bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting ocular pulse amplitude in eyes with open angle glaucoma and glaucoma‐suspect eyes
Authors: Choi Jaewan , Lee Jooeun , Park Sung B. , Lee Kyung S. , Sung Kyung R. , Kook Michael S. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract.Purpose:  To investigate the associations between ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) as measured by dynamic contour tonometry (DCT) and ocular and systemic factors in patients with open angle glaucoma (OAG) and in glaucoma suspects.Methods:  One hundred and seventy‐three glaucoma‐suspect patients were consecutively enrolled. All subjects underwent intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement by DCT and Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), OPA measurement by DCT, Humphrey visual field (HVF) examination and central corneal thickness measurements. Arterial pulse amplitude (APA) and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) were defined as the difference between systolic and diastolic BP and the difference between mean arterial pressure and IOP, respectively. All subjects also completed a systemized questionnaire on systemic vascular morbidities.Results:  Seventy‐four eyes were diagnosed with OAG, based on HVF results. The overall mean CCT was 538.2 ± 37.6 μm. In all 173 eyes, OPA was associated with spherical equivalent (SE, p < 0.001) and with IOP by GAT (p = 0.013) by multivariate analysis. Multivariate analysis of the 77 subgroup eyes of patients for whom BP parameters were available also revealed that OPA was associated with SE (p = 0.007) and with IOP by GAT (p < 0.001). When the subjects were classified into the groups with low, intermediate and high cardiovascular risk based on the questionnaire, there was no difference in OPA among these groups (p > 0.05).Conclusions:  Ocular pulse amplitude was associated with IOP measured by GAT and SE in patients with OAG and in glaucoma suspects. There was neither significant correlation between systemic hemodynamic parameters and OPA, nor difference of OPA in patients with different cardiovascular risk. OPA is primarily a measure of pressure, and there are certain limitations towards its use as a hemodynamic index.
Isolation of VanA-Type Vancomycin-Resistant
Enterococcus
Strains from Domestic Poultry Products with Enrichment by Incubation in Buffered Peptone Water at 42°C
Authors: Harada Tetsuya , Kanki Masashi , Kawai Takao , Taguchi Masumi , Asao Tsutomu , Kumeda Yuko 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Eight VanA-type enterococcal strains were isolated from 8 of 171 domestic poultry products by using enrichment by incubation in buffered peptone water at 35°C and 42°C. The pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns of all six VanA-type
Enterococcus faecalis
isolates were nearly indistinguishable, indicating the presence of a specific clone in Japan.
Effects of Source Water Quality on Chlorine Inactivation of Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, Echovirus, and Murine Norovirus
Authors: Kahler Amy M. , Cromeans Theresa L. , Roberts Jacquelin M. , Hill Vincent R. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

More information is needed on the disinfection efficacy of chlorine for viruses in source water. In this study, chlorine disinfection efficacy was investigated for USEPA Contaminant Candidate List viruses coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5), echovirus 1 (E1), murine norovirus (MNV), and human adenovirus 2 (HAdV2) in one untreated groundwater source and two partially treated surface waters. Disinfection experiments using pH 7 and 8 source water were carried out in duplicate, using 0.2 and 1 mg/liter free chlorine at 5 and 15°C. The efficiency factor Hom (EFH) model was used to calculate disinfectant concentration × contact time (CT) values (mg·min/liter) required to achieve 2-, 3-, and 4-log
10
reductions in viral titers. In all water types, chlorine disinfection was most effective for MNV, with 3-log
10
CT values at 5°C ranging from ≤0.020 to 0.034. Chlorine disinfection was least effective for CVB5 in all water types, with 3-log
10
CT values at 5°C ranging from 2.3 to 7.9. Overall, disinfection proceeded faster at 15°C and pH 7 for all water types. Inactivation of the study viruses was significantly different between water types, but no single source water had consistently different inactivation rates than another. CT values for CVB5 in one type of source water exceeded the recommended CT values set forth by USEPA's
Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems using Surface Water Sources
. The results of this study demonstrate that water quality plays a substantial role in the inactivation of viruses and should be considered when developing chlorination plans.
PROBING THE NUCLEAR MATTER AT HIGH BARYON AND ISOSPIN DENSITY WITH HEAVY ION COLLISIONS
Authors: DI TORO M. , COLONNA M. , FERINI G. , GIORDANO V. , GRECO V. , PLUMARI S. , RIZZO J. , LIU B. , BARAN V. , GAITANOS T. , PRASSA V. , WOLTER H. H. 
Published: June 2010

Heavy Ion Collisions (HIC) represent a unique tool to probe the in-medium nuclear interaction in regions away from saturation. High Energy Collisions are studied in order to access nuclear matter properties at high density. Particular attention is devoted to the selection of observables sensitive to the poorly known symmetry energy at high baryon density, of large fundamental interest, even for the astrophysics implications. Using fully consistent covariant transport simulations built on effective field theories we are testing isospin observables ranging from nucleon/cluster emissions, collective flows (in particular the elliptic, squeeze out, part) and meson production. The possibility to shed light on the controversial neutron/proton effective mass splitting in asymmetric matter is also stressed. The "symmetry" repulsion at high baryon density will also lead to an "earlier" hadron-deconfinement transition in n -rich matter. The phase transition of hadronic to quark matter at high baryon and isospin density is analyzed. Nonlinear relativistic mean field models are used to describe hadronic matter, and the MIT bag model is adopted for quark matter. The boundaries of the mixed phase and the related critical points for symmetric and asymmetric matter are obtained. Isospin effects appear to be rather significant. The binodal transition line of the ( T ,ρB) diagram is lowered in a region accessible to heavy ion collisions in the energy range of the new planned FAIR/NICA facilities. Some observable effects of the mixed phase are suggested, in particular a neutron distillation mechanism. Theoretically a very important problem appears to be the suitable treatment of the isovector part of the interaction in effective QCD lagrangian approaches.
MESONIC WEAK DECAY OF Λ–HYPERNUCLEI: A NEW TOOL FOR HYPERNUCLEAR SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: BUFALINO S. 
Published: June 2010

The FINUDA experiment has performed a systematic study of the Mesonic Weak Decay (MWD) of Λ hypernuclei by analyzing all the data collected from 2003 up to 2007. Negatively charged pion spectra from mesonic decay were measured with magnetic analysis for the first time for [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Branching ratio Γπ-/Γtot were derived from the measured spectra. Based on these measurements, the spin-parity assignment 1/2+ for [Formula: see text] and 5/2+ for [Formula: see text] ground-state are confirmed and a spin-parity 3/2+ for [Formula: see text] ground-state is assigned for the first time. Ideas for precision measurements of MWD at the J-PARC accelerator's complex are finally presented.
Restoring maps and memoirs to four-dimensional space using virtual globe technology: a case study from the Scottish Highlands
Authors: Simpson Carol , De Paor Declan 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Ben Peach and John Horne contributed to a revolution in the visualization of stratigraphy and structures using geological maps and cross-sections. In the century since their pioneering fieldwork, the analysis of map structures and the restoration of folds and faults in cross-sections have played a key role in enabling generations of structural geologists to develop theories of displacement and deformation in orogenic belts. However, classical printed maps have practical limitations. They are often inaccessible, they may be difficult to interpret and they are expensive to update when errors or new data come to light. Today, a new wave of the geological mapping revolution is in progress thanks to interactive geo-browsers such as Google Earth, which are opening up possibilities for tectonic visualization that were inconceivable only a decade ago. We discuss the digital deconstruction of classical geological maps of the British Isles and Ireland, such as those by William Smith, Sir Archibald Geikie, Ben Peach & John Horne, and others, and we demonstrate how Google Earth and Google SketchUp can turn the digitized versions of these maps into truly four-dimensional spatio-temporal visualizations.
Deformation temperatures, vorticity of flow and strain symmetry in the Loch Eriboll mylonites, NW Scotland: implications for the kinematic and structural evolution of the northernmost Moine Thrust zone
Authors: Thigpen J. Ryan , Law Richard D. , Lloyd Geoffrey E. , Brown Summer J. , Cook Brian 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

The Moine Thrust zone (MTZ) marks the Caledonian foreland-to-hinterland transition zone at the base of the Scandian (
c
. 430 Ma) orogenic wedge. In the Loch Eriboll region, the upper ductile part of the MTZ is composed in ascending order of two regionally extensive thrust sheets (Upper Arnaboll-Creag na Faoilin and Creagan) and is overlain by the Moine Nappe. Quartz crystal fabrics, kinematic vorticity (W

m

), and strain estimates from the ductile thrust sheets in this region are used to determine how pure and simple shear components of deformation are partitioned, and indicate that these processes may be thermally, structurally, and lithologically dependent. At the lowest structural levels, quartzite and gneiss in the Upper Arnaboll-Creag na Faoilin (UA-CNF) thrust sheet yield rigid grain-based arithmetic mean minimum (W

m

min) and mean maximum (W

m

max) vorticity estimates of 0.57 and 0.67, respectively (60–53% pure shear). Creagan thrust sheet mylonites yield W

m

min and W

m

max estimates of 0.59 and 0.72 (59–48% pure shear). At the highest structural levels, Moine Nappe mylonites yield W

m

min and W

m

max estimates of 0.59 and 0.71 (59–49% pure shear). Quartz
c
- and
a
-axis fabrics qualitatively indicate an increase in non-coaxial deformation (top-to-the-west) traced towards structurally higher levels, which is accompanied by increases in deformation temperature (
c
. 370 °C to
c
. 550 °C). Integrated strain and vorticity estimates indicate that significant sub-vertical foliation normal shortening has occurred as nappe stacking progressed.
Vorticity of flow in ductile thrust zones: examples from the Attico-Cycladic Massif (Internal Hellenides, Greece)
Authors: Xypolias P. , Spanos D. , Chatzaras V. , Kokkalas S. , Koukouvelas I. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Microstructural, petrofabric, strain and vorticity data from quartz-rich tectonites were used to investigate the kinematics of rock flow in the Evia and Ochi ductile thrust zones, formed during exhumation of the high-pressure nappes of the Attico-Cycladic Massif. The Evia thrust zone defines the base of the Styra nappe while the Ochi thrust zone defines the contact between the Styra and the overlying Ochi nappe. A dominant top-to-the-ENE sense of shearing along both thrust zones is indicated by several shear sense criteria. Deformation in the structurally deeper Evia thrust zone occurred under approximately plane strain conditions and was characterized by a R
XZ
strain ratio varying from 3 to 6. The vorticity profile above the thrust plane shows a slight down-section increase in the kinematic vorticity number (W

m

) from 0.8 to 0.9, as well as the presence of local thin domains with a higher pure shear component of deformation. In the overlying Ochi thrust zone, a downward increase in W

m

values from 0.6 to 0.9 is detected both above and below the thrust plane. Here, rocks have been deformed in the general constrictional field with R
XZ
values ranging between 5 and 8. A transport-parallel elongation of 30–90% and 50–160% has been estimated for the Evia and Ochi thrust zones, respectively, implying that ENE-directed extrusive flow controlled the formation, stacking and exhumation of the Styra and Ochi nappes.
Mid-Devonian sinistral transpressional movements on the Great Glen Fault: the rise of the Rosemarkie Inlier and the Acadian Event in Scotland
Authors: Mendum J. R. , Noble S. R. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

The Rosemarkie Inlier is a small fault-bounded lens of interleaved Moine psammites and possible Lewisianoid orthogneisses with distinctive leucogranite veins and pods that lies adjacent to the Great Glen Fault (GGF). The basement rocks and most of the leucogranites are strongly deformed and tightly folded with foliations generally steeply dipping and a locally well-developed NE-plunging rodding lineation. Mid-Devonian sandstone and conglomerate unconformably overlie the inlier on its western side. Monazite from a deformed leucogranite vein gave a mean ID-TIMS
207
Pb/
235
U age of 397.6±2.2 Ma and acicular zircons gave a compatible concordant ID-TIMS U–Pb age of 400.8±2.6 Ma, dating emplacement as mid-Devonian. Xenocrystic zircons from the leucogranites and complex zoned zircons from two adjacent tonalitic gneisses gave LA-MC-ICP-MS concordant ages between 2720 and 2930 Ma confirming their Archaean Lewisianoid origin. Leucogranite emplacement is interpreted to mark the onset of Acadian transpression and sinistral strike-slip movement on the GGF that resulted in multi-phase deformation and oblique exhumation of the Rosemarkie Inlier. The sequence and structure of the Early-Devonian Meall Fuar-mhonaidh Outlier, 32 km farther SW along the GGF, are also linked to this tectonic event, which was apparently localized along the main terrane-bounding faults in Scotland.
Calcitic nanofibres in soils and caves: a putative fungal contribution to carbonatogenesis
Authors: Bindschedler Saskia , Millière L. , Cailleau G. , Job D. , Verrecchia E. P. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The origin of soil mineralized nanofibres remains controversial. It is attributed to either biogenic factors or physicochemical processes. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope observations show that nanofibres could originate from the breakdown of fungal hyphae, especially its cell wall. It is hypothesized that during the decay of organic matter, cell wall microfibrils are released in the soil where they are exposed to mineralizing pore fluids, leading to their calcitic pseudomorphosis and/or are used as a template for calcite precipitation. When associated with needle fibre calcite bundles, nanofibres could indicate the relict of an organic sheath in which calcite has precipitated. This paper emphasizes the important roles of both organic matter and fungi in carbonatogenesis, and consequently in the soil carbon cycle.
Travertine terracing: patterns and mechanisms
Authors: Hammer Øyvind , Dysthe Dag K. , Jamtveit Bjørn 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Travertine terracing is one of the most eye-catching phenomena in limestone caves and around hydrothermal springs, but remains fairly poorly understood. The interactions between water chemistry, precipitation kinetics, topography, hydrodynamics, carbon dioxide degassing, biology, erosion and sedimentation constitute a complex, dynamic pattern formation process. The processes can be described and modeled at a range of abstraction levels. At the detailed level concerning the physical and chemical mechanisms responsible for precipitation localization at rims, a single explanation is probably insufficient. Instead, a multitude of effects are likely to contribute, of varying importance depending on scale, flux and other parameters.
Factors controlling growth of modern tufa: results of a field experiment
Authors: Gradziński Michał 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
A field experiment was performed at four sites in Slovakia and Poland in order to identify factors that influence the growth rate and textures of modern tufas. Two pairs of tablets were placed at each study point, every pair consisting of a limestone tablet and a copper tablet. One pair at each site was changed every three or four months, while the second pair was left for approximately 14 months. Each tablet was weighed before placing and after removal to find the amount of the tufa growth.

Tufa growth rate was found to depend on SI
calc.
of parent water, though deposition of tufa on limestone tablets was substantially faster than on copper tablets. This result indicates that micro-organisms are essential for more efficient growth of tufa. Tufa growth rate was higher in fast-flowing water than in nearby sluggish flow settings.

Fast-growing tufa has crystalline texture or consists of highly encrusted algal filaments. The latter texture is due to faster growth of micro-organisms, forced by rapid crystallization of calcite on their cells. The slow-growing tufa exhibits mainly micritic textures. Clotted micrite with numerous diatoms forms mostly in winter, while encrusted algal filaments are typical for spring and summer growth.
Critical Point Theorems for Nonlinear Dynamical Systems and Their Applications
Authors: Du Wei-Shih 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe present some new critical point theorems for nonlinear dynamical systems which are generalizations of Dancš-Hegedüs-Medvegyev's principle in uniform spaces and metric spaces by applying an abstract maximal element principle established by Lin and Du. We establish some generalizations of Ekeland's variational principle, Caristi's common fixed point theorem for multivalued maps, Takahashi's nonconvex minimization theorem, and common fuzzy fixed point theorem for "Equation missing"-functions. Some applications to the existence theorems of nonconvex versions of variational inclusion and disclusion problems in metric spaces are also given.
Pericardial Fat Is Associated With Prevalent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Thanassoulis George , Massaro Joseph M. , O'Donnell Christopher J. , Hoffmann Udo , Levy Daniel , Ellinor Patrick T. , Wang Thomas J. , Schnabel Renate B. , Vasan Ramachandran S. , Fox Caroline S. , Benjamin Emelia J. 
Published: June 2010

Background—
Obesity represents an important risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF). We tested the hypothesis that pericardial fat, a unique fat deposit in close anatomic proximity to cardiac structures and autonomic fibers, is associated with prevalent AF.

Methods and Results—
Participants from the Framingham Heart Study underwent multidetector computed tomography from 2002 to 2005. We estimated the association between quantitative pericardial, intrathoracic and visceral adipose tissue volumes (per standard deviation of volume) with prevalent AF adjusting for established AF risk factors (age, sex, systolic blood pressure, blood pressure treatment, PR interval, and clinically significant valvular disease). Of the 3217 eligible participants (mean age, 50.6±10.1 years; 48% women), 54 had a confirmed diagnosis of AF. Pericardial fat but not intrathoracic or visceral abdominal fat was associated with prevalent AF in multivariable-adjusted models (odds ratio per standard deviation of pericardial fat volume, 1.28; 95% confidence intervals, 1.03 to 1.58). Further adjustments for body mass index, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and intrathoracic fat volume did not materially change the association between pericardial fat and AF.

Conclusions—
Pericardial fat was associated with prevalent AF even after adjustment for AF risk factors, including body mass index. If this association is replicated, further investigations into the mechanisms linking pericardial fat to AF are merited.
Lack of Uniform Progression of Endocardial Scar in Patients With Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/Cardiomyopathy and Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Riley Michael P. , Zado Erica , Bala Rupa , Callans David J. , Cooper Joshua , Dixit Sanjay , Garcia Fermin , Gerstenfeld Edward P. , Hutchinson Mathew D. , Lin David , Patel Vickas , Verdino Ralph , Marchlinski Francis E. 
Published: June 2010

Background—
The endocardial substrate for ventricular arrhythmias in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVD/C) is thought to be caused by a progressive degenerative process. Many clinical decisions and treatment plans are guided by this pathophysiologic assumption, but the extent of progression of macroscopic endocardial scar and right ventricular (RV) dilatation have not been assessed.

Methods and Results—

Eleven patients with ARVD/C and ventricular tachycardia had 2 detailed sinus rhythm electroanatomic endocardial voltage maps (average, 291±122 points per map; range, 114 to 558 points) performed a mean of 57 months apart (minimum, 9 months) as part of ventricular tachycardia ablation procedures. Voltage-defined scar (<1.5 mV) and RV volume were measured by area and volume measurement software and compared. Two of the 11 patients had a clear increase in scar area (47 cm
2
; 32 cm
2
) confirmed by visual inspection. The remaining 9 (81%; 95% CI, 48% to 98%) patients had no increase (<10-cm
2
difference) in scar area between studies. In contrast, 10 of the 11 patients had a significant increase in RV volume, with an average increase of 24% (212±67 mL to 263±52 mL;
P
≤0.01).

Conclusions—
In patients with ARVD/C and ventricular tachycardia, progressive RV dilatation is the rule, and rapid progression of significant macroscopic endocardial scar occurs in only a subset of patients. These results have important management implications, suggesting that efforts to prevent RV dilatation in this population are needed and that an aggressive substrate-based ablation strategy offers the potential to provide long-term ventricular tachycardia control.
Electrocardiographic and Electrophysiological Characteristics in Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias Originating From the Papillary Muscles in the Left Ventricle
Authors: Yamada Takumi , Doppalapudi Harish , McElderry H. Thomas , Okada Taro , Murakami Yoshimasa , Inden Yasuya , Yoshida Yukihiko , Yoshida Naoki , Murohara Toyoaki , Epstein Andrew E. , Plumb Vance J. , Litovsky Silvio H. , Kay G. Neal 
Published: June 2010

Background—
Idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) can originate from the left ventricular papillary muscles (PAMs). This study investigated the electrophysiological characteristics of these VAs and their relevance for the results of catheter ablation.

Methods and Results—
We studied 19 patients who underwent successful catheter ablation of idiopathic VAs originating from the anterior (n=7) and posterior PAMs (n=12). Although an excellent pace map was obtained at the first ablation site in 17 patients, radiofrequency ablation at that site failed to eliminate the VAs, and radiofrequency lesions in a relatively wide area around that site were required to completely eliminate the VAs in all patients. Radiofrequency current with an irrigated or nonirrigated 8-mm-tip ablation catheter was required to achieve a lasting ablation of the PAM VA origins. During 42% of the PAM VAs, a sharp ventricular prepotential was recorded at the successful ablation site. In 9 (47%) patients, PAM VAs exhibited multiple QRS morphologies, with subtle, but distinguishable differences occurring spontaneously and after the ablation. In 7 (78%) of those patients, radiofrequency lesions on both sides of the PAMs where pacing could reproduce an excellent match to the 2 different QRS morphologies of the VAs were required to completely eliminate the VAs.

Conclusions—
Radiofrequency catheter ablation of idiopathic PAM VAs is challenging probably because the VA origin is located relatively deep beneath the endocardium of the PAMs. PAM VAs often exhibit multiple QRS morphologies, which may be caused by a single origin with preferential conduction resulting from the complex structure of the PAMs.