bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cigarette smoking may modify the risk of depression in eczema among adults: a preliminary study using NHANES 2005–2006
Authors: Yang Y.‐W. , Chen Y.‐H. , Huang Y.‐H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  Eczema has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression. However, the effect of cigarette smoking on the association between eczema and depression remains unclear.Objectives  In this study, we investigated whether smoking behaviour and tobacco exposure influence the association between eczema and depression.Methods  This was a population‐based cross‐sectional study. Subjects (287 eczema patients and 40 patients with depression, out of a total of 2974 subjects in the database) were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006, aged between 20 and 59 years. Lifetime presence of eczema was obtained by self‐reporting questionnaires, and depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire. Smoking status was determined by self‐report and serum cotinine levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the association between eczema and depression with and without adjusting for smoking behaviour. Stratified analysis was also performed according to smoking status.Results  Eczema was significantly associated with depression (adjusted OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.59–2.83). This association persisted after additionally adjusting for smoking status. In stratified analysis, the association between eczema and depression was higher and stronger among current smokers than never smokers, former smokers and passive smokers.Conclusion  Our findings indicated that cigarette smoking may modify the risk of depression in eczema. We suggested cessation of smoking in eczema patients to decrease the risk of this psychiatric co‐morbidity.
Cloudy and starry milia‐like cysts: how well do they distinguish seborrheic keratoses from malignant melanomas?
Authors: Stricklin S.M. , Stoecker W.V. , Oliviero M.C. , Rabinovitz H.S. , Mahajan S.K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground  Seborrheic keratoses are the most common skin lesions known to contain small white or yellow structures called milia‐like cysts (MLCs). Varied appearances can sometimes make it difficult to differentiate benign lesions from malignant lesions such as melanoma, the deadliest form of skin cancer found in humans.Objective  The purpose of this study was to determine the statistical occurrence of MLCs in benign vs. malignant lesions.Methods  A medical student with 10 months experience in examining approximately 1000 dermoscopy images and a dermoscopy‐naïve observer analysed contact non‐polarized dermoscopy images of 221 malignant melanomas and 175 seborrheic keratoses for presence of MLCs.Results  The observers found two different types of MLCs present: large ones described as cloudy and smaller ones described as starry. Starry MLCs were found to be prevalent in both seborrheic keratoses and melanomas. Cloudy MLCs, however, were found to have 99.1% specificity for seborrheic keratoses among this group of seborrheic keratoses and melanomas.Conclusion  Cloudy MLCs can be a useful tool for differentiating between seborrheic keratoses and melanomas.
Alterations in white matter pathways in Angelman syndrome
Authors: PETERS SARIKA U , KAUFMANN WALTER E , BACINO CARLOS A , ANDERSON ADAM W , ADAPA PAVANI , CHU ZILI , YALLAMPALLI RAGINI , TRAIPE ELFRIDES , HUNTER JILL V , WILDE ELISABETH A 
Published: December 2010

Aim  Angelman syndrome is a neurogenetic disorder characterized by severe intellectual disability, absent speech, seizures, and outbursts of laughter. The aim of this study was to utilize diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to examine alterations in white matter pathways in Angelman syndrome, with an emphasis on correlations with clinical severity.Method  DTI was used to examine the arcuate fasciculus (AF), uncinate fasciculus (UF), inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), inferior fronto‐occipital fasciculus (IFOF), and the corpus callosum (CC). We enrolled 14 children aged 8 to 17 years (mean age 10y 8mo; SD 2y 7mo) with Angelman syndrome (seven male; seven female) and 13 typically developing children, aged 8 to 17 years, for comparison (five male; eight female; mean age 12y; SD 2y 9mo). Individuals with Angelman syndrome were assessed using standardized measures of development, language, and behaviour.Results  The children with Angelman syndrome exhibited lower fractional anisotropy and increased radial diffusivity values than the comparison group for the AF, UF, ILF, and CC (p<0.006 corrected for multiple comparisons). They also had lower fractional anisotropy values for the IFOF and higher radial diffusivity values for the left IFOF (p<0.006). Additionally, children with Angelman syndrome had significantly higher apparent diffusion coefficient values in the AF, CC, ILF, and the left IFOF (p<0.006). Significant correlations were noted between DTI parameters and some of the clinical assessment outcomes (e.g. language, socialization, cognition) for three of the temporal pathways (AF, UF, ILF; p<0.05).Interpretation  Changes in DTI parameters in individuals with Angelman syndrome suggest decreased/delayed myelination, decreased axonal density or diameter, or aberrant axonal organization. Our findings suggest a generalized white matter alteration throughout the brain in those with Angelman syndrome; however, only the alterations in temporal white matter pathways were associated with language and cognitive and social functioning.
A Controller for a Miniature Intra‐Aortic Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Hsu Po‐Lin , Bruch Julius , McMahon Richard 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTwo control algorithms have been developed for a minimally invasive axial‐flow ventricular assist device (VAD) for placement in the descending aorta. The purpose of the device is to offload the left ventricle and to augment lower body perfusion in patients with moderate congestive heart failure. The VAD consists of an intra‐aortic impeller with a built‐in permanent magnet rotor and an extra‐aortic stator. The control algorithms, which use pressure readings upstream and downstream of the VAD to determine the pump status, have been tested in a mock circulatory system under two conditions, namely with or without afterload sensitivity. The results give an insight into controller design for an intra‐aortic blood pump working in series with the heart.
Electronic Collaboration: Using Technology to Solve Old Problems of Quality Care
Authors: Baumlin Kevin M. , Genes Nicholas , Landman Adam , Shapiro Jason S. , Taylor Todd , Janiak Bruce 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe participants of the Electronic Collaboration working group of the 2010 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference developed recommendations and research questions for improving regional quality of care through the use of electronic collaboration. A writing group devised a working draft prior to the meeting and presented this to the breakout session at the consensus conference for input and approval. The recommendations include: 1) patient health information should be available electronically across the entire health care delivery system from the 9‐1‐1 call to the emergency department (ED) visit through hospitalization and outpatient care, 2) relevant patient health information should be shared electronically across the entire health care delivery system, 3) Web‐based collaborative technologies should be employed to facilitate patient transfer and timely access to specialists, 4) personal health record adoption should be considered as a way to improve patient health, and 5) any comprehensive reform of regionalization in emergency care must include telemedicine. The workgroup emphasized the need for funding increases so that research in this new and exciting area can expand.ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:1312–1321 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
Expression of midkine and endoglin in breast carcinomas with different immunohistochemical profiles
Authors: LI QIN LI , LIAN HUANG HUI , LIANG PING JIN , XU WEI , LI JING , CHENG DAI LI 
Published: December 2010

Li LQ, Huang HL, Ping JL, Xu W, Li J, Dai LC. Expression of midkine and endoglin in breast carcinomas with different immunohistochemical profiles, APMIS 2010; 119: 103–110.The aim of this study was to investigate the midkine and endoglin expression in breast carcinomas with five different immunohistochemical profiles and their relevance to histopathologic and clinicopathologic features. We analyzed 161 archival tissues immunohistologically. The level of midkine expression in breast cancer significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.001) and TNM staging (p = 0.003). High microvessel density (MVD) was associated with higher midkine reactivity group (p = 0.036). Although the basal‐like subtype had higher midkine expression level and MVD, no significant difference with the other breast cancer subtypes was found. In conclusion, midkine was a promising target for tumor prognosis in clinical diagnosis and treatment. This study found no significant differences in tumor angiogenesis in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.
Lymph node harvest in colon cancer specimens depends on tumour factors, patients and doctors, but foremost on specimen handling
Authors: STORLI KRISTIAN , LINDBOE CHRISTIAN FREDRIK , KRISTOFFERSEN CAMILLA , KLEIVEN KARINA , SØNDENAA KARL 
Published: December 2010

Storli K, Lindboe CF, Kristoffersen C, Kleiven K, Søndenaa K. Lymph node harvest in colon cancer specimens depends on tumour factors, patients and doctors, but foremost on specimen handling, APMIS 2010; 119: 127–34.There are good indications that the number of lymph nodes found in the specimen after resections for colon cancer somehow has a bearing on prognosis. Many factors have been reported in the literature to influence lymph node retrieval. We wanted to assess these closer with special focus on the pathology handling process in our own practice. A range of international literature was reviewed to study what has been found to influence lymph node harvest. A questionnaire was sent to 13 renowned national and international institutions to explore their handling of the colon cancer specimens to obtain a histological diagnosis. A retrospective, hospital audit was undertaken to examine if the number of lymph nodes and staging after examinations of the specimens varied between individual pathologists. In the literature, tumour and patient characteristics, as well as the surgeon and the pathologist, are found to be influential, but it is difficult to ascertain which ones are truly essential. Fat solvents were found by several to increase the lymph node yield, although some also opposed this finding. Our questionnaire showed some variations in the routines of each Department. A junior pathologist was more likely to inspect the specimen first hand and not more than half employed specific lymph node detection strategies while three of 13 did not seek a minimum number of lymph nodes. Still every department had implemented a standard procedure for such examinations. The internal audit showed without doubt that the devotion of the pathologist secured significantly more lymph nodes from the specimen and this may also have detected more stage III cancers. Several tumour and individual patient characteristics, surgical approach and specimen handling may influence lymph node yield and theoretically, TNM staging. Our investigation specifically suggests that tissue handling by pathologists may be a prominent factor in lymph node harvest from colon cancer specimens.
Use of calcium and magnesium infusions in prevention of oxaliplatin induced sensory neuropathy
Authors: CHAY Wen‐Yee , TAN Sze‐Huey , LO Yew‐Long , ONG Simon Yew‐Kwang , NG Hui‐Cheng , GAO Fei , KOO Wen‐Hsin , CHOO Su‐Pin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  Oxaliplatin‐related neurotoxicity is frequently dose‐limiting. Following retrospective studies suggesting neuroprotective effects of calcium and magnesium (Ca and Mg), we conducted a prospective study using nerve conduction studies (NCS) to evaluate the effectiveness of such infusions in oxaliplatin‐related neuropathy.Methods:  Colorectal cancer patients receiving FOLFOX‐4 or capecitabine plus oxaliplatin were randomized to (Arm A) calcium gluconate 1g +15% magnesium sulphate 1g diluted in 100 mL of dextrose 5% or (Arm B) placebo. Neuropathy was assessed using the National Cancer Center common toxicity criteria, oxaliplatin‐specific scale and NCS.Results:  This study was terminated prematurely based on the initial negative results of the CONcePT trial. Median follow up was 8.7 months. Overall 22 out of 27 patients experienced neuropathy. The subjective neuropathy rate was 77% in Arm A and 86% in Arm B, (P = 0.6). At the end of treatment, three patients in Arm A and 0 in Arm B had grade 3 numbness (P = 0.09). There was no significant difference in neuropathy between arms, whether during or at the end of treatment. Median objective neuropathy score was 6 in Arm A and 0 in Arm B, (P = 0.02).Conclusion:  Premature closure of this study limits the interpretation of results. While there was a trend towards reduced subjective acute sensory neuropathy with Ca and Mg, this was not significant. Ca and Mg failed to reduce the rate of cumulative sensory neuropathy and instead increased the rate of abnormal NCS, suggesting a significant difference in perceived sensory and objective neuropathy.
The 2010 nova outburst of the symbiotic Mira V407 Cyg
Authors: Munari U. , Joshi V. H. , Ashok N. M. , Banerjee D. P. K. , Valisa P. , Milani A. , Siviero A. , Dallaporta S. , Castellani F. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The nova outburst experienced in 2010 by the symbiotic binary Mira V407 Cyg has been extensively studied at optical and infrared wavelengths with both photometric and spectroscopic observations. This outburst, reminiscent of similar events displayed by RS Oph, can be described as a very fast He/N nova erupting while being deeply embedded in the dense wind of its cool giant companion. The hard radiation from the initial thermonuclear flash ionizes and excites the wind of the Mira over great distances (recombination is observed on a time scale of 4 d). The nova ejecta is found to progressively decelerate with time as it expands into the Mira wind. This is deduced from linewidths which change from a FWHM of 2760 km s−1 on day +2.3 to 200 km s−1 on day +196. The wind of the Mira is massive and extended enough for an outer neutral and unperturbed region to survive at all outburst phases.
DEVELOPMENT OF DI‐ AND TETRANUCLEOTIDE REPEAT PRIMER FOR DISCRIMINATION OF FUSARIUM SPECIES
Authors: ABD‐ELSALAM K.A. , BAHKALI A.H. , MOSLEM M.A. , VERREET J.‐A. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe genetic diversity profiles of 19 isolates of the fungal pathogen Fusarium species, 14 from Egypt and 5 from Germany, were analyzed based on morphological characteristics and microsatellite markers. Five microsatellites were selected and primers were designed. Microsatellite‐primed polymerase chain reaction using the dinucleotide and tetranucleotide primers showed clear polymorphisms among the different Fusarium spp. isolates. Both primers gave similar results in phenetic analysis of genetic similarity between populations. Between Fusarium spp. isolates, similarities ranged from 38 to 62% for interspecific and 62 to 94% for intraspecific comparisons. Two major groups were observed in the dendrogram, which was divided into three subgroups. One of them consisted the five F.oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum isolates at the genetic similarity of 92%. Isolates Fov1, Fov3 and Fov5 showed high genetic relatedness (100%). With the second main cluster, at 62% similarity, one subcluster could be discerned; the subcluster contained F. oxysporum, F. solani, F. sambucinum, F. poae and Fusarium spp. isolates. These experiments reveal that microsatellite primers are reliable, sensitive and technically simple tools for assaying genetic variability in Fusaria.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe results presented herein indicate that a microsatellite technique provides an efficient tool for the identification of polymorphic loci that can be used to monitor the genetic differences between Fusarium species. Upcoming research is warranted to develop more microsatellite primers with a wider array of Fusaria.
HIGH‐POWER PULSED LIGHT FOR DECONTAMINATION OF CHICKEN FROM FOOD PATHOGENS: A STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICIENCY AND ORGANOLEPTIC PROPERTIES
Authors: PASKEVICIUTE E. , BUCHOVEC I. , LUKSIENE Z. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of high‐power pulsed light technique to decontaminate the surface of chicken from food pathogens Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes as well as from total aerobic mesophils in a nonthermal way. Moreover, it was necessary to investigate the organoleptic properties of treated chicken. The spread plate method was used to evaluate antimicrobial efficiency of high‐power pulsed light on S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes in vitro and after inoculation on the surface of skinless chicken breast meat. High‐power pulsed light treatment (1,000 pulses, treatment duration 200 s, total ultraviolet light dose 5.4 J/cm2) reduced viability of S. Typhimurium and L. monocytogenes inoculated on the surface of chicken by 2–2.4 log10 (N/N0) colony forming unit (cfu)/mL order. In addition, total aerobic mesophils on the surface of meat were diminished by 2 log10 (N/N0) cfu/mL. All experiments were performed under nonthermal conditions (<42C). Data obtained on investigation of chemical changes in the treated chicken breasts indicated that the intensity of lipid peroxidation in control and treated chicken samples differed in 0.16 mg malondialdehyde per kilogram of chicken meat. Meanwhile, taste panelists testing organoleptic properties of treated chicken did not detect any changes of raw chicken, chicken broth or cooked chicken meat when it was treated under nonthermal conditions in comparison with control. In conclusion, high‐power pulsed light is a fast, effective and environmentally friendly chicken surface decontamination technology in reducing aerobic plate counts as well as inoculated pathogens. It is important to note that no significant changes in meat lipid peroxidation or sensory characteristics were detected in treated chicken under nonthermal conditions.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSConstructed equipment and obtained data may serve in the future for advanced development of high‐power pulsed light technique which could be used for nonthermal decontamination of different food matrices (fruits, vegetables, eggs shell, fish and meat) and food‐related packaging surfaces, medical devices, processing equipment for the food, medical and pharmaceutical industries.
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF VERTICAL TRANSLOCATION AND LATERAL CROSS‐CONTAMINATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 DURING MECHANICAL TENDERIZATION OF BEEF
Authors: HUANG LIHAN , SHEEN SHIOWSHUH 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTQuantitative vertical translocation and lateral cross‐contamination of Escherichia coli O157:H7 during mechanical tenderization of beef meat were investigated using a restaurant‐style meat tenderizer, which was first used to tenderize a surface‐inoculated sample, and then an additional four uninoculated samples. It was observed that the vertically translocated bacteria (in log10 cfu/g) was directly proportional to the logarithm of the tenderization depth, with an average translocation coefficient of 3.14 ± 0.66 log10 cfu/g per log10 mm of depth. For lateral cross‐contamination, the bacterial counts recovered from the top layers of the first four pieces of meat decreased by approximately 0.5 log10 cfu/g after each tenderization. There was no decrease in the bacterial counts recovered from the top layers after the 4th tenderization. More tenderization studies were needed to quantitatively analyze the trend of lateral cross‐contamination. However, it is evident that both vertical translocation and lateral cross‐contamination can occur during mechanical tenderization of meat.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSFoodborne illnesses caused by consumption of undercooked non‐intact beef meats contaminated with Escherichia coli O157:H7 are an emerging public food safety concern as evidenced by a major outbreak recently. This study investigated both vertical translocation and lateral cross‐contamination of E. coli O157:H7 during mechanical tenderization of beef. The results from this work can aid quantitative assessment of risks caused by non‐intact beef meats.
Nutrition screening practices in Australian healthcare facilities: A decade later
Authors: FERGUSON Maree , BANKS Merrilyn , BAUER Judy , ISENRING Elisabeth , VIVANTI Angela , CAPRA Sandra 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  Nutrition screening can identify patients at risk for malnutrition so that early nutrition intervention can be initiated. The aim of this descriptive study was to compare nutrition screening practices in Australian hospitals in 2008 with those in 1995.Methods:  A survey on nutrition screening practices in Australian healthcare institutions was sent to members of the Dietitians Association of Australia in 1995 and a similar survey in 2008.Results:  Sixty‐eight hospitals responded to the 2008 survey and 124 hospitals to the 1995 survey. The number of hospitals reporting the conduct of nutrition screening has increased since 1995 (78% vs 23%). The number of patients being screened has also increased (all admissions 54% vs 35%) and the time taken to screen a patient has decreased (0–5 minutes 64% vs 13%). The Malnutrition Screening Tool was the most frequently reported screening tool used in 2008 (67%). The use of albumin as a nutrition screening parameter (which was the second most commonly used screening indicator after weight loss in 1995) has appropriately decreased (9% vs 65%). There is still some confusion among dietitians as to the definition of screening, with nutrition assessment tools such as Subjective Global Assessment and Mini‐Nutritional Assessment being used during the nutrition screening process (16% in 2008). Insufficient time and staff are still the top two barriers to nutrition screening implementation. Staff training was the most frequently cited strategy to assist with successful implementation of nutrition screening.Conclusion:  There has been a significant increase in malnutrition screening over the past decade despite ongoing barriers to implementation.
Nutritional status of oncology patients admitted to a rural day chemotherapy unit as measured by the Patient Generated‐Subjective Global Assessment
Authors: CREASER Nicole 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAim:  The aim of the present study was to examine the nutritional status of oncology patients being treated with chemotherapy in the chemotherapy day unit at a Regional Health Service during treatment.Methods:  Patients were screened using the Patient Generated‐Subjective Global Assessment on initial presentation to the chemotherapy unit, then at 3 monthly intervals. Data were collected and analysed by the Research Design and Statistical Support Service of the Gippsland Medical School of Monash University.Results:  Over time, even when adjusted for variables including weight, gender and cancer type, measures of nutritional score do not vary significantly. As such, patients were able to maintain nutritional status according to the Patient Generated‐Subjective Global Assessment, throughout the course of treatment.Conclusion:  There appear to be high levels of malnutrition in the population of patients attending rural day chemotherapy units. However, patients were able to maintain their nutritional status throughout the course of chemotherapy treatment.