bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient multi-objective parrot optimizer for global and engineering optimization problems
Authors: Saad Mohammed R. , Emam Marwa M. , Houssein Essam H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The Parrot Optimizer (PO) has recently emerged as a powerful algorithm for single-objective optimization, known for its strong global search capabilities. This study extends PO into the Multi-Objective Parrot Optimizer (MOPO), tailored for multi-objective optimization (MOO) problems. MOPO integrates an outward archive to preserve Pareto optimal solutions, inspired by the search behavior of Pyrrhura Molinae parrots. Its performance is validated on the Congress on Evolutionary Computation 2020 (CEC’2020) multi-objective benchmark suite. Additionally, extensive testing on four constrained engineering design challenges and eight popular confined and unconstrained test cases proves MOPO’s superiority. Moreover, the real-world multi-objective optimization of helical coil springs for automotive applications is conducted to depict the reliability of the proposed MOPO in solving practical problems. Comparative analysis was performed with seven recently published, state-of-the-art algorithms chosen for their proven effectiveness and representation of the current research landscape-Improved Multi-Objective Manta-Ray Foraging Optimization (IMOMRFO), Multi-Objective Gorilla Troops Optimizer (MOGTO), Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer (MOGWO), Multi-Objective Whale Optimization Algorithm (MOWOA), Multi-Objective Slime Mold Algorithm (MOSMA), Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization (MOPSO), and Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II). The results indicate that MOPO consistently outperforms these algorithms across several key metrics, including Pareto Set Proximity (PSP), Inverted Generational Distance in Decision Space (IGDX), Hypervolume (HV), Generational Distance (GD), spacing, and maximum spread, confirming its potential as a robust method for addressing complex MOO problems.
Effect of pH and buffer on substrate binding and catalysis by cis-aconitate decarboxylase
Authors: Zhao Mingming , Chen Chutao , Blankenfeldt Wulf , Pessler Frank , Büssow Konrad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

cis-Aconitate decarboxylase (ACOD1, CAD, IRG1) catalyses the synthesis of itaconic acid in activated myeloid cells such as macrophages. Several histidine residues in the active site bind the substrate and enable the decarboxylation reaction. The in vitro activity of ACOD1 enzymes is commonly determined by incubation with substrate, followed by HPLC measurement of itaconic acid production. Phosphate buffers have often been used for this assay. However, the influence of buffer type on enzyme activity has not been investigated. Here, the effect of buffer and pH on enzyme kinetics of human and mouse ACOD1 and Aspergillus terreus CAD was investigated. It was found that high concentrations of phosphate inhibit the three enzymes. An alternative buffer was selected and the assay was adapted to the 96-well microtitre plate format for increased throughput. Enzyme kinetics were determined in the pH range of 5.5–8.25. A strong increase of K
M values was observed between the physiologically relevant pH values 7.5 and 8.25. The data indicate that more than one histidine residue needs to be protonated in the active site for binding the substrate.
Hydroclimate intensification likely aided glacier survival on Svalbard in the Early Holocene
Authors: Auer Andreea Gabriela , van der Bilt Willem G. M. , Schomacker Anders , Bakke Jostein , Støren Eivind W. N. , Buckby Joseph M. , Cederstrøm Jan Magne , van der Plas Sander 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accelerated Arctic warming and wetting has global impacts, as the region’s glaciers and ice caps respond to variations in temperature and precipitation, impacting global sea-level change. But as the observations needed to calibrate models are scarce, predictions cannot confirm if increases in snowfall can help offset melt. Here, we analyze two 14,000-year-long glacier-fed lake sediment records from the Svalbard archipelago to examine the response of a resilient ice cap (Åsgardfonna) to warmer-than-present Holocene Thermal Maximum conditions. End-Member Modelling allowed us to unmix the diluted grain size signal of rock flour – a widely used proxy for past glacier change, and surface runoff – an indicator of hydrological intensification. Our findings reveal that Åsgardfonna survived and may have advanced despite warmer conditions, possibly due to enhanced snowfall driven by sea-ice loss. This suggests that future increases in precipitation could moderate glacier retreat in similar settings.
Mitochondrial DNA removal is essential for sperm development and activity
Authors: Chen Zhe , Zhang Fan , Lee Annie , Yamine Michaela , Wang Zong-Heng , Zhang Guofeng , Combs Christian , Xu Hong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Active mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) elimination during spermatogenesis has emerged as a conserved mechanism ensuring the uniparental mitochondrial inheritance in animals. However, given the existence of post-fertilization processes degrading sperm mitochondria, the physiological significance of mtDNA removal during spermatogenesis is not clear. Here we show that mtDNA clearance is indispensable for sperm development and activity. We uncover a previously unappreciated role of Poldip2 as a mitochondrial exonuclease that is specifically expressed in late spermatogenesis and required for sperm mtDNA elimination in Drosophila. Loss of Poldip2 impairs mtDNA clearance in elongated spermatids and impedes the progression of individualization complexes that strip away cytoplasmic materials and organelles. Over time, poldip2 mutant sperm exhibit marked nuclear genome fragmentation, and the flies become completely sterile. Notably, these phenotypes were rescued by expressing a mitochondrially targeted bacterial exonuclease, which ectopically removes mtDNA. Our work illustrates the developmental necessity of mtDNA clearance for effective cytoplasm removal at the end of spermatid morphogenesis, and for preventing potential nuclear-mitochondrial genome imbalance in mature sperm, in which nuclear genome activity is shut down.
A routing algorithm for wireless mesh network based on information entropy theory
Authors: Turlykozhayeva Dana Abdikumarovna , Akhtanov Sayat Nusipbeckovich , Zhanabaev Zeinulla Zhanabaevich , Ussipov Nurzhan Musaipovich , Akhmetali Almat 
Published: February 2025

AbstractNowadays, wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are rapidly spreading around the world due to their competitive advantages. Beyond this, their adaptability is evident in supporting a wide range of applications: from powering broadband home networks and educational programs to driving healthcare advancements, simplifying building automation systems, assisting in expedited rescue operations, and even serving military needs. The routing within WMNs plays a pivotal role in enhancing reliability and optimizing performance. Notably, WMNs can consist of several cascading channels, however, the literature lacks routing algorithms based on the concept of information entropy for these channels. This work introduces an information‐entropy‐based algorithm specifically designed for wireless cascaded channels within WMNs. The proposed algorithm aims to enhance bandwidth in WMNs by constructing routes based on the maximum value of entropy of the cascading binary channel. This algorithm builds a route with the maximum value of the path entropy and bandwidth in WMNs. Furthermore, this study validates the applicability and competitiveness of the proposed method through a comparative analysis against established algorithms like Dijkstra, ACO, OLSR, AODV, and a previous method by the authors.
Multimodal sensor for soft grippers based on optical displacement sensing
Authors: Choi Myoung‐Su , Bae Ji‐Hun , Park Jae‐Han , Lee Dong‐Hyuk 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSoft grippers enable to securely grasp objects of various shapes without complex control algorithms. However, the nature of the soft material presents a challenge regarding the attachment of sensors to the fingers, hindering the ability to obtain feedback data on their current state. This study introduces a novel sensor concept designed to be affixed to the fingers of a soft gripper, enabling the measurement of both bending angles and contact forces. The proposed sensor utilizes photo‐reflectors to simultaneously measure bending angles and contact forces at multiple points, with the capability to easily expand the number of measurable cells. To enhance durability, a flexible printed circuit board with proven durability, along with a slip mechanism structure, is incorporated. Through the experiments, the feasibility of the proposed sensor is validated. Also, the durability and long‐term repeatability of the sensor was verified through 100,000 repeated operations.
A Low‐Distortion Bootstrapped Switch Based on Parasitic Capacitance Reduction Techniques
Authors: Wang Ming , Gu Yanhan , Zeng Li , Tang Zhangwen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis letter presents a low‐distortion bootstrapped switch for improving sampling network linearity. The dynamically driven gate approach and the dynamically driven deep N‐well technique are proposed to reduce the parasitic capacitance at crucial nodes. Simulated in a 180 nm CMOS process, the proposed switch achieves a total harmonic distortion (THD) of −101.3 dB at an 80 MHz sampling frequency. This is a 20.7 dB increase in THD over the conventional switch.
Distributionally robust optimal power flow based on multi‐transport hyperrectangle ambiguity set
Authors: Ou Weizhen , Li Peijie , Weng Zonglong , Xiao Jiawen , Bai Xiaoqing 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe Wasserstein distributionally robust optimization has become the preferred method for addressing the uncertainties in optimal power flow problems caused by renewable energy sources. However, when the system involves high‐dimensional random variables, such as multiple solar or wind farms, the curse of dimensionality associated with this method leads to a slow convergence rate of Wasserstein ambiguity sets. Therefore, it is essential to explore novel ambiguity sets which can effectively address the dimensionality problem. This paper proposes a distributionally robust optimal power flow model based on a multi‐transport hyperrectangle ambiguity set to tackle the uncertainties in wind power. First, this paper presents the multi‐transport hyperrectangle, which resolves the curse of dimensionality issue associated with Wasserstein ambiguity sets. Furthermore, the wind power curtailment cost in the objective function is reformulated into a tractable form using duality theory, enabling commercial solvers to provide efficient solutions. Finally, tests conducted on the modified IEEE 14‐bus and IEEE 118‐bus systems demonstrate that the proposed ambiguity set maintains a stable convergence rate under high‐dimensional random variables without rapid deterioration as the sample size increases. Moreover, the model achieves significant cost reductions while ensuring system stability.
Predicting core losses in power converters based on open source database
Authors: Zhou Yan , Zhang Minmin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCore losses are closely related to flux densities, frequencies, temperatures, exciting waveforms, and DC biases. Hysteresis losses and dynamic losses are considered the main components of core losses. A method for predicting core losses based on an open‐source database and a data‐driven physical model is proposed. To a certain predicted point, two paths in the procedure can be executed automatically. First, if there are two points in the database with similar working conditions to the predicted point, core loss power density can be directly predicted based on separate equations. Secondly, if loss power density for specific waveforms in the database are missing, hysteresis loss power density and dynamic loss power density under sinusoidal excitations can be utilized to estimate core loss power density for specific waveforms. Based on the proposed method, the impact of temperature on hysteresis loss power density and dynamic loss power density can also be individually fitted and analysed. The proposed concepts demonstrate good flexibility in handling various complex waveforms in power electronics and have been accurately verified using the loss data of N49 and N87 in the MagNet database.
Deriving pulsar pair-production multiplicities from pulsar wind nebulae using H.E.S.S. and LHAASO observations
Authors: Spencer S. T. , Mitchell A. M. W. 
Published: February 2025

Context. Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) dominate the galactic gamma-ray sky at very high energies and they are major contributors to the leptonic cosmic ray flux. However, the question of whether or not pulsars also accelerate ions to comparable energies has not yet been experimentally confirmed.
Aims. We aim to constrain the birth period and pair-production multiplicity for a set of pulsars. In doing so, we aim to constrain the proportion of ions in the pulsar magnetosphere and, hence, the proportion of ions that could enter the pulsar wind.
Methods. We estimated possible ranges of the value of the average pair production multiplicity for a sample of 26 pulsars in the Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF) catalogue, which have also been observed by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) telescopes. We then derived lower limits for the pulsar birth periods and average pair production multiplicities for a subset of these sources where the extent of the pulsar wind nebula and surrounding supernova shell have been measured in the radio. We also derived curves for the average pair production multiplicities as a function of birth period for sources recently observed by the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO).
Results. We show that there is a potential for hadrons entering the pulsar wind for most of the H.E.S.S. and LHAASO sources we consider here, which is dependent upon the efficiency of luminosity conversion into particles. We also present estimates of the pulsar birth period for six of these sources, all falling into the range of ≃10–50 ms.
VLTI/GRAVITY upper limit on near-infrared emission from the nearby 33 M⊙ black hole Gaia BH3
Authors: Kervella Pierre , Panuzzo Pasquale , Gallenne Alexandre , Mérand Antoine , Arenou Frédéric , Caffau Elisabetta , Lacour Sylvestre , Mazeh Tsevi , Holl Berry , Babusiaux Carine , Nardetto Nicolas , Clavel Maïca , Le Bouquin Jean-Baptiste , Ségransan Damien 
Published: February 2025

Context. The recent astrometric discovery of the nearby (590 pc) massive (33 M⊙) dormant black hole candidate Gaia BH3 offers the possibility to angularly resolve the black hole from its companion star by using optical interferometry.
Aims. Our aim is to detect emission in the near-infrared K band from the close-in environment of Gaia BH3 caused by accretion.
Methods. Gaia BH3 was observed with the GRAVITY instrument using the four 8-meter Unit Telescopes of the VLT Interferometer. We searched for the signature of emission from the black hole in the interferometric data using the CANDID, PMOIRED, and exoGravity tools.
Results. With a present separation of 18 mas, the Gaia BH3 system can be well resolved angularly by GRAVITY. We did not detect emission from the black hole at a contrast level of Δm = 6.8 mag with respect to the companion star, that is, fBH/f⋆ < 0.2%. This corresponds to an upper limit on the continuum flux density of fBH < 1.9 × 10−16 W m−2 μm−1 in the K band. In addition, we did not detect emission from the black hole in the hydrogen Brγ line.
Conclusions. The non-detection of near-infrared emission from the black hole in Gaia BH3 indicates that its accretion of the giant star wind is presently occurring at most at a very low rate. This is consistent with the limit of fEdd < 4.9 × 10−7 derived previously on the Eddington ratio for an advection-dominated accretion flow. Deeper observations with GRAVITY may be able to detect the black hole as the companion star approaches periastron around 2030.
Patient Blood Management – Wunsch und Realität
Authors: Holzhäuer Inci , De Rop Christiane , Hermsen Derik , Fischer Johannes , Hoffmann Till 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungDie Anämiebehandlung durch Versorgung mit Eisen, Folsäure und Vitamin B12 und
Stimulation der Erythropoese mit Erythropoetin bei Patienten, welche
Bluttransfusionen ablehnen, ist eine paradigmatische Herausforderung an das
Patient Blood Management (PBM), insbesondere in Notfallsituationen. Je nach
Anämieausprägung muss mit mindestens 14 Tagen für eine vollständige
Anämiekorrektur gerechnet werden. Wir stellen die Dynamik der Anämie-Entwicklung
und -Erholung bei unter ‚real life‘-Bedingungen verzögertem Patient Blood
Management im Fall eines Patienten vor, der Transfusionen aus religiösen Gründen
ablehnte.
Neuer Heftaufbau von „Nephrologie aktuell“
Authors: Schäfer Christian 
Published: February 2025

ZusammenfassungWie Sie, liebe Leserinnen und Leser, wahrscheinlich mit dem Blick auf das Editorial bemerkt haben, hat sich der Heftaufbau der „Nephrologie aktuell“ mit dieser Ausgabe etwas geändert. Dies habe ich zwar in Ausgabe 10/2024 in meinem Editorial angekündigt, aber eventuell haben es nicht alle gelesen. Daher möchte ich meine entsprechenden Worte im Folgenden sinngemäß wiederholen.
Shoulder Arthroplasty: Preoperative Evaluation and Postoperative Imaging
Authors: Vaswani Devin , Cohn Randy M. , Walsh Pamela J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractShoulder arthroplasty procedures have increased over the past few years. Several different arthroplasty options are available for varying indications, such as humeral head resurfacing, hemiarthroplasty, anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty, with ongoing modifications of prosthesis components and surgical techniques. Arthroplasty complications are encountered from the acute postoperative period to several years postoperatively. This article reviews the more common types of shoulder arthroplasties: their imaging appearances, multimodality imaging assessments for preoperative planning, and complications.
Peripheral Nerve Injuries: Preoperative Evaluation and Postoperative Imaging
Authors: Daniels Steven P. , Hacquebord Jacques H. , Azad Ali , Adler Ronald S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractImaging plays an important role in evaluating peripheral nerves. In the preoperative setting, imaging helps overcome pitfalls of electrodiagnostic testing and provides key anatomical information to guide surgical management. In the postoperative setting, imaging also offers key information for treating physicians, although it comes with several challenges due to postsurgical changes and alteration of normal anatomy. This article reviews our approach to peripheral nerve imaging, including how we use imaging in the pre- and postoperative setting for several common indications.
Femoroacetabular Impingement: Preoperative Evaluation and Postoperative Imaging
Authors: Cantarelli Rodrigues Tatiane , Morais André Queiroz de , Cabrita Henrique Antônio Berwanger de Amorim , Godoy Ivan Rodrigues Barros , Skaf Abdalla 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFemoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a significant orthopaedic condition that primarily affects young active adults. It is characterized by abnormal contact between the femoral head and the acetabulum, leading to joint damage and osteoarthritis. This syndrome presents in three forms: pincer, cam, and mixed impingement, each with distinct morphological characteristics that can cause labral tears and cartilage damage. Over the last 20 years, the diagnosis and management of FAI has evolved considerably with advancements in imaging technologies and surgical techniques, especially hip arthroscopy.This article reviews the pathophysiology, diagnostic imaging criteria, surgical treatments, and postoperative outcomes of FAI, providing essential insights for radiologists and surgeons. The importance of early and accurate diagnosis through advanced imaging is emphasized to prevent the progression of FAI and to plan effective surgical interventions aimed at joint preservation. Challenges remain in the postoperative setting, where residual symptoms can require revision surgeries. Future directions in the management of FAI will likely focus on refining imaging protocols and surgical techniques to enhance the success rates of primary procedures and reduce the need for subsequent interventions.
Postoperative Imaging in the Throwing Athlete
Authors: Flores Dyan V. , Huang Brady K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractOverhead throwing subjects the shoulder and elbow to substantial stresses, resulting in unique injury patterns that need to be recognized to allow appropriate treatment and return to sport. At the elbow, the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is the primary static restraint to valgus stress and the most commonly injured structure. UCL reconstruction is the most frequent surgical procedure in throwers and may be performed along with ulnar nerve transposition and flexor-pronator mass procedures. Posteromedial impingement and valgus extension overload syndrome are related entities that result in intra-articular pathology, such as osteophytes or bodies lodged within the olecranon fossa, also warranting excision at the time of UCL reconstruction. Shoulder injuries involve the rotator cuff (partial-thickness articular-sided tear), labrum (superior anteroposterior labral tear), and capsule (glenohumeral internal rotation deficit). Surgical options such as cuff repair, labral debridement or repair, and capsular release or tightening therefore target these structures.
Bibliometric analysis and systematic review of digital competence in education
Authors: Ma Huiling , Ismail Lilliati 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The ubiquity of digital technologies has profoundly transformed communication and education in the 21st century, making the development of digital competence essential for both teachers and students to be prepared for the digital age. However, existing reviews predominantly focus on the teachers’ perspective with a limited scope and methodology. This literature review combines bibliometric analysis and systematic literature review to provide a comprehensive analysis of existing research. Bibliometric analysis evaluates performance and science mapping to identify influential journals, countries, and authors while visualizing trends in the field. Content analysis identifies five major themes: (1) digital competence levels, (2) factors and variables, (3) digital competence and teacher education, (4) students’ digital competence, and (5) digital competence and academic performance. The study also outlines seven future research directions: (1) integrating digital competence into curricula, (2) initial training in digital competence for future professions, (3) subject-specific development, (4) expanding research samples to include younger students, (5) addressing limitations of self-assessment, (6) understanding the needs of teachers and students, and (7) strengthening administrative support. Overall, the review highlights challenges in measuring digital competence and underscores the need for its integration into education systems, offering insights into opportunities for future research.