bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digital resources for surgical and restorative treatment of excessive gingival display in one session
Authors: Giordani Gustavo , Ottoboni Thiago , Ottoboni Gustavo , Martini Carolina Andognini , Almeida Gabriela , Falacho Rui I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis article aims to showcase the implementation of a digital workflow in addressing a case of multifactorial excessive gingival display in a patient with high esthetic demands, incorporating both surgical and restorative interventions in a single session.Clinical ConsiderationsA 28‐year‐old female patient presented with excessive gingival display, attributed to a combination of short teeth due to altered passive eruption, lip hyperactivity, and a sub‐nasal depression that lodged the upper lip during spontaneous smiling. The multidisciplinary treatment strategy encompassed surgical crown lengthening, the placement of a biovolume in the maxillary concavity, and the rehabilitation of the six anterior teeth with direct composite resin, all done in a single session. Smilecloud Biometrics was used to digitally plan the smile, and the final wax‐up/mock‐up was approved by the patient prior to any irreversible procedure. A digital planning center (GuiderLab) enabled the materialization of the virtual planning and the printing of the periodontal surgical guide, the biovolume, and the resin layering guides for the restorative technique.ConclusionsAdopting a digital workflow in multidisciplinary cases with excessive gingival display leads to predictable and more expedited outcomes, ensuring a favorable result between soft and hard tissues.Clinical SignificanceExcessive gingival display is a condition with multifactorial etiologies, including dentoalveolar, periodontal, skeletal, or muscular origins, or a combination of these factors. The diagnoses of altered passive eruption and a hypermobile upper lip are common in daily clinical practice and can be successfully managed through surgical crown lengthening and filling of the maxillary concavity, respectively. To achieve the desired outcome, restorative procedures often complement these surgical interventions.
What makes a habitat a home? Habitat associations of juvenile European sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, in estuarine nurseries
Authors: Freeman Howard A. , Hepburn Leanne J. , Taylor Martin I. , Hunter Ewan , Dumbrell Alex J. , Gregson Benjamin H. , Smith Albert J. , Lamphierre Aaron , Cameron Tom C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSelection of nursery habitats by marine fish, such as European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), is poorly understood. Identifying and protecting the full range of juvenile nursery habitats is vital to supporting resilient fish populations and economically important fisheries. We examined how the condition, stomach fullness, and diet of juvenile European sea bass, along with their abundance, differ at high or low tide between the following estuarine habitats: saltmarsh, oyster reefs, shingle, sand, and mud edge habitats. Using a combination of fyke and seine netting we found no difference in sea bass abundance or condition across high‐tide habitats, suggesting that rather than differentially selecting between them, juvenile sea bass use all available shallow habitats at high tide. Stomach fullness was significantly higher on saltmarsh and sand compared to mud, and thus these habitats may support better foraging. Dietary DNA metabarcoding revealed that sand and saltmarsh diets mostly comprised Hediste polychaetes, whereas zooplanktonic taxa dominated diets over mud. At low tide, sea bass abundance was highest in shingle and oyster reefs, where stomach fullness and condition were lowest. This may indicate a potential trade‐off between using habitats for foraging and refuge. Although sea bass abundance alone does not capture productivity, the high abundance across all estuarine habitats at high tide suggests that it is important to consider the protection of a mosaic of interconnected habitats to support nursery functions rather than focus on individual habitat types.
Model for optimizing lender's decision on dealing with collateral of defaulted mortgage
Authors: Chiang Shu Ling , Tsai Ming Shann 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we describe a comprehensive model for obtaining a critical gross recovery rate (GRR) for the short sale of a defaulted mortgage. Our model includes the following factors: settlement period, settlement cost, discounted sale/auction price, opportunity cost, failure probability of the short sale, and lender's willingness for the short sale. The results show that using the short sale yields a lower settlement cost, shorter settlement period, but higher loss given default (LGD). The real GRR of a short sale is about 8%–9% less than the critical GRR calculated from our model. This means the lender's willingness for the short sale is high in reality. The sensitivity analyses show that the lender's likelihood of approving a short sale is low if the settlement cost, contract rate, interest rate, and failure probability of the short sale are high. The greater the expected LGD of a foreclosure, the stronger the lender's willingness to approve the short sale. Also, a higher GRR of short sale leads to a lower expected LGD of short sale. This increases the probability of approval for the short sale. Finally, the Home Affordable Foreclosure Alternatives (HAFA) program helped struggling homeowners successfully use a short sale as an alternative to foreclosure, but the HAFA program became less effective as housing prices went up. Our model and analyses should help lenders make the optimal decision about how to efficiently deal with the collateral from a defaulted mortgage to mitigate their LGD.
Orogen‐scale uniformity of recorded granulite facies conditions due to thermal buffering and melt retention
Authors: Diener Johann F. A. , Macey Paul H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGranulite facies metapelitic gneisses collected over a
km exposed area of the Kakamas Domain of the Namaqua–Natal Metamorphic Province in southern Namibia all contain similar garnet–sillimanite–cordierite–biotite–quartz–K‐feldspar–ilmenite
plagioclase
magnetite mineral assemblages. These assemblages are interpreted to have equilibrated at suprasolidus retrograde conditions, and most samples contain distinct biotite‐ or sillimanite‐free peak assemblages. Pseudosection modelling constrains extremely uniform residuum solidus conditions of
kbar and
°C for the entire Kakamas Domain. Estimated peak metamorphic conditions overlap with these but are more smeared out at between 4 and 7 kbar at 760°C to potentially more than 900°C. The uniformity of residuum solidus conditions is not coincidental, but is a consequence of retrograde re‐equilibration due to minor melt retention after peak metamorphism. Re‐equilibration could only stop once all retained melt had crystallized, which required the concomitant growth of a hydrous mineral to account for its H2O component. Biotite is the most stable hydrous mineral in these rocks, such that the residuum
–
conditions in the Kakamas Domain reflect the upper‐
stability of biotite, and also corresponds to the intersection of the well‐known biotite–sillimanite melting reaction that consumed all biotite during prograde metamorphism. The calculated melt fertility of the sample suite indicates that the variable amounts of heat consumed to overcome the latent heat of fusion could have caused a 25°C spread in the peak temperature achieved by the most and least fertile samples. Peak temperature in the Kakamas Domain may have been as much as 100°C higher than residuum solidus conditions for specific samples but cannot be confidently constrained as it is obscured by the effects of both thermal buffering during prograde metamorphism and melt retention during retrograde metamorphism. Both processes are an inescapable part of the evolution of all granulite facies rocks, but their effects are most pronounced in fertile rocks like metapelites that are traditionally the preferred lithology for quantifying the
–
history of exhumed terranes.
Reduction of sleep bruxism events according to contingent electrical stimulus intensity
Authors: Kawahara Shigehito , Kusunoki Takayuki , Arikawa Kaori , Inoue Taro , Kawamoto Akiyo , Takahashi Kazuya , Shimada Akiko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough biofeedback with contingent electrical stimulation (CES) has demonstrated the reduction effect on sleep bruxism (SB), the relationship between the actual applied CES intensity and efficacy remains uncertain.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the reduction of bruxism events and jaw muscle symptoms could vary according to the intensity of CES and in probable sleep bruxers.MethodsTwenty probable sleep bruxers were initially screened for bruxer confirmation based on a 2‐week recording of SB events with a portable electromyography recorder (BUTLER®GrindCare®, GC4). A 3‐week recording was conducted without CES using a GC4, followed by another 3‐week recording with CES. At baseline and before and after the CES (+) session, clinical muscle symptoms were assessed using a 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS). The relationships between the actual applied CES intensity and the number of SB events/hour, as well as the NRS of clinical muscle symptoms, were analysed.ResultsThe actual applied CES intensity was positively correlated with the reduction rate of the number of SB events/hour (R = .643, p = .002), as well as with the reduction rate of NRS for pain, unpleasantness, fatigue, tension and stiffness (R > .500, p < .011).ConclusionHigher CES elicited a more robust reduction in SB events and clinical muscle symptoms, in probable bruxers. Prior to selecting CES biofeedback as a management option for SB, it would be beneficial to assess the tolerance threshold of CES in each bruxer in order to predict the effectiveness of CES in probable sleep bruxers.
Flexural strength of novel glass infiltrated monochrome and multilayer high yttrium oxide containing zirconia upon various sintered cooling rates
Authors: Uasuwan Pithiwat , Juntavee Niwut , Juntavee Apa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe sintering technique and cooling strategy influence the strength of zirconia. This study examined the impact of altering the cooling rate of glass‐infiltrated monolayer and multilayer 5 mol% yttria‐partially stabilized zirconia (5Y‐PSZ) on their strength.Materials and MethodsOne‐hundred eighty (180) specimens (width × length × thickness = 10 × 20 × 2 mm) were prepared using monolayer (Mo: Cercon‐xt) and multilayer (Mu: Cercon‐xt ML) 5Y‐PSZ. Randomly distributed specimens (n = 15/group) were sintered with traditional (T) versus glass infiltrated (G) technique and cooled down with different cooling rates: slow (S: 5°C/min), normal (N: 35°C/min), and fast (F: 70°C/min). Four‐point bending test was used to measure flexural strength (σ). Microstructures were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Three‐way ANOVA and Tamhane comparisons were determined for a significant difference of σ (p < 0.05). Weibull analysis was determined for Weibull modulus (m).ResultsThe highest σ (MPa) was seen for GMuS (696.8 ± 69.8). Mo‐PSZ and Mu‐PSZ showed no significant difference in σ. G‐sintering presented significantly higher σ (659.9 ± 79.3) than T‐sintering (426.0 ± 63.7). S‐cooling (560.9 ± 126.1) had the highest σ. The highest m‐value was observed in GMuN (12.1 ± 3.8). A significant difference in σ was indicated due to cooling rates and sintering techniques (p < 0.05).ConclusionsGlass infiltration significantly enhanced strength through elastic gradience. F‐cooling reduced grain size, impaired grain boundary integration, and increased the tetragonal to monoclinic phase transition, significantly decreasing flexural strength in traditional sintering. Nevertheless, F‐cooling was recommended for glass‐infiltrated 5Y‐PSZ to enhance strength while reducing processing time.
The gender gap in lifetime earnings: A microsimulation approach
Authors: Glaubitz Rick , Harnack‐Eber Astrid , Wetter Miriam 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo obtain a more complete understanding of the persisting gender earnings gap in Germany, this paper investigates both the cross‐sectional and lifetime dimension of gender inequalities. Based on a dynamic microsimulation model, we analyse how gender differences accumulate over work lives to examine the lifetime dimension of the gender gap. We estimate an average gender gap in lifetime earnings of 51.5 per cent for birth cohorts 1964–72. We show that this unadjusted gender lifetime earnings gap increases strongly with the number of children, ranging from 17.3 per cent for childless women to 68.0 per cent for women with three or more children. Results from a counterfactual analysis approach show an adjusted gender gap in lifetime earnings of around 10 per cent, suggesting that the gender gap in lifetime earnings is rather driven by gender differences in observable characteristics than by differences in rewards.
Obsolescence and abortive innovations in variationist approaches to language change
Authors: Brook Marisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe focus of most variationist studies of linguistic change to date has been the emergence and increase of new forms. The opposing process—obsolescence, or the decline and loss of older variants—is less well understood. Addressing several calls for more attention to be paid to obsolescence and its properties, this article surveys case studies mostly from English and French and suggests generalisations. Obsolescence, for many reasons, is a very long process. While the linguistic factors influencing an obsolescent form often become unpredictable, the social meaning and/or pragmatic effects associated with it may strengthen rather than weaken. A special subset of obsolescent forms are abortive innovations—those that begin by increasing, but then disappear suddenly. The notion that an abortive innovation is always a subcomponent of a two‐step innovation, otherwise successful, applies straightforwardly to several case studies identified in the variationist literature in recent years.
Biochemical and nanotechnological approaches to combat phytoparasitic nematodes
Authors: Opdensteinen Patrick , Charudattan Raghavan , Hong Jason C. , Rosskopf Erin N. , Steinmetz Nicole F. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe foundation of most food production systems underpinning global food security is the careful management of soil resources. Embedded in the concept of soil health is the impact of diverse soil‐borne pests and pathogens, and phytoparasitic nematodes represent a particular challenge. Root‐knot nematodes and cyst nematodes are severe threats to agriculture, accounting for annual yield losses of US$157 billion. The control of soil‐borne phytoparasitic nematodes conventionally relies on the use of chemical nematicides, which can have adverse effects on the environment and human health due to their persistence in soil, plants, and water. Nematode‐resistant plants offer a promising alternative, but genetic resistance is species‐dependent, limited to a few crops, and breeding and deploying resistant cultivars often takes years. Novel approaches for the control of phytoparasitic nematodes are therefore required, those that specifically target these parasites in the ground whilst minimizing the impact on the environment, agricultural ecosystems, and human health. In addition to the development of next‐generation, environmentally safer nematicides, promising biochemical strategies include the combination of RNA interference (RNAi) with nanomaterials that ensure the targeted delivery and controlled release of double‐stranded RNA. Genome sequencing has identified more than 75 genes in root knot and cyst nematodes that have been targeted with RNAi so far. But despite encouraging results, the delivery of dsRNA to nematodes in the soil remains inefficient. In this review article, we describe the state‐of‐the‐art RNAi approaches targeting phytoparasitic nematodes and consider the potential benefits of nanotechnology to improve dsRNA delivery.
Probiotic use in pediatric kidney transplant recipients: What are current practices, and are they evidence‐based? A pediatric nephrology research consortium study
Authors: Kizilbash S. J. , Connolly H. , Bartosh S. , Zahr R. , Al‐Akash S. , Chishti A. , Mansuri A. , Tawadrous H. , Jain N. G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundProbiotics are living microorganisms that may confer health benefits to their host if administered in sufficient quantities. However, data on the use of probiotics in transplant recipients are scarce.MethodThis multi‐center survey of pediatric nephrologists aimed to examine variations in practice regarding the use of probiotics in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The survey was conducted via a 10‐item questionnaire (developed in Survey Monkey) administered to pediatric nephrologists participating in the Pediatric Nephrology Research Consortium meeting in April 2023.ResultsSixty‐four pediatric nephrologists completed the survey. Twenty‐seven (42.2%) respondents reported having prescribed probiotics to pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The primary reason for probiotic use was the treatment of antibiotic‐associated diarrhea (n = 20), with other reasons including recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (n = 15), general gut health promotion (n = 12), recurrent urinary tract infections (n = 8), and parental request (n = 1). Of those who prescribed probiotics, 48.1% held them during periods of neutropenia and 14.8% during central venous line use. Of the 64 respondents, 20 reported the lack of safety data as a concern for using probiotics in kidney transplant recipients.ConclusionPediatric nephrologists are increasingly prescribing probiotics to pediatric kidney transplant recipients; nevertheless, substantial practice variations exist. The paucity of safety data is a significant deterrent to probiotic use in this population.
Conventional diagnostic criteria for periodontal diseases (plaque‐induced gingivitis and periodontitis)
Authors: Heitz‐Mayfield Lisa J. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis narrative review addresses conventional diagnostic criteria used in clinical practice to discriminate between periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Visual examination of the color and texture of the periodontal tissues, assessment of plaque deposits, periodontal probing assessments, and diagnostic imaging enable the collation of information to make a periodontal diagnosis, followed by an appropriate treatment plan. The periodontal probe is an essential diagnostic tool to assess probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and the degree of furcation involvement at multirooted teeth. When clinical signs and symptoms of periodontitis are identified, diagnostic imaging enables evaluation of the level and extent of bone destruction and bone defect morphology. The diagnostic process requires clinicians who are trained to evaluate, record, and interpret these measures. This narrative review focuses on conventional clinical diagnostic parameters which, despite their limitations, are considered the current standard of care.
Molecular phylogeny of the marine diatom genus Druehlago (Bacillariophyceae) from Japan
Authors: Sugawara Kazuki , Kamiya Mitsunobu , Osada Keigo , Suzuki Hidekazu 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYThe diatom genus Druehlago was established to differentiate the type species from Craspedostauros and Achnanthes, on the basis of unique heteropolar, cuneate frustules and numerous lenticular plastids. The phylogenetic placement of Druehlago has, until now, relied solely on morphological evidence, suggesting a close relationship with the genus Craspedostauros. In the present study, we discovered a population of Druehlago cf. cuneata along the coast of Japan and established a cultured strain. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on rbcL, psbC and 18S rRNA genes was conducted to explore the phylogenetic position and classification of Druehlago. Our results revealed that D. cf. cuneata belongs to the Craspedostauros clade, but with weak statistical support, which is, in turn, sister to Achnanthes. Given the lack of support for various nodes within the Craspedostauros clade, constrained trees were constructed based on several hypotheses regarding the phylogenetic position of Druehlago. The hypothesis inferring monophyly of Druehlago and Achnanthes was statistically rejected, which highlights the close relationship between Druehlago and Craspedostauros. However, our topology tests provided no further resolution regarding the phylogenetic position of Druehlago within or outside Craspedostauros. Furthermore, the treatment of the specimens is discussed through a morphological comparison with the type of material.
Needs analysis of family caregivers of people living with dementia in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta
Authors: Ardiningrum Wikan , Nasrun Martina Wiwie Setiawan , Kusumaningrum Profitasari , Damping Charles Evert 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundWithout appropriate support, taking care of people living with dementia may become a burden for family caregivers. Identifying the needs for caregivers can help them minimise the burden of caring and meet quality care for people living with dementia.MethodsIn the first phase, a content validity test was conducted on the Carers' Needs Assessment of Dementia (CNA‐D) in the Indonesian version. The second phase, a sequential explanatory mixed‐methods design, was conducted on 65 family caregivers in two stages. The first stage was a cross‐sectional study. A correlation test between caregiver problems and caregiver burden was conducted. The caregiver problems that were statistically significant were analyzed to reveal the unmet needs. A needs analysis was also conducted on problems experienced by more than half of the caregivers. In the second stage, we conducted a semi‐structured individual interview, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the data.ResultsThe result of the validity test of the CNA‐D instrument, Indonesian version, obtained a high value for content validity. The main problem of caregivers is a lack of information about dementia; however, it does not have a significant correlation with caregiver burden. The caregiver problem with the highest correlation to caregiver burden is burnout due to caring. More than 50% of caregivers' needs in Sleman Regency were not met in this research. The most essential needs that were not met were counselling and psychotherapy (83.3%–92%). The personal understanding of dementia, spiritual values in caring, cultural values in caring, barriers to accessing healthcare services, and self‐care strategies should be considered in fulfilling family caregiver needs.ConclusionMost of the needs of family caregivers of people living with dementia in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta, have not been met. Therefore, it requires collaboration with multi‐professionals and all stakeholders to fulfil these needs.