bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective strategies for implementing patient-centered care in cardiac care unit
Authors: Charosaei Firouzeh , Rostami Shahnaz , Esmaeili Maryam , Molavynejad Shahram , Vanaki Zohreh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Patient-centered care (PCC) is a cornerstone for health-care professionals to improve the quality of care they provide to patients with cardiac disease. However, implementation of PCC programs has always accompanied with unpredictable challenges and obstacles. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine effective strategies for the implementation of PCC from the perspective of patients and healthcare providers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present research was a qualitative study using conventional content analysis method in one of the university hospitals of Abadan University of Medical Sciences during 2019–2020. Purposive sampling was performed until data saturation was achieved. Data were collected through four focused group discussions and 24 in-depth semi-structured interviews with 22 health-care providers and seven cardiac patients. Depending on the interview process and the responses of each individual, the sequencing of questions was different from one participant to another. Data analysis was performed continuously and concurrently with data collection, using a comparative method.

RESULTS:
After data analysis, seven subcategories and three main categories were extracted. The main categories included structural, process, and outcome strategies. The category of structural strategies included subcategories of nursing care organization, application of appropriate motivational mechanisms, and expansion of team coordination. Process strategies included three subcategories, namely, promoting communication, respectful and compassionate care, and the development of holistic care. Finally, the outcome strategy consisted of the subcategory of patient empowerment.

CONCLUSION:
The practical strategies for the implementation of PCC in coronary care unit revealed in this study were at structural, process, and outcome levels. Health-care managers and administrators can avail themselves of the findings of the present study to promote the quality care for cardiac care unit patients and improve patient satisfaction.
Assessing readiness to change in regular breakfast consumption among elementary students
Authors: Mohajeri Mahsa , Narimani Sajjad , Shahbazzadeh Fardin , Bahrampanah Saniyeh , Qaderi Vida 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Motivation and desire are the main psychological factors associated with regular breakfast consumption among elementary students. The purpose of this study was to assess the readiness of students to regular breakfast consumption.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This research was cross-sectional study; 300 students participated who were selected based on cluster sampling from elementary schools in different parts of Ardabil and were interviewed using a motivational questionnaire according to SOC model. The acquired data was then analyzed by ANOVA and linear regression.

RESULTS:
Cognitive processes of change such as social liberation (β = 0.31, α = 0.001) and self-reevaluation (β = 0.13, α = 0.04) and self-efficacy (β = 0.44, α = 0.001) played a significant role in motivating students to move from the inactive stage to preparation stage.

CONCLUSION:
By understanding the motivational factors of regular breakfast consumption, a regular program can be implemented to increase breakfast consumption and ensure the health of students and help them to grow in learning ability and abstract thinking.
Self-care practices and factors influencing self-care among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in a rural health center in South India
Authors: Durai Vanitha , Samya V. , Akila G. V. , Shriraam Vanishree , Jasmine Aliya , Muthuthandavan Anitha Rani , Gayathri T. , Mahadevan Shriraam 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:Self-care for diabetes is very important in preventing complications of diabetes and also improving quality of life. This study aims to find the various self-care practices of type 2 diabetes patients who are being treated at a rural health center of a medical college and the factors influencing self-care.MATERIALS AND METHODS:This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Type 2 diabetes patients registered and receiving treatment from the noncommunicable disease clinic of a rural health center were administered a pretested questionnaire, developed based on different diabetes self-care questionnaires making changes as appropriate and including most aspects of self-care practices. The proportion of compliant was then cross-tabulated with background characteristics and their glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. SPSS version 16.0 was used for the analysis.RESULTS:Among 390 patients with a mean age 56 years, 25.5% adhered to at least four dietary modifications, 46% were physically active, and 57% had good compliance to drugs; hypoglycemia prevention practices ranged from 21% to 51%. Except for avoiding barefoot walking (90%), other foot-care practices were followed by only a quarter of them. Among ever users, 69.2%, 64.3%, and 29.4% have quit smoking, alcohol, and tobacco use, respectively. Adherence to dietary modifications and drug compliance were associated with a lower HbA1c level of ≤7 g% (P< 0.05).CONCLUSION:In this study, the compliance to physical activity or medications is much better than dietary changes and foot-care practices. Focused education programs and monitoring during follow-up visits will improve self-care in the less adhered to aspects. Those who are adherent to dietary modifications and drugs have better glycemic control.
Online classes versus traditional classes? Comparison during COVID-19
Authors: Kumari Sanjana , Gautam Hitender , Nityadarshini Neha , Das Bimal Kumar , Chaudhry Rama 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Nowadays, the use of Internet with e-learning resources anytime and anywhere leads to interaction possibilities among teachers and students from different parts of the world. It is becoming increasingly pertinent that we exploit the Internet technologies to achieve the most benefits in the education.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study compares the difference between traditional classroom and e-learning in the educational environment. Medical undergraduate students of our institution were enrolled to compare between the online versus traditional method of teaching through questionnaire.

RESULTS:
Forty percent of students found the online lecture material difficult to understand. 42.6% of respondents found it difficult to clear the doubts in online teaching; 64.4% of the participants believed that they have learned more in a face-to-face learning.

CONCLUSION:
In this study, we concluded that online mode offers flexibility on timing and delivery. Students can even download the content, notes, and assignment. Despite all the advantages offered, there is a general consensus that no technology can replace face-to-face teaching in real because in this, there will be visual as well as verbal discussion. Looking at the uncertainty of the current scenario, it is difficult to predict how long online classes will have to continue. Hence, it is of paramount importance that we assess the effectiveness of online classes and consequently take measures to ensure proper delivery of content to students, especially in a skilled field like medicine, so we concluded that face-to-face learning is of utmost importance in medical institutions.
COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, determinants of potential vaccination, and hesitancy in public
Authors: Kumar Rajesh , Bairwa Mukesh , Beniwal Kalpana , Kant Ravi 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Coronavirus disease rapidly spreads across the entire world in < 2 months and gravely jeopardizes the regular human routine. The medical fraternity recommends a vaccine as one of the best solutions to save the universe. However, to be effective, the population should reflect an encouraging attitude to accept it. The study aimed to measure vaccine acceptability and reason for hesitancy among the public.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Eight hundred and forty one adults visiting a tertiary care hospital responded to a pretested validated questionnaire on vaccine acceptability and hesitancy. The Chi-square test and independent t-test, followed by multinomial logistic regression, were used to analyze the findings.

RESULTS:
Overall, 53.4% (n = 445) of participants interested to take vaccine, 27.2% (n = 229) were not sure, and the remaining 19.4% (n = 163) did not intent to vaccinate. Gender (P = 0.013), information on the vaccine (P = 0.022), chances to get coronavirus disease in the next 6 months (P < 0.001), awareness on India COVID-19 vaccine (P < 0.001), Indian manufacturing company of vaccine (P < 0.001), family history of the laboratory-confirmed case (P < 0.001), and health status (P = 0.011) found a significant association with intention to vaccination (a response “yes” vs. “no” and “not sure”). Reasons for vaccine hesitancy included specific antivaccine attitudes and beliefs, a concern of fear and phobia, lack of information, and safety issues on the vaccine.

CONCLUSIONS:
This institute-specific survey revealed that approximately every 4 in 8 people were not sure to take the vaccine, and one in five people refused to be vaccinated. The study recommends using target-based health education to understand and address vaccine-specific concerns to enhance vaccine coverage, and boost confidence among the population.
Evaluation of social accountability in hospital managers
Authors: Gorji Hasan Abolghasem , Niknam Noureddin , Ghaedchukamei Zeinab , Gharavinia Abdulsamad , Safari Mehdi , Elahi Maasumeh , Rahmati Razie , Mengelizadeh Nezamaddin , Aghaei Nahid , Ghojogh Hamid Alaee , Shakeri Khosro 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Today, hospitals need managers who, in addition to having the necessary skills for management and leadership, are accountable to stakeholders, especially the community. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the social accountability of managers of public and private hospitals in Tehran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is descriptive-analytical and cross-sectional and was performed on 155 managers of selected public and private hospitals in Tehran. The research tools included a demographic characteristic questionnaire and a researcher-made social accountability questionnaire for managers. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics in SPSS 22 software.

RESULTS:
The situation of social accountability in the managers of public hospitals was at a weak level and in the managers of private hospitals in Tehran was at a good level. In comparing the status of social accountability and its dimensions in the managers of public hospitals with the managers of private hospitals, the status of social accountability in the dimensions of human resource management, quality improvement, executive management, and overall social accountability were significantly different from each other (P ≤ 0.05). However, in terms of governance, the status of social accountability of public hospital managers was not significantly different from private hospitals (P ≥ 0.05). Overall, the results of social accountability in private hospitals were better than in public hospitals.

CONCLUSION:
The social response status of managers in private hospitals was better than public ones. Lack of attention of managers to social accountability affects the quality of other educational, health, and medical services. This fact raises the need for managers to pay more attention to the issue of social accountability.
Evaluating the implementation of helping babies survive program to improve newborn care conditiona
Authors: Jourabian Atefeh , Jafari-Mianaei Soheila , Ajoodanian Najmeh D 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The main reason of newborn mortalities in low- and middle-income countries is due to the lack of skilled caregivers in providing essential care for babies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the implementation of helping babies survive (HBS) program to improve newborn care condition in Isfahan, Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the labor and midwifery wards of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Isfahan. Convenience sampling method was used for all healthy newborns who weighed >1500 g. First, the samples were selected for the control group. Then, the Helping Babies Breathe and Essential Care for Every Baby training courses were held over for ward nurses and midwives. Then, the samples of the intervention group were selected. The research tools consisted of demographic characteristic questionnaire, caregiver performance evaluation checklist, and breastfeeding registration checklist. SPSS software version 16 was used for data analysis.

RESULTS:
A total of 130 newborns were divided into control (n = 65) and intervention groups (n = 65). The average time of umbilical cord clamping increased from 13.85 to 61.48 s, and the average duration of skin-to-skin contact between mother and baby increased from 11.75 to 60.47 min. The mean of early initiation of breastfeeding improved during the 1st h and the 1st day of the birth. The rate of neonatal hypothermia in the intervention group decreased sharply.

CONCLUSION:
The implementation of the HBS program can positively impact newborn care condition.
Implementation and evaluation of extracurricular theme for undergraduate basic sciences medical courses at Shiraz Medical School
Authors: Izadabadi Fatemeh , Amini Mitra , Kiani Mahsa 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
In recent years, to achieve the fundamental goal of educating meta-competent future medical doctors, varieties of educational methods have been proposed in all medical schools. In Shiraz Medical School, we implemented an extracurricular theme focusing mostly on medical education's psychosocial aspect. This study aims to discuss the implementation and evaluation of this extracurricular theme.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a descriptive-analytic one; we included all undergraduate medical students in basic sciences courses who started medical education in 2014 and 2015 in Shiraz Medical School. The evaluation tools were questionnaires designed in different formats and handed out to medical students before and after the workshops. Data were analyzed by paired sample t-test in SPSS Software Version 23.

RESULTS:
Students’ satisfaction was more than 60% in all items of all workshops, except in some items of studying and learning methods and research methods workshops, which were lower than 60%. Students’ knowledge about all aspects of communication skills, stress management, critical thinking, studying and learning methods, and research methods workshops improved significantly after participation in these workshops.

CONCLUSIONS:
Medical students can become meta-competent future medical doctors. They can reach all of the learning outcomes described in the three-circle model of learning. This goal cannot be achieved by implementing a medical curriculum which only contains medical literature. Some extracurricular issues based on students’ and societies’ requirements must be added to the main curriculum. The whole curriculum must be evaluated continuously, and required changes must be applied.
Rapid transition to online teaching program during COVID-19 lockdown
Authors: Khan Amir Maroof , Patra Somdatta , Gupta Piyush , Sharma Arun Kumar , Jain Anil K. 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 pandemic has forced medical colleges around the world to shift to online teaching. There is hardly any evidence regarding such rapid transitions to online teaching, especially from resource-poor settings. We share our experience of developing an online teaching program based on teachers’ and students’ feedback.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A mixed methods study was conducted during the COVID-19 lockdown period in a public-funded medical institute of India. Online feedback was obtained 3 weeks after the beginning of emergency remote teaching. The responses by the students and teachers shaped the final online teaching program which reinforced the perceived strengths and addressed the weaknesses. Observations were made for the proportion of scheduled lectures delivered through digital platform and students’ attendance in the 1st week and last week of the study period.

RESULTS:
Feedback was obtained from 367 students and 56 teachers. Around three-fourths of the students (76.7%) and teachers (73.2%) were satisfied with online teaching. The themes generated for benefits of online teaching were similar for both students and teachers, but the perceived challenges differed. Students found online teaching more stressful, and teachers were apprehensive of the new technology and lack of a controlled environment.

CONCLUSIONS:
A rapid transition to development and implementation of an online teaching program was found to be feasible and acceptable to the primary stakeholders. Not only the content but student engagement and supportive environment for both students and teachers are essential requirements in the context of an online undergraduate teaching program.
The effectiveness of mindfulness training on coping with stress, exam anxiety, and happiness to promote health
Authors: Zandi Hajar , Amirinejhad Ali , Azizifar Akbar , Aibod Sehat , Veisani Yousef , Mohamadian Fathola 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Mindfulness as an intervention approach in mental health has been increasingly used to promote health in young people. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on coping with stress, test anxiety, and happiness to promote health in female high school students.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The design of this study was quasi-experimental with control group, with pretest and posttest. The statistical population of the study included all the female students studying in the secondary high school in the city of Sanandaj in Iran with 2890 students, 40 of whom were selected by simple random sampling method and were randomly assigned to the experimental (20 individuals) and control groups (20 individuals). Participants completed the Oxford Happiness (0.79), Sarason Exam Anxiety (0.87), and Andler and Parker Stress Management (0.81) Questionnaires. The method of intervention was training based on mindfulness. Data were analyzed using covariance analysis.

RESULTS:
The results showed that in the posttest, a significant difference was seen between the mean scores of the participants of the experimental and control groups in the variables of problem-oriented, emotion-oriented, and avoidant coping variables (P < 0.05). In addition, the results showed that in the posttest, there was a significant difference between the mean scores of test anxiety; happiness; and happiness components including life satisfaction, self-esteem, active well-being, satisfaction, and positive mood (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that mindfulness training is an effective intervention to improve coping styles, test anxiety, and happiness in students.
Personalization of health information prescription in diabetes clinical setting
Authors: Nabiolahi Abdolahad , Sedghi Shahram , Aghili Rokhsareh , Nemati-Anaraki Leila 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
The prevalence of diabetes makes considerable costs for health-care organizations. The increase of patient's self-care abilities by use of personalizing health information prescription can reduce these costs. This study was conducted to explore the benefits and challenges related to personalizing health information prescription in diabetes clinical settings.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The samples included diabetes education officials working in specialized diabetes clinics and Diabetes Research Centre managers of Iran and Tehran Universities of Medical Sciences. They were 21 cases and selected through purposeful sampling method. Semi-structured interview and focus discussion groups were used to collect the viewpoints of specialists. Interview guide, based on literature review and the documents of diabetes, was used in interviews and focus groups. Their validity was affirmed by specialists. The interview texts were coded in MAXQDA10 software and analyzed through content analysis method.

RESULTS:
The most important benefits of personalizing health information prescription were classified into five themes as follows: medical services improvement, facilitation of consumers to information resources, improvement in patients’ knowledge and awareness, increase in self-care ability and disease management, reinforcing the relation between physician and patient and keeping physician in the information prescription cycle. The challenges of personalizing of health information prescription were revealed as follows: Recognition of patients’ personal characteristics at the turn of entering the system, systems’ functional modifiers especially bilateral interaction and relation to patient's health file, content recognition, and creating suitable protocol.

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that diabetes clinical settings face different organizational and process challenges for establishing the personalization of health information prescription. The most important challenges which should be considered in designing information prescription in diabetes clinical environments are as follows: reinforcing physicians’ recognition of information prescription benefits, lack of integrative electronic health information system, and patient primary assessment in the first stage of entering the patient into the system in respect of clinical and personal aspects in information needs of consumer.
The effect of positive psychology intervention on quality of life among women with unintended pregnancy
Authors: Rastad Zahra , Golmohammadian Mohsen , Jalali Amir , Kaboudi Bijan , Kaboudi Marzieh 
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND:
Studies have shown that quality of life in women with unintended pregnancy is significantly less than the ones with wanted gestation. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the effect of intervention based on the positive psychology interventions on women's QoL with unintended pregnancies in Kermanshah, Iran.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this randomized clinical trial, 40 women with unintended pregnancy met the eligibility criteria and were randomized into experimental (n = 20) or control (n = 20) groups. The Short-form 36-item Questionnaire (SF-36) was administered at pretest, post-test, and six weeks after the intervention. Positive psychology interventions were performed in each session once a week for 10 weeks, with a duration of 90 minutes. The Friedman test and Mann–Whitney U-test were used to analyze QoL and all eight domains for within-group and between-group comparisons, respectively. The level of confidence was set at 0.05 significant.

RESULTS:
Distribution of matched variables was not significantly different between the two trial groups. Over the intervention period, the mean of total scores of QoL and seven dimensions showed significant improvement among the experimental group, whereas in the control group, it decreased significantly (P < 0.05). In addition, in the posttest and follow-up stages, the mean score of six dimensions of QoL was higher than the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
According to the results of the present study, unintended pregnancy has side effects on QoL in women. Positive counseling interventions can improve the quality of life in women with unintended pregnancy.