bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Interplay Between Self‐Identity, Affective Style, Emotion Regulation, and Anxiety: Based on Bayesian Network Model
Authors: Huang Ruizhi , Shen Huiqing , Yuan Ye , Jiang Ke , Wang Zhilin 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the complex relationships between self‐identity, affective style, emotion regulation, and intolerance of uncertainty (IU) in predicting anxiety. A model was proposed to integrate these factors, investigating their combined influence on anxiety.MethodInvolving 608 university students who completed self‐report measures of self‐identity, affective style, emotion regulation, IU, and anxiety. Network analysis and Bayesian network modeling were used to identify direct and mediating effects among these variables.ResultsNetwork analysis revealed that self‐identity, affective style, and IU directly predicted trait anxiety, with adjusting affective style emerging as a central factor. Bayesian network modeling further showed that IU and affective style mediated the impact of self‐identity on anxiety. Notably, emotion regulation did not mediate the relationship between affective style and anxiety, suggesting a possible spurious correlation. The model achieved a predictive accuracy of 90.13% for trait anxiety and 88.49% for state anxiety.ConclusionThe findings highlight the central role of self‐identity in anxiety interventions, while also emphasizing the importance of addressing affective styles and IU. The results suggest that emotion regulation strategies alone may not directly reduce anxiety, indicating a need for more comprehensive clinical approaches.
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis: Impact on Public Health, Current Insights, and Future Perspectives
Authors: Mubbashir Zainab , Tharwani Zoaib Habib , Kambar Tilyan , Munawar Sadia , Raphael Ozem , Siddiqui Iman , Nadeem Syeda Ayesha , Amir Ayesha , Ahmed Amina , Bin Zafar Muhammad Daim , Anjum Muhammad Umair , Hasanain Muhammad , Malikzai Abdullah 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSubacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare complication of the measles infection. SSPE is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that causes encephalitis, leading to the demyelination of neurons in the brain. It affects the brain in 9 months or less and hence subacute, causing encephalitis and lesions in the entire brain, so the term panencephalitis is used.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed and Google Scholar starting in April 2024, and all relevant articles were extracted for this review.ResultsA recent surge in SSPE cases in developed countries has been reported. This has been attributed to reduced vaccination, aggravated by misinformation and a decline in immunization after the COVID‐19 pandemic. SSPE is a progressive and relatively rare neurological complication of measles, which almost always results in a vegetative state followed by death. It typically presents 10 years following exposure to measles. Manifestations of SSPE are divided into four stages that range from general personality changes to coma. Complications include ocular pathology and eventual blindness, as well as psychiatric illnesses. Treatment options for SSPE include symptomatic control with antiepileptic drugs, interferon combined treatment, vitamin A, ribavirin, and a ketogenic diet for disease modification.ConclusionThe only prevention for SPPE is through vaccination. Several collaborative efforts have been made with WHO to improve surveillance and increase vaccination, but still many challenges prevail. Better prevention strategies and improved treatment outcomes can only be achieved by enhancing healthcare access, improving public awareness, analyzing community‐based data, and studying the genetic and molecular associations of measles and SSPE.
Antibody Responses to EBV and Toxoplasma and Their Genetic Links to Guillain–Barré Syndrome: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Qi Xiangjia , Gao Liqian , Qi Lifeng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aims to investigate the potential causal relationship between antibody‐mediated immune responses to infectious agents and Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) using a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.MethodsPublicly available summary data from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) were utilized for comprehensive analysis. A genome‐wide and human leukocyte antigen association study conducted by Guillaume Butler‐Laporte et al. (n = 9724) examined 46 types of antibody‐mediated immune responses. GWAS summary statistics for GBS were obtained from the FinnGen consortium (n = 215,931) comprising European populations. The primary method for MR analysis was the inverse‐variance weighted (IVW) method. Various sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the findings.ResultsThe IVW method indicates a negative correlation between elevated levels of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen (VCA) p18 antibody and the risk of GBS (OR = 0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65–1.85, p = 0.012). Elevated levels of Toxoplasma gondii surface antigen 1 (sag1) antibody also show a negative correlation with the risk of GBS (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67–0.92, p = 0.003). No evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found in the MR analysis.ConclusionsElevated levels of EBV VCA p18 and T. gondii sag1 antibodies appear to be negatively correlated with the risk of GBS, suggesting that immune responses to these pathogens may play a protective role. However, the CI for the EBV VCA p18 association includes 1, indicating the need for caution in interpreting this result. Further research, including mechanistic studies and broader immune profiling, is needed to confirm these findings and explore the underlying pathways.
Using Random Forest on Formative Assessments to Enhance the Quality of Teaching and Learning in Engineering Education
Authors: Chunyang Sheng , Maiying Zhong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTWith the popularization of engineering education professional certification, the goal of engineering education is more and more oriented to students' comprehensive ability, which also makes formative assessments more important in the process of talent training. As for a course, not only the assessment results but also the learning process of students should be paid more attention. By setting up rich and colorful process learning tasks, students can better achieve the course objectives. However, for the development of process learning, two problems require more attention. One is how to evaluate students' enthusiasm and learning effect and give an effective early warning, and the other is to analyze the effect of different learning tasks on students' final achievement of learning goal. In this study, on the basis of process learning historical data, a student process data evaluation and analysis model based on random forest is established. The data coming from Superstar Learn Platform is the process learning data of more than 300 students in a University. The analysis results show that appropriate curriculum design, course assignments and chapter tests have a significant impact on promoting students to achieve the course objectives. Besides, the timeliness of students' completion also plays a significant role. This analysis model can help students correct their learning attitude, help teachers better understand students and adjust teaching plans.
A Review of Genomic Testing and SDH‐ Deficiency in Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Getting to the GIST
Authors: Florou Vaia , Jacobs Michelle F. , Casey Ruth , Evans Denisse , Owens Becky , Raygada Margarita , Rothschild Sara , Greenberg Samantha E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTGastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) have seen significant advancements in their diagnosis and management, driven by targeted therapeutic development and molecular testing. The identification of mutations in genes such as KIT and PDGFRA has transformed treatment approaches, particularly through targeted therapies like imatinib, which have improved patient outcomes. This review explores the critical role of genomic testing in GIST, highlighting its importance in accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and long‐term surveillance for KIT/PDGFRA negative, SDH‐deficient GISTs. SDH‐deficient GISTs arise from mutations or epigenetic changes affecting the succinate dehydrogenase complex. The complexity of SDH‐deficient GISTs, including their association with hereditary syndromes such as Hereditary Paraganglioma‐Pheochromocytoma and/or hypermethylation of the SDHC promoter, underscores the need for comprehensive germline testing. Despite the availability of guidelines, variability exists in genomic testing recommendations across different regions, necessitating a unified approach. This review proposes a simplified algorithm for the genomic workup of GIST, and suggests all individuals with SDH‐deficient GIST, regardless of germline testing result, require monitoring for additional SDHx‐related tumors, given the lack of widely available methylation and full gene SDHA analysis.
Bioactive Compound‐Fortified Nanocarriers in the Management of Neurodegenerative Disease: A Review
Authors: Singh Aditya , Maheshwari Shubhrat , Yadav Jagat Pal , Kumar Ravi , Verma Amita , Singh Sudarshan , Prajapati Bhupendra G. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIndividual around the globe faces enormous problems from illnesses of the neurological system and the cerebrum, including neurodegenerative conditions and brain tumors. There are still no demonstrated viable treatments for neurological conditions, despite advances in drug delivery technologies such as solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, and nano‐liposomes. To address this, there is growing interest in leveraging naturally occurring bioactive substances for their therapeutic potential. However, challenges such as limited bioavailability and metabolism hinder their efficacy, particularly in the brain. Although various pharmaceutical interventions exist for neurodegenerative diseases, they often come with significant side effects, and there is currently no specific treatment to cure or slow down disease progression. Challenges such as the blood–brain barrier and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier present significant obstacles to deliver drugs into the brain. Strategies to improve drug penetration across these barriers include targeting specific transport systems and developing innovative drug delivery approaches. Hence, the development of nanocarriers capable of targeting bioactive compounds to the brain represents a promising approach for neurodegenerative disease therapy. This review explores the potential of bioactive compound‐fortified nano‐delivery systems for treating neurodegenerative diseases, with various compounds offering unique avenues for investigating neurodegeneration pathways and strategies in overcoming associated challenges.
Therapeutic Insights into Alkanna tinctoria Phytochemicals as Cholinesterase Inhibitor for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ashraf Sidra , Khan Muhammad Umer , Shafi Abeeha , Eltaib Lina , Shabbir Chaudhry Ahmed , Alzahrani Abdullah R. , . Abida , Imran Mohd 
Published: February 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a substantial challenge in the management of neurodegenerative disorders, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Previous studies indicated that dual‐target cholinesterase inhibitors, which obstruct both AChE and BuChE, may offer therapeutic advantages in Alzheimer's disease.
This study aimed to determine the potential contribution of cholinesterase inhibitory activity of phytocompounds derived from Alkanna tinctoria as prospective anti‐Alzheimer agents. We employed an in silico docking methodology to investigate the cholinesterase inhibitory activity of Alkanna tinctoria extracts. The present study revealed that flavonoid derivatives, specifically kaempferol‐3‐rutinoside and quercetin‐3‐glucopyranoside, exhibited considerable inhibitory effects on AChE, with docking scores of (‐13.233 kcal/mol) and (‐12.566 kcal/mol), respectively, and on BuChE, with docking scores of (‐11.827 kcal/mol) and (‐11.529 kcal/mol), in comparison to conventional Alzheimer's disease treatments (Donepezil & Huprine19). The compounds were further assessed for pharmacokinetic characteristics and toxicity, demonstrating favorable ADMET profiles indicative of high oral bioavailability and low toxicity, which are crucial for therapeutic use. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations further corroborated the robustness of these ligand‐enzyme interactions, demonstrating their stability over time and enhancing their potential for prolonged utilization. These compounds initiated pathways for viable in vitro/in vivo experiments to determine the clinical effectiveness of these medicines.
Prevalence of Aspirin Resistance in Patients with Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement
Authors: Sigman Alex , Riley Emily , Pierick Trudy , Aldoss Osamah , Porayette Prashob 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) patients with pulmonary valve failure may undergo transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPVR). Aspirin is often prescribed as long‐term therapy after TPVR to prevent thromboembolic events (TE).AimsWe aimed to examine the prevalence of aspirin resistance within the CHD TPVR population.MethodsThe VerifyNow point‐of‐care test quantifies platelet aggregation as Aspirin Reactivity Units (ARU). ARU values greater than 550 suggest aspirin resistance (AR). A retrospective chart review analyzed ARU test results from May 2022 through December 2023 in CHD patients following successful TPVR (n = 48). Lifelong TE history was collected. Association between AR and sex, race, and ethnicity was examined with Fisher's Exact test, and the Wilcoxon rank sum exact test analyzed associations between AR and age.ResultsThree of 45 (6.67%) CHD TPVR aspirin‐compliant patients (average age 33.14 years; range 0.74−77.86 years, 47% females) were AR. Interestingly, all AR patients were females, suggesting higher AR prevalence in females (p = 0.094). No significant associations were found between AR and age (p = 0.8), race (p = 0.077), or ethnicity (p = 0.2). No AR patients had a documented history of TE. Five of 42 (11.9%) aspirin sensitive patients had TE while taking aspirin, including two females (not on birth control at time of event) and three males.ConclusionsAR is prevalent in CHD TPVR patients, but TE occurrence did not correlate with AR. However, AR exclusively in females and TE in aspirin sensitive patients, suggests need for further investigations on the most effective TE prophylaxis in this population.
Influence of Hard/Soft Carbon Ratio in Composite Anodes for Enhanced Performance in Sodium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Ahmed Israr , Rosson Lucas , Forsyth Maria , Byrne Nolene 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are an emerging next‐generation technology for sustainable energy storage. In this study, the synthesis and performance of carbon anode materials for SIBs, produced via direct co‐carbonisation of textile waste‐derived hard carbon (HC) and pitch‐derived soft carbon (SC) at various ratios, were investigated. It was found that, as the ratio of HC increased, the rate capacity of the composite carbon anode improved, with the best performing composite anode exhibiting a specific capacity of 334 mAh g−1 at a current density of 50 mA g−1 which exceeded the specific capacity of 100 %HC and 100 %SC. The co carbonisation of the HC with the SC is critical to ensure the stabilisation of the pitch composite with in the new composite anode. A detailed examination of morphology, microstructure and electrochemical properties is reported here.
Kinetic Control and Trapping in the Supramolecular Polymerization of m‐Terphenyl Bis‐Urea Macrocycles
Authors: Wijesekera Gamage Isuri P. , Rushton Isabella G. , Samant Vaibhavi A. , Gbadamosi Fahidat A. , Islam Md Faizul , Smith Mark D. , Wetthasinghe Shehani T. , Garashchuk Sophya , Shimizu Linda S. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHerein, we examine pathway complexity in the supramolecular polymerization of a novel m‐terphenyl bis‐urea macrocycle. Designed to induce kinetically metastable states, the macrocycle‘s concentration‐dependent aggregation was studied via 1H NMR and IR spectroscopy in THF and CHCl₃. Temperature‐dependent UV‐Vis spectroscopy in water/THF revealed a cooperative nucleation‐growth mechanism, indicated by a shift in λmax to longer wavelengths upon cooling. Morphological studies using DLS, AFM, and SEM demonstrated fibrous aggregate formation. Thermal hysteresis observed in assembly‐disassembly cycles indicated kinetically trapped species, with cooling governed by kinetic control and heating by thermodynamic processes. Deviations in ΔH values during cooling, compared to van′t Hoff analysis and alignment of heating ΔH values with thermodynamic predictions, reinforced this distinction. Spontaneous nucleation retardation, resulting from monomer trapping, led to lag times of up to 50 minutes under specific conditions. Computational studies revealed the parallel urea conformation as the more stable monomer configuration, whereas the antiparallel conformation is more stable in dimers. By probing pathway complexity of the macrocycle, we demonstrate a distinct ability to control and stabilize kinetically trapped states, broadening the scope for designing macrocyclic supramolecular polymers with tailored properties. This work deepens our understanding of supramolecular dynamics, exploring ON‐pathway mechanisms and advancing tunable supramolecular materials.
Methyl‐π Interactions. Nature of Bonding and Limits of Strength
Authors: Scheiner Steve 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBoth methyl groups and benzene rings are exceedingly common, and they lie near one another in many chemical situations. DFT calculations are used to gauge the strength of the attractive forces between them, and to better understand the phenomena that underlie this attraction. Methane and benzene are taken as the starting point, and substituents of both electron‐withdrawing and donating types are added to each. The interaction energy varies between 1.4 and 5.0 kcal/mol, depending upon the substituents placed on the two groups. The nature of the binding is analyzed via Atoms in Molecules (AIM), Natural Bond Orbital (NBO), Symmetry‐Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts, and electron density shift diagrams. While there is a sizable electrostatic component, it is dispersion that dominates these interactions, particularly the weaker ones. As such, these interactions cannot be categorized unambiguously as either H‐bonds or tetrel bonds.
Pyrrolation of Melem: A Facile Gateway into the Field of Monomeric s‐Heptazine Chemistry
Authors: Koller Thaddäus J. , Witthaut Kristian , Wolf Florian , Singer Johannes N. , Blahusch Jakob , Li Changyong , Valsamidou Vasiliki , Johrendt Dirk , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMonomeric s‐heptazines are an intriguing class of compounds with many attractive properties for various areas of application such as photocatalysis or organic light‐emitting diodes. However, research into these properties has so far been challenging, as only a few synthetic routes for the preparation of monomeric s‐heptazines are known in the literature. Furthermore, these few reported synthetic pathways generally require the use of specialized equipment that may not be available to all laboratories interested in studying monomeric s‐heptazines. For this reason, a more accessible synthetic route for the preparation of monomeric s‐heptazines has been developed in the course of this work. The central compound of this new approach is 2,5,8‐tri(1H‐pyrrol‐1‐yl)‐s‐heptazine, which could be conveniently synthesized via an acid catalyzed pyrrolation of melem with bench‐stable 2,5‐dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in a simple one‐pot synthesis in air. This compound was shown to be a potent starting material for the synthesis of numerous other monomeric s‐heptazines by reaction with both nucleophiles and electrophiles. The monomeric s‐heptazines thus accessible were analyzed for their crystal structures by single crystal X‐ray diffraction and for their optical properties by ultraviolet/visible and photoluminescence spectroscopy.
A parameter transformation of the anisotropic Matérn covariance function
Authors: Rai Kamal , Brown Patrick E. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe describe a polar coordinate transformation of the anisotropy parameters of the Matérn covariance function, which provides two benefits over the standard parameterization. First, it identifies a single point (the origin) with the special case of isotropy. Second, the posterior distribution of the transformed anisotropic angle and ratio is approximately bell‐shaped and unimodal even in the case of isotropy. This has advantages for parameter inference and density estimation. We also apply a transformation to the standard deviation and range such that they are approximately orthogonal. We demonstrate this parameter transformation through two simulated and two real data sets, and conclude by considering possible extensions, such as implementing this transformation for approximate Bayesian inference methods.
Conductive, Copper‐plated, Patinated – Surface Modification on PLA from the 3D Printer
Authors: Zell Lukas , Utz Korbinian , Friedrich Jens 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn diesem Artikel wird die Oberflächenmodifikation von 3D‐gedruckten Objekten in drei Schritten beschrieben. Zuerst werden Objekte aus Polymilchsäure (PLA) mittels Aceton und Graphit leitfähig gemacht. Anschließend wird auf dieser leitfähigen Schicht Kupfer galvanisch abgeschieden. Im dritten Schritt wird die Kupferschicht einem gezielten Alterungsprozess unterzogen, wobei abhängig der verwendeten Chemikalien eine farbige Kupferpatina entsteht. Dieses Projekt verbindet auf spannende Weise die Themengebiete Kunststoffe, Elektrochemie und kunstvolle Korrosionsprozesse.