bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porphyry’s Account of Justice in On Abstinence
Authors: Tuominen Miira 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this essay, I argue for a new analysis of Porphyry’s argument for justice in On abstinence. I aim to show that (i) in addition to being an inner order of soul, justice is attributed to external actions and (ii) justice of actions consists in refraining from harming harmless living creatures, including animals and plants. The relevant harm, I argue, consists in taking the lives of living creatures and taking products from them by force or without care. I contend that Porphyry extends moral concern for others to all living creatures, but not merely on the basis of animal suffering. Finally, I argue that that the hierarchy of godlikeness in On abstinence does not support the subordination of moral concern for animals and plants to higher virtues of purity and theory.
Irish Liberty, Black Slavery, and the Green Atlantic
Authors: MacGiollabhuí Muiris 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article explores the relationship that the United Irishmen, Irish revolutionaries of the 1790s, had with slavery during the Revolutionary Period. The United Irishmen were exiled by the British Government as a result of a failed rebellion in 1798 and were exile throughout the Atlantic World. For the exiled United Irishmen, the United States became a primary destination for their exile, and here, slavery became an important source of disunity. In Ireland, resistance to slavery was assumed across the entire membership of the United Irishmen, but in exile, this unity diminished. In conversation with past histories, this scholarship focuses on the limitations of Jacobinism as a political ideology and the prominence of rhetoric in revolutionary ideologies of the period.
The Role of Institutional Networks in the Implementation of Innovative Collaborative Devices of Teacher Professional Development
Authors: Artigue Michèle , Masselin Blandine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article aims to contribute to the body of knowledge developed by mathematics education research on the implementation of innovative TPD devices, i.e. organized systems of arrangements for professional development of mathematics teachers, that emphasize their collaborative work and have a strong bottom-up dimension, as well as to the development of analysis and modelling tools to guide and report on such research. More specifically, drawing on the systemic, institutional and ecological perspective of the anthropological theory of the didactic, we study the dynamics of implementation of such a device, which appeared in France in 2017, paying particular attention to the role played by institutional networks in its dynamics. To do this, we use concepts from the theory of hypergraphs and show their usefulness for modelling the dynamics at stake, a usefulness which, we assume, is not limited to this case study.
The impact sheet to this article can be accessed at 10.6084/m9.figshare.25507258.
The Tassels of Royal and Divine Sasanian Horses
Authors: Potts Daniel T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
While a great deal of time and effort has been spent on the identification of those human and divine actors featured on the Sasanian reliefs and silver vessels, much energy has also been expended on understanding the realia illustrated. Many interpretations of the so-called ‘tassels’ (Ger. Quasten, Pferdequasten, Puscheln, Troddeln; Fr. glands, houppes) shown suspended by chains, usually below, alongside or above a horse’s haunches, have been suggested. The purpose of this short note is to re-visit the topic and to suggest a viable interpretation which, although mooted in the past, has never been fully articulated.
Co-occurrence of patent foramen ovale and Chiari network in a diabetic patient
Authors: Abouzahir Hind , Belhouss Ahmed , Benyaich Hicham 
Published: May 2024

Introduction The coexistence of congenital cardiovascular anomalies provides valuable insights into the intricate nature of human cardiac anatomy and its potential interactions with underlying health conditions. This case report presents an autopsy analysis of a diabetic patient manifesting both a patent foramen ovale and a Chiari network. Case presentation A 26-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted with post cardiac arrest. He died despite resuscitative efforts. Autopsy revealed notable findings including a patent foramen ovale and a Chiari network. Post-mortem biochemical markers indicated elevated HbA1c level and hyperglycaemia. The absence of cryptogenic strokes or paradoxical embolism prompted exploration into potential relationships between these anomalies and metabolic disturbances, and prompts a discussion about whether the observed anatomical variations could potentially serve as risk factors contributing to the patient's death due to complications of diabetes. Conclusion The co-occurrence of a patent foramen ovale and a Chiari network within a diabetic patient, accompanied by elevated HbA1c level and hyperglycaemia, offers a unique perspective on the convergence of congenital cardiovascular variation and metabolic health. The juxtaposition of these anomalies with biochemical markers underscores the intricate interplay between cardiac morphology and metabolic conditions.
The impact of stroke on employment income: A cohort study using hospital and income tax data in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Duong Patrick , Egan Mary , Meyer Matthew , Morrison Tricia , Sauvé-Schenk Katrine 
Published: May 2024

Objective To document the impact of stroke on employment income among people employed at the time of stroke. Design Population-based cohort study. Participants People hospitalized for stroke in Ontario, Canada (2010–2014) and people without stroke matched on demographic characteristics. Main measures Robust Poisson regression to estimate the effects of stroke on the probability of reporting employment income on tax returns over 3 years. Quantile regression difference-in-differences to estimate the changes in annual employment income attributable to stroke. Results Stroke survivors were increasingly less likely to report any employment income poststroke, incidence rate ratios (IRR) 0.87 at 1 year (95% confidence intervals [CI]; 0.85–0.88), 0.82 at 2 years (95% CI; 0.81–0.84) and 0.81 at 3 years (95% CI; 0.79–0.82). IRR for reporting at least 50% of prestroke income levels were 0.76 at 1 year (95% CI; 0.75–0.78), 0.75 at 2 years (95% CI; 0.73–0.77) and 0.73 at 3 years (95% CI; 0.71–0.75). IRR for reporting at least 90% of prestroke income levels were 0.72 at 1 year (95% CI; 0.70–0.74), 0.66 at 2 years (95% CI; 0.64–0.68) and again 0.66 at 3 years (95% CI; 0.64–0.68). Relative changes in annual employment income attributable to stroke varied from a decrease of 13.8% (95% CI; 8.7–18.9) at the 75th income percentile to a decrease of 43.1% (95% CI; 18.7–67.6) at the 25th income percentile. Conclusions It is important for healthcare and service providers to recognize the impact of stroke on return to prestroke levels of employment income. Low-income stroke survivors experience a more drastic loss in employment income and may need additional social support.
What predicts citation counts and translational impact in headache research? A machine learning analysis
Authors: Danelakis Antonios , Langseth Helge , Nachev Parashkev , Nelson Amy , Bjørk Marte-Helene , Matharu Manjit S. , Tronvik Erling , May Arne , Stubberud Anker 
Published: May 2024

Background We aimed to develop the first machine learning models to predict citation counts and the translational impact, defined as inclusion in guidelines or policy documents, of headache research, and assess which factors are most predictive. Methods Bibliometric data and the titles, abstracts, and keywords from 8600 publications in three headache-oriented journals from their inception to 31 December 2017 were used. A series of machine learning models were implemented to predict three classes of 5-year citation count intervals (0–5, 6–14 and, >14 citations); and the translational impact of a publication. Models were evaluated out-of-sample with area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Results The top performing gradient boosting model predicted correct citation count class with an out-of-sample AUC of 0.81. Bibliometric data such as page count, number of references, first and last author citation counts and h-index were among the most important predictors. Prediction of translational impact worked optimally when including both bibliometric data and information from the title, abstract and keywords, reaching an out-of-sample AUC of 0.71 for the top performing random forest model. Conclusion Citation counts are best predicted by bibliometric data, while models incorporating both bibliometric data and publication content identifies the translational impact of headache research.
Human milk products in the National Health Service: a cross-sectional survey of use and industry contact across England's trusts
Authors: Steele Sarah L. , Cooke Noah C.A. 
Published: May 2024

Summary Objectives Commentators and professional organisations note that an expanding market in human milk-based products (HMBPs) could reduce breastfeeding, compromising maternal and infant health, and undermine public milk bank donations. We investigate whether English NHS trusts purchased these products and whether HMBP companies have marketed to them. Design Freedom of Information (FOI) requests asking: (1) whether trusts obtained human milk; (2) if so, how; and (3) whether HMBP companies had approached them. We analysed trusts’ responses qualitatively. In 2023, an FOI request to the Food Standards Authority (FSA) following a product recall. Setting England. Participants One hundred and ninety-four NHS trusts, the FSA. Main Outcome Measures Obtaining human milk, approaches by companies, and trust responses to approaches. Results One hundred and seventy-six trusts responded, 102 reporting human milk from milk banks. No trusts reported purchasing from companies in 2022. In 2023, the FSA confirmed six English hospitals used HMBPs from one company; an FOI for trusts’ names was refused on law enforcement grounds. Two trusts reported participating in clinical trials funded by companies. Twenty-one reported approaches, using several strategies, including uninvited ward visits. Trusts rejected marketing based on guidance from: (1) trust dieticians or physicians; (2) regional regulatory bodies; (3) professional bodies; and (4) perceived application of an International Code on breastfeeding. Conclusions Companies market to trusts, adopting methods previously used by the formula industry. Trusts express confusion over whether this infringes agreements designed to promote breastfeeding. We encourage clarification and guidance for professionals and trusts to ensure safety, infant and maternal health, and protect public provision.
Impact of hematopoietic cell transplantation on myocardial fibrosis in young patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Sharma Akshay , Selukar Subodh , Bi Yu , Merlocco Anthony , Morin Cara E. , Goode Chris , Rai Parul , Towbin Jeffrey A. , Hankins Jane S. , Gottschalk Stephen , Triplett Brandon , Johnson Jason N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Serial cardiovascular magnetic resonance evaluation of children and young adults with SCD who underwent hematopoietic cell transplantation showed mean ECV, representing diffuse myocardial fibrosis, decreased 3.4% from baseline to 12 months posttransplantation. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT04362293.
Dynamic evolution of the mTHF gene family associated with primary metabolism across life
Authors: Rork Adam M. , Bala Arthi S. , Renner Tanya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The folate cycle of one-carbon (C1) metabolism, which plays a central role in the biosynthesis of nucleotides and amino acids, demonstrates the significance of metabolic adaptation. We investigated the evolutionary history of the methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (mTHF) gene family, one of the main drivers of the folate cycle, across life.

Results
Through comparative genomic and phylogenetic analyses, we found that several lineages of Archaea lacked domains vital for folate cycle function such as the mTHF catalytic and NAD(P)-binding domains of FolD. Within eukaryotes, the mTHF gene family diversified rapidly. For example, several duplications have been observed in lineages including the Amoebozoa, Opisthokonta, and Viridiplantae. In a common ancestor of Opisthokonta, FolD and FTHFS underwent fusion giving rise to the gene MTHFD1, possessing the domains of both genes.

Conclusions
Our evolutionary reconstruction of the mTHF gene family associated with a primary metabolic pathway reveals dynamic evolution, including gene birth-and-death, gene fusion, and potential horizontal gene transfer events and/or amino acid convergence.
Aspergillus flavus pangenome (AflaPan) uncovers novel aflatoxin and secondary metabolite associated gene clusters
Authors: Gangurde Sunil S. , Korani Walid , Bajaj Prasad , Wang Hui , Fountain Jake C. , Agarwal Gaurav , Pandey Manish K. , Abbas Hamed K. , Chang Perng-Kuang , Holbrook C. Corley , Kemerait Robert C. , Varshney Rajeev K. , Dutta Bhabesh , Clevenger Josh P. , Guo Baozhu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Aspergillus flavus is an important agricultural and food safety threat due to its production of carcinogenic aflatoxins. It has high level of genetic diversity that is adapted to various environments. Recently, we reported two reference genomes of A. flavus isolates, AF13 (MAT1-2 and highly aflatoxigenic isolate) and NRRL3357 (MAT1-1 and moderate aflatoxin producer). Where, an insertion of 310 kb in AF13 included an aflatoxin producing gene bZIP transcription factor, named atfC. Observations of significant genomic variants between these isolates of contrasting phenotypes prompted an investigation into variation among other agricultural isolates of A. flavus with the goal of discovering novel genes potentially associated with aflatoxin production regulation. Present study was designed with three main objectives: (1) collection of large number of A. flavus isolates from diverse sources including maize plants and field soils; (2) whole genome sequencing of collected isolates and development of a pangenome; and (3) pangenome-wide association study (Pan-GWAS) to identify novel secondary metabolite cluster genes.

Results
Pangenome analysis of 346 A. flavus isolates identified a total of 17,855 unique orthologous gene clusters, with mere 41% (7,315) core genes and 59% (10,540) accessory genes indicating accumulation of high genomic diversity during domestication. 5,994 orthologous gene clusters in accessory genome not annotated in either the A. flavus AF13 or NRRL3357 reference genomes. Pan-genome wide association analysis of the genomic variations identified 391 significant associated pan-genes associated with aflatoxin production. Interestingly, most of the significantly associated pan-genes (94%; 369 associations) belonged to accessory genome indicating that genome expansion has resulted in the incorporation of new genes associated with aflatoxin and other secondary metabolites.

Conclusion
In summary, this study provides complete pangenome framework for the species of Aspergillus flavus along with associated genes for pathogen survival and aflatoxin production. The large accessory genome indicated large genome diversity in the species A. flavus, however AflaPan is a closed pangenome represents optimum diversity of species A. flavus. Most importantly, the newly identified aflatoxin producing gene clusters will be a new source for seeking aflatoxin mitigation strategies and needs new attention in research.
Evaluation of the “Burgenland PREvention trial of colorectal cancer Disease with ImmunologiCal Testing” (B-PREDICT)—a population-based colorectal cancer screening program
Authors: BREZINA Stefanie , LEEB Gernot , BAIERL Andreas , GRÄF Evelyn , HACKL Monika , HOFER Philipp , LANG Harald , KLEIN Michaela , MACH Karl , SCHWARZER Remy , WLASSITS Wilhelm , PÜSPÖK Andreas , GSUR Andrea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The colorectal cancer (CRC) screening program B-PREDICT is a population based invited two stage screening project using a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) for initial screening followed by a colonoscopy for those with a positive FIT. B-PREDICT was compared with the opportunistic screening colonoscopy (OPP-COL), performed in course of the nationwide screening program.

Methods
Within B-PREDICT all residents of the Austrian federal state Burgenland, aged between 40 and 80 are annually invited to FIT testing. All individuals who underwent initial colonoscopy in Burgenland between 01/2003 and 12/2014, were included in this study. Individuals from the FIT-triggered invited screening program B-PREDICT were compared with those from the non-FIT triggered OPP-COL.

Results
15 133 individuals from B-PREDICT were compared to 10 045 individuals with OPP-COL. CRC detection rates were 1.34% (CI-95%, [1.15; 1.52]) in B-PREDICT compared to 0.54% in OPP-COL (95%-CI, [0.39; 0.68] p < 0.001). The decrease in the age standardized incidence rates of CRC was more pronounced in the population screened with FIT than in the general population screened with colonoscopy. Changes in incidence rates per year were -4.4% (95%-CI, [-5.1; -3.7]) vs. -1.8% (95%-CI, [-1.9; -1.6] p < 0.001).

Conclusions
B-PREDICT shows a two-fold higher detection rate of CRC as well as HRA compared to OPP-COL.
Rapid, sensitive, and user-friendly detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a system
Authors: Zhang Wenjing , Qu Hai , Wu Xin , Shi Jingjing , Wang Xinling 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is a life-threatening bacterium known for its rapid development of antibiotic resistance, posing significant challenges in clinical treatment, biosecurity, food safety, and environmental monitoring. Early and accurate identification of P. aeruginosa is crucial for effective intervention.

Methods
The lasB gene of P. aeruginosa was selected as the target for the detection. RPA primers for recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and crRNA for CRISPR/Cas12a detection were meticulously designed to target specific regions within the lasB gene. The specificity of the RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a detection platform was assessed using 15 strains. The detection limit of RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a detection platform was determined by utilizing a pseudo-dilution series of the P. aeruginosa DNA. The practical applicability of the RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a detection platform was validated by comparing it with qPCR on 150 samples (35 processed meat product samples, 55 cold seasoned vegetable dishes, 60 bottled water samples).

Results
The RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a detection platform demonstrates high specificity, with no cross-reactivity with non-P. aeruginosa strains. This assay exhibits remarkable sensitivity, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 100 copies/µL for fluorescence assay and 101 copies/µL for the LFTS method. Furthermore, the performance of the RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a detection platform is comparable to that of the well-established qPCR method, while offering advantages such as shorter reaction time, simplified operation, and reduced equipment requirements.

Conclusions
The RPA/CRISPR/Cas12a detection platform presents a straightforward, accurate, and sensitive approach for early P. aeruginosa detection and holds great promise for diverse applications requiring rapid and reliable identification.
Automated region growing-based segmentation for trabecular bone structure in fresh-frozen human wrist specimens
Authors: Klintström Eva , Klintström Benjamin , Smedby Örjan , Moreno Rodrigo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBone strength depends on both mineral content and bone structure. Measurements of bone microstructure on specimens can be performed by micro-CT. In vivo measurements are reliably performed by high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT) using dedicated software. In previous studies from our research group, trabecular bone properties on CT data of defatted specimens from many different CT devices have been analyzed using an Automated Region Growing (ARG) algorithm-based code, showing strong correlations to micro-CT.The aim of the study was to validate the possibility of segmenting and measuring trabecular bone structure from clinical CT data of fresh-frozen human wrist specimens. Data from micro-CT was used as reference. The hypothesis was that the ARG-based in-house built software could be used for such measurements.HR-pQCT image data at two resolutions (61 and 82 µm isotropic voxels) from 23 fresh-frozen human forearms were analyzed. Correlations to micro-CT were strong, varying from 0.72 to 0.99 for all parameters except trabecular termini and nodes. The bone volume fraction had correlations varying from 0.95 to 0.98 but was overestimated compared to micro-CT, especially at the lower resolution. Trabecular separation and spacing were the most stable parameters with correlations at 0.80-0.97 and mean values in the same range as micro-CT.Results from this in vitro study show that an ARG-based software could be used for segmenting and measuring 3D trabecular bone structure from clinical CT data of fresh-frozen human wrist specimens using micro-CT data as reference. Over-and underestimation of several of the bone structure parameters must however be taken into account.
Social inequalities in pregnancy metabolic profile: findings from the multi-ethnic Born in Bradford cohort study
Authors: Elhakeem Ahmed , Clayton Gemma L. , Soares Ana Goncalves , Taylor Kurt , Maitre Léa , Santorelli Gillian , Wright John , Lawlor Deborah A. , Vrijheid Martine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Lower socioeconomic position (SEP) associates with adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes and with less favourable metabolic profile in nonpregnant adults. Socioeconomic differences in pregnancy metabolic profile are unknown. We investigated association between a composite measure of SEP and pregnancy metabolic profile in White European (WE) and South Asian (SA) women.

Methods
We included 3,905 WE and 4,404 SA pregnant women from a population-based UK cohort. Latent class analysis was applied to nineteen individual, household, and area-based SEP indicators (collected by questionnaires or linkage to residential address) to derive a composite SEP latent variable. Targeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to determine 148 metabolic traits from mid-pregnancy serum samples. Associations between SEP and metabolic traits were examined using linear regressions adjusted for gestational age and weighted by latent class probabilities.

Results
Five SEP sub-groups were identified and labelled ‘Highest SEP’ (48% WE and 52% SA), ‘High-Medium SEP’ (77% and 23%), ‘Medium SEP’ (56% and 44%) ‘Low-Medium SEP’ (21% and 79%), and ‘Lowest SEP’ (52% and 48%). Lower SEP was associated with more adverse levels of 113 metabolic traits, including lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and higher triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) traits. For example, mean standardized difference (95%CI) in concentration of small VLDL particles (vs. Highest SEP) was 0.12 standard deviation (SD) units (0.05 to 0.20) for ‘Medium SEP’ and 0.25SD (0.18 to 0.32) for ‘Lowest SEP’. There was statistical evidence of ethnic differences in associations of SEP with 31 traits, primarily characterised by stronger associations in WE women e.g., mean difference in HDL cholesterol in WE and SA women respectively (vs. Highest-SEP) was -0.30SD (-0.41 to -0.20) and -0.16SD (-0.27 to -0.05) for ‘Medium SEP’, and -0.62SD (-0.72 to -0.52) and -0.29SD (-0.40 to -0.20) for ‘Lowest SEP’.

Conclusions
We found widespread socioeconomic differences in metabolic traits in pregnant WE and SA women residing in the UK. Further research is needed to understand whether the socioeconomic differences we observe here reflect pre-conception differences or differences in the metabolic pregnancy response. If replicated, it would be important to explore if these differences contribute to socioeconomic differences in pregnancy outcomes.