bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective effects of Juglans regia on carbon tetrachloride‐induced hepatotoxicity: In silico/in vivo approach
Authors: Pandey Bipindra , Thapa Shankar , Kaundinnyayana Atisammodavardhana , Panta Sushil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractJuglans regia L. is a well‐known therapeutic plant in Nepal, employed in traditional medicine for treating liver ailments. This study aimed to evaluate the in vivo and in silico liver‐protective effects of J. regia extract using a carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced hepatic damage rat model. Healthy male rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control (distilled water 10 mL/kg), toxic control (distilled water 10 mL/kg), standard test (silymarin 100 mg/kg), and three groups receiving oral J. regia extracts (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg/day) for seven days. On the eighth day, carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) (1.5 mL/kg in 1:1 olive oil ratio for all groups, except the normal control). Rats were sacrificed on the ninth day, and blood was collected retro‐orbitally for liver blood injury tests and histopathological studies. Molecular docking was performed against cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP450 2E1) enzyme for 16 selected phytoconstituents. J. regia, at doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/kg, significantly reduced liver enzyme levels (alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, direct bilirubin, and total bilirubin), while increasing serum albumin. Histological analysis revealed mitigation of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced liver injury, reducing fatty degeneration and necrosis. Molecular docking supported the findings, with Beta‐sitosterol and Betulinic acid exhibiting the best binding affinity of −9.2 and −9.1 kcal/mol, respectively. In conclusion, result suggests that J. regia showed dose‐dependent hepatoprotective activity in CCl4‐induced hepatotoxicity and it could be utilized as a promising hepatoprotective agent. This study suggests the hepatoprotective potential of J. regia bark extracts, emphasizing the need for further clinical validation.
The Relation between Nature and Stability of H2‐Dissociating Sites and Propene Selectivity in Silica‐Supported (Ga,Al)2O3 Mixed Oxide Propane Dehydrogenation Catalysts
Authors: Castro‐Fernández Pedro , Serykh Alexander I. , Yarar Melis , Mance Deni , Abdala Paula M. , Copéret Christophe , Fedorov Alexey , Müller Christoph R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractColloidal solutions of gallia‐alumina (Ga,Al)2O3(x:y) solid‐solution nanoparticles with nominal atomic Ga : Al (x:y) ratios of 1 : 6, 1 : 3, 3 : 1, and 1:0 were used to prepare silica‐supported catalysts for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). A comparison of the unsupported and silica‐supported catalysts reveals that the dispersion on silica increases the Ga‐normalized PDH rates for all catalysts, albeit with a notably lower propene selectivity for (Ga,Al)2O3(1:6)/SiO2. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy allows contrasting the H2 dissociation sites in the calcined and H2‐treated (Ga,Al)2O3(x:y)/SiO2, indicating a transformation of Ga3+ surface sites with Al (mainly) and Ga atoms in the second coordination sphere (Ga(Al/Ga) sites) in the calcined (Ga,Al)2O3(1:6)/SiO2 to predominantly Ga(Ga/Si) surface sites in the H2‐treated material. The resulting sites are similarly unselective as in amorphous gallia on silica. H2 produced during the PDH reaction can cause a similar transformation as H2 pretreatment in (Ga,Al)2O3(1:6)/SiO2, rapidly resulting in a notably lowered selectivity. The stable and selective Ga(Al/Ga) surface sites in (Ga,Al)2O3(1:3)/SiO2 yield a Ga−H band at ca. 1990 cm−1 under H2 dissociation conditions while the less selective surface sites, observed for the other Ga : Al ratios, give Ga−H bands at ca. 2040 and 2060 cm−1.
Case‐study: A wicked way to address family violence in a regional setting in Western Australia
Authors: Waters Dane , Larkins Celeste , Black Kate 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIssue addressedCommunication tools have long been used to address complex social policy problems, known as wicked problems, in communities around the world. However, the challenge has remained, how do we measure the impact of social change with communication for development (C4D)? Evaluators recommend utilising evaluation tools that take a wider systems‐based approach to assist in the evaluation of C4D projects. Health Communication Resources (HCR) Inc., a health promotion charity that supports C4D projects around the world, aimed to trial a tool to assist evaluation of a project addressing gender inequality, an underlying driver of family violence in the community.MethodsWickedLab's tool for systemic change was utilised to assist the evaluation of the complex adaptive system. The research team mapped the system that existed in Geraldton working towards addressing the wicked problem of gender inequality.ResultsMapping the system highlighted how integral C4D actions were in maintaining and strengthening the system as it works together towards gender equality in the community.ConclusionA systems‐based approach can strengthen evaluation and demonstrates the role C4D projects play in addressing wicked problems in a defined location.So What?WickedLab's tool for systemic change provides significant potential for the evaluation of other health promotion and communication for development projects.
Identification of fraudulent financial statements through a multi‐label classification approach
Authors: Tragouda Maria , Doumpos Michalis , Zopounidis Constantin 
Published: June 2024

SummaryAlthough the financial audit controls in companies have advanced over the years, the number of corporate fraud instances is growing, thus raising the need for investigating the factors that can be used as early warning signals and developing effective systems for identifying financial fraud. In this paper, financial statements from 133 Greek companies listed in the Athens Stock Exchange over the period 2014 to 2019 are investigated, based on the fraud diamond theory. Financial data and corporate governance variables are used as inputs to data mining techniques to develop models that can identify patterns of irregularities in a company's financial reports. To this end, popular machine learning classification algorithms are employed in a novel multi‐label classification setting that not only identifies fraudulent cases but also considers the nature of the auditors' comments. The results indicate that the proposed multi‐label approach provides enhanced results compared to binary classification algorithms, avoiding inconsistent outputs with respect to the existence of different forms of manipulation of financial statements.
Three‐dimensional morphological characterization of blood droplets during the dynamic coagulation process
Authors: Li Yao , Li Wangbiao , Zhang Xiaoman , Lin Hui , Li Dezi , Li Zhifang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we employed a method integrating optical coherence tomography (OCT) with the U‐Net and Visual Geometry Group (VGG)‐Net frameworks within a convolutional neural network for quantitative characterization of the three dimensional whole blood during the dynamic coagulation process. VGG‐Net architecture for the identification of blood droplets across three distinct coagulation stages including drop, gelation, and coagulation achieves an accuracy of up to 99%. In addition, the U‐Net architecture demonstrated proficiency in effectively segmenting uncoagulated and coagulated portions of whole blood, as well as the background. Notably, parameters such as volume of uncoagulated and coagulated segments of the whole blood were successfully employed for the precise quantification of the coagulation process, which indicates well for the potential of future clinical diagnostics and analyses.
How the addition of atomic hydrogen to a multiple bond can be catalyzed by water molecules
Authors: Chaquin Patrick , Fuster Franck , Markovits Alexis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObservational data show complex organic molecules in the interstellar medium (ISM). Hydrogenation of small unsaturated carbon double bond could be one way for molecular complexification. It is important to understand how such reactivity occurs in the very cold and low‐pressure ISM. Yet, there is water ice in the ISM, either as grain or as mantle around grains. Therefore, the addition of atomic hydrogen on double‐bonded carbon in a series of seven molecules have been studied and it was found that water catalyzes this reaction. The origin of the catalysis is a weak charge transfer between the π MO of the unsaturated molecule and H atom, allowing a stabilizing interaction with H2O. This mechanism is rationalized using the non‐covalent interaction and the quantum theory of atoms in molecules approaches.
Novel Germline KIT Variants in Families With Severe Piebaldism: Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Gao Haiming , Zhang Lu , Zhao Yunjing , Qiu Chuang , Liu Xiaoliang 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionPiebaldism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder characterized by congenital white forelock and depigmented patches, which is most commonly caused by deleterious variants in the KIT gene.MethodsFour KIT variants were identified in a piebaldism case series by whole‐exome sequencing. Functional experiments, including in vitro minigene reporter assay and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, were carried out to elucidate the pathogenicity of the variants. The genotype–phenotype correlation was summarized through extensive literature reviewing.ResultsAll the four cases had severe piebaldism presented with typical white forelock and diffuse depigmentation on the ventral trunk and limbs. Four germline variants at the tyrosine kinase (TK) domains of the KIT gene were identified: two novel variants c.1990+1G>A (p.Pro627_Gly664delinsArg) and c.2716T>C (p.Cys906Arg), and two known variants c.1879+1G>A (p.Gly592_Pro627delinsAla) and c.1747G>A (p.Glu583Lys). Both splicing variants caused exon skipping and inframe deletions in the TK1 domain. The missense variants resided at the TK1 and TK2 domains respectively impairing PI3K/AKT and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways, the downstream of KIT. All severe cases were associated with variants in the TK domains, eliciting a major dominant‐negative mechanism of the disease.ConclusionOur data expand the mutation spectrum of KIT, emphasized by a dominant‐negative effect of variants in the critical TK domains in severe cases. We also share the experience of prenatal diagnosis and informed reproductive choices for the affected families.
An innovative method to identify structural change through ion‐molecule collision, making use of Time‐Of‐Flight measurements and SIMION simulations
Authors: Solem Nicolas , Romanzin Claire , Alcaraz Christian , Thissen Roland 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStructural change of ions induced by collision with a neutral has been studied in a guided ion beam tandem mass spectrometer, using Time‐Of‐Flight measurements and SIMION simulation. The exothermic catalytic isomerization of HOC+ to HCO+ is used to explore the new methodology. Isomerization is catalyzed via a proton transport mechanism through the interplay of a neutral molecule, the catalyst. Four different potential catalysts, Ne, D2, CH4, and C18O, were studied at different collision energies. SIMION simulation of the ion path and collision in the instrument leads to the highlight of a specific signature related to the catalytic isomerization in the time‐of‐flight spectra. This signature is used to identify the experimental conditions where isomerization takes place. Only C18O, at low collision energies, gives a clear signature of catalytic isomerization, and a quantitative estimate of the catalyzed isomerization cross‐section and rate constant is derived. This new methodology is sensitive to clear presence of catalyzed isomerization and can be used in instruments designed for cross‐section measurements, provided low collision energy is used and ion bunching is available.
Nonpossessive caring during the two pandemics
Authors: Field Thomas A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript, a new theoretical model is applied to analyze the effects of the early 2020s’ dual pandemics: the coronavirus and anti‐Black racial violence pandemics. Grounded in humanistic–existential principles, the nonpossessive caring model emphasizes relational structures, relational caring, and relational nonpossession. The model is applied to the coronavirus pandemic's challenges, such as balancing disease mitigation and the interpersonal control. Through the lens of relational structures, the anti‐Black racial violence pandemic is analyzed, examining privilege and oppression's role in shaping police–community dynamics. Nonpossessive caring principles are relevant in policing, supporting Black community members’ experiences, fostering police cultures of directed attention, cultivating curiosity, and valuing community input. This manuscript contributes to existential and humanistic counseling by addressing autonomy and responsibility tensions, offering guidance on existential responsibility amid mandates, and emphasizing marginalized communities’ subjective experiences.
Advances in blood biomarkers for Alzheimer disease (AD): A review
Authors: Assfaw Araya Dimtsu , Schindler Suzanne E , Morris John C 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlzheimer disease (AD) and Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias (AD/ADRD) are growing public health challenges globally affecting millions of older adults, necessitating concerted efforts to advance our understanding and management of these conditions. AD is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized pathologically by amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles that are the primary cause of dementia in older individuals. Early and accurate diagnosis of AD dementia is crucial for effective intervention and treatment but has proven challenging to accomplish. Although testing for AD brain pathology with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or positron emission tomography (PET) has been available for over 2 decades, most patients never underwent this testing because of inaccessibility, high out‐of‐pocket costs, perceived risks, and the lack of AD‐specific treatments. However, in recent years, rapid progress has been made in developing blood biomarkers for AD/ADRD. Consequently, blood biomarkers have emerged as promising tools for non‐invasive and cost‐effective diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of AD progression. This review presents the evolving landscape of blood biomarkers in AD/ADRD and explores their potential applications in clinical practice for early detection, prognosis, and therapeutic interventions. It covers recent advances in blood biomarkers, including amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides, tau protein, neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). It also discusses their diagnostic and prognostic utility while addressing associated challenges and limitations. Future research directions in this rapidly evolving field are also proposed.
Study of effects of rare earth elements on the corrosion behavior of weathering steels under a simulated immersion environment and a real atmospheric environment
Authors: Fan Zengwei , Xi Zhong , Liu Tengshi , Lian Xintong , Wei Xicheng , Dong Han 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe effects of rare earth elements (REEs) on the corrosion behavior of weathering steels under a simulated immersion environment and a real atmospheric environment have been investigated in this paper. Although the corrosion rate of the indoor accelerated corrosion experiment (0.01 mol/L NaHSO3) is much higher than that of the real atmospheric exposure experiment, the addition of REEs can highly improve the corrosion resistance of test steels under both conditions. The improvement of the corrosion resistance can be attributed to the quick transformation of γ‐FeOOH into α‐FeOOH and the accelerated formation of a stable rust layer by REEs. Furthermore, the segregation of the REE inner rust layer increases the density of the rust layer and prevents corrosive particles from eroding the matrix. REEs can also promote the segregation of Cu, Cr, and other alloying elements in the rust layer, thus blocking the cracks and holes and enabling the formation of a continuous rust layer with good adhesion.
Crafting conceptual proposition‐based contributions: The 7C framework
Authors: Hollebeek Linda D. , Srivastava Rajendra K. , Clark Moira K. , Urbonavicius Sigitas , Lim Weng Marc 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe declining number of conceptual articles, particularly in psychology and marketing (P&M), represents a key concern for the continued advancement of the body of knowledge. Proposition‐based works, a key conceptual article subtype, offer theoretical propositions that introduce new concepts and theorize regarding their specific theoretical associations. However, relatively few guidelines for the preparation of these articles exist, leaving scholars in the dark regarding their development. Addressing this gap, we propose a framework summarizing the development of proposition‐based research, offering a step‐by‐step guide to craft these contributions. The framework identifies the (1) key role of topic (e.g., a focal P&M concept) problematization and motivation, which may be an existing but under‐explored or a new‐to‐P&M topic, and (2) application of a broader (e.g., meso‐ or macro‐foundational) theory to frame the topic, which should exhibit a level of fit with one another. The framework also suggests that the chosen topic and theory co‐infuse the development of the model and propositions, for which we provide relevant guidelines. We link this theoretical co‐infusion process to prior intra‐proposition recommendations (i.e., propositional clarity, consistency, conciseness, and contribution), which are supplemented with the proposed inter‐proposition guidelines of propositional conceptual distinctiveness, comprehensiveness, and coherence.
Navigating green horizons: An empirical exploration of business practices aligned with environmental goals in the era of sustainable economy
Authors: Peng Bo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn modern business operations, ensuring that business strategies are in harmony with environmental goals has emerged as a pivotal consideration. More and more companies are realizing the significance of integrating environmentally friendly methods into their activities. This boosts their performance and adds value for stakeholders in an economy focused on sustainability. This quantitative research explores the alignment of business practices with environmental goals in the context of green finance (GF) and corporate strategy for enhanced performance and stakeholder value within a sustainable economy. Utilizing a structured online questionnaire, data was collected from 420 entrepreneurs through a stratified random sampling method, ensuring diverse representation. The subsequent analysis using SPSS software yielded robust statistical insights into the intricate relationships between variables. The findings support six hypotheses, indicating that strategic integration of GF positively influences financial performance, enhances resilience, positively affects stakeholder satisfaction, fosters innovation, leads to cost efficiency, and facilitates long‐term sustainable growth. Investigating how GF‐driven practices lead to cost efficiency and enhance operational effectiveness brings forth practical implications for organizations seeking financial savings through sustainable practices. This aspect introduces a novel perspective on the financial benefits of green initiatives. These results contribute as empirical evidence to the field of GF, offering practical insights for businesses, policymakers, and researchers seeking to align strategies with environmental goals for sustainable and responsible corporate practices.
Reconstruction techniques using free jejunal transfer for total pharyngolaryngectomy with total glossectomy
Authors: Hidaka Takeaki , Miyamoto Shimpei , Oba Jun , Furuse Kiichi , Oshima Azusa , Matsuura Kazuto , Higashino Takuya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTotal pharyngolaryngectomy is sometimes combined with total glossectomy for advanced hypopharyngeal or cervical esophageal cancers involving the tongue base. The optimal reconstruction method for total pharyngolaryngectomy with total glossectomy has not been established due to a considerable diameter mismatch between the floor of mouth and the esophageal stump. This report describes two reconstruction methods using free jejunal transfer.MethodsFive consecutive patients who underwent total pharyngolaryngectomy with total glossectomy were included, with a mean age of 67.0 (range 55–75) years. Primary tumors included tongue, hypopharyngeal, cervical esophagus, and laryngeal cancers. The mean defect size was 17.0 (16–19) × 6.8 (6–7) cm. Surgical techniques involved either a simple incision or a two‐segment method to address the size mismatch between the jejunum and the floor of mouth. In the simple incision method, a longitudinal cut was made to the antimesenteric or paramesenteric border of a jejunum wall to expand the orifice. In the two‐segment method, a jejunal graft was separated into two segments to reconstruct the floor of mouth and the cervical esophagus, and these segments were connected with a longitudinal incision to the cervical esophageal segment to form a funnel‐shaped conduit.ResultsOf the five patients, three underwent the simple incision method and two the two‐segment method. Postoperative pharyngoesophagography showed a smooth passage for all patients. Postoperative courses were uneventful except for one flap loss due to arterial thrombosis. Four patients achieved oral feeding, while one became gastric‐tube dependent. At a mean follow‐up of 22.1 (4–39) months, one patient required tube feeding, two tolerated full liquid, and two consumed a soft diet.ConclusionsBoth the simple incision and two‐segment methods achieved satisfactory swallowing function. The choice between these reconstruction methods may depend on the extent of resection of the posterior pharyngeal wall.
Seventeen years since rimonabant's downfall: reassessing its suicidality risk profile
Authors: Cohen Yuval , Kolodziej Andrew , Morningstar Marshall 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTargeting the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1) is a clinically validated antiobesity therapeutic approach. The only such drug approved, rimonabant, was launched in 2006 in Europe but subsequently rejected by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2007. The FDA cited the increased risk of suicidality in its opposition to rimonabant's approval, leading to the drug's eventual worldwide withdrawal and the abandonment of this class of therapeutics. Seventeen years later, a new class of CB1‐targeting drugs is emerging, but the impact of the 2007 FDA decision remains a formidable obstacle to its clinical development. We revisit the suicidality data presented by the FDA in light of the evolution of suicidality assessment and cross‐reference this with the data in the subsequently published clinical trials. We conclude that the publicly available data do not support the FDA's conclusion that the use of rimonabant was associated with an increase in the risk of suicidality.