bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human Resource Management Practices and the Importance of Managers' Perceptions
Authors: Castrogiovanni Gary J. , Garrigos‐Simon Fernando Jose´ , Peris‐Ortiz Marta 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe argue that managers likely differ in the degree to which they accurately perceive the business environment, and that these differences should ultimately be reflected in business outcomes. In 2002, we used industry experts to generate a consensus view concerning the likely impact of the Internet on the international tourism industry. Their perspective was then compared to that of chief executives of small and medium sized hotels. The magnitude of the difference between the consensus view and that of the chief executives was then examined for its association to the strategies used at the hotels, and to various measures of enterprise performance. Among other findings, top managers with the most accurate perceptions tended to adopt strategy that was most strongly related to firm performance. Copyright © 2010 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inaccuracies in assignment of clinical stage for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Reese Adam C. , Sadetsky Natalia , Carroll Peter R. , Cooperberg Matthew R. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Recent data have suggested that clinical T stage is not independently associated with biochemical recurrence of localized prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy. One explanation for this lack of predictive power may be the inaccurate application of staging criteria.METHODS:Data from men in the Cancer of the Prostate Strategic Urologic Research Endeavor (CaPSURE) database with localized prostate cancer (clinical T1‐T2) were analyzed. Correct stage was determined by digital rectal examination (DRE) and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) findings and was compared with the clinical stage reported directly by the practitioner. DRE/TRUS findings and biopsy results were evaluated to determine factors influencing staging errors. The ability of corrected stage to predict biochemical disease recurrence after prostatectomy was assessed using multivariable analysis.RESULTS:Clinical stage was assigned incorrectly in 1370 of 3875 men (35.4%). Errors more commonly resulted in patient downstaging than upstaging (55.1% vs 44.9%; P < .001). Patients with TRUS lesions were more likely to be staged incorrectly than those with abnormal DRE findings (65.8% vs 38.2%; P < .001). Biopsy laterality was found to strongly influence stage assignment. Even after correction of staging errors, there was no association noted between clinical stage and biochemical disease recurrence after radical prostatectomy.CONCLUSIONS:Errors in applying clinical staging criteria for localized prostate cancer are common. TRUS findings are frequently disregarded, and practitioners incorrectly incorporate biopsy results when assigning stage. However, staging errors do not appear to account for the inconsistent reliability of clinical stage in predicting prostate cancer outcomes. These findings further challenge the utility of a DRE‐based and/or TRUS‐based staging system for risk assessment of localized prostate cancer.Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Comparison of convergence and stability properties for the state and output solutions of neural networks
Authors: Marco Mauro Di , Forti Mauro , Grazzini Massimo , Pancioni Luca , Premoli Amedeo 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA typical neuron cell is characterized by the state variable and the neuron output, which is obtained by passing the state through a nonlinear active device implementing the neuron activation. The paper introduces a wide class of neural networks for which the state solutions and the output solutions enjoy the same convergence and stability properties. The class, which includes as a special case the standard cellular neural networks, is characterized by piecewise‐linear Lipschitz continuous neuron activations, Lipschitz continuous (possibly) high‐order interconnections between neurons and asymptotically stable isolated neuron cells. The paper also shows that if we relax any of the assumptions on the smoothness of the neuron activations or interconnecting structure, or on the stability of the isolated neuron cells, then the equivalence between the convergence properties of the state solutions and the output solutions is in general no longer guaranteed. To this end, three relevant classes of neural networks in the literature are considered, where each class violates one of the assumptions made in the paper, and it is shown that the state solutions of the networks enjoy stronger convergence properties with respect to the output solutions or viceversa. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Histologic follow‐up of nondiagnostic thyroid fine needle aspirations: Implications for adequacy criteria
Authors: Renshaw Andrew A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThere is limited histologic follow‐up for adequacy criteria in thyroid fine needle aspirations.We correlated the number of benign follicular cells in nondiagnostic aspirates (excluding atypical and Hurthle cells) and the results of histologic follow‐up.A total of 170 cases with only benign follicular cells were reviewed. The sensitivity and specificity for 60 benign follicular cells was 97% and 42%. If the threshold for adequacy was lowered to 10 cells, the specificity of a benign diagnosis increased significantly (42% to 50%, P < 0.001) without a significant change in sensitivity (97% to 96%, P = 0.45). An additional 63 cases were diagnosed as adequate with three false negative cases. Lowering the threshold to 30 cells had no change in sensitivity (97%), increased specificity to 45% but this was not significant (P = 0.08). An additional 26 aspirates could be diagnosed as adequate without any false negative cases.Histologic follow‐up suggests that the current criteria for adequacy can be lowered to improve specificity while retaining excellent sensitivity. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012;40:E13–E15. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CSF cytology—the ongoing dilemma to distinguish neoplastic and inflammatory lymphocytes
Authors: Perske Christina , Nagel Ingelore , Nagel Holger , Strik Herwig 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTo evaluate different morphological criteria for the distinction between inflammatory and neoplastic lymphocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Forty‐two cytospin preparations of CSF from patients with confirmed CSF involvement by aggressive B‐cell lymphoma or acute leukemia were compared with 26 samples of inflammatory diseases. CSF cytology was analyzed morphologically for preselected parameters of cell, cytoplasm and nucleic appearance, and the presence of mitoses or apoptoses. None of the evaluated parameters sharply discerns neoplastic and inflammatory changes. However, neoplastic cells were significantly larger. Moreover, irregular shape and pointed borders of the cytoplasm, and deep notches in the nucleus were significantly more frequent in neoplastic than in inflammatory lymphocytes. No single parameter is sufficient to detect neoplastic lymphocytes. Considering a combination of cell size and irregular shape of cell and nucleus, however, may improve the diagnostic accuracy of CSF dissemination by aggressive hematological malignancies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration of metastatic alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma to the pancreas with fluorescence in situ hybridization: A case report
Authors: Trujillo Andrea J. , Gopez Evelyn V. , Collins Brian T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAlveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is a rare tumor in adults. Cytologic diagnosis of metastatic ARMS to the pancreas diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) has been reported rarely in the literature. A 20‐year‐old male with a history of ARMS in the right maxillary sinus resected one year earlier and pancreatitis treated two months earlier, presented on routine follow‐up. Abdominal positron electron tomography‐CT scan revealed a mass in the pancreas and fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the left paraaortic lymph node. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen showed a 3.6 × 6.4 cm mass in the tail of the pancreas. EUS‐FNA was performed using a 22‐gauge needle. Cytologic criteria and immunohistochemistry in the smears were analyzed. A diagnosis consistent with metastatic ARMS was rendered. Subsequent FISH analysis of the case and histologic review of the primary tumor supported the final diagnosis. A diagnosis of metastatic ARMS to the pancreas can be made by EUS‐FNA. FISH can be used as an ancillary technique in diagnosing the tumor. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytological cell blocks: Predictors of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma subtypes
Authors: Loukeris Kristina , Vazquez Madeline F. , Sica Gabriel , Wagner Patrick , Yankelevitz David F. , Henschke Claudia I. , Cham Matthew D. , Saqi Anjali 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFine needle aspirations biopsies, CT‐guided and endobronchial ultrasound‐guided, as a mode of diagnosing and/or staging lung carcinoma, are becoming more frequent. Also, there is greater necessity for classification of lung cancers into subcategories of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma for appropriate management. Cytomorphology, based on smears alone, allows this classification in many instances. The aim of the current study was to explore the potential of cell blocks to increase the specificity of diagnosis. The morphological characteristics of sixty‐two lung carcinomas were examined. Less well‐differentiated squamous cell carcinomas were more readily classified as such on cell blocks. Likewise, cell block sections with architectural patterns including strips of cells, papillae and nests of cells correlated with bronchioalveolar, papillary and acinar/mixed subtypes of adenocarcinoma on follow‐up histology. In conclusion, cell blocks provide additional morphological clues and material for ancillary studies for classification of lung carcinomas. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tumor type and single‐cell/mesothelial‐like cell pattern of breast carcinoma metastases in pleural and peritoneal effusions
Authors: Antic Tatjana , Gong Yun , Sneige Nour 
Published: November 2010

AbstractInvasive ductal and lobular breast carcinomas often have different preferred metastasis sites and distinct histomorphologic characteristics. Their metastatic cytomorphologic cell features in body cavity fluids are generally readily recognized, but the single‐cell/mesothelial‐like pattern and its relationship to the primary tumor type have not been well studied, nor whether metastases have a propensity for certain body cavity sites on the basis of the primary tumor type. To further assess the tumor type and single‐cell pattern of breast carcinoma metastases in pleural and peritoneal effusions, we retrospectively studied 853 pleural and peritoneal effusions and correlated the findings with the primary tumor type. When necessary, the single‐ cell/mesothelial‐like pattern was documented immunohistochemically. Metastatic breast carcinomas represented 249 (50.8%) of 490 pleural and 51 (14.0%) of 363 peritoneal effusions. Most metastases in pleural and peritoneal effusions were ductal carcinomas (92.4% and 62.7%, respectively). Lobular carcinoma accounted for only 2 (0.8%) of 249 pleural and 11 (21.6%) of 51 peritoneal effusions. The single‐cell/mesothelial‐like cell pattern was found in all lobular carcinomas but also in 11 (6.0%) of 184 reviewed ductal carcinomas (nine pleural and two peritoneal). Awareness of these findings and the use of immunohistochemical analyses are necessary for accurately diagnosing metastatic breast carcinoma, especially lobular type. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IMP3 immunocytochemical staining increases sensitivity in the routine cytologic evaluation of biliary brush specimens
Authors: Hart Jesse , Parab Meena , Mandich Daniza , Cartun Richard W. , Ligato Saverio 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBiliary brush cytology is an important diagnostic tool in the evaluation of biliary strictures. Here, we evaluated 64 patients with biliary strictures who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with bile duct brushings. We assessed the utility of combining routine Papanicolaou‐stained cytologic evaluation with immunocytochemical expression of insulin‐like growth factor mRNA‐binding protein‐3 (IMP3). Definitive diagnoses were obtained via tissue resection/autopsy, biopsy, fine needle aspiration, or clinical progression of disease. Thirty‐nine of the 64 patients were ultimately diagnosed with malignancy. The sensitivity of routine cytology for the detection of malignancy was 33.3%, immunocytochemical‐IMP3 expression was 64.1%, and the combined sensitivity was 71.8%. The specificity of each method was 100%. The sensitivity of IMP3 immunocytochemical staining in the detection of malignancy in biliary brushings was superior to routine PAP‐stained cytologic evaluation. Moreover, the combined use of biliary brushing cytology and IMP3 immunohistochemistry proved superior to the use of either method alone. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Urine cytology of micropapillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder
Authors: Sakuma Takahiko , Furuta Michiko , Mimura Akihiro , Tanigawa Naoto , Takamizu Ryuichi , Kawano Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA case of micropapillary carcinoma (MPC) of urinary bladder is presented, in which the urine smear was studied in detail in an attempt to better characterize the cytologic findings of MPC. When the voided urine was examined in low power, cancer cells were scattered in the specimens as compact papillary/spheroidal clusters composed of pleomorphic cancer cells. Solitary carcinoma cells were occasionally observed. High power view of the smear revealed that the papillae/spheroids consisted of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma cells. The cancer cells had pleomorphic nuclei with coarsely granular chromatin and thickened, irregular nuclear membrane, and thick cytoplasm. Histologically, the tumor in the resected bladder appeared as small nests with surrounding hallo both in the luminal surface and in the site of wall involvement. These tightly bound papillary/spheroidal clusters comprised of highly atypical cancer cells were the most specific cytologic finding in the urine of MPC, which were considered as a key diagnostic clue of MPC. The background of the urine smear showed numerous granulocytes and bacilli compatible with cystitis, which is a previously known complication of MPC. Differential diagnoses of MPC from those with pertinent cytologic findings such as conventional UC (including glandular differentiation), and primary/secondary adenocarcinoma of urinary bladder are discussed with a brief review of literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytopathologic characteristics and differential diagnostic considerations of neuroglial heterotopia of the retropharyngeal space
Authors: Hayashi Toshitetsu , Haba Reiji , Kushida Yoshio , Kadota Kyuichi , Katsuki Naomi , Bando Kenji , Miyai Yumi , Shibuya Shinsuke , Matsunaga Toru 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNeuroglial heterotopias (NGH) are rare congenital head and neck lesions composed of differentiated neuroectodermal tissue and representing developmental heterotopias rather than true neoplasms. The case of a male neonate with respiratory distress and early feeding problems depicting a retropharyngeal space mass which in the intraoperative squash smears revealed glial cells with multiple cytoplasmic processes is reported here. Small clusters of cuboidal epithelial cells with rosette‐like ependymal structures and cuboidal cells arranged in sheets or branching folds suggestive of choroid plexus cells were also identified. Through this cytological approach a cytologic diagnosis of a NGH or low‐grade astrocytoma was suggested. Further evaluation and immunohistochemical studies were conducted on formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded material. Glial cells, ependymal structures and choroid plexus were identified on H&E sections. Immunohistochemically, the glial cells showed diffuse and strong cytoplasmic staining for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S‐100 protein and focal immunoreactivity for synaptophysin and neurofilament. The proliferative index with MIB‐1 was around 4%. The diagnosis of NGH of the retropharyngeal space was confirmed based on the clinical, cytopathologic, histopathology, immunohistochemical results, and the location of the tumor. We demonstrated here for the first time the cytopathological features of NGH of the retropharyngeal space with emphasis on differential diagnostic considerations. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low cost‐effectiveness of CD3/CD20 immunostains for initial triage of lymphoid‐rich effusions: An evidence‐based review of the utility of these stains in selecting cases for full hematopathologic workup
Authors: Walts Ann E. , Marchevsky Alberto M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCD3/CD20 immunostains are often performed in the initial cytological evaluation of lymphoid‐rich pleural effusions (LR‐PE). Most benign LR‐PE are predominantly composed of T(CD3+) cells while most malignant LR‐PE are of B(CD20+) cell lineage. As part of the effort to contain laboratory costs and improve diagnostic accuracy, there is increasing interest in applying principles of evidence‐based pathology to the use of immunostains. In this retrospective study, we reviewed the effectiveness of CD3/CD20 immunostains as a diagnostic or triage tool during the initial evaluation of 258 consecutive LR‐PE. 196 (76%) of the LR‐PE were ultimately diagnosed as reactive lymphocytosis and 62 (24%) as lymphoma/leukemia (L/L). There was a previous diagnosis of L/L, concurrent diagnostic tissue, and/or clinical evidence of L/L in 44 (71%) of the L/L effusions. An initial diagnosis of L/L was made in the remaining 18 (29%) cases. Sixteen of these 18 cases showed large cells with high‐grade features that mandated L/L workup. In only 2 (0.8%) of the 258 LR‐PE, CD3/CD20 stains were helpful to identify small cell lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) in patients without concurrent peripheral lymphocytosis. CD3/CD20 immunostains do not appear to provide a cost‐effective method to diagnose or triage the vast majority of LR‐PE submitted to a clinical cytology laboratory. An algorithm that considers history, blood counts, and cytomorphology allows for cost‐effective selection of LR‐PE that warrant comprehensive hematopathologic workup. Our findings underscore the feasibility of applying evidence‐based principles to develop guidelines for the cost‐effective utilization of immunostains in cytology. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cytologic findings in two cases of dermoid cysts with malignant transformation
Authors: Mensi David W. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWhile dermoid cysts are fairly commonly seen in the surgical pathology practice, rarely is the malignant transformation of dermoid cysts seen. Even rarer still is the cytopathologic report of this manifestation. In both of these case reports, the diagnosis of the malignant transformation of a dermoid cyst was made only after the initial cytologic diagnosis of malignancy had been reported and further investigation identified the source of the malignant cells. Unfortunately in both of these cases, the disease was detected at an advanced stage. To my knowledge and with a thorough literature search, the first case will be the first reported case of an adenocarcinoma in a dermoid cyst present in a Pap smear as the initial diagnosis. While the second case of malignant melanoma in a dermoid has been reported in ascitic fluid, such reports are rare. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Far From Solved: A Perspective on What We Know About Early Mechanisms of Left–Right Asymmetry
Authors: Vandenberg Laura N. , Levin Michael 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe frog embryo knows its left from its right as early as the first cell cleavage. Here, at the 2‐cell stage, one blastomere was injected with the fluorescent dye Oregon Green, while the other blastomere was injected with Rhodamine. The resulting pattern in the mature tadpole reveals the concordance of the first cell division with the midplane of the bilaterally‐symmetric vertebrate body‐plan. From Vandenberg and Levin et al., Developmental Dynamics 239:3131–3146, 2010.
Potential plant species distribution in the Yellow River Delta under the influence of groundwater level and soil salinity
Authors: Fan Xiaomei , Pedroli Bas , Liu Gaohuan , Liu Hongguang , Song Chuangye , Shu Longcang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article describes a multidisciplinary approach to assessing potential vegetation types. The relation between vegetation distribution as derived from field survey and habitat characteristics in the Yellow River Delta (YRD) was analyzed using detrended canonical correspondence analysis (DCCA). The three‐dimensional groundwater numerical simulation model MODFLOW yielded an accurate distribution of the shallow groundwater table within the study area. Groundwater table and soil salinity appeared to have the largest influence on the distribution patterns of specific indicator species. The quantitative relationships between species presence and environmental factors were further explored using logistic regression, allowing for the prediction of potential species distribution in relation to fluctuations in groundwater depth and soil salinity. Based on this, potential distribution maps for specific plant species and their communities were generated using ArcGIS. The potential vegetation map was compared to the actual vegetation map (interpreted from SPOT imagery), which leads to a discussion of the main factors responsible for fragmentation and degradation of the local vegetation system. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Biohydrology: coupling biology and soil hydrology from pores to landscapes
Authors: Hallett Paul D. , Lichner L'ubomír , Cerdà Artemi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe articles in this issue are a selection of the presentations made at the 2nd International Conference of Biohydrology. This special issue ‘Biohydrology—coupling biology and soil hydrology from pores to landscapes’ contains a range of articles on biological and hydrological interactions in soil, including large‐scale systems research on the influence of forests on catchments and small‐scale reductionist research on processes operating at the scale of soil pores. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.