bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haemolysis after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin due to anti‐A
Authors: Morgan S. , Sorensen P. , Vercellotti G. , Zantek N. D. 
Published: May 2011

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is used to treat an increasing number of conditions. IVIG contains immunoglobulin G (IgG) directed against many targets, including red blood cell (RBC) antigens. Methods/materials: We report on three patients identified within a 7‐month period in a single institution who developed haemolysis because of passively transferred anti‐A. Results: The patients were a 34‐year‐old A (non‐A1) D‐positive male with aplastic anaemia, a 61‐year‐old A1 D‐negative female with myasthenia gravis and a 57‐year‐old AB D‐positive female lung transplant recipient. The haemoglobin decreased from 11·1 to 5·3 g dL−1 over 2 days, 12·8 to 7·8 g dL−1 over 6 days and 7·8 to 6·0 g dL−1 over several hours, respectively. All three patients had a negative antibody screen, positive direct antiglobulin test for IgG only and an elution containing anti‐A1 reactivity. The patients were transfused with O RBC with an appropriate rise in haemoglobin. Conclusion: These cases illustrate the potential severity of haemolysis after IVIG because of passively transferred antibodies to blood group antigens. Lack of recognition of IVIG as a cause for haemolysis by clinicians may be further confounded if routine testing fails to detect the passively transferred ABO blood group antibodies.
Does targeting key‐containers effectively reduce Aedes aegypti population density?
Authors: Maciel‐de‐Freitas Rafael , Lourenço‐de‐Oliveira Ricardo 
Published: May 2011

SummaryObjectives  The elimination of Aedes aegypti breeding sites has been broadly adopted worldwide to keep vector population density below a critical threshold. We observed the effectiveness of targeting the most productive containers on adult A. aegypti females density, which was evaluated weekly.Methods and Results  Adult mosquitoes were collected weekly over 55 weeks and pupal surveys were done in intervals of 4 months to determine container productivity and guidelines for interventions. Pupal surveys indicated that water tanks (72% of pupae in first survey) and metal drums (30.7% of pupae in second survey) were the most productive container types. We observed a dramatic but short‐term decrease in weekly adult female A. aegypti density after covering 733 water tanks with nylon net. A long‐term decrease in female adult population density was achieved only when we covered both water tanks and metal drums. Overall, pupae abundance and pupae standing crop diminished after netting water tanks and metal drums. Pupae per person, per hectare and per house decreased gradually between the first and the third pupal surveys, suggesting that targeting the most productive container types (water tanks and metal drums) produced a reduction in adult population density and infestation levels.Conclusion  Overall, targeting the most productive container types caused the adult mosquito density to decrease over time, supporting the assumption that this intervention is an effective tool for dengue control. However, this effect was observed only when both water tanks and metal drums were covered, possibly due to the functional similarity between these container types, which are large, often shaded, perennial water storage containers.
Clinical significance of Aspergillus sensitisation in bronchial asthma
Authors: Agarwal Ritesh , Noel Vijay , Aggarwal Ashutosh N. , Gupta Dheeraj , Chakrabarti Arunaloke 
Published: May 2011

SummaryNumerous studies have suggested a link between fungal sensitisation and severity of asthma. However, few studies have specifically evaluated the relationship between Aspergillus sensitisation and asthma severity. This study was aimed at investigating the clinical significance of Aspergillus sensitisation in asthma. In this prospective cross‐sectional study, patients with asthma were subjected to pulmonary function test and an intradermal Aspergillus skin test (AST) apart from a detailed clinical history and physical examination. Assessment of asthma severity was carried according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations, Asthma Control Test (ACT) and the mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini AQLQ). Based on AST, the cases were dichotomised into Aspergillus‐sensitive and AST‐negative groups. There were 417 (193 males, 224 females; mean age, 34 years) asthmatic patients of whom 219 (52.5%) showed Aspergillus sensitisation. The severity of disease as per the GINA criteria and the dose of ICS required for asthma control were similar in the two groups. The Aspergillus‐sensitive group had poorer pulmonary function than the AST‐negative group [AST positive vs. negative: percentage predicted mean (SD) forced expiratory volume in the first second : 73.1(23.8) vs. 77.9(22.7), P = 0.04; mean (SD) FEV1/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio: 68.2(13.3) vs. 74.3(15.7), P = 0.0001]. The mini AQLQ scores were similar in the two groups. In the ACT, the numbers of patients in the domain pertaining to nocturnal awakenings were significantly higher in the Aspergillus‐sensitive group (P = 0.014). There was a weak association between Aspergillus sensitisation and severity of asthma. Whether Aspergillus sensitisation is causally linked to asthma severity remains to be seen.
Nutritionally Induced Relationships Between Insulin Levels During the Weaning‐to‐Ovulation Interval and Reproductive Characteristics in Multiparous Sows: I. Luteinizing Hormone, Follicle Development, Oestrus and Ovulation
Authors: Wientjes JGM , Soede NM , van den Brand H , Kemp B 
Published: May 2011

ContentsTo get more insight in how insulin secretion patterns and corresponding insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) levels are related to luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion, follicle development and ovulation, 32 multiparous sows were fed either a dextrose plus lactose‐containing diet at 4 h intervals (DL; each 150 g/day) or an isocaloric control diet at 12 h intervals (CTRL; containing soybean oil) during the weaning‐to‐ovulation interval (WOI). Insulin parameters (basal, peak levels and mean insulin) and IGF‐1 levels during the WOI were similar for both treatments, but the insulin secretion pattern differed (related with feeding frequency and meal sizes). Oestrus and ovulation characteristics were not influenced by treatment. The LH surge was higher in CTRL compared with DL sows (3.73 vs 3.00 ng/ml; p = 0.03). Average diameter (6.5 vs 6.1 mm; p = 0.08) and uniformity (CV: 11 vs 15%, p = 0.02) of follicles ≥3 mm at day 4 after weaning was higher in CTRL compared with DL sows. Basal insulin levels were positively related with follicle diameter at ovulation (β = 0.05 mm/(μU/ml); p = 0.04) and negatively related with LH surge level (β = −0.07 (ng/ml)/(μU/ml); p = 0.01). Insulin area under the curve (AUC) (β = 0.037 (ng/ml)/1000 μU; p = 0.02) and IGF‐1 levels (β = 0.002 (ng/ml)/(ng/ml); p < 0.01) were positively related to basal LH level around the LH surge. From these data, we conclude that insulin and IGF‐1 levels during the WOI are related to LH secretion and follicle development. Not only the absolute level of insulin seems important, but also the pattern within a day in which insulin is secreted seems to affect LH secretion and development of pre‐ovulatory follicles.
Comparative Study on 15‐Ketodihydro‐PGF2α Plasma Concentrations in Newborn Horses, Donkeys and Calves
Authors: Panzani S , Carluccio A , Probo M , Faustini M , Kindahl H , Veronesi MC 
Published: May 2011

ContentsThe aim of this study was to compare the plasma profiles of 15‐ketodihydro‐PGF2α (PGM) in healthy neonates of three different species from birth until the third week of life. Twenty‐four horse foals, 12 donkey foals, and 9 calves were studied. Blood samples were collected at 10, 20 and 30 min after birth, at 3, 24 and 72 h after birth, and at 7, 10, 17 and 21 days of life. All mothers experienced normal gestation lengths and normal, spontaneous deliveries. All newborns were judged mature and viable. Hormone concentrations were higher (p < 0.05) in horse foals 20 and 30 min after birth compared to later samples, and at 10 min in donkey foals compared to later samples (p < 0.05). In calves, higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of PGM were observed 10, 20, 30 min and 3 hours from parturition compared to later samples. These findings may be related to increased fetal placental unit production during parturition, while the relatively high PGF2α levels in the days after parturition may be connected with their role in completing organ maturation. Despite the existing differences between these species, the statistical analysis did not discover significant differences in PGM profiles during the first 3 weeks of life in donkey, horse and cattle newborns. The low levels observed 10 days after birth are possibly due to a fast completion of maturational development in these species.
Factors predicting outcome following airway stenting for post‐tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis
Authors: LIM SO YEON , PARK HYE KYEONG , JEON KYEONGMAN , UM SANG‐WON , KOH WON‐JUNG , SUH GEE YOUNG , CHUNG MAN PYO , KWON O JUNG , KIM HOJOONG 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Silicone airway stents are used to widen narrowed airways in patients with post‐tuberculosis tracheobronchial stenosis (PTTS). After mechanical stabilization, stents can be removed from the majority of patients leaving restored airway patency. However, in a significant minority re‐stenosis develops post‐sten removal thus necessitating surgical intervention or long‐term stenting. In this study, we sought to establish prognostic factors for successful airway intervention in PTTS.Methods:  We retrospectively investigated 71 patients who underwent silicone stenting due to PTTS. After stenting, bronchoscopic toileting and/or repositioning was performed during follow up. At 6–12 months after clinical stabilization, stents were planned to be removed. Patients with patent airways were followed if no further intervention was required. If restenosis developed, patients underwent re‐stenting or operation. Clinical parameters were analysed to determine favourable prognostic factors.Results:  Stents were successfully removed in 40 patients at a median 12.5 months after insertion. In 27 patients, stent re‐insertion was carried out and four patients underwent surgical management. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that successful stent removal was independently associated with atelectasis <1 month before bronchoscopic intervention, and absence of complete lobar atelectasis.Conclusions:  Airway intervention, including silicone stenting, can be successful in patients with PTTS, when the intervention is performed within 1 month of atelectasis and before complete lobar atelectasis.
Clinical and molecular microbiological characteristics of carbapenem‐resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains in an NICU
Authors: Hu Zhangxue , Wang Zheng , Liu Ding , Chen Ping , Wang Hao , Chen Yao , Zhao Xilong , Shi Yuan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground:  Seventeen cases of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were evaluated. The strains were characterized as resistant to carbapenems. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the clinical and molecular epidemiological characteristics of the 17 carbapenem‐resistant A. baumannii strains.Methods:  Samples were isolated from blood or sputum from the patients in the NICU, cultured using conventional techniques and an automated system. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect blaOXA‐51‐like, blaOXA‐23‐like, OXA‐24, OXA‐58 and Ambler class B carbapenemases. The genotype of the strains was identified on pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).Results:  BlaOXA‐23 was detected in all of the isolates. PFGE genotype analysis suggested three clones among the 17 strains. Two clones were isolated from other wards of the hospital including the adult ICU and Department of Pulmonology. The other clone was proved to be the first appearance in the hospital as genotype analysis.Conclusion:  BlaOXA‐23 was the drug‐resistant gene that made A. baumannii resistant to carbepenem. The source of blaOXA‐23 in the 17 isolates was different.
Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in neonates born at ≤1500 g (1999–2009)
Authors: Zhang Hongshan , Fang Jianpei , Su Haobin , Chen Miao 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground:  Advances in perinatal care have improved the survival rate for very low‐birthweight (VLBW) infants in China. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), however, has not been reduced. The objective of the present study was to identify the perinatal risk factors for BPD in neonates born at ≤1500 g.Methods:  A retrospective analysis of data for neonates born at ≤1500 g between 1999 and 2009 in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‐Sen University, Guangzhou city, China, was carried out.Results:  Out of a total of 11 506 live births, 3538 infants were admitted to level II nursery and NICU (level III nursery). Among 149 preterm infants born at ≤1500 g, 77.8% survived until day 28, and the incidence of BPD was 48.3%. Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age (GA) ≤30 weeks (odds ratio [OR], 9.507; 95% confidence intervals [95%CI]: 2.604–34.707), maternal chorioamnionitis (OR, 41.987; 95%CI: 6.048–291.492), ventilation‐associated pneumonia (OR, 11.600; 95%CI: 2.847–47.268), and more than three blood transfusions (OR, 10.214; 95%CI: 2.191–47.623) were associated with the development of BPD.Conclusion:  Clinical evidence has been provided for possibly significant risk factors associated with BPD in neonates born at ≤1500 g, which can provide useful information for further research to improve survival of VLBW infants and decrease the incidence of BPD.
Gestational choriocarcinoma of Fallopian tube diagnosed with a combination of p57KIP2 immunostaining and short tandem repeat analysis: Case report
Authors: Nakayama Masato , Namba Akira , Yasuda Masanori , Hara Masaaki , Ishihara Osamu , Itakura Atsuo 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTubal choriocarcinoma is an extremely rare condition and can be of gestational or non‐gestational origin. The appropriate management of choriocarcinoma begins with the categorization of the tumor. However, it is difficult to discriminate the two types by routine histological examination. We report the first case of gestational choriocarcinoma of the Fallopian tube to be confirmed by a combination of p57KIP2 immunostaining and DNA polymorphism analysis at 15 short tandem repeat loci, along with X and Y chromosome markers. The patient had no detectable metastasis or evidence of recurrence 15 months after treatment, which involved surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy. This case demonstrates the usefulness of a combination of p57KIP2 immunostaining and DNA polymorphism analysis in determining the origin of extrauterine choriocarcinoma (i.e. gestational or non‐gestational), which helps to determine the strategy for treatment of the disease.
Effects of intermittent high glucose on BeWo choriocarcinoma cells in culture
Authors: Masumoto Akio , Takamoto Norio , Masuyama Hisashi , Akahori Yoichiro , Inoue Seiji , Hiramatsu Yuji 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to investigate the cellular effects of intermittent high glucose on the human BeWo placental choriocarcinoma cell line, used as a model of the effects of glucose fluctuation in diabetic pregnancies.Materials and Methods:  BeWo cells were subjected to three different glucose conditions for 48 h: 7 mmol/L (control), 42 mmol/L (high glucose), or 7 and 42 mmol/L glucose (intermittent, alternated every 6 h). Cell viability was assessed using cell counts, a cell proliferation assay, and a cell viability assay. Apoptosis was also studied using a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick end‐labeling assay and by immunocytochemistry of fractin, the N‐terminal fragment of actin, which can distinguish apoptotic from necrotic cells. Furthermore, the expression of the well‐known survival factors of trophoblast cells, heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor and leptin, was evaluated by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses.Results:  Intermittent high‐glucose conditions significantly decreased cell viability and enhanced apoptosis compared with control or continuous high‐glucose conditions. Furthermore, the expression of heparin‐binding epidermal growth factor‐like growth factor, but not that of leptin, was significantly increased under intermittent high‐glucose conditions compared to its expression under either control or continuous high‐glucose conditions.Conclusions:  These data indicate that intermittent high glucose is more deleterious to BeWo cells than continuous high‐glucose conditions. Although further in vitro and in vivo study is necessary, excess fluctuation of glucose levels in the placental circulation might be involved in the impairment of placental development leading to the placental dysfunction.
Gravid hysterectomy following history of recurrent ruptured uterus: Case report
Authors: Bedaiwy Mohamed Ali , Grob Natalia M. , Redline Raymond W. , Pinkerton Jay , Perriera Lisa K. , Lazebnik Noam 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe risk of uterine rupture and its associated morbidities increases as the incidence of cesarean deliveries increases. There is little evidence guiding the management of pregnancy termination in patients with a history of uterine rupture.A 21‐year‐old woman with a history of a classical cesarean delivery and four subsequent uterine ruptures presented for termination of pregnancy at 17 weeks and 2 days. Ultrasound study noted anterior wall implantation of the placenta covering the classical cesarean scar as well as the subsequent cesarean section scars. A scheduled gravid hysterectomy was performed to complete the pregnancy termination and avoid recurrent uterine rupture. Pathological examination revealed marked attenuation and fibrosis of the anterior uterine wall with diffuse placenta accreta and focal placenta percreta justifying the decision for hysterectomy in this young patient.We therefore suggest that gravid hysterectomy rather than dilatation and evacuation should be considered for pregnancy termination in patients with history of recurrent uterine rupture and suspicion for abnormal placentation.
Case of asymptomatic portal vein thrombosis after cesarean delivery
Authors: Shimada Etsuko , Makio Yasuo , Akizawa Yoshika , Kawamichi Yayoi , Mitani Minoru , Matsuda Yoshio 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe report a case of acute portal vein thrombosis (PVT) after a cesarean delivery. The patient was admitted for treatment of severe pre‐eclampsia. On the second day after cesarean delivery, the elevations of aspartic aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were observed. Thereafter, acute PVT was diagnosed with ultrasonography. Although early anticoagulant therapy seems to be effective in the treatment of acute PVT, close observation must be made due to the risk of bleeding.
Intra‐abdominal adhesion formation: Does surgical approach matter? Questionnaire survey of South Asian surgeons and literature review
Authors: Hackethal Andreas , Sick Claudia , Szalay Gabor , Puntambekar Shailesh , Joseph Kurian , Langde Swapnil , Oehmke Frank , Tinneberg Hans‐Rudolf , Muenstedt Karsten 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAim:  The impact of postsurgical intra‐abdominal adhesions, which represent a considerable burden for patients and health services, is often underestimated. Various factors influence adhesion formation, including the surgical approach. This study aimed to further understand the condition by investigating surgeons' perceptions of adhesion formation, particularly differences after laparoscopic and open surgery, and by performing a selective literature review.Materials and Methods:  South Asian surgeons attending endoscopy symposia in India and in Germany completed Likert‐scale‐based questionnaires on awareness of adhesion formation and associated consequences in gynecology. MEDLINE and PubMed were searched for articles published in 2000–2010 comparing laparoscopy and laparotomy in relation to adhesion formation. The results of the questionnaire study were then considered in view of findings from this review.Results:  In total, 43.1% (97/225) of questionnaires were completed. Respondents considered that laparoscopy caused fewer adhesions than laparotomy for all gynecological procedures. Although they believed their knowledge of adhesion formation was satisfactory, they widely underestimated the risk, giving estimated rates of 12.5% after laparoscopy and 36.3% after laparotomy. Twenty‐eight studies were identified in the review. Most concluded that laparoscopy was less likely to cause adhesions than laparotomy but further statistical analysis was precluded because so many different definitions and classifications of adhesions had been used.Conclusions:  The risk of adhesion formation was widely underestimated in the study group. Both the questionnaire study and the review concluded that laparoscopy results in less adhesion than laparotomy but further statistical comparison necessitates the development of standard definitions and classifications of adhesions.
Bilateral serous retinal detachment as a complication of acquired peripartum thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura bout
Authors: Kovács Eszter Márta , Molvarec Attila , Rigó Jr János , Szabó Antal 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe report a case of a 26‐year‐old primigravid woman, believed to have HELLP (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelet count) syndrome, which turned out to be a thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) bout. At the 40th gestational week, based on the clinical picture of HELLP syndrome, a cesarean section was performed and a dysmature male newborn was delivered. Afterwards, clinical symptoms and laboratory abnormalities persisted. Severe ADAMTS13 deficiency with the presence of inhibitory anti‐ADAMTS13 antibodies revealed acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura bout, which was complicated with bilateral vision decrease due to bilateral retinal detachment. At the first ophthalmological examination, ultrasonography and binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy confirmed the diagnosis of the serous retinal detachment. After the diagnosis of acquired TTP bout, the patient was treated with multiple plasmapheresis and intravenous immunoglobulin with rapid improvement of the clinical and laboratory parameters. The ophthalmologic complications disappeared later without sequelae. At the 18‐month examination, substantial visual acuity improvement without serous retinal detachment and full best corrected visual acuity were observed.