bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the status of argumentative essay writing strategies and problems of Iranian EFL learners
Authors: Mallahi Omid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study explores the status of argumentative essay writing strategy use and identifies the problems a convenient sample of Iranian EFL learners face while writing argumentative essays in English. Adopting a complementary process-genre approach and a mixed-methods research design, the researcher designed a genre-specific argumentative essay-writing strategy use questionnaire and pilot-tested it in an essay-writing course. The necessary data were collected using the designed questionnaire, students' argumentative texts written in the classes and their responses to the open-ended survey and semi-structured interviews. The results indicated a rather low status of strategy use in the sample since the students mostly depended on their previous writing competencies rather than following the conventions of working on this new genre of writing. The results of the open-ended survey, semi-structured interviews, and the analyses of students' argumentative texts indicated significant problems in the students' essay writing performance, categorized as cognitive, linguistic and discourse, and psychological problems, which were further attributed to the newness and complexities imposed by this genre of writing, students’ inadequate linguistic and discourse competence and their inefficient use of writing strategies. Finally, it was suggested that to assist the students in writing better argumentative texts, writing instructors must ensure students have a fundamental understanding of what an argument is, including the components like claims, evidence, warrants and counterarguments, and encourage critical thinking by teaching students how to evaluate evidence, find logical fallacies and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of different arguments. They also need to share well-written argumentative essays as models for students to analyze and learn from, incorporate strategy instruction in their practices, offer further opportunities for writing and practicing in this genre of writing, and provide appropriate scaffolding and timely feedback on the students’ argumentative writing performance.
Evaluation of audiovestibular functions in patients with posterior circulation cerebrovascular stroke
Authors: Koura Rabab Ahmed , El-Badry Mohamed Mohamed , Hussein Mona , Ali Faten Mohamed , Radwan Manar Abdelrahman Ahmed , Youssef Ragaey 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
It has been found that 25% of posterior circulation stroke patients experience vertigo. Sudden hearing loss due to a vascular source is typically caused by infarction in the anterior inferior cerebellar artery territory. However, it is uncommon in the posterior inferior cerebellar artery territory infarction.

Aim of the work
The objective of the proposed study is to evaluate the function of the auditory and vestibular system in patients with posterior circulation cerebrovascular stroke.

Methods
Fifty patients with posterior circulation stroke, diagnosed by MRI at least 3 months after onset, were included. The controls consisted of fifty healthy people. The average age in cases was 58.68 ± 8.60 years, while in controls, it was 55.44 ± 11.72. The Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to conduct clinical assessments. All study groups were investigated using pure tone audiometry, auditory brain stem-evoked potential (ABR), videonystagmography (VNG), and vestibular-evoked myogenic potential (VEMP).

Results
MRI findings revealed that pontine infarction was the most frequent lesion in 36 (72%) patients. The latencies of ABR waves I, III, V, 1–III, I–V, and III–V were all considerably longer in cases than controls. Cervical VEMP P1 latency was considerably delayed in cases compared to controls, as the amplitude was lower. VNG data found abnormalities in all test parameters, indicating central disease.

Conclusion
Posterior circulation stroke causes acute sensorineural hearing loss with varying degrees. Videonystagmography is an accurate assessment of oculomotor function that can be combined with vestibular-evoked myogenic potential to objectively assess posterior circulation stroke patients.
Artificial intelligence-based adaptive anomaly detection technology for IaaS cloud virtual machines
Authors: Jiang Guoming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs infrastructure-as-a-service clouds quickly grow, an increasing number of businesses and people are moving their application development to the cloud. The purpose of the research is to solve the problem of identifying memory anomalies in cloud virtual machines and improve the accuracy of the model in detecting abnormal situations. This paper presents a model for detecting virtual machine anomalies in IaaS cloud platform. The model considers the unique properties of monitoring metrics as time-series data and proposes an approach based on four important virtual machine monitoring metrics. The study also develops an adaptive anomaly detection system based on deep Q-network algorithms and migration learning principles for the variety of VM monitoring data in the cloud. The testing findings reveal that utilizing a Zoom layer with a 2-kernel size can increase detection accuracy to 96.7%. This demonstrates that a portion of the experimental data can extract the temporal features using the Zoom layer and different kernel sizes. The research model for anomaly detection had a classification accuracy of 99.8%. The deep Q-network model’s final anomaly detection accuracy varies from 96.7 to 98.6%. The outcomes of the research improved the system’s security and dependability, showed the worth of the overall framework design, and significantly decreased the number of resources needed for system operation and maintenance.
Plasma Lipidomic Profiling Identifies Elevated Triglycerides as Potential Risk Factor in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Yeung Nicole , Li Tiffany , Lin Hui-Ming , Timmins Hannah C. , Goldstein David , Harrison Michelle , Friedlander Michael , Mahon Kate L. , Giles Corey , Meikle Peter J. , Park Susanna B. , Horvath Lisa G. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a dose-limiting side effect of cytotoxic cancer treatment, often necessitating dose reduction (DR) or chemotherapy discontinuation (CD). Studies on peripheral neuropathy related to chemotherapy, obesity, and diabetes have implicated lipid metabolism. This study examined the association between circulating lipids and CIPN. METHODS Lipidomic analysis was performed on plasma samples from 137 patients receiving taxane-based treatment. CIPN was graded using Total Neuropathy Score-clinical version (TNSc) and patient-reported outcome measure European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-CIPN (EORTC-QLQ-CIPN20). RESULTS A significant proportion of elevated baseline lipids were associated with high-grade CIPN defined by TNSc and EORTC-QLQ-CIPN20 including triacylglycerols (TGs). Multivariable Cox regression on lipid species, adjusting for BMI, age, and diabetes, showed several elevated baseline TG associated with shorter time to DR/CD. Latent class analysis identified two baseline lipid profiles with differences in risk of CIPN (hazard ratio, 2.80 [95% CI, 1.50 to 5.23]; P = .0013). The higher risk lipid profile had several elevated TG species and was independently associated with DR/CD when modeled with other clinical factors (diabetes, age, BMI, or prior numbness/tingling). CONCLUSION Elevated baseline plasma TG is associated with an increased risk of CIPN development and warrants further validation in other cohorts. Ultimately, this may enable therapeutic intervention.
Incidence and clinical outcome of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury after periacetabular osteotomy
Authors: Fujita Jun , Doi Nobunao , Kinoshita Koichi , Seo Hajime , Doi Kenichiro , Yamamoto Takuaki 
Published: May 2024

AimsLateral femoral cutaneous nerve (LFCN) injury is a complication after periacetabular osteo-tomy (PAO) using an anterior approach, which might adversely affect the outcome. However, no prospective study has assessed the incidence and severity of this injury and its effect on the clinical outcomes over a period of time for longer than one year after PAO. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and severity of the symptoms of LFCN injury for ≥ three years after PAO and report its effect on clinical outcomes.MethodsA total of 40 hips in 40 consecutive patients who underwent PAO between May 2016 and July 2018 were included in the study, as further follow-up of the same patients from a previous study. We prospectively evaluated the incidence, severity, and area of symptoms following LFCN injury. We also recorded the clinical scores at one year and ≥ three years postoperatively using the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association Hip Disease Evaluation Questionnaire (JHEQ) scores.ResultsA total of 20 patients (50%) had symptoms of a LFCN injury at one year after PAO. At ≥ three years postoperatively, the symptoms had completely resolved in seven of these patients and 13 (33%) had persistent symptoms. The severity and area of symptoms did not significantly differ between one and ≥ three years postoperatively. The JHEQ showed significant differences in the patient satisfaction and mental scores between those with and those without sypmtoms of LFCN injury at ≥ three years postoperatively, while there was no significant difference in the mean SF-36 scores.ConclusionThe incidence of LFCN injury after PAO using an anterior approach is high. The outcome of PAO, ≥ three years postoperatively, is poorer in patients with persistent symptoms from a perioperative LFCN injury, in that patient satisfaction and mental health scores are adversely affected.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5 Supple B):11–16.
Long-term outcomes of revision total hip arthroplasty with the Zimmer Modular Revision hip system
Authors: Hickie Kirsten L. , Neufeld Michael E. , Howard Lisa C. , Greidanus Nelson V. , Masri Bassam A. , Garbuz Donald S. 
Published: May 2024

AimsThere are limited long-term studies reporting on outcomes of the Zimmer Modular Revision (ZMR) stem, and concerns remain regarding failure. Our primary aim was to determine long-term survival free from all-cause revision and stem-related failure for this modular revision stem in revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Secondary aims included evaluating radiological and functional outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively identified all patients in our institutional database who underwent revision THA using the ZMR system from January 2000 to December 2007. We included 106 patients (108 hips) with a mean follow-up of 14.5 years (2.3 to 22.3). Mean patient age was 69.2 years (37.0 to 89.4), and 51.9% were female (n = 55). Indications for index revision included aseptic loosening (73.1%), infection (16.7%), fracture (9.3%), and stem fracture (0.9%). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to determine the all-cause and stem-related failure revision-free survival. At most recent follow-up, Oxford Hip Scores (OHS) were collected, and radiological stem stability was determined using the Engh classification.ResultsA total of 17 hips (15.7%) underwent re-revision of any component. Indications for re-revision were stem failure (35.3%; n = 6), infection (29.4%; n = 5), instability (29.4%; n = 5), and acetabular aseptic loosening (5.9%; n = 1). The five- and 15-year all-cause survival was 89.7% (95% confidence interval (CI) 86.7 to 92.7) and 83.3% (95% CI 79.6 to 87.0), respectively. There were six re-revisions (5.6%) for stem failure; five for stem fracture and one for aseptic loosening. The five- and 15-year survival free from stem-related failure was 97.2% (95% CI 95.6 to 98.8) and 94.0% (95% CI 91.6 to 96.4), respectively. At final follow-up, the mean OHS was 36.9 (8.0 to 48.0) and 95.7% (n = 66) of surviving modular revision stems were well-fixed in available radiographs.ConclusionFemoral revision with the ZMR offers satisfactory long-term all-cause revision-free survival, good survival free of stem-related failure, and favourable clinical outcomes. Stem fracture was the most common reason for stem-related failure and occurred both early and late. This highlights the importance of both early and long-term surveillance for stem-related failure.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5 Supple B):112–117.
Can a reconstruction algorithm in major acetabular bone loss be successful in revision hip arthroplasty?
Authors: Jones Stephen A. , Parker Jack , Horner Matthew 
Published: May 2024

AimsThe aims of this study were to determine the success of a reconstruction algorithm used in major acetabular bone loss, and to further define the indications for custom-made implants in major acetabular bone loss.MethodsWe reviewed a consecutive series of Paprosky type III acetabular defects treated according to a reconstruction algorithm. IIIA defects were planned to use a superior augment and hemispherical acetabular component. IIIB defects were planned to receive either a hemispherical acetabular component plus augments, a cup-cage reconstruction, or a custom-made implant. We used national digital health records and registry reports to identify any reoperation or re-revision procedure and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) for patient-reported outcomes. Implant survival was determined via Kaplan-Meier analysis.ResultsA total of 105 procedures were carried out in 100 patients (five bilateral) with a mean age of 73 years (42 to 94). In the IIIA defects treated, 72.0% (36 of 50) required a porous metal augment; the remaining 14 patients were treated with a hemispherical acetabular component alone. In the IIIB defects, 63.6% (35 of 55) underwent reconstruction as planned with 20 patients who actually required a hemispherical acetabular component alone. At mean follow-up of 7.6 years, survival was 94.3% (95% confidence interval 97.4 to 88.1) for all-cause revision and the overall dislocation rate was 3.8% (4 of 105). There was no difference observed in survival between type IIIA and type IIIB defects and whether a hemispherical implant alone was used for the reconstruction or not. The mean gain in OHS was 16 points. Custom-made implants were only used in six cases, in patients with either a mega-defect in which the anteroposterior diameter > 80 mm, complex pelvic discontinuity, and massive bone loss in a small pelvis.ConclusionOur findings suggest that a reconstruction algorithm can provide a successful approach to reconstruction in major acetabular bone loss. The use of custom implants has been defined in this series and accounts for < 5% of cases.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5 Supple B):47–53.
Intraoperative calprotectin lateral flow immunoassay can assist decision-making between one- and two-stage revision total hip arthroplasty for patients with suspected periprosthetic joint infection
Authors: Macheras George A. , Argyrou Chrysoula , Tzefronis Dimitrios , Milaras Christos , Tsivelekas Konstantinos , Tsiamtsouris Konstantinos G. , Kateros Konstantinos , Papadakis Stamatios A. 
Published: May 2024

AimsAccurate diagnosis of chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) presents a significant challenge for hip surgeons. Preoperative diagnosis is not always easy to establish, making the intraoperative decision-making process crucial in deciding between one- and two-stage revision total hip arthroplasty (THA). Calprotectin is a promising point-of-care novel biomarker that has displayed high accuracy in detecting PJI. We aimed to evaluate the utility of intraoperative calprotectin lateral flow immunoassay (LFI) in THA patients with suspected chronic PJI.MethodsThe study included 48 THAs in 48 patients with a clinical suspicion of PJI, but who did not meet European Bone and Joint Infection Society (EBJIS) PJI criteria preoperatively, out of 105 patients undergoing revision THA at our institution for possible PJI between November 2020 and December 2022. Intraoperatively, synovial fluid calprotectin was measured with LFI. Cases with calprotectin levels ≥ 50 mg/l were considered infected and treated with two-stage revision THA; in negative cases, one-stage revision was performed. At least five tissue cultures were obtained; the implants removed were sent for sonication.ResultsCalprotectin was positive (≥ 50 mg/l) in 27 cases; out of these, 25 had positive tissue cultures and/or sonication. Calprotectin was negative in 21 cases. There was one false negative case, which had positive tissue cultures. Calprotectin showed an area under the curve of 0.917, sensitivity of 96.2%, specificity of 90.9%, positive predictive value of 92.6%, negative predictive value of 95.2%, positive likelihood ratio of 10.6, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.04. Overall, 45/48 patients were correctly diagnosed and treated by our algorithm, which included intraoperative calprotectin measurement. This yielded a 93.8% concordance with postoperatively assessed EBJIS criteria.ConclusionCalprotectin can be a valuable tool in facilitating the intraoperative decision-making process for cases in which chronic PJI is suspected and diagnosis cannot be established preoperatively.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5 Supple B):118–124.
Health status after periprosthetic proximal femoral fractures
Authors: Nieboer Michael F. , van der Jagt Olav P. , de Munter Leonie , de Jongh Mariska A. C. , van de Ree Cornelis L. P. 
Published: May 2024

AimsPeriprosthetic proximal femoral fractures (PFFs) are a major complication after total hip arthroplasty (THA). Health status after PFF is not specifically investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate the health status pattern over two years after sustaining a PFF.MethodsA cohort of patients with PFF after THA was derived from the Brabant Injury Outcomes Surveillance (BIOS) study. The BIOS study, a prospective, observational, multicentre follow-up cohort study, was conducted to obtain data by questionnaires pre-injury and at one week, and one, three, six, 12, and 24 months after trauma. Primary outcome measures were the EuroQol five-dimension three-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L), the Health Utility Index 2 (HUI2), and the Health Utility Index 3 (HUI3). Secondary outcome measures were general measurements such as duration of hospital stay and mortality.ResultsA total of 70 patients with a PFF were included. EQ-5D utility scores were significantly lower on all timepoints except at six months’ follow-up compared to pre-injury. EuroQol visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) scores at one month's follow-up were significantly lower compared to pre-injury. The percentage of reported problems at two years was higher for all dimensions except anxiety/depression when compared to pre-injury. The mean EQ-5D utility score was 0.26 higher in males compared to females (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01 to 0.42; p = 0.003). The mean EQ-VAS score for males was 8.9 points higher when compared to females over all timepoints (95% CI 1.2 to 16.7; p = 0.027). Mortality was 10% after two years’ follow-up.ConclusionPFF patients are a frail population with substantial functional impairment at baseline. Post-injury, they have a significant and clinically relevant lower health status two years after trauma when compared to pre-injury. Health status improves the most between one and three months after injury. Two years after PFF, more patients experience problems in mobility, self-care, usual activities, and pain/discomfort than pre-injury.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5):442–449.
Bone grafting for periprosthetic bone cysts following total ankle arthroplasty
Authors: Lee Min-Su , Lee Gun-Woo , Lee Keun-Bae 
Published: May 2024

AimsThe purpose of this study was to assess the success rate and functional outcomes of bone grafting for periprosthetic bone cysts following total ankle arthroplasty (TAA). Additionally, we evaluated the rate of graft incorporation and identified associated predisposing factors using CT scan.MethodsWe reviewed a total of 37 ankles (34 patients) that had undergone bone grafting for periprosthetic bone cysts. A CT scan was performed one year after bone grafting to check the status of graft incorporation. For accurate analysis of cyst volumes and their postoperative changes, 3D-reconstructed CT scan processed with 3D software was used. For functional outcomes, variables such as the Ankle Osteoarthritis Scale score and the visual analogue scale for pain were measured.ResultsOut of 37 ankles, graft incorporation was successful in 30 cases. Among the remaining seven cases, four (10.8%) exhibited cyst re-progression, so secondary bone grafting was needed. After secondary bone grafting, no further progression has been noted, resulting in an overall 91.9% success rate (34 of 37) at a mean follow-up period of 47.5 months (24 to 120). The remaining three cases (8.1%) showed implant loosening, so tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis was performed. Functional outcomes were also improved after bone grafting in all variables at the latest follow-up (p < 0.05). The mean incorporation rate of the grafts according to the location of the cysts was 84.8% (55.2% to 96.1%) at the medial malleolus, 65.1% (27.6% to 97.1%) at the tibia, and 81.2% (42.8% to 98.7%) at the talus. Smoking was identified as a significant predisposing factor adversely affecting graft incorporation (p = 0.001).ConclusionBone grafting for periprosthetic bone cysts following primary TAA is a reliable procedure with a satisfactory success rate and functional outcomes. Regular follow-up, including CT scan, is important for the detection of cyst re-progression to prevent implant loosening after bone grafting.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(5):475–481.
Association between PM10 exposure and risk of myocardial infarction in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Strobl Kleiton , Irfan Syed Asad , Masood Hassan , Latif Noor , Kurmi Om 
Published: May 2024

Background
Air pollution has several negative health effects. Particulate matter (PM) is a pollutant that is often linked to health adversities. PM2.5 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5μm) exposure has been associated with negative cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, the impact of PM10 (PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10μm) exposure is often overlooked due to its limited ability to pass the alveolar barrier. This study aims to assess the association between PM10 exposure and risk of myocardial infarction (MI) amongst adults (≥18 years of age) as this has been poorly studied.

Methods
The study protocol was published on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (CRD42023409796) on March 31, 2023. Literature searches were conducted on 4 databases (Ovid Medline, Embase, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and Web of Science) on January 17, 2023, for studies looking at associations between PM and MI. English studies from all time periods were assessed. Studies selected for review were time-series, case-crossover, and cohort studies which investigated the risk of MI as an outcome upon PM10 exposure. The quality of evidence was assessed using Cochrane’s Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Data for different risk outcomes (risk ratio (RR), odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR)) and 3 lags was meta-analyzed using an inverse variance statistical analysis using a random effects model. The pooled effect sizes and the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported in forest plots.

Results
Among the 1,099 studies identified, 41 were included for review and 23 were deemed eligible for meta-analysis. Our analysis revealed that there is an increased risk (OR = 1.01; 95% CI:1.00–1.02) of MI with a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 after a lag 0 and lag 1 delay.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that PM10 exposure is associated with an increased risk of MI. This can aid in informing environmental policy-making, personal-level preventative measures, and global public health action.