bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epstein‐Barr virus, B cell lymphoproliferative disease, and SCID mice: Modeling T cell immunotherapy in vivo
Authors: Johannessen I. , Bieleski L. , Urquhart G. , Watson S.L. , Wingate P. , Haque T. , Crawford D.H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) arises in up to 10% of organ transplant recipients and is fatal in ∼50% of cases. PTLD can be modeled in SCID mice using EBV+ve human B lymphoblastoid cell lines (BLCLs), and the current study investigated intraperitoneal (ip) inoculation of such animals in experiments which assessed the effect of EBV‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and cytokines on PTLD growth. Ip transfer of one dose of autologous CTLs, or CD8‐enriched T cells, into ip BLCL‐inoculated animals significantly delayed tumor development (P = 0.001) and prevented tumor formation in a significant proportion (40%) of mice (P = 0.001). A combination of interleukin (IL)2, 7, and 15 conditioning of CTLs prior to ip injection significantly delayed ip BLCL‐derived tumor formation in vivo when compared to CTLs expanded in vitro using only IL2 (P = 0.04) and prevented tumor outgrowth in a significant proportion (60%) of mice (P = 0.02). Daily ip IL2 dosing of ip CTL‐inoculated mice significantly delayed tumor development in vivo (P = 0.004) and prevented tumor outgrowth in a significant proportion (78%) of mice (P = 0.02) when compared to animals dosed with vehicle only. In SCID mice, autologous CTLs, and CD8‐enriched T cells, have significant capacity to hinder development of PTLD‐like tumors. Whilst studies are needed to delineate the role of cytokine conditioning and CD4‐enriched T cells, the results suggest that IL2 plays a key role in supporting CTL funtion in vivo. J. Med. Virol. 83:1585–1596, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
With a little help from my colleagues: A social embeddedness approach to perceived organizational support
Authors: Hayton James C. , Carnabuci Gianluca , Eisenberger Robert 
Published: July 2011

SummaryWe examined the role of social embeddedness in creating positive perceptions of organizational support among managerial and staff employees (n = 72) of a large manufacturing firm. We operationalized social embeddedness as the size, density, and quality of employees' networks of multiplex, reciprocated exchange relationships with colleagues. After controlling for support from supervisors and upper management, we found all three aspects of social embeddedness to be associated with perceived organizational support (POS). This research suggests that in addition to the top‐down influence of the organizational hierarchy, POS results from the organizational community within which employees are embedded through their social network in the workplace. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative structure–retention relationship of new N‐substituted 2‐alkylidene‐4‐oxothiazolidines
Authors: Dabić Dragana , Natić Maja , Džambaski Zdravko , Marković Rade , Milojković‐Opsenica Dušanka , Tešić Živoslav 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA quantitative structure–retention relationship (QSRR) was built to investigate the relationship between the structural descriptors of 23 newly synthesized N‐substituted 2‐alkylidene‐4‐oxothiazolidines and their chromatographic retention. Retention was investigated by means of the reversed‐phase thin‐layer chromatography (RP‐TLC) on the C18 and CN stationary phases, using methanol, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran as organic modifiers. Full geometry optimization based on the Austin Model 1 (AM1) semi‐empirical molecular orbital method was carried out and a set of physicochemical molecular descriptors was calculated from the optimized structures. QSRR was built by means of multiple linear regression (MLR) and partial least squares regression (PLS). The best MLR and PLS models were chosen, on the basis of comparison of the statistical parameters (squared correlation coefficient (R2), cross‐validated coefficient (Rcv2), and Fischer significance value (F) were used for MLR and the square of the multiple correlation coefficients for the calibration objects (R2Y (cum)) and the square of the multiple correlation coefficients for the cross‐validation segments (Q2Y (cum)) were used for PLS models). Statistically significant and physically meaningful QSRR provided better insight on understanding the retention behavior of the new series of compounds. Lipohilicity (expressed as log P) was included in all MLR and PLS models.
Fast CEC‐MS using poly(dimethylsiloxane) microinjector, short packed column, and low‐sheath‐flow interface
Authors: Chen Chao‐Jung , Wang Che‐Wei , Her Guor‐Rong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA fast CEC‐MS approach based on a microinjector and a short CEC column was developed. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) was used as the substrate for microinjector fabrication. A short capillary column (∼5 cm) packed with 5 μm octadecyl silica particles was inserted into the microinjector. The microinjector CEC device was interfaced to ESI‐MS using a low‐flow sheath liquid interface. The device delivers the advantages of sample introduction, pre‐concentration, elution, and fast analysis as in chip‐CEC yet avoids the difficulty of packing stationary material into the chip. The online pre‐concentration and CEC‐MS analysis capabilities of this device were demonstrated by analysis of a six‐triazine mixture. A signal enhancement of 20–99‐fold was achieved with a sample loading time of 180 s.
Occurrence of Aurora A positive multipolar mitoses in distinct molecular classes of colorectal carcinomas and effect of Aurora A inhibition
Authors: Herz Corinna , Schlürmann Fabienne , Batarello Daniela , Fichter Christiane D. , Schöpflin Anja , Münch Claudia , Hauschke Dieter , Werner Martin , Lassmann Silke 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAurora A “over‐”expression may induce supernumerary centrosomes, respective multipolar mitoses, and aneuploidy. Here, we examined Aurora A positive multipolar mitoses in aneuploid, microsatellite‐stable (MSS, “CIN‐type”) versus near‐diploid, microsatellite‐instable (MSI, “MIN‐type”) colorectal carcinomas (CRC) and CRC cell lines as well as the effect of Aurora A inhibition in CRC cell lines. In situ, three‐dimensional immunofluorescence (3D‐IF) revealed Aurora A positive multipolar mitoses in both CIN‐ (n = 8) and MIN‐ (n = 10) type primary CRCs with similar frequencies (CIN: 27 ± 14%; MIN: 34 ± 14%, P = 0.224). In vitro, Aurora A positive multipolar mitoses were detected in asynchronized or thymidine synchronized CIN‐type (HT29, CaCo‐2), but not MIN‐type (HCT116, DLD‐1) CRC cells. Nocodazole treatment arrested mitotic cells with multiple centrosomal Aurora A signals in CIN‐ and MIN‐type CRC cells, albeit to a lower extent in CaCo‐2 cells. This was associated with concomitant activation of Aurora A (T288 phosphorylation) and Polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK‐1, T210 phosphorylation). Aurora A inhibition by siRNA resulted in increased apoptosis (>50%) in all cell lines, but did not abolish PLK‐1 expression. Double 3D‐IF revealed that Aurora A siRNA treated, still viable CIN‐type (HT29, CaCo‐2) CRC cells were Aurora A negative and mostly in prophase/(pro)metaphase with maintained phosphorylated PLK‐1 T210 expression. Aurora A positive multipolar mitoses occur in both aneuploid, CIN‐ and near‐diploid MIN‐type CRCs. This appears to be largely independent of Aurora A expression alone. Although Aurora A inhibition causes apoptosis in both CIN‐ and MIN‐type CRC cells, remaining PLK‐1 activation by other factors may affect therapeutic Aurora inhibition. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hypoxia negatively regulates heparan sulfatase 2 expression in renal cancer cell lines
Authors: Khurana Ashwani , Tun Han W. , Marlow Laura , Copland John A. , Dredge Keith , Shridhar Viji 
Published: July 2011

AbstractInactivation of von Hippel‐Lindau (VHL), a tumor suppressor gene is often associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). VHL inactivation leads to multitude of responses including enhanced growth factor signaling such as bFGF2, SDF‐1α, and HGF. Here, we have identified a novel VHL‐inducible gene, heparan sulfatase 2 (HSulf‐2) that attenuates heparan‐binding growth factor such as bFGF2 signaling. VHL‐mediated HIF‐1 alpha degradation was essential to restore HSulf‐2 expression. Mechanistically, HSulf‐2 negatively regulated vimentin expression and knockdown of vimentin abolished cell migration. This study reveals a novel layer of regulation of heparan‐binding growth factor signaling via modulation of heparan sulfate by HSulf‐2 in ccRCC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Movement lateralization and bimanual coordination in children with Tourette syndrome
Authors: Avanzino Laura , Martino Davide , Bove Marco , De Grandis Elisa , Tacchino Andrea , Pelosin Elisa , Mirabelli Marisol , Veneselli Edvige , Abbruzzese Giovanni 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackground:Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a childhood‐onset disorder characterized by persistent motor and vocal tics fluctuating in severity. Although structural changes observed in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome concern brain structures involved in voluntary motor control such as the basal ganglia, the frontoparietal cortex, and the corpus callosum, movement lateralization and bimanual coordination have been underinvestigated.Methods:Using a sensor‐engineered glove, we analyzed the performance of repetitive externally paced single‐hand and bimanual finger movements in 11 children with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome.Results:When requested to perform sequential single‐hand finger movements, patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome showed longer touch duration, shorter movement time, and more errors than healthy subjects. When requested to execute the task bimanually, healthy subjects exhibited a slight loss in accuracy and an increase in touch duration compared with the single‐hand task, whereas patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome did not. Further, healthy subjects presented great asymmetry in terms of movement accuracy between left and right hands during the bimanual task, whereas patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome did not.Conclusions:These findings suggest that patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome may present an abnormal process of sensorimotor integration, movement lateralization, and bimanual coordination during sequential finger movements. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Obesity, diabetes, and risk of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Palacios Natalia , Gao Xiang , McCullough Marjorie L. , Jacobs Eric J. , Patel Alpa V. , Mayo Tinisha , Schwarzschild Michael A. , Ascherio Alberto 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe aim of this work was to investigate whether obesity and diabetes are related to risk of Parkinson's disease. We prospectively followed 147,096 participants in the Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort from 1992 to 2005. Participants provided information on anthropometric variables and medical history at baseline and on waist circumference in 1997. Incident cases of Parkinson's disease (n = 656) were confirmed by treating neurologists and medical record review. Relative risks were estimated using proportional hazards models, adjusting for age, gender, smoking, and other risk factors. Neither body mass index nor waist circumference significantly predicted Parkinson's disease risk. Relative risk comparing individuals with a baseline body mass index of ≥30 to those with a body mass index <23 was 1.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.75, 1.34; P trend: 0.79), and that comparing individuals with a waist circumference in the top category (≥40.3 inches in men and ≥35 inches in women) to those in the bottom category (<34.5 inches in men and <28 inches in women) was 1.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.95, 1.93; P trend: 0.08). History of diabetes was not significantly associated with Parkinson's disease risk (combined relative risks = 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 1.25; P heterogeneity = 0.96). In addition, neither body mass index at age 18 nor changes in weight between age 18 and baseline were significantly associated with Parkinson's disease risk. The results did not differ significantly by gender. Our results do not provide evidence for a relationship between body mass index, weight change, waist circumference, or baseline diabetes and risk of Parkinson's disease. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Local stress analysis in granular materials at a mesoscale
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc‐Son , Magoariec Hélène , Cambou Bernard 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the change of scale techniques developed for granular materials. The proposed approach consists in considering an intermediate scale between the macroscales and microscales, called the mesoscale, using the classical homogenization scheme. In this approach, the mesoscale for 2D granular materials was defined at the level of local volumes, called mesodomains, which are local closed structures composed of particles in contact. In this paper, we focused on defining a local stress field at this scale. Two different methods are proposed, both based on the equivalent continuum mean stress but using different approximations of the mean stress tensor for each mesodomain. The two proposed methods were then compared to each other. Analyses performed on the stress field at the mesoscale show that this local field is heterogeneous and, in particular, that its heterogeneity is significantly structured at this scale. The distribution of the local mean stress (first invariant of the local stress tensor) is uniform in any mesodomain, whereas the distribution of the stress deviator (second invariant of the deviatoric part of the local stress tensor) is significantly dependent on the elongation direction and on the elongation degree of the mesodomains. The local stress ratio (ratio of the stress deviator to the mean stress) is higher within the mesodomains that are elongated in the global compression direction than that within the ones elongated in the global extension direction. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite volume approach with local adaptation scheme for the simulation of free surface flow in porous media
Authors: Bresciani E. , Davy P. , de Dreuzy J. R. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYWe present a method for solving steady‐state flow with a free surface in porous media. This method is based on a finite volume approach and is halfway between a fixed and an adaptive mesh method, taking advantage of both approaches: computational efficiency and localization accuracy. Most of the mesh remains fixed during the iterative process, while the cells in contact with the free surface (free surface cells) are being reshaped. Based on this idea, we developed two methods. In the first one, only the volumes of the free surface cells are adapted. In the second one, the computational nodes of the free surface cells are relocated exactly at the free surface. Both adaptations are designed for a better application of the free surface boundary conditions. Implementation details are given on a regular finite volume mesh for the case of homogeneous and heterogeneous rectangular dams in 2D and 3D. Accuracy and convergence properties of the proposed approach are demonstrated by comparison with an analytical solution and with existing references. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simple superposition approach for dynamic analysis of piled embedded footings
Authors: Padrón L. A. , Mylonakis G. , Beskos D. E. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThe effectiveness and accuracy of the superposition method in assessing the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients (impedance functions) of embedded footings supported by vertical piles in homogeneous viscoelastic soil is addressed. To this end, the impedances of piled embedded footings are compared to those obtained by superposing the impedance functions of the corresponding pile groups and embedded footings treated separately, with the magnitude of the relative average differences being around 10–30%. The results are presented in a set of dimensionless graphs and simple expressions that can be used to estimate the dynamic stiffness and damping of piled embedded footings, provided that the impedance functions of the two individual components are known. This is precisely the reason why the superposition approach studied here is appealing, because such impedance functions for both embedded footings and pile groups are available for a wide range of cases. How to estimate the kinematic response functions of the system when those of the individual components are known is also discussed.To address the problem, parametric analyses performed using a 3D frequency‐domain elastodynamic BEM‐FEM formulation are presented for different pile–soil stiffness contrasts, embedment depths, pile‐to‐pile separations and excitation frequencies. Vertical, horizontal, rocking, and cross‐coupled horizontal‐rocking impedance functions, together with translational and rotational kinematic response functions, are discussed. The results suggest that the superposition concept, in conjunction with a correction strategy as that presented herein, can be employed in geotechnical design. For kinematic effects, the response functions of the embedded footing are found to provide reasonable estimates of the system's behaviour. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two‐level Newton iterative method for the 2D/3D steady Navier‐Stokes equations
Authors: He Yinnian , Zhang Yan , Shang Yueqiang , Xu Hui 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA combination method of the Newton iteration and two‐level finite element algorithm is applied for solving numerically the steady Navier‐Stokes equations under the strong uniqueness condition. This algorithm is motivated by applying the m Newton iterations for solving the Navier‐Stokes problem on a coarse grid and computing the Stokes problem on a fine grid. Then, the uniform stability and convergence with respect to ν of the two‐level Newton iterative solution are analyzed for the large m and small H and h << H. Finally, some numerical tests are made to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2012
The association of vitamin D use with hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in hemodialysis patients: a case–crossover study
Authors: Kilpatrick Ryan D. , Danese Mark D. , Belozeroff Vasily , Smirnakis Karen , Goodman William G. , Rothman Kenneth J. 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTPurposeElevated levels of phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) have been shown in observational studies to be associated with an increased risk of adverse clinical outcomes including mortality. Vitamin D sterols have been shown to increase the risk of hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia in clinical trials. We sought to explore these risks in real‐world clinical practice.MethodsWe employed a case–crossover design, which eliminates confounding by non‐time‐varying patient characteristics by comparing, within each patient, vitamin D doses before the event with those at an earlier period. Using this method, we estimated the risk of hypercalcemic (Ca ≥ 11 g/dL) and hyperphosphatemic (P ≥ 8 g/dL) events for patients at different dose quartiles of vitamin D relative to patients not on a vitamin D sterol.ResultsThere was a dose‐dependent association between vitamin D dose quartile and risk of hypercalcemia or hyperphosphatemia. In adjusted analyses, each increase in vitamin D quartile was associated with a multiple of hypercalcemia risk between 1.7 and 19 times compared with those not on vitamin D and a multiple of hyperphosphatemia risk between 1.8 and 4.ConclusionUse of vitamin D sterols is associated with an increased risk of hypercalcemic and hyperphosphatemic events in real‐world clinical practice. Other potential predictors of these events, such as phosphate binder use and dialysate Ca levels, were not examined in this analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mixed‐valence class I transition and electrochemistry of bis(triphenylamine)‐based aramids containing isolated ether‐linkage
Authors: Yen Hung‐Ju , Guo Shiue‐Ming , Liou Guey‐Sheng , Chung Jen‐Chieh , Liu Yu‐Chang , Lu Yung‐Fang , Zeng Yu‐Zhen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of solution‐processable electrochromic (EC) aromatic polyamides with bis(triphenylamine)ether (TPAO) units in the backbone were prepared by the phosphorylation polyamidation from a newly synthesized diamine monomer, bis(N‐4‐aminophenyl‐N‐4‐methoxyphenyl‐4‐aminophenyl)ether, and various dicarboxylic acids. These polymers were highly soluble in many organic solvents and showed useful levels of thermal stability associated with high glass‐transition temperatures and high char yields (higher than 50 at 800 °C in nitrogen). The polymer films showed reversible electrochemical oxidation and electrochromism with high contrast ratio in the visible range, which also exhibited moderate coloration efficiency (CE), low switching time, and good stability. Especially, the polyamides with two electroactive nitrogen centers only showed one‐stage oxidative coloring (no intervalence charge‐transfer [IV‐CT] band was detected), implying the two electrons are simultaneously removed from the TPAO units on account of the ether‐linkage definitely isolated the two redox centers. The mixed‐valence (MV) Class I/II/III transition and electrochemistry of the synthesized model compounds were investigated for the bridged triarylamine system with various NN distances and intramolecular electron transfer (ET) capability. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Pure blue electroluminescent poly(aryl ether)s with dopant–host systems
Authors: Bian Chunlei , Jiang Guoxin , Tong Hui , Cheng Yanxiang , Xie Zhiyuan , Wang Lixiang , Jing Xiabin , Wang Fosong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of novel arylene ether polymers (P5F‐BCzVFs) containing both pentafluorene (5F) and distyrylarylene derivative (BCzVF) units in the side chains for efficient pure blue light emission were prepared by a facile, metal‐free condensation polymerization. The emission spectra indicated that color tuning could be achieved through efficient Förster energy transfer from the deep‐blue 5F host to the pure‐blue BCzVF dopant. Single‐layer polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) based on P5F‐BCzVFs (ITO/(PEDOT:PSS)/polymer/Ca/Al) exhibited voltage‐independent and stable pure blue emission with a Commission International de L'Eclairage (CIE) coordinate of (0.15, 0.15), a maximum brightness of 3576 cd/m2, and a maximum luminous efficiencies of 2.15 cd/A, respectively. As most polymers with dopant‐host systems, the luminous efficiencies of all P5F‐BCzVFs surpassed that of the host‐only polymer (P5F), due to the energy transfer and charge trapping from the host to the dopant. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Poly(p‐phenylene methylene)‐based block copolymers by mechanistic transformation
Authors: Tasdelen Mehmet Atilla , Beyazit Selim , Gunes Deniz , Bicak Niyazi , Tatar Pinar , Demirel A. Levent , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of poly(p‐phenylene methylene) (PPM)‐based block copolymers such as poly(p‐phenylene methylene)‐b‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) and poly(p‐phenylene methylene)‐b‐polytetrahydrofuran by mechanistic transformation was described. First, precursor PPM was synthesized by acid‐catalyzed polymerization of tribenzylborate at 16 °C. Then, this polymer was used as macroinitiators in either ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone or cationic ring‐opening polymerization of tetrahydrofuran to yield respective block copolymers. The structures of the prepolymer and block copolymers were characterized by GPC and 1H NMR investigations. The composition of block copolymers as determined by 1H NMR and TGA analysis was found to be in very good agreement. The thermal behavior and surface morphology of the copolymers were also investigated, respectively, by differential scanning calorimetry and atomic force microscopy measurements, and the contribution of the major soft segment has been observed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011