bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
IL‐24 is expressed during wound repair and inhibits TGFα‐induced migration and proliferation of keratinocytes
Authors: Poindexter Nancy J. , Williams Ryan R. , Powis Garth , Jen Emily , Caudle Abigail S. , Chada Sunil , Grimm Elizabeth A. 
Published: June 2010

Please cite this paper as: IL‐24 is expressed during wound repair and inhibits TGFα ‐induced migration and proliferation of keratinocytes. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 714–722.Abstract:  Interleukin (IL)‐24 is the protein product of melanoma differentiation‐associated gene 7 (MDA‐7). Originally identified as a tumor suppressor molecule, MDA‐7 was renamed IL‐24 and classified as a cytokine because of its chromosomal location in the IL‐10 locus, its mRNA expression in leukocytes, and its secretory sequence elements. We previously reported that IL‐24 is expressed by cytokine‐activated monocytes and T lymphocytes. Here, we show that IL‐24 is expressed in keratinocytes during wound repair. Paraffin‐embedded tissues prepared from human skin sampled at days 2, 6, and 10 after wounding were examined by immunohistochemistry for the expression of IL‐24. Protein expression was detected in the keratinocyte population with maximum expression at days 2 and 6, and no expression by day 10 (four of four subjects). In vitro studies showed that cytokines involved in wound repair, most notably transforming growth factor α (TGFα), TGFβ, IFNγ, and IFNβ, upregulated IL‐24 protein expression in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Examination of the function of IL‐24 in both in vitro wound repair and migration assays demonstrated that IL‐24 inhibits TGFα‐induced proliferation and migration of NHEKs. These data support the hypothesis that IL‐24 functions during an inflammatory response in the skin by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes.
Anadromy and the dispersal of an invasive fish species (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Eastern Quebec, as revealed by otolith microchemistry
Authors: Thibault I. , Hedger R. D. , Dodson J. J. , Shiao J.‐C. , Iizuka Y. , Tzeng W.‐N. 
Published: June 2010

Thibault I, Hedger RD, Dodson JJ, Shiao J‐C, Iizuka Y, Tzeng W‐N. Anadromy and the dispersal of an invasive fish species (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Eastern Quebec, as revealed by otolith microchemistry. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 348–360. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is invading rivers bordering the St. Lawrence Estuary (Quebec, Canada). Some rivers in Eastern Quebec support self‐sustaining populations while adult vagrants are frequently captured in rivers where no reproduction has been confirmed. We hypothesised that the development of anadromy has promoted the species dispersal. Otolith Sr:Ca analyses revealed that although all fish captured in the upstream stocking region were freshwater residents, both anadromous and freshwater resident phenotypes were found downstream in Eastern Quebec. The proportion of fish exhibiting the anadromous life cycle increased with the distance from the stocking zone. Eastern Quebec steelhead migrated to sea at the same age but at a larger size than steelhead within their native range. Age at first reproduction was similar to that observed in native populations. The development of the anadromous life cycle enables this species to colonise new rivers following long‐distance migrations along the St. Lawrence Estuary corridor.
Effect of Prerestorative Home‐bleaching on Microleakage of Self‐etch Adhesives
Authors: YAZICI A. RÜYA , KELEŞ ASLI , TUNCER DUYGU , BAŞEREN MESERRET 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:  Tooth bleaching has become a routine treatment due to patients' esthetic demands.Purpose:  The aim of this study was to evaluate how prerestorative home‐bleaching affected microleakage of resin composite restorations bonded with etch‐and‐rinse and self‐etch adhesives.Materials and Methods:  Fifty extracted human premolar teeth were used. The bleaching agent (10% carbamide peroxide) was applied to the buccal surface of each tooth for 6 hours a day for 2 weeks. The lingual surfaces of the same teeth received no application (control). The teeth were stored in artificial saliva. After 14 days, standardized Class V cavity preparations (2 mm high, 3 mm wide, and 2 mm deep) were made on the buccal and lingual surfaces with all margins in the enamel. They were randomly divided into five groups according to the adhesive systems: an etch‐and‐rinse adhesive (Single Bond [SB]), two two‐step self‐etch adhesives (Adper SE Plus [ASE] and One Coat [OC]), and two one‐step self‐etch adhesives (Adper Easy One [EO] and G‐Bond [GB]). All adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers' instructions. The preparations were then restored using the same hybrid composite (Filtek Z250) in one increment and light‐cured. The teeth were thermocycled (5/55°C, 1,000×) and immersed in dye, then sectioned, and dye penetration was scored. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal‐Wallis and Mann‐Whitney U‐tests.Results:  Although statistically significant differences were found between the adhesive systems in the bleached teeth, no differences were observed in the control groups (non‐bleached teeth). There were significant differences between SB/GB, SB/EO, SB/OC, and GB/ASE in the bleached teeth (p < 0.05). When comparing bleached and non‐bleached teeth within each adhesive system, only SB and EO produced higher leakage scores when bleaching was applied. The other groups showed no difference in terms of bleaching (p > 0.05).Conclusion:  Prerestorative home‐bleaching had an adverse effect on microleakage of SB and EO.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThe effect of prerestorative home‐bleaching agents on microleakage of composite resin restorations differs according to the type of adhesive material used.(J Esthet Restor Dent 22:186–193, 2010)
Effect of microwave treatment on the shear bond strength of different types of commercial teeth to acrylic resin
Authors: Consani Rafael L. X. , Carmignani Mariana R. , Mesquita Marcelo F. , Correr‐Sobrinho Lourenço , Guiraldo Ricardo D. 
Published: June 2010

doi:10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00333.x

Effect of microwave treatment on the shear bond strength of different types of commercial teeth to acrylic resin Objective:  The purpose of this study was to verify the effect of microwave treatment on the shear bond strength of commercial types of teeth to acrylic resin, when the glossy ridge laps were unmodified (groups 1 and 5), bur abraded (groups 2 and 6), bur grooved (groups 3 and 7) or etched by monomer (groups 4 and 8).Background:  Controversial findings have shown that mechanical or chemical changes in ridge‐lap surface of the tooth increase or decrease the bond strength between tooth and acrylic resin, and the microwave disinfection may cause different changes on this bond strength.Materials and methods:  Eighty specimens (n = 10) were made with the acrylic resin bonded to tooth glossy ridge lap, polymerised in water at 74°C for 9 h, and deflasked after flask cooling. Specimens of the groups 5, 6, 7 and 8 were individually immersed in 150 ml of water and submitted to microwave treatment in an oven at 650 W for 3 min. Control specimens (groups 1, 2, 3 and 4) were not microwave treated. Shear bond strength test was performed in an Instron machine with a cross‐speed of 1 mm/min. Collected data were submitted to anova and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).Results:  Microwave treatment decreased the shear bond strength values of the tooth/resin bond. In the microwaved and non‐microwaved procedures, mechanical retention improved the shear bond strength when compared with the control and monomer treatments.Conclusion:  Shear bond strength of the tooth/resin bond was influenced by the microwave treatment and different commercial teeth association, and was lower for the Biotone tooth.
A comparison of the dental health of Brazilian and Canadian independently living elderly
Authors: Joaquim Andrea M.C. , Wyatt Chris C.L. , Aleksejūnienė Jolanta , Greghi Sebastiao L.A. , Pegoraro Luiz F. , Kiyak H. Asuman 
Published: June 2010

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2009.00340.x

A comparison of the dental health of Brazilian and Canadian independently living elderly Objective:  To compare the dental status of Brazilian and Canadian elderly populations with respect to socioeconomic and quality of life factors.Materials and methods:  A total of 496 adults aged 60–75 years, having four or more teeth, and physically and cognitively suitable for a clinical oral examination were included. Subjects answered questions concerning their lifestyle and completed the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) questionnaire.Results:  In all populations, the majority were females, aged between 60 and 65 years and married. Although the Canadian New Immigrant population had lower mean income, they had more remaining teeth (23.04 ± 6.1), more functional teeth (sound and restored teeth) (14.92 ± 5.7), more sound teeth (15.40 ± 7.6), but more carious teeth (2.97 ± 3.0). The Brazilian population had higher numbers of restored teeth (12.26 ± 6.8) and fewer remaining teeth (17.80 ± 7.6). In all populations, females, married and younger (60–65 years old) adults were more likely to retain 20 or more teeth. The mean GOHAI scores were similar for Canadians (40.55 ± 5.7) and Canadian New Immigrants (39.28 ± 6.5), but were higher than that among Brazilians (31.97 ± 8.9).Conclusions:  The numbers of remaining teeth were related to greater education and higher income status for Brazilian and Canadian populations. However, Canadian New Immigrants with lower income and education retained more teeth than the other populations.
Floristic composition of an alpine grassland in Bandipora, Kashmir
Authors: Dad Javaid M. , Khan Anisa B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFloristic composition of a high‐altitude alpine grassland, located in Bandipora district of Indian administered Jammu and Kashmir, was investigated. The grassland comprises three broad zones (a) flat valley with only few habitat types, (b) lower slope, and (c) upper slope with diverse habitat types (numerous rock boulders, rock crevices and high passes). Two study sites per zone (2 ha each) were established for vegetation survey. The degree of disturbance is most severe on the flat valley, while the upper slope experiences a light to moderate grazing due to steep slopes and high elevations. A total of 88 plant species belonging to 35 families and 70 genera were recorded in the grassland. Five dominant families are Asteraceae (15 spp.), Lamiaceae (8 spp.), Polygonaceae (5 spp.), Boraginaceae (4 spp.) and Rosaceae (3 spp.). The number of species is highest (40) in a site protected by nomads in the upper slope, while it is lowest (18) in an abandoned site in the flat valley. In terms of life form spectrum, the vegetation is characterized by a high proportion of hemicryptophytes followed by therophytes, indicating a heavy biotic interference in the form of overgrazing. Although the species richness is highest in the upper slope, the low occurrence of some rare and useful species in this zone demands a long term conservation plan, if their survival is to be continued in this grassland.
Effect of yacon silage on feed digestibility, blood characteristics and amount of urinary 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine in ewes
Authors: Koike Akiko , Pradhan Rajeev , Murata Tatsuro , Yasuda Shin , Igoshi Keiji , Okamoto Chinobu , Kabata Kiyotaka 
Published: June 2010

AbstractYacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) is known as a root crop rich in fructans and polyphenol. In the present study, the effects of yacon silage (YS) on body weight change, digestibility of feed, blood characteristics and level of urinary 8‐hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8‐OHdG) in ewes were evaluated. Ewes were fed basal diets (40% of soybean curd residue silage (SS) on a dry matter [DM] basis) supplemented with 60% of YS (YS group) or bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon) hay (BH; BH group) on a DM basis for 36 days. YS did not influence the ewes’ body weight or digestibility of feed. The serum concentrations of total protein, glucose and total cholesterol of the YS group were significantly lower than those of the BH group (P < 0.05). Also the albumin to globulin (A/G) ratio was significantly higher in the YS group than in the BH group (P < 0.05). Suppressing the amount of glucose and total cholesterol seems to be an important role of YS rich in polyphenol in the maintenance of ewes’ health. Moreover, the amount of urinary 8‐OHdG showed a lower tendency in the YS group than in the BH group, though it was not significant. From the above results, it is suggested that YS is useful in ruminants as a supplementary feed that has a possibility of health promoting effects.
Implications for cardiology nurse practitioner billing: A comparison of hospital versus office practice
Authors: Hull‐Grommesh Lori , Ellis Elizabeth Fuselier , Mackey Thomas A. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: To discuss the implications for cardiology nurse practitioner (NP) billing and compare and contrast inpatient Medicare billing practices versus outpatient Medicare billing practices. Data sources: Selected articles, text books, and government websites. Conclusions: In today's complex and expensive healthcare system, there has been a steady decline in the reimbursement rate for professional services to hospitals and physicians. NPs can have a significant impact on reducing this decline by billing for services provided. Implications for practice: The cardiology NP can enhance institutional reimbursement quality and patient safety. The different billing methods such as independent billing, shared billing, and incident to billing by the cardiology NP can be complex.
Mondor's disease: A case study
Authors: Paniagua Carmen T. , Negron Zuleika Diaz 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: To provide an overview of the clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and treatment with advanced practice nursing implications of Mondor's disease. Data sources: Case presentation and comprehensive literature review on Mondor's disease. Conclusions: Mondor's disease is a rare disorder that can present after breast surgery. Patients present with a painful cord‐like structure that can take weeks to heal. Implications for practice: An understanding of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, treatment, and management of this uncommon disease is important for the advanced nurse practitioner. The practitioner's recognition and differentiation of it from a breast abscess or a primary, recurrent or metastatic carcinoma is paramount.
Ecometrics: The traits that bind the past and present together
Authors: ERONEN Jussi T. , POLLY P. David , FRED Marianne , DAMUTH John , FRANK David C. , MOSBRUGGER Volker , SCHEIDEGGER Christoph , STENSETH Nils Chr. , FORTELIUS Mikael 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe outline here an approach for understanding the biology of climate change, one that integrates data at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Taxon‐free trait analysis, or “ecometrics,” is based on the idea that the distribution in a community of ecomorphological traits such as tooth structure, limb proportions, body mass, leaf shape, incubation temperature, claw shape, any aspect of anatomy or physiology can be measured across some subset of the organisms in a community. Regardless of temporal or spatial scale, traits are the means by which organisms interact with their environment, biotic and abiotic. Ecometrics measures these interactions by focusing on traits which are easily measurable, whose structure is closely related to their function, and whose function interacts directly with local environment. Ecometric trait distributions are thus a comparatively universal metric for exploring systems dynamics at all scales. The main challenge now is to move beyond investigating how future climate change will affect the distribution of organisms and how it will impact ecosystem services and to shift the perspective to ask how biotic systems interact with changing climate in general, and how climate change affects the interactions within and between the components of the whole biotic‐physical system. We believe that it is possible to provide believable, quantitative answers to these questions. Because of this we have initiated an IUBS program iCCB (integrative Climate Change Biology).
Climate change and invasive species: double jeopardy
Authors: MAINKA Susan A. , HOWARD Geoffrey W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo of the key drivers of biodiversity loss today are climate change and invasive species. Climate change is already having a measurable impact on species distributions, reproduction and behavior, and all evidence suggests that things will get worse even if we act tomorrow to mitigate any future increases in greenhouse gas emissions: temperature will increase, precipitation will change, sea level will rise and ocean chemistry will change. At the same time, biological invasions remain an important threat to biodiversity, causing species loss, changes in distribution and habitat degradation. Acting together, the impacts of each of these drivers of change are compounded and interactions between these two threats present even greater challenges to field conservationists as well as policymakers. Similarly, the social and economic impacts of climate change and invasive species, already substantial, will be magnified. Awareness of the links between the two should underpin all biodiversity management planning and policy.
Some biological consequences of environmental change: A study using barnacles (Cirripedia: Balanomorpha) and gum trees (Angiospermae: Myrtaceae)
Authors: BUCKERIDGE John S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUniformitarianism permits understanding of the past on the basis of the present, and modeling the future through consideration of the fossil record. The present paper addresses the impact environmental (climatic) change has had on acorn barnacles and eucalyptus trees. Acorn barnacles (Balanomorpha) are first recorded after the K/T mass‐extinction event. In the Paleogene, rapid radiation resulted in their occupying most marine environments. That balanomorphs survived both the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum and the Pleistocene glaciation is testament to their ability to adapt to opportunities; they are known from the littoral (Chamaesipho) to depths of 3600 m (Tetrachaelasma) and within this from diverse substrates: rock, wood and miscellaneous flotsam, plus in symbiosis or commensalism with most larger marine organisms. Darwin's (1854) view of the late Tertiary as the age of barnacles is reflected in their diversity, distribution and biomass. Barnacles are contrasted with the Australian Myrtaceae: plants ranging from woody shrubs to tall trees. The most significant is Eucalyptus sensu lato, which typifies Australia's flora, and is characterized by aromatic leaves that produce eucalyptol. Eucalyptus has evolved strategies that result in its domination of Australian open woodlands: these include production of highly flammable eucalyptol oil (with a flashpoint of 49 °C) and an unprecedented ability to regenerate following forest fires. Gum trees and barnacles first appear in the Paleogene, their earliest records are Australasian, and they both demonstrate extraordinary resilience when environmental conditions are optimal.
Direct impacts of recent climate warming on insect populations
Authors: ROBINET Christelle , ROQUES Alain 
Published: June 2010

AbstractEffects of recent climate change have already been detected in many species, and, in particular, in insects. The present paper reviews the key impacts of global warming on insect development and dispersal. The effects of climate change appear to be much more complex than a simple linear response to an average increase in temperature. They can differ between seasons and bioclimatic regions. Earlier flight periods, enhanced winter survival and acceleration of development rates are the major insect responses. Differential response of insects and hosts to warming up might also lead to disruption of their phenological synchrony, but adaptive genetic processes are likely to quickly restore this synchrony. In a number of cases, warming results in removing or relocating the barriers that limit present species' ranges. It is also likely to facilitate the establishment and spread of invasive alien species. Finally, knowledge gaps are identified and future research interests are suggested.
Detecting Food‐ and Waterborne Viruses by Surface‐Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Authors: Fan Cui , Hu Zhiqiang , Riley Lela K. , Purdy Gregory A. , Mustapha Azlin , Lin Mengshi 
Published: June 2010

Abstract:  Food‐ and waterborne viruses pose serious health risks to humans and were associated with many outbreaks worldwide. Rapid, accurate, and nondestructive methods for detection of viruses are of great importance to protect public health. In this study, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with gold SERS‐active substrates was used to detect and discriminate 7 food‐ and waterborne viruses, including norovirus, adenovirus, parvovirus, rotavirus, coronavirus, paramyxovirus, and herpersvirus. Virus samples were purified and dialyzed in phosphate buffered saline (8 to 9 log PFU/mL) and then further diluted in deionized water for SERS measurement. After capturing the characteristic SERS spectral patterns, multivariate statistical analyses, including soft independent modeling of class analogy (SIMCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were employed to analyze SERS spectral data for characterization and identification of viruses. The results show that SIMCA was able to differentiate viruses with and without envelope with >95% of classification accuracy, while PCA presented clear spectral data segregations between different virus strains. The virus detection limit by SERS using gold substrates reached a titer of 102.Practical Application:  SERS is a simple, rapid, and accurate method for detection of food‐ and waterborne viruses. Our results demonstrate that coupled with gold substrates, SERS was able to rapidly detect and discriminate among different food‐ and waterborne viruses, indicating that SERS can provide rapid, sensitive, and reproducible detection results with minimum sample preparation for virus detection.
Viability of Bifidobacteria Strains in Yogurt with Added Oat Beta‐Glucan and Corn Starch during Cold Storage
Authors: Rosburg Valerie , Boylston Terri , White Pamela 
Published: June 2010

Abstract:  Probiotics must be consumed at a level of 107 CFU/mL for successful colonization of the gut. In yogurts containing beneficial cultures, the survival of probiotic strains can quickly decline below this critical concentration during cold storage. We hypothesized that beta‐glucan would increase the viability of bifidobacteria strains in yogurt during cold storage. Yogurts were produced containing 0.44% beta‐glucan (concentrated or freeze‐dried) extracted from whole oat flour and/or 1.33% modified corn starch, and bifidobacteria (B. breve or B. longum) at a concentration of at least 109 CFU/mL. All yogurts were stored at 4 °C. Bifidobacteria and yogurt cultures, Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbureckii subsp. bulgaricus, were enumerated from undisturbed aliquots before fermentation, after fermentation, and once a week for 5 wk. S. thermophilus and L. bulgaricus maintained a concentration of at least 108 CFU/mL in yogurts containing concentrated or freeze‐dried beta‐glucan regardless of starch addition, and in the control with no added beta‐glucan or starch. Similarly, the probiotic, Bifidobacterium breve, survived above a therapeutic level in all treatments. The addition of beta‐glucan prolonged the survival of Bifidobacterium longum at a concentration of at least 107 CFU/mL by up to 2 wk on average beyond the control. Further, the inclusion of concentrated beta‐glucan in yogurt improved survival of B. longum above 107 CFU/mL by 1 wk longer than did freeze‐dried beta‐glucan. Study results suggest that beta‐glucan has a protective effect on bifidobacteria in yogurt when stressed by low‐temperature storage.Practical Application:  This study suggests that beta‐glucan (oat fiber) may improve bifidobacteria survival in yogurt during refrigerated storage.