bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Δ9‐Tetrahydrocannabivarin suppresses in vitro epileptiform and in vivo seizure activity in adult rats
Authors: Hill Andrew J. , Weston Samantha E. , Jones Nicholas A. , Smith Imogen , Bevan Sarah A. , Williamson Elizabeth M. , Stephens Gary J. , Williams Claire M. , Whalley Benjamin J. 
Published: February 2010

SummaryPurpose: We assessed the anticonvulsant potential of the phytocannabinoid Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabivarin (Δ9‐THCV) by investigating its effects in an in vitro piriform cortex (PC) brain slice model of epileptiform activity, on cannabinoid CB1 receptor radioligand‐binding assays and in a generalized seizure model in rats.Methods: Δ9‐THCV was applied before (10 μmΔ9‐THCV) or during (10–50 μmΔ9‐THCV) epileptiform activity induced by Mg2+‐free extracellular media in adult rat PC slices and measured using multielectrode array (MEA) extracellular electrophysiologic techniques. The actions of Δ9‐THCV on CB1 receptors were examined using [3H]SR141716A competition binding and [35S]GTPγS assays in rat cortical membranes. Effects of Δ9‐THCV (0.025–2.5 mg/kg) on pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)–induced seizures in adult rats were also assessed.Results: After induction of stable spontaneous epileptiform activity, acute Δ9‐THCV application (≥20 μm) significantly reduced burst complex incidence and the amplitude and frequency of paroxysmal depolarizing shifts (PDSs). Furthermore, slices pretreated with 10 μmΔ9‐THCV prior to induction of epileptiform activity exhibited significantly reduced burst complex incidence and PDS peak amplitude. In radioligand‐binding experiments, Δ9‐THCV acted as a CB1 receptor ligand, displacing 0.5 nm[3H]SR141716A with a Ki∼290 nm, but exerted no agonist stimulation of [35S]GTPγS binding. In PTZ‐induced seizures in vivo, 0.25 mg/kg Δ9‐THCV significantly reduced seizure incidence.Discussion: These data demonstrate that Δ9‐THCV exerts antiepileptiform and anticonvulsant properties, actions that are consistent with a CB1 receptor–mediated mechanism and suggest possible therapeutic application in the treatment of pathophysiologic hyperexcitability states.
Immune‐mediated pancytopenia induced by oxaliplatin: a case report
Authors: Fontão‐Wendel Rita , Hoff Paulo M. , Lazar Arlette , Freitas Daniela , Novis Yana , Patah Poliana , Tsujita Maristela , Balthazar Adriana , Pierroti Márcia , Wendel Silvano 
Published: February 2010

BACKGROUND: Drug‐induced immune pancytopenia is considered an uncommon disorder.CASE REPORT: A 76‐year‐old woman with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma received 15 cycles of FOLFOX‐6 (oxaliplatin/folinic acid/fluorouracil) with a complete response. Upon disease progression, she was restarted on FOLFOX; during the seventh cycle of treatment, 1 hour after completing her oxaliplatin infusion, she presented oral bleeding, petechiae and generalized hematomas. Her platelet (PLT) count decreased from 164 × 109/L to less than 5 × 109/L within a 3‐hour period and her white blood cells (WBCs) decreased from 5 × 109 to 1.5 × 109/L. One day later she presented a decrease in hemoglobin level (from 11.4 to 10 g/dL, reaching 8.9 g/dL after 5 days). The patient's PLT and lymphocyte count started to recover after 3 days of immunosuppressive treatment.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PLT, red blood cell (RBC), and WBC antibody detection tests were performed in the presence and absence of oxaliplatin. PLT‐associated antibodies were evaluated by monoclonal antibody immobilization of PLT antigen assay and flow cytometry; WBC antibodies were tested by flow cytometry; and RBC antibodies were evaluated by gel and indirect antiglobulin test tube testing drug‐treated RBCs and untreated RBCs in the presence of drug.RESULTS: Positive reactions were obtained only in the presence of the drug (1 mg/mL) for all tests performed (PLTs, RBCs, and WBCs).CONCLUSIONS: Our case convincingly demonstrates that oxaliplatin led to the production of drug‐dependent PLT, RBC, and WBC antibodies inducing pancytopenia in the patient. The oxaliplatin was discontinued and patient's hematologic values recovered to normal levels.
Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome
Authors: Agnese M , Cipolletta L , Bianco MA , Quitadamo P , Miele E , Staiano A 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBlue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome (BRBNS) is a rare condition characterized by multiple venous malformations involving the skin and internal organs. The gastrointestinal tract is always involved and intestinal haemorrhage is the most frequent clinical manifestation associated with iron deficiency anaemia. We describe a 10‐year‐old girl who, since birth, presented numerous venous malformations all over her body and a lymphangioma in the right leg. At the age of 5 years, she also had a severe episode of gastric bleeding requiring a blood transfusion. From this episode, she is suffering from chronic anaemia and this is the reason for admission into our hospital. The endoscopic examination of the gastrointestinal tract revealed multiple giant venous malformations in the oesophagus, stomach, duodenum and in all visible sections of the colon. Endoscopy is the gold standard technique for the diagnosis of BRBNS with GI lesions and also allows immediate therapeutic measures such as argon plasma coagulation, laser photocoagulation, sclerotherapy or band ligation. In addition, pharmacological treatments based on corticosteroids, interferon alfa, vincristine or octreotide have been described for BRBNS.Conclusion:  Blue Rubber Bleb Nevus Syndrome is a congenital cutaneous and gastrointestinal haemangiomatosis. Its morbidity and mortality depends on involvement of visceral organs and particularly on GI bleeding. The treatment is based on pharmacological or surgical therapy. Overall, the most important step is the follow‐up to the presence and the evolution of GI lesions and the possible bleeding.
Predicting neurodevelopmental impairment in preterm infants by standardized neurological assessments at 6 and 12 months corrected age
Authors: Grimmer I , Metze BC , Walch E , Scholz T , Bührer C 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  Neurodevelopmental impairment in very preterm infants can be reasonably diagnosed by 18–24 months corrected age, whereas the predictive value of earlier assessments is debated. We hypothesized that neurological findings at 6 and 12 months indicative of subsequent cerebral palsy predict 18–24 months’ neurodevelopmental impairment.Methods:  Neurodevelopmental examinations (Griffiths scales) at 20 months of age in 561 preterm infants (birth weight <1 500 g) were compared with results of standardized neurological examinations (Early Motor Pattern Profile; EMPP) and Griffiths scales at 6 (n = 451) and 12 months (n = 496) corrected age.Results:  Griffiths developmental quotients at 20 months were weakly but significantly related to EMPP scores at 6 (Rs = 0.328) and 12 months (Rs = 0.493). Areas under receiver operator characteristic curves for the EMPP to predict neurodevelopmental impairment (Griffiths scores ≤75) at 20 months were 0.772 (0.890) at 6 (12) months, compared to 0.915 (0.962) for Griffiths scores. By contrast, EMPP and Griffiths scores had equal power to predict unability to walk unaided at 2 years of age (EMPP 6/12 months: 0.946/0.983; Griffiths 6/12 months: 0.935/0.985).Conclusion:  Neurological examinations with the EMPP at 6 and 12 months corrected age are of limited value to predict neurodevelopmental impairment at 20 months.
Parents’ views of their child’s health and family function in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Lindfred H , Saalman R , Nilsson S , Lepp M 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to explore parents’ views and agreement of their child’s current and future health, as well as the family’s functioning in daily life with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Methods:  In this study, 119 parents (65 mothers and 54 fathers) of 66 adolescents (11–16 years) with IBD completed a questionnaire regarding their views of their child’s IBD and health‐related behaviour.Results:  The majority of the parents held a positive view of their child’s current health status. However, the parents voiced a range of worries about their children’s future health and life situation such as fear about the side effects of medication, concerns for future schooling, social life and employment options. Within the families, the parental pairs had more similar views about their child’s current health status than about their future health. Factors that affected the parents’ views consisted of cohabitation status, i.e. parents not living together, and severe disease course, both correlated with a more negative view of the child’s current health and family functioning.Conclusion:  The majority of the parents in this study had a largely positive view of their child’s current health status, but they expressed concerns about their child’s future health. Knowledge about parents’ thoughts may be of importance for healthcare teams supporting families with IBD.
Development of adaptive motor behaviour in typically developing infants
Authors: Heineman KR , Middelburg KJ , Hadders‐Algra M 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  During motor development, infants learn to select adaptive motor strategies out of their motor repertoire. The aim of this study is twofold: first, to investigate whether the presence of adaptive motor behaviour can be observed reliably, and second, to explore the ages at which clinically observable transition to adaptive motility emerges for four specific motor functions: abdominal progression, sitting motility, reaching and grasping.Methods:  The reliability part of the study included 38 assessments of term and preterm infants in the age range of 4–18 months. The longitudinal prospective study included 30 term born typically developing infants with nine assessments between 3 and 18 months. On the basis of standardized video‐recordings of spontaneous motor behaviour, the presence of adaptive motor strategies was scored.Results:  Intra‐ and interobserver reliability were good. Clinically observable transitions to adaptive selection started to emerge from 6 months onwards and peaked between 8 and 15 months. Transitions developed gradually and occurred at specific ages for different motor functions.Conclusion:  Transition to adaptive motor behaviour can be observed reliably. Adaptive motor behaviour develops gradually from 6 months onwards at function‐specific ages. Comparison of our results to literature showed that changes measured by neurophysiologic methods precede clinically observed transitions.
The prognostic value of early aEEG in asphyxiated infants undergoing systemic hypothermia treatment
Authors: Hallberg B , Grossmann K , Bartocci M , Blennow M 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground:  Induced moderate hypothermia (HT) for 72 h has been shown to reduce the combined outcome of death or severe neurodevelopmental disabilities in asphyxiated full‐term infants. A pathological amplitude integrated EEG background as early as 3–6 h after birth, has been shown to correlate to poor prognosis.Aim:  The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between amplitude integrated EEG during HT treatment and short‐term outcome in asphyxiated full‐term infants with moderate/severe hypoxic‐ischaemic encephalopathy.Methods:  Between December 2006 and December 2007, 24 infants were treated with moderate HT (33.5°C for 72 h) using a cooling mattress. Motor functions were assessed at 4 and 12 months of age.Results:  Of the total birth cohort of 28,837 infants, 26 infants fulfilled the criteria for HT treatment (0.9/1000) of whom 23 was treated with HT and all of these infants had available amplitude integrated EEG data. Normal 1‐year outcome was found in 10/15 infants with severely abnormal burst‐suppression pattern or worse at 6 h of age. Severe abnormalities were found to be significantly predictive for abnormal outcome after 36 h.Conclusion:  Among asphyxiated infants treated with HT, only those who had aEEG abnormalities persisting at and beyond 24 h after birth showed poor neurological outcome at 1 year.
Body composition in full‐term healthy infants measured with air displacement plethysmography at 1 and 12 weeks of age
Authors: Eriksson Britt , Löf Marie , Forsum Elisabet 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  To use Pea Pod, a device based on air displacement plethysmography, to study body composition of healthy, full‐term infants born to well‐nourished women with a western life‐style.Methods:  Body composition was assessed in 53 girls and 55 boys at 1 week (before 10 days of age) and at 12 weeks (between 77 and 91 days of age).Results:  At 1 week girls contained 13.4 ± 3.7% body fat and boys 12.5 ± 4.0%. At 12 weeks, these figures were 26.3 ± 4.2% (girls) and 26.4 ± 5.1% (boys). Body fat (%) did not differ significantly between the genders. Body fat (%) at the two measurements was not correlated. At 1 week, the weight (r = 0.20, p = 0.044) and BMI (r = 0.26, p = 0.007) of the infants, but not their body fat (g, %) or fat free mass (g), correlated with BMI before pregnancy in their mothers.Conclusions:  Pea Pod has potential for use in studies investigating the effect of external (i.e. nutritional status) and internal (i.e. age, gender, gestational age at birth) factors on infant body composition. This may be of value when studying relationships between the nutritional situation during early life and adult health.
Optimal birth weight percentile cut‐offs in defining small‐ or large‐for‐gestational‐age
Authors: Xu H , Simonet F , Luo Z‐C 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAims:  It remains questionable what birth weight for gestational age percentile cut‐offs should be used in defining clinically important poor or excessive foetal growth. We aimed to evaluate the optimal birth weight percentile cut‐offs for defining small‐ or large‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA or LGA).Methods:  In a birth cohort‐based analysis of 17 979 120 non‐malformation singleton live births, U.S. 1995–2001, we assessed the optimal birth weight percentile cut‐offs for defining SGA and LGA. The 25th–75th percentile group served as the reference. Primary outcomes are the risk ratios (RR) of neonatal death and low 5‐min Apgar score (<4) comparing SGA or LGA versus the reference group. More than 2‐fold risk elevations were considered clinically significant.Results:  The 15th birth weight cut‐off already identified SGA infants at more than 2‐fold risk of neonatal death at pre‐term, term or post‐term, except for extremely pre‐term births <28 weeks (continuous risk reductions over increasing birth weight percentiles). LGA was associated with a reduced risk of low 5‐min Apgar score at pre‐term, but an elevated risk at term and post‐term. The 97th cut‐off identified LGA infants at 2‐fold risk of low 5‐min Apgar at term.Conclusion:  The commonly used 10th and 90th birth weight percentile cut‐offs for defining SGA and LGA respectively seem largely arbitrary. The 15th and 97th percentiles may be the optimal cut‐offs to define SGA and LGA respectively.
Association of the interleukin‐23 receptor gene variant rs11209026 with Crohn’s disease in German children
Authors: Lacher M , Schroepf S , Helmbrecht J , Von Schweinitz D , Ballauff A , Koch I , Lohse P , Osterrieder S , Kappler R , Koletzko S 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAim:  Genome‐wide association studies have described variants within the interleukin‐23 receptor (IL23R) locus to be associated with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated the association of rs11209026 (p.Arg381Gln) and rs7517847 (c.799‐3588T>G) into German paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients and analysed IL23R transcriptional activity in colonic tissues.Methods:  The rs11209026 and rs7517847 nucleotide substitutions were determined in 353 German children with IBD (221 CD, 132 UC) and 253 controls using pre‐designed TaqMan® SNP genotyping assays. In selected IBD patients and controls, IL23R mRNA expression was measured using real‐time PCR.Results:  The prevalence of the rs11209026 A allele was lower in CD patients, but not in UC patients, when compared with controls (1.8% vs 7.1%, p < 0.01). The rs7517847 variant, in contrast, was associated neither with CD nor with UC. IL23R expression was variable in IBD patients compared with controls without significant overexpression or downregulation.Conclusion:  Our study provides additional support for the strong protection of the rs11209026 (p.Arg381Gln) variant against paediatric CD. IL23R was expressed in both CD and UC with a great variability. However, expression levels showed no significant association with the disease.
Does Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Carry a Higher Risk of Sexual Dysfunctions?
Authors: Arbanas Goran 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Previous studies have shown that patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have a higher incidence of sexual dysfunction. However, such studies have not examined the influence of traumatic experience on sexual dysfunction.

Aim
This study was conducted to compare various components of sexual functioning among five groups of males: (i) untreated patients with PTSD; (ii) patients with PTSD treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs); (iii) untreated patients with subthreshold PTSD symptoms; (iv) patients with subthreshold PTSD symptoms treated with SSRIs; and (v) subjects who had suffered a traumatic experience but presented no mental disorder.

Methods
All participants were evaluated using the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the Structured Clinical Interview, and the International Index of Erectile Function.

Main Outcome Measures
Results on individual subscales of the International Index of Erectile Function in men with PTSD symptoms and subthreshold PTSD symptoms, treated and untreated.

Results
Patients with PTSD did not differ from patients with subthreshold PTSD symptoms in any of the domains of sexual functioning. Differences were found between this group and subjects with no mental disorder only in the domain of sexual desire. Patients with subthreshold PTSD symptoms treated with SSRIs showed better results in all domains of sexual functioning in comparison with those treated with PTSD.

Conclusions
The results show that patients who suffered a traumatic experience have the same level of sexual functioning (or the same incidence of sexual dysfunction) regardless of the severity of PTSD. Treatment with SSRIs helps reduce sexual problems in patients with subthreshold PTSD symptoms.
Use of Tissue Engineering in Treatment of the Male Genitourinary Tract Abnormalities
Authors: Fu Qiang , Cao Yi-lin 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
A variety of congenital and acquired male genitourinary tract abnormalities can lead to organ damage or tissue loss that requires surgical reconstruction. Traditional reconstructive methods do not produce consistent satisfactory structural or functional replacement and may damage the genitourinary tract. Tissue engineering provides a promising alternative for the treatment of these disorders.

Aim
The aim of this article is to provide an update on clinical and experimental evidence concerning the application of tissue engineering to treatment of abnormalities in the male genitourinary tract system.

Methods
A PubMed search was performed to retrieve relevant clinical and basic literature.

Main Outcome Measures
The topics discussed in this review include the experimental and clinical application of tissue engineering for reconstruction of the urethra, penis, testis, and prostate.

Results
Tissue engineering techniques can provide a plentiful source of healthy tissue for reconstructive purposes. Acellular matrix scaffold and seed cells are two key elements in tissue engineering. Proper employment of seed cells and scaffold material may result in synergistic effects. Moreover, new tissue engineering technologies are being transferred from the laboratory to clinical practice.

Conclusions
Tissue engineering provides biological substitutes that can restore and maintain normal function in diseased and injured tissues, thus providing an effective technique for regeneration of the male genitourinary tract.
SEXUAL MEDICINE: Sexual Selection and Genital Evolution: An Overview
Authors: Shamloul Rany , El-Sakka Ahmed , Bella Anthony J. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Genital morphology (especially male) among the animal kingdom is characterized by extensive differences that even members of closely related species with similar general morphology may have remarkably diverse genitalia.

Aim
To present the sexual medicine specialist with a basic understanding of the current hypotheses on genital evolution with an emphasis on the sexual selection theories.

Methods
A review of current literature on the theories of genital evolution.

Main Outcome Measures
Analysis of the supporting evidence for the sexual selection theories of genital evolution.

Results
Several theories have been proposed to explain genital evolution. Currently, the sexual selection theories are being considered to present valid and solid evidence explaining genital evolution. However, other theories, including sexual conflict, are still being investigated. All theories of genital evolution have their own weaknesses and strengths.

Conclusions
Given that many complex biological mechanisms, mostly unknown yet, are involved in the process of genital evolution, it is thus reasonable to conclude that not one theory can independently explain genital evolution. It is likely that these mechanisms may prove to have synergistic rather than exclusive effects.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION: Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Erectile Dysfunction in Men with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Giugliano Francesco , Maiorino Maria Ida , Bellastella Giuseppe , Autorino Riccardo , De Sio Marco , Giugliano Dario , Esposito Katherine 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There are no reported studies assessing the relation between diet and erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with diabetes.

Aim
In the present study, we explored the relation between consumption of a Mediterranean-type diet and ED in a population of type 2 diabetic men.

Methods
Patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled if they had a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes for at least six months but less than 10 years, age 35–70 years, body mass index (BMI) of 24 or higher, HbA1c of 6.5% or higher, treatment with diet or oral drugs. All diabetic patients were invited to complete a food-frequency questionnaire and self-report measures of sexual function. A total of 555 (90.8%) of the 611 diabetic men completed both questionnaires and were analyzed in the present study.

Main Outcome Measures
Adherence to a Mediterranean diet was assessed by a 9-point scale that incorporated the salient characteristics of this diet (range of scores, 0–9, with higher scores indicating greater adherence). ED was assessed with the International Index of Erectile Function-5.

Results
Diabetic men with the highest scores (6–9) had lower BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio, a lower prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, a higher level of physical activity, and better glucose and lipid profiles than the diabetic men who scored &lt;3 points on the scale. The proportion of sexually active men showed a significant increase across tertiles of adherence to Mediterranean diet (from 65.1% to 74.4%, P = 0.01). Moreover, men with the highest score of adherence were more likely to have a lower prevalence of global ED (51.9% vs. 62%, P = 0.01) and severe ED (16.5% vs. 26.4%, P = 0.01) as compared with low adherers.

Conclusions
In men with type 2 diabetes, greater adherence to Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower prevalence of ED.