bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Marker-based Augmented Reality to Enhance Simplified Representation Learning in Mechanical Drawing : A Practical Studies in The Mechanical Engineering Curriculum
Authors: Wardhani Rivai 
Published: June 2024

This study aims to develop AR technology of simplified representations based on ISO standards and to quantify the efficiency and contribution of developed AR technology in assisting students in learning mechanical drawing. This research proposed a marker-based AR application development, intended for teaching simplified representations, named Augmented Reality Penyederhanaan Gambar - ARPeGa, and an experimental study to quantify the user experience (UX) using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). A pilot study involving 38 mechanical engineering students was conducted to evaluate the impact of AR involvement on user experience. In addition, the UEQ data analysis tool version 11 was used. The UEQ results showed attractiveness was excellent (1.87), while efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty were good (1.63, 1.60, 1.63, and 1.22 respectively). And perspicuity was categorized as “above average” (1.51). This study’s outcomes demonstrate that using 3D model visualization in the AR application strengthens user experiences to understand simplified representations. Overall, the application has a ‘good’ level in some categories: efficiency, dependability, stimulation, and novelty.
Exploring Dickens’ Stylistics : Pedagogical Strategies for Enhancing Literature Teaching and Learning
Authors: Fahri Fahri , Zuhri Fauris , Subandiyah Heny , Abida Fithriyah Inda Nur , Sumarniningsih Sumarniningsih 
Published: June 2024

This study explores the impact of incorporating the stylistic method and diverse pedagogical approaches on students' understanding and appreciation of literary works, specifically focusing on the works of Charles Dickens. This research used a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative methods such as observation, surveys, and text analysis with quantitative methods involving statistical analysis. The quasi-experimental design selected undergraduate students purposively based on their literary background, with Charles Dickens' notable works serving as key resources. Pre and post-tests are administered to experimental and control groups to measure the impact of language style instruction. Results indicate that the experimental group, exposed to language style teaching, outperforms the control group in post-teaching comprehension tests. Studies show that teaching students about language styles helps them unlock the meaning of literature. Questionnaire data demonstrate high student satisfaction, increased confidence, improved critical thinking, and enhanced analytical abilities. The adaptability of Dickens's novels to various learning styles contributes to a more inclusive learning environment.
Attenuated mutants of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium mediate melanoma regression via an immune response
Authors: Pérez Jorge Genesy , Gontijo Marco , Silva Marina Flóro e , Goes Isabella Carolina Rodrigues Dos Santos , Jaimes-Florez Yessica Paola , Coser Lilian de Oliveira , Rocha Francisca Janaína Soares , Giorgio Selma , Brocchi Marcelo 
Published: June 2024

The lack of effective treatment options for an increasing number of cancer cases highlights the need for new anticancer therapeutic strategies. Immunotherapy mediated by Salmonella enterica Typhimurium is a promising anticancer treatment. Candidate strains for anticancer therapy must be attenuated while retaining their antitumor activity. Here, we investigated the attenuation and antitumor efficacy of two S. enterica Typhimurium mutants, ΔtolRA and ΔihfABpmi, in a murine melanoma model. Results showed high attenuation of ΔtolRA in the Galleria mellonella model, and invasion and survival in tumor cells. However, it showed weak antitumor effects in vitro and in vivo. Contrastingly, lower attenuation of the attenuated ΔihfABpmi strain resulted in regression of tumor mass in all mice, approximately 6 days after the first treatment. The therapeutic response induced by ΔihfABpmi was accompanied with macrophage accumulation of antitumor phenotype (M1) and significant increase in the mRNAs of proinflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS) and an apoptosis inducer (Bax). Our findings indicate that the attenuated ΔihfABpmi exerts its antitumor activity by inducing macrophage infiltration or reprogramming the immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment to an activated state, suggesting that attenuated S. enterica Typhimurium strains based on nucleoid-associated protein genes deletion could be immunotherapeutic against cancer.
Cortico-cancellous osseointegration into additively manufactured titanium implants using a load-bearing femoral ovine model
Authors: Feldman Adam , Assad Michel , Davies Mark B. , Mangwani Jitendra , Alabort Enrique , Tuncer Mac 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Titanium-based implants can be used to fill voids in bone reconstruction surgery. Through additive manufacturing (AM), it is possible to produce titanium implants with osteoconductive properties such as high porosity and low stiffness. AM facilitates a level of design flexibility and personalization that is not feasible with traditional techniques.Methods: In this study, osseointegration into titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) lattices was investigated for 12 weeks post-implantation using a novel bicortical load-bearing ovine model. The objective was to assess the safety and efficacy of AM-fabricated implants using two lattice structures of contrasting stiffness spanning the full width of the femoral condyle.Results: This was achieved by evaluating implant osseointegration and bone–implant contact properties by histomorphometry, scoring local implant tissue responses via histopathology, and micro-computed tomography reconstruction.Discussion: We found that Ti-6Al-4V implants facilitated widespread and extensive osseointegration, with bone maturation ongoing at the conclusion of the trial period. Following the implantation period, no adverse clinical indications that could be directly ascribed to the presence of the implanted device were identified, as determined by macroscopic and microscopic observation.
Reducing neuroendocrine psychosocial stress response through socio-emotional dyadic but not mindfulness online training
Authors: Matthaeus Hannah , Heim Christine , Voelkle Manuel C. , Singer Tania 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionStress-related diseases pose significant health risks and show wide prevalence. Empirical evidence suggests that contemplative practices, such as socio-emotional dyadic mental exercises, hold promise in mitigating the adverse effects of stress and promoting psychosocial well-being. This study aimed to investigate the differential effects of two online contemplative mental training programs on the psychosocial stress response: the first involved classic mindfulness practices, while the second incorporated a socio-emotional dyadic approach known as Affect Dyad.MethodsThe study was conducted as part of the longitudinal CovSocial project’s phase 2 in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. 140 individuals participated in the Trier Social Stress Task (TSST), where the psychosocial stress response was assessed with cortisol saliva samples and subjective stress questionnaires in a cross-sectional design after the active training groups finished their intervention period. Participants were randomly assigned to the socio-emotional training group, mindfulness-based training group, or a control group that did not receive any training. Both training programs consisted of a ten-week intervention period with a daily 12-minute app-based mental training practice and weekly 2-hour online coaching sessions led by mental training teachers.ResultsResults showed that the socio-emotional Dyad group but not the mindfulness-based group exhibited significantly lower cortisol levels at 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes after the stressor as well as lower total cortisol output compared to the control group during the TSST, indicating a reduced hormonal stress response to a social stressor. Subjective markers did not show differences between the three groups.DiscussionThese findings indicate that the daily socio-emotional dyadic practice, which emphasizes non-judgmental and empathic listening as well as the acceptance of challenging emotions in the presence of others within one's daily life context, may serve as a protective factor against the adverse effects of psychosocial stress triggered by the fear of negative social judgments. Given the high prevalence of stress-related diseases, such online mental training programs based on dyadic practices may thus represent an efficient and scalable approach for stress reduction.
The interference of anti-TSH autoantibody on clinical TSH detection
Authors: Tang Mulin , Meng Xue , Ni Jiajia , Liu Xue , Wang Xinhui , Li Yuchen , Chai Yuwei , Kou Chunjia , Zhang Li , Zhang Haiqing 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveIt is well known that macro-thyroid-stimulating hormone (macro-TSH) could interfere with the detection of TSH. The anti-TSH autoantibody is an essential component of macro-TSH. However, the epidemiological characteristics and the clinical interference of the anti-TSH autoantibody are unclear.MethodsIn this study, the radioimmunoprecipitation technique was used to detect the anti-TSH autoantibody. Platforms with different detection mechanisms were applied to measure the TSH in patients with the anti-TSH autoantibody. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation was used to determine the immunoassay interference.ResultsThe prevalence of the anti-TSH autoantibody in patients with mild subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and autoimmune thyroiditis, but normal thyroid function, was 4.78%. All 10 patients with anti-TSH antibodies had autoimmune diseases, with five of them having significant clinical test interference.ConclusionThe appearance of the anti-TSH antibody is not associated with thyroid autoantibodies. The presence of the anti-TSH autoantibody can interfere with the detection of TSH and can affect clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Projecting the response of carbon sink potential to land use/land cover change in ecologically fragile regions
Authors: Wang Ye , Liu Jie , Zhang Lirong , Xue Zhongcai , Yang Yue 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: The carbon storage service of ecosystems in ecologically fragile areas is highly sensitive to regional land use/land cover (LULC) changes. Predicting changes in regional carbon storage under different LULC scenarios is crucial for land use management decisions and exploring carbon sink potential. This study focuses on the Luan River Basin, a typical ecologically fragile area, to analyze the impact of LULC changes on carbon storage.Methods: The PLUS-InVEST model was employed to simulate LULC patterns for the year 2030 under three scenarios: natural development, cropland protection and urban development, and ecological protection. The model projected the future carbon sink potential of the basin under these scenarios.Results: From 2000 to 2020, carbon storage showed a trend of decrease followed by an increase. By 2030, compared to 2020, carbon storage is projected to increase by 16.97% under the ecological protection scenario and decrease by 22.14% under the cropland protection and urban development scenario. The increase in carbon storage was primarily due to the conversion of cropland and grassland to forestland, while the decrease was mainly associated with the conversion of forestland to grassland and cropland, and the transformation of grassland to cropland and construction land. In the potential LULC scenarios of 2030, certain regions within the basin exhibited unstable carbon sink potential, strongly influenced by LULC changes. These areas were predominantly characterized by artificially cultivated forests, shrubs, and agricultural land. Implementing appropriate forest management measures and optimizing agricultural land management practices are essential to enhance carbon sink potential in these regions. Population density, annual average temperature, and DEM (Digital Elevation Model) were the dominant factors driving the spatial variation of carbon sink potential in the Luan River Basin.Discussion: The research results provide a theoretical basis for rational planning of land use and the enhancement of carbon sink potential in ecologically fragile regions.
The effect of exercise and disease status on mobilization of anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic immune cells in women with breast cancer
Authors: Koivula Tiia , Lempiäinen Salla , Neuvonen Joona , Norha Jooa , Hollmén Maija , Sundberg Carl Johan , Rundqvist Helene , Minn Heikki , Rinne Petteri , Heinonen Ilkka 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundMobilization of certain immune cells may improve the ability of the immune system to combat tumor cells, but the effect of acute exercise on mobilizing immune cells has been sparsely investigated in cancer patients. Therefore, we examined how acute exercise influences circulating immune cells in breast cancer patients.MethodsNineteen newly diagnosed breast cancer patients aged 36–68 performed 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise with a cycle ergometer. Blood samples were collected at various time points: at rest, at 15 (E15) and 30 minutes (E30) after onset of the exercise, and at 30 and 60 minutes post-exercise. We analyzed several immune cell subsets using flow cytometry.ResultsAcute exercise increased the number of total leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, basophils, total T-cells, CD4+ T-cells, T helper (Th) 2-cells, Th 17-cells, CD8+ T-cells, CD4-CD8- T-cells, CD56+ natural killer (NK) cells, and CD14-CD16+ monocytes. Many of the changes were transient. Proportions of NK-cells and CD8+ T-cells increased, while the proportion of myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) reduced, and proportion of regulatory T-cells remained unchanged by exercise. Several associations were detected between cell mobilizations and disease state. For instance, tumor size correlated negatively with NK cell mobilization at E15, and progesterone receptor positivity correlated negatively with CD8+ T-cell mobilization.ConclusionThe findings show that the proportions of CD8+ T-cells and NK cells increased and the proportion of MDSCs proportion decreased in breast cancer patients after 30-minute exercise, suggesting a change in the profile of circulating immune cells towards more cytotoxic/anti-tumorigenic. The mobilization of some immune cells also appears to be related to the disease state.
Impaired arginine/ornithine metabolism drives severe HFMD by promoting cytokine storm
Authors: Zhang Yaozhong , Yang Qingqing , Peng Qi , Tian Zhihua , Lv Fen , Zeng Xiaomei , Jiang Zaixue , Cheng Qingqiu , Yang Lijun , Zhong Baimao , Lu Xiaomei , Zhu Yinghua 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD), caused by enterovirus 71 infection, is a global public health emergency. Severe HFMD poses a significant threat to the life and well-being of children. Numerous studies have indicated that the occurrence of severe HFMD is associated with cytokine storm. However, the precise molecular mechanism underlying cytokine storm development remains elusive, and there are currently no safe and effective treatments available for severe HFMD in children.MethodsIn this study, we established a mouse model of severe HFMD to investigate the molecular mechanisms driving cytokine storm. We specifically analyzed metabolic disturbances, focusing on arginine/ornithine metabolism, and assessed the potential therapeutic effects of spermine, an ornithine metabolite.ResultsOur results identified disturbances in arginine/ornithine metabolism as a pivotal factor driving cytokine storm onset in severe HFMD cases. Additionally, we discovered that spermine effectively mitigated the inflammatory injury phenotype observed in mice with severe HFMD.DiscussionIn conclusion, our findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying severe HFMD from a metabolic perspective while offering a promising new strategy for its safe and effective treatment.
Optimal dosage ranges of various exercise types for enhancing timed up and go performance in Parkinson’s disease patients: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Wang JunYu , Wang GuoTuan , Wang Tao , Zhang HaoYang , Fu XueYing , Wu LiHua , Chen XiaoTian , Xia Rui , Zhang Lin , Lin Shu-Cheng , Yang Yong 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo examine the dose–response relationship between specific types of exercise for alleviating Timed up and Go (TUG) in Parkinson’s disease PD.DesignSystematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.Data sourcesPubMed, Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception until February 5th, 2024.Study analysisData analysis was conducted using R software with the MBNMA package. Effect sizes of outcome indicators were expressed as mean deviation (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CrI). The risk of bias in the network was evaluated independently by two reviewers using ROB2.ResultsA total of 73 studies involving 3,354 PD patients. The text discusses dose–response relationships in improving TUG performance among PD patients across various exercise types. Notably, Aquatic (AQE), Mix Exercise (Mul_C), Sensory Exercise (SE), and Resistance Training (RT) demonstrate effective dose ranges, with AQE optimal at 1500 METs-min/week (MD: −8.359, 95% CI: −1.398 to −2.648), Mul_C at 1000 METs-min/week (MD: −4.551, 95% CI: −8.083 to −0.946), SE at 1200 METs-min/week (MD: −5.145, 95% CI: −9.643 to −0.472), and RT at 610 METs-min/week (MD: −2.187, 95% CI: −3.161 to −1.278), respectively. However, no effective doses are found for Aerobic Exercise (AE), Balance Gait Training (BGT), Dance, and Treadmill Training (TT). Mind–body exercise (MBE) shows promise with an effective range of 130 to 750 METs-min/week and an optimal dose of 750 METs-min/week (MD: −2.822, 95% CI: −4.604 to −0.996). According to the GRADE system, the included studies’ overall quality of the evidence was identified moderate level.ConclusionThis study identifies specific exercise modalities and dosages that significantly enhance TUG performance in PD patients. AQE emerges as the most effective modality, with an optimal dosage of 1,500 METs-min/week. MBE shows significant benefits at lower dosages, catering to patients with varying exercise capacities. RT exhibits a nuanced “U-shaped” dose–response relationship, suggesting an optimal range balancing efficacy and the risk of overtraining. These findings advocate for tailored exercise programs in PD management, emphasizing personalized prescriptions to maximize outcomes.Systematic Review Registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42024506968).
Comparison of immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy alone in conversion therapy for locally advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xu Zhiyun , You Zhenbing , Chen Mengzhou , Zhang Mingzhi , Shen Cheng , Xu Dafu , Xu Keping , Tian Wenze 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe clinical value of preoperative immunochemotherapy and simple chemotherapy induction regimen in the conversion therapy of locally advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is still unclear.MethodRetrospective analysis was conducted on patients with unresectable cT4b stage ESCC who underwent conversion surgery in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022. According to the preoperative induction treatment plan, they were divided into induction immunochemotherapy group (iICT group) and induction chemotherapy group (iCT group). The conversion surgery rate, R0 resection rate, radiological and pathological tumor responses, safety, and short-term survival outcomes were analyzed.ResultsThe results showed that a total of 199 patients with cT4b locally advanced unresectable ESCC who underwent preoperative induction therapy were included in this study. Among them, there were 64 cases (32.2%) in the iICT group, 135 cases (67.8%) in the iCT group. There was a statistically significant difference in objective response rate (73.5% vs 48.9%) and conversion surgery rate (81.3% vs 66.7%), between the iICT and iCT groups (P=0.001 and P=0.019). Among the two groups of patients who underwent surgery, there were statistically significant differences in R0 resection rate (94.2% vs 82.2%) and pathological complete remission rate (23.1% vs 6.7%) between the iICT and iCT groups (P=0.043 and P=0.004). And there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of grade 3 and above between two groups (P=0.928). The 2-year EFS of the iICT group and iCT group were 76.4% and 42.4%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P=0.006).ConclusionsCompared with simple chemotherapy, the combination of PD-1 inhibitors and chemotherapy can achieve better conversion surgery rate, tumor response and event-free survival in the conversion therapy of locally advanced unresectable ESCC.
Quantum magnetism in Fe2Cu2 polymeric branched chains: insights from exactly solved Ising-Heisenberg model
Authors: Sivý Dávid , Karl’ová Katarína , Strečka Jozef 
Published: June 2024

The spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg branched chain, inspired by the magnetic structure of three isostructural polymeric coordination compounds [(Tp)2Fe2(CN)6X (bdmap)Cu2(H2O)] ⋅ H2O to be further denoted as Fe2Cu2 (Tp = tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborate, bdmapH = 1,3-bis(dimethylamino)-2-propanol, HX = acetic acid, propionic acid or trifluoroacetic acid), is rigorously studied using the transfer-matrix method. The overall ground-state phase diagram reveals three distinct phases: a quantum antiferromagnetic phase, a quantum ferrimagnetic phase and a classical ferromagnetic phase. In the zero-temperature magnetization curve, two quantum ground states are manifested as intermediate plateaus at zero and half of the saturation magnetization, while the magnetization reaches its saturated value within the classical ferromagnetic phase. The bipartite entanglement between nearest-neighbor Heisenberg spins is more pronounced in the quantum ferrimagnetic phase compared to the quantum antiferromagnetic phase due to a fully polarized nature of the Ising spins. A reasonable agreement between theoretical predictions for the spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg branched chain and experimental data measured for a temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility and a low-temperature magnetization curve suggests strong antiferromagnetic coupling between nearest-neighbor Cu2+-Cu2+ magnetic ions and moderately strong ferromagnetic coupling between nearest-neighbor Cu2+-Fe3+ magnetic ions in the polymeric compounds Fe2Cu2. A thermal entanglement between nearest-neighbor Cu2+-Cu2+ magnetic ions persists up to a relatively high threshold temperature T ≈ 224 K and undergoes a transient magnetic-field-driven strengthening.