bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of ADAMTS1 in endothelial cells is induced by shear stress and suppressed in sprouting capillaries
Authors: Hohberg Margret , Knöchel Judith , Hoffmann Christian J. , Chlench Sven , Wunderlich Wulf , Alter Alexander , Maroski Julian , Vorderwülbecke Bernd J. , Da Silva‐Azevedo Luis , Knudsen Rose , Lehmann Robert , Fiedorowicz Katarzyna , Bongrazio Mauro , Nitsche Bianca , Hoepfner Michael , Styp‐Rekowska Beata , Pries Axel R. , Zakrzewicz Andreas 
Published: July 2010

AbstractADAMTS1 inhibits capillary sprouting, and since capillary sprouts do not experience the shear stress caused by blood flow, this study undertook to clarify the relationship between shear stress and ADAMTS1. It was found that endothelial cells exposed to shear stress displayed a strong upregulation of ADAMTS1, dependent upon both the magnitude and duration of their exposure. Investigation of the underlying pathways demonstrated involvement of phospholipase C, phosphoinositide 3‐kinase, and nitric oxide. Forkhead box protein O1 was identified as a likely inhibitor of the system, as its knockdown was followed by a slight increase in ADAMTS1 expression. In silico prediction displayed a transcriptional binding site for Forkhead box protein O1 in the promotor region of the ADAMTS1 gene, as well as sites for nuclear factor 1, SP1, and AP‐1. The anti‐angiogenic effects of ADAMTS1 were attributed to its cleavage of thrombospondin 1 into a 70‐kDa fragment, and a significant enhancement of this fragment was indeed demonstrated by immunoblotting shear stress‐treated cells. Accordingly, scratch wound closure displayed a slowdown in conditioned medium from shear stress‐treated endothelial cells, an effect that could be completely blocked by a knockdown of thrombospondin 1 and partially blocked by a knockdown of ADAMTS1. Non‐perfused capillary sprouts in rat mesenteries stained negative for ADAMTS1, while vessels in the microcirculation that had already experienced blood flow yielded the opposite results. The shear stress‐dependent expression of ADAMTS1 in vitro was therefore also demonstrated in vivo and thereby confirmed as a mechanism connecting blood flow with the regulation of angiogenesis. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 350–361, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
RosettaHoles2: A volumetric packing measure for protein structure refinement and validation
Authors: Sheffler William , Baker David 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe present an improved version of RosettaHoles, a methodology for quantitative and visual characterization of protein core packing. RosettaHoles2 features a packing measure more rapidly computable, accurate and physically transparent, as well as a new validation score intended for structures submitted to the Protein Data Bank. The differential packing measure is parameterized to maximize the gap between computationally generated and experimentally determined X‐ray structures, and can be used in refinement of protein structure models. The parameters of the model provide insight into components missing in current force fields, and the validation score gives an upper bound on the X‐ray resolution of Protein Data Bank structures; a crystal structure should have a validation score as good as or better than its resolution.
Refractory functional dyspepsia and nonerosive reflux disease
Authors: Elliott Tim , Wong Terry 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOur series on Prescribing challenges focuses on areas of therapeutics that can present a particular challenge in general practice. Here, the authors address the management of functional dyspepsia and non – erosive reflux disease that has not responded to firstline therapies. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Interface Ltd
Quantum‐chemical, IR, NMR, and X‐ray diffraction studies on 2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1‐methyl‐ 1H‐benzo[d]imidazole
Authors: Özdemi̇r Namik , Eren Bi̇lge , Di̇nçer Muharrem , Bekdemi̇r Yunus 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe title molecule, 2‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1‐methyl‐1H‐benzo[d]imidazole (C14H11ClN2), was prepared and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The molecular geometry, vibrational frequencies, and gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift values of the title compound in the ground state have been calculated by using the Hartree‐Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with 6‐31G(d) basis sets, and compared with the experimental data. The calculated results show that the optimized geometries can well reproduce the crystal structural parameters, and the theoretical vibrational frequencies and GIAO 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts show good agreement with experimental values. The energetic behavior of the title compound in solvent media has been examined using B3LYP method with the 6‐31G(d) basis set by applying the Onsager and the polarizable continuum model (PCM). Besides, molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMO) analysis, and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the title compound were investigated by theoretical calculations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Study of the fragmentation pattern of ketamine‐heptafluorobutyramide by gas chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry
Authors: Pieri Maria , Castiglia Loredana , Miraglia Nadia , Guadagni Rossella , Malorni Livia , Sannolo Nicola , Acampora Antonio , Casa Elvira Della 
Published: July 2010

AbstractKetamine is an anaesthetic compound used in human and veterinary medicine with hallucinogen properties that have resulted in its increased illicit use by teenagers at rave parties. Although several gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods have been reported for the quantification of the drug both in urine and in hair, its electron ionization (EI) fragmentation after derivatization with different reagents has been not yet fully investigated. The present work reports the study of the fragmentation of ketamine, derivatized with heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA‐Ket), using gas chromatography/electron ionization mass spectrometry (GC/EI‐MS). The complete characterization of the fragmentation pattern represented an intriguing exercise and required tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) experiments, high‐resolution accurate mass measurements and the use of deuterated d4‐ketamine to corroborate the proposed structures and to characterize the fragment ions carrying the unchanged aromatic moiety. Extensive fragmentation was observed, mainly located at the cyclohexanone ring followed by rearrangement of the fragment ions, as confirmed by the mass spectra obtained from the deuterated molecule. The GC/EI‐MS analysis of HFBA‐Ket will represent a useful tool in forensic science since high‐throughput analyses are enabled, preserving both the GC stationary phase and the cleanliness of the mass spectrometer ion optics. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of domain experience in the stock–flow failure
Authors: Brunstein Angela , Gonzalez Cleotilde , Kanter Steven 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMisperceptions of stock and flow relationships are pervasive and an important problem to solve in system dynamics. Prior studies have shown that individuals perform poorly on accumulation problems, even when considering relatively simple systems, an effect termed the Stock–Flow (SF) failure. This study examines the effects of domain experience in overcoming the SF failure. We compared performance of medical students and undergraduates with no medical education on accumulation problems in medical and general domains. Medical students performed better than undergraduates only in some of the problems (including the general domain problems), and they performed equally poorly as undergraduates in problems that required medical domain experience. There was no correlation between performance in the stock and flow problems and either duration of medical education or age. Thus we conclude that domain experience is not a strong indicator for overcoming the SF failure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure of ultrathin silica films on Mo(112) studied via Classical and Quantum Mechanical Rainbow Scattering of Fast Atoms
Authors: Seifert J. , Busch M. , Schüller A. , Blauth D. , Wethekam S. , Winter H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe structure of ultrathin silica films on Mo(112) has been investigated by grazing scattering of fast He atoms from the film surface. We discuss two recent experimental techniques which allow us to study the arrangements of surface atoms of these films in detail. The methods comprise: (i) classical rainbow scattering under axial surface channeling conditions; and (ii) fast atom diffraction. Our work demonstrates the attractive features of grazing fast atom scattering as a powerful analytical tool in studies on the structure of surfaces. From the analysis of our data we find a clearcut support for a structural model based on the arrangement of film atoms in terms of a 2D network. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of repetition nanoindentation of GaN epilayers on a‐axis sapphire substrates
Authors: Lin Meng‐Hung , Wen Hua‐Chiang , Chang Zue‐Chin , Wu Shyh‐Chi , Wu Wen‐Fa , Chou Chang‐Pin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this work, gallium nitride (GaN) epilayers were deposited on a‐axis sapphire substrate by means of metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Berkovich nanoindentation was used to explore the repetition pressure‐induced impairment of the GaN film. The observation of load‐displacement vs stress‐strain curves concludes that basal slip is implicated in the deformation on the A plane GaN. The increase in the hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) was determined from cyclic nanoindentation, and resulted in a crack due to the formation of incipient slip bands and/or the to‐and‐fro motion of mobile dislocation. It is indicated that the generation of individual dislocation and residual deformation of the GaN films are showed by CL mapping analysis. From the morphological studies, it is revealed that the crack was found by means of atomic force microscope (AFM) technique at nine loading/reloading cycles even after the indentation beyond the critical depth on the residual indentation impression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measuring fear of falling and its effect on quality of life and activity
Authors: Perez-Jara J , Walker D , Heslop P , Robinson S 
Published: July 2010

SummaryIn this review, we analyse original research articles in English and Spanish in which fear of falling (FoF) as a long-term syndrome defines the participants, or is the main outcome, or in cases where FoF is a secondary outcome, falls or activity are the main outcomes.FoF is difficult to measure. Attempts are made to do so by use of single questions or scales. Restriction in activity due to FoF is a secondary outcome and can be an important influence on a person's quality of life. There are also various methods of measuring it by use of single questions or scales, and general questions in basic or instrumental activities of daily living (ADL) indices are frequently used. Other scales or questionnaires about quality of life (such as the SF-36) or activity (such as the Survey of Activity and Fear of Falling Scales (SAFE), or the Groningen Activity Restriction Scale (GARS)) are also used. The varying objectives of the analysed articles explain some of the variations in measures used. Further work is required to reach a consensus on definition and standardized measurement of FoF and its effect on quality of life and activity.
Production of transgenic rabbit embryos through intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Authors: Li Qiuyan , Hou Jian , Wang Sheng , Chen Yongfu , An Xiao-Rong 
Published: July 2010

SummaryThe objective of this study was to test if intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-mediated gene transfer was an effective method in the production of transgenic rabbit embryos. Rabbit sperm diluted in different media with various pH were treated by freezing without cryoprotectant, and their ability for DNA uptake was determined. In these experiments using production of transgenic rabbit embryos by ICSI, exogenous genes at three concentrations and of two conformation types were used. The rate of DNA association to the sperm seen by rhodamine-tagged DNA encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP) was 90.0%, 92.7%, 91.0%, 91.7%, and 92.3%, respectively in TCM199, DM, DPBS, CZB, and HCZB media. The DNA attachment to sperm was not affected by media pH within the range of 5.4–9.4 (p > 0.05). Expression of GFP first occurred at the 2-cell stage and continued to blastocyst formation. DNA concentration (between 5, 10, and 20 ng/μl) or conformation (linear and circular) had no effect on the production rate of transgenic embryos. These results indicated that genetically modified rabbit blastocysts can be efficiently produced by ICSI technique.
Addressing spirituality in CBT
Authors: Waller Rob , Trepka Chris , Collerton Daniel , Hawkins James 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMental health policy places a requirement on clinicians to address matters of religion and belief, yet practice falls far behind. This paper summarizes a Panel Discussion at the 2008 BABCP Annual Conference attended by over 50 people. The five speakers each presented their experience of working with particular faith groups (Orthodox Jewish, Christian, Muslim) and from an agnostic viewpoint. Common themes are given, as well as practical advice to therapists who find themselves working with people who hold strong faith beliefs they may not share.
Dexamethasone enhances ‘CSA’ release and depresses ‘BPA’ release
Authors: Nissen C. , Moser Y. , Speck B. , Bürgin M. , Bendy H. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Dexamethasone 10−7m enhanced the release of granulocyte‐macro‐phage colony stimulating activity (GM‐CSA) by peripheral blood cells from 15 normals. In 16 patients with hypoplastic marrow failure this effect was more prominent, the release of GM‐CSA being increased up to 10‐fold by dexamethasone. Dose‐response curves of patient cell supernatants indicate that dexamethasone acts by abrogation of an inhibitor on CSA‐production.Dexamethasone decreased the release of burst promoting activity (BPA) in all normals and most patients. We conclude that the interaction of glucocorticoid hormones with lymphocyte function results in positive and negative effects on haemopoiesis in vitro. Preliminary experiments in one patient suggest that the steroid effect in vivo correlates with GM‐CSA enhancement in vitro.
Circulating granulocyte and macrophage progenitor cells in primary and secondary myelofibrosis
Authors: Wang Jen C. , Cheung Chi P. , Ahmed Fakhiuddin , Steier William , Tobin Mark S. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Patients with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and myelofibrosis secondary to carcinoma (SMF) were compared with regard to circulating granulocyte macrophage progenitor cells (CFU‐GM) using in vitro tissue culture techniques. Although increased numbers of CFU‐GM had previously been well documented in PMF, few patients with the secondary variety had been studied. Our data indicate that there is an increase in circulating CFU‐GM in patients with SMF but it is significantly lower than in those with PMF.It is suggested that in both conditions disruption of the marrow microvascular system results in a release of CFU‐GM to the circulation. In PMF stem cell colonization of the spleen with its consequent myeloid metaplasia may be responsible for the additional increase in CFU‐GM. The determination of CFU‐GM numbers may provide additional data to help to distinguish PMF and SMF in atypical cases where the distinction is unclear.
Immune disorders in agnogenic myeloid metaplasia: relations to myelofibrosis
Authors: Rondeau E. , Solal‐Celigny P. , Dhermy D. , Vroclans M. , Brousse N. , Bernard J. F. , Boivin P. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Tests for a dysimmune state were done in an unselected group of 67 patients with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM). The results were compared to those of 56 patients with polycythaemia vera (PV). 75% of AMM patients versus 32% of PV patients had various abnormalities. The most frequent disorders among AMM patients were serum antinuclear and anti smooth muscle autoantibodies (10 3% each), a positive test for rheumatoid factor (21 7%), a polyclonal increase in serum immunoglobulin levels (46 8%) or a serum monoclonal component (9 7%), a positive direct Coombs’test (19%), an anti I autoantibody (30%). In AMM patients there was no relationship between age, sex, importance of splenic enlargement, time from diagnosis or treatment and the present of a dysimmunity.Furthermore, in AMM patients, but also in PV patients, it seems that the more frequent and numerous these abnormalities the more severe is the myelofibrosis. Like other previous studies, these results suggest a lymphoid cell involvement in AMM and a role for these immune disorders in the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis.
Monoclonal antibodies against human platelet glycoprotein IIIa
Authors: Tetteroo P. A. T. , Lansdorp P. M. , Leeksma O. C. , Borne A. E. G. Kr. von dem 
Published: July 2010

Summary. Two murine monoclonal antibodies specific for human platelets were prepared and characterized by immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation and by studying their effect on platelet function.Immunoprecipitation with lysates of normal platelets and platelets from a patient with Glanzmann's thrombasthenia revealed that the monoclonal antibodies were directed against glycoprotein GP IIIa.One of these anti‐GP‐IIIa antibodies (C17) inhibited both ADP‐ and collagen‐induced platelet aggregation as well as ADP‐induced fibrinogen binding to platelets. The other anti‐GP‐IIIa antibody (C15) also caused a complete inhibition of aggregation with collagen. However, a small, and fully reversible, ‘primary wave’ was observed if the platelets were stimulated with ADP when platelet‐rich plasma was used. The ability to bind fibrinogen was unimpaired for platelets incubated with C15. These findings show that C15 and C17 probably recognize different determinants on GP IIIa. Neither of the monoclonal anti‐GP‐IIIa antibodies blocked the binding to Zwa‐positive platelets of human polyclonal anti‐Zwa antibodies. This implies that Zwa is different from the epitopes recognized by C15 and C17.
Molecular basis of clinical and morphological heterogeneity in hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) with spectrin αI variants
Authors: Lecomte M. C. , Garbarz M. , Gautero H. , Bournier O. , Galand C. , Boivin P. , Dhermy D. 
Published: July 2010

Summary. The impaired ability of spectrin dimers to self‐associate into tetramers is one of the most frequent defects associated with hereditary elliptocytosis (HE) and its more serious form, hereditary pyropoikylocytosis (HPP). We previously described four proteic variants of the spectrin (Sp) a1 tryptic domain associated with the Sp dimer self‐association defect (Sp α1/78, Sp α1/74, Sp α1/65, Sp α1/46 variants). Following the characterization of proteic variants, genomic molecular defects were identified and most of the mutations appeared to lie either in or near the self‐association site, i.e. in the αI tryptic domain or in the βI tryptic domain.The clinical severity of these different mutations varies considerably and ranges from asymptomatic to severe hae‐molytic disease such as in heterozygous HPP patients and in some homozygous HE patients.Studies of 113 patients from 61 HE families showed a correlation among parameters and showed which factors modulate the clinical expression of the molecular defect. Our analysis indicated that the clinical expression was directly correlated with the severity of the spectrin dimer self‐association defect as evaluated by the increase in the Sp dimmer percentage found in the 4°C extract. A critical threshold of 40–50% of unassembled Sp dimer was determined; above that, patients exhibited severe haemolysis requiring splenec‐tomy. The percentage of Sp dimer depends, in turn, on two factors: (i) the nature of the variant in relation to the position of the mutation versus the tetramerization site: (ii) the relative amount of mutant spectrin present in the membrane (ranging from 15% to 80% in heterozygous patients). As for the severity of haemolysis, the ghost mechanical stability to shear stress, as measured by ektacyometer, was also found to depend on the Sp dimer self‐association defect. In contrast, the decrease in erythrocyte deformability was not related to the amount of unassembled Sp dimer but appeared to be correlated with the amount of mutant spectrin whatever the variant.Concerning erythrocyte morphology and the number of elliptocytes, the Sp α1/65 variant appears to be the most ‘elliptocytogenic’ variant, indicating that erythrocyte shape abnormality is not linked to the Sp dimer self‐association defect.
Impaired high‐shear‐stress‐induced platelet aggregation in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis
Authors: Yoshida Eri , Fujimura Yoshihiro , Ikeda Yasuo , Takeda Ichiroh , Yamamoto Yasuhiro , Nishikawa Kiyoshi , Miyataka Kazuhiko , Oonuki Masahiro , Kawasaki Tomihisa , Katayama Masahiko , Narita Nobuhiro 
Published: July 2010

We investigated shear‐induced platelet aggregation (SIPA) in 30 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing haemodialysis. 26 patients showed a significant decrease in SIPA at high shear stress but no change in SIPA at low shear stress. The former reaction reflects the interaction between plasma von Willebrand factor (vWF) and its platelet receptors, glycoprotein (GP) Ib‐IX and lIb/ IlIa complex, whereas the latter is assumed to involve the binding of plasma fibrinogen to GP IIb/IIIa complex. These SIPA profiles in CRF patients after haemodialysis showed almost no change compared to those before haemodialysis.The ratio of ristocetin cofactor/vWF antigen in plasma was slightly lower in CRF patients than in controls (P<0.01). However, the level of GPIb antigen in the platelets of these patients was significantly reduced (42.1±20‐3% of normal platelets), with partial destruction of GPIb antigen. The number of vWF receptors on the GPIb molecule was quantitated using the GPIb‐binding protein alboaggregin‐B (AL‐B), purified from the snake venom of Trimeresurus albolabris. AL‐B bound to GPIb at a total of 48 760±9944 molecules per normal platelet and a Kd of 85.44±15.70 nM at saturation. In contrast, binding in CRF platelets was 22 980±6395 molecules per platelet and Kd was 50.08±13.83 nM. Taking these results together, we conclude that the impaired SIPA found in CRF patients is due to both abnormalities in plasma vWF and in its platelet GPIb receptor.
Elevated serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid levels of interleukin 8 and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor associated with the acute chest syndrome in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Abboud Miguel R. , Taylor Ellen C. , Habib David , Dantzler‐Johnson Terrie , Jackson Sherron M. , Xu Fushen , Laver Joseph , Ballas Samir K. 
Published: July 2010

The role of cytokines in the development of acute chest syndrome (ACS) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) was studied. Serum interleukin 8 (IL‐8) levels were elevated in 14 episodes and undetectable in six out of 20 episodes of ACS in 19 patients with SCD. In contrast, IL‐8 levels were undetectable in the sera of 29 control patients with SCD studied during routine clinic visits or hospitalization for vaso‐occlusive crises. The differences in mean IL‐8 levels and the proportion of patients with detectable levels between the two groups were highly significant (P < 0·0001 and 0·04 respectively). The mean IL‐8 level in bronchial fluid samples from children with ACS was also significantly higher than that in sickle cell patients undergoing elective surgery (5500 ± 1400 pg/ml vs. 1900 ± 470 pg/ml, P = 0·03). Granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) (2000 ± 1700 pg/ml) was present in five out of six samples of bronchial fluid, but not serum, from children with ACS. All but one of the patients with ACS studied were negative for the Duffy red cell antigen, which is a receptor that binds and inactivates IL‐8 and other chemokines. These findings suggest that IL‐8 and G‐CSF may play a role in the development of the ACS and the complications associated with it.