bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lattice polaron in a Bose–Einstein condensate of hard-core bosons
Authors: Santiago-García Moroni , Castillo-López Shunashi G , Camacho-Guardian Arturo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLattice polarons, quasiparticles arising from the interaction between an impurity and its surrounding bosonic environment confined to a lattice system, have emerged as a platform for generating complex few-body states, probing many-body phenomena, and addressing long-standing problems in physics. In this study, we employ a variational ansatz to investigate the quasiparticle and spectral properties of an impurity coupled to a condensate gas of hard-core bosons in a two-dimensional optical lattice. Our findings demonstrate that the polaron features can be tuned by adjusting the filling factor of the bath, revealing intriguing polaron characteristics in the strongly interacting regime. These results offer valuable insights for lattice polaron experiments with ultracold gases and can serve as a guide for new experiments in emergent quantum devices, such as moiré materials, where optical excitations can be described in terms of hard-core bosons.
Fusion and fission phenomena in a (2+1)-dimensional Sawada-Kotera type system
Authors: Wang Jianyong , Yang Yunqing , Tang Xiaoyan , Chen Yong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, we extend the generalized multilinear variable separation approach to a fifth-order nonlinear evolution equation. By performing asymptotic analysis on the variable separation solution, which is composed of three lower-dimensional functions, we identify a resonant regime governing dromion-dromion/solitoff interactions. In the case of two-dromion interactions, elastic, inelastic, and completely inelastic collisions are possible, while for the dromion-solitoff interaction only inelastic and completely inelastic collisions are permitted. Furthermore, we derive two types of semi-rational solutions from the quadratic function ansatz. In particular, in the scenario of a completely resonant collision between a lump and a line-soliton pair, the lump separates from one line soliton and exists briefly before merging with the other soliton, forming a localized lump in both time and space dimensions. The fusion or fission phenomena between the dromion-dromion/solitoff interaction and the lump-line soliton interaction are shown graphically.
Improved dual-threshold quantum image segmentation algorithm and simulation*
Authors: Dong Yumin , Yan Rui , Mou Dingkang , Li Feifei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Quantum image segmentation algorithm is crucial for quantum image processing. In this paper, a dual-threshold quantum image segmentation algorithm is designed and simulated in IBM Quantum Experience (IBM Q) platform, which can segment a complex image into three parts using fewer quantum bits. In our algorithm, given a high threshold and a low threshold, grayscale values larger than the high threshold are set to the high threshold and grayscale values smaller than the low threshold are set to the low threshold, with no change for the part between the two thresholds. Then we use a low-cost quantum comparator and design a complete and scalable quantum image segmentation circuit. Analysis of the circuit cost shows that the quantum gates required for the circuit are only related to the grayscale range q and are independent of the image size. The feasibility of the algorithm and the correctness of the quantum circuit are verified by simulation in IBM Q platform, and finally the MSE, PSNR AND SSIM value of the image is analyzed to prove the effectiveness of the segmentation algorithm.
Tunable broadband absorption and broadband linear polarization converter based on vanadium dioxide
Authors: Niu Junhao , Hui Qiang , Mo Wei , Tian Renfang , Zhu Aijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A composite dielectric metamaterial based on vanadium dioxide (VO2) is proposed to achieve flexible switching between two functions, broadband absorption, and polarization conversion, by adjusting the VO2 conductivity. The designed metamaterial functions as a broadband absorber when VO2 is in the metal phase. The absorber consists of a VO2 top structure, a silicon dioxide (SiO2) dielectric layer, and a VO2 thin film. Numerical simulation ns show that the absorber can absorb up to more than 90% in the frequency range of 3.22 ∼ 8.51 THz, and due to the symmetry of the structure, the absorber is characterized by polarization-insensitive properties and good absorption over a wider incidence angle. When VO2 is in the insulator phase, the designed metamaterial has a cross-polarization conversion function. The linear polarization converter primarily comprises an I-beam metal, a SiO2 dielectric layer, and a gold substrate layer. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the linear polarization converter accomplishes a line polarization conversion rate (PCR) greater than 90% within the 1.40 ∼ 4.11 THz frequency range, attains a close to 100% cross-polarization conversion rate (PCR) at 1.46, 1.95, 3.0, and 3.97 THz. To confirm the wave absorption mechanism of the absorber, we utilize the impedance matching theory to analyze it. The proposed switchable bifunctional metamaterials present significant potential for broader applications in future terahertz communication, imaging, stealth technology, and related fields.
Robustness analysis and prediction of topological edge states in topological elastic waveguides
Authors: Tong Shiqi , Sun Wenjun , Xu Jiawen , Li Huijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Topological elastic waveguides constructed using acoustic topological insulators have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional wave modulation properties. While the existence of these edge states is guaranteed by topology, their robustness to defects is unclear. In this paper, topological edge states based on the acoustic pseudo-spin Hall effect are constructed, and the robustness of the topological edge states is quantitatively studied by analyzing displacement fields of phononic crystal (PnC) plates with various defects. Our robustness assessment considers nearly all possible defect scenarios, focusing on the influence of defects on three primary indicators: transmittance, maximum displacement and its specific location on the PnC plate. The results indicate that the topological edge states formed by this structure are highly robust to defects with varying rotation angles, but exhibit limited robustness to defects of different dimensions or positions. Furthermore, a Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) model is employed to predict the displacement along the wave transmission path in the presence of diverse lattice defects. The model emerges as an accurate predictor of displacement distribution changes, and thus can provide potential optimization strategies for topologically elastic waveguide-based energy harvesting systems and self-powered sensors.
Graphene oxide microstrip antenna-based sensor for oxygen gas sensing in medical applications
Authors: do Carmo Felipe Felix , Sales Antonio Jefferson Mangueira , Nascimento João Paulo Costa do , da Costa Júnior Antonio Eufrazio , da Silva Clemente Claudenilson , Mazzetto Selma Elaine , Maia Saulo Macedo , Frutuoso Rômulo Lopes , da Silveira Cavalcante Tarique , Cavalcante Cleidson , Vieira Júlio Daniel Siqueira , Buffalo Biz Jose Alvaro , Ribeiro de Carvalho Carlos Roberto , Sombra Antonio Sergio Bezerra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, we report the development of a new graphene oxide (GO) sensor based on a microstrip antenna for detecting and measuring O2 concentration. GO was prepared from natural graphite powder using a modified Hummers procedure and then deposited upon a phenolic substrate to act as the sensing element of the designed device. Detection tests employing the sensor to evaluate oxygen gas (O2) in higher concentrations were performed, whereas it was observed that the two operating frequencies of the device was displaced to higher values as the concentration oxygen gas increased. The effect of relative humidity (RH) in the response sensor too was observed, whereas the 9.704 GHz mode demonstrating to be the most sensitive to O2 variation after sensitivity values have been corrected, presenting limit of detection (LOD) equal to 0.38%O2. Evaluating the results, it is possible to note that the device studied could be used as sensor in medical equipment operating at elevated oxygen concentrations, such as ventilators, O2 concentrators, and other medical equipment. Moreover, evaluated sensor would be a promisor candidate for healthcare monitoring applications for the reason that this device could act as both an O2 sensor and antenna, and thus transmitting their information to other devices.
Experimental study on effect of deformation temperature on mechanical and biological activities of Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy
Authors: Munisamy Raju , Rajendran Ramadoss 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Titanium alloy plays a crucial role in biomedical applications, particularly in the field of medical implants. One of the most significant advantages of titanium alloy is its excellent biocompatibility. Eventhough, it offered excellent behaviour, at elevated temperature, titanium alloys may experience softening, which limits their application in environment with higher operating temperatures. In this investigation, hot tensile and biological behaviour of the Ti-6Al-7Nb under different operating temperatures (300 °C, 400 °C, 500 °C and 600 °C) is studied. The biological behaviour of the deformed Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy treated with simulated body fluid is studied. The microstructure and phase transformation of deformed titanium alloy is evaluated using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) respectively. It was revealed that at temperature of 600 °C, the mobility of molecules at the interface between the solid and liquid phases increases. This enhanced mobility can lead to better wetting of the solid surface by the liquid, resulting in a decrease in the contact angle. The elevated temperature facilitates improved grain development, recrystallization and mobility. The coarser grains could result from deformation at temperature higher than 600 °C. It was concluded that the Ti-6Al-7Nb titanium alloy deformed with 600 °C showed the improvement in contact angle of 42 ± 2° and biocompatibility.
Numerical simulation of fractional-order Duffing system with extended Mittag-Leffler derivatives
Authors: Odibat Zaid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we studied the dynamics of a nonlinear fractional-order Duffing system combined with Mittag-Leffler derivatives in order to provide dynamic behaviors different from existing ones. The Mittag-Leffler derivative is a generalized version of the exponential kernel derivative. To achieve this goal, we introduced a modified extension to higher-order Mittag-Leffler derivatives to overcome the initialization problem. Moreover, we discussed some properties and relationships of the studied derivatives. Then we presented numerical schemes to handle fractional extensions of the considered oscillatory system including the Mittag-Leffler and the Caputo derivatives. Numerical simulations are carried out and the resulting simulation dynamics of the studied fractional oscillatory system are compared.
Structural phase transition of G-type antiferromagnetic SrMnO3 under pressure
Authors: Sukserm Akkarach , Pinsook Udomsilp , Bovornratanaraks Thiti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Perovskite SrMnO3 is a versatile material with applications in transistors, supercapacitors, and spintronic devices. This study employs the DFT+U calculations to investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of two polymorphs: 4H-SrMnO3 and 3C-SrMnO3 under isotropic pressure conditions up to 60 GPa. A novel approach based on density functional perturbation theory (DFPT) is employed to precisely determine the on-site Hubbard U value, yielding a computed value of 4.552 eV, consistent with experimental reports. Below P = 14 GPa, the G-AFM phase of 4H-SrMnO3 is the most favored stable, and transitioning to the G-AFM phase of 3C-SrMnO3 beyond 14 GPa. Notably, we observed significant changes in the band gaps, exhibiting an increasing trend under isotropic pressure, while the magnetic moments of the Mn sites exhibit a decreasing trend from ≈2.8 μ

B
to ≈2.3 μ

B
for P = 0 GPa and 60 GPa, respectively. The projected density of states (PDOS) reveals the p-d hybridization contributions between the 3d-Mn and 2p-O covalent bonds, along with d-d Mott Hubbard interactions within the localized 3d orbitals of neighboring Mn-Mn atoms. Furthermore, a decrease in the Mn1-O-Mn2 distance prompts enhanced charge transfer which was facilitated by ligand holes, leading to a noticeable decrease in the magnetic moment of the Mn site in the G-AFM phase of SrMnO3.
Influence of tool velocity ratio on force-torque and mechanical properties of friction stir welded 2050-T84 Al-Li alloy plates
Authors: Kesharwani Guru Sewak , Billa Kiran Kumar , Verma Juhi , Garg Shrwan Kumar , Katiyar Jitendra Kumar , Kumar Sanjeev 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aluminium-lithium (Al-Li) alloy is the most prominent alloy used in the aerospace industry’s internal structure and wings due to its improved physical and mechanical properties. The present study introduces a novel investigation into the joining of Al–Li alloy 2050-T84 using friction stir welding (FSW) at different tool velocity ratios (TVR) of 0.6, 0.8, and 1, respectively (i.e., the amalgamation of various process parameters like tool rotational speed (TRS of 600, 1000, and 1400 rpm and traverse speed of 60, 120, and 240 mm min−1) and constant tool tilt angle (1.5°). A threaded taper tool was used for joining the Al–Li alloy 2050-T84. This work aims to ascertain the effects of varying tool velocity ratios (TVR; rotational speed/traverse speed) on macrostructure, grain size distribution in the nugget zone, and mechanical strength of the welded specimens. The experimental results reveal that increasing the tool velocity ratio increases the grain size and decreases the welded specimen’s ultimate strength and hardness values. Higher tensile strength (403.2 MPa), micro-hardness values (122.15 HV0.1), and joint efficiency (75.49) of welded specimens are achieved at low TVR (0.6), and ductile failure is observed in all welded samples. Additionally, it is noticed that the stirred zone size increased with increasing the velocity ratio.
Complexiton, complex multiple kink soliton and the rational wave solutions to the generalized (3 + 1)-dimensional kadomtsev-petviashvili equation
Authors: Wang Kang-Jia , Li Shuai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSome new exact solutions of the generalized (3 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation (KPE) are explored in this study. Firstly, the resonant multiple soltion solutions (RMSs) are discussed via employing the linear superposition principle and weight algorithm. Then, by introducing pairs of the conjugate parameters to the RMSs, the complexiton solutions including the non-singular complexiton and singular complexiton solutions are extracted. In addition, the complex multiple kink soliton solutions are also probed by employing the bilinear approach. Finally, we investigate the rational wave solutions via the test function method and symbolic computation. By choosing the appropriate parameters, the graph descriptions of the derived solutions are presented to show the dynamical properties. The outcomes of this work are desirous to bring some new perspective to the study of the complexiton, complex solutions and rational wave solutions to the other PDEs.
Neuronal functional connectivity is impaired in a layer dependent manner near chronically implanted intracortical microelectrodes in C57BL6 wildtype mice
Authors: Chen Keying , Forrest Adam M , Burgos Guillermo Gonzalez , Kozai Takashi D Y 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. This study aims to reveal longitudinal changes in functional network connectivity within and across different brain structures near chronically implanted microelectrodes. While it is well established that the foreign-body response (FBR) contributes to the gradual decline of the signals recorded from brain implants over time, how the FBR affects the functional stability of neural circuits near implanted brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) remains unknown. This research aims to illuminate how the chronic FBR can alter local neural circuit function and the implications for BCI decoders. Approach. This study utilized single-shank, 16-channel,100 µm site-spacing Michigan-style microelectrodes (3 mm length, 703 µm2 site area) that span all cortical layers and the hippocampal CA1 region. Sex balanced C57BL6 wildtype mice (11–13 weeks old) received perpendicularly implanted microelectrode in left primary visual cortex. Electrophysiological recordings were performed during both spontaneous activity and visual sensory stimulation. Alterations in neuronal activity near the microelectrode were tested assessing cross-frequency synchronization of local field potential (LFP) and spike entrainment to LFP oscillatory activity throughout 16 weeks after microelectrode implantation. Main results. The study found that cortical layer 4, the input-receiving layer, maintained activity over the implantation time. However, layers 2/3 rapidly experienced severe impairment, leading to a loss of proper intralaminar connectivity in the downstream output layers 5/6. Furthermore, the impairment of interlaminar connectivity near the microelectrode was unidirectional, showing decreased connectivity from Layers 2/3 to Layers 5/6 but not the reverse direction. In the hippocampus, CA1 neurons gradually became unable to properly entrain to the surrounding LFP oscillations. Significance. This study provides a detailed characterization of network connectivity dysfunction over long-term microelectrode implantation periods. This new knowledge could contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at improving the health of the tissue surrounding brain implants and potentially inform engineering of adaptive decoders as the FBR progresses. Our study’s understanding of the dynamic changes in the functional network over time opens the door to developing interventions for improving the long-term stability and performance of intracortical microelectrodes.
Electrode wettability and capacitance of electrical double layer capacitor: a classical density functional theory study
Authors: Tian Cheng , Zhou Shiqi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We suggest a coarse-grained water model for use in classical density functional theory (cDFT) to describe aqueous inorganic salt solutions that act as working electrolytes in electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) with electrodes comprising two face-to-face doped carbon monolayers. Focus of the cDFT calculations lies on the influence of solvent electrode wettability (SEW) on capacitance and energy storage behaviors, while also considering its interaction with factors like electrolyte bulk concentration, pore size, electrode voltage, and temperature. New phenomena are disclosed theoretically. Remarkably, this study challenges the traditional notion that energy storage is consistently boosted by enhancing the electrode’s ionophobicity. Contrarily, the SEW effect reduces energy storage below the standard aqueous electrochemical window voltage (around 1.2 V) and only enhances the energy storage as the voltage surpasses a certain threshold up to the optimal window voltage (2 V–2.5 V). Furthermore, a non-monotonic SEW effect on energy storage is demonstrated under appropriate conditions, shedding new light on the complex relationship between ionophobicity and energy storage. Moreover, the present coarse-grained water model enables the prediction of the experimentally observed inverse relationship between temperature and capacitance. In contrast, the widely used electrolyte primitive model predicts the existence of a maximum value. The decisive factor for the impact of SEW on capacitance and energy storage is identified as congestion within the electrode pore, while other factors contribute by affecting this congestion. The present research offers valuable insights, highlighting the significance of SEW in the innovative and strategic design of aqueous inorganic EDLC devices.
Deployment of Water-based Liquid Scintillator in the Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment
Authors: Ascencio-Sosa M. , Bagdasarian Z. , Beacom J.F. , Bergevin M. , Breisch M. , Caceres Vera G. , Dazeley S. , Doran S. , Drakopoulou E. , Edayath S. , Edwards R. , Eisch J. , Feng Y. , Fischer V. , Foster R. , Gardiner S. , Gokhale S. , Hackspacher P. , Hagner C. , He J. , Kaiser B. , Krennrich F. , Lachenmaier T. , Lemmons F. , Maksimovic D. , Malek M. , Martyn J. , Mastbaum A. , McGivern C. , Minock J. , Nieslony M. , O'Flaherty M. , Orebi Gann G.D. , Pershing T. , Pickard L. , Poonthottathil N. , Reyes C. , Richards B. , Rosero R. , Sanchez M.C. , Schmid D.T. , Smy M. , Stender M. , Sutton A. , Svoboda R. , Tiras E. , Vagins M. , Veeraraghavan V. , Wang J. , Weinstein A. , Wetstein M. , Wurm M. , Yeh M. , Zhang T. ,   The ANNIE collaboration
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Accelerator Neutrino Neutron Interaction Experiment
(ANNIE) is a 26-ton water Cherenkov neutrino detector installed on
the Booster Neutrino Beam (BNB) at Fermilab. Its main physics goals
are to perform a measurement of the neutron yield from
neutrino-nucleus interactions, as well as a measurement of the
charged-current cross section of muon neutrinos. An equally
important focus is the research and development of new detector
technologies and target media. Specifically, water-based liquid
scintillator (WbLS) is of interest as a novel detector medium, as it
allows for the simultaneous detection of Cherenkov light and
scintillation. This paper presents the deployment of a 366 L WbLS
vessel in ANNIE in March 2023 and the subsequent detection of both
Cherenkov light and scintillation from the WbLS. This
proof-of-concept allows for the future development of reconstruction
and particle identification algorithms in ANNIE, as well as
dedicated analyses within the WbLS volume, such as the search for
neutral-current events and the hadronic scintillation component.
Socio-political dynamics in clean energy transition
Authors: Perri Saverio , Levin Simon , Cerasoli Sara , Porporato Amilcare 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A rapid and effective transition to low-carbon energy production is essential to limit climate change impacts. While the scientific community has mostly focused on research and development and techno-economic aspects, quantifying the role of public acceptability and policy in shaping emission trajectories has been much more elusive. This study investigates the coupled dynamics of nonlinear socio-political acceptance and anthropogenic CO2 emissions, with implications for climate policies and clean energy investments. Our findings show that a top-down policy approach alone may not be sufficient for effective emission cuts, highlighting the need for a multi-level strategy that combines top-down and bottom-up approaches. Additionally, opinion polarization can trigger detrimental CO2 emission oscillations when governments decide to take heavy-handed policy interventions in highly polarized socio-political systems. Delayed perception of climate change damage or abrupt reactions to extreme weather events may also significantly affect emission reduction efforts, although in the opposite direction. Integrating these socio-political dynamics into climate models can enhance our understanding of the complex interplay between human and natural systems, enabling the development of more effective and resilient mitigation strategies.