bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Treatment for Basilar Artery Occlusion: Revisiting Evidence From Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Ghozy Sherief , El‐Qushayri Amr Ehab , Elfil Mohamed , Dicpinigaitis Alis J. , Amuluru Krishna , El‐Ghanem Mohammad , Gandhi Chirag D. , Al‐Mufti Fawaz 
Published: April 2024

Background
Acute ischemic stroke attributed to basilar artery occlusion is known to be associated with high rates of mortality and disability. However, the previous clinical trials did not provide evidence to support the efficacy of endovascular treatment (EVT) in patients with basilar artery occlusion. The purpose of this study was to provide updated evidence about EVT's benefits and safety profile with the recent update from both the Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion (ATTENTION) and the Basilar Artery Occlusion Chinese Endovascular Trial (BAOCHE) trials.

Methods
We searched for eligible articles from inception to November 1, 2022, in 5 databases and included all randomized controlled trials with no restrictions on the publication date or language. Meta‐analysis statistics were performed using R software version 4.2.1.

Results

The rate of modified Rankin scale score of 0 to 3 was significantly higher in the EVT group compared with best medical treatment (risk ratio [RR], 1.54 [95% CI, 1.16–2.04];
P
value = 0.002), and the same was observed for the rate of modified Rankin scale score 0 to 2 (RR, 1.83 [95% CI, 1.08–3.08];
P
value = 0.024). Moreover, there was a significant reduction in the 90‐day mortality in the EVT group (RR, 0.76 [95% CI, 0.65–0.89];
P
value = 0.002). However, there was a significantly higher rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage in the EVT group compared with best medical treatment (RR, 7.48 [95% CI, 2.27–24.61];
P
value <0.001).

Conclusions
EVT may confer a clinical benefit to patients with acute ischemic stroke caused by basilar artery occlusion. Because of the small number of included studies and because all of them were conducted in the Chinese population, further trials might be needed to confirm and further investigate the generalizability of these results.
HEMERA 1 Carboxy

HEM

oglobin oxyg

E

n delivery for

R

evascularization in

A

cute Stroke: A Prospective, Randomized Phase 1 Clinical Trial
Authors: Linfante Italo , Clark Wayne , Haussen Diogo C. , Hanel Ricardo , Reshi Rwoof , Dabus Guilherme , Jubin Ronald , Roshan Mona P. , Belnap Star , Nguyen Thanh N. , Grotta James , Wicks Robert , Cipolla Marilyn J. , Liebeskind David S. , Nogueira Raul G. 
Published: April 2024

Background
PP‐007 is a polyethylene glycol (PEG)ylated bovine carboxyhemoglobin gas transfer molecule with pleotropic cytoprotective effects, vasodilatation, plasma expansion, and optimization of oxygen delivery. Rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion models have demonstrated that PP‐007 increases blood flow in the collateral circulation and reduces final infarct volumes, supporting a potential role as neuroprotective agent in acute ischemic stroke. We aim to evaluate the safety and feasibility of PP‐007 as an adjunctive treatment to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion.

Methods
HEMERA‐1 (CarboxyHEMoglobin OxygEn delivery for Revascularization in Acute Stroke) was a multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled phase 1 clinical trial. Anterior circulation large vessel occlusion patients were assigned in a 3:1 ratio to receive either PP‐007 (320 mg/kg: 30 min bolus followed by 2‐h infusion) plus MT or MT alone within 24 hours after symptom onset. Comprehensive safety evaluation was performed by independent Data Monitoring Safety Board and Imaging Core Lab.

Results
From October 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022, a total of 17 patients were recruited. Age, baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score were 74.8±12.7 years, 17.3±4.2, and 7.9±1.8, respectively. Twelve patients were randomized to PP‐007 plus MT, 1 was randomized but not treated, 4 patients were randomized to MT alone. Recanalization of the occluded vessel was achieved in all patients. A transient systolic blood pressure increase (20–40 mm Hg) during the bolus was observed in all PP‐007 patients without any clinical consequences. There were no other safety concerns.

Conclusion
No significant safety concerns were identified for the adjunctive use of PP‐007 in patients undergoing MT. (The study was funded by Prolong Pharmaceuticals.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04677777.
Towards personalized precision functional mapping in infancy
Authors: Moore Lucille A. , Hermosillo Robert J. M. , Feczko Eric , Moser Julia , Koirala Sanju , Allen Madeleine C. , Buss Claudia , Conan Greg , Juliano Anthony C. , Marr Mollie , Miranda-Dominguez Oscar , Mooney Michael , Myers Michael , Rasmussen Jerod , Rogers Cynthia E. , Smyser Christopher D. , Snider Kathy , Sylvester Chad , Thomas Elina , Fair Damien A. , Graham Alice M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The precise network topology of functional brain systems is highly specific to individuals and undergoes dramatic changes during critical periods of development. Large amounts of high-quality resting state data are required to investigate these individual differences, but are difficult to obtain in early infancy. Using the template matching method, we generated a set of infant network templates to use as priors for individualized functional resting-state network mapping in two independent neonatal datasets with extended acquisition of resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) data. We show that template matching detects all major adult resting-state networks in individual infants and that the topology of these resting-state network maps is individual-specific. Interestingly, there was no plateau in within-subject network map similarity with up to 25 minutes of resting-state data, suggesting that the amount and/or quality of infant data required to achieve stable or high-precision network maps is higher than adults. These findings are a critical step towards personalized precision functional brain mapping in infants, which opens new avenues for clinical applicability of resting-state fMRI and potential for robust prediction of how early functional connectivity patterns relate to subsequent behavioral phenotypes and health outcomes.
Neural mechanisms of the relationship between aerobic fitness and working memory in older adults: An fNIRS study
Authors: Hyodo Kazuki , Dan Ippeita , Jindo Takashi , Niioka Kiyomitsu , Naganawa Sho , Mukoyama Ayako , Soya Hideaki , Arao Takashi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A growing number of studies have revealed that higher aerobic fitness is associated with better working memory (WM) performance in older adults. However, the underlying functional neural mechanisms of this association remain under debate. It has been reported that aging increases recruitment of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during cognitive tasks, and that this is associated with task performance in a compensatory manner. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the prefrontal activation pattern that is associated with the relationship between aerobic fitness and WM performance in older adults, focusing on age-related extended prefrontal recruitment. Forty-seven older adults (65–74 years, 29 females) and 49 younger adults (18–24 years, 23 female) performed verbal and spatial n-back tasks, which included 0-, 1-, and 2-back conditions. Reaction time (RT) and accuracy (ACC) were assessed as indices of task performance. Prefrontal activation during the experimental tasks was monitored using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and analyzed using an adaptive GLM method. We compared task performance and prefrontal activation between age groups to find age-related prefrontal activation patterns. Only older adults underwent a graded exercise test (GXT) to determine their ventilation thresholds (VT) as a measure of aerobic fitness, and, subsequently, the relationships among aerobic fitness, n-back task performance, and prefrontal activation in older adults were examined using correlation analysis and mediation analysis controlling for possible covariates. A comparison of task performance between groups revealed that older adults had slower RT and lower ACC than did younger adults, especially in the higher WM load 2-back condition. Group comparisons of prefrontal activation showed that older adults exhibited additional or greater activation than younger adults mainly in the ventrolateral PFC (VLPFC) and front polar area (FPA) in both the verbal and spatial 2-back conditions. Correlation analysis showed a relationship between higher VT, shorter RT for the verbal 2-back condition, and greater prefrontal activation of the bilateral FPA and right VLPFC during verbal 2-back conditions in older adults. In addition, mediation analyses indicated the possibility of a mediation effect of the prefrontal activation on the relationship between VT and RT for the verbal 2-back condition. These results suggest that older adults with higher aerobic fitness levels recruited more extended PFC regions, possibly for compensatory activation, to enhance their performance of the verbal n-back task. This study sheds light on the neural mechanisms underpinning the relationship between aerobic fitness and cognitive function in older adults.
Adaptive thermogenesis of the brown adipose tissue in Apodemus chevrieri during cold acclimation
Authors: Gao Wen-rong , Zhu Wan-long 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
To investigate the effect of low temperature on body mass, thermogenic activity, and Uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) content of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in Chevrier’s field mouse (Apodemus chevrieri), 50 healthy adult mice with similar body mass were used in our experiment. They were divided into five groups of ten individuals as follows: a control group (0 d), where animals were maintained under 25 ± 1°C and a 12L:12D (light:dark, lights on 08:00) photoperiod; the other groups were maintained under 5 ± 1°C and a 12L:12D photoperiod for 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d, respectively. At the end of the experiment, the changes in body mass, resting metabolic rate (RMR), nonshivering thermogenesis (NST), BAT mass, mitochondrial protein (MP) content, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity, and UCP1 content were measured. The results showed that compared with the control group (0 d), the body mass of the cold acclimation groups decreased significantly. In contrast, RMR, NST, BAT mass, MP content, COX activity, and UCP1 content of the cold acclimation group increased significantly. After cold acclimation for 28 days, RMR increased by 89.4%, NST increased by 50.4%, BAT mass increased by 44.6%, and UCP1 content increased by 36.0%. The ratio of (NST − RMR)/RMR was 1.03 after seven days and then dropped to 0.59 on day 21, and remained at a steady level thereafter. Evidently, NST was significantly positively correlated with BAT mass and UCP1 content. The results indicated that under continuous cold exposure, A. chevrieri could take appropriate measures to reduce body mass, increase RMR, induce BAT tissue proliferation, and unregulated UCP1 expression, thereby enhancing BAT thermogenic activity to cope with a low-temperature environment. In the early stage of cold acclimation, NST was dominant in thermogenesis, but as time continued, it reduced. This may represent a unique energy adaptation strategy of small rodents originating from the north and spreading southward toward the Hengduan Mountain regions.
A Brief History of the Development of Modern Psychological Astrology
Authors: Kanász Nikolett 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this article, we aim to provide a summary of the development of modern psychological astrology over the past century in terms of its esoteric and scientific historical antecedents, highlighting the contributions of the Theosophists on the one hand and C.G. Jung on the other, while discussing not only the complex interrelationships between the two but also other important authors and relevant historical aspects. By tracing the links between psychology and Western esotericism we also try to illustrate that, although being apparently two very separate fields, they are connected in several ways, both because of the similar questions they pose, because of certain historical processes that have influenced them, and because of the common subject matter they address—the human mind or soul.
The benefits and harms of community treatment orders for people diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses: A rapid umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: Kisely Steve , Zirnsak Tessa , Corderoy Amy , Ryan Christopher James , Brophy Lisa 
Published: April 2024

Aims: Community treatment orders have been introduced in many jurisdictions with increasing use over time. We conducted a rapid umbrella review to synthesise the quantitative and qualitative evidence from systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of their potential harms and benefits. Methods: A systematic search of Medline, PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO for relevant systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses. Where available, participants on community treatment orders were compared with controls receiving voluntary psychiatric treatment. This review is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023398767) and the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/zeq35 ). Results: In all, 17 publications from 14 studies met the inclusion criteria. Quantitative synthesis of data from different systematic reviews was not possible. There were mixed findings on the effects of community treatment orders on health service use, and clinical, psychosocial or forensic outcomes. Whereas uncontrolled evidence suggested benefits, results were more equivocal from controlled studies and randomised controlled trials showed no effect. Any changes in health service use took several years to become apparent. There was evidence that better targeting of community treatment order use led to improved outcomes. Although there were other benefits, such as in mortality, findings were mostly rated as suggestive using predetermined and standardised criteria. Qualitative findings suggested that family members and clinicians were generally positive about the effect of community treatment orders but those subjected to them were more ambivalent. Any possible harms were under-researched, particularly in quantitative designs. Conclusions: The evidence for the benefits of community treatment orders remains inconclusive. At the very least, use should be better targeted to people most likely to benefit. More quantitative research on harms is indicated.
An Evaluation of Controversial Statements in Etica Teologica Della Vita
Authors: Šeman Elvis I. , Mathieson Eamonn M. , Villa Umberto P. , Little Deirdre T. , Juanta Randy DLR , Corby Paschal , Fleming John I. , Brendan Purcell  
Published: April 2024

The teachings of the Catholic Church on human sexuality, contraception and the treatment of infertility are well established and clearly explained in many Church documents, including Humanae vitae and Familiaris consortio. In 2022, a book was published in Italian which reported on a seminar organised by an Academy of the Catholic Church about the ethics of life. Titled the Theological Ethics of Life (abbreviated ‘ETV’ in Italian), the conclusion of chapter VII contains statements about contraception and assisted reproductive technologies (ART) which, though somewhat difficult to interpret, appear to be controversial with regard to accepted Church teaching on these subjects. This paper presents a detailed analysis by a group of Australian Catholic doctors and ethicists of an English translation of paragraphs 172 and 173 of ETV and concludes that they contain statements which deviate from and contradict accepted Catholic teaching on contraception and ART. The authors also claim that a thorough up-to-date knowledge and understanding of suitable current alternatives to contraception and ART (e.g. in-vitro fertilization, IVF) which are safe, effective, readily accessible and consistent with Catholic ethics appears to be lacking in paragraphs 172 and 173 of ETV. The authors suggest a better understanding of currently available methods to assist with fertility care, aided by input from Catholic medical experts working in the areas of Fertility Awareness Methods (FAMs) and Restorative Reproductive Medicine (RRM) would better inform ongoing debates about contraception and ART within the Church and be of service to the Faithful who should be encouraged to pursue these alternatives which are both effective and consistent with Church teaching on human sexuality and morals.
RCT-based Social Return on Investment (SROI) of a Home Exercise Program for People With Early Dementia Comparing In-Person and Blended Delivery Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Doungsong Kodchawan , Hartfiel Ned , Gladman John , Harwood Rowan , Edwards Rhiannon Tudor 
Published: April 2024

Regular exercise and community engagement may slow the rate of function loss for people with dementia. However, the evidence is uncertain regarding the cost-effectiveness and social return on investment (SROI) of home exercise with community referral for people with dementia. This study aimed to compare the social value generated from the in-person PrAISED program delivered before March 2020 with a blended PrAISED program delivered after March 2020. SROI methodology compared in-person and blended delivery formats of a home exercise program. Stakeholders were identified, a logic model was developed, outcomes were evidenced and valued, costs were calculated, and SROI ratios were estimated. Five relevant and material outcomes were identified: 3 outcomes for patient participants (fear of falling, health-related quality of life, and social connection); 1 outcome for carer participants (carer strain), and 1 outcome for the National Health Service (NHS) (health service resource use). Data were collected at baseline and at 12-month follow-up. The in-person PrAISED program generated SROI ratios ranging from £0.58 to £2.33 for every £1 invested. In-person PrAISED patient participants gained social value from improved health-related quality of life, social connection, and less fear of falling. In-person PrAISED carer participants acquired social value from less carer strain. The NHS gained benefit from less health care service resource use. However, the blended PrAISED program generated lower SROI ratios ranging from a negative ratio to £0.08:£1. Compared with the blended program, the PrAISED in-person program generated higher SROI ratios for people with early dementia. An in-person PrAISED intervention with community referral is likely to provide better value for money than a blended one with limited community referral, despite the greater costs of the former. Trial registration: ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN15320670.
Safety and efficacy of transvenous embolization of cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistula in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension
Authors: Cagnazzo Federico , Ducros Anne , Risi Gaetano , Charif Mahmoud , Corti Lucas , Rapido Francesca , Le Bars Emmanuelle , Lonjon Nicolas , Costalat Vincent 
Published: April 2024

Background Transvenous embolization is a recent treatment strategy for cerebrospinal fluid-venous fistulas (CSFVF), which are associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). Methods Participants were selected from a prospective database on patients with CSFVF that received transvenous Onyx embolization. All patients underwent a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after embolization with MRI follow-up performed at least 3 months after treatment. Clinical and MRI results after treatment were described. Results Twenty-one consecutive patients (median age 63 years, IQR = 58–71; females: 15/21 = 71.5%) with 30 CSFVF were included. Most lesions were situated between T9 and L1 (19/30 = 63%), 70% were right-sided, and 38% of the patients had multiples fistulas. Embolization was successful in all cases. The mean MRI SIH score before and after treatment was 6 (±2.5) and 1.4 (±1.6), respectively ( p < 0.0001). Twenty patients (90%) experienced improvement of their initial condition, of which 67% reported complete clinical recovery. The mean HIT-6 score decreased from 67 (±15) to 38 (±9) ( p < 0.0001), the mean amount of monthly headache days from 23.5 (±10) and 3.2 (±6.6) ( p < 0.0001), the visual assessment scale (VAS) for headache severity from 8 (±1.9) to 1.2 (±2) ( p < 0.0001), and the mean VAS for perception quality of life improved from 2.6 (±2.5) to 8.6 (±1.8) ( p < 0.0001). There were no major complications. The suspected rebound headache rate after treatment was 33%. Conclusion Transvenous embolization of CSFVF allowed high rates of clinical improvement with no morbidity related to the treatment.
The resolute Onyx in TIA management (ROTIA)
Authors: Hassan Ameer E , Shoman Ahmed M , Miller Samantha , Hagrass Abdulrahman Ibrahim , Desai Sohum , Saei Hamzah , Tekle Wondwossen G 
Published: April 2024

Background First-line treatment for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is medical management; however, interventional approaches are increasingly considered for refractory disease. The Resolute Onyx in TIA management (ROTIA) study is a post-market evaluation of the Resolute Onyx (R-Onyx) drug-eluting stent in the treatment of recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) due to refractory ICAD (off-label use). Methods This is a single-center, retrospective case series of consecutive patients who underwent angioplasty and stenting with R-Onyx for treatment of recurrent TIAs due to refractory ICAD from October 2019 to November 2022. Included patients were ages 22–80, had a baseline modified Rankin Scale of ≤2, and had recurrent TIAs attributed to intracranial artery stenosis >70% despite maximal medical therapy. Primary outcomes of interest were peri-procedural complications (TIA, stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, mortality) up to 72 h post-stenting and ischemic stroke up to 18 months post-stenting. Results Twenty patients (mean age 66.84 ± 14; 25% female; 80% Hispanic) were included. A total of 21 stents were successfully deployed with no peri-procedural complications. There were no recurrent ischemic events at 30 days post-stenting. At 18 months post-stenting, there were no ischemic events and no patient exhibited in-stent restenosis. Conclusion ROTIA demonstrates the feasibility of using the Resolute Onyx drug-eluting stent for the management of TIAs due to refractory ICAD, with high technical success and low peri-procedural complications. Limitations include the retrospective and single-center nature of this study. Future prospective, multi-center, randomized trials with extended observation periods are needed.