bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International comparative analyses of healthcare risk management
Authors: Sun Niuyun , Wang Li , Zhou Jun , Yuan Qiang , Zhang Zongjiu , Li Youping , Liang Minghui , Cheng Lan , Gao Guangming , Cui Xiaohui 
Published: February 2011

Abstract Objective Interpretation of the growing body of global literature on health care risk is compromised by a lack of common understanding and language. This series of articles aims to comprehensively compare laws and regulations, institutional management, and administration of incidence reporting systems on medical risk management in the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and Taiwan, so as to provide evidence and recommendations for health care risk management policy in China. Methods We searched the official websites of the healthcare risk management agencies of the four countries and one district for laws, regulatory documents, research reports, reviews and evaluation forms concerned with healthcare risk management and assessment. Descriptive comparative analysis was performed on relevant documents. Results A total of 146 documents were included in this study, including 2 laws (1.4%), 17 policy documents (11.6%), 41 guidance documents (28.1%), 37 reviews (25.3%), and 49 documents giving general information (33.6%). The United States government implemented one law and one rule of patient safety management, while the United Kingdom and Australia each issued professional guidances on patient safety improvement. The four countries implemented patient safety management policy on four different levels: national, state/province, hospital, and non‐governmental organization. Conclusion The four countries and one district adopted four levels of patient safety management, and the administration modes can be divided into an “NGO‐led mode” represented by the United States and Canada and a “government‐led mode” represented by the United Kingdom, Australia, and Taiwan.
Fatal Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza A Virus Infection in a Pennsylvania Domestic Cat
Authors: Campagnolo E. R. , Rankin J. T. , Daverio S. A. , Hunt E. A. , Lute J. R. , Tewari D. , Acland H. M. , Ostrowski S. R. , Moll M. E. , Urdaneta V. V. , Ostroff S. M. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryWe report the earliest recognized fatality associated with laboratory‐confirmed pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza in a domestic cat in the United States. The 12‐year old, indoor cat died on 6 November 2009 after exposure to multiple family members who had been ill with influenza‐like illness during the peak period of the fall wave of pH1N1 in Pennsylvania during late October 2009. The clinical presentation, history, radiographic, laboratory and necropsy findings are presented to assist veterinary care providers in understanding the features of this disease in cats and the potential for transmission of infection to pets from infected humans.
Corynebacterium ulcerans from Diseased Wild Boars
Authors: Contzen M. , Sting R. , Blazey B. , Rau J. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryTwo Corynebacterium strains were isolated from lymph nodes of wild boars showing severe alterations caused by caseous lymphadenitis. The wild boars came from different districts in southern Germany; one was found dead, the other had been shot. The two Corynebacterium strains obtained were both positive for phospholipase D. Further analysis of biochemical profiles did not allow unambiguous differentiation between Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy as well as partial sequencing of the genes for 16S rRNA and RNA polymerase beta subunit (rpoB) clearly identified both strains as Corynebacterium ulcerans. The tox gene for diphtheria toxin (DT) could be detected in both porcine isolates by PCR. Partial DNA sequencing of this tox gene showed significant differences from sequences described for other Corynebacterium ulcerans strains and a higher degree of similarity to that of Corynebacterium diphtheria. Production of diphtheria toxin could not be detected. These results indicate that wild game could be a reservoir for zoonotic Corynebacterium ulcerans.
Chlamydophila felisin Cats – Are the Stray Cats Dangerous Source of Infection?
Authors: Halánová M. , Sulinová Z. , Čisláková L. , Trbolová A. , Páleník Ľ. , Weissová T. , Halán M. , Kalinová Z. , Holičková M. 
Published: February 2011

SummaryChlamydophila felisis a causative agent of acute or chronic conjunctivitis, and pneumonia in cats. Natural transmission mostly occurs consequently to close contact with other infected cats, their aerosol and fomites. We have examined 93 cats with symptoms of acute or chronic conjunctivitis, from Košice region in Slovakia, during the period of 2 years. Conjunctival samples were obtained from 55 domestic cats (59.14%) and 38 stray cats (40.86%). Of the total number of 93 examined animals, 42 cats were positive, which represents 45.16% overall positivity. Out of the 42 positive cats, 25 cats were stray and 17 positive cats were classified as domestic, which means that of 38 stray cats, 25 were positive (which represented 65.78% positivity) and of 55 domestic cats, 17 were positive (positivity was 30.90%). Our results showed that cats, especially stray cats, could be a dangerous source of chlamydiosis for humans.
Serum biochemical analytes in captive Amazonian manatees (Trichechus inunguis)
Authors: de Mello Daniela Magalhães Drummond , da Silva Vera , Rosas Fernando 
Published: February 2011

Background: Establishment of reference values for serum biochemical analytes is important for monitoring health and physiological status of captive animals.Objective: The purpose of this study was to measure and report ranges for serum biochemical analytes in Amazonian manatees (Trichechus inunguis).Methods: Blood samples were collected from 24 healthy captive Amazonian manatees that comprised a mixture of adults, subadults, and calves and males and females; serum analytes were measured and analyzed using a dry reagent bench‐top chemical analyzer. Comparisons were made between sexes and with previously published values of closely related species.Results: Medians and ranges (minimum–maximum) of values for the analytes were: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), 151 (111–278) U/L (n=20); creatine kinase, 144 (76–315) U/L (n=11); alanine aminotransferase, 10 (2–28) U/L (n=18); aspartate aminotransferase, 14 (5–28) U/L (n=21); γ‐glutamyltransferase, 47 (36–73) U/L (n=21); amylase, 1428 (1010–1874) U/L (n=21); alkaline phosphatase, 73 (36–141) U/L (n=19); total protein, 6.8 (6.2–8.0) g/dL (n=24); albumin, 3.3 (2.6–4.1) g/dL (n=21); cholesterol, 188 (101–399) mg/dL (n=21); triglycerides, 126 (60–236) mg/dL (n=21); glucose, 47 (22–69) mg/dL (n=21); urea, 43 (21–69) mg/dL (n=21); uric acid, 1.1 (0.5–1.8) mg/dL (n=22); creatinine, 2.2 (1.5–3.3) mg/dL (n=22); total bilirubin, 0.2 (0.2–2.0) mg/dL (n=21); calcium, 12.7 (10.2–18.6) mg/dL (n=24); iron, 282 (207–457) μg/dL (n=13); and magnesium, 6.9 (4.3–8.9) mg/dL (n=20). With the exception of LDH, no differences were observed between sexes.Conclusions: The ranges obtained in this study provide important preliminary estimates for concentrations and activities of serum analytes in Amazonian manatees until a larger reference interval study can be conducted.
Hijama (cupping): a review of the evidence
Authors: AlBedah Abdullah , Khalil Mohamed , Elolemy Ahmed , Elsubai Ibrahim , Khalil Asim 
Published: February 2011

AbstractHijama means cupping, but in Arab and Muslim culture it refers to wet cupping. At present, there is much controversy around the practice of wet cupping. To evaluate the current scientific evidence for Hijama, specifically wet cupping, we searched for relevant literature using CAM on PubMed, ACP journal club, Cochrane controlled trials register, Cochrane database of systematic reviews, Cochrane methodology register, database of abstracts of reviews of effects, health technology assessment database, Journals@Ovid, MEDLINE and the NHS economic evaluation database. Three systematic reviews investigated the effectiveness of wet and dry cupping. Two of the reviews found some evidence of effectiveness for cupping and pain. Favourable effects were reported for wet cupping when used as an adjuvant to conventional drugs. The third systematic review found very little evidence of effectiveness for cupping and stroke rehabilitation. Other clinical and observational studies were of limited quality. Few randomised controlled trials have examined the effectiveness of cupping (specifically wet cupping), and those that have been published were generally of low quality, with many limitations.
Relax, it is only IBS?
Authors: Ingvar M 
Published: February 2011

Shinozaki M, Kanazawa M, Kano M, Endo Y, Nakaya N, Hongo M, Fukudo S. Effect of autogenic training on general improvement in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback 2010; 35: 189–98.
An inexpensive and accessible exercise regime significantly improves balance and reduces injuries in the elderly
Authors: Dunlop RA 
Published: February 2011

Wu G, Keyes L, Callas P, Ren X, Bookchin B. Comparison of telecommunication, community, and home‐based tai chi exercise programs on compliance and effectiveness in elders at risk for falls. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2010; 91: 849–56.
Integrative approach for tinnitus: potential for qigong
Authors: Marc I , Langguth B , Biesinger E 
Published: February 2011

Biesinger E, Kipman U, Schätz S, Langguth B. Qigong for the treatment of tinnitus: a prospective randomized controlled study. J Psychosom Res 2010; 69: 299–304.
Tai chi qigong may improve health‐related QoL in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients
Authors: Lee MS , Chan AWK , Lee A , Suen LKP , Tam WWS 
Published: February 2011

Chan AWK, Lee A, Suen LKP, Tam WS. Effectiveness of a Tai chi Qigong program in promoting health‐related quality of life and perceived social support in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease clients. Qual Life Res 2010; 19: 653–64.
Meta‐analysis of Chinese herbs for diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Izzo AA , Chen M , Xie C 
Published: February 2011

Chen M, Zheng H, Yin LP, Xie CG. Is oral administration of Chinese herbal medicine effective and safe as an adjunctive therapy for managing diabetic foot ulcers? A systematic review and meta‐analysis. J Altern Complement Med 2010; 16: 889–98.
Benefits of intravenous fish oil after gastrointestinal cancer surgery
Authors: Rotblatt M 
Published: February 2011

Jiang ZM, Wilmore DW, Wang XR, Wei JM, Zhang ZT, Gu ZY, Wang S, Han SM, Jiang H, Yu K. Randomized clinical trial of intravenous soybean oil alone versus soybean oil plus fish oil emulsion after gastrointestinal cancer surgery. Br J Surg 2010; 97: 804–9.
A blueprint for placebo‐controlled double‐blind studies of complex, individualised interventions
Authors: Ernst E , Furst DE 
Published: February 2011

Furst DE, Venkatraman MM, Krishna Swamy BG, McGann M, Booth‐Laforce C, Ram Manohar P, Sarin R, Mahapatra A, Krishna Kumar PR. Well controlled, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trials of classical Ayurvedic treatment are possible in rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2010; Epub ahead of print.
Integrative paediatrics: a Dutch experience
Authors: von Rosenstiel Inès A , Schats Winnie , Bongers Karlien , Jong Miek C 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBackground  In 2003 a paediatric integrative medicine (IM) clinic was established in the Slotervaart Hospital, the Netherlands. The clinic provides advice and treatment to inpatient and outpatient children, using a shared‐care model with complementary therapists. The clinic also provides a limited range of evidence‐based complementary modalities for inpatient children, aimed at decreasing pain, fear and stress.Objective  To describe the successful integration of CAM and IM within a paediatric department of a Dutch teaching hospital.Materials and methods  The clinic was set up through the special interest of the head of the paediatric department, with support from fellow paediatricians, medical specialists, nurses, other staff and hospital board members. A shared‐care model with complementary therapists was developed for the outpatient population.Results  The clinic is currently run by paediatricians trained in several complementary modalities, and a group of carefully selected and licensed naturopaths, Ayurvedic practitioners, hypnotherapists, massage therapists, homeopaths, osteopaths, acupuncturists and integrative psychology counsellors. There is close collaboration with the medical librarian who maintains a database of IM literature and provides up‐to‐date evidence‐based literature on specific IM topics.Conclusions  The clinic enjoys a special position in the Dutch healthcare system, but faces specific and unique challenges. Recruitment and retention of physicians and nurses, who are both knowledgeable and skilled in IM, is an important goal for the continuation of the clinic. Two areas need to be closely addressed in the near future: financial viability and a regulatory framework for CAM practitioners in collaborative hospital settings.
Verbal elaboration of distinct affect categories and BPD symptoms
Authors: Lecours Serge , Bouchard Marc‐André 
Published: February 2011

Objectives. The present study explores the relationship between the mentalization of distinct affect categories and the severity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptoms. Mentalization is assessed by both the level of verbal elaboration (VE) achieved by discrete affects (explicit mentalization) and the proportion of these individual affects in verbal expression (implicit mentalization). Design and methods. Sixty‐four outpatients completed a series of questionnaires and took part in an interview designed to produce eight relationship episodes that involved four basic emotions: sadness, joy, anger, and fear (two of each). Affect mentalization was assessed with the Grille de l’Élaboration Verbale de l’Affect (GEVA), an observer‐rated measure of levels of elaboration of verbalized affect, and the measure of affect content (MAC), which identifies the content of the verbalized affect (e.g., anger). Diagnostic criteria were obtained with the BPD scale of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV (SCID‐II) questionnaire. Alexithymia was assessed with the 20‐item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS‐20). Results. The severity of BPD symptoms was related to lower levels of VE of sadness. It was also associated with a higher frequency of hostility directed against others. The level of VE of sadness and the proportion of hostility showed incremental predictive value of borderline symptomatology over demographic information, the presence of a depressive disorder and alexithymia. Conclusions. These findings point to an association between the severity of BPD symptoms and a difficulty mentalizing specific affective domains largely recognized as being central to borderline pathology, namely sadness and hostility.
Nonsolvable number fields ramified only at 3 and 5
Authors: Dembélé Lassina , Greenberg Matthew , Voight John 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFor p=3 and p=5, we exhibit a finite nonsolvable extension of ℚ which is ramified only at p, proving in the affirmative a conjecture of Gross. Our construction involves explicit computations with Hilbert modular forms.
Dichotomy for generic supercuspidal representations ofG2
Authors: Savin Gordan , Weissman Martin H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe local Langlands conjectures imply that to every generic supercuspidal irreducible representation ofG2over ap-adic field, one can associate a generic supercuspidal irreducible representation of either PGSp6or PGL3. We prove this conjectural dichotomy, demonstrating a precise correspondence between certain representations ofG2and other representations of PGSp6and PGL3. This correspondence arises from theta correspondences inE6andE7, analysis of Shalika functionals, and spin L-functions. Our main result reduces the conjectural Langlands parameterization of generic supercuspidal irreducible representations ofG2to a single conjecture about the parameterization for PGSp6.
In Vitro
Interactions of Antimicrobial Combinations with Fosfomycin against KPC-2-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Protection of Resistance Development
Authors: Souli Maria , Galani Irene , Boukovalas Stefanos , Gourgoulis Michael George , Chryssouli Zoi , Kanellakopoulou Kyriaki , Panagea Theofano , Giamarellou Helen 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACT

Using time-kill methodology, we investigated the interactions of fosfomycin with meropenem or colistin or gentamicin against 17 genetically distinct
Klebsiella pneumoniae
clinical isolates carrying
bla
KPC-2
. Synergy was observed with meropenem or colistin against 64.7 and 11.8% of tested isolates, while the combination with gentamicin resulted in indifference. All studied combinations showed improved bactericidal activity, compared to fosfomycin alone and prevented the development of fosfomycin resistance in 69.2, 53.8, and 81.8% of susceptible isolates, respectively.
Azole Resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus Biofilms Is Partly Associated with Efflux Pump Activity
Authors: Rajendran Ranjith , Mowat Eilidh , McCulloch Elaine , Lappin David F. , Jones Brian , Lang Sue , Majithiya Jayesh B. , Warn Peter , Williams Craig , Ramage Gordon 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the phase-dependent expression and activity of efflux pumps in
Aspergillus fumigatus
treated with voriconazole. Fourteen strains were shown to become increasingly resistant in the 12-h (16- to 128-fold) and 24-h (>512-fold) phases compared to 8-h germlings. An Ala-Nap uptake assay demonstrated a significant increase in efflux pump activity in the 12-h and 24-h phases (
P
< 0.0001). The efflux pump activity of the 8-h germling cells was also significantly induced by voriconazole (
P
< 0.001) after 24 h of treatment. Inhibition of efflux pump activity with the competitive substrate MC-207,110 reduced the voriconazole MIC values for the
A. fumigatus
germling cells by 2- to 8-fold. Quantitative expression analysis of
AfuMDR4
mRNA transcripts showed a phase-dependent increase as the mycelial complexity increased, which was coincidental with a strain-dependent increase in azole resistance. Voriconazole also significantly induced this in a time-dependent manner (
P
< 0.001). Finally, an
in vivo
mouse biofilm model was used to evaluate efflux pump expression, and it was shown that
AfuMDR4
was constitutively expressed and significantly induced by treatment with voriconazole after 24 h (
P
< 0.01). Our results demonstrate that efflux pumps are expressed in complex
A. fumigatus
biofilm populations and that this contributes to azole resistance. Moreover, voriconazole treatment induces efflux pump expression. Collectively, these data may provide evidence for azole treatment failures in clinical cases of aspergillosis.
Impact of Dose De-Escalation and Escalation on Daptomycin's Pharmacodynamics against Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in an
In Vitro
Model
Authors: Vidaillac Celine , Steed Molly E. , Rybak Michael J. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACT

De-escalation and escalation therapeutic strategies are commonly employed by clinicians on the basis of susceptibility results and patient response. Since no
in vitro
or
in vivo
data are currently available to support one strategy over the other for daptomycin, we attempted to evaluate the effects of dose escalation and de-escalation on daptomycin activity against methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(MRSA) isolates using an
in vitro
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model with simulated endocardial vegetations. Three clinical MRSA isolates, including one heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate
S. aureus
(hVISA) isolate and one vancomycin-intermediate
S. aureus
(VISA) isolate, were exposed to daptomycin at 10 or 6 mg/kg of body weight/day for 8 days using a starting inoculum of ∼10
9
CFU/g of vegetations, with dose escalation and de-escalation initiated on the fourth day. Daptomycin MIC values ranged from 0.5 to 1 μg/ml. In the PK/PD model, high-dose daptomycin (10 mg/kg/day) and de-escalation simulation (10 to 6 mg/kg/day) appeared to be the most efficient regimens against the three tested isolates, exhibiting the fastest bactericidal activity (4 to 8 h) compared to that of the standard regimen of 6 mg/kg/day and the escalation therapy of 6 to 10 mg/kg/day. The differences in the numbers of CFU/g observed between dose escalation and de-escalation were significant for the hVISA strain, with the de-escalation simulation exhibiting a better killing effect than the escalation simulation (
P
< 0.024). Although our results need to be carefully considered, the use of high-dose daptomycin up front demonstrated the most efficient activity against the tested isolates. Different therapeutic scenarios including isolates with higher MICs and prolonged drug exposures are warranted to better understand the outcomes of escalation and de-escalation strategies.
Aspergillus fumigatus Strains with Mutations in the
cyp51A
Gene Do Not Always Show Phenotypic Resistance to Itraconazole, Voriconazole, or Posaconazole
Authors: Escribano Pilar , Recio Sandra , Peláez Teresa , Bouza Emilio , Guinea Jesús 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACT

We performed molecular identification of 98
Aspergillus fumigatus
complex isolates with MICs of 1 to 4 μg/ml for itraconazole and searched for the presence of mutations in
cyp51A
. Most of the isolates (91%) belonged to
A. fumigatus
sensu stricto. We found 14 different mutations in nine isolates at codons different from G54, M220, G138, G448, and L98. We report new mutations at positions 165, 262, 479, and 497 (silent). The role of these mutations should be analyzed.
In Vitro
Activity of Nifuratel on Vaginal Bacteria: Could It Be a Good Candidate for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis?
Authors: Togni Giuseppe , Battini Valeria , Bulgheroni Anna , Mailland Federico , Caserini Maurizio , Mendling Werner 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACT

Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a shift of the physiological flora to a diverse spectrum of bacteria, where
Gardnerella vaginalis
and
Atopobium vaginae
are the most important markers. In this study, the antimicrobial activity of nifuratel against
G. vaginalis
,
A. vaginae
, and lactobacilli was compared with that of the two currently used antibiotics metronidazole and clindamycin. Results suggest that nifuratel has a better spectrum of activity, being highly active against
G. vaginalis
and
A. vaginae
without affecting lactobacilli.
Analysis of Murine Genetic Predisposition to Pneumococcal Infection Reveals a Critical Role of Alveolar Macrophages in Maintaining the Sterility of the Lower Respiratory Tract
Authors: Sun Keer , Gan Yan , Metzger Dennis W. 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACT
The study of pathogenic mechanisms of disease can be greatly facilitated by studying genetic differences in susceptibility to infection. In the present study, we compared the severity of pneumococcal infection in C57BL/6 (B6) and 129Sv mice. The results showed that 129Sv mice were remarkably more susceptible to pneumococcal infection than B6 mice. Bacterial clearance, proinflammatory mediators, leukocyte recruitment, and phagocyte activities were measured to examine potential immune factors associated with differences in susceptibility to pneumococcal infection. The greater susceptibility of 129Sv mice was associated only with inadequate alveolar macrophage bacterial killing, as indicated by significantly decreased initial bacterial clearance from the respiratory tract. Effective pneumococcal clearance was not dependent upon Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression, oxidative stress, or matrix metallopeptidase 12 (MMP-12) expression. Furthermore, phagocytosis analysis suggested that the deficiency found in 129Sv alveolar macrophages was not due to a lack of bacterial recognition but, rather, to reduced bacterial uptake. In conclusion, our findings indicate a crucial role of alveolar macrophage phagocytosis during innate defense against pneumococcal infection, which may explain the association of host genetic risk factors with predisposition to pneumococcal infection.