bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and safety of 7F sheathless guiding catheter during transradial coronary intervention
Authors: Kwan Tak W. , Cherukuri Sanjay , Huang Yili , Pancholy Samir , Daggubati Ramesh , Liou Michael , Coppola John , Saito Shigeru 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of our study is to assess the feasibility, safety, and rate of radial artery occlusion (RAO) using 7F sheathless guiding catheter in a large population undergoing transradial intervention (TRI).BackgroundThere is a frequent need for large bore guiding catheter to perform complex coronary interventions. Hydrophilic sheathless guiding catheters are not available in the US, therefore, we present the results of a multicenter study using the modified sheathless technique and readily available catheters.MethodsBetween December 2010 and February 2011, 116 consecutive patients from four tertiary US centers who underwent TRI using 7F sheathless guiding catheter were included in this study.ResultsIn our study of 116 patients with 123 coronary lesions, 57 stenoses (49%) were complex interventions, which included patients with acute coronary syndromes, chronic total occlusion (CTO), bifurcation stenting, calcified lesions, left main artery, and saphenous venous graft interventions. Overall procedural success rate was 95%. At 7‐day, there were six patients (5%) with RAO, of which two of the six had severe radial artery spasm during the procedure. At 30‐day, the overall persistent RAO was only detected in three patients (2.5%), as three patients had return of antegrade radial artery flow.ConclusionsIn our multicenter study of 116 consecutive patients, using 7F sheathless guiding catheter to perform TRI is associated with a high procedural success (95%) and a low 30‐day RAO rate (2.5%). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balloon aortic valvuloplasty to bridge and triage patients in the era of trans‐catheter aortic valve implantation
Authors: Malkin Christopher J. , Judd Jo , Chew Derek P. , Sinhal Ajay 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesTo describe the use of balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) as a method of selecting patients for definitive aortic valve therapy.BackgroundBAV is a temporising treatment for aortic stenosis, previously used for palliation or bridge to surgery. The advent of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has developed a new indication for BAV–as a therapeutic trial.MethodsThis is a descriptive series of 33 consecutive patients treated between 2008 and 2010. Standard BAV retrograde technique was used. Hemodynamic results and survival were recorded; destination valve therapy was offered based on clinical response. The reasons for nonresponse were explored.ResultsProcedural success was achieved in all patients, valve area improved 0.36 ± 0.14 cm2, mean gradient by 20 ± 9.5 mm Hg and peak catheter gradient by 28.2 ± 17 mm Hg. Thirty‐day mortality was 3% and 6‐month mortality 15%. Twelve patients had no clinical improvement and were managed conservatively; two others demonstrated temporary occlusion of the left main by native leaflets during BAV. The remaining 19 patients improved and were offered valve therapy (10 TAVI and five aortic valve replacement). Post hoc analysis of the groups found higher prevalence of left ventricular impairment (90% vs. 29%, P = 0.001) and higher maintenance diuretic dose (Furosemide equivalent) 111.1 mg vs. 39.1 mg, P = 0.003) in the non‐responders.ConclusionBAV may be used to assess whether a patient might improve from definitive aortic valve treatment, particularly in those patients with left ventricular dysfunction or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) where assessment is inconclusive or there remain concern about symptom reversibility. BAV can also be used to screen for the possibility of left main occlusion by native leaflets during TAVI. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The QT interval in clinical hypercalcemia
Authors: Wortsman J. , Frank S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCorrected QT intervals were determined in 13 patients with severe, chronic hypercalcemia. The QOTC interval was short in only 2 of 14 instances; QATC in 5 of 15 instances, and QETC in 5 of 16 instances. The correlations between serum calcium and the QTC measurement were not significant when evaluating either linear or curvilinear (quadratic) relationships. Small and inconsistent changes were found when comparing the QT intervals before the development of the hypercalcemic episode, during hypercalcemia, or after successful treatment. We conclude that shortening of the QT interval is an unreliable index of clinical (chronic) hypercalcemia.
Prevalence of primary T‐wave changes in young men and their relationship to psychological and anthropometric data
Authors: Atterhög J.‐H. , Malmberg P. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe T wave in leads II, V4, and V6 in the electrocardiograms of 1,401 consecutively entering 18‐year‐old male conscripts at a military processing center in 1975 were classified, and the relationship between the frequency of the T‐wave changes relative to the psychosocial and medical data of the subjects was examined. One percent of the conscripts had a negative T in one or more of these leads, and twelve percent showed some deviation from the “normal T,” usually a T wave of less than ten percent of the R‐wave amplitude. A common finding was the presence of a “notch” in the T wave of lead V4 (a negative deflection in the middle of a positive T wave). Those with T‐wave changes showed the same incidence of signs and history of heart disease as those with a normal T. However, those with an abnormal T showed higher heart rate and systolic blood pressure at rest. Further, they had more nervous symptoms and a higher consumption of alcohol and tranquilizers. These findings were as common in the larger group of flat T waves as in the smaller group with T‐wave changes of the type normally attributed to organic heart disease (i.e., having notched, or more or less inverted T waves without ST depression). The maximal work capacity and vital capacity were slightly lower in subjects with abnormal T waves. However, this was fully explained by lesser height. It is suggested that in the majority of these cases, T‐wave changes in young adults are due to increased sympathetic tone rather than to organic heart disease.
Why Perform Code‐to‐Code Comparisons: A Vacuum Arc Discharge Simulation Case Study
Authors: Timko H. , Crozier P. S. , Hopkins M. M. , Matyash K. , Schneider R. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNumerical modeling is increasingly becoming an indispensable tool for investigations in many fields of physics. Such modeling is especially useful in today's big science projects as a tool that can provide predictions and design parameters. The reliability of simulation results is thus essential. Code‐to‐code comparisons can help increase our confidence in simulation results, especially when other verification methods – such as comparison to theoretical models or experimental results – are limited or unavailable. In this paper, we describe a code‐to‐code comparison exercise wherein we compare one‐dimensional vacuum arc discharge simulation results from two independent particle‐in‐cell (PIC) codes. As part of our case study, we define a vacuum arc discharge test problem that can be used by other research groups for further comparison. Early disagreement between the two sets of our results motivated us to re‐examine the underlying methods in our codes. After remedying discrepancies, we observe good agreement in vacuum arc discharge time‐to‐breakdown, as well as in the time evolution of particle and current densities. This exercise demonstrates the usefulness of code‐to‐code comparisons and provides an example case study for the benefit of other research groups who may wish to carry out similar code‐to‐code comparisons (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Discharge Operation Mode Manipulation of Radio Frequency Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharges in Argon
Authors: Qian Y. J. , Ding K. , Song S. T. , Guo Y. , Zhang J. , Shi J. J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractStable operation of radio frequency atmospheric glow discharges is widely desired by most processing applications for their conveniency and feasibility, many of which have been addressed with the noble gas of helium and low discharge current density in stable operation regime of α mode. Here, the operation mode manipulation of rf atmospheric pressure glow discharge in argon is investigated using a one‐dimensional self‐consistent modeling approach. Stable operation regime of α mode is found to expand with rinsing excitation frequency and reducing discharge gap distance. The sheath characteristics in terms of sheath voltage and sheath thickness are given to explain the of α ‐γ mode transition. Furthermore, stable operation of discharge in γ mode is proposed tobe achieved by introducing dielectric barriers, which is indicated by monotonously growing of applied voltage with discharge current density (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Automated analysis of GPI‐deficient leukocyte flow cytometric data using GemStone™
Authors: Miller David T. , Hunsberger Benjamin C. , Bagwell C. Bruce 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground:Flow Cytometry is the standard for the detection of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)‐deficient clones in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) and related disorders. Although the International Clinical Cytometry Society (ICCS) and the International PNH Interest Group (IPIG) have published guidelines for PNH assays, data analysis has not been standardized. Current analyses use manual gating to enumerate PNH cells. We evaluate an automated approach to identify GPI‐deficient leukocytes using a GemStone™ (Verity Software House) probability state model (PSM).Methods:Five hundred and thirty patient samples were assayed on BD Canto II flow cytometers using a stain‐lyse‐wash technique. Populations were defined using CD15, CD45, CD64 and side scatter. GPI‐deficient myeloid cells were recognized as FLAER‐, CD24‐, and dim or absent CD16. GPI‐deficient monocytic cells were identified as FLAER‐ and CD14‐. The data were not censored in any way. A PSM was designed to enumerate monocytic and myeloid cells by adjusting the peaks and line spreads of the data, and recording the normal and GPI‐deficient counts. No operator adjustments were made to the automated analysis.Results:By human analysis, 53 of 530 samples showed GPI‐deficient clones. Automated analysis identified the same 53 clones; there were 0 false positives and 0 false negatives. Sensitivity was 100% and specificity 100%. Gating and automated results (percent GPI‐deficient cells) were highly correlated: r2 = 0.997 for monocytic cells, and r2 = 0.999 for myeloids. Mean absolute differences were 0.94% for monocytes and 0.78% for myeloid cells.Conclusions:Automated analysis of GPI‐deficient leukocytes produces results that agree strongly with gate‐based results. The probability‐based approach provides higher speed, objectivity, and reproducibility. © 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Within and between population variation in plant traits predicts ecosystem functions associated with a dominant plant species
Authors: Breza Lauren C. , Souza Lara , Sanders Nathan J. , Classen Aimée T. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractLinking intraspecific variation in plant traits to ecosystem carbon uptake may allow us to better predict how shift in populations shape ecosystem function. We investigated whether plant populations of a dominant old‐field plant species (Solidago altissima) differed in carbon dynamics and if variation in plant traits among genotypes and between populations predicted carbon dynamics. We established a common garden experiment with 35 genotypes from three populations of S. altissima from either Tennessee (southern populations) or Connecticut (northern populations) to ask whether: (1) southern and northern Solidago populations will differ in aboveground productivity, leaf area, flowering time and duration, and whole ecosystem carbon uptake, (2) intraspecific trait variation (growth and reproduction) will be related to intraspecific variation in gross ecosystem CO2 exchange (GEE) and net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) within and between northern and southern populations. GEE and NEE were 4.8× and 2× greater in southern relative to northern populations. Moreover, southern populations produced 13× more aboveground biomass and 1.4× more inflorescence mass than did northern populations. Flowering dynamics (first‐ and last‐day flowering and flowering duration) varied significantly among genotypes in both the southern and northern populations, but plant performance and ecosystem function did not. Both productivity and inflorescence mass predicted NEE and GEE between S. altissima southern and northern populations. Taken together, our data demonstrate that variation between S. altissima populations in performance and flowering traits are strong predictors of ecosystem function in a dominant old‐field species and suggest that populations of the same species might differ substantially in their response to environmental perturbations.
Adding Rubidium and Cesium to the Homologous Series of Alkali Metal Compounds of (Trimethylsilyl)methanides and 2,2,6,6‐Tetramethylpiperidides
Authors: Clegg William , Kennedy Alan R. , Klett Jan , Mulvey Robert E. , Russo Luca 
Published: May 2012

Abstract(Trimethylsilyl)methylrubidium [RbCH2SiMe3] (1) and (trimethylsilyl)methylcesium [CsCH2SiMe3] (2) were prepared by metathesis reactions of (trimethylsilyl)methyllithium [LiCH2SiMe3] with rubidium or cesium tert‐butoxide in n‐hexane. Both new compounds are pyrophoric powders which were characterised by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analyses. They can be used as deprotonating agents towards secondary amines such as 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidine (TMPH). The resulting amides [RbTMP] (3) and [CsTMP] (4) form temperature‐sensitive, n‐hexane‐insoluble orange solids. Treatment with the bidentate donor N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) produces the corresponding n‐hexane‐soluble complexes. The crystal structures of [(TMEDA)RbTMP] (3a) and [(TMEDA)CsTMP] (4a) were determined to be closely related to that of [(TMEDA)KTMP]. Thus they are dimers with frameworks that consist of four‐membered M–N–M–N rings (M = Rb, Cs or K, N = TMP). The versatility and stability observed should make these (trimethylsilyl)methyl and TMP compounds of rubidium (1, 3a) and cesium (2, 4a) valuable starting points for further exploration of the chemistry of these heavy alkali metals.
Asymmetries in peer interaction: The effect of social representations of gender and knowledge asymmetry on children's cognitive development
Authors: Zapiti Anna , Psaltis Charis 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis study examines the role of social representations of gender and knowledge as sources of asymmetry on the features of children's interactions as well as on their cognitive development. The research was carried through an innovative pre‐test, first interaction, second interaction, post‐test design. One hundred fifty‐nine children of the same age (6.5–7.5 years old) but of different levels of knowledge of a spatial‐transformation task collaborated in same‐sex and opposite‐sex dyads to find a joint solution. In the first interaction, a child less developmentally advanced (NC) had to work with a child more developmentally advanced (TC), whereas in the second interaction of the same gender composition, the same NC had to work with a fresh NC. Cognitive progress was assessed using pre‐test to post‐test gains. The results revealed that the gender composition of the pairs and knowledge asymmetry influence not only the behavioral patterns and strategies that each partner employs in the interaction but also the cognitive outcomes of the children. These findings shed more light to the process through which socio‐cognitive conflict gets resolved, which was considered until now a “black box.” Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are Maladaptive Schema Domains and Perfectionism Related to Body Image Concerns in Eating Disorder Patients?
Authors: Boone Liesbet , Braet Caroline , Vandereycken Walter , Claes Laurence 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBoth maladaptive schemas (MS) and perfectionism have been associated with eating pathology. However, previous research has not examined these variables simultaneously and has not studied possible mediating relationships between MS and multidimensional perfectionism for body image concerns in eating disorder (ED) patients. Eighty‐eight female ED patients completed the Young Schema Questionnaire, the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, and the Body Attitude Test. Body image concerns were found to be positively related to Personal Standards (PS) and Evaluative Concerns (EC) perfectionism and all five schema domains. PS Perfectionism was positively associated with Disconnection, Other‐directedness, and Overvigilance. EC Perfectionism was positively related to Disconnection, Impaired Autonomy, Other‐directedness, and Overvigilance. Moreover, EC perfectionism was found to be a significant mediator in the relationship between the schema domains Impaired Autonomy and Overvigilance and body image concerns. These findings denote the importance to address both core beliefs and perfectionism in ED treatment. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Burden associated with the presence of anosognosia in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Turró‐Garriga Oriol , Garre‐Olmo Josep , Vilalta‐Franch Joan , Conde‐Sala Josep Lluís , de Gracia Blanco Manuel , López‐Pousa Secundino 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesAnosognosia is the lack of deficit awareness, and it is a common symptom in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between anosognosia and caregiver burden.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional, analytical study of patients who were diagnosed with AD and their caregivers. Anosognosia was evaluated using the Experimenter Rating Scale, and caregiver burden was evaluated using the Burden Interview (BI). Using the BI's comprehensive scoring and each of its five factors as dependent variables, we adjusted six linear regression models to determine the effect of anosognosia on caregiver burden.ResultsThe sample consisted of 124 patients and 124 caregivers. The mean patient age was 78.9 years (SD = 6.9); the mean caregiver age was 59.7 years (SD = 13.6), and 66.6% of the caregivers were women. The prevalence of anosognosia was 24.2% (95% confidence interval = 16.7–33.3). The degree of caregiver burden was associated with the degree of anosognosia (r2 = 0.426; standardised beta [βs] = 0.346; p < 0.001), which explained 14.7% of the variance. For the BI factors, the Experimenter Rating Scale was associated with physical and social burden (r2 = 0.452; βs = 0.378; p < 0.001), relationship of dependence (r2 = 0.301; βs = 0.203; p = 0.010) and emotional stress (r2 = 0.212; βs = 0.227; p = 0.014).ConclusionsThe presence of anosognosia in patients with AD is an independent factor that increases caregiver burden by increasing physical wear, social isolation, dependence and tension related to patient care. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination‐revised add to the Mini‐Mental State Examination in established Alzheimer disease? Results from a national dementia research register
Authors: Law Emma , Connelly Peter J. , Randall Emma , McNeill Catriona , Fox Helen C. , Parra Mario A. , Hudson Justine , Whyte Leigh‐Ann , Johnstone Jane , Gray Sarah , Starr John M. 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveTo evaluate how much the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination‐revised (ACE‐R) improves the estimate of cognitive ability from the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) in people with Alzheimer disease (AD).MethodsWe examined itemized data in people with AD who were on the Scottish Dementia Research Interest Register drawn from eight centres across Scotland, covering 75% of the Scottish population. ACE‐R items that comprise the MMSE and those that did not (non‐MMSE items) were summed separately. We residualized MMSE total on non‐MMSE total and vice versa to derive a measure of the variance unique to each.ResultsFive hundred and one (258 male, 243 female) participants, mean age 75.7 (range 52–94) years were on the register, of whom 329 (160 men, 169 women) had AD. Of those with AD, 309 had a mean MMSE of 20.5 and mean ACE‐R of 57.5 measured with Pearson r = 0.92 between MMSE and ACE‐R totals, and the regression equation ACE‐R score = 3.0 × MMSE − 4.1. The unique non‐MMSE items score correlated with ACE‐R total r = 0.40 (16% of ACE‐R variance).ConclusionsThe ACE‐R and MMSE total scores are highly correlated. In this clinical sample of people with established AD, for an MMSE score of 24, the predicted ACE‐R score was 67.9 with 95% confidence intervals of 61.6–75.4. The extra non‐MMSE ACE‐R items improve estimates of cognitive ability by 16%. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ALTERNATIVE APPROACHES FOR ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF PANEL COUNT DATA USING DYNAMIC LATENT CLASS MODELS (WITH APPLICATION TO DOCTOR VISITS DATA)
Authors: Hyppolite Judex , Trivedi Pravin 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTCross‐sectional latent class regression models, also known as switching regressions or hidden Markov models, cannot identify transitions between classes that may occur over time. This limitation can potentially be overcome when panel data are available. For such data, we develop a sequence of models that combine features of the static cross‐sectional latent class (finite mixture) models with those of hidden Markov models. We model the probability of movement between categories in terms of a Markovian structure, which links the current state with a previous state, where state may refer to the category of an individual. This article presents a suite of mixture models of varying degree of complexity and flexibility for use in a panel count data setting, beginning with a baseline model which is a two‐component mixture of Poisson distribution in which latent classes are fixed and permanent. Sequentially, we extend this framework (i) to allow the mixing proportions to be smoothly varying continuous functions of time‐varying covariates, (ii) to add time dependence to the benchmark model by modeling the class‐indicator variable as a first‐order Markov chain and (iii) to extend item (i) by making it dynamic and introducing covariate dependence in the transition probabilities. We develop and implement estimation algorithms for these models and provide an empirical illustration using 1995–1999 panel data on the number of doctor visits derived from the German Socio‐Economic Panel. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.