bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity increases the risk of major wound complications following pelvic resection for bone sarcoma
Authors: Wang Patrick Qi , Gazendam Aaron , Ibe Izuchukwu , Kim Noel , Alfaraidy Meshal , Eastley Nicholas , Griffin Anthony , Wunder Jay , Ferguson Peter , Tsoi Kim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundGiven the paucity of data, the objective of this study is to evaluate the association between obesity and major wound complications following pelvic bone sarcoma surgery specifically.MethodsPatients who underwent pelvic resection for bone sarcoma from 2005 to 2021 with a minimum 6‐month follow‐up were reviewed. Patients with benign tumors, primary soft tissue sarcomas, local recurrence at presentation, pelvic metastatic disease, and underweight patients were excluded. A major wound complication was defined as the need for a secondary debridement procedure. Differences in baseline demographics, surgical factors, postoperative complications, and functional outcomes were compared between obese and nonobese patients. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify independent risk factors for major wound complications, and a Kaplan–Meier analysis to estimate overall survival between both groups.ResultsOf the 93 included patients, 21 were obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2). The obesity group had a significantly higher rate of major wound complication (52% vs. 26%, p = 0.034) and a lower Toronto Extremity Salvage Score at 1‐year postoperatively (47.5 vs. 71.4, p = 0.025). Obesity was the only independent risk factor in the multivariate analysis. No differences in overall survival were demonstrated between groups.ConclusionsObesity is a significant risk factor for major wound complications in pelvic bone sarcoma treatment. This highlights the importance of careful perioperative optimization and wound management.
A hybrid pseudo‐Malmquist and Grey–TOPSIS model for group efficiency comparison: Bank credit allocation efficiency comparative analysis in China
Authors: Guo Jialin , Wu Desheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the efficiency of credit allocation among various types of banks in China. Seven different varieties of Chinese banks' performance are examined from 2011 to 2021. We introduce a novel hybrid pseudo‐Malmquist–Grey–TOPSIS model that effectively addresses the need for integrating uncertainty and heuristics in relocation decision‐making. Our analysis reveals that the Joint‐Stock Commercial Bank demonstrates superior performance in terms of credit allocation efficiency. In contrast, rural commercial banks exhibit suboptimal performance when it comes to credit allocation convenience, indicating the importance of prudent credit risk management for this category of banks. It is important to note that the loan allocation performance of each bank category is primarily influenced by the distinct characteristics associated with that specific bank type. However, it is crucial to understand that the success of each bank category's frontier, regardless of its quality, should not be considered a causative determinant of the overall performance of such types of banks.
Impact of Prevalent Dietary Pattern on Serum Vitamin B12 Status and Its Association With Inflammation Among Reproductive Age Women
Authors: Ganie Mohammad Ashraf , Bashir Rohina , Sehar Tajali , Asrar Mir , Khan Shahid , Baba Saleem , Tandon Nikhil , Dhadwal Vatsla , Jyotsna Vivekap , Dwivedi Sada Nand 
Published: May 2024

ScopeAssociation between vitamin B12 deficiency (VB12D) and dietary patterns being well documented has bearing on obstetrics and neonatal outcomes. However, relationship between VB12D and serum inflammatory markers (IMs), particularly in vegetarian diet and Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), remains elusive. This cross‐sectional study assesses VB12D and IMs among reproductive age women consuming different diets.Methods and resultsNonvegetarian (PCOS, n = 104; healthy, n = 148) and vegetarian women (PCOS n = 112; healthy, n = 186) are for evaluated clinical, biochemical, hormonal assessment, inflammatory, and four vitamin B 12 (VB12) markers. VB12D is defined by Fedosov's wellness quotient (4cB12). Using 4cB12, prevalence of VB12D is discerned in 54.4% (PCOS: 72.1%; healthy 36.5%) and 93.4% (PCOS: 95.9%; healthy: 91.9%) among nonvegetarians and vegetarians, respectively. Vegetarian PCOS women depict lowest median (interquartile range [IQR]) of serum B12 76.2(72.6) pg mL−1, holotranscobalamine (HTC) 37.9(11.3) and highest homocysteine (HCY) 40.32(6.0) µmol L−1, methylmalonic acid (MMA) 352.26(156.7) nmol L−1 with highest Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR) and IMs (Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1), High sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF‐α) and Interleukin 6 (IL‐6)). Significant correlation of serum hs‐CRP, TNF‐α, and IL‐6 with VB12 markers is observed.ConclusionThe VB12D is rampant among reproductive age women that gets exacerbated by PCOS or vegetarian diet. It is directly correlated with magnitude of proinflammatory markers. The results carry substantial implications for public health policies aimed at improving preconception maternal VB12 status for better future pregnancy and offspring outcomes.
Role of Culinary Indian Spices in the Regulation of TGF‐β Signaling Pathway in Inflammation‐Induced Liver Cancer
Authors: Asoka Ajay Sarija , Kolikkandy Anusha , Nair Bhagyalakshmi , Kamath Adithya J. , Sethi Gautam , Nath Lekshmi R. 
Published: May 2024

ScopeHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) results from various etiologies, such as Hepatitis B and C, Alcoholic and Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disorders, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. About 80 to 90% of HCC cases possess cirrhosis, which is brought on by persistent liver inflammation. TGF‐β is a multifunctional polypeptide molecule that acts as a pro‐fibrogenic marker, inflammatory cytokine, immunosuppressive agent, and pro‐carcinogenic growth factor during the progression of HCC. The preclinical and clinical evidence illustrates that TGF‐β can induce epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition, promoting progression and hepatocyte immune evasion. Therefore, targeting the TGF‐β pathway can be a promising therapeutic option against HCC.Methods and ResultsWe carry out a systemic analysis of eight potentially selected culinary Indian spices: Turmeric, Black pepper, Ginger, Garlic, Fenugreek, Red pepper, Clove, Cinnamon, and their bioactives in regulation of the TGF‐β pathway against liver cancer.ConclusionTurmeric and its active constituent, curcumin, possess the highest therapeutic potential in treating inflammation‐induced HCC and they also have the maximum number of ongoing in‐vivo and in‐vitro studies.
Determination of arsenic and cadmium uptake by rice from topsoil
Authors: Yang Desheng , Liu Zhechuan , Zhao Wenqi , Du Ting , Fan Shengyang , Xiong Zhuang , Peng Shaobing , Li Xiaoxiao , Wang Fei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTopsoil is the main sink of various pollutants and the direct source of heavy metal uptake by crops. In a 2‐year field experiment conducted in central China from 2016 to 2017, the significant role of topsoil in pollutant absorption, in particular the arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) uptake in rice was examined quantitatively. Two soil treatments, removing half of the topsoil (TR) and a control (CK), were applied alongside two rice varieties ‐ Huanghuazhan (HHZ, indica inbred) and Yangliangyou6 (YLY6, indica hybrid). On average, TR reduced the As and Cd concentrations in grain by 10.0% and 56.2%, respectively. The reduction was linked to lower pollutant concentrations in soil above the hardpan and rice straw. TR also decreased shoot As and Cd accumulation by 30.7% and 67.8% at maturity, with topsoil at 12–15 cm depth contributing an average of 2372 μg As m−2 (30.1%) and 138 μg Cd m−2 (66.1%) to total uptake of As and Cd, respectively. Contribution of topsoil to total As uptake remained consistent across growing stages, while for Cd, topsoil contributed 24.8% before heading and 81.2% after. Moreover, varietal differences were observed, with TR significantly reducing grain As and Cd concentrations of YLY6 but no difference in HHZ. This study quantifies topsoil's impact on As and Cd uptake in rice, and underscores genotypic variations in their response to topsoil removal.
Leveraging Ponzi‐like designs in stablecoins
Authors: Fu Shange , Wang Qin , Yu Jiangshan , Chen Shiping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStablecoin represents a unique subset of cryptocurrencies designed to offer price stability, achieved either through backing by specific assets or by employing algorithms that adjust their supply in response to market demand. In its landscape, algorithmic stablecoin is one special type that is not backed by any asset, and it stands to revolutionize the way a sovereign fiat operates. As implemented, algorithmic stablecoins are poorly stabilized in most cases; their prices easily deviate from the target or even fall into a catastrophic collapse and are as a result often dismissed as a Ponzi scheme. However, what is the essence of Ponzi? In this paper, we try to clarify such a deceptive concept and reveal how algorithmic stablecoin works from a higher level. We find that Ponzi is basically a financial protocol that pays existing investors with funds collected from new ones. Running a Ponzi, however, does not necessarily imply that any participant is in any sense losing out, as long as the game can be perpetually rolled over. Economists call such realization as a rational Ponzi game. We accordingly propose a rational model in the context of algorithmic stablecoin and draw its holding conditions. We apply the model and use historical data to examine if the major types of algorithmic stablecoins meet the criteria for being a rational Ponzi game.
An analysis of high order FEM and IGA for explicit dynamics: Mass lumping and immersed boundaries
Authors: Radtke Lars , Torre Michele , Hughes Thomas J.R. , Düster Alexander , Sangalli Giancarlo , Reali Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWe investigate the behavior of different shape functions for the discretization of hyperbolic problems. In particular, we consider classical Lagrange polynomials and B‐splines. The studies focus on the performance of the these functions as a spatial discretization approach combined with an explicit time marching scheme. In this regard, a major concern is the maximum eigenvalue that imposes restrictions on the critical time step size and suitable lumping techniques that yield a diagonal mass matrix. The accuracy of the discretization methods is assessed in an asymptotic manner in terms of the convergence of eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Further, the global accuracy is investigated in terms of the full spectrum. The results show that B‐spline discretization with a consistent mass matrix are more accurate than those based on Lagrange shape functions, which holds true in the boundary‐fitted as well as in the immersed setting. On the other hand, Lagrange shape functions are more robust with respect to standard lumping techniques, which cannot be directly applied for B‐splines without loss of accuracy. In general, we observe that none of the standard lumping schemes yields optimal results for B‐splines, even in the boundary‐fitted setting. For the immersed setting, also Lagrange shape functions show a drop in accuracy which depends on the position of the boundary that cuts the element. Several remedies are considered in order to overcome these issues, including interpolatory B‐spline bases as well as eigenvalue stabilization methods. While accuracy and stability can be improved using these remedies, we conclude from our study that it is still an open question, how to design a discretization method that achieves large critical time step sizes in combination with a diagonal mass matrix and high accuracy in the immersed setting. We note that these considerations primarily relate to linear structural dynamics applications, such as for example, structural acoustics. In nonlinear problems, such as automotive crash dynamics, other considerations predominate. An example of a one‐dimensional elastic‐plastic bar impacting a rigid wall is illustrative.
Deficits in brain glucose transport among younger adults with obesity
Authors: Gunawan Felona , Matson Brooke C. , Coppoli Anastasia , Jiang Lihong , Ding Yuyan , Perry Rachel , Sanchez‐Rangel Elizabeth , DeAguiar Renata Belfort , Behar Kevin L. , Rothman Douglas L. , Mason Graeme F. , Hwang Janice J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveObesity is associated with alterations in eating behavior and neurocognitive function. In this study, we investigate the effect of obesity on brain energy utilization, including brain glucose transport and metabolism.MethodsA total of 11 lean participants and 7 young healthy participants with obesity (mean age, 27 years) underwent magnetic resonance spectroscopy scanning coupled with a hyperglycemic clamp (target, ~180 mg/dL) using [1‐13C] glucose to measure brain glucose uptake and metabolism, as well as peripheral markers of insulin resistance.ResultsIndividuals with obesity demonstrated an ~20% lower ratio of brain glucose uptake to cerebral glucose metabolic rate (Tmax/CMRglucose) than lean participants (2.12 ± 0.51 vs. 2.67 ± 0.51; p = 0.04). The cerebral tricarboxylic acid cycle flux (VTCA) was similar between the two groups (p = 0.64). There was a negative correlation between total nonesterified fatty acids and Tmax/CMRglucose (r = −0.477; p = 0.045).ConclusionsWe conclude that CMRglucose is unlikely to differ between groups due to similar VTCA, and, therefore, the glucose transport Tmax is lower in individuals with obesity. These human findings suggest that obesity is associated with reduced cerebral glucose transport capacity even at a young age and in the absence of other cardiometabolic comorbidities, which may have implications for long‐term brain function and health.
Characteristics of lipid metabolism after treatment of colon cancer mice with American ginseng vesicles
Authors: Weng Ling , Zhao Min , Zhang Yumeng , Xu Ruixiang , Zhang Jiayi , Wang Yingjie , Xu Yanxue , Zhao Chunjie , Wang Miao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionLipid molecules are present in tumours and play an important role in the anti‐inflammatory response as well as in antiviral protection. Changes in the type and location of lipids in the intestine following exposure to environmental stressors play an important role in several disorders, including ulcerative colitis (UC), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and colorectal cancer.ObjectivesThe aim of this work is to provide a new theoretical basis for tumour initiation and development by accurately measuring the spatial distribution of lipids and metabolites in intestinal tissue. Spatial metabolomics allows the detection of samples with minimal sample volume by label‐free imaging of complex samples in their original state. The distribution of lipid molecules in tumours has not been reported, although the distribution of lipid molecules in intestinal tissue has been reported in the literature.MethodsThe range of lipid profiles in colon cancer mouse tumour tissue was compiled using a spatial metabolomics: lipid extraction method. The changes in lipid distribution in two regions after oral administration of American Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) vesicles were also compared. Tumour tissue samples were extracted with 80% methanol—20% formic acid in water.ResultsThe resulting spatial metabolic profile allowed the identification of seven lipid classes in mouse tumours. The distribution of fibre tissue cells was 23.2% higher than tumour tissue cells, with the exception of the fatty acid (FA) species.
Thermo‐mechanical properties of epoxy composites filled with inorganic particulate fillers for robust solder mask application
Authors: Lim William Yung Ling , Jaafar Mariatti , Ishak Ku Marsilla Ku , Chinniah Karuna , Chan Wooi Keong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFiller components play a crucial role as thermo‐mechanical reinforcement to the epoxy‐based solder mask, ensuring effective insulation and passivation. This study investigates the impact of different inorganic filler types (talc, silica (SiO2), boron nitride (BN) and barium sulfate (BaSO4)) and loadings (5 and 15 wt%) on the tensile and thermal properties of the epoxy composites. The composites were blended, cast and thermally cured. Of these composites, only 15 wt% SiO2/epoxy composite exhibits notable increments in both tensile strength and modulus, surpassing unfilled epoxy by 11.65% and 31.9%, respectively. It also displays the highest elongation at break, supported by small particle size, high specific surface area and minimal void volume fraction. For thermal tests, the addition of all fillers increases the storage modulus in both glassy and rubbery regions, especially 15 wt% talc/epoxy composite with 30.09% increment at 25 °C. Additionally, all fillers raise the glass transition temperature (Tg), notably improving it by 9 °C in the 15 wt% BN/epoxy composite. Moreover, their inclusion generally enhances the onset decomposition temperature (Tonset) and reduces weight loss during decomposition. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Effect of sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonate on the structure and properties of thermoplastic polyvinyl alcohol copolymers
Authors: Wang Liang , Zhao Jiawei , Song Bing , Zheng Liuchun , Liu Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThermoplastic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with water‐soluble behavior has received great attention. In this work, a thermoplastic PVA was prepared via solution radical polymerization of vinyl acetate, vinyl pivalate and sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl propane sulfonate (SAMPS). The effects of SAMPS content on the structure and properties of modified poly(vinyl alcohol) (MPVA) were investigated. On increasing the proportion of SAMPS, the characteristic band of –OH moved to a larger wavenumber. Compared to PVA, the melting temperature (Tm) of MPVA decreased from 223.1 to 161.5 °C at 0.03 mol of SAMPS, and the initial thermal decomposition temperature (Td) of MPVA increased from 244.3 to 262.2 °C at 0.05 mol of SAMPS. The crystallinity of the resin reduced from 51.46% to 10.21%. The enlarged difference between Td and Tm ensured the preparation of MPVA by thermal processing. The maximum tensile strength and elastic modulus of the obtained sheets were 137.56 and 2639.32 MPa, respectively. The introduction of SAMPS reduced the alcoholysis degree from 99.03% to 95.80%. The high alcoholysis degree of MPVA meant that it could be dissolved in water at 60 °C. This type of thermoplastic PVA shows a promising application on film and textiles that require water solubility. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Improved drug target deconvolution with PISA‐DIA using an extended, overlapping temperature gradient
Authors: Emery‐Corbin Samantha J. , Yousef Jumana M. , Adhikari Subash , Sumardy Fransisca , Nhu Duong , van Delft Mark F. , Lessene Guillaume , Dziekan Jerzy , Webb Andrew I. , Dagley Laura F. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThermal proteome profiling (TPP) is a powerful tool for drug target deconvolution. Recently, data‐independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA‐MS) approaches have demonstrated significant improvements to depth and missingness in proteome data, but traditional TPP (a.k.a. CEllular Thermal Shift Assay “CETSA”) workflows typically employ multiplexing reagents reliant on data‐dependent acquisition (DDA). Herein, we introduce a new experimental design for the Proteome Integral Solubility Alteration via label‐free DIA approach (PISA‐DIA). We highlight the proteome coverage and sensitivity achieved by using multiple overlapping thermal gradients alongside DIA‐MS, which maximizes efficiencies in PISA sample concatenation and safeguards against missing protein targets that exist at high melting temperatures. We demonstrate our extended PISA‐DIA design has superior proteome coverage as compared to using tandem‐mass tags (TMT) necessitating DDA‐MS analysis. Importantly, we demonstrate our PISA‐DIA approach has the quantitative and statistical rigor using A‐1331852, a specific inhibitor of BCL‐xL. Due to the high melt temperature of this protein target, we utilized our extended multiple gradient PISA‐DIA workflow to identify BCL‐xL. We assert our novel overlapping gradient PISA‐DIA‐MS approach is ideal for unbiased drug target deconvolution, spanning a large temperature range whilst minimizing target dropout between gradients, increasing the likelihood of resolving the protein targets of novel compounds.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided portal pressure gradient identifies patients with previously undiagnosed clinically significant portal hypertension
Authors: Edelson Jerome C. , Edelson Scott F. D. , Quiles John G. , Edelson Cyrus V. , Montminy Eric M. , Horn Christian L. , Magulick John P. , Rockey Don C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsPortal hypertension (PH) is a complication of cirrhosis that leads to hepatic decompensation. Assessing the portal pressure gradient (PPG) provides valuable information for disease assessment, staging, and prognosis. In this study, we aimed to report the utilization of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided PPG (EUS‐PPG) measurements in a real‐world setting.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included patients at a tertiary care center who underwent EUS‐PPG between February 2021 and May 2022. The most common indication was to establish or exclude the diagnosis of cirrhosis, followed by an assessment of surgical risk in the setting of suspected cirrhosis. Extensive demographic and clinical data were collected, and statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t test.ResultsEighteen patients underwent EUS‐PPG. Technical success was achieved in 17 of the 18 patients. No complications were observed. The mean scores of Child‐Pugh, Model for End‐Stage Liver Disease‐Sodium, and Fibrosis‐4 scores were 5.1 ± 0.5, 9.0 ± 3.0, and 3.7 ± 4.5, respectively. Of the 18 patients, two presented with esophageal varices and six with portal hypertensive gastropathy. The mean PPG was 5.8 ± 4.5 mmHg, and five patients exhibited clinically significant PH (CSPH). Of the 18 patients, 15 underwent concurrent EUS‐liver biopsy, which was 100% successful and provided diagnostic histology for all patients. The PPG data led to changes in the clinical management of 17 patients.ConclusionsEUS‐PPG is safe and technically feasible. The Child‐Pugh score did not correlate well with the presence of CSPH; however, PPG measurements resulted in changes in the management of almost all patients. Larger studies correlating EUS‐PPG with other assessments of liver diseases are required.