bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a porcine training model for microvascular fasciocutaneous free flap reconstruction
Authors: Nobis Christopher-Philipp , Grottschreiber Katharina , Olmos Manuel , Moest Tobias , Weber Manuel , Kesting Marco , Lutz Rainer 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
In reconstructive surgery, improvements are needed in the effective teaching of free flap surgery. There is a need for easily accessible and widely available training without high financial costs or ethical concerns while still providing a realistic experience. Our aim was to develop an appropriate training model for microvascular flaps.

Methods
We identified pig head halves as most appropriate regarding availability, cost, and realism. These accrue largely by the food industry, so no animals need to be sacrificed, making it more ethical from an animal welfare perspective. We evaluated the suitability as flap donor site and analyzed the vascular anatomy of 51 specimens.

Results
Anatomical evaluation revealed a reliable and constant vascular anatomy, allowing the design of a flap model that can effectively illustrate the entire process of microvascular flap surgery. The process was divided into 6 key steps. The flap can be harvested after marking the vascular pedicle 5.3 cm from the lateral corner of the mouth. Skin island design and subsequent tissue dissection follow until a fasciocutaneous flap is raised, similar to a radial flap. Upon completion of flap harvesting, it can be freely transferred for defect reconstruction. Microvascular anastomosis can be performed on recipient vessels in the cervical region, and the difficulty can be individually adjusted.

Conclusions
The developed training model is a reasonable compromise in terms of surgical realism, availability, didactic value, and cost/time effectiveness. We believe it is a powerful and effective tool with high potential for improving surgical education and training.
Reviewing the current state of legacy POP-brominated flame retardants in plastic childcare products and toys: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Mlelwa Rebecca , Rother Hanna-Andrea 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Due to their adverse environmental and health impacts, brominated flame retardants (BFRs) are listed in Annex A of the Stockholm Convention for global elimination of production and use. Their health impacts include endocrine disruption, cancer, reproductive effects, and neurobehavioral and developmental disorders in children. Emerging literature suggests that legacy POP-BFRs are increasingly found in consumer products, including those used for and by children. The presence of legacy POP-BFRs in children’s products is a big concern. Children are more vulnerable to chemical exposure risks than adults because their bodies are still developing and fragile. The rising problem is contributed to by the global push towards a circular economy that encourages responsible production and consumption by practising the recycling of waste materials. Waste materials such as electronic and electrical equipment plastics often contain POP-BFRs. POP-BFRs in waste materials are transferred into new products through recycling. The recycled products have become a potential source of exposure to legacy POP-BFRs for vulnerable populations, particularly children. Our scoping review aims to map and summarise the emerging literature. This information is needed to inform evidence-based policies to protect children from toxic exposures.

Methods
Our scoping review will follow a methodological framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley. Peer-reviewed and grey literature on the topic will be retrieved from electronic databases and other relevant sites. Two reviewers will screen titles and abstracts, followed by a full-text review of studies for eligibility based on the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data will be extracted, and findings will be mapped in a table according to study settings, types of children’s products tested, and concentration of legacy POP-BFRs in contaminated products. A map chart will be created to display how contaminated products are spread globally.

Discussion
Because of their unique vulnerabilities, children continue to suffer disproportionate exposures to toxic chemicals compared to adults. Information on potential exposures, particularly for children, is crucial to make evidence-based policies. We intend to map and summarise the emerging literature on legacy POP-BFRs in children's products. Findings will be disseminated to relevant stakeholders through publishing in a peer-reviewed scientific journal and policy briefs.

Systematic review registration
The protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7KDE5).
Myostatin gene role in regulating traits of poultry species for potential industrial applications
Authors: Lee Joonbum , Kim Dong-Hwan , Lee Kichoon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe myostatin (MSTN) gene is considered a potential genetic marker to improve economically important traits in livestock, since the discovery of its function using the MSTN knockout mice. The anti-myogenic function of the MSTN gene was further demonstrated in farm animal species with natural or induced mutations. In poultry species, myogenesis in cell culture was regulated by modulation of the MSTN gene. Also, different expression levels of the MSTN gene in poultry models with different muscle mass have been reported, indicating the conserved myogenic function of the MSTN gene between mammalian and avian species. Recent advances of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing techniques have led to development of genome-edited poultry species targeting the MSTN gene to clearly demonstrate its anti-myogenic function and further investigate other potential functions in poultry species. This review summarizes research conducted to understand the function of the MSTN gene in various poultry models from cells to whole organisms. Furthermore, the genome-edited poultry models targeting the MSTN gene are reviewed to integrate diverse effects of the MSTN gene on different traits of poultry species.
The impacts of public space flagship projects on local communities: evidence from Atigh Square of Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Ghalani Zohreh , Ranjbar Ehsan , al-Ameen Ali 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe examination of the comprehensive effects of flagship projects on adjacent neighborhoods remains inadequately explored, particularly within developing countries. This scholarly void is expanding despite limited research on public space flagship projects. The current study delves into a problematic case study: Atigh Square, located within the historical center of Isfahan, Iran. This site has undergone substantial efforts to transform into a pedestrian-oriented public space, aimed at recapturing its original configuration fro the eleventh century. The 5 criteria of identity, economy, social, physical, and tourism features and 22 indicators attributed to them were extracted from the theoretical literature. Mixed methods research was pursued, using seminal publications, quantitative data from a questionnaire, and qualitative analysis of interviews conducted with several experts. Furthermore, the integration and connectivity of the area before and after regeneration was compared using Depth map software package. The results of the analysis show that the impact of the project in social, identity-related, infrastructural, and economic sub-criteria was weak, but it achieved relative success in terms of planning and tourism indicators. Besides, the sanitation sub-class received the highest rank whereas facilities and public services had the lowest rank among the sub-classes. As with the subjective and objective quality of life, the project was not a great success. Overall, although the project has considerably enhanced the physical and visual conditions of the area, it has failed to solve the social and economic problems of the surrounding fabric. The findings significantly contribute to the existing body of global literature concerning the impacts of flagship projects on surrounding areas, as the research explores diverse facets of these effects. The results underscore the necessity for flagship projects to be meticulously planned, taking into account not only the specific circumstances and challenges of local communities but also their integration into the broader socio-economic dynamics of the entire city.
Unraveling minnan imagery: a comprehensive analysis of traditional and modern minnan nursery rhymes through complex networks
Authors: Wu Hongrun , Zhang Lei , Huang Zheming , Chen Zhixin , Yang Weizhong , Tong Xianqun , Shen Yiling , Lin Baozhu , Li Shunxing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Nursery rhymes provide insights into the traditions, beliefs, and values of a culture, thereby making it an integral part of a community’s heritage. As representative linguistic resources within the intangible cultural heritage of the Hoklo people, Minnan nursery rhymes (MNRs) play a crucial role in connecting the Chinese mainland, Taiwan Strait, and overseas Chinese communities. This study delves into features of 617 traditional and 289 modern pieces through text mining techniques, including text segmentation, the TF-IDF (term frequency-inverse document frequency) method, and the complex network analysis. We examine the frequency and emotional purity of lyrics at a larger scale than previous studies using a small set of manually annotated samples. Furthermore, we analyze the patterns of MNRs by assessing the overall, individual, core-periphery structures of the constructed MNR networks, considering key terms as nodes and co-occurrence relationships between nodes as links. Our investigation reveals the heterogeneous nature of terms in both traditional and modern MNR networks. Moreover, through the community detection method, we identify five primary imagery features presented in MNRs. Traditional MNRs place emphasis on family relationships, folk culture, and food culture, reflecting enduring aspects of Minnan cultural heritage. In contrast, modern MNRs pivot towards themes of children’s emotions and natural scenery, indicative of evolving societal values. This study represents the first large-scale complex network analysis of MNRs, providing valuable insights into the embedded Minnan culture and serving as a foundation for further research into the societal dynamics reflected in these cherished MNRs resources.
Salivary levels of eluents during Invisalign™ treatment with attachments: an in vivo investigation
Authors: Stocker Larissa , Zervou Sevasti-Kiriaki , Papageorgiou Spyridon N. , Karakousoglou Stephania , Triantis Theodoros , Hiskia Anastasia , Eliades George , Eliades Theodore 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The aim of the present study was to investigate qualitatively and quantitatively the elution of substances from polyester-urethane (Invisalign™) aligners and resin composite attachments (Tetric EvoFlow) in vivo.

Methods
Patients (n = 11) treated with the aligners and attachments (16 per patient, without other composite restorations) for an average of 20 months, who were planned for attachment removed were enrolled in the study. Patients were instructed to rinse with 50 mL of distilled water upon entry and the rinsing solution was collected (before removal). Then, the attachments were removed with low-speed tungsten carbide burs for adhesive residue removal, a thorough water rinsing was performed immediately after the grinding process to discard grinding particle residues, and subsequently, after a second water-rinsing the solution was collected for analysis (after removal). The rinsing solutions were analyzed for targeted (LC-MS/MS: Bis-GMA, DCDMA, UDMA, BPA) and untargeted (LC-HRMS: screening of leached species and their degradation products) compounds.

Results
Targeted analysis revealed a significant reduction in BPA after attachment removal (4 times lower). Bis-GMA, DCDMA, UDMA were below the detection limit before removal but were all detectable after removal with Bis-GMA and UDMA at quantifiable levels. Untargeted analysis reviled the presence of mono-methacrylate transformation products of Bis-GMA (Bis-GMA-M1) and UDMA (UDMA-M1), UDMA without methacrylate moieties (UDMA-M2), and 4-(dimethylamino) benzoic acid (DMAB), the degradation product of the photo-initiator ethyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (EDMAB), all after attachment removal. Several amino acids and endogenous metabolites were also found both before and after removal.

Conclusions
Elevated levels of BPA were traced instantaneously in patients treated with Invisalign™ and flowable resin composite attachments for the testing period. BPA was reduced after attachment removal, but residual monomers and resin degradation products were found after removal. Alternative resin formulations and attachment materials may be utilized to reduce eluents.
Spontaneous rupture of a mycotic splenic artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to histoplasmosis: a case report
Authors: Mirande Mitchell H. , Souza Dante L. S. , Thibodeaux Louis , Sutphin Cody 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
A splenic artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare pathology that occurs mainly secondary to pancreatitis, abdominal trauma, peptic ulcers, pancreatic and gastric cancers, and infections. It is best diagnosed using computed tomography angiography and typically treated using endovascular embolization and, in some cases, open or laparoscopic surgery. In this report, we present a case of a ruptured mycotic splenic artery pseudoaneurysm containing Histoplasma capsulatum, which to our knowledge is the first case to report a mycotic splenic artery pseudoaneurysm of this nature.

Case presentation
We report a case of a 42-year-old white male with past medical history of Hepatitis C and IV drug abuse who presented to the Emergency Department with a 24-h history of severe diffuse abdominal pain. He was tachycardic and peritonitic on exam. Work-up demonstrated leukocytosis and lactic acidosis. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis with intravenous contrast showed hemoperitoneum and active extravasation of contrast from the splenic artery into the splenic hilum, associated with a surrounding hematoma measuring 5.3 × 5.0 cm, concerning for ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysm. The patient was taken emergently for exploratory laparotomy, where a large intraperitoneal hematoma was evacuated. A ruptured splenic artery pseudoaneurysm was identified, isolated, and controlled, followed by completion splenectomy. Final pathology demonstrated a 3.0 × 1.3 × 0.3 cm pseudoaneurysm wall and a 14 × 9.5 × 5.5 cm spleen containing multiple necrotizing granulomata positive for the presence of Histoplasmosis species. The patient recovered appropriately and was discharged on post-operative day five.

Conclusions
This case demonstrates a successful approach to a ruptured mycotic splenic artery pseudoaneurysm resulting in a positive outcome. It is a unique case as it highlights, to our knowledge, the first report of splenic artery aneurysm secondary to Histoplasma capsulatum infection. This report helps further the understanding of the pathophysiology as well as the natural history of mycotic splenic pseudoaneurysms.
Asymmetric connectedness between conventional and Islamic cryptocurrencies: Evidence from good and bad volatility spillovers
Authors: Bouri Elie , Ghaemi Asl Mahdi , Darehshiri Sahar , Gabauer David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the dynamics of the asymmetric volatility spillovers across four major cryptocurrencies comprising nearly 61% of cryptocurrency market capitalization and covering both conventional (Bitcoin and Ethereum) and Islamic (Stellar and Ripple) cryptocurrencies. Using a novel time-varying parameter vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) asymmetric connectedness approach combined with a high frequency (hourly) dataset ranging from 1st June 2018 to 22nd July 2022, we find that (i) good and bad spillovers are time-varying; (ii) bad volatility spillovers are more pronounced than good spillovers; (iii) a strong asymmetry in the volatility spillovers exists in the cryptocurrency market; and (iv) conventional cryptocurrencies dominate Islamic cryptocurrencies. Specifically, Ethereum is the major net transmitter of positive volatility spillovers while Stellar is the main net transmitter of negative volatility spillovers.
Column setting and text justification influence return-sweep eye movement behavior during Chinese multi-line reading
Authors: Wang Mengsi , Gill Donna E. , Judge Jeannie , Zang Chuanli , Bai Xuejun , Liversedge Simon P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPeople regularly read multi-line texts in different formats and publishers, internationally, must decide how to present text to make reading most effective and efficient. Relatively few studies have examined multi-line reading, and fewer still Chinese multi-line reading. Here, we examined whether texts presented in single or double columns, and either left-justified or fully-justified affect Chinese reading. Text format had minimal influence on overall reading time; however, it significantly impacted return-sweeps (large saccades moving the eyes from the end of one line of text to the beginning of the next). Return-sweeps were launched and landed further away from margins and involved more corrective saccades in single- than double-column format. For left- compared to fully-justified format, return-sweeps were launched and landed closer to margins. More corrective saccades also occurred. Our results showed more efficient return-sweep behavior for fully- than left-justified text. Moreover, there were clear trade-off effects such that formats requiring increased numbers of shorter return-sweeps produced more accurate targeting and reduced numbers of corrective fixations, whereas formats requiring reduced numbers of longer return-sweeps caused less accurate targeting and an increased rate of corrective fixations. Overall, our results demonstrate that text formats substantially affect return-sweep eye movement behavior during Chinese reading without affecting efficiency and effectiveness, that is, the overall time it takes to read and understand the text.
Hydrogen sulfide activates calcium signaling to confer tolerance against selenium stress in Brassica rapa
Authors: Ye Xiefeng , Lu Haiyan , Xin Aijing , Liu Ruixian , Shi Zhiqi , Chen Jian , Yang Lifei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Se (selenium) pollution is an emerging environmental concern. Excessive Se induces phytotoxicity. The endogenous H2S (hydrogen sulfide) was involved in plant adaptation to Se stress, but the signaling player of H2S remains unclear.

Methods
The study was conducted in a hydroponic system with different chemicals added to the treatment solution. Fluorescent tracking was performed to detect endogenous signaling molecules in plant tissues. Physiological changes were determined based on pharmaceutics and histochemical experiments. Gene expression was analyzed using qRT-PCR. The data were summarized using hierarchical cluster and Pearson correlation analysis.

Results
Se stress inhibited B. rapa growth (e.g. root elongation, shoot height, and seedling fresh weight and dry weight) in both dose- and time-dependent manners, with approximately 50% of root growth inhibition occurred at 20 µM Se. Se stress induced ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation and oxidative injury in B. rapa. Se exposure resulted in the upregulation of LCDs (L-cysteine desulfhydrase) and DCDs (D-cysteine desulfhydrase) encoding enzymes for H2S production in B. rapa at early stage of Se exposure, followed by downregulation of these genes at late stage. This was consistent with the change of endogenous H2S in B. rapa. Enhancing endogenous H2S level with NaHS (H2S donor) stimulates endogenous Ca2+ in B. rapa upon Se exposure, accompanied the attenuation of growth inhibition, ROS accumulation, oxidative injury, and cell death. The beneficial effects of H2S on detoxifying Se were blocked by decreasing endogenous Ca2+ level with Ca2+ channel blocker or Ca2+ chelator. Finally, hierarchical cluster combined with correlation analysis revealed that Ca2+ might acted as downstream of H2S to confer Se tolerance in B. rapa.

Conclusion
Ca2+ was an important player of H2S in the regulation of plant physiological response upon Se stress. Such findings extend our knowledge of the mechanism for Se-induced phytotoxicity.

Graphical Abstract
MR imaging features of uterine necrosis following modified B-Lynch sutures: a case report
Authors: Thakur Shruti , Jhobta Anupam , Surya Mukesh , Tomar Ashwani 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
B-Lynch braided compression sutures are applied as a lifesaving procedure to control atonic post-partum hemorrhage if the patient is not responding to uterotonics and other conservative methods. These sutures are applied to avoid hysterectomy so as to preserve fertility. However, if not applied properly, these can lead to a rare but serious complication of uterine necrosis secondary to uterine ischemia and sepsis. The patient then ends up in hysterectomy defeating the sole purpose of maintaining fertility for which the sutures were applied at the first place.

Case presentation
Here we describe a case of primipara who had caesarian section complicated by post-partum hemorrhage which was managed with modified B-Lynch compression sutures for achieving hemostasis. The patient presented three weeks post-procedure with signs and symptoms of inflammation and sepsis. The MR imaging revealed features of uterine necrosis. The patient underwent hysterectomy unwillingly as no other option was left to save her life. A detailed MR imaging of this case has been described given the scarcity of MR features of uterine necrosis following compressive sutures in medical literature.

Conclusions
The case is reported to make the clinicians aware of the possibility of such a dreaded complication following compressive sutures for post-partum hemorrhage and to emphasize on early and timely follow-up of such patients so that uterus could be salvaged.
Anti-Müllerian hormone (ovarian reserve) in rheumatoid arthritis patients: correlation with disease activity
Authors: Israel Traez , Saleh Hala Abdulhady , Ahmed Sahar Fathi , Gergius Youssy Saeed Eshak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Rheumatoid arthritis is considered one of the most common chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases that lead to affection of several joints, as well as extra-articular organ involvement.
Rheumatoid arthritis women tend to menopause somewhat earlier. This was attributed to primary ovarian insufficiency because of autoimmune disorders. Anti-Müllerian hormone is a marker used for evaluating preantral follicle reserve. It provides a very sensitive way to reflect the ovarian reserve and has become a crucial factor in determining it.
The study aimed to show the influence of rheumatoid arthritis and its activity on ovarian reserve assessed using anti-Müllerian hormone serum levels.

Results
Our cross-sectional study involved 30 rheumatoid arthritis female patients with an age range between 25 and 35 years. The Disease Activity Score (DAS 28-ESR) was used to assess the degree of disease activity. Serum level of anti-Müllerian hormone was determined using quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the correlation with the disease activity as well as with the medications the patients were receiving was analyzed. A statistically significant relation was found amid the disease activity and the anti-Müllerian hormone level. Serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone were found less in cases with high disease activity than in low to moderate cases. Different medications had no effect on anti-Müllerian hormone levels.

Conclusions
Rheumatoid arthritis high disease activity was linked to a diminished level of serum anti-Müllerian hormone.