bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Mental Health Decline in Children during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
Authors: Weissman Judith , Kramsky Jayne , Pinder Natalie , Jay Melanie , Taylor John 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To examine the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on children’s mental health.
Methods: The sample included a cross-section of children aged 2 to 17 years (2019; n =4, 194; 2020; n = 5, 172), from the National Health Interview Survey. In multivariable models, survey years 2020 and 2019 were the main independent variable used to predict anxiety, depression, and social behaviors in children after adjustment for sociodemographics. Bivariate analysis examined sociodemographics, health care utilization and sleep disturbances by anxiety, depression, and social behaviors.
Results: In multivariable models, there was an increased risk of anxiety (aOR = 1.3(1.1, 1.6), depression (aOR= 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) and difficult social behaviors (aOR= 1.2 (1.0, 1.4) in children from 2019 to 2020. Girls were at increased risk compared to boys for anxiety and depression (anxiety; aOR= 1.4 (1.2, 1.8), depression; aOR= 1.2 (1.0, 1.3), however, girls were at decreased risk compared to boys for uncontrolled social behavior; aOR = .51 (.43, .61). Children who lived in poverty compared to affluent children were at increased risk for anxiety and depression. In bivariate analysis using 2020 data, about 57.4% of children reported never feeling well rested and 13.7% of children reported difficulty getting out of bed.
Conclusions: Anxiety, depression and difficult social behaviors were exacerbated by the lockdown. Millions of children reported sleep disturbances in 2020, consistent with a population under distress. Effective public health interventions could prevent further declines in mental health and a trajectory into adulthood of poor mental health.
Development of Scaled Down Hardware Prototype Laboratory Model of Long Transmission Line
Authors: Thote Pankaj B , Ashar Mohammad , Rathore Chandrakant , Sarkar Devesh Umesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Transmission lines are one of the vital elements of the Electrical Power System network. It is very unfortunate that, the theoretical concept studied in the classroom about power system does not give the physical insight with practical exposure as actual transmission lines are not readily accessible in the hardware environment. To overcome this problem, a prototype model of transmission lines can be developed and various experimentations of power system could be carried out through it. This would provide practical learning with hands on experience to the students and researchers in the area of Power system. Therefore, in this paper, a scaled down laboratory model of an existing 400 kV long transmission line of the western grid of India has been developed. The novelty of the prototype laboratory model is that being low cost, all the electrical parameters of the transmission line are such designed that they actually resemble the existing transmission line which can be further utilized for fault analysis, steady-state, transient performance of power system, power system protection along-with incorporation of FACTS devices for power system compensation , power management and control. The developed prototype model can be configured with different transmission line lengths and can be analyzed through both “π” and “T ” topologies. The system behaviour of developed prototype laboratory model is validated with the MATLAB simulation and hence this proposed model can be used as a scaled down version of transmission line by the students and researchers for experimentation and research in the field of power system studies.
Lysosomal signalling pathways influence heart rhythm, and
regulate atrial function
Authors: Burton REBECCA , Capel Rebecca , Akerman Emily , Rog-Zielinska Eva , Winbo Annika , Aston Daniel , Mu-u-min Razik , Read Matthew , Bose Samuel , Swietach Pawel , Wang Jingyu , Corbett Alexander , Koschinski Andreas , Montgomery Johanna , Falter Florian , Calamaio Serena , Melgari Dario , Prevostini Rachelle , Rivolta Ilaria , Ayagama Thamali , Jenkin Idan , Simon Jillian , Fakuade Funsho , Pronto Julius , Sharma Parveen , Song Qianqian , Booth Martin , Platt Frances , Lei Ming , Hester Svenja , Fischer Roman , Voigt Niels , Schotten Ulrich , Verheule Sander , Galione Antony , Keller Marco , Bracher Franz , Zaccolo Manuela , Terrar Derek 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the heart, endogenous nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) triggers lysosomal
calcium release to augment sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium sequestration, producing larger
calcium transients. However, the role of lysosomal calcium signals in pacemaker activity, a distinct
calcium-operated function of the sino-atrial node (SAN) or atria, a distinct calcium-operated function, has not been investigated. Pharmacological or genetic ablation of the NAADP pathway inhibits spontaneous beating rate response to β-adrenergic stimulation in intact SAN. We found intracellular signalling microdomains between lysosomes and neighbouring SR or mitochondria in mouse, rabbit, goat, and human atrial tissue. The spatial relationship between lysosomes and other calcium-handling organelles are altered in goat and human atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, we demonstrate atrial myocytes produce 3′–5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate in response to lysosomal signalling, adding a novel trigger for cyclic nucleotide signalling. Our findings support the hypothesis that lysosomal calcium signaling directly increases cardiomyocyte cAMP and modulates pacemaker activity.
Piloting a Minimum Data Set (MDS) in English care homes: a qualitative study of professional perspectives on implementation and data use
Authors: Carroll Rachael E , Smith Nick , Palmer Sinead ER , Burton Jennifer Kirsty , Gordon Adam Lee , Towers Ann-Marie , Rand Stacey E , Tracey Freya , Killett Anne , Webster Lucy , Hanratty Barbara , Spilsbury Karen , Akdur Gizdem , De Corte Kaat , Meyer Julienne E , Goodman Claire 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background digitalisation within English care homes offers potential to make more effective use of substantial data collected by staff during care planning and recording. A pilot minimum data set (MDS) was co-designed with stakeholders based on two digital care records (DCRs) with additional structured measures.Objectives to explore care home staff opinions and experiences of collecting structured measures of quality of life (QoL), cognition and function for residents and how MDS data might be used by staff and other professionals interested in care homes.Design: focus groups (FGs) and interviewsSetting: three Integrated Care System (ICS) regions of EnglandSubjects: care home staff and ICS participantsMethods online FGs and interviews using a semi-structured topic guide. Data collection involved two waves of care home FGs, following MDS data capture, and one with ICS participants. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to develop themes.Results twenty-four staff from 22 homes and 16 staff from 15 homes participated in wave one and two FGs respectively. Ten ICS participants from two of three regions participated. Three themes were developed: the care home context and the importance of an MDS for care, appropriateness and relevance of QoL measures to resident care, and data quality and purpose.Conclusions it is feasible for staff to collect structured measures on resident QoL, function and cognition using DCRs to contribute to an MDS. The data generated can inform and enhance resident care. However, implementation is an evolving process requiring support, trust-building and confidence among those collecting and interpreting data.
Population-Specific Predictors of Immunologic Reconstitution Following Initiation of Combined Antiretroviral Therapy in Children: A Retrospective Observational Study from a 15-year Cohort of HIV-Positive Children and Adolescents in Eritrea
Authors: Ghebremeskel Ghirmay Ghebrekidan , mengistu Samuel tekle , tsegai misgana teklehaimanot , Mehretab Awet Ghebreberhan , Kidane Henok Afewerki , Abraham Yonas Tesfagabr , Habte Robel Afeworki , Teklemariam Habtemichael Mulugeta 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the increased use of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) to suppress the HIV viral load and increase the CD4 + T-cell counts, there are disparities in response to cART. This study explores population-sensitive, demographic, and clinical factors affecting short-term immunologic reconstitution following initiation of cART in HIV-infected children.
Methodology:
A retrospective study of children followed in Orotta National Pediatric Referral Hospital from 2005–2020 was conducted. Two separate analyses were performed, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were employed to assess the risk factors associated with inadequate IR at 6- and 12-months following cART initiation.
Results
From the initial cohort of 822 patients [53.4% were males, cohort median age at cART initiation was 78 (IQR: 48–101) months and median absolute CD4 count 270 (151–441) cells/µL]. We analyzed 456 and 495 children with complete data at 6 and 12 months of follow-up periods, respectively. Following 6 months on cART, Immunologic reconstitution was achieved in 87.8% (95% CI: 84.3–91.2) and increased to 90.4% (95% CI: 87.3–93.5) after 12 months of treatment. Independent predictors of inadequate IR after 6 months of cART were higher baseline absolute CD4 counts (aOR = 1.003, (95% CI: 1.002–1.005); p-value < 0.001) and NNNRTI (EFV: aOR = 3.9, (95% CI: 1.3–11.9); p-value = 0.01). Meanwhile, Gender (females: aOR = 0.3, (95% CI: 0.1–0.9, p-value = 0.03) and higher baseline absolute CD4 counts (aOR = 1.003, (95% CI: 1.002–1.005); p-value < 0.001) were independent risk factors of inadequate IR after 12 months of treatment.
Conclusion
Lower baseline absolute CD4 count was independently associated with the IR following treatment with cART. However, Children initiated on EFV and males exhibited higher odds of inadequate IR after 6 and 12 months on cART, respectively. Identifying population-specific risk factors and gender-targeted intervention tools has promising potential to design effective therapeutic strategies that will enhance the reconstitution of CD4 T-cells and have a beneficial impact on sub-Saharan HIV-infected children receiving cART in sub-optimal and resource-constrained settings.
Water Quality Assessment and Health Implications: A Study of Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Ma’aruf Abdulmumin , Sulaiman Mustapha , Usman Habib Muhammad , Panda Saifullahi Lawan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study presents a water quality analysis aiming to understand their relationship with prevalent health concerns reported in Kano metropolis. The study collected ten water samples from eight distinct areas within Kano State, Nigeria. PH levels ranged from 6.50 to 7.20, falling within the permissible range recommended by the WHO. The highest turbidity was 51.66NTU. Hardness ranged from 158.6 to 297.7 mg/L, falling within the limit. Alkalinity levels surpassed the standard in most areas, while TDS fell below the standard. Cadmium concentrations ranged from 0.04 mg/L to 0.162 mg/L, with both values exceeding the WHO limit. Nickel levels ranged from 0.369 mg/L to 1.288 mg/L, surpassing the WHO recommendation of 0.2 mg/L. Lead concentrations reached alarming levels, exceeding the recommended value of 1.00 mg/L, with Municipal and Fagge recording concentrations of 3.7882 mg/L and 3.5627 mg/L respectively. Chromium concentrations varied froGm 0.82 mg/L to 4.4 mg/L, all surpassing the WHO limit. In Tarauni Arsenic concentration was 0.01 mg/L aligning with the standard, however, in other areas, it surpassed. Iron concentrations ranged from 0.2 mg/L to 1.31 mg/L. Zinc concentrations exceeded WHO limits in all areas, ranging from 3.08 mg/L in Ungogo to 4.4 mg/L in Fagge. Finally, the study suggest that the emerging health hazards in Kano State, including gastrointestinal illnesses, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular diseases is associated with poor water quality.
Owen and Marx: the spiritual fathers of social cooperation
Authors: Андерсон К.М. 
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена процессу формирования социальной кооперации в Великобритании в XIX веке и как этот процесс был отражен в работах Р. Оуэна и К. Маркса. Особенностью английских кооператоров было понимание процесса преобразования сугубо экономическим, а не политическим, а символом были Рабочие базары и потребительские товарищества. Отличительной чертой оуэновских организаций и организаций его учеников является так же то, что понятие «кооперация» заменяется на «социализм», что отразилось и на их сути. Маркс же делает упор именно на первом термине. Развитие кооперации Маркс обуславливает закономерными социально-экономическими факторами. Особенность подхода Маркса и Энгельса к проблемам кооперации заключается в том, что они рассматривают кооперативные предприятия не только как хозяйственные объединения рабочих, но прежде всего как социальные институты, отражающие черты новой исторической формы кооперации.
The article is devoted to the process of formation of social cooperation in Great Britain in the XIX century and how this process was reflected in the works of R. Owen and K. Marx. The peculiarity of the English cooperators was the understanding of the transformation process purely economic, not political, and the symbol was Workers' bazaars and consumer partnerships. A distinctive feature of Owen's organizations and the organizations of his followers is also that the concept of "cooperation" is replaced by "socialism", which is reflected in their work. Marx, on the other hand, focuses precisely on the first term. Marx determines the development of cooperation by natural socio-economic factors. The peculiarity of Marx and Engels' approach to the problem of cooperation lies in the fact that they consider cooperative enterprises not only as economic associations of workers, but primarily as social institutions reflecting the features of a new historical form of cooperation.
Feminist Ideas of the Russian Historian and Sociologist S.N. Yuzhakov
Authors: Батуренко С.А. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются феминистские идеи русского публициста, историка и социолога субъективного направления Сергея Николаевича Южакова. С.Н. Южаков был одним из первых социологов, поставивших в XIX в. вопрос о положении и роли женщины в обществе. В творчестве Южакова этот вопрос оказался неразрывно связан с основной проблематикой его работы – учении о методе познания общества, концепции прогресса и практического реформирования политической сферы.
The article examines the feminist ideas of the Russian publicist, historian, and sociologist of the subjective direction Sergey Nikolaevich Yuzhakov. S.N. Yuzhakov was one of the first sociologists who raised the question of the position and role of women in society in the XIX century. In Yuzhakov's work, this issue turned out to be inextricably linked with the main problem on which he worked – the doctrine of the method of cognition of society, the concept of progress and practical reform of the political sphere.
Pontifex, but not Maximus: from Pagan Pontiffs to Christian Bishops
Authors: Конюхов В.А. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматриваются условия и факторы переноса титула pontifex с представителей римского языческого жречества на христианских епископов позднеантичного латинского Запада. Даётся краткий очерк расширения исследовательской перспективы: показано, как поставленная проблема постепенно уходит из контекста истории формирования учения о папском примате. Пересматривая идеи И. Каянто и Ф. Ван Хеперен, автор постулирует в качестве основных функциональный и структурно-функциональный факторы; возможным остаётся фактор рангово-иерархического сходства. Выдвигается гипотеза о том, что указанный перенос произошёл не в городе Риме, а в провинциях Северной Африки в 1-й пол. III в., причём именно понтифики местных колоний и муниципиев «передали» свой титул христианским епископам.
The paper examines the conditions and factors for the transfer of the title pontifex from representatives of the Roman pagan priesthood to Christian bishops of the late antique Latin West. A brief outline of the expansion of the research perspective is given: it is shown how the problem posed gradually leaves the context of the history of the formation of the doctrine of papal primacy. The author, reconsidering the ideas of I. Kajanto and F. Van Haeperen, postulates functional and structural-functional factors as the main ones; the factor of rank-hierarchical similarity remains possible. A hypothesis is put forward that this transfer occurred not in the city of Rome itself, but in the provinces of North Africa in the first half of the third century, and it was the pontiffs of local colonies and municipia that “transferred” their title to Christian bishops.
Gender Ideology of the Puritans in the Thomas Gataker’s Sermon to newlyweds: the Case of Lady Brilliana Harley
Authors: Созинова К.А. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассматривается как пуританские проповеди новобрачным сформировали особый гендерный дискурс, позволявший женщинам не только принимать активное участие в жизни благочестивой общины верующих, но и брать на себя подчас мужские обязанности, связанные с управлением поместьем и его обороной. Ярким примером этого служит случай леди Бриллианы Харли, бракосочетанию которой была посвящена одна из трех известных брачных проповедей Томаса Гатейкера «Совершенная жена» (1623). Будучи женой парламентария сэра Роберта Харли, Бриллиана управляла делами своего родового поместья, в то время как ее муж заседал в парламенте до и во время Гражданской войны. Она организовала оборону замка во время его осады роялистами летом 1643 г. Богатое эпистолярное наследие Бриллианы Харли позволяет проанализировать насколько пуританская гендерная идеология, заложенная в проповеди Гатейкера, повлияла на ее выбор жизненных стратегий.
This article examines how Puritan sermons to newlyweds formed a special gender discoursethat allowed women not only to take an active part in the life of a godly community, but alsoto take male responsibilities related to the management and defense of the estate. A striking example of this isthe case of Lady Brilliana Harley, whose marriage was the subject of one of Thomas Gutaker's three famous marriage sermons,“A Wife in Deed” (1623). As thewife of Parliamentarian Sir Robert Harley, Brilliana managed the affairs of her ancestral estate, Brampton Brian Castle, while her husband sat in Parliament before and during the Civil War. She organized the defenseof the castle during its siege bythe Royalists in the summer of 1643. Brilliana Harley's rich epistolary heritage allows us to analyze how the puritan gender ideology embedded in Gataker's sermon influenced her choice of life strategies.
"Gross is lost": on the Brunswick Diplomat Who in 1741 Stayed Behind in Russia
Authors: Плате А. 
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена Христиану Фридриху Гроссу (1696?–1742), ученому, частному секретарю графа А.И. Остермана, а также члену брауншвейгской дипломатической миссии при Санкт-Петербургском дворе. Из всех лиц, обвиненных в измене после дворцового переворота 25 ноября 1741 г., легационсрат – единственный, кто поплатился тогда жизнью. В день Нового 1742 года, не выдержав условий домашнего ареста и допросов, он застрелился в остермановской квартире, где жил с 1727 г. Пространственная близость и тесное общение с влиятельным чиновником аннинского правления (1730‑1740) сделали профессора моральной философии, уволившегося из Академии наук ради службы в дипломатической миссии брауншвейгских герцогов, в глазах историков носителем государственной тайны. Поэтому предполагалось най-ти в его переписке ключ к небесспорным планам вице-канцлера по урегулированию вопроса престолонаследия в России. Однако работа с оригиналами документов, хранящихся в Государственном архиве земли Нижняя Саксония, выявила, что очевидное не всегда соответствует действительности. В письмах легационсрата события, предшествовавшие перевороту в ноябре 1741 г., практически не находят отражения. Гросс не оказался тем «человеком, который слишком много знал», а был лишь тем, кто слишком задержался. Возможных мотивов, заставивших его остаться в России, было несколько, как политических, так и личных. О них будет идти речь в статье.
This article is dedicated to Christian Friedrich Gross (1696?‑1742), a scholar, private secretary to count A.I. Osterman and member of the Brunswick diplomatic mission at the Russian court. Of all persons accused of treason after the palace coup of 25 November 1741, the counsellor of legation was the only one who actually paid with his life. On New Year's Day 1742, unable to endure the ordeal of interrogations, he shot himself in Osterman's house, where he had lived since 1727. Due to close communication with this influential official in the reign of Anna Ioannovna (1730‑1740) the former professor who resigned from the Academy of Sciences in order to join the Brunswick diplomatic mission was considered a carrier of confidential knowledge. Subsequently historians assumed to find in his correspondence key information to the Vice Chancellor’s controversial plans concerning the regulation of the succession to the Russian throne. However, thorough analysis of the original documents, kept at the State Archive of Lower Saxony, revealed that the obvious does not necessarily match reality. Gross` letters practically do not mention the turbulent events at the eve of the coup d`etat of November 1741. Against expectations, Gross occurred not to be the „Man who knew too much”, but merely the one who remained behind. Possibly, against his will, for various reasons and motives. The latter ones will be discussed in this article.
Bishop Mikhail Semyonov and the Old Believers
Authors: Свиридонова А.И. 
Published: June 2024

Статья посвящена проблеме определения Освященным Собором старообрядческой Церкви степени соответствия православному вероучению религиозно-философских взглядов епископа Михаила Семенова, чьи идеи казались слишком революционными для современников, а негативный образ, созданный недоброжелателями, дополняло еврейское происхождение. Гонимый в синодальной Церкви, отец Михаил перешел в старообрядчество, видя демократический и социалистический потенциал этой конфессии. Однако литературные приёмы, с помощью которых Михаил передавал свои убеждения, были слишком современны для части чад старообрядческой Церкви.
The article is devoted to the religious and philosophical views of the Old Believer bishop Mikhail Semenov and their perception in society. Semenov's ideas seemed too revolutionary for his contemporaries, and the negative image created by detractors was complemented by Jewish origin. Persecuted in the Synodal Church, Father Michael converted to the Old Believers, seeing the democratic and socialist potential of this denomination. However, the literary techniques by which Mikhail conveyed his beliefs were too modern for some of the children of the Old Believer Church.