bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Triglyceride- glucose index as simple marker associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Zubairy Maliha Akhtar , Nizamuddin Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIdentification of patients at early risk for CVD improves risk stratification and patient management. Triglyceride glucose index can be used as a marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.This study was approved by IRB of the institute and conducted in the period of July 2020 to June 2022 in the Chemical Pathology laboratory of Indus Hospital. All patients whose cardiac intervention (PCI/LHC) performed were included. Fasting lipid profile was analyzed on Alinity C analyzer, and FBS was measured on glucometer.TyG index was calculated, 54% have TyG index more than 9.04. Male predominance was observed, with 68.6% falling within the <9.04 range and 60.4% within the >9.04 range. Patients aged over 50, constituting 51 (59.3%) in the <9.04 TG index group and 60 (59.4%) in the >9.04 TG index group.Patients with TyG index <9.04, majority FBS is in pre-diabetic range 45.3% while TyG index >9.04 group, majority FBS is in diabetic range with a p-value of <0.001.Our study demonstrated that the TyG index was independently associated with atherosclerosis in our population and this marker can be used for the prediction of disease for healthy individuals.
Contrasting genomic epidemiology between sympatricPlasmodium falciparumandPlasmodium vivaxpopulations
Authors: Schwabl Philipp , Camponovo Flavia , Clementson Collette , Early Angela M. , Laws Margaret , Forero-Peña David A. , Noya Oscar , Grillet María Eugenia , Vanhove Mathieu , Anthony Frank , James Kashana , Singh Narine , Cox Horace , Niles-Robin Reza , Buckee Caroline O. , Neafsey Daniel E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe malaria parasitesPlasmodium falciparumandPlasmodium vivaxdiffer in key biological processes and associated clinical effects, but consequences on population-level transmission dynamics are difficult to predict. This co-endemic malaria study from Guyana details important epidemiological contrasts between the species by coupling population genomics (1,396 spatiotemporally-matched parasite genomes) with sociodemographic analysis (nationwide patient census). We describe howP. falciparumforms large, interrelated subpopulations that sporadically expand but generally exhibit restrained dispersal, whereby spatial distance and patient travel statistics predict parasite identity-by-descent (IBD). Case bias towards working-age adults is also strongly pronounced.P. vivaxexhibits 46% higher average diversity (π) and 6.5x lower average IBD. It occupies a wider geographic range, without evidence for outbreak-like expansions, only microgeographic patterns of isolation-by-distance, and weaker case bias towards adults. Possible latency-relapse effects also manifest in various analyses. For example, 11.0% of patients diagnosed withP. vivaxin Greater Georgetown report no recent travel to endemic zones, andP. vivaxclones recur in 11/46 patients incidentally sampled twice during the study. Polyclonality rate is also 2.1x higher than inP. falciparum,does not trend positively with estimated incidence, and correlates uniquely to selected demographics. We discuss possible underlying mechanisms and implications for malaria control.
Distributed and convergent representations of tools in human parietal and anterior temporal regions revealed by fMRI-RSA
Authors: Ishibashi Ryo , Humphreys Gina , Halai Ajay , Tanabe-Ishibashi Azumi , Hagura Nobuhiro , Ralph Matthew A. Lambon 
Published: April 2024

AbstractClassical models of tool knowledge and use are centred on dorsal and ventral parietal pathways. Theories of semantic cognition implicate a “hub-and-spoke” network, centred on the anterior temporal lobe (ATL), that underpins all concepts including tools. Despite their prominence, the two theoretical frameworks have never been brought together and the large discrepancy in the functional neuroanatomy addressed. We undertook a multiple-regression Representational Similarity Analysis (RSA) of task fMRI data with four (motor action, broad function, mechanical function, object structure) feature-based models. The motor action model correlated with the activation patterns in bilateral superior parietal lobules (SPL), while the models of broad function and mechanical effect aligned with the activation patterns in bilateral ATLs. The object-structure model correlated with activation patterns in bilateral middle occipital gyri. The results also showed that the ventral ATL activation patterns corresponded simultaneously with all RDM models except object structure. Furthermore, a standard univariate analysis using tool-familiarity ratings for parametric modulation revealed that the classical tool-network regions (frontal, inferior parietal, and posterior middle temporal cortices) were increasingly active as the tool familiarity reduced. These results demonstrate that parietal and ATL regions are both crucial, and motivate a major extension and revision of the neuroanatomical framework for tool use.
Assessing Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies Among US College Students after School Reopening
Authors: Feeder Scott E. , Ratishvili Tamar , Carlson Beth L. , Grill Diane E. , Goergen Krista M. , Kennedy Richard B. , Ovsyannikova Inna G. , Poland Gregory A. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study assessed the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at two timepoints to evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 precautions in two colleges.ParticipantsThe study enrolled students, faculty, and staff from Covenant and Geneva Colleges.MethodsDuring the fall of 2020 the Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group partnered with Vibrant America to hand out self-administered finger stick antibody tests at the start of the fall semester and again two months later.ResultsThe study enrolled 305 participants from Covenant and 671 from Geneva College at timepoint 1 and 198 participants from Covenant and 554 from Geneva College at timepoint 2. Seroprevalence rates were 2.3% and 1.6% at timepoint 1, and 0.5% and 3.97% at timepoint 2 at Covenant and Geneva Colleges, respectively.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that implementation of strict preventive measures may have kept the spread of COVID-19 low at these colleges during the study period.
Treatment Attrition, Concomitant Pharmaceutical Use, Temporal Claims-Based Utilization, and Real-World Characteristics Among Esketamine New Initiators in the United States, 2019-2022
Authors: Truax Brandon G. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo investigate real-world treatment attrition, concomitant use of pharmaceuticals with known drug-interactions, total cost of care, claims-based outcomes, and health disparities for individuals initiated on esketamine therapy in the United States.MethodsIndividuals aged 18-64 with >=1 adjudicated claim for esketamine intranasal spray from 2019 to 2022 in the Optum Labs Data Warehouse (OLDW) were included. Continuous health plan enrollment was required for 6 months prior and 6 months post-esketamine start date. Medical claims, pharmacy claims data, and socioeconomic data were descriptively analyzed to investigate characteristics of the real-world esketamine cohort.ResultsThere were 833 individuals in the esketamine analysis cohort. 33% had <8 treatment sessions and did not finish the first stage of treatment (induction phase). Use of pharmaceuticals with drug interactions was high-60.2% had at least one prescription fill for a drug with a known esketamine interaction in the 90-day window after esketamine initiation. Total costs of care went from $2,905 per patient per month (PPPM) in the baseline period to $5,734 PPPM in the follow-up period. Emergency department utilization with mental-health related diagnoses reduced by 42.5% in the follow-up period. PPPM utilization for office visits, excluding all claims on esketamine treatment days, went up 45% in the follow-up period. The esketamine cohort was pharmaceutically complex, and many of them had fractured care: 20% had prescription fills for >=11 drugs in the follow-up period. 18.6% percent of the cohort had >=7 drug-prescribing providers, and over 35% of the cohort had encounters with more than 10 healthcare practitioners in the follow-up period. The esketamine cohort had 26.6% more individuals in the highest socioeconomic status quintile (least socially deprived), compared to individuals with treatment-resistant depression (TRD), not initiated on esketamine.LimitationsThis was a retrospective cohort descriptive analysis with small sample sizes. Additional statistical analysis was not performed.ConclusionsThe esketamine cohort was characterized by considerable complexity from both a polypharmacy and lifestyle perspective. These contextual factors likely had significant bearing on adoption, access, and eventual claims-based outcomes. Understanding the interplay of these factors with the treatment dynamics of consciousness-altering compounds will be important to obtain the best real-world results from therapeutic classes with psychedelic compounds.
Physical condition survey of a rare book collection: a case study of “X” Museum Library in Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Hanan Adinda , Rachman Yeni Budi 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Rare book collections are special, not only in terms of their physical appearance but also because of their historical significance and the information they contain. The purpose of this study is twofold: to identify the physical condition of rare book collections and to determine the main causes of damage to rare books collection that belongs to a museum library in Indonesia.

Design/methodology/approach
This research involved conducting a survey of the physical condition of the collection of rare books owned by a museum library in Indonesia. Supporting data was also obtained through interviews with one of the staff who served as the museum collection conservator. This study used random sampling to take samples from the collection, which consisted of 950 rare books, with total sample of 91.

Findings
The results obtained state that the condition of the existing rare book collection is classified as severely damaged. One of the causes of damage that can be addressed immediately is the cleaning regime: the collection and library space should be cleaned thoroughly and regularly so that dust and dirt in and around the rare book collection can be reduced.

Research limitations/implications
This research was limited to physical identification, which can be done easily because it does not require various kinds of laboratory tests. It was a case study examining a single collection in a single museum library. The pool of books from which the samples were taken was therefore relatively homogenous. Therefore, it is hoped that further research can identify other factors and types of damage in more detail so that all damage to rare book collections can be identified and mitigated.

Originality/value
Research discussing the condition of rare book collections, especially for special libraries in museums in Indonesia, is still very limited. Detailed surveys of the physical condition of collections, especially rare book collections in museums, have rarely been discussed by previous research. The work will contribute to assessing the physical condition of rare book collections.
Quantification of sectoral impact of COVID-19 on Indian economy: an application of economy-wide accounting framework
Authors: Arora Rahul , Arora Nitin , Bhattacharjee Sidhartha 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
COVID-19 has affected the economies adversely from all sides. The sudden halt in production has impacted both the supply and demand sides. It calls for analysis to quantify the impact of the reduction in economic activity on the economy-wide variables so that appropriate steps can be taken. This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity of various sectors of the Indian economy to this dual shock.

Design/methodology/approach
The eight-sector open economy general equilibrium Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model has been simulated to evaluate the sector-specific effects of a fall in economic activity due to COVID-19. This model uses an economy-wide accounting framework to quantify the impact of a shock on the given equilibrium economy and report the post-simulation new equilibrium values.

Findings
The empirical results state that welfare for the Indian economy falls to the tune of 7.70% due to output shock. Because of demand–supply linkages, it also impacts the inter- and intra-industry flows, demand for factors of production and imports. There is a momentous fall in the demand for factor endowments from all sectors. Among those, the trade-hotel-transport and manufacturing sectors are in the first two positions from the top. The study recommends an immediate revival of the manufacturing and trade-hotel-transport sectors to get the Indian economy back on track.

Originality/value
The present study has modified the existing GTAP model accounting framework through unemployment and output closures to account for the impact of change in sectoral output due to COVID-19 on the level of employment and other macroeconomic variables.
The interrelationship between Lean 4.0 and value co-creation: an empirical study in the dairy sector
Authors: Bonamigo Andrei , Nunes Andrezza , Mendes Lucas Ferreira , Martelotte Marcela Cohen , Andrade Herlandí De Souza 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the impact of Lean 4.0 practices on value co-creation in the dairy ecosystem.

Design/methodology/approach
Data collection were carried out through a questionary application with 126 professionals linked to the dairy ecosystem, including milk producers, milk cooperatives and milk transporters. The data were analyzed using Cluster Analysis, Mann-Whitney test and Chi-Square test.

Findings
A strong relation was found between the use of Lean 4.0 tools and the increase in operational performance, in addition to milk quality. Moreover, it can be noted that the use of digital technologies from Industry 4.0 has a strong relation with dairy production optimization, in other words, it is possible to be more efficient in the dairy process via Lean 4.0 adoption.

Research limitations/implications
The study is limited to analyzing the Brazilian dairy ecosystem. The results presented may not reflect the characteristics of the other countries.

Practical implications
Once the potential empirical impacts of the relation between Lean 4.0 and value co-creation are elucidated, it is possible to direct strategies for decision-making and guide efforts by researchers and professionals to deal with the waste mitigation present in the dairy sector.

Social implications
Lean 4.0 proves to be a potential solution to improve the operational performance of the dairy production system. Lean 4.0, linked to value co-creation, allows the integration of the production sector with consumers, through smart technologies, so new services and experiences can be provided to the consumer market. Additionally, the consumer experience can be stimulated based on Lean 4.0, once the quality specification is highlighted based on data science and smart management control.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes the interrelationship between the Lean 4.0 philosophy and the value co-creation in the dairy ecosystem. In this sense, the study reveals the main contributions of this interrelation to the dairy sector via value co-creation, which demonstrates a new perspective on the complementarity of resources, elimination of process losses and new experiences for the user through digital technologies integrated with the Lean Thinking approach.
The possibility of a theory of change to tackle the climate crisis in a UK university
Authors: Bookbinder Ruth , Mdee Anna , Roelich Katy 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the practical dilemmas of institutional change to tackle the climate crisis in a UK university, identifying key assumptions and issues that block meaningful change. The research was part of an initiative to define a theory of change (ToC) to meet the university’s institutional climate commitments.

Design/methodology/approach
The findings are based on interviews with members of an inter-disciplinary ToC working group, a staff–student climate coalition and student representatives at the university. Interviewees were purposively selected to gain insights into assumptions about the nature of the university and its role in tackling the climate crisis, which must be addressed for the university to effectively implement its climate plan.

Findings
This paper identified tensions between the university’s role as a public and commercial institution, a lack of clarity over decision-making processes and the difficulties in balancing (and being transparent about) actions with commitments to tackle the climate crisis. A democratic and flexible approach to change is essential to mitigate these issues, providing an opportunity to reflect on the diversity of the university community and openly debate goals and commitments.

Originality/value
In setting out the initial steps of a ToC in a UK university, this paper offers practical insights for higher education institutions looking to change practices. By highlighting assumptions at a particular institution, this paper also contributes a level of granularity to a growing field of research on efforts in higher education institutions to tackle the climate crisis.
Two-way relationship between inequality and growth within the fiscal policy channel: an empirical assessment for European countries
Authors: Alves José , Coelho José 
Published: April 2024

PurposeWe investigate the role of fiscal policy, through several measures of government revenues and expenditures and redistribution, on disposable and market income inequality and economic growth as well as the interaction between inequality and growth for 31 European countries from 1995 to 2019.Design/methodology/approachWe use a simultaneous equations model to assess the linkage between economic growth, inequalities and fiscal policy variables.Findings(1) While disposable income inequality has a negative effect on all fiscal policy variables, market income inequality has a mixed effects; (2) for Eastern European countries, public consumption and direct taxation positively influence economic growth; conversely, for Western European countries, the effects are negative; (3) disposable and market income inequality have a positive effect on growth for Eastern European countries, and a negative influence on growth for Western European countries; (4) growth contributes to the increase of disposable and market income inequality for Eastern European countries; for Western European countries, the effects are opposite; and (5) fiscal policy allows for the attenuation of disposable income inequality.Originality/valueThe different results between the role of market and disposable income inequality levels lead us to suggest tax progressivity as an important feature to consider when analyse the trivariate relationship between inequalities, fiscal policy and growth. Furthermore, there are different dynamics between inequality and growth, and the role of fiscal policy, on both Eastern and Western European countries.
Factors influencing the organisational homeostasis in healthcare organisations
Authors: Thomas Albi , Suresh M. 
Published: April 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to identify organisational homeostasis factors in the context of healthcare organisations and to develop a conceptual model for green transformation.Design/methodology/approachThe organisational homeostasis factors were determined by review of literature study and the opinions of healthcare experts. Scheduled interviews and closed-ended questionnaires are employed to collect data for this research. This study employed “TISM methodology” and “MICMAC analysis” to better comprehend how the components interact with one another and prioritise them based on their driving and dependence power.FindingsThis study identified 10 factors of organisational homeostasis in healthcare organisation. Recognition of interdependence, hormesis, strategic coalignment, consciousness on dependence of healthcare resources and cybernetic principle of regulations are the driving or key factors of this study.Research limitations/implicationsThe study's primary focus was on the organisational homeostasis factors in healthcare organisations. The methodological approach and structural model are used in a healthcare organisation; in the future, these approaches can be applied to other industries as well.Practical implicationsThe key drivers of organisational homeostasis and the identified factors will be better comprehended and understood by academic and important stakeholders in healthcare organisations. Prioritizing the factors helps the policymakers to comprehend the organisational homeostasis for green transformation in healthcare.Originality/valueIn this study, the TISM and MICMAC analysis for healthcare is proposed as an innovative approach to address the organisational homeostasis concept in the context of green transformation in healthcare organisations.
Perceived overqualification, counterproductive work behaviors and withdrawal: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Zhang Wen , Xia Bohang , Derks Daantje , Pletzer Jan Luca , Breevaart Kimberley , Zhang Xichao 
Published: April 2024

PurposeIntegrating person-job fit theory with the stressor-emotion model of counterproductive work behavior (CWB), the current study aims to examine which behavioral pattern (fight: CWB vs flight: withdrawal) employees are more likely to adopt when they experience perceived overqualification (POQ). We further investigate anger as the underlying emotional mechanism for these relations because anger can be expressed and thus reflected in CWB, or constrained and thus reflected in withdrawal behavior. Furthermore, different stressor-attenuating strategies including relaxation during work breaks and mastery experiences at work are examined as mitigating factors of these relations.Design/methodology/approachTime-lagged data were collected from 176 full-time employees in China using a field survey research design.FindingsWe found that employees who experience POQ are more likely to engage in withdrawal than in CWB. Anger mediated the relations of POQ with both CWB and withdrawal. Relaxation moderated the relation between POQ and anger, as well as the indirect relations of POQ with CWB and withdrawal through anger.Research limitations/implicationsThis study enhances understanding of employees’ affective and behavioral reactions to POQ. However, the survey design was not longitudinal and causality cannot be established.Practical implicationsPOQ is associated with undesirable employee behaviors and should therefore be avoided by organizations. If POQ is unavoidable, organizations can use job design and offer training to foster relaxation in between tasks among employees.Originality/valueIn the framework of person-job fit theory, our study provides insight about employees’ “fight” or “flight” responses to POQ, and further illustrates the mechanism and the attenuating factors in this processes.