bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Japanese Version of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire
Authors: Shimazu Akihito , Sonnentag Sabine , Kubota Kazumi , Kawakami Norito 
Published: March 2012

Validation of the Japanese Version of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire: Akihito SHIMAZU, et al. Department of Mental Health, The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Medicine—ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to validate the Japanese version of the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ‐J), which assesses how individuals unwind and recuperate from work during leisure time (i.e., psychological detachment, relaxation, mastery and control).MethodsThe translated and back‐translated REQ was administered via the Internet to 2,520 Japanese employees from various occupations. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to evaluate factorial validity. The relationship with potential predictors and consequences of recovery experiences were investigated to evaluate construct validity. Internal consistency was examined to evaluate its reliability.ResultsA series of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the hypothesized four‐factor model fit the data best. Construct validity was generally supported by expected correlations of recovery experiences with possible predictors and consequences. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each of the four subscales was sufficient(0.85–0.89).ConclusionsThis study confirmed that the REQ‐J is an adequate measure of recovery experiences that can be used in the Japanese context.
Charge transport enhancement via air-mediated self-organization in polymer semiconductors
Authors: Kushida Takashi , Nagase Takashi , Naito Hiroyoshi 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTAir-mediated molecular ordering in self-organized polymer semiconductors of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and poly[(9,9′-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-(2,2′-bithiophene-5,5′-diyl)] (F8T2) was investigated using organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) fabricated by transfer-printing using poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamps with various surface energies. OFET measurements revealed that the charge transport in the polymer semiconductors via the air interface layer was better than that via the substrate interface layer. The results indicated that the formation of a highly ordered microstructure at the polymer/air interface through air-mediated self-organization occurs in many polymer semiconductors. This air-mediated self-organization was weaker than substrate-mediated self-organization, whose influence appeared in OFETs with thin semiconductor films.
Phase Behavior and Viscosity Measurements of Heavy Crude Oil With Methane and Ethane at High-Temperature Conditions
Authors: Kariznovi Mohammad , Nourozieh Hossein , Abedi Jalal 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Heavy oil and extra heavy oil reserves have attracted increasing attention in recent years as alternatives to conventional oil reservoirs. Over the last two decades, new techniques have been developed to take advantage of solvent and heat in heavy oil recovery. In these methods, referred to as solvent/heat-assisted recovery processes, the compound effects of solvent and heat on the bitumen viscosity may provide bitumen production rates that may be equivalent or even higher than those from the injection of steam or solvent alone.
Experimental data on the phase behavior of heavy oil / solvent systems and their physical properties are essential for the design and optimization of such processes. The plain fact is the lack of data at the high-temperature conditions approaching those of in situ steam injection.
In the present study, the solubilities, saturated phase densities and viscosities for methane and ethane in extra heavy oil were measured for a temperature range of 50 to 190°C and pressures up to 8 MPa. These temperatures and pressures cover the conditions of the in situ steam processes.
The experimental results indicate that the reductions of the saturated viscosity and density with pressure at high-temperature conditions were not as significant as those at low temperatures for both solvents. However, equilibration time was reduced significantly, and the application of these processes in the field has become practical. The saturated viscosity data versus pressure showed a linear trend at high temperatures and a nonlinear reduction at low temperatures. Furthermore, ethane had a higher viscosity reduction than methane at all conditions. This difference was more significant at lower temperatures. The gas solubility data for all cases demonstrated a linear increase with pressure at different temperatures.
Production Performance Diagnostics Using Field Production Data and Analytical Models: Method and Case Study for the Hydraulically Fractured South Belridge Diatomite
Authors: Yang Zhengming 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Oil and water production data are regularly measured in oil field operations and vary from well to well and change with time. Theoretical models are often used to establish the production expectation for different recovery processes. A performance surveillance understanding can be developed by comparing the field production data with the production expectation. This comparison generates quantitative or qualitative signals to determine if the producer meets production expectation or if the producer is underperforming and appropriate operational action is required to address the underperformance.
The case study is for the South Belridge diatomite in California. This hydraulically fractured diatomite reservoir is currently under waterflood and steamflood. A methodology is proposed to establish the production expectation from historical production data. For primary depletion, the formation linear and bilinear flow models are applied to producers with vertical hydraulic fractures. For waterflood, an analytical method based on Buckley-Leveret displacement theory is used. Those analytical methods can predict production and provide surveillance signals for producers in the primary and waterflood recovery stages. For steamflood, a semi-quantitative performance surveillance criterion is proposed based on understanding the mechanistic oil banking concept and reservoir simulation results for steamflood and waterflood. With those models representing expected production performance, an integrated flow regime diagram is proposed for the purpose of production surveillance. A performance expectation can be developed for an individual producer. A significant over-performance relative to the expectation normally indicates changes in the recovery mechanism or improvement in sweep efficiency. A significant under-performance usually signifies an operational issue that requires correction in order to optimize the production performance.
In the case study, the surveillance methodology for producers under primary depletion, waterflood, steamflood are demonstrated using historical production data. In addition, water channeling between injectors and producers and its impact on production performance is discussed. Based on this surveillance methodology, some operational actions were proposed and successful results are demonstrated. Examples of forecast for individual producer in primary depletion stage and field scale prediction in waterflood stage are provided. Application indicates that the proposed methodology can serve as a convenient and practical tool for reservoir surveillance and operational optimization.
A New Screening Tool for Improved Oil Recovery Methods Using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Parada C. H. , Ertekin T. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
In more recent years, improved oil recovery (IOR) techniques are applied to reservoirs even before their natural energy drive is exhausted by primary depletion. Screening criteria for IOR methods are used to select the appropriate recovery technique in view of the reservoir characteristics. However, further reservoir appraisal is necessary after the applicable recovery technique is identified. The methodology proposed in this paper allows the preliminary evaluation of reservoir performance in parallel with the IOR screening process.
In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) methodology is used to build a high-performance neuro-simulation tool for screening IOR methods such as waterflooding, steam injection and miscible injection of CO2 and N2. This innovative tool integrates the field development plan into the screening method. The reservoir characteristics are evaluated together with a proposed production scenario to assess the most suitable recovery process and, at the same time, the reservoir performance is forecasted by providing the estimated oil production curve.
The screening toolbox consists of proxy models that implement a multilayer cascade feedforward back propagation artificial network algorithm. The proxy models work for a diverse range of reservoir fluids and rock properties. The field development plan is featured in the tool by different well patterns, well spacing and well operating conditions. The ANN screening tool predicts oil production rate, cumulative oil production and estimated production time. The tool also provides the flexibility to compare the hydrocarbon production for different sets of inputs, which facilitates comparison of various depletion strategies in the screening process as well.
The results of this study show that the networks are able to recognize the strong correlation between the displacement mechanism and the reservoir characteristics as they effectively forecast hydrocarbon production for different reservoirs. The tool presents a new means to design an efficient and feasible IOR project by using artificial intelligence. The proposed tool facilitates the appraisal of diverse field development strategies for oil reservoirs and allows comparison of reservoir performance under diverse production schemes.
Visualization Grammar: A Phrase-Based Reservoir Information Visualization System
Authors: Gao Zhenzhen , Nocera Luciano , Neumann Ulrich 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Existing data query and visualization software capable of creating reservoir data visualizations are targeted at expert users and have a high learning curve. Also reservoir data are not usually universally accessible through a unified interface. In this paper we introduce a system called Visualization Grammar (VG) that allows users to generate compelling visualizations from large volumes of structured multi-dimensional reservoir data. VG can be easily deployed and requires virtually no train-ing from end-users.
VG's goal is to create an intuitive and interactive visualization tool aimed at users of the petroleum industry with little or no expertise in data query and graphic design. These visualizations can in turn be used to analyze the ever growing volume of reservoir data.
We describe VG's portable and intuitive user interface and its architecture and provide implementation details. Our results show how VG supports data access and abstraction, visualization query formulation and editing and automatic visua-lization generation. Phrases built by VG provide with a unified and universally intelligible representation that can support collaboration and help managing complex visualization requirements across domains of expertise. We show text, 2D and 3D visualization examples including volume renderings of reservoir data. Collaborative features further improve its usefulness for interdisciplinary data analysis. Consequently VG represents a unified data visualization interface that can be greatly bene-ficial to the petroleum industry.
The VG system provides the following benefits. (1) The user interface is simple and intuitive requires virtually no training. It relies on a natural language formulation supported by a step-by-step visual guidance where the user is presented with valid data and visualization alternatives that are dynamically changing within the context. (2) A volume rendering ex-tension module with a GPU implementation provides interactive performance and improved perception. (3) VG's architecture is scalable and extensible providing access to a heterogeneous set of data sources. VG's visualizations therefore have the po-tential to greatly improve inter-domain collaboration and data analysis in the enterprise.
A Saturation Height Function Model Derived From Capillary Pressure, Lower Etchegoin/Williamson Reservoir, Lost Hills Field
Authors: Lalicata Joseph J. , Tanis Elizabeth A. , Reed Daniel A. , Zannitto Peter J. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
Fluid flow in light, tight oil (LTO) reservoirs is by nature capillary-force dominated, as opposed to viscous-force dominated. However, most LTO reservoir models rely solely on well-log data to initialize volumes of original hydrocarbons in place, ignoring the physics of capillarity. This reliance on well logs owes to the difficulty of generating accurate, core-derived saturation height function models (SHFM). Moreover, when initializing reservoir saturation distributions to drainage capillary pressure curves, the resulting dynamic model must then obey matrix fluid transport, which is governed by oil-water capillary pressure relationships. This often creates difficulty in the history matching process for numerical simulation models that must honor production data. A contradictory approximation of "zero capillary pressure" is often made for simplification.
We successfully constructed a core-derived SHFM and matrix permeability model for the Lower Etchegoin/Williamson reservoir at the Lost Hills field, California. This unconventional reservoir contains light oil (20 to 25° API) with low matrix permeability (0.05 to 10 md). The SHFM and matrix permeability models were constructed using routine and special core analyses from three wells that were cored and logged. High pressure mercury injection (HPMI) capillary pressure measurements were acquired on 16 core-plugs taken across the three main reservoir zones. From capillary pressure analyses, a Williamson SHFM was generated based on best-fits of irreducible water saturation, capillary entry-pressure, Brooks-Corey exponent, and permeability/porosity combinations. A single free water level (FWL) parameter was tuned in the SHFM at each of the well locations to force a match with the resistivity-derived saturation profiles. An excellent match of the saturation profile for the three wells was achieved.
Unexpectedly, the Williamson SHFM has also proven useful in identifying the presence of geologic faults, independent of logs and seismic. When the capillary pressure model was applied to step-out areas, requiring a ‘depth offset’ correction to maintain a constant FWL across fault blocks (relative to the main reservoir block FWL), it was successfully hypothesized that faulting was present. The ‘depth offset’ correction represents the overall vertical fault displacement between reservoir blocks.
What Every Engineer Should Know About Vacuum Insulated Tubing
Authors: Lombard Michael S. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Petroleum Engineer assigned to the task of designing a thermal well completion using insulated tubing will have a number of questions such as: What is the thermal conductivity value?What is the thermal performance, heat loss per foot or meter of length?What are the mechanical properties and limitations of the insulated string?What are my connection options?What is the price?
While these are very specific requests the answers may not be the answers that lead the engineer to the best purchase decision. A certain level of knowledge about high vacuum multilayer insulation systems should be known before the Petroleum Engineer specifies and purchases an insulated tubing string.
Once it’s decided a steam injection program will benefit from the use of insulated tubing and before the purchase decision is made, it’s important that the buyer understand technical matters concerning the type insulating systems that will be installed. This paper attempts to create a level of technical transparency and provide the engineer with a few tools that can be used to evaluate the various manufacturers and technologies.
Multilayered insulated steam injection tubing was introduced in the late 1970’s by General Electric Company finding immediate acceptance as a means to lower steam costs, solve wellbore issues, and improve steam oil ratios. The first insulated tubing consisted of an Argon gas backfilled insulating system having thermal conductivity values in the range of 0.015 Btu/Hr-Ft-°F (0.026 w/mK). A flurry of activities on the part of oil producers and manufacturers lead to the introduction of Vacuum Insulated Tubing (VIT) in 1983, by Babcock & Wilcox Company (Ayres, 1982). This multilayer and gettered high vacuum insulated tubing systems (VIT) offered substantially improved thermal performance having conductivity values in the range of 0.0018-0.0023 Btu/Hr-Ft-°F (0.003-0.004 w/mK).
Ayres, (1982). Patent No. 4,512,721. USA, Ohio.
Field Trials Using an All Metal Ring Seal Floating Packer
Authors: Lombard Michael S. , Townsend Thomas , Ramirez Enrique , Zambrano Mauricio , Ricardo Jesus , Vargas Leonel , Albornoz Jose Francisco , Cardona Marcela Arteage 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Ring Seal Floating Packer is a simple and low cost sealing device for use in steam injection wells and is proven to be an effective mechanical device for controlling and blocking the passage of fluids in an annular space between the tubing and casing. The Ring Seal Packer can be compared to a piston in a cylinder: Pressure forces acting upon a piston result in up and down motion while the piston maintains a seal against the cylinder (casing) wall. Compared to a conventional thermal packer, the Ring Seal Packer does not require an expansion joint allowing the injection tubing to thermally expand and contract while the Ring Seal Packer moves up and down the casing maintaining its sealing ability.
This paper covers the following areas: Mechanical DesignLaboratory testing providing loading confirmation for deployment.Field results at PEMEX Samaria oil field, Mexico, Cyclic Steam Stimulation (CSS)California field results of CSS into vertical wells with multiple zones above and below the RSP.Field results at Mansarovar, Colombia.ConclusionReferences
Multidisciplinary Approach in the Rehabilitation of Missing Lateral Incisors: A New Trend in Daily Practice
Authors: Closs LQ , Reston EG , Tessarollo F , Freitas MPM , Broliato G 
Published: March 2012

SUMMARY
This article reports the case of a patient with bilateral hypodontia of the maxillary lateral incisors who was dissatisfied with the outcome of initial orthodontic treatment, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary interaction among Restorative Dentistry, Orthodontics, and Implantology to achieve satisfactory esthetics and functional results.
Realistic model of spine geometry in the human skeleton in the Vicon system
Authors: Długosz Mirosława , Chwała Wiesław , Maciejasz Paweł , Alda Witold 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The human spine is definitively one of the most important parts of a living body. From biomechanical point of view, this organ is the most complicated structure, and a dynamic analysis of its motion still requires more detailed models be created. The aim of this study is to build an accurate computer model of the geometry of the spine and insert it into available skeleton models, used in Vicon. Up to now such models were simplified and that is why they were not sufficient for research of detailed motion of the spine.
The paper describes the process of creating models of the vertebrae. During research, authors simultaneously used two techniques: 3D scanning of the vertebrae and computed modeling in 3D graphics software. A universal data format: .obj used to keep the information about surface shape of an object, its colour, texture etc. is presented in detail. In a discussion on Vicon data formats and relations between them, several file types are taken under consideration: marker files: .mkr, global model parameters files: .mp, files of the model structure: .mod. But first of all, step-by-step instructions of how to connect the files with geometrical objects for the visualization purposes, are presented.
Research on the changes in voice quality caused by tonsillectomy
Authors: Potępa Łukasz , Tadeusiewicz Ryszard , Szaleniec Joanna 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The article presents the results of the research on the changes in voice quality caused by tonsillectomy. It was carried out in a group of 20 patients (12 male and 8 female). The voice was recorded on a E-MU 0404 USB sound card with a 24-bit A/C AK5385A convertor. Having analyzed the pronunciation of prolonged Polish vowels: /a/, /e/, /i/ and /u/, the researchers defined a set of parameters which differentiate the pronunciation before and after tonsillectomy. The results show that the differences in pronunciation might be observed due to dynamic properties of the articulatory track. Additional researches emphasize the usefulness of such recordings applying external E-MU 0404 USB sound card in the clinical environment.
Efficient Preconditioners for Large Scale Binary Cahn-Hilliard Models
Authors: Boyanova Petia , Do-Quang Minh , Neytcheva Maya 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIn this work we consider preconditioned iterative solution methods for numerical simulations of
multiphase flow problems, modelled by the Cahn-Hilliard equation. We focus on diphasic flows and
the construction and efficiency of a preconditioner for the algebraic systems arising from finite
element discretizations in space and the θ-method in time. The preconditioner utilises to a
full extent the algebraic structure of the underlying matrices and exhibits optimal convergence and
computational complexity properties. Various numerical experiments, including large scale
examples, are presented as well as
performance comparisons with other solution methods.
A Fault Diagnosis Method for Substation Grounding Grid Based on the Square-Wave Frequency Domain Model
Authors: Zhang Peng-He , He Jun-Jia , Zhang Dan-Dan , Wu Lan-Min 
Published: March 2012

A Fault Diagnosis Method for Substation Grounding Grid Based on the Square-Wave Frequency Domain ModelCurrent methods of fault diagnosis for the grounding grid using DC or AC are limited in accuracy and cannot be used to identify the locations of the faults. In this study, a new method of fault diagnosis for substation grounding grids is proposed using a square-wave. A frequency model of the grounding system is constructed by analyzing the frequency characteristics of the soil and the grounding conductors into which two different frequency square-wave sources are injected. By analyzing and comparing the corresponding information of the surface potentials of the output signals, the faults of the grounding grid can be diagnosed and located. Our method is verified by software simulation, scale model experiments and field experiments.
The Effect of Humidity on the Stability of LTCC Pressure Sensors
Authors: Zarnik Marina , Belavic Darko 
Published: March 2012

The Effect of Humidity on the Stability of LTCC Pressure SensorsLTCC-based pressure sensors are promising candidates for wet-wet applications in which the effect of the surrounding media on the sensor's characteristics is of key importance. The effect of humidity on the sensor's stability can be a problem, particularly in the case of capacitive sensors. A differential mode of operation can be a good solution, but manufacturing the appropriate sensing capacitors remains a major challenge. In the case of piezoresistive sensors the influence of humidity is less critical, but it still should be considered as an important parameter when designing sensors for low-pressure ranges. In this paper we discuss the stability of the sensors' offset characteristics, which was inspected closely using experimental and numerical analyses.