bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
pH‐Controlled Assemblies of Dimethyltin‐Functionalized 9‐Tungstophosphates with Guanidinium as Structure‐Directing Cation
Authors: Reinoso Santiago , Bassil Bassem S. , Barsukova Maria , Kortz Ulrich 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAqueous reaction of (CH3)2SnCl2 with Na9[A‐α‐PW9O34] in a 3:1 ratio with [C(NH2)3]+ as structure‐directing agent resulted in three distinct assemblies of dimethyltin‐functionalized tungstophosphates depending on the pH: [{(CH3)2Sn(H2O)}{(CH3)2Sn}(A‐α‐PW9O34)]5– (1) at pH = 4.5; [{(CH3)2Sn(H2O)2}{(CH3)2Sn(H2O)}2(A‐α‐PW9O34)]3– (2) at pH = 3.0; and [{(CH3)2Sn(H2O)}3(A‐α‐PW9O34)]3– (3) at pH = 2.0. All three compounds have been characterized in the solid‐state by elemental and thermal analyses, infrared spectroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The [A‐α‐PW9O34]9–trilacunary fragments have three {(CH3)2Sn}2+ groups anchored on the vacant sites via two Sn–O(W) bonds each and they are linked into guanidinium‐templated, extended architectures with dimensionalities increasing with the acidity of the reaction media. The structure of 1 consists of a 1‐dimensional arrangement of alternating [A‐α‐PW9O34]9– subunits and trans‐(CH3)2SnO4 bridging moieties, whereas compounds 2 and 3 are 2‐ and 3‐dimensional assemblies, respectively, of monomeric [{(CH3)2Sn}3(A‐α‐PW9O34)]3– building blocks connected via weak intermolecular Sn–O=W bridges.
In Situ XRD Detection of Reversible Dawsonite Formation on Alkali Promoted Alumina: A Cheap Sorbent for CO2 Capture
Authors: Walspurger Stéphane , Cobden Paul D. , Haije Wim G. , Westerwaal Ruud , Elzinga Gerard D. , Safonova Olga V. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAlkali‐promoted aluminas are inexpensive and robust materials with significant basicity that allow CO2 uptake at relatively high temperature and pressure. In situ XRD experiments show that bulk crystalline carbonate K‐Dawsonite [KAlCO3(OH)2] phase is formed on such materials under relatively high pressure of an equimolar mixture of CO2 and steam (total pressure of 10 bar) and at temperatures up to 300 °C. In parallel, typical needle‐shaped Dawsonite crystallites are observed by SEM after exposure to similar conditions. Furthermore, the in‐situ experiments show that the carbonate crystalline phase disappears between 300–400 °C, and that K‐Dawsonite crystalline phase can be reformed by lowering the temperature in the range 200–300 °C and contacting the material with both steam and CO2 at sufficiently high partial pressure. In a fixed‐bed reactor a high breakthrough capacity of 1.5–1.7 mmol g–1 has been measured. The experimental results reported herein highlight the high potential of alkali‐promoted alumina for cyclic CO2 removal in industrial systems.
Oxime Carbonates: Novel Reagents for the Introduction of Fmoc and Alloc Protecting Groups, Free of Side Reactions
Authors: Khattab Sherine N. , Subirós‐Funosas Ramon , El‐Faham Ayman , Albericio Fernando 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFmoc and Alloc protecting groups represent a consistent alternative to classical Boc protection in peptide chemistry. The former was established in the last decades as the α‐amino protecting group of choice, whereas the latter allows a fully orthogonal protection strategy with Fmoc and Boc. Usually, the introduction of the Fmoc and Alloc moieties takes place through their halogenoformates, azides, or activated carbonates. This rather simple reaction is accompanied by several side reactions, specially the formation of Fmoc/Alloc dipeptides and even tripeptides. The present work describes new promising Fmoc/Alloc‐oxime reagents, which are easy to prepare, stable, and highly reactive crystalline materials that afford almost contaminant‐free Fmoc/Alloc‐amino acids in high yields by following a conventional procedure. Amongst the Fmoc‐oxime derivatives, the N‐hydroxypicolinimidoyl cyanide derivative (N‐{[(9H‐fluoren‐9‐yl)methoxy]carbonyloxy}picolinimidoyl cyanide) gave the best results for the preparation of Fmoc‐Gly‐OH, which is the most predisposed to give side reactions. The same Alloc‐oxime analogue afforded the preparation of Alloc‐Gly‐OH in good yield, purity, and extremely low dipeptide formation, as analyzed by reverse‐phase HPLC and NMR spectroscopy.
Evaluation of the effect of the immunopurification‐based procedures on the CZE‐UV and CZE‐ESI‐TOF‐MS determination of isoforms of intact α‐1‐acid glycoprotein from human serum
Authors: Ongay Sara , Neusüß Christian , Vaas Sabrina , Díez‐Masa Jose Carlos , de Frutos Mercedes 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDifferences in α‐1‐acid glycoprotein (AGP) peptidic and glycan moieties originate several isoforms, whose modifications have been related to different pathophysiological situations. Differences in the isoforms of AGP existing in serum of individuals suffering from different diseases compared to healthy ones could be potentially used as biomarkers. CZE has been proven to be a useful technique for the analysis of glycoprotein isoforms. However, direct CZE analysis of AGP isoforms in serum samples needs efficient purification methods that allow the protein analysis. In this work two new and fast methods to purify AGP from human serum are evaluated in regard to their effect on the determination of isoforms of the intact glycoprotein by CZE‐UV and by a developed CZE‐ESI‐TOF‐MS method. Both preparation methods, which differ in the pre‐treatment of the sample prior to an anti‐AGP immunochromatographic step are shown to be adequate to analyze isoforms of intact AGP. Comparison of both purification methods by CZE‐UV and CZE‐ESI‐TOF‐MS indicates that serum AGP purified without acidic precipitation as pre‐treatment is more adequate due to AGP higher yield, which leads to better CZE‐Mass spectra. Both CZE methods show no indication that acidic precipitation influences the glycosylation (including sialylation) of AGP.
Mass spectrometric analysis of asparagine deamidation and aspartate isomerization in polypeptides
Authors: Yang Hongqian , Zubarev Roman A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractOne of the most frequent modifications in proteins and peptides is the deamidation of asparagine, a spontaneous non‐enzymatic reaction leading to a mixture of L,D‐succinimidyl, L,D‐aspartyl, and L,D‐isoaspartyl forms, with L‐isoaspartyl dominating. Spontaneous isomerization of L‐Asp yields the same products. In vivo, these unusual forms of aspartate are repaired by the protein L‐isoaspartyl O‐methyltransferase enzyme, with the balance between isomerization and repair affecting the organism physiology. Mass spectrometric analysis of this balance involves isomer separation, iso‐Asp/Asp quantification, and iso‐Asp site identification. This review highlights the issues associated with these steps and discusses the prospects of high‐throughput iso‐Asp analysis.
Generation, function, and prognostic utility of somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations in cancer
Authors: Kulawiec Mariola , Salk Jesse J. , Ericson Nolan G. , Wanagat Jonathan , Bielas Jason H. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExciting new studies are increasingly strengthening the link between mitochondrial mutagenesis and tumor progression. Here we provide a comprehensive review and meta‐analysis of studies reporting on mitochondrial DNA mutations in common human cancers. We discuss possible mechanisms by which mitochondrial DNA mutations may influence carcinogenesis, outline important caveats for interpreting the detected mutations—particularly differentiating causality from association–and suggest how new mutational assays may help resolve fundamental controversies in the field and delineate the origin and expansion of neoplastic cell lineages. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical utility of mtDNA mutations for improving the sensitivity of early cancer diagnosis, rapidly detecting cancer recurrence, and predicting the disease outcome. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Butte detachment: how pre‐rift geological structure and drainage integration drive escarpment evolution at rifted continental margins
Authors: Gunnell Y. , Harbor D.J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe erosional pattern of passive margins often follows the fabric of ancient, compressional geological structures exposed by the topographic energy of rifting. As erosion cuts into these belted outcrop systems they impose initial and boundary conditions that steer drainage recession into the plateau edge and control escarpment‐forming conditions. Pattern therefore controls process. Although generic surface process models predict scarp patterns and retreat in settings devoid of geological heterogeneity, they tend to do so only at isolated locations and for periods shorter than the lifespan of the escarpments. Thus, to focus on relatively narrow strike‐perpendicular swaths of passive margin topography misses important aspects of drainage integration, which involves mobile drainage basin boundaries shifting across but also along the strike of inherited geological structures and through continental‐scale bioclimatic zones. Space‐for‐time substitution along three passive margin escarpments (Blue Ridge, Western Ghats, Eastern Ghats) reveals the significance of escarpment jumps and the detachment of topographic outliers, here generically termed ‘buttes’, as key processes of escarpment evolution. The examples show that these continental escarpments are strongly patterned after pre‐rift structural and lithological heterogeneities. As seaward sloping drainages cut into the rift margin, they extend their drainage heads in a non‐uniform and unsteady fashion. As a result escarpments can form, be destroyed, reform, and leave topographic vestiges (buttes) of the retreating escarpment. Given the pre‐rift geological heterogeneities, there are no a priori reasons why escarpment landscape change should be uniform, steady or self‐similar. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Central finite volume methods for ideal and shallow water magnetohydrodynamics
Authors: Touma R. , Arminjon P. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe propose two‐dimensional central finite volume methods based on our multidimensional extensions of Nessyahu and Tadmor's one‐dimensional non‐oscillatory central scheme and a constrained transport‐type method to solve ideal magnetohydrodynamic problems (MHD) and shallow water magnetohydrodynamic problems (SMHD). The main numerical scheme is second‐order accurate both in space and time and uses an original Cartesian grid coupled to a Cartesian‐ or diamond‐staggered dual grid to by‐pass the resolution of the Riemann problems at the cell interfaces. To treat the non‐vanishing magnetic field/flux divergence we have constructed an adaptation of Evans and Hawley's constrained transport method specifically designed for central schemes. Our numerical results show the efficiency and the potential of the scheme. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulation of free‐surface waves in liquid sloshing using a domain‐type meshless method
Authors: Wu Nan‐Jing , Chang Kuang‐An 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBased on the idea of avoiding over‐fitting in artificial neural‐network research using radial basis functions (RBFs), an improved RBF collocation method that reduces the number of RBFs without compromising the accuracy is proposed. This method overcomes the problem of dissatisfying governing equations on boundaries when the conventional RBF collocation method is used in solving partial differential equations. The Poisson and the Laplace equations are chosen to test the proposed method. Based on the method, a three‐dimensional numerical model is established to simulate the fully nonlinear free‐surface waves of sloshing water in a rectangular tank. Simulations of both two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional cases are performed. Simulation results from the present model are validated with experimental measurements and other numerical results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Foxp3 is a novel repressor of microglia activation
Authors: Chung Hwan‐Suck , Lee Jun‐Ho , Kim Hyunseong , Lee Hyo‐Jung , Kim Sung‐Hoon , Kwon Ho‐Keun , Im Sin‐Hyeog , Bae Hyunsu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractForkhead transcription factor3 (Foxp3) is critical for generating CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. However, its role in microglia has not been identified. Here, we show that Foxp3 is expressed in microglia and is upregulated upon activation. In Foxp3 mutant mice (Foxp3sf), microglia release higher levels of inflammatory cytokines and mediators such as NO, MCP‐1, CXCL10, and ROS upon liposaccharide treatment than the wild type, while TNF‐α and IL‐1β were not significantly different between wild and mutant microglial cells. In addition, Foxp3 silencing enhances inflammatory responses, suggesting that the major role of Foxp3 in microglia is that of a repressor of activation. Similarly, Foxp3 overexpression reduces inflammatory responses in microglia. We also demonstrate that Foxp3 interacts directly with NF‐κB and modulates its transcriptional activities. These findings point to the importance of Foxp3 in NF‐κB mediated inflammatory responses in microglia. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuroimaging of the developing brain: Taking “developing” seriously
Authors: Karmiloff‐Smith Annette 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWith a few notable exceptions, many studies, be they behavioral, neuroimaging, or genetic, are snapshots that compare one child group to one adult group, which capture only two points in time and tell the scientist nothing about the mechanisms underlying neural trajectories over developmental time. Thus, a distinction needs to be drawn between child neuroimaging and developmental neuroimaging, the latter approach being relevant not just to children, but to adults and the ageing brain. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Depressed mothers' newborns are less responsive to animate and inanimate stimuli
Authors: Field Tiffany , Hernandez‐Reif Maria , Diego Miguel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractData from our research are reviewed showing limited attentiveness and responsivity to animate stimuli in newborns of depressed mothers. These include face–voice stimuli of mothers and strangers, newborn cry sounds and instrumental and vocal music. Newborns of depressed mothers are also noted to be less attentive and responsive when presented with inanimate stimuli, including different texture nipples, different temperature nipples and different weight tubes. Potential underlying mechanisms are suggested by research showing negative effects of prenatal depression, elevated prenatal cortisol and lower prenatal dopamine and serotonin on the newborns of depressed mothers. Additional risk factors are explored, including sleep disturbances and other prenatal stressors. Early interventions, including pregnancy massage, massage therapy for infants and demonstration of the Brazelton Assessment, have been noted to enhance the neonates' attentiveness and responsivity to animate and inanimate stimuli. Limitations of these studies are discussed, including the sample being limited to lower SES women who have many other problems that potentially affect newborns. More controlled studies are needed to assess potential mediating factors for the inferior performance of these newborns on perceptual tasks such as limited attentiveness and/or greater arousal as well as longitudinal follow‐up studies to determine whether these limited perceptual abilities continue into infancy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Glutamine targeting inhibits systemic metastasis in the VM‐M3 murine tumor model
Authors: Shelton Laura M. , Huysentruyt Leanne C. , Seyfried Thomas N. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMetastatic cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Current therapeutic options consist of chemotherapy, radiation or targeted therapies. However, these therapies are often toxic, effective over a small range of cancer types or result in drug resistance. Therefore, a more global, less toxic strategy for the management of metastatic cancer is required. Although most cancers display increased glucose metabolism, glutamine is also a major energy substrate for many cancers. We evaluated the antimetastatic potential of 6‐diazo‐5‐oxo‐L‐norleucine (DON), a glutamine analog, using the new VM mouse model of systemic metastasis. We found that primary tumor growth was ∼20‐fold less in DON‐treated mice than in untreated control mice. We also found that DON treatment inhibited metastasis to liver, lung and kidney as detected by bioluminescence imaging and histology. Our findings provide proof of concept that metabolic therapies targeting glutamine metabolism can manage systemic metastatic cancer.
Prognostic significance of CDKN2A (p16) promoter methylation and loss of expression in 902 colorectal cancers: Cohort study and literature review
Authors: Shima Kaori , Nosho Katsuhiko , Baba Yoshifumi , Cantor Mami , Meyerhardt Jeffrey A. , Giovannucci Edward L. , Fuchs Charles S. , Ogino Shuji 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN2A (p16/Ink4a) is a tumor suppressor and upregulated in cellular senescence. CDKN2A promoter methylation and gene silencing are associated with the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in colon cancer. However, prognostic significance of CDKN2A methylation or loss of CDKN2A (p16) expression independent of CIMP status remains uncertain. Using a database of 902 colorectal cancers in 2 independent cohort studies (the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow‐up Study), we quantified CDKN2A promoter methylation and detected hypermethylation in 269 tumors (30%). By immunohistochemistry, we detected loss of CDKN2A (p16) expression in 25% (200/804) of tumors. We analyzed for LINE‐1 hypomethylation and hypermethylation at 7 CIMP‐specific CpG islands (CACNA1G, CRABP1, IGF2, MLH1, NEUROG1, RUNX3 and SOCS1); microsatellite instability (MSI); KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations; and expression of TP53 (p53), CTNNB1 (β‐catenin), CDKN1A (p21), CDKN1B (p27), CCND1 (cyclin D1), FASN (fatty acid synthase) and PTGS2 (cyclooxygenase‐2). CDKN2A promoter methylation and loss of CDKN2A (p16) were associated with shorter overall survival in univariate Cox regression analysis [hazard ratio (HR): 1.36, 95% CI: 1.10–1.66, p = 0.0036 for CDKN2A methylation; HR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.03–1.63, p = 0.026 for CDKN2A (p16) loss] but not in multivariate analysis that adjusted for clinical and tumor variables, including CIMP, MSI and LINE‐1 methylation. Neither CDKN2A promoter methylation nor loss of CDKN2A (p16) was associated with colorectal cancer‐specific mortality in uni‐ or multivariate analysis. Despite its well‐established role in carcinogenesis, CDKN2A (p16) promoter methylation or loss of expression in colorectal cancer is not independently associated with patient prognosis.
“Ghosts in the Nursery:” Infant sleep and sleep‐related cognitions of parents raised under communal sleeping arrangements
Authors: Tikotzky Liat , Sharabany Ruth , Hirsch Idit , Sadeh Avi 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn an experiment of nature, a normal cohort of parents who were raised under communal sleeping arrangements (CSA) in Israeli kibbutzim are raising their infants at home under home‐based family sleeping arrangements. The present study focused on exploring the links between the early sleep experiences of CSA parents and their present sleep‐related beliefs and behaviors. In particular, the study assessed whether the cognitions of CSA parents regarding infant sleep differ from cognitions of parents who were raised under home‐based family sleeping arrangements. Furthermore, parental soothing methods and infant sleep patterns were compared. One hundred forty‐one families participated in this study. The children's ages ranged between 4.5 to 30 months. Parental cognitions were evaluated by two questionnaires. Infant sleep was assessed by a questionnaire and by daily parental reports. As expected, CSA parents were more likely than were control parents to: (a) interpret infant night wakings as a sign of distress and (b) actively soothe their infants at bedtime, co‐sleep with them, and report more night wakings of their infants. These findings support the hypothesis that early childhood sleep‐related experiences of parents (“Ghosts in the Nursery”) influence their parental sleep‐related cognitions that in turn affect infant sleep patterns.
Cardiac progenitor cells: Potency and control
Authors: Di Nardo Paolo , Forte Giancarlo , Ahluwalia Arti , Minieri Marilena 
Published: May 2010

AbstractStem cell‐based regeneration of the heart has focused much scientific and public attention being cardiac diseases the major cause of disability and death in industrialized countries. Innumerable efforts have been taken to unveil the mechanisms undergoing stem cell proliferation and fate, but much remains to be endeavoured for their application in clinical practice. Nevertheless, the discovery of progenitor cells resident within the cardiac tissue has sparked off enthusiasm about the possibility of efficiently and safely engineering them to repair the injured myocardium. Indeed, the early applications of the cardiac progenitor cells, mostly based on simplistic concepts and techniques, have failed highlighting the prerequisite of expanding the knowledge about progenitor cell features and microenvironmental conditioning. In this review, recent information on resident cardiac progenitor cells has been systematically gathered in order to create a valuable instrument to support investigators in their efforts to establish an efficient cardiac cell therapy. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 590–600, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Redistribution of mitochondria leads to bursts of ATP production during spontaneous mouse oocyte maturation
Authors: Yu Yuansong , Dumollard Remi , Rossbach Andreas , Lai F. Anthony , Swann Karl 
Published: May 2010

AbstractDuring mammalian oocyte maturation there are marked changes in the distribution of mitochondria that supply the majority of the cellular ATP. Such redistribution of mitochondria is critical for oocyte quality, as oocytes with a poor developmental potential display aberrant mitochondrial distribution and lower ATP levels. Here we have investigated the dynamics of mitochondrial ATP production throughout spontaneous mouse oocyte maturation, using live measurements of cytosolic and mitochondrial ATP levels. We have observed three distinct increases in cytosolic ATP levels temporally associated with discrete events of oocyte maturation. These changes in cytosolic ATP levels are mirrored by changes in mitochondrial ATP levels, suggesting that mitochondrial ATP production is stimulated during oocyte maturation. Strikingly, these changes in ATP levels correlate with the distribution of mitochondria undergoing translocation to the peri‐nuclear region and aggregation into clusters. Mitochondrial clustering during oocyte maturation was concomitant with the formation of long cortical microfilaments and could be disrupted by cytochalasin B treatment. Furthermore, the ATP production bursts observed during oocyte maturation were also inhibited by cytochalasin B suggesting that mitochondrial ATP production is stimulated during oocyte maturation by microfilament‐driven, sub‐cellular targeting of mitochondria. J. Cell. Physiol. 224: 672–680, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.