bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Messengers from the Magma Chambers: Petrostratigraphic Analysis of Plagioclase-Rich Flood Basalt Lavas in Turkana, Kenya
Authors: Steiner R Alex , Rooney Tyrone O , Kappelman John , Lydic Todd , Girard Guillaume , Mariita Nicholas , Phillips Rayn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Continental large igneous provinces are among the largest magmatic events on Earth, characteristically manifesting at the surface as stacks of monotonous flood basalt lavas that form through a dynamic pattern of eruptive pulses separated by hiatuses. Such dynamic patterns may be difficult to detect from the composition of the lavas. Instead, lava crystal cargoes can be used to study how the eruption cycles inherent to continental large igneous provinces are moderated by episodic recharge and evacuation at multiple crustal levels. Here, we present a stratigraphically well-constrained series of 56 flood basalt flows from the Eocene Initial Phase of magmatic activity in East Africa. These flows and their crystal cargo permit temporal insight into the development of one of the youngest and best-preserved continental large igneous provinces. The stratiform mafic lavas exposed in northern Kenya consist of alternating aphyric and plagioclase-phyric lava packages consistent with periods of eruption punctuated by volcanic hiatus, where magmas stall and crystallize plagioclase at medium to shallow crustal levels. Plagioclase compositions (n = 541) exhibit little intra-crystal or intra-sample compositional diversity. Intra-crystal equilibrium calculations for Sr and Ti indicate internal chemical equilibrium, requiring storage at high temperatures over a prolonged time interval (10 000–100 000 years). Using a series of seven interlinked partial crystal fractionation models under equilibrium conditions, we replicate the observed stratigraphic patterns in plagioclase composition. We find that the balance between recharge, evacuation, and diffusive equilibration within a shallow magmatic system controls the composition of plagioclase in these flood basalts. We conclude that the shallow fractionation system modulates eruptive cycles and thus constitutes a critical component in studies of continental large igneous provinces.
The having objection to bundle theories of subjects of experience
Authors: O'Conaill Donnchadh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The self or subject of experiences is often regarded as a mysterious entity, prompting approaches that seek to deflate it, metaphysically speaking. One such approach is the bundle theory, the most well-known version of which holds that each subject is a bundle of experiences. This version of the bundle theory seems vulnerable to the having objection: since subjects have experiences, they cannot be identical with bundles of experiences. I shall argue that while the having objection is intuitively plausible, its dialectical force is limited since it does not work without substantial further metaphysical assumptions.
Impact of urban farming on health: a systematic review
Authors: Cano-Verdugo Guillermo , Flores-García Brianda Daniela , Núñez-Rocha Georgina Mayela , Ávila-Ortíz María Natividad , Nakagoshi-Cepeda María Argelia Akemi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Urban farms are spaces designated for the cultivation of plants for food security, medicinal and curative purposes. Since the turn of the century, they have become more widespread and health benefits have been claimed; however, no consensus exists regarding this information. Hence, this study aims to provide information about the health effects of urban farming.

Methods
Protocol register number CRD42023448001. We followed the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Studies addressing urban farming interventions in any population group were included without age limitation of publication from PubMed, DOAJ, CAB Abstracts and NIH. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions tool, and data were narratively synthesized.

Results
The search retrieved 2578 manuscripts, reduced to seven after screening. Urban farming’s impact on health has been reflected in the physical domain by increasing self-reported health levels, physical activity, perceived general health, healthy eating and decreasing drug use. Parasites’ presence has also been reported. In the mental aspect, urban farming is associated with relaxation and stress reduction. From a social perspective, urban farms provide a sense of belonging, personal growth and happiness.

Conclusions
The benefits of urban farming outweigh the disadvantages. Further research should be conducted to clarify the potential benefits of this practice.
Challenges and benefits of telepathology in education: lessons learned from COVID-19—a systematic review
Authors: Borazjani Fariba Moalem , Sarkhuni Mahsa Raeisi , Nahvijou Azin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 posed significant communication challenges, especially in the healthcare sector. Telepathology provides a valuable means for healthcare providers to communicate. This study investigated the key challenges and benefits of telepathology in education through a systematic review of relevant studies conducted during this period.

Methods
This systematic review was conducted in 2022. We utilized databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect. Our search was performed from 7 February 2022 to 13 February 2022. We selected articles based on inclusion criteria and used the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist to assess study strengths and limitations. We extracted data using a checklist and synthesized the results narratively.

Results
We initially identified 125 articles, and after screening, 15 were included in the study. These studies reported various challenges, including cost, technology, communication problems, educational difficulties, time wasting, legal issues and family distraction problems. Conversely, studies mentioned benefits, such as care improvement, better education, time efficiency, proper communication, cost and technology advancement.

Conclusions
The results of this study will help future efforts and investigations to implement and set up telepathology. Based on our review, despite the challenges, the benefits of telepathology in education are greater than these obstacles, indicating its potential for future use.
The Selah trial: A preference-based partially randomized waitlist control study of three stress management interventions
Authors: Proeschold-Bell Rae Jean , Eagle David E , Tice Logan C , Platt Alyssa , Yao Jia , Larkins Jessie S , Kim Eunsoo Timothy , Rash Joshua A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chronic stress undermines psychological and physiological health. We tested three remotely delivered stress management interventions among clergy, accounting for intervention preferences. United Methodist clergy in North Carolina enrolled in a partially randomized, preference-based waitlist control trial. The interventions were: mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), Daily Examen prayer practice, and Stress Proofing (stress inoculation plus breathing skills). Co-primary outcomes were symptoms of stress (Calgary Symptoms of Stress Inventory) and 48-hour ambulatory heart rate variability (HRV) at 12 weeks compared to waitlist control. Survey data were collected at 0, 12, and 24 weeks and 48-hour ambulatory HRV at 0 and 12 weeks. The 255 participants were 91% White and 48% female. Forty-nine participants (22%) without a preference were randomly assigned between the three interventions (n = 40) and waitlist control (n = 9). Two hundred six participants (78%) with a preference were randomly assigned to waitlist control (n = 62) or their preferred intervention (n = 144). Compared to waitlist control, MBSR [mean difference (MD) = −0.30, 95% CI: −0.41, −0.20; P &lt; .001] and Stress Proofing (MD = −0.27, 95% CI: −0.40, −0.14; P &lt; .001) participants had lower stress symptoms at 12 weeks; Daily Examen participants did not until 24 weeks (MD = −0.24, 95% CI: −0.41, −0.08). MBSR participants demonstrated improvement in HRV at 12 weeks (MD = +3.32 ms; 95% CI: 0.21, 6.44; P = .036). MBSR demonstrated robust improvement in self-reported and objective physical correlates of stress; Stress Proofing and Daily Examen resulted in improvements in self-reported correlates of stress. These brief practices were sustainable and beneficial for United Methodist clergy during the heightened stressors of the COVID pandemic. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04625777.
Apoptosis Pathway–Associated Proteins Are Frequently Expressed in Melanoma: A Study of 32 Cases With Focus on Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
Authors: Ledesma Debora A. , Marques-Piubelli Mario L. , Li-Ning-Tapia Elsa , Hudgens Courtney , Gu Jun , Lazcano Rossana , Casavilca-Zambrano Sandro , Castillo Miluska , Davies Michael A. , Hwu Wen-Jen , Aung Phyu P. , Giubellino Alessio , Curry Jonathan L. , Torres-Cabala Carlos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) is an aggressive type of cutaneous melanoma (CM) that arises on palms, soles, and nail units. ALM is rare in White population, but it is relatively more frequent in dark-skinned populations. There is an unmet need to develop new personalized and more effective treatments strategies for ALM. Increased expression of antiapoptotic proteins (ie, BCL2, MCL1) has been shown to contribute to tumorigenesis and therapeutic resistance in multiple tumor types and has been observed in a subset of ALM and mucosal melanoma cell lines in vivo and in vitro. However, little is known about their expression and clinical significance in patients with ALM. Thus, we assessed protein expression of BCL2, MCL1, BIM, and BRAF V600E by immunohistochemistry in 32 melanoma samples from White and Hispanic populations, including ALM and non-ALM (NALM). BCL2, MCL1, and BIM were expressed in both ALM and NALM tumors, and no significant differences in expression of any of these proteins were detected between the groups, in our relatively small cohort. There were no significant associations between protein expression and BRAF V600E status, overall survival, or ethnicity. In summary, ALM and NALM demonstrate frequent expressions of apoptosis-related proteins BCL2, MCL1, and BIM. Our findings suggest that patients with melanoma, including ALM, may be potential candidates for apoptosis-directed therapies.
Surgical repair of macular fold in X-linked retinoschisis initially misdiagnosed as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy
Authors: Alcibahy Yasmine , Ghazi Nicola G. , Khan Arif O. , Agarwal Aniruddha 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To describe the presentation and surgical management of a young boy initially thought to have familial exudative vitreoretinopathy who was ultimately diagnosed with an unusually aggressive form of X-linked retinoschisis that included rapidly progressive bullous retinoschisis and tractional macular fold.

Methods:
Retrospective case report

Results:
A 19-month-old boy with straightening of major arcades, peripheral retinal ischemia, and in the left eye, a large macular fold was initially diagnosed as familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. During follow-up, he developed a rapidly progressive bullous retinoschisis in the left eye involving the inferior macula extending superiorly up to the macular fold. This revised the working diagnosis to X-linked retinoschisis, which was confirmed by genetic testing. Pars plana vitrectomy, inner flap retinectomy, unrolling of the macular fold and inner flap retinectomy, and C3F8 gas tamponade were performed. This resolved the macular fold. The patient showed good anatomical results without surgical complications up to 18 months of post-operative follow-up.

Conclusions:
X-linked retinoschisis can rarely present in young children with macular fold and peripheral ischemia, mimicking familial exudative vitreoretinopathy. Rapidly progressive bullous retinoschisis in this setting can be treated with pars plana vitrectomy, inner wall retinectomy, and removal of the vitreous traction to improve visual prognosis.
Morphological Features Among Gaussian, Sagittal, and Tangential Curvature Maps in Normal and Keratoconus Eyes Using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Henriquez Maria A. , Sacoto José E. , Lopez Josselyne , Chauca Jose , Binder Perry S. , Izquierdo Luis 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To investigate and compare the morphological features and differences among Gaussian, Sagittal, and Tangential anterior corneal curvature maps obtained with an anterior segment optical coherence tomographer combined with a Placido disc MS-39 device in keratoconus (KC) and normal eyes.

Methods:
Prospective, cross-sectional study including 37 KC and 51 healthy eyes. The pattern of astigmatism and maximum keratometry (Kmax), keratometry at the thinnest point (Ktp) and 2 mm diameter (K2mm), and inferior–superior dioptric asymmetry values were obtained and calculated from Gaussian, Tangential, and Sagittal curvature maps using the MS-39 (CSO).

Results:
In KC eyes, an asymmetric bowtie pattern was observed in 64.86% (24/37), 64.86% (24/37), and 0% in the Sagittal, Tangential, and Gaussian maps, respectively. In normal eyes, 51.0% (26/51), 51.0% (26/51), and 0% showed a symmetric bowtie pattern in the Sagittal, Tangential, and Gaussian maps, respectively. There was a significant difference for the variables Kmax, Ktp, and K2mm inferior among the Gaussian, Tangential, and Sagittal maps in both normal and KC groups. Sensitivity discriminating between normal and KC eyes was 100%, 97.3%, and 90.9% and specificity was 94.1%, 100%, and 100% for Kmax coming from the Tangential, Gaussian, and Sagittal maps, respectively.

Conclusions:
Gaussian maps displayed significantly different morphological features when compared with Sagittal and Tangential maps in normal and KC eyes. Anterior curvature maps from Gaussian maps do not show the morphological pattern of symmetric bowtie in normal eyes nor asymmetric bowtie in KC eyes. Kmax from Gaussian maps are more specific, however less sensitive than Tangential maps in discriminating KC from normal eyes.
Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty in Patients With a Custom Foldable Silicone Artificial Iris: Safety and Efficacy Outcomes
Authors: Tran Tu M. , Bonnet Clemence , Chea Piseth Dalin , Masoudi Ali , Aldave Anthony J. , Hardten David R. , Miller Kevin M. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
To assess outcomes of Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK) in eyes with custom artificial iris (CAI) implantation.

Methods:
This is a retrospective, interventional, consecutive, surgical case series of patients who underwent DSEK after CAI implantation between 2010 and 2021 at 2 referral centers. Primary safety measures were loss of corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), development or progression of glaucoma, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Efficacy measures were graft survival at year 1 and improvement in cosmesis at postoperative month 3. In general, measures were compared between baseline and postoperative year 1 while any complication was reported for the full follow-up period.

Results:
Thirty-nine eyes of 39 patients were identified. 64.1% of eyes had acquired aniridia from trauma. The mean follow-up interval was 27.7 months (range 12.2–117.4). Median CDVA improved from logMAR 1.0 to 0.7 at year 1 (P = 0.0047). At the final follow-up, permanent loss of CDVA occurred in 25.6% of eyes, of which 90% was due to glaucoma. The most common postoperative complication was IOP elevation (66.7% of eyes). Graft survival at postoperative year 1 was 82.0% (95% confidence interval, 66.3–91.4). Secondary graft failure occurred in 28.2% of eyes at a mean duration of 39.7 months (SD 27.9 months) after DSEK. Cosmesis improved among 87.2% of eyes at postoperative month 3.

Conclusions:
DSEK is an effective procedure for addressing corneal edema in eyes with a CAI, but a majority develop elevated IOP and graft survival is shorter than in eyes without a CAI.
Herpesviral Keratitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination: Analysis of NHIS Database in Korea
Authors: Lee Tae Eun , Ahn Sung Hyun , Jeong Cho Yun , Kim Jong Seung , You In Cheon 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the risk of herpesviral keratitis associated with 4 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines approved in South Korea, using large-scale data from the National Health Insurance Service.

Methods:
The study included 8,528,254 individuals, with cohorts categorized based on COVID-19 vaccination status. Two investigations were conducted: The first aimed to assess the risk of new-onset herpesviral keratitis while the second study focused on the risk of relapse in individuals with a preexisting diagnosis. Propensity score matching was used for cohort balancing, and various covariates, including vaccine types and comorbidities, were considered. Statistical analyses, including Cox proportional hazard regression, were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and assess the risk of herpesviral keratitis.

Results:
Individuals receiving COVID-19 vaccination exhibited a higher risk of new-onset herpesviral keratitis compared with the unvaccinated control group (aHR 1.43, 95% confidence interval, 1.19–1.73). Both mRNA and non-mRNA vaccines demonstrated an increased risk. Individuals with preexisting herpetic keratitis who received COVID-19 vaccination showed a higher risk of relapse herpesviral keratitis compared with the unvaccinated control group (aHR 1.98, 95% CI, 1.29–3.03). Sensitivity analyses supported the robustness of the results.

Conclusions:
This analysis of a large national health insurance database suggests an increased risk of both new-onset and relapse of herpesviral keratitis associated with COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea. While COVID-19 vaccination is crucial for pandemic control, health care providers should be aware of potential herpesvirus reactivation and consider appropriate prophylaxis and treatment for at-risk individuals.
Parental narrative style moderates the relation between pain-related attention and memory biases in youth with chronic pain
Authors: Wauters Aline , Van Ryckeghem Dimitri M.L. , Noel Melanie , Mueri Kendra , Soltani Sabine , Vervoort Tine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Negatively biased pain memories robustly predict maladaptive pain outcomes in children. Both attention bias to pain and parental narrative style have been linked with the development of these negative biases, with previous studies indicating that how parents talk to their child about the pain might buffer the influence of children's attention bias to pain on the development of such negatively biased pain memories. This study investigated the moderating role of parental narrative style in the relation between pain-related attention and memory biases in a pediatric chronic pain sample who underwent a cold pressor task. Participants were 85 youth-parent dyads who reminisced about youth's painful event. Eye-tracking technology was used to assess youth's attention bias to pain information, whereas youth's pain-related memories were elicited 1 month later through telephone interview. Results indicated that a parental narrative style using less repetitive yes–no questions, more emotion words, and less fear words buffered the influence of high levels of youth's attention bias to pain in the development of negatively biased pain memories. Opposite effects were observed for youth with low levels of attention bias to pain. Current findings corroborate earlier results on parental reminiscing in the context of pain (memories) but stress the importance of matching narrative style with child characteristics, such as child attention bias to pain, in the development of negatively biased pain memories. Future avenues for parent–child reminiscing and clinical implications for pediatric chronic pain are discussed.
The Student Voice
Authors: Reaves Crista , Kitt-Lewis Erin , Mechtel Marci , Logan Paul 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Durable learning is the teaching/learning methods that result in retained knowledge that can be transferred to practice. There is limited research on durable learning in nursing education (NE).

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of how learners acquire and retain knowledge.

Methods:
Nursing students and recent graduates were recruited from 2 large universities. Focus groups (n = 7) were audio-recorded, and transcripts were analyzed.

Results:
Thematic analysis of learners’ perceptions revealed (1) effective learner-initiated techniques, (2) effective instructor-initiated techniques, (3) learner-initiated techniques that were not effective, and (4) instructor-initiated techniques in the classroom, clinical practice, and simulation that were not effective.

Conclusion:
Additional research is needed to understand faculty perspectives on durable learning techniques and their effectiveness. Findings from student, graduate, and faculty perspectives will guide the development of a validated, reliable tool to evaluate durable learning in NE.
Levetiracetam or Phenytoin as Prophylaxis for Status Epilepticus: Secondary Analysis of the “Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Trial” (ADAPT) Dataset, 2014–2017*
Authors: Ahmed Nasim , Russo Larissa , Kuo Yen-Hong 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To compare levetiracetam and phenytoin as prophylaxis for the short-term development of status epilepticus (SE) during care of pediatric patients with acute severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

DESIGN:
Nonprespecified secondary analysis using propensity score matching.

SETTING:
We used the Approaches and Decisions in Acute Pediatric TBI Trial (ADAPT NCT04077411) dataset (2014–2017).

SUBJECTS:
Patients less than 18 years old with Glasgow Coma Scale Score less than or equal to 8 who received levetiracetam or phenytoin as a prophylactic anticonvulsant therapy.

INTERVENTION:
None.

MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS:
Of the 516 total patients who qualified for the case-control study, 372 (72.1%) patients received levetiracetam, and 144 (27.9%) received phenytoin. After propensity score matching, the pair-matched analysis with 133 in each group failed to identify an association between levetiracetam versus phenytoin use and occurrent of SE (3.8% vs. 0.8%, p = 0.22), or mortality (i.e., in-hospital, 30-d and 60-d). However, on closer inspection of the statistical testing, we cannot exclude the possibility that selecting levetiracetam rather than phenytoin for prophylaxis was associated with the following: up to a mean difference of 7.3% greater prevalence of SE; up to a mean difference of 13.9%, 12.1%, and 13.9% greater mortality during the hospital stay, and 30-, and 60-days after hospital arrival, respectively. Last, analysis of 6 months Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended score in those without premorbid comorbidities, there was an association between favorable outcomes and use of phenytoin rather than levetiracetam prophylaxis.

CONCLUSIONS:
In ADAPT, the decision to use prophylactic levetiracetam versus phenytoin failed to show an association with occurrence of subsequent SE, or mortality. However, we are unable to exclude the possibility that selecting levetiracetam rather than phenytoin for prophylaxis was associated with greater prevalence of SE and mortality. We are unable to make any recommendation about one prophylactic anticonvulsant medication over the other, but recommend that further larger, contemporary studies in severe pediatric TBI are carried out.