bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Deviations, Labelling and Normality
Authors: Skopalová Jitka 
Published: December 2010

Social Deviations, Labelling and Normality
This paper discusses the issues of labelling, normality and social deviation. I focus on the sociological and socio-psychological aspects of these topics in light of their importance for pedagogy. Labelling mainly concerns the ways in which the formal and constitutive institutions of social control, including schools, respond to behaviour. Mainly children and young people are "marked" or labelled according to both their existing and presumed patterns of deviant behaviour.
School, as a social institution, expects its students to be normal. It has the power to define normality and, moreover, a network of social control to achieve it. However, from the perspective of the school it is very important not to prematurely label pupils negatively during the selection process. On the contrary, school should enable as many pupils as possible to contribute successfully towards the requirements of a knowledge society. Research indicates that there is a correlation between a child's school performance and the perceptions and expectations held by the teacher. Recent studies, concerning for example violence at school, have shown how strongly the aggressive behaviour of pupils is connected to the teacher's behaviour.
The theory of labelling is concerned with the fundamental question of why some individuals and groups are branded as deviating from norms more often than others. Stigma is a relative phenomenon; it is the result of successful labelling, delivering a punitive and disapproving response. In order to better understand labelling, the concepts of social norms and social deviance also require clarification.
Orobanche Pancicii Beck, a New Species to the Flora of Slovenia
Authors: Dakskobler Igor , Vreš Branko , Pusch Jürgen 
Published: December 2010

Orobanche PanciciiBeck, a New Species to the Flora of SloveniaWe describe localities and sites ofOrobanche pancicii, a new species of the Slovenian flora. It was recorded in the subalpine belt (1500 to 2000 m a.s.l.) on forest edges, clearings and on stony grasslands in the Julian Alps and the eastern Karavanke mountains, on the hostsKnautia drymeia, K. longifoliaandScabiosa lucida.
Ordered mesoporous silicates as matrices for controlled release of drugs
Authors: Ukmar Tina , Planinšek Odon 
Published: December 2010

Ordered mesoporous silicates as matrices for controlled release of drugs
Interest in and thereby also development of ordered mesoporous silicates as drug delivery devices have grown immensely over the past few years. On hand selected cases from the literature, the power of such systems as delivery devices has been established. Specifically, it is shown how it is possible to enhance the release kinetics of poorly soluble drugs by embedding them in mesoporous silicates. Further critical factors governing the structure and release of the model drug itraconazole incorporated in an SBA-15 matrix are briefly reviewed. The possibility of functionalizing the surface of mesoporous matrices also under harsher conditions offers a broad platform for the design of stimuli-responsive drug release, including pH responsive systems and systems which respond to the presence of specific ions, reducing agents, magnetic field or UV light, whose efficiency and biocompatibility has been established in vitro.
Development of High Technologies as an Indicator of Modern Industry in the Eu
Authors: Gierańczyk Wiesława 
Published: December 2010

Development of High Technologies as an Indicator of Modern Industry in the EuThe article tries to classify the EU states in terms of the advancement of structural changes in their industries on the basis of the increase in the share of advanced technologies in total industrial production, labour, added value, and surplus. In the times of the knowledge-based economy the ability to produce high-tech goods, the demand for which is growing much faster than for traditional goods, indicates the level of modernity of industry. The dynamic growth of the demand for knowledge-based high-tech goods results from the evolution of consumer habits, which are predominantly driven by educated and rich societies who demand that their sophisticated needs met. An important role in stimulating this demand is played by modern media as they instantly deliver information on the latest technical developments and are very efficient in transferring patterns of consumerism. The ability to adapt the structure of production to the needs of the market is crucial in defining a state's position in the international exchange of goods. This is due to the fact that the national technology is tightly interwoven with export abilities.
Role of Services in the Economies of Small Towns of Silesia Region and Wielkopolskie Voivodehip
Authors: Konecka-Szydłowska Barbara , Zuzańska-Żyśko Elżbieta , Szmytkie Robert 
Published: December 2010

Role of Services in the Economies of Small Towns of Silesia Region and Wielkopolskie Voivodehip
The main aim of the article is to determine the role of services in the economies of small towns of Silesia and Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) regions. It will be achieved through the following steps: (A) characteristic of the set of towns under study, (B) determination of the share of services in their economies, and (C) description of their level of service development. The analysis rests on two criteria employed at each stage of the research: (a) that of location, which embraces the voivodships: Dolnośląskie, Opolskie, Śląskie (Silesia region) and Wielkopolskie voivodship and (b) that of size, with three classes of small towns distinguished: up to 5 thousand, 5-10 thousand, and 10-20 thousand population.
New male pelecinid wasps (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae) from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning (China)
Authors: Feng Hua , Shih Chungkun , Ren Dong , Liu Chenxi 
Published: December 2010

New male pelecinid wasps (Hymenoptera: Pelecinidae) from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning (China)Two new genera and speciesAbropelecinus annulatusgen. et sp. nov. andAzygopelecinus clavatusgen. et sp. nov., placed in the subfamily Iscopininae of the family Pelecinidae, are described and illustrated.Sinopecinus viriosusZhang, Rasnitsyn & Zhang, 2002 are re-described. All these male specimens were collected from the Yixian Formation of Beipiao City, Liaoning Province, northeastern China. A key to the male species of the subfamily Iscopininae is given. In addition, sexual dimorphism in Pelecinidae and the paleoclimate of the Yixian Formation are briefly discussed.
Eoalpine (Cretaceous) very low- to low-grade metamorphism recorded on the illite-muscovite-rich fraction of metasediments from South Tisia (eastern Mt Papuk, Croatia)
Authors: Biševac Vanja , Balogh Kadosa , Balen Dražen , Tibljaš Darko 
Published: December 2010

Eoalpine (Cretaceous) very low- to low-grade metamorphism recorded on the illite-muscovite-rich fraction of metasediments from South Tisia (eastern Mt Papuk, Croatia)Eoalpine very low- to low-grade metamorphism related to Cretaceous orogenesis has been investigated in the Slavonian Mts, Croatia. Samples belonging to the Psunj metamorphic complex (PMC), the Radlovac metamorphic complex (RMC) and Permian-Triassic and Triassic sedimentary sequences (PTSS) were studied. The Kübler and Árkai indices of all the analysed samples indicate high-anchizonal to epizonal metamorphism. The degree of Eoalpine metamorphism tends to be constant in all samples implying that the different complexes passed through and recorded the same event. Measurements of illite-white K-micab0-parameter of the RMC samples imply transitional low- to medium-pressure character of the metamorphism. These data together with K-Ar ages (~100-80 Ma) measured on illite-white K-mica rich < 2 μm grain-size fractions point to Late Cretaceous very low- to low-grade regional metamorphism presumably related to the main nappe-forming compressional events in the Pannonian Basin and the Carpathians. The P-T-t (pressure-temperature-time) evolution of the studied area is in good agreement with similar scenarios in the surrounding areas of Tisia, but also in Eastern Alps, Carpathians and Pannonian Basin (ALCAPA).
Strike-slip reactivation of a Paleogene to Miocene fold and thrust belt along the central part of the Mid-Hungarian Shear Zone
Authors: Palotai Márton , Csontos László 
Published: December 2010

Strike-slip reactivation of a Paleogene to Miocene fold and thrust belt along the central part of the Mid-Hungarian Shear ZoneRecently shot 3D seismic data allowed for a detailed interpretation, aimed at the tectonic evolution of the central part of the Mid-Hungarian Shear Zone (MHZ). The MHZ acted as a NW vergent fold and thrust belt in the Late Oligocene. The intensity of shortening increased westwards, causing clockwise rotation of the western regions, relatively to the mildly deformed eastern areas. Blind thrusting and related folding in the MHZ continued in the Early Miocene. Thrusting and gentle folding in the MHZ partly continued in the earliest Pannonian, and was followed by sinistral movements in the whole MHZ, with maximal displacement along the Tóalmás zone. Late Pannonian inversion activated thrusts and generated transpressional movements along the Tóalmás zone.
Developing the Moral Integrity of College Sport through Commercialism
Authors: Schneider Robert 
Published: December 2010

Developing the Moral Integrity of College Sport through CommercialismDespite criticisms that commercialism corrupts college sports (Duderstadt, 2003, Roberts 2008, Zimbalist 2006), commercialism, if executed appropriately can strengthen and develop the moral integrity of sport. A utilitarian approach to the commercialization of sport can be used to strengthen its moral integrity. From a utilitarian standpoint, John Stuart Mill's greatest happiness principle and Jeremy Bentham's hedonic calculus can be used to help determine specific approaches to the commercialization of sport. The interests of the sporting community including sport participants, coaches, administrators, fans, and community members, must be considered when commercializing sport to a moral end. Thoroughly understanding a morally grounded mission in a sport organization is a prerequisite to the effective negotiation of terms of commercial agreements that mutually support the mission of the commercial entity and sport organization. The commercialization of sport includes but is not limited to television contracts, venue signage, licensing of merchandise, and corporate sponsorships. Identifying a professional "fit" between the sport organization and commercial entity is imperative. The use of common sense, and experience as outlined by Mill and Bentham (as cited in Beauchamp 1982) and understanding human nature as outlined by Hume (1739/1964) are useful when attempting to determine how particular commercialism efforts may consciously or subconsciously develop or reduce the moral integrity of sport. Beyond sport, the influences and risks of commercialism can be understood by observing its effect on non-sport organizations. Threats to the moral integrity of sport arise when entering into revenue generating commercial agreements. Sport's overreliance on revenue from a commercial entity is a factor that can potentially cause deviation from a sport organization's morally based mission. Excessive expansion and lavish funding of sport organizations can contribute to overreliance on revenue from commercial entities. Personal greed can also play a role in detracting from the moral integrity of the mission.
Sociological Approach on Sports Ethics in a Context of Social Change
Authors: Marivoet Salomé 
Published: December 2010

Sociological Approach on Sports Ethics in a Context of Social ChangeIn exploring sports ethics as a sociological phenomenon, I have tried to demonstrate how alterations in the nomos of the field of competitive practices (in the sense of Bourdieu), have unexpectedly unleashed a chain of events that have ultimately weakened the ethical principles of modern sport, imposing contradictions upon the way these are manifested in practice. Our theoretical approach to ethics was developed from the contribution of Durkheim, Weber and Elias.The universe of our study was the Portuguese reality during the Democratic state as a case study of the phenomenon. The information collected in our research has required different methods of analysis (qualitative and quantitative) and sources of data (official statistics, news from media, participate observation and interviews).Of the changes that took place in the last quarter of the 20th century in the Portuguese sports field, I have identified the inextricable interdependence of sporting, economic and symbolic dimensions as the main determining factor behind the victory-oriented approach to sporting action, which in turn has led to a radicalization of rival interests and an intensification of competition.As a result of this, there have been changes in the ethos of sporting interaction, weakening the principle of fair play and leading to an increase in practices that undermine it. This has meant that refereeing has become much more difficult, with increased distrust in the fairness of the competition, a situation which is aggravated by cases of corruption and doping. In this context, actors and organizations have become more involved in the ethical regulation of their sport in the Portuguese society. As a result, regulation has become more flexible and open to negotiation, both through institutional channels, and through strategies of pressure and persuasion in the (highly mediatized) public sphere. Thus, contingent solidarities have been strengthened to the detriment of organic solidarities.The growing distrust, together with the dynamics of surveillance and supervision launched in the 1990s, have also contributed to the activation of mechanical solidarities within groups with shared interests, in a context of opposition-confrontation or radicalization. This has been propitious to manifestations of collective violent revolt, and to the institution of forms of premeditated violence between some groups of ultra fans. Consequently, the undermining of ethical regularization has become even more visible, particularly in the field of top-level professional football.In response to the specific nature of the ethical conflicts in the sports figuration, states have intervened at national and European level by enshrining ethical principles in the form of legal provisions, defining systems of sanctions and penalties. This has resulted in a weakening of the autonomy enjoyed by sporting organizations, a principle that ultimately derived from the freedom of sporting associative movement in civil society.
Planar, spherical and ellipsoidal approximations of Poisson's integral in near zone
Authors: Goli M. , Najafi-Alamdari M. 
Published: December 2010

Planar, spherical and ellipsoidal approximations of Poisson's integral in near zonePlanar, spherical, and ellipsoidal approximations of Poisson's integral for downward continuation (DWC) of gravity anomalies are discussed in this study. The planar approximation of Poisson integral is assessed versus the spherical and ellipsoidal approximations by examining the outcomes of DWC and finally the geoidal heights. We present the analytical solution of Poisson's kernel in the point-mean discretization model that speed up computation time 500 times faster than spherical Poisson kernel while preserving a good numerical accuracy. The new formulas are very simple and stable even for regions with very low height. It is shown that the maximum differences between spherical and planar DWC as well as planar and ellipsoidal DWC are about 6 mm and 18 mm respectively in the geoidal heights for a rough mountainous area such as Iran.
Une version canadienne française du Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) : L'Échelle fonctionnelle des membres inférieurs (ÉFMI), partie I
Authors: René Frédéric , Casimiro Lynn , Tremblay Manon , Brosseau Lucie , Lefebvre Annabelle , Beaudouin Martine , Belliveau Véronik , Bergeron Louis-Philippe 
Published: December 2010

RÉSUMÉ Introduction : Le Rehabilitation Network of Ottawa-Carleton (RENOC) recommande à ses établissements de santé d'utiliser le Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS). Puisque le RENOC dessert une clientèle anglophone et francophone, il s'imposait de traduire le LEFS pour l'évaluation de la clientèle francophone. But : Produire une traduction canadienne-française du LEFS sous l'appellation proposée « Échelle fonctionnelle des membres inférieurs (ÉFMI) » et examiner la validité de son contenu. Méthodologie : Nous avons utilisé une approche modifiée de la méthodologie de validation transculturelle de questionnaires de Vallerand (1989). Une traduction renversée parallèle du LEFS a d'abord été complétée. Ensuite, un comité d'experts a examiné les deux versions préliminaires et a créé la première version expérimentale de l'ÉFMI. Cette version fut évaluée par un deuxième comité d'experts, dont les commentaires menèrent à une deuxième version expérimentale. Finalement, 35 professionnels de la réadaptation évaluèrent la version expérimentale de l'ÉFMI sur une échelle d'ambiguïté et proposèrent les modifications finales. Résultats : Pour les différents énoncés de la version finale de l'ÉFMI, les moyennes sur l'échelle d'ambiguïté démontrent un niveau d'ambiguïté relativement faible puisqu'elles varient entre 1 et 2.54. Conclusion : Les quatre étapes rigoureuses du processus ont permis de produire une version valide du LEFS en français.
Remise en jeu des représentations dans la rencontre thérapeutique
Authors: Calicis Florence 
Published: December 2010

Dans notre pratique de psychothérapeute, nous constatons combien notre manière d’être et nos représentations influencent nos patients, que nous le voulions ou non. Constat banal de seconde cybernétique mais qui reste toutefois un peu déroutant pour qui voit dans la thérapie un espace de liberté et de choix pour le(s) patient(s) ! Alors que faire de nos représentations ? Les clarifier pour soi, certainement ! Les proposer aux patients, pourquoi pas, mais comment et quand ? Si l’espace thérapeutique est mise en jeu de deux mondes, celui du thérapeute et celui du patient, du couple, de la famille, deux mondes curieux l’un de l’autre, les représentations des uns et des autres vont se confronter mutuellement afin de se flexibiliser et permettre une évolution de tous les protagonistes. Je tenterai de l’illustrer dans différents domaines de ma pratique de psychothérapeute.
L'encadrement parental : un concept méconnu plus que jamais actuel
Authors: Beytrison Philippe 
Published: December 2010

Dans les années 1970, la famille a été décrite par certains comme une structure aliénante pour l’individu ; il fallait donc qu’elle disparaisse. Quarante ans plus tard, force est de constater que la famille est toujours là, sous des formes de plus en plus variées. Les thérapeutes familiaux sont ainsi confrontés à de nouveaux défis, souvent malaisés à relever avec les modèles couramment utilisés jusqu’ici. Il est donc nécessaire d’adapter les pratiques thérapeutiques à l’évolution sociétale. Dans cet article, tout en tenant compte de cette évolution, nous postulons qu’à partir de l’invariant qu’est l’encadrement parental, le praticien peut co-construire avec ses patients un modèle spécifique à leur situation, qui respecte leur auto-organisation.
Antimicrobial organophilic montmorillonite nanoparticles: Screening and detection assay
Authors: Negi Harshita , Agarwal Tithi , Zaidi Mohd. Ghulan Haider , Kapri Anil , Goel Reeta 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe present study presents the development of a standard protocol for detection and screening of nanoparticle(s) for their antimicrobial activity with particular reference to organophilic montmorillonite (Ommt). For this purpose, Ommt nanoparticles have been synthesized through cation exchange of commercial montmorillonite (K10) with a cetyl pyridinium bromide. The formation of Ommt has been ascertained through UV–visible, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction spectra, and transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, “zone of inhibition” and “bacterial killing” assays were performed by incubating the four Gram‐negative test bacteria with Ommt, to determine antimicrobial activity and reduction in colony forming unit per mL (confirmative test), respectively. The developed assay will provide an easy approach over conventional disc diffusion antibiotic sensitivity test, to study the impact of different nanoparticles against different bacterial species.
Picoliter DNA sequencing chemistry on an electrowetting‐based digital microfluidic platform
Authors: Welch Erin R. Ferguson , Lin Yan‐You , Madison Andrew , Fair Richard B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe results of investigations into performing DNA sequencing chemistry on a picoliter‐scale electrowetting digital microfluidic platform are reported. Pyrosequencing utilizes pyrophosphate produced during nucleotide base addition to initiate a process ending with detection through a chemiluminescence reaction using firefly luciferase. The intensity of light produced during the reaction can be quantified to determine the number of bases added to the DNA strand. The logic‐based control and discrete fluid droplets of a digital microfluidic device lend themselves well to the pyrosequencing process. Bead‐bound DNA is magnetically held in a single location, and wash or reagent droplets added or split from it to circumvent product dilution. Here we discuss the dispensing, control, and magnetic manipulation of the paramagnetic beads used to hold target DNA. We also demonstrate and characterize the picoliter‐scale reaction of luciferase with adenosine triphosphate to represent the detection steps of pyrosequencing and all necessary alterations for working on this scale.
Structure and Function of [Fe]‐Hydrogenase and its Iron–Guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) Cofactor
Authors: Shima Seigo , Ermler Ulrich 
Published: December 2010

Abstract[Fe]‐hydrogenase functions in the methanogenic pathway of hydrogenotrophic methanogenic archaea. It catalyzes thereversible reduction of methenyltetrahydromethanopterin (methenyl‐H4MPT+) with H2 to methylene‐H4MPT and a proton by transferring a hydride ion to the proR position of the C14a carbon atom of methylene‐H4MPT. This third type of hydrogenase contains a unique iron–guanylylpyridinol (FeGP) cofactor, in which the iron atom is ligated by one cysteine sulfur atom, two CO groups, one solvent molecule, and an sp2‐hybridized nitrogen atom and an acyl carbon atom from the pyridinol ring. Three globular folding units of this protein form two clefts that serve as substrate‐binding and active sites and that can be open or closed. Structural data are presented for the apoenzyme in a closed form, the holoenzyme (enzyme with the FeGP cofactor), the C176A holoenzyme, and the binary C176A holoenzyme‐methylene‐H4MPT complex in an open form. A closed and potentially active binary complex has been reliably modeled on the basis of the open binary complex and the closed apoenzyme. In this model, the iron center sits near the Re face of the imidazolidine ring of the substrate. The iron ligation site trans to the acyl carbon atom is next to the C14a carbon atom and is therefore considered to be the H2 binding site.