bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibrotic reaction to hyaluronic acid fillers in the face
Authors: Peros Ioannis , Haneke Eckart 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHyaluronic acids (HAs) can have very different actions not only depending on injector and host factors but also depending on their molecular weight. Whereas short chain HA has immunological activity long chain HA influences fibroblasts and may stimulate them to produce collagen. Although this is generally thought to be a positive feature it may be disadvantageous in certain localizations.Patients and MethodsWe have encountered 23 patients who developed fibrous tissue next to the nasolabial folds accentuating them and becoming very obvious while smiling. Hyaluronidase injection did not reduce this mass.ResultsIntralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection led to rapid improvement.DiscussionFibrotic tissue reaction not responding to hyaluronidase may be the result of HA injection and can effectively be treated with intralesional steroid injection
Evaluation of the clinical efficacy of ultra‐fast track anesthesia for endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy of palmar hyperhidrosis
Authors: Zhang Wenqing , Lin Jinglian , Zhao Huijuan , Chen Xuhang , Lin Zhijian , Lin Jian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, we investigated the safety and practicability of ultra‐fast track anesthesia (UFTA) for endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS).MethodsA total of 72 patients with palmar hyperhidrosis undergoing ETS were randomly divided into three groups: the UFTA group (group I), the group undergoing single‐lumen tracheal intubation with local infiltration anesthesia technique (group II), and the group undergoing single‐lumen tracheal intubation with routine anesthesia (group III). Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded for all three groups at the following six time points: Before anesthetics administration (T0), the time of intubating or inserting laryngeal mask airway (T1), the time of incising skin (T2), the time of disconnecting of the right sympathetic nerve (T3), the time of disconnecting of the left sympathetic nerve (T4), the time of withdrawing the tracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway (T5), and the time of transferring the patient to a post‐anesthesia care unit (PACU) (T6). The three groups were compared from the following perspectives: surgery duration; anesthesia recovery duration, that is, the duration from discontinuation of anesthesia to extubating the tracheal tube; the dose of propofol and remifentanil per kilogram body mass per unit time interval (the time at the end of the procedure, which lasted from anesthesia induction to incision suturing); and the visual analog scale (VAS) in the resting state in the PACU.ResultsBased on pairwise comparisons, the average HR and average MAP values of the three groups differed significantly from T2 to T6 (p < 0.05). As demonstrated by the correlation analysis between remifentanil and propofol with HR and MAP, the doses of the total amount of remifentanil and propofol were lower, and group I used less remifentanil and propofol than group II. No patient in group I experienced throat discomfort following surgery. Patients in groups II and III experienced a range of postoperative discomfort. The VAS scores of groups I and II were significantly lower than those of group III, with group I lower than group II.ConclusionWhen utilized in ETS, UFTA can provide effective anesthesia for minor traumas. It is safe, effective, and consistent with the enhanced recovery philosophy of fast‐track surgery departments.
Use of Portable Air Cleaners in Washington State Schools: A Qualitative Analysis Based on the Technology Acceptance Model
Authors: Carmona Nancy , Seto Edmund , Hayward Lisa , Tan Shirlee , Lee Sinang , Kemperman Brandon , Truong Jenna , Austin Elena 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe US government allocated over $2.5 billion in “Elementary and Secondary School Emergency Relief (ESSER)” funds to Washington State for COVID‐19 response and ventilation improvements. Despite available funding, gaps persist in supporting schools to successfully use portable air cleaners (PACs). We evaluated PAC needs within King County, Washington and characterized factors influencing schools' purchase and use of PACs.METHODSPublic Health—Seattle & King County (PHSKC) assessed school's ventilation systems and IAQ improvements through a survey (N = 17). Separately, semi‐structured interviews (N = 13) based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) were conducted with school personnel. A thematic analysis using inductive and deductive coding was conducted and logistic regression models assessed the predictive capability of the TAM.RESULTSThe PHSKC survey findings informed our recommendations. Positive attitudes, knowledge, and beliefs in ease of use and effectiveness of PACs were facilitators to PAC use. While barriers included a lack of training, education, and concerns about PAC maintenance and sustainability. TAM constructs of perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) were predictive of having the intention to use PACs in schools.CONCLUSIONSThere is a critical need for solutions to circumvent challenges to implementing PACs in schools. This characterization provides insight for promoting PAC use in IAQ‐impacted schools.
The judicial superego: Implicit egoism, internalized racism, and prejudice in three million sentencing decisions
Authors: Chen Daniel L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractI document implicit egoism across 3 million sentencing decisions. In administrative data from the U.S. New Orleans District Attorney's office for 1988–1999 and Chile for 2014–2019, sentences are 8% longer and 2% longer, respectively, when the judge and defendant's first initials match. Name letter effects measure implicit self‐esteem. Faced with ego threat, high self‐esteem individuals punish negatively valenced targets as self‐regulation. In New Orleans, effects are larger for Black defendants labeled by police as “N” rather than “B.” Consistent with recent theoretical models, Black–White sentence differences double for egoist judges, and this effect is especially pronounced among Black judges.
A mineralogical and isotopic study of the historic monomict eucrite Padvarninkai
Authors: Barrett T. J. , King A. J. , Degli‐Alessandrini G. , Hammond S. J. , Humphreys‐Williams E. , Schmidt B. , Greenwood R. C. , Abernethy F. A. J. , Anand M. , Rudnickaitė E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Padvarninkai meteorite is a relatively understudied eucrite, initially misclassified as a shergottite given its strong shock characteristics. In this study, a comprehensive examination of the petrology; mineral composition; major, minor, and trace element abundances; and isotopic composition (C, O) is presented. Padvarninkai is a monomict eucrite consisting of a fine to coarse‐grained lithology and impact melt veins. Pyroxene grains are typically severely fractured and mosaicked whilst plagioclase is either partially or totally converted to maskelynite. Based on shock features observed in pyroxene, plagioclase, and apatite, Padvarninkai can be given a shock classification of M‐S4/5. Despite the high shock experienced by this sample, some of the original igneous textures remain. Compositionally, Padvarninkai is a main group eucrite with a flat REE pattern (~10–12 × CI) and elevated Ni abundances. Whilst both new and literature oxygen isotopes are similar to other eucrites, however, Padvarninkai displays an anomalously high δ13C value. To reconcile the high Ni and δ13C value, impact contamination modeling was conducted. These models could not reconcile both the high Ni and δ13C value with the eucritic δ18O values, arguing against impact as a source for these anomalies.
Reliability study for the Japanese version of the Columbia Muscle Cramp Scale in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Sawada Masahiro , Hirayama Takehisa , Yanagihashi Masaru , Fukushima Koji , Izumi Yuishin , Naoi Tameto , Morita Mitsuya , Warita Hitoshi , Aoki Masashi , Iguchi Yohei , Katsuno Masahisa , Ogawa Nobuhiro , Urusitani Makoto , Ishihara Tomohiko , Onodera Osamu , Murakami Yoshitaka , Mitsumoto Hiroshi , Kano Osamu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe Columbia Muscle Cramp Scale (CMCS) is a useful tool for evaluating muscle cramps commonly observed in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The CMCS comprises five subdomains: triggering factors, frequency, location, severity, and the degree to which cramps affect overall daily living.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the reliability of the CMCS, which was translated into Japanese.MethodsThirty patients with ALS (17 men and 13 women) from seven facilities were evaluated twice by two different evaluators (doctors, nurses, physical therapists, occupational therapists, and speech‐language‐hearing therapists). The degree of inter‐ and intra‐rater agreement was evaluated using kappa statistics. Weighted kappa statistics and 95% confidence intervals accounted for multiple‐order responses.ResultsThe average age was 60.4 (standard deviation: 10.4, range: 39–77) years. The kappa statistics for the inter‐rater reliability of the CMCS items showed moderate to very good agreement, ranging from 0.56 (cramp triggering) to 0.91 (daily activity) at visit 1 and 0.51 (severity) to 0.96 (daily activity) at visit 2. The kappa statistics for the intra‐rater reliability of the CMCS items also showed moderate to good agreement, ranging from 0.45 (frequency) to 0.79 (cramp triggering).ConclusionThe Japanese version of the CMCS demonstrated intra‐ and inter‐rater reliability agreement and is expected to be useful for evaluating muscle cramps in patients with ALS.
AN ARCHAEOLOGY OF BODY TRACES: FINDING EVERYDAY HANDS FROM MINOAN CRETE
Authors: Simandiraki‐Grimshaw Anna 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe traces of marks left by human bodies on surviving archaeological artefacts can be a rich and informative source for understanding everyday individuals and their practices in the past. Nevertheless, such traces have tended to be neglected or generalized in archaeology, in favour of elite artefacts and manufacturing statistics – or in pursuit of ‘clean’, forensically amenable evidence, e.g. dry fingerprints. Using two case studies from Bronze Age Crete, this paper calls for an attitudinal, as much as a methodological, shift in how we exploit the remnants of gestural preferences, limitations and mistakes which we have hitherto chosen to dismiss. I argue that, if we want to understand nameless individuals of past societies, we need to overcome our implicit aversion to the mundane and everyday and to find new ways of exploring the ‘messy’, inconvenient, but also abundant fleeting moments of bodies no longer extant.
Potential sites of transgression in Michael Crummey's The Innocents: Questioning theoretical and ethical boundaries
Authors: Feldman‐Kolodziejuk Ewelina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe article offers a reading of Michael Crummey's The Innocents (2019) through the lens of potential transgressions, such as the crossing of moral boundaries, cultural appropriation, or the secondary colonization of the Indigene. It argues the validity of reading Canadian invader–settler stories in the light of postcolonial studies and discusses the hazards of literary representation of First Nations in historical fiction produced by non‐Native writers. Secondly, the critical analysis focuses on the subversive rewriting of the biblical tale of Adam and Eve as Crummey's strategy for negotiating his (island's) settler identity. Finally, the chapter problematizes the incestuous nature of Ada and Evered's relationship as a potential though highly disputable transgression.
Total Hip Arthroplasty Combined with Proximal Femoral Reconstruction Effectively Treats Severe Hip Deformities: A Novel Osteotomy Technique
Authors: Shen Xianyue , Zhang Rongwei , Mei Jiawei , Zhang Xianzuo , Huang Wei , Zhu Chen 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) combined with proximal femoral reconstruction is a novel osteotomy technique developed to address severe hip deformities. There is a paucity of robust clinical and radiological evidence regarding the outcomes of this novel osteotomy technique. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcomes of THA combined with proximal femoral reconstruction during the early follow‐up.MethodsThis is a retrospective case series of 63 hips who underwent THA combined with proximal femoral reconstruction at a single institution between January 2020 and July 2023. The mean age of patients was 39.6 ± 12.6 years. The mean follow‐up was 25.6 ± 3.8 months. Surgical characteristics and perioperative variables were evaluated to assess the efficacy of this technique. Harris hip score (HHS) was utilized to evaluate hip function. Leg length discrepancy (LLD) was evaluated in X‐ray. The incidence of major adverse events including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), osteolysis, nonunion of the osteotomy, intraoperative femoral fracture, and infection was also evaluated. Paired‐samples t‐test was used to compare preoperative and postoperative HHS and LLD.ResultsThe mean operative time was 125.1 min. The mean size of the acetabular components used was 45.2 mm, and the stem size was 7.5. The primary friction interface was ceramic‐on‐ceramic, accounting for 92.1% of cases. The average length of hospital stay was 8.5 days. The mean cost of treatment was 46,296.0 Yuan. There was a significant improvement in postoperative HHS (p < 0.001) and LLD (p < 0.001) compared to preoperative values. The incidence of deep venous thrombosis was 4.8%; osteolysis rates for the cup and stem were 4.8% and 6.4%, respectively. The non‐union and dislocation rates were 1.6% and 3.2%, respectively. There was no incidence of postoperative infection.ConclusionThe novel osteotomy surgical procedure yields reliable and impressive clinical and radiological outcomes, with minimal complications. We advocate for its use in complex primary THA cases involving severe proximal femoral deformities.
Rhizobacterial Bacillus enrichment in soil enhances smoke tree resistance to Verticillium wilt
Authors: Guo Ruifeng , Li Bimeng , Zhao Yize , Tang Chen , Klosterman Steven J. , Wang Yonglin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVerticillium wilt, caused by the soilborne fungus Verticillium dahliae, poses a serious threat to the health of more than 200 plant species worldwide. Although plant rhizosphere‐associated microbiota can influence plant resistance to V. dahliae, empirical evidence underlying Verticillium wilt resistance of perennial trees is scarce. In this study, we systemically investigated the effect of the soil microbiota on the resistance of smoke trees (Cotinus coggygria) to Verticillium wilt using field, greenhouse and laboratory experiments. Comparative analysis of the soil microbiota in the two stands of smoke trees suggested that Bacillus represented the most abundant and key microbial genus related to potential disease suppression. Smoke tree seedlings were inoculated with isolated Bacillus strains, which exhibited disease suppressiveness and plant growth‐promoting properties. Furthermore, repletion of Bacillus agents to disease conducive soil significantly resulted in reduced incidence of smoke tree wilt and increased resistance of the soil microbiota to V. dahliae. Finally, we explored a more effective combination of Bacillus agents with the fungicide propiconazole to combat Verticillium wilt. The results establish a foundation for the development of an effective control for this disease. Overall, this work provides a direct link between Bacillus enrichment and disease resistance of smoke trees, facilitating the development of green control strategies and measurements of soil‐borne diseases.
Preservation of fat mass at the expense of lean mass in children with end‐stage chronic liver disease
Authors: Jayaprakash Kavitha , Wells Jonathan C. K. , Rajwal Sanjay , Mushtaq Talat , Kyrana Eirini 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia predicts morbidity and mortality in end‐stage chronic liver disease (ESCLD). Here, we describe changes in body composition in children with ESCLD before and after liver transplantation (LT).MethodsRetrospective analysis of whole body DXA scans performed before and after LT over 4 years. Appendicular and whole‐body fat mass and lean mass were expressed as fat mass (FMI) and lean mass (LMI) index z‐scores. Sarcopenia was defined as leg LMI z‐score <−1.96.ResultsEighty‐three DXA scans of children before or after LT were studied. Sarcopenia had a positive correlation with weight (0.8, p < .01), height (0.48, p < .05), and BMI z‐score (0.77, p < .01), as well as arm, trunk, and total mean mass indices. It correlated negatively with indices of hypersplenism: PLTs (−0.57, p < .01), Neu (−0.50, p < .05), WCC (−0.44, p < .05), and days to discharge (−0.46, p < .05). At baseline: 13/25 (52%) children were sarcopenic and stayed in the hospital after LT for longer. Eight were stunted with a higher WCC and Ne/Ly ratio. All had normal FM indices. One year after LT, 12/26 children remained sarcopenic. Seven were stunted. Two years after LT, 5/15 were sarcopenic, and 5 were stunted. Three years after LT, 1/10 was sarcopenic, and 2 were stunted. By 4 years after LT, 1/7 was sarcopenic, and the same one was stunted. FM indices remained normal.ConclusionsSarcopenic patients stayed longer in the hospital after LT. Lean mass indices were mostly within the normal range by 4 years after LT. 32% of children were stunted, and markers of inflammation were correlated with stunting. Fat mass was preserved at the cost of lean mass.
Severe Food Protein‐Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Pediatric Case Report
Authors: Alonso García Laura , Romero Melissa Panesso , Macías Elena García , Cantón Oscar Segarra , Rubio Cristina Diaz de Heredia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundFood protein‐induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is a non–IgE‐mediated food allergy. In the last few years, after the publication of the consensus guidelines, with refined diagnostic criteria and improved awareness, FPIES is diagnosed with increased frequency. However, despite having a background of immune dysregulation, this complication has just been described once in the posttransplant setting, in an adult patient. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports of pediatric patients developing FPIES after a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT).MethodsRetrospective review of a pediatric patient who developed severe FPIEs after a HCT.ResultsIn this case report, the clinical presentation and diagnosis challenges of a pediatric patient who developed severe FPIES after HCT are described. The patient developed severe vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and shock and required admission to the pediatric intensive care unit in three occasions before the diagnosis was made.ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of severe FPIES post‐HCT in a pediatric patient. Physicians who are looking after pediatric patients in the post‐HCT setting need to be aware of this possibility and include this entity in the differential diagnosis in order to reduce its associated morbidity.
Educational Needs of the Adolescent Transplant Recipient: A Developmental Approach to Understanding Transplant
Authors: Molitor Stephen J. , Aguilera Vanessa , Lerret Stacee 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAs pediatric transplant patients reach adolescence, care teams must prepare them for an eventual transition to adult‐oriented care. Care teams must provide patients with the necessary knowledge and skills to manage their medical needs independently, but the level of learning required to successfully self‐manage a transplant is substantial. Furthermore, adolescence is also a dynamic developmental period that includes significant cognitive development and changes in social motivations.MethodsWithin this report, we offer insights into some of the key developmental mechanisms of adolescence that may influence their learning in a medical context. We also review key concepts that should be included in patient education across a range of domains. Finally, we consider how patients with comorbid developmental disorders may require tailored education.ResultsKey domains for education include (1) personal health history, (2) medication knowledge/adherence, (3) navigation of the healthcare system, and (4) communication with others about their health. Teams should intentionally track patient progress in their education, although few formalized tools are currently available to support tracking. Accommodations to learning for patients with developmental needs include varied instructional modalities (e.g., verbal, written, and modeling), opportunities to practice skills in a controlled manner, and establishment of family/community support that can persist into adulthood.ConclusionsEducation of transplant patients is a critical but long‐term process that supports the successful transition to adulthood. Care teams should develop intentional plans to transfer knowledge and build skills across adolescence, while remaining open to adaptive approaches to support the learning of all patients.
Treatment Strategies for Bile Leak Following Pediatric Liver Transplantation
Authors: Neto João Seda , Costa Carolina M. , de Assis André M. , Pugliese Renata , Benavides Marcel R. , Carnevale Francisco C. , Cavalcante Aline C. B. S. , Kondo Mario , Fonseca Eduardo A. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThere are no standard management protocols for the treatment of bile leak (BL) after liver transplantation. The objective of this study is to describe treatment options for BL after pediatric LT.MethodsRetrospective analysis (January 2010–March 2023). Variables studied: preoperative data, status at diagnosis, and postoperative outcome. Four groups: observation (n = 9), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC, n = 38), ERCP (2), and surgery (n = 27).ResultsNine hundred and thirty‐one pediatric liver transplantation (859 LDLT and 72 DDT); 78 (8.3%) patients had BL, all in LDLT. The median (IQR) peritoneal bilirubin (PB) level and fluid‐to‐serum bilirubin ratio (FSBR) at diagnosis was 14.40 mg/dL (8.5–29), and 10.7 (4.1–23.7). Patients who required surgery for treatment underwent the procedure earlier, at a median of 14 days (IQR: 7–19) versus 22 days for PTC (IQR: 15–27, p = 0.002). PB and FSBR were significantly lower in the observation group. In 11 cases, conservative management had resolution of the BL in an average time of 35 days, and 38 patients underwent PTC in a median time of 22 days (15–27). Twenty‐seven (34.6%) patients were reoperated as initial treatment for BL in a median time of 17 days (1–108 days); 25 (33%) patients evolved with biliary stricture, 5 (18.5%) after surgery, and 20 (52.6%) after PTC (p = 0.01).ConclusionPatients with BL who were observed presented significantly lower levels of PB and FSBR versus those who underwent PTC or surgery. Patients treated with PTC presented higher rates of biliary stricture during the follow‐up.