bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Spatial Segregation of Zooplankton Communities with Reference to Land Use and Macrophytes in Shallow Lake Wielkowiejskie (Poland)
Authors: Kuczyńska‐Kippen Natalia 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe spatial distribution of zooplankton in relation to two types of land‐use (forested and pastoral‐arable) of a lake's surroundings and to various habitats (helophytes, elodeids, nymphaeids and open water) was examined along 16 parallel transects on a macrophyte‐dominated lake (area – 13.3 ha; mean depth – 1.4 m). The type of habitat was the main determinant of zooplankton community structure. Dissected‐leaved elodeids harboured the richest and most abundant community with typically littoral (e.g., Colurella uncinata) and pelagic species (e.g., Keratella cochlearis). Two species (Polyarthra major and P. vulgaris) selectively chose the open water and one (Lecane quadridentata) the Typha stand. No spatial differentiation in zooplankton abundance was recorded between the two types of the catchment area. One possible explanation may be the shallowness and small area of this lake which may support full mixing and no difference in physical‐chemical gradients. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Changes in Internal Phosphorus Loading and Fish Population as Possible Causes of Water Quality Decline in a Shallow, Biomanipulated Lake
Authors: Boros Gergely , Tátrai István , György Ágnes Irma , Vári Ágnes , Nagy Alex Sándor 
Published: June 2009

AbstractImpacts of internal nutrient loading and the role of biota in phosphorus (P) dynamics were studied in a shallow, hypertrophic, biomanipulated lake. Reduced fish stock resulted in clearing water and the development of a dense submerged vegetation by 2005. However, an abrupt shift occurred in 2007, seven years after the fish manipulation. Simultaneously, water quality deteriorated which became obvious in elevated chlorophyll‐a concentration in lake water, associated with increased biomass of fish and decay of a previously extended macrophyte cover. There were no significant differences in lake water P concentrations between the two periods (2005–2006 and 2007); however, peaks of different P forms were markedly higher in 2007 than in 2005–2006. At the same time, P content of sediment pore water declined considerably in 2007. Our mesocosm experiment, carried out in the manipulated lake, emphasize the positive role of the dominant fish species (roach) in P regeneration. We suggest that fish manipulation should be carried out every 5 year to maintain clear water conditions permanent, until the total removal of redundant nutrients accumulated in the lake ecosystem. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Prostate cancer regulatory networks
Authors: Altieri Dario C. , Languino Lucia R. , Lian Jane B. , Stein Janet L. , Leav Irwin , van Wijnen Andre J. , Jiang Zhong , Stein Gary S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAlthough the timing with which common epithelial malignancies arise and become established remains a matter of debate, it is clear that by the time they are detected these tumors harbor hundreds of deregulated, aberrantly expressed or mutated genes. This enormous complexity poses formidable challenges to identify gene pathways that are drivers of tumorigenesis, potentially suitable for therapeutic intervention. An alternative approach is to consider cancer pathways as interconnected networks, and search for potential nodal proteins capable of connecting multiple signaling networks of tumor maintenance. We have modeled this approach in advanced prostate cancer, a condition with current limited therapeutic options. We propose that the integration of three signaling networks, including chaperone‐mediated mitochondrial homeostasis, integrin‐dependent cell signaling, and Runx2‐regulated gene expression in the metastatic bone microenvironment plays a critical role in prostate cancer maintenance, and offers novel options for molecular therapy. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 845–852, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
TCEP treatment reduces proteolytic activity of BoNT/B in human neuronal SHSY‐5Y cells
Authors: Shi Xuerong , Garcia Gregory E. , Neill Roger J. , Gordon Richard K. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe light chain (LC) of botulinum neurotoxin B (BoNT/B) is unable to enter target neuronal cells by itself. It is brought into the cell in association with the BoNT/B heavy chain (HC) through endocytosis. The BoNT HC‐LC subunits are held together by a single disulfide bond. Intracellular reduction of this bond and separation of the two subunits activates the endopeptidase activity of the LC. This requirement suggests a strategy to prevent uptake by prophylactic reduction to disrupt the disulfide bond prior to endocytosis of the complex. We examined the utility of tris‐(2‐carboxyethyl)‐phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP), a relatively non‐toxic, non‐sulfur containing disulfide bond reducing agent that lacks the undesirable properties of mercapto‐containing reducing agents. We found that TCEP was as effective as DTT with maximal LC endopeptidase activation occurring at 1 mM, a concentration not toxic to the human neuronal cell line, SHSY‐5Y. In these cells, 1 mM TCEP maximally protected against BoNT/B inhibition of [3H]‐NA release, achieving 72% of the release from un‐intoxicated controls. This effect appears to be due to the sparing of SNARE proteins as the levels of VAMP‐2, the specific target of BoNT/B, were protected. These results show that TCEP disrupts the structure of BoNT/B by reduction of the LC and HC bridging disulfide bond and prevents neuronal intoxication. Since disulfide bond coupling between toxin subunits is a general motif for many toxins, e.g., ricin, snake venom, and all BoNT serotypes, this suggests that TCEP is a promising means to protect against these toxins by preventing cell penetration. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 1021–1030, 2009. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Free‐energy‐driven folding and thermodynamics of the 67‐residue protein GS‐α3W—A large‐scale Monte Carlo study
Authors: Meinke Jan H. , Hansmann Ulrich H. E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractUtilizing the computational power of a few thousand processors on a BlueGene/P, we have explored the folding mechanism of the 67‐residue protein GS‐α3W. Results from our large‐scale simulation indicate a diffusion‐collision mechanism for folding. However, the lower‐than‐expected frequency of native‐like configurations at physiological temperatures indicates shortcomings of our energy function. Our results suggest that computational studies of large proteins call for redevelopment and reparametrization of force fields that in turn require extensive simulations only possible with the newly available supercomputers with computing powers reaching the petaflop range. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009
Theoretical study and rate constants calculation for the reactions of SiH3radical with SiH3CH3and SiH2(CH3)2
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhang Gui‐Ling , Liu Jing‐Yao , Sun Miao , Liu Bo , Li Ze‐Sheng 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe multiple‐channel reactions SiH3+ SiH3CH3→ products and SiH3+ SiH2(CH3)2→ products are investigated by direct dynamics method. The minimum energy path (MEP) is calculated at the MP2/6‐31+G(d,p) level, and energetic information is further refined by the MC‐QCISD method. The rate constants for individual reaction channels are calculated by the improved canonical variational transition state theory (ICVT) with small‐curvature tunneling (SCT) correction over the temperature range of 200–2400 K. The theoretical three‐parameter expressionk1(T) = 2.39 × 10−23T4.01exp(−2768.72/T) andk2(T) = 9.67 × 10−27T4.92exp(−2165.15/T) (in unit of cm3molecule−1s−1) are given. Our calculations indicate that hydrogen abstraction channel from SiH group is the major channel because of the smaller barrier height among eight channels considered. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2010
Diagnosis of magnetoresponsive aromatic and antiaromatic zones in three‐membered rings of d‐ and f‐block elements
Authors: Tsipis Athanassios C. , Depastas Ioannis G. , Karagiannis Efstathios E. , Tsipis Constantinos A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMagnetoresponsive three‐membered rings of d‐ and f‐block elements have been thoroughly investigated with the help of electronic structure calculation methods. The magnetic response of the clusters was evaluated by the Nucleus Independent Chemical Shifts (NICS)zz‐scan curves, which in conjunction with symmetry‐based selection rules for the most significant translationally and rotationally allowed transitions helped rationalize and predict the orbital‐type of aromaticity/antiaromaticity of the clusters. The magnetoresponsive early (Groups 3, 4, and 5) transition metal M3 rings exhibit successive aromatic and antiaromatic zones separated by a nodal plane. The magnetoresponsive late (Groups 11 and 12) transition metal M3 rings exhibit long‐range aromatic zone with the NICSzz(R) values decaying rapidly and monotonically with respect to R. The magnetic response of Group 10 transition metal M3 rings is similar to that of the early transition metal M3 rings, but it is long‐range antiaromatic only for the [c‐Ni3] cluster. The NICSzz‐scan curve of the [(HtLa)3(μ2‐H)6] cluster is indicative of weak pure σ‐aromaticity due to the induced diatropic ring current from the translationally allowed a → e′ and e′ → a transitions. The aromatic–antiaromatic behavior of the [(HtCe)3(μ2‐H)6]+ and [(HtTm)3(μ2‐H)6]2− clusters is similar to that of the early d‐block elements. The magnetic response of [(HtYb)3(μ2‐H)6]3− is similar to that of [c‐Hg3]2−. The [(HtLu)3(μ2‐H)6] cluster can be considered as a doubly (σ + π) aromatic system, with the σ‐aromatic component being much stronger than the π‐aromatic one. Finally, the [(XtRe)3(μ2‐X)6] and [(XtRu)3(μ2‐X)6]+ (X = Cl, Br, I) clusters exhibit significant aromatic character with the greatest contribution to the induced diatropic ring currents coming from π‐type transitions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2010
A simple representation of energy matrix elements in terms of symmetry‐invariant bases
Authors: Cui Peng , Wu Jian , Zhang Guiqing , Boyd Russell J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWhen a system under consideration has some symmetry, usually its Hamiltonian space can be parallel partitioned into a set of subspaces, which is invariant under symmetry operations. The bases that span these invariant subspaces are also invariant under the symmetry operations, and they are the symmetry‐invariant bases. A standard methodology is available to construct a series of generator functions (GFs) and corresponding symmetry‐adapted basis (SAB) functions from these symmetry‐invariant bases. Elements of the factorized Hamiltonian and overlap matrix can be expressed in terms of these SAB functions, and their simple representations can be deduced in terms of GFs. The application of this method to the Heisenberg spin Hamiltonian is demonstrated. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Relativistic correlating basis sets for 57La and 89Ac
Authors: Sekiya Masahiro , Noro Takeshi , Koga Toshikatsu , Saito Shiro L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDeveloped and reported are compact yet efficient correlating basis sets for the 57La and 89Ac atoms, missing in the literature. Good performance of these correlating sets is exemplified in molecular applications to diatomic oxides and fluorides. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
On sparse countably infinite Steiner triple systems
Authors: Chicot K. M. , Grannell M. J. , Griggs T. S. , Webb B. S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe give a general construction for Steiner triple systems on a countably infinite point set and show that it yields 2nonisomorphic systems all of which are uniform andr‐sparse for all finiter⩾4. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 115–122, 2010
New inductive constructions of complete caps inPG(N, q),qeven
Authors: Davydov Alexander A. , Giulietti Massimo , Marcugini Stefano , Pambianco Fernanda 
Published: June 2009

AbstractSome new families of small complete caps inPG(N, q),qeven, are described. By using inductive arguments, the problem of the construction of small complete caps in projective spaces of arbitrary dimensions is reduced to the same problem in the plane. The caps constructed in this article provide an improvement on the currently known upper bounds on the size of the smallest complete cap inPG(N, q),N≥4, for allq≥23. In particular, substantial improvements are obtained for infinite values ofqsquare, includingq=22Cm,C≥5,m≥3; forq=2Cm,C≥5,m≥9, withC,modd; and for allq≤218. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 177–201, 2010
Impact of the 1996 welfare reform on child and family well‐being
Authors: Lee Kyunghee 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis article examined the impact of the 1996 Welfare Reform, based on data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Using a sample of 1,681 single mothers living in poverty, this study compared the effects of economic well‐being and home environment scores on their children during pre‐ and post‐Welfare Reform years. Following the 1996 Welfare Reform, fewer mothers received cash payments, and those who did received lower payments, while more mothers worked at low‐paying jobs. Negative impacts were more pronounced for less educated mothers. The effects of family income and home environment scores on children were different before and after the 1996 Welfare Reform. Maternal education moderated these associations. Instead of enforcing the current “work first” mandate, this research supports giving priority to maternal education to enhance child and family well‐being in low‐income families. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
cAMP activation by PACAP/VIP stimulates IL‐6 release and inhibits osteoblastic differentiation through VPAC2 receptor in osteoblastic MC3T3 cells
Authors: Nagata Azusa , Tanaka Tomoaki , Minezawa Asami , Poyurovsky Masha , Mayama Takafumi , Suzuki Sawako , Hashimoto Naoko , Yoshida Tomohiko , Suyama Keiko , Miyata Atsuro , Hosokawa Hiroyuki , Nakayama Toshinori , Tatsuno Ichiro 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP), a member of the glucagon/vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) superfamily, stimulates cyclic AMP accumulation initiating a variety of biological processes such as: neurotropic actions, immune and pituitary function, learning and memory, catecholamine biosynthesis and regulation of cardiopulmonary function. Both osteoclasts and osteoblasts have been shown to express receptors for PACAP/VIP implicated in their role in bone metabolism. To further understand the role of PACAP/VIP family in controlling bone metabolism, we investigated differentiation model of MC3T3‐E1 cells, an osteoblastic cell line derived from mouse calvaria. Quantitative RT‐PCR analysis demonstrated that MC3T3‐E1 cells expressed only VPAC2 receptor and its expression was upregulated during osteoblastic differentiation, whereas VPAC1 and PAC1 receptors were not expressed. Consistent with expression of receptor subtype, both PACAP and VIP stimulate cAMP accumulation in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner with the similar potency in undifferentiated and differentiated cells, while Maxadilan, a specific agonist for PAC1‐R, did not. Furthermore, downregulation of VPAC2‐R by siRNA completely blocked cAMP response mediated by PACAP and VIP. Importantly, PACAP/VIP as well as forskolin markedly suppressed the induction of alkaline phosphatase mRNA upon differentiation and the pretreatment with 2′,5′‐dideoxyadenosine, a cAMP inhibitor, restored its inhibitory effect of PACAP. We also found that PACAP and VIP stimulated IL‐6 release, a stimulator of bone resorption, and VPAC2‐R silencing inhibited IL‐6 production. Thus, PACAP/VIP can activate adenylate cyclase response and regulate IL‐6 release through VPAC2 receptor with profound functional consequences for the inhibition of osteoblastic differentiation in MC3T3‐E1 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 75–83, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Advancing science and technology via 3D culture on basement membrane matrix
Authors: Benton G. , George J. , Kleinman H.K. , Arnaoutova I.P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractMany cells in tissues are in contact with a highly specialized extracellular matrix, termed the basement membrane. Basement membranes have certain common components, including collagen IV, laminins, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, and growth factors which have a wide variety of biological activities. Extracts of basement membrane‐rich tissue have yielded material suitable for studying cell–basement membrane interactions. Cells cultured in a 3D basement membrane matrix allow the in vitro modeling of cell behavior, including differentiation, apoptosis, steps in capillary formation, cancer growth, invasion, etc. It has also led to the development of widely used assays for invasion and angiogenesis and more recently for tumor cell dormancy. Importantly, stem cell culture in 3D basement membrane matrices has provided important advances that allow for expansion of these cells in feeder layer‐free cultures and for studying their differentiation. 3D basement membrane culture has allowed the molecular dissection of pathways and genes important in differentiation, aided in the identification of progenitor cells, and led to the development of tissue constructs which may be models for regenerative medicine. This review will outline how this technology has led to important research assays and findings that have advanced our understanding of tissue development and disease and aided in the preclinical development of various therapeutics. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 18–25. Published 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A new role of anandamide in human sperm: Focus on metabolism
Authors: Aquila Saveria , Guido Carmela , Laezza Chiara , Santoro Antonietta , Pezzi Vincenzo , Panza Salvatore , Andò Sebastiano , Bifulco Maurizio 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe endocannabinoid system and the presence of CB1 receptor (CB1‐R) target of the anandamide were identified in human sperm, however the anandamide action in this context needs to be further elucidated. At this purpose we analyzed the effects of anandamide on human sperm capacitation and motility. Afterwards, we focused on lipid and glucose sperm metabolism and also investigated the interrelationship between anandamide and insulin secretion by sperm. By intracellular free Ca2+content assay and proteins tyrosine phosphorylation, we evidenced that anandamide did not induce capacitation process and a negative effect was obtained on sperm motility. The blockage of CB1‐R by the specific antagonist SR141716 increased both capacitation and sperm motility suggesting an involvement of the CB1‐R in the acquisition of sperm fertilizing activity. The evaluation of the triglycerides content, lipase and acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase activities, suggest that anandamide exerts a lipogenetic effect on human sperm lipid metabolism. Concerning the glucose metabolism, anandamide increases GSK3 phosphorylation indicating that it is involved in the accumulation of energy substrates. G6PDH activity was not affected by anandamide. Interestingly, AEA is involved in insulin secretion by sperm. As insulin had been demonstrated to be an autocrine factor that triggers capacitation, the endocannabinoid might be inserted in the signaling cascade that induces this process. Altogether these findings highlight a pivotal involvement of the CB1‐R in the control of sperm energy homeostasis and propose a new site of action for endocannabinoids in the control of energy metabolism. J. Cell. Physiol. 221: 147–153, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Prominent features of large‐scale atmospheric circulation during spring droughts over northeast Asia
Authors: Park Jong‐Seo , Jhun Jong‐Ghap , Kwon MinHo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe analysed anomalous large‐scale atmospheric circulations during springtime droughts that occurred over northeast Asia between 1960 and 2005. The Palmer drought severity index was used in order to define drought years. Anomalies with regard to the intensity of the Western North Pacific subtropical high, the position of the East Asian jet (EAJ), and the sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the Pacific Ocean during drought years are apparent. In drought years, the anomalous circulation over northeast Asia weakens the northward flow from the Western Pacific. In addition, the position of the EAJ maximum core is shifted southward, and this assertion is supported by EAJ‐index analysis. Therefore, the rainfall band is moved southward, and the associated precipitation is suppressed over Korea, Japan, and Southeast China during spring droughts. The warm SST anomalies and negative outgoing longwave radiation anomalies, which consist of a north–south dipole pattern between the Philippines and the northeast Asian region, support these dry conditions through Hadley circulation. The anomalous warm SSTs in the Western Pacific seem to play an important role in the atmospheric circulation associated with northeast Asian droughts. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
In vitro gas production profiles and fermentation end‐products in processed barley, maize and milo
Authors: Azarfar Arash , Namgay Kuenga , Pellikaan Wilbert F , Tamminga Seerp , van der Poel Antonius FB 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: An experiment was carried out to establish whether using a pre‐compacting device (expander) changes the contribution of dry matter (DM) and degradative behaviour of grains of barley, maize and milo pre‐processed by grinding over the different DM fractions (non‐washable (NWF), insoluble washable (ISWF) and soluble washable (SWF) fractions). Samples of the entire concentrate ingredients (WHO ingredients) and their different fractions (NWF, ISWF and SWF) were subjected to three processes (Retsch‐milled (R), expander‐treated (E) and expander‐pelleted (EP) samples) and their fermentation characteristics were evaluated using an in vitro gas production technique.RESULTS: The E process increased the size of the NWF and decreased that of the SWF compared with the R process. The ISWF of R samples was very rich in starch. The maximum fractional rate of substrate degradation and maximum rate of gas production were higher in EP samples than in R samples (P < 0.05). In maize and milo the E and EP processes shifted the pattern of fermentation towards a more glucogenic fermentation, as represented by a lower non‐glucogenic/glucogenic ratio (NGR). In all grains the ammonia concentration (NH3‐N) and branched chain ratio (BCR) of E and EP samples were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than those of R samples.CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the E and EP processes have the potential to synchronise the fermentation of dietary proteins and carbohydrates and shift the pattern of fermentation towards a more glucogenic fermentation. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry