bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancement of magnetic particle imaging in diagnosis and therapy
Authors: Harini Karthick , Girigoswami Koyeli , Pallavi Pragya , Gowtham Pemula , Prabhu Alex Daniel , Girigoswami Agnishwar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) has gained significant traction as an ionising radiation-free tomographic method that offers real-time imaging capabilities with enhanced sensitivity and resolutions. In this technique, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are employed, particularly iron oxide nanoparticles with superparamagnetic nature, as probes within the MPI system. These MNPs enable the tracking and precise quantification of particle movement with minimal background noise. The 3D location and concentration of MNPs can provide better insights for multiple applications in vascular imaging, cell tracking, cancer cell imaging, inflammation, implant monitoring, and trauma imaging and can thus accelerate the diagnosis of disorders. The mononuclear phagocyte system provides a significant advantage, as they are involved in the spontaneous clearance of the tracers used in MPI, which readily minimise the toxic effects. Several studies have demonstrated that MPI-based functional neuroimaging is superior to other imaging modalities, providing adequate temporal resolution images with quick scan intervals. In MPI, nanoparticles are solely responsible for the source and visualisation, unlike magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), where nanoparticles were used only as supportive tracers. This review provides an overview of the principle, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications of MPI as well as the advantages and challenges MPI has over other diagnostic imaging methods in modern clinical setups.
Classified validation of Aeolus wind observations using IGRA over China
Authors: Li Shiyu , Chen Yilun , Ou Zhaoyu , Zhang Aoqi , Chen Shumin , Han Yong , Li Weibiao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study validated Aeolus wind observations over China from October 2020 to September 2022 using the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA). The results showed that most of the Aeolus observations were in good agreement with the IGRA observations. The quality of Aeolus Rayleigh-clear winds is superior to that of Mie-cloudy winds, and the wind products for ascending orbits are superior to those for descending orbits. The biases between Rayleigh-clear (Mie-cloudy) and IGRA winds are 0.61 (0.87), −0.01 (0.81), and 1.12 (1.59) m s−1 for the total, ascending and descending Aeolus orbits, respectively. Further classification study based on cloud height and relative humidity reveals that the quality of Mie-cloudy winds improves with cloud altitude until stratosphere, and Rayleigh-clear winds deteriorate for high relative humidity. The results provide a basis for quality control and error correction of Aeolus wind observations.
Factors impacting real-world fuel economy of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles in Europe – an empirical analysis
Authors: Mandev Ahmet , Plötz Patrick , Sprei Frances 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) combine an electric motor with an internal combustion engine and can reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transport if mainly driven on electricity. The environmental benefit of PHEVs strongly depends on its usage and charging behavior. Several studies have demonstrated low electric driving shares (EDS) of many PHEVs. However, there is limited evidence on which vehicle properties affect the EDS of PHEVs to which extent. Here, we provide an empirical and quantitative analysis of real-world EDS and fuel consumption and look at how they are impacted by factors related to vehicle properties such as range, system power and mass. We complement previous studies on real-world EDS and fuel consumption of PHEVs by combining two different data sets, with almost 100,000 vehicles in total, over 150 models in 41 countries, which is combined the largest PHEV sample in Europe to date to be analyzed in the literature. We find that an increase of 10 km of type approval range leads on average to 13%–17% fuel consumption decrease and 1%–4% EDS increase. Furthermore, a 1 kW increase in system power per 100 kg of vehicle mass is associated with an average increase of 7%–9% in fuel consumption and a decrease of up to 2% in EDS. We also find that long-distance driving and charging behavior are the largest non-technical factors for the deviation between type-approval and real-world data. Furthermore, PHEV fuel consumption and related tail-pipe emissions in Europe are on average higher than official EU values.
Spatial-to-spectral phase coupling mechanisms in bulk continuum generation
Authors: Maingot Benjamin , Forget Nicolas , Jullien Aurélie 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We study the coherence properties of continuum generation in YAG crystals seeded by 180 fs pulses at 1035 nm when the driving beam exhibits small fluctuations of the spatial phase. The relative stability of the continuum spectral phase is first assessed as a function of the driver wavefront aberrations. Furthermore, we evidence and quantify a coupling mechanism between these fluctuations and the spectral phase of the continuum. The coupling coefficients increase with the spectral broadening and are also unexpectedly large (up to tens of rad/rad at

≃

750 nm). Experimental evidence supports that longitudinal shifts of the position of the filament within the crystal are responsible for such strong effects.
CREST: A low energy consumption wall climbing robot with passive impactive negative pressure adhesion
Authors: Zhu Junru 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Wall-climbing robot (WCR) displays a great potential in a wide range of tasks that are challenging or dangerous for human presence. Adhesion capacity and control mechanism are the key factors for climbing robots, as they directly affect the robot’s durability and power consumption in different climbing tasks. However, many WCRs adopting negative pressure adhesion rely on extra mechanism such as air compressor to achieve engagement and disengagement while overlooking the dimension and energy-consumption level of the robot. The high power consumption significantly reduces the robot’s operation duration and efficiency. To address this issue, we proposed a passive negative pressure adhesion mechanism together with an energy-efficient disengagement mechanism using the servo-string-plug sealing system that eliminates the requirement of air compressor or vacuum pump. We developed a compact bipedal climbing prototype named CREST (Climbing Robot with Efficient Suction Technology) that validated this design. Experiment showed that the CREST can perform climbing tasks in different environments including vertical surfaces and can transit between perpendicular planes with low power consumptions. It had a payload capacity up to 0.7 kg when attaching using one foot, the efficient payload capacity achieved 40 times the mass of the foot.
Forbearance and Distrust
Authors: Carter J Adam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter adds to the framework developed so far in two ways. We begin by distinguishing two core species of trust—implicit and deliberative, which differ in their constitutive aims. The implicit/deliberative distinction (which we return to in later chapters) offers us a useful vantage point from which we may extend our framework from trust to distrust, and in doing so, to recognize both (i) how distrust, like trust, may be implicit or deliberative; and (ii) how the distinction between wide-scope distrust—what I call Pyrrhonian mistrust—and narrow-scope distrust allows us to appreciate how the latter (in both its implicit and deliberative varieties), though not the former kind of distrust, is answerable to telic norms of success, competence, and aptness.
Trust, Pistology, and the Ethics of Cooperation
Authors: Carter J Adam 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Implicit and deliberative trust differ, but under what conditions is one kind of trust more appropriate than the other, and what kinds of considerations determine this? This chapter takes up this question, and in doing so, distinguishes between two distinct though complementary domains of normativity of interest in the philosophy of trust. The guiding analogy this chapter develops is that telic assessment of beliefs stands to intellectual ethics as the telic assessment of trust stands to the ethics of cooperation.
From Sansepolcro to La Verna
Authors: Havely Nick 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The chapter follows the GEA route and the journey along it from Sansepolcro to La Verna, by way of the Bocca Trabaria, Pieve Santio Stefano, Caprese Michelangelo, and the Eremo della Casella. It introduces some of the travellers and writers who will also feature in later chapters, from Dante and Garibaldi to Montaigne, eighteenth- and nineteenth-century tourists, and combatants in World War II. Through description and occasional illustrations, it focuses on the landscape of mountains and woodland, while the intersecting narratives reflect upon the ancient and modern history of this stretch of the Apennines, giving particular attention to views of La Verna from the Middle Ages to the early twentieth century.
Alto Appennino
Authors: Havely Nick 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter follows the GEA route from the Passo della Futa to Abetone, crossing high peaks on the ridge between Modena and Pistoia. Stopping points include Montepiano, the resort town of Pracchia and the mysterious lake of Scaffaiolo below one of the highest peaks, Corno alle Scale. The ascent of Corno alle Scale by the mid- nineteenth-century poet Giuseppe Giusti forms one of the main narratives here, while stories from World War II intersect with the journey at several points. The latter include: the experiences of the South African war poet Guy Butler during the winter campaign of 1944; Stuart Hood’s first involvement with the Italian Resistance in the mountains above Pistoia and Prato; and Captain Mario Nardi’s ‘eight months as a guerrilla’ below the ridge from Corno alle Scale to Abetone and beyond.
Garfagnana
Authors: Havely Nick 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
From Abetone the GEA leads past the Lago Santo Modenese and San Pellegrino in Alpe, to the passes of Radici, Pradarena, Cerreto, and Lagastrello, above the region of the Garfagnana, once governed by the poet Ariosto. On the way to the Lago Santo the remote past is recalled when the GEA crosses a route which may have been taken by Hannibal’s army during the Second Punic War. Further along the ridge, the high village and sanctuary of San Pellegrino was the goal of Shelley’s Apennine journey in 1820; it was also the crossing point for Captain Mario Nardi’s near-disastrous wartime mission in the autumn of 1944. The ridge between the Pass of Pradarena and Monte La Nuda was Hilaire Belloc’s crossing-point during his ‘path to Rome’ around 1900 and was later the scene of Roberto Battaglia’s activities as a partisan leader in the last year of World War II.
What God Would Have Known
Authors: Schellenberg J L 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis book links facts about human intellectual and moral development to what any God who existed at the time of Jesus would have known, and on the basis of that connection it crafts twenty new arguments for the conclusion that classical Christian doctrine is false. These arguments represent what the author calls ‘the problem of contrary development’. Human origins in deep time, human religion, the formation of the New Testament, human psychology, violence, sex and gender—advances in our understanding on all these fronts are brought into interaction with the doctrines of sin, spiritual helplessness, salvation, the divinity of Jesus, the Holy Spirit, and revelation, with the result that the latter are shown to be vulnerable to refutation in new ways. For example, it is argued that given what any God would have known at the time, it must be false that God was incarnate in Jesus of Nazareth, who acquiesced in a religious narrative that centrally featured an oversimplified understanding of human psychology, an inappropriate response to wrongdoing, and the condoning of violence. The book concludes by developing, in connection with its results, two Christian versions of the problem of divine hiddenness and an argument against the existence of God from the historical success (but salvific failure) of Christianity. By taking account of all these things, it is maintained, philosophers can bring a better balance to work on Christianity in philosophy, negotiating a shift from Christian philosophy to the philosophy of Christianity.
On the Holy Spirit
Authors: Schellenberg J L 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTwo arguments from development against the doctrine of the Holy Spirit are formulated, based on what the work of the Holy Spirit would have introduced into the world. According to the Missing Truths Argument, if Christians are right, the Spirit would not have neglected to pass along any truths that are normatively important, and yet, of rather many such truths most Christians have shown complete ignorance, which means that the doctrine is false. The Missing Support Argument points out that one region of Christian life where character-related support has repeatedly been needed involves contested cases of human intellectual and moral development. If support for correct behaviour had been provided by the Holy Spirit, we would not find that committed Christians in the relevant circumstances have often experienced a sense of divine support for some misguided alternative behaviour involving the demonizing of foes. Thus, again, the doctrine is false.
On Revelation (II)
Authors: Schellenberg J L 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Patriarchal Obstruction Argument has it that if Christians are right, then God would have enabled all humans in subsequent centuries to accept the message of Christian revelation. But if that’s so, then nothing has influenced the revelatory process that has ever made this message appear doubtful to humans. And yet precisely this has happened, in our recognition of the sexist, patriarchal features of the process by which the Christian revelation is supposed to have come into the world. Thus the doctrine of revelation is false. Second is the Misleading Normative Content Argument, according to which the means of revelation, including the Bible, would, if God were behind the alleged revelation, have contained nothing as misleading on normative matters as the New Testament book of Revelation can today be seen to be. Thus God is not behind the alleged revelation, and the doctrine of revelation, which says otherwise, is false.
The Christian Hiddenness Problem
Authors: Schellenberg J L 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAccording to Christian Hiddenness Argument I, if Christian doctrine is true then God aims to be revealed not hidden in respect of the message it contains. But then God does everything possible, short of overriding our freedom to resist, to ensure that everyone who understands this message also believes it—which entails that all who understand this message but do not believe it are prevented by their own resistance. But because of the development problem this entailment is false. According to Christian Hiddenness Argument II, if Christian doctrine is true then only resistance could prevent someone who has understood the Christian salvation message from being able to personally appropriate its content just by trying. But this personal appropriation is impossible for anyone who believes this message to be false, and such disbelief is sometimes caused by developmentalist reasoning rather than resistance. The conclusion of both arguments is that Christian doctrine is false.
The impact of a hospital-based special care unit on behavioural and psychological symptoms in older people living with dementia
Authors: Graham Frederick A , Kelly Lisa , Burmeister Elizabeth A , Henderson Amanda , Broome Annette , Hubbard Ruth E , Gordon Emily H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Hospital patients with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are vulnerable to a range of adverse outcomes. Hospital-based Special Care Units (SCUs) are secure dementia-enabling environments providing specialised gerontological care. Due to a scarcity of research, their value remains unconfirmed.

Objective
To compare hospital based SCU management of BPSD with standard care.

Design
Single-case multiple baseline design.

Setting and participants
One-hundred admissions to an 8-bed SCU over 2 years in a large Australian public hospital.

Methods
Repeated measures of BPSD severity were undertaken prospectively by specialist dementia nurses for patients admitted to a general ward (standard care) and transferred to the SCU. Demographic and other clinical data, including diagnoses, medication use, and care-related outcomes were obtained from medical records retrospectively. Analysis used multilevel models to regress BPSD scores onto care-setting outcomes, adjusting for time and other factors.

Results
When receiving standard care, patients’ BPSD severity was 6.8 (95% CI 6.04–7.64) points higher for aggression, 15.6 (95% CI 13.90–17.42) points higher for the neuropsychiatric inventory, and 5.8 (95% CI 5.14–6.50) points higher for non-aggressive agitation compared to SCU. Patients receiving standard care also experienced increased odds for patient-to-nurse violence (OR 2.61, 95% CI 1.67–4.09), security callouts (OR 5.39 95% CI 3.40–8.52), physical restraint (OR 17.20, 95% CI 7.94–37.25) and antipsychotic administration (OR 3.41, 95% CI 1.60–7.24).

Conclusion
Clinically significant reductions in BPSD and psychotropic administration were associated with SCU care relative to standard ward care. These results suggest more robust investigation of hospital SCUs, and dementia-enabling design are warranted.
Recommendations for pharmacogenetic testing in clinical practice guidelines in the US
Authors: Hertz Daniel L , Bousman Chad A , McLeod Howard L , Monte Andrew A , Voora Deepak , Orlando Lori A , Crutchley Rustin D , Brown Benjamin , Teeple Wrenda , Rogers Sara , Patel Jai N 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Pharmacogenetic testing can identify patients who may benefit from personalized drug treatment. However, clinical uptake of pharmacogenetic testing has been limited. Clinical practice guidelines recommend biomarker tests that the guideline authors deem to have demonstrated clinical utility, meaning that testing improves treatment outcomes. The objective of this narrative review is to describe the current status of pharmacogenetic testing recommendations within clinical practice guidelines in the US.

Summary
Guidelines were reviewed for pharmacogenetic testing recommendations for 21 gene-drug pairs that have well-established drug response associations and all of which are categorized as clinically actionable by the Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium. The degree of consistency within and between organizations in pharmacogenetic testing recommendations was assessed. Relatively few clinical practice guidelines that provide a pharmacogenetic testing recommendation were identified. Testing recommendations for HLA-B*57:01 before initiation of abacavir and G6PD before initiation of rasburicase, both of which are included in drug labeling, were mostly consistent across guidelines. Gene-drug pairs with at least one clinical practice guideline recommending testing or stating that testing could be considered included CYP2C19-clopidogrel, CYP2D6-codeine, CYP2D6-tramadol, CYP2B6-efavirenz, TPMT-thiopurines, and NUDT15-thiopurines. Testing recommendations for the same gene-drug pair were often inconsistent between organizations and sometimes inconsistent between different guidelines from the same organization.

Conclusion
A standardized approach to evaluating the evidence of clinical utility for pharmacogenetic testing may increase the inclusion and consistency of pharmacogenetic testing recommendations in clinical practice guidelines, which could benefit patients and society by increasing clinical use of pharmacogenetic testing.
Revisiting drug–protein interaction prediction: a novel global–local perspective
Authors: Zhou Zhecheng , Liao Qingquan , Wei Jinhang , Zhuo Linlin , Wu Xiaonan , Fu Xiangzheng , Zou Quan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Accurate inference of potential drug–protein interactions (DPIs) aids in understanding drug mechanisms and developing novel treatments. Existing deep learning models, however, struggle with accurate node representation in DPI prediction, limiting their performance.

Results
We propose a new computational framework that integrates global and local features of nodes in the drug–protein bipartite graph for efficient DPI inference. Initially, we employ pre-trained models to acquire fundamental knowledge of drugs and proteins and to determine their initial features. Subsequently, the MinHash and HyperLogLog algorithms are utilized to estimate the similarity and set cardinality between drug and protein subgraphs, serving as their local features. Then, an energy-constrained diffusion mechanism is integrated into the transformer architecture, capturing interdependencies between nodes in the drug–protein bipartite graph and extracting their global features. Finally, we fuse the local and global features of nodes and employ multilayer perceptrons to predict the likelihood of potential DPIs. A comprehensive and precise node representation guarantees efficient prediction of unknown DPIs by the model. Various experiments validate the accuracy and reliability of our model, with molecular docking results revealing its capability to identify potential DPIs not present in existing databases. This approach is expected to offer valuable insights for furthering drug repurposing and personalized medicine research.

Availability and implementation
Our code and data are accessible at: https://github.com/ZZCrazy00/DPI.
Viewing early life without labels: optical approaches for imaging the early embryo
Authors: Chow Darren J X , Tan Tiffany C Y , Upadhya Avinash , Lim Megan , Dholakia Kishan , Dunning Kylie R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Embryo quality is an important determinant of successful implantation and a resultant live birth. Current clinical approaches for evaluating embryo quality rely on subjective morphology assessments or an invasive biopsy for genetic testing. However, both approaches can be inherently inaccurate and crucially, fail to improve the live birth rate following the transfer of in vitro produced embryos. Optical imaging offers a potential non-invasive and accurate avenue for assessing embryo viability. Recent advances in various label-free optical imaging approaches have garnered increased interest in the field of reproductive biology due to their ability to rapidly capture images at high resolution, delivering both morphological and molecular information. This burgeoning field holds immense potential for further development, with profound implications for clinical translation. Here, our review aims to: (1) describe the principles of various imaging systems, distinguishing between approaches that capture morphological and molecular information, (2) highlight the recent application of these technologies in the field of reproductive biology, and (3) assess their respective merits and limitations concerning the capacity to evaluate embryo quality. Additionally, the review summarizes challenges in the translation of optical imaging systems into routine clinical practice, providing recommendations for their future development. Finally, we identify suitable imaging approaches for interrogating the mechanisms underpinning successful embryo development.