bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric comparison of the shortened Fugl-Meyer Assessment and the streamlined Wolf Motor Function Test in stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Fu Tiffany Szu-Ting , Wu Ching-yi , Lin Keh-chung , Hsieh Ching-ju , Liu Jung-sen , Wang Tien-ni , Ou-yang Pei 
Published: December 2011

Objective: We aimed to compare the responsiveness, concurrent and predictive validity of the shortened Fugl-Meyer Assessment (S-FMA) and the streamlined Wolf Motor Function Test (S-WMFT) in persons with subacute stroke. Design: Test–retest design. Setting: Departments of physical medicine and rehabilitation at three hospitals. Participants: Participants with first-time stroke ( N = 51; 38 men, 13 women; mean age ± SD, 55.1 ± 11.7 years) based on scores of Mini-Mental State Examination and Brunnstrom stage. Interventions: Participants received one of three rehabilitation therapies for three weeks and were evaluated at baseline and end of treatment. Main outcome measures: Responsiveness was examined using the paired t-test and the standardized response mean (SRM). Criterion validity was investigated using the Pearson’s correlation coefficient ( r). Results: Changes from baseline to end of treatment assessed by both tests were significant ( P < 0.001). The value for responsiveness of the S-FMA was significantly higher than that of the S-WMFT (SRM difference, 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.23–0.63). There were stronger associations between the comparison scales and the S-FMA ( r = 0.57–0.68) than with the S-WMFT ( r = 0.39–0.58). Conclusions: The S-FMA had better concurrent and predictive validity than the S-WMFT and was more sensitive to changes caused by rehabilitation therapies. The S-FMA is recommended for expedited assessment of arm motor function outcome in stroke patients receiving rehabilitative therapy.
Understanding Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout: A survey of the hospice palliative care workforce
Authors: Slocum-Gori Suzanne , Hemsworth David , Chan Winnie WY , Carson Anna , Kazanjian Arminee 
Published: December 2011

Background: Despite the increasingly crucial role of the healthcare workforce and volunteers working in hospice and palliative care (HPC), very little is known about factors that promote or limit the positive outcomes associated with practicing compassion. Aim: The purpose of this study was to: 1) understand the complex relationships among Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout within the hospice and palliative care workforce and 2) explore how key practice characteristics – practice status, professional affiliation, and principal institution – interact with the measured constructs of Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout. Design: Self-reported measures of Compassion Satisfaction, Compassion Fatigue and Burnout, using validated scales, as well as questions to describe socio-demographic profiles and key practice characteristics were obtained. Setting/participants: A national survey of HPC workers, comprising clinical, administrative, allied health workers and volunteers, was completed. Respondents from hospital, community-based and care homes informed the results of our study ( n = 630). Results: Our results indicate a significant negative correlation between Compassion Satisfaction and Burnout ( r = −0.531, p < 0.001) and between Compassion Satisfaction and Compassion Fatigue ( r = −0.208, p < 0.001), and a significant positive correlation between Burnout and Compassion Fatigue ( r = 0.532, p < 0.001). Variations in self-reported levels of the above constructs were noted by key practice characteristics. Levels of all three constructs are significantly, but differentially, affected by type of service provided, principal institution, practice status and professional affiliation. Results indicate that health care systems could increase the prevalence of Compassion Satisfaction through both policy and institutional level programs to support HPC professionals in their jurisdictions.
Patient-perceived usefulness and practical obstacles of patient-held records for cancer patients in Japan: OPTIM study
Authors: Komura Kazue , Yamagishi Akemi , Akizuki Nobuya , Kawagoe Shohei , Kato Masashi , Morita Tatsuya , Eguchi Kenji 
Published: December 2011

Background: Although the use of a patient-held record (PHR) for cancer patients has been introduced in many settings, little is known about the role of the PHR in palliative care settings and use in Asian cultures. Aim: This study investigated the patient-perceived usefulness and practical obstacles of using the PHR specifically designed for palliative care patients. Design: This study adopted a qualitative design based on semi-structured interviews and content analysis. Setting/participants: Fifty cancer patients were recruited from two regions in Japan. They used the PHR for more than three months, and then were asked to participate in a face-to-face interview. Results: The content analysis revealed the following patient-perceived usefulness of the PHR: (1) increase in patient–staff communication; (2) increase in patient–family communication; (3) increase in patient–patient communication; (4) increase in understanding of medical conditions and treatments; and (5) facilitating end-of-life care discussion. The practical obstacles to using the PHR were also indicated: (1) the lack of adequate instruction about the role of the PHR; (2) undervaluing the role of the PHR and sharing information by medical professionals; (3) patients’ unwillingness to participate in decision making; (4) concerns about privacy; (5) burdensome nature of self-reporting; and (6) patients’ preference for their own ways of recording. Conclusions: The PHR can be helpful in facilitating communication, understanding medical conditions and treatments, and facilitating end-of-life care discussion; however, for wide-spread implementation, resolving the obstacles related to both patients and health-care professionals is required.
The Effect of Hypermobility on the Incidence of Injuries in Elite-Level Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Konopinski Matt D. , Jones Gareth J. , Johnson Mark I. 
Published: December 2011

Background: A recent meta-analysis found that generalized joint hypermobility is a risk factor for knee injuries during contact sports. The effect of hypermobility on the incidence of injuries in elite-level professional soccer players is not known. Purpose: To compare the incidence of injury between hypermobile and nonhypermobile elite-level male professional soccer players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Fifty-four players from an English Premier League soccer club were assessed for hypermobility, using the 9-point Beighton scale (threshold, 4 points or above), at the start of the 2009-2010 season. Time-loss injuries and individual exposure times were recorded during all club training sessions and matches throughout the entire season. Results: Mean ± standard deviation incidence of injuries was 11.52 ± 11.39 injuries/1000 h, and the prevalence of hypermobility was 33.3% (18 of 54 players). There were 133 injuries during 13 897.5 hours of exposure. During the season, hypermobile participants had a higher incidence of injuries (mean [95% confidence interval] difference, 15.65 [9.18-22.13] injuries/1000 h; P = .001) and were more likely to experience at least 1 injury, a reinjury, and a severe injury compared with nonhypermobile participants. There were 9 severe knee injuries in hypermobile participants, of which 6 were cartilage injuries. Conclusion: There was an increased incidence of injury in hypermobile elite-level professional soccer players from an English Premier League club, resulting in more missed days from training and match play. These findings suggest a need for routine screening for hypermobility in professional soccer.
Biomechanical Effects of Arthroscopic Capsulorrhaphy in Line With the Fibers of the Anterior Band of the Inferior Glenohumeral Ligament
Authors: Shapiro Todd A. , Gupta Akash , McGarry Michelle H. , Tibone James E. , Lee Thay Q. 
Published: December 2011

Background: There is no consensus as to the amount and direction of capsular plication necessary to correct anterior shoulder instability without overconstraining the joint. Hypothesis: An arthroscopic capsulorrhaphy in line with the fibers of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) in an anterior laxity model will restore glenohumeral kinematics to normal. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Six cadaveric specimens were tested in both the scapular and coronal plane in 3 conditions: intact, anterior instability, and plicated. The anterior instability model was created by stretching the shoulder 20% beyond the physiological external rotational range of motion, and plication was achieved by performing a 10-mm arthroscopic plication in line with the fibers of the anterior band of the IGHL. Results: Stretching significantly increased the rotational range of motion, while plication restored it back to that of the intact condition ( P < .05). There were few significant changes in humeral head apex position across all 3 testing conditions. Plication significantly reduced anterior translation compared with the stretched condition ( P < .05). Stretching and plication both significantly reduced contact area relative to the intact condition ( P < .05). There were no significant differences between any of the 3 conditions for contact pressure and only few significant differences between the conditions for contact peak pressure. Conclusion: A 10-mm capsular plication in line with the fibers of the anterior band of the IGHL effectively reduces capsular laxity without overconstraining the joint. Clinical Relevance: The fibers of the anterior band of the IGHL provide a useful arthroscopic anatomic landmark for the direction of anterior capsulorrhaphy.
The Employee Engagement Landscape and HRD
Authors: Shuck Brad , Reio Thomas G. 
Published: December 2011

The Problem. Employee engagement strategies are widely applied in practice, yet the construct remains underdeveloped in the human resource development (HRD) literature. This underdevelopment in the HRD scholarly community, combined with high levels of interest in the HRD practitioner community, highlights the need for closing the gap in theory, scholarship, and practice. To develop and support possible engagement-related interventions, HRD researchers and practitioners must be at the forefront of the emerging engagement conversation. The Solution. This article provides a definition and framework of employee engagement within the context of HRD, specifically in the areas of theory, scholarship, and practice. In addition, this article provides an overview of articles related to the latest thinking, research, and strategy development for generating employee engagement in practice found within this special issue. The Stakeholders. The intended audience for this article includes HRD scholars, scholar-practitioners, and practitioners interested in the development and use of employee engagement as an organizational performance and workplace culture -building strategy.
Antecedents to Employee Engagement
Authors: Wollard Karen Kelly , Shuck Brad 
Published: December 2011

The Problem. Employee engagement is an emerging concept in the HRD literature, with demonstrated organizational benefits; yet little is known about its antecedents. The purpose of this article is to explore conceptual and empirically driven antecedents as well as differentiate the two perspectives. The Solution. As a result of a structured literature review method, 42 antecedents were grouped by application at the individual and organizational level. The Stakeholders. HRD researchers seeking to conduct original research in organizations, and practitioners interested in creating greater levels of engagement in their organizations will find the discussion and implications sections and the index tool valuable.
The Assessment of a Multinational Using the Employee Work Passion Model
Authors: Nimon Kim , Zigarmi Drea 
Published: December 2011

The Problem. The current state of employee engagement literature highlights the need for theoretical models and comprehensive constructs that can be practically applied. Without such models and constructs, it is difficult for scholar practitioners to determine how to use the concept of engagement to diagnose and monitor organizational issues. The Solution. This article describes a process of assessing employee engagement using an operational definition supported by a social-cognitive model and instrumentation that considers both the job and the organizational factors that influence employee engagement. As such, the process reported addresses key limitations typically found in employee engagement literature. The Stakeholders. The intended audience for this article includes scholar practitioners interested in the assessment of and interventions associated with employee engagement.
Antibody-dependent anti-cytomegalovirus activity of human γδ T cells expressing CD16 (FcγRIIIa)
Authors: Couzi Lionel , Pitard Vincent , Sicard Xavier , Garrigue Isabelle , Hawchar Omar , Merville Pierre , Moreau Jean-François , Déchanet-Merville Julie 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in transplant recipients. Long-term protective immunity against HCMV requires both sustained specific T-cell response and neutralizing IgG production, but the interplay between these effector arms remains poorly defined. We previously demonstrated that γδ T cells play a substantial role as anti-HCMV T-cell effectors. The observation that CD16 (FcγRIIIA) was specifically expressed by the majority of HCMV-induced γδ T cells prompted us to investigate their cooperation with anti-HCMV IgG. We found that CD16 could stimulate γδ T cells independently of T-cell receptor (TCR) engagement and provide them with an intrinsic antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) potential. Although CD16+γδ T cells did not mediate ADCC against HCMV-infected cells, in accordance with the low level of anti-HCMV IgGs recognizing infected cells, they produced IFNγ when incubated with IgG-opsonized virions. This CD16-induced IFNγ production was greatly enhanced by IL12 and IFNα, 2 cytokines produced during HCMV infection, and conferred to γδ T cells the ability to inhibit HCMV multiplication in vitro. Taken together, these data identify a new antiviral function for γδ T cells through cooperation with anti-HCMV IgG that could contribute to surveillance of HCMV reactivation in transplant recipients.
Morbidity and mortality in common variable immune deficiency over 4 decades
Authors: Resnick Elena S. , Moshier Erin L. , Godbold James H. , Cunningham-Rundles Charlotte 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The demographics, immunologic parameters, medical complications, and mortality statistics from 473 subjects with common variable immune deficiency followed over 4 decades in New York were analyzed. Median immunoglobulin levels were IgG, 246 mg/dL; IgA, 8 mg/dL; and IgM, 21 mg/dL; 22.6% had an IgG less than 100 mg/dL. Males were diagnosed earlier (median age, 30 years) than females (median age, 33.5 years; P = .004). Ninety-four percent of patients had a history of infections; 68% also had noninfectious complications: hematologic or organ-specific autoimmunity, 28.6%; chronic lung disease, 28.5%; bronchiectasis, 11.2%; gastrointestinal inflammatory disease, 15.4%; malabsorption, 5.9%; granulomatous disease, 9.7%; liver diseases and hepatitis, 9.1%; lymphoma, 8.2%; or other cancers, 7.0%. Females had higher baseline serum IgM (P = .009) and were more likely to develop lymphoma (P = .04); 19.6% of patients died, a significantly shorter survival than age- and sex-matched population controls (P < .0001). Reduced survival was associated with age at diagnosis, lower baseline IgG, higher IgM, and fewer peripheral B cells. The risk of death was 11 times higher for patients with noninfectious complications (hazard ratio = 10.95; P < .0001). Mortality was associated with lymphoma, any form of hepatitis, functional or structural lung impairment, and gastrointestinal disease with or without malabsorption, but not with bronchiectasis, autoimmunity, other cancers, granulomatous disease, or previous splenectomy.
Model systems of genetically modified platelets
Authors: Thijs Tim , Deckmyn Hans , Broos Katleen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlthough platelets are the smallest cells in the blood, they are implied in various processes ranging from immunology and oncology to thrombosis and hemostasis. Many large-scale screening programs, genome-wide association, and “omics” studies have generated lists of genes and loci that are probably involved in the formation or physiology of platelets under normal and pathologic conditions. This creates an increasing demand for new and improved model systems that allow functional assessment of the corresponding gene products in vivo. Such animal models not only render invaluable insight in the platelet biology, but in addition, provide improved test systems for the validation of newly developed anti-thrombotics. This review summarizes the most important models to generate transgenic platelets and to study their influence on platelet physiology in vivo. Here we focus on the zebrafish morpholino oligonucleotide technology, the (platelet-specific) knockout mouse, and the transplantation of genetically modified human or murine platelet progenitor cells in myelo-conditioned mice. The various strengths and pitfalls of these animal models are illustrated by recent examples from the platelet field. Finally, we highlight the latest developments in genetic engineering techniques and their possible application in platelet research.
The Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor PCI-32765 thwarts chronic lymphocytic leukemia cell survival and tissue homing in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ponader Sabine , Chen Shih-Shih , Buggy Joseph J. , Balakrishnan Kumudha , Gandhi Varsha , Wierda William G. , Keating Michael J. , O'Brien Susan , Chiorazzi Nicholas , Burger Jan A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractB-cell receptor (BCR) signaling is a critical pathway in the pathogenesis of several B-cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and can be targeted by inhibitors of BCR-associated kinases, such as Bruton tyrosine kinase (Btk). PCI-32765, a selective, irreversible Btk inhibitor, is a novel, molecularly targeted agent for patients with B-cell malignancies, and is particularly active in patients with CLL. In this study, we analyzed the mechanism of action of PCI-32765 in CLL, using in vitro and in vivo models, and performed correlative studies on specimens from patients receiving therapy with PCI-32765. PCI-32765 significantly inhibited CLL cell survival, DNA synthesis, and migration in response to tissue homing chemokines (CXCL12, CXCL13). PCI-32765 also down-regulated secretion of BCR-dependent chemokines (CCL3, CCL4) by the CLL cells, both in vitro and in vivo. In an adoptive transfer TCL1 mouse model of CLL, PCI-32765 affected disease progression. In this model, PCI-32765 caused a transient early lymphocytosis, and profoundly inhibited CLL progression, as assessed by weight, development, and extent of hepatospenomegaly, and survival. Our data demonstrate that PCI-32765 effectively inhibits CLL cell migration and survival, possibly explaining some of the characteristic clinical activity of this new targeted agent.
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor variants associated with susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Jing , Summah Hanssa , Zhu Ying-gang , Qu Jie-Ming 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
Only 10-15% of smokers develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) which indicates genetic susceptibility to the disease. Recent studies suggested an association between COPD and polymorphisms in CHRNA coding subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to clarify the impact of CHRNA variants on COPD.

Methods
We searched Web of Knowledge and Medline from 1990 through June 2011 for COPD gene studies reporting variants on CHRNA. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using the major allele or genotype as reference group.

Results
Among seven reported variants in CHRNA, rs1051730 was finally analyzed with sufficient studies. Totally 3460 COPD and 11437 controls from 7 individual studies were pooled-analyzed. A-allele of rs1051730 was associated with an increased risk of COPD regardless of smoking exposure (pooled OR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.18-1.34, p < 10-5). At the genotypic level, the ORs gradually increased per A-allele (OR = 1.27 and 1.50 for GA and AA respectively, p < 10-5). Besides, AA genotype exhibited an association with reduced FEV1% predicted (mean difference 3.51%, 95%CI 0.87-6.16%, p = 0.009) and increased risk of emphysema (OR 1.93, 95%CI 1.29-2.90, p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that rs1051730 in CHRNA is a susceptibility variant for COPD, in terms of both airway obstruction and parenchyma destruction.
NanoStriDE: normalization and differential expression analysis of NanoString nCounter data
Authors: Brumbaugh Christopher D , Kim Hyunsung J , Giovacchini Mario , Pourmand Nader 
Published: December 2011

Abstract

Background
The nCounter analysis system (NanoString Technologies, Seattle, WA) is a technology that enables the digital quantification of multiplexed target RNA molecules using color-coded molecular barcodes and single-molecule imaging. This system gives discrete counts of RNA transcripts and is capable of providing a high level of precision and sensitivity at less than one transcript copy per cell.

Results
We have designed a web application compatible with any modern web browser that accepts the raw count data produced by the NanoString nCounter analysis system, normalizes it according to guidelines provided by NanoString Technologies, performs differential expression analysis on the normalized data, and provides a heatmap of the results from the differential expression analysis.

Conclusion
NanoStriDE allows biologists to take raw data produced by a NanoString nCounter analysis system and easily interpret differential expression analysis of this data represented through a heatmap. NanoStriDE is freely accessible to use on the NanoStriDE website and is available to use under the GPL v2 license.