bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TWO UNNOTICED GENERIC NAMES IN THE SPHECOID WASPS, WITH NOTES ON OTHERS (HYMENOPTERA, ACULEATA)
Authors: Pate V. S. L. 
Published: January 2010

Two hitherto unnoticed generic names in the sphecoid wasps have recently come to my attention. Although the first, Dryphus, is clearly a synonym, as may also the second, Stercobata, be, nevertheless, since both will preoccupy any future usage of these names far valid generic entities, they are noted here in order that they may eventually find their way into the proper universal lists of generic names of animals.Notes on several previously known generic or subgeneric names are appended at the end.
THREE NEW WESTERN DOLICHOPODIDAE
Authors: Harmston F. C. , Knowlton G. F. 
Published: January 2010

Three species of flies are here described as new. The material was collected in Utah, Idaho, and Colorado, with one specimen from South Dakota.Argyra condomina n. sp.Male. Length, 3.8 mm.; length of wing, 3.5 mm. Face silvery pollinose, short. leaving the lower corners of eyes sharply exposed, considerably narrowed on lower portion. Front and occiput heavily dusted with gray pollen.
ADDITIONAL NOTES ON COLEOPTERA TAKEN IN ESSEX COUNTY, ONTARIO
Authors: Hicks S. D. 
Published: January 2010

The species of Coleoptera listed below have been collected since the publication of a previous list (1944, Canad. Ent., 76:163) of Essex County material.Mr. W. J. Brown, Division of Entomology, Ottawa, has once more obliged by identifying most of the specimens. Identification of the Oberea and Tetraopes species was made by Mr. W. S. Fisher of the United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, B. C.
STUDIES ON PARASITES OF THE SPRUCE BUDWORM, ARCHIPS FUMIFERANA (Clem.): 2. Life History of Glypta fumiferanae (Viereck) (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)
Authors: Brown N. R. 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTAll stages of the spruce budworm parasite Glypta fumiferanae (Viereck) are described in this paper. Illustrations of all stages are presented.
AN ANNOTATED LIST OF THE WASPS OF ALBERTA
Authors: Strickland E. H. 
Published: January 2010

As a group, the wasps which inhabit the North American continent have not attracted very widespread interest, despite the excellent accounts of the habits of various species which have been published by such careful observers as the Raus, the Peckhams and other writers.This, possibly, is due to the fact that relatively few of the numerous species appear to have a very direct relationship with insects that are consided to be of great economic importance. Exceptions to this general rule are found in such genera as Podalonia (Ammophila) and Sphex, which are conspicuous in their activities while hunting for cutworms and in, subsequently, dragging them to their subterranean nests.
THE NUMBER OF GASTRIC CAECA IN SOME LARVAL SCARABAEOIDEA
Authors: Rapp William F. 
Published: January 2010

During an examination of the internal anatomy of several specimens of scarabaeid larvae it was found that the gastric caeca varied in number and shape with the species being examined.Anatomically, gastric caeca are blind pounches varying in number and length and may occur on different parts of the ventriculus. Most commonly they occur at the anterior end surrounding the stomodaeal valve.
NOTES ON THE MENOPONIDAE OF NORTH AMERICA. II.
Authors: Emerson K. C. 
Published: January 2010

Machaerilaemus Harrison: Parasitology, VII, p. 389 (1915).Machaerilaemus Harrison: Harrison, Parasitology, IX, p. 60 (1916)Hirundoecus Ewing: Proc. U. S. N. M., LXXVII, Art. 20, p. 12 (1931).Machaerilaemus Harrison: Bedford, 18th Rept. Dir. Vet. Serv. and Anim. Ind. Un. S. Africa, p. 377 (1932).Hirundoecus Ewing: Bedford, ibid, p. 380.
CAN ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY BE AN EXACT SCIENCE?
Authors: Thompson W. R. 
Published: January 2010

Whether Economic Entomology can be an exact science is, I think, a question in which we should all be interested. I propose therefore to examine it with the care that it deserves though I will try to make the discussion as brief as possible.Broadlly speaking, the sciences can be divided into two classes: the speculative sciences, whose object is simply the discovery of truth: new facts or new laws; and the practical sciences, whose objest is the production of facts: causing something new to happen.
New North American Larvaevorine Flies (Diptera, Larvaevoridae)
Authors: Brooks A. R. 
Published: January 2010

During the course of revisional studies of the tribe Larvaevorini, a number of undescribed species were received from outside sources. Rather than delay the return of specimens, and on the chance that the final revision will not be published for some time, the descriptions of these new forms are given below.Juriniopsis aurifrons new speciesUntil the present only one species of Juriniopsis, adusta Wulp. (floridensis Tns.) has been recognized from the United States. The new species, which ranges in Arizona, New Mexico and Utah differs from adusta Wulp. in the following characters: female front tarsus slender (widened and flattened in adusta); male vertex 0.35 head width (0.27 head width in adusta); parafrontals subshining yellowish with yellowish or brownish-yellow pollen (subshining bluish-grey with greyish or yellowish-grey pollen in adusta), and in the structure of the genitalia.
On the American Species of Lyperopherus Mots. (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Authors: Brown W. J. 
Published: January 2010

The following notes are based on the material in the Canadian National Collection and in the collections of the United States National Museum, the Museum of Comparative Zoology, and the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences.In all of the three American species of Lyperopherus, the flattened side margins of the pronotum are gradually widened posteriorly to include the outer of the basal impressions. All are flightless and have the elytra widest slightly behind the middle.
Inseets Attacking Cordia macrostdchya (Jacq.) Roem. and Schult in the West Indies
Authors: Simmonds F. J. 
Published: January 2010

This is the second of a series of papers dealing with the life-histories of a number of insects attacking the black sage, Cordia macrostachya, in the West Indies, where search is being made for suitable species to use in an attempt at the biological control of the weed in Mauritius (Simmonds 1949).Schematiza, like Physonota alutacea, is a leaf-eating beetle, sometimes occurring in relatively large numbers on Cordia. It is very heavily parasitized in Trinidad, and as it appeared to be very suitable for introduction into Mauritius it was investigated in detail, both in the field and in the laboratory.
Description of Simulium euryadminiculum, a new species of blackfly (Simuliidae: Diptera)
Authors: Davies D. M. 
Published: January 2010

In material collected from Costello creek in Algonquin Park, Ontario, 1,549 males, 598 females and 2 pupae of a new species of blackfly were encountered. This species was present in marerial which was collected daily during the spring and summer of the years 1938-1943 using a cubic yard screen cage placed over the stream.This species began to emerge between May 7 and 23 in most years, but the total number of flies was smaller when emergence began by May 10 than when it began on May 17 or later. The only exception to this occurred in 1938 when emergence began earlier and continued over a much longer period than usual. The main portion of the emergence ended between May 10 and 29 although occasional flies emerged as late as June 18. None of the new species was collected in 1942. Association of males and females of the new species was possible as both sexes emerged during the same period and as other species, emerging at the same time, were readily identified in both sexes.
A fluorescence study on swelling of hydrogels (PAAm) at various cross‐linker contents
Authors: Aktaş Demet Kaya , Evingür Gülşen Akin , Pekcan Önder 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDisk‐shaped acrylamide (AAm) gels were prepared from AAm with various N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide (Bis) contents as cross‐linker in the presence of ammonium persulfate as an initiator by free‐radical cross‐linking copolymerization in water. Polyacrylamide (PAAm) gels were dried before using for swelling experiments. Steady‐state fluorescence spectrometer was employed during the swelling of PAAm hydrogels in water. Pyranine was introduced as a fluorescence probe. Fluorescence intensity of pyranine from various Bis content gel samples was measured during in situ swelling process. It was observed that fluorescence intensity decreased as swelling has proceeded. Gravimetric and volumetric experiments were also performed. The Li–Tanaka equation was used to determine the swelling time constants, τc, and cooperative diffusion coefficients, Dc, from intensity, weight, and volume variations during the swelling processes. It was observed that swelling time constants, τc, increased and diffusion coefficients, Dc, decreased as the cross‐linker content was increased. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 28:215–223, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20163
Electrical and thermal properties of nylon 6/calcium carbonate composites
Authors: Moussa M. A. , Ghoneim A. M. , Hakim A. A. Abdel , Turky G. M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSeveral polymer composites formed from nylon 6/CaCO3 with different ratios and particle sizes were prepared using modified and unmodified CaCO3 as inorganic filler. The modification of CaCO3 surfaces was carried out by adsorption of oleic acid from toluene. TGA and DSC measurements show that the glass transition temperatures reduced by the presence of inorganic filler, whereas the melting temperature did not influenced. In all prepared polymer composites, the presence of filler accelerates the degradation process of the polymer. Dielectric properties of the investigated samples were studied in the frequency range from 45 Hz to 1 MHz and at temperatures ranging between 50 and 200°C. The presence of CaCO3 led to a remarkable decrease in the conductivity of nylon 6. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Adv Polym Techn 28:257–266, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/adv.20165
Measurement based modeling and control of bimodal particle size distribution in batch emulsion polymerization
Authors: Alamir Mazen , Sheibat‐Othman Nida , Othman Sami 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn this article, a novel modeling approach is proposed for bimodal Particle Size Distribution (PSD) control in batch emulsion polymerization. The modeling approach is based on a behavioral model structure that captures the dynamics of PSD. The parameters of the resulting model can be easily identified using a limited number of experiments. The resulting model can then be incorporated in a simple learning scheme to produce a desired bimodal PSD while compensating for model mismatch and/or physical parameters variations using very simple updating rules. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Lipase covalently attached to multiwalled carbon nanotubes as an efficient catalyst in organic solvent
Authors: Ji Peijun , Tan Huishan , Xu Xin , Feng Wei 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLipase was covalently attached to multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs). Structural changes of the lipase upon attachment onto MWNTs were analyzed through circular dichroism and FTIR spectroscopy. The conjugate was utilized for the resolution of a model compound (R,S)‐1‐phenyl ethanol, and the reaction medium was n‐heptane. The enzymatic resolutions were carried out at temperatures from 35 to 60°C. The results show that the lipase attached onto MWNTs has significantly affected the performance of the enzyme in terms of temperature dependence and resolution efficiency. The activity of MWNT–lipase was less temperature‐dependent compared with that of the native lipase. The resolution efficiency was much improved with MWNT–lipase. MWNT–lipase retained the selectivity of the native lipase for (R)‐1‐phenyl ethanol. The consecutive use of MWNT–lipase showed that MWNT–lipase had a good stability in the resolution of (R,S)‐1‐phenyl ethanol. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Particle size monitoring in dense suspension using ultrasound with an improved model accounting for low‐angle scattering
Authors: Shukla A. , Prakash A. , Rohani S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe inherent ability of ultrasonic wave to propagate in dense and opaque suspensions makes it a desirable method for online measurement of particle size distribution in industrial operations. The ability of ultrasonic attenuation spectroscopy to determine particle size distribution has been extended to dense suspensions of particles lying predominantly in the intermediate wave propagation regime at the measurement frequencies. This was achieved by accounting for the effect of detector size and shift in the frequency spectrum under dense conditions in the theoretical model and deconvolution algorithm, respectively. The proposed modifications enable the application of this technique in various industrial processes requiring in situ and real‐time measurement of particle size distribution such as crystallization, mineral processing and food processing. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Terminal settling velocity and drag coefficient of biofilm‐coated particles at high Reynolds numbers
Authors: Andalib Mehran , Zhu Jesse , Nakhla George 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe drag force (Fd) on bio‐coated particles taken from two laboratory‐scale liquid–solid circulating fluidized bed bioreactors (LSCFBBR) was studied. The terminal velocities (ut) and Reynolds numbers (Ret) of particles observed were higher than reported in the literature. Literature equations for determining ut were found inadequate to predict drag coefficient (Cd) in Ret > 130. A new equation for determining Fd as an explicit function of terminal settling velocity was generated based on Archimedes numbers (Ar) of the biofilm‐coated particle. The proposed equation adequately predicted the terminal settling velocity of other literature data at lower Ret of less than 130, with an accuracy >85%. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Hematological predictors of increased severe anemia in Kenyan children coinfected with Plasmodium falciparum and HIV‐1
Authors: Davenport Gregory C. , Ouma Collins , Hittner James B. , Were Tom , Ouma Yamo , Ong'echa John M. , Perkins Douglas J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMalaria and HIV‐1 are coendemic in many developing countries, with anemia being the most common pediatric hematological manifestation of each disease. Anemia is also one of the primary causes of mortality in children monoinfected with either malaria or HIV‐1. Although our previous results showed HIV‐1(+) children with acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria [Pf(+)] have more profound anemia, potential causes of severe anemia in coinfected children remain unknown. As such, children with P. falciparum malaria (aged 3–36 months, n = 542) from a holoendemic malaria transmission area of western Kenya were stratified into three groups: HIV‐1 negative [HIV‐1(−)/Pf(+)]; HIV‐1 exposed [HIV‐1(exp)/Pf(+)]; and HIV‐1 infected [HIV‐1(+)/Pf(+)]. Comprehensive clinical, parasitological, and hematological measures were determined upon enrollment. Univariate, correlational, and hierarchical regression analyses were used to determine differences among the groups and to define predictors of worsening anemia. HIV‐1(+)/Pf(+) children had significantly more malarial pigment‐containing neutrophils (PCN), monocytosis, increased severe anemia (Hb < 6.0 g/dL), and nearly 10‐fold greater mortality within 3 months of enrollment. Common causes of anemia in malaria‐infected children, such as increased parasitemia or reduced erythropoiesis, did not account for worsening anemia in the HIV‐1(+)/Pf(+) group nor did carriage of sickle cell trait or G6PD deficiency. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis revealed that more profound anemia was associated with elevated PCM, younger age, and increasing HIV‐1 status ([HIV‐1(−) → HIV‐1(exp) → HIV‐1(+)]. Thus, malaria/HIV‐1 coinfection is characterized by more profound anemia and increased mortality, with acquisition of monocytic pigment having the most detrimental impact on Hb levels. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Craniodental mechanics and diet in Asian colobines: Morphological evidence of mature seed predation and sclerocarpy
Authors: Koyabu Daisuke B. , Endo Hideki 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFolivory has been accepted as the general dietary pattern for colobines. However, recent ecological studies have revealed that extensive seed eating is found in some colobine species. The ripeness of foraged seeds is also reported to differ between seed eaters. As seeds are generally stress‐limited and may pose greater mechanical demands, seed‐eating species are predicted to exhibit morphological features adaptive for seed predation. In addition, species that feeds on seeds from unripe fruits with hard pericarp is predicted to exhibit increased leverage for anterior dentition. To test these hypotheses, we compared the craniodental morphology of seed‐eating Asian colobines (Presbytis rubicunda and Trachypithecus phayrei) with those of species that rarely exploit seeds (Presbytis comata, Trachypithecus obscurus, and Semnopithecus vetulus). The results show that the seed‐eating colobines possess a masticatory system with enhanced leverage at postcanine bite points. The sclerocarpic forager P. rubicunda also exhibits markedly greater masticatory leverage at anterior dental bite points, while the mature‐seed‐eating T. phayrei shows no such advantage for canine and incisor use. These observations suggest that P. rubicunda is well adapted to husking the resistant pericarps of unripe fruits, using the anterior dentition and to gain access to the immature seeds, whereas such sclerocarpic feeding behavior may be less important for T. phayrei. Our findings indicate that the distinctive craniodental variations of colobines may be linked to mature and/or immature seed eating and suggest the significance of seed predation for the evolution of colobine monkeys. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Bayesian analysis of the temporal change of local density of proboscis monkeys: Implications for environmental effects on a multilevel society
Authors: Matsuda Ikki , Kubo Takuya , Tuuga Augustine , Higashi Seigo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractTo understand the effects of environmental factors on a social system with multilevel society in proboscis monkey units, the temporal change of the local density of sleeping sites of monkeys was investigated along the Menanggul river from May 2005 to 2006 in Malaysia. Proboscis monkeys typically return to riverside trees for night sleeping. The sleeping site locations of a one‐male unit (BE‐unit) were recorded and the locations of other one‐male and all‐male units within 500 m of the BE‐unit were verified. In addition, environmental factors (food availability, the water level of the river, and the river width) and copulation frequency of BE‐unit were recorded. From the analyses of the distance from the BE‐unit to the nearest neighbor unit, no spatial clumping of the sleeping sites of monkey units on a smaller scale was detected. The results of a Bayesian analysis suggest that the conditional local density around the BE‐unit can be predicted by the spatial heterogeneity along the river and by the temporal change of food availability, that is, the local density of monkey units might increase due to better sleeping sites with regard to predator attacks and clumped food sources; proboscis monkeys might not exhibit high‐level social organization previously reported. In addition, this study shows the importance of data analysis that considers the effects of temporal autocorrelation, because the daily measurements of longitudinal data on monkeys are not independent of each other. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A western Eurasian male is found in 2000‐year‐old elite Xiongnu cemetery in Northeast Mongolia
Authors: Kim Kijeong , Brenner Charles H. , Mair Victor H. , Lee Kwang‐Ho , Kim Jae‐Hyun , Gelegdorj Eregzen , Batbold Natsag , Song Yi‐Chung , Yun Hyeung‐Won , Chang Eun‐Jeong , Lkhagvasuren Gavaachimed , Bazarragchaa Munkhtsetseg , Park Ae‐Ja , Lim Inja , Hong Yun‐Pyo , Kim Wonyong , Chung Sang‐In , Kim Dae‐Jin , Chung Yoon‐Hee , Kim Sung‐Su , Lee Won‐Bok , Kim Kyung‐Yong 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe analyzed mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), Y‐chromosome single nucleotide polymorphisms (Y‐SNP), and autosomal short tandem repeats (STR) of three skeletons found in a 2,000‐year‐old Xiongnu elite cemetery in Duurlig Nars of Northeast Mongolia. This study is one of the first reports of the detailed genetic analysis of ancient human remains using the three types of genetic markers. The DNA analyses revealed that one subject was an ancient male skeleton with maternal U2e1 and paternal R1a1 haplogroups. This is the first genetic evidence that a male of distinctive Indo‐European lineages (R1a1) was present in the Xiongnu of Mongolia. This might indicate an Indo‐European migration into Northeast Asia 2,000 years ago. Other specimens are a female with mtDNA haplogroup D4 and a male with Y‐SNP haplogroup C3 and mtDNA haplogroup D4. Those haplogroups are common in Northeast Asia. There was no close kinship among them. The genetic evidence of U2e1 and R1a1 may help to clarify the migration patterns of Indo‐Europeans and ancient East‐West contacts of the Xiongnu Empire. Artifacts in the tombs suggested that the Xiongnu had a system of the social stratification. The West Eurasian male might show the racial tolerance of the Xiongnu Empire and some insight into the Xiongnu society. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brief communication: Allelic and haplotypic structure at the DRD2 locus among five North Indian caste populations
Authors: Saraswathy Kallur N. , Meitei S. Yaiphaba , Gupta Vipin , Murry Benrithung , Sachdeva Mohinder P. , Ghosh Pradeep K. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) gene, with its known human‐specific derived alleles that can facilitate haplotype reconstruction, presents an important locus for anthropological studies. The three sites (TaqIA, TaqIB, and TaqID) of the DRD2 gene are widely studied in various world populations. However, no work has been previously published on DRD2 gene polymorphisms among North Indian populations. Thus, the present study attempts to understand the genetic structure of North Indian upper caste populations using the allele and haplotype frequencies and distribution patterns of the three TaqI sites of the DRD2 gene. Two hundred forty‐six blood samples were collected from five upper caste populations of Himachal Pradesh (Brahmin, Rajput and Jat) and Delhi (Aggarwal and Sindhi), and analysis was performed using standard protocols. All three sites were found to be polymorphic in all five of the studied populations. Uniform allele frequency distribution patterns, low heterozygosity values, the sharing of five common haplotypes, and the absence of two of the eight possible haplotypes observed in this study suggest a genetic proximity among the selected populations. The results also indicate a major genetic contribution from Eurasia to North Indian upper castes, apart from the common genetic unity of Indian populations. The study also demonstrates a greater genetic inflow among North Indian caste populations than is observed among South Indian caste and tribal populations. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.