bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Necrolytic acral erythema seronegative for hepatitis C virus – two cases from India treated with oral zinc
Authors: Nikam Balkrishna Pralhad 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground  Necrolytic acral erythema (NAE) is a distinct skin entity and is strongly associated with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. It is distinguished by its acral location, typical clinical and histopathologic features, and positive serum antibodies against HCV. Most cases have been treated with variable success using oral zinc, amino acids, and interferon with or without ribavirin therapy.Methods  We report two patients with the clinical and histopathologic features of NAE; however, both tested seronegative for HCV. Both patients were treated with oral zinc acetate with good response, with one showing a partial relapse after stopping oral zinc. The clinical features, histopathologic findings, association of HCV, and treatment of NAE in different case reports were reviewed.Conclusion  NAE has a strong association with HCV, particularly in prevalent countries such as Egypt. Nevertheless, it may occur independently without HCV association, and oral zinc may prove to be a less toxic therapeutic option for such cases.
Sweet's syndrome with neurologic manifestations in a patient with esophageal adenocarcinoma: case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sobol Urszula A. , Sherman Karen L. , Smith Jason , Nagda Suneel N. , Micetich Kenneth , Nickoloff Brian J. , Shoup Margo C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground  Sweet's syndrome, also known as febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, can occur in patients with an underlying malignancy and can present with extracutaneous manifestations, including neurologic symptoms.Methods  This report describes a 62‐year‐old man with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus who developed Sweet's syndrome and whose postoperative course was complicated by encephalitis.Results  A diagnosis of Sweet's syndrome with neurologic manifestations was made, and the patient was treated with oral corticosteroids. His symptoms improved markedly within 12 h.Conclusion  Neurologic symptoms in Sweet's syndrome are infrequently reported and have not been described previously in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus.
Epidemiology of desquamative gingivitis: evaluation of 125 patients and review of the literature
Authors: Lo Russo Lucio , Fierro Gabriella , Guiglia Rosario , Compilato Domenico , Testa Nunzio Francesco , Lo Muzio Lorenzo , Campisi Giuseppina 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground  Desquamative gingivitis (DG) is a descriptive term used to indicate epithelial desquamation, erythema, erosions, and/or vesiculobullous lesions of the gingiva. DG is commonly associated with several mucocutaneous disorders and systemic conditions that may carry a poor prognosis and high morbidity; however, there are no clear data concerning the frequency of these disease associations.Methods  We investigated the epidemiologic features of DG in 125 patients and compared our findings with information from a literature review.Results  In our series, 88% of patients with DG had one of the following three disorders: oral lichen planus (OLP), mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP), or pemphigus vulgaris. The most common cause of DG was OLP (75% of patients). 22% of patients had isolated gingival involvement, and there were diffuse gingival lesions in 57% of patients. Symptoms ranged from none (1%) to severe pain (10%). There was extra‐oral involvement of skin in 14% of patients, conjunctiva in 7%, genital mucosa in 26%, and internal organs in 3%. Our study showed MMP to be associated with DG in only a small percentage of patients (9%); this finding may be related to the patient population, epidemiology of the specific disease, and referral and/or past diagnostic bias.Conclusion  Based on our series and recent reports, OLP seems to be the most common cause of DG.
Dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans revisited: our experience with 37 patients in south India
Authors: Kaimal Sowmya , D'Souza Mariette , Kumari Rashmi , Parija Subhash Chandra , Sistla Sujatha , Badhe Bhawana Ashok 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground  Dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans (DCPA) is a distinctive type of chronic superficial folliculitis, with a number of unique features such as its peculiar symmetric localization to legs, extreme chronicity, resistance to therapy, and inevitable alopecia and atrophy.Methods  All patients with DCPA, attending the Dermatology Outpatient Department at Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) Hospital, Pondicherry, from December 2006 to June 2008 were included. Parameters recorded were detailed history and examination, hemogram, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, random blood sugar, skin biopsy and cultures from pus and carrier sites (nares, axillae and gluteal fold).Results  37 patients were studied (35 males and 2 females). Sixteen patients (43.24%) belonged to the 21–30 year‐old age group. The disease most commonly began on the legs (81.1%). Majority (78.38%) had a disease duration of less than 5 years. Itching was the most common symptom (89.19%), followed by bleeding and scaling, with no significant systemic symptoms. The lower limbs were involved in all patients. Eleven patients (29.73%) had involvement of other sites – beard, axillae, chest, moustache, abdomen, and eyebrows. Pustules, papules, and scaling were seen in all patients, followed by wiry roughness, atrophy, alopecia, and pigmentation. Aggravating factors included use of full‐length synthetic trousers, occupational exposure to potential irritants, and season (summer). Pus culture from the folliculitic lesions grew Staphylococcus aureus in 32 (86.49%) patients. Twenty one patients (56.75%) were carriers of S. aureus in one or more sites.Conclusion  DCPA is a chronic folliculitis of the legs, with a multifactorial etiopathogenesis, in which staphylococcal carrier status may be a new potential pathogenetic factor.
Skin diseases in patients with β‐thalassemia major
Authors: Dogramaci Asena Cigdem , Savas Nazan , Ozer Burcin , Duran Nizami 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground  β‐Thalassemia major affects multiple organs and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. The goal of this analysis was to document the frequency of skin diseases among patients with β‐thalassemia major.Methods  A sample of 78 patients with β‐thalassemia major was recruited and interviewed at the thalassemia clinic between April and June 2008. A dermatologist completed a skin examination of each patient and recorded any skin disease present. The patients’ laboratory results and treatment modalities were recorded from the charts.Results  Sixty‐five (83.3%) of the 78 patients examined had a diagnosed skin disease: pruritus (37.2%), xerosis (34.6%), scars (24.4%), ephelides (23.1%), skin irritation/erythema caused by deferoxamine pump (12.8%), idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (6.4%), pityriasis alba (6.4%), tinea infections (5.1%), verruca vulgaris (5.1%), urticaria (3.8%), hyperhidrosis, contact dermatitis, and acne (2.6%), necrobiosis lipoidica (1.3%), melasma (1.3%), and others (14.1%). Pruritus and xerosis increased in frequency with age. The mean serum ferritin level was higher in patients with xerosis than in those without (5607.7 ± 2997.5 ng/mL and 4285.2 ± 4732.4 ng/mL, respectively) (P = 0.005). Moreover, xerosis was observed significantly more frequently in patients using deferoxamine and deferiprone than in those using deferasirox (P = 0.047, P = 0.027, and P = 0.273, respectively).Conclusion  Skin diseases, especially pruritus and xerosis, are observed highly frequently in patients with β‐thalassemia major. Treatment is needed for these patients who already have other significant morbidities.
Acute rejection in low‐toxicity regimens: clinical impact and risk factors in the Symphony study
Authors: Frei Ulrich , Daloze Pierre , Vítko Štefan , Klempnauer Jürgen , Reyes‐Acevedo Rafael , Titiz Izzet , Fricke Lutz , Bernasconi Corrado , Ekberg Henrik 
Published: September 2009

Frei U, Daloze P, Vítko Š, Klempnauer J, Reyes‐Acevedo R, Titiz I, Fricke L, Bernasconi C, Ekberg H. Acute rejection in low‐toxicity regimens: clinical impact and risk factors in the Symphony study. Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 500–509. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  The Symphony study assessed whether mycophenolate mofetil (MMF)‐based regimens containing reduced doses of adjunct immunosuppressants could reduce toxicity while maintaining efficacy. Here, we examined the impact of acute rejection and associated risk factors. The incidence of biopsy‐proven acute rejection in the low‐dose tacrolimus group was approximately half that of the standard‐dose cyclosporine and low‐dose cyclosporine groups, and a third of that in the low‐dose sirolimus group. The low‐dose cyclosporine group had more severe rejection episodes (≥grade II) compared with other groups. Acute rejection was associated with a 10 mL/min glomerular filtration rate (GFR) reduction and a 5.3% absolute increase in graft loss at 12 months. Overall, the highest GFR was found in both rejecters and non‐rejecters receiving low‐dose tacrolimus, both in an intent‐to‐treat analysis and in patients successfully treated according to the protocol. In Cox regression models, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) mismatches and expanded criteria donors increased the acute rejection risk, while recipient age, living related donor, and MMF dose were associated with a reduced risk. Acute rejection was associated with worse outcome but did not entirely explain the differences among the treatment groups. The 2 g MMF plus low‐dose tacrolimus combination appears to be the most efficient of all regimens examined regardless of acute rejection.
Patient HSP70‐hom TG haplotype is associated with decreased transplant‐related mortality and improved survival after sibling HLA‐matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Kim Inho , Kim Jin Hee , Rhee Ji Young , Kim Jin Won , Cho Hyeon Jin , Cho Eun‐Young , Lee Jong‐Eun , Hong Yun‐Chul , Park Sung Sup , Yoon Sung‐Soo , Park Myoung Hee , Park Seonyang , Kim Byoung Kook 
Published: September 2009

Kim I, Kim JH, Rhee JY, Kim JW, Cho HJ, Cho E‐Y, Lee J‐E, Hong Y‐C, Park SS, Yoon S‐S, Park MH, Park S, Kim BK. Patient HSP70‐hom TG haplotype is associated with decreased transplant‐related mortality and improved survival after sibling HLA‐matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Transplant 2010: 24: 459–466. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Heat shock protein 70‐hom (HSP70‐hom) plays an important role in protein folding and immune responses. Therefore, HSP70‐hom gene polymorphisms may act as important factors in predicting the prognosis of patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). To evaluate the role of HSP70‐hom gene polymorphisms in the prognosis of patients receiving sibling human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐matched allogeneic HSCT, the HSP70‐hom polymorphisms, T2437C and G2763A, were genotyped in 147 patients receiving sibling HLA‐matched allogeneic HSCT. Individual diplotypes were estimated from genotype data of the two HSP70‐hom polymorphisms using the expectation maximization algorithm. Patients with the 2763GG or GA genotype showed longer overall survival compared with those with the 2763AA genotype, and patients with a TG haplotype (TG/TA, TG/TG or TG/CG) also showed longer overall survival compared with those with a non‐TG haplotype (TA/TA or TA/CG) (both G2763A genotype and diplotype, p < 0.01). Moreover, the 2437TT genotype was found to be protective for treatment‐related death compared with the 2437TC genotype, and a TG haplotype was found to be very protective for treatment‐related death compared with a non‐TG haplotype (T2437C genotype, p = 0.04; and diplotype, p = 0.02). Therefore, our results suggest that HSP70‐hom polymorphisms play an important role in the prognosis of patients receiving sibling HLA‐matched allogeneic HSCT.
DQB1 intron 3 sequences provide an insight into the evolution of DQB1 alleles and form the basis for intron‐based sequencing
Authors: Lebedeva T. , Harrison K. , Fresia B. , Ohashi M. , Yu N. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe goal of this project was to obtain sequences of intron 3 of DQB1 in order to develop a sequencing‐based typing protocol that provides a complete DQB1 exon 3 sequence. Current protocols do not provide complete sequences of exon 3, thus not allowing to differentiate common and well‐documented alleles DQB1*0301 and *0319 and resolve some common trans‐ambiguities with group‐specific sequencing primer (GSSP) sequencing using positions 641 and 650. Samples homozygous for the most common DQB1 alleles were used to obtain intron 3 sequences, which were used to design intron‐based primers for exon 3 amplification. The protocol was extensively validated; no allele dropouts were observed. The presented protocol allows differential typing of DQB1*0301 and *0319 and resolves some common trans‐ambiguities.
HLA‐G polymorphism influences the susceptibility to HCV infection in sickle cell disease patients
Authors: Cordero E. A. A. , Veit T. D. , Da Silva M. A. L. , Jacques S. M. C. , Silla L. M. D. R. , Chies J. A. B. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractDespite its well known monogenic etiopathogenesis, sickle cell disease (SCD) is characterized by a striking variability of clinical presentation. There is growing evidence that genetic factors may be involved in this variability. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐G is a non‐classical HLA molecule which was shown to be expressed at sites of inflammation and in inflammatory diseases. Besides its large and highly polymorphic promoter region, the 3’ UTR region seems also to play an important role on regulating HLA‐G expression. We investigated the influence of the 14 pb (rs1704) and the +3142 (rs1063320) HLA‐G polymorphisms in 93 SCD patients in order to evaluate its potential role on clinical parameters. Twenty‐one patients presented an HCV infection. Among all SCD patients 16 (22.2%) were homozygous for the +3142C genotype, none of them hepatitis C (HCV) positive. Controlling for blood transfusions in the last year, the C allele represented a dose dependent protection effect for HCV infection (PR = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.24–0.71). The +3142C allele was also underrepresented among patients with history of respiratory‐tract infections. Our results support a role of the +3142 polymorphism in the susceptibility to infections, in particular to HCV infection, and suggest a possible interference of the HLA‐G molecule in the response to infections, among SCD patients.
Adoptive immunotherapy for cancer: the next generation of gene‐engineered immune cells
Authors: Berry L. J. , Moeller M. , Darcy P. K. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAdoptive cellular immunotherapy involving transfer of tumor‐reactive T cells has shown some notable antitumor responses in a minority of cancer patients. In particular, transfer of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes has resulted in long‐term objective responses in patients with advanced melanoma. However, the inability to isolate sufficient numbers of tumor‐specific T cells from most malignancies has restricted the broad utility of this approach. An emerging approach to circumvent this limitation involves the genetic modification of effector cells with T cell receptor (TCR) transgenes or chimeric single‐chain variable fragment (scFv) receptors that can specifically redirect T cells to tumor. There has been much progress in the design of TCR and scFv receptors to enhance the antigen‐specific activation of effector cells and their trafficking and persistence in vivo. Considerable effort has been directed toward improving the safety of this approach and reducing the immunogenicity of the receptor. This review discusses the latest developments in the field of adoptive immunotherapy using genetically modified immune cells that have been transduced with either TCR or scFv receptor transgenes and used in preclinical and clinical settings as anticancer agents.
Regional anaesthesia for a Caesarean section in women with cardiac disease: a prospective study
Authors: LANGESÆTER E. , DRAGSUND M. , ROSSELAND L. A. 
Published: September 2009

Background
We conducted a prospective observational survey of pregnant women with cardiac disease. The aim was to analyse and present the mode of delivery, outcome, and haemodynamic changes during a caesarean section under regional anaesthesia in women with cardiac disease.Methods
All pregnant women with a cardiovascular diagnosis, except hypertension, were included in the registry. Based on the cardiac diagnoses, and on the New York Heart Association classification, a multidisciplinary group made recommendations for each patient and decided on the mode of delivery. The data from continuous, invasive haemodynamic monitoring in intermediate‐ and high‐risk patients under regional anaesthesia for a caesarean section were analysed and presented.Results
The hospital had approximately 9000 deliveries in the period from November 2003 to April 2008. A total of 113 pregnancies in 107 women were included. Thirty‐two (28.3%) pregnancies were classified into the high‐risk category. Of 103 deliveries, caesarean sections were performed in 59 (52.2%) cases, with regional anaesthesia in 51 patients (18 emergencies), general anaesthesia in eight patients (five emergencies), and a planned vaginal delivery in 44 patients. There was no mortality among the mothers or the babies during the hospital stay or 6 months postpartum. Pre‐operative cardiovascular stability during the caesarean section was maintained by volume and phenylephrine infusion guided by invasive monitoring of haemodynamic variables.Conclusion
Our study suggests that pregnant women with cardiac disease may safely deliver the baby by a caesarean section under regional anaesthesia. According to our findings, haemodynamic stability can be obtained by titrated regional anaesthesia, intravenous (i.v.) volume, phenylephrine infusion, and small repeated doses of i.v. oxytocin guided by invasive monitoring.
Depth of anaesthesia and post‐operative cognitive dysfunction
Authors: STEINMETZ J. , FUNDER K. S. , DAHL B. T. , RASMUSSEN L. S. 
Published: September 2009

Background: A deep level of anaesthesia measured by the bispectral index has been found to improve processing speed as one aspect of cognitive function after surgery. The purpose of the present study was to assess the possible effect of the level of anaesthesia on post‐operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 1 week after surgery, as assessed by a neuropsychological test battery.Methods: We included 70 patients >60 years of age scheduled for elective non‐cardiac surgery with general anaesthesia. The depth of anaesthesia was monitored using the cerebral state monitor, which provided a cerebral state index (CSI) value. Cognitive function was assessed by the ISPOCD neuropsychological test battery before and at 1 week (or hospital discharge) after surgery and POCD was defined as a Z score above 1.96.Results: Five patients were not assessed after surgery. The mean CSI was 40 and 43 in patients with (N=9) and without POCD (N=56), respectively (P=0.41). The cumulated time of both deep anaesthesia (CSI<40) and light anaesthesia (CSI>60) did not differ significantly, and no significant correlation was found between the mean CSI and the Z score.Conclusion: We were unable to detect a significant association between the depth of anaesthesia and the presence of POCD 1 week after the surgery.
Evaluation of the Video Intubation Unit in morbid obese patients
Authors: BATHORY I. , GRANGES J.‐C. , FRASCAROLO P. , MAGNUSSON L. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Tracheal intubation may be more difficult in morbidly obese (MO) patients than in the non‐obese. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinically if the use of the Video Intubation Unit (VIU), a video‐optical intubation stylet, could improve the laryngoscopic view compared with the standard Macintosh laryngoscope in this specific population.Methods: We studied 40 MO patients (body mass index >35 kg/m2) scheduled for bariatric surgery. Each patient had a conventional laryngoscopy and a VIU inspection. The laryngoscopic grades (LG) using the Cormack and Lehane scoring system were noted and compared. Thereafter, the patients were randomised to be intubated with one of the two techniques. In one group, the patients were intubated with the help of the VIU and in the control group, tracheal intubation was performed conventionally. The duration of intubation, as well as the minimal SpO2 achieved during the procedure, were measured.Results: Patient characteristics were similar in both groups. Seventeen patients had a direct LG of 2 or 3 (no patient had a grade of 4). Out of these 17 patients, the LG systematically improved with the VIU and always attained grade 1 (P<0.0001). The intubation time was shorter within the VIU group, but did not attain significance. There was no difference in the SpO2 post‐intubation.Conclusion: In MO patients, the use of the VIU significantly improves the visualisation of the larynx, thereby improving the intubation conditions.
Sex differences in cerebral injury after severe haemorrhage and ventricular fibrillation in pigs
Authors: SEMENAS E. , NOZARI A. , SHARMA H. S. , BASU S. , RUBERTSSON S. , WIKLUND L. 
Published: September 2009

Background: Experimental studies of haemorrhagic shock have documented a superior haemodynamic response and a better outcome in female animals as compared with male controls. Such sexual dimorphism has, nevertheless, not been reported after circulatory arrest that follows exsanguination and shock. We aimed to study differences in cerebral injury markers after exsanguination cardiac arrest in pre‐pubertal piglets. The hypothesis was that cerebral injury is less extensive in female animals, and that this difference is independent of sexual hormones or choice of resuscitative fluid.Methods: Thirty‐two sexually immature piglets (14 males and 18 females) were subjected to 5 min of haemorrhagic shock followed by 2 min of ventricular fibrillation and 8 min of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, using three resuscitation fluid regimens (whole blood, hypertonic saline and dextran, or acetated Ringers' solution plus whole blood and methylene blue). Haemodynamic values, cellular markers of brain injury and brain histology were studied.Results: After successful resuscitation, female piglets had significantly greater cerebral cortical blood flow, tended to have lower S‐100β values and a lower cerebral oxygen extraction ratio. Besides, in female animals, systemic and cerebral venous acidosis were mitigated. Female piglets exhibited a significantly smaller increase in neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in their cerebral cortex, smaller blood–brain‐barrier (BBB) disruption and significantly smaller neuronal injury.Conclusion: After resuscitation from haemorrhagic circulatory arrest, cerebral reperfusion is greater, and BBB permeability and neuronal injury is smaller in female piglets. An increased cerebral cortical iNOS and nNOS expression in males implies a mechanistic relationship with post‐resuscitation neuronal injury and warrants further investigation.