bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crosstalk among miR‐29, α‐SMA, and TGFβ1/β3 in melatonin‐induced exosome (Mel‐prExo) treated human limbal mesenchymal stem cells (hLMSCs): An insight into scarless healing of the cornea
Authors: Altug Burcugul , Soykan Merve Nur , Eyubova Sevinc , Eker Sariboyaci Ayla , Dogan Cezmi , Ozalp Onur , Atalay Eray 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInflammatory mediators that infiltrate the corneal stroma after corneal infections, trauma or refractive surgery can trigger the transformation of corneal keratocytes into myofibroblasts, resulting in highly irregular collagen deposition and subsequently corneal scarring. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be used as therapeutic agents to regenerate corneal and conjunctival tissue damage, regulate inflammation, and reduce the development of limbal stem cell failure. The use of MSC‐derived exosomes as a cell‐free therapeutic vector is a novel therapeutic approach. This study aimed to assess the effect of exosomes obtained from melatonin (Mel)‐treated human limbal mesenchymal stem cells (hLMSCs) on naïve hLMSCs and to determine their influence on the antifibrotic and pro‐regenerative pathways involved in corneal scarring. hLMSCs were treated with varying concentrations of Mel, followed by isolation and characterization of the procured exosomes (Mel‐prExos). These exosomes were added to the cell culture media of naïve hLMSCs to examine their antifibrotic and pro‐regenerative effects. The expression of miR‐155, miR‐29, TGFβ1, TGFβ3, PPARγ, and α‐SMA miRNAs and genes were compared between Mel‐treated hLMSCs and Mel‐prExo‐treated hLMSCs by using real‐time PCR. We found that at 1 μM Mel and in the presence of Mel‐prExos, TGFβ1 was expressed 0.001‐fold, while TGFβ3 was expressed 0.6‐fold. miR‐29 expression was increased 38‐fold in the control‐Exo group compared to that in the control group. Changes in TGFβ1/β3 and α‐SMA expression are associated with miR‐29 and miR‐155. This approach could prove beneficial for ocular surface tissue engineering applications.
NMR spectroscopic investigations of transition metal complexes in organometallic and bioinorganic chemistry
Authors: Shin Jeongcheol , Lim Mi Hee , Han Jiyeon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe field of coordination chemistry has evolved to intersect with organic chemistry and biochemistry, giving rise to the disciplines of organometallic and bioinorganic chemistry. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be applied for characterizing transition metal complexes, spanning both diamagnetic and paramagnetic complexes prevalent in organometallic compounds and metalloproteins. This review offers a comprehensive overview of a wide variety of characterization techniques, ranging from basic 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy to advanced methods such as heteronuclear experiments, polarization transfer techniques, relaxometry, and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The diverse array of NMR spectroscopic methods outlined here promises to enhance our comprehension of transition metal complexes, facilitating the development of innovative catalysts and therapeutics.
Identification of Xuanfei Baidu granule constituents by liquid chromatography–quadruple‐time‐of‐flight–mass spectrometry and its anti‐inflammatory active constituents using a lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW264.7 cell model
Authors: Li Haoran , Zhao Lu , Liang Ziqi , Wang Zhiyan , Hu Chenxiu , Wang Yi , Shen Guofang , Wang Shufang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Xuanfei Baidu (XFBD) prescription, a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, has demonstrated significant anti‐inflammatory activities; however, the number of its reported constituents is limited, and its anti‐inflammatory constituents are unclear. In this study, the constituents of XFBD granule, a granule dosage of XFBD prescription, were thoroughly examined in vitro and in vivo using liquid chromatography–quadruple‐time‐of‐flight–mass spectrometry, and the anti‐inflammatory constituents were screened. A total of 214 constituents were identified from the XFBD granule, 62 of which were confirmed via comparison with reference standards. After intragastric administration of XFBD granule, 63 and 28 constituents were absorbed into the rat sera and lungs in prototype form, respectively. XFBD granule and XFBD‐containing serum were found to significantly reduce nitric oxide (NO) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) secretion in lipopolysaccharide‐induced RAW264.7 cells. Five anti‐inflammatory constituents (verbasoside, scutellarin, luteolin, apigenin, and pogostone) were found to reduce the concentration of NO and IL‐6 in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, the combination of these five constituents could significantly reduce NO secretion even when the concentration of each constituent was two to three orders of magnitude lower than their individual minimum effective concentrations. Overall, this study provides a valuable reference for the discovery of effective constituents from the XFBD granule.
Structure‐Activity Relationship of Benzophenazine Derivatives for Homogeneous and Heterogenized Photooxygenation Catalysis
Authors: Body Nathalie , Lefebvre Corentin , Eeckhout Sarah , Léonard Anne‐Sophie , Troian‐Gautier Ludovic , Hermans Sophie , Riant Olivier 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSinglet oxygen is a powerful oxidant used in various applications, such as organic synthesis, medicine, and environmental remediation. Organic and inorganic photosensitizers are commonly used to generate this reactive species through energy transfer with the triplet ground state of oxygen. We describe here a series of novel benzophenazine derivatives as a promising class of photosensitizers for singlet oxygen photosensitization. In this study, we investigated the structure‐activity relationship of these benzophenazine derivatives. Akin to a molecular compass, the southern fragment was first functionalized with either aromatic tertiary amines, alkyl tertiary amines, aromatic sulfur groups, alkyl sulfur groups, or cyclic ethers. Enhanced photophysical properties (in terms of triplet excited‐state lifetime, absorption wavelength, triplet state energy, and O2 quenching capabilities) were obtained with cyclic ether and sulfur groups. Conversely, the presence of an amine moiety was detrimental to the photocatalysts. The western and northern fragments were also investigated and slightly undesirable to negligible changes in photophysical properties were observed. The most promising candidate was then immobilized on silica nanoparticles and its photoactivity was evaluated in the citronellol photooxidation reaction. A high NMR yield of 97 % in desired product was obtained, with only a slight decrease over several recycling runs (85 % in the fourth run). These results provide insights into the design of efficient photosensitizers for singlet oxygen generation and the development of heterogeneous systems.
Phase Transition Control in Molecular Solids via Complementarity of Hydrogen‐Bond Strength
Authors: Du Shan‐Nan , Deng Wei , Liu Jia‐Chuan , Chen Yan‐Cong , Yao Chan‐Ying , Zhou Ying‐Qian , Wu Si‐Guo , Liu Jun‐Liang , Tong Ming‐Liang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhase transitions in molecular solids involve synergistic changes in chemical and electronic structures, leading to diversification in physical and chemical properties. Despite the pivotal role of hydrogen bonds (H‐bonds) in many phase‐transition materials, it is rare and challenging to chemically regulate the dynamics and to elucidate the structure‐property relationship. Here, four high‐spin CoII compounds were isolated and systematically investigated by modifying the ligand terminal groups (X=S, Se) and substituents (Y=Cl, Br). S−Cl and Se−Br undergo a reversible structural phase transition near room temperature, triggering the rotation of 15‐crown‐5 guests and the swing between syn‐ and anti‐conformation of NCX− ligands, accompanied by switchable magnetism. Conversely, S−Br and Se−Cl retain stability in ordered and disordered phases, respectively. H‐bonds geometric analysis and ab initio calculations reveal that the electronegativity of X and Y affects the strength of NY‐ap−H⋅⋅⋅X interactions. Entropy‐driven structural phase transitions occur when the H‐bond strength is appropriate; otherwise, the phase stays unchanged if it is too strong or weak. This work highlights a phase transition driven by H‐bond strength complementarity – pairing strong acceptor with weak donor and vice versa, which offers a straightforward and effective approach for designing phase‐transition molecular solids from a chemical perspective.
PROTOCOL: Breakfast consumption, anthropometry, and nutrition‐related outcomes in adolescents from low‐ and middle‐income countries: Protocol for a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Fischer Jordie A. J. , Thomas Jonathan , van Zutphen‐Küffer Kesso Gabrielle , Ierodiakonou Despo , Kraemer Klaus , Garcia‐Larsen Vanessa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review. The objectives are as follows: The aim of this systematic review is to examine the scientific evidence available from low‐ and middle‐income countries on the association of breakfast consumption habits and anthropometry/adiposity‐ and nutrition‐related outcomes in adolescents aged 10–19 years old.
Addressing financial toxicity in cancer treatment—An opportunity for the 340B drug pricing program
Authors: Faraj Kassem S. , Caram Megan E. V. , Shahinian Vahakn B. , Hollenbeck Brent K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCancer treatment has become increasingly expensive, partially due to the use of specialty drugs. The costs of these drugs are often passed down to patients, who may face the consequences of paying for more than they can afford, leading to financial toxicity. The 340B drug pricing program is a health care policy that may provide an opportunity to mitigate the financial consequences of cancer care. The 340B program requires manufacturers to sell outpatient drugs at a discount to hospitals caring for a significant number of socioeconomically disadvantaged individuals. The program intended for hospitals to use savings from discounted purchases to expand their safety net to vulnerable patients. Some studies have shown that participating hospitals do this by offering more charity and discounted care, whereas others have demonstrated that hospitals fail to sufficiently expand their safety net. A potential flaw of the program is the lack of guidance from governing bodies on how hospitals should use savings from discounted purchases. There has been growing discussion among stakeholders to reform the 340B program given the mixed findings of its effectiveness. With the rising costs of specialty drugs and associated prevalence of financial toxicity in patients with cancer, there is an opportunity to address these issues through reform that improves the program. Directing hospitals to offer specific safety net opportunities, such as passing along discounted drug prices to vulnerable populations, could help the growing number of patients who are financially burdened by medications at the core of the 340B program.
Race has no impact on prostate cancer–specific mortality, when comparing patients with similar risk of other‐cause mortality: An analysis of a population‐based cohort
Authors: Tinsley Shane A. , Finati Marco , Stephens Alex , Chiarelli Giuseppe , Cirulli Giuseppe Ottone , Williams Eric , Morrison Chase , Richard Caleb , Hares Keinnan , Sood Akshay , Buffi Nicolòs , Lughezzani Giovanni , Bettocchi Carlo , Salonia Andrea , Briganti Alberto , Montorsi Francesco , Carrieri Giuseppe , Rogers Craig , Abdollah Firas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundOther‐cause mortality (OCM) can serve as a surrogate for access‐to‐care. The authors sought to compare prostate cancer–specific mortality (PCSM) in Black versus White men matched based on their calculated OCM risk.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried for Black and White men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 2004 to 2009, to collect long‐term follow‐up. A Cox regression was used to calculate the OCM risk using all available covariates. This calculated OCM risk was used to construct a 1:1 propensity score matched (PSM) cohort. Then, a competing‐risks multivariable tested the impact of race on PCSM.ResultsA total of 94,363 patients were identified, with 19,398 Black men and 74,965 White men. The median (IQR) follow‐up was 11.3 years (9.8–12.8). In the unmatched‐cohort at 10‐years, PCSM and OCM were 5.5% versus 3.5% and 13.8% versus 8.4% in non‐Hispanic Black (NHB) versus non‐Hispanic White (NHW) patients (all p < .0001). The standardized mean difference was <0.15 for all covariates, indicating a good match. In the matched cohort at 10‐years, OCM was 13.6% and 10.0% in NHB versus NHW (p < .0001), whereas the PCSM was 5.3% versus 4.7% (p < .01). On competing‐risks multivariable analysis on PCSM, Black men had a hazard ratio of 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 0.98–1.20) compared to White men with a p = .13.ConclusionsThe results of this study showed similar PCSM in Black and White patients, when matched with their calculated OCM risk. This report is the first to indicate at a population‐based level that race has no impact on PCSM.Plain Language Summary

Prostate cancer is a very common cancer among men and it is associated with health disparities that disproportionately impact Black men compared to White men.
There is an on‐going discussion of whether disparities between these two groups stem from genetic or environmental factors.
This study sought to examine if matching based on overall health status, a proxy for the impact of social determinants of health, mitigated significant differences in outcomes.
When matched using risk of death from any cause other than prostate cancer, Black and White men had no significant differences in prostate cancer death.
The LimoFish Circular Economy Process for the Marine Bioeconomy
Authors: Pizzone Daniela Maria , Angellotti Giuseppe , Carabetta Sonia , Di Sanzo Rosa , Russo Mariateresa , Mauriello Francesco , Ciriminna Rosaria , Pagliaro Mario 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe outcomes of applying the zero‐waste extraction “LimoFish” process based on defatting fish processing waste with limonene to leftovers of European sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus), compared to conventional extraction with oil‐derived solvents such as n‐hexane and with petroleum ether, show that the process has general applicability. Meeting the principles of green extraction and those of the marine biorefinery requiring high process efficiency, the process establishes an “innovation through integration” circular economy production route enabling the marine bioeconomy.
An ultra‐miniaturized single‐layer multiband frequency selective surface with vent for wireless communication
Authors: Kanagasabai Malathi , Viswanathan Lavanya , Premkumar Santhya Premdharshini , Mohammed Gulam Nabi Alsath 
Published: May 2024

SummaryA novel single‐layer ultra‐miniaturized multi‐band Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) with a circular vent is designed for shielding LTE and ISM bands. The top layer of the proposed FSS unit cell incorporates a circular patch along with convoluted arms. The designed FSS unit cell exhibits band‐rejection characteristics with a resonance of 800 MHz, 2.45 GHz, and 5 GHz and bandwidths of 523 MHz, 687 MHz, and 725 MHz, respectively. The periodicity of an ultra‐miniaturized FSS unit cell is 0.024λօ x 0.024λօ, encompassing a spatial vent hole of 0.01λօ, where λօ corresponds to the lowest operating frequency. Moreover, the proposed FSS unit cell remains unaltered angular stability up to 75° with less than 1% frequency deviation in TE and TM modes. Good polarization insensitivity for the designed four‐fold symmetrical FSS unit cell is achieved. Further, an Equivalent Circuit Model (ECM) analysis is developed to infer the physical insight of the proposed FSS unit cell. The FSS prototype is measured for the assertion, and the good agreement between the findings from simulation and measurement is validated. For real‐time assertion, the FSS prototype is verified using the Amitech SDR04. Thus, FSS is a promising candidate with good ventilation for shielding the LTE, Bluetooth, and Wi‐Fi application bands.
Human epididymis protein 4 is a useful predictor of post‐operative prognosis in patients with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Ogata Fumihiko , Hanatani Shinsuke , Nakashima Naoya , Yamamoto Masahiro , Shirahama Yuichiro , Ishii Masanobu , Tabata Noriaki , Kusaka Hiroaki , Yamanaga Kenshi , Kanazawa Hisanori , Hoshiyama Tadashi , Takashio Seiji , Usuku Hiroki , Matsuzawa Yasushi , Yamamoto Eiichiro , Soejima Hirofumi , Kawano Hiroaki , Hayashi Hidetaka , Oda Seitaro , Hirai Toshinori , Tsujita Kenichi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThe human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), a novel fibrosis marker, is expressed only in activated fibroblasts and is thought to reflect ongoing left ventricular (LV) fibrosis. LV fibrosis is a feature of severe aortic stenosis (AS) and is related to the post‐operative outcome of patients with AS. We investigated the relationship between serum levels of HE4 and the post‐operative prognosis of patients with severe AS.Methods and resultsWe measured the serum HE4 levels of 55 participants (80.8 ± 8.0 years old, male n = 26, 46%) with severe AS prior to surgical aortic valve replacement (n = 31, 56%) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (n = 24, 44%) at Kumamoto University Hospital in 2018. We followed them for cardiovascular (CV) death or hospitalization for heart failure (HF) for 3 years. Serum HE4 levels were positively correlated with computed tomography–extracellular volume (CT‐ECV) values (r = 0.53, P = 0.004). Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated a significantly higher probability of hospitalization for HF or CV‐related death in the patients with high HE4 (greater than the median HE4 value) compared with the patients with low HE4 (lower than the median HE4 value) (log‐rank P = 0.003). Multivariate analysis showed HE4 (log(HE4)) to be an independent prognostic factor [hazard ratio (HR): 7.50; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.81–31.1; P = 0.005]. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that HE4 is a marker of increased risk of CV‐related death or hospitalization for HF at 3 years after surgery, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.62–0.90; P = 0.003).ConclusionsWe found that HE4 is a potentially useful biomarker for predicting future CV events in patients scheduled for AS surgery. Measuring serum HE4 values could help consider AS surgery.
Camelid‐derived Tcell engagers harnessing human γδ T cells as promising antitumor immunotherapeutic agents
Authors: Boutin Lola , Barjon Clément , Chauvet Morgane , Lafrance Laura , Senechal Eric , Bourges Dorothée , Vigne Emmanuelle , Scotet Emmanuel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the last decade, there has been a surge in developing immunotherapies to enhance the immune system's ability to eliminate tumor cells. Bispecific antibodies known as T cell engagers (TCEs) present an attractive strategy in this pursuit. TCEs aim to guide cytotoxic T cells toward tumor cells, thereby inducing a strong activation and subsequent tumor cell lysis. In this study, we investigated the activity of different TCEs on both conventional alpha‐beta (αβ) T cells and unconventional gamma delta (γδ) T cells. TCEs were built using camelid single‐domain antibodies (VHHs) targeting the tumor‐associated antigen CEACAM5 (CEA), together with T cell receptor chains or a CD3 domain. We show that Vγ9Vδ2 T cells display stronger in vitro antitumor activity than αβ T cells when stimulated with a CD3xCEA TCE. Furthermore, restricting the activation of fresh human peripheral T cells to Vγ9Vδ2 T cells limited the production of protumor factors and proinflammatory cytokines, commonly associated with toxicity in patients. Taken together, our findings provide further insights that γδ T cell‐specific TCEs hold promise as specific, effective, and potentially safe molecules to improve antitumor immunotherapies.
Modeling of magnetohydrodynamic free convection in an enclosure having elliptical sinks using lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Raoudha Chaabane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper adopted the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) to compute a two‐dimensional incompressible convective flow field with two isothermal elliptical sinks attached vertically to the horizontal bottom north side of the enclosure, which is subjected to a horizontal magnetic field. The attained results show that LBM can effectively capture vortex shedding structures and other features inside such complex flow. Also, the Hartmann numbers with a panoply of heated sinks location were studied, and the results showed that fluid flow and heat transfer rate depend on the Hartmann number and are greatly influenced by the heated sinks positions. The effect of the Prandtl number on the average Nusselt number is also highlighted.
Magnetic impacts on double diffusion of a non‐Newtonian NEPCM in a grooved cavity: ANN model with ISPH simulations
Authors: Alsedias Noura , Aly Abdelraheem M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEmploying phase change materials (PCMs) offers the advantage of storing and releasing thermal energy while ensuring temperature stability. This characteristic makes PCMs valuable for reducing energy usage across various industrial applications. To explore the magnetic effects on double diffusion of a non‐Newtonian nano‐encapsulated phase change material (NEPCM) in a grooved cavity, the present study combined the incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamics (ISPH) approach with an artificial neural network (ANN) model. The grooved shape is made up of three constructed grooves: triangular, curved, and rectangular grooves. In the cavity's walls, three segments of boundaries are considered as , , and . The ANN model correctly predicted the mean Nusselt number and Sherwood number when merged with current ISPH simulations. The study's novelty lies in exploring three distinct thermal and mass scenarios regarding double diffusion of a non‐Newtonian NEPCM within an innovative grooved domain. The relevant parameters include the fractional‐time derivative , power‐law index , Rayleigh number , Hartmann number , Soret–Dufour numbers (Sr and Du), and Lewis number Le. The obtained simulations present the significance of distinct boundary conditions in changing the velocity field, heat capacity ratio, temperature, and concentration in a grooved cavity. The fractional parameter accelerates the shift from unstable to steady condition. The increase in from 1.1 to 1.5 results in a 44.5% drop in the velocity maximum. Because of the Lorentz effect of a magnetic field, increasing from 0 to 50 reduces the maximum velocity by 20.9%.