bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential Outcomes of Expanded-Criteria Donor Renal Allografts According to Recipient Age
Authors: Mezrich Joshua D. , Pirsch John D. , Fernandez Luis A. , Foley David P. , Bellingham Janet M. , Odorico Jon S. , Leverson Glen E. , Munoz-del-Rio Alejandro , Sollinger Hans W. , Kaufman Dixon B. , D’Alessandro Anthony M. 
Published: June 2012

Summary

Background and objectives
Expanded-criteria donor (ECD) kidneys are used to expand the number of deceased-donor kidney transplants, often for elderly recipients. This study sought to determine whether older recipients had significantly worse outcomes from receiving ECD kidneys and whether outcomes of ECD versus standard-criteria donor (SCD) kidneys differed in younger recipients.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
This is a single-center, retrospective review of all primary deceased-donor kidney transplantations performed between 2000 and 2005. Group 1 consisted of patients ≥60 years of age (n=189) who received an ECD (n=96) or an SCD (n=93) kidney. Group 2 consisted of patients 40–59 years of age (n=370) who received an ECD (n=105) or an SCD (n=265) kidney.

Results
Older recipients (group 1) who received ECD kidneys demonstrated significantly shortened 5-year actuarial patient and graft survival rates compared with older recipients of SCD allografts. Group 1 ECD recipients also had significantly worse outcomes than younger (group 2) ECD recipients. In multivariate analysis, ECD kidneys remained an independent predictor of poorer outcome in group 1.

Conclusions
Morbidity and mortality were increased in elderly recipients of ECD kidneys. These findings may have implications in kidney allocation policy developments that encourage placement of ECD kidneys for older recipients.
A survey of Tennessee veterinarian and physician attitudes, knowledge, and practices regarding zoonoses prevention among animal owners with HIV infection or AIDS
Authors: Hill William Allen , Petty Gregory C. , Erwin Paul C. , Souza Marcy J. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Objective—To examine the attitudes, knowledge, and practices of Tennessee veterinarians and physicians engaged in clinical practice regarding the risk for and prevention of zoonoses in people with HIV infection or AIDS.
Design—Cross-sectional survey.
Sample—Licensed Tennessee veterinarians and physicians engaged in clinical practice.
Procedures—A survey was mailed in January 2010 to 454 licensed veterinarians and 1,737 licensed physicians.
Results—181 of 419 (43.20%) eligible veterinarians and 201 of 1,376 (14.61%) eligible physicians responded to the survey. A majority of both veterinarians (131/179 [73.18%]) and physicians (97/192 [50.52%]) indicated that veterinarians should always or almost always be involved in advising clients with HIV infection or AIDS. The majority of veterinarians (120/173 [69.36%]) indicated they always or almost always discussed with clients the potential risk to immune-compromised persons after diagnosing a zoonosis. A high proportion (88/94 [93.62%]) of physicians indicated they never or rarely initiated discussions about zoonoses with patients with HIV infection or AIDS. All physicians (94/94 [100%]) indicated they never or rarely contacted veterinarians for advice on zoonoses. Similarly, 174 of 180 (96.76%) veterinarians had never or rarely contacted physicians for advice on zoonoses risks. Only 25.97% of veterinarians and 33.33% of physicians were correctly able to identify zoonotic pathogens of greatest concern to people with HIV infection or AIDS.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—We identified several implications for veterinary medical and medical practice that may reduce zoonoses transmission risks for people with HIV infection or AIDS, including increased communication between veterinarians and physicians, increased communication between people with HIV infection or AIDS and health-care providers, increased availability of client educational materials, and increased participation in zoonoses continuing education opportunities by health-care providers.
Factors associated with methicillin-resistant versus methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infection in dogs
Authors: Weese J. Scott , Faires Meredith C. , Frank Linda A. , Reynolds Lisa M. , Battisti Antonio 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Objective—To compare methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and methicillin-susceptible S pseudintermedius (MSSP) infections in dogs.
Design—Multicenter case-control study.
Animals—Dogs with MRSP infections were matched, by hospital, with 2 MSSP controls, with the infections occurring immediately before and after the case infection.
Procedures—Signalment, historical, clinical, treatment, and outcome data were documented. Conditional logistic regression was performed. A manual stepwise backward elimination procedure was used to build the multivariable model.
Results—56 case and 112 control dogs were enrolled. Pyoderma was the most common infection type in both groups. In the final multivariable model, systemic administration of antimicrobials within 30 days prior to infection was significantly associated with an MRSP versus an MSSP infection (OR, 9.9; 95% confidence interval, 3.59 to 27.53).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The association of prior antimicrobial administration and MRSP infection indicated the potential impact of routine antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine on antimicrobial resistance and the need for prudent use of these important drugs. Mortality rate was not significantly different between MRSP and MSSP infections; the lack of a significant difference suggested that MRSP was inherently no more virulent than MSSP, provided the infection was properly diagnosed and appropriate treatment was started. Basic concepts such as prudent antimicrobial use and early diagnosis through timely submission of appropriate culture specimens therefore can be important measures to try to reduce the impact of this pathogen.
An Internet-based survey of risk factors for surgical gastric dilatation-volvulus in dogs
Authors: Pipan Marko , Brown Dorothy Cimino , Battaglia Carmelo L. , Otto Cynthia M. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate risk factors for gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in a large number of privately owned dogs across a wide geographic area.
Design—Internet-based, cross-sectional study.
Animals—2,551 privately owned dogs.
Procedures—A questionnaire addressed dog-specific, management, environmental, and personality-associated risk factors for GDV in dogs. Respondents were recruited through the posting of the electronic link to the questionnaire on websites for dog owners; the information was also disseminated at meetings of dog owners and via newsletters, e-mail lists for dog owners and breeders, owner-oriented dog publications, and e-mails forwarded by participants. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were performed.
Results—Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of GDV were being fed dry kibble, anxiety, residence in the United Kingdom, being born in the 1990s, being a family pet, and spending at least 5 hours a day with the owner. Factors associated with a decreased risk of GDV were playing with other dogs and running the fence after meals, fish and egg dietary supplements, and spending equal time indoors and outdoors. A significant interaction between sex and neuter status was observed, with sexually intact females having the highest risk for GDV.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In dogs with a high risk of GDV, regular moderate daily and postprandial activity appeared to be beneficial. Feeding only commercial dry dog food may not be the best choice for dogs at risk; however, supplements with fish or eggs may reduced this risk. The effect of neuter status on GDV risk requires further characterization.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus spp and Staphylococcus spp isolated from surfaces in a veterinary teaching hospital
Authors: Hamilton Elizabeth , Kaneene John B. , May Katherine J. , Kruger John M. , Schall William , Beal Matthew W. , Hauptman Joe G. , DeCamp Charles E. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Objective—To determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of enterococci and staphylococci collected from environmental surfaces at a veterinary teaching hospital (VTH).
Design—Longitudinal study.
Sample—Samples collected from surfaces in 5 areas (emergency and critical care, soft tissue and internal medicine, and orthopedic wards; surgery preparation and recovery rooms; and surgery office and operating rooms) of a VTH.
Procedures—Selected surfaces were swabbed every 3 months during the 3-year study period (2007 to 2009). Isolates of enterococci and staphylococci were identified via biochemical tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility was evaluated with a microbroth dilution technique. A subset of isolates was analyzed to assess clonality by use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.
Results—430 samples were collected, and isolates of enterococci (n = 75) and staphylococci (110) were identified. Surfaces significantly associated with isolation of Enterococcus spp and Staphylococcus spp included cages and a weight scale. Fourteen Enterococcus spp isolates and 17 Staphylococcus spp isolates were resistant to ≥ 5 antimicrobials. Samples collected from the scale throughout the study suggested an overall increase in antimicrobial resistance of Enterococcus faecium over time. Clonality was detected for E faecium isolates collected from 2 different surfaces on the same day.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Although not surprising, the apparent increase in antimicrobial resistance of E faecium was of concern because of the organism's ability to transmit antimicrobial resistance genes to other pathogens. Results reported here may aid in identification of critical control points to help prevent the spread of pathogens in VTHs.
Myenteric ganglionitis as a cause of recurrent colic in an adult horse
Authors: Blake Karen R. , Affolter Verena K. , Lowenstine Linda J. , Vilches-Moure Jose G. , le Jeune Sarah S. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Case Description—A 10-year-old Lipizzaner stallion was evaluated over the course of 1.5 years because of intermittent, recurrent colic.
Clinical Findings—The horse was initially treated medically for gastric ulcers; dietary changes were made, and a deworming protocol was instituted, without resolution of colic episodes. Subsequently, the horse underwent exploratory celiotomy and a large colon volvulus was identified with diffuse colonic wall thickening. A pelvic flexure biopsy sample was submitted for histologic examination, which revealed lymphocytic (CD3-positive T cells) myenteric ganglionitis (MG). The horse developed a cecal impaction after surgery, which did not resolve, despite aggressive medical management; subsequently a complete cecal bypass was performed. Cecal and colonic wall biopsy samples were evaluated histologically and confirmed the diagnosis of MG. After surgery, the horse developed a large colon impaction, which initially responded to aggressive medical treatment, and the horse was discharged.
Treatment and Outcome—Despite rigorous feed restrictions and prokinetic and corticosteroid treatment, the horse continued to have signs of colic and was euthanized 3 weeks after discharge from the hospital because of a recurrent large colon impaction. Intestinal biopsy samples obtained at the time of death revealed chronic changes in intramural ganglia consistent with generalized MG.
Clinical Relevance—MG is a rare disease in horses, causing gastrointestinal motility dysfunction and signs of colic, which is challenging to diagnose and treat successfully. Further studies are needed to identify the etiology of this disease and to explore treatment options.
Glassy carbon and boron doped glassy carbon electrodes for voltammetric determination of linuron herbicide in the selected samples
Authors: Đorđević Jelena , Kalijadis Ana , Kumrić Ksenija , Jovanović Zoran , Laušević Zoran , Trtić-Petrović Tatjana 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
In this study the application of home-made unmodified (GC) and bulk modified boron doped glassy carbon (GCB) electrodes for the voltammetric determination of the linuron was investigated. The electrodes were synthesized with a moderate temperature treatment (1000°C). Obtained results were compared with the electrochemical determination of the linuron using a commercial glassy carbon electrode (GC-Metrohm). The peak potential (E p ) of linuron oxidation in 0.1 mol dm−3 H2SO4 as electrolyte was similar for all applied electrodes: 1.31, 1.34 and 1.28 V for GCB, GC and GC-Metrohm electrodes, respectively. Potential of linuron oxidation and current density depend on the pH of supporting electrolyte. Applying GCB and GC-Metrohm electrodes the most intensive electrochemical response for linuron was obtained in strongly acidic solution (0.1 mol dm−3 H2SO4). Applying the boron doped glassy carbon electrode the broadest linear range (0.005–0.1 µmol cm−3) for the linuron determination was obtained. The results of voltammetric determination of the linuron in spiked water samples showed good correlation between added and found amounts of linuron and also are in good agreement with the results obtained by HPLC-UV method. This appears to be the first application of a boron doped glassy carbon electrode for voltammetric determination of the environmental important compounds.
In Tribute: Dennis L. Hart, PT, PhD, A Functional Outcome Measurement Visionary
Authors: Werneke Mark W. , Deutscher Daniel , George Steven Z. 
Published: June 2012

In remembrance of Dennis L. Hart, PT, PhD. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(6):489–490. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012.0109
Comparison of Two Methods for Interpreting Lifting Performance During Functional Capacity Evaluation
Authors: Oesch Peter , Meyer Kathrin , Bachmann Stefan , Hagen Kåre Birger , Vøllestad Nina K. 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundFunctional capacity evaluation (FCE) requires determination of effort by observation of effort indexes for performance interpretation. Waddell signs have been shown to be associated with decreased functional performance. Whether determination of effort by observational criteria and Waddell sign testing can be used interchangeably to interpret lifting performance is unknown.ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were to assess the concurrent validity of submaximal effort and Waddell signs and to determine whether these contribute independently to lifting performance.DesignThis investigation was an analytical cross-sectional study.MethodsA total of 130 people who had chronic nonspecific low back pain and were referred for fitness-for-work evaluation were included. Physical effort was determined on the basis of observational criteria for lifting from floor to waist, lifting from waist to shoulder, and horizontal lifting during FCE. A second assessor conducted Waddell sign testing. The concurrent validity of Waddell signs and submaximal effort was assessed by calculating sensitivity and specificity. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine the contributions of Waddell signs and submaximal effort to lifting performance. Age and sex were covariates.ResultsThe FCE assessor found a low sensitivity of Waddell signs for submaximal effort determination. Between 53% and 63% of the participants who were classified as showing submaximal effort had Waddell signs. Waddell signs and submaximal effort were independent contributors to lifting performance. The contribution of submaximal effort was larger than that of Waddell signs, as shown by 20% to 29% higher explained variance in lifting performance when submaximal effort was added to the model first versus 3% to 6% higher explained variance when Waddell signs were added first.LimitationsAssessor variability could have influenced the study results.ConclusionsIn people with chronic nonspecific low back pain, Waddell sign testing and determination of physical effort by observational criteria should not be used interchangeably to interpret lifting performance during FCE.
Unplanned reoperation rates in pediatric neurosurgery: a single center experience and proposed use as a quality indicator
Authors: Mukerji Nitin , Jenkins Alistair , Nicholson Claire , Mitchell Patrick 
Published: June 2012

Object
The pediatric neurosurgery practice over 2 years was reviewed at a tertiary neurosciences center. The intention was to establish the frequency of unplanned reoperations at the center, investigate the factors responsible, and consider using unplanned reoperations as a quality indicator.

Methods
All pediatric neurosurgical operations done between January 2008 and January 2010 were reviewed using data from operation theater logs and hospital records. Data were recorded as per the standard requirements of the Society of British Neurological Surgeons for incorporation into the national database. “Unplanned reoperation” was defined as any unscheduled secondary procedure required for a complication resulting directly or indirectly from the index operation or as an unscheduled return to the operating theater for the same condition. Operations were defined as “urgent” if they had to be performed out of hours (that is, outside the hours of 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.), “emergency elective” if they were included on the emergency list but within working hours, and “routine elective” if they were on the scheduled operations list. Both overall and 30-day unplanned reoperation rates were considered. Factors influencing unplanned reoperations were explored using a logistic regression model.

Results
Four hundred ten operations were analyzed. The overall unplanned reoperation rate was 28%. The median time to an unplanned reoperation was 9 days. Risk factors for unplanned reoperations included a CSF diversion procedure (OR 7, p < 0.0001) and an urgent procedure (OR 2.5, p = 0.02, higher unplanned reoperations for urgent procedures relative to routine electives). The 30-day unplanned reoperation rate was 17%. Urgent cases composed 32% of all operations. Trainees performed 52% of the urgent operations. Forty-four percent of all operations were related to CSF diversion. Sixty-four percent of patients had reoperations during the course of the study period, and 44% of these reoperations were unplanned.

Conclusions
An unplanned return to the operation theater is common in the authors' pediatric neurosurgical practice and is procedure specific. Unplanned reoperation rates may be useful for monitoring quality across hospitals and identifying opportunities for quality improvement. The authors propose the use of this index as a quality indicator and advocate its validation in a prospective multicenter study.
Long-term outcome of 114 children with cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Koroknay-Pál Päivi , Lehto Hanna , Niemelä Mika , Kivisaari Riku , Hernesniemi Juha 
Published: June 2012

Object
Population-based data on pediatric patients with aneurysms are limited. The aim of this study is to clarify the characteristics and long-term outcomes of pediatric patients with aneurysms.

Methods
All pediatric patients (≤ 18 years old) with aneurysms among the 8996 aneurysm patients treated at the Department of Neurosurgery in Helsinki from 1937 to 2009 were followed from admission to the end of 2010.

Results
There were 114 pediatric patients with 130 total aneurysms during the study period. The mean patient age was 14.5 years (range 3 months to 18 years). The male:female ratio was 3:2. Eighty-nine patients (78%) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. The majority of the aneurysms (116 [89%]) were in the anterior circulation, and the most common location was the internal carotid artery bifurcation (36 [28%]). The average aneurysm diameter was 11 mm (range 2–55 mm) with 16 giant aneurysms (12%). Eighty aneurysms (62%) were treated microsurgically, and 37 (28%) were treated conservatively due to poor medical and neurological status of the patient or due to technical reasons during the early years of the patient series. No connective tissue disorders common to pediatric aneurysm patients were diagnosed in this series, with the exception of 1 patient with tuberous sclerosis complex. The mean follow-up duration was 24.8 years (range 0–55.8 years). At the end of follow-up, 71 patients (62%) had a good outcome, 3 (3%) were dependent, and 40 (35%) had died. Twenty-seven deaths (68%) were assessed to be aneurysm-related. Factors correlating with a favorable long-term outcome were good neurological condition of the patient on admission, aneurysm location in the anterior circulation, complete aneurysm closure, and absence of vasospasm. Six patients developed symptomatic de novo aneurysms after a median of 25 years (range 11–37 years). Fourteen patients (12%) had a family history of aneurysms. There was no increased incidence for cardiovascular diseases in long-term follow-up.

Conclusions
Most aneurysms were ruptured and of medium size. Internal carotid artery bifurcation was the most frequent location of the aneurysms. There was a male predominance of pediatric patients with aneurysms. Most patients experienced good recovery, with 91% of the long-term survivors living at home independently without assistance and meaningfully employed. Altogether, almost a third of these patients finished high school and one-fifth had a college or university degree. Pediatric patients had a tendency to develop de novo aneurysms.
Surgical management of temporal meningoencephaloceles, cerebrospinal fluid leaks, and intracranial hypertension: treatment paradigm and outcomes
Authors: Kenning Tyler J. , Willcox Thomas O. , Artz Gregory J. , Schiffmacher Paul , Farrell Christopher J. , Evans James J. 
Published: June 2012

Object
Thinning of the tegmen tympani and mastoideum components of the temporal bone may predispose to the development of meningoencephaloceles and spontaneous CSF leaks. Surgical repair of these bony defects and associated meningoencephaloceles aids in the prevention of progression and meningitis. Intracranial hypertension may be a contributing factor to this disorder and must be fully evaluated and treated when present. The purpose of this study was to establish a treatment paradigm for tegmen defects and elucidate causative factors.

Methods
The authors conducted a retrospective review of 23 patients undergoing a combined mastoidectomy and middle cranial fossa craniotomy for the treatment of a tegmen defect.

Results
The average body mass index (BMI) among all patients was 33.2 ± 7.2 kg/m2. Sixty-five percent of the patients (15 of 23) were obese (BMI > 30 kg/m2). Preoperative intracranial pressures (ICPs) averaged 21.8 ± 6.0 cm H2O, with 10 patients (43%) demonstrating an ICP > 20 cm H2O. Twenty-two patients (96%) had associated encephaloceles. Five patients underwent postoperative ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Twenty-two CSF leaks (96%) were successfully repaired at the first attempt (average follow-up 10.4 months).

Conclusions
Among all etiologies for CSF leaks, those occurring spontaneously have the highest rate of recurrence. The surgical treatment of temporal bone defects, as well as the recognition and treatment of accompanying intracranial hypertension, provides the greatest success rate in preventing recurrence. After tegmen dehiscence repair, ventriculoperitoneal shunting should be considered for patients with any combination of the following high-risk factors for recurrence: spontaneous CSF leak not caused by another predisposing condition (that is, trauma, chronic infections, or prior surgery), high-volume leaks, CSF opening pressure > 20 cm H2O, BMI > 30 kg/m2, preoperative imaging demonstrating additional cranial base cortical defects (that is, contralateral tegmen or anterior cranial base) and/or an empty sella turcica, and any history of an event that leads to inflammation of the arachnoid granulations and impairment of CSF absorption (that is, meningitis, intracranial hemorrhage, significant closed head injury, and so forth).