bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Pulmonary Emboli in a Collegiate Gymnast: A Case Report
Authors: Kahanov Leamor , Daly Tarah 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Objective:
To characterize the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism in collegiate student-athletes and to raise awareness among sports medicine providers of the possibility of this potentially fatal disease in the student-athlete population.

Background:
An 18-year-old, previously healthy National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I female gymnast complained of intense pain, bilaterally, deep in her chest. The athlete was referred to her team physician, who identified normal vital signs but referred her to the emergency room because of significant pain. The student-athlete was diagnosed with bilateral pulmonary emboli in the emergency room.

Differential Diagnosis:
Pneumonia, renal calculi, upper urinary tract infection, intercostal muscle strain or rib fracture, pancreatitis, gall bladder disease, gastritis, ulceration, esophagitis, infection, tumor, pulmonary embolism.

Treatment:
The student-athlete was immediately placed on anticoagulants for 6 months. During that time, she was unable to participate in gymnastics and was limited to light conditioning.

Uniqueness:
Documented cases of female student-athletes developing a pulmonary embolism are lacking in the literature. Two cases of pulmonary embolism in male high school student-athletes have been documented, in addition to many cases in elderly and sedentary populations.

Conclusions:
All health care providers, including sports medicine professionals, should be aware that this condition may be present among student-athletes. During the initial evaluation, prescreening should include questions about any previous or family history of pulmonary embolism or other blood clots. Athletes who answer positively to these questions may have a higher likelihood of pulmonary embolism and should be referred for testing.
Formal Fibers of Unique Factorization Domains
Authors: Boocher Adam , Daub Michael , Johnson Ryan K. , Lindo H. , Loepp S. , Woodard Paul A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLet (T,M) be a complete local (Noetherian) ring such that dimT ≥ 2 and |T| = |T/M| and let ﹛pi﹜i∈𝒥 be a collection of elements of T indexed by a set I so that |𝒥| < |T|. For each i ∈ 𝒥, let Ci := ﹛Qi1, … ,Qini ﹜ be a set of nonmaximal prime ideals containing pi such that the Qi j are incomparable and pi ∈ Qjk if and only if i = j. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions so that T is the m -adic completion of a local unique factorization domain (A,m ), and for each i ∈ I, there exists a unit ti of T so that pi ti ∈ A andCi is the set of prime ideals Q of T that are maximal with respect to the condition that Q ∩ A = pi tiA.We then use this result to construct a (nonexcellent) unique factorization domain containingmany ideals for which tight closure and completion do not commute. As another application, we construct a unique factorization domain A most of whose formal fibers are geometrically regular.
Some Rigidity Results Related to Monge–Ampèere Functions
Authors: Jerrard Robert L. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe space of Monge–Ampère functions, introduced by J. H. G. Fu, is a space of rather rough functions in which the mapu⟼ DetD2uis well defined and weakly continuous with respect to a natural notion of weak convergence. We prove a rigidity theorem for Lagrangian integral currents that allows us to extend the original definition of Monge–Ampère functions. We also prove that if a Monge–Ampère functionuon a bounded set Ω ⊂ ℝ2satisfies the equation DetD2u= 0 in a particular weak sense, then the graph ofuis a developable surface, and moreoveruenjoys somewhat better regularity properties than an arbitrary Monge–Ampère function of 2 variables.
On the Distribution of Pseudopowers
Authors: Konyagin Sergei V. , Pomerance Carl , Shparlinski Igor E. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAn x-pseudopower to base g is a positive integer that is not a power of g, yet is so modulo p for all primes p ≤ x. We improve an upper bound for the least such number, due to E. Bach, R. Lukes, J. Shallit, and H. C. Williams. The method is based on a combination of some bounds of exponential sums with new results about the average behaviour of the multiplicative order of g modulo prime numbers.
Characterisation Results for Steiner Triple Systems and Their Application to Edge-Colourings of Cubic Graphs
Authors: Král’ Daniel , Máčajov´ Edita , Pór Attila , Sereni Jean-Sébastien 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIt is known that a Steiner triple system is projective if and only if it does not contain the four-triple configurationC14. We find three configurations such that a Steiner triple system is affine if and only if it does not contain one of these configurations. Similarly, we characterise Hall triple systems using two forbidden configurations.Our characterisations have several interesting corollaries in the area of edge-colourings of graphs. A cubic graphGisS-edge-colourable for a Steiner triple systemSif its edges can be coloured with points ofSin such a way that the points assigned to three edges sharing a vertex form a triple inS. Among others, we show that all cubic graphs areS-edge-colourable for every non-projective nonaffine point-transitive Steiner triple systemS.
Verma Modules over Quantum Torus Lie Algebras
Authors: Lü Rencai , Zhao Kaiming 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRepresentations of various one-dimensional central extensions of quantum tori (called quantum torus Lie algebras) were studied by several authors. Now we define a central extension of quantum tori so that all known representations can be regarded as representations of the new quantum torus Lie algebras . The center of now is generally infinite dimensional.In this paper, Z-graded Verma modules over and their corresponding irreducible highest weight modules are defined for some linear functions . Necessary and sufficient conditions for to have all finite dimensional weight spaces are given. Also necessary and sufficient conditions for Verma modules e to be irreducible are obtained.
On p-Adic Properties of Central L-Values of Quadratic Twists of an Elliptic Curve
Authors: Prasanna Kartik 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe study p-indivisibility of the central values L(1, Ed) of quadratic twists Ed of a semi-stable elliptic curve E of conductor N. A consideration of the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer shows that the set of quadratic discriminants d splits naturally into several families ℱS, indexed by subsets S of the primes dividing N. Let δS = gcdd∈ℱSL(1, Ed)alg, where L(1, Ed)alg denotes the algebraic part of the central L-value, L(1, Ed). Our main theorem relates the p-adic valuations of δS as S varies. As a consequence we present an application to a refined version of a question of Kolyvagin. Finally we explain an intriguing (albeit speculative) relation betweenWaldspurger packets on and congruences of modular forms of integral and half-integral weight. In this context, we formulate a conjecture on congruences of half-integral weight forms and explain its relevance to the problem of p-indivisibility of L-values of quadratic twists.
The Chowla–Selberg Formula and The Colmez Conjecture
Authors: Yang Tonghai 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we reinterpret the Colmez conjecture on the Faltings height of CM abelian varieties in terms of Hilbert (and Siegel) modular forms. We construct an elliptic modular form involving the Faltings height of a CM abelian surface and arithmetic intersection numbers, and prove that the Colmez conjecture for CM abelian surfaces is equivalent to the cuspidality of this modular form.
A Combinatorial Reciprocity Theorem for Hyperplane Arrangements
Authors: Athanasiadis Christos A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGiven a nonnegative integer m and a finite collection of linear forms on ℚd, the arrangement of affine hyperplanes in ℚd defined by the equations α(x) = k for α ∈ and integers k ∈ [–m,m] is denoted by . It is proved that the coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of are quasi-polynomials in m and that they satisfy a simple combinatorial reciprocity law.
Restriction of the Tangent Bundle of G/P to a Hypersurface
Authors: Biswas Indranil 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLet P be a maximal proper parabolic subgroup of a connected simple linear algebraic group G, defined over ℂ, such that n := dimℂG/P ≥ 4. Let ι : Z ↪ G/P be a reduced smooth hypersurface of degree at least (n – 1) · degree(T(G/P))/n. We prove that the restriction of the tangent bundle ι*TG/P is semistable.
Approximation and Interpolation by Entire Functions of Several Variables
Authors: Burke Maxim R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLet f : ℝn → ℝ be C∞ and let h: ℝn → ℝ be positive and continuous. For any unbounded nondecreasing sequence ﹛ck﹜ of nonnegative real numbers and for any sequence without accumulation points ﹛xm﹜ in ℝn, there exists an entire function g : ℂn → ℂ taking real values on ℝn such thatThis is a version for functions of several variables of the case n = 1 due to L. Hoischen.
C*-Crossed-Products by an Order-Two Automorphism
Authors: Choi Man-Duen , Latrémolière Frédéric 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe describe the representation theory of C*-crossed-products of a unital C*-algebra A by the cyclic group of order 2. We prove that there are two main types of irreducible representations for the crossed-product: those whose restriction to A is irreducible and those who are the sum of two unitarily unequivalent representations of A. We characterize each class in term of the restriction of the representations to the fixed point C*-subalgebra of A. We apply our results to compute the K-theory of several crossed-products of the free group on two generators.
On the Relationship between Interpolation of Banach Algebras and Interpolation of Bilinear Operators
Authors: Cobos Fernando , Fernández-Cabrera Luz M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe show that if the general real method (· , ·)Γ preserves the Banach-algebra structure, then a bilinear interpolation theorem holds for (· , ·)Γ.
Weighted Norm Inequalities for a Maximal Operator in Some Subspace of Amalgams
Authors: Feuto Justin , Fofana Ibrahim , Koua Konin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe give weighted norm inequalities for the maximal fractional operator ℳq,βof Hardy– Littlewood and the fractional integralIγ. These inequalities are established between (Lq,Lp)α(X,d, μ) spaces (which are superspaces of Lebesgue spacesLα(X,d, μ) and subspaces of amalgams (Lq,Lp)(X,d, μ)) and in the setting of space of homogeneous type (X,d, μ). The conditions on the weights are stated in terms of Orlicz norm.
Constructing (Almost) Rigid Rings and a UFD Having Infinitely Generated Derksen and Makar-Limanov Invariants
Authors: Finston David , Maubach Stefan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAn example is given of a UFD which has an infinitely generated Derksen invariant. The ring is “almost rigid” meaning that the Derksen invariant is equal to the Makar-Limanov invariant. Techniques to show that a ring is (almost) rigid are discussed, among which is a generalization of Mason's ABC-theorem.
Cantor–Bernstein Sextuples for Banach Spaces
Authors: Galego Elói M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLet X and Y be Banach spaces isomorphic to complemented subspaces of each other with supplements A and B. In 1996, W. T. Gowers solved the Schroeder–Bernstein (or Cantor–Bernstein) problem for Banach spaces by showing that X is not necessarily isomorphic to Y. In this paper, we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition on the sextuples (p, q, r, s, u, v) in ℕ with p + q ≥ 1, r + s ≥ 1 and u, v ∈ ℕ*, to provide that X is isomorphic to Y, whenever these spaces satisfy the following decomposition schemeNamely, Φ = (p–u)(s–v)–(q + u)(r + v) is different from zero and Φ divides p + q and r + s. These sextuples are called Cantor–Bernstein sextuples for Banach spaces. The simplest case (1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1) indicates the well-known Pełczyński's decomposition method in Banach space. On the other hand, by interchanging some Banach spaces in the above decomposition scheme, refinements of the Schroeder– Bernstein problem become evident.
The Global Attractor of a Damped, Forced Hirota Equation inH1
Authors: Guo Boling , Huo Zhaohui 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe existence of the global attractor of a damped forced Hirota equation in the phase spaceH1(ℝ) is proved. The main idea is to establish the so-called asymptotic compactness property of the solution operator by energy equation approach.
Spacings Between Integers Having Typically Many Prime Factors
Authors: Khan Rizwanur 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe show that the sequence of integers which have nearly the typical number of distinct prime factors forms a Poisson process. More precisely, forδarbitrarily small and positive, the nearest neighbor spacings between integersnwith |ω(n)–loglogn| < (loglogn)δobey the Poisson distribution law.
A Theorem on Unit-Regular Rings
Authors: Lee Tsiu-Kwen , Zhou Yiqiang 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLet R be a unit-regular ring and let σ be an endomorphism of R such that σ(e) = e for all e2 = e ∈ R and let n ≥ 0. It is proved that every element of R[x ; σ]/(xn+1) is equivalent to an element of the form e0 + e1x + · · · + enxn, where the ei are orthogonal idempotents of R. As an application, it is proved that R[x ; σ]/(xn+1) is left morphic for each n ≥ 0.
The Uncomplemented SpacesW(X,Y) andK(X,Y)
Authors: Lewis Paul 
Published: December 2009

AbstractClassical results of Kalton and techniques of Feder are used to study the complementation of the spaceW(X,Y) of weakly compact operators and the spaceK(X,Y) of compact operators in the spaceL(X,Y) of all bounded linear maps fromXtoY.
A Further Decay Estimate for the Dziubański–Hernández Wavelets
Authors: Moritoh Shinya , Tomoeda Kyoko 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe give a further decay estimate for the Dziubański–Hernández wavelets that are band-limited and have subexponential decay. This is done by constructing an appropriate bell function and using the Paley–Wiener theorem for ultradifferentiable functions.
Pisot Numbers from {0, 1}-Polynomials
Authors: Mukunda Keshav 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA Pisot number is a real algebraic integer greater than 1, all of whose conjugates lie strictly inside the open unit disk; a Salem number is a real algebraic integer greater than 1, all of whose conjugate roots are inside the closed unit disk, with at least one of them of modulus exactly 1. Pisot numbers have been studied extensively, and an algorithm to generate them is well known. Our main result characterises all Pisot numbers whose minimal polynomial is derived from a Newman polynomial — one with {0, 1}-coefficients — and shows that they form a strictly increasing sequence with limit (1 + √5)/2. It has long been known that every Pisot number is a limit point, from both sides, of sequences of Salem numbers. We show that this remains true, from at least one side, for the restricted sets of Pisot and Salem numbers that are generated by Newman polynomials.
Several Hardy Type Inequalities with Weights Related to Generalized Greiner Operator
Authors: Niu Pengcheng , Ou Yafei , Han Junqiang 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we establish several weightedLp(1 <p< ∞) Hardy type inequalities related to the generalized Greiner operator by improving the method of Kombe. Then the best constants in inequalities are discussed by introducing new polar coordinates.
Impact of Proposed Institute of Medicine Duty Hours: Family Medicine Residency Directors' Perspective
Authors: Carek Peter J. , Gravel Joseph W. , Kozakowski Stanley , Pugno Perry A. , Fetter Gerald , Palmer Elissa J. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Purpose
To examine the opinions of family medicine residency program directors concerning the potential impact of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) resident duty hour recommendations on patient care and resident education.

Methods
A survey was mailed to 455 family medicine residency program directors. Data were summarized and analyzed using Epi Info statistical software. Significance was set at the P &lt; .01 level.

Results
A total of 265 surveys were completed (60.9% response rate). A majority of family medicine residency program directors disagreed or strongly disagreed that the recent IOM duty hour recommendations will, in general, result in improved patient safety and resident education. Further, a majority of respondents disagreed or strongly disagreed that the proposed IOM rules would result in residents becoming more compassionate, more effective family physicians.

Conclusion
A majority of family medicine residency program directors believe that the proposed IOM duty hour recommendations would have a primarily detrimental effect on both patient care and resident education.
Work Hour Regulations: Do We Need Further Changes Now? A Survey of Internal Medicine Faculty and Residents
Authors: Sloan Susan , Krishnamurthy Mahesh , Lyon David T. , Mitri Ghada , Chyshkevych Iryna , Livert David 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
In 2003, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education standardized and regulated work hours for physicians in training in the United States. In December 2008, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommended further reductions in duty hours to ensure safer conditions for patients and residents and fellows. Significantly, the IOM committee acknowledged that there are barriers to implementing its recommendations.

Methods
In the wake of the IOM proposals, we chose to survey a reference closer to home: residency program directors, faculty, and residents. Our survey allowed them the opportunity to express their opinions regarding the IOM proposals.

Results
The majority of the faculty oppose the proposed IOM changes, arguing that there is no definite evidence to support the hypothesis that fewer work hours mean better outcomes in patient safety and education. First-year residents and residents who moonlight were more likely to experience stress and to support decreased work hours.

Conclusions
The thoughts and opinions of faculty and residents collected through this survey, in combination with evidence-based studies from trial implementation of these standards, will contribute real answers to the challenging questions on resident work hours.
Advancing Resident Assessment in Graduate Medical Education
Authors: Swing Susan R. , Clyman Stephen G. , Holmboe Eric S. , Williams Reed G. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
The Outcome Project requires high-quality assessment approaches to provide reliable and valid judgments of the attainment of competencies deemed important for physician practice.

Intervention
The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) convened the Advisory Committee on Educational Outcome Assessment in 2007–2008 to identify high-quality assessment methods. The assessments selected by this body would form a core set that could be used by all programs in a specialty to assess resident performance and enable initial steps toward establishing national specialty databases of program performance. The committee identified a small set of methods for provisional use and further evaluation. It also developed frameworks and processes to support the ongoing evaluation of methods and the longer-term enhancement of assessment in graduate medical education.

Outcome
The committee constructed a set of standards, a methodology for applying the standards, and grading rules for their review of assessment method quality. It developed a simple report card for displaying grades on each standard and an overall grade for each method reviewed. It also described an assessment system of factors that influence assessment quality. The committee proposed a coordinated, national-level infrastructure to support enhancements to assessment, including method development and assessor training. It recommended the establishment of a new assessment review group to continue its work of evaluating assessment methods. The committee delivered a report summarizing its activities and 5 related recommendations for implementation to the ACGME Board in September 2008.
Evaluating Professionalism and Interpersonal and Communication Skills: Implementing a 360-Degree Evaluation Instrument in an Anesthesiology Residency Program
Authors: Meng Li , Metro David G. , Patel Rita M. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Objectives
To implement a 360-degree resident evaluation instrument on the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) rotation and to determine the reliability, feasibility, and validity of this tool for assessing residents' professionalism and interpersonal and communication skills.

Methods
Thirteen areas of evaluation were selected to assess the professionalism and interpersonal and communication skills of residents during their PACU rotation. Each area was measured on a 9-point Likert scale (1, unsatisfactory performance, to 9, outstanding performance). Rating forms were distributed to raters after the completion of the PACU rotation. Raters included PACU nurses, secretarial staff, nurse aides, and medical technicians. Residents were aware of the 360-degree assessment and participated voluntarily. The multiple raters' evaluations were then compared with those of the traditional faculty. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated to measure the reliability of ratings within each category of raters by the Pearson correlation coefficient.

Results
Four hundred twenty-nine rating forms were returned during the study period. Fifteen residents were evaluated. The response rate was 88%. Residents were ranked highest on availability and lowest on management skill. The average rating across all areas was high (8.23). The average mean rating across all items from PACU nurses was higher (8.34) than from secretarial staff (7.99, P &gt; .08). The highest ranked resident ranked high with all raters and the lowest ranked was low with most raters. The intraclass coefficients of correlations were 0.8719, 0.7860, 0.8268, and 0.8575.

Conclusions
This type of resident assessment tool may be useful for PACU rotations. It appears to correlate with traditional faculty ratings, is feasible to use, and provides formative feedback to residents regarding their professionalism and interpersonal and communication skills.