bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Summary of ‘Rapid viral diagnosis for acute febrile respiratory illness in children in the Emergency Department’
Authors: Office Evidence‐Based Child Health Editorial 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Doan Q, Enarson P, Kissoon N, Klassen TP, Johnson DW. Rapid viral diagnosis for acute febrile respiratory illness in children in the Emergency Department. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD006452. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006452.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood’
Authors: Office Evidence‐Based Child Health Editorial 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Huertas‐Ceballos AA, Logan S, Bennett C, Macarthur C. Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD003019. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003019.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentaries on ‘Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood’
Authors: Michail Sonia , Stolfi Adrienne , Slavin Joanne L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThese are commentaries on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Huertas‐Ceballos AA, Logan S, Bennett C, Macarthur C. Dietary interventions for recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in childhood. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD003019. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003019.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Spectroscopic Characterization and Competitive Inhibition Studies of Azide Binding to a Functional NOR Model
Authors: Yang Ying , Dey Abhishek , Decréau Richard A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAzide binding to a functional nitric oxide reductase (NOR) model has been investigated in its mixed‐valence (LFeIIIFeII and LFeIIFeIII) and fully oxidized (LFeIIIFeIII) forms. FTIR and EPR spectroscopic methods indicate that azide binds in a bridging mode between the heme iron and the non‐heme iron sites. Terminal azide binding at both heme and non‐heme centers is also identified with the reactions of azide and the dinuclear compounds LFeIII/ZnII and LZnII/FeIII: the bound azide at the ferric heme center exhibits a vibrational frequency at 2007 cm–1 in the FTIR, while the bound azide at the ferric non‐heme site shows a band at 2055 cm–1. The reactivity of nitric oxide with the model compounds in the presence of excess azide was investigated. It is demonstrated that azide does not inhibit NO binding to the fully reduced catalyst but binds the FeB tightly in both the mixed‐valence and the fully oxidized states. These results further support the proposal that a bis‐ferrous instead of a mixed‐valence state is the active form of NOR.
Highly Active Nickel Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2 Nanotube Electrodes for Methanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Hosseini M. G. , Momeni M. M. , Faraji M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNickel nanoparticles/TiO2 nanotubes/Ti electrodes were prepared by galvanic deposition of nickel nanoparticles on the TiO2 nanotubes layer on titanium substrates. Titanium oxide nanotubes were fabricated by anodizing titanium foil in a DMSO fluoride‐containing electrolyte. The morphology and surface characteristics of titanium dioxide nanotubes and Ni/TiO2/Ti electrodes were investigated using scanning electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, respectively. The results indicated that nickel nanoparticles were homogeneously deposited on the surface of TiO2 nanotubes. The electrocatalytic behaviour of nickel nanoparticles/TiO2/Ti electrodes for the methanol electrooxidation was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and chronoamperometry methods. The results showed that Ni/TiO2/Ti electrodes exhibit a considerably higher electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of methanol.
Graphene and Nanogold‐Functionalized Immunosensing Interface with Enhanced Sensitivity for One‐Step Electrochemical Immunoassay of Alpha‐Fetoprotein in Human Serum
Authors: Su Biling , Tang Juan , Huang Jianxin , Yang Huanghao , Qiu Bin , Chen Guonan , Tang Dianping 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new electrochemical immunosensing protocol for sensitive detection of alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP, as a model) in human serum was developed by means of immobilization of horseradish peroxidase‐anti‐AFP conjugates (HRP‐anti‐AFP) onto graphene and nanogold‐functionalized biomimetic interfaces. The low‐toxic and high‐conductive graphene complex provided a large capacity for nanoparticulate immobilization and a facile pathway for electron transfer. With a one‐step immunoassay format, the antigen‐antibody complex was formed between the immobilized HRP‐anti‐AFP on the electrode and AFP in the sample. The formed immunocomplex was coated on the electrode surface, inhibited partly the active center of HRP, and decreased the catalytic reduction of HRP toward the enzyme substrate of H2O2. Under optimal conditions, the decrease of reduction currents was proportional to AFP concentration, and the dynamic range was 1.0–10 ng/mL with a relative‐low detection limit (LOD) of 0.7 ng/mL AFP. Intra‐ and inter‐assay coefficients of variation (CVs) were less than 10 %. The assay was evaluated for clinical human serum samples, including 8 (possible) patients with hepatocarcinoma and 3 normal human sera. Correct identification of negative/positive samples and perfect accordance with results from Elecsys 2010 Electrochemiluminescent Automatic Analyzer as a reference was obtained. Importantly, the graphene and nanogold‐based sensor provided a promising platform for the detection of other biocompounds, and could be further applied for development of other potential electrochemical bio/chemosensors.
Discovering the somatotopic organization of the motor areas of the medial wall using low‐frequency bold fluctuations
Authors: Cauda Franco , Giuliano Geminiani , Federico D'Agata , Sergio Duca , Katiuscia Sacco 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study explored the somatotopy of the motor areas of the medial wall of the cerebral hemisphere, in the human brain. In a sample of 16 healthy participants, we drew 9 regions of interest (ROI) over the primary motor area (M1), each corresponding to a well‐known somatic representation. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated the resting state functional connectivity between each selected ROI and the motor areas of the medial wall. The main finding was the identification of a rostrocaudal gradient of connectivity in which the more we move from cranial to caudal body representation areas in M1, the more the corresponding connected area in the medial wall is shifted rostrocaudally, confirming the somatotopic schema found in the SMA. We also reanalyzed data obtained in a previous experiment, we performed using hand and foot motor tasks; the reanalysis consisted in traditional BOLD and functional connectivity analyses. Finally, we performed a meta‐analysis of 28 studies of hand and foot motor tasks, mapping their cerebral representations using the tools provided by the Brainmap database. All data converge in confirming a somatotopic representation of the medial wall motor areas, with hand representation placed more rostrally and ventrally than that of the foot. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Abnormal bone remodeling in patients with spontaneous painful vertebral fracture
Authors: Parfitt Michael , Qiu Shijing , Palnitkar Saroj , Rao D Sudhaker 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
The application of tetracycline-based iliac bone histomorphometry to the study of the pathogenesis of osteoporosis has given conflicting results. Accordingly, we performed this procedure in 78 postmenopausal white women with one or more vertebral fractures identified according to rigorous criteria that excluded other causes of vertebral deformity and 66 healthy postmenopausal white women recruited from the same geographic region; the groups did not differ in age or weight. In each subject, measurements were made separately on the cancellous (Cn), endocortical (Ec), and intracortical (Ct) subdivisions of the endosteal envelope. In the fracture patients, osteoblast surface was reduced substantially on each subdivision, most markedly on the Cn surface, where about 25% of the deficit was in cuboidal (type II) osteoblasts, suggesting impaired recruitment; the remaining 75% of the deficit was in intermediate (type III) cells, suggesting earlier transition from type III to type IV (flat) cells. On the Ec and Ct surfaces, the deficit was exclusively in type III cells. Mean bone formation rate was reduced by about 18% on the Cn but not on the Ec or Ct surfaces. The deficit was more significant in subjects matched for Cn BV/TV when adjusted for the inverse regression on osteocyte density and after logarithmic transformation. The difference in bone formation rate resulted from a corresponding reduction in wall thickness without a change in activation frequency. The frequency distribution of bone formation rate was more skewed to the left in the fracture patients than in the controls. Osteoclast surface was significantly lower on each subdivision. The variation in osteoblast surface, bone formation rate, and osteoclast surface was significantly greater in the fracture patients than in the controls, with more abnormally low and abnormally high values. The data suggest the following conclusions: (1) The histologic heterogeneity of postmenopausal osteoporosis is reaffirmed; (2) the different subdivisions of the endosteal envelope, although in continuity, behave differently in health and disease; (3) a combination of defective osteoblast recruitment and premature osteoblast apoptosis would account for the deficit in type II and III cells and the reductions in wall thickness and bone formation rate on the Cn surface and the previously reported osteocyte deficiency in Cn bone; (4) premature disaggregation of multinuclear to mononuclear resorbing cells could account for the osteoclast deficit; and (5) some patients with vertebral fracture have one or another disorder of bone remodeling that at present cannot be identified by noninvasive means. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Double disruption of α2A- and α2C -adrenoceptors results in sympathetic hyperactivity and high-bone-mass phenotype
Authors: Fonseca Tatiana L , Jorgetti Vanda , Costa Cristiane C , Capelo Luciane P , Covarrubias Ambart E , Moulatlet Ana C , Teixeira Marilia B , Hesse Eric , Morethson Priscilla , Beber Eduardo H , Freitas Fatima R , Wang Charles C , Nonaka Keico O , Oliveira Ricardo , Casarini Dulce E , Zorn Telma M , Brum Patricia C , Gouveia Cecilia H 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Evidence demonstrates that sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation causes osteopenia via β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) signaling. Here we show that female mice with chronic sympathetic hyperactivity owing to double knockout of adrenoceptors that negatively regulate norepinephrine release, α2A-AR and α2C-AR (α2A/α2C-ARKO), present an unexpected and generalized phenotype of high bone mass with decreased bone resorption and increased formation. In α2A/α2C-ARKO versus wild-type (WT) mice, micro–computed tomographic (µCT) analysis showed increased, better connected, and more plate-shaped trabeculae in the femur and vertebra and increased cortical thickness in the vertebra, whereas biomechanical analysis showed increased tibial and femoral strength. Tibial mRNA expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRACP) and receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK), which are osteoclast-related factors, was lower in knockout (KO) mice. Plasma leptin and brain mRNA levels of cocaine amphetamine–regulated transcript (CART), which are factors that centrally affect bone turnover, and serum levels of estradiol were similar between mice strains. Tibial β2-AR mRNA expression also was similar in KO and WT littermates, whereas α2A-, α2B- and α2C-AR mRNAs were detected in the tibia of WT mice and in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. By immunohistochemistry, we detected α2A-, α2B-, α2C- and β2-ARs in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and chondrocytes of 18.5-day-old mouse fetuses and 35-day-old mice. Finally, we showed that isolated osteoclasts in culture are responsive to the selective α2-AR agonist clonidine and to the nonspecific α-AR antagonist phentolamine. These findings suggest that β2-AR is not the single adrenoceptor involved in bone turnover regulation and show that α2-AR signaling also may mediate the SNS actions in the skeleton. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Oil production by a consortium of oleaginous microorganisms grown on primary effluent wastewater
Authors: Hall Jacqueline , Hetrick Mary , French Todd , Hernandez Rafael , Donaldson Janet , Mondala Andro , Holmes William 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Municipal wastewater could be a potential growth medium that has not been considered for cultivating oleaginous microorganisms. This study is designed to determine if a consortium of oleaginous microorganism can successfully compete for carbon and other nutrients with the indigenous microorganisms contained in primary effluent wastewater.RESULTS: The oleaginous consortium inoculated with indigenous microorganisms reached stationary phase within 24 h, reaching a maximum cell concentration of 0.58 g L−1. Water quality post‐oleaginous consortium growth reached a maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction of approximately 81%, supporting the consumption of the glucose within 8 h. The oleaginous consortium increased the amount of oil produced per gram by 13% compared with indigenous microorganisms in raw wastewater. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results show a substantial population increase in bacteria within the first 24 h when the consortium is inoculated into raw wastewater.CONCLUSION: This result, along with the fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) results, suggests that conditions tested were not sufficient for the oleaginous consortium to compete with the indigenous microorganisms. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
An efficient protocol for the one‐pot synthesis of 4‐(2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones/thiones catalyzed by Mg(NO3)2
Authors: Liu Chenjiang , Zhao Xinhai , Li Yanping 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA series of novel 4‐(2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐3,4‐dihydropyrimidin‐2(1H)‐ones/thiones were prepared by condensing 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐4‐formyl‐1,2,3‐triazole with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compound and urea or thiourea using Mg(NO3)2 as an efficient and cheap catalyst. The satisfactory results were obtained with excellent yields and short reaction time. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
A divergent synthesis of dihydropyridazinones, N‐substituted dihydropyrazoles, and O‐substituted pyrazoles
Authors: Masumoto Eiichi , Maruoka Hiroshi , Okabe Fumi , Nishida Sho , Yoshimura Yuki , Fujioka Toshihiro , Yamagata Kenji 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Dihydropyridazinones 4a, 4b, N‐substituted dihydropyrazoles 5b, 5c, 5d, and O‐substituted pyrazoles 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d have been synthesized starting from spirocyclopropanepyrazole derivative 2. Treatment of 2 with α‐chloro esters, e.g., methyl chloroacetate, ethyl chloroacetate, isopropyl chloroacetate, and tert‐butyl chloroacetate, in potassium carbonate/sodium iodide system caused ring opening and subsequent C‐ or N‐attack nucleophilic substitution to give the corresponding dihydropyridazinones 4a, 4b and N‐substituted dihydropyrazoles 5b, 5c, 5d. On the other hand, in the absence of sodium iodide, O‐substituted pyrazoles 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d were obtained from 2 via an O‐attack nucleophilic substitution. J. Heterocyclic Chem., 2011.
Aflatoxin determination in commonly consumed foods in Tunisia
Authors: Ghali Ridha , Khlifa Karima H , Ghorbel Hayat , Maaroufi Khira , Hedilli Abderrazak 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: To investigate natural aflatoxin occurrence, a total of 180 samples of different foods widely consumed in Tunisia were analysed by an in‐house‐validated high‐performance liquid chromatography method including affinity column clean‐up and post‐column bromination techniques.RESULTS: The method used appeared to be rapid, selective and reproducible, and its performances were established. Detection limits were 0.05 ng g−1 for aflatoxin B1 and 0.025 ng g−1 for aflatoxins B2, G1 and G2. Aflatoxins were detected in all investigated commodities except rice, with an overall contamination frequency of 34.4% and concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 40.6 ng g−1. Aflatoxin B1 was found in all contaminated samples. Sorghum, spices and nuts were most contaminated.CONCLUSION: This study has provided an effective analytical method for the reliable determination of aflatoxins in food samples. Over one‐third of the samples investigated were contaminated with aflatoxins. Sorghum, spices and nuts were most contaminated, whereas rice showed no contamination. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Predicting factors of unexpected peritoneal seeding in locally advanced gastric cancer: Indications for staging laparoscopy
Authors: Hur Hoon , Lee Han Hong , Jung Hun , Song Kyo Young , Jeon Hae Myung , Park Cho Hyun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to investigate predictive factors for unexpected peritoneal seeding from clinically resectable advanced gastric cancers to suggest the indications for staging laparoscopy (SL).MethodsA total of consecutive 589 gastric cancer patients who were clinically diagnosed with advanced gastric cancer with no metastatic disease underwent operations at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital.ResultsA total of 72 patients (including 35 patients with seeding to distant peritoneum) were surgically diagnosed with peritoneal seeding. Borrmann type 3 (OR: 4.475) or type 4 (OR: 8.243) cancer, tumor invasion of T3 (OR: 2.794) or T4 (OR: 6.841) and tumor size (4 cm ≤ tumor size < 8 cm; OR: 3.723 and 8 cm ≤ tumor size; OR: 6.971) were predictive factors for overall peritoneal seeding. Borrmann type 3 (OR: 3.524) or 4 (OR: 4.695) cancer, tumor invasion of T3 (OR: 4.378) or T4 (OR: 15.817), and tumors involving the anterior wall (OR: 2.762) also turned out to be predictive factors for distant peritoneal seeding.ConclusionsIf SL were performed by these predictive factors, this should have been performed in 42.4% of advanced gastric cancers and the detection rates for overall peritoneal seeding would have been 24.0%. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:753–757. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Peptide‐mediated targeted drug delivery
Authors: Majumdar Sumit , Siahaan Teruna J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTargeted drug delivery to specific group of cells offers an attractive strategy to minimize the undesirable side effects and achieve the therapeutic effect with a lower dose. Both linear and cyclic peptides have been explored as trafficking moiety due to ease of synthesis, structural simplicity, and low probability of undesirable immunogenicity. Peptides derived from sequence of cell surface proteins, such as intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), LHRH, Bombesin, and LFA‐1, have shown potent binding affinity to the target cell surface receptors. Moreover, peptides derived from ICAM‐1 receptor can be internalized by the leukemic T‐cells along with the conjugated moiety offering the promise to selectively treat cancers and autoimmune diseases. Systematic analyses have revealed that physicochemical properties of the drug–peptide conjugates and their mechanism of receptor‐mediated cellular internalization are important controlling factors for developing a successful targeting system. This review is focused on understanding the factors involved in the development of an effective drug–peptide conjugate with an emphasis on the chemistry and biology of the conjugates. Reported results on several promising drug–peptide conjugates have been critically evaluated. The approaches and results presented here will serve as a guide to systematically approach targeted delivery of cytotoxic drug molecules using peptides for treatment of several diseases. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 32, No. 3, 637‐658, 2012
Coupling heat conduction and water–steam flow in a saturated porous medium
Authors: Muhieddine M. , Canot É. , March R. , Delannay R. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper is devoted to the simulation of water forced evaporation in a porous saturated medium in a 3D‐axisymmetric domain by resolution of partial differential algebraic equations (PDAE) that are encountered in different engineering applications. The goal of this paper is an attempt to present effective realizations, in order to determine the minimal duration of burning for prehistoric occupations. This multidisciplinary work includes scientists in Mathematics, Physics and Archaeology. The model proposed here couples the heat conduction in a water saturated soil with the water steam flow in the medium. We propose an efficient and robust global numerical method, based on a method of lines and differential algebraic equations (DAE) solvers, combined with a Newton method using a powerful sparse linear solver. After a brief overview of classes for numerical techniques applied for moving boundary problems, the Apparent Heat Capacity method (AHC) is used, and in order to validate our codes, a comparison with experiments is done. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.