bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A caregivers' perspective on social reintegration and stigma of childhood cancer survivors in Kenya
Authors: Lemmen Jesse , Mageto Susan , Njuguna Festus , Midiwo Nancy , Vik Terry A. , Kaspers Gertjan , Mostert Saskia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesChildhood cancer survivors' social reintegration may be hampered in low and middle‐income countries. The nature and extent of social challenges and prejudices that survivors encounter in such settings are largely unknown. This study explores caregivers' perspectives on social reintegration and stigmatization of Kenyan childhood cancer survivors.MethodsCaretakers of childhood cancer survivors (<18 years) were interviewed using mixed‐methods questionnaires during home or clinic visits between 2021 and 2022. Stigma was assessed with an adjusted Social Impact Scale and risk factors were investigated.ResultsCaretakers of 54 survivors (median age 11 years) were interviewed. Families' income (93%) decreased since start of treatment. Caretakers (44%) often lost their jobs. Financial struggles (88%) were a burden that provoked conflicts within communities (31%). School fees for siblings became unaffordable (52%). Families received negative responses (26%) and were left or avoided (13%) by community members after cancer disclosure. Survivors and families were discriminated against because the child was perceived fragile, and cancer was considered fatal, contagious, or witchcraft. Survivors repeated school levels (58%) and were excluded from school activities (19%) or bullied (13%). Performance limitations of daily activities (p = 0.019), male sex (p = 0.032), solid tumors (p = 0.056) and a short time since treatment completion (p = 0.047) were associated with increased stigma. Caretakers recommended educational programs in schools and communities to raise awareness about cancer treatment and curability.ConclusionsChildhood cancer survivors and their families experienced difficulties with re‐entry and stigmatization in society. Increasing cancer and survivorship awareness in schools and communities should facilitate social reintegration and prevent stigmatization.
Conversions and selectivities in cold plasma partial oxidation of methane
Authors: Müller Silvie , Ströfer Eckhard , Kohns Maximilian , Münnemann Kerstin , von Harbou Erik , Hasse Hans 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the present work, the application of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) cold plasma technology for the partial oxidation of methane was systematically studied. Conversion of the reactants and selectivities were measured using an elaborate product analysis from a recent work by Müller et al. varying the reactant ratio in the feed, the mole fraction of the inert carrier gas argon in the feed, and the specific energy input at operating conditions close to ambient. The results from 20 new experiments carried out in the present work complement 23 previous experiments and provide an unprecedented comprehensive quantitative data set. This extends the available knowledge of partial oxidation of methane in DBD cold plasma considerably and is useful for testing mechanistic models.
Efficient inactivation effect of plasma‐activated water on oral pathogens Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Jia Yikang , Song Tianyi , Dong Yulin , Wang Xiangyu , Zhang Rui , Zhao Pengyu , Ma Sihong , Li Kaiyu , Liu Jin , Zeng Guang , Wang Zifeng , Zhang Hao , Zhang Jishen , Guo Li , Liu Dingxin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOral diseases stemming from oral pathogenic bacteria pose a significant global health concern, and current methods for managing these pathogens have limitations. Plasma‐activated water (PAW), containing various reactive species, emerges as a promising disinfectant with impressive inactivation capabilities. In this study, PAW prepared by mixed‐mode plasma‐activated gases was applied to inactivate oral pathogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The PAW could reduce more than 6.1‐log10 planktonic bacteria and 4.1‐log10 bacteria within biofilm, respectively, and PAW treatment of planktonic bacteria effectively inhibited biofilm formation. Compared to chlorhexidine, PAW exhibited superior inactivation effects in both planktonic bacteria and biofilm. This study presented a potent strategy for bacteria eradication to reduce the incidence of oral diseases.
Targeting programmed cell death in inflammatory bowel disease through natural products: New insights from molecular mechanisms to targeted therapies
Authors: Wang Mengjie , Wang Zhiyuan , Li Zhichao , Qu Yuan , Zhao Jiting , Wang Lei , Zhou Xinpeng , Xu Ziqi , Zhang Di , Jiang Ping , Fan Bing , Liu Ying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an autoimmune disorder primarily characterized by intestinal inflammation and recurrent ulceration, leading to a compromised intestinal barrier and inflammatory infiltration. This disorder's pathogenesis is mainly attributed to extensive damage or death of intestinal epithelial cells, along with abnormal activation or impaired death regulation of immune cells and the release of various inflammatory factors, which contribute to the inflammatory environment in the intestines. Thus, maintaining intestinal homeostasis hinges on balancing the survival and functionality of various cell types. Programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, necroptosis, and neutrophil extracellular traps, are integral in the pathogenesis of IBD by mediating the death of intestinal epithelial and immune cells. Natural products derived from plants, fruits, and vegetables have shown potential in regulating PCD, offering preventive and therapeutic avenues for IBD. This article reviews the role of natural products in IBD treatment by focusing on targeting PCD pathways, opening new avenues for clinical IBD management.
Performance of Rotation‐Symmetric Bosonic Codes in a Quantum Repeater Network
Authors: Li Pei‐Zhe , Dias Josephine , Munro William J. , van Loock Peter , Nemoto Kae , Lo Piparo Nicoló 
Published: May 2024

AbstractQuantum error correction codes based on continuous variables play an important role for the implementation of quantum communication systems. A natural application of such codes occurs within quantum repeater systems which are used to combat severe channel losses and local gate errors. In particular, channel loss drastically reduces the distance of communication between remote users. Here, a cavity‐quantum electrodynamics (QED) based repeater scheme is considered to address the losses in the quantum channel. This repeater scheme relies on the transmission of a specific class of rotationally invariant error‐correcting codes. Several rotation‐symmetric bosonic codes (RSBCs) are compared for encoding the initial states of two remote users connected by a quantum repeater network against the convention of the cat codes and the performance of the system is quantified by using the secret key rate. In particular, the number of stations required to exchange a secret key over a fixed distance is determined and establish the resource overhead. For higher‐loss codes, the results show that a secret key rate (SKR) value of 0.01 bit per channel use can be achieved at a distance of 10000 km, with an elementary distance of 1.3 km.
Synthesis of N‐ureido Pyrrole Derivatives Through Gold‐Catalysed Reaction: Solvent and Catalyst Effect
Authors: Taşdemir Volkan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSubstituted pyrroles were obtained as a result of metal‐catalyzed cyclization of α propargyl acetophenone and α‐propargyl‐β‐ketoesters with semicarbazide. Optimum conditions and general procedures with high yields were established in a single pot. Eleven different N‐ureido‐pyrrole derivatives were successfully yielded. Different ynone derivatives having various functionalities did not affect the cyclization reaction but except a slight decrease in product yield. Screening of optimum catalyst revealed that gold(III) chloride was the best catalyst for the cyclization reaction. We believe that this is the first time an N‐ureido‐pyrrole skeleton starting from ynone has been synthesized in the literature.
Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of Nepeta Taxa Essential Oils from Turkey: Principal Component Analysis, Molecular Docking Study, Molecular Dynamics, MM‐PBSA and Drug‐Likeness Estimation
Authors: Yenigun Semiha , Basar Yunus , Gul Fatih , Marah Sarmad , Behcet Lutfi , Demirtas Ibrahim , Ozen Tevfik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNepeta taxa are popular plants and sources of traditional Turkish medicine. Chemical constituents in the essential oils (EOs) hydrodistilled from above‐ground parts of Nepeta aristata (NA), N. baytopii (NB), N. italica (NI), N. nuda (NN), and N. stenantha (NS) were determined using GC‐MS. The pharmacological activities of EOs, such as biological activities, were evaluated in vitro. DNA protection activities of NS‐EO were found to be the most effective. The NA‐EO, NI‐EO, and NS‐EO were more potent urease inhibitors, while the NS‐EO exhibited potent AChE inhibitors. Their molecular docking, molecular dynamics and enzyme inhibition results were compatible with the major components. Furthermore, MolDock and binding affinity results were found to be high. Moreover, AChE‐tau‐cadinol, BChE‐tau‐cadinol and tyrosinase‐Caryophyllene oxide complexes showed stability when simulated for 100 ns, with high MM‐PBSA energy values. In addition, the main components′ pharmacokinetic properties were observed to be effective. The present study showed that EOs may be valuable natural products for future pharmacological research, food, and the cosmetic industry according to in vitro and in silico values.
Microwave‐Assisted Preparation of an Acidic Deep Eutectic Solvent: Green Analysis, Characterization and Application
Authors: Yap Pei Gee , Wang Yong , Gan Chee Yuen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMicrowave irradiation was postulated to reduce time and energy for deep eutectic solvent (DES) production which is in line with the principle of green chemistry. In this study, the choline chloride (ChCl)‐malic acid (MA) DES was prepared using microwave‐assisted (DES‐Mic) and conventional (DES‐Con) approaches. Microwave was a relatively greener approach as it was rapid (5 min) and consumed 92.8 % energy less than DES‐Con. Moreover, DES‐Mic and DES‐Con exhibited similar physicochemical profiles (pH, solubility, density) and rheological properties. Structural profiling through FTIR analysis suggested hydrogen bond formation between the functional groups of ChCl and MA. The FTIR spectra also did not show structural differences in the DES synthesized using different methods. DES‐Mic and DES‐Con exhibited superior 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (80.8±0.1 and 83.2±0.3 %, respectively) free radical scavenging activities than ChCl (15.6±0.8 %), MA (20.0±1.4 %) and ChCl:MA aqueous mixture without subjected to DES synthesis conditions (ChCl:MAaq; 23.3±0.8 %). Both DES were also proven as more efficient solvents for the extraction of polysaccharides from ramie leaf, as they recorded higher yields (21.4±1.9 and 22.2±1.0 %, respectively) than equimolar of MA (17.7±2.6 %) and ChCl (6.4±0.2 %). Overall, microwave was proven as a more sustainable approach for DES preparation compared to conventional method, which could be further improvised for industrial applications.
Hydration of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO (001) Surfaces from First Principles
Authors: Maleki Farahnaz , Inico Elisabetta , Di Liberto Giovanni 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this work we present a computational study of alkaline earth oxides (001) surfaces interfaced with water by means of density functional theory (DFT) in conjunction with ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations. We studied the nature of MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO (001) surfaces in contact with water. Results show that water dissociation is promoted as the alkaline earth metal becomes heavier. Similarly, the coordination number of the cation atoms with water molecules follows the same trend, indicating a more favorable interaction. The combined analysis of rumpling and pair distribution functions allows to provide a correspondence between reactivity of atoms on the surface and capability to coordinate water molecules. Except for MgO, the remaining surfaces display strong structural changes upon hydration, a relevant message when modelling hydrated surfaces. We also investigated the effect of the water thickness by adsorbing a water monolayer and bilayer to the surface. The findings of the study and the adopted approach could be of help for future studies of more complex systems or to provide fundamental rationalizations.
NIR Absorbing Organic Chromophores Combination with NSAIDs for Remodeling of the Inflammatory Microenvironment to Amplify Tumor Ferroptosis‐Photothermal Synergistic Therapy
Authors: Chen Zhian , Zhang Di , Huang Huilin , Chen Jian , Li Zhenhao , Hu Yanfeng , Liu Ruiyuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotothermal therapy has emerged as a promising approach for cancer treatment, which can cause ferroptosis to enhance immunotherapeutic efficacy. However, excessively generated immunogenicity will induce serious inflammatory response syndrome, resulting in a discounted therapeutic effect. Herein, a kind of NIR absorption small organic chromophore nanoparticles (TTHM NPs) with high photothermal conversion efficiency (68.33%) is developed, which can induce mitochondria dysfunction, generate mitochondrial superoxide, and following ferroptosis. TTHM NPs‐based photothermal therapy is combined with Sulfasalazine (SUZ), a kind of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, to weaken inflammation and promote ferroptosis through suppressing glutamate/cystine (Glu/Cys) antiporter system Xc− (xCT). Additionally, the combination of SUZ with PTT can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), followed by promoting the maturation of DCs and the attraction of CD8+ T cell, which will secrete IFN‐γ and trigger self‐amplified ferroptosis via inhibiting xCT and simulating Acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 (ACSL4). Moreover, the in vivo results demonstrate that this combination therapy can suppress the expression of inflammatory factors, enhance dendritic cell activation, facilitate T‐cell infiltration, and realize effective thermal elimination of primary tumors and distant tumors. In general, this work provides an excellent example of combined medication and stimulates new thinking about onco‐therapy and inflammatory response.
Visible Light‐Gating Responsive Nanochannel for Controlled Release of the Fungicide
Authors: Li Wenjie , Li Guang , Xu Weiwei , Li Ziheng , Qu Haonan , Ma Cuiguang , Zhang Haifan , Cai Meng , Bahojb Noruzi Ehsan , Quan Jiaxin , Periyasami Govindasami , Li Haibing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFungicides have been widely used to protect crops from the disease of pythium aphanidermatum (PA). However, excessive use of synthetic fungicides can lead to fungal pathogens developing microbicide resistance. Recently, biomimetic nano‐delivery systems have been used for controlled release, reducing the overuse of fungicides, and thereby protecting the environment. In this paper, inspired by chloroplast membranes, visible light biomimetic channels are constructed by using retinal, the main component of green pigment on chloroplasts in plants, which can achieve the precise controlled release of the model fungicide methylene blue (MB). The experimental results show that the biomimetic channels have good circularity after and before light conditions. In addition, it is also found that the release of MB in visible light by the retinal‐modified channels is 8.78 µmol·m−2·h−1, which is four times higher than that in the before light conditions. Furthermore, MB, a bactericide drug model released under visible light, can effectively inhibit the growth of PA, reaching a 97% inhibition effect. The biomimetic nanochannels can realize the controlled release of the fungicide MB, which provides a new way for the treatment of PA on the leaves surface of cucumber, further expanding the application field of biomimetic nanomembrane carrier materials.
Bilateral Production Shield Enabling Highly Efficient Perovskite Photovoltaics
Authors: Zhu Xiao‐Zhao , Wang Kai‐Li , Jin Run‐Jun , Chen Jin‐Hui , Hao Yi‐Hong , Nizamani Namatullah , Liu Yuan , Zhu Ying‐Hui , Zhang Mei‐E , Wang Zhao‐Kui , Liao Liang‐Sheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEnhancing the intrinsic stability of perovskite and through encapsulation to isolate water, oxygen, and UV‐induced decomposition are currently common and most effective strategies in perovskite solar cells. Here, the atomic layer deposition process is employed to deposit a nanoscale (≈100 nm), uniform, and dense Al2O3 film on the front side of perovskite devices, effectively isolating them from the erosion caused by water and oxygen in the humid air. Simultaneously, nanoscale (≈100 nm) TiO2 films are also deposited on the glass surface to efficiently filter out the ultraviolet (UV) light in the light source, which induces degradation in perovskite. Ultimately, throughthe collaborative effects of both aspects, the stability of the devices is significantly improved under conditions of humid air and illumination. As a result, after storing the devices in ambient air for 1000 h, the efficiency only declines to 95%, and even after 662 h of UV exposure, the efficiency remains at 88%, far surpassing the performance of comparison devices. These results strongly indicate that the adopted Al2O3 and TiO2 thin films play a significant role in enhancing the stability of perovskite solar cells, demonstrating substantial potential for widespread industrial applications.
Achieving Excellent Strength–Ductility Synergy by Tailoring the Grain Size Distribution in a Metastable Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Guo Yanhui , Liu Xin , Fu Bin , Pang Linghuan , Li Xiaolin , Ding Yi 
Published: May 2024

Ultrafine/fine‐grained austenitic stainless steel (ASS) is prepared through severe cold rolling (CR) and subsequent annealing. The microstructure evolution and tensile deformation behavior is investigated, focusing on the influence of grain size distribution on the mechanical properties and strain‐hardening behavior of the ASS. In the results, it is revealed that obvious ultrafine/fine‐grained hierarchical microstructure forms after annealing at 650 °C for 80 and 110 min, respectively. And, the CR‐80 sample with more ultrafine grains (UFGs) (86%) exhibits good combination of strength and ductility. The yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength, and total elongation are 954 MPa, 1030 MPa, and 43.4%, respectively. The high YS mainly originates from the retained martensite and grain refinement strengthening, while the ductility enhancement can be attributed to the postponed transformation‐induced plasticity (TRIP) effect, which is a consequence of the significant number fraction of UFGs in the hierarchical microstructure. In this study, a new strategy is provided to solve the strength–ductility tradeoff in TRIP‐assisted metallic materials by tailoring the grain size distribution.
The discrete empirical interpolation method in class identification and data summarization
Authors: Hendryx Lyons Emily P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe discrete empirical interpolation method (DEIM) is well established as a means of performing model order reduction in approximating solutions to differential equations, but it has also more recently demonstrated potential in performing data class detection through subset selection. Leveraging the singular value decomposition (SVD) for dimension reduction, DEIM uses interpolatory projection to identify the representative rows and/or columns of a data matrix. This approach has been adapted to develop additional algorithms, including a CUR matrix factorization for performing dimension reduction while preserving the interpretability of the data. DEIM‐oversampling techniques have also been developed expressly for the purpose of index selection in identifying more DEIM representatives than would typically be allowed by the matrix rank. Even with these developments, there is still a relatively large gap in the literature regarding the use of DEIM in performing unsupervised learning tasks to analyze large datasets. Known examples of DEIM's demonstrated applicability include contexts such as physics‐based modeling/monitoring, electrocardiogram data summarization and classification, and document term subset selection. This overview presents a description of DEIM and some DEIM‐related algorithms, discusses existing results from the literature with an emphasis on more statistical‐learning‐based tasks, and identifies areas for further exploration moving forward.This article is categorized under:
Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Dimension Reduction
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Exploratory Data Analysis
Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Clustering and Classification
Singular solutions for space-time fractional equations in a bounded domain
Authors: Chan Hardy , Gómez-Castro David , Vázquez Juan Luis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper is devoted to describing a linear diffusion problem involving fractional-in-time derivatives and self-adjoint integro-differential space operators posed in bounded domains. One main concern of our paper is to deal with singular boundary data which are typical of fractional diffusion operators in space, and the other one is the consideration of the fractional-in-time Caputo and Riemann–Liouville derivatives in a unified way. We first construct classical solutions of our problems using the spectral theory and discussing the corresponding fractional-in-time ordinary differential equations. We take advantage of the duality between these fractional-in-time derivatives to introduce the notion of weak-dual solution for weighted-integrable data. As the main result of the paper, we prove the well-posedness of the initial and boundary-value problems in this sense.
Trauma und Erinnerung – ein Beitrag zur aktuellen Debatte in Recht und Psychotherapie
Authors: Schellong Julia , Schellong Anton , Gast Ursula , Frommberger Ulrich , Jatzko Alexander , Schäfer Ingo 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Abruf von Erinnerungen an vergangene Ereignisse, Gefühle und Erfahrungen ist ein komplexer Prozess. Wenn wir traumatische Ereignisse erleben, wie es bei sexualisierter Gewalt der Fall ist, ergibt sich eine ganze Reihe zusätzlicher Schwierigkeiten und Komplexitäten. Besonders wichtig wird dies in Gerichtsverfahren, die sich überwiegend oder ausschließlich auf die Aussage des Opfers stützen, wo das Problem der Fehlbarkeit des Gedächtnisses in den Mittelpunkt rückt. Einige Forschungsarbeiten betonen die Möglichkeit, Erinnerungen hervorzurufen, zu verändern oder zu unterdrücken, insbesondere im Rahmen einer Psychotherapie. Dies hat zu der bedauerlichen Tatsache geführt, dass die Aussagen von Betroffenen, die sich einer Psychotherapie unterzogen haben, häufig als unzuverlässig angesehen werden. Dies wiederum kann zu dem Eindruck führen, dass eine Entscheidung zwischen der Behandlung der negativen Auswirkungen traumatischer Ereignisse und der Maximierung der Chancen für eine Verurteilung des Täters vor Gericht getroffen werden müsse. Der vorliegende Beitrag führt in einige zentrale Konzepte unseres derzeitigen Verständnisses von Erinnerung ein und gibt einen Überblick über die einschlägige wissenschaftliche Literatur und Debatte. Anschließend wird das Dilemma in Bezug auf die verschiedenen Gruppen aller Beteiligten (das heißt Betroffene, Justizangehörige und Psychotherapeut:innen) untersucht. Schließlich wird ein Rahmen für die Lösung dieses Problems vorgeschlagen, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf der Forschung in entscheidenden Bereichen, auf der Erweiterung von Therapierichtlinien und Dokumentationsverfahren sowie auf der Kommunikation dieser Bemühungen an alle Beteiligten liegt.