bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of genetic markers associated with hyperketonemia patterns in early lactation Holstein cows
Authors: Muniz Maria Malane M. , Serrenho Rita Couto , Duffield Todd , de Oliveira Junior Gerson A. , McArt Jessica A. A. , Baes Christine F. , Schenkel Flavio Schramm , Squires E. James 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKetosis, evidenced by hyperketonemia with elevated blood β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHB) levels, is a significant metabolic disorder of dairy cattle, typically diagnosed within the first 6 weeks post‐calving when high energy levels are essential to milk production. Our study aimed to identify genetic markers linked to hyperketonemia (HYK) patterns in Holstein cows during early lactation and compare these to HYK‐negative cows. We screened 964 cows for HYK using a threshold of BHB ≥1.2 mmol/L during the first 2 weeks postpartum (screening period, SP). Cows that tested negative initially were retested the following week. Cows were deemed HYK‐negative (CON group) if BHB levels were below 1.2 mmol/L in both tests, while those with BHB levels exceeding this threshold at any test were treated and classified as HYK‐positive (HYK+). Post‐treatment, HYK+ cows were monitored for two‐week follow‐up period (FP) and classified based on their recovery: cured (CUR; consistently low BHB), recurrent (REC; fluctuating BHB levels), severe (SEV; high initial BHB that decreased), or chronic (CHR; persistently high BHB). Using 489 cows that were genotyped, a GWAS was conducted using GCTA software, revealing significant associations of several SNPs across different HYK patterns when compared to the CON group. These SNPs were primarily linked to genes affecting milk traits and were enriched in biological pathways relevant to protein glycosylation, inflammatory response, glucose homeostasis, and fatty acid synthesis. Our findings highlight genomic regions, potential candidate genes, and biological pathways related to ketosis, underscoring potential targets for improving health management in dairy cattle. These insights could lead to better strategies for managing ketosis through genetic selection, ultimately enhancing dairy cattle welfare and productivity. Further research with a larger number of cows is recommended to validate these findings and help confirm the implicated SNPs and genes.
Character appearance in hologram tutors: Unveiling valence and learning enjoyment dynamics
Authors: Ramlie Mohd Khairulnizam , Mohamad Ali Ahmad Zamzuri 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundEffective communication in education employs diverse methods, with hologram technology representing teaching staff. Holograms, using different character realism levels, aim to sustain student interest and motivation. This study explores whether student valence, influenced by hologram tutor character appearance, significantly mediates the relationship between character realism and emotions in student learning.ObjectivesThe study aimed to determine whether valence acts as a significant mediator in the relationship between the appearance designs of three hologram tutor characters and students' overall enjoyment in learning.MethodsWe employed a quasi‐experimental design for this study to examine the relationship between hologram tutors and their effectiveness across three different levels of character realism. A total of 90 higher education institute students participated in the research. The data collection process utilised the Self‐Assessment Manikin (SAM) and the Achievement Emotion Questionnaire (AEQ) questionnaire sets. Regression analysis, following Baron and Kenny (1986) model, was applied to test and analyse whether students' enjoyment attributed to the hologram tutor's character design acted as a significant mediator.ResultsThe findings surprisingly revealed no significant mediating effect when employing an appropriate hologram tutor character appearance. There was no statistically significant regression observed in the relationship between hologram tutor appearance and overall learning enjoyment. Notably, the enjoyment mean scores for all character designs were within the positive emotions range.ConclusionIn conclusion, the enjoyment experienced by students due to the hologram tutor's character design does not emerge as a significant mediator in the relationship between the level of realism of the hologram tutor and the emotional responses in student learning. The contributing factors influencing this finding are elaborated upon in the subsequent discussion.ImplicationsThis study brings novel insights to the use of hologram tutor character appearance, aiming to enhance valence and emotional engagement in student learning experiences. The findings contribute to understanding effective strategies for utilising hologram technology in education.
Gastrointestinal side effects of somatostatin analogs in neuroendocrine tumors: a focused review
Authors: Marasco Matteo , Dell'Unto Elisabetta , Laviano Alessandro , Campana Davide , Panzuto Francesco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a group of well‐differentiated heterogeneous neoplasms characterized by slow progression and distinct clinical and biological behavior. In the majority of patients with NET, first‐line treatment is represented by somatostatin analogs (SSAs) that, despite being drugs with high tolerability (even at high doses) and providing to carcinoid symptoms control and anti‐proliferative effects, may present some side effects, with potential impact on quality of life and nutritional status. The most frequent side effects are represented by gastrointestinal events in particular alterations in bowel habits (diarrhea and constipation), abdominal pain, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and cholelithiasis. Considering the relative rarity of NETs, literature about frequency and standard clinical management of adverse events SSA‐related is still lacking and heterogeneous. The aim of this review is to arm gastroenterologists and other physicians treating NET patients with essential knowledge on the side effects of SSAs. By identifying and managing these adverse events early, healthcare professionals can offer optimal care, avert foreseeable complications, and ensure the best outcomes for patients. Without such early recognition, there is a risk of diminishing the patient's quality of life and their ability to sustain treatment over time.
Grandparents' and domestic helpers' childcare support: Implications for well‐being in Asian families
Authors: Sudo Mioko , Low Petrina Hui Xian , Kyeong Yena , Meaney Michael J. , Kee Michelle Z. L. , Chen Helen , Broekman Birit F. P. , Nadarajan Ranjani , Rifkin‐Graboi Anne , Tiemeier Henning , Setoh Peipei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate whether childcare support from grandparents and domestic helpers is associated with family well‐being in Singapore, with a focus on parent and child psychological well‐being as well as the quality of interactions and relationships within the family.BackgroundResearch on the implications of childcare support from maternal grandparents, paternal grandparents, and domestic helpers for family well‐being remains a gap in the literature. This involvement could enhance family well‐being through instrumental assistance and emotional encouragement in childcare. However, it could also create a negative emotional climate for families if the relationship of the mother with the grandparents or domestic helper is marked by conflict.MethodThis study used questionnaire data from 615 mother–child dyads from the birth cohort, Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes. The exposure variable was children's caregiving arrangements assessed at child ages 4.5 and 6 years, and the outcome variables were maternal well‐being, maternal parenting, and family functioning measured at concurrent assessments, and child well‐being assessed at age 10 years.ResultsChildcare support from maternal grandparents, but not from paternal grandparents or domestic helpers, showed concurrent associations with warmer parenting by mothers at child ages 4.5 and 6 years. Early childcare support from domestic helpers at child age 6 years predicted higher depressive symptoms in children at age 10 years.ConclusionOur findings suggest that childcare support from maternal grandparents, who are most likely to share a close bond and value system with mothers, could be most beneficial for families in Singapore.
Striving to contribute to the greater good: Changes in self‐transcendent versus self‐enhancement career strivings during a global pandemic
Authors: Hirschi Andreas , Schläpfer Dawa , Spurk Daniel , Akkermans Jos 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic, as a major crisis event, could have changed people's career goals. We examined change trajectories in self‐transcendent versus self‐enhancement career strivings during the COVID‐19 pandemic among 662 employees from Germany with eight measurement waves across 7 months. Building on event systems theory and the literature on prosocial motivation and altruism, we examined whether affective and cognitive self‐focused and other‐focused reactions to the pandemic (i.e., personal distress, empathic concern, and perceived responsibility) predicted differences in changes in career strivings. Analyses with growth curve mixture modelling suggest three distinct groups in terms of stable (N = 537), declining (N = 12), and increasing (N = 113) self‐transcendent versus self‐enhancement career strivings. Controlling various individual and contextual factors, membership in the increasing group was predicted by more empathic concern for people negatively affected by the COVID crisis. In addition, less dispositional self‐concern, more other‐concern, less job insecurity, experiencing job loss and less career impact of the pandemic predicted an increasing self‐transcendent versus self‐enhancement career strivings trajectory compared to other trajectories. The results imply that career strivings can change during major crisis events, predicted by empathic reactions to the effects of the crisis and personal dispositions and contextual factors.
Chronic short sleep duration lengthens reaction time, but the deficit is not associated with motor preparation
Authors: Dutil Caroline , De Pieri Julia , Sadler Christin M. , Maslovat Dana , Chaput Jean‐Philippe , Carlsen Anthony N. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to investigate the association between chronic sleep duration and reaction time performance and motor preparation during a simple reaction time task with a startling acoustic stimulus in adults. This cross‐sectional study included self‐reported short sleepers (n = 25, ≤ 6 hr per night) and adequate sleepers (n = 25, ≥ 7.5 hr per night) who performed a simple reaction time task requiring a targeted ballistic wrist extension in response to either a control‐tone (80 dB) or a startling acoustic stimulus (120 dB). Outcome measures included reaction times for each stimulus (overall and for each trial block), lapses, and proportion of startle responses. Chronic short sleepers slept on average 5.7 hr per night in the previous month, which was 2.8 hr per night less than the adequate sleepers. Results revealed an interaction between sleep duration group and stimulus type; the short sleepers had significantly slower control‐tone reaction times compared with adequate sleepers, but there was no significant difference in reaction time between groups for the startling acoustic stimulus. Further investigation showed that chronic short sleepers had significantly slower control‐tone reaction times after two blocks of trials lasting about 5 min, until the end of the task. Lapses were not significantly different between groups. Chronic short sleep duration was associated with poorer performance; however, these reaction time deficits cannot be attributed to motor preparation, as startling acoustic stimulus reaction times were not different between sleep duration groups. While time‐on‐task performance decrements were associated with chronic sleep duration, alertness was not. Sleeping less than the recommended sleep duration on a regular basis is associated with poorer cognitive performance, which becomes evident after 5 min.
Treatment decisions based on HBV DNA
Authors: Lim Young‐Suk 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide is chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB). Long‐term suppression of HBV replication by antiviral treatment reduces the risk of HCC and mortality. Nonetheless, only 2.2% of CHB patients globally received the treatment in 2019. Current international CHB guidelines recommend antiviral treatment only in subsets of patients with clear evidence of liver damage as evidenced by elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). This review aims to provide existing evidence that the risk of HCC is significantly associated with serum levels of HBV DNA, and the association is non‐linear parabolic, in both untreated and treated CHB patients, regardless of HBeAg status or ALT levels. Therefore, the decision for the antiviral treatment should be based on serum HBV DNA levels and age, rather than ALT levels or liver biopsy, to reduce or prevent the risk of HCC in CHB patients. The potential impact and cost‐effectiveness data on early antiviral treatment initiation were also collated.
Maternal serum unmetabolized folic acid concentration following multivitamin and mineral supplementation with or without folic acid after 12 weeks gestation: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sulistyoningrum Dian C. , Sullivan Thomas R. , Skubisz Monika , Palmer Debra J. , Wood Simon , Ueland Per Magne , McCann Adrian , Makrides Maria , Green Timothy J. , Best Karen P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPregnant women are advised to take folic acid (FA) supplements before conception and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Many women continue FA supplementation throughout pregnancy, and concerns have been raised about associations between excessive FA intake and adverse maternal and child health outcomes. Unmetabolized folic acid (UMFA) is found in serum after high FA intakes and is proposed as a biomarker for excessive FA intake. We aimed to determine if removing FA from prenatal micronutrient supplements after 12 weeks of pregnancy reduces serum UMFA concentrations at 36 weeks gestation. In this double‐blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in South Australia, 103 women with a singleton pregnancy were randomly assigned at 12–16 weeks gestation to take a micronutrient supplement containing no FA or 800 µg/day FA from enrollment until 36 weeks gestation. Ninety women (0 µg/day FA n = 46; 800 µg/day FA n = 44) completed the study. Mean, UMFA concentration was lower in the women randomized to the 0 µg/day group compared to the 800 µg/day FA group, 0.6 ± 0.7 and 1.4 ± 2.7 nmol/L, respectively. The adjusted mean difference (95% CI) in UMFA between the groups was [‐0.85 (−1.62, −0.08) nmol/L, p = 0.03]. Maternal serum and red blood cell folate concentrations were lower in the 0 µg/day FA group than in the 800 µg/day group (median 23.2 vs. 49.3 and 1335 vs. 1914 nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.001). Removing FA at 12–16 weeks gestation from prenatal micronutrient supplements reduced the concentration of UMFA at 36 weeks gestation.
Characteristics of infant formula consumed in the first months of life and allergy in the EDEN mother–child cohort
Authors: Adjibade Moufidath , Vigneron Lucille , Delvert Rosalie , Adel‐Patient Karine , Divaret‐Chauveau Amandine , Annesi‐Maesano Isabella , Heude Barbara , Charles Marie‐Aline , de Lauzon‐Guillain Blandine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe evidence regarding the association between infant formula (IF) composition and the prevention of allergy and respiratory diseases remains sparse and inconclusive. This study aimed to evaluate whether some IF characteristics were associated with the risk of allergy or respiratory diseases in childhood. Among 1243 formula‐fed children from the EDEN mother–child cohort, IF characteristics concerning long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) enrichment, prebiotic/probiotic enrichment, and hydrolysis of proteins were identified from the ingredients list. Eczema, wheezing, food allergy, asthma, and allergic rhinitis up to age 8 years were prospectively collected and summarized into four allergic and respiratory multimorbidity clusters. Associations between 4‐month IF characteristics and risk of allergy or respiratory diseases were tested using logistic regressions adjusted on main confounders. The consumption of LCPUFA‐enriched formula was not linked to allergic and respiratory multimorbidity clusters, but to a lower risk of any allergy, eczema, and wheezing. Probiotic‐enriched formula consumption was associated with a lower risk of belonging to the ‘Allergy without asthma’ cluster (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval, CI] = 0.63 [0.40–0.99]), and consumption of a formula enriched in Bifidobacterium lactis was associated with a lower risk of any allergy (OR [95% CI] = 0.59 [0.41–0.85]). Partially hydrolysed formula (pHF) consumption was associated with a higher risk of belonging to the ‘Allergy without asthma’ cluster (OR [95% CI] = 2.73 [1.65–4.51]). This study confirms the positive association between pHF consumption and the risk of allergy found in previous observational studies and suggests that consumption of LCPUFA‐enriched or probiotic‐enriched formula was associated with a lower risk of allergy.
Drought effects on trait space of winter wheat are independent of land management
Authors: Sun Qing , Gilgen Anna K. , Wittwer Raphaël , von Arx Georg , van der Heijden Marcel G. A. , Klaus Valentin H. , Buchmann Nina 
Published: May 2024

Summary

Investigating plant responses to climate change is key to develop suitable adaptation strategies. However, whether changes in land management can alleviate increasing drought threats to crops in the future is still unclear.

We conducted a management × drought experiment with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to study plant water and vegetative traits in response to drought and management (conventional vs organic farming, with intensive vs conservation tillage). Water traits (root water uptake pattern, stem metaxylem area, leaf water potential, stomatal conductance) and vegetative traits (plant height, leaf area, leaf Chl content) were considered simultaneously to characterise the variability of multiple traits in a trait space, using principal component analysis.

Management could not alleviate the drought impacts on plant water traits as it mainly affected vegetative traits, with yields ultimately being affected by both management and drought. Trait spaces were clearly separated between organic and conventional management as well as between drought and control conditions. Moreover, changes in trait space triggered by management and drought were independent from each other.

Neither organic management nor conservation tillage eased drought impacts on winter wheat. Thus, our study raised concerns about the effectiveness of these management options as adaptation strategies to climate change.
Evaluation of hard palate and cleft morphology in neonates with Pierre Robin Sequence and Cleft Palate Only
Authors: Willershausen Ines , Krautkremer Nils , Ströbel Armin , Abu‐Tair Tariq , Paulsen Friedrich , Strobel Karin , Kopp Markus , May Matthias Stefan , Uder Michael , Krautkremer Franziska , Gölz Lina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to establish a fully digital measurement protocol for standardizing the description of hard palate and cleft morphology in neonates with an isolated cleft palate (CPO) and Pierre Robin sequence (PRS).Materials and MethodsA total of 20 digitized plaster models of neonates with CPO and 20 digitized plaster models of neonates with PRS were retrospectively investigated. For the control group, the hard palate was segmented from 21 pre‐existing 1.5 T MRI datasets of neonates and exported as an STL file. The digital models were marked with predefined reference points by three raters. Distance, angular, and area measurements were performed using Blender and MeshLab.ResultsNeonates with CPO (20.20 ± 2.33 mm) and PRS (21.41 ± 1.81 mm) had a significantly shorter hard palate than the control group (23.44 ± 2.24 mm) (CPO vs. control: P < .001; PRS vs. control: P = .014). Notably, neonates with PRS (33.05 ± 1.95 mm) demonstrated a significantly wider intertuberosity distance than those with CPO (30.52 ± 2.28 mm) (P = .012). Furthermore, there were also significant differences measured between the cleft and control groups (25.22 ± 2.50 mm) (P < .001).ConclusionsThe data from this study demonstrate the feasibility of using MRI datasets to generate digital models of the hard palate. The presence of a cleft palate leads to pronounced adaptations of the total palatal surface area, dorsal width, and length of the hard palate. Mandibular retrognathia and altered tongue position in PRS, as opposed to CPO, might further impact palatal morphology and intertuberosity distance.
Peanut oral immunotherapy using an extensively heated and baked novel composition of peanuts
Authors: Kidon Mona I. , Shavit Ronen , Levy Yael , Haj Yahia Soad , Machnes‐Maayan Diti , Frizinsky Shirly , Maoz‐Segal Ramit , Offenganden Irena , Kenett Ron S. , Nancy Agmon‐Levin , Hovav Ran 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundOral immunotherapy (OIT) is an increasingly acceptable therapeutic option for peanut‐allergic (PA) children, despite significant side effects. Major peanut allergenic proteins are heat‐resistant and are not rendered hypoallergenic after baking or cooking. Lyophilized peanut protein—MH (LPP‐MH) is a novel composition from developing peanuts, enabling cooking‐induced reduction in allergenicity. We aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of OIT, with extensively heated and baked (EHEB) LPP‐MH in PA children.MethodsIn a single‐arm, single‐center, pilot study, PA children with a single highest tolerated dose of <100 mg peanut protein were placed on a 40‐week OIT protocol with 300 mg daily of heat‐treated LPP‐MH. A repeat open peanut food challenge was performed after 40 weeks of treatment and at a 6–12 months of follow‐up visit.ResultsThirty‐three children with PA were enrolled, with a mean cumulative tolerated dose (MCTD) of 71.2 mg PP (95% CI 45–100 mg). After 40 weeks, 32/33 patients were able to consume more than 300 mg of natural PP, with MCTD of 1709 mg (CI 365–3675 mg). There were no severe allergic reactions requiring epinephrine, during any of the observed LPP‐MH challenges or any treatment related doses at home. After 6–12 months on daily maintenance, the MCTD was 8821 mg (95% CI 1930–13,500 mg). This enabled most children age‐appropriate dietary inclusion of peanuts.ConclusionAn OIT protocol with heat‐treated LPP‐MH, a novel composition from developing peanuts, seems a potentially safe and efficacious OIT modality for PA children, enabling the introduction of dietary levels of peanut proteins in highly allergic PA children. Validation in randomized controlled studies is mandated.