bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antitumor efficacy and potential mechanism of FAP-targeted radioligand therapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Zhao Liang , Pang Yizhen , Zhou Yangfan , Chen Jianhao , Fu Hao , Guo Wei , Xu Weizhi , Xue Xin , Su Guoqiang , Sun Long , Wu Hua , Zhang Jingjing , Wang Zhanxiang , Lin Qin , Chen Xiaoyuan , Chen Haojun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRadiotherapy combined with immune checkpoint blockade holds great promise for synergistic antitumor efficacy. Targeted radionuclide therapy delivers radiation directly to tumor sites. LNC1004 is a fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting radiopharmaceutical, conjugated with the albumin binder Evans Blue, which has demonstrated enhanced tumor uptake and retention in previous preclinical and clinical studies. Herein, we demonstrate that 68Ga/177Lu-labeled LNC1004 exhibits increased uptake and prolonged retention in MC38/NIH3T3-FAP and CT26/NIH3T3-FAP tumor xenografts. Radionuclide therapy with 177Lu-LNC1004 induced a transient upregulation of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells. The combination of 177Lu-LNC1004 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapy led to complete eradication of all tumors in MC38/NIH3T3-FAP tumor-bearing mice, with mice showing 100% tumor rejection upon rechallenge. Immunohistochemistry, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), and TCR sequencing revealed that combination therapy reprogrammed the tumor microenvironment in mice to foster antitumor immunity by suppressing malignant progression and increasing cell-to-cell communication, CD8+ T-cell activation and expansion, M1 macrophage counts, antitumor activity of neutrophils, and T-cell receptor diversity. A preliminary clinical study demonstrated that 177Lu-LNC1004 was well-tolerated and effective in patients with refractory cancers. Further, scRNA-seq of peripheral blood mononuclear cells underscored the importance of addressing immune evasion through immune checkpoint blockade treatment. This was emphasized by the observed increase in antigen processing and presentation juxtaposed with T cell inactivation. In conclusion, our data supported the efficacy of immunotherapy combined with 177Lu-LNC1004 for cancer patients with FAP-positive tumors.
Trastuzumab deruxtecan versus trastuzumab emtansine in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer: long-term survival analysis of the DESTINY-Breast03 trial
Authors: Cortés Javier , Hurvitz Sara A. , Im Seock-Ah , Iwata Hiroji , Curigliano Giuseppe , Kim Sung-Bae , Chiu Joanne W. Y. , Pedrini Jose L. , Li Wei , Yonemori Kan , Bianchini Giampaolo , Loi Sherene , Borges Giuliano S. , Wang Xian , Bachelot Thomas , Nakatani Shunsuke , Ashfaque Shahid , Liang Zhengkang , Egorov Anton , Hamilton Erika 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTrastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) demonstrated significantly improved efficacy over trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) in DESTINY-Breast03 (median follow-up, 28 months). We report updated efficacy and safety analyses, including secondary and exploratory efficacy endpoints (median follow-up, 41 months) of DESTINY-Breast03. Patients with advanced HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer previously treated with taxane and trastuzumab were randomized to T-DXd (5.4 mg per kg (261 patients)) or T-DM1 (3.6 mg per kg (263 patients)). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) by blinded independent central review and was previously reported. The key secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Other secondary endpoints included objective response rate, duration of response and PFS (all by investigator assessment) and safety. At data cutoff, 20 November 2023, median PFS by investigator assessment was 29.0 versus 7.2 months (hazard ratio (HR), 0.30; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.24–0.38), the 36-month PFS rate was 45.7% versus 12.4% and median OS was 52.6 versus 42.7 months (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.56–0.94) with T-DXd versus T-DM1, respectively. Treatment-emergent adverse events were consistent with the previous analyses. No new instances of grade ≥3 interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis occurred (all grade rate, 16.7% (T-DXd) versus 3.4% (T-DM1)). With longer follow-up, T-DXd continued to demonstrate superior efficacy over T-DM1 with a manageable safety profile. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03529110.
Cell-free DNA for the detection of kidney allograft rejection
Authors: Aubert Olivier , Ursule-Dufait Cindy , Brousse Romain , Gueguen Juliette , Racapé Maud , Raynaud Marc , Van Loon Elisabet , Pagliazzi Angelica , Huang Edmund , Jordan Stanley C. , Chavin Kenneth D. , Gupta Gaurav , Kumar Dhiren , Alhamad Tarek , Anand Sanjiv , Sanchez-Garcia Jorge , Abdalla Basmah A. , Hogan Julien , Garro Rouba , Dadhania Darshana M. , Jain Pranjal , Mandelbrot Didier A. , Naesens Maarten , Dandamudi Raja , Dharnidharka Vikas R. , Anglicheau Dany , Lefaucheur Carmen , Loupy Alexandre 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDonor-derived cell-free DNA (dd-cfDNA) is an emerging noninvasive biomarker that has the potential to detect allograft injury. The capacity of dd-cfDNA to detect kidney allograft rejection and its added clinical value beyond standard of care patient monitoring is unclear. We enrolled 2,882 kidney allograft recipients from 14 transplantation centers in Europe and the United States in an observational population-based study. The primary analysis included 1,134 patients. Donor-derived cell-free DNA levels strongly correlated with allograft rejection, including antibody-mediated rejection (P < 0.0001), T cell-mediated rejection (P < 0.0001) and mixed rejection (P < 0.0001). In multivariable analysis, circulating dd-cfDNA was significantly associated with allograft rejection (odds ratio 2.275; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.902–2.739; P < 0.0001) independently of standard of care patient monitoring parameters. The inclusion of dd-cfDNA to a standard of care prediction model showed improved discrimination (area under the curve 0.777 (95% CI 0.741–0.811) to 0.821 (95% CI 0.784–0.852); P = 0.0011) and calibration. These results were confirmed in the external validation cohorts (n = 1,748) including a cohort of African American patients (n = 439). Finally, dd-cfDNA showed high predictive value to detect subclinical rejection in stable patients. Our study provides insights on the potential value of assessing dd-cfDNA, in addition to standard of care monitoring, to improve the detection of allograft rejection. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT05995379.
Minimally invasive bleb surgery versus minimally invasive glaucoma surgery: a 12-month retrospective study
Authors: Konopińska Joanna , Gołaszewska Kinga , Saeed Emil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to compare the IOP-lowering effectiveness and safety of standalone Preserflo MicroShunt and iStent 1st generation implantation combined with phacoemulsification in Caucasian patients with a 12-month follow-up period. This retrospective study analyzed the medical histories of patients undergoing antiglaucoma surgery at the Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of Bialystok, between January 2019 and January 2022. The main outcome measures were success rates (complete: proportion of eyes with IOP < 18 mmHg (criterion A) and < 15 mmHg (criterion B) or 20% reduction in IOP without any glaucoma medication; qualified: proportion of eyes achieving IOPs < 18 mmHg and < 15 mmHg or 20% reduction in IOP from baseline with or without medications), mean reduction (%) in IOP, medication burden, number of complications and additional interventions. In both groups, a significant decrease in IOP and medication burden were observed at 6 and 12 months when compared with baseline. At 12 months, qualified surgical success in criterion A was recorded in 67.4% and 85.7% of patients in the Preserfo and iStent groups, respectively (p = 0.045). Complete surgical success in criterion B at 12 months accounted to 61.4% of patients from Prserflo group and 32.7% patients in iStent group (p = 0.04). Surgical failure at 12 months was documented in 30.2% and 6.3% of patients, respectively (p = 0.003). There was a significant difference between groups in %IOP reduction after 12 months. Greater reduction was observed in Preserflo group, MD = − 8.41 CI95 [− 15.88; − 0.95], p = 0.028, (− 33.49% ± 21.59 vs − 25.07% ± 14.15 in iStent group). Both procedures effectively reduced IOP and postoperative use of antiglaucoma medications in glaucoma patients.
Pictorial depiction on controlling crowd in smart conurbations using Internet of Things with switching algorithms
Authors: Manoharan Hariprasath , Khalaf Osamah Ibrahim , Algburi Sameer , Hamam Habib 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe proliferation of smart conurbations entails an efficient system design for managing all the crowds in public places. Multitude controlling procedures are carried out for controlling compact areas where more number of peoples is present at several groups. Therefore for controlling purpose the proposed method aims to design a pictorial representation using Internet of Things (IoT). The process is carried out by taking images and then organizing it using switching techniques in the presence of square boxes where entire populace is identified on real time experimentations. For processing and controlling the occurrence a separate architecture is designed with analytical equivalences where all data set is stored in cloud platform. Further the incorporation of system model is carried out using Switching Based Algorithm (SBA) which adds more number of columns even for high population cases. In order to verify the effectiveness of proposed model five scenarios are considered with performance evaluation metrics for SBA and all the test results provides best optimal results. Moreover the projected model is improved with an average percentage of 83 as compared to existing models.
Effective of different industrial disinfection in subzero cold-chain environment
Authors: Ren Zhe , Han Jie , Zhang Xue , Yan Zheng , Wei QiuHua 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEffective disinfection methods are crucial in the cold chain transportation process of food due to the specificity of temperature and the diversity of contaminated flora. The objective of this study was to investigate the sanitizing effect of different disinfectants on various fungi at – 20 °C to achieve accurate disinfection of diverse bacterial populations. Peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium bisulfate were selected as low-temperature disinfectants and were combined with antifreeze. The sanitizing effect of these cryogenic disinfectants on pathogens such as Bacillus subtilis black variant spores (ATCC9372), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Candida albicans (ATCC 10231), Escherichia coli (8099), and poliovirus (PV-1) was sequentially verified by bactericidal and virus inactivation experiments. After a specified time of disinfection, a neutralizing agent was used to halt the sanitizing process. The study demonstrates that different disinfectants exhibit selective effects during the low-temperature disinfection process. Peracetic acid, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium monopersulfate are suitable for the low-temperature environmental disinfection of bacterial propagules, viruses, and fungal contaminants. However, for microorganisms with strong resistance to spores, a low-temperature disinfectant based on peracetic acid should be chosen for effective disinfection treatment. Our results provide a valuable reference for selecting appropriate disinfectants to sanitize various potential pathogens in the future.
Advantages of pooling of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells from different donors versus single-donor MSCs
Authors: Kannan Suresh , Gokul Krishna S. , Gupta Pawan Kumar , Kolkundkar Uday Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from adult bone marrow are the most commonly used cells in clinical trials. MSCs from single donors are the preferred starting material but suffer from a major setback of being heterogeneous that results in unpredictable and inconsistent clinical outcomes. To overcome this, we developed a method of pooling MSCs from different donors and created cell banks to cater clinical needs. Initially, the master cell banks (MCBs) were created at passage 1 (P1) from the bone marrow MSCs isolated from of nine different donors. At this stage, MCBs from three different donors were mixed in equal proportion and expanded till P3 to create working cell banks. Further, the pooled cells and individual donor MSCs were expanded till P5 and cryopreserved and extensively characterised. There was a large heterogeneity among the individual donor MSCs in terms of growth kinetics (90% Coefficient of variation (CV) for cell yield and 44% CV for population doubling time at P5), immunosuppressive ability (30% CV at 1:1 and 300% CV at 1:10 ratio), and the angiogenic factor secretion potential (20% CV for VEGF and71% CV for SDF-1). Comparatively, the pooled cells have more stable profiles (60% CV for cell yield and 7% CV for population doubling time at P5) and exhibit better immunosuppressive ability (15% CV at 1:1 and 32% CV at 1:10 ratio ) and consistent secretion of angiogenic factors (16% CV for VEGF and 51% CV for SDF-1). Further pooling does not compromise the trilineage differentiation capacity or phenotypic marker expression of the MSCs. The senescence and in vitro tumourigenicity characteristics of the pooled cells are also similar to those of individual donor MSCs. We conclude that pooling of MSCs from three different donors reduces heterogeneity among individual donors and produces MSCs with a consistent secretion and higher immunosuppressive profile.
Point prevalence of evidence-based antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Boltena Minyahil Tadesse , Wolde Mirkuzie , Hailu Belachew , El-Khatib Ziad , Steck Veronika , Woldegerima Selam , Siraneh Yibeltal , Morankar Sudhakar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractExcessive and improper use of antibiotics causes antimicrobial resistance which is a major threat to global health security. Hospitals in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest prevalence of antibiotic use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled point prevalence (PPP) of evidence-based antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients in SSA. Literature was retrieved from CINAHL, EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 17. Forest plots using the random-effect model were used to present the findings. The heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed using the I2 statistics and Egger’s test. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO with code CRD42023404075. The review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. A total of 26, 272 study participants reported by twenty-eight studies published from 10 countries in SSA were included. The pooled point prevalence of antimicrobial use in SSA were 64%. The pooled estimate of hospital wards with the highest antibiotic use were intensive care unit (89%). The pooled prevalence of the most common clinical indication for antibiotic use were community acquired infection (41%). The pooled point prevalence of antimicrobial use among hospitalized patients were higher in SSA. Higher use of antibiotics was recorded in intensive care units. Community acquired infection were most common clinical case among hospitalized patients. Health systems in SSA must design innovative digital health interventions to optimize clinicians adhere to evidence-based prescribing guidelines and improve antimicrobial stewardship.
Current spectral norm and phase variation based fault region identification for active distribution network
Authors: Chen Jie , Li Yong , Zeng Rong , Liu Junle , Chen An , Hou Liang , Zhao Long , Shahidehpour Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper presents a fault region identification method for the active distribution network (ADN) with limited PMU. First, PMU configuration and region division strategies are proposed based on the network topology. Next, the difference in three-phase current variations between the normal and fault regions of the ADN is analyzed. A multi-dimensional state monitoring matrix is built using the measured current data. The spectral norm ratio coefficient is constructed based on the 2-norm to lower the complexity of the multi-dimensional state monitoring matrix and quantify the difference in state changes before and after the fault occurs in each region. Then, the fault region is identified by combining each region’s spectral norm ratio coefficient and the change of the current phase. Finally, an IEEE 33-node simulation model is created to simulate faults under different working conditions. According to the simulation results, the suggested approach is less impacted by fault type, neutral point grounding mode, and transition resistance. Furthermore, even if the communication does not match the rigorous synchronization requirements, the proposed method can still complete the fault identification of the distribution network correctly and has high robustness.
Accumulation and translocation of lead in vegetables through intensive use of organic manure and mineral fertilizers with wastewater
Authors: Amjad Mehwish , Khan Zafar Iqbal , Nadeem Muhammad , Ahmad Kafeel , Shah Anis Ali , Gatasheh Mansour K. , Shaffique Shifa , Abbas Toqeer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn many countries with wastewater irrigation and intensive use of fertilizers (minerals and organics), heavy metal deposition by crops is regarded as a major environmental concern. A study was conducted to determine the impact of mineral fertilizers, cow manure, poultry manure, leaf litter, and sugarcane bagasse on soil’s trace Pb content and edible parts of vegetables. It also evaluated the risk of lead (Pb) contamination in water, soil, and food crops. Six vegetables (Daucus carota, Brassica oleracea, Pisum sativum, Solanum tuberosum, Raphanus sativus, and Spinacia oleracea) were grown in the field under twelve treatments with different nutrient and water inputs. The lead concentrations in soil, vegetables for all treatments and water samples ranged from 1.038–10.478, 0.09346–9.0639 mg/kg and 0.036–0.26448 mg/L, The concentration of lead in soil treated with wastewater in treatment (T6) and vegetable samples was significantly higher, exceeding the WHO’s permitted limit. Mineral and organic fertilizers combined with wastewater treatment reduced lead (Pb) concentrations in vegetables compared to wastewater application without organic fertilizers. Health risk indexes for all treatments except wastewater treatment (T6) were less than one. Pb concentrations in mineral fertilizers, cow manure, poultry manure, leaf litter, and sugarcane bagasse treated were determined to pose no possible risk to consumers.
Individual and team profiling to support theory of mind in artificial social intelligence
Authors: Bendell Rhyse , Williams Jessica , Fiore Stephen M. , Jentsch Florian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe describe an approach aimed at helping artificial intelligence develop theory of mind of their human teammates to support team interactions. We show how this can be supported through the provision of quantifiable, machine-readable, a priori information about the human team members to an agent. We first show how our profiling approach can capture individual team member characteristic profiles that can be constructed from sparse data and provided to agents to support the development of artificial theory of mind. We then show how it captures features of team composition that may influence team performance. We document this through an experiment examining factors influencing the performance of ad-hoc teams executing a complex team coordination task when paired with an artificial social intelligence (ASI) teammate. We report the relationship between the individual and team characteristics and measures related to task performance and self-reported perceptions of the ASI. The results show that individual and emergent team profiles were able to characterize features of the team that predicted behavior and explain differences in perceptions of ASI. Further, the features of these profiles may interact differently when teams work with human versus ASI advisors. Most strikingly, our analyses showed that ASI advisors had a strong positive impact on low potential teams such that they improved the performance of those teams across mission outcome measures. We discuss these findings in the context of developing intelligent technologies capable of social cognition and engage in collaborative behaviors that improve team effectiveness.
Constructing and validating a predictive nomogram for osteoporosis risk among Chinese single-center male population using the systemic immune-inflammation index
Authors: Zhuo Hang , Zhou Zelin , Chen Xingda , Song Zefeng , Shang Qi , Huang Hongwei , Xiao Yun , Wang Xiaowen , Chen Honglin , Yan Xianwei , Zhang Peng , Gong Yan , Liu Huiwen , Liu Yu , Wu Zixian , Liang De , Ren Hui , Jiang Xiaobing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOsteoporosis (OP) is a bone metabolism disease that is associated with inflammatory pathological mechanism. Nonetheless, rare studies have investigated the diagnostic effectiveness of immune-inflammation index in the male population. Therefore, it is interesting to achieve early diagnosis of OP in male population based on the inflammatory makers from blood routine examination. We developed a prediction model based on a training dataset of 826 Chinese male patients through a retrospective study, and the data was collected from January 2022 to May 2023. All participants underwent the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXEA) and blood routine examination. Inflammatory markers such as systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was calculated and recorded. We utilized the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression model to optimize feature selection. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to construct a predicting model incorporating the feature selected in the LASSO model. This predictive model was displayed as a nomogram. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, C-index, calibration curve, and clinical decision curve analysis (DCA) to evaluate model performance. Internal validation was test by the bootstrapping method. This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Ethic No. JY2023012) and conducted in accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations. The predictive factors included in the prediction model were age, BMI, cardiovascular diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, neuropathy, thyroid diseases, fracture history, SII, PLR, C-reactive protein (CRP). The model displayed well discrimination with a C-index of 0.822 (95% confidence interval: 0.798–0.846) and good calibration. Internal validation showed a high C-index value of 0.805. Decision curve analysis (DCA) showed that when the threshold probability was between 3 and 76%, the nomogram had a good clinical value. This nomogram can effectively predict the incidence of OP in male population based on SII and PLR, which would help clinicians rapidly and conveniently diagnose OP with men in the future.