bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Causal associations between gut microbiota and synovitis–tenosynovitis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yin Xietian , Zhao Shichao , Tan Zhangkui , Xu Jun , Lu Qiping 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundIncreasing evidence indicates that gut microbiota dysbiosis is related to synovitis and tenosynovitis. Nonetheless, whether these associations are causal is currently unknown.ObjectivesA two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was performed to reveal the causality of gut microbiota with synovitis and tenosynovitis.MethodsThe summary statistical data from a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) were applied as the basis for a two-sample MR analysis. The causal effect was estimated using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, simple mode, MR-Egger, and weighted mode methods, of which IVW was the important method. Meanwhile, the pleiotropy and heterogeneity were detected and measured using MR-Egger regression, Cochran’s Q statistics, funnel plots, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) methods.ResultsThe IVW technique demonstrated that genetically predicted five genera, namely Gordonibacter [odds ratio (OR) = 0.999, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.9977, 0.9998), p = 0.019], Paraprevotella [OR = 0.999, 95% CI: (0.9971, 0.9999), p = 0.036], Lachnoclostridium [OR = 0.998, 95% CI: (0.9954, 0.9999), p = 0.041], RuminococcaceaeUCG003 [OR = 0.997, 95% CI: (0.9955, 0.9994), p = 0.011], and FamilyXIIIAD3011group [OR = 0.997, 95% CI: (0.9954, 0.9992), p = 0.006] were negatively correlated with the risk of synovitis and tenosynovitis, while two other genera, namely Ruminococcustorquesgroup [OR = 1.003, 95% CI: (1.0004, 1.0049), p = 0.019] and Parabacteroides [OR = 1.003, 95% CI: (1.0002, 1.0052), p = 0.035] were positively associated with synovitis and tenosynovitis risk. In addition, the data of sensitivity analyses demonstrated that there were no outliers, horizontal pleiotropy, or heterogeneity in the causal relationship of the above-mentioned gut microbiota on synovitis and tenosynovitis (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionThe results of the study suggested that the gut microbiota was causally involved in synovitis and tenosynovitis and identified specific bacterial taxa that affect synovitis and tenosynovitis, which provide new insights into the pathogenesis underlying the development of synovitis and tenosynovitis mediated by gut microbiota.
1H-NMR metabolomics investigation of CSF from children with HIV reveals altered neuroenergetics due to persistent immune activation
Authors: Thirion Anicia , Loots Du Toit , Williams Monray E. , Solomons Regan , Mason Shayne 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundHIV can invade the central nervous system (CNS) early during infection, invading perivascular macrophages and microglia, which, in turn, release viral particles and immune mediators that dysregulate all brain cell types. Consequently, children living with HIV often present with neurodevelopmental delays.MethodsIn this study, we used proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy to analyze the neurometabolic profile of HIV infection using cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained from 17 HIV+ and 50 HIV− South African children.ResultsNine metabolites, including glucose, lactate, glutamine, 1,2-propanediol, acetone, 3-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate, 2-hydroxybutyrate, and myo-inositol, showed significant differences when comparing children infected with HIV and those uninfected. These metabolites may be associated with activation of the innate immune response and disruption of neuroenergetics pathways.ConclusionThese results elucidate the neurometabolic state of children infected with HIV, including upregulation of glycolysis, dysregulation of ketone body metabolism, and elevated reactive oxygen species production. Furthermore, we hypothesize that neuroinflammation alters astrocyte–neuron communication, lowering neuronal activity in children infected with HIV, which may contribute to the neurodevelopmental delay often observed in this population.
Efficacy of acupuncture for depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tan Yawen , Duan Ruqian , Wen Chuanbiao 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionDepression is a pervasive mental health challenge with substantial global ramifications. Contemporary therapeutic strategies predominantly consist of psychological interventions and pharmacological treatments. Acupuncture, deeply rooted in ancient traditions and bolstered by a plethora of clinical trials, demonstrates considerable efficacy in depression. This study aims to elucidate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture as a standalone therapy for depression patients by reviewing randomized controlled trials that compare acupuncture treatment with conventional drug therapy.MethodsComprehensive searches were conducted across six databases in both Chinese and English: CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Embase, Medline, and CENTRAL. The literature search spanned from 1 July 2013, to 1 July 2023. Two researchers independently carried out literature screening and data extraction. Review Manager 5.4 was utilized for data analysis and bias risk assessment. A total of 20 randomized controlled trials were included in the qualitative synthesis, involving 1,376 participants and 43 relevant acupoints.ResultsThe Meta-analysis results, based on the HAMD scale scores, revealed that acupuncture regimens (RR: −1.63; 95% CI: −2.49 to −0.76; P = 0.0002; I2 = 86%; n = 1,668) were significantly more effective compared to standalone medication. Moreover, efficacy metrics from the HAMD highlighted a substantial advantage of acupuncture (RR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.6 to 4.23; P = 0.0001; I2 = 0; n = 614). Further assessments utilizing SERS and TESS demonstrated a lower incidence of side effects and adverse outcomes in the acupuncture group.ConclusionsAcupuncture, when compared to conventional pharmacotherapy, exhibits significant efficacy as a standalone treatment after four weeks of intervention, with fewer side effects and adverse reactions. However, further investigation is needed to determine the most effective acupoints and appropriate types of acupuncture techniques for treating depression.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023443711.
Rapid identification of pediatric brain tumors with differential mobility spectrometry
Authors: Haapala Ilkka , Rauhameri Anton , Mäkelä Meri , Karjalainen Markus , Kontunen Anton , Mieskolainen Markus , Haapasalo Hannu , Roine Antti , Oksala Niku , Vehkaoja Antti , Haapasalo Joonas , Nordfors Kristiina 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionBrain tumors are a major source of disease burden in pediatric population, with the most common tumor types being pilocytic astrocytoma, ependymoma and medulloblastoma. In every tumor entity, surgery is the cornerstone of treatment, but the importance of gross-total resection and the corresponding patient prognosis is highly variant. However, real-time identification of pediatric CNS malignancies based on the histology of the frozen sections alone is especially troublesome. We propose a novel method based on differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) analysis for rapid identification of pediatric brain tumors.MethodsWe prospectively obtained tumor samples from 15 pediatric patients (5 pilocytic astrocytomas, 5 ependymomas and 5 medulloblastomas). The samples were cut into 36 smaller specimens that were analyzed with the DMS.ResultsWith linear discriminant analysis algorithm, a classification accuracy (CA) of 70% was reached. Additionally, a 75% CA was achieved in a pooled analysis of medulloblastoma vs. gliomas.DiscussionOur results show that the DMS is able to differentiate most common pediatric brain tumor samples, thus making it a promising additional instrument for real-time brain tumor diagnostics.
Effectiveness of an add-on brief group behavioral activation treatment for depression in psychiatric care: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Haakana Riikka , Rosenström Tom , Parkkinen Lauri , Tuomisto Martti T. , Isometsä Erkki 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveBehavioral activation (BA) is an effective treatment for depression. We investigated the effectiveness of add-on group-format BA and peer support (PS) with treatment as usual (TAU) in a registered randomized clinical trial in psychiatric outpatient settings (ISRCTN10647845).MethodsAdult outpatients (N = 140) with major depressive disorder (MDD) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) score ≥10 were randomized into a) group BA, consisting of eight 90-minute weekly group sessions plus TAU; b) group PS, including eight 90-minute weekly group sessions plus TAU; or c) TAU alone. The primary outcome was a within-individual change in PHQ-9 score between baseline and 8 weeks. Secondary outcomes were 1) response, 2) remission, and 3) functional impairment at 8 weeks, plus 4) change in PHQ-9 at 6 months.ResultsOf the randomized patients, 100 (71.4%) completed treatments, including 29/45 (64.4%) patients in the BA group, 39/49 (79.6%) in the PS group, and 32/46 (69.6%) in the TAU group. By 8 weeks, PHQ-9 scores declined most in the TAU group [BA −0.28 (95% CI −2.48, 1.92), PS −0.58 (−2.09, 0.94) vs. TAU −3.32 (−5.21, −1.44); group-difference test, p = 0.034]. The secondary outcomes in the BA or PS arms did not significantly differ from those in TAU. Videotaped sessions revealed marked variation in briefly trained therapists’ adherence to the treatment manual.ConclusionsIn this randomized trial, the effectiveness of treatments with the added BA and PS groups did not exceed that of TAU alone. The preconditions in which brief BA or PS group interventions benefit outpatients with depression in psychiatric settings warrant critical investigation.
Geographical association of biodiversity with cancer and cardiovascular mortality rates: analysis of 39 distinct conditions
Authors: Xu Qiaochu , Qu Bingjie , Li Li , Chen Ying 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundBiodiversity has been recognized as a positive contributor to human health and wellbeing. Cardiovascular disease and cancer are the two most significant global health burdens, and understanding their relationship with biodiversity forms an essential step toward promoting biodiversity conservation and human health.MethodsThe species richness of birds is a common indicator of biodiversity, given their vast numbers, distinctive distribution, and acute sensitivity to environmental disturbances. This ecological study utilized avian observation data derived from the eBird database, human health data from the International Health Metrics and Evaluation, and county-level statistics, including population characteristics, socio-economics, healthcare service, residential environment, and geographic and climatic characteristics in 2014. We aimed to extensively explore the individual associations between biodiversity (i.e., avian species richness) and age-standardized cause-specific mortalities for different types of cancers (29 conditions) and cardiovascular diseases (10 conditions) across the United States (US).ResultsOur multiple regression analyses that adjusted for a variety of socio-demographic and geographical factors showed that increased rarefied species richness of birds was associated with reduced mortality rates for three of the five most common cancers, namely, tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer, breast cancer (in women only), and colon and rectal cancer. For cardiovascular conditions, a similar relationship was observed for ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular disease—the two most frequent causes of mortality. This study provided extended details regarding the beneficial effects of biodiversity on human health.
The protective role of resilience and social support against burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Shahwan Shazana , Tay Eng Hong , Shafie Saleha , Tan Yoke Boon , Gunasekaran Savita , Tan Rachel Hsiao Shen , Satghare Pratika , Zhang Yunjue , Wang Peizhi , Tan Sing Chik , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic brought on a range of stressors in homes and workplaces. With no sign of ending after one year, burnout was a concern. Resilience has been known to shield against the effects of stress. While often thought of as an individual trait, previous studies have shown social support to improve resilience. The study aimed to examine the extent of burnout in the Singapore population and whether social support and resilience cushioned the impact of COVID-19 related stressors a year into the pandemic.MethodsParticipants were 858 Singapore residents who participated in a larger study between October 2021 and September 2022. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory provided Work-and Personal-related burnout scores. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify demographic variables associated with burnout. Path analysis revealed the associations between COVID-19 stressors, social support, resilience and burnout.Results22 and 19% of the sample reported work and personal burnout respectively, with younger adults being more burnt out than older adults. Higher stress was associated with higher burnout and higher social support was associated with lower burnout. Path analysis revealed that the relationship between social support and burnout was partially accounted for by increased resilience.ConclusionManaging altered work arrangements, career expectations, and increased responsibilities at home may contribute to greater levels of burnout in the younger adults. Increased employer support and targeted interventions could mitigate the impact of these stressors. The study also highlighted the importance of maintaining social connections even while physically distancing.
Establishment of a Simple, Sensitive, and Specific Salmonella Detection Method Based on Recombinase-Aided Amplification Combined with dsDNA-Specific Nucleases
Authors: Zhou Changyu , Zhao Yu , Guo Boyan , Yang Ming , Xu Qiang , Lei Changwei , Wang Hongning 
Published: April 2024

Salmonella is a common foodborne pathogen that can cause food poisoning, posing a serious threat to human health. Therefore, quickly, sensitively, and accurately detecting Salmonella is crucial to ensuring food safety. For the Salmonella hilA gene, we designed Recombinase-aided amplification (RAA) primers and dsDNA-specific nuclease (DNase) probes. The ideal primer and probe combination was found when conditions were optimized. Under UV light, a visual Salmonella detection technique (RAA-dsDNase) was developed. Additionally, the RAA-dsDNase was modified to further reduce pollution hazards and simplify operations. One-pot RAA-dsDNase-UV or one-pot RAA-dsDNase-LFD was developed as a Salmonella detection method, using UV or a lateral flow dipstick (LFD) for result observation. Among them, one-pot RAA-dsDNase and one-pot RAA-dsDNase-LFD had detection times of 50 min and 60 min, respectively, for detecting Salmonella genomic DNA. One-pot RAA-dsDNase-UV had a detection limit of 101 copies/μL and 101 CFU/mL, while one-pot RAA-dsDNase-LFD had a sensitivity of 102 copies/μL and 102 CFU/mL. One-pot RAA-dsDNase-UV and one-pot RAA-dsDNase-LFD assays may identify 17 specific Salmonella serovars witho ut causing a cross-reaction with the remaining 8 bacteria, which include E. coli. Furthermore, Salmonella in tissue and milk samples has been reliably detected using both approaches. Overall, the detection method developed in this study can quickly, sensitively, and accurately detect Salmonella, and it is expected to become an important detection tool for the prevention and control of Salmonella in the future.
Relación entre la fatiga laboral y el síndrome de burnout en el personal docente universitario
Authors: García-Avalos María Esthela , Carrera-Álvarez Esteban Rodrigo , Peralta-Beltrán Álvaro Raúl 
Published: April 2024

El objetivo del estudio es evaluar la conexión entre la fatiga laboral y el desarrollo del síndrome de burnout específicamente en docentes de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Extensión Cañar. La metodología adoptada es de tipo descriptiva y alcance relacional. Se destacaron las dimensiones del síndrome de burnout, incluyendo agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y falta de realización personal. Herramientas de evaluación como el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) y variantes específicas fueron presentadas, junto con modelos teóricos y escalas para medir la fatiga laboral. Reconocer la relación entre estos fenómenos es importante para implementar estrategias preventivas y gestionar la salud y bienestar de los docentes, resaltando la importancia de condiciones laborales adecuadas y la identificación temprana de síntomas
The Concept of Contamination in Transuniverse Relations: Napoleon in a Fictional World
Authors: Schmitt Arnaud 
Published: April 2024

Richard J. Gerrig revisited one of the most persistent myths of literary theory, Coleridge’s “willing suspension of disbelief” to point out that, contrary to what the English poet believed, our natural proclivity is not to disbelieve, but to believe that everything is true, even fiction. He reversed Coleridge’s concept and revealed that the real effort on the part of the reader is the “construction of disbelief” when one reads fiction; we do not need to willingly suspend disbelief since we naturally believe. But then what happens when one reads a novel in which real historical figures such as Napoleon are mentioned, or even used as characters? The best way to answer this question is to adopt similar conclusions as the ones reached by Brian McHale in Postmodernist Fiction regarding authors who project themselves into their fiction, metalepsis of the author in other words: “the supposedly absolute reality of the author becomes just another level of fiction, and the real world retreats to a further remove.” Thus, when authors enter their fiction, they become fictional themselves and reality is dissolved within fiction. I argue in this article that when a real person enters a fictional space, she or he is contaminated by its ontological environment, that is to say fiction.
The Dark Side of Branding: Language and the Real in Colson Whitehead’s Apex Hides the Hurt (2006)
Authors: Feith Michel 
Published: April 2024

The protagonist, an unnamed African American nomenclature consultant, has been a victim of his own trade: his stroke of genius, the name and advertising slogan for a band-aid that fits the many skin tones of multicultural America, “Apex Hides the Hurt”, has ironically cost him an infected toe that he merely covered with the adhesive bandage instead of having it treated. When he is asked to arbitrate the rebranding of the town of Winthrop, the ad man faces both an onomastic and an existential challenge.This paper draws on specific aspects of the philosophy of language to discuss the motivation of signs in relation to naming strategies and analyzes the performatives, performances, and diverse conditions of felicity that naming implies. The former is indebted in part to the legacy of Plato’s Cratylus and branding manuals—strange bedfellows; the latter draws from J. L. Austin’s speech act theory, as revisited by Barbara Cassin and Judith Butler. In both conceptions the real comes to dwell in language, either as a determining factor or as a product of a world-shaping activity. Since Apex is a fiction of naming, it provides an imaginary “actual” context for this verbal act. It can also describe the failed encounters between language and the real, the attempts at euphemizing or repressing reality, as well as the shattering irruptions of the real within discourse. As a satire of corporate culture and its bearing on “race”, it also generates an interface with the reality of contemporary American culture.
Kind One by Laird Hunt, or a Tale of a Real Twice Lost: Writing the Individual and Collective Memory of Slavery
Authors: Debare Anne-Julie 
Published: April 2024

This article purposes to examine the specific resources of fiction to overcome the resistance of the real, here the brutal experience of slavery, to convey the extreme character of this experience and to animate the collective memory of it against the risks of denial or forgetfulness.We first examine how the novel draws upon history while ostensibly rejecting its chronological markers and its explanatory discourse, to favor the mediation of story-telling and its dynamics of symbolization. Indeed, Hunt invents a hybrid form of fictional historical testimony in which the expressive power of tales and myths arouses the reader’s imagination while composing a transitional object for the memory of slavery to be evoked and passed on.We then go on to study specific aspects of the novel’s poetics of indirection showing how Hunt resorts to allegories, metaphors and the structural mechanisms of trauma to convey the characters’ experience of “the real”, as they have witnessed the veil of language being torn asunder by traumatic violence.
À la recherche de marqueurs visuels de l’impact du 11 Septembre à l’écran. Visions, viseurs et drones comme vecteurs et objets de représentation
Authors: Lefait Sébastien 
Published: April 2024

Cet article se propose de présenter une méthode pour évaluer l’impact du 11 Septembre dans le domaine des représentations filmiques. Il s’agit, à travers quelques films de guerre, d’identifier un changement entre le mode de représentation avant et après la chute des tours jumelles, pour proposer un sismogramme culturel de l’événement. La méthode employée ici comporte les mêmes temporalités que celles du 11 Septembre, sur le plan chronologique comme sur le plan médiatique. D’un côté : visée, tir, impact, explosion, diffusion, dissipation, riposte. De l’autre : médiatisation (intrinsèque à toute représentation), remédiatisation, et finalement prémédiatisation, chacun des trois temps pouvant être plus ou moins fictionnels, ce qui s’avère être l’une des conditions mêmes du 11 Septembre comme événement médiatique à portée traumatique. Elle consiste à lire, au prisme de films portant sur les conflits américano-arabes d’avant et d’après le 11 Septembre (guerre du Golfe et campagne d’Irak à partir de février 2003), mais également réalisés avant et après le 11 Septembre, l’évolution des stratégies géopolitiques à l’aune des technologies employées. L’article prête une attention particulière à la représentation de la triade des conflits modernes : dispositifs de surveillance, machines de vision et de visée, traitement médiatique visant à virtualiser voire à désémantiser l’acte de guerre.
ANALISIS DAMPAK EKONOMI EKOWISATA PULAU BERAS BASAH KOTA BONTANG
Authors: FADLI FADLI , NIKHLANI ANDI , ASIKIN ANDI NOOR , JAILANI JAILANI , FITRIYANA FITRIYANA , ERWIANTONO ERWIANTONO 
Published: April 2024

Beras Basah Island in Bontang City has become one of the attractions of marine ecotourism. Ecotourism activities on Beras Basah Island cause an economic impact on local communities. So this study aims to determine the economic impact of ecotourism on Beras Basah Island, Bontang City. The data analysis method used is a multiplier analysis consisting of Keynesian Local Multiplier Income, Ratio Income Multiplier Type I and Ratio Income Multiplier Type II. Based on the results of the analysis conducted, it can be concluded that the ecotourism business on Beras Basah Island has not had an impact on the local community, this can be seen in the Keynesian Income Multiplier of 0.22, the Type I Income Multiplier Ratio was recorded at 1.47 and the Type II Income Multiplier Ratio was 1.91.
مقارنة بعض القدرات البدنية بين الطالبات للدراستين الصباحية والمسائية في كلية التربية الأساسية بحث وصفي على طالبات المرحلة الأولى في قسم التربية الرياضية.pdf
Authors: د.صبري فالح الحمدي  
Published: April 2024

ﺘﻌرض اﻟوﺠود اﻟﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒﻲ اﻟﻰ ﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴﺔ ﻤن اﻟﻘوى اﻷورﺒﻴﺔ اﻻﺨـرى
وﻤﻨـذ وﻗـف ﻤﺒﻛـر وﻓـﻲ ﻤﻘـدﻤﺘﻬم اﻟﺒرﺘﻐـﺎﻟﻴﻴن واﻟﻬوﻟﻨـدﻴﻴن واﻟﻔرﻨﺴـﻴﻴن ٬ واﺴـﺘطﺎﻋت ﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻴـﺎ
ﻋﺒر ﺼ ارع طوﻴﻝ ﺴﻴﺎﺴﻲ وﻋﺴﻛري اﺴﺘﻤر ﻗ ارﺒﺔ اﻟﺜﻼﺜﺔ ﻗرون ان ﺘﺘﺨﻠص ﻤـن ﻤﻨﺎﻓﺴـﺔ ﺘﻠـك
اﻟﻘـوى اﻻورﺒﻴـﺔ ٬ اﻻ ان ذﻟـك ﻻ ﻴﻌﻨـﻲ ﻨﻬﺎﻴـﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﺎﻋـب اﻟﺘـﻲ واﺠﻬـت ﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻴـﺎ ٬ اذ ﺴـرﻋﺎن ﻤـﺎ
ظﻬـر اﻟﺘﻐﻠﻐـﻝ اﻟروﺴـﻲ واﻀـﺤﺎً ﻟﻠﻌﻴـﺎن وﺸـﻛﻝ ﺘﻬدﻴـداً ﻟﻠﻤﺼـﺎﻟﺢ اﻟﺒرﻴطﺎﻨﻴـﺔ ﻓـﻲ اﻟﻘـرن اﻟﺘﺎﺴـﻊ
ﻋﺸـر ٬ ﻋﻠـﻰ اﺜـر دﺨـوﻝ اﻟﺴـﻔن اﻟروﺴـﻴﺔ ﻤﻴـﺎﻩ اﻟﺨﻠـﻴﺞ اﻟﻌرﺒـﻲ وﺘرددﻫـﺎ ﻋﻠـﻰ ﻤـواﻨﺊ وﻤـدن

اﻟﺴﺎﺤﻠﻴن اﻟﺸرﻗﻲ واﻟﻐرﺒﻲ.