bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voice, swallowing, and quality of life after total laryngectomy—Results of the west of Scotland laryngectomy audit
Authors: Robertson Stuart M. , Yeo Justin C. L. , Dunnet Catherine , Young David , MacKenzie Kenneth 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of radiotherapy and surgical voice restoration on functional outcome after total laryngectomy.MethodsQuestionnaire packs were posted to all 258 laryngectomy patients in the West of Scotland Managed Clinical Network. Packs contained the Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS), MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW‐QOL).ResultsSignificantly better VoiSS and MDADI scores were reported by patients undergoing laryngectomy alone in comparison with patients receiving adjuvant radiotherapy and patients undergoing salvage laryngectomy (p < .02). Patients using tracheoesophageal voice reported significantly better VoiSS scores than patients using other communication methods (p < .005).ConclusionRadiotherapy has a highly significant and detrimental effect on voice and swallowing outcome after total laryngectomy. Surgical voice restoration confers significant benefit in terms of self‐reported voice outcome. These findings have implications for patients with advanced laryngeal cancer considering laryngectomy and organ preservation. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Closure of laryngectomy defects in the age of chemoradiation therapy
Authors: Hanasono Matthew M. , Lin Derrick , Wax Mark K. , Rosenthal Eben L. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe use of chemoradiation therapy in laryngeal cancer has resulted in significant reconstructive challenges. Although reconstruction of salvage laryngectomy defects remains controversial, current literature supports aggressive management of these defects with vascularized tissue, even when there is sufficient pharyngeal tissue present for primary closure. Significant advancement in reconstructive techniques has permitted improved outcomes in patients with advanced disease who require total laryngopharyngectomy or total laryngoglossectomy. Use of enteric and fasciocutaneous flaps result in good patient outcomes. Finally, wound complication rates after salvage surgery approach 60% depending on comorbid conditions such as cardiac insufficiency, hypothyroidism, or extent of previous treatment. Neck dehiscence, great vessel exposure, fistula formation, or cervical skin necrosis results in complex wounds that can often be treated initially with negative pressure dressings followed by definitive reconstruction. The timing of repair and approach to the vessel‐depleted neck also present challenges in this patient population. Currently, there is significant institutional bias in the management of the patient with postchemoradiation salvage laryngectomy. Future prospective multi‐institutional studies are certainly needed to more clearly define optimal treatment of these difficult patients. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
The activity of aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase‐interacting multi‐functional protein 1 (AIMP1) on endothelial cells is mediated by the assembly of a cytoskeletal protein complex
Authors: Jackson Valentina Charlotte , Dewilde Sarah , Albo Alessandra Giuliano , Lis Katarzyna , Corpillo Davide , Canepa Barbara 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAIMP1 was first found as a factor associated with the aminoacyl‐tRNA synthetase (ARS) complex. However, it is also secreted and acts on different target cells such as endothelial cells, macrophages, and fibroblasts as an extracellular regulator, respectively, of angiogenesis, inflammatory responses and dermal regeneration. AIMP1 has also been reported to suppress in vivo tumor growth. In this study, we investigated the signaling pathways activated by exogenous AIMP1 in an in vitro endothelial model. AIMP1 decreases EC viability through an α5β1 integrin‐dependent mechanism and inhibits cell adhesion, is internalized and shows an asymmetric pattern of distribution and accumulation in cell protrusions. Experiments of affinity purification, pull down, and co‐immunoprecipitation showed that AIMP1 interacts with four cytoskeletal proteins (filamin‐A, α‐tubulin, vinculin, and cingulin). α‐Tubulin also gets phosphorylated upon cell treatment with AIMP1 and colocalization between AIMP1 and filamin‐A as well as between AIMP1 and cingulin was observed through immunofluorescence assays. In this work, we propose that AIMP1 effect on EC adhesion is mediated by the assembly of a cytoskeletal protein complex on the cytosolic face of the cell membrane which could regulate cellular architecture maintenance and remodeling. Moreover, this activity is able to indirectly influence cell viability. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 1857–1868, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Observational and supportive modelling analyses of winter precipitation change in China over the last half century
Authors: Gillies Robert R. , Wang Shih‐Yu , Huang Wan‐Ru 
Published: March 2011

AbstractOverall increasing trends in annual precipitation and widespread warming over China have been documented. During the winter months in southeast China, where snow is commonplace but rarely accumulates, the climatological 0 °C surface isotherm generally defines the southern boundary of the snowfield. Therefore, a warming climate will: (a) modify the southern boundary of the snowfield; and (b) potentially alter the snow‐rain ratio. Using recently released daily precipitation from the Asian Precipitation‐Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Towards Evaluation (APHRODITE) and temperature observations from the ERA‐40/Interim Reanalyses, this study investigated historical winter precipitation changes in China. Since snowfall observations were largely unavailable for southeast China, snowfall amounts were estimated using a rain‐snow threshold temperature (RST) method which was subsequently verified by in situ and satellite observations of snow depth, snow cover, and snow water equivalent (SWE). The composite analysis reveals a decrease in snowfall totals which are accompanied by an increase in rainfall; this change corresponds with the northward retreat of the 0 °C surface isotherm and the snow‐rain ratio. Atmospheric circulation analysis indicated lower tropospheric warming with increased moisture over southeast China, consistent with previous studies. Moreover, we observed an increase in the convergence of water vapour flux which sustains the increase in precipitation; this is accompanied by the suppression of snowfall due to the lower tropospheric warming. An additional analysis employed to further substantiate the RST method was undertaken by modelling the snow‐rain ratio with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model. The results were in agreement with those estimated from the observations. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Bone stresses before and after insertion of two commercially available distal ulnar implants using finite element analysis
Authors: Austman Rebecca L. , King Graham J.W. , Dunning Cynthia E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractDistal ulnar arthroplasty is becoming a popular treatment option for disorders of the distal radioulnar joint; however, few studies have investigated how load transfer in the ulna is altered after insertion of an implant. The purpose of our study was to compare bone stresses before and after insertion of two commercially available cemented distal ulnar implants: an implant with a titanium stem and an implant with a cobalt chrome stem. Appropriately sized implants of both types were inserted into eight previously validated subject‐specific finite element models, which were created by using information derived from computed tomography scans. The von Mises stresses were compared at eight different regions pre‐ and post‐implantation. The bone stresses with the titanium stem were consistently closer to the pre‐implantation stresses than with the cobalt chrome stem. For the loading situation and parameters investigated, results of these models show that insertion of the E‐Centrix® ulnar Head may result in less stress shielding than the SBI uHead™ stem. Future studies are required to investigate other implant design parameters and loading conditions that may affect the predicted amount of stress shielding. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1418–1423, 2011
Micro‐Raman investigation of nanosized zinc ferrite: effect of crystallite size and fluence of irradiation
Authors: Singh Jitendra Pal , Srivastava R. C. , Agrawal H. M. , Kumar Ravi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractZinc ferrite nanoparticles of different sizes ranging from 12 to 62 nm were synthesized by using the nitrate route. These nanoparticles were irradiated by a 100 MeV oxygen beam at two fluences: 1 × 1013 and 5 × 1013 ions/cm2. It was observed that modes corresponding to cubic spinel phase were retained after the irradiation in all the systems. The variation in the parameters of various modes follows phonon confinement, while this effect seems to violate in irradiated specimen. It was found that the irradiation‐induced changes in the modes F2g(2) and F2g(3) depend on whether the crystallite size of the pristine sample is less than, equal to or greater than the phonon confinement length, while this length is not dominant for the irradiation‐induced changes in the mode A1g. The changes in various parameters of the modes are attributed to the combined effect of the restructuring of the chemical species and ion‐induced defects. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Rotaxane Formation on the Photophysical, Morphological, and Adhesion Properties of Poly[2,7‐(9,9‐dioctylfluorene)‐alt‐(5,5'‐bithiophene)] Main‐Chain Polyrotaxanes
Authors: Farcas Aurica , Ghosh Indrajit , Grigoras Vasile C. , Stoica Iuliana , Peptu Cristian , Nau Werner M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn order to investigate the effect of rotaxane formation on the photophysical and morphological properties of π‐conjugated materials, a new main chain polyrotaxane was synthesized through Suzuki coupling between the inclusion complex of 5,5'‐dibromo‐2,2'‐bithiophene with randomly methylated β‐cyclodextrin and 9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐2,7‐trimethylene diborate. Due to rotaxane formation, a blue shift in the absorption spectra as well as in the fluorescence spectra was observed, while the fluorescence quantum yields and fluorescence lifetimes remained unchanged. This study demonstrates that rotaxane formation can alter the electronic and morphological properties of the threaded copolymer, which is of great interest for electronic applications. magnified image
Nanocomposites with Biodegradable Polycaprolactone Matrix
Authors: Janigová Ivica , Lednický František , Mošková Daniela Jochec , Chodák Ivan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: Biodegradable polymer/clay nanocomposites and/or composites based on poly(ε‐polycaprolactone) (PCL) were prepared by conventional melt mixing. Three kinds of clays, organomodified Cloisite 15A and Cloisite 10A with different ammonium cations located in the silicate gallery and unmodified Cloisite with Na cations were used for composites preparation. The degree of dispersion of silicate layers in the matrix was determined by X‐ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Oscillatory rheological measurements were used for characterization of the physical network formed by the filler. The presence of intercalated and exfoliated structures were observed for the composites PCL/Cloisite 15A and PCL/Cloisite 10A, indicating that nanocomposite structure was formed. Changes of viscoelastic properties to more solid‐like behavior, especially in the low frequency range were explained by formation of silicate network structure, which can be detected by modified Cole‐Cole plots.
Reprocessed High Impact Polypropylene Containing Oil Pollutant Exhibiting Flame Retardant Properties
Authors: Casetta Mathilde , Delaval Damien , Traisnel Michel , Bourbigot Serge 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: In this work, the reaction to fire of reprocessed polypropylene (PP)/Ethylene Propylene Rubber (EPR) materials containing engine oil as pollutant was investigated by mass loss calorimetry. It was compared to the behaviour of the corresponding original high impact PP material. In order to flame retard the polymers, an intumescent system was studied in combination with zinc borate (ZB) as potential synergistic agent. It is shown that 20% of additives are necessary to obtain good FR properties. The use of ZB greatly improves the reaction to fire of original PP/EPR materials due to the formation of borophosphates during the degradation process that permit to reinforce the char structure. In the case of the polluted and reprocessed formulations, ZB has no influence on the fire performance because the minerals included in the engine oil act also as a flame retardant. For the two types of materials, it is demonstrated that the expansion rate at the beginning of the intumescent process plays a crucial role in the formation of an efficient insulating layer at the surface of the substrate. On the contrary, the fire performance is not related to the thickness of the carbonaceous shield.
Comparative Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Adhesive Filled with Natural or Precipitated Calcium Carbonate
Authors: Donate‐Robles Jessica , Martín‐Martínez José Miguel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: The rheological, mechanical and adhesion properties of thermoplastic polyurethane adhesive (TPU) containing natural ultramicronized or precipitated nanometric calcium carbonate filler were compared. Precipitated calcium carbonate addition did not noticeably improve the rheological properties of filled TPU with respect to the effect produced by adding natural calcium carbonate. The precipitated calcium carbonate nanoparticles migrated to the TPU surface due to incompatibility between the filler and the polyurethane. The wettability of the filled TPU was reduced by adding natural calcium carbonate, but it was increased slightly by adding precipitated calcium carbonate. Finally, the immediate adhesive strength in PVC/TPU adhesive/PVC joints increased noticeably when the adhesive contained filler; however, the final adhesive strength was similar irrespective of the filler particle size.
Organo‐Montmorillonite as a Controlled Release Reservoir for Triclosan in Silicone Elastomer: A Flow Micro‐Calorimetry and Leaching Study
Authors: Liauw Christopher M. , Taylor Rebecca L. , Maryan Christopher , Kato Ryo , Wilkinson Arthur N. , Cheerarot Onanong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: Organically modified montmorillonite (o‐MMT) in a room temperature addition cured silicone elastomer (PDMS) has been found to control the release of 2,4,2′‐trichloro‐2′‐hydroxy diphenylether (triclosan (TCS)) from the composite. The effect of o‐MMT gallery polarity on controlled release was investigated via different intercalants and the interaction of triclosan with the o‐MMT was investigated using flow micro‐calorimetry (FMC). The latter was found not to be a universal predictor of controlled release activity of the composite as combined TCS and PDMS interactions with MMT/o‐MMT leading to intercalation (observed using WAXS) and controlled release activity must also be considered. Southern Clay Products Cloisite® 15A (C15A) gave the most sustained release of TCS whilst also featuring a uniform gallery spacing in the composite. A pore structure based on self‐assembled C15A intercalant alkyl tails is tentatively proposed.
Polypropylene Nanocomposites, Study of the Influence of the Nanofiller Nature on Morphology and Material Properties
Authors: Tabuani D. , Ceccia S. , Camino G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: In this paper we investigate the influence of various nanofilllers' aspect ratio, chemical nature and organic modification on some selected polypropylene properties, such as crystallinity, thermal and mechanical resistance and fire behaviour. Materials were prepared by twin‐screw extrusion and characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, tensile and cone calorimeter tests. Fillers characteristics were found to influence at different extents, and for different reasons, the material final properties.
Processing and Final Properties Improvement of Polyolefin‐Sepiolite and Carbon Nanofibre Nanocomposites
Authors: La Tegola S. , Terenzi A. , Martini R. , Barbosa S. , Torre L. , Kenny José 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: In this work polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with different nanofillers (sepiolites and carbon nanofibres) have been produced, processed by injection moulding and fibre spinning and analyzed in terms of mechanical properties improvements. Different concentrations of both fillers were used in nanocomposites preparation. The influence of nanofiller type and amount on mechanical properties were analyzed and discussed for each process studied. This study was completed with a basic morphological characterization in order analyze the nanofiller dispersion, distribution and orientation in the nanocomposites. The results achieved show that it is possible to obtain a good dispersion and distribution of the each kind of nanofillers with conventional processing methodologies when the nanofiller concentration is small. Moreover the nanocomposites obtained had better properties than the starting polymers, showing that sepiolite and carbon nanofiller are able to provide an important contribution to the improvement of mechanical properties of the materials analyzed, enlarging the final application possibilities of PP based products.
Quantitative Characterization of Clay Dispersion in Polymer‐Clay Nanocomposites
Authors: Xie Shaobo , Harkin‐Jones Eileen , Shen Yucai , Hill Janet , Hornsby Peter , McAfee Marion , McNally Tony , Patel Raj , Benkreira Hadj , Coates Phil 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSummary: A novel methodology has been developed to describe the microstructure of polymer‐clay nanocomposites quantitatively. It builds on the image analyses of transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy micrographs, and two parameters, degree of dispersion and mean interparticle distance per unit volume of clay, are proposed to characterize the level of clay dispersion. It provides insights into the ‘real’ clay dispersion using a combination of both microscopical and macroscopical aspects.
Prediction of Acute Rodent Toxicity on the Basis of Chemical Structure and Physicochemical Similarity
Authors: Raevsky O. A. , Grigor'ev V. Y. , Liplavskaya E. A. , Worth A. P. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA development of the Arithmetic Mean Toxicity (AMT) approach is presented in this article. Twenty six physicochemical descriptors, calculated by using the HYBOT program, along with molecular weight and lipophilicity were included in the selection of structural and physicochemical neighbours (analogues). Toxicity predictions of 906 chemicals from the REACH Pre‐Registration Substance (PRS) list were carried out with the application of six nearest structural neighbours and three pairs of structural/physicochemical neighbours on the basis of molecular polarizability, the sum of negative atomic charges in a molecule, the sum of H‐bond acceptor and donor factors and the octanol‐water partition coefficient. The best prediction results were obtained three pair structural neighbours were applied (each pair contains one chemical with a higher and one chemical with a lower descriptor value). The prediction of toxicity as the mean arithmetic toxicity value of the nearest structural and physicochemical neighbours can be considered a robust approach for the read‐across of properties (toxicity data) between analogues. Traditionally, analogues would be selected by expert judgement, but increasingly the availability of large databases and the application of nearest neighbour approaches such as the AMT approach provide a means of automating such assessments.
Predictivity of Simulated ADME AutoQSAR Models over Time
Authors: Rodgers Sarah L. , Davis Andrew M. , Tomkinson Nick P. , van de Waterbeemd Han 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe automation of model building and model updating (autoQSAR) is an important step forward towards real‐time small molecule drug discovery project support using the latest experimental data. We present here a simulation study using real company data of the behaviour of QSAR models over time. Three different global QSAR models, namely, human plasma protein binding, aqueous solubility and log D7.4, are updated on a monthly basis over a period of three years. The effect of updating the models on their predictivity is studied using a series of monthly temporal test sets in addition to a final terminal temporal test set. Partial Least Squares (PLS), Random Forest (RF) and Bayesian Neural Networks (BNN) models are examined, covering three distinctly different approaches to QSAR modelling. It is demonstrated that the models are able to predict forward in time, but that updating models on a regular basis increases their ability to make predictions for current compounds. The degree of the improvement depends on the property studied and the model building technique used. These results demonstrate the importance of updating models on a regular basis. For both static models predicting forward in time, and regularly updating models it is shown that RF models are the most predictive for these data sets.
Associating Drugs, Targets and Clinical Outcomes into an Integrated Network Affords a New Platform for Computer‐Aided Drug Repurposing
Authors: Oprea Tudor I. , Nielsen Sonny Kim , Ursu Oleg , Yang Jeremy J. , Taboureau Olivier , Mathias Stephen L. , Kouskoumvekaki Irene , Sklar Larry A. , Bologa Cristian G. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFinding new uses for old drugs is a strategy embraced by the pharmaceutical industry, with increasing participation from the academic sector. Drug repurposing efforts focus on identifying novel modes of action, but not in a systematic manner. With intensive data mining and curation, we aim to apply bio‐ and cheminformatics tools using the DRUGS database, containing 3837 unique small molecules annotated on 1750 proteins. These are likely to serve as drug targets and antitargets (i.e., associated with side effects, SE). The academic community, the pharmaceutical sector and clinicians alike could benefit from an integrated, semantic‐web compliant computer‐aided drug repurposing (CADR) effort, one that would enable deep data mining of associations between approved drugs (D), targets (T), clinical outcomes (CO) and SE. We report preliminary results from text mining and multivariate statistics, based on 7684 approved drug labels, ADL (Dailymed) via text mining. From the ADL corresponding to 988 unique drugs, the “adverse reactions” section was mapped onto 174 SE, then clustered via principal component analysis into a 5×5 self‐organizing map that was integrated into a Cytoscape network of SE‐D‐T‐CO. This type of data can be used to streamline drug repurposing and may result in novel insights that can lead to the identification of novel drug actions.
Exact algorithms for the vertex separator problem in graphs
Authors: de Souza Cid C. , Cavalcante Victor F. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this article, we propose a Lagrangian relaxation framework to solve the vertex separator problem (VSP). This framework is based on the development of relax‐and‐cut algorithms which embed the separation of valid inequalities for the VSP discussed by Balas and de Souza (Math Program 103 (2005), 583–608) in the subgradient method. These relax‐and‐cut algorithms are then used as a preprocessing phase in a hybrid algorithm which combines them with branch‐and‐cut algorithms proposed by de Souza and Balas (Math Program 103 (2005), 609–631). This is done basically by feeding the branch‐and‐cut algorithms not only with the primal bound but also the cuts separated during the preprocessing phase. Computational results obtained with benchmarks from the literature showed that the hybrid algorithm developed here outperforms the best exact algorithm available for the VSP to date. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2011