bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hetero‐oligophenylene‐Based AIEE Material as a Multiple Probe for Biomolecules and Metal Ions to Construct Logic Circuits: Application in Bioelectronics and Chemionics
Authors: Bhalla Vandana , Vij Varun , Dhir Abhimanew , Kumar Manoj 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNew hetero‐oligophenylene derivative (2) was synthesized which exhibits aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) in H2O/THF (80:20). The aggregates serve as a biological probe for three different proteins, that is bovine serum albumin (BSA), cytochrome c, and lysozyme, and DNA in contrasting modes. Further, among 29 metal ions tested, the contrasting fluorescence behavior of aggregates of 2 is observed with only Pb2+ and Pd2+ ions. Multiple output logic circuits based upon the fluorescence behavior between BSA and cytochrome c and between Pb2+ and Pd2+ ions are constructed.
Fueled by microtubules: Does tubulin dimer/polymer partitioning regulate intracellular metabolism?
Authors: Cassimeris Lynne , Silva Victoria Caruso , Miller Elizabeth , Ton Quynh , Molnar Cody , Fong John 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMicrotubules (MTs) or their subunits, tubulin dimers, interact with multiple components that contribute to intracellular metabolic pathways. MTs are required for insulin‐dependent transport of glucose transporter 4 to the plasma membrane, they bind most glycolytic enzymes and are required for translation of the mRNA encoding hypoxia inducible factor‐1α. Tubulin dimers bind the voltage‐dependent anion channel of the mitochondrial outer membrane; this channel functions in metabolite transport in and out of mitochondria. We hypothesize that tubulin partitioning between dimer and polymer pools regulates multiple steps in metabolism, where metabolic output is greatest when both tubulin dimers and MT polymers are present and reduced by drug treatments that disrupt this normal balance. Experimental evidence from these drug‐induced changes in tubulin dimer/polymer partitioning supports our model for several metabolic steps. Signal transduction pathways that stabilize or destabilize MTs can shift the normal ratio between unpolymerized and polymerized tubulin dimers, and one downstream consequence of this shift in tubulin partitioning could be a change in metabolic output. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Clinical impact of leukemic blast heterogeneity at diagnosis in cytogenetic intermediate‐risk acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Hoffmann Marianne Hutchings , Klausen Tobias Wirenfeldt , Boegsted Martin , Larsen Steffen Falgreen , Schmitz Alexander , Leinoe Eva Birgitte , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Hasle Henrik , Bergmann Olav Jonas , Sorensen Suzette , Nyegaard Mette , Dybkær Karen , Johnsen Hans Erik 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackground:Individual cellular heterogeneity within the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) bone marrow samples can be observed by multi parametric flow cytometry analysis (MFC) indicating that immunophenotypic screening for leukemic blast subsets may have prognostic impact.Material and methods:Samples from de novo AML patients of all cytogenetic risk groups were collected at diagnosis and subjected to MFC based on a four‐color antibody panels against 33 CD membrane markers and retrospectively analyzed for the leukemia blast expression pattern and mean fluorescence intensity. Identification of the leukemic blast cells was based on right angle light scatter (SSC) and expression of CD45 and the cellular heterogeneity identified by the presence of at least two distinct subsets by any CD marker.Results:Analysis of marrow samples from 86 patients with cytogenetic intermediate risk identified recurrent heterogeneous blast phenotypes for selected CD markers, three of which had prognostic impact with loss or gain of CD58, CD117, or CD14 expression.Multivariate Cox regression analysis of diagnostic variables identified poor prognostic factors: Age >55 years, presence of extramedullary disease, WHO performance score >2, a heterogeneous CD58, CD117, or CD14 expression on blast cells. Each variable added to a simple and clinical useful and MFC based prognostic score system associated to inferior survival in the intermediate risk group of AML patients.Conclusions:These observations support that leukemic blast heterogeneity detected by MFC has additional prognostic significance in de novo AML; however, the score system needs to be prospectively validated in future clinical trials before implementation. © 2012 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Genetic signatures of a demographic collapse in a large‐bodied forest dwelling primate (Mandrillus leucophaeus)
Authors: Ting Nelson , Astaras Christos , Hearn Gail , Honarvar Shaya , Corush Joel , Burrell Andrew S. , Phillips Naomi , Morgan Bethan J. , Gadsby Elizabeth L. , Raaum Ryan , Roos Christian 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIt is difficult to predict how current climate change will affect wildlife species adapted to a tropical rainforest environment. Understanding how population dynamics fluctuated in such species throughout periods of past climatic change can provide insight into this issue. The drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus) is a large‐bodied rainforest adapted mammal found in West Central Africa. In the middle of this endangered monkey's geographic range is Lake Barombi Mbo, which has a well‐documented palynological record of environmental change that dates to the Late Pleistocene. We used a Bayesian coalescent‐based framework to analyze 2,076 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA across wild drill populations to infer past changes in female effective population size since the Late Pleistocene. Our results suggest that the drill underwent a nearly 15‐fold demographic collapse in female effective population size that was most prominent during the Mid Holocene (approximately 3‐5 Ka). This time period coincides with a period of increased dryness and seasonality across Africa and a dramatic reduction in forest coverage at Lake Barombi Mbo. We believe that these changes in climate and forest coverage were the driving forces behind the drill population decline. Furthermore, the warm temperatures and increased aridity of the Mid Holocene are potentially analogous to current and future conditions faced by many tropical rainforest communities. In order to prevent future declines in population size in rainforest‐adapted species such as the drill, large tracts of forest should be protected to both preserve habitat and prevent forest loss through aridification.
Ionic‐Liquid‐Assisted Morphology Tuning of Calcium Carbonate in Ethanolic Solution
Authors: Fernandes Mariana , Almeida Paz Filipe A. , de Zea Bermudez Verónica 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe influence of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride, 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium chloride, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate and 3‐(2‐hydroxyethyl)‐1‐methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquids (ILs) on the morphology and structure of CaCO3has been investigated in an ethanolic medium by using calcium chloride and ammonium carbonate as the calcium and carbon sources, respectively. Syntheses were carried out at 9 °C and room temp. at different IL concentrations and CO32–/Ca2+molar ratios. No polymorph selectivity was detected, and calcite was the sole crystalline form obtained under all the considered reactions conditions. In the case of the BF4–‐based ILs, anion decomposition occurred, which led to the formation of fluorite. Low temperature reduced the precipitation rate. With the ILs employed, the morphology of CaCO3has been finely tailored: calcite microcubes, microframes and microboxes with potential application in drug delivery, as well as nanocubes and nanocorn‐like objects were produced with Cl–‐based ILs; with BF4–‐based ILs, hierarchically structured materials, in which calcite coexists with fluorite, and complex and intricate shapes were produced, such as nanostructured microspheres, nanostructured calla‐lily‐like and ice‐cream‐ball‐like micro‐objects.
Do TiO2 Nanoparticles Really Taste Better When Cooked in a Microwave Oven?
Authors: Dufour Fabien , Cassaignon Sophie , Durupthy Olivier , Colbeau‐Justin Christophe , Chanéac Corinne 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMicrowave‐assisted synthesis represents a valuable improvement in the domains of molecular and organic chemistry and was recently extended to inorganic and materials chemistry. A comparison of titanium dioxide nanoparticles synthesised in aqueous solution prepared in a microwave or a conventional oven is presented here. More precisely, three different protocols were used in order to determine the impact of the heating mode on the final product in terms of crystalline structure, particle size and morphology. Therefore, the resultant powders were analysed by Raman spectroscopy as well as X‐ray and electron diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results show that microwave treatment significantly reduces the heating time and generally produces smaller nanoparticles. The rutile/anatase/brookite phase distribution is also modified by the heating mode in certain protocols up to the formation of a pure anatase phase, for instance. The impact of microwaves on the solvent and on the inorganic precursors has been demonstrated. A photocatalytic test and time‐resolved microwave conductivity experiments were performed on rather similar samples prepared with the two heating modes in order to probe the improvement of the crystalline quality and its consequences on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 material.
Simultaneous Determination of Ascorbic Acid, Acetaminophen, and Tryptophan by Square Wave Voltammetry Using N‐(3,4‐Dihydroxyphenethyl)‐3,5‐Dinitrobenzamide‐Modified Carbon Nanotubes Paste Electrode
Authors: Ensafi Ali A. , Karimi‐Maleh Hassan , Mallakpour Shadpour 
Published: February 2012

AbstractN‐(3,4‐Dihydroxyphenethyl)‐3,5‐dinitrobenzamide modified‐multiwall carbon nanotubes paste electrode was fabricated and used as an electrocatalyst for the oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA), acetaminophen (AC), and tryptophan (TP) at pH 7.0. In a mixture containing AA, AC, and TP, the separation potentials were large enough to determine those compounds individually and simultaneously. The peak currents obtained were found to be linearly dependent on AA, AC, and TP concentrations in the ranges of 0.03–70, 0.6–452, and 0.7–270 µmol L−1, respectively. The sensor was used for the determination of AC, AC, and TP in different real samples with satisfactory results.
In vitro degradation and cytocompatibility of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate cements prepared using the monocalcium phosphate monohydrate/hydroxyapatite system reveals rapid conversion to HA as a key mechanism
Authors: Alge Daniel L. , Goebel W. Scott , Chu Tien‐Min Gabriel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe previously showed that dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) cements can be prepared using monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) and hydroxyapatite (HA). In this study, we have characterized the degradation properties and biocompatibility of these novel cements. To study the degradation properties, cements were prepared using MCPM:HA molar ratios of 4:1, 2:1, 2:3, and 2:5. Degradation was evaluated in vitro by static soaking in PBS, and changes in pH, mass, compressive strength, and composition were monitored. Conversion of DCPD to HA was noted in the 4:1 group, which initially consisted of pure DCPD. However, the 2:1 group, which initially consisted of DCPD and an intermediate amount of unreacted HA, underwent rapid conversion to HA associated with significantly greater pH drop and mass loss as well as a complete loss of mechanical integrity. On the basis of these results, we directly compared the cytocompatibility of 2:1 MCPM:HA cements to DCPD cements prepared with an equivalent percent molar excess of β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) using an in vitro cell viability assay. Viability of cells co‐cultured with 2:1 MCPM:HA cements was significantly reduced after just 48 h, while viability of cells cultured with the β‐TCP‐based cements was no different from control cells. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that conversion to HA plays an important role in the degradation of DCPD cements prepared with the MCPM/HA system, affecting both physical properties and cytocompatibility. These results could have important clinical implications for MCPM/HA cements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Hyaluronic acid viscosupplements from avian and non‐mammalian sources exhibit biocompatibility profiles with unique, source‐specific, antigenic profiles
Authors: Wooley Paul H. , Song Zheng , Harrison Andrew 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the biocompatibility profiles of hyaluronic acid (HA) viscosupplements from avian and non‐mammalian sources. Inflammatory and immune reactions were assessed in models of both clinically relevant and stringent immunological exposure conditions. Experiments were conducted to evaluate tissue reactions and immunological responses and assess antibody formation with the capacity to bind directly to and cross‐react with the different viscosupplements. Mice were exposed to viscosupplements using the air pouch inflammation model and specific immunization using Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). Murine pouch membrane tissue reactions revealed generally mild to moderate responses, with cellular infiltration and cytokine profiles of pouch tissue characteristic of predominantly fibroblastic responses rather than marked inflammatory reactions. In vitro testing indicated that pouch injections did not elicit detectable T‐cell proliferative responses, while antibody assays revealed that mice immunized with viscosupplements in FCA and subsequently boosted were capable of mounting an antibody response with a range of specificities. High reactivity to avian serum albumin was seen in sera from mice injected with HA from an avian source, while low positive reactivity to the bacterial antigen Staphylococcal Lipotechoic Acid was observed in sera from mice injected with HA from bacterial sources. These specificities did not indicate any propensity to cross‐react, suggesting that patients with adverse immune responses to HA from an avian source should be unresponsive to subsequent injection with HA from a non‐avian source. Overall, the findings demonstrate that viscosupplements exhibit good biocompatibility profiles in the murine air pouch, but when provoked to elicit immunological reactions exhibit unique antigenic spectra. These findings suggest that an immunologically mediated immune reaction directed against avian proteins should not necessarily be a contraindication for the administration of non‐avian viscosupplements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Eversion during external rotation of the human cadaver foot produces high ankle sprains
Authors: Wei Feng , Post Joel M. , Braman Jerrod E. , Meyer Eric G. , Powell John W. , Haut Roger C. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWhile high ankle sprains are often clinically ascribed to excessive external foot rotation, no experimental study documents isolated anterior tibiofibular ligament (ATiFL) injury under this loading. We hypothesized that external rotation of a highly everted foot would generate ATiFL injury, in contrast to deltoid ligament injury from external rotation of a neutral foot. Twelve (six pairs) male cadaveric lower extremity limbs underwent external foot rotation until gross failure. All limbs were positioned in 20° of dorsiflexion and restrained with elastic athletic tape. Right limbs were in neutral while left limbs were everted 20°. Talus motion relative to the tibia was measured using motion capture. Rotation at failure for everted limbs (46.8 ± 6.1°) was significantly greater than for neutral limbs (37.7 ± 5.4°). Everted limbs showed ATiFL injury only, while neutral limbs mostly demonstrated deltoid ligament failure. This is the first biomechanical study to produce isolated ATiFL injury under external foot rotation. Eversion of the axially loaded foot predisposes the ATiFL to injury, forming a basis for high ankle sprain. The study helps clarify a mechanism of high ankle sprain and may heighten clinical awareness of isolated ATiFL injury in cases of foot eversion prior to external rotation. It may also provide guidance to investigate the effect of prophylactic measures for this injury. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1423–1429, 2012
Synthesis of polyamides from diols and diamines with liberation of H2
Authors: Gnanaprakasam Boopathy , Balaraman Ekambaram , Gunanathan Chidambaram , Milstein David 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe amidation reaction based on catalytic coupling of alcohols with amines previously reported by us, using the pincer complexes 1 and 2 as catalysts, was applied to the generation of polyamides from nonactivated diols and diamines. A range of polymers was prepared, with Mn up to 26.9 kDa. Unlike the traditional syntheses of polyamides based on carboxylic acid derivatives, which require the use of toxic reagents and generate stoichiometric amounts of waste, this process generates only molecular hydrogen as byproduct. Both aromatic and aliphatic diols and diamines were used. Gel permeation chromatography measurements of the dimethylformamide‐soluble polymers and thermal studies of the polyamides were performed. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) spectra are also reported. Thermogravimetric analyses studies indicate that the aromatic polyamides (with the exception of the pyridine‐based polyamide) are more thermally stable than the aliphatic ones. This general, environmentally benign method for the synthesis of polyamides is homogeneously catalyzed under neutral conditions by dearomatized ruthenium‐pincer complexes 1 and 2 and proceeds in 1,4‐dioxane under an inert atmosphere. Conditions for polyamidation in the absence of solvent are also reported, using the pincer complex 2 as catalyst. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Ponderosa pine forest structure and northern goshawk reproduction: Response to Beier et al. (2008)
Authors: Reynolds Richard T. , Boyce Douglas A. , Graham Russell T. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEcosystem‐based forest management requires long planning horizons to incorporate forest dynamics — changes resulting from vegetation growth and succession and the periodic resetting of these by natural and anthropogenic disturbances such as fire, wind, insects, and timber harvests. Given these dynamics, ecosystem‐based forest management plans should specify desired conditions such as tree species composition, age class, tree density and structure, size and density of snags and course woody debris, and the size, shape, and juxtaposition of trees, groups of trees, and stands in order to create and sustain habitats for wildlife. The management recommendations for the northern goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) in the southwestern United States (hereafter, recommendations; Reynolds et al. ) is a management plan designed to conserve this top predator by accounting for factors thought to limit their populations: vegetation structures, foods, predators, and competitors. The recommendations combined coarse‐ and fine‐filter approaches to develop desired habitats for goshawks and their prey in landscapes whose compositions, structures, and patterns were conditioned on the aut‐ and synecologies of over‐ and understory plant species in forest ecosystems. Management plans that address all stages of a species' life history, the physical and biological factors limiting its populations, the habitats of other members of its ecological community, and the spatial and temporal dynamics of forests it occupies should be robust to failure (Reynolds et al. , ). The recommendations have been implemented in National Forests in the southwestern United States since 1996 (USDA Forest Service ), but their efficacy at conserving goshawk reproduction and survival has yet to be demonstrated. Recently, Beier et al. () conducted a test of the recommendations and concluded that reproduction of goshawks declined as forest structures in their breeding areas became increasingly similar to those described in the recommendations. Here we show that methods they used to determine similarity to the structural conditions described in the recommendations resulted in inappropriate measures of similarity. We also show that their monitoring of goshawk reproduction on the 13 breeding areas used in their study was insufficient, and show how their insufficient monitoring introduced a systematic bias that reduced the precision of their test even if they had correctly measured similarity. We end by suggesting approaches for determining structural similarity to the goshawk recommendations in ponderosa pine and how to achieve adequate sampling for reproduction on breeding areas. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Identity and perceived peer relationship quality in emerging adulthood: The mediating role of attachment‐related emotions
Authors: Doumen Sarah , Smits Ilse , Luyckx Koen , Duriez Bart , Vanhalst Janne , Verschueren Karine , Goossens Luc 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTIdentity formation and the perceived quality of one’s peer relationships are theorized to be intimately linked in emerging adulthood. The present study examined the associations between identity styles (i.e., information‐oriented, normative, and diffuse‐avoidant styles) and the quality of relationships with peers (as indexed by friendship quality and loneliness) in a sample of 343 college students from Belgium. High scores for the information‐oriented style were positively related to friendship quality, whereas high scores for the diffuse‐avoidant identity style were positively related to loneliness. These direct associations were mediated, at least in part, by attachment‐related emotions (i.e., avoidance and anxiety). These associations, both direct and indirect, provide the first evidence linking identity styles and the quality of peer relationships. Suggestions for future research are provided, both at the methodological and the conceptual level.