bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fear of childbirth among pregnant women: A concept analysis
Authors: Chen Chunning , Hussein Siti Zuhaida Binti , Nasri Noor Wahidah Mohd , Yao Jiasi , Qin Yanyue , Zhao Ziteng , Zuo Ke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo clarify the concept of fear of childbirth among pregnant women and to examine its current measure tools.BackgroundFear of childbirth is a psychological symptom, prevalent among pregnant women, which negatively impacts women's health and well‐being. It has become an increasingly concerning issue in perinatal mental health. However, due to its poor conceptualization, it presents difficulty in conducting reliable assessments and identifying risk factors.MethodsThe Walker and Avant approach to concept analysis guided this review. Six bibliographic databases were systematically searched for published research from their inception date to May 2023. Additional records were identified by manually searching the reference lists of relevant studies. Quantitative and qualitative studies investigating fear of childbirth in pregnant women were included.ResultsThree critical attributes have been identified: cognitive impairments, affective disorders and somatic symptoms. Antecedents include perceived a real or anticipated threat of pregnancy or its outcomes, low perceived self‐coping ability and unmet social support needs. Consequences include processing and avoiding behaviours. This study also identified the dimensions of fear of childbirth, including 6 primary categories and 14 subcategories. The content of five scales was analysed and none covered all domains.ConclusionsThe current analysis provides healthcare providers with a more comprehensive framework to assess and identify fear of childbirth. Further research is needed to develop a suitable instrument that covers all the attributes and dimensions of this concept and assesses its severity.ImpactThis conceptual analysis provides a comprehensive insight into the phenomenon of fear of childbirth. This will help family members, healthcare providers and policymakers to identify the psychological needs of pregnant women and improve the quality of antenatal care.Patient or Public ContributionNot applicable as no new data were generated.
The role of evidence‐based practice and empathy in shared decision‐making attitudes among newly graduated nurses: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: An Xin , Zhang Dan , Wang Qiushuang , Shi Xinhui , Wang Mengdi , Wang Yingzhe , Ma Jinghua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimExamine the levels of variables and explore drivers associated with shared decision‐making attitudes among newly graduated nurses.DesignThis was a descriptive and cross‐sectional study.MethodsFrom August 2022 to October 2022, a cross‐section of 216 newly graduated nurses from four comprehensive A‐level hospitals in northern China was recruited using convenience sampling. Newly graduated nurses are generally defined as nurses with a service period of six months to one year. Data were collected using an online questionnaire support platform, including the Nursing Shared Decision‐Making Attitude scale, Jefferson scale of Empathy‐Health profession students and the Health Sciences Evidence‐Based Practice questionnaire. All data were analysed descriptively, and correlational analysis and hierarchical regression were used to make identical connections between variables.ResultsNewly graduated nurses supported shared decision‐making. Perceptions of shared decision‐making were correlated with the experiences of empathy and evidence‐based practice. Additionally, perspective‐taking of empathy and beliefs, and the ability to search for and apply existing scientific findings of evidence‐based practice had a significant impact on more positive attitudes.ConclusionThe survey showed that acceptance of shared decision‐making was positive among newly graduated nurses. Clinical nursing managers and teachers should pay attention to cultivating the evidence‐based practice and empathy of newly graduated nurses to adopt an optimistic attitude towards shared decision‐making in the long term.ImpactThe survey addresses attitudes of shared decision‐making among newly graduated nurses and determines whether empathy and evidence‐based practice has an impact on it. The main finding is that newly graduated nurses have an optimistic outlook on the implementation of shared decision‐making. This survey showed that empathy and evidence‐based practice competencies are associated with shared decision‐making attitudes among newly graduated nurses. The results of this survey have an impact on educational institutions and hospitals in the form of recommendations. Several training programmes on empathy and evidence‐based practice can help adopt the shared decision‐making attitudes of newly graduated nurses.Patient or public contributionNo patient or public contribution.
Plateau‐linear reaction norm model analysis of number born alive in purebred Landrace pigs using meteorological data in Japan
Authors: Ogawa Shinichiro , Okamura Toshihiro , Fukuzawa Yo , Nishio Motohide , Ishii Kazuo , Kimata Makoto , Tomiyama Masamitsu , Satoh Masahiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe performed a plateau‐linear reaction norm model (RNM) analysis of number born alive (NBA) in purebred Landrace pigs, where breeding value changes according to maximum temperature at mating day, using public meteorological observation data in Japan. We analysed 52,668 NBA records obtained from 10,320 Landrace sows. Pedigree data contained 99,201 animals. Off‐farm daily temperature data at the nearest weather station from each of the farms were downloaded from the Japan Meteorological Agency website. A plateau‐linear RNM analysis based on daily maximum temperature on mating day (threshold temperature of 16.6°C) was performed. The percentage of the records with daily maximum temperatures at mating days of ≤16.6, ≥25.0, ≥30.0 and ≥35.0°C were 34.3%, 33.6%, 14.0% and 0.8%, respectively. The value of Akaike's information criterion for the plateau‐linear RNM was lower than that for a simple repeatability model (RM). With the plateau‐linear RNM, estimated value of heritability ranged from 0.14 to 0.15, while that from the RM analysis was 0.15. Additive genetic correlation between intercept and slope terms was estimated to be −0.52 from the plateau‐linear RNM analysis. Estimated additive genetic correlations were >0.9 between NBA at different temperatures ranging from 16.6 to 37.6°C. For the 10,320 sows, average values of prediction reliability of the intercept and slope terms for breeding values in the plateau‐linear RNM were 0.47 and 0.16, respectively. Increasing weight for slope term in linear selection index could bring positive genetic gain in the slope part, but prediction accuracy would decrease. Our results imply that genetically improving heat tolerance in sows reared in Japan focusing on NBA using RNM is possible, while RNM is more complex to implement and interpret. Therefore, further study should be encouraged to make genetic improvement for heat tolerance in sows more efficient.
The world's longest lasting VVI pacemaker device for over 40 years
Authors: Papasteriadis Evangelos , Margos Nikolaos Panagiotis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionImplantable permanent pacemaker function is supported by their energy sources for a mean period of 8.8–12.4 years. We previously published this case of a patient with a normally functioning VVI pacemaker, 31 years after implantation.Methods and ResultsIn this report, we state that the device is still functioning normally 40 years after implantation. The most recent device interrogation revealed pacing threshold of 0.9 V/0.5 ms. Holter monitoring for 24 hours recorded a total of 98.707 beats with 97.78% paced beats, without any indication of pacemaker malfunction and with stable heart rate at 70–71 bpm.ConclusionMost patients with implantable devices have the appropriate follow‐up and settings of low energy consumption. Manufacturing companies should focus on prolonging device longevity, to produce future devices with higher energy capacity.
Polarized M2 macrophages induced by glycosylated nano‐hydroxyapatites activate bone regeneration in periodontitis therapy
Authors: Qiao Dan , Cheng Shuyu , Song Shiyuan , Zhang Wen , Chen Bin , Yan Fuhua , Zhang Yangheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the association between periodontal macrophage polarization states and the alveolar bone levels, and to assess whether glycosylated nano‐hydroxyapatites (GHANPs) could improve bone regeneration in periodontitis by inducing macrophage M2 polarization.Materials and MethodsThe change of macrophage polarization state in inflammatory periodontal tissues (with bone loss) was examined using clinical gingival samples. The relationship between macrophage phenotype and bone level in periodontal bone loss and repair was evaluated using a mouse periodontitis model. The effect of GHANPs on macrophage polarization was assessed by the in vitro model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated inflammation. The polarization‐related markers were detected by immunofluorescence staining, real‐time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis. The therapeutic effect of GHANPs on alveolar bone loss was explored in experimental periodontitis by histological staining and micro‐CT analysis.ResultsA lower macrophage M2/M1 ratio was observed in periodontitis‐affected human gingival tissues. The results of animal experiments demonstrated a positive correlation between a lower Arg‐1/iNOS ratio and accelerated alveolar bone loss; also, the proportion of Arg‐1‐positive macrophages increased during bone repair and regeneration. The administration of GHANPs partially restored M2 macrophage polarization after LPS stimulation. GHANPs increased alveolar bone repair and regeneration in experimental periodontitis induced by ligation, potentially related to their macrophage M2 transition regulation.ConclusionsThe findings of this study indicate that the induction of macrophage M2 polarization can be considered a viable approach for enhancing inflammatory bone repair. Additionally, GHANPs show potential in the clinical treatment of periodontitis.
Health, behavior, and social outcomes among offspring of parents with criminal convictions: a register‐based study from Sweden
Authors: Järvinen Aurora , Lichtenstein Paul , D'Onofrio Brian M. , Fazel Seena , Kuja‐Halkola Ralf , Latvala Antti 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThere is currently insufficient understanding of the health and behavior of children whose parents engage in criminal behavior. We examined associations between parental criminal convictions and wide range of offspring health, behavioral, and social outcomes by age 18 in a large, national sample, aiming to get a comprehensive picture of the risks among children of offending parents.MethodsWe studied 1,013,385 individuals born in Sweden between 1987 and 1995, and their parents. Using data from several longitudinal nationwide registers, we investigated parental convictions and 85 offspring outcomes until the end of 2013, grouped into birth‐related conditions, psychiatric and somatic disorders, accidents and injuries, mortality, school achievement, violent victimization, and criminality. Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression models were used to examine the associations. The role of genetic factors in intergenerational associations was studied in children‐of‐siblings analyses. We also examined the co‐occurrence of multiple outcomes using Poisson regression.ResultsA total of 223,319 (22.0%) individuals had one parent convicted and 31,241 (3.1%) had both parents convicted during the first 18 years of their life. The strongest associations were found between parental convictions and offspring behavioral problems, substance use disorders, poor school achievement, violent victimization, and criminality, with an approximately 2 to 2.5‐fold increased risk in children with one convicted parent and 3‐ to 4‐fold increased risk in children with two convicted parents. The risks were particularly elevated among children of incarcerated parents with a history of violent convictions. The associations appeared to be at least partly explained by genetic influences. Parental convictions were also associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing multiple outcomes.ConclusionsOur findings help to calibrate the risks of a wide range of adverse outcomes associated with parental convictions and may be used to guide prevention efforts and identify key areas for future research.
Does Timed Testing Affect the Interpretation of Efficiency Scores?—A GLMM Analysis of Reading Components
Authors: Goldhammer Frank , Kroehne Ulf , Hahnel Carolin , Naumann Johannes , De Boeck Paul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of cognitive component skills is typically assessed with speeded performance tests. Interpreting only effective ability or effective speed as efficiency may be challenging because of the within‐person dependency between both variables (speed‐ability tradeoff, SAT). The present study measures efficiency as effective ability conditional on speed by controlling speed experimentally. Item‐level time limits control the stimulus presentation time and the time window for responding (timed condition). The overall goal was to examine the construct validity of effective ability scores obtained from untimed and timed condition by comparing the effects of theory‐based item properties on item difficulty. If such effects exist, the scores reflect how well the test‐takers were able to cope with the theory‐based requirements. A German subsample from PISA 2012 completed two reading component skills tasks (i.e., word recognition and semantic integration) with and without item‐level time limits. Overall, the included linguistic item properties showed stronger effects on item difficulty in the timed than the untimed condition. In the semantic integration task, item properties explained the time required in the untimed condition. The results suggest that effective ability scores in the timed condition better reflect how well test‐takers were able to cope with the theoretically relevant task demands.
Key stakeholders' perspectives on the development of an early dietary phosphate self‐management strategy for children and young people with chronic kidney disease stages 1–3: A modified Delphi consensus process
Authors: Pugh Pearl , Hemingway Pippa , Christian Martin , Higginbottom Gina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAn early dietary phosphate intervention (EPI) can provide vital medical benefits supporting self‐management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in childhood.ObjectiveTo utilise expert consensus to provide early modelling for an EPI to guide clinical practice across a paediatric renal network.MethodsForty‐eight statements across six domains were constructed following a systematic review and semi‐structured interviews with children and young people (CYP), parents and healthcare professionals (HCP). A three‐round online Delphi survey with parents and paediatric renal multi‐disciplinary healthcare experts was undertaken.ResultsTwenty‐one experts agreed on 56 statements over three Delphi rounds. Statements were accepted in all six domains: definition of an EPI (2), rationale (12), intended users (3), delivery (14) (when [1], where [3], who [2], how [8]), other considerations (16) and potential concerns (9).ConclusionsConsensus was reached on a definition and a set of guiding principles, providing some early modelling for implementation and future research on the development of an EPI strategy for CYP with CKD.
Risk factors and lipid metabolism characteristics of early‐onset male androgenetic alopecia: A pilot study
Authors: Wang Shuqin , Xu Senmao , Wang Sui , Fang Wenhao , Shi Wanrong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMale androgenetic alopecia (MAA) is a multifactorial disease, with patients presenting at a younger age, which is a risk factor for many metabolic diseases.AimsTo explore the risk factors associated with early‐onset of MAA and its metabolic characteristics.MethodsForty patients with MAA and 45 healthy controls were collected. The serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), total testosterone (TT), uric acid (UA), and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) were measured. Meanwhile, lipid metabolites were detected by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS).Results37.50% MAA patients had metabolic syndrome, compared to 17.78% in control group (p < 0.05). The levels of HDL‐C, UA, and 25(OH)D were decreased in patients with MAA compared to healthy controls (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the level of TT between the two groups. Additionally, there were no significant differences in the levels of HDL‐C, UA, 25(OH)D, and TT among different grades of hair loss (p > 0.05). The lipid profile of early‐onset MAA differed significantly from healthy controls. In early‐onset MAA, the levels of ceramide (Cer) and sphingomyelin (SM) were significantly lower. Cer(d38:5) and TG(15:0/18:1/18:1) may be the biomarkers.ConclusionLow HDL‐C, UA, and 25(OH)D may be the independent risk factors for early‐onset MAA. Abnormal lipid metabolism was observed in early‐onset MAA, wherein Cer and SM may serve as protective factors.
MASLD and MASH at the crossroads of hepatology trials and cardiorenal metabolic trials
Authors: Zannad Faiez , Sanyal Arun J. , Butler Javed , Ferreira João Pedro , Girerd Nicolas , Miller Veronica , Pandey Ambarish , Parikh Chirag R. , Ratziu Vlad , Younossi Zobair M. , Harrison Stephen A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSteatotic liver disease (SLD) is a worldwide public health problem, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Patients with SLD are at increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. Conversely, patients with cardiometabolic conditions have a high prevalence of SLD. In addition to epidemiological evidence linking many of these conditions, there is evidence of shared pathophysiological processes. In December 2022, a unique multi‐stakeholder, multi‐specialty meeting, called MOSAIC (Metabolic multi Organ Science Accelerating Innovation in Clinical Trials) was convened to foster collaboration across metabolic, hepatology, nephrology and CV disorders. One of the goals of the meeting was to consider approaches to drug development that would speed regulatory approval of treatments for multiple disorders by combining liver and cardiorenal endpoints within a single study. Non‐invasive tests, including biomarkers and imaging, are needed in hepatic and cardiorenal trials. They can be used as trial endpoints, to enrich trial populations, to diagnose and risk stratify patients and to assess treatment efficacy and safety. Although they are used in proof of concept and phase 2 trials, they are often not acceptable for regulatory approval of therapies. The challenge is defining the optimal combination of biomarkers, imaging and morbidity/mortality outcomes and ensuring that they are included in future trials while minimizing the burden on patients, trialists and trial sponsors. This paper provides an overview of some of the wide array of CV, liver and kidney measurements that were discussed at the MOSAIC meeting.
Effects of mechanical loading on matrix homeostasis and differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells: A scoping review
Authors: Pakpahan Novena Dameria , Kyawsoewin Maythwe , Manokawinchoke Jeeranan , Termkwancharoen Chutimon , Egusa Hiroshi , Limraksasin Phoonsuk , Osathanon Thanaphum 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVarious mechanical loadings, including mechanical stress, orthodontics forces, and masticatory force, affect the functions of periodontal ligament cells. Regulation of periodontal tissue destruction, formation, and differentiation functions are crucial processes for periodontal regeneration therapy. Numerous studies have reported that different types of mechanical loading play a role in maintaining periodontal tissue matrix homeostasis, and osteogenic differentiation of the periodontal ligament cells. This scoping review aims to evaluate the studies regarding the effects of various mechanical loadings on the secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, regulation of the balance between formation and destruction of periodontal tissue matrix, osteogenic differentiation, and multiple differentiation functions of the periodontal ligament. An electronic search for this review has been conducted on two databases; MEDLINE via PubMed and SCOPUS. Study selection criteria included original research written in English that reported the effects of different mechanical loadings on matrix homeostasis and differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells. The final 204 articles were mainly included in the present scoping review. Mechanical forces of the appropriate magnitude, duration, and pattern have a positive influence on the secretion of ECM components such as collagen, as well as regulate the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. Additionally, these forces regulate a balance between osteoblastic and osteoclast differentiation. Conversely, incorrect mechanical loadings can lead to abnormal formation and destruction of both soft and hard tissue. This review provides additional insight into how mechanical loadings impact ECM homeostasis and multiple differentiation functions of periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs), thus making it valuable for regenerative periodontal treatment. In combination with advancing technologies, the utilization of ECM components, application of different aspects of mechanical force, and differentiation potential of PDLCs could bring potential benefits to future periodontal regeneration therapy.
A knot of hybrids: Differentiating Asian knotweeds in North‐Eastern France using genetic, cytological, and morphological data
Authors: Jugieau Enzo , Talmot Victor , Staentzel Cybill , Noir Sandra , Hardion Laurent 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe two invasive Reynoutria species, Reynoutria japonica var. japonica and Reynoutria sachalinensis, and their hybrid Reynoutria x bohemica are often misidentified by managers and nonspecialists. The taxonomic confusions are all the more exacerbated by the infraspecific variability of introduced populations in terms of morphology, genetic diversity, and ploidy level. We resolved the identity of North‐Eastern French invasive populations using 4582 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from a RADseq analysis, DNA contents estimated by flow cytometry, and 12 vegetative morphometric variables. The SNPs supported only one single genotype for R. japonica over 11 localities, while the nine localities of Reynoutria x bohemica were represented by one genotype each. Estimation of genome size using DAPI staining and flow cytometry revealed only octoploid cytotypes for R. japonica and hexaploid cytotypes for R. x bohemica, whereas R. sachalinensis was represented by tetraploid and hexaploid cytotypes. Among morphometric variables, no single one allows for a clear differentiation of the three taxa. We propose a combination of characters to easily and quickly identify these three invasive taxa based on six vegetative criteria including leaf and apex length, as well as leaf shape, leaf base, and apex shape, and the extrafloral nectaries on the node.