bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with early-stage lung cancer diagnosis (ESLCD) in Brazil, 2013-2019: A multivariable analysis.
Authors: Emmerick Isabel M , Rodrigues Campos Mônica , Castanheira Debora , Sequeira Valerio Tayná , Vinhal Faria Lara , Muzy Jéssica , Marques Aline , Arueira Luisa , Sobreira da Silva Mario Jorge 
Published: June 2024

e20091 Background: Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate among the leading deadly cancers worldwide. Despite improvements in tobacco cessation and treatment over the years, disparities in access to care, timely diagnosis, and proper treatment remain prevalent. This study aims to identify the factors associated (FA) with Early-Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis (ESLCD) in Brazil. Methods: This retrospective cohort study includes individuals diagnosed with lung cancer from January 2013 to December 2019, registered in the Brazilian hospital-based Cancer Registry (HBCR). Descriptive and bivariate analysis was performed, and T-tests and Chi-square were used to compare early vs late-stage groups. Multivariable backward stepwise logistic regression identified FA with ESLCD at a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The study was conducted with data on 86,558 individuals registered in the HBCR; 56.6% were men, 64 years old on average, and 54.8% were white. We found a high percentage of patients without education information (23.9%), and 70% had completed high school. As for behavioral characteristics, only 20% of the patients had never smoked; the others were current smokers (40%) or former smokers (40%). Almost half of the patients were from the Southeast region of Brazil (44.6%), 27% from the South, 19.9% from the Northeast, 3.9% from the North and 3.9% from the Midwest. The vast majority of the individuals were diagnosed at a late stage (85.6%), while 14.4% were ESLCD. In the bivariate analysis, being less than 65 years old, being female, white, never smoking, having a college degree, and living in the south or southeast regions were associated with ESLCD. In the final multivariable model the Factors Associated with ESLCD were having less than 65 years (OR=1.28 [95% CI: 1.22-1.34]), of the female gender (OR=1.26 [95% CI: 1.22-1.32]), having education greater than a college degree (OR=1.49 [95% CI: 1.38-1.61]), and living on the southeast (OR=1.22 [95% CI: 1.15-1.30]); and in the south region (OR=1.21 [95% CI: 1.18-1.32]); which are the wealthiest regions in the country. Conclusions: The education level was the most decisive factor associated with ESLCD. Geographic location played an important role in ESLCD, indicating issues related to wealth and access to health services. Improving access to lung cancer diagnosis, especially for vulnerable populations, can reduce disparities in the rates of early-stage diagnosis and improve overall survival. [Table: see text]
Exploring the role of pembrolizumab in mesothelioma: A single-arm analysis of available data.
Authors: Naqvi Syed Mujtaba Ali , Shafique Nouman , Muhibullah - , Kaur Navneet , Ahmed Jawad , Zain Sarmad , Kunwar Digbijay , Ur Rehman Atta , Nawaz Hassan , Haider Ali , Qadeer Abdul , Bajwa Shammas , Javeed Zainab , Ghaffar Ali , Tariq Sheraz Ahmad , Ahmed Muhammad Ihsan , Ehsan Amna , Shafiq Iqra , Iqbal Abdul Ghani , Safi Adnan 
Published: June 2024

e20097 Background: Malignant Mesothelioma (MMe) is a neoplasm of mesothelium and has a very poor survival rate. Over half the patients of MMe express programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) which binds to the PD-1 receptor on T-cells which in turn suppresses their ability to kill tumors. Pembrolizumab is a PD-1 inhibitor antibody and it has shown efficacy in combating MMe. Our analysis aims to summarize data related to objective response rates (ORR) and adverse effects of Pembrolizumab therapy in MMe patients. Methods: We conducted an online search through PubMed, Cochrane, and Clinicaltrials.gov databases from their inception till January 25, 2024, to identify studies that reported the use of Pembrolizumab in patients with MMe. Data were extracted and analyzed and proportions with their 95% confidence interval have been reported. Onlinemeta v1.0 was used for all analyses. Results: A total of six studies with 549 patients reported the use of Pembrolizumab in patients with MMe. ORR was observed in 36.2% (32.3% - 40.4%; p < 0.01) of patients receiving Pembrolizumab while 20.4% (17.2%- 24.0%; p < 0.01) of patients experienced adverse effects of the therapy. Median survival ranged from 9.5 to 17.3 months whereas progression-free survival ranged from 2.5 to 7.1 months in patients. Conclusions: Pembrolizumab has an ORR and safety profile comparable to other immunotherapies. Further studies are needed to extensively study the drug and its effects in detail in patients with MMe. [Table: see text]
A randomized phase II trial of adjuvant pembrolizumab versus observation following curative resection for stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with primary tumors between 1-4 cm: Big Ten Cancer Research Consortium BTCRC-LUN18-153.
Authors: Durm Greg Andrew , Furqan Muhammad , Hall Richard Delmar , Chiappori Alberto , Ma Patrick C. , Feldman Lawrence Eric , Kulkarni Amit , Haigentz Missak , Ganti Apar Kishor , Owen Dwight Hall , Sanborn Rachel E. , Hanna Nasser H. 
Published: June 2024

TPS8118 Background: Each year, approximately 35,000 patients are diagnosed with stage I lung cancer in the United States. Despite early detection, the 5-year overall survival for this population remains disappointing, ranging between 73-86% with recurrence rates from 18-38%. The current standard of care for stage I NSCLC is surgery alone followed by observation as prior trials of adjuvant chemotherapy in this subgroup have failed to show benefit. More modern therapies such as programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors have not been evaluated in the stage I setting but have demonstrated significant improvements in pathologic complete response, event free survival, and overall survival when added to chemotherapy for patients with fully resected stage II and III disease. The use of PD-(L)1 inhibition has also demonstrated clinically and statistically significant improvements in OS in both unresectable stage III NSCLC following chemoradiation and in the metastatic setting. Given the activity of PD-(L)1 inhibition in nearly every other subset of NSCLC patients, we aimed to evaluate this therapy following resection in stage I NSCLC patients. Methods: This study is a randomized phase II multicenter trial of adjuvant Pembrolizumab versus observation alone following complete resection of stage I NSCLC with tumors between 1-4cm. The trial randomizes patients 1:1 to either Pembrolizumab 400mg IV every 6 weeks for up to 9 cycles or observation alone. Patients are stratified by PD-L1 score (PD-L1 ≥50% vs. < 50%) and tumor size (1-2cm vs. > 2-4cm), and they undergo repeat CT imaging every 12 weeks. The study is being conducted through the Big Ten Cancer Research Consortium, and there are currently 11 sites open to accrual with one additional site pending activation. The primary endpoint is disease free survival with secondary endpoints including OS, DFS at multiple timepoints (1-, 2-, and 3-years), and safety. The trial initially opened to accrual at the lead site, Indiana University, in May 2020, and enrollment is currently at 95 patients with a planned enrollment of 244. (NCT04317534) Clinical trial information: NCT04317534 .
Neoadjuvant immunotherapy in sarcomatoid mesothelioma (Alliance A082101).
Authors: Mansfield Aaron Scott , Wang Xiaofei F. , Wigle Dennis A. , Watt Colleen , Kelley Kathryn , Masters Gregory A. , Berg Stephanie A. , Kozono David E. , Stinchcombe Tom 
Published: June 2024

TPS8125 Background: Sarcomatoid mesothelioma is the most aggressive form of pleural mesothelioma and is associated with the worst prognosis of the histologic variants of this disease. In the Checkmate 743 clinical trial the patients with sarcomatoid mesothelioma who received ipilimumab and nivolumab had survival outcomes that were similar to those of patients with epithelioid mesothelioma. In comparison, the patients with sarcomatoid mesothelioma who received chemotherapy had the worst outcomes in this trial, highlighting the known limited efficacy of chemotherapy against this histologic variant. Checkmate 743 demonstrated that ipilimumab and nivolumab is a new standard of care for non-epithelioid mesothelioma. Surgery typically has not been offered to this group of patients given their historically poor outcomes. With the significant survival gains seen patients with sarcomatoid mesothelioma treated with immunotherapy, we hypothesized that surgery may extend the benefits seen with immunotherapy. Methods: Alliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology A082101 is a prospective, phase 2 nonrandomized clinical trial for patients with sarcomatoid mesothelioma. The co-primary objectives are to determine the percentage of patients with potentially resectable sarcomatoid mesothelioma able to proceed with surgery after neoadjuvant ipilimumab and nivolumab, and the progression-free survival (PFS) at 12 months (12-month PFS) after the initiation of ipilimumab and nivolumab. For sample size determination, we assumed that if the true rate of surgery is 75% or greater, it would indicate that neoadjuvant immunotherapy is feasible to be given prior to surgery. On the other hand, if the true rate of surgery is 50% or less it would indicate that neoadjuvant immunotherapy is not worthy of further investigation. Twenty-six (26) eligible patients will be needed to receive neoadjuvant immunotherapy. If 16 or fewer of the 26 eligible patients proceed to surgery, it will be concluded that the experimental therapy is not worthy of further investigation. Otherwise, it will be concluded that the experimental therapy is worthy of further investigation. Safety monitoring will be done through a 6-week run-in for the first 10 patients to assess for pre-operative and post-operative toxicities and complications. Sequential boundaries will be used to monitor severe toxicity and complication rates. Accrual will be halted if excessive numbers of severe toxicity and complications in pre-operative and post-operative phases are seen. The accrual and safety data will be summarized in reports for semiannual reviews by Alliance Data and Safety Monitoring Board. Tumor and blood-based biomarkers will be included as exploratory biomarkers. Support: U10CA180821, U10CA180882, U24 CA196171; https://acknowledgments.alliancefound.org . Clinical trial information: NCT05647265 .
DAREON-8: A phase I, open-label, dose escalation/expansion trial of the DLL3-targeting T-cell engager, BI 764532, combined with first-line (1L) standard of care (platinum, etoposide, and anti-PD-L1 antibody) in patients (pts) with extensive-stage small cell lung carcinoma (ES-SCLC).
Authors: Peters Solange , Champiat Stephane , Yoshida Tatsuya , Dorleacq Nicolas , Ma Yiyuan , Geng Lijiang , Leal Ticiana 
Published: June 2024

TPS8127 Background: Platinum/etoposide chemotherapy in combination with anti-PD-L1 antibodies is the 1L standard of care (SoC) for pts with ES-SCLC. However, most pts relapse and subsequent treatment (Tx) options are limited. Hence, outcomes are poor with a 5-year survival rate of < 7%. Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is a Notch receptor ligand expressed on tumor cells but not on normal cells. BI 764532 is an IgG-like T-cell engager (TcE) that binds simultaneously to CD3 on T-cells and DLL3 on tumor cells, resulting in selective, T-cell mediated tumor cell lysis. An ongoing Phase I trial of BI 764532 (NCT04429087) in pts with pretreated DLL3-positive tumors demonstrated an overall response rate of 28%, a disease control rate of 54%, and a manageable safety profile. Here, we describe DAREON-8 (NCT06077500), a Phase I open-label dose escalation/expansion trial of BI 764532 plus SoC as a 1L Tx for pts with ES-SCLC. Methods: Pts will be recruited from ~20 sites into this two-part trial. In Part A (dose escalation), ~30 pts will receive escalating doses of intravenous BI 764532 (target dose after step-in dosing) plus carboplatin/etoposide + atezolizumab. Dose escalation will be guided by a Bayesian logistic regression model with overdose control. Tx with BI 764532 will continue for 36 months, withdrawal or progressive disease (PD). The primary objective is to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of BI 764532 and/or the recommended dose for expansion (RDE)/recommended Phase II dose (RP2D) for BI 764532 plus SoC. Safety, efficacy and/or PK assessments will guide the RDE/RP2D. The primary endpoint focuses on the occurrence of dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) in the MTD evaluation period. In Part B (dose expansion), ~30 pts will receive BI 764532 at the RDE/RP2D determined in Part A for 36 months, withdrawal or PD and platinum/etoposide + either atezolizumab or durvalumab. The primary objective of Part B is to confirm the safety and tolerability of BI 764532 at the RDE/RP2D plus SoC Tx as measured by the occurrence of DLTs during the on-Tx period. Key inclusion criteria include confirmed ES-SCLC; no prior systemic treatment for ES-SCLC; and eligibility to receive platinum/etoposide chemotherapy + anti-PD-L1 antibodies. Key exclusion criteria include previous Tx with DLL3-targeting TcEs; persistent, unresolved toxicity from previous Txs; immunodeficiency, or systemic steroid or other immunosuppressive therapy ≤7 days prior to first dose of BI 764532; and significant cardio/cerebrovascular disease. Clinical trial information: NCT06077500 .
Epicardial Adipose Tissue Is Associated With Geometry Alteration and Diastolic Dysfunction in Prediabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hsu Jung-Chi , Huang Kuan-Chih , Lin Ting-Tse , Lee Jen-Kuang , Su Mao-Yuan M , Juang Jyh-Ming Jimmy , Wu Cho-Kai , Lin Lian-Yu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Diastolic dysfunction and alterations in cardiac geometry are early indicators of diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, the association between cardiac changes across the glucose continuum and the contribution of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) to these changes has not yet been investigated.

Purpose
In this study, we aimed to investigate the EAT on cardiac diastolic function and structural alterations along the diabetic continuum using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI).

Methods
We enrolled individuals who were categorized into groups based on glucose tolerance status. Left ventricular structure and diastolic function were assessed using echocardiography and CMRI to determine the EAT, intramyocardial fat, and associated parameters. Multivariable logistic regression models were also used.

Results
In a study of 370 patients (209 normal glucose tolerance, 82 prediabetes, 79 diabetes), those with prediabetes and diabetes showed increased heart dimensions and diastolic dysfunction, including the ratio of early mitral inflow velocity to mitral annular early diastolic velocity (7.9 ± 0.51 vs 8.5 ± 0.64 vs 10.0 ± 0.93, P = .010), left atrial volume index (28.21 ± 14.7 vs 33.2 ± 12.8 vs 37.4 ± 8.2 mL/m2, P &lt; .001), and left ventricular peak filling rate (4.46 ± 1.75 vs 3.61 ± 1.55 vs 3.20 ± 1.30 mL/s, P &lt; .001). EAT significantly increased in prediabetes and diabetes (26.3 ± 1.16 vs 31.3 ± 1.83 vs 33.9 ± 1.9 gm, P = .001), while intramyocardial fat did not differ significantly. Prediabetes altered heart geometry but not diastolic function (odds ratio [OR] 1.22 [1.02-1.83], P = .012; and 1.70 [0.79-3.68], P = .135). Diabetes significantly affected both heart structure and diastolic function (OR 1.42 [1.11-1.97], P = .032; and 2.56 [1.03-5.40], P = .034) after adjusting for covariates.

Conclusion
Elevated EAT was observed in patients with prediabetes and is associated with adverse alterations in cardiac structure and diastolic function, potentially serving as an underlying mechanism for the early onset of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
Does Baseline Facet Arthropathy Influence Early Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes After Cervical Disc Replacement?
Authors: Anwar Fatima N. , Nie James W. , Federico Vincent P. , Roca Andrea M. , Medakkar Srinath S. , Loya Alexandra C. , Lopez Gregory D. , Sayari Arash J. , Singh Kern 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Severe facet arthropathy is generally a contraindication to undergoing cervical disc replacement (CDR) due to associated instability and potentially limited improvement in neck pain caused by arthropathy. This study evaluates the influence of facet arthropathy on radiographic/early clinical outcomes after CDR.

METHODS:
One/two-level CDR patients from a single surgeon's prospectively maintained database created 2 cohorts based on facet arthropathy: grade 0-1 or 2-3 (milder/moderate arthropathy). Patient-reported outcome measures for neck disability, neck/arm pain, depressive burden, mental/physical health/function were obtained preoperatively and through final follow-up (average follow-up: 8.5 ± 6.5 months). Preoperative/postoperative radiographs measured segmental lordosis and C2-C7/segmental range of motion (ROM) and determined facet grade for each operative level. Demographic differences, perioperative variables, baseline patient-reported outcomes, and intercohort differences/changes for postoperative patient-reported/radiographic outcomes were determined.

RESULTS:
Of 161 patients, 100 were in the milder arthropathy group. There were no differences in baseline patient-reported outcomes. Patients with moderate arthropathy reported superior 6-week 12-Item Veterans Rand Mental/Physical Composite Scores (P ≤ .047, all). By final follow-up, moderate patients reported better 12-Item Veterans Rand Mental/Physical Composite Scores/Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System-Physical Function/Patient-Health Questionnaire-9 (P ≤ .049, all). Cohorts reported similar improvements in all patient-reported outcomes by 6 weeks/final follow-up. Those with more severe facet arthropathy had significantly shorter preoperative disc heights (P < .001). Accounting for baseline disc height differences, by final follow-up, moderate patients had lower segmental ROM (P = .036). There were no significant differences in radiographic measurement changes (P ≥ .264, all).

CONCLUSION:
Postoperatively, patients with moderate facet arthropathy reported lower depressive burden, better mental health/physical function, and lower segmental ROM. However, this did not translate to inferior short-term clinical outcomes. Further study should be conducted on the relationship between clinical/radiographic outcomes in CDR patients with facet arthropathy.
Extent and Boundaries of Lymph Node Stations During Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy: A Survey Among Dutch Esophageal Surgeons
Authors: Ketel M. H. M. , van der Aa D. C. , Henckens S. P. G. , Rosman C. , van Berge Henegouwen M. I. , Klarenbeek B. R. , Gisbertz S. S. ,   DES Collaboration Group
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The optimal extent of lymph node dissection (LND) and the anatomic boundaries per lymph node station (LNS) during minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for esophageal cancer remain a topic of debate. This study investigated the opinion of Dutch esophageal cancer surgeons on their routine LND extent and anatomic boundaries per LNS during MIE.

Methods
In April 2023, an English web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted. In each of the 15 Dutch hospitals performing MIE, two MIE surgeons were asked to participate. The routine LND extent (quantity, specific LNS) for distal esophageal adenocarcinoma, (dis)agreement with the TIGER definition, and anatomic boundaries for each LNS in six directions were queried.

Results
The survey was completed by 24 Dutch MIE surgeons (80% response rate). Consensus on the routine LND extent ( ≥ 85% of the participating surgeons) included the left and right paracardial, left gastric artery, celiac trunk, proximal splenic artery, common hepatic artery, subcarinal middle mediastinal paraoesophageal, lower mediastinal paraoesophageal, pulmonary ligament, and upper mediastinal paraoesophageal LNSs. Other LNSs were not widely considered routine. Although, certain anatomic boundaries were consistent among the surgeons, the majority varied, even when they agreed on the TIGER definition.

Conclusion
Significant variations in surgical practice among Dutch esophageal surgeons regarding their routine extent of LND and anatomic boundaries of LNSs during MIE were demonstrated. Variation may have an impact on clinical outcomes, hampering uniform treatment strategies and hindering comparison of performance assessments. This study highlighted the need for an international follow-up study toward one uniform defined LND during MIE for esophageal cancer.
Time to Stop? An Empirical Investigation on the Consequences of Canceling Monetary Incentives on a Digital Platform
Authors: Zhang Dongcheng , Jiang Hanchen , Qiang Maoshan , Zhang Kunpeng , Qiu Liangfei 
Published: June 2024

Practice- and Policy-Oriented Abstract Digital platforms commonly use monetary incentives to motivate users to perform specific tasks. Existing studies have shown the effects of introducing such monetary rewards on task participation and performance on public platforms. However, little is known about the impact of canceling rewards, and particularly less attention is paid to corporate platforms. Our study examines the impact of canceling monetary incentives using quasi-natural experiments on a corporate platform. We find that canceling monetary incentives is not simply the reverse process of their introduction. Specifically, compared with the increase in task participation when rewards were initially introduced, canceling these rewards leads to a sharper decrease in participation. Additionally, although introducing rewards has no significant effect on task performance, canceling rewards causes a significant decline in performance. These results suggest that canceling monetary rewards has a net negative impact on task participation and performance. Furthermore, we examine the heterogeneity of this impact concerning user motivation types and working competency levels. We also discuss the similarities and differences between corporate and public platforms in the impact of monetary incentives. Our results provide important practical implications for enterprise information systems and general information systems regarding their design of incentive strategies.