bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consortium for the lifespan examination of ADHD registry (Clear): An update on methodology and recruitment
Authors: Lasser R. , Eksteen C. , Brod M. , Politza L. , Dauphin M. , Asherson P. , Huss M. , Tetali S. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionADHD is often unrecognised and untreated, particularly in Europe. There is a need for improved understanding of ADHD in adults and its impact on patients across the lifespan. Registries allow for multiple real-world comparisons based on assessment of patients that are typically excluded from clinical studies. Data describing the cost, burden and consequences of ADHD are essential to inform clinicians, regulatory agencies, payers and patients about the condition.ObjectivesTo address the gaps in our current understanding of the care and cost of treating adult patients with ADHD by documenting real-life experiences.MethodsA prospective, longitudinal, observational study of adults > 18 years with ADHD, designed to follow 2500 patients in the USA, UK, Germany, The Netherlands and Canada for a minimum of 5 years.In year one, patients will be asked questions regarding:the impact of childhood diagnosis and/or treatment on adult ADHD, long- and short-term treatment patterns and their consequences, differences between ADHD treatments, the relationship between disease severity and compliance with treatment, increased tendency to risk behaviour/substance abuse, costs.In subsequent years, topics may be expanded to include the transition into adulthood and healthcare access for young adults.ResultsTen sites are currently recruiting, with 45 patients enrolled up to 7 October 2010. Challenges associated with initiating a global registry in North America and Europe will be discussed.ConclusionData generated from CLEAR will help improve the global understanding of the longitudinal impact of ADHD.Supported by Shire Development, Inc.
Liver function tests and one year risperidone treatment in children and adolescents
Authors: Erdogan A. , Yurteri N. , Tufan A.E. , Ankarali H. , Demirci E. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveRisperidone is an atypical antipsychotic agent, despite its many advantages and widespread use, there is increasing attention to the adverse effects associated with long-term exposure to this drug.We aimed to investigate the changes in the liver function tests (LFTs) associated with one year risperidone treatment in children and adolescents.MethodsOne hundred youths who treated with risperidone more than one year were included in the study. For this study, patients’ baseline and follow-up weight and hepatobiliary function tests including alanine aminotransferases(ALT) and aspartat aminotransferases (AST), gamma gluatamyl transerase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and serum bilirubin levels were measured baseline, after the treatment period of six months and one year.ResultsAsymptomatic liver function test abnormalities mostly ALP elevation was found in subjects treated with risperidone. The mean levels of liver enzymes and billuribin of the patients were significantly higher after one year of treatment than the baseline. Also the mean levels of liver enzymes and billuribin of the patients were significantly higher after one year of treatment than the six months. There was significant association between changes in weight, risperidone dose and liver enzymes and billuribin levels.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that risperidone treatment in the long term commonly leads to liver function changes however it rarely may induce a serious hepatic toxicity at therapeutic doses in children and adolescents.
Effects of a social recreational program for children with autism spectrum disorders - preliminary findings
Authors: Goh T.J. , Sung M. , Ooi Y.P. , Lam C.M. , Chua A. , Fung D. , Pathy P. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSocial impairments form one of the major deficits of Autism Spectrum Disorders and are frequently associated with anxiety in school-going children. Social skills programs have been most well-validated to address the issue but components of the programs require further examination.ObjectivesThe study aims to develop and evaluate a group-based Social Recreational program that encourages interaction and behaviour regulation among children with High-Functioning Autism through their participation in activities that address meaningful and functional skills in a naturalistic social setting. The components of the program are described.Methods30 children were enrolled in the 16-sessions weekly program. Attending psychiatrists rated the children on the Clinical Global Impression - Severity scale (CGI-S) at pre-, post-, 3-month, 6-month and one-year follow-up. Anxiety levels of the children were measured by self-reports on the Spence Child Anxiety Scale - Child (SCAS-C) and parent-reports on the Spence Child Anxiety Scale - Parent (SCAS-P).ResultsClinician ratings on the CGI-S showed significant improvements in the children upon completion of the program (Friedman, X2 = 22.69, p = .000) and the gains were maintained at follow-ups. Repeated measures ANOVA with a Greenhouse-Geisser correction showed lower self-reported anxiety in children after the program, F (2.89, 72.26) = 4.07, p = .004. Post-hoc pair-wise comparisons suggested that the children were significantly less anxious at the 6-month follow-up.ConclusionThe program suggests promising benefits although there are no active anxiety remediation components. Its value lies in its applicability in wider community settings. Implications of its effectiveness are discussed.
P01-303-Vegetative status in infants of high-risk for schizophrenia
Authors: Kalinina M.A. , Schimonova G.N. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe study of clinical features and prognostic significance of autonomic disorders are among the most pressing problems of modern medicine.ObjectivesDynamically within 5 years were observed 50 children at high risk for schizophrenia and 40 children with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy of the general population. Aims. Evaluation of prognostic significance of autonomic disorders in infancy for mental health in older age groups.MethodsAll patients were examined by clinical methods and EEG, neurosonografia, original screening tables for early childhood.ResultsIn the first year of life in children at high risk for schizophrenia observed mental and motor development within the syndrome of PDD.In infancy the vagotonic orientation prevailed 72, 5%. By 3 years it changed to the amphotonic orientation reaching 76, 0% of children, while the 10, 0% acquired sympathotony, the rest remained vagotonic.The mental state of 37 children to 5 years qualified as schizotipical disorder (F 21.8). In 13 children it was diagnosed schizophrenia, children's type (F20.8). Frequent and sudden changes in the type of tonus correlated with the deterioration of the mental state of a different nature.In the control group at the first year of life prevailed vagotonic orientation, which gradually to age of one year changed by eutonic. During the first 3–5 months of infancy revealed some unstable circulatory, sleep disorders.ConclusionsThe instability of autonomic tone and an abundance of vegetative violations indicate the risk of mental pathology.
P01-304-Frequency of pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and some related factors in students of girls’ high schools of esfahan
Authors: Karahmadi M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionMany women in fertile period of their lives experience some bothering mental and physical symptoms. After presentation of DSM-IV, these symptoms already known as Pre-menstrual syndrome (PMS) were called Pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder (PM DD).The prevalence of PMS has been estimated to be about 40% to 70% but severe signs (PMDD) have lower prevalence. This study has evaluated the frequency of PMS and PMDD and some related factors in girls’ high schools.Methods and materialsIn this descriptive-analytic study, 800 students of girls’ high schools were chosen by randomized cluster sampling. A researcher made questionnaire assessing PMS and PMDD according to DSM.lV.TR criteria as well as a demographic questionnaire were administered to participants. Data were analyzed running SPSS software -version 11.5.FindingsFrequencies of PMS and PMDD were 41.5% and 9.4% respectively. The disorder was more frequent in students older than 16 years old. Mood symptoms were the most frequent presentation, followed by physical and behavioral symptoms. There was a lower frequency of the disorder despite a higher frequency of the syndrome in students with highly educated mothers. The frequency of PMS was higher in students with positive family history.DiscussionBecause of the potential adverse effects of PMS and PMDD on academic achievement and mental health of students, the high frequency of these problems need urgent attention. Planning mental health evaluations and interventions is necessary for these age group students. Diagnosis of severe cases and referring them should be considered in such programs.
Predictors of mental health distress in mothers with autism children
Authors: Khodaee M.R. , Khodabakhshi Koolaee A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionTaking care of a child with Autism has been shown to place a significant burden on the caregiver's, especially mothers (Khodabakhshi Kooalee, 2008).ObjectivesPropose of this study is to identify mental health distress in mothers with Autism children.Methods50 mothers who had a child with Autism (APA, 2002) and 50 mothers who had not a child with Autism (control healthy group) selected in present study. A total 100 mothers were answered General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) Persian version. The mean of age of children was 10.50 years old.ResultsThe results indicated health -related distress (GHQ) was markedly increased in comparison to healthy controls. Mothers with Autism children reported high level of depression and Anxiety disorder than healthy group. Also, 66% of mothers reports very low level social function.ConclusionAccording to the results, mothers with Autistic Children experiences high level of stress and mental health problems. It is noteworthy to noted, the psycho-educational family, social network and supportive psychotherapy are offer to these mothers and other member of family.
Transgenerational transfer of family secret - case presentation
Authors: Kravic N. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveWe wanted to show how the family secret of adoption can influence even second generation of members.Case studyGirl 15 years of age, high school first grade lived in complete family with older brother and younger sister. Father was a rigid structure, difficult in communication with other family members except youngest daughter. For a first check up she had come with her mother (previously psychiatry treated of depression). Girl was very depressed (CDI 24), her appearance expressed hopelessness, repeatedly thought about suicide, did not accomplish anything she wanted, to study for nurse, or an actress. Two years ago looking through some papers, she had find out that her mother was adopted as a baby, that changed her all life, relationship toward grandparents, could not study, focus on anything else. Just a few days ago she admitted to her mother that she knows a secret about her origins. Her mother also find out that she was adopted when she was 14 (the same age when her daughter find it out), some girls in the school told that to her. Finding out the truth was very devastating for her too.ConclusionTrans - generational transfer of family secret came to resonance of unconscious and girl find out the truth almost in the same age as mother. It has had stressful effect, but also influence trust, and cause anger and feeling of exclusion. Silence has aggressive except protective function. Adolescence as vulnerable developmental age made this girl more sensitive for this.
Family healthcare and ADHD in france
Authors: Lecendreux M. , Gétin C. , Keddad K. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a lifetime neuro-developmental disorder, which causes severe impairment in children and adolescents. A recent epidemiological study of children presenting with ADHD in France suggests an estimated prevalence of ADHD of 3.5-5.6%.ObjectivesA survey was conducted to gather information from the families of children with ADHD about the care pathway in France in order to improve understanding of the needs in this field.MethodologyThe survey was conducted between July and August 2009 via an online questionnaire, which was sent to 1217 families registered with the French ADHD association.ResultsThe survey response rate was 23% and key findings include the following. Symptoms at school were the key driver in healthcare demand in 77% of cases. Waiting time for an appointment with a specialist averaged 8.2 months. More than 80% of parents felt involved in the choice of care for their children, while only 41% of families considered themselves well-informed during the diagnostic process. Of the 70% of children receiving ADHD medication at the time of the survey, 97% showed good adherence to treatment on school days.ConclusionThe survey results suggest that the care pathway for ADHD in France is lengthy, with the average time taken before a specialist consultation estimated to be about one school year. Recognition of ADHD appears to originate at school rather than in a preventive manner by the healthcare system.The survey was supported by Shire Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Feeling life is not worth living: A cross sectional study of Greek adolescents
Authors: Magklara K. , Bellos S.A. , Gkatsa T. , Mihalis G. , Mavreas V.G. , Skapinakis P. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThoughts of feeling life is not worth living could be the initial stage of a continuum that might end in a suicide.ObjectivesPsychiatric morbidity is quite prevalent among adolescents and has been associated with suicidal ideation.AimsOur aim was to test the association between thoughts that life is not worth living and psychiatric morbidity in a sample of Greek adolescents.MethodsA two-phase cross sectional study of 5614 adolescents aged 16–18 years old attending 25 senior high schools in Greece. A stratified random sample of 2431 subjects was selected for a detailed interview at the second phase. Psychiatric morbidity and thoughts of life is not worth living were assessed with the revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R). Odds ratios adjusted for age and sex were computed for the association between such thoughts and CIS-R scores.Results3,72% of the adolescents (girls:5,11%, boys:2,36%, p < 0.001) reported thoughts of feeling life is not worth living in the week before interview. Psychiatric morbidity correlated significantly with those thoughts (OR = 1.16, 95% Confidence Intervals: 1.14–1.19). The level of psychiatric morbidity was strongly associated with such thoughts with higher levels of distress showing a greater association (Table 1).[Table 1]ConclusionsPolicies aiming at preventing the overall burden of psychiatric disease in adolescence may reduce the frequency of thoughts that life is not worth living, which could eventually lead to a decrease in completed suicides.
Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms in children with autistic spectrum disorder
Authors: Mohareri F. , Soltanifar A. , Soltanifar A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThere is little study about attention deficit hyperactivity Symptoms in children with PDD In the present study we evaluated the co-occurrence rate of ADHD and its subtypes according to DSM-IV-TR in children with high functioning PDD.MethodParticipants were recruited from the consecutive referrals to the child and adolescent psychiatric clinics in Ebne Sina and Sheikh Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. We selected 3–12 year old individuals who had PDD according to DSM IV-TR who had verbal or performance IQ of 70 or higher on WISC-III. The diagnosis was made by a certified child and adolescent psychiatrist. Subjects were divided into two age groups (children aged 3–7 and children aged 8–12). Forty children with the mentioned criteria were included in the sample.ResultsAmong 40 subjects 31 children 22 boys and 9 girls (77/5%) met the DSM- IV-TR diagnostic criteria for ADHD. Fifteen children with combined type (37/5%), 11 with predominantly inattentive type (27/5%) and 5 with predominantly hyperactive impulsive type (12/5%). The co occurrence rate of ADHD with PDD subtypes were 69/5 For Autistic Disorder and 51/5 For As /PPD NOS without a statistical significant difference (P = 0/078). The co occurrence rate of ADHD in 2 age groups were 36/3 (20 of 31) for the older group and 66/7 (11 of 31) for the younger group without a statistical Significant difference (P = 0/5). Discussion: The high co occurrence rate of ADHD in children with Autism spectrum disorder found in our study strongly indicates a clinical need to assess AD/HD symptoms in children with PDD.
Health-related quality of life in children and adolescents with stroke, self-report and parent/proxy report: Cross sectional investigation
Authors: Neuner B. , von Mackensen S. , Friedfeld S. , DeVeber G. , Nowak-Göttl U. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundAim of the present study was to assess health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) by self and proxy-parent assessment in children and adolescents who survived a first stroke episode.MethodsWe investigated HR-QoL in 133 pediatric stroke survivors (71 preschool children (G1) aged 4 to < 8 years and 62 school children/adolescents (G2) aged 8 to 21 years) and in 169 healthy controls aged 4 – 16 years. HR-QoL was assessed with the generic KINDL-R questionnaire exploring overall well-being and 6 sub-dimensions (physical well-being, psychological well-being, self-esteem, family-related well-being, friend-related well-being, and school-related well-being. Proxy-parent reports explored overall well-being and sub-dimensions. Results were compared within groups between cases and controls. In pediatric stroke survivors the neurological long-term outcome was measured with the standardized Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure.Results65% of stroke survivors exhibited at least one motor-sensor/cognitive disability. G1 and G2 stroke survivors reported lower overall well-being compared with healthy controls. In G2 stroke survivors, friend-related well-being was significantly reduced compared with healthy controls, 85.0 vs. 73.0 points, p < 0.001. Parents/proxys of both G1 and G2 stroke survivors rated the overall well-being and all sub-dimensions (except family-related and school-related well-being and in G1 stroke survivors physical functioning) lower compared with parent/proxys of healthy children/adolescents.InpretationOur results suggest that the KINDL-R questionnaire is a useful tool in the assessment of HR-QoL in pediatric stroke survivors. Compared with healthy controls, all pediatric/adolescent stroke survivors are strongly affected regarding their overall well-being and older children/adolescents regarding their well-being with peers.
P01-331-Family functioning of adolescents with a major depressive disorder – a comparative study
Authors: Perereira M.L. , Nunes Peçanha D.L. , Santos Bordin I.A. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionPsychiatric disorders occur in a complex context of human relations in its social and psychological aspects. Family functioning is closely related to physical and psychological well-being of family members and its impairment affects the family as a whole.ObjectivesTo evaluate family functioning in two groups of adolescents (13–18 years): cases (with major depressive disorder) and controls (with no DSM-IV psychiatric disorders based on the Brazilian version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Age Children-Present and Lifetime/K-SADS-PL).MethodFamilies of cases (N = 9) and controls (N = 9) were matched by adolescent's age, gender and education, number and age of siblings, parental marital status and occupational activity, and family income. An experienced systemic family therapist applied the Structured Family Interview to each family. Nine dimensions of family functioning were evaluated: communication, rules, roles, leadership, conflict, aggressiveness, affect, individuation and integration. Session transcripts were independently evaluated by two other systemic family therapists blind to the family case-control category.ResultsRaters scored all interview items using a standardized coding system (overall agreement = 83.5%). Cases exhibited lower mean scores in seven family dimensions, specially affect (p = 0.0078). Differences were not found regarding rules and leadership.ConclusionDifficulty in expressing affect in parent-child relationships was the main characteristic of families with a depressive adolescent. Improvement of family functioning can contribute to minimize the negative influence of psychosocial and family factors on the reoccurrence, and severity of depressive episodes among depressed adolescents.
P01-339-Comparing of psychiatric co- morbidity disorders in primary school students with adhd subtypes (attention deficit, hyperactivity, combined) in academic year of 2009–2010 in arak-iran
Authors: Salehi B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionADHD is one of the most prevalent psychiatric disorders in children.ObjectiveADHD have co-morbidity with many other psychiatric disorders.AimsAim of this study was Comparing of prevalence of three subtypes of ADHD with psychiatric co- morbidity in primary school students of Arak-Iran.MethodsThis study was a descriptive analytic, cross- sectional one, which carried on 2000 (960 girls and 1040 boys) primary school students in 1st state of Arak in academic year of 2009–2010, which screened by Intelligence Raiven scale and 48 Canner’s questionnaire (parents and teachers)and if there were existed of any subtypes of ADHD, we have done K-SADS-E questionnaire (Schedule for Affective disorder and Schizophrenia -epidemiological version)for them, data were analyzed by using descriptive- statistical methods and Logistic- regression for obtaining R. R.Results2.3, 3.5 and 2.7 percent of children have one of the subtypes of ADHD. The findings showed that prevalence of hyperactivity and attention deficit subtypes decreased while combined type increased by increased age. The prevalence of two subtypes of hyperactivity and attention deficit in boys and girls were not significantly different but combined type was significantly different. Finally, there were differences between ADHD subtypes and co- morbidity of psychiatric disorders such as conduct, depressive, enuresis, schizophrenia, oppositional, obsessive- compulsive, mania and social phobia, but these differences were not significant between girls and boys.ConclusionsPrevalence of subtypes of ADHD were different between age and gender but there were not significant differences between Co morbidity of ADHD subtypes and psychiatric disorders