bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
STARTING BUSINESSES THROUGH RECIPROCAL INFORMAL SUBCONTRACTING: EVIDENCE FROM THE INFORMAL GARMENT INDUSTRY IN HO CHI MINH CITY
Authors: Goto Kenta 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis paper addresses the question of how cash constrained and inexperienced people in developing countries can start their businesses by looking at the informal garment industry of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. This industry caters primarily for the domestic local markets and produce garments through local subcontracting systems. These subcontracting systems are embedded in social networks, which are based on kinship and territorial relationships, and are reciprocal in nature. This paper argues that in the absence of formal institutions supporting business start‐ups, such reciprocal informal subcontracting could play major roles. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro binding profile and radiosynthesis of a novel 18F‐labeled azaspirovesamicol analog as potential ligand for imaging of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter
Authors: Wenzel Barbara , Hiller Achim , Fischer Steffen , Sorger Dietlind , Deuther‐Conrad Winnie , Scheunemann Matthias , Brust Peter , Sabri Osama , Steinbach Jörg 
Published: May 2011

AbstractRadiolabeled vesamicol analogs are promising candidates as ligands for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) to enable in vivo imaging of early cholinergic degenerations in brain. The 4‐fluorobenzoyl‐substituted azaspirovesamicol derivative FBASV is one out of six novel vesamicol analogs and demonstrated most appropriate in vitro binding data. 18F‐radiolabeling was performed by microwave‐assisted nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the corresponding nitro precursor and two methods were developed for the purification of [18F]FBASV. Utilizing method A, the remaining nitro precursor was reduced to its corresponding amine, which was separated via semi‐preparative HPLC on a conventional RP column. In method B a phenyl column was used for the direct separation of [18F]FBASV and its nitro precursor, resulting in a change of the elution order and better separation parameters. Thus, [18F]FBASV was synthesized with a RCY of 16–18%, a specific activity >300 GBq/µmol, and a radiochemical purity of >99.5% suitable for future in vivo studies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman‐induced Kerr effect spectroscopy of single‐wall carbon nanotubes aqueous suspensions in the range 0.1–10 and 100–250 cm−1
Authors: Bunkin A. F. , Pershin S. M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHere, we study a low (less than 0.1 µg/ml) concentration aqueous suspension of single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) by Raman‐induced Kerr effect spectroscopy (RIKES) in the spectral bands 0.1–10 and 100–250 cm−1. This method is capable of carrying out direct investigation of SWNT hydration layers. A comparison of RIKES spectra of SWNT aqueous suspension and that of milli‐Q water shows a considerable growth in the intensity of low wavenumber Raman modes. These modes in the 0.1–10 cm−1 range are attributed to the rotational transitions of H2O2 and H2O molecules. We explain the observed intensity increase as due to the production of hydrogen peroxide and the formation of a low‐density depletion layer on the water–nanotube interface. A few SWNT radial breathing modes (RBM)are observed (ωRBM = 118.5, 164.7 and 233.5 cm−1) in aqueous suspension, which allows us to estimate the SWNT diameters (∼2.0, 1.5, and 1 nm, respectively). Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Online coupling of molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction to HPLC for determination of trace tetracycline antibiotic residues in egg samples
Authors: Jing Tao , Niu Jiwei , Xia Huan , Dai Qing , Zheng Hongyan , Hao Qiaolin , Mei Surong , Zhou Yikai 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn automated system has been developed for the determination of trace tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) in egg samples, based on online molecularly imprinted solid‐phase extraction (MISPE) coupling with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Oxytetracycline and chlortetracycline were chosen as mixed templates to synthesize highly selective molecularly imprinted polymers for online extraction. Under the optimal online MISPE‐HPLC condition, 10 mL egg samples were injected into the MISPE column and then the matrix was washed out. By rotating the switching valve, TCs were transferred to the analytical column and then separated by HPLC. Because sample pretreatment and chromatographic separation were carried out simultaneously, the whole analytical time (18 min) was significantly shortened compared with conventional offline techniques. The detection limits ranged from 0.8 to 1.3 ng/g. The enhancement factors were in the range of 159–410. The spiked recoveries of TCs in real egg samples ranged from 91.6 to 107.6% and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were not higher than 4.0%.
Modelling by partial least squares the relationship between the HPLC mobile phases and analytes on phenyl column
Authors: Markopoulou Catherine K. , Kouskoura Maria G. , Koundourellis John E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTwenty‐five descriptors and 61 structurally different analytes have been used on a partial least squares (PLS) to latent structure technique in order to study chromatographically their interaction mechanism on a phenyl column. According to the model, 240 different retention times of the analytes, expressed as Y variable (log k), at different % MeOH mobile‐phase concentrations have been correlated with their theoretical most important structural or molecular descriptors. The goodness‐of‐fit was estimated by the coefficient of multiple determinations r2 (0.919), and the root mean square error of estimation (RMSEE=0.1283) values with a predictive ability (Q2) of 0.901. The model was further validated using cross‐validation (CV), validated by 20 response permutations r2 (0.0, 0.0146), Q2 (0.0, −0.136) and validated by external prediction. The contribution of certain mechanism interactions between the analytes, the mobile phase and the column, proportional or counterbalancing is also studied. Trying to evaluate the influence on Y of every variable in a PLS model, VIP (variables importance in the projection) plot provides evidence that lipophilicity (expressed as Log D, Log P), polarizability, refractivity and the eluting power of the mobile phase are dominant in the retention mechanism on a phenyl column.
Comparison Between First‐timers and Repeaters for Relationship Marketing Implications
Authors: Choo Hyungsuk , Petrick James F. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTThis research note examines how different relationships affect visitors' tourism experiences at agritourism encounters, recognizing the differences between repeaters and first‐timers from a relationship marketing perspective. Results from a survey of 431 visitors to farms in Texas found that most of relationships with service providers, other customers and companions were important but differently related to satisfaction. By examining the differences and similarities between first‐timers and repeaters, this study suggests that visitors' relationships not only with service providers but also with other customers and companions should be embraced into the components of relationship marketing models in tourism. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Characterization of Epoxy/MCDEA Networks Modified with Imidazolium‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Soares Bluma Guenther , Livi Sebastien , Duchet‐Rumeau Jannick , Gerard Jean‐François 
Published: May 2011

AbstractEpoxy‐networked materials containing N,N'‐dioctadecylimidazolium iodide are prepared by curing a mixture of DGEBA and different ratios of the ionic liquid with MCDEA at high temperature. The presence of ionic liquid results in an increase of the storage modulus and a decrease of the glass transition temperature, as indicated by DMA. Also, the onset curing temperature decreases as the amount of IL increase indicating that IL also takes part on the curing process. DSC and FTIR analyses confirm that the imidazolium‐based ionic liquid is able to promote the crosslink of the epoxy pre‐polymer without the presence of external curing agent. magnified image
Exactness of some (0,1)‐forms in Hilbert spaces of infinite dimension
Authors: Talhaoui Abdallah 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe study the local exactness of the \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\overline{\partial }$\end{document} operator in the Hilbert space l2 for a particular class of (0, 1)‐forms ω of the type \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\omega (z) = \sum _i z_i\omega ^i(z) d\overline{z}_i$\end{document}, z = (zi) in l2. We suppose that each function ωi of class C∞ in the closure of the unit ball of l2, of the form \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\omega ^i(z) = \sum _k \omega ^i_k\left(z^k\right)$\end{document}, where \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbf N = \bigcup I_k$\end{document} is a partition of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbf N$\end{document} (card Ik < +∞) and zk is the projection of z on \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbf C^{I_k}$\end{document}. We obtain a positive result (Theorem 1.1) when the sequence (card Ik) is bounded. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Thermal analysis of aluminium foam based on micro‐computed tomography
Authors: Veyhl C. , Belova I. V. , Murch G. E. , Öchsner A. , Fiedler T. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractFinite element analyses are performed in order to determine the effective thermal conductivity of closed‐cell Alporas® foam and open‐cell M‐Pore® sponge. The investigated finite element models are based on high resolution micro‐computed tomography images. The complex structures of the real materials are very well represented with this method. The dependence between the computed effective thermal conductivities and relative density is approximated with analytical scaling laws and linear regression models. Calculations in three perpendicular directions aim towards the investigation of a possible anisotropy. Furthermore, different model sizes are considered in order to estimate the representative volume for the effective thermal conductivity. The findings of this paper indicate that a unit cell containing at least 3 cells in each direction or 27 cells in total is sufficiently large to determine the effective thermal conductivity of these cellular materials. Note that both Alporas® and M‐Pore® exhibit the same qualitative behaviour (i. e. a linearly increasing thermal conductivity with rising relative density) at different absolute levels. More precisely, Alporas® exhibits an approximately two times higher effective thermal conductivity than M‐Pore®.
Structure borne sound in metallic hollow sphere structures
Authors: Winkler R. , Pannert W. , Merkel M. , Öchsner A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMetallic hollow sphere structures (MHSS) form a relatively new group of advanced composite materials characterised by high geometry reproduction leading to stable mechanical and physical properties. The MHSS combine the well‐known advantages of cellular metals in terms of their high ability for energy adsorption, good damping behaviour, excellent heat insulation and high specific stiffness without major scattering of their material parameters. A combination of these properties opens a wide field of potential applications, e. g. in automotive (crash absorber) and aerospace industry (sandwich panels). Various joining technologies such as sintering, soldering and adhering can be used to assemble single metallic hollow spheres to interdependent structures and allow different macroscopic properties. In this study the behaviour of Metallic Hollow Spheres Structures due to structure‐borne sound is investigated. Longitudinal vibrations within a rod serve as an example. Experimental data are compared with analytical solutions and results computed by the finite element method.
On the influence of carbon nanotubes on the wear performance and hardness of aluminium matrix composites
Authors: Xu W. , Ke L. , Xing L. , Zhao X. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe friction stir process (FSP) can be used to prepare carbon nanotubes (CNTs) forming reinforced Al matrix composites. The effect of CNTs content on the wear behaviour and hardness of aluminium based composites was studied. Adding CNTs effectively strengthens the matrix, and significantly improves the hardness of the composites. Composite wear test results showed that the addition of CNTs could enhance the wear resistance of the matrix. With increasing CNTs content, the wear resistance of the matrix markedly improved. The wear curve of the materials is a smooth curve.
Effect of reinforcement arrangement on the limit strength capacity of concrete slabs
Authors: Matešan D. , Radnić J. , Grgić N. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe paper first presents the results of experimental tests of limit strength capacity of a one‐way reinforced concrete slab with three different reinforcement arrangements and a two‐way reinforced concrete slab with three different support types. A numerical model for the analysis of reinforced concrete and pre‐stressed concrete slabs and shells, already developed by the authors, was additionally tested on the obtained experimental test results. Then, the limit strength capacity of one‐way and two‐way reinforced concrete slabs was tested for different reinforcement arrangements using the aforementioned numerical model. Finally, the main conclusions of the research are presented.
Experiments on the bending failure of diagonally stiffened circular plates
Authors: Modarresi H. , Showkati H. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this paper, the bending behavior of circular steel plates with diagonal stiffeners has been studied. A bending analysis of the circular plates with different diagonal stiffeners has been carried out experimentally in order to predict their ultimate bending capacity. Two types of shallow and deep stiffeners of reverse L and rectangular cross sections were installed to strengthen the plates. In the experiments, both simply‐supported and clamped‐edge boundary conditions were set up under the effect of lateral pressure. The obtained experimental results have been verified by a non‐linear analysis of the stiffened circular plates using the finite element method (FEM). The analytical process has been carried out based on the tensile test data of the steel used in the specimens. Furthermore, the post‐buckling behavior of the plates has been studied up to the final flexural collapse, where unusual rupture results have been found. Different studies have shown a good consistency between experimental and analytical results.
Recovery stresses in SMA wires for civil engineering applications: experimental analysis and thermomechanical modelling
Authors: Tran H. , Balandraud X. , Destrebecq J.‐F. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe present study deals with the creation of so‐called “recovery stresses” in SMA wires. Two approaches are developed. First, experiments are performed on nickel‐titanium wires with suitable transformation temperatures. The wires are stretched in the martensite state at ambient temperature. A thermal cycle at constant strain is applied to transform the martensite to austenite, in order to activate the shape memory effect. During the thermal loading, both the phase transformation and the thermal expansion lead to stresses in the wires. Second, a thermomechanical model is used to analyze the experimental results. The model accounts for the phase transformations caused by combinations of stress and temperature loadings. The results are then discussed in the framework of application to concrete component reinforcement.
A one‐dimensional implementation of a coupled elasto‐plastic model for ductile damage
Authors: Esmaeili M. , Öchsner A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA one‐dimensional numerical implementation of the Lemaitre damage model is presented. The implementation is close to classical finite element schemes but can be realised by simple codes or by the application of commercial computer algebra systems. Based on the presented theory and computational algorithm, the elasto‐plastic deformation of a one‐dimensional bar is simulated. The damage evolution is evaluated for different isotropic hardening behaviour and stated as a function of the plastic strain. The described algorithm allows a simple investigation of the influence of different parameters on the damage evolution.
Pardoprunox in early Parkinson's disease: Results from 2 large, randomized double‐blind trials
Authors: Sampaio Cristina , Bronzova Juliana , Hauser Robert A. , Lang Anthony E. , Rascol Olivier , van de Witte Serge V. , Theeuwes and Ad ,   for the Rembrandt/Vermeer Study Groups
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis report presents the results of 2 randomized trials—Rembrandt and Vermeer—on the efficacy and safety of pardoprunox in patients with early Parkinson's disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease with a Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale–Motor score ≥ 10 and modified Hoehn and Yahr stage ≤ 3 were randomized to pardoprunox (fixed doses of 6 mg/day [n = 115] or 12 mg/day [n = 118] or a flexible‐dose range of 12–42 mg/day [n = 116]) or placebo (n = 119) in Rembrandt and pardoprunox 12–42 mg/day (n = 108), pramipexole 1.5–4.5 mg/day (n = 116), or placebo (n = 110) in Vermeer. Pardoprunox showed a significant benefit over placebo in the primary efficacy variable, least‐square mean change from baseline in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale–Motor score: Rembrandt—fixed doses of 6 and 12 mg/day, −6.0 and −4.7 points, respectively; flexible‐dose 12–42 mg/day, −5.5 points; placebo, −2.9 points; Vermeer—flexible‐dose 12–42 mg/day, −4.9 points; placebo, −2.5 points; pramipexole, −5.7 points. No minimum effective dose was established. Secondary efficacy parameters supported the results of the primary efficacy variable. Pardoprunox tolerability was dose related: flexible‐dose 12–42 mg/day showed the highest dropout rate due to treatment‐emergent adverse events (Rembrandt, 56.0%; Vermeer, 46.3%) and overall incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events (Rembrandt, 97.4%; Vermeer, 92.6%), primarily due to nausea, somnolence, and dizziness. Because pardoprunox showed similar efficacy across all dose groups, these observations suggest that the 12–42 mg/day dose range was higher than therapeutically required. Furthermore, the early onset of treatment‐emergent adverse events and dropouts observed for pardoprunox suggest that titration was too rapid. Pardoprunox significantly improved motor symptoms in patients with early Parkinson's disease, but further investigation into the dose and titration schedule is required to improve tolerability. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Does cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction contribute to fatigue in Parkinson's disease?
Authors: Nakamura Tomohiko , Hirayama Masaaki , Hara Takashi , Hama Tetsuo , Watanabe Hirohisa , Sobue Gen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPatients with Parkinson's disease often complain of fatigue, and although cardiac sympathetic denervation is thought to be associated with fatigue, this link remains unclear. Previously, we detected cardiac sympathetic denervation in patients with Parkinson's disease using dobutamine, a selective beta‐1 stimulant. To clarify the involvement of autonomic dysfunction in fatigue in Parkinson's disease, we conducted autonomic function tests on 33 patients with Parkinson's disease (mean age, 66.1 ± 5.6 years; 20 men, 13 women) and evaluated their relationships to fatigue. We divided patients into 2 groups, fatigued (n = 12) and nonfatigued (n = 21), based on an average score ≥ 3.3 on the Parkinson fatigue scale. Autonomic function tests included the coefficient of variation of R–R intervals, head‐up tilt test, norepinephrine and dobutamine infusion tests, and cardiac 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy. The coefficient of variation of R–R intervals and the systolic blood pressure changes accompanying the head‐up tilt test did not show significant differences between the 2 groups; however, the pressor responses in the norepinephrine and dobutamine infusion tests were significantly greater in the fatigued group than in the nonfatigued group. The 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine heart‐to‐mediastinal uptake ratio was lower in the fatigued group than in the nonfatigued group. Partial correlation analyses, using disease duration and Hoehn and Yahr stage as control variables, also demonstrated significant correlations between the Parkinson fatigue scale score and the results of the autonomic function tests and cardiac 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine uptake. Our results suggest that autonomic dysfunction, including cardiac sympathetic denervation, is associated with fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Isotropic conforming refinement of quadrilateral and hexahedral meshes using two‐refinement templates
Authors: Ebeida Mohamed S. , Patney Anjul , Owens John D. , Mestreau Eric 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis paper presents three automated algorithms for isotropic, conforming refinement of all‐quadrilateral and all‐hexahedral meshes. These algorithms are based on the two‐refinement templates introduced by Schneiders. However, we introduce a novel technique to choose the appropriate refinement template locally. This enables efficient implementation of the proposed algorithms, even in parallel. The proposed algorithms can handle refined regions of complicated geometry and do not suffer from concavity restrictions associated with the three‐refinement methods currently dominating the literature. Several application examples show the strength of these new algorithms in problems that require fast dynamic remeshing such as computational fluid dynamics and computer graphics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mobile and immobile gaseous transport: Embedded analytical solutions to finite volume methods
Authors: Geiser Jürgen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe motivation is driven by deposition processes based on chemical vapor problems. The underlying model problem is based on coupled transport–reaction equations with mobile and immobile areas. We deal with systems of ordinary and partial differential equations. Such equation systems are delicate to solve and we introduce a novel solver method, that takes into account ways to solve analytically parts of the transport and reaction equations.The main idea is to embed the analytical and semianalytical solutions, which can then be explicitly given to standard numerical schemes of higher order.The numerical scheme is based on flux‐based characteristic methods, which is a finite volume method. Such a method is an attractive alternative to the standard numerical schemes, which fully discretize the full equations. We instead reduce the computational time while embedding fast computable analytical parts.Here, we can accelerate the solver process, with a priori explicitly given solutions. We will focus on the derivation of the analytical solutions for general and special solutions of the characteristic methods that are embedded into a finite volume method.In the numerical examples, we illustrate the higher‐order method for different benchmark problems. Finally, the method is verified with realistic results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2012