bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of calcaneus and metatarsal head offloading insoles on healthy subjects’ gait kinematics, kinetics, asymmetry, and the implications for plantar pressure management: A pilot study
Authors: Shuang Jiawei , Haron Athia , Massey Garry , Mansoubi Maedeh , Dawes Helen , Bowling Frank L. , Reeves Neil D. , Weightman Andrew , Cooper Glen 
Published: May 2024

Background
The global number of people with diabetes is estimated to reach 643 million by 2030 of whom 19–34% will present with diabetic foot ulceration. Insoles which offload high-risk ulcerative regions on the foot, by removing insole material, are the main contemporary conservative treatment to maintain mobility and reduce the likelihood of ulceration. However, their effect on the rest of the foot and relationship with key gait propulsive and balance kinematics and kinetics has not been well researched.

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of offloading insoles on gait kinematics, kinetics, and plantar pressure throughout the gait cycle.

Methods
10 healthy subjects were recruited for this experiment to walk in 6 different insole conditions. Subjects walked at three speeds on a treadmill for 10 minutes while both plantar pressure and gait kinematics, kinetics were measured using an in-shoe pressure measurement insole and motion capture system/force plates. Average peak plantar pressure, pressure time integrals, gait kinematics and centre of force were analysed.

Results
The average peak plantar pressure and pressure time integrals changed by -30% (-68% to 3%) and -36% (-75% to -1%) at the region of interest when applying offloading insoles, whereas the heel strike and toe-off velocity changed by 15% (-6% to 32%) and 12% (-2% to 19%) whilst walking at three speeds.

Conclusion
The study found that offloading insoles reduced plantar pressure in the region of interest with loading transferred to surrounding regions increasing the risk of higher pressure time integrals in these locations. Heel strike and toe-off velocities were increased under certain configurations of offloading insoles which may explain the higher plantar pressures and supporting the potential of integrating kinematic gait variables within a more optimal therapeutic approach. However, there was inter-individual variability in responses for all variables measured supporting individualised prescription.
The Expectations Regarding Aging and Ageism Perspective between Nurses and Caregivers in Long-term Care Facilities
Authors: Sari Dianis Wulan , Ulfiana Elida , Anggraini Nourmayansa Vidya , Kristianingrum Niko Dima , Aurizki Gading Ekapuja , Noguchi-Watanabe Maiko 
Published: May 2024

Background: Ageism negatively impacts older adults’ health, especially in long-term care facilities (LTCFs), where healthcare workers often hold unfavorable views of them. Understanding these perspectives is vital for combating ageism and improving LTCF quality. Yet, comprehensive studies on healthcare workers’ attitudes toward ageism are lacking, hindering targeted interventions. Therefore, grasping their attitudes and behaviors is crucial for addressing ageism in LTCFs and enhancing care for older adults.Purpose: This study aimed to explore healthcare workers’ expectations regarding aging and their perspective on ageism towards older adults in LTCFs.Methods: This study was randomly conducted in sixteen LTCFs across Indonesia’s five largest islands using a cross-sectional study with a comparative descriptive design. Participants included 56 nurses and 173 non-licensed caregivers. Data on aging expectations and ageism perspectives during the COVID-19 pandemic were collected. An online and offline self-administered questionnaires (i.e., participant’s characteristics, the expectations regarding aging survey, ageism perspective in time of the COVID-19 pandemic) were conducted. Differences between nurses and caregivers were analyzed using chi-square and independent t-tests.Results: Altogether, 56 nurses and 173 caregivers (with an average age of 39.9 years) participated in the study. Significant differences were observed between nurses and non-licensed caregivers in their expectations regarding physical health, mental health, and overall expectations regarding aging (p-value = <0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). Non-licensed caregivers had higher mean scores for each item compared to nurses. Whereas, the perspective nurse and non-licensed caregivers were significantly different about older adults being more accessible to being infected with SARS-CoV-2, vulnerable population, prone to severity, easier to expose virus, low income, must isolated (p-value = 0.029, 0.007, 0.010, 0.033, <0.001, <0.001, respectively). The mean score of each item of nurses was higher than non-licensed caregivers.Conclusion: The expectation regarding aging of caregivers was higher than nurses. In line, the nurses’ scores have a lower attitude toward ageism during time COVID-19 pandemic. Exposure to ageism behavior and ageing conditions needs to be done for healthcare workers.
Case study: autoimmune hepatitis with cirrhosis and pancytopenia since 7 weeks’ gestation
Authors: Lee Rachel , Gonsalves Zenobia , Wang Sophia , Hussain Ayesha , Herrera Kimberly 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and AIH in pregnancy is associated with many adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. The purpose of this report is to share insight into management of AIH-induced pancytopenia unresponsive to steroids and transfusions.

Case presentation
A 29-year-old G4P0121 female with history of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) and severe pancytopenia secondary to AIH was found to be incidentally pregnant at 7 weeks gestation. Despite multiple blood transfusions and steroids, her pancytopenia was unresponsive to therapy. At 33 weeks, she underwent primary cesarean section for persistent category II fetal heart tracing and delivered a viable infant. Delivery was complicated by hemorrhage requiring multiple blood products. Postpartum course was complicated by sepsis secondary to urinary tract infection, and decompensated cirrhosis with hepatic encephalopathy and coagulopathy. Both fetus and mother have recovered well 3 months post-delivery.

Conclusions
This case highlights the challenges in management of AIH in pregnancy, particularly the difficulty in treating severe unresponsive pancytopenia as well as balancing the need for immunosuppression with the increased risk of infection that may lead to sequelae such as SBP and puerperal sepsis.
Microblog sentiment analysis method using BTCBMA model in Spark big data environment
Authors: Wang Qian , Chen Delin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Microblogs are currently one of the most well-liked social platforms in China, and sentiment analysis of microblog texts can help further analyze the realization of their media value; however, the current task of sentiment analysis based on microblog information suffers from low accuracy due to the large size and high redundancy of microblog data, a microblog sentiment analysis method using Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT)–Text Convolutional Neural Network (TextCNN)–Bidirectional Gate Recurrent Unit (BiGRU)–Multihead-Attention model in Spark big data environment is proposed. First, the Chinese pre-trained language model BERT is used to convert the input data into dynamic character-level word vectors; then, TextCNN is used to effectively obtain local features such as keywords and pool the filtered features; then, BiGRU is introduced to quickly capture more comprehensive semantic information; finally, a multi-headed attention mechanism is implemented to emphasize the most significant features in order to accomplish the sentiment classification of microblog information task precisely. By comparing the existing advanced models, the proposed model demonstrates an improvement of at least 4.99% and 0.05 in accuracy and F1-score evaluation indexes, respectively. This enhancement significantly enhances the accuracy of microblog sentiment analysis tasks and aids pertinent authorities in comprehending the inclination of individual’s attitude toward hot topics. Furthermore, it facilitates a prompt prediction of topic trends, enabling them to guide public opinion accordingly.
Research on agricultural environmental monitoring Internet of Things based on edge computing and deep learning
Authors: Dong Mo , Yu Haiye , Sun Zhipeng , Zhang Lei , Sui Yuanyuan , Zhao Ruohan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the continuous advancement of agricultural Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, real-time monitoring of agricultural environments has become increasingly significant. This monitoring provides valuable information on pest and disease occurrences and corresponding ecological conditions. However, as the agricultural environments have extensive coverage, the number of monitoring IoT devices and the volume of information will rapidly increase. This leads to a surge in network traffic and computing demands. To address this issue, this article proposes an agricultural environmental monitoring IoT system that utilizes edge computing and deep learning technologies. It combines the Long-Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) for long-range transmission with pest recognition and counting modules. By offloading workloads traditionally processed in the cloud to edge nodes, the proposed system effectively reduces transmission and cloud computing pressures for the agricultural monitoring IoT. Simulation experiments demonstrate stable LoRaWAN protocol-based data transmission at the edge, with an overall packet loss rate of less than 5%, meeting the transmission quality requirements. Moreover, this article investigates a pest recognition and counting method based on deep learning technology. Pest images, captured by monitoring nodes, are recognized and counted online using the TensorFlow framework. Experimental results indicate an accuracy of 89% in pest recognition. By digitally transmitting pest image recognition results to the cloud, the proposed system significantly alleviates transmission and cloud computing pressures for the monitoring IoT.
Effect of maternal asthma on fetal pulmonary artery Doppler parameters: a case-control study
Authors: Betül Akgün Aktaş , Zahid Agaoglu , Murat Haksever , Petek Uzuner Feriha , Doga Ocal Fatma , Atakan Tanacan , Dilek Sahin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare fetal pulmonary artery Doppler parameters between pregnant women with asthma and healthy pregnant women.

Methods
This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 50 pregnant women diagnosed with asthma and 61 healthy pregnant women. Fetal pulmonary artery Doppler parameters and the fetal main pulmonary artery acceleration time/ejection time (PATET) ratio were compared between the study and control groups. Thereafter, the study group was divided into two subgroups as non-severe and severe asthma. PATET ratio was compared between the subgroups.

Results
The fetal main pulmonary artery acceleration time was 25 ms in pregnant women with asthma and 33 ms in the healthy group, indicating a statistically significant difference (p=0.001). The acceleration time/ejection time ratio was statistically lower in the asthma group (0.185 vs. 0.240, p<0.001). The acceleration time/ejection time ratio was 0.172 in patients with severe asthma and 0.195 ms in the non-severe study group (p=0.156). In the maternal asthma group, the PATET ratio of those who went to the NICU due to respiratory distress was also 0.188, and the PATET ratio of those who went to the NICU for other reasons was 0.269 (p=0.053).

Conclusions
Fetal pulmonary artery acceleration time and PATET decreased statistically in pregnant women with severe or non-severe asthma. Maternal asthma is associated with changes in pulmonary Doppler parameters in the fetus.
The Tyrants’ Cousins. Ruling Practices and Political Concepts between Anatolia and Early Greece
Authors: Santini Marco 
Published: May 2024

Summary
This paper addresses the vexed question of the origins and nature of archaic Greek tyranny by focusing on the conceptual roots of the phenomenon, namely by investigating the political significance and implications of the Luwian notion of tarrawanni-, ‘just, justice,’ the term from which Greek tyrannos is believed to derive. Firstly, the paper shows how both Neo-Hittite and early Greek societies display a similar attitude towards justice as a key element for political legitimation. After concluding, however, that this commonality is not enough to explain why the Greeks borrowed the concept of tarrawanni- as tyrannos, the paper moves on to examining what specific way of doing politics is captured by the two concepts, arguing that they identify a type of political actor that exercises supreme powers independently of any kind of institutional arrangement. Finally, the paper discusses reasons, modalities, contexts, and timing of the transmission of Luwian tarrawanni- into Greek.
Wear characteristics of cold tool steels for recycling plastic preprocessing
Authors: Dalmiş İbrahim Savaş , Yilmaz Serdar Osman , Teker Tanju 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Eight type of commercial cold work tool steels were heat treated to achieve the equal hardness of 650 HV. Heat-treated samples were investigated by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), microhardness, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to identify microstructural features and phases. The samples were examined in three distinct wear modes: adhesion, two-body wear using pin wear on SiC, and recycling plastic cutting machine, respectively. The wear surfaces of samples were analyzed by 3D scanning technology. The microstructure of steels determined their wear characteristics. For low sliding and higher cutting speeds, the order of adhesive wear performance of the steels was reversed due to the stress occurring in the cutting line. The wear rate of all samples was commensurate with load. In the recycling plastic cutting process, the sample with the minimum and homogeneously dispersed carbides exhibited the best wear performance. Tempering the S3 sample prevented crack formation and improved fracture toughness.
Estimating lags in a kraft mill
Authors: Ng Jerry , Lawryshyn Yuri , DeMartini Nikolai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In pulp mills, lags obscure the effect of upstream operations on downstream measurements. Here, we estimate lags in a Canadian pulp mill using autoregressive exogenous (ARX) models. First, we show that ARX models can approximate lags in a process simulation that resembles the liquor storage tanks in pulp mills, a major source of lag in the kraft recovery cycle. Then, we use ARX models to estimate the lagged effect of a change in species pulped on as-fired liquor heating value, viscosity, and boiling point rise. Additionally, we compare the predictions of the ARX models to autoregressive (AR) models and a persistence model. The estimated lags between a change in species and heating value (49 h) and boiling point rise (41 h) agree with a detailed simulation of the mill and are close to estimated hydraulic residence times, suggesting that the liquor tanks exhibit imperfect mixing. A lagged effect of species change on viscosity could not be identified. ARX and AR models produce similar predictions that are slightly better than those of a persistence model. Finally, we show that process measurements upstream of units characterized by large residence times will likely provide little benefit to prediction accuracy.
Modern innovations in the provision and efficient application of 2D inorganic nanoscale materials
Authors: Ayub Muhammad Naeem , Shahzad Umer , Saeed Mohsin , Rabbee Muhammad Fazle , Al-Humaidi Jehan Y. , Althomali Raed H. , Baek Kwang-Hyun , Rahman Mohammed M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Two-dimensional nanoscale materials (2D NMs) have exceptional physical characteristics, distinctive structures, and customizable surface chemistry. They consist of infinite transverse dimensions of near-atomic thickness or atoms. They promise advancements in catalysis, renewable energy, and sensing. An extensive summary of the most recent research results on the creation and use of 2D NMs is provided in this work. It is possible to modify the characteristics of these multi-layered materials by means of chemical and physical manipulations. Due to their layer-dependent electrical properties, certain 2D layered inorganic nanomaterials such as MoS2, WS2, and SnS2 have recently been created and used in a variety of applications, including new sensors. In addition, the article delves into the difficulties confronted by sectors reliant on nanotechnology as well as the potential future uses of nanostructures coupled with electrochemical systems. The article begins by outlining the typical “top-down” and “bottom-up” approaches for synthesizing 2D NMs. These approaches include hydrothermal procedures, ion intercalation, mechanical exfoliation, liquid-phase exfoliation assisted by ultrasonic waves, and chemical vapor deposition. 2D NMs are the focus of this work because of their potential applications in gas sensing, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis, photo detection, and electromagnetic wave absorption. In addition, the study predicts patterns of future development and possible issues with 2D NMs based on existing studies. Increased demand for cost-effective, environmentally friendly, and highly connected products is propelling the ongoing research and development of these high-performance materials. This research is significant since it summarizes, in one place, the most recent advances in 2D NM preparation methods and applications.
Nonylphenol releases arachidonic acid in rat Sertoli cells via activation of PKA and PLA2
Authors: Santiago Valtierra Florencia X , Urriola-Muñoz Paulina , Godoy-Sepúlveda Rodrigo , Moreno Ricardo D , Reyes Juan G , Vallés Ana S , Oresti Gerardo M 
Published: May 2024

In brief
The endocrine disruptor, nonylphenol (NP) increases 20:4n-6 release in Sertoli cells via PKA/cPLA2 activation. Our data show that lipid metabolism could be a target of NP-induced abnormal reproductive outcomes.

Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, is an environmental contaminant, and many notorious effects on male fertility have been reported in animal models and wild-type species. Here, we evaluated the effects of NP in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) signal transduction pathways and lipid metabolism using an in vitro model of rat Sertoli cell (SC) primary culture. Results show that an acute (1 h) SC exposure to NP (10 µM) increased the intra- and extra-cellular concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs), mainly arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). Phosphatidylinositol seemed to be the major phospholipid source of this 20:4n-6 release by activation of the protein kinase A (PKA)/cytoplasmic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) pathway. NP also increased diacylglycerols (DAG) levels and the expression (mRNA) of cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. It is noteworthy that accumulation of lipid droplets took place after 24 h NP exposition, which was prevented by both a PKA inhibitor and a PLA2 inhibitor. Like FSH, NP triggers the release of 20:4n-6, which is a substrate for PGE2 synthesis via PKA/PLA2 activation. In addition, NP induces the formation of DAG, which could be required as a cofactor of the PKC-mediated activation of the COX2 inflammatory pathway. Our findings suggest that NP alters lipid homeostasis in SCs by inducing the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways that may trigger adverse effects in testis physiology over time. Concomitantly, the SC enhances the acylation of surplus FFAs (including 20:4n-6) in neutral lipids as a protective mechanism to shield itself from lipotoxicity and pro-inflammatory signals.
Investigator’s influence on the muscle strength assessment in animals in experiment: Comparison of automated “inverted grid” test and its classical variant
Authors: Lebedev P. R. , Kuzubova E. V. , Pokrovsky V. M. , Radchenko A. I. , Osipyan S. I. , Stepenko Yu. V. , Apostol A. A. , Danilenko L. M. , Dolzhikov A. A. , Pokrovskaya T. G. , Gudyrev O. S. , Kochergina Ya. S. , Dudnikova O. V. 
Published: May 2024

The aim of the work was to study the influence of the researcher on the muscle strength assessment in animals in the experiment by comparing the results of the automated “inverted grid” test and its classical variant.Materials and methods. Male lines (Bla/J, n=20; FUS(1-359), n=20; Tau P301S+/+, n=20) and their background controls (C57BL/6J, n=20; CD1, n=20) were selected for the study. The dynamics of changes in the muscle deficit of the animals was evaluated in the automated and classical variant of the “inverted grid” test.Results. According to the results of the muscle strength assessment of mice with an edited genome of lines FUS(1-359)+/-, Tau P301S+/+, B6.ADysfprmd/GeneJ, using the “inverted grid” test in the classical variant and the automated one, it was found that statistically significant differences were not obtained in comparison with the results obtained by the classical variant of the test. The standard error of the mean increases by 23–39% in the classical test compared to the automated one. It was shown that the standard error of the mean in the classical variant of the test in Tau P301S+/+ mice was 6.24; 5.94; 5.88; 7.38 at 4 age points; in FUS(1-359)+/- mice, 4.49; 6.8; 6.98 and 4.1; B6.ADysfprmd/GeneJ mice, 7.66; 7.58; 8.3 and 7.92, respectively.Conclusion. Thus, the value of the standard error of the results study mean of the changes dynamics in the muscle strength when using the automated variant of the “inverted grid” test was reduced in comparison with the results of the classical variant of the test. The results of the study show that the automation of generally recognized behavioral tests is able to increase the accuracy of the obtained data reducing the influence of a human factor on the manipulation.
Recognition of overheating in different temperature ranges in high-voltage oil-filled equipment by the dissolved gas analysis
Authors: Kulyk Oleksii 
Published: May 2024

One of the significant problems that largely determine the operational reliability of power transformers and, in some cases, the reliability of electricity supply to consumers, is the ageing of this equipment fleet. Therefore, the task of development and improvement of diagnostic methods that allow detecting faults of high-voltage power transformers at an early stage is relevant and practically significant. One of the most widespread methods of non-destructive diagnostics, which allows detecting up to 90 % of all possible defects of high-voltage oil-filled equipment, is the method of dissolved gas analysis. Today, most well-known standards and authors' methods use several diagnostic criteria to detect overheating in different temperature ranges based on the results of dissolved gas analysis. However, these standards and techniques differ considerably in the values of the diagnostic criteria, making it impossible to make an unambiguous diagnosis for the same data using different standards and techniques. Since local overheating of individual parts of insulation and structural elements of high-voltage power transformers is one of the common types of defects and such defects can develop over several years, their development is a serious threat to the insulation of transformers. Therefore, the results of dissolved gases analysis for 1278 high-voltage power transformers in which overheating in different temperature ranges was detected were used for a comprehensive analysis. The 1278 values analysed were split into 31 data sets with similar gas percentages, gas ratios and defect nomograms. Based on an analysis of the recognition reliability of overheating in different temperature ranges, using the norms and criteria regulated by known standards and methods, it was found that the highest recognition reliability is provided by the ratio values regulated by IEC 60599 and the National Standard of Ukraine.