bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Dubayla al-Kabid (Liver abscess) in Unani medicine: A review
Authors: Rahman Ziaur , Alam Shah , Ahmad Irfan , Shaikh Nikhat , Adil Mohammad , Yadav Piyush , Devi MK Nirmala 
Published: May 2024

Dubayla al-Kabid (Liver abscess) is a condition in which collection of pus occurs in the liver commonly involving the right lobe. Traditional Unani medicine offers a detailed description of liver disorders alongwith their management. Causative factors of Dubayla al-Kabid include- infection, chronic dysentery, liver injury, cholelithiasis, irregular diets etc. The symptoms are fever with chills, abdominal pain, loss of appetite and difficulty in breathing. The line of treatment under Usool-e-Ilaj of the disease is based on evacuation of pus, use of medicines with Dāfi‘-i-Ḥummā (Antipyretic) , Daf‘-i-Ta‘affun (Antiseptic), Muḥāfiẓ-i-Jigar (Hepatoprotective) and Muqawwī-i-Jigar(Liver tonic) properties. In contemporary medicine liver abscess is an encapsulated collection of suppurated material within the liver resulting from either fungal, bacterial, or parasitic infection. Although Klebsiella pneumoniae accounts for 50–70% of cases in the Asian subcontinent, Entamoeba histolytica is also frequently seen in routine clinical practice causing liver abscesses. Escherichia coli is the most common bacterium causing liver abscesses. Thus, infection that spreads throughout the biliary system is one of the most frequent causes of liver abscess requiring antibiotics. The drainage of pus is the treatment of choice in cases of large abscess while small liver abscess of 2-3 cm is conventionally treated with antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance and persistence are associated with an elevated risk of treatment failure and relapsing infections. Hence there is a need to explore the ages old treatment strategies for the management of small liver abscess laid down in traditional Unani medicine. This paper will further pave the way of developing novel therapies for the effective management of liver abscess.
Keywords: Dubayla al-Kabid, Unani management, Usool-e-Ilaj
The efficacy of using platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of androgenic alopecia: a literature review
Authors: Marques Mateus Ferreira , Simão Ana Júlia Mendes , Bellizia Ana Luiza , Oliveira Nicole Schena de , Labriola Ilana Cruz Silva 
Published: May 2024

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is currently the primary cause of hair loss in both men and women. It is characterized by a progressive thinning of the hair follicles due to a shortening of the anagen phase of the hair growth cycle. The pathophysiology mainly involves the accumulation of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a metabolite of testosterone, and a chronic perifollicular inflammatory process. The objective of this study is to evaluate, through a literature review, the validity, protocols, and efficacy of the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of patients with AGA. It is a review conducted in the first half of 2024, using the PubMed and BVS databases, employing Descritores em Ciência e Saúde (alopecia, plasma rico em plaquetas, terapia) and Medical Subject Headings (alopecia, platelet-rich plasma, therapy). Inclusion criteria consisted of: a) articles published between 2022 and 2024; b) written in Portuguese or English; c) full-text articles available for free; d) research focused on PRP therapy for the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men. Twelve articles were included in the synthesis. Overall, the articles indicated that despite the need for standardized protocols, the use of PRP as a treatment for AGA shows promising results in the current context. The therapy demonstrated improvements in hair density and patient satisfaction, suggesting its potential as a viable option for managing androgenetic alopecia. Besides being a safe option with minimal side effects, its combination with other therapies, such as minoxidil, has brought beneficial outcomes for patients with this condition.
Keywords: Alopecia, Platelet-Rich Plasma, Therapy
Using Field-Based Evidence to Understand the Antecedents to Auditors’ Skeptical Actions
Authors: Hardies Kris , Janssen Sanne , Vanstraelen Ann , Zehms Karla M. 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARY
We provide field-based evidence on antecedents to auditors’ skeptical actions, with participants including over 600 auditors across all ranks from six audit firms. We evaluate the relative importance of situational, client, and individual auditor characteristics, along with measures of auditors’ cognitive processing in relation to their self-reports of skeptical actions on one of their own audits. We find that the most important antecedents are each audit firm’s overall professional orientation, auditors’ individual feelings of accountability, their trait skepticism, their motivation, and their intentions to behave skeptically. Auditors’ intentions are most influenced by social norms and less influenced by attitudes toward and self-efficacy about behaving skeptically. Other important antecedents include each audit firm’s quality control systems, certain individual auditors’ personality traits, their client-related industry expertise, and their audit knowledge. Our findings support various aspects of prior conceptual models and suggest ways in which audit firms can promote skeptical actions.
Factors Influencing Milk Yield During Lactation of D’man Ewes in its Cradle in Algeria
Authors: Boubekeur Abderrahmen , Benyoucef Mohammed Tahar , Maaraf Abdelkade , Souddi Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A study was conducted at the National Institute of Agricultural Research (Adrar station) between 2017 and 2019 to assess the milk yield potential of prolific D’man ewes. A total of 210 daily milk production records from (of) 21 D’man ewes were collected during three successive lambings with the weighing method before and after feeding followed by manual milking. In addition, the effects of birth type, lambing rank, birth season and weight of ewes to the struggle (at breeding) on milk production were analyzed. The least-squares averages of daily and total milk production of D’man ewes were 0.85 ± 0.03 kg and 59.1 ± 0.96 kg, respectively, and the highest daily milk yield was observed in the second week of lactation. Ewes suckling more than two lambs had the highest milk yield. Indeed, ewes with triplets or more (+57.3%) and twins (+22.1%) have a significantly higher milk yield (P<0.01) than ewes nursing single lambs. The effect of the other factors was not significant on milk production of D’man ewes. It can be concluded that increasing the quantity of milk produced per ewe according to the number of lambs suckled will help to make the most of multiple lambings thanks to a low mortality rate and improved growth, especially during the first month of lactation.
What Message Does Wine Send to the Consumer Through the Label
Authors: Teodorescu Gabriela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Wine is a complex product that goes from the concept of food to that of hedonic drink in the perception of consumers. In this context, it is very important for wine producers to understand the factors of perception of consumer quality but also the relative importance they attach to these factors when deducting the quality of wine to meet these expectations, needs or desires. The existing label on a bottle of wine must contain practical and accurate information so that the consumer makes the purchase decision instead of a similar products. Buying wine in the retail store system (specialized stores) should not hurt more than ten minutes (2003, Schnettler and Rivera). So, both the information on the label and the product evaluation will be closely related to the time consumers need to observe and analyze them (2017, Krishna et al.). If we include the information such as: the designation of origin, therapeutic recommendations, nutritional information, have a great influence on the intention to purchase and as a result this aspect requires in-depth studies. Content is especially important for experienced consumers who are looking for relevant information available to be sure of their purchase. This article presents importance to wine specialists, experts, research, as a starting point in understanding information about consumers behavior for the same products and markets. They can be used as a guide to identify similarities in consumer behaviors for different products with wine-like features. We aim to complement this research with recent findings and conclusions related to consumer behavior by studying culture and noting differences in the country, culture, religions or races in wine consumption. We can provide a general picture of the current state of education of the factors of perception of wine quality through sensory analysis. To this end, the factors determining the perceived state of the wine as a product, the state of the consumer and the state of consumption shall be analyzed first. Then, the most widely used methodologies are discussed to study the hedonic sense of consumers. Finally, the characteristics of wine related to the perception of the quality are evaluated.
Reviewing the Role of Functional Ingredients in Improving Immune Health and Disease Management in Breeding Animals: Current Perspectives and Emerging Trends
Authors: Gheorghe Raluca Aniela Irimia , Tăpăloagă Dana , Șonea Cosmin , Ghimpețeanu Oana Mărgărita , Gurău Maria Rodica , Tăpăloagă Paul-Rodian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This review delves into recent advancements in livestock research, focusing on genetic diversity, disease resistance, and immune function. Through an in-depth analysis of various studies, this review elucidates the intricate interplay of genetic factors influencing disease susceptibility and resilience in livestock populations. Investigations highlight the efficacy of functional ingredients, such as plant extracts and marine-derived compounds, in enhancing immune health and disease resistance in breeding animals. Additionally, the review examines the molecular mechanisms underlying the immunomodulatory effects of specific ingredients, shedding light on signaling pathways and gene expression profiles involved in bolstering immune function. Furthermore, the review explores emerging trends in livestock nutrition, including the utilization of fruit processing by-products to improve animal health and performance. Insights into the role of prebiotics in modulating gut microbiota and mitigating diet-related maladies provide valuable perspectives for enhancing livestock welfare and productivity. By synthesizing these findings, this review underscores the critical importance of genetic selection, dietary interventions, and immunomodulatory strategies in promoting the health and resilience of livestock populations.
Study on the Evolution of Genetic Resources of Domestic Animals in Romania
Authors: Sandu Mariana , Străteanu Amalia Gianina , Udrea Lavinia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The paper proposes the identification of animal breeds at risk of abandonment and the analysis of animal genetic resources from the perspective of the evolution of total herds and genetic quality determination programs.
Data from the National Institute of Statistics show that in the period 2015–2022, Romania recorded a decline in the total livestock of cattle (−12.34%) and pigs (−32.44%) and slight increases in the total sheep and goats. On the other hand, the National Agency for Animal Husbandry indicates significant decreases in the number of breeding females, both in cattle (−14.7%) and pigs (−32.5%). Within the 4 species of animals analysed (cattle, sheep, goats and pigs), 14 breeds in danger of abandonment were identified, generally native breeds with lower production potential than that of improved breeds. For the identified animal breeds, genetic quality determination programs have been approved, which are implemented by animal breeders’ associations accredited for the establishment and management of Genealogical Registries.
Maintaining the genetic diversity of local breeds in danger of abandonment can contribute to the diversification of existing populations, to restoring the vitality of selected lines, to increasing the productivity and disease resistance of animals.
Structural Assessment for Improving Energy Efficiency in Public Buildings
Authors: Lluka Diana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the pivotal role of structural assessment in enhancing energy efficiency within public buildings. Structural assessment, a systematic evaluation of building components and systems, is essential for ensuring safety, longevity, and sustainability. By identifying weaknesses and improvement opportunities, structural assessment provides valuable insights for stakeholders to enhance operational efficiency and compliance with safety standards.
The symbiotic relationship between structural integrity and energy efficiency underscores the significance of prioritizing structural considerations in sustainable building design. Material selection, design principles, and maintenance practices are crucial factors influencing energy performance. Structural assessments aid in pinpointing critical issues contributing to energy loss, such as air leaks, thermal bridging, and inadequate insulation. Recommendations derived from these assessments enable targeted interventions to improve energy performance and occupant comfort.
Case studies of three schools highlight the tangible benefits of energy efficiency retrofits informed by structural assessments. These retrofits result in significant reductions in energy consumption, enhanced indoor comfort, and a diminished carbon footprint. A structured strategy for conducting seismic structural assessments and subsequent energy efficiency improvements is proposed, emphasizing the importance of a comprehensive approach to building sustainability.
In conclusion, structural assessment serves as a linchpin for advancing energy efficiency in public buildings. By leveraging insights from structural assessments, stakeholders can drive transformative change towards a greener and more sustainable future, fostering environments that promote human well-being and environmental stewardship.
Differences in stress levels between Albanian and German students
Authors: Taraj Petrit 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study was conducted to determine and compare the factors influencing the increase in stress levels of students at German and Albanian universities. In addition to descriptive statistics to analyze the data, the authors used factor analysis, the Independent Samples t-Test, and bivariate correlation among others in the study. An online questionnaire divided into three sections was used as a tool for data collection. The description of statistics expressed in percentages and the data analysis were performed using SPSS software, Version 16. The results showed that students experienced a high level of stress, 44.1214, with some variations among them. The results confirmed a higher level of stress among Albanian students compared to German students. On the other hand, the results indicated that the “Fear of failing exams” factor had a greater impact on increasing stress levels among German students compared to Albanian students.
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Tuned Vertical Isolation System for Seismic Risk Mitigation
Authors: Babaei S. , Karimi Ghaleh Jough F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Vertical isolation by dividing the building into two soft and stiff sub-systems benefits from the period shifts and the damping mechanism across the height. However, the displacement demand imposed on the soft sub-system is less applicable in congested urban areas. As a result, in this study, a hybrid system of vertical isolation system benefiting from a tuned soft subsystem divided into upper and lower portions is investigated. A parametric linear 3-Degree of Freedom (DoF) model of the system incorporating mass and frequency ratio of the sub-systems was introduced and analyzed by response spectrum in MATLAB. A closed-form solution for the system frequency and mode shapes was also established. Response spectrum analysis indicates increasing the Tuned Mass Damper (TMD)’s fundamental period to 2.5 times the soft sub-system’s, reduces its displacement to more than 40 percent. The Multi Degree of Freedom (MDoF) model of the system is parametrically generated in MATLAB. Time history analysis of the building subjected to 40 records with 2 and 10 percent probabilities of exceedance in 50 years compared with conventional vertical isolation reveals the lower soft sub-system displacement can be reduced up to 45 percent by shifting drift to upper stories. The innovative tuned vertical isolation by demonstrating superior control performance as comprises lower floors’ drift may be an applicable solution for adjacent high- and low-rise buildings.
Durability Performance and Mechanical Behavior of Pet Fiber Reinforced Recycled Fluid Concrete
Authors: Bayah Meriem , Debieb F. , El-Hadj K. , Bentchikou M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Many environmental problems can be attributed to various sources, such as the demolition of old buildings, waste from bricks, glass waste, among others, which are generated worldwide. This waste is converted and recycled as natural aggregate. On the other hand, a significant issue with concrete incorporating Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) is its inferior properties compared to natural aggregate concrete. The subpar properties of RCA concrete can be enhanced by the addition of Fibers. This research examines the effects of polyethylene terephthalate fiber (RPETF) and recycled fine concrete aggregates (RFCA) on the mechanical properties and durability of self-compacting concrete (SCC). Three concrete families were created: one using RPETF alone, one using RFCA alone, and a third utilizing both RPETF and RFCA combined. The natural fine aggregates (NFA) were replaced with RFCA in increments of 25% from 0% to 100%. The results showed that the split tensile strengths of the mix of 100% RFCA and 1.2 % RPETF have improved over time by 28% compared to the mix with 100% RFCA alone. However, the inclusion of RPETF in SCC mixtures with varying amounts of RFCA resulted in reduced durability of the composite.
Punching of Concrete Slabs Reinforced by Recycling Waste
Authors: Hassani K. , Atlaoui D. , Bouafia Y. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study aims to experimentally evaluate the mechanical properties of concrete slabs reinforced with two types of fibers: metallic fibers (MF) and grids based on polypropylene fibers (PPG). The metallic fibers, sourced from machining waste of steel parts, are randomly distributed in the concrete, while the polypropylene fibers are arranged in grids. The investigation includes punching tests conducted on slabs measuring [25x50x7] cm³, as well as compression tests on cylinders with a diameter of Ø16 cm and a height of H32 cm. Mechanical resistance and tearing characteristics of the fibers were also assessed. The concrete’s composition was determined using the experimental “Dreux-Gorisse” method. Five different metal fiber contents (MF) were studied (W=0.2%, W=0.4%, W=0.6%, W=0.8%, and W=1%), alongside a control concrete sample (BT) with no fibers (W=0%) having the same composition as the matrix. Two variants of grids based on small-mesh polypropylene fibers (PPG/SM) and large-mesh (PPG/LM) configurations were considered. The comparative analysis of the results highlights that, at a fiber content of W=0.8%, metallic fibers (MF) enhance both resistance and rigidity more effectively than polypropylene fibers in small meshes (PPG/SM) and large meshes (PPG/LM), thereby limiting the formation of puncturing cracks.
Economic Growth and Spatial Analysis in Transport Corridors: A Preliminary Review
Authors: Lakhminarayanan S. , Nair Shalini R. , Chandrasekar P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The construction and development of international transport corridors have become a means of cross-border space governance, promoting the flexibility of international industrial chains and supply chains. Due to the uncertainty of cooperation, the development of international transport corridors entails a long-term and complex system of engineering. Transport corridors can generate wider economic benefits and costs through their effects on a potentially diverse set of development outcomes, such as economic growth, poverty, jobs, equity, environmental quality, and economic resilience. The focus on roads, rails, and waterways is justified, as transport corridors based on these modes have clearer potential for economic spillovers than, for example, airline routes. The current paper describes a multi-method approach involving spatial and non-spatial analysis to investigate spatial disparity along a proposed corridor and examine its integration within the existing settlement structure. The conceptual structure for the review is guided by a simple canonical model describing the policy maker’s problem in maximizing the net wider economic benefits of corridors. The meta-analysis confirms that characteristics of individual studies, as well as the placement and design of transport infrastructures, systematically influence the findings of corridor studies. It also shows that, on average, estimated impacts of corridor interventions on economic welfare and equity tend to be beneficial, while they are often detrimental to environmental quality, and possibly also to social inclusion.
Interpolation Method Consistency Analysis in the Creation of Digital Terrain Models
Authors: Suba N.-Sz. , Bydłosz J. , Sturza Amalia Ana , Dragomir Emanuela Iulia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present paper proposes to analyse the consistency of several interpolation methods for generating a grid structure, which will be used for digital terrain modelling in the case of water retention basins (polders). The aim is to use a single dataset, from which a number of measured points will be eliminated, after which several interpolation methods will be applied to the remaining dataset in order to analyze which method yields the nearest correct (measured) value. The research focuses on comparing the reliability, consistency and sheer data accuracy (in comparison with pre-determined control points) of both the resulted grids and the noise filtered ones, to assess the performance of each method.
Exploring Legal and Non-Legal Approaches to Eliminating Child Labor in the Cocoa Industry In Ghana
Authors: Ansong Alex , Agomor Kingsley S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The problem of child labor in cocoa-producing countries like Ghana and Ivory Coast has been projected into the international limelight due to coverage by notable international media organizations like CNN, BBC, and Al Jazeera. The incidence of child labor in the cocoa industry raises legal and ethical issues in the production and manufacturing processes that feed into international trade. This paper explores the international legal framework on child labor under the Minimum Age Convention and the consistency of Ghanaian domestic law with the Convention. It further discusses empirical data collected from Anyinam, a cocoa farming community in the Eastern Region of Ghana and the sustainability programme of Federated Commodities Ltd. (FEDCO), as a private sector responsible business initiative aimed at addressing the problem of child labor from a holistic approach.