bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Policy advice and best practices on bias and fairness in AI
Authors: Alvarez Jose M. , Colmenarejo Alejandra Bringas , Elobaid Alaa , Fabbrizzi Simone , Fahimi Miriam , Ferrara Antonio , Ghodsi Siamak , Mougan Carlos , Papageorgiou Ioanna , Reyero Paula , Russo Mayra , Scott Kristen M. , State Laura , Zhao Xuan , Ruggieri Salvatore 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe literature addressing bias and fairness in AI models (fair-AI) is growing at a fast pace, making it difficult for novel researchers and practitioners to have a bird’s-eye view picture of the field. In particular, many policy initiatives, standards, and best practices in fair-AI have been proposed for setting principles, procedures, and knowledge bases to guide and operationalize the management of bias and fairness. The first objective of this paper is to concisely survey the state-of-the-art of fair-AI methods and resources, and the main policies on bias in AI, with the aim of providing such a bird’s-eye guidance for both researchers and practitioners. The second objective of the paper is to contribute to the policy advice and best practices state-of-the-art by leveraging from the results of the NoBIAS research project. We present and discuss a few relevant topics organized around the NoBIAS architecture, which is made up of a Legal Layer, focusing on the European Union context, and a Bias Management Layer, focusing on understanding, mitigating, and accounting for bias.
GIS-based relationship between pathway names and landscape. A multilingual case study: Euskadi, Spain
Authors: Mitxelena-Hoyos Oihana , Amaro-Mellado José-Lázaro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlace names determine geographic units in space, encapsulate the description of places where inhabitants conduct their activities, and preserve the perception of the territory in past times. The very definition of landscape impacts two interrelated concepts: human action and perception. On another note, traditional pathways are structuring elements of the landscape, bearing witness to the dynamic relationship between the territory and its inhabitants by connecting residences and workplaces. This work aims to assess the relationship between the landscape mosaic and the toponyms of pathways and roads gathered in the current cartography of Euskadi (Spain), a territory influenced by the existence of two official languages. Given the spatial component of the data, this analysis is conducted through geographic information systems. Firstly, a corpus of 3072 pathway names selected from current official toponymic databases is compiled, as well as the content of the first edition of the National Topographic Map. Subsequently, the semantic content of the corpus elements is examined, as well as the nature of their referential content concerning the landscape units obtained from the Atlas of Spanish Landscapes. The results show common factors in characterizing landscapes and the etymology of names. Thus, it is noted that traditional agricultural, forestry, livestock, and traditional industry activities shape the toponymy in the most populated landscape units. Meanwhile, references to the orography typify the more mountainous landscapes. Therefore, the geographical study demonstrates the existence of common factors that link landscape and toponymy, validating one as a study source for the other.
Class-Balanced Regularization for Long-Tailed Recognition
Authors: Xu Yuge , Lyu Chuanlong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLong-tailed recognition performs poorly on minority classes. The extremely imbalanced distribution of classifier weight norms leads to a decision boundary biased toward majority classes. To address this issue, we propose Class-Balanced Regularization to balance the distribution of classifier weight norms so that the model can make more balanced and reasonable classification decisions. In detail, CBR separately adjusts the regularization factors based on L2 regularization to be correlated with the class sample frequency positively, rather than using a fixed regularization factor. CBR trains balanced classifiers by increasing the L2 norm penalty for majority classes and reducing the penalty for minority classes. Since CBR is mainly used for classification adjustment instead of feature extraction, we adopt a two-stage training algorithm. In the first stage, the network with the traditional empirical risk minimization is trained, and in the second stage, CBR for classifier adjustment is applied. To validate the effectiveness of CBR, we perform extensive experiments on CIFAR10-LT, CIFAR100-LT, and ImageNet-LT datasets. The results demonstrate that CBR significantly improves performance by effectively balancing the distribution of classifier weight norms.
Period-doubling cascade route to chaos in an initially curved microbeam resonator exposed to fringing-field electrostatic actuation
Authors: Rashidi Zahra , Azizi Saber , Rahmani Omid 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the chaotic dynamics of a piezoelectrically laminated initially curved microbeam resonator subjected to fringing-field electrostatic actuation, for the first time. The resonator is fully clamped at both ends and is coated with two piezoelectric layers, encompassing both the top and bottom surfaces. The nonlinear motion equation which is obtained by considering the nonlinear fringing-field electrostatic force, includes geometric nonlinearities due to the mid-plane stretching and initial curvature. The motion equation is discretized using Galerkin method and the reduced order system is numerically integrated over the time for the time response. The variation of the first three natural frequencies with respect to the applied electrostatic voltage is determined and the frequency response curve is obtained using the combination of shooting and continuation methods. The bifurcation points have been examined and their types have been clarified based on the loci of the Floquet exponents on the complex plane. The period-doubled branches of the frequency response curves originating from the period doubling (PD) bifurcation points are stablished. It's demonstrated that the succession PD cascades leads to chaotic behavior. The chaotic behavior is identified qualitatively by constructing the corresponding Poincaré section and analyzing the response's associated frequency components. The bifurcation diagram is obtained for a wide range of excitation frequency and thus the exact range in which chaotic behavior occurs for the system is determined. The chaotic response of the system is regularized and controlled by applying an appropriate piezoelectric voltage which shifts the frequency response curve along the frequency axis.
Quantifying state transfer strength on graphs with involution
Authors: Lippner Gabor , Shi Yujia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper discusses continuous-time quantum walks and asymptotic state transfer in graphs with an involution. By providing quantitative bounds on the components of the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian, it provides an approach to achieving high-fidelity state transfer by strategically selecting energy potentials based on the maximum degrees of the graphs. The study also involves an analysis of the time necessary for quantum transfer to occur.
The steady effect of knowledge co-creation with universities on business scientific impact throughout the economic cycle
Authors: Gómez-Aguayo Ana María , Azagra-Caro Joaquín M. , Benito-Amat Carlos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractEconomic ups and downs condition science and innovation. The research strength of business firms and their cooperation with universities are important functions of science systems. The aim of this research is to analyse some of the links between business scientific output co-creation and impact throughout the economic cycle. Economic growth increases the probability of firms fostering both their scientific knowledge co-creation output and their scientific impact, until reaching an inflection point, after which those relationships become negative. Co-creation with universities intensifies the scientific impact of firms’ output; however, although in theory this effect should vary according to the economic phase, the evidence shows that it remains steady. In this mixed-method study, the theory is grounded through interviews with key university and firm co-authors, and an empirical test is conducted on publications from 15,000 Spanish firms between 2000 and 2016 and their citations—a period which includes the Spanish Great Recession (2008–2014). The analysis suggests that policies to promote business co-creation output with universities should be more stable throughout the economic cycle: with high growth, governments should maintain the support for co-creation that is typical with low growth; with low growth, governments should not expect co-creation with universities to have an even greater positive effect on firms’ scientific quality than it already has with high growth.
The Role of Online Comedy Skits in the Sexual Objectification of Women in Nigeria
Authors: Akalonu Chinwendu Praise , Ha Louisa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecently, online comedy skit creators have become celebrities and influencers in Nigeria, amassing millions of followers on various social media platforms. The influence of these influencers on their followers and society can be harmful when negative messages like sexual objectification of women are propagated. Using a mixed methods approach, this study examines the role that comedy skits play in the promotion of female sexual objectification in Nigeria. The study examines YouTube video content from six (6) major comedy skits makers. The results indicate that all six (6) of the major online skit comedy makers analysed in the study use various elements of sexual objectification such as sexual language, sex appeal, male gaze, and sexualization in their YouTube videos. This finding has implications for women and girls in Nigeria as well as the world since media’s portrayal of women as sexual objects have been linked to global violence against women and girls.
Perception of cyberdating abuse from the victims’ perspective: effect of the type of suffered behavior and gender
Authors: Sánchez-Hernández M. Dolores , Herrera M. Carmen , Expósito Francisca 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDirect cyberaggression and cybercontrol, although both are manifestations of cyberdating abuse (CDA), seem to show different intentionality and impact. Furthermore, how young people perceive and experience CDA within heterosexual relationships varies by gender. However, no studies have examined whether the victims’ perception of offense and severity in an incident of CDA and the motivations that they attributed to their aggressor’s behavior vary by the type of victimization and gender. This research (N = 92 participants; 56.5% men and 43.5% women) was aimed at addressing this gap in the literature. Participants randomly completed an essay in which the CDA victimization (direct cyberaggression vs. cybercontrol) was manipulated and then responded to dependent measures. The results showed that (a) direct cyberaggression (vs. cybercontrol ) victimization was perceived as more offensive and severe; (b) women (vs. men) perceived greater offense and severity in a CDA victimization incident; (c) direct cyberaggression victimization was more frequently attributed to anger/frustration and online disinhibition, whereas cybercontrol victimization was attributed to personality and jealousy; and (d) a higher percentage of men indicated that their partners had perpetrated CDA against them because of the partners’ personality, whereas a higher percentage of women indicated that they had been victims of CDA because their partners experienced online disinhibition. We discussed the theoretical and practical contributions of our findings in the CDA field.
Self-care practices and relationships with vitality and health complaints in self-employed workers
Authors: Schmitt Antje , Prasastyoga Bramesada 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSelf-employed workers face numerous demands, including high uncertainty, workload, and personal responsibility for business success, that have the potential to jeopardize their well-being. This study integrates aspects of the conservation of resources (COR) theory, the theory of planned behavior (TPB), and the literature on intention–behavior gaps to offer insights into how self-employed workers can influence their well-being. We propose that their intention to adopt self-care practices acts as a motivational element that links assumptions about the well-being-protecting and -enhancing effects of self-care practices to the enactment of such practices. Moreover, we investigate the role of entrepreneurial stressors as potential hindering factors in the translation of self-care practice intentions into actual behavior. In a sample of 290 self-employed workers and employing a two-wave study design with a one-month time lag, we found that frequently practicing self-care was positively associated with workers’ vitality, negatively associated with mental health complaints, and unrelated to somatic health complaints. Among the various types of self-care, physical exercise was most consistently associated with well-being outcomes. Self-care intentions significantly predicted the engagement in self-care practices. Entrepreneurial stressors did not act as barriers to the adoption of self-care practices. By underscoring the utility of self-care practices for self-employed workers’ well-being and the key role of self-care practice intentions, this study responds to the call for a research focus shift towards identifying practices that protect well-being among self-employed workers.
The Predictability of a Heavy Rainfall Event during the Summer of 2022 Using an All-sky Radiance Assimilation Experiment
Authors: Song Hyo-Jong , Lee Sihye 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the results of the recent development of the all-sky radiance assimilation system in the Korean Integrated Model (KIM). In the cycled analysis and forecast experiments, the increased coverage of radiance data in cloudy regions improved the quality of initial fields for mass variables, temperature and humidity. The experimental period covered the record-breaking heavy rainfall event on August 9, 2022. We examined the simulation accuracy of the western North Pacific subtropical high (WNPSH) in both clear- and all-sky experiments. In the clear-sky experiment, northward propagation of the WNPSH was restricted. A humid bias exists with clear-sky radiance assimilation over the WNPSH region. Since humid air is lighter than dry air, in this situation, the geopotential height (GPH) should be lower to achieve the same pressure, and a low-pressure bias occurs. All-sky radiance assimilation dries the moisture field, which helps elevate the GPH over the WNPSH region. The expansion of the WNPSH yielded a steeper confrontation in the air between the land and ocean around the southeastern sea of the Korean Peninsula to predict the strength of rainfall events more accurately. A more accurate simulation of the jet stream outlet was also demonstrated in an all-sky experiment. This study shows that the all-sky radiance assimilation can help to more accurately predict extreme rainfall events via proper simulations of large-scale fields.
Digital Social Connectedness as a Lifeline for Older People: Use and Non-use of VinclesBCN During the Pandemic
Authors: Rodríguez-Giralt Israel , López-Gómez Daniel , Beneito-Montagut Roser 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article presents the results of a study that evaluated VinclesBCN during COVID-19. This digital-based public social service aims to prevent loneliness and isolation in +65-year-old adults living in Barcelona. Through service user (N = 12) and professional (N = 6) interviews and a questionnaire with service users (N = 255), we demonstrate the pivotal role of digital connectedness in transforming VinclesBCN into a lifeline during the pandemic. The analysis revealed the importance of sociability, social support, and, especially, entertainment in coping with pandemic fatigue and facilitating social connectivity and support among users. Users engaged in activities such as sharing images, songs, memes, and daily greetings to provide proximity, sociability, and care among users, whether they belonged to preexisting groups or were newly introduced to the platform. It also facilitated the identification of individuals who needed companionship, comfort, or more specialized support. The findings emphasize the significance of entertainment as a resilience-building strategy during times of uncertainty. Despite the positive impact, not all users equally used the platform. Non-use was strongly associated with being a woman, having a low educational level, having preexisting social relationships, less time of enrolment in the platform, as well as a high perception of loneliness, poor self-reported health, and low mood. The article underscores the need for further research into older adults’ digital engagement during crises, its role in building resilience, and advocating for inclusive digital interventions that take into account diverse older adults’ needs and experiences in crisis contexts.
Multisensorische Stimulation und psychische Gesundheit – „Anima Mentis“ ein evidenzbasiertes Praxisprojekt
Authors: Eßl-Maurer Roland 
Published: April 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die psychische Gesundheit ist ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der allgemeinen Gesundheit, und Präventionsmaßnahmen mit dem Ziel, diese Komponente der Gesundheit zu erhalten und zu fördern, haben in den letzten Jahrzehnten zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen. In Europa sind Depressionen der wichtigste Einzelfaktor für psychische Gesundheitsprobleme. Die hohe Prävalenz und die besonders hohe Krankheitslast von Depressionen begründen ein großes Interesse an wirksamen, früh einsetzenden, niedrigschwelligen und individuellen Präventionsmaßnahmen für die Allgemeinbevölkerung.

Ziel
Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, einen Überblick über die Entwicklung und Struktur des evidenzbasierten Anwendungsprogramms „Anima Mentis“ zur Förderung der psychischen Gesundheit und Prävention psychischer Erkrankungen zu geben.

Ergebnis
Basierend auf einer narrativen Literaturrecherche zur Identifizierung evidenzbasierter Interventionen wurden Erkenntnisse zu monosensorischen und multisensorischen Stimulationen zur Reduktion depressiver Symptome und zur Förderung des psychischen Wohlbefindens in das Programm „Anima Mentis“ überführt. Dieses modular aufgebaute Programm wird in einem Behandlungszentrum mit verschiedenen Raumkonzepten wie Bewegungsraum, Lichtraum, Virtual Reality (VR)-Raum, Nature-360°-Kino und Sinnesraum umgesetzt.

Schlussfolgerung
Das Praxisprojekt „Anima Mentis“ verfolgt einen personalisierten Ansatz zur Förderung der psychischen Gesundheit. Dieses Konzept bietet das Potenzial, in verschiedene Versorgungseinrichtungen wie z. B. die betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung integriert zu werden. Um die Evidenzlage zur multisensorischen Stimulation zu erweitern und Einblicke in spezifische Nutzergruppen, insbesondere im präventiven Kontext, zu gewinnen, ist zukünftige Forschung notwendig.
Unique Relationship Between Optimum Compaction Properties of Fine-Grained Soils Across Rational Compactive Efforts: A Validation Study
Authors: Soltani Amin , O’Kelly Brendan C. , Horpibulsuk Suksun , Taheri Abbas 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAmong the many proposals for estimating the compaction characteristics of fine-grained soils for different compaction energy levels (CELs), energy conversion (EC) models are gaining increased attention. These models work on the premise of employing measured optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) values obtained for a rational CEL (e.g., standard or reduced-standard Proctor (SP or RSP)) to predict the same for other CELs. This study revisits the most recently proposed EC-based compaction modeling framework, critically examining its asserted accuracy and hence identifying its true potentials. This was achieved by performing comprehensive statistical analyses on a newly compiled database of 206 compaction test results, entailing 70 different fine-grained soils (with liquid limits ranging 19–365%) and accounting for CELs of 202.0–2723.5 kJ/m3. It was demonstrated that 99% and 96% of the differences between the SP-converted and measured values for OMC and MDUW, respectively, fall within the allowable margins of OMC and MDUW measurement errors permitted by the Australian AS 1289.5.1.1/AS 1289.5.2.1 standards (satisfying their recommended ≥ 95% requirement). Equally favorable results were also obtained for the RSP-based conversions. These findings reaffirmed that the optimum compaction parameters across rational CELs are somewhat uniquely related, and the effects of fine-grained soil attributes on soil compactability are adequately captured/explained by the measured OMC and MDUW values employed as the conversion inputs/predictors.
Sol–gel-stabilized CO2 foam for enhanced in-situ carbonation in foamed fly ash backfill materials
Authors: Ngo Ichhuy , Ma Liqiang , Zhao Zhiyang , Zhai Jiangtao , Yu Kunpeng , Wu Yonghui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA novel highly stable aqueous foam was synthesized using CO2, sodium silicate (SS) and anionic surfactant of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. The influence of CO2 foam on the mechanical properties and its underlying mechanisms of foamed backfill material was investigated. The experimental results revealed that the addition of CO2 and SS effectively reduced the drainage of the foam while strengthening the liquid film of the Plateau borders, which stabilizes the foam. The excellent stability is attributable to the gel network developed after SS exposed to CO2, that adhere to the foam surface. Furthermore, due to the interaction between encapsulated CO2 and hydration products, micro CaCO3 formed and filled the pore wall; thus, precast foam forms robust pore structures in the hardened foamed backfill.
Sustainable reuse of waste ceramic tiles powder and waste brick powder as a replacement for cement on green high strength concrete properties
Authors: Tawfik Taher A. , Sičáková Alena , Kuzielová Eva , Kušnír Štefan , Eštoková Adriana , Bálintová Magdaléna , Junáková Natália 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNowadays, reducing construction waste has grabbed the attention. As bricks and ceramic tiles represent more than 50% of the ceramic waste in many European countries. Thus, the recycling of this waste type is one of the most significant challenges within the paradigm of the circular economy. This paper investigated the impact of substitution levels of cement by waste ceramic powder (WCP) and waste brick powder (WBP) at 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, on the HSC characteristics. The WBP and WCP materials were characterized in detail by laser granulometry, XRF and XRD measurements, followed by standard mixing, production, and curing of concrete samples. The experiments on dry density, modulus of elasticity, flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, compressive strength, resistance to sulfate attack, water absorption and ultrasonic pulse velocity were conducted to evaluate the hardened properties of concrete. It was demonstrated that the durability and strength of concrete containing WBP and WCP as partial replacements for cement are marginally inferior to those of the control sample. On the other hand, samples containing WBP had a lesser negative effect on HSC properties in comparison with samples containing WCP. However, employing a 5% WBP with 10% WCP mixture enhanced the characteristics of the HSC in comparison to samples containing various percentages of WCP individually. In addition, the microstructure analyses revealed that the addition of 10% WCP and 5%WBP to HSC specimens resulted in higher hydration products and a slightly denser concrete matrix compared to samples containing various percentages of WCP individually. Research findings indicate that a 15% substitution of cement with WCP or WBP illustrated an environmental benefit in concrete production due to a 13.1% reduction in specific energy consumption.