bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Fluorescence‐Labelled Glycosidic Prodrugs Based on the Cytotoxic Antibiotic Duocarmycin (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 36/2010)
Authors: Tietze Lutz F. , Behrendt Frank , Major Felix , Krewer Birgit , von Hof J. Marian 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe cover picture shows live‐cell images of novel fluorescence‐labelled Duocarmycin analogues. Images a and b represent the cellular uptake of the new compound at λexc = 405 nm and λem = 500 nm (a) and at λexc = 514 nm and λem = 560 nm (b), whereas image c shows the overlap of a and b. Images d and f show colocalisation experiments with Hoechst 33342 (d) and MitoTracker® DeepRed (f), whereas image e shows the cellular uptake of the new compound (λexc = 514 nm, λem = 560 nm) again for comparison with MitoTracker® DeepRed. Details are discussed in the article by L. F. Tietze et al. on p. 6909 ff.
Single Conducting Polymer Nanowire Based Sequence‐Specific, Base‐Pair‐Length Dependant Label‐free DNA Sensor
Authors: Bangar Mangesh A. , Shirale Dhammanand J. , Purohit Hemant J. , Chen Wilfred , Myung Nosang V. , Mulchandani Ashok 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe have fabricated a highly sensitive, simple and label‐free single polypyrrole (Ppy) nanowire based conductometric/chemiresistive DNA sensor. The fabrication was optimized in terms of probe DNA sequence immobilization using a linker molecule and using gold‐thiol interaction. Two resultant sensor designs working on two different sensing mechanisms (gating effect and work function based sensors) were tested to establish reliable sensor architecture with higher sensitivity and device‐to‐device reproducibility. The utility of the work function based configuration was demonstrated by detecting 19 base pair (bp) long breast cancer gene sequence with single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discrimination with high sensitivity, lower detection limit of ∼10−16 M and wide dynamic range (∼10−16 to 10−11 M) in a small sample volume (30 µL). To further demonstrate the utility of the DNA sensor for detection of target sequences with different number of bases, targets with 21 and 36 bases were detected. These sequences have implications in environmental sample analysis or metagenomics. Sensor response showed increase with the number of bases in the target sequence. For long sequence (with 36 bases), effect of DNA alignment on sensor performance was studied.
Development and Possibilities of Multichannel Voltammetric Detection in Liquid Chromatography
Authors: González‐García Olga , Ariño Cristina , Díaz‐Cruz José Manuel , Esteban Miquel 
Published: December 2010

AbstractVoltammetric detection in HPLC by using linear potential sweeps applied to dual electrode cells is evaluated. The application of an offset between both potential sweeps, applied to either serial or parallel setup of both working electrodes, and the further subtraction of the corresponding datasets are discussed. The use of multivariate curve resolution for the treatment of overlapping signals is also investigated. Despite some noise problems, mostly derived from the differences between the working electrodes, the proposed multichannel method appears to be promising. The different approaches are tested by analyzing some thiols mixtures.
Microelectrochemical Systems on Silicon Chips for the Detection of Pollutants in Seawater
Authors: Moujahid Waleed , Eichelmann‐Daly Patrycja , Strutwolf Jörg , Ogurtsov Vladimir I. , Herzog Grégoire , Arrigan Damien W. M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe ever‐growing demand for simple, fast and reliable techniques for the detection of pollutants and contaminants in the environment has sparked the development of remote detection and monitoring systems which include application specific sensors, instrumentation and signal processing. We report here the design, fabrication and characterisation of four designs of microelectrochemical systems on silicon chip for the detection of pollutants in artificial seawater. These systems were fabricated by photolithography and incorporate a Pt working microelectrode array (squares or bands), a Pt counter electrode and a Ag|AgCl reference electrode. They have been characterised by cyclic voltammetry of ferricyanide and behaved in good agreement with the theory. These systems were evaluated over 72 hours and showed good stability. Underpotential Deposition – Stripping Voltammetry experiments of Cu2+ in artificial seawater have been carried out at an array of 35 microsquares of 20 µm × 20 µm. The sensitivity achieved was (2.93±0.14) µA cm−2 µM−1, with 1 µM being the lowest Cu2+ concentration measured. These devices provide the basis for the development into sensor systems for remote analysis applications.
Combination of Headspace Single‐Drop Microextraction, Microchip Electrophoresis and Contactless Conductivity Detection for the Determination of Aliphatic Amines in the Biodegradation Process of Seafood Samples
Authors: Mark Jonas Josef Peter , Kumar Ashwini , Demattio Horst , Hoffmann Werner , Malik Ashok , Matysik Frank‐Michael 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA new method for the efficient extraction and determination of volatile aliphatic amines by means of single‐drop microextraction (SDME) in combination with microchip electrophoresis and contactless conductivity detection has been developed. An experimental approach for interfacing real world samples with chip electrophoresis is presented. The method consists of an optimized protocol for extraction via ultrasound assisted headspace SDME and the separation and determination of the target analytes with a novel microfluidic device. Five volatile, short‐chained aliphatic amines, methylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine and triethylamine, were determined. The analytes were separated using a PMMA microchip with an 8.7 cm long separation channel and integrated thin‐film gold electrodes for capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D). The determinations were carried out in a His/MES buffer (His/MES ratio of 80 : 20 at pH 6.6). Various parameters for the extraction and determination of the target analytes were optimized and applied to complex sample matrices like shrimp. The five analytes could be separated in less than 40 s applying a separation voltage of 3.8 kV. A linear concentration dependence was found within the range from 0.1 to 10 ppm for the ethylamine species and from 0.5 to 10 ppm for the methylamines. The limits of detection were all well below 400 ng/mL. The proposed method is simple, quick, presents low levels of waste, works with small sample quantities and is suitable for quantification of aliphatic amines in seafood samples like shrimp or fish from where they are naturally developing upon biodegradation. In the present study the accelerated decay of shrimp tissue due to improper storage was monitored.
Electroanalytical Applications of Metallic Nanoparticles and Supramolecular Nanostructures
Authors: Willner Itamar , Willner Bilha , Tel‐Vered Ran 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMetallic nanoparticles (NPs) of unique electronic and catalytic properties, or supramolecular nucleic acid‐based nanostructures, provide new materials for electroanalytical applications. Metallic NPs are used for the electrical contacting of redox enzymes with electrodes and as electrocatalysts for the development of amperometric biosensors. DNA is used as a template for electroanalytical applications, such as the electrical contacting of enzymes with electrodes. Finally, an electrochemical method to synthesize molecularly imprinted Au NPs composites on surfaces is described, and the imprinted composites enable the selective and ultrasensitive detection of explosives, or their use as electrochemically triggered sponges for the uptake and release of substrates.
Porphyrin Functionalized Graphene for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Ultratrace Explosives
Authors: Guo Chun Xian , Lei Yu , Li Chang Ming 
Published: December 2010

AbstractPorphyrin functionalized graphene is used to electrochemically detect nitroaromatic explosives. It is found that synergistic effects from the specific good adsorptive properties of porphyrin and the large electroactive surface area and fast charge transfer of graphene contribute to the sensitive detection. The porphyrin/graphene sensor shows an ultratrace detection of as low as 1 ppb of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene, 0.5 ppb of 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene, 1 ppb of 1,3,5‐trinitrobenzene and 2 ppb of 1,3‐dinitrobenzene respectively and good reproducibility within 5.1 % standard deviation for a series of 9 repetitive measurements. The porphyrin/graphene sensor provides a unique platform in the analysis of nitroaromatic explosives for various security and environmental applications.
Methods to improve transient performance of CVTs: analysis and recommendations
Authors: Khanna Abhishek 
Published: December 2010

AbstractTransients in capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs) are known to cause measurement problems in the relays. These switching transients can take several cycles to die out if the burden imposed by the secondary connected devices is a fraction of the CVT rated burden. In this paper, the transient response of the CVTs connected to low burden numerical relays is studied in detail and than the methods to improve the same are discussed. The methods discussed vary from simple modifications in existing CVT design to some major changes in the CVT construction. The paper gives a comprehensive coverage of design issues for CVTs intended to be used with numerical relays. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced open architecture of phasor data concentrator
Authors: Skok Srdjan , Matica Renata , Šturlić Ivan 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe enhanced architecture of the wide area monitoring (WAM) system with parallel operation of two phasor data concentrators (PDCs) has been developed. It comprises real time acquisition of phasor measurements into different central units and a completely configurable as well as custom‐made interface for different user types. The presented architecture contains features of communicating and collecting synchronized measurements from different sources such as the PDC, virtual PMUs, and synchrophasor vector processor (SVP). It has been made possible for the developed architecture to exchange data with existing SCADA (such as topology of power transmission system). Collected data are filtered and processed with the originally developed algorithm for power system real time monitoring purpose. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experience and applications of phasor measurements to the Brazilian interconnected power system
Authors: Decker Ildemar C. , e Silva Aguinaldo S. , Agostini Marcelo N. , Prioste Fernando B. , Mayer Breno T. , Dotta Daniel 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this paper, applications of phasor measurements to the Brazilian interconnected power system (BIPS) are presented. Two prototypes, the low voltage phasor measurement system (LVPMS), with phasor measurement units (PMUs) installed in nine universities throughout Brazil and the high voltage phasor measurement system (HVPMS), with PMUs installed in four substations in a transmission utility in Southern Brazil, are the first installations in the country. These experimental prototypes have been a rich source of experience on the use of syncronized phasor measurements. Line parameter estimation, detection of oscillation modes, disturbance analysis, and system wide model validation have been the main applications. The LVPMS measurements are acquired at outlet voltage while the HVPMS measurements are acquired at 525 kV substations. The monitoring and analysis of several events in the BIPS have shown that both systems can provide relevant and comparable information on the BIPS dynamics. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of thermal protective performance of aluminized fabrics of basalt fiber and glass fiber
Authors: Hao Licai , Yu Weidong 
Published: December 2010

AbstractRapid progress has been made in the field of fire protection during the past few decades, nevertheless, the development of fire protective clothing with prolonged durability has always been a matter for public attention. In order to prevent or minimize skin burn damage resulting from flashover, a kind of thermal protective composite fabric, the surface of which is aluminized, has been upgraded and developed. Using the UV–Vis–NIR (ultraviolet–visible–near infrared) spectrophotometer, the thermal radiation protective performance of aluminized fabrics made of basalt fiber and glass fiber were evaluated and compared. The aluminized fabrics and the substrate fabrics used were exposed to a fire environment generated by burning liquified gas for a few minutes, aiming at evaluating the protective effect of the aluminum coating and characterizing the thermal insulating performance. The results showed that the spectral reflectance of aluminized fabrics present obvious differences over a wide range of wavelengths, perhaps due to the different yarn parameters and weave structure. The fire exposure experiment indicated that the aluminized fabric of basalt fiber had better thermal protective performance than the substrate fabrics. Although the thermal insulating performance of aluminized fabrics is insufficient to provide enough time for people to focus on his/her job, the aluminized fabrics exhibit great potential application in the fields of firefighting and military. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High resolution ArrayCGH and expression profiling identifies PTPRD and PCDH17/PCH68 as tumor suppressor gene candidates in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Giefing Maciej , Zemke Natalia , Brauze Damian , Kostrzewska‐Poczekaj Magdalena , Luczak Magdalena , Szaumkessel Marcin , Pelinska Kinga , Kiwerska Katarzyna , Tönnies Holger , Grenman Reidar , Figlerowicz Marek , Siebert Reiner , Szyfter Krzysztof , Jarmuz Malgorzata 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMany classical tumor suppressor genes (TSG) were identified by delineation of bi‐allelic losses called homozygous deletions. To identify systematically homozygous deletions in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and to unravel novel putative tumor suppressor genes, we screened 10 LSCC cell lines using high resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (arrayCGH) and array based expression analysis. ArrayCGH identified altogether 113 regions harboring protein coding genes that showed strong reduction in copy number indicating a potential homozygous deletion. Out of the 113 candidate regions, 22 novel homozygous deletions that affected the coding sequences of 15 genes were confirmed by multiplexPCR. Three genes were homozygously lost in two cell lines: PCDH17/PCH68, PRR20, and PTPRD. For the 15 homozygously deleted genes, four showed statistically significant downregulation of expression in LSCC cell lines as compared with normal human laryngeal controls. These were ATG7 (1/10 cell line), ZMYND11 (BS69) (1/10 cell line), PCDH17/PCH68 (9/10 cell lines), and PTPRD (7/10 cell lines). Quantitative real‐time PCR was used to confirm the downregulation of the candidate genes in 10 expression array‐studied cell lines and an additional cohort of cell lines; statistical significant downregulation of PCDH17/PCH68 and PTPRD was observed. In line with this also Western blot analyses demonstrated a complete absence of the PCDH17 and PTPRD proteins. Thus, expression profiling confirmed recurrent alterations of two genes identified primarily by delineation of homozygous deletions. These were PCDH17/PCH68, the protocadherin gene, and the STAT3 inhibiting receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase gene PTPRD. These genes are good candidates for novel TSG in LSCC. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Germline copy number variations in BRCA1‐associated ovarian cancer patients
Authors: Yoshihara Kosuke , Tajima Atsushi , Adachi Sosuke , Quan Jinhua , Sekine Masayuki , Kase Hiroaki , Yahata Tetsuro , Inoue Ituro , Tanaka Kenichi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe investigated characteristics of germline copy number variations (CNV) in BRCA1‐associated ovarian cancer patients by comparing them to CNVs present in sporadic ovarian cancer patients. Germline CNVs in 51 BRCA1‐associated, 33 sporadic ovarian cancer patients, and 47 healthy women were analyzed by both signal intensity and genotyping data using the Affymetrix Genome‐Wide Human SNP Array 6.0. The total number of CNVs per genome was greater in the sporadic group (median 26, range 12–34) than in the BRCA1 group (median 21, range 11–35; post hoc P < 0.05) or normal group (median 20, range 7–32; post hoc P < 0.05). While the number of amplifications per genome was higher in the sporadic group (median 13, range 7–26) than in the BRCA1 group (median 8, range 3–23; post hoc P < 0.001), the number of deletions per genome was higher in the BRCA1 group (median 12, range 6–24) than in the sporadic group (median 9, range 3–17; post hoc P < 0.01). In addition, 31 previously unknown CNV regions were present specifically in the BRCA1 group. When we performed pathway analysis on the 241 overlapping genes mapped to these novel CNV regions, the ‘purine metabolism’ and ‘14‐3‐3‐mediated signaling’ pathways were over‐represented (Fisher's exact test, P < 0.01). Our study shows that there are qualitative differences in genomic CNV profiles between BRCA1‐associated and sporadic ovarian cancer patients. Further studies are necessary to clarify the significance of the genomic CNV profile unique to BRCA1‐associated ovarian cancer patients. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Anxiety disorders, depressive episodes and cognitive impairment no dementia in community‐dwelling older men and women
Authors: Potvin Olivier , Hudon Carol , Dion Mélissa , Grenier Sébastien , Préville Michel 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety symptoms are highly prevalent in elders with mild cognitive disorders, but little is known about the associations of specific anxiety disorders to mild cognitive disorders.ObjectiveTo identify the clinical and subclinical anxiety disorders associated with cognitive impairment no dementia (CIND) and to determine whether these associations differ depending on sex and concomitant depressive episodes.MethodParticipants constituted a random sample (n = 2414) of community‐dwelling adults aged 65–96 years. The following clinical and subclinical DSM‐IV anxiety disorders were identified with a semi‐structured interview: specific phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia, panic disorder, obsessive–compulsive, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Major depressive episodes or minor depression (MDE/MD) were also determined based on the DSM‐IV criteria. CIND cases were defined based on Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE) cut‐offs (15th percentile) stratified for age, education, and sex. Potentially confounding variables (age, education, MDE/MD, chronic diseases, and psychotropic drug use) were statistically controlled.ResultsIn men, after adjusting for confounding variables, CIND was associated with subclinical GAD (odds ratio (OR): 4.93, 95% confidence interval: 1.84–13.23). Further analyses showed that in men, CIND was related to clinical/subclinical GAD whether MDE/MD was present (7.05, 1.88–26.43) or absent (9.33, 3.24–26.83). In women, CIND was not linked to any clinical or subclinical anxiety disorder.ConclusionsThese results suggest that in community‐dwelling elders, GAD is the main anxiety disorder associated with poor global cognitive functioning. Moreover, this association is modified by sex, but not by the presence of depressive episodes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The implementation of verbal instructions: An fMRI study
Authors: Hartstra Egbert , Kühn Simone , Verguts Tom , Brass Marcel 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn everyday life, our actions are often guided by verbal instructions. Usually, we can implement such instructions immediately without trial and error learning. This raises the fundamental question how verbal instructions are transformed into efficient motor behavior. The aim of this study was to gain deeper insights into the implementation of verbal instructions both on a neural and a cognitive level. To this end, we devised an fMRI experiment in which participants were required to permanently implement new stimulus–response (S–R) mappings and object–color (O–C) mappings. This enabled us to test whether there are brain areas that are specific to the implementation of newly instructed S–R mappings or whether newly instructed rules are represented independently from the specific content. Furthermore, we could test which brain areas are involved in the processing of S–R mappings when compared with O–C mappings. Our results suggest that only one brain area, the left inferior frontal junction (IFJ), was sensitive to the novelty of instructions regardless of whether these instructions conveyed S–R or O–C mappings. Furthermore, our results show that instructions conveying S–R mapping involve a network of brain areas, including pre‐PMd, M1, and IPS that was not sensitive to the novelty of the instructions. Therefore, we conclude that the implementation of verbal instructions results from an interplay of a brain areas that represent novel rulelike information in domain general terms and brain areas that are specific to S–R rules. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Performance of the Aspartate Aminotransferase-to-Platelet Ratio Index for the Staging of Hepatitis C-Related Fibrosis: An Updated Meta-Analysis §Δ
Authors: Lin Zhong-Hua , Xin Yong-Ning , Dong Quan-Jiang , Wang Qing , Jiang Xiang-Jun , Zhan Shu-Hui , Sun Ying , Xuan Shi-Ying 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

The aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), a tool with limited expense and widespread availability, is a promising noninvasive alternative to liver biopsy for detecting hepatic fibrosis. The objective of this study was to update the 2007 meta-analysis to systematically assess the accuracy of APRI in predicting significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis stage in hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected and HCV / human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfected individuals. Studies comparing APRI versus biopsy in HCV patients were identified via a thorough literature search. Areas under summary receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were used to examine the APRI accuracy for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Heterogeneity was explored using meta-regression. Twenty-one additional studies were eligible for the update and, in total, 40 studies were included in this review (n = 8,739). The summary AUROC of the APRI for the diagnosis of significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis were 0.77, 0.80, and 0.83, respectively. For significant fibrosis, an APRI threshold of 0.7 was 77% sensitive and 72% specific. For severe fibrosis, a threshold of 1.0 was 61% sensitive and 64% specific. For cirrhosis, a threshold of 1.0 was 76% sensitive and 72% specific. Moreover, we found that the APRI was less accurate for the identification of significant fibrosis, severe fibrosis, and cirrhosis in HIV/HCV coinfected patients.

Conclusion:

Our large meta-analysis suggests that APRI can identify hepatitis C-related fibrosis with a moderate degree of accuracy. Application of this index may decrease the need for staging liver biopsy specimens among chronic hepatitis C patients. (Hepatology 2011)