bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Control of the Topside Electromagnetic Environment
Authors: GALLAGHER CHARLES J. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThe surface combatant's topside electromagnetic environment is becoming more complex. The quantity of antennas has been increasing, radiation characteristics are becoming more varied, and there are more modes of operation and a larger library of radiating parameters. Automatic computer control of radiators is more prevalent as is increased output power. Furthermore, there has been a reduction in maximum safe exposure limits for personnel, and there is an increased awareness of the importance of radar cross section reduction. The result is that ship designers and system operators are faced with conflicting requirements. The future will require electronic equipment designers to be more innovative and replace traditional systems with those of more flexibility. Potential solutions to the situation will require increased attention to both topside design and to the tools provided to the operators. Areas warranting further attention include the physical shape of the topside structure and equipment, movable antennas, increased use of radiation absorbing material, and movable radiation barriers. Safe radiation limits for personnel need to be made more flexible. Wartime rules and battle conditions will be different than peacetime. Some of our ordnance needs to be tested and possibly redesigned, so as to be less susceptible to electromagnetic radiation. And finally, complex surface combatants will require computer‐based expert systems to assist the operators in making decisions as to what to radiate, how to permit or restrict the movement and firing of ordnance, and the limitations to be placed on personnel access topside under peacetime, wartime and battle conditions.
The Navy, Industry, and Diesel Propulsion for American Submarines 1914–1940
Authors: WEIR GARY E. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThe United States Navy seized the initiative in diesel development and production after World War One as a direct result of its experience with poorly designed submarine engines produced by the New London Ship and Engine Company (Nelseco). Until 1919, the Navy left the development of submarine diesels to the private sector. However, the limits of Nelseco's expertise and the unwillingness of its parent company, Electric Boat, to correct the torsional vibration problems caused by the Nelseco machinery, led the Navy to alter its policy dramatically. Encouraged by the success of its Bureau‐MAN diesels, the Bureau of Engineering acquired a production license from the diesel manufacturer Maschinenfabrik Augsburg‐Nürnburg (M.A.N.) to supplement the Navy's development effort. It then launched a program to refine electric propulsion for submarines which helped place the private sector at the Navy's disposal for lighter, high‐speed diesels. By 1940, a better informed and equipped Navy set the standards and the private sector followed its direction.
Risk Management in Repair Work Decision Making
Authors: SMITH BERTRAM D. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTRepair work decision making for Navy surface ship depot availabilities has challenged maintenance managers for many years. Today's environment of reduced maintenance funding increases the magnitude of this challenge. Effective decision making in these circumstances requires not only properly assessing but also capably managing the risk of deferred work that results.Risk has two elements, severity of failure and probability of failure. Although the severity of failure sometimes overshadows the probability of failure in repair work considerations, both play an important role in making effective decisions. The result of using both correctly provides a reliable basis for evaluating the risk of deferred work accurately and establishing the risk management actions necessary to minimize the effects of in‐service failure.This paper proposes a methodology to evaluate the relative risks of deferred work decisions in terms of successful depot availability completion and subsequent ship operational reliability. It also permits correlating those risks with maintenance funds requirements. Finally, it outlines different risk management approaches that may be taken to deal effectively with the deferred work that ultimately results.
Standard Hardware Acquisition and Reliability Program: Concepts, Benefits, and Potential
Authors: WEAVER LARRY W. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThe Standard Hardware Acquisition and Reliability Program (SHARP) includes three major categories of hardware standards. They are Standard Electronic Modules (SEM), Standard Power Supplies (SPS), and Standard Electronic Enclosures (SES). SHARP responsibilities include development and testing of these standards and their integration into electronic systems. The purpose of SHARP is to reduce development, production, and logistics support costs of electronic systems; to improve system operational availability; and to shorten the system acquisition cycle. The basic concepts applied towards this purpose are: functional standardization; functional specification; a disciplined quality program; design flexibility; and emphasis on design for maintenance and repair. The paper describes the application of these concepts in the SHARP program and how they result in:— improved performance and supportability;— multisystem application of functional standards:— standard interfaces between system elements;— competitive procurement of hardware;— improved system readiness;— interchangeability of spares;— introduction of new technology into deployed systems;— improved testability; and— reduced cost to the Department of Defense (DoD).SHARP experience and benefits to the user are described, including specific applications of SHARP hardware in DoD systems and examples of multimillion dollar cost savings to these systems. The status of current SHARP initiatives and potential savings through broader application of SHARP in system developments are then discussed.
Planing Analysis Simplified by a Redefinition of Coefficients
Authors: COLTON RUSSELL F. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTA new set of dimensionless coefficients is proposed which greatly reduces the complexity of the planing analysis. The new coefficients use various powers of the center of pressure length “cp.” When these are employed, the variation of wetted length with speed becomes a single curve, the variation of trim angle with speed becomes a single curve, optimum performance is clearly indicated, and center of pressure for porpoise‐free operation is only a function of speed and deadrise angle.
LHD‐1 – Designed for Marine Corps A viation
Authors: HACKETT JOHN P. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThe new LHD‐1 multipurpose amphibious ship currently entering service with the U.S. Navy is a major new weapon system with a multimission capability. The LHD's primary mission is to launch an amphibious assault and provide aviation support to the assault echelon. In its secondary mission as a sea control ship, it could augment a carrier battle group and provide a cost‐effective force multiplier.As the first ship specifically designed to support and operate the fixed wing light attack AV‐8B Harrier II V/STOL and the rotary wing CH‐53E Super Stallion helicopter, the LHD will be the most effective ship platform developed to date for tactical support of amphibious operations. The LHD has been designed to support Marine Corps aviation more effectively than any other amphibious ship by providing maintenance and repair shops, spare parts including engines and transmissions, weapons stowage and handling, and aircraft command and control. This ship/aircraft system will allow the projection of tactical air capability into a larger combat support area and at the same time provide a high degree of flexibility for the amphibious ready group commander.
Quality Perception: A Comparison Between the Navy and the Commercial Environment
Authors: PERKINS CHARLES ALAN 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThis paper reports on an aspect of an empirical study of the Navy procurement process which identifies, ranks, and evaluates quality measures for their potential use by Navy contracting officers in making contract source selection decisions. The subject of quality perception is one of three major sections of the main study.As a first step in dealing with the perception of quality, it is important to establish an operational definition of quality. After reviewing the works of the principal authors in the study of quality, an approach suggested by David Garvin was selected. This approach breaks quality into characteristics or components and thus provides a framework to define quality and a basis to develop objective quality criteria.Since the Navy purchase environment is impacted by many factors outside the control of the individual contracting officer, part of the research effort explored how major characteristics of Navy procurement can influence the contracting officer's contract source selection decision.The study itself used two similar questionnaires testing seven hypotheses. The first was directed to the seventy‐seven designated Navy program managers. The second was sent to Navy contracting officers and commercial/industrial purchasing officials.Nonparametric and exploratory data analysis statistical tools were used to test several hypotheses related to quality. The results confirmed a difference in the approach to quality between the Navy and commercial environment and showed potential for practical application of an objective measurement system which was the major objective of the research.
Process Control in a Foreign Acquisition
Authors: HALPER IRVING D. , PRENTICE GEORGE S. , SELVIDGE RONALD B. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTIn 1973, the Boston Naval Shipyard was closed. That shipyard's forge shop was the only source, worldwide, for forged (die‐lock) aircraft carrier anchor chain. The Navy determined that a domestic manufacturing facility for large size welded chain was being constructed and decided to develop a specification for a welded carrier anchor chain. Cutbacks in the offshore oil industry stopped construction of that plant and the Navy became dependent on foreign sources.The initial procurement of welded aircraft carrier chain invoked society inspection and certification, and until problems were discovered during shipboard installation, was considered satisfactory. A recheck of the chain, with the certification society's participation, revealed that physical dimensions, breaking strength, and metallurgical properties failed to meet specified values.The next buy of new and replacement chain imposed more stringent QA requirements. It was awarded to the same foreign manufacturer on a competitive bid basis. Because of the prior problems with this vendor, the Navy determined that an on‐site inspection team was needed to ensure specification compliance.The experiences of that team are described in this paper. The lessons that were learned relative to the manufacturing process, the lack of communication between QA management and production personnel, and the need for close control over specification enforcement are discussed.
Real‐Time Management Information System (ROMIS): Making Configuration and Logistics Data Available for Multiple Users
Authors: SMITH FRANK T. , DILISIO F. SCOTT 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTROMIS is a NavSea system used to record, monitor, track and display configuration development and related integrated logistic support (ILS) data for contractor and government furnished equipment to be installed in new construction, major conversion, modernization, reactivation and overhaul programs. The system provides project managers with the necessary information to achieve configuration management, configuration status accounting, allowance development, outfitting and other ILS goals at established milestones.Created for a microcomputer environment, ROMIS is a modular system composed of commercially available fourth generation language (4GL) based application programs developed through rapid prototyping. The system represents the application of advanced technology to existing methods and procedures in order to improve quality and reduce cost. This paper describes the background, methods and benefits of this application.
Readiness Based Sparing: Improved Readiness at Reduced Cost
Authors: BURDICK LENNY 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTSince Fiscal Year 1979, Congress has required thai Defense Department budgets provide the relationship between resources and readiness. This required that the Navy establish a measure of material readiness. Operational availability, or Ao, became the measure of material readiness in 1981. In March of 1981, CNO approved the Availability Centered Inventory Model (ACIM) as the Navy spares optimization model for use in shipboard weapon systems and equipment applications. The early 1980s terminology of “Sparing to Availability” is currently termed “Readiness Based Sparing.” CNO mandated in August 1986, the universal application of readiness based sparing techniques to all non‐nuclear ACAT I, II and III acquisition programs.RBS is not just a model into which data is input and an allowance of spare parts is printed out. RBS is a process that requires consistent and continuous integration and correlation of spares data to total system data, operating parameters and requirements. Support requirements must be determined in conjunction with the total weapon system, and material readiness, measure of effectiveness and performance should be assessed against that same measure. Traditional measures of supply system effectiveness are only partial input data to the ultimate requirement of weapon system material readiness.The Readiness Based Sparing Process is a disciplined integration of design, configuration management, maintenance, and logistics support. RBS is system specific. Therefore, all data that is input to an RBS model must be system application specific. Today's data collection systems, and consequently the budget and execution processes, are not oriented to specific weapon system management. Consequently, the current and ongoing agenda in the implementation and institutionalization of Readiness Based Sparing – The Process, is directed towards the integration of logistics data bases, and the data within those data bases, to a weapon system management orientation.
Hydrofoil Craft Performance Calculation
Authors: LATORRE ROBERT 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTNaval and commercial hydrofoil craft have become commonplace. While articles on hydrofoil performance and hydrofoil craft operations have been published, there is relatively little available material on the calculation of hydrofoil craft take off. This paper summarizes ongoing work at the University of New Orleans to develop the Soviet approach to hydrofoil vessel performance calculations and to extend this approach for use on personal computers.
A Generic Controller Card Set
Authors: BAUER ROBYN E. , PRICE ROGER L. , SCOTT TIMOTHY G. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the design of a generic controller card set (GCCS) which conforms to the Multibus II protocol. The GCCS design meets Navy Standard Electronic Module (SEM) format “E,” and consists of eight “building block” cards. Configuration flexibility permits the GCCS to perform many controller applications. The eight modules are: a central processing unit (CPU) card, controller card, central services module (CSM), analog to digital (A/D) card, digital to analog (D/A) card, discrete input and output (I/O) card, random access memory (RAM) card, and erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM) card. Each card contains both on‐line and off‐line built‐in‐test (BIT), which aids in fault diagnosis.
Aegis AAW Correlator/Tracker (AACT) Experiment
Authors: GRANT CONRAD J. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThe Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, in continuing development of the Aegis Command and Control capabilities aboard USS Ticonderoga class cruisers and USS Arleigh Burke class destroyers, under the direction of the Aegis Shipbuilding Project (PMS‐400), is in the process of developing the Aegis AAW Correlator/Tracker (AACT) to experiment with and evaluate the capability to correlate track and contact data from over‐the‐horizon (OTH) sources and sensors with the shipboard real‐time tactical picture. AACT, which is based on multi‐hypothesis correlation algorithms, is intended to be fully automated; requiring little or no operator interaction in spite of ambiguous or conflicting data. Unlike other OTH correlator/tracker designs, the experimental AACT capability is highly integrated with the combat system. It makes maximum use of the shipboard sensor data, such as that provided by the AN/SPY‐1 radar, to provide the basis from which to correlate the OTH data in areas of mutual sensor coverage. This approach helps to resolve the traditional conflicts between the tactical picture derived from battle group sensors and that derived from OTH sensors, and provides command the track data in the formats, rates, and timeliness needed to fight the AAW battle.This paper describes the AACT concept, design, and implementation. It addresses the plans for installation of AACT aboard an Aegis cruiser for evaluation of this capability in an operational environment.
RAMP: A Test Bed for the Navy's Use of PDES Product Data
Authors: KIRKSHARIAN ARON 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTThe Rapid Acquisition of Manufactured Parts (RAMP) Project is a U.S. Navy program employing computer‐integrated manufacturing (CIM) technologies and Computer‐Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support (CALS) standards to facilitate parts procurement in the Navy supply system. As an R&D manufacturing/logistics program administered through the Naval Supply Systems Command (NavSup), RAMP is serving as a test bed for the ordering and manufacturing of parts using prototype versions of the Product Data Exchange Specification (PDES). The central theme of this paper is to highlight the objectives of RAMP which include (1) the integration of CIM technologies into the Navy logistics system, (2) the specification of procedures and standards to communicate part requirements to automated manufacturing activities, and (3) the installation of flexible CIM cells in Navy industrial sites. In large measure, the eventual success of RAMP will corroborate the feasibility of using neutral product data standards to procure and maintain naval weapon systems in the 1990s and beyond.
Advanced Technology in Navy Logistics Support
Authors: HOUTS ROBERT E. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTIn the face of present and foreseeable budget constraints which will severely restrict the amount of funding available to provide logistics support to the Navy's operating forces, the Naval Supply Systems Command's Advanced Logistics Technology Division is actively pursuing a number of efforts to apply current and emerging technology to improve logistics systems and methodologies. The Engineering Data Management Information and Control System (EDMICS) Program will automate the technical information process from initial acquisition through delivery to the end user, addressing the inability of current paper‐based systems to cope with the tidal wave of information requirements for the effective management of weapon and logistics systems. Rapid Acquisition of Manufactured Parts (RAMP) Program is applying computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) technology to the production of spare parts which are normally available only at great cost and with extensive lead time. The Standard Hardware Acquisition and Reliability Program (SHARP) will standardize electronic system hardware (i.e., modules, power supplies, enclosures and batteries) to decrease development and logistics costs, while providing dramatic increases in component and system reliability. The Integrated Diagnostic Support System (IDSS) project is integrating diagnostic design into the weapon system development process to enhance the ability of the organizational level technician to detect and isolate system/equipment failures. This paper discusses each of these ongoing projects as well as a number of new initiatives being explored for future funding.
Use of Expert Systems to Enhance Logistic Management
Authors: CASSANO ANTHONY J. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTExpert Systems are at work in a variety of technical and managerial applications. Using custom designed knowledge bases and decision rules, expert systems prompt the user to explain a problem and then offer solutions or advice on how to proceed to solve the problem. A properly designed expert system maximizes the virtues of human experts by emphasizing performance and reliability, by being easy to use, by being able to explain its advice and entire line of reasoning and by being capable of interfacing with other computer systems and databases. This paper surveys the development of expert systems and offers a discussion of some aspects of expert system design and introduction. The paper concludes with a review of Navy logistics expert systems now in design.
Fire Protective Coating System for Shipboard Electrical Cables
Authors: WARD THOMAS A. , YKEMA JOHN I. 
Published: March 2009

ABSTRACTFires aboard U.S. naval ships pose a threat not only to human life, but to ship survivability and combat readiness. The U.S. Navy recognized the need to upgrade and utilize state of the art fire fighting equipment, reduce the flammability of materials used on ships and to employ methods to control fire propagation.This paper focuses on the historical development of a method to control fire propagation from compartment to compartment via the ships electrical cable system. The jacket insulation material on the cables is plasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC). These cables will ignite when exposed to a fire source and transport the fire along the cable runs. The Navy, being cognizant of the potential disasterous effects of electrical cable fires, implemented programs to assess the problem. Actual shipboard fire characteristics of cables were studied in conjunction with evaluating methods and materials to control ignition and flame spread.The development and testing of a fire protective intumescent coating to meet the Navy's requirements to control fire propagation along cableways on existing ships is delineated.