bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consistent quasistatic and acoustic elasticity determination of poly‐L‐lactide‐based rapid‐prototyped tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Luczynski Krzysztof W. , Brynk Tomasz , Ostrowska Barbara , Swieszkowski Wojciech , Reihsner Roland , Hellmich Christian 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis paper is concerned with reliable and physically sound elasticity determination of rapid‐prototyped tissue engineering scaffolds made of poly‐L‐lactide (PLLA), with and without small portions of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) inclusions. At the level of overall scaffolds, that is, that of several millimeters, multiple uniaxial loading–unloading (quasistatic) tests were performed, giving access to the scaffolds' Young's moduli, through stress–strain characteristics during unloading. In addition, acoustic tests with 0.05 MHz frequency delivered an independent access to elastic properties, in terms of the normal components of the scaffolds' stiffness tensors. The latter strongly correlate, in a linear fashion, with the Young's moduli from the unloading tests, revealing porosity independence of Poisson's ratio. The magnitude of the latter is in full agreement with literature data on polymers. Both of these facts underline that both ultrasound tests and quasistatic unloading tests reliably provide the elastic properties of tissue engineering scaffolds. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A:138–144, 2013.
Developing Rural Tourism: the PAT Program and ‘Nong jia le’ Tourism in China
Authors: Su Baoren 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTDespite the fact that the last three decades have witnessed the rapid development of rural tourism (RT) in China, which is being promoted by the Chinese government as an important new type of tourism due to its special role in revitalizing China's rural economy, there is still little knowledge about the economic impacts of RT on Chinese rural communities in terms of socio‐economic development and regeneration. Accordingly, this study represents an attempt to address this issue by examining the Poverty Alleviation through Tourism program and ‘Nong jia le’ (Happy Farmer Home) tourism within the Chinese context. The findings not only confirm the widely held importance of RT, as expected, but also identify the problems and challenges relating to the sustainable development of RT in the future. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of intimate partner violence and additional traumatic events on trauma symptoms and PTSD in preschool‐aged children
Authors: Graham‐Bermann Sandra A. , Castor Lana E. , Miller Laura E. , Howell Kathryn H. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractChildren exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV) are at increased risk for developing traumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Unfortunately, children who witness IPV are often exposed to additional traumatic events. Previous research has indicated that approximately one third of children experience 2 or more direct victimizations each year, and that exposure to one type of victimization places children at risk for exposure to additional types of victimization. Yet little is known about the impact of these additional traumas on children's functioning. For a sample of 120 preschool children (age 4–6 years) exposed to IPV in the past 2 years, 38% were exposed to additional traumatic events, including sexual assaults by family members, physical assaults, serious accidents, and/or life‐threatening illnesses. Those exposed to both IPV and additional traumatic events had higher rates of PTSD diagnoses, traumatic stress symptoms (d = 0.96), and internalizing (d = 0.86) and externalizing behavior (d = 0.47) problems, than those exposed to IPV alone. We also compared DSM‐IV diagnostic criteria to proposed criteria for evaluating traumatic stress in preschool‐aged children. Results revealed the importance of conducting a complete assessment of traumatic events prior to treating children exposed to IPV.
Mass spectrometry‐based proteomics: The road to lung cancer biomarker discovery
Authors: Indovina Paola , Marcelli Eleonora , Pentimalli Francesca , Tanganelli Piero , Tarro Giulio , Giordano Antonio 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men and women in Western nations, and is among the deadliest cancers with a 5‐year survival rate of 15%. The high mortality caused by lung cancer is attributable to a late‐stage diagnosis and the lack of effective treatments. So, it is crucial to identify new biomarkers that could function not only to detect lung cancer at an early stage but also to shed light on the molecular mechanisms that underlie cancer development and serve as the basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Considering that DNA‐based biomarkers for lung cancer showed inadequate sensitivity, specificity, and reproducibility, proteomics could represent a better tool for the identification of useful biomarkers and therapeutic targets for this cancer type. Among the proteomics technologies, the most powerful tool is mass spectrometry. In this review, we describe studies that use mass spectrometry‐based proteomics technologies to analyze tumor proteins and peptides, which might represent new diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive markers for lung cancer. We focus in particular on those findings that hold promise to impact significantly on the clinical management of this disease. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 32:129–142, 2013
Per‐subject characterization of bolus width in pulsed arterial spin labeling using bolus turbo sampling
Authors: Villien M. , Chipon E. , Troprès I. , Bouvier J. , Cantin S. , Chechin D. , Le Bas J.‐F. , Krainik A. , Warnking J. M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractQuantification of cerebral blood flow using QUIPSSII pulsed arterial spin labeling requires that the QUIPSS saturation delay TI1 is shorter than the natural temporal bolus width. Yet the duration of the bolus of tagged spins entering the region of interest varies during vasoactive stimuli such as gaseous challenges or across subjects due to differences in blood velocity or vessel geometry. A new technique, bolus turbo sampling, to rapidly measure the duration of the inflowing bolus is presented. It allows to optimize the arterial spin labeling acquisition to ensure reliable quantification of perfusion while maximizing the arterial spin labeling signal by avoiding the use of unnecessarily short label durations. The average bolus width measured in the right and left middle cerebral artery territories using the bolus turbo sampling technique has a repeatability coefficient of 75 ms and correlates significantly with the TI1,max determined from a novel multi‐TI1 protocol (R = 0.65, P < 0.05). The possibility to measure the bolus width under hypercapnia is demonstrated. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Progression of experimental lesions of atherosclerosis: Assessment by kinetic modeling of black‐blood dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI
Authors: Chen Huijun , Ricks Jerry , Rosenfeld Michael , Kerwin William S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPharmacokinetic modeling of dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to noninvasively characterize neovasculature and inflammation in atherosclerotic vessels by estimating perfusion characteristics, such as fractional plasma volume vp and transfer constant Ktrans. DCE‐MRI has potential to study the evolution of nascent lesions involving early pathological changes. However, currently used bright‐blood DCE‐MRI approaches are difficult to apply to small lesions because of the difficulty in separating the signal in the thin vessel wall from the adjacent lumen. By suppressing the lumen signal, black‐blood DCE‐MRI techniques potentially provide a better tool for early atherosclerotic lesion assessment. However, whether black‐blood DCE‐MRI can detect temporal changes in physiological kinetic parameters has not been investigated for atherosclerosis. This study of balloon‐injured New Zealand White rabbits used a reference‐region‐based pharmacokinetic model of black‐blood DCE‐MRI to evaluate temporal changes in early experimental atherosclerotic lesions of the abdominal aorta. Six rabbits were imaged at 3 and 6 months after injury. Ktrans was found to increase from 0.10 ± 0.03 min−1 to 0.14 ± 0.05 min−1 (P = 0.01). In histological analysis of all twelve rabbits, Ktrans showed a significant correlation with macrophage content (R = 0.70, P =0.01). These results suggest black‐blood DCE‐MRI and a reference‐region kinetic model could be used to study plaque development and therapeutic response in vivo. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
In vivo MRI of fresh stored osteochondral allograft transplantation with delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage: Protocol considerations and recommendations
Authors: Durkan Michael G. , Szumowski Jerzy , Brown Dawson S. , Foss Erik W. , Crawford Dennis C. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe protocol for delayed gadolinium‐enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC) was adapted for the evaluation of transplanted osteochondral allograft cartilage. Eight patients with focal grade 4 cartilage defects of the femoral condyle were treated with single cylindrical osteochondral allografts. At 1 and 2 years, dGEMRIC image sequences were acquired and regions of interest (ROIs) were drawn in repair and native control cartilage. Mean T1 values of region of interest were used to calculate established dGEMRIC metrics. The correlation was measured between the ΔR1 and R1‐Post metrics for repair and native cartilage. T1 times were measured in deep and superficial zones of cartilage. A strong correlation was identified between full‐thickness, deep, and superficial ΔR1 and R1‐Post values for native cartilage and repair cartilage for all years (range: 0.893–1.0). The mean T1 times and ΔR1 rate between deep and superficial regions of articular cartilage were statistically different for all regions of the distal femora analyzed at 1 year and 2 years after osteochondral allograft transplantation (P < 0.05). The dGEMRIC pre‐Gadolinium scan is unnecessary when evaluating transplanted osteochondral allograft cartilage. The observation of stratified T1 and ΔR1 values indicates a need to re‐evaluate the methodology behind the placement of region of interest in dGEMRIC. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fatigue in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Causes, Consequences and Self‐Management
Authors: Farren Wendy , Goodacre Lynne , Stigant Mark 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the perceived causes, consequences and management of fatigue in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).MethodsIn this single‐cohort qualitative study, ten participants completed a seven‐day diary and participated in a semi‐structured interview exploring possible causes, consequences and self‐management of fatigue. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysed using ‘framework’ analysis. Ethical approval was obtained.ResultsThree themes emerged: patterns and causes, consequences and management of fatigue. While patients’ descriptions of fatigue were similar, the patterns and perceived causes of fatigue varied between individuals. Fatigue impacted on social life, relationships and work. Two approaches to fatigue management were observed: help and support from others and self‐management, with four participants having sought medical help for fatigue.ConclusionsThe study suggested that fatigue has a negative impact on quality of life in people with AS. Future practice should include a comprehensive fatigue assessment and the development of treatment programmes directed at enhancing self‐management techniques. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chloride transfer in cement‐based materials. Part 1. Theoretical basis and modelling
Authors: Bourbatache K. , Millet O. , Aït‐Mokhtar A. , Amiri O. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYIn this first part of the work, we develop macroscopic models for migration and diffusion–migration of ionic species in saturated porous media, based on periodic homogenization. The prior application is chloride transport in cementitious materials. The dimensional analysis of Nernst–Planck equation lets appear to dimensionless numbers characterizing the ionic transfer in the porous medium. Using experimental data obtained from electrodiffusion tests on cement‐based materials (Part II), these dimensionless numbers are linked to the perturbation parameter ϵ. For a strong imposed electrical field, the asymptotic expansion of Nernst–Planck equation leads to a macroscopic model where the migration is predominant. For a weak imposed electrical field or in natural diffusion, we obtain a macroscopic model coupling diffusion and migration at the same order. In both models, the expression of the homogenized diffusion tensor is identical and only involves the geometric properties of the material microstructure. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Averaging frameworks for simulation optimization with applications to simulated annealing
Authors: Prudius Andrei A. , Andradóttir Sigrún 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe present two frameworks for designing random search methods for discrete simulation optimization. One of our frameworks is very broad (in that it includes many random search methods), whereas the other one considers a special class of random search methods called point‐based methods, that move iteratively between points within the feasible region. Our frameworks involve averaging, in that all decisions that require estimates of the objective function values at various feasible solutions are based on the averages of all observations collected at these solutions so far. Also, the methods are adaptive in that they can use information gathered in previous iterations to decide how simulation effort is expended in the current iteration. We show that the methods within our frameworks are almost surely globally convergent under mild conditions. Thus, the generality of our frameworks and associated convergence guarantees makes the frameworks useful to algorithm developers wishing to design efficient and rigorous procedures for simulation optimization. We also present two variants of the simulated annealing (SA) algorithm and provide their convergence analysis as example application of our point‐based framework. Finally, we provide numerical results that demonstrate the empirical effectiveness of averaging and adaptivity in the context of SA. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012
Optimal inventory control policy for periodic‐review inventory systems with inventory‐level‐dependent demand
Authors: Chen Youhua (Frank) , Lu Ye , Xu Minghui 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe consider a setting in which inventory plays both promotional and service roles; that is, higher inventories not only improve service levels but also stimulate demand by serving as a promotional tool (e.g., as the result of advertising effect by the enhanced product visibility). Specifically, we study the periodic‐review inventory systems in which the demand in each period is uncertain but increases with the inventory level. We investigate the multiperiod model with normal and expediting orders in each period, that is, any shortage will be met through emergency replenishment. Such a model takes the lost sales model as a special case. For the cases without and with fixed order costs, the optimal inventory replenishment policy is shown to be of the base‐stock type and of the (s,S) type, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2012
Two improvements in formulation of nine‐node element MITC9
Authors: Wisniewski K. , Panasz P. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThe paper concerns a well‐known two‐dimensional nine‐node quadrilateral element MITC9, which is based on two‐level approximations of strains (assumed strain method). The element has good accuracy, but does not pass the patch test.As the first improvement, we propose a modification of the element's transformations, partly resolving the problem with the patch test. The source of the problem is the use of covariant components in a (local) natural co‐basis, different at each sampling point.As the second improvement, we use the corrected shape functions of Celia MA, Gray WG. An improved isoparametric transformation for finite element analysis. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 1984; 20:1447–1459, extending their applicability to the nine‐node element for plane elasticity and the 3 × 3 integration. Originally, they are tested for an eight‐node element for the heat conduction equation and the 4 × 4 integration.The improved element, designated as MITC9i, is based on the Green strain and derived from the potential energy for the plane stress condition. It is subjected to a range of tests, to confirm that it passes the patch test for several types of mesh distortions, to prove its coarse mesh accuracy and the absence of locking as well as to establish its sensitivity to mesh distortions.The improved element MITC9i performs substantially better than the MITC9 element, QUAD9** element, and our previous 9‐AS element.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fetal evaluation of the modified‐myocardial performance index in pregnancies complicated by diabetes
Authors: Figueroa Horacio , Silva Maria Carolna , Kottmann Cristian , Viguera Sebastian , Valenzuela Ignacio , Hernandez‐Andrade Edgar , Gratacos Eduard , Arraztoa Jose Antonio , Illanes Sebastián E. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the fetal cardiac function by modified myocardial performance index (Mod‐MPI) in pregnant diabetic patients.MethodsModified myocardial performance index was measured in fetuses of patients with diabetes (DM) between 30 and 40 weeks of gestation. The isovolumetric contraction time, isovolumetric relaxation time and ejection time were measured. Mod‐MPI was calculated as (isovolumetric contraction time + isovolumetric relaxation time)/ejection time. Results were analyzed by using one‐way analysis of variance (post hoc Bonferroni correction), Chi‐square and Student's test.ResultsModified myocardial performance index values of fetuses from DM mothers were significantly higher than controls (0.43 vs 0.37, P < 0.0001), and it was not different between gestational versus pregestational DM (0.42 vs 0.45, P = 0.18). Mod‐MPI was also higher in the presence of polyhydramnios (0.49 vs 0.41, P < 0.0001), insulin use (0.46 vs 0.40, P < 0.05), and large for gestational age fetuses (0.49 vs 0.40, P < 0.0001). There were no significant differences in Mod‐MPI between newborns with versus without neonatal complications such as hypoglycemia or polycythemia.ConclusionsIn fetuses of DM mothers, evaluation of the Mod‐MPI identifies those with worse maternal disease and large fetal size. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interaction of Argon, Hydrogen and Oxygen Plasma Early Afterglow with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Materials
Authors: Kregar Zlatko , Bišćan Marijan , Milošević Slobodan , Mozetič Miran , Vesel Alenka 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSamples of PVC foils are exposed to an early afterglow of gaseous plasma created by an electrode‐less RF discharge in predominant H‐mode using Ar, H2 and O2 gases. Sample temperature is measured with a pyrometer while the presence of reaction products is determined with an optical spectrometer. The temporal evolution of major radiative species is measured. The results show that the samples are rather immune to the Ar afterglow. H2 afterglow causes substantial heating of the sample due to heterogeneous surface recombination of H‐atoms, while O2 plasma treatment results in etching of the material which is substantial already at room temperature. The specific behaviour of reactive species is explained by taking into account spectrometer calibration curves, excitation energies and radiative species lifetimes. magnified image
Measurement and Analysis of the Burning Rate of HAN‐Based Liquid Propellants
Authors: Pan Yu‐Zhu , Yu Yong‐Gang , Zhou Yan‐Huang , Lu Xin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new device for measuring the linear burning rate of liquid propellants at high pressures is reported. High‐pressure environments were generated by the combustion of solid propellants. The coated propellants, which burn progressively, were introduced to maintain the approximate constant‐pressure environments. By use of ion probe transducers, measurements were made of the spread velocity of the flame surface, i.e. the apparent linear burning rate of the HAN‐based liquid propellant LP1846 (HAN =hydroxylammonium nitrate) was measured quantitatively at pressures from 6 to 28  MPa. The results show that it follows the exponential burning rate law. The burning rate coefficient and exponent were fitted by least‐squares methods. Based on the experiment, a simplified model of the linear burning rate of HAN‐based liquid propellants at high pressures was developed. The numerical simulation is found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.
Light induced degradation in B doped Cz‐Si solar cells
Authors: Carvalho Alexandra , Santos Paulo , Coutinho José , Jones Robert , Rayson Mark J. , Briddon Patrick R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe analyse the formation energy of interstitial boron (Bi) and the properties of the defect resulting from its association with an oxygen dimer (BiO2i) to evaluate the possibility that it may be the slow‐forming centre responsible for the light‐induced degradation of B‐doped Si solar cells. However, we find that the formation energy of Bi is too high, and therefore its concentration is negligible. Moreover, we find that the lowest energy form of BiO2i is a shallow donor, and the deep donor form is high in energy. magnified image
Lowest energy structure of the BiO2i defect.
In situ fabrication of freestanding single‐walled carbon nanotube rope interconnection
Authors: Kim Taewoo , Kang Tae June , Seo Dong Kyun , Jang Eui Yun , Jin Kyoung Cheol , Choi Ajeong , Kim Dae‐Weon , Park Yung Woo , Jeong Dae Hong , Kim Yong Hyup 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA single‐walled carbon nanotube rope interconnect is fabricated by utilizing dielectrophoresis and capillary condensation. The rope connects a pair of prefabricated cantilevers with good alignment and outstanding packing density. The diameter and resistance of the rope are readily controlled by adjusting the dielectrophoresis parameters such as applied voltage and frequency. The properties of the rope, including packing density, electron transport, and maximum current density, are investigated. The maximum current density of the rope is measured to be as high as 1 × 107 A/cm2 in vacuum. magnified image
Electronuclear multiconfiguration time‐dependent hartree calculations on the confined H atom with mobile electron and nucleus
Authors: Skouteris Dimitrios , Laganà Antonio 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA multiconfiguration time‐dependent Hartree method oriented toward calculations of a non‐Born‐Oppenheimer nature has been applied to the calculation of the dynamical properties of a confined H atom. The calculation is fully six‐dimensional and does not take into account constraints arising from linear or angular momentum conservation. The orbital evolution is monitored and the energy level spectrum of the system, as well as the dependence of the results on the decomposition of the Hamiltonian and on the correlation between radial degrees of freedom, is determined. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.