bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the biochemical response of proton minibeam radiation therapy by means of synchrotron-based infrared microspectroscopy
Authors: González-Vegas Roberto , Yousef Ibraheem , Seksek Olivier , Ortiz Ramon , Bertho Annaïg , Juchaux Marjorie , Nauraye Catherine , Marzi Ludovic De , Patriarca Annalisa , Prezado Yolanda , Martínez-Rovira Immaculada 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe biology underlying proton minibeam radiation therapy (pMBRT) is not fully understood. Here we aim to elucidate the biological effects of pMBRT using Fourier Transform Infrared Microspectroscopy (FTIRM). In vitro (CTX-TNA2 astrocytes and F98 glioma rat cell lines) and in vivo (healthy and F98-bearing Fischer rats) irradiations were conducted, with conventional proton radiotherapy and pMBRT. FTIRM measurements were performed at ALBA Synchrotron, and multivariate data analysis methods were employed to assess spectral differences between irradiation configurations and doses. For astrocytes, the spectral regions related to proteins and nucleic acids were highly affected by conventional irradiations and the high-dose regions of pMBRT, suggesting important modifications on these biomolecules. For glioma, pMBRT had a great effect on the nucleic acids and carbohydrates. In animals, conventional radiotherapy had a remarkable impact on the proteins and nucleic acids of healthy rats; analysis of tumour regions in glioma-bearing rats suggested major nucleic acid modifications due to pMBRT.
Quantifying gadolinium-based nanoparticle uptake distributions in brain metastases via magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Bennett Stephanie , Verry Camille , Kaza Evangelia , Miao Xin , Dufort Sandrine , Boux Fabien , Crémillieux Yannick , de Beaumont Olivier , Le Duc Géraldine , Berbeco Ross , Sudhyadhom Atchar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAGuIX, a novel gadolinium-based nanoparticle, has been deployed in a pioneering double-blinded Phase II clinical trial aiming to assess its efficacy in enhancing radiotherapy for tumor treatment. This paper moves towards this goal by analyzing AGuIX uptake patterns in 23 patients. A phantom was designed to establish the relationship between AGuIX concentration and longitudinal ($${T}_{1}$$

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) relaxation. A 3T MRI and MP2RAGE sequence were used to generate patient $${T}_{1}$$

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maps. AGuIX uptake in tumors was determined based on longitudinal relaxivity. AGuIX (or placebo) was administered to 23 patients intravenously at 100 mg/kg 1–5 hours pre-imaging. Each of 129 brain metastases across 23 patients were captured in $${T}_{1}$$

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maps and examined for AGuIX uptake and distribution. Inferred AGuIX recipients had average tumor uptakes between 0.012 and 0.17 mg/ml, with a mean of 0.055 mg/ml. Suspected placebo recipients appeared to have no appreciable uptake. Tumors presented with varying spatial AGuIX uptake distributions, suspected to be related to differences in accumulation time and patient-specific bioaccumulation factors. This research demonstrates AGuIX's ability to accumulate in brain metastases, with quantifiable uptake via $${T}_{1}$$

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mapping. Future analyses will extend these methods to complete clinical trial data (~ 134 patients) to evaluate the potential relationship between nanoparticle uptake and possible tumor response following radiotherapy.Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT04899908.Clinical Trial Registration Date: 25/05/2021.
Individual random effects model for differences in trait distribution among respondents
Authors: Wu Rui , Gao Xuliang , Pan Shiquan , Wang Fan , Zhao Shouying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe homogeneity hypothesis is a common assumption in classic measurement. However, the item response theory model assumes that different respondents with same ability have the same option probabilities, which may not hold. The aim of this study is to propose a new individual random effect model that accounts for the differences in option probabilities among respondents with same latent traits by using within-person variance. The performance of the new model is evaluated through simulation studies and real data using the PRESUPP scale of PISA. The model parameters are estimated by the MCMC method. The results show that the individual random effect model can provide more accurate parameter estimates and obtain a scale parameter to describe the distribution of respondents’ abilities, under different within-person variances. The new model has lower RMSE and better model fit than the classic IRT model.
Mathematical modeling and optimization technique of anticancer antibiotic adsorption onto carbon nanocarriers
Authors: Sumetpipat Kanes , Baowan Duangkamon , Tiangtrong Prangsai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study employs a combination of mathematical derivation and optimization technique to investigate the adsorption of drug molecules on nanocarriers. Specifically, the chemotherapy drugs, fluorouracil, proflavine, and methylene blue, are non-covalently bonded with either a flat graphene sheet or a spherical $${\rm C}_{60}$$

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fullerene. Mathematical expressions for the interaction energy between an atom and graphene, as well as between an atom and $${\rm C}_{60}$$

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fullerene, are derived. Subsequently, a discrete summation is evaluated for all atoms on the drug molecule utilizing the U-NSGA-III algorithm. The stable configurations’ three-dimensional architectures are presented, accompanied by numerical values for crucial parameters. The results indicate that the nanocarrier’s structure effectively accommodates the atoms on the drug’s carbon planes. The three drug types’ molecules disperse across the graphene surface, whereas only fluorouracil spreads on the $${\rm C}_{60}$$

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surface; proflavine and methylene blue stack vertically to form a layer. Furthermore, all atomic positions of equilibrium configurations for all systems are obtained. This hybrid method, integrating analytical expressions and an optimization process, significantly reduces computational time, representing an initial step in studying the binding of drug molecules on nanocarriers.
Establishment of a prognostic nomogram for elderly patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer receiving radiotherapy
Authors: Zhang Lixia , Zhang Qingfen , Wu Qian , Zhao Lujun , Gao Yunbin , Li Xue , Guan Song , Yan Meng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study explored the risk factors associated with radiotherapy in seniors diagnosed with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) to construct and validate a prognostic nomogram. The study retrospectively included 137 elderly patients with LS-SCLC who previously received radiotherapy. Univariate and multivariate COX analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors and determine optimal cut-off values. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and nomograms were constructed to predict survival. Calibration and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of the nomogram. Illness rating scale-geriatric (CIRS-G) score, treatment strategy, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), white blood cell-to-monocyte ratio (WMR), and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were discovered to be independent prognostic factors. Based on the findings of our multivariate analysis, a risk nomogram was developed to assess patient prognosis. Internal bootstrap resampling was utilized to validate the model, and while the accuracy of the AUC curve at 1 year was modest at 0.657 (95% CI 0.458–0.856), good results were achieved in predicting 3- and 5 year survival with AUCs of 0.757 (95% CI 0.670–0.843) and 0.768 (95% CI 0.643–0.893), respectively. Calibration curves for 1-, 3-, and 5 year overall survival probabilities demonstrated good cocsistency between expected and actual outcomes. Patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, CIRS-G score > 5 points and low PNI, WMR and LMR correlated with poor prognosis. The nomogram model developed based on these factors demonstrated good predictive performance and provides a simple, accessible, and practical tool for clinicians to guide clinical decision-making and study design.
The potential use of artificial intelligence for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and management: clinician and healthcare informatician perspectives
Authors: Lam Barbara D. , Dodge Laura E. , Zerbey Sabrina , Robertson William , Rosovsky Rachel P. , Lake Leslie , Datta Siddhant , Elavakanar Pavania , Adamski Alys , Reyes Nimia , Abe Karon , Vlachos Ioannis S. , Zwicker Jeffrey I. , Patell Rushad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is the leading cause of preventable death in hospitalized patients. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) can support guidelines recommending an individualized approach to risk assessment and prophylaxis. We conducted electronic surveys asking clinician and healthcare informaticians about their perspectives on AI/ML for VTE prevention and management. Of 101 respondents to the informatician survey, most were 40 years or older, male, clinicians and data scientists, and had performed research on AI/ML. Of the 607 US-based respondents to the clinician survey, most were 40 years or younger, female, physicians, and had never used AI to inform clinical practice. Most informaticians agreed that AI/ML can be used to manage VTE (56.0%). Over one-third were concerned that clinicians would not use the technology (38.9%), but the majority of clinicians believed that AI/ML probably or definitely can help with VTE prevention (70.1%). The most common concern in both groups was a perceived lack of transparency (informaticians 54.4%; clinicians 25.4%). These two surveys revealed that key stakeholders are interested in AI/ML for VTE prevention and management, and identified potential barriers to address prior to implementation.
Comparative study on the efficacy of Conbercept and Aflibercept in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Xie Hao , Ju Huan , Lu Jing , Wang Xing , Peng Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study compares the effectiveness of Conbercept and Aflibercept in treating neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University's Ophthalmology Department (May 2020–May 2023), this prospective study enrolled 159 nAMD patients. Participants were randomly divided into two groups: one receiving 0.5 mg Conbercept and the other 2 mg Aflibercept intravitreal injections. Over 12 months, the study, employing a Treat-and-Extend (T&E) regimen, assessed Best-Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), Central Retinal Thickness (CRT) changes and injection frequency. Of the 159 patients, 137 (149 eyes) completed the study. No significant age difference was found between the groups (P = 0.331). After 12 months, BCVA improved similarly in both groups (Conbercept: 52.8 ± 18.9, Aflibercept: 52.0 ± 19.7 letters; P = 0.820). CRT reduction was also comparable (Conbercept: 246.3 ± 82.8 µm, Aflibercept: 275.9 ± 114.3 µm; P = 0.079). Injection frequencies averaged 6.9 ± 0.7 (Conbercept) and 6.7 ± 0.7 (Aflibercept; P = 0.255). Subtype analysis revealed Type 1 MNV had higher baseline BCVA and lower CRT, with more frequent injections compared to other types. Both Conbercept and Aflibercept are clinically similar in efficacy for nAMD, with the T&E regimen proving therapeutically effective and potentially reducing patient costs. Anti-VEGF treatment efficacy varies across nAMD subtypes, indicating a potential benefit in tailored treatments for specific subtypes.Clinical trial registration number NCT05539235 (Protocol Registration and Results System).
Rosacea is strongly associated with melanoma in Caucasians
Authors: von Stebut Jennifer , Mallach Michael , Schneider-Burrus Sylke , Heiland Max , Rendenbach Carsten , Preissner Robert , Preissner Saskia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRosacea is often considered a cosmetic problem but is known to be associated with a variety of comorbidities. To identify such risks, we generated two age- and sex-matched real-world cohorts of 122,444 patients each with and without rosacea. In contrast to earlier studies, we found significant associations with malignant melanoma (OR 6.02, 95% CI 5.76–6.32). This association does not exist for an Asian sub-cohort, which could explain previous inconclusive or conflicting reports. Several strongly associated comorbidities like visual disturbances (ICD-10: H53–H54; OR 4.80, 4.68–4.92), metabolic disorders (E73–E79; OR 3.17, 3.11–3.22), joint problems (M25; OR 4.16, 4.08–4.25) and type 2 diabetes (E11; OR 1.62, 1.58–1.65) should be watched as a risk for rosacea patients. Rosacea is associated with some comorbidities and ethnicity may be a risk factor in melanoma development. The retrospective nature of this study and the sole use of ICD-10 code based filtering calls for future validation of our findings. Additionally, confounding factors such as skin type and previous UV exposure should be included in future studies.
Blood lipid levels mediating the effects of sex hormone-binding globulin on coronary heart disease: Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis
Authors: Yang Juntao , Zhou Jiedong , Liu Hanxuan , Hao Jinjin , Hu Songqing , Zhang Peipei , Wu Haowei , Gao Yefei , Tang Weiliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObservational studies indicate that serum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels are inversely correlated with blood lipid levels and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Given that dyslipidemia is an established risk factor for CHD, we aim to employ Mendelian randomization (MR) in conjunction with mediation analysis to confirm the mediating role of blood lipid levels in the association between SHBG and CHD. First, we assessed the causality between serum SHBG levels and five cardiovascular diseases using univariable MR. The results revealed causality between SHBG levels and reduced risk of CHD, myocardial infarction, as well as hypertension. Specifically, the most significant reduction was observed in CHD risk, with an odds ratio of 0.73 (95% CI 0.63–0.86) for each one-standard-deviation increase in SHBG. The summary-level data of serum SHBG levels and CHD are derived from a sex-specific genome-wide association study (GWAS) conducted by UK Biobank (sample size = 368,929) and a large-scale GWAS meta-analysis (60,801 cases and 123,504 controls), respectively. Subsequently, we further investigated the mediating role of blood lipid level in the association between SHBG and CHD. Mediation analysis clarified the mediation proportions for four mediators: high cholesterol (48%), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (25.1%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (18.5%), and triglycerides (44.3%). Summary-level data for each mediator were sourced from the UK Biobank and publicly available GWAS. The above results confirm negative causality between serum SHBG levels and the risk of CHD, myocardial infarction, and hypertension, with the causal effect on reducing CHD risk largely mediated by the improvement of blood lipid profiles.
Neonatal complications and risk factors associated with assisted vaginal delivery
Authors: Chawanpaiboon Saifon , Titapant Vitaya , Pooliam Julaporn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo investigate neonatal injuries, morbidities and risk factors related to vaginal deliveries. This retrospective, descriptive study identified 3500 patients who underwent vaginal delivery between 2020 and 2022. Demographic data, neonatal injuries, complications arising from vaginal delivery and pertinent risk factors were documented. Neonatal injuries and morbidities were prevalent in cases of assisted vacuum delivery, gestational diabetes mellitus class A2 (GDMA2) and pre-eclampsia with severe features. Caput succedaneum and petechiae were observed in 291/3500 cases (8.31%) and 108/3500 cases (3.09%), respectively. Caput succedaneum was associated with multiparity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22–0.57, P < 0.001) and assisted vacuum delivery (AOR 5.18, 95% CI 2.60–10.3, P < 0.001). Cephalohaematoma was linked to GDMA2 (AOR 11.3, 95% CI 2.96–43.2, P < 0.001) and assisted vacuum delivery (AOR 16.5, 95% CI 6.71–40.5, P < 0.001). Scalp lacerations correlated with assisted vacuum and forceps deliveries (AOR 6.94, 95% CI 1.85–26.1, P < 0.004; and AOR 10.5, 95% CI 1.08–102.2, P < 0.042, respectively). Neonatal morbidities were associated with preterm delivery (AOR 3.49, 95% CI 1.39–8.72, P = 0.008), night-time delivery (AOR 1.32, 95% CI 1.07–1.63, P = 0.009) and low birth weight (AOR 7.52, 95% CI 3.79–14.9, P < 0.001). Neonatal injuries and morbidities were common in assisted vacuum delivery, maternal GDMA2, pre-eclampsia with severe features, preterm delivery and low birth weight. Cephalohaematoma and scalp lacerations were prevalent in assisted vaginal deliveries. Most morbidities occurred at night.Clinical trial registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry 20220126004.
Unrecognized extensive charge of microbial gas in the Junggar basin
Authors: Zhang Hao , Cai Chunfang , Mei Xiaomin , Wang Daowei , Liu Dawei , Li Erting , Jin Jun , Zheng Menglin , Tang Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDifferent from the Qaidam basin with about 320 billion m3 microbial gas, only limited microbial gases were found from the Junggar basin with similarly abundant type III kerogen. To determine whether microbial gases have not yet identified, natural gas samples from the Carboniferous to Cretaceous in the Junggar basin have been analyzed for chemical and stable isotope compositions. The results reveal some of the gases from the Mahu sag, Zhongguai, Luliang and Wu-Xia areas in the basin may have mixed with microbial gas leading to straight ethane to butane trends with a “dogleg” light methane in the Chung’s plot. Primary microbial gas from degradation of immature sedimentary organic matter is found to occur in the Mahu sag and secondary microbial gas from biodegradation of oils and propane occurred in the Zhongguai, Luliang and Beisantai areas where the associated oils were biodegraded to produce calcites with δ13C values from + 22.10‰ to + 22.16‰ or propane was biodegraded leading to its 13C enrichment. Microbial CH4 in the Mahu sag is most likely to have migrated up from the Lower Wuerhe Formation coal-bearing strata by the end of the Triassic, and secondary microbial gas in Zhongguai and Beisantan uplifts may have generated after the reservoirs were uplifted during the period of the Middle and Late Jurassic. This study suggests widespread distribution of microbial gas and shows the potential to find large microbial gas accumulation in the basin.
Intelligent prediction of Alzheimer’s disease via improved multifeature squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual network
Authors: Yuan Zengbei , Li Xinlin , Hao Zezhou , Tang Zhixian , Yao Xufeng , Wu Tao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to address the issue of larger prediction errors existing in intelligent predictive tasks related to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A cohort of 487 enrolled participants was categorized into three groups: normal control (138 individuals), mild cognitive impairment (238 patients), and AD (111 patients) in this study. An improved multifeature squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual network (MFSE-DRN) was proposed for two important AD predictions: clinical scores and conversion probability. The model was characterized as three modules: squeeze-and-excitation-dilated residual block (SE-DRB), multifusion pooling (MF-Pool), and multimodal feature fusion. To assess its performance, the proposed model was compared with two other novel models: ranking convolutional neural network (RCNN) and 3D vision geometrical group network (3D-VGGNet). Our method showed the best performance in the two AD predicted tasks. For the clinical scores prediction, the root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) and mean absolute errors (MAEs) of mini-mental state examination (MMSE) and AD assessment scale–cognitive 11-item (ADAS-11) were 1.97, 1.46 and 4.20, 3.19 within 6 months; 2.48, 1.69 and 4.81, 3.44 within 12 months; 2.67, 1.86 and 5.81, 3.83 within 24 months; 3.02, 2.03 and 5.09, 3.43 within 36 months, respectively. At the AD conversion probability prediction, the prediction accuracies within 12, 24, and 36 months reached to 88.0, 85.5, and 88.4%, respectively. The AD predication would play a great role in clinical applications.
An exploratory in-situ dynamic mechanical analysis on the shearing stress–strain mechanism of human plantar soft tissue
Authors: Huang Ran , Ning Xinyi , Wu Longyan , Zhu Jun , Tang Lisheng , Ma Xin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA DMA (dynamic mechanical analysis)-like device based on the principle of classical viscoelasticity testing is invented to investigate the in-situ/in-vivo shear-bearing mechanism of plantar soft tissue. Forty-three volunteers were recruited for the shear-strain test in the longitudinal and transverse directions at five anatomical spots on the plantar surface. Several encouraging observations indicated significant variances among different spots and individuals, implying that the outer forefoot surrounding the second, fifth metatarsal head is a more intensive shear-bearing region on the plantar surface compared to the inner forefoot under the first metatarsal head, and drawing the hypothesis of a significant effect of BMI on the shear-bearing property. The speculations agree with our expectations and other previous research. The feasibility and practical value of this novel approach are substantiated, and these intriguing discoveries provide foundational underpinnings for further in-depth investigations.
Trends in prior antithrombotic medication and risk of in-hospital mortality after spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: the J-ICH registry
Authors: Ueno Hideaki , Tokugawa Joji , Saito Rikizo , Yamashiro Kazuo , Tsutsumi Satoshi , Yamamoto Munetaka , Ueno Yuji , Mieno Makiko , Yamamoto Takuji , Hishii Makoto , Yasumoto Yukimasa , Maruki Chikashi , Kondo Akihide , Urabe Takao , Hattori Nobutaka , Arai Hajime , Tanaka Ryota ,   The Juntendo Registry of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage Study Group
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) remains a devastating form of stroke. Prior use of antiplatelets or warfarin before SICH is associated with poor outcomes, but the effects of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify trends in prior antithrombotic use and to assess the associations between prior use of antithrombotics and in-hospital mortality using a multicenter prospective registry in Japan. In total, 1085 patients were analyzed. Prior antithrombotic medication included antiplatelets in 14.2%, oral anticoagulants in 8.1%, and both in 1.8%. Prior warfarin use was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 5.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.30–23.26, P < 0.05) compared to no prior antithrombotic use. No such association was evident between prior DOAC use and no prior antithrombotic use (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.44–4.05, P = 0.606). Concomitant use of antiplatelets and warfarin further increased the in-hospital mortality rate (37.5%) compared to warfarin alone (17.2%), but no such association was found for antiplatelets plus DOACs (8.3%) compared to DOACs alone (11.9%). Prior use of warfarin remains an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality after SICH in the era of DOACs. Further strategies are warranted to reduce SICH among patients receiving oral anticoagulants and to prevent serious outcomes.