bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coexistence of nonfluorescent chromoproteins and fluorescent proteins in massive Porites spp. corals manifesting a pink pigmentation response
Authors: Suzuki Toshiyuki , Casareto Beatriz E. , Yucharoen Mathinee , Dohra Hideo , Suzuki Yoshimi 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionSeveral fluorescent proteins (FPs) and chromoproteins (CPs) are present in anthozoans and play possible roles in photoprotection. Coral tissues in massive corals often display discoloration accompanied by inflammation. Incidences of the pink pigmentation response (PPR) in massive Porites, described as inflammatory pink lesions of different shapes and sizes, has recently increased worldwide. FPs are reported to be present in PPR lesions, wherein a red fluorescent protein (RFP) appears to play a role in reducing reactive oxygen species. However, to date, the biochemical characterization and possible roles of the pigments involved are poorly understood. The present study aimed to identify and characterize the proteins responsible for pink discoloration in massive Porites colonies displaying PPRs, as well as to assess the differential distribution of pigments and the antioxidant properties of pigmented areas.MethodCPs were extracted from PPR lesions using gel-filtration chromatography and identified via genetic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The coexistence of CPs and RFP in coral tissues was assessed using microscopic observation. Photosynthetic antivity and hydrogen peroxide-scavenging activitiy were measured to assess coral stress conditions.ResultsThe present study revealed that the same CP (plut2.m8.16902.m1) isolated from massive Porites was present in both the pink spot and patch morphologies of the PPR. CPs were also found to coexist with RFP in coral tissues that manifested a PPR, with a differential distribution (coenosarc or tip of polyps’ tentacles). High hydrogen peroxide-scavenging rates were found in tissues affected by PPR.Discussion and ConclusionThe coexistence of CPs and RFP suggests their possible differential role in coral immunity. CPs, which are specifically expressed in PPR lesions, may serve as an antioxidant in the affected coral tissue. Overall, this study provides new knowledge to our understanding of the role of CPs in coral immunity.
Winter wheat ear counting based on improved YOLOv7x and Kalman filter tracking algorithm with video streaming
Authors: Xu Xingmei , Zhou Lei , Yu Helong , Sun Guangyao , Fei Shuaipeng , Zhu Jinyu , Ma Yuntao 
Published: June 2024

Accurate and real-time field wheat ear counting is of great significance for wheat yield prediction, genetic breeding and optimized planting management. In order to realize wheat ear detection and counting under the large-resolution Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) video, Space to depth (SPD) module was added to the deep learning model YOLOv7x. The Normalized Gaussian Wasserstein Distance (NWD) Loss function is designed to create a new detection model YOLOv7xSPD. The precision, recall, F1 score and AP of the model on the test set are 95.85%, 94.71%, 95.28%, and 94.99%, respectively. The AP value is 1.67% higher than that of YOLOv7x, and 10.41%, 39.32%, 2.96%, and 0.22% higher than that of Faster RCNN, SSD, YOLOv5s, and YOLOv7. YOLOv7xSPD is combined with the Kalman filter tracking and the Hungarian matching algorithm to establish a wheat ear counting model with the video flow, called YOLOv7xSPD Counter, which can realize real-time counting of wheat ears in the field. In the video with a resolution of 3840×2160, the detection frame rate of YOLOv7xSPD Counter is about 5.5FPS. The counting results are highly correlated with the ground truth number (R2 = 0.99), and can provide model basis for wheat yield prediction, genetic breeding and optimized planting management.
Can transcranial photobiomodulation improve cognitive function in TBI patients? A systematic review
Authors: Zeng Jia , Wang Chen , Chai Yuan , Lei Danyun , Wang Qiuli 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionTranscranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technology which has become a promising therapy for treating many brain diseases. Although it has been confirmed in studies targeting neurological diseases including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s that tPBM can improve cognitive function, the effectiveness of interventions targeting TBI patients remains to be determined. This systematic review examines the cognitive outcomes of clinical trials concerning tPBM in the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsWe conducted a systematic literature review, following the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched before October 31, 2023.ResultsThe initial search retrieved 131 articles, and a total of 6 studies were finally included for full text-analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria.ConclusionResults showed improvements in cognition for patients with chronic TBI after tPBM intervention. The mechanism may be that tPBM increases the volume of total cortical gray matter (GM), subcortical GM, and thalamic, improves cerebral blood flow (CBF), functional connectivity (FC), and cerebral oxygenation, improving brain function. However, due to the significant heterogeneity in application, we cannot summarize the optimal parameters for tPBM treatment of TBI. In addition, there is currently a lack of RCT studies in this field. Therefore, given this encouraging but uncertain finding, it is necessary to conduct randomized controlled clinical trials to further determine the role of tPBM in cognitive rehabilitation of TBI patients.
Comparison of intranasal naloxone and intranasal nalmefene in a translational model assessing the impact of synthetic opioid overdose on respiratory depression and cardiac arrest
Authors: Laffont Celine M. , Purohit Prasad , Delcamp Nash , Gonzalez-Garcia Ignacio , Skolnick Phil 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionUsing a validated translational model that quantitatively predicts opioid-induced respiratory depression and cardiac arrest, we compared cardiac arrest events caused by synthetic opioids (fentanyl, carfentanil) following rescue by intranasal (IN) administration of the μ-opioid receptor antagonists naloxone and nalmefene.MethodsThis translational model was originally developed by Mann et al. (Clin Pharmacol Ther 2022) to evaluate the effectiveness of intramuscular (IM) naloxone. We initially implemented this model using published codes, reproducing the effects reported by Mann et al. on the incidence of cardiac arrest events following intravenous doses of fentanyl and carfentanil as well as the reduction in cardiac arrest events following a standard 2 mg IM dose of naloxone. We then expanded the model in terms of pharmacokinetic and µ-opioid receptor binding parameters to simulate effects of 4 mg naloxone hydrochloride IN and 3 mg nalmefene hydrochloride IN, both FDA-approved for the treatment of opioid overdose. Model simulations were conducted to quantify the percentage of cardiac arrest in 2000 virtual patients in both the presence and absence of IN antagonist treatment.ResultsFollowing simulated overdoses with both fentanyl and carfentanil in chronic opioid users, IN nalmefene produced a substantially greater reduction in the incidence of cardiac arrest compared to IN naloxone. For example, following a dose of fentanyl (1.63 mg) producing cardiac arrest in 52.1% (95% confidence interval, 47.3-56.8) of simulated patients, IN nalmefene reduced this rate to 2.2% (1.0-3.8) compared to 19.2% (15.5-23.3) for IN naloxone. Nalmefene also produced large and clinically meaningful reductions in the incidence of cardiac arrests in opioid naïve subjects. Across dosing scenarios, simultaneous administration of four doses of IN naloxone were needed to reduce the percentage of cardiac arrest events to levels that approached those produced by a single dose of IN nalmefene.ConclusionSimulations using this validated translational model of opioid overdose demonstrate that a single dose of IN nalmefene produces clinically meaningful reductions in the incidence of cardiac arrest compared to IN naloxone following a synthetic opioid overdose. These findings are especially impactful in an era when &gt;90% of all opioid overdose deaths are linked to synthetic opioids such as fentanyl.
Network analysis of occupational stress and job satisfaction among radiologists
Authors: Ji Juan , He Bosheng , Gong Shenchu , Sheng Meihong , Ruan Xiwu 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundOccupational stress and job satisfaction significantly impact the well-being and performance of healthcare professionals, including radiologists. Understanding the complex interplay between these factors through network analysis can provide valuable insights into intervention strategies to enhance workplace satisfaction and productivity.MethodIn this study, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 312 radiologists for participation. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, job satisfaction measured by the Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire revised short version (MJSQ-RSV), and occupational stress assessed using the occupational stress scale. Network analysis was employed to analyze the data in this study.ResultsThe network analysis revealed intricate patterns of associations between occupational stress and job satisfaction symptoms among radiologists. Organizational management and occupational interests emerged as crucial nodes in the network, indicating strong relationships within these domains. Additionally, intrinsic satisfaction was identified as a central symptom with high connectivity in the network structure. The stability analysis demonstrated robustness in the network edges and centrality metrics, supporting the reliability of the findings.ConclusionThis study sheds light on the complex relationships between occupational stress and job satisfaction in radiologists, offering valuable insights for targeted interventions and support strategies to promote well-being and job satisfaction in healthcare settings.
Lymph node dissection in lung cancer surgery: a comparison between robot-assisted vs. video-assisted thoracoscopic approach
Authors: Hurley Patrick Deniz , Fabbri Giulia , Berjaoui Nabih , Patel Akshay Jatin , Lampridis Savvas , Routledge Tom , Bille Andrea 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundTNM staging is the most important prognosticator for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Staging has significant implications for the treatment modality for these patients. Lymph node dissection in robot-assisted thoracoscopic (RATS) surgery remains an area of ongoing evaluation. In this study, we aim to compare lymph node dissection in RATS and VATS approach for lung resection in NSCLC patients.MethodsWe retrospectively compiled a database of 717 patients from July 31, 2015–July 7, 2022, who underwent either a wedge resection, segmentectomy or lobectomy. We analysed the database according to lymph node dissection. The database was divided into RATS (n = 375) and VATS (n = 342) procedures.ResultsThe mean number of lymph nodes harvested overall with RATS was 6.1 ± 1.5 nodes; with VATS approach, it was 5.53 ± 1.8 nodes. The mean number of N1 stations harvested was 2.66 ± 0.8 with RATS, 2.36 ± 0.9 with VATS. RATS approach showed statistically higher lymph node dissection rates compared to VATS (p = 0.002). Out of the 375 RATS procedures, 26 (6.4%) patients undergoing a RATS procedure were upstaged from N0/N1 staging to N2. N0/N1–N2 upstaging was reported in 28 of 342 (8.2%) patients undergoing a VATS procedure. The majority of upstaging was seen in N0–N2 disease: 19 of 375 (5%) for RATS and 23 of 342 (6.7%) for VATS.ConclusionsWe conclude that in RATS procedures, there is a higher rate of lymph node dissection compared to VATS procedures. Upstaging was mostly seen in N0–N2 disease, this was observed at a higher rate with VATS procedures.
The Mucus-Binding Factor Mediates Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 Adhesion but Not Immunomodulation in the Respiratory Tract
Authors: Zhou Binghui , Elean Mariano , Arce Lorena , Fukuyama Kohtaro , Tomotsune Kae , Dentice Maidana Stefania , Saha Sudeb , Namai Fu , Nishiyama Keita , Vizoso-Pinto María Guadalupe , Villena Julio , Kitazawa Haruki 
Published: June 2024

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 possesses immunomodulatory activities in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts when administered orally. Its adhesion to the intestinal mucosa does not condition its beneficial effects. The intranasal administration of L. rhamnosus CRL1505 is more effective than the oral route at modulating immunity in the respiratory tract. Nonetheless, it has not yet been established whether the adherence of the CRL1505 strain to the respiratory mucosa is needed to provide the immune benefits to the host. In this study, we evaluated the role of adhesion to the respiratory mucosa of the mucus-binding factor (mbf) knock-out L. rhamnosus CRL1505 mutant (Δmbf CRL1505) in the context of a Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3)-triggered innate immunity response. In vitro adhesion studies in porcine bronchial epitheliocytes (PBE cells) indicated that L. rhamnosus Δmbf CRL1505 adhered weakly compared to the wild-type strain. However, in vivo studies in mice demonstrated that the Δmbf CRL1505 also reduced lung damage and modulated cytokine production in the respiratory tract after the activation of TLR3 to a similar extent as the wild-type strain. In addition, the mutant and the wild-type strains modulated the production of cytokines and antiviral factors by alveolar macrophages in the same way. These results suggest that the Mbf protein is partially involved in the ability of L. rhamnosus CRL1505 to adhere to the respiratory epithelium, but the protein is not necessary for the CRL1505 strain to exert its immunomodulatory beneficial effects. These findings are a step forward in the understanding of molecular interactions that mediate the beneficial effects of nasally administered probiotics.
Egyptian Pilgrimage Route (Darb Al-Hajj Al-Misriy). A Key Link in the Sacred Geography of the Islamic World (17th–18th Centuries)
Authors: Кириллина С.А. 
Published: June 2024

В Средние века в мире ислама сложилась разветвленная сеть паломнических путей в святые земли Аравии, среди которых особое место занимал маршрут египетского каравана хаджа, который аккумулировал массы паломников из Магриба, центральных районов и восточного побережья Африки. Он проходил через Суэцкий перешеек, Синайский полуостров, порт ʻАкаба до Мекки. Будучи самым популярным паломническим маршрутом в доосманское время, дарб ал-хадж ал-мисрий сохранил свою значимость и востребованность в османскую эпоху. Как и в других частях арабо-османского мира, в Египте институт паломничества и связанные с ним многообразные мероприятия отражали уровень эффективности работы местных властей. В то же время контроль османских султанов над ключевыми паломническими маршрутами, в том числе над египетским, служил делу идеологического единения сообщества мусульман – уммы. При османах дарб ал-хадж ал-мисрий совершенствовался и модернизировался. На траектории продвижения паломников появлялись новые места для отдыха и водопоя, ремонтировались и расширялись старые. Узловые стоянки на пути хаджа представляли собой укрепленные пункты с крепостными сооружениями, защитными и сигнальными башнями, колодцами и каменными резервуарами с питьевой водой, небольшими мечетями, постоялыми дворами – ханами, загонами для животных, складами и рынками. Однако с развитием и модификацией современной инфраструктуры традиционные «паломнические тропы» стали неминуемо приходить в упадок, постепенно превращаясь в памятники истории.
In the Middle Ages, the Islamic world developed an extensive network of pilgrimage routes to the holy lands of Arabia. The Egyptian Hajj caravan route playing a special role, drawing large numbers of pilgrims from the Maghreb, central regions, and the eastern coast of Africa. It traversed the Isthmus of Suez, the Sinai Peninsula, and the port of Aqaba en route to Mecca. As the most popular pilgrimage route in the pre-Ottoman era, the darb Al-Hajj Al-Misriy remained significant and in high demand during the Ottoman period. In Egypt, as in other parts of the Arab-Ottoman world, the institution of pilgrimage and its various associated activities demonstrated the effectiveness of local governance. Moreover, the Ottoman sultans' control over key pilgrimage routes, including the Egyptian one, reinforced the ideological unity of the Muslim community, the Ummah. Under the Ottomans, the darb al-hajj al-misriy was improved and modernized. New rest stops and watering spots emerged along the pilgrims' route, while old ones were renovated and expanded. Key stops on the Hajj route featured fortified posts with defensive and signal towers, wells, stone water reservoirs, small mosques, inns (khans), animal pens, warehouses, and markets. However, with the development and modification of modern infrastructure, traditional 'pilgrimage trails' inevitably began to decline, gradually transforming into historical monuments.
The Sacred Space of Hagia Sophia / Aya-Sofia in the Perception of European Artists
Authors: Якушев М.И. 
Published: June 2024

В статье рассказывается об истории храма Святой Софии, пережившей несколько периодов в своей истории: византийский, латинский, вновь византийский, османский и турецкий. Падение Константинополя и обращение Софийского храма в главную мечеть османских султанов положил конец его посещению христианскими паломниками и путешественниками, изменил ее внешний и внутренний облик, который до 2-й пол. XVII в. оставался неизвестным для европейцев. С появлением первого художника и путешественника внутри мечети в 1672 г. дало представление о том, как изменился и менялся ее облик в результате предпринимаемых султанами шагов по исламизации внутреннего и внешнего убранства мечети. В результате в середине 2-й половине XVIII в. Айя София практически полностью приобрела вид традиционной мечети. После реставрации Гаспара Фоссати (1847-1849 гг.,) Софийская мечеть частично вернула себе прежний византийский облик. В изданный альбом цветных литографий с изображениями Софийской мечети Фоссати включил акварели с ее видами до и после капитального ремонта. Благодаря работам европейских художников у современного зрителя и читателя есть возможность проследить динамику изменения облика мечети в сторону еще большего омечетивания и частичного возвращения ей утраченного византийского облика, когда Айя София превратилась из действующей соборной мечети в государственный музей в 1935 г.
The article tells about the history of the Church of Hagia Sophia, which has gone through several periods: Byzantine, Latin, Byzantine again, Ottoman and Turkish. The fall of Constantinople and the conversion of Hagia Sophia Church into the principal mosque of the Ottoman sultans put an end to its visits by Christian pilgrims and travellers, changed its appearance and internal view, which remained unknown to Europeans until the 2nd half of the 17 century. With the appearance of the first artist and traveler inside the mosque in 1672, it gave an idea of how its view had changed and changed as a result of the efforts taken by the sultans to Islamize the interior and exterior view of Aya-Sofia Mosque. As a result, in the middle of the 2nd half of the 18 century Hagia Sophia almost completely acquired the appearance of a traditional mosque. After the restoration of Gaspar Fossati (1847-1849), the Aya-Sofia Mosque partially regained its former Byzantine appearance. In the published album of color lithographs with images of the Sofia Mosque, Fossati included watercolours with its views before and after major repairs. Thanks to the works of European artists, the modern viewer and reader have the opportunity to trace the dynamics of the change in the appearance of the mosque towards even greater marking and partial restoration of its lost Byzantine appearance, when Aya-Sofia turned in 1935 from an acting mosque into a state museum.
Al Jahra as a Symbol of Kuwaiti Military Valor
Authors: Мелкумян Е.С. 
Published: June 2024

В статье анализируется феномен сакрализации битвы при Эль-Джахре, которая произошла в 1920 г. между ихванами Недждийского эмира Абдель Азиза Аль Сауда (Ибн Сауда) в ходе его завоевательного похода, результатом которого стало образование Саудовского королевства. В новейшей истории Кувейта битва при Эль-Джахре была превращена в символом воинской доблести и героизма кувейтцев, проявивших готовность к единению и солидарности. В статье рассматривается изложение работ по истории Саудовской Аравии, в которых эта битва была представлена как незначительный эпизод, не оказавший какого-либо влияния на ход военной кампании Ибн Сауда по захвату территорий, вошедших в состав создаваемого им государства. В этих работах тот факт, что войска ихванов не захватили Эль-Джахру, объясняется исключительно вмешательством британцев. В историографии современной истории Кувейта битва при Эль-Джахре описывается как подвиг кувейтцев, выдержавших осаду крепости, куда они отступили, и вынудивших своих врагов уйти, понеся огромные потери. Автор статьи анализирует различные тексты с изложением событий, связанных с битвой при Эль-Джахре, с тем, чтобы продемонстрировать мифологизацию этого исторического события, которое было превращено в национальный символ героизма кувейтского народа, что стало важнейшим элементом в формировании национальной кувейтской идентичности.
The article analyzes the phenomenon of sacralization of the Battle of Jahra, which took place in 1920 between the Ikhwans of Emir of Nejd Abdul Aziz Al Saud (Ibn Saud) during his conquest campaign that resulted in the establishment of the Saudi kingdom. In recent Kuwaiti history, the Battle of Jahra has become emblematic of the military valor and heroism demonstrated by Kuwaitis, reflecting their commitment to unity and solidarity. The article examines historical works on Saudi Arabia that portray the battle as a minor event with little impact on Ibn Saud's military campaign to expand his emerging state's territories. These works solely attribute the Ikhwan forces' failure to capture Al Jahra to British interference. Contemporary Kuwaiti historiography depicts the Battle of Jahra as a heroic stand by the Kuwaitis, who defended the fortress they had retreated to, repelled their foes, and inflicted severe losses on them. The article's author analyzes various narratives about the Battle of Jahra to expose its mythologization into a national symbol of Kuwaiti heroism, a key component in shaping Kuwaiti national identity.