bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neutral Lipids in Free, Bound, and Starch Lipid Extracts of Flours, Sourdough, and Portuguese Sourdough Bread Determined by NP‐HPLC‐ELSD
Authors: Rocha J. M. , Kalo P. J. , Malcata F. X. 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTA detailed analysis was developed, focused on the neutral lipids (NL) in free (FL), bound (BL), and starch lipid (SL) extracts of maize and rye flours, sourdough, and broa (a traditional bread manufactured in Portugal). Selective sequential extraction of said lipids with hexane at 20°C, water‐saturated n‐butanol at 20°C, and n‐propanol‐water (3:1, v/v) at 100°C was performed to clean the lipid extracts from extraneous impurities, and isolation thereof from glyco‐ and phospholipids was by solid phase extraction of NL; these classes were then quantitatively assayed by HPLC, using evaporative light scattering detection, with calibration curves prepared with standard mixtures of NL. The BL and SL contents in the original flours increased and that of FL decreased throughout the fermentation and baking processes. The dominant NL class was not the same in all lipid extracts; the highest concentrations of triacylglycerols and the lowest concentrations of free fatty acids were detected in FL—with the former accounting for 82, 76, and 71% of the total FL in flours, sourdough, and bread, respectively. Triacylglycerols and free fatty acids also accounted for the highest concentrations found in BL: these, together with diacylglycerols, contributed up to 84% of the total neutral BL. High levels of free fatty acids and low levels of the remaining NL classes were typically found in SL: free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, sterol esters, and diacylglycerols accounted for ≈90% of the total SL.
Impact on alcohol‐related mortality of a rapid rise in the density of private liquor outlets in British Columbia: a local area multi‐level analysis
Authors: Stockwell Tim , Zhao Jinhui , Macdonald Scott , Vallance Kate , Gruenewald Paul , Ponicki William , Holder Harold , Treno Andrew 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTAims  To study relationships between rates of alcohol‐related deaths and (i) the density of liquor outlets and (ii) the proportion of liquor stores owned privately in British Columbia (BC) during a period of rapid increase in private stores.Design  Multi‐level regression analyses assessed the relationship between population rates of private liquor stores and alcohol‐related mortality after adjusting for potential confounding.Setting  The 89 local health areas of BC, Canada across a 6‐year period from 2003 to 2008, for a longitudinal sample with n = 534.Measurements  Population rates of liquor store density, alcohol‐related death and socio‐economic variables obtained from government sources.Findings  The total number of liquor stores per 1000 residents was associated significantly and positively with population rates of alcohol‐related death (P < 0.01). A conservative estimate is that rates of alcohol‐related death increased by 3.25% for each 20% increase in private store density. The percentage of liquor stores in private ownership was also associated independently with local rates of alcohol‐related death after controlling for overall liquor store density (P < 0.05). Alternative models confirmed significant relationships between changes in private store density and mortality over time.Conclusions  The rapidly rising densities of private liquor stores in British Columbia from 2003 to 2008 was associated with a significant local‐area increase in rates of alcohol‐related death.
Interphase fluorescent in situ hybridization deletion analysis of the 9p21 region and prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL): results from a prospective analysis of 519 Nordic patients treated according to the NOPHO‐ALL 2000 protocol
Authors: Kuchinskaya Ekaterina , Heyman Mats , Nordgren Ann , Söderhäll Stefan , Forestier Erik , Wehner Peder , Vettenranta Kim , Jonsson Olafur , Wesenberg Finn , Sahlén Sigrid , Nordenskjöld Magnus , Blennow Elisabeth 
Published: January 2011

SummaryInterphase fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied on diagnostic BM smears from 519 children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in order to establish the frequency and prognostic importance of 9p21 deletion in children enrolled in the Nordic Society of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology (NOPHO) – 2000 treatment protocol. Among the patients, 452 were diagnosed with B‐cell precursor (BCP)‐ALL and 66 with T‐ALL. A higher incidence of 9p21 deletions was found in T‐ALL (38%) compared to BCP‐ALL (15·7%). Homozygous deletions were found in 19·7% of T‐ALL and 4·0% of BCP‐ALL; hemizygous deletions were found in 18·2% and 11·7% respectively. In our series, 9p21 deletions were detected in all age groups with a steady rise in the frequency with age. There was no significant difference in outcome between cases with or without 9p21 deletion or between cases with hemi‐ or homozygous deletions of 9p21. In conclusion, in this large series of childhood ALL deletion of 9p21 was not associated with worse prognosis. However, interphase FISH deletion analysis of 9p21 could be used as a first step to detect unfavourable subtle cytogenetic aberrations such as the dic(9;20) rearrangement.
Bortezomib and thalidomide, a steroid free regimen in newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Ghosh Nilanjan , Ye Xiaobu , Ferguson Anna , Huff Carol Ann , Borrello Ivan 
Published: January 2011

SummaryDespite their efficacy in myeloma, corticosteroids have acute and chronic toxicities. Newer agents with significant anti‐myeloma activity permit the development of steroid‐free regimens. We designed a Phase II clinical trial to study the toxicity and efficacy of a steroid‐free combination of bortezomib and thalidomide as a first‐line treatment in patients with symptomatic myeloma. Patients received bortezomib 1·3 mg/m2 on days 1, 4, 8 and 11 every 21 d and thalidomide 150 mg/d for a maximum of eight cycles. Amongst 27 evaluable patients, the overall response was 81·5% with 25·8% near complete response or greater. The response rate was comparable to most other two drug combinations for upfront therapy but lower than that obtained with the use of three drugs. The most common grade 3 toxicities were peripheral neuropathy (22%), pneumonia (15%), fatigue (7%) and anaemia (7%). Peripheral neuropathy completely resolved in 80% of the patients upon completion of therapy, but not in the remaining 20% of patients. No venous thromboembolic events were observed even in the absence of prophylactic anticoagulation. The median progression‐free survival was 16·8 months (95% confidence interval 8·7–21·6 months). Median overall survival has not yet been reached at a median follow up of 39 months. The 3‐year overall survival was 74%. This study demonstrates: (i) the efficacy of a steroid‐free regimen; (ii) mostly reversible treatment‐related peripheral neuropathy; and (iii) the absence of venous thrombotic events.
Diversity and invasion within a predator community: impacts on herbivore suppression
Authors: Hogg Brian N. , Daane Kent M. 
Published: January 2011

Summary 1. Management strategies to enhance ecosystem services in agroecosystems often seek to increase predator biodiversity. Invaders commonly dominate predator communities in agricultural landscapes, however, and the impacts of exotic predators on native predators and ecosystem services are largely unknown. Exotic predators may complement native predator diversity and enhance herbivore suppression, or they may disrupt herbivore suppression through predator interference. 2. We examined the impacts of a dominant exotic predator within the diverse predator community of a California vineyard. Interactions between the exotic wandering spider Cheiracanthium mildei, its closest native ecological homologue (the wandering spider Anyphaena pacifica) and a native spider displaying a different hunting mode (the cobweb‐weaving spider Theridion melanurum) were tested in a manipulative field experiment, with the grape leafhopper Erythroneura elegantula acting as a shared herbivore prey source. 3. We found that the exotic wandering spider suppressed both grape leafhoppers and other unmanipulated leafhopper species that were present in cages. Native spiders had little or no impacts on leafhopper suppression. Thus, C. mildei appears to drive predatory impacts in this system, although evidence also indicated that it is limited by intraspecific interactions. The superior predatory ability displayed by this spider may be shared by other invasive predators that dominate agroecosystems. 4. Despite its effects on leafhoppers, C. mildei negatively impacted a range of spider species, including A. pacifica, T. melanurum, and other unmanipulated native spiders. These impacts are likely to have been mediated through intraguild predation. The wandering hunting mode of C. mildei may have facilitated its role as an intraguild predator. 5. Synthesis and applications. Our results highlight the sometimes conflicting aims of biological control and conservation. Here, a dominant invasive predator increased ecosystem services but also caused declines in numbers of native predators. As disturbed conditions in agroecosystems are likely to put invasive predators at an adaptive advantage, efforts to conserve biodiversity in agricultural landscapes should focus on shifting the outcomes of species interactions to favour native species.
Portal vein obstruction after liver transplantation in children treated by simultaneous minilaparotomy and transhepatic approaches: Initial experience
Authors: Carnevale Francisco C. , Santos Aline C. B. , Seda‐Neto João , Zurstrassen Charles E. , Moreira Airton M. , Carone Eduardo , Marcelino Antonio S. Z. , Porta Gilda , Pugliese Renata , Miura Irene , Baggio Vera D. , Guimarães Teresa , Cerri Giovanni G. , Chapchap Paulo 
Published: January 2011

Carnevale FC, Santos ACB, Seda‐Neto J, Zurstrassen CE, Moreira AM, Carone E, Marcelino ASZ, Porta G, Pugliese R, Miura I, Baggio VD, Guimarães T, Cerri GG, Chapchap P. Portal vein obstruction after liver transplantation in children treated by simultaneous minilaparotomy and transhepatic approaches: Initial experience. Pediatr Transplantation 2011: 15: 47–52. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Portal vein thrombosis is a complication that occurs anytime after liver transplantation and can compromise the patient and graft survival. We describe a combined technique for PV recanalization in cases of PV obstruction after liver transplantation. Four children (1%), of 367 subjected to liver transplantation from June 1991 to December 2008, underwent PV recanalization through a combined approach (transhepatic and minilaparotomy). All children received left lateral hepatic segments, developed Portal vein thrombosis (n = 3) and stenosis (n = 1), and presented with symptoms of portal hypertension after transplantation. PV recanalization was tried by transhepatic retrograde access, and a minilaparotomy was performed when percutaneous recanalization was unsuccessful. Three patients underwent a successful portal recanalization and stent placement with the combined technique. In one patient, the recanalization was unsuccessful because of an extensive portomesenteric thrombosis. The other three children had the portal flow reestablished and followed with Doppler US studies. They received oral anticoagulation for three consecutive months after the procedure and the clinical symptoms subsided. In case of PV obstruction, the combined approach is technically feasible with good clinical and hemodynamic results. It’ is a minimally invasive procedure and can be tried to avoid or delay surgical treatment or retransplantation.
Blood pressure or blood flow: Which is important in the preterm infant? A case report of twins
Authors: Shah Dharmesh M , Condò Manuela , Bowen Jennifer , Kluckow Martin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThere is a poor association between systemic blood flow and blood pressure in preterm infants in the first days of life. Very preterm babies can have early low systemic blood flow with poor myocardial contractility but normal blood pressure. Superior vena cava flow measured by echocardiography can be used to determine systemic blood flow. Low superior vena cava flow is a risk factor for mortality and morbidity in preterm infants.We report the case of preterm twins with contrasting relationships among systemic blood flow, myocardial contractility and blood pressure. The first twin with normal blood pressure, but low superior vena cava flow and poor myocardial contractility in the first hours of life developed a severe intraventricular haemorrhage and died, despite cardiovascular support. The second twin with low blood pressure but normal superior vena cava flow did not develop adverse outcomes in the first days of life. These cases underline the usefulness of neonatal functional echocardiography in early understanding and management of the preterm infant, and the inaccuracy of other clinical parameters used to assess cardiovascular function.
Anhedonia in Japanese patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Fujiwara Shinya , Kimura Fumiharu , Hosokawa Takafumi , Ishida Shimon , Sugino Masakazu , Hanafusa Toshiaki 
Published: January 2011

Aim:  Anhedonia has been proposed as a specific mood disorder related to the dopaminergic nerve dysfunction seen in Parkinson's disease (PD). This study examined hedonic tone in patients with PD using the Snaith–Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) and investigated the associations with depressive mood by the Self‐Rating Questionnaire for Depression (SRQ‐D).Methods:  This study examined 100 patients with PD and 111 age‐matched controls (C2) recruited from 300 healthy subjects (C1) to compare the frequency of anhedonia and to clarify whether anhedonia in PD is associated with depression and anti‐Parkinson medication.Results:  Forty‐six percent of PD patients revealed possible/probable depression and 10 patients (10%) with PD showed anhedonia as compared to 3.3% in C1 and 2.7% in C2. The reduction in hedonic tone was related to depression in PD. Among 10 PD patients with anhedonia, seven were in anhedonia with depression and three were in anhedonia without depression. There was no sex difference in anhedonia and depression. No patients treated with pramipexole showed anhedonia but also the highest proportion of normal hedonic tone was found in patients treated with pramipexole among PD patients. In analysis of each SHAPS item, no significant difference was seen on social interaction scores in contrast to the significant reduction of interest/pastimes and sensory experience and food/drink scores between PD patients and C1/C2.Conclusion:  Anhedonia may overlap depressive syndrome but some PD patients without depression presented anhedonia. Pramipexole could maintain hedonic tone. The PD patients could enjoy attracting attention and wish to do things helpful for others. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011; 11: 275–281.
Preliminary experience with external hemipelvectomy for locally advanced and recurrent pelvic carcinoma
Authors: Nielsen M. B. , Rasmussen P. , Keller J. , Laurberg S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAim  Eight highly selected patients are reported, undergoing external hemipelvectomy (EHP) for malignant infiltration of the lumbosacral neural plexus.Method  All patients were evaluated by positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT), CT and magnetic resonance imaging. No evidence of disseminated disease was found. With agreement by the multidisciplinary team, surgery was performed by a colorectal surgeon and an orthopaedic sarcoma surgeon and, if needed, by an urologist and vascular surgeon. Patients were reconstructed with either a femoral or a gluteal musculocutaneous flap.Results  Of the eight women [median age 54.5 (40–68) years], two had primary carcinoma and six local recurrence of a previously treated carcinoma. R0 was possible in six patients and R1 resection in two. The median duration of hospital stay was 29.5 (17–102) days. The median follow up was 8.3 (4.7–52.8) months. Three patients have died, one from postoperative complications at 5 months and two from recurrence at 5 and 52.8 months. Phantom‐limb was experienced in six patients. Four patients received a prosthesis, one is considering this and one does not want a prosthesis.Conclusion  Hemipelvectomy may be considered for a highly selected group of patients with locally advanced carcinoma or recurrence involving the lumbosacral neural plexus.
Tadalafil administered once daily for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a 1‐year, open‐label extension study
Authors: Donatucci Craig F. , Brock Gerald B. , Goldfischer Evan R. , Pommerville Peter J. , Elion‐Mboussa Albert , Kissel Jay D. , Viktrup Lars 
Published: January 2011

Study Type – Therapy (cohort) Level of Evidence 2b What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? Phosphodiesterase type‐5 (PDE5) inhibitors (tadalafil, vardenafil, and sildenafil) are well‐known treatment options for men with erectile dysfunction and should be taken before anticipated sexual activity.Tadalafil is also approved for once daily use in men with erectile dysfunction. Recent 12‐week studies in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have shown once daily use of tadalafil significantly reduced their urinary symptoms. This article is the first to report the long‐term safety and maintenance of efficacy for once‐daily use of tadalafil in men with urinary symptoms secondary to BPH.OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the 1‐year safety of 5 mg of tadalafil once daily in men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH‐LUTS); efficacy measures were included to evaluate the maintenance of efficacy after an additional year of treatment.PATIENTS AND METHODS• In total, 427 men who completed a 12‐week, placebo‐controlled, dose‐ finding study assessing once‐daily tadalafil (2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg) or placebo elected to continue into the open‐label extension period. Safety and efficacy parameters were assessed after 1 month and every 3 months.RESULTS• In total, 299 patients (69.9%) completed the 1‐year, open‐label extension period. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were reported by 57.6% of patients, with most TEAEs being mild (44%) or moderate (45%) in severity; the most common TEAEs (≥2%) were dyspepsia, gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease, back pain, headache, sinusitis, hypertension and cough. Twenty‐two patients (5.2%) discontinued as a result of AEs. During the open‐label extension period, mean prostate‐specific antigen increased from 1.6 ± 1.3 ng/mL to 1.8 ± 1.4 ng/mL.• Mean post‐void residual volume was 61.1 ± 60.4 mL at study entry and 42.2 ± 64.1 mL after the open‐label extension period. Changes in the total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), IPSS irritative and obstructive subscores, IPSS health‐related quality of life and BPH Impact Index were maintained after 1 year. In sexually‐active patients with erectile dysfunction, improvements in the International Index of Erectile Function–Erectile Function domain were maintained after 1 year.CONCLUSION• In men with BPH‐LUTS, 5 mg of tadalafil once daily during 1 year of treatment was well tolerated and efficacy changes were maintained.
Provider and partner interactions in the treatment decision‐making process for newly diagnosed localized prostate cancer
Authors: Zeliadt Steven B. , Penson David F. , Moinpour Carol M. , Blough David K. , Fedorenko Catherine R. , Hall Ingrid J. , Smith Judith Lee , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Thompson Ian M. , Keane Thomas E. , Ramsey Scott D. 
Published: January 2011

Study Type – Patient experience (non‐consecutive cohort)Level of Evidence 3bWhat’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?Decisions about prostate cancer treatment usually involve the patient, the patient’s closest family member (e.g. spouse or partner) and the physician, however no study has examined this “triad” of decision makers in detail. Moreover, no study has evaluated the role that prostate cancer patients’ partners play in the treatment decision‐making process.This study provides evidence that partners are very involved in the treatment decision making between loved ones and providers and often attend clinic visits. Provider encouragement of partner participation was associated with higher partner satisfaction and an increased likelihood of partners reporting very frequent discussions with their loved ones.OBJECTIVE• To evaluate the degree to which the partners of prostate cancer patients participate in the shared decision‐making process with the patients’ providers during the time between diagnosis and initiating treatment.PATIENTS AND METHODS• We recruited patients with newly diagnosed local‐stage prostate cancer and their partners to complete take‐home surveys after biopsy but before initiating treatment at urology practices in three states.• We asked partners to describe their roles in the decision‐making process, including participation in clinic visits, and perceptions of encouragement from providers to participate in the treatment decision‐making process. We also asked partners to rate their satisfaction with the patients’ providers.RESULTS• Family members of 80% of newly diagnosed patients agreed to participate; most (93%) were partners (i.e. spouses or significant others). Most partners (93%) had direct contact with the patients’ physicians.• Among the partners who had contact with providers, most (67%) were very satisfied with the patients’ providers and 80% indicated that the doctor encouraged them to participate in the treatment decision. Overall, 91% of partners reported very frequent discussions with their loved one about the pending treatment decision, and 69% reported that their role was to help the patient make a decision.• In multivariate models, provider encouragement of partner participation was associated with higher partner satisfaction (odds ratio 3.4, 95% CI 1.4–8.4) and an increased likelihood of partners reporting very frequent discussions with their loved one (odds ratio 6.1, 95% CI 1.3–27.7).CONCLUSIONS• Partners often attended clinic visits and were very involved in discussions about treatment options with both loved ones and providers.• Provider encouragement of participation by partners greatly facilitates shared decision‐making between patients and partners.
Phase I/II trial of subcutaneous interleukin‐2, granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor and interferon‐α in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Garcia Jorge A. , Mekhail Tarek , Elson Paul , Wood Laura , Bukowski Ronald M. , Dreicer Robert , Rini Brian I. 
Published: January 2011

Study Type – Therapy (individual cohort)Level of Evidence 2bOBJECTIVE• To determine, in a phase I/II trial, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), clinical activity and safety of concurrent subcutaneous (s.c.) interleukin‐2 (IL‐2), interferon‐α2b (IFN‐α) and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF).PATIENTS AND METHODS• Patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) received on a 3+3 trial design escalating doses of s.c. GM‐CSF, IL‐2 and IFN‐α.• Dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) during the first 6‐week cycle were used to determine the MTD.• A phase II trial was then initiated to determine clinical activity.RESULTS• A total of sixty patients were enrolled in the study (phase I = 31; phase II = 29).• Two DLTs were observed (G3 nausea/vomiting and fatigue) and the MTD was determined to be GM‐CSF 5.0 µg/kg/day, IL‐2 9.0 mIU/m2/day and IFN‐α 5.0 mU/m2/day.• Patients received a median (range) of four (one to 11) cycles of therapy. G3 adverse events were reported in 10 of 31 (32%) patients.• The overall response rate was 20% (one complete response and 11 partial responses), including patients who were rendered free of disease with surgery.• The median progression‐free survival and overall survival were 6.0 and 23.4 months, respectively.CONCLUSIONS• Immunotherapy with concurrent s.c. GM‐CSF, IL‐2 and IFN‐α is generally well tolerated.• The overall response rate observed with this combination continues to show the efficacy of immunotherapy in a selected group of metastatic RCC patients.