bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of principal component analysis for the assimilation of high‐resolution infrared sounder observations for numerical weather prediction
Authors: Collard A. D. , McNally A. P. , Hilton F. I. , Healy S. B. , Atkinson N. C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMethodologies are discussed for the efficient representation of observations from high‐resolution infrared sounders for the purposes of assimilation into numerical weather prediction models. The use of principal component analysis is explored and it is noted that, while the available information in the observations is stored efficiently, the non‐locality of the Jacobians that arise may cause practical problems in an operational assimilation system. Reconstructing radiance spectra from the principal components appears to be a more realistic approach in the near term. However, initial experiments with reconstructed radiances do not appear to give significant improvements in forecast skill above that already demonstrated with the current use of advanced sounder data. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown Copyright.
Shaking table model test and numerical analysis of a supertall building with high‐level transfer storey
Authors: Lu Xilin , Chen Yue , Mao Yuanjun 
Published: November 2010

SUMMARYThe seismic behaviour of a 53‐storey tower with the height of 250 m is investigated in this paper. This supertall building is composed of a reinforced core, two outrigger trusses (a strengthened storey at 20th ∼ 21st floor and a high‐level transfer storey at 37th ∼ 38th floor) and eight composite (steel‐encased concrete) mega‐columns below the high‐level transfer storey in the exterior perimeter of the building. Due to the discontinuity of the eight composite mega‐columns, they are replaced by 33 upper‐close columns at the 37th ∼ 38th level. This paper describes tests performed on a 1/30 scaled model of the building to study its dynamic characteristics and to evaluate its earthquake resistant capacity. The model test results indicate that the prototype structure is able to withstand an earthquake of intensity 7 without severe damage. In addition, a 3D finite element analysis of model structure was carried out and the analytical results were compared with the experimental ones to gain a better understanding of the structural behaviour. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation and management of urinary incontinence in men
Authors: Mangera Altaf , Chapple Christopher 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMale urinary incontinence can be an embarrassing and debilitating condition. Management should be based on the type of incontinence and level of bother experienced. The authors provide an algorithm to assess, categorise and manage male patients with urinary incontinence. Copyright © 2010 Wiley Interface Ltd
Effect of maternal betamethasone on fetal and uteroplacental blood flow velocity waveforms
Authors: Thuring A. , Malcus P. , Maršál K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the effects of antenatal betamethasone on fetal and uteroplacental hemodynamics.MethodsThe study comprised 33 women with singleton high‐risk pregnancies (23–33 weeks; 27 pregnancies < 30 weeks) not in labor, but at risk for preterm delivery based on fetal or maternal indications. They were treated with two doses of 12 mg betamethasone intramuscularly 24 h apart to enhance fetal lung maturity. Flow velocity waveforms were recorded with Doppler ultrasound from the umbilical artery, the fetal middle cerebral artery, the ductus venosus and both maternal uterine arteries, once before and twice after betamethasone administration.ResultsTwenty‐one (64%) women delivered within 4 days, nine (27%) women within 5–7 days and three (9%) within 8–15 days after the first dose of betamethasone. Two days after betamethasone, a decrease in pulsatility index was found in the umbilical artery (P = 0.0002) and ductus venosus (P = 0.003). Changes in the umbilical artery waveform from reversed to absent, and from absent to positive diastolic flow, were noted in 12 of 15 cases (P < 0.01). After 4 days, umbilical artery and ductus venosus velocity waveforms in the undelivered fetuses either returned to the type of waveform observed before treatment or showed further deterioration. No significant effects of betamethasone were observed in the fetal middle cerebral artery and uteroplacental circulation.ConclusionsMaternal antenatal betamethasone resulted in a significant transient change in the velocity waveform and a decrease in the pulsatility index in the umbilical artery and ductus venosus, but did not influence uteroplacental circulation. These findings indicate a direct effect of betamethasone on fetal circulation. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neurodevelopmental outcome following prenatal diagnosis of an isolated anomaly of the corpus callosum
Authors: Mangione R. , Fries N. , Godard P. , Capron C. , Mirlesse V. , Lacombe D. , Duyme M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the ability of prenatal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to diagnose isolated anomalies of the corpus callosum (ACC) and to further document the long‐term prognosis following diagnosis.MethodsThis was a prospective case–control study carried out between 1999 and 2004. Diagnosis was made by a combination of ultrasound and MRI. All infants were examined by a neuropediatrician and parents consented to answer questionnaires (CDI, Ireton's Child Developmental Inventory) in 22 cases, which were matched with 44 control infants. The CDI was used to assess neurodevelopmental outcome in cases and controls. Mean DQ‐CDI (development quotient calculated from CDI) values and frequencies of abnormal results were compared between groups, and a meta‐analysis of previous studies was performed.ResultsThe diagnosis of ACC was made prenatally and confirmed postnatally in 175 cases. The diagnosis was thought to be isolated ACC in 88/175 (50%) cases. Sixty of these 88 cases (68%) underwent termination of pregnancy and one died in utero. Twenty‐seven were liveborn, of which 26 were followed up for a median of 50 (range, 30–74) months. Additional anomalies were diagnosed postnatally in four (15%) of these 26 neonates. The control group was significantly better (P < 0.05) compared with the cases diagnosed prenatally with isolated ACC with respect to gross motor, fine motor, language comprehension, numbers and general development, and it was marginally better for letters (P = 0.066). Seven of 26 (27%) (95% CI, 13–46%) infants with ACC over the age of 30 months had neurodevelopmental delay, compared with only one case with borderline developmental delay among the 44 controls (P = 0.006).ConclusionPrenatal diagnosis of ACC by a combination of ultrasound and MRI is reliable. However, the isolated nature of the anomaly could only be assessed in 85% of our cases. Since counseling is provided at the time of prenatal diagnosis, our population of isolated ACC included the cases that were missed prenatally as being ACC with associated anomalies. A meta‐analysis of nine studies suggests that the development of children diagnosed prenatally with isolated ACC is normal in up to 70% (CI 95%, 56–83%) of cases. This means that the prospective risk of neurodevelopmental delay for a fetus with ACC described as isolated prenatally is 27%, compared with 15% for an infant whose diagnosis of isolated ACC is confirmed postnatally. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Design patterns as aspects: A quantitative assessment
Authors: Sant’Anna Cláudio , Garcia Alessandro , Kulesza Uirá , Lucena Carlos , von Staa Arndt 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDesign patterns offer flexible solutions to common problems in software development. Recent studies have shown that several design patterns involve crosscutting concerns. Unfortunately, object-oriented (OO) abstractions are often not able to modularize those crosscutting concerns, which in turn decrease the system reusability and maintainability. Hence, it is important verifying whether aspect-oriented approaches support improved modularization of crosscutting concerns relative to design patterns. Ideally, quantitative studies should be performed to compare object-oriented and aspect-oriented implementations of classical patterns with respect to important software engineering attributes, such as coupling and cohesion. This paper presents a quantitative study that compares aspect-based and OO solutions for a representative set of design patterns. We have used stringent software engineering attributes as the assessment criteria. We have found that most aspect-oriented solutions improve separation of pattern-related concerns, although some aspect-oriented implementations of specific patterns resulted in higher coupling and more lines of code.
Analyzing requirements of knowledge management systems with the support of agent organizations
Authors: Guizzardi Renata S. S. , Perini Anna 
Published: November 2010

AbstractKnowledge Management (KM) is considered by many organizations a key aspect in sustaining competi-tive advantage. Designing appropriate KM process and enabling technology face considerable risks, as they must be shaped to respond to specific needs of the organizational environment. Thus, many systems are abandoned or fall into disuse because of inadequate understanding of the organizational context. This motivates current research, which tends to propose agent organizations as a useful paradigm for KM systems engineering. Following these approaches, organizations are analyzed as collective systems, composed of several agents, each of them autonomously producing and managing their own local data according to their own logic, needs, and interpreta-tive schema, i.e. their goals and beliefs. These agents interact and coordinate for goal achievement defining a coherent local knowledge system. This paper presents a novel methodology for analyzing the requirements of a KM system based on an iterative workflow where a pivotal role is played by agent-oriented modeling. Within this approach, the needs for KM systems are traced back to the organization stakeholders goals. A case study is used to illustrate the methodology. The relationship of this work with current studies in agent organizations and organizational knowledge management is also discussed. Differently from other works, this methodology aims at offering a practical guideline to the analyst, pointing out the appropriate abstractions to be used in the different phases of the analysis.
An information retrieval application using ontologies
Authors: Paz-Trillo Christian , Wassermann Renata , Braga Paula P. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSearching for information in long videos can be a time-consuming experience. In this paper, we describe OnAIR, an ontology-aided information retrieval system applied to retrieve clips from video collections.We used a video collection compiled from interviews with Ana Teixeira, a Brazilian artist. The interviews were made by Paula P. Braga, the domain expert. The interview is developed in the domain of contemporary art and the system uses a domain ontology to expand the queries with related terms. We tested the system with a battery of queries, and we veri.ed that the ontology contributes to the e.ciency improvement in terms of the relevance of retrieved documents. We designed the system to work in a domain-independent way, allowing us to move to other domains by just changing the underlying ontologies and video collections.
Materials for refining the stratigraphic chart of the Berriasian–Lower Aptian in West Siberia with regard to the clinoform subsurface structure
Authors: Borodkin V.N. , Kurchikov A.R. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
In light of the new clinoform model of the Neocomian, introduced at the last stratigraphic meeting, it is suggested to distinguish clinoform units instead of formations in the clinoform zone. Formations (12 in number) remain only west of the central part of the Neocomian basin (east-dipping clinoforms). In the eastern and southeastern parts of the basin, all the formations beyond the clinoform zone, which consist mostly of continental sediments, should be united into the Ust’-Taz Group.
Rb/Sr isotope studies of Cretaceous granitoids in the central Chukchi region: correctness of geochronological interpretation of results
Authors: Efremov S.V. , Dril’ S.I. , Sandimirova G.P. , Sandimirov I.V. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The validity of the Rb/Sr isotopic ages of Cretaceous granitoid complex in the central Chukchi region has been verified. The performed studies showed that the Rb/Sr isotopic ages of late-orogenic granitoids are not reliable. Their variation can be explained in terms of the mixing of primary mantle magmas with continental-crust matter. Most probably, the variation is due to the constant compositions of mixing components and their proportions.
A logging method for estimating permeability, velocity of second compressional wave, and electroacoustic constant in electrolyte-saturated porous formations
Authors: Dorovsky V.N. , Nefedkin Yu.A. , Fedorov A.I. , Podberezhnyy M.Yu. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
A new algorithm is suggested for joint calculation of three key parameters of reservoir rocks: permeability, electroacoustic constant, and velocity of second bulk compressional wave (slow wave). The algorithm is advantageous in the use of Stoneley waves which are most stable in acoustoelectric log waveform data.
Sedimentation in Proval Bay (Lake Baikal) after earthquake-induced subsidence of part of the Selenga River delta
Authors: Vologina E.G. , Kalugin I.A. , Osukhovskaya Yu.N. , Sturm M. , Ignatova N.V. , Radziminovich Ya.B. , Dar’in A.V. , Kuz’min M.I. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The paper presents the results of a comprehensive investigation into the recent sediments of Proval Bay. This bay formed during catastrophic flooding of a big block of land as a result of an earthquake in 1862. Comparison of the sketch map of the bay for 1862 with its modern map shows that the boundary of the Selenga River delta has shifted considerably eastward. The sediments of Proval Bay are sands, silty pelite, and pelitic silt. Terrigenous material is predominant and consists of mineral grains and land plant remains, admixed with diatom frustules and sponge spicules. In the southwestern part of the bay, turbidites and a soil layer have been found. The latter was buried when the water level in Lake Baikal rose after the construction of the Irkutsk dam in 1959–1964. In the northeastern part of the bay, a peatlike layer has been found in the bottom sediment core. It formed in Lake Beloe, which existed in the Tsagan steppe before the 1862 earthquake. According to diatom analysis, this lake was shallow and eutrophic. The sedimentation rates in different parts of Proval Bay differ greatly and directly depend on proximity to the Selenga River. Variations in the geochemical indicators which reflect the ratio of organic to clastic components in the bottom sediments of the bay are controlled by temperature and water level variations in Lake Baikal.
Geographical distribution of cercarial dermatitis in Norway
Authors: Soleng A. , Mehl R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBird schistosomes can cause a disease called cercarial dermatitis, or swimmer's itch, in humans. The disease occurs when people have direct contact with fresh water or sea water containing the free-swimming cercariae of the flukes. The symptoms are well known, and include intense itching, maculae, papulae, urticariae and, in some cases, local oedema with enlarged lymph nodes and fever. In this study, we present the geographical distribution of freshwater cercarial dermatitis in Norway. The study is based on random reports obtained from both individuals and physicians treating patients with itching skin rash after freshwater bathing. The first case of cercarial dermatitis in Norway was reported in 1980 and was traced to a lake near Trondheim in the central part of Norway. In the following years, an increasing number of cases were reported, especially in southern Norway. However, case reports are distributed almost all over the country, even from lakes in northern Norway. As far as we know, these are the northernmost case reports in Europe. So far, only one fluke species (Trichobilharzia franki) from a single infected snail (Radixauricularia) has been identified in Norway. However, unidentified schistosomatid ocellate cercariae have been found on several occasions in snails collected from six lakes where swimmer's itch is frequently reported. Future studies should be performed to identify the fluke species, as well as the most important snail and bird hosts, in Norwegian lakes.
Contemporary management of congenital malformations of the heart in infants with Ellis – van Creveld syndrome: a report of nine cases
Authors: O’Connor Matthew J. , Rider Nicholas L. , Thomas Collins R. , Hanna Brian D. , Holmes Morton D. , Strauss Kevin A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIntroductionEllis – van Creveld syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder manifest by short-limb dwarfism, thoracic dystrophy, postaxial polydactyly, dysplastic nails and teeth, and an approximately 60% incidence of congenital malformations of the heart. Despite patients with Ellis – van Creveld syndrome being regarded as having a high surgical risk, few data are available regarding their outcomes following surgery for congenital malformations of the heart in the current era.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective report, we summarise the clinical observations and outcomes of nine infants with Ellis – van Creveld syndrome who underwent surgery for congenital malformations of the heart between 2004 and 2009.ResultsWe identified 15 patients with Ellis – van Creveld syndrome during the study period; 11 (73%) had haemodynamically significant congenital malformations of the heart warranting surgery. In two of these patients, surgery was not performed. Of the nine patients who underwent surgery, all of whom were infants, eight (89%) had various forms of an atrioventricular septal defect and one patient (11%) had hypoplastic left heart syndrome (mitral and aortic atresia). Among the nine patients who underwent surgery, four (44%) died at a median of 102 days with a range of 25–149 days post-operatively, mostly from respiratory failure. Respiratory morbidity was seen in all surviving patients, of whom three underwent tracheostomy.ConclusionsSurgery for congenital malformations of the heart can be successful in infants with Ellis – van Creveld syndrome, but mortality is high and post-operative respiratory morbidity should be expected.
Characterising intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) software following upgrades in a commercial treatment planning system
Authors: McGarry Connor , O’Toole Monica , Cosgrove Vivian 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWhen upgrading treatment planning software, it is important to understand and characterise any changes that may have been made to the system. This includes inverse treatment planning and dose optimisation software used for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). A systematic and practical approach to characterising dose optimisation software following upgrades is presented based on a planning study of six IMRT prostate cases using the commercial treatment planning system Oncentra Masterplan (OMP). Upgrades included general changes in the fluence to multileaf collimator (MLC) segmentation algorithm, a change from a two-step to a one-step optimisation method and an upgrade of the dose calculation algorithm. Post upgrade changes in plan parameters such as calculation times, monitor units, segments and target doses were analysed. A 32% reduction in total calculated monitor units was observed following the general software upgrade. A smaller 12% reduction was observed when using the optional one-step optimisation method rather than a two-step process using a classic dose calculation algorithm. An increase in monitor units of approximately 12% was observed when changing to an enhanced dose calculation algorithm. The enhanced dose calculation algorithm accounted for MLC type, leakage and source size unlike the previous classic dose calculation algorithm. Differences in dose to volumes between fluence segmentation and final dose calculation varied between versions. These differences were found to be minimal for the most recent treatment planning system version. Repeatability tests revealed a more effective use of the system. The characterisation of the effects of treatment planning software upgrades allowed a better appreciation of IMRT planning and delivery attributes. Although this work is based on one commercial inverse treatment planning system, it would be easily transferable to other systems as the underlying system principles are the same.
Comparison of verification accuracy and radiation dose between megavoltage CT and kilovoltage cone-beam CT
Authors: Wu Vincent W.C. , Ho M.L. , Yuen L.Y. , Li K.L. , Lai N.F. , Tsang Y.C. , Lee W.Y. , Chiu G. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPurpose: This study evaluated the difference in verification performance and organ doses between megavoltage computed tomography (MVCT) and kilovoltage cone-beam computed tomography (kV CBCT).Methods: Anthropomorphic phantoms of head-and-neck (H&N) and pelvic regions were scanned by the computed tomography–simulator. A common reference standard setup position for each phantom was determined. Markings of known deviations from the standard position in the lateral, longitudinal and yaw displacements were made on the phantoms. The verifications by kV CBCT and MVCT were conducted in the linear accelerator and helical tomotherapy treatment unit respectively. The phantoms were then shifted in steps according to the assigned different degree of positional deviations. The discrepancy between the detected data and the known data (δD) indicated the detection error of the verification system. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were used for dose measurements of kV CBCT and MVCT.Results: δD of the lateral translations and yaw rotation in kV CBCT of the H&N region were lower than MVCT. There were no differences in the error detection along longitudinal direction between the two verification methods. For H&N, the mean doses of the various organs were significantly lower in kV CBCT except the skin. For the pelvis, MVCT delivered significantly higher mean dose to the prostate and femoral heads.