bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning from China's business leaders: lessons for troubled times
Authors: Tuttle Thomas C. , Shengchang Chen , Heap John P. , Yan Tiano 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to promote an expanded two‐way dialog between Chinese and Western leaders and executives which recognizes that “wisdom” can flow in both directions.Design/methodology/approachInterviews were undertaken with three Chinese executives and analyzed against a model of performance excellence.FindingsAn understanding of some of the similarities and differences of Western and Chinese business practices and a conclusion that there are lessons for Western businesses to learn.Research limitations/implicationsThe work involved interviews with only three Chinese executives and thus represents a tiny sample.Practical implicationsIllustrates some of the practices that might be worth considering by the West as we climb out of the current economic depression and re‐focus business efforts for a longer‐term future.Originality/valueThe paper adopts a novel approach of analyzing interview outcomes against a reference model. The core value is, however, in highlighting the benefits that might arise from extended dialog.
E‐government and technological innovation in Turkey
Authors: Arpaci İbrahim 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to identify the technological innovation process, stakeholders of the process, sources of innovation, driving forces of innovation, and obstacles of innovation for the Turkish public sector.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, interviews are used as data‐collection methods. For the purpose of this paper, the researcher has conducted a series of semi‐structured or open interviews. The interviews are recorded and transcribed. In addition, information related to the technological‐innovation projects performed in the public organizations is collected from documents, books, and governmental reports. A total of 20 organizations have been conducted to participate in the study; however, only 14 of them are retained after consideration of the selection criteria. In addition, 28 e‐government projects that lead innovation are analyzed.FindingsResults of the study show that external relations with stakeholders enhance the innovation process. Innovation emerges as a result of interaction between the stakeholders. Innovation process has four main stages and six steps. Stages of the innovation process are idea generation, project development, production, and innovation. Six steps of the innovation process are idea, project study, project approval, project implementation, new services, and innovation. Innovation starts with idea generation in the first stage. New ideas can be generated by the personnel of the organization, legislation, citizens, and other firms. After idea generation, the new ideas should be conceptualized projects in order to reach innovation. Innovation cannot be achieved due to some obstacles. The main obstacles in the public sector can be listed as legislation, lack of qualified staff, approval authority, and bureaucracy. Production as the third stage can only start after overcoming the mentioned obstacles. Project implementation is performed in the fourth step and a new service is acquired in the fifth step. Innovation is the last stage of the technological innovation process where diffusion of the new service is performed in order to innovate in the organization.Originality/valueThe significant findings of this paper may help managers for long‐term planning of innovation activities and they may pave the way of managers for their innovation projects by means of determining unclear innovation process and identifying the inputs and outputs of the process. Moreover, this paper is a guide for the managers in public organizations; finding out possible obstacles, identifying driving forces to accelerate the innovation process, emphasizing the importance of interaction between the stakeholders.
Recognizing critical success factors (CSF) to achieve the strategic goals of SAIPA Press
Authors: Aghaei Meibodi Leili , Monavvarian Abbas 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThis study deals with the results of an investigation to recognize and prioritize key and critical success factors to achieve predetermined goals in strategic plans of SAIPA Press Co., producer of Automobile parts.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, Sirus and Moghaddam model, 2007, is used to identify critical success factors. also, a descriptive statistical method is used to analyze population data, and Friedman method to answer the questionsFindingsRecognition the 24 key success factors, priority of them, being as the critical success factors or core competencies are the results of this research.Practical implicationsKey success factors determine those performance fields that manager should notice permanently. These factors have most importance in executing this strategyOriginality/valueKey factors concepts for success is not a new revolution in occupation. These concepts were suggested by Ronald Daniel in 1960s. But nowadays, these concepts and approaches become more powerful. The most successful organizations in new millennium are those that from one hand have brilliant strategic views and from the other hand have guidelines and tactics to achieve success Key success goals and factors are both necessary to conduct organization to its mission. Key success factors make goals powerful directly and make mission powerful indirectly.
From Cold War science diplomacy to partnering in a networked world
Authors: Suttmeier Richard P. 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the history, current activities, and prospects of Sino‐US cooperation in science and technology (S&T). It seeks to understand the role of S&T in Sino‐US relations, how the relationship has affected Chinese scientific development and, more generally, to better understand the ways S&T affect – and are affected by – the foreign policies of nation states.Design/methodology/approachEmploying an institutional perspective, the paper is based on interviews in China and the USA and reviews of government documents and press reports.FindingsOwing to the impacts of the Cultural Revolution on Chinese S&T, the relationship is highly asymmetrical when it began in the late 1970s. As Chinese capabilities have improved, aided measurably by the relationship with the USA, the two sides are now in a position to cooperate more fully across a wide range of areas of interest to both sides. Channels for cooperation have been developed through the two governments, through Chinese and US corporations and through academic institutions in the two countries. Together, these allow for collaborative activities in basic science, commercial research and development, and in S&T in support of public goods.Originality/valueThe Sino‐US relationship in S&T has become more important to the two countries as they face an array of daunting challenges of energy, public health, basic research, and new industrial technologies. Yet, the relationship has not been extensively studied in spite of its growing importance. This paper attempts to help overcome this neglect. A better understanding of the relationship will contribute to improved understandings of Sino‐US relations more generally, and to the ways in which S&T fit into the foreign relations of major powers.
Goodbye Halteria? The thoracic morphology of Endopterygota (Insecta) and its phylogenetic implications
Authors: Friedrich Frank , Beutel Rolf G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCharacters of the thorax of 30 representatives of all endopterygote orders and four hemimetabolous outgroup taxa were examined. In total, 126 characters potentially useful for phylogenetic reconstruction are discussed and presented as a data matrix. The thoracic features were analysed with different approaches combined with an additional large set of morphological data. Endopterygota were confirmed as monophyletic and new morphological autapomorphies of the group are suggested. The highly controversial Strepsiptera are not placed as sistergroup of Diptera (Halteria‐concept) but consistently as sistergroup of Coleoptera. This clade was mainly supported by characters associated with posteromotorism. The traditionally proposed relationship of Neuropterida + Coleoptera was not confirmed. Hymenoptera was placed as sistergroup of all remaining orders in parsimony analyses. The inclusion of Strepsiptera + Coleoptera in Mecopterida in parsimony analyses is probably artificial and potential thoracic autapomorphies of Mecopterida in the traditional sense are suggested. Mecopterida are confirmed as a clade in Bayesian analyses. Amphiesmenoptera and Antliophora are well supported. The paraphyly of Mecoptera is due to a clade comprising Nannochoristidae and Siphonaptera + Diptera. The phylogenetic reconstruction using characters of the thorax is impeded by functional constraints, parallel losses, a general trend to reinforce the skeleton and to simplify the muscular apparatus, and also by different specializations occurring in potential outgroup taxa. The addition of a large additional morphological data set only partly compensated for these problems. It is apparent that the inclusion of more outgroup and ingroup taxa is required, notably presumably basal representatives of Mecoptera, Trichoptera, and Diptera. This may reduce the effect of an artificial attraction of branches caused by homoplasy, notably character losses occurring within different lineages.© The Willi Hennig Society 2010.
Measurement of abdominal symptoms by validated questionnaire: a 3‐month recall timeframe as recommended by Rome III is not superior to a 1‐year recall timeframe
Authors: REY E. , LOCKE G. R. , JUNG H.‐K. , MALHOTRA A. , CHOUNG R. S. , BEEBE T. J. , SCHLECK C. D. , ZINSMEISTER A. R. , TALLEY N. J. 
Published: March 2010

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 31, 1237–1247SummaryBackground  Rome III incorporates changes in the definition of functional gastrointestinal disorder that involve a 3‐month recall time for symptoms, rather than 1‐year.Aim  To validate a new version of the Talley‐Bowel Disease Questionnaire (Talley‐BDQ) and assess the impact of recall time period on the prevalence of symptoms.Methods  A sample of community residents were randomly mailed a survey using 1‐year (n = 396) or 3‐month recall period (n = 374). We evaluated the reliability and the concurrent validity of the two versions of the questionnaire. The proportions of subjects reporting symptoms in the two versions were compared.Results  The median (IQR) kappa on symptom‐related questions was 0.70 (0.57–0.76) from the 1‐year version and 0.66 (0.56–0.77) from the 3‐month version. A median kappa of 0.39 (0.19–0.70) and 0.58 (0.39–0.73) was observed for concurrent validation of the 1‐year and 3‐month versions respectively. Except for gastro‐oesophageal reflux symptoms, no differences were observed on the prevalence of clinically relevant symptoms.Conclusion  The revised Talley‐BDQ is reliable, with excellent reproducibility and validity. There were few differences in reported symptom rates between the 3‐month and 1‐year recall time versions of the questionnaire. A 1‐year recall time may more efficiently capture infrequent or subtle symptoms.
Validation of whole genome linkage‐linkage disequilibrium and association results, and identification of markers to predict genetic merit for twinning
Authors: Bierman C. D. , Kim E. , Shi X.‐W. , Weigel K. , Jeffrey Berger P. , Kirkpatrick B. W. 
Published: March 2010

SummaryA previous genome‐wide search with a moderate density 10K marker set identified many marker associations with twinning rate, either through single‐marker analysis or combined linkage‐linkage disequilibrium (LLD; haplotype) analysis. The objective of the current study was to validate putative marker associations using an independent set of phenotypic data. Holstein bulls (n = 921) from 100 paternal half‐sib families were genotyped. Twinning rate predicted transmitting abilities were calculated using calving records from 1994 to 1998 (Data I) and 1999 to 2006 (Data II), and the underlying liability scores from threshold model analysis were used as the trait in marker association analyses. The previous analysis used 201 bulls with daughter records in Data I. In the current analysis, this was increased to 434, providing a revised estimate of effect and significance. Bulls with daughter records in Data II totaled 851, and analysis of this data provided the validation of results from analysis of Data I. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected to validate previously significant single‐marker associations and LLD results. Bulls were genotyped for a total of 306 markers. Nine of 13 LLD regions located on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 22, 23(2) and 26 were validated, showing significant results for both Data I and II. Association analysis revealed 55 of 174 markers validated, equating to a single‐marker validation rate of 31%. Stepwise backward elimination and cross‐validation analyses identified 18 SNPs for use in a final reduced marker panel explaining 34% of the genetic variation, and to allow prediction of genetic merit for twinning rate.
Impaired lymphocyte mitochondrial antioxidant defences in variegate porphyria are accompanied by more inducible reactive oxygen species production and DNA damage
Authors: Ferrer Miguel D. , Sureda Antoni , Tauler Pedro , Palacín Clara , Tur Josep A. , Pons Antoni 
Published: March 2010

SummaryThis study aimed to analyse lymphocyte reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and detoxification mechanisms and the appearance of oxidative damage in variegate porphyria (VP) patients. Twelve women affected by VP and 12 pair‐matched healthy control women participated in the study. VP women presented impaired expression of the mitochondrial proteins protoporphyrinogen oxidase, uncoupling protein‐3, Bcl‐2 and sirtuin 3. Lymphocytes from VP women presented higher H2O2production than controls after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. The inhibition of H2O2production afterin vitrolymphocyte treatment with myxothiazol pointed towards complex III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain as the main contributor of the higher ROS production in porphyric subjects. No differences were observed between VP and control subjects in the levels of DNA damage, assessed by the comet assay method in un‐treated lymphocytes. However, DNA damage, expressed both as a percentage of DNA in tail and as the tail moment, was greater in VP women than controls after lymphocyte treatment with H2O2. In conclusion, lymphocytes from VP women showed impaired expression of mitochondrial antioxidant defences but no significant signs of oxidative stress were evidenced in basal, non‐stressing conditions; however, lymphocytes of VP women were more susceptible to producing mitochondrial ROS and to suffering oxidative damage when submitted to stressful situations.
The effect of a music programme during lunchtime on the problem behaviour of the older residents with dementia at an institution in Taiwan
Authors: Chang Fang‐Yu , Huang Hui‐Chi , Lin Kuan‐Chia , Lin Li‐Chan 
Published: March 2010

Aims.  To study the effect of a music programme during lunchtime on problem behaviour among institutionalised older residents with dementia.Background.  Symptoms of dementia among older people include depression, problems with memory, insomnia and problem behaviours. Problem behaviour has been identified by families and nurses as the greatest challenge that needs to be addressed. Several studies have found that music therapy can reduce problem behaviours among dementia sufferers and, based on this finding, music has been recommended for incorporation as part of dementia management.Design.  This study used a quasi‐experimental design with an eight‐week time series follow‐up. The intervention was background music when residents had their lunch meal.Methods.  A purposive sampling technique was used. Forty‐one participants were selected from an institution housing residents with dementia located in a city in Taiwan.Results.  The mean age of participants was 81·68 (SD 6·39) years old. The mean score for Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) was 10·66 (SD 6·85). The mean of Barthel Activity of Daily Living score was 56·83 (SD 38·12). The results showed that the music programme reduced, significantly, physical and verbal aggressive behaviour among the older residents with dementia. The study identified that there was a one‐week time lag between the implementation of the music programme and a significant effect on the residents.Conclusions.  The results from this study suggested that music is able to reduce the degree of problem behaviours among the older residents with dementia and this helps to ease work‐load of nurse aides and nurses during meal times.Relevance to clinical practice.  The results may serve as a reference for the future treatment of problem behaviour among the older with dementia.
Community‐based interventions to reduce falls among older adults in Taiwan – long time follow‐up randomised controlled study
Authors: Huang Hui‐Chi , Liu Chieh‐Yu , Huang Yu‐Tai , Kernohan W George 
Published: March 2010

Aims.  The aim of the study was to examine the effects of different interventions that are used to prevent falls. These were education, Tai Chi Chuan and education plus Tai Chi Chuan; the study involved a five‐month implantation period and a one‐year follow‐up period.Background.  With advancing years, a fall can be very serious and an increased number of falls/re‐falls among older adults has been noted. Hence, both education about risk factors and balance exercise programs such as Tai Chi Chuan may help to prevent falls.Design.  This study adopted a randomised case‐controlled design with a two‐by‐two factorial approach. It included three intervention groups and one control group in a community‐based program.Methods.  Cluster‐randomised sampling was used and four villages in Taiwan City were selected. Three interventions groups and one control group were involved over five‐months from late July 2000–January 2001 and each participant was followed up one year later (n = 163).Results.  The intervention involving education plus Tai Chi Chuan resulted in a statistically significant reduction in falls and the risk factors of falls over the five‐month intervention. After one‐year follow‐up, participants receiving any one of the interventions showed a reduction in falls compared with the control group.Conclusions.  Tai Chi Chuan was able to improve gait balance significantly. Education may also help participants to prevent falls‐by eliminating related risk factors present in their environment. However, it was found that at the one‐year follow‐up, any one of the three interventions had reduced falls significantly.Relevance to clinical practice.  The prevention of falls among older adults seems to needs multiple interventions. Education plus Tai Chi Chuan has both an immediately and a long‐term effect and it is possible that a shorter intervention period using this approach would also be successful.
Effects of listening to music on postpartum stress and anxiety levels
Authors: Tseng Ying‐Fen , Chen Chung‐Hey , Lee ChihChen S 
Published: March 2010

Aim.  This Taiwan study investigated what effect listening to specially selected, relaxing music at home, on a self‐regulated basis, had on the perceived stress and state anxiety of postpartum women.Background.  Listening to music has been increasingly used in the perinatal period, but few studies have been undertaken to provide evidence of its effectiveness.Design.  A randomised clinical trial.Methods.  Seventy‐seven postpartum women were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 37) and a control group (n = 40). The experimental group listened to music at home for at least 30 minutes a day over two weeks and received regular postpartum care. The women in the control group received regular postpartum care only. The Perceived Stress Scale and State Anxiety Inventory were used to measure outcomes.Results.  After controlling the pretest scores and educational level of mothers, which was a significant covariate, there were no significant differences in the posttest levels of perceived stress and state anxiety between the two groups.Conclusions.  This study does not provide evidence that preselected designer music reduced stress and anxiety levels among postpartum women.Relevance to clinical practice.  Despite the absence of significant findings, there are lessons that professionals may find useful. It is recommended that future studies take more account of the stress factors that postpartum women are unable to control when they are listening to music at home.
Effects of relaxation training on sleep quality and fatigue in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Demiralp Meral , Oflaz Fahriye , Komurcu Seref 
Published: March 2010

Aim.  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of progressive muscle relaxation training on sleep quality and fatigue in Turkish women with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.Background.  Sleep problems and fatigue are highly prevalent in patients with breast cancer. Progressive muscle relaxation training is a promising approach in ameliorating the sleep quality and reducing the fatigue associated with cancer and its treatment.Design.  A prospective, repeated measures, quasi‐experimental design with control group.Methods.  The study sampling consisted of 27 individuals (14 individuals formed the progressive muscle relaxation group, 13 individuals formed the control group) who met the criteria for inclusion in the study. Progressive muscle relaxation training was given to the progressive muscle relaxation group, but not to the control group. The effect of the progressive muscle relaxation training was measured at different stages of the treatment. A data collection form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Piper Fatigue Scale were used to collect the data for this study.Results.  The progressive muscle relaxation group experienced a greater increase in improved sleep quality and a greater decrease in fatigue than the control group.Conclusions.  The findings indicated that progressive muscle relaxation training would improve sleep quality and fatigue in patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.Relevance to clinical practice.  Progressive muscle relaxation training given by a nurse can improve sleep quality and fatigue in patients with breast cancer. It is important to start relaxation training just before chemotherapy to decrease the frequency and severity of sleep problems and symptoms such as fatigue during chemotherapy.