bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of negative cognitive bias on NSSI: mediating non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies
Authors: Han Xuanye , Zhang Yuhuan , Chen Dong , Sun Jingyan , Di Zhixin , Yang Zi , He Huanchen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Individuals may be more likely to engage in NSSI due to negative cognitive bias, while the use of negative emotional regulation mechanisms may further contribute to NSSI. Currently, there is a dearth of studies regarding the correlation among the three variables.

Method
The study employed convenience sampling to collect data via online platforms from a total of 572 college students in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, over the period of January 2024 to February 2024. The questionnaires comprise the Non-Adaptive Cognitive Emotion Srategy Regulation Subscale, the Negative Cognitive Processing Bias Questionnaire, and the NSSI Questionnaire.

Outcome
Negative cognitive bias significantly and directly influences NSSI, as indicated by a beta coefficient of 0.3788 and a confidence interval of [0.2878, 0.4698]. The existence of negative cognitive bias significantly enhances the impact of non-adaptive cognitive emotion control approaches (β = 0.5613, CI [0.4808, 0.6418]). Non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies showed a significant effect on NSSI, as indicated by a beta coefficient of 0.2033 and a confidence interval of [0.0942, 0.3125]. The non-adaptive cognitive emotion control strategy serves as an intermediary between negative cognitive bias and NSSI, explaining 30.12% of the overall impact.

In conclusion
The results demonstrate that non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies play a partially moderating role in the relationship between negative cognitive bias and NSSI among nursing students. We emphasize the importance of non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, negative cognitive biases, and NSSI among nursing students. In order to reduce the occurrence of NSSI, it is important for schools, families, and teachers to work together closely and implement a well-organized and efficient intervention to protect the mental well-being of nursing students.
Abusive supervision and nursing students’ intention to leave the nursing profession: a moderated mediation model of emotional exhaustion and the nurse-patient relationship
Authors: Hong Youjuan , Chen Meijing , Chen Caimei , Qiu Meichai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Exploration of the relationship between nursing students’ abusive supervision and their future intention to leave the nursing profession before completing the final clinical practicum is critical to the issue of nursing staff shortages and how to alleviate them. In order to further dissect the factors influencing turnover intention among student nurses in clinical practice, our study used the conservation of resources theory and job demands-resources model to explain the specific pathways that influence student nurses’ intention to leave the nursing profession, with particular focus on nursing students’ personality traits and certain organizational factors.

Method
This study followed a cross-sectional design. Between March and May 2022, a convenience sampling method was used to select 531 nursing students from two medical universities in Fuzhou. The Abusive Supervision, Emotional Exhaustion, Nurse-Patient Relationship, and Turnover Intention Scales were employed to collect data. The PROCESS macro (Models 4 and 7) for SPSS 25.0 by Hayes and 5,000 bootstrap samples were used to examine the moderation and mediation impacts.

Results
Abusive supervision was found to significantly positively predict nursing students’ intention to leave the nursing profession. Emotional exhaustion significantly mediated the relationship between abusive supervision and an intention to leave the nursing profession. The moderating effect of the nurse-patient relationship in the mediation model was also found to be significant.

Conclusions
Abusive supervision by clinical teaching staff is a work-related stressor that leads to emotional exhaustion, consequently decreasing nursing students’ future intention to work as a nurse. A nurse-patient relationship based on trust could buffer the negative effect of abusive supervision on emotional exhaustion. Healthcare organizations and nurse educators should implement programs that educate and train individuals about abusive supervision, emotion regulation, and positive nurse-patient relationships; this would serve to decrease nursing students’ intention to leave the nursing profession. This study provides relevant implications for helping nursing instructors develop effective intervention strategies to retain talented nursing personnel.
Oleanolic acid and its analogues: promising therapeutics for kidney disease
Authors: Pan Dan , Qu Yilun , Shi Chunru , Xu Cheng , Zhang Jie , Du Hongjian , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKidney diseases pose a significant threat to human health due to their high prevalence and mortality rates. Worryingly, the clinical use of drugs for kidney diseases is associated with more side effects, so more effective and safer treatments are urgently needed. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a common pentacyclic triterpenoid that is widely available in nature and has been shown to have protective effects in kidney disease. However, comprehensive studies on its role in kidney diseases are still lacking. Therefore, this article first explores the botanical sources, pharmacokinetics, derivatives, and safety of OA, followed by a summary of the anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative stress, autophagy-enhancing, and antifibrotic effects of OA and its analogues in renal diseases, and an analysis of the molecular mechanisms, aiming to provide further insights for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of kidney diseases.
Placental growth factor promotes neural invasion and predicts disease prognosis in resectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: Göhrig Andreas , Hilfenhaus Georg , Rosseck Friederike , Welzel Martina , Moser Benjamin , Barbone Gianluca , Kunze Catarina Alisa , Rein Johannes , Wilken Gregor , Böhmig Michael , Malinka Thomas , Tacke Frank , Bahra Marcus , Detjen Katharina M. , Fischer Christian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Surgery represents the only curative treatment option for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), but recurrence in more than 85% of patients limits the success of curative-intent tumor resection. Neural invasion (NI), particularly the spread of tumor cells along nerves into extratumoral regions of the pancreas, constitutes a well-recognized risk factor for recurrence. Hence, monitoring and therapeutic targeting of NI offer the potential to stratify recurrence risk and improve recurrence-free survival. Based on the evolutionary conserved dual function of axon and vessel guidance molecules, we hypothesize that the proangiogenic vessel guidance factor placental growth factor (PlGF) fosters NI. To test this hypothesis, we correlated PlGF with NI in PDAC patient samples and functionally assessed its role for the interaction of tumor cells with nerves.

Methods
Serum levels of PlGF and its soluble receptor sFlt1, and expression of PlGF mRNA transcripts in tumor tissues were determined by ELISA or qPCR in a retrospective discovery and a prospective validation cohort. Free circulating PlGF was calculated from the ratio PlGF/sFlt1. Incidence and extent of NI were quantified based on histomorphometric measurements and separately assessed for intratumoral and extratumoral nerves. PlGF function on reciprocal chemoattraction and directed neurite outgrowth was evaluated in co-cultures of PDAC cells with primary dorsal-root-ganglia neurons or Schwann cells using blocking anti-PlGF antibodies.

Results
Elevated circulating levels of free PlGF correlated with NI and shorter overall survival in patients with PDAC qualifying for curative-intent surgery. Furthermore, high tissue PlGF mRNA transcript levels in patients undergoing curative-intent surgery correlated with a higher incidence and greater extent of NI spreading to tumor-distant extratumoral nerves. In turn, more abundant extratumoral NI predicted shorter disease-free and overall survival. Experimentally, PlGF facilitated directional and dynamic changes in neurite outgrowth of primary dorsal-root-ganglia neurons upon exposure to PDAC derived guidance and growth factors and supported mutual chemoattraction of tumor cells with neurons and Schwann cells.

Conclusion
Our translational results highlight PlGF as an axon guidance factor, which fosters neurite outgrowth and attracts tumor cells towards nerves. Hence, PlGF represents a promising circulating biomarker of NI and potential therapeutic target to improve the clinical outcome for patients with resectable PDAC.

Graphical Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency and VDR gene polymorphism FokI (rs2228570) are associated with diabetes mellitus in adults: COVID-inconfidentes study
Authors: Moura Samara Silva de , de Menezes-Júnior Luiz Antônio Alves , Rocha Ana Maria Sampaio , Batista Aline Priscila , Sabião Thaís da Silva , de Menezes Mariana Carvalho , Machado-Coelho George Luiz Lins , Carraro Júlia Cristina Cardoso , Meireles Adriana Lúcia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic and multifactorial condition, including environmental risk factors such as lifestyle habits and genetic conditions.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the association of VDR gene polymorphism (rs2228570) FokI and vitamin D levels with diabetes in adults.

Methods
Cross-sectional population-based study in adults, conducted from October to December 2020 in two Brazilian cities. The outcome variable was diabetes, defined as glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5% or self-report medical diagnosis or use of oral hypoglycemic drugs. Vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) was measured by indirect electrochemiluminescence, and classified as deficiency when 25(OH)D < 20 ng/mL. All participants were genotyped for VDR FokI polymorphism by qPCR and classified as homozygous mutant (ff or GG), heterozygous (Ff or AG), or homozygous wild (FF or AA). A combined analysis between the FokI polymorphism and vitamin D levels with diabetes was also examined. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) was used to select minimal and sufficient adjustment for confounding variables by the backdoor criterion.

Results
The prevalence of DM was 9.4% and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was 19.9%. The genotype distribution of FokI polymorphism was 9.9% FF, 44.8% Ff, and 45.3% ff. It was possible to verify a positive association between vitamin D deficiency and DM (OR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.06–4.50). Individuals with the altered allele (ff) had a 1.78 higher prevalence of DM (OR: 1.78; 95% CI; 1.10–2.87). Combined analyses, individuals with vitamin D deficiency and one or two copies of the altered FokI allele had a higher prevalence of DM (Ff + ff: OR: 1.67; 95% CI; 1.07–2.61; ff: OR: 3.60; 95% CI; 1.40–9.25).

Conclusion
Our data suggest that vitamin D deficiency and FokI polymorphism are associated with DM.

Graphical abstract
CGRP as a potential mediator for the sexually dimorphic responses to traumatic brain injury
Authors: Li Chunyan , Ajmal Erum , Alok Khaled , Powell Keren , Wadolowski Steven , Tambo Willians , Turpin Justin , Barthélemy Ernest , Al-Abed Yousef , LeDoux David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The outcomes of traumatic brain injury (TBI) exhibit variance contingent upon biological sex. Although female sex hormones exert neuroprotective effects, the administration of estrogen and progesterone has not yielded conclusive results. Hence, it is conceivable that additional mediators, distinct from female sex hormones, merit consideration due to their potential differential impact on TBI outcomes. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) exhibits sexually dimorphic expression and demonstrates neuroprotective effects in acute brain injuries. In this study, we aimed to examine sex-based variations in TBI structural and functional outcomes with respect to CGRP expression.

Methods
Male and female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to controlled cortical impact to induce severe TBI, followed by interventions with and without CGRP inhibition. In the acute phase of TBI, the study centered on elucidating the influence of CGRP on oxidative stress, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling in the peri-impact tissue. Subsequently, during the chronic phase of TBI, the investigation expanded to evaluate CGRP expression in relation to lesion volume, microvascular dysfunction, and white matter injury, as well as working and spatial memory, anxiety-like, and depression-like behaviors in subjects of both sexes.

Results
Female rats exhibited elevated levels of CGRP in the peri-impact brain tissue during both baseline conditions and in the acute and chronic phases of TBI, in comparison to age-matched male counterparts. Enhanced CGRP levels in specific brain sub-regions among female rats correlated with superior structural and functional outcomes following TBI compared to their male counterparts. CGRP inhibition induced heightened oxidative stress and a reduction in the expression of Nrf2 and eNOS in both male and female rats, with the observed alteration being more pronounced in females than in males.

Conclusions
This study marks the inaugural identification of CGRP as a downstream mediator contributing to the sexually dimorphic response observed in TBI outcomes.
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomal lncRNA GAS5 mitigates heart failure by inhibiting UL3/Hippo pathway-mediated ferroptosis
Authors: Ren Yu , Zhao Xingsheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Exosomes (Exos) are involved in the therapeutic effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on heart failure (HF). We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of BMSC-Exos in ferroptosis on HF.

Methods
A rat model of HF and cellular model of hypoxia were established. BMSC-Exos were injected into model rats or co-cultured with model cells. In model rats, the cardiac function (echocardiography), oxidative stress (commercial kits), pathological damage (HE staining), fibrosis (MASSON staining), iron deposition (Prussian blue staining), and cell apoptosis (TUNEL staining) were examined. Viability (cell counting kit-8; CCK-8), cell cycle (flow cytometry), oxidative stress, and Fe2+ levels were detected in the model cells. GAS5, UL3, YAP, and TAZ expression were detected using qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry analyses.

Results
BMSC-Exos restored cardiac function and inhibited oxidative stress, apoptosis, pathological damage, fibrosis, and iron deposition in myocardial tissues of HF rats. In hypoxic cells, BMSC-Exos increased cell viability, decreased the number of G1 phase cells, decreased Fe2+ levels, and inhibited oxidative stress. Ferrostatin-1 (a ferroptosis inhibitor) exhibited a synergistic effect with BMSC-Exos. Additionally, GAS5 was upregulated in BMSC-Exos, further upregulating its target UL3 and Hippo pathway effectors (YAP and TAZ). The relieving effects of BMSC-Exos on HF or hypoxia-induced injury were enhanced by GAS5 overexpression, but weakened by UL3 silencing or verteporfin (a YAP inhibitor).

Conclusions
GAS5-harbouring BMSC-Exos inhibited ferroptosis by regulating the UL3/Hippo pathway, contributing to HF remission in vivo and in vitro.
The role of cognitive flexibility on higher level executive functions in mild cognitive impairment and healthy older adults
Authors: Corbo Ilaria , Troisi Giovanna , Marselli Giulia , Casagrande Maria 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a preclinical condition between healthy and pathological aging, which is characterized by impairments in executive functions (EFs), including cognitive flexibility. According to Diamond’s model, cognitive flexibility is a core executive function, along with working memory and inhibition, but it requires the development of these last EFs to reach its full potential. In this model, planning and fluid intelligence are considered higher-level EFs. Given their central role in enabling individuals to adapt their daily life behavior efficiently, the goal is to gain valuable insight into the functionality of cognitive flexibility in a preclinical form of cognitive decline. This study aims to investigate the role of cognitive flexibility and its components, set-shifting and switching, in MCI. The hypotheses are as follows: (I) healthy participants are expected to perform better than those with MCI on cognitive flexibility and higher-level EFs tasks, taking into account the mediating role of global cognitive functioning; (II) cognitive flexibility can predict performance on higher-level EFs (i.e., planning and fluid intelligence) tasks differently in healthy individuals and those diagnosed with MCI.

Methods
Ninety participants were selected and divided into a healthy control group (N = 45; mean age 64.1 ± 6.80; 66.6% female) and an MCI group (N = 45; mean age 65.2 ± 8.14; 40% female). Cognitive flexibility, fluid intelligence, planning, and global cognitive functioning of all participants were assessed using standardized tasks.

Results
Results indicated that individuals with MCI showed greater impairment in global cognitive functioning and EFs performance. Furthermore, the study confirms the predictive role of cognitive flexibility for higher EFs in individuals with MCI and only partially in healthy older adults.
From the grave to the lab: evaluation of archaeological human bone preservation based on micro-computed tomography analysis
Authors: Xi Yihang , Ling Xue , Chen Liang , Li Naisheng , Wang Hao , Wang Jun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Timely understanding of the preservation status of archaeological human bones is the foundation for conducting scientific archaeological work. This paper applies Micro-CT technology to analyze the microscopic preservation status of ancient human femora unearthed from the Rui State site in Liangdai Village, Hancheng, Shaanxi, the Chejiasi Cemetery in Baoji, and the Ouerping Cemetery in Xizhou Village, Yushe, Shanxi, and obtained imaging results and cortical bone porosity (Ct.Po), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and bone density (BMD) parameters for 9 samples. The results show that the poorly preserved fragile group has lower Ct.Po, BV/TV, and BMD, and macroscopically presents fragile and porous features; while the well-preserved dense group has relatively higher Ct.Po, BV/TV, and BMD, and macroscopically appears solid and dense. This study employs Micro-CT technology to analyze the micro-preservation status of human bones from historical periods, confirming the effectiveness of this technology in revealing the microstructure of ancient human bones, and providing a reference for establishing a human bone preservation status evaluation system.
Advancing skeletal health and disease research with single-cell RNA sequencing
Authors: Lin Peng , Gan Yi-Bo , He Jian , Lin Si-En , Xu Jian-Kun , Chang Liang , Zhao Li-Ming , Zhu Jun , Zhang Liang , Huang Sha , Hu Ou , Wang Ying-Bo , Jin Huai-Jian , Li Yang-Yang , Yan Pu-Lin , Chen Lin , Jiang Jian-Xin , Liu Peng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrthopedic conditions have emerged as global health concerns, impacting approximately 1.7 billion individuals worldwide. However, the limited understanding of the underlying pathological processes at the cellular and molecular level has hindered the development of comprehensive treatment options for these disorders. The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revolutionized biomedical research by enabling detailed examination of cellular and molecular diversity. Nevertheless, investigating mechanisms at the single-cell level in highly mineralized skeletal tissue poses technical challenges. In this comprehensive review, we present a streamlined approach to obtaining high-quality single cells from skeletal tissue and provide an overview of existing scRNA-seq technologies employed in skeletal studies along with practical bioinformatic analysis pipelines. By utilizing these methodologies, crucial insights into the developmental dynamics, maintenance of homeostasis, and pathological processes involved in spine, joint, bone, muscle, and tendon disorders have been uncovered. Specifically focusing on the joint diseases of degenerative disc disease, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis using scRNA-seq has provided novel insights and a more nuanced comprehension. These findings have paved the way for discovering novel therapeutic targets that offer potential benefits to patients suffering from diverse skeletal disorders.
Acoustic change complex (ACC) as a new tool in assessment of hearing aid performance in children
Authors: Shalaby Amani Ahmed , El-Kholy Wafaa Abdel-Hay , El-kabarity Rasha Hamdy , Abd-Alfattah Mona , Shafik Noha Ali 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the clinical use of acoustic change complex (ACC) as an objective tool in children who use hearing aids (H.As) and explore how far ACC threshold could be correlated to behavioral measures.

Study design
Sixty Arabic-speaking children (34 boys & 26 girls) using binaural H.As participated in the present study. Their age ranged from 6 to 12 years. The short stimulus used in the present study to elicit ACC response was “gap in tone.” Evaluation of H.As of children was performed in the form of questionnaire, aided sound field thresholds, central auditory tests, and aided/unaided cortical ACC recordings. The replicated ACC waveforms were collected and analyzed, and the aided ACC responses were compared with unaided ACC in addition to correlation of ACC-GDT to behavioral thresholds/scores.

Results
The highest percent of ACC detectability achieved with gap in tone with 50-ms duration. Percent detectability reached 65% in aided condition and decreased to 25% in unaided test condition. The aided ACC wave morphology showed no significant difference when compared with unaided condition; however, a significant decrease in ACC latency was observed in the aided condition. The ACC response was elicited easily at 40-dB sensation levels or at MCL in both conditions. The ACC-GDT showed correlation to questionnaire scores rather than behavioral test (AFT).

Conclusions
ACC to relatively short duration stimulus can be successfully recorded in hearing-impaired children in aided and unaided conditions. ACC response parameters (detectability and P1 latency) can reflect the benefit from H.As as an objective measure in evaluation of young children and difficult to test subjects with the usual subjective measures, and finally, ACC-GDT may add a predictive value to questionnaire scores which may help in case of inability of parents or caregivers to fulfill the entire questionnaire items.