bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep learning-based metabolomics data study of prostate cancer
Authors: Sun Liqiang , Fan Xiaojing , Zhao Yunwei , Zhang Qi , Jiang Mingyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
As a heterogeneous disease, prostate cancer (PCa) presents diverse clinical and biological features that pose challenges for early diagnosis and treatment. Metabolomics can provide new methods for the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of prostate cancer. However, metabolomics data are characterized by high throughput, sparsity, high dimensionality, and small samples, which poses great challenges for classification. Despite the wide range of applications of deep learning methods, metabolomics research based on deep learning has not yet been widely conducted.
Results:
In this study, we propose a hybrid model, namely, TCNet, based on transformer and convolutional neural networks for prostate cancer metabolomics data classification. We introduce a 1D convolution for the inputs of the dot product attention, which enables the interaction of local-global information. A gating mechanism is used so that the model can dynamically adjust the attention weights. The features extracted by the multi-head attention are extracted at a more advanced level via 1D convolution. A residual network is introduced in the 1D convolution to alleviate the gradient vanishing problem. A five-fold cross-validation was used to complete the classification experiment, our experimental study shows that the TCNet model based on a transformer with a convolutional neural network can obtain better classification results than seven other machine learning comparison algorithms.
Conclusions:
We propose a novel hybrid model for classifying prostate cancer metabolomics data and demonstrate that our approach outperforms other methods based on deep learning. Our results provide new perspectives on prostate cancer early diagnosis.
Characterizing spatial patterns among freshwater fishes and shrimps of the Poso River (Sulawesi, Indonesia) using DNA barcoding
Authors: Wibowo Arif , Kurniawan Kurniawan , Prakoso Vitas Atmadi , Ginanjar Rendy , Rochman Fathur , Zamroni Mochammad , Atminarso Dwi , Sumarto Bayu Kreshna Adhitya , Chadijah Andi , Irawan Deni , Deniansen Tri , Suriani Irma , Syamsi Agus Noor , Achmadi Andi , Surbani Indah Lestari , Akbar Sabda Alam , Hubert Nicolas , Baumgartner Lee 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Fish biodiversity assessments play a crucial role in identifying potential threats, and the overall health of aquatic ecosystems. Poso River in Sulawesi, Indonesia presents a complex scenario where changes in fish biodiversity can be influenced by habitat alteration, the introduction of non-native fish species and overfishing. In this study, we assessed fish biodiversity in Poso River to gain a better understanding of the challenges to its aquatic biodiversity. This knowledge is critical for enhancing fisheries management and conservation programs, and is essential for improving the fishway system integrated into hydropower dams. The biodiversity study utilized a comprehensive methodology that encompassed both traditional taxonomic approaches and DNA barcoding, specifically targeting the mitochondrial Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit-1 (COI) gene for accurately identify species and validate their boundaries. It was conducted in upstream, environmental flows of hydropower dams, and downstream areas of the river. We found 27 species of fish in the Poso River, including both native and non-native species. Two endangered species were also observed. DNA barcoding was performed to examine species boundaries and identity. The fish population in the Poso River is dominated by non-native species, accounting for 85.70% of the total population. The upstream area had the highest fish abundance and diversity, while the downstream area had the lowest. There was no significant difference in species richness and diversity across different locations and seasons. The dominance of non-native species in the Poso River necessitates the improvement of existing fish passages equipped in hydropower dams through the development of selective fish passages that can block the distribution of these invasive species. This research highlights the critical issue of non-native species proliferation and its potential threat they pose to native fish populations, providing valuable insights for conservation and management efforts in Indonesia and similar ecosystems worldwide.
Translation Landscape of Stress Granules
Authors: Guo Qiang , Wu Yichun , Wang Xing , Meng Lingyu , Liao Zhizhao , Ji Wei , Zhang Peipei , Lin Jie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Stress granules, cytoplasmic assemblies of RNA-binding proteins and mRNAs formed during cellular stress, are implicated in translational control. However, their exact functions remain elusive. Here, we employed cryogenic correlative light and electron microscopy to visualize stress granules in their native environment and reconstructed them in 3D using tomography. This approach provided the first quantitative and spatial analysis of the translational machinery within stress granules. Our findings suggest that stress granules have a limited impact on global translation regulation but serve to protect small ribosomal subunits and pre-initiation complexes (PICs) from degradation. Numerical simulations based on a phase-field model accurately reproduced the spatial distribution of ribosomal components inside and outside the stress granules, shedding light on the thermodynamic principles governing this process.
Dynamics for Advective-cooperative System With Free Boundaries Ina Nondegenerate Epidemiological Model
Authors: Nguyen Hieu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The present paper is devoted to the investigation of the long time dynamics for advective-cooperativesystem with free boundaries, which models the infectious diseases transmitted via digestive system such as fecal-oraldiseases, cholera, hand-foot and mouth, etc... The couple advective yield significant obstacle that we cannot employthe approach of [1, 16]. To overcome this, we must prove the existence and the variational formula for the principaleigenvalue of a linear system with advective-cooperative, then use it to obtain the right limits as the dispersal ratesand domain tend to zero or infinity. Additionally, we conduct numerical simulations to validate our theoreticalresults, and explore the effects of various parameters.
Visuo-spatial compound stimuli discrimination with (Gryllus pennsylvanicus) in two-choices rewarding learning tasks
Authors: Cyr André , Morrow Isaiah , Morand-Ferron Julie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper proposes an experimental protocol allowing Gryllus pennsylvanicus to discriminate an A-A and A-B motif pairs of compound visual stimuli. Specifically, this study consists in an operant conditioning procedure including a dichotomic Y-maze, two different pairs of compound visual colored cues and a water reward. Results are conclusive for this visuo-spatial regularities study, Gryllus pennsylvanicus were able to significantly discriminate between the two compound visual patterns and learned the association with the reinforcer.
Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Age-Specific Growth Characteristics in the Rumen of Hanwoo (Korean Native Cattle) Steers
Authors: Park Yejee , Jang Sunsik , Chai Han-Ha , Son Ju-Whan , Lim Dajeong , Park Woncheoul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Hanwoo cattle are a Korean breed renowned for their cultural significance and high-quality beef, characterized by low cholesterol and a high unsaturated fat ratio. Their growth is divided into a growing phase focused on development and a fattening phase for marbling. Proper feed management, considering genetic and environmental factors, is vital for maximizing growth potential. The rumen plays a crucial role in digestion and gene expression regulation, with rumen fermentation being central to nutrient absorption and cattle health. In this study, we conduct a transcriptome analysis of the rumen at eight timepoints. Our goal is to identify genetic factors that influence the growth of Hanwoo steers to enhance our understanding of the rumen’s functions during Hanwoo growth.
Results
In the RNA-sequencing analysis of Hanwoo steer rumen, differential gene expression was examined over eight timepoints, highlighting significant genetic changes, particularly between 12 and 26 months. The results of a weighted gene co-expression network analysis were identified and organized into three modules: turquoise, blue, and yellow. The turquoise module, linked to immune response, showed down-regulation in genes at 30 months. The blue module, associated with steroid metabolism, was notably up-regulated at 26 months. The yellow module’s genes showed a consistent increase in expression with growth. These modules and their functional annotations provide a deeper understanding of the biological processes during Hanwoo growth, highlighting the intricate relationship between gene expression and cattle development.
Conclusions
The growth stages of Hanwoo steers were explored in our investigation utilizing rumen transcriptome data. The rumen plays a critical role in their development, particularly during the growing and fattening phases. Proper feed management, considering the rumen’s function, is essential for optimal growth. Transcriptome analysis helps identify genes associated with growth and provides insights for cattle breeding and management practices. Understanding the complex connection between gene expression and Hanwoo development is essential for maximizing productivity and health.
Oxidation is a potentially significant methane sink in land-terminating glacial runoff
Authors: Strock Kristin E. , Krewson Rachel , Hayes Nicole M. , Deemer Bridget R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Globally, aquatic ecosystems are one of the largest but most uncertain sources of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. It is unclear how climate change will affect methane emissions, but recent work suggests that glacial systems, which are melting faster with climate change, may be an important source of methane to the atmosphere. Currently, studies quantifying glacial emissions are limited in number, and the role of methanotrophy, or microbial methane oxidizers, in reducing atmospheric emissions from source and receiving waters is not well known. Here we discuss three potential sites for methane oxidation that could mitigate emissions from glaciers into the atmosphere: under ice oxidation, oxidation within proglacial lakes, and oxidation within melt rivers. The research presented here increases the number of glacial sites with methane concentration data and is one of only a few studies to quantify the net microbial activity of methane production and oxidation in two types of land-terminating glacial runoff (lake and river). We find that oxidation in a glacial river may reduce atmospheric methane emissions from glacial melt by as much as 50%. Future efforts to constrain methane emissions from glacial systems should account for methane oxidation.
Comparison of Anthropometric Indices for Predicting the Risk of Metabolic Diseases: Result from Ravansar NonCommunicable Disease (RaNCD) Cohort Study
Authors: Darbandi Mitra , Mansouri Kamyar , Shahnazi Narges , Pasdar Yahya , Moludi Jalal , shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi , Shadmani Fatemeh Khosravi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The effectiveness of anthropometric indices in predicting metabolic diseases is still of debate. This study aimed to compare anthropometric indices for predicting the risk of metabolic diseases.
Methods
We used the data of 10,047 Iranian adults aged 35 to 65 years participating in the first phase of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. The investigated metabolic diseases included cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. Anthropometric indices included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), visceral fat area (VFA), body fat mass (BFM), percent body fat (PBF), fat mass index (FMI), a body shape index (ABSI), and body roundness index (BRI). The predictive power of anthropometric indices was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
The BRI (AUC: 0.76; 95%CI: 0.74–0.78), WHtR (AUC: 0.63; 95%CI: 0.61–0.66), and PBF (AUC: 0.62; 95%CI: 0.59–0.64) indices showed the highest power for predicting CVDs, while WHtR (AUC: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.62–0.68) and BRI (AUC: 0.64; 95%CI: 0.61–0.67) indices were most effective for predicting diabetes. In men, BRI (AUC: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.61–0.66) and WHtR (AUC: 0.63, 95%CI: 0.61–0.65) indices had the highest power for predicting hypertension, while in women, BMI, WHtR, and VFA (AUC ≥ 0.60) indices were most effective for predicting hypertension. Additionally, BMI, BFM, FMI, VFA, and WHR indices had the highest power for predicting dyslipidemia (AUC ≥ 0.63).
Conclusion
Increasing anthropometric indices, especially BRI, WHtR, VFA, and BFM, can be used as independent predictors for metabolic diseases.
Impact of primary headache and health- seeking behaviour among advanced-level students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dinul Doluweera , Baarkavy Nanthakumar , Supun Adhikari , Ovini Vinoja , Dulangi Weerasinghe , Shyamini Adikaram , Surangi Jayakody 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Primary headache is a common neurological disorder that causes significant disability. This study aimed to determine the proportion of primary headache, its impact on quality of life, and the patterns of health-seeking behaviour among advanced-level (A/L) students in the Western Province of Sri Lanka.Methods and material A cross-sectional study was conducted on students following the local A/L curriculum. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was distributed via online platforms to assess the presence of headache, type of headache and sociodemographic and educational factors associated with it. The Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) questionnaire was used to assess the impact on quality of life. Data related to the methods of relief employed were also collected. Chi-square tests, Fisher’s exact tests and independent t tests were used to determine the factors associated with primary headache, and a p value of < 0.05 indicated statistical significance.Results A total of 441 students with a mean age of 19 ± 0.9 years consisting of predominantly females (66.4%) were included. The proportion of patients with primary headache among the participants was 57.1% (n = 252). It was significantly greater among females and students following the bioscience stream. According to the HIT-6 questionnaire, 42.1% (n = 106) of respondents reported that primary headache had a severe impact (score > 60) on their quality of life. Most students (71.4%, n = 180) used medication, with 51.7% (n = 130) self-medicating, while only 21% (n = 53) sought professional advice. Notably, over half (51.7%) of the respondents reported that self-medication was moderately effective, and 14.4% reported it to be ineffective.Conclusion A high proportion of A/L students suffer from primary headache, which significantly impacts their quality of life, with 42.1% having a HIT-6 score greater than 60. The majority were self-treated but with suboptimal relief. The rates of professional consultation were concerningly low. These findings highlighted the need for promoting proper diagnosis and management of headaches in this population, along with emphasis on the perils of unregulated analgesic use.
Epigenetic Fingerprints Link Early-Onset Colon and Rectal Cancer to Pesticide Exposure
Authors: Maas Silvana , Baraibar Iosune , Blanco-Irazuegui Odei , Tabernero Josep , Elez Elena , Seoane Jose 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is rapidly rising in individuals younger than 50, particularly in high-income countries. This rise parallels shifts in lifestyle and environmental factors, collectively termed the exposome; however, whether these are causally linked to the development of early-onset CRC (EOCRC) has not been investigated. Due to limited exposome data in most cancer cohorts, we constructed weighted methylation risk scores (MRS) as proxies for exposome exposure to pinpoint specific risk factors associated with EOCRC. Our analysis confirms previously identified risk factors, such as educational attainment, diet, and smoking habits. Moreover, we identified the exposure to the herbicide picloram as a novel risk factor (Padj. = 0.00049), a result we replicated in a meta-analysis comprising six CRC cohorts (P = 0.021), comparing EOCRC cases with patients diagnosed aged ≥70. Subsequently, we employed population-based data from 81 U.S. counties over 20 years and validated the association between picloram usage and EOCRC incidence (P = 2.87×10-3). These findings highlight the critical role of the exposome in EOCRC risk, underscoring the urgency for targeted personal and policy-level interventions.
The Green Trilemma: Energy Efficiency, Banking Stability and Climate Risk in the ESG Context at World Level
Authors: Arnone Massimo , Leogrande Angelo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the following article, we analyse the relationships among banking stability, the efficiency of the energy system and climate risks at a global level. We present a detailed analysis of the literature relating to the relationship between the banking system and Environmental, Social and Governance-ESG models. In our research, we try to verify whether it is possible to achieve energy efficiency, stability of the banking system and reduction of climate risk together i.e. the “Green Trilemma”. The econometric analysis is conducted through the following models: Panel Data with Random Effects, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Pooled Ordinary Least Squared and Weighted Least Squared-WLS. To estimate the variables we used World Bank data. The analysis shows that ESG growth is negatively associated with energy efficiency and positively associated with banking stability and climate risk. It therefore follows that the Green Trilemma hypothesis is rejected. Countries can only target banking stability and climate risk through ESG models.
JEL Code: G21, Q43, Q47, Q51, Q54.
Military and school personnel psychological states amidst the Pandemic: A Kruskal-Wallis comparative analysis
Authors: Fernandez Aldwin Roy L. , Laud-Iligan Hanna Grace , Relleve Cesar Chester O. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose – This study aims to determine the Compassion Satisfaction, Burnout, and Secondary Traumatic Stress among Military and School Personnel.Method - Quantitative descriptive-comparative research design was used. There are 147 respondents participated in this study.Result - Compassion Satisfaction levels of Military-Enlisted and Teaching Personnel were Average, while for the Military-Officer and Non-Teaching School Personnel were High; Burnout for the Military-Enlisted and Teaching Personnel were both Average, while the Military-Officer and Non-Teaching School Personnel were both low; and the Secondary Traumatic Stress was Low for the Military-Officer and Average to other three groups of respondents. Significant differences manifested after employing the parametric test MANOVA and non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis. Post Hoc test was employed in order to identify the specific significant differences.Implication – The researchers have identified significant pattern and trends that contribute to the understanding of comparison, personnel who are less often directly exposed to the clients have better Psychological States descriptively.Originality - This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge in the areas of Compassion, Burnout and Stress experienced by militaries and educators in the conduct of their respective public services.***Tujuan - Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Kepuasan Belas Kasih, Burnout, dan Stres Trauma Sekunder di antara Personel Militer dan Sekolah, serta untuk membandingkan kondisi-kondisi psikologis tersebut.Metode - Desain penelitian deskriptif-komparatif kuantitatif digunakan. Ada 147 responden yang berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini.Hasil - Tingkat Kepuasan Belas Kasih pada Tamtama Militer dan Tenaga Pengajar tergolong sedang, sedangkan pada Perwira Militer dan Tenaga Kependidikan tergolong tinggi; Burnout pada Tamtama Militer dan Tenaga Pengajar tergolong sedang, sedangkan pada Perwira Militer dan Tenaga Kependidikan tergolong rendah; dan Stres Traumatis Sekunder tergolong rendah pada Tamtama Militer dan tergolong sedang pada tiga kelompok responden lainnya. Perbedaan yang signifikan terlihat setelah menggunakan uji parametrik MANOVA dan non parametrik Kruskal-Wallis. Uji Post Hoc digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi perbedaan signifikan yang spesifik,Implikasi - Para peneliti telah mengidentifikasi pola dan tren signifikan yang berkontribusi pada pemahaman perbandingan, personel yang lebih jarang terpapar langsung dengan klien memiliki kondisi psikologis yang lebih baik secara deskriptif.Orisinalitas - Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pengetahuan yang sudah ada di bidang Welas Asih, Kelelahan dan Stres yang dialami oleh militer dan pendidik dalam melaksanakan layanan publik masing-masing.
Assessing and auditing water transport systems by applying the energy equations
Authors: Cabrera Enrique , Abreu José Manuel , Gómez Elena , del Teso Roberto , Estruch-Juan Elvira 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
In improving the energy efficiency of water transport systems, two critical stages are involved: assessment (to understand the system's operation and identify potential energy savings) and auditing (to locate and break down the energy losses). Both stages are based on energy balances, which can be conducted using either the extended Bernoulli equation or the energy integral equation. Both equations can be applied, but depending on the system, data availability, and the kind of study to be performed, one is preferable over the other. This paper analyses, applies and compares both equations, with a particular focus on the less commonly used energy integral equation in the hydraulic field. This more general equation includes thermal and transient effects and it is more suitable for analyzing complex systems. In contrast, the extended Bernoulli equation, while simpler to apply, can lead to the loss of relevant information, such as the evaluation of the topographic energy. The main objective of this work is to bridge the gap between these two fundamental energy equations and recommend the most appropriate one for hydraulic problems. Real examples are presented to show their differences and validate our recommendations.
Degradation of acetochlor via the UV/persulfate process: Mechanisms, kinetics, and pathways
Authors: Hu Chen-Yan , Ji Sheng-Jie , Dong Zheng-Yu , Wu Yi-Hui , Dong Zi-Yi , Hu Li-Li , Yang Xin-Yu , Liu Hao 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The environmental health risks of acetochlor (ACE) have received widespread attention. The removal of ACE via the ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) process was investigated in this study. The degradation of ACE in the UV/PS process fitted pseudo-first-order kinetics. ACE can be effectively removed in the pH range of 5.0–9.0. In addition, the removal efficiency of ACE increases with the increase in PS concentration. The experimental and calculation results prove that the contributions of UV irradiation, sulfate radicals (SO4•-) and hydroxyl radicals (HO·) were 40, 52.1, and 6.43%, respectively, and the second-order rate constants between SO4•- and with ACE are 3.5 × 109 and 5.6 × 109M−1s−1, respectively. The influences of different water matrices were explored. Both chloride ions and bicarbonate can inhibit the degradation of ACE, while the effects of sulfate ions and nitrate can be negligible. Humic acid (HA) has an inhibitory effect of ACE degradation. The intermediates were detected and the possible degradation pathway of ACE was proposed. The results of this study can provide technical support for the control of ACE in the environment.