bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extraction of Asymptomatic Tooth With And Without Antibiotic Therapy
Authors: Agrawal Manish , Rahman Quazi Billur , Akhter Mahmuda 
Published: June 2012

Background: Extraction of asymptomatic tooth constitutes a large proportion of maxillofacial surgery procedure and antibiotics are indiscriminately prescribed before and after tooth extraction in Bangladesh. Objectives: This cross sectional study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of postoperative antibiotic therapy in reducing postoperative morbidity in two groups following extraction of asymptomatic tooth. Methods: A total of 112 patients, 54 Female and 58 Male, aged 16 to 35 years comprised the study materials. Diagnosis was made by accurate history, clinical examination and radiographs. Clinical examination was done to assess the presence or absence of local infection, pain, swelling and mucosal coverage whereas Orthopantomogram (OPG) and Intraoral Periapical (IOPA) radiographs were taken to assess the angulations, position and bony coverage. Tooth extraction was performed with buccal guttering technique after adequate elevation and reflection of full thickness mucoperiosteal flap. The Control Group was given Cap. Amoxicillin 500mg, orally daily for 5 days postoperatively. The Study Group was not given antibiotics. Pain, swelling and trismus were evaluated preoperatively and on 2nd, 7th and 14th postoperative day. Data was processed and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 for windows and was compiled and test of significance was done using Chi square (x²) test and unpairedt test. Results: Statistical analysis of the data indicated that pain and swelling was significantly reduced and significant maximum mouth opening was achieved, when preoperative and postoperative results were compared, in both the groups P > 0.05, statistically not significant. Conclusion: There were no significant differences among the groups in the incidence of postoperative morbidity (pain, swelling and trismus).DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.10996 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):24-28
Silent Myocardial Ischemia (SMI) and its Association with Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM)
Authors: Zabeen Shahana , Hoque Md. Mozammel , Rahman Md. Rezwanur 
Published: June 2012

Background: As silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) is more common in diabetic population leading to the development of future coronary artery disease (CAD), so its early diagnosis is important. SMI can be diagnosed by conventional cardiac stress testing. Presence of SMI can also be suspected by microalbuminuria (MAU) because recently it is claimed that MAU is one of the important predictor for cardiovascular disease. Objective: The study was designed to explore the association between SMI & MAU in type 2 DM. Methods: It was a cross sectional study carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, BSMMU during the period of July 2006 to June 2008. One hundred diagnosed type 2 DM patients were selected from out patient department of BIRDEM. Enrolled study subjects were advised to do ETT and then categorized as ETT +ve & ETT-ve on the basis of ETT findings. Urinary micro albumin was measured in all study subjects. Unpaired t test, , chi square test, odds ratio were used to see the level of significance Results: Among the 100 type 2 diabetic subjects of both sexes 50 (male -24, female- 26) were ETT +ve designated as type 2 DM with silent MI and rest 50 ( male- 25 , female-25) were ETT ve designated as type 2 DM without silent MI. 21 patients (42%) out of 50 type 2 DM with silent MI & 16 patients (32%) out of 50 type 2 DM without silent MI found to have microalbuminuria. Calculated odds ratio was 1.5. Conclusion: Microalbuminuria is a possible risk factor for SMI in type 2 DM. Urinary micro albumin can be used particularly as a screening test for early detection of SMI.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11016 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):42-45
Trends in the Presentation of Cell Biology and Histology in Contemporary Histology Books as Revealed in Their Prefaces
Authors: Amin Nahid Farhana , Shamim Khondker Manzare 
Published: June 2012

Background: Teaching and learning of Cell Biology and Histology have gone through remarkable changes in recent times. The undergraduate medical courses in Bangladesh have incorporated some of these changes but seem to have some more way to go. Good Histology books are supposed to be reflectors of the desirable changes and of the present trends in teaching-learning and assessment in the subject in good institutions. Analyses of the Prefaces of these books can help in developing an insight into the approaches taken and means applied in presenting Cell Biology and Histology in the books for meeting the demands of time. This insight, in turn, would guide the curriculum planners of the country and others seeking for changes in taking necessary steps. Objectives: To analyse the Prefaces of contemporary Histology books, qualitatively, for noting the approaches taken and means applied in presenting Cell Biology and Histology in the books. Methods: The study was descriptive, observational and qualitative in nature, carried out in the Department of Anatomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, between July 2007 and June 2008. The study materials were the Prefaces of fifteen Histology books dealing with Cell Biology and Histology, published since 1984. The Prefaces were analysed qualitatively to identify the information provided and comments made by their authors/editors on the approaches taken and means applied in the books in selecting and presenting topics, text and illustrations. The observations were organised into specific themes. Results: Sixteen themes could be identified. These include, among others, special emphasis in the books on following curricular reforms, incorporation of new information and special focus on the relationship of structures with functions. Additions and improvements regarding tables and illustrations are also highlighted. Conclusion: By incorporating the findings of the present study with the present-day ideas and trends in Cell Biology and Histology teaching-learning and assessment in the renowned institutions of the world, as evident from the available literature, suggestions can be formulated on improving the methods of teaching and assessment in Cell Biology and Histology in Bangladesh.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11017 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):46-54
Five Root Canals for a Maxillary First Molar Tooth  A Case Report
Authors: Islam Mohammad Aminul , Alam Md. Shamsul 
Published: June 2012

This case report represents assessment and management of a maxillary left first molar tooth containing five root canals by endodontic treatment. In this case Mesiobuccal 2 (MB2), Mesiopalatal (MP) and Distobuccal (DB) canals were missed as well as very poor obturation at palatal and mesiobuccal1(MB1) canal during previous treatment history. Three mesiobuccal (MB1, MB2, and MP), DB and palatal canals were identified and endodontic retreatment was done followed by final restoration. This case provides an evidence of variations in the root canals of the mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molar tooth. Complete clinical and radiographic examination and adequate knowledge of the morphology of this kind of teeth is necessary for successful clinical outcome.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11026 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):61-64
Management of Tooth Resorption by Using Calcium Hydroxide: A Case Report
Authors: Chowdhury Shirin Sultana , Alam Md. Shamsul 
Published: June 2012

In this case report, the treatment of internal root resorption in a 24 years-old male was done by using nonsurgical root canal therapy and the clinical outcome was evaluated. Both the maxillary central incisors were examined clinico-radiographically. On clinical examination, the maxillary incisors were found discolored. Radiographic examination revealed a punched-out radiolucent lesion on the cervical area of pulpal canal of both of the teeth and periradicular radiolucency was also evident. Conservative non-surgical root canal treatment was performed with long term calcium-hydroxide therapy. Following eight months of the treatment, the resorption process was stopped and a calcific bridge was formed at the apex of the roots indicated the evidence of recalcification. Conventional root canal obturation method was implied followed by clinical and radiological evaluation for next two years.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11029 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):72-75
Successful Pregnancy Following Repair of Vesicouterine Fistula Following Repeat Caesarean Section: A Case Report
Authors: Akter Dilruba , Shah Salahuddin , Islam Ferdousi , Tasnim Saria 
Published: June 2012

A lady, para 2, both delivered by caesarean section for prolonged labour, presented with the complaints of menouria and infertility for 3 years following her last caesarean section. She had history of haematuria during menstruation and her menstrual flow is scanty. Her first baby was female and alive, but her second baby was stillborn following prolonged and obstructed labour. This has been continuously blamed by family and others for happening that events. Her fistula was confirmed by ultrasound scan, histerography and cystoscopy. The vesicouterine fistula was treated by local repair with omental patch through transperitoneal approach. Pregnancy following one year of successful repair has turned her from miserable to happiness in life.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11030 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):76-78
B Subgroup: Bx blood Group in a Patient : A Case Report
Authors: Khatun Ayesha , Biswas Jolly , Habibullah Munshi Md. , Islam Ashadul , Shill Nittyananda , Rahman Atiar , Shaheen Sheikh Saiful Islam 
Published: June 2012

This is a report of a case of B Sub Group: Bx, first ever detected in Bangladesh, while doing compatibility test of a sample of a patient undergoing cardiac surgery. The patient was referred to the transfusion medicine department of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University to do cross-match with 8 proposed donors of same ABO group prior to cardiac surgery. His red cells showed weak agglutination with anti-B, anti-AB and in his serum there was potent Anti-A and weak anti-B which was not detected at 370C. After adsorption with anti-B an elute was prepared from patients cells which agglutinate with B and AB cells but did not agglutinate with A or O cells. The patient could be transfused with B blood but in this situation of cardiac surgery, as he should have to be kept in hypothermic condition, we transfused him with O washed red cell with AB plasma during operation. Patient was released from hospital without any complication. The weak B subgroups are: B3, Bx & Bel. B3 shows a mixed field of agglutination with anti B. Bx shows a weak agglutination and weak anti-B is found in the serum. Bel is not agglutinated with anti-B but is only adsorbed anti-B. With meticulous attention, cell & serum grouping of recipient and proposed donor/s to be done along with 3 phase cross-matching (Saline phase at room temp, at 4 and 37 degree Celsius temp, Indirect Coombs Test phase) to ensure right blood to the right patient at right time.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bsmmuj.v5i1.11032 BSMMU J 2012; 5(1):81-82
Study of motion of spar-type floating wind turbines in waves with effect of gyro moment at inclination
Authors: Mostafa N. , Murai M. , Nishimura R. , Fujita O. , Nihei Y. 
Published: June 2012

Recently, a number of research groups have paid much attention to the study of Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs). Similar to other offshore structures, the FOWTs are subjected to irregular waves and wind loads which cause a dynamic response in the structures. Under marine environmental conditions, they face many forces which prevent them from floating in the upright condition; they incline as a result of the winds, strong currents, typhoons, cyclones, storms etc. The motion of the FOWT might be changed by a change in gyroscopic effect which depends on the angular velocity and moment of inertia of the blade. Therefore, to investigate the effect of the gyro moment on the motion of the FOWT, two types of experiment were carried out in a water tank using a 1/360 scale model of a prototype FOWT. Firstly, the interaction between the rotary motion of the wind turbine blade and the dynamic motion of the SPAR-type FOWT was studied at small angles of inclination in regular waves. Secondly, the interaction between the change of rotational speed as well as moment of inertia of the blade and the motion of the FOWT was studied. In this paper, numerical calculations have been carried out using potential theory based on the 3D panel method. Finally, the experimental results are compared with the results of numerical simulation and findings are discussed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v9i1.10732 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 9(2012) 67-79
Melting heat transfer in a nanofluid boundary layer on a stretching circular cylinder
Authors: Gorla Rama Subba Reddy , Chamkha Ali J. , Al-Meshaiei Eisa 
Published: June 2012

A boundary layer analysis is presented for the warm, laminar nanoliquid fluid flow to a melting cylindrical surface moving parallel to a uniform stream. The resulting system of non-linear ordinary differential equations is solved numerically using Runge-Kutta method with shooting techniques. Numerical results are obtained for the velocity, temperature and concentration distributions, as well as the friction factor, local Nusselt number and local Sherwood number for several values of the parameters, namely, the Reynolds number, Prandtl number and nanofluid parameters. The obtained results are presented graphicallyand in tabular form and the physical aspects of the problem are discussed.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v9i1.7416 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 9(2012) 1-10
Liquid sloshing dynamics in a barge carrying container subjected to random wave excitation
Authors: Thuvanismail Nasar , Sannasi Sannasiraj , Vallam Sundar 
Published: June 2012

The sloshing phenomenon of liquid in a partially filled tank mounted rigidly on a barge exposed to random beam waves has been investigated through a well controlled experimental program. Four relative liquid depths, (liquid depth, hs/ length of tank, l) of 0.163, 0.325, 0.488 and 0.585 were considered for the tests. The sloshing oscillation was measured along the length of the tank at predefined locations. The effect of variation of the peak wave excitation frequency on the sloshing oscillation in the frequency domain is studied. The dominant energy is found to be concentrated around lowest nth sloshing mode frequency and, secondary peaks are observed at higher order sloshing frequencies. Odd modes contributions are dominating even modes irrespective of the excitation peak frequency. The sacrifice of second mode is observed while the excitation peak frequency is closer to its primary resonance. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v9i1.7600 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 9(2012) 43-65
Laminar Free and Forced magnetoconvection through an Octagonal Channel with a Heat Generating Circular Cylinder
Authors: Nasrin Rehena , Alim MA 
Published: June 2012

In this paper, hydromagnetic flow and thermal behaviors of fluid on free and forced convection inside an octagonal vertical channel are investigated. The channel consists of a centered heat generating hollow solid circular cylinder. The vertical and inclined walls of the octagon are insulated perfectly. The input and output opening are situated at the bottom and top surface respectively. The octagon is filled with electrically conducting fluid. The integral forms of the governing equations are solved numerically using Galerkins Weighted Residual Finite Element method. Computational domains are divided into finite numbers of body fitted control volumes with collocated variable arrangement. Results are presented in the form of average Nusselt number (Nu) and maximum temperature (?max) of the fluid for a selected range of magnetic parameter Hartmann number Ha (0 - 50). Streamlines and isothermal lines are also displayed for three different values (0.1, 1 and 10) of convection parameter (Ri) and for a fluid having magnetic field. The results indicate that the highest Nu and ?max are found for the absence of Ha in all convection regions. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v9i1.7891 Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 9(2012) 25-34
Limited carbon and mineral nutrient gain from mycorrhizal fungi by adult Australian orchids
Authors: Sommer Janine , Pausch Johanna , Brundrett Mark C. , Dixon Kingsley W. , Bidartondo Martin I. , Gebauer Gerhard 
Published: July 2012

• Premise of the study: In addition to autotrophic and fully mycoheterotrophic representatives, the orchid family comprises species that at maturity obtain C and N partially from fungal sources. These partial mycoheterotrophs are often associated with fungi that simultaneously form ectomycorrhizas with trees. This study investigates mycorrhizal nutrition for orchids from the southwestern Australian biodiversity hotspot.• Methods: The mycorrhizal fungi of 35 green and one achlorophyllous orchid species were analyzed using molecular methods. Nutritional mode was identified for 27 species by C and N isotope abundance analysis in comparison to non‐orchids from the same habitat. As a complementary approach, 13CO2 pulse labeling was applied to a subset of six orchid species to measure photosynthetic capacity.• Key results: Almost all orchids associated with rhizoctonia‐forming fungi. Due to much higher than expected variation within the co‐occurring nonorchid reference plants, the stable isotope approach proved challenging for assigning most orchids to a specialized nutritional mode; therefore, these orchids were classified as autotrophic at maturity. The 13CO2 pulse labeling confirmed full autotrophy for six selected species. Nonetheless, at least three orchid species (Gastrodia lacista, Prasophyllum elatum, Corybas recurvus) were identified as nutritionally distinctive from autotrophic orchids and reference plants.• Conclusions: Despite the orchid‐rich flora in southwestern Australia, partial mycoheterotrophy among these orchids is less common than in other parts of the world, most likely because most associate with saprotrophic fungi rather than ectomycorrhizal fungi.
« Make the pig fly ! » : l'Inria, ses chercheurs et Internet des années 1970 aux années 1990
Authors: Griset Pascal , Schafer Valérie 
Published: June 2012

Résumé L’Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique (Inria) occupe une place déterminante pour l’arrivée d’Internet en France, à une période où le « réseau des réseaux » échappe encore aux usages grand public. Son rôle est largement lié dans un premier temps à des actions individuelles. La part des éléments informels et des initiatives de chercheurs permet d’observer les frontières imprécises entre monde des producteurs d’innovation et sphères des « utilisateurs » et les tensions créatrices qui traversent l’Institut.
« Révolution 0.1 ». Utilisateurs et communautés d'utilisateurs au premier âge de l'informatique personnelle et des réseaux grand public (1978-1990)
Authors: Thierry Benjamin 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Dès les années 1980 s’épanouissent en France les premiers usages grand public de l’informatique et de la communication interactive dans un contexte socio-technique marqué par la télématique et « l’informatique familiale ». Des groupes d’ early adopters passionnés et une part non négligeable de novices enthousiastes découvrent la micro-informatique et le Minitel. Des sociabilités complexes se mettent alors en place grâce à des vecteurs nombreux qui permettent de faire circuler et partager savoir-faire et imaginaires collectifs (revues, fanzines, messageries, clubs et associations). Le passage d’une culture informaticienne à l’âge numérique marqué par le grand public est enclenché. Ce creuset initial des pratiques et des représentations se développe sur la base d’usages spécifiques (pratique du basic, premiers traitements de texte, messageries) et concourt à enraciner une « culture de l’écran interactif » qui se réinvente avec Internet quinze ans plus tard en donnant à voir un exemple significatif de continuité dans les usages par-delà les ruptures technologiques.
Les langues sur Internet : de l'hégémonie de l'anglais au règne de la traduction
Authors: Oustinoff Michaël 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Trois étapes majeures sont à distinguer dans l’historicisation des langues sur Internet : la première est celle de l’hégémonie d’une langue sur toutes les autres, à savoir l’anglais, pressentie comme appelée à demeurer la langue de l’Internet comme de la mondialisation ; la deuxième, celle d’une rebabélisation accélérée et spectaculaire d’Internet (environ 280 langues présentes sur Wikipedia) ; la troisième, celle de la traduction. Ces trois étapes sont schématiquement celles qu’on retrouve dans la plupart des grands mouvements de traduction dans l’histoire, qu’il convient par conséquent d’analyser dans toute la complexité de leurs implications historiques, économiques, culturelles ou politiques.
L'historiographie de sites Web : quelques enjeux fondamentaux
Authors: Brügger Niels 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Cet article décrit certains des enjeux fondamentaux auxquels est confronté l’historien de sites Web. Dans un premier temps, nous nous concentrerons sur la notion de « site Web », puis nous chercherons à identifier la nature spécifique du site Web archivé. Ce point de départ nous permettra d’analyser les conséquences méthodologiques liées à certaines des caractéristiques du site Web, comme par exemple, la création d’un registre. Pour conclure, nous montrerons que la nature même du site Web contraint l’historien du Web à donner de nouvelles perspectives conceptuelles à certaines difficultés méthodologiques bien connues en histoire des médias.
A Regulatory Role for IL-10 Receptor Signaling in Development and B Cell Help of T Follicular Helper Cells in Mice
Authors: Cai Gang , Nie Xiaomeng , Zhang Weiwei , Wu Beiying , Lin Jiafei , Wang Huaizhou , Jiang Cen , Shen Qian 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
IL -10 is widely accepted as a survival, proliferation, and differentiation factor for B cells. However, IL-10 deficiency accelerates disease progression as the result of autoantibody production in many autoimmune disease models. It was demonstrated that T follicular helper cells (TFH cells) play a key role in helping B cells that are secreting Abs. In this study, we demonstrated a regulatory role for IL-10R signaling on the development and B cell help function of TFH cells in vitro and in vivo. IL-1R subunit β-deficient (Il10rb−/−) Th cells were able to differentiate more readily into TFH cells, as well as secrete more IL-21 and IL-17 compared with wild-type Th cell-derived TFH cells. Increased IL-21 and IL-17 contributed to the enhanced B cell help functions of TFH cells. Further experiments demonstrated that IL-6 and IL-23 from dendritic cells in Il10rb−/− mice contributed to the differentiation of naive Th cells into TFH cells, as well as the generation of IL-21– and IL-17–producing TFH cells. Our results provide useful information for clarifying the immunoregulatory mechanisms associated with IL-10 deficiency in certain autoimmune disease models. This information could also be of benefit for the development of vaccines.