bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Thermal Conductivity of Bridgmanite at Lower Mantle Conditions Using a Multi‐Technique Approach
Authors: Edmund Eric , Chuvashova Irina , Konôpková Zuzana , Husband Rachel , Strohm Cornelius , Appel Karen , Bähtz Carsten , Ball Orianna , Bouffetier Victorien , Brugman Kara , Buakor Khachiwan , Chantel Julien , Chariton Stella , Duff Matthew , Dwivedi Anand , Glazyrin Konstantin , Hosseini‐Saber S. M. A. , Jaisle Nicolas , Laurus Torsten , Li Xiang , Masani Bernhard , McHardy James , McMahon Malcolm , Merkel Sébastien , Mohrbach Katharina , Mondal Anshuman , Morard Guillaume , Prakapenka Vitali B. , Prescher Clemens , Ryu Young‐Jay , Schwinkendorf Jan‐Patrick , Tang Minxue , Younes Zena , Sanchez‐Valle Carmen , Liermann Hanns‐Peter , Badro James , Lin Jung‐Fu , McWilliams R. Stewart , Goncharov Alexander F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe thermal conductivity of bridgmanite, the primary constituent of the Earth's lower mantle, has been investigated using diamond anvil cells at pressures up to 85 GPa and temperatures up to 3,100 K. We report the results of time‐domain optical laser flash heating and X‐ray Free Electron Laser heating experiments from a variety of bridgmanite samples with different Al and Fe contents. The results demonstrate that Fe or Fe,Al incorporation in bridgmanite reduces thermal conductivity by about 50% in comparison to end‐member MgSiO3 at the pressure‐temperature conditions of Earth's lower mantle. The effect of temperature on the thermal conductivity at 28–60 GPa is moderate, well described as , where a is 0.2–0.5. The results yield thermal conductivity of 7.5–15 W/(m × K) in the thermal boundary layer of the lowermost mantle composed of Fe,Al‐bearing bridgmanite.
Regulated cell death in hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy: recent development and mechanistic overview
Authors: Wu Lingzhi , Chang Enqiang , Zhao Hailin , Ma Daqing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) in termed infants remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the introduction of therapeutic hypothermia. Depending on the cell type, cellular context, metabolic predisposition and insult severity, cell death in the injured immature brain can be highly heterogenous. A continuum of cell death exists in the H/I-injured immature brain. Aside from apoptosis, emerging evidence supports the pathological activation of necroptosis, pyroptosis and ferroptosis as alternative regulated cell death (RCD) in HIE to trigger neuroinflammation and metabolic disturbances in addition to cell loss. Upregulation of autophagy and mitophagy in HIE represents an intrinsic neuroprotective strategy. Molecular crosstalk between RCD pathways implies one RCD mechanism may compensate for the loss of function of another. Moreover, mitochondrion was identified as the signalling “hub” where different RCD pathways converge. The highly-orchestrated nature of RCD makes them promising therapeutic targets. Better understanding of RCD mechanisms and crosstalk between RCD subtypes likely shed light on novel therapy development for HIE. The identification of a potential RCD converging node may open up the opportunity for simultaneous and synergistic inhibition of cell death in the immature brain.
Current-driven fast magnetic octupole domain-wall motion in noncollinear antiferromagnets
Authors: Wu Mingxing , Chen Taishi , Nomoto Takuya , Tserkovnyak Yaroslav , Isshiki Hironari , Nakatani Yoshinobu , Higo Tomoya , Tomita Takahiro , Kondou Kouta , Arita Ryotaro , Nakatsuji Satoru , Otani Yoshichika 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntiferromagnets (AFMs) have the natural advantages of terahertz spin dynamics and negligible stray fields, thus appealing for use in domain-wall applications. However, their insensitive magneto-electric responses make controlling them in domain-wall devices challenging. Recent research on noncollinear chiral AFMs Mn3X (X = Sn, Ge) enabled us to detect and manipulate their magnetic octupole domain states. Here, we demonstrate a current-driven fast magnetic octupole domain-wall (MODW) motion in Mn3X. The magneto-optical Kerr observation reveals the Néel-like MODW of Mn3Ge can be accelerated up to 750 m s-1 with a current density of only 7.56 × 1010 A m-2 without external magnetic fields. The MODWs show extremely high mobility with a small critical current density. We theoretically extend the spin-torque phenomenology for domain-wall dynamics from collinear to noncollinear magnetic systems. Our study opens a new route for antiferromagnetic domain-wall-based applications.
Spatial multi-omics of human skin reveals KRAS and inflammatory responses to spaceflight
Authors: Park Jiwoon , Overbey Eliah G. , Narayanan S. Anand , Kim JangKeun , Tierney Braden T. , Damle Namita , Najjar Deena , Ryon Krista A. , Proszynski Jacqueline , Kleinman Ashley , Hirschberg Jeremy Wain , MacKay Matthew , Afshin Evan E. , Granstein Richard , Gurvitch Justin , Hudson Briana M. , Rininger Aric , Mullane Sean , Church Sarah E. , Meydan Cem , Church George , Beheshti Afshin , Mateus Jaime , Mason Christopher E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpaceflight can change metabolic, immunological, and biological homeostasis and cause skin rashes and irritation, yet the molecular basis remains unclear. To investigate the impact of short-duration spaceflight on the skin, we conducted skin biopsies on the Inspiration4 crew members before (L-44) and after (R + 1) flight. Leveraging multi-omics assays including GeoMx™ Digital Spatial Profiler, single-cell RNA/ATAC-seq, and metagenomics/metatranscriptomics, we assessed spatial gene expressions and associated microbial and immune changes across 95 skin regions in four compartments: outer epidermis, inner epidermis, outer dermis, and vasculature. Post-flight samples showed significant up-regulation of genes related to inflammation and KRAS signaling across all skin regions. These spaceflight-associated changes mapped to specific cellular responses, including altered interferon responses, DNA damage, epithelial barrier disruptions, T-cell migration, and hindered regeneration were located primarily in outer tissue compartments. We also linked epithelial disruption to microbial shifts in skin swab and immune cell activity to PBMC single-cell data from the same crew and timepoints. Our findings present the inaugural collection and examination of astronaut skin, offering insights for future space missions and response countermeasures.
Transfer of sulfur and chalcophile metals via sulfide-volatile compound drops in the Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field
Authors: Patten Clifford Georges Charles , Hector Simon , Kilias Stephanos , Ulrich Marc , Peillod Alexandre , Beranoaguirre Aratz , Nomikou Paraskevi , Eiche Elisabeth , Kolb Jochen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient transfer of S and chalcophile metals through the Earth’s crust in arc systems is paramount for the formation of large magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits. The formation of sulfide-volatile compound drops has been recognized as a potential key mechanism for such transfer but their fate during dynamic arc magmatism remains cryptic. Combining elemental mapping and in-situ mineral analyzes we reconstruct the evolution of compound drops in the active Christiana-Santorini-Kolumbo volcanic field. The observed compound drops are micrometric sulfide blebs associated with vesicles trapped within silicate phenocrysts. The compound drops accumulate and coalesce at mafic-felsic melt interfaces where larger sulfide ovoids form. These ovoids are subsequently oxidized to magnetite during sulfide-volatile interaction. Comparison of metal concentrations between the sulfide phases and magnetite allows for determination of element mobility during oxidation. The formation and evolution of compound drops may be an efficient mechanism for transferring S and chalcophile metals into shallow magmatic-hydrothermal arc systems.
Collection of biospecimens from the inspiration4 mission establishes the standards for the space omics and medical atlas (SOMA)
Authors: Overbey Eliah G. , Ryon Krista , Kim JangKeun , Tierney Braden T. , Klotz Remi , Ortiz Veronica , Mullane Sean , Schmidt Julian C. , MacKay Matthew , Damle Namita , Najjar Deena , Matei Irina , Patras Laura , Garcia Medina J. Sebastian , Kleinman Ashley S. , Wain Hirschberg Jeremy , Proszynski Jacqueline , Narayanan S. Anand , Schmidt Caleb M. , Afshin Evan E. , Innes Lucinda , Saldarriaga Mateo Mejia , Schmidt Michael A. , Granstein Richard D. , Shirah Bader , Yu Min , Lyden David , Mateus Jaime , Mason Christopher E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe SpaceX Inspiration4 mission provided a unique opportunity to study the impact of spaceflight on the human body. Biospecimen samples were collected from four crew members longitudinally before (Launch: L-92, L-44, L-3 days), during (Flight Day: FD1, FD2, FD3), and after (Return: R + 1, R + 45, R + 82, R + 194 days) spaceflight, spanning a total of 289 days across 2021-2022. The collection process included venous whole blood, capillary dried blood spot cards, saliva, urine, stool, body swabs, capsule swabs, SpaceX Dragon capsule HEPA filter, and skin biopsies. Venous whole blood was further processed to obtain aliquots of serum, plasma, extracellular vesicles and particles, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In total, 2,911 sample aliquots were shipped to our central lab at Weill Cornell Medicine for downstream assays and biobanking. This paper provides an overview of the extensive biospecimen collection and highlights their processing procedures and long-term biobanking techniques, facilitating future molecular tests and evaluations.As such, this study details a robust framework for obtaining and preserving high-quality human, microbial, and environmental samples for aerospace medicine in the Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA) initiative, which can aid future human spaceflight and space biology experiments.
Impact of keratocyte differentiation on corneal opacity resolution and visual function recovery in male rats
Authors: Riau Andri K. , Look Zhuojian , Yam Gary H. F. , Boote Craig , Ma Qian , Han Evelina J. Y. , binte M. Yusoff Nur Zahirah , Ong Hon Shing , Goh Tze-Wei , binte Halim Nuur Shahinda Humaira , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntrastromal cell therapy utilizing quiescent corneal stromal keratocytes (qCSKs) from human donor corneas emerges as a promising treatment for corneal opacities, aiming to overcome limitations of traditional surgeries by reducing procedural complexity and donor dependency. This investigation demonstrates the therapeutic efficacy of qCSKs in a male rat model of corneal stromal opacity, underscoring the significance of cell-delivery quality and keratocyte differentiation in mediating corneal opacity resolution and visual function recovery. Quiescent CSKs-treated rats display improvements in escape latency and efficiency compared to wounded, non-treated rats in a Morris water maze, demonstrating improved visual acuity, while stromal fibroblasts-treated rats do not. Advanced imaging, including multiphoton microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy, revealed that qCSK therapy replicates the native cornea’s collagen fibril morphometry, matrix order, and ultrastructural architecture. These findings, supported by the expression of keratan sulfate proteoglycans, validate qCSKs as a potential therapeutic solution for corneal opacities.
Single-cell multi-ome and immune profiles of the Inspiration4 crew reveal conserved, cell-type, and sex-specific responses to spaceflight
Authors: Kim JangKeun , Tierney Braden T. , Overbey Eliah G. , Dantas Ezequiel , Fuentealba Matias , Park Jiwoon , Narayanan S. Anand , Wu Fei , Najjar Deena , Chin Christopher R. , Meydan Cem , Loy Conor , Mathyk Begum , Klotz Remi , Ortiz Veronica , Nguyen Khiem , Ryon Krista A. , Damle Namita , Houerbi Nadia , Patras Laura I. , Schanzer Nathan , Hutchinson Gwyneth A. , Foox Jonathan , Bhattacharya Chandrima , Mackay Matthew , Afshin Evan E. , Hirschberg Jeremy Wain , Kleinman Ashley S. , Schmidt Julian C. , Schmidt Caleb M. , Schmidt Michael A. , Beheshti Afshin , Matei Irina , Lyden David , Mullane Sean , Asadi Amran , Lenz Joan S. , Mzava Omary , Yu Min , Ganesan Saravanan , De Vlaminck Iwijn , Melnick Ari M. , Barisic Darko , Winer Daniel A. , Zwart Sara R. , Crucian Brian E. , Smith Scott M. , Mateus Jaime , Furman David , Mason Christopher E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpaceflight induces an immune response in astronauts. To better characterize this effect, we generated single-cell, multi-ome, cell-free RNA (cfRNA), biochemical, and hematology data for the SpaceX Inspiration4 (I4) mission crew. We found that 18 cytokines/chemokines related to inflammation, aging, and muscle homeostasis changed after spaceflight. In I4 single-cell multi-omics data, we identified a “spaceflight signature” of gene expression characterized by enrichment in oxidative phosphorylation, UV response, immune function, and TCF21 pathways. We confirmed the presence of this signature in independent datasets, including the NASA Twins Study, the I4 skin spatial transcriptomics, and 817 NASA GeneLab mouse transcriptomes. Finally, we observed that (1) T cells showed an up-regulation of FOXP3, (2) MHC class I genes exhibited long-term suppression, and (3) infection-related immune pathways were associated with microbiome shifts. In summary, this study reveals conserved and distinct immune disruptions occurring and details a roadmap for potential countermeasures to preserve astronaut health.
Macroscopic tunneling probe of Moiré spin textures in twisted CrI3
Authors: Yang Bowen , Patel Tarun , Cheng Meixin , Pichugin Kostyantyn , Tian Lin , Sherlekar Nachiket , Yan Shaohua , Fu Yang , Tian Shangjie , Lei Hechang , Reimer Michael E. , Okamoto Junichi , Tsen Adam W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVarious noncollinear spin textures and magnetic phases have been predicted in twisted two-dimensional CrI3 due to competing ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) interlayer exchange from moiré stacking—with potential spintronic applications even when the underlying material possesses a negligible Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya or dipole–dipole interaction. Recent measurements have shown evidence of coexisting FM and AFM layer order in small-twist-angle CrI3 bilayers and double bilayers. Yet, the nature of the magnetic textures remains unresolved and possibilities for their manipulation and electrical readout are unexplored. Here, we use tunneling magnetoresistance to investigate the collective spin states of twisted double-bilayer CrI3 under both out-of-plane and in-plane magnetic fields together with detailed micromagnetic simulations of domain dynamics based on magnetic circular dichroism. Our results capture hysteretic and anisotropic field evolutions of the magnetic states and we further uncover two distinct non-volatile spin textures (out-of-plane and in-plane domains) at ≈1° twist angle, with a different global tunneling resistance that can be switched by magnetic field.
Immunological synapse formation between T regulatory cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts promotes tumour development
Authors: Varveri Athina , Papadopoulou Miranta , Papadovasilakis Zacharias , Compeer Ewoud B. , Legaki Aigli-Ioanna , Delis Anastasios , Damaskou Vasileia , Boon Louis , Papadogiorgaki Sevasti , Samiotaki Martina , Foukas Periklis G. , Eliopoulos Aristides G. , Hatzioannou Aikaterini , Alissafi Themis , Dustin Michael L. , Verginis Panayotis 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have emerged as a dominant non-hematopoietic cell population in the tumour microenvironment, serving diverse functions in tumour progression. However, the mechanisms via which CAFs influence the anti-tumour immunity remain poorly understood. Here, using multiple tumour models and biopsies from cancer patients, we report that α-SMA+ CAFs can form immunological synapses with Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in tumours. Notably, α-SMA+ CAFs can phagocytose and process tumour antigens and exhibit a tolerogenic phenotype which instructs movement arrest, activation and proliferation in Tregs in an antigen-specific manner. Moreover, α-SMA+ CAFs display double-membrane structures resembling autophagosomes in their cytoplasm. Single-cell transcriptomic data showed an enrichment in autophagy and antigen processing/presentation pathways in α-SMA-expressing CAF clusters. Conditional knockout of Atg5 in α-SMA+ CAFs promoted inflammatory re-programming in CAFs, reduced Treg cell infiltration and attenuated tumour development. Overall, our findings reveal an immunosuppressive mechanism entailing the formation of synapses between α-SMA+ CAFs and Tregs in an autophagy-dependent manner.
Smooth muscle NF90 deficiency ameliorates diabetic atherosclerotic calcification in male mice via FBXW7-AGER1-AGEs axis
Authors: Xie Fei , Liu Bin , Qiao Wen , He Jing-zhen , Cheng Jie , Wang Zhao-yang , Hou Ya-min , Zhang Xu , Xu Bo-han , Zhang Yun , Chen Yu-guo , Zhang Ming-xiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHyperglycemia accelerates calcification of atherosclerotic plaques in diabetic patients, and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is closely related to the atherosclerotic calcification. Here, we show that hyperglycemia-mediated AGEs markedly increase vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) NF90/110 activation in male diabetic patients with atherosclerotic calcified samples. VSMC-specific NF90/110 knockout in male mice decreases obviously AGEs-induced atherosclerotic calcification, along with the inhibitions of VSMC phenotypic changes to osteoblast-like cells, apoptosis, and matrix vesicle release. Mechanistically, AGEs increase the activity of NF90, which then enhances ubiquitination and degradation of AGE receptor 1 (AGER1) by stabilizing the mRNA of E3 ubiquitin ligase FBXW7, thus causing the accumulation of more AGEs and atherosclerotic calcification. Collectively, our study demonstrates the effects of VSMC NF90 in mediating the metabolic imbalance of AGEs to accelerate diabetic atherosclerotic calcification. Therefore, inhibition of VSMC NF90 may be a potential therapeutic target for diabetic atherosclerotic calcification.
Red2Flpe-SCON: a versatile, multicolor strategy for generating mosaic conditional knockout mice
Authors: Wu Szu-Hsien Sam , Kim Somi , Lee Heetak , Lee Ji-Hyun , Park So-Yeon , Bakonyi Réka , Teriyapirom Isaree , Hallay Natalia , Pilat-Carotta Sandra , Theussl Hans-Christian , Kim Jihoon , Lee Joo-Hyeon , Simons Benjamin D. , Kim Jong Kyoung , Colozza Gabriele , Koo Bon-Kyoung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractImage-based lineage tracing enables tissue turnover kinetics and lineage potentials of different adult cell populations to be investigated. Previously, we reported a genetic mouse model system, Red2Onco, which ectopically expressed mutated oncogenes together with red fluorescent proteins (RFP). This system enabled the expansion kinetics and neighboring effects of oncogenic clones to be dissected. We now report Red2Flpe-SCON: a mosaic knockout system that uses multicolor reporters to label both mutant and wild-type cells. We develop the Red2Flpe mouse line for red clone-specific Flpe expression, as well as the FRT-based SCON (Short Conditional IntrON) method to facilitate tunable conditional mosaic knockouts in mice. We use the Red2Flpe-SCON method to study Sox2 mutant clonal analysis in the esophageal epithelium of adult mice which reveal that the stem cell gene, Sox2, is less essential for adult stem cell maintenance itself, but rather for stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
Alternative dimethylsulfoniopropionate biosynthesis enzymes in diverse and abundant microorganisms
Authors: Wang Jinyan , Curson Andrew R. J. , Zhou Shun , Carrión Ornella , Liu Ji , Vieira Ana R. , Walsham Keanu S. , Monaco Serena , Li Chun-Yang , Dong Qing-Yu , Wang Yu , Rivera Peter Paolo L. , Wang Xiao-Di , Zhang Min , Hanwell Libby , Wallace Matthew , Zhu Xiao-Yu , Leão Pedro N. , Lea-Smith David J. , Zhang Yu-Zhong , Zhang Xiao-Hua , Todd Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is an abundant marine organosulfur compound with roles in stress protection, chemotaxis, nutrient and sulfur cycling and climate regulation. Here we report the discovery of a bifunctional DMSP biosynthesis enzyme, DsyGD, in the transamination pathway of the rhizobacterium Gynuella sunshinyii and some filamentous cyanobacteria not previously known to produce DMSP. DsyGD produces DMSP through its N-terminal DsyG methylthiohydroxybutyrate S-methyltransferase and C-terminal DsyD dimethylsulfoniohydroxybutyrate decarboxylase domains. Phylogenetically distinct DsyG-like proteins, termed DSYE, with methylthiohydroxybutyrate S-methyltransferase activity were found in diverse and environmentally abundant algae, comprising a mix of low, high and previously unknown DMSP producers. Algae containing DSYE, particularly bloom-forming Pelagophyceae species, were globally more abundant DMSP producers than those with previously described DMSP synthesis genes. This work greatly increases the number and diversity of predicted DMSP-producing organisms and highlights the importance of Pelagophyceae and other DSYE-containing algae in global DMSP production and sulfur cycling.
A multi-objective optimisation approach with improved pareto-optimal solutions to enhance economic and environmental dispatch in power systems
Authors: Khalil Muhammad Ilyas Khan , Rahman Izaz Ur , Zakarya Muhammad , Zia Ashraf , Khan Ayaz Ali , Qazani Mohammad Reza Chalak , Al-Bahri Mahmood , Haleem Muhammad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work implements the recently developednth state Markovian jumping particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm with local search (NS-MJPSOloc) awareness method to address the economic/environmental dispatch (EED) problem. The proposed approach, known as the Non-dominated Sorting Multi-objective PSO with Local Best (NS-MJPSOloc), aims to enhance the performance of the PSO algorithm in multi-objective optimisation problems. This is achieved by redefining the concept of best local candidates within the search space of multi-objective optimisation. The NS-MJPSOlocalgorithm uses an evolutionary factor-based mechanism to identify the optimum compromise solution, a Markov chain state jumping technique to control the Pareto-optimal set size, and a neighbourhood’s topology (such as a ring or a star) to determine its size. Economic dispatch refers to the systematic allocation of available power resources in order to fulfill all relevant limitations and effectively meet the demand for electricity at the lowest possible operating cost. As a result of heightened public consciousness regarding environmental pollution and the implementation of clean air amendments, nations worldwide have compelled utilities to adapt their operational practises in order to comply with environmental regulations. The (NS-MJPSOloc) approach has been utilised for resolving the EED problem, including cost and emission objectives that are not commensurable. The findings illustrate the efficacy of the suggested (NS-MJPSOloc) approach in producing a collection of Pareto-optimal solutions that are evenly dispersed within a single iteration. The comparison of several approaches reveals the higher performance of the suggested (NS-MJPSOloc) in terms of the diversity of the Pareto-optimal solutions achieved. In addition, a measure of solution quality based on Pareto optimality has been incorporated. The findings validate the effectiveness of the proposed (NS-MJPSOloc) approach in addressing the multi-objective EED issue and generating a trade-off solution that is both optimal and of high quality. We observed that our approach can reduce$$\sim $$∼6.4% of fuel costs and$$\sim $$∼9.1% of computational time in comparison to the classical PSO technique. Furthermore, our method can reduce$$\sim $$∼9.4% of the emissions measured in tons per hour as compared to the PSO approach.