bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Group Treatment With Pediatric and Adolescent Populations in an Acute Rehabilitation Hospital Setting
Authors: Paustian Glenn 
Published: December 2010

Purpose: Pediatric and adolescent treatment in group settings has unique benefits for effective delivery of speech language treatment. This article advocates for the use of group treatment models in acute rehabilitation settings in which speech language treatment is offered for pediatric and adolescent populations.Considerations for Group Practice: Effective and efficient ways to orchestrate group treatment, including planning, execution, and documentation of group treatment, are outlined. Support for such delivery of care is consistent with the World Health Organization International Classification of Disability, Functioning, and Health (Threats, 2008), which is endorsed by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA Practice Act 2007).Conclusions: Examples are provided for the integration of group treatment into an acute rehabilitation setting. A variety of group treatment experiences are described, including types of group treatment, daily scheduled group treatment, and integration of group treatment with other disciplines. It is concluded by the author that group treatment is a viable and important treatment type.
Explicitly correlated equation-of-motion coupled-cluster methods for excited and electron-attached states
Authors: Bokhan Denis , Ten-no Seiichiro 
Published: December 2010

Based on the linearly approximated F12 coupled cluster singles and doubles [CCSD(F12)] model, equation-of-motion [EOM-CCSD(F12)] methods for electron affinities (EAs) and excitation energies (EEs) have been formulated and implemented. Extended electron-attachment and excitation operators are introduced for balanced descriptions of both neutral and electron-attached (or excited) states. In our implementation the cusp conditions are used for the definition of extended electron-attachment (excitation) operators. It is shown that EA-EOM-CCSD(F12) provides vertical electron affinities accurate to 0.1 eV compared to those in the complete basis set limit. Numerical tests conducted on a selection of small molecules have also shown notable improvement in Rydberg excitation energies compared to valence ones by the use of correlation factors.
This article is being retracted effective 8 March 2011.
Decreasing trends in the incidence of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction from 1993–2004: a study of 175 216 patients with a first acute myocardial infarction in Sweden
Authors: Shafazand Masoud , Rosengren Annika , Lappas Georgios , Swedberg Karl , Schaufelberger Maria 
Published: December 2010

AimsTo investigate temporal trends in the risk of heart failure (HF) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and to determine whether these trends differ by gender or age.Methods and resultsThe national Swedish hospital discharge and death registries from 1993 to 2004 were used to calculate age‐ and gender‐specific trends for a first episode of HF within 3 years in 175 216 patients aged 35–84 and hospitalized with a first AMI. Overall, 14.4% of patients aged 35–64 and 31.5% of those aged 65–84 with AMI in 1993–1995 had a hospital diagnosis of HF within 3 years (including the index admission). Corresponding figures for patients with AMI from 2002 to 2004 were 11.5 and 28.0%, respectively. In multivariable analyses, the risk of HF decreased by 4% per year. Having had a stroke before admission increased HF risk by 37%, diabetes increased the risk by 76% and atrial fibrillation by 80%. Patients with any kind of valvular disease had a more than doubled risk. Women had a 6% higher incidence of HF than men, whereas men with an index admission for AMI who did not develop HF had higher mortality than women.ConclusionsIn this national sample, we observed a steady decrease in the risk of being hospitalized with HF after an AMI. However, the 3‐year risk of HF remains high, with nearly one‐third of AMI patients aged 65–84 developing HF within 3 years.
High-Throughput Xenopus laevis Immunohistochemistry Using Agarose Sections
Authors: Blackiston Douglas , Vandenberg Laura N. , Levin Michael 
Published: December 2010

INTRODUCTIONCharacterizing protein localization in Xenopus laevis embryos is an important aspect of developmental and regenerative studies that use this advantageous model system. Although whole-mount immunohistochemistry is an efficient and powerful way to visualize surface and ectodermal expression, its ability to localize proteins in internal tissues and cells is limited by the incomplete penetration of antibodies through outer layers of the embryo. Microtome sections of paraffin-embedded embryos provide good internal resolution, but precise orientation of embryos can be difficult, and sectioning many samples is time intensive. Further, care must be taken with sections to minimize tissue damage, because heat and organic solvents used during the process can render some proteins invisible to antibody detection. The method described here is a short protocol for generating robust sections for use in immunoreactions with as little as two days from collection to visualization, making it useful as a rapid screening process. Advantages of this method include: (1) the durability of the sections produced (which can be treated as if they were wholemounts and processed by fluid aspiration in vials rather than mounted onto slides); (2) the ability to examine multiple antibody targets in tandem, in tissue that is never heated or extracted with harsh reagents; (3) the lack of autofluorescence as occurs in glutaraldehyde-containing media; and (4) the ease of orientation of embryos in a fully transparent block.
Microinjection of RNA and Preparation of Secreted Proteins from Xenopus Oocytes
Authors: Sive Hazel L. , Grainger Robert M. , Harland Richard M. 
Published: December 2010

INTRODUCTIONMicroinjection of Xenopus oocytes or embryos with messenger RNA (mRNA) is a powerful technique for studying development, including protein expression during development. This protocol describes a method for the preparation of secreted 35S-labeled proteins following mRNA microinjection into Xenopus oocytes.
Photoactivated Localization Microscopy (PALM): An Optical Technique for Achieving ~10-nm Resolution
Authors: Zhong Haining 
Published: December 2010

INTRODUCTIONThe organization of proteins on the scale of a few tens of nanometers, such as in the postsynaptic density and the synaptic vesicles, is a key determinant of their function. However, spatial features on such a fine scale are beyond the resolving power of conventional, diffraction-limited fluorescence light microscopy. In response, several imaging modalities have recently emerged that can surpass the diffraction limit on optically benign samples in which aberration and light scattering are negligible. Although each of these techniques has its own advantages and limitations, photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM) provides the highest shown resolution in biological samples, is the most efficient in utilizing signal photons, and allows for the assessment of individual molecules. This article discusses the basic principles of PALM microscopy, its implementation, and the potential applications in neuroscience.
Imaging the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ): Basic Optical Principles and Equipment
Authors: Levitan Edwin S. , Shakiryanova Dinara 
Published: December 2010

INTRODUCTIONElectrophysiological studies of synaptic function cannot directly reveal the internal workings of the nerve terminal and do not robustly report release of neuropeptides and neurotrophins. These limitations can now be overcome with the presynaptic expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) indicators of vesicle motion, release, and signaling. This article describes how to image single wavelength and ratiometric fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based GFP indicators with fluorescence microscopy in living synaptic boutons of the Drosophila neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The basic optical principles and equipment required for epifluorescence microscopy are described in detail.
Characterization of a Nitric Oxide Synthase from the Plant Kingdom: NO Generation from the Green Alga Ostreococcus tauri Is Light Irradiance and Growth Phase Dependent
Authors: Foresi Noelia , Correa-Aragunde Natalia , Parisi Gustavo , Caló Gonzalo , Salerno Graciela , Lamattina Lorenzo 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The search for a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) sequence in the plant kingdom yielded two sequences from the recently published genomes of two green algae species of the Ostreococcus genus, O. tauri and O. lucimarinus. In this study, we characterized the sequence, protein structure, phylogeny, biochemistry, and expression of NOS from O. tauri. The amino acid sequence of O. tauri NOS was found to be 45% similar to that of human NOS. Folding assignment methods showed that O. tauri NOS can fold as the human endothelial NOS isoform. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that O. tauri NOS clusters together with putative NOS sequences of a Synechoccocus sp strain and Physarum polycephalum. This cluster appears as an outgroup of NOS representatives from metazoa. Purified recombinant O. tauri NOS has a K m for the substrate l-Arg of 12 ± 5 μM. Escherichia coli cells expressing recombinant O. tauri NOS have increased levels of NO and cell viability. O. tauri cultures in the exponential growth phase produce 3-fold more NOS-dependent NO than do those in the stationary phase. In O. tauri, NO production increases in high intensity light irradiation and upon addition of l-Arg, suggesting a link between NOS activity and microalgal physiology.
TCP Transcription Factors Regulate the Activities of ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and miR164, as Well as the Auxin Response, during Differentiation of Leaves inArabidopsis
Authors: Koyama Tomotsugu , Mitsuda Nobutaka , Seki Motoaki , Shinozaki Kazuo , Ohme-Takagi Masaru 
Published: December 2010

AbstractCoordination of the maintenance of the undifferentiated fate of cells in the shoot meristem and the promotion of cellular differentiation in plant organs is essential for the development of plant shoots. CINCINNATA-like (CIN-like) TEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF (TCP) transcription factors are involved in this coordination via the negative regulation of CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) genes, which regulate the formation of shoot meristems and the specification of organ boundaries. However, the molecular mechanism of the action of CIN-like TCPs is poorly understood. We show here that TCP3, a model of CIN-like TCPs of Arabidopsis thaliana, directly activates the expression of genes for miR164, ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 (AS1), INDOLE-3-ACETIC ACID3/SHORT HYPOCOTYL2 (IAA3/SHY2), and SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR) proteins. Gain of function of these genes suppressed the formation of shoot meristems and resulted in the fusion of cotyledons, whereas their loss of function induced ectopic expression of CUC genes in leaves. Our results indicate that miR164, AS1, IAA3/SHY2, and SAUR partially but cooperatively suppress the expression of CUC genes. Since CIN-like TCP genes were revealed to act dose dependently in the differentiation of leaves, we propose that evolutionarily diverse CIN-like TCPs have important roles in the signaling pathways that generate different leaf forms, without having any lethal effects on shoots.
A high‐resolution comparative map of porcine chromosome 4 (SSC4)
Authors: Ma J.‐G. , Chang T.‐C. , Yasue H. , Farmer A. D. , Crow J. A. , Eyer K. , Hiraiwa H. , Shimogiri T. , Meyers S. N. , Beever J. E. , Schook L. B. , Retzel E. F. , Beattie C. W. , Liu W.‐S. 
Published: December 2010

SummaryWe used the IMNpRH212 000‐rad RH and IMpRH7 000‐rad panels to integrate 2019 transcriptome (RNA‐seq)‐generated contigs with markers from the porcine genetic and radiation hybrid (RH) maps and bacterial artificial chromosome finger‐printed contigs, into 1) parallel framework maps (LOD ≥ 10) on both panels for swine chromosome (SSC) 4, and 2) a high‐resolution comparative map of SSC4, thus and human chromosomes (HSA) 1 and 8. A total of 573 loci were anchored and ordered on SSC4 closing gaps identified in the porcine sequence assembly Sscrofa9. Alignment of the SSC4 RH with the genetic map identified five microsatellites incorrectly mapped around the centromeric region in the genetic map. Further alignment of the RH and comparative maps with the genome sequence identified four additional regions of discrepancy that are also suggestive of errors in assembly, three of which were resolved through conserved synteny with blocks on HSA1 and HSA8.
Evaluation of SNPs in the chicken HMGA2 gene as markers for body weight gain
Authors: Song C. , Gu X. , Feng C. , Wang Y. , Gao Y. , Hu X. , Li N. 
Published: December 2010

SummaryA QTL affecting body weight in chickens has been mapped to GGA1, between the markers GCT0006 and MCW0106. The gene HMGA2, which was previously identified as a candidate gene for determining body height in humans and mice, is also conspicuously close to the MCW0106 marker in chickens. Subsequently, 14 SNP markers of HMGA2 were genotyped in CAU chicken resource populations, and the associations between body weight and those SNP markers that displayed polymorphisms were analysed. Three SNPs (rs13849241, rs15231472 and rs13849381) were found to be significantly correlated with body weight in chickens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, haplotypes constructed based on these three SNPs were also discovered to be associated with body weight in chickens at the ages of 6, 7, 9 and 12 weeks. These results suggest that the chicken HMGA2 gene is indeed involved in body weight gain.
Proliferation and bone marrow engraftment of AML blasts is dependent on β‐catenin signalling
Authors: Siapati Elena K. , Papadaki Magda , Kozaou Zoi , Rouka Erasmia , Michali Evridiki , Savvidou Ioanna , Gogos Dimitrios , Kyriakou Despina , Anagnostopoulos Nikos I. , Vassilopoulos George 
Published: December 2010

SummaryB‐catenin is the central effector molecule of the canonical Wnt signalling pathway, which controls self‐renewal of haematopoietic stem cells. Deregulation of this pathway occurs in various malignancies including myeloid leukaemias. The present study examined the functional outcome of stable β‐catenin down‐regulation through lentivirus‐mediated expression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Reduction of the β‐catenin levels in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines and patient samples decelerated their in vitro proliferation ability without affecting cell viability. Transplantation of leukaemic cells with control or reduced levels of β‐catenin in non‐obese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient animals indicated that, while the immediate homing of the cells was unaffected, the bone marrow engraftment was directly dependent on β‐catenin levels. Subsequent examination of bone sections revealed that β‐catenin was implicated in the localization of AML to the endosteum. Examination of adhesion molecule expression before and after transplantation, revealed down‐regulation of CD44 expression, accompanied by reduced in vitro adhesion. Gene expression analysis disclosed the presence of an autocrine compensatory mechanism, which responds to the reduced β‐catenin levels by altering the expression of positive and negative pathway regulators. In conclusion, our study showed that β‐catenin comprises an integral part of AML cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and adhesion, and influences disease establishment in vivo.
Relationships among self‐esteem, job adjustment and service attitude amongst male nurses: a structural equation model
Authors: Lou Jiunn‐Horng , Li Ren‐Hau , Yu Hsing‐Yi , Chen Sheng‐Hwang 
Published: December 2010

Aim.  The purpose of this study was to test a relationship model of self‐esteem and job adjustment affecting the service attitude of male nurses in Taiwan.Background.  Service attitude of nurses may affect their intention to leave and the quality of health care for their patients. Self‐esteem is an important predictor of service attitude. Very few researchers have assessed job adjustment and service attitude in male nurses. Reducing job stress and burnout would help to increase job satisfaction.Design.  A cross‐sectional research design was used in this study.Method.  In 2009, 338 male nurses were invited to participate in this study. Finally, 284 participants completed the questionnaire, and the response rate was 84·0%.Results.  The results revealed that the postulated model fits the data from this study well. Self‐esteem did not significantly correlate to service attitude. Job adjustment was a significantly influencing factor on service attitude.Conclusions.  We conclude that job adjustment was indeed important in explaining the service attitude of male nurses. Nurse managers must help male nurses adjust their job as soon as possible to improve their service attitude.Relevance to clinical practice.  In clinical practice and management, our findings provide concrete directions for nursing management and professionals in helping male nurses adjust to their job to improve male nurses’ service attitude. More clinical situation must be provided and practiced before male nursing students graduate from school. We suggest future study is needed to generalise this model to different populations.
The Patient Care Delivery Model – an open system framework: conceptualisation, literature review and analytical strategy
Authors: O’Brien‐Pallas Linda , Meyer Raquel M , Hayes Laureen J , Wang Sping 
Published: December 2010

Aims and objectives.  This paper presents the Patient Care Delivery Model to illustrate interrelationships between model components and to support its application in research using advanced analytical techniques, including structural equation modelling.Background.  Many complex factors contribute to the nature of healthcare environments and to nurse, patient and system outcomes. A better understanding of these factors and their interrelationships would provide insight for decision‐makers to develop strategies to improve outcomes.Design.  A literature review approach was used to address the objectives.Method.  A threefold approach used existing theory to explicate a comprehensive conceptual framework, reviewed empirical studies of the proposed relationships and considered the application of advanced analytical techniques to inform future research directions.Results.  As per general system theory, inputs (patient, nurse and system characteristics) to the Patient Care Delivery Model interact with throughputs (nursing interventions, work environments and environmental complexity) to produce intermediate (staffing levels) and distal outputs (patient, nurse and system outcomes). Application of the model in research and its relevance for healthcare settings is supported in the current literature. Statistical techniques that allow model testing and the investigation of multiple relationships simultaneously have demonstrated the interconnections among the model components.Conclusions.  Development of the Patient Care Delivery Model is a step towards understanding work environments and providing healthcare managers with evidence‐based management tools. Formal testing of comprehensive, multilevel conceptual models will provide empirical linkages between inputs and outputs and will identify potential mediators between predictors and outcomes to offer new insight into organisational practices.Relevance to clinical practice.  A better understanding of how factors in the work environment impact clinical outcomes can facilitate care processes in the nursing unit. Future studies using comprehensive conceptual frameworks and sophisticated analytical approaches will enhance professional nursing practice and improve clinical outcomes in healthcare organisations.
Gill‐associated virus and its association with decreased production of Penaeus monodon in Australian prawn farms
Authors: Munro J , Callinan R , Owens L 
Published: December 2010

AbstractGill‐associated virus (GAV) was found to be associated with decreased prawn, Penaeus monodon, production when prawns from three farms (n = 45 ponds, 1800 prawns) were monitored for GAV over the production season using a graded RT‐nPCR. The grading system used was a visualization of either the outer or inner nested PCR products. Prevalence and loading of GAV were associated with disease severity. Ponds with a higher initial prevalence and a larger increase in GAV load over the production period suffered disease outbreaks. Ponds with low initial prevalence of GAV but a larger increase in prevalence and large increase in load over the production period suffered chronic disease with no disease outbreak identified, yet low production. However, the ponds with moderate to low initial prevalence of GAV with a low increase in prevalence and load of GAV over the production period incurred no disease outbreak and comparatively high production. Ponds with GAV prevalence greater than 75% at 1 month post‐stocking should be considered for termination as they have a high probability (95%) of having a disease outbreak. Emergency harvest when a disease outbreak occurs will significantly limit mortality losses.
Viral replication in excised fin tissues (VREFT) corresponds with prior exposure of Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii (Valenciennes), to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV)
Authors: Grady C A , Gregg J L , Wade R M , Winton J R , Hershberger P K 
Published: December 2010

AbstractProcedures for a viral replication in excised fin tissue (VREFT) assay were adapted to Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii, and optimized both to reduce processing time and to provide the greatest resolution between naïve herring and those previously exposed to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), Genogroup IVa. The optimized procedures included removal of the left pectoral fin from a euthanized fish, inoculation of the fin with >105 plaque‐forming units (PFU) mL−1 VHSV for 1 h, rinsing the fin in fresh medium six times to remove unadsorbed virions, incubation of the fin in fresh medium for 4 days and enumeration of the viral titre in a sample of the incubation medium by plaque assay. The optimized VREFT assay was effective at identifying the prior exposure history of laboratory‐reared Pacific herring to VHSV. The geometric mean VREFT value was significantly greater (P < 0.01) among naïve herring (1.2 × 103 PFU mL−1) than among groups that survived exposure to VHSV (1.0–2.9 × 102 PFU mL−1); additionally, the proportion of cultures with no detectable virus was significantly greater (P = 0.0002) among fish that survived exposure to VHSV (39–47%) than among naïve fish (3.3%). The optimized VREFT assay demonstrates promise for identifying VHSV exposure history and forecasting disease potential in populations of wild Pacific herring.