bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse effects of hyperlipidemia on bone regeneration and strength
Authors: Pirih Flavia , Lu Jinxiu , Ye Fei , Bezouglaia Olga , Atti Elisa , Ascenzi Maria-Grazia , Tetradis Sotirios , Demer Linda , Aghaloo Tara , Tintut Yin 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Hyperlipidemia increases the risk for generation of lipid oxidation products, which accumulate in the subendothelial spaces of vasculature and bone. Atherogenic high-fat diets increase serum levels of oxidized lipids, which are known to attenuate osteogenesis in culture and to promote bone loss in mice. In this study, we investigated whether oxidized lipids affect bone regeneration and mechanical strength. Wild-type (WT) and hyperlipidemic (Ldlr−/−) mice were placed on a high-fat (HF) diet for 13 weeks. Bilateral cranial defects were introduced on each side of the sagittal suture, and 5 weeks postsurgery on the respective diets, the repair/regeneration of cranial bones and mechanical properties of femoral bones were assessed. MicroCT and histological analyses demonstrated that bone regeneration was significantly impaired by the HF diet in WT and Ldlr−/− mice. In femoral bone, cortical bone volume fraction (bone volume [BV]/tissue volume [TV]) was significantly reduced, whereas cortical porosity was increased by the HF diet in Ldlr−/− but not in WT mice. Femoral bone strength and stiffness, measured by three-point bending analysis, were significantly reduced by the HF diet in Ldlr−/−, but not in WT mice. Serum analysis showed that the HF diet significantly increased levels of parathyroid hormone, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, calcium, and phosphorus, whereas it reduced procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide, a serum marker of bone formation, in Ldlr−/−, but not in WT mice. The serum level of carboxyl-terminal collagen crosslinks, a marker for bone resorption, was also 1.7-fold greater in Ldlr−/− mice. These findings suggest that hyperlipidemia induces secondary hyperparathyroidism and impairs bone regeneration and mechanical strength. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
A nonsynonymous TNFRSF11A variation increases NFκB activity and the severity of Paget's disease
Authors: Gianfrancesco Fernando , Rendina Domenico , Di Stefano Marco , Mingione Alessandra , Esposito Teresa , Merlotti Daniela , Gallone Salvatore , Magliocca Sara , Goode Alice , Formicola Daniela , Morello Giovanna , Layfield Robert , Frattini Annalisa , De Filippo Gianpaolo , Nuti Ranuccio , Searle Mark , Strazzullo Pasquale , Isaia Giancarlo , Mossetti Giuseppe , Gennari Luigi 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Mutations in the SQSTM1 gene were identified as a common cause of Paget's disease of bone (PDB) but experimental evidence demonstrated that SQSTM1 mutation is not sufficient to induce PDB in vivo. Here, we identified two nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (C421T, H141Y and T575C, V192A) in the TNFRSF11A gene, associated with PDB and with the severity of phenotype in a large population of 654 unrelated patients that were previously screened for SQSTM1 gene mutations. The largest effect was found for the T575C variant, yielding an odds ratio of 1.29 (p = 0.003), with the C allele as the risk allele. Moreover, an even more significant p-value (p = 0.0002) was observed in the subgroup of patients with SQSTM1 mutation, with an odds ratio of 1.71. Interestingly, patients with the C allele also showed an increased prevalence of polyostotic disease (68%, 53%, and 51% in patients with CC, CT, and TT genotypes, respectively; p = 0.01), as well as an increased number of affected skeletal sites (2.9, 2.5, and 2.0 in patients with CC, CT, and TT genotypes, respectively, p = 0.008). These differences increased when analyses were restricted to cases with SQSTM1 mutation. In human cell lines, cotrasfection with mutated SQSTM1 and TNFRSF11AA192 produced a level of activation of NFκB signaling greater than cotrasfection with wild-type SQSTM1 and TNFRSF11AV192, confirming genetics and clinical evidences. These results provide the first evidence that genetic variation within the OPG/RANK/RANKL system influences the severity of PBD in synergistic action with SQSTM1 gene mutations. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
DCE‐MRI model selection for investigating disruption of microvascular function in livers with metastatic disease
Authors: Banerji Anita , Naish Josephine H. , Watson Yvonne , Jayson Gordon C. , Buonaccorsi Giovanni A. , Parker Geoffrey J.M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the Akaike information criterion (AIC) model selection technique as a method for detecting differences in microvascular characteristics between tumorous and non‐tumor liver tissue.Materials and Methods:The AIC was applied to six patient datasets with liver metastases to determine, on a per voxel basis, which of two physiologically plausible candidate models gave a more appropriate description of the data. The dual‐input single‐compartment Materne model, extended to incorporate a novel portal input function estimation method, was chosen to represent liver tissue and the single‐input dual‐compartment extended Kety model was used for tumor.Results:Median AIC probabilities when comparing tumor versus liver and tumor versus tumor‐margins were significantly different (P ≤ 0.01) in five of the six patient datasets. Comparisons between tumor margins and liver regions were significantly different in four datasets. Median AIC probabilities selected for the extended Kety model in all tumor regions, with the Materne model being progressively more probable through tumor margins into liver.Conclusion:We present a viable method for assessing the spatially varying microvascular characteristics of tumor‐bearing livers, with possible applications in lesion detection, assessment of tumor invasion, and measurement of drug efficacy. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:196‐203. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Storage induced changes to high protein powders: influence on surface properties and solubility
Authors: Fyfe Kim N , Kravchuk Olena , Le Thao , Deeth Hilton C , Nguyen Anh V , Bhandari Bhesh 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: MPC 80 is a high‐protein (80%) milk powder commonly used in the food industry as a functional ingredient and valued for its nutritional quality. However, its rehydration properties decline during storage, causing more time to be required for rehydration of the powder by the end user. It is thought that changes at the surface of the powder particles contribute to this reduced solubility during storage.RESULTS: Surface composition and structural changes in milk protein concentrate (MPC) were observed during 90 days of storage at temperatures of 25 and 40 °C and relative humidities of 44, 66 and 84%. No significant changes to the surface composition (fat, protein and lactose) of the MPC powder samples occurred during storage; however, some changes in the microstructure of the powders were observed. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of the powder particles during dissolution showed the formation of a crust, consisting of a thin layer of fused casein micelles, on the surface of the stored powders. An increase in the hydrophobicity at the surface of the particles was evident by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the bonding state of the elements at or near the surface and by atomic force microscopy measurements of the adherence of particles to the surface of a material.CONCLUSION: The development of this ‘crust’ is thought to contribute to the decrease in the solubility of the powder particles during storage. The increase in the hydrophobicity at the surface and the casein micelle interactions resulting in the surface crust formation appear to contribute to the decrease in the solubility of MPC during storage. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Prevention of lymphocele in female pelvic lymphadenectomy by a collagen patch coated with the human coagulation factors: A pilot study
Authors: Tinelli Andrea , Giorda Giorgio , Manca Corrado , Pellegrino Marcello , Prudenzano Raffaele , Guido Marcello , Dell'edera Domenico , Malvasi Antonio 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe prevention of lymphoceles was tested using collagen patch coated with the human coagulation factors (TachoSil) on 58 consecutive patients with endometrial cancer who had undergone hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy (PL).MethodsPatients were randomized in two groups: standard technique plus TachoSil (30 patients, group 1) and standard technique only (28, group 2). All surgical parameters were collected and patients underwent ultrasound examination on postoperative days 7, 14, and 28. The main outcome measures were: the development of symptomatic or asymptomatic lymphoceles, the need for further surgical intervention, as adverse effect of surgery and the drainage volume and duration.ResultsSame number of lymph nodes in both groups was removed; group 1 showed a lower drainage volume. Lymphoceles developed in 7 patients in group 1 and 16 in group 2, but only 3 were symptomatic in group 1 and 9 symptomatic in group 2, with statistical difference. Percutaneous drainage proved necessary in five cases: only one was in group 1 and four in group 2.ConclusionsIntraoperative application of TachoSil reduced rate of postoperative lymphocysts after PL, and it seems to provide a useful additional treatment option for reducing drainage volume and preventing lymphocele development after PL. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:835–840. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Corrosion mechanism of aluminum alloy by ethylene glycol‐based solution
Authors: Weon J.‐I. , Woo H.‐S. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCorrosion and failure mechanisms on an aluminum (Al) alloy by ethylene glycol base solution have been studied. Extensive crevice corrosion damage and localized scale deposition are clearly observed between the failed Al alloy surface and the rubber hose, in which the leakage of ethylene glycol‐based solution occurred under an actual operating. In addition, many micro‐cracks are found at the rubber hose which is clamped with the Al alloy. The scales on the Al surface appear to be due to the occurrence of Al corrosion, followed by the precipitation of additives of ethylene glycol‐based solution in the crevice between Al alloy and rubber hose. The mechanisms that can account for the crevice corrosion and solution leakage on the Al alloy surface are discussed.
Assessing the tribocorrosion performance of Ti–6Al–4V, 316 stainless steel and Monel K500 alloys in artificial seawater
Authors: Chen J. , Yan F. Y. , Chen B. B. , Wang J. Z. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe electrochemical and tribocorrosion behaviors of Ti–6Al–4V, 316 stainless steel and Monel K500 alloys sliding against Al2O3 in artificial seawater are investigated in this paper. It can be observed that the open circuit potential drops down to more negative values due to the removal of passive film. And a rapid dissolution occurs in the wear track compared with the unworn area. The wear loss polarized in cathodic potential is lower than that in anodic potential and open circuit potential conditions, because the material deterioration is enhanced by corrosive attack. The wear volumes of 316 stainless steel are much higher than the ones measured for Ti–6Al–4V and Monel K500 alloys. Friction coefficients are significant large in cathodic polarization compared with anodic polarization for all alloys. Moreover, the 316 stainless steel exhibits large friction coefficients compared with Ti–6Al–4V and Monel K500 alloys.
Effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of MAO coatings on magnesium alloy
Authors: Song Y. L. , Sun X. Y. , Liu Y. H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe microstructure and corrosion behavior of the micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) coatings modified by TiO2 on AZ91 magnesium alloys were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, electrochemical analysis and drop test, respectively. The modified MAO coatings were consisted of not only MgAl2O4 and MgO, which usually could be found in MAO coatings on the AZ91 alloys, but also a small quantity of Ti. With increasing the contents of TiO2 nanoparticles from 0 to 4.8 g/L in the electrolyte, the coatings thickness increased from 19 to 24 µm, and the color of the MAO coating changed from light gray to dark. The addition of TiO2 could effectively decrease the number of the pores and improve the density of the coatings. The corrosion potential of the modified coatings positively shifted about 180 mV and the corrosion current density declined and the drop time increased. The mechanism of the corrosion resistances of the modified coatings lay in the fact that TiO2 nanoparticles could increase the thickness and the density of the coatings on the AZ91 magnesium alloys.
Study of sensitization and different heating cycles on stainless steels used for automotive exhaust components
Authors: Yasir M. , Mori G. , Wieser H. , Reller A. , Höppel H. W. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn order to achieve a reasonable lifetime of automotive exhaust components, a large number of high alloyed ferritic and austenitic stainless steels are used nowadays. It is a common concept that the lifetime of a component is directly related to the performance of steel against corrosion. The components are divided into different sections depending on their service temperatures. High temperature oxidation resistance is one of the properties which are required in different sections. The effect of material sensitization on corrosion resistance of stainless steels is well understood from the literature. Besides, sensitization materials in exhaust systems have to withstand different cyclic heating and cooling phases. The objective of this study was to develop a basic understanding that can determine the influence of different temperature treatments on stainless steels. A fundamental understanding on the interaction of sensitization and cyclic heat impacts are presented in the paper.
Electrochemical corrosion of liquid phase sintered silicon carbide ceramics
Authors: Sydow U. , Sempf K. , Herrmann M. , Schneider M. , Kleebe H.‐J. , Michaelis A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractLiquid‐phase sintered silicon carbide (LPS‐SiC) is silicon carbide ceramic which contains sintering additives forming a liquid phase during sintering. These additives segregate in the grain boundary phase during cooling. The usually used Al2O3 dissolves partially in the SiC‐grains and therefore changing the conductivity of the SiC (core rim structure). This study is focused on the electrochemical properties of LPS‐SiC with yttria and alumina as sintering additives. Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of LPS‐SiC has been determined by linear and cyclic voltammetry in acidic and alkaline solution. The effect of anodic oxidation on the material has been monitored by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) as well as by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The core‐rim structure of the investigated materials plays a decisive role in the vulnerability towards corrosion. If oxidative attack was found to occur under anodic polarization, it happened preferentially in the rim region of the SiC‐grains, while the core of the SiC‐grains remained basically unaffected.
SPR Detection of Dopamine Using Cathodically Electropolymerized, Molecularly Imprinted Poly‐p‐aminostyrene Thin Films
Authors: Dutta Pampa , Pernites Roderick B. , Danda Chaitanya , Advincula Rigoberto C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) film for dopamine (DP) sensing is fabricated from cathodically electrodeposited p‐aminostyrene (PAS) on electrode surfaces in a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy setup. The monomer is more commonly used in monolithic MIP free‐radical bulk polymerizations. The film growth and rebinding of DP are monitored by electrochemical‐SPR (EC‐SPR) spectroscopy. UV–Vis, IR spectroscopy, XPS, AFM, and electrochemistry methods are used to characterize the film. High selectivity against analogous analytes and up to picomolar detection of DP is demonstrated. The reusability of the sensor is also established. Theoretical modeling studies with AM1 calculations predict H‐bonding in a stable prepolymerization complex in solution prior to MIP film formation.
Low‐Temperature Cu(I)‐Catalyzed “Click” Reactions for Self‐Healing Polymers
Authors: Schunack Marlen , Gragert Maria , Döhler Diana , Michael Philipp , Binder Wolfgang H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSystematic investigations on the Cu(I)‐catalyzed “click” reaction between a three‐arm star polymer and low‐molecular‐weight alkynes are described. Liquid trivalent alkynes (2–7) are reacted either with monovalent azidotelechelic polyisobutylene 1b ($ \overline M_{\rm n} $ = 1900 g mol−1, PDI = 1.3) in solution, or with the trivalent azidotelechelic polyisobutylene 1a ($ \overline M_{\rm n} $ = 4000 g mol−1, PDI = 1.3). A significant autoacceleration is observed leading to increased reaction rates of the mono‐, di‐, and trisubstituted alkynes. Reaction in the solvent‐free state proved to be significantly faster than reaction in solution. Upon testing various Cu(I) catalysts, CuBr(PPh3)3, tripropargylamine 2 emerges as the ideal component for a room‐temperature “click” reaction with the three‐arm star polyisobutylene 1a.
Organobase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Multiarm Star Polylactide With Hyperbranched Poly(ethylene glycol) as the Core
Authors: Schömer Martina , Frey Holger 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMultiarm star copolymers consisting of the polyether‐polyol hyperbranched poly(ethylene glycol) (hbPEG) as core and poly(L‐lactide) (PLLA) arms are synthesized via the organobase‐ catalyzed ring‐opening polymerization of lactide using hbPEG as a multifunctional macroinitiator. Star copolymers with high molecular weights up to 792 000 g mol−1 are prepared. Detailed 2D NMR analysis provides evidence for the attachment of the PLLA arms to the core and reveals that the adjustment of the monomer/initiator ratio enables control of the arm length. Size exclusion chromatography measurements show narrow molecular weight distributions. Thermal analysis reveals a lower glass transition temperature, melting point, and degree of crystallization for the star‐shaped polylactides compared to linear polylactide.
Functionalized Biocompatible Poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐caprolactam) With pH‐Dependent Lower Critical Solution Temperature Behaviors
Authors: Cao Yu , He Wei 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFunctionalized temperature‐ and pH‐sensitive poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐caprolactam) (PVCL) polymers are prepared by copolymerizing monomers of N‐vinyl‐2‐caprolactam (VCL) and a VCL derivative, 3‐(tert‐butoxycarbonyl)‐N‐vinyl‐2‐caprolactam (TBVCL). Different molar compositions are studied, with the functional monomer at 9 and 14 mol%, respectively, (COOH‐PVCL9 and COOH‐PVCL14). Sharp, complete, and reversible phase transitions of the copolymers with little hysteresis are shown to be pH‐dependent, with cloud points ranging from 35 to 44 °C for COOH‐PVCL9, and 29 to 64 °C for COOH‐PVCL14, upon pH change from 2.0 to 7.4. Cytotoxicity assay demonstrates that the functionalized PVCL copolymers are biocompatible with NIH/3T3 up to 2 mg mL−1. Such new PVCL‐based water soluble copolymers with tunable properties could be useful in a variety of biomedical applications.
Concentric Ring Pattern Formation in a Competing Crystallization and Phase Separation Process
Authors: Shi Weichao , Cheng He , Chen Fenghua , Liang Yongri , Xie Xuming , Han Charles C. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSpherulitic patterns usually form in the single process of crystallization in polymer blends. But when phase separation intervenes under deep quench, the radial growth of the initial spherulitic patterns tends to invert into concentric alternating crystalline‐/amorphous‐rich ring structures. Within crystalline‐rich regions, lateral lamellae orient in the tangential direction rather than in the usual radial direction. We demonstrate the determining factor for this first observed phenomenon is the concentration deviation enhanced phase separation dynamics at the growth interface of crystals.
A Mechanism for Evolving Novel Plant Sesquiterpene Synthase Function
Authors: Wymore Troy , Chen Brian Y. , Nicholas Hugh B. , Ropelewski Alexander J. , Brooks Charles L. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPlant sesquiterpene synthases, a subset of the terpene synthase superfamily, are a mechanistically diverse family of enzymes capable of synthesizing hundreds of complex compounds with high regio‐ and stereospecificity and are of biological importance due to their role in plant defense mechanisms. In the current report we describe a large‐scale, high‐resolution phylogenetic analysis of ∼200 plant sesquiterpene synthases integrated with structural and experimental data that address these issues. We observe that all sequences that cluster together on the phylogenetic tree into well‐defined groups share at least the first reaction in the catalytic mechanism subsequent to the initial ionization step and many share steps beyond this down to proton transfers between the enzyme and substrate. Most significant is the previously unreported high conservation of an Asp‐Tyr‐Asp triad. Due to its high conservation, patterns in the phylogenetic tree as well as experimental and modeling results, we suggest that this Asp‐Tyr‐Asp triad is an important functional element responsible for many proton transfers to and from the substrate and intermediates along the plant sesquiterpene synthase catalytic cycle and whose position can be tuned by residues outside the active site that can lead to the evolution of novel enzyme function.
A rare anterior spinal epidural cyst mimicking Hirayama disease
Authors: Rahmlow Megan R. , Pirris Stephen , Rubin Devon I. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Hirayama disease is a rare focal motor neuron disorder that manifests as slowly progressive unilateral or bilateral hand weakness and atrophy. Methods: The case report of a young man who presented with the phenotype of Hirayama disease indicated an extensive anterior cervical epidural arachnoid cyst. Results: A 34‐year‐old man presented with a 5‐year history of slowly progressive hand and forearm weakness and atrophy. Nerve conduction studies demonstrated low median and ulnar motor amplitudes, and EMG demonstrated fibrillation potentials and long‐duration, high‐amplitude motor unit potentials in C6–T4‐innervated muscles. MRI demonstrated a longitudinally extensive anterior spinal epidural cyst extending from C2 to L1. The patient had improved hand strength after surgery. Conclusions: Anterior cervical epidural spinal cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis in patients who present with slowly progressive hand weakness. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Serum creatine kinase after exercise: Drawing the line between physiological response and exertional rhabdomyolysis
Authors: Kenney Kimbra , Landau Mark E. , Gonzalez Rodney S. , Hundertmark Julie , O'Brien Karen , Campbell William W. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIntroduction: In this investigation we assessed the spectrum of creatine kinase (CK) responses in military recruits undergoing basic training. Methods: Musculoskeletal examination data, questionnaire findings, and CK levels were obtained from 499 recruits at days 0, 3, 7, and 14 of training. Correlations of CK with ethnicity, age, body mass index, exercise, muscle pain, and climate were obtained. Results: None of the subjects developed clinical exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER). The mean/median serum CK values were 223/157, 734/478, 1226/567, and 667/486 IU/L at days 0, 3, 7, and 14, respectively, with a wide overall range (34–35,056 IU/L). African‐American subjects had higher mean CK levels. Conclusions: CK elevations and muscle pain are common during basic training. Widely accepted laboratory diagnostic values for ER are routinely exceeded in this military recruits, suggesting that CK levels >50 times the upper limit of normal are more specific. The findings support using CK as a marker for ER. Normal laboratory reference ranges for CK should be published by ethnicity. Muscle Nerve, 2012