bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of cosmetic treatments in the uptake of in vitro cocaine contamination in hair
Authors: Dombroski Alexandra , Betancourt Marialejandra Faure , Alvarado Alexis , St. Fleur Patricia , Pomales Argeliz , Concheiro‐Guisan Marta , Pego Ana Miguel Fonseca 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHair analysis is a powerful tool to assess drug use, yet the challenge of external contamination complicates its interpretation. Understanding the influence of cosmetic hair treatments is pivotal as their presence may affect this phenomenon. This study investigated the effects of four cosmetic treatments (bleach, henna, gel, and dry shampoo) on the external in vitro contamination of cocaine and its primary metabolite, benzoylecgonine (BE). Hair samples were divided into four groups: A‐hair treated with cosmetics then contaminated; B‐hair contaminated then subjected to cosmetic treatment; and C‐hair solely contaminated (control group). Negative hair samples (n = 24) were immersed in a cocaine and BE aqueous solution of 1 μg/mL for 24 h. All hair samples were analyzed by a LC–MSMS procedure successfully validated according to ANSI/ASB Standard 036 guidelines (limit of quantification at 10 pg/mg). Henna in Group A (n = 13) resulted in the most substantial reduction for cocaine (92%), while bleach in Group B (n = 15) showed an 80% decrease. For BE, Group A henna (n = 13) exhibited a 50% reduction, and Group B bleach (n = 15) demonstrated a 71% decrease, all compared to Group C (n = 24). The study found no significant differences concerning hair color (black (n = 3), brown (n = 10), red (n = 5) and blond (n = 6)) or shape (straight (n = 6), wavy (n = 16), curly (n = 1), and coily (n = 1)). All analysis were performed in triplicate with variations below 20%. These findings emphasize that cosmetic treatments do affect cocaine/BE concentrations in hair when exposed to external contamination, highlighting the importance of considering an individual's cosmetic history prior to interpretation.
Platelet count in heart failure patients undergoing left ventricular assist device
Authors: Luo Jun , Li Zhenhan , Luo Yuxiang , Li Tong , Shi Rui , Chen Dan , Wu Qingchen , Luo Suxin , Huang Bi , Tie Hongtao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsLeft ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation, a therapy for end‐stage heart failure, is associated with platelet (PLT) activation. This study aims to evaluate the prognostic impact of PLT count in patients with LVAD implantation.Methods and ResultsData from the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) registry were investigated, and patients were divided into three groups according to tertiles. The dynamic change of PLT counts and its associations with long‐term outcomes were analysed. The primary outcome was long‐term mortality. A total of 19 517 patients who received the first continuous‐flow LVAD were identified from the INTERMACS registry. The PLT count underwent a dynamic change towards normalization after LVAD implantation. Compared with intermediate, both high (hazard ratio [HR], 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01 to 1.17, P = 0.033) and low (HR, 1.18, 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.27, P < 0.001) pre‐implant PLT counts were associated with an increased risk of 2 year mortality. Compared with intermediate, a high post‐implant PLT count was associated with an increased risk of 4 year mortality (HR, 1.38, 95% CI: 1.26 to 1.52, P < 0.001). Besides, both pre‐ and post‐implant PLT counts exhibit a U‐shaped association with the risk of mortality.ConclusionsLVAD implantation could improve the PLT count towards normalization. Abnormal pre‐/post‐implant PLT counts were independently associated with increased risks of long‐term mortality.
Computational Study of Equilibria Formed by Diiodine (I2) and the Pincer Complex [2,6‐bis{(Me2NCH2)2}C6H3]PtIII: Intramolecular Mobility of I2 Using ′Pt‐I2′, ′Pt‐I ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ I2′ and ′Cpara ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ I2′ Species
Authors: Canty Allan J. , van Koten Gerard 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDFT computation indicates the presence of solution equilibria with very low barriers when diiodine interacts with the square‐planar platinum(II) pincer complex Pt(NCN)I (NCN=[2,6‐bis{(dimethylamino)methyl}phenyl‐N,C,N]−) in dichloromethane. Species present include square‐planar Pt(NCN)(η1‐I3) and square‐pyramidal Pt(NCN)I(η1‐I2) interconverted via a triangular transition state with I2 bridging a Pt−I bond, and interaction of diiodine at the para‐position of the arene ring interconverted with Pt(NCN)I(η1‐I2) via a transition state with diiodine bridging the Cortho‐ and Cmeta‐positions. Similar facile intramolecular rearrangements occur for a model system with a molar ratio of 1 : 2 for Pt : I2, exhibiting species such as Pt(NCN)(η1‐I3)(η1‐I2) and mobility of diiodine over the (pincer)PtI plane.
Electrofluidic control for textile‐based cell culture: Identification of appropriate conditions required to integrate cell culture with electrofluidics
Authors: Abeywardena Sujani B. Y. , Yue Zhilian , Wallace Gordon G. , Innis Peter C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectric field–driven microfluidics, known as electrofluidics, is a novel attractive analytical tool when it is integrated with low‐cost textile substrate. Textile‐based electrofluidics, primarily explored on yarn substrates, is in its early stages, with few studies on 3D structures. Further, textile structures have rarely been used in cellular analysis as a low‐cost alternative. Herein, we investigated novel 3D textile structures and develop optimal electrophoretic designs and conditions that are favourable for direct 3D cell culture integration, developing an integrated cell culture textile‐based electrofluidic platform that was optimised to balance electrokinetic performance and cell viability requirements. Significantly, there were contrasting electrolyte compositional conditions that were required to satisfy cell viability and electrophoretic mobility requiring the development of and electrolyte that satisfied the minimum requirements of both these components within the one platform. Human dermal fibroblast cell cultures were successfully integrated with gelatine methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel‐coated electrofluidic platform and studied under different electric fields using 5 mM TRIS/HEPES/300 mM glucose. Higher analyte mobility was observed on 2.5% GelMA‐coated textile which also facilitated excellent cell attachment, viability and proliferation. Cell viability also increased by decreasing the magnitude and time duration of applied electric field with good cell viability at field of up to 20 V cm−1.
Septal stimulation attenuates hippocampal seizure with subregion specificity
Authors: Zhang Qingyang , Wang Yu , Wang Fei , Jiang Dongxiao , Song Yingjie , Yang Lin , Zhang Mengdi , Wang Yi , Ruan Yeping , Fang Jiajia , Fei Fan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveDeep brain stimulation (DBS) is a promising approach for the treatment of epilepsy. However, the optimal target for DBS and underlying mechanisms are still not clear. Here, we compared the therapeutic effects of DBS on distinct septal subregions, aimed to find the precise targets of septal DBS and related mechanisms for the clinical treatment.MethodsAssisted by behavioral test, electroencephalography (EEG) recording and analyzing, selectively neuronal manipulation and immunohistochemistry, we assessed the effects of DBS on the three septal subregions in kainic acid (KA)‐induced mouse seizure model.ResultsDBS in the medial septum (MS) not only delayed generalized seizure (GS) development, but reduced the severity; DBS in the vertical diagonal band of Broca (VDB) only reduced the severity of GS, while DBS in the horizontal diagonal band of Broca (HDB) subregion showed no anti‐seizure effect. Notably, DBS in the MS much more efficiently decreased abnormal activation of hippocampal neurons. EEG spectrum analysis indicated that DBS in the MS and VDB subregions mainly increased the basal hippocampal low‐frequency (delta and theta) rhythm. Furthermore, ablation of cholinergic neurons in the MS and VDB subregions blocked the anti‐seizure and EEG‐modulating effects of septal DBS, suggesting the seizure‐alleviating effect of DBS was dependent on local cholinergic neurons.SignificanceDBS in the MS and VDB, rather than HDB, attenuates hippocampal seizure by activation of cholinergic neurons‐augmented hippocampal delta/theta rhythm. This may be of great therapeutic significance for the clinical treatment of epilepsy with septal DBS.Plain Language SummaryThe optical target of deep brain stimulation in the septum is still not clear. This study demonstrated that stimulation in the medial septum and vertical diagonal band of Broca subregions, but not the horizontal diagonal band of Broca, could alleviate hippocampal seizure through cholinergic neurons‐augmented hippocampal delta/theta rhythm. This study may shed light on the importance of precise regulation of deep brain stimulation therapy in treating epileptic seizures.
Cross‐divide difference in channel‐head steady‐state elevation controls drainage‐divide migration
Authors: Ye Yijia , Tan Xibin , Zhou Chao , Bian Shuang , Liu Yiduo , Shi Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is generally agreed that the channel‐head steady‐state elevations (
) across a drainage divide are different when the drainage divide is moving. However, whether it is the hillslope or river channel that absorbs the cross‐divide difference in channel‐head steady‐state elevation (
) remains unclear. These different views have consequences for both the methods used to measure drainage‐divide stability and tectonic reconstructions from channel profiles. Two methods for determining drainage‐divide stability include Gilbert metrics and χ‐plots, which emphasise the role of hillslopes and river channels, respectively. Here, we address this issue by deducing equations for estimating
and identifying the absorbers of
using numerical simulations and two natural cases. Our results show that both hillslopes and river channels absorb parts of
in each case; however, the proportion absorbed varies from case to case. When the hillslope absorbs a greater proportion of
, the river channel absorbs less, and vice versa. We suggest that both Gilbert metrics and χ‐plots should be applied when evaluating drainage‐divide stability; if either suggests the divide is unstable, then it is indeed unstable. Moreover, the river channel profiles on both sides of a drainage divide are in disequilibrium when the divide is moving, and the erosion rates are greater and less than the uplift rates at the expanding and shrinking sides, respectively. This underscores that drainage‐divide migration can significantly hinder the extraction of uplift history from channel profiles.
Tailored Metal‐Porphyrin Based Molecular Electrocatalysts for Enhanced Artificial Nitrogen Fixation to Green Ammonia
Authors: Salerno Giorgia , Bettucci Ottavia , Manfredi Norberto , Stendardo Luca , Veronese Eleonora , Metrangolo Pierangelo , Abbotto Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrochemical nitrogen reduction (E‐NRR) is one of the most promising approaches to generate green NH3. However, scarce ammonia yields and Faradaic efficiencies (FE) still limit their use on a large scale. Thus, efforts are focusing on different E‐NRR catalyst structures and formulations. Among present strategies, molecular electrocatalysts such as metal‐porphyrins emerge as an encouraging option due to their planar structures which favor the interaction involving the metal center, responsible for adsorption and activation of nitrogen. Nevertheless, the high hydrophobicity of porphyrins limits the aqueous electrolyte–catalyst interaction lowering yields. This work introduces a new class of metal‐porphyrin based catalysts, bearing hydrophilic tris(ethyleneglycol) monomethyl ether chains (metal = Cu(II) and CoII)). Experimental results show that the presence of hydrophilic chains significantly increases ammonia yields and FE, supporting the relevance of fruitful catalyst‐electrolyte interactions. This study also investigates the use of hydrophobic branched alkyl chains for comparison, resulting in similar performances with respect to the unsubstituted metal‐porphyrin, taken as a reference, further confirming that the appropriate design of electrocatalysts carrying peripheral hydrophilic substituents is able to improve device performances in the generation of green ammonia.
Poor sleep quality is an important modifiable risk factor for dementia: Population attributable fraction of poor sleep in a Brazilian population‐based study
Authors: Borelli Wyllians Vendramini , Noll Giovani , Tonon André C. , Leotti Vanessa Bielefeldt , Castilhos Raphael Machado , Zimmer Eduardo R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe populational impact of poor sleep quality and the risk of dementia is unclear. We analyzed the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of poor sleep quality for dementia, and its association with other two sleep parameters through self‐reported and single questions collected in a large‐scale Brazilian cohort (ELSI‐Brazil).MethodsA subset of the ELSI‐Brazil with complete responses to sleep quality was retrieved for this study. This is a large representative sample of the Brazilian elderly population with an extensive assessment of sociodemographic and health risk variables. Prevalence of poor sleep quality was estimated according to the complex sample design, and its PAF was measured using a meta‐analytic relative risk. A total of 6024 (56.3% women, mean 62.8 ± 9.5 years of age) individuals had complete responses.ResultsThe prevalence of poor sleep quality was 24.9% (95%CI 23%–26%), and the PAF of poor sleep quality including other 10 modifiable risk factors of dementia was 52.5% in Brazil. Secondary analyses identified that sleep quality, restorative sleep and sleep drug usage varied considerably according to age ranges, race, and gender.ConclusionsPoor sleep quality is an important populational modifiable risk factor for dementia in Brazil. Targeted interventions may provide an important impact in preventing dementia in low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Is anchoring at ‘dead’ a theoretical requirement for health state valuation?
Authors: Sampson Chris , Parkin David , Devlin Nancy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractValues that accompany generic health measures are typically anchored at 1 = full health and 0 = dead. Some health states may then be considered ‘worse than dead’ (WTD) and assigned negative values, which causes fundamental measurement problems. In this paper, we challenge the assumption that anchoring values at ‘dead = 0’ is necessary for quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) estimation. We summarise the role of ‘dead’ in health state valuation and consider three critical questions: (i) whether the measurement properties of health state values require ‘dead’; (ii) whether ‘dead’ needs to be valued relative to health states; and (iii) whether values for states WTD are meaningful or useful. We conclude that anchoring 0 at dead is not a requirement of health status measurement or cost‐effectiveness analysis. This results from reframing QALYs as the relevant unit of measurement and reframing values as being derived from QALYs rather than the reverse.
Primary central nervous system lymphomas: EHA–ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up
Authors: Ferreri Andrés J. M. , Illerhaus Gerald , Doorduijn Jeanette K. , Auer Dorothee P. , Bromberg Jacoline E. C. , Calimeri Teresa , Cwynarski Kate , Fox Christopher P. , Hoang‐Xuan Khê , Malaise Denis , Ponzoni Maurilio , Schorb Elisabeth , Soussain Carole , Specht Lena , Zucca Emanuele , Buske Christian , Jerkeman Mats , Dreyling Martin ,   EHA and ESMO Guidelines Committees
Published: June 2024

Highlights

This EHA‐ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline provides key recommendations for managing primary DLBCL of the CNS.
The guideline covers clinical, imaging and pathological diagnosis, staging and risk assessment, treatment and follow‐up.
Algorithms for first‐line and salvage treatments are provided.
The author group encompasses a multidisciplinary group of experts from different institutions and countries in Europe.
Recommendations are based on available scientific data and the authors' collective expert opinion.
Impact of pharmacist‐led discharge medication reconciliation on error and patient harm prevention at a large academic medical center
Authors: Zheng Linda , Pon Tiffany , Bajorek Sarah , Le Kathie , Hluhanich Rebecca , Ren Yunyi , Wilson Machelle 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionMedication errors during hospital discharge can lead to adverse outcomes, medication‐related readmissions, and increased health care costs. Pharmacist‐led medication reconciliation at discharge is a potential solution to mitigate poor outcomes and optimize medication safety.ObjectivesThis study aimed to quantify medication errors identified at discharge and characterize the severity of patient harm prevented following pharmacist‐led discharge medication reconciliation. Cost avoidance analysis was conducted to determine its associated financial impact.MethodsPatients, who were discharged from an adult internal medicine service during October 2022, were included in this one‐month pilot prospective quality improvement study. The number of errors at discharge were documented, categorized by type, and adjudicated for severity of potential harm. Error severity was classified based on a modified National Coordinating Council for Medication Error Reporting and Prevention Medication Error Index. Cost avoidance was calculated based on whether each error would have resulted in additional medical encounters and length of stay.ResultsThirty‐one patients were included in the analysis. Forty errors were identified by pharmacist‐led medication reconciliation at discharge, with a mean of 1.3 ± 1.9 errors per patient and 68% of patients having at least one error. The most common errors were duplication of therapy (25%) and medication access barriers at discharge (25%). The severity of errors included low (22.5%), serious (75%), and life‐threatening harm (2.5%). Thirty‐five percent of errors could have led to emergency visits or hospital readmissions. The estimated total cost for errors was $25 600. Pharmacist labor cost for reconciliation was $816. Cost avoidance was $24 784 from the 14 errors at discharge that could have resulted in additional emergency or inpatient visits.ConclusionPharmacist‐led medication reconciliation at discharge may prevent harm from reaching patients, decrease cost from unnecessary health encounters, and stop the error from continuing across transitions of care.
The role of microenvironments on computed vibrationally‐resolved emission spectra: The case of oxazines
Authors: Nguyen Thi Minh Nghia , König Carolin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOxazine dyes act as reporters of their near environment by the response of their fluorescence spectra. At the same time, their fluorescence spectra exhibit a pronounced vibrational progression. In this work, we computationally investigate the impact of near‐environment models consisting of aggregated water as well as betaine molecules on the vibrational profile of fluorescence spectra of different oxazine derivatives. For aggregated betaine and a water molecule located above the plane of the dyes, we observe a distinct modification of the vibrational profile, which is more pronounced than the effect of a continuum description of a solvent environment. Our analysis shows that this effect cannot be explained by a pure change in the electronic structure, but that also vibrational degrees of freedom of the environment can be decisive for the vibrational profile and should, hence, not generally be neglected.
Clinical performance of fecal calprotectin, lactoferrin, and hemoglobin for evaluating the disease activity of IBD and detecting colorectal tumors
Authors: Yamakawa Tsukasa , Miyake Takakazu , Yokoyama Yoshihiro , Kazama Tomoe , Hayashi Yuki , Hirayama Daisuke , Yoshii Shinji , Yamano Hiro‐o , Takahashi Satoshi , Nakase Hiroshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimRecently, noninvasive fecal markers have been used as indicators of intestinal inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We conducted a clinical validation study to measure fecal calprotectin (Cp), lactoferrin (Lf), and hemoglobin (Hb) levels using an all‐in‐one kit in patients with IBD and colorectal tumors and aimed to clarify the utility of these fecal markers.MethodsIn this study, 104 patients were analyzed, including 25 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 20 with Crohn's disease (CD), 48 with colorectal tumors, and 13 healthy controls (HC). Of the 48 patients with colorectal tumors, 14 had invasive cancer. We validated the utility of fecal Cp, Lf, and Hb levels by simultaneously measuring fecal markers in patients with IBD and colorectal tumors.ResultsFecal Cp and Lf had almost equivalent abilities in detecting clinical remission in patients with UC; however, fecal Cp was slightly superior to Lf. Regarding colorectal tumors, fecal Cp and Lf levels tended to be higher in patients with adenomas and colorectal cancer than in HCs. Although fecal Hb alone had the best sensitivity and specificity for detecting colorectal cancer, it had relatively low sensitivity for detecting advanced neoplasms and colorectal cancer.ConclusionFecal Cp and Lf can be used as almost equivalent biomarkers to assess the clinical activity in patients with UC. Fecal Hb is the most useful marker for screening colorectal cancer; however, adding fecal Cp and Lf may compensate for the low sensitivity of detecting for advanced colorectal tumors based on Hb alone.
Association between influenza vaccination and one‐year all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality risk: A self‐controlled case series and matched case‐control study
Authors: Ma Yuan , Li Wei , Li Juan , Qian Jie , Jiang Mingyue , Sun Yanxia , Ma Yue , Yang Weizhong , Feng Luzhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDebates surrounding the efficacy of influenza vaccination for survival benefits persist, and there is a lack of data regarding its duration of protection. A self‐controlled case series (SCCS) and a 1:4 matched case‐control study were conducted using the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and public‐use mortality data from 2005 to 2018 in the United States. The SCCS study identified participants who received influenza vaccination within 12 months before the survey and subsequently died within 1 year of postvaccination. The matched case‐control study paired participants who died during the influenza season at the time of survey with four survivors. Among 1167 participants in the SCCS study, there was a 46% reduction in all‐cause mortality and a 43% reduction in cardiovascular mortality within 29–196 days of postvaccination. The greatest protection was observed during days 29–56 (all‐cause mortality: RI: 0.19; 95% CI: 0.12–0.29; cardiovascular mortality: RI: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14–0.56). Among 626 cases and 2504 controls included in the matched case‐control study, influenza vaccination was associated with a reduction in all‐cause mortality (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.60–0.92) and cardiovascular mortality (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44–0.93) during the influenza season. This study highlights the importance of influenza vaccination in reducing the risks of all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, with effects lasting for approximately 6 months.