bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Analytical Adhesion Model for Elastic Contact Electrification
Authors: Xu Yang , Mulvihill Daniel M. , Wu Yue , Li Xiaobao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Contact electrification is a universal phenomenon that commonly occurs in almost every solid–solid contact pair. The tribo-charges deposited on two surfaces by contact electrification can significantly affect adhesion; however, contact electrification is often overlooked in the study of adhesive contact. Here, we develop an analytical model to investigate electroadhesion during the contact phase between two initially uncharged dielectric surfaces, namely, an elastic parabolic surface and a rigid flat. A system of nonlinear equations is derived to describe the relationship between the indentation, normal load, radius of contact area, and radius of the charged zone using the Barthel–Maugis–Dugdale model (Barthel, 1999, “Modelling the Adhesion of Spheres: When the Form of the Interaction Is Complex, Colloids. Surf., A., 149, pp. 99105.). The analytical results show good agreement with the numerical results of the full self-consistent contact model. When contact electrification leads to a higher tribo-charge density and a larger charged zone, it has a greater impact on the normal traction, interfacial gap, force-approach curves, jump-out, and dissipated energy. The analytical model developed in this study serves as the foundation for advances in rough surface electroadhesive contact and electroadhesion testing, and it sheds light on the usage of adhesive joints in ultra-high vacuum environments and outer space, where contact electrification has a significant impact.
Hydrodynamic Performance of an Inverted Trapezoidal Breakwater with Permeable Retrofit
Authors: Kumaran V. , Venkateswarlu V. , Raja Pandi R. , Nishad C. S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The scattering of incident waves by a surface-piercing inverted trapezoidal breakwater (SPTB) encircled by retrofit is numerically examined based on the assumptions of potential flow theory. The dual boundary element method is adopted to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of the retrofitted SPTB breakwater. The scattering coefficients (i.e., wave transmission, wave reflection, energy loss), and force coefficients acting on the inner SPTB and outer retrofit are reported against relative water depth for various input values of breakwater and incident waves. The SPTB with 10% porosity, spacing S/h=0.25, width varied within 1.5≤B/W≤2, and depth d/h=0.2 is suggested against the incident waves to secure the coastal infrastructure.
Unmanned Floating Object Transportation Applying Multiple Dynamic Positioning Tugboats: A Novel Cooperative Control Algorithm
Authors: Jiang Xu , Wang Lei , Wang Yiting 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To promote the automation and intelligence of marine floating object transportation, this paper proposes a cooperative consensus control algorithm for multiple unmanned dynamic positioning (DP) tugboats to transport an unactuated floating structure object using cables. The major concept of present algorithm is to implement a leader-follower formation strategy among distributed tugboats, with the aim of effectively maneuvering the object by adjusting the relative position between the virtual leader and the object in a reasonable manner. A cooperative consensus controller is integrated into the feedback controller of each tugboat local DP system in order to facilitate cooperative coordination among tugboats in a formation. A customized DP system, which incorporates the radial basis function neural network supervisor control into the DP controller design and introduces nonlinear disturbance observer into the low-frequency motion state observer design, is proposed to address cable tension disturbances, and thus, the tracking performance of the DP tugboat is improved. Full-scale nonlinear time domain simulations are performed under variable environmental conditions, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed automatic towing control scheme.
Rapid
in vitro
activity of telavancin against
Bacillus anthracis
and
in vivo
protection against inhalation anthrax infection in the rabbit model
Authors: Lawrence William S. , Peel Jennifer E. , Slayden Richard A. , Peterson Johnny W. , Baze Wallace B. , Hensel Martha E. , Whorton Elbert B. , Beasley David W. C. , Cummings Jason E. , Macias-Perez Ines 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Inhalation anthrax is the most severe form of
Bacillus anthracis
infection, often progressing to fatal conditions if left untreated. While recommended antibiotics can effectively treat anthrax when promptly administered, strains engineered for antibiotic resistance could render these drugs ineffective. Telavancin, a semisynthetic lipoglycopeptide antibiotic, was evaluated in this study as a novel therapeutic against anthrax disease. Specifically, the aims were to (i) assess
in vitro
potency of telavancin against 17
B. anthracis
isolates by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) testing and (ii) evaluate protective efficacy in rabbits infected with a lethal dose of aerosolized anthrax spores and treated with human-equivalent intravenous telavancin doses (30 mg/kg every 12 hours) for 5 days post-antigen detection versus a humanized dose of levofloxacin and vehicle control. Blood samples were collected at various times post-infection to assess the level of bacteremia and antibody production, and tissues were collected to determine bacterial load. The animals’ body temperatures were also recorded. Telavancin demonstrated potent bactericidal activity against all strains tested (MICs 0.06–0.125 μg/mL). Further, telavancin conveyed 100% survival in this model and cleared
B. anthracis
from the bloodstream and organ tissues more effectively than a humanized dose of levofloxacin. Collectively, the low MICs against all strains tested and rapid bactericidal
in vivo
activity demonstrate that telavancin has the potential to be an effective alternative for the treatment or prophylaxis of anthrax infection.
Estimating the productivity cost of administrative duties and work-related engagements from submission trends during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown
Authors: Casadevall Arturo , F. Clark Lorraine 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

During the initial months of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic,
mBio
experienced a large increase in the number of submissions, a phenomenon that was also observed for journals of different fields. Since most research laboratories were closed, this increase cannot reflect increased research activity. In this editorial, we propose that the increase in submissions reflected the release of a backlog of unpublished work following a reduction in work-related engagements including scientific travel, which in turn provides an estimate of the productivity costs of such activities on research output.
Novel induction of broad-spectrum antibiotics by the human pathogen
Legionella
Authors: Shin Carson J. , O'Connor Tamara J. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

The majority of antibiotics are natural products, with microorganism-generated molecules and their derivatives being the most prevalent source of drugs to treat infections. Thus, identifying natural products remains the most valuable resource for novel therapeutics. Here, we report the discovery of a series of dormant bacteria in honey that have bactericidal activity toward
Legionella
, a bacterial pathogen that causes respiratory disease in humans. We show that, in response to bacterial products secreted by
Legionella
, the honey bacteria release diffusible antimicrobial molecules. Remarkably, the honey bacteria only produce these molecules in response to
Legionella
spp., when compared to a panel of 24 bacterial pathogens from different genera. However, the molecules induced by
Legionella
have broad activity against several clinically important pathogens, including many high-priority pathogens. Thus,
Legionella
spp. are potent drivers of antimicrobial molecule production by uncharacterized bacteria isolated from honey, providing access to new antimicrobial products and an unprecedented strategy for discovering novel antibiotics.

IMPORTANCE
Natural products generated by microorganisms remain the most viable and abundant source of new antibiotics. However, their discovery depends on the ability to isolate and culture the producing organisms and to identify conditions that promote antibiotic production. Here, we identify a series of previously undescribed bacteria isolated from raw honey and specific culture conditions that induce the production of antimicrobial molecules that are active against a wide variety of pathogenic bacteria.
A high-dimensional platform for observing neutrophil–parasite interactions
Authors: Thompson Brandon A. , Revilla Julio , Brovero Savannah , Burgess Stacey L. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Diarrheal diseases with infectious etiology remain a major cause of death globally, particularly in low-income countries.
Entamoeba histolytica
is a pathogenic protozoan parasite that is the causative agent of amebiasis. Amebiasis has a wide presentation in clinical severity with many factors, including the bacterial microbiota, contributing to this variation. The innate immune response also plays a critical role in regulating the severity of
E. histolytica
infection, with neutrophils reported to have a protective role. Despite this, the precise mechanism of how neutrophils mediate amebic killing is poorly understood. Thus, modern platforms that allow for inquiry of granulocyte–ameba interactions will increase our understanding of this disease. Herein, we describe an assay for neutrophil killing of
E. histolytica
by utilizing high-dimensional spectral flow cytometry. Neutrophils were isolated from wild-type 5-week-old C57BL/6 mice and co-cultured with
E. histolytica
at various multiplicity of infections (MOIs). After co-culture, neutrophils and
E. histolytica
were stained for spectral flow cytometry. Cell populations were identified using surface markers and fluorescence minus one (FMO) controls. We have previously shown that animals colonized with a component of the human microbiota,
Clostridium scindens
, were protected from
E. histolytica
. This protection was associated with elevated neutrophil count. Here, we explored amebic killing capacity and observed that neutrophils from animals with
C. scindens
possessed heightened amebic killing compared with controls. Thus, this study establishes a novel platform that can provide an in-depth analysis of granulocyte–parasite interactions in various contexts, including during alteration of the intestinal microbiota.

IMPORTANCE

The tools for studying host immune cell
–E. histolytica
interactions are limited. Factors, such as parasite heterogeneity, infectivity, and difficulties with culture systems and animal models, make interrogation of these interactions challenging. Thus,
Entamoeba
researchers can benefit from next-generation models that allow for the analysis of both host and parasite cells. Here, we demonstrate the use of a novel platform that allows for the determination of parasite–host cell interactions and customizable high-dimensional phenotyping of both populations. Indeed, spectral flow cytometry can approach >40 markers on a single panel and can be paired with custom-developed parasite antibodies that can be conjugated to fluorochromes via commercially available kits. This platform affords researchers the capability to test highly precise hypotheses regarding host–parasite interactions.
Turbidite correlation for paleoseismology
Authors: Nieminski Nora M. , Sylvester Zoltán , Covault Jacob A. , Gomberg Joan , Staisch Lydia , McBrearty Ian W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Marine turbidite paleoseismology relies on the assumption of synchronous triggering of turbidity currents by earthquake shaking to infer rupture extent and recurrence. Such inference commonly depends on age dating and correlation of the physical stratigraphy of deposits carried by turbidity currents (i.e., turbidites) across great distances. Along the Cascadia subduction zone, which lies offshore the Pacific Northwest, USA, turbidite facies in core photographs, X-ray computed tomography images, and magnetic susceptibility (MS) data exhibit differences in character over relatively short distances, which implies that not all deposits can be correlated with confidence. Thus, subjective correlation based on expected similarity over great distances and weak age constraints does not independently support paleoseismic models. We present a new method for correlating turbidites along the Cascadia margin that can yield a more objective and repeatable stratigraphic framework to underpin earthquake recurrence. We use dynamic time warping to correlate MS logs and measure correlation coefficients of core pairs to evaluate correlation strength. We then compare these measures to a distribution of correlation coefficients of randomly generated turbidite sequences and find that only a small number of core pairs can be correlated more confidently than randomly stacked turbidites. This methodology promises a more robust correlation strategy for future stratigraphic studies.
Impact of oxidative stress on myocardial performance in patients with diabetes: a focus on subclinical left ventricular dysfunction
Authors: Oksen Dogac , Aslan Muzaffer 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionOxidative stress is known to affect left ventricular functions negatively. There is a strong bidirectional connection between diabetes mellitus (DM) and oxidative stress. In parallel, left ventricular dysfunction is observed more frequently, even in patients with DM without other risk factors. In this context, the objective of this study is to comparatively investigate the potential relationship between oxidative stress and subclinical left ventricular dysfunction (SCLVD) assessed by Myocardial Performance Index (MPI) in patients with and without DM.Research design and methodsThe sample of this observational cross-sectional single-center study consisted of 151 patients who were evaluated for oxidative stress and SCLVD by tissue Doppler echocardiography. Patients’ total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), and Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) values were calculated. The effects of oxidative stress and DM on MPI were analyzed.ResultsThere were 81 patients with DM (mean age: 46.17±10.33 years) and 70 healthy individuals (mean age: 45.72±9.04 years). Mean TOS and OSI values of the DM group were higher than healthy individuals (5.72±0.55 vs 5.31±0.50, p = <0.001; and 4.92±1.93 vs 1.79±0.39, p = <0.001; respectively). The mean TAS value of the DM group was significantly lower than the healthy group (1.21±0.40 vs 3.23±0.51, p = <0.001). There was a significant correlation between OSI and MPI mitral in the DM group (R 0.554, p = <0.001) but not in the healthy group (R −0.069, p=0.249).ConclusionsBoth oxidative stress and myocardial dysfunction were found to be more common in patients with DM. The study’s findings indicated the negative effect of oxidative stress on myocardial functions. Accordingly, increased oxidative stress caused more significant deterioration in MPI in patients with DM compared with healthy individuals.
Psychological readiness for injury recovery: evaluating psychometric properties of the IPRRS and assessing group differences in injured physically active individuals
Authors: Dluzniewski Alexandra , Casanova Madeline P , Ullrich-French Sarah , Brush Christopher J , Larkins Lindsay W , Baker Russell T 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe primary purpose of the study was to assess the one-factor and two-factor structure of the Injury Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport Scale (IPRRS) in an injured physically active population using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) procedures and assess group (ie, sex, age, injury type, athlete status) and longitudinal differences using structural equation modelling (eg, invariance testing).MethodsThe non-experimental study included a sample of 629 physically active individuals who suffered a musculoskeletal injury who sought treatment at an outpatient integrated sport medicine and rehabilitation therapy clinic. Participants filled out a questionnaire packet at three time points. Data analysis included a CFA and multigroup and longitudinal invariance.ResultsSample mean age was 26.3 years, with females comprising 49.5%. Chronic injuries represented 29.6% of the sample and 35.0% were classified as competitive athletes. A six-item, one-factor model was confirmed in the sample with factor loadings ranging from 0.67 to 0.86. Multigroup and longitudinal invariance were established. Multigroup invariance demonstrated null differences between sex and injury type, and statistical differences between age and athlete status subgroups. Longitudinal invariance demonstrated a statistically significant increase in psychological readiness over time.ConclusionsThe findings support the use of the IPRRS as a tool to measure aspects of psychological readiness. Clinicians and researchers can use the IPRRS to assess interventions in future research.
Heavy resistance training at retirement age induces 4-year lasting beneficial effects in muscle strength: a long-term follow-up of an RCT
Authors: Bloch-Ibenfeldt Mads , Theil Gates Anne , Karlog Karoline , Demnitz Naiara , Kjaer Michael , Boraxbekk Carl-Johan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesMuscle function and size decline with age, but long-term effects of resistance training in older adults are largely unknown. Here, we explored the long-lasting (3 years) effects of 1 year of supervised resistance training with heavy loads.MethodsThe LIve active Successful Ageing (LISA) study was a parallel group randomised controlled trial at a university hospital in Denmark. Older adults (n=451) at retirement age were randomised to 1 year of heavy resistance training (HRT), moderate-intensity training (MIT) or a non-exercising control group (CON). Primary outcome measure was leg extensor power. Secondary outcomes included maximal isometric quadriceps torque (isometric leg strength) and body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)). Participants completed test procedures at baseline, following the 1-year intervention, and 2 and 4 years post study start.ResultsAt the 4-year assessment, 369 participants attended (mean age=71 years, 61% women). The main finding was that across all four time points, there was a significant group×time interaction in isometric leg strength (F6,1049=8.607, p<0.001,η2=0.05). Individuals in HRT maintained baseline performance in isometric leg strength (Baseline: 149.7±51.5 Nm, 4 years: 151.5±51.1 Nm, t(1050)=1.005, p=1.00) while participants in CON and MIT decreased.ConclusionIn well-functioning older adults at retirement age, 1 year of HRT may induce long-lasting beneficial effects by preserving muscle function.Trial registration numberNCT02123641.
Increased risk of cardiovascular events under the treatments with Janus kinase inhibitors versus biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective longitudinal population-based study using the Japanese health insurance database
Authors: Sakai Ryoko , Tanaka Eiichi , Inoue Eisuke , Harigai Masayoshi 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesTo compare the risk of cardiovascular events among Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKIs), biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) (tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFIs) and non-TNFIs) and methotrexate (MTX) in Japanese patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsUsing Japanese claims data, patients with RA were enrolled in this study if they had at least one ICD-10 code (M05 or M06), were new users of JAKIs, bDMARDs or MTX between July 2013 and July 2020 and being 18 years old or older. The incidence rate (IR), IR ratio and adjusted hazard ratio (aHR (95% CI)) of cardiovascular events including venous thromboembolism, arterial thrombosis, acute myocardial infarction and stroke were calculated. A time-dependent Cox regression model adjusted for patient characteristics at baseline was used to calculate aHR.ResultsIn 53 448 cases, IRs/1000 patient-years of the overall cardiovascular events were 10.1, 6.8, 5.4, 9.1 and 11.3 under the treatments with JAKIs, bDMARDs, TNFIs, non-TNFIs and MTX, respectively. The adjusted HRs of JAKIs for overall cardiovascular events were 1.7 (1.1 to 2.5) versus TNFIs without MTX and 1.7 (1.1 to 2.7) versus TNFIs with MTX.ConclusionsAmong patients with RA, individuals using JAKIs had a significantly higher risk of overall cardiovascular events than TNFIs users, which was attributed to the difference in the risk between JAKIs and TNFIs versus MTX. These data should be interpreted with caution because of the limitations associated with the claims database.
The Book Review Column
Authors: Tran Nicholas 
Published: June 2024

Leslie Valiant, the father of computational learning theory, has written a new book, The Importance of Being Educable: A New Theory of Human Uniqueness (Princeton University Press, 2024), which proposes "educability" as a potentially more scientific theory of human cognition.
Leslie Valiant, the father of computational learning theory, has written a new book, The Importance of Being Educable: A New Theory of Human Uniqueness (Princeton University Press, 2024), which proposes "educability" as a potentially more scientific theory of human cognition.
Theorems of the 21st Century, Volume 1 by Bogdan Grechuk (Springer Nature Switzerland, 2019) deposits the first installment of important yet approachable results gleaned from the Annals of Mathematics in the first decade of the twenty-first century, from the point of view of an International Mathematical Olympiad gold and silver medalist.
First Principles Calculations of Novel Binary Transition Metal Oxides NaCr0.5X0.5O2 (X = Y, Tc, Rh) for Na-Ion Batteries
Authors: Aysha Urwa Tul , Murtaza G. , Muhammad Nawaz , Usman Ahmad , Ayyaz Ahmad , Saleem Saba , Ali Hafiz Irfan , Alqorashi Afaf Khadr , Awwad Nasser S. 
Published: June 2024

Recently, layered transition metal oxides have demonstrated voltage windows favorable for use as cathodes in sodium-ion batteries, leading to increased specific capacity and energy density. Here, NaCr0.5Y0.5O2, NaCr0.5Tc0.5O2, and NaCr0.5Rh0.5O2 were studied by using first-principles calculations to elucidate their properties. There is a trigonal arrangement in the structure of both pure and substituted NaCrO2. Structural characteristics reveal the ferromagnetic behavior of these compounds (NaCr0.5X0.5O2; X = Y, Tc, Rh). We calculated the density of states and spin-polarized electronic band structures for the three compounds tested. NaCr0.5Y0.5O2 and NaCr0.5Rh0.5O2 exhibit diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) behavior, while NaCr0.5Tc0.5O2 has half-metallic (HM) behavior. The substitutional material’s ferromagnetic nature is confirmed by the negative values of the exchange constants (Nօ
α and Nօ
β). The fractional value of the magnetic moment also confirms the DMS nature of NaCr0.5Y0.5O2 and NaCr0.5Rh0.5O2, while the HM behavior is confirmed by the integral value of the magnetic moment for NaCr0.5Tc0.5O2. The thermoelectric characteristics were computed using the BoltzTraP code. Alectrochemical analysis of NaCr0.5Y0.5O2 showed a theoretical discharge capacity of 400 mhAg−1 and an average intercalation voltage of 4.87 V, calculated from the total energies of the optimized compounds and their de-sodianted phases. These theoretical computations demonstrate that the binary layered TM oxides studied are appropriate substances to employ in coin cell fabrication as cathodes.