bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emergence of Aeromonas dhakensis‐linked motile Aeromonas septicemia in Pangasius hypophthalmus biofloc systems in Pakistan
Authors: Hassan Ahmad , Ali Shahzad , Xu Tingbi , Liles Mark R. , Mohammed Haitham H. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study reports on an outbreak of motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) that caused significant mortalities in iridescent shark catfish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) in biofloc systems in the Punjab province of Pakistan. Clinical symptoms observed on the affected fish included anal fin hemorrhaging, mouth area bleeding, skin ulcerations, interstitial nephritis, and focal fusion of secondary lamellae. According to necropsy findings and a molecular phylogenetic analysis based on gyrB gene sequences, the etiologic agent of the disease was identified as Aeromonas dhakensis Ali.Pk01. The new isolate displayed resistance to multiple antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefuroxime sodium, meropenem, and penicillin, but remained susceptible to several antibiotics including amikacin, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and oxytetracycline. To fulfill Koch's postulates, fish were challenged by intraperitoneal injection with A. dhakensis Ali.Pk01, revealing its high virulence. Also, this isolate was found to encode multiple virulence genes including act, ela, alt, lip, and hyl. This study offers crucial information for local catfish farmers, highlighting the potential spread of virulent multidrug‐resistant pathogens and the need for better biosecurity and disease control measures without reliance on antibiotics.
Drug‐Induced Liver Injury in Patients With Chronic Liver Disease
Authors: Ghabril Marwan , Vuppalanchi Raj , Chalasani Naga 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveDrug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is a global problem and can develop from exposure to prescription or over‐the‐counter medications as well as herbal and dietary supplements. The diagnosis of DILI is clinically challenging, and liver injury can be severe leading to liver failure, death, or liver transplantation. Patients with underlying chronic liver diseases (CLD) may be at increased risk for DILI, which is associated with factors related to drug or liver disease.MethodsThis review summarises current knowledge on the risk and outcomes of DILI in patients with CLD.ResultsPatients with CLD may be at an increased risk for DILI. Additionally patients with underlying CLD are at risk for more severe liver injury and worse outcomes after DILI.DiscussionThe risk for and poor outcomes from DILI are accentuated in patients with CLD and potentially leading to the worst‐case scenario of acute‐on‐chronic liver failure. We highlight the key observations on DILI with a broad range of underlying liver diseases and the high‐DILI risk agents implicated in those populations.
Microtextures and structures in metal–sulfide grains in NWA 869 meteorite and their relation to thermal history of L‐chondrite parent body
Authors: Skirak Paulina , Opiła Gabriela , Piestrzyński Adam , Kozub‐Budzyń Gabriela , Kapusta Czesław 
Published: February 2025

AbstractResults of microanalysis study of NWA 869 meteorite, an ordinary chondrite, where silicates, Fe‐Ni alloys, and troilite are major constituents, are reported. The presented study of microtextures in metallic and sulfide grains provides information on processes occurring from the asteroid's accretion, through the impacts until cooling. The presence of metal–silicate emulsion, swiss‐cheese texture, and polycrystalline kamacite–troilite aggregates observed indicates very rapid increase in temperature due to impact. Fizzed troilite, slightly homogenized taenite domains, and intergrowth of native copper in plessite imply rapid cooling in isolated regions in space. Agrell effect on the interface of kamacite–taenite grains and non‐corroded tetrataenite rims indicates that the sample contains rock fragments from a region unaffected directly by the impact or rapid heating. Diversity of petrological types, lithic clasts with shock grade higher than S3, shock‐darkened clasts or impact melting rocks, and variation of microtextures suggest that the parent body of L‐type chondrites after accretion, radiogenic metamorphism, and consequent formation of the onion–shell model broke up into debris after the impact of eucrite body.
Physical properties, internal structure, and the three‐dimensional petrography of CI chondrites
Authors: Friedrich Jon M. , Riveros Eva M. , Macke Robert J. , Jaret Steven J. , Rivers Mark L. , Ebel Denton S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCI chondrites are poorly lithified and highly friable regolith breccias. To examine their physical properties and the nature of their breccation, we investigated nine samples of the Ivuna and Orgueil CI chondrites ranging in size from 1 mm to 4 cm in approximate diameter. The combined mass of unique material investigated in this work is 113 g. For our investigations, we use ideal gas pycnometry, 3‐D laser scanning, x‐ray computed microtomography (μCT), and accompanying digital data extraction techniques. We found that the bulk density of the samples ranged from 1.61 to 2.10 g cm−3. Larger samples tend to have a lower bulk density. Grain density (ranging from 2.44 to 2.55 g cm−3) is significantly less variable than the bulk density in our samples and the quantity of porosity (ranging from 14.6% to 33.8%) is the dominant factor in determining the bulk density of CI chondrite material. Our μCT results show that the visible porosity across all sizes of our CI chondrite samples is in the form of cracks, but these cracks can account for less than two‐thirds of the porosity in the CI chondrites. Other porosity is not visible, even at μCT resolutions of 2.7 μm voxel edge−1 and we conclude that it is sub‐micron in nature. It is not clear if the cracks seen in our samples are indigenous to the chondrites or are a result of terrestrial processes. We also find that the CI chondrites are excellent examples of the fractal‐like nature of brecciation, where clasts can be observed at all scales we imaged. The breccias are composed of sub‐equant‐shaped and sub‐rounded‐textured clasts like melt‐free impact breccias on other solar system bodies. From our μCT volume and digital data extraction, we determine that the Ivuna CI chondrite breccia is organized: the mostly sub‐equant clasts within our ~2 cm chunk of Ivuna have a mean diameter of 1.33 mm and their aligned longest axes define a lineation structure. We speculate that the lineation was imparted after fragmentation of the clasts by slight shear on the parent asteroid which could be the result of seismic‐related granular flow or mild non‐axial impact‐related compaction. These data will help to place returned asteroidal material from asteroids 162173 Ryugu and 101955 Bennu and the CI chondrites into a mutual geological context.
Increasing meta‐analytic quality: A multivariate multilevel meta‐analysis of note‐taking through exposure to L2 input
Authors: Norouzian Reza , Jin Zhouhan , Webb Stuart 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMeta‐analytic studies of second language (L2) learning typically employ a classic approach to meta‐analysis. Although the classic approach can clarify findings, a multivariate, multilevel meta‐analysis (3M) approach increases transparency by accounting for (a) dependencies in the evidence presented by primary studies, (b) methodological differences confounding the effectiveness of interventions, (c) differences in research designs, and (d) enhancing the accessibility of findings by using percentages. This reproducible study (https://rnorouzian.github.io/m/p.html) employed a 3M approach and used the (M)UTOS framework to examine the effect of note‐taking on learning through exposure to L2 input. Retrieving 55 effect sizes from 27 studies, the 3M approach found that there was at least a 63% likelihood for note‐taking treatments to produce a meaningfully positive benefit (≥0.2 gain on the effect‐size scale) on learning outcomes and revealed that the type of note‐taking treatment, measurement type, input mode, and learners’ proficiency levels were particularly influential.
New insights into coevolution between plants and their cryptic pollinators
Authors: Hao Kai , Hembry David H. , Sun Qi‐Lin , Luo Shi‐Xiao 
Published: February 2025

SummaryObligate pollination mutualisms are ideal models for studying coevolution. Long thought to be rare, a growing number of examples have been discovered and reported in recent decades. This review discusses two pollination mutualisms characterised by reciprocal adaptations between cryptic insects and their host plants: Asian Schisandraceae–resin midges and leafflower (Phyllanthaceae)–leafflower moths. Both of these systems involve tiny, nocturnal insects, which as adults pollinate their host plants but as larvae feed on the same hosts. We highlight the potential for these systems to shed light on mutualism evolution and geographic dynamics of coevolution. We conclude by emphasising the economic and cultural importance of the Schisandraceae–midge mutualism on food and medicine, and recommend future research in the genomics, coadaptation, and coevolution.
Smokeless Tobacco Is a Major Risk Factor for Oral Cancer in South and Southeast Asia
Authors: Mehrotra Ravi , Lauby‐Secretan Beatrice 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis review presents an overview of the current knowledge on smokeless tobacco and oral cancer, with a specific focus on South and Southeast Asia.MethodThe recent literature on the association of smokeless tobacco and oral cancer, its biological mechanisms, and policies for prevention and control, was reviewed. In addition, its role in the causation of oral cancer and allied diseases was assessed its biological mechanisms resulting in deleterious health outcomes and steps to control its use.ResultsOf the more than 360 million people who consume smokeless tobacco globally, nearly 80% reside in the region. The evidence of an association between the numerous SLT products consumed in the region and oral cancer is well established, with oral snuff and gutkha showing the strongest association. More than 4000 chemical ingredients are present in these products, many of which are involved in the intricate biological pathways leading to carcinogenesis.ConclusionGiven the deep cultural integration of SLT products, effective control measures require multifaceted approaches that combine education, regulation, and community engagement. Collaborative efforts among governments, healthcare professionals, and communities are essential to address this urgent issue and mitigate the substantial human and economic costs.
Temporomandibular Disorders in Brain Injury Patients and Diagnostic Accuracy of the Assessment Tools
Authors: Kothari Mohit , Alves‐Costa Silas , Kumar Abhishek , Nascimento Gustavo G. , Nielsen Jørgen Feldbæk , Svensson Peter , Kothari Simple F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the presence, severity and progression of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in acquired brain injury (ABI) population and determine the diagnostic accuracy of 3Q/TMD and Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) against the gold standard, Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD).MethodsABI individuals were assessed using 3Q/TMD and FAI at admission (n = 73) and Week 4 (n = 52), while DC/TMD was conducted only at Week 4. Diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 3Q/TMD and FAI were calculated against DC/TMD.ResultsTMD was detected in 66.0% (3Q/TMD) and 27.8% (FAI) at admission, with mild (75%) to moderate (25%) severity which was mostly pain‐related. TMD frequency decreased to 11.3% (3Q/TMD) and 17.3% (FAI) by Week 4. Accuracy rates were 0.82 for 3Q/TMD and 0.83 for FAI. Sensitivity was 0.33 (3Q/TMD) and 0.50 (FAI), while specificity was high at 0.93 (3Q/TMD) and 0.90 (FAI).ConclusionsTMD presence was higher in an ABI population compared to the general population however the frequency decreased over time. The high specificity and accuracy of 3Q/TMD and FAI indicate their potentials as screening tools but their low sensitivity limits their effectiveness in identifying all TMD cases. Patients with ABI should be assessed for TMD as part of their comprehensive care.
The mediating effect of social network sites addiction on the relationship between childhood psychological abuse and depression in college students and the moderating effect of psychological flexibility
Authors: Liu Yang , Wang Pengfei , Duan Liangfan , Shen Qingxin , Xu Lei , Zhang Tiancheng 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundExperience of child psychological abuse in college students is likely to increase their risk of depression, but the potential psychological mechanisms between the two require further exploration. This study supplemented the risk and protective factors between child psychological abuse and depression in college students by introducing social network sites addiction (SNSA) as a mediating factor and psychological flexibility as a moderating factor.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted on 655 college students from two universities in Hunan Province, China. Self‐reported measures included childhood psychological abuse, depression, SNSA, and psychological flexibility. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed on these variables, followed by the establishment of a structural equation model.ResultsChild psychological abuse was positively associated with depression (r = .507, p < .001) and SNSA (r = .208, p < .001) in college students and negatively associated with psychological flexibility (r = −.293, p < .001). SNSA played a mediating role between childhood psychological abuse and depression (β = .170, SE = 0.035, p < .001) in college students, while psychological flexibility attenuated the strength of the relationship between the latter two (β = −.095, SE = 0.031, p < .01).ConclusionThe study further elucidates the psychological mechanisms underlying the relationship between childhood psychological abuse and depression in college students. SNSA may mediate the relationship between the two, while psychological flexibility may buffer the strength of the relationship between them. Future research should explore interventions enhancing college students' psychological flexibility after childhood psychological abuse to cut the risk of depression.
Epigenetic age acceleration is related to cognitive decline in the elderly: Results of the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study
Authors: Gampawar Piyush , Veeranki Sai Pavan Kumar , Petrovic Katja‐Elisabeth , Schmidt Reinhold , Schmidt Helena 
Published: February 2025

AimEpigenetic clocks, quantifying biological age through DNA methylation (DNAmAge), have emerged as potential indicators of brain aging. As the variety of DNAmAge algorithms grows, consensus on their efficacy in predicting age‐related changes is lacking. This study aimed to explore the intricate relationship between diverse DNAmAge algorithms and structural and cognitive markers of brain aging.MethodsWithin a cohort of 796 elderly patients (mean age, 65.8 ± 7.9 years), we scrutinized 11 DNAmAge algorithms, including Horvath, Hannum, Zhang's clocks, PhenoAge, GrimAge, DunedinPACE, and principal component (PC)–based PCHorvath, PCHannum, PCPhenoAge, and PCGrimAge.We evaluated their association with baseline cognition and cognitive decline, assessed through follow‐up evaluations at three (T1) and six (T2) years postbaseline. Additionally, we examined their relationship with structural magnetic resonance imaging markers of brain aging, including white matter.ResultsZhang's clock was the best predictor of decline in memory (β = −0.04) and global cognition (β = −0.03), whereas PCGrimAge was the best predictor of speed decline (β = −0.17). The DNAmAge algorithms were the second‐best predictors in explaining cognitive variability after education in memory and global cognition (R2partial = 1.66% to 2.82%) and the best predictors for speed decline (R2partial = 2.13%). PC‐trained DNAmAge algorithms outperformed their respective original version.ConclusionDNAmAge algorithms are strong and independent predictors of cognitive decline in the normal elderly population and explain additional variability in cognitive decline beyond that accounted for by conventional risk factors.
Evaluation of Oral Clarithromycin in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Moroccan Children: A Series of 64 Patients
Authors: Chekairi Fatima Ezzahraa , Baghad Bouchra , Mouhsine Zineb , Elfatoiki Fatima Zahra , Saik Imane El Idrissi , Abdallaoui Maha Soussi , Chiheb Soumiya , Riyad Myriam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is commonly seen in pediatric patients in endemic areas, including Morocco. This retrospective, single center study details 64 confirmed pediatric cases of CL treated with oral clarithromycin 15 mg/kg/day for 10 days per month, for a total of three months. Lesions improved in 96.8% of cases and the treatment was well tolerated. Clarithromycin seems a safe and effective alternative to intralesional injections of meglumine antimoniate.
Evaluation of Spectral Bandwidth and Position on Leaf Chlorophyll Content Estimation Using Vegetation Indices
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Cao Jun , Han Xu , Huang Xiaoxiang , Yang Jian 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLeaf chlorophyll content (LCC) is an important indicator for vegetation status monitoring. Remote sensing data offers a nondestructive method for quick estimation of LCC. However, the accuracy of LCC estimation based on remote sensing data depends mainly on the band information. Therefore, it is important to effectively evaluate the effect of bandwidth and position on LCC estimation to select the optimal bandwidth and position. This paper analyzes the effects of different bandwidths and positions on the accuracy of LCC inversion based on single‐band or classical two‐band vegetation indices. First, simulated spectral datasets with different bandwidths and positions are generated by the PROSAIL model, and five classical two‐band vegetation indices are constructed. Then, the sensitivity of single‐band and vegetation indices to changes in bandwidth was evaluated by analyzing the R2 variation of the LCC inversion model. Finally, the spectral range in the LCC estimation that is less affected by the bandwidth and achieves the optimal inversion accuracy is determined. The results show that the bandwidth and position can significantly affect the inversion accuracy of LCC. The optimal inversion accuracy can be obtained at 575 nm when using single‐band inversion LCC. When using the two‐band vegetation indices, the optimal band positions that are not sensitive to the change of bandwidth are 850–900 nm and 720–740 nm. This study provides a reference for selecting the appropriate bandwidth and position in the LCC inversion.
Early‐to‐Midlife Body Mass Index Trajectories and Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Risk 10 Years Later
Authors: Qian Yaoyao , Perret Jennifer L. , Hamilton Garun S. , Abramson Michael J. , Lodge Caroline J. , Bui Dinh S. , Ali Gulshan B. , De Silva Anurika P. , Adams Robert J. , Thompson Bruce R. , Erbas Bircan , Walters Eugene H. , Senaratna Chamara V. , Dharmage Shyamali C. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectiveWhile short‐term weight changes are known to influence obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), the impact of body mass index (BMI) changes over the life course has been poorly documented. We examined the association between BMI trajectories from childhood to middle age and adult OSA, 10 years later.MethodsFive BMI trajectories were previously identified in the population‐based cohort Tasmanian Longitudinal Health Study (TAHS), using eight time‐point BMI from age 5 to 43 years. The primary outcome was probable OSA at 53 years, defined using STOP‐Bang questionnaire, with Berlin and OSA‐50 questionnaires used to ensure consistency of findings. Clinically significant diagnosed OSA was defined as self‐reported medical diagnosis or mild OSA with symptoms or moderate‐to‐severe OSA, using type‐4 sleep studies. Associations were examined using multivariable logistic regression.ResultsCompared with the average BMI trajectory, the child average‐increasing (aOR = 5.28, 95% CI 3.38–8.27) and persistently high trajectories (aOR = 3.73, 2.06–6.74) were associated with increased risk of probable OSA. These associations were consistent when using clinically significant diagnosed OSA (child average‐increasing trajectory: aOR = 2.95, 1.30–6.72; high trajectory: aOR = 2.23, 0.82–6.09). Individuals belonging to the low trajectory were less likely than the average trajectory to have OSA. Notably, the child high‐decreasing trajectory was not associated with OSA.ConclusionPhysicians and the public should be aware of the potential risk of OSA in middle‐aged adults when BMI is high or continuously increasing from childhood to mid‐40s. Obese children who subsequently lose weight were not at higher risk of OSA in middle age—a novel and key finding.
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Digital Finance Use and Household Consumption Inequality: Evidence From Rural China
Authors: Wang Xuejun , Li Xiaocheng , Zhou Huiying 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPrevious research has investigated the relationship between digital finance and consumption, yet the impact of digital finance use on rural household consumption inequality, particularly in developing countries, has been rarely examined. Using data from the 2017 and 2019 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS) and a relative deprivation of consumption index, this paper employs the instrumental variable strategy to examine the effects of digital finance use on consumption inequality of rural households. The modeling approach accounts for the endogeneity of digital finance use. The results suggest that digital finance use can alleviate the consumption inequality of rural households. Propensity score matching (PSM) method and a series of robustness checks corroborate the conclusions. Moreover, the mechanism analysis reveals that digital finance use can narrow income inequality and intensify consumption smoothing channels, thereby alleviating consumption inequality of rural households. Finally, heterogeneity analysis shows that digital finance use has a more prominent role in reducing the relative deprivation of consumption among vulnerable households and in undeveloped areas. And digital finance use mainly alleviates the inequality in higher levels of consumption. Our findings provide a micro basis for constructing economic impact assessment and policy design to reduce consumption inequality and improve the welfare of rural households in developing countries.
Exploring the Role of Self‐Defective Beliefs in the Relation Between Sexual Orientation and Nonsuicidal Self‐Injury in Young Women
Authors: O'Brien Connor , Waite Elinor E. , Denning Dominic M. , Haliczer Lauren A. , Dixon‐Gordon Katherine L. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionPeople who identify as sexual minorities (SM) report higher rates of nonsuicidal self‐injury (NSSI) than heterosexual individuals. One explanatory factor that may be important in this relation is self‐defective beliefs. The present study examined the role of self‐defective beliefs in the link between sexual orientation and NSSI.MethodParticipants were college‐aged women (n = 145) with (n = 84) and without (n = 61) recent, recurrent NSSI, completed measures of NSSI and self‐defective beliefs. Participants were recruited from a large college and surrounding area in the northeastern U.S.Resultssuggest that SM participants were more likely to report a history of NSSI, frequent and versatile NSSI, and greater self‐defective beliefs compared to heterosexual participants, but not more likely to report medically severe NSSI. Results from cross‐sectional mediation analyses revealed that self‐defective beliefs mediated the relation between SM identity and lifetime NSSI history and partially mediated the relations for NSSI medical severity and versatility, but not NSSI frequency.ConclusionsTaken together, our findings suggest that self‐defective beliefs are a salient cognitive concern associated with indicators of NSSI severity in college‐aged SM women. Additional research is needed to determine whether these findings replicate in SM men, transgender, and gender diverse populations.