bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two remarkable new species related to Anastrepha tripunctata (Diptera: Tephritidae) with a discussion of the affinities of the cryptostrepha group
Authors: Hernández-Ortiz Vicente 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTwo new species belonging to the genus Anastrepha, A. mayasp. nov. and A. relictasp. nov., are described. These species are noteworthy because they are closely related to A. tripunctata van der Wulp, an endemic Mexican species currently classified in the cryptostrepha species group, which may be the basal lineage of the genus. These new species come from several tropical Mexican localities and share several taxonomic characters found only in A. tripunctata. The eight known species of the cryptostrepha group are keyed, and a discussion of the phylogenetic relationships between this group and other species groups of Anastrepha is presented.
A new standard pupation shelter for sampling pupae and estimating mortality of the hemlock looper (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: Hébert Christian , Jobin Luc , Berthiaume Richard , Mouton Jean-François , Dupont Alain , Bordeleau Clément 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA new standard pupation shelter for sampling hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria) pupae is described and compared with the burlap band method developed by Otvos (1974; The Canadian Entomologist106: 329–31). The new pupation shelter is placed on the bole, at breast height or in the crown, to estimate population abundance and mortality. The utilization of two shelters at breast height was as efficient as the use of burlap bands to estimate hemlock looper abundance and more efficient for sampling braconid cocoons. It provided reliable estimates of braconid and tachinid parasitism but overestimated that by ichneumonids. This new pupation shelter is an inexpensive tool that can be used easily by nonspecialized personnel, thus allowing increases in the number of sample plots, which is necessary to improve detection of outbreaks of the hemlock looper. This new shelter could be used to sample other lepidopterans whose late-instar larvae aggregate in concealed pupation sites.
Bee diversity and abundance in an urban setting
Authors: Tommasi Désirée , Miro Alice , Higo Heather A. , Winston Mark L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe assessed bee diversity and abundance in urban areas of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to determine how urban environments can support bees. Habitats examined were community and botanical gardens, urban wild areas, Naturescape flower beds and backyards, and traditional flower beds and backyards. A total of 56 bee species (Hymenoptera), including species of the genera Andrena Fabr. (Andrenidae), Bombus Latr. (Apidae), Osmia Panzer and Megachile Latr. (Megachilidae), and Halictus Latr. and Dialictus Pauly (Halictidae), were collected. Abundance exhibited strong seasonal variation. Wild bees were most abundant during late spring, whereas honey bees peaked at the end of the summer. The most abundant species seen was the managed honey bee Apis mellifera L. (Apidae), followed by wild Bombus flavifrons Cresson. Community and botanical gardens, and plants such as cotoneaster (Cotoneaster Medik. sp.) and blackberry (Rubus discolor Weihe & Nees) (Rosaceae), centaurea (Centaurea L. sp.; Asteraceae), buttercup (Ranunculus L. sp.; Ranunculaceae), and foxglove (Digitalis L. sp.; Scrophulariaceae), had the highest abundance of bees, while bee populations in wild areas were the most diverse. Weeds such as dandelions (Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers; Asteraceae) dominated these wild areas and had one of the highest diversities of bee visitors. Traditional flower beds with tulips (Tulipa L. sp.; Liliaceae) and petunias (Petunia Juss. sp.; Solanaceae) had relatively poor diversity and abundance of bees throughout the year. Our study suggests that urban areas have the potential to be important pollinator reservoirs, especially if both bloom and habitat heterogeneity are maintained and enhanced through sustainable urban planning.
Analysis of the genus Gymnodampia (Acari: Oribatida), with redescription of G. setata and description of two new species from North America
Authors: Chen Jun , Norton Roy A. , Behan-Pelletier Valerie M. , Wang Hui-Fu 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMorphology, distribution, and habitat data are presented for three species of the oribatid mite genus Gymnodampia Jacot occurring in North America. A revised generic diagnosis is given and the type species Gymnodampia setata (Berlese) is redescribed based on topotypic material from Missouri. Immatures of G. setata are described and aspects of their biology are presented. Two new species from North America, G. jacotisp. nov. and G. lindquistisp. nov., are proposed and described on the basis of adults, and a key is given for North American species of Gymnodampia. The ameroid genera Cristamerus Hammer, from Pakistan and China, and Defectamerus Aoki, from Japan, Korea, and China, are considered junior synonyms of Gymnodampia, and G. conformis (Fujikawa) is considered a junior synonym of G. fusca (Fujikawa). Immatures of G. setata are apheredermous, but with a circular line of dehiscence, whereas known immatures of the superfamily Ameroidea are eupheredermous. Nonetheless, without convincing apomorphic traits linking Gymnodampia to any known apheredermous family of Brachypylina, we hypothesize that Gymnodampia has lost the eupheredermy characteristic of Ameroidea, and we place it in the family Ameridae on the basis of adult similarities.
Pitfall trap designs to maximize invertebrate captures and minimize captures of nontarget vertebrates
Authors: Pearce J.L. , Schuurman D. , Barber K.N. , Larrivée M. , Venier L.A. , McKee J. , McKenney D. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractPitfall traps containing a preservative have become the standard method of sampling for epigeal invertebrates such as carabid beetles and cursorial spiders. However, they often result in high levels of mortality for small mammals and amphibians. We compared the carabid, spider, and vertebrate captures within five pitfall trap types (conventional trap, funnel trap, shallow trap, Nordlander trap, and the ramp trap) to determine the trap type that would reduce vertebrate incidental catch without compromising the capture of invertebrates. We also examined the effect of a mesh screen over pitfall traps on carabid beetle and vertebrate catches. All modifications to the conventional trap design resulted in a reduction in both small mammal and amphibian captures. The shallow pitfall trap and the funnel trap captured a carabid beetle and spider fauna similar to that captured by the conventional trap. The species compositions of the ramp trap and the Nordlander trap were different from those of the other trap types, but these traps were more efficient, capturing more species per individual captured. The ramp trap appeared to be the method of choice for sampling epigeal spiders. Thus, the choice among trap designs for invertebrates depends on the objectives of the study. However, an alternative to the conventional trap design should always be considered to reduce small mammal mortality.
Captures of two leafroller moth species (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in traps baited with varying dosages of pheromone lures or commercial mating-disruption dispensers in untreated and pheromone-treated orchard plots
Authors: Stelinski L.L. , Miller J.R. , Gut L.J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA 2-year study conducted in 0.6-ha apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) blocks examined the effects of treatment with pheromone rope dispensers on captures of the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris, 1841), and the redbanded leafroller, Argyrotaenia velutinana (Walker, 1863), in traps baited with varying dosages of pheromone lures or Isomate®-OBLR/PLR Plus pheromone rope dispensers. In untreated blocks, captures of male A. velutinana were high and did not differ among (i) traps baited with a standard lure loading used to monitor this pest, (ii) lure loadings 10 and 100 times the standard loading, and (iii) traps baited with an Isomate-OBLR/PLR Plus pheromone rope dispenser. In pheromone-treated blocks, captures of A. velutinana in traps were reduced 94%–99% for all loadings tested (up to 1000 times the standard loading). The results for C. rosaceana were different. In untreated blocks in 2002, traps baited with 10 or 30 standard lures captured significantly more C. rosaceana than traps baited with a single standard lure; however, in 2003, traps baited with the standard lure loading captured significantly more moths than traps baited with 100 and 1000 times the standard loading. Also, traps baited with Isomate-OBLR/PLR Plus pheromone rope dispensers captured significantly fewer C. rosaceana than traps with standard lures in untreated blocks. In pheromone-treated blocks, traps baited with standard monitoring lures and lures with higher loadings (10 and 1000 times the standard) captured equivalent numbers of C. rosaceana; the capture of moths was reduced by only 50%–71%. We conclude that Isomate-OBLR/PLR Plus pheromone rope dispensers deployed in Michigan, United States of America, are effective in disrupting orientation of A. velutinana; however, they are not very effective for C. rosaceana. In addition, increasing lure loading above that of 1× monitoring lures (rubber septa or membrane type) does not appear to reliably increase the effectiveness of monitoring of males of either leafroller species in orchards where pheromone ropes are deployed at recommended densities.
Within-field spatial distribution ofCephus cinctus(Hymenoptera: Cephidae) larvae in Montana wheat fields
Authors: Nansen Christian , Weaver David K. , Sing Sharlene E. , Runyon Justin B. , Morrill Wendell L. , Grieshop Matthew J. , Shannon Courtney L. , Johnson Megan L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe wheat stem sawfly,Cephus cinctusNorton, is a major insect pest in dryland wheat (TriticumL. spp.; Poaceae) fields in the northern Great Plains of the United States and in southern regions of the prairie provinces of Canada. Field infestations by this pest commonly show a distinct “edge effect”, with infestation levels highest at the field edge and declining inwards. In this study, we characterized the edge effect ofC. cinctusinfested wheat fields in Montana at four locations in two separate years. "Infestation level" refers to the average proportion of wheat stems infested withC. cinctusin samples collected in a given wheat field. The gradual decrease inC. cinctusinfestation towards the centre of wheat fields is referred to as the “infestation slope”, and it was presented as a proportion of infestation level at field edges. We showed that (i) for most of the fields bordering grassland or fallow wheat, a simple exponential decline curve provided a significant fit to the infestation slope; (ii) the infestation slopes in different fields and in different directions within fields were similar and appeared to be independent of the overall infestation level; and (iii) the relationship between infestation level and the proportion of samples infested followed an asymptotic curve, which indicates a high level of dispersal of ovipositingC. cinctusfemales. The general perception has been that the edge effect ofC. cinctusinfestation is a result of ovipositingC. cinctusfemales being both weak flyers and short-lived, but our results do not fully corroborate this perception. Currently, the only reliable way to detectC. cinctusinfestations is to dissect individual stems and look for developing instars. However, this type of sampling is extremely time consuming and labor intensive and therefore impractical for wheat growers. Increasing the understanding of the spatial patterns inC. cinctusinfestations is a first step towards development of an optimal sampling plan for this important field pest. Thus, the results presented are relevant for researchers involved in sampling designs and integrated pest management procedures for field pests. We discuss behavioral and evolutionary factors that may contribute to the edge effect ofC. cinctusinfestations.
Erroneous records of Aleochara bipustulata from North America: an assessment of the evidence
Authors: Hemachandra K.S. , Holliday N.J. , Klimaszewski J. , Mason P.G. , Kuhlmann U. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAleochara bipustulata (L., 1761) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) is a Palearctic species and a natural enemy of the cabbage root maggot, Delia radicum (L., 1758) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae). It has been identified as a candidate for introduction to Canada for classical biological control of D. radicum. Recent taxonomic studies assert that A. bipustulata is absent from the Nearctic; however, there are numerous publications reporting the presence of the species in North America. We examined voucher material relating to these publications and additional museum specimens labeled as A. bipustulata. In addition, we reared Aleochara spp. from D. radicum puparia collected in the Canadian prairie provinces. Specimens that, based on external anatomy, could be A. bipustulata were definitively identified using characters of the genitalia. All of the 141 museum specimens labeled A. bipustulata were found to be Aleochara verna Say, 1836. A total of 811 individuals of Aleochara spp. were reared from D. radicum puparia; of these, 690 were Aleochara bilineata Gyllenhal, 1810, 121 were A. verna, and none were A. bipustulata. We have found no evidence that A. bipustulata occurs in North America.
Reduced food consumption in the grasshopper Melanoplus sanguinipes (Orthoptera: Acrididae) parasitized by Blaesoxipha atlanis (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)
Authors: Danyk Troy , Mackauer Manfred , Johnson Dan L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBlaesoxipha atlanis (Aldrich) is a common parasite of Melanoplus sanguinipes (Fabr.) in western Canada. We tested the hypothesis that parasitism by B. atlanis reduces food consumption by adult M. sanguinipes. Unparasitized grasshoppers serving as controls and grasshoppers infected with a single parasite larva were fed known quantities of freshly cut wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ‘Katepwa’) (Poaceae) leaves in the laboratory. The median development time in hosts of larvae of both male and female B. atlanis was 5.5 days. Two thirds of parasitized grasshoppers died within 9 days of infection, but all control insects survived. The dry mass of leaves consumed each day did not differ between parasitized insects that died and insects that survived parasitism; both groups fed less than unparasitized controls. The influence of parasitism on food consumption differed between host sexes, with feeding being depressed earlier and more severely in female than in male grasshoppers. The reduction in food consumption was most pronounced on day 6 after infection, when parasitized males and females consumed only 10% and 7%, respectively, of the food consumed by unparasitized controls. Parasite sex did not influence food consumption. Grasshoppers that survived parasitism by B. atlanis resumed feeding, consuming as much as unparasitized counterparts. Reduced food consumption limited the ability of grasshoppers to compensate for the nutritional demands of developing parasite larvae. As a consequence, parasitized grasshoppers lost body mass during the interaction. We propose that the temporary reduction in feeding by grasshoppers parasitized by B. atlanis that survive parasitism is not evidence of host regulation, but is consistent with a stress-induced alteration in host behaviour.
Neuragrion mysticum(Odonata: Megapodagrionidae) demystified
Authors: Garrison Rosser W. , von Ellenrieder Natalia 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBased on circumstantial evidence,Neuragrion mysticumKarsch, 1891 is considered a junior synonym ofHeteropodagrion sanguinipesSelys, 1885. Annotated wing scans forH. sanguinipesandMesagrionleucorrhinumSelys, 1885, species originally compared toN.mysticum, are provided.
Cryptoryctes tricornutus sp. nov. from the Northern Territory, Australia (Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae, Oryctini)
Authors: Howden Henry F. , Malý Vladislav 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCryptoryctes tricornutussp. nov. from Erldunda (25.13°S, 133.11°E), Northern Territory, Australia, is described and figured. It is compared with a close species, Cryptoryctes trifidus (Blackburn, 1895).
Larval morphology of the Neotropical genusEpispasta(Coleoptera, Meloidae)
Authors: Di Giulio Andrea , Pinto John D. , Bologna Marco A. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe first-instar (triungulin), second-instar, and third-instar larvae of the South American monotypic genusEpispastaSelander, 1960 are described and figured. The triungulin ofE. abbreviata(Klug, 1825) is highly adapted for phoresy on bees and resembles the triungulins of several other phoretic genera in the subfamily Meloinae. The second- and third-instar larvae ofEpispastaare unique in that they retain the campodeiform phenotype of the first instar. These instars in other meloid genera are scarabaeiform. A discussion is provided on the similarity of the triungulin ofEpispastato that of other phoretic meloines. We argue that this similarity is a result of morphological convergence correlated with phoretic behavior and is not evidence of a relationship. The position ofEpispastain Meloinae remains questionable, as none of its larval or adult features ally it to any other genus.
Two introduced spider wasps (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) new to Canada, with notes on nesting habits and the incidence of introductions
Authors: Buck Matthias 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe European pompilidAgenioideus cinctellus(Spinola, 1808) is recorded for the first time from the New World based on material from Ontario. Another recent Nearctic immigrant,Auplopus carbonarius(Scopoli, 1763), is recorded for the first time from Canada, which extends its known range into southern Ontario. The incidence of new introductions and the possible impact on the community of cavity-nesting aculeate wasps is discussed.
Consequences of gall tissues as a food resource for a tortricid moth attacking cecidomyiid galls
Authors: Sugiura Shinji , Yamazaki Kazuo , Osono Takashi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSeven species of parasitoids and two species of moths emerged from bud galls induced by two species of gall midges (Asteralobiasoyogo(Kikuti) andA. sasakii(Monzen)) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on four species of trees of the genusIlex(I. pedunculosaMiq.,I. crenataThunb.,I. chinensisSims, andI. integraThunb.) (Aquifoliaceae). Larvae of the mothRhopobota ustomaculana(Curtis) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) bored into bud galls induced byA. soyogoandA. sasakiionI. pedunculosaandI. crenata, respectively.Rhopobota ustomaculanalarvae fed on leaves as well as gall tissues ofI. pedunculosa, suggesting thatR. ustomaculanais a facultative cecidophage. To clarify consequences of gall tissues as a food resource for cecidophagous moths, we compared the chemical properties of galls with those of normal plant tissues (leaves) ofI. pedunculosa. Bud galls ofI. pedunculosahad higher water content and lower nitrogen, carbon, and polyphenol (a chemical associated with plant insect defenses) contents than leaves. Therefore, bud galls may be a richer food resource forR. ustomaculanalarvae because of the higher water content and lower carbon and polyphenol contents, although they are a poorer resource in terms of nitrogen content.
Identification ofmariner-like elements inSitodiplosis mosellana(Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Mittapalli O. , Shukle R.H. , Wise I.L. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMariner-like element sequences were recovered from the genome of the orange wheat midge,Sitodiplosis mosellana(Géhin), with degenerate PCR primers designed to conserved regions ofmarinertransposases. The deduced amino acid sequences of themariner-like transposases fromS. mosellanashowed 67% to 78% identity with the peptide sequences of othermarinertransposases. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that themariner-like elements fromS. mosellanagrouped in the mauritiana subfamily ofmarinertransposons. Results from Southern blot analysis suggestmariner-like elements are at a moderate copy number in the genome ofS. mosellana.
First record of a psilid fly feeding on cecidomyiid galls
Authors: Sugiura Shinji , Yamazaki Kazuo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe found larvae of Chylizasplendida Iwasa (Diptera: Psilidae) feeding on galls induced by Asphondyliabaca Monzen (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) on the buds of Weigelafloribunda (Sieb. & Zucc.) K. Koch (Caprifoliaceae) in Japan. This is the first confirmed report of cecidophagy in the Psilidae.
Aphid parasitoids infesting cotton, citrus, tobacco, and cereal crops in southeastern Europe: aphid-plant associations and keys
Authors: Kavallieratos Nickolas G. , Tomanović Željko , Athanassiou Christos G. , Starý Petr , Žikić Vladimir , Sarlis George P. , Fasseas Constantin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe present new information on the parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Aphidiinae) of aphids infesting cotton, tobacco, citrus, and cereal agroecosystems in southeastern Europe. Nineteen species are keyed and illustrated with scanning electron micrographs and line drawings. The aphidiines presented in this work have been identified from 18 aphid taxa. Furthermore, 96 original parasitoid–aphid–plant associations are presented. Cotton, tobacco, and citrus agroecosystems are connected through aphids and their parasitoids, whereas cereal agroecosystems represent a separate group of associations.
Polyurethane foam strips to estimate parasitism of hemlock looper (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) eggs by Telenomus spp. (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
Authors: Hébert Christian , Berthiaume Richard , Bordeleau Clément 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAn oviposition trap recently developed to survey hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria (Guenée)) eggs and consisting of a small strip of white polyurethane foam stapled to the tree bole provides reliable estimates of Telenomus spp. parasitism on hemlock looper eggs. Oviposition traps are a standard tool that never varies. They allow us to avoid the tedious and expensive extraction process used when collecting eggs from branches. This new method can be implemented rapidly in a high number of plots and provides the egg parasitism estimates needed in spring to improve hemlock looper population management.