bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are infant siblings teaching us about autism in infancy?
Authors: Rogers Sally J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractInternational research to understand infant patterns of development in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) has recently focused on a research paradigm involving prospective longitudinal studies of infant siblings of children with autism. Such designs use a comparison group of infant siblings without any familial risks (the low‐risk group) to gather longitudinal information about developmental skills across the first 3 years of life, followed by clinical diagnosis of ASD at 36 months. This review focuses on five topics: presence of ASD in the infant sibling groups, patterns and characteristics of motor development, patterns and characteristics of social and emotional development, patterns and characteristics of intentional communication, both verbal and nonverbal, and patterns that mark the onset of behaviors pathognomonic for ASD. Symptoms in all these areas typically begin to be detected during the age period of 12–24 months in infants who will develop autism. Onset of the symptoms occurs at varying ages and in varying patterns, but the pattern of frank loss of skills and marked regression reported from previous retrospective studies in 20–30% of children is seldom reported in these infant sibling prospective studies. Two surprises involve the very early onset of repetitive and unusual sensory behaviors, and the lack of predictive symptoms at the age of 6 months. Contrary to current views that autism is a disorder that profoundly affects social development from the earliest months of life, the data from these studies presents a picture of autism as a disorder involving symptoms across multiple domains with a gradual onset that changes both ongoing developmental rate and established behavioral patterns across the first 2–3 years of life.
Quantification and prediction of skin pharmacokinetics of amoxicillin and cefuroxime
Authors: Shukla Chinmay , Patel Vishal , Juluru Ravi , Stagni Grazia 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe purpose of this project was to develop and validate a pharmacokinetic model and to quantify the rate and extent of distribution between plasma and skin of two β‐lactam antibiotics, amoxicillin (AMX) and cefuroxime (CFX), which are frequently administered systemically to treat skin and skin structure infections. Dosing regimens are usually based on plasma concentration, however, concentrations at the target site are better correlated with the effect. For each antibiotic, three different i.v. bolus doses were administered to three female rabbits according to a randomized cross‐over design and plasma samples were collected serially. Skin concentrations were obtained by continuous microdialysis. Skin and unbound plasma concentrations were fitted simultaneously using a semi‐physiological model and the transfer constants plasma/skin (Kin) and skin/plasma (Kout) were estimated. Kin and Kout were then used to predict skin concentrations from the plasma levels obtained from an oral administration of AMX or from an i.v. bolus of CFX. The predicted skin profiles were similar to those measured by microdialysis during the actual experiments. In conclusion, this study shows that it is possible to generate a reasonable prediction of skin pharmacokinetics from any plasma level once a careful characterization of the transfer process between plasma and skin has been made. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multilevel Mixture Cure Models with Random Effects
Authors: Lai Xin , Yau Kelvin K. W. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper extends the multilevel survival model by allowing the existence of cured fraction in the model. Random effects induced by the multilevel clustering structure are specified in the linear predictors in both hazard function and cured probability parts. Adopting the generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) approach to formulate the problem, parameter estimation is achieved by maximizing a best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) type log‐likelihood at the initial step of estimation, and is then extended to obtain residual maximum likelihood (REML) estimators of the variance component. The proposed multilevel mixture cure model is applied to analyze the (i) child survival study data with multilevel clustering and (ii) chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) data on recurrent infections as illustrations. A simulation study is carried out to evaluate the performance of the REML estimators and assess the accuracy of the standard error estimates.
Haemostatic and fibrinolytic factors in men with a small abdominal aortic aneurysm
Authors: Parry D J , Al-Barjas H S , Chappell L , Rashid T , Ariëns R A S , Scott D J A 
Published: July 2009

Abstract

Background
The presence of an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) independently predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its complications. Levels of plasma markers of fibrin turnover are raised in men with a large AAA (at least 5·5 cm) and predict CVD risk in healthy subjects. This study examined fibrin turnover in men with a small AAA.

Methods
Seventy-five men with a small AAA (30–55 mm) were compared with 90 controls matched for age, sex and race. Haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters were assessed.

Results
Men with a small AAA had higher mean levels of fibrinogen (2·92 versus 2·59 g/l; P = 0·019), thrombin–antithrombin (TAT) complex (4·57 versus 1·89 ng/ml; P &lt; 0·001), prothrombin F1 + 2 (1·13 versus 0·82 ng/ml; P = 0·004) and D-dimer (346·7 versus 120·2 ng/ml; P &lt; 0·001). All markers correlated with maximum aortic diameter determined by ultrasonography. On multivariable regression the association between presence of an AAA and fibrinogen, TAT complex, prothrombin F1 + 2 and D-dimer levels remained significant after adjustment for confounding influences.

Conclusion
Fibrin turnover was increased in these men with a small AAA, independently of concomitant CVD, conventional risk factors and inflammatory markers. Enhanced fibrin turnover may contribute to the risk of cardiac complications in this group.
The concept of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is valid
Authors: Ebata T , Kamiya J , Nishio H , Nagasaka T , Nimura Y , Nagino M 
Published: July 2009

Abstract

Background
The term perihilar cholangiocarcinoma has been used for all tumours involving or requiring resection of the hepatic confluence. However, it does not distinguish between intrahepatic and extrahepatic hilar tumours, and has no clinicopathological basis. This retrospective study examined whether the concept of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is valid clinically.

Methods
Some 250 patients with perihilar cholangiocarcinoma were divided into extrahepatic (EHC, 167 patients) and intrahepatic (IHC, 83) groups based on tumour location. Clinicopathological data were compared between these groups.

Results
Liver, portal vein, venous and lymphatic invasion, and nodal metastasis were more common in IHCs than EHCs, whereas histological grade and incidence of perineural invasion were similar. IHCs were more advanced at the time of surgery; stage III or IV disease was found in 37·7 per cent of EHCs and 59 per cent of IHCs. Survival was marginally better for patients with EHCs than for those with IHCs (29·3 versus 20 per cent at 5 years; P = 0·057), but survival rates were similar for each tumour stage in the American Joint Committee on Cancer classification.

Conclusion
Combining EHC and IHC under the term perihilar cholangiocarcinoma is valid, as these tumours have comparable biological behaviour, with similar clinical management depending on stage and invasion.
Spontaneous rupture of the oesophagus (Br J Surg 2008; 95: 1115–1120)
Authors: Hung Jung-Jyh 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
The Editors welcome topical correspondence from readers relating to articles published in the Journal. Responses should be sent electronically via the BJS website (www.bjs.co.uk). All letters will be reviewed and, if approved, appear on the website. A selection of these will be edited and published in the Journal. Letters must be no more than 250 words in length.
Development and validation of UPLC‐MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of gestodene and ethinyl estradiol in rat plasma
Authors: Xiong Zhili , Sun Xiaohong , Huo Taoguang , Li Ning , Zheng Yan , Sun Yi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractA selective and sensitive ultra‐performance liquid chromatography method with tandem mass spectrometric detection for simultaneous determination of gestodene (GES) and ethinyl estradiol (EE) in rat plasma was developed and validated. GES, EE and the internal standard, norgestrel, were extracted with ethyl acetate, derivatized (EE only) with dansyl chloride and then back‐extracted into diethyl ether‐hexane (2:1, v/v). The separation was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC™ BEH C18 column with gradient elution using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile and water (both containing 0.1% formic acid). The detection was carried out by means of electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry in positive ion mode with multiple‐reaction monitoring. Calibration curves of GES and EE were linear (r2 ≥ 0.99) over the concentration ranges 1.59–159 and 0.196–78.4 ng/mL, respectively. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were not more than 6.9 and 12.9% for GES and 10.6 and 9.0% for EE, and the accuracies were −2.5–8.0% for GES, and −7.2–0.19% for EE, respectively. The method herein described was superior to previous methods and was applicable to the pharmacokinetic study of GES and EE in rats. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generation of augmented video sequences combining behavioral animation and multi‐object tracking
Authors: Baiget Pau , Fernández Carles , Roca Xavier , Gonzàlez Jordi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this paper we present a novel approach to generate augmented video sequences in real‐time, involving interactions between virtual and real agents in real scenarios. On the one hand, real agent motion is estimated by means of a multi‐object tracking algorithm, which determines real objects' position over the scenario for each time step. On the other hand, virtual agents are provided with behavior models considering their interaction with the environment and with other agents. The resulting framework allows to generate video sequences involving behavior‐based virtual agents that react to real agent behavior and has applications in education, simulation, and in the game and movie industries. We show the performance of the proposed approach in an indoor and outdoor scenario simulating human and vehicle agents. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemistry and Biology of Galactofuranose‐Containing Polysaccharides
Authors: Richards Michele R. , Lowary Todd L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe thermodynamically less stable form of galactose—galactofuranose (Galf)—is essential for the viability of several pathogenic species of bacteria and protozoa but absent in this form in mammals, so the biochemical pathways by which Galf‐containing glycans are assembled and catabolysed are attractive sites for drug action. This potential has led to increasing interest in the synthesis of molecules containing Galf residues, their subsequent use in studies directed towards understanding the enzymes that process these residues and the identification of potential inhibitors of these pathways. Major achievements of the past several years have included an in‐depth understanding of the mechanism of UDP‐galactopyranose mutase (UGM), the enzyme that produces UDP‐Galf, which is the donor species for galactofuranosyltransferases. A number of methods for the synthesis of galactofuranosides have also been developed, and practitioners in the field now have many options for the initiation of a synthesis of glycoconjugates containing either α‐ or β‐Galf residues. UDP‐Galf has also been prepared by a number of approaches, and it appears that a chemoenzymatic approach is currently the most viable method for producing multi‐milligram amounts of this important intermediate. Recent advances both in the understanding of the mechanism of UGM and in the synthesis of galactofuranose and its derivatives are highlighted in this review.
Visual imaginative synchrony
Authors: Varga S. Katalin , Varga Katalin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis research examines the concordance process of the visual modality of imaginative activity experienced by interactional partners, the Visual Imaginative Synchrony (VIS). It is proposed that VIS is an interactional synchrony phenomenon which involves a natural form of interpersonal adjustment, involving a harmonizing of imaginative activity which is identifiable by an external observer. Here VIS has been applied in the hypnotic as well as in the waking state. Stimulus words were obtained from a standardized process, and a VIS test applying a combination of drawing and description was developed. This was completed by the participants of the dyads after each of 5 stimulus words. We defined VIS values by the evaluation of the dyads' VIS tests by independent raters. Here we present the results from standardized hypnosis and waking contexts, as well as the relationship of VIS with psychological criteria measured with other tests: Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ), Archaic Involvement Measure (AIM), Phenomenology of Consciousness Inventory (PCI), Dyadic Interaction Harmony Questionnaire (DIH), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). Based on the results we identify a new interactional synchronization phenomenon which can be reliably measured in both waking and hypnotic states. Copyright © 2009 British Society of Experimental & Clinical Hypnosis. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Lithium Zincopyrophosphate, Li2Zn3(P2O7)2.
Authors: Ji Lina , Ma Hongwei , Liang Jingkui 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Phase Transitions in RbBH4 under Compression.
Authors: Kumar Ravhi S. , Cornelius Andrew L. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A Reinvestigation of Luminescence Properties of Bi3+‐Activated MSb2O6 (M: Ca, Sr) Phosphors.
Authors: Xia Yujuan , Huang Fuqiang , Wang Wendeng , Wang Anbao , Shi Jianlin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: High Anion Conductivity in a Ternary Non‐equilibrium Phase of BaF2 and CaF2 with Mixed Cations.
Authors: Ruprecht B. , Wilkening M. , Feldhoff A. , Steuernagel S. , Heitjans P. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Low Temperature Physical Properties of Ba8Cu6Ge40.
Authors: Zhang Hui , Zhao Jing‐Tai , Tang Mei‐Bo , Man Zhen‐Yong , Chen Hao‐Hong , Yang Xin‐Xin 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Electrical Characterization of Li1‐xNbO2 Superconductor with Tc = 14—17 K.
Authors: Xue Zhiyong , Dong Aifeng , Guo Yongquan , Che Guangchan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Electrochemical Study of Lithium Insertion into Cr5‐yTiySe8 (y = 1, 2, 3, 4, 4.5) Beyond the Intercalation Limit.
Authors: Indris Sylvio , Wontcheu Joseph , Bensch Wolfgang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Dioxygen and Water Activation Processes on Multi‐Ru‐Substituted Polyoxometalates: Comparison with the “Blue‐Dimer” Water Oxidation Catalyst
Authors: Kuznetsov Aleksey E. , Geletii Yurii V. , Hill Craig L. , Morokuma Keiji , Musaev Djamaladdin G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting under Visible Light Using ATaO2N (A: Ca, Sr, Ba) and WO3 in a IO3‐/I‐ Shuttle Redox Mediated System.
Authors: Higashi Masanobu , Abe Ryu , Takata Tsuyoshi , Domen Kazunari 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Neutron Structural, X‐Ray Powder and Vibrational Studies of the Mixed Solid Solution Rubidium Ammonium Sulfate Tellurate.
Authors: Ktari L. , Dammak M. , Kolsi A. W. , Cousson A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Sr5Al5+xSi21‐xN35‐x O2+x:Eu2+ (x ≈ 0) — A Novel Green Phosphor for White‐Light pcLEDs with Disordered Intergrowth Structure.
Authors: Oeckler Oliver , Kechele Juliane A. , Koss Hans , Schmidt Peter J. , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Two Gallium Antimony Sulfides Built on a Novel Heterometallic Cluster.
Authors: Feng Mei‐Ling , Xie Zai‐Lai , Huang Xiao‐Ying 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: New Polar Oxides: Synthesis, Characterization, Calculations, and Structure—Property Relationships in RbSe3V3O12 and TlSe3V3O12.
Authors: Chang Hong Young , Kim Sang‐Hwan , Ok Kang Min , Halasyamani P. Shiv 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Polyoxometalate‐Templated Mo/V‐Oxide‐Based Organic—Inorganic Hybrid Framework with a Honeycomb‐Like Structure.
Authors: Dai Li‐Mei , You Wan‐Sheng , Li Yang‐Guang , Wang En‐Bo , Huang Cui‐Ying 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Trinity of Polyoxometalates: Connecting {M12} Keggin and {M18} Dawson Clusters to Triangles.
Authors: Mitchell Scott G. , Khanra Sumit , Miras Haralampos N. , Boyd Thomas , Long De‐Liang , Cronin Leroy 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrooxidation of Alcohols in N‐Oxyl‐Immobilized Silica Gel/Water Disperse System: Approach to Totally Closed System.
Authors: Kuroboshi Manabu , Goto Kentaro , Tanaka Hideo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Addition of Heteroaryl Cyclic Triolborate to α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Qiang , Yamamoto Yasunori , Miyaura Norio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Method for the Rapid Reduction of Alkenes and Alkynes Using Sodium Borohydride, Acetic Acid, and Palladium.
Authors: Tran Anthony T. , Huynh Vincent A. , Friz Emily M. , Whitney Sara K. , Cordes David B. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: An Improved Bouveault—Blanc Ester Reduction with Stabilized Alkali Metals.
Authors: Bodnar Brian S. , Vogt Paul F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.