bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Customized Electronic Modulations of Transition Metal Chalcogenide Electrodes Via Heterointerfacing/High‐Valence Doping Toward High‐Performance Water Electrolysis with Ampere‐Level Current Density
Authors: Qin Xinyu , Yan Bingyi , Chen Tianyu , Teng Zhishun , Cho Deok Ki , Haryanto Andi , Lim Hyun Woo , Lee Chan Woo , Piao Yuanzhe , Xu Lin , Kim Jin Young 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElectrochemical water splitting offers an advancing approach to producing highly pure hydrogen and oxygen, motivated by the prevalence of a low‐carbon economy and the goal of a sustainable future. The customized modulation of electronic structures enables the electrocatalyst to directionally promote hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is a promising shortcut to overall water splitting (OWS). Herein, 3D homologous WSeS/CoSeS heterojunction nanoarrays (WSeS/CoSeS NAs) and W‐doped CoSeS nanoarrays (W‐CoSeS NAs) are investigated. Abundant heterointerfaces within WSeS/CoSeS NAs facilitate HER kinetics, boosting mass diffusivity, and increasing carrier separation and transfer process. High‐valence W6+ doping into CoSeS prevents phase separation and stabilizes Co sites by charge offset effect, leading to enhanced OER. Consequently, the WSeS/CoSeS NAs and W‐CoSeS NAs reach 10 mA cm−2 at an overpotential of 43.8 and 233.3 mV in 1.0 m KOH electrolyte for HER and OER, respectively. Moreover, when asymmetrically engaged as an electrolyzer, this configuration exhibits extraordinary electrocatalytic performances (cell voltage of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm−2) with satisfying stability and mechanical robustness (over 1000 h at 1000 mA cm−2). The modulation and manufacture of reaction‐property‐oriented materials are experimentally and theoretically validated potential, illuminating the light of inspiration for multiple applications.
Synergistic Enhancement of Dielectric Polymers Through Fluorine Incorporation for Improved Energy Storage, Reduced Loss, and Enhanced Processability
Authors: Cheng Yipin , Ji Qinglong , Zhang Guanxiang , Zhang Xiao , Liu Zhenxue , Gong Honghong , Zhang Zhicheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEstablishing a harmonious equilibrium between high energy storage, minimal energy loss, and exceptional processability presents a formidable challenge within the realm of dielectric polymers. To address this challenge, harnessing the characteristics of long‐chain side groups to enhance polarity and toughness, as well as the fluorine effect to improve insulation and efficiency, a random copolymer, poly(4‐fluorostyrene‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate) (P(FS‐3FEMA)), is successfully synthesized via copolymerization of fluorine‐containing monomers, namely 4‐fluorostyrene (FSt) and trifluoroethyl methacrylate (3FEMA). Experimental findings demonstrate that elongating side chains enhances polymer toughness, boosts polarization strength, and self‐healing capacity. Introducing fluorine atoms into side chains maintains toughness while marginally increasing polymer chain spacing, reducing relaxation loss induced by dipole reorientation under an applied electric field. Additionally, fluorine incorporation enhances electron capture, effectively reducing leakage loss and the likelihood of thermal and electrical breakdown. Ultimately, the copolymer exhibits exceptional performance, characterized by extraordinarily high energy storage (Ue = 18.3 J cm−3), minimal energy loss (efficiency exceeding 89%), and enhanced toughness (increased by over 112%). This study presents a novel approach that harnesses the fluorine effect to reconcile the conflicting requirements of high energy storage, minimal energy loss, and exceptional processability in polymer dielectrics.
Polyamidoxime‐Coated Coconut Haustorium Derived Magnetic Biochar Adsorbent with Photothermal Conversion for Highly Efficient Uranium Recovery from Nuclear Wastewater
Authors: Zhou Guanbing , Gao Feng , Liu Tao , Shi Se , Wang Hui , Yuan Yihui , Wang Ning 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient removal of uranium from uranium‐containing nuclear wastewater is of great significance for utilizing uranium resources and protecting the environment from uranium hazards. In this paper, a polyamidoxime‐coated coconut haustorium derived magnetic biochar (CHMBC‐PAO) composite adsorbent with excellent adsorption performance, magnetism, recyclability, and photothermal conversion properties in complex environments is prepared through a simple soak‐gelation coating method for efficient removal of uranium from nuclear wastewater. The coconut haustorium biochar, carbonized by a sponge‐like organ inside the sprouted coconut, can provide rich functional groups and electronegative surface, which are conducive to the loading of functional materials and the adsorption of uranyl, respectively. The CHMBC‐PAO presents 2.4 emu g−1 saturation magnetization, making it can be efficiently recovered through magnetic recovery. It can convert absorbed light into thermal energy through molecular thermal vibration and non‐radiative relaxation process of excitons. Enhanced by the photothermal effect, CHMBC‐PAO shows an extra high uranium adsorption capacity of 310.30 mg g−1 in acidic nuclear wastewater within a short period of time, surpassing the adsorption capacity of most reported uranium removal materials. Meanwhile, the CHMBC‐PAO also presented excellent ion selectivity and reusability. Therefore, CHMBC‐PAO composite adsorbent can be considered as a potential candidate for treating radioactive nuclear wastewater.
Ultralow Detection Limit and Anisotropic X‐Ray Detection Behaviors Based on A Novel Oxide KCsMoP2O9 Single Crystal
Authors: Fan Mengdi , Sun Xue , Wu Guangda , Zhang Guodong , Yu Fapeng , Zhao Xian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractX‐ray detection has drawn great attention in industrial examination, medical imaging, scientific research, and beyond. Herein, the anisotropic X‐ray detection performances are investigated based on a novel oxide crystal KCsMoP2O9 (KCMP). The large dielectric screening effect and 1D infinite chain structure consisting of MoO6 octahedron and two PO4 tetrahedrons are conducive to efficient carrier transport along the X‐direction, leading to a higher µτ (4.77 × 10−3 cm2 V−1) of X direction than that of Z direction (1.05 × 10−4 cm2 V−1). Additionally, the KCMP‐based X‐ray detector along the X direction shows weaker ion migration than that of the Z direction due to the large migration barrier of O2− (8.0 eV) and high ion active energy (784.9 meV) along the X direction. Owing to the high resistivity (2.29 × 1013 Ω cm), high µτ, high ion activation energy, suppressed ion migration, and ultralow dark current, the X‐ray detection performance of the KCMP detector along the X direction is superior to that of the Z direction. Specifically, the high sensitivity (131.2 µC Gy−1 cm−2) and ultralow detection limit (8.9 nGys−1) are achieved in the KCMP detector along the X direction. This work clarifies anisotropic engineering to enhance the X‐ray detection performance of oxide crystals and proposes a novel X‐ray detection crystal with an ultralow detection limit.
In Situ Fabricated Poly(1,8‐naphthalenediamine)/Active Carbon Composite Cathodes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries with High Active Sites Utilization and Ultralong Life Span of 50 000 Cycles
Authors: Zhao Xiaoru , Wang Zhuanping , Yang Jixing , Xu Yunhua , Li Yuesheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymers with redox activity are one type of promising candidates of cathode materials for aqueous Zn‐ion batteries due to their potential low‐cost, high safe, and renewable features. Unfortunately, suboptimal polymer electrode structure often results in unsatisfactory electrochemical performance. Herein, poly(1,8‐diaminonaphthalene)/active carbon composite electrodes are prepared via nanoconfined in situ electropolymerization within porous active carbon, which have ultrahigh specific surface area (1035.0 m2 g−1) and unique nano‐porous structure, thereby highly enhancing the utilization of the active site up to 91.6%. The as‐prepared cathodes deliver ultrahigh reversible capacity of 479.5 mAh g−1, ultrafast rate capability of up to 60 A g−1 and an ultralong life span of 50,000 cycles. Storage mechanism investigation indicates that the cathode material involves a bipolar‐type behavior. These encouraging results demonstrate that nanoconfined in situ electropolymerization in active carbon is a brand‐new strategy for the design of advanced polymer electrodes for high‐performance aqueous Zn‐organic batteries.
Development of Bio‐Voltage Operated Humidity‐Sensory Neurons Comprising Self‐Assembled Peptide Memristors
Authors: Lv Ziyu , Zhu Shirui , Wang Yan , Ren Yanyun , Luo Mingtao , Wang Hanning , Zhang Guohua , Zhai Yongbiao , Zhao Shilong , Zhou Ye , Jiang Minghao , Leng Yan‐Bing , Han Su‐Ting 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBiomimetic humidity sensors offer a low‐power approach for respiratory monitoring in early lung‐disease diagnosis. However, balancing miniaturization and energy efficiency remains challenging. This study addresses this issue by introducing a bioinspired humidity‐sensing neuron comprising a self‐assembled peptide nanowire (NW) memristor with unique proton‐coupled ion transport. The proposed neuron shows a low Ag+ activation energy owing to the NW and redox activity of the tyrosine (Tyr)‐rich peptide in the system, facilitating ultralow electric‐field–driven threshold switching and a high energy efficiency. Additionally, Ag+ migration in the system can be controlled by a proton source owing to the hydrophilic nature of the phenolic hydroxyl group in Tyr, enabling the humidity‐based control of the conductance state of the memristor. Furthermore, a memristor‐based neuromorphic perception neuron that can encode humidity signals into spikes is proposed. The spiking characteristics of this neuron can be modulated to emulate the strength‐modulated spike‐frequency characteristics of biological neurons. A three‐layer spiking neural network with input neurons comprising these highly tunable humidity perception neurons shows an accuracy of 92.68% in lung‐disease diagnosis. This study paves the way for developing bioinspired self‐assembly strategies to construct neuromorphic perception systems, bridging the gap between artificial and biological sensing and processing paradigms.
Highly Regular Layered Structure via Dual‐Spatially–Confined Alignment of Nanosheets Enables High‐Performance Nanocomposites
Authors: Zhang Si‐Chao , Hou YuanZhen , Chen Si‐Ming , He Zhen , Wang Ze‐Yu , Zhu YinBo , Wu HengAn , Gao Huai‐Ling , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAssembling ultrathin nanosheets into layered structure represents one promising way to fabricate high‐performance nanocomposites. However, how to minimize the internal defects of the layered assemblies to fully exploit the intrinsic mechanical superiority of nanosheets remains challenging. Here, a dual‐scale spatially confined strategy for the co‐assembly of ultrathin nanosheets with different aspect ratios into a near‐perfect layered structure is developed. Large‐aspect–ratio (LAR) nanosheets are aligned due to the microscale confined space of a flat microfluidic channel, small‐aspect–ratio (SAR) nanosheets are aligned due to the nanoscale confined space between adjacent LAR nanosheets. During this co‐assembly process, SAR nanosheets can flatten LAR nanosheets, thus reducing wrinkles and pores of the assemblies. Benefiting from the precise alignment (orientation degree of 90.74%) of different‐sized nanosheets, efficient stress transfer between nanosheets and interlayer matrix is achieved, resulting in layered nanocomposites with multiscale mechanical enhancement and superior fatigue durability (100 000 bending cycles). The proposed co‐assembly strategy can be used to orderly integrate high‐quality nanosheets with different sizes or diverse functions toward high‐performance or multifunctional nanocomposites.
Electroreductive Cross‐Electrophile Coupling of Aromatic Carbonyl Compounds and Alkyl Bromides
Authors: Li Rui‐Xue , Wang Xiao‐Wen , Chen Yuan , He Xue‐Yan , Guan Zhi , He Yan‐Hong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClassical methods for the synthesis of tertiary alcohols mainly rely on the nucleophilic addition of organometallic reagents to carbonyl compounds. Here, we disclose a strategy for synthesizing tertiary alcohols via electroreductive cross‐electrophile coupling of aromatic carbonyl compounds and alkyl bromides (allyl, propargyl, benzyl and cyclohexyl bromides). This procedure features good substrate tolerance and friendly conditions (undivided cell, cheap and reusable carbon electrodes, reaction in open air, room temperature, without any external transition metal/activating reagent). Using this method, 32 desired products can be obtained with moderate to good yields, and gram‐scale synthesis is feasible, demonstrating the practicality of this approach.
Electron Spin Broken‐Symmetry of Fe–Co Diatomic Pairs to Promote Kinetics of Bifunctional Oxygen Electrocatalysis for Zinc–Air Batteries
Authors: Li Xiaokang , Qin Jian , Lin Qingxin , Yi Xiaoyu , Yan Cheng , Zhang Jianhua , Dong Jinjuan , Yu Kang , Zhang Shenglong , Xie Chong , Yang Huijuan , Xiao Wei , Li Wenbin , Wang Jingjing , Li Xifei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDesigning bifunctional catalysts to reduce the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) reaction barriers while accelerating the reaction kinetics is perceived to be a promising strategy to improve the performance of Zinc–air batteries. Unsymmetric configuration in single‐atom catalysts has attracted attention due to its unique advantages in regulating electron orbitals. In this work, a seesaw effect in unsymmetric Fe–Co bimetallic monoatomic configurations is proposed, which can effectively improve the OER/ORR bifunctional activity of the catalyst. Compared with the symmetrical model of Fe–Co, a strong charge polarization between Co and Fe atoms in the unsymmetric model is detected, in whom the spin‐down electrons around Co atoms are much higher than those spin‐up electrons. The seesaw effect occurred between Co atoms and Fe atoms, resulting in a negative shift of the d‐band center, which means that the adsorption of oxygen intermediates is weakened and more conducive to their dissociation. The optimized reaction kinetics of the catalyst leads to excellent performance in ZABs, with a peak power density of 215 mW cm−2 and stable cycling for >1300 h and >4000 cycles. Flexible Zinc–air batteries have also gained excellent performance to demonstrate their potential in the field of flexible wearables.
Homogeneous In‐Plane Lattice Strain Enabling d‐Band Center Modulation and Efficient d–π Interaction for an Ag2Mo2O7 Cathode Catalyst With Ultralong Cycle Life in Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Yu Han , Zhang Guoliang , Zhang Dongmei , Yang Ruonan , Li Xia , Zhang Xiuqi , Lian Gang , Hou Hua , Guo Zhanhu , Hou Chuanxin , Yang Xiaoyang , Dang Feng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough lithium–oxygen batteries (LOBs) hold great promise as future energy storage systems, they are impeded by insulated discharge product Li2O2 and sluggish oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution revolution (ORR/OER) kinetics. The application of a highly efficient cathode catalyst determines the LOBs performance. The d‐band modulation and catalytic kinetics promotion are important concept guidelines for the performance enhancement of cathode catalysts. In this work, the homogeneous in‐plane distortion‐derived synergistic catalytic capability of an Ag2Mo2O7 catalyst with modulated d‐band centers and promoted ORR/OER kinetics is demontrated. The uniform elongation of Ag─O bonds and compression of Mo─O bonds in (020) plane leads to d‐band splitting and d‐band center optimization and delivers improved adsorption behavior for high ORR/OER capability. Furthermore, the spatial and energy overlap of Ag dxz and O2 anti‐bonding π* orbitals facilitate electron injection during ORR process and reduce the energy barrier for charge transfer and O2 desorption during OER process, accelerating the ORR/OER kinetics. As a result, the (020) plane‐exposed Ag2Mo2O7 cathode exhibits ultralong cycle stability of 817 cycles at 500 mA g−1 and large specific discharge/charge capacities of 15898/15180 mAh g−1. This work provides facile concept guidance for optimizing catalytic capability through controlled lattice distortion in cathode catalysts for LOBs.
Narrow row maize cultivation increased grain and forage yield of hybrids in Ohio and Pennsylvania
Authors: Gomes Victor E. de V. , Lindsey Alexander J. , Novais Wanderson , Thomison Peter R. , Geyer Allen B. , Roth Gregory W. , Reese Kirk D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough there has been a resurgence in interest among farmers in producing narrow row hybrid maize (Zea mays L.) in the Eastern UnitedStates, agronomic recommendations for modern hybrids are limited. To address this issue, field trials were carried out from 2016 to 2018 in Ohio and Pennsylvania (10 unique site‐year combinations), aiming to answer the following questions: (i) Do modern hybrids differ in their response to narrow (38 cm) and conventional (76 cm) row spacing? (ii) Is there a yield increase for narrow row production? The study was planted in a split‐plot randomized complete block design with four replications. The whole plot factor was row spacing, and the subplot factor was hybrid. Two hybrids (P0506AM and P0604AM) were in an “early”‐season group, and two hybrids (P1197AM and P1443AM) were “full”‐season hybrids. Both P0506AM and P1443AM were identified as AQUAmax hybrids and had superior seed company drought tolerance ratings over their maturity pairing counterpart. Grain and forage yield were 4% and 8% greater, respectively, for the narrow row spacing across hybrids. Hybrid differences in drought tolerance designation did not result in grain or forage yield differences under varied row spacings. There was no hybrid × row spacing interaction. In most site‐years, P1197AM hybrid produced the greatest grain and forage yields, though P1443AM and P0506AM were similar in most cases. Results suggest a minor advantage in yield (≤8%) from narrow rows in Ohio and Pennsylvania, though other considerations that include cost to conversion should be considered prior to adoption.
Abuse and other factors related to depression in older Ecuadorian adults
Authors: Sánchez Brenda Lorena Pillajo , Serrano‐Dueñas Marcos , Panta Diego Alexander Mendoza , Vásquez Juana Albertina Moncayo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo identify abuse and other risk factors associated with depression in older Ecuadorian adults using data from the 2012 Ecuador's Survey of Health, Welfare, and Aging (SABE).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analyzed data from the 2012 SABE survey, which included 5235 adults aged 60 and above. The study evaluated residence, education level, ethnic self‐identification, self‐perceived health and memory, loneliness, cognitive status, and abuse. Depression was assessed using the Yesavage Depression Scale, short version (YDS‐SV). Categorical variables were analyzed with the Chi‐square test, differences between groups were calculated with the Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiple linear regression analysis was performed. A p‐value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean age was 71.39 ± 8.59 years and 55.10% of the sample were women. Abuse was absent in 72.1% (3.773) of the population. The Chi‐square test indicated significant associations between depression and poor self‐reported health (P = 0.000) and indigenous ethnicity (P = 0.000). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age (P < 0.001), abuse (p < 0.001), cognitive status (P = 0.002), and living alone (P = 0.034) significantly contributed to mood as assessed by the YDS‐SV. No statistically significant association was found for perceived health status or place of residence (urban or rural).ConclusionsRisk factors associated with depression in older Ecuadorian adults include advanced age, living alone, cognitive decline, poor self‐perception of health and cognition, and abuse.
Long‐term pharmacodynamic and clinical effects of twice‐ versus once‐daily low‐dose aspirin in essential thrombocythemia: The ARES trial
Authors: Rocca Bianca , Tosetto Alberto , Petrucci Giovanna , Rossi Elena , Betti Silvia , Soldati Denise , Iurlo Alessandra , Cattaneo Daniele , Bucelli Cristina , Dragani Alfredo , Di Ianni Mauro , Ranalli Paola , Palandri Francesca , Vianelli Nicola , Beggiato Eloise , Lanzarone Giuseppe , Ruggeri Marco , Carli Giuseppe , Elli Elena Maria , Renso Rossella , Randi Maria Luigia , Bertozzi Irene , Loscocco Giuseppe Gaetano , Ricco Alessandra , Specchia Giorgina , Vannucchi Alessandro M. , Rodeghiero Francesco , De Stefano Valerio , Patrono Carlo ,   for the Aspirin Regimens in EsSential thrombocythemia (ARES) Investigators
Published: June 2024

AbstractPatients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) are treated with once‐daily low‐dose aspirin to prevent thrombosis, but their accelerated platelet turnover shortens the antiplatelet effect. The short‐term Aspirin Regimens in EsSential Thrombocythemia trial showed that twice‐daily aspirin dosing restores persistent platelet thromboxane (TX) inhibition. However, the long‐term pharmacodynamic efficacy, safety and tolerability of twice‐daily aspirin remain untested. We performed a multicenter, randomized, open‐label, blinded‐endpoint, phase‐2 trial in which 242 patients with ET were randomized to 100 mg aspirin twice‐ or once‐daily and followed for 20 months. The primary endpoint was the persistence of low serum TXB2, a surrogate biomarker of antithrombotic efficacy. Secondary endpoints were major and clinically relevant non‐major bleedings, serious vascular events, symptom burden assessed by validated questionnaires, and in vivo platelet activation. Serum TXB2 was consistently lower in the twice‐daily versus once‐daily regimen on 10 study visits over 20 months: median 3.9 ng/mL versus 19.2 ng/mL, respectively; p < .001; 80% median reduction; 95% CI, 74%–85%. No major bleeding occurred. Clinically relevant non‐major bleedings were non‐significantly higher (6.6% vs. 1.7%), and major thromboses lower (0.8% vs. 2.5%) in the twice‐daily versus once‐daily group. Patients on the twice‐daily regimen had significantly lower frequencies of disease‐specific symptoms and severe hand and foot microvascular pain. Upper gastrointestinal pain was comparable in the two arms. In vivo platelet activation was significantly reduced by the twice‐daily regimen. In patients with ET, twice‐daily was persistently superior to once‐daily low‐dose aspirin in suppressing thromboxane biosynthesis and reducing symptom burden, with no detectable excess of bleeding and gastrointestinal discomfort.
Kohlenstoff‐Basierte Schwach Koordinierende Anionen: Molekulares Design, Synthese und Anwendung
Authors: Kelling Leif , Eßer Julian , Knyszek Daniel , Gessner Viktoria H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCarbanionen sind in der Regel reaktive Intermediate und starke Metallierungsreagenzien, können aber durch die Wahl geeigneter Substituenten entscheidend stabilisiert werden. Dennoch wurden sie bisher kaum als schwach koordinierende Anionen (WCA) in Betracht gezogen. In der vorliegenden Studie haben wir eine Reihe verschieden substituierter Carbanionen auf ihr Potential als WCA zu fungieren mittels Dichtefunktionaltheorie untersucht. Dies führte zur Synthese des luft‐ und wasserstabilen Allylanions 1 mit je zwei Triflyl‐ und 3,5‐Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl (ArF) Substituenten, welches effizient auch im Gramm‐Maßstab dargestellt werden konnte. Röntgenstrukturanalysen sowie NMR‐Studien bestätigten die schwache Wechselwirkung von 1 mit verschiedenen Kationen, was den Einsatz von 1 in der Stabilisierung reaktiver Gruppe 14 und 15 Kationen ermöglichte. Neben der Kristallisation eines Phospheniumkations wurden die ersten rein auf Kohlenstoff‐Verbindungen basierten Salze mit einem nicht‐aromatischen Anion erhalten, welche sich zur Hydridabstraktion beispielsweise von Silanen eigneten. Insgesamt deutet diese Arbeit auf ein bisher noch wenig ausgenutztes Potential von Carbanionen als WCAs für breitere Anwendungen in der Zukunft hin.