bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Home
Authors: Gazit Ofer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The chapter focuses on musical performances of “home” with the aim of destabilizing and challenging this elusive category. Drawing on interviews and analysis of musical performances at the Taller Latino Americano, Birdland, and other venues across the city, it considers the various ways in which Argentinian and Chilean musicians reconstruct home as an emotional and sonic category, reacting to fluctuating demands to express or suppress their sense of national identity and ethnic belonging in their music. It examines the musical use of cultural markers such as the zamba, the cueca, the nueva canción, and the legacy of Violeta Parra alongside rejections of such icons as simplistic and essentializing. Finally, it argues that in a time of mass migration and frequent territorial displacements, musicians create emotional attachments to new places through various sonic practices, thus capturing the fluctuating nature of home as a musical and emotional category.
The Village
Authors: Gazit Ofer 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The sixth chapter, “The Village,” discusses the ways in which ethnic and racial frames of listening shape how migrant Jewish musicians are heard, and the practices they use to subvert these listening frames. It focuses on two performances by Israeli musicians: Uri Gurvich and Anat Cohen. Both performances took place at the famed Village Vanguard club in Greenwich Village, and both dedicated to renowned jazz musicians—John Zorn and Benny Goodman. By analyzing how markers of Jewishness (or the lack thereof) appear in their performances and how both the choice of an ensemble and the interactions within the ensemble subvert these markers, I ultimately show how migrant musicians actively work to decouple simple notions of race and ethnicity from sound.
Idealism and Experience
Authors: Bardon Adrian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We ended the last chapter wondering where the very idea of past and future come from, given that (a) we could never experience past or future events directly, and (b) memory and anticipation only have the meaning for us that they do because we already understand their connection to the past and future. Clearly, we do have the idea of past and future, and have no problem understanding what it means to remember or anticipate. But how we accomplish this is a different story, with a lot to teach us about the nature of time itself. In the last chapter we saw that the metaphysical question as to whether change is real was the focus in the ancient world; in the Enlightenment era of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the epistemological question as to the origin of temporal concepts became a central concern in its own right.
Regulating Platform Companies
Authors: Gorwa Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter offers historical analysis of some of the most important platform-oriented regulatory efforts, specifically as they pertain to three of the platform types laid out in the previous chapter: marketplaces, feed-based social networks, and ‘locally tethered’ service delivery platforms. It focuses on Europe and the US, surveying data protection, competition, labor, and content-oriented regulation that impacts how platform companies design their services.
Explaining Government Intervention in Content Moderation
Authors: Gorwa Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter outlines the book’s theoretical framework. The key question it seeks to answer is: how do we explain the variation in different strategies of platform regulation, and why are governments able to foster policy change in some cases but not in others? The chapter begins by outlining three ideal-type strategies that governments seeking to shape online content moderation can pursue: convince, collaborate, or contest. Building upon regulatory politics, international political economy, and global governance scholarship, it then argues that the decision of a government to intervene and regulate a platform company in a certain way, the strategy that it will choose to do so, and the likelihood of its success are all influenced by two main factors, which the chapter defines as political will and the power to intervene. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the book’s case studies, which are used to test this theoretical framework in Part II of the book.
After Christchurch
Authors: Gorwa Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses the diverging regulatory responses of Australia and New Zealand in the aftermath of the March 2019 Christchurch attack. It discusses how Australia quickly passed the Sharing of Abhorrent Violent Material Act, a muscular contested platform regulation strategy. Across the Tasman Sea, New Zealand instead, after initially considering a similar approach, ended up orchestrating a global, collaborative, voluntary regulatory initiative with industry: the Christchurch Call to Counter Violent Extremism. The chapter shows how two countries can be driven by political realities to respond to the same event with very different strategies.
Platform Regulation and the Majority World
Authors: Gorwa Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter looks beyond Europe, North America, and Oceania to provide a snapshot of the platform regulation landscape in three crucial countries for the future of global platform politics: China, India, and Brazil. Drawing on the work of researchers and civil society in these regions, it shows how book’s politically oriented toolbox can be used to glean interesting insights into the emergence and adoption of various platform regulation initiatives in a range of political contexts.
Conclusion
Authors: Gorwa Robert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The concluding chapter summarizes the main findings from the book’s case studies. It suggests some promising avenues for future research informed by regulatory politics sensibility (including ideas about new dataset creation, case studies, and other approaches), and offers some ideas as to how the book’s theoretical framework could be used to explore the politics of other technology policy domains. It concludes with a brief look at some important policy developments on the horizon, including the European Union’s Digital Services Act.
International Sanctions and Contested Normative Authority
Authors: Hellquist Elin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Does it matter for international politics who the sender of a sanction is? This chapter argues that yes, it matters a great deal, because sanctions are fundamentally social instruments that modify the “normal” terms of interactions between actors on the international scene. A relational understanding of sanctions proposes that the meaning and outcome of sanctions are ultimately determined in the social domain, through processes of exclusion and inclusion, of distance and proximity. The target needs to be involved for change to happen, and the premises for involvement vary between senders of sanctions. United Nations sanctions, unilateral/out-group sanctions, and regional/in-group sanctions lean on different legitimacy logics that reflect differences in the underlying relational premise. Recognizing the social underpinnings and consequences of sanctions helps better understand both how sanctions operate at the case level and how they shape the macro level of international relations.
Creativity, Craft, and Cooperation
Authors: Madden Kirsten , Persky Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
William Morris, artist, designer, and entrepreneur, contributed to cooperative thought when he became transfixed by Marxian philosophy and the plight of the working class. He advances a broad vision of a flourishing life, one with physical, intellectual, and social dimensions. Morris conceives pleasure seeking, creativity, and sociality as core components to his utilitarian social psychology. Strongly influenced by John Ruskin’s ideas on virtue, Morris rejects Ruskin’s authoritarianism and instead builds his understanding of cooperative institutions around equality, liberty, fellowship, and social responsibility. Morris contemplates the characteristics of work that generate high pleasure-to-pain ratios. Morris also effectively sketches an interactive system of happiness, popular art, and human development. Unlike the earlier cooperators, Morris anticipates a revolutionary transition before communism can be established along cooperative lines. His outlook has a noteworthy influence on G. D. H. Cole and the Guild Socialists. [Nicholas Armstrong is coauthor of this chapter.]
Reconstructions
Authors: Madden Kirsten , Persky Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The chapter starts with a review of the cooperative critique of classical liberal political economy and its inability to envision a better world. Attention then turns to a reconstruction of 19th-century British cooperative thought. A restatement of cooperative social psychology is followed by a reconsideration of institutional elements. The chapter then reconstructs the basic logic of cooperation starting with key assumptions (inclinations toward wellbeing, truth, and fellow feeling; an enlarged self-interest; and the full panoply of cooperative institutions). The chapter summarizes the arguments for the major outcomes (superabundance, happiness, and human development). The reconstruction ends with an explication of a strong stabilizing feedback mechanism from outcomes back to enlarged self-interest. Finally, the chapter raises outstanding questions, particularly the inadequacy of a convincing theory of cooperative transition.
Introduction
Authors: Oates Sarah , Ramsay Gordon Neil 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The convergence of strategic narratives from U.S. President Donald Trump and the Kremlin created historic opportunities for Russia’s global propaganda war. This could not have happened without Trump, who has been aided and abetted by politicians and U.S. news outlets such as Fox that favor propaganda over information. Through the 2020 election, the Stop the Steal conspiracy, and the Capitol insurrection, Russians found myriad ways to publicize the end of American democracy and the rise of Russia. Strategic narratives also played a key role in Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Identifying and tracking four key Russian strategic narratives—democracy is flawed and failing, resurgent Russia, protecting Russians abroad, and the West is out to destroy Russia—allows one to better understand how Russian propaganda finds echoes in U.S. news.
Imperium in the Carolingian World
Authors: Sarti Laury 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Frankish imperium is usually conceived as an imitation or usurpation of the ancient and/or Byzantine empire, its recognition by the eastern emperor in 812 as a half-hearted concession. This chapter challenges this view by arguing that when the Franks planned to raise an empire under the aegis of Charlemagne, they did not intend to found a new imperium following Roman models but to revive western Roman emperorship as known until 480. The second point is that Charlemagne was fully recognized as emperor by the Byzantines. The idea that the Carolingian imperium belonged to the one and only empire was only abandoned in the ninth century after it proved unrealizable. The chapter first surveys ancient Roman and Byzantine concepts of imperium and emperorship, followed by a section on the Frankish creation of an empire, the underlying notions, and how both related to the eastern empire. A third section discusses how the Carolingian empire evolved until the late ninth century.
Living with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Approximately one in ten adults over the age of 65 has greater memory or thinking problems than expected for their age. This is called mild cognitive impairment, or MCI. This book was written for people with MCI, their families, and the healthcare professionals who help them. It was written by three clinicians and scientists who have years of experience working with people with MCI. This book provides up-to-date and reliable information based on the science of MCI. The authors explain how MCI is diagnosed and treated, and provide information on how to improve cognitive health through healthy eating, exercise, and social and cognitive engagement. The book also provides practical, effective memory strategies. Throughout, stories illustrate the real-life issues facing people living with MCI. The book includes “Questions to Ask Your Doctor,” recommended readings, links to relevant web pages, and worksheets to guide readers through healthy lifestyle change.
Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 9 describes the family of dementias under the umbrella of frontotemporal dementia, including its two main types or variants: frontal behavioral and temporal language. The frontal variant of frontotemporal dementia is then described, including its typical onset earlier in life, the drastic changes in behavior that occur with this form of the disease, and how it appears on brain imaging. The next section deals with the temporal variant, also called primary progressive aphasia and its subtypes—nonfluent and fluent primary progressive aphasia. Finally, a hopeful behavioral therapy for fluent primary progressive aphasia, otherwise known as semantic dementia, is described.
When Mild Cognitive Impairment Stays Stable or Returns to Normal
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 15 describes the cases in which a diagnosis of MCI either stays stable, or the person is deemed cognitively healthy at a later date. The reasons why someone may continue to have a diagnosis of MCI for a long period of time are first described, including the simple fact that just like any other disease or condition, it can progress more quickly in some people than others. The other reason that is explained is that sometimes an unrelated condition, like a learning disability or previous event of low oxygen to the brain, can cause cognitive difficulties that have nothing to do with preclinical dementia but are sometimes mistaken for MCI. Next, the reasons why some people diagnosed with MCI return to normal are discussed. Again, other conditions contributing to cognitive impairment, such as depression or even anxiety during testing, are the usual cause of a temporary MCI diagnosis.
When Mild Cognitive Impairment Progresses to Dementia
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 16 begins by indicating the most likely dementia outcomes of the four types of mild cognitive impairment. Single- or multiple-domain amnestic mild cognitive impairment most often progresses to Alzheimer’s disease, but the multiple-domain variant can also progress to vascular dementia. Nonamnestic single-domain mild cognitive impairment most often progresses to frontotemporal dementia—the frontal type if executive functioning and behavior are impaired, and the temporal type if language is affected. Nonamnestic multiple-domain mild cognitive impairment usually progresses to Lewy body disease or vascular dementia. The next section of this chapter discusses rates of progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, and factors that affect estimates of these rates of progression. The final section in this chapter describes predictors of progression from mild cognitive impairment to dementia, such as the severity of cognitive impairment, greater brain changes, and genetic factors.
Stress Management and Mental Wellness
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 26 tackles the topics of stress management and mental wellness from two main standpoints: health-positive actions or behaviors, and health-positive viewpoints. Stress is experienced by a person when they lack a sense of control over a situation or event. It is common to experience stress from time to time, and there are strategies for improving how to manage stress. Physical exercise, relaxation techniques, and choosing how to view the situation can all influence how well a person copes with stress. The links between mental wellness and finding ways to be involved in activities that are personally meaningful, as well as with learning how to develop a positive attitude in dealing with everyday situations are described.
What About Driving?
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 29 talks about whether there has been cognitive change that might affect driving ability. Having mild cognitive impairment (MCI) does not mean the person is unsafe to drive. It does mean the person should pay attention to their driving behaviors, though. Warning signs that a person may be unsafe to drive are discussed in this chapter, along with formal driving evaluation. Sometimes taking other methods of transportation can have a lower yearly cost when compared to the cost of owning and operating a motor vehicle, The costs of ownership are reviewed along with options for other ways to get around.
Legal Matters
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 31 points out the important fact that the cognitive change in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is mild. People with MCI are able and capable of making their own decisions. Given that MCI is a risk factor for further cognitive decline, though, it is wise to take care of legal matters just in case thinking skills do indeed decline over time. In this chapter, basic ideas to get started on important tasks are described, such as assigning a power of attorney for personal care and for property and finances, as well as making a will. Resources for getting started on these kinds of legal matters are provided.
Physical and Cognitive Benefits of Exercise
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 38 discusses the physical and cognitive benefits of exercise. The benefits of exercise on muscles, lungs, and the heart are briefly acknowledged, but the focus is more on the benefits of exercise on the brain. The benefits of exercise among older adults on memory and executive functioning, increased brain volume, changes in the way people use their brains, and on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the molecule associated with the birth of new neurons, is described. Similar benefits have been found for people with mild cognitive impairment. How exercise improves brain health is then described. This includes the birth of new brain cells, increases in brain size, reductions in the risk of mini-strokes, increased electrical activity in the brain, greater functional connectivity within the brain, and reduced symptoms of depression.
What Is Cognitive Engagement?
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 41 introduces the idea of cognitive engagement and reviews the types of activities that provide this. Cognitive engagement refers to actively using your thinking skills in a way that requires effort. Other terms for the same idea are mental stimulation, intellectual engagement, and brain exercise. Many leisure activities and hobbies make you think hard, solve problems, and learn new things. These are all important for keeping your brain active. When building a more engaged lifestyle, it is important to have a variety of activities and to do them often. A box at the end of this chapter provides some suggestions for activities that provide cognitive engagement.
What Is Social Engagement?
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
By nature, humans are social beings. We tend to gather and live together, raise families together, and look after each other. There are a number of benefits to being around other people. Research shows it helps us feel happier and less stressed, and it helps us live longer. It can also be good for our brain health. Social engagement is a broad term that refers to interacting with others. Chapter 43 covers three important parts of social engagement: social networks, social activities, and social support. This chapter explains how each of these can be measured, and gives readers a chance to reflect on their own level of social engagement.
Benefits of Social Engagement: A Good Friend Is Good for You
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Connecting with others is something we may do simply because we enjoy it. On top of that, there are real benefits to be gained from socializing. Chapter 44 reviews the many ways that social engagement is good for general health, mood, and brain health. Having other people around us can help us feel better and be more engaged in life. It can also help us live longer, healthier lives. The link between socializing and brain health is explained. Socializing is linked to other health factors—such as cognitive engagement and exercise—that in turn improve brain health. Socializing is also thought to improve brain health by boosting cognitive reserve.
An Introduction to Memory Strategies
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 46 provides general background on memory strategies, what they are, and when to use them. Most memory strategies require some planning ahead. They work best when used during encoding, when you are getting information into memory in the first place. There are many different types of memory strategies. Choosing a specific strategy will depend on what you are trying to remember as well as your personal preferences. Like learning any new skill, it takes practice to become good at using memory strategies. With practice, strategies become easier to use, and can be helpful for remembering the things you don’t want to forget.
Attention as a Memory Strategy
Authors: Anderson Nicole D. , Murphy Kelly J. , Troyer Angela K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chapter 49 describes the link between attention and memory. In order to remember something, it is important to pay attention to it in the first place. One strategy for focusing attention is called “see it and say it.” The idea is to focus your attention on something by visualizing a picture in your mind’s eye—that’s the “see it” part. Then, state out loud what you want to do or just did—that’s the “say it” part. This strategy can be helpful for remembering what you were just about to do and what you have just done. Research has shown this is an effective memory strategy. Older adults who are instructed to use this kind of strategy are about twice as likely to remember to complete a task than people who aren’t told about the strategy.
Comments on the welfare state and social work
Authors: Sawatsky Alexander W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter reviews the history of the state—from early feudal systems to the modern iterations. Theories of welfare dominated by views such as Hobbes’ belief in society’s barbarous nature and the origins behind utilitarianism are examined and discussed. Anarchist critiques of the state are then reviewed to ask new questions about the nature of welfare, given social work’s dominion in this aspect of the state’s function. Understanding the state’s purpose in using welfare policy to pacify society and defend its own existence are considered in light of anarchist critiques of the state. This is especially timely given the neoliberal turn and the reemergence of austerity measures that are given further support, as governments will point to the pandemic and associated economic fallout.