bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping the Contours of Blame: An Account of the Moral Boundaries of Organizations
Authors: Mota Rita , Morrison Alan D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an account of the moral boundaries of organizations. We define an organization’s moral boundary to encompass all of the actions for which it could be held morally responsible. Our theory requires us to view organizations as subjects that act in the world, rather than as objects that are used as tools; that is, it requires us to focus on corporate moral agency. We present a process model for determining whether a given action lies within an organization’s moral boundary, and we discuss how an organization’s moral boundary can be created, destroyed, or modified as a result of deliberate choices by human and organizational actors. Our article contributes to the literature by conceptualizing the distinction between organizations as subjects and organizations as objects, and so clarifying the distinction between legal and moral boundaries; by recentering the discussion of boundaries on organizational actions rather than on contingent institutional features; and by adding nuance to the assignment of moral responsibility in complex organizational networks and in situations where one corporate moral agent depends upon another for its existence.
quant: a minimalist interval method for time series classification
Authors: Dempster Angus , Schmidt Daniel F. , Webb Geoffrey I. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe show that it is possible to achieve the same accuracy, on average, as the most accurate existing interval methods for time series classification on a standard set of benchmark datasets using a single type of feature (quantiles), fixed intervals, and an ‘off the shelf’ classifier. This distillation of interval-based approaches represents a fast and accurate method for time series classification, achieving state-of-the-art accuracy on the expanded set of 142 datasets in the UCR archive with a total compute time (training and inference) of less than 15 min using a single CPU core.
Comparison of the effects of PBL in 3D virtual environment and F2F on learning and spatial skills
Authors: Küçük - Avcı Şirin , Akgün Özcan Erkan , Balkan - Kıyıcı Fatime 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to juxtapose the impacts of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology implemented within a three-dimensional (3D) virtual environment against PBL in a conventional face-to-face setting, along with a control group, on students' learning performance, conceptual comprehension, and spatial aptitude. The investigation concentrated on the structure of matter within a seventh-grade science curriculum, encompassing a cohort of 79 students enrolled in the course. The study was conducted under a mixed methods experimental design and comprised three distinct groups: two experimental groups (E1; E2) and one control group (C). The instructional intervention in the E1 group involved utilizing a 3D virtual environment grounded in the problem-based learning method, whereas the E2 group underwent face-to-face instruction employing worksheets derived from problem-based learning. In contrast, the control group received traditional direct instruction from the science teacher through lectures, demonstrations, and question-and-answer sessions, all focusing on the same topic. Pretests and posttests were administered to the participants before and after the experimental interventions, assessing conceptual understanding, spatial visualization, and mental rotation. Additionally, learning tasks completed by the E1 and E2 groups were evaluated using rubrics to assess learning performance. Subsequent to the post-test, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with randomly selected students from the E1 group. The results indicated that instruction within the problem-based 3D virtual environment significantly enhanced students' learning performance, conceptual understanding, spatial visualization, and mental rotation skills compared to the other instructional conditions.
The level and development of university students’ social integration: personality traits and person-environment fit predict integration with fellow students and teaching staff
Authors: Jusri Regina , Lechner Clemens 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe transition from secondary to higher education can be challenging for students. They have to adjust academically and must integrate into a new social environment. Successful social integration is important for university students’ academic success and well-being. Previous studies illustrate that personality traits shape social behavior. However, research on the impact of personality traits on social integration in the university context is scarce. In this study, we investigate how students’ Big Five personality traits influence the level and development of their social integration. We analyze whether the fit of the students’ Big Five profile with their chosen major affects their social integration. We differentiate social integration with teaching staff and social integration with fellow students. We use the student cohort of the National Educational Panel Study (NEPS) for our analysis. We observed students for up to four academic years and estimated growth curve models with random intercept and random slope. The results show that all Big Five traits are significantly associated with both forms of social integration at the end of the first academic year, with the exception of extraversion and openness. While extraversion is only significant for social integration with fellow students, openness is only relevant for social integration with teaching staff. A poor person-environment fit regarding personality is significantly negatively linked to both forms of social integration at the end of the first academic year. However, the Big Five traits and person-environment fit affect the level of social integration only but not the development of social integration.
Differences in Students’ Computational Thinking Activities when Designing an Algorithm for Drawing Plane Figures
Authors: Büscher Carina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Computational thinking (CT) is becoming increasingly important as a learning content. Subject-integrated approaches aim to develop CT within other subjects like mathematics. The question is how exactly CT can be integrated and learned in mathematics classrooms. In a case study involving 12 sixth-grade learners, CT activities were explored that learners engage in when drawing geometric figures with a visual programming language. The empirical findings indicate differences not only across various CT activities but also within a single CT activity. Subcategories were developed to describe these differences. Implications for further research and classroom practice are discussed.
Investigation of MHD fractionalized viscous fluid and thermal memory with slip and Newtonian heating effect: a fractional model based on Mittag-Leffler kernel
Authors: Ali Qasim , Amir Muhammad , Metwally Ahmed Sayed M. , Younas Usman , Jan Ahmed Zubair , Amjad Ayesha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces an innovative approach for modelling unsteady incompressible natural convection flow over an inclined oscillating plate with an inclined magnetic effect that employs the Atangana-Baleanu time-fractional derivative (having a non-singular and non-local kernel) and the Mittag-Leffler function. The fractional model, which includes Fourier and Fick's equations, investigates memory effects and is solved using the Laplace transform. The Mittag-Leffler function captures power-law relaxation dynamics, which improves our understanding of thermal and fluid behaviour. Graphical examination shows the influence of fractional and physically involved parameters, leading to the conclusion that concentration, temperature, and velocity profiles initially grow and then decrease asymptotically with time. Moreover, the study emphasizes the impact of effective Prandtl and Schmidt numbers on temperature, concentration, and velocity levels in the fluid.
The Threshold Effect of Finance on Growth: Reassessing the Burden of Evidence
Authors: Luintel Kul B. , Li Guangjie , Khan Mosahid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRonald Coase famously stated, “If you torture the data long enough, it will confess,” underscoring the need for the replication of well-accepted empirical results. In Economics, replication is more honoured in the breach than the observance. As a departure, this paper assesses whether the ‘burden of evidence’ is met for a recent, widely-cited finding, with potentially deep policy implications — that the finance-growth relationship is non-monotonic and has a credit threshold above 100% of GDP that reduces economic growth. If this empirical fact is established beyond a reasonable doubt, then it could be pathbreaking in further developing our understanding of the link between finance and growth. We assemble the ‘burden of evidence’ through the comprehensive scrutiny of several vital aspects, viz., (i) an exhaustive list of 14 absolute and relative measures of financial development, (ii) replications and extensions across two global datasets, (iii) near exhaustive analytical trajectories, (iv) different functional forms, (v) unifying analytical approach, and (vi) analytical rigor. The ‘burden of evidence’ from almost 3,000 well-structured cross-sectional and panel estimates do not support the threshold effect, and where evidence is uncovered, the parameters imply the questionable policy implication that advanced economies need to scale back their relative levels of financial development to those of Eastern Europe to avoid the growth costs associated with over-developed financial systems. The findings reject the assertion that finance is excessive and reduces economic growth.
Education Policies and Intergenerational Educational Mobility in China: New Evidence for the 1986–95 Birth Cohort
Authors: Wu Jiawei , Marois Guillaume 
Published: May 2024

AbstractResearch on educational mobility for Chinese born in or before 1976–85 abounds. Although the Compulsory Education Law implemented in 1986 and the expansion of higher education introduced in 1999 changed Chinese millennials’ educational achievements, little is known about the educational mobility for the 1986–95 birth cohort and where it stands in the long-term trends. In this study, we calculated population-level educational percentile ranks by birth cohort and gender using data from the 1982 to 2020 China Censuses before linking these ranks to respondents in Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) or China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to document 1986–95 birth cohort's educational mobility and its historical position. We also explored the role played by offspring's hukou origin (urban or rural) and ethnicity (Han or ethnic minorities). In the 1986–95 birth cohort, women's educational percentile ranks for secondary and tertiary levels fell below men's for the first time in China, suggesting that the proportion of women in higher education overtook men's. From 1976–85 to 1986–95 birth cohorts, while educational rank-rank correlations remained stable in all parent–child dyads and were constantly higher for offspring with urban hukou origin, there is suggestive evidence on increased educational mobility for women with rural hukou origin. Ethnicity differences were not found. Our findings imply that China's Compulsory Education Law and higher education expansion may have contributed to greater educational mobility for women with rural hukou origin in the 1986–95 birth cohort and their diminished disadvantage in education.
Boson star superradiance
Authors: Gao He-Yu , Saffin Paul M. , Wang Yi-Jie , Xie Qi-Xin , Zhou Shuang-Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecently, it has been realized that in some systems internal space rotation can induce energy amplification for scattered waves, similar to rotation in real space. In particularly, it has been shown that energy extraction is possible for a Q-ball, a stationary non-topological soliton that is coherently rotating in its field space. In this paper, we generalize the analysis to the case of boson stars, and show that the same energy extraction mechanism still works for boson stars.
Lessons Learned from Failures and Design Improvements for Large Diameter Seals
Authors: Kaushal Nihal , Patri Sudheer , Sharma Ramesh Kumar , Sreedhar B. K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLarge diameter seals are used in Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) to prevent the escape of radioactive argon cover gas through wide annular gaps. The design of these seals shall address different challenges than normal seals. The large tolerances needed on the width of annulus, achievable tolerances on rubber, clearances in the seal holder, etc., influence the seal performance. The paper discusses analytical and experimental work done to develop robust large diameter seals. The contours of the present study are based on the feedback from the testing and qualification of small size model seals. Various permutations of geometry for seal and its holder are numerically investigated. The study mainly highlighted the influence of seal holder on the seal performance. Various sensitivity studies done on selected seal and seal holder demonstrated robustness of the design solutions.
Graphical Abstract
Solving Partial Differential Problems with Tau Toolbox
Authors: Lima Nilson J. , Matos José M. A. , Vasconcelos Paulo B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper briefly examines how literature addresses the numerical solution of partial differential equations by the spectral Tau method. It discusses the implementation of such a numerical solution for PDE’s presenting the construction of the problem’s algebraic representation and exploring solution mechanisms with different orthogonal polynomial bases. It highlights contexts of opportunity and the advantages of exploring low-rank approximations and well-conditioned linear systems, despite the fact that spectral methods usually give rise to dense and ill-conditioned matrices. It presents , a numerical library for the solution of integro-differential problems. It shows numerical experiments illustrating the implementations’ accuracy and computational costs. Finally, it shows how simple and easy it is to use the to obtain approximate solutions to partial differential problems.
Analysis of ionizing radiation doses received by patients during electrocardiological procedures
Authors: Biegała Michał , Ząbczyński Łukasz , Staniszewska Maria Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMedical procedures in the field of electrocardiology belong to a large group of cardiological procedures. Performing them involves exposure to ionizing radiation. In this study, five medical procedures in the field of electrocardiology performed in three medical facilities were analyzed in terms of patients’ exposure to ionizing radiation. A total of 178 patients were analyzed. Depending on the type of procedure, the recorded doses ranged from 7.4 to 614.62 mGy. The majority of electrocardiological procedures are pacemaker implantations 38% and RF ablation 33%. The results obtained show a significant dispersion of the recorded dose values in the same type of treatment. This is reflected, for example, in the high coefficient of variation for doses in RF ablation. The type of X-ray machine used during the procedure also influences the dose values. Although the exposure of patients undergoing electrocardiological procedures to ionizing radiation is much lower than in the case of cardiac vascular procedures, it may reach a similar level, especially in the case of implantation of devices regulating the correct functioning of the heart.
Students’ dynamic communication while transforming mathematical representations in a dynamic geometry environment
Authors: Bach Cecilie Carlsen , Bergqvist Ewa , Jankvist Uffe Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn mathematics, students’ abilities to make transformations between mathematical representations are fundamental. The recent implementation of digital technologies, such as Dynamic Geometry Environments (DGEs), have changed students’ access to mathematical representations by providing a variety of different representations, available just by pressing a button. Students use of a DGE may change their mathematical communication to become more dynamic and active. However, it is not clear how the use of DGEs and the change in communication style relate to more epistemological aspects of students’ mathematical work. This study, therefore, investigates the interplay between students’ dynamic mathematical communication and their transformations of mathematical representations when using a DGE from a competency perspective. Based on analyses of instances of lower secondary school students’ dynamic mathematical communication, findings indicate that students’ mathematical communication reflect the new ways of engaging with mathematical representations when using a DGE. Hence, the communication becomes dynamic. Theoretically, the complexity of having “continuous” transformations of mathematical representations may reduce the readiness of the mathematical communication competency. The “continuous” transformation may in fact cause students to unintentionally ascribe dynamic properties to mathematical representation.
Wayfinding in an indigenous initial teacher education mathematics programme
Authors: Trinick Tony , Allen Piata 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper we discuss ongoing challenges for Māori-medium initial teacher education in addressing conceptual, linguistic and pedagogical tensions that impact on developing mathematics education programmes. These include the small pool of applicants with the necessary linguistic and cultural knowledge required to teach in Māori-medium settings. Māori-medium schooling has the dual goals of providing a learning environment where Māori ways of knowing and being are taken for granted and students have access to international notions of academic success. However, many Māori-medium initial teaching education applicants have learnt mathematics in English and have had varying levels of access to Māori practices that could be taught alongside mathematics. To address these challenges, we utilise the cultural symmetry model to guide the design and delivery of Māori-medium initial teacher education tasks using wayfinding. Thereby illuminating Māori practices and school mathematics curriculum simultaneously.
Epithelial-mesenchymal Transition (EMT) and the Effect of Atorvastatin on it in ARPE-19 cells
Authors: Mysore Yashavanthi , Hytti Maria , Deen Ashik Jawahar , Ranta-aho Sofia , Piippo Niina , Toppila Maija , Loukovaara Sirpa , Harju Niina , Kauppinen Anu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) develops after an unsuccessful or complicated recovery from rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery. Intraocular scar formation with the contribution of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in RPE cells is prominent in the pathology of PVR. In the present study, the EMT process was experimentally induced in human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE; ARPE-19) cells, and the effect of atorvastatin on the process was studied. The mRNA and protein levels of mesenchymal markers actin alpha 2 (ACTA2) / alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin (FN), and epithelial markers occludin (OCLN) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) were measured using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blot methods, respectively. In addition, α-SMA and FN were visualized using immunofluorescence staining. Cells were photographed under a phase contrast light microscope. Changes in the functionality of cells following the EMT process were studied using the IncuCyte scratch wound cell migration assay and the collagen cell invasion assay with confocal microscopy. The induction of EMT in ARPE-19 cells increased the expression of mesenchymal markers ACTA2/α-SMA and fibronectin and reduced the expression of epithelial marker OCLN both at mRNA and protein levels. The mRNA levels of ZO-1 were lower after EMT, as well. Increased levels of α-SMA and FN were confirmed by immunofluorescence staining. Atorvastatin further increased the mRNA levels of mesenchymal markers ACTA2 and FN as well as the protein levels of α-SMA and reduced the mRNA levels of epithelial markers OCLN and ZO-1 under the EMT process. EMT promoted wound closure and cell invasion into the 3D collagen matrix when compared to untreated control cells. These data present cellular changes upon the induction of the EMT process in ARPE-19 cells and the propensity of atorvastatin to complement the effect. More studies are needed to confirm the exact influence of the EMT process and atorvastatin treatment on the PVR development after RRD surgery.
Staatliche Anerkennung von Sozialarbeiter_innen und Sozialpädagog_innen
Authors: Dörr Margret , Klomann Verena 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie staatliche Anerkennung von Sozialarbeiter_innen und Sozialpädagog_innen blickt auf eine lange Tradition zurück und ist seit vielen Jahren Gegenstand zahlreicher und kontroverser Auseinandersetzungen. Der Beitrag widmet sich neben einer grundlegenden Einführung zur Thematik, der gegenwärtigen Relevanz sowie der aktuellen Vergabepraxis der staatlichen Anerkennung, identifiziert zentrale Diskussionsbedarfe und führt in den Schwerpunkt ein.
Plasma ctDNA enhances the tissue-based detection of oncodriver mutations in colorectal cancer
Authors: Wang Wei , Huang Yisen , Kong Jianqiao , Lu Lin , Liao Qianxiu , Zhu Jingtao , Wang Tinghao , Yan Linghua , Dai Min , Chen Zhan , You Jun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The advent of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) technology has provided a convenient and noninvasive means to continuously monitor cancer genomic data, facilitating personalized cancer treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the supplementary benefits of plasma ctDNA alongside traditional tissue-based next-generation sequencing (NGS) in identifying targetable mutations and tumor mutational burden (TMB) in colorectal cancers (CRC).

Methods
Our study involved 76 CRC patients, collecting both tissue and plasma samples for NGS. We assessed the concordance of gene mutational status between ctDNA and tissue, focusing on actionable genes such as KRAS, NRAS, PIK3CA, BRAF, and ERBB2. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore variables associated with discordance and positive mutation rates.

Results
In total, 26 cancer-related genes were identified. The most common variants in tumor tissues and plasma samples were in APC (57.9% vs 19.7%), TP53 (55.3% vs 22.4%) and KRAS (47.4% vs 43.4%). Tissue and ctDNA showed an overall concordance of 73.53% in detecting actionable gene mutations. Notably, plasma ctDNA improved detection for certain genes and gene pools. Variables significantly associated with discordance included gender and peritoneal metastases. TMB analysis revealed a higher detection rate in tissues compared to plasma, but combining both increased detection.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the importance of analyzing both tissue and plasma for detecting actionable mutations in CRC, with plasma ctDNA offering added value. Discordance is associated with gender and peritoneal metastases, and TMB analysis can benefit from a combination of tissue and plasma data. This approach provides valuable insights for personalized CRC treatment.