bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Chemical Diagnosis of Diseases Assisted by Logistic Regression Illustrated by Diagnosis of Canine Primary and Secondary Hepatobiliary Diseases
Authors: JENSEN A.L. , HØIER R. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryObjective: The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the use of logistic regression models in the prediction of diseases using the prediction of canine primary and secondary hepatobiliary diseases as an example. Briefly, in a logistic regression model independent variables (i.e. the analytical results) are combined in a linear equation that is used to estimate the logarithm of the odds (logit) of an event (i. e. having primary or secondary hepatobiliary disease). From the estimated logit given by the logistic regression model, a conditional probability of the event (i. e. having primary or secondary hepatobiliary disease) can be calculated.Study Design: Twenty‐six dogs with verified primary and secondary hepatobiliary diseases and 19 dogs, initially suspected to have hepatobiliary diseases, but with apparently other diseases, were included in the study. The following clinical chemical parameters were measured: alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), bilirubinTotal(TB), urea, glucose, retention of bromosulphthalein (BSP), fasting and postprandial total serum bile acid concentration (FSBA and PSBA). Logistic regression analysis, using the CATMOD procedure in SAS®, was used to select which of the measured parameters should be included in the model, and to derive a logistic regression model using the selected parameters. To observe more closely the potential of the logistic regression model, the model was also used to classify a test group consisting of 13 dogs (6 dogs with hepatobiliary diseases and 7 dogs with other diseases).Results: By logistic regression analysis, ASAT and PSBA were selected to be included in the final model, and the final logistic regression model was Y = −3.194 + 0.044 · PSBA + 3.251 · ASAT.The logistic regression model classified correctly 38 (84%) of 45 dogs in the present study. Specifically, 21 (81%) of 26 dogs with verified primary or secondary hepatobiliary diseases and 17 (90%) of 19 dogs with various other diseases were correctly classified by the logistic regression model. When the model was used on the test group, 5 (83%) of 6 dogs with hepatobiliary diseases and 7 dogs (100%) of 7 dogs with other diseases were correctly classified.Conclusions: Eventhough the logistic regression model derived in the present study only serves as an example, thus reducing the practical usefulness of the derived logistic regression model, the present study indicates a great potential of logistic models for the diagnosis of diseases.
Determination of the Fructosamine Concentration in Bovine Serum Samples
Authors: JENSEN A.L. , PETERSEN M.B. , HOUE H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe study reports on a spectrophotometric assay for the determination of serum fructosamine concentration. The assay was evaluated for use in bovine serum samples by assessment of the precision, accuracy and detectability. A reference interval for the bovine serum fructosamine concentration was also established. Further, the effect of acute changes in blood glucose on serum fructosamine concentration as well as the diurnal variations of the serum fructosamine concentration were investigated. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows:Determination of bovine serum fructosamines may be achieved by a precise and accurate assay with a detection limit well below the serum fructosamine concentration normally found in bovine sera.As a reference interval for the bovine serum fructosamine concentration 213.4 μmol/l to 265.0 μmol/l may be used. Serum fructosamine concentration is not affected by acute changes in blood glucose, and it displays no significant diurnal variation in cows.
Hemiplegia laryngisbei Warmblutpferden — eine Untersuchung an Hengsten, Stuten und deren Nachkommen*
Authors: OHNESORGE B. , DEEGEN E. , MIESNER K. , GELDERMANN H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryHemiplegia laryngisin Horses — an Examination on Stallions, Mares and their OffspringLaryngoscopy examination during sedation was performed on 24 stallions and on their offspring (240 foals and 474 adult horses). Additionally the dams (n = 308) of 35 foals and 216 horses were examined. With the bilateral comparison of the arytaenoid movements the function of the abductory and adductory laryngeal muscles were evaluated and the left abductory dysfunction (idiopathic laryngeal hemiplegia, ILH) was divided into six degrees.The incidence and degree of ILH depended on age and the occurrence of the same dysfunction in the parents. Foals suffered in significantly lower number (24.7 per cent) than adult horses (49.7 per cent). The progeny of unaffected parents suffered significantly less from ILH (8.9 per cent of the foals, 39.6 per cent of the adult offspring) than did comparable progeny of affected parents (41 per cent of the foals, 60.9 per cent of the adult offspring). There was no correlation between the occurrence of ILH and sex.120 horses were examined laryngoscopically and during work to get an information about the correlation between a visible ILH and the appearance of a typical inspiratory noise. 54.3 per cent of the horses with ILH had a typical inspiratory noise. 80.9 per cent of the horse with a typical inspiratory noise showed ILH.ZusammenfassungBei 24 Warmbluthengsten sowie 240 Warmblutfohlen und 474 erwachsenen Nachkommen dieser Hengste wurde eine laryngoskopische Untersuchung in Sedierung durchgeführt. Von 205 dieser Fohlen und 216 dieser erwachsenen Nachkommen wurden ebenfalls die Mutterstuten (n = 308) untersucht. Anhand des endoskopischen Bildes wurde die Funktion der abduzierenden und adduzierenden Kehlkopfmuskulatur seitenvergleichend bewertet und eine Störung der linksseitig abduzierenden Funktion (Hemiplegia laryngis sinistra) in sechs Grade eingeteilt.Die Häufigkeit und der Schweregrad einerHemiplegia laryngis sinistrawar abhängig vom Alter und vom Auftreten der Erkrankung bei den Elterntieren. Bei Fohlen war sie mit 24,7% weniger häufig zu beobachten als mit 49,7% bei Pferden ab zweitem Lebensjahr. Fohlen bzw. erwachsene Nachkommen von nicht betroffenen Elterntieren zeigten zu 8,9% bzw. 39,6% eineHemiplegia laryngis sinistra, Fohlen bzw. erwachsene Nachkommen von betroffenen Eltern zu 41% bzw. 60,6%. Eine Beziehung zwischen dem Auftreten derHemiplegia laryngis sinistraund dem Geschlecht bestand nicht.Bei 120 erwachsenen Pferden wurde die Beziehung zwischen dem Auftreten eines Atemgeräusches bei Belastung und der laryngoskopisch sichtbaren Funktion des Kehlkopfes geprüft. Bei 54,3% der Pferde mit einerHemiplegia laryngis sinistratrat ein typisches “tonartiges” Atemgeräusch auf. 80,9% der Pferde, bei denen ein typisches “tonartiges” Atemgeräusch wahrnehmbar war, zeigten auch eineHemiplegia laryngis sinistra.
Dicephalus, Arnold‐Chiari Malformation and Spina Bifida in a Japanese Black Calf
Authors: MADARAME H. , ITO N. , TAKAI S. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA case of dicephalus, Arnold‐Chiari malformation (ACM) and spina bifida was reported in a Japanese Black calf. Both brains and craniums showed the same abnormalities as those of the monocephalic cases with ACM and were mirror‐images of each other. The common findings were elongation of the brain, caudal displacement and hypoplasia of the cerebellum, dorso‐ventral compression of the skull, platybasia, and enlargement of the foramen magnum. The craniolacunia was also found in our case.
Effects of Insulin Administration at Weaning on Hormonal Patterns and Reproductive Performance in Primiparous Sows
Authors: ROJKITTIKHUN T. , EINARSSON S. , ZILINSKAS H. , EDQVIST L.‐E. , UVNÄS‐MOBERG K. , LUNDEHEIM N. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTwelve primiparous sows were grouped into six pairs. One sow from each pair (T) received subcutaneous injections of porcine insulin as follows: pairs 1 and 2, 0.5 IU/kg at 07.00 h; pairs 3 to 6, 0.5 IU/kg at 07.00 and 15.00 h. Insulin administration was started one day before weaning and continued until the last day of post‐weaning oestrus. Control sows (C) received physiological saline solution as a sham treatment. Blood samples were collected every 3 h from 09.00 to 21.00 h and, additionally, at 07.00 h during the period of insulin treatment. Additional blood samples were collected at 15‐min intervals for 6 h for 2 days before and for 3 days after weaning, and for 12 h on the day of weaning (D 35 of lactation). Exogenous treatment with insulin increased plasma levels of insulin (53 v 36 mU/l, P < 0.001) and decreased plasma levels of glucose (4.6 v 5.5 mmol/l, P < 0.001) in T‐sows as compared to C‐sows. During the treatment period, the average levels of cortisol (31 v 35 nmol/l, P < 0.001) and non‐esterified fatty acids (0.13 v 0.16 mmol/l, P < 0.01) were lower in T‐ than in C‐sows. No differences in glucagon or urea levels were observed between the two groups. Plasma levels of LH were higher in T‐ than in C‐sows both before and during the treatment period. However, no differences in number of LH pulses/6 h were found between the two groups. Plasma concentrations of oestradiol‐17β were higher in C‐ than in T‐sows before the treatment started, but no between‐group difference was found during the treatment period. Administration of insulin did not shorten the interval from weaning to oestrus (T‐sows, 5.1 ± 1.0 days; C‐sows, 5.2 ± 1.0 days). The average number of corpora lutea found was lower in T‐sows (13.8 ± 3.4) than in C‐sows (20.1 ± 2.8).
Intestinal Transport of Taurocholate in the Cat*
Authors: WOLFFRAM S. , GRENACHER B. , SCHARRER E. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn the present study, the transport of taurocholate by brush border membrane vesicles (BBMV), prepared from the proximal and distal half of the small intestine of cats was investigated. Uptake of taurocholate (0.01 mmol/l) into BBMV from the distal small intestine was clearly enhanced in the presence of an inwardly directed initial Na+ gradient compared to choline+ gradient conditions, whereas uptake by BBMV from the proximal half of the small intestine was not substantially different between the two incubation conditions. Calculated uptake of taurocholate at a 10 s incubation period was mainly due to transfer of taurocholate into the vesicular lumen rather than to extensive binding of taurocholate to the membranes. Evaluation of the kinetics of taurocholate transport across the brush border membrane of the distal half of the small intestine under Na+ gradient conditions revealed a saturable Na+‐dependent component and a diffusive component with the subsequent apparent parameters: Vmax (maximal transport velocity) = 0.59nmol/mg protein · 10 s. KM (affinity constant) = 0.12 mmol/l, D (diffusion constant) = 2.0 μl/mg protein · 10 s. The results indicate Na+/taurocholate co‐transport across the brush border membrane of the distal half of the small intestine in cats. Thus, the carrier‐mediated intestinal bile salt absorption in the cat appears to be similar as described in other species.
Pharmacokinetics and Potential Use of Gentamicin in Budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus)
Authors: ITOH N. , OKADA H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe pharmacokinetics of gentamicin were evaluated in budgerigars. Intramuscular (i. m.) administration of 5 and 10mg/kg dosages produced serum gentamicin concentrations of 17.3 and 37.0 μg/ml respectively, at 0.25 hr following injection, but concentrations declined with a terminal half‐life of 0.53 h. Based on these results, a dosage regimen of 5 to 10mg/kg of gentamicin, intramuscularly, every 8 hours for up to 3 days, was considered to be safe and could be used against many of the common bacterial infections in budgerigars.Serum AST, ALT, LDH, CK, creatinine and uric acid values were determined after i. m. injection of either gentamicin or physiological saline every 8 hours for up to 3 days, and tissue samples of various organs were examined histologically. The most prominent adverse effect found was muscular damage at the injection site. Measurement of AST, ALT and CK activity seemed to be a sensitive method to determine pathological changes at the injection site in the budgerigars.
Hodgkin's‐like Lymphoma in a Dog
Authors: MAEDA H. , OZAKI K. , HONAGA S. , NARAMA I. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThis is the first reported case of canine Hodgkin's‐like lymphoma in Japan. Tumor growth involved the lymph nodes and multiple visceral organs. Histopathological examination revealed that the tumor consisted of a large number of typical Reed‐Sternberg cells with symmetrically arranged nuclei, the so‐called “mirror‐image” cells, intermingled with various numbers of inflammatory cells and globule leucocytes.
Effect of Graded Dietary α‐Tocopherol Supplementation on Concentrations in Plasma and Selected Tissues of Pigs from Weaning to Slaughter
Authors: HOPPE P.P. , SCHÖNER F.‐J. , WIESCHE H. , STAHLER‐GEYER ANNEMARIE , KAMMER J. , HOCHADEL H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryFive groups of six purebred German Landrace barrows were fed from 7 to 100 kg live weight restricted amounts of a complete basal feed containing 5 IU vitamin E/kg and supplemented with 0, 20, 40, 80 or 160 IU all‐rac‐α‐tocopheryl acetate/kg. The concentrations of α‐tocopherol were analysed by HPLC in plasma collected throughout the experiment and in cardiac muscle,M. longissimus, liver and adipose tissue at slaughter after 24 h fasting.Body mass gain, feed intake and feed conversion rate were not affected by vitamin E. Plasma α‐tocopherol was related to the logarithm of supplemental dietary vitamin E (r2= 0.61). A spell of diarrhea was associated with a significant decrease of plasma levels. In tissues, a clear rank‐order of vitamin E storage was found with adipose tissue containing the highest concentrations followed by, in order of decreasing concentrations, liver, cardiac muscle andM. longissimus.Tissue α‐tocopherol concentrations were related to the logarithm of supplemental dietary vitamin E. Linear correlations were found between α‐tocopherol concentrations in plasma and tissues allowing an assessment of tissue vitamin E status from plasma α‐tocopherol analysis.
Electrocardiographic Features and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation in Apparently Healthy Dairy Cows
Authors: MACHIDA N. , NAKAMURA T. , KIRYU K. , KAGOTA K. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTwo hundred and eighty‐five apparently healthy Holstein dairy cows were evaluated serially for atrial fibrillation (AF) over an 18‐month period. AF was noted in 7 cows with an incidence of 2.5%. No particular disease conditions were noted in any case at the time of onset of AF and thereafter. In Cases 1, 2 and 3, arrhythmia developed 30 to 40 days postpartum and persisted thereafter. In Case 4, AF developed 28 days postpartum and lasted for 2 days before spontaneous conversion to normal sinus rhythm. In Cases 5 and 6, AF occurred 2 days after the animals ceased lactation and disappeared spontaneously within a few days. In Case 7, AF developed just before calving and reverted to normal sinus rhythm spontaneously on the 2nd day postpartum. Thus, 3 animals (Cases 1, 2 and 3) exhibited established AF whereas the remaining 4 animals (Cases 4, 5, 6 and 7) demonstrated paroxysmal AF, suggesting that different causative factors may be involved in the genesis of AF in the 7 cases presented here. The genesis of the AF in these cases which had no underlying disease conditions may be interpreted as an increased load imposed on the heart, increased sympathetic tone, or increased vagal tone.
Body Weight Loss during Lactation in Relation to Energy and Protein Metabolism in Standard‐Fed Primiparous Sows
Authors: ROJKITTIKHUN T. , EINARSSON S. , UVNÄS‐MOBERG K. , EDQVIST L.‐E. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryAfter 5 weeks of lactation 14 standard‐fed primiparous sows were divided into a low weight‐loss group (L‐gr, loss < 25 kg, n = 7) and a high weight‐loss group (H‐gr, loss ≥ 25 kg, n = 7). Body weights of the sows and their litters were recorded on days 2, 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 of lactation. Blood samples were collected before the morning feeding on each weighing day. Samples were analysed to determine concentrations of insulin, glucagon, glucose, triglycerides, non‐esterified fatty acids (NEFA), urea and creatinine.The H‐gr sows lost weight throughout lactation, whereas the L‐gr sows gained weight during the last week. Weight loss was higher in the H‐gr than in the L‐gr during weeks 2, 3 and 5 of lactation. Litter size and litter weight gain were higher in the H‐gr than in the L‐gr. Significant changes in levels of insulin, glucagon, glucose, triglycerides and creatinine were observed over lactation. No significant differences in concentrations of any of the parameters were found between the two groups, except for insulin and cholesterol which were higher in the L‐gr. Catabolism of adipose tissue and muscle protein was observed in both groups during the first week of lactation. This catabolic state was more pronounced and tended to be prolonged in the H‐gr. Concentrations of all parameters seemed to be stable in both groups during the last two weeks of lactation.
Effect of Storage of Blood on the Osmotic Fragility of Mammalian Erythrocytes
Authors: OYEWALE J.O. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe osmotic fragility of mammalian erythrocytes during blood storage was determined. Significant changes were observed in the fragility of goat, cattle, pig, mouse, rat and rabbit erythrocytes but not in sheep erythrocytes during the storage of blood for 24 hours at 10°C.
Stress Induced Gizzard Erosion in Chicks
Authors: GRABAREVIĆ Ž. , TIŠLJAR M. , DŽAJA P. , ARTUKOVIĆ B. , SEIWERTH S. , SIKIRIĆ P. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA model of stress induced gizzard erosions is described. Three day old chickens were deprived of food for 24 h, and after that they were immersed in tap water (17°C) for five seconds. Group A was sacrificed immediately before being subjected to stress, group B one hour, group C two hours and group D three hours after water immersion stress. Each group consisted of 10 animals. Gizzard lesions in group A were very mild and the main feature was discoloration of the gizzard lining. In groups B, C, and D the lesions were more severe and they were characterised by gizzard erosions, ulcerations and hemorrhages especially pronounced in group D. This model produced lesions in all stressed animals.
Cation‐Induced Aggregation of Cat Tamm‐Horsfall Glycoprotein and its Possible Role in Feline Urolithiasis*
Authors: RHODES D.C.J. , HINSMAN E.J. , RHODES J. A. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThein vitrocation‐induced aggregation properties of cat Tamm‐Horsfall protein (cTHP), a urinary glycoprotein, were examined and related to the potential role of cTHP in feline urolithiasis. The aggregation assay involved adding either CaCl2, MgCl2, or NaCl to solutions containing purified cTHP, and then separating the aggregated cTHP by centrifugation. The concentration of cTHP remaining in the supernatant was quantified using a previously developed enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effect that buffer pH, cTHP concentration, and urea concentration had on cTHP aggregation also were examined. Of the three salts, CaCl2consistently was most efficient at precipitating cTHP, while MgCl2was slightly less efficient. At least ten times more NaCl than CaCl2or MgCl2was required for comparable cTHP aggregation. As the pH decreased, increasing concentrations of the salts were required to aggregate cTHP. Increased amounts of CaCl2and MgCl2also were required to aggregate cTHP when the urea concentration was increased. As cTHP concentration increased within the physiological range, lower concentrations of CaCl2and MgCl2were required to precipitate 50% of the cTHP. Several aspects of thein vitroaggregation properties of cTHP correlate closely with previously identified risk factors for feline urolithiasis, strengthening the theory that cTHP aggregation may be important in this disease.
Simultaneous Genotyping of Sex and k‐Casein of Bovine in vitro Fertilized Embryos by the PCR Technique
Authors: SCHELLANDER K. , MAYR B. , ERTL K. , PELI J. 
Published: May 2010

SummarySex and the k‐casein genotype of in vitro produced cattle demiembryos was identified by simultaneous PCR‐genotyping using polymorphic sites in ZFY/ZFX and k‐casein genes. We obtained PCR products of 530 bp (k‐casein) and of 445/447 bp (sex). Sex and the two k‐casein alleles could be identified after digestion of the PCR products with Pstl and simultaneous separation of the restriction fragments on one step, allowing a rapid and efficient analyses of embryos.
Effect of Various Dietary Selenium (Se) Intakes on Tissue Se Levels and Glutathione Peroxidase Activities in Lambs
Authors: ZACHARA B.A. , MIKOLAJCZAK J. , TRAFIKOWSKA U. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryExperiments were conducted to examine selenium (Se) metabolism in tissues of lambs following Se supplementation at varying doses. For three months four groups of lambs were fed either a basal diet (group A) containing 0.082 mg Se per kg dry matter (ppm) or the same diet plus mineral mixture with Se (as selenite) so that the total diet contained 0.25, 0.41 and 0.58 ppm Se (groups B, C and D, respectively). After three months six lambs of each group were slaughtered and tissues were removed for Se level and GSH‐Px activity determinations. Among the tissues of lambs fed the basal diet the highest Se concentration was found in the kidney (1.32 μg/g wet weight), and the lowest in the skeletal muscle (0.030 μg/g wet weight). In the liver, heart, lung and spleen Se concentrations were almost at the same level and varied in the range of 0.14 to 0.18 μg/g wet weight tissue. No increase in Se concentration was found in the kidneys of Se‐supplemented animals. Se concentration in the liver and lung increased linearly with the Se level in the diet. In the spleen, heart and skeletal muscle the highest Se concentrations were found in lambs fed 0.41 ppm Se. Tissue GSH‐Px activities (calculated on the per g protein basis) increased significantly in Se‐treated animals. In the tissues of lambs fed 0.25 ppm Se the enzyme activities were higher in a range of 1.8 to 3.5 as compared to the group fed the basal diet. Higher doses of dietary Se had much smaller effect on the tissues GSH‐Px activity. Basing on the results obtained it can be ascertained that a plateau level of GSH‐Px activity was reached at a dietary Se level of 0.25 ppm for the kidney, liver, spleen and skeletal muscle, and at 0.41 ppm for the lung and heart. In unsupplemented and Se‐supplemented lambs tissue GSH‐Px activities were in the order: spleen > heart > lung > kidney > liver > muscle.
Blood Pressure in the Sow: An Attempt of Indirect Measuring Ante Partum
Authors: MADEC F. , LEON E. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryFarrowing disorders in the sow have detrimental consequences in pig farming and many points of the condition still remain obscure. It was suggested to investigate blood pressure since this might provide an early indication of farrowing disturbances. A first study involved 29 pregnant sows. Blood pressure was measured indirectly using a pediatric occlusive cuff unrolled around the base of the tail and connected to a manometer. The recordings were made on resting sows in recumbent position. The disposal was considered suitable. The values obtained showed a good repeatability. Then a prospective survey involving 122 sows was undertaken. Blood pressure was measured at the 111th day of pregnancy. Systolic values ranged from 89 to 142 mm Hg (mean : 112.4). Physical profile of the sows (weight, backfat thickness) slightly influenced systolic level. On the other hand the sows obtaining the lowest values for systolic pressure were more prone to develop a prolonged farrowing. According to the lack of a parallel direct blood pressure measurement, these results have to be taken with caution. The perspective of early detection of “at risk” individuals with respect to MMA through blood pressure measurement, needs further work.