bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of life, health‐related quality of life and health status in patients having restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis: a systematic review
Authors: Heikens J. T. , de Vries J. , van Laarhoven C. J. H. M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAim  There are numerous studies on quality of life (QoL), health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), and health status (HS) in patients undergoing surgery for ulcerative colitis. A systematic review of published literature was conducted to establish the quality of these studies and to determine QoL, HRQoL, and HS in patients after ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis.Method  All published studies describing QoL, HRQoL, and HS in adult patients in combination with ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis were reviewed systematically. No time or language limitations were applied. Relevance was established on the basis of three pre‐specified selection criteria: 1) ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis was performed for ulcerative colitis, 2) QoL, HRQoL, and HS were reported as outcome of the study and 3) studies reported a minimum follow‐up after surgery for 12 months. Outcome variables were results of QoL, HRQoL, and HS, characteristics of the study population, pouch construction, duration of follow‐up, and time of assessment in months before and after restorative surgery. Descriptive data synthesis was performed by tabulation displaying the methodological quality, study characteristics and conclusions on QoL, HRQoL, and HS measurements in the studies.Results  The review included 33 studies comprising 4790 patients. Three were graded to be of high quality, 23 of moderate quality and seven of low quality. All reported improved HS and the majority reported improved HRQoL. However, none of the studies reported on QoL.Conclusion  The HRQoL and HS of patients with ulcerative colitis improved 12 months after restorative proctocolectomy with an ileal pouch‐anal anastomosis and were indistinguishable from the HRQoL and HS of the normal healthy population.
Ultrastructural observations of the protonephridia of Polymerurus nodicaudus (Gastrotricha: Paucitubulatina)
Authors: Kieneke Alexander , Hochberg Rick 
Published: December 2010

AbstractKieneke, A. and Hochberg, R. 2012. Ultrastructural observations of the protonephridia of Polymerurus nodicaudus (Gastrotricha: Paucitubulatina). —Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 93: 115–124.We studied different regions of the protonephridia of the limnic gastrotrich Polymerurus nodicaudus by means of light and electron microscopy to determine how freshwater species might differ from their marine relatives. Microscopic and ultrastructural characters are in accordance with another limnic species of Paucitubulatina, Chaetonotus maximus, whose protonephridial system has been previously reconstructed. Shared protonephridial characters of both species include the presence of highly elongate terminal organ cilia, microvilli, and the canal cell lumen as well as the presence of a conspicuous anterior loop of the protonephridial lumen. These features are not present in representatives of earlier, marine, paucitubulatan lineages (i.e., Xenotrichulidae) and so are assessed as evolutionary novelties that were likely important for the successful colonization of the freshwater environment.
The role of a leaky epithelium and potassium in the generation of bladder symptoms in interstitial cystitis/overactive bladder, urethral syndrome, prostatitis and gynaecological chronic pelvic pain
Authors: Parsons C. Lowell 
Published: December 2010

What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add? This article reviews entirely new concepts concerning the etiology, presentation and diagnosis of interstitial cystitis. It pulls the information together in a concise fashion that emphasizes there is a radical change taking place in the concepts of what generates bladder symptoms.Primarily this emphasizes that the paradigm for interstitial cysititis and the generation of bladder symptoms is going to change dramatically. The data reviewed shows that the symptoms are caused by a leaky epithelium and subsequent diffusion of potassium into the tissues causing frequency, urgency, pain and incontinence. This is totally different from current concepts.The traditional diagnosis of interstitial cystitis (IC) only recognizes the severe form of the disease. The far more common early and intermittent phases of the disease are not perceived to be part of IC but rather are misdiagnosed as urinary tract infection, urethral syndrome, overactive bladder, chronic prostatitis, urethritis, or a type of gynecologic pelvic pain (such as endometriosis, vulvodynia, or some type of vaginitis). All of these patient groups actually suffer from the same bladder disease. This disease results from a leaky bladder epithelium and subsequent potassium leakage into the bladder interstitium that generates the symptoms of frequency, urgency, pain or incontinence in any combination. Robust scientific data now support this important concept. These data will be reviewed herein. The conclusions derived from these data substantially alter the paradigms for urology and gynecology in the generation of frequency, urgency and pelvic pain. All the above‐mentioned syndromes unite into one primary disease process, lower urinary dysfunction epithelium, or LUDE disease, and not the 10 plus syndromes traditionally recognized.
Maintenance therapy with bacillus Calmette‐Guérin Connaught strain clearly prolongs recurrence‐free survival following transurethral resection of bladder tumour for non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Hinotsu Shiro , Akaza Hideyuki , Naito Seiji , Ozono Seiichiro , Sumiyoshi Yoshiteru , Noguchi Sumio , Yamaguchi Akito , Nagamori Satoshi , Terai Akito , Nasu Yasutomo , Kume Haruki , Tomita Yoshihiko , Tanaka Yoshinori , Samma Shoji , Uemura Hirotsugu , Koga Hirofumi , Tsushima Tomoyasu 
Published: December 2010

Study Type – Therapy (RCT)Level of Evidence 1bOBJECTIVE

To confirm the recurrence‐preventing efficacy and safety of 18‐month bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) maintenance therapy for non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

The enrolled patients had been diagnosed with recurrent or multiple non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (stage Ta or T1) after complete transurethral resection of bladder tumours (TURBT).
The patients were randomized into three treatment groups: a maintenance group (BCG, 81 mg, intravesically instilled once weekly for 6 weeks as induction therapy, followed by three once‐weekly instillations at 3, 6, 12 and 18 months after initiation of the induction therapy), a non‐maintenance group (BCG, 81 mg, intravesically instilled once weekly for 6 weeks) and an epirubicin group (epirubicin, 40 mg, intravesically instilled nine times). The primary endpoint was recurrence‐free survival (RFS).

RESULTS

Efficacy analysis was performed for 115 of the full‐analysis‐set population of 116 eligible patients, including 41 maintenance group patients, 42 non‐maintenance group patients and 32 epirubicin group patients.
At the 2‐year median point of the overall actual follow‐up period, the final cumulative RFS rates in the maintenance, non‐maintenance and epirubicin groups were 84.6%, 65.4% and 27.7%, respectively.
The RFS following TURBT was significantly prolonged in the maintenance group compared with the non‐maintenance group (generalized Wilcoxon test, P= 0.0190).

CONCLUSION

BCG maintenance therapy significantly prolonged the post‐TURBT RFS compared with BCG induction therapy alone or epirubicin intravesical therapy.
Does the presence of muscularis propria on transurethral resection of bladder tumour specimens affect the rate of upstaging in cT1 bladder cancer?
Authors: Badalato Gina , Patel Trushar , Hruby Gregory , McKiernan James 
Published: December 2010

Study Type – Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4What’s known on the subject? and What does the study add?It is already known and accepted that the presence of mucularis propria (MP) on bladder biopsy is incremental to the clinical staging process for this disease entity. This study establishes that the lack of MP also portends a higher risk of pathologic upstaging at the time of radical cystectomy.OBJECTIVE
To determine how the presence of MP on T1 biopsy specimens affects the outcome of patients undergoing RC as compared to when no MP is identified in the TURBT specimen.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients were retrospectively identified from the Columbia University Urologic Oncology Database.
From January 1986 to October 2009, 114 patients diagnosed with cT1N0M0 bladder cancer who underwent RC within 4 months of their last biopsy were identified.
Patients were stratified based on the presence of MP on T1 biopsy, and upstaging was defined as any tumor T2 or greater, N+, or M+ at the time of radical cystectomy.
The rate of upstaging was assessed using univariate and multivariate regression models; Kaplan meier curves were also extrapolated for each cohort to compare disease specific and overall survival patterns.
RESULTS
Of the 114 patients evaluated in this study, 24 (20.2%) did not have MP on their T1 biopsy before RC. The rate of upstaging (>=pT2) stratified by the presence of MP on biopsy was 50% and 78%, respectively (p = 0.017).
On univariate analysis, lack of MP on biopsy was associated with an increased risk of upstaging (HR 3.52, p = 0.021, CI 1.2–10.3), however did not reach significance as an independent predictor (HR 2.9, p = 0.056, CI 0.97–8.9).
At a mean follow‐up of 33.5 months, there was no difference in disease specific (p = 0.41) and overall survival (p = 0.68) between groups.
CONCLUSIONS
The lack of MP on TURBT for high grade cT1N0M0 bladder cancer portends a high likelihood of upstaging at RC, although this risk did not translate into a detectable increased risk of disease specific mortality.
Magnetic resonance imaging does not improve the prediction of misclassification of prostate cancer patients eligible for active surveillance when the most stringent selection criteria are based on the saturation biopsy scheme
Authors: Ploussard Guillaume , Xylinas Evanguelos , Durand Xavier , Ouzaïd Idir , Allory Yves , Bouanane Mohamed , Abbou Claude‐Clément , Salomon Laurent , de la Taille Alexandre 
Published: December 2010

Study Type – Diagnostic (case series)Level of Evidence 4OBJECTIVE

To investigate the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in selecting patients for active surveillance (AS).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

We identified prostate cancers patients who had undergone a 21‐core biopsy scheme and fulfilled the criteria as follows: prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) level ≤10 ng/mL, T1–T2a disease, a Gleason score ≤6, <3 positive cores and tumour length per core <3 mm.
We included 96 patients who underwent a radical prostatectomy (RP) and a prostate MRI before surgery.
The main end point of the study was the unfavourable disease features at RP, with or without the use of MRI as AS inclusion criterion.

RESULTS

Mean age and mean PSA were 62.4 years and 6.1 ng/mL, respectively. Prostate cancer was staged pT3 in 17.7% of cases.
The rate of unfavourable disease (pT3–4 and/or Gleason score ≥4 + 3) was 24.0%. A T3 disease on MRI was noted in 28 men (29.2%).
MRI was not a significant predictor of pT3 disease in RP specimens (P = 0.980), rate of unfavourable disease (P = 0.604), positive surgical margins (P = 0.750) or Gleason upgrading (P = 0.314).
In a logistic regression model, no preoperative parameter was an independent predictor of unfavourable disease in the RP specimen.
After a mean follow‐up of 29 months, the recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was statistically equivalent between men with T3 on MRI and those with T1–T2 disease (P = 0.853).

CONCLUSION

The results of the present study emphasize that, when the selection of patients for AS is based on an extended 21‐core biopsy scheme, and uses the most stringent inclusion criteria, MRI does not improve the prediction of high‐risk and/or non organ‐confined disease in a RP specimen.
Impact of personalized cardiovascular disease risk estimates on physical activity—a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Price H. C. , Griffin S. J. , Holman R. R. 
Published: December 2010

Diabet. Med. 28, 363–372 (2011)AbstractAim  Informing a person of their individual risk of developing a disease in the future may be sufficient to provide the person with the impetus to adopt risk reducing behaviours. The aim of this study was to determine if a personalised 10‐year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk estimate can increase physical activity and other risk reduction behaviours in adults at high risk of CVD.Methods  Pilot 2 × 2 factorial randomised controlled trial conducted in Oxfordshire, UK including 194 adults at increased CVD risk (10‐year CVD risk ≥20%) recruited from four general practices. Main outcome measure at one month was physical activity measured by accelerometer.Results  Median (IQR) age was 62.3 (54.9, 66.1) years, 67% were men and 19% had known diabetes. Mean (SD) total accelerometer counts per day was 297 × 10−3 (110 × 10−3) and activity of moderate or greater intensity was undertaken for 53 (22) minutes per day.In the 185 (95%) participants attending follow‐up an increase in physical activity was not seen. There was a non‐significant 0.5% (p = 0.56) greater increase in accelerometer counts in those receiving personalised CVD risk estimates. No significant within or between group changes were seen at one month in estimated 10‐year CVD risk. A net 7% decrease in mean LDL cholesterol (p = 0.004) was seen in the intervention group despite similar increases in new prescriptions for lipid lowering therapies.Conclusion  In adults at increased risk of CVD provision of personalised 10‐year CVD risk estimates did not appear to increase physical activity or estimated CVD risk over a one‐month period.
Reference values for the Chinese population of skin autofluorescence as a marker of advanced glycation end products accumulated in tissue
Authors: Yue X. , Hu H. , Koetsier M. , Graaff R. , Han C. 
Published: December 2010

Diabet. Med. 28, 818–823 (2011)AbstractAim  Advanced glycation end products play an important role in the pathophysiology of several chronic and age‐related diseases, especially diabetes mellitus. Skin autofluorescence is a non‐invasive method for assessing levels of tissue advanced glycation end products. This study aims to establish the normal reference value of advanced glycation end products accumulated in tissue measured by the advanced glycation end product reader—skin autofluorescence—and discusses some factors influencing it.Methods  The values of autofluorescence in healthy individuals in China were determined by the advanced glycation end product reader; age, gender, skin reflectance, smoking habits and alcohol consumption of the subjects were also recorded.Results  The mean reference values of autofluorescence in healthy Chinese subjects are (95% confidence interval) 20–29 years: 1.54–1.62 arbitrary units; 30–39 years: 1.66–1.75; 40–49 years: 1.78–1.89; 50–59 years: 1.87–2.03; 60–69 years: 1.86–2.09; 70–79 years: 1.97–2.31. The value of autofluorescence is strongly related to age, but no significant difference between males and females were found (all P > 0.05). Autofluorescence was higher in smokers than in non‐smokers (P < 0.05). In persons with low skin reflectance (< 10%), skin autofluorescence was dependent on skin colour, but was still related to age.Conclusions  The mean reference values of autofluorescence we established could be used for a Chinese population in a clinical setting and are agreement with those in a Caucasian population. Future developments are needed to make the advanced glycation end product reader reliable for lower skin reflections as well, independently of the skin colour.
Financial Market Liquidity and the Financial Crisis: An Assessment Using UK Data*
Authors: Martin Christopher , Milas Costas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA steady increase in financial market liquidity followed by a rapid reduction played a central role in the financial crisis that began in 2007. We present empirical evidence that the marked rise in liquidity in 2001–07 was due to large and persistent current account deficits and loose monetary policy.
Acceleration of keratinocyte differentiation by transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV6) channel activation
Authors: Lehen’kyi V , Vandenberghe M , Belaubre F , Julié S , Castex‐Rizzi N , Skryma R , Prevarskaya N 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground  Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effect of Avène Thermal Spring Water (TSW) in dermatological diseases but the molecular mechanisms remain unknown. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Avène TSW on the morphological and molecular features related to the more advanced status of differentiation of human keratinocytes.Material and Methods Normal human keratinocytes (NHK) were differentiated in medium powder reconstituted with Avène TSW and assessed by RT‐PCR and immunohistochemistry. Calcium entry was measured by a Fura‐2 AM probe. TRPV6 channel were detected by immunohistochemistry, RT‐PCR and western blot.Results  Treatment of NHK with Avène TSW led to an enhanced constitutive calcium entry that resulted in the increased expression of involucrin and cytokeratins 1 and 10. This enhanced constitutive calcium entry in Avène TSW‐treated keratinocytes was mediated by the TRPV6 calcium channel. Moreover, Avène TSW‐mediated calcium entry was due to the increase in TRPV6 expression as well as the channel abundance at the cell membrane.Conclusions  An other mechanism of action of Avène TSW is described. Avène TSW treatment induced an enhanced constitutive calcium entry mediated by TRPV6 channel leading to the acceleration of human keratinocytes differentiation.
Pimecrolimus 1% cream for oral erosive lichen planus: a 6‐week randomized, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled study with a 6‐week open‐label extension to assess efficacy and safety
Authors: McCaughey C. , Machan M. , Bennett R. , Zone J.J. , Hull C.M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective  To assess the efficacy and safety of topical pimecrolimus 1% cream in the treatment of oral erosive lichen planus.Design  A 6‐week randomized, double‐blind, vehicle‐controlled phase followed by a 6‐week open‐label phase.Setting  Outpatients of the Department of Dermatology, University of Utah.Patients  Twenty‐one patients with oral erosive lichen planus were randomized and treated with either pimecrolimus 1% cream or vehicle cream.Intervention  Pimecrolimus 1% cream, or its vehicle, were applied twice daily for 6 weeks to each side of the mouth with a 2 × 2 inch gauze pad folded in half and placed directly on the erosive lesion.Main Outcome Measures  Efficacy was based on clinical evaluation of Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA) of the overall severity of the disease, erythema, measurement of the size of any target erosion in millimetres, and assessment of spontaneous pain. Blood levels of pimecrolimus were monitored in all subjects on day 0 and repeated on day 7.Results  Pimecrolimus 1% cream was superior to vehicle cream in reducing mean IGA, pain, and erosion size. For the vehicle group that entered the open‐label phase, pimecrolimus 1% cream improved the mean IGA, pain, erosion size, and erythema. Pimecrolimus levels were detected in nine out of 10 of the pimecrolimus‐treated subjects. These levels were consistently low. The pimecrolimus cream was well‐tolerated. No clinically relevant, drug‐related adverse events were reported.Conclusion  Pimecrolimus 1% cream was superior to vehicle in reducing pain, erythema, decreasing erosion size, and improving overall severity of disease when compared with vehicle treatment.
Approach and withdrawal actions modulate the startle reflex independent of affective valence and muscular effort
Authors: Thibodeau Ryan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe startle reflex is modulated during processing of pleasant and unpleasant affective cues. One explanation of this finding contends that approach and withdrawal motivational processes are key to explaining the effect. Undergraduates performed arm flexion and arm extension actions shown elsewhere to reliably elicit approach and withdrawal motives, respectively. Results showed that arm extension (a withdrawal action) was associated with the largest startles, followed by a neutral control action and arm flexion (an approach action). This pattern was not attributable to the subjective pleasantness or muscular effort associated with the actions. Results support motivational priming accounts of startle reflex modulation.
Abnormal exocytotic release of glutamate in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Milanese Marco , Zappettini Simona , Onofri Franco , Musazzi Laura , Tardito Daniela , Bonifacino Tiziana , Messa Mirko , Racagni Giorgio , Usai Cesare , Benfenati Fabio , Popoli Maurizio , Bonanno Giambattista 
Published: December 2010

J. Neurochem. (2011) 116, 1028–1042.AbstractGlutamate‐mediated excitotoxicity plays a major role in the degeneration of motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and reduced astrocytary glutamate transport, which in turn increases the synaptic availability of the amino acid neurotransmitter, was suggested as a cause. Alternatively, here we report our studies on the exocytotic release of glutamate as a possible source of excessive glutamate transmission. The basal glutamate efflux from spinal cord nerve terminals of mice‐expressing human soluble superoxide dismutase (SOD1) with the G93A mutation [SOD1/G93A(+)], a transgenic model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, was elevated when compared with transgenic mice expressing the wild‐type human SOD1 or to non‐transgenic controls. Exposure to 15 mM KCl or 0.3 μM ionomycin provoked Ca2+‐dependent glutamate release that was dramatically increased in late symptomatic and in pre‐symptomatic SOD1/G93A(+) mice. Increased Ca2+levels were detected in SOD1/G93A(+) mouse spinal cord nerve terminals, accompanied by increased activation of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase II and increased phosphorylation of synapsin I. In line with these findings, release experiments suggested that the glutamate release augmentation involves the readily releasable pool of vesicles and a greater capability of these vesicles to fuse upon stimulation in SOD1/G93A(+) mice.