bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Lake Erie dredged material on microbiomes in a farm soil of northwestern Ohio
Authors: Gautam Jyotshana , Ebersole Wolfgang , Brigham Russell , Shang Junfeng , Vázquez‐Ortega Angélica , Xu Zhaohui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDredged materials are often considered as candidates for replenishing lost topsoils in the watersheds of rivers and lakes. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of Lake Erie dredged material on the microbial community in a farm soil of northwestern Ohio. Dredged material from the Toledo Harbor, OH was mixed with a local farm soil at ratios of 0:100, 10:90, 20:80, and 100:0 for soybean growth in a greenhouse for 123 days and was subject to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. α‐Diversity analysis revealed that although the original dredged material hosted a highly diverse microbiome, soils blended with the dredged material had similar levels of bacterial diversity to 100% farm soil throughout the experiment. β‐Diversity analysis demonstrated that, given the same plant status, that is, with or without soybean, blended soils had similar bacterial communities to 100% farm soil during the experiment. Furthermore, by the end of the experiment, all soils with soybeans merged into one cluster distinctive from those without the plants, indicating that the growth of plants played a dominating role in defining the structure of soil microbiomes. The majority (73.8%) of the operational taxonomy units that were unique to the original dredged material were not detected by the end of the experiment. This study demonstrates that up to 20% of the dredged material can be safely blended into the farm soil without distorting the microbial communities of the latter, implying a potential beneficial use of the dredged material for topsoil restoration.
Recyclization of 3‐substituted‐6,8‐dimethylchromones with some heterocyclic enamines: Spectroscopic, quantum calculations (HOMO–LUMO, MEP, NLO), biological evaluation, and ADME investigation
Authors: Badran Al‐Shimaa , Ibrahim Magdy A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe chemical reactivity of some 6,8‐dimethylchromones was studied toward certain heterocyclic enamines. Treatment of carboxaldehyde 1a with the certain enamines proceeded via condensation with concomitant γ‐pyrone ring opening. Reaction of carbonitrile 1b with enamine derivatives proceeded through opening of γ‐pyrone moiety associated with cycloaddition into the nitrile function. A novel angular chromenopyrazolopyridine and chromenopyridopyrimidines were efficiently synthesized from reacting carboxamide 1c with the current enamines. Moreover, frontier molecular orbitals analysis, electronegativity, global hardness, global softness, ionization energy, and HOMO‐LUMO energy gap were calculated by using DFT/B3LYP/6‐311++G(d,p) level. Using the GIAO approach, the 1H and 13C NMR spectra were calculated and showed good agreement with the experimental values. Additionally, the nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the prepared compounds were found higher than urea. MEP was utilized to ascertain reactive sites within the molecules. The produced compounds exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effect when tested for their antimicrobial and anticancer properties. The evaluation of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) parameters indicated good drug‐like properties of all the investigated compounds.
Global and regional burden of vaccine‐associated facial paralysis, 1967–2023: Findings from the WHO international pharmacovigilance database
Authors: Jeong Yi Deun , Lee Kyeongmin , Lee Sooji , Park Jaeyu , Kim Hyeon Jin , Lee Jinseok , Kang Jiseung , Jacob Louis , Smith Lee , Rahmati Masoud , López Sánchez Guillermo F. , Dragioti Elena , Son Yejun , Kim Soeun , Yeo Seung Geun , Lee Hayeon , Yon Dong Keon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe scarce and conflicting data on vaccine‐associated facial paralysis limit our understanding of vaccine safety on a global scale. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the global burden of vaccine‐associated facial paralysis and to identify the extent of its association with individual vaccines, thereby contributing to the development of a more effective vaccination program. We used data on vaccine‐associated facial paralysis from 1967 to 2023 (total reports, n = 131 255 418 418) from the World Health Organization International Pharmacovigilance Database. Global reporting counts, reported odds ratios (ROR), and information components (ICs) were computed to elucidate the association between the 16 vaccines and the occurrence of vaccine‐associated facial paralysis across 156 countries. We identified 26 197 reports (men, n = 10 507 [40.11%]) of vaccine‐associated facial paralysis from 49 537 reports of all‐cause facial paralysis. Vaccine‐associated facial paralysis has been consistently reported; however, a pronounced increase in reported incidence has emerged after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, which is attributable to the COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine. Most vaccines were associated with facial paralysis, with differing levels of association, except for tuberculosis vaccines. COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines had the highest association with facial paralysis reports (ROR, 28.31 [95% confidence interval, 27.60–29.03]; IC, 3.37 [IC0.25, 3.35]), followed by encephalitis, influenza, hepatitis A, papillomavirus, hepatitis B, typhoid, varicella‐zoster, meningococcal, Ad‐5 vectored COVID‐19, measles, mumps and rubella, diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, pertussis, polio, and Hemophilus influenza type b, pneumococcal, rotavirus diarrhea, and inactivated whole‐virus COVID‐19 vaccines. Concerning age‐ and sex‐specific risks, vaccine‐associated facial paralysis was more strongly associated with older age groups and males. The serious adverse outcome and death rate of vaccine‐associated facial paralysis were extremely low (0.07% and 0.00%, respectively). An increase in vaccine‐induced facial paralysis, primarily owing to COVID‐19 mRNA vaccines, was observed with most vaccines, except tuberculosis vaccines. Given the higher association observed in the older and male groups with vaccine‐associated facial paralysis, close monitoring of these demographics when administering vaccines that are significantly associated with adverse reactions is crucial.
High‐risk HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 and their interplay with the innate immune response: Uncovering mechanisms of immune evasion and therapeutic prospects
Authors: Lo Cigno Irene , Calati Federica , Girone Carlo , Catozzo Marta , Gariglio Marisa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) are double‐stranded DNA (dsDNA) tumor viruses causally associated with 5% of human cancers, comprising both anogenital and upper aerodigestive tract carcinomas. Despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines, HPVs continue to pose a significant global health challenge, primarily due to inadequate vaccine access and coverage. These viruses can establish persistent infections by evading both the intrinsic defenses of infected tissues and the extrinsic defenses provided by professional innate immune cells. Crucial for their evasion strategies is their unique intraepithelial life cycle, which effectively shields them from host detection. Thus, strategies aimed at reactivating the innate immune response within infected or transformed epithelial cells, particularly through the production of type I interferons (IFNs) and lymphocyte‐recruiting chemokines, are considered viable solutions to counteract the adverse effects of persistent infections by these oncogenic viruses. This review focuses on the complex interplay between the high‐risk HPV oncoproteins E6 and E7 and the innate immune response in epithelial cells and HPV‐associated cancers. In particular, it details the molecular mechanisms by which E6 and E7 modulate the innate immune response, highlighting significant progress in our comprehension of these processes. It also examines forward‐looking strategies that exploit the innate immune system to ameliorate existing anticancer therapies, thereby providing crucial insights into future therapeutic developments.
Alternative point‐wise metrics for tropical cyclone risks
Authors: Gil Eunhee , Kang Namyoung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo minimize the risks from tropical cyclones (TCs), the quantification and regular monitoring of TC activities are strongly needed. While the accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) (Bell et al., 2000, Climate assessment for 1999. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 81, S1–S50) has been widely used for examining the level of basin‐wide TC activities, the conventional ACE does not discriminate the regional characteristics of TC risks. By introducing a point‐wise version of ACE, this paper proposes a geographical approach to the risk map for TCs. Here, the alternative metric is named the localized ACE (LACE), which interprets the TC risk directly felt by the local residents. Annual LACE at a geographical point measures TC activity by merging the quantities of frequency, intensity and duration factors, which contribute to the local TC activity in a year. In conjunction with LACE, a concept of LACE partial contribution (LACEP) is also proposed. The LACEP enables quantitative comparison of the contribution by each factor to the LACE, and thereby identifies the characteristics of the regional TC risks. To demonstrate the efficacy of the indices, that is, LACE and LACEP, this paper provides the response of the local TC activities to El Niño–Southern Oscillation in the western North Pacific and confirms the value of these indices.
1H and 13C NMR spectra of infinitene and the ring current effect of the aromatic molecule
Authors: Kleinpeter Erich , Koch Andreas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe spatial magnetic properties (through‐space NMR shieldings—TSNMRSs—actually the ring current effect in 1H NMR spectroscopy) of the recently synthesized infinitene (the helically twisted [12]circulene) have been calculated using the GIAO perturbation method employing the nucleus‐independent chemical shift (NICS) concept and visualized as iso‐chemical‐shielding surfaces (ICSS) of various size and direction. Both 1H and 13C chemical shifts of infinitene and the aromaticity of this esthetically very appealing molecule have been studied subject to the ring current effect thus obtained. This spatial magnetic response property of TSNMRSs dominates the different magnitude of 1H and 13C chemical shifts, especially in the cross‐over section of infinitene, which is unequivocally classified as an aromatic molecule based on the deshielding belt of its ring current effect. Differences in aromaticity of infinitene compared with isolated benzene can also be qualified and quantified on the magnetic criterion.
Proteomic diversification of spermatostyles among six species of whirligig beetles
Authors: Gomez R. Antonio , Dallai Romano , Sims‐West Dylan J. , Mercati David , Sinka Rita , Ahmed‐Braimah Yasir , Pitnick Scott , Dorus Steve 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSeminal fluid protein composition is complex and commonly assumed to be rapidly divergent due to functional interactions with both sperm and the female reproductive tract (FRT), both of which evolve rapidly. In addition to sperm, seminal fluid may contain structures, such as mating plugs and spermatophores. Here, we investigate the evolutionary diversification of a lesser‐known ejaculate structure: the spermatostyle, which has independently arisen in several families of beetles and true bugs. We characterized the spermatostyle proteome, in addition to spermatostyle and FRT morphology, in six species of whirligig beetles (family Gyrinidae). Spermatostyles were enriched for proteolytic enzymes, and assays confirmed they possess proteolytic activity. Sperm‐leucylaminopeptidases (S‐LAPs) were particularly abundant, and their localization to spermatostyles was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Although there was evidence for functional conservation of spermatostyle proteomes across species, phylogenetic regressions suggest evolutionary covariation between protein composition and the morphology of both spermatostyles and FRTs. We postulate that S‐LAPs (and other proteases) have evolved a novel structural role in spermatostyles and discuss spermatostyles as adaptations for delivering male‐derived materials to females.
Association between embryo morphokinetic development and intracytoplasmic sperm injection with epididymal sperm via time‐lapse imaging
Authors: Borges Edson , Braga Daniela , Provenza Rodrigo , Iaconelli Assumpto , Setti Amanda 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate the impact of sperm source on embryo morphokinetics and the clinical outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles by considering the clustering of data (multiple embryos per patient that share a comparable developmental timing). This matched cohort study was performed at a private university–affiliated in vitro fertilization center. Women who underwent ICSI with epididymal sperm between January 2019 and December 2020 (the percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration group, n = 32 cycles) were matched with women who underwent ICSI with ejaculated sperm because of idiopathic male factor infertility (the male factor infertility [MFI] group, n = 32 cycles) or female infertility (the control group, n = 32 cycles). Embryos were cultured in a time‐lapse imaging incubator, and morphokinetic development was recorded and compared among the groups. Significantly slower divisions were observed in embryos derived from epididymal sperm than in those derived from the MFI and control groups. Embryos derived from epididymal sperm had a significantly lower KIDScore (3.1 ± 0.2) than did those derived from ejaculated spermatozoa from the MFI (5.4 ± 0.1) and control (5.6 ± 0.2, p < 0.001) groups. Epididymal sperm‐derived embryos showed a significantly greater occurrence of multinucleation (23.2%) than did those derived from ejaculated sperm from the MFI and control groups (2.8% and 3.7%, p < 0.001, respectively). Epididymal sperm‐derived embryos were significantly more likely to undergo direct or reverse cleavage (11.1%) than ejaculated sperm‐derived embryos in the control group (4.3%, p = 0.001). In conclusion, delayed cell cleavage and increased incidences of blastomere multinucleation and abnormal cleavage patterns are observed when epididymal‐derived sperm are used for ICSI.
The impact of facility and staff characteristics on infection control of COVID‐19: Perceptions of elder care home managers in Stockholm, Sweden
Authors: Liljas Ann E. M. , Morath Lenke P. , Burström Bo , Schön Pär , Agerholm Janne 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo examine the perceptions of managers of elder care homes on the impact of facility and staff characteristics on infection control of COVID‐19.DesignCase study.MethodsSix purposively sampled care home managers in the city of Stockholm were interviewed. Through content analysis, three categories and nine subcategories were identified.ResultsAccording to the interviewed care home managers, a home‐like environment that allows for isolation of residents and possibilities for staff to get changed and store personal protective equipment outside each resident's room was considered ideal. Experienced employees were reported as invaluable when facing an infectious outbreak. A mix of permanent and temporary staff was considered essential although some thought that temporary staff who work in multiple care homes might negatively influence the spread of infection. Language barriers among staff were considered an obstacle when trying to disseminate information.
Nursing diagnoses and hospital readmission of patients with respiratory diseases: Findings from a case–control study
Authors: Suárez‐González Paloma , Suárez‐Elosegui Ane , Arias‐Fernández Lucía , Pérez‐Regueiro Irene , Jimeno‐Demuth Francisco J. , Lana Alberto 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThe rate of readmission after hospitalisation for respiratory diseases has become a common and challenging clinical problem. Social and functional patient variables could help identify cases at high risk of readmission. The aim was to identify the nursing diagnoses that were associated with readmission after hospitalisation for respiratory disease in Spain.DesignCase‐control study within the cohort of patients admitted for respiratory disease during 2016–19 in a tertiary public hospital in Spain (n = 3781).MethodsCases were patients who were readmitted within the first 30 days of discharge, and their controls were the remaining patients. All nursing diagnoses (n = 130) were collected from the electronic health record. They were then grouped into 29 informative diagnostic categories. Clinical confounder‐adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using logistic regression models.ResultsThe readmission rate was 13.1%. The nursing diagnoses categories ‘knowledge deficit’ (OR: 1.61; 95%CI: 1.13–2.31), ‘impaired skin integrity and risk of ulcer infection’ (OR: 1.45; 95%CI: 1.06–1.97) and ‘activity intolerance associated with fatigue’ (OR: 1.56; 95%CI: 1.21–2.01) were associated with an increased risk of suffering an episode of hospital readmission rate at 30% after hospital discharge, and this was independent of sociodemographic background, care variables and comorbidity.Patient or public contributionThe nursing diagnoses assigned as part of the care plan of patients during hospital admission may be useful for predicting readmissions.
Cost‐effectiveness of the McGill interactive pediatric oncogenetic guidelines in identifying Li–Fraumeni syndrome in female patients with osteosarcoma
Authors: Rios Juan David , Simbulan Frances , Reichman Lara , Caswell Kimberly , Tachdjian Melissa , Malkin David , Cotton Cecilia , Nathan Paul C. , Goudie Catherine , Pechlivanoglou Petros 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundLi–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a penetrant cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) associated with the development of many tumor types in young people including osteosarcoma and breast cancer (BC). The McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines (MIPOGG) decision‐support tool provides a standardized approach to identify patients at risk of CPSs.MethodsWe conducted a cost–utility analysis, from the healthcare payer perspective, to compare MIPOGG‐guided, physician‐guided, and universal genetic testing strategies to detect LFS in female patients diagnosed at an age of less than 18 years with osteosarcoma. We developed a decision tree and discrete‐event simulation model to simulate the clinical and cost outcomes of the three genetic referral strategies on a cohort of female children diagnosed with osteosarcoma, especially focused on BC as subsequent cancer. Outcomes included BC incidence, quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs), healthcare costs, and incremental cost–utility ratios (ICURs). We conducted probabilistic and scenario analyses to assess the uncertainty surrounding model parameters.ResultsCompared to the physician‐guided testing, the MIPOGG‐guided strategy was marginally more expensive by $105 (−$516; $743), but slightly more effective by 0.003 (−0.04; 0.045) QALYs. Compared to MIPOGG, the universal testing strategy was $1333 ($732; $1953) more costly and associated with 0.011 (−0.043; 0.064) additional QALYs. The ICUR for the MIPOGG strategy was $33,947/QALY when compared to the physician strategy; the ICUR for universal testing strategy was $118,631/QALY when compared to the MIPOGG strategy.DiscussionThis study provides evidence for clinical and policy decision‐making on the cost‐effectiveness of genetic referral strategies to identify LFS in the setting of osteosarcoma. MIPOGG‐guided strategy was most likely to be cost‐effective at a willingness‐to‐pay threshold value of $50,000/QALY.
Pediatric pulmonary embolism: Unveiling clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and outcomes in Southwest China
Authors: Zhao Dandong , Xiong Qiang , Lv Ying , Ting Gong , Lu Shuya , Luo Jian , Xie Xiaohong , Zhang Mingxiang , He Linli , Yang Tian , Tian Daiyin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPulmonary embolism (PE) leads to obstruction of pulmonary circulation, resulting in increased pulmonary vascular resistance, elevated pulmonary arterial pressure, and increased right heart load. In severe cases, it can lead to cardiac decompensation and life‐threatening conditions. However, clinical studies on PE in children are limited, with many diagnostic and treatment guidelines derived from adult populations. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical manifestations, risk factors, co‐morbidity, and outcomes of PE patients admitted to a large children's hospital in southwest China. A total of 24 children with PE participated, 9 boys (37.5%), aged 0.1–14.6, (median: 8.15 years old). Except for two asymptomatic cases, the duration from symptom onset to the diagnosis of PE varied from 2 to 45 days (median: 12 days). Among these children, 13 (54.2%) patients experienced a delayed diagnosis exceeding 10 days. A total of 7 children died from underlying diseases, and no one met the outcome of recurrent PE or PE‐related death. Among the 17 survivors, complete resolution of PE was in 11 (64.7%) children, partial resolution who progressed to chronic PE was in 3 (17.7%) children, and no follow‐up computed tomography pulmonary angiography was performed in the remaining 3 (17.7%) children. This study revealed that the majority of pediatric PE cases presented with respiratory symptoms, with a considerable proportion initially misdiagnosed as pneumonia, and emphasized the importance of early recognition and appropriate management strategies in improving outcomes for the affected children. Further research is warranted to elucidate the pathophysiology, refine diagnostic algorithms, and establish standardized treatment protocols tailored to the pediatric population.
Medication‐related incidents in acute care hospitals among different age groups: An analysis of national patient safety report data
Authors: Han Ji Min , Heo Kyu‐Nam , Kim A Jeong , Lee Ah Young , Min Sangil , Ah Young‐Mi , Lee Ju‐Yeun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to perform a nationwide analysis of medication errors (MEs) from hospitals using national reporting system data and to compare the ME patterns among different age groups.MethodsWe analyzed medication‐related incidents in acute care hospitals reported to the Korean Patient Safety Reporting and Learning System (KOPS), which is a patient safety reporting system, from July 2016 to December 2020. The stages of the medication use process, type of errors, medication class involved in MEs, and degree of harm were analyzed.ResultsAmong a total of 5071 medication‐related incidents, 37.7% (1911 cases) were incidents that caused patient harm and 1.2% caused long‐term, permanent, and fatal harm. The proportion of medication‐related incidents that resulted in harm was the highest among the <1‐year‐old age group (67 cases, 51.5%), followed by the elderly (≥ 65 years) (828 cases, 40.9%). The cases leading to patient death were most frequently reported in patients aged ≥65 years. Medication‐related incidents occurred mainly in the administration stage (2954 cases, 58.3%), and wrong dose was the most frequently reported ME type. The most prevalent medication class occurring in the 20–64‐year age group (256 cases, 11.7%) was ‘antibacterials for systemic use’, whereas ‘contrast media’ (236 cases, 11.6%) and ‘blood substitutes and perfusion solutions’ (98 cases, 19.3%) were the most prevalent drug classes in the ≥65‐ and <20‐year‐old age groups, respectively.ConclusionsIt is necessary to establish guidelines for the prevention of medication‐related incidents according to the medication use process and patient age group.