bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eosinophil‐Activating Semiconducting Polymer Nanoparticles for Cancer Photo‐Immunotherapy
Authors: Zhang Chi , Huang Jingsheng , Xu Mengke , Yu Jie , Wei Xin , He Shasha , Pu Kanyi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEosinophils are important immune effector cells that affect T cell‐mediated antitumor immunity. However, the low frequency and restrained activity of eosinophils restricted the outcome of cancer immunotherapies. We herein report an eosinophil‐activating semiconducting polymer nanoparticle (SPNe) to improve photodynamic tumor immunogenicity, modulate eosinophil chemotaxis, and reinvigorate T‐cell immunity for activated cancer photo‐immunotherapy. SPNe comprises an amphiphilic semiconducting polymer and a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitor sitagliptin via a 1O2‐cleavable thioketal linker. Upon localized NIR photoirradiation, SPNe generates 1O2 to elicit immunogenic cell death of tumors and induce specific activation of sitagliptin. The subsequent inhibition of DPP4 increases intratumoral CCL11 levels to promote eosinophil chemotaxis and activation. SPNe‐mediated photo‐immunotherapy synergized with immune checkpoint blockade greatly promotes tumor infiltration and activation of both eosinophils and T cells, effectively inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, this study presents a generic polymeric nanoplatform to modulate specific immune cells for precision cancer immunotherapy.
Modification induced by electronic excitation in CoFe2O4 thin films: Structural, morphological, and magnetic properties
Authors: Nongjai Razia , Bala Manju , Khan Shakeel , S. Annapoorni , Kandasami Asokan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present study focuses on the modification induced by 200 MeV Ag15+ and 100 MeV O7+ ion irradiations on the structural, surface morphological, and magnetic properties of radio frequency sputtered CoFe2O4 (CFO) thin films grown on SiO2/Si (100) substrates. X‐ray diffraction shows amorphization of the CFO thin films when irradiated with Ag ions and varies with fluences. This effect is absent in the case of O ion irradiated CFO films. These results are consistent with the measurements from the Raman spectroscopy, where the intensities of Eg and T2g modes are significantly reduced and further disappear in the high fluence. The surface morphology of the O ion irradiated films is dramatically different from the pristine and Ag ion irradiated films where the surfaces appear in nanopillars‐like patterns. The topography of the O ion irradiated films appears to be like hill and valley structures, the roughness first increases (from 10.11 to 24.39 nm). Then it decreases to 18.93 nm on further increasing ion fluence. The coercivity, remnant magnetization, and saturation magnetization increase upon irradiation at low fluence 5 × 1011 ions/cm2 for both the ion beams and then downturn with the increase of fluence 5 × 1012 ions/cm2. The changes in the magnetic and structural characteristics are ascribed to the defects induced by ion irradiation. These results are understood based on the structural and surface modifications induced by the electronic excitation of Ag and O ions. The study depicts that a controlled selection of ions and beam fluence can tailor the structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of ferrite films.
Investigation of the magnetic and structural properties in the non‐stoichiometric Heusler alloy Ni50Mn25+xSn25‐x; x = 13, 14
Authors: Anastasakos‐Paraskevopoulos Dimitris , Sarafidis Charalampos , Giannouri Maria , Alexandrakis Vasileios , Panagiotopoulos Ioannis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMemory shape magnetic alloys, especially Heusler alloys, are important materials in replacing conventional cooling with magnetic systems. In the present study off stoichiometric Heusler alloys with nominal composition Χ50Υ25+xΖ25‐x (X = Ni; Y = Mn; Z = Sn; x = 13, 14) were prepared by arc melting followed by thermal treatment. Structural properties were analyzed with X‐ray diffraction at room temperature (RT) and at elevated temperatures, above the martensite—austenite transition area, to determine the relevant crystallographic parameters and observe the transition. Martensite stabilization at RT appears to be a challenge, coexistence of martensite—austenite phases were observed and calculated for both 38–12 and 39–11 (16% and 12% austenite, respectively). Magnetization measurements versus temperature and field were recorded in the areas of interest where 1st order transitions were expected (355 K for x = 13 and 408 K for x = 14), and the magnetic entropy's changes (ΔSm) were determined [0.4 (J/kgK) for x = 13 and 0.3 J/(kgK) for x = 14; Hmax = 1 T]. The complex character of the magnetic properties and their dependence on Mn‐Sn ratio and on the distance between Mn atoms is discussed. The structure and the lattice parameters were determined using an anisotropic strain broadening model; stress and strain were detected in the structure due to crystal phase coexistence.
A living archive of the oppressed: Revisiting Taiwan's authoritarian past through Freud's “The Ego and the Id”
Authors: Kerr Nini 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper emerged from a sore spot—the kind of sore spot that pulses with an ancient ache, refusing to find stillness. The pain caught me in a passionate unrest, turning my pages and engulfing me in a subdued fury. Re‐reading Freud's The Ego and the Id through a dialogical quest with my mother, it reveals the complexities of psychosocial troubles of identity, desires, and oppression—not solely of individuals but of an entire nation. Historical reiterations of dictatorial “thou shalt” (Freud, 1923, p. 55) echo resoundingly throughout contemporary Taiwan. If Japan stood as the foreign father—stern but devoid of the embrace of love—the subsequent rule of the Republic of China, the “biological” father of Taiwan, was characterized by militarization and violence. My inquiry repositions the father, the manifold “authoritarian fathers” of Taiwan, who fixed social relations into precise configurations of dominance and submission. Furthermore, whilst Freud primarily focused on the relationship between the ego and the super‐ego, this paper highlights instead the significance of the often‐overlooked relationship between the ego and id. This nuanced perspective allows us to perceive the id as a living archive of the oppressed, preserving what has been repressed but never truly forgotten.
Graphene nanosheet reinforcement of polyurethane nanocomposite for green and sustainable photoluminescence, superhydrophobic, and anticorrosive paint
Authors: Khalaf Mai M. , Abd El‐Lateef Hany M. , Abou Taleb Manal F. , Gouda Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA simple and environmentally friendly method was developed for smart and efficient waterborne polyurethane (PUR) paint. Sugarcane bagasse was recycled into reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGONSs). Both lanthanide‐doped aluminate nanoparticles (LAN; photoluminescent agent, 7–9 nm) and rGONSs (reinforcement agent) were integrated into a waterborne polyurethane to produce a novel photoluminescent, hydrophobic, and anticorrosive nanocomposite coating. Using ferrocene‐based oxidation under masked circumstances, graphene oxide nanosheets were produced from sugarcane bagasse. The oxidized semicarbazide (SCB) nanostructures were integrated into polyurethane coatings as a drying, anticorrosion, and crosslinking agent. Polyurethane coatings with varying amounts of phosphor pigment were prepared and subsequently applied to mild steel. The produced paints (LAN/rGONSs@PUR) were tested for their hydrophobicity, hardness, and scratch resistance. Commission Internationale de l'éclairage (CIE) Laboratory parameters and photoluminescence analysis established the opacity and colourimetric properties of the nanocomposite coatings. When excited at 365 nm, the luminescent transparent paints emitted a strong greenish light at 517 nm. The anticorrosion characteristics of the coated steel were investigated. The phosphor‐containing (11% w/w) polyurethane coatings displayed the most pronounced anticorrosion capability and long‐persistent luminosity. The prepared waterborne polyurethane paints were very photostable and durable.
What gets measured well is managed well: Determining a hierarchy of interdependencies of environmental elements for effective environmental performance
Authors: Vivek Shiri , Qrunfleh Sufian , Dalela Vivek 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClimate effects of greenhouse gas emissions, land use, water use, energy use, and waste are a universal concern. With disparate reporting firms and a lack of universal measures of corporate sustainability, environmental sustainability for businesses is an afterthought, with minimal consequences for inaccurate reporting, or green washing and brown washing. This research explores four widely used reporting measures to first derive 12 universally applicable elements from five sustainability themes of emissions, land, water, energy, and waste. Using expert inputs and existing literature, the identified elements are subjected to interpretive structural modeling (ISM) to develop a framework of interdependencies among the elements and their influence on emissions. The framework identifies crucial elements, beyond carbon emissions, that have greater potential to reduce the climate impact of economic activity. Although aware of energy use implications, businesses have long ignored the indirect but catastrophic effects of non‐hazardous waste, the second level element, on climate change.
Antifungal Activity, Mode of Action, and Cytotoxicity of 4‐Chlorobenzyl p‐Coumarate: A Promising New Molecule
Authors: Vieira Melo Ana Karoline , da Nóbrega Alves Danielle , Queiroga Gomes da Costa Palloma Christine , Pereira Lopes Susiany , Pergentino de Sousa Damião , Queiroga Sarmento Guerra Felipe , Vieira Sobral Marianna , Gomes Moura Ana Paula , Scotti Luciana , Dias de Castro Ricardo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFungal infections represent a serious health problem worldwide. The study evaluated the antifungal activity of 4‐chlorobenzyl p‐coumarate, an unprecedented semi‐synthetic molecule. Docking molecular and assay experiments were conducted to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), mode of action, effect on growth, fungal death kinetics, drug association, effects on biofilm, micromorphology, and against human keratinocytes. The investigation included 16 strains of Candida spp, including C. albicans, C. krusei, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. dubliniensis, C. lusitaniae, C. utilis, C. rugosa, C. guilhermondi, and C. parapsilosis. Docking analysis predicted affinity between the molecule and all tested targets. MIC and MFC values ranged from 3.9 μg/mL (13.54 μM) to 62.5 μg/mL (217.01 μM), indicating a probable effect on the plasma membrane. The molecule inhibited growth from the first hour of testing. Association with nystatin proved to be indifferent. All concentrations of the molecule reduced fungal biofilm. The compound altered fungal micromorphology. The tested compound exhibited an IC50 of 7.90±0.40 μg/mL (27.45±1.42 μM) for keratinocytes. 4‐chlorobenzyl p‐coumarate showed strong fungicidal effects, likely through its action on the plasma membrane and alteration of fungal micromorphology, and mildly cytotoxic to human keratinocytes.
Synthesis, Biological and Molecular Docking Studies of Thiazole‐Thiadiazole derivatives as potential Anti‐Tuberculosis Agents
Authors: Shaikh Samin A. , Labhade Shivaji R. , Kale Raju R. , Pachorkar Prajakta Y. , Meshram Rohan J. , Jain Kamlesh S. , Labhade Hrishikesh S. , Boraste Deepak R. , More Rahul A. , Chobe Santosh S. , Ballabh Debopriya , Wakchaure Satish N. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTuberculosis remains a global health threat, with increasing infection rates and mortality despite existing anti‐TB drugs. The present work focuses on the research findings regarding the development and evaluation of thiadiazole‐linked thiazole derivatives as potential anti‐tuberculosis agents. We present the synthesis data and confirm the compound structures using spectroscopic techniques. The current study reports twelve thiazole‐thiadiazole compounds (5 a–5 l) for their anti‐tuberculosis and related bioactivities. This paper emphasizes compounds 5 g, 5 i, and 5 l, which exhibited promising MIC values, leading to further in silico and interaction analysis. Pharmacophore mapping data included in the present analysis identified tubercular ThyX as potential drug targets. The compounds were evaluated for anti‐tubercular activity using standard methods, revealing significant MIC values, particularly compound 5 l, with the best MIC value of 7.1285 μg/ml. Compounds 5 g and 5 i also demonstrated moderate to good MIC values against M. tuberculosis (H37Ra). Structural inspection of the docked poses revealed interactions such as hydrogen bonds, halogen bonds, and interactions containing Pi electron cloud, shedding light on conserved interactions with residues like Arg 95, Cys 43, His 69, and Arg 87 from the tubercular ThyX enzyme.
Functionalized DNA Origami‐Enabled Detection of Biomarkers
Authors: Yuan Caiqing , Zhou Fei , Xu Zhihao , Wu Dunkai , Hou Pengfei , Yang Donglei , Pan Li , Wang Pengfei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiomarkers are crucial physiological and pathological indicators in the host. Over the years, numerous detection methods have been developed for biomarkers, given their significant potential in various biological and biomedical applications. Among these, the detection system based on functionalized DNA origami has emerged as a promising approach due to its precise control over sensing modules, enabling sensitive, specific, and programmable biomarker detection. We summarize the advancements in biomarker detection using functionalized DNA origami, focusing on strategies for DNA origami functionalization, mechanisms of biomarker recognition, and applications in disease diagnosis and monitoring. These applications are organized into sections based on the type of biomarkers – nucleic acids, proteins, small molecules, and ions – and concludes with a discussion on the advantages and challenges associated with using functionalized DNA origami systems for biomarker detection.
Multifunctional DNA Nanoflower Applied for High Specific Photodynamic Cancer Therapy In Vivo
Authors: Zheng Hao , Feng Xue‐Nan , Jin Xiang‐Wan‐Er , Dai Zhi‐Qi , Lu Sha , Cui Yun‐Xi , Kong De‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is a newly emerged strategy for disease treatment. One challenge of the application of PDT drugs is the side‐effect caused by the non‐specificity of the photosensitive molecules. Most of the photosensitizers may invade not only the pathogenic cells but also the normal cells. In recent, people tried to use special cargoes to deliver the drugs into target cells. DNA nanoflowers (NFs) are a kind of newly‐emerged nanomaterial which constructed through DNA rolling cycle amplification (RCA) reaction. It is reported that the DNA NFs were suitable materials which have been widely applied as nanocargos for drug delivery in cancer chemotherapeutic treatment. In this paper, we have introduced a new multifunctional DNA NF which could be prepared through an one‐pot RCA reaction. This proposed DNA NF contained a versatile AS1411 G‐quadruplex moiety, which plays key roles not only for specific recognition of cancer cells but also for near‐infrared ray based photodynamic therapy when conjugating with a special porphyrin molecule. We demonstrated that the DNA NF showed good selectivity toward cancer cells, leading to highly efficient photo‐induced cytotoxicity. Moreover, the in vivo experiment results suggested this DNA NF is a promising nanomaterial for clinical PDT.
A rare case of non‐lupus full house nephropathy in a transplanted kidney, case report
Authors: Matarneh Ahmad Samir , Salameh Omar , Sardar Sundus , Karasinski Amanda , Channapragada Theja , Abdulbasit Muhammad , Washburn Erik , Ghahramani Nasrollah 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageNon‐lupus full house nephropathy is a rare entity that is still poorly understood. It can complicate post‐transplant kidneys and result in a de novo process. Treatment is difficult but can be possibly achieved with optimization of immune suppression.AbstractNon‐lupus full house nephropathy is a rare entity with an unclear incidence. It describes the kidney biopsy findings of positive deposits for IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C1q on immunofluorescence in the absence of the classical diagnostic features of systemic lupus nephritis. This disease entity is becoming more recognized but further studies are still needed to evaluate the incidence, etiologies, and management of this condition. Transplant glomerulopathy is a major cause for renal graft loss. It can present with a wide variety of manifestations; it can cause AKI, CKD, or glomerular inflammations through an immune complex or autoimmune‐mediated damage.
Spectroelectrochemical Exploration of Biogenic Substrates for Electrosynthesis
Authors: Kurig Nils , Palkovits Regina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpectroelectrochemistry, especially ATR‐SEIRAS, is an emerging method to identify key descriptors for optimizing reaction systems in organic electrosynthesis. Here, the upgrading of biogenic acids via Kolbe electrolysis and reductive transformations was studied. The findings affirm acid group adsorption on electrodes, consistent with existing literature. The effectiveness of Kolbe reaction in suppressing the parasitic ethanol oxidation reaction was observed, whereas it faces stiff competition from the methanol oxidation reaction. Parallel reduction and reductive amination of levulinic acid were uncovered, both relying on adsorbed organic species rather than molecular H2. Intriguingly, the electrode's polarization influences the bond strength, enabling discrimination between acid and ketone species within levulinic acid.
Hydrodeoxygenation of Oxygen‐Containing Aromatic Plastic Wastes into Cycloalkanes and Aromatics
Authors: Wang Nan , Liu Jieyi , Liu Sibao , Liu Guozhu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChemical recycling and upcycling offer promising approaches for the management of plastic wastes. Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is one of the appealing ways for conversion of oxygen‐containing plastic wastes, including polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polycarbonate (PC), polyphenyl ether (PPO), and polyether ether ketone (PEEK), into cyclic alkanes and aromatics in high yields under mild reaction conditions. The challenge lies in achieving C−O activation while preserving C−C bonds. In this review, we highlight the recent advancements in catalytic strategies and catalysts for the conversion of these oxygen‐containing plastic wastes into cycloalkanes and aromatics. The reaction systems, including multi‐step routes, direct HDO and transfer HDO methods, are exemplified. The design and performance of HDO catalysts are systematically summarized and compared. We comprehensively discuss the functions of the catalysts’ components, reaction pathway and mechanism to gain insights into the HDO process for efficient valorization of oxygen‐containing plastic wastes. Finally, we provide perspectives for this field, with specific emphasis on the non‐noble metal catalyst design, selectivity control, reaction network and mechanism studies, mixed plastic wastes management and product functionalization. We anticipate that this review will inspire innovations on the catalytic process development and rational catalyst design for the HDO of oxygen‐containing aromatic plastics to establish a low‐emission circular economy.
Soil Fertility, Fertilizers, and Crop Nutrition: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Mikkelsen Robert , Blaylock Alan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, the North American fertilizer sector has experienced significant transformations, integrating into the global supply chain, which is pivotal for sustaining an abundant source of food, fiber, and energy. While the fundamental fertilizer products containing N, P, K, and S have remained largely unchanged, common fertilizers have evolved into agricultural commodities that are extensively traded on a global scale. Consequently, farmers often lack visibility into the origins of the fertilizers used for their crops. The role of the modern plant nutrient industry is essential for feeding a hungry world and preventing degradation of vital soil resources. There is growing awareness of the need for enhanced nutrient stewardship to meet local, regional, and global concerns. This is the second article in a three‐part series on the past, present, and future of the North American fertilizer industry. Earn 1.5 CEUs in Nutrient Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Use of medical therapy and risk of clinical events according to frailty in heart failure patients – A real‐life cohort study
Authors: Zahir Anjum Deewa , Strange Jarl E. , Fosbøl Emil , Garred Caroline Hartwell , Elmegaard Mariam , Andersson Charlotte , Jhund Pardeep S. , McMurray John J.V. , Petrie Mark C. , Kober Lars , Schou Morten 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsAlthough recent randomized clinical trials have demonstrated the advantages of heart failure (HF) therapy in both frail and not frail patients, there is insufficient information on the use of HF therapy based on frailty status in a real‐world setting. The aim was to examine how frailty status in HF patients associates with use of HF therapy and with clinical outcomes.Methods and resultsPatients with new‐onset HF between 2014 and 2021 were identified using the nationwide Danish registers. Patients across the entire range of ejection fraction were included. The associations between frailty status (using the Hospital Frailty Risk Score) and use of HF therapy and clinical outcomes (all‐cause mortality, HF hospitalization, and non‐HF hospitalization) were evaluated using multivariable‐adjusted Cox models adjusting for age, sex, diagnostic setting, calendar year, comorbidities, pharmacotherapy, and socioeconomic status. Of 35 999 participants (mean age 69.1 years), 68% were not frail, 26% were moderately frail, and 6% were severely frail. The use of HF therapy was significantly lower in frailer patients. The hazard ratio (HR) for angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker initiation was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.70–0.77) and 0.48 (0.43–0.53) for moderate frailty and severe frailty, respectively. For beta‐blockers, the corresponding HRs were 0.74 (0.71–0.78) and 0.51 (0.46–0.56), respectively, and for mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, 0.83 (0.80–0.87) and 0.58 (0.53–0.64), respectively. The prevalence of death and non‐HF hospitalization increased with frailty status. The HR for death was 1.55 (1.47–1.63) and 2.32 (2.16–2.49) for moderate and severe frailty, respectively, and the HR for non‐HF hospitalization was 1.37 (1.32–1.41) and 1.82 (1.72–1.92), respectively. The association between frailty status and HF hospitalization was not significant (HR 1.08 [1.02–1.14] and 1.08 [0.97–1.20], respectively).ConclusionIn real‐world HF patients, frailty was associated with lower HF therapy use and with a higher incidence of clinical outcomes including mortality and non‐HF hospitalization.