bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance and therapeutic potential of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lee Nikki P. , Tsang Felice H. , Shek Felix H. , Mao Mao , Dai Hongyue , Zhang Chunsheng , Dong Suisui , Guan Xin‐yuan , Poon Ronnie T.P. , Luk John M. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractUsing comparative proteomic and genomic approaches, the authors identified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) as an oncofetal molecule highly abundant in mouse embryonic livers and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. To evaluate the oncogenic role and prognostic significance of eIF5A in HCC, we investigate the expression patterns of the two isoforms (eIF5A1 and eIF5A2) in a cohort of 258 HCC cases by cDNA microarray. Both eIF5A isoforms were expressed in the tumors, and clinically correlated eIF5A1 with more numbers of tumor nodules and eIF5A2 with tumor venous infiltration in HCC. In a separate cohort of 50 HCCs, high level of eIF5A2, but not eIF5A1, was associated with elevated levels of deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase that catalyze post‐translational hypusination of eIF5A protein. Interestingly, N1‐guanyl‐1,7‐diaminoheptane (GC7), which is an inhibitor for the first step of eIF5A hypusination, was shown to significantly impair the cell proliferation and invasion of primary HCC cells (HepG2 and Hep3B). To further demonstrate the tumorigenic role associated with eIF5A, a drastic reduction of cell proliferation was associated with suppression of eIF5A2 by transfecting Hep3B, H2‐P and H2‐M HCC cells expressing high level of this isoform using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against eIF5A2. For these assays, a milder response was usually observed in normal hepatocyte cell line. Therefore, these findings suggest that eIF5A plays an important role in HCC tumorigenesis and metastasis, and targeting eIF5A hypusination by GC7 inhibitor or eIF5A2 by RNA interference (RNAi) may offer new therapeutic alternatives to HCC patients.
Methylation of histone H3 and H4 by PRMT5 regulates ribosomal RNA gene transcription
Authors: Majumder Sarmila , Alinari Lapo , Roy Satavisha , Miller Tyler , Datta Jharna , Sif Said , Baiocchi Robert , Jacob Samson T 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn an effort to understand the epigenetic regulation of ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) expression we have previously demonstrated the role of DNA methyltransferases and methyl CpG binding proteins in rRNA synthesis. Here, we studied the role of protein arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and the two methylated histones H3R8Me2 and H4R3Me2, in rDNA expression in Epstein Barr virus‐ transformed primary B‐cells (LCLs) and in HeLa cells responding to serum‐regulated growth. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that histones H3 and H4 associated with rRNA promoters were differentially methylated at arginine residues 8 and 3, respectively, depending on its transcriptional activity. Association of PRMT5 and methylated H3 with the unmethylated promoters in resting B‐cells was significantly reduced in rapidly growing LCLs. Unlike PRMT5 and H3R8Me2, histone H4 associated with both methylated and unmethylated rRNA promoters in resting B‐cells was methylated at the R3 residue. However, a dramatic decrease in R3 methylation of H4 recruited to the unmethylated rRNA promoters was observed in LCLs while it remained unaltered in the fraction bound to the methylated promoters. Differential interaction of PRMT5 and methylation of H3 and H4 associated with the rRNA promoters was also observed when serum starved HeLa cells were allowed to grow in serum replenished media. Ectopic expression of PRMT5 suppressed activity of both unmethylated and methylated rRNA promoter in transient transfection assay whereas siRNA mediated knockdown of PRMT5 increased rRNA synthesis in HeLa cells. These data suggest a key role of PRMT5 and the two methylated histones in regulating rRNA promoter activity. J. Cell. Biochem. 109: 553–563, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Connectivity keeping paths in k‐connected graphs
Authors: Mader W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA result of G. Chartrand, A. Kaugars, and D. R. Lick [Proc Amer Math Soc 32 (1972), 63–68] says that every finite, k‐connected graph G of minimum degree at least ⌊3k/2⌋ contains a vertex x such that G−x is still k‐connected. We generalize this result by proving that every finite, k‐connected graph G of minimum degree at least ⌊3k/2⌋+m−1 for a positive integer m contains a path P of length m−1 such that G−V(P) is still k‐connected. This has been conjectured in a weaker form by S. Fujita and K. Kawarabayashi [J Combin Theory Ser B 98 (2008), 805–811]. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 61–69, 2010.
Antifouling poly(vinylidene fluoride) ultrafiltration membranes containing amphiphilic comb polymer additive
Authors: Koh Jong Kwan , Kim Yong Woo , Ahn Sung Hoon , Min Byoung Ryul , Kim Jong Hak 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAn amphiphilic comb polymer consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐co‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF‐co‐CTFE)] main chains and poly(oxyethylene methacrylate) (POEM) side chains was synthesized using direct initiation of the chlorine atoms in CTFE units through atom transfer radical polymerization, as confirmed by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The P(VDF‐co‐CTFE)‐g‐POEM comb polymer was introduced as an additive to prepare poly(vinylidene fluoride) antifouling ultrafiltration membranes. As the contents of comb polymer increased, the mechanical properties of membranes slightly decreased due to the decreased crystallinity of the membranes, as revealed by universal testing machine and X‐ray diffraction. However, water contact angle measurement and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the hydrophilic POEM segments spontaneously segregated on the membrane surfaces. As a result, the antifouling property of the membranes containing P(VDF‐co‐CTFE)‐g‐POEM comb polymer was considerably improved with a slight change of water flux. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 183–189, 2010
HNF1B and JAZF1 genes, diabetes, and prostate cancer risk
Authors: Stevens Victoria L. , Ahn Jiyoung , Sun Juzhong , Jacobs Eric J. , Moore Steven C. , Patel Alpa V. , Berndt Sonja I. , Albanes Demetrius , Hayes Richard B. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDEpidemiologic studies have shown that men with type II diabetes have a lower risk of prostate cancer than non‐diabetic men. Recently, common variants in two genes, HNF1B and JAZF1, were found to be associated with both of these diseases.METHODSWe examined whether the relationship between HNF1B and JAZF1 variants and decreased prostate cancer risk may potentially be mediated through diabetes in two large prospective studies, the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort and the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial.RESULTSThree HNF1B SNPS, rs11649743, rs4430796, and rs7501939, were associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer and were also associated, with marginal statistical significance, with increased risk of diabetes. The JAZF1 SNPs rs6968704 and rs10486567 were associated with decreased risk of prostate cancer but were not associated with diabetes. All five SNP–prostate cancer relationships did not substantially differ when the analyses were stratified by diabetic status or when diabetic status was controlled for in the model. Furthermore, the association of diabetes with prostate cancer was not altered when the SNPs were included in the logistic model.CONCLUSIONSThese findings indicate that the HNF1B variants are directly associated with both diabetes and prostate cancer, that diabetes does not mediate these gene variant–prostate cancer relationships, and the relationship between these diseases is not mediated through these gene variants. Prostate 70: 601–607, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Degradation of InGaN‐based laser diodes due to increased non‐radiative recombination rate
Authors: Trivellin N. , Meneghini M. , Zanoni E. , Meneghesso G. , Orita K. , Yuri M. , Tanaka T. , Ueda D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWith this paper we analyze the correlation between the degradation of InGaN‐based laser diodes (LDs) and the increase in the non‐radiative recombination rate in the active region. Several 405 nm MOCVD LDs have been submitted to CW stress, for 2000 h (stress current in the range 40–100 mA, case temperature = 75 °C). During stress, we extensively evaluated the optical characteristics of the LDs: a technique for the evaluation of the non‐radiative recombination lifetime (τnr) in the active material was developed and used for the analysis of the stress effects. We demonstrate the following: (1) degradation determines the increase in LDs threshold current (Ith) and the decrease in the τnr; (2) degradation of Ith and τnr have similar kinetics; and (3) the degradation rate of the LDs is almost linearly related to the stress current level. The degradation process is therefore ascribed to the decrease of internal quantum efficiency caused by the increase of the non‐radiative recombination rate in the active region.
Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 6/12
Authors: Krotkus Arūnas , Valušis Gintaras , Adomavičius Ramūnas 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis issue contains a selection of papers presented at the 15th International Semiconducting and Insulating Materials Conference (SIMC‐XV), held at the Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania, from 15 to 19 June 2009. It was jointly organized by the Semiconductor Physics Institute and the Vilnius University, both in Vilnius, Lithuania. SIMC‐XV is the latest in a biennial conference series, initiated in 1980 in Nottingham, UK. This conference has a long history of providing a forum for exchanging ideas for researchers active in the fields of semiconducting and insulating materials. Over its 29 year long history, during which SIMC was held in 11 countries on 4 continents, one feature has not changed: it is a premier conference series that builds bridges between experts investigating material technology, their properties, and device applications.SIMC‐XV was attended by about 100 people from 22 countries. The technical sessions encompassed many new and developing topics, which included wide bandgap compound semiconductors, diluted nitride and bismide compounds, low dimensional semiconductor nanostructures, and complex oxide materials. The conference was arranged into 16 oral sessions that included 22 invited talks presented by distinguished experts in their fields and 39 contributed talks. 35 more contributions were presented as posters. The selection of the papers presented in this volume reflects the multidisciplinary and multinational nature of the SIMC series.We offer our thanks to all members of the conference committees staff and students of the Semiconductor Physics Institute and all the SIMC‐XV participants for their contributions to the success of the conference. We are especially indebted to Dr. Renata Butkutė, Dr. Vaidas Pačebutas, and Prof. Kęstutis Jarašiūnas for their invaluable help in organizing the conference. Our acknowledgements also go to our sponsors – Lithuanian Physical Society, Vilnius University, Lithuanian State Science and Studies Foundation, Office of Naval Research Global, TECO René Koch, Labochema, SVT Associates, Inc., Veeco, TeraVil, and EKSPLA for their financial support that has made SIMC‐XV possible.We wish Prof. Sebastian Lourdudoss, the chair of SIMC‐XVI, success in organizing the next conference in Stockholm, Sweden, in 2011 (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neue Verbund‐Schrägseilbrücken (BW 29 und 4) im Zuge der BAB 30 – Nordumgehung Bad Oeynhausen
Authors: Frickel Jörg , Schubart Ralf , Hamme Markus , Fischer Tobias 
Published: December 2009

AbstractZur Zeit befindet sich der Lückenschluss der BAB 30 als sogenannte Nordumgehung Bad Oeynhausen im Bau. In diesem Rahmen werden am östlichen und westlichen Ende der Nordumgehung die Bauwerke 29 und 4 erstellt. Hierbei handelt es sich um Schrägseilbrücken in Verbaundbauweise, welche architektonische Landmarken an den Enden der Nordumgehung Bad Oeynhausen setzen. Beide Bauwerke überführen die BAB 30 über den Fluss Werre. Die Stromöffnungen betragen ca. 68 m bzw. ca. 83 m und sind damit für Schrägseilbrücken vergleichsweise gering. Aufgrund der Lage im Krümmungsbereich, der örtlichen Randbedingungen (u. a. große Schiefe wegen des Kreuzungswinkels) sowie des FFH‐Status der Werre ergab sich im Rahmen der Entwurfsplanung eine anspruchsvolle Aufgabenstellung. Trotz eines ähnlichen Erscheinungsbildes unterscheiden sich beide Bauwerke jedoch maßgeblich in ihrer Konstruktion durch die Anzahl der Seilebenen und die Ausbildung der Seilquerträger. Der Aufsatz beschreibt die wesentlichen statisch‐konstruktiven Besonderheiten der Bauwerke aus Sicht der Entwurfsverfasser.New cable‐stayed bridges (Structure 29 and 4) in the course of the Autobahn A 30 – Northern bypass at Bad Oeynhausen.Closing a gap in the course of the Autobahn A 30, the Northern bypass at Bad Oeynhausen is currently under construction. Within this project two cable‐stayed bridges, Structure 29 and 4, are being constructed at the Western and Eastern ends of the bypass. The bridges are of composite construction and they have been architecturally designed to form landmarks at the respective ends of the Bad Oeynhausen bypass. Both structures carry the Autobahn A 30 across the river Werre. The main spans measure 68 m and 83 m respectively and are thus fairly short for cable‐stayed bridges. Due to the location in curved sections of the Autobahn, local constraints (such as a large skew because of the crossing angle) and the Werre being a nature reserve with FFH status, the structural design has been a demanding task. In spite of having a similar appearance both structures differ significantly in number of cable planes and the construction of the transversal girder for cable anchorages. This article describes the distinctive features of both bridges from a static and structural point‐of‐view.
Verbund‐Opferzellen zum Schutz von Stützen bei Nahdetonation
Authors: Rutner Marcus P. , Albrecht Gert 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLasttragende Bauteile wie Erdgeschossstützen von Hochhäusern oder Brückenpfeiler, ausgeführt als Verbundkonstruktion, gewährleisten vermehrten Schutz bei Nahdetonation. Opferzellen, die um den Stützenquerschnitt konstruiert sind, schaffen zusätzliche Sicherheit. Sie bewirken, dass die Anströmfläche der Stütze erst bei relativ hohen reflektierten Drücken einreißt – meist an der Geländeoberkante. Untersucht wird, welcher Opferzellenquerschnitt durch Druckverteilung und Energieabsorption einen effektiven Schutz der abgeschirmten lasttragenden Stütze bietet. Außerdem wird der Frage nachgegangen, inwieweit der schichtweise alternierende Aufbau von verformbarem Material geringerer Dichte und von massigem Material hoher Steifigkeit im Opferzellenquerschnitt durch Impedanzfehlanpassung die lasttragende Stütze schützt. Impedanzfehlanpassung führt zu einer verstärkten Reflexion der Schockwellen und dadurch zu einer Reduzierung ihrer Transmission. Eine Schockwellenreflektion innerhalb des Opferzellenquerschnitts wirkt sich folglich günstig auf die zu schützende Konstruktion aus.Die Ergebnisse veranschaulichen das Schutzpotential und die Wirksamkeit von Opferzellen im Vergleich zu anderen Schutzmaßnahmen wie der Verwendung nachgiebiger Auflagerbedingungen und der Variation des Stützenquerschnitts. Die in Vergleichsberechnungen gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden in einem Bemessungsdiagramm zusammengefasst. Die Resttragfähigkeit der Stütze wird als Indikator für die Effektivität der untersuchten Schutztechnologien vorgestellt.Multi‐layer composite sacrificial cells to protect columns against close‐standoff blast.Composite cross sections have been shown to be generally well suited for constructing explosion‐resistant load‐bearing structural members, such as columns or bridge piers, with high protection demands. Composite sacrificial cells which are built around the member's cross section enhance the protection of columns and piers exposed to high dynamic loading. Due to energy absorption outside the load‐carrying cross section the reflected pressure and induced shock wave are significantly reduced. It is investigated whether the layer sequence of two distinct materials (a less dense, more deformable material versus one that is denser and stiffer) is measurably different for protection of other material layers including the structural member's inner core. We also study whether shock wave reflection and reduced transmission of shock waves, achieved with specific material layering in sacrificial cells, practically result in significant protection of the underlying structure.We also compare the protection potential of sacrificial cells with the effectiveness of other protective measures such as the variation of boundary condition and the cross section design. The paper finalizes with an elaborate design diagram which summarizes the residual axial capacity of columns after the blast event and the extent of damage when using sacrificial cells.
Efficiency of active systems in controlling base‐isolated buildings subjected to near‐fault earthquakes
Authors: Mehrparvar Behnam , Khoshnoudian Faramarz 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARYIt has been pointed out that base‐isolated structures may be vulnerable during near‐fault earthquakes and special considerations are required in the design of isolated structures in near‐fault areas. This paper investigates the efficiency of active control systems in reducing the responses of base‐isolated structures with various isolation parameters. The design of hybrid control systems using base isolation and active systems are optimized in order to accomplish different design purposes. Also for some cases, equivalent passive control systems are introduced which result in comparable responses with respect to hybrid control systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Potential Relationships Between Fatty Acid Compositions and Phytochemicals of Selected Low Linolenic Soybeans Grown in Maryland
Authors: Whent Monica , Slavin Margaret , Kenworthy William , Yu Liangli 
Published: December 2009

AbstractEight soybean genotypes grown in Maryland were analyzed for total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, isoflavone composition, lutein content, tocopherol composition, and fatty acid profile. The soybean samples consisted of seven low α‐linolenic (18:3n‐3) genotypes and 1 standard genotype for comparison. 18:3n‐3 levels were positively correlated with palmitic acid (16:0) content, and negatively correlated with oleic acid (18:1n‐9) concentration. Daidzein and genistein concentrations were positively correlated with 18:3n‐3 levels. α‐Tocopherol, γ‐tocopherol, and total tocopherol contents were negatively correlated with that for 18:3n‐3. Two of the reduced 18:3n‐3 genotypes contained significantly higher lutein levels than the non‐modified genotype. All genotypes contained similar antioxidant capacity to the non‐modified genotype. There were not significant differences among genotypes in relative 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·) scavenging capacity or oxygen radical absorbing capacity. No correlation was observed between 18:3n‐3 and antioxidant capacity. The results of this study show that the Maryland‐grown low 18:3n‐3 soybeans are sources of phytochemicals and antioxidants with potential health benefits. Specific genotypes may be selected for food production to obtain the most desirable combination of nutritional, nutraceutical, and chemical properties. The reduction in 18:3n‐3 may also influence the levels of other fatty acids and antioxidant compounds in soybeans.
Effectiveness of the immunomodulatory extract of Kalanchoe pinnata against murine visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: GOMES D. C. O. , MUZITANO M. F. , COSTA S. S. , ROSSI-BERGMANN B. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARYPreviously, we described the protective action of the immunomodulatory extract of Kalanchoe pinnata (Kp) in murine and human cutaneous leishmaniasis. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of Kp against visceral leishmaniasis, using the BALB/c mouse model of infection with Leishmania chagasi. Mice receiving oral daily doses of Kp (400 mg/kg) for 30 days displayed significantly reduced hepatic and splenic parasite burden, when compared with untreated animals. Protectiveness was accompanied by a reduction in parasite-specific IgG serum levels, and impaired capacity of spleen cells to produce IL-4, but not IFN-γ and nitric oxide upon antigen recall in vitro. The reference drug Pentostam (72 mg/kg) given by the intra-peritoneal route on alternate days produced an anti-leishmanial effect similar to oral Kp. Our findings show that the oral efficacy of Kp, seen previously in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis, extends also to visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. chagasi, a difficult to treat and lethal disease of man.
NewTrypanosoma (Duttonella) vivaxgenotypes from tsetse flies in East Africa
Authors: ADAMS E. R. , HAMILTON P. B. , RODRIGUES A. C. , MALELE I. I. , DELESPAUX V. , TEIXEIRA M. M. G. , GIBSON W. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARYSalivarian trypanosomes pose a substantial threat to livestock, but their full diversity is not known. To survey trypanosomes carried by tsetse in Tanzania, DNA samples from infected proboscides ofGlossina pallidipesandG. swynnertoniwere identified using fluorescent fragment length barcoding (FFLB), which discriminates species by size polymorphisms in multiple regions of the ribosomal RNA locus. FFLB identified the trypanosomes in 65 of 105 (61·9%) infected proboscides, revealing 9 mixed infections. Of 7 different FFLB profiles, 2 were similar but not identical to reference West AfricanTrypanosoma vivax; 5 other profiles belonged to known species also identified in fly midguts. Phylogenetic analysis of the glycosomal glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase gene revealed that the TanzanianT. vivaxsamples fell into 2 distinct groups, both outside the main clade of African and South AmericanT. vivax. These newT. vivaxgenotypes were common and widespread in tsetse in Tanzania. TheT. brucei-like trypanosome previously described from tsetse midguts was also found in 2 proboscides, demonstrating a salivarian transmission route. Investigation of mammalian host range and pathogenicity will reveal the importance of these new trypanosomes for the epidemiology and control of animal trypanosomiasis in East Africa.
Endocrine effects of the tapewormLigula intestinalisin its teleost host, the roach (Rutilus rutilus)
Authors: GERAUDIE P. , BOULANGE-LECOMTE C. , GERBRON M. , HINFRAY N. , BRION F. , MINIER C. 
Published: December 2009

SUMMARYThe effects of parasite infection by the cestodeLigula intestinalison the reproductive function and endocrine system of wild roachRutilus rutiluswere evaluated. Gonad maturation, plasma vitellogenin, plasma steroid concentrations (i.e. progesterone, 11-keto-testosterone and 17-β-estradiol) and brain aromatase activity were investigated in relation with parasitization. A low prevalence (8%) of ligulosed roach and a moderate impact of parasitization (mean parasitization index of 8·8%) were found in the studied population. Inhibition of gonad maturation generally resulted from infestation but 5% of the ligulosed roach nevertheless reached maturity. Main sex steroid plasma content was depleted in both genders. Male 11-keto-testosterone, female 17-β-estradiol and progesterone plasma concentrations of both genders were, respectively, 27, 5 and 3 times lower in ligulosed fish when compared to their non-infected counterparts. Progesterone levels were negatively correlated with the parasitization index in females. Brain aromatase activity of infected roach was reduced to 50% of that of the non-infected fish. These results demonstrate significant negative effects on the reproductive function of wild roach infected by the tapewormL. intestinaliscollected from a site with low contamination.