bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dietary behaviors among school-age children, adolescents, and young adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Na Xiaona , Zhang Junhan , Xie Chenyou , Zeng Huatang , Wu Liqun , Fan Dongying , Yang Haibing , Shi Xiaojin , Zhou Yiguo , Yu Haoran , Tan Yuefeng , Zhang Yulin , Zhao Ai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact on food security and nutrition, both in the short and long term. The influence on school-age children, adolescents, and young adults may be particularly significant and long-lasting.

Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to quantify the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dietary habits among school-age children, adolescents, and young adults worldwide.

Data Sources
PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase were searched from inception to October 5, 2023.

Data Extraction
We included observational studies published in English that reported dietary quality scores and dietary intake quantities during and before the COVID-19 pandemic among school-age children, adolescents, and young adults. We included a total of 22 cohort studies and 20 cross-sectional studies of high or moderate quality.

Data Analysis
We conducted a meta-analysis, expressing dietary quality scores and dietary intake quantities as standardized mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). For studies with low heterogeneity, we used a fixed-effects model; otherwise, we applied a random-effects model. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was employed by 2 reviewers independently to evaluate methodological quality. The analysis indicated that, overall, juice intake increased (SMD = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.20), while alcohol consumption reduced during the COVID-19 pandemic (SMD = −0.28, 95% CI: −0.47 to −0.08). However, the age-stratified results varied. Among school-age children, intake of fruit, dairy products, sugar, and juice increased. Adolescents showed an increase in meal frequency and vegetable intake. Young adults showed reduced carbohydrate and alcohol intakes, while protein and dairy product intakes increased, based on limited included studies.

Conclusion
Dietary changes in school-age children from before to during the pandemic were mixed, while dietary behavior changes in adolescents and young adults tended to be more positive. Considering the lasting effects of negative dietary behaviors, attention should be given to addressing the increased sugar and juice intakes. It is also crucial that caregivers and researchers monitor whether positive dietary behaviors will rebound after returning to normal study and life.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42023420923.
Savoir détecter l’exposition des enfants à la violence entre partenaires intimes, qu’elle soit présumée ou divulguée, et savoir intervenir
Authors: Kimber Melissa , McTavish Jill , Shouldice Michelle , Ward Michelle G K , MacMillan Harriet L 
Published: May 2024

Résumé
L’exposition des enfants à la violence entre partenaires intimes (EEVPI), qu’il s’agisse des parents ou d’autres proches, représente près de la moitié de tous les cas qui font l’objet d’une enquête et sont corroborés par les services de protection de l’enfance du Canada. Les atteintes affectives, physiques et comportementales associées à l’EEVPI sont semblables aux effets d’autres formes de maltraitance envers les enfants. Il peut être difficile d’établir quels enfants et adolescents sont exposés à la violence entre partenaires intimes (VPI) en raison des comportements non spécifiques parfois associés à une telle exposition, de même que de la stigmatisation et du secret entourant souvent ce type de violence. Par ailleurs, une intervention en toute sécurité auprès des enfants et des adolescents chez qui on présume une exposition à la VPI peut être compliquée par la nécessité d’également tenir compte de la sécurité et du bien-être d’un proche non contrevenant. Le présent document de principes propose une approche fondée sur des données probantes mise au point par le projet VEGA (Violence, Evidence, Guidance, Action ou violence, données probantes, conseils, action) pour détecter l’exposition des enfants et des adolescents à la VPI et intervenir en toute sécurité auprès d’eux.
Natural variation in LONELY GUY-Like 1 regulates rice grain weight under warmer night conditions
Authors: Sandhu Jaspreet , Irvin Larissa , Chandaran Anil Kumar , Oguro Shohei , Paul Puneet , Dhatt Balpreet , Hussain Waseem , Cunningham Shannon S , Quinones Cherryl O , Lorence Argelia , Adviento-Borbe Maria Arlene , Staswick Paul , Morota Gota , Walia Harkamal 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Global nighttime temperatures are rising at twice the rate of daytime temperatures and pose a challenge for rice (Oryza sativa) production. High nighttime temperature (HNT) stress affects rice yield by reducing grain weight, size, and fertility. Although the genes associated with these yield parameters have been identified and characterized under normal temperatures, the genetic basis of grain weight regulation under HNT stress remains less explored. We examined the natural variation for rice single grain weight (SGW) under HNT stress imposed during grain development. A genome-wide association analysis identified several loci associated with grain weight under HNT stress. A locus, SGW1, specific to HNT conditions resolved to LONELY GUY-Like 1 (LOGL1), which encodes a putative cytokinin-activation enzyme. We demonstrated that LOGL1 contributes to allelic variation at SGW1. Accessions with lower LOGL1 transcript abundance had higher grain weight under HNT. This was supported by the higher grain weight of logl1-mutants relative to the wild type under HNT. Compared to logl1-mutants, LOGL1 over-expressers showed increased sensitivity to HNT. We showed that LOGL1 regulates the thiamin biosynthesis pathway, which is under circadian regulation, which in turn is likely perturbed by HNT stress. These findings provide a genetic source to enhance rice adaptation to warming night temperatures and improve our mechanistic understanding of HNT stress tolerance pathways.
Global Firms in Large Devaluations
Authors: Blaum Joaquin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
I investigate the consequences of firms’ joint import and export decisions in the context of large devaluations. I provide empirical evidence that large devaluations are characterized by an increase in the aggregate share of imported inputs in total input spending and by reallocation of resources toward import-intensive firms, contrary to what standard quantitative trade models predict. These facts are explained by the expansion of exporters, which are intense importers. I develop a model where firms globally decide their import and export strategies and discipline it to match salient features of the Mexican micro data. After a devaluation, the model reproduces the pattern of low aggregate substitution and firm reallocation observed in the data. Compared with a benchmark without global firms, the model predicts higher growth of total exports and imports and a smaller reduction in the trade deficit.
Countermovements from the core: the assetization of pharmaceuticals, transparency activism and the access to medicines movement
Authors: Bourgeron Théo , Geiger Susi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The assetization of essential goods brings to high-income countries the logics of scarcity that have been dominant for long in low-to-middle income countries—fostering the rise of new forms of activism. Will this new activism strengthen already existing social movements or weaken them through more moderate politics? Building on interviews and the observation and mapping of activist events, we investigate this question through the case of pharmaceuticals. We detail how the assetization of pharmaceutical drugs has triggered the constitution of a new ‘flank’ in the access to medicines (A2M) movement—pharmaceutical transparency activism. We argue that transparency activism has expanded the contestation of the pharmaceutical state of affairs, by bringing into the broader A2M movement countries that were previously at the core of global pharmaceutical chains. Our article illuminates how the assetization of essential goods creates forms of activism that have significant impact on existing social movements.
Land Policies and Institutions for Equitable and Resilient Growth in Africa
Authors: Deininger Klaus , Goyal Aparajita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In coming decades, Africa's urban populations will expand, and the effects of climate change be more keenly felt. Land policies and institutions will be key for urban dwellers to be able access productive jobs, breathe clean air, and live in decent housing; for entrepreneurs, especially women, to leverage land for productive investment; and for farmers to diversify, insure against shocks, and accumulate capital. Yet, many African land registries perform poorly, command little trust, and have failed to capitalize on opportunities to improve quality, relevance, and outreach via digital interoperability, use of earth observation, and connectivity. Literature highlights scope for regulatory and institutional reforms to (a) expand property taxation and land value capture and to improve urban service delivery, planning, and land use regulations; (b) increase quality and affordability of land services and access to land price and ownership data; (c) guide issuance of rural land use rights to reduce barriers to rural factor markets, including by spatially enabling farmer registries to improve subsidy targeting and effectiveness; and (d) demarcation and transparent decentralized management of public land to attract investment, including in climate finance, without fueling corruption, and to manage disputes before they escalate into ethnic violence.
Nursing Students’ Resilience and Intent to Work at the Bedside
Authors: Gerdes Michele A. , Schuessler Jenny B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

AIM
The primary purpose of this study was to explore relationships between self-efficacy, peer support, coping style, intent to work at the bedside, and resilience in nursing students.

BACKGROUND
Resilience correlates with one-year retention at the bedside. Retention of bedside nurses improves patient outcomes.

METHOD
A quantitative, correlational design determined relationships between variables. Surveys were completed by 205 participants. Surveys included a program type list, intent to work at the bedside items, the Brief Cope Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Peer Group Caring Interaction Scale.

RESULTS
Significant relationships were found between resilience and self-efficacy, resilience and coping style, and peer support and approach coping style. Half of the respondents intended to work at the bedside for two years after graduation. Self-efficacy and avoidance coping were resilience predictors.

CONCLUSION
To support resilience, educators should facilitate students’ development of self-efficacy and approach coping style.
The Effects of Nursing Students’ Locus of Control, Motivation, and Learning Strategies on Their Academic Performance
Authors: Abdrbo Amany Ahmed , Miligi Eman , Taha Nadia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The academic performance of nursing students significantly impacts their ability to deliver quality patient care. This descriptive correlational study investigated the effects of nursing students’ locus of control, motivation, and learning strategies on their academic performance in a sample of 515 students. External locus of control was associated with higher scores in extrinsic goal orientation, task value, elaboration, and academic performance. Locus of control, test anxiety, and organization were identified as predictors of academic performance. The study highlights the need for further research on factors affecting academic performance and effective educational interventions.
A Correlational Study Measuring Burnout and Resilience Among Nurse Educators
Authors: Ochs Jessica , Mitsakis Cynthia , Ochberg Richard 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Burnout, one possible cause of the nurse faculty shortage, may be mitigated by resilience. This study found that faculty who scored unusually low in resilience were likely to feel emotionally exhausted and depersonalized; however, even those with average scores in resilience were likely to feel emotionally exhausted, if not depersonalized. These findings suggest that interventions that increase resilience may reduce the frequency of the most severe burnout profiles among nurse educators. Only a change in the structure of the job will reduce the more prevalent problem of emotional exhaustion.
Reasons for Revision Surgery After Cervical Disk Arthroplasty Based on Medical Device Reports Maintained by the US Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Altorfer Franziska C.S. , Kelly Michael J. , Avrumova Fedan , Zhu Jiaqi , Abjornson Celeste , Lebl Darren R. 
Published: May 2024

Study design.
Retrospective database review.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to analyze revisions of CDAs reported to the MAUDE database.

Summary of Background Data.
Cervical disk arthroplasty (CDA) has emerged as a motion-preserving alternative to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for degenerative cervical disease, demonstrating comparable outcomes. Despite the availability of variable CDA designs, there is limited data on the specific complications of individual CDAs. The Drug Administration’s Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database has been used to systematically report complications associated with CDAs. However, data on specific reasons for CDA revision remains scarce. The purpose of this study is to compare common complications associated with revision for different CDAs.

Methods.
The MAUDE database was queried from January 2005 to September 2023, including all nine FDA-approved CDAs. The full-text reports of each complication were categorized based on whether revision surgery was performed, the complications and the type of CDA collected and compared.

Results.
A total of 678 revisions for nine CDAs were reported: Mobi-C (239), M6 (167), Prodisc-C (88), Prestige (60), PCM (44), Bryan (35), Secure (23), Simplify (21), and Discover (1). The top three complications associated with revision were migration (23.5%), neck pain (15.5%), and heterotopic ossification (6.6%). The most common complications per device were migration for Mobi-C (26.4%), Prodisc-C (21.3%), Prestige (24.6%), PCM (84.1%), Bryan (48.6%), Secure (30.4%), and Discover (100%). For M6, the most common complications associated with revision surgery were osteolysis (18.6%) and neck pain (18.6%), while neck pain (23.8%) was the most common for the Simplify.

Conclusions.
The MAUDE database highlights complications related to CDA revision in which the primary complications consistently include implant migration, neck pain, and heterotopic ossification, varying in their rerelvance depending on the CDA.

Level of Evidence.
Level II.
Motion Capture-based 3-Dimensional Measurement of Range of Motion in Patients Undergoing Cervical Laminoplasty
Authors: Kato So , Fujiwara Sayaka , Ohtomo Nozomu , Yamato Yukimasa , Sasaki Katsuyuki , Yu Jim , Doi Toru , Taniguchi Yuki , Matsubayashi Yoshitaka , Ushikubo Tomohiro , Ogata Toru , Tanaka Sakae , Oshima Yasushi 
Published: May 2024

Study design:
A prospective study.

Objective:
To measure 3-dimensional cervical range of motion (ROM) by noninvasive optical tracking-based motion-capture technology in patients undergoing laminoplasty, and to elucidate the postoperative effects of laminoplasty on cervical mobility.

Summary of Background Data:
Cervical laminoplasty is a motion-sparing decompression surgery for degenerative cervical myelopathy. Unlike cervical laminectomy and fusion, the true postoperative impact of laminoplasty on neck motion has not been well studied.

Methods:
Participants comprised 25 patients undergoing double-door cervical laminoplasty for degenerative cervical myelopathy in a single center. Maximum flexion/extension, left/right rotation, and left/right side bending were recorded using the motion-capture device preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. ROMs in 3 orthogonal axes were calculated. Preoperative differences in C2–7 Cobb angles on lateral flexion/extension x-rays were also measured as the radiologic ROM to assess reliability. Preoperative and 1-year postoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association score, Neck Disability Index [NDI], and Euro-QOL were recorded, and correlations with ROMs were assessed.

Results:
Preoperative mean (±SD) ROMs for flexion/extension, rotation, and side bending were 90±17, 107±16, and 53±17 degrees, respectively. Although radiologic sagittal ROM measurement showed a smaller range than motion capture, averaging 36±13 degrees, a moderate to strong correlation between radiologic and motion capture values was observed (R=0.57, P=0.003). Preoperative NDI showed a negative correlation with coronal ROM (rho=−0.547, P=0.02). Postoperative ROM showed a significant reduction in rotation (95±16 degrees, P=0.002) but not in flexion/extension or side bending.

Conclusions:
Three-dimensional motion-capture analysis allowed reliable measurement of cervical ROM. Rotational ROM was significantly reduced after laminoplasty, showing that cervical kinematics are still significantly altered.
Stopping at C2 Versus C3/4 in Elective Posterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion
Authors: Long Connor C. , Dugan John E. , Chanbour Hani , Chen Jeffrey W. , Younus Iyan , Jonzzon Soren , Khan Inamullah , Terry Douglas P. , Pennings Jacqueline S. , Lugo-Pico Julian , Gardocki Raymond J. , Abtahi Amir M. , Stephens Byron F. , Zuckerman Scott L. 
Published: May 2024

Study Design:
This is a retrospective cohort study.

Objective:
In patients undergoing elective posterior cervical laminectomy and fusion (PCLF) with a minimum of 5-year follow-up, we sought to compare reoperation rates between patients with an upper instrumented vertebra (UIV) of C2 versus C3/4.

Summary of Background Data:
The long-term outcomes of choosing between C2 versus C3/4 as the UIV in PCLF remain unclear.

Methods:
A single-institution, retrospective cohort study from a prospective registry was conducted of patients undergoing elective, degenerative PCLF from December 2010 to June 2018. The primary exposure was UIV of C2 versus C3/4. The primary outcome was reoperation. Multivariable logistic regression controlled for age, smoking, diabetes, and fusion to the thoracic spine.

Results:
Of the 68 patients who underwent PCLF with 5-year follow-up, 27(39.7%) had a UIV of C2, and 41(60.3%) had a UIV of either C3/4. Groups had similar duration of symptoms (P=0.743), comorbidities (P>0.999), and rates of instrumentation to the thoracic spine (70.4% vs. 53.7%, P=0.210). The C2 group had significantly longer operative time (231.8±65.9 vs. 181.6±44.1 mins, P<0.001) and more fused segments (5.9±1.8 vs. 4.2±0.9, P<0.001). Reoperation rate was lower in the C2 group compared with C3/4 (7.4% vs. 19.5%), though this did not reach statistical significance (P=0.294). Multivariable logistic regression showed increased odds of reoperation for the C3/4 group compared with the C2 group (OR=3.29, 95%CI=0.59-18.11, P=0.170), though statistical significance was not reached. Similarly, the C2 group had a lower rate of instrumentation failure (7.4% vs. 12.2%, P=0.694) and adjacent segment disease/disk herniation (0% vs. 7.3%, P=0.271), though neither trend attained statistical significance.

Conclusions:
Patients with a UIV of C2 had less than half the number of reoperations and less adjacent segment disease, though neither trend was statistically significant. Despite a lack of statistical significance, whether a clinically meaningful difference exists between UIV of C2 versus C3/4 should be validated in larger samples with long-term follow-up.

Level of Evidence:
Level—3
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the process of CA19-9 production and dynamics of the immune microenvironment between CA19-9 (+) and CA19-9 (−) PDAC
Authors: Zhang Deyu , Cui Fang , Zheng Kailian , Li Wanshun , Liu Yue , Wu Chang , Peng Lisi , Yang Zhenghui , Chen Qianqian , Xia Chuanchao , Li Shiyu , Jin Zhendong , Xu Xiaojiang , Jin Gang , Li Zhaoshen , Huang Haojie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the main types of malignant tumor of the digestive system, and patient prognosis is affected by difficulties in early diagnosis, poor treatment response, and a high postoperative recurrence rate. Carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) has been widely used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and postoperative follow-up of PDAC patients. Nevertheless, the production mechanism and potential role of CA19-9 in PDAC progression have not yet been elucidated.

Methods:
We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on six samples pathologically diagnosed as PDAC (three CA19-9-positive and three CA19-9-negative PDAC samples) and two paracarcinoma samples. We also downloaded and integrated PDAC samples (each from three CA19-9-positive and CA19-9-negative patients) from an online database. The dynamics of the proportion and potential function of each cell type were verified through immunofluorescence. Moreover, we built an in vitro coculture cellular model to confirm the potential function of CA19-9.

Results:
Three subtypes of cancer cells with a high ability to produce CA19-9 were identified by the markers TOP2A, AQP5, and MUC5AC. CA19-9 production bypass was discovered on antigen-presenting cancer-associated fibroblasts (apCAFs). Importantly, the proportion of immature ficolin-1 positive (FCN1+) macrophages was high in the CA19-9-negative group, and the proportion of mature M2-like macrophages was high in the CA19-9-positive group. High proportions of these two macrophage subtypes were associated with an unfavourable clinical prognosis. Further experiments indicated that CA19-9 could facilitate the transformation of M0 macrophages into M2 macrophages in the tumor microenvironment.

Conclusions:
Our study described CA19-9 production at single-cell resolution and the dynamics of the immune atlas in CA19-9-positive and CA19-9-negative PDAC. CA19-9 could promote M2 polarization of macrophage in the pancreatic tumor microenvironment.