bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of Prunus mandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne clones
Authors: Ren Tingting , Sun Yongqiang , Chen Jianhua , Chen Wanxi , Yang Hanying , Dong Shengjun 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPrunus mandshurica (Maxim.) Koehne pulp and almonds are rich in nutrients and bioactive compounds; however, their chemical composition and content remain unexplored. We systematically evaluated their physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacities using 14 clones. Significant differences in physicochemical properties observed between the tested clones provided opportunities for developing and utilizing germplasm resources. Clones with thicker pulps exhibited sweet flavors, heavier fruits, lighter almonds, and lower kernel rates. Their pulp was relatively low in total sugar (1.66 ‐ 14.91%) and soluble solids content (6.23 ‐ 18.67°Brix) but rich in titratable acidity (2.81 ‐ 4.20%) and vitamin C (0.97 ‐ 1.65 mg/g), making them a promising option for food and nutraceutical applications. Almond oil was the main component (50.02%), followed by protein (25.82%), and amygdalin (3.17%), with high balanced amino acid levels. Nine clones with amygdalin content > 3% indicated a high medicinal value. The fruit was rich in total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity, and its pulp exhibited a stronger antioxidant capacity than that of almonds. Clones 783 and 717 had sweet and thick pulp with high nutrient content and antioxidant capacity, whereas clone 772 pulp exhibited a strong antioxidant capacity and a high yield, making it a good source of natural antioxidants. We are the first to assess the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of 14 P. mandshurica clones fruit to explore their potential applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries, and provide data to support the selection of excellent germplasm for different needs.
Analysis of the bioactive parts and components of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem based on non‐targeted metabolomics and its hepatoprotective effects induced by cyclophosphamide
Authors: Zhang Junqi , Chen Shanshan , Yan Haiyang , Song Yadong , Li Lu , Yuan Yuan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn the present study, non‐targeted metabolomics was utilized to identify the bioactive components in the root, seed, and leaf of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem (A. elata), a traditional Chinese specialty vegetable. The relative content indicated that saponins, flavonoids, and phenolic acids were the main bioactive components, whereas principal component analysis showed significant differences among the three parts. ABTS, DPPH, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and hydroxyl radical scavenging capacity assays were conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activities of extracts from the three parts, and the root extract demonstrated the highest antioxidant potential. Correlation analyses revealed that saponins possessed the best antioxidant capacity. Twelve saponins in the root were identified from the total saponins (tSAs) by liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The protective effect of tSAs on cyclophosphamide‐induced liver damage was evaluated using BRL‐3A cells. The tSAs significantly enhanced the cellular antioxidant levels, reduced the levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase by 38.81% and 37.43%, respectively, and demonstrated evident hepatoprotective effects.Practical ApplicationThis research could help develop dietary supplements rich in antioxidants from the roots of Aralia elata (Miq.) Seem and also pave the way for novel therapies for liver diseases.
Cold atmospheric plasma treatment induces oxidative stress and alters microbial community profile in the leaves of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum var. Kiera) plant
Authors: Gilbert‐Eckman Andrea R. , Gao Mairui , Blaustein Ryan A. , Tikekar Rohan V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe oxidative species generated by cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment can impact the plant stress response system. We hypothesized that this response is not limited to the site of CAP application and it is transmitted through the plant. The resulting stress response can influence the plant microbiome on the intact plant. These hypotheses were tested by the application of CAP to live sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum var. Kiera). A single upper leaf of the plant underwent a 60 s CAP treatment at three different wattage intensity levels. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in directly treated leaves and leaves in the vicinity of the treatment site (i.e., one, two, or three nodes away) was measured using the fluorescein degradation assay (ex/em: 485/525). Leaves directly exposed to CAP showed a marked increase in ROS production. Interestingly, basil leaves not directly treated by CAP also showed a significant (p < 0.05) increase in ROS generation compared to untreated control, extending to the two nearest nodes from the treatment site in all plants tested. The leaf microbiomes were evaluated using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. CAP appeared to drive restructuring of the leaf microbiota profiles, despite maintaining a similar α‐diversity. CAP treatment intensity led to significant differences (p < 0.05) in the relative abundances of a variety of dominant bacterial families (e.g., Psuedomonadaceae and Streptomycetaceae) and phyla, and the effects on certain taxa were dependent on leaf distance from the treatment site. CAP's ability to restructure plant microbiota may have applications to improve produce microbial safety and shelf‐life.Practical ApplicationCold atmospheric plasma induces a stress response in a living plant beyond the site of application. This response includes an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species that can trigger pathways to enhance the production of phytochemicals. CAP treatment also alters the microbial community profile, possibly through plant stress response. Results from this study can be useful in developing CAP treatment of intact plant for improved growth, production of health‐benefiting phytochemicals, and managing its microbiota.
Reflections on Applying Systems Thinking to Stakeholder Mapping: The STOA Unit at the European Parliament
Authors: Amuso Valentina , Van Woensel Lieve 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe EU has increasingly embraced foresight—a discipline aimed at enhancing preparedness by systematically exploring plausible futures—to minimise uncertainty and inform anticipatory governance. Within this context, the STOA Unit of the European Parliament has been actively engaged in foresight activities, developing the STEEPED framework for conducting systemic analyses of the ecosystems, in which the innovation, event or crisis is placed. The goal of the STEEPED framework is to offer a comprehensive system view. The STEEPED framework has been employed to guide horizon scanning, trend analyses and stakeholder selection. Specifically, stakeholder engagement is a crucial element in foresight analyses. The effectiveness of foresight analysis largely depends on stakeholders' ability to augment discussions via expertise and lived experiences. We explore how, through the STEEPED framework, STOA has informed foresight analysis and stakeholder mapping in the 10 years since its inception. Although the framework may represent a robust approach to analysis, it could be enhanced by more directly focusing on aspects such as affiliation, stakeholders' features and relations, highlighted in academic research on stakeholder mapping. We propose a novel framework in the form of a checklist that integrates principles from the STEEPED framework with perspectives from scholarly literature.
Adverse event signal analysis of remimazolam using the FDA adverse event reporting system database
Authors: Liu Hongtao , Li Zhaoyu , Yan Su , Ming Shaopeng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundRemimazolam, a novel ultra‐short‐acting benzodiazepine, has gained popularity in various anesthetic applications due to its pharmacokinetic advantages. However, as its use increases, safety concerns also rise, necessitating thorough examination. Additionally, the limited reports on its side effects require a broader investigation to better understand the drug's safety profile.MethodsThis observational study systematically investigated adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with remimazolam using the FAERS database from Q1 2020 to Q4 2023. The primary objective was to assess potential safety signals and provide comprehensive information for clinical and regulatory purposes.ResultsA total of 67 cases and 161 ADEs were identified. The incidence of ADEs was higher in patients aged >45 years, particularly those >65 years. Intravenous general anaesthesia was the most common administration method. Notable ADE signals included serious events such as allergic reactions, respiratory and cardiac arrest, and vascular access occlusion.ConclusionClinicians should be vigilant about potential allergic reactions to remimazolam, especially in older patients, and avoid off‐label use until more data are available. Continuous monitoring of post‐market surveillance data is essential for uncovering undetected ADEs and ensuring the safe use of remimazolam.Editorial commentThis study analyzed adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with remimazolam using the FAERS database, identifying serious safety signals like allergic reactions, respiratory and cardiac arrests, and vascular access site occlusions, especially in older patients. The findings highlight the need for vigilant monitoring, cautious off‐label use, and ongoing post‐marketing surveillance.
Plasma tsRNA Signatures Serve as a Novel Biomarker for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Xu Xinyan , Chen Jinbang , Bai Ming , Liu TianYao , Zhan Shoubin , Li Jiazheng , Ma YuanChun , Zhang Yulin , Wu Liming , Zhao Zihan , Liu Siyang , Chen Xi , Fang Feng , Guo Hongqian , Sun Ying , Yang Rong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBladder cancer (BLCA) is one of the most common tumors of the urinary tract. The diagnosis of BLCA is mostly by invasive tests, which are damaging and unsuitable for early screening. Current non‐invasive diagnostic modalities are insufficient in sensitivity and specificity. Therefore, novel diagnostic markers are urgently needed to facilitate early detection of bladder cancer. tRNA‐derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are considered to be novel and potentially biologically functional non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs). tsRNAs have been used to help early diagnosis of a variety of tumors. However, whether tsRNAs in BLCA are altered or involved in BLCA progression or regulation remains unclear. Here, we identified a group of up‐regulated tsRNAs in BLCA by sequencing tsRNAs in the plasma of BLCA patients and normal controls and further screened two highly correlated tsRNAs with BLCA in the training set and validation set, which were named as tRF‐1:28‐chrM.Ser‐TGA and tiRNA‐1:34‐Glu‐CTC‐1‐M2. ROC analyses of the expression profiles of these two tsRNAs by the validation set identified a high diagnostic value. We also found that circulating tRF‐1:28‐chrM.Ser‐TGA and tiRNA‐1:34‐Glu‐CTC‐1‐M2 were specifically expressed and released by BLCA cells and were positively correlated with the degree of disease malignancy. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the two tsRNAs exacerbated BLCA progression and played a role in promoting tumor lipid metabolism. Our study screened two plasma tsRNAs that could serve as valuable early screening and diagnostic biomarkers for BLCA and is also expected to provide potential novel molecular targets for the treatment of BLCA.
Treatment satisfaction and time in range after 16 weeks of treatment with iGlarLixi in insulin‐naive adults with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes
Authors: Shah Viral N. , Dex Terry , Meneghini Luigi , Rodrigues Amélie , Polonsky William H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimsIn Soli‐CGM, treatment with iGlarLixi (insulin glargine 100 U/mL and lixisenatide 33 μg/mL) in insulin‐naive adults with suboptimally controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D; haemoglobin A1c 9%–13% on ≥2 oral antihyperglycaemic agents (OADs) ± glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1 RA) therapy) increased time in range (TIR; primary endpoint) from 26.4% at baseline to 52.7% at Week 16. This exploratory analysis examined the impact of treatment with iGlarLixi on patient‐reported treatment satisfaction.Materials and MethodsSoli‐CGM was a single‐arm, 16‐week, multicentre, interventional, open‐label, phase 4 study using blinded continuous glucose monitoring (CGM; FreeStyle Libre Pro) to assess glycaemic metrics (N = 124). CGM data were collected for a 2‐week period before initiation of iGlarLixi, and after treatment with iGlarLixi (Weeks 14–16). Treatment satisfaction was assessed using the Diabetes Medication Treatment Satisfaction Tool (DM‐SAT, which comprises four domains: well‐being, medical control, lifestyle and convenience), at baseline and end‐of‐treatment. Association of TIR and overall satisfaction (sum of all items) was also assessed.ResultsOverall, 118 (95.9%) and 107 (87.0%) participants completed the DM‐SAT at baseline and Week 16, respectively. Mean overall score increased by 0.18, from 0.59 (baseline) to 0.78 (Week 16). A trend in improvement in score was observed in all domains. Improvement in TIR had a positive, but weak, trend of association with improvement in overall treatment satisfaction (mean r = 0.14).ConclusionsIn people with T2D suboptimally controlled on ≥2 OADs ± GLP‐1 RA, 16 weeks' treatment with iGlarLixi resulted in a trend of improvement in treatment satisfaction.
Reference Ranges of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain by Contemporary Vendor‐Neutral Echocardiography Software in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Arockiam Aro Daniela , Dong Tiffany , Agrawal Ankit , Dahdah Joseph El , Haroun Elio , Majid Muhammad , Sorathia Sharmeen , Grimm Richard A. , Collier Patrick , Rodriguez Leonardo , Popovic Zoran B. , Griffin Brian P. , Wang Tom Kai Ming 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundLeft ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) by speckle‐tracking transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is an established measure of left ventricular systolic function with many clinical applications. Strain software has evolved to achieve vendor‐neutrality in recent developments, although there is a notable absence of external validation studies. We assessed the normal ranges and associated factors of two‐dimensional LVGLS quantification by TomTec, EchoPAC, VVI, and Epsilon contemporary strain software in a healthy cross‐sectional cohort.MethodsOne hundred healthy subjects undergoing TTE during January–April 2023 at our institution were cross‐sectionally recruited, 20 per age‐group, 50% were female, and 50% had GE and 50% Philips scans. TomTec version 51.02 (Autostrain LV), EchoPAC version 206 (AFI‐LV), VVI version (V.2.00‐070730), and Epsilon (5.0.2.11295) were utilized to quantify two‐dimensional LVGLS in all patients for comparative and regression analyses.ResultsMeans and lower limits of normal (95% confidence intervals) of LVGLS were −17.1% (−17.5%, −16.7%) and −14.7% (−15.4%, −14.0%) for TomTec; −17.8% (−18.4%, −17.2%) and −14.4% (−15.3%, −13.5%) for EchoPAC; −16.3% (−16.9%, −15.7%) and −13.0% (−13.9%, −12.1%) for VVI; and −17.0% (−17.6%, −16.4%) and −12.8% (−13.8%, −11.8%) for Epsilon. Factors significantly associated with LVGLS measurements in multivariable regression analyses with their beta‐coefficients (95% CI) were female −1.36 (−2.12, −0.59), heart rate (per 10 bpm) with a coefficient of 0.38 (0.10–0.66), left ventricular ejection fraction (per 10%) −1.03 (−1.72, −0.34), and EchoPAC (vs. TomTec) −0.62 (−1.2, 0.0), VVI (vs. TomTec) 0.82 (0.23, 1.41) and Epsilon (vs. TomTec) 0.13 (−0.45, 0.72).ConclusionLVGLS measurements were feasible across all four strain software on both GE and Philips scans in this study. Reference ranges to define normal, abnormal, and borderline LVGLS values along with associated factors in healthy patients are reported to enable clinical applications.
Advanced Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Ischemic and Nonischemic Cardiomyopathies
Authors: Tamizuddin Farah , Stojanovska Jadranka , Toussie Danielle , Shmukler Anna , Axel Leon , Srinivasan Ranjini , Fujikura Kana , Broncano Jordi , Frank Luba , Villasana‐Gomez Geraldine 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCardiomyopathies represent a diverse group of heart diseases that can be broadly classified into ischemic and nonischemic etiologies, each requiring distinct diagnostic approaches. Noninvasive imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), play a pivotal role in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and prognosis of these conditions. This paper reviews the characteristic CT and MRI findings associated with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and nonischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), focusing on their ability to provide detailed anatomical, functional, and tissue characterization. In ICM, CT and MRI reveal myocardial scarring, infarct size, and coronary artery disease, while MRI further distinguishes tissue viability through late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Conversely, nonischemic cardiomyopathies demonstrate a wide array of findings, with MRI's LGE pattern analysis being particularly critical for identifying specific subtypes, such as restrictive, hypertrophic, or dilated cardiomyopathies. By comparing the strengths and limitations of these modalities, this paper highlights their complementary roles in improving diagnostic accuracy, risk stratification, prognosis, and therapeutic decision making in both ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathies.
Development of Evidence‐Based Guidelines for the Integration of Generative AI in University Education Through a Multidisciplinary, Consensus‐Based Approach
Authors: Symeou Loizos , Louca Loucas , Kavadella Argyro , Mackay James , Danidou Yianna , Raffay Violetta 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe introduction highlights the transformative impact of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) on higher education (HE), emphasising its potential to enhance student learning and instructor efficiency while also addressing significant challenges such as accuracy, privacy, and ethical concerns. By exploring the benefits and risks of AI integration, the introduction underscores the urgent need for evidence‐based, inclusive, and adaptable frameworks to guide universities in leveraging GenAI responsibly and effectively in academic environments.AimsThis paper presents a comprehensive process for developing cross‐disciplinary and consensus‐based guidelines, based on the latest evidence for the integration of GenAI at European University Cyprus (EUC). In response to the rapid adoption of AI tools such as LLMs in HE, a task group at EUC created a structured framework to guide the ethical and effective use of GenAI in academia, one that was intended to be flexible enough to incorporate new developments and not infringe on instructors' academic freedoms, while also addressing ethical and practical concerns.ResultsThe framework development was informed by extensive literature reviews and consultations. Key pillars of the framework include: addressing the risks and opportunities presented by GenAI; promoting transparent communication; ensuring responsible use by students and educators; safeguarding academic integrity. The guidelines emphasise the balance between, on the one hand, leveraging AI to enhance educational experiences, and, on the other maintaining critical thinking and originality. The framework also includes practical recommendations for AI usage, classroom integration, and policy formulation, ensuring that AI augments rather than replaces human judgement in educational settings.ConclusionsThe iterative development process, including the use of GenAI tools for refining the guidelines, illustrates a hands‐on approach to AI adoption in HE, and the resulting guidelines may serve as a model for other higher education institutions (HEIs) aiming to integrate AI tools while upholding educational quality and ethical standards.
Can Generative AI Revolutionise Academic Skills Development in Higher Education? A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Daniel Kangwa , Msambwa Msafiri Mgambi , Wen Zhang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis systematic review investigates the impact of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools on developing academic skills in higher education. Analysing 158 studies published between 2021 and 2024, it focuses on the impact of GenAI tools on the development of cognitive, technical and interpersonal skills. The results reveal that 94% of the sampled studies reported significant improvements in cognitive skills, like critical thinking, problem‐solving, analytical and metacognitive abilities, facilitated by personalised learning and feedback. Indeed, the development of technical skills was reported in research (24%), writing (26%), data analysis (33%) and technical literacy (18%). Additionally, GenAI tools were found to promote interpersonal skills by fostering interactive and engaging learning environments, with notable skills development in communication (24%), organisation (26%), empathy (5%) and teamwork (45%). Hence, this review underscores the importance of ethical and responsible use of GenAI tools, ongoing monitoring and active stakeholder engagement to maximise their benefits in developing cognitive, technical and interpersonal skills in higher education. They offer a promising avenue for academic advancement by fostering critical thinking, enhancing technical proficiency and promoting effective communication and teamwork. Therefore, GenAI tools significantly enhance academic skills; however, their integration requires a robust ethical framework and sustained examination of their long‐term impacts.
Promoting Environmental Justice: A Case Study of E‐Waste Management Practices in Selected Public Schools in the Philippines
Authors: Variacion Fredelyn D. , Castulo Nilo Jayoma , Marasigan Arlyne C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTProper waste management, aimed at making cities inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable, has been one of the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. This, in turn, contributes to quality education and environmental justice. Thus, this study examined e‐waste management practices in selected public secondary schools in the Philippines. A qualitative descriptive case study was conducted to explore e‐waste management practices. Purposive sampling was used to interview nine key informants from teaching and non‐teaching personnel in three selected public secondary schools in Sorsogon Province, Philippines. The findings revealed that school‐based waste was mainly collected without proper sorting, observing the 3Rs (reduce, reuse, recycle), or establishing composting areas. The challenges in e‐waste management practices were revealed to be a limited understanding of government e‐waste policies and laws, weak program implementation and insufficient e‐waste and recovery facilities. Although opportunities include promoting proper sorting, monitoring practices and sustaining the 3Rs, based on the results of the study, to achieve environmental justice and translate it into praxis (i.e., action and reflection), the study recommends enhanced training and EducAction, policy to praxis, and improved infrastructure, facilities and resources.