bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rheological Behavior and Structure of a Commercial Esterquat Surfactant Aqueous System
Authors: Calero N. , Alfaro M. C. , Lluch M. Á. , Berjano M. , Muñoz J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAqueous dispersions of a commercial esterquat‐type surfactant widely used in fabric softeners were rheologically characterized. While at 4 wt % esterquat concentration, a Newtonian response was observed; non‐Newtonian (Sisko) flow behavior and viscoelastic properties were found at 12 wt % and higher concentrations. The onset of nonlinear viscoelasticity in oscillatory shear provided interesting information on the strength of quiescent surfactant aggregates. Mechanical spectra corresponded to the plateau zone and the onset of the transition zone. The plateau modulus and the characteristic slopes of the relaxation spectra depended on the strength of the interactions among the aggregates. Start‐up at the inception of the shear experiments were carried out to obtain information on the time‐dependent shear behavior. Cryo‐SEM micrographs demonstrated the occurrence of a dispersion of vesicles embedded into a bilayer matrix.
Prevention of Contrast‐induced Nephropathy: A Single Center Randomized Study
Authors: Castini Diego , Lucreziotti Stefano , Bosotti Laura , Salerno Uriarte Diego , Sponzilli Carlo , Verzoni Alessandro , Lombardi Federico 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundContrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is the third cause of acute deterioration of renal function in hospitalized patients.HypothesisThe purpose of the study was to compare the efficacy of saline infusion, saline infusion plus N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), and sodium bicarbonate (SB) infusion to prevent CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography and/or percutaneous coronary intervention.MethodsWe prospectively studied 156 patients with a baseline creatinine level ≥ 1.2 mg/dL. The primary endpoint was the development of CIN, defined as an increase in serum creatinine concentration ≥ 25% over the baseline value within 5 days from contrast exposure.ResultsContrast‐induced nephropathy developed in 23 patients (14.7%). Incidence of the primary endpoint was similar in the 3 groups of treatment, occurring in 7 patients (14%) in the saline infusion group, in 9 (17%) in the saline infusion plus NAC group, and in 7 (14%) in the SB infusion group.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that neither the addition of NAC nor the administration of SB add further benefit in CIN prevention, compared to standard hydration with isotonic saline infusion. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Experienced Clinicians Improve Detection of Third and Fourth Heart Sounds by Viewing Acoustic Cardiography
Authors: Michaels Andrew D. , Khan Farman U. , Moyers Brian 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundClinical assessment of diastolic heart sounds is challenging.HypothesisWe sought to examine whether visual inspection of acoustic cardiographic tracings augments the accuracy of medical students' and physicians' detection of third and fourth heart sounds (S3, S4) compared to auscultation alone.MethodsA total of 90 adults referred for left heart catheterization underwent digital precordial heart sound recordings by computerized acoustic cardiography. Two blinded, experienced readers using a consensus method determined the presence of the S3/S4 on each file. There were 35 subjects from the following 5 groups participating in this study from 1 teaching institution: first‐year medical students (n = 5), fourth‐year medical students (n = 5), interns (n = 5), medicine residents (n = 5), cardiology fellows (n = 5), and attendings (n = 10). Using a computer module, each subject listened to the heart sounds alone and documented whether an S3/S4 was present. Next, subjects listened to each recording in random order while viewing phonocardiographic tracings, and recorded S3/S4 presence.ResultsAn S3 was present in 21 patients (23%) and an S4 in 31 patients (34%) by consensus overread in 90 recordings. Baseline accuracy for auscultation of S3/S4 did not change with level of experience. While viewing the acoustic cardiogram, first‐year medical students had minimal improvement in S3 (2%) and S4 (11%) accuracy. More experienced subjects improved S3 accuracy by 8% to 18% and S4 by 15% to 32% (P < .05). Accuracy was superior for S3 compared to S4 in all ausculatory groups.ConclusionsWhile listening to heart sound recordings, viewing acoustic cardiography increased subjects' accuracy in detecting diastolic heart sounds, particularly among more experienced subjects. There was greater improvement for S4 compared to S3 detection. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of proteasome inhibitor MG132, external radiation, and unlabeled antibody on the tumor uptake and biodistribution of 188Re‐labeled anti‐E6 C1P5 antibody in cervical cancer in mice
Authors: Phaeton Rébécca , Wang Xing Guo , Einstein Mark H. , Goldberg Gary L. , Casadevall Arturo , Dadachova Ekaterina 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is considered a necessary step for the development of cervical cancer, and >95% of all cervical cancers have detectable HPV sequences. The authors of this report recently demonstrated the efficacy of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) targeting viral oncoprotein E6 in the treatment of experimental cervical cancer. They hypothesized that the pretreatment of tumor cells with various agents that cause cell death and/or elevation of E6 levels would increase the accumulation of radiolabeled antibodies to E6 in cervical tumors.METHODS:HPV type 16 (HPV‐16)‐positive CasKi cells were treated in vitro with up to 6 grays of external radiation, or with the proteasome inhibitor MG‐132, or with unlabeled anti‐E6 antibody C1P5; and cell death was assessed. The biodistribution of 188Re‐labeled C1P5 antibody was determined in both control and radiation MG‐132‐treated CasKi tumor‐bearing nude mice.RESULTS:188Re‐C1P5 antibody demonstrated tumor specificity, very low uptake, and fast clearance from the major organs. The amount of tumor uptake was enhanced by MG‐132 but was unaffected by pretreatment with radiation. In addition, in vitro studies demonstrated an unanticipated effect of unlabeled antibody on the amount of cell death, a finding that was suggested by the authors' previous in vivo studies in a CasKi tumor model.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that pretreatment of cervical tumors with the proteasome inhibitor MG‐132 and with unlabeled antibody to E6 can serve as a means to generate nonviable cancer cells and to elevate the levels of target oncoproteins in the cells for increasing the accumulation of targeted radiolabeled antibodies in tumors. These results favor the further development of RIT for cervical cancers targeting viral antigens. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1067–74. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
177Lu‐[DOTA0,Tyr3] octreotate therapy in patients with disseminated neuroendocrine tumors: Analysis of dosimetry with impact on future therapeutic strategy
Authors: Garkavij Michael , Nickel Mattias , Sjögreen‐Gleisner Katarina , Ljungberg Michael , Ohlsson Tomas , Wingårdh Karin , Strand Sven‐Erik , Tennvall Jan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:177Lu‐(DOTA0,Tyr3) octreotate is a new treatment modality for disseminated neuroendocrine tumors. According to a consensus protocol, the calculated maximally tolerated absorbed dose to the kidney should not exceed 27 Gy. In commonly used dosimetry methods, planar imaging is used for determination of the residence time, whereas the kidney mass is determined from a computed tomography (CT) scan.METHODS:Three different quantification methods were used to evaluate the absorbed dose to the kidneys. The first method involved common planar activity imaging, and the absorbed dose was calculated using the medical internal radiation dose (MIRD) formalism, using CT scan‐based kidney masses. For this method, 2 region of interest locations for the background correction were investigated. The second method also included single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) data, which were used to scale the amplitude of the time‐activity curve obtained from planar images. The absorbed dose was calculated as in the planar method. The third method used quantitative SPECT images converted to absorbed dose rate images, where the median absorbed dose rate in the kidneys was calculated in a volume of interest defined over the renal cortex.RESULTS:For some patients, the results showed a large difference in calculated kidney‐absorbed doses, depending on the dosimetry method. The 2 SPECT‐based methods generally gave consistent values, although the calculations were based on different assumptions. Dosimetry using the baseline planar method gave higher absorbed doses in all patients. The values obtained from planar imaging with a background region of interest placed adjacent to the kidneys were more consistent with dosimetry also including SPECT. For the accumulated tumor absorbed dose, the first 2 of the 4 planned therapy cycles made the major contribution.CONCLUSIONS:The results suggested that patients evaluated according to the conventional planar‐based dosimetry method may have been undertreated compared with the other methods. Hematology and creatinine did not indicate any restriction for a more aggressive approach, which would be especially useful in patients with more aggressive tumors where there is not time for more protracted therapy. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1084–92. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Three methods assessing red marrow dosimetry in lymphoma patients treated with radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Ferrer Ludovic , Kraeber‐Bodéré Françoise , Bodet‐Milin Caroline , Rousseau Caroline , Gouill Stephen Le , Wegener William A. , Goldenberg David M. , Bardiès Manuel 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Maximum injected activity in radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is limited by bone marrow toxicity. Many dosimetric approaches have been proposed, leading to high variability in the results and elusive absorbed dose‐effect relations. This study presents the results of red marrow (RM) absorbed dose estimates performed with 3 methods.METHODS:Five patients received 2 co‐infusions of 90Y‐labeled (370 MBq/m2) and 111In‐ labeled (120 MBq) epratuzumab (1.5 mg/kg) 1 week apart. RM‐absorbed dose was estimated by 3 methodologies. The first approach (M1) used L2‐L4 lumbar vertebrae imaging. M2 and M3 methods used different red marrow to blood ratios (RMBLR) to assess RM‐absorbed dose. RMBLR was set to a fixed value of 0.36 in M2 or assessed according to each patient's hematocrit in M3.RESULTS:Median RM‐absorbed doses were 4.1 (2.9‐8.4), 2.3 (2.0‐2.7), and 2.3 (1.6‐2.5) mGy/MBq for M1, M2, and M3, respectively. No trend could be found between total RM‐absorbed dose and toxicity for M2 and M3. Conversely, M1 seemed to provide the best absorbed dose‐effect relation. The 4 patients with the highest RM‐absorbed doses exhibited grade 4 toxicity. The fifth patient, with the lowest RB absorbed dose, exhibited only a mild (grade 2) toxicity.CONCLUSIONS:Image‐based methodology (M1) seems to better predict hematological toxicity as compared with blood‐based methods. Only this method provides for bone marrow involvement. Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1093–100. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Improving the treatment of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma with antibody‐targeted radionuclides
Authors: Sharkey Robert M. , Karacay Habibe , Goldenberg David M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractRadioimmunotherapy of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma comprises a 90Y‐ or 131I‐labeled murine anti‐CD20 IgG, but both agents also include a substantial dose of unlabeled anti‐CD20 IgG given immediately before the radioconjugate to reduce its uptake in the spleen (primary normal B‐cell antigen sink); this extends its plasma half‐life and improves tumor visualization. Thus, these treatments combine an effective anti‐CD20 radioconjugate with an unconjugated anti‐CD20 antibody that is also therapeutically active, but the large anti‐CD20 IgG predose (∼900 mg) may diminish the tumor localization of the radioimmunoconjugate (eg, 10‐35 mg). We have examined alternative approaches that enhance radionuclide targeting and improve antitumor responses. One uses a 90Y‐labeled anti‐CD22 IgG (epratuzumab) combined with an antibody therapy regimen of a humanized anti‐CD20 IgG (veltuzumab). Pretargeted radionuclide therapy using a trivalent, humanized, recombinant bispecific anti‐CD20 antibody with a 90Y‐hapten‐peptide is another highly effective method that is also less toxic than directly radiolabeled IgG. Finally, all approaches benefit from the addition of a consolidation‐dosing regimen of the anti‐CD20 IgG antibody. This article reviews these various options and discusses how some fundamental changes could potentially enhance the response and duration from radionuclide‐targeted therapy Cancer 2010;116(4 suppl):1134–45. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Singlet Energy Dissipation in the Photosystem II Light‐Harvesting Complex Does Not Involve Energy Transfer to Carotenoids
Authors: Müller Marc G. , Lambrev Petar , Reus Michael , Wientjes Emilie , Croce Roberta , Holzwarth Alfred R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe energy dissipation mechanism in oligomers of the major light‐harvesting complex II (LHC II) from Arabidopsis thaliana mutants npq1 and npq2, zeaxanthin‐deficient and zeaxanthin‐enriched, respectively, has been studied by femtosecond transient absorption. The kinetics obtained at different excitation intensities are compared and the implications of singlet–singlet annihilation are discussed. Under conditions where annihilation is absent, the two types of LHC II oligomers show distributive biexponential (bimodal) kinetics with lifetimes of ≈5–20 ps and ≈200–400 ps having transient spectra typical for chlorophyll excited states. The data can be described kinetically by a two‐state compartment model involving only chlorophyll excited states. Evidence is provided that neither carotenoid excited nor carotenoid radical states are involved in the quenching mechanism at variance with earlier proposals. We propose instead that a chlorophyll–chlorophyll charge‐transfer state is formed in LHC II oligomers which is an intermediate in the quenching process. The relevance to non‐photochemical quenching in vivo is discussed.
How the epigenome contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders
Authors: Bredy Timothy W. , Sun Yi E. , Kobor Michael S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEpigenetics commonly refers to the developmental process by which cellular traits are established and inherited without a change in DNA sequence. These mechanisms of cellular memory also orchestrate gene expression in the adult brain and recent evidence suggests that the “epigenome” represents a critical interface between environmental signals, activation, repression and maintenance of genomic responses, and persistent behavior. We here review the current state of knowledge regarding the contribution of the epigenome toward the development of psychiatric disorders. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 331–342, 2010.
Development of role‐differentiated bimanual manipulation during the infant's first year
Authors: Kimmerle Marliese , Ferre Claudio L. , Kotwica Kathleen A. , Michel George F. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractRole‐differentiated bimanual manipulation (RDBM) is a complementary movement of both hands that requires differentiation between actions of the hands. Previous research showed that RDBM can be observed in infants as early as 7 months. However, RDBM could be considered a skill only when its frequency, duration, and use is appropriate for the type of manual task, and there is some evidence of intentionality in use. Twenty‐four normally developing infants were studied longitudinally at 7, 9, 11, and 13 months to assess the frequency and duration of five clearly different types of RDBM with three “single‐part” and three “two‐part” toys as they emerge during development. Also, the sequences of actions that lead to RDBM were examined for evidence of “intentionality.” The results show that although the each type of RDBM appears early in infancy, RDBM only begins to exhibit the characters of a skill by 13 months. Moreover, the type of toy influences not only the likelihood of eliciting role differentiation, but also the type of RDBM behavior and the organization of the sequence of actions that lead to RDBM. Some useful criteria for defining an infant sensorimotor skill are provided in discussion. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52:168–180, 2010
Night eating syndrome and weight loss outcome in obese patients
Authors: Grave Riccardo Dalle , Calugi Simona , Ruocco Antonella , Marchesini Giulio 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:The clinical significance of diagnosing the night eating syndrome (NES) in obese individuals has not been clearly demonstrated. We aimed to test the effect of NES on weight loss outcome in obesity.Method:In an observational case‐control study, we measured weight loss outcome in obese individuals with NES (32 cases) and 68 non‐NES matched participants entering a weight‐loss program. The diagnosis of NES was generated by a two‐stage assessment, including the Night Eating Questionnaire (screening test) and the Night Eating Syndrome History and Inventory. The program included a 21‐day inpatient treatment based on a low‐calorie diet, exercise, and psycho‐educational groups, followed by a 6‐month outpatient follow‐up. Body weight, metabolic parameters, and questionnaires of psychopathology were assessed at baseline, at the end of the inpatient period and at the end of follow‐up.Results:NES participants were only characterized by significantly higher scores of the Beck Depression Inventory and the Night Eating Questionnaire. The time course of weight loss did not differ between groups throughout the study period. Only eight NES participants were still classified as NES at study end.Discussion:The presence of NES does not affect weight loss outcome of an obesity treatment based on lifestyle modification. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The refeeding syndrome and glucose load
Authors: O'Connor Graeme , Goldin Jonathon 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:A 10‐year‐old girl with anorexia nervosa developed the refeeding syndrome following cautious reintroduction of nutrition, emphasizing that even with cautious refeeding a shift in fluid, glucose, and electrolytes can still occur, increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality in this ever growing vulnerable group.Method:Biochemical, nutritional, and anthropometrical monitoring in the patient, who followed a conservative refeeding program after a prolonged period of nutritional inadequacy.Results:The refeeding syndrome presented itself with hypophosphatemia, hypotension, and cardiac abnormalities whilst refeeding at 25 kcal/kg (600 kcal/day).Discussion:Comprises of a literature review, highlighting this case as the youngest reported case of refeeding syndrome in anorexia nervosa. Discussion focuses on the possible deleterious affects that carbohydrates may have in exacerbating the refeeding syndrome. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Factors associated with binge eating disorder in pregnancy
Authors: Knoph Berg Cecilie , Torgersen Leila , Von Holle Ann , Hamer Robert M. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Reichborn‐Kjennerud Ted 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:To identify factors associated with incidence and course of broadly defined binge eating disorder (BED) in pregnancy.Method:As a part of the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), 45,644 women completed a questionnaire at approximately 18 weeks of gestation.Results:Incidence of BED was significantly associated with lifetime sexual abuse, lifetime physical abuse, lifetime major depression, symptoms of anxiety and depression, low life satisfaction, low self‐esteem, low partner relationship satisfaction, smoking, alcohol use, lack of social support, and several weight‐related factors. Continuation was negatively associated with thoughts of being overweight before pregnancy. Remission was positively associated with thoughts of being overweight before pregnancy and negatively associated with overvaluation of weight.Discussion:Onset of BED in pregnancy was associated with psychological, social and weight‐related factors, as well as health behaviors and adverse life events. In women with prepregnancy BED, thoughts of being overweight before pregnancy and overvaluation of weight were associated with course of BED during pregnancy. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The proof of the pudding is in the eating: Is the DEBQ ‐ external eating scale a valid measure of external eating?
Authors: Jansen Anita , Nederkoorn Chantal , Roefs Anne , Bongers Peggy , Teugels Teresa , Havermans Remco 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:To test the construct validity and discriminative validity of the widely used Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire's (DEBQ) External Eating (EE) subscale.Method:After being exposed to food cues or not participants completed a bogus taste test. Subjective cue reactivity during food exposure and actual food intake after food exposure were measured.Results:EE scores were unrelated to food intake. A robust main effect of food cue exposure was found but contrary to what was predicted, low EE scorers ate more after food cue exposure than without whereas high EE scorers did not. The actual eating behavior of high and low scorers on the other DEBQ subscales ‐ emotional and restrained eating ‐ demonstrated that the EE also lacks discriminative validity.Discussion:The EE showed no predictive validity and no discriminative validity. The usefulness of the distinction of different types of concerned eaters is questioned. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Template‐Free Synthesis of Magnetic Chains Self‐Assembled from Urchin‐Like Hierarchical Ni Nanostructures
Authors: Zhu Lu‐Ping , Liao Gui‐Hong , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Yang Yang , Wang Ling‐Ling , Xie Hong‐Yong 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMagnetic chains self‐assembled from urchin‐like hierarchical Ni nanostructures have been successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method requiring 4 h at 115 °C without any template or surfactant. The individual urchin‐like hierarchical nanostructures have an average diameter of 2–4 μm and are composed of well‐aligned sword‐like nanopetals growing radially from the surfaces of the spherical particles. The products were characterized by means of X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy analysis (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetric analysis (TGA‐DSC). A rational formation mechanism of magnetic chains was proposed. Magnetic hysteresis measurements revealed that the as‐synthesized Ni chain‐like architectures display ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization, and coercivity values of 52.58 emu/g, 5.82 emu/g, and 211.67 Oe, respectively.
Mg‐Assisted Autoclave Synthesis of RB6 (R = Sm, Eu, Gd, and Tb) Submicron Cubes and SmB6 Submicron Rods
Authors: Zhang Maofeng , Jia Ying , Xu Guogen , Wang Pengfei , Wang Xiaoqing , Xiong Shenglin , Wang Xuanjun , Qian Yitai 
Published: February 2010

AbstractSubmicron crystalline rare‐earth hexaborides (RB6; R = Sm, Eu, Gd, and Tb) have been successfully prepared by a facile one‐step solid‐state reaction of RCl3·6H2O, B2O3, and Mg powder in an autoclave at the relatively low temperature of 500 °C. By controlling the reaction conditions, submicron‐sized cubes (RB6) and rod‐ and needlelike SmB6 are obtained. The possible growth mechanism of the 1D SmB6 structures has also been discussed. The XRD patterns of the products show that all of the hexaborides can be indexed to a cubic phase with high crystallinity and high purity. The field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and TEM images display their cube‐, rod‐, and needlelike morphologies. The selected‐area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns reveal the single‐crystalline nature of the products.