bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial-adipocyte Cx43 Mediated Gap Junctions Can Regulate Adiposity
Authors: Luse Melissa A , Dunaway Luke S , Nyshadham Shruthi , Carvalho Alicia , Sedovy Meghan W , Ruddiman Claire A , Tessema Rachel , Hirschi Karen , Johnstone Scott R , Isakson Brant E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Obesity is a multifactorial metabolic disorder associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Adipose capillary adipose endothelial cells (CaECs) plays a crucial role in lipid transport and storage. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying CaEC-adipocyte interaction and its impact on metabolic function. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) revealed an enrichment of fatty acid handling machinery in CaECs from high fat diet (HFD) mice, suggesting their specialized role in lipid metabolism. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed direct heterocellular contact between CaECs and adipocytes. To model this, we created an in vitro co-culture transwell system to model the heterocellular contact observed with TEM. Contact between ECs and adipocytes in vitro led to upregulation of fatty acid binding protein 4 in response to lipid stimulation, hinting intercellular signaling may be important between ECs and adipocytes. We mined our and others scRNAseq datasets to examine which connexins may be present in adipose capillaries and adipocytes and consistently identified connexin 43 (Cx43) in mouse and humans. Genetic deletion of endothelial Cx43 resulted in increased epididymal fat pad (eWAT) adiposity and dyslipidemia in HFD mice. Consistent with this observation, phosphorylation of Cx43 at serine 368, which closes gap junctions, was increased in HFD mice and lipid-treated ECs. Mice resistant to this post-translational modification, Cx43S368A, were placed on an HFD and were found to have reduced eWAT adiposity and improved lipid profiles. These findings suggest Cx43-mediated heterocellular communication as a possible regulatory mechanism of adipose tissue function.
Health care cost accounting in the Indian hospital sector
Authors: Chugh Yashika , Sharma Shuchita , Mehndiratta Abha , Sharma Deepshikha , Garg Basant , Prinja Shankar , Guinness Lorna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Setting reimbursement rates in national insurance schemes requires robust cost data. Collecting provider-generated cost accounting information is a potential mechanism for improving the cost evidence. To inform strategies for obtaining cost data to set reimbursement rates, this analysis aims to describe the role of cost accounting in public and private health sectors in India and describe the importance, perceived barriers and facilitators to improving cost accounting systems. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 key informants. The interview tool guide was informed by a review of published and grey literature and government websites. The interviews were recorded as both audio and video and transcribed. A thematic coding framework was developed for the analysis. Multiple discussions were held to add, delete, classify or merge the themes. The themes identified were as follows: the status of cost accounting in the Indian hospital sector, legal and regulatory requirements for cost reporting, challenges to implementing cost accounting and recommendations for improving cost reporting by health care providers. The findings indicate that the sector lacks maturity in cost accounting due to a lack of understanding of its benefits, limited capacity and weak enforcement of cost reporting regulations. Providers recognize the value of cost analysis for investment decisions but have mixed opinions on the willingness to gather and report cost information, citing resource constraints and a lack of trust in payers. Additionally, heterogeneity among providers will require tailored approaches in developing cost accounting reporting frameworks and regulations. Health care cost accounting systems in India are rudimentary with a few exceptions, raising questions about how to source these data sustainably. Strengthening cost accounting systems in India will require standardized data formats, integrated into existing data management systems, that both meet the needs of policy makers and are acceptable to hospital providers.
Integrated analysis revealing novel associations between dietary patterns and the immune system in older adults
Authors: Conway Jessica , Acharjee Animesh , Duggal Niharika A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the expanding ageing population, there is a growing interest in the maintenance of immune health to support healthy ageing. Enthusiasm exists for unravelling the impact of diet on the immune system and its therapeutic potential. However, a key challenge is the lack of studies investigating the effect of dietary patterns and nutrients on immune responses. Thus, we have used an integrative analysis approach to improve our understanding of diet–immune system interactions in older adults. To do so, dietary data were collected in parallel with performing immunophenotyping and functional assays from healthy older (n = 40) participants. Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was utilised to derive food group intake and multi-colour flow cytometry was performed for immune phenotypic and functional analysis. Spearman correlation revealed the strength of association between all combinations of dietary components, micronutrients, and hallmarks of immunesenescence. In this study, we propose for the first time that higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a positive immune-ageing trajectory (Lower IMM-AGE score) in older adults due to the immune protective effects of high dietary fibre and PUFA intake in combating accumulation or pro-inflammatory senescent T cells. Furthermore, a diet rich in Vit A, Vit B6 and Vit B12 is associated with fewer features of immunesenescence [such as accumulation of terminally differentiated memory CD8 T cells] in older adults. Based on our findings we propose a future nutrition-based intervention study evaluating the efficacy of adherence to the MED diet alongside a multi-nutrient supplementation on immune ageing in older adults to set reliable dietary recommendations with policymakers that can be given to geriatricians and older adults.
Insight box: There is a growing interest in the maintenance of immune health to boost healthy ageing. However, a key challenge is the lack of studies investigating the effect of dietary patterns and nutrients on immune responses. Thus, to do so we collected dietary data in parallel with performing immunophenotyping and functional assays on healthy older (n = 40) participants, followed by an integrative analysis approach to improve our understanding of diet–immune system interactions in older adults. We strongly believe that these new findings are appropriate for IB and will be of considerable interest to its broad audience.
Exploring the Landscape of UX Subjective Evaluation Tools and UX Dimensions: A Systematic Literature Review (2010–2021)
Authors: Mortazavi Ehsan , Doyon-Poulin Philippe , Imbeau Daniel , Taraghi Mitra , Robert Jean-Marc 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The quality of the User Experience (UX) with systems, products and services is now considered an indispensable part of success in the market. Users' expectations have increased in such a way that mere usability is no longer sufficient. While numerous UX subjective evaluation tools exist, there is little guidance on how to select or use these tools. Therefore, there is a need to provide a critical state of the art on the topic of subjective evaluation tools and the UX dimensions covered. In this study, we conducted a systematic literature review on UX subjective evaluation tools and the UX dimensions covering the period of 2010–2021 with an initial sample of 3831 publications, 325 of which were selected for the final analysis, to provide researchers and practitioners with the recent changes in the field of UX. Results showed that 104 different tools are available for UX evaluation, they can be classified as general or domain-specific, applicable for a wide variety of products and in total covering more than 300 UX dimensions. Our categorization of UX dimensions under 13 main dimensions (e.g. usability, utility, hedonic, emotion, sensory, etc.) showed that the informational, social, cognitive and physical dimensions appeared to be less frequently present in current tools. We argue that these four dimensions deserve more space in UX tools. Having a high number of UX evaluation tools can be confusing for evaluators, and they need some guidance for selecting and combining tools. Modularity is the emerging trend in the development of UX evaluation questionnaires (e.g. meCUE, UEQ+), bringing the benefits of being thorough, flexible, easy to use, low-cost and rapid, while avoiding overlapping of dimensions and providing comparability through the use of a similar format and rating scale. Finally, the need for having a comprehensive evaluation tool requires updating the set of included dimensions to accommodate for new generations of products and technologies.
What I Don’t Like about You?: A Systematic Review of Impeding Aspects for the Usage of Conversational Agents
Authors: Hennekeuser Darius , Vaziri Daryoush , Golchinfar David , Stevens Gunnar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The application and use cases for conversational agents (CAs) are versatile. Smart speakers such as Alexa and Google Home are used in smart home environments, digital agents are integrated into car systems and chatbots are increasingly used in customer service processes. However, human–computer interaction researchers identify and investigate a wide-ranging variety of aspects impeding the usage of CAs by end-users. In general, impediments differ depending on use case contexts, user group characteristics and the CA’s technological infrastructure. Hence, it is difficult and often ambiguous for designers and developers to generate an appropriate awareness about aspects impeding CA usage. We address this problem, by conducting a systematic review of 65 publications surveying impeding aspects of the usage of CAs.
Differences in Cardiac Troponin T Composition in Myocardial Infarction and End-Stage Renal Disease Patients: A Blood Tube Effect?
Authors: Vroemen Wim H M , Denessen Ellen J S , van Doorn William P T M , Pelzer Kelly E J M , Hackeng Tilman M , Litjens Elisabeth J R , Henskens Yvonne M C , van der Sande Frank M , Wodzig Will K W H , Kooman Jeroen P , Bekers Otto , de Boer Douwe , Mingels Alma M A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiac troponin T (cTnT) is key in diagnosing myocardial infarction (MI) but is also elevated in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Specific larger cTnT proteoforms were identified for the acute phase of MI, while in serum of ESRD patients solely small cTnT fragments were found. However, others allocated this to a pre-analytic effect due to abundant thrombin generation in serum. Therefore, we investigated the effect of various anticoagulation methods on cTnT composition and concentration and compared the cTnT composition of MI and ESRD patients.

Methods
The agreement of cTnT concentrations between simultaneously collected serum, lithium-heparin (LH) plasma, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma was studied using the high-sensitivity (hs-)cTnT immunoassay. cTnT proteoform composition was investigated in a standardized time-dependent manner through spike experiments and in simultaneously collected blood matrixes of MI and ESRD patients.

Results
Excellent hs-cTnT concentration agreements were observed across all blood matrixes (slopes &gt; 0.98; 95% CI, 0.96–1.04). Time-dependent degradation (40 kDa intact:29 kDa fragment:15 to 18 kDa fragments) was found in LH plasma and EDTA plasma, and serum in ratios (%) of 90:10:0, 0:5:95, and 0:0:100, respectively (48 h after blood collection). Moreover, gel filtration chromatography (GFC) profiles illustrated mainly larger cTnT proteoforms in MI patients, while in ESRD patients mainly 15 to 18 kDa fragments were found for all matrices.

Conclusions
The extent of cTnT degradation in vitro is dependent on the (anti)coagulation method, without impacting hs-cTnT concentrations. Furthermore, mainly larger cTnT proteoforms were present in MI patients, while in ESRD patients mainly small 15 to 18 kDa cTnT fragments were found. These insights are essential when developing a novel hs-cTnT assay targeting larger cTnT proteoforms.
Outcomes of patients admitted with acute, severe ulcerative colitis on biologic therapy: a retrospective analysis from a tertiary referral hospital
Authors: Sabrie Nasruddin , Jogendran Manisha , Jogendran Rohit , Targownik Laura E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
In steroid-refractory acute, severe, ulcerative colitis (ASUC), salvage medical therapy with infliximab is recommended to reduce the risk of colectomy. However, the evidence supporting this practice is based on cohorts naïve to biologics. Consequently, the management of patients on biologic or small molecule therapy (BST) with ASUC is not well defined.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients admitted with ASUC to Mount Sinai Hospital (MSH) in Toronto, Ontario from January 2018 until January 2022. Included subjects were considered to be on BST if they had received a dose of these agents within 56 days prior to admission. Our outcomes of interest included the mean difference in hospital length of stay (HLOS), rates of surgical consultation, rates of inpatient colectomies, and 90-day readmission rates between the 2 groups.

Results
Of the 185 admissions for ASUC, 76 were on BST prior to admission and 109 were not. Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. There were no significant differences in hospital length of stay (7.46 days vs 7.45 days P = .52) or in-hospital colectomy rates between the 2 groups. Patients on BST had higher rates of surgical consultation (36.8% vs 8.3% P &lt; .01) and 90-day readmission rates (26.3% vs 13.8% P = .03).

Conclusions
We did not identify significant differences in the majority of our outcomes between the 2 groups. However, patients on BST were more likely to receive a surgical consultation during their admission and had higher rates of readmission at 90 days. Further studies evaluating the underlying factors that contribute to readmission in patients on BST in hospitals are needed.
scRNA-seq profiling of human granulocytes reveals expansion of developmentally flexible neutrophil precursors with mixed neutrophil and eosinophil properties in asthma
Authors: Haruna Nana-Fatima , Politanska Yuliya , Connelly Andrew R , O’Connor Kathrine , Bhattacharya Sourav , Miklaszewski Grace E , Pérez-Leonor Xóchitl G , Rerko Geddy , Hentenaar Ian T , Nguyen Doan C , Lamothe Molina Pedro Alberto , Bochner Bruce S , Abdala-Valencia Hiam , Gill Michelle A , Lee F Eun-Hyung , Berdnikovs Sergejs 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Neutrophils and eosinophils share common hematopoietic precursors and usually diverge into distinct lineages with unique markers before being released from their hematopoietic site, which is the bone marrow (BM). However, previous studies identified an immature Ly6g(+) Il-5Rα(+) neutrophil population in mouse BM, expressing both neutrophil and eosinophil markers suggesting hematopoietic flexibility. Moreover, others have reported neutrophil populations expressing eosinophil-specific cell surface markers in tissues and altered disease states, confusing the field regarding eosinophil origins, function, and classification. Despite these reports, it is still unclear whether hematopoietic flexibility exists in human granulocytes. To answer this, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing and cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing to profile human BM and circulating neutrophils and eosinophils at different stages of differentiation and determine whether neutrophil plasticity plays role in asthmatic inflammation. We show that immature metamyelocyte neutrophils in humans expand during severe asthmatic inflammation and express both neutrophil and eosinophil markers. We also show an increase in trilobed eosinophils with mixed neutrophil and eosinophil markers in allergic asthma and that interleukin-5 promotes differentiation of immature blood neutrophils into trilobed eosinophilic phenotypes, suggesting a mechanism of emergency granulopoiesis to promote myeloid inflammatory or remodeling response in patients with chronic asthma. By providing insights into unexpectedly flexible granulocyte biology and demonstrating emergency hematopoiesis in asthma, our results highlight the importance of granulocyte plasticity in eosinophil development and allergic diseases.
Lessons to be learned from test evaluations during the COVID-19 pandemic: RSS Working Group’s Report on Diagnostic Tests
Authors: Deeks Jonathan J , Ashby Deborah , Takwoingi Yemisi , Perera Rafael , Evans Stephen J W , Bird Sheila M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic raised challenges for everyday life. Development of new diagnostic tests was necessary, but under such enormous pressure risking inadequate evaluation. Against a background of concern about standards applied to the evaluation of in vitro diagnostic tests (IVDs), clear statistical thinking was needed on the principles of diagnostic testing in general, and their application in a pandemic. Therefore, in July 2020, the Royal Statistical Society convened a Working Group of six biostatisticians to review the statistical evidence needed to ensure the performance of new tests, especially IVDs for infectious diseases—for regulators, decision-makers, and the public. The Working Group’s review was undertaken when the Covid-19 pandemic shone an unforgiving light on current processes for evaluating and regulating IVDs for infectious diseases. The report’s findings apply more broadly than to the pandemic and IVDs, to diagnostic test evaluations in general. A section of the report focussed on lessons learned during the pandemic and aimed to contribute to the UK Covid-19 Inquiry’s examination of the response to, and impact of, the Covid-19 pandemic to learn lessons for the future. The review made 22 recommendations on what matters for study design, transparency, and regulation.
Incarcerated incisional hernia on an old orthopedics incision, a rare case report and a review of the literature
Authors: Abu-Jeyyab Mohammad , Al-Jafari Mohammad , AlKhawaldeh Ibraheem M , Eddin Sadeen Zein , Tapanjeh Sophia Abu , Ja’Awin Mohannad , Aborajooh Emad , Nashwan Abdulqadir J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A previous surgical incision can lead to an abdominal wall defect known as an incisional hernia. The protrusion of abdominal viscera, particularly bowel loops, through this defect can result in various complications and affect organ function. Bowel loops are frequently involved and can lead to incarceration, obstruction or even strangulation. A 38-year-old male with a history of open reduction internal fixation for the left iliac wing presented with abdominal pain, vomiting and obstipation. Abdominal examination revealed a tender, distended abdominal area with swelling on the left hip. Radiological examination revealed bowel obstruction at the previous surgery site. During surgery, an incisional hernia was confirmed, and the bowel was found viable. Incisional hernias can occur even many years after primary surgery and may remain asymptomatic until complications arise. Elective hernial repair is recommended in some cases, such as the one presented here, as complications can be fatal.
Bouveret’s syndrome: a rare presentation of a common surgical enigma
Authors: Chatterjee Indranil , De Utpal 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bouveret syndrome, an uncommon complication of cholelithiasis, typically manifests with symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. Despite its rarity, Bouveret syndrome carries significant morbidity and mortality. This paper presents a case study and explores diagnostic approaches and management options for this challenging condition.
De-MA.ch: A Web Database for Electron and X-ray Microanalysis to Assist Electron Microscope Lab Managers and Users
Authors: Allaz Julien M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Lab managers and users of scanning electron microscope or electron probe microanalyzer facilities aiming for qualitative or quantitative X-ray analyses require comprehensive, yet flexible documentation structures for their daily work and available reference material, with a complete X-ray data library, a repository of energy- and wavelength-dispersive spectra, and an instrument scheduling mechanism. An online multilaboratory database system available at https://de-ma.ch is presented with the primary goals of providing information on microanalytical reference materials, analytical setups, characteristic X-ray data, and for managing reservation and training requests. This website is designed for multiuser facilities, where experience ranges from beginners to expert users. Registered users will find these tools useful in developing and maintaining high-quality, reproducible, and efficient analyses, whereas lab managers will keep records of their microanalytical reference material database and analytical protocols. The database also serves an educational purpose by (a) providing information on reference materials, (b) encouraging students to select appropriate X-ray lines to analyze, (c) providing analytical setups for point analysis or mapping, (d) identifying unknown X-ray lines, (e) displaying energy- or wavelength-dispersive spectra, and (f) recalculating mineral formula from quantitative wt% analysis results, based on a number of oxygen atoms or cations.
General Radiographic Anatomy
Authors: Andrews Keith A. , Helou Mada 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Diagnostic radiographic imaging is a fundamental element of modern medical practice, including the practice of anesthesiology. More specifically, the utilization of radiographic, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, and ultrasound modalaties to aid in diagnosis, to monitor response to treatment, and to confirm placement of lines and other devices is critical in modern anesthesia practice. Depending on the body region, different modalities can be employed to answer specific clinical questions. This chapter, divided into sections by body region, will provide a foundational reference for diagnostic imaging that is relevant to anesthesia practice. Special attention is paid to high-yield content pertinent to the Anesthesia Basic exam.
Back and Pelvis
Authors: Nordstrom Brian A. , Rahman Abed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The spine consists of 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, and 5 sacral vertebrae encompassing the spinal cord. A physician anesthesiologist’s knowledge of the topographical landmarks of the back and pelvis in relationship to the corresponding vertebral level and dermatomal region is essential to providing adequate analgesia during neuraxial anesthesia, interventional pain procedures, and regional blockade. Thorough understanding of the anatomic landmarks can provide precise anesthetic placement and avoid perioperative complications including, but not limited to, spinal cord damage, local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST), cephalad migration of spinal, and epidural dosages delivered intrathecally.
Extremities
Authors: Cannon Jeffrey W. , Helou Mada 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Anatomy of the extremities is essential knowledge for anesthesiologists. Being able to perform peripheral intravenous catheter insertions, arterial catheter insertions, and peripheral nerve blocks all rely on a mastery of this anatomy. The upper extremities are composed of two of each of the following: shoulder, axilla, arm, elbow, cubital fossa, and hand. The lower extremities are composed of two of each of the following: gluteal region, hip, thigh, knee, leg, and foot. The relationship of bones, nerves, and arteries are presented in this chapter.