bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Penyusunan Modul Ajar bagi Guru - Guru Sekolah Alam Le-Cendekia Boarding School Gowa-Sulawesi Selatan
Authors: Jusniar Jusniar , Salempa Pince , Auliah Army , Husain Halimah 
Published: May 2024

Modul ajar merupakan seperangkat kelengkapan pembelajaran sesuai kurikulum merdeka. Perangkat modul ajar ini harus dikembangnkan oleh guru-guru pada implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Dosen UNM sebagai mira kerjasama dengan guru-guru merasa perlu untuk berkontribusi dalam perubahan ini. Wujud tersebut dilakukan dengan melaksanakan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) sebagai darma ketiga bagi dosen, melalui pelatihan penyusunan modul ajar berbasis kurikulum merdeka bagi guru-guru Sekolah Alam Le-Cendekia Boarding School Gowa. Tujuan dilaksanakannya kegiatan ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru – guru. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Pakkatto Kabupaten Gowa Sulawesi Selatan dengan peserta pelatihan yaitu guru – guru Sekolah Alam Le Cendekia sebanyak 15 orang. Kegiatan ini dilakukan oleh dosen pengabdi dari jurusan Kimia FMIPA UNM melalui LP2M. Beberapa hal menjadi pembahasan dalam kegiatan ini diantaranya yaitu gambaran umum Kurikulum merdeka dan modul ajar serta model-model pembelajaran., kedua, Penguatan karakter pancasila dan jenis-jenis model pembelajaran, ketiga, pembelajaran berdiferensiasi; keempat, keragaman dan karakteristik peserta didik. Hasil PKM secara umum direspon “sangat baik” oleh 15 peserta dari hasil jajak persepsi melalui angket yang diberikan oleh tim pengabdi. Mereka berharap kegiatan-kegiatan sejenis ini berkelanjutan untuk lebih meningkatkan profesionalisme guru-guru. Selama pelatihan berlangsung peserta mengikutiya secara antusias terlihat dari keterlibatan peserta secara aktif dalam tahapan diskusi dan berlatih menyusun modul ajar dan lampirannya sesuai dengan materi pelajaran masing-masing. Kata Kunci: Modul ajar, Pelatihan, Kurikulum Merdeka
META SINTETIS LITERASI LINGKUNGAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Andriana Encep , Yuhana Yuyu , Faturohman Maman , Hendracipta Nana , Nurcahyaningrum Intan 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meganalisis kembali tentang pendidikan lingkungan dan literasi lingkungan di Sekolah Dasar. Metode pada penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah meta sintetis dengan menganalisis 10 jurnal yang relevan dengan judul penelitian yang selanjutnya dianalisis secara mendalam. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua artikel yang tertulis mengenai penelitian literasi pendidikan lingkungan di sekolah dasar, jurnal yang dapat diakses melalui google scholar dan science direct. Hasil analisis dari sepuluh jurnal memperoleh hasil bahwa lingkungan sekolah yang mendukung literasi penting untuk diterapkan di Sekolah dasar kepada peserta didik. Karena, literasi dalam lingkungan sekolah perlu digerakkan melalui pembiasaan rutin di sekolah. Untuk itu, guru dan orang tua diharapkan dapat berkerjasama dalam berperan meningkatkan karakter peduli lingkungan dan minat literasi peserta didik.
ANALISIS AWAL KEMAMPUAN LITERASI SISWA SD KELAS RENDAH
Authors: Wahyuni Maria Eni , Nugrahanta Gregorius Ari , Prasetya Andreas Erwin 
Published: May 2024

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan literasi siswa SD kelas rendah. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dan dilaksanakan di SD Santo Yosef Sioban Mentawai pada Agustus sampai Oktober 2023. Data penelitian dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dan dokumentasi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini pendidik, orang tua peserta didik dan peserta didik kelas satu SD Santo Yosef Sioban Mentawai. Objek dalam penelitian ini yakni analisis awal kemampuan literasi siswa SD kelas rendah. Keabsahan data diperiksa menggunakan triangulasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis secara kualitatif Miles & Huberman yakni mengumpulkan suatu data, reduksi suatu data, menyajikan suatu data dan menarik kesimpulan. Hasil atau kesimpulannya yakni kemampuan literasi siswa SD Santo Yosef Sioban Mentawai masih rendah. Hal ini dibuktikan dari 1) rendahnya kemampuan literasi siswa, dan 2) minimnya fasilitas sebagai penunjang keberhasilan proses belajar.
PENGEMBANGAN PERMAINAN MULTIPLY CARD PADA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG PERKALIAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Karlina Lilis , Yandari Indhira Asih Vivi , Alamsyah Trian Pamungkas 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui proses pengembangan, kelayakan media, dan respon peserta didik terhadap media permainan Multiply Card pada materi operasi hitung perkalian dalam pembelajaran kontekstual di kelas IV sekolah dasar. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model pengembangan 4D yang terdiri dari 4 fase atau tahapan, yaitu (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). Teknik pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara, angket, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 36 peserta didik kelas IV SDN Ranca Iyuh IV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelayakan media permainan Multiply Card yang telah dikembangkan, berdasarkan hasil uji validasi produk dari ahli media memperoleh kriteria sangat layak, dan dari hasil uji validasi ahli materi memperoleh kriteria sangat layak. Hasil penilaian kelayakan media permainan Multiply Card juga di dukung oleh penilaian angket hasil respon peserta didik. Hasil angket respon peserta didik memperoleh kriteria sangat baik. Dengan demikian hasil penelitian pengembangan media permainan Multiply Card sangat layak dan sangat baik untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran peserta didik kelas IV SD.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF PADA MATA PELAJARAN GEOGRAFI
Authors: Puspitasari Henny , Nurbani  , Fatmawati Erni 
Published: May 2024

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kurangnya minat siswa dalam proses pembelajaran karena media pembelajaran yang digunakan masih berupa buku cetak dan peran guru sangat mendominasi dalam proses pembelajaran pada matapelajaran Geografi. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif agar siswa aktif belajar dan menciptakan kemandirian belajar siswa. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu: 1) untuk mengetahui pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif pada mata pelajaran Geografi, 2) untuk mengetahui kelayakan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif pada interaktif pada mata pelajaran Geografi, 3) untuk mengetahui siswa setelah menggunakan media pembelajaran berbasis multimedia interaktif pada interaktif pada mata pelajaran Geografi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam yaitu Research and Development (R&D). Metode ini bertujuan mengembangkan produk dan dilakukan penelitian agar layak digunakan oleh siswa. Model pengembangan yang digunakan yaitu Borg and Gall. Alat pengumpul data berupa angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data display dan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu rata-rata skor penilaian ahli materi adalah 110 sehingga dikategorikan layak. Sedangkan rata-rata skor penilaian ahli media adalah 97 sehingga dikategorikan layak. Hasil penilaian respon siswa memiliki skor rata-rata 4 dengan kategori baik.
On the Structure of the Sagittarius Spiral Arm in the Inner Milky Way
Authors: Bian S. B. , Wu Y. W. , Xu Y. , Reid M. J. , Li J. J. , Zhang B. , Menten K. M. , Moscadelli L. , Brunthaler A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We report measurements of trigonometric parallax and proper motion for two 6.7 GHz methanol and two 22 GHz water masers located in the far portion of the Sagittarius spiral arm as part of the BeSSeL Survey. Distances for these sources are estimated from parallax measurements combined with three-dimensional kinematic distances. The distances of G033.64−00.22, G035.57−00.03, G041.15−00.20, and G043.89−00.78 are 9.9 ± 0.5, 10.2 ± 0.6, 7.6 ± 0.5, and 7.5 ± 0.3 kpc, respectively. Based on these measurements, we suggest that the Sagittarius arm segment beyond about 8 kpc from the Sun in the first Galactic quadrant should be adjusted radially outward relative to previous models. This supports the suggestion of Xu et al. that the Sagittarius and Perseus spiral arms might merge in the first quadrant before spiraling inward to the far end of the Galactic bar.
Age Analysis of Extrasolar Planets: Insight from Stellar Isochrone Models
Authors: Swastik C. , Banyal Ravinder K. , Narang Mayank , Unni Athira , Sivarani T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
There is growing evidence from stellar kinematics and galactic chemical evolution suggesting that giant planets (M

P
≥ 0.3M

J
) are relatively young compared to the most commonly occurring population of small planets (M

P
< 0.3M

J
). To further test the validity of these results, we analyzed the ages for a large number of 2336 exoplanet hosting stars determined using three different but well-established isochrone fitting models, namely, PARSEC, MIST, and Yonsei Yale. As input parameters, we used Gaia DR3 parallaxes, magnitudes, and photometric temperature, as well as spectroscopically determined more accurate temperatures and metallicities from the Sweet Catalog. Our analysis suggests that ∼50%–70% of stars with planets are younger than the Sun. We also find that, among the confirmed exoplanetary systems, stars hosting giant planets are even younger compared to small planet hosts. The median age of ∼2.61–3.48 Gyr estimated for the giant planet-hosting stars (depending on the model input parameters) suggests that the later chemical enrichment of the galaxy by the iron-peak elements, largely produced from Type Ia supernovae, may have paved the way for the formation of gas giants. Furthermore, within the giant planet population itself, stars hosting hot Jupiters (orbital period ≤10 days) are found to be younger compared to the stellar hosts of cool and warm Jupiters (orbital period >10 days), implying that hot Jupiters could be the youngest systems to emerge in the progression of planet formation.
The Complexity of Emerging Magnetic Flux during the Lifetime of Solar Ephemeral Regions
Authors: Yang Hanlin , Jin Chunlan , Wang Zifan , Wang Jingxiu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
As a relatively active region, the ephemeral region (ER) exhibits a highly complex pattern of magnetic flux emergence. We aim to study in detail the secondary flux emergences (SFEs), which we define as bipoles that appear close to ERs and finally coalesce with ERs after a period of time. We study SFEs during the whole process, from the emergence to the decay of five ERs observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. The maximum unsigned magnetic flux for each ER is around 1020 Mx. Each ER has tens of SFEs with an average emerging magnetic flux of approximately 5 × 1018 Mx. The frequency of normalized magnetic flux for all the SFEs follows a power-law distribution with an index of −2.08. The majority of SFEs occur between the positive and negative polarities of an ER, and their growth time is concentrated within 1 hr. The magnetic axis of SFE is found to exhibit a random distribution in the five ERs. We suggest that the relationship between SFEs and ERs can be understood by regarding the photospheric magnetic field observations as cross sections of an emerging magnetic structure. Tracking the evolution of ERs, we propose that these SFEs in ERs may have emerged consequentially from the bundle of flux tubes of ERs and that SFEs are partially emerged Ω-loops.
Exploring the Maximum Magnitude versus Rate of Decline Relation for Novae in M31
Authors: Clark J. Grace , Hornoch Kamil , Shafter Allen W. , Kučáková Hana , Vraštil Jan , Kušnirák Peter , Wolf Marek 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The results of a two-decade-long R-band photometric survey of novae in M31 are presented. From these data, R-band light curves have been determined for 180 novae with data sufficient for estimating the peak brightness and subsequent rate of decline. The data show a weak correlation of peak brightness with fade rate consistent with the well-known maximum magnitude versus rate of decline (MMRD) relation. As generally appreciated for Galactic novae, the large scatter in the MMRD relation precludes its use in determining distances to individual novae. The novae at maximum light are distributed with standard deviation σ = 0.89 mag about a mean R-band absolute magnitude given by 〈M

R
〉 = −7.57 ± 0.07. The overall M31 luminosity distribution is in excellent agreement with that found for Galactic novae suggesting that the nova populations in M31 and the Galaxy are quite similar. The notion that all novae can be characterized by a standard luminosity 15 days after maximum light (M
15) is also explored. Surprisingly, the distribution of M
15 values is characterized by a standard deviation only slightly smaller than that for novae at maximum light and thus offers little promise for precise extragalactic distance determinations. A dozen faint and fast novae that are likely to be previously unidentified recurrent novae have been identified from their position in the MMRD plot and in the M
15 distribution.
Neutrophil-Derived Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase Activity Contributes to Pulmonary Emphysema by Enhancing Elastin Degradation
Authors: Murphy Mark P , Hunt David , Herron Malcolm , McDonnell Jake , Alshuhoumi Rashed , McGarvey Lorcan P , Fabré Aurelie , O’Brien Helen , McCarthy Cormac , Martin S Lorraine , McElvaney Noel G , Reeves Emer P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), inflammation gives rise to protease-mediated degradation of the key extracellular matrix protein, elastin, which causes irreversible loss of pulmonary function. Intervention against proteolysis has met with limited success in COPD, due in part to our incomplete understanding of the mechanisms that underlie disease pathogenesis. Peptidyl arginine deiminase (PAD) enzymes are a known modifier of proteolytic susceptibility, but their involvement in COPD in the lungs of affected individuals is underexplored. In this study, we showed that enzyme isotypes PAD2 and PAD4 are present in primary granules of neutrophils and that cells from people with COPD release increased levels of PADs when compared with neutrophils of healthy control subjects. By examining bronchoalveolar lavage and lung tissue samples of patients with COPD or matched smoking and nonsmoking counterparts with normal lung function, we reveal that COPD presents with markedly increased airway concentrations of PADs. Ex vivo, we established citrullinated elastin in the peripheral airways of people with COPD, and in vitro, elastin citrullination significantly enhanced its proteolytic degradation by serine and matrix metalloproteinases, including neutrophil elastase and matrix metalloprotease-12, respectively. These results provide a mechanism by which neutrophil-released PADs affect lung function decline, indicating promise for the future development of PAD-based therapeutics for preserving lung function in patients with COPD.
Influence of Credit Risk Management Practices on Loan Performance: A Case of Selected Microfinance Institutions in Tanzania
Authors: Mwakujonga Joshua , Komba Coretha 
Published: May 2024

This research investigates the influence of credit risk management practices on loan performance of microfinance institutions. The variables of interest in this study are credit appraisal, credit supervision, credit monitoring (as predictor variables) and loan performance (as dependent variable). However, the study includes average credit processing time as a control variable. The study focuses on five microfinance institutions operating in Tanzania. The research utilizes probability and non-probability sampling to select 140 respondents from the study population. The study collected both primary and secondary data. Data analysis was carried out by applying multiple regression analysis following the assumptions of ordinary least squares (OLS). The findings reveal that credit supervision, credit monitoring, and average credit process time are significant in influencing loan performance in microfinance institutions. Contrary, there is no evidence, whatsoever to suggest that credit supervision influences loan performance in microfinance institutions.
Design and implementation of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for image capture in enterprise farming
Authors: Ukwueze T.K. , Nwafor S.C. , Ugwueze K.O. , Nnadozie E.C. , Odo M. , Ezechi6 U. , Chukwuma C.K. , Okafor K. , Ani A.O. 
Published: May 2024

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), also known as drone is one of the most interesting emerging technologies with a wide range of applications including agriculture, surveillance, security, search and rescue, mapping, farmland surveying, and wildlife conservation, among others. In Nigeria, UAV is gaining popularity in applications such as in social functions for taking both moving and static pictures, military and security, mapping and agriculture. In this work, an UAV was designed, some components produced by 3D printing, coupled and tested with certain level of local content in view. The UAV is a quadcopter equipped with a camera for real-time image capture of farmlands and it can perform autonomous missions by using global positioning system (GPS) waypoints. The weight of the quadcopter was approximately calculated and hence the electrical and mechanical components selected using a standard empirical design table. The thrust to weight ratio was set at 2:1. Autodesk Maya and Inventor software were used to design the frame in two parts: the frame arms on which the propellers are mounted and the central connecting part that links the four arms. The arms are made up of aluminum square pipes while the central connecting part for the arms was printed with a 3D printer (200 x 200 x 200 Wanhao duplicator i3) using PolyEthylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) Filament material of 1.75mm standard gauge. Material selection was based on material strength, cost and availability. NCH Debut video and image capture software was used to record live feeds from the UAV onboard camera. Functionality tests for lift, stability, yaw, roll, pitch, loiter, auto landing, return to launch, flight time, altitude/signal, auto mission using GPS waypoints were carried out with the completed UAV on a less windy day to avoid the influence of wind. It was generally observed that the UAV successfully took off the ground, gained stability, flew to over 100m height, captured aerial photographs of the land below it while on flight at the required height and landed safely. Cost saving advantage of 45.28% was achieved when compared to imported equivalent types.
Investigation of leachate infiltration on groundwater using georesistivity and natural electric field method around Ojoou-Olayanju’s dumpsite, Ada, southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Adeniji A.A. , Ajani O.O. , Adagunodo T.A. , Kolawole T. 
Published: May 2024

The investigation of groundwater within the dumpsite environment is highly important in geophysical study. This is because the extent of interaction between the aquiferous medium and the contaminated zone could pose a serious threat to the end users especially humans when consumed. This research aimed at investigating leachate infiltration and its potential influence on groundwater at Ojoou Olayanju's Dumpsite using combining geo-resistivity and natural electric field (NEF) methods. In this study, five dipole-dipole and five NEF measurements were obtained using the Omega resistivity meters and PQWT-150 equipment respectively. The dipole-dipole method was deployed to obtain a 2D near-surface pseudo-section, and the NEF method was used to obtain the frequency curve and profile maps of electric potential difference. The dipoledipole results revealed the lateral variation in the resistivity along the traverses, suggesting that the materials within this near-surface are heterogeneous, and the closely spaced contours' varying gradients indicate fracture, which would facilitate potential leachate filtration. The NEF results revealed curves, and a subsurface image with respect to depth and profile distance. The points of convergence signals on the frequency model correspond to a medium with low resistivity on the profile map. The conductive medium is seen as being saturated with leachate, which suggests that very large portion of the study area around the dumpsite has been contaminated by leachate. Conclusively, it was revealed that leachate filtration is evidence especially at the topsoil and due to the presence of fractured zones, the groundwater quality is at risk of contamination by continuous filtration of leachate
Sustainable faecal sludge management in Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) settlements in tropical climate: A review
Authors: Orugba H.O. , Osagie C. , Owamah H.I. , Edomwonyi-Otu L.C. 
Published: May 2024

In settlements for internally displaced persons (IDPs), achieving sustainable on-site faecal sludge management is crucial. Effective stabilization and treatment methods are vital, as the wrong choices can result in dire sanitary conditions. Tropical climate, marked by low- income settings and overburdened sanitation facilities, pose unique challenges that demand tailored solutions. This review paper focuses on simplicity, cost-efficiency, and minimal land requirements for stabilization, along with affordability, low health risks, and valuable end-products for treatment. Notable findings include mechanical presses, planted drying beds, and solar greenhouse drying beds as robust stabilization methods, while microwave heating, black soldier fly larvae, and anaerobic digestion show promise as sustainable treatment techniques. Adopting these techniques promises sustainable faecal sludge management and potential improvements in living standards. This paper guides the way toward enhanced sanitation and well-being in the toughest conditions.
Reinforcement of cement tiles with palm kernel shell particles as natural fibre
Authors: Edeh J.C. , Peters J.F. , Eni-Ikeh S.N. , Abuh M.A. , Ndubisi P.C. 
Published: May 2024

This study focused on the experimental investigation of the effect of palm kernel shell particulate reinforcement on the mechanical properties of cement-based tiles. Five samples of cement tiles reinforced with different compositions of kernel shell of 1440 µm particle size at predetermined moisture content were produced against a control sample to ascertain the composition that offered the best suitable properties for the functional requirements of cement tiles at reduced cost. For all the samples produced, evaluations for bulk density, apparent porosity, water absorption capacity, and flexural strength were investigated. The results showed that porosity, water absorption capacity, and apparent density decreased with an increase in the palm kernel shell compositions while bulked density increased. The variation with 80 % cement and 20 % palm kernel shell fibre reinforcement (Sample B) demonstrated optimal tile quality with apparent porosity of 10.35 %, a water absorption capacity of 5.47 %, bulk density of 1.89 g/cm3, and flexural strength of 37.21 kgF/ cm2 . It was evident that the flexural strength of sample B met the ASTMC293 standard cement tiles requirement of 35 kgF/cm2 to 40 kgF/ cm2 thus the optimal volume fraction with improved surface characteristics and recommended for applications where hard and heavy materials are used on tiles.