bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topology Prediction of Gas‐Separating Metal−Organic Frameworks with Low Symmetry Vertices
Authors: Wu Yichen , Xu Huoshu , Li Xinhao , Rao Yin , Yuan Sailin , Yan Yu , Zhang Yue‐Biao , Li Qiaowei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTopology serves as a blueprint for the construction of reticular structures such as metal−organic frameworks, especially for those based on building blocks with highly symmetrical shapes. However, it remains a challenge to predict the topology of the frameworks from less symmetrical units, because their corresponding vertex figures are largely deformed from the perfect geometries with no “default” net embedding. Furthermore, vertices involving flexible units may have multiple shape choices, and the competition among their designated topologies makes the structure prediction in large uncertainty. Herein, the deformation index is proposed to characterize the symmetry loss of the vertex figure by comparing it with its ideal geometry. The mathematical index is employed to predict the shapes of two in situ formed Co‐based metalloligands (pseudo‐tetrahedron and pseudo‐square), which further dictate the framework topology (flu and scu) when they are joined with the [Zr6O8]‐based cuboid units. The two frameworks with very similar constituents provide an ideal platform to investigate how the pore shapes and interconnectivity influence the gas separation. The net with cylindrical channels outperforms the other with discreate cages in C3H8/C2H6/CH4 separation, benefiting from the facile accessibility of its interaction sites to the guests imposed by the specific framework topology.
Sequential fusion‐based defense strategy against sophisticated Byzantine attacks in cognitive IoT networks
Authors: Donkeng Zemo Flavien , Bakkali Sara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract5G and 6G promise to be catalysts for the Internet of Things (IoT), enabling ultra‐massive and mission‐critical IoT. The demands of new IoT applications and the large number of connected objects being announced will exacerbate the thorny issue of spectrum scarcity in wireless communications. Cognitive radio (CR) is a revolutionary technology that promises to mitigate the problem of spectrum scarcity through more efficient use of spectrum. Integrating CR into the IoT allows objects to opportunistically access spectrum resources already allocated to a Primary User (PU) without causing interference. Spectrum sensing (SS) allows objects to be aware of the PU's spectrum occupancy status. In radio environments where the PU signal is subject to multipath and shadowing effects that degrade the channel between the PU and objects, SS performed by a single object could be inaccurate and lead to incorrect decisions about the PU's status. Cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) has been proposed to improve detection performance. However, this cooperation between objects has opened the way to a new form of attack known as the Spectrum Sensing Data Falsification (SSDF) or Byzantine attack. In a SSDF attack, attackers falsify their local sensing results before sharing them in the CSS. This attack is very harmful to the CSS and can lead to a loss of spectrum opportunities or interference with the PU. In this paper, from the attack point of view, a sophisticated Byzantine attack model that generalizes well the simple attack strategies has been proposed and allows an attacker to implement other attack strategies. From a defense point of view, a new and innovative Weighted Sequential Hypothesis Testing (WSPRT) scheme has been suggested. This ensures the security of the CSS while significantly reducing the average number of samples required for overall decision‐making in a very hostile IoT network. The results obtained from simulations carried out in various attacks scenarios show that the proposed secure CSS scheme requires at most six samples to detect the state of the PU without error when the proportion of attackers reaches 80%. This performance far exceeds that of other defense mechanisms such as classic WSPRT, SPRT, and majority rule, with which we have compared it under the same conditions. In general, for the classic WSPRT, SPRT, and majority rule mechanisms, the error rate starts to deteriorate at ratio 40% of attackers and the number of samples is greater than six and reaches 50.
Advances in high‐temperature operatable triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Cao Ruirui , Liu Ying , Li Huilin , Shen Zhitao , Li Fumin , Jia Xiaoyong , Chen Chong , Liu Rong , Luo Caiqin , Yang Wensheng , Bao Rongrong , Pan Caofeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) offers a novel approach to harness mechanical energy continuously and sustainably. It has emerged as a leading technology for converting mechanical energy into electricity. The demand for self‐powered wearable microelectronics and energy generation in extreme conditions underscores the need for efficient high‐temperature operatable TENGs (HTO‐TENGs). However, the operating environment temperature not only affects the storage and dissipation of electrons during triboelectrification, leading to decreased output performance of TENG and instability at high temperatures, but also damage to the mechanical stability and effective defects in most tribo‐materials, resulting in a further reduction in TENG's effective output power. Moreover, the unstable material properties of the triboelectric layer at high temperatures also restrict the use of the TENG in harsh environments. Therefore, it is imperative to consider the structural durability and electrical output stability of TENG when applying it in challenging working environments. This review aims to bridge this gap by providing a comprehensive overview of the current state and research advancements in HTO‐TENG for the first time. Finally, this review presents insights into future research prospects and proposes design strategies to facilitate the rapid development of the field.
Repair effect of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell‐derived small extracellular vesicles on ovarian injury induced by cisplatin
Authors: Xu Bianling , Guo Wei , He Xiaojing , Fu Zijie , Chen Hongxu , Li Jun , Ma Qingya , An Shengjun , Li Xiaodong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted by human umbilical cord have therapeutic effects on various degenerative diseases. However, the characteristics and potential functions of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (huMSCs)‐derived sEVs, especially the role of premature ovarian failure (POF), are poorly understood. Here, we isolated and characterized huMSCs and their sEVs. huMSCs highly expressed CD73, CD90, and CD105. huMSC‐sEVs showed typical exosomal features, highly expressing CD9, TSG101, and CD63. It was shown that huMSC‐sEVs could be taken up by granulosa cells (GCs) and damaged ovarian tissue, which increased the levels of hormone secretion and reduced GCs apoptosis. We further confirmed that the levels of follicle‐stimulating hormone in rat serum decreased dramatically, while the levels of estrogen (E2）and anti‐mullerian hormone (AMH) increased significantly with the treatment of huMSC‐sEVs. Meanwhile, huMSC‐sEVs treatment greatly reduced cell apoptosis and autophagy, while increased the phosphorylation levels of p‐PI3K and p‐Akt. Therefore, treatment with huMSC‐sEVs significantly inhibited GCs apoptosis, improved ovarian morphology, promoted follicular development, inhibited follicular over‐atresia, and improved ovarian reserve capacity in POF rats. Our study verified that activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and regulation of cellular autophagy, thus reducing GCs death, are the mechanisms by which huMSC‐sEVs restore ovarian tissue function.
Evaluation of cardiac findings using speckle‐tracking echocardiography in fetuses with hemoglobin Bart's disease
Authors: Anuwutnavin S. , Russameecharoen K. , Ruangvutilert P. , Viboonchard S. , Yaiyiam C. , Sklansky M. , DeVore G. R. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveHemoglobin (Hb) Bart's disease is a severe manifestation of alpha‐thalassemia, resulting in fetal tissue hypoxia and severe anemia. There is limited research available on assessing speckle‐tracking analysis of the fetal heart as a response to fetal anemia caused by Hb Bart's disease. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of fetal cardiac measurements derived from speckle‐tracking analysis to identify fetuses with Bart's anemia between 17 and 24 weeks of gestation.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included 115 women with singleton pregnancies at risk for fetal Hb Bart's disease who underwent either amniocentesis or cordocentesis at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, in the period between January 2019 and January 2021. Speckle‐tracking analysis of the fetal heart was performed in the four‐chamber view (4CV), assessing ventricular size and shape, ventricular contractility and left ventricular function, prior to invasive prenatal testing. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine significant cardiac predictors and calculate the probability of a fetus having Hb Bart's anemia.ResultsAmong the cohort, 38 (33.0%) fetuses were diagnosed with Hb Bart's disease, and of these, nine (23.7%) cases exhibited fetal hydrops. In comparison to the control group, affected fetuses displayed enlargement of the 4CV, with a globular shape of the right ventricular chamber. Additionally, there were significant reductions in both global and longitudinal left ventricular contractility in non‐hydropic affected fetuses compared with the controls. At mid‐gestation, no significant differences were observed in transverse contractility or left ventricular function, except for the ejection fraction, between the two groups. Based on logistic regression analysis, combined cardiac measurements derived from speckle‐tracking analysis, as a function of head circumference, could differentiate non‐hydropic fetuses with Hb Bart's anemia from unaffected fetuses, achieving a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 98.7% and overall accuracy of 99.1%.ConclusionsSpeckle‐tracking analysis of the fetal heart has the potential to accurately identify early fetal cardiac changes during the second trimester in individuals with Bart's anemia. These findings not only offer a novel predictive marker for Hb Bart's anemia, but also help address the question of the underlying mechanisms of heart failure associated with fetal anemia. © 2024 The Author(s). Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Maternal vascular indices at 36 weeks' gestation in pregnancy with small or growth‐restricted fetus
Authors: Szczepkowska A. , Adjahou S. , Papastefanou I. , De Pauli M. , Nicolaides K. H. , Charakida M. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo compare maternal vascular indices and hemodynamic parameters at 35–37 weeks' gestation in pregnancies complicated by delivery of a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) or growth‐restricted (FGR) neonate.MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of women with a singleton pregnancy attending for a routine hospital visit at 35 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks' gestation. The visit included recording of maternal demographic characteristics, medical history, vascular indices and hemodynamic parameters, which were obtained using a non‐invasive operator‐independent device and included pulse‐wave velocity, augmentation index, cardiac output, stroke volume, central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total peripheral resistance and heart rate. Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were excluded. SGA was diagnosed if birth weight was < 10th percentile. FGR was diagnosed if, in addition to birth weight < 10th percentile, at the 35–37‐week scan, uterine artery or umbilical artery pulsatility index (PI) was > 95th percentile or fetal middle cerebral artery PI was < 5th percentile.ResultsAmong the 6413 women included in the study, there were 605 (9.4%) cases of SGA, 133 (2.1%) cases of FGR and 5675 (88.5%) cases that were unaffected by SGA or FGR. Women with SGA or FGR, compared to unaffected pregnancies, had increased peripheral vascular resistance and reduced cardiac output. Central systolic and diastolic blood pressure were increased in the FGR group compared with the unaffected group. Aortic stiffness, as assessed by pulse‐wave velocity, and augmentation index did not differ between affected and unaffected pregnancies. In the FGR group, compared with the SGA group, central systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher, whereas heart rate was lower.ConclusionsSGA and FGR pregnancies exhibit deranged maternal hemodynamic responses compared with unaffected pregnancies. Pregnancies with FGR have higher central blood pressure compared to those with SGA, but it remains unclear whether these differences are driven by the size of the fetus or pathological fetal growth. © 2024 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Effects of wind shear and thrust coefficient on the induction zone of a porous disk: A wind tunnel study
Authors: Ahmed Wasi Uddin , Iungo Giacomo Valerio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNeglecting the velocity reduction in the induction zone of wind turbines can lead to overestimates of power production predictions, and, thus, of the annual energy production for a wind farm. An experimental study on the induction zone associated with wind turbine operations is performed in the boundary‐layer test section of the BLAST wind tunnel at UT Dallas using stereo particle image velocimetry. This experiment provides a detailed quantification of the wind speed decrease associated with the induction zone for two different incoming flows, namely, uniform flow and boundary layer flow. Operations of wind turbines in different regions of the power curve are modeled in the wind tunnel environment with two porous disks with a solidity of 50.4% and 32.3%, which correspond to thrust coefficients of 0.71 and 0.63, respectively. The porous disks are designed to approximate the wake velocity profiles previously measured for utility‐scale wind turbines through scanning wind LiDARs. The results show that the streamwise velocity at one rotor diameter upwind of both disks decreases 1% more for the boundary layer flow than for the uniform flow. Further, the effect of shear in front of the disk with a higher thrust coefficient can be observed until 1.75 rotor diameter upwind of the disk, whereas for the disk with a lower thrust coefficient, the effect of shear becomes negligible at 1.25 rotor diameter upwind. It is found that at one rotor diameter upwind, for both incoming flows, the disk having a higher thrust coefficient has 2% more velocity reduction than the lower‐thrust‐coefficient disk. The results suggest that the variability in wind shear and rotor thrust coefficient, which is encountered during typical operations of wind turbines, should be considered for the development of improved models for predictions of the rotor induction zone, the respective cumulative effects in the presence of multiple turbines, namely, wind farm blockage, and more accurate predictions of wind farm power capture.
Assessment of groundwater quality for drinking purposes of Malda District, India: Using WQI and GIS technique
Authors: Akram Md Wasim , Rahman Fazlur , Khan Danish , Ahmad Sarfaraz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWater, an essential life‐sustaining resource, holds global significance. Groundwater, a crucial component, provides substantial benefits to communities worldwide. This study focuses on evaluating the quality and suitability of groundwater for drinking purposes in the Malda district, employing methodologies that include the water quality index and geographic information systems. The data collected from West Bengal's groundwater yearbook for March 2020–2021 form the basis of this investigation. Following World Health Organization and Bureau of Indian Standards standard procedures, the study examines physicochemical characteristics and identifies hazardous elements such as potential of hydrogen, electrical conductivity, total hardness, Ca+, Na+, HCO3, F, Fe, SO4, K+, total dissolved solids, NO3, and Mg+. The findings reveal an alkaline nature in the groundwater of the Malda district, with dominant ions including HCO3−, F−, SO4−, and Cl−. Major cation chemistry is observed in Mg+, Ca+, and K+. Using the water quality index method, the results indicate 39% falling within the “excellent” category, 13% in “good” water quality, 34% considered “unsuitable,” 8% categorized as “poor,” and 4% falling into the “very poor” water quality bracket. The study's correlation and cluster analyses reveal complex relationships and distinct groupings among various parameters, emphasizing the need for comprehensive groundwater management. The study underscores the necessity for appropriate remediation measures to address high concentrations of trace metals in groundwater, posing potential health risks for domestic use. The incorporation of geographic information systems methodologies enhances the spatial understanding of these findings. This research contributes valuable insights for sustainable water resource management in the Malda district.
Women Geologists 1780–1840: Re-reading Charlotte Murchison
Authors: Buckland Adelene 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt has long been established that many women were interested participants in the earth sciences in the first half of the nineteenth century. Until now, much of the scholarship has focused on the figure of the “geological wife” (or daughter or sister), whose skills in languages, drawing, and fossil collecting often provided invaluable assistance to their husbands. But since they are viewed as helpmates, or assistants, these women’s stories have mostly been told through the lens of the careers of their male family members, and they only rarely have been considered to have played any creative role in the research. This essay reconsiders that scholarship by looking at the work of Charlotte Murchison (née Hugonin). Re-evaluating Charlotte’s work, the essay demonstrates the key role her fossil collection and illustrations played in the development of key theoretical ideas (including Charles Lyell’s uniformitarianism) in the 1820s, and that the significance of her work was a key factor in pushing for women’s access to academic geological lectures in the 1830s. Charlotte’s story – told on its own terms – exposes the limitations of viewing women’s participation as familial assistance. It enables us to see how this paradigm has obfuscated our understanding of women’s intellectual autonomy, and of their significant, independent research achievements.
An explicit example of an iteration group in the ring of formal power series
Authors: Jabłoński Wojciech 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe give an example of some iteration group in a ring of formal power series over a field of characteristic 0. It allows us to obtain an explicit formula for some one-parameter group of (truncated) formal power series under an additional condition. Consequently, we are able to show some non-commutative groups of solutions of the third Aczél-Jabotinsky differential equation in the ring of truncated formal power series.
Initiation of acute pancreatitis in mice is independent of fusion between lysosomes and zymogen granules
Authors: Zierke Lukas , John Daniel , Gischke Marcel , Tran Quang Trung , Sendler Matthias , Weiss Frank Ulrich , Bornscheuer Uwe T. , Ritter Christoph , Lerch Markus M. , Aghdassi Ali A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe co-localization of the lysosomal protease cathepsin B (CTSB) and the digestive zymogen trypsinogen is a prerequisite for the initiation of acute pancreatitis. However, the exact molecular mechanisms of co-localization are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of lysosomes in the onset of acute pancreatitis by using two different experimental approaches. Using an acinar cell-specific genetic deletion of the ras-related protein Rab7, important for intracellular vesicle trafficking and fusion, we analyzed the subcellular distribution of lysosomal enzymes and the severity of pancreatitis in vivo and ex vivo. Lysosomal permeabilization was performed by the lysosomotropic agent Glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide (GPN). Acinar cell-specific deletion of Rab7 increased endogenous CTSB activity and despite the lack of re-distribution of CTSB from lysosomes to the secretory vesicles, the activation of CTSB localized in the zymogen compartment still took place leading to trypsinogen activation and pancreatic injury. Disease severity was comparable to controls during the early phase but more severe at later time points. Similarly, GPN did not prevent CTSB activation inside the secretory compartment upon caerulein stimulation, while lysosomal CTSB shifted to the cytosol. Intracellular trypsinogen activation was maintained leading to acute pancreatitis similar to controls. Our results indicate that initiation of acute pancreatitis seems to be independent of the presence of lysosomes and that fusion of lysosomes and zymogen granules is dispensable for the disease onset. Intact lysosomes rather appear to have protective effects at later disease stages.
On the Number of Neighborly Simplices in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$
Authors: Kisielewicz Andrzej P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTwo d-dimensional simplices in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

are neighborly if its intersection is a $$(d-1)$$

(
d
-
1
)

-dimensional set. A family of d-dimensional simplices in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

is called neighborly if every two simplices of the family are neighborly. Let $$S_d$$

S
d

be the maximal cardinality of a neighborly family of d-dimensional simplices in $$\mathbb {R}^d$$

R

d

. Based on the structure of some codes $$V\subset \{0,1,*\}^n$$

V
⊂

{
0
,
1
,

∗
}

n

it is shown that $$\lim _{d\rightarrow \infty }(2^{d+1}-S_d)=\infty $$

lim

d
→
∞

(

2

d
+
1

-

S
d

)

=
∞

. Moreover, a result on the structure of codes $$V\subset \{0,1,*\}^n$$

V
⊂

{
0
,
1
,

∗
}

n

is given.
Characterizing stay-green in barley across diverse environments: unveiling novel haplotypes
Authors: Brunner Stephanie M. , Dinglasan Eric , Baraibar Silvina , Alahmad Samir , Katsikis Christina , van der Meer Sarah , Godoy Jayfred , Moody David , Smith Millicent , Hickey Lee , Robinson Hannah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Key message
There is variation in stay-green within barley breeding germplasm, influenced by multiple haplotypes and environmental conditions. The positive genetic correlation between stay-green and yield across multiple environments highlights the potential as a future breeding target.

Abstract
Barley is considered one of the most naturally resilient crops making it an excellent candidate to dissect the genetics of drought adaptive component traits. Stay-green, is thought to contribute to drought adaptation, in which the photosynthetic machinery is maintained for a longer period post-anthesis increasing the photosynthetic duration of the plant. In other cereal crops, including wheat, stay-green has been linked to increased yield under water-limited conditions. Utilizing a panel of diverse barley breeding lines from a commercial breeding program we aimed to characterize stay-green in four environments across two years. Spatiotemporal modeling was used to accurately model senescence patterns from flowering to maturity characterizing the variation for stay-green in barley for the first time. Environmental effects were identified, and multi-environment trait analysis was performed for stay-green characteristics during grain filling. A consistently positive genetic correlation was found between yield and stay-green. Twenty-two chromosomal regions with large effect haplotypes were identified across and within environment types, with ten being identified in multiple environments. In silico stacking of multiple desirable haplotypes showed an opportunity to improve the stay-green phenotype through targeted breeding. This study is the first of its kind to model barley stay-green in a large breeding panel and has detected novel, stable and environment specific haplotypes. This provides a platform for breeders to develop Australian barley with custom senescence profiles for improved drought adaptation.