bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NETWORKS AND PARTNERSHIPS FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE? THE PRAGMATIC TURN IN THE RELIGIOUS SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT DEBATE IN SOUTH AFRICA1
Authors: SWART IGNATIUS 
Published: January 2012

Abstract<title> Abstract </title>This article offers a critical account of the turn in the religious social development debate in South Africa from its initial critical people-centred disposition to a preoccupation with pragmatic considerations, that is, its elaborated claim on the need for a formal religion-state partnership in the field of social development on the basis of the extensiveness and effectiveness of existing welfare and social development networks run by the religious sector. After presenting a brief overview of the initial social development debate, the article unpacks and discusses the essential shift in the debate and the respective support that it has found in the idea of social capital and a selective reading of an American case study to sustain its pragmatic argument. Finally, the article looks beyond the current limitations in the debate and concludes with an argument for renewed critical engagement by the religious sector in South Africa by which it would (1) advance a moral debate about social structure and direction, and (2) become a rigorous exponent itself of the social development paradigm on the level of actual implementation and empowerment 'from below.'
SHIFTING PERSPECTIVES ON THE COMPARATIVE PARADIGM IN (SOUTH) AFRICAN BIBLICAL SCHOLARSHIP
Authors: WEST GERALD 
Published: January 2012

Abstract<title> Abstract </title>The comparative paradigmisthemostpervasiveinterpretive framework in Africanbiblical scholarship.Recent work hasattempted to chart the contours of this paradigm and tonote its historicalandhermeneutical development.This articlejoinsthediscussion, by locating SouthAfricanbiblicalscholarshipwithinthis paradigm and by offering an analysis of the comparativeparadigm interms ofits understandingof colonialism.The argument put forwardisthat amore nuancedand complexunderstandingof colonialism may provide new angles of analysis both of the comparative paradigm itself and of the task of African biblical scholarship.
A Climatological Study of the Nocturnal Boundary Layer over a Complex-Terrain Station
Authors: Kumar M. Shravan , Anandan V. K. , Rao T. Narayana , Reddy P. Narasimha 
Published: January 2012

AbstractTwo years of Doppler sodar measurements are used to study the time–height structure of the nocturnal boundary layer (NBL), its seasonal variation, and the characteristics of different types of NBL. A total of 220 clear-sky nights during which the inversion layer is clearly visible on a sodar echogram are examined. The NBL depth estimated with sodar data using a wind maxima criterion matches reasonably well with radiosonde-based NBL depth estimates. The NBL exhibits clear seasonal variation with greater depths during the monsoon season. Shallow NBLs are generally observed in winter. The evolution of NBL height shows two distinctly different patterns (called type 1 and type 2), particularly in the second half of the night. Type 1 NBL depth is nearly constant and the wind speed in this type is generally weak and steady throughout the night, while type 2 is characterized by moderate to strong winds with considerable variations in NBL height. The local circulation generated by the complex topography is clearly seen in type 1 throughout the night, whereas it is seen only in the first half of the night in type 2. Type 1 NBLs seem to be more prevalent over Gadanki, India, with nearly 61% of total nights showing type 1 characteristics. Furthermore, type 1 NBL shows large seasonal variability with the majority of type 1 cases in winter. The type 2 cases are mostly observed in monsoon (~60%) followed by summer (39%). The surface meteorological parameters during type 1 and type 2 cases are examined. Differences between type 1 and type 2 NBL patterns are discussed in relation to the surface forcing.
Factors for the Simulation of Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves
Authors: Seo Kyong-Hwan , Choi Jin-Ho , Han Sang-Dae 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
This study investigates the major factors for the realistic simulation of convectively coupled Kelvin waves (CCKWs) using the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Climate Forecast System (CFS) models. CFS simulations employing relaxed Arakawa–Schubert (RAS; hereafter CTRL) and simplified Arakawa–Schubert (SAS) cumulus parameterization schemes show that the former generates the observed Kelvin wave signature more realistically than the latter does. For example, the space–time spectral signal, eastward propagation, and tilted (and second baroclinic mode) vertical structures in convection, temperature, moisture, and circulation anomalies associated with CCKWs in CTRL are more comparable to observations than in the SAS simulation. CTRL and observations demonstrate the characteristic evolution and vertical heating profile associated with CCKWs similar to those seen in mesoscale convective systems in the tropics: shallow convection, followed by deep convection and then stratiform cloudiness, and resulting in a top-heavy diabatic heating profile. Five additional experiments demonstrate that the effects of convective downdrafts, subgrid-scale convective rain evaporation, and large-scale rain evaporation on CCKWs are assessed to be insignificant in CTRL, possibly due to a more humid environment than observation. However, the Kelvin wave signals are reduced by ~40% when shallow convection is disabled. More importantly, the removal of convective detrainment at the cloud top results in the greatest reduction in Kelvin wave activity (by more than 70%). Therefore, the preconditioning of the atmosphere by shallow convection and detrainment of water vapor and condensate from convective updrafts to the environment and subsequent stratiform heating (grid-scale condensational heating)/precipitation processes are the two most crucial factors for the successful simulation of CCKWs.
On the Inconsistent Relationship between Pacific and Atlantic Niños*
Authors: Lübbecke Joke F. , McPhaden Michael J. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The tropical Atlantic wind response to El Niño forcing is robust, with weakened northeast trade winds north of the equator and strengthened southeast trade winds along and south of the equator. However, the relationship between sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the eastern equatorial Pacific and Atlantic is inconsistent, with El Niño events followed sometimes by warm and other times by cold boreal summer anomalies in the Atlantic cold tongue region. Using observational data and a hindcast simulation of the Nucleus for European Modeling of the Ocean (NEMO) global model at 0.5° resolution (NEMO-ORCA05), this inconsistent SST relationship is shown to be at least partly attributable to a delayed negative feedback in the tropical Atlantic that is active in years with a warm or neutral response in the eastern equatorial Atlantic. In these years, the boreal spring warming in the northern tropical Atlantic that is a typical response to El Niño is pronounced, setting up a strong meridional SST gradient. This leads to a negative wind stress curl anomaly to the north of the equator that generates downwelling Rossby waves. When these waves reach the western boundary, they are reflected into downwelling equatorial Kelvin waves that reach the cold tongue region in late boreal summer to counteract the initial cooling that is due to the boreal winter wind stress response to El Niño. In contrast, this initial cooling persists or is amplified in years in which the boreal spring northern tropical Atlantic warming is weak or absent either because of a positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase or an early termination of the Pacific El Niño event.
A comprehensive plan for differentiating the training of teachers of the gifted online at the state, district and university levels in Florida, USA
Authors: Eriksson Gillian , Weber Christine , Kirsch Lauri 
Published: January 2012

The training of teachers for a meaningful use of all that contemporary technology offers to developing curriculum requires constant vigilance, experimentation, innovation, revision and updating. The lifestyle of today’s gifted students includes a range of ever-unfolding technologies, such as text messaging, blogging, social networking, personal webpages, video pods, streamed television, online textbooks, online knowledge base, web searching, presentation tools, desktop publishing, graphics infused in word processing, simulations and complex gaming. At the same time, the technology literacy of most teachers is in ‘catch-up mode’ with constant retraining about how to provide curricula that includes webquests, virtual field trips, virtual passports, interactive maps (Google Earth) and webliography (TrackStar), presented in diverse formats. The following questions will be examined in this paper: How do you cross regional boundaries and local educational administration to provide a comprehensive state-wide teacher training system in gifted education? How do you differentiate teacher training in gifted education that uses appropriate methods, strategies and best practices in teaching gifted students? How do you incorporate the daily technology needs and uses of gifted students into training their teachers? How can you provide teacher training that is independent of time and space to reach teachers beyond their classroom yet make it directly applicable? How do you structure a system of accountability that meets state and national standards for gifted education? In the state of Florida, USA, a three-tiered comprehensive approach provides online training and certification to teachers at the state level, through the WOGI (Working on Gifted Issues) project, at the district level that builds on Florida State Training Modules for local relevance, and at the university level that can be incorporated into a graduate Master’s degree with a specialization in gifted education.
‘My feet – visible, but ignored . . .’ A qualitative study of foot care for people with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Williams Anita E , Graham Andrea S 
Published: January 2012

Objective: To explore patients’ experiences of foot problems associated with rheumatoid arthritis, from onset of symptoms to being provided with foot health interventions. Design: A qualitative design was used with an interpretive phenomenological approach to the data collection and analysis. Setting: University of Salford, School of Health Science. Subjects: Sixteen female and six male adults with rheumatoid arthritis-related foot problems and experience of receiving foot health interventions. Method: Data were collected through digital recordings of three focus groups which were conducted by an experienced researcher. An observer made field notes. Transcribed data were analysed using a thematic framework. Data were verified with randomly selected participants and agreement achieved with the participants, researcher and observer. Results: The results were organized into five themes: the significance of foot symptoms in relation to diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis; knowledge of and explanation about foot symptoms; accessing foot health interventions; the effectiveness of foot health interventions; and improvements to foot health interventions. Despite foot problems being of concern to the participants, they were often ignored by practitioners from before diagnosis through to foot management. Conclusions: This study has highlighted a polarity between what these participants need in relation to their foot symptoms and the management of them. That foot problems are often ignored is of concern at multiple levels. These range from the implications of ignoring foot symptoms that may aid diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, to ignoring the need for effective foot health interventions.
Osteogenesis of mineralized collagen bone graft modified by PLA and calcium sulfate hemihydrate: In vivo study
Authors: Liu Xi , Liu Huan-Ye , Lian Xiaojie , Shi Xin-Li , Wang Wei , Cui Fu-Zhai , Zhang Yang 
Published: January 2012

In this study, the biocompatibility and bone regeneration performance of nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/poly(L-lactide) (nHAC/PLA) and nano-hydroxyapatite/collagen/calcium sulfate hemihydrate (nHAC/CSH) as bone-filling materials were evaluated and compared in a critical box-shaped defect model in the mandible of the rabbits. In vivo results indicated that there was significant difference in early bone remodeling between two types of bone substitutes. nHAC/PLA has shown excellent biocompatibility, but no adequate handling properties. The addition of CSH to nHAC provided better manipulability compared to nHAC/PLA. Furthermore, nHAC/CSH possesses superior properties in restoring critical-sized bone defects of maxillofacial region at the early stage of remodeling over nHAC/PLA. Our results suggested that nHAC/CSH could be an alternative to the conventionally used bone tissue engineering materials.
Influence of joint models on lower-limb musculo-tendon forces and three-dimensional joint reaction forces during gait
Authors: Dumas Raphaël , Moissenet Florent , Gasparutto Xavier , Cheze Laurence 
Published: January 2012

Several three-dimensional (3D) lower-limb musculo-skeletal models have been developed for gait analysis and different hip, knee and ankle joint models have been considered in the literature. Conversely to the influence of the musculo-tendon geometry, the influence of the joint models - i.e. number of degrees of freedom and passive joint moments - on the estimated musculo-tendon forces and 3D joint reaction forces has not been extensively examined. In this paper musculo-tendon forces and 3D joint reaction forces have been estimated for one subject and one gait cycle with nine variations of a musculoskeletal model and outputs have been compared to measured electromyographic signals and knee joint contact forces. The model outputs are generally in line with the measured signals. However, the 3D joint reaction forces were higher than published values and the contact forces measured for the subject. The results of this study show that, with more degrees of freedom in the model, the musculo-tendon forces and the 3D joint reaction forces tend to increase but with some redistribution between the muscles. In addition, when taking into account passive joint moments, the 3D joint reaction forces tend to decrease during the stance phase and increase during the swing phase. Although further investigations are needed, a five-degree-of-freedom lower-limb musculo-skeletal model with some angle-dependent joint coupling and stiffness seems to provide satisfactory musculo-tendon forces and 3D joint reaction forces.
The impact of interventionist regulation in reshaping news agendas: A comparative analysis of public and commercially funded television journalism
Authors: Cushion Stephen , Lewis Justin , Ramsay Gordon Neil 
Published: January 2012

In this article we draw on a specific case study – the re-regulation of BBC political reporting in the nations and regions in the UK post-devolution – to compare the BBC’s interventionist, public service framework with the ‘light touch’ regime of commercial broadcasting. We carried out a content analysis of BBC Television News (where issues of accuracy and impartiality are regulated by the BBC Trust), and three commercially funded channels (where programme content is entirely regulated by Ofcom) before and after an editorial intervention by the BBC Trust. We found that the BBC improved the balance and accuracy of its television news coverage whereas commercial broadcasters continued to overlook or misrepresent the reality of devolved politics in the UK. While it can be difficult to demonstrate empirically how regulation can enhance media content compared to a ‘light touch’ system – as our study found – we suggest that the impact of regulatory interventions should be more central to journalism studies internationally.
Gauging triple stores with actual biological data
Authors: Mironov Vladimir , Seethappan Nirmala , Blondé Ward , Antezana Erick , Splendiani Andrea , Kuiper Martin 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
Semantic Web technologies have been developed to overcome the limitations of the current Web and conventional data integration solutions. The Semantic Web is expected to link all the data present on the Internet instead of linking just documents. One of the foundations of the Semantic Web technologies is the knowledge representation language Resource Description Framework (RDF). Knowledge expressed in RDF is typically stored in so-called triple stores (also known as RDF stores), from which it can be retrieved with SPARQL, a language designed for querying RDF-based models. The Semantic Web technologies should allow federated queries over multiple triple stores. In this paper we compare the efficiency of a set of biologically relevant queries as applied to a number of different triple store implementations.

Results
Previously we developed a library of queries to guide the use of our knowledge base Cell Cycle Ontology implemented as a triple store. We have now compared the performance of these queries on five non-commercial triple stores: OpenLink Virtuoso (Open-Source Edition), Jena SDB, Jena TDB, SwiftOWLIM and 4Store. We examined three performance aspects: the data uploading time, the query execution time and the scalability. The queries we had chosen addressed diverse ontological or biological questions, and we found that individual store performance was quite query-specific. We identified three groups of queries displaying similar behaviour across the different stores: 1) relatively short response time queries, 2) moderate response time queries and 3) relatively long response time queries. SwiftOWLIM proved to be a winner in the first group, 4Store in the second one and Virtuoso in the third one.

Conclusions
Our analysis showed that some queries behaved idiosyncratically, in a triple store specific manner, mainly with SwiftOWLIM and 4Store. Virtuoso, as expected, displayed a very balanced performance - its load time and its response time for all the tested queries were better than average among the selected stores; it showed a very good scalability and a reasonable run-to-run reproducibility. Jena SDB and Jena TDB were consistently slower than the other three implementations. Our analysis demonstrated that most queries developed for Virtuoso could be successfully used for other implementations.
Transcriptional profiling of bovine milk using RNA sequencing
Authors: Wickramasinghe Saumya , Rincon Gonzalo , Islas-Trejo Alma , Medrano Juan F 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
Cow milk is a complex bioactive fluid consumed by humans beyond infancy. Even though the chemical and physical properties of cow milk are well characterized, very limited research has been done on characterizing the milk transcriptome. This study performs a comprehensive expression profiling of genes expressed in milk somatic cells of transition (day 15), peak (day 90) and late (day 250) lactation Holstein cows by RNA sequencing. Milk samples were collected from Holstein cows at 15, 90 and 250 days of lactation, and RNA was extracted from the pelleted milk cells. Gene expression analysis was conducted by Illumina RNA sequencing. Sequence reads were assembled and analyzed in CLC Genomics Workbench. Gene Ontology (GO) and pathway analysis were performed using the Blast2GO program and GeneGo application of MetaCore program.

Results
A total of 16,892 genes were expressed in transition lactation, 19,094 genes were expressed in peak lactation and 18,070 genes were expressed in late lactation. Regardless of the lactation stage approximately 9,000 genes showed ubiquitous expression. Genes encoding caseins, whey proteins and enzymes in lactose synthesis pathway showed higher expression in early lactation. The majority of genes in the fat metabolism pathway had high expression in transition and peak lactation milk. Most of the genes encoding for endogenous proteases and enzymes in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway showed higher expression along the course of lactation.

Conclusions
This is the first study to describe the comprehensive bovine milk transcriptome in Holstein cows. The results revealed that 69% of NCBI Btau 4.0 annotated genes are expressed in bovine milk somatic cells. Most of the genes were ubiquitously expressed in all three stages of lactation. However, a fraction of the milk transcriptome has genes devoted to specific functions unique to the lactation stage. This indicates the ability of milk somatic cells to adapt to different molecular functions according to the biological need of the animal. This study provides a valuable insight into the biology of lactation in the cow, as well as many avenues for future research on the bovine lactome.
Disruption of CTCF at the miR-125b1 locus in gynecological cancers
Authors: Soto-Reyes Ernesto , González-Barrios Rodrigo , Cisneros-Soberanis Fernanda , Herrera-Goepfert Roberto , Pérez Víctor , Cantú David , Prada Diddier , Castro Clementina , Recillas-Targa Félix , Herrera Luis A 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Background
In cancer cells, transcriptional gene silencing has been associated with genetic and epigenetic defects. The disruption of DNA methylation patterns and covalent histone marks has been associated with cancer development. Until recently, microRNA (miRNA) gene silencing was not well understood. In particular, miR-125b1 has been suggested to be an miRNA with tumor suppressor activity, and it has been shown to be deregulated in various human cancers. In the present study, we evaluated the DNA methylation at the CpG island proximal to the transcription start site of miR-125b1 in cancer cell lines as well as in normal tissues and gynecological tumor samples. In addition, we analyzed the association of CTCF and covalent histone modifications at the miR-125b1 locus.

Methods
To assess the DNA methylation status of the miR-125b1, genomic DNA was transformed with sodium bisulfite, and then PCR-amplified with modified primers and sequenced. The miR-125b1 gene expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR using U6 as a control for constitutive gene expression. CTCF repressive histone marks abundance was evaluated by chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.

Results
The disruption of CTCF in breast cancer cells correlated with the incorporation of repressive histone marks such H3K9me3 and H3K27me3 as well as with aberrant DNA methylation patterns. To determine the effect of DNA methylation at the CpG island of miR-125b1 on the expression of this gene, we performed a qRT-PCR assay. We observed a significant reduction on the expression of miR-125b1 in cancer cells in comparison with controls, suggesting that DNA methylation at the CpG island might reduce miR-125b1 expression. These effects were observed in other gynecological cancers, including ovarian and cervical tumors.

Conclusions
A reduction of miR-125b1 expression in cancers, correlated with methylation, repressive histone marks and loss of CTCF binding at the promoter region.