bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die neue Landecker Eisenbahnbrücke über den Inn
Authors: Schmid Karl , Kari Hannes , Margreiter Kurt 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEisenbahntragwerke aus Stahl, wie die alte Landecker Fachwerkbrücke über den Inn, hatten Tradition und sind nur mehr selten anzutreffen. Die vor 105 Jahren errichtete Landecker Innbrücke der Arlbergstrecke war für einen modernen Eisenbahnbetrieb mit den höheren Lasten und Geschwindigkeiten nicht mehr geeignet und aus der Sicht der Erhaltung zu erneuern. Der Brückenneubau und die Revitalisierung des alten Steinviaduktes stellten für die Österreichischen Bundesbahnen (ÖBB) als Bauherr eine besondere Herausforderung dar, da die Brücke mit dem Viadukt an zentraler Stelle in der Stadt steht und damit ein regionales Wahrzeichen ist. Durch die intensive und gute Zusammenarbeit der Bürger mit der Projektleitung der Bahn, den Planern mit den ausführenden Firmen sowie den Architekten mit den Fachleuten der ÖBB Brückenbau ist dennoch ein neues Wahrzeichen für die Stadt Landeck entstanden.The new Landecker railway bridge across the Inn.Railway structures of steel had been tradition like the old Landecker Innbrücke – a lattic bridge across the Austrian river Inn. Nowadays these bridges are still rarely to found. The Landecker Bridge of the Arlberg Passage has been erected 105 years ago. Today the bridge is no longer suitable for modern railway traffic with higher loads and higher speeds and has to be rehabilitated. The new building of the bridge and the restoration of the old stone viaduct is an exceptional challenge for the ÖBB (Österreichische Bundesbahnen) group how is the building owner. Because the bridge with its viaduct is centrally located in the city of Landeck and thus it represents a regional landmark. As a result of the intensive and good cooperation between the inhabitants and the project management of the railway corporation, between the planners and the building contractors as well as the cooperation between architects and experts of the ÖBB Brückenbau, a new landmark of the city of Landeck is still created.
Vergleich und Beurteilung unterschiedlicher Lastmodelle für die Ermittlung der dynamischen Antwort von Zugüberfahrten über Brücken bei Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehr
Authors: Mähr Tobias , Fink Josef 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDrei analytische Lastmodelle für die Berechnung von Zugüberfahrten über Brücken werden mathematisch formuliert: eine Folge von Einzelkräften, eine Folge von Punkmassen und eine Folge von Mehrkörpersystemen. Die Kopplung der Lastmodelle an das Brückenmodell erfolgt mechanisch exakt im Rahmen einer ebenen Betrachtung des Problems. Die Diskretisierung der Bewegungsgleichungen erfolgt mit Hilfe der Methode von Ritz und Galerkin (Modalanalyse). Am Beispiel einer leichten Balkenbrücke aus Stahl unter der Einwirkung eines Hochgeschwindigkeitszuges werden die drei Lastmodelle untereinander verglichen. An diesem Beispiel wird deutlich, dass mit Lastmodellen aus Einzelkräften oder Punktmassen die Schwingungsantwort von leichten Brücken stark überschätzt werden kann. Bereits die Verwendung von einfachen Mehrkörpersystemen mit nur wenigen Freiheitsgraden führt zu wesentlich genaueren Ergebnissen, insbesondere bei resonanzgefährdeten Brücken. Wege für eine effiziente Berechnung stehen unter Anwendung der Modalanalyse offen und werden ebenso diskutiert wie die Beurteilung der Resonanzgefahr.Comparison and assessment of various load models to calculate train crossings of bridges at high speed.Three analytical load models to calculate train crossings over bridges are mathematically formulated: a series of concentrated forces, a series of concentrated masses and a series of multi‐body systems. The coupling of the load models to the bridge model is carried out within the scope of a two‐dimensional treatment of the problem and without simplifications. The differential equations of motion are discretised using the method of Ritz and Galerkin (modal analysis). The three load models are compared with each other using the example of a lightweight beam bridge made of steel which is loaded by a high‐speed train. The example shows clearly that the dynamic response of a lightweight bridge is overestimated if the load models consist of concentrated forces or masses. Even the use of simple multi‐body systems with only few degrees of freedom lead to considerably more accurate results. This finding particularly holds true for bridges which are at risk of resonance effects. Options for an efficient calculation are available with modal analysis and are discussed. The assessment of resonance effects is also treated.
UNIQA PS1 – Ein Hochhaus aus Stahl
Authors: Salzer Christian , Breitfuß Walter , Siokola Walter 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn Wien wurde von September 2008 bis Juli 2009 die Stahltragkonstruktion eines Hochhauses errichtet. Über einem 30 m hohen und 27 m breiten Luftraum war schwebend ein 13‐geschossiger Turm zu errichten. Als Haupttragsystem wurden in die Wände integrierte Stahlfachwerke gewählt. Die Verbindung der Stahlkonstruktion mit den Betontragkonstruktionen und deren unterschiedliche Steifigkeiten stellten hohe Ansprüche an das Planungsteam des Bauherren UNIQA, bestehend aus Werner Consult Ziviltechniker GesmbH und dem Zivilingenieurbüro Roller. Detailplanung, Fertigung und Montage der Konstruktion erfolgten durch die ARGE Stahlbau PS1, bestehend aus Zeman und Strabag. Der Auftrag konnte unter anderem aufgrund eines innovativen Montagekonzeptes gewonnen werden. Die untersten Geschosse wurden mit ihren Decken auf Erdgeschossniveau zusammengebaut und die rund 1600 t schwere Konstruktion auf 30 m Höhe gehoben. Der Rohbau konnte nur auf Grundlage einer sehr intensiven Zusammenarbeit zwischen den ARGE‐Partnern aus dem Stahl‐ und Stahlbetonbau termingerecht und im Kostenrahmen abgeschlossen werden.UNIQA PS1 a high rise building made from steel.From September 2008 to July 2009 the steel construction of a high rise building was erected in Vienna. A 13‐storey tower floats above an air‐space with 30 m height and 27 m width. The main carrying structure consists of a latticed framework which is integrated into the walls. The connection between the steel construction and the concrete structure was an ambitions task for the structural team of the client UNIQA, consisting of Werner Consult Ziviltechniker GesmbH and Zivilingenieurbüro Roller. Detail engineering, fabrication and erection was executed by ARGE Stahlbau PS1 consisting of Zeman and Strabag. The order was won amongst other reasons because of an innovative erection procedure. The two lowest floors were pre erected on the ground floor and the approximately 1600 tons lifted into the final position on 30 m afterwards. It was only possible to complete this task on time and in budget due to the intensive cooperation between the partners from the steelworks and the concrete works.
Yas Island Marina‐Hotel – Pole Position in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Frey Hans , Reiser Bernhard , Ziegler René 
Published: October 2009

AbstractViele der in Dubai und Abu Dhabi in den letzten Jahren im Zuge des Goldrausches für Projektentwickler und Planer konzipierten Bauvorhaben beeindrucken nicht nur durch ihr immenses Volumen, sondern auch durch die engen für die Realisierung zur Verfügung stehenden Zeitrahmen. Insbesondere ist das der Fall, wenn es sich um Bauten für die Formel 1 handelt. Am Rande Abu Dhabis entsteht auf Yas Island, einer ursprünglich unbebauten Insel in der Einflugschneise des internationalen Flughafens, ein neuer Formel 1‐Kurs nach dem Masterplan des Ingenieurbüros Tilke GmbH & Co. KG aus Aachen. Auf und um das Streckengelände werden bis zum ersten Rennen im November 2009 vielfältige Einrichtungen realisiert, die umfassende Infrastrukturmaßnahmen einschließen. Eines Tages wird man von dort aus das ebenso neu entstehende Kulturzentrum auf Saadiyat Island mit seinen Vorzeigebauten erreichen. Hier geht es nicht um Einbindung in ein bestehendes städtebauliches Gefüge, alles ist neu entwickelt, alles beansprucht für sich Einmaligkeit.Yas Island Marina Hotel – Pole position in Abu Dhabi.Many of the projects conceived for Dubai and Abu Dhabi as part of the development and design goldrush of the past years are not only impressive by their enormous scale, but also their demanding delivery dates. This is especially the case when building for the Formula 1 with a race date delivery. In the outer skirts of Abu Dhabi, next to the international airport on Yas Island, a previously empty island, construction for a new Formula 1 racecourse master planned by Tilke GmbH & Co. KG is underway. On and around the racecourse massive developments are being delivered for the first race in November 2009 including vast infrastructure projects. One day Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi's much talked about new cultural district equally built from scratch, will be accessed from here. Not the existing urban fabric or context is the theme, everything is newly developed and everything claims individuality.
Vaccination with Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Generates a Broad Spectrum of Immunological and Clinical Responses Against Colon Cancer
Authors: Li Yi , Zeng Hui , Xu Ren-He , Liu Bei , Li Zihai 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
The history of immunizing with embryonic materials to generate an antitumor immune response dates back to a century ago. The premise is that cancer cells share the expression of oncofetal antigens with embryonic materials and that the immune response against these antigens in the embryonic tissues is cross-protective against cancer. However, such a practice has never advanced beyond experimental animal settings, because of lack of uniformed source tissues and ethical challenges. With the availability of well-characterized human pluripotent stem cells, it is now possible to ask whether tumor protective immunity could indeed be elicited with stem cells. Herein, we investigated whether vaccination with defined human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) or induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells was effective against a colon carcinoma. We discovered that vaccination of mice with hESC line H9 generated consistent cellular and humoral immune responses against CT26 colon carcinoma. Protection correlated strongly with the expansion of tumor-responsive and interferon-γ-producing cells and the profound loss of CD11b+Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the spleen. No evidence of autoimmunity was observed. We also compared the immunogenicity against colon cancer between a hESC line CT2 and an iPS cell line TZ1 that were generated in the same stem cell facility. We found that the iPS cell line was inferior to the hESC line in conferring tumor protection, suggesting that there is heterogeneity of expression of oncofetal antigens by hESCs and iPS cells. We conclude that the hESC-based vaccine is a promising modality for immunotherapy of cancer.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
A survey and comparative study of simulators for vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs)
Authors: Martinez Francisco J. , Toh Chai Keong , Cano Juan‐Carlos , Calafate Carlos T. , Manzoni Pietro 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWireless communication technologies have now greatly impact our daily lives. From indoor wireless LANs to outdoor cellular mobile networks, wireless technologies have benefited billions of users around the globe. The era of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) is now evolving, gaining attention and momentum. Researchers and developers have built VANET simulation software to allow the study and evaluation of various media access, routing, and emergency warning protocols. VANET simulation is fundamentally different from MANETs (mobile ad hoc networks) simulation because in VANETs, vehicular environment imposes new issues and requirements, such as constrained road topology, multi‐path fading and roadside obstacles, traffic flow models, trip models, varying vehicular speed and mobility, traffic lights, traffic congestion, drivers' behavior, etc. Currently, there are VANET mobility generators, network simulators, and VANET simulators. This paper presents a comprehensive study and comparisons of the various publicly available VANET simulation software and their components. In particular, we contrast their software characteristics, graphical user interface (GUI), popularity, ease of use, input requirements, output visualization capability, accuracy of simulation, etc. Finally, while each of the studied simulators provides a good simulation environment for VANETs, refinements and further contributions are needed before they can be widely used by the research community. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ein neuer Weg zu kolloidalen, UV‐lumineszenten Silicium‐Nanopartikeln
Authors: Klingbeil Christian , Klingebiel Uwe 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFor the last decade, there has been a growing interest in silicon nanoparticles smaller than 5 nm in diameter because of their luminescence properties. Here, we present a new approach for the fabrication of such particles. Starting with larger nanoparticles from industrial production, a combined treatment with anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and 1‐alkenes leads to alkylated Silicon nanoparticles in the size range necessary for luminescence. In nonpolar solvents, these particles are colloids, which do not precipitate for a long time. During one‐pot reactions, the size decrease of the crystalline silicon core is mediated by the intermediary presence of H2O2. In this paper, we describe the reaction conditions of this new path to colloidal silicon nanoparticles and discuss their structure as seen in TEM images, their surface chemistry and luminescence properties.
Measuring zoo animal welfare: theory and practice
Authors: Hill Sonya P. , Broom Donald M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe assessment of animal welfare relates to investigations of how animals try to cope with their environment, and how easy or how difficult it is for them to do so. The use of rigorous scientific methods to assess this has grown over the past few decades, and so our understanding of the needs of animals has improved during this time. Much of the work in the field of animal welfare has been conducted on farm animals, but it is important to consider how the methods and approaches used in assessing farm animal welfare have been, and can be, adapted and applied to the measurement of welfare in animals in other domains, such as in zoos. This is beneficial to our understanding of both the theoretical knowledge, and the practicability of methods. In this article, some of the commonly‐used methods for measuring animal welfare will be discussed, as well as some practical considerations in assessing the welfare of zoo animals. Zoo Biol 28:531–544, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term exposure of human proximal tubule cells to hydroxycobalamin[c‐lactam] as a possible model to study renal disease in methylmalonic acidurias
Authors: Sauer S. W. , Opp S. , Haarmann A. , Okun J. G. , Kölker S. , Morath M. A. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryDysfunction of proximal tubules resulting in tubulointerstitial nephritis and chronic renal failure is a frequent long‐term complication of methylmalonic acidurias. However, the underlying pathomechanisms have not yet been extensively studied owing to the lack of suitable in vitro and in vivo models. Application of hydroxycobalamin[c‐lactam] has been shown to inhibit the metabolism of hydroxycobalamin and, thereby, to induce methylmalonic aciduria in rats, oligodendrocytes, and rat hepatocytes. Our study characterizes the biochemical and bioenergetic effects of long‐term exposure of human proximal tubule cells to hydroxycobalamin[c‐lactam], aiming to establish a novel in vitro model for the renal pathogenesis of methylmalonic acidurias. Incubation of human proximal tubule cells with hydroxycobalamin[c‐lactam] and propionic acid resulted in a strong, time‐dependent intra‐ and extracellular accumulation of methylmalonic acid. Bioenergetic studies of respiratory chain enzyme complexes revealed an increase of complex II–IV activity after 2 weeks and an increase of complex I and IV activity as well as a decrease of complex II and III activity after 3 weeks of incubation. In addition, human proximal tubule cells displayed reduced glutathione content after the exposure to hydroxycobalamin[c‐lactam] and propionic acid.
Remarkable differences: the course of life of young adults with galactosaemia and PKU
Authors: Bosch A. M. , Maurice‐Stam H. , Wijburg F. A. , Grootenhuis M. A. 
Published: October 2009

SummaryAlthough the need for insight in factors influencing the quality of life of patients with an inborn error of metabolism is recognized, psychological adjustment of adults with metabolic diseases has not been properly studied. Adult patients with PKU were demonstrated not to differ from healthy controls in terms of their course of life (CoL) and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL). However, adults with galactosaemia had a lower HRQoL with significant lower scores on the domains of cognitive and social function. This study investigated the CoL and the social demographical outcomes in these young adults with galactosaemia, and compared them with the general population and with PKU patients. A total of 15 (88%) adult patients with classical galactosaemia participated in this study. Classical galactosaemia patients had a delayed social and psychosexual development compared to their peers from the general population and to PKU patients. Also, they were significantly less frequently married or living together and significantly less frequently employed than the general population. Our study shows a stark contrast between patients with galactosaemia and patients with PKU, although both are diagnosed in the neonatal period and need life‐long dietary restrictions. The observed difference is likely due to the long‐term somatic complications frequently seen in galactosaemia and thus not due to the burden of a chronic disease necessitating life‐long dietary restrictions. We conclude that it is essential that parents and clinicians encourage children with galactosaemia to participate in peer‐related activities in order to stimulate social performance, which may result in a more normal CoL.
The pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain
Authors: Bonezzi C. , Allegri M. , Demartini L. , Buonocore M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNeuropathic Pain (NP) as reported by IASP (International Association Study of Pain) is a “Pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system”. In clinical practice NP is divided in peripheral and central pain and it is characterised by positive and negative symptoms. It is not so easy to plan out an effective therapy for this kind of pain. In this article we try to suggest a method to adapt drugs according to pain mechanisms and somatosensory pathways damages. In this “mechanisms based therapy”, drugs and invasive procedures are used according to a complete examination (bedside and instrumental) of the patient's signs and symptoms. We describe characteristics of NP symptoms in order to individualise our therapeutic target and then we list the possible therapeutic drugs for these kinds of symptoms.
The red wine polyphenol resveratrol reduces polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced DNA damage in MCF-10A cells
Authors: Leung Hau Y. , Yung Lai Hang , Shi Guoli , Lu A.-Lien , Leung Lai K. 
Published: October 2009

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are procarcinogens that can be commonly found in our food and environment. Upon biotransformation in our body system, they can cause DNA damage through the generation of genotoxic species and oxidative stress. Phase I and II enzymes are pivotal in the process of proximate carcinogen formation and elimination. Some dietary phytochemicals are strong inhibitors to the phase I enzymes. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the red wine compound resveratrol on DNA damage induced by PAH in a non-tumorigenic breast cell line MCF-10A. Resveratrol ranging from 1 to 5 μmcould significantly suppress the expressions of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP1B1 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) 1A1 induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). The comet assay indicated that DMBA introduced DNA damage to these cells, and co-treatment of resveratrol at 5 or 10 μmcould alleviate the damage. Further investigation illustrated that resveratrol reduced the binding of DMBA metabolites to DNA with no effect on DMBA-induced oxidative DNA damage. Since the phase II enzyme UGT1A1 was suppressed, the elimination of DMBA metabolites would not have contributed to the reduction in the DMBA metabolite–DNA binding. In summary, resveratrol might protect breast cells against PAH-induced DNA damage. The underlying mechanism was mediated by phase I enzyme suppression rather than phase II enzyme induction or oxidative DNA repair.
Long-term dietary patterns and carotid artery intima media thickness: The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study
Authors: Mikkilä Vera , Räsänen Leena , Laaksonen Marika M. L. , Juonala Markus , Viikari Jorma , Pietinen Pirjo , Raitakari Olli T. 
Published: October 2009

A whole-diet approach has proven useful for characterising dietary exposure in cardiovascular epidemiology research. In our previous analyses, we found dietary patterns to be significant determinants of CVD risk factor levels among the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns cohort. We investigated the associations of major dietary patterns with carotid intima media thickness (IMT), a subclinical predictor of CVD, in healthy adults. The Young Finns Study is an ongoing, prospective cohort study with a 21-year follow-up to date. The subjects were children and adolescents at baseline in 1980 (aged 3–18 years), and all had reached adulthood by the latest follow-up in 2001 (aged 24–39 years). Complete dietary data from the years 1980, 1986 and 2001 and outcome data from the year 2001 were obtained from 785 subjects. The long-term average pattern score for a traditional dietary pattern (characterised by high consumption of rye, potatoes, butter, sausages, milk and coffee) was associated with IMT especially among subjects with a low score for the health-conscious dietary pattern (characterised by high consumption of vegetables, legumes and nuts, rye, tea, cheese and other dairy products). In multivariable regression analyses using long-term pattern scores as predictors, the traditional dietary pattern was independently associated with IMT in men (P < 0·01), but not in women (P = 0·66). Long-term adherence to traditional food choices seems to increase the risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis among Finnish men.
Asset Liquidity and Capital Structure
Authors: Sibilkov Valeriy 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis paper tests alternative theories about the effect of asset liquidity on capital structure. Using data from a broad sample of U.S. public companies, I find that leverage is positively related to asset liquidity. Further analysis reveals that the relation between asset liquidity and secured debt is positive, whereas the relation between asset liquidity and unsecured debt is curvilinear. The results are consistent with the view that the costs of financial distress and inefficient liquidation are economically important and that they affect capital structure decisions. In addition, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that the costs of managerial discretion increase with asset liquidity.