bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students: Development and Preliminary Validity and Internal Consistency Reliability
Authors: Corcoran Sarah , Carter Amanda , Pasqualetto Emily , Greene Nancy , Rhett-Davis Theresa 
Published: February 2025

Importance: Belonging is a dynamic contextual construct valued within occupational therapy and connected with students’ academic success and career transitions. Although belonging has been measured in higher education, there is no specific tool to measure it in occupational therapy education.
Objective: To create the Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students (PBSOTS) and assess its validity and internal consistency reliability for measuring belonging among occupational therapy and occupational therapy assistant students.
Design: Scale development and preliminary psychometric study.
Setting: Academic programs.
Participants: The study took place in three phases from 2022 to 2023. Phases 1 and 2 involved occupational therapy experts in diversity, equity, inclusion, belonging, and assessment. Phase 3 included 162 students from accredited occupational therapy education programs in the United States.
Outcomes and Measures: Scale items were developed on the basis of the literature, expert interviews, and a student focus group and were revised based on calculated content validity index ratings (cutoff = .78) and expert feedback. Next, student data were analyzed for an exploratory factor analysis and to determine internal consistency reliability.
Results: Of an initial 24 items, 5 were removed, 5 were revised, and 1 was added, resulting in a 20-item scale with an α value of .92. Four factors had eigenvalues greater than Kaiser’s criteria of 1 and explained 61.13% of the variance.
Conclusions and Relevance: On the basis of preliminary validity and internal consistency reliability testing, the authors suggest further developing and researching the PBSOTS.
Plain-Language Summary: Belonging is valued within occupational therapy and is connected to students’ academic success and career transitions. However, there is no specific tool to measure belonging in occupational therapy education. This study used the Professional Belonging Scale for Occupational Therapy Students (PBSOTS), a self-assessment that was created by the authors to measure students’ sense of belonging in occupational therapy education programs. The authors recommend further developing and researching the PBSOTS so that the self-assessment can be used to inform occupational therapy education programs about students’ sense of belonging.
MAINTAINING A GOOD CHRISTIAN IMAGE WHILE SUPPRESSING SELF-INDULGENT GRATIFICATION
Authors: Azizah Farah Salma 
Published: February 2025

Dark comedy in animation series has been frequently utilised to explain or make a statement about serious subjects so that most adults could relate to them more quickly than children because adults are the target audience for this type of genre in the animation production world. Many times, the genre of dark comedy in one series covers serious subjects, such as death, famine, and even religious dogmatism in society. In Moral Orel (2005-2008), a satire on a religious issue is built upon how a character demonstrates a contradicting deviant behavior as a Christian man who struggles to maintain Christian altruistic values while at the same time represses his self-indulgent gratification. Applying textual analysis and Freud’s psychoanalytical approach, this paper concludes that the character Clay Puppington in Moral Orel (2005-2008) is used to show in a satirical way how one struggles to maintain Christian altruistic values while repressing self-indulgence gratification.
Statistical analysis of magnetopause response during substorm phases
Authors: Kumar Sanjay , Pulkkinen Tuija I. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. We investigate variations in the position of the magnetopause in response to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and different phases of magnetospheric substorms. The average location of the magnetopause is examined using magnetic field observations from multiple satellites (Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms, THEMIS; Radiation Belt Storm Probes, RBSP; and Magnetospheric Multiscale, MMS), and the Shue model utilizing OMNI solar wind data for a period of 5 years, from 2016–2020. We estimate the average position of the magnetopause using the Shue model through superposed epoch analysis of the standoff distance and tail flaring angle at different substorm timings (onset, peak, and end) and from in situ measurements through 2D equatorial maps of average BZ under IMF |BZ|>0 conditions. We found that southward IMF is associated with a greater number of substorms compared to northward IMF orientations. Our analysis highlights a very small movement of the magnetopause during substorm phases for both northward and southward IMF orientations (|BZ|>0). Notably, magnetopause experiences inward movement, reaching its closest point to the Earth, particularly during the substorm growth phase followed by a relaxation from the substorm peak to the recovery end. The empirical model provides an accurate estimation of the magnetopause location during periods of both northward and southward IMF |BZ|>0 as the model curve traverses a distinct location representing the magnetopause shown in the 2D average map of observed BZ.
Physically based modelling of glacier evolution under climate change in the tropical Andes
Authors: Mackay Jonathan D. , Barrand Nicholas E. , Hannah David M. , Potter Emily , Montoya Nilton , Buytaert Wouter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract. In recent years, opportunities have opened up to develop and validate glacier models in regions that have previously been infeasible due to observation and/or computational constraints thanks to the availability of globally capable glacier evolution modelling codes and spatially extensive geodetic validation data. The glaciers in the tropical Andes represent some of the least observed and modelled glaciers in the world, making their trajectories under climate change uncertain. Studies to date have typically adopted empirical models of the surface energy balance and ice flow to simulate glacier evolution under climate change, but these may miss important non-linearities in future glacier mass changes. We combine two globally capable modelling codes that provide a more physical representation of these processes:(i) the Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), which solves the full energy balance of snow and ice, and (ii) the Open Global Glacier Model (OGGM), which solves a flowline representation of the shallow-ice equation to simulate ice flow. JULES–OGGM is applied to over 500 tropical glaciers in the Vilcanota-Urubamba basin in Peru, home to more than 800 000 people that predominantly live in rural communities with low socioeconomic development and high vulnerability to climate change. The model is evaluated against available glaciological and geodetic mass balance observations to assess the potential for using the modelling workflow to simulate tropical glacier evolution over decadal timescales. We show that the JULES–OGGM model can be parameterized to capture decadal (2000–2018) mass changes in individual glaciers, but we also show that limitations in the JULES prognostic snow model prevent accurate replication of observed surface albedo fluctuations and mass changes across all glaciers simultaneously. Specifically, the model cannot replicate the feedbacks between the driving meteorology, surface energy balance, ablation processes, and snow darkening. Only by forcing the model with observed net radiation variables were we able to capture observed surface albedo dynamics. When driven with statistically downscaled climate change projections, the JULES–OGGM simulations indicate that, contrary to point-scale energy balance studies, sublimation plays a very minor role in glacier evolution at the basin scale and does not bring about significant non-linearities in the glacier response to climate warming. The ensemble mean simulation estimates that total glacier mass will decrease to 17 % and 6 % of that in 2000 by 2100 for Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 and RCP8.5, respectively, which is more conservative than estimates from some other global glacier models.
Impact of Autoclave Sterilization on Cyclic Fatigue of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Endodontic Instruments
Authors: Khudhur Sura Yaseen , Mohammed Hussein Ibtihal , Mohammed Abdul Kadhum Ola 
Published: February 2025

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of repeating sterilization in an autoclave on the cyclic fatigue resistance for three varieties of nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary endodontic systems in double curved simulated canal.
Materials and Methods: During this research, three distinct varieties of nickel-titanium rotary endodontic files with a tip diameter of 0.25 millimeters and a taper of 0.06 millimeters were utilized: ProDesign Logic system, E-Flex Edge, and Endostar E3 Azure. Each type of rotary endodontic instruments (n=24) was then randomly divided into three sub-groups: non-sterilized instruments, sterilized instruments after 3 autoclave cycles, and sterilized instruments after 5 autoclave cycles. All the files from the various subgroups were examined to determine their ability to resist cyclic fatigue. Additionally, the period for fractures, the total number of cycles until failure (NCF), and the resulting fracture fragment length for every instrument were determined. SPSS software 29 was utilized for statistical comparisons (P<0.05).
Results: There were no differences among sterilized as well as non-sterilized files (P>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in fractured length between tested groups.
Conclusions: The resistance to cyclic fatigue of NiTi rotary instruments was not considerably impacted by the repeated autoclave sterilization cycles.
Confirmation of the occurrence of Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Belgium, Luxembourg Province
Authors: Schaffner F. , Schneider A. , Debbaut R. , Van Bortel W. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The distribution and abundance of Phlebotomine sand flies north of the Alps is poorly known. In Belgium, Phlebotomus mascittii was reported only once in the early 2000s from two locations in the southeastern part of the country. During a VectorNet field survey in 2023, no sand flies were detected in the provinces of Liège, Luxembourg, and Namur. As an extension of this investigation, a brief survey was conducted in August 2024 across four localities in the province of Luxembourg, Belgium. Using 16 light trap-nights and one resting catch, a single male specimen of Ph. mascittii was captured in a light trap placed in a stable/house ruin at Beauregard, commune of Rouvroy. This finding confirms the presence of Ph. mascittii in Belgium, 22-23 years after its initial finding. This detection highlights the need for further investigation on sand fly occurrence in Belgium, to determine species diversity, distribution and abundance.
STUDI ETNOFARMASI PENGGUNAAN TUMBUHAN OBAT BERKHASIAT PENYEMBUH LUKA DI SUKU BADUY, LEBAK, BANTEN.
Authors: Susanti Kharisma Dewi Fadia , Peranginangin Jason Merari , Boedirahardja Partana 
Published: February 2025

Masyarakat Indonesia banyak menggunakan tumbuhan obat tradisional sebagai penyembuh luka, salah satunya masyarakat suku Baduy. Penggunaan tumbuhan obat di suku Baduy belum terinventarisasi dengan baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tumbuhan berkhasiat, cara meramu dan penggunaan tumbuhan sebagai penyembuh luka di suku Baduy.Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif, kuantitatif dan teknik snowball sampling dengan wawancara open-ended untuk mendapatkan data tumbuhan obat yang bermanfaat sebagai penyembuh luka. Data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan analisis bioprospektif untuk mencari nilai UV dan ICF.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan 5 tumbuhan sebagai penyembuh luka dari 16 informan. Tumbuhan yang paling banyak digunakan yaitu rumput jariji, mata ayam, Jarak jintir, pakis merak, pacing tawar. Jenis luka yang paling banyak dialami oleh suku Baduy yaitu luka golok, luka kering atau koreng, luka patah tulang, luka gigitan kalajengking, luka gigitan serangga. Cara meramu dan penggunaan pada beberapa tumbuhan dengan cara ditumbuk, dihaluskan, diborehkan, dioles atau ditempel langsung ke kulit. Nilai Use Value tertinggi yaitu rumput jariji dengan angka 1 sebagai penyembuh luka dan nilai Informant concensus factor yang paling tinggi atau yang paling sering dialami oleh suku Baduy didapatkan angka 0,66 yaitu luka akibat benda tajam.
Optimasi Carnauba Wax dan Paraffin Wax Pada Lipstik Ekstrak Umbi Bit (Beta vulgaris) Dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design
Authors: Sumule Arsiaty 
Published: February 2025

Sediaan dekoratif, seperti lipstik menjadi idaman para wanita. Pewarna yang digunakan dalam formula lipstik harus mematuhi standar keamanan, karena produk kosmetik ini diterapkan ke daerah mulut, yang bisa saja tertelan melalui makanan, minuman, atau air liur. Oleh karena itu, pewarna alami muncul menjadi alternatif yang aman dan minim efek samping. Melimpahnya umbi bit di Indonesia dapat menjadikannya sebagai pewarna alami potensial dalam formula kosmetik. Bentuk sediaan fisik lipstik juga perlu diperhatikan karena memegang peranan penting dalam karakteristik dan stabilitas sediaan. Sebab itu, diperlukan basis wax dalam formula lipstik. Optimasi formula dapat menentukan rasio bahan yang optimal tanpa proses trial and error, sehingga mengefisiensikan waktu, biaya, dan bahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi carnauba wax dan paraffin wax pada sifat fisik lipstik ekstrak umbi bit dan mengetahui formula lipstik ekstrak umbi bit yang optimum. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu eksperimental dengan membuat delapan formula lipstik variasi carnauba wax dan paraffin wax dan diuji sifat fisiknya meliputi organoleptis, nilai pH, daya lekat, dan titik leleh. Hasil dianalisis dengan software Design Expert 11.1.2.0 dengan metode simplex lattice design untuk mendapatkan formula optimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan formula optimum lipstik ekstrak umbi bit dengan kombinasi carnauba wax 10% dan paraffin wax 10% sehingga diperoleh nilai pH 6,509, daya lekat 98,667 detik, dan titik leleh 67,931oC. Kombinasi carnauba wax dan paraffin wax memberikan pengaruh pada sifat fisik, seperti nilai pH, daya lekat, dan titik leleh pada sediaan lipstik ekstrak umbi bit.
Atlantoaxial dislocation with vertebral artery anomaly: A case report
Authors: Tang Ruo-Hui , Yin Jin , Zhou Zhao-Wen 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Surgical intervention is a critical treatment approach for symptomatic atlantoaxial dislocation. However, vertebral artery injury remains a significant challenge during such procedures. We present a case of successful treatment of atlantoaxial dislocation with concurrent vertebral artery injury using interlaminar screw technology, and review the relevant literature.
CASE SUMMARY
A 69-year-old female patient, with no history of trauma, was diagnosed with atlantoaxial dislocation based on X-ray, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging. Preoperative CT angiography (CTA) revealed vertebral artery developmental anomalies, and she underwent posterior cervical surgery. Postoperative follow-up showed improvement in the patient’s clinical symptoms such as unstable walking and dizziness, as well as functional scores compared to pre-surgery. Intraoperative vertebral artery injury was successfully managed, and postoperative CTA review revealed no complications related to vascular damage.
CONCLUSION
Thorough preoperative evaluation, such as CTA imaging, and the surgeon’s expertise in various spinal screw placement techniques are crucial for improving the success rate of atlantoaxial dislocation surgeries.
To Fall at the Final Hurdle? Unpacking Experiences of Ophthalmology Trainees Undertaking Final Summative Examinations in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Jessup Belinda , Allen Penny , Kirschbaum Melissa , Khanal Santosh , Baker-Smith Victoria , Graham Barnabas , Barnett Tony 
Published: February 2025

Background: Trainees of specialist medical colleges commonly experience sub-optimal achievement on final summative examinations. Objective: To explore experiences of trainees sitting the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists Advanced Clinical Examination (RACE), and their supervising Fellows, to identify reasons for failure. Methods: Mixed methods study involving trainee post-RACE feedback surveys 2013-2021 (written n=317, clinical n=418), and semi-structured interviews with trainees (n=19) who sat RACE 2017-2021, and supervising ophthalmologists (n=10). Results: Four meta-themes were identified: 1) Examination difficulty: “Oh, I read that paper, it’s … so hard”, related to the perception that some examinations were disproportionally challenging; 2) Ambiguous questions: “I don’t know what you guys are asking me”, encompassed concerns about understanding the content and volume of information required; 3) Not fit for purpose: “The majority of competent general ophthalmologists, they would not pass”, captured perceptions that some examinations reflected subspecialty rather than generalist knowledge; and 4) Time pressure: “It is so time pressured”. Conclusion: Enhanced mechanisms are required to improve examination reliability, so as not to unfairly compromise the achievement of specific cohorts of trainees. Valid and defensible score adjustment processes are needed to account for variability in examination design and difficulty across semesters.
A recepção À paz perpétua de Kant: Friedrich Wilhelm von Schütz
Authors: Feldhaus Charles 
Published: February 2025

Este estudo pretende reconstruir as principais críticas de Friedrich Wilhelm v. Schütz em sua resenha Kommentar über Kants ewigen Frieden [Comentário sobre à paz perpétua de Kant] (1797) e examinar sua plausibilidade à luz do desenvolvimento histórico do ideal kantiano de uma ordem mundial pacífica, considerando, por exemplo, a hipótese de Jurgen Habermas, em obras como Ocidente dividido e A inclusão do outro, de que com a fundação das Organização das Nações Unidas o projeto de Kant deixou de ser algo restrito ao terreno das meras ideias e ganhou corpo na realidade. Schütz, em sua resenha, avalia o projeto kantiano em À paz perpétua (1795) partindo de um tipo de ceticismo pragmático, apontando que o projeto do opúsculo não era nenhuma novidade quando foi publicado e que, como todos tais projetos, deveria cair no esquecimento em muito pouco tempo. Além disso, Schütz analisa cada um dos artigos do opúsculo mostrando ou a ausência de novidade, ou o caráter contraproducente da proposta, querendo dizer com isso que tal proposta nunca poderia ganhar terreno no campo da realidade, com isso o resenhador parece retomar a questão de outro opúsculo de Kant, a relação entre teoria e prática. Enfim, se pretende situar a resenha de Schütz, reconstruir seus argumentos e esboçar algumas respostas às críticas contra o opúsculo de Kant.
Rachid Boudjedra : du labyrinthe souterrain au dédale scriptural
Authors: Jassar Hanine 
Published: February 2025

Au cours des dernières décennies, une démystification de l’image du labyrinthe a été observée de façon remarquable dans le champ littéraire moderne. Plusieurs écrivains de l’espace francophone contemporain se sont approprié, dans leurs écrits, le thème du labyrinthe, dont Rachid Boudjedra qui s’est proposé, à plusieurs niveaux, de nourrir son roman Topographie idéale « pour une agression caractérisée de ce thème. Cet article se propose de voir comment l’image du labyrinthe est développée dans ce roman. Un concept clé est mis au service de notre analyse : « l’hybridité ». La réflexion sur ce concept permet ainsi de concevoir l’image du labyrinthe comme une image kaléidoscopique, mise en place par Boudjedra non seulement pour souligner la sinuosité de l’espace dans lequel erre le personnage, mais aussi pour montrer que le labyrinthe peut être un motif susceptible de faire émerger, au sein de l’univers fictionnel, un nouvel espace chargé de plusieurs significations.
Postuler une perspective pluraliste dans une formation des enseignants de français (FLE/FLS) en République Démocratique du Congo
Authors: Pistis Mfwa Croyance 
Published: February 2025

Ce texte vise à présenter brièvement un programme de formation des enseignants de français mis en œuvre et testé à Kinshasa (RD Congo). Cette formation promeut une perspective pluraliste, qui s’appuie sur la diversité et la pluralité des expériences francophones. Ainsi, cette approche propose d’investir les dimensions sociolinguistique, réflexive (et expérientielle) et historique dans la formation des enseignants de français dans ce pays, afin de les aider à s’émanciper de l’injonction à la norme, au « bon français ». Ce programme de formation est testé auprès d’un groupe de 20 enseignants de français de la ville-province de Kinshasa. La recherche sociolinguistique dont ce programme est issu s’inscrit également dans une démarche qualitative et herméneutique, avec une place essentielle pour les expériences des individus et l’historicité du chercheur.
PENANGANAN KEDATANGAN DAN KEBERANGKATAN KAPAL OLEH KEAGENAN PADA PT.BAHARI EKA NUSANTARA CABANG BELAWAN
Authors: Sholeha Dinda , Lilis Lilis 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam bagaimana perusahaan PT.Bahari Eka Nusantara Cabang Belawan dalam melayani kedatangan dan keberangkatan kapal. Peran keagenan dalam melayani kedatangan dan keberangkatan kapal pada PT. Bahari Eka Nusantara Cabang Belawan sudah berjalan dengan baik. dimana peranan keagenan dalam pengurusan kedatangan dan keberangkatan kapal memerlukan dokumen pendukung, yang berfungsi untuk menjelaskan mengenai rincian kegiatan kapal mulai dari kapal tiba hingga kapal berangkat yang singgah di pelabuhan Belawan dengan efisiensi dan efektifitas pelayanan terhadap kapal oleh perusahaan pelayaran maka dalam aktifitasnya dengan instansi intansi yang terkait dimana pelaksanaannya harus dalam koridor dan kebijaksanaan dari instansi instansi yang berkaitan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Study Pustaka (Library Research) dan Metode Study lapangan (Field Research). Dimana penulis melakukan observasi dilapangan secara langsung dan mengetahui apa saja kegiatan yang dilakukan dilapangan.
The Difficulties and Approaches in Investigate Evidence of New Types Cybercrime
Authors: Ding Ziyue 
Published: February 2025

As one of the most prominent and controversial types of cases in current criminal justice practice, the new type of cybercrime faces both difficulties in investigation and evidence collection, as well as difficulties in judicial determination. The new type of cybercrime has become one of the mainstream crimes in China, and its characteristics of complex criminal subjects, diverse criminal methods, chained criminal patterns, and cross regional crimes make it difficult to meet the investigation requirements of new network crimes under new technologies relying on traditional criminal investigation methods. In the practice of investigation, there are practical difficulties such as difficulty in collecting evidence, difficulty in extracting electronic evidence, and the need to strengthen cross regional and cross departmental cooperation. The specific solution approach is to improve the investigation capability of public security departments for cybercrime, standardize electronic evidence collection for new types of cybercrime, and strengthen cooperation in investigating cross regional and cross-border new types of cybercrime.