bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Waterpipe Tobaccos, Part I. Composition of Forty Brand-Styles of Contemporary Waterpipe Tobacco Available on the US Market in 2020–2022
Authors: Lauterbach John H. 
Published: June 2024

Summary
The compositions of waterpipe tobaccos available for retail sale on the US market are relatively unknown compared with more popular products such as cigarettes. Indeed, the phrase “waterpipe tobaccos” is used only in some governmental regulations and in journal articles dealing with regulatory aspects of those products. Commercially, the terms “shisha”, “hookah tobaccos”, and “flavored tobaccos” are used. In addition to the differences in commercial terminology, there is also confusion about the composition of such tobaccos, with the term “waterpipe tobacco” also being applied to products on the market that do not contain enough glycerol to prevent combustion during use. Therefore, during the past several years, 40 samples of shisha products on the US market were sent to an ISO 17025 accredited laboratory for the determination of glycerol, propylene glycol, fructose, glucose, and sucrose, in addition to the usual tobacco analytes and water using the Karl Fischer method. Moreover, two surrogate samples of shisha tobacco, one based on flue-cured tobacco and the other based on dark air-cured tobacco, were analyzed by the same laboratory along with samples of the starting tobaccos. The main finding from these analyses was that there were two very different types of shisha tobaccos on the market. One type was based on dark air-cured tobacco and the other type was based on flue-cured tobacco. Among the brand-styles based on flue-cured tobacco, some had higher levels of glycerol and lower levels of added sugars than others that had higher added sugars and lower levels of glycerol. Another important point of differentiation was that the products based on dark air-cured tobacco had much smaller tobacco particle sizes than did those based on flue-cured tobacco. The results of this research as well as other research that will be presented in two subsequent reports showed that waterpipe tobaccos cannot be considered as a single product category. This is particularly true for the determination of emissions using the instrumentation specified in ISO 22486:2019 (Water pipe tobacco smoking machine — Definitions and standard conditions).
Impact of payload shielding on Enterobacter cloacae viability and proteomic profile: Insights from a stratospheric weather balloon flight experiment
Authors: Ocampo Jonna , Barker Hailey , Rice Kelly C. , Ferraro Mariola J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Enterobacter cloacae, a gram-negative bacterium commonly found in the human gut microbiota, poses potential health risks to astronauts in the unique environment of space flight. This study investigated the effects of payload shielding on E. cloacae in a short-duration, student-initiated, weather balloon flight experiment. Faraday fabric-based payload shielding did not impact the viability of the balloon flight samples. However, murine macrophage infection assays showed that shielded balloon flight E. cloacae had significantly improved intracellular survival compared to unshielded E. cloacae. Proteomic analysis demonstrated distinct profiles in shielded and unshielded samples, with a differential abundance of proteins involved in diverse biological processes. Specifically, decreased abundance of proteins involved in chemotaxis, DNA repair, replication, transcription, peptidoglycan synthesis, and proteolysis were observed in the Faraday fabric-based payload-shielded samples. In contrast, proteins associated with protein translation, transport, tricarboxylic acid cycle, fatty acid biosynthesis, and amino acid metabolism were increased in shielded conditions. This experiment provides a framework for which future long-duration balloon flight experiments can be designed, and the findings provide initial insights into the impact of payload shielding on E. cloacae physiology. Understanding the impact of the stratosphere on human gut microbiota is important for preserving human health during future space flight missions.
Introduction to Strongyloides stercoralis Anatomy
Authors: Castelletto Michelle L. , Akimori Damia , Patel Ruhi , Schroeder Nathan E. , Hallem Elissa A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Strongyloides stercoralis, commonly known as the human threadworm, is a skin-penetrating gastrointestinal parasitic nematode that infects hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Like other Strongyloides species, S. stercoralis is capable of cycling through a single free-living generation. Although S. stercoralis and the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans are evolutionarily distant, the free-living adults of S. stercoralis are similar enough in size and morphology to C. elegans adults that techniques for generating transgenics and knockouts in C. elegans have been successfully adapted for use in S. stercoralis. High-quality genomic and transcriptomic data are also available for S. stercoralis. Thus, one can use a burgeoning array of functional genomic tools in S. stercoralis to probe questions about parasitic nematode development, physiology, and behavior. Knowledge gained from S. stercoralis will inform studies of other parasitic nematodes such as hookworms that are not yet amenable to genetic manipulation. This review describes the basic anatomy of S. stercoralis.
PENGARUH PRODUK DOMESTIK REGIONAL BRUTO, INVESTASI, DAN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA TERHADAP DISPARITAS PENDAPATAN PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Firmansyah Sandy Ryan , Muchtolifah Muchtolifah 
Published: June 2024

Salah satu tolak ukur keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi adalah pertumbuhan ekonomi. Keberhasilan pembangunan ekonomi ini diukur dari tercapainya pertumbuhan ekonomi yang disertai dengan berkurangnya disparitas pendapatan atau ketimpangan pendapatan. Ketimpangan pendapatan menjadi persoalan ekonomi paling mendasar yang selalu menjadi pusat perhatian karena sulit terpecahkan hampir di setiap negara sedang berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang tingkat ketimpangan distribusi pendapatannya cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan data BPS, diketahui bahwa Provinsi dengan Gini Ratio tertinggi adalah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Ketimpangan pendapatan pada Wilayah kabupaten/kota D.I Yogyakarta disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan dan keterbatasan yang dimiliki masing-masing daerah berbeda-beda serta pembangunan yang cenderung terpusat pada daerah yang sudah maju. Berdasarkan latar belakang yang telah dijabarkan tujuan peneliti lebih fokus pada pengaruh PDRB, Investasi, dan Indeks Pembangunan Manusia terhadap disparitas pendapatan yang ada di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan model analisis regresi linier berganda. Analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan perhitungan statistik dengan bantuan software SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil penggujian didapatkan bahwa PDRB berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap disparitas pendapatan. Investasi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap disparitas pendapatan. Indeks Pembangunan Manusia berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap disparitas pendapatan
PERUBAHAN LANSKAP KREATIF DAN DIALOG ETIKA DALAM FOTOGRAFI: PENGARUH KECERDASAN BUATAN
Authors: Ronald Regina Octavia , Karyono Tri 
Published: June 2024

Kemajuan teknologi dari digital sampai kecerdasan buatan memberikan dampak perubahan pada kultur penciptaan visual fotografi. Mesin generator gambar yang menghasilkan imaji yang realis dikenal sebagai promptografi disandingkan sebagai penciptaan fotografi. Metodologi penelitian dilakukan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, pengumpulan data melalui observasi secara digital dan lapangan, dilengkapi dengan data dari diskusi grup terpumpun (FGD) dari para fotografer di Kota Bandung (n=8). Artikel ini berfokus pada analisis persepsi dan pengalaman dalam menyikapi fenomena kecerdasan buatan dalam penciptaan visual, serta bagaimana toleransi para fotografer dalam penyandingan karya visual hasil generator gambar dengan karya yang dihasilkan secara fotografis. Hasil analisis ini mengungkap perubahan dalam pendekatan kreatif fotografer seiring dengan imersi kecerdasan buatan dan memberikan kontribusi terhadap proses kreatif fotografi dengan memanfaatkan kecerdasan buatan. Simpulan artikel adalah teknologi kecerdasan buatan telah membentuk lanskap kreatif dalam fotografi dan seni visual, membuka peluang dan dialog etika yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh seorang pengkarya fotografi. Creative Landscape Changes and Ethical Dialogue in Photography: The Influence of Artificial Intelligence. The advancement of technology, from digital to artificial intelligence, has impacted the cultural landscape of visual photography creation. Image-generating machines producing realistic imagery, known as promptography, are juxtaposed with traditional photography. The research methodology employed a qualitative approach, gathering data through digital and field observations, supplemented by focus group discussions (FGD) involving photographers in Bandung City (n=8). This article focuses on analyzing perceptions and experiences regarding the phenomenon of artificial intelligence in visual creation, as well as photographers' tolerance towards juxtaposing images generated by machines with traditionally produced photographic works. The analysis reveals changes in photographers' creative approaches with the immersion of artificial intelligence, contributing to the creative process of photography. The conclusion highlights that artificial intelligence technology has shaped the creative landscape in photography and visual arts, opening opportunities and ethical dialogues that photographers need to consider.
Exploring Cultural Adaptation and Symbolism in English Versions of “The Peony Pavilion”
Authors: Yan Tianjie 
Published: June 2024

Background: "The Peony Pavilion" by Tang Xianzu is a classical Chinese play renowned for its profound cultural and literary significance. Over the centuries, it has been translated into English numerous times, each rendition reflecting the translator's interpretation and cultural context.

Materials and Methods: This reflective study examines a selection of English translations of "The Peony Pavilion" spanning different time periods and translators. Utilizing textual analysis and comparative study, we assess linguistic fidelity, cultural nuances, and the translators' approaches to bridging the gap between the source and target languages.

Results: Our analysis reveals varying degrees of linguistic and cultural fidelity across translations. Quantitative metrics indicate a spectrum of fidelity, with scores ranging from 1 to 10, reflecting the extent to which translations capture the essence of the original text. Cultural nuances are often lost or altered, reflecting the influence of the translator's cultural background and the target audience's expectations.

Conclusion: English translations of "The Peony Pavilion" present a dynamic interplay between linguistic accuracy and cultural interpretation. While some translations excel in preserving the original text's nuances, others diverge significantly, reflecting the translator's creative license and cultural context. This study underscores the importance of considering both linguistic and cultural fidelity in translating classical works, enriching cross-cultural understanding and appreciation.
Speaking Interculturally in the Era of Global Englishes: Voices from Indonesian English Language Teacher Educators
Authors: Rahmawaty Anisa , Kartini Lenny , Agustin Silvi Noviani , Mahaputri Ratna Andhika , Rahman O. Suzana 
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the Indonesian English language teacher educators’ understanding, preferences, and challenges in preparing future English teachers to be able to speak interculturally in the Global Englishes era.

Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework of this study emphasizes how crucial it is to comprehend both the conceptualizing intercultural speakers and the global English era to analyze intercultural speakers' competency in the global English context.

Method: The study examined the issue among English language teacher educators working in a teacher education study program of a private university in West Java, Indonesia. Using open- and closed-ended questions distributed to the participants via Google Forms.

Results and Discussion: The results obtained reveal that preparing future English teachers to be intercultural speakers who can teach both language and culture is urgent. Integrating cultural aspects and developing intercultural communicative competence is a must. However, teacher educators believe they are not yet ready to be globally competent and become intercultural speakers.

Research Implications: This study contributes to the teacher education program by providing valuable information about effective language learning strategies, especially in teaching speaking and intercultural communication.
Exploring The Impact of Computational Thinking on Teacher Education: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rivadeneira Deixy Ximena Ramos , Toledo Javier Alejandro Jiménez 
Published: June 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the role of computational thinking in teacher training, in order to identify the main practices and trends in this field and examine their implications for technological education.

Theoretical Framework: This study presents a review of the key concepts related to computational thinking in the educational field. Existing definitions and approaches are highlighted, as well as models and theories that support the integration of computational thinking in teacher training.

Method: The methodology adopted included an exhaustive search in five academic databases to identify relevant studies published in the last five years. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to select the relevant articles, and a systematic analysis was carried out to synthesize the findings.

Results and Discussion: The results revealed a variety of experiences and practices related to computational thinking in teacher training. In the discussion section, these results were contextualized in the light of the theoretical framework, highlighting the implications for educational practice and identifying areas of future research.

Implications of the research: The practical and theoretical implications of this study are discussed, providing information on how the results can influence the teaching and learning of computational thinking in the context of teacher training. These implications could include the design of professional development programs and the development of technology-focused educational curricula.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing an updated view of the state of computational thinking in teacher training. Its relevance and value are evidenced in its ability to inform the design of effective educational interventions in the field of technological education.
The Role of The Banking Sector in Angola's Economic Growth
Authors: Martinho Analtina , Teixeira Nuno , Galvão Rosa , Varela Miguel , Dias Rui 
Published: June 2024

Objective: The main objective of this research project is to analyse the role of the banking sector in Angola's economic growth over 25 years, i.e. from 1995 to 2019. In this sense, the aim was to verify whether the banking sector, in the period 1995-2019, contributed significantly to the growth of the country's economy and whether the evolution of the oil sector conditions the development of the banking sector.

Theoretical Framework: Given its importance, various research studies have investigated the association between economic growth and the banking sector. This study, therefore, contributes to the empirical evidence of this relationship.

Method: Various statistical techniques were used, namely determining the measures of asymmetry and kurtosis, as well as the Jarque and Bera adherence test, in order to verify the normality of the distributions of the variables used, drawing up the VAR model, identifying the number of periods (LACs) to be analysed in the Granger test and making the identification of causalities more robust, and carrying out the Granger test itself, in order to identify causal relationships between the variables studied.

Results and Discussion: A very strong but negative correlation was found between GDP and the banking sector, as well as between the oil sector and the banking sector. These results show that during periods of higher economic growth (closely associated with periods of higher growth in the oil sector), there is an increase in the outflow of money from the financial system, namely through imports, decapitalising the banking sector.

Conclusion: The diversification of the economy into other sectors of activity is, therefore, a priority for economic growth and the sustainability of the Angolan financial sector.
PRELAZNI REŽIMI PRILIKOM ENERGIZACIJE, KRATKIH SPOJEVA I OPTEREĆIVANJA TRONAMOTAJNIH TRANSFORMATORA SA PODELJENIM NAMOTAJIMA
Authors: Milanković Filip , Cvetićanin Stevan 
Published: June 2024

Date su teorijske osnove tronamotajnih transformatora sa podeljenim namotajima, a navedeni su i odgovarajući primeri iz literature i prakse. Razmatrana su tri tipa prelaznih režima sa povećanim stujama – uključenje, udarni kratak spoj i opterećenje. Kod uključenja je izvršena analiza uključenja pojedinačnog transformatora i transformatora u paralelnom radu uz primenu specijalizovanog softverskog alata PSCAD. Proračuni reaktanse i sila kratkih spojeva izvršeni primenom metoda konačnih elemenata. Kod analize i propračuna opterećenja korišćen je standard IEC 60076-7 [7]. Za sve prelazne režime razvijeni su odgovarajući dopunski paketi u MS EXCEL-u koji uključuju VBA kod.
ПРЕДИКЦИЈА ДУЖИНЕ БОРАВКА ПАСА И МАЧАКА У ПРИХВАТИЛИШТУ ЗА ЖИВОТИЊЕ
Authors: Граховац Ана 
Published: June 2024

У овом раду описан је поступак анализе и обраде података о усвојеним псима и мачкама из прихватилишта за животиње. Упоређивани су различити модели машинског ушења на проблему класификације животиња по предвиђеној дужини боравка у прихватилишту.
PRORAČUN ČELIČNOG SANDUČASTOG MOSTA RASPONA 70+100+70M I UPOREDNA ANALIZA VERTIKALNOG SAOBRAĆAJNOG OPTEREĆENjA
Authors: Nikolić Milan 
Published: June 2024

U okviru ovog rada izvršen je statički i dinamički proračun mosta raspona 70+100+70m, kao i dimenzionisanje elemenata. Most je čelični, kvaliteta S355 i sastoji se od elemenata, kolovozne grede sandučastog poprečnog preseka, a dva srednja oslonca su čelične rešetke sastavljene od I-profila i CHS-profila. Proračun je izvršen u softveru AxisVM X6 u kome su usvojeni su linijski elementi. Provera nosivosti preseka je vršena „ručnim“ putem, uključujući i proveru stabilnosti ploča sandučastog preseka. Ta provera je upoređena sa „softverskim“ proračunom. Takođe je izvršena provera nosivosti i krutosti veza i upoređena sa „softverom“ IDEA StatiCA. Prikazani su i radinočki crteži i sklopovi odrađeni u softveru Advance Steel.
Implementasi Deep Feed-Forward Neural Network pada Perancangan Chatbot Berbasis Web Di UPPIK RSUD M. YUNUS
Authors: Faurina Ruvita , Gazali M Jumli , Herani Icha Dwi Aprilia 
Published: June 2024

UPPIK (Unit Pengaduan Pelanggan Informasi dan Konseling) pada RSUD M. Yunus memiliki peran penting dalam melayani pengunjung yang datang. Akan tetapi, tidak jarang dari pengunjung mengeluh dengan pelayanan dari UPPIK karena terbatasnya jam operasional kerja menyebabkan tidak ditemukannya staf/petugas yang berjaga sehingga membuat para pengunjung kebingungan dalam mencari informasi terkait RSUD M. Yunus. Selain itu, pandemi Covid-19 yang belum mereda mengharuskan masyarakat untuk menjaga jarak dan mengurangi interaksi antar individu. Sebagai tindaklanjut dari permasalahan ini dikembangkanlah sebuah automatic chatbot yang dapat melayani pengunjung seolah-olah berbicara langsung dengan staf/petugas tanpa adanya batasan waktu. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma Deep Feed-Forward Neural Network sebagai intent classifier untuk mengklasifikasi maksud dari pertanyaan yang diajukan oleh user. Deep Feed-Forward Neural Network adalah salah satu jenis Neural Network yang koneksi antar node tidak membentuk looping. Dataset yang digunakan adalah kumpulan data pasangan antara pertanyaan dan jawaban yang dikumpulkan melalui observasi langsung ke UPPIK RSUD M. Yunus dengan jumlah sebanyak 1464 pasangan data. Pengujian dilakukan memakai parameter pembagian dataset, jumlah epoch, dan batch size yang digunakan. Akurasi terbaik didapatkan dengan membagi dataset menjadi 80% data training sebanyak 1057 data, 10% data testing sebanyak 147 data, dan 10% validation sebanyak 132 data menggunakan epoch 300 dan mendapatkan hasil performa akurasi sebesar 91.98%. Sedangkan hasil evaluasi precision sebesar 0.99, recall sebesar 0.98 dan f1-score sebesar 0.99.
Analisis Parameter Kualitas Air Untuk Habitat Rumput Laut Caulerpa racemosa Di Pantai Joko Mursodo, Lohgung, Lamongan.
Authors: Safitri Elok , Rachmadiarti Fida 
Published: June 2024

Pertumbuhan Caulerpa racemosa hampir merata di perairan Indonesia, salah satunya ditemukan di pantai Joko Mursodo yang memiliki subtrat pantai berpasir sehingga sesuai dengan habitat Caulerpa racemosa. Salah satu hal penting yang harus diperhatikan dalam budidaya Caulerpa racemosa adalah kualitas air, karena kualitas air yang berperan penting dalam keberhasilan pertumbuhan rumput laut. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut maka perlu dilakukan kajian kualitas air pada pantai Joko Mursodo Lohgung, Lamongan untuk mengetahui apakah kualitas air sesuai dengan persyaratan hidup yang baik untuk budidaya rumput laut. Metode penelitian ini adalah observasi dengan analisis komponen utama (PCA) untuk parameter fisika-kimia perairan. Kualitas perairan yang diukur meliputi nilai suhu, pH, salinitas, oksigen terlarut, TTS, serta kadar logam berat pb pada Caulerpa racemosa. Sampel tersebut diambil dari tiga stasiun dengan tiga kali pengulangan pada setiap stasiun dan diukur secara lansung di lapangan maupun di laboratorium. Pengukuran kualitas air dianalisis berdasarkan baku mutu KMLH No.51 Thn 2004. Kualitas perairan pantai Joko Mursodo, Lamongan memiliki beberapa parameter yang melebihi baku mutu yaitu TSS dan suhu, namun masih dapat ditoleran oleh rumput laut. Sedangkan hasil PCA menunjukkan titik antar parameter tidak terlalu jauh yang berarti antar parameter saling berkaitan.
Pemanfaatan Eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) dan Kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes ) sebagai Agen Fitoremediasi Pencemaran Air oleh Logam Berat Zink (Zn)
Authors: Savira Warda , Fitrihidajati Herlina 
Published: June 2024

Limbah logam berat zink (Zn) dihasilkan dari pembuangan limbah industri dan limbah rumah tangga sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi pencemaran limbah tersebut. Fitoremediasi merupakan salah satu solusi untuk menurunkan kadar sink di perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh jenis tumbuhan terhadap penurunan kadar zink pada media. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan dua faktor perlakuan,yaitu jenis tumbuhan Eichornia crassipes dan Pistia stratiotes dan konsentrasi zink 2 ppm dan 4 ppm. Parameter yang diuji meliputi kadar zink, suhu, pH, dan intensitas cahaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi paling efektif menurunkan kadar Zn pada air. Persentase penurunan kadar logam berat zink (Zn) tertinggi didapatkan pada perlakuan kombinasi dengan konsentrasi 4 ppm (99,2 %), sedangkan terendah pada perlakuan tunggal Eichornia crassipes dengan konsentrasi 4 ppm (92,5 %). Konsentrasi logam berat zink (Zn) tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tumbuhan. Pertumbuhan terbaik terdapat pada jenis tumbuhan kombinasi pada konsentrasi 2 ppm, yang meliputi aspek biomassa, tinggi tumbuhan, panjang akar dan panjang daun. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi lebih efektif untuk menurunkan kadar Zn di media.