bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ZOom Delivered Intervention Against Cognitive decline (ZODIAC) COVID-19 pandemic adaptations to the Post-Ischaemic Stroke Cardiovascular Exercise Study (PISCES): protocol for a randomised controlled trial of remotely delivered fitness training for brain health
Authors: Brodtmann Amy , Billett Alex , Telfer Rachael , Adkins Kim , White Laura , McCambridge Laura J. E. , Burrell Louise M. , Thijs Vincent , Kramer Sharon , Werden Emilio , Cardoso Barbara R. , Pase Matthew , Hung Stanley Hughwa , Churilov Leonid , Bernhardt Julie , Hayward Kathryn , Johnson Liam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroke increases subsequent dementia risk yet there are no specific post-stroke therapies to protect cognition. Cardiorespiratory exercise is recommended for secondary prevention of stroke and may be neuroprotective. The Post Ischaemic Stroke Cardiovascular Exercise Study (PISCES) aims to reduce post-stroke secondary neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. During the pandemic, we pivoted to a ZOom Delivered Intervention Against Cognitive decline (ZODIAC) protocol, reducing pandemic-amplified barriers to exercise.

Methods
We present pandemic adaptions for a multicentre phase IIb assessor-blinded randomised controlled trial of ischaemic stroke survivors testing the efficacy and feasibility of an 8-week home-based exercise intervention delivered at 2 months post-stroke. We compare cardiorespiratory exercise (intervention arm) versus balance and stretching (active control arm). Participants are assessed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fitness, blood, microbiome, and neuropsychological tests at three study visits: before and after the exercise intervention and at 12 months. Modifications to the original protocol include pre-exercise safety home visits, commercial delivery of exercise equipment to facilitate assessor blinding, and reconsideration of statistical plan to allow pooling of the studies. We have reduced in-person study visits from 27 to 3. Primary outcome remains between-group (intervention versus control) difference in brain volume change; secondary outcome is between-group difference in global cognitive ability to allow remote administration of a validated cognitive scale.

Discussion
Remotely delivered exercise interventions reduce participant burden and may reduce barriers to recruitment. A decrease in the number of in-person study visits can be supported by greater information capture via self-reported questionnaires and phone surveys.

Trial registration
Prospectively ACTRN12616000942459. Registered on July 2016.
Duloxetine and cognitive behavioral therapy with phone-based support for the treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain: study protocol of the PRECICE randomized control trial
Authors: Ang Dennis C. , Davuluri Swetha , Kaplan Sebastian , Keefe Francis , Rini Christine , Miles Christopher , Chen Haiying 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) is the most common, disabling, and costly of all pain conditions. While evidence exists for the efficacy of both duloxetine and web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as monotherapy, there is a clear need to consider study of treatment components that may complement each other. In addition, given the reported association between patient’s adherence and treatment outcomes, strategies are needed to enhance participant’s motivation to adopt and maintain continued use of newly learned pain coping skills from CBT.

Methods
Two hundred eighty participants will be recruited from the primary care clinics of a large academic health care system in North Carolina. Participants with CMP will be randomized to one of three treatment arms: (1) combination treatment (duloxetine + web-based self-guided CBT) with phone-based motivational interviewing (MI), (2) combination treatment without phone-based MI, and (3) duloxetine monotherapy. Participants will be in the study for 24 weeks and will be assessed at baseline, week 13, and week 25. The primary outcome is the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI)-Global Pain Severity score, which combines BPI pain severity and BPI pain interference. Secondary measures include between-group comparisons in mean BPI pain severity and BPI pain interference scores. Data collection and outcome assessment will be blinded to treatment group assignment.

Discussion
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will determine if combination treatment with duloxetine and web-based CBT is superior to duloxetine monotherapy for the management of CMP. Furthermore, this RCT will determine the effectiveness of phone-based motivational interviewing in promoting the continued practice of pain coping skills, thereby enhancing treatment outcomes.

Trial registration
NCT04395001 ClinicalTrials.gov. Registered on May 15, 2020.
Detection of two synchronous histologically different renal cell carcinoma subtypes in the same kidney: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Sakr Mohamed , Badran Merhan , Hassan Sarah Ahmed , Elsaqa Mohamed , Elwany Mohamed Anwar , Deeb Nevine M. F. El , Sharafeldeen Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the dominant primary renal malignant neoplasm, encompassing a significant portion of renal tumors. The presence of synchronous yet histologically distinct ipsilateral RCCs, however, is an exceptionally uncommon phenomenon that is rather under-described in the literature regarding etiology, diagnosis, management, and later outcomes during follow-up.

Case presentation
We aim to present the 9th case of a combination chromophobe RCC (ChRCC) and clear cell RCC (ccRCC) in literature, according to our knowledge, for a 69-year-old North African, Caucasian female patient who, after complaining of loin pain and hematuria, was found to have two right renal masses with preoperative computed tomography (CT) and underwent right radical nephrectomy. Pathological examination later revealed the two renal masses to be of different histologic subtypes.

Conclusion
The coexistence of dissimilar RCC subtypes can contribute to diverse prognostic implications. Further research should focus on enhancing the complex, yet highly crucial, preoperative detection and pathological examination to differentiate multiple renal lesions. Planning optimal operative techniques (radical or partial nephrectomy), selecting suitable adjuvant regimens, and reporting long-term follow-up outcomes of patients in whom synchronous yet different RCC subtypes were detected are of utmost importance.
The influence of connective tissue grafting on the reconstruction of a missing facial bone wall using immediate implant placement and simultaneous bone reconstruction: a retrospective long-term cohort study
Authors: Kuebler Andreas , Noelken Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This retrospective cohort study evaluates the influence of connective tissue grafts (CTG) on bone regeneration at implant sites with total loss of the buccal bone wall treated with flapless immediate implant placement (IIP) and reconstruction with autogenous bone chips (AB) within a follow-up of up to 13 years.

Methods
Sixty implants were inserted in 55 patients in sites with total loss of the buccal bone wall between 2008 and 2021. The implants were inserted and the buccal gaps were grafted by AB. A subgroup of 34 sites was grafted additionally with CTG using tunnel technique. Primary outcome was the vertical bone regeneration in height and thickness. Secondary outcome parameters were interproximal marginal bone level, recession, soft tissue esthetics (PES), width of keratinized mucosa (KMW) and probing depths (PPD).

Results
Mean follow-up period was 60.8 months. In 55 sites a complete vertical bone regeneration was documented. The mean buccal bone level increased by 10.6 mm significantly. The thickness of the buccal bone wall ranged between 1.7 and 1.9 mm, and was significantly thicker in sites without CTG. Interproximal marginal bone level was at implant shoulder level. The mean recession improved significantly by 1.2 mm. In sites with CTG, recessions and PES improved significantly more.

Conclusions
Additional CTG in extraction sites with total buccal bone loss followed by IIP with simultaneous AB grafting led to improved PES and recession, but also to a thinner buccal bone wall compared to sites grafted just with AB.

Graphical Abstract
Caesarean delivery and neonatal mortality: evidence from selected slums in and around Dhaka city, Bangladesh- A prospective cohort study
Authors: Razzaque Abdur , Chowdhury Razib , Mustafa AHM Golam , Billah Md Arif , Naima Shakera , Shafique Sohana , Sarker Bidhan Krishna , Islam Mohammad Zahirul , Kim Minjoon , Jahangir Margub Aref , Matin Ziaul , Ferdous Jannatul , Vandenent Maya , Rahman Anisur 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This study examined the neonatal mortality for newborn of women who delivered by caesarean section or vaginally using a prospective cohort.

Methods
A total of 6,989 live births registered from 2016 to 2018, were followed for neonatal survival from the selected slums of Dhaka (North and South) and Gazipur city corporations, where icddr,b maintained the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS). Neonatal mortality was compared by maternal and newborn characteristics and mode of delivery using z-test. Logistic regression model performed for neonatal mortality by mode of delivery controlling selected covariates and reported adjusted odd ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
Out of 6,989 live births registered, 27.7% were caesarean and the rest were vaginal delivery; of these births, 265 neonatal deaths occurred during the follow-up. The neonatal mortality rate was 2.7 times higher (46 vs. 17 per 1,000 births) for vaginal than caesarean delivered. Until 3rd day of life, the mortality rate was very high for both vaginal and caesarean delivered newborn; however, the rate was 24.8 for vaginal and 6.3 per 1,000 live births for caesarean delivered on the 1st day of life. After adjusting the covariates, the odds of neonatal mortality were higher for vaginal than caesarean delivered (aOR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.82, 3.85). Additionally, the odds were higher for adolescent than elderly adult mother (aOR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.48), for multiple than singleton birth (aOR: 5.40; 95% CI: 2.82, 10.33), for very/moderate (aOR: 5.13; 95% CI: 3.68, 7.15), and late preterm birth (aOR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.08) than term birth; while the odds were lower for girl than boy (aOR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.58, 0.96), and for 5th wealth quintile than 1st quintile (aOR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.91).

Conclusion
Our study found that caesarean delivered babies had significantly lower neonatal mortality than vaginal delivered. Therefore, a comprehensive delivery and postnatal care for vaginal births needed a special attention for the slum mothers to ensure the reduction of neonatal mortality.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Fetal and Infant AGD in Healthy Children: Association With Penile Size, Testosterone, and DHT
Authors: Fischer Margit Bistrup , Mola Gylli , Priskorn Lærke , Scheel Lone , Hegaard Hanne Kristine , Sundberg Karin , Frederiksen Hanne , Andersson Anna-Maria , Juul Anders , Hagen Casper P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Context
The anogenital distance (AGD) is considered a postnatal readout of early fetal androgen action. Little is known of prenatal AGD and how it correlates with AGD postnatally.

Objective
We present longitudinal measurements of fetal and infant AGD. We evaluate the impact of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone at minipuberty on AGD and penile size.

Methods
We performed secondary analyses of an observational, prospective pregnancy and birth cohort, COPANA (2020-2022), at Copenhagen University Hospital—Rigshospitalet, enrolling 685 healthy, singleton pregnant women, of whom 657 attended third trimester ultrasound and 589 infants completed follow-up. Fetal AGD was measured at third semester ultrasound (gestational week 29-34), and infant AGD, penile width, stretched penile length, and circulating testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (LC-MS/MS) were assessed at the minipuberty clinical examination (approximately 3.5 months postpartum):

Results
AGD was available in 650/657 fetuses (310 boys) and 588/589 infants (287 boys). Boys had longer fetal and infant AGD than girls; fetal AGDas: mean (SD) 21.4 mm (±3.5), fetal AGDaf: 12.8 mm (±2.3), P &lt; .001, infant AGDas: 32.0 mm (±5.6) and infant AGDaf: 15.8 (±3.3), P &lt; .001. Fetal AGD correlated with infant AGD in boys and girls (Spearman r = .275, P &lt; .001 and r = .189, P = .001 respectively), but not with circulating testosterone or dihydrotestosterone at minipuberty. Penile size correlated positively with circulating androgen levels at minipuberty: stretched penile length vs testosterone: r = .235, P &lt; .001.

Conclusion
AGD is sexually dimorphic already in the third trimester. Fetal and infant AGD correlate. AGD is associated with body size but not circulating androgen levels at minipuberty. These findings suggest that fetal and infant AGD reflect androgen action during early fetal development.
The Effect of Neoadjuvant Systemic Therapy on Surgical Outcomes After Lymph Node Dissections for Stage III Melanoma; An Australian Cohort
Authors: Zijlker Lisanne P. , Chen Henry , Spillane Andrew J. , Gonzalez Maria , Pennington Thomas E. , Menzies Alexander M. , Lo Serigne N. , Ferguson Peter , Rawson Robert , Colebatch Andrew J. , Stretch Jonathan R. , Thompson John F. , Ch’ng Sydney , Nieweg Omgo , Shannon Kerwin F. , Long Georgina V. , Scolyer Richard A. , Saw Robyn P. M. , van Akkooi Alexander C. J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) for patients with stage III melanoma achieves high major pathologic response rates and high recurrence-free survival rates. This study aimed to determine how NAST with targeted therapies (TTs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) influences surgical outcomes after lymph node dissection in terms of complications, morbidity, and textbook outcomes.

Methods
Patients who underwent a lymph node dissection after either NAST in a clinical trial or upfront surgery for stage III melanoma between 2014 and 2022 were identified from an institutional research database.

Results
The study included 89 NAST-treated patients and 79 upfront surgery-treated patients. The rate of postoperative complications did not differ between the NAST- and upfront surgery-treated patients (55% vs. 51%; p = 0.643), and steroid treatment for drug toxicity did not influence the complication rate (odds ratio [OR], 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.4–3; p = 0.826). No significant differences in postoperative morbidity were observed in terms of seroma (23% vs. 11%; p = 0.570) or lymphedema (36% vs. 51%; p = 0.550). The rate of achieving a textbook outcome was comparable for the two groups (61% vs. 57%; p = 0.641).

Conclusions
The surgical outcomes after lymph node dissections were comparable between the patients who received NAST and those who had upfront surgery, indicating that surgery can be safely performed after NAST with TT or ICI for stage III melanoma.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Does Not Improve Survival in cT2N0M0 Gastric Adenocarcinoma Patients: A Multicenter Propensity Score Analysis
Authors: Abboretti Francesco , Lambert Céline , Schäfer Markus , Pereira Bruno , Le Roy Bertrand , Mège Diane , Piessen Guillaume , Gagnière Johan , Gronnier Caroline , Mantziari Styliani ,   the ADENOKGAST Study Group,   the AFC-French Association of Surgery
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
According to current international guidelines, stage cT2N0M0 gastric adenocarcinoma warrants preoperative chemotherapy followed by surgery. However, upfront surgery is often preferred in clinical practice, depending on patient clinical status and local treatment preferences.

Objective
The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of cT2N0M0 patients.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was performed among 32 centers, including gastric adenocarcinoma patients operated between January 2007 and December 2017. Patients with cT2N0M0 stage were divided into upfront surgery (S) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery (CS) groups. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to compensate for baseline differences between the groups.

Results
Among the 202 patients diagnosed with cT2N0M0 stage, 68 (33.7%) were in the CS group and 134 (66.3%) were in the S group. CS patients were younger (mean age 62.7 ± 12.8 vs. 69.8 ± 12.1 years for S patients; p < 0.001) and had a better health status (World Health Organization performance status = 0 in 60.3% of CS patients vs. 34.5% of S patients; p = 0.006). During follow-up, recurrence occurred in 27.2% and 19.6% of CS and S patients, respectively, after IPTW (p = 0.32). Five-year OS was similar between CS and S patients (78.9% vs. 68.3%; p = 0.42), as was 5-year DFS (70.4% vs. 68.5%; p = 0.96). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was associated with neither OS nor DFS in multivariable analysis after IPTW.

Conclusions
Patients with cT2N0M0 gastric adenocarcinoma did not present a survival or recurrence benefit if treated with perioperative chemotherapy followed by surgery as opposed to surgery alone.
TRACE ELEMENTS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF PULMONARIA MOLLIS AND PULMONARIA OBSCURA
Authors: Kruglov Dmitry Semenovich , Velichko Victoria Vladimirovna 
Published: May 2024

The genus Pulmonaria plants are ephemeroids having characteristic distile reproduction system and so should be distinguished – generative shoot with flowers and vegetative rosette leaves as organs these plants. Phytomedicines made from them have different pharmacological action.
The aim this work was study of biologically active compounds and trace elements in both kinds of aboveground organs of the Pulmonaria obscura Dumort and Pulmonaria mollis Wulf. Ex.Horn.
The content of trace elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. It was determined the content of biogenic for plants trace elements, as well as elements necessary for the process of hematopoiesis in the human body – B, K, P, V, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Si, Zn Cr , Ni, Se.
The study of the composition of phenolic compounds was carried out on a high performance liquid chromatograph. Polysaccharides, protein and tannins were determined gravimetrically. The presence of alkaloids was checked by reaction with group-wide precipitating reagents. Besides, content of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically.
It was established:
– generative shoots and rosette leaves form separate clusters according to microelements of the hematopoietic complex that correlating with their pharmocological activity;
– polysaccharide-protein complex containing up to 20% protein was found and this is impotant for phamacologocal action;
– marker compounds for generative shoots are caffeic acid, hyperoside and delphinidin, while rosette leaves are characterized by the presence of vicenin and luteolin-7-O-glycoside;
– alkaloids wasn`t find and this fact makes studied plants promising for use in scientific medicine.
Treadmill walking economy is not affected by body fat and body mass index in adults
Authors: Tucker Wesley J. , Sawyer Brandon J. , Bhammar Dharini M. , Ware Emma W. , Angadi Siddhartha S. , Gaesser Glenn A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo determine whether body fat and body mass index (BMI) affect the energy cost of walking (Cw; J/kg/m), ventilation, and gas exchange data from 205 adults (115 females; percent body fat range = 3.0%–52.8%; BMI range = 17.5–43.2 kg/m2) were obtained at rest and during treadmill walking at 1.34 m/s to calculate gross and net Cw. Linear regression was used to assess relationships between body composition indices, Cw, and standing metabolic rate (SMR). Unpaired t‐tests were used to assess differences between sex, and one‐way ANOVA was used to assess differences by BMI categories: normal weight, <25.0 kg/m2; overweight, 25.0–29.9 km/m2; and obese, ≥30 kg/m2. Net Cw was not related to body fat percent, fat mass, or BMI (all R2 ≤ 0.011). Furthermore, mean net Cw was similar by sex (male: 2.19 ± 0.30 J/kg/m; female: 2.24 ± 0.37 J/kg/m, p = 0.35) and across BMI categories (normal weight: 2.23 ± 0.36 J/kg/m; overweight: 2.18 ± 0.33 J/kg/m; obese: 2.26 ± 0.31, p = 0.54). Gross Cw and SMR were inversely associated with percent body fat, fat mass, and BMI (all R2 between 0.033 and 0.270; all p ≤ 0.008). In conclusion, Net Cw is not influenced by body fat percentage, total body fat, and BMI and does not differ by sex.
Self-abnegation, Decentering of Objective Relations, and Intuition of Nature: Toomas Altnurme’s and Cao Jun’s Art
Authors: Marren Marina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article analyzes the artwork of two seemingly distant contemporary artists – Toomas Altnurme and Cao Jun – elucidating their creative processes through the theoretical frameworks of Martin Heidegger, Sigmund Freud, and Henri Bergson. In Section 1, I offer reasons for a side-by-side examination of Altnurme’s and Jun’s art. In my discussion of Altnurme’s art in Section 2, I argue that his process exemplifies Heidegger’s view that artists must abnegate themselves in order for their creations to come into being. In Section 3, I elucidate Jun’s painting in its power to decenter the usual, object-oriented, circumspection of the mind. I ground my analyses in Freud’s concept of dream logic. Freud’s work on dreams allows me to approach Jun’s creative process as a work of translation whereby the artist translates the preconscious elements into images that we – the audience – then see on canvas. In Section 4, where I offer a comparative examination of both artists, I rely on Bergson’s articulation of the importance of intuition in order to show that both Altnurme and Jun create artworks that disclose to us the non-objective dimension of life wherein action or process and possibility take precedence over objectively existing things.
Exploring chitin: novel pathways and structures as promising targets for biopesticides
Authors: Kaur Malkiet , Nagpal Manju , Dhingra Gitika Arora , Rathee Ankit 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chitin, the most prevalent polymer in nature, a significant structural polysaccharide that comes in second only to cellulose. Chitin is a crucial component of fungal cell walls and also present in many other creatures, such as viruses, plants, animals, insect exoskeletons, and crustacean shells. Chitin presents itself as a promising target for the development of biopesticides. It focuses on unraveling the unique structures and biochemical pathways associated with chitin, aiming to identify vulnerabilities that can be strategically leveraged for effective and environmentally sustainable pest control. It involves a comprehensive analysis of chitinase enzymes, chitin biosynthesis, and chitin-related processes across diverse organisms. By elucidating the molecular intricacies involved in chitin metabolism, this review seeks to unveil potential points of intervention that can disrupt essential biological processes in target pests without harming non-target species. This holistic approach to understanding chitin-related pathways aims to inform the design and optimization of biopesticides with enhanced specificity and reduced ecological impact. The outcomes of this study hold great promise for advancing innovative and eco-friendly pest management strategies. By targeting chitin structures and pathways, biopesticides developed based on these findings may offer a sustainable and selective alternative to conventional chemical pesticides, contributing to the ongoing efforts towards more environmentally conscious and effective pest control solutions.