bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolomic analysis reveals the changing trend and differential markers of volatile and nonvolatile components of Artemisiae argyi with different aging years
Authors: Zhang Lixian , Wang Xuefang , Wang Wei , Ning Erjuan , Chen Ling , Li Zhining , Yu Liqin , Li Xiao , Zong Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionArtemisia argyi Folium (AAF) is a traditional medicinal herb and edible plant. Analyzing the differential metabolites that affect the efficacy of AAF with different aging years is necessary.ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the changing trend and differential markers of volatile and nonvolatile metabolites of AAF from different aging years, which are necessary for application in clinical medicine.MethodologyMetabolites were analyzed using a widely targeted metabolomic approach based on ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS) and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC‐MS).ResultsA total of 153 volatile metabolites and 159 nonvolatile metabolites were identified. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) could clearly distinguish AAF aged for 1 year (AF‐1), 3 years (AF‐3), and 5 years (AF‐5). Seven flavonoids and nine terpenoids were identified as biomarkers for tracking the aging years.ConclusionsThe metabolomic method provided an effective strategy for tracking and identifying biomarkers of AAF from different aging years. This study laid the foundation for analysis of the biological activity of Artemisia argyi with different aging years.
Screening psychological symptoms in Filipino university students during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Translation and structural validation of the Filipino version of the DASS‐21
Authors: Aruta John Jamir Benzon R. , Mateo Niño Jose , Resurreccion Ron R. , Galanza Meniah Ann Martha C. , Bernardo Allan B. I. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCulturally appropriate tools are necessary to aid in objective screening for psychological symptoms among students in university settings. This study aimed to translate and validate the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale‐21 (DASS‐21). The instrument underwent forward translation and was reviewed by representatives from the target population, field experts, and an external auditor. The translated version of the DASS‐21, together with the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short Form (I‐PANAS‐SF), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder‐7 (GAD‐7), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), was administered to 681 university students. Through confirmatory factor analysis, results supported the intercorrelated three‐factor model with correlated errors for the DASS‐21 Filipino. Results also demonstrated the criterion validity of the depression and anxiety subscales through significant correlations with PHQ‐9 and GAD‐7, respectively, and a stringent z‐score test to examine the difference between two dependent correlations with one variable in common. The convergent validity of all three subscales was established through significant correlations with I‐PANAS‐SF and SWLS. All DASS‐21 Filipino subscales which includes depression (α = .89), anxiety (α = .84), and stress (α = .85), showed high internal consistency. The current findings offer initial evidence on the structural validity of the DASS‐21 Filipino, which can be utilized as a tool to screen for depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among Filipino speakers during a global health crisis. Implications for psychological assessment and school and clinical interventions are discussed.
Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Study on Jujube Seed Extract Functionalized Ag Nanoparticles
Authors: Fan Jiashen , Song Han , Liu Shengkai , Chen Boyu , Fu Yujie , Liu Zhiguo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGreen synthesis of Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) by using the plant extract is a very important strategy to gain efficient antimicrobial agents with strong antimicrobial activity and low toxicity. In this study, jujube seed extract (JSE) is utilized to green synthesis of AgNPs by both hydrothermal process and solution‐based approaches. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra confirm that jujube seed extract functionalized Ag nanoparticles are formed by both approaches and jujube seed extract covered on the surface of Ag nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicate that the JSE‐AgNPs are spherical with the average diameter of 17.7 and 14.2 nm for the hydrothermal process and solution‐based approaches, respectively. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the JSE‐AgNPs prepared by both approaches have face‐centered cubic crystal structure. The antimicrobial activity test reveals that minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of JSE‐AgNPs by the solution‐based method are 62.5, 125, and 62.5 µg mL−1 against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, respectively. These results imply that the JSE‐AgNPs have potential to be developed as efficient antimicrobial agents.
Serine proteinase inhibitors from Nicotiana benthamiana, a nonpreferred host plant, inhibit the growth of Myzus persicae (green peach aphid)
Authors: Feng Honglin , Jander Georg 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) is a severe agricultural crop pest that has developed resistance to most current control methods, requiring the urgent development of novel strategies. Plant proteinase inhibitors (PINs) are small proteins that protect plants against pathogens and/or herbivores, likely by preventing efficient protein digestion.RESULTSWe identified 67 protease genes in the transcriptomes of three M. persicae lineages (USDA‐Red, G002 and G006). Comparison of gene expression levels in aphid guts and whole aphids showed that several proteases, including a highly expressed serine protease, are significantly overexpressed in the guts. Furthermore, we identified three genes encoding serine protease inhibitors (SerPIN‐II1, 2 and 3) in Nicotiana benthamiana, which is a nonpreferred host for M. persicae. Using virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) with a tobacco rattle virus (TRV) vector and overexpression with a turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) vector, we demonstrated that N. benthamiana SerPIN‐II1 and SerPIN‐II2 cause reduced survival and growth, but do not affect aphid protein content. Likewise, SerPIN‐II3 overexpression reduced survival and growth, and serpin‐II3 knockout mutations, which we generated using CRISPR/Cas9, increased survival and growth. Protein content was significantly increased in aphids fed on SerPIN‐II3 overexpressing plants, yet it was decreased in aphids fed on serpin‐II3 mutants.CONCLUSIONOur results show that three PIN‐IIs from N. benthamiana, a nonpreferred host plant, effectively inhibit M. persicae survival and growth, thereby representing a new resource for the development of aphid‐resistant crop plants. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Redefining sustainable urban development: A critical analysis in the wake of COVID‐19
Authors: Alizadeh Hooshmand , Doostvandi Milad , Zandsalimi Milad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper critically examines the concept of sustainable development, particularly in the context of urban challenges exacerbated by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Although the concept of sustainable development has been around for more than three decades, it faces ongoing global socio‐environmental crises that have been exacerbated by the rapid spread of COVID‐19 since 2019, which has highlighted the vulnerability of urban and interconnected cities. Our approach includes a comparative literature review to analyze the evolution and critique of sustainable development, focusing on its conceptual foundations, complementary strategies, and political‐economic implications. The paper addresses the urban implications of COVID‐19, emphasizing its direct impact on the Sustainable Development Goals and arguing for a comprehensive reassessment of sustainable urban development practices. We propose a transformative agenda that recognizes local specificities and draws on cities' experiences during the pandemic to build a more equitable and crisis‐resilient global society. This research highlights the urgency to rethink current sustainable development paradigms, especially in light of the human‐environment imbalance and lessons learned from the COVID‐19 crisis. It calls for a reformed global approach that incorporates local dimensions and draws on the experience of cities to address the inequalities and crisis‐prone structures in our societies, with the aim of a fundamental shift toward a more sustainable future in the post‐COVID‐19 era.
One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Biologically Promising Indenoquinoxaline Fused Spiroheterocycles Starting from 11H‐indeno[1,2‐b]quinoxalin‐11‐ones
Authors: Banerjee Bubun , Sharma Aditi , Kaur Manmeet , Singh Arvind , Priya Anu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHeterocycles are very common in many naturally occurring bioactive compounds as well as in the commercially available drug molecules. Very recently spiroheterocycles have gained considerable attention due to their wide range of pharmacological applicability. Among many others, 11H‐indeno[1,2‐b]quinoxalin‐11‐one in recent time have gained significant attention as an important building block to prepare structurally diverse biologically promising spiroheterocycles under various reaction conditions. On the other hand, it was found that one‐pot three‐component reaction strategy plays an important role in the preparation of spiroheterocycles starting from 11H‐indeno[1,2‐b]quinoxalin‐11‐one as it has many advantages including high atom economy, operational simplicity, easy workup procedures, reduction of byproducts, energy and reaction step efficiency etc. In this review, we have discussed all the recent developments related to the one‐pot three‐component synthesis of biologically promising indenoquinoxaline fused spiroheterocycles starting from 11H‐indeno[1,2‐b]quinoxalin‐11‐ones under diverse reaction conditions.
One‐Pot Multicomponent Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles Facilitated by Novel Biocatalyst under Ambient Reaction Conditions
Authors: Kadam Avdhut , Deshmukh Sujit , Kamble Santosh 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study depicts the synthesis of a novel biocatalyst Cluster Fig Ash (CFA) from cluster fig. XRD, FT‐IR, EDX, TGA, BET and SEM techniques were used to characterize the synthesized CFA catalyst. The one‐pot multicomponent synthesis of pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles derivatives under ambient conditions was utilised to test the catalytic activity of this synthesized CFA biocatalyst. It was found that an easy, reliable, and extremely efficient method has been proposed to synthesise pyrano[2,3‐c]pyrazoles derivatives using one‐pot, multicomponent reaction involving aldehyde, malononitrile, ethylacetoacetate, and Hydrazine monohydrate.
Synthesis, Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Novel 2‐Oxo‐1,2‐dihydro‐1′H‐spiro[indoline‐3,2′‐quinazoline]‐4′‐carbohydrazones
Authors: Omoyeni Olajide B. , Omisore Nusrat O. , Obafemi Craig A. , Olomola Temitope O. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTreatment of isatin with ammonia in methanol under reflux, followed by hydrazine substitution of the methoxy group afforded isamic hydrazide in up to 79 % yield. Subsequent condensation of isamic hydrazide with selected aromatic ketones and aldehydes gave access to novel 2‐oxo‐1,2‐dihydro‐1′H‐spiro[indoline‐3,2′‐quinazoline]‐4′‐carbohydrazones (4–11) in yields between 59 % and 74 %. Detailed structural analysis of synthesized compounds was done using spectroscopic techniques. Antibacterial screening of the hydrazone derivatives (4–11) demonstrated broad‐spectrum activity against evaluated bacterial strains, with inhibition zones ranging from 10 to 32 mm. Specifically, compound 9 exhibited superior activity compared to the standard streptomycin against various bacterial strains, including B. polymyxa (LIO), B. cereus (NCBI 6349), C. pyogenes (LIO), B. subtilis (NCBI 3610), S. aureus (NCBI 8588), E. coli (NCIB 86), P. aeruginosa (NCIB 950), and K. pneumoniae (NCIB 418). Moreover, the inhibitory concentrations of compound 9 were lower than those of streptomycin, underscoring its efficacy as a potential antibacterial agent. These findings suggest that the synthesized hydrazone derivatives possess significant potential as novel and effective antibacterial agents, warranting further exploration in the field of antibacterial drug development.
Who am I? Exploring the evolution of professional identity among health professions educators
Authors: Moseley Lindsey E. , Garza Kimberly B. , Ford Channing R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIt can be challenging to articulate who we are as professionals, especially early in our careers or at transition points. Yet, developing a sense of professional identity as health professions educators is important for feeling confident and knowledgeable in our roles, and for optimizing the development of students. This chapter explores the formation and evolution of professional identity among health professions educators who were formally trained as clinicians or scientists.
On a lack of stability of parametrized BV solutions to rate‐independent systems with nonconvex energies and discontinuous loads
Authors: Andreia Merlin , Meyer Christian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe consider a rate‐independent system with nonconvex energy under discontinuous external loading. The underlying space is finite‐dimensional and the loads are functions in . We investigate the stability of various solution concepts w.r.t. a sequence of loads converging weakly* in with a particular emphasis on the so‐called normalized, ‐parametrized balanced viscosity solutions. By means of three counterexamples, it is shown that common solution concepts are not stable w.r.t. weak* and even intermediate (or strict) convergence of loads in the sense that a limit of a sequence of solutions associated with these loads need not be a solution corresponding to the load in the limit. We moreover introduce a new solution concept, which is stable in this sense, but our examples show that this concept necessarily allows “solutions” that are physically meaningless.
Mill’s Colonial-Racist Discourse in School Textbooks
Authors: Singh Kundan , Maheshwari Krishna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractJames Mill was the first colonial to write a comprehensive history of India. Soon after its publication, he became a high-ranking employee of the East India Company. In no time, he became its chief at India House, the headquarters of the Company. His rank and popularity in British society ensured that the History of British India became the paradigm determiner of India studies, its people, culture, and traditions. The framework behind the creation of grade-school discourse on India and Hinduism currently bears a complete reflection of the narrative set in motion by Mill more than two hundred years ago. Given the political power that Britain wielded over India, there was no need for Mill to camouflage his language in describing India, Hinduism, and the Hindu people. The times have changed, and the language must be politically correct. The current-day school discourse reproduces Mill’s narrative, minus his language of savagery and uncivilization of the Hindu people. This chapter exposes Mill’s stamp on the India-and-Hinduism discourse in American middle schools.
Sequences of nodal solutions for critical double phase problems with variable exponents
Authors: Papageorgiou Nikolaos S. , Vetro Francesca , Winkert Patrick 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we study a double phase problem with both variable exponents. Such problem has a reaction consisting of a Carathéodory perturbation defined only locally and of a critical term. The presence of the critical term does not permit to use results of the critical point theory for the corresponding energy functional. Consequently, using suitable cut-off functions and truncation techniques we focus on an auxiliary coercive problem on which, differently from our main problem, we can act with variational tools. In this way, we are able to produce a sequence of sign-changing solutions to our main problem converging to 0 in $$L^{\infty }$$

L
∞

and in the Musielak–Orlicz Sobolev space.
Association of Imaging-based Predictors with Outcome in Different Treatment Options for Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Krzyżewski Roger M. , Kwinta Borys M. , Stachura Krzysztof , Popiela Tadeusz J. , Pułyk Roman , Słowik Agnieszka , Gąsowski Jerzy , Kliś Kornelia M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Intracerebral hemorrhage is the deadliest form of stroke. This study aimed to enhance the prediction of 30-day mortality in intracerebral hemorrhage patients by integrating computational parameters.

Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed 435 patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Utilizing the acquired computed tomography (CT) images, we extracted the contour and visual representation of ICH. For the extracted contour, the analysis encompassed factors including compactness, fractal dimension, Fourier factor, and circle factor. For the images depicting ICH, we calculated various factors related to density distribution including mean, coefficient of variance, skewness and kurtosis, as well as texture parameters, such as energy, entropy, contrast and homogeneity. To assess the impact of surgical treatment on 30-day mortality, logistic regression analysis was used.

Results
A total of 126 patients (29.09%) died within 30 days. A total of 62 (14.25%) patients underwent surgical treatment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that surgical treatment was independently associated with a lower risk of 30-day mortality (odds ratio, OR 0.226, 95% confidence interval, CI 0.049–0.85; p = 0.039). Based on the moderated analysis, we found that the volume of ICH (OR 0.905, 95% CI 0.902–0.908; p < 0.001) and ICH energy (OR 1.389, 95%CI 0.884–0.988; p = 0.010) had positive moderating effect on such associations while the presence of intraventricular blood had negative moderating effect (OR 1.154, 95% CI 1.034–1.628; p = 0.010).

Conclusion
Patients exhibiting a higher volume and energy of ICH might benefit from surgical treatment; however, this efficacy was found to be diminished in cases involving the presence of intraventricular blood.
Intraoperative Navigation einer Distraktionsverletzung der BWS bei schwersten skoliotischen Veränderungen
Authors: Schramm Simon , Groh Johannes , Krause Johannes , Perl Mario 
Published: April 2024

ZusammenfassungGeschildert wird der Fall eines 43-jährigen Patienten, welcher sich bei einem Verkehrsunfall mehrere Verletzungen, u. a. eine Distraktionsverletzung an der Brustwirbelsäule, zuzog. Besonderheit war hier die bestehende Spondylodese mit Materialbruch und sekundärem Repositionsverlust. Aufgrund dessen wurden bei fehlender Einstellbarkeit der Pedikel und abnormem Schraubenkorridor die Führungsdrähte der Pedikelschrauben navigiert gesetzt. Hierdurch kann eine optimale Positionierung mit damit verbundener Patientensicherheit garantiert werden.
An elemental ethics for artificial intelligence: water as resistance within AI’s value chain
Authors: Lehuedé Sebastián 
Published: April 2024

AbstractResearch and activism have increasingly denounced the problematic environmental record of the infrastructure and value chain underpinning artificial intelligence (AI). Water-intensive data centres, polluting mineral extraction and e-waste dumping are incontrovertibly part of AI’s footprint. In this article, I turn to areas affected by AI-fuelled environmental harm and identify an ethics of resistance emerging from local activists, which I term ‘elemental ethics’. Elemental ethics interrogates the AI value chain’s problematic relationship with the elements that make up the world, critiques the undermining of local and ancestral approaches to nature and reveals the vital and quotidian harms engendered by so-called intelligent systems. While this ethics is emerging from grassroots and Indigenous groups, it echoes recent calls from environmental philosophy to reconnect with the environment via the elements. In empirical terms, this article looks at groups in Chile resisting a Google data centre project in Santiago and lithium extraction (used for rechargeable batteries) in Lickan Antay Indigenous territory, Atacama Desert. As I show, elemental ethics can complement top-down, utilitarian and quantitative approaches to AI ethics and sustainable AI as well as interrogate whose lived experience and well-being counts in debates on AI extinction.
Technical review on design optimization in forging
Authors: Kitayama Satoshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractForging is a traditional and important manufacturing technology to produce various high strength products and is widely used in engineering fields such as automotive, aerospace and heavy industry. To produce highly accurate product, underfill that the material is not filled into the cavity should strongly avoided. For material saving and near-net product, flash should be minimized. To make the tool life long, it is preferable to produce product with low forging load. It is also preferable to uniformly deform the billet as much as possible for high strength product. Crack is a crucial defect and should strongly be avoided. Therefore, many requirements are taken into account in order to produce the forged product. To meet the requirements, design optimization in forging coupled with computer aided engineering (CAE) is an effective approach. This paper systematically reviews the related papers from the design optimization point of view. For the billet or die shape optimization, the papers are classified into four approaches. The process parameters optimization such as the billet temperature, the die temperature, the stroke length and the friction coefficient is conducted, and the related papers are also classified into four categories. The design variables and the objective function(s) used in the papers are clarified with the design optimization technique. The multi-stage forging including the hammer forging for producing complex product shape is also briefly reviewed. Finally, major performance indexes and the future outlook are summarized for the further development of design optimization in forging.