bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A time-adjusted control chart for monitoring surgical outcome variations
Authors: Cordier Quentin , Le Thien My-Anh , Polazzi Stéphanie , Chollet François , Carty Matthew J. , Lifante Jean-Christophe , Duclos Antoine 
Published: May 2024

Background
Statistical Process Control (SPC) tools providing feedback to surgical teams can improve patient outcomes over time. However, the quality of routinely available hospital data used to build these tools does not permit full capture of the influence of patient case-mix. We aimed to demonstrate the value of considering time-related variables in addition to patient case-mix for detection of special cause variations when monitoring surgical outcomes with control charts.

Methods
A retrospective analysis from the French nationwide hospital database of 151,588 patients aged 18 and older admitted for colorectal surgery between January 1st, 2014, and December 31st, 2018. GEE multilevel logistic regression models were fitted from the training dataset to predict surgical outcomes (in-patient mortality, intensive care stay and reoperation within 30-day of procedure) and applied on the testing dataset to build control charts. Surgical outcomes were adjusted on patient case-mix only for the classical chart, and additionally on secular (yearly) and seasonal (quarterly) trends for the enhanced control chart. The detection of special cause variations was compared between those charts using the Cohen’s Kappa agreement statistic, as well as sensitivity and positive predictive value with the enhanced chart as the reference.

Results
Within the 5-years monitoring period, 18.9% (28/148) of hospitals detected at least one special cause variation using the classical chart and 19.6% (29/148) using the enhanced chart. 59 special cause variations were detected overall, among which 19 (32.2%) discordances were observed between classical and enhanced charts. The observed Kappa agreement between those charts was 0.89 (95% Confidence Interval [95% CI], 0.78 to 1.00) for detecting mortality variations, 0.83 (95% CI, 0.70 to 0.96) for intensive care stay and 0.67 (95% CI, 0.46 to 0.87) for reoperation. Depending on surgical outcomes, the sensitivity of classical versus enhanced charts in detecting special causes variations ranged from 0.75 to 0.89 and the positive predictive value from 0.60 to 0.89.

Conclusion
Seasonal and secular trends can be controlled as potential confounders to improve signal detection in surgical outcomes monitoring over time.
Earnings Management e Financial Distress: Uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura pelo Método Proknow-C
Authors: Teodoro Ferreira de Sousa Victor Hugo , Maciel Peixoto Fernanda , Aparecida Cunha Michele 
Published: May 2024

O objetivo do artigo é apresentar uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a relação entre earnings management e financial distress. O estudo busca compreender os principais achados dessa relação: principais autores; periódicos; amostras e regiões; os proxies para as variáveis e as lacunas a serem exploradas. Para isso foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, utilizando o método Proknow-C. O banco de artigos bruto (BAB) reportou 1.477 artigos de sete bases de dados, que após seguir os passos do método Proknow-C, com apoio dos softwares Zotero e Excel, chegou-se ao portfólio bibliográfico (PB) de 36 artigos, abrangendo autores dos cinco continentes. O estudo contribui ao permitir a problematização dos conceitos, explorar os resultados apresentados, vieses, observar tendências, métodos mais utilizados nas análises e, com isso, identificar lacunas de pesquisa. Dentre os 36 artigos do PB, o periódico que se destaca na publicação do tema é o Cogent Economics & Finance, o artigo mais citado foi o de Jaggi e Lee (2002); a revista com maior JCI foi International Review of Financial Analysis e a revista com maior H-Index foi a Sustainability. Ademais, apuraram-se os proxies utilizadas para mensurar earnings management e financial distress. O artigo contribui ao identificar as abordagens e resultados de estudos contemporâneos, provenientes de periódicos de alto fator de impacto, e assim, indicar direções futuras para as pesquisas que irão se desenrolar sobre a temática. Gestores, reguladores e instituições financeiras podem utilizar os resultados deste trabalho para aprimorar suas práticas de gestão financeira.
Assimetrias de gênero: jornada de trabalho, rendimentos e a demanda por qualificação (Brasil, 2012-2019)
Authors: Mudesto Marques Marina , Hermeto Ana 
Published: May 2024

Este artigo analisa o comportamento da jornada e dos rendimentos por hora, conectado à demanda de qualificação, nas formas de inserção ocupacional e setorial, a fim de verificar as implicações sobre as assimetrias de gênero. A análise dos rendimentos por hora pode ser vista como uma proxy para retorno à produtividade. Os resultados apontam que, ao longo da década de 2010, os diferentes padrões da jornada entre os grupos ocupacionais e setoriais são mais evidenciados do que as assimetrias de gênero. Adicionalmente, o estudo indica a tendência de redução da jornada de trabalho concomitante à redução dos rendimentos por hora.
Husainnasir
Authors: Amin Kahila Muhammad ad-Dasuki , Nasir Husain , Sabry Muhammad Sadik , Malik Firdaus , Has Muhammad Hadsin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the science of Qiraat, the problem of vowel reading on letters and words in the Qur'an is still much that has not been revealed, both from the aspect of classical and modern scholarly opinions.
This study aims to describe and introduce several rules about the process of occurrence of vowel a/i/u in certain words and verses, which are caused by the presence of letters, hamzah, sukun, and ishmam, including exploring new ways of analyzing the phonology of modern Arabic vowels based on standard generative theory.
This research is literature research. Primary data sources were obtained by al-Našr fi al-Qirā'at al-Islāmiyyah, and several verses of the Qur'an for comparison. Secondary data sources are literature, both in the form of books, journals, and research results related to phonology. Data collection is carried out by documentation techniques, listening, and recording. Data analysis techniques use open coding, then analyzed descriptively using grounded theory.
This study informs about the rule that the variety of vowel punctuation on some verbs in the Qur'an will change according to the readings attributed to the ten Qira'at. The Vowel sign emphasizes the reading of dammah/kasrah). The emphasis mark on nouns requires the insertion of dammah while on verbs and insertion of kasrah. The round distinguishing mark (sifr) is important in turning kasrah into dammah. Both Kasrah and dammah have the property of 'Al, but some of them are distinguished by round marks on dammah and square marks on kasrah. The Vowel sign for classical scholars indicates that the kasrah from the letter "waw" in the verb "qul" moved to the letter "qaf" after hadzf dammah, then "waw" changed to "ya" to correspond to the kasrah in front of it. Modern linguists believe that the dammah of the letter "qaf" can be changed to Kasrah and then "waw" removed, so that the existence of the two kasrahs is merged and becomes a long shaddah
The differences and changes in vowels in phonetics cannot be separated from the debate that exists between classical and modern scholars. This indicates that the problem of qira'at is closely related to diacritical marks that are icons of producing sounds with various characters. This research has implications that having to study Qur'anic verses from a Vowel aspect will require us to see how scholars used to read so that the sounds produced are not only one variant but have a variety of very detailed and interesting reasons to be studied based on modern linguistic theory.
Vowel; linguistic interpretation; recitation, Qira’at Ten
BERAGAMA BAHAGIA UNTUK PERDAMAIAN
Authors: Ismail Roni 
Published: May 2024

Abstrak
Secara idealitas-normatif, semua agama memuat ajaran damai sehingga berwajah “ramah”. Akan tetapi, secara realitas-historis seringkali agama menampilkan wajah “marah” dijadikan alat permusuhan, kebencian, konflik kekerasan, bahkan perang. Cassanova menyebut ini sebagai janus face atau wajah ganda agama. Para agamawan, praktisi dan akademiki telah melakukan berbagai upaya untuk mengembalikan agama pada idealitasnya sebagai pejuang kedamain, persaudaraan, persatuan, dan kemanusiaan. Ada yang menggagas beragama damai, inklusif, pluralis, dialogis, nusantara, berkemajuan, dan lain-lain. Artikel ini menawarkan beragama bahagia melalui pendekatan psikologi agama sebagai keikutsertaan dalam diskusi fungsi beragama untuk perdamaian, melalui kajian atas teori beragama matang dari William James. Empat kriteria beragama matang James, yaitu: (1) merasakan selalu kehadiran Tuhan dalam hidup, (2) kehadiran-Nya memunculkan kepasrahan kepada Tuhan dan nilai-nilai-Nya, (3) kepasrahan diri memunculkan kebahagiaan, kebebasan, dan hilang ego, dan, (4) mengubah emosi menjadi cinta dan harmoni, merupakan indikator kebahagiaan keagamaan. Orang beragama bahagia tidak mungkin menyakiti, membenci, terlibat permusuhan dan konflik kekerasan atas nama agama, tetapi justru mampu menebar kebahagiaan dan perdamaian kepada sesama. Orang beragama bahagia mampu membangun perdamaian, yaitu: menjaga sakralitas kehidupan dan menjunjung ideal kebahagiaan hidup.
Kata Kunci: Beragama Bahagia, Beragama Matang William James, Perdamaian.

Abstract
In the ideal or normative terms, all religions teach the tenet of peace, so that they express a "friendly" face. However, in historical reality, religion often displays an "angry" face and is used as a tool for hostility, hatred, violent conflict, and even war. Cassanova calls this the Janus face or double face of religion. Religious scholars, practitioners and academics have made various efforts to return religion to its ideal face as a power of peace, brotherhood, unity and humanity. Some propose a peaceful, inclusive, pluralist, dialogical, archipelagic, progressive religiosity, and so on. This article offers a happy religion or religiosity through a psychology of religion approach as participation in discussions of religion for peace, through a study of William James' mature religious theory. James' four mature religious criteria are: (1) always feeling God's presence in life, (2) His presence gives rise to surrender to God and His values, (3) self-surrender gives rise to happiness, freedom and loss of ego, and , (4) changing emotions into love and harmony, are indicators of religious happiness. Happy religiousity are unlikely to hurt, hate, get involved in hostility and violent conflict in the name of religion, but are instead able to spread happiness and peace to others. Happy religiosity are able to build peace, namely: maintaining the sacredness of life and upholding the ideal of life's happiness.

Keywords: Happy Religiosity, Mature Religion William James, Peace.
Subprime Impact Crisis. Bibliotheken, Politik und digitale Souveränität
Authors: Siems Renke 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
In nahezu allen Etappen des Forschungszyklus ist eine zunehmende Abhängigkeit von wenigen kommerziellen Anbietern zu sehen, wobei diese Anbieter teils direkt begrenzen, was der Forschung an Arbeitsmöglichkeiten und Fragestellungen erreichbar ist. Hierauf reagieren Politik, Förderer und Governance mit dem Versuch, digitale Souveränität zu stärken. In den konkreten Maßnahmen treffen sie sich dabei mit Konzepten von Open Science, die ebenfalls wissenschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Relevanz bei Sicherung der Wissenschaftsautonomie und Wahlfreiheit zu verbinden suchen. Als zentraler Punkt erweist sich eine Veränderung der Renommeestrukturen, die sich direkt auf die infrastrukturellen Anforderungen wie dem aufgeschwemmten und fehlgeleiteten Publikationswesen auswirkt. Eine Stärkung von Open Science und der digitalen Souveränität in den wissenschaftlichen Infrastrukturen ermöglicht dabei auch verbesserte gesellschaftliche Verpflichtung von Wissenschaft und dadurch, den Einfluss der „Merchants of Doubt“ und der von ihnen betriebenen Wissenschaftsskepsis zurückzudrängen. Dies erfordert auch entsprechende Anstrengungen seitens der Bibliotheken.
A cross-cultural analysis of the gestural pattern of surprise and surprise-disapproval questions
Authors: Giorgi Alessandra , Petrocchi Erika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this article, we address the issue concerning the gestural patterns in expressing surprise and disapproval across various languages and cultures. The results obtained so far point to an interesting, and in a sense rather surprising, uniformity. We consider two types of special questions: counter-expectational questions expressing surprise and surprise-disapproval questions, i.e., sentences expressing surprise with a negative orientation, and adopt an experimental design involving sentence repetition and spontaneous production. We focus on the realization of these sentences in Vietnamese, Korean and Japanese, which we compare with the results previously obtained for Italian and replicated for Neapolitan, Spanish and German. Our research is based on the Minimalist theoretical framework developed by Chomsky and scholars in the tradition of generative grammar.
A contextual theory of fictional names
Authors: Fiorin Gaetano , Delfitto Denis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe review some of the most prominent challenges in the semantics and pragmatics of fictional names and propose a pragmatic theory of fictional names whereby understanding a fictional name requires imagining possible contexts of interpretation of the name. Similarly to other pragmatic approaches to fiction and fictional contexts, we maintain that fictional texts require that the interpreter engages in a game of pretense of sort and are, therefore, prescriptions to imagine a state of affairs that is not the real one. In contrast to these approaches, however, we propose that interpreting a fictional text does not require imagining a set of possible state of affairs where the text would be true but, rather, requires imagining a set of possible contexts where the text would be meaningful. In order to apply this framework to fictional names, we adopt a contextual theory of proper names, which we have proposed and defended in previous work.
When cancellation becomes unreasonable
Authors: Macagno Fabrizio , Graci Roberto 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cancellability – one of the most important tests for implicatures – has been attacked from different perspectives, and its reliability challenged by several cases and examples in which conversational implicatures seem to be hard or even impossible to cancel. To account for these phenomena, distinct approaches have been advanced aimed at weakening Grice’s cancellability test. However, what do we exactly mean when we claim that an implicature cannot be cancelled? Grice pointed out that implicatures are triggered by a possible conflict with the cooperativeness principle, and for this reason it is always possible to opt out of the observation thereof. This theoretical possibility needs to be distinguished from the practical problem of explaining why some implicatures are intuitively less cancellable than others, or even not cancellable. To address this latter – practical – dimension of cancellability, the reasoning and the presumptive premises involved in drawing an implicature and justifying its cancellation needs to be represented and evaluated. This approach will be shown to provide a possible instrument for evaluating the reasonableness of cancellability and its costs.
The Poetics and Politics of We-Narration on the Contemporary British Stage
Authors: Birke Dorothee , Hauthal Janine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We-narratives are proliferating in the contemporary novel. Constructing a collective subject that cannot be reduced to a singular individual who speaks for the group, they have been hailed by narratologists as remarkable fictional possibilities. This article registers a similar increase of plural narration in contemporary drama and explores how an analysis of the phenomenon’s linguistic dimension can be combined with a consideration of these plays’ orientation towards performance. Drawing on British examples, we chart an intriguing variety of we-narratives and argue that the political potential of these forms of community building lies in their turn away from mimesis and dramatic realism. Rather than merely representing a collective entity on stage, they also forge one in and through performance and frequently unsettle the conventional identification of one voice with one body. Thus, contemporary uses of “we” model the relationship between stage and auditorium in ways that assert, but also interrogate, the potential for community building in the shared space of the theatre.
The Multi-discourse Fight of COVID-19 Vaccine in the World of Digital Platforms: Rethinking Popularity of Anti-intellectualism
Authors: Jidong Li , Ditlhokwa Gopolang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study explored how government institutions used digital platforms to enhance knowledge and share scientific information regarding the development and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines by drawing samples from official Twitter accounts in five different countries that were front-runners in vaccine manufacturing. Through content analysis, we selected a total of 243 tweets with 4,678 comments from the five Twitter accounts, and data were categorized into two sets for analysis, the first stage being to assign sentiment scores to all the collected comments from tweets to determine their positivity, negativity, and neutrality. Secondly, we analyzed themes derived from comments and established through the themes that geopolitics has exacerbated the anti-intellectualist logic of viewing science as impractical for the control and prevention of the pandemic leading to the domination of irrational thinking towards vaccine efficacy, the origin of COVID-19, and the undermining of the global health governance on COVID-19 control and management.
A comparison study of artificial intelligence performance against physicians in benign–malignant classification of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Hu Weiguo , Zhang Jie , Zhou Dingyi , Xia Shu , Pu Xingxiang , Cao Jianzhong , Zou Mingzhu , Mao Zhangfan , Song Qibin , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare and evaluate the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) against physicians in classifying benign and malignant pulmonary nodules from computerized tomography (CT) images.

Methods
A total of 506 CT images with pulmonary nodules were retrospectively collected. The AI was trained using in-house software. For comparing the diagnostic performance of artificial intelligence and different groups of physicians in pulmonary nodules, statistical methods of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were analyzed. The nodules in CT images were analyzed in a case-by-case manner.

Results
The diagnostic accuracy of AI surpassed that of all groups of physicians, exhibiting an AUC of 0.88 alongside a sensitivity of 0.80, specificity of 0.84, and accuracy of 0.83. The area under the curve (AUC) of seven groups of physicians varies between 0.63 and 0.84. The sensitivity of the physicians within these groups varies between 0.4 and 0.76. The specificity of different groups ranges from 0.8 to 0.85. Furthermore, the accuracy of the seven groups ranges from 0.7 to 0.82. The professional insights for enhancing deep learning models were obtained through an examination conducted on a per-case basis.

Conclusions
AI demonstrated great potential in the benign–malignant classification of pulmonary nodules with higher accuracy. More accurate information will be provided by AI when making clinical decisions.
Kinetic evaluation of the uranyl peroxide synthetic route on morphology
Authors: Abbott Erik C. , Gibb Logan D. , Nizinski Cody A. , Allen Elijah W. , O’Connor Hiram E. E. , McDonald IV Luther W. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
An important challenge in utilizing particle morphology in nuclear forensic or fuel fabrication applications is understanding why differences in morphologies are observed following varying processing conditions. This is often due to competition and interplay between thermodynamic and kinetic influences. To that end, some of the kinetic influences in the uranyl peroxide precipitation reaction were evaluated and compared to thermodynamic influences studied previously. Metastudtite (UO2O2·2H2O) was synthesized from solutions of uranyl nitrate or chloride, and the reaction time was varied from 100 s to 230 min enabling an evaluation of kinetic and thermodynamic influences. The metastudtite was then calcined to U3O8, and all materials were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis by p-XRD confirmed the sample purity of metastudtite and U3O8. SEM images were analyzed using the Morphological Analysis for Materials (MAMA) software to measure the size and shape of the nanoparticles for a statistical comparison between materials. Metastudtite produced at shorter reaction times exhibited a kinetically controlled shape by forming smaller and rounder particles than metastudtite produced at longer reaction times. Metastudtite produced at the longer reaction times exhibited differences between the uranyl nitrate and uranyl chloride routes with the nitrate exhibiting a more angular and faceted morphology than the chloride. Overall, the control of the supersaturation ratio (S) played a significant role in determining the morphology of the metastudtite. Morphological differences between the U3O8 confirmed the role of nanoparticle agglomeration in forming larger sintered particles. The results help demonstrate the importance of understanding particle formation mechanisms in the long-term development of morphology in nuclear forensics or in developing advanced fuels with specific characteristics.
Medical Complexity, Language Use, and Outcomes in the Pediatric ICU
Authors: Pilarz Mary S. , Bleed Elizabeth , Rodriguez Victoria A. , Daniels Latasha A. , Jackson Kathryn L. , Sanchez-Pinto L. Nelson , Foster Carolyn C. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVES
To determine whether use of a language other than English (LOE) would be associated with medical complexity, and whether medical complexity and LOE together would be associated with worse clinical outcomes.

METHODS
The primary outcome of this single-site retrospective cohort study of PICU encounters from September 1, 2017, through August 31, 2022 was an association between LOE and medical complexity. Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed between demographic factors and medical complexity, both for unique patients and for all encounters. We investigated outcomes of initial illness severity (using Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction-2), length of stay (LOS), days without mechanical ventilation or organ dysfunction using a mixed effects regression model, controlling for age, sex, race and ethnicity, and insurance status.

RESULTS
There were 6802 patients and 10 011 encounters. In multivariable analysis for all encounters, Spanish use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11–1.49) and language other than English or Spanish (LOES) (aOR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.02–1.80) were associated with medical complexity. Among unique patients, there remained an association between use of Spanish and medical complexity in multivariable analysis (aOR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.05–1.52) but not between LOES and medical complexity (aOR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.92–1.83). Children with medical complexity (CMC) who used an LOES had fewer organ dysfunction-free days (P = .003), PICU LOS was 1.53 times longer (P = .01), and hospital LOS was 1.45 times longer (P = .01) compared with CMC who used English.

CONCLUSIONS
Use of an LOE was independently associated with medical complexity. CMC who used an LOES had a longer LOS.