bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer blood biomarkers: practical guidelines for study design, sample collection, processing, biobanking, measurement and result reporting
Authors: Zeng Xuemei , Chen Yijun , Sehrawat Anuradha , Lee Jihui , Lafferty Tara K. , Kofler Julia , Berman Sarah B. , Sweet Robert A. , Tudorascu Dana L. , Klunk William E. , Ikonomovic Milos D. , Pfister Anna , Zetterberg Henrik , Snitz Beth E. , Cohen Anne D. , Villemagne Victor L. , Pascoal Tharick A. , Kamboh M. llyas , Lopez Oscar I. , Blennow Kaj , Karikari Thomas K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, remains challenging to understand and treat despite decades of research and clinical investigation. This might be partly due to a lack of widely available and cost-effective modalities for diagnosis and prognosis. Recently, the blood-based AD biomarker field has seen significant progress driven by technological advances, mainly improved analytical sensitivity and precision of the assays and measurement platforms. Several blood-based biomarkers have shown high potential for accurately detecting AD pathophysiology. As a result, there has been considerable interest in applying these biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis, as surrogate metrics to investigate the impact of various covariates on AD pathophysiology and to accelerate AD therapeutic trials and monitor treatment effects. However, the lack of standardization of how blood samples and collected, processed, stored analyzed and reported can affect the reproducibility of these biomarker measurements, potentially hindering progress toward their widespread use in clinical and research settings. To help address these issues, we provide fundamental guidelines developed according to recent research findings on the impact of sample handling on blood biomarker measurements. These guidelines cover important considerations including study design, blood collection, blood processing, biobanking, biomarker measurement, and result reporting. Furthermore, the proposed guidelines include best practices for appropriate blood handling procedures for genetic and ribonucleic acid analyses. While we focus on the key blood-based AD biomarkers for the AT(N) criteria (e.g., amyloid-beta [Aβ]40, Aβ42, Aβ42/40 ratio, total-tau, phosphorylated-tau, neurofilament light chain, brain-derived tau and glial fibrillary acidic protein), we anticipate that these guidelines will generally be applicable to other types of blood biomarkers. We also anticipate that these guidelines will assist investigators in planning and executing biomarker research, enabling harmonization of sample handling to improve comparability across studies.
Work-related problems and the psychosocial characteristics of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome: an updated literature review
Authors: Sugaya Nagisa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common, functional gastrointestinal disorder. Because IBS often develops and worsens with stress, it requires treatment from both physical and mental perspectives. Recent years have seen increasing reports of its impact on the daily performance and productivity of workers with IBS, leading to sick leaves and lower quality of life. Therefore, this narrative review aimed to summarize the work and psychosocial characteristics of individuals with IBS.

Main body
Workers with IBS report greater occupational stressors and work productivity impairments, including presenteeism or absenteeism, in addition to suffering from psychological distress, low quality of life, and medical and economic problems, similar to those with IBS in the general population. Anxiety about abdominal symptoms, as well as the severity of IBS, is related to the degree of interference with one’s work. Regarding the association between characteristics of work and IBS, shift work and job demands/discretion have been associated with IBS. Studies on specific occupations have revealed associations between IBS and various occupational stressors in healthcare workers, firefighters, and military personnel. Telecommuting, which has become increasingly popular during the coronavirus disease pandemic, has not found to improve IBS. Moreover, the effectiveness of medication, diet, and a comprehensive self-management program, including cognitive behavioral therapy, in improving the productivity of workers with IBS have been examined.

Conclusion
As mentioned above, the IBS of workers is related not only to their problematic physical and mental health but also to work-related problems; workers with IBS exhibit severe occupational stress factors and work productivity impairment. Further research is required to develop efficient and appropriate interventions for workers.
Efficacy of massage versus massage with post isometric relaxation in temporomandibular disorders: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Tariq Mahnoor , Fatima Kainaat , Khan Shahzada Faiz Ahmad , Mahmood Wajeeha , Mahmood Tahir , Khurshaid Sarma , Khalid Masooma , Khoosa Mehrunisa , Babur Muhammad Naveed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a common condition affecting the masticatory muscles and joint mobility.

Objectives
The primary objective was to compare the effects of massage therapy alone and massage therapy combined with post-isometric relaxation exercises in patients with TMD for pain and maximal mouth opening.

Design
Assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial.

Setting
Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Chaudhry Muhammad Akram Dental Hospital, Lahore Medical and Dental Hospital.

Subjects
Temporomandibular joint disorder patients.

Intervention
Group A (n = 23) received conventional treatment including massage and therapeutic exercises consecutively for 2 weeks. Group B (n = 23) received post-isometric relaxation technique along with conventional treatment for consecutive 2 weeks.

Main measures
The main outcome measures were pain and maximal mouth opening. Pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and maximal mouth opening (MMO) was measured using the TheraBite Scale.

Results
Both groups demonstrated significant improvements in pain and MMO scores post-treatment. However, Group B (massage with post-isometric relaxation exercises) showed significantly better outcomes compared to Group A (massage alone). There was a statistically significant difference in post-treatment pain scores (P = 0.000) and MMO scores (P = 0.000) between the two groups.

Conclusion
The results suggest that massage therapy combined with post-isometric relaxation is more effective than massage therapy alone in managing pain and improving mouth opening in TMD patients. The study provides evidence supporting the use of these therapies in TMD management.

Trial registry number
NCT05810831. Date of registration/First submission: 15 March 2023.
Modeling brain sex in the limbic system as phenotype for female-prevalent mental disorders
Authors: Matte Bon Gloria , Kraft Dominik , Comasco Erika , Derntl Birgit , Kaufmann Tobias 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Sex differences exist in the prevalence and clinical manifestation of several mental disorders, suggesting that sex-specific brain phenotypes may play key roles. Previous research used machine learning models to classify sex from imaging data of the whole brain and studied the association of class probabilities with mental health, potentially overlooking regional specific characteristics.

Methods
We here investigated if a regionally constrained model of brain volumetric imaging data may provide estimates that are more sensitive to mental health than whole brain-based estimates. Given its known role in emotional processing and mood disorders, we focused on the limbic system. Using two different cohorts of healthy subjects, the Human Connectome Project and the Queensland Twin IMaging, we investigated sex differences and heritability of brain volumes of limbic structures compared to non-limbic structures, and subsequently applied regionally constrained machine learning models trained solely on limbic or non-limbic features. To investigate the biological underpinnings of such models, we assessed the heritability of the obtained sex class probability estimates, and we investigated the association with major depression diagnosis in an independent clinical sample. All analyses were performed both with and without controlling for estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV).

Results
Limbic structures show greater sex differences and are more heritable compared to non-limbic structures in both analyses, with and without eTIV control. Consequently, machine learning models performed well at classifying sex based solely on limbic structures and achieved performance as high as those on non-limbic or whole brain data, despite the much smaller number of features in the limbic system. The resulting class probabilities were heritable, suggesting potentially meaningful underlying biological information. Applied to an independent population with major depressive disorder, we found that depression is associated with male–female class probabilities, with largest effects obtained using the limbic model. This association was significant for models not controlling for eTIV whereas in those controlling for eTIV the associations did not pass significance correction.

Conclusions
Overall, our results highlight the potential utility of regionally constrained models of brain sex to better understand the link between sex differences in the brain and mental disorders.
In vivo assessment of safety, biodistribution, and radiation dosimetry of the [18F]Me4FDG PET-radiotracer in adults
Authors: Geist Barbara Katharina , Ramirez Juan Carlos , Binder Patrick , Einspieler Holger , Ibeschitz Harald , Langsteger Werner , Nics Lukas , Rausch Ivo , Diemling Markus , Sohlberg Antti , Hacker Marcus , Rasul Sazan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Approaches targeting the sodium-glucose cotransporter (SGLT) could represent a promising future therapeutic strategy for numerous oncological and metabolic diseases. In this study, we evaluated the safety, biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of the glucose analogue positron emission tomography (PET) agent [18F] labeled alpha-methyl-4-deoxy-4-[18F]fluoro-D-glucopyranoside ([18F]Me4FDG) with high sodium-glucose cotransporter and low glucose transporter (GLUT) affinity. For this purpose, five healthy volunteers (1 man, 4 women) underwent multiple whole-body PET/computed tomography (CT) examinations starting with injection and up to 4 h after injection of averaged (2.4 ± 0.1) MBq/kg (range: 2.3–2.5 MBq/kg) administered activity. The PET/CT scans were conducted in 5 separate sessions, blood pressure and temperature were measured, and blood and urine samples were collected before the scans and one hour after injection to assess toxicity. Measurements of [18F]Me4FDG radioactivity in organs of interest were determined from the PET/CT scans at 5 time points. Internal dosimetry was performed on voxel level using a fast Monte Carlo approach.

Results
All studied volunteers could well tolerate the [18F]Me4FDG and no adverse event was reported. The calculated effective dose was (0.013 ± 0.003) mSv/MBq. The organs with the highest absorbed dose were the kidneys with 0.05 mSv/MBq per kidney. The brain showed almost no uptake. After 60 min, (12 ± 15) % of the administered dose was excreted into the bladder.

Conclusion
Featuring an effective dose of only 0.013 ± 0.003 mSv/MBq and no occurrence of side effects, the glucose analogue [18F]Me4FDG seems to be a safe radio-tracer with a favorable biodistribution for PET imaging and also within several consecutive scans.

Trial registration number
NCT03557138, Registered 22 February 2017, https://ichgcp.net/clinical-trials-registry/NCT03557138.
Porcine lung tissue slices: a culture model for PRCV infection and innate immune response investigations
Authors: Li Shuxian , Lu Yabin , Yang Shanshan , Wang Caiying , Yang Jing , Huang Xin , Chen Guohui , Shao Yongheng , Li Maolin , Yu Haoyuan , Fu Yuguang , Liu Guangliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRespiratory coronaviruses (RCoVs) significantly threaten human health, necessitating the development of an ex vivo respiratory culture system for investigating RCoVs infection. Here, we successfully generated a porcine precision-cut lung slices (PCLSs) culture system, containing all resident lung cell types in their natural arrangement. Next, this culture system was inoculated with a porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV), exhibiting clinical features akin to humans who were infected by SARS-CoV-2. The results demonstrated that PRCV efficiently infected and replicated within PCLSs, targeting ciliated cells in the bronchioles, terminal bronchioles, respiratory bronchioles, and pulmonary alveoli. Additionally, through RNA-Seq analysis of the innate immune response in PCLSs following PRCV infection, expression levels of interferons, inflammatory cytokines and IFN stimulated genes were significantly upregulated. This ex vivo model may not only offer new insights into PRCV infection in the porcine respiratory tract but also serve as a valuable tool for studying human respiratory CoVs infection.
Evaluating the OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 Turbo’s performance in extracting information from scientific articles on diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Gue Celeste Ci Ying , Rahim Noorul Dharajath Abdul , Rojas-Carabali William , Agrawal Rupesh , RK Palvannan , Abisheganaden John , Yip Wan Fen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe aimed to compare the concordance of information extracted and the time taken between a large language model (OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 Turbo via API) against conventional human extraction methods in retrieving information from scientific articles on diabetic retinopathy (DR). The extraction was done using GPT3.5 Turbo as of October 2023. OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 Turbo significantly reduced the time taken for extraction. Concordance was highest at 100% for the extraction of the country of study, 64.7% for significant risk factors of DR, 47.1% for exclusion and inclusion criteria, and lastly 41.2% for odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The concordance levels seemed to indicate the complexity associated with each prompt. This suggests that OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 Turbo may be adopted to extract simple information that is easily located in the text, leaving more complex information to be extracted by the researcher. It is crucial to note that the foundation model is constantly improving significantly with new versions being released quickly. Subsequent work can focus on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), embedding, chunking PDF into useful sections, and prompting to improve the accuracy of extraction.
Online dissemination of Cochrane reviews on digital health technologies: a cross-sectional study
Authors: De Santis Karina Karolina , Kirstein Mathia , Kien Christina , Griebler Ursula , McCrabb Sam , Jahnel Tina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This cross-sectional study investigated the online dissemination of Cochrane reviews on digital health technologies.

Methods
We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception up to May 2023. Cochrane reviews with any population (P), intervention or concept supported by any digital technology (I), any or no comparison (C), and any health outcome (O) were included. Data on review characteristics (bibliographic information, PICO, and evidence quality) and dissemination strategies were extracted and processed. Dissemination was assessed using review information on the Cochrane website and Altmetric data that trace the mentions of academic publications in nonacademic online channels. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analysis.

Results
Out of 170 records identified in the search, 100 Cochrane reviews, published between 2005 and 2023, were included. The reviews focused on consumers (e.g. patients, n = 86), people of any age (n = 44), and clinical populations (n = 68). All reviews addressed interventions or concepts supported by digital technologies with any devices (n = 73), mobile devices (n = 17), or computers (n = 10). The outcomes focused on disease treatment (n = 56), health promotion and disease prevention (n = 27), or management of care delivery (n = 17). All reviews included 1–132 studies, and half included 1–10 studies. Meta-analysis was performed in 69 reviews, and certainty of evidence was rated as high or moderate for at least one outcome in 46 reviews.
In agreement with the Cochrane guidelines, all reviews had a plain language summary (PLS) that was available in 3–14 languages. The reviews were disseminated (i.e. mentioned online) predominantly via X/Twitter (n = 99) and Facebook (n = 69). Overall, 51 reviews were mentioned in up to 25% and 49 reviews in 5% of all research outputs traced by Altmetric data. Dissemination (i.e. higher Altmetric scores) was associated with bibliographic review characteristics (i.e. earlier publication year and PLS available in more languages), but not with evidence quality (i.e. certainty of evidence rating, number of studies, or meta-analysis performed in review).

Conclusions
Online attention towards Cochrane reviews on digital health technologies is high. Dissemination is higher for older reviews and reviews with more PLS translations. Measures are required to improve dissemination of Cochrane reviews based on evidence quality.

Systematic review registration
The study was prospectively registered at the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/mpw8u/).
Retention of people who inject drugs enrolled in a ‘medications for opioid use disorder’ (MOUD) programme in Uganda
Authors: Mudiope Peter , Mutamba Brian Byamah , Komuhangi Liz , Nangendo Joan , Alamo Stella , Mathers Bradley , Makumbi Fredrick , Wanyenze Rhoda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Injection Drug use is associated with increased HIV risk behaviour that may result in the transmission of HIV and poor access to HIV prevention and treatment. In 2020, Uganda introduced the ‘medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) treatment’ for People who inject drugs (PWID). We analysed the 12-month retention and associated factors among PWID enrolled on MOUD treatment in Kampala, Uganda.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 343 PWID with OUD who completed 14 days of methadone induction from September 2020 to July 2022. Retention was defined as the number of individuals still in the programme divided by the total number enrolled, computed at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12 months using lifetable and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses. Cox proportional regression analyses were conducted to assess factors associated with retention in the programme in the first 12 months.

Results
Overall, 243 (71%) of 343 participants stabilized at a methadone dose of 60 mg or more. The majority of participants were males (n = 284, 82.8%), and the median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 31 (26–38) years. Most participants (n = 276, 80.5%) lived 5 km or more away from the MOUD clinic. Thirty (8.8%) were HIV-positive, 52 (15.7%) had a major mental illness and 96 (27.9%) had a history of taking alcohol three months before enrollment. The cumulative retention significantly declined from 83.4% (95%CI = 79.0–87.0) at 3months to 71.9% (95%CI = 67.2–76.6) at 6months, 64% 95%CI = 58.7–68.9) at 9months, and 55.2%; 95% CI (49.8–60.3% at 12months. The 12-month retention was significantly higher for participants on methadone doses of 60 mg or more (adj.HR = 2.1, 95%CI = 1.41–3.22), while participants resident within 5 km of the MOUD clinic were 4.9 times more likely to be retained at 12 months, compared to those residing 5 km or more, (adj. HR = 4.81, 95%CI = 1.54-15). Other factors, including predisposing, need, and enabling factors, were not associated with retention.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates acceptable 12-month retention rates for people who inject drugs, comparable to previous studies done in both developing and developed countries. Sustaining and improving retention may require enhanced scaling up of MOUD dose to an optimal level in the first 14 days and reducing the distance between participant locale and MOUD clinics.
13C-Stable isotope resolved metabolomics uncovers dynamic biochemical landscape of gut microbiome-host organ communications in mice
Authors: Xiao Xia , Zhou Yixuan , Li Xinwei , Jin Jing , Durham Jerika , Ye Zifan , Wang Yipeng , Hennig Bernhard , Deng Pan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Gut microbiome metabolites are important modulators of host health and disease. However, the overall metabolic potential of the gut microbiome and interactions with the host organs have been underexplored.

Results
Using stable isotope resolved metabolomics (SIRM) in mice orally gavaged with 13C-inulin (a tracer), we first observed dynamic enrichment of 13C-metabolites in cecum contents in the amino acids and short-chain fatty acid metabolism pathways. 13C labeled metabolites were subsequently profiled comparatively in plasma, liver, brain, and skeletal muscle collected at 6, 12, and 24 h after the tracer administration. Organ-specific and time-dependent 13C metabolite enrichments were observed. Carbons from the gut microbiome were preferably incorporated into choline metabolism and the glutamine-glutamate/GABA cycle in the liver and brain, respectively. A sex difference in 13C-lactate enrichment was observed in skeletal muscle, which highlights the sex effect on the interplay between gut microbiome and host organs. Choline was identified as an interorgan metabolite derived from the gut microbiome and fed the lipogenesis of phosphatidylcholine and lysophosphatidylcholine in host organs. In vitro and in silico studies revealed the de novo synthesis of choline in the human gut microbiome via the ethanolamine pathway, and Enterococcus faecalis was identified as a major choline synthesis species. These results revealed a previously underappreciated role for gut microorganisms in choline biosynthesis.

Conclusions
Multicompartmental SIRM analyses provided new insights into the current understanding of dynamic interorgan metabolite transport between the gut microbiome and host at the whole-body level in mice. Moreover, this study singled out microbiota-derived metabolites that are potentially involved in the gut-liver, gut-brain, and gut-skeletal muscle axes.