bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nominations sought for VGP Award
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Nominations are being sought for the 1986 VGP Award, which will be presented at the 1986 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif. T h e award is given for a single outstanding contribution to volcanology, geochemistry, or petrology made during the preceding 5 yr. The contribution may be a single outstanding paper published in any journal ; a series of papers that, taken together, are an outstanding contribution; or any other contribution that the selection committee considers worthy.The award may be given to a maximum of five or a minimum of zero individuals in any calendar year. Multiple awards may be either shared awards or separate awards, as appropriate. Any member of the scientific community is eligible for the award. The selection committee is encouraged to seek out scientists whose work has not been recognized by the receipt of other awards, but this charge is not a restriction on the award.
ODP solicits Pacific research proposals
Authors: Buffer Richard 
Published: October 2011

The new Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) is now well underway, using the drillship JOIDES Resolution (SEDCO/BP 471). Eight legs have been drilled, and the results so far have been excellent.The National Science Foundation (NSF) is responsible for overseeing ODP and provides the U.S. contribution to the internationally funded program. In addition, NSF provides support for U.S. drilling‐related science activities. The total ODP U.S. science budget for FY 1986 is $6.8 million. Over 50% of this funding goes to support certain activities:

regional or topical planning workshops initiated by U.S. scientists,
attendance by U.S. scientists at Joint Oceanographic Institutions for Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES) panel meetings,
shipboard participation by U.S. scientists,
postcruise scientific studies related to publication of initial reports, and
the U.S. Science Advisory Committee.
AGU Authorship Policy
Authors: Zwickl Ron 
Published: October 2011

Over the last 2 decades the size and complexity of experiments have grown enormously in the area of space science, with the result that large teams of scientists are often formed to help design and build a given instrument. Simultaneously, a large number of research studies have evolved from the simple examination of one's own data to detailed studies involving multidisciplinary data sets. The end result is the publication of an incredible number of papers with a large number of coauthors.The central idea behind a given research topic usually orginates from one, two, or sometimes three people. Yet data from several different experiments are often required to bring the idea to fruition. This necessitates interaction with other scientists, whose contributions are often useful in strengthening and clarifying the theme of the paper. Thus the originators and the contributors have both played a part in the saga. Yet do both groups deserve equal billing? In the case of the cooriginators, they are often cast adrift among the sea of coauthors, where little credit is usually given. Is this a fair policy?
Mineral growth
Authors: Anderson Orson L. 
Published: October 2011

Mineral physics, like its sister disciplines geochemistry, petrology, and crystallography, is a derivative of the old discipline of mineralogy. At the turn of the century, mineralogy was one of the strongest pillars in the European University, but it was weakened by the loss of these branches, which declared their independence as they matured. One of the most important roots of solid state physics also branched off from 19th‐century mineralogy.Yet solid state physics, bound securely in the Physics Department, developed in a way that took it further and further from the interests of geological sciences. In the late 1960s, it became evident that a gap existed in laboratory and theoretical geophysics that was not filled by the then‐existing disciplines of solid state physics or mineralogy. To fill this gap, it was required that the principles of solid state physics be applied to minerals of especial interest to geophysics.
Some hazards and catastrophes: Recognition and mitigation
Authors: Smith Joseph V. 
Published: October 2011

Because some hazards to the human race embrace the technical competence of the American Geophysical Union, a Union session entitled “Some Hazards and Catastrophes: Recognition and Mitigation” will be held at the 1986 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md, Tuesday morning, May 20.Scientific study of natural hazards has already been shown to be valuable to society and indeed has already been the subject of many AGU sessions. However, most programs of hazard reduction have been underfunded and restricted to only a few parts of the world. It is time to examine all natural hazards in the widest possible context of public affairs and to determine how a bold international effort would benefit the human race.
Page charges for AGU journals
Authors: Holoviak Judy C. 
Published: October 2011

Income from publications supports the overall operations of AGU. In 1985, 81% of AGU's income came from publications, and only 63% of AGU's direct expenses were attributable to publishing and the management of the publications. The net of the publication‐derived income and expense supports educational and other programs that are essential to a scientific society but that produce no income.The second largest source of revenue for the Union is page charge income. In 1985, income from page charges was $1.9 million. The largest single source of revenue is institutional subscriptions, at $3.4 million in 1985. Figure 1 shows sources of revenue and expense in 1985.
Retrospective
Authors: Brooks David A. 
Published: October 2011

Charting a course toward an uncertain future is always a risky business, especially among shoals of fiscal restraint or national tragedy, and the prudent navigator is well advised to remember where he's been as he looks ahead. The ocean and space sciences are poised for grand joint adventures, but shrinking budgets and the lingering Challenger numbness are restrictive lee shores that must be considered when laying plans. To sharpen the focus on future choices, it may be helpful to glance in the geophysical rearview mirror and remember some of the challenges and opportunities of a different era.A quarter century is a long time, but many images from 25 years ago can still be recalled in crisp detail, like photographs in a scrapbook. In 1961, results from the International Geophysical Year (IGY) filled the pages of the Transactions of the American Geophysical Union, and the U.S. program of space exploration finally was underway with conviction. The Indian Ocean Expedition, conceived during the IGY, ushered in a new era of international oceanography. The TIROS III satellite beamed to earth fuzzy pictures of tropical storms and revealed the intricate writhings of the Gulf Stream. Forecasters and fluid dynamicists suddenly saw new horizons, and geophysical turbulence became a major topic at the IUGG Symposium in Marseilles, France. Papers with prescient themes were presented at the AGU Ocean Section meeting: June Pattullo (then at Oregon State College, Corvallis) on heat storage in the Pacific; Ferris Webster (then at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Mass.) on Gulf Stream meanders. Polar oceanography was well represented in AGU journals: Kenneth Hunkins (at what was then called the Lamont Geological Observatory, Palisades, N.Y.) described the Alpha Rise, discovered from a drifting Arctic ice island, and Edward Thiel (then at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis) and his co‐workers discussed open ocean tides, gravimetrically measured from Antarctic ice shelves.
Pacific Northwest election results
Authors: Qamar Anthony 
Published: October 2011

Six AGU members have been elected members of the Regional Committee of the AGU Pacific Northwest Region. Their terms are July 1, 1986, to June 30, 1988. The Regional Committee, which directs the activities of the branch, is composed of a representative of each of the AGU sections taking part in branch activities.Those elected are Robert M. Ellis, Tectonophysics Section; Stephen L. Gillett, Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Section; Tark S. Hamilton, Volcanology, Geochemistry, and Petrology Section; Renner B. Hofmann, Seismology Section; Charles W. Slaughter, Hydrology Section; and Richard E. Thomson, Ocean Sciences Section.
Weather satellite lost in launch accident
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

A $57.5‐million weather satellite was lost on May 3, 1986, when the unmanned Delta rocket that carried it went out of control 71 s after liftoff and was destroyed by command from the ground. It was the third consecutive launching failure for the U.S. space program, following the losses of the space shuttle Challenger in January and an Air Force Titan rocket in April.As Eos went to press, a team of officials from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and its contractors were meeting at the Kennedy Space Center (Cape Canaveral, Fla.) to review telemetry data from the launch. Two surges of current were found to have occurred in the electrical system of the rocket's main engine just prior to the engine's shutdown; it was this shutdown that caused the rocket to go out of control.
Science academies sign agreement
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) recently signed a new agreement for scientific cooperation with the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. The 2‐year agreement provides for a program for exchange of research scientists, a program of bilateral scientific workshops, exchange visits by members of both academies, and development of cooperative research activities in nonsensitive fields.Unlike previous agreements, this one calls for an emphasis on regular meetings of academy officers, invitational visits, and joint selection of participants and mutually beneficial scientific topics for workshops. The new agreement also gives provisions for suspension of “unproductive projects” and for formal evaluation of the program.
Land subsidence session
Authors: Holzer Thomas L. 
Published: October 2011

A session on land subsidence caused by withdrawal of groundwater was held December 10, 1985, in San Francisco, Calif., at the AGU Fall Meeting. The symposium was organized by William E. Strange (National Geodetic Survey, Rockville, Md.) and Thomas L. Holzer (U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Menlo Park, Calif.) and was cosponsored by the AGU Geodesy and Hydrology sections. Nine papers were presented on topics that ranged from evaluations of the suitability of the new satellite‐based Global Positioning System (GPS) to theoretical analyses of land subsidence.T. N. Narasimhan (Lawrence Berkeley Laboratories, Berkeley, Calif.) introduced the general subject of subsidence with a review of relevant physical processes. Compaction, although conceptually simple, involves several complexities, including plastic deformation and translation of deep‐seated deformation through the overburden. Sashi Mathur (Tarleton State University, Stephenville, Tex.), in a paper coauthored with M. Yavuz Corapcioglu (City College of New York, New York), analyzed deformation in the unsaturated zone above a falling water table. Their theoretical formulation was able to reproduce results from laboratory studies of sand columns.
NASA head sworn in
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

James C. Fletcher was sworn in on May 12, 1986, as administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). At a news conference after he was sworn in, Fletcher said that NASA would deal with both its technical problems and its procedural problems before the shuttle will fly again. According to press accounts, he stressed that funds should be made available to replace the Challenger orbiter, which was lost in an explosion on January 28.Fletcher, who had also headed the agency from 1971 to 1977, succeeds James M. Beggs, who was indicted in December 1985 for conspiring to defraud the federal government while serving as a senior executive at the General Dynamics Corporation.
Do we need a geoelectric index?
Authors: Holzworth R. , Volland H. 
Published: October 2011

We might put the question slightly differently: What scientific problems require knowledge of the global variability of lower atmospheric electric generators? In this paper, we present our view of the necessity of quantifying global electrical variability and discuss some potential uses of and available methods for producing a geoelectric index.During this last decade, we have observed an increasing interest in the field of atmospheric electricity. At the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif., there were seven half‐day sessions on various aspects of atmospheric electricity—a great increase over past years (see the abstract listings for the Atmospheric Sciences and SPR: Magnetospheric Physics sessions in Eos, November 12, 1985, pp. 815–842 and 1028–1055). This area of interest covers thunderstorm electrification, lightning, and sferics, as well as lightning‐induced magnetospheric effects and solar‐terrestrial electromagnetic coupling. For many aspects of these studies, it would be advantageous to have a number that is a measure of present global electrical activity, such as thunderstorm occurrence, number of lightning events, or ionospheric electric potential relative to the earth [see also Markson and Muir, 1980]. Furthermore, there are many other areas of research that would benefit from a geoelectric index, such as meteorology and atmospheric science.
New telephone numbers at MSFC and AFGL
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Telephone numbers for the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in Huntsville, Ala. and for the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory (AFGL) at Hanscomb Air Force Base, Mass., have recently been changed.The exchange at MSFC has changed from 453 to 544. For most extensions, the last four digits have also changed. The main switchboard can be reached by dialing 205‐544‐2121.
Syngenesis and Epigenesis in the Formation of Mineral Deposits
Authors: Taylor Bruce E. 
Published: October 2011

Colleagues, students, and friends of G. C. Amstutz (University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany) have contributed 54 papers on ore deposits and related phenomena, from the microscopic to the global scale, in honor of his 60th birthday. Most contributions are summaries of earlier work, but there are also some fresh data and ideas in several papers. The length and depth of the contributions are highly variable. The volume is subdivided into the following parts:

General Observations on Syngenesis and Epigenesis (13 papers)
Ores Associated With Clastic Sediments and Their Genetic Origin (12)
Ores Associated With Carbonate Rocks and Their Genetic Origin (19)
Ores Associated Directly With Magmatic Activity and Their Genetic Origin (10)
Explosive cyclogenesis program planned
Authors: Hadlock Ron 
Published: October 2011

A research program to study explosive cyclogenesis of Atlantic winter storms is being planned by the Office of Naval Research (ONR; Washington, D.C.) and a team of investigators from universities and other meteorological and oceanographic institutions. The goals of the Experiment on Rapidly Intensifying Cyclones in the Atlantic (ERICA) are

to develop an understanding of the fundamental physical processes in the atmosphere that lead to explosive cyclogenesis at sea,
to identify measurable precursors that can be used for accurate operational dynamical meteorological forecast model predictions, and
to determine the minimum set of these observations that is necessary for accurate forecasts of intense cyclogenesis at sea.
The multiyear program efforts, including numerical modeling research, will benefit from the related Genesis of Atlantic Lows Experiment (GALE) and Canadian Atlantic Storms Program (CASP) field measurement episodes, which were recently completed (January–March 1986). ERICA's phase of intensive measurements in the field is scheduled for January–March 1989 in the North Atlantic, centered at approximately 40°N and 60°W.
Upcoming hearing in Congress
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The following hearing has been tentatively scheduled by the Senate. The date and time should be verified with the subcommittee; all congressional and committee offices may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).July 24: Hearing on the Continental Scientific Drilling and Exploration Act (S. 1026), by the Natural Resources Development and Production Subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Room 366, Dirksen Senate Office Building, 10:00 A.M.
Forecasting improves for polar lows
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Thanks to a 3‐year research program recently concluded by the Norwegian Meteorological Institute in Oslo, Norwegian meteorologists are better able to forecast the intense low‐pressure phenomena that threaten the safety of the country's coastal areas during the winter season.During the course of the program, meteorologists developed and tested “objective forecasting methods,” as well as a numerical model suitable for small‐scale weather phenomena. They also improved the processing of satellite data, and gained experience with the observing systems used, according to a bulletin prepared by the institute. The monitoring and forecasting systems should improve as the observation network improves and as the mesoscale numerical model is refined, explained Arne Grammeltvedt, director of the institute.
Role of groundwater flow in geologic and geodynamic processes
Authors: Smith Leslie 
Published: October 2011

A symposium was organized at the 1986 AGU Spring Meeting in Baltimore, Md., May 19–22, to discuss the role of pore fluids in influencing a number of geologic and geodynamic processes. The symposium began with seven invited papers presented in an All‐Union Session. Two half‐day sessions sponsored by the Hydrology Section followed. The sessions were designed to provide a broad overview of the topic, with the hope that greater interaction might be stimulated between members of the Hydrology Section and those members in other sections of the Union.The dynamics of pore fluids are a crucial link in the coupling of hydrologic, thermal, mechanical, and geochemical processes that occur in the upper crust of the earth. These processes act on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales and at depths ranging from many kilometers to near the surface. Consequently, hydraulic properties such as permeability and compressibility can often be viewed as basic parameters in many geologic and geodynamic processes.
Earth rotation: Solved and unsolved problems
Authors: Cazenave A. , Paquet P. 
Published: October 2011

A workshop dedicated to earth rotation problems was held in Bonas, France, June 11–13, 1985. It was organized by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Scientific Affairs Division and the Council of Europe and was attended by 39 participants from eight different countries.In the last 10 years, extremely precise measurements of the earth's rotation parameters and new global geophysical data have become available, allowing major advances to be made in the understanding of the various irregularities affecting the earth's rotation. The aim of this workshop was to bring together scientists who have made important contributions in this field during the last decade, both at the observational and geophysical interpretation levels. The first session was dedicated to the definition, implementation, and maintenance of the terrestrial and celestial reference systems.
Adrian E. Gill 1937”1986
Authors: Clarke Allan J. 
Published: October 2011

On April 19, Adrian Gill, FRS, my former thesis advisor and distinguished friend, died suddenly of cancer. My sadness and disbelief are more strongly felt because the life of this gifted and generous man ended so early.Born in Melbourne, Australia, Adrian was granted his Ph.D. at Cambridge University, Cambridge, U.K., in 1963. After a year at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Cambridge, Mass.), he returned to Cambridge in Britain, where he spent most of the rest of his life. In 1984, he left Cambridge to become director and cofounder of the Hooke Institute in Oxford, U.K. During his career he enjoyed many summers working in the United States.
Evolution of the notion of time in hydrogeology
Authors: Narasimhan T. N. 
Published: October 2011

The AGU Hydrology Section sponsored a special session on History and Heritage of Hydrology between 8:30 A.M. and 12 noon on Monday, December 9, 1985, during the Fall Meeting at San Francisco. The session was chaired by T. N. Narasimhan of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (Berkeley, Calif.). The attendance of between 100 and 120 for each talk was indicative of a healthy interest among researchers on matters related to history.The first part of the session focused attention on the theme “The Evolution of the Notion of Time in Hydrogeology.” The last two speakers addressed topics outside of this theme. Simon Ince (University of Arizona, Tucson) presented a historical account of the contributions of 19th century French scientist Barre de Saint‐Venant to transient flow of water in open channels. Olaf H. Pfannkuch (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis) presented a historical account of the Cult of Saint Barbara and the mining profession of medieval Europe. The following summary is restricted to an overview of those presentations that dealt with the evolution of the notion of time in hydrogeology.
GPS systems to be demonstrated
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

Most of us think of the settings of scientific meetings in terms of darkened rooms with slide projectors, or arrays of bulletin boards and video screens with poster papers. One of the most visible sessions at the 1986 AGU Fall Meeting/ASLO Winter Meeting, however, will be a demonstration of the Global Positioning System (GPS) on the lawn and sidewalk area just across from the Civic Auditorium in San Francisco, Calif.Although the demonstration will begin in the wee hours of the morning on Tuesday, December 9 (rain date: Wednesday, December 10), the instruments—at least three different pairs of GPS instruments from different manufacturers—will remain set up for examination during the morning sessions that day. The observations will be reduced with microcomputer software packages in an informal session on Wednesday afternoon, and the results of the measurements and reductions will be presented as part of a poster session on the morning of Thursday, December 11.
NSF Award EPSCoR Grants
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Board, the policymaking body of the National Science Foundation (NSF), has approved the awarding of grants totalling $23.5 million to eight governmental jurisdictions to improve the quality of U.S. science and engineering research. The jurisdictions are Alabama, Kentucky, Nevada, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Puerto Rico, Vermont, and Wyoming. Grants will total between $2.5 and $3 million over 5 years for each jurisdiction.The grants are being made under NSF's Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR). The program is designed to improve the quality of science and engineering, to increase the number of scientists and engineers that are able to compete successfully for federal grants, and to improve the research environment in the participating jurisdictions and institutions.