bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Your whole life, your whole world, it changes’: partners' experiences of living with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Matheson L. , Harcourt D. , Hewlett S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectives: Research suggests that rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can have a negative psychosocial impact on partners, as well as patients. However, until now there has been very little in‐depth qualitative research in this area. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of partners of people with RA.Methods: Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with a heterogeneous sample of eight partners of people with RA (six men, two women, age range 48–73 years). Transcripts were analysed thematically.Results: Five overarching themes emerged: psychological burden in partners was substantial, as they experienced frustration and distress at watching their partner suffer and tried to protect their spouse from emotional and physical distress. ‘It's a restricted life’: partners reported having to cut back on previously enjoyable shared activities and had difficulty making future plans. Adjusting lives: partners had to make considerable adjustments to many aspects of their lives, and had adopted practical and psychological ways to cope. ‘It's a joint approach’: many partners discussed adopting a joint approach to managing the RA. Met and unmet support needs varied considerably, and many partners felt that a joint approach to treatment taken by health professionals is needed, which involves and recognizes their role.Conclusions: Partners of people with RA are vital to the patients' disease management, but the data show that many carry a substantial psychosocial burden. Healthcare professionals should be aware of this, so that couples coping with RA can be better supported. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase activities in mdx mouse brain
Authors: Tuon Lisiane , Comim Clarissa M. , Fraga Daine B. , Scaini Giselli , Rezin Gislaine T. , Baptista Bruna R. , Streck Emilio L. , Vainzof Mariz , Quevedo João 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this study we investigated energy metabolism in the mdx mouse brain.To this end, prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, hippocampus, striatum, and cortex were analyzed. There was a decrease in Complex I but not in Complex II activity in all structures. There was an increase in Complex III activity in striatum and a decrease in Complex IV activity in prefrontal cortex and striatum. Mitochondrial creatine kinase activity was increased in hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, cortex, and striatum. Our results indicate that there is energy metabolism dysfunction in the mdx mouse brain. Muscle Nerve, 2010
An elevated bronchodilator response predicts large airway inflammation in mild asthma
Authors: Puckett James L. , Taylor Richard W.E. , Leu Szu‐Yun , Guijon Olga L. , Aledia Anna S. , Galant Stanley P. , George Steven C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractExhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is elevated in asthmatics and is a purported marker of airway inflammation. The bronchodilator response (BDR) has also been shown to correlate with markers of airway inflammation, including eNO at 50 ml/sec (FENO,50) which is comprised of NO from both the proximal and distal airways. Using eNO at multiple flows and a two‐compartment model of NO exchange, the eNO signal can be partitioned into its proximal [J'awNO (nl/sec)] and distal contributions [CANO (ppb)]. We hypothesized that the BDR reflects the inflammatory status of the larger airways with smooth muscle, and thus would correlate with J'awNO. In 179 predominantly (95%) Hispanic children with mild asthma (69 steroid naïve), and 21 non‐asthmatic non‐atopic controls, spirometry and eNO at multiple flows were measured prior and 10 min following inhalation of albuterol. A trumpet‐shaped axial diffusion model of NO exchange was used to characterize J'awNO and CANO. The BDR correlated moderately (r = 0.44) with proximal airway NO (J'awNO), but weakly (r = 0.26) with distal airway/alveolar NO (CANO), and only in inhaled corticosteroid naïve asthmatics. A BDR cut point as low as ≥8% had a positive predictive value of 83% for predicting an elevated J'awNO or FENO,50. We conclude that the BDR reflects inflammation in the large airways, and may be an effective clinical tool to predict elevated large airway inflammation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:174–181. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Impact of analysis interval on the multiple exhalation flow technique to partition exhaled nitric oxide
Authors: Puckett James L. , Taylor Richard W.E. , Galant Stanley P. , George Steven C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractExhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is elevated in asthmatics and is a purported marker of airway inflammation. By measuring eNO at multiple flows and applying models of eNO exchange dynamics, the signal can be partitioned into its proximal airway [${\rm J'}_{{\rm aw}_{{\rm NO}} }$ (nl/sec)] and distal airway/alveolar contributions [CANO (ppb)]. Several studies have demonstrated the potential significance of such an approach in children with asthma. However, techniques to partition eNO are variable, limiting comparisons among studies. The objective of this study is to examine the impact of the analysis interval (time or volume) on eNO plateau concentrations and the estimation of ${\rm J'}_{{\rm aw}_{{\rm NO}} }$ and CANO. In 30 children with mild to moderate asthma, spirometry and eNO at multiple flows (50, 100, and 200 ml/sec) were measured. The plateau concentration of eNO at each flow was determined using two different methods of analysis: (1) constant time interval and (2) constant volume interval. For both methods of analysis, a two‐compartment model with axial diffusion was used to characterize ${\rm J'}_{{\rm aw}_{{\rm NO}} }$ and CANO. At a flow of 200 ml/sec, the time interval analysis predicts values for eNO that are smaller than the volume interval analysis. As a result, there are significant differences in CANO between the methods of analysis (volume > time). When using the multiple flow technique to partition eNO, the method of analysis (constant time vs. constant volume interval) significantly affects the estimation of CANO, and thus potentially the assessment and interpretation of distal lung inflammation. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:182–191. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The adapter protein Nck: Role of individual SH3 and SH2 binding modules for protein interactions in T lymphocytes
Authors: Lettau Marcus , Pieper Jennifer , Gerneth Alyn , Lengl‐Janßen Beate , Voss Matthias , Linkermann Andreas , Schmidt Hendrik , Gelhaus Christoph , Leippe Matthias , Kabelitz Dieter , Janssen Ottmar 
Published: January 2010

AbstractNck is a ubiquitously expressed, primarily cytosolic adapter protein consisting of one SH2 domain and three SH3 domains. It links receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases to actin cytoskeleton reorganizing proteins. In T lymphocytes, Nck is a crucial component of signaling pathways for T cell activation and effector function. It recruits actin remodeling proteins to T cell receptor (TCR)‐associated activation clusters and thereby initiates changes in cell polarity and morphology. Moreover, Nck is crucial for the TCR‐induced mobilization of secretory vesicles to the cytotoxic immunological synapse. To identify the interactome of Nck in human T cells, we performed a systematic screen for interaction partners in untreated or pervanadate‐treated cells. We used GST fusion proteins containing full length Nck, the combined SH3 domains or the individual SH3 and SH2 domains to precipitate putative Nck interactors from cellular lysates. Protein bands were excised from gels, processed by tryptic in‐gel digestion and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Using this approach, we confirmed previously established interactions (e.g., with Slp76, CD3ε, WASP, and WIPF1) and identified several novel putative Nck‐binding proteins. We subsequently verified the SH2 domain binding to the actin‐binding protein HIP55 and to FYB/ADAP, and the SH3‐mediated binding to the nuclear proteins SFPQ/NONO. Using laser scanning microscopy, we provide new evidence for a nuclear localization of Nck in human T cells. Our data highlight the fundamental role of Nck in the TCR‐to‐cytoskeleton crosstalk and point to yet unknown nuclear functions of Nck also in T lymphocytes.
Experimental and theoretical study of the magnetic properties and XMCD spectra of Ru clusters deposited on Fe/Cu(001)
Authors: Minár J. , Bornemann S. , Mankovsky S. , Ebert H. , Martins M. , Reif M. , Glaser L. , Wurth W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe present results of an experimental study of magnetic properties of small Ru clusters deposited on a thin Fe film grown on Cu(001) surface. X‐ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurements show finite spin and orbital moments of Ru dimers and trimers, however a magnetic moment for a Ru monomer has been not observed. A corresponding theoretical study based on the fully relativistic multiple scattering KKR method is presented. Detailed theoretical analysis has been performed to explain the experimental findings. In particular a direct comparison of the calculated XMCD with the experiments suggests diffusion into the surface as a possible reason for the apparent quenching of the spin magnetic moment for Ru monomers.
Study on the excimer laser annealed amorphous hydrogenated silicon carbon films deposited by PECVD
Authors: Ambrosone G. , Basa D.K. , Coscia U. , Tresso E. , Chiodoni A. , Celasco E. , Pinto N. , Murri R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHydrogenated amorphous silicon carbon films of different carbon content were deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition at low substrate temperature (200 °C) and were subjected to excimer laser annealing. X‐ray diffraction spectra and field emission scanning electron microscopy images demonstrate that carbon content plays an important role in facilitating the crystallization process induced by the excimer laser treatment (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Amorphous silicon and silicon nitride channel optical waveguides
Authors: Celasco Edvige , Quaglio Marzia , Chiodoni Angelica , Ricciardi Carlo , Pirri Candido Fabrizio , Dominici Lorenzo , Michelotti Francesco , Angelis Francesco De , Fabrizio Enzo Di , Giorgis Fabrizio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this work we report on the characterisation of multimode rectangular ridge waveguides fabricated by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition and anisotropic etching using different cores, consisting of hydrogenated amorphous silicon and amorphous silicon nitride. The propagation losses have been measured at several wavelengths by an end‐fire coupling set‐up and compared to intrinsic absorption of the core materials.Two‐dimensional photonic crystal structures have been carved onto the channel waveguides by Focused Ion Beam lithography demonstrating the possibility to fabricate complex optical elements merging the consolidated amorphous silicon growth technology with ion‐beam nanomachining. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Metal‐dielectric nanostructures for amplified Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy
Authors: Virga Alessandro , Gazia Rossana , Pallavidino Luca , Mandracci Pietro , Descrovi Emiliano , Chiodoni Angelica , Geobaldo Francesco , Giorgis Fabrizio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMetal‐dielectric nanostructures are synthesized optimizing their capabilities of enhancing Raman scattering and fluorescence emission. Silver nanoparticles with controlled average size and morphology are obtained by dipping porous silicon (p‐Si) specimens in silver nitrate acqueous solutions. The effects of silvered p‐Si in enhancing Raman Scattering were investigated usinga cyanine dye showing detectable concentration as low as 10‐8M.In order to obtain photoluminescence enhancement, silvered p‐Si samples are coated by ultrathin films of amorphous silicon nitride. The analysis of metal‐dielectric nanostructures show an energy red‐shift of the Surface Plasmon resonances connected to the changes of the dielectrics surrounding the metal particles. In particular, the thickness of such a coating can be tuned in order to enhance the fluorescence emission (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Troposphere–stratosphere communication through local vertical waveguides
Authors: Nathan Terrence R. , Hodyss Daniel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe effects of zonally non‐uniform background flow on the three‐dimensional propagation of extratropical Rossby waves are examined using the WKB (Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin) formalism. Emphasis is placed on the vertical propagation of wave activity. An extended Charney–Drazin (CD) condition that is valid for zonally non‐uniform background flow is derived. The extended CD condition shows that local vertical propagation (trapping) is possible for wave scales for which the traditional CD condition predicts trapping (propagation). Local vertical propagation is shown to be strongly dependent on the phasing of the wave source relative to the background flow. Specifically, in zonally non‐uniform background flow, vertical propagation is confined to local vertical waveguides whose formation is controlled by the orientation of the background wind relative to the wave fronts. Within the waveguide, vertical propagation is optimized when the disturbance wind field is parallel to the background potential vorticity gradient. As the wave packets move from the tropospheric source into the stratosphere they expand in zonal scale. The implications of these results to stratospheric sudden warmings are discussed. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Stratospheric impact on tropospheric winds deduced from potential vorticity inversion in relation to the Arctic Oscillation
Authors: Hinssen Yvonne , Delden Aarnout van , Opsteegh Theo , Geus Wouter de 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe zonal mean state of the atmosphere in the Northern Hemisphere in winter is determined by the temperature at the Earth's surface and by two potential vorticity (PV) anomalies (defined as that part of the PV field that induces a wind field) centred over the North Pole: one in the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS), extending to the Subtropics, and the other over the polar cap in the lower to middle stratosphere. Isentropic PV inversion demonstrates that the UTLS PV anomaly induces the main part of the zonal mean wind in the troposphere, including the subtropical jet stream, while the stratospheric PV anomaly induces the polar night stratospheric jet. The stratospheric PV anomaly has a greater amplitude and extends further downwards if the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index is positive. Also, the UTLS PV anomaly has a slightly larger amplitude if the AO index is positive, but the meridional PV gradient in the Subtropics that is associated with this anomaly is greatest when the AO index is negative, resulting in a stronger subtropical jet when the AO index is negative. PV inversion translates the UTLS PV anomaly into a wind anomaly and a static stability anomaly. The resulting differences in the vertical wind shear and in the Brunt–Väisälä frequency between the two AO phases show a larger baroclinicity in the extratropics when the AO index is positive. This explains why more extratropical cyclones are observed when the AO index is positive. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Utilization of Myosin and Actin Bundles for the Transport of Molecular Cargo
Authors: Takatsuki Hideyo , Rice Kevin M. , Asano Shinichi , Day B. Scott , Hino Mizuki , Oiwa Kazuhiro , Ishikawa Ryoki , Hiratsuka Yuichi , Uyeda Taro Q. P. , Kohama Kazuhiro , Blough Eric R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe utilization of motor proteins for the movement and assembly of synthetic components is currently a goal of nanoengineering research. Application of the myosin actin motor system for nanotechnological uses has been hampered due to the low flexural rigidity of individual F‐actin filaments. Here it is demonstrated how actin bundling can be used to affect the translational behavior of myosin‐propelled filaments, transport molecules across a motor‐patterned surface, and that the movement of bundled actin can be regulated photonically. These data suggest that actin bundling may significantly improve the applicability of the myosin motor for future nanotechnological applications.
Full predicate coverage for testing SQL database queries
Authors: Tuya Javier , Suárez‐Cabal María José , de la Riva Claudio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn the field of database applications a considerable part of the business logic is implemented using a semi‐declarative language: the Structured Query Language (SQL). Because of the different semantics of SQL compared with other procedural languages, the conventional coverage criteria for testing are not directly applicable. This paper presents a criterion specifically tailored for SQL queries (SQLFpc). It is based on Masking Modified Condition Decision Coverage (MCDC) or Full Predicate Coverage and takes into account a wide range of the syntax and semantics of SQL, including selection, joining, grouping, aggregations, subqueries, case expressions and null values. The criterion assesses the coverage of the test data in relation to the query that is executed and it is expressed as a set of rules that are automatically generated and efficiently evaluated against a test database. The use of the criterion is illustrated in a case study, which includes complex queries. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preparation of an ionic‐liquid antistatic/photostabilization additive and its effects on polypropylene
Authors: Wang Xinlong , Liu Lin , Tan Jinhong 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAn ionic liquid (IL) was synthesized and incorporated into polypropylene (PP) via melt blending. The structure of the IL was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy. The volume resistance of neat PP and PP/IL blends indicated that the IL had excellent antistatic properties. The tensile strength and impact strength of the PP and PP/IL blends showed that the IL also had good light stability. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed in both nitrogen and air, and the effect of the heating rate in dynamic measurements (5°–30°C/min) on kinetic parameters such as activation energy was also investigated. The Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method was used to determine the apparent activation energy for the degradation of neat PP and the PP/IL blended composites. The TGA results showed that the addition of the IL improved the thermal stability of PP, and the kinetic results showed that the apparent activation energy for the degradation of PP/IL was much higher than that for neat PP. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effects of cross‐section design and loading direction on the creep and fatigue properties of wood/PVC composite beams
Authors: Pulngern T. , Chucheepsakul S. , Padyenchean C. , Rosarpitak V. , Prapruit W. , Chaochanchaikul K. , Sombatsompop N. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe creep and fatigue properties of two wood/poly(vinyl chloride) (WPVC) composite beams were studied under flexural and cyclic deformations. The effects of cross‐section design and load direction were the main interests. The weight ratio of the wood and PVC compound used was 1:1, and the composites were produced by using an industrial‐scale twin‐screw extruder. In creep testing, the changes in WPVC beam displacement for the edgewise and flatwise directions increased with time. The WPVC composite with a greater size (thickness) and number of cores had the higher creep resistance. Testing a WPVC composite in the flatwise direction gave less time‐dependence than testing in the edgewise direction. The recommended applied loads for optimum creep resistance of the WPVC specimens were found to be 20 and 30% of the ultimate load to failure, depending on the size and number of cores for the cross‐section used. In fatigue testing, the number of cycles to failure for both WPVC composite specimens tested in the flatwise direction was greater than that for testing in the edgewise direction. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers
The trouble with issues: The case for intentional framing
Authors: Bales Susan Nall 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAlthough framing as a process is value neutral, since it can be put to any political, commercial, or ideological purpose, this article shows how it can be used to engage Americans in discussions of public life and how it might be improved. By offering readers a deeper understanding of the pictures in people's heads that often prevent engagement in issues, the author roots framing in a long history of social and cognitive science scholarship that has addressed the impact of mass media on democratic participation. This article argues that intentional framing can serve as an essential corrective to patterns of thinking in American culture that often preclude considerations of context, systems, and policies and instead advantage explanations of individual effort and worth.
The family bubble, achievement gap, and development as competition: Media frames on youth
Authors: O'Neil Moira 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIdentifying persistent media frames through a cognitive media analysis is an important step in the empirical measurement of public thinking about social issues. Based on a recent media analysis of racial disparities as they pertain to youth in major U.S. newspapers, this article explains three frames that were persistently evoked in media coverage of youth issues: the family bubble frame—the idea that parents are solely responsible for child outcomes; youth development as a competitive race—the idea that the overarching goal of educational and social development is to make youth more successful than their peers; and the understanding of disparities as achievement gaps. Together these frames promote individualistic understanding of social problems related to youth and limit imaginable solutions to policies that fix individuals rather than broken systems.
Mapping cultural models and translating expert explanations of child development with simplifying models
Authors: Kendall‐Taylor Nathaniel 
Published: January 2010

AbstractHow do people reason about issues related to child and youth development? Are the patterns of reasoning in the lay public significantly different from the way experts reason about the issue? What can the anthropological theory of cultural models bring to efforts to improve the public's understanding of child and youth development? In this article, the author explains the methods by which cultural models—the conceptual structures that shape how people perceive and understand their social worlds—are identified and how this mapping process serves as an essential step in closing the gaps between expert and lay understandings of social problems and, ultimately, informing communications strategies.
Strategic Framing Study Circles: Toward a gold standard of framing pedagogy
Authors: Feinberg Jane 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article explains how communities of practice have been developed as part of FrameWorks' field‐building efforts. Strategic Framing Study Circles, as they are known, have been conducted with four statewide coalitions, one group of national organizations, and an emerging regional coalition. The goal of each community of practice is to build among participants a solid base of framing skills and competencies and to help them understand that despite varied organizational agendas, they can share a frame to tremendous collective advantage.