bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utwory literackie w lwowskim „Wieku Młodym” (1893–1904)
Authors: Borek Piotr , Rogoż Michał 
Published: May 2024

Przeprowadzono analizę ilościową i jakościową utworów literackich publikowanych w „Wieku Młodym” – lwowskim piśmie dla dzieci i młodzieży z przełomu XIX i XX w. Ustalono, że około 180 czynnych autorów pochodziło nie tylko z Galicji, ale także z innych zaborów lub przebywało na emigracji. Publikowana literatura cechowała się dużym zróżnicowaniem gatunkowym (powieści, opowiadania, wiersze, utwory dramatyczne). „Wiek Młody” miał wymowę patriotyczną. Dominowały w nim tematy wychowawcze i historyczne, często nawiązujące do aktualnych wydarzeń. Czasopismo realizowało funkcje inicjacji literackiej, edukacyjną i wychowawczą, dostarczając młodym czytelnikom różnorodnych wypowiedzi literackich w konwencji pozytywistycznej.
Szlachta, B. (red.) (2022). Wielokulturowość
Authors: Kucharski Jarosław 
Published: May 2024

Wielokulturowość nie jest zjawiskiem nowym. Można rzec, że ludzkość mierzy się z nią od wieków. Z jednej strony podejmowane są próby zrozumienia tego fenomenu, z drugiej, szczególnie wtedy, gdy odmienność kultur prowadzi do napięć – rozwiązania problemu, które mogą doprowadzić do pokojowego (co nie znaczy bezkonfliktowego) współistnienia ludzi identyfikujących się z różnymi wartościami. Oddany do rąk czytelników tom Słowników społecznych podejmuje próbę podjęcia refleksji, rozpoczynając od zagadnień najogólniejszych (hasło: Problem wielokulturowości), poprzez opis odmian wielokulturowości (transkulturowość, religia obywatelska, etniczność i laickość, wielokulturowość w perspektywie katolickiej nauki społecznej) oraz perspektywy badawcze (socjologia wielokulturowości, problematyka prawa, w tym praw człowieka, a wielokulturowość, perspektywy liberalne i konserwatywne) aż do problemów szczegółowych takich jak modele polityk wielokulturowych, zarządzanie wielokulturowością w organizacji oraz cyberprzestrzeni, a także edukacja w społeczeństwach wielokulturowych. Publikacja przedstawia bardzo szerokie spektrum zagadnień. Wypełnia tym samym lukę polegającą na fragmentaryczności dotychczasowych opisów wielokulturowości. Czytelnik otrzymuje zwarty przegląd najważniejszych zagadnień. Prezentowany tom nie jest tylko przedstawieniem problemów, ale przede wszystkim ich dyskusją oraz wskazaniem dalszych problemów i perspektyw badawczych (zgodnie z przyjętym przez redaktorów serii układem problemowym haseł).
SoK: Security and Privacy of Blockchain Interoperability [Extended Version]
Authors: Augusto André , Belchior Rafael , Correia Miguel , Vasconcelos André , Zhang Luyao , Hardjono Thomas 
Published: May 2024

Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in cross-chain
technology. However, the field faces two pressing challenges. On the one
hand, hacks on cross-chain bridges have led to monetary losses of around
3.1 billion USD, highlighting flaws in security models governing
interoperability mechanisms and the ineffectiveness of incident response
frameworks. On the other hand, users and bridge operators experience
restricted privacy, which broadens the potential attack surface.
In this paper, we present the most comprehensive study to date on the
security and privacy of blockchain interoperability. We employ a
systematic literature review, yielding a corpus of 212 relevant
documents, including 58 academic papers and 154 gray literature
documents, out of a pool of 531 results. We systematically categorize 57
interoperability solutions based on a novel security and privacy
taxonomy. Our dataset, comprising academic research, disclosures from
bug bounty programs, and audit reports, exposes 45 cross-chain
vulnerabilities, 25 theoretical attacks, and 93 mitigation strategies.
Leveraging this data, we analyze 14 notable bridge hacks accounting for
over 2.9 billion USD in losses, mapping them to the identified
vulnerabilities.
Our findings reveal that a substantial portion (65.8%) of stolen funds
originates from projects secured by intermediary permissioned networks
with unsecured cryptographic key operations. Privacy-wise, we
demonstrate that achieving unlinkability in cross-chain transactions is
contingent on the underlying ledgers providing some form of
confidentiality. Our study offers critical insights into the security
and privacy of cross-chain systems. We pinpoint promising future
research directions, underscoring the urgency of enhancing security and
privacy efforts in cross-chain technology. The identified improvements
can mitigate the financial risks associated with bridge hacks, fostering
user trust in the blockchain ecosystem and, consequently, wider
adoption.
Application of Various Biofertilizers on Vegetative Growth in Oil Palm Seedling
Authors: Krisnawati Endang , Adirianto Bayu , Bachtiar Taufik 
Published: May 2024

Continuous application of inorganic fertilizers has negative effects on the environment such as plants and soil. One of the efforts to reduce the use of inorganic fertilizers is the use of microbes as biological agents. This study aims to examine the effect of biofertilizer applications from brands A, B, C, and D on vegetative growth in oil palm seedling. This research was held at Bogor Agricultural Development Polytechnic. The study was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) followed by Duncan's test. The treatments consisted of 4 brands of biofertilizer with 3 doses (10, 20, and 30 mL/L water) and 8 replicates. The results showed that brand A had a significant effect on dry weight at a dose of 20 mL/L water with a dry weight value of 10.43 gram/plant. The highest root length significantly was the application of brand C at a dose of 20 mL/L of water, which was 39.06 cm/plant. However, the highest root volume significantly was fertilizer brand A with a dose of 10 mL/L of water, which was 12 cm3/plant.
La prevalencia puntual de nematodos gastrointestinales en refugios de perros del municipio de Cochabamba.
Authors: Amurrio Villarroel Laura 
Published: May 2024

Introducción: Los perros pueden tener diversas especies de nematodos gastrointestinales, los cuales son considerados frecuentes y que transmiten la enfermedad a otros animales por medio de las larvas, cuyas acciones patógenas varían considerablemente; es por ello que se estableció la prevalencia puntual en cuatro refugios del municipio de Cochabamba, Metodología: Es un estudio transversal descriptivo, la muestra corresponde a 154 canes, se realizó los respectivos coproparasitológicos para evidenciar los nemátodos Resultados: Los hallazgos reportan una prevalencia de 37 %, encontrando Ancylostoma spp. (32,47 %), Toxocara canis (7 %) y Toxascaris leonina (4 %); el grado de infestación o carga de Ancylostoma spp. fue abundante en la mayoría de los casos (19 % de los casos totales y 60 % de los casos positivos totales), mientras que la infestación por T. canis generalmente fue moderada (3 % de los casos totales y 45,36 % de los casos positivos totales), al igual que la infestación por T. leonina que fue habitualmente moderada (2 % de los casos totales y 50 % de los positivos totales). Discusión: Referente a otros estudios, Ancylostoma spp, es el más frecuente y T. canis obtenido en el presente estudio se encuentra entre los valores mínimos en cuanto a prevalencias reportadas. Por tanto, debe hacerse el manejo respectivo para proteger a la población canina y sus operarios de estas parasitosis, además, deben de efectuarse estudios más estructurados para evaluar los riesgos y en función de ello se pueda plantear planes de intervención oportunos.
Prevalence of Obesity with its Associated Modifiable Risk Factors among Adolescents of Aged 17-24 Years: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Zaib Shah , Raza Tahira , Ahmad Afnan , Anwar Shahzaib , Haroon Tariq Syed Muhammad , Mubashar Tahir 
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aims to point out the association of modifiable risk factors and the prevalence and riskfactors of overweight and obesity among adolescents aged 17-24 years.Study Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Community Medicine, CombinedMilitary Hospital (CMH) College Lahore, Pakistan from April 2022 to May 2022.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample size of 108 adult males through nonprobabilityconvenient sampling in CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan. HbA1c tests were conducted to checkblood sugar. A questionnaire was distributed to collect data. SPSS software was used for the analysis of datausing the Chi-square test.Results: A total of 108 male cadets participated in the study. Mean age was 20.20 years ±1.4 SD. The majority ofparticipants were involved in physical activity and had healthy eating habits. Eighty-nine percent ofrespondents fall in the category of normal body mass index & 6.5% in the category of overweight & obese & 3.7% were underweight. Forty-seven percent of subjects were physically active for ≤ 3 days/week & 57.4% wereengaged for > 3 days/week. Fifty-seven percent of respondents had a screen time of 5-7 hours/day & 11.1% has> 7 hours/day. Among 108 respondents, 37% had snacking habits in between meals 1-2 times/week & 20.4%has 3-4 times/week.Conclusion: This study concludes that apart from non-modifiable risk factors, modifiable risk factors also have a major influence on the prevalence of overweight & obesity. Those who exercise & eat healthy have less risk ofdeveloping obesity as compared to those who have poor physical activity & unhealthy eating habits.
How to cite this: Zaib S, Raza T, Ahmad A, Anwar S, Tariq SMH, Mubashar T. Prevalence of Obesity with its Associated Modifiable Risk Factors Among Adolescents of Aged 17-24 Years: Cross Sectional Study. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 210-215. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.362
Quantifying Renal Changes: A Study of Area of Bowman's Space Following Prolonged Itopride Hydrochloride Exposure in Albino Rats
Authors: Hashmi Aasma , Syed Hamd , Irfan Ayesha , Rabbani Ali , Mir Amaidah 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To see the effects of long-term administration of itopride hydrochloride on the histomorphology of kidney of the male Wistar albino rats.Study Design: A Laboratory based experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, CMH Multan Institute of Medical Sciences Multan, Pakistan from September 2020 to March 2022.Methods: The study involved two groups: Group A served as the control, and Group B functioned as the experimental group. Each group consisted of 30 adult male albino rats. The animals of group A were administered 2ml/100g of distilled water by oral gavage along with a diet for laboratory rodents daily for 15 days. The animals of group B were given 4.4mg/kg of itopride hydrochloride dissolved in 2ml/100g body weight of distilled water by oral gavage three times a day for 15 days. The kidney was processed for paraffin embedding and stained with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). The area of Bowman's space was measured by linear micrometer after calibration with a stage micrometer and image J software. The student's t-test was utilized to assess potential differences between the two groups, with significance set at a p-value of ≤ 0.05.Result: The area of Bowman's space was significantly increased in the experimental group as compared to the control group (p= 0.045).Conclusion: Long-term Itopride Hydrochloride administration appears to influence the area of Bowman's Space in Wistar albino rats.
How to cite this: Hashmi A, Syed H, Irfan A, Rabbani A, Mir A, Razzaq M. Quantifying Renal Changes: A Study of Area of Bowman's Space Following Prolonged Itopride Hydrochloride Exposure in Albino Rats. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 138-143. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.539
Prevention of Uterine Inversion by Using Ultrasonographic Confirmation During Placental Delivery in Dr. Ruth K.M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi
Authors: Shahid Abbasi Tahmina , Kubra Kaneez , Zarrar Tabassum , Tasneem Maria , Gul Pashmina 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To determine the prevention of uterine inversion by using ultrasonographic confirmation duringplacental delivery.Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Gynecology Unit II, Dr. Ruth K.MPfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from June 2022 to June 2023.Methods: In this research, the total of 180 patients were included with transvaginal deliveries. To preventuterine inversion during placental delivery, regular ultrasonographic was implemented. The placental deliverywas performed with ultrasonographic confirmed placental detachment. The frequency of uterine inversionduring placental delivery was compared before and after the introduction of ultrasonographic images. Inaddition, a comparison was made between the ultrasonographic group and the non-ultrasonographic groupregarding the amount of blood loss during transvaginal delivery and the length of the third stage of labor. TheDescriptive statistics were applied to all parameters Using SPSS Version 26.Results: A total of 180 patients who had transvaginal deliveries, mean age 29 ± 9 years. One hundred and eighty women had transvaginal deliveries before and after the introduction of ultrasonography. Following theultrasonographic confirmation, there was a significant decrease in the frequency of uterine inversion whencompared to the pre-introduction period (43.3% vs. 56.7%, p = 0.001). Due to a number of limitations, theactual rate of ultrasonography performed even after it was introduced ultrasonography was 46.1%.Conclusion: In our investigation, we concluded that with the help of ultrasonographic confirmation of placentaldetachment uterine inversion may be prevented.
How to cite this: Abbasi TS, Kubra K, Zarrar T, Tasneem M, Gul P. Prevention of Uterine Inversion by Using Ultrasonographic Confirmation During Placental Delivery in Dr. Ruth K.M Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 204-209. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.563
Hepatoprotective Effect of Aqueous Neem Leaves Extract on Hepatocytes and Nuclear Diameter of Albino Wistar Rats Induced with Erythromycin Toxicity
Authors: Jamshed Nausheen , Raza Iffat , Razzaq Mehwish , Jamshed Naureen , Rasheed Aaqiba , Faisal Lubna 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of Neem leaves extract on hepatocyte and nucleardiameters of Albino Wistar rats induced by erythromycin hepatotoxicity.Study Design: Laboratory-based Experimental study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Department of Anatomy and Animal House ofBaqai Medical University (BMU) in Karachi, Pakistan from January 2019 to March 2019.Methods: A total of 80 Albino Wistar rats were divided equally into 4 groups. The control group was markedas Group A with no interventions. In Group B only erythromycin was administered. For Group C botherythromycin and aqueous Neem leave Extract were given and for Group D only aqueous neem leave wasgiven. Animals were sacrificed and the liver weight of Albino Wistar rats was measured.Results: It was observed that rats of experimental control group A noticed no significant change inhepatocytes13.19± 0.44μm and nuclear diameters 7.18±0. 28μm (Figure.1) as this group had no interventionreceived. In group B hepatocyte diameter markedly increased by 16.54±0.6μm and a decrease in nucleardiameter of 5.20±0.30μm (p<0.01) with loss of architecture, ballooning, and edematous changes (Figure.2, 3and 4) was observed as this group received only erythromycin while group C received both erythromycin andaqueous Neem leaf extract showed histological architecture disrupted to some extent and hepatocytes14.49±80μm and nuclear diameter 6.13±0.17μm were started to improve its normal sizes (Figure.5). Group Dobserved no significant changes in hepatocytes 13.0±0.52μm and nuclear diameters 7.14±0.30μm as thisgroup only received aqueous neem leave extract (Figure.6).Conclusion: According to the current study, Erythromycin exerts oxidative stress and Changes in hepatocytesand nuclear diameters were noticeably improved by aqueous neem leaf extract, which is a powerfulantioxidant.
How to cite this: Jamshed N, Raza I, Razzaq M, Jamshed N, Rasheed A, Faisal L. Hepatoprotective Effect of Aqueous Neem Leaves Extract on Hepatocytes and Nuclear Diameter of Albino Wistar Rats Induced with Erythromycin Toxicity. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 228-236. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.572
The Effectiveness and Safety of Fenofibrate and Saroglitazar in the Treatment of Diabetic Dyslipidemia
Authors: Farooq Bakhtawar , Cheema Rafay-Ur-Rehman , Qureshi Zahid Habib , Yasmeen Nabeela , Sahu Ejaz Hussain 
Published: May 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of saroglitazar and fenofibrate in treatingdiabetic dyslipidemia.Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Biochemistry, Nishtar MedicalUniversity and Hospital Multan, Pakistan over 12 months from January 2021 to January 2022.Methods: Following a 4-week run-in phase, sixty newly diagnosed patients with a previous diagnosis ofdiabetes and dyslipidemia were included. Eligible participants were aged 18-65 years, with fasting triglyceride(TG) levels >200–400 mg/dL and documented type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Following baselineassessments, participants were randomised into two treatment groups: Saroglitazar 4 mg with 10 mg ofAtorvastatin and Fenofibrate 200 mg with 10 mg of Atorvastatin. Lipid profiles, fasting blood glucose (FBG), andHbA1c were evaluated at baseline and after 12 weeks. Statistical analysis was conducted using appropriatetests with p< 0.05, which is considered significant.Results: The study enrolled 60 participants, with comparable baseline characteristics between groups. Whileboth treatments showed similar effects on lipid profiles, Saroglitazar showed exceptional effectiveness inlowering HbA1c and FBG levels compared to Fenofibrate. No significant differences in adverse effects wereobserved.Conclusion: Saroglitazar may offer advantages in managing diabetic dyslipidemia and improving glycemiccontrol compared to Fenofibrate in a larger sample size. More investigation is necessary to confirm thesefindings and evaluate long-term safety and efficacy.
How to cite this: Farooq B, Cheema RR, Qureshi ZH, Yasmeen N, Sahu EH. The Effectiveness and Safety of Fenofibrate and Saroglitazar in The Treatment of Diabetic Dyslipidemia. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 266-272. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.632
Impact of Short-Term Arsenic Exposure on Hormonal Balance and Fibrosis in Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Mir Amaidah , Mir Urfa Zaryab , Hussain Warda , Irfan Ayesha , Ahmed Butt Hammad , Sarwar Urwa 
Published: May 2024

Objective: To evaluate the toxic effects of arsenic exposure on the female reproductive tract and endocrinesystem.Study Design: A laboratory-based experiment.Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Laboratory of the National Institute of Health(NIH) Islamabad, Pakistan from 1st January 2019 to 4th January 2020.Methods: non-probability convenient sampling technique was employed and 60 female healthy SpragueDawley rats were included in the study at the National Institute Islamabad. Animals were randomly allocatedinto control and experimental groups (n=30 each). In the first week, animals were acclimatized to the animalhouse of the College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan. In the second week, the control and experimentalgroups were given 10 ml of distilled water by oral gavage daily and 4μg of sodium arsenite dissolved in 10 ml ofdistilled water daily for two weeks respectively. After the experimental period, animals were taken to theanimal lab of the National Institute of Health Islamabad for blood sampling and tissue dissection. Rats wereeuthanized by chloroform inhalation and blood was drawn by single intracardiac puncture and stored in clotactivator vials at 4 0C for further workup. The female reproductive tract was dissected, and the tissue was stored in 10 % formalin for histological studies. Serum Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) levels were assessed via the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Whereas histological effects of arsenic were observed under a microscope by tissue processing and staining with Masson trichrome stain. Mean ± SD of serum GnRH levels and percentage of fibrosis in uterine tissue of control and experimental groups wereevaluated by the software Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Comparison of means evaluatedby Student T-test. The significant p-value was ≤ 0.05.Results: The experimental group showed significant elevation of serum GnRH levels and fibrotic changes withhigh collagen deposition (p ≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Exposure to arsenic via contaminated drinking water is disruptive for the female reproductive tractand endocrine system.
How to cite this: Mir A, Mir UZ, Hussain W, Irfan A, Butt HA, Sarwar U. Impact of Short-Term Arsenic Exposure on Hormonal Balance and Fibrosis in Sprague Dawley Rats. Life and Science. 2024; 5(2): 187-192. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.64
Dukungan Keluarga dan Pengaruh Dzikir dengan Kecemasan pada Ibu Hamil: Systematic Review
Authors: Handayani Rina Tri , Yuniarti Tri , Sunaryanti Sri Sayekti Heni , Nurhayati Isnani , Iswahyuni Sri , Anasulfalah Hakim , Widiyanto Aris , Atmojo Joko Tri 
Published: May 2024

Rasa cemas adalah reaksi alami manusia terhadap stres, tetapi menjadi terlalu cemas dapat mengganggu kehidupan sehari-hari. Mereka yang mengalami kecemasan telah menemukan bahwa mendapatkan dukungan dari keluarga sangat membantu. Salah satu bentuk terapi spiritual yang dikenal sebagai terapi dzikir adalah dengan mengucapkan kalimat pujian kepada Allah SWT. Dipercaya bahwa metode ini dapat memberikan rasa tenang dan ketenangan batin, yang dapat membantu mengurangi kecemasan. Dukungan keluarga adalah sistem di mana anggota keluarga saling membantu, mendukung, dan mendukung satu sama lain dalam berbagai situasi. Tujuan penelitian: Pengaruh dzikir dengan kecemasan dan dukungan keluarga dinilai. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan ulasan sistematis dengan diagram PRISMA. Kriteria kelayakan Model PICO: P adalah pasien; I adalah dukungan keluarga dan dzikir; C adalah tidak dukungan keluarga dan tidak dzikir; dan O adalah tingkat kecemasan. Artikel yang digunakan berasal dari Google Scholar, sebuah database. Dengan kata kunci seperti "Dukungan keluarga", "kehamilan", "kecemasan", persalinan, dan dzikir. Hasil: Dalam delapan artikel, dukungan keluarga dan dzikir terkait dengan tingkat kecemasan. menunjukkan bahwa dukungan keluarga dan dzikir mengurangi kecemasan.
Impact of Management Development Strategy on Excellence Competition Using Performance as an Intervening Variable of the Private University under the LLDIKTI IX Area
Authors: Toaha Muhammad , Hendriadi Hendriadi , Megawaty Megawaty , Al Kausar Al Kausar 
Published: May 2024

This study aims to examine management development strategies for the excellence of private higher education in LLDIKTI IX. The sample in this study was 389 out of 17,589 lecturers working in 328 private universities in the LLDIKTI IX area. The statistical tools used for partial least square analysis with the Structural Equation Method and descriptive statistics. It was found that Development Academic, Curriculum Development, Support Career, and Development Education Have a significant impact on the Performance of Lecturers while Expansion of Education and Developing Competence have no significant impact. Development of Academics, Support Career, and Development of Education Have a significant impact and the Performance of Lecturers' Excellence Competition, while Expansion of Education, Curriculum Development, and Developing Competence have no significant impact on the Excellence competition in private universities in the LLDIKTI IX area.