bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of gas‐phase adsorption isotherms using neural nets
Authors: Basu Sukanta , Henshaw Paul F. , Biswas Nihar , Kwan Hon K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study investigated a number of models (the modified Sips', Dubinin‐Astakhov's, VSM theory, the generalized Khan et al.'s model and a simple artificial neural network (ANN)) to predict the effect of temperature on equilibrium adsorption of hydrocarbon gases and vapors on activated carbon. Published data on the adsorption of methane, ethane and propane on activated carbon at 311 K to 505 K were used to estimate the parameters of the conventional models and train the network. Then, the conventional models and the ANN were used to predict the isotherm at a single temperature for each adsorbate, and these results were compared with experimental data. It was found that the ANN model had a lower mean relative error than the conventional models.
End‐of‐life care for older cancer patients in the Veterans Health Administration versus the private sector
Authors: Keating Nancy L. , Landrum Mary Beth , Lamont Elizabeth B. , Earle Craig C. , Bozeman Samuel R. , McNeil Barbara J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Treatment of older cancer patients at the end of life has become increasingly aggressive, despite the absence of evidence for better outcomes. We compared aggressiveness of end‐of‐life care of older metastatic cancer patients treated in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and those under fee‐for‐service Medicare arrangements.METHODS:Using propensity score methods, we matched 2913 male veterans who were diagnosed with stage IV lung or colorectal cancer in 2001‐2002 and died before 2006 with 2913 similar men enrolled in fee‐for‐service Medicare living in Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result (SEER) areas. We assessed chemotherapy within 14 days of death, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions within 30 days of death, and >1 emergency room visit within 30 days of death.RESULTS:Among matched cohorts, men treated in the VHA were less likely than men in the private sector to receive chemotherapy within 14 days of death (4.6% vs 7.5%, P < .001), be admitted to an ICU within 30 days of death (12.5% vs 19.7%, P < .001), or have >1 emergency room visit within 30 days of death (13.1 vs 14.7, P = .09).CONCLUSIONS:Older men with metastatic lung or colorectal cancer treated in the VHA healthcare system received less aggressive end‐of‐life care than similar men in fee‐for‐service Medicare. This may result from the absence of financial incentives for more intensive care in the VHA or because this integrated delivery system is better structured to limit potentially overly aggressive care. Additional studies are needed to assess whether men undergoing less aggressive end‐of‐life care also experience better outcomes. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Stem cell transplantation for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors with BCR‐ABL kinase domain mutation T315I
Authors: Velev Nikolai , Cortes Jorge , Champlin Richard , Jones Dan , Rondon Gabriela , Giralt Sergio , Borthakur Gautam , Kantarjian Hagop M. , De Lima Marcos 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKIs) therapy is associated with the development of kinase domain mutations. Although many imatinib‐resistant mutations respond well to second‐generation TKIs, the threonine‐to‐isoleucine mutation at codon 315 of the breakpoint cluster region/v‐abl Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene protein fusion Bcr‐Abl (T315I) is insensitive to all currently available TKIs. The outcome in such patients after stem cell transplantation (SCT) is unknown.METHODS:Eight patients with TKI‐resistant CML who had T315I mutations underwent 9 transplantations. At the time of SCT, 2 patients were in chronic phase, 3 patients were in accelerated phase; and 3 patients were in second chronic phase.RESULTS:The best responses after SCT were a complete molecular response (CMR) in 3 patients, a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) in 4 patients, and a complete hematologic response (CHR) in 1 patient, and 1 patient had no response. The best outcome was for patients who underwent transplantation in chronic phase, and both of those patients remained alive and in complete molecular remission 14 months and 42 months after SCT. After a median follow‐up of 13 months from SCT, 5 patients remained alive, including 3 patients in CMR, 1 patient in CCyR, and 1 patient in CHR.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that SCT is an effective strategy for patients with CML who have the T315I mutation, particularly in earlier stages. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Detection of minimal residual disease in blood and bone marrow in early stage breast cancer
Authors: Krishnamurthy Savitri , Cristofanilli Massimo , Singh Balraj , Reuben James , Gao Hui , Cohen Evan N. , Andreopoulou Eleni , Hall Carolyn S. , Lodhi Ashutosh , Jackson Summer , Lucci Anthony 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The significance of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood and of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) in patients with early stage breast cancer is unclear. In this study, the authors investigated the occurrence of CTCs and DTCs in women with early stage breast cancer and evaluated the correlation of their presence with other prognostic markers.METHODS:Blood and BM aspirations were collected at the time of primary breast surgery. CTCs were detected by using the CellSearch assay, and DTCs were detected by immunostaining BM aspirates for pancytokeratin. The presence of CTCs and DTCs was correlated with tumor classification (T1 vs T2), tumor histologic grade, estrogen receptor (ER) status, progesterone receptor (PR) status, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status, and lymph node (LN) status.RESULTS:Of 92 patients who were included in the study, 49 had T1 tumors, and 43 had T2 tumors. CTCs were detected in 31% of patients, and DTCs were detected in 27% of patients. There was no correlation between the occurrence of CTCs and DTCs with the tumor classification (T1 vs T2) or histologic grade. CTCs were detected in 33% of patients with ER‐positive disease versus 26% of patients with ER‐negative disease, in 32% of patients with PR‐positive disease versus 30% of patients with PR‐negative disease, and in 25% of patients with HER2‐positive disease versus 31% of patients with HER2‐negative disease. DTCs were observed in 23% of patients with ER‐positive disease versus 37% of patients with ER‐negative disease, in 22% of patients with PR‐positive disease versus 32% of patients with PR‐negative disease, and in 0% of patients with HER2‐positive disease versus 29% of patients with HER2‐negative disease. CTCs and DTCs were nearly equally prevalent in both LN‐positive women and LN‐negative women. There was no significant correlation between the occurrence of CTCs or DTCs with tumor classification (T1 vs T2), tumor histologic grade, positive ER status, positive PR status, or positive HER2 status, and axillary LN status.CONCLUSIONS:CTCs and DTCs in women with early stage breast cancer did not correlate with the standard prognostic indicators that were considered. The implications of their occurrence in patients with early stage disease will require further large‐scale studies. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Understanding the variation in treatment intensity among patients with early stage bladder cancer
Authors: Hollingsworth John M. , Zhang Yun , Krein Sarah L. , Ye Zaojun , Hollenbeck Brent K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Given the uncertainty surrounding the optimal management for early stage bladder cancer, physicians vary in how they approach the disease. The authors of this report linked cancer registry data with medical claims to identify the sources of variation and opportunities for improving the value of cancer care.METHODS:By using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results‐Medicare database (1992‐2005), patients with early stage bladder cancer were abstracted (n = 18,276). The primary outcome was the intensity of initial treatment that patients received, as measured by all Medicare payments for bladder cancer incurred in the 2 years after diagnosis. Multilevel models were fitted to partition the variation in treatment intensity attributable to patient versus provider factors, and the potential savings to Medicare from reducing the physician contribution were estimated.RESULTS:Provider factors accounted for 9.2% of the variation in treatment intensity. Increasing provider treatment intensity did not correlate with improved cancer‐specific survival (P = .07), but it was associated with the subsequent receipt of major interventions, including radical cystectomy (P < .001). If provider‐level variation was reduced and clinical practice was aligned with that of physicians who performed in the 25th percentile of treatment intensity, then total payments made for the average patient could be lowered by 18.6%, saving Medicare $18.7 million annually.CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated that a substantial amount of the variation in initial treatment intensity for early stage bladder cancer is driven by the physician. Furthermore, a more intensive practice style was not associated with improved cancer‐specific survival or the avoidance of major interventions. Therefore, interventions aimed at reducing between‐provider differences may improve the value of cancer care. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
What motivates managers to pursue corporate responsibility? a survey among key stakeholders
Authors: Ditlev‐Simonsen Caroline D. , Midttun Atle 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFollowing several decades of scholarship with several disciplinary points of departure, there is today a great heterogeneity of theories and approaches to Corporate Responsibility (CR). Taking a pragmatist position, this paper takes some of the most central theoretic perspectives on CR and exposes them to an evaluation by three panels: corporate leaders, MSc students and NGOs. The purpose of the paper is to clarify and compare what these panels think motivates mangers to pursue CR from a positivist and normative perspective.We find that the three panels are in surprising agreement as to what they assume motivates managers to pursue CR and what should motivate the same managers. We also see a large discrepancy between what they think motivates and what should motivate managers. Branding, stakeholders, and value maximization are assumed to be key motivators, whereas sustainability and branding should be the key motivators. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Improved Self‐Energy Calculations for Pressure Broadening of Spectral Lines in Dense Plasmas
Authors: Lorenzen S. , Wierling A. , Reinholz H. , Röpke G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPressure broadening of Lyman‐lines of hydrogen‐like lithium (Li2+) has been studied using a quantum statistical approach to the line shape in dense plasmas, for details see [1]. In this communication, we concentrate on the electronic self‐energy, which is a basic input to the theory of spectral line profiles. We discuss the effect of strong, i.e. close, collisions which have been neglected so far for Li2+plasmas, but play generally an important role in dense plasmas, as has been shown in [2]. We present a method to calculate an improved electronic self‐energy including strong collisions based on a two‐body T‐matrix and an effective optical potential. The method is tested for level broadening of the ground state of hydrogen (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Isentropic Compression of Substances Using Ultra‐High Magnetic Field: Zero Isotherms of Protium and Deuterium in Pressure Range up to ∼5 Mbar
Authors: Boriskov G. V. , Bykov A. I. , Egorov N. I. , Dolotenko M. I. , Pavlov V. N. , Timareva V. I. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractExperiments on isentropic compression of a substance using a high magnetic field pressure are described. Their goal is building of a zero isotherm in a multi‐megabar pressures range. A method of the pressure and density determination of the compressed substance based on radiographic data obtained in the experiment is presented. The results of the experiments with solid (in initial state) protium and deuterium are presented. The densities that correspond to more than seventeen‐fold compression are reached. Obtained experimental points are compared with extrapolation of a curve that is built in the experiments using anvil cells and with the results of severalab‐initiocalculations (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of Harmonic Modulation of Current in Glow Discharge Dusty Plasma with Ordered Structures
Authors: Gogolev A. E. , Khakhaev A. D. , Pergament A. L. , Shtykov A. S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractNew method of disturbance by imposing harmonic signals on discharge current in DC glow discharge with ordered structures is studied at low values of disturbing amplitudes in molecular nitrogen. Influence of disturbing signals with frequencies from 10 Hz to 100 kHz is observed. New effects of changing vertical size and position of dusty structures in discharge space observed. Forced oscillations of dust particles and self‐oscillating crystals stabilizing effect under different conditions registered. Studied dusty structure's vertical size change dependencies on frequency and amplitude of disturbing signal (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Calculations of Ar and Xe Conductivity Under High Pressures
Authors: Apfelbaum E. M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe conductivity of Ar and Xe plasma is calculated for wide range of densities and temperatures. The chemical composition necessary for the conductivity calculation was obtained by means of the generalized chemical model (GCM). The feature of this GCM is the account for neutral‐neutral interaction within the integral equation approach of the theory of liquids. The results of calculations are in agreement with available data of measurements (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Laser Acoustic Probing of Two‐Temperature Zone Created by Femtosecond Pulse
Authors: Inogamov N. A. , Zhakhovsky V. V. , Ashitkov S. I. , Khokhlov V. A. , Shepelev V. V. , Komarov P. S. , Ovchinnikov A. V. , Sitnikov D. S. , Petrov Yu. V. , Agranat M. B. , Anisimov S. I. , Fortov V. E. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe combine theoretical and experimental methods to study the processes induced by fast laser heating of metal foils. These processes reveal themselves through motion of frontal (irradiated) and rear‐side foil boundaries. The irradiated targets are 0.3‐2 micron thick aluminum foils deposited on much thicker (150 microns) glass plate. The instant boundary positions is measured by pump‐probe technique having ∼40‐150 fs time and ∼1 nm spatial resolutions. Ultrashort laser pulse transforms a frontal surface layer with thickness dT into two‐temperature (Te ≫ Ti) warm dense matter state. Its quantitative characteristics including its thickness are defined by poorly known coefficients of electron‐ion energy exchange α and electron heat conductivity κ. Fast laser heating rises pressure in the dT‐layer and therefore produce acoustic waves. Propagation and reflection from the frontal and rear boundaries of these waves causes the displacement Δx (t) of boundary positions. Pressure wave profiles, and hence functions Δx (t), depend on thickness dT. This is why the experimental detection of Δx (t) opens a way to accurate evaluation of the coefficients α and κ (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Ion Heating in Dusty Plasma of Noble Gas Mixtures
Authors: Ramazanov T. S. , Daniyarov T. T. , Maiorov S. A. , Kodanova S. K. , Dosbolayev M. K. , Zhankarashev E. B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIon heating in dusty plasma of noble gas mixtures is studied by the observation of dust particles in stratified glow discharge. The particles and their formations can be used as a “contact‐free” probe of the ion flows. It is shown that under condition of experiments transition of dust particles into crystalline state in pure gases occur at much lower pressures in comparison to the case of gas mixtures. This observation is also supported by the evaluation of “effective” kinetic temperature of dust particles as defined from the velocity distribution function at the same set of discharge parameters. Absolute value of temperature of dust component in the mixture of helium and argon indicates important role of argon ionization process (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Generation of a mouse line expressing Cre recombinase in glycinergic interneurons
Authors: Ishihara Naoko , Armsen Wencke , Papadopoulos Theofilos , Betz Heinrich , Eulenburg Volker 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn caudal regions of the CNS, glycine constitutes the major inhibitory neurotransmitter. Here, we describe a mouse line that expresses Cre recombinase under the control of a BAC transgenic glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2) promoter fragment. Mating of GlyT2‐Cre mice with the Cre reporter mouse lines Rosa26/LacZ and Rosa26/YFP and analysis of double transgenic offsprings revealed strong transgene activity in caudal regions of the central nervous system, i.e., brain stem and spinal cord. Some additional Cre expression was observed in cortical and cerebellar regions. In brain stem and spinal cord, Cre expressing cells were identified as glycinergic interneurons by staining with GlyT2‐ and glycine‐immunoreactive antibodies; here, >80% of the glycine‐immunoreactive cells expressed the Cre reporter protein. These data indicate that GlyT2‐Cre mice are a useful tool for the genetic manipulation of glycinergic interneurons. genesis 48:437–445, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Kinesin II is required for cell survival and adherens junction positioning in Drosophila photoreceptors
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Bibhash , Nam Sang‐Chul , Choi Kwang‐Wook 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPhotoreceptor morphogenesis requires specific and coordinated localization of junctional markers at different stages of development. Here, we provide evidence that Drosophila Klp64D, a homolog of Kif3A motor subunit of the heterotrimeric Kinesin II complex, is essential for viability of developing photoreceptors and localization of junctional proteins. Genetic analysis of mutant clones shows that absence of Klp64D protein in early larval eye disc does not affect initial differentiation, but results in abnormal nuclear position in differentiating photoreceptors. These cells eventually die in the pupal stage, indicating klp64D's role in cell viability. The function of Klp64D protein is cell type specific because the p35 cell death inhibitor can rescue cell death in cone cells but not photoreceptors. In contrast to early induction of mutant clones, late induction during third instar larval stage just prior to pupation allows survival of single‐ or few‐celled clones of klp64D mutant cells. Analysis of these lately induced clones shows that Klp64D function is essential for Bazooka (Par‐3 homolog) and Armadillo localization to the adherens junction (AJ) in pupal photoreceptors. These findings suggest that Kinesin II complex plays a cell type‐specific function in the localization of AJ and cell polarity proteins in the developing retina, thereby contributing to photoreceptor morphogenesis. genesis 48:522–530, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Eight‐Coordinate Endohedral Rhenium, Osmium and Iridium Atoms in Rare‐Earth Halide Cluster Complexes
Authors: Zimmermann Sina , Brühmann Matthias , Casper Frederick , Heyer Oliver , Lorenz Thomas , Felser Claudia , Mudring Anja‐Verena , Meyer Gerd 
Published: May 2010

AbstractEndohedral (interstitial) atoms are essential for almost all of the rare‐earth halide cluster complexes. Most of these contain octahedral clusters, some are isolated, but the majority exhibits condensation by common edges to structures of higher dimensionality. Higher coordination numbers of the endohedral atoms are rare. Four examples of extended cluster complexes with eight‐coordinate endohedral atoms of sixth‐period elements (Re, Os, Ir) are presented. In the quasi‐isostructural, non‐isotypic halides {ReGd4}Br4 and {OsSc4}Cl4, square antiprisms of gadolinium and scandium atoms, respectively, are connected by two common faces to chains, surrounded and loosely connected by halogenido ligands. The Re and Os atoms build a slightly bent chain with only little bonding interactions. Chemical bonding is dominated by endohedral atom–cluster atom and cluster atom–halide interactions. The same is true for the two scandium bromides {Ir3Sc12}Br16 and {Os3Sc12}Br16Sc, which contain chains of face‐sharing square antiprisms and cubes in a ratio of 2:1. Metal–metal bonding is attested by short distances between those endohedral Ir and Os atoms, respectively, which center the square antiprisms (283 pm and 290 pm, respectively). Magnetic and conductivity measurements on {Ir3Sc12}Br16 reveal paramagnetism and a small‐band‐gap semiconductor. This is in accord with electronic structure calculations.
Acid‐Catalysed or Radical‐Promoted Allylic Substitution of 2‐Methylene‐2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran‐3‐ols with Thiol Derivatives: a Novel and Expedient Synthesis of 2‐(Thiomethyl)benzofurans
Authors: Gabriele Bartolo , Mancuso Raffaella , Salerno Giuseppe 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe 2‐thiomethylbenzofuran derivatives 3 are conveniently prepared in good yields through the reactions between the readily available 2‐methylene‐2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran‐3‐ols 1 and the thiol derivatives 2 (including alkyl thiols, thiophenol, and thioacetic acid). The allylic substitution process may be either acid‐catalysed or promoted by radical initiators. In the first case, the reactions are carried out at 90 °C in 1,2‐dimethoxyethane (DME) as the solvent in the presence of H2SO4 as the proton source. The radical‐promoted reactions take place in DME at 90 °C in the presence of azobis(isobutyronitrile) (AIBN) or benzoyl peroxide (BP) as the radical initiator.
Distinguishing Among Gases with a Semiconductor Sensor Depending on the Frequency Modulation of a Cyclic Temperature
Authors: Nakata Satoshi , Kashima Kenji 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA gas‐sensing system based on a dynamic nonlinear response shows enhanced selectivity of the sensor response toward sample vapors. A cyclic temperature composed of fundamental and 1.5‐th harmonics was applied to a SnO2 semiconductor gas sensor and the resulting conductance of the sensor was evaluated by a polynomial approximation. The dynamic nonlinear responses to the samples were further characterized by the addition of 1.5‐th harmonic perturbation as a frequency modulation. These characteristic sensor responses under frequency modulation were considered theoretically based on a reaction‐diffusion model for the semiconductor surface.
Third generation of focusing: Gel matrices with immobilized cation gradients
Authors: Zilberstein Gleb , Bukshpan Shmuel , Righetti Pier Giorgio 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA novel method is reviewed here for separation of polyanions, based not on conventional zone electrophoretic means, but on a “steady‐state” process by which said polyanions are driven to stationary zones along the migration path against a gradient of positive charges affixed to the neutral polyacrylamide matrix. As the total negative surface charge of such polyanions matches the surrounding charge density of the matrix, they stop migrating and remain stationary, as typical of steady‐state separation techniques. This technique has been successfully applied to SDS–protein micelles, DNAs, RNAs and heparins, with remarkable separations, often much superior than those obtained in conventional techniques. Additionally, by exploiting constant plateaus of charges, rather than gradients, it is possible to amplify the separation between species having closely spaced charge densities. This technique resembles a classical IEF process, with the proviso that the polyanions cannot be applied at any position along the gel matrix, but only at the point of low (or zero) charge density. The merits and limits of the technique are assessed.