bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Concept Underlying Stem Cell Lineage Skewing That Explains the Detrimental Effects of Thiazolidinediones on Bone
Authors: Bruedigam Claudia , Eijken Marco , Koedam Marijke , van de Peppel Jeroen , Drabek Ksenija , Chiba Hideki , van Leeuwen Johannes P. T. M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBone-marrow adipogenesis is an aging-related phenomenon and is correlated with osteoporosis. The latter is a prevalent bone disease in the elderly leading to increased fracture risk and mortality. It is widely hypothesized that the underlying molecular mechanism includes a shift in the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the osteogenic lineage to the adipogenic lineage. Lineage skewing is at least partially a result of transcriptional changes. The nuclear transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) has been proposed as a major decision factor in MSC lineage commitment, promoting adipogenesis at the expense of osteogenesis. Here we found that PPAR-γ acted unexpectedly to stimulate osteoblast differentiation from human bone marrow-derived MSCs. Both rosiglitazone-mediated activation and overexpression of PPAR-γ caused acceleration of osteoblast differentiation. Conversely, shRNAi-mediated PPAR-γ knockdown diminished osteoblast differentiation. MSCs that were treated with rosiglitazone did not preferentially differentiate into adipocytes. However, the rosiglitazone-mediated acceleration of osteoblast differentiation was followed by increased accumulation of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. In contrast to the osteogenic lineage, cells of the adipogenic lineage were protected from this. Our data support a new concept on bone health that adds to the explanation of the clinically observed suppressive action of activated PPAR-γ on bone and the associated phenomenon of bone marrow adipogenesis. This concept is based on a higher susceptibility of the osteogenic than the adipogenic lineage to oxidative stress and apoptosis that is preferentially triggered in the osteoblasts by activated PPAR-γ.
On the Surface Reactivity of Functionalized Phosphinines on Inorganic Supports
Authors: Komath Mallissery Samith , Nieger Martin , Gudat Dietrich 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPhosphinines with pendant phenol or catechol functionalities and their gold(I) complexes were synthesised and characterised by spectroscopic data and in one case by a single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction study. Reactions of ligands or complexes with TiO2 or chloropropyl modified hexagonal mesoporous silica were then studied with the aim to immobilise ligands or complexes on the carrier by covalent tethering. 31P MAS NMR studies revealed that immobilisation on TiO2 was accompanied by complete degradation of the phosphinine moiety. Base induced coupling with chloropropyl modified silica produced a material that contained a mixture of several surface‐bound phosphorus compounds. 31P MAS NMR studies revealed that approx. 40 % of the ligand had retained its integrity whereas the remaining fraction had been converted into further, not unambiguously identified structures.
The Crystal Structure of InGaO3(ZnO)4: A Single Crystal X‐ray and Electron Diffraction Study
Authors: Keller Isabelle , Mader Werner 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe crystal structure of the mixed oxide InGaO3(ZnO)4 has been determined from electron diffraction and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction data. The compound crystallises in a hexagonal space group (P63/mmc; No. 194), deduced from convergent beam electron diffraction (CBED). Single crystals of InGaO3(ZnO)4 were grown from a K2MoO4 flux in sealed platinum tubes. Single crystal structure refinement from XRD data [a = 3.2850(2) Å; c = 32.906(3) Å; Z = 2; 4232 data, R1 = 0.0685] reveals a compound with oxygen anions forming a closest‐packed arrangement. Within this packing In3+ cations occupy octahedral interstices, forming layers of edge sharing octahedra. In between these layers are regions with composition [Zn4GaO5]+ forming a wurtzite type of structure. Inversions of the ZnO4 tetrahedra occurs (i) at the InO6 octahedral layer and (ii) halfway in the wurtzite type region, where the inversion boundary is built by Ga3+ in trigonal bipyramidal coordination with a long Ga–Oapical distance of 2.19(1) Å. The site occupation of Zn2+ and Ga3+, respectively, was confirmed by bond valence sum calculations. The compounds described here have the same structural charactistics as other known members with general formula ARO3(ZnO)m with m = integer.
Sc4Pt7Si2 – An Intergrowth Structure of ScPtSi and ScPt Related Slabs
Authors: Harmening Thomas , van Wüllen Leo , Eckert Hellmut , Rodewald Ute Ch. , Pöttgen Rainer 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe metal‐rich silicide Sc4Pt7Si2 was synthesized by arc‐melting. Sc4Pt7Si2 crystallizes with its own structure type, space group Pbam. The structure was refined from single‐crystal X‐ray diffractometer data: a = 647.6(1), b = 1617.1(3), c = 398.96(9) pm, wR2 = 0.0495, 807 F2 values and 42 variables. Sc4Pt7Si2 is an intergrowth structure of slightly distorted ScPtSi (TiNiSi type) and ScPt (CsCl type) related slabs. The silicon atoms have the typical coordination number 9 (4 Sc + 5 Pt) in the form of a tricapped trigonal prism. Together, the platinum and silicon atoms build up a complex three‐dimensional [Pt7Si2] network with short Pt–Si (238–246 pm) and Pt–Pt (282–303 pm) distances. The scandium atoms fill distorted square prismatic or pentagonal prismatic voids within this network, also with short Sc–Pt distances (276–308 pm). The structural difference of these two scandium species is reflected by substantial discrepancies in 45Sc chemical shifts. The quadrupolar interaction parameters that were estimated from the nutation behavior of the two signals were used for an assignment to the two sites.
Risk Factors for Metachronous Gastric Cancer in the Remnant Stomach After Early Cancer Surgery
Authors: Nozaki Isao , Nasu Junichirou , Kubo Yoshiro , Tanada Minoru , Nishimura Rieko , Kurita Akira 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundEarly gastric cancer patients have a good prognosis after radical resection. However, if the patients have a gastric remnant after the surgery, the risk of metachronous gastric cancer remains. The aim of this study was to clarify the risk factors for metachronous gastric cancer after partial gastrectomy for early gastric cancer.MethodsData on a series of 1281 consecutive gastrectomy patients with pathologically confirmed early gastric cancer from 1991 to 2007 in Shikoku Cancer Center were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe gastric remnants of 868 patients were periodically surveyed by endoscopic examination. Among those surveyed cases, 26 patients were diagnosed as having metachronous gastric cancer in the gastric remnant. They underwent curative resection by remnant gastrectomy (n = 13 patients) or endoscopic mucosal resection (n = 13 patients). Multivariate analysis showed that male sex, older age, submucosal invasion, and proximal gastrectomy were independent risk factors.ConclusionsOur data suggested that more intensive endoscopic follow‐up is needed for the remnant stomach in patients with these risk factors to detect metachronous gastric cancer at its early stage.
Long‐term follow‐up of patients with phenylketonuria receiving tetrahydrobiopterin treatment
Authors: Trefz Friedrich K. , Scheible D. , Frauendienst‐Egger G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTreatment with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the natural cofactor of phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH), can reduce blood phenylalanine (Phe) levels in patients with BH4‐responsive phenylketonuria (PKU). A number of studies has reported on the short‐term BH4 treatment of patients with PKU, but long‐term data are lacking. Here, we describe the effects of long‐term treatment with BH4 on 16 patients, who showed a >28% reduction in blood Phe following testing for BH4 overload. The mean dose of BH4 was 16 mg/kg body weight (range 5–36 mg/kg body weight). The mean treatment duration was 56 months (range 24–110 months). Of 16 patients, 14 achieved long‐term Phe control with BH4 treatment, with a mean blood Phe concentration of 321 ± 236 µmol/l. The mean decrease from baseline in blood Phe levels in these 14 patients was 54.6%. Of the seven patients who required continued dietary restriction, Phe intake increased from 200–300 mg/day to 800–1000 mg/day. Factors that may cause fluctuation of Phe levels in BH4‐treated patients include patients’ PAH genotype, Phe intake, changes in protein catabolism or anabolism, and periods of illness or infection.
Expression of Genes Associated with Bone Resorption is Increased and Bone Formation is Decreased in Mice Fed a High‐Fat Diet
Authors: Xiao Ying , Cui Jue , Li Ya‐Xin , Shi Yong‐Hui , Le Guo‐Wei 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA high‐fat diet (HFD) leads to an increased risk of osteoporosis‐related fractures, but the molecular mechanisms for its effects on bone metabolism have rarely been addressed. The present study investigated the possible molecular mechanisms for the dyslipidemic HFD‐induced bone loss through comparing femoral gene expression profiles in HFD‐fed mice versus the normal diet‐fed mice during the growth stage. We used Affymetrix 430A Gene Chips to identify the significant changes in expression of the genes involved in bone metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the related signal transduction pathways. Quantitative RT‐PCR was carried out on some significant genes for corroboration of the microarray results. At the conclusion of the 12‐week feeding, the down‐regulation of most of the genes related to bone formation and the up‐regulation of most of the genes related to bone resorption were observed in the HFD‐fed mice, consistent with the changes in plasma bone metabolic biomarkers. Together, the HFD induced a decrease in the majority of the adipogenesis‐, lipid biosynthesis‐, and fatty acid oxidation‐related gene expression, such as PPARg and APOE. Furthermore, some genes engaged in the related signal transduction pathway were strongly regulated at the transcript level, including IGFBP4, TGFbR1, IL‐17a, IL‐4, and P53. These results indicate that an HFD may induce inhibitory bone formation and enhanced bone resorption, thus causing adverse bone status.
Données descriptives de l’activité d’Assistance médicale à la procréation avec don de spermatozoïdes au sein des CECOS de 1973 à 2006 en France
Authors: Hennebicq S. , Juillard J.-C. , Le Lannou D. ,   Fédération française des CECOS
Published: March 2010

Résumé

Introduction
Le premier CECOS a été créé en 1973 pour permettre une organisation institutionnalisée du don de spermatozoïdes, et encore de nos jours, la majorité de l’activité d’Assistance médicale à la procréation avec don de spermatozoïdes (AMP-D) est gérée dans les CECOS. Depuis 1980, ces centres ont formé un réseau national, la Fédération française des CECOS, et dès leur création, ces centres ont organisé une évaluation de leur activité par la tenue de bilans annuels d’activité. Ce travail présente un récapitulatif de ces données d’activité de 1973 à 2006.

Matériel et méthodes
Les données d’activité des centres ont été compilées au niveau national pour ce qui concerne l’AMP-D et analysées dans ce travail.

Résultats
Entre 1973 et 2006, 69 945 couples ont entamé des démarches au CECOS pour réaliser leur projet parental grâce à un don de sperme. Presque 20 % de ces couples sont revenus au CECOS pour une demande de deuxième, voire troisième enfant. Ce mode de procréation a été possible, car dans le même temps 16 971 donneurs se sont présentés dans les CECOS, et une démarche de don de gamètes a été effectivement réalisée en totalité pour 10 347 d’entre eux. C’est ainsi au moins 44 045 enfants qui ont été conçus durant cette période. Ce travail présente donc la plus grande série de données relatives à l’activité de don de sperme au plan international.
A Pilot Study of the Tolerability of Two BCG Maintenance Regimens in the Treatment of High Risk Superficial Bladder Cancer
Authors: Gilmore P.E. , Henderson K. , Kutarski P.W. , Stephenson R.N. , Parr N.J. 
Published: March 2010

Objective: The aims of this study were to review tolerance to BCG maintenance in a UK based population of patients with high risk superficial bladder cancer (HRSBC). We have employed two different BCG maintenance regimens and compared our outcomes with those described by SWOG 8507. Patients and methods: Data from 81 patients confirmed to have HRSBC were retrospectively analysed for tolerability and cancer outcomes for either single or triplet dose BCG maintenance. Results: 77 patients tolerated induction BCG and underwent BCG maintenance, 24 in the single and 53 in the triplet groups. Mean follow-up was 38 months. The maintenance tolerance was 89% for single and 50% for triplet instillations. Conclusions: In a single centre UK group of patients, tolerance to maintenance BCG was higher than previously reported by SWOG 8507 and a single dose maintenance regimen was better tolerated than the triplet dose. This review of a non-randomised series of two BCG maintenance regimens is too small to alter current guidelines, but does suggest the need for a much larger multi-centre UK study comparing triplet maintenance with less intense regimens.
A Simple Method for Validation and Verification of Pipettes Mounted on Automated Liquid Handlers
Authors: Stangegaard Michael , Hansen Anders J. , Frøslev Tobias G. , Morling Niels 
Published: March 2010

We have implemented a simple, inexpensive, and fast procedure for validation and verification of the performance of pipettes mounted on automated liquid handlers (ALHs) as necessary for laboratories accredited under ISO 17025. A six- or seven-step serial dilution of OrangeG was prepared in quadruplicates in a flat-bottom 96-well microtiter plate, manually using calibrated pipettes. Each pipette of the liquid handler (1–8) dispensed a selected volume (1–200μL) of OrangeG eight times into the wells of the microtiter plate. All wells contained a total of 200μL liquid. The absorbance was read, and the dispensed volume of each pipette was calculated based on a plot of volume and absorbance of a known set of OrangeG dilutions. Finally, the percent inaccuracy (%d) and the imprecision (%CV) of each pipette were calculated. Using predefined acceptance criteria, each pipette was then either approved or failed. Failed pipettes were either repaired or the volume deviation was compensated for by applying a calibration curve in the liquid-handler software. We have implemented the procedure on a Sias Xantus, an MWGt The ONYX, four Tecan Freedom EVO, a Biomek NX Span-8, and four Biomek 3000 robots, and the methods are freely available. In conclusion, we have set up a simple, inexpensive, and fast solution for the continuous validation of ALHs used for accredited work according to the ISO 17025 standard. The method is easy to use for aqueous solutions but requires a spectrophotometer that can read microtiter plates.
Ageing, chronic alcohol consumption and folate are determinants of genomic DNA methylation,p16promoter methylation and the expression ofp16in the mouse colon
Authors: Sauer Julia , Jang Hyeran , Zimmerly Ella M. , Kim Kyong-chol , Liu Zhenhua , Chanson Aurelie , Smith Donald E. , Mason Joel B. , Friso Simonetta , Choi Sang-Woon 
Published: March 2010

Older age, dietary folate and chronic alcohol consumption are important risk factors for the development of colon cancer. The present study examined the effects of ageing, folate and alcohol on genomic andp16-specific DNA methylation, andp16expression in the murine colon. Old (aged 18 months;n70) and young (aged 4 months;n70) male C57BL/6 mice were pair-fed either a Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with alcohol (18 % of energy), a Lieber-DeCarli diet with alcohol (18 %) and reduced folate (0·25 mg folate/l) or an isoenergetic control diet (0·5 mg folate/l) for 5 or 10 weeks. Genomic DNA methylation,p16promoter methylation andp16gene expression were analysed by liquid chromatography–MS, methylation-specific PCR and real-time RT-PCR, respectively. Genomic DNA methylation was lower in the colon of old mice compared with young mice (P < 0·02) at 10 weeks. Alcohol consumption did not alter genomic DNA methylation in the old mouse colon, whereas it tended to decrease genomic DNA methylation in young mice (P = 0·08).p16Promoter methylation and expression were higher in the old mouse colon compared with the corresponding young groups. There was a positive correlation betweenp16promoter methylation andp16expression in the old mouse colon (P < 0·02). In young mice the combination of alcohol and reduced dietary folate led to significantly decreasedp16expression compared with the control group (P < 0·02). In conclusion, ageing and chronic alcohol consumption alter genomic DNA methylation,p16promoter methylation andp16gene expression in the mouse colon, and dietary folate availability can further modify the relationship with alcohol in the young mouse.
ENHANCING SEED GERMINATION OF FOUR CROP SPECIES USING AN ULTRASONIC TECHNIQUE
Authors: GOUSSOUS S. J. , SAMARAH N. H. , ALQUDAH A. M. , OTHMAN M. O. 
Published: March 2010

SUMMARYA laboratory experiment was conducted to determine the effect of ultrasound (US) treatment on seed germination of chickpea, wheat, pepper and watermelon. All tests were carried out at 40 kHz in a water bath ultrasonic device varying two factors, treatment duration (5, 10, 15, 30, 45 or 60 min) and germination temperature (15 or 20 °C). Parallel tests were run in which seeds were soaked in water without sonication in order to eliminate the effect of water from US test results. The effects of US on seed germination varied between crops and were more obvious on germination speed, expressed as germination rate index (GRI), rather than on germination percentage (GP). In particular, US treatment significantly increased the GRI of chickpeas, wheat and watermelon, resulting in a maximum increase of 133% (at 45 min), 95% (30 min) and 45% (5 min), respectively, above control seeds. The beneficial effects of US on the GRI of these crops were observed at both 15 and 20 °C, suggesting that US treatment offers a practical priming method to overcome the slow germination that may occur at low temperatures. Water-soaking treatment improved the GP of both chickpea and pepper seeds by 59 and 24%, respectively, compared to the control but neither water nor US had any positive effect on pepper GRI. Post-treatment measurement of moisture content of these seeds produced variable results depending on crop species and US treatment duration. Results of this research indicated that US treatment effectively enhanced speed of germination of chickpea, wheat and watermelon seeds. This increase in speed of germination may improve early field establishment of these crops in the semiarid Mediterranean region and thus needs further investigation. The US technique may also be very useful for plant propagators in nurseries to achieve fast seedling establishment of watermelon.
MEETING THE NEEDS OF ADOLESCENT POST-ABORTION CARE PATIENTS IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Authors: McCARRAHER DONNA R. , CHEN-MOK MARIO , ORONOZ ANA SOPHIA , BRITO-ANDERSON SONIA , GREY THOMAS , TUCKER HEIDI , BAILEY PATRICIA E. 
Published: March 2010

SummaryCounselling on contraception and contraceptive method provision are key components of post-abortion care (PAC). Some studies have suggested that adolescent PAC patients receive worse care than older women seeking these services. This study aimed to evaluate an intervention whose goal was to improve the counselling and contraceptive uptake of PAC patients, with special attention given to the needs of adolescent patients, in the four public hospitals in the Dominican Republic where PAC services were not being routinely offered. The counselling intervention effort included provider training and the development of adolescent-friendly information, education and communication (IEC) materials. Eighty-eight providers were interviewed at baseline and 6 months after the intervention was implemented. Six months after providers were trained, 140 adolescent PAC patients (≤19 years of age) and 134 older PAC patients (20–35 years) were interviewed about the contraceptive counselling messages and contraceptive methods they received before they were discharged from hospital. The adolescent and older PAC patients were matched on study hospital and time of arrival. Significant improvements were noted in provider knowledge and attitudes. No changes were noted in provider-reported PAC counselling behaviours, with close to 70% of providers reporting they routinely assess patients' fertility intentions, discuss contraception, assess STI/HIV risk and discuss post-abortion complications. Adolescent and older PAC patients reported receiving PAC counselling messages at similar rates. Forty per cent of adolescent PAC patients and 45% of older PAC patients who wanted to delay pregnancy were discharged with a contraceptive method. Adolescents were more likely to receive an injectable contraceptive method whereas older women were discharged with a variety of methods. The PAC counselling intervention increased provider knowledge and improved their attitudes and benefited both adolescent and older patients.
A very fast and accurate method for calling aberrations in array-CGH data
Authors: Benelli Matteo , Marseglia Giuseppina , Nannetti Genni , Paravidino Roberta , Zara Federico , Bricarelli Franca Dagna , Torricelli Francesca , Magi Alberto 
Published: March 2010

AbstractArray comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is a microarray technology that allows one to detect and map genomic alterations. The standard workflow of the aCGH data analysis consists of 2 steps: detecting the boundaries of the regions of changed copy number by means of a segmentation algorithm (break point identification) and then labeling each region as loss, neutral, or gain with a probabilistic framework (calling procedure). In this paper, we introduce a novel calling procedure based on a mixture of truncated normal distributions, named FastCall, that aims to give aberration probabilities to segmented aCGH data in a very fast and accurate way. Both on synthetic and real aCGH data, FastCall obtains excellent performances in terms of classification accuracy and running time.
Differential Oxidative Metabolism and 5-Ketoclomazone Accumulation Are Involved in Echinochloa phyllopogon Resistance to Clomazone
Authors: Yasuor Hagai , Zou Wei , Tolstikov Vladimir V. , Tjeerdema Ronald S. , Fischer Albert J. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Echinochloa phyllopogon (late watergrass) is a major weed of California rice (Oryza sativa) that has evolved cytochrome P450-mediated metabolic resistance to different herbicides with multiple modes of action. E. phyllopogon populations from Sacramento Valley rice fields have also recently shown resistance to the herbicide clomazone. Clomazone is a proherbicide that must be metabolized to 5-ketoclomazone, which is the active compound that inhibits deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase, a key enzyme of the nonmevalonate isoprenoid pathway. This study evaluated the differential clomazone metabolism within strains of the same species to investigate whether enhanced oxidative metabolism also confers clomazone resistance in E. phyllopogon. Using reverse-phase liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry techniques in the multireaction monitoring mode, we elucidated that oxidative biotransformations are involved as a mechanism of clomazone resistance in this species. E. phyllopogon plants hydroxylated mostly the isoxazolidinone ring of clomazone, and clomazone hydroxylation activity was greater in resistant than in susceptible plants. The major clomazone metabolites resulted from monohydroxylation and dihydroxylation of the isoxazolidinone ring. Resistant plants accumulated 6- to 12-fold more of the monohydroxylated metabolite than susceptible plants, while susceptible plants accumulated 2.5-fold more of the phytotoxic metabolite of clomazone, 5-ketoclomazone. Our results demonstrate that oxidative metabolism endows multiple-herbicide-resistant E. phyllopogon with cross-resistance to clomazone through enhanced herbicide degradation and lower accumulation of the toxic metabolite in resistant versus susceptible plants.