bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Janus Kinase Inhibition on Interleukin 6-mediated Induction of Acute-phase Serum Amyloid A in Rheumatoid Synovium
Authors: MIGITA KIYOSHI , KOGA TOMOHIRO , KOMORI ATSUMASA , TORIGOSHI TAKAFUMI , MAEDA YUMI , IZUMI YASUMORI , SATO JUNJI , JIUCHI YUKA , MIYASHITA TAIICHIRO , YAMASAKI SATOSHI , KAWAKAMI ATSUSHI , NAKAMURA MINORU , MOTOKAWA SATORU , ISHIBASHI HIROMI 
Published: August 2011

Objective.Inhibition of intracellular signal transduction is considered to be a therapeutic target for chronic inflammation. The new Janus kinase (JAK)3 inhibitor CP690,550 has shown efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the influence of JAK/STAT inhibition using CP690,550 on the induction of acute-phase serum amyloid A (SAA), which is triggered by interleukin 6 (IL-6) stimulation in rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS).Methods.IL-6-stimulated gene expression of the acute-phase serum amyloid A genes (A-SAA; encoded by SAA1+SAA2) and SAA4 was analyzed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The intracellular signaling pathway mediating the effects of CP690,550 on IL-6-stimulated JAK/STAT activation was assessed by measuring the phosphorylation levels using Western blots.Results.IL-6 trans-signaling induced A-SAA messenger RNA (mRNA) expression in RA-FLS. By contrast IL-6 stimulation did not affect SAA4 mRNA expression, which is expressed constitutively in RA-FLS. IL-6 stimulation elicited rapid phosphorylation of JAK2 and STAT3, which was blunted by CP690,550. CP690,550 abrogated IL-6-mediated A-SAA mRNA expression in RA-FLS. Similarly, CP690,550 inhibited IL-6-mediated A-SAA mRNA expression in human hepatocytes.Conclusion.Our data indicated that CP690,550 blocked IL-6-induced JAK2/STAT3 activation, as well as the induction of A-SAA. Inhibition of IL-6-mediated proinflammatory signaling pathways by CP690,550 may represent a new antiinflammatory therapeutic strategy for RA and AA amyloidosis.
An Efficient One‐Pot, Four‐Component Synthesis of {[(1H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]phenyl}‐1H‐pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐dione Derivatives
Authors: Torkian Laleh , Dabiri Minoo , Salehi Peyman , Bararjanian Morteza 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe 1‐{[(1H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy]phenyl}‐1H‐pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐dione derivatives 5 were synthesized by a simple and efficient method, i.e., by the four‐component, one‐pot condensation reaction of phthalohydrazide 4, a (propargyloxy)benzaldehyde 1, an active methylene compound 3 (malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate), and an azide 2 in the presence of Cu(OAc)2/sodium L‐ascorbate as catalyst and 1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazolium trifluoroacetate ([Hmim](CF3COO)) as an ionic‐liquid medium in good to excellent yields (Scheme 1).
Bioreduction of Acetophenone Derivatives by Red Marine Algae Bostrychia radicans and B. tenella, and Marine Bacteria Associated
Authors: Mouad Ana M. , Martins Mariana P. , Debonsi Hosana M. , de Oliveira Ana L. L. , de Felicio Rafael , Yokoya Nair S. , Fujii Mutue T. , de Menezes Claúdia B. A. , Fantinatti‐Garboggini Fabiana , Porto André L. M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe biocatalytic reduction of acetophenone derivatives was exploited by using algal biomass from Bostrychia radicans and B. tenella producing exclusively (S)‐2‐phenylethanols with high enantiomeric excess (>99% ee). Bacterial populations associated with algal biomass were identified as the Bacillus genus. This report deals with the first investigations involving the use of marine bacteria associated with B. radicans and B. tenella marine algae for the biocatalytic reduction of acetophenone derivatives.
Two New 23‐Membered Macrolactones from a Terrestrial Bacterium, Streptomyces sp. IMBJ01
Authors: Gu Jing‐Yan , Han Wen‐Jun , Qi Fang‐Fang , Li Jing , Sun Shi‐Wei , Zhu Tian‐Jiao , Mao Wen‐Jun , Gu Qian‐Qun , Li De‐Hai 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTwo new unusual 23‐membered macrolactones, named griseoviridins B (1) and C (2), along with the known analogue griseoviridin (3) were isolated from the culture of Streptomyces sp. IMBJ01, a terrestrial bacterium isolated from Wolong, Sichuan Province, China. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data and their absolute configurations were determined by comparison of their CD spectra with those of compound 3.
Electrochemical Chlorination of Physcion – An Approach to Naturally Occurring Chlorinated Secondary Metabolites of Lichens
Authors: Stevanović Dragana , Damljanović Ivan , Vukićević Mirjana , Manojlović Nedeljko , Radulović Niko S. , Vukićević Rastko D. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe electrochemical chlorination of physcion (=1,8‐dihydroxy‐3‐methoxy‐6‐methylanthracene‐9,10‐dione; 1) in AcOH and CH2Cl2 was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and prep.‐scale electrolysis. This approach provided access to a number of diverse biologically and pharmacologically interesting chlorinated secondary metabolites of lichen. Unlike the only previous literature report on the ‘classical’ chlorination of physcion (1), which allowed the preparation of 4‐chlorophyscion (2b), 4,5‐dichlorophyscion (3b), and 2,4,5‐trichlorophyscion (4), the present procedure also gave fragilin (=2‐chlorophyscion; 2a) and 2,4‐dichlorophyscion (3a), alongside the previously obtained 2b, 3b, and 4. All of these compounds, except for 2a, were isolated by column chromatography and medium‐pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) and characterized by spectral data. The preparative electrolysis with a 2 F⋅mol−1 charge consumption in AcOH and 10 F⋅mol−1 in CH2Cl2 may have a practical synthetic utility, since the thus obtained product mixtures can be readily fractioned by column chromatography to afford pure 2b and 4, respectively. The regioselectivity of the reaction is explained by the resonance stabilization of the corresponding arenium cations ‐ potential products of an electrophilic attack of a ‘positive’ Cl species on the physcion molecule.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Simplactones A and B
Authors: Prabhakar Peddikotla , Ramesh Dasari , Rajaram Singanaboina , Reddy Dorigondla Kumar , Venkateswarlu Yenamandra 
Published: August 2011

AbstractA new, simple, and short route for the synthesis of simplactones A (1) and B (2) was achieved from a synthetically prepared chiral auxiliary, i.e., the Oppolzer camphor‐derived sultam 4, and (4‐methoxybenzyl)‐protected 3‐hydroxypropanal, in 52 and 48% overall yield, respectively, and with high diastereoselectivity (Schemes 2 and 3).
Synthesis of calcium–silica composites: A route toward an in vitro model system for calcific band keratopathy precipitates
Authors: Doostdar Nadjmeh , Manrique Carissa J. , Hamill M. Bowes , Barron Andrew R. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractCalcific band keratopathy (CBK) is a degenerative condition resulting in the deposition of calcium salts in the superficial layers of the cornea and causing significant visual disturbance and pain of the affected eye. Unfortunately, the amount of CBK precipitates recovered from the affected eye is very small therefore; it would be beneficial to prepare a synthetic material mimicking CBK material to further the development of therapeutics. Analyses of biological samples recovered from patients show the presence of silicon in addition to calcium, as well as a distinctive fused spherical morphology. This prompted us to study the reaction of various sources of silicon (fumed silica, silicic acid, and silicone oil) with CaCO3 under a range of reaction conditions to gain an understanding of the formation of CBK. A silicon source alone was not found to be responsible for the fused spherical morphology, and a third component, a polar surfactant‐like molecule such as sodium dodecyl sulfate or tetradecylphosphonic acid, was also required. The effects of silicon:calcium ratio and reaction time have been studied. The reaction of fumed silica with CaCO3 in presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate results in the formation of spherical shapes resembling the structures and chemical composition observed in the eye samples, while no such structures were observed in the absence of silicon. Samples closely resembling human samples were also formed from the reaction of silicone oil with CaCO3 in the presence of tetradecylphosphonic acid. Samples were characterized by SEM, XRD, and XPS and Raman spectroscopy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
In vivo toxicity of poly(propyleneimine) dendrimers
Authors: Ziemba Barbara , Janaszewska Anna , Ciepluch Karol , Krotewicz Maria , Fogel Wiesława A. , Appelhans Dietmar , Voit Brigitte , Bryszewska Maria , Klajnert Barbara 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDendrimers are highly branched macromolecules with the potential to be used for biomedical applications. Several dendrimers are toxic owing to their positively charged surfaces. However, this toxicity can be reduced by coating these peripheral cationic groups with carbohydrate residues. In this study, the toxicity of three types of 4th generation poly (propyleneimine) dendrimers were investigated in vivo; uncoated (PPI‐g4) dendrimers, and dendrimers in which 25% or 100% of surface amino groups were coated with maltotriose (PPI‐g4‐25%m or PPI‐g4‐100%m), were administered to Wistar rats. Body weight, food and water consumption, and urine excretion were monitored daily. Blood was collected to investigate biochemical and hematological parameters, and the general condition and behavior of the animals were analyzed. Unmodified PPI dendrimers caused changes in the behavior of rats, a decrease in food and water consumption, and lower body weight gain. In the case of PPI‐g4 and PPI‐g4‐25%m dendrimers, disturbances in urine and hematological and biochemical profiles returned to normal during the recovery period. PPI‐g4‐100%m was harmless to rats. The PPI dendrimers demonstrated dose‐ and sugar‐modification‐degree dependent toxicity. A higher dose of uncoated PPI dendrimers caused toxicity, but surface modification almost completely abolished this toxic effect. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2011.
Salient poles synchronous machine simulation, validation and inductance determination procedure
Authors: Alves Aylton José , Neto Luciano Martins , Calixto Wesley Pacheco , Wu Marcel , Alvarenga Bernardo , Menescal de Oliveira José Mário 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, a computer simulation of the salient poles synchronous machine (SPSM) is presented. This simulation employs a modeling based on the machine self and mutual inductance curves, determined from a methodology, which is also presented here. This methodology applies the volt–ampere method in a first experimental stage, where the machine currents and voltages are oscillographied, with its digitalized data storage. In a second stage, stored data receive a mathematical manipulation. The simulated results are confronted with the experimental currents and voltages measured in tests for purposes of validation of the SPSM modeling as well as the inductance determination methodology. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transparentes leitfähiges TiO2:Nb – ein TCO‐Material der Zukunft?
Authors: Junghähnel Manuela , Kopte Torsten , Zywitzki Olaf 
Published: August 2011

AbstractNiob dotiertes Titanoxid ist ein noch weitestgehend unbekanntes TCO‐Material. Mittels Gleichstrom‐ und Puls‐Magnetron‐Sputtern wurden polykristalline TiO2:Nb‐Schichten in einer produktionsähnlichen Beschichtungsanlage abgeschieden und die Eigenschaften der Schichten untersucht. Eine mittels Gleichstrom gesputterte 100 nm dicke TiO2:Nb‐Schicht zeigt nach einer thermischen Behandlung bei 450 °C einen niedrigen spez. elektr. Widerstand von 7,2 × 10−4 Ωcm, einen Extinktionskoeffizienten von 0,02 und eine Transmission im sichtbaren Spektralbereich von 74,8%.
Die häufigsten Fehler beim Einsatz von Vakuumpumpen und deren Vermeidung
Authors: Barfuss Heinz 
Published: August 2011

AbstractDa das Anwendungsspektrum für Vakuumpumpen immer weiter wächst, ist es erforderlich, dass die Vakuumpumpenhersteller auf die Kundenbedürfnisse zugeschnittene Produkte entwickeln und anbieten. Um einen störungsfreien Betrieb und Funktionserfüllung in der Anlage zu erreichen, gilt es, gewisse Einsatzparameter und Betriebsweisen einzuhalten. In diesem Artikel wird aus der Sicht des Pumpenherstellers versucht, dem Betreiber und Systemhersteller hilfreiche und sinnvolle Hinweise über Auswahl, Betriebsweise, Zubehör, Überwachung und erforderliche Wartung für die am häufigsten eingesetzten Vakuumpumpen zu vermitteln.
Impact of total vaginal mesh surgery for pelvic organ prolapse on female sexual function
Authors: Wang Chiu‐Lin , Long Cheng‐Yu , Juan Yung‐Shun , Liu Cheng‐Min , Hsu Chun‐Shuo 
Published: August 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the short‐term impact of surgical repair with total transvaginal mesh (TVM) on sexual function among women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP).MethodsTwenty‐seven sexually active women who underwent total TVM procedures for symptomatic POP at Buddhist Dalin Tzu Chi General Hospital between 2007 and 2010 were included in the retrospective study. Preoperative and postoperative assessments included pelvic examination using the POP quantification (POP‐Q) system, urodynamic studies, and a personal interview to evaluate urinary and sexual symptoms via the urogenital distress inventory (UDI‐6), incontinence impact questionnaire (IIQ‐7), and female sexual function index (FSFI).ResultsThe mean patient age was 51.4 years (range 36–68 years) and the mean parity was 2.7 (range 0–4). Regarding POP‐Q parameters, there were significant improvements at points Aa, Ba, C, Ap, and Bp after surgery (P < 0.001). Similarly, the UDI‐6 and IIQ‐7 scores significantly dropped postoperatively (P < 0.01). After surgery, the scores for the dyspareunia and the lubrication domains of FSFI worsened significantly (P < 0.05). There was no significant change in other domains (desire, arousal, orgasm, satisfaction, and total score; P > 0.05). Two‐thirds (66.7%) of women had a lower total FSFI score postoperatively.ConclusionTVM surgery was found to contribute successfully to the anatomic correction of POP, but individual domains of sexual function sometimes worsened.
Genetic effects on fitness of the mutant sugary1 in wild-type maize
Authors: DJEMEL A. , ORDÁS B. , KHELIFI L. , ORDÁS A. , REVILLA P. 
Published: August 2011

SUMMARYKnowing the genetic regulation of fitness is crucial for using mutants in breeding programmes, particularly when the mutant is deleterious in some genetic backgrounds, as it happens with the sweet corn mutant sugary1 (su1) in maize (Zea mays L.). The fitness and genetic effects of maize mutant su1 were monitored through five successive selfing generations in two separated mean-generation designs. The first involved two inbreds with similar genetic backgrounds, while unrelated inbreds were used for the second design. Parents, F1s, F2s, and backcrosses were crossed to P39 as the donor of su1 and the 12 crosses were successively self-pollinated for 5 years. The su1 frequency decreased linearly across selfing generations in both designs. Additive effects were significant for su1 seed viability. However, dominance effects were of higher magnitude than additive effects, even though the dominance effects were not significant. Genetic effects depended on genotypes and environments. Therefore, the fitness of su1 is under genetic control, with significant additive effects due to minor contributions of multiple genes. The fitness of su1 is strongly affected by maize genotypic background and environment. It is hypothesized that genotypes could have evolutionary potential for modulating the fitness of single mutations.
Time, foreknowledge, and alternative possibilities
Authors: GREEN JEFFREY , ROGERS KATHERIN 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIn this article we respond to arguments from William Hasker and David Kyle Johnson that free will is incompatible with both divine foreknowledge and eternalism (what we refer to as isotemporalism). In particular, we sketch an Anselmian account of time and freedom, briefly defend the view against Hasker's critique, and then respond in more depth to Johnson's claim that Anselmian freedom is incompatible with free will because it entails that our actions are ‘ontologically necessary’. In defending Anselmian freedom we argue that our ordinary intuitions do not support Johnson's case and that Anselmian freedom is compatible with deliberation.
Novel NIR Spectroscopy Correlation Approach to Amino Acid Analysis of Soybean Proteins for Composition Improvements. (v.3)
Authors: Prisecaru Valentin , Baianu I. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAmino acid NIR calibrations were developed in our Physical Chemistry of Foods Laboratory of the University of Illinois at Urbana for three selected amino acid groups that include essential amino acids for identified soybean accessions. Conventional “wet chemistry” analytical methods are time-consuming and costly. As a result, soybean breeders and researchers have an imperative need to utilize faster and less expensive methods. NIR Spectroscopy is a rapid and inexpensive method for composition analysis for academia and industry. Recent advancements in instrumentation design, such as the application of the Diode Array (DA) technique and the Fourier Transform (FT) IR and NIR techniques, have significantly improved overall instrument performance and advancement in the field of grain analysis.Novel results are presented for amino acid calibrations for US soybean accessions relevant to the food and agricultural industry.
Reconsidering the New Normal: Trauma, Vulnerability & Resilience in Post-Katrina New Orleans
Authors: Blum Michael , Gotham Kevin , McLachlan John , Zipperer Wayne , Campanella Richard 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTraumatic anthropogenic or natural disasters can redefine the ecological and social diversity of cities, with "new normal" conditions often emerging in post-trauma urban landscapes. The objective of our ULTRA project is to examine how the pace and trajectory of recovery in post-Katrina New Orleans reflect ecological and social diversity. Specifically, we are examining potential parallels and interactions between ecological and social diversity within and among neighborhoods, and across the New Orleans metropolitan area. We are doing so by (1) organizing and coordinating a network of scholars and practitioners to exchange experience and knowledge and thereby advance understanding of connections between diversity and recovery in post-trauma urban ecosystems; (2) assembling a central data archive on the structure and diversity of ecological communities of New Orleans, which involves conducting an inventory of the post-Katrina urban forest; (4) and conducting a GIS-based spatial analysis of pre- and post-trauma landscape and social metrics derived from satellite imagery and the 2000 and 2010 federal census, analyzed for diversification and compared to stabilization metrics. This citywide study is being supplemented with three fine-grained studies in the neighborhoods of the Lower Ninth Ward, Hollygrove, and Pontchartrain Park. Qualitative data collected in these neighborhoods provides insight into the relationships between trauma and ecological and social diversity, and identify variation in the timing, pace, and trajectory of neighborhood recovery. In the future, we will expand our efforts to consider how diversity reflects the availability and valuation of ecosystem services in post-trauma urban landscapes. Our intent is to develop New Orleans as a natural laboratory for the study of ecological and community resiliency.
Anticoagulating obese patients in the modern era
Authors: Patel Jignesh P. , Roberts Lara N. , Arya Roopen 
Published: August 2011

SummaryThe prevalence of obesity has increased substantially over recent years. Clinicians are increasingly being challenged with making uncertain anticoagulant dosing decisions, as the optimal dosing strategy for most anticoagulants in the obese patient population remains unknown. Research published to date suggests that the clearance of anticoagulants increases with weight. As obesity is associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism and arterial disease, there is an urgent need to establish appropriate anticoagulation regimens for this patient group. Research studies applying the method of pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic modelling and simulation could establish an appropriate evidence base and provide direction and reassurance to prescribing clinicians.
Biofilm growth alters regulation of conjugation by a bacterial pheromone
Authors: Cook Laura , Chatterjee Anushree , Barnes Aaron , Yarwood Jeremy , Hu Wei‐Shou , Dunny Gary 
Published: August 2011

SummaryConjugation is an important mode of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria, enhancing the spread of antibiotic resistance. In clinical settings, biofilms are likely locations for antibiotic resistance transfer events involving nosocomial pathogens such as Enterococcus faecalis. Here we demonstrate that growth in biofilms alters the induction of conjugation by a sex pheromone in E. faecalis. Mathematical modelling suggested that a higher plasmid copy number in biofilm cells would enhance a switch‐like behaviour in the pheromone response of donor cells with a delayed, but increased response to the mating signal. Alterations in plasmid copy number, and a bimodal response to induction of conjugation in populations of plasmid‐containing donor cells were both observed in biofilms, consistent with the predictions of the model. The pheromone system may have evolved such that donor cells in biofilms are only induced to transfer when they are in extremely close proximity to potential recipients in the biofilm community. These results may have important implications for development of chemotherapeutic agents to block resistance transfer and treat biofilm‐related clinical infections.
Interpolating Spatial Interaction Data1
Authors: Jang Woo , Yao Xiaobai 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSpatial interpolation has been widely used to improve the spatial granularity of data, or to mediate between inconsistent zoning schemes of spatial data. Traditional areal interpolation methods translate values of source zones to those of target zones. These methods have difficulty in dealing with flow data, as each instance is associated with a pair of zones. This study develops a new concept, flow line interpolation, to fill the abovementioned gap. We also develop a first flow line interpolation method to estimate commuting flow data between spatial units in a target zoning scheme based on such data in a source zoning scheme. Three models (i.e., areal‐weighted, intelligent, and gravity‐type flow line interpolation) are presented. To test the estimation accuracy and the application potential of these models, a case study of Fulton County in Georgia is conducted. The results reveal that both the areal‐weighted and intelligent models are very promising flow line interpolation methods.
Modified Smith predictor with a robust disturbance reduction scheme for linear systems with small time delays
Authors: Tsai Ming‐Hau , Tung Pi‐Cheng 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis paper presents a robust disturbance reduction scheme using an artificial neural network (ANN) for linear systems with small time delays. It is assumed that the nominal linear systems are stable, minimum phase and relative degree one systems. The proposed structure is an integration of a modified Smith predictor and an ANN‐based disturbance reduction scheme. Unlike other disturbance rejection methods, the proposed approach does not require information about unknown load disturbance frequencies. An ANN is used to approximate the unknown load disturbances and to enhance the robustness of the proposed disturbance reduction scheme against modelling errors in the estimated time delay and the process model. Connective weights of the ANN are trained on‐line using a back‐propagation algorithm until uncertainties resulting from unknown load disturbances and modelling errors are minimized. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the presented disturbance reduction scheme for controlling linear delay systems subjected to step or periodic unknown load disturbances.