bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De‐Essentializing the Knowledge Intensive Firm: Reflections on Sceptical Research Going against the Mainstream
Authors: Alvesson Mats 
Published: June 2011

abstractThis paper provides an updated summary and discussion of my 1993JMSpaper ‘Organization as rhetoric: knowledge‐intensive firms and the struggle with rhetoric’, and relate this to my own and others' later work in the area explored in the paper: knowledge‐intensive work and discourse. A key aspect of knowledge work is the ambiguity of what it stands for, what people working with ‘knowledge’ are doing, and what they accomplish. This fuels identity uncertainties, which is also addressed and reflected upon in the paper. As part of my broader reflections, I also provide a brief overview of some methodological ideas on how to do problematization: a key theme in the original piece but which is more generally a research approach that may lead to contributions that generate interest.
DOES WAGE DISPERSION MAKE ALL FIRMS PRODUCTIVE?
Authors: Mahy Benoît , Rycx François , Volral Mélanie 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThis article puts the relationship between wage dispersion and firm productivity to an updated test, taking advantage of access to detailed Belgian linked employer–employee panel data. Controlling for simultaneity issues, time‐invariant workplace characteristics and dynamics in the adjustment process of productivity, empirical results reveal the existence of a positive impact from conditional intra‐firm wage dispersion to firm productivity (measured by the average value added per hour worked), which however decreases for higher dispersion levels. Findings thus suggest that the incentive effect of wage dispersion, predicted for instance by the ‘tournament’ model, dominates ‘fairness’ and/or ‘sabotage’ considerations. Further results reveal that the influence of wage dispersion on firm productivity is stronger among firms with a larger proportion of highly skilled workers but does not depend on whether wages are collectively renegotiated at the firm level.
THE EFFECTS OF FISCAL POLICY SHOCKS IN SVAR MODELS: A GRAPHICAL MODELLING APPROACH
Authors: Fragetta Matteo , Melina Giovanni 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTWe apply graphical modelling (GM) theory to identify fiscal policy shocks in SVAR models of the US economy. Unlike other econometric approaches – which achieve identification by relying on potentially contentious a priori assumptions – GM is a data based tool. Our results are in line with Keynesian theoretical models, being also quantitatively similar to those obtained in the recent SVAR literature à laBlanchard and Perotti (2002), and contrast with neoclassical real business cycle predictions. Stability checks confirm that our findings are not driven by sample selection.
Accounting for Misclassification Bias in Binary Outcome Measures of Illness: The Case of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Male Veterans
Authors: Savoca Elizabeth 
Published: June 2011

The theoretical consequences of measurement error in outcome variables that are continuous are widely known by practitioners, at least for the classical model: purely random errors will lead to a loss of efficiency but not to bias in regression coefficients. When the outcome variable is binary, however, regression coefficients, both linear and nonlinear, will contain bias, even if the measurement error (in this setting more commonly referred to as classification error) is purely random. This paper illustrates a method of correcting for misclassification bias that relies solely on the primary survey data. It is particularly suited to analyses of surveys where external validation of survey responses is unavailable but where there is strong reason to suspect contaminated data. This situation is common in observational studies of the health of populations. The technique is applied to a model of the antecedents of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using data from a large-scale cross-sectional survey of Vietnam-era veterans. Results show that when adjusted for errors in diagnoses, the sample PTSD prevalence estimate falls significantly; that failure to correct for misclassification in PTSD dramatically understates the effects of risk factors; and that this downward bias remains even when the model incorporates differential classification errors—that is, errors that are correlated with some of the explanatory variables in the model.
Representation as a median mandate? A response to Best, Budge and McDonald
Authors: WARWICK PAUL V. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe preceding article by Best, Budge and McDonald acknowledges much of the substance of the alternative ‘bilateralist’ interpretation of democratic governance I advocated and attempts to re‐focus the median mandate approach towards a longer‐term, and potentially more productive, understanding of the opinion‐policy relationship. Both are welcome developments. Despite taking these steps, however, the authors choose to allow the fate of the median mandate thesis to rest ultimately on an attempt to re‐establish the short‐term one‐to‐one relationship that I challenged. In this brief note, I argue that this not only undercuts the more positive initiatives noted above, but also is based on a flawed understanding of how the short‐term relationship should be operationalised and tested.
Nurses new to intensive care: perceptions of their clinical learning environment
Authors: Muldowney Yvonne , McKee Gabrielle 
Published: June 2011

Background: All nurses entering intensive care unit (ICU) for the first time are required to master many critical nursing skills. Providing a clinical learning environment that is, conducive to mastering these essential skills is a key component of ensuring clinical competence. Yet there are few publications worldwide that focus on clinical learning for qualified nurses entering ICU for the first time. Factors that affect clinical learning in ward environments have been clearly identified. It remains unclear if these factors are applicable to the ICU environment. Aims and Objectives: (1) To describe how registered nurses new to ICU environment perceive their clinical learning environment; (2) to identify the factors that influence these perceptions. Design: Descriptive quantitative survey design. Method: Sixty‐four nurses were recruited from five Irish teaching hospitals. The participants completed a modified version of Dunn and Burnett's clinical learning environment scale, with five subscales, that measures perceived factors that influence clinical learning. Results and conclusions: Nurses new to ICU perceived the environment as conducive to clinical learning. Factors positively affecting clinical learning include: educational staff and clinical nurse managers' commitment to supporting learning and good interpersonal relationships. Non‐European qualified nurses who did not do an induction course and those with longest experience on the unit were more satisfied with ICU as a clinical learning. Relevance to clinical practice: These findings will provide nurse educationalists with some further insight as to the factors that promote optimal learning in ICU.
Association between brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene polymorphisms and executive function in Japanese patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: NAGATA Tomoyuki , SHINAGAWA Shunichiro , NUKARIYA Kazutaka , OCHIAI Yusuke , KAWAMURA Satoshi , AGAWA‐OHTA Miyuki , KASAHARA Hiroo , NAKAYAMA Kazuhiko , YAMADA Hisashi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:  To address the functional roles of genetic polymorphisms of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) from a neuropsychological aspect, we used a cross‐sectional study design to investigate the association between novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the BDNF gene (Val66Met (G196A) and C270T) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) score, which reflects executive function as a non‐memory cognitive impairment.Methods:  One hundred and sixty‐nine outpatients with AD or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (A‐MCI) were recruited to the study and divided into three genotypic groups for each representative BDNF functional polymorphism as follows: (i) Val66Met (G196A): G/G (n= 45), G/A (n= 104), and A/A (n= 20); and (ii) C270T: C/C (n= 160), C/T (n= 9), and T/T (n= 0). Then, age, sex ratio, duration of illness (months), education years, Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, behavioral pathology in Alzheimer disease (Behave‐AD) score, Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) ratio, and total and subtest FAB scores were compared between the genotypic groups for each SNP.Results:  Significant differences were found in the total (P < 0.01) and subtest (conflicting instructions and prehension behavior; P < 0.01) FAB scores between the C270T polymorphism groups (C/C and C/T), but not among the G196A polymorphism groups. However, no significant differences in age, sex ratio, duration of illness (months), education years, Behave‐AD score, CDR ratio, or MMSE score (reflecting attention and memory function) were found between the individual polymorphism genotypes (G196A and C270T).Conclusion:  Of the known BDNF polymorphisms, the C270T SNP may influence executive dysfunction as a non‐memory cognitive impairment in Japanese patients with AD.
Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on Cardiac Sympathetic Nervous Dysfunction and Serum C‐reactive Protein Level
Authors: SHINOHARA TETSUJI , TAKAHASHI NAOHIKO , SAITO SYOTARO , OKADA NORIHIRO , WAKISAKA OSAMU , YUFU KUNIO , HARA MASAHIDE , NAKAGAWA MIKIKO , SAIKAWA TETSUNORI , YOSHIMATSU HIRONOBU 
Published: June 2011

Background:
Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). Systemic inflammation is elevated in patients with HF. We hypothesized that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction and systemic inflammation. To test our hypothesis, we evaluated cardiac sympathetic activity and serum levels of high sensitive C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP) before and after CRT.
Methods:
Twenty‐seven patients with chronic HF (19 men, eight women; mean age 67 ± 10 years) with nonischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent CRT were evaluated. Each patient was evaluated before and 6 months after CRT. Responders were defined as patients showing ≥15% absolute decrease in left ventricular end‐systolic volume. Cardiac sympathetic activity was estimated with cardiac 123I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigrams.
Results:
Patients were categorized as responders (n = 19) and nonresponders (n = 8) according to echocardiographic findings. In responders, the mean heart‐to‐mediastinum (H/M) ratio at the delayed phase in cardiac 123I‐MIBG scintigraphic findings was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and serum levels of hs‐CRP were decreased (P <0.01). Such improvements were not observed in nonresponders. Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that the reduction in hs‐CRP level was independently associated with the increase in the H/M ratio at delayed phase.
Conclusions:
Our results demonstrated that cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction and systemic inflammation were improved in responder HF patients to CRT. Furthermore, the reduction in systemic inflammation was associated with the improvement in cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction. (PACE 2011; 34:1225–1230)
Impact of type 1 diabetes and glycemic control on fetal aneuploidy biochemical markers
Authors: MADSEN HELEN N. , EKELUND CHARLOTTE K. , TØRRING NIELS , OVESEN PER G. , FRIIS‐HANSEN LENNART , RINGHOLM LENE , PETERSEN OLAV B. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjective. To determine the influence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) on the first trimester serum markers of fetal aneuploidy; pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A (PAPP‐A) and free beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (free β‐hCG) and to evaluate the influence of glycemic control on these parameters in the pregnant diabetic women. Design. Retrospective study. Setting. Data were extracted from electronic obstetric and laboratory databases at two Danish University Hospitals. Population. Based on 36 415 pregnancies without T1DM (non‐T1DM) and 331 pregnancies with T1DM; β‐hCG and PAPP‐A were obtained at 8+0 to 14+2 gestational weeks. Methods. Medians for PAPP‐A and free β‐hCG were generated and multiple of the normal gestation‐specific median (MoM) values were calculated for each separate pregnancy. After adjustment for maternal weight, ethnicity and smoking status, MoM values were compared across the T1DM and non‐T1DM groups, respectively. Additionally, the relationship between PAPP‐A MoM and HgbA1C was examined in 348 T1DM pregnancies by Spearman's rank correlation. Main outcome measures. Difference in biochemical marker levels between T1DM and non‐T1DM. Results. PAPP‐A was 0.86 MoM in T1DM pregnancies and 1.01 MoM in non‐T1DM pregnancies, p < 0.0001. Conversely, free β‐hCG was not altered in T1DM pregnancies (T1DM 0.99 MoM, non‐T1DM 0.98 MoM; p=0.14). There was a significant inverse correlation between HgbA1C and PAPP‐A (rho=−0.12, p=0.02). Conclusions. In T1DM pregnancies, PAPP‐A MoM values were lower than in non‐T1DM pregnancies. This suggests that correction should be considered in first trimester biochemical screening for fetal aneuploidy in T1DM women.
Hydroxychloroquine-induced acute psychosis in a systemic lupus erythematosus female
Authors: Hsu WenYu , Chiu NanYing , Huang SiSheng 
Published: June 2011

Hsu WY, Chiu NY, Huang SS. Hydroxychloroquine-induced acute psychosis in a systemic lupus erythematosus female.Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease. Hydroxychloroquine, a kind of anti-malarial, has become an important treatment for SLE in recent years.Method: We want to report a 49 year-old female SLE patient, who had psychosis episode with hydroxychloroquine treatment.Result: There's still risk of psychosis with hydroxychloroquine treatment from the possible mechanism.Conclusion: Awareness of chloroquine-induced psychosis is very important, and psychiatric intervention is needed as soon as possible after this occurs.
Treatment of ocular rosacea with 40 mg doxycycline in a slow release form
Authors: Pfeffer Ines , Borelli Claudia , Zierhut Manfred , Schaller Martin 
Published: June 2011

SummaryBackground: About 30–50 % of rosacea patients have ocular involvement. The symptoms range from a foreign‐body sensation to conjunctivitis or blepharitis and may even include severe corneal ulcerations. Systemic treatment is generally with tetracycline. Side effects can occur with the usual antimicrobial dose.Patients and Methods: In a retrospective study, seven patients were evaluated who had been treated for ocular rosacea with a sub‐antimicrobial dose of doxycycline 40 mg in a slow‐release form (Oraycea®). The responses were evaluated on the basis of clinical findings.Results: Seven patients with an average age of 63 took slow release doxycycline 40 mg every day for at least two months. In five patients, other systemic drugs had already failed. All patients experienced a clear improvement in their ocular rosacea after an average of 2.29 months of treatment. One patient had complete clearance and another had almost complete clearance. None of the patients experienced side effects.Conclusions: A sub‐antimicrobial dose of slow release doxycycline 40 mg daily is an effective long‐term therapy for ocular rosacea. It is not associated with the side effects of long‐term antibiotic therapy or the risk of resistance.
The Effectiveness of Low‐Intensity Red Laser for Activating a Bleaching Gel and Its Effect in Temperature of the Bleaching Gel and the Dental Pulp
Authors: PLEFFKEN PATRÍCIA RONDON , BORGES ALESSANDRA BÜHLER , GONÇALVES SÉRGIO EDUARDO DE PAIVA , TORRES CARLOS ROCHA GOMES 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTStatement of the Problem:  The effectiveness of low‐intensity red laser for activating a bleaching gel and its effect in pulp temperature was not investigated in dental literature.Purpose:  The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of low‐intensity red laser for activating a bleaching gel, as well as its effect in temperature of the bleaching gel and the dental pulp.Materials and Methods:  Forty extracted bovine teeth were immersed in a solution of coffee 14 days for darkening. The initial colors were recorded by spectrophotometric analysis. The specimens were randomly distributed into two groups (N = 20): the control, which did not receive light and the experimental group that received light from an appliance fitted with three red light‐emitting laser diodes (λ = 660 nm). A green‐colored, 35% H2O2–based bleaching gel was applied for 30 minutes, and changed three times. After bleaching, the colors were again measured to obtain the L*a*b* values. Color variation was calculated (ΔE) and the data submitted to the non‐paired t‐test (5%). To assess temperature, 10 human incisors were prepared, in which one thermocouple was placed on the bleaching gel applied on the surface of the teeth and another inside the pulp chamber.Results:  There was a significant difference between the groups (p = 0.016), and the experimental group presented a significantly higher mean variation (7.21 ± 2.76) in comparison with the control group (5.37 ± 1.76). There was an increase in pulp temperature, but it was not sufficient to cause damage to the pulp.Conclusion:  Bleaching gel activation with low‐intensity red laser was capable of increasing the effectiveness of bleaching treatment and did not increase pulp temperature to levels deleterious to the pulp.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe application of a low‐intensity red laser was effective for activating a bleaching gel with green dye, without any deleterious increases in pulpal temperature.(J Esthet Restor Dent 24:126–134, 2012)
Evaluation of genetic trends and determination of the optimal number of cumulative records of parity required in reproductive traits in a Large White pig population
Authors: TOMIYAMA Masamitsu , KUBO Shouhei , TAKAGI Tsutomu , SUZUKI Keiichi 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTGenetic improvement of the reproductive performance of pigs is important for pig breeding despite their low heritabilities. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of selection concerning reproductive traits and to determine the optimal number of parity records required for accurate estimation of breeding values (BVs) in the open population of a commercial pig breeding company. The study used records of 2220 purebred Large White pigs (9845 litters) farrowed between 1998 and 2009 in the two herds of the Pacific Ocean Breeding Co. Ltd. The traits studied included farrowing interval (FI), total number of piglets at birth (TNB), average weaning weight per litter (AWW), and raising rate (RR). A statistical model was applied to the 4‐trait repeatability animal model. The heritabilities of FI, TNB, AWW and RR were low. The genetic trends in TNB (h2 = 0.09) showed approximately 1.0 increase in 6 years from 2003 to 2008. The predicted error variances indicated that up to fourth parity records are necessary for accurate genetic evaluation. The present study results indicated that even reproductive traits with low heritability can be improved.
Utility of Staff Training on Correcting Sleep Problems in People With Intellectual Disabilities Living in Residential Settings
Authors: Hylkema Tejo , Petitiaux Wanda , Vlaskamp Carla 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhile sleep problems in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) living in residential settings are very common, scant attention is paid to them. This study examined how to improve the knowledge and understanding of sleep quality and sleep problems in people with ID among care staff at a residential facility and, consequently, to reduce extrinsic sleep problems. Using a variation on a crossover design with two groups, sleep efficiency and sleep latency in people with ID (not suspected of having sleep problems) were measured four times. One group (Group A) of staff was offered a lecture after the first measurement and a workshop after the second one. A second group (Group B) of staff was only offered a lecture, between the second and third measurements. In both groups, sleep efficiency rose significantly. The time spent in bed by residents overseen by Group A was reduced significantly, and there was a significant reduction of daily napping time among group A's residents. In Group B, there was a significant increase of daily napping time and in the number of naps. The application of educational techniques, such as lectures and workshops, provided to staff can lead to significant improvements in residents' sleep efficiency.
Massive pericardial effusion with diastolic right ventricular compression secondary to hypothyroidism in a 73‐year‐old woman
Authors: Hsieh Chung‐Yueh , Liu Bing‐Yi , Yang Yung‐Nien , Yin Wei‐Hsian , Young Mason‐Shing 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPericardial effusion is commonly seen in patients with hypothyroidism, but a massive pericardial effusion with obvious diastolic right ventricular compression is uncommon. We herein report a case of 73‐year‐old woman seen in the ED with generalized weakness and hypotension. Echocardiography revealed a massive pericardial effusion with diastolic right ventricular compression, and thyroid function testing revealed marked hypothyroidism. The pericardial effusion resolved after the administration of thyroid replacement therapy. This case reveals the importance of including hypothyroidism in the differential diagnosis of pericardia effusion.
Working together, nurses can make a difference in resuscitation outcomes: An update on the American Heart Association's 2010 guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care
Authors: MANCINI Mary E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) was formed in 1992 to provide a forum for resuscitation organizations worldwide. According to its mission, ILCOR provides a mechanism by which international science and knowledge that are relevant to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiovascular care (ECC) can be identified, reviewed, and evaluated. Every 5 years, based on a rigorous review of the published, peer‐reviewed science, ILCOR develops a consensus on resuscitation science and carries that forward into internationally agreed‐on treatment recommendations. As part of the 2010 evidence‐evaluation process, ILCOR published an updated consensus on science and treatment recommendations (CoSTR). Based on the CoSTR, the American Heart Association (AHA) developed and disseminated guidelines for ECC and CPR. Nursing has unique responsibilities in the chain of survival. This article reviews the major elements of AHA's 2010 guidelines and discusses the critical role that nurses play in the development, dissemination, and implementation of resuscitation science. By making the connection in resuscitation science, nurses can help to save more lives.
Translational research: Connecting evidence to clinical practice
Authors: MULNARD Ruth A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTranslational research can be conceptualized within several blocks or spheres of knowledge transfer and focused on closing the gap between new discoveries and their endpoint application to clinical practice, health decision‐making, and health policy. Although support for type 1 translational research (the classical bench‐to‐bedside paradigm) is common, it is types 2 and 3 that have the ultimate impact on sustaining important changes in clinical practice as health decision‐making and policy are changed to support the practice innovation. The Clinical Translational Science Centers (issued by the National Institutes of Health in the USA) provide many successful examples in which nurses are key stakeholders in achieving these translational goals for the improvement of clinical practice.