bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive study on the impact of human hair fiber and millet husk ash on concrete properties: response surface modeling and optimization
Authors: Bheel Naraindas , Shams Muhammad Alamgeer , Sohu Samiullah , Buller Abdul Salam , Najeh Taoufik , Ismail Fouad Ismail , Benjeddou Omrane 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRevolutionizing construction, the concrete blend seamlessly integrates human hair (HH) fibers and millet husk ash (MHA) as a sustainable alternative. By repurposing human hair for enhanced tensile strength and utilizing millet husk ash to replace sand, these materials not only reduce waste but also create a durable, eco-friendly solution. This groundbreaking methodology not only adheres to established structural criteria but also advances the concepts of the circular economy, representing a significant advancement towards environmentally sustainable and resilient building practices. The main purpose of the research is to investigate the fresh and mechanical characteristics of concrete blended with 10–40% MHA as a sand substitute and 0.5–2% HH fibers by applying response surface methodology modeling and optimization. A comprehensive study involved preparing 225 concrete specimens using a mix ratio of 1:1.5:3 with a water-to-cement ratio of 0.52, followed by a 28 day curing period. It was found that a blend of 30% MHA and 1% HH fibers gave the best compressive and splitting tensile strengths at 28 days, which were 33.88 MPa and 3.47 MPa, respectively. Additionally, the incorporation of increased proportions of MHA and HH fibers led to reductions in both the dry density and workability of the concrete. In addition, utilizing analysis of variance (ANOVA), response prediction models were created and verified with a significance level of 95%. The models' R2 values ranged from 72 to 99%. The study validated multi-objective optimization, showing 1% HH fiber and 30% MHA in concrete enhances strength, reduces waste, and promotes environmental sustainability, making it recommended for construction.
Trends in maternal and child health in China and its urban and rural areas from 1991 to 2020: a joinpoint regression model
Authors: Wang Xin‒yue , Zhang Bei‒bei , Cao Yuan‒yi , Xue Qian , Ye Qin , Li Yuan‒sheng , Wang Shu‒yuan , Ma Yuan‒wei , Sun Yan‒que , Zhang Jun‒hui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe long-term trends in maternal and child health (MCH) in China and the national-level factors that may be associated with these changes have been poorly explored. This study aimed to assess trends in MCH indicators nationally and separately in urban and rural areas and the impact of public policies over a 30‒year period. An ecological study was conducted using data on neonatal mortality rate (NMR), infant mortality rate (IMR), under-five mortality rate (U5MR), and maternal mortality ratio (MMR) nationally and separately in urban and rural areas in China from 1991 to 2020. Joinpoint regression models were used to estimate the annual percentage changes (APC), average annual percentage changes (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and mortality differences between urban and rural areas. From 1991 to 2020, maternal and child mortalities in China gradually declined (national AAPC [95% CI]: NMRs − 7.7% [− 8.6%, − 6.8%], IMRs − 7.5% [− 8.4%, − 6.6%], U5MRs − 7.5% [− 8.5%, − 6.5%], MMRs − 5.0% [− 5.7%, − 4.4%]). However, the rate of decline nationally in child mortality slowed after 2005, and in maternal mortality after 2013. For all indicators, the decline in mortality was greater in rural areas than in urban areas. The AAPCs in rate differences between rural and urban areas were − 8.5% for NMRs, − 8.6% for IMRs, − 7.7% for U5MRs, and − 9.6% for MMRs. The AAPCs in rate ratios (rural vs. urban) were − 1.2 for NMRs, − 2.1 for IMRs, − 1.7 for U5MRs, and − 1.9 for MMRs. After 2010, urban‒rural disparity in MMR did not diminish and in NMR, IMR, and U5MR, it gradually narrowed but persisted. MCH indicators have declined at the national level as well as separately in urban and rural areas but may have reached a plateau. Urban‒rural disparities in MCH indicators have narrowed but still exist. Regular analyses of temporal trends in MCH are necessary to assess the effectiveness of measures for timely adjustments.
Tailoring focal plane component intensities of polarization singular fields in a tight focusing system
Authors: Pal Sushanta Kumar , Rusch Leslie A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe scientific community studies tight focusing of radially and azimuthally-polarized vector beams as it is a versatile solution for many applications. We offer a new method to produce tight focusing that ensures a more uniform intensity profile in multiple dimensions, providing a more versatile and stable solution. We manipulate the polarization of the radially and azimuthally polarized vector beams to find an optimal operating point. We examine in detail optical fields whose polarization states lie on the equator of the relevant Poincaré spheres namely, the fundamental Poincaré sphere, the hybrid order Poincaré sphere (HyOPS), and the higher order Poincaré sphere. We find via simulation that the fields falling on these equators have focal plane intensity distributions characterized by a single rotation parameter $$\alpha$$
α
determining the individual state of polarization. The strengths of the component field distributions vary with $$\alpha$$
α
and can be tuned to achieve equal strengths of longitudinal (z) and transverse (x and y) components at the focal plane. Without control of this parameter (e.g., using $$\alpha =0$$

α
=
0

in radially and $$\alpha =\pi$$

α
=
π

in azimuthally-polarized vector beams) intensity in x and y components are at 20% of the z component. In our solution with $$\alpha =\pi /2$$

α
=
π
/
2

, all components are at 80% of the maximum possible intensity of z. In examining the impact of $$\alpha$$
α
on a tightly focused beam, we also found that a helicity inversion of HyOPS beams causes a rotation of 180 degree in the axial intensity distribution.
Aspirin prevents colorectal cancer by regulating the abundance of Enterococcus cecorum and TIGIT+Treg cells
Authors: Yang Xiaojuan , Yan Yajuan , Wang Fengkui , Tian Jinhua , Cao Qian , Liu Miao , Ma Bin , Su Chunxia , Duan Xiangguo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough aspirin can reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), there is still uncertainty about its significance as a treatment for CRC, and the mechanism of aspirin in CRC is not well understood. In this study, we used aspirin to prevent AOM/DSS-induced CRC in mice, and the anti-CRC efficacy of aspirin was assessed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and by determining the mouse survival rate and tumour size. 16S rDNA sequencing, flow cytometry (FCM), and Western blotting were also conducted to investigate the changes in the gut microbiota, tumour immune microenvironment, and apoptotic proteins, respectively. The results demonstrated that aspirin significantly exerted anti-CRC effects in mice. According to 16S rDNA sequencing, aspirin regulated the composition of the gut microbiota and dramatically reduced the abundance of Enterococcus cecorum. FCM demonstrated that there were more CD155 tumour cells and CD4 + CD25 + Treg cells showed increased TIGIT levels. Moreover, increased TIGIT expression on Treg cells is associated with reduced Treg cell functionality. Importantly, the inhibition of Treg cells is accompanied by the promotion of CD19 + GL-7 + B cells, CD8 + T cells, CD4 + CCR4 + Th2 cells, and CD4 + CCR6 + Th17 cells. Overall, aspirin prevents colorectal cancer by regulating the abundance of Enterococcus cecorum and TIGIT + Treg cells.
Experimental, RSM modelling, and DFT simulation of CO2 adsorption on Modified activated carbon with LiOH
Authors: Ahmadi Marziyeh , Bahmanzadegan Fatemeh , Qasemnazhand Mohammad , Ghaemi Ahad , Ramezanipour Penchah Hamid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research investigates the enhancement of CO2 adsorption capacity through the use of modified activated carbon (AC) with LiOH, focusing on operational conditions and adsorbent properties. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is employed to optimize process parameters for maximizing CO2 adsorption capacity. The study considers temperature, pressure, LiOH concentration for modification, and adsorbent weight as independent variables across five levels. Analysis of Variance reveals that LiOH concentration, adsorbent quantity, pressure, and temperature significantly influence CO2 adsorption. Optimal values for temperature (30°C), pressure (9 bar), LiOH concentration (0.5 mol/L), and adsorbent weight (0.5 g) result in a maximal CO2 adsorption capacity of 154.90 mg/g. Equilibrium adsorption capacity is utilized for modeling, with the Freundlich model proving suitable for CO2 adsorption on LiOH-AC. Kinetic modeling indicates the second-order model's suitability for temperatures of 30 °C and 50 °C, while the Elovich model fits temperatures of 70 °C and 90 °C. Thermodynamic modeling at the optimized conditions (303 K and 6 bar) yields ∆H, ∆S, and ∆G values of adsorption as 12.258 kJ/mol, − 0.017 kJ/mol·K, and − 7.031 kJ/mol, respectively. Furthermore, structural considerations of AC are discussed alongside modeling and simulation, presenting the adsorption rate of CO2 and the binding energy index based on Density Functional Theory (DFT).
A portable gas sensor based on In2O3@CuO P–N heterojunction connected via Wi-Fi to a smartphone for real-time carbon monoxide determination
Authors: Khalili Sina , Majidi Mohsen , Bahrami Morteza , Roshanaei Majid , Madrakian Tayyebeh , Afkhami Abbas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This research presents a compact portable electronic gas sensor that can be monitored through a smartphone application. The smart sensor utilizes three state-of-the-art sensors. The sensors integrate an ESP8266 microcontroller within the same device. This facilitates their integration with the electronics and enhances their performance. Herein, primarily focuses on utilizing the sensor to detect carbon monoxide. This article outlines the fabrication process of a gas sensor utilizing a P–N heterojunction, eliminating the need for a binder. The sensor consists of CuO/copper foam nanowires and hierarchical In2O3. In order to verify the system’s functionality, it underwent testing with various levels of CO concentrations (10–900 ppm), including particular tests designed to examine the device’s performance in different humidity and temperature circumstances. A mobile application for the provision of monitoring services has been developed at last. To process the information obtained from the gas sensor, an algorithm has been constructed, trained, and integrated into a smartphone for this purpose. This research demonstrated that a smartphone-coupled gas sensor is a viable system for real-time monitoring and the detection of CO gas.
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy reveals biomarkers of stroke recovery in a mouse model of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes
Authors: Vieira João P.P. , Karampatsi Dimitra , Vercalsteren Ellen , Darsalia Vladimer , Patrone Cesare , Duarte Joao M.N. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Obesity and Type 2 diabetes (T2D) are known to exacerbate cerebral injury caused by stroke. Metabolomics can provide signatures of metabolic disease, and now we explored whether the analysis of plasma metabolites carries biomarkers of how obesity and T2D impact post-stroke recovery. Male mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 months leading to development of obesity with T2D or a standard diet (non-diabetic mice). Then, mice were subjected to either transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) or sham surgery and allowed to recover on standard diet for 2 months before serum samples were collected. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of serum samples was used to investigate metabolite signals and metabolic pathways that were associated with tMCAO recovery in either T2D or non-diabetic mice. Overall, after post-stroke recovery there were different serum metabolite profiles in T2D and non-diabetic mice. In non-diabetic mice, which show full neurological recovery after stroke, we observed a reduction of isovalerate, and an increase of kynurenate, uridine monophosphate, gluconate and N6-acetyllysine in tMCAO relative to sham mice. In contrast, in mice with T2D, which show impaired stroke recovery, there was a reduction of N,N-dimethylglycine, succinate and proline, and an increase of 2-oxocaproate in serum of tMCAO versus sham mice. Given the inability of T2D mice to recover from stroke, in contrast with non-diabetic mice, we propose that these specific metabolite changes following tMCAO might be used as biomarkers of neurophysiological recovery after stroke in T2D.
Phosphorylation of mammalian cytosolic and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase: insights into regulation
Authors: Provost Joseph J. , Cornely Kathleen A , Mertz Pamela S. , Peterson Celeste N. , Riley Sophie G. , Tarbox Harrison J. , Narasimhan Shree R. , Pulido Andrew J , Springer Amy L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is a key enzyme in mammalian metabolic pathways in cytosolic and mitochondrial compartments. Regulation of MDH through phosphorylation remains an underexplored area. In this review we consolidate evidence supporting the potential role of phosphorylation in modulating the function of mammalian MDH. Parallels are drawn with the phosphorylation of lactate dehydrogenase, a homologous enzyme, to reveal its regulatory significance and to suggest a similar regulatory strategy for MDH. Comprehensive mining of phosphorylation databases, provides substantial experimental (primarily mass spectrometry) evidence of MDH phosphorylation in mammalian cells. Experimentally identified phosphorylation sites are overlaid with MDH’s functional domains, offering perspective on how these modifications could influence enzyme activity. Preliminary results are presented from phosphomimetic mutations (serine/threonine residues changed to aspartate) generated in recombinant MDH proteins serving as a proof of concept for the regulatory impact of phosphorylation. We also examine and highlight several approaches to probe the structural and cellular impact of phosphorylation. This review highlights the need to explore the dynamic nature of MDH phosphorylation and calls for identifying the responsible kinases and the physiological conditions underpinning this modification. The synthesis of current evidence and experimental data aims to provide insights for future research on understanding MDH regulation, offering new avenues for therapeutic interventions in metabolic disorders and cancer.
A Power availablE Estimation Tool for real‐time estimation in aircraft generators
Authors: Ordóñez Raúl , Hencey Brandon M. , Parry Adam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA systematic definition of an aircraft generator's “available power” (used to supply loads on its DC bus) is given, which is defined in the context of constraints on transient and steady‐state performance. Using a geometric, data‐driven approach, such a characterisation has been achieved, and a new method, called Power availablE Estimation Tool (PEET), has been developed to determine in real‐time whether a given load can be fulfilled at a given time while maintaining power quality. This is an important problem, especially for safety critical electrical systems such as more electric aircraft, for which it is imperative to know a priori whether an added load will result in voltage variations outside of allowed values. PEET is introduced and its conceptual framework is formalised. Lastly, it provides simulation results that illustrate its performance. The results show that the PEET method produces reliable a priori estimates of power availability, and that this can be achieved within time frames that make it applicable in a real‐time implementation.
Erkenntnisse aus europäischen Paramedic-Systemen zum prähospitalen Einsatz von Notärzten
Authors: Gretenkort Peter , Harding Ulf , Wirtz Sebastian , Sefrin Peter , Jakob Thomas , Reifferscheid Florian 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungIn den Paramedic-Systemen des Vereinigten Königreichs, der Niederlande und Skandinaviens gibt es häufig die Möglichkeit, Prozesse und Ergebnisse der Notfallversorgung ohne und mit notärztlicher Unterstützung in einer Region miteinander zu vergleichen. Vorteile einer notärztlichen Präsenz am Einsatzort werden dort bei der Durchführung hochinvasiver Maßnahmen (z. B. Einleitung einer Notfallnarkose) oder bei der Behandlung hochkomplexer Fallsituationen (z. B. bei Polytrauma) erkannt, ebenso bei Entscheidungen am Lebensende unter Wertung ethischer Aspekte. In Regionen, wo aus strukturellen Gründen ein notarztgestütztes Team nicht immer kurzfristig an den Einsatzort gelangen kann, kommen die Autoren vergleichender Studien vielfach zur Empfehlung einer Standortverdichtung und Ausweitung der Notarzt-Disposition.
Long-Term Results of Isolated Latissimus Dorsi to Rotator Cuff Transfer in Brachial Plexus Birth Injury
Authors: Kirby David J. , Buchalter Daniel B. , Santiesteban Lauren , Garcia Mekka R. , Berger Aaron , Hacquebord Jacques , Grossman John A.I. , Price Andrew E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Brachial plexus birth injury results in deficits in strength and motion, occasionally requiring surgery to restore power to the deficient external rotators of the shoulder in these patients. This is a retrospective analysis of the long-term results of an isolated latissimus dorsi transfer to the rotator cuff in patients with brachial plexus birth injury.
Methods This is a retrospective review of prospectively collected data for patients undergoing isolated latissimus dorsi transfer into the infraspinatus in addition to release of the internal rotation contracture of the shoulder with greater than 5 years' follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative shoulder elevation and external rotation were documented. Failure of surgery was defined as a return of the internal rotation contracture and a clinically apparent clarion sign.
Results A total of 22 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria: 9 global palsies and 13 upper trunk palsies. The average follow-up was 11 years, ranging from 7.5 to 15.9 years. There was a trend for improved external rotation in the global palsy cohort at final follow-up (p = 0.084). All nine global palsies maintained adequate external rotation without a clarion sign. Five of the 13 upper trunk palsies failed the latissimus dorsi transfer and subsequently required either teres major transfer and/or rotational osteotomy. In these five failures, the period from initial transfer to failure averaged 6.6 years, ranging from 3.4 to 9.5 years.
Conclusion The results of this study indicate that patients with global palsy have sustained long-term improved outcomes with isolated latissimus dorsi transfer while patients with upper trunk palsy have a high rate of failure. Based on these results, we recommend isolated latissimus dorsi transfer for global palsy patients who have isolated infraspinatus weakness.
Level of Evidence: Case series – Level IV.
Versatility and Outcomes of ‘Mumbai Technique’ of Stacked Cartilage Grafts in Indian Rhinoplasty
Authors: Bhat Uday B. , Pawar Mangesh K. , Katyal Ishita , Peswani Amit , Basu Sabyasachi , Waghmare Sahil Abhay , Dhakad Abhishek Uday , Dalmia Udit 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background Augmentation rhinoplasty requires graft with substantial volume. In cases where patient is reluctant to use costal cartilage, this can be done using septum and conchal cartilage graft. Using the technique of “stacked cartilage graft” an assembly is made using septum and conchal cartilage for nasal augmentation and contour defects. Although multilayered grafts have been described before, we propose an elaborate and effective method named after our city, Mumbai, to shape these grafts and highlight economical use of conchal and septal cartilage to overcome its limited volume. It also describes its clinical and aesthetic outcome of this technique in Indian patients.
Materials and Methods A retrospective study from 2005 to 2020 was done in our institute. Data was collected from medical and hospital records. Preoperative and postoperative photographs were obtained for preoperative planning and outcome analysis. Rhinoplasty Outcome Evaluation score was used for outcome analysis. Minimum follow-up was 1 year in our study.
Results A total of 210 patients were included in our study. In all cases, the stacked cartilage graft technique produced a natural appearing dorsum. Complications of cartilage such as resorption, extrusion, and warping were minimum. All the patients were satisfied with their results.
Conclusion Although the limited volume of conchal cartilage is criticized, in reality it can be used effectively for larger requirement with “economy of use” using our technique. The curvatures and convolutions of conchal cartilage can be effectively neutralized by using this technique to obtain a smooth surface.However, this technique requires incorporation of every bit of cartilage and meticulous stacking of the pieces to get the desired shape. Thus, the stacked cartilage grafts have excellent versatility and produce natural and long-lasting results and minimal complications.
Spinal Neuronavigation for Lumbar Plate Fixation in Miniature Breed Dogs
Authors: Papacella-Beugger Angela , Forterre Franck , Samer Eva , Guevar Julien , Müller Andrea , Planchamp Bastien , Progin Alexia , Schweizer Daniela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective The main aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of spinal neuronavigation for plate fixation of lumbar vertebrae in miniature breed dogs using a surgical navigation system in combination with a custom-made reference array.
Study Design This was an experimental cadaveric study in five miniature breed dogs.
Methods A 4-hole locking plate with four 2.0-mm locking screws was placed on two adjacent lumbar vertebrae using a neuronavigation system consisting of a mobile cone beam computed tomography linked to a navigation system. The procedure was performed by a novice surgeon. The plate and screw positions were assessed for surgical safety using predefined criteria. Surgical accuracy was determined by the deviation of entry and exit points between pre- and postoperative images.
Results A total of five plates and 20 screws were placed. In 85% (17/20), screws were placed appropriately. The median entry point deviation was 1.8 mm (range: 0.3–3.7) and the median exit point deviation was 1.6 mm (range: 0.6–5).
Conclusion Achievement of surgical accuracy in the placement of screws for fixation of lumbar vertebral plates in small breed dogs using neuronavigation with a custom-made reference array by a novice surgeon resulted in surgical safe plate placement in four of the five cadavers. Therefore, we judge the method as promising, however, further studies are necessary to allow the transfer of image-guided navigation for lumbar plate fixation into the clinic.
Piecewise nonlinear materials and Monotonicity Principle
Authors: Corbo Esposito Antonio , Faella Luisa , Mottola Vincenzo , Piscitelli Gianpaolo , Prakash Ravi , Tamburrino Antonello 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper deals with the Monotonicity Principle (MP) for nonlinear materials with piecewise growth exponent. The results obtained are relevant because they enable the use of a fast imaging method based on MP, applied to a wide class of problems with two or more materials, at least one of which is nonlinear. The treatment is very general and makes it possible to model a wide range of practical configurations such as superconducting (SC), perfect electrical conducting (PEC) or perfect electrical insulating (PEI) materials. A key role is played by the average Dirichlet-to-Neumann operator, introduced in Corbo Esposito et al (2021 Inverse Problems
37 045012), where the MP for a single type of nonlinearity was treated. Realistic numerical examples confirm the theoretical findings.