bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ERCC5/XPG, ERCC1, and BRCA1 gene status and clinical benefit of trabectedin in patients with soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Italiano Antoine , Laurand Armelle , Laroche Audrey , Casali Paolo , Sanfilippo Roberta , Le Cesne Axel , Judson Ian , Blay Jean‐Yves , Ray‐Coquard Isabelle , Bui Binh , Coindre Jean‐Michel , Nieto Antonio , Tercero Juan‐Carlos , Jimeno Jose , Robert Jacques , Pourquier Philippe 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to determine whether specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from nucleotide excision repair (NER) and homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathways are associated with sensitivity to trabectedin in patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS).METHODS:The authors analyzed excision repair cross‐complementation group 5/xeroderma pigmentosum group G (ERCC5/XPG) (NER), excision repair cross‐complementation group 1 (ERCC1) (NER), and breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) (HR) SNPs and messenger RNA expression levels in tumor specimens from 113 patients with advanced STS who were enrolled in previously published phase 2 trials or in a compassionate‐use program. The 6‐month progression‐free rate (PFR), progression‐free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed according to ERCC5, ERCC1, and BRCA1 status using log‐rank tests.RESULTS:High expression of the common allele (aspartic acid at codon 1104) of ERCC5, high expression of ERCC1, and BRCA1 haplotype were associated significantly with improved PFR, PFS, and OS. The ERCC1 thymine‐to‐cytosine (T→C) SNP at codon 19007 and BRCA1 expression were not associated with outcome. On univariate analysis, tumor histology, favorable NER status (high expression of common ERCC5 and/or high ERCC1 expression status), and favorable BRCA1 haplotype (at least 1 triple‐adenine plus guanine [AAAG] allele) were the sole variables associated significantly with PFS and OS.CONCLUSIONS:In the current study, ERCC5, ERCC1, and BRCA1 status represented a potential DNA repair signature that could be used for the prediction of clinical response to trabectedin in patients with STS. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Trends in the use of implantable accelerated partial breast irradiation therapy for early stage breast cancer in the United States
Authors: Abbott Andrea M. , Habermann Elizabeth B. , Tuttle Todd M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:In 2002, the US Food and Drug Administration approved an implantable balloon catheter that delivers accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) after breast‐conserving surgery (BCS). The objective of the current study was to determine the use of implantable APBI (IAPBI) in the United States and factors associated with IAPBI use.METHODS:By using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, the authors conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who received whole‐breast radiotherapy (WBRT) or IAPBI after BCS for ductal carcinoma in situ, AJCC stage I, or stage II breast cancer from 2000 to 2007. WBRT and IAPBI rates were determined across time and demographic and tumor factors using chi‐square tests and Cochran‐Armitage tests for trend for the unadjusted analyses.RESULTS:A total of 127,257 patients who met inclusion criteria were identified. Over the study period, the proportion of patients receiving IAPBI increased by 1600% (from 0.4% in 2000 to 6.8% in 2007; P <.001). This trend remained significant when using logistic regression (odds ratio, 20.3; 95% confidence interval, 15.5‐26.6). The increase in IAPBI use was statistically significant across all stage and age categories >40 years (P <.001). The use of IAPBI was most notable in older women (ages 70‐79 years), with a >2100% increase in use noted during the study period (0.4% in 2000 vs 9.0% in 2007; P <.001). The authors also found significant variation in IAPBI use by region.CONCLUSIONS:IAPBI use has markedly increased since 2000, particularly in the elderly population. The rapid and widespread adoption of IAPBI is concerning, because large multicenter randomized controlled trials have not yet demonstrated the long‐term effectiveness of IAPBI compared with WBRT. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
TTF‐1 and Napsin A double stain
Authors: Fatima Nazneen , Cohen Cynthia , Lawson Diane , Siddiqui Momin T. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for thyroid transcription factor‐1 (TTF‐1) is used to confirm the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma. Napsin A also has shown positivity in lung adenocarcinoma. A combined double stain for TTF‐1 and napsin A has been proposed to achieve higher sensitivity and specificity. In this study, the authors evaluated the utility of this double stain in the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma in cell blocks of fine‐needle aspirates (FNA).METHODS:The authors used a cohort comprising 35 FNA cell blocks of lung adenocarcinoma and 24 FNA cell blocks of lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA). IHC was performed; expressions of TTF‐1 as brown nuclear stain and of napsin A as red cytoplasmic stain were identified.RESULTS:Twenty‐six of 35 (74%) lung adenocarcinomas were positive for double staining with TTF‐1/napsin A. Of 35 lung adenocarcinomas, only 2 (5%) were positive for TTF‐1 alone and 3 (8%) were positive for napsin A alone. For the double stain TTF‐1/napsin A, 3 of 24 (12%) lung SqCCAs were positive for both. Six of 24 (25%) cases were positive for TTF‐1 alone, and none were positive for napsin A alone. For lung adenocarcinoma, TTF‐1/napsin A has a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 87%, accuracy of 79%, and a positive predictive value of 89%.CONCLUSIONS:The double IHC stain, TTF‐1/napsin A, for the identification of pulmonary adenocarcinoma in FNA cell block materials was diagnostically useful. The use of napsin A alone demonstrated a greater degree of accuracy and appeared diagnostically useful as a single IHC stain. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Action functional and quasi‐potential for the burgers equation in a bounded interval
Authors: Bertini Lorenzo , De Sole Alberto , Gabrielli Davide , Jona‐Lasinio Giovanni , Landim Claudio 
Published: February 2011

AbstractConsider the viscous Burgers equation ut + f(u)x = εuxx on the interval [0,1] with the inhomogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions u(t,0) = ρ0, u(t,1) = ρ1. The flux f is the function f(u) = u(1 − u), ε > 0 is the viscosity, and the boundary data satisfy 0 < ρ0 < ρ1 < 1. We examine the quasi‐potential corresponding to an action functional arising from nonequilibrium statistical mechanical models associated with the above equation. We provide a static variational formula for the quasi‐potential and characterize the optimal paths for the dynamical problem. In contrast with previous cases, for small enough viscosity, the variational problem defining the quasi‐potential admits more than one minimizer. This phenomenon is interpreted as a nonequilibrium phase transition and corresponds to points where the superdifferential of the quasi‐potential is not a singleton. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sweeping preconditioner for the Helmholtz equation: Hierarchical matrix representation
Authors: Engquist Björn , Ying Lexing 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe paper introduces the sweeping preconditioner, which is highly efficient for iterative solutions of the variable‐coefficient Helmholtz equation including very‐high‐frequency problems. The first central idea of this novel approach is to construct an approximate factorization of the discretized Helmholtz equation by sweeping the domain layer by layer, starting from an absorbing layer or boundary condition. Given this specific order of factorization, the second central idea is to represent the intermediate matrices in the hierarchical matrix framework. In two dimensions, both the construction and the application of the preconditioners are of linear complexity. The generalized minimal residual method (GMRES) solver with the resulting preconditioner converges in an amazingly small number of iterations, which is essentially independent of the number of unknowns. This approach is also extended to the three‐dimensional case with some success. Numerical results are provided in both two and three dimensions to demonstrate the efficiency of this new approach. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“Zero” temperature stochastic 3D ising model and dimer covering fluctuations: A first step towards interface mean curvature motion
Authors: Caputo Pietro , Martinelli Fabio , Simenhaus François , Toninelli Fabio Lucio 
Published: February 2011

AbstractWe consider the Glauber dynamics for the Ising model with “+” boundary conditions, at zero temperature or at a temperature that goes to zero with the system size (hence the quotation marks in the title). In dimensiond= 3 we prove that an initial domain of linear sizeLof “−” spins disappears within a time τ+, which is at mostL2(logL)cand at leastL2/(clogL) for somec> 0. The proof of the upper bound proceeds via comparison with an auxiliary dynamics which mimics the motion by mean curvature that is expected to describe, on large time scales, the evolution of the interface between “+” and “−” domains. The analysis of the auxiliary dynamics requires recent results on the fluctuations of the height function associated to dimmer coverings of the infinite honeycomb lattice. Our result, apart from the spurious logarithmic factors, is the first rigorous confirmation of the Lifshitz law τ+≃ const ×L2, conjectured on heuristic grounds [8, 13]. In dimensiond= 2, τ+can be shown to be of orderL2without logarithmic corrections: the upper bound was proven in [6], and here we provide the lower bound. Ford= 2, we also prove that the spectral gap of the generator behaves like${ c \over L}$forLlarge, as conjectured in [2]. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A survey on software checkpointing and mobility techniques in distributed systems
Authors: Marzouk Soumaya , Jmaiel Mohamed 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper has two purposes. First, it shows that existing solutions employing checkpointing and mobility in distributed applications, fix, at design time, the types and the techniques of checkpointing and mobility to be employed at runtime. Second, it provides policies allowing the dynamic selection of checkpointing and mobility techniques according to the execution environment. For that, this paper presents checkpointing and mobility techniques to evaluate them in order to identify their advantages and their shortcomings, and then determine the appropriate execution conditions in which a specific mobility technique becomes beneficial. This investigation will allow in assisting adaptation plans' generation and promoting future research in the area of self‐adaptivity of distributed applications. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance analysis of dual switched diversity over correlated Weibull fading channels with co‐channel interference
Authors: Cvetkovic Aleksandra M. , Djordjevic Goran T. , Stefanovic Mihajlo C. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper studies the performance of switch and stay combining (SSC) diversity in the presence of co‐channel interference over correlated Weibull fading channels. SSC diversity based on signal‐to‐interference ratio (SIR) is a low‐complexity and a very efficient technique that reduces fading and co‐channel interference influence. New closed‐form expressions for the probability density function and cumulative distribution function of the output SIR's are derived. These formulas are used in a detailed analysis of the average output SIR and outage probability. The influence of fading severity and correlation coefficient on the optimum switching threshold and system performance is investigated. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify obtained theoretical results and determine average bit error rate in detecting binary phase‐shift keying (BPSK), differential BPSK and quadrature amplitude modulation signals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A hidden mutual authentication protocol for low‐cost RFID tags
Authors: Li Jung‐Shian , Liu Kun‐Hsuan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractRadio‐frequency identification (RFID) technology enables the identification and tracking of objects by means of the wireless signals emitted by a tag attached to the objects of interest. Without adequate protection, however, malicious attackers can easily eavesdrop, scan or forge the information within the tag, thereby threatening the integrity of the system. Previous research has shown that the basic security requirements of RFID systems, i.e. identity authentication, information privacy and location privacy, can be satisfied using conventional cryptographic components. However, such components are expensive, and therefore conflict with the general requirement for low‐cost tag designs. Accordingly, this paper presents a low‐cost challenge‐response security protocol designated as the hidden mutual authentication protocol (HMAP) to accomplish both a mutual authentication capability between the tag and the reader and information privacy. The results show that HMAP provides an efficient means of concealing the authentication messages exchanged between the tag and the reader and is robust toward replay attacks. In addition, it is shown that HMAP is easily extended to provide complete location privacy by utilizing a hash function to generate different tag identifiers in each authentication session. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Contributions of dysglycaemia, obesity, and insulin resistance to impaired endothelium‐dependent vasodilation in humans
Authors: Han K. A. , Patel Y. , Lteif A. A. , Chisholm R. , Mather Kieren J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundIndividual effects of hyperglycaemia and obesity to impair vascular health are recognized. However, the relative contributions of dysglycaemia versus other obesity‐related traits to vascular dysfunction have not been systematically evaluated.MethodsWe undertook a cross‐sectional evaluation of factors contributing to vascular function in 271 consecutive subjects, categorized as non‐obese normal glucose tolerant (n = 115), non‐obese dysglycaemic (n = 32), obese normal glucose tolerant (n = 57), obese dysglycaemic (n = 38), or type 2 diabetic (n = 29). Vascular function was measured invasively as leg blood flow responses to methacholine chloride, an endothelium‐dependent vasodilator. Categorical and continuous analyses were carried out to assess the contributions of hyperglycaemia to vascular dysfunction.ResultsEven among normoglycaemic subjects, obese subjects had impaired vascular function compared to non‐obese subjects (p = 0.004). Vascular function was also impaired in non‐obese dysglycaemic subjects (p = 0.04 versus non‐obese normoglycaemic subjects), to a level comparable to normoglycaemic obese subjects. Within obese subject groups, gradations of dysglycaemia including the presence of diabetes were not associated with further worsening of these vascular responses beyond the effect of obesity alone (p = not significant comparing all obese groups, p < 0.001 versus lean normoglycaemic subjects). After univariate and multivariable modelling analyses we found that effects of glycaemia were less powerful than effects of insulin resistance and obesity on vascular dysfunction.ConclusionsDysglycaemia contributes to impaired vascular function in non‐obese subjects, but obesity and insulin resistance are more important determinants of vascular function in obese and diabetic subjects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of insulin and oral anti‐diabetic agents on glucose metabolism, vascular dysfunction and skeletal muscle inflammation in type 2 diabetic subjects
Authors: Joya‐Galeana J. , Fernandez M. , Cervera A. , Reyna S. , Ghosh S. , Triplitt C. , Musi N. , DeFronzo R. A. , Cersosimo E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackgroundTo test potential differences between the actions of anti‐diabetic medications, we examined the effects of oral hypoglycaemic agents versus glargine–apidra insulin therapy in T2DM.MethodsT2DM subjects were randomized to either oral hypoglycaemic agents (pioglitazone, metformin and glipizide, n = 9) or insulin therapy (n = 12) for 6 months. Carotid intimal media thickness, vascular reactivity (flow‐mediated vasodilatation; percent change in brachial artery basal diameter post‐ischaemia) and sublingual nitrate were measured with ultrasonography. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (80 mU/m2) clamp with [3]‐3H‐glucose and muscle biopsies were performed.ResultsFasting plasma glucose (∼257 to ∼124 mg/dL, oral hypoglycaemic agents and ∼256 to ∼142 mg/dL, IT) and HbA1c (∼10.3 to ∼6.4%, OHA and ∼10.7 to ∼7.1%, IT) improved comparably. Endogenous glucose production (∼2.1 to ∼1.7 mg/kg/min, oral hypoglycaemic agents and ∼2.3 to ∼2.0 mg/kg/min, insulin therapy) and endogenous glucose production suppression by insulin (∼0.4 to ∼0.3 mg/kg min, oral hypoglycaemic agents and ∼0.5 to ∼0.7 mg/kg min, insulin therapy) were different. Total glucose disposal × 100 increased in the oral hypoglycaemic agents group (∼5.2 to ∼8.1; p = 0.03), but not in insulin therapy (∼6.0 to ∼5.4 mg/kg/min/µU/mL × 100). OHA reduced CIMT (∼0.080 to ∼0.068 cm; p < 0.05), whereas insulin therapy did not (∼0.075 to ∼0.072 cm). After sublingual nitrate, brachial artery basal diameter increased in the OHA group (∼8.7 to ∼18.2%), but not in insulin therapy (∼11.2 to ∼15.0%; p < 0.02). Except for plasma adiponectin (∼7 to ∼15, oral hypoglycaemic agents versus ∼6 to ∼10, IT), changes in inflammatory markers in the circulation and in muscle (IκBα, super‐oxidase dismutase 2, monocyte‐chemo‐attractant protein 1, p‐ERK and JNK) were equivalent.ConclusionsOral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin therapy treated patients achieved adequate glycemic control and the effects on circulating and muscle inflammatory biomarkers were similar, but only oral hypoglycaemic agents improved insulin sensitivity, vascular function and carotid intimal media thickness. These findings in a small sample suggest that the use of oral hypoglycaemic agents provides additional benefits to patients with T2DM. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dynamic expression of two thrombospondins during axolotl limb regeneration
Authors: Whited Jessica L. , Lehoczky Jessica A. , Austin Christina A. , Tabin Clifford J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe molecular processes underlying regeneration remain largely unknown. Several potential factors have been elucidated by focusing on the regenerative function of genes originally identified in a developmental context. A complementary approach is to consider the roles of factors involved in wound healing. Here we focus on the Thrombospondins, a family of secreted extracellular matrix proteins that have been implicated in skin wound healing in mammals. We show that a subset of Thrombospondins are expressed at distinct times and in particular cell types during axolotl limb regeneration. Our studies have revealed the axolotl orthologs of thrombospondin‐1 (tsp‐1) and thrombospondin‐4 (tsp‐4) are highly upregulated during limb regeneration in patterns both distinct and similar to larval limb development. Our data suggest that thrombospondins may be key regulators of limb regeneration in axolotl, while their activation appears to be relegated solely to wound healing in vertebrates that have lost the ability to regenerate limbs. Developmental Dynamics 240:1249–1258, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Signal Processing in Electrochemistry
Authors: Jakubowska Małgorzata 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis review presents and promotes preprocessing methods applied in electrochemistry prior to data exploration, calibration and classification. Smoothing by digital filtering, baseline correction, separation of overlapping signals, and also transformations to extract the relevant features of the curve are the algorithms of which the application, operation, and optimization of parameters are described. The presentation completes the description of the procedure enabling orthogonal correction of the signals. The theoretical consideration is demonstrated by examples of the practical application of the described algorithms in electrochemistry in recent years. Software packages useful in signal processing in electrochemistry are also listed. The paper underlines the point that particular methods show the different effects of signal processing and in the case of the improper selection of the algorithm or its parameters, undesirable distortions of the curves may be observed. Therefore a knowledge of signal processing methodology is necessary before its application.
Simultaneous Determination of Antimony and Lead in Gunshot Residue by Cathodic Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Methods
Authors: Erden Sevcan , Durmus Zehra , Kılıç Esma 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDifferential pulse cathodic adsorptive stripping (DPCAdSV) and square wave cathodic adsorptive stripping (SWCAdSV) voltammetric methods were developed for the determination of antimony and lead in gunshot residues. Linear working ranges for DPCAdSV and SWCAdSV methods were (2.0×10−9–5.0×10−7) M and (2.0×10−9–7.0×10−7) M for antimony and 2.0×10−9–3.0×10−7 M (both methods) for lead. The detection of antimony limits were found to be 1.3×10−9 M for DPCAdSV and 7.3×10−10 M for SWCAdSV while the corresponding values for lead were 3.0×10−9 M and 5.8×10−10 M. Antimony and lead contents obtained by these methods in gunshot residues are in good agreement with those obtained by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method within a confidence limit of 95%.
Enzyme Logic Gates Based on Enzyme‐Coated Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kim Kyung‐Woo , Kim Byung Chan , Lee Hye Jin , Kim Jungbae , Oh Min‐Kyu 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEnzyme‐based Boolean logic gates were developed by using highly stable enzyme precipitate coatings (EPCs) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs). EPCs of three enzymes, glucose oxidase (GOx), horseradish peroxidase (HRP), and invertase (INV), were prepared in a three‐step process that consists of covalent enzyme attachment, enzyme precipitation, and enzyme crosslinking. The AND logic gate was formulated based on an ON output signal in response to the combined inputs of glucose and dye. The OR logic gate was based on the ON output signal of glucose oxidation in the presence of EPC‐GOx and EPC‐INV with one of the two inputs, either glucose or sucrose. The use of EPCs will provide an effective tool for the development of sensitive and repeatedly‐usable Boolean logic gates with a long lifetime, which can be employed in various biosignaling systems.
Electrochemical Detection with Platinum Decorated Carbon Nanomaterials
Authors: Tang Yifan , Kotchey Gregg P. , Vedala Harindra , Star Alexander 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHere we performed amperometric detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), chemically converted graphene (CCG), and sulfonated CCG (CCG‐S) decorated with Pt nanoparticles (NPs). Although all three systems demonstrated similar detection limits for H2O2, compared to the other two nanomaterials, Pt‐SWNTs provided a higher sensitivity with only half of the Pt amount. This result was consistent with cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and field‐effect transistor measurements. We attribute the higher sensitivity of Pt‐SWNTs to both the surface roughness of the electrode and the intimate contact between Pt NPs and one‐dimensional nanostructures (SWNTs) versus two‐dimensional nanostructures (graphene).