bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of carboxymethyl cellulose from coconut fibers and its application as solid polymer electrolyte membranes
Authors: Ndruru Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo , Syamsaizar Aziz Daka , Hermanto Sandra , Sitanggang Boy Chandra , Tawa Bibiana Dho , Kareem Aseel Ameer , Hayati Atika Trisna , Ramadhoni Benni F. , Sofyan Muhammad Ihsan , Annas Dicky , Prasetyo Joni , Marlina Anita , Sabrina Qolby , Yulianti Evi , Sudaryanto  , Wahyuningrum Deana , Arcana I Made 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCarboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) is one of the important cellulose derivatives, and it can be developed as a host polymer for solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) membrane. This study aimed to synthesis of CMC from coconut fiber cellulose and it was applied to prepare the SPE membranes. Cellulose isolation was conducted through the delignification and bleaching process, while the CMC synthesis was conducted through alkalization and carboxymethylation treatments. SPE membranes were prepared by blending CMC with carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCh) (80/20) and mixed with various weight percentages of LiOAc at room temperature. SPE membranes characterizations were conducted using FTIR, EIS, XRD, SEM, and tensile testing. Cellulose and CMC yields were 23.1% and 65.44%, respectively. Incorporating 20 wt% LiOAc into the CMC/CMCh (80/20) SPE membrane yielded the highest ionic conductivity of 1.37 × 10−3 S/cm. Based on the results, CMC obtained from coconut fibers has the potential to produce solid polymer electrolyte membranes with some modification.
Ensemble‐based classification using microRNA expression identifies a breast cancer patient subgroup with an ultralow long‐term risk of metastases
Authors: Block Ines , Burton Mark , Sørensen Kristina P. , Larsen Martin J. , Do Thi T. N. , Bak Martin , Cold Søren , Thomassen Mads , Tan Qihua , Kruse Torben A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrent clinical markers overestimate the recurrence risk in many lymph node negative (LNN) breast cancer (BC) patients such that a majority of these low‐risk patients unnecessarily receive systemic treatments. We tested if differential microRNA expression in primary tumors allows reliable identification of indolent LNN BC patients to provide an improved classification tool for overtreatment reduction in this patient group.MethodsWe collected freshly frozen primary tumors of 80 LNN BC patients with recurrence and 80 recurrence‐free patients (mean follow‐up: 20.9 years). The study comprises solely systemically untreated patients to exclude that administered treatments confound the metastasis status. Samples were pairwise matched for clinical‐pathological characteristics to minimize dependence of current markers. Patients were classified into risk‐subgroups according to the differential microRNA expression of their tumors via classification model building with cross‐validation using seven classification methods and a voting scheme. The methodology was validated using available data of two independent cohorts (n = 123, n = 339).ResultsOf the 80 indolent patients (who would all likely receive systemic treatments today) our ultralow‐risk classifier correctly identified 37 while keeping a sensitivity of 100% in the recurrence group. Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed independence of voting results from current clinical markers. Application of the method in two validation cohorts confirmed successful classification of ultralow‐risk BC patients with significantly prolonged recurrence‐free survival.ConclusionProfiles of differential microRNAs expression can identify LNN BC patients who could spare systemic treatments demanded by currently applied classifications. However, further validation studies are required for clinical implementation of the applied methodology.
Rib fracture secondary to cough‐induced trauma
Authors: Alhatemi Ahmed Qasim Mohammed , Hashim Hashim Talib , Hashim Ali Talib 
Published: April 2024

Key clinical messageEarly identification of rib fractures, even in young patients without chronic diseases, is essential. Prompt diagnosis facilitates appropriate management, aiding in pain control and addressing underlying causes such as persistent coughing. Additionally, vigilance for complications such as pneumothorax and rib displacement is crucial for optimizing patient care.
Giant cell tumor of distal radius: En bloc resection with allograft reconstruction: A case report
Authors: Ahangar Parviz , Rahimnia Alireza , Akbaribazm Mohsen , Khalilpour Abbas , Rahimi Mohsen , Pirmohamadi Hosein 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageGiant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a rare neoplasm which often presents as a lytic lesion in the epiphyseal region of long bones and which are usually accompanied by pain, swelling, and restricted movement.AbstractGiant cell tumor of bone (GCT) is a rare neoplasm that affects individuals in their third and fourth decades of life. Clinically, it often presents as a lytic lesion in the epiphyseal region of bones, notably the distal femur and proximal tibia. Radiologically, GCT appears as a distinct lytic lesion in the epiphyseal region. Histopathologically, GCTs are composed of mononuclear cells, macrophages, and multinuclear giant cells, indicative of osteoclastogenic stromal tumors. A 37‐year‐old man presented with left wrist pain, swelling, and restricted movement persisting for a year, worsening over the last 7 months. Radiographic assessments revealed a distal radius bone mass involving the radiocarpal joint. Biopsy confirmed a GCT with extension into peripheral muscle. PET/CT scan showed localized pathology without metastasis. Histopathologically, GCT exhibited multinucleated giant cells, spindle cells, and aneurysmal bone cyst‐like regions with coagulation necrosis. Surgical resection involved en‐bloc removal and reconstruction with a non‐vascularized radius bone graft. Postoperatively, the patient showed no complications at the one‐year follow‐up, suggesting successful intervention.
Familial cryptogenic stroke
Authors: Takafuji Hiroya , Kobayashi Tetsuya , Kato Nahoko , Obunai Kotaro 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageFamilial cryptogenic stroke associated with atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale is rare. The presence of a family history of cryptogenic stroke may lead to the requirement for careful follow‐up for younger family members.
Proton Domino Reactions at an Imidazole Relay Control the Oxidation of a TyrZ‐His190 Artificial Mimic of Photosystem II
Authors: Sheth Sujitraj , Gotico Philipp , Herrero Christian , Quaranta Annamaria , Aukauloo Ally , Leibl Winfried 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA close mimic of P680 and the TyrosineZ‐Histidine190 pair in photosystem II (PS II) has been synthesized using a ruthenium chromophore and imidazole‐phenol ligands. The intramolecular oxidation of the ligands by the photoproduced Ru(III) species is characterized by a small driving force, very similar to PS II where the complexity of kinetics was attributed to the reversibility of electron transfer steps. Laser flash photolysis revealed biphasic kinetics for ligand oxidation. The fast phase (τ<50 ns) corresponds to partial oxidation of the imidazole‐phenol ligand, proton transfer within the hydrogen bond, and formation of a neutral phenoxyl radical. The slow phase (5–9 μs) corresponds to full oxidation of the ligand which is kinetically controlled by deprotonation of the distant 1‐nitrogen of the imidazolium. These results show that imidazole with its two protonatable sites plays a special role as a proton relay in a ‘proton domino’ reaction.
Proof‐of‐concept study of anti‐Fel d 1 IgY antibodies in cat food using the MASK‐air® app
Authors: Bousquet Jean , Gherasim Alina , de Blay Frédéric , Mathieu‐Dupas Eve , Batot Géraldine , Laune Daniel , Sousa‐Pinto Bernardo , Zuberbier Torsten , Pham‐Thi Nhân ,   MASK‐cat study group
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAn innovation to better manage cat‐allergic patients utilises anti‐Fel d 1 IgY antibodies to neutralise Fel d 1 after its production by the cat. However, there is no published study showing its clinical efficacy in humans in a home setting. A longitudinal, open‐label, proof‐of‐concept study was carried out to approach clinical efficacy of the cat food in cat‐allergic patients.MethodsAfter a baseline evaluation, the cats ate only the cat food for the following 4 months. Daily evaluation of efficacy was performed for 2 weeks at baseline and after 1, 2 and 3 months of intervention for periods of 2 weeks. The MASK‐air app was used daily to assess symptoms, work productivity and medications.ResultsOf the 49 patients screened, 42 were followed up and 33 (78.5%) reported MASK‐air data at all 3 evaluation periods. The primary end point (visual analogue scale [VAS] for global allergy symptoms) was significantly improved (p < 0.0001). All symptoms (VAS nose, eye, and asthma), VAS work and the combined symptom‐medication score significantly improved after 1 month. The percentage of uncontrolled days (VAS>20/100) decreased from 64% at baseline to 35% at 1 month (p < 0.0001) and 14% at 3 months. A sensitivity analysis in patients with uncontrolled disease at baseline found similar results.DiscussionA cat diet containing anti‐Fel d 1 antibodies was able to (i) show decreased allergic symptoms and related outcomes, (ii) inform the design and feasibility of future studies with a control arm and (iii) estimate the sample size of the study.Study registration number: clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05656482.
Psychological distress and mental health care utilization among Black survivors of adolescent and young adult cancer
Authors: Choi Eunju , Berkman Amy M. , Battle Aryce , Betts Andrea C. , Salsman John M. , Milam Joel , Andersen Clark R. , Miller Kimberly A. , Peterson Susan K. , Lu Qian , Cheung Christabel K. , Livingston J. A. , Hildebrandt Michelle A. T. , Parsons Susan K. , Freyer David R. , Roth Michael E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer experience significant psychological distress and encounter barriers to accessing mental health care. Few studies have investigated racial/ethnic disparities in psychological health outcomes among AYA survivors, and none have compared outcomes within a racially minoritized population.MethodsNational Health Interview Survey data (2010–2018) were analyzed that identified non‐Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black) survivors of AYA cancer and age‐ and sex‐matched Black noncancer controls. Sociodemographic factors, chronic health conditions, modifiable behaviors (smoking and alcohol use), and psychological outcomes were assessed with χ2 tests. Logistic regression models, adjusted for survey weights, were used to evaluate the odds of psychological distress by cancer status after adjusting for covariates. Interactions between variables and cancer status were investigated.ResultsThe study included 334 Black survivors of AYA cancer and 3340 Black controls. Compared to controls, survivors were more likely to report moderate/severe distress (odds ratio [OR], 1.64; p < .001), use mental health care (OR, 1.53; p = .027), report an inability to afford mental health care (OR, 3.82; p < .001), and use medication for anxiety and/or depression (OR, 2.16; p = .001). Forty‐one percent of survivors reported moderate/severe distress, and only 15% used mental health care. Among survivors, ages 18–39 years (vs. 40–64 years) and current smoking (vs. never smoking) were associated with the presence of moderate/severe distress. Among survivors with distress, high poverty status was associated with reduced utilization of mental health care.ConclusionsA cancer diagnosis for a Black AYA is associated with greater psychological distress within an already vulnerable population.
Designing Bi‐In2O3 Nanoflower Catalysts for Enhanced Performance of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to Formate
Authors: Wang Ruichen , Deng Siting , Pang Yongyu , Chai Guoliang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction (ECO2RR) is capable of converting CO2 into a wide range of value‐added products under relatively mild conditions. Electrocatalyst with high selectivity and activity is crucial for high efficient ECO2RR. Herein, Bi‐In2O3 nanoflower catalysts with different metal ratios synthesized by wet chemical method are used for ECO2RR to produce formate. The results indicate that the hydrogen evolution activity of the Bi‐In2O3 catalysts during ECO2RR is suppressed at a low level and the activity and selectivity of formate production is related to the ratio of Bi to In content in the catalysts. The optimized Bi‐In2O3 catalyst with the ratio of Bi6In94 can achieve a high formate Faradaic efficiency (FEformate) over 80 % under a wide potential range from −0.7 V to −1.2 V vs. RHE, with the maximum value of 88.1 % at −0.7 V vs. RHE. Meanwhile, the highest formate partial current density reaches 47.7 mA cm−2 at −1.2 V vs. RHE and the current density and Faradaic efficiency remain stable during the 10 h stability test. The enhanced formate formation on Bi‐In2O3 NF can be attributed to the synergistic effect between Bi and In according to the characterizations of the Bi‐In2O3 NF.
Effect of Impurities on Solubility and Metastable Zone Width of Manganese Sulfate Monohydrate
Authors: Yang Sen , Zhou Xiaomeng , Du Haowen , Xie Chuang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecovering manganese from waste batteries is an important issue to promote the development of new energy. Herein, nickel sulfate and cobalt sulfate, representative impurities in waste battery leachate, are selected to examine their influence on the crystallization thermodynamics and crystal nucleation of manganese sulfate monohydrate. This work assessed alterations in solubility and metastable zone width (MSZW) due to the presence of impurities. The results showed a decrease in manganese sulfate monohydrate solubility in water with increasing impurity concentrations of either nickel sulfate or cobalt sulfate. The effects of initial concentration, heating rate, and impurity concentration on MSZW demonstrated a consistent increase in MSZW as these factors increased. The MSZW data are fitted using the self‐consistent Nývlt‐like model and the classical 3D nucleation theory model. The results revealed a general increase in the nucleation rate constant, K, with increasing saturation temperature or decreasing nickel sulfate concentration. Conversely, the solid‐liquid interface energy, γ, generally decreases with increasing saturation temperature or decreasing nickel sulfate concentration. Based on the influence observed on the interface energy, a possible mechanism is proposed that suggests that impurities inhibit crystal nucleation through adsorption.
Quantifying landscape change following catastrophic dam failures in Edenville and Sanford, Michigan, USA
Authors: Martin Harrison K. , Edmonds Douglas A. , Yanites Brian J. , Niemi Nathan A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDam failures due to changing hydroclimate and ageing infrastructure pose a significant threat to downstream river systems and communities. The detailed geomorphic effects of catastrophic dam failures are not well known because of a lack of high‐resolution topographic data before and after failures. On 19 May 2020, the 17‐m‐tall Edenville and 11‐m‐tall Sanford dams near Midland, Michigan, USA, failed as a result of significant rainfall over the preceding 2 days. We analysed the geomorphic impacts of these failures using a pre‐failure airborne lidar dataset and three uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV)‐based lidar surveys collected 2 weeks, 3 months and 11 months after failure. Our survey following the dam failure revealed 47 100 ± 11 900 m3 of net floodplain erosion and 17 300 ± 4200 m3 of net deposition downstream of the Edenville and Sanford dam breaches, respectively. Over the year following failure, most geomorphic change was confined to new knickpoints migrating slowly through underlying glacial till substrate, with little change to riverbanks or surrounding floodplains. A lack of impounded reservoir sediment and antecedent downstream topography, including valley width and the location of the breaches relative to the river below the dams, contributed to relatively modest geomorphic changes despite the magnitude of water released. We provide insight into how landscapes are shaped by catastrophic floods, which are likely to become more common with ageing dams and a changing hydroclimate.
Effects of tislelizumab on health‐related quality of life in patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Yang Yunpeng , Pan Jianji , Chen Nianyong , Guo Ye , Huang Xiaoming , Wu Yanjie , Leaw Shiangjiin , Bai Fan , Wang Yu , Zhao Na , Tang Boxiong , Barnes Gisoo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study evaluated health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in the RATIONALE‐309 (NCT03924986) intent‐to‐treat (ITT) population and in a subgroup of patients with liver metastases.MethodsPatients were randomized 1:1 to tislelizumab + chemotherapy or placebo + chemotherapy. As the secondary endpoint, HRQoL was evaluated using seven selected scores from the EORTC QLQ‐C30 and QLQ Head and Neck Cancer module (QLQ‐H&N35).ResultsOf 263 randomized patients in the ITT population (tislelizumab + chemotherapy n = 131, placebo + chemotherapy n = 132), 43% had liver metastases (tislelizumab + chemotherapy n = 56; placebo + chemotherapy n = 57). No differences in change in selected scores on the QLQ‐C30 from baseline to cycle 4 or cycle 8 were observed for the ITT or liver metastases subgroup. No differences in selected QLQ‐H&N35 scores were observed between the arms from baseline to cycle 4. In the ITT population and the liver metastases subgroup, a greater reduction from baseline to cycle 8 was observed in the tislelizumab + chemotherapy arm than the placebo + chemotherapy arm in QLQ‐H&N35 pain score. At cycle 8 in the liver metastases subgroup, the tislelizumab + chemotherapy arm experienced greater improvement in the QLQ‐H&N35 senses problems score than the placebo + chemotherapy arm. Differences in time to deterioration between arms were not observed.ConclusionsThe current findings, along with improved survival and favorable safety, suggests that tislelizumab + chemotherapy represents a potential first‐line treatment for recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal cancer.
Analysis of schizophrenia‐associated genetic markers in the HLA region as risk factors for tardive dyskinesia
Authors: Wang Ruoyu , Lu Justin Y. , Herbert Deanna , Lieberman Jeffrey A. , Meltzer Herbert Y. , Tiwari Arun K. , Remington Gary , Kennedy James L. , Zai Clement C. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe pathology of Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) has yet to be fully understood, but there have been proposed hypotheses for the cause of this condition. Our team previously reported a possible association of TD with the Complement Component C4 gene in the HLA region. In this study, we explored the HLA region further by examining two previously identified schizophrenia‐associated HLA‐region single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely rs13194504 and rs210133.MethodsThe SNPs rs13194504 and rs210133 were tested for association with the occurrence and severity of TD in a sample of 172 schizophrenia patients who were recruited for four studies from three different clinical sites in Canada and USA.ResultsThe rs13194504 AA genotype was associated with decreased severity for TD as measured by Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) scores (p = 0.047) but not for TD occurrence. SNP rs210133 was not significantly associated with either TD occurrence or AIMS scores.ConclusionOur findings suggest that the rs13194504 AA genotype may play a role in TD severity, while SNP rs210133 may not have a major role in the risk or severity of TD.
Potential novel role of the human amniotic membrane as a sustainable hemostat
Authors: Mousa Noha Ahmed , Soliman Sherouk Magdy , Al‐Mofty Saif El‐Din 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesAcute hemorrhage can cause significant morbidity and mortality arising from trauma, bleeding disorders, surgical procedures, or obstetric complications. Surgical hemostasis methods may fail to stop acute bleeding due to the complex bleeding dynamics of each bleeding type. Therefore, developing safe and effective topical hemostatic agents remains crucial. The human amniotic membrane (hAM) has established clinical evidence of effectiveness in promoting wound healing and tissue regeneration. Despite its unique biological and immunologic properties and its structural composition of established hemostatic elements, the hemostatic role of hAM has not been yet explored. The present study aimed to investigate this potential role and to describe the development protocol and characterization of hAM‐derived topical hemostat.MethodsSurface electron microscope (SEM) imaging and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used for characterization, and mouse models with induced peritoneal and tail wound bleeding were employed to evaluate the hemostatic effectiveness using physiological studies, in comparison to a chitosan‐based combat‐scale hemostat.ResultsThe hAM hemostat showed a distinctive composition by SEM and FTIR. Applying equal masses of the hAM hemostat, the commercial hemostat, or a combination reduced peritoneal wound bleeding time to averages of 108.4, 86.2, and 76.8 s, respectively, compared to the control group (300 s). Tail wound bleeding times were similarly reduced with no significant difference between the hAM and the commercial hemostat (P values = 0.29, 0.34 in peritoneal and tail wounds, respectively). Neither hemostat affected coagulation time.ConclusionThis study describes a simple cost‐effective preparation protocol for a hAM‐based hemostatic agent. The long‐recognized safety, sustainability, and immunotolerance advantages of hAM can establish superiority over commercial hemostats with reported safety concerns. Robust research validation in larger‐scale bleeding models is required for wider applications and severe bleeding types.
Addressing water scarcity in agricultural irrigation: By exploring alternative water resources for sustainable irrigated agriculture
Authors: Elmahdi Amgad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis review paper addresses challenges in the water sector, particularly in irrigated agriculture, aiming to propose solutions for meeting irrigation demands while promoting global food security and sustainable development, notably SDG 6. Structured around three facets: empowering farmers, strengthening conventional sources of irrigation water and harnessing non‐conventional water resources, it emphasizes the significance of exploring blue water resources due to precipitation variability. Many irrigation systems operate below efficiency, offering productivity enhancement opportunities. Water management in agriculture spans various levels, involving farmers as key stakeholders. In addition to surface water, alternative sources like rainwater, grey water, recycled wastewater and groundwater can meet irrigation needs. Rainfed agriculture, facing challenges from erratic rainfall, can benefit from rainwater harvesting and under‐irrigation practices. Wastewater emerges as a pivotal resource, particularly in periurban areas, necessitating appropriate safety measures. This paper presents the General Report of Congress Question 64 of the ICID Congress in Visakhapatnam. It provides a unique opportunity to focus on how alternative water resources might enhance the resilience of irrigation systems and bridge the gap between water supply and demand. The subdivision of the paper into three distinct subtopics guides research contributions, encouraging responses that delve into the specific themes of reinforcing, harnessing and empowering, all within the context of sustainable irrigated agriculture.