bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A physically motivated voltage hysteresis model for lithium-ion batteries using a probability distributed equivalent circuit
Authors: Jahn Leonard , Mößle Patrick , Röder Fridolin , Danzer Michael A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe open circuit voltage hysteresis of lithium-ion batteries is a phenomenon that, despite intensive research, is still not fully understood. However, it must be taken into account for accurate state-of-charge estimation in battery management systems. Mechanistic models of the open circuit voltage hysteresis previously published are not suitable for deployment in a battery management system. Phenomenological models on the other hand can only superficially represent the processes taking place. To address this limitation, we propose a probability distributed equivalent circuit model motivated by the physical insights into hysteresis. The model incorporates hysteresis effects that are often disregarded for state estimation, while keeping the computational cost low. Although the parameterization is more demanding, the model has the advantage of providing insight into the internal state of the battery and intrinsically incorporating the effect of path-dependent rate capability.
Structural basis for the bi-specificity of USP25 and USP28 inhibitors
Authors: Patzke Jonathan Vincent , Sauer Florian , Nair Radhika Karal , Endres Erik , Proschak Ewgenij , Hernandez-Olmos Victor , Sotriffer Christoph , Kisker Caroline 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of cancer therapeutics is often hindered by the fact that specific oncogenes cannot be directly pharmaceutically addressed. Targeting deubiquitylases that stabilize these oncogenes provides a promising alternative. USP28 and USP25 have been identified as such target deubiquitylases, and several small-molecule inhibitors indiscriminately inhibiting both enzymes have been developed. To obtain insights into their mode of inhibition, we structurally and functionally characterized USP28 in the presence of the three different inhibitors AZ1, Vismodegib and FT206. The compounds bind into a common pocket acting as a molecular sink. Our analysis provides an explanation why the two enzymes are inhibited with similar potency while other deubiquitylases are not affected. Furthermore, a key glutamate residue at position 366/373 in USP28/USP25 plays a central structural role for pocket stability and thereby for inhibition and activity. Obstructing the inhibitor-binding pocket by mutation of this glutamate may provide a tool to accelerate future drug development efforts for selective inhibitors of either USP28 or USP25 targeting distinct binding pockets.
A beamwidth and beam direction reconfigurable antenna based on multi‐mode parasitic coupling
Authors: Zhao Haoran , Yan Binyun , Sheng Weixing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA beamwidth (BW) and beam direction (BD) reconfigurable antenna based on multi‐mode parasitic coupling is proposed. Two pairs of metal strips connected by only two positive‐intrinsic‐negative diodes are added as parasitic structures over the driven element, a circular microstrip patch, constituting a simple antenna design. By controlling the diode switching state, four pattern reconfigurable modes can be realised. Two beam‐pointing deflection modes in the E‐plane are realised based on the Yagi–Uda principle. Besides, the BW reconfigurability is achieved due to a joint effect of the Yagi principle and beam‐stacking principle. All the reconfigurable modes share a 10% impedance bandwidth from 5.8 to 6.3 GHz. Simulation and measurement results show that the BW can be switched between 67° and 120° in an omni‐directional plane, and the BD can be switched between 0° and ±30° in the E‐plane.
Spectropolarimetric characterisation of exoplanet host stars in preparation of the Ariel mission
Authors: Bellotti S. , Evensberget D. , Vidotto A. A. , Lavail A. , Lüftinger T. , Hussain G. A. J. , Morin J. , Petit P. , Boro Saikia S. , Danielski C. , Micela G. 
Published: May 2024

Context. The accurate characterisation of the stellar magnetism of planetary host stars has been gaining momentum, especially in the context of transmission spectroscopy investigations of exoplanets. Indeed, the magnetic field regulates the amount of energetic radiation and stellar wind impinging on planets, as well as the presence of inhomogeneities on the stellar surface that hinder the precise extraction of the planetary atmospheric absorption signal.
Aims. We initiated a spectropolarimetric campaign to unveil the magnetic field properties of known exoplanet hosting stars included in the current list of potential Ariel targets. In this work, we focus on HD 63433, a young solar-like star hosting two sub-Neptunes and an Earth-sized planet. These exoplanets orbit within 0.15 au from the host star and have likely experienced different atmospheric evolutionary paths.
Methods. We analysed optical spectropolarimetric data collected with ESPaDOnS, HARPSpol, and Neo-Narval to compute the magnetic activity indices ($ \log R^\prime_{\rm HK} $
, Hα, and Ca II infrared triplet), measure the longitudinal magnetic field, and reconstruct the large-scale magnetic topology via Zeeman-Doppler imaging (ZDI). The magnetic field map was then employed to simulate the space environment in which the exoplanets orbit.
Results. The reconstructed stellar magnetic field has an average strength of 24 G and it features a complex topology with a dominant toroidal component, in agreement with other stars of a similar spectral type and age. Our simulations of the stellar environment locate 10% of the innermost planetary orbit inside the Alfvén surface and, thus, brief magnetic connections between the planet and the star can occur. The outer planets are outside the Alfvén surface and a bow shock between the stellar wind and the planetary magnetosphere could potentially form.
From eruption to post-flare rain: A 2.5D MHD model
Authors: Sen Samrat , Prasad Avijeet , Liakh Valeriia , Keppens Rony 
Published: May 2024

Context. Erupting magnetic flux ropes play an important role in producing solar flares, whereas fine-scale condensed coronal rain is often found in post-flare loops. However, the formation of the MFRs in the pre-flare stage and how this leads to coronal rain in a post-eruption magnetic loop is not fully understood.
Aims. We explore the formation and eruption of MFRs, followed by the appearance of coronal rain in the post-flare loops to understand the magnetic and thermodynamic properties of eruptive events and their multi-thermal aspects in the solar atmosphere.
Methods. We performed a resistive-magnetohydrodynamic simulation with the open-source code MPI-AMRVAC to explore the evolution of sheared magnetic arcades that can lead to flux rope eruptions. The system was in mechanical imbalance at the initial state and evolved self-consistently in a nonadiabatic atmosphere under the influence of radiative losses, thermal conduction, and background heating. We used an additional level of adaptive mesh refinement to achieve the smallest cell size of ≈32.7 km in each direction to reveal the fine structures in the system.
Results. The system achieves a semi-equilibrium state after a short transient evolution from its initial mechanically imbalanced condition. A series of erupting MFRs is formed due to spontaneous magnetic reconnection across current sheets that are created underneath the erupting flux ropes. A gradual development of thermal imbalance is noted at a loop top in the post-eruption phase, which leads to catastrophic cooling and to the formation of condensations. We obtain plasma blobs that fall down along the magnetic loop in the form of coronal rain. The dynamical and thermodynamic properties of these cool condensations agree well with observations of post-flare coronal rain.
Conclusions. Our simulation supports the development and eruption of multiple MFRs and the formation of coronal rain in post-flare loops. This is one of the key aspects required to reveal the mystery of coronal heating in the solar atmosphere.
Ups and downs in the X-ray emission of the colliding wind binaries HD 168112 and HD 167971
Authors: Rauw G. , Blomme R. , Nazé Y. , Volpi D. , Fernandez-Vera S. 
Published: May 2024

Context. The long-period O-star binary system HD 168112 and the triple O-star system HD 167971 are well-known sources of non-thermal radio emission that arises from a colliding wind interaction. The wind-wind collisions in these systems should result in phase-dependent X-ray emissions. The presence of a population of relativistic electrons in the wind interaction zone could affect the properties of the X-ray emission and make it deviate from the behaviour expected for adiabatic shocks.
Aims. We investigate the X-ray emission of these systems with the goals of quantifying the fraction of the X-ray flux arising from wind interactions and determining whether these emissions follow the predictions for adiabatic wind-wind collisions.
Methods. Six X-ray observations were collected with XMM-Newton. Three observations were scheduled around the most recent peri-astron passage of HD 168112. Spectra and light curves were analysed and compared with simple predictions of model calculations for X-ray emission from colliding wind systems.
Results. The X-ray emission of HD 168112 varies as the inverse of the orbital separation, as expected for an adiabatic wind interaction zone. The relative contribution of intrinsic X-ray emission from wind-embedded shocks varies between 38% at periastron to 81% at apastron. The wind-wind collision zone remains adiabatic even around periastron passage. The X-ray emission of HD 167971 displays variations on the orbital timescale of the inner eclipsing binary. The existing data of this system do not allow us to probe variations on the timescale of the outer orbit.
Conclusions. Shock modification due to the action of relativistic electrons does not seem to be efficiently operating in the HD 168112 system. In the existing observations, a significant part of the emission of HD 167971 must arise in the inner eclipsing binary. The origin of this emission is as yet unclear.
Wilson disease: the diagnostic challenge and treatment outcomes in a series of 262 cases
Authors: Deguti Marta Mitiko , Araujo Fabiana Cordeiro , Terrabuio Débora Raquel Benedita , Araujo Thiago Ferreira , Barbosa Egberto Reis , Porta Gilda , Cançado Eduardo Luiz Rachid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to organ toxicity due to copper overload. Early diagnosis is complicated by the rarity and diversity of manifestations.
Objective To describe the diagnostic features and response to treatment in our cohort of WD patients.
Methods This was a retrospective analysis of 262 WD patients stratified by clinical presentation, complementary exams, ATP7B genotyping, and response to treatment.
Results Symptoms occurred at an average age of 17.4 (7–49) years, and patients were followed up for an average of 9.6 (0–45) years. Patients presented mainly with hepatic (36.3%), neurologic (34.7%), and neuropsychiatric (8.3%) forms. Other presentations were hematologic, renal, or musculoskeletal, and 16.8% of the patients were asymptomatic. Kayser-Fleischer rings occurred in 78.3% of the patients, hypoceruloplasminemia in 98.3%, and elevated cupruria/24h in 73.0%, with an increase after D-penicillamine in 54.0%. Mutations of the ATP7B gene were detected in 84.4% of alleles. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormalities in the basal ganglia in 77.7% of patients. D-penicillamine was the first choice in 93.6% of the 245 patients, and 21.1% of these patients were switched due to adverse effects. The second-line therapies were zinc and trientine. The therapeutic response did not differ significantly between the drugs (p = 0.2). Nine patients underwent liver transplantation and 82 died.
Conclusion Wilson disease is diagnosed at a late stage, and therapeutic options are limited. In people under 40 years of age with compatible manifestations, WD could be considered earlier in the differential diagnosis. There is a need to include ATP7B genotyping and therapeutic alternatives in clinical practice.
Nutrition Requirements and Nutrition Intervention for People Living with HIV/AIDS (Adults)
Authors: Cheah Jin Khang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNutrition plays a crucial role in the overall health and well-being of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This review aims to provide a current summary of the macronutrient and micronutrient requirements for HIV-positive individuals. The author emphasizes the fundamentals of nutrition treatment as a guide for medical professionals to adopt the right strategy based on risk-adapted nutrition therapy. The majority of nutrition guidelines were published over 10 years ago and have failed to address the protein requirements for people with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Proper nutrition can reduce the risk of malnutrition, infections, and other complications, while also assisting with symptom management, maintaining a healthy weight, and improving immune function. In this review, the author has identified the latest reliable and validated nutrition screening tool specifically designed for people with HIV/AIDS, along with a risk-stratified nutrition therapy based on the screening tool to facilitate the nutrition care process. People living with HIV/AIDS have unique nutritional needs due to the virus's impact on the body's immune system, metabolism, and nutrient absorption. It is important for them to work with a healthcare professional, namely a dietitian, to assess nutrition risk and develop an individualized dietary intervention for a healthy lifestyle.
Performance of a cost-effective olfactory test to evaluate hyposmia in Parkinson's disease patients
Authors: Arruda Josevânia Fulgêncio de Lima , Silva Liene Duarte , Brisson Rodrigo Tavares , Micheli Gabriel de Castro , Lima Marco Antônio Sales Dantas de , Rosso Ana Lucia Zuma de , Fernandes Rita de Cássia Leite 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) causes motor and non-motor symptoms such as hyposmia, which is evaluated through olfactory tests in the clinical practice.
Objective To assess the feasibility of using the modified Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center (mCCCRC) olfactory test and to compare its performance with the Sniffin' Sticks-12 (SS-12, Burghart Messtechnik GmbH, Wedel, Germany) test.
Methods A transversal case-control study in which the patients were divided into the PD group (PDG) and the control group (CG). The cost and difficulty in handling substances to produce the mCCCRC test kits were evaluated. Sociodemographic characteristics, smoking habits, past coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections, self-perception of odor sense, and cognition through the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were also evaluated. The PDG was scored by part III of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS-III) and the Hoehn and Yahr Scale (H&Y) scale. Correlations were assessed through the Spearman rank correlation coefficient test (ρ, or rho).
Results The mCCCRC test was easily manufactured and handled at a cost ten times lower compared with the SS-12. The groups (PDG: n = 34; CG: n = 38) were similar in terms of age, sex, level of schooling, smoking habits, and history of COVID-19. The tests results showed moderate correlation (rho = 0.65; p < 0.0001). The CG presented better cognitive performance and scored better in both tests (p < 0.0001). There was a tendency for a negative correlation with age, but good correlation with the MoCA (p = 0.0029). The results of the PDG group showed no correlation with olfactory results and motor performance or disease duration. The self-perception of hyposmia was low in both groups.
Conclusion The mCCCRC is an easy-to-apply and inexpensive method that demonstrated a similar performance to that of the SS-12 in evaluating olfaction in PD patients and healthy controls.
Amish Infantile Epilepsy in an Indian Child
Authors: Chowdhry Ratnapriya , Kondekar Santosh , Shaikh Gulrej 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConsanguineous marriages in India continue to give rise to a wide spectrum of recessively inherited disorders that require a broader base of knowledge. A 2-year-old boy presented with global development delay, persistent vomiting, drug refractory seizures, deafness, and central hypotonia. He had profound bilateral hearing loss, barium swallow showed severe reflux but magnetic resonance imaging brain was normal, leading to a diagnostic dilemma. A normal electromyogram with nerve conduction velocity ruled out disorders of muscle and nerve. Whole-exome sequencing showed salt and pepper development regression syndrome but phenotypically, he did not have the classic skin changes. He has shown mild improvement in cognition, mobility, and weight gain with citicoline, antireflux medications, antiseizure medications, and a protein diet. Accurate diagnosis based on cohort of symptoms and appropriate early intervention can help improve the quality of life in such children.
The Role of Electroencephalography in the Prediction of Relapse of Febrile Convulsion in Patients Aged between 6 to 60 Months: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Amouzadeh Masoud Hassanvand , Mollamohammadi Mohsen , Razavi Mohammad Reza , Dianat Mojgan , Hamta Amir , Zamanian Hadi , Habibi Mohammad Amin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFebrile seizures (FS) are the most common type of seizure in pediatrics, and patients with FS can present with recurrent febrile seizures (RFS). Some clinical factors have been known to predict RFS, but there is no consensus regarding electroencephalography (EEG). We aimed to determine the ability of EEG to predict RFS. This prospective cohort study was done in children aged between 6 and 60 months. The EEG was performed on patients 2 weeks after the FS, and the patients were followed up for 6 months. Two hundred patients were enrolled. Recurrence of febrile convulsion occurred in 27% of the patients. A higher risk of recurrent seizures was seen in females compared with males (p = 0.04, hazard ratio [HR] = 1.83), children with a family history of seizure (p = 0.011, HR = 2), people with fever-to-seizure interval <1 hour (p = 0.009, HR = 6.1), as well as 1 to 24 hours interval between fever and seizure (p = 0.033, HR = 2.15), aEnd patients with abnormal EEG findings compared with normal EEG (p = 0.001, HR = 4.45). There was no significant relationship between RFS and other studied factors. This study showed the ability of EEG to predict RFS, and the results showed a higher likelihood of recurrence occurring in subjects with abnormal rather than normal EEG.
A Rare Case of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis-Type 1 (NCL-1) with Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets-Type 1 (VDDR-1), Complex 1 Mitochondrial Deficiency, and Mixed Variant—Checkerboard and Phylloid Type of Pigmentary Mosaicism
Authors: Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , K. Anusha Raj , Srinivasan Varunvenkat M. , Vamyanmane Dhananjaya K. , Srinivas Sahana M. , Chickabasaviah Yasha , Santhoshkumar Rashmi , Mittal Pallavi , Chikara Surendra K. , Vishwanathan Gurudatta Baraka 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis-type 1 (NCL-1) is a neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder. Vitamin D-dependent rickets type 1 (VDDR-1) is a rare cause of refractory rickets. Here, we report an unusual association of NCL-1 with VDDR-1.
Case A 3-year-old boy presented with a history of seizures from 45 days of life, delayed development, and loss of attained milestones at 20 months of age, along with progressive vision impairment since 1 year. Examination showed a failure to thrive, microcephaly, rachitic rosary, checkerboard and phylloid type of pigmentary mosaicism, fundus showed disc pallor with generalized narrowing of arterioles, bilateral retinitis pigmentosa, spasticity and dystonia, brisk reflexes, extensor plantar, and left choreoathetoid movements. Investigations showed hypocalcemia (7.8 mg/dL), normal phosphorus (3.9 mg/dL), elevated alkaline phosphatase (508.8 U/L), elevated parathyroid hormone (513.35 pg/mL), low 1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D (9.93 pg/mL), and normal renal function. The child had metabolic acidosis, elevated ammonia (403.9 micromol/L), lactate (95 mg/dL, normal range 4.5–19.8 mg/dL), and creatine phosphokinase (432 U/L) level, and normal tandem mass spectroscopy. X-ray wrist showed healing vitamin deficiency rickets. Abnormal electroencephalogram was suggestive of low voltage activity. Magnetic resonance imaging brain showed gross cerebral and cerebellar atrophy. A muscle biopsy showed scattered atrophic fibers and several ultrastructural granular osmiophilic deposits and some mitochondrial aggregates of varying size were observed. Mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme assay exhibited complex-1 deficiency (activity < 30%). Genetic analysis showed two pathogenic mutations: homozygous nonsynonymous variation c.674T > C in exon 7 of the PPT1 gene and a homozygous frameshift variation c.1178_1179delAA in exon 7 of CYP27B1 confirming the diagnosis of NCL-1 with VDDR-1. The child was treated with a low protein diet, levetiracetam, clonazepam, trihexyphenidyl, haloperidol, calcium supplement, calcitriol, and sodium benzoate; some improvement in clinical and biochemical parameters was noted on follow-up.
Conclusion This is a novel association of NCL-1 with VDDR-1 associated with complex-1 mitochondrial deficiency which has previously not been reported in the literature.
Validation of Suggested Formula for Depth of Insertion of Endotracheal Tube in Indian Children: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Theagrajan Annu , Sethuraman Raghuraman M. , Prabhu Manjunath 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to validate the recently suggested formula ([Age in years/2] + 10 cm) by us for depth of endotracheal tube (ETT) insertion in Indian children aged 2 to 10 years by comparing it with Cole's formula ([Age in years/2] + 12 cm). Only a few methods/formulae for depth of insertion of ETT in children have been described and validated, with no study for Indian children or other Asian ethnic populations.A total of 95 children were included. The tracheal length was calculated by adding the “black line to tube tip” distance (measured externally) with the “tube tip to carina” distance measured using a fiberoptic bronchoscope. The depth of ETT insertion based on Cole's formula and the suggested formula was calculated in each child with the head in the neutral position. The incidence and risk of endobronchial (EB) intubation, “at carina” placement of ETT, and ideal placement of ETT by both formulas were noted and interpreted.The ideal position of ETT varied significantly as per Cole's formula (p < 0.001). The incidence, risk of EB intubation, and “at carina” placement of ETT were significantly lower as per the suggested formula (p < 0.001).The suggested formula improves the possibility of ideal placement and decreases the incidence of EB placement when compared with Cole's formula.