bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Raster Angle on 3D Printing of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Thermoplastic Polyurethane Blends: Effects on Mechanical and Shape Memory Properties
Authors: Olalla Águeda Sonseca , Cerezo Joaquín Lluch , Abarca Vicente Ruedas , Soriano Lucas Rovira , Mazzinari Guido , Torres Enrique Giménez 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn this study, a 60:40 blend of poly(lactic acid) and thermoplastic polyurethane (PLA/TPU) is fabricated using fused material extrusion. The morphological, thermal, mechanical and thermoresponsive cyclic shape memory effect (SME) characteristics of 3D‐printed specimens at various raster angles are investigated. This work introduces the innovative utilization of TPU's fibrillar alignment within a PLA matrix to achieve enhanced mechanical anisotropy and consistent shape memory performance. Morphological analysis reveals excellent printability, with the immiscible TPU phase forming submicron‐diameter fibrils (≈0.78 ± µm) within the PLA matrix, leading to significant improvements in toughness and elongation at break when aligned with the printing direction and the load. Tensile test demonstrates anisotropy, with 0° raster specimens achieving a UTS of 16.1 ± 0.2 MPa and elongation at 305.5 ± 71.9%, compared to 4.5 ± 0.6 MPa and 10.8 ± 1.5% at 90°. Notably, despite the mechanical anisotropy, shape fixity ratios exceeded 95% and recovery ratios between 91 and 95% were achieved across all raster angles, demonstrating robustness in thermomechanical properties. These findings offer valuable insights into the relationship between morphology, mechanical characteristics, and shape memory behavior of PLA/TPU blends fabricated using fused material extrusion, positioning the material as a strong candidate for biomedical applications requiring precise shape recovery performance.
Reevaluation of the Impact of the Novel Likely Pathogenic Variant c.1286_1288delAGA in the ATP8A2 Gene: A 7‐Year Follow‐Up With Clinical, Genetic, and ACMG Insights in an Iranian Family
Authors: Kalayinia Samira , Hesami Hamed , Badv Reza Shervin , Rabbani Maryam , Rezaei Zahra , Hosseinkhani Zohreh , Nikbakht Sedighe , Sharifi Ameneh , Akbari Bahman , Mirab Samiee Siamak , Mahdieh Nejat 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCerebellar ataxia, mental retardation, and dysequilibrium (CAMRQ) syndrome is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by non‐progressive cerebellar ataxia, intellectual disability, and cerebellar atrophy. Despite its rarity, CAMRQ syndrome poses significant challenges due to its heterogeneous genetic etiology and complex clinical presentation. This study details the evolving clinical phenotype over 7 years in a male with CAMRQ4 syndrome caused by an in‐frame deletion variant in ATP8A2 gene.MethodsA detailed clinical evaluation was performed, accompanied by tests and imaging studies. Clinical and genetic investigations, including segregation analysis, were carried out to confirm the pathogenicity of the identified variant. The evolving clinical phenotype of the patient, including developmental delay, cerebellar ataxia, and hand‐foot crawling, was thoroughly investigated.ResultsA 10‐year‐old male patient with CAMRQ syndrome exhibited typical clinical manifestations including impaired motor coordination, cognitive impairment, and balance disturbances. Genetic analysis revealed a homozygous in‐frame deletion variant (c.1286_1288delAGA) in the ATP8A2 gene, implicating ATP8A2 in the pathogenesis of CAMRQ syndrome. This variant was predicted to be likely pathogenic and deleterious, in accordance with its segregation in affected family members. Our findings expand the mutational spectrum of ATP8A2‐associated CAMRQ syndrome and underscore the importance of comprehensive genetic testing in diagnosing rare neurological disorders.ConclusionThe identification of an in‐frame deletion variant in the ATP8A2 gene enhances our understanding of CAMRQ syndrome and highlights the phenotypic variability of the disorder. Our study contributes to the elucidation of CAMRQ syndrome by identifying a novel genetic variant and elucidating its clinical and genetic implications. Further research is warranted to advance our understanding of CAMRQ syndrome and to improve patient care and management strategies.
A Novel Polysaccharide From Tremella fuciformis Alleviated High‐Fat Diet‐Induced Obesity by Promoting AMPK/PINK1/PRKN‐Mediated Mitophagy in Mice
Authors: Lu Jing , Zhang Yanhui , Song Haizhao , Wang Fang , Wang Luanfeng , Xiong Ling , Shen Xinchun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTScope: Polysaccharides from Tremella fuciformis have gained significant interest due to their diverse biological activities. This study focuses on characterizing a purified polysaccharide, TPSP2, extracted from T. fuciformis and evaluating its antiobesity effect and underlying mechanisms in vivo. Methods and results: Structural analysis revealed that TPSP2, with a molecular weight of 1.51 × 103 kDa, is composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galactose, xylose, arabinose, and fucose in specific molar ratios. The primary linkages identified include t‐Fuc(p), 1,2‐Xyl(p), t‐GlcA(p), 1,3‐Man(p), and 1,2,3‐Man(p), with their corresponding ratios being 12.987%, 11.404%, 16.050%, 16.527%, and 26.624%, respectively. In vivo experiments demonstrated that TPSP2 significantly alleviated high‐fat diet‐induced weight gain, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance in mice. Mechanistically, TPSP2 was found to enhance AMPK/PINK1‐PRKN‐dependent mitophagy by upregulating the p‐AMPK/AMPK ratio, LC3‐II/I ratio, and expression of PINK1, PRKN, prohibitin 2 (PHB2), and LAMP2, while downregulating p62 and TOM20 expression. Conclusion: This study suggested that TPSP2 could be a promising candidate for addressing obesity‐related metabolic disorders by targeting mitochondrial quality control mechanisms.
Metabolomics Reveal the Anti‐Hyperuricemia Effects and Mechanisms of Sunflower Head Extract in Hyperuricemia Mice Model
Authors: Li Gang , Zhang Ying , Cheng Yu , Chao Hong , Yang Xiaolei , Dong Yan‐Mei , Li Xingsan , Xue Haifeng , Wang Mingxia , Qi Lei , Liu Jicheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHyperuricemia (HUA) is a globally prevalent metabolic disease characterized by excessive production or insufficient excretion of uric acid in the serum. Although several drugs are available for the treatment of HUA, they have been associated with undesirable side effects. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of sunflower head extract (KHE) on HUA in a mouse model and explore its potential mechanisms. All mice were randomly divided into three groups: Normal control (NC, 0.5% CMC‐Na), HUA model (MD, yeast extract paste 20 g/kg), and KHE treatment group (KHE, 1 g/kg). Biochemical indicators, the oxidative stress state, and metabolomics were analyzed. KHE reduced the levels of 5‐aminoimidazole ribonucleotide, xanthine, hypoxanthine, and uric acid in the serum of mice with HUA but increased the levels of adenine and taurine. KHE decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes, the hepatic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and the serum levels of betaine aldehyde and beta‐D‐glucosamine. KHE improved oxidative stress levels and mitigated potential damage to the kidneys and joints caused by urate deposition. These findings provide comprehensive evidence supporting the anti‐HUA effects and underlying mechanisms of KHE in HUA mice.
Self‐supervised adversarial diffusion models for fast MRI reconstruction
Authors: Safari Mojtaba , Eidex Zach , Pan Shaoyan , Qiu Richard L. J. , Yang Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers excellent soft tissue contrast essential for diagnosis and treatment, but its long acquisition times can cause patient discomfort and motion artifacts.PurposeTo propose a self‐supervised deep learning‐based compressed sensing MRI method named “Self‐Supervised Adversarial Diffusion for MRI Accelerated Reconstruction (SSAD‐MRI)” to accelerate data acquisition without requiring fully sampled datasets.Materials and MethodsWe used the fastMRI multi‐coil brain axial ‐weighted (‐w) dataset from 1376 cases and single‐coil brain quantitative magnetization prepared 2 rapid acquisition gradient echoes maps from 318 cases to train and test our model. Robustness against domain shift was evaluated using two out‐of‐distribution (OOD) datasets: multi‐coil brain axial postcontrast ‐weighted () dataset from 50 cases and axial T1‐weighted (T1‐w) dataset from 50 patients. Data were retrospectively subsampled at acceleration rates . SSAD‐MRI partitions a random sampling pattern into two disjoint sets, ensuring data consistency during training. We compared our method with ReconFormer Transformer and SS‐MRI, assessing performance using normalized mean squared error (NMSE), peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index (SSIM). Statistical tests included one‐way analysis of variance and multi‐comparison Tukey's honesty significant difference (HSD) tests.ResultsSSAD‐MRI preserved fine structures and brain abnormalities visually better than comparative methods at for both multi‐coil and single‐coil datasets. It achieved the lowest NMSE at , and the highest PSNR and SSIM values at all acceleration rates for the multi‐coil dataset. Similar trends were observed for the single‐coil dataset, though SSIM values were comparable to ReconFormer at . These results were further confirmed by the voxel‐wise correlation scatter plots. OOD results showed significant (p ) improvements in undersampled image quality after reconstruction.ConclusionsSSAD‐MRI successfully reconstructs fully sampled images without utilizing them in the training step, potentially reducing imaging costs and enhancing image quality crucial for diagnosis and treatment.
Investigating the Link Between Free Androgen Index and Nocturia in Women: Findings From National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors: Gao Shang , Fan Lianhui , He Jingteng , Liu Hongtao , Tian Renli 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNocturia is the most prevalent lower urinary tract symptom in women, affecting approximately 54.5% of female patients and significantly impacting the quality of life. While the androgen levels may be related to urinary function, its association with nocturia in women remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between androgen levels and nocturia in women.MethodsThis study utilized data from the 2013–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), including 4531 women aged 20 and above. The level of androgen is reflected by the total testosterone (TT) and free androgen index (FAI). Weighted logistic regression models were employed to analyze the association between FAI, TT, and nocturia.ResultsAfter comprehensive adjustment for confounding factors, higher FAI levels were significantly associated with a reduced risk of nocturia (OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.74–0.95). Women in the highest FAI tertile had a significantly lower incidence of nocturia compared to those in the lowest tertile (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.60–0.93). Trend analysis indicated a significant decrease in nocturia occurrence with increasing FAI levels (P for trend = 0.0177). No significant association was found between TT levels and nocturia.ConclusionsHigher FAI levels are significantly inversely associated with nocturia in women, suggesting that bioavailable testosterone may have a protective effect against nocturia. This finding underscores the importance of considering FAI levels in research and clinical practice, and future studies should explore the potential benefits of modulating FAI levels in women with nocturia.
Oral microbiota and central nervous system diseases: A review
Authors: Zhang Xiaoxuan , Zhong Mengmeng , Li Yang , Wang Hui , Xi Guangjun , Wang Feng , Cheng Chao , Shi Yachen 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOral microbiota is the second largest microbial colony in the body and forms a complex ecological community that influences oral and brain health. Impaired homeostasis of the oral microbiota can lead to pathological changes, resulting in central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, the mechanisms and clinical value of how the oral microbiome influences the brain remain unclear. This review summarizes recent clinical findings on the role of the oral microbiota in CNS diseases and proposes potential approaches to understand the way the oral microbiota and brain communicate. We propose three underlying patterns involving neuroinflammation, neuroendocrine regulation, and CNS signaling between oral microbiota and CNS diseases. We also summarize the clinical characteristics and potential utilization of the oral microbiota in ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, intracranial aneurysms, and mental disorders. Although the current findings are preliminary and clinical evidence is incomplete, oral microbiota is a potential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CNS diseases.
Workforce Recruitment Through Pre‐Nursing Vocational and Education Training Schemes. A Qualitative Evaluation Through a Social Capital Lens
Authors: Waite Marion , Appleton Jane , Greenway Kathleen , Crookston Robert , Nathoo Sanj , Henshall Catherine 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo evaluate learners' and stakeholders' experiences and perspectives of two models of pre‐nursing vocational education and training (VET) schemes on nursing workforce recruitment.DesignQualitative exploratory approach.MethodsThis qualitative study comprised online, semi‐structured interviews of nine stakeholders and eight trainees from one United Kingdom region in which two pre‐nursing VET scheme models were implemented. Interview data was thematically analysed and interpreted through a social capital theory lens.ResultsThe interviews uncovered three key themes concerning the participants' experiences and perspectives on workforce recruitment: motivations and expectations, relational aspects of curriculum design and delivery and future possibilities. Established social structures were reported to be connected to education and clinical boundaries, enabling learners to build relationships with staff and patients and influencing their identity and career choices in healthcare. Limited placement opportunities hindered clinical learning, trainees from non‐traditional backgrounds were underrepresented, and the validity of the academic preparation was unclear.ConclusionThe study makes a novel contribution by explaining how social assets can be created for all parties through two pre‐nursing VET models when stakeholders' expectations and motivations align with learners' aspirations for a vocational route into nursing. This potentially leads to recruitment into nursing and healthcare pathways. The study's insights also showed a lack of recognition of this route to nursing and a lack of standardisation in access and educational delivery. The findings have implications for policy and educational practice. A deeper understanding of the socioeconomic factors affecting learners' nursing and healthcare career choices can enhance existing knowledge. Furthermore, studies are required to compare with other regions nationally and internationally to determine how pre‐nursing VET schemes significantly address the global nurse recruitment crisis while considering local social and economic contexts.Reporting MethodConsolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ).Patient or Public ContributionStakeholder consultation during the study's design phase influenced the development of the research questions. Presenting the findings at a regional stakeholder workshop highlighted the key discussion points reported in the paper.
Synthesis of Dendritic Oligo‐Glycerol Amphiphiles with Different Hydrophobic Segments to Improve their Performance as Nanocarriers
Authors: Kumari Pooja , Zoister Christian , Hanheiser Natalie , Makki Hesam , Schade Boris , Dimde Mathias , Achazi Katharina , Kumar Sumit , Haag Rainer , Singh Abhishek K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractA new class of non‐ionic dendritic amphiphiles has been developed from biobased chemicals, in particular glycerol‐based dendrons coupled to commercially available acids via the Steglich esterification process. These non‐ionic amphiphiles are functionalized with different hydrophobic segments to investigate the contribution of the same towards their guest transport behaviour. Therefore, different alkyl chains i.e, C8 and C12, as well as two different aromatic units were introduced as a hydrophobic segments and G1‐oligo‐glycerol as a hydrophilic segment. Their physicochemical properties were characterized by different techniques such as dynamic light scattering and fluorescence measurements. The results show that these amphiphiles form a very uniform micellar supramolecular structures that is independent of the hydrophobic system. The critical micelle concentration for the prepared non‐ionic amphiphiles was found to be in the range of 0.3 to 1.8 mg/mL, which depend on the type of hydrophobic units. The encapsulation capacities of the amphiphiles were tested using Nile Red and Nimodipine as model dye and drug, respectively. The encapsulation studies showed a preference for C12‐ and pyrene‐based amphiphiles through relatively different mechanisms unraveled by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Further, the cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of these systems as well as the release profiles were investigated.
Development of Halloysite Nanotubes (HNT) Incorporated Crosslinked Sodium Alginate Membranes for Dehydration of Isopropanol Using Pervaporation Separation
Authors: Chavan Shreenivas G. , Davis Fred J. , Kariduraganavar Mahadevappa Y. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPervaporation (PV) separation of azeotropic mixtures has shown considerable potential as an alternative to distillation. However, developing high‐performance PV membranes with a high flux and separation factor has been a significant challenge in this process. In this work, we have developed halloysite nanotube (HNT) incorporated sodium alginate (NaAlg) membranes crosslinked with poly(styrene sulfonic acid‐co‐maleic acid) (PSSA‐co‐MA). The developed membranes contained 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 mass% of HNT with respect to NaAlg. An equilibrium swelling experiment was carried out using various compositions of water and isopropanol mixtures. The separation performance of HNT incorporated NaAlg‐PSSAMA membranes was examined systematically for the separation of isopropanol azeotropic mixtures at various temperatures. The membranes containing 20 mass% of HNT exhibited the maximum separation factor (α) of 14,785, with a flux (J) of 21.08 × 10−2 kg m−2 h−1 at 30°C for 10 mass% of water in the feed. These membranes were capable of breaking the azeotropic point of mixtures of water–isopropanol efficiently. The activation energy values obtained for water permeation were much lower than those obtained for isopropanol permeation, indicating that these membranes had good separation capacity for the water–isopropanol system. The activation energy for total permeation (EP) for the membranes M‐0 and M‐4 are 20.95 and 23.37 kJ mol−1, respectively. Similarly, the activation energy for total permeation diffusion (ED) for the membranes M‐0 and M‐4 are 21.76 and 25.48 kJ mol−1, respectively. The enthalpy values of all the membranes are negative, indicating that Langmuir's mechanism of sorption predominated the process.
Hydrogel Based on Starch and Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Recycling Products for the Slow Release of Urea
Authors: Gerling Esteban , Schneider Daniela E. , Gryczak Marcelo , Petzhold Cesar L. , Daitx Tales S. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study focused on developing a novel polymeric hydrogel for agricultural applications, addressing the challenges of nutrient retention and controlled release. The hydrogel was synthesized using starch as a matrix and incorporated dPET, a byproduct of polyethylene terephthalate depolymerization, as a hydrophobic modifier. Urea was included as fertilizer. The dPET, was synthesized via a sustainable microwave‐assisted method, was characterized to confirm its successful synthesis. Hydrogels were prepared with varying dPET content (0%, 20%, 50%, and 65%). The 65% dPET hydrogel exhibited significantly reduced water uptake (from 1061% to 226%) and improved brittleness compared with the control. Thermal analysis revealed a decrease in the stability, with the onset of degradation shifting from 330°C to 135°C. Subsequently, urea (5, 10, and 20 wt.%) was incorporated into the hydrogel formulations. Evaluation using corn and onion crops demonstrated that the hydrogel with 35% starch and 65% dPET achieved a 60% reduction in urea release compared to free urea, while maintaining a slow and controlled release profile. Importantly, none of the hydrogel formulations inhibited crop growth and development. These findings contribute significantly to the development of cost‐effective and eco‐friendly fertilizers for sustainable agriculture.
BinDel: Detecting Clinically Relevant Fetal Genomic Microdeletions Using Low‐Coverage Whole‐Genome Sequencing‐Based NIPT
Authors: Paluoja Priit , Jatsenko Tatjana , Teder Hindrek , Krjutškov Kaarel , Vermeesch Joris Robert , Salumets Andres , Palta Priit 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveClinically pathogenic chromosomal microdeletions cause severe genetic disorders. Motivated by the absence of reliable screening of microdeletions during the first‐trimester screening, we developed BinDel, a software tool to determine the risk of clinically relevant pathogenic fetal microdeletions from low‐coverage whole‐genome‐sequencing (WGS) based NIPT data.MethodsWe developed novel computational software that employs a targeted approach with region‐specific normalisation and calling procedures to detect microdeletion risk in predefined chromosomal regions. The software was developed using 500 NIPT samples and validated on an additional 84 samples, including 34 rare fetal microdeletions confirmed both pre‐ and postnatally.ResultsBinDel correctly identified 30 out of 34 samples with microdeletions, with only three false‐positive calls among 50 euploid samples, all latter originating from the Williams‐Beuren and Prader‐Willi/Angelman syndrome‐associated microdeletion regions.ConclusionsWe confirmed BinDel's feasibility for integrating microdeletion analysis into routine NIPT protocol. This work stands as a unique contribution to prenatal microdeletion screening, providing a novel and readily available software tool that was validated with a large set of actual microdeletion samples, positioning it as the first of its kind in the field. BinDel is available at https://github.com/seqinfo/BinDel.