bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The rutting performance of cold bitumen emulsion mix using ground granulated blast furnace slag and lime as fillers
Authors: Prasad Deepak , Suman Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rutting is a worldwide recognized distress in bituminous pavement caused by repetitive passage of traffic loads at high temperature. High air voids and poor early strength of cold bitumen emulsion mix (CBEM) can cause rutting deformation even at lower temperatures, making it undesirable to practitioners. The CBEM can be effectively modified by using hydraulic materials as filler. The present study examines the effect of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and lime as fillers on rutting characteristics of CBEM at varying temperatures (i.e., 40, 50, 60 °C). The conventional stone dust (SD) filler was partially replaced by GGBFS. For further modification, lime was added in CBEM containing GGBFS. Initially mix were selected for rutting test based on the results obtained by Marshall stability, indirect tensile strength, retained Marshall stability, and tensile strength ratio tests. Based on these results, 80% of GGBFS was optimized for CBEM production. Incorporating 20% lime with 80% GGBFS in CBEM further improved the properties mentioned above. Both mixes were selected for the rutting test, along with CBEM containing 100% SD and CBEM containing 20% lime, which were also selected for comparison purposes. Wheel tracking device was used for rutting test on CBEM at varying temperatures. Based on results, it was found that increasing testing temperature increases the rutting deformation. However, the CBEM containing GGBFS and lime by 80% and 20% of total weight of filler in the mix, respectively, gave better rutting resistance at each testing temperature and provide less temperature sensitivity. So, this paper introduces the blended GGBFS and lime as a new composition in CBEM that provides improved laboratory strength, moisture susceptibility resistance, and rutting resistance.
Experimental study of thermal contacts for the enhancement of interfacial heat transfer
Authors: Asif Mohammad , Kumar Alok , Kamal Faiez Rashid , Hussain Taliv 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The thermal management in high-performance electronic devices demands the enhanced rate of heat dissipation for controlling operational temperatures and achieving optimal functioning. There are many interfaces in the heat dissipation circuit where thermal interface materials are applied to enhance heat transfer rate. An experimental investigation is presented on metallic contacts to study the interfacial heat transfer with and without a thermal interface material. Thermal contact conductance is known to be an important parameter estimated for the analysis of interfacial heat transfer across the thermal contacts. Therefore, the thermal contact conductance has been evaluated to identify an effective thermal interface material suitable for the present range of contact pressure and heat flux conditions. Silicone grease is a widely used thermal interface material in electronic industry. Thus, commercially available Silicone grease is evaluated in different boundary line thicknesses for a range of contact pressure and mean interface temperatures. Further, a novel composite thermal paste has been prepared by mixing cupric oxide nanopowder and Silicone grease in three different mass concentrations. Eventually, the results for the new thermal paste showed improved thermal contact conductance and lower interfacial temperature drops as compared to Silicone grease for similar test conditions with few limitations.
Victims and the Labour of Justice at the International Criminal Court
Authors: Ullrich Leila 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVictim participation at the ICC has routinely been viewed as an empty promise of justice or mere spectacle for audiences in the Global North, providing little benefit for victims. Why, then, do people in Kenya and Uganda engage in justice processes that offer so little, so late? How and why do they become the court’s victims and intermediaries, and what impact do these labels have on them?Victims and the Labour of Justice at the International Criminal Court offers a response to these poignant questions, demonstrating that the notion of ‘justice for victims’ is not merely symbolic, expressive, or instrumental. On the contrary — the book argues — the ICC’s methods of victim engagement are productive, reproducing the Court as a relevant institution and transforming victims in the Global South into highly gendered and racialized labouring subjects. Challenging the Court’s interplay with global capitalist relationships, the book makes visible the hidden labour of justice, and how it lures, disciplines, and blames both victims and victims’ advocates.Drawing on critical theory, criminological analysis, and multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in The Hague, Kenya, and Uganda, Victims and the Labour of Justice at the International Criminal Court illuminates how the drive to include victims as participants in international criminal justice proceedings also creates and disciplines them as blameworthy capitalist subjects. Yet, as victim workers learn to ‘stop crying’, ‘be peaceful’, ‘get married’, ‘work hard’, and ‘repay debt’, they also begin to challenge the terms of global justice.
Introduction
Authors: Ullrich Leila 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe International Criminal Court (ICC) provides victims with extensive rights to participate in the legal proceedings and to receive reparations, yet few scholars have been impressed. Legal scholars contend that these participatory measures interfere with the Court’s legal procedures while failing to offer anything meaningful to victims. Critical scholars argue that the ICC mobilizes ‘idealized’ and ‘passive’ victim figures to raise money and build its legitimacy with audiences in the Global North, while ‘real’ victims in the Global South are marginalized in the Court’s processes. This chapter problematizes both perspectives by showing that the ICC is more about victims than perpetrators, more about the Global South than the Global North, more about inclusion than exclusion, and more about labour and debt than about justice and punishment. Building on the insights of critical ideology theory and Marxist-Feminism, the chapter sketches how the Court’s victim engagement creates ‘victim labourers’ in its African situation countries who are ‘ready’ for their partial and precarious integration into global capitalist social relations.
International Legal Framework for the Protection of Geographical Indications in Africa
Authors: Schneider Marius , Ho Tu Nam Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter examines the international legal framework of World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) and World Trade Organization (WTO)-administered treaties for the protection of geographical indications (GIs). It mentions the Paris Convention, the Lisbon Agreement and the Geneva Act, in particular highlighting the relevant African member states. The chapter also focuses on the obligations imposed on states by the TRIPS Agreement for the protection of GIs. The chapter further describes the continental initiatives by the African Union to promote GIs and the inclusion of GIs under regional and/or bilateral trade agreements negotiated by the United States and the European Union with African states.
The African Regional Intellectual Property Organization
Authors: Schneider Marius , Ho Tu Nam Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO), which is one of the two regional intellectual property organizations in Africa. Most member states of ARIPO are anglophone countries found in Eastern and Southern Africa. ARIPO member states may become member to a number of protocols that each govern a specific intellectual property (IP) right: the Harare Protocol on Patents and Industrial Designs; the Banjul Protocol on Marks; the Swakopmund Protocol on Protection of Traditional Knowledge and Expressions of Folklore; and the Arusha Protocol for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants. The chapter details the various initiatives undertaken at the ARIPO in relation to GI. Till now, no GI protocol has, however, been adopted. The chapter outlines the mechanisms available in each member state to protect a GI and the possibility of using the Banjul Protocol on Marks.
Algeria
Authors: Schneider Marius , Ho Tu Nam Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on Algeria, which is located in the Maghreb region in northwest Africa. Algeria is the fourth largest economy in Africa, relying heavily on the hydrocarbon industry. Through its history as a proeminent wine producer, Algeria has played an important role in the French Appellation d’origine contrôlée, which is itself closely linked to the current European wine policy of Protected designation of origin. Algeria is not a member of the World Trade Organization. It is a member of the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration (Lisbon Agreement) of 1958. In Algeria, agricultural products and products of agricultural origin with qualities linked to their geographical origin may be registered as appellations of origin and geographical indications (GIs). Goods and services may also be registered as collective marks to guarantee their origin. This chapter looks at the registrability of names, the procedure and requirements for registration of both local and foreign GIs and collective marks, the term of protection , the rights of the owner against infringers and customs enforcement. The chapter ends by looking at whether Algeria is party to any bilateral agreements touching on GIs.
Angola
Authors: Schneider Marius , Ho Tu Nam Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses Angola, which is found in southwest Africa. Angola follows the Portuguese civil law tradition. It is a member of the World Trade Organization since 23 November 1996. There is no sui generis legislation regarding geographical indications (GIs) currently in force in Angola, although collective marks are available. This chapter looks at the registrability of names, the procedure and requirements for registration of both local and foreign GIs as collective marks, the term of protection of collective marks, the rights of a collective mark owner against infringers and customs enforcement. The chapter ends by looking at whether Angola is party to any bilateral agreements touching on GIs.
Nigeria
Authors: Schneider Marius , Ho Tu Nam Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter highlights Nigeria, which is located in West Africa. Nigeria is a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), although the extent to which the WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights provisions are directly applicable in Nigeria is debatable. In the absence of a sui generis system, it is not possible to register a geographical indication (GI). Certification marks are however available. The chapter discusses the registrability of names, the procedure and requirements for registration, the term of protection, the rights of the owner against infringers and customs enforcement of certification mark. The chapter ends by looking at whether there are any bilateral agreements regarding GIs to which Nigeria is a party.
Editorial Introduction
Authors: Heitlinger Sara , Foth Marcus , Clarke Rachel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This editorial preface introduced the edited collection “Designing More-than-Human Smart Cities: Beyond Sustainability, Towards Cohabitation.” It offers a summary of the editors’ overall thinking and rationale for the way this book demonstrates how more-than-human concepts are being brought into emergent design practices to support planetary wellbeing. Authors and their chapters are briefly introduced and include researchers and practitioners from urban planning, architecture, environmental humanities, geography, design, arts, and computing. Together, they illustrate key concepts using case studies that respond to the complex relationships between human and non-human others (such as animals and plants, as well as soil, rivers, data and sensors) in urban space. Drawing from existing theory, policy, practice and speculative design about how cities may evolve, the book makes a timely contribution to contemporary debates on sustainable smart cities and alternative forms of urban co-habitation.
From ‘Smart City’ to Wise City?
Authors: Jones Owain 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter seeks to explore a number of questions relating to smart city thinking and water. It points out that cities in ecological and in many more specific ways are ‘stupid spaces’, rife with a whole range of systemic shortcomings. The obvious attraction of smart technologies is the hope of addressing at least some of those shortcomings. But for cities to be wise, rather than smart, and deeper, an ecological view of sustainability is required. This will require pushing ideas of smartness, or wisdom, to embrace the non-human, ecological and the underpinning elemental flows of water which sustain all life.
Designing Data Dramas to Build Empathy to Nature through Collective Acts
Authors: Wolff Annika , Pässilä Anne , Owens Allan , Kantola Lasse 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Environmental data may play a part in urban planning, especially to evidence negative impacts of proposed development on nature. However, its utility is only as good as people’s capability and willingness to make sense of it. Data storytelling is a common communication technique, but still places the audience in a passive role. In this chapter we explore data drama as an active and collective way for embodying and understanding data. We locate this arts-based genre in relation to the fields of applied drama and theatre and drama education, critical pedagogy, arts-based research, and data science. The imagination, emotions, and feelings are as central to the arts as cognition and rationality are to data science. We thus demonstrate how data drama may be used to build empathy towards the hidden concerns that the data can reveal and thus help explore more-than-human aspects of urban development.
A City of Good Ancestors
Authors: Graham Mary , Maloney Michelle , Foth Marcus 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the future of more-than-human cities from a long-term perspective. Amid pressing issues such as climate change, social justice, and technological advancements, we consider how one might contemplate the development of cities and human settlements over the next 10,000 years. Drawing inspiration from Australian Aboriginal societies, known for their stable and spiritually rich governance systems, the chapter delves into foundational principles like the Relationist Ethos and Custodial Ethic. Part 1 introduces these pan-Aboriginal principles, emphasising the need for a relationist city focused on regenerative habitats and social justice. In Part 2, we explore how the Relationist Ethos can transform urban praxis by looking at the Greenprints framework, which facilitates the harmonious coexistence of cities and nature. Our exploration challenges urban governance professionals to build cities that serve as good ancestors for future generations of humans and more-than-humans.
More-than-Human Biographies
Authors: Wakkary Ron 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this chapter, I aim to glimpse the future of cities by focusing on the endings of designed things that make up our cities and the multispecies gatherings around things. I rely on the more-than-human concept of biography from the design theory of designing-with. The concept refers to the combined agentic forces of designer and thing, what they inscribe into the world, and what they leave behind. I discuss the biographies of a water-lily pond and a traffic intersection, and the human and non-human gatherings that participate in their making and unmaking. The chapter extends the idea of biographies to reveal the capacities of non-human agencies and temporalities in designing; the fragility, breakdown, and shifting ontologies of waste that are central to the making and remaking of cities; and the conceptualisation of a city as a braiding together of biographies and multispecies gatherings.
The Transformation of the Prohibition of Torture in International Law
Authors: Oette Lutz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The book analyses the nature, significance, and implications of the transformation of the prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment in international law. It demonstrates how this fundamental human rights norm has withstood challenges in the ‘war on terror’, albeit with ambivalent outcomes. In parallel, multidisciplinary scholarship, practice in the field, and jurisprudence have developed the conceptual understanding of torture and other ill-treatment, including their link with discrimination, and innovative approaches to prevention, accountability, and reparation. The prohibition has also benefited from cross-fertilization in its interaction with international criminal law, international humanitarian law, and international migration law, although not without facing challenges in terms of its interpretation and application. The book sets out a relational understanding of torture and other ill-treatment that locates them in wider power structures. It identifies the tensions and dialectics inherent in the prohibition between its conventional focus on extreme forms of state violence and broader, evolving understandings. Applying the prohibition to key twenty-first century challenges, particularly in respect of health, poverty, and climate change, the book argues that the prohibition plays a critical role in highlighting and addressing widespread, intolerable structural pain and suffering through an integrated human rights approach with a distinctive transformative focus and dimension. This includes interrogating the role of international law, and the international order more widely, in facilitating, legitimizing, and obscuring systemic suffering and degradation through legal concepts such as sovereignty, punitive social control, and detrimental economic policies.
Introduction
Authors: Oette Lutz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The introduction sets out the contours of the transformation forming the subject of the book and provides an overview of its contents. It highlights the dilemma of the prohibition of torture, particularly its problematic relationship to systemic suffering, which has formed part of critical inquiries of human rights theory and law, especially if viewed from the perspective of the ‘Global South’. In engaging with these concerns, it discusses notions of violence, particularly structural violence, which capture widespread, everyday suffering but have played a limited role in the context of the prohibition of torture. The introduction further examines the nature and role of the anti-torture movement in the transformation of the prohibition, emphasizing how the latter process is characterized by ongoing practices and interactions which produce normative developments. The author reflects on his positionality and experiences, using Sudan and Sri Lanka as examples. He argues that the struggle against torture, including legal strategies, resonates most where it is embedded and forms part of wider visions and efforts to address systemic political, legal, institutional, economic, social, and cultural challenges in a given context.
Contextualization: Towards Effective Prevention of and Justice for Torture
Authors: Oette Lutz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The chapter examines the three key components of states’ obligations deriving from the prohibition in international human rights law. It probes the relationship between the legal prohibition and prevention as a practice and situates the turn to holistic and situational torture prevention models in empirical work in the field. Following an analysis of the increasingly sophisticated standards on criminal accountability for torture, it interrogates the limitations and problematic aspects of the criminal and carceral turn in international human rights law. Reparation has firmly established itself as the victim-oriented dimension of the prohibition, although several grey areas and gaps constrain its potency. In addition, discourses and practices relating to victims’ rights risk creating exclusions that reflect prevailing privileges and bias. Building on the relational understandings developed in preceding chapters, the chapter sets out a transformative approach to accountability and reparation that is informed by experiences of persons at risk and torture survivors and is aimed at altering the structures and practices that produce and sustain torture and other ill-treatment.
Johann Sebastian Bach's Goldberg Variations Reimagined
Authors: Knyt Erinn E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This book provides the first detailed reception history of adaptations of Johann Sebastian Bach’s Aria mit 30 Veränderungen (Goldberg Variations, BWV 988). It documents multiple ways the work has appeared in arrangements, transcriptions, and re-compositions from 1800 to 2020. It examines adaptations for the traditional concert hall, theater, cinema, digital media, literature, visual art, and dance. In the process, the book reveals a dramatic increase in adaptations of the piece in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The reception history documented in the book also considers performance practice issues and the musical work concept. It shows that, particularly since the late 1980s, there has been a loosening of the regulative hold of the modernist work concept associated with single authorship, structural unity, and an autonomous score. The book thus contributes to recent studies about adaptations, the role of musical authorship, and changing notions of Bach and the work concept.
Prelude
Authors: Knyt Erinn E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter documents the early history of the Goldberg Variations, with particular attention to Ferruccio Busoni’s 1914 version of the piece. By examining nineteenth- and early twentieth-century editions and performances, it shows that transcriptions and arrangements of the piece for solo piano, piano duet, or two pianos were essential for the canonization of the Goldberg Variations in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries due to a dearth of two-manual harpsichords and due the length. In the process, it not only documents a little researched aspect of the piece’s reception history, but also lays the foundation for the book’s broader discussion of adaptations of the Goldberg Variations throughout the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
Continuation and desperation in contemporary multiseason television drama
Authors: Strong Jeremy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper examines how multiseason drama serials, including those characterized as ‘quality’ or ‘complex’ television, deliver their continuation across multiple seasons. It proposes ‘desperation’ as a distinctive storytelling modality in which continuation itself and the narrative means by which continuation is managed are brought to the fore, charting how this is deployed by many shows which use season-long stories and/or stories which run for the lifetime of the show. Dramas derived from literary sources are examined alongside those where original narratives are drafted while they are already underway, and the relationship among continuation, seriality, adaptation, and literary/story-telling models is considered. Finally, through discussion of ‘show bibles’ and ‘pitch bibles’ it contends that continuing dramas effectively adapt themselves through the manner in which earlier seasons generate models and possibilities for those that follow.