bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retinoic acid receptor alpha inhibits ferroptosis by promoting thioredoxin and protein phosphatase 1F in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Bian Yunyi , Shan Guangyao , Liang Jiaqi , Hu Zhengyang , Sui Qihai , Shi Haochun , Wang Qun , Bi Guoshu , Zhan Cheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFerroptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that plays an important role in tumor growth and holds promise as a target for antitumor therapy. However, evidence in the regulation of ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains elusive. Here, we show that retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) is upregulated with the treatment of ferroptosis inducers (FINs). Pharmacological activation of RARA increases the resistance of LUAD to ferroptosis according to cell viability and lipid peroxidation assays, while RARA inhibitor or knockdown (KD) does the opposite. Through transcriptome sequencing in RARA-KD cells and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP)-Seq data, we identify thioredoxin (TXN) and protein phosphatase 1 F (PPM1F) as downstream targets of RARA, both of which inhibit ferroptosis. We confirm that RARA binds to the promotor region of TXN and PPM1F and promotes their transcription by CHIP-qPCR and dual-luciferase assays. Overexpression of TXN and PPM1F reverses the effects of RARA knockdown on ferroptosis in vitro and vivo. Clinically, RARA knockdown or inhibitor increases cells’ sensitivity to pemetrexed and cisplatin (CDDP). Immunohistochemistry (IHC) of LUAD from our cohort shows the same expression tendency of RARA and the downstream targets. Our study uncovers that RARA inhibits ferroptosis in LUAD by promoting TXN and PPM1F, and inhibiting RARA-TXN/PPM1F axis represents a promising strategy for improving the efficacy of FINs or chemotherapy in the treatment of LUAD patients.
Deep inflow transport and dispersion in the Gulf of St. Lawrence revealed by a tracer release experiment
Authors: Stevens Samuel W. , Pawlowicz Rich , Tanhua Toste , Gerke Lennart , Nesbitt William A. , Drozdowski Adam , Chassé Joël , Wallace Douglas W. R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Gulf of St. Lawrence is increasingly affected by bottom water hypoxia; however, the timescales and pathways of deep water transport remain unclear. Here, we present results from the Deep Tracer Release eXperiment (TReX Deep), during which an inert SF5CF3 tracer was released inshore of Cabot Strait at 279 m depth to investigate deep inflow transport and mixing rates. Dispersion was also assessed via neutrally-buoyant Swish floats. Our findings indicate that the tracer moves inland at 0.5 cm s−1, with an effective lateral diffusivity of 2 × 102 m2 s−1 over 1 year. Simplified 1D simulations suggest inflow water should reach the estuary head in 1.7 years, with the bulk arriving after 4.7 years. Basin-wide effective vertical diffusivity is around 10−5 m2 s−1 over 1 year; however, vertical diffusivity increases near the basin slopes, suggesting that turbulent boundary processes influence mixing. These results are compared to Lagrangian simulations in a regional 3D model to evaluate the capacity to model dispersion in the Gulf.
Ecological restoration is crucial in mitigating carbon loss caused by permafrost thawing on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Huang Binbin , Lu Fei , Wang Xiaoke , Zheng Hua , Wu Xing , Zhang Lu , Yuan Yafei , Ouyang Zhiyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimate change leads to permafrost thawing, accelerating carbon emissions increases, challenges the goal of climate change mitigation. However, it remains unknown whether implementing ecological restoration projects in Alpine areas can offset the adverse effects of permafrost thawing locally. Here we took the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau as an example to explore this issue based on the improved Biome-BGCMuSo model. We found future climate change-induced permafrost thawing will decrease carbon sink. Projects’ carbon sink enhancement could fully counteract the permafrost thawing-induced carbon loss. Additionally, future warmer and wetter climates will enlarge the suitable area for restoration. If these areas are taken into account, carbon sink attributable to Projects will further increase. These results indicate that ERPs have the potential to combat future permafrost thawing-induced carbon loss, and their contribution will be further amplified by future climate change.
Real-world effectiveness of CDK 4/6 inhibitors in estrogen-positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Gehrchen Mathilde Louise , Berg Tobias , Garly Rasmus , Jensen Maj-Britt , Eßer-Naumann Saskia , Rønlev Jeanette Dupont , Nielsen Hanne Melgaard , Knoop Ann , Kümler Iben 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Initial treatment for advanced ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer involves a CDK 4/6 inhibitor (CDK 4/6i). Recent overall survival (OS) analyses led the Danish Medical Council to exclude palbociclib as preferred option. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of abemaciclib, palbociclib, and ribociclib in a Danish context. Additionally, to compare the inhibitors to identify potential endpoint differences.

Material and methods
Patients undergoing first or second line CDK 4/6i treatments from January 1st, 2017, until December 31st, 2021 were included. The primary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS).

Results
Among 2069 Danish patients, 1554 received first line treatment, 515 received second line treatment. In first line, abemaciclib’s median PFS was unreached; palbociclib had a median PFS of 32.0 months (95% CI: 28.9–35.3); ribociclib 42.4 months (95% CI: 35.1–52.9). First-line median OS was 37.8 months (95% CI: 32.5–NA); 49.7 months (95% CI: 44.7–54.1); and 54.4 months (95% CI: 47.9–NA) for abemaciclib, palbociclib and ribociclib, respectively. No significant differences in OS were observed, nor in PFS in second line.

Conclusion
This study confirms first-line CDK 4/6i effectiveness, with abemaciclib and ribociclib showing prolonged PFS vs. palbociclib. This study could not confirm a ranking of the three CDK 4/6i.
Revitalising high voltage cable: Exploring effective repair methods and influential factors for buffer layer defects using conductive silicone rubber
Authors: Yin Yanyang , Zhou Wenqing , Wu Zhiheng , Huang Jiasheng , Liu Xiaodong , Wang Jian , Liu Gang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the ablative discharge of the buffer layer in high‐voltage (HV) cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables has become a significant challenge for the operation and maintenance of power lines. However, there is a lack of effective methods to address buffer layer discharge defects. A practical approach is proposed to repair buffer layer defects and mitigate the associated discharge issues. To achieve this goal, the principles of repairing buffer layer defects are analysed by establishing an electrical network model that considers different contact states between the buffer layer and aluminium sheath. Based on this analysis, a method involving the injection of solidifiable rejuvenation fluid between the buffer layer and aluminium sheath is proposed to effectively suppress buffer layer discharge defects. Through simulation calculations, the minimum electrical conductivity and injection volume required to establish a reliable electrical connection between the buffer layer and aluminium sheath is determined. Additionally, a curable rejuvenation fluid containing conductive carbon black silicone rubber is prepared and analysed for its conductivity and flow properties at both the mesoscopic and macroscopic levels. Finally, a real cable office discharge test is conducted to compare the discharge behaviour of defective cables before and after repair. The results demonstrate that when the conductivity of the rejuvenation fluid exceeds 10−6 S/m, it effectively establishes a conductive channel between the insulation shield and aluminium sheath, thereby reducing the risk of discharge ablation. Furthermore, after injecting the rejuvenation fluid and completely covering the white mark defect, the discharge phenomenon in the buffer layer is significantly suppressed, leading to the restoration of its electrical performance.
Influence of imidazolium ionic liquids as organic filler dispersant on electrical properties of chitin/epoxy composites
Authors: Yin Kai , Fan Qihong , Li Jing , Rahman Taqi ur , Zhang Tianyin , Paramane Ashish , Chen Xiangrong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIonic liquid (IL) as the dispersant can help disperse the organic nanofillers to improve the performance of epoxy resin remarkably. However, the effect of IL on the electrical properties of epoxy composites is not well documented. This comprehensive study consists of the preparation, material characterisation and systematical investigation of electrical properties of 1‐Butyl‐3‐methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate‐modified chitin fibre/epoxy composites. The findings show that introducing IL into a chitin/epoxy composite can minimise porosity defects and improve the compatibility between filler and matrix. However, a high concentration of IL induces severe charge injection into chitin/epoxy composites and internal electric field distortion. The addition of 0.75%–1.5% mass fraction IL results in maximum enhancement in the AC breakdown strength of the chitin/epoxy composite (by ∼71%) compared with the non‐IL composites. The non‐linear conductivity and non‐uniform charge injection phenomena of IL‐modified composites can be attributed to the movement of radicals and anions due to the decomposition of IL. Through this study, it is highly expected that the organic filler dispersion in the epoxy matrix can be optimised by tuning IL to improve the insulation properties.
Fruit fast tracking and recognition of apple picking robot based on improved YOLOv5
Authors: Xu Yao , Zuodong Liu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe article proposes a real‐time apple picking method based on an improved YOLOv5. This method accurately recognizes different apple targets on fruit trees for robots and helps them adjust their position to avoid obstructions during fruit picking. Firstly, the original BottleneckCSP module in the YOLOv5 backbone network is enhanced to extract deeper features from images while maintaining lightweight. Secondly, the ECA module is embedded into the improved backbone network to better extract features of different apple targets. Lastly, the initial anchor frame size of the network is adjusted to avoid recognizing apples in distant planting rows. The results demonstrate that this improved model achieves high accuracy rates and recall rates for recognizing various types of apple picking methods with an average recognition time of 0.025s per image. Compared with other models tested on six types of apple picking methods, including the original YOLOv5 model as well as YOLOv3 and EfficientDet‐D0 algorithms, our improved model shows significant improvements in mAP by 1.95%, 17.6%, and 12.7% respectively. This method provides technical support for robots' picking hands to actively avoid obstructions caused by branches during fruit harvesting, effectively reducing apple loss.
Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,
Authors: Eggersdorfer Manfred , Schmidt Karlheinz 
Published: June 2024

Ernährung heute und morgen – von traditionell zu vegan und SuperfoodsDie Versorgung mit Lebensmitteln ist heute besser als jemals zuvor! Die Verbraucher
haben zu jeder Jahreszeit eine Auswahl an Obst, Gemüse und anderen Produkten bis hin
zu Superfoods! Und niemals zuvor musste für die Ernährung so wenig vom Einkommen
dafür ausgegeben werden wie heute.
Balance training during acute medical treatment for pediatric cancer
– subjective benefits and preliminary effects on selected physical
abilities
Authors: Otten Sarah , Daeggelmann Julia , Loesse Vivien , Koempel Theresa , Reitz Melanie , Siepermann Meinolf , Maas Volker , Bloch Wilhelm , Oschwald Vanessa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background As balance training seems to be a promising training method to
improve physical limitations of the lower limbs, this study aims to evaluate
feasibility, subjective benefits and preliminary effects on physical abilities
of balance training in pediatric cancer patients.
Patients 11 pediatric cancer patients (5–21 years) undergoing acute
medical treatment were included in the study.
Method Participants took part in a 4-week balance training intervention. 3
trainings/week were conducted either supervised or self-administered. Subjective
benefits were evaluated using a questionnaire, effects on selected physical
abilities were assessed using functional-motor assessments.
Results Participants completed 71.21+37.34% of balance training sessions,
no adverse events occurred. Participants were satisfied with the intervention
and described various subjective benefits. Significant improvements were found
in functional strength of the lower limbs as well as positive trends in balance.
Discussion Balance training seems feasible with pediatric cancer patients
undergoing acute medical treatment potentially improving functions of the lower
limbs relevant for daily physical activity.
Conclusion Balance training can be a valuable conjunct to general exercise
programs in pediatric oncology.
Ten years of maintenance treatment of severe melancholic depression
in an adult woman including discontinuation experiences
Authors: Bonnet Udo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background There are only few publications on long-term treatments for
major depressive disorder (MDD) lasting 5 years or longer. Most clinical
controlled trials lasted no longer than 2 years and some recent studies
suggested an advantage of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) over
antidepressants in relapse prevention of MDD.
Methods Exclusively outpatient "real world" treatment of severe
melancholia, prospectively documented over 10 years with different serial
treatment strategies, discontinuation phenomena and complications.
Methods Compared to CBT, agomelatine, mirtazapine, bupropion and high-dose
milnacipran, high-dose venlafaxine (extended-release form, XR) was effective,
even sustainably. Asymptomatic premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) were
found at the beginning of the treatment of the MDD, which initially led to the
discontinuation of high-dose venlafaxine (300 mg daily). Even the various
treatment strategies mentioned above were unable to compensate for or prevent
the subsequent severe deterioration in MDD (2 rebounds, 1 recurrence). Only the
renewed use of high-dose venlafaxine was successful. PVC no longer occurred and
the treatment was also well tolerated over the years, with venlafaxine serum
levels at times exceeding 5 times the recommended upper therapeutic reference
level (known bupropion-venlafaxine interaction, otherwise 2.5 to 3-fold increase
with high-dose venlafaxine alone). During dose reduction or after gradual
discontinuation of high-dose venlafaxine, rather mild withdrawal symptoms
occurred, but as described above, also two severe rebounds and one severe
recurrence happened.
Discussion This long-term observation supports critical reflections on the
discontinuation of successful long-term treatment with antidepressants in severe
MDD, even if it should be under "the protection" of CBT. The PVC
seemed to be more related to the duration of the severe major depressive episode
than to the venlafaxine treatment itself. A particular prospective observation
of this longitudinal case study is that relapses (in the sense of rebounds)
during or after previous venlafaxine tapering seemed to herald the recurrence
after complete recovery. Remarkably, neither relapses nor recurrence could be
prevented by CBT.
Conclusion In this case, high-dose venlafaxine has a particular
relapse-preventive (and "recurrence-preventive") effect with good
long-term tolerability.
Iodo-Annulations of N-Benzyl-propiolamides Leading To Azaspiro[5.5]undecatrienones or Benzo[c]azepinones
Authors: Reddy Chada Raji , Chandrasekhar Srivari , Nagendraprasad Thallamapuram , Islam Jannatul , Ajaykumar Uprety , Reddy Cirandur Suresh 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIodine-mediated oxidative annulations of N-benzyl-propiolamides are disclosed for the first time, providing either azaspiro[5.5]undecatrienones via dearomative ipso-annulation or benzo[c]azepinones through ortho-annulation. The selective construction of the aforementioned products is based on the ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN)-promoted divergent reactivity of the propiolamide, directed by the substituents on the phenyl ring of the N-benzyl group.
Iron(III)-Catalysed Povarov Cyclisation for the Synthesis of Fused Dibenzo[b,f][1,7]naphthyridine Embedded Arylpyrrolo Scaffolds
Authors: Jana Umasish , Sahoo Raj Kamal , Rana Gopal , Kar Abhishek , Ghosh Sourav 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn FeCl3-catalyzed Povarov reaction for the efficient synthesis of dibenzo[b,f][1,7]naphthyridines utilizing 1-(2-alkynylaryl)-2-pyrrolecarbaldehydes and arylamines in excellent yields is demonstrated. The essential features of the present strategy are easy preparation of substrates, broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and high atom economy and yields, in the presence of environmentally friendly iron catalysis.
1,2-trans-Diaminocyclohexane (DACH) in Asymmetric Catalysis: Nearing Fifty Years of Faithful Service and Counting
Authors: Hanessian Stephen , Mishra Akash 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis review highlights the use of DACH as a versatile ligand in catalytic asymmetric transformations providing mechanistic rationales and relevant comments presented in chronological order for each of the 21 reaction types with references up to December 25, 2023. Intended to be as practically comprehensive as possible, this review assembles useful examples of using DACH as a ligand in organocatalytic or as metal complexes in asymmetric transformations. The resulting enantiomerically enriched, if not pure, chiral non-racemic small molecules are of great utility as value added intermediates in the total synthesis of natural products, in the design and synthesis of medicinally important compounds, and in other areas in organic and bioorganic chemistry where chirality plays a role. The graphic image depicts Spartacus with his arms folded in the same sense of chirality as (R,R)-DACH.1	Introduction2	DACH: A Brief Historical Narrative3	Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Alkenes4	Catalytic Asymmetric Dihydroxylation of Alkenes5	Catalytic Asymmetric Sulfoxidation and Sulfimidation6	Catalytic Asymmetric 1,4-Conjugate Addition6.1	Using Jacobsen’s DACH Metal–salen Complexes as Catalysts6.2	Using Takemoto’s Bifunctional H-Bonding DACH Thiourea	Organocatalyst6.3	Using DACH Ni(II) Complexes as Catalysts6.4	Using DACH H-Bonding Catalysis7	Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Alkenes8	Catalytic Asymmetric Claisen Rearrangement9	Catalytic Asymmetric 1,2-Nucleophilic Addition to Carbonyl	Compounds9.1	Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Dialkylzinc to Aldehydes and	Ketones9.2	Catalytic Asymmetric Alkynylation of Aldehydes and Ketones9.3	Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Cyanide to Aldehydes and	Ketones10	Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation11	Catalytic Asymmetric Cyclopropanation of Alkenes12	Catalytic Asymmetric Cycloaddition Reactions13	Catalytic Asymmetric Aziridination of Alkenes14	Catalytic Asymmetric Hydrogenation of Prochiral Ketones and	Imines15	Catalytic Asymmetric Aldol Reactions16	Catalytic Asymmetric Opening of Small Ring Systems16.1	Desymmetrization of meso-Epoxides and meso-Aziridines16.2	Kinetic Resolution of Racemic Epoxides16.3	Enantioselective Addition of CO2 to Epoxides16.4	Enantioselective Ring Opening of Oxetanes17	Catalytic Asymmetric Strecker Reactions18	Catalytic Asymmetric Mannich Reactions19	Catalytic Asymmetric Henry and Aza-Henry Reactions20	Catalytic Asymmetric Morita–Baylis–Hillman and Rauhut–Currier	Reactions21	Catalytic Asymmetric Petasis Reactions22	Organocatalytic Asymmetric Cascade Reactions23	Miscellaneous Catalytic Reactions24	Conclusion and Outlook25	DACH Catalysts and Ligands List
Efficient Synthesis of Tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines Based on the Recyclization of N-Arylitaconimides with Aminopyrazoles
Authors: Shmoylova Yana Yu. , Kovygin Yuri A. , Shikhaliev Khidmet S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article presents an efficient one-step synthesis of tetrahydropyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines through the recyclization of N-arylitaconimides with aminopyrazoles. The heterocyclic system of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyrimidine is known for its diverse biological properties, making its derivatives significant in pharmaceutical and medicinal chemistry. The study focuses on the regio- and chemoselective cascade reaction of N-arylitaconimides with 5-aminopyrazoles, demonstrating a new approach to synthesizing pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines and pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines. The methodology, involving boiling in isopropyl alcohol with acetic acid, yields selectively either pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridines or pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines based on the substituents in the aminopyrazoles. The study elucidates the reaction mechanism, structural characterization using NMR spectroscopy, and confirms the structures via high-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. The simplicity and synthetic potential of this approach make it a valuable method for the preparation of these heterocyclic frameworks.
Long-Term Results Using “Nair Hospital Precision Carving” Technique of Rhinoplasty
Authors: Bhat Uday , Peswani Amit , S. Aneesh , Hosamani Aravind S. , Pawar Mangesh , Raut Sushrut , Mirajkar Girish , Mistry Pooja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background and Objectives Convincing a patient who has undergone any aesthetic surgery to come for a long-term follow-up is extremely difficult. The result obtained after rhinoplasty usually stabilizes in the first year and it is unlikely to change after 2 years. The precision carving technique described in 2014 has been employed by us for the last several years. We wish to present long-term results (at least 2 years) obtained using this technique, now renamed as “Nair Hospital Precision Carving technique.” The unfavorable effects of warping are most apparent in the dorsum. So, we have chosen to assess results of dorsal onlay grafts only. This article presents the long-term results obtained using favorable warping technique.
Materials and Methods We have followed up 45 patients in whom dorsal augmentation was done using rib grafts for various indications like aesthetic, reconstructive rhinoplasty and cleft lip nasal deformity. Grafts were carved using the precision carving technique.
Results All patients were assessed at 6 weeks, 6 months, and at subsequent follow-up period of 2 to 10 years and photographs were taken at each visit. There was no major complication and all patients were satisfied with the appearance.
Conclusion The Nair Hospital Precision Carving technique utilizes unbalanced yet controlled and precise carving to achieve a variety of natural shapes for the objectives of contour fill and framework reconstruction in rhinoplasty, thus ensuring good long-term results.