bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma—diagnostic challenge in cytology
Authors: Molek Koraljka Rajković , Seili‐Bekafigo Irena , Štemberger Christophe , Jonjić Nives , Đordević Gordana , Duletić‐Načinović Antica 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPlasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a very rare variant of urothelial carcinoma with an aggressive clinical course. According to small series reported to date, it is a high grade cancer usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, and with poor prognosis. Descriptions of the cytologic features of this type of carcinoma in literature are limited. Plasmacytoid appearance of tumor cells could cause diagnostic dilemma and potential incorrect diagnosis as multiple myeloma (MM). This report describes cerebrospinal fluid, bone marrow, and urine sediment cytomorphologic and immunocytochemical findings in a patient with meningeal carcinomatosis as the first manifestation of a PUC, initially misdiagnosed as MM with a brief review of the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013;41:369–373. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differences in whey protein content between cow's milk collected in late pasture and early indoor feeding season from conventional and organic farms in Poland
Authors: Kuczyńska Beata , Puppel Kamila , Gołȩbiewski Marcin , Metera Ewa , Sakowski Tomasz , Słoniewski Krzysztof 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to investigate bioactive whey protein concentrations in cow's milk collected in late pasture (LP) and early indoor feeding (EIF) season from conventional and organic farms in Poland.RESULTS: Results showed that in the LP somatic cell count (SCC) was higher under organic farming conditions. However, percentages of protein and fat were higher under conventional farming conditions. In EIF, milk from conventional dairy farms had a higher percentage of fat and lactose and a lower concentration of protein and SCC in comparison to milk from organic farms. Organic milk in LP had higher concentrations of beneficial whey proteins than conventional milk, including β‐lactoglobulin (β‐Lg, 4.12 vs. 2.68 g L−1), lactoferrin (Lf, 334.99 vs. 188.02 mg L−1), and lysozyme (Lz, 15.68 vs. 12.56 µg L−1). However, conventional milk in EIF had higher concentrations of bovine serum albumin (146.47 vs. 118.65 mg L−1), Lf (49 vs. 185.27 mg L−1), and Lz (16.63 vs. 13.22 µg L−1).CONCLUSIONS: The results show significant differences in the investigated parameters between organic milk and milk from conventional system during EIF and LP. Moreover, extending the pasture season during EIF in organic farms decreases concentration of bioactive compounds of milk. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Day‐length effects on protein localisation affect water absorption in barley (Hordeum vulgare) grains
Authors: Holopainen Ulla R M , Wilhelmson Annika , Home Silja , Poutanen Kaisa , Shewry Peter R 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hordeins are major storage proteins of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) grains and are considered to influence malting and brewing by forming a matrix surrounding the starch granules which affects the release of fermentable sugars. However, the extent to which environmental factors affect hordein location, and the impact of this on malting performance, have not so far been studied. Therefore the relationship of hordein location to water uptake and malting quality were studied by growing barley cv. Barke under different daylengths (14 h and 18 h of light) in controlled environment conditions.RESULTS:Differences in the locations of hordein storage proteins were observed, with C hordein being located more deeply within the endosperm of both developing grains at 35 days after anthesis and in mature grains under long‐day conditions. This deeper location of C hordein was correlated positively with water uptake during the steeping phase of malting.CONCLUSION:An effect of environment (daylength) on the localisation of C hordein was demonstrated. This difference in hordein localisation was also associated with differences in malting quality with water uptake in the steeping phase being associated positively with the deeper location of C hordein. These results indicate that environmental effects on protein location may affect malting performance of barley grains. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Dietary fatty acid intervention of lactating cows simultaneously affects lipid profiles of meat and milk
Authors: Angulo Joaquin , Hiller Beate , Olivera Martha , Mahecha Liliana , Dannenberger Dirk , Nuernberg Gerd , Losand Bernd , Nuernberg Karin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The present study investigated tissue‐specific responses of muscle and mammary gland to a 10 week intervention of German Holstein cows (n = 18) with three different dietary fat supplements (saturated fat; linseed oil or sunflower oil plus docosahexaenoic acid‐rich algae) by analysing fatty acid profiles and quality parameters of meat and milk.RESULTS: Plant oil/algae intervention affected neither fat content nor quality parameters of meat but decreased fat content and saturated fatty acid amounts of milk. Linseed oil/algae intervention caused significantly higher concentrations of C18:3n‐3 (meat, 1.0 g per 100 g; milk, 1.2 g per 100 g) and C22:6n‐3 (meat, 0.3 g per 100 g; milk, 0.14 g per 100 g). Sunflower oil/algae intervention increased n‐6 fatty acid contents in milk (4.0 g per 100 g) but not in meat. Elevated amounts of C18:1trans isomers and C18:1trans‐11 were found in meat and especially in milk of plant oil/algae‐fed cows. C18:1cis‐9 amounts were found to be increased in milk but decreased in meat after plant oil/algae intervention.CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that dietary fatty acid manipulation substantially shifted the fatty acid profiles of milk and to a lesser extent of meat, whereas meat quality traits were not affected. Indications of tissue‐specific responses of mammary gland and muscle were identified. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Modeling of flow‐induced crystallization in blends of isotactic polypropylene and poly(ethylene‐co‐octene)
Authors: Yu Fengyuan , Zhang Zinan , Yu Wei , Zhou Chixing , Zhang Hongbin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPoly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (PEOc) has been shown to provide a high toughening contribution to isotactic polypropylene (iPP). The theoretical modeling of flow‐induced crystallization (FIC) of blends of iPP and PEOc is not much reported in the literature. The aim of the present work is to clarify the FIC of iPP upon addition of PEOc in terms of theoretical modeling. The crystallization of iPP and PEOc blends in flow is simulated by a modified FIC model based on the conformation tensor theory. Two kinds of flow fields, shear flow and elongational flow, are considered in the prediction to analyze the influence of flow field on the crystallization kinetics of the polymer. The simulation results show that the elongation flow is much more effective than shear flow in reducing the dimensionless induction time of polymer crystallization. In addition, the induction time of crystallization in the blends is sensitive to the change of shear rate. In comparison with experimental data, the modified model shows its validity for the prediction of the induction time of crystallization of iPP in the blends. Moreover, the simulated relaxation time for the blends becomes longer with increasing percentage of PEOc in the blends. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Higgs boson decay into 2 photons in the type II Seesaw model
Authors: Arhrib A. , Benbrik R. , Chabab M. , Moultaka G. , Rahili L. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

We study the two photon decay channel of the Standard Model-like component of the CP-even Higgs bosons present in the type II Seesaw Model. The corresponding cross-section is found to be significantly enhanced in parts of the parameter space, due to the (doubly-)charged Higgs bosons’ (H
±±)H
± virtual contributions, while all the other Higgs decay channels remain Standard Model(SM)-like. In other parts of the parameter space H
±± (and H
±) interfere destructively, reducing the two photon branching ratio tremendously below the SM prediction. Such properties allow to account for any excess such as the one reported by ATLAS/CMS at ≈ 125 GeV if confirmed by future data; if not, for the fact that a SM-like Higgs exclusion in the diphoton channel around 114-115 GeV as reported by ATLAS, does not contradict a SM-like Higgs at LEP(!), and at any rate, for the fact that ATLAS/CMS exclusion limits put stringent lower bounds on the H
±± mass, particularly in the parameter space regions where the direct limits from same-sign leptonic decays of H
±± do not apply.
Detection of recurrent prostate cancer with 18F-fluorocholine PET/CT in relation to PSA level at the time of imaging
Authors: Kwee Sandi A. , Coel Marc N. , Lim John 
Published: May 2012

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate fluorine-18 fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT for the detection of recurrent prostate cancer in relation to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level.

Methods
FCH PET/CT was performed in 50 patients with rising PSA levels at follow-up of primary treatment of prostate cancer (radical prostatectomy in 28, radiation therapy in 13, and brachytherapy in 9). PET detection rates were determined at various PSA thresholds and examined by receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results
Findings consistent with recurrent prostate cancer were noted on FCH PET/CT in 31/50 (62 %) patients, with positive findings in 17/18 (94 %), and 11/13 (85 %), 2/7 (29 %), and 1/12 (8 %) patients with PSA >4, >2–4, >0.5–2, and ≤0.5 ng/mL, respectively. These findings were indicative of local/regional recurrence in 23 cases and systemic recurrence in 8 cases, with only a single route of recurrence (i.e., either hematogenous, lymphatic, or intraprostatic) in 84 % of PET scans with positive findings. Abnormal tumor activity was detected in 88 % of patients with a PSA level of 1.1 ng/mL or higher, and in only 6 % of patients with a PSA level below this threshold value.

Conclusion
FCH PET/CT may serve to identify the route of tumor progression in patients with recurrent prostate cancer; however, the likelihood of tumor detection may be related to the PSA level at the time of imaging.
The influence of pre‐eclampsia on fetal lung maturity
Authors: Štimac Tea , Petrović Oleg , Krajina Robert , Finderle Aleks 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo use amniotic fluid (AF) lamellar body count (LBC) to assess the influence of pre‐eclampsia and associated pathologic conditions on fetal lung maturity (FLM).MethodsA prospective study was conducted to analyze 378 AF samples containing 5 mL of AF from 306 singleton pregnancies at 26–39 weeks. Stratified by gestational age groups, pregnancies were categorized as follows: pre‐eclampsia (n = 25); intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (n = 74); pre‐eclampsia and IUGR (n = 63); and control (n = 144). Amniotic fluid LBC in each group was estimated and medians were compared for defined gestational age periods. Statistical analyses were performed via non‐parametric tests.ResultsBetween 31 and 33 weeks, significantly lower median LBCs were found in the pre‐eclampsia group than in the IUGR group (P = 0.022) and in pregnancies with both entities (P = 0.031). Between 34 and 36 weeks, there were significantly lower median LBCs in the pre‐eclampsia and the pre‐eclampsia/IUGR groups than in the IUGR group (P = 0.026 and P = 0.004, respectively), as well as in the pre‐eclampsia/IUGR group compared with the control group (P = 0.04).ConclusionSignificantly lower LBCs in pre‐eclamptic pregnancies between 31 and 36 weeks of gestation indicate delayed FLM associated with pre‐eclampsia.
Understanding and recollection of the risks associated with cesarean delivery during the consent process
Authors: Odumosu Modupe , Pathak Sonu , Barnet‐Lamb Eleanor , Akin‐Deko Olayinka , Joshi Vaishali , Selo‐Ojeme Dan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate women's recall of information provided during the consent process for cesarean delivery, specifically the associated risks, 24 hours after the procedure.MethodsA prospective questionnaire‐based study was conducted at the Barnet and Chase Farm Hospitals NHS Trust between May 2009 and August 2010. Women who had undergone a cesarean delivery (planned or emergency) completed a self‐administered questionnaire 24 hours after delivery. Women who did not recall the risks associated with the procedure (group 1) were compared with those who did recall this information (group 2).ResultsA total of 554 women participated in the study. Group 1 (n = 140) were 4 times more likely to have undergone an emergency cesarean than group 2 (n = 414) (OR 4; 95% CI, 2.5–6.2). Group 2 were more to likely to have higher than secondary level education, 7 times more likely to have understood the explanation of the procedure (OR 6.9; 95% CI, 3.3–14.2), and 9 times more likely to recall that the risks had been explained (OR 9.4; 95% CI, 5.2–17.1). More women in group 1 reported that they would have liked to receive an information leaflet about cesarean delivery at the first prenatal visit.ConclusionOne in 4 women did not recall any risks associated with cesarean delivery shortly after the procedure and this group of women were less likely to understand or recall the details of the consent discussion.
Spatial reconstruction of semi-quantitative precipitation fields over Africa during the nineteenth century from documentary evidence and gauge data
Authors: Nicholson Sharon E. , Klotter Douglas , Dezfuli Amin K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe article presents a newly created precipitation data set for the African continent and describes the methodology used in its creation. It is based on a combination of proxy data and rain gauge records. The data set is semi-quantitative, with a “wetness” index of − 3 to + 3 to describe the quality of the rainy season. It covers the period AD 1801 to 1900 and includes data for 90 geographical regions of the continent. The results underscore a multi-decadal period of aridity early in the nineteenth century.
Isobath variation and trapping of continental shelf waves
Authors: Kaoullas G. , Johnson E. R. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSince Trösch (Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Applied Numerical Modeling, Tainan, Taiwan, 1984 (ed. H. M. Hsia, Y. L. Chou, S. Y. Wang & S. J. Hsieh) Science and Technology Series, vol. 63, 1986, pp. 307–311. American Astronautical Society) found trapped sub-inertial oscillations in computations of low-frequency variability in the Lake of Lugano, models of trapping have generally considered evenly spaced isobaths parallel to shorelines with approximate boundary conditions at any shelf–ocean boundary. Here an asymptotic analysis for slowly varying topography and accurate spectral computations demonstrate trapping on non-rectilinear shelves. It is shown that changes in any of three factors, isobath curvature, distance from the coast and the shelf-break, and the slope at the shelf-break, are sufficient on their own to give trapping. Continental shelves that abut smoothly onto the open ocean are considered thus avoiding the shelf–ocean boundary condition approximation and allowing the accuracy of previous approximations to be assessed.
Effects of heat-inactivatedLactobacillus gasseriTMC0356 on metabolic characteristics and immunity of rats with the metabolic syndrome
Authors: Shi Lei , Li Ming , Miyazawa Kenji , Li Yun , Hiramatsu Masaru , Xu Jiayu , Gong Cai , Jing Xiaofan , He Fang , Huang Chengyu 
Published: May 2012

The present study investigated the potential health-promoting effects of heat-inactivatedLactobacillus gasseriTMC0356 (TMC0356) on the metabolic syndrome (MS) and the probable mechanisms underlying these effects using an MS rat model. For the purpose of the study, sixty Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: a control group fed a conventional diet, an MS model group fed a high-fat and high-salt (HFS) diet and three TMC0356 test groups (low-, medium- and high-dose groups) fed an HFS diet supplemented with TMC0356 at 41·8, 83·5 and 167·0 mg/kg body weight (BW) per d, respectively. Food intake and BW were measured weekly. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP) were measured at 0, 5, 10 and 15 weeks. Organ coefficients, immune cell counts and serum insulin, adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, TNF-α, IgG and secretory IgA levels were measured at the 15th week after diet intervention. The HFS diet increased the BW, liver or fat:BW ratio, FBG, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, adiponectin, serum LDL-cholesterol and total cholesterol levels and BP (P< 0·01). Average food and energy intakes in the three TMC0356 groups were significantly lower than those of the MS model group. All the metabolic indices, except BP, were markedly improved (P< 0·05) by oral administration of low and medium doses of TMC0356. The thymus index in the medium-dose group and lymphocyte, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α and IgG levels in all the three TMC0356 groups were significantly increased (P< 0·05 orP< 0·01) compared with those in the MS model group. These results suggest that TMC0356 can improve the metabolic characteristics of MS rats by suppressing appetite. Additionally, the enhancement of inflammatory immune response may be, at least in part, the mechanism underlying the health-promoting effects of TMC0356 on the MS.
High-fat diet feeding induces a depot-dependent response on the pro-inflammatory state and mitochondrial function of gonadal white adipose tissue
Authors: Amengual-Cladera E. , Lladó I. , Proenza A. M. , Gianotti M. 
Published: May 2012

Obesity has been related to a chronic pro-inflammatory state affecting white adipose tissue (WAT), which has a great impact on carbohydrate, lipid and energy metabolism. In turn, the dysregulation of adipokine secretion derived from the accumulation of excess lipids in adipocytes further contributes to the development of insulin resistance and can be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to determine whether sexual dimorphism found in the systemic insulin sensitivity profile is related to sex differences in a high-fat diet (HFD) response of gonadal WAT at mitochondrial function and inflammatory profile levels. Wistar rats (10 weeks old) of both sexes were fed a control pelleted diet (3 % (w/w) fat;n8 for each sex) or a HFD (24 % (w/w) fat;n8 for each sex). Serum insulin sensitivity markers, mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors and the protein content of insulin and adiponectin signalling pathways were analysed, as well as the levels of the main markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, antioxidant defence and oxidative damage. In the present study, the periovarian depot exhibits a greater expandability capacity, along with a lower hypoxic and pro-inflammatory state, without signs of mitochondrial dysfunction or changes in its dynamics. In contrast, epididymal fat has a much more pronounced pro-inflammatory, hypoxic and insulin-resistant profile accompanied by changes in mitochondrial dynamics, probably associated with HFD-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Thus, this explains the worse serum insulin sensitivity profile of male rats.
Effects of abomasal infusion of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) oil on microbial β-glucuronidase activity and concentration of the mammalian lignan enterolactone in ruminal fluid, plasma, urine and milk of dairy cows
Authors: Côrtes Cristiano , da Silva-Kazama Daniele , Kazama Ricardo , Benchaar Chaouki , dos Santos Geraldo , Zeoula Lucia M. , Gagnon N. , Petit Hélène V. 
Published: May 2012

Ruminal microbiota plays an important role in the conversion of plant lignans into mammalian lignans. The main mammalian lignan present in the milk of dairy cows fed flax products is enterolactone (EL). The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effects of abomasal infusion of flax oil on the metabolism of flax lignans and concentrations of EL in biological fluids of dairy cows. A total of six rumen-cannulated dairy cows were assigned within a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of six treatments utilising flax hulls (0 and 15·9 % of DM) and abomasal infusion of flax oil (0, 250 and 500 g/d). There were six periods of 21 d each. Samples were collected during the last 7 d of each period and subjected to chemical analysis. Flax hull supplementation increased concentrations of EL in ruminal fluid, plasma, urine and milk, while flax oil infusion had no effect. Post-feeding, β-glucuronidase activity in the ruminal fluid of cows infused with 250 g flax oil was significantly lower for cows fed hulls than for those fed the control diet. The present study demonstrated that the presence of a rich source of n-3 fatty acids such as flax oil in the small intestine does not interfere with the absorption of the mammalian lignan EL and that lower ruminal β-glucuronidase activity had no effect on the conversion of flax lignans into EL in the rumen of dairy cows.
Sharing the Burden of the Border: Layered Security Co-operation and the Canada–US Frontier
Authors: von Hlatky Stéfanie , Trisko Jessica N. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract.Effectively managing the Canada–US border has emerged as a major security challenge post-9/11. Burden-sharing theories suggest that the United States would take the lead on border security due to its hegemonic role in ensuring North American security, while smaller nations such as Canada enjoy a free ride. We refute the free-rider hypothesis and propose an approach which accounts for the differentiated concerns held by contiguous states. By dedicating sizeable resources to the issue of border security and by appealing to advantageous negotiation strategies, Ottawa has leveraged its position as a secondary state vis-à-vis the United States. Efforts employed by the province of Quebec have bolstered Canada's relative influence in this issue area. We argue that Quebec and Ottawa perceived and acted on complementary interests which empowered the Canadian government to respond more forcefully to US-driven border security measures after 9/11. We conclude with alternative models to border security management, as well the practical implications of our argument.Résumé.Un des défis majeurs depuis le 11 septembre 2001 concerne la gestion de la frontière entre le Canada et les États-Unis. Les théories sur le partage du fardeau supposent que les États-Unis sont l'acteur dominant dans l'élaboration des politiques frontalières, assurant la sécurité du continent nord-américain. En contrepartie, les états secondaires, comme le Canada, se voient souvent attribuer le rôle du passager clandestin dans ces interactions. Cet article porte sur le partage du fardeau entre le Canada et les États-Unis en ce qui a trait à la sécurité frontalière. Nous réfutons l'hypothèse du passager clandestin en proposant une approche qui prend compte des préoccupations distinctes des deux états voisins. En investissant d'importantes ressources pour la gestion de la frontière et en appliquant des stratégies de négociations avantageuses, Ottawa a su surmonter son statut de puissance moyenne face aux États-Unis. Le Québec a contribué au renforcement de la position canadienne en agissant de concert avec Ottawa, puisque les deux paliers poursuivaient des intérêts complémentaires. Le résultat de cette coopération est une riposte cohérente et soutenue démontrée par le gouvernement canadien face aux mesures de sécurité initiées par les États-Unis après le 11 septembre. Enfin, nous discutons également des implications pratiques de notre argument en comparant les différents modèles dans la litérature portant sur la gestion de la sécurité frontalière.