bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A gamified social robotics platform for intensive therapies in neurorehabilitation
Authors: Pulido José Carlos , Fuentetaja Raquel , García Enrique , García Melania , Abuín Vanesa , González José Carlos , Iglesias Ana , Fernández Fernando 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe use of social assistive robots for interactive stimulation has strong potential in neurorehabilitation therapies. It is of particular interest in the case of pediatric patients to promote children’s motivation and adherence, specially when those robots are able of guide gamified activities, as it is the case of NAOTherapist. NAOTherapist is a Social Assistive Robotics (SAR) platform for hands-off rehabilitation based on upper-limb activities, that was originally designed for pediatric patients with Cerebral Palsy (CP) or Obstetric Braxial Plexus Palsy (OBPP). Formerly, it endowed the therapists with tools to perform rehabilitation exercises. This paper proposes the gamification of NAOTherapist in order to incorporate additional characteristics which allow its intensive use in new rehabilitation procedures, such as the Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy (HABIT). This intensive therapy setting involves daily activities in several consecutive days, which require a strong engagement of the patients with the therapeutic methods and the acceptation of the NAOTherapist as a rehabilitation system. The gamified system shows very accurate results considering the different aspects defined in the USUS methodology; namely Usability, Social acceptance, User experience and Societal impact.
A Toolkit for Delirium Identification and Promoting Partnerships Between Carers and Nurses: A Pilot Pre–Post Feasibility Study
Authors: Aggar Christina , Craswell Alison , Bail Kasia , Compton Roslyn M. , Hughes Mark , Sorwar Golam , Baker James , Greenhill Jennene , Shinners Lucy , Nichols Belinda , Langheim Rachel , Wallis Allison , Bowen Karen , Bridgett Hazel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Delirium is frightening for people experiencing it and their carers, and it is the most common hospital-acquired complication worldwide. Delirium is associated with higher rates of morbidity, mortality, residential care home admission, dementia, and carer stress and burden, yet strategies to embed the prevention and management of delirium as part of standard hospital care remain challenging. Carers are well placed to recognize subtle changes indicative of delirium, and partner with nurses in the prevention and management of delirium.

Objective
To evaluate a Prevention & Early Delirium Identification Carer Toolkit (PREDICT), to support partnerships between carers and nurses to prevent and manage delirium.

Design
A pre–post-test intervention and observation study.

Main Measures
Changes in carer knowledge of delirium; beliefs about their role in partnering with nurses and intended and actual use of PREDICT; carer burden and psychological distress. Secondary measures were rates of delirium.

Participants
Participants were carers of Indigenous patients aged 45 years and older and non-Indigenous patients aged 65 years and older.

Intervention
Nurses implemented PREDICT, with a view to provide carers with information about delirium and strategies to address caregiving stress and burden.

Key Results
Participants included 25 carers (43% response rate) (n = 17, 68% female) aged 29–88 (M = 65, SD = 17.7 years). Carer delirium knowledge increased significantly from pre-to-post intervention (p =  < .001; CI 2.07–4.73). Carers’ intent and actual use of PREDICT was (n = 18, 72%; and n = 17, 68%). Carer burden and psychological distress did not significantly change. The incidence of delirium in the intervention ward although not significant, decreased, indicating opportunity for scaling up.

Conclusion
The prevention and management of delirium are imperative for safe and quality care for patients, carers, and staff. Further comprehensive and in-depth research is required to better understand underlying mechanisms of change and explore facets of nursing practice influenced by this innovative approach.
In Situ Analysis of Stress and Microstructure Evolution during Welding of High-Alloy Steels Using Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Diffraction
Authors: Hempel Nico , Nitschke-Pagel Thomas , Klaus Manuela , Apel Daniel , Genzel Christoph , Dilger Klaus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractConstrained thermal expansion and contraction during welding cause a compression-tension cycle and plastic deformation in the heat-affected zone, leading to work hardening. The nature of this hardening effect—isotropic or kinematic—determines the final local yield stress and thus affects the residual stress state. Therefore, mechanical hardening must be modeled correctly in welding simulations for accurately predicting welding residual stresses. Previous studies, relying on comparisons with experimental ex situ results, led to different recommendations regarding the choice of the hardening model and thus require clarification. In this work, the stress evolution in the heat-affected zone of a tungsten inert gas weld is studied in situ using energy-dispersive x-ray diffraction and a novel method of stress analysis based on crystallite anisotropy. Additionally, microstructural information is gathered through line profile analysis. Results are shown for both austenitic and ferritic high-alloy steels and compared to ex-situ results including a validation of the new method of stress analysis. Finally, conclusions on the nature of work hardening are drawn.
Many-option collective decision making: discrete collective estimation in large decision spaces
Authors: Shan Qihao , Mostaghim Sanaz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCollective consensus forming in spatially distributed systems is a challenging task. In previous literature, multi-option consensus-forming scenarios, with the number of options being smaller or equal to the number of agents, have been well studied. However, many well-performing decision-making strategies on a few options suffer from scalability when the number of options increases, especially for many-option scenarios with significantly more options than agents. In this paper, we investigate the viabilities of discrete decision-making strategies with ranked voting (RV) and belief fusion (DBBS) decision mechanisms in many-option scenarios with large decision spaces compared to the number of agents. We test the investigated strategies on an expanded discrete collective estimation scenario where the decision space can be expanded using two factors: a higher number of environmental features and/or finer decision space discretization. We have used a continuous collective consensus forming strategy, linear consensus protocol (LCP), as a baseline. Our experimental results have shown that, although susceptible to environmental influences, discrete decision-making strategies can reliably outperform those of LCP in terms of error and convergence time at the tested sizes of decision space. We have also shown that the two factors that lead to the expansion of the decision space have different impacts on performances for both RV and DBBS strategies, due to differences in the correlations between the discrete options. When facing a higher number of features, both discrete strategies experience a smaller error and a significant increase in decision time, while a finer decision space discretization has a negative influence on all considered metrics.
Evolving Applications of Echocardiography in the Evaluation of Left Atrial and Right Ventricular Strain
Authors: Serafin Adam , Kosmala Wojciech , Marwick Thomas H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) can assess myocardial motion in non-LV chambers—including assessment of left atrial (LA) and right ventricular (RV) strain. This review seeks to highlight the diagnostic, prognostic, and clinical significance of these parameters in heart failure, atrial fibrillation (AF), diastolic dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension (PH), tricuspid regurgitation, and heart transplant recipients.

Recent Findings
Impaired LA strain reflects worse LV diastolic function in individuals with and without HF, and this is associated with decreased exercise capacity. Initiating treatments targeting these functional aspects may enhance exercise capacity and potentially prevent heart failure (HF). Impaired LA strain also identifies patients with a high risk of AF, and this recognition may lead to preventive strategies. Impaired RV strain has significant clinical and prognostic implications across various clinical scenarios, including HF, PH, tricuspid regurgitation, or in heart transplant recipients.

Summary
STE should not be limited to the assessment of deformation of the LV myocardium. The use of LA and RV strain is supported by a substantial evidence base, and these parameters should be used more widely.
Foaming Properties and Foam Structure of Milk Determined by Its Protein Content and Protein to Fat Ratio
Authors: Ho Thao M. , Xiong Xiaoying , Bhandari Bhesh R. , Bansal Nidhi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMilk proteins, integral to stable foam production, exhibit seasonal and type-dependent variations. Understanding the impact of protein levels with and without fat on foaming properties is essential for selecting suitable milk types and controlling the foaming process. In this study, we employed steam injection and mechanical mixing to assess foamability, foam stability, and foam structure of (1) reconstituted skim milk powder dispersions (1.5–15% solids concentration, corresponding to 0.5–5.0% protein), (2) reconstituted whole milk powder and commercial whole milk dispersions (0.5% protein), and (3) whole milk with added skim milk powder and milk protein concentrate (3.5 and 4% protein) and butter milk powder (0.5 and 1% total solid content). Results reveal that increasing solids concentration from 1.5 to 15% significantly increased lactose content, viscosity, and surface tension. However, these changes did not impact foamability or foam stability, while slightly decreasing air bubble size. At 0.5% protein, skim milk powder dispersions demonstrated higher foam volume (16 times greater) and more stable foam compared to reconstituted whole milk powder and whole milk dispersions, despite similar foam structure and appearance. These findings emphasize the substantial influence of the protein/fat ratio on milk’s foaming properties. Additionally, the addition of skim milk powder, milk protein concentrate, or butter milk powder at the investigated content did not affect the foaming properties of whole milk.
Base Editors-Mediated Gene Therapy in Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Hematologic Diseases
Authors: Zhang Chengpeng , Xu Jinchao , Wu Yikang , Xu Can , Xu Peng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBase editors, developed from the CRISPR/Cas system, consist of components such as deaminase and Cas variants. Since their emergence in 2016, the precision, efficiency, and safety of base editors have been gradually optimized. The feasibility of using base editors in gene therapy has been demonstrated in several disease models. Compared with the CRISPR/Cas system, base editors have shown great potential in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and HSC-based gene therapy, because they do not generate double-stranded breaks (DSBs) while achieving the precise realization of single-base substitutions. This precise editing mechanism allows for the permanent correction of genetic defects directly at their source within HSCs, thus promising a lasting therapeutic effect. Recent advances in base editors are expected to significantly increase the number of clinical trials for HSC-based gene therapies. In this review, we summarize the development and recent progress of DNA base editors, discuss their applications in HSC gene therapy, and highlight the prospects and challenges of future clinical stem cell therapies.
Graphical Abstract
Mindfulness, Phenomenology, and Psychological Science
Authors: Lundh Lars-Gunnar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMost present-day research on mindfulness treats mindfulness as a variable that is studied in relation to other variables. Although this research may provide us with important knowledge at the population level and mechanism level, it contributes little to our understanding of the phenomenon of mindfulness as it is experienced and enacted at the person level. The present paper takes a person-oriented phenomenological perspective on mindfulness, comparing this perspective with that of von Fircks’ (2023). In a first part of the paper, mindfulness is discussed as a phenomenological practice that can be studied by means of experimental phenomenology. It is argued that there is room for the development of an immense variety of personalized mindfulness practices that may serve people’s health and well-being. The second part of the paper contains a brief discussion of the possible role of mindful observation and reflection in psychological research. It is argued that mindfulness skills may be important both for improving the quality of phenomenological observation and to facilitate creative thinking in connection with the development of psychological theory. A main implication is that an integration between mindfulness and phenomenology may serve as an important part of this process.
Finding an autonomous path to positive change: a self-determination theory view of daily change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior
Authors: Zampetakis Leonidas A. , Arvanitis Alexios 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study investigates the relationship between employee daily social and temporal comparison and positive change in the form of change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (OCB-CH). Using insights from self-determination theory, social comparison theory and the two-facet model of authentic and hubristic pride, we tested two distinct process models in this relationship, namely an autonomous and a controlled path. The autonomous path represents the expression of intrinsic growth tendencies relating to prosociality, creativity and healthy emotion regulation. We hypothesized that this expression is instigated by the experience of growth denoted by favorable, downward temporal comparisons and leads to authentic, rather than hubristic, pride. Subsequently, proceeding through the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, the path eventually leads to OCB-CH. Participants from various occupational sectors (N=68) responded to a daily diary questionnaire (N=340) at the end of each of five working days. Multilevel mediational analyses supported the autonomous path: on days when employees perceived themselves as engaging in more downward temporal comparison, they were more likely to engage in OCB-CH via the experience of authentic pride and satisfaction of the basic psychological needs. These findings expand self-determination theory by revealing why downward temporal comparison information fosters proactive behaviors within organizational contexts in general and the initiation of positive change in the form of OCB-CH in particular.
Low sadness and high happiness facial prevalence to others' suffering in intimate partner violence against women perpetrators: influence of emotional decoding deficits
Authors: Comes-Fayos J. , Romero-Martínez A. , Lila M. , Martínez M. , Moya-Albiol L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn aligned facial response to others' emotions has been linked to adaptive social interactions. Interestingly, maladjusted emotional response has been recognized as a significant risk factor for intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW). However, the facial response of IPVAW perpetrators to others' negative emotions remains unclear. The present study analyzes the emotional facial response, as well as self-reported emotions, of IPVAW perpetrators (n = 55) compared to controls (n = 48) during a violence-focused empathic induction task using the "FaceReader" facial coding software. Additionally, we explored the emotional decoding influence on their emotional facial responsiveness. Compared to controls, IPVAW perpetrators exhibited a lower prevalence of sadness facial expression and a higher prevalence of happiness facial expressions during the task, along with reduced self-reported emotionality. Coherently, the lower the sadness facial expression, the lower the self-reported sadness and tenderness. Finally, poorer emotional decoding and belonging to the IPVAW group explained the lower prevalence of sadness and higher prevalence of happiness facial expressions. Our findings provide further evidence supporting a distinctive emotional response pattern to others’ suffering in IPVAW perpetrators. This study provides a promising direction to address the IPVAW occurrence by treating relevant socioaffective deficits, such as emotional responsiveness or emotional decoding.
Real-time identification and visualization of Egyptian blue using modified night vision goggles
Authors: Nicola Marco , Gobetto Roberto , Bazzacco Alessandro , Anselmi Chiara , Ferraris Enrico , Russo Alfonsina , Masic Admir , Sgamellotti Antonio 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe possibility to use light in the visible spectrum to induce near-infrared luminescence in some materials, particularly Egyptian blue and related pigments, offers a significant advantage in terms of their detection. Since 2008, this property has been exploited to reveal the presence of those pigments even in tiny amounts on ancient and decayed surfaces, using a technical-photography method. This paper presents a new type of imaging device that enables real-time, easy, and inexpensive identification and mapping of Egyptian blue and related materials. The potential of the new tool is demonstrated by its effectiveness in detecting Egyptian blue within some prestigious sites: (a) Egyptian findings at Museo Egizio, Turin; (b) underground Roman frescoes at Domus Aurea, Rome; and (c) Renaissance frescoes by Raphael, Triumph of Galatea and Loggia of Cupid and Psyche, at Villa Farnesina, Rome. The device is based on night vision technology and allows an unprecedented fast, versatile, and user-friendly approach. It is employable by professionals including archeologists, conservators, and conservation scientists, as well as by untrained individuals such as students or tourists at museums and sites. The overall aim is not to replace existing photographic techniques but to develop a tool that enables rapid preliminary recognition, useful for planning the work to be carried out with conventional methods. The ability to immediately track Egyptian blue and related pigments, through real-time vision, photos, and videos, also provides a new kind of immersive experience (Blue Vision) and can foster the modern use of these materials in innovative applications and future technologies.
Maize Aspergillus section Flavi isolate diversity may be distinct from that of soil and subsequently the source of aflatoxin contamination
Authors: Katati Bwalya , Kovács Stan , Njapau Henry , Kachapulula Paul W. , Zwaan Bas J. , van Diepeningen Anne D. , Schoustra Sijmen E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAspergillus section Flavi (Flavi) is a diverse group of fungal species whose common members include A. flavus and A. parasiticus. These are well-known for the production of aflatoxin (AF) B and G and other toxic metabolites, like cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). They are saprophytic soil dwellers and also become crop opportunistic epiphytes. The consequence is contamination of the crop with mycotoxins, such as carcinogenic AF. We investigated the Flavi community structure of maize and that of their surrounding soil, including their mycotoxigenicity. Furthermore, we investigated the link of the maize Flavi diversity with preharvest maize AF levels. The study was carried out in four selected districts of Zambia, in a low rainfall zone. The Flavi characterisation was triphasic, involving morphological (colony colour and sclerotia formation), metabolic (AF and CPA production) and genetic (calmodulin gene polymorphism) analyses. Flavi abundance was determined by dilution plate technique on modified rose Bengal agar. Results showed that Flavi communities on maize and in soil differed. Maize had a higher Flavi species diversity than soil. A. parasiticus dominated the soil community by frequency of field appearance (85%), while maize was dominated by A. minisclerotigenes (45%). CPA-producers with or without AF production dominated the maize (65%) while producers of only AF (B/G) dominated the soil (88%). The ratio between maize A. parasiticus and A. minisclerotigenes abundance seemed to have had a bearing on the levels of AF in maize, with a ratio close to 1:1 having higher levels than a pure community of either A. parasiticus or A. minisclerotigenes.
Satellite design optimization for differential lift and drag applications
Authors: Marianowski Claudia , Traub Constantin , Pfeiffer Marcel , Beyer Julian , Fasoulas Stefanos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Utilizing differential atmospheric forces in the very low earth orbits (VLEO) regime for the control of the relative motion within a satellite formation is a promising option as any thrusting device has significant impact on system design due to the limited weight and size restrictions of small satellites. One possible approach to increase the available accelerations caused by the atmosphere is to reduce the mass of the respective satellites as well as to increase the available surface area. However, satellites of these characteristics suffer from rapid orbital decay and consequently have a reduced service lifetime. Therefore, achieving higher control forces is in contradiction to achieving a minimum orbital decay of the satellites, which currently represents one of the biggest challenges in the VLEO regime. In this article, the geometry of a given reference satellite, a 3UCubeSat, is optimized under the consideration of different surface material properties for differential lift and drag control applications while simultaneously ensuring a sustained VLEO operation. It is worth noting that both the consideration of sustainability as well as the optimization with regard to differential lift are new in literature. It was shown that the advantageous geometries strongly depend on the type of gas–surface interaction and thus, two different final designs, one for each extreme type, are presented. In both cases, improvements in all relevant parameters could be achieved solely via geometry adaptions.