bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma proteins present in osteoarthritic synovial fluid can stimulate cytokine production via Toll-like receptor 4
Authors: Sohn Dong Hyun , Sokolove Jeremy , Sharpe Orr , Erhart Jennifer C , Chandra Piyanka E , Lahey Lauren J , Lindstrom Tamsin M , Hwang Inyong , Boyer Katherine A , Andriacchi Thomas P , Robinson William H 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

Introduction

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by cartilage breakdown in the synovial joints. The presence of low-grade inflammation in OA joints is receiving increasing attention, with synovitis shown to be present even in the early stages of the disease. How the synovial inflammation arises is unclear, but proteins in the synovial fluid of affected joints could conceivably contribute. We therefore surveyed the proteins present in OA synovial fluid and assessed their immunostimulatory properties.

Methods

We used mass spectrometry to survey the proteins present in the synovial fluid of patients with knee OA. We used a multiplex bead-based immunoassay to measure levels of inflammatory cytokines in serum and synovial fluid from patients with knee OA and from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as well as in sera from healthy individuals. Significant differences in cytokine levels between groups were determined by significance analysis of microarrays, and relations were determined by unsupervised hierarchic clustering. To assess the immunostimulatory properties of a subset of the identified proteins, we tested the proteins' ability to induce the production of inflammatory cytokines by macrophages. For proteins found to be stimulatory, the macrophage stimulation assays were repeated by using Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-deficient macrophages.

Results

We identified 108 proteins in OA synovial fluid, including plasma proteins, serine protease inhibitors, proteins indicative of cartilage turnover, and proteins involved in inflammation and immunity. Multiplex cytokine analysis revealed that levels of several inflammatory cytokines were significantly higher in OA sera than in normal sera, and levels of inflammatory cytokines in synovial fluid and serum were, as expected, higher in RA samples than in OA samples. As much as 36% of the proteins identified in OA synovial fluid were plasma proteins. Testing a subset of these plasma proteins in macrophage stimulation assays, we found that Gc-globulin, α1-microglobulin, and α2-macroglobulin can signal via TLR4 to induce macrophage production of inflammatory cytokines implicated in OA.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that plasma proteins present in OA synovial fluid, whether through exudation from plasma or production by synovial tissues, could contribute to low-grade inflammation in OA by functioning as so-called damage-associated molecular patterns in the synovial joint.
Building Communities: Immigration, Occupation, and the Boundaries of Limousin Solidarity in Nineteenth-Century Paris
Authors: Silver Kiva 
Published: January 2012

In contrast to a familiar assimilation model whereby peasants were “transformed into Frenchmen,” this study of Limousin migrant masons illustrates how occupational specialization, rural-based social networking, and circular migration strategies encouraged residential concentration in Paris in the second half of the nineteenth century. After addressing circular migration and the characteristics of the building trades that promoted social networking, this study draws on census and electoral records to map the boundaries of Limousin solidarity in Paris during the Third Republic (1871–1914). Rather than constituting a “colony,” Limousin migrant masons established “microcommunities” based on familial and village-based social ties. The article concludes with an analysis detailing the functions of residential concentration by considering how collective living arrangements in hôtels garnis (boardinghouses) enabled the procurement of work, maintained the cohesion of the work team, and promoted links connecting Paris to the Departments of the Haute-Vienne and the Creuse in central France.
Contrairement au modèle républicain d’assimilation, cette étude des maçons limousins émigrés à Paris illustre comment la spécialisation de l’occupation, la solidarité du groupe et la migration circulaire ont propagé la concentration résidentielle pendant la seconde moitié du dixneuvième siècle. Après une analyse de la migration circulaire et les caractéristiques de l’industrie du bâtiment, cette étude montre les limites de la cohésion des communautés limousines à Paris. Au lieu de constituer une colonie, les maçons limousins émigrés établissaient des « microcommunautés » basées sur des liens familiaux et sociaux, tous les deux emmenant du village. Cet article termine avec une analyse des fonctions de la concentration résidentielle en considérant comment l’habitation collective dans des hôtels garnis a facilité l’obtention du travail, a maintenu la cohésion de la force ouvrière et a fortifié les liens entre Paris et les départements de la Haute-Vienne et de la Creuse au centre de la France.
An electro-amalgamation approach to produce 175Yb suitable for radiopharmaceutical applications
Authors: Chakravarty Rubel , Das Tapas , Venkatesh Meera , Dash Ashutosh 
Published: January 2012

Abstract

175Yb is a prospective reactor produced radionuclide suitable for preparation of therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. However, a major restraint in the use of 175Yb produced via the (n, γ) reaction, for therapeutic applications, is the presence of longer-lived 177Lu impurity which is co-produced along with 175Yb on irradiation of natural Yb2O3 target. A radiochemical separation procedure adopting electro-amalgamation approach for the removal of 177Lu impurity from 175Yb has been critically evaluated. The experimental parameters such as applied potential, electrolysis time and the pH of the electrolyte, affecting the electrochemical separation process, were studied and optimized. The developed radiochemical procedure was extensively tested for purification of up to 15 GBq of 175Yb. The purified 175Yb could be obtained in HCl medium with ∼95% yield. The 177Lu impurity could not be detected in the purified product and 175Yb was found suitable for the preparation of potential radiotherapeutic agents.
In vivo biological evaluation of 131I radiolabeled-paclitaxel glucuronide (131I-PAC-G)
Authors: Aslan Onder , Biber Muftuler Fazilet Zumrut , Yurt Kilcar Ayfer , Ichedef Cigdem , Unak Perihan 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Paclitaxel (PAC) is a natural occurring diterpene alkoloid originally isolated from the bark of Taxus Brevifolia. It is one of the most important antitumor agents for clinical treatment of ovarian, breast non-small cell lung and prostate cancers. It is known that these types of cancer cells have high β-glucuronidase enzyme which can catalyze the hydrolysis of glucuronides. This is why the synthesis compounds which undergo glucuronidation come into question in the imaging and therapy of these cancer cells.
The aim of current study is conjugation of glucuronic acid (G) to the starting substance PAC, labeling with 131I and to perform its in vivo biological evaluation. Glucuronic acid derived paclitaxel compound [paclitaxel-glucuronide (PAC-G)] was labeled with 131I using iodogen method. According to thin layer radio chromatography (TLRC) method, the radiochemical yield of 131I-PAC-G was 84.30 ± 7.40% (n=10). The biodistribution of 131I-PAC-G in healthy female and male Wistar Albino rats has been investigated. Imaging studies on male Balb-C mice were performed by using the Kodak FX PRO in vivo Imaging System. The range of the breast/blood, breast/muscle; ovary/blood, ovary/muscle ratios is approximately between 1.29 and 11.34 in 240 min, and between 0.71 and 8.24 in 240 min for female rats. The prostate/blood and prostate/muscle ratio is between 1.94 and 6.95 in 30 min for male rats. All these experimental studies indicate that 131I-PAC-G may potentially be used in breast, ovary and prostate tissues as an imaging agent. Also it is thought that 131I-PAC-G bears a theraphy potential because of the 131I radionuclide and can be improved with further investigations.
The Necessity of Enemies in Thailand's Troubled Politics
Authors: Chachavalpongpun Pavin 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Thailand's traditional elite continues to depict former Premier Thaksin Shinawatra and his “redshirt” supporters as the enemies of the state. This study examines how the making of “otherness” is employed to conceal the dark reality of Thai politics in which the existence of enemies legitimizes the elite's power position and interests.
Anti-American and Anti-Alliance Sentiments in South Korea
Authors: Shin Gi-Wook , Izatt Hilary Jan 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The strain between the U.S. and the ROK is often seen as a result of South Korea's anti-Americanism. However, alliance strain and anti-Americanism have not necessarily changed together. This conceptual disparity calls for the need to specify, rather than assume, causality. We utilize newly collected data from two major Korean dailies to show this need.
Specific Cooperation Between Imp-α2 and Imp-β/Ketel in Spindle Assembly DuringDrosophilaEarly Nuclear Divisions
Authors: Virágh Erika , Gorjánácz Mátyás , Török István , Eichhorn Tolga , Kallakuri Sowjanya , Szlanka Tamás , Kiss István , Mechler Bernard M 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe multifunctional factors Imp-α and Imp-β are involved in nuclear protein import, mitotic spindle dynamics, and nuclear membrane formation. Furthermore, each of the three members of the Imp-α family exerts distinct tasks during development. In Drosophila melanogaster, the imp-α2 gene is critical during oogenesis for ring canal assembly; specific mutations, which allow oogenesis to proceed normally, were found to block early embryonic mitosis. Here, we show that imp-α2 and imp-β genetically interact during early embryonic development, and we characterize the pattern of defects affecting mitosis in embryos laid by heterozygous imp-α2D14 and imp-βKetRE34 females. Embryonic development is arrested in these embryos but is unaffected in combinations between imp-βKetRE34 and null mutations in imp-α1 or imp-α3. Furthermore, the imp-α2D14/imp-βKetRE34 interaction could only be rescued by an imp-α2 transgene, albeit not imp-α1 or imp-α3, showing the exclusive imp-α2 function with imp-β. Use of transgenes carrying modifications in the major Imp-α2 domains showed the critical requirement of the nuclear localization signal binding (NLSB) site in this process. In the mutant embryos, we found metaphase-arrested mitoses made of enlarged spindles, suggesting an unrestrained activity of factors promoting spindle assembly. In accordance with this, we found that Imp-βKetRE34 and Imp-βKetD bind a high level of RanGTP/GDP, and a deletion decreasing RanGTP level suppresses the imp-βKetRE34 phenotype. These data suggest that a fine balance among Imp-α2, Imp-β, RanGTP, and the NLS cargos is critical for mitotic progression during early embryonic development.
Microstructure Dependence of Hydrogen Sensing Properties of Palladium Functionalized Tungsten Oxide Films
Authors: Zhao Meng , Huang Jian-Xing , Ong Chung-Wo 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTTungsten oxide (WO3) films were prepared by using magnetron sputtering. Substrate temperature and sputtering pressure were adjusted to vary the microstructure. The films were found to contain nanoclusters; while their size L, and porosity θ and surface roughness zRMS of the film can be varied. After adding a palladium coating on the film surface, the hydrogen (H2) sensing properties of the films, including sensitivity of detection, response time and recovery time were measured. Their dependences on L, θ and zRMS were analyzed and interpreted. The information achieved is useful for improving H2 sensor technology.
Cardiac Ischemia and Ischemia/Reperfusion Cause Wide Proteolysis of the Coronary Endothelial Luminal Membrane: Possible Dysfunctions
Authors: Arroyo-Flores Blanca , Chi-Ahumada Erika , Briones-Cerecero Erika , Barajas-Espinosa Alma , Perez-Aguilar Sandra , de la Rosa Ana Barba , Knabb Maureen , Rubio Rafael 
Published: January 2012

Background:
Ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) are common clinical insults that disrupt the molecular structure of coronary vascular endothelial luminal membrane (VELM) that result in diverse microvasculature dysfunctions. However, the knowledge of the associated biochemical changes is meager. We hypothesized that ischemia and I/R-induced structural and functional VELM alterations result from biochemical changes. First, these changes need to be described and later the mechanisms behind be identified.

Methods:
During control conditions, in isolated perfused rat hearts VELM proteins were labeled with biotin. The groups of hearts were: control (C), no flow ischemia (I; 25 min), and I/R (I; 25 min, reperfusion 30 min). The biotinylated luminal endothelial membrane proteins in these three different groups were examined by 2-D electrophoresis and identified. But, it must be kept in mind the proteins were biotin-labeled during control.

Results:
A comparative analysis of the protein profiles under the 3 conditions following 2D gel electrophoresis showed differences in the molecular weight distribution such that MWC > MWI > MWI/R. Similar analysis for isoelectric points (pHi) showed a shift toward more acidic pHi under ischemic conditions. Of 100 % proteins identified during control 66% and 88% changed their MW-pHi during ischemia and I/R respectively. Among these lost proteins there were 9 proteins identified as adhesins and G-protein coupled receptors.

General significance:
I and I/R insults alter MW-pHi of most luminal glycocalyx proteins due to the activation of nonspecific hydrolizing mechanisms; suspect metalloproteases and glycanases. This makes necessary the identification of hydrolyzing enzymes reponsible of multiple microvascular dysfunctions in order to maintain the integrity of vascular endothelial membrane. VELM must become a target of future therapeutics.
Les pulsions épistémophiliques à l'œuvre dans les techniques de Procréation Médicalement Assistée
Authors: Drossart Francis 
Published: January 2012

À partir du film « Dead Ringers » (« Faux semblants ») de D. Cronenberg, dans lequel des jumeaux gynécologues à la tête d’une « Clinique de la Stérilité » sombrent dans la folie, nous attirons l’attention sur le destin des pulsions épistémophiliques à l’œuvre dans les techniques de Procréation Médicalement Assistée. De la capacité pour le sujet d’intégrer ou non l’énigme de l’OEdipe, et de la différence des sexes, dépendra l’issue sublimatoire ou non de ces pulsions épistémophiliques appliquées à ce domaine des PMA.
ARTICLE RETIRÉ : Figure, Figuration, Défiguration
Authors: Rochette-Guglielmi Joëlle 
Published: January 2012

Deux modes de remémoration sont pointés dans la cure, avec la transformation d’une « honte procédurale » solitaire, en une « honte déclarative » intersubjective et adressée dans le transfert. Le travail de mise en représentation des traumas précoces et de leur sexualisation secondaire défensive passe par une co-genèse multimodale à dominante sensorielle, où les atteintes narcissiques primaires trouvent à se figurer. L’expérience d’une « compréhension mutuelle » permet la (re)création d’un espace dyadique précoce manquant.
Mort périnatale : le deuil en kit
Authors: Stern Sarah 
Published: January 2012

La loi de 2008 a modifié les procédures autour de la mort foetale. Cet article propose une réflexion sur l’évolution des mentalités et des représentations autour du foetus. Le foetus étant désormais assimilé à une personne, la mort foetale est devenue un deuil périnatal. Cependant le rapport d’une femme au foetus est également déterminé par le chemin qu’a pris la genèse du désir d’enfant. Quand la grossesse s’interrompt, de quelle perte le foetus est-il l’objet ?
Anterior Reconstruction With Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide-66 Cage After Thoracic and Lumbar Corpectomy
Authors: Yang Xi , Song Yueming , Liu Limin , Liu Hao , Zeng Jiancheng , Pei Fuxing 
Published: January 2012

Cages are used to regain stability of the anterior spinal column following vertebrectomy, which could prevent significant donor-site morbidity from the iliac autograft harvesting and the risk of disease transmission associated with the allograft. The hollow, porous, cylindrical nanohydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) cage is a new nonmetallic cage device made by combining nanohydroxyapatite with polyamide 66. Few studies have examined its effectiveness and outcomes over a follow-up >2 years.
We retrospectively studied 51 consecutive patients with acute traumatic thoracic or lumbar burst fracture who underwent anterior reconstruction with the n-HA/PA66 cage following single-level corpectomy. Radiologic parameters (radiographs and 3-dimensional computed tomography scans) preoperatively and at 1 week and >2 years postoperatively, as well as clinical outcome parameters (SF-36 scores), were analyzed. Mean kyphosis correction in the segment within the cage was 11.8°±7.1°, and mean loss of correction at last follow-up was 1.9°±2.1°. Osseous fusion was achieved in 90.2% of patients, and severe cage subsidence (settling >2 mm) was observed in 19.6% of patients at final follow-up. Significant differences were found in 7 of 8 health dimensions of the SF-36 between neurologically intact patients and neurologically injured patients. Our clinical results indicate that the n-HA/PA66 cage is an effective device for reconstruction after anterior thoracic and lumbar vertebral resection, resulting in a high rate of successful osseous fusion and a low proportion of severe cage subsidence.
Corona Mortis Artery Avulsion Due to a Stable Pubic Ramus Fracture
Authors: Garrido-Gómez Juan , Pena-Rodríguez Carlos , Martín-Noguerol Teodoro , Hernández-Cortes Pedro 
Published: January 2012

A 70-year-old woman with osteoporosis fell at home and presented to our emergency department with intense left hip pain. Radiographs revealed a left iliopubic rami fracture and nondisplaced right ischiopubic rami fracture. She was discharged after a 24-hour observation with no clinical changes. Seventy-two hours later, she was readmitted with a painful abdominal mass, progressive oliguria, tachycardia, hypotension, and profuse perspiration with generalized pallor. On physical examination, a painful mass in the hypogastrium and intense inflammation in the thigh and the proximal portion of left knee were found.
Emergent multiphase contrast computed tomography revealed a large nonhomogeneous hematoma neighboring the fractured left iliopubic rami, and contrast extravasation indicated arterial bleeding. Selective angiography showed an active hemorrhage from the distal portion of a small branch of the left obturator artery. After embolization of the arterial vessel, the patient was hemodynamically stable. The fracture was rotationally and vertically stable.
These fractures are common, especially among the elderly. This type of injury is usually treated conservatively and with active mobilization once the acute pain has subsided. Supraselective embolization after localization of the bleeding vessels by arteriography is recognized as a minimally invasive procedure with excellent outcomes in hemorrhagic complications of pelvic fractures. An apparently benign pubic rami fracture in the setting of hemodynamic instability should raise the suspicion of a corona mortis injury, especially in elderly and anticoagulated patients.
Custom vs Conventional PRK: A Prospective, Randomized, Contralateral Eye Comparison of Postoperative Visual Function
Authors: Mifflin Mark D. , Hatch Bryndon B. , Sikder Shameema , Bell James , Kurz Christopher J. , Moshirfar Majid 
Published: January 2012

PURPOSE:
To determine whether VISX S4 (VISX Inc) custom photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) results in better visual outcomes than VISX S4 conventional PRK.

METHODS:
Photorefractive keratectomy was performed on 80 eyes from 40 patients in this randomized, prospective, contralateral eye study. Dominant eyes were randomized to one group with the fellow eye receiving the alternate treatment. Primary outcome measures included uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), contrast sensitivity, and root-mean-square (RMS) higher order aberrations.

RESULTS:

Mean UDVA was −0.023±0.099 (20/19) in the custom group and −0.044±0.080 (20/18) in the conventional group 6 months after surgery (
P
=.293). Mean CDVA was −0.073±0.067 (20/17) in the custom group and −0.079±0.071 (20/17) in the conventional group 6 months after surgery (
P
=.659). Total higher order aberration RMS and spherical aberration increased in both groups compared to preoperative values (
P
<.05). Coma increased in the conventional group (
P
<.05) whereas it was similar to preoperative values in the custom group. No significant differences were noted in induction of trefoil.

CONCLUSIONS:
Custom and conventional PRK were shown to be safe and effective with excellent visual acuity and contrast sensitivity performance at 6 and 12 months. Conventional PRK induced more coma than custom PRK; however, this did not seem to correlate with clinical outcomes.
Murine Regulatory T Cells Contain Hyperproliferative and Death-Prone Subsets with Differential ICOS Expression
Authors: Chen Yong , Shen Shudan , Gorentla Balachandra K. , Gao Jimin , Zhong Xiao-Ping 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Treg) are crucial for self-tolerance. It has been an enigma that Treg exhibit an anergic phenotype reflected by hypoproliferation in vitro after TCR stimulation but undergo vigorous proliferation in vivo. We report in this study that murine Treg are prone to death but hyperproliferative in vitro and in vivo, which is different from conventional CD4+Foxp3− T cells (Tcon). During in vitro culture, most Treg die with or without TCR stimulation, correlated with constitutive activation of the intrinsic death pathway. However, a small portion of the Treg population is more sensitive to TCR stimulation, particularly weak stimulation, proliferates more vigorously than CD4+ Tcon, and is resistant to activation-induced cell death. Treg proliferation is enhanced by IL-2 but is less dependent on CD28-mediated costimulation than that of Tcon. We demonstrate further that the surviving and proliferative Treg are ICOS+ whereas the death-prone Treg are ICOS−. Moreover, ICOS+ Treg contain much stronger suppressive activity than that of ICOS− Treg. Our data indicate that massive death contributes to the anergic phenotype of Treg in vitro and suggest modulation of Treg survival as a therapeutic strategy for treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancer.