bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eagles’ syndrome, Is it the longest styloid process length to date? A case report and an overview of the literature
Authors: Alaqeeli Abdul-Aziz , Hamze Afaf K , Farag Ismail 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Eagle syndrome is a rare condition that occurs when the styloid process, a bony projection in the skull, becomes elongated and causes pain in the head, neck, and face. The causes of Eagle syndrome are not entirely clear, but it is believed to be related to a genetic predisposition or trauma to the head or neck. The most common symptoms of Eagle syndrome include a sharp pain in the throat or ear, difficulty swallowing, and a feeling of a foreign object in the throat. Other symptoms may include headaches, facial pain, and neck pain.
Diagnosis of Eagle syndrome can be challenging as symptoms can be mistaken for other conditions such as myofascial pain syndromes , glossopharyngeal or trigeminal neuralgias , migraine and cervical arthritis . however proper diagnosis can be established by performing adequate physical exam, taking clear medical history, and full workup including imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRIs to confirm the diagnosis.
Mapping the Gut-Brain Connection: Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Diverse Age Groups and Geographic Contexts
Authors: Ghosh Anindita , Jindal Palak , Nalwaya Nishita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This research aimed to discern the correlation between knowledge, attitude, and practices concerning gut health across various age groups and geographical settings. Drawing from a diverse demographic, the study exhibited an equal distribution between two main age brackets and cities, with a noticeable tilt towards female participants across various occupations. Misconceptions about the gut's anatomy and function were prominent, with a sizeable fraction equating the gut solely to the stomach. Moreover, the prevalent belief that passing 1-2 bowels daily indicates superior gut health signals a potential oversimplification of health markers. Despite growing scientific evidence emphasizing the gut's inter-connection with other systems, the surveyed population displayed limited awareness of these relationships. However, in exploring perceptions about functional foods, the study found a dichotomous opinion on their therapeutic role. Statistical analyses, including regression and correlation, revealed no significant age-dependent tendencies in the willingness to adopt dietary supplements, while only a weak correlation was detected between gender and two gut-related variables. The findings offer valuable insights for health educators, medical practitioners, and policymakers, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive educational campaigns tailored to address these misconceptions and reinforce a scientifically grounded understanding of gut health.
Activity and product distribution in Ni-Co and Ni-Cu catalyst-mediated lignin depolymerization into phenolic substances with isopropanol H-donating solvent
Authors: Ewuzie Remigius Nnadozie , Genza Jackson Robinson , Abdullah Ahmad Zuhairi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Lignin, a vital renewable biopolymer, serves as Earth's primary source of aromatics and carbon. Its depolymerization presents significant potential for producing phenolic fine chemicals. This study assesses promoted Ni-based bimetallic catalysts (Ni-Co/C and Ni-Cu/C) supported on activated carbon in isopropanol for lignin depolymerization, compared to monometallic counterparts. BET, SEM, EDX, and XPS analyses highlight their physicochemical properties and promotional effects, enhancing hydrogenolysis activity and hydrogen transformation. Reaction parameter exploration elucidates the influence on lignin depolymerization, with cobalt and copper as promoters notably increasing conversion and monomer yield. Ni-Co/C exhibits the highest lignin conversion (94.2 %) and maximum monomer yield (53.1 wt. %) under specified conditions, with lower activation energy (36.1  kJ/mol) and higher turnover frequency (31.6 h−1) compared to Ni/C. FT-IR, GPC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analyses confirm effective depolymerization, identifying 20 monomer products. Proposed reaction mechanisms underscore the potential of Ni-based bimetallic catalysts for lignin valorization, offering insights into developing efficient catalytic systems for lignin hydrogenolysis. This research enhances understanding and facilitates the development of selective catalytic processes for lignin valorization.
Optimizing autologous stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: early step-down ward vs. HEPA-filtered room settings – a practical approach for resource-constrained settings
Authors: Kunacheewa Chutima , Niwatkittipon Sukanpuk , Atakulreka Suparat , Donsakul Nawapotch , Kungwankiattichai Smith , Karoopongse Ekapun , Jianthanakanon Jane , Sonsak Narupon , Vittayawacharin Pongthep , Meeudompong Utairat , Sathapanapitagkit Natchanon , Kulchutisin Kamolchanok , Owattanapanich Weerapat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is a cornerstone treatment for multiple myeloma, and its application is increasing. Despite extensive studies, outpatient ASCT remains challenging in developing countries due to elevated infection risks, socioeconomic limitations, and logistical hurdles. This retrospective and prospective study analyzed 232 patients who underwent ASCT between January 2017 and October 2023. Participants were allocated into two cohorts: patients treated in high-efficiency particulate air-filtered rooms until discharge (HEPA-filtered group) and those who transitioned to a step-down ward postinfusion (SD group). The baseline characteristics of the patients in the groups were comparable. The primary endpoints were the incidence of febrile neutropenia and serious infectious complications, while the secondary endpoints were intensive care unit transfer rates, re-admission rates, therapy-related mortality, and overall survival. The incidence rates of febrile neutropenia were similar (94%), as were the rates of severe infections (septicemia rate: 13%). There were no differences in therapy-related mortality (30 days: 0%, 100 days: 0%) or overall survival. The early transition to the SD ward reduced the median duration of HEPA-filtered room use to 4 days without adversely impacting morbidity or mortality. These outcomes endorse the feasibility of conducting ASCT in non-HEPA-filtered settings in resource-constrained environments.
Employing Machine Learning Approaches and Multivariate Analysis to Assess Groundwater Quality for Irrigation in the Mornag Plain, Tunisia
Authors: Hfaiedh Emna , Gaagai Aissam , Moussa Amor Ben , Petitta Marco , Mlayah Ammar , Elsayed Salah , Elsherbiny Osama , Eid Mohamed Hamdy , Farouk Mohamed , Gad Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The crucial assessment of water quality in the Mornag Plain, Tunisia, is fundamental for reservoir management, ensuring suitability for consumption, and preserving environmental integrity. Employing a diverse range of methodologies, such as water quality indices (WQIs), statistical analyses, geographic information systems (GIS), and decision tree (DT) model, provided a nuanced understanding of the compositional attributes of groundwater designated for irrigation. Detected categories of water, for instance Na-Cl, Ca-Mg-SO4, and a combination of Ca-Mg-Cl/SO4, displayed unique chemical signatures. These patterns were shaped by diverse processes including interactions between water and rock, the breakdown of dolomite, the concentration of minerals through evaporation, the swapping of ions, and human impact. Evaluating groundwater's suitability for irrigation purposes by employing measures like Na%, SAR, SSP, and MH, demonstrated that a significant portion of the samples conformed to approved norms. However, the analysis revealing 65.6% of the IWQI and every instance of PS falling within the spectrum of high to severe constraints, as well as ranging from detrimental to unsatisfactory classes, underscores the obstacles in sustaining superior irrigation water standards. The predictive model, DT, demonstrated robust results in forecasting all water quality indices. The DT-HyC-9 model stood out as the top performer in prediction accuracy, demonstrating a robust correlation with prime factors affecting IWQI, as shown by substantial R2 metrics in both the training and evaluation phases. Likewise, the DT-HyC-3 approach showcased remarkable precision in forecasting IWQI, highlighting the critical role of three essential factors. These results provide crucial guidance for policymakers engaged in managing water quality, laying the groundwork for the sustainable management of water resources within the Mornag Plain. The integration of advanced methodologies and predictive models enhances the understanding of groundwater dynamics, facilitating informed decision-making for the region's water sustainability.
Neck Extensor Myopathy- A Treatable Cause of Dropped Head Syndrome
Authors: Varghese Nibu , D Vimal Chandraghosh K , Menon Deepak , Kattadimmal Anoop , P Abdurahiman , Mathew Jubin , S Shobika B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Dropped head syndrome (DHS) is characterized by a passively correctable chin-on-neck deformity in erect posture and can stem from a wide variety of neurological disorders spanning the neuraxis. . Neuromuscular disorders account for a major chunk of DHS and include disease of anterior horn cell diseases, polyradiculopathies and cervical plexopathies, disease of neuromuscular junction and myopathies. Isolated DHS without additional neurological features poses a management challenge, particularly because the symptoms can significantly impact the patient's quality of life and may not always respond to treatment..(Ref)Here we present a patient with isolated DHS with evaluation revealing isolated next extensor myopathy with remarkable response to treatment. Although isolated neck extensor myopathy typically exhibit poor immunomodulatory response, timely identification and early intervention probably can lead to a favourable outcome in a subgroup of patients.
Different arrival times of CM and CI-like bodies from the outer Solar System to the asteroid belt
Authors: Anderson Sarah , Vernazza Pierre , Brož Miroslav 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Understanding the provenance of CI and CM chondrites, the most primitive materials in our meteorite collections, is critical for shedding light on the Solar System’s early evolution [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] and contextualizing findings from recent sample return missions [6, 7]. Here we show that the parent bodies of CM chondrites originate from the Saturn formation region, whereas those of CI chondrites originate essentially from the primordial trans-Uranian disk. Using N-body simulations to investigate the effect of giant planet growth and inward Type-I migration [8, 9], along with the current observed distribution of CM, CI, and comet-like (P types) bodies in the asteroid belt [10], we demonstrate that CI and CM-like bodies must have been implanted at different times in the belt, while CI and comet-like bodies were implanted at the same time. These different implantation periods are imposed by the fact that the gas disk profile entirely governs the radial distribution of bodies implanted by aerodynamic drag in the asteroid belt. A preferred location coincides with the inner edge of a ‘gap’ opened by Jupiter. Saturn’s growth likely drove the migration of CM-like bodies, whereas CI and comet-like bodies were transported at a later stage, during the outward migration of Uranus and Neptune driven by remaining planetesimals. Since CM chondrites are chondrule-rich, it follows that chondrule formation occurred mostly inward of the ice giant’s formation zone (ď10 au). A by-product of our simulations is that only CM-like (not CI-like) bodies contributed to the water budget of the telluric planets.
Qanat Discharge Prediction Using a Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Samani Saeideh , Vadiati Meysam , Kisi Ozgur , Ghasemi Leyla , Farajzadeh Reza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The Qanat (also known as kariz) is one of the significant water resources in many arid and semiarid regions. The present research aims to use machine learning techniques for Qanat discharge (QD) prediction and find a practical model that predicts QD well. Gene expression programming (GEP), artificial neural network (ANN), group method of data handling (GMDH), least-square support vector machine (LSSVM) and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), are employed to predict one-, two-, and five-months time step ahead QD in an unconfined aquifer. QD for one, two, and three lag-times (QDt−1, QDt−2, QDt−3), QD for adjacent Qanat, the main meteorological components (Tt, ETt, Pt) and GWL for one, two, and three lag-times are utilized as input dataset to accomplish accurate QD prediction. The GMDH model, according to its best results, had promising accuracy in predicting multi-step ahead monthly QD, followed by the LSSVM, ANFIS, ANN and GEP, respectively.
The effect of different weaning strategies on piglet growth performance, onset of feed intake and gut health
Authors: Leal Diego Feitosa , de Paula Ygor Henrique , Faria Caroline Beatriz de Sousa , Costa Gabriel Augusto Martins e , Tavares Izabel Cristina , CANTARELLI VINICIUS 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the present study, we evaluated the effects of weaning strategy on piglet growth performance and intestinal health. A total of 254 crossbred piglets were used. The experimental period lasted 45 days. The piglets were assigned to the fallowing treatments: early strategic weaning (ESW, n = 85), piglets weaned at 16 days of age and transferred to the pre-nursery unit; strategic segregated weaning (SSW, n = 85), piglets weaned at 21 days of age and kept in the farrowing crate until 24 days of age; and conventional weaning (CW, n = 84), piglet weaned at 24 days of age and transferred directly to the nursery unity; this experimental group was used as a control. Piglets from all treatments were transferred to the nursery unit at 24 days of age. For the nursery phase three periods of evaluation was considered: nursery phase I (0–7 d), nursery phase II (7–14 d), and nursery phase III (14–21 days). Piglets from the ESW and CW had greater (P < 0.001) ADG in the lactation period 16–21 days. The BW at 24 day of age was higher (P < 0.001) for piglets in the ESW and CW groups. In the nursery phase I, the ESW group had higher (P = 0.003) DFI. Piglets from the ESW group had higher (P = 0.004) BW at the end of the experimental period. The ESW and SSW groups had a higher percentage of piglets (88% and 92%, respectively; P < 0,001) consuming feed in the first 24 h after transference to the nursery facility. When the total experimental period is considered, a reduction (P < 0.001) in the incidence of diarrhea was observed for ESW piglets. Overall, there was no effect of weaning strategy on intestinal permeability. In conclusion, the results of our study showed that the weaning strategy, Segregated Strategic Weaning, can be used to mitigate the deleterious effects of early weaning.
Parents' Distress &amp; Demands for Children with Cancer-Related Cognitive Impairment in Western China: A qualitative study
Authors: Liu Tao , Xu Lifang , Shen Yuqing , Chen Zefang , Yao Juan , mo lin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cancer-related Cognitive impairment is one of the common complications in children with cancer, yet our understanding of their experience with cognitive deficits remains limited.From the perspective of parents, this study aims to understand the distress and demands faced by children with cancer-related cognitive dysfunction, in order to provide references for developing targeted intervention strategies for these children.This study used a purposeful sampling method to conduct semi-structured interviews with the parents of 18 children with cancer-related cognitive impairment. The transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's method. Three categories and 11 subcategories were obtained from the data analysis.(a)Parents face multiple distressing symptoms of cognitive in children,including speech communication difficulties, impaired executive function,attention deficit, and intellectual disability.(b)Presistent negative emotions,including anxiety and worry,complaints and resentment,negative avoidance and positive experiences after psychological adjustment.(c)Multiple needs, including the need for disease information, the need for professional management, and an urgent need for more external support.Parents of children with cancer-related cognitive impairments are faced with the burden of multiple symptoms, coupled with significant confusion and demands regarding the symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. It is imperative for medical professionals to strengthen the dissemination of information related to cancer-associated cognitive impairments, while promptly recognizing and intervening in related symptoms. Rational allocation of resources, establishment of targeted support systems, and enhancing social acceptance are strategies that policymakers may consider.These efforts hold immense significance, as they play a pivotal role in elevating the cognitive capabilities and enhancing the overall quality of life for children afflicted with cancer.
The effect of neurofeedback and somatosensory exercises on balance and physical performance of elderly individuals: A parallel single-blinded randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sedighi Saeedeh , Sahebozamani Mansour , Eslami Mahin , Babakhanian Shima , Alimoradi Mohammad , Iranmanesh Mojtaba 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study explores the impact of 5 weeks of neurofeedback and somatosensory exercises on balance and physical performance in elderly communities, aiming to mitigate age-related declines in sensory processing and motor function. Sixty healthy elderly men were randomly assigned to one of three groups: neurofeedback + somatosensory training, somatosensory training alone, or a control group. The interventions were conducted over a period of 5 weeks, with three sessions per week. Before and after interventions, static balance by Stork test, dynamic balance by Timed up and Go test and physical performance by Continuous Scale-Physical Functional Performance-10 (CS-PFP—10) test were measured. Significant improvements were observed in balance and physical performance among healthy elderly men following 5 weeks of neurofeedback + somatosensory training or somatosensory training alone. The Stork test (open and closed eyes) and Timed Up and Go test demonstrated significant reductions in duration across both intervention groups (p = 0.001), indicating improved balance and mobility. However, no significant difference was observed among groups in the CS-PFP-10 test (p = 0.066). The results demonstrated that incorporating neurofeedback training into somatosensory exercises can offer benefits for healthy elderly individuals in terms of balance and mobility parameters.
Co-designing chip package structure on the ceramic vapor chamber for the high-conducting heat packaging
Authors: Bai Pengfei , Wang Huawei , Zhang Xiaotong , Cui He , Tang Yifan , Liang Shaoyu , Li Shixiao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Conventional chip packaging generates a huge thermal resistance due to the low thermal conductivity of the packaging materials that separate chip dies and coolant. Some chip package structures with liquid cooling are developed, but at the same time, these will bring additional risks to running safety. Here we propose and fabricate a completely closed high-conducting heat chip package based on the passive phase change and the compatible material with the chip dies: chip on vapor chamber (CoVC), to realize the rapid diffusion of the heat of hot spots, so as to completely eliminate the energy consumption of the refrigeration which usually takes up the largest share in the power of the heat management. Multi-scale wicks and bionic vein structures are applied to CoVC. The multi-scale wick could increase the turning heat load of the CoVC from 20 W to 140 W, which was a 600% increase. The combination of bionic vein structure and CoVC has an increase of 164% in the heat transfer performance. The thermal resistance of the package was only a third of that traditional package. This means that the structure of CoVC has a good ability in thermal conducting and can reduce energy consumption for heat dissipation.
Evaluation of high-resolution precipitation datasets CHIRPS, TerraClimate and TAMSAT over the Enkangala Escarpment of South Africa
Authors: Abubakar Hadisu Bello 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance three high resolution rainfall products (CHIRPS, TerraClimate and TAMSAT) with reference to ground rain observations network of 25 weather stations data over Enkangala Escarpment of South Africa, for the period of 40 years. We used continuous, categorical, and volumetric indices, and at various elevations, and temporal scales (monthly, seasonal, and annual). CHIRPS have shown the best statistical scores at monthly, seasonal (DJF, SON, and MAM) and annual scales owing to it high r values, lower RMSE, higher IA and relatively low bias for the magnitude. The correlation analysis of elevation shows CHIRPS resolve problem of orographic rainfall better than TerraClimate and TAMSAT. Overall, the underestimation of rainfall by CHIRPS at monthly scale is approximately 1.6 mm, seasonal (6.5–15) mm and annual 29.47 mm while TerraClimate overestimate at annual scale (17.1) mm with higher RSME. Based on the categorical metrics it shows both data set can detect rainfall estimate at various scale but varies with increase in elevation. TAMSAT provide poor estimations at monthly and annual scale but render it not suitable for hydrological studies over Enkangala Escarpment. We recommend CHIRPS as alternative to station dataset.
Integrated Influence of Changing LULC and Aridity on Runoff Curve Numbers
Authors: Prashant Prashant , Mishra Surendra Kumar , Lohani Anil Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The popular Soil Conservation Service-Curve Number (SCS-CN) method is widely used for direct surface runoff estimation from a given amount of rainfall in a watershed. The present urban sprawl, socioeconomic anthropogenic activities, and environmental changes all have affected the cosmic extent of land use-land cover (LULC) complex and climate, both spatially and temporally, which directly affect the parameter curve number (CN) and, in turn, the direct surface runoff. Therefore, the study propels the disparity of representative CNs of SCS-CN methodology, which is usually derived from NEH-4 tables based on land use and soil type (CNLU−ST) and from the observed rainfall(P)-runoff(Q) events (CNP−Q). The annual series of CNP−Q and CNLU−ST (from 1980 to 2020) showed the existence of trends and the inconsistency between CNP−Q and CNLU−ST for the Ong River basin (India). The land use and land cover (LULC) alteration analysis utilized the supervised machine learning algorithm and indicated two major LULC classes as the contributing factors for increasing CNs. Furthermore, the study attributes the implications of shifting LULC dynamics (~ 70%) and climate variations (~ 30%) to the watershed. Employing Aridity Index (AI), as a parameter in solving the disparity for representative CNs for annual/decadal values revealed strong evidence with a fit of high R2 range (0.72, 0.99) of LULC and aridity influencing CNs.