bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Modeling of the Central Carbohydrate Metabolism in Arabidopsis Reveals a Substantial Regulatory Influence of Vacuolar Invertase on Whole Plant Carbon Metabolism
Authors: Nägele Thomas , Henkel Sebastian , Hörmiller Imke , Sauter Thomas , Sawodny Oliver , Ederer Michael , Heyer Arnd G. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
A mathematical model representing metabolite interconversions in the central carbohydrate metabolism of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) was developed to simulate the diurnal dynamics of primary carbon metabolism in a photosynthetically active plant leaf. The model groups enzymatic steps of central carbohydrate metabolism into blocks of interconverting reactions that link easily measurable quantities like CO2 exchange and quasi-steady-state levels of soluble sugars and starch. When metabolite levels that fluctuate over diurnal cycles are used as a basic condition for simulation, turnover rates for the interconverting reactions can be calculated that approximate measured metabolite dynamics and yield kinetic parameters of interconverting reactions. We used experimental data for Arabidopsis wild-type plants, accession Columbia, and a mutant defective in vacuolar invertase, AtβFruct4, as input data. Reducing invertase activity to mutant levels in the wild-type model led to a correct prediction of increased sucrose levels. However, additional changes were needed to correctly simulate levels of hexoses and sugar phosphates, indicating that invertase knockout causes subsequent changes in other enzymatic parameters. Reduction of invertase activity caused a decline in photosynthesis and export of reduced carbon to associated metabolic pathways and sink organs (e.g. roots), which is in agreement with the reported contribution of vacuolar invertase to sink strength. According to model parameters, there is a role for invertase in leaves, where futile cycling of sucrose appears to have a buffering effect on the pools of sucrose, hexoses, and sugar phosphates. Our data demonstrate that modeling complex metabolic pathways is a useful tool to study the significance of single enzyme activities in complex, nonintuitive networks.
bZIP28 and NF-Y Transcription Factors Are Activated by ER Stress and Assemble into a Transcriptional Complex to Regulate Stress Response Genes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Liu Jian-Xiang , Howell Stephen H. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Stress agents known to elicit the unfolded protein response in Arabidopsis thaliana upregulate the expression of a constellation of genes dependent on the membrane-associated basic domain/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor, bZIP28. Among the stress-activated genes, a consensus promoter sequence corresponding to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-responsive element I (ERSE-I), CCAAT-N10-CACG, was identified. Disruption of either the CCAAT or CACG subelement in ERSE-I resulted in reduction of the transcriptional response to ER stress. bZIP28 forms homo- and heterodimers with other bZIP TF family members (in subgroup D) and interacts with CCAAT box binding factors, heterotrimeric factors composed of NF-Y subunits. Arabidopsis encodes 36 NF-Y subunits, and it was found that subunits NF-YB3 and -YC2 interact with bZIP28 and NF-YA4, respectively, in a yeast three-hybrid system. A transcriptional complex containing bZIP28 and the above-mentioned three NF-Y subunits was assembled in vitro on DNA containing ERSE-I. bZIP28, on its own, binds to the CACG subelement in ERSE-I to form a smaller complex I, and in combination with the NF-Y subunits above, bZIP28 assembles into a larger transcriptional complex (complex II). bZIP28 was shown to interact with NF-Y subunits in vivo in bimolecular fluorescence complementation analyses and in coimmunoprecipitation assays. Treatment of seedlings with ER stress agents led to the upregulation of NF-YC2 and the relocation of NF-YB3 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Thus, in response to ER stress, bZIP28 is mobilized by proteolysis and recruits NF-Y subunits to form a transcriptional complex that upregulates the expression of ER stress-induced genes.
Quantitative analysis of the effect of coarse aggregate diffusivity on reinforcing steel corrosion initiation with a finite element model
Authors: Yu Hui , Hartt William H. 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore and compare the influence of diverse coarse aggregate (CA) diffusivities on reinforcing steel corrosion initiation through a quantitative modeling analysis approach.Design/methodology/approachFinite element analysis was used to solve two‐dimensional chloride diffusion processes, which follow the Fick's second law within the concrete cover. Two non‐dimensional time‐derating factors were employed to quantify the time‐to‐corrosion of steel rebar, Ti, for different models.FindingsThe finite diffusivity CA exhibits variable effects on Ti, depending upon: diffusivity ratio between the CA and mortar; CA type; reinforcement corrosion resistance; and cover thickness. The intent of the effects are expressed quantitatively and their implications discussed.Originality/valueThe methodology and results presented in this paper provide insights on the variable reinforcement Ti values as a function of CA diffusivity. The approach employed herein provides an effective tool to select CA materials for reinforced concrete structure where chloride‐induced corrosion is a concern.
Stress corrosion cracking of sensitized austenitic stainless steels in Kuwait petroleum refineries
Authors: Almubarak A. , Belkharchouche M. , Hussain A. 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate stress corrosion cracking (SCC) for 304, 316, and 321 stainless steels in petroleum‐processing environments.Design/methodology/approachSensitized austenitic stainless steels were subjected to a microstructure investigation and electrochemical test. Stressed sensitized 304, 316, and 321 stainless steels were selected and subjected to various environments that included polythionic acid, sour solution, and chloride solution that were prepared in the laboratory to simulate service environments in the petroleum refinery.FindingsMicrostructure investigation reveals more severe SCC in polythionic acid than in the sour and chloride solutions. Type 321 SS gives better resistance to SCC than do 304 and 316 SS in the three solutions. It is concluded that acidity of solutions has a relatively minor influence in promoting cracking. However, polythionic acid is found to be the primary causative agent.Originality/valueThe results demonstrated that SCC is more severe in polythionic acid than in chloride and sour solutions.
Application of the inverse wavelet transform on electrochemical current signals to demonstrate the essence of high‐frequency variations
Authors: Khodayari Mehdi , Reza Allahkaram Saeed , Volinsky Alex A. 
Published: March 2010

PurposeOne way to analyze electrochemical signals is the wavelet transform, which transforms a signal into another representation whereby the signal information is presented in a multi‐scale manner. Using the inverse wavelet transform, it is also possible to split a signal into different components of different frequency intervals. The inverse wavelet transform is the concept underpinning this paper, the aim of which is to demonstrate that high‐frequency variations in current signals are as valuable as low‐frequency variations.Design/methodology/approachThe set‐up for the experiments carried out consisted of two identical carbon steel working electrodes exposed to simulated concrete pore solution, sparged simultaneously with SO2 and CO2. The corresponding electrochemical current signal was studied using wavelet transform.FindingsHigh‐frequency components of current signals are as informative as low‐frequency components. High‐frequency variations could show some electrochemical activities that are not obvious in the other parts.Originality/valueThis paper shows that high‐frequency variations can be taken into consideration along with low‐frequency variations, since both can provide complementary information about electrochemical activities.
Effect of the relative velocity between ship hull and seawater on the performance of sacrificial cathodic protection
Authors: Sedahmed G.H. , Farag H.A. , Hassan M.A. , Hassan I. 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the effect of the relative velocity between ship hull and seawater on the rate of zinc consumption and degree of cathodic protection during sacrificial cathodic protection of steel hulls using zinc anodes.Design/methodology/approachThe rate of zinc consumption under different relative velocities was determined by the loss in weight technique while the degree of cathodic protection of the ship hull at different distances from the anode was determined by measuring the cathode potential of the hull cathode against a silver/silver chloride reference electrode.FindingsWithin the present range of conditions, the rate of zinc consumption (R) was found to increase with increasing the relative velocity according to equations: R=3.9×10−4 Re0.0126; for Re<3,500, and R=7.36×10−6 Re0.5; for Re>3,500, where Re is the Reynolds number. The degree of cathodic protection represented by the hull (cathode) potential at a given distance from the anode was found to decrease slightly with increasing the relative velocity.Originality/valueThe present results would make it possible for the designer of sacrificial cathodic protection systems to assess the amount of zinc required to protect the ship hull under certain operating conditions more accurately than the situation where the effect of the relative velocity was not considered.
On the prevalence and scientific impact of duplicate publications in different scientific fields (1980‐2007)
Authors: Larivière Vincent , Gingras Yves 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe issue of duplicate publications has received a lot of attention in the medical literature, but much less in the information science community. This paper aims to analyze the prevalence and scientific impact of duplicate publications across all fields of research between 1980 and 2007.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is a bibliometric analysis of duplicate papers based on their metadata. Duplicate papers are defined as papers published in two different journals having: the exact same title; the same first author; and the same number of cited references.FindingsIn all fields combined, the prevalence of duplicates is one out of 2,000 papers, but is higher in the natural and medical sciences than in the social sciences and humanities. A very high proportion (>85 percent) of these papers are published the same year or one year apart, which suggest that most duplicate papers were submitted simultaneously. Furthermore, duplicate papers are generally published in journals with impact factors below the average of their field and obtain lower citations.Originality/valueThe paper provides clear evidence that the prevalence of duplicate papers is low and, more importantly, that the scientific impact of such papers is below average.
From digital libraries to digital preservation research: the importance of users and context
Authors: Chowdhury Gobinda 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to point out the commonalities of research in digital libraries and digital preservation with regard to the issues of users and context of information.Design/methodology/approachThe paper's approach is a review of selected literature and reports of research projects focusing particularly on digital preservation research.FindingsIt is noted that just like the digital library community the digital preservation research community is also confronted with the challenges of capturing, storing and making use of the information related to users and context.Practical implicationsThe paper points out some current research in digital preservation that aims to handle the users and context information for building future digital preservation systems. It highlights some major challenges in these areas.Originality/valueThe paper reports on the state of the art research in digital preservation.
The connection between purposive information seeking and information encountering
Authors: Pálsdóttir Ágústa 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to explore health and lifestyle information seeking behaviour by examining the connection between purposive information seeking and information encountering.Design/methodology/approachData on purposive seeking and information encountering, gathered from postal surveys in 2002 and 2007, were compared. Random samples of 1,000 Icelanders, aged 18 to 80 were used. The response rate was 51 per cent in 2002 and 47 per cent in 2007. Based on the purposive seeking in 22 sources, k‐means cluster analysis was used to draw four clusters of participants: passive, moderately passive, moderately active and active.FindingsThe results from 2007 and 2002 revealed the same kind of information seeking. The findings indicate that information encountering is an integral feature of information seeking behaviour. Information is encountered more often than sought on purpose by all clusters. Clusters that were active in purposive information seeking were also active in information encountering and those who were passive in either of the two styles of information seeking were also passive in the other.Research limitations/implicationsThe response rates are considered satisfactory in postal surveys. Nevertheless, when missing data in the cluster analysis are also considered it raises a question about the validity of the findings. The findings of the studies, however, are strengthened by the fact that respondents reflect the population fairly well.Practical implicationsImproved knowledge of information seeking and how different groups within society can be reached more effectively is important for health promotion and public health practice.Originality/valueThe paper uses quantitative methods to examine the connection between purposive information seeking and information encountering.
Framing information literacy as information practice: site ontology and practice theory
Authors: Lloyd Annemaree 
Published: March 2010

PurposeInformation literacy is a rich and complex social information practice that is constructed according to specific practical understandings, rules and teleoaffective features which characterise a social site or setting. This paper aims to explore the philosophical and theoretical perspective of practice theory, in particular, the ontological work of Schatzki. These perspectives are to be used to frame an understanding of the features of information literacy as sociocultural practice.Design/methodology/approachA theoretical perspective is introduced to examine the concept of information literacy practice by framing this analysis through a site ontology developed by Schatzki. Sociocultural and practice theory are employed in this exploration of information literacy as sociocultural practice and provide a framework for architecture of information literacy practice.FindingsInformation literacy can be understood as a critical information practice which is organised and arranged through the site of the social, rather than as a reified and decontexualised set of skills.Research limitations/implicationsFraming information literacy research through site ontology and the use of a practice perspective has implications for further research into information literacy and for the development of pedagogic practices related to information literacy instructionOriginality/valueThe paper offers an alternate way of framing information literacy by introducing the concepts related to practice theory.
A tight reign
Authors: Clardy Alan , Beadle Scott 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is is to depict an example of an abusive, bullying manager; suggest what effects those abusive practices were having on individuals and the organization; note the potential ethical, legal and organizational issues involved; prompt analysis of organizational conditions and practices that allow such behavior; and promote consideration of preventive policies, programs and practices.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a case study based on interviews, observations and document analysis. An extended literature review was examined to prepare a companion Instructor's Manual.FindingsThe bullying and abusive behavior of a firm's senior executive was seriously damaging the value and operating performance of the firm. The training manager was in a position to promote effective organizational responses to the bullying executive.Practical implicationsA variety of administrative, legal and/or ethical requirements indicate that the training director should act. In the companion Instructor's Manual, a number of preventive and recuperative interventions are suggested.Originality/valueThis paper provides one of the first detailed case histories of the nature of bullying behavior at an executive level and the effects such behavior has on the organization.
Communicative interaction as an instrument for integration and coordination in an aerospace supply chain
Authors: Rose‐Anderssen Christen , Baldwin James , Ridgway Keith 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the effects of communicative interaction on integration and coordination of a commercial aerospace supply chain.Design/methodology/approachA perspective of supply chains as complex activity networks is used for data analysis based on in‐depth interviews in a global setting. Themes for interviews were identified through literature research.FindingsThe paper finds that integration through risk‐sharing partnerships is chosen for co‐developing expertise and innovative capacity. Practices of integration and coordination through communicative interaction are emerging while they are producing innovative solutions and competitive advantage. The multi‐voiced interaction between partners in the supply chain is assisting in moving the product beyond what the airframe manufacturer could have created alone.Originality/valueThe paper provides evidence of changing interactive practices in commercial aerospace supply chains. By applying concepts of supply chains as he interaction of multiple work activities this assists in comprehending the forces of change. Communicative interaction within the supply chain is used for co‐construction of meaning to enhance change and development.
Paradexity: the convergence of paradox and complexity
Authors: Howard Anthony 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to propose a theory about the convergence of paradox and complexity and the consequences of this.Design/methodology/approachThe author conducts an ongoing series of conversations with a range of thinkers in the academic and commercial domainsFindingsThe paper finds that paradox and complexity are merging into “paradexity”. This can be observed in technological advancements that depersonalise, saturate, accelerate, and fragment the world we experience. It is contributing to the emergence of a new set of paradigms – the emotional economy, sense‐making, time expansion, and communities of interest – that will require developing four core capabilities: care, wisdom, attention and conversation.Research limitations/implicationsFurther rigorous testing would be required to confirm the validity of the views expressed.Practical implicationsThis paper has significant implications for the way people engage with one another and the way we organise our workforces, and offers suggestions for ways individuals and society can flourish in this environment.Originality/valueThe paper recognises the convergence of paradox and complexity and the need to work within this construct, rather than eliminate or minimise either. It would be of value to senior business leaders, human resource directors, and those involved with public policy who wish to design more effective organisations and societies.
Understanding social advocacy
Authors: London Manuel 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to examine characteristics that contribute to leaders' emergence and development as social advocates in their organizations and communities.Design/methodology/approachBuilding on theories of social problems, influence, and impression management, this paper examines how advocacy is affected by needs and situational conditions. Advocacy is the act of supporting an idea, need, person, or group. Advocates use cognitive, emotional, and behavioral strategies to influence attitudes, behaviors, and/or decisions for the benefit of individuals or to promote organizational change and/or social welfare. Social advocacy occurs within organizations in the form of corporate social responsibility, and it occurs within communities in the form of social entrepreneurship.FindingsThis theoretical paper argues that motivation of leaders of social ventures is a function of their conviction, self‐confidence, and extroversion. Advocates' beliefs about people are likely to shape their advocacy strategies, in particular, their beliefs about whether people are likely to change their attitudes and behavior, are sensitive to possible losses and gain, and respond to information about the probabilities and outcomes of actions and events. Advocate's resilience and transformational abilities (communications and political skills, knowledge of change management, and learning orientation) are predicted to influence their success.Originality/valueThe paper discusses directions for management development research and practice to promote involvement in social ventures.
Assessing the desktop manager
Authors: Lester Donald L. , Parnell John A. , Carraher Shawn 
Published: March 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to present the results of an empirical study identifying desktop managers who spend all of their time engaged with the computer and the effects this has on organizations.Design/methodology/approachA survey was administered to 30 organizations in a southwestern US state to determine the presence of desktop managers.FindingsThe paper finds that desktop managers in an organization negatively impacted job satisfaction, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship, and the zest and vitality of subordinates.Research limitations/implicationsOnly employees from 30 organizations were surveyed, and all were located in a specific geographic area of the USA.Practical implicationsThe negative impact of desktop managers on organizational members points to a disturbing trend, that knowledge workers are not having their interactive communication needs with managers met.Originality/valueThe original scale developed for the study shows promise in identifying the presence of desktop managers in organizations.