bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Evaluation of the effectiveness of the program of the cognitive rehabilitation of patients with MCI and early dementia of Alzheimer's type
Authors: Wojtynska R. , Wlazlo A. , Trypka E. , Zimny A. , Frydecka D. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionApplying programs of early cognitive intervention, concentrated on psychological influences, constitutes the important component of comprehensive medical influences nonpharmacological, influencing to the improvement in psychological functioning, in cognitive areas and qualities of life.AimsEvaluation of the effectiveness of the multimedia program of the cognitive rehabilitation (cognitive training, psychoeducation), directed at patients with MCI and with early stage in the AD.ObjectivesOutpatients, N = 75, average of the age: 68.6 (10.14 SD), above 45 years,; MMSE > 20, I group - MCI (N = 34): with the intervention (N = 18), without (N = 16), II group - AD (N = 29): with intervention, (N = 15), without (N = 14), III group - CG: patients without cognitive disorders (N = 12).MethodsRandomized, clinical trial. Diagnosis on the base: of clinical interview, of examining a mental state, physical, TK, MRI, of laboratory tests, screening neuropsychological (MMSE, CDT, Demtect, Fluencial). Patients participated in 6 week’s program of the cognitive rehabilitation (4 × during the week) and 18 household conditions. The evaluation of the cognitive functioning, mental state, of functioning in the everyday life, of approval of illness, of satisfaction from the life, qualities of life, caregiver burden were being before and after intervention.ResultsAn improvement in cognitive functioning was get in selected aspects: of cognitive functioning (linguistic functions, memory, attention, of visual-motor coordination), of mental state, qualities of life.ConclusionsNonpharmacological influences, spreading through cognitive training and psychoeducation, at patients with dementia or MCI constitute essential element correcting their functioning in the process psychological rehabilitation.
Comparing psychological disorders between two wards of internal medicine and A&E (2005 —2006)
Authors: Dasht N. Amanat Lome , Ghorbani R. , Behnam B. , Imani A. , Sari M. Ghanbari Ghale , Khankeh H.R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionOne of the important problems of patient in internal medicine is less attention to emotional and psychological issues. The method of treatment would change when the patients have psychological problem.ObjectivesThe comparing of prevalence of mental disorders in internal medicine patients with parallel groups of A&E's patients.AimsThe evaluation of prevalence of psychological problem in internal ward and A&E.MethodsThree hundred patients have been checked in internal and emergency wards. They have chosen by a Purposive accessible sampling method. The psychopathological profile was assessed using the SCL-90 questionnaire by Iranian version. Data have been computed and analyzed by SPSS V.17 and Student t test for parametric variables and Mann-Whitney for the analysis of nonparametric variables and linear regression have been used to identify the impact of independent variables. The results have been considered significant when the two tailed p-value was less than 0.05.ResultsPhysical disorder was the main complain of internal ward (76.7%) and A&E (53.3%) patients. The main important complain of women patients in A&E were paranoid (64.3%) and in the men were physical problem (53%).In 50 or older, the main complain in internal ward was psychiatric problem (%80.6), and in the emergency units obsessive- compulsive were %50.ConclusionsPrevalence of nine psychiatric disorders in internal ward patients was significantly higher more than A&E patients. Most of patient that accepted in internal ward had psychiatric problem. Therefore, it’s necessary to pay attention to this kind of disorders for early treatment of patients.
Views of general public, mental health professionals and patients’ relatives about schizophrenia: An Italian multi-centric survey
Authors: Fiorillo A. , De Rosa C. , Malangone C. , Luciano M. , Giacco D. , Del Vecchio V. , Maj M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionViews on the causes and psychosocial consequences of schizophrenia of the Italian population, patients’ relatives and mental health professionals can influence detection and outcome of these disorders.AimsTo investigate the opinions on schizophrenia in a sample of 614 lay respondents, 465 mental health professionals and 709 key-relatives.MethodsThe survey was conducted in 30 randomly selected geographical areas with the Questionnaire about Opinions on mental illness (QO).ResultsThe results show significant differences among the three groups as regards opinions about patients’ civil rights and social competence of patients with schizophrenia. In particular, the belief that patients’ behaviors are unpredictable is maintained by 18% of mental health workers and by 35% of family members and the general public. As regards causes, 68% of relatives, 20% of mental health workers and 34% of general public believe that schizophrenia is caused by psychosocial factors only. Forty-eight percent of the relatives affirmed that they are fully convinced of the usefulness of pharmacological treatment compared to 28% of professionals and 25% of the Italian population. With respect to civil rights, about half of the relatives is fully convinced that patients with schizophrenia should not have children compared to 17% of mental health workers and to 19% of the general public.ConclusionsThese results underline the need to conduct sensitization campaigns about schizophrenia focused on specific aspects of the disease, such as unpredictability, civil rights and opportunities to recovery of patients, taking into account the target population to which they are addressed.
Stigma perception and depression among patients suffering from chronic somatoform disorders
Authors: Freidl M. , Aigner M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionSeveral studies indicate a significant longitudinal comorbidity of depression and chronic pain. Also, perceived stigma is a barrier to recovery. This study wanted to evaluate the correlations.ObjectivesTo investigate to what degree chronic pain patients suffer from depression and stigma fears 132 (66% females) consecutive in- and out-patients with somatoform pain disorders who presented at the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (MUV) were investigated using the Stigma Questionnaire by Link and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).AimsThe aim of this study was to survey the attitudes of 132 patients with the diagnosis somatoform pain disorder, toward mental illness stigma and the influence of depressive symptoms.MethodsThe BDI was employed for measuring of the severity of depression and the modified 12-item version of Links Stigma Questionnaire to evaluate stigma perception.ResultsThree third of the patients expect discrimination because of their psychiatric diagnosis and two third of the chronic pain patients also showed depressive symptoms. The overall results show a significant correlation between stigma perception and depressive symptoms.ConclusionFear of stigma increases with depressive symptoms and both are a risk for treatment delay. Goal of future research should be the question how to reduce depression and fear of stigma in order to help them enter psychiatric treatment early and gain self-confidence and mental health back again.
Traumatic events in chilhood and psychosis in adult life: A descriptive study
Authors: Harto M. , Tatay A. , Almonacid C. , Castillo A. , Lloret M. , Calabuig R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThere is a growing interest in establishing a relationship between several mental disorders and traumatic life events in childhood and adolescence.It has been seen a high prevalence of these traumatic events when reviewing the clinical history of patients with mental illness.AimsMeasuring the prevalence of traumatic events in a sample of patients with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder.MethodologyA retrospective descriptive study was made. The sample comprised 50 patients admitted to our psychiatric inpatient unit. These patients were separated into different categories according to clinical diagnosis and demographic variables. Data was obtained through clinical interview before their hospital discharge. We tried to detect the presence or absence of real or imaginary memories of traumatic events during their childhood or adolescence.Results52% of patients had a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia. 64% reported a history of substance abuse in their family. 20% referred the experience of having suffered sexual abuse by a member of their family, and up to 44% of them by someone other than family. 22% reported having suffered some kind of physical abuse by their parents, and more than 70% reported having suffered some type of traumatic event in the school environment.ConclusionsThere is an important amount of traumatic events in childhood and adolescence in this sample of patients. However, concluding that such traumatic events could eventually produce severe psychiatric disorders is still quite controversial. In order to understand better the association between childhood trauma and severe mental illnesses more research is needed.
The view of Iranian counseling psychologist toward working with transsexual and homosexuals clients
Authors: Koolaee A. Khodabakhshi 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionHomosexuality is forbidden in Islamic countries. In Iran people who homosexual captures with police and in Islamic Law they are accuse and they transfer to prison. But Transsexual is accepted. So, people who are homosexual encourage changing their sexuality and identity with plastic surgery, and gaining new sexuality. Then government gets them Identification Card.AmisThe aim of this study examines the view of Iranian counselors to working with Transsexual and Homosexuals clients.MethodFor gathering data, use a questionnaire. A questionnaire was about the view of counselors to Transsexual and Homosexuals clients. For analysis data, use the descriptive statistical methods.ResultsThe results indicate that 60 percent of counselors disagree to working to homosexual people, 25 percent answered no Idea and 15 rest of them said they were accepted the homosexual clients.ConclusionTo conclude, counselors did not interest in to working with homosexual clients, but when they are changed their sex with surgical operation and gain new Identity, counselors tend to working with them. But the reality is people who changed their Identity with surgical operation, after few months regretful and 35 percent of them attempts to suicide.
Comorbidity of anxiety disorders and depression
Authors: Licanin I. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionComorbidity of anxiety and depression is common and frequently poses diagnostic and treatment challenges in the clinical setting and are associated with significant morbidity.The aim of this study was to analyze the comorbidity between DSM-III-R anxiety disorders in separate subgroups of patients with major depression, bipolar II and bipolar I disorder in a clinical sample of a Bosnian population.MethodsRandomly selected subjects (aged between 18 and 64 years, N = 2202) which were hospitalized at the Psychiatric clinic in Sarajevo was analyzed. Subjects were interviewed by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) which generated DSM-III-R diagnoses.ResultsThe prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder, agoraphobia and social phobia was the highest among bipolar II patients (18.8, 32.5 and 18.7%), simple phobia was most prevalent in (nonbipolar) major depression (20.6%). The rate of panic disorder was almost the same in the (nonbipolar) major depressive and bipolar II subgroups (11.2 and 10.5%). Bipolar I patients showed a relatively low rate of comorbidity.ConclusionsThe findings support previous results on the particularly high rate of comorbidity between anxiety disorders and unipolar major depression and particularly bipolar II illness, which has significant negative implications for both the course of these disorders and levels of dysfunction.
Somatic comorbidity of patients attending a mental health unit studying their consultation to an emergency department in the previous year
Authors: Martínez Gómez P. , Vigo Santamariña L. , Portillo Díez J. , Brenlla González J. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionIt is interesting to note somatic comorbidity of psychiatric patients that attend an outpatient Mental Health Unit (MHU). In medical literature there are few studies that reflect which diseases make these patients go to an Emergency Room (ER).ObjectivesTo determine the percentage of patients presenting to an ER in the year prior to psychiatric consultation in a MHU, noting which is the most common assitance and the differences regarding sex, age and marital status.MethodsRetrospective and descriptive study of ER assistances at the Hospital Clínico de Santiago in the previous year of patients attending our MHU. Time period: from February 1st 2010 to August 31th 2010. Once collected the data, these are analyzed using the Excel 2008 Statistical Package for Mac.ResultsFrom 577 patients studied (68.3% women), 224 had gone at least once to the ER in the last year (72.3% women): 19.6% consulted for psychiatric conditions and 80.4% for somatic causes. Among the predominant somatic complaints we found musculoskeletal causes (24.4%), cardiovascular (8.8%), respiratory (9.4%) and gynecological (2.7%). 3% of them were hospitalized in medical or surgical services and 3% in psychiatric units. There was not statistically significant differences regarding their age. Married and divorced patients went to the ER more than bachelors or widowers.ConclusionsProfile of the studied patient: “Woman, 53 years old, married, user of an outpatient MHU and that has consulted at least once in the last year to an ER due to musculoeskeletal cause.”
A study on mental health in elder long term unemployed persons
Authors: Meiler B. , Steil C. , Wiesten I. , Wiltfang J. , Kis B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThere are complex associations between work and mental health. Self-efficacy, experience of own abilities and appropriate challenges are important prerequisites of mental health. Availability of these factors is specifically decreased in the elder long term unemployed and results in higher vulnerability for mental impairment.ObjectivesInvestigation on mental health of elder long term unemployed personsAimsTo examine incidence of mental disorders in elder long term unemployed personsMethodsSenior long term unemployed participants in a vocational reintegration program were examined. Clients were allocated by choice to the study by their placement officers. An extensive psychiatric examination including structured clinical interviews (SKID) and clinical and personality questionnaires (BDI, STAI, MSWS, SCL 90-R, SF36, AUDIT, FTNA) was performed with each subject.Results90 subjects were included into the study so far and 42 completed the psychiatric examination. The mean age was 54.7 years and gender ratio was balanced. 94% were diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder and 80% were diagnosed with more than one disorder according to ICD-10. In particular, 78.6% of the subjects had depression, 40.5% anxiety disorders, 35.7% combined personality disorders, 26.2% posttraumatic disorders, 21.4% addiction disorders, 16.7% single personality disorders and 7.1% psychotic disorders.ConclusionA large proportion of the long term unemployed persons examined is affected by mental disorders. Along with the high incidence of depressive, anxiety and addiction disorders there was a considerable number of personality and specifically trauma-related disorders. Accordingly, personality disorders may be a risk factor for unemployment in elder people too.
Prevalance of psychiatric symptoms in elderly veterans and their associaton with general medical conditions
Authors: Mokhber N. , Azarpazhooh M.R. , Shandiz E. Esmaeeli , Hanaee J. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundWar is a major effective factor on general health and its morbidity and mortality have constant psychosomatic effects. In this study we aimed to assess psychological signs of Iranian elderly veterans in order improve their health.MethodIn this cross -sectional -descriptive study, we analyzed the psychological signs of elderly veterans of khorasan Razavi province in 2009.We studied 123 old veterans under coverage of Marty and Veteran Foundation.Our cases were selected randomly and data were gatherer using SCL-90-R, MMSE and GDS questionnaires we also had a total medical examination and a Psychiatric interview form all of the participants.ResultsThe most prevalent psychological signs according to SCL-90-R Questionnaires were the following: moralization 84.4%, anxiety 66.7% and Hostility 57.8% According to GDS test the prevalence of depression sings among old veterans were 50.4%, and according to MMSE test the prevalence of cognitive disorder in this old population was 17.1%. There was a significant relationship between the prevalence of respiratory and vestibule- auditory diseases with the rate of psychological signs. We also found a relationship between the prevalence of respiratory and skin diseases with depression, and prevalence of neurological diseases with cognitive impairment.Conclusion36.6%prevalence of psychiatric signs in the old veterans shows the need for special attention to this group of society.
Sense of coherence as a predictor of quality of life in adolescents with congenital heart defects: A register-based 1-year follow-up study
Authors: Neuner B. , Busch M. , Wellmann J. , Nowak-Göttl U. , Hense H.-W. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveSense of coherence (SOC) is a resource for health and quality of life (QoL) in adults. Aim of this investigation was to evaluate the association of SOC and QoL in adolescents with congenital heart defects (CHD).MethodObservational study among 770 adolescents aged 14 – 17 years from a national CHD register. SOC was measured at baseline with the SOC-L9 questionnaire. At baseline and at 12-months follow-up, QoL was measured with the KINDL-R questionnaire, evaluating overall well-being and six subscales. The association of SOC with QoL was evaluated in multi-level linear models separately for overall well-being and KINDL-R subscales. Initial models comprised SOC as only fixed effect while the final models were adjusted for age, gender, medical and socioeconomic status and behavioral factors.ResultsOverall well-being, self-esteem and school-related well-being was significantly higher at follow-up compared with baseline. SOC at baseline (median 50 [range: 16 – 63] points) was positively associated with overall well-being and all KINDL-R subscales. There were significant negative interactions between SOC at baseline and time to follow-up for overall well-being and all KINDL-R subscales except psychological well-being. But even in fully adjusted models associations of SOC at baseline with overall well-being and all KINDL-R subscales at follow-up remained significant.ConclusionSOC is an independent predictor of QoL in adolescents with CHD. Except for psychological well-being, this effect attenuates over one year but remains positive inoverall QoL and sub-dimensions. Further studies should evaluate whether interventions aimed to increase SOC in children with CHD improve QoL.
Burnout syndrome: A comparison between intensive unit and general unit nurses
Authors: Salehi K. , Esmaeli H. , Mahmodifar Y. , Maarofi S. , Sayedamini B. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionBurnout syndrome is a psychological state resulting from prolonged exposure to job stressors. High rates of professional burnout syndrome have been found among health service professionals.ObjectivesTo assess and compare the burnout syndrome level between Intensive Care Unit and general unit nurses, and study its association with the sociodemographic.AimsThe aim of this study was to determine that working in different units can affect on burnout syndrome.MethodsThe study was carried out using a descriptive-analytic method. 110 nurses were participated in the study from Mahabad Imam hospital in Iran. 55 nurses belong to the intensive care units, and 55 nurses belong to the general units. Two evaluation tools were used: a sociodemographic and the Maslach Burnout Inventory: includes three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment. Data was analyzed using SPSS package.ResultsThe comparative analysis of the burnout dimensions shows that emotional exhaustion level and depersonalization level do not have significant differences between both groups. Reduced personal accomplishment dimension have a significantly differences between both groups. (29.64 +/- 8.53 vs 34.31 +/- 14.16) p < 0.05. The intensive care unit nurses reported their high emotional exhaustion (21.8%), high depersonalization (14.5%) and reduced personal accomplishment (41.5%). And the general unit nurses reported their high emotional exhaustion (9.1%), high depersonalization (18.2%) and reduced personal accomplishment (51.1%).ConclusionsThe burnout levels are moderate to high among the nursing professionals studied. The general care unit nurses are the most vulnerable to suffering high levels of reduced personal accomplishment.
The impact of hospitalisation on discrimination experiences
Authors: Sibitz I. , Lakeman R. , Parkinson M. , Walsh J. , Mc Gowan P. , Redmond M. , Stevenson C. , Mac Gabhann L. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to assess the experiences of discrimination as reported by people with mental health problems and to explore the impact of hospitalisation.Methods306 people with mental health problems provided sociodemographic data and data on discrimination using the discrimination and stigma scale version 12 (DISC-12) with the domains negative experienced discrimination, anticipated discrimination, overcoming stigma and discrimination, and positive experienced discrimination. Logistic regression analysis was used to test the impact of hospitalisation on discrimination, controlled for age, gender, education, employment, diagnosis and having been prescribed medication.ResultsHospitalisation had a major impact on negative discrimination: People were more likely to be treated unfairly in making or keeping friends, in marriage or divorce, by people in their neighbourhood, in social life, by mental health staff and in terms of privacy, if they had been hospitalised. They were also more likely to be avoided or shunned by people who knew about the mental health problem. People with a history of hospitalisation also reported more anticipated discrimination: They had stopped themselves more often from having a close personal relationship and concealed their mental health problem from others more often than those without a history of hospitalisation. However, people who had been hospitalised also experienced more positive discrimination in terms of being treated more positively in getting welfare benefits or disability pensions and in housing.ConclusionFindings suggest that treatment in hospital contributed to a higher extent to experienced discrimination than treatment in the community.