bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photocontrol of Protein Activity in Cultured Cells and Zebrafish with One‐ and Two‐Photon Illumination
Authors: Sinha Deepak Kumar , Neveu Pierre , Gagey Nathalie , Aujard Isabelle , Benbrahim‐Bouzidi Chouaha , Le Saux Thomas , Rampon Christine , Gauron Carole , Goetz Bernard , Dubruille Sylvie , Baaden Marc , Volovitch Michel , Bensimon David , Vriz Sophie , Jullien Ludovic 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe have implemented a noninvasive optical method for the fast control of protein activity in a live zebrafish embryo. It relies on releasing a protein fused to a modified estrogen receptor ligand binding domain from its complex with cytoplasmic chaperones, upon the local photoactivation of a nonendogenous caged inducer. Molecular dynamics simulations were used to design cyclofen‐OH, a photochemically stable inducer of the receptor specific for 4‐hydroxy‐tamoxifen (ERT2). Cyclofen‐OH was easily synthesized in two steps with good yields. At submicromolar concentrations, it activates proteins fused to the ERT2 receptor. This was shown in cultured cells and in zebrafish embryos through emission properties and subcellular localization of properly engineered fluorescent proteins. Cyclofen‐OH was successfully caged with various photolabile protecting groups. One particular caged compound was efficient in photoinducing the nuclear translocation of fluorescent proteins either globally (with 365 nm UV illumination) or locally (with a focused UV laser or with two‐photon illumination at 750 nm). The present method for photocontrol of protein activity could be used more generally to investigate important physiological processes (e.g., in embryogenesis, organ regeneration and carcinogenesis) with high spatiotemporal resolution.
Guidance on Safety/Health for Process Intensification Including MS Design. Part III: Risk Analysis
Authors: Klais O. , Westphal F. , Benaissa W. , Carson D. , Albrecht J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe new technology of process intensification by multiscale equipment can significantly contribute to achieve a safer design by going from batch/semi‐batch to continuous operation combined with a reduction of inventory of hazardous substances in critical stages. On the other hand, the shift to higher space‐time‐yields comprises new risks such as runaway reactions with hot spot formation, described in Part I, and handling an explosive atmosphere in the presence of potential permanent ignition sources, described in Part II. A tool was developed for preliminary risk assessments, called HAZOP‐LIKE study, to cover the characteristic features of micro‐designed equipment that are relatively unimportant when handling conventional equipment. Two generic cases concerning liquid/liquid and gas/gas reactions were studied to demonstrate the method.
Preferential Activation of Primary CH Bonds in the Reactions of Small Alkanes with the Diatomic MgO+. Cation
Authors: Schröder Detlef , Roithová Jana , Alikhani Esmail , Kwapien Karolina , Sauer Joachim 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe CH bond activation of small alkanes by the gaseous MgO+. cation is probed by mass spectrometric means. In addition to H‐atom abstraction from methane, the MgO+. cation reacts with ethane, propane, n‐ and iso‐butane through several pathways, which can all be assigned to the occurrence of initial CH bond activations. Specifically, the formal CC bond cleavages observed are assigned to CH bond activation as the first step, followed by cleavage of a β‐CC bond concomitant with release of the corresponding alkyl radical. Kinetic modeling of the observed product distributions reveals a high preference of MgO+. for the attack of primary CH bonds. This feature represents a notable distinction of the main‐group metal oxide MgO+. from various transition‐metal oxide cations, which show a clear preference for the attack of secondary CH bonds. The results of complementary theoretical calculations indicate that the CH bond activation of larger alkanes by the MgO+. cation is subject to pronounced kinetic control.
Preparation of “Si‐Centered” Chiral Silanes by Direct α‐Lithiation of Methylsilanes
Authors: Däschlein Christian , Gessner Viktoria H. , Strohmann Carsten 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe direct α‐lithiation of methyl‐substituted silanes as an efficient method for the preparation and elaboration of Si‐chiral compounds is reported. Deprotonation of chiral oligosilanes occurs selectively and with high yields at the methyl group of the stereogenic silicon center, even in the presence of multiple methylsilyl or methylgermyl substituents. Computational studies have confirmed this preference as a consequence of pre‐coordination of the lithiating agent by the amino side‐arm and repulsion effects in the corresponding transition state. This complexation is also obvious from X‐ray structure analyses of the α‐lithiated silanes, which exhibit intriguing structure formation patterns differing in the type of aggregation and the amount of alkyllithium used. An alternative route to Si‐chiral compounds is also presented, which involves desymmetrization of dimethylsilanes mediated by a chiral side‐arm. Structure analyses and computational studies have shown that the diastereoselectivity of this α‐lithiation is influenced by the selectivity of the formation of the stereogenic nitrogen upon complexation of the alkyllithium.
Anxiety disorders in advanced cancer patients
Authors: Spencer Ryan , Nilsson Matthew , Wright Alexi , Pirl William , Prigerson Holly 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors explored associations between anxiety disorders and advanced cancer patients' physical performance status, physician‐patient relationships, end‐of‐life (EOL) treatment preferences and outcomes, and quality of death.METHODS:The Coping with Cancer study was a National Cancer Institute/National Institute of Mental Health‐sponsored, prospective, longitudinal, multicenter cohort study of patients with advanced cancer. Six hundred thirty‐five patients completed the anxiety disorders module of the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic Statistical Manual IV. The results were compared with patients' baseline physical performance status, treatment preferences, perceptions of the physician‐patient relationship, and advance care planning (ACP).RESULTS:Approximately 7.6% of patients met criteria for an anxiety disorder. Patients who were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder were more likely to be women and younger and to have a worse physical performance status. Although there were no significant differences in patients' EOL treatment preferences or care, ACP, hospice enrollment, or patients' location of death, there were significant differences in how patients with anxiety disorders perceived the physician‐patient relationship. Patients with anxiety disorders had less trust in their physicians, felt less comfortable asking questions about their health, and felt less likely to understand the clinical information that their physicians presented. They also were more likely to believe that their physicians would offer them futile therapies and would not adequately control their symptoms.CONCLUSIONS:Women, patients who were more physically impaired, and younger patients with advanced cancer were more likely to meet criteria for an anxiety disorder. Patients with advanced cancer who had an anxiety disorder were more likely to experience greater challenges to the physician‐patient relationship. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Color constancy using achromatic surface
Authors: Li Bing , Xu De , Xiong Weihua , Feng Songhe 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlthough a number of elaborate color constancy algorithms have been proposed, methods such as Grey World and Max‐RGB are still widely used because of their low computational costs. The Grey World algorithm is based on the grey world assumption: the average reflectance in a scene is achromatic. But this assumption cannot be always satisfied well. Borrowing on some of the strengths and simplicity of the Grey World algorithm, W. Xiong et al. proposed an advanced illumination estimation method, named Grey Surface Identification (GSI), which identifies those grey surfaces no matter what the light color is and averages them in RGB space. However, this method is camera‐dependent, so it cannot be applied on the images from unknown imaging device. Motivated by the paradigm of the GSI, we present a novel iteration method to identify achromatic surface for illumination estimation. Furthermore, the local Grey Edge method is introduced to optimize the initial condition of the iteration so as to improve the accuracy of the proposed algorithm. The experiment results on different image datasets show that our algorithm is effective and outperforms some current state‐of‐the‐art color constancy algorithms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 2010
Single amino acid resolution of proteolytic fragments generated in individual cells
Authors: Brown Robert B. , Hewel Johannes A. , Emili Andrew , Audet Julie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe complex nature of enzyme regulation mandates that enzyme activity profiles be measured in the context of the intact cell. Single‐cell capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with laser‐induced fluorescence is a powerful approach for quantitation and separation of analytes present in small samples and single live cells; however, it does not allow for the definitive identification of the reaction products. On the other hand, mass spectrometry (MS) is able to identify analytes but still lacks the requisite sensitivity for most single‐cell analysis applications. Thus, it follows that by determining the relative amounts of reaction products generated in single cells using CE and by producing larger quantities of these products using bulk cell populations to identify them using MS, it is possible to determine enzyme activity profiles in single cells. In this study, the applicability of this approach was demonstrated by examining the intracellular fate of a protease substrate derived from the β‐amyloid precursor protein (β‐APP). In single live TF‐1 cells, three distinct fragments were generated from the β‐APP peptide, which differed by a single uncharged amino acid. The CE measurements indicated that the proteolytic fragment profiles (i.e., the relative amounts of each fragment) were consistent from cell to cell but that they were different from those obtained in cell lysates. Furthermore, measurements obtained at the single cell level made it possible to observe a modest but statistically significant negative correlation between the total amount of β‐APP peptide loaded in cells and the fraction of peptide that remained intact. This study demonstrates how single‐cell CE, MS, and peptide substrates can be combined to identify and measure enzyme activities in single live cells. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Epithelioid cell granulomas in urine cytology smears: Same cause, different implications
Authors: Arora Sandeep Kumar , Gupta Nalini , Nijhawan Raje , Mandal A. K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTuberculosis of the urinary tract is usually secondary to tuberculosis of the kidney. Multinucleated giant cell histiocytes, often with peripheral nuclei (Langhans' cells), may be identified. Acid‐fast bacilli on smear or positive urine cultures confirm the diagnosis. Similar findings can also be seen in patients treated with Bacillus Calmette Guérin (BCG) for transitional cell carcinoma or after bladder surgery. Here, we present two cases showing epithelioid cell granulomas and multinucleated giant cells on urine cytology, and discuss the differentiating features on cytomorphology and their therapeutic implications. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:765–767. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ancillary testing in liquid based cytology to distinguish cervical glandular neoplasia from tuboendometrial metaplasia in a young woman
Authors: Narine Nadira , Rana Durgesh N. , McVey Rhona J. , Fitzmaurice Richard 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA 33‐year old woman had a cervical sample taken at colposcopy clinic. Seven years prior to this, at the age of 26, she had had a cytological diagnosis of cervical glandular neoplasia (cytology descriptor indicated cells suspicious of endocervical neoplasia) and severe dyskaryosis. Confirmation and treatment were by LLETZ and knife cone, and, in keeping with England and Wales National Health Service guidelines, this woman was under follow‐up by the colposcopy clinic. Intervening cytological follow‐up included a number of negative cytological samples interspaced with one equivocal report. A recent repeat cytology which was rather cellular contained several hyperchromatic crowded cell groups (HCCG's). Careful examination revealed benign endometrial clusters, LUS, TEM and endocervical cells in strips showing pseudostratification and loss of polarity. Following an agar block, there was positive staining for p16 and Ki‐67 in the abnormal groups whilst the benign TEM cells stained positive for bcl‐2. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010;38:828–832. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The association between depression and health‐related quality of life in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic literature review
Authors: Ali Saima , Stone Margaret , Skinner Timothy Chas , Robertson Noelle , Davies Melanie , Khunti Kamlesh 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe relationships between co‐morbid depression in people with diabetes and adverse outcomes including poor HbA1ccontrol, adherence to medication and mortality have been examined and confirmed. However, as the awareness of the decrement to health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with diabetes and its clinical consequences grows, investigators have become increasingly interested in measuring HRQOL in clinical trials. Given that the psychological factors such as depression may contribute to diminished HRQOL, the present review sought to summarize the association between these variables in people with type 2 diabetes. Articles for a systematic review were obtainedviaa search performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO (1980–2007).Fourteen articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Studies indicated that self‐reported depressive symptoms markedly impaired HRQOL on several domains. However, depression was not related to all sub‐domains of HRQOL in all studies, suggesting that the effects of depression on certain aspects of HRQOL may vary between clinical and demographic subgroups. Although a number of shortcomings identified in the current literature should be taken into account for future research, the importance of this review lies in the possibility it raises that the improvements in HRQOL and clinical practice may potentially be achieved by placing greater attention on the identification and management of depression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[60]Fullerene–Metal Cluster Complexes: Understanding Novel η1 and η2[6:5] Bonding Modes of Metallofullerenes
Authors: Han Young‐Kyu , Kim Kyoung Hoon , Kim Jong Chan , Park Bo Keun , Park Joon T. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe performed extensive density functional calculations on various metallofullerene complexes and their polyanions to gain insight into novel η1 and η2[6:5] metal (M)–C60 bonding modes. For LnMC60 (L = ligand), the η1 mode is calculated to be the most stable, followed by η2[6:5] and η2[6:6] for –3 anions, in contrast to η2[6:6] >> η2[6:5] ≈ η1 for neutral cases. This observation is responsible for the transformation from η2[6:6] to η1 for LnM3C60, such as [Os3(CO)9C60], upon successive electron reductions. Our energy partitioning analysis (EPA) indicates that the π‐type character of η2[6:6] is much larger than that of η2[6:5]. An electron addition decreases the π‐type interaction of both the η2[6:6] and η2[6:5] modes by about 35 %, whereas it has little effect on σ‐type interactions. Because of the large proportion of π‐character in η2[6:6] coordination, the stability of η2[6:6] coordination decreases steeply as electron reductions continue. On the basis of the EPA results, we could explain why the reaction of [Os3(CO)8(CNR)(μ3‐η2[6:6],η2[6:6],η2[6:6]‐C60)] (R = CH2Ph) with CNR (4e donor) produces [Os3(CO)8(CNR)(μ3‐CNR)(μ3‐η1,η2[6:5],η1‐C60)]. The η1 and η2[6:5] bonding modes of M–C60 are crucial to fully understand the bonding nature of M–C60 bonds in exohedral metallofullerene complexes.
Simulating climate change-induced alterations in bioaccumulation of organic contaminants in an Arctic marine food web
Authors: Borgå Katrine , Saloranta Tuomo M. , Ruus Anders 
Published: February 2010

AbstractClimate change is expected to alter environmental distribution of contaminants and their bioaccumulation due to changes in transport, partitioning, carbon pathways, and bioaccumulation process rates. Magnitude and direction of these changes and resulting overall bioaccumulation in food webs is currently not known. The present study investigates and quantifies the effect of climate change in terms of increased temperature and primary production (i.e., concentrations of particulate organic carbon, CPOC), on bioaccumulation of organic contaminants in biota at various trophic levels. The present study covers only parts of the contaminant behavior that is influenced by climate change, and it was assumed that there were no changes in food web structure and in total air and water concentrations of organic contaminants. Therefore, other climate change-induced effects on net bioaccumulation, such as altered contaminant transport and food web structure, should be addressed in future studies. To determine the effect of climate change, a bioaccumulation model was used on the pelagic marine food web of the Arctic, where climate change is expected to occur fastest and to the largest magnitude. The effect of climate change on model parameters and processes, and on net bioaccumulation, were quantified for three modeling substances (γ-hexachlorocyclohexane [HCH], polychlorinated biphenyl [PCB]-52, and PCB-153) for two possible climate scenarios. In conclusion, increased temperature and CPOC reduced the overall bioaccumulation of organic contaminants in the Arctic marine food web, with the largest change being for PCB-52 and PCB-153. Reduced bioavailability, due to increased CPOC, was the most influential parameter for the less water soluble compounds. Increase in temperature resulted in an overall reduction in net bioaccumulation. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:1349–1357. © 2010 SETAC
Comparison of pharyngocutaneous fistula between patients followed by primary laryngopharyngectomy and salvage laryngopharyngectomy for advanced hypopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Tsou Yung‐An , Hua Chun‐Hung , Lin Meng‐Hung , Tseng Hsien‐Chang , Tsai Ming‐Hsui , Shaha Ashok 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundWe analyzed the incidence rate, possible etiology, and management of pharyngocutaneous fistula after laryngopharyngectomy between hypopharyngeal cancer patients who received surgery first and subsequently concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) and those who received CCRT first followed by surgical salvage.MethodsThis is a case cohort, retrospective study collected in a tertiary medical center from January 1996 to July 2007.ResultsFrom the total of 160 patients, 52 patients (32.5%) developed pharyngocutaneous fistula. There is a significant difference between the pharyngocutaneous fistula rate of those with initial CCRT and the initial surgery groups. By univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression, tests revealed that preoperative radiation and hypo‐albuminemia are risk factors for pharyngocutaneous fistula. A prolonged hospital course was noted among patients in the fistula group, especially when they received surgical repair, had hypo‐albuminemia (albumin, <2.5 g/dL), or received preoperative radiation therapy (pre‐OPRT).ConclusionsPreoperative radiation therapy and hypo‐albuminemia increase the fistula rate significantly. A prolonged hospital course was noted among all fistula patients. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Application of post‐surgical stimulated thyroglobulin for radioiodine remnant ablation selection in low‐risk papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Vaisman Alon , Orlov Steven , Yip Jonathan , Hu Cindy , Lim Terence , Dowar Mark , Freeman Jeremy L. , Walfish Paul G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundWe present our ongoing experience in the use of postsurgical stimulated serum thyroglobulin (Stim‐Tg) to assist in radioiodine remnant ablation (RRA) decision‐making.MethodsPatients with low‐risk well‐differentiated thyroid carcinoma (WDTC) with undetectable anti‐Tg antibodies were prospectively followed after total thyroidectomy and therapeutic central compartment neck dissection, when indicated.Stim‐Tg was performed 3 months postoperatively and used to base RRA selection.ResultsOf 104 patients, 59 patients (56.7%) had an undetectable Stim‐Tg after thyroidectomy, 35 (33.7%) had Stim‐Tg values of 1–5 μg/L, and 10 (9.6%) had Stim‐Tg values >5 μg/L. RRA was administered to 1 patient (1.7%) with undetectable Stim‐Tg, 6 patients (17.1%) with Stim‐Tg1–5 μg/L, and 9 patients (90%) with Stim‐Tg >5 μg/L, for a total of 16 patients (15.4%) receiving RRA. When compared to current RRA selection guidelines, the proposed protocol achieved a significantly lower RRA administration rate.ConclusionStim‐Tg measurement performed several months after total thyroidectomy is a useful objective parameter in assisting RRA decision‐making for patients with low‐risk WDTC. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Bone gla protein (osteocalcin) assay standardization report
Authors: Delmas P. D. , Christiansen C. , Mann K. G. , Price P. A. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The major conclusion of this study is that the different laboratory assays for serum BGP give a reasonably consistent picture of bone metabolism in the metabolic bone diseases examined only if the results are expressed as a percentage of serum BGP levels in normal individuals. This requires that all laboratories establish a mean control serum BGP value in an appropriate population of normal individuals. Since BGP levels determined by different laboratories on the same serum sample can vary by more than fourfold, the absolute serum BGP levels determined in one laboratory cannot be compared directly with the serum BGP levels determined in another. Although we cannot comment on the efficacy of different laboratory assays for serum BGP as measures of bone metabolism in disease states that were not examined, such as osteoporosis, it is clear that the large differences between laboratory assays make it imperative that all interlaboratory comparisons be based on values expressed as a percentage of serum BGP in an appropriate population of normal individuals