bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acromioclavicular joint cyst formation
Authors: Hiller Andrew D. , Miller Joshua D. , Zeller John L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAcromioclavicular joint (ACJ) cysts are an uncommon and unusual sequela associated with shoulder pathophysiology. The majority of literature on ACJ cysts consists of individual case reports with no definitive literature review currently available. In addition to a comprehensive literature review, four clinical cases are presented in this report. First described by Craig (1984), a total of 41 cases have been previously reported in the literature. Of these cases, five occurred with the rotator cuff musculature intact. The remaining 36 cases of ACJ cysts occurred in patients with a complete tear/avulsion of the rotator cuff. Previous attempts at compiling a complete record of all reported cases have combined several distinct conditions into a single category. This article presents two distinct etiologies for the pathogenesis of ACJ cyst formation. In the presence of an intact rotator cuff, a Type 1 cyst can form superficially and be limited to the ACJ. Following a massive or traumatic tear of the rotator cuff, mechanical instability of the humeral head can cause a deterioration of the inferior acromioclavicular capsule (cuff tear arthropathy) and an overproduction of synovial fluid. Overtime, a “geyser” of fluid can form between the glenohumeral and the ACJ, forming a Type 2 cyst. This differentiation and categorization is essential for appropriate classification and treatment. Clin. Anat. 23:145–152, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The evaluation of two references for restoring proximal femoral anatomy during total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Unnanuntana Aasis , Toogood Paul , Hart Daniel , Cooperman Daniel , Grant Richard E. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe morphologic features of the proximal femur are used in preoperative planning prior to total hip arthroplasty (THA). In this study we evaluated two references that have been widely used during THA to restore the normal anatomy of the proximal femur: (1) the distance from the lesser trochanter to the center of femoral head and (2) the anatomic relationship between the greater trochanter and the center of femoral head. We used digital photographs to compare 200 cadaveric femora in individuals who died prior to 40 years of age. Preoperative measurement of the distance from lesser trochanter to the center of femoral head from the contralateral hip is accurate to predict the measurement on the operated hip with correlation coefficients (r2) of 0.87. The ratio between femoral head diameter and distance from the lesser trochanter to the center of femoral head was consistent and reliable between genders and sides with an average value of 1.01 ± 0.12. Thus, when the distance from the lesser trochanter to the center of femoral head is not discernible, this ratio can be used as a guide to determine proximal femoral geometry. Conversely, only 59% of the specimens had femoral head centers within 5 mm of the tip of greater trochanter. The correlation between sides of the relationship between the greater trochanter and the center of femoral head was moderate (r2 = 0.46). Therefore, this relationship should not be used as the sole method to determine the normal anatomy of proximal femur. Clin. Anat. 23:312–318, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The number of intercostal artery perforators over the distal latissimus dorsi muscle
Authors: Beer Gertrude M. , Manestar Mirjana 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWith the increasing popularity of perforator flaps as “musculocutaneous flaps without muscle,” a new interest in the intercostal vessels as source vessels for perforator flaps has arisen. In a recent study, the branches of the three lowermost intercostal vessels to the latissimus dorsi were studied in detail. Now that these muscular branches are well understood, the present study examines how many of these branches reach the overlying skin as musculocutaneous perforators. We identified the intercostal artery perforators in the ninth, tenth, and eleventh interspaces, in 42 hemithoraces. Only branches that measured 0.5 mm or more in external diameter were included. The course of the perforators was followed from their exit from the latissimus dorsi muscle up to the entrance at the undersurface of the skin. This entrance point was punctured by a pin and thus marked on the skin. This study showed that at least three musculocutaneous perforators were present over the intercostal spaces IX–XI in every dorsal hemithorax (average 8 ± 3, range 3–16). Potentially, each of these vessels can be used as a pedicle for a separate perforator flap, leaving the more proximal parts of the latissimus dorsi intact for a second flap based on the dominant thoracodorsal vessels. Clin. Anat. 23:216–221, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Architectural Repertoire of Ligand‐Binding Pockets on Protein Surfaces
Authors: Weisel Martin , Kriegl Jan M. , Schneider Gisbert 
Published: January 2010

AbstractKnowledge of the three‐dimensional structure of ligand binding sites in proteins provides valuable information for computer‐assisted drug design. We present a method for the automated extraction and classification of ligand binding site topologies, in which protein surface cavities are represented as branched frameworks. The procedure employs a growing neural gas approach for pocket topology assignment and pocket framework generation. We assessed the structural diversity of 623 known ligand binding site topologies based on framework cluster analysis. At a resolution of 5 Å only 23 structurally distinct topology groups were formed; this suggests an overall limited structural diversity of ligand‐accommodating protein cavities. Higher resolution allowed for identification of protein‐family specific pocket features. Pocket frameworks highlight potentially preferred modes of ligand–receptor interactions and will help facilitate the identification of druggable subpockets suitable for ligand affinity and selectivity optimization.
Selection of individual variables versus intervals of variables in PLSR
Authors: Shariati‐Rad Masoud , Hasani Masoumeh 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe selection abilities of the two well‐known techniques of variable selection, synergy interval‐partial least‐squares (SiPLS) and genetic algorithm‐partial least‐squares (GA‐PLS), have been examined and compared. By using different simulated and real (corn and metabolite) datasets, keeping in view the spectral overlapping of the components, the influence of the selection of either intervals of variables or individual variables on the prediction performances was examined. In the simulated datasets, with decrease in the overlapping of the spectra of components and cases with components of narrow bands, GA‐PLS results were better. In contrast, the performance of SiPLS was higher for data of intermediate overlapping. For mixtures of high overlapping analytes, GA‐PLS showed slightly better performance. However, significant differences between the results of the two selection methods were not observed in most of the cases. Although SiPLS resulted in slightly better performance of prediction in the case of corn dataset except for the prediction of the moisture content, the improvement obtained by SiPLS compared with that by GA‐PLS was not significant. For real data of less overlapped components (metabolite dataset), GA‐PLS that tends to select far fewer variables did not give significantly better root mean square error of cross‐validation (RMSECV), cross‐validated R2 (Q2), and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) compared with SiPLS. Irrespective of the type of dataset, GA‐PLS resulted in models with fewer latent variables (LVs). When comparing the computational time of the methods, GA‐PLS is considered superior to SiPLS. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous determination of metronidazole and spiramycin in bulk powder and in tablets using different spectrophotometric techniques
Authors: Khattab Fatma I. , Ramadan Nesrin K. , Hegazy Maha A. , Ghoniem Nermine S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMetronidazole (MZ) is an anti‐infective drug used in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial and protozoa infections in humans. It is also used as a vetinary antiparasitic drug. Spiramycin (SP) is a medium‐spectrum antibiotic with high effectiveness against Gram‐positive bacteria. Three simple, sensitive, selective and precise spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of MZ and SP in their pure form and in pharmaceutical formulations. In methods A and B, MZ was determined by the application of direct spectrophotometry and by measuring its zero‐order (D0) absorption spectra at its λmax = 311 nm. In method A, SP was determined by the application of first derivative spectrophotometry (D1) and by measuring the amplitude at 218.3 nm. In method B, the first derivative of the ratio spectra (DD1) was applied, and SP was determined by measuring the peak amplitude at 245.6 nm. Method C entailed mean centring of the ratio spectra (MCR), which allows the determination of both MZ and SP. The methods developed were used for the determination of MZ and SP over a concentration range of 5–25 µg ml−1. The proposed methods were used to determine both drugs in their pure, powdered forms with mean percentage recoveries of 100.16 ± 0.73 for MZ in methods A and B, 101.10 ± 0.90 in method C, 100.09 ± 0.70, 100.02 ± 0.88 and 100.49 ± 1.26 for SP in methods A, B and C, respectively. The proposed methods were proved using laboratory‐prepared mixtures of the two drugs and were successfully applied to the analysis of MZ and SP in tablet formulation without any interference from each other or from the excipients. The results obtained by applying the proposed methods were compared statistically with a reported HPLC method and no significant difference was observed between these methods regarding both accuracy and precision. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validity and reliability of the Chinese language version of the eating disorder examination (CEDE) in mainland China: Implications for the identity and nosology of the eating disorders
Authors: Tong Jun , Shi Jing , Wang Jian , Zhang Hong , Zhang Shu Fang , Wu Xiao Yan , Hsu L.K. George 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the crosscultural validity and reliability of the Chinese Language version of the Eating Disorder Examination (CEDE) in Wuhan, China, and to examine the psychopathogical profile of eating disorder patients in central Mainland China.Participants and Method:We administered the CEDE to 41 eating disorder patients (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) with 43 noneating disorder controls. Specialists in eating disorders made the clinical diagnosis according to DSM‐IV criteria. CEDE data between the two groups were compared.Results:The CEDE demonstrates good internal consistency, test‐retest reliability, and inter‐examiner reliability. All CL‐EDE subscales discriminated between patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa from non‐eating disordered controls. The CEDE has satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values.Discussion:The CEDE is a useful instrument for the study of the growing clinical problem of the eating disorders in Mainland China. The finding that the characteristic fat phobia is prominent in this population of eating disordered patients and its implication on the identity and classification of the eating disorders are discussed. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:76–80)
Relationship between motivation for weight loss and dieting and binge eating in a representative population survey
Authors: Schelling Simone , Munsch Simone , Meyer Andrea H. , Margraf Jürgen 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjective:To investigate the relationship between reasons for weight loss and previous dieting attempts and current binge‐eating episodes in overweight and obese individuals.Method:For the n = 355 interviewees of a representative sample of Swiss inhabitants (n = 1,000) reporting a body mass index (BMI) of ≥25, the Weight Loss Motivation Questionnaire—distinguishing between the three scales health, appearance in relation to oneself, and appearance in relation to others—was assessed. Pearson's and Spearman's rank correlation coefficients and the partial correlation coefficient controlling for age, sex, socioeconomic status, and BMI were calculated.Results:Number of previous diets was significantly correlated with all three subscales, whereas presence of binge‐eating episodes was only significantly correlated with appearance in relation to oneself.Discussion:Dieting and binge‐eating behavior are differently associated with reasons for weight loss; better matching of treatments to patients' individual needs might improve the high dropout rates observed in weight loss treatments and enhance weight loss success. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:39–43)
Analysis of GaInAsP laser diodes degraded by light absorption at an active layer of the facet
Authors: Ichikawa Hiroyuki , Ito Masashi , Fukuda Chie , Hamada Kotaro , Yamaguchi Akira , Nakabayashi Takashi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractElectrostatic discharge‐induced degradation is one of the serious reliability problems of GaInAsP/InP laser diodes. The authors have conducted an analysis of electrostatic discharge‐induced degradation, and have elucidated the principal degradation mechanism. The main cause of degradation is heating by light absorption at the active layer of the facet. This phenomenon is similar to the catastrophic optical damage that occurs in GaAs‐based high‐power laser diodes. The problem has become more serious with the recent tendency to high power demand. Therefore, technology to suppress against degradation is extremely important. Focusing on facet coating, which is one of the key processes to suppress facet degradation, we demonstrated that facet degradation can be successfully suppressed by inserting an ultrathin aluminum layer between the semiconductor and the dielectric coaling films. This effect is caused by a reduction of surface recombination. This degradation suppression technology has the potential to be applied not only to GaInAsP/InP laser diodes, but to any InP‐based laser diodes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(2): 32–38, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10196
Individual evaluation scheduling for experiment‐based evolutionary multi‐objective optimization
Authors: Kaji Hirotaka , Kita Hajime 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSince the pioneer work on Evolution Strategies, experiment‐based optimization is one of the most promising applications of evolutionary computation. Recent progress in automatic control and instrumentation provides us with a smart environment called Hardware in the Loop Simulation (HILS) for such applications. However, since optimization through experiment has the severe condition of limited evaluation time and fluctuation of observations, we must develop methodologies that overcome these problems. This paper discusses the application of Multi‐Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) to Experiment‐ Based Multi‐Objective Optimization of the parameters of dynamical systems. In such applications, we must apply various parameter candidates spreading near the Pareto frontier to the system, which causes fluctuation of the observed criteria due to the transient response by parameter switching. For reduction of loss time caused by such transient responses in the evaluation of criteria, we propose the techniques called Evaluation Order Scheduling and Evaluation Time Scheduling. Numerical experiments using a formal test problem and experiments in a HILS environment with real internal‐combustion engines have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(2): 12–24, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10224
Improvement of pulse pattern for space vector modulated matrix converters
Authors: Yamamoto Kichiro , Shinohara Katsuji , Mori Tatsuya 
Published: January 2010

AbstractNovel modulation which consists of conventional space vector modulation (SVM) based on a virtual AC/DC/AC conversion and carrier signal modulation for matrix converters is proposed. In this proposed modulation, duties for the switching pattern decided by conventional SVM are changed into those for each switch of matrix converter. The new duties for each output phase are compared with the triangle carrier. By using proposed modulation, switchings between the input phase voltage with minimum value and the voltage with maximum value are eliminated.In this paper, the conventional SVM and proposed modulation are explained. Next, for both conventional and proposed modulations waveforms of input current, output voltage and output current and their frequency spectra are calculated by PSIM simulation program. Simulation results show the proposed modulation can reduce harmonics of output voltage waveforms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 171(1): 46–54, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20903
Disconnection control of wind power generators for the purpose of reducing frequency fluctuation
Authors: Hori Yuki , Saitoh Hiroumi 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes a new approach for disconnection control of wind power generators to reduce the frequency fluctuation caused by wind power. The approach is based on the correlation between frequency and total output of wind power generators and the turbulence degrees of individual wind power generators. At a control center, frequency and all the outputs of wind power generators are monitored, and the correlation and the turbulence degrees are computed on‐line. If the large variation of frequency is detected, then whether the variation comes from the wind power generators or loads is checked by using the correlation. When the wind power generators cause the frequency variation, the wind power generator with maximum turbulence degree is searched and disconnected from the power systems. This search and disconnection process is repeated until the correlation reaches the level where the frequency variation observed is not caused by the wind power generators. The effectiveness of the proposed approach was confirmed with the simulation studies of a two‐area interconnected power system including many wind power generators. The results show that the correlation and the turbulence degree are useful for the reduction of frequency fluctuation so as not to disconnect too many wind power generators. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 171(1): 10–18, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20911
meta‐Terphenyl Phosphaalkenes Bearing Electron‐Donating and ‐Accepting Groups
Authors: Gudimetla Vittal B. , Ma Liqing , Washington Marlena P. , Payton John L. , Cather Simpson M. , Protasiewicz John D. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA set of para‐substituted meta‐terphenyl phosphaalkenes of the form 4‐X‐2,6‐Mes2C6H2P=C(H)C6H4‐4‐X′ (X = H, MeO or NMe2; X′ = H, CN, or NO2) have been synthesized to allow systematic studies of the impact of remote X and X′ substituents on the phosphaalkene unit. The new compounds were characterized by 1H and 31P NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy, single X‐ray crystal structures (for four compounds) and by electrochemical studies. The introduction of remote groups (X′) on the less hindered phenyl ring generated more significant effects on the physical properties of the materials than did substituents (X) on the hindered meta‐terphenyl rings. These effects were also explored by computational methods in order to assess the influence of substituents on structures and properties. The polarization of these molecules is less than that produced for analogous alkenes, as the phosphaalkenes bear sterically demanding groups that constrain the systems to adopt conformations that are less than ideal for maximum π‐conjugation of the central π network
Norbornene Bidentate Ligands: Coordination Chemistry and Enantioselective Catalytic Applications
Authors: Fernández Fernando , Gual Aitor , Claver Carmen , Castillón Sergio , Muller Guillermo , Gómez Montserrat 
Published: January 2010

AbstractN‐ and P‐donor derivatives have been prepared by functionalization of a readily available norbornene precursor. Palladium catalytic systems containing these new ligands were applied in allylic substitution, and yielded high activities and excellent enantioselectivities for the allylic alkylation and amination reactions (ee up to 97 %). A full coordination analysis of the catalytic precursors including modelling studies was also carried out.
Mono‐ and Binuclear Arylnickel Complexes of the α‐Diimine Bridging Ligand 2,2′‐Bipyrimidine (bpym)
Authors: Klein Axel , Schmieder Ann‐Kathrin , Hurkes Natascha , Hamacher Claudia , Schüren Andreas O. , Feth Martin P. , Bertagnolli Helmut 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe mono‐ and binuclear organometallic NiII complexes [(μ‐bpym){Ni(Mes)Br}n] (bpym = 2,2′‐bipyrimidine; n = 1 or 2; Mes = mesityl = 2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl) were prepared and characterised electrochemically and spectroscopically (NMR, UV/Vis/NIR) in detail. The long‐wavelength absorptions for the binuclear complex reveal a marked electronic coupling of the two metal centres over the ligand bridge via their low‐lying π*‐orbitals. While the mononuclear complex undergoes rapid dissociation of the bromido ligand after one‐electron reduction the binuclear derivative exhibits reversible reductive electrochemistry and both of them yield stable radical anionic complexes with mainly bpym ligand centred spin density as shown by EPR spectroscopy of the free ligand bpym and the nickel complexes. The molecular structure of the binuclear bpym complex [(μ‐bpym){Ni(Mes)Br}2] was studied by EXAFS in comparison to the mononuclear analogue [(bpym)Ni(Mes)Br] revealing markedly increased Ni–C/N distance of the first coordination shell for the binuclear derivative suggesting an optimum overlap for the mononuclear complex, while two nickel complex fragments {Ni(Mes)Br} are seemingly too large to fit into the bis‐chelate coordination site.
Synthesis, Characterization and Combined Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Activities of Manganese Complexes of 1,4‐Bis(salicylidenamino)butan‐2‐ol
Authors: Daier Verónica , Moreno Diego , Duhayon Carine , Tuchagues Jean‐Pierre , Signorella Sandra 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTwo MnIVcomplexes of general formula [Mn(salbutO)X] [H3salbutO = 1,4‐bis(salicylidenamino)butan‐2‐ol,1: X = N3,2: X = SCN] have been prepared and structurally characterized. The crystal structure of1shows that salbutO3–acts as a pentadentate ligand through the two phenolato‐O, two imino‐N, and one alcoholato‐Oatoms, and the sixth coordination position is occupied by the azido‐Natom, resulting in a slightly distorted N3O3donor set around the MnIVion. ESI‐MS, UV/Vis, and1H NMR spectroscopy were used for solution studies. In methanol and dmf, the starting complexes are converted into [MnIII(salbutO)] and its dimeric form. TheE1/2of MnIII/MnIV(ca. 0.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl) allows this couple to efficiently catalyze the dismutation of O2·–with catalytic rate constant and IC50values of 1.91 × 106M–1 s–1and 1.43 μM, respectively, which were obtained through the nitro blue tetrazolium photoreduction inhibition SOD assay, in aqueous solution of pH 7.8. The Mn‐salbutO complexes also show catalase activity in methanol and dmf, withkcat= 1.6M–2 s–1and 5.6M–1 s–1, respectively, an advantageous property for acting as scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This valuable conjunction of properties results from the conversion of [MnIV(salbutO)X] into [MnIII(salbutO)]2in equilibrium with its monomer [MnIII(salbutO)].