bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low humidity after harvest changes the abscission site in bunch cherry tomatoes
Authors: Dvir Orit , Farber Inon , Rom Moran , Rachman Anna , Beno‐Moualem Delila , Meir Shimon , Lichter Amnon 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: In bunch cherry tomatoes (BCTs) abscission of the fruit from the bunch, rather than deterioration of fruit determines the life‐span of the produce. Two abscission sites have been characterised: the joint (AJ) in the middle of the pedicel, and at the receptacle (AR) at the fruit‐pedicel interphase. The type of abscission is sensitive to growth conditions; joint abscission is typical of winter harvests whereas receptacle abscission is dominant in summer harvests. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of relative humidity (RH) in terms of water vapour pressure deficit (WVPD) during storage and shelf life on the course and site of abscission of BCTs.RESULTS: The rachis composes only about 2% of the bunch weight, and therefore most of the water loss originated from the fruit. When the bunch lost almost 10% of its weight under low humidity, the relative weight of the rachis was reduced to one‐quarter of its original value. Storage at low WVPD resulted in dominance of AJ whereas storage at high WVPD resulted in dominance of AR. BCTs that exhibited primarily AJ after cold storage was prone to either AJ or AR in high or low shelf‐life RH, respectively. BCTs subjected to elevated temperature and high WVPD after harvest developed receptacle abscission.CONCLUSION: Dehydration of the receptacle abscission zone makes it prone to abscission and this process can be prevented by high‐RH storage. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
α‐Glucosidase and α‐amylase inhibitory activities of phloroglucinal derivatives from edible marine brown alga, Ecklonia cava
Authors: Lee Sang‐Hoon , Yong‐Li  , Karadeniz Fatih , Kim Moon‐Moo , Kim Se‐Kwon 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by defects in insulin secretion and action, which can lead to damaged blood vessels and nerves. With respect to effective therapeutic approaches to treatment of DM, much effort has being made to investigate potential inhibitors against α‐glucosidase and α‐amylase from natural products. The edible marine brown alga Ecklonia cava has been reported to possess various interesting bioactivities, which are studied here.RESULTS: In this study, five phloroglucinal derivatives were isolated from Ecklonia cava: fucodiphloroethol G (1), dieckol (2), 6,6′‐bieckol (3), 7‐phloroeckol (4) and phlorofucofuroeckol A (5); compounds 1, 3 and 4 were obtained from this genus for the first time and with higher yield. The structural elucidation of these derivatives was completely assigned by comprehensive analysis of nuclear magnetic spectral data. The anti‐diabetic activities of these derivatives were also assessed using an enzymatic inhibitory assay against rat intestinal α‐glucosidase and porcine pancreatic α‐amylase. Most of these phlorotannins showed significant inhibitory activities in a dose‐dependent manner, responding to both enzymes, especially compound 2, with the lowest IC50 values at 10.8 µmol L−1 (α‐glucosidase) and 124.9 µmol L−1 (α‐amylase), respectively. Further study of compound 2 revealed a non‐competitive inhibitory activity against α‐glucosidase using Lineweaver‐Burk plots.CONCLUSION: These results suggested that Ecklonia cava can be used for nutritious, nutraceutical and functional foods in diabetes as well as for related symptoms. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Clustering and compatibility between tourism attractions
Authors: Weidenfeld Adi , Butler Richard W. , Williams Allan M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCumulative attraction or compatibility is a powerful factor in locational decisions of retail outlets, but it has received little attention in the tourism literature. Existing studies largely ignore the impact of spatial and thematic clustering on compatibility between tourism businesses. This research questions whether and how spatial and thematic clustering are related to tourist movements between visitor attractions. The study in Cornwall, England, is based on in‐depth interviews with tourist attraction managers and key informants, complemented by a survey of 435 tourists. It provides insights into the relationship between the nature of the tourism product, spatial clustering and tourism behaviour. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic polymorphisms in chronic hyperplastic sinusitis with nasal polyposis
Authors: Bernstein Joel M. , Anon Jack B. , Rontal Michael , Conroy Jeffrey , Wang Chong , Sucheston Lara 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Although many proinflammatory cytokines have been identified in nasal polyp tissue, the initial trigger that causes this inflammation characterized by edema, lymphocytosis, and eosinophilia, is still unknown. The purpose of the present study is to identify the presence of genetic polymorphisms in proinflammatory, anti‐inflammatory, and chemokine genes that might contribute to genetic susceptibility to chronic hyperplastic sinusitis with nasal polyposis (CHSwNP).Study Design:Case control study.Methods:Buccal swabs were taken from the left and right oral mucosal surfaces from 179 patients with CHSwNP and 153 nonpolyposis controls with the Purgene DNA purification protocol (Gentra). Genotyping assays for cytokine gene loci were performed on 14 cytokine genes using the iPlex Gold and the Mass Array Compact system (Sequenom, San Diego, CA). Tests of Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium proportions were performed separately in the cases and controls. Tests for evidence of association between alleles at each single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and case‐control status were performed using unconditional logistic regression.Results:The frequency of the A allele in a SNP located in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α (rs1800629) is significantly different in patients with nasal polyposis versus controls without nasal polyposis, 18.6% and 11.5%, respectively with an individuals' odds of susceptibility to nasal polyps increasing almost two‐fold (odds ratio, 1.86; confidence interval, 1.4–3.09) given at least one copy of the A allele at this SNP. All other cytokine gene polymorphisms of both inflammatory, anti‐inflammatory, and chemokine genes were not statistically different between the two groups.Conclusions:TNF‐α‐308, a SNP in the promoter region of this cytokine gene is associated with increased odds of developing nasal polyposis. TNF‐α is a potent immuno‐mediator and proinflammatory cytokine that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a large number of human diseases. The location of this gene on the short arm of chromosome 6, with the major histocompatibility complex genes and complement, has raised the probability that polymorphism within this locus may contribute to a genetic association of this region of the genome with a wide variety of infectious and autoimmune diseases. Laryngoscope, 2009
Efficacy of microdebrider intracapsular adenotonsillectomy as validated by polysomnography
Authors: Reilly Brian K. , Levin Joshua , Sheldon Stephen , Harsanyi Krisztina , Gerber Mark E. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate the efficacy of microdebrider intracapsular tonsillectomy (MT) as a treatment for pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and sleep disordered breathing.Study Design:A retrospective study evaluating polysomnogram outcomes for 26 patients who had undergone MT by a sole surgeon (M.G.) for OSA.Methods:Chart review of patients who underwent polysomnograms pre‐ and post‐adenotonsillectomy. This study represents a single pediatric otolaryngologist's experience at two tertiary care medical centers (Children's Memorial Hospital and Evanston Hospital) in the greater Chicago area.Results:Statistically significant improvement of both the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) and apnea index with P < .0001. All 26 children in the cohort had improved AHI scores following intracapsular tonsillectomy. Statistical analysis was performed using a P value < .05, which was significant.Conclusions:MT is an effective means of treating obstructive sleep apnea. Because of its favorable surgical outcomes and minimal morbidity, an increasing number of studies have found MT to be an excellent option for the surgical management of adenotonsillar hypertrophy in pediatric patients with OSA. Laryngoscope, 2009
Hip flexor fatigue limits walking in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease
Authors: Ramdharry Gita M. , Day Brian L. , Reilly Mary M. , Marsden Jonathan F. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractCharcot–Marie–Tooth (CMT) disease results in distal lower limb weakness that affects walking. In this study we assess the role of the hip flexors in compensating for distal weakness while walking and the effects of prolonged walking on these putative compensatory strategies. Eighteen subjects with CMT disease were compared with 14 matched controls while they walked on a treadmill to a predetermined point of perceived effort. A significant reduction was observed in peak hip flexor velocity during walking and hip flexor maximal voluntary contraction. In a second session following selective fatigue of the hip flexors, hip flexor velocity decreased immediately on walking, and walking duration was greatly reduced. This study suggests that hip flexors compensate for distal weakness and that fatigue in the hip flexors can limit walking duration. Treatments directed toward improving proximal muscle strength may therefore help to delay onset of hip flexor fatigue and thus prolong walking duration. Muscle Nerve, 2009
Perceptions of bed days for individuals with chronic illness in extended care facilities
Authors: Fox Mary T. , Sidani Souraya , Brooks Dina 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe explored perceptions of bed days (defined as staying in bed for 1 or more days per week) in 46 patients receiving extended in‐patient services for chronic illness management. Illness onset or exacerbation (35%), limited mobility (22%), and tiredness (15%) were the most prevalent reasons for initiating bed days. Tiredness (44%), limited mobility (26%), pain (24%), bowel treatment (22), and conserving energy for future activities (20%) were the most prevalent current reasons. Most participants (74%) noted having been involved in decisions concerning bed days and preferred to continue bed days. The results suggest patients schedule bed days to manage several health related symptoms. Based on our findings, nurses could help patients to alternate daily upright activity with rest to mitigate the known consequences of bed days. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:335–344, 2009
Diagnostic morphometric applicability of confocal laser scanning microscopy in Osteoarchaeology
Authors: Papageorgopoulou C. , Kuhn G. , Ziegler U. , Rühli F. J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) has become an essential tool for a wide range of biological and clinical studies and imaging applications. The major imaging modes of the CLSM include single and serial optical sections from thick specimens (100 µm), multiple wavelength images and three‐dimensional reconstruction. Such images provide measurement of length, surface or volume of objects. Surprisingly, this advanced microscopic method has been very rarely used in anthropological research, although numerous clinical and basic science research projects showed its value to study, bone growth, bone micro‐architecture and 3D bone morphometry. We present the basic principles and advantages of CLSM and outline practical aspects of specimen preparation, image collection and digital image processing specifically appropriate for historical bone and hair material. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boundary value problems in the theory of thermomicrostretch elastic solids
Authors: Svanadze Lika 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this paper the linear theory of thermomicrostretch elastic solids is considered. The basic properties of wave numbers of the longitudinal and transverse plane waves are established.The existence of eigenfrequencies of the interior homogeneous boundary value problem (BVP) of steady oscillations is studied. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Survival outcome in childhood ALL: Experience from a tertiary care centre in North India
Authors: Kulkarni K.P. , Marwaha R.K. , Trehan A. , Bansal D. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundSurvival of children with ALL, in developing nations has not kept pace with cure rates in developed countries. Our study was designed to assess survival data and identify risk factors.ProcedureData of 762 patients with ALL were analyzed. Information regarding the clinical‐demographic profile, therapy and course of illness were recorded. Status and duration at last follow‐up were utilized to generate Kaplan–Meier survival curves.ResultsThe mean age was 5.7 ± 0.23 years (M/F, 3.2:1). Parents of 230 (30.2%) patients opted for no therapy. There were 68 and 60 deaths in induction and remission phases respectively. Besides these, 111 children either defaulted therapy or were lost to follow up. Relapsed disease was documented in 125 cases. The 5‐year OS and EFS was 46% and 43% respectively. Survival analysis, using the Cox multivariate regression, for gender (P = 0.659, CI: 0.852–1.161), age (P = 0.943, CI: 0.725–1.225), symptom‐diagnosis interval (P = 0.002, CI: 1.116–1.668), WCC (P < 0.001, CI: 1.353–1.814) and platelet count (P = 0.001, CI: 0.546–0.849) was performed. Bulk disease (P = 0.049, CI: 0.428–0.986), mediastinal adenopathy (P = 0.045, CI: 1.040–3.697), WCC (P = 0.016, CI: 1.395–2.691), platelet count (P = 0.031, CI: 0.431–0.967) and administration of 2 intensification blocks (P = 0.012, CI: 0.624–0.940) were found to be significant predictors of outcome by multivariate analysis.ConclusionsThe management of ALL requires financial resources and access to quality supportive care. One third of our patients opted for no therapy. The other problem areas were a high proportion of therapy defaulters, lost to follow up and infection related deaths during induction and remission phases. The introduction of remedial measures for resolving the difficulties identified would hopefully improve cure rates in ALL in developing nations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:168–173. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Initial presentation of unscreened children with sickle cell disease: The Toronto experience
Authors: Lieberman Lani , Kirby Melanie , Ozolins Laura , Mosko Jeffrey , Friedman Jeremy 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe morbidity and mortality related to sickle cell disease (SCD) has decreased since the introduction of newborn screening in the United States. Given the multicultural nature of the Canadian population and the growing African Canadian population, it is concerning that there is no national neonatal screening program for SCD in Canada. The objective of this study was to evaluate the most common manner in which SCD is diagnosed in children when neonatal screening is not available routinely.ProcedureThe study design was a retrospective chart review. All children aged from birth to 18 years with SCD and an admission to the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto, Canada, between 1978 and 2004 were eligible for inclusion.ResultsFifty‐two percent of the children with SCD were diagnosed through some form of screening while 48% were diagnosed with symptoms suggestive of their disease. The median age at time of diagnosis was 0.75 years in the “screened” group, and 2 years in the “symptom” group (P < 0.05). The most common symptomatic presentation was with a vaso‐occlusive crisis. Fifteen percent presented with more severe symptoms including acute chest syndrome (5.5%), acute splenic sequestration (5%), sepsis (3.3%), aplastic crisis (1%), priapism (0.5%), meningitis (0.5%), stroke (0.5%), and death (1%).ConclusionsFifteen percent of children with undiagnosed SCD presented initially with severe complications of the disease. The morbidity and mortality related to undiagnosed SCD underscores the need for a national neonatal screening program in Canada. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:397–400. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neonatal acute myeloid leukemia in an infant whose mother was exposed to diethylstilboestrol in utero
Authors: Chantrain C.F. , Sauvage D. , Brichard B. , Dupont S. , Poirel H.A. , Ameye G. , De Weer A. , Vandenberghe P. , Detaille T. , Anslot C. , de Cléty S. Clément , Vermylen C. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe report on an acute myeloid leukemia in a neonate whose mother was exposed to diethylstilboestrol in utero. The newborn presented with leukemia cutis, hemorrhagic skin lesions, hyperleucocytosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. A bone marrow examination confirmed the diagnosis of acute monocytic leukemia with a t(11;19) MLL‐ELL fusion transcript. Chemotherapy was initiated but the child developed a bilateral pulmonary infection that led to fatal respiratory distress. This case shows acute myeloid leukemia and the third pediatric leukemia reported after maternal diethylstilboestrol exposure. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:220–222. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical course and outcome in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and asparaginase‐associated pancreatitis
Authors: Kearney Susan L. , Dahlberg Suzanne E. , Levy Donna E. , Voss Stephan D. , Sallan Stephen E. , Silverman Lewis B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundAsparaginase, an agent used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is associated with the development of pancreatitis. The clinical course and long‐term outcome of patients experiencing this complication has not been extensively detailed.ProcedureWe reviewed the clinical course for all children with ALL diagnosed with pancreatitis at the Dana‐Farber Cancer Institute/Children's Hospital Boston between 1987 and 2003. The outcome of these patients was compared with that of patients with ALL who did not experience pancreatitis.ResultsTwenty‐eight of 403 children (7%) were diagnosed with pancreatitis. Patients 10–18 years old at diagnosis had 2.4 times the risk of developing pancreatitis compared with younger patients. Pancreatitis typically occurred early in the course of therapy (median 4 weeks after first dose of asparaginase). Ninety‐three percent of affected patients were hospitalized and 57% received parenteral nutrition. No patient developed chronic sequelae or died as a result of pancreatitis. Sixteen (57%) patients were re‐treated with asparaginase, 10 of whom had another episode of pancreatitis. No significant differences in event‐free survival were observed when comparing patients with and without a history of pancreatitis.ConclusionAsparaginase‐associated pancreatitis was more common in older children, and caused significant acute morbidity. It tended to occur after the first few doses of asparaginase, suggesting a predisposition to this complication rather than a cumulative drug effect. Re‐treatment with asparaginase after an episode of pancreatitis was associated with a high risk of recurrent pancreatitis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:162–167. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ultrasonic extraction and HPLC determination of anthraquinones, aloe‐emodine, emodine, rheine, chrysophanol and physcione, in roots of Polygoni multiflori
Authors: Jiao Yue , Zuo Yuegang 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIntroductionPolygoni multiflori, one of traditional Chinese herbal medicines for the treatment of various diseases commonly associated with aging, is known to contain active anthraquinone ingredients. However, the content of the anthraquinones varies among P. multiflori samples with collection season and sites. Thus, simple, reliable and accurate analytical methods for determining of anthraquinones in P. multiflori products are needed for the quality control and pharmacological studies.ObjectiveTo develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of five anthraquinones, aloe‐emodine, rheine, emodine, chrysophanol and physcione, in the roots of P. multiflori.MethodologyAnthraquinones were extracted from the roots of P. multiflori using aqueous alcohol solutions or hot water under ultrasonication. Separation and quantitation of anthraquinones was accomplished using a reversed‐phase C18 column with the mobile phase of methanol–water–phosphoric acid (600:400:1), and the detection wavelength of 254 nm.ResultsSeventy per cent aqueous ethanol showed the highest extraction efficiency for anthraquinones from roots of P. multiflori when compared with four other extraction solvents tested. All calibration curves were linear over the concentration range tested with the square of correlation coefficients >0.999. The detection limits (S/N = 3) were 0.89, 1.1, 1.6, 1.7 and 2.0 ng for chrysophanol, aloe‐emodine, rheine, emodine and physcione, respectively. Emodine and physcione were found in the samples tested at concentrations of 0.341 and 0.197 mg/g, respectively.ConclusionThe described HPLC methods are simple, accurate and selective techniques for separation and quantification of anthraquinones in roots of P. multiflori and other plant samples. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of chrysanthenyl esters from the essential oil of Anthemis maritima L. investigated by GC/RI, GC‐MS (EI and CI) and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy: chemical composition and variability
Authors: Darriet Florent , Desjobert Jean‐Marie , Costa Jean , Muselli Alain 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIntroductionAnthemis maritima L. (Asteraceae) is a wild plant growing in Corsica and Sardinia. No previous studies of the chemical composition of A. maritima essential oil have been found. The oil contains two series of cis‐ and trans‐chrysanthenyl esters for which the MS data are not present in available libraries and the 13C‐NMR data are not reported in the literature. The determination of these compounds is a challenging problem since some of these esters are present in low concentrations and they exhibit very similar EI‐MS.ObjectiveTo develop comprehensive strategies involving integrated techniques including CC, GC/RI, GC‐MS (EI and CI), 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR and hemi‐synthesis for the identification of both series of chrysanthenyl esters in A. maritima oils.MethodologySeventeen oil samples were prepared by hydrodistillation. A fine analysis of a pool of Corsican oils was conducted after repeated CC. A selected Sardinian oil was used as source of product for the hemi‐synthesis of chrysanthenyl esters. The identification of these compounds was based on joint information from GC‐MS (EI and CI), 13C‐NMR and hemi‐synthesis.ResultsIntegrated analysis of Corsican and Sardinian oils allowed the identification of 124 components accounting for 83.3–91.6% of the total oil. With the aid of principal component analysis, oil samples could be divided in two groups. Among 16 chrysanthenyl esters identified, 12 were laboratory‐synthesised and their 13C‐NMR data are reported for the first time.ConclusionsThe study illustrates the contribution of integrated techniques for the characterisation of unusual essential oils. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.