bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brain‐potential study of preparation for and execution of a task‐switch with stimuli that afford only the relevant task
Authors: Elchlepp Heike , Lavric Aureliu , Mizon Guy A. , Monsell Stephen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBehavioural and neurophysiological studies of task‐switching have tended to employ ‘bivalent’ stimuli (which afford responses in two tasks). Using brain potential recordings, we investigated task‐switching with ‘univalent’ stimuli affording responses in only one of the tasks, and compared the outcomes to those recently obtained with bivalent stimuli (Lavric et al. [2008]: Eur J Neurosci 1‐14), in order to examine two phenomena. First, when only univalent stimuli are presented, the processing of task cues becomes optional. Our results showed that in these circumstances linguistic (but not pictorial) cues were still effective in eliciting at least some degree of preparation for a task‐switch, as evidenced by the reduction in the error cost of switching at the longer preparation interval and by a posterior switch‐induced ERP positivity at about 450–800 ms in the cue‐stimulus interval. Second, single affordance stimuli not only reduced behavioural switch costs relative to bivalent stimuli; they also produced a smaller post‐stimulus switch‐induced negativity, consistent with the latter being a marker of conflict between task‐sets. However, using stimuli not associated with responses in the alternative task did not completely eliminate the negativity. We speculate that the residue reflects other sources of conflict: attention to the irrelevant perceptual dimension and/or persistence of task goals. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The absence of the calcium‐buffering protein calbindin is associated with faster age‐related decline in hippocampal metabolism
Authors: Moreno Herman , Burghardt Nesha S. , Vela‐Duarte Daniel , Masciotti James , Hua Fan , Fenton André A. , Schwaller Beat , Small Scott A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAlthough reductions in the expression of the calcium‐buffering proteins calbindin D‐28K (CB) and parvalbumin (PV) have been observed in the aging brain, it is unknown whether these changes contribute to age‐related hippocampal dysfunction. To address this issue, we measured basal hippocampal metabolism and hippocampal structure across the lifespan of C57BL/6J, calbindin D‐28k knockout (CBKO) and parvalbumin knockout (PVKO) mice. Basal metabolism was estimated using steady state relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV), which is a variant of fMRI that provides the highest spatial resolution, optimal for the analysis of individual subregions of the hippocampal formation. We found that like primates, normal aging in C57BL/6J mice is characterized by an age‐dependent decline in rCBV‐estimated dentate gyrus (DG) metabolism. Although abnormal hippocampal fMRI signals were observed in CBKO and PVKO mice, only CBKO mice showed accelerated age‐dependent decline of rCBV‐estimated metabolism in the DG. We also found age‐independent structural changes in CBKO mice, which included an enlarged hippocampus and neocortex as well as global brain hypertrophy. These metabolic and structural changes in CBKO mice correlated with a deficit in hippocampus‐dependent learning in the active place avoidance task. Our results suggest that the decrease in CB that occurs during normal aging is involved in age‐related hippocampal metabolic decline. Our findings also illustrate the value of using multiple MRI techniques in transgenic mice to investigate mechanisms involved in the functional and structural changes that occur during aging. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The service climate‐firm performance chain: The role of customer retention
Authors: Towler Annette , Lezotte Daniel V. , Burke Michael J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis study examines the role of customer retention as a mediator in the service climate–firm performance chain. Using a predictive design that involves data collected from 1,500 automotive service stores from 12,518 employees and approximately 30,000 customers, a model linking service climate (a concern for employees and customers), customer satisfaction, customer retention, and firm performance was tested. Notably, the results support the overall model and the hypothesized mediating effect of customer retention regarding the relationship between customer satisfaction and firm performance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Knowledge transfer in multinationals: The role of inpatriates' boundary spanning
Authors: Reiche B. Sebastian 
Published: May 2011

AbstractViewing knowledge as rooted in individuals, this study investigates knowledge transfer in multinational corporations (MNCs) from an individual‐level perspective. Specifically, the author focuses on inpatriates as a particular group of knowledge actors in MNCs and examines the role of inpatriates' boundary spanning between their home unit and the headquarters for transferring their knowledge to headquarters staff. Based on a sample of 269 inpatriates in 10 German MNCs, the author found that inpatriates' boundary spanning is positively related to inpatriates' individual efforts to transfer knowledge and inpatriates' perceptions of HQ staff efforts to acquire subsidiary‐specific knowledge. Both perceived HQ absorptive capacity and mentoring by HQ staff moderate these relationships. This study's findings contribute to our understanding of the theoretical mechanisms through which MNC knowledge flows occur and highlight key requirements for the design of international staffing practices. ©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Alignment, integration, and consistency in HRM across multi‐employer networks
Authors: Marchington Mick , Rubery Jill , Grimshaw Damian 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMost studies of human resource management (HRM) have been conducted within the context of the single employing organization, which is strange given the recent growth in multi‐employer networks. In this study, the authors examine whether alignment, integration, and consistency—concepts central to or implicit in most analyses of HRM—has meaning and relevance in the multi‐employer context. They focus specifically on networks in which collaboration is intended to deliver high levels of product quality or customer service, precisely where one might expect employers would be attracted to “strong” HRM systems. Data was collected via interviews and document analysis in four networks, spanning both the public and private sectors in the United Kingdom. Despite a set of potentially favorable conditions within these networks to promote alignment, integration, and consistency, implementation was impeded by other equally powerful forces, including differences in employer goals within networks, especially between public and private sector organizations; intraorganizational tensions within internal labor markets for organizations involved in networks; using divergent HR policies between organizations within multi‐employer networks; and contradictions between the pursuit of “among employee” or “temporal” consistency for workers. Rather than prescribing a one‐size‐fits‐all solution for these problems, it is argued that detailed analysis of each network is necessary. ©2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vapor–liquid equilibrium of ammonia–water–lithium nitrate solutions
Authors: Sathyabhama A. , Ashok Babu T.P. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractExperimental results on the pressure–temperature data for the NH3‐H2O binary and NH3‐H2O‐LiNO3 ternary solutions are reported. The pressure was varied between 100 and 800 kPa, while the mass fraction of ammonia was varied in the range 0–0.30. The lithium nitrate concentration of the solution was chosen in the range of 10–50% of mass ratio of lithium nitrate in pure water. An analytical equation for the equilibrium pressure as a function of temperature and concentration was obtained with a good fit to experimental data. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.20351
Numerical investigation of turbulent heat transfer in channels with detached rib‐arrays
Authors: Changcharoen Wayo , Eiamsa‐ard Smith 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA numerical investigation is conducted to analyze the flow‐field and heat transfer characteristics in a rectangular passage of width‐to‐height ratio of 6:1 with detached ribs on one wall, where constant wall temperature condition is applied. The effect of detached‐rib geometry on heat transfer coefficient, friction factor, and thermal enhancement factor is investigated covering the range of the detached‐clearance ratios (c/a) of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4, the Reynolds number based on the channel hydraulic diameter ranges from 8000 to 24,000. The numerical results show that the flow‐field, temperature pattern, local Nusselt number distribution, average Nusselt number, and friction factor are strongly dependent on the detached‐clearance ratios. The thermal enhancement factor (TEF) under the same pumping power constraint is calculated in order to examine the overall effect of the detached‐clearance ratio. For the present range investigated, the maximum TEF of 1.22 is achieved by the use of the ribs with c/a of 0.1 at Reynolds number of 8000. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.20357
On seasonal approach to flood frequency modelling. Part II: flood frequency analysis of Polish rivers
Authors: Kochanek K. , Strupczewski W. G. , Bogdanowicz E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe annual peak flow series of Polish rivers are mixtures of summer and winter flows. As Part II of a sequence of two papers, practical aspects of applicability of seasonal approach to flood frequency analysis (FFA) of Polish rivers are discussed. Taking A Two‐Component Extreme Value (TCEV1) model as an example it was shown in the first part that regardless of estimation method, the seasonal approach can give profit in terms of upper quantile estimation accuracy that rises with the return period of the quantile and is the greatest for no seasonal variation. In this part, an assessment of annual maxima (AM) versus seasonal maxima (SM) approach to FFA was carried out with respect to seasonal and annual peak flow series of 38 Polish gauging stations. First, the assumption of mutual independence of the seasonal maxima has been tested. The smoothness of SM and AM empirical probability distribution functions was analysed and compared. The TCEV1 model with seasonally estimated parameters was found to be not appropriate for most Polish data as it considerably underrates the skewness of AM distributions and upper quantile values as well. Consequently, the discrepancies between the SM and AM estimates of TCEV1 are observed. Taking SM and TCEV1 distribution, the dominating season in AM series was confronted with predominant season for extreme floods. The key argument for presumptive superiority of SM approach that SM samples are more statistically homogeneous than AM samples has not been confirmed by the data. An analysis of fitness to SM and AM of Polish datasets made for seven distributions pointed to Pearson (3) distribution as the best for AM and Summer Maxima, whereas it was impossible to select a single best model for winter samples. In the multi‐model approach to FFA, the tree functions, i.e., Pe(3), CD3 and LN3, should be involved for both SM and AM. As the case study, Warsaw gauge on the Vistula River was selected. While most of AM elements are here from winter season, the prevailing majority of extreme annual floods are the summer maxima. The upper quantile estimates got by means of classical annual and two‐season methods happen to be fairly close; what's more they are nearly equal to the quantiles calculated just for the season of dominating extreme floods. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On seasonal approach to flood frequency modelling. Part I: Two‐component distribution revisited
Authors: Strupczewski W. G. , Kochanek K. , Bogdanowicz E. , Markiewicz I. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe annual peak flow series of the Polish rivers are mixtures of summer and winter flows. In the Part I of a sequence of two papers, theoretical aspects of applicability of seasonal approach to flood frequency analysis (FFA) in Poland are discussed. A testing procedure is introduced for the seasonal model and the data overall fitness. Conditions for objective comparative assessment of accuracy of annual maxima (AM) and seasonal maxima (SM) approaches to FFA are formulated and finally Gumbel (EV1) distribution is chosen as seasonal distribution for detailed investigation. Sampling properties of AM quantile x(F) estimates are analysed and compared for the SM and AM models for equal seasonal variances. For this purpose, four estimation methods were used, employing both asymptotic approach and sampling experiments. Superiority of the SM over AM approach is stated evident in the upper quantile range, particularly for the case of no seasonal variation in the parameters of Gumbel distribution. In order to learn whether the standard two‐ and three‐parameter flood frequency distributions can be used to model the samples generated from the Two‐Component Extreme Value 1 (TCEV1) distribution, the shape of TCEV1 probability density function (PDF) has been tested in terms of bi‐modality. Then the use of upper quantile estimate obtained from the dominant season of extreme floods (DEFS) as AM upper quantile estimate is studied and respective systematic error is assessed. The second part of the paper deals with advantages and disadvantages of SM and AM approach when applied to real flow data of Polish rivers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of potential subsidence related to pumping in the Almería basin (SE Spain)
Authors: Pulido‐Bosch Antonio , Delgado José , Sola Fernando , Vallejos Ángela , Vicente Fernando , López‐Sánchez Juan M. , Mallorquí Jordi J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractGround subsidence of detrital deposits in the Almería basin (SE Spain) was studied using the remote sensing technique of Differential Interferometry SAR (DInSAR). This basin is one of the most arid in Europe, receiving an average rainfall of 250 mm per year. Over the last 60 years the region has experienced an enormous agricultural and urban expansion, whose water demand has been largely supplied from groundwater, leading to the current situation of overexploitation of water resources. This paper outlines the likely relationship between groundwater abstraction and subsidence. To this end, 34 ERS and Envisat images, taken between 2003 and 2009, were analysed to estimate ground surface deformations, and hence, compared with water table variations measured in a number of piezometers in the basin. The analysis shows a clear parallelism between the variations in piezometric level and deformation of the ground surface. In addition, the zones of greatest subsidence coincide with those areas where groundwater abstractions are concentrated. Subsidence over the examined period varies from 10 to 30 mm, with extreme values as high as 50 mm, which translates to a rate of between 1·7 and 5 mm/year, reaching maximum rates of 8 mm/year at some points. Given such subsidence rates, damage to urban infrastructures are, for the moment, incipient. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Floodplain hydrology of the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Hung Nguyen Nghia , Delgado José Miguel , Tri Vo Khac , Hung Le Manh , Merz Bruno , Bárdossy András , Apel Heiko 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe Mekong Delta is one of the largest and most intensively used estuaries in the world. Each year it witnesses widespread flooding which is both the basis of the livelihood for more than 17 million people but also the major hazard. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the hydrologic and hydraulic features is urgently required for various planning purposes. While the general causes and characteristics of the annual floods are understood, the inundation dynamics in the floodplains in Vietnam which are highly controlled by dikes and other control structures have not been investigated in depth. Especially, quantitative analyses are lacking, mainly due to scarce data about the inundation processes in the floodplains. Therefore, a comprehensive monitoring scheme for channel and floodplain inundation was established in a study area in the Plain of Reeds in the northeastern part of the Vietnamese Delta. This in situ data collection was complemented by a series of high‐resolution inundation maps derived from the TerraSAR‐X satellite for the flood seasons 2008 and 2009. Hence, the inundation dynamics in the channels and floodplains, and the interaction between channels and floodplains, could be quantified for the first time. The study identifies the strong human interference which is governed by flood protection levels, cropping patterns and communal water management. In addition, we examine the tidal influence on the inundation in various parts of the Delta, since it is expected that climate change‐induced sea level rise will increase the tidal contribution to floodplain inundation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The synergistic therapeutic effect of cisplatin with Human papillomavirus E6/E7 short interfering RNA on cervical cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Jung Hun Soon , Erkin Ozgur Cem , Kwon Mi Jeong , Kim Seok Hyung , Jung Jae In , Oh Yu‐Kyoung , Her Song Wook , Ju Woong , Choi Yoon‐La , Song Sang Yong , Kim Joong Kyu , Kim Young Deug , Shim Ga Yong , Shin Young Kee 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18 are the major etiologic factors in the development of cervical epithelial neoplasia. Our study was designed to validate antiviral short interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting the E6 and E7 oncogenes as a potential chemosensitizer of cisplatin (cis‐diaminedichloroplatinum II; CDDP) in cervical carcinoma. Specifically, the therapeutic efficacy of combination of CDDP and E6/E7‐specific siRNA was assessed in an in vivo cervical cancer xenograft models. The combination of CDDP and E6/E7‐specific siRNA had greater efficacy than the combination of CDDP and E6‐specific siRNA especially in terms of inducing cellular senescence. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, the mechanism of synergy between these two treatments was revealed, demonstrating that the combination of E6/E7‐specific siRNA and CDDP therapy was significantly superior to either modality alone. In vitro, long‐term exposure of HeLa cells to the combination of CDDP and E6/E7‐specific siRNA induced apoptosis and cellular senescence. In vivo, E6/E7‐specific siRNA potentiated the antitumor efficacy of CDDP via induction of apoptosis, senescence and antiangiogenesis. Our results suggest that E6/E7‐specific siRNA may be an effective sensitizer of CDDP chemotherapy in cervical cancer.
High throughput sequencing reveals diversity of Human Papillomaviruses in cutaneous lesions
Authors: Ekström Johanna , Bzhalava Davit , Svenback Daniel , Forslund Ola , Dillner Joakim 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThere are at least 120 completely characterized human papillomavirus (HPV) types and putative new types are continuously found. Both squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) and other skin lesions commonly contain multiple cutaneous HPV types. The objective of this study was to achieve an improved resolution of the diversity of HPV types in lesions such as SCCs, actinic keratoses (AKs) and keratoacanthomas (KAs). Fresh frozen biopsies from 37 SCC lesions, 36 AK lesions and 92 KA lesions and swab samples from the top of the lesion from 86 SCCs and 92 AKs were amplified using the general HPV primers FAP and mixed to three pools followed by high throughput sequencing. We obtained 2196 reads with homology to HPV. In the pool of SCC/AK biopsies 48 different HPV types were found. Eighty‐three types were found in the pool of SCC/AK swab samples and 64 types in the KA biopsies, respectively. For 9 novel putative HPV types most of the amplimer sequence was obtained, whereas for an additional 35 novel putative HPV types only partial amplimer sequences were obtained. Most of the novel putative types belonged to the genus Gamma. In conclusion, high throughput sequencing was an effective means to identify both known and previously unknown HPV types in putatively HPV‐associated lesions and has revealed an extended diversity of HPV types.
Mammographic density and risk of breast cancer by adiposity: An analysis of four case‐control studies
Authors: Conroy Shannon M. , Woolcott Christy G. , Koga Karin R. , Byrne Celia , Nagata Chisato , Ursin Giske , Vachon Celine M. , Yaffe Martin J. , Pagano Ian , Maskarinec Gertraud 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe association of mammographic breast density with breast cancer risk may vary by adiposity. To examine effect modification by body mass index (BMI), the authors standardized mammographic density data from four case‐control studies (1994–2002) conducted in California, Hawaii and Minnesota and Gifu, Japan. The 1,699 cases and 2,422 controls included 45% Caucasians, 40% Asians and 9% African‐Americans. Using ethnic‐specific BMI cut points, 34% were classified as overweight and 19% as obese. A single reader assessed density from mammographic images using a computer‐assisted method. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) while adjusting for potential confounders. Modest heterogeneity in the relation between percent density and breast cancer risk across studies was observed (pheterogeneity = 0.08). Cases had a greater age‐adjusted mean percent density than controls: 31.7% versus 28.5%, respectively (p <0.001). Relative to <20 percent density, the ORs for >35 were similar across BMI groups whereas the OR for 20‐35 was slightly higher in overweight (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.28, 2.24) and obese (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.12, 2.33) than in normal weight women (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.01). Furthermore, limited evidence of effect modification by BMI of the OR per 10% increase in percent density (pinteraction = 0.06) was observed, including subgroup analyses by menopausal status and in analyses that excluded women at the extremes of the BMI scale. Our findings indicate little, if any, modification by BMI of the effects of breast density on breast cancer risk.