bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contact‐Engineering of Self‐Aligned‐Gate Metal Oxide Transistors Processed via Electrode Self‐Delamination and Rapid Photonic Curing
Authors: Luo Linqu , Faber Hendrik , Liu Chen , Doukas Spyros , Yarali Emre , Adilbekova Begimai , Naphade Dipti R. , Xiao Na , Ma Yinchang , Mazo‐Mantilla Harold F. , Panagiotidis Lazaros , Alghamdi Wejdan S. , Florica Camelia Florina , Nugraha Mohamad Insan , Li Xiaohang , Zhang Xixiang , Heeney Martin , Lidorikis Elefterios , Anthopoulos Thomas D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetal oxide thin‐film transistors (TFTs) offer remarkable opportunities for applications in emerging transparent and flexible microelectronics. Unfortunately, their performance is hindered by limitations associated with parasitic effects, such as parasitic electrode overlap capacitances and high contact resistance, which can severely limit their dynamic behavior. Here, an innovative method is reported to fabricate coplanar self‐aligned‐gate (SAG) indium‐gallium‐zinc‐oxide (IGZO) transistors with engineered source/drain contacts. The manufacturing process starts with the deposition and patterning of a gate electrode/dielectric stack and its functionalization with an organic self‐assembled monolayer (SAM) as the surface energy modifier. A second gold (Au) electrode is subsequently deposited over the gate electrode stack. The overlapping region between the two electrodes is removed via self‐delamination under mild sonication, forming perfectly aligned coplanar Au‐Gate‐Au electrodes. Device fabrication is completed with the spin coating of the IGZO precursor, followed by rapid photonic curing. Replacing the gold source/drain contact with bimetallic electrodes such as Au/In and Au/ITO enables a reduction in contact resistance and improves the transistor performance remarkably without increasing manufacturing complexity. The method is highly scalable, robust, and applicable to other semiconductor materials.
Internal Electron Donor Accelerated Sulfur Redox for Aqueous Zn─S Batteries
Authors: Zhang Hui , Yang Min , Xiao Jin , Wu Zhibin , Xin Wenli , Xiao Xilin , Niu Mengfan , Yan Zichao , Zhu Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImproving the electrical conductivity of sulfur cathode while ensuring its high affinity to catalyst holds the key to facilitate the reaction kinetics of aqueous zinc–sulfur batteries. Herein, the sulfur redox in aqueous electrolyte is accelerated by introducing selenium–sulfur bonds into the sulfur structure to build an internal electron transport path. The Se with less electronegativity can act as an electron donor to accelerate the binding between S and Zn2+. Meanwhile, the bonded Se in the electron‐poor state endows the modified sulfur cathode with a strong affinity to the I3− catalyst, which further facilitates the conversion efficiency. Thus, the internal electron donor assisted sulfur cathode delivers excellent electrochemical performance in terms of high reversible capacity (1490 mAh g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), competitive rate performance (1010 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1), as well as outstanding cycle stability (735 mAh g−1 at 4 A g−1 after 500 cycles).
A Methylene Blue/Sodium Sulfinate Photo‐Initiating System for the Red‐Light Emulsion Photopolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate
Authors: Kalout Hanine , Lansalot Muriel , Bourgeat‐Lami Elodie , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Lacôte Emmanuel , Lalevée Jacques 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe emulsion photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) using red light is reported. The synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latexes is initiated by irradiation of a new, very efficient red‐absorbing methylene blue (MB)/sodium para‐toluenesulfinate (NapTS) system in the red region (660 nm). Visible, and especially red light penetrates the dispersed medium imposed by the emulsion process better than ultra‐violet photons (UVs). However, emulsion photopolymerizations require the development of fully water‐soluble initiating systems activable by red light, which is still hugely challenging because red photons are much less energetic, therefore generally lead to less efficient photochemical processes. The influence of the surfactant concentration and the solids content is examined over particle sizes and polymerization kinetics. The polymerizations work for solids contents between 10 and 25 wt%, with narrowly distributed particles of average sizes ranging from 40 to 65 nm. Calculations of Mie scattering support the observation that at a given wavelength the larger the particles the lower the penetration. All latexes obtained are slightly blue, which are traced to the regeneration of MB when the latexes are exposed to dioxygen. The dye regeneration enables the reactivation of the photopolymerization process.
Hierarchically‐Structured and Mechanically‐Robust Hydrogel Electrolytes for Flexible Zinc‐Iodine Batteries
Authors: Tan Yun , Liao Ruixi , Mu Yongbiao , Dong Li , Chen Xingmei , Xue Yu , Zheng Ziman , Wang Fucheng , Ni Zhipeng , Guo Jin , Gu Huicun , Wang Yafei , Wang Zongbao , Zeng Lin , Liu Ji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHydrogel electrolytes have been widely explored in aqueous zinc‐iodine batteries (AZIBs), in light of their intrinsic strong water‐retention capability and superior flexibility of hydrogel network. However, hydrogel‐based AZIBs are still facing challenges due to the inferior ionic conductivity, dendrite formation, and corresponding fatigue‐induced damage. Herein, a hydrogel electrolyte is designed and engineered with preferentially aligned porous structures, where Zn2+ can promptly transport along the pores. AZIBs fabricated from the hydrogel electrolyte exhibited distinct cycling stability over 1,000 h (500 cycles) at 0.5 mA cm−2. Moreover, in light of the substantially improved mechanical robustness, the hydrogel electrolyte network remained intact over a 27,000‐cycle charging/discharging test at 5 A g−1, with a slight change in capacity, surpassing most previously reported AZIBs. Such kind of hydrogel electrolyte‐based AZIBs can be further explored as the flexible power system for wearable devices, enabling significantly accelerated wound healing through electrical stimulation over the epidermal wounds. This work sheds light on hydrogel electrolytes design for long‐life aqueous zinc‐based batteries, with great potential as power systems for wearable and implantable devices.
High‐Performance Transparent Electron‐Selective Contact for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Dacheng , Bi Qunyu , Li Kun , Gao Kun , Wang Xinyu , Shi Wei , Wang Shibo , Xing Chunfang , Zhang Xiaohong , Yang Xinbo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh‐efficiency silicon solar cells featuring doped silicon layer‐based carrier‐selective contacts suffer from optical losses due to parasitic absorption. In this work, a high‐performance electron‐selective contact with high transparency is presented, consisting of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) passivation layer, atomic‐layer‐deposited conductive magnesium oxide (MgOx) and low‐work‐function aluminium doped zinc oxide (AZO). The a‐Si:H/MgOx/AZO stack is demonstrated to be an excellent and transparent electron‐selective contact on c‐Si, featuring a small contact resistivity (ρc) of 56.0 mΩ cm2 and a low saturation current density (J0) of 2.9 fA cm−2 simultaneously. By the implementation of the a‐Si:H/MgOx/AZO front contact, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.3% is achieved on silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, featuring an absolute short‐circuit current density (Jsc) and PCE gain of 1.3 mA cm−2 and 1.2%, respectively, compared to the conventional phosphorus‐doped silicon layer‐based electron‐selective contact. Moreover, a state‐of‐the‐art PCE of 22.8% is obtained on c‐Si solar cells with dopant‐free asymmetric heterocontacts on both sides, featuring an a‐Si:H/MgOx/AZO front contact and an a‐Si:H/vanadium oxide (VOx) rear contact.
Trifunctional Intermetallic PtZn‐Based Electrocatalyst for Integrated Hybrid Acid/Alkali Electrochemical Cell toward Glycerol Conversion and H2 Generation
Authors: Wang Peng , Chen Kai , Chen Junxiang , Wang Genxiang , Pan Weifan , Wen Zhenhai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe advancement of renewable energy is intricately relied on the development of diverse sustainable electrochemical devices. Persuing exceptionally efficient multifunctional electrocatalysts is imperative, as it promises to significantly streamline the electrode fabrication process, thereby enhancing the overall effectiveness of these devices. Herein, a trifunctional electrocatalysts of N‐doped carbon (NC) supported intermetallic PtZn catalyst (PtZn‐IMC@NC) are reported, which performs highly attractively toward the electrocatalysis of glycerol oxidation reactions (GOR), oxygen reduction reactions (ORR), and hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). Its effectiveness are demonstrated as electrocatalysts for both the anode and cathode in a hybrid acid/alkali direct glycerol fuel cell (AA‐DGFC) and a hybrid acid/alkali glycerol‐hydrogen electrolyzer (AA‐GHEC). The AA‐DGFC can release an impressive peak power density of 286.8 mW cm−2, while the AA‐GHEC achieves a noteworthy current density of 100 mA cm−2 at a significantly low applied voltage of 0.47 V. Such intermetallic PtZn‐based trifunctional electrocatalyst empowers them to establish a self‐powered integrated electrochemical device with the AA‐DGFC driving the AA‐GHEC. This setup exemplifies efficient valorization of glycerol into formate in both cells and hydrogen production in electrolyzer device. This study sparks innovation across diverse applications of multifunctional electrocatalysts and infuses renewed momentum into the realm of advanced energy devices.
Microfluidic Interfaces for Chronic Bidirectional Access to the Brain
Authors: Marcigaglia Simone , De Plus Robin , Vandendriessche Charysse , Schiltz Eleonore , Cuypers Marie‐Lynn , Cools Jordi , Hoffman Luis D. , Vandenbroucke Roosmarijn E. , Dewilde Maarten , Haesler Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwo‐photon polymerization (TPP) is an additive manufacturing technique with micron‐scale resolution that is rapidly gaining ground for a range of biomedical applications. TPP is particularly attractive for the creation of microscopic three‐dimensional structures in biocompatible and noncytotoxic resins. Here, TPP is used to develop microfluidic interfaces which provide chronic fluidic access to the brain of preclinical research models. These microcatheters can be used for either convection‐enhanced delivery (CED) or for the repeated collection of liquid biopsies. In a brain phantom, infusions with the micronozzle result in more localized distribution clouds and lower backflow compared to a control catheter. In mice, the delivery interface enables faster, more precise, and physiologically less disruptive fluid injections. A second microcatheter design enables repeated, longitudinal sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) over time periods as long as 250 days. Moreover, further in vivo studies demonstrate that the blood‐CSF barrier is intact after chronic implantation of the sampling interface and that samples are suitable for downstream molecular analysis for the identification of nucleic acid‐ or peptide‐based biomarkers. Ultimately, the versatility of this fabrication technique implies a great translational potential for simultaneous drug delivery and biomarker tracking in a range of human neurological diseases.
Multifunctional Laser‐Induced Graphene‐Based Microfluidic Chip for High‐Performance Oocyte Cryopreservation with Low Concentration of Cryoprotectants
Authors: Li Yifang , Zhang Jixiang , Han Wei , Liu Bianhua , Zhai Mengjie , Li Nian , Wang Zhenyang , Zhao Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOocyte cryopreservation is essential in the field of assisted reproduction, but due to the large size and poor environmental tolerance of oocytes, cell freezing technology needs further improvement. Here, a Y‐shaped microfluidic chip based on 3D graphene is ingeniously devised by combining laser‐induced graphene (LIG) technology and fiber etching technology. The prepared LIG/PDMS microfluidic chip can effectively suppress ice crystal size and delay ice crystal freezing time by adjusting surface hydrophobicity. In addition, LIG endows the microfluidic chip with an outstanding photothermal effect, which allows to sharply increase its surface temperature from 25 to 71.8 °C with 10 s of low‐power 808 nm laser irradiation (0.4 W cm−2). Notably, the LIG/PDMS microfluidic chip not only replaces the traditional cryopreservation carriers, but also effectively reduces the dosage of cryoprotectants (CPAs) needed in mouse oocyte cryopreservation. Even when the concentration of CPAs is cut in half (final concentration of 7.5% ethylene glycol (EG) and 7.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)), the survival rate of oocytes is still as high as 92.4%, significantly higher than the control group's 85.8%. Therefore, this work provides a novel design strategy to construct multifunctional microfluidic chips for high‐performance oocytes cryopreservation.
Correlating Material Properties to Osteoprotegerin Expression on Nanoparticulate Mineralized Collagen Glycosaminoglycan Scaffolds
Authors: Chen Wei , Bedar Meiwand , Zhou Qi , Ren Xiaoyan , Kang Youngnam , Huang Kelly X. , Rubino Grace , Kolliopoulos Vasiliki , Moghadam Shahrzad , Cascavita Catherine T. , Taylor Jeremiah M. , Chevalier Jose M. , Harley Brendan A.C. , Lee Justine C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrecision material design directed by cell biological processes represents a frontier in developing clinically translatable regenerative technologies. While understanding cell‐material interactions on multipotent progenitor cells yields insights on target tissue differentiation, equally if not more important is the quantification of indirect multicellular interactions. In this work, the relationship of two material properties, phosphate content and stiffness, of a nanoparticulate mineralized collagen glycosaminoglycan scaffold (MC‐GAG) in the expression of an endogenous anti‐osteoclastogenic secreted protein, osteoprotegerin (OPG) by primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is evaluated. The phosphate content of MC‐GAG requires the type III sodium phosphate symporter PiT‐1/SLC20A1 for OPG expression, correlating with β‐catenin downregulation, but is independent of the effects of phosphate ion on osteogenic differentiation. Using three stiffness MC‐GAG variants that do not differ significantly by osteogenic differentiation, it is observed that the softest material elicited ≈1.6–2 times higher OPG expression than the stiffer materials. Knockdown of the mechanosensitive signaling axis of YAP, TAZ, β‐catenin and combinations thereof in hMSCs on MC‐GAG demonstrates that β‐catenin downregulation increases OPG expression by 1.5‐fold. Taken together, these data constitute a roadmap for material properties that can used to suppress osteoclast activation via osteoprotegerin expression separately from the anabolic processes of osteogenesis.
Responsive Multi‐Arm PEG‐Modified COF Nanocomposites: Dynamic Photothermal, pH/ROS Dual‐Responsive, Targeted Carriers for Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment
Authors: Ge Saisai , Wang Xinyue , Zhao Xinru , Yuan Lingling , Bao Xuewei , Sun Caidie , Gong Zehua , Guo Jun , Yuan Siyu , Hu Danyou , Yang Jing , Yuan Bin , Zhang Guiyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic immune disease characterized by the infiltration of immune cells and the proliferation of fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) at the joint site, leading to inflammation and joint destruction. However, the available treatment options targeting both inflammatory and proliferative FLS are limited. Herein, this work presents three covalent organic frameworks (COFs) photothermal composite systems modified with multi‐armed polyethylene glycols (PEG) for the treatment of RA. These systems exhibit a dual response under low pH and high reactive oxygen species (ROS) conditions at the site of inflammation, with a specific focus on delivering the protein drug ribonuclease A (RNase A). Notably, molecular docking studies reveal the interaction between RNase A and NF‐κB p65 protein, and Western blotting confirm its inhibitory effect on NF‐κB activity. In vitro and in vivo experiments verify the significant reduction in joint swelling and deformities in adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AIA) rats after treatment with RNase A delivered by multi‐armed PEG‐modified COF ligands, restoring joint morphology to normal. These findings underscore the promising therapeutic potential of COFs for the treatment of RA, highlighting their unique capabilities in addressing both inflammatory and proliferative aspects of the disease and expanding the scope of biomedical applications for COFs.
Cu/CuxO/Graphdiyne Tandem Catalyst for Efficient Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
Authors: Feng Xueting , Liu Jiyuan , Kong Ya , Zhang Zixuan , Zhang Zedong , Li Shuzhou , Tong Lianming , Gao Xin , Zhang Jin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe electrocatalytic reduction reaction of nitrate (NO3−) to ammonia (NH3) is a feasible way to achieve artificial nitrogen cycle. However, the low yield rate and poor selectivity toward NH3 product is a technical challenge. Here a graphdiyne (GDY)‐based tandem catalyst featuring Cu/CuxO nanoparticles anchored to GDY support (termed Cu/CuxO/GDY) for efficient electrocatalytic NO3− reduction is presented. A high NH3 yield rate of 25.4 mg h−1 mgcat.−1 (25.4 mg h−1 cm−2) with a Faradaic efficiency of 99.8% at an applied potential of −0.8 V versus RHE using the designed catalyst is achieved. These performance metrics outperform most reported NO3− to NH3 catalysts in the alkaline media. Electrochemical measurements and density functional theory reveal that the NO3− preferentially attacks Cu/CuxO, and the GDY can effectively catalyze the reduction of NO2− to NH3. This work highlights the efficacy of GDY as a new class of tandem catalysts for the artificial nitrogen cycle and provides powerful guidelines for the design of tandem electrocatalysts.
Induction of Synaptic Plasticity in Flexible Organic Synaptic Transistors with Cross‐Linked Polymer Dielectric
Authors: Bhattacharjee Somnath , Tiwari Shree Prakash 
Published: June 2024

AbstractControlled cross‐linking of polymer dielectric poly (4‐vinylphenol) (PVP) is demonstrated as an effective tool in enhancing the performance of flexible organic synaptic transistors (OSTs). Investigation of variation of concentration of the cross‐linking agent methylated poly (melamine‐co‐formaldehyde) (PMCF) in PVP in bilayer combination with high‐k hafnium oxide (HfO2) as gate dielectric in devices shows that the lower concentration of cross‐linking agent results in better memory performance. OSTs with 26% PMCF concentration in PVP (by mass) exhibit excellent memory performance with memory window > 4 V for VGS sweep of ±5 V, static retention of ≈104 s, dynamic retention for 500 cycles, and ≈125 continuous program/erase cycles. Pulse paired facilitation with relaxation time constants of 370 and 4670 ms respectively for slow and rapid phases with regulating modulation amplitude of ≈1 resemble a biological synapse. Through excitatory post synaptic current characteristics, spike timing dependant plasticity and spike voltage dependant plasticity are clearly observed, with low energy consumption per spike on the order of 10 pJ. Further, by leveraging the intricate interconnected data transfer and computation phenomenon, “AND” logic is effectively implemented using these OSTs. These exciting results may open up new directions toward the development of hardware for neuromorphic computing.
Hybrid White OLEDs with High Electroluminescence Efficiency and High Color Rendering Index Achieved by a Sandwich Interlayer Sensitizing Configuration
Authors: Qiu Nuoling , Wu Xing , Zhuang Ning , Peng Xiaoluo , Tang Ben Zhong , Zhao Zujin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhite organic light‐emitting devices (WOLEDs) exhibit promising applications as white illumination and background light, but achieving high efficiencies, and high color quality for the WOLEDs still remains difficult. Herein, to enhance exciton utilization and improve the color quality of WOLEDs, a new sandwich configuration of an ultrathin orange phosphorescent layer located between two blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) layers is proposed, and the working mechanism is investigated. In this configuration, the interlayer sensitization from blue TADF layers to orange phosphorescent layer via efficient Förster energy transfer occurs, which effectively alleviates exciton quenching in emitting layers and thus results in excellent electroluminescence (EL) efficiencies and improved color quality. The obtained two‐color hybrid WOLED exhibits an external quantum efficiency (ηext) exceeding 27%, with Commission Internationale del'Eclairage (CIEx,y) coordinates of (0.335, 0.396) and a color rendering index (CRI) of 63. By further incorporating an ultrathin red phosphorescent layer between the orange phosphorescent layer and the blue TADF layer, the ηext maintains at 21.96% and the CRI increases to 91 (CIEx,y = 0.380, 0.366). These results demonstrate the proposed sandwich interlayer sensitizing configuration is an effective and feasible strategy for realizing high EL efficiencies and high color quality simultaneously for hybrid WOLEDs.
Dual‐Wavelength Controllable and Exciplex Emission for Laser Concealment
Authors: Man Zhongwei , Chen Zhong , Lv Zheng , Xu Zhenzhen , Liao Qing , Tang Aiwei , Teng Feng , Yao Jiannian , Fu Hongbing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs an advanced signal source, laser is very suitable for various photonic devices but implementing tunability of wavelength is more challenging. Herein, the study designs and synthesizes boron difluoride derivative tBuBF2, systematically studying the impact of assembly behavior on laser performance. The laser test results indicate that the emission wavelength of tBuBF2 microcrystals can be controlled by varying the length of the microcrystals, with the shorter wavelength of 0–1 vibronic lasing emission at 444 nm and the longer wavelength of 0–2 lasing emission at 468 nm. Mechanistic studies reveal that laser color change comes from an increase in optical propagation losses due to self‐absorption at the 0–1 vibronic band. Furthermore, CBP@tBuBF2 microcrystals constructed by doping with 4,4′‐bis(9‐carbazolyl)‐1,10‐biphenyl (CBP) as the guest molecule, which primarily exhibits 580 nm exciplex yellow emission while retaining weak blue emission. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the laser emission only occurred within the 0–2 vibronic band in the blue region owing to the increased self‐absorption phenomenon with 0–1 band, thus achieving controllable dual‐wavelength and exciplex emission for laser concealment. This work expands novel regulation strategy available for laser behavior control by enhancing the self‐absorption process, describing structure‐property relationships that will guide the design of advanced laser materials.
Synthesis of Enantiopure Vicinal Halohydrins Using a Sequence of Haloperoxidase and Lipase
Authors: De Marchi Elisa , Hilberath Thomas , Zippilli Claudio , Wever Ron , Saladino Raffaele , Hollmann Frank , Botta Lorenzo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVicinal halohydrins are key building blocks to produce bioactive molecules and drugs, especially if they can be obtained in enantiomerically pure form. In this study, we present a bi‐enzymatic sequence that allows to obtain vic‐halohydrins through a photochemoenzymatic olefin hydroxy halogenation followed by a lipase catalysed kinetic resolution. The absolute configuration of the resulting products was determined using Mosher's method