bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Detection of Hemorrhagic Stroke Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Professor Balakrishnan D Assistant , Student Gobala Krishnan B , Professor Thirumoorthy P , Professor Aarthy C Assistant 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to construct a predictive model for hemorrhagic stroke using machine learning techniques. The emphasis is on designing a robust prediction system capable of reliably identifying people at risk. Materials and Methods: The present study comprised two groups. Group 1 refers to a Support Vector Machine (SVM) approach with high gradient boosting, whereas Group 2 belongs to the Convolutional Neural Network technique that enhances accuracy and produces faster results. Results: The review examines several machine learning methods, with a special emphasis on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), which achieve outstanding accuracy levels of 97%, while the existing approach of support vector machines reaches 96% in prediction. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, the Convolutional neural network achieves exceptional accuracy in predicting hemorrhagic stroke.
Democracy, Growth, and the Political Resource Curse: Evidence from Night-time Lights
Authors: Animashaun Jubril Olayinka 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper uses enhanced night-time light-based economic growth and the exogenous timing of giant oil discovery to explore the transmission of democracy to economic growth. Empirically, we extend the democracy growth model in Acemoglu et al. (2019), which involves a dynamic panel-data model with GMM-styled instrumental variable analysis for 157 countries from 1992 to 2008. Specifically, we interact the exogenous timing of the discovery of giant oil fields with the democratization variable and replace GDP using night-time lights. Also, our empirical identification exploits the time lag between giant oil discovery and development outcomes using night-time lights. We find substantial heterogeneity in economic growth under democracies depending on the timing of giant oil discoveries and the measurement of economic growth. We examine various mechanisms that might explain this heterogeneity.
JEL codes: D720, O130
Exploring Latent Class Profiles of Mathematics Performance among Filipino Students: Insights from PISA 2022 Using Growth Mindset Indicators and Group Comparison Analysis
Authors: Chavez Von Lorenz A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study explored the growth mindset among Filipino students and its impact on mathematics performance. It utilized the data from the PISA 2022 assessment. Growth mindset has been illustrated as the belief that abilities can be developed through effort. It is identified as a critical factor that influences educational outcomes. The primary aim of this study is to identify distinct latent class profiles based on growth mindset indicators among Filipino students. Also, it examined the relationship between these profiles and mathematics performance. The study is grounded in the growth mindset theory. This theory posits that students' beliefs about their intelligence and abilities can significantly influence their academic performance. Growth mindset is classified as a concept of multidimensional because it encompasses mental, physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects. Thus, this is also explored. Data from 6,791 Filipino students who participated in PISA 2022 were analyzed. The study employed Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to identify distinct growth mindset profiles based on student responses to mindset-related questions. Following the identification of profiles, ANOVA was used to determine differences in mathematics performance among the identified groups. Based on the results, there were three latent classes were identified: Limitation Acceptors, Optimistic Learners, and Mindset Explorers. Limitation Acceptors (50% of the students) predominantly believed in fixed intelligence and performed lower in mathematics. Optimistic Learners (17%) exhibited a strong growth mindset and achieved significantly higher mathematics scores. Mindset Explorers (33%) displayed ambivalence towards fixed and growth mindset statements, with mathematics performance similar to Limitation Acceptors. ANOVA results indicated a significant difference in mathematics performance among the three groups, with Optimistic Learners outperforming the other two.
Pushover analysis of G+20 RCC Structure with Horizontal Irregularity
Authors: VAWADRA VINOD , JOHN ROSHNI 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the last decade, four devastating earthquakes in the world have occurred in India, and low to mild intensities earthquakes are shaking our land frequently. It has raised questions about the adequacy of framed structures to resist strong motions since many buildings suffered great damage or collapsed. Therefore, existing reinforced concrete buildings can be analyzed to determine the strength or capacity to resist seismic loads. Performance-based design is used to assess the performance level of buildings subjected to earthquakes. Push-over analysis is one of the seismic methods to determine the performance level of the building. On the basis of pushover analysis whether damage occurs at member or structure level can be identified. Fiber-reinforced polymer wrapping is a composite material made of a polymer matrix reinforced with fibers. It has good ductility strength which can work effectively in earthquake-prone areas. In the present study, 20 story structures with horizontal irregularity have been analyzed with aramid fiber-reinforced polymer, glass fiber-reinforced polymer, and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer with the Pushover analysis method as per ATC- 40 [5]. The analysis is carried out for seismic Zone III with hard soil conditions. The parameters considered for the study are pushover curve, target displacement, story shear, time period, maximum story displacement, and story drift based on pushover analysis separately to find out the most suitable configuration of fiber-reinforced polymer.
Estudo comparativo de dois diferentes métodos para determinação da glicemia
Authors: Agnoletto Natieli  Soares , Sulzbacher Maicon Machado , Fiorin Pauline Brendler Goettems , Ludwig Mirna Stela , Frizzo Matias Nunes 
Published: June 2024

O automonitoramento em pacientes diabéticos previne que doses errôneas de insulina sejam aplicadas, a fim de evitar complicações de quadros de hipoglicemia e hiperglicemia recorrentes que acarretam em danos mais sérios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de um teste de auto monitoramento de glicemia capilar (hemoglicoteste, HGT)), comparando seus resultados a um teste de glicose utilizando o método enzimático. Método: foram coletados sangue para o método capilar e venoso, de 90 voluntários, em jejum e diagnosticados com diabetes as coletas foram realizadas ao mesmo tempo nos voluntários. Resultados: Foram apresentados como média ± desvio padrão. Para HGT a glicemia foi 132,99 ± 44,65 mg/dL e para o método laboratorial 108,3 ± 43,59 mg/dL. Os resultados mostraram discordância, corroborada a partir do método coeficiente Kappa (κ) com valor de 0,181. Apenas 30,681% estavam dentro da zona A e zona B estipuladas pela ISO 15197/2013 como 99%. Conclusão: Existe diferença entre os valores de glicemia capilar realizada por glicosímetro digital e os valores da glicemia venosa realizada em testes laboratoriais tradicionais, de forma que o equipamento em teste não atendeu aos valores de referência dados pela resolução 3.161, de 16/11/2018, normativa Nº 24, que rege o Brasil, a qual se baseou nas normas internacionais da ISO 15197/2013, e portanto, não atende as normas internacionais.
Variable Surface Antigens of Plasmodium falciparum: Protein Families
with Divergent Roles
Authors: Kaur Jasweer , Mishra Prakash Chandra , Hora Rachna 
Published: June 2024

:
Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) is an illness that contributes significantly
to the global health burden. Pf makes significant alterations to the host cell to meet its
metabolic demands and escape the immune response of the host. These include the export of a
large number of parasite proteins to the infected Red Blood Cells (iRBC). Variable Surface Antigens
(VSAs), which are highly polymorphic protein families with important roles in immune evasion,
form an important component of the exported proteins. A total of five protein families constitute
the VSAs, viz. PfEMP1 (Pf erythrocyte membrane protein 1), RIFIN (repetitive interspersed
family), STEVOR (sub-telomeric open reading frame), SURFIN (surface-associated interspersed
gene family), and PfMC-2TM (Pf Maurer’s cleft two transmembrane). With orthologues present
in various simian-infecting species, VSAs take up a variety of domain topologies and organizational
structures while exhibiting differential expressions throughout the parasite life cycle. Their expression
varies across clinical isolates and laboratory strains, which suggests their crucial role in
host cell survival and defense. Members of VSAs are reported to contribute significantly to disease
pathogenesis through immune evasion processes like cytoadherence, iRBC sequestration in
the host vasculature, rosetting, reduced erythrocyte deformability, and direct immunosuppression.
In this study, we have gathered information on various aspects of VSAs, like their orthologues, domain
architecture, surface topology, functions and interactions, and three-dimensional structures,
while emphasizing discoveries in the field. Considering the vast repertoire of Plasmodial VSAs
with new emergent functions, a lot remains unknown about these families and, hence, malaria biology.
Bio-Printing of Materials for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Jafari Taha , Naghib Seyed Morteza , Moepubi M.R. 
Published: June 2024

:
The complicated internal mechanical and structural qualities of normal bone
tissue still prevent the development of effective therapeutic procedures for major bone lesions.
It is still difficult to use tissue engineering to return damaged bones back to how
they were originally intended. Due to recent advances in 3D printing, together with the introduction
of new materials and technological assistance, the basis for BTE has been established.
Biological 3D biomaterials have cells inside them, which allows for the creation
of structures that mimic real tissues. Microextrusion, inkjet, and laser-assisted bioprinting
are the three primary methods used in 3D bioprinting manufacturing. Hydrogels packed
with cells, growth hormones, and bioactive ceramics are among the bioinks utilized in
bone bioprinting. With the use of magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography
scanning, 3D printing offers substantial benefits for tailored treatment by enabling the creation of scaffolds
with the right structural qualities, form, and dimensions. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a cutting-edge
technique that has been utilized recently to create multicellular, biomimetic tissues with layers upon layers of
intricate tissue microenvironment printing. We approached the use of hydrogels with great strength in 3D
printing for BTE with an emphasis on first providing a thorough study about the development of 3D printing,
printing techniques, and ink selection in this review. A brief prediction on how 3D printing would advance in
the future was made.
Advances in the Development of Non-Structural Protein 1 (NsP1) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Chikungunya Virus Infection
Authors: Delgado-Maldonado Timoteo , Moreno-Herrera Antonio , Rivera Gildardo 
Published: June 2024

:
Chikungunya is a re-emerging viral infection of worldwide concern, and new antiviral
therapeutics are necessary to combat this disease. Inhibitors of the non-structural protein 1 (NsP1),
which shows Methyltransferase (MTase) activity and plays a crucial in the Chikungunya virus
(ChikV) replication, are exhibiting promising results. This review aimed to describe recent advances
in the development of NsP1 inhibitors for the treatment of Chikungunya disease. High-throughput
screening of novel ChikV NsP1 inhibitors has been widely performed for the identification of new
molecule hits through fluorescence polarization, Western blotting, ELISA-based assay, and capillary
electrophoresis assays. Additionally, cell-based assays confirmed that the inhibition of ChikV NsP1
abolishes viral replication. In summary, pyrimidine and pyrimidin-7(6H)-one derivatives, GTP and
nucleoside analogs have been demonstrated to show inhibitory activity and are considered promising
scaffolds that provide useful knowledge for the research and development of new NsP1 inhibitors
as potential treatment of Chikungunya re-emerging disease.
A Clinical Model predicting the 90-Day Prognosis after Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Huang Yu , Wu Chuyue , Du Cuiping , Lei Da , Li Li , Chen Shengli 
Published: June 2024

Background and Purpose:
Mechanical Thrombectomy (MT) is the recommended
treatment for patients with an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusion (LVO)
within 6 h after onset. However, the poor prognosis for patients with an acute great vascular occlusive
stroke after an MT, which is a common occurrence, can be attributed to an absence of
appropriate postoperative monitoring. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound and Quantitative
Electroencephalography (QEEG) offer the advantages of rapid, convenient, and bedside examinations
compared to conventional imaging techniques.

Objective:
In the current study, we analyzed the predictive performance of clinical factors, TCD
ultrasound, and QEEG for the prognosis of patients with an AIS due to LVO 90 days after hospital
discharge.

Methods:
Methods: Patients who achieved revascularization following an MT that was performed within 6
h after the onset of AIS due to LVO were included. We used the data to build four predictive
models of prognosis and compared the predictive performance measured by the area under the
curve, sensitivity, and specificity.

Results:
Seventy-four patients were included in the study, among whom 47 had a poor prognosis
(63.5%) at the time of hospital discharge, and 45 had a poor prognosis (60.8%) 90 d after hospital
discharge. Independent predictors of poor prognosis 90 d after hospital discharge included the
following: age, National Institute of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) score at the time of hospital
admission, pulsatility index (PI) on the affected/healthy side, and relative alpha power (RAP).
The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was highest (0.831) among the
4 models when age was combined with NIHSS score at the time of hospital admission, TCD
parameters (diastolic velocity [VD] on the affected side and PI on the affected/healthy side), and
a QEEG parameter (e.g., RAP) for prognostic prediction. However, the AUC for the 4 predictive
models did not differ significantly (p > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Age, the NIHSS score at the time of hospital admission, TCD parameters, and a
QEEG parameter were independent predictors of prognosis 90 d after discharge in patients undergoing
MT for AIS due to LVO in the anterior circulation. The model combining the above
four parameters may be helpful for prognostic prediction in such patients.
MiR-199a-5p Deficiency Promotes Artery Restenosis in Peripheral Artery Disease by Regulating ASMCs Function via Targeting HIF-1α and E2F3
Authors: Liu Duan , Jing Yexiang , Peng Guiyan , Wei Litai , Zheng Liang , Chang Guangqi , Wang Mian 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Restenosis (RS) poses a significant concern, leading to recurrent ischemia
and the potential for amputation following intraluminal angioplasty in the treatment of Peripheral
Artery Disease (PAD). Through microRNA microarray analysis, the study detected a significant
downregulation of miR-199a-5p within arterial smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) associated
with RS.

Objective:
This research aims to explore the possible function and the underlying mechanisms of
miR-199a-5p in the context of RS.

Methods:
Primary ASMCs were extracted from the femoral arteries of both healthy individuals
and patients with PAD or RS. The expression levels of miR-199a-5p were assessed using both
qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization techniques. To examine the impacts of miR-199a-5p, a series
of experiments were performed, including flow cytometry, TUNEL assay, EdU assay, CCK8 assay,
Transwell assay, and wound closure assay. A rat carotid balloon injury model was employed
to elucidate the mechanism through which miR-199a-5p mitigated neointimal hyperplasia.

Results:
MiR-199a-5p exhibited downregulation in RS patients and was predominantly expressed
within ASMCs. Elevated the expression of miR-199a-5p resulted in an inhibitory effect of proliferation
and migration in ASMCs. Immunohistochemistry and a dual-luciferase reporter assay uncovered
that RS exhibited elevated expression levels of both HIF-1α and E2F3, and they were identified
as target genes regulated by miR-199a-5p. The co-transfection of lentiviruses carrying
HIF-1α and E2F3 alongside miR-199a-5p further elucidated their role in the cellular responses mediated
by miR-199a-5p. In vivo, the delivery of miR-199a-5p via lentivirus led to the mitigation of
neointimal formation following angioplasty, achieved by targeting HIF-1α and E2F3.

Conclusion:
MiR-199a-5p exhibits promise as a prospective therapeutic target for RS since it alleviates
the condition by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of ASMCs via its regulation of
HIF-1α and E2F3.
Recent Advances in Food Hydrocolloidal System Physiochemistry
Authors: Gouda Mostafa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
The recent advances in plant and animal biosystems of hydrocolloids have led scientists to
find analytical techniques to explore the scientific principles of these molecules for their functional
principles, precursors of essential pathways, and other physical and chemical processes. The current
editorial highlights the importance of applying advanced physicochemical theories and practical
examples to sustain this important innovation approach further.
Thrombosis in Myeloid Malignancies: From CHIP to AML
Authors: Borsellino Beatrice , Bravo-Perez Carlos , Visconte Valeria , Guarnera Luca 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
The development of myeloid malignancies is a multi-step process starting from pre-malignant
stages. Large-scale studies on clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) identified
this condition as a risk factor for developing hematologic malignancies, in particular
myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In parallel, CHIP was
found to confer an enhanced thrombotic risk, in particular for cardiovascular diseases. In a similar
fashion, in recent years, alongside their life-threatening features, increasing attention has been
drawn toward thrombotic complications in myeloid malignancies. Thus, the purpose of this review
is to gather a growing body of evidence on incidence, pathogenesis and clinical impact of
thrombosis in myeloid malignancies at every step of malignant progression, from CHIP to AML.
An Overview of the Degradation and Removal of Pesticide Residues from
Water and Agricultural Runoff using Nanoparticles and Nanocomposites
Authors: Sani Mahadi Danjuma , Abbaraju V.D.N.Kumar , Venugopal Nutulapati V.S. , Kura Nura Umar 
Published: June 2024

:
A high percentage of the applied chemicals on farmlands find their way into the water
bodies and groundwater through agricultural runoff and leaching/percolation. Therefore, multiple
remediation techniques need to be employed to deter the menace of pesticide residue contamination.
Therefore, this review aimed to compute the most suitable degradation conditions for the removal of
pesticide residue from water and agricultural runoff using nanomaterials. The review touches on the
aspect of adsorption and photocatalytic degradation methods using nanomaterials and the most prominent factors that affect the degradation process. Information from recently published articles, book
chapters, and conference proceedings were carefully studied and analyzed. It was revealed that heterogeneous photocatalysis shows the capability of complete mineralization of organic pollutants
under optimum experimental conditions. Moreover, it is crucial to consider experimental conditions
that could be applicable in the field to achieve a better result. It has been observed that integrating
nanoremediation with other degradation methods to create a hybrid technique may play a crucial role
in removing pesticide residues from agricultural runoff. However, the detrimental effects of the nanomaterials if any on the environmental matrices need to be taken under consideration to avoid the
menace similar to plastic pollution as a result of extensive production and application of nanomaterials.
Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Lipoyl Ester Conjugated Star PLGA
for Sustained Drug Delivery Systems
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Gupta Chandan , Godse Shrikant , Athawale Rajani 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), an FDA-approved copolymer, is
widely recognized for its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility in drug delivery systems.
Despite its advantages, challenges, such as poor drug loading and burst release, motivate
the exploration of innovative modifications. The current research aimed to modify the linear
PLGA to lipoyl ester terminated star PLGA polymer to minimize initial burst release by increasing
the molecular weight and fabricate risperidone-loaded microspheres.

Methods:
In this study, we have presented a novel approach involving the synthesis of star
PLGA through the direct melt polycondensation of PLGA with pentaerythritol, followed by conjugation
with lipoic acid to form lipoyl ester terminated star PLGA. Structural confirmation was
done by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
(1H-NMR), and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Microspheres were fabricated from
lipoyl ester terminated star PLGA and characterized for their particle size and surface morphology
by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and in vitro drug release by dialysis bag method

Results:
The results of the study have indicated successful conjugation of lipoic acid to star
PLGA forming lipoyl ester terminated star PLGA, as confirmed by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and GPC
analyses. Microspheres developed from the synthesized polymer exhibited particle sizes ranging
from 4.64 μm to 11.7 μm and demonstrated sustained drug delivery, with 99.8% release over 45
d, in contrast to the plain drug that achieved complete dissolution within 3 h.

Conclusion:
The resulting material has demonstrated unique bioresponsive and multifunctional
properties, with evidence of successful synthesis provided through comprehensive characterization
techniques, and suitability for the fabrication of microspheres for sustained drug delivery
systems.