bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of reaction between activated acetylenes and N,N′‐diethyl‐2‐thiobarbituric acid in the presence of isocyanides or triphenylphosphine
Authors: Marandi Ghasem , Maghsoodlou Malek Taher , Hazeri Nourallah , Heydari Reza , Habibi Khorassani Sayyed Mostafa , Ebrahimi Ali , Poor Sakineh Mollaee , Mahdiabad Hassan Hosseini , Nassiri Mahmoud , Kabiri Roya 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn a series of separate experiments reaction between N,N′‐diethyl‐2‐thiobarbituric acid and acetylenic diesters in the presence of isocyanides or triphenylphosphine led to highly functionalized 4H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]thiopyrimidine or 1,4‐di‐ionic organophosphorus derivatives. The 1H NMR spectra of diethyl‐7‐(2,6‐dimethylphenylamino)‐4‐oxo‐2‐thio‐ 1,3‐diethyl‐4H‐pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐5,6‐dicarboxylate showed dynamic NMR effect that was attributed to restricted rotation around the aryl‐nitrogen single bond. Activation free energy (ΔG≠) for this process is about 54.85 ± 2 kJ mol−1. Betaines as 1,4‐diionic organophosphorus compounds in this reaction are possessed of two vicinal stereogenic centers and exist in the solution as a mixture of two diastereoisomers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:228–235, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20601
Synthesis and functionalization of organophosphorus‐substituted amines with PCH2NH fragments
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe convenient procedures for the synthesis of new organophosphorus‐substituted amines with the PCH2NH moiety are proposed, starting from the derivatives of organophosphorus PH‐acids, as well as 1,3,5‐trisubstituted hexahydro‐1,3,5‐triazines as aminomethylating reagents. Various reactions of functionalization (such as acylation, carboxyethylation, pyridylethylation, and aminoethylation) of the obtained organophosphorus‐substituted amines are presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:236–241, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20602
Synthesis of chiral thiazoline ligands tethered to a sulfur function and first immobilization of a thiazoline‐ligand
Authors: Abrunhosa‐Thomas Isabelle , Betz Alexander , Denancé Mickael , Dez Isabelle , Gaumont Annie‐Claude , Gulea Mihaela 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA new family of thiazoline ligands tethered to a sulfanyl or a sulfinyl group has been prepared using short and efficient reaction sequences. Among the different structures, one sulfanyl‐thiazoline homopolymer was synthesized as a first example of an immobilized thiazoline ligand. The catalytic properties of these new ligands were evaluated in the Pd‐catalyzed allylic substitution. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:242–249, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20603
A facile and efficient synthesis of diethyl α,α‐chlorofluoroalkanephosphonates
Authors: Guan Zhi , Wu Di , Fu Jian‐Ping , He Yan‐Hong 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA facile and efficient synthetic methodo‐ logy for the preparation of diethyl α,α‐chlorofluoro‐ alkanephosphonates is described. A wide variety of diethyl α‐hydroxyphosphonates were investigated by a two‐step halogenation procedure, which includes nucleophilic chlorination with PPh3 and CCl4 and electrophilic fluorination with N‐fluorobisbenzene‐ sulfonimide. Aromatic and aliphatic α,α‐chlorofluoro‐ phosphonates could be prepared by this method with acceptable yields. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:250–255, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20604
Synthesis of functional phosphines with ortho‐substituted aryl groups: 2‐RC6H4PH2 and 2‐RC6H4P(SiMe3)2 (R = 2‐i‐Pr‐ or 2‐t‐Bu‐)
Authors: Dugal‐Tessier Julien , Kuhn Paul‐Steffan , Dake Gregory R. , Gates Derek P. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of 2‐i‐PrC6H4PCl2 (3), 2‐t‐BuC6H4PCl2 (4), 2‐i‐PrC6H4PH2 (5), 2‐t‐BuC6H4PH2 (6), 2‐i‐PrC6H4P(SiMe3)2 (7), and 2‐t‐BuC6H4P(SiMe3)2 (8) are described. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:265–270, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20606
Phase 1b Study of Pegylated Interferon Lambda 1 With or Without Ribavirin in Patients with Chronic Genotype 1 Hepatitis C Virus Infection†
Authors: Muir Andrew J. , Shiffman Mitchell L. , Zaman Atif , Yoffe Boris , de la Torre Andrew , Flamm Steven , Gordon Stuart C. , Marotta Paul , Vierling John M. , Carlos Lopez-Talavera Juan , Byrnes-Blake Kelly , Fontana David , Freeman Jeremy , Gray Todd , Hausman Diana , Hunder Naomi N. , Lawitz Eric 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Interferon lambda 1 (IFN-λ1) is a type III IFN that produces intracellular responses similar to those of IFN-α but in fewer cell types because of differences in the receptor distribution pattern, and this could potentially result in an improved safety profile. This was an open-label three-part study of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection. Part 1 evaluated single-agent pegylated interferon lambda (PEG-IFN-λ) at 1.5 or 3.0 μg/kg administered every 2 weeks or weekly for 4 weeks in patients who had relapsed after previous IFN-α-based treatment. Part 2 evaluated weekly doses of PEG-IFN-λ ranging from 0.5 to 2.25 μg/kg in combination with ribavirin (RBV) for 4 weeks in treatment-relapse patients. Part 3 evaluated weekly PEG-IFN-λ at 1.5 μg/kg in combination with RBV for 4 weeks in treatment-naive patients. Fifty-six patients were enrolled: 24 patients in part 1, 25 patients in part 2, and 7 patients in part 3. Antiviral activity was observed at all PEG-IFN-λ dose levels (from 0.5 to 3.0 μg/kg). Two of seven treatment-naive patients (29%) achieved rapid virological response. Treatment was well tolerated with minimal flu-like symptoms and no significant hematologic changes other than RBV-associated decreases in hemoglobin. The most common adverse events were fatigue (29%), nausea (12%), and myalgia (11%). Six patients experienced increases in aminotransferases that met protocol-defined criteria for dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) or temporarily holding therapy with PEG-IFN-λ. Most DLT occurred in patients with high PEG-IFN-λ exposure.

Conclusion:

Weekly PEG-IFN-λ with or without daily RBV for 4 weeks is well tolerated with minimal adverse events and hematologic effects and is associated with clear antiviral activity across a broad range of doses in patients with chronic HCV.
Outcome of Sustained Virological Responders With Histologically Advanced Chronic Hepatitis C†,‡,§,¶
Authors: Morgan Timothy R. , Ghany Marc G. , Kim Hae-Young , Snow Kristin K. , Shiffman Mitchell L. , De Santo Jennifer L. , Lee William M. , Di Bisceglie Adrian M. , Bonkovsky Herbert L. , Dienstag Jules L. , Morishima Chihiro , Lindsay Karen L. , Lok Anna S. F. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Retrospective studies suggest that subjects with chronic hepatitis C and advanced fibrosis who achieve a sustained virological response (SVR) have a lower risk of hepatic decompensation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this prospective analysis, we compared the rate of death from any cause or liver transplantation, and of liver-related morbidity and mortality, after antiviral therapy among patients who achieved SVR, virologic nonresponders (NR), and those with initial viral clearance but subsequent breakthrough or relapse (BT/R) in the HALT-C (Hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis) Trial. Laboratory and/or clinical outcome data were available for 140 of the 180 patients who achieved SVR. Patients with nonresponse (NR; n = 309) or who experienced breakthrough or relapse (BT/R; n = 77) were evaluated every 3 months for 3.5 years and then every 6 months thereafter. Outcomes included death, liver-related death, liver transplantation, decompensated liver disease, and HCC. Median follow-up for the SVR, BT/R, and NR groups of patients was 86, 85, and 79 months, respectively. At 7.5 years, the adjusted cumulative rate of death/liver transplantation and of liver-related morbidity/mortality in the SVR group (2.2% and 2.7%, respectively) was significantly lower than that of the NR group (21.3% and 27.2%,

P

< 0.001 for both) but not the BT/R group (4.4% and 8.7%). The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for time to death/liver transplantation (HR = 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.06-0.46) or development of liver-related morbidity/mortality (HR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.06-0.38) or HCC (HR = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.04-0.80) was significant for SVR compared to NR. Laboratory tests related to liver disease severity improved following SVR.

Conclusion:

Patients with advanced chronic hepatitis C who achieved SVR had a marked reduction in death/liver transplantation, and in liver-related morbidity/mortality, although they remain at risk for HCC.
Direct, Help-Independent Priming of CD81 T Cells by Adeno-Associated Virus-Transduced Hepatocytes†
Authors: Wuensch Sherry A. , Spahn Jessica , Crispe Ian N. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Both hepatitis B and C viruses frequently establish chronic infection, raising the question whether T cells are poorly primed in the liver. To determine the role of different cell types in the activation of CD8+ T cells against hepatocellular antigens, we used an Adeno-associated virus to deliver ovalbumin to hepatocytes. In contrast to CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells were not activated. The CD8+ T cells were activated even in the absence of endogenous CD4+ T cells; however, in the liver, these cells were high in the programmed death-1 protein and low in CD127. Chimera experiments revealed that these CD8+ T cells were activated on a solid tissue cell.

Conclusion:

Priming of CD8+ T cells directly on nonhematopoietic cells, in the absence of CD4+ T cell help, results in suboptimal T cell activation. This could explain the impaired function of CD8+ T cells seen in chronic liver infection.
The Association of Genetic Variability in Patatin-Like Phospholipase Domain-Containing Protein 3 (PNPLA3) with Histological Severity of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease†
Authors: Rotman Yaron , Koh Christopher , Zmuda Joseph M. , Kleiner David E. , Liang Jake T. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with increased hepatic fat or elevated liver enzymes, presumably reflecting nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To investigate whether these SNPs are associated with histological severity of NAFLD, 1117 (894 adults/223 children) individuals enrolled in the Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) Clinical Research Network and National Institutes of Health Clinical Center studies with histologically confirmed NAFLD were genotyped for six SNPs that are associated with hepatic fat or liver enzymes in genome-wide association studies. In adults, three SNPs on chromosome 22 showed associations with histological parameters of NASH. After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes, and alcohol consumption, the minor allele of rs738409 C/G, a nonsynonymous coding SNP in the patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3 (PNPLA3) (adiponutrin) gene encoding an Ile148Met change, was associated with steatosis (

P

= 0.03), portal inflammation (

P

= 2.5 × 10−4), lobular inflammation (

P

= 0.005), Mallory-Denk bodies (

P

= 0.015), NAFLD activity score (NAS,

P

= 0.004), and fibrosis (

P

= 7.7 × 10−6). Two other SNPs in the same region demonstrated similar associations. Three SNPs on chromosome 10 near the CHUK (conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase) gene were independently associated with fibrosis (

P

= 0.010). In children, no SNP was associated with histological severity. However, the rs738409 G allele was associated with younger age at the time of biopsy in multivariate analysis (

P

= 0.045).

Conclusion:

In this large cohort of histologically proven NAFLD, we confirm the association of the rs738409 G allele with steatosis and describe its association with histological severity. In pediatric patients, the high-risk rs738409 G allele is associated with an earlier presentation of disease. We also describe a hitherto unknown association between SNPs at a chromosome 10 locus and the severity of NASH fibrosis.
Critical heat flux enhancement in pool boiling using alumina nanofluids
Authors: Hegde Ramakrishna , Rao Srikanth S. , Reddy R.P. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe pool boiling characteristics of dilute dispersions of alumina nanoparticles in water were studied. Consistent with other nanofluid studies, it was found that a significant enhancement in critical heat flux (CHF) can be achieved at modest nanoparticle concentrations (<0.1% by volume). During experimentation and subsequent inspection, formation of a porous layer of nanoparticles on the heater surface occurred during nucleate boiling. This layer significantly changes surface texture of the heater wire surface which could be the reason for improvement in the CHF value. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20301
Tumour‐associated glycan modifications of antigen enhance MGL2 dependent uptake and MHC class I restricted CD8 T cell responses
Authors: Singh Satwinder Kaur , Streng‐Ouwehand Ingeborg , Litjens Manja , Kalay Hakan , Saeland Eirikur , van Kooyk Yvette 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe recently showed that MGL2 specifically binds tumour‐associated glycan N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc). We here demonstrate that modification of an antigen with tumour‐associated glycan GalNAc, targets antigen specifically to the MGL2 on bone marrow derived (BM)‐DCs and splenic DCs. Glycan‐modification of antigen with GalNAc that mimics tumour‐associated glycosylation, promoted antigen internalisation in DCs and presentation to CD4 T cells, as well as differentiation of IFN‐γ producing CD4 T cells. Furthermore, GalNAc modified antigen enhanced cross‐presentation of both BM‐DCs and primary splenic DCs resulting in enhanced antigen specific CD8 T cell responses. Using MyD88‐TRIFF−/− BM‐DCs we demonstrate that the enhanced cross‐presentation of the GalNAc modified antigen is TLR independent. Our data strongly suggest that tumour‐associated GalNAc modification of antigen targets MGL on DCs and greatly enhances both MHC class II and class I presentation in a TLR independent manner.
Reduced expression of RAS protein activator like‐1 in gastric cancer
Authors: Seto Motoko , Ohta Miki , Ikenoue Tsuneo , Sugimoto Takafumi , Asaoka Yoshinari , Tada Motohisa , Mohri Dai , Kudo Yotaro , Ijichi Hideaki , Tateishi Keisuke , Otsuka Motoyuki , Hirata Yoshihiro , Maeda Shin , Koike Kazuhiko , Omata Masao 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRAS signaling is frequently deregulated in human neoplasms. However, RAS mutations have been found in only a small proportion of human gastric cancers, implicating other mechanisms in the activation of RAS signaling in gastric tumorigenesis. We have previously reported that decreased expression of RAS protein activator like‐1 (RASAL1), a member of the RAS‐GTPase‐activating proteins that switch off RAS activity, contributes to colon tumor progression. In our study, we explored the involvement of decreased RASAL1 expression in gastric tumorigenesis. RASAL1 expression was reduced in 6 of 10 gastric cancer cell lines examined by immunoblotting. Knockdown of RASAL1 increased mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling in response to growth factor stimulation, and the forced expression of RASAL1 reduced proliferation of gastric cancer cells. Immunohistochemical analyses in primary gastric tumors showed that RASAL1 expression was reduced in 23 of 48 (48%) of the gastric cancers but in none of the adenomas (0/10). Methylation of the RASAL1 promoter region and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the RASAL1 locus were examined to investigate the causes of RASAL1 silencing. All cell lines with reduced RASAL1 had RASAL1 methylation, and two had LOH. In primary gastric cancers, methylation or LOH was detected in 50% (6/12) of those with reduced RASAL1. Furthermore, RASAL1 expression was restored in some cell lines by histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment. Our findings demonstrate that reduced RASAL1 expression, partly due to genetic and epigenetic changes, contributes to gastric carcinogenesis, and also re‐emphasize the importance of RAS signaling in gastric cancer development.
HYAL1 overexpression is correlated with the malignant behavior of human breast cancer
Authors: Tan Jin‐Xiang , Wang Xiao‐Yi , Li Hong‐Yuan , Su Xin‐Liang , Wang Liang , Ran Liang , Zheng Ke , Ren Guo‐Sheng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) is closely correlated with tumor cell growth, proliferation, metastasis and angiogenesis, etc. Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a component of the ECM, and hyaluronidase (HAase) is a HA‐degrading endoglycosidase. Levels of HAase are elevated in many cancers. Hyaluronidase‐1 (HYAL1) is the major tumor‐derived HAase. In this study, we detected HYAL1 expression levels in breast cancer cells and tissues, and measured the amount HAase activity in breast cancer cells. Compared with nonmalignant breast cell line HBL‐100 and normal breast tissues, HYAL1 were overexpressed in breast cancer cell lines MDA‐MB‐231, MCF‐7, invasive duct cancer tissues and metastatic lymph nodes, respectively. Accordingly, the amount HAase activity in MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 was higher than that in HBL‐100. In addition, knockdown of HYAL1 expression in MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 cells resulted in decreased cell growth, adhesion, invasion and angiogenesis potential. Meantime, the HYAL1 knockdown markedly inhibited breast cancer cell xenograft tumor growth and microvessel density. Further studies showed that the HYAL1, HYAL2 and HA were elevated in breast cancer, and HYAL1 could downregulate HA expression. In conclusion, HYAL1 may be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
Coordinated epigenetic repression of the miR‐200 family and miR‐205 in invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Wiklund Erik D. , Bramsen Jesper B. , Hulf Toby , Dyrskjøt Lars , Ramanathan Ramshanker , Hansen Thomas B. , Villadsen Sune B. , Gao Shan , Ostenfeld Marie S. , Borre Michael , Peter Marcus E. , Ørntoft Torben F. , Kjems Jørgen , Clark Susan J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNA) are small noncoding RNAs commonly deregulated in cancer. The miR‐200 family (miR‐200a, ‐200b, ‐200c, ‐141 and ‐429) and miR‐205 are frequently silenced in advanced cancer and have been implicated in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and tumor invasion by targeting the transcriptional repressors of E‐cadherin, ZEB1 and ZEB2. ZEB1 is also known to repress miR‐200c‐141 transcription in a negative feedback loop, but otherwise little is known about the transcriptional regulation of the miR‐200 family and miR‐205. Recently, miR‐200 silencing was also reported in cancer stem cells, implying that miR‐200 deregulation is a key event in multiple levels of tumor biology. However, what prevents miR‐200 expression remains largely unanswered. Here we report concerted transcriptional regulation of the miR‐200 and miR‐205 loci in bladder tumors and bladder cell lines. Using a combination of miRNA expression arrays, qPCR assays and mass spectrometry DNA methylation analyses, we show that the miR‐200 and miR‐205 loci are specifically silenced and gain promoter hypermethylation and repressive chromatin marks in muscle invasive bladder tumors and undifferentiated bladder cell lines. Moreover, we report that miR‐200c expression is significantly correlated with early stage T1 bladder tumor progression, and propose miR‐200 and miR‐205 silencing and DNA hypermethylation as possible prognostic markers in bladder cancer. In addition, we observe that the mesoderm transcription factor TWIST1 and miR‐200 expression are inversely correlated in bladder tumor samples and cell lines. TWIST1 associates directly with the miR‐200 and miR‐205 promoters, and may act as a repressor of miR‐200 and miR‐205 expression.
Climate change impacts on water for irrigating paddy rice in South Korea
Authors: Chung S.‐O. , Rodríguez‐Díaz J. A. , Weatherhead E. K. , Knox J. W. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe spatial and temporal impacts of climate change on paddy irrigation water demands in South Korea have been modelled and mapped. The outputs from a general circulation model (HadCM3) for two selected scenarios (A2, B2) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (IPCC SRES) and for two time periods (2050s and 2080s) have been downscaled and applied to a baseline climatology (1961–1990) developed by the International Water Management Institute. A GIS was used to map spatial changes in irrigation water requirements.The simulations showed that although future average rainfall is expected to increase substantially (25–53%), average effective rainfall will only increase slightly (2–8%), leading to only slight reductions in paddy irrigation requirements (−1 to −8%). Assuming cropping patterns and farming practices remain unchanged, total volumetric irrigation water demand decreases by 4–10%. However, the spatial variations are substantial.Combining these results with previously forecast increases in the available water resources under the SRES A2 scenario, the ratio between available water resources and volumetric irrigation demand would increase significantly. However, most of the increased rainfall falls after the peak demand period. Potential adaptation strategies such as constructing more storage reservoirs can be considered where water shortages still occur. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
cAMP/Ca2+ response element‐binding protein plays a central role in the biogenesis of respiratory chain proteins in mammalian cells
Authors: De Rasmo Domenico , Signorile Anna , Papa Francesco , Roca Emilio , Papa Sergio 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn mammalian cells, promotion of mitochondrial biogenesis by various agents involves cAMP and Ca2+‐mediated signal transduction pathways. Recruitment of these pathways results in phosphorylation by cAMP and Ca2+‐dependent protein kinases of cAMP/Ca2+ response element‐binding protein (CREB). Phosphorylation of CREB, bound to transcriptional complexes of target genes, activates a down‐stream cascade of transcriptional complexes, which involve in sequence, the nuclear factors TORCs, PGC‐1, NRF1 and NRF2, and the mitochondrial factor mitochondrial transcriptional factor A. CREB also binds directly to the D‐loop of mitochondrial DNA and activates its expression. Activation of this network of transcriptional complexes results in concerted promotion of the expression of nuclear and mitochondrial genes encoding subunits of oxidative phosphorylation complexes. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(6): 451–456, 2010