bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omega Knowledge Matters
Authors: Goldstein Simon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter argues that omega knowledge is necessary for rational assertion and action. One argument relies on the infelicity of dubious assertions, sentences of the form p and I don’t know that I know that p. These are best explained through the norm that you should assert p only if you omega know p. Another argument relies on the Norm Iteration principle: if you are permitted to A only if p, then you are permitted to A only if you know p. This principle implies that permissible action requires omega knowledge. The chapter surveys arguments against the KK principle (that if you know p, then you know that you know p). The chapter also introduces various principles governing justified belief, for example that you are justified in believing p iff for all you know, you omega know p.
An account of rational inquiry
Authors: Thorstad David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter develops a reason-responsive consequentialist view (RRCV) of rational inquiry as a special case of a more general global consequentialist program. As a theory of rightness, global consequentialism holds that we ought to do what is best and that what is best is to promote value. Global consequentialism has been defended not only as an account of rightness, but also as an account of many other normative statuses such as rationality and virtue. I develop a reason-responsiveness conception of rationality and use the reason-responsiveness conception to extend global consequentialism into an account of rational agency. As a special case of this account, we recover a reason-responsive consequentialist account of rational inquiry.
The Standard Picture revisited
Authors: Thorstad David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter takes a second look at the relationship between bounded rationality and the Standard Picture. I show how the reason-responsive consequentialist view charts a third way between the two reactions to Standard Picture violations outlined in Chapter 1. This third way leaves the Standard Picture largely intact as a theory of rational attitudes while rejecting the Standard Picture as a guide to rational inquiry. A natural objection is that this approach is too concessive to the Standard Picture because it makes cognitive bounds less relevant to the rationality of attitudes. I argue that my concessive approach is needed to avoid two revisionary consequences: that most traditional attitudinal norms are false, and that all attitudinal norms are normatively non-fundamental.
Approaching Psychopathology from a Psychophysiological Perspective
Authors: Hedges Dawson , Steffen Patrick R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Traditional diagnostic approaches in psychopathology such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) emphasize a categorical approach that is inadequate to fully conceptualize psychopathology and therefore has limited ability to fully capture diagnosis and inform treatment. Psychophysiological methods, which use a dimensional approach in measurement, provide a stronger foundation for diagnosis and treatment in mental health than do categorical diagnostic methods. Two alternatives to the DSM, the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) and the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), provide excellent frameworks for conceptualizing psychopathology from a psychophysiological perspective. Moving diagnosis from the traditional categorically based approach, exemplified by the DSM beginning in 1952, to diagnostic schemes that incorporate a dimensional approach emphasizing a holistic view of health and illness has the potential to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional categorical approaches to diagnosis in mental health allowing for more specificity in diagnosis and treatment.
Breathing, Heart Rate Variability, and Their Application in Psychotherapy
Authors: Khazan Inna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Breathing practice is one of the most frequently used interventions in psychotherapy practice. It is generally intuitive to teach, and often works well to alleviate suffering in the moment. However, because of its intuitiveness and ease of use, breath training can fall victim to common misconceptions about breathing and, in some cases, actually increase rather than alleviate distress. In addition, not all breath practices commonly in use are based in empirical research. This chapter will provide readers with a clear understanding of relevant respiratory physiology to enable proper teaching of healthy breathing, and a practical step-by-step guide to powerful heart rate variability training—a way to train self-regulation and resilience, and to improve physical and mental health.
Introduction
Authors: Rozin Orit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
How did Israelis grapple with the emotional complexities of residing in a state tasked with providing existential security to the Jewish people and ensuring the safety of its populace, in the face of considerable challenges. Rooted in the ethos of the Labor movement during the Mandate era, a set of normative emotions emerged as the cornerstone of Israel’s emotional regime. In shaping these norms, the political elite drew inspiration from narratives of heroism of the Spanish Civil War and the unwavering resolve demonstrated by civilians in Britain and the Soviet Union during World War II. These normative emotions, coupled with official rituals and practices designed to instil them in the public, were meant to assuage fear, foster readiness, nurture a moral compass, and cultivate a collective sense of purpose, belonging, and solidarity in the face of adversity.
The Enemy Within
Authors: Rozin Orit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Up until 1966, most of Israel’s Palestinian Arab citizens lived under military government, and their feelings toward the Jewish state and the Jewish majority were the subject of intensive surveillance by the Israeli security services. Feelings of hostility and hatred, or their opposite, loyalty and acquiescence, were considered indicative of their intentions. Toward the end of the 1950s, restrictions were lifted gradually, and Palestinian Israelis were incorporated into the Israeli economy. As many workers now resided, at least during the work week, in the cities where they were employed, they aroused feelings of intimidation and suspicion. In response, policy makers sought to construct a “safe inside” in order to enable Israelis to face a “hostile outside.” They depicted most Arab citizens as loyal to the state, especially on the eve of the 1967 War. Nevertheless, a feeling of suspicion persisted.
The Sorrowful Second Best
Authors: Besharov Gregory 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter drops the assumption of the previous chapters that everything can be known. It considers people who have private information, asks how mechanisms can be used to obtain that information, and discusses the limitations on doing so. From the second-best perspective, the elimination or creation of any single source of market failure has ambiguous welfare consequences. With information limited, so that one does not know the full assortment of market failures or their sizes, judging what to include in a model is a subjective decision that requires context-specific knowledge. With the inefficient outcomes that result, efficiency and equity are no longer separate, and claims about resource allocation depend unavoidably on ethical considerations.
Prohibited Markets
Authors: Besharov Gregory 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
What would a microeconomic analysis conclude about chattel slavery? This chapter considers ways that moral considerations enter judgments about the use of markets, from the taboo trade-offs in their use to their effects on social institutions that support economic activity and human rights. The creation of markets in kidneys from live donors is used as an example because analyses have found large gains from their creation. The issues that arise in the analyses demonstrate the need for case-based reasoning reliant not only on general principles but also on moral judgments that are socially and culturally determined.
A Case for the Ethical Screening of Political Leaders
Authors: Ziliotti Elena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The chapter reconceptualizes the idea of meritocratic screenings. It maintains that if ethical screenings were applied to the intra-party selection of future political leaders, they could enhance the quality of political leaders in democratic societies. Intra-party ethical screenings do not oppose mechanisms of intra-party democracy. Instead, they compensate for some of the shortcomings of intra-party aggregative and deliberative democracy practices. They also present a compelling means for Confucian democrats to demonstrate that democracy provides the optimal sociopolitical framework for realizing the Confucian ideal of virtuous governance under the circumstances of modern politics. The chapter proposes to realize meritocratic democracy by establishing partisan juries. These juries will assess the future political leaders’ ethical fit for the position. Their deliberation will be facilitated by trained moderators and supported by experts’ opinions and character witnesses’ interviews.
Objections to Intra-Party Ethical Screenings
Authors: Ziliotti Elena 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter addresses potential criticisms of the model of intra-party ethical screenings. It elucidates why the theory offered in this book is an example of ‘meritocratic democracy’, rather than ‘democratic meritocracy’; illustrates the advantages of ethical screenings over party competition and ethical guides; discusses the Singapore case of the People Action Party’s recruitment system of future party leaders to prove that ethical screenings are already part of some intra-party selection processes. Finally, it addresses the criticism that Daniel A. Bell has raised against Sun Yat-sen’s idea of meritocratic preselections of leaders in a democracy and elucidates the differences between meritocratic democracy and Sun Yat-sen’s proposal.
Subnational Government Borrowing in India
Authors: Dwivedi Hari Krishna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter focuses on various aspects of subnational government (SNG) borrowing in India. This involves exploring why SNGs borrow, the sources of borrowing, the operational arrangement for subnational debt, and the various controls on subnational borrowing. The Fiscal Responsibility and Budgetary Management Act (FRBMA) regime has evolved to be one of the most important mechanisms for controlling subnational borrowing in India. However, there are limitations and challenges with the existing regime which the chapter discusses. The chapter also takes on the question of whether the existing fiscal controls in general are adequate to ensure debt sustainability at the subnational level.
Introduction
Authors: Hendry John 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter sets the scene for the growth of the women’s movement by reviewing the social, political, and cultural context of the ‘long 1860s’, with particular reference to the values, norms, and lifestyles of the educated upper middle classes. It summarizes the position of women in society, including their legal, political, and more general social disabilities: their exclusion from voting and public office, the principle of coverture, the sexual double standard, discrimination in education and work, etc. The logic underlying society’s treatment of women at this time is explored through an analysis of the response by the conservative writer Margaret Oliphant to an unsuccessful attempt in the 1850s to change the law on married women’s property. In tune with society more generally, Oliphant emphasized the importance of social stability and harmony, and of moral duties and virtues over legal formalities.
Institutions of Engagement and Debate
Authors: Hendry John 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the origins of an organized women’s movement in the late 1850s and the changes in the institutional and intellectual context at this time that enabled it to gain a presence. It covers the pioneering work of Barbara Leigh Smith (later Bodichon) and Bessie Rayner Parkes, their emphasis on women’s work, and their creation of the English Woman’s Journal, Society for the Promotion of Employment for Women, and Victoria Press. This was the first organized women’s movement in Britain. At the same time the foundation of Lord Brougham’s Social Science Association, which admitted women on equal terms, provided them for the first time with a public forum in which to speak and debate. The other critical element of this institutional context was the print culture of weekly, monthly, and quarterly periodicals, increasingly liberal in tone and increasingly dominated, on the liberal side, by ‘broad church’ Anglican intellectuals.
Towards the Higher Education of Women
Authors: Hendry John 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter picks up on Davies’s campaign for improved female education, beginning with an account of her seminal work, The Higher Education of Women, and its reception, paying particular attention to her ongoing dialogue with Richard Holt Hutton, editor of the Spectator. It traces the origins of her decision, in 1866, to set up herself a university-level women’s college modelled on the Cambridge colleges. This was to be a strange affair, strictly following Cambridge rules of religious affiliation, residence and examination, with students required to sit the same papers within the same time scale as the male undergraduates, while sitting in the countryside between Cambridge and London. The chapter explores how her experience of discord in the suffrage context pushed her to insist on doing things completely her own way, spurning advice and creating unresolved differences with the Cambridge reformers and others who should have been her main supporters.
Introduction
Authors: Chaudhry Faisal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This introduction provides a summary and overview of the key arguments, the method, and chapter contents of the book. Starting with a discussion of the inciting curiosity motivating the book, it also touches on some of the key areas of existing scholarship—relating to South Asia, law and history, and socio-legal theory—that underpin the overarching problem it addresses. The second half of the introduction goes on to provide a detailed summary of the book’s nine chapters while also touching, albeit fleetingly, on connections and reverberations for the law and its rule in today’s subcontinent.
Holding the state together
Authors: Mitra Subrata K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
What holds India together? The role of the civil service, army, and the paramilitary forces in defending territorial integrity and creating space for civilian rule, is rarely acknowledged in public discourse or in the Indian media. Instead, the power of containing centrifugal tendencies of regions and dissident groups together is attributed to a mystical process called ‘unity in diversity’. However, folk wisdom does not explain why this does not work always, and how departures from the norm are restored by the keepers of orderly rule, working just under the surface of India’s noisy democracy. This is the main theme of this chapter. It explains how the Ministry of Home Affairs seeks to contain fissiparous tendencies built into the federalizing process, and stem insurgencies through adroit use of instruments built into the constitution, and innovative processes of its own.
Ultima ratio regum
Authors: Mitra Subrata K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The relationship of force and legitimacy is complex, and a conundrum for democratic states. Is orderly rule the outcome of a social contract, with individuals freely choosing to set up an authoritative order? Or is the existence of order a precondition for people to be able to make their choices freely? I respond to this dilemma by pitching the case of India’s post-colonial within the framework of social contract theory. The chapter traces the relationship of force, orderly rule, and legitimacy through a discussion of paramilitary forces, intelligence gathering bodies and the coping strategies of the union government when faced with challenges to security and public order. Balancing orderly rule, security agencies, and accountability is a dynamic process. Multiple agencies with conflicting mandates generate a problem of coordination, leading to blind spots in the security nexus. The chapter explains how Home meets this challenge.
When Home Fails
Authors: Mitra Subrata K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The claim to robustness of India’s orderly, and democratic governance is punctuated by periodic eruptions of collective violence. This gives a touch of ambivalence to the image of the Ministry of Home Affairs as the sentinel of India. I unpack three cases of collective violence—demolition of the Babri Mosque; insurgency in Kashmir; and the challenge of left-wing-extremism—in this chapter, and analyse them in the context of their formation, agency, and their historical genealogy. Seen through this dissection, riots, insurgencies, and violent extremist movements emerge as visible tips of hidden structures, buried in history, collective memory, and cleavages of class, region, and religion. This helps assess the room to manoeuvre for effective intervention that the ministry actually has, and identify factors that limit its capacity to make governance stealthy, possible, cumulative, self-reinforcing, and sustainable.
A quality improvement evaluation of a standardized intervention for children with medical complexity transitioning to adult care
Authors: Esser Kayla , Adams Sherri , Chung Christopher , McKay Taylor , Moore Clara , Wagman Hayley , Lee Stephanie , Orkin Julia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Children with medical complexity have medical fragility, chronic disease, technology dependence, and high healthcare use. Their transition to adult health care at age 18 involves medical and social elements and follows no standardized process. Our goal was to improve transition readiness in children with medical complexity using a transition intervention within a Complex Care program. All children with medical complexity aged 14 to 18 were included in this quality improvement (QI) project (n = 54). We conducted a pre- and post-intervention chart review to assess transition outcomes and implemented a transition intervention for 6 months, which included an age-stratified checklist, charting template, and transition rounds. Before the intervention, 72% of 17- to 18-year-old patients had documented transition discussions, which increased to 86%. Patients with a family physician increased as well (61% to 73% for 17- to 18-year-olds). Three transition education rounds were held. The intervention increased transition readiness, provided tools to facilitate transition, and created a forum for conversation.
Action of the AxialU(1) Non-Invertible Symmetry on the ’t Hooft Line Operator: A Lattice Gauge Theory Study
Authors: Honda Yamato , Onoda Soma , Suzuki Hiroshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study how the symmetry operator of the axial $U(1)$ non-invertible symmetry acts on the ’t Hooft line operator in the $U(1)$ gauge theory by employing the modified Villain-type lattice formulation. We model the axial anomaly by a compact scalar boson, the “QED axion”. For the gauge invariance, the simple ’t Hooft line operator, which is defined by a line integral of the dual $U(1)$ gauge potential, must be “dressed” by the scalar and $U(1)$ gauge fields. A careful consideration on the basis of the anomalous Ward–Takahashi identity containing the ’t Hooft operator with the dressing factor and a precise definition of the symmetry operator on the lattice shows that the symmetry operator leaves no effect when it sweeps out a ’t Hooft loop operator. This result appears inequivalent with the phenomenon concluded in the continuum theory. In an appendix, we demonstrate that the half-space gauging of the magnetic $\mathbb {Z}_N$ 1-form symmetry, when formulated in an appropriate lattice framework, leads to the same conclusion as above. A similar result is obtained for the axion string operator.
Anisotropic Einstein Universes with a Global Magnetic Field and Sasakian Quasi-Killing Spinors
Authors: Matsuno Satsuki , Ueno Fumihiro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We consider an Einstein–Dirac–Maxwell system with two charged massless spinors coupled with an electromagnetic field, and construct a family of exact solutions to the system. The solution spacetime is an anisotropic generalization of the static Einstein universe which has a global cosmic magnetic field generated by the current of the spinors. The magnetic field is a force-free field that has played an important role in the study of cosmic magnetic fields. Our exact solution is regarded as a toy model which describes global cosmic magnetic phenomena in the early universe. The spinors are induced from Sasakian quasi-Killing spinors, and the total Dirac current flows along fibers of the Hopf-fibration. The magnetic field is a contact magnetic field.
Spacecraft potential effects on low-energy ion measurements to be made by probe B1 of Comet Interceptor
Authors: Bergman S , Kasahara S , Stenberg Wieser G 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Spacecraft charging causes notorious issues for low-energy plasma measurements. The charged particles are accelerated towards or repelled from the spacecraft surface, affecting both their energy and travel direction. The latter results in a distortion of the effective field of view (FOV) of the instrument making the measurements. The Comet Interceptor mission, planned to be launched in 2029, will make a flyby of a long-period or interstellar comet that ideally is dynamically new. The mission comprises one main spacecraft A, developed by the European Space Agency (ESA), and two sub-probes B1 and B2, developed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency and ESA, respectively. The low-energy plasma measurements made by Comet Interceptor will likely be affected by the spacecraft potential in the case of low relative flyby velocities. On probe B1, the Cometary Ion Mass Spectrometer (CIMS) of the Plasma Suite is an ion mass spectrometer, capable of measuring ions with energies down to 10 eV/q. In this work, we use the Spacecraft Plasma Interaction Software to study the influence of the spacecraft potential on the low-energy ion measurements to be made by CIMS in the inner cometary magnetosphere. The results show that the effective FOV of CIMS is distorted at low energies when the flyby velocity is low. The distortion level is highly geometry dependent, and the largest distortions are caused by the magnetometer boom. Furthermore, the results show that cold ions with bulk velocities in the range 1–10 km s−1, flowing both radially away from and inward towards the nucleus, are detectable by the instrument considering the nominal observation geometry.