bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells on biodegradable polymer scaffolds: An in vitro study
Authors: Xue Ying , Dånmark Staffan , Xing Zhe , Arvidson Kristina , Albertsson Ann‐Christine , Hellem Sølve , Finne‐Wistrand Anna , Mustafa Kamal 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA fundamental component of bone tissue engineering is an appropriate scaffold as a carrier for osteogenic cells. The aim of the study was to evaluate the response of human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) to scaffolds made of three biodegradable polymers: poly(L‐lactide‐co‐ε‐caprolactone) (poly(LLA‐co‐CL)), poly(L‐lactide‐co‐1,5dioxepan‐2‐one) (poly(LLA‐co‐DXO)), and poly(L‐lactide) (poly(LLA)). Cellular response was evaluated in terms of attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. SEM disclosed earlier cell attachment and better spreading on poly(LLA‐co‐CL) and poly(LLA‐co‐DXO) scaffolds than on poly(LLA) after 1 h. At 24 h and 14 days postseeding, BMSCs had spread well, forming multiple cellular layers on the scaffolds. Cell proliferation was higher on poly(LLA‐co‐CL) and on poly(LLA‐co‐DXO) than on poly(LLA) after 1 and 7 days. Cell growth cycles of BMSC were longer on the scaffolds than on coverslips. After 7 and 14 days cultivation on scaffolds, the expression of osteogenic markers such as ALP, Col I, OPN, and Runx2 were stimulated by BMSC, which indicating that poly(LLA‐co‐DXO), poly(LLA‐co‐CL), and poly(LLA) could support the osteogenic differentiation of BMSC in vitro. Poly(LLA‐co‐CL) and poly(LLA‐co‐DXO) promoted better attachment and growth of BMSC than poly(LLA). BMSC also retained their osteogenic differentiation potential, indicating biological activity of BMSC on the scaffolds. The promising results of this in vitro study indicate that these copolymers warrant further evaluation for potential application in bone tissue engineering. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells onto highly adherent radio frequency‐sputtered carbonated hydroxylapatite thin films
Authors: Sima Livia E. , Stan George E. , Morosanu Constantin O. , Melinescu Alina , Ianculescu Adelina , Melinte Razvan , Neamtu Johny , Petrescu Stefana M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this work, an improved version of the radio frequency magnetron sputtering (RF‐MS) technique was used to prepare highly adherent B‐type carbonated hydroxylapatite (B‐CHA) thin films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and grazing incidence X‐ray diffraction studies proved that the coatings maintained the composition and revealed the polycrystalline structure of HA. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the CHA films are rough and exhibit a homogeneous microstructure. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping demonstrated a uniform distribution of the Ca and P cations while a Ca/P ratio of 1.8 was found. In addition, the FTIR experiments showed a remarkable reproducibility of the nanostructures. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs),in vitrodifferentiated osteoblasts, and explanted bone cells were grown over the surface of CHA coatings for periods between a few hours and 21 days. Osteoprogenitor cells maintained viability and characteristic morphology after adhesion on CHA coatings. Ki67‐positive osteoblasts were the evidence of cell proliferation events. Cells showed positive staining for markers of osteoblast phenotype such as collagen type I, bone sialoprotein and osteonectin. Our data showed the formation of mineralized foci by differentiation of hMSCs to human primary osteoblasts after cultivation in osteogenic media on RF‐sputtered films. The results demonstrate the capacity of B‐type CHA coating to support MSCs adhesion and osteogenic differentiation ability. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Glycogen synthase kinase-3α/β inhibition promotes in vivo amplification of endogenous mesenchymal progenitors with osteogenic and adipogenic potential and their differentiation to the osteogenic lineage
Authors: Gambardella Alessandra , Nagaraju Chandan K , O'Shea Patrick J , Mohanty Sindhu T , Kottam Lucksy , Pilling James , Sullivan Michael , Djerbi Mounira , Koopmann Witte , Croucher Peter I , Bellantuono Ilaria 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Small molecules are attractive therapeutics to amplify and direct differentiation of stem cells. They also can be used to understand the regulation of their fate by interfering with specific signaling pathways. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into several cell types, including osteoblasts. Activation of canonical Wnt signaling by inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) has been shown to enhance bone mass, possibly by involving a number of mechanisms ranging from amplification of the mesenchymal stem cell pool to the commitment and differentiation of osteoblasts. Here we have used a highly specific novel inhibitor of GSK-3, AR28, capable of inducing β-catenin nuclear translocation and enhanced bone mass after 14 days of treatment in BALB/c mice. We have shown a temporally regulated increase in the number of colony-forming units–osteoblast (CFU-O) and –adipocyte (CFU-A) but not colony-forming units–fibroblast (CFU-F) in mice treated for 3 days. However, the number of CFU-O and CFU-A returned to normal levels after 14 days of treatment, and the number of CFU-F was decreased significantly. In contrast, the number of osteoblasts increased significantly only after 14 days of treatment, and this was seen together with a significant decrease in bone marrow adiposity. These data suggest that the increased bone mass is the result of an early temporal wave of amplification of a subpopulation of MSCs with both osteogenic and adipogenic potential, which is driven to osteoblast differentiation at the expense of adipogenesis. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Rab27a and Rab27b are involved in stimulation-dependent RANKL release from secretory lysosomes in osteoblastic cells
Authors: Kariya Yoshiaki , Honma Masashi , Hanamura Akiko , Aoki Shigeki , Ninomiya Tadashi , Nakamichi Yuko , Udagawa Nobuyuki , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The quantity of the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expressed at the cell surface of osteoblastic cells is an important factor regulating osteoclast activation. Previously, RANKL was found to be localized to secretory lysosomes in osteoblastic cells and to translocate to the cell surface in response to stimulation with RANK-Fc-conjugated beads. However, the in vivo significance of stimulation-dependent RANKL release has not been elucidated. In this study we show that small GTPases Rab27a and Rab27b are involved in the stimulation-dependent RANKL release pathway in osteoblastic cells. Suppression of either Rab27a or Rab27b resulted in a marked reduction in RANKL release after stimulation. Slp4-a, Slp5, and Munc13-4 acted as effector molecules that coordinated Rab27a/b activity in this pathway. Suppression of Rab27a/b or these effector molecules did not inhibit accumulation of RANKL in lysosomal vesicles around the stimulated sites but did inhibit the fusion of these vesicles to the plasma membrane. In osteoblastic cells, suppression of the effector molecules resulted in reduced osteoclastogenic ability. Furthermore, Jinx mice, which lack a functional Munc13-4 gene, exhibited a phenotype characterized by increased bone volume near the tibial metaphysis caused by low bone resorptive activity. In conclusion, stimulation-dependent RANKL release is mediated by Rab27a/b and their effector molecules, and this mechanism may be important for osteoclast activation in vivo. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Blockade of receptor-activated Gi signaling in osteoblasts in vivo leads to site-specific increases in cortical and cancellous bone formation
Authors: Millard Susan M , Louie Alyssa M , Wattanachanya Lalita , Wronski Thomas J , Conklin Bruce R , Nissenson Robert A 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Osteoblasts play a critical role in the maintenance of bone mass through bone formation and regulation of bone resorption. Targeted expression of a constitutively active engineered Gi-coupled G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) to osteoblasts in vivo leads to severe osteopenia. However, little is known about the role of endogenous receptor-mediated Gi signaling in regulating osteoblast function. In this study, we investigated the skeletal effects of blocking Gi-coupled signaling in osteoblasts in vivo. This was accomplished by transgenic expression of the catalytic subunit of pertussis toxin (PTX) under control of the collagen Iα 2.3-kb promoter. These mice, designated Col1(2.3)+/PTX+, showed increased cortical thickness at the femoral midshaft at 12 weeks of age. This correlated with increased periosteal bone formation associated with expanded mineralizing surface observed in 8-week-old mice of both genders. The cancellous bone phenotype of the Col1(2.3)+/PTX+ mice was sexually dimorphic, with increases in fractional bone volume at the distal femur seen only in females. Similarly, while cancellous bone-formation rates were unchanged in males, they could not be quantified for female Col1(2.3)+/PTX+ mice owing to the disorganized nature of the labeling pattern, which was consistent with rapid formation of woven bone. Alterations in osteoclast activity did not appear to participate in the phenotype. These data demonstrate that Gi-coupled signaling by GPCRs endogenous to osteoblasts plays a complex role in the regulation of bone formation in a manner that is dependent on both gender and the anatomic site within bone. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Imaginative, dissociative, and schizotypal processes in obsessive‐compulsive symptoms
Authors: Aardema Frederick , Wu Kevin D. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study investigates imaginative, dissociative, and schizotypal processes that are potentially relevant to obsessive‐compulsive (OC) symptoms. Students (n = 377) completed questionnaires that assessed inferential confusion, absorption, schizotypal personality, and other domains. Hierarchical regression revealed that inferential confusion and absorption were the most consistent predictors of OC symptoms; other content predicted variance for specific OC symptoms. For example, schizotypal personality predicted checking and hoarding symptoms, but not cleanliness or ordering rituals. Immersive tendencies predicted cleanliness and hoarding but not checking or ordering rituals. Results are consistent with an inference‐based model of OC, in which an overreliance on imagination during reasoning gives rise to experiences that are inconsistent with reality. This study suggests additional domains that may help explain why intrusive thoughts become obsessions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 67:1–8, 2010.
Determining readiness for predoctoral internship training: the process of developing a screening measure
Authors: Power Thomas J. , Robins Paul M. , Watkins Marley W. , Rourke Mary T. , Alderfer Melissa A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to illustrate the development of a screening measure to assess readiness for psychology internship training. The screening measure was comprised 13 items rated on a 4‐point scale. Two program faculty members reviewed the application of each candidate independently. Psychologists were arbitrarily assigned to belong to reviewer group 1 or 2. Data from group 1 were subjected to exploratory factor analysis; data from group 2 were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis. Two factors were identified and confirmed: Factor I comprised 6 items referring to core competencies, and Factor II comprised 4 items referring to relevant background experiences. Correlations between raters at the factor and item level generally were in the moderate range. This study illustrates the process of developing a screening measure to help determine readiness for internship training. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 67:1–6, 2010.
Ultrastructural aspects of lingual papillae in squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus)
Authors: Branco Erika , Guimarães Juliana Plácido , Miglino Maria Angelica , Lacreta Antǒnio Carlos Cunha , Ishizaki Mirian Naomi , Gomes Bruno Duarte , Muniz José Augusto Pereira Carneiro , Imbeloni Aline , Fioretto Emerson Ticona , De Lima Ana Rita 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSaimiri sciureus is one of the smallest Cebidae native of Amazon region and also found at the biological reserve of northeast Atlantic forest. It is an omnivore animal, with diversified diet that directly influences the lingual mucosa, which includes certain types of papillae with different organization levels. The present study attempted to describe the morphological and ultrastructure aspects of the dorsal surface of the S. sciureus. Five tongues of de S. sciureus were analyzed from three males and two females who died from natural causes and were obtained from breeding colonies of CENP‐Ananindeua‐PA. Main macroscopic features were a general triangular shape with a craniocaudal elongation pointed apex. Tissue samples—apex, body, and root of tongue—were fixed in modified Karnovsky solution, following standard scanning protocol, mounted in stubs, coated by gold, and analyzed by Scanning Electron Macroscopy (SEM). Four types of papillae were described: filiform (along all tissue extension with 154 μm of diameter), fungiform (along all tissue extension with 272 μm of diameter), vallate [just three units in caudal (dorsal) portion with 830 μm of diameter] and foliate (one pair at caudolateral surface with ∼13 projections and 3000 μm in length). Data analysis indicates that the distribution and ultra structural morphology of the S. sciureus lingual papillae are some similar to other primates. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Changes in intracellular calcium concentration in crustacean (Callinectes sapidus) Y‐organs: relation to the hemolymphatic ecdysteroid titer
Authors: Chen Hsiang‐Yin , Watson R. Douglas 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSecretion of ecdysteroid molting hormones by crustacean Y‐organs is negatively regulated (inhibited) by molt‐inhibiting hormone (MIH), a neuropeptide produced by neurosecretory cells in eyestalk ganglia. The inhibitory effect of MIH is mediated by one or more cyclic nucleotide second messengers. In addition, available data indicate that ecdysteroidogenesis is positively regulated (stimulated) by intracellular calcium. However, despite the apparent critical role of calcium in regulating ecdysteroidogenesis, the level of Ca2+ in Y‐organs cells has not been previously determined. In studies reported here, eyestalks were ablated from blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) to remove the endogenous source of MIH and activate Y‐organs. At 0, 3, 6, and 9 days after eyestalk ablation (D0, D3, D6, and D9, respectively), the level of Ca2+ in Y‐organ cells was determined using a fluorescent calcium indicator (Fluo‐4), and the hemolymphatic ecdysteroid titer was determined by radioimmunoassay. Calcium fluorescence in D6 Y‐organs was 3.5‐fold higher than that in D0 controls; calcium fluorescence in D9 Y‐organs was 3.9‐fold higher than in D0 controls (P<0.05). Measurement of fluorescence along a transect drawn through representative cells indicated that the calcium fluorescence was localized to cytoplasm and not to nuclei. Associated with the increase in intracellular Ca2+ was a significant increase in the hemolymphatic ecdysteroid titer: The level of ecdysteroids in hemolymph rose from 5.5 ng/mL on D0 to 49.6 ng/mL on D6 and 87.2 ng/mL on D9 (P<0.05). The results are consistent with the hypothesis that ecdysteroidogenesis is stimulated by an increase in intracellular Ca2+. J. Exp. Zool. 315:56–60, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlation of matrix metalloproteinases‐2 and ‐9 with proinflammatory cytokines in Guillain‐Barré syndrome
Authors: Nyati Kishan K. , Prasad Kashi N. , Verma Avantika , Paliwal Vimal K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and cytokines in the pathogenesis of Guillain‐Barré syndrome (GBS) largely remains unknown. We studied the role of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) in disease progression and recovery of patients with GBS. Sixty‐five patients with GBS and 68 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Serum levels of MMP‐2, MMP‐9, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β were analyzed by ELISA, and activities of MMPs were measured by zymography. Expression of MMP‐9, TNF‐α, and IL‐1β was higher in the progressive phase and lower in the recovery phase of GBS than in controls. A positive correlation of MMP‐2 with IL‐1β and MMP‐9 with TNF‐α and IL‐1β was observed with progressive‐phase GBS. The study shows that up‐regulation of MMP‐9 along with proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐1β) in the early course appears to be associated with immune‐mediated disease progression resulting from inflammation in the peripheral nervous system, whereas, during the later phase, down‐regulation of MMP‐9 and proinflammatory cytokines is implicated in recovery from the disease. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The role of Dkk1 in bone mass regulation: Correlating serum Dkk1 expression with bone mineral density
Authors: Butler Joseph S. , Murray David W. , Hurson Conor J. , O'Brien Julie , Doran Peter P. , O'Byrne John M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe Wnt/β‐catenin pathway is a major signaling cascade in bone biology, playing a key role in regulating bone development and remodeling, with aberrations in signaling resulting in disturbances in bone mass. The objectives of our study were to correlate serum Dkk1 expression with bone mineral density (BMD) and assess the potential role of Dkk1 as a serological marker of bone mass. Serum was collected from a cohort of patients (n = 36), 18 patients with a reduced BMD and 18 control patients. Serum Dkk1 expression as quantified by ELISA was correlated with lumbar and femoral t‐ and z‐scores. Serum Dkk1 concentration in the osteoporosis group was significantly higher than control group (941 ± 116 vs. 558 ± 47 pg/ml, p < 0.01). Serum Dkk1 expression was highly correlated with bone mass variables with inverse associations found between serum Dkk1 expression and lumbar t‐score (r = −0.34, p = 0.00433), lumbar z‐score (r = −0.22, p = 0.1907), femur t‐score (r = −0.42, p = 0.0101), and femur z‐score (r = −0.43, p = 0.0089). Our data further emphasizes the pivotal role played by Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in bone mass regulation. Dkk1, a powerful antagonist of canonical Wnt signaling, may have a role to play as a serological marker for disorders of bone mass, warranting further evaluation. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:414–418, 2011
The effects of irrigation and cultivation on the quality of desert soil in central Iran
Authors: Fallahzade J. , Hajabbasi M.A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCultivation of irrigated desert soils in Central Iran is one way of utilizing under‐exploited land to produce more food. This study explores the value of soil quality indicators as measures when converting desert to croplands. Soil samples from unfarmed desert, wheat and alfalfa sites in the Abarkooh Plain (Central Iran) were taken from 0–10, 10–20 and 20–30 cm depths. Soil quality indicators including organic carbon, total nitrogen, carbohydrate, particulate organic carbon (POC) in aggregate fractions, and aggregate water‐stability were determined. The desert soils contained organic carbon of 0·26–0·56 g kg−1, total nitrogen of 0·05–0·08 g kg−1 and carbohydrate of 0·03–0·11 g kg−1 at 0–30 cm depth. Across this depth, the contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen and carbohydrate in wheat were about 3–7, 2–3 and 6–26‐times higher than those of desert soils, respectively. These values for alfalfa were 5–12, 3–4 and 7–35 times, respectively. The POC (near zero in desert soils) and generally other soil quality indicators showed greater improvement in alfalfa than in wheat fields. The results indicated a significant decrease in proportion of the fraction <0·05 mm in cultivated soils, whereas the proportion of the large aggregate size classes (2–4 and 1–2 mm) was increased by irrigation and cultivation. A significant improvement in aggregate water‐stability was observed in cultivated soils. At all depths, a large portion of the total soil organic carbon was stored in the fractions <0·05 mm for desert and macroaggregates (0·25–2 mm) for cultivated soils. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Carotinoide in der Gesamtnahrung–Bestimmung der täglichen Zufuhrmenge an individuellen Derivaten
Authors: Müller H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWurde in der Vergangenheit dem β‐Carotin als Provitamin A das Hauptaugenmerk bei der Carotinbestimmung und ‐bewertung im Lebensmittel pflanzlicher Herkunft geschenkt, so sind heute aueh alle anderen Carotinoide (Carotine und Xanthophylle) von Interesse, nachdem deren antioxidative Eigensehaften (Radikalfänger‐Fähigkeit). die zunächst nur den antioxidativen Vitaminen A, C und E zugesproehen worden waren, erkannt wurden. Diese drei Vitamine und die Carotine/Carotinoide werden heute im Zusammenhang einer Verminderung des Risikos. an versehiedenen Krebsarten zu erkranken. diskutiert. wie aus experimentellen Untersuchungen und epidemiologisehen Studien heivorgegangen ist. Die diskutierte notwendige oder zu empfehlende Zufuhrmenge liegt bei mindestens 2 mg täglicher Aufnahme an β‐Carotin. In weleher Weise eine gängige Ernährung mit einer ausgewogenen Kostzusammensetzung unter haushaltsüblicher Speisenzubereitung dazu beiträgt. diese Zufuhrmenge zu erreichen. war das Ziel diesei Untersuehungen. Die qualitative und quantitative Bestimmung der einzelnen Carotinoide in den Gesamtnahrungsproben erfolgte mit Hilfe der HPLC. Neben β‐Carotin wurden α‐Carotin. Lyeopin, Lutein. Antheraxanthin. Zeaxanthin. β‐Cryptoxanthin, α‐Cryptoxanthin, Violaxantliin und Neoxanthin quantifiziert.
Determination of the Petroselinic Acid in Seeds of Coriandrum sativum by Gas Liquid Chromatography as n‐Butyl Esters
Authors: Thies W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOleic acid (18:1 n9), vaccenic acid (18:1 n7). and petroselinic acid (18:1 n12) can not be separated by gas chromatography (GLC) as their methylesters. But separations of their n‐butyl esters are feasible. With 0.1 mol Na‐tert‐butanol as catalyst, dissolved in n‐butanol, an extraction from the seed grist and simultaneous transbutylation of the lipids can be achieved within 20 min at room temperature. Using a capillary column (60 m DB‐23, 0.25 μ, J&W, No. 122‐2362), hydrogen as carrier gas and an oven temperature of 220° C, one analysis can be performed within 13 min.
Neue quantitative Methoden zur Beurteilung von Veränderungen der Peroxidzahl im Sojaöl
Authors: Kondratowicz‐Pietruszka El'Zbieta , Ostasz Lidia 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEs werden neue Methoden zur quantitativen Bestimmung des Mechanismus des Anstiegs von LOO(t) in der Anfangsphase der Sojaöl‐Oxidation vorgestellt. Weiterhin werden einfache Modelle zur Beschreibung der Geschwindigkeit des Anstiegs von LOO(t), die sich aus dem verallgemeinerten Schema des Mechanismus ergeben, behandelt. Am Beispiel des Anstiegs von LOO(t) im Sojaöl werden die Methoden zur Ermittlung der Funktionsordnung n, zur Bestimmung der Geschwindigkeitskonstanten des Anstiegs von LOO(t), zur Berechnung der spezifischen Geschwindigkeiten V(T) sowic zur Bestimmung der unitären Geschwindigkeiten Vu(t) erörtert. Die vorgestellten Analysenmethoden können zur Beurteilung von Forschungsergebnissen und der in der Praxis angewandien Methoden dienen.