bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with plaque psoriasis: a systematic review of epidemiological studies
Authors: Prey S , Paul C , Bronsard V , Puzenat E , Gourraud P‐A , Aractingi S , Aubin F , Bagot M , Cribier B , Joly P , Jullien D , Le Maitre M , Richard‐Lallemand M‐A , Ortonne J‐P 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIntroduction  Many epidemiological studies have associated psoriasis with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, resulting from a higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in psoriasis patients compared with unmatched controls. However, the results of epidemiological studies vary depending upon the populations studied. The aim of this systemic review was to evaluate the risk of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and obesity in adults with plaque psoriasis. In addition, we assessed the relationship between the risk of cardiovascular risk factors and psoriasis severity.Methods  A systematic search was performed on Pubmed, Cochrane and Embase databases, using the key‐words ‘psoriasis’, ‘diabetes’, ‘hypertension’, ‘high blood pressure’, ‘dyslipidaemia’, ‘metabolic syndrome’ and ‘obesity’, during the period from 1980 to June 2009.Results  The initial literature search identified 353 articles. The final selection included 18 cross‐sectional case‐control studies. An increased risk of metabolic syndrome was observed in psoriatic patients (OR = 1.3–5.92), and a trend for a higher risk of obesity (OR = 1.18–5.49), especially in patients with severe psoriasis. For hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia, and diabetes, the association was not significant in all studies.Discussion  There was important heterogeneity in study design preventing from pooling results. Most often lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activities were not taken into account.Conclusion  There is an increased risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome in psoriasis. For hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidaemia no consistency was found across studies. Prospective epidemiological studies with thorough recording of cardiovascular risk factors are required in psoriasis patients.
Bacterial colonization of chronic leg ulcers: current results compared with data 5 years ago in a specialized dermatology department
Authors: Körber A , Schmid EN , Buer J , Klode J , Schadendorf D , Dissemond J 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground  In nearly every chronic wound different bacteria species can be detected. Nevertheless, the presence of such microorganisms is not necessarily obligatory associated with a delayed wound healing. But from this initially unproblematic colonization an infection up to a sepsis can arise in some patients. The aim of our clinical investigation was to analyse the spectrum of microbial colonization of patients with a chronic leg ulcer in our specialized dermatological outpatient wound clinic, and to compare them with the results of comparable data already collected 5 years ago.Objectives  In our retrospective investigation the results of bacteriological swabs were documented in 100 patients with a total of 107 chronic leg ulcers. All patients visited the specialized wound outpatient clinic, Department of Dermatology, University of Essen in Germany.Methods  A total of 60 patients were female, 40 were male. The mean age was 65 years. Altogether a total of 191 bacterial isolates and 25 different bacterial species could be identified.Results  The most often detected species were Staphylococcus aureus (n = 60), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 36) as well as Proteus mirabilis (n = 17). In 10 patients (10%) we identified a colonization with methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Merely in 6 patients the taken swabs were sterile. Five years ago a comparable investigation was already carried out in our wound outpatient clinic. At that time we could detect in particular more frequent MRSA (21.5% vs. 10%) and rarely P. aeruginosa (24.1% vs. 33.6%).Conclusion  The results of our investigation demonstrate the current spectrum of the bacterial colonization in patients with chronic leg ulcers in a university dermatological wound centre in comparison to the last 5 years. In our institution we were able to demonstrate a shift of the detected bacterial species from gram‐positive in direction to gram‐negative germs. Beside the already known problems with MRSA, in future therapeutic strategies in patients with chronic leg ulcers the increasing amount of gram‐negative bacteria and especially of P. aeruginosa should considered.
A novel mutation in the cathepsin C gene in a Pakistani family with Papillon‐Lefevre syndrome
Authors: Kurban M , Cheng T , Wajid M , Kiuru M , Shimomura Y , Christiano AM 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground  Papillon‐Lefevre syndrome (PLS; OMlM 245000) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in cathepsin C (CTSC) gene and is characterized by palmoplantar keratoderma, psoriasiform lesion over the extensor surfaces and gingivitis followed by loss of teeth. CTSC gene is expressed in several tissues including the skin and cells of the immune system. In the skin, CTSC plays a role in differentiation and desquamation, whereas in the immune system, it activates serine proteases.Objectives  We analysed the molecular basis of PLS in a Pakistani family.Methods  Genomic DNA was isolated from the sample according to standard techniques. All exons of the CTSC gene with adjacent sequences of exon–intron borders were amplified by PCR and directly sequenced.Results  We identified a novel deletion mutation designated c.2ldelG (Leu7PhefsX57) in exon 1 of the CTSC gene, which probably results in the absence of CTSC protein.Conclusion  Our data further expand the spectrum of mutations in the CTSC gene underlying PLS.
Psoriasis: an epidemiological evaluation of disease burden in 590 patients
Authors: Meyer N , Paul C , Feneron D , Bardoulat I , Thiriet C , Camara C , Sid‐Mohand D , Le Pen C , Ortonne JP 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground  There are limited data available on the economical burden of psoriasis and its impact on everyday life.Objective  The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of psoriasis on personal and professional life, and to evaluate the cost of psoriasis for the patient.Methods  We performed a cross‐sectional study in psoriasis patients. All patients aged ≥18 years with a diagnosis of plaque‐psoriasis confirmed by a physician were included. A self‐administered questionnaire evaluating everyday life was constructed with members of the French association of psoriasis patients. In addition, the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Working Productivity and Activity Impairment and individual costs were assessed.Results  A total of 590 patients completed the study. Mean age of the responders was 56 years. The mean DLQI score was 8.5 for patients with severe psoriasis vs. 6.4 for mild psoriasis. Global loss of productivity was 10.7% without significant difference according to the disease severity. Daily activities alteration was most important in patients with severe psoriasis. In this study, 36.8% of patients with severe psoriasis reported a negative impact on their professional life vs. 19.6% for patients with mild psoriasis (P = 0.002). Time devoted to phototherapy was on average 33 h/year/patient and the application of emollients took 25 h/year/patient; 47.3% of patients had a feeling to clean the house more often, in correlation with the severity of the disease. Mean out‐of‐pocket expenses for the disease was estimated to be 543€/year/patient. High impact of psoriasis on quality of life (DLQI >10), age <40 years and joint involvement were significantly associated with an increased risk of loss of work productivity.Conclusion  Psoriasis, particularly severe psoriasis, is a true burden for patients and impacts significantly everyday life and patient’s economical resources.
Efficacy and tolerability of pale sulfonated shale oil cream 4% in the treatment of mild to moderate atopic eczema in children: a multicentre, randomized vehicle‐controlled trial
Authors: Korting HC , Schöllmann C , Cholcha W , Wolff L ,   The Collaborative Study Group
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground  Reports on controlled trials on the efficacy and tolerability of sulfonated shale oils in atopic eczema are not available so far. The aim of this study was to investigate whether topically applied, specially prepared pale sulfonated shale oil (PSSO) cream is capable of improving symptoms/signs of mild to moderate atopic eczema in children more efficaciously than a corresponding vehicle cream.Patients and methods  A total of 99 children suffering from mild to moderate atopic eczema were enrolled in this multicentre, randomized, vehicle‐controlled study. Verum or vehicle cream was applied to the affected skin area three times a day over 4 weeks. As the primary outcome parameter served the reduction of the total score after 4 weeks of treatment, compared with the initial examination. Secondary outcome parameters were addressed as well. Tolerability was judged by investigators and patients/parents, and adverse events were documented.Results  After 4 weeks of treatment, the total score declined from 13.4 ± 3.7 to 4.5 ± 7.4 score points in the verum group and from 13.0 ± 3.1 to 11.7 ± 8.6 score points in the vehicle group (P < 0.0001). The superiority of verum regarding total score was already apparent after a treatment period of 1 week (reduction by 5.6 ± 4.3 vs. 1.3 ± 5.9 score points; P < 0.0001). Tolerability was found superior at the end of the treatment in the verum when compared with the control group – both by investigators (P < 0.0001) and patients/parents (P = 0.0051).Conclusion  Pale sulfonated shale oil cream 4% is capable to treat mild to moderate atopic eczema in children more efficaciously than vehicle and is well tolerated. PSSO thus represents a valuable addition to our therapeutic armamentarium. PSSO should be considered in particular when valid alternatives for topical glucocorticoids are sought for.
Cutaneous angiosarcoma: own experience over 13 years. Clinical features, disease course and immunohistochemical profile
Authors: Donghi D , Kerl K , Dummer R , Schoenewolf N , Cozzio A 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground  Cutaneous angiosarcoma (AS) is a rare malignant tumour of endothelial origin with very poor prognosis, frequent recurrences and high metastatic potential. Clinical suspicion is often raised too late, but histological findings and immunohistochemical assays have proved to be very helpful in the diagnostic process.Patients and methods  Over the last 13 years, nine patients with AS were found in our archives. Clinical features, evolution, treatment and outcome were analysed and all biopsy specimens were reviewed by a trained dermatopathologist, with subsequent immunohistochemical assessment.Results and conclusions  Cutaneous AS was clinically diagnosed in 4 of 9 patients, while systemic lupus erythematosus was the most common misdiagnosis. Radiotherapy was the most prescribed treatment, but many different combinations of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were observed. Mean disease‐free and overall survival (15.4 and 23.7 respectively) were consistent with previous series, with local recurrence rate (2/9) lower than previously reported data. CD31 was positive in all patients. Vimentin, D2‐40 and VEGFR‐3 were expressed by the vast majority, Factor VIII by 3/7 and CD34 by about 1/3 of patients. Cytokeratin was negative in all patients. The patients with the most unfavourable course showed a strong expression of Ki‐67, while those with the best outcome only had a slight positive Ki‐67 staining. Larger studies regarding tumour cell expression of Ki‐67 and other markers such as D2‐40 will be helpful to evaluate a potential prognostic value of these stainings.
A family perspective of the value of a diagnosis for intellectual disability: experiences from a genetic research study
Authors: Statham Helen , Ponder Maggie , Richards Martin , Hallowell Nina , Raymond Frances Lucy 
Published: March 2010

Accessible summaryThis article is about families where more than one of the boys or men in the family have a learning disability. We found that

Families usually want to know the cause of the disability and to be able to give it a name.
Sometimes they want to know whether other people in the family will have babies who will have a learning disability.
Genetic research is a way for families to find these things out.
Families have to balance how they care for people who have a learning disability and what other family members need.

SummaryMany professionals working with individuals with intellectual disability are unconcerned with why someone has the impairment. Genetic aspects may be viewed as, at best irrelevant, but more often, potentially negative. However, where the intellectual disability may be inherited, there are implications for family members and the individual. The data reported here derive from a study of the experiences of families with many boys or men with intellectual disability who were participating in genetic research aimed at finding new causes of intellectual disability. A qualitative design was used, interviewing 120 members of 37 kinships and using framework analysis to explore the data. These family members were positive about participating in the genetic research. They wanted an explanation for what was going on in their family and to enable other family members to have choices about reproduction although the genetic research was unlikely to benefit individuals with intellectual disability.
Stimulation of lateral hypothalamic glutamate and acetylcholine efflux by nicotine: implications for mechanisms of nicotine‐induced activation of orexin neurons
Authors: Pasumarthi Ravi K. , Fadel Jim 
Published: March 2010

J. Neurochem.(2010)113, 1023–1035.AbstractThe hypothalamus is a prominent target of nicotine action. We have previously shown that acute systemic nicotine treatment induces Fos expression in the lateral hypothalamus and perifornical area (LH/PFA), with orexin/hypocretin neurons being particularly responsive. However, the neurochemical correlates of acute nicotine treatment in the LH/PFA have not been described. Anatomical studies have revealed that this area receives afferents from cholinergic, glutamatergic, and GABAergic telencephalic brain regions, suggesting a potential role for these neurotransmitters in mediating the hypothalamic component of nicotine effects on homeostatic phenomena, such as arousal and appetite. Here, we usedin vivomicrodialysis to determine the effect of acute systemic or local nicotine on glutamate, acetylcholine, and GABA efflux in the LH/PFA of rats. Local administration of nicotine significantly increased acetylcholine and glutamate, but not GABA, in the LH/PFA. Thus, we further tested the role of afferent sources of glutamate and acetylcholine in mediating acute nicotine‐induced activation of orexin neurons by unilaterally lesioning the prefrontal cortex or basal forebrain cholinergic regions. Lesioned animals showed reduced Fos‐positive orexin neurons following nicotine treatment. These data suggest that both acetylcholine and glutamate may mediate the effects of acute nicotine on the activity of hypothalamic neurons, including orexin/hypocretin cells. Changes in cholinergic or glutamatergic transmission in this region with chronic nicotine may contribute to long‐term alterations in functions mediated by LH/PFA neurons, including feeding and arousal.
Role of adrenoceptors in the regulation of dopamine/DARPP‐32 signaling in neostriatal neurons
Authors: Hara Masato , Fukui Ryuichi , Hieda Eriko , Kuroiwa Mahomi , Bateup Helen S. , Kano Tatsuhiko , Greengard Paul , Nishi Akinori 
Published: March 2010

J. Neurochem.(2010)113, 1046–1059.AbstractStudies in animal models of Parkinson’s disease have revealed that degeneration of noradrenaline neurons is involved in the motor deficits. Several types of adrenoceptors are highly expressed in neostriatal neurons. However, the selective actions of these receptors on striatal signaling pathways have not been characterized. In this study, we investigated the role of adrenoceptors in the regulation of dopamine/dopamine‐ and cAMP‐regulated phosphoprotein of Mr32 kDa (DARPP‐32) signaling by analyzing DARPP‐32 phosphorylation at Thr34 [protein kinase A (PKA)‐site] in mouse neostriatal slices. Activation of β1‐adrenoceptors induced a rapid and transient increase in DARPP‐32 phosphorylation. Activation of α2‐adrenoceptors also induced a rapid and transient increase in DARPP‐32 phosphorylation, which subsequently decreased below basal levels. In addition, activation of α2‐adrenoceptors attenuated, and blockade of α2‐adrenoceptors enhanced dopamine D1and adenosine A2Areceptor/DARPP‐32 signaling. Chemical lesioning of noradrenergic neurons mimicked the effects of α2‐adrenoceptor blockade. Under conditions of α2‐adrenoceptor blockade, the dopamine D2receptor‐induced decrease in DARPP‐32 phosphorylation was attenuated. Our data demonstrate that β1‐ and α2‐adrenoceptors regulate DARPP‐32 phosphorylation in neostriatal neurons. Giactivation by α2‐adrenoceptors antagonizes Gs/PKA signaling mediated by D1and A2Areceptors in striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons, respectively, and thereby enhances D2receptor/Gisignaling in striatopallidal neurons. α2‐Adrenoceptors may therefore be a therapeutic target for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.
Searching for non‐indigenous species: rapidly delimiting the invasion boundary
Authors: Leung Brian , Cacho Oscar J. , Spring Daniel 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAim  At first detection, little information is typically known about an invader’s characteristics, true arrival date or spatial extent. Yet, before management options such as control or eradication can be considered, we need to know where a nuisance species has already spread. This is particularly difficult because of stochastic processes. Here, we develop an approach that requires little a priori information, yet accurately delimits the range of a biological invader.Location  We used a simulated landscape, subjected to stochasticity inherent in establishment and spread, to test novel theory for delimiting locally spreading populations.Methods  We distinguish three stages to identify the boundary of an invasion, which we term Approach, Decline, Delimit (ADD). Our ADD algorithm uses general characteristics of the invasion pattern, obtained during a search for occupied sites, in combination with sampling and probability theory to delimit the invasion. We compare ADD against four naïve delimitation strategies, for long and normal dispersal kernels.Results  Our results illustrate the potential difficulty in delimiting invasions. Naïve strategies, such as stopping when the invader is absent, typically failed to properly delimit the invasion. In contrast, ADD operated relatively efficiently, and was robust to habitat heterogeneity and knowledge of the true epicentre, but was sensitive to the sparseness of the invasion. For long‐distance dispersal kernels, ADD had 80% accurate delimitations when c. 5% or more of the cells were occupied within the invasion boundary; for normal dispersal kernels, ADD had 95% accurate delimitations when c. 2.5% or more of the cells were occupied.Main conclusions  There is virtually no existing theory for delimiting invasions. ADD is efficient and accurate, even with unknown time of invasion, unknown dispersal kernels, stochastic establishment dynamics and spatial heterogeneity, except for very low invasion densities.
Unexpected High Incidence of Esophageal Injury Following Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using Robotic Navigation
Authors: TILZ ROLAND R. , CHUN K. R. JULIAN , METZNER ANDREAS , BURCHARD ANDRE , WISSNER ERIK , KOEKTUERK BUELENT , KONSTANTINIDOU MELANIE , NUYENS DIETER , DE POTTER TOM , NEVEN KARS , FUERNKRANZ ALEXANDER , OUYANG FEIFAN , SCHMIDT BORIS 
Published: March 2010

Esophageal Injury Following Robotic Navigation. Introduction: Robotic navigation (RN) is a novel technology for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). We investigated the incidence of thermal esophageal injury using RN with commonly used power settings in comparison to manual PVI procedures.
Methods:
Thirty‐nine patients underwent circumferential PVI using a 3.5‐mm irrigated‐tip‐catheter. In the manual (n = 25) and the RN1 group (n = 4) power was limited to 30 W (17 mL/min flow, maximal temperature 43°C, max. 30 sec/spot) at the posterior left atrial (LA) wall. In RN‐based procedures, ablation was performed with a contact force of 10–40 g. The operator was blinded to the esophageal temperature (Teso). In the RN2 group ablation power along the posterior LA wall was reduced to 20 W and ablation terminated at Teso of 41°C. Endoscopy was carried out 2 days postablation.
Results:
PVI was achieved in all patients. In the manual group no esophageal lesions, minimal lesions, or ulcerations were found in 15 of 25 (60%), 7 of 25 (28%), and 3 of 25 (12%) patients, respectively. All patients in the RN1 group had an ulceration and one developed esophageal perforation. A covered stent was placed 14 days post‐PVI and removed at day 81. In the RN2 group, only a single minimal lesion was found.
Conclusions:
A high incidence of thermal esophageal injury including a perforation was noted following robotic PVI using 30 W along the posterior LA wall. During RN‐based PVI procedures esophageal temperature monitoring is advocated. Reduction of ablation power to 20 W and termination of energy delivery at Teso of 41°C significantly reduced the risk of esophageal injury. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 853‐858, August 2010)
It's About Time: Use of Nonpharmacological Interventions in the Nursing Home
Authors: Kolanowski Ann , Fick Donna , Frazer Christine , Penrod Janice 
Published: March 2010

Abstract Purpose: To provide a stronger evidence base for cultural change in the nursing home, this study elicited nursing, recreational therapy, and medical staff perceptions of barriers to the implementation of nonpharmacological interventions for the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Design: Thirty‐five staff members (registered nurses, licensed practical nurses, nurses’ aides, recreational therapists, activity personnel, and medical directors) from six nursing homes located in Pennsylvania and North Carolina participated in the qualitative study. Methods: A focus group methodology was used to capture discussions that were audio‐recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using standard methods of content and thematic analysis. Findings: Four broad themes were identified: the changing landscape; resident behaviors; reaching out to the person with dementia; and the educational needs of staff. The concept of time emerged as a key barrier to the use of nonpharmacological interventions for BPSD. Conclusions: Successful use of nonpharmacological interventions requires the right staff with the right education at the right time. The Vulnerability Framework is a model that helped organize these findings into a meaningful perspective. Clinical Relevance: To effect change in the nursing home, the findings indicate a need for: implementation of staffing patterns that allow staff the time to make a difference in the care of residents with BPSD; development of educational programs that promote staff understanding versus control; and design of research studies that answer questions about the influence of time on the selection of interventions for BPSD.