bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple metachronous foveolar-type gastric adenomas in a Helicobacter pylori-naïve patient with long-term use of a proton pump inhibitor: a case report
Authors: Miyaoka Yoichi , Shibagaki Kotaro , Kushima Ryoji , Omachi Taisuke , Hino Takanobu , Fujiwara Aya , Tsukano Kousuke , Ogawa Sayaka , Yamanouchi Satoshi , Tanaka Masaki , Miyake Tatsuya , Fujishiro Hirofumi , Kohge Naruaki , Ohnuma Hideyuki , Ishimura Norihisa , Mishiro Tsuyoshi , Ishihara Shunji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A 69-year-old man undergoing long-term administration of a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) underwent upper endoscopy, which found a small, whitish, flat lesion in the fundic gland (oxyntic) mucosa. The patient had never received treatment for Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, and diagnostic testing for Hp was negative, suggesting an Hp-naïve status. Two years later, the lesion appeared markedly enlarged and was endoscopically resected. Histological examination revealed a low-grade foveolar-type gastric adenoma (FGA), predominantly expressing MUC5AC by immunohistochemistry. Two years later, while PPI therapy was continued, three new flat lesions were found. These were endoscopically resected and histologically diagnosed as low-grade FGAs as before, suggesting that multiple metachronous tumors had developed in a short period of time during long-term PPI administration. A KRAS mutation and a CTNNB1 mutation were identified in the tumor. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of potentially PPI-associated multiple metachronous FGAs in an Hp-naïve patient. Here we report a case of multiple foveolar-type gastric adenomas with rapid metachronous recurrences during long-term use of a proton pump inhibitor in Helicobacter pylori-naïve patient.
Quantifying the potential of façade climbing plants in reducing air pollution: a novel investigation into the absorption capabilities of three climbers for CO2, NO2, and O3 in urban environments
Authors: Aduse-Poku Minka , Edelmann Hans G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Air pollution and climate change will require the advancement of suitable green technologies and mitigation measures in the future, especially in cities. However, the possibilities for this are limited, partly due to the heavily built-up and thus restricted urban open space and sealed surfaces. Incorporating vertical surfaces, abundant in cities, as a valuable space for climbing plants is an ideal opportunity and means of improving air quality. Unfortunately, there are hardly any reliable quantitative facts on the improvement of air quality brought about by these climbing plants. In this study, we analysed and compared typical climbing plants with regard to their absorption potential of gaseous air pollutants. This revealed pronounced differences between Hedera helix, (ivy) Lonicera henryi (honeysuckle) and Clematis montana (anemone clematis) regarding their absorption/filtering capacity of CO2, NO2 and O3, the last two of which are hazardous to health.
Photocatalytic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under visible light irradiation in water using TiO2/MgO nanocomposites
Authors: Matsukevich Iryna V. , Beljin Jelena , Kulinich Natallia V. , Apostolović Tamara , Maletić Snežana , Romanovski Valentin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An extensive class of pollutants found in soil, water, and bottom sediments are categorized as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. A possible method of breaking down polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is thought to be the photochemical approach. The potential application of mesoporous nanocomposites on TiO2/MgO as catalysts for the photooxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under the influence of visible light was assessed in this work. TiO2/MgO nanocomposites were successfully obtained by the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis using methotitanic acid and magnesium nitrate as metal precursors. An important step in the synthesis was the conversion of the titanium precursor into a water-soluble form with the subsequent addition of glycine and citric acid at a carbon/nitrogen (C/N) molar ratio of 0.25. This synthesis via solutions allowed the target materials with major phases of magnesium metatitanate MgTiO3, magnesium dititanate MgTi2O5, and magnesium titanate Mg2TiO4 to be obtained after heat treatment at 750 °C. Heterostructured mesoporous TiO2/MgO powders with a specific surface area of 22.0–28.4 m2/g had an average diameter of the predominant pores of 10–30 nm. The greatest degree of photocatalytic oxidation of fluorene, pyrene, and benzpyrene (80, 68, and 53%, respectively) was obtained when it was combined with the TiO2/MgTi2O5/MgTiO3 nanocomposite under visible light irradiation. This study showed that mesoporous TiO2/MgO nanocomposites could be used as photooxidation catalysts for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The maximum level of photocatalytic oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in TiO2/MgO nanocomposites occurred at pH 7 and a photocatalyst dose of 1 mg/L under the influence of normal solar radiation.
RNA virus diversity highlights the potential biosecurity threat posed by Antarctic krill
Authors: Xu Tingting , Zhao Xianyong , Loch Thomas , Zhu Jiancheng , Wang Wei , Wang Xinliang , Wang Chong , Fan Gangzhou , Hao Bin , Zhang Jichang , Zhao Wenxiu , Bondad-Reantaso Melba G. , Alday-Sanz Victoria , Zhang Qingli 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Antarctic krill Euphausia superba, one of the most abundant species on the planet, is a keystone species of the Southern Ocean ecosystem. In the present study, we analyzed the RNA virome of Antarctic krill via metatranscription methods. The results showed that only 0.39% (49/12, 558) of the resultant unigenes could be assigned to known viral taxa, which were most similar to 17 known viruses, including nine invertebrate viruses, two vertebrate viruses, three protozoan viruses and three mycoviruses. However, most of the detected viruses possessed low amino acid similarity with counterparts in the viral databases. Penaeus vannamei picornavirus (PvPV; Family Picornaviridae) and covert mortality nodavirus (CMNV; Family Nodaviridae) were the two most abundant viruses in the Antarctic krill RNA virome. Notably, PvPV and CMNV are known pathogens to multiple aquatic animals according to epidemiological survey and exposure experiments, whereby PvPV positive krill caused clinical symptoms and histopathological lesions to P. vannamei and similarly, CMNV infection altered the swimming and feeding behavior of parent marine medaka Oryzias melastigma and caused tissue damage and even spinal curvature of the offspring. Results herein reveal, for the first time, the high abundance and taxonomic diversity of viruses in Antarctic krill while simultaneously highlighting the risk of an important virus reservoir to global aquaculture, and the potential impact on animals in the Antarctic ecosystem.
Enhancing Scientific Capacity in Africa – A Report on the 2023 International Space Weather Initiative School and the African Geophysical Society Annual Conference
Authors: Ngwira Chigomezyo M. , Yizengaw Endawoke , Gopalswamy Nat , Pulkkinen Antti , Simpemba Prospery 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNatural hazards, such as weather in space and the terrestrial environment, have the potential to disrupt critical technologies and infrastructures that contribute to national security and economic advancement. Enhancing our understanding of natural hazards is a central part to developing mitigation strategies to avert their impact on technological assets and/or infrastructure. With the support of the broader scientific community, the International Space Weather Initiative (ISWI) and the African Geophysical Society (AGS) successfully organized two international events in September–October 2023, namely, the ISWI space weather school and the AGS Annual Conference. Both events were locally hosted by the Physics Society of Zambia in Lusaka, Zambia. This paper is a summary report of the two events, highlighting efforts focused on advancing scientific research in Africa. The report also outlines some of the major challenges faced and discusses key considerations for organizing future meetings.
Mechanisms of Bimodal Magmatism Generation Beneath Southwest Indian Ridge: Implications for the Variable Composition of MORBs
Authors: Zhou Huaiyang , Qian Shengping , Dick Henry J. B. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAt mid‐ocean ridges, volcanic activity is predominantly marked by the voluminous effusion of tholeiitic basaltic lavas, with sporadic occurrences of mildly alkalic basalts. However, the genetic link between voluminous tholeiitic basalts and small‐volume alkali basalts remains enigmatic. We report both alkaline and tholeiitic volcanism at the Marion Rise segment of the ultraslow spreading (14 mm/yr) Southwest Indian Ridge (SWIR). In contrast to the effusive tholeiitic (MORB) volcanism in Dr 27 along the Marion Rise, the Dr 30 samples consist of transitional to alkalic glass and alkaline scoria with E‐MORB‐like affinity (e.g., with high K/Ti, volatile contents (e.g., CO2 and H2O), La/Sm and radiogenic heavy isotopes). Critically, the petrological and geochemical evidence of melt inclusions and their host minerals suggests shallow mixing of a volatile‐rich low‐viscosity alkaline magma with entrained MORB crystal mush. The MORB mush represents a later volatile‐poor viscous melt erupted effusively from beneath the axial valley onto the seafloor. This indicates bimodal magmatism beneath ocean ridges with the generation of early‐formed alkaline melts that ascend independently of the far more voluminous tholeiites, which then interact and mix in the melt storage region in the ocean lithosphere. Mixing of small volume alkaline melts with more voluminous tholeiitic melts then explains the local major element uniformity of MORB and its isotopic and trace element diversity. We suggest this may apply globally as at magmatically more robust ridges the role of alkali basalt is likely masked by the far more voluminous MORB.
Synthesis and characterisation of polycarbonates from spent lithium battery electrolytes
Authors: Wang Haiyue , Deng Lili , Fang Bing , Li Xiaolong , Guo Liying , Zheng Rongrong 
Published: February 2025

Novel synthesis of environmentally-friendly copolycarbonates from spent lithium battery electrolytes via Im ZnCl3 catalysis, yielding flexible materials for green chemistry and recycling.
Hybrid polarimetry inverse synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Kumar Ajeet , Giusti Elisa , Martorella Marco 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) system exploits the movement of the target to form its high‐resolution image. Further, the multi‐polarisation acquisition in ISAR collects additional information on the target's scattering properties and surface characteristics that help to enhance the imaging capabilities of ISAR. In this study, we suggest a novel multi‐polarisation ISAR configuration based on the circular transmit and linear receive (CTLR) combination, namely CTLR hybrid‐pol ISAR, for the application of non‐cooperative target detection and imaging. The CTLR hybrid‐pol ISAR captures sufficient information about the targets to accurately characterise them, and simultaneously overcomes the drawbacks of full‐polarimetry (full‐pol) ISAR associated with the transmission of two pulses to obtain a single unit of polarimetric back‐scattered information. Validation is performed using real ISAR data of a T‐72 tank target, collected under the moving and stationary target acquisition and recognition (MSTAR) programme conducted by the Georgia Tech Research Institute. A comparative analysis based on SPAN, entropy, and polarimetric decomposition is carried out between the full‐pol ISAR and CTLR hybrid‐pol ISAR information. The results conclude that CTLR hybrid‐pol ISAR maintains a similar level of information content compared to full‐pol ISAR while overcoming its drawbacks.
Diagnostics of the spatial profile of atomic oxygen in the flowing afterglow of a microwave plasma as a result of variable gas flow conditions
Authors: Primc Gregor , Spasić Kosta , Zaplotnik Rok , Puač Nevena , Malović Gordana , Mozetič Miran , Petrović Zoran Lj 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The spatial profile of atomic oxygen in a cylindrical afterglow chamber with a height of 41 cm and an inner diameter of 30 cm was measured. The source of oxygen atoms was a remote microwave plasma operating at a discharge power of about 250 W. The gas flowed through a quartz-glass tube with inner and outer diameters of 3.8 and 6.0 mm, respectively. The exhaust of the quartz tube widened to cones of various geometries. The spatial distribution of atomic oxygen was determined for cones with an outer diameter of up to 40 mm. The tube with the widest cone (Tube 3) provided the largest O-atom density of 6 × 1020 m−3 in the upper part of the afterglow chamber away from the main gas stream in the pressure range from 50–200 Pa, while the tube (Tube 1) with the narrowest cone enabled an O-atom density of up to 2 × 1020 m−3. The differences in measured oxygen density for three tubes at positions ‘up’ and ‘down’ decreased with increasing pressure and were below the detection limit at pressures above 350 Pa. In the case of the ‘middle’ position, Tube 2 with an outer diameter of 19.3 mm exhibited a sharper decrease in oxygen density compared to Tube 1 and Tube 3. The O-atom density in the middle of the afterglow chamber increased with the increase in the percentage of pump valve opening at the lowest probed constant pressure of 40 Pa, but it stayed constant for the opening of the pump valve above 70%. For constant pressures above 100 Pa the O-atom density decreases with the larger pump valve opening. The pressure is kept constant by the corresponding increase in oxygen gas flow while increasing the percentage of the pump valve opening. The spatial profiles are explained by the effects of gas flow and diffusion.
First-principles predictions of ferromagnetism in monolayers of the 2D materials Cr2X4Y (X = S, Se; Y = Ga, Ge, In, Sn)
Authors: Guo Yujing , Zhou Haimei , Peng Yiran , Liu Yong , Wan Wenhui , Ge Yanfeng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Research on two-dimensional magnetic materials has gained significant attention in recent years owing to their unique thickness-dependent magnetism, tunable properties, and potential applications in spintronics, quantum computing, and next-generation data storage technologies. This study investigated the intrinsic ferromagnetic (FM) properties of Cr2X4Y (X = S, Se; Y = Ga, Ge, In, Sn) monolayers, with emphasis on their potential application in spintronic devices. Comprehensive stability analyses confirmed the feasibility of synthesizing these materials. Our results predict that all of these materials would exhibit robust ferromagnetism with magnetic moments of ∼4 µ

B
per Cr atom and high Curie temperatures (

T

c

) ranging from 170 K to 691 K, with Cr2S4Ga achieving the highest

T

c

. The FM behavior, attributed to superexchange interactions, remains stable under biaxial strain (−6% to 6%). Based on their electronic structures, half-metallicity is predicted for Cr2X4Y (Y = Ga, In), which enables 100% spin polarization, whereas Cr2X4Y (Y = Ge, Sn) are semiconductors with sizable band gaps. These findings indicate that the Cr2X4Y monolayers are promising candidates for room-temperature spintronic devices with tunable magnetic properties.
The dHvA effect in Sn-doped PbTe topological crystalline insulator
Authors: Miertschin Duncan , Nguyen Thinh , Zhang Shengzhi , Lee Minseong , Krishnamoorthi Sritharan , Kumar Ulaganathan Rajesh , Shankar Raman , Graf David E , Shrestha Keshav 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We report the synthesis, electrical transport, magnetotransport, and high-field torque magnetometry studies of the topological crystalline insulator Sn
x
Pb

1
−
x

Te (x = 0, 0.2, and 0.4). This material undergoes a topological phase transition from trivial to non-trivial at a critical doping of

x

c

= 0.35. The resistivity increases with applied magnetic field, displaying positive magnetoresistance (MR), which reaches up to 4500% at 14 T for PbTe. However, we did not observe Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations in the MR data. To observe quantum oscillations and explore the Fermi surface topology of this material, we conducted torque magnetometry experiments on samples both below (x = 0.2) and above (x = 0.4) the critical doping

x

c

= 0.35 with applied magnetic fields up to 35 T. The torque signal from both samples revealed clear de Haas–van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations above 15 T. These oscillations exhibited single dominant frequencies of 90 T for x = 0.2 and 51 T for x = 0.4, providing insights into the Fermi surface properties. Angular and temperature-dependent analyses of the dHvA oscillations were performed using Lifshitz–Kosevich theory to extract key physical parameters of the Fermi surface. Berry phase analysis based on Landau level fan diagrams revealed non-zero values for both x = 0.2 and x = 0.4, indicating non-trivial topological features. This study provides detailed insights into the quantum oscillations and Fermi surface properties of Sn-doped PbTe/Se compounds, contributing to a deeper understanding of topological crystalline materials and their broader implications for topological physics.
Morphology measurement of cylindrical lens based on the phase deflection method
Authors: Chen Yulong , Zhong Jianfeng , Feng Bin , Guo Haoyang , Tu Zengren , Zhong Jianhua , Zhong Shuncong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
When using transmission methods to measure the morphology of cylindrical lenses, the refraction of light at the front and rear surfaces of cylindrical lenses often makes it difficult to determine the light path. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a phase deflection method based on transmission to measure the surface morphology of cylindrical lenses. This method involves calculating the displacement of points with the same phase before and after the cylindrical lens is placed in the light path, and then deriving the corresponding thickness of the cylindrical lens at these points from the displacement. The feasibility of this method has been verified through simulations. Experimental measurements of the cylindrical lens morphology were compared with the optical coherence tomography system, yielding a standard error of 5.4 μm and a root mean square error of 6.2 μm, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared to existing methods, this approach significantly reduces the impact of refraction caused by the rear surface of the cylindrical lens after light transmission. Additionally, it eliminates the need for a camera lens, thereby removing the cumbersome step of camera calibration. Furthermore, interference fringes can be made very dense, enabling precise measurement of small lenses.
Plasma rotation and thermonuclear neutron emission estimates in JET deuterium tritium plasmas from neutron spectroscopy
Authors: Hägg Linus , Eriksson Jacob , Conroy Sean , Ericsson Göran , Kirov Krassimir , Andersson Sundén Erik ,   JET contributors
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Data from the magnetic proton recoil spectrometer (MPRu) high-resolution neutron spectrometer has been used to estimate two fusion plasma quantities, the plasma rotation and the thermonuclear neutron emission. This paper presents a framework for this method and the current results for a selection of plasma discharges from the JET DTE3 campaign. Data collection during DTE3 was preceded by a hardware upgrade in the form of new digitizers, and an update to the data reduction software. The method involves simulations with the TRANSP code, the DRESS code, and a detector response function. The plasma rotation and thermonuclear neutron emission are estimated through a fit of the simulated detector response to the MPRu measurement data. This exploratory analysis studied a selection of DTE3 discharges with high neutron rates. It was found that the rotation was typically in the range

1.5
×

10
5

to

2.5
×

10
5

rad s−1 and that neutrons from thermonuclear reactions constitute about 10%–30% of the total neutron emission. For the studied discharges, the neutron emissivity is strongly weighted to the plasma core. Due to the MPRu line of sight passing through the plasma core twice, the plasma rotation and the thermonuclear neutron emission are estimated in the core. This method has the potential to provide complementary data points to other diagnostics.
Reduced order hysteretic magnetization model for composite superconductors
Authors: Dular Julien , Verweij Arjan , Wozniak Mariusz 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we propose the Reduced Order Hysteretic Magnetization (ROHM) model to describe the magnetization and instantaneous power loss of composite superconductors subject to time-varying magnetic fields. Once the parameters of the ROHM model are fixed based on reference simulations, it allows to directly compute the macroscopic response of composite superconductors without the need to solve the detailed current density distribution. It can then be used as part of a homogenization method in large-scale superconducting models to significantly reduce the computational effort compared to detailed simulations. In this contribution, we focus on the case of a strand with twisted superconducting filaments subject to a time-varying transverse magnetic field. We propose two variations of the ROHM model: (i) a rate-independent model that reproduces hysteresis in the filaments, and (ii) a rate-dependent model that generalizes the first level by also reproducing dynamic effects due to coupling and eddy currents. We then describe the implementation and inclusion of the ROHM model in a finite element framework, discuss how to deduce the model parameters, and finally demonstrate the capabilities of the approach in terms of accuracy and efficiency over a wide range of excitation frequencies and amplitudes.
Investigation on the lubrication performance of micro-groove bearings considering journal misalignment and manufacturing errors
Authors: Li Peng , Wang Zengquan , Zhang Yan , Li Yaozong , Zhang Hao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The paper aims to examine the influence of journal misalignment and manufacturing errors on the lubrication performance of micro-groove bearings. Based on the film thickness equation considering the coupling factors of the surface profile and the mass conservation Reynolds equation, a lubrication model of journal bearings is developed. According to the numerical model, the lubrication performance of bearing considering different surface profile factors is systematically investigated, including journal misalignment with different degrees and angles, circumferential waviness with different amplitudes and numbers, axial errors with three radians of concavity, convexity and taper, and surface micro-groove with different distributions and shapes. Meanwhile, an experimental measurement is performed to verify the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical model. The results indicate that journal misalignment and manufacturing errors play a critical role in the bearing performance, and the analysis for micro-groove bearings considering the coupling factors of the surface profile is closer to the actual engineering. Additionally, the parameters of the micro-groove greatly affect friction reduction effect. By comparing surface micro-grooves with different distributions and shapes, it can be found that the straight-groove with suitable parameters can increase the bearing capacity and reduce the friction coefficient. Research results have great guidance significance for the optimum design of the surface micro-texture, especially for the further study of the lubrication performance of micro-groove bearings with the coupling factors of the surface profile.