, we observed novel degradation behavior that happened after the Meisenheimer rearrangement of the newly formed N‐oxide: a homolytic cleavage of the NO bond instead of elimination of an aldehyde or a ketone that usually follows the rearrangement. Understanding of these unusual degradation pathways, which have not been reported previously, should facilitate structural elucidation of N‐oxides using APCI‐MS analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fluorous derivatization combined with liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry: a method for the selective and sensitive determination of sialic acids in biological samples
Authors: Hayama Tadashi , Sakaguchi Yohei , Yoshida Hideyuki , Itoyama Miki , Todoroki Kenichiro , Yamaguchi Masatoshi , Nohta Hitoshi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe have developed a novel method for selective and sensitive analysis of sialic acids (N‐acetylneuraminic, N‐glycolylneuraminic, and 2‐keto‐3‐deoxy‐D‐glycero‐D‐galactonononic acid) utilizing liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) combined with a fluorous derivatization technique. In this method, the carboxylic groups in the sialic acids are derivatized via amidation with heptadecafluoroundecylamine, a commercially available perfluoroalkylamine reagent. This reaction proceeds rapidly and readily at room temperature in the presence of a condensation reagent. Subsequently, the derivatives are retained specifically on an LC column with a perfluoroalkyl stationary phase by means of a fluorophilic or 'fluorous' interaction, and detected by positive electrospray ionization MS/MS. The detection limits of the examined sialic acids are in the range of 60–750 amol on column. We show that the proposed method can be used to analyze trace amounts of sialic acids in biological samples. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.