bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staging of multivessel percutaneous coronary interventions: An expert consensus statement from the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions
Authors: Blankenship James C. , Moussa Issam D. , Chambers Charles C. , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Haldis Thomas A. , Morrison Douglas A. , Dehmer Gregory J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPercutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) to treat multivessel coronary artery disease (MVCAD) may involve single‐vessel or multivessel interventions, performed in one or more stages. This consensus statement reviews factors that may influence choice of strategy and includes six recommendations to guide decisions regarding staging of PCI [1]. Every patient who undergoes PCI should receive optimal therapy for coronary disease, ideally before starting the procedure [2]. Multivessel PCI at the time of diagnostic catheterization should be considered only if informed consent included the risks and benefits of multivessel PCI and the risks and benefits of alternative treatments [3]. When considering multivessel PCI, the interventionist should develop a strategy regarding which stenoses to treat or evaluate, and their order, method, and timing. This strategy should maximize patient benefits, minimize patient risk, and consider the factors described in this article [4]. For planned multivessel PCI, additional vessel(s) should be treated only if the first vessel is treated successfully and if anticipated contrast and radiation doses and patient and operator conditions are favorable [5]. After the first stage of the planned multistage PCI, the need for subsequent PCI should be reviewed before it is performed [6]. Third party payers and quality auditors should recognize that multistage PCI for MVCAD is neither an indication of poor quality nor an attempt to increase reimbursement when performed according to recommendations in this article. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable and Efficient Homogeneous Photocatalytic H2 Evolution Based on Water Soluble Pyrenetetrasulfonic Acid Functionalized Platinum Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhu Mingshan , Li Zhi , Du Yukou , Mou Zhigang , Yang Ping 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHerein, 1,3,6,8‐pyrenetetrasulfonic acid (PTSA) functionalized Pt nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized by UV/vis, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS), FTIR, TEM, and XRD methods. Pyrenetetrasulfonic acid was not only used as the stabilizer to prevent agglomeration of Pt nanoparticles but also served as the light‐harvesting photosensitizer, absorbing irradiating light and transferring photoexited electrons to the platinum nanoparticles. The occurrence of the photoinduced electron transfer process was confirmed by the combination of time‐resolved fluorescence and photoelectrochemical spectral measurements. Photocatalytic results showed that PTSA functionalized Pt nanocomposites could be used as stable photocatalysts for photoinducing H2 evolution. At the optimal reaction conditions (nPt:nPTSA=100, pH 3), enhanced amounts of hydrogen were evolved from the system under UV/vis irradiation in the absence of an electron mediator. The corresponding amount of hydrogen evolution was 125.1 μmol for 12 h exposure to UV/vis irradiation, and the apparent quantum efficiency at a wavelength of λ=365 nm was 11.5 %.
Mononuclear–Dinuclear Equilibrium of Grafted Copper Complexes Confined in the Nanochannels of MCM‐41 Silica
Authors: Zhang Kun , Lam Koon‐Fung , Albela Belén , Xue Teng , Khrouz Lhoussain , Hou Qiong‐Wei , Yuan En‐Hui , He Ming‐Yuan , Bonneviot Laurent 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFollowing the structural concept of copper‐containing proteins in which dinuclear copper centers are connected by hydroxide bridging ligands, a bidentate copper(II) complex has been incorporated into nano‐confined MCM‐41 silica by a multistep sequential grafting technique. Characterization by a combination of EPR spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV/Vis spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy , and solid‐state 13C and 29Si cross‐polarization magic‐angle spinning (CP‐MAS) NMR suggests that dinuclear Cu complexes are bridged by hydroxide and other counterions (chloride or perchlorate ions), similar to the situation for EPR‐undetectable [CuII⋅⋅⋅CuII] dimer analogues in biological systems. More importantly, a dynamic mononuclear–dinuclear equilibrium between different coordination modes of copper is observed, which strongly depends on the nature of the counterions (Cl− or ClO4−) in the copper precursor and the pore size of the silica matrix (the so‐called confinement effect). A proton‐transfer mechanism within the hydrogen‐bonding network is suggested to explain the dynamic nature of the dinuclear copper complex supported on the MCM‐41 silica.
Gene expression profiles in peripheral blood as a biomarker in cancer patients receiving peptide vaccination
Authors: Komatsu Nobukazu , Matsueda Satoko , Tashiro Kousuke , Ioji Tetsuya , Shichijo Shigeki , Noguchi Masanori , Yamada Akira , Doi Atsushi , Suekane Shigetaka , Moriya Fukuko , Matsuoka Kei , Kuhara Satoru , Itoh Kyogo , Sasada Tetsuro 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Because only a subset of patients show clinical responses to peptide‐based cancer vaccination, it is critical to identify biomarkers for selecting patients who would most likely benefit from this treatment.METHODS:The authors characterized the gene expression profiles in peripheral blood of vaccinated patients to identify biomarkers to predict patient prognosis. Peripheral blood was obtained from advanced castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients, who survived for >900 days (long‐term survivors, n = 20) or died within 300 days (short‐term survivors, n = 20) after treatment with personalized peptide vaccination. Gene expression profiles in prevaccination and postvaccination peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were assessed by DNA microarray.RESULTS:There were no statistically significant differences in the clinical or pathological features between the 2 groups. Microarray analysis of prevaccination PBMCs identified 19 genes that were differentially expressed between the short‐term and long‐term survivors. Among the 15 up‐regulated genes in the short‐term survivors, 13 genes, which were also differentially expressed in postvaccination PBMCs, were associated with gene signatures of granulocytes. When a set of 4 differentially expressed genes were selected as the best combination to determine patient survival, prognosis was correctly predicted in 12 of 13 patients in a validation set (accuracy, 92%).CONCLUSIONS:These results suggested that abnormal granulocytes present in the PBMC faction may contribute to poor prognosis in advanced prostate cancer patients receiving personalized peptide vaccination. Gene expression profiling in peripheral blood might thus be informative for devising better therapeutic strategies by predicting patient prognosis after cancer vaccines. Cancer 2012;118: 3208–21. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Predicting the risk of chemotherapy toxicity in older patients: The Chemotherapy Risk Assessment Scale for High‐Age Patients (CRASH) score
Authors: Extermann Martine , Boler Ivette , Reich Richard R. , Lyman Gary H. , Brown Richard H. , DeFelice Joseph , Levine Richard M. , Lubiner Eric T. , Reyes Pablo , Schreiber Frederic J. , Balducci Lodovico 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Tools are lacking to assess the individual risk of severe toxicity from chemotherapy. Such tools would be especially useful for older patients, who vary considerably in terms of health status and functional reserve.METHODS:The authors conducted a prospective, multicentric study of patients aged ≥70 years who were starting chemotherapy. Grade 4 hematologic (H) or grade 3/4 nonhematologic (NH) toxicity according to version 3.0 of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events was defined as severe. Twenty‐four parameters were assessed. Toxicity of the regimen (Chemotox) was adjusted using an index to estimate the average per‐patient risk of chemotherapy toxicity (the MAX2 index). In total, 562 patients were accrued, and 518 patients were evaluable and were split randomly (2:1 ratio) into a derivation cohort and a validation cohort.RESULTS:Severe toxicity was observed in 64% of patients. The Chemotherapy Risk Assessment Scale for High‐Age Patients (CRASH) score was constructed along 2 subscores: H toxicity and NH toxicity. Predictors of H toxicity were lymphocytes, aspartate aminotransferase level, Instrumental Activities of Daily Living score, lactate dehydrogenase level, diastolic blood pressure, and Chemotox. The best model included the 4 latter predictors (risk categories: low, 7%; medium‐low, 23%; medium‐high, 54%; and high, 100%, respectively; Ptrend < .001). Predictors of NH toxicity were hemoglobin, creatinine clearance, albumin, self‐rated health, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance, Mini‐Mental Status score, Mini‐Nutritional Assessment score, and Chemotox. The 4 latter predictors provided the best model (risk categories: 33%, 46%, 67%, and 93%, respectively; Ptrend < .001). The combined risk categories were 50%, 58%, 77%, and 79%, respectively; Ptrend < .001). Bootstrap internal validation and independent sample validation demonstrated stable risk categorization and Ptrend < .001.CONCLUSIONS:The CRASH score distinguished several risk levels of severe toxicity. The split score discriminated better than the combined score. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first score systematically integrating both chemotherapy and patient risk for older patients and has a potential for future clinical application. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Sequential parameter estimation for fluid–structure problems: Application to hemodynamics
Authors: Bertoglio Cristóbal , Moireau Philippe , Gerbeau Jean‐Frederic 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYWe present a robust and computationally efficient parameter estimation strategy for fluid–structure interaction problems. The method is based on a filtering algorithm restricted to the parameter space, known as the reduced‐order unscented Kalman filter. It does not require any adjoint or tangent problems. In addition, it can easily be run in parallel, which is of great interest in fluid–structure problems where the computational cost of the forward simulation is already a challenge in itself. We illustrate our methodology with the estimation of the artery wall stiffness from the wall displacement measurements – as they could be extracted from medical imaging – in a three‐dimensional idealized abdominal aortic aneurysm. We also show preliminary results about the estimation of the proximal Windkessel resistance, which is an important parameter for setting appropriate fluid boundary conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A metaphoric trajectory data warehouse for Olympic athlete follow‐up
Authors: Porto Fabio , de C. Moura Ana Maria , da Silva Frederico C. , Bassini Adriana , Palazzi Daniele C. , Poltosi Maira , de Castro Luis Eduardo Viveiros , Cameron L. C. 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYSport science is a research discipline that aims to understand exercise and apply scientific methods in support of increasing an athlete's performance. In this paper, we present initial results on modeling, managing and analyzing an athlete's data gathered by sport scientists. An Olympic data warehouse is designed initially to support the monitoring of an athlete's biochemical data. A trajectory data model is extended to represent the athlete's measurements along his/her training states, referred to here as metaphoric trajectories. Furthermore, a data warehouse for metaphoric trajectories is designed and two analysis approaches — a relational and a multidimensional one — are evaluated. We compare both approaches and discuss their benefits to the athlete's follow‐up analyses applied by sport scientists. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The development of fear learning and generalization in 8–13 year‐olds
Authors: Glenn Catherine R. , Klein Daniel N. , Lissek Shmuel , Britton Jennifer C. , Pine Daniel S. , Hajcak Greg 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe current study examined developmental changes in fear learning and generalization in 40 healthy 8–13 year‐olds using an aversive conditioning paradigm adapted from Lau et al. [Lau et al. [2008] Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 47:94–102]. In this task, the conditioned stimuli (CS+/CS−) are two neutral female faces, and the unconditioned stimulus is a fearful, screaming face. The second phase of the study also included a generalization stimulus (GS): a 50% blend of the CS± faces. The eye‐blink startle reflex was utilized to measure defensive responding. Patterns of fear learning and generalization were qualified by child age. Older children demonstrated greater fear learning (i.e., larger startle during CS+ than CS−) than younger children. In addition, older children exhibited the typical pattern of generalization observed in adults, whereas younger children did not. Finally, fear learning also related to contingency awareness; only children who correctly identified the CS+ demonstrated fear‐potentiated startle to the CS+. Clinical implications and future directions are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54: 675–684, 2012.
Administration of recombinant human thioredoxin‐1 significantly delays and prevents autoimmune diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice through modulation of autoimmunity
Authors: Chernatynskaya Anna V. , Looney Benjamin , Hu Hanbo , Zhu Xiaoyan , Xia Chang‐Qing 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundThioredoxin as a biological antioxidant plays an important role in regulating the redox system. The administration of recombinant thioredoxin has been demonstrated to be anti‐inflammatory. In this study, the effect of recombinant human thioredoxin‐1 (rhTrx‐1) in preventing type 1 diabetes (T1D) in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice was evaluated.MethodsEight‐week‐old NOD mice were treated with intravenous injection of rhTrx‐1 (5 µg/mouse/day) for 5 weeks (5 days a week), followed by every other day for additional 5 weeks. Diabetes onset was monitored twice a week. Pancreatic histology and β‐cell mass were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and insulin immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. Adoptive transfer experiments were executed to assess autoimmune T cells modulated by rhTrx treatment.ResultsThe intravenous administration of rhTrx‐1 significantly delayed and prevented T1D in NOD mice. The histology data showed that rhTrx‐1 treatment markedly reduced insulitic lesions and significantly preserved insulin‐producing β cells. Adoptive transfer of spleen cells from rhTrx‐1‐treated mice into nonobese diabetic‐severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD‐SCID) mice significantly reduced the diabetes onset than transfer of those from phosphate‐buffered saline‐treated mice. Adoptive co‐transfer experiments demonstrated that spleen cells from rhTrx‐1‐treated mice significantly delayed diabetes induced by the co‐transferred diabetogenic spleen cells from the new‐onset diabetic mice.ConclusionsAntioxidant rhTrx‐1 effectively prevents T1D which may be attributed to its activity to modulate autoimmunity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of the HLA and non‐HLA susceptibility loci in Japanese type 1 diabetes
Authors: Yamashita Hisakuni , Awata Takuya , Kawasaki Eiji , Ikegami Hiroshi , Tanaka Shoichiro , Maruyama Taro , Shimada Akira , Nakanishi Koji , Takahashi Kazuma , Kobayashi Tetsuro , Kawabata Yumiko , Miyashita Yumi , Kurihara Susumu , Morita‐Ohkubo Tomoko , Katayama Shigehiro ,   on behalf of The Japanese Study Group on Type 1 Diabetes Genetics
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported the associations of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) (DRB1 and DQB1), INS, CTLA4, IL2RA, ERBB3 and CLEC16A with Japanese type 1 diabetes (T1D). In this study, we jointly analysed these loci in addition to IFIH1 and IL7R.MethodsA maximum of 790 T1D patients and 953 control subjects were analysed. HLA was determined by sequencing‐based typing. Seven non‐HLA single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped using TaqMan assay.ResultsHLA DRB1*0405, DRB1*0901 and DRB1*0802‐DQB1*0302 haplotypes were positively associated with T1D, while the DRB1*15 haplotypes were negatively associated. Non‐HLA single nucleotide polymorphisms, INS, IL2RA, ERBB3, CLEC16A and IL7R were associated with T1D. By a prediction model using the HLA loci alone (HLA model) or the non‐HLA loci alone (non‐HLA model), it was revealed that the cumulative effect of the non‐HLA model was much weaker than that of the HLA model (average increase in odds ratio: 1.17 versus 3.14). Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of the non‐HLA model was also much smaller than that of the HLA model (0.65 versus 0.81, p < 10−11). Finally, a patient‐only analysis revealed the susceptible HLA haplotypes and the risk allele of INS to be negatively associated with slower onset of the disease. In addition, the DRB1*0901 haplotype and the risk alleles of ERBB3, CLEC16A and CTLA4 were positively associated with the co‐occurrence of thyroid autoimmunity.ConclusionsAlthough several non‐HLA susceptibility genes in Japanese were confirmed trans‐racially and appear to contribute to the heterogeneity of the clinical phenotypes, the cumulative effect on the ability to predict the development of T1D was weak. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Delta‐cell‐specific expression of hedgehog pathway Ptch1 receptor in murine and human endocrine pancreas
Authors: Grieco F. A. , Moretti M. , Sebastiani G. , Galleri L. , Spagnuolo I. , Scafetta G. , Gulino A. , De Smaele E. , Maroder M. , Dotta F. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundHedgehog pathway plays an important role during pancreas development, when its inactivation is crucial to assure expression of pancreatic marker genes involved in the organ formation and to assure an appropriate organogenesis. Patched1 (Ptch1) is a transmembrane receptor of hedgehog pathway which has a key role in this process. In fact, heterozygous Ptch1 mutant (ptc+/−) mice are affected by an impaired glucose tolerance accompanied by reduced islet function. In the light that the cell distribution of Ptch1 receptor within the endocrine pancreas has not yet been established, we aimed at identifying the pancreatic endocrine cell subset(s) expressing such molecule.MethodsDouble immunostaining for Ptch1 and pancreatic hormones insulin, glucagon and somatostatin on pancreatic paraffin sections of C57BL/6J mice and human non‐diabetic multiorgan donors was performed and analysed using confocal microscopy. In addition, diabetes was experimentally induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction after laser‐capture microdissection of different islets from frozen pancreatic murine tissue sections was also performed.ResultsPtch1 receptor was detected only in somatostatin‐positive delta cells both in mice and in human pancreas; in mice its expression was not affected by streptozotocin treatment. A significant increase of Ptch1 mRNA expression levels in the islet periphery versus the islet core was observed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction, in accord with immunohistochemical observations.ConclusionOur data show a delta‐cell‐specific expression of Ptch1 receptor in murine and human pancreas. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intracellular pathways of pancreatic β‐cell apoptosis in type 1 diabetes
Authors: Thomas Helen E. , Kay Thomas W. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundApoptosis of β cells is a feature of type 1 diabetes. It is also increasingly recognized in type 2 diabetes and islet graft rejection.MethodsWe have studied the intracellular pathways that regulate β‐cell apoptosis in type 1 and 2 diabetes. We have examined the role of Bid, a pro‐apoptotic member of the Bcl‐2 family, using islets from mice deficient in Bid. We also studied the Bcl‐2 family molecules involved in killing by using high concentrations of reducing sugars such as glucose or ribose.ResultsWe found that Bid‐deficient islets are protected from recombinant human perforin and granzyme B, as well as from Fas‐mediated killing. This makes Bid a target for protection of β cells from multiple insults relevant to type 1 diabetes. In contrast to granzyme B and death receptor signalling, we found that islets lacking Bim or Puma were protected from glucose toxicity.ConclusionsOur data indicate that different stimuli activate different initiator molecules in the Bcl‐2‐regulated pathway in β cells. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enteroviruses and type 1 diabetes
Authors: Tracy Steven , Drescher Kristen M. , Chapman Nora M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundHuman enteroviruses, which are transmitted via a faecal‐oral route, have long been associated with type 1 diabetes onset. Increased hygiene in the 20th century may now be responsible for a decreased chance of enterovirus exposure from an early age onward. Infections with enteroviruses may also be more likely to occur at a later age; the recurrent poliomyelitis epidemics in the 20th century were linked to increased hygiene, consistent with this hypothesis. The association of fewer enterovirus exposures and increased diabetes rates may seem at first non‐intuitive but may be explained using a combination of human observations and data from experimental coxsackie B virus infections in nonobese diabetic mice.MethodsNetwork for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes samples were examined for the presence of detectable enteroviral RNA by RT‐PCR.ResultsViral RNA was not detected.ConclusionsA role for enteroviruses in the aetiology of human type 1 diabetes is hard to refute but in order to definitively link enteroviruses in general, and specific viruses in particular, with the disease, pancreas biopsy tissue must become available at the time of disease diagnosis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐reported lower respiratory tract infections and development of islet autoimmunity in children with the type 1 diabetes high‐risk HLA genotype: the MIDIA study
Authors: Rasmussen Trond , Witsø Elisabet , Tapia German , Stene Lars C. , Rønningen Kjersti S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAimTo test whether self‐reported lower respiratory tract infections in early infancy predicted risk for islet autoimmunity in genetically predisposed children.MethodsThe environmental triggers for type 1 diabetes (MIDIA) study recruited newborns in Norway to identify those with the human leukocyte antigen high‐risk genotype DR4‐DQ8/DR3‐DQ2. Of 46 939 newborns genotyped, 1003 (2.1%) carried the high‐risk genotype, of whom 885 children were followed longitudinally with questionnaires and blood samples for autoantibody testing at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of age, and then annually until 4 years of age. The endpoint (autoimmunity) was defined as positivity for at least one of three autoantibodies (to insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) or protein tyrosine phosphatase‐like protein (IA2)) on at least two consecutive samples. The parents responded in the questionnaires, whether the child had had ‘pneumonia, bronchitis or respiratory syncytial virus’. Cox proportional hazards regression models with time‐dependent covariates were used to estimate hazard ratios for autoimmunity using STATA 10.ResultsForty‐two children developed autoimmunity, of whom 15 later developed type 1 diabetes. For 17 of the 42 cases (40%) ‘pneumonia, bronchitis or respiratory syncytial virus’ was reported (0.5‐4 years of age) before or at the onset of autoimmunity. For 187 of the 843 non‐cases (22%) ‘pneumonia, bronchitis or respiratory syncytial virus’ was reported in the same age group. The hazard ratio was 3.4 (p = 0.001, 95% confidence interval: 1.6‐7.1) for developing autoimmunity. The estimated hazard ratio was only marginally influenced by adjustment for potential confounding factors. No association was found for other infectious self‐reported symptoms.ConclusionSelf‐reported lower respiratory tract infections were associated with increased risk of islet autoimmunity in early infancy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.