bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An age‐dependent reversal in the protective capacities of JNK signaling shortens Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan
Authors: Twumasi‐Boateng Kwame , Wang Tim W. , Tsai Linda , Lee Kuang‐Hui , Salehpour Ali , Bhat Sudarshan , Tan Man‐Wah , Shapira Michael 
Published: May 2012

SummaryStress‐activated protein kinase (SAPK) pathways are evolutionarily conserved signaling modules that orchestrate protective responses to adverse environmental conditions. However, under certain conditions, their activation can be deleterious. Thus, activation of the c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) SAPK pathway exacerbates a diverse set of pathologies, many of which are typical of old age. The contexts determining whether the outcome of JNK signaling is protective or detrimental are not fully understood. Here, we show that the age of an animal defines such a context. The Caenorhabditis elegans JNK homolog, KGB‐1, provides protection from heavy metals and protein folding stress in developing animals. However, we found that with the onset of adulthood, KGB‐1 activity becomes detrimental, reducing stress resistance and lifespan. Genetic analyses coupled with fluorescent imaging linked this phenotypic switch to age‐dependent antagonistic modulation of DAF‐16/FOXO: KGB‐1 activation enhanced DAF‐16 nuclear localization and transcriptional activity during development but decreased it in adults. Epistasis analyses showed that DAF‐16 was necessary and sufficient to explain some of the kgb‐1‐dependent detrimental phenotypes, but not all. The identification of early adulthood as a point following which the contribution of KGB‐1 activity reverses from beneficial to detrimental sheds new light on the involvement of JNK signaling in age‐related pathologies. Furthermore, the age‐dependent reversal has intriguing implications for our understanding of aging.
Compartment syndrome: pathophysiology, clinical presentations, treatment, and prevention in human and veterinary medicine
Authors: Nielsen Lindsey K. , Whelan Megan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo review the human and veterinary literature pertaining to all forms of compartment syndrome (CS).Data SourcesData sources included scientific reviews and original research publications from the human and veterinary literature.Human Data SynthesisWhile CS affecting the extremities has been recognized in people for decades, other forms of CS in the abdominal and thoracic cavities are recently gaining more attention. The role of CS in critically ill people is a rapidly growing area of interest. More research on prevention and treatment of CS is being conducted in people because some studies have found mortality rates as high as 80% for those suffering from these conditions.Veterinary Data SynthesisWhile a significant amount of experimental studies of CS have been performed on small animals, there is a marked lack of primary veterinary studies. The majority of the veterinary literature includes case reports and series, and many of these studies were published over a decade ago. However, the increased recognition of CS in people has sparked an interest in veterinary critical care medicine and this has been demonstrated by the recent increased evaluation of compartment pressures in veterinary patients.ConclusionsCS is a complex clinical condition where increased pressure within a compartment can cause significant adverse effects within the compartment as well as throughout the body. Systemic inflammatory responses and local ischemia‐reperfusion elements can contribute to the detrimental effects seen in CS. This cascade of events results in increased mortality rates and contributes to the development of CS elsewhere. A better understanding of CS will help veterinarians improve patient care and outcome. Future studies on incidence, prevention, and treatment of CSs in the critical care patient are needed in veterinary medicine.
Genetic, immunological and clinical risk factors for biliary strictures following liver transplantation
Authors: Iacob Speranta , Cicinnati Vito R. , Dechêne Alexander , Lindemann Monika , Heinemann Falko M. , Rebmann Vera , Ferencik Stanislav , Sotiropoulos Georgios C. , Popescu Irinel , Horn Peter A. , Gerken Guido , Paul Andreas , Beckebaum Susanne 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundBiliary strictures after liver transplantation (LT) are a major cause of morbidity and reduced graft survival.AimsThe purpose of this study was to investigate genetic, immunological and clinical risk factors for the occurrence of post‐LT ischaemic type biliary lesions (ITBLs) and biliary anastomotic strictures (AS).MethodsClinical and laboratory data, chemokine receptor (CCR) genotypes, chemotactic cytokines and anti‐major‐histocompatibility complex antibodies in serum were investigated in 162 LT patients.ResultsIn the univariate analysis, older donor and recipient age, partial LT, high peak aspartate aminotransaminase (AST) levels and CC chemokine receptor 5 delta32 loss‐of‐function mutation (CCR5Δ32) were associated with ITBL, whereas LT for acute liver failure (ALF), ABO‐compatible non‐identical LT, presence of donor‐specific anti‐human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II antibodies and fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1)‐249II allele were associated with AS. In the multivariate analysis, CCR5Δ32 was an independent risk factor for ITBL, whereas LT for ALF, ABO‐compatible non‐identical LT, and CX3CR1‐249II allele remained predictive for AS. Serum levels of interferon‐gamma and interleukin (IL)‐6 as well as IL‐10 were significantly increased in patients with biliary strictures.ConclusionSpecific chemokine receptor polymorphisms of the recipient are associated with development of post‐LT biliary strictures. Altered cytokine profile may contribute to enhanced fibrotic tissue remodelling and biliary stricture formation. Screening of anti‐HLA antibodies might be useful for early identification of at‐risk patients who could benefit from closer surveillance and tailored immunosuppressive regimen. Our findings may have relevance for prediction and management of post‐LT biliary strictures.
Cerebral Transverse Sinus Morphology As Detected by MR Venography in Patients With Chronic Migraine
Authors: Fofi Luisa , Giugni Elisabetta , Vadalà Rita , Vanacore Nicola , Aurilia Cinzia , Egeo Gabriella , Pierallini Alberto , Barbanti Piero 
Published: May 2012

Objective.— To clarify the frequency and characteristics of altered transverse sinus morphology in a series of consecutive patients with chronic migraine.Background.— As terminology, neuroradiological techniques and patient selection differ widely across various studies, reliable, reproducible information is lacking on the frequency of cerebral transverse sinus asymmetry as measured by cerebral magnetic resonance venography in patients with chronic migraine.Methods.— We assessed the frequency and characteristics of transverse sinus asymmetries and their correlation with the chronic migraine phenotype in a blind, cross‐sectional magnetic resonance venographic study in a series of 83 consecutive patients with chronic migraine.Results.— After excluding mild (≤10%) physiological differences in transverse sinus diameter, we found magnetic resonance venographic evidence of altered transverse sinus morphology in 50.6% of the patients: 16.9% had moderate transverse sinus asymmetry (≤50%), 24.1% severe asymmetry (>50%), and 9.6% aplasia. Among the tested risk factors for migraine chronification, analgesic consumption, anxiety, and high systolic blood pressure were more frequent in patients with transverse sinus aplasia than in those without.Conclusions.— Advanced magnetic resonance venographic techniques used in strictly selected subjects disclose transverse sinus asymmetries in as many as 50.6% of patients with chronic migraine, even when mild differences in physiological caliber are excluded. The unexpected correlation between transverse sinus aplasia and some risk factors for migraine chronification requires confirmation in larger studies.
Self‐Reported Comorbid Pains in Severe Headaches or Migraines in a US National Sample
Authors: Plesh Octavia , Adams Sally H. , Gansky Stuart A. 
Published: May 2012

Aims.— To compare prevalence of self‐reported comorbid temporomandibular joint muscle disorder‐type, neck, back, and joint pains in people with severe headache or migraine; and analyze these self‐reported pains in the 2000‐2005 US National Health Interview Survey by gender and age for non‐Hispanic whites, Hispanics, and non‐Hispanic blacks (African Americans).Methods.— National Health Interview Survey data included information on gender, age, race, ethnicity, health status, and common pain types: severe headache or migraine, temporomandibular joint muscle disorder‐type, neck, and low back in the last 3 months, as well as prior‐month joint pains. Analyses included survey prevalence estimation and survey logistic regression to obtain odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.Results.— The study included 189,967 adults: 48% males, 52% females; 73% white, 12% Hispanic, and 11% black. Of the entire sample, 29,712 (15%) reported severe headache or migraine, and 19,228 (64%) had severe headache or migraine with at least 1 comorbid pain. Two or more comorbid pains were reported in 10,200 (33%), with no gender difference, and with Hispanics (n = 1847 or 32%) and blacks (n = 1301 or 30%) less likely to report 2 or more comorbid pains than whites (n = 6747 or 34%) (odds ratio = 0.91, P = .032; OR = 0.82, P < .001, respectively). This group also reported significantly lower ratings of self‐rated health (P < .001). Differences in type of comorbid pain by age patterns were found.Conclusions.— Severe headache or migraine is often associated with other common pains, seldom existing alone. Two or more comorbid pains are common, similarly affecting gender and racial/ethnic groups.
Twiddler’s syndrome in a patient with epilepsy treated with deep brain stimulation
Authors: Penn David L. , Wu Chengyuan , Skidmore Christopher , Sperling Michael R. , Sharan Ashwini D. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryTwiddler’s syndrome is the conscious or unconscious manipulation of implantable pulse generators (IPGs) or associated wire systems by the patient. Most commonly, this complication has been documented in patients with cardiac pacemakers, but there are reported cases in patients with deep brain stimulators. Twisting of stimulator systems results in dislodgement or damage to leads and loss of stimulation to the desired target. The present case illustrates a rare complication that may have serious consequences in patients with deep brain stimulators. A 21 year‐old woman presented with recurrence of seizures from failure of her deep brain stimulator targeting the anterior nuclei of the thalamus to control refractory epilepsy, 6 months after it was implanted. Radiographic imaging revealed that the IPG had been twisted upon itself causing coiling and looping of extension wires. The patient denied any conscious manipulation of the system, which was subsequently surgically revised. Surgical revision achieved the desired stimulation and effects. On 4‐month follow‐up the deep brain stimulator remained stable and untwisted; however, it was subsequently removed in the fourth month because of infection at the extension site. In conclusion, twiddler’s syndrome is a rare complication occurring in patients with deep brain stimulator implants and warrants awareness among neurologic and neurosurgical epilepsy specialists.
The cognitive effects of interictal epileptiform EEG discharges and short nonconvulsive epileptic seizures
Authors: Nicolai Joost , Ebus Saskia , Biemans Danielle P. L. J. J. G. , Arends Johan , Hendriksen Jos , Vles Johan S. H. , Aldenkamp Albert P. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryPurpose:  Educational difficulties or even severe cognitive deterioration is seen in many childhood epilepsy syndromes. Many of those cognitive deficits are related directly to the brain disorder underlying the epilepsy syndrome. However, in other types of epilepsy, the epileptic seizures and/or epileptiform activity can be the dominant factor. This is especially unknown for the more “subtle” short nonconvulsive seizure types. For this reason, we analyzed a new cohort of children.Methods:  A cross‐sectional study of 188 children with epilepsy. Electroencephalography (EEG)–video recordings and cognitive testing were performed simultaneously. The results of children with short nonconvulsive seizures during a 2‐h testing session were compared with all children with epilepsy without seizures during the 2‐h cognitive testing session and with controls without epilepsy. In a second analysis the cognitive effects of frequency of epileptiform EEG discharges were analyzed.Key Findings:  The cognitive effects of short nonconvulsive seizures were large, ranging from 0.5 to 1 standard deviation and concerned global cognitive function, speed of central information processing, and memory function. In children without seizures during cognitive testing, the occurrence of frequent epileptiform discharges showed more subtle effects. These effects were independent from the occurrence of short nonconvulsive seizures.Significance:  We concluded that although the effect is less pronounced in number of areas involved and magnitude, the type of association between frequent epileptiform activity (>1% of the time) and cognitive function in children with epilepsy is comparable to the association between short nonconvulsive seizures and cognitive function.
Extraordinarily Favorable Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling through Long‐Term Cardiac Resynchronization: Super‐Response to Cardiac Resynchronization
Authors: ÇELEBI ÖZLEM , KNAUS THOMAS , BLASCHKE FLORIAN , HABEDANK DIRK , DÖHNER WOLFRAM , NITARDY AISCHA , STOCKBURGER MARTIN 
Published: May 2012

Background:

Some chronic heart failure (CHF) patients show remarkable improvement in left ventricular (LV) remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), for unclear reasons. This study aimed at identifying predictors of an extraordinarily favorable response to CRT.
Methods:

We studied 136 CRT patients (104 men, median 66 years, QRS 162 ms, left ventricular ejection fraction 24 ± 7%, 70% coronary disease, all left bundle branch block [LBBB]). We measured LV end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) before and after long‐term (9.4 ± 6.3 months) CRT. At baseline, LV pre‐ejection interval (LVPEI), interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD), LV dyssynchrony (standard deviation of electromechanical delays [SDEMD] in eight LV segments), exercise capacity (pVO2), and ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2) were assessed. Patients with a LVEDD reduction beyond the 80th percentile (high responders [HR]) were compared to low responders (LR).
Results:

In the HR group (n = 22), LVEDD was reduced from 71 to 52 mm (LR 64–61 mm, P < 0.001). HR had predominantly nonischemic heart disease (HR: 72%, LR: 44%, P = 0.019), tended to have a wider QRS (HR: 178 ms, LR: 162 ms, P = 0.066), had a longer LVPEI (HR: 179 ms, LR: 155 ms, P = 0.004), wider IVMD (HR: 60 ms, LR 48 ms, P = 0.05), larger LVEDD (P = 0.002), higher SDEMD (HR: 69 ms, LR: 46 ms, P = 0.044), but higher pVO2 (HR: 17.5 mL/min/kg, LR: 13.5 mL/kg/min, P = 0.025) and lower VE/VCO2 (HR: 31, LR: 35, P = 0.043), all compared to LR patients.
Conclusion:

Extraordinarily favorable reverse LV remodeling through CRT in CHF and LBBB appears to require a particularly dilated LV due to nonischemic heart disease with pronounced electromechanical alteration, but with a fairly preserved functional capacity before CRT. (PACE 2012;XX:1–7)
Kinetics of Atrial Repolarization Alternans in a Free‐Behaving Ovine Model
Authors: JOUSSET FLORIAN , TENKORANG JOANNA , VESIN JEAN‐MARC , PASCALE PATRIZIO , RUCHAT PATRICK , ROLLIN ANNE GARDERES , FROMER MARTIN , NARAYAN SANJIV M. , PRUVOT ETIENNE 
Published: May 2012

Kinetics of Atrial Repolarization Alternans. Introduction: Repolarization alternans (Re‐ALT), a beat‐to‐beat alternation in action potential repolarization, promotes dispersion of repolarization, wavebreaks, and reentry. Recently, Re‐ALT has been shown to play an important role in the transition from rapid pacing to atrial fibrillation (AF) in humans. The detailed kinetics of atrial Re‐ALT, however, has not been reported so far. We developed a chronic free‐behaving ovine pacing model to study the kinetics of atrial Re‐ALT as a function of pacing rate.Methods: Thirteen sheep were chronically implanted with 2 pacemakers for the recording of broadband right atrial unipolar electrograms and delivery of rapid pacing protocols. Beat‐to‐beat differences in the atrial T‐wave apex amplitude as a measure of Re‐ALT and activation time were analyzed at incremental pacing rates until the effective refractory period (ERP) defined as stable 2:1 capture.Results: Atrial Re‐ALT appeared intermittently but without periodicity, and increased in amplitude as a function of pacing rate until ERP. Intermittent 2:1 atrial capture was observed at pacing cycle lengths 40 ms above ERP, and increased in duration as a function of pacing rate. Episodes of rapid pacing‐induced AF were rare, and were preceded by Re‐ALT or complex oscillations of atrial repolarization, but without intermittent capture.Conclusion: We show in vivo that atrial Re‐ALT developed and increased in magnitude with rate until stable 2:1 capture. In rare instances where capture failure did not occur, Re‐ALT and complex oscillations of repolarization surged and preceded AF initiation. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 1003‐1012, September 2012)
Long‐Term Outcome of Catheter Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Originating from the Superior Vena Cava
Authors: CHANG HUNG‐YU , LO LI‐WEI , LIN YENN‐JIANG , CHANG SHIH‐LIN , HU YU‐FENG , FENG AN‐NING , YIN WEI‐HSIAN , LI CHENG‐HUNG , CHAO TZE‐FAN , HARTONO BENY , CHUNG FA‐PO , CHENG CHEN‐CHUAN , LIN WEI‐SHIANG , TSAO HSUAN‐MING , CHEN SHIH‐ANN 
Published: May 2012

Long‐Term Outcome of SVC AF Ablation. Introduction: Data of the long‐term clinical outcome after superior vena cava (SVC) isolation are limited. We aimed to evaluate the long‐term outcome in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who had triggers originating from the SVC and received catheter ablation of AF.Methods and Results: The study consisted of 68 patients (age 56 ± 12 years old, 32 males) who underwent the ablation procedure for drug‐refractory, symptomatic paroxysmal AF originating from the SVC since 1999. Group 1 consisted of 37 patients with AF initiated from the SVC only, and group 2 consisted of 31 patients with both SVC and pulmonary vein (PV) triggers. During a follow‐up period of 88 ± 50 months, the AF recurrence rate was 35.3% after a single procedure. The freedom‐from‐AF rates were 85.3% at 1 year and 73.3% at 5 years. In the baseline study, group 2 had larger left atrium (38 ± 4 mm vs 36 ± 5 mm, P = 0.04), left ventricle (50 ± 5 mm vs 46 ± 5 mm, P = 0.003), and PV diameters. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis showed a higher AF recurrence rate in group 2 compared to that in group 1 (P = 0.012). The independent predictor of an AF recurrence was a larger SVC diameter (P = 0.02, HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.8).Conclusion: Among the patients with paroxysmal AF originating from the SVC, 73% remained free of AF for 5 years after a single catheter ablation procedure. Superior vena cava isolation without PV isolation is an acceptable therapeutic strategy in those patients with AF originating from the SVC only. The SVC diameter was an independent predictor of AF recurrence. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 23, pp. 955‐961, September 2012)
Practice‐Based Evidence and Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Leeman Jennifer , Sandelowski Margarete 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPurpose: Nurses and other healthcare providers continue to underuse interventions demonstrated to be effective at improving health outcomes. We propose in this article that if more evidence‐based practice is wanted, greater use must be made of qualitative inquiry to obtain practice‐based evidence derived from the experiences and practices of healthcare providers and the contexts of healthcare provision.Approach: We present a framework for the use of qualitative methods to contribute to the following categories of practice‐based evidence: (a) practice‐based interventions and implementation strategies, (b) causal mechanisms, (c) approaches to adaptation, (d) how‐to guidance, (e) unanticipated effects, and (f) relevant contextual factors.Conclusions: Qualitative inquiry has an essential role to play in incorporating more practice‐based evidence into the evidence base for nursing practice.Clinical Relevance: This framework can be used by clinicians to plan for the implementation of interventions in practice, by researchers to discuss the practice implications of their findings, and by researchers to launch qualitative studies explicitly designed to capture practice‐based evidence.
Occupational contact dermatitis in painters – an analysis of patch test data from the Danish Contact Dermatitis Group
Authors: Mose Anja P. , Lundov Michael D. , Zachariae Claus , Menné Torkil , Veien Niels K. , Laurberg Grete , Kaaber Knud , Avnstorp Christian , Andersen Klaus E. , Paulsen Evy , Mortz Charlotte G. , Sommerlund Mette , Danielsen Anne , Thormann Jens , Kristensen Ove , Kristensen Berit , Andersen Bo L. , Vissing Susanne , Nielsen Niels H. , Johansen Jeanne D. 
Published: May 2012

Background. Painters are among the occupational groups that most commonly experience occupational contact dermatitis, but few investigations exist concerning this occupation.Objectives. To characterize painters with contact dermatitis and identify the most common allergens associated with the occupation.Materials and methods. All patch test results of 219 painters and 1095 matched controls registered by the Danish Contact Dermatitis Group between 2001 and 2010 were analysed.Results. Hand eczema (p < 0.0001) and occupational contact dermatitis (p < 0.0001) were observed significantly more often in the painters than in the group of controls. Sensitizations to the following allergens from the European baseline series were associated with the occupation and were statistically significant: methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone, epoxy resin, formaldehyde, and quaternium‐15. Three different isothiazolinones emerged as the most frequent sensitizers of the allergens tested in addition to the baseline series.Conclusions. The results indicate that painters have an increased risk of developing occupational hand eczema. Isothiazolinones and epoxy resin proved to be the two most frequent sensitizers in painters.
Adhesive tooth fragment reattachment with intentional replantation: 36‐month follow‐up
Authors: Dogan Muharrem Cem , Akgun Erkan Onur , Yoldas Hamdi Oguz 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCrown‐root fracture is one of the most challenging fracture types in dental traumatology literature. Aesthetic and functional rehabilitation is the primary goal of the treatment of crown‐root‐fractured tooth. For this purpose, reattachment of the fragment to its original position is a good choice. This paper reports a case of an adhesive fragment reattachment of a complicated crown‐root fracture with intentional replantation in a 9‐year‐old girl patient and 36‐month follow‐up.