bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urgensi Islamic Parenting dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Religius Remaja
Authors: Lestari Yuliana Intan 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian tentang karakter religius yang terealisasi pada ranah perilaku terus berkembang. Penelitian tentang karakter religius ini sangat penting dilakukan karena berkaitan dengan peran remaja di masyarakat. Selain itu, masih minim penelitian sebelumnya yang meneliti tentang pola pengasuhan berdasarkan perspektif Islam yang dapat dilakukan guna meningkatkan karakter religius remaja. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu mengkaji hubungan antara Islamic parenting dengan karakter religius remaja. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 200 orang remaja akhir yakni mahasiswa. Pengumpulan data penelitian melalui skala Islamic parenting yang disusun penulis berdasarkan teori Nashih Ulwan (2006) dan skala karakter religius yang disusun berdasarkan teori Ibnu Maskawaih (2004). Analisis data menggunakan teknik product moment correlation. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang sangat signifikan antara Islamic parenting dengan karakter religius remaja. Dengan demikian hipotesisdalam penelitian ini yakni “ada hubungan antara Islamic parenting dengan karakter religius” diterima. Artinya, semakin tinggi penerapan pola asuh Islami dari orang tua kepada remaja, maka semakin tinggi karakter religius yang terbentuk. Implikasi pada penelitian ini adalah urgensi dari pentingnya pola pengasuhan orang tua berdasarkan nilai-nilai Islam atau Islamic Parenting dapat digunakan secara optimal untuk membentuk dan meningkatkan karakter religius remaja.
Pengaruh Teknik Stimulus Control (Pendekatan Behavioristik) dalam Konseling Kelompok Terhadap Attachment Remaja Panti Asuhan
Authors: Yulianti Alma , Neviyarni Neviyarni , Netrawati Netrawati 
Published: May 2024

Perkembangan psikologis remaja panti asuhan adalah masalah yang menentukan relevansi penelitian ini. Hambatan-hambatan yang dialami remaja panti asuhan menyebabkan kesulitan secara berarti lebih besar daripada anak yang diasuh oleh keluarga atau orang tua kandung dan hambatan yang dialami remaja di panti asuhan tidak bisa diatasi oleh orang tua asuh mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah teknik kontrol stimulus dalam konseling kelompok berpengaruh terhadap kelekatan remaja yatim piatu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan desain one-group pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian melibatkan 6 remaja panti asuhan yang berada pada kategori attachment sangat rendah sebagai subjek penelitian dengan teknik sampel bertujuan atau purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan Adolescent Attachment Questionnaire (AAQ) Malcolm West et all, (1998). Perolehan data dianalisis menggunakan alat bantu SPSS Versi 25.0 for windows. Hasil uji Wilcoxon diperoleh Asymp. Sig (2-tailed) adalah 0,005. dimana nilai 0,005 kurang dari < 0,05 maka dapat dikatakan hipotesis Ha diterima, dari situ dapat disimpulkan bahwa teknik kontrol stimulus dalam konseling kelompok berpengaruh terhadap kelekatan atau attachment pada remaja.
Kerawanan Bencana Banjir di Kabupaten Gunungkidul Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Dewi Ni Luh Trisna Candra , Sulastri Ni Nyoman , Ngadisih Ngadisih , Arthawan I Gusti Ketut Arya 
Published: May 2024

Gunungkidul merupakan salah satu kabupaten yang ada di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Tahun 2020 Kabupaten Gunungkidul memiliki intensitas curah hujan yang tinggi yang dapat berpotensi untuk terjadinya banjir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan membuat peta tingkat potensi kerawanan banjir di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Proses identifikasi daerah rawan ini, menggunakan metode skoring dan pembobotan. Metode ini dilakukan dengan memberikan nilai skor dan bobot pada masing-masing parameter curah hujan, kemiringan lereng, ketinggian, jenis tanah, penggunaan lahan sehingga sehingga menghasilkan Peta Kerawanan Banjir di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kabupaten Gunungkidul memiliki curah hujan yang berkategori sedang 2161-2287 mm/th dengan luas wilayah 67.862,24 ha sekitar 45,69%, kemiringan lereng datar dengan luas wilayah 50.037 ha sekitar 33,69 %, ketinggian <100 m dengan luas wilayah 67.939,4 ha sekitar 53,48 %, Jenis tanah didominasi mediteran dengan luas 79.254,82 ha sekitar 53,37% dan penggunaan lahan didominasi tegalan dengan luas 56.228,93 ha sekitar 37,86%, sehingga mendapatkan hasil berupa 3 kelas tingkat kerawanan banjir yaitu tingkat rawan banjir rendah dengan luas 93.930,19 ha sekitar 62,58% dari luas wilayah, tingkat rawan sedang dengan luas 53.509,45 ha sekitar 35,51% dari luas wilayah, tingkat kerawanan banjir tinggi dengan luas 1.091,81 ha sekitar 0,71% luas wilayah Kabupaten Gunungkidul.
ABSTRACT
Gunungkidul is one of the regencies in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. In 2020 Gunungkidul Regency had a high intensity of rainfall which has the potential for flooding. This study aims to determine the potential level of flood vulnerability in Gunungkidul Regency and to create a map. The process of identifying these vulnerable areas used a scoring and weighting method. This method is carried out by assigning a score and weight to each rainfall parameter, slope, height, soil type, and land use to produce a Flood Vulnerability Map in Gunungkidul Regency. The results show Gunungkidul Regency has a moderate rainfall category (2161-2287 mm/year) with an area of 67.862.24 ha (45.69%), a flat slope with an area of 50.037 ha (3.69%), a height of <100 m with an area of 67.939.4 ha (53.48%). The Mediterranean dominates soil type with an area of 79.254.82 ha (53.37%). Land use is dominated by moor with an area of 56.228.93 ha (37.86%). The level of vulnerability was categorized into three groups. About 62.58% of the area is classified as low flood vulnerability. Approximately 35.51% of the area is at a medium flood vulnerability level. About 0.71% is the area with a high flood vulnerability.
إدمان الألعاب الالكترونية وعلاقته ببعض المتغيرات لدى طلاب التعليم المتوسط
Authors: بوفرة مختار , بيوض بدرة 
Published: May 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن مستوى إدمان الالعاب الالكترونية لدى طلاب التعليم المتوسط،والتعرف على الفروق في مستوى إدمان الالعاب لدى الطلاب تبعا لمتغير الجنس، تكونت عينة الدراسة من 94 طالبا وطالبة،طبق عليهم مقياس إدمان الالعاب الالكترونية،تمت المعالجة الإحصائية للبيانات ببرنامج الرزم الإحصائية للعلوم الاجتماعية SPSS،وكشفت النتائج عن وجود مستوى عال من إدمان الالعاب الالكترونية لدى طلاب التعليم المتوسط،كما أظهرت النتائج عدم وجود فروق ذات دالة إحصائية في إدمان الالعاب الالكترونية تبعا لمتغير الجنس.
فاعلية برنامج تعليمي قائم على مدخل التفكير المفاهيمي في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع الأدبي في مادة البلاغة
Authors: علي اسراء حسن , رشيد العزاوي نضال مزاحم 
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الكشف عن فاعلية برنامج تعليمي قائم على مدخل التفكير المفاهيمي في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع الأدبي في مادة البلاغة ، اتبع الباحثان التصميم التجريبي ذا المجموعتين المتكافئتين التجريبية والضابطة، اختار الباحثان ثانويتي القبس للبنات والخرجة للبنات التابعتين للمديرية العامة لتربية صلاح الدين _ قسم تربية العلم ميداناً لتجربتها وتكونت عينة البحث من (56) طالبةَ حيث بلغ عدد طالبات المجموعة التجريبية(28) طالبةَ في مدرسة ثانوية القبس للبنات وتم تدريسهم مدخل التفكير المفاهيمي، وبلغ عدد طالبات المجموعة الضابطة (28) طالبةَ في ثانوية الخرجة للبنات وتم تدريسهم بالطريقة الاعتيادية، اعد الباحثان الادوات اللازمة للبحث حيث اعد الباحثان الاختبار التحصيلي المتكون من (50) فقرة موضوعية و(5) أسئلة مقالية، وعولجت احصائياً بوساطة الحقيبة الإحصائية (SPSS) واظهرت النتائج تفوق طالبات المجموعة التجريبية التي درست مادة البلاغة بواسطة مدخل التفكير المفاهيمي على طالبات المجموعة الضابطة التي درست بالطريقة الاعتيادية في الاختبار التحصيلي
أثر أنموذج V.A.R.K في التحصيل الدراسي وتنمية التفكير التأملي لدى متعلمي مادة التاريخ
Authors: السعدون عبود حسن , حنا موسى خليل 
Published: May 2024

يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على (أنموذج V.A.R.K) وما له من أثر في التحصيل الدراسي والعلمي وتنمية التفكير التأملي لدى متعلمي مادة التاريخ، حيث تحققت الدراسة من هدفها خلال الفرضيتين الصفريتين:1- لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0,05) بين متوسط التحصيل الدراسي لمتعلمي المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون وفق أنموذج V.A.R.K ، ومتوسط التحصيل الدراسي لمتعلمي المجموعة الضابطة الذين درسوا المادة نفسها بالطريقة التقليدية ، 2- لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0,05) لتنمية التفكير التأملي لدى متعلمي المجموعة التجريبية الذين يدرسون وفق أنموذج V.A.R.K ، ومتعلمي المجموعة الضابطة الذين يدرسون المادة نفسها بالطريقة التقليدية المعتادة.
من أجل التثبت من هدف الدراسة وفرضياتها ونتائجها، اتخذ الباحث أسلوب الدراسة التجريبية والمنهج التجريبي، إضافة إلى مجموعة من الإجراءات بدءاً بالتصميم التجريبي لمجموعتي الدراسة التجريبية والضابطة، ثم إجراء التكافؤ بينهما من حيث العمر الزمني محسوباً بالأشهر، والتحصيل الدراسي للسنة الماضية، والتحصيل الآكاديمي للآباء والامهات ..، وقد حدد مجتمع البحث وعينته من متعلمات الصف الأول المتوسط في ثانوية الهُدى للبنات في محافظة صلاح الدين، للعام الدراسي (2022-2023م)، حيث تم إختيار شعبة (أ) كمجموعة ضابطة تدرس مادة التاريخ بالطريقة التقليدية المعتادة، وشعبة (ب) تمثل المجموعة التجريبية التي سَتُدرَّس وفق أنموذج V.A.R.K ، حيث تكونت عينة الدراسة من (74) متعلمةً موزعة مناصفةً على المجموعتين.
استخدم الباحث أداتين لاختبار النتائج البعدية وهما: اختبار التحصيل الدراسي واختبار التفكير التأملي عن طريق: (معادلة كودر- ريتشاردسون20) و (معادلة ألفا-كرونباخ) ومجموعة من الأدوات الإحصائية، حيث بدأت التجربة يوم 11/10/2022 وانتهت يوم 1/12/2022 ، واظهرت النتائج وجود أثر إيجابي في رفع المستوى التحصيلي وتنمية التفكير التأملي لدى عينة البحث عند تطبيق أنموذج فارك في العملية التعلّمية .
Self-reported oral health attitudes and behavior of dentistry students
Authors: Carrillo Nicolo Anton Delos Santos , Fernandez Pamela De Leon , Garcia Trixie Faye C. , Macalma Elysa Gayle C. , Ramos Rene Rose M. , Sanglay Patrice M. , Tan Jera Giselle C. , Terrora Keren Dennise , Colina Trinette Chang 
Published: May 2024

Objectives:
Dentistry students in the Philippines undergo 6 years of undergraduate dental education as their foundation to acquire the skills necessary to prevent, diagnose, and treat oral diseases, and educate their future patients. One of the learning outcomes of the entire course is to make them effective role models in the maintenance and improvement of their patient’s oral health. Throughout their undergraduate years, oral health attitudes and behaviors are formed and may be modified. This study aimed to compare 4th-year preclinical and 5th-year clinical dentistry students in terms of their oral health attitudes and behavior.

Materials and Methods:
The research employed a descriptive cross-sectional research design. Purposive sampling was done using the Hiroshima University-dental behavioral Inventory (HU-DBI) questionnaire. The questionnaire contains 20 questions, which focus on oral health attitudes and behavior, with a dichotomous response format of “Agree” or “Disagree,” giving one point in favor of good oral health attitudes and behavior for a maximum score of 12. Data was collected via an online survey using Google Forms shared in the appropriate year levels’ official social groups. Higher mean scores indicate good oral health attitudes and behavior. The HU-DBI scores of the two groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results:
A total of 225 dentistry students in a Philippine private dental college answered the survey, with 119 responses from the 4th year (41% response rate) and 106 responses from the 5th year (77% response rate). The overall mean score of answers favoring good oral hygiene was marginally higher in 4th-year preclinical students (M = 7.17, Standard deviation [SD] = 1.37) than in 5th-year clinical students (M = 7.15, SD = 1.24) but showed no statistical significance in their difference, z = −0.412, P = 0.681.

Conclusion:
There is no significant difference in the oral health attitudes and behavior between the 4th-year preclinical students and 5th-year clinical dental students. Future researchers can look into increasing the sample size and having respondents from other dental universities to provide a wider picture at a national level. Reinforcing oral health education for clinical students may be beneficial.
Outcomes of patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura treated in an intensive care unit
Authors: NARAYAN SHIVA KUMAR , GUDIVADA KIRAN KUMAR , SIVAKOTI SUMITRA , KRISHNA BHUVANA 
Published: May 2024

Background
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a multisystem disorder characterized by widespread microthrombosis that can predispose to multiple organ failure. The literature is sparse on the outcomes of critically ill patients with TTP managed in intensive care units (ICUs). We aimed to determine the mortality of ICU patients admitted with TTP and evaluate the predictors of survival. We also compared the incidence of nosocomial infection among those who did or did not receive plasma exchange (PE).

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study in a tertiary ICU. Two authors screened patients for eligibility from the hospital information system based on peripheral smear reports. Adult critically ill TTP patients managed in ICU were included. Patients with a diagnosis of haemolytic uraemic syndrome, autoimmune causes of haemolysis and pregnancy-related conditions, etc. were excluded. Two authors extracted data from medical charts. No imputation of missing variables was done. Non-parametric statistics were used to report data. Statistical analyses were performed using Stata version 16.

Results
Of the 535 records that were screened, 33 patients were deemed eligible. Mortality among TTP patients was 14 (42%). The women to men ratio was 7:3. At admission, greater degree of anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and higher lactate dehydrogenase levels were observed in non-survivors compared to survivors (5.4 g/dl [4.8–7.1] v. 7.6 g/dl [6.1–8.9], p=0.05; 17x103 μl v. 21x103 μl, p=0.63; and 2987 (1904–3614) U/L v. 2126 U/L (1941–3319), p=0.71; respectively]. Nineteen (57%) patients had acute kidney injury (AKI), of which 11 survived: 6 recovered completely from renal failure and 5 progressed to end-stage renal disease. Nosocomial infection rates were not different among those receiving and not receiving PE therapy (7 [33%] v. 3 [25%], respectively).

Conclusion
TTP is more common in women and has a high mortality. Older age, low haemoglobin and higher platelet transfusions are predictors of poor survival. Nosocomial infection rates were similar irrespective of receiving PE therapy.
Clinical profile of patients and sensitivity of troponin I in patients with and without acute coronary syndrome: An observational study
Authors: KULKARNI SHRUTHI M. , ROONGTA RASHMI , SANKAR SEENA 
Published: May 2024

Background
Various clinical conditions can cause troponin elevation in the absence of myocardial ischaemia. Elevated troponin represents the likely occurrence of myocardial necrosis and does not itself provide any indication of the aetiology. Identifying the cause for troponin elevation and its sensitivity and specificity in predicting acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and cardiac mortality is an important step in determining the optimal management for these patients.

Methods
We retrospectively collected data of inpatients who had troponin I (TnI) testing as part of their clinical assessment, either in the emergency department, medical wards, coronary care unit (CCU) or intensive care unit (ICU) with their final diagnosis. TnI was used as the index test of sensitivity to diagnose ACS and either echocardiography or coronary angiogram in those available as the reference gold standard. They were classified into two groups of normal and elevated TnI, and further divided into those with ACS and no ACS. Data on clinical parameters and aetiology of elevated TnI in patients without ACS were analysed.

Results
Of the 254 patients studied, 114 patients (45%) had normal TnI and 140 (55%) had elevated TnI. Seventy-eight patients had ACS, 66 (84.6%) of whom had elevated TnI and 12 (15.38%) had normal TnI. Seventy-four (52.85%) of 140 patients with elevated TnI had alternate causes of TnI elevation; the most common being sepsis, acute kidney injury (AKI) and heart failure without ACS. All-cause mortality was significantly higher in patients with elevated TnI with or without ACS. There was no cardiac mortality among patients with ACS with normal TnI. Sensitivity and specificity of TnI for predicting ACS was 84.6% (95% CI 74.7%–91.8%) and 58% (95% CI 50.3%–65.3%), respectively.

Conclusion
A variety of conditions apart from myocardial infarction can lead to elevated TnI. Hence, caution should be exercised while diagnosing a patient with ACS based on TnI value in the absence of other supporting evidence given its low specificity. Elevated TnI portends a worse prognosis regardless of the aetiology and has a role in predicting all-cause and cardiac mortality.
Breaking bad news: Awareness and practice of the SPIKES protocol among general surgery residents at a tertiary care institute in northern India
Authors: JAIN VIBHU , RAVI ASHWITHA , THAKUR VIPUL , MISHRA ANIKET , DHAMOR DEVESH , KHARE SIDDHANT 
Published: May 2024

Background
In general surgery, a clinician is commonly required to break bad news. However, training in communication is not a part of the formal curriculum either in medical school or in surgical residency and there is a paucity of data on awareness of the SPIKES (Setting up the interview, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge sharing, Emotion, Strategy and Summary) protocol among practising surgeons and residents in India.

Methods
We did a cross-sectional study in the Department of General Surgery at our institution. Junior residents were invited to take part in a one-on-one interview. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the findings of the study. Comparison for categorical data was done using Fisher exact test or chi-square test (whichever was applicable).

Results
A total of 82 residents with mean (SD) age of 27 (2.5) years (range 23–37 years) participated in the study. Only 31 (37.8%) had ever received training for breaking bad news, though 80 (97.6%) had broken bad news at least once. Twenty-one (26.3%) participants had a bad experience while breaking bad news. Seventy-seven (93.9%) participants felt the need for training in breaking bad news and 76 of them were willing to attend the same. Although the complete SPIKES protocol was followed only by 25 (31.3%) residents, 46 (56.1%) felt that it was practically possible to follow the SPIKES protocol.

Conclusion
Resident doctors in general surgery face situations of breaking bad news and adherence to the SPIKES protocol is poor. Formal training at every level may enhance their communication skills and enable better healthcare delivery.
Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) neuroblastoma: A case report
Authors: Sharkey Brandon , Conner Kaitlin Michelle , McGarvey Cade R. , Nair Ajay , Dorn Abbigail , Reinard Kevin , Gabel Brandon 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Neuroblastomas are rare tumors activated by the FoxR2 gene commonly found in pediatric patients. Due to the novelty of these tumors, there is no standard diagnostic profile. However, they have been found to express Olig2, MAP2, SOX10, ANKRD55, and synaptophysin, and they can be identified with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment with chemotherapy combined with stem cell rescue and craniospinal irradiation can improve non-infant patient outcomes.

Case Description:
We report a case of a 2-year-old patient who was diagnosed with a neuroblastoma through MRI imaging and pathology that confirmed FoxR2 gene activation. The tumor was successfully removed. However, the tumor was not high-grade like most FoxR2 neuroblastomas.

Conclusion:
The unusual presentation of a low-grade FoxR2 neuroblastoma demonstrates the necessity to conduct further research into the characteristics of these tumors.
Autochthonous and imported giardiasis cases: An analysis of two decades of national surveillance data, Germany, 2002 to 2021
Authors: Hommes Franziska , Dörre Achim , Behnke Susanne C , Stark Klaus , Faber Mirko 
Published: May 2024

Background

Giardia duodenalis is a major cause of gastroenteritis globally, and is the most common food- and waterborne parasitic infection in Europe.

Aim
To describe the epidemiology of reported acute giardiasis cases in Germany and compare demographic and clinical characteristics between imported and autochthonous cases.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive analysis of giardiasis cases that fulfilled the national case definition and were reported between January 2002 and December 2021. We defined an imported case as having at least one place of exposure abroad in the 3–25 days before symptom onset. We analysed case numbers and incidence by age, sex, month reported and geographic region, both overall and stratified by autochthonous and imported cases.

Results
From 2002 to 2021, 72,318 giardiasis cases were reported in Germany, corresponding to a mean annual incidence of 4.4 per 100,000 population. Annual incidence gradually decreased since 2013, declining sharply during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–21. Of 69,345 cases reported between 2002 and 2019, 35% were imported. Incidence of autochthonous cases (overall yearly mean: 3.1/100,000) was highest in males and young children (< 5 years); imported cases were predominantly adults aged 20–39 years. We identified seasonal patterns for imported and autochthonous cases.

Conclusions
Giardiasis in Germany is typically assumed to be imported. Our data, however, underline the importance of autochthonous giardiasis. Travel advice might reduce imported infections, but prevention strategies for autochthonous infections are less clear. Dietary, behavioural and environmental risk factors need to be further investigated to enhance infection prevention measures for autochthonous giardiasis.
PENGARUH PROSES PACK NITRIDING TERHADAP ANGKA KEKERASAN PERMUKAAN, KEULETAN DAN STRUKTUR MIKRO PADA BAJA SS 400
Authors: Sujita  , Pandiatmi Pandri , Bukhari Fadly 
Published: May 2024

The pack nitriding process is a process of increasing the surface hardness of steel by using nitrogen with the help of organic compounds as a nitrogen source in the process.

The processed steel is put into a vessel which is usually made of ceramic, glass or aluminum along with a compound used as a nitrogen source.

During heating,The organic compounds used in the analysis process are generally stable at temperatures up to 570 oC and removal times of 2 to 16 hours. The purpose of the pack nitriding process is to increase the surface hardness while remaining ductile inside. In this study, nitrogen was added using a pack nitriding process after which it was quenched using water. The elimination times used were 4 and 6 hours with temperature variations of 560°C, 580°C and 600°C and presenting nitrogen for the 150 gram pack nitriding process. The highest hardness value was obtained at 580 °C with a surface hardness value of 234.84 kg/mm2 with 4 hours of removal time. And the highest impact value was shown by the specimen without treatment of 158.3 Joules. The results of testing the chemical composition of the specimens without treatment and after the pack nitriding process showed that there was an increase in the nitrogen element.
Angiofibroma Nasofaring Pada Wanita Dewasa : Laporan Kasus
Authors: Sabruddin Sabruddin , Djufri Nani I , Sitorus Junedi 
Published: May 2024

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is a benign fibrovascular tumor arising in the nasopharynx in the region of sphenopalatine foramen and exhibiting a strong tendency to bleed. It occurs predominantly in males between 10 and 18 years of age. Only rare cases of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in female patients have been documented to date, and some authors believe that sex chroÂ­mosome studies are indicated in such cases. The pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma remains unknown, but it has been hypothesized that it is a testosteroneâ€‘dependent tumor. We present the clinical case of a 48â€‘yearâ€‘old woman with nasal blockage and repetitive epistaxis and due to highly vascularised mass that turned out to be an angiofibroma histologically.