bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal changes of psychological distress among childhood cancer survivors: The Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Raguindin Peter Francis , Rueegg Corina S. , Kälin Sonja , Bergstraesser Eva , von der Weid Nicolas X. , Tinner Eva Maria , Kuehni Claudia E. , Michel Gisela 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors may experience psychological distress due to the disease, cancer treatments, and potential late effects. Limited knowledge exists regarding longitudinal changes in psychological distress after childhood cancer. We aimed to determine changes in psychological distress over time and explore determinants of changes.MethodsThe Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study collected data at baseline (2007–2009) and follow‐up (2010–2012). Psychological distress was measured using the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI‐18), including three symptom scales (somatization, depression, anxiety) and an overall distress index (Global Severity Index, GSI). Sum‐scores were T‐standardized (mean = 50; standard deviation [SD] = 10). Survivors with a score ≥57 on the GSI or two symptom scales were classified as cases with distress. We used linear mixed effects regression to identify potential sociodemographic and clinical determinants of change in psychological distress.ResultsWe analyzed 696 survivors at baseline (mean age = 24 years [SD = 4], 49% females, mean time since diagnosis = 16 years [SD = 4]). On follow‐up (2.4 years, SD = 1), 317 survivors were analyzed, including 302 participants with repeated measures. We found that 13% (39/302) were cases at baseline, and 25% (76/302) were cases on follow‐up. Those older at study and longer since diagnosis, females, diagnosed with central nervous system (CNS) tumors, and those reporting late effects were more likely to experience higher levels of distress. Females and unemployed are at higher risk for developing or persisting psychological distress than males and those who are employed or in training.ConclusionWe observed an increase in psychological distress score over time, with higher proportion of psychological distress on follow‐up. Anticipatory guidance and screening should be implemented in regular follow‐up care.
Robust security‐based model predictive control for nonlinear cyber‐physical system under random occurring deception attacks and actuator saturation
Authors: Wu Yuying , Zhang Langwen , Xie Wei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article presents a robust security‐based model predictive control (MPC) framework for a class of discrete‐time nonlinear cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) suffering random deception attacks and persistent actuator saturation. In CPSs, the attacks can significantly degrade the control performance. Naturally, a larger degree of control is required, prompting the consideration of actuator saturation in CPS's structure. In our work, the cyberattacks on the controller‐actuator (C‐A) channel are described as a stochastic process with specific probability and bounded energy. The security‐related constraint is introduced to improve the resistance and robustness against attacks. Mean‐square quadratic boundedness is derived to estimate the robustly invariant set. By placing the saturated input into a convex hull, a robust security‐based MPC optimization problem is addressed less conservatively with linear matrix inequality technique. Furthermore, the feasibility of the proposed method is proved recursively, and the stability and security of the closed‐loop system are established in mean‐square sense. In the end, the laboratory tank and reactor‐separator process are applied to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Robust adaptive safety control of uncertain nonlinear systems and its application to differential robots
Authors: Han Xingzhe , Long Lijun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article focuses on the problem of robust adaptive safety control of a class of nonlinear systems with parametric uncertainties. Two novel definitions, that is, robust adaptive control Lyapunov function (RACLF) and robust adaptive control barrier function (RACBF) are introduced in this article. Also, an estimation of unknown parameters is obtained based on multiple identification models, state predictors and a logic switching mechanism. The switching mechanism plays a vital role in enhancing the transient properties of nonlinear systems. Meanwhile, a safe motion framework for differential robots is provided based on the existence of parametric uncertainties in RACLF and RACBF, and a safe and stable controller is obtained by solving quadratic programming. Finally, simulation results of differential robot capable of safe motion in space are presented to verify the validity of the design method.
Is There a Genetic Confound in the Relation of Home Literacy Environment with Children's Reading Skills? A Familial Control Method Approach
Authors: Zhang Su‐Zhen , Inoue Tomohiro , Georgiou George K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe examined the relation between home literacy environment (HLE), parents' reading skills, and children's emergent literacy skills (pinyin letter knowledge, phonological awareness, and vocabulary) and reading (word reading and reading comprehension) in a sample of 168 Chinese children (Mage = 74.26 months) followed from kindergarten to Grade 1. Results of structural equation modeling showed that code‐related HLE activities and access to literacy resources continued to predict children's emergent literacy skills after controlling for the effects of family's socioeconomic status and both parents' reading skills. Parents' reading skills also exerted a direct effect on children's reading comprehension. These findings suggest that HLE exerts a true environmental effect on children's reading skills that is not due to a genetic confound.
Comparison of dry (air classification) and wet fractionated pea protein on protein molecular structure and gelling properties
Authors: Kottage Samitha Madushani , Samaranayaka Anusha Geethangani Perera , Bhowmik Pankaj , Chen Lingyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDry fractionation is an environmentally friendly and cost‐effective method to separate protein fractions. While most research has focused on the structure and functional properties of pea protein isolates (PPI), the information on dry fractionated pea protein (DFPP) is limited. This study compared DFPP (protein content (PC): 50.7%, insoluble fiber: 17%), to PPI (PC: 80.1%, insoluble fiber: 8.33%), in terms of the protein structure, solubility, and heat‐induced gelation. SDS‐Page, size‐exclusive chromatographic, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectrophotometer analysis indicated that DFPP contained the major protein components in pea, and their native structures were well maintained. Whereas for PPI, some proteins were lost during wet extraction, and partial protein unfolding and aggregation were observed. At neutral pH, DFPP showed significantly higher solubility (44.64 ± 0.55%) than PPI (12.09 ± 1.42%). Interestingly, DFPP showed good gelling capacity as reflected by lower gelling concentration and higher gel mechanical strength and elasticity compared to those made from PPI. The DFPP gels were twice higher in mechanical strength (7.71 ± 0.21 kPa) than that prepared from PPI at pH 7. Strong gels were also obtained for DFPP at pH 5. The gel morphology revealed phase separation between protein and polysaccharides by heating, with stick‐shaped fiber (10–25 μm) dispersed in the continuous protein networks. Eventually, the polysaccharides including fiber and starch helped strengthen the gel network by acting as fillers. This knowledge will help to expand the applications of DFPP as a gelling ingredient in food formulations, but also allow industry to benefit from the dietary fiber co‐exist in the protein to develop healthier food products using a holistic approach.
Ternary Nanocomposites of Copper/graphitic‐Phase Carbon Nitride/rare‐Earth Pentaborate for Photocatalytic Applications Under Simulated Sunlight Illumination
Authors: Sun Xiaorui , Chen Zuli , Chen Min , Li Yan , Yang Jia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA wide variety of borate materials are emerging as photocatalysts. Usually, the borates possess a large bandgap which limits their absorption of visible light, and the strategy of preparing nanocomposites is an effective way to enhance the absorption of light. X‐ray powder diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to show that a three‐component nanocomposites was successfully prepared. For the photo‐degraded reactions of rhodamine B(RhB) and doxycycline hydrochloride(DH), the optimum composition of the ternary composite is a molar ratio of Gd0.9Ce0.1B5O9(GCBO) and g‐C3N4(CN) of 7 : 93, besides the mass of Cu is 2 % of the sum of the above two masses, and the ternary composite is abbreviated as 2Cu/CN@GCBO‐7. The kinetic constant for the photodegradation of RhB of sample 2Cu/CN@GCBO‐7 is 0.0580 min−1, which is 3.6 and 3.8 times that of non‐composite CN and GCBO. The mechanism postulated by free radical quenching experiments suggests that the importance of the three radicals is hole >⋅OH>⋅O2− in the photodegradation reaction. In addition, the kinetic constant for the photodegradation of DH of sample 2Cu/CN@GCBO‐7 is 0.0018 min−1, and the sample 2Cu/CN@GCBO‐7 has a hydrogen evolution rate of 11.8 μmol/h/g.
I2/DMSO Mediated Direct Selenylation of Uracils with Diorganoyl Diselenides – A Simple Protocol to Access 5‐Selanyl‐Uracils
Authors: Thedy Maria Eduarda C. , Gularte Mylena M. , Azeredo Juliano B. , Braga Antonio L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study demonstrates a direct and regioselective selenylation protocol of unprotected uracils with diorganoyl diselenides using equivalent amount of DMSO as oxidant and minimum solvent, under catalysis by molecular iodine. This methodology tolerates a broad scope of functional groups to provide several 5‐organoseleno‐substituted uracil derivatives in good to excellent yields.
Professional recognition and parity: A necessity for New South Wales sonographers
Authors: Clark Amy , Kennedy Narelle , Brown Paula , Thomas Liza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAccredited Medical Sonographers are highly specialised healthcare professionals who have specific knowledge, competence, and responsibility. While the profession of sonography is evolving in terms of career pathways and regulation, sonographers in NSW are divided according to pay, working conditions, career progression, and gender pay inequality. To retain quality staff amidst a national sonographer shortage, urgent award reform is needed. Professional equality and unification of sonographers along with career diversity and satisfaction is crucial to ensure NSW patients receive the highest quality healthcare.
A bibliometric perspective on the occurrence and migration of microplastics in soils amended with sewage sludge
Authors: Fu Bomin , Zhou Weimin , Chen Yucai , Wu Yang , Gan Wenhui , She Nian , Ma Yibing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe land application of sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plants has been recognized as a major source of microplastic contamination in soil. Nevertheless, the fate and behavior of microplastics in soil remain uncertain, particularly their distribution and transport, which are poorly understood. This study does a bibliometric analysis and visualization of relevant research publications using the CiteSpace software. It explores the limited research available on the topic, highlighting the potential for it to emerge as a research hotspot in the future. Chinese researchers and institutions are paying great attention to this field and are promoting close academic cooperation among international organizations. Current research hot topics mainly involve microplastic pollution caused by the land application of sewage sludge, as well as the detection, environmental fate, and removal of microplastics in soil. The presence of microplastics in sludge, typically ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of particles (p)/kg, inevitably leads to their introduction into soil upon land application. In China, the estimated annual accumulation of microplastics in the soil due to sludge use is approximately 1.7 × 1013 p. In European countries, the accumulation ranges from 8.6 to 71 × 1013 p. Sludge application has significantly elevated soil microplastic concentrations, with higher application rates and frequencies resulting in up to several‐fold increases. The primary forms of microplastics found in soils treated with sludge are fragments and fibers, primarily in white color. These microplastics consist primarily of components such as polyamide, polyethylene, and polypropylene. The vertical transport behavior of microplastics is influenced by factors such as tillage, wind, rainfall, bioturbation, microplastic characteristics (e.g., fraction, particle size, and shape), and soil physicochemical properties (e.g., organic matter, porosity, electrical conductivity, and pH). Research indicates that microplastics can penetrate up to 90 cm into the soil profile and persist for decades. Microplastics in sewage sludge‐amended soils pose potential long‐term threats to soil ecosystems and even human health. Future research should focus on expanding the theoretical understanding of microplastic behavior in these soils, enabling the development of comprehensive risk assessments and informed decision‐making for sludge management practices.Practitioner Points
Microplastics in sewage sludge range from tens to hundreds of thousands per kilogram.
Sludge land application contributes significantly to soil microplastic pollution.
The main forms of microplastics in sludge‐amended soils are fragments and fibers.
Microplastics are mainly composed of polyamide, polyethylene, and polypropylene.
Microplastics can penetrate up to 90 cm into the soil profile and persist for decades.
LnSb2O4Br (Ln=Nd and Er) and Sb4O5Br2: Lanthanoid‐Bearing and ‐Free Antimony(III) Oxide Bromides
Authors: Locke Ralf J. C. , Weis Maria , Schleid Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSb4O5Br2 crystallizes plate‐shaped in the monoclinic space group P21/c with the lattice parameters a=660.82(5) pm, b=513.71(4) pm, c=1346.35(9) pm and β=97.876(3)° for Z=2. Its crystal structure contains
{[Sb4O5]2+} layers with connected [(Sb1)O3+1]5− ψ1‐units and undisturbed pyramidal [(Sb2)O3]3− ψ1‐units, where the free electron pair is counted as a pseudo‐ligand (ψ). The bromide anions required for charge compensation of these cationic
{[Sb4O5]2+} layers form single sheets and are only bonded via van‐der‐Waals interactions in this crystal structure, as the nearest distance to antimony cations is at least 300 pm. NdSb2O4Br crystallizes plate‐shaped in the monoclinic space group P21/c as well, but with the lattice parameters a=896.24(6) pm, b=801.16(5) pm, c=799.27(5) pm and β=92.129(3)° for Z=4. The [NdO8]13− polyhedra are linked to each other via four edges and thus form fluorite‐related layers
{[NdO
]5−}, which run parallel to the (100) plane. The [SbO3]3− anions share vertices to build chains
{[SbO
O
]−} along [001], which align parallel within the (100) plane. The isolated Br− anions arrange in layers and show a minimum distance of 319 pm to the next Sb3+ cation. ErSb2O4Br crystallizes plate‐shaped in the non‐centrosymmetric tetragonal space group P4212 with the lattice parameters a=774.76(4) pm, c=899.53(6) pm and c/a=1.161 for Z=4. The erbium‐oxygen environment appears to be roughly the same as in NdSb2O4Br, so the main difference is the linkage of the ψ1‐[SbO3]3− units. Four of these [SbO3]3− anions assemble in a ring structure
{[Sb4O8]4−} by sharing corners. Layers of rings are located in the (001) plane and almost planar bromide‐anion slabs assemble between the antimony‐oxygen layers. In this article, all three crystal structures are compared with each other and single‐crystal Raman spectra were recorded and analyzed for NdSb2O4Br and ErSb2O4Br.
Axial Perturbation of Intermediate Spin (S=3/2) Iron(III) Complexes with Square Pyramidal N4X Coordination: Solid State Structures and Electronic Properties
Authors: Egner Sebastian , Akintola Oluseun , Plass Winfried , Liebing Phil , Schlörer Nils , Hörner Gerald , Weber Birgit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe combination of planar‐directing, strong‐field [N4] ligands with a weak axial field component is known to stabilize five‐coordinate iron(III) complexes in otherwise uncommon spin states. In this work, a series of axially perturbed iron(III) complexes of an [N4] macrocyclic ligand of the Jäger type, [Fe(L)X] (with X: Cl, Br, I, NCS) gave intermediate‐spin ground states with axially steered admixture of the high‐spin state, S=3/2; 5/2. The nature of the electronic ground‐state as deduced from SQUID magnetometry, 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy in the solid, and 1H NMR and EPR spectroscopies in (frozen) solutions was discussed in the light of the solid‐state structures, which were obtained from single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. A DFT‐based protocol was established to quantify the axial field effects and, by including relevant [N4] systems, predict the differential equatorial ligand field components.
A Geometric Analysis of Masonry Sail Vaults at the Magistral Palace, Valletta, for the Study of Maltese Stereotomy
Authors: Antista Armando , Morena Sara , Mifsud Christian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe research deals with an interesting interdisciplinary case study for the knowledge and dissemination of masonry sail vaults in Malta between the 16th and the 17th centuries. In particular, it focuses on the sail vaults of the Magistral Palace, which have a distinctive structure. Based on a digital survey, the necessary data was extrapolated to critically analyse the geometry, through drawing and three-dimensional modelling. The paper, therefore, presents graphical and geometric investigations, which complement the study of the history of the Magistral Palace. Comparisons with the Maltese architectural context between the 16th and 17th centuries show the use of different solutions for the construction of sail vaults, according to different geometries. This implies knowledge of the international debate on the theory of stonecutting at the time.
Multilayered cork-STF composite structures enhanced with laser texturing for impact mitigation
Authors: Fernandes Telmo R.M. , Alves de Sousa Ricardo J. , Fernandes Fábio A.O. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCork and its composites have shown great potential to be employed in protective equipment, damping, and crashworthy systems. Their sustainability is far more positive than that of the solutions currently used. Recent advances in the development of cork composites with shear thickening fluids (STFs) have demonstrated promising results for impact mitigation, mainly focusing on layered structures. This study investigates disruptive configurations of cork-based multilayered structures strategically enhanced with shear-thickening fluid interfaces. In addition, laser texturing of the cork surface to enhance the STF interaction was also investigated. The samples were then subjected to low-energy impact tests with a hemispherical impactor. Additionally, samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) to investigate the interactions with STF and modifications caused by the interaction with the laser beam. Some of the explored configurations substantially reduced the impact force, achieving a maximum reduction of 19.7%, mainly benefiting from the STF incorporation between cork layers and enhanced with laser texturing.
Examining functional group-dependent effects on the ionization of lignin monomers using supercritical fluid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Prothmann Jens , Molins-Delgado Daniel , Braune Alexander , Sandahl Margareta , Turner Charlotta , Spégel Peter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe chemical and biological conversion of biomass-derived lignin is a promising pathway for producing valuable low molecular weight aromatic chemicals, such as vanillin or guaiacol, known as lignin monomers (LMs). Various methods employing chromatography and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI–MS) have been developed for LM analysis, but the impact of LM chemical properties on analytical performance remains unclear. This study systematically optimized ESI efficiency for 24 selected LMs, categorized by functionality. Fractional factorial designs were employed for each LM to assess ESI parameter effects on ionization efficiency using ultra-high-performance supercritical fluid chromatography/ESI–MS (UHPSFC/ESI–MS). Molecular descriptors were also investigated to explain variations in ESI parameter responses and chromatographic retention among the LMs. Structural differences among LMs led to complex optimal ESI settings. Notably, LMs with two methoxy groups benefited from higher gas and sheath gas temperatures, likely due to their lower log P and higher desolvation energy requirements. Similarly, vinyl acids and ketones showed advantages at elevated gas temperatures. The retention in UHPSFC using a diol stationary phase was correlated with the number of hydrogen bond donors. In summary, this study elucidates structural features influencing chromatographic retention and ESI efficiency in LMs. The findings can aid in developing analytical methods for specific technical lignins. However, the absence of an adequate number of LM standards limits the prediction of LM structures solely based on ESI performance data.
Graphical Abstract
Prediction of lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer based on combination of body composition and vascular invasion
Authors: Zhou Shizhen , Yuan Qinggang , Liu Lixiang , Wang Kai , Miao Ji , Wang Hao , Ding Chao , Guan Wenxian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Lymph node metastasis (LNM) in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is not only associated with the tumor’s local pathological characteristics but also with systemic factors. This study aims to assess the feasibility of using body composition and pathological features to predict LNM in early stage colorectal cancer (eCRC) patients.

Methods
A total of 192 patients with T1 CRC who underwent CT scans and surgical resection were retrospectively included in the study. The cross-sectional areas of skeletal muscle, subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat at the L3 vertebral body level in CT scans were measured using Image J software. Logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify the risk factors for LNM. The predictive accuracy and discriminative ability of the indicators were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Delong test was applied to compare area under different ROC curves.

Results
LNM was observed in 32 out of 192 (16.7%) patients with eCRC. Multivariate analysis revealed that the ratio of skeletal muscle area to visceral fat area (SMA/VFA) (OR = 0.021, p = 0.007) and pathological indicators of vascular invasion (OR = 4.074, p = 0.020) were independent risk factors for LNM in eCRC patients. The AUROC for SMA/VFA was determined to be 0.740 (p < 0.001), while for vascular invasion, it was 0.641 (p = 0.012). Integrating both factors into a proposed predictive model resulted in an AUROC of 0.789 (p < 0.001), indicating a substantial improvement in predictive performance compared to relying on a single pathological indicator.

Conclusion
The combination of the SMA/VFA ratio and vascular invasion provides better prediction of LNM in eCRC.