bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of Wallace Criteria for Clinical Remission in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: a Cohort Study of 761 Consecutive Cases
Authors: LURATI ALFREDOMARIA , SALMASO ALESSANDRA , GERLONI VALERIA , GATTINARA MAURIZIO , FANTINI FLAVIO 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To evaluate disease course and clinical usefulness in some categories of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) by applying newly developed Wallace definitions of remission off drugs.Methods.In a retrospective study, charts of patients with chronic form of primary (idiopathic) arthritis followed from our center since 1970 were reviewed and clinical/laboratory variables were collected for further analysis.Results.The cohort included 761 eligible patients [516 (67.8%) female, 245 (32.2%) male] with JIA. Mean disease onset age (± standard deviation) was 6.25 ± 4.4 years (range 0.5–15.9). Disease mean duration to last visit was 10.02 ± 4.31 years. Followup mean period was 7.6 ± 6.4 years (range 1.5–35 yrs). A total of 247 (32.46%) patients achieved remission according to criteria [persistent oligoarthritis 153 (42.9%); extended oligoarthritis 15 (13.1%); seronegative polyarthritis 21 (22.4%); systemic arthritis 33 (33.7%); enthesitis related arthritis (ERA) plus juvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA) 25 (33.4%)]. No patients with seropositive polyarthritis achieved remission status (p < 0.001). In remitted patients the mean survival function (± standard error of the mean) before relapse calculated by Kaplan-Meier was of 20.9 (± 1.3) months overall: 21.7 (± 0.46) in persistent oligoarthritis, 25.0 (± 6.6) in extended oligoarthritis, 26.7 (± 13.2) in seronegative polyarthritis, and 17.6 (± 2.44) in ERA+JPsA (p > 0.1).Conclusion.In our cohort about one-third of cases obtained a remission episode in 4 decades of observation, with a significant difference between oligoarthritis and other categories (p < 0.001) using the Kaplan-Meier method; the remission status duration before a relapse has been about 20 months, without a significant difference between JIA categories.
E-selectin, Interleukin 18, Serum Amyloid A, and Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 Are Associated with Clinical Response to Golimumab plus Methotrexate in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis Despite Methotrexate Therapy
Authors: VISVANATHAN SUDHA , WAGNER CARRIE , ROJAS JEANNIE , KAY JONATHAN , DASGUPTA BHASKAR , MATTESON ERIC L. , MACK MICHAEL , BAKER DANIEL G. , RAHMAN MAHBOOB U. 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To assess the effect of golimumab (human monoclonal antibody to tumor necrosis factor-α) plus methotrexate (MTX) on selected inflammatory biomarkers, and to determine if these effects predict clinical response in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Sera from adults with active RA despite MTX therapy, who received subcutaneous injections of placebo + MTX (MTX alone, n = 34) or golimumab 50 or 100 mg every 2 or 4 weeks + MTX (n = 137), were analyzed for levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), serum amyloid A (SAA), interleukin 18 (IL-18), E-selectin, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1).Results.Golimumab + MTX treatment significantly decreased serum CRP, SAA, IL-18, E-selectin, TIMP-1, and MMP-9 levels (median percent changes of −4.1% to −74.3% across treatment groups) versus MTX alone (−5.8% to 9.7%) when first measured at Week 4; decreases were sustained through Week 16. Larger magnitudes of decrease in all biomarkers were observed for clinical responders versus nonresponders. For golimumab + MTX, regression analyses including all biomarkers and select clinical measures showed that reductions in levels of several markers (SAA, E-selectin, MMP-9) as early as Week 4 correlated significantly with improvement in swollen joint count (SJC) at Week 16, as did reductions in E-selectin with improvement in tender joint count at Week 16. After accounting for the biomarkers, however, treatment group was no longer significant for SJC.Conclusion.Significant decreases in several inflammatory biomarkers were associated with golimumab + MTX therapy. Decreases in serum levels of SAA, E-selectin, and MMP-9 at Week 4 may be useful in predicting clinical response at Week 16.
Preventing Tuberculosis Flare in Patients with Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases Receiving Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Inhibitors in India — An Audit Report
Authors: MALAVIYA ANAND N. , KAPOOR SANJIV , GARG SHRIRAM , RAWAT ROOPA , SHANKAR SUBRAMANIAN , NAGPAL SAVITA , KHANNA DINESH , FURST DANIEL E. 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To test the efficacies of a strategy for preventing tuberculosis (TB) in Indian patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) treated with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibitor.Methods.The screening strategy included tuberculosis skin test (TST), QuantiFERON-TB Gold (QTG) test, standard chest radiograph, and contrast enhanced-computerized tomography of the chest (CT).Results.Among 53 patients screened, 17 (32%) had ≥ 1 test positive, with 5 (9.4%) patients having TB infection (clinical, CT, biopsy). The remaining 12 patients showed latent TB; 1 additional patient with negative screening tests was diagnosed with latent TB retrospectively for he developed TB disease within a few weeks of receiving infliximab. The remaining 35 patients tested negative with all tests. The combination of 4 screening tests gave a sensitivity of 0.83, specificity of 0.74, positive predictive value (PPV) 0.29, and negative predictive value (NPV) 0.97. Only 22 patients could afford treatment with TNF-α inhibitors; 19 of them were negative in the screening tests. Three patients who were positive on TST and/or QTG received prophylactic treatment with TNF-α inhibitor. Since implementation of the screening strategy, only 1 of 22 (4.5%) patients given TNF-α inhibitor developed probable TB disease.Conclusion.With the use of these 4 TB screening tests in India, where TB is highly prevalent, TB could be excluded with a high degree of certainty (NPV 0.97). However, as even this combination of tests has only moderate sensitivity and specificity and poor PPV for detecting TB, vigilance may be advisable even if only one of the tests is positive.
Validity of Self-Reported Comorbidities in Systemic Sclerosis: Table 1.
Authors: HUDSON MARIE , SHARMA ANISH , BERNSTEIN JESSICA ,   the CANADIAN SCLERODERMA RESEARCH GROUP, BARON MURRAY 
Published: June 2009

Objective.To assess the validity of self-reports by patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) of 5 common, chronic conditions (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, depression, and osteoarthritis/back pain) as compared to chart review.Methods.SSc patients at a large referral hospital self-reported on a number of comorbidities. Their inpatient and outpatient medical records were abstracted using a standardized data extraction form. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of the self-reported diagnoses were calculated using data from the chart review as gold standard.Results.Self-reported comorbidity data were verified by chart review for 130 patients with SSc. The sensitivity of the self-reports for the 5 comorbid conditions was low [range 35% (cancer) to 86% (diabetes)]. The specificity was moderate to high [range 76% (osteoarthritis/back pain) to 99% (cancer)]. The positive predictive values ranged from 31% (depression) to 86% (cancer).Conclusion.Self-reports of comorbidities do not provide optimal data for the identification of common, chronic conditions in patients with SSc.
Spontaneous Outcropping of Self‐Assembled Insulating Nanodots in Solution‐Derived Metallic Ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 Films
Authors: Moreno César , Abellán Patricia , Hassini Awatef , Ruyter Antoine , del Pino Angel Pérez , Sandiumenge Felip , Casanove Marie‐Jose , Santiso José , Puig Teresa , Obradors Xavier 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA new mechanism is proposed for the generation of self‐assembled nanodots at the surface of a film based on spontaneous outcropping of the secondary phase of a nanocomposite epitaxial film. Epitaxial self‐assembled Sr–La oxide insulating nanodots are formed through this mechanism at the surface of an epitaxial metallic ferromagnetic La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) film grown on SrTiO3 from chemical solutions. TEM analysis reveals that, underneath the La–Sr oxide (LSO) nanodots, the film switches from the compressive out‐of‐plane stress component to a tensile one. It is shown that the size and concentration of the nanodots can be tuned by means of growth kinetics and through modification of the La excess in the precursor chemical solution. The driving force for the nanodot formation can be attributed to a cooperative effect involving the minimization of the elastic strain energy and a thermodynamic instability of the LSMO phase against the formation of a Ruddelsden–Popper phase Sr3Mn4O7 embedded in the film, and LSO surface nanodots. The mechanism can be described as a generalization of the classical Stranski–Krastanov growth mode involving phase separation. LSO islands induce an isotropic strain to the LSMO film underneath the island which decreases the magnetoelastic contribution to the magnetic anisotropy.
The Synthesis and Assembly of Polymeric Microparticles Using Microfluidics
Authors: Dendukuri Dhananjay , Doyle Patrick S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe controlled synthesis of micrometer‐sized polymeric particles bearing features such as nonspherical shapes and spatially segregated chemical properties is becoming increasingly important. Such particles can enable fundamental studies on self‐assembly and suspension rheology, as well as be used in applications ranging from medical diagnostics to photonic devices. Microfluidics has recently emerged as a very promising route to the synthesis of such polymeric particles, providing fine control over particle shape, size, chemical anisotropy, porosity, and core/shell structure. This progress report summarizes microfluidic approaches to particle synthesis using both droplet‐ and flow‐lithography‐based methods, as well as particle assembly in microfluidic devices. The particles formed are classified according to their morphology, chemical anisotropy, and internal structure, and relevant examples are provided to illustrate each of these approaches. Emerging applications of the complex particles formed using these techniques and the outlook for such processes are discussed.
Intra‐community coalitionary lethal attack of an adult male southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides)
Authors: Talebi M.G. , Beltrão‐Mendes R. , Lee P.C. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe report on the first evidence of intra‐community coalitionary lethal aggression in muriquis (Brachyteles). The event occurred in southern muriquis (Brachyteles arachnoides) during a long‐term study (>15 years) of two social groups inhabiting mostly pristine Atlantic forest habitat in the Parque Estadual Carlos Botelho, southern São Paulo State, Brazil. The attack took place deep in the core area of the Group Caetê home range. Tense agonistic behaviors and vocalizations preceded the lethal coalitionary attack, and the tension increased over a 36–48 hr period. One adult female and two unidentified individuals also took part in a coalition led by six adult males. The members of the coalition collectively approached, embraced, immobilized and repeatedly bit the entire body of an adult male, resulting in severe bleeding injuries and the victim's death in less than 1 hr after the attack commenced. Combined ecological, behavioral and spatial data related to the event indicate that this was an intra‐community attack and suggest social tensions related to mating competition as the proximate trigger of the coalitionary killing. The attack resembled those reported for chimpanzees, with clear numeric superiority and a low risk of injury to aggressors, resulting in the death of a lone conspecific victim. This observation (n=1) is suggestive of a capacity for escalated aggression in muriquis and reinforces arguments for the potential adaptive significance of intra‐community aggression in male philopatric societies, as reported for spider monkeys and chimpanzees. These characteristics challenge the view of the muriquis as a peaceful primate and support the general hypothesis that imbalances of power contribute to intra‐specific killing in primates, such as chimpanzees and humans. Am. J. Primatol. 71:860–867, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Eine weiche Alternative zum {(C5Me5)2U}‐Leitmotiv
Authors: Ephritikhine Michel 
Published: June 2009

AbstractU in der „Pinzette“ statt im „Sandwich“: Sackgassen in der Metallocenchemie der Actinoide lassen sich durch den Einsatz eines weichen PNP‐Pinzettenliganden umgehen (siehe Schema). Der flexible und hemilabile PNP‐Ligand kann niedervalente Uranspezies ebenso stabilisieren wie hochvalente. Die (PNP)2‐Koordination ist eine wertvolle Alternative zur (C5Me5)2‐Ligandenumgebung und bietet besondere Strukturen und Reaktionsmuster.magnified image
Luminescent Terbium Protein Labels for Time‐Resolved Microscopy and Screening
Authors: Rajapakse Harsha E. , Reddy D. Rajasekhar , Mohandessi Shabnam , Butlin Nathaniel G. , Miller Lawrence W. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractZum Leuchten gebracht: Heterodimere Konjugate aus Trimethoprim und sensibilisierten Terbiumchelaten koordinieren Fusionsproteine der Dihydrofolat‐Reduktase aus Escherichia coli mit nanomolarer Affinität (siehe Bild). Anhand der Terbiumlumineszenz lassen sich markierte Proteine in vitro und auf der Oberfläche lebender Säugerzellen zeitaufgelöst und mit hoher Empfindlichkeit detektieren.magnified image
Decarboxylierende Grob‐Fragmentierung zur Synthese trisubstituierter Z‐Olefine: Anwendung auf Pelorusid A, Discodermolid und Epothilon D
Authors: Prantz Kathrin , Mulzer Johann 
Published: June 2009

AbstractZum Z‐Olefin zerlegt: Eine neue Methode zur Synthese methylverzweigter trisubstituierter Z‐Olefine (eines verbreiteten Strukturmotivs in Polyketiden mit Antitumoraktivität) beruht auf einer durch Hydroxidionen induzierten, decarboxylierenden Grob‐Fragmentierung (siehe Schema; Ms=Mesyl). Die Ausgangsverbindungen sind Mesyloxylactone mit einem quartären α‐Stereozentrum, die diastereo‐ und enantioselektiv durch Aldoladditionen aufgebaut wurden.magnified image
Chemical Infiltration during Atomic Layer Deposition: Metalation of Porphyrins as Model Substrates
Authors: Zhang Lianbing , Patil Avinash J. , Li Le , Schierhorn Angelika , Mann Stephen , Gösele Ulrich , Knez Mato 
Published: June 2009

AbstractNew uses for ALD: By applying standard metal oxide atomic layer deposition (ALD) to two types of porphyrins, site‐specific chemical infiltration of substrate molecules is achieved: Diethylzinc can diffuse into the interior of porphyrin supramolecular structures and induce metalation of the porphyrin molecules from the vapor phase. A=Ph, p‐HO3SC6H4.magnified image
Magnetic Bistability of Individual Single‐Molecule Magnets Grafted on Single‐Wall Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Giusti Anna , Charron Gaëlle , Mazerat Sandra , Compain Jean‐Daniel , Mialane Pierre , Dolbecq Anne , Rivière Eric , Wernsdorfer Wolfgang , Ngo Biboum Rosa , Keita Bineta , Nadjo Louis , Filoramo Arianna , Bourgoin Jean‐Philippe , Mallah Talal 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA POM to remember: Hexanuclear FeIII polyoxometalate (POM) single‐molecule magnets (see structure) can be noncovalently assembled on the surface of single‐wall carbon nanotubes. Complementary characterization techniques (see TEM image and magnetic hysteresis loops) demonstrate the integrity and bistability of the individual molecules, which could be used to construct single‐molecule memory devices.magnified image
pH–temperature responsive poly(HPA‐Co‐AMHS) hydrogel as a potential drug‐release carrier
Authors: Deng Kuilin , Tian Hua , Zhang Pengfei , Zhong Haibin , Ren Xiaobo , Wang Haijun 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this study, a novel pH–temperature‐responsive copolymer was first synthesized by the radical copolymerization between HPA (2‐hydroxypropyl acrylate and 2‐hydroxyisopropyl acrylate) and AMHS (aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloric salt). The molecular structure of the corresponding copolymer has been confirmed by 1H‐NMR and FTIR. The lower critical solution temperature of the resulting copolymer exhibited a considerable dependence upon the ratio of monomers and pH value in the medium. On the basis of the copolymer, a hydrogel as drug release carrier was prepared via the introduction of a crosslinker, N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide. The swelling behaviors of hydrogel in the different pH value, temperature, and NaCl concentration have indicated that the hydrogel showed a remarkable phase transition at 31.5°C. The swelling ratio was increased with an increasing of pH value, especially in the greater pH values. By the use of caffeine as a model drug, we investigated the caffeine‐controlled release from hydrogel systematically as a function of pH value, temperature, and crosslinker content. The caffeine release was sensitive to the temperature. Only 55% caffeine was released from the hydrogel at room temperature, whereas ∼ 92% caffeine diffused into the medium at 37°C. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Comparison of ozone fluxes over grassland by gradient and eddy covariance technique
Authors: Muller Jennifer B. A. , Coyle Mhairi , Fowler David , Gallagher Martin W. , Nemitz Eiko G. , Percival Carl J. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractOzone flux measurements over vegetation are important to estimate surface losses and ozone uptake by plants. The gradient and eddy covariance flux technique were used for measurements over grassland at a flux‐monitoring site in southern Scotland during August 2007. The comparison of the two methods shows that the aerodynamic flux‐gradient method provides very similar long‐term average fluxes of ozone as the eddy covariance method. The eddy covariance technique is better at capturing diurnal cycles and short‐term changes, but the comparison of two fast analysers illustrate that there can be considerable measurement uncertainty. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
Optimal corrective maintenance contract planning for aging multi‐state system
Authors: Ding Yi , Lisnianski Anatoly , Frenkel Ilia , Khvatskin Lev 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper considers an aging multi‐state system, where the system failure rate varies with time. After any failure, maintenance is performed by an external repair team. Repair rate and cost of each repair are determined by a corresponding corrective maintenance contract with a repair team. The service market can provide different kinds of maintenance contracts to the system owner, which also can be changed after each specified time period. The owner of the system would like to determine a series of repair contracts during the system life cycle in order to minimize the total expected cost while satisfying the system availability. Operating cost, repair cost and penalty cost for system failures should be taken into account. The paper proposes a method for determining such optimal series of maintenance contracts. The method is based on the piecewise constant approximation for an increasing failure rate function in order to assess lower and upper bounds of the total expected cost and system availability by using Markov models. The genetic algorithm is used as the optimization technique. Numerical example is presented to illustrate the approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Magnetoelastische Spannkraftmessung in Bauwerken
Authors: Budelmann Harald , Holst Alexander , Wichmann Hans‐Joachim 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDie Kenntnis der Spanngliedvorspannkraft und deren zuverlässige und zerstörungsfreie Ermittlung sind für die Beurteilung des Bauwerkszustands vorgespannter Betonkonstruktionen und rückverankerter Systeme hinsichtlich Tragsicherheit, Gebrauchstauglichkeit und Dauerhaftigkeit von essentieller Bedeutung. Zur Bestimmung der Spannkräfte in Stahlzuggliedern wird bei dem im Beitrag vorgestellten Messverfahren der magnetoelastische Effekt (ME‐Effekt) ferromagnetischer Materialien genutzt. Dieser beschreibt den umgekehrt‐proportionalen Zusammenhang zwischen der mechanischen Spannung und den magnetischen Eigenschaften ferromagnetischer Stoffe. Die am iBMB/MPA der TU Braunschweig entwickelte und für den Praxiseinsatz optimierte Messanlage mit über den Spannstahl geschobenen, zylinderförmigen Spulensensoren ermöglicht es, die Spannstahlkraft nach einer Initialkalibrierung schnell und zuverlässig zu ermitteln.Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird zunächst der Stand der Technik zur Spannkraftmessung an Stahlzuggliedern dargelegt. Anschließend werden das ME‐Messverfahren mit den Grundlagen und Vorzügen der magnetoelastischen Spannkraftermittlung vorgestellt, aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse erörtert und einige Bauwerksanwendungen gezeigt.
Verbundlose interne Vorspannung von weitgespannten Plattentragwerken im Hochbau
Authors: Bergmeister Konrad , Weis Walter , Taferner Josef , Sicher Philipp 
Published: June 2009

AbstractUm den Ansprüchen der Robustheit und der Zeit‐ und Kostenoptimierung auch im Hochbau Rechnung zu tragen, wurde die verbundlose interne Vorspannung dahingehend vereinfacht, dass der Einbau der Spannglieder mit geringstmöglichem Arbeitsaufwand ermöglicht wird. Dazu wurde die freie Spanngliedlage entwickelt, bei welcher lediglich eine Randanhebung (Auflagerbereich) und eine oder mehrere Mittenanhebungen (Stützenbereich) notwendig sind. Die Umlenkkräfte werden vor allem zur Begrenzung der Durchbiegungen und erst in zweiter Linie zur Rissbreitenbeschränkung und zur Herstellung der Tragsicherheit herangezogen. In diesem Aufsatz werden neben theoretischen Überlegungen auch zwei innovative Anwendungsbeispiele gezeigt. Durch Überlegung der Abtragungsmechanismen und mittels dreidimensionaler FE‐Berechnungen konnte auch die Interaktion zwischen Tragwerk und Untergrund einbezogen werden.
Conserved noncoding elements and the evolution of animal body plans
Authors: Vavouri Tanya , Lehner Ben 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe genomes of vertebrates, flies, and nematodes contain highly conserved noncoding elements (CNEs). CNEs cluster around genes that regulate development, and where tested, they can act as transcriptional enhancers. Within an animal group CNEs are the most conserved sequences but between groups they are normally diverged beyond recognition. Alternative CNEs are, however, associated with an overlapping set of genes that control development in all animals. Here, we discuss the evidence that CNEs are part of the core gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that specify alternative animal body plans. The major animal groups arose >550 million years ago. We propose that the cis‐regulatory inputs identified by CNEs arose during the “re‐wiring” of regulatory interactions that occurred during early animal evolution. Consequently, different animal groups, with different core GRNs, contain alternative sets of CNEs. Due to the subsequent stability of animal body plans, these core regulatory sequences have been evolving in parallel under strong purifying selection in different animal groups.