bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survivin mediates prostate cell protection by HIF‐1α against zinc toxicity
Authors: Yun Young‐Joo , Li Shan‐Hua , Cho Young‐Suk , Park Jong‐Wan , Chun Yang‐Sook 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe prostate contains extremely high concentrations of zinc, but survives and grows without apparent injury. This begs the question as to how prostate cells avoid the toxic effects of zinc. In a previous study, the authors found that; HIF‐1α is expressed concomitantly with the accumulation of zinc in the epithelial cells of normal rat prostates, the zinc ion stabilizes HIF‐1α in prostate cells, and that HIF‐1α protects prostate cells from zinc toxicity. In the present study, the authors addressed the mechanism responsible for the protective effect of HIF‐1α in a high zinc environment.METHODSImmunofluorescent staining, immunoblotting, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction, reporter assay, and cell cycle analysis.RESULTSSurvivin was induced by ZnCl2 in a HIF‐1 dependent manner in both DU‐145 and PNT2 prostate cells. Furthermore, HIF‐1 induced survivin expression at the transcriptional level and the induction of survivin was abolished by HIF‐1α knock‐down. In addition, HIF‐1‐dependent survivin overexpression promoted prostrate cell survival and prevented cell arrest in the presence of high zinc concentrations, and si‐survivin transfected cells under zinc rich conditions contained markedly higher levels of cleaved caspase‐9 and PARP than si‐con transfected cells. Finally, survivin expression patterns well matched rat prostate proliferation statuses.CONCLUSIONUnder zinc rich conditions, prostate epithelial cells HIF‐1‐dependently express survivin, which promotes prostate cell proliferation, and prevents apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Accordingly, the HIF‐1α‐survivin pathway appears to facilitate prostate cell survival and growth in zinc rich environments, and this pathway could be a therapeutic target for the treatment of prostate hyperplasia. Prostate 70: 1179–1188, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activation of FOXO1 is critical for the anticancer effect of methylseleninic acid in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Haitao , Fang Jian , Yao Dian , Wu Yue , Ip Clement , Dong Yan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrevious studies have demonstrated that physiological concentrations of methylseleninic acid (MSA) inhibits the growth of prostate cancer cells. The growth inhibitory effect could be attributed to cell cycle block and apoptosis induction. The current study was designed to investigate the involvement of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in the anticancer effect of MSA.METHODSLNCaP and LAPC‐4 cells were treated with 10 µM MSA for various time points, and the expression of FOXO1 was analyzed by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting. FOXO1 activity was determined by a luciferase construct containing FOXO binding sites. The trans‐activation activity of the androgen receptor (AR) was determined by the ARE‐luciferase assay. FOXO1 gene silencing was achieved by using a small interfering RNA (siRNA).RESULTSMSA treatment led to a rapid and robust increase of FOXO1 expression, as well as an increase of the FOXO1 transcriptional activity. Blocking FOXO1 activation by gene silencing abolished apoptosis induction by MSA, suggesting FOXO1 plays a critical role in mediating the apoptotic effect of MSA. Recent studies have shown that FOXO1 and AR antagonize the actions of each other. We examined the consequence of FOXO1 induction on AR activity. Consistent with previous reports, we found that ectopic expression of FOXO1 suppressed the transcriptional activity of AR. Furthermore, FOXO1 silencing attenuated MSA suppression of AR activity, suggesting that FOXO1 induction contributes to suppression of AR signaling by MSA.CONCLUSIONSIn prostate cancer cells, MSA activates the FOXO1 signaling pathway. FOXO1 activation is critical for the anticancer effects of MSA. Prostate 70:1265–1273, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of Ack1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor on ligand‐independent androgen receptor activity
Authors: Mahajan Kiran , Challa Sridevi , Coppola Domenico , Lawrence Harshani , Luo Yunting , Gevariya Harsukh , Zhu Weiwei , Chen Y. Ann , Lawrence Nicholas J. , Mahajan Nupam P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDAndrogen receptor (AR) plays a critical role in the progression of both androgen‐dependent and androgen‐independent prostate cancer (AIPC). Ligand‐independent activation of AR in AIPC or castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is often associated with poor prognosis. Recently, tyrosine kinase Ack1 has been shown to regulate AR activity by phosphorylating it at tyrosine 267 and this event was shown to be critical for AIPC growth. However, whether a small molecule inhibitor that can mitigate Ack1 activation is sufficient to abrogate AR activity on AR regulated promoters in androgen‐depleted environment is not known.METHODSWe have generated two key resources, antibodies that specifically recognize pTyr267‐AR and synthesized a small molecule inhibitor of Ack1, 4‐amino‐5,6‐biaryl‐furo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine (named here as AIM‐100) to test whether AIM‐100 modulates ligand‐independent AR activity and inhibits prostate cell growth.RESULTSProstate tissue microarray analysis indicates that Ack1 Tyr284 phosphorylation correlates positively with disease progression and negatively with the survival of prostate cancer patients. Interestingly, neither pTyr267‐AR expression nor its transcriptional activation was affected by anti‐androgens in activated Ack1 expressing or EGF stimulated prostate cells. However, the Ack1 inhibitor, AIM‐100, not only inhibited Ack1 activation but also able to suppress pTyr267‐AR phosphorylation, binding of AR to PSA, NKX3.1, and TMPRSS2 promoters, and inhibit AR transcription activity.CONCLUSIONAck1 Tyr284 phosphorylation is prognostic of progression of prostate cancer and inhibitors of Ack1 activity could be novel therapeutic agents to treat AIPC. Prostate 70:1274–1285, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oversights and omissions in process hazard analyses: Lessons learned from CSB investigations
Authors: Kaszniak Mark 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAlthough process hazard analyses have been voluntarily used in the chemical processing industries for over 30 years and required by U.S. regulation for certain processes involving highly hazardous chemicals since the early 1990s, failing to apply or continued misapplication of these techniques allow process hazards to remain either undetected or unappreciated. Using findings from past CSB investigations as examples, this article discusses some problems observed in process hazard analyses that diminished their overall effectiveness and prevented them from fully identifying and/or evaluating process hazards. Some practical solutions are presented for making process hazard analyses more effective. Published 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 2010
Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy of supported mass selected silver clusters
Authors: Wortmann Ben , Mende Kolja , Duffe Stefanie , Grönhagen Niklas , von Issendorff Bernd , Hövel Heinz 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUltraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) was used to investigate size selected Ag923±9 and Ag55 clusters which were softlanded on a clean graphite substrate (HOPG) at 100 and 50 K, respectively. With increasing cluster coverage closer to the centre of the deposition spot a continuous change of the d‐band signal is observed. Differences in the fine structure of the d‐band and comparison to UPS spectra of clusters grown at nanopits on HOPG show that the clusters in the centre of the deposition spot coalesced. However, Ag55 spectra measured at the rim of the deposition spot indicate that the clusters stay separated in regions of lower coverage for a deposition temperature of 50 K. This is corroborated by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) images measured at 5 K using 1 monolayer (ML) Xe to fix the Ag55 clusters to the substrate, thus making them observable with STM. By comparison to UPS data taken on different sample positions in a 1 × 1 mm2 grid it was determined that at the rim of the deposition spot the coverage of 30 clusters per 100 × 100 nm2 was low enough for an UPS measurement of single separated Ag55 clusters. Differences in the spectra for the largest coverage of Ag55 and Ag923 clusters in the deposition spot centre indicate that the resulting Ag film has a partial (111) orientation for the deposition of Ag55 at 50 K whereas it is mostly polycrystalline for Ag923 deposited at 100 K.
Room‐temperature tunable mid‐infrared lasers on transition‐metal doped II–VI compound crystals grown from vapor phase
Authors: Kozlovsky V. I. , Akimov V. A. , Frolov M. P. , Korostelin Yu. V. , Landman A. I. , Martovitsky V. P. , Mislavskii V. V. , Podmar'kov Yu. P. , Skasyrsky Ya. K. , Voronov A. A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSeeded free growth method with physical transport was used for preparation of large‐size II–VI single crystals uniformly doped by transition metals directly during the growth. The grown crystals possess small intrinsic losses. Based on these crystals new results on development of mid‐IR lasers were achieved. With the CdSe:Cr crystal pumped at the room temperature (RT) by a continuous wave (CW) 1.908‐µm thulium fiber laser, output laser power at 2.6 µm was increased up to 1.7 W. CW lasing from the ZnSe:Fe crystal was achieved using the 2.97‐µm CW Cr2+:CdSe laser as a pump source. In this case the output power as high as 0.2 W was obtained at 4.1 µm and T = 80 K. Broad spectral tuning of the Cr2+:CdSe (2.26–3.61 µm) and Fe2+:ZnSe (3.95–5.05 µm) lasers was achieved at RT in the pulsed operation. The RT laser action from CdS:Cr and CdSe:Fe was demonstrated for the first time. The output power of the CW Cr+2:CdS laser was 0.81 W. The pulsed Fe2+:CdSe laser was tuned in the 4.6–5.9 µm spectral range.
Optical and photothermal investigations of Zn1−x−yBexMnySe solid solutions
Authors: Firszt Franciszek , Strzałkowski Karol , Zakrzewski Jacek , Łęgowski Stanisław , Męczyńska Hanna , Maliński Mirosław , Dumcenco Dumitru , Huang Chen‐Tai , Huang Ying‐Sheng 
Published: March 2010

AbstractQuaternary Zn1−x−yBexMnySe solid solutions were grown from the melt by the high pressure Bridgman method in the range of composition 0 < x < 0.24, 0 < y < 0.45. Luminescence and photothermal properties of this material were investigated. From the spectral dependence of the amplitude and phase of photoacoustic signal as well as from photoluminescence (PL) spectra the variation of energy gap with composition was determined. The photoluminescence‐excitation (PLE) spectra were measured and the origin of luminescence in Zn1−x−yBexMnySe was discussed.
Methods to spectrally tune II–VI‐based monolithic microcavities
Authors: Sebald K. , Seyfried M. , Kalden J. , Lohmeyer H. , Kruse C. , Gust A. , Hommel D. , Gutowski J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present methods to achieve a spectral matching between a quantum dot (QD) emitter and the resonator mode of an airpost pillar microcavity (MC). These techniques are important to optimize the light‐matter interaction in order to increase the collection efficiency and the recombination rate of the emitter leading to an improvement of the properties of, for example, a single photon source. The investigations were performed on different MC structures containing either ZnCdSSe quantum wells or CdSe QDs, respectively, as their active region. The spectral tuning of the QD emission was realized by temperature variation and by laser annealing. The spectral positions of the resonator modes were adjusted by tailoring the diameter of the airpost pillars. Hence, permanent and non‐permanent spectral tuning methods will be presented.
Dynamical nuclear polarization and confinement effects in ZnO quantum dots
Authors: Baranov Pavel G. , Orlinskii Sergei B. , Hofmann Detlev M. , Donegá Celso de Mello , Meijerink Andries , Schmidt Jan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe spatial distribution of the electronic wave function of a shallow donor (SD) in a ZnO semiconductor quantum dots (QD's) has been determined in the regime of quantum confinement by using the nuclear spins as probes. Hyperfine (HF) interactions as monitored by electron nuclear double resonance spectroscopy quantitatively reveal the transition from semiconductor to molecular properties upon reduction of the size of the nanoparticles. Influence of confinement effect on g‐factor value of SD's in ZnO and CdS QD's was displayed. The almost complete dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) of nuclear spins has been demonstrated can be achieved in ZnO QD's by saturating the EPR transition of the SD present in the QD's with using high‐frequency at low temperatures. Polarization of 67Zn nuclear spins in ZnO core and of 1H nuclear spins in the Zn(OH)2 capping layer have been obtained which manifests itself via the creation of a hole and an antihole in the EPR absorption line of the SD in QD's and a shift of the hole (antihole). The enhancement of the nuclear polarization opens the possibility to study semiconductor nanostructures with NMR techniques
Encoded Multichromophore Response for Simultaneous Label‐Free Detection
Authors: Pistol Constantin , Mao Vincent , Thusu Viresh , Lebeck Alvin R. , Dwyer Chris 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe self‐assembly of molecularly precise nanostructures is widely expected to form the basis of future high‐speed integrated circuits, but the technologies suitable for such circuits are not well understood. In this work, DNA self‐assembly is used to create molecular logic circuits that can selectively identify specific biomolecules in solution by encoding the optical response of near‐field coupled arrangements of chromophores. The resulting circuits can detect label‐free, femtomole quantities of multiple proteins, DNA oligomers, and small fragments of RNA in solution via ensemble optical measurements. This method, which is capable of creating multiple logic‐gate–sensor pairs on a 2 × 80 × 80‐nm DNA grid, is a step toward more sophisticated nanoscale logic circuits capable of interfacing computers with biological processes.
Recent advances on bioorganic chemistry of plant metabolites controlling nyctinasty
Authors: Nakamura Yoko , Manabe Yoshiyuki , Inomata Sho , Ueda Minoru 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLeguminous plants open their leaves during the daytime and close them at night as if sleeping, a type of movement that follows circadian rhythms, and is known as nyctinastic movement. This phenomenon is controlled by two endogenous bioactive substances that exhibit opposing activities: Leaf‐Opening Factor (LOF), which opens the leaves, and Leaf‐Closing Factor (LCF), which closes them. The authors have carried out chemical biological research using these bioactive substances as molecular probes in order to clarify the mechanisms of nyctinastic movement. Here, we report on the detection and identification of the target proteins of these compounds using original methodology. © 2010 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 10: 70–79; 2010: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.200900021
New strategy in synthetic biology: from enzyme inhibition and natural products synthesis to PET imaging by 6π‐azaelectrocyclization
Authors: Tanaka Katsunori , Fukase Koichi , Katsumura Shigeo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWhile elucidating the inhibitory mechanism of a hydrolytic enzyme by aldehyde‐containing natural products, we discovered a reaction involving a rapid 6π‐azaelectrocyclization of azatrienes generated from aldehyde with lysine residues. The electrocyclic reaction of the 1‐azatriene system, a cyclization precursor, exhibited a substituent effect. Structure‐reactivity studies showed that azaelectrocyclization, which usually proceeds in low yield at high temperatures, produced a quantitative yield in less than 5 min at room temperature. Asymmetric chiral piperidine synthesis and a one‐pot library synthesis of pyridines on solid‐supports were applied to synthesize pyridine/indole alkaloid‐type natural products. Additionally, we developed lysine‐based labeling of biomolecules based on the rapid 6π‐azaelectrocyclization. Both DOTA as a metal chelating agent (either for MRI, PET, or other radiopharmaceutical purposes, e.g., SPECT with gamma emitters) as well as fluorescent groups were introduced efficiently and selectively into lysine residues within 10 min at concentrations as low as 10−8 m. The DOTA‐labeled somatostatin and glycoproteins were then radiometallated with 68Ga to observe the receptor‐mediated accumulation of somatostatin in pancreatic tissue. Furthermore, microPET visualized the oligosaccharide dependent circulatory residence of glycoproteins for the first time. © 2010 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 10: 119–139; 2010: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.200900026
Delivery of DNA vaccines: an overview on the use of biodegradable polymeric and magnetic nanoparticles
Authors: Xiang Sue D. , Selomulya Cordelia , Ho Jenny , Apostolopoulos Vasso , Plebanski Magdalena 
Published: March 2010

AbstractVaccination offers a cost‐effective approach to the control of endemic infectious and a less invasive treatment modality against cancers. Since the discovery that injecting DNA encoding antigens (expressedin vivo) results in the induction of CD8 T cells as well as antibody mediated immunity, researchers have tried to develop methods to consistently enhance this immunity to disease protective levels in humans. Adsorption, coformulation, or encapsulation with particles has been found to both stabilize DNA formulations, through preventing rapid degradation, and provide vaccine adjuvanting effects, largely due to effective uptake of particulate materials by antigen presenting cells. Recently, it has been shown that nanoparticles, as opposed to microparticles, based DNA vaccine carriers are preferentially taken up by dendritic cells resulting in the induction of maximal levels of combined humoral and cellular immunity.WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol2010 2 205–218This article is categorized under:Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging TechnologiesTherapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious DiseaseToxicology and Regulatory Issues in Nanomedicine > Toxicology of Nanomaterials
Building a Tool to Identify Risk for Lynch Syndrome Among Individuals Presenting for Screening Colonoscopy
Authors: Rabinowitz‐Abrams Deborah , Morgan Debra , Morse James , Miesfeldt Susan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe goal of this work was to build and pilot‐test a user‐friendly Lynch syndrome risk assessment tool among individuals presenting for routine screening colonoscopy. Participants included adults presenting to a private practice‐based, open‐access endoscopy unit. Working with health literacy experts and gastroenterologists, and based on established criteria, we developed a simplified tool to assess Lynch syndrome risk, pre‐procedure. A pilot‐test of the tool assessed its: 1) clinical utility; 2) patient‐reported usability; and 3) feasibility. The tool, in paper format, was written at a 9th grade reading level and included instructions for use followed by seven Lynch syndrome risk‐related questions, structured such that one “Yes” response signified potential risk. A pilot‐test of the tool among 334 patients revealed that 29 met criteria for Lynch syndrome risk. Of these, following telephone review of their responses, risk was confirmed in 9 patients (3% of total). The tool was reported as easy‐to‐use and was seen as feasible for use. Limitations include: 1) the need for infrastructure to distribute and collect the tool and 2) the availability of knowledgeable staff to review tool responses, confirm risk, and facilitate appropriate referral for genetic counseling. These data suggest that the tool affects assessment of Lynch syndrome risk among the routine colon cancer screening population.
Reporting of Subscores Using Multidimensional Item Response Theory
Authors: Haberman Shelby J. , Sinharay Sandip 
Published: March 2010

Recently, there has been increasing interest in reporting subscores. This paper examines reporting of subscores using multidimensional item response theory (MIRT) models (e.g., Reckase in Appl. Psychol. Meas. 21:25–36, 1997; C.R. Rao and S. Sinharay (Eds), Handbook of Statistics, vol. 26, pp. 607–642, North-Holland, Amsterdam, 2007; Beguin & Glas in Psychometrika, 66:471–488, 2001). A MIRT model is fitted using a stabilized Newton–Raphson algorithm (Haberman in The Analysis of Frequency Data, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1974; Sociol. Methodol. 18:193–211, 1988) with adaptive Gauss–Hermite quadrature (Haberman, von Davier, & Lee in ETS Research Rep. No. RR-08-45, ETS, Princeton, 2008). A new statistical approach is proposed to assess when subscores using the MIRT model have any added value over (i) the total score or (ii) subscores based on classical test theory (Haberman in J. Educ. Behav. Stat. 33:204–229, 2008; Haberman, Sinharay, & Puhan in Br. J. Math. Stat. Psychol. 62:79–95, 2008). The MIRT-based methods are applied to several operational data sets. The results show that the subscores based on MIRT are slightly more accurate than subscore estimates derived by classical test theory.
The Composition of Crude Corn Oil Recovered after Fermentation via Centrifugation from a Commercial Dry Grind Ethanol Process
Authors: Moreau Robert A. , Hicks Kevin B. , Johnston David B. , Laun Nathan P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA study was conducted to examine the chemical composition of corn oil obtained after fermentation of corn to make fuel ethanol via centrifugation and compare its composition to that of corn germ oil (commercial corn oil) and experimental corn oils. The levels of free fatty acids in the post fermentation corn oil were high (11–16%), as previously reported. The levels of free phytosterols and hydroxycinnamate steryl esters (similar to oryzanol in rice bran oil) were higher than those of corn germ oil and were comparable to those of ethanol‐extracted corn kernel oil. The levels of tocopherols were lower in post‐fermentation oil than in either corn germ oil or ethanol extracted corn kernel oil. The levels of lutein and zeaxanthin in post‐fermentation were much higher than those in corn germ oil and were comparable to those in ethanol‐extracted corn kernel oil. Overall, exposure to all upstream processes of a fuel ethanol plant, including high‐temperature liquefaction, saccharification and fermentation appeared to have the most notable effect on tocopherols, but it had little effect on the levels of free phytosterols, hydroxycinnamate steryl esters, lutein and zeaxanthin. It may be desirable to recover these valuable functional lipids prior to using the post‐fermentation corn oil for industrial applications such as making biodiesel if a cost‐effective recovery process can be developed.