bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between students’ personality traits, attention state, and use of regulatory strategies during emergent distance learning
Authors: Emara Mona , Schwab Susanne , Alnahdi Ghaleb , Gerdenitsch Cornelia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Attention issues are increasingly prevalent among students in higher education. While existing research has primarily focused on external distractions and their relationship with personality traits, internal distractions remain underexplored, particularly in the context of specific learning scenarios like distance education. This study addresses this gap by investigating the correlations between personality traits, attention distraction, and attentional regulation in the context of distance learning.

Method
This study adopted a combined person- and variable-oriented approach to examine the extent to which students’ personalities relate to attentional state and regulation strategies during emergent distance learning under COVID-19 lockdown conditions. 400 higher education students completed an online survey for this cross-sectional study.

Results
The integrated approaches revealed three distinct groups: (1) the “Self-Attention Regulated” group, characterized by the lowest attention problems, the highest use of attention regulation strategies, and higher levels of conscientiousness and openness; (2) the “Hanging-On” group, marked by high attention discontinuity, moderate attention regulation strategies, and average levels across all personality traits; and (3) the “Social Media-Distracted” group, exhibiting the highest levels of distraction caused by social media and higher levels of neuroticism. Older students, who tended to belong to the self-attention-regulated group, spent considerably more time studying online than younger students, who were more likely to be social media-distracted.

Conclusion
This study enhances our understanding of attention regulation in distance learning by identifying personality traits associated with students at risk for distracted attention issues. The results could help universities to design and implement effective distance learning programs that cater to a wide range of student personalities.
Individualized Cognitive Effort to Failure Does Not Impact Subsequent Strenuous Physical Performance
Authors: Holgado Darías , Cailleux Alice , Ruggeri Paolo , Martarelli Corinna , Bekinschtein Tristan A. , Sanabria Daniel , Place Nicolas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The relationship between cognitive tasks and physical performance has garnered significant attention, with evidence suggesting that cognitive effort before exercise may impair physical performance. However, recent findings challenge the robustness of this effect, necessitating a reassessment of the mechanisms linking cognitive load to physical performance. This study introduces a novel approach to address methodological limitations, emphasizing individualized cognitive task difficulty and duration. Using techniques such as Temporal Experience Tracing (TET) and psychophysiological monitoring, we explore the dynamics between cognitive effort, subjective states, and physical performance.

Methods
In a pre-registered, randomized, within-participant design experiment, 21 recreational athletes completed a running time to exhaustion test at 90% of their maximal aerobic speed after performing a cognitive task until failure or watching a self-selected documentary. Pupillometry and six subjective dimensions were measured with the TET during task performance.

Results
We found that 1) subjective changes during effortful tasks are not limited to a single experience, such as mental fatigue or boredom, but can be grouped into distinct patterns; 2) the individualized and demanding cognitive task, completed before exercise did not impair subsequent physical performance; 3) pupil size reliably reflected cognitive load and is partially related to changes in subjective states, while fixation on the stimulus decreased over time, especially during high-demand periods.

Conclusions
These results do not support the effect of performing a highly demanding cognitive task on subsequent strenuous physical performance. Instead, they reveal the richness of the subjective experience linked to cognitive performance that goes beyond mere mental fatigue. Overall, we show a novel way to understand the interplay between cognitive and physical performance.
Genetic technology in the targeted therapy of Alport Syndrome
Authors: Kłusek Magdalena , Pawłowski Bartosz , Sienkiewicz Michał , Mandziuk Anna 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and aim of the study: Alport syndrome is the most common inherited chronic kidney disease, with three distinct patterns of inheritance: X-linked, autosomal, and digenic. Currently, there is no curative treatment for Alport syndrome. This review aims to provide updated knowledge about Alport syndrome, including its clinical and genetic characteristics and therapies that slow disease progression.
Material and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, with the following keywords: "gene," "therapy," "Alport," and "syndrome."
Description of the state of knowledge: Gene therapy, which uses genetic material to prevent or treat diseases, offers promising prospects for Alport syndrome. The results of the metaanalysis suggest that gene editing by CRISPR/Cas9, exon-skipping using an antisense-oligonucleotide, premature termination codon readthrough, anti-miRNA-21 oligonucleotides, protein replacement, pharmacological chaperones and X-chromosome reactivation therapies are a feasible approach for some patients with Alport syndrome.
Summary: Targeting defective collagen chains early in the disease through gene therapy may have the greatest potential to reverse this disorder. Therefore, we strongly believe Alport syndrome will become a treatable condition in the near future using gene editing techniques.
Chatbot -assisted self-assessment (CASA): Co-designing an AI -powered behaviour change intervention for ethnic minorities
Authors: Nadarzynski Tom , Knights Nicky , Husbands Deborah , Graham Cynthia , Llewellyn Carrie D. , Buchanan Tom , Montgomery Ian , Rodriguez Alejandra Soruco , Ogueri Chimeremumma , Singh Nidhi , Rouse Evan , Oyebode Olabisi , Das Ankit , Paydon Grace , Lall Gurpreet , Bulukungu Anathoth , Yanyali Nur , Stefan Alexandra , Ridge Damien 
Published: February 2025

Background
The digitalisation of healthcare has provided new ways to address disparities in sexual health outcomes that particularly affect ethnic and sexual minorities. Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots can provide personalised health education and refer users for appropriate medical consultations. We aimed to explore design principles of a chatbot-assisted culturally sensitive self-assessment intervention based on the disclosure of health-related information.

Methods
In 2022, an online survey was conducted among an ethnically diverse UK sample (N = 1,287) to identify the level and type of health-related information disclosure to sexual health chatbots, and reactions to chatbots’ risk appraisal. Follow-up interviews (N = 41) further explored perceptions of chatbot-led health assessment to identify aspects related to acceptability and utilisation. Datasets were analysed using one-way ANOVAs, linear regression, and thematic analysis.

Results
Participants had neutral-to-positive attitudes towards chatbots and were comfortable disclosing demographic and sensitive health information. Chatbot awareness, previous experience and positive attitudes towards chatbots predicted information disclosure. Qualitatively, four main themes were identified: “Chatbot as an artificial health advisor”, “Disclosing information to a chatbot”, “Ways to facilitate trust and disclosure”, and “Acting on self-assessment”.

Conclusion
Chatbots were acceptable for health self-assessment among this sample of ethnically diverse individuals. Most users reported being comfortable disclosing sensitive and personal information, but user anonymity is key to engagement with chatbots. As this technology becomes more advanced and widely available, chatbots could potentially become supplementary tools for health education and screening eligibility assessment. Future research is needed to establish their impact on screening uptake and access to health services among minoritised communities.
Integrating transcriptome and metabolomics revealed the key metabolic pathway response of Amaranthus retroflexus L. to the resistance to fomesafen
Authors: Song Weifeng , Wei Qinghui , Shi Zhenghao , Pan Yaqing , Li Zhiyong , Wang Fangyuan 
Published: February 2025

Background
Amaranthus retroflexus L. is one of the main broad-leaved weeds in soybean fields in Heilongjiang Province and is an important factor affecting soybean yield. It is becoming increasingly resistant to herbicides. However, studies on the transcriptome level and the molecular mechanism of secondary metabolite accumulation of resistant varieties of Amaranthus retroflexus L. have not been reported. Therefore, comprehensive analysis of transcriptome and metabolome is needed to determine the key metabolic pathways and key genes of Amaranthus retroflexus L.

Results
The biosynthetic pathway of resistance to Amaranthus retroflexus L. was studied by transcriptome and metabolome analysis. Transcriptome analysis showed that in the three comparison groups, compared with untreated (CK) group, there were 979 Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in resistant (RY) group and 15731 DEGs in sensitive (SY) group; The RY group had 13822 DEGs compared to the SY group. Fluorescent quantitative PCR detection found that two gene tables related to Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase (P450), Glutathione S-transferase (GST) and other enzyme systems such as peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly reached. Using Venn analysis for metabolomics analysis (VIP>1 and P<0.05), 239 Differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were selected. There are 15 common DEMs in the three control groups, and 8 unique DEMs in the RY group. This study detected 76 cases of DEMs and 139 cases of DEMs in the CK, RY, and SY control groups, respectively. More metabolites were detected in the CK and SY control groups. This viewpoint provides evidence for the genetic and metabolic differences between resistance and sensitivity in Amaranthus retroflexus L.. The KEGG in the RY vs SY group is mainly enriched in cysteine and methlonine metabololism, glycine, serine and threonine metabololism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, biosynthesis of variant plant secondary metabololites, biosynthesis of amino acids, arginine and proline metabololism, biosynthesis of cofactors. Therefore, the resistance mechanism of Amaranthus retroflexus L. may be mainly generated by the metabolic pathway mechanism of amino acids.

Conclusion
In this study, DEGs and DEMs were identified by de novo Transcriptome assembly and metabonomic analysis, and an important metabolic pathway of resistance was found. It was found that the resistance mechanism of Amaranthus retroflexus L. might be mainly produced by amino acid metabolic pathway. This discovery laid the foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism and functional characteristics of the resistance of Amaranthus retroflexus L..
Sex and age differences in cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle in patients recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study in Spanish primary health care
Authors: Vich-Pérez Pilar , Taulero-Escalera Belén , García-Espinosa Victoria , Villanova-Cuadra Laura , Regueiro-Toribio Paula , Sevilla-Machuca Ignacio , Timoner-Aguilera Julia , Martínez-Grandmontagne Mario , Abós-Pueyo Tania , Álvarez-Hernandez-Cañizares Cristina , Reviriego-Jaén Germán , Serrano-López-Hazas Alberto , Gala-Molina Inés , Sanz-Pascual Mar , Salinero-Fort Miguel Ángel ,   on behalf of the LADA-PC consortium
Published: February 2025

Aims
To describe the main characteristics of patients recently diagnosed with DM regarding cardiovascular risk factors and diabetes-related complications, compare possible differences according to sex and age group, and examine healthy lifestyle behaviors such as adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical activity and their associated factors.

Methods
A cross-sectional, multicenter, observational study of 681 patients aged >30 years diagnosed with diabetes mellitus in the previous 4 years was performed. The patients were treated in primary care centers in Madrid (Spain). The variables were obtained from their electronic medical records, physical examination, complete analysis, and lifestyle questionnaires.

Results
The main comorbidities were: hypercholesterolemia (64.4%; 95% CI, 60.6–68.2), hypertension (55.2%; 95% CI, 51.3–59.1), obesity (58.9%; 95% CI, 55.2–62.6), metabolic syndrome (58.5%; 95% CI, 54.6–62.5); and hypertriglyceridemia (25.3%; 95% CI, 21.9–28.7). Despite being newly diagnosed, 7.6% (95% CI, 5.4–9.8) had microalbuminuria, and 10.3% (95% CI, 8.0–12.6) cardiovascular disease. The main unhealthy lifestyles were: low physical activity (52%; 95% CI, 48.1–55.9), alcohol consumption (47.7%; 95% CI, 44.0–51.5) and smoking (19.2%; 95% CI, 16.2–22.3). Compared with men, women had more morbid obesity (9.7% vs 4.6%, p = .014), worse lipid profile (total cholesterol: 184 (IQR, 158–207) vs. 165 (IQR, 144–192), p < .01), less treatment with metformin (74.8% vs. 84.4%, p < .01) and antiplatelet agents (8.1% vs.18.6%, p < .01), but women had fewer comorbidities. Patients with a high educational level (OR = 1.90, 95% CI, 1.28–2.81)) and those >60 years (OR = 1.49; 95% CI, 1.01–2.21) were more adherent to the Mediterranean diet, and the older ones did less intense exercise (OR = 0.34, 95% CI, 0.16–0.75). Normal blood pressure was associated with Mediterranean diet (OR = 1.52; 95% CI, 1.05–2.21) and high physical activity (OR = 4.03; 95% CI, 1.69–9.61); and body mass index was inversely associated with physical activity (OR = 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85–0.99).

Conclusions
Patients newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus may also have crucial cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities at the onset of the disease. However, patients with a healthy lifestyle were more likely to have a normal blood pressure and a lower body mass index.
The effect of acupuncture on quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Jun , Lamichhane Narendra , Xu Zhifang , Wang Jiaqi , Quynh Vo Dai , Huang Jing , Gao Feifei , Zhao Meidan , Chen Zelin , Zhao Tianyi 
Published: February 2025

Background
Acupuncture has been used to improve the quality of life (QoL) of patients in clinical settings. However, the effect of acupuncture on QoL in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effect of acupuncture on the QoL of patients with IBS.

Method
PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, and Web of Science were screened from inception to September 2023. RCTs published in English comparing acupuncture with sham acupuncture, usual care, pharmacological interventions, or other therapies were analyzed for QoL in patients with IBS. The primary outcome was QoL and secondary outcomes were the IBS-symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS) and abdominal pain. The Cochrane Collaboration recommendations were used to assess the risk of bias.

Findings
Fourteen articles with 2,038 participants were included. The pooled result showed acupuncture can significantly improve the QoL of patients with IBS compared to the conventional treatment (MD = 6.62, 95% CI, 2.30 to 10.94, P<0.001, I2 = 72.45%). Additionally, acupuncture was superior to other interventions in relieving the symptoms’ severity of IBS (MD = -46.58, 95% CI, -91.49 to -1.68, P<0.001, I2 = 90.76%). Nevertheless, acupuncture was not associated with abdominal pain reduction (MD = -0.35, 95% CI, -0.91 to 0.20, P = 0.21, I2 = 0.00%). Lower adverse events were observed in the acupuncture group. Thus, the quality of this study was relatively high.

Conclusion
The meta-analysis showed that acupuncture improves QoL and symptom severity in patients with IBS and that the optimal parameters for acupuncture to improve QoL in patients with IBS are 30 minutes of acupuncture per session, less than or equal to five sessions per week, and a 4-week course of treatment. However, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to provide stronger evidence.
Experiences of rehabilitation one year after breast cancer diagnosis–A focus group study from the ReScreen randomized controlled trial
Authors: Olsson Ing-Marie , Dykes Charlotta , Rydén Lisa , Olsson-Möller Ulrika , Malmström Marlene 
Published: February 2025

Background
Treatment for breast cancer poses major challenges and leads to a variety of side-effects and problems that affect life for a long time. Experiences and symptoms vary, and research indicates a lack of structures for ensuring individualized rehabilitation. This qualitative focus group study aims to explore the experience of women with BC after participating in a complex randomized controlled trial (RCT) (Clinicaltrials.gov NCT03434717) focusing on cancer rehabilitation from a comprehensive perspective.

Method
Nine semi-structured focus group interviews with women (n = 30) who participated in the Rescreen RCT were conducted. The women were interviewed divided into three RCT groups (intervention, control, or observation group). Data were initially analyzed inductively using conventional content analysis, followed by a deductive approach, guided by the result from the inductive analysis.

Results
The inductive analysis resulted in two categories and four sub-categories and showed a great variation in experiences and needs. Some women described a well-functioning process, while others described lack of individualized information, continuity with healthcare providers, and clear pathways for support. After the deductive analysis, a variation between the groups appeared. Women in the intervention group expressed that a proactive and individualized approach facilitated rehabilitation and they experienced a feeling of being recognized as a person, which they highlighted as important. On the contrary, women from the control group described feelings of being abandoned from healthcare, hindering rehabilitation. The observation group expressed that their needs had been fulfilled within the healthcare system.

Conclusions
This study adds important knowledge to the evaluation of the ReScreen model and contributes to existing research on how individualized rehabilitation after breast cancer can be applied in clinical practice. A proactive, person-centered approach in rehabilitation, aimed at those with extended needs, would potentially optimize rehabilitation and facilitate the recovery process after breast cancer treatment.
Optimising test intervals for individuals with type 2 diabetes: A machine learning approach
Authors: Pedersen Sasja Maria , Damslund Nicolai , Kjær Trine , Olsen Kim Rose 
Published: February 2025

Background
Chronic disease monitoring programs often adopt a one-size-fits-all approach that does not consider variation in need, potentially leading to excessive or insufficient support for patients at different risk levels. Machine learning (ML) developments offer new opportunities for personalised medicine in clinical practice.

Objective
To demonstrate the potential of ML to guide resource allocation and tailored disease management, this study aims to predict the optimal testing interval for monitoring blood glucose (HbA1c) for patients with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). We examine fairness across income and education levels and evaluate the risk of false-positives and false-negatives.

Data
Danish administrative registers are linked with national clinical databases. Our population consists of all T2D patients from 2015-2018, a sample of more than 57,000. Data contains patient-level clinical measures, healthcare utilisation, medicine, and socio-demographics.

Methods
We classify HbA1c test intervals into four categories (3, 6, 9, and 12 months) using three classification algorithms: logistic regression, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost). Feature importance is assessed with SHAP model explanations on the best-performing model, which was XGBoost. A training set comprising 80% of the data is used to predict optimal test intervals, with 20% reserved for testing. Cross-validation is employed to enhance the model’s reliability and reduce overfitting. Model performance is evaluated using ROC-AUC, and optimal intervals are determined based on a “time-to-next-positive-test” concept, with different durations associated with specific intervals.

Results
The model exhibits varying predictive accuracy, with AUC scores ranging from 0.53 to 0.89 across different test intervals. We find significant potential to free resources by prolonging the test interval for well-controlled patients. The fairness metric suggests models perform well in terms of equality. There is a sizeable risk of false negatives (predicting longer intervals than optimal), which requires attention.

Conclusions
We demonstrate the potential to use ML in personalised diabetes management by assisting physicians in categorising patients by testing frequencies. Clinical validation on diverse patient populations is needed to assess the model’s performance in real-world settings.
A Potential-Robust WG Finite Element Method for the Maxwell Equations on Tetrahedral Meshes
Authors: Nie Yufeng , Ye Xiu , Zhang Shangyou 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A potential-robust WG (weak Galerkin) method is introduced for the Maxwell equations. We obtain potential/magnetic-permeability independent error estimates. Optimal-order convergence rates are proved in both the energy norm and the

L
2

{L^{2}}

norm. Numerical examples verify the theory.
Influence of siloxane content on the material performance and functional properties of polydimethylsiloxane copolymers containing naphthalene moieties
Authors: Kamble Riddhi , Ghanti Bholanath , Badri Rahul , Banerjee Susanta 
Published: February 2025

Graphical abstract
Poly(imide siloxane) exhibits good thermal and mechanical properties with enhanced flexibility and hydrophobicity.
The Impact of COVID-19 on Real Estate Markets in Germany
Authors: Beze Eyayaw , Thiel Patrick 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted established urban patterns. The literature on the impact of the pandemic on the US housing market has shown a significant increase in the demand for suburban housing, resulting in a considerable increase in suburban prices compared to those in the city center (termed the “donut effect”). However, the German housing market did not experience such drastic changes. To examine price and rent adjustments during the pandemic, we analyze detailed housing data and find little evidence supporting the donut effect seen in the US. Apartment rents increase in suburban areas, while house prices do not change significantly. Examining the role of amenities, we find no explanation for price and rent differences between the central business district (CBD) and suburbs. The differences between the two markets may be attributed to cultural and structural distinctions. Our analysis, which includes data on population patterns and migration behavior, reveals that residents in Germany exhibit a slower-moving trend. Our findings remain robust across different settings and subsets of cities.