bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation for Myelofibrosis in 2012
Authors: McLornan Donal P. , Mead Adam J. , Jackson Graham , Harrison Claire N. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryMyelofibrosis (MF) is a heterogeneous disease for which long‐term, effective medical therapeutic options are currently limited. The role of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) in this population, many of whom are elderly, often provides a challenge with regard to the identification of suitable candidates, timing of transplantation in the disease course and choice of conditioning regimen. This review summarizes key findings from published data concerning AHSCT in MF and attempts to provide a state of the art approach to MF‐AHSCT in 2012. In addition, we postulate on how the era of JAK inhibition might impact on transplantation for MF.
Time trend in tumour size and characteristics of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Han Ji Min , Kim Won Bae , Kim Tae Yong , Ryu Jin‐Sook , Gong Gyungyub , Hong Suck Joon , Kim Jung‐Han , Oh Young Lyun , Jang Hye Won , Kim Sun Wook , Chung Jae Hoon , Shong Young Kee 
Published: March 2012

SummaryObjectiveAnaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most aggressive malignancies. Nevertheless, there have been reports that some patients experience long‐term survival and those in whom ATCs of small size are often detected. We evaluated the time trend of characteristics of ATC such as size and association with coexistent differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). We also found the characteristics of patients showing long‐term survival.Design and PatientsThis is a retrospective observational cohort study from the two major tertiary referral hospitals in Seoul, Korea. Ninety‐five patients who had been diagnosed with ATC from 1995 to 2010 were included. We classified them into three groups according to the time of initial diagnosis: group 1 (1995–1999), group 2 (2000–2004) and group 3 (2005–2010).ResultsThe mean tumour size decreased significantly according to groups; 6·2, 5·5 and 4·0 cm in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively (P = 0·02). The frequency of cases with coexistent DTC increased; 10·3%, 35·1% and 48·3% in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively (P = 0·02). Fifteen of 95 patients survived more than 24 months, and among them, 13 are still alive who underwent curative surgery. Among 15 long‐term survivors, nine patients with ATC arising from DTC had ATC tumour portion less than 1 cm. Another five patients with ATC without coexistent DTC had relatively small‐sized tumours (1·0–4·0 cm).ConclusionThe tumour size of ATC decreased, and cases with coexistent DTC increased over the last two decades. We found that patients with ATC showing long‐term survival are those who had atypical presentations such as anaplastic transformation in early stage of DTC or small size of tumours without coexistent DTC.
Developmental Therapeutics Consortium report on study design effects on trial outcomes in chronic myeloid leukaemia
Authors: Giles Francis , Mahon François‐Xavier , Gjertsen Bjorn , Swords Ronan , Labar Boris , Turkina Anna , Rosti Gianantonio 
Published: March 2012

Eur J Clin Invest 2012; 42 (9): 1016–1026AbstractBackground  Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically changed the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Results from ongoing phase 3 trials with nilotinib [Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Trials—Newly Diagnosed Patients (ENESTnd)] and dasatinib [Dasatinib Versus Imatinib Study in Treatment‐Naive CML‐CP Patients (DASISION)] in newly diagnosed patients with CML in chronic phase have demonstrated that these TKIs resulted in significant improvements in responses vs. imatinib.Design  The Developmental Therapeutics Consortium (DTC) systematically reviewed the published literature to provide a comparative analysis of the ENESTnd and DASISION trial designs and data reported on each study.Results  The recent approval of nilotinib and dasatinib based on these two pivotal studies offers physicians the option to optimise frontline treatment based on a patient’s comorbidities, risk factors and tolerability profiles. Although nilotinib and dasatinib provide effective therapeutic options for the frontline treatment of CML, the lack of an evidenced‐based, side‐by‐side comparison makes it difficult to directly compare these agents.Conclusions  Despite potential bias from differences in patient populations and study design, indirect cross‐trial comparisons to determine the relative effectiveness of these agents will be performed by physicians. This DTC report provides a comprehensive summary of the study designs, protocols and results of the ENESTnd and DASISION trials, which will assist physicians in making informed decisions on the best treatment approach for their patients.
Inter‐observer variability in the histological assessment of colorectal polyps detected through the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme
Authors: Foss Fiona A , Milkins Steve , McGregor Angus H 
Published: April 2012

Foss F A, Milkins S & McGregor A H  (2012) Histopathology 61, 47–52Inter‐observer variability in the histological assessment of colorectal polyps detected through the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening ProgrammeAims:  Although effective clinical management of colorectal polyps detected through the National Health Service (NHS) Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) is dependent on the quality of pathological diagnosis, there have been few attempts to formally evaluate inter‐observer variability in histological assessment. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of inter‐observer variability on the reported prevalence of prognostic features in a large series of screen‐detected colorectal polyps.Methods and results:  A retrospective series of 1329 screen‐detected polyps (2008–10) was identified from computerized records at two histopathology departments participating in the NHS BCSP. Slides from a sample of 239 polyps were exchanged between centres for independent review and measurement of inter‐observer (kappa) agreement. There were significant between‐centre differences in the prevalence of polyps with high‐risk histological features. Diagnostic review demonstrated good reliability with respect to the assessment of adenomatous change (κ = 0.83), excision margin status (κ = 0.74), high‐grade dysplasia (0.61) and invasive malignancy (κ = 0.84). By contrast, there were significant inter‐observer differences in the classification of villous lesions (0.18) despite recent efforts to standardize reporting practice.Conclusions:  Inter‐observer variability in the assessment of screen‐detected colorectal polyps limits the prognostic value of histological subtyping and highlights the need for clarification of existing diagnostic criteria.
Morphological differentiation of severe aplastic anaemia from hypocellular refractory cytopenia of childhood: reproducibility of histopathological diagnostic criteria
Authors: Baumann Irith , Führer Monika , Behrendt Sonja , Campr Vit , Csomor Judit , Furlan Ingrid , de Haas Valérie , Kerndrup Gitte , Leguit Roos J , De Paepe Pascale , Noellke Peter , Niemeyer Charlotte , Schwarz Stephan 
Published: March 2012

Baumann I, Führer M, Behrendt S, Campr V, Csomor J, Furlan I, de Haas V, Kerndrup G, Leguit R J, De Paepe P, Noellke P, Niemeyer C & Schwarz S  (2012) Histopathology 61, 10–17Morphological differentiation of severe aplastic anaemia from hypocellular refractory cytopenia of childhood: reproducibility of histopathological diagnostic criteriaAims:  To evaluate the reproducibility and reliability of the histomorphological criteria differentiating severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) and hypoplastic refractory cytopenia of childhood (RCC), the most frequently acquired hypocellular bone marrow conditions of childhood.Methods and results:  We performed a double‐blind interobserver study of 100 different cases of SAA and RCC among seven haematopathologists of the European Working Group of MDS in Childhood (EWOG‐MDS) and the German SAA study. Cases with foci of typical myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) morphology, such as patchy erythropoiesis with defective maturation, in an otherwise highly hypocellular or adipocytic bone marrow were classified as having RCC. Bone marrow samples without a patchy distribution, few scattered myeloid cells or haematopoietic aplasia were diagnosed as SAA. In only four of 100 cases did the reference pathologists not reach agreement regarding classification as SAA or RCC. The kappa index was 0.79.Conclusions:  Our results show that the vast majority of SAA and RCC cases can be reliably differentiated by morphological means alone. A clear differentiation between SAA and RCC at presentation is mandatory for optimizing therapy strategies, and might be responsible for the fact that, in the German childhood SAA study, the probability of developing clonal disease after immunosuppressive therapy has dropped to 3%.
Submucosal glands in the columnar‐lined oesophagus: evidence of an association with metaplasia and neosquamous epithelium
Authors: Lörinc Ester , Öberg Stefan 
Published: March 2012

Lörinc E & Öberg S  (2012) Histopathology 61, 53–58Submucosal glands in the columnar‐lined oesophagus: evidence of an association with metaplasia and neosquamous epitheliumAim:  A multipotential stem cell, possibly located in the submucosal gland ducts, has been suggested as the origin of metaplastic mucosa in the oesophagus. The topographic distribution of these glands and their excretory ducts (SMG) within the columnar lined oesophagus (CLO) is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of SMG in relation to the type of overlying epithelium in patients with CLO.Methods and results:  Seven oesophageal resection specimens were examined histologically in toto. The median frequency of SMG was similar in the metaplastic segments (0.12 SMG/mm) and the normal squamous segments (0.10 SMG/mm). Within the metaplastic segments, the median frequency of SMG beneath the squamous islands was significantly higher than that observed under the columnar lined parts (0.22 versus 0.08 SMG/mm, P = 0.046), There was a strong accumulation of SMG at the squamo‐columnar transition zones (0.53 SMG/mm), which was significantly greater than that found in the columnar and squamous parts (P = 0.001 and 0.002, respectively).Conclusions:  The relative accumulation of SMG beneath squamous islands and the squamo‐columnar junctions within the metaplastic segment supports the hypothesis that both metaplastic columnar mucosa and neosquamous epithelium originate from a progenitor in the SMG.
αB‐crystallin is a useful marker for triple negative and basal breast cancers
Authors: Tsang Julia Y S , Lai Michael W H , Wong Ken H Y , Chan Siu‐Ki , Lam Christopher C F , Tsang Alex K H , Yu Alex M C , Tan Puay‐Hoon , Tse Gary M 
Published: March 2012

Tsang J Y S, Lai M W H, Wong K H Y, Chan S‐K, Lam C C F, Tsang A K H, Yu A M C, Tan P‐H & Tse G M  (2012) Histopathology 61, 378–386αB‐crystallin is a useful marker for triple negative and basal breast cancersAims:  Basal‐like breast cancers (BLBCs), a breast cancer subtype with triple‐negative status, pose significant problems in clinical management because of their aggressive behaviour. Recently, an association between αΒ‐crystallin expression and BLBCs has been suggested, and we therefore investigated whether αΒ‐crystallin could be a putative marker allowing BLBCs to be identified more accurately.Methods and results:  We evaluated the expression of αB‐crystallin and other biomarkers in 395 cases of breast carcinoma by immunohistochemistry, analysed the correlation of their expression with different breast cancer subtypes, and compared their sensitivity as well as specificity in identifying BLBCs. αΒ‐crystallin expression was found to be correlated positively with basal markers and histological subtypes associated with BLBCs. A significant positive correlation of αΒ‐crystallin expression was also found with triple‐negative breast cancers (TNBC) (C = 0.409, P < 0.001) and BLBCs (C = 0.393, P < 0.001). Comparing αΒ‐crystallin with other basal markers, only αΒ‐crystallin demonstrated both high sensitivity (48.6%) and specificity (93.8%) as a TNBC marker. All other markers showed either a lower sensitivity of <40% or a lower specificity of <90%. αΒ‐crystallin also demonstrated a high specificity (92.9%) and an even higher sensitivity (56.5%) for BLBCs.Conclusions:  The findings indicated that αB‐crystallin was a highly sensitive and specific marker for TNBCs and BLBCs.
A fast and efficient polymerase chain reaction‐based method for the preparation of in situ hybridization probes
Authors: Ghafoory Shahrouz , Breitkopf‐Heinlein Katja , Li Qi , Dzieran Johanna , Scholl Catharina , Dooley Steven , Wölfl Stefan 
Published: March 2012

Ghafoory S, Breitkopf‐Heinlein K, Li Q, Dzieran J, Scholl C, Dooley S & Wölfl S  (2012) Histopathology 61, 306–313A fast and efficient polymerase chain reaction‐based method for the preparation of in situ hybridization probesAims:  In situ hybridization (ISH) is the method of choice for analysis of the local distribution of gene expression in tissue samples at the cellular level. In this study we present a rapid and efficient protocol for the generation of labelled cRNA probes.Methods and results:  The protocol is based on the preparation of DNA in vitro transcription templates using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using primers that include RNA polymerase promoter sequences and size‐based purification of PCR fragments containing the target gene‐specific cDNA and promoter elements for T7 and SP6 RNA polymerase. The optimized purification protocols ensure high transcription efficiency and target specificity of the labelled cRNA. The cRNA hybridization probes obtained are compatible with established in situ hybridization protocols.Conclusions:  Purified PCR fragment‐based in vitro transcription enables preparation of in situ hybridization probes which allow the rapid detection of gene expression distribution in tissue slices from any gene of interest.
Consistent mutation status within histologically heterogeneous lung cancer lesions
Authors: Mattsson Johanna Sofia Margareta , Imgenberg‐Kreuz Juliana , Edlund Karolina , Botling Johan , Micke Patrick 
Published: March 2012

Mattsson J S M, Imgenberg‐Kreuz J, Edlund K, Botling J & Micke P  (2012) Histopathology 61, 744–748Consistent mutation status within histologically heterogeneous lung cancer lesionsAims:  Activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and KRAS mutations characterize molecular subgroups of non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with a strong predictive value for response to EGFR inhibitor therapy. However, the temporal occurrence and clonal stability of these mutations during the course of cancer progression are debated. The aim of this study was to characterize the presence of EGFR and KRAS mutations in histologically different areas of primary NSCLC lesions.Methods and results:  Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded cancer specimens from six cases with EGFR mutations and five cases with KRAS mutations were selected from a pool of primary resected NSCLC patients. From each tumour, three morphologically distinct areas were manually microdissected and analysed for the presence of mutations. The results demonstrated consistent EGFR and KRAS mutation status in the different histological areas of all primary tumours.Conclusions:  The results support the concept that activating EGFR and KRAS mutations are oncogenic events that are consistently present throughout the primary tumour independently of histological heterogeneity. Thus, for molecular diagnostics, any part of the tumour is likely to be representative for EGFR and KRAS mutation testing.
Reflections and opinions on 25 years with the ISJ
Authors: Avison David , Fitzgerald Guy 
Published: April 2012

AbstractReflecting on 25 years as editors of the Information Systems Journal(ISJ), we analyse some statistics on the ISJ over this period. These include the origins of papers published in terms of author gender, geographical region and academic department, the type of research in terms of positivist or interpretive (and empirical, critical and descriptive, if the latter) and qualitative, quantitative, mixed or descriptive, research method and research category. The paper also consists of personal reflections on the ISJ discussing issues such as motivation for journal editing, impact of research on practice (and vice versa) and loss of control as the journal develops. We also use the ISJ lens to reflect on the discipline of IS as a whole. We hope therefore that this paper might also form part of a collection on the history of the IS discipline.
Comparison of conventional and digital radiography systems with regard to radiopacity of root canal filling materials
Authors: Akcay I. , Ilhan B. , Dundar N. 
Published: March 2012

Akcay I, Ilhan B, Dundar N. Comparison of conventional and digital radiography systems with regard to radiopacity of root canal filling materials. International Endodontic Journal, 45, 730–736, 2012.AbstractAim  To compare the radiopacity of five root filling materials as measured on digitized E‐speed films, storage phosphor plate and CCD sensor images.Methodology  Radiopacity of Resilon cones and Epiphany, MM‐Seal, EndoREZ and AH Plus sealers were investigated. Ten acrylic plates were prepared and filled with the materials. Samples were radiographed together with samples of dentine and an aluminium stepwedge. Images were obtained using E‐speed films, Digora storage phosphor plates and Schick CDR CCD sensor. Conventional radiographs were digitized using a desktop scanner. Mean grey values of the materials, stepwedge and dentine were measured using the histogram analysis function of Photoshop 7.0. A graph of radiographic density versus thickness of the aluminium was drawn for each image from which the radiographic densities of the materials were determined in relation to the aluminium thickness. The mean was calculated, and the data were analysed using repeated measures anova and Bonferroni tests (P < 0.05).Results  There were significant differences between different imaging modalities (P = 0.018) and root filling materials (P < 0.001). A statistically significant interaction between imaging modality and material was also observed (P < 0.001). All materials had radiopacity above 3 mm of aluminium regardless of the imaging technique. The radiopacity of Resilon and Epiphany was significantly higher on digital images compared with digitized E‐speed film images (P < 0.001).Conclusion  The choice of imaging system may effect radiopacity measurements. It is possible that radiopacity as recorded on traditional or digitized films is not indicative of the radiopacity as recorded on a digital sensor.
Iron‐mediated lipid oxidation in 70% fish oil‐in‐water emulsions: effect of emulsifier type and pH
Authors: Horn Anna F. , Nielsen Nina S. , Jacobsen Charlotte 
Published: March 2012

SummaryThe objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of five different emulsifiers on iron‐mediated lipid oxidation in 70% fish oil‐in‐water emulsions. The emulsifiers were either based on protein (whey protein isolate and sodium caseinate) or based on phospholipid (soy lecithin and two milk phospholipids with different phospholipid contents, MPL20 and MPL75). Lipid oxidation was studied at pH 4.5 and 7.0, and results were compared to lipid oxidation in neat fish oil. Results showed that all emulsions oxidised more than neat oil. Furthermore, emulsions prepared with proteins oxidised more at low pH than at high pH, and casein emulsions oxidised the least (Peroxide value (PV) at day 7 was 0.5–0.7 meq kg−1). Among emulsions prepared with phospholipids, emulsions with MPL75 were the most oxidised followed by emulsions prepared with lecithin and MPL20. Thus, PV in MPL75 emulsions was 5.0–5.5 meq kg−1 at day 7 compared with 0.9–1.9 meq kg−1 in MPL20 emulsions.
Application of response surface methodology to optimise supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of oil from rapeseed (Brassica napusL.)
Authors: Yu Jing , Wang Jing , Liu Chunming , Liu Zhiqiang , Wang Qiang 
Published: March 2012

SummarySupercritical CO2fluid extraction technology was used to extract oil from rapeseed. Extraction temperature, pressure, time and the sample particle size were selected and optimised by response surface methodology. Conventional solvent extraction was applied as a comparative method. The maximum extraction yield of 32.65 ± 1.01% was achieved at a temperature of 40 °C and a pressure of 345 bar, using an extraction time of 3 h and a 60‐mesh particle size. The chemical compositions of rapeseed oil using esterification method were investigated by GC–MS. The result indicates that the main fatty acids are palmitic acid (2.60%), oleic acid (16.54%), linoleic acid (9.62%), linolenic acid (4.77%), eicosenoic acid (11.20%) and erucic acid (47.09%), respectively. Supercritical fluid extraction has been proved to be an effective technique for extracting oil fromBrassica napusL.
Effect of the degree of fusariosis on the physical characteristics of individual wheat kernels
Authors: Grabowski Andrzej , Siuda Ryszard , Lenc Leszek , Jaroszuk‐Ściseł Jolanta 
Published: March 2012

SummaryThis work aims to determine dependencies of single‐kernel (SK) physical traits on the kernel degree of fusariosis. The measurements were taken on samples of grain of six wheat varieties cultivated during 1–3 years. For SK mass, volume and width this dependence resulted in lowered (by at least ten to more than 25% for mass and volume, and ca. 5 to more than 15% for width) values in Fusarium culmorum infested grain as compared with the non‐inoculated control. In addition, moderately infested kernels tended to be of higher mass and size than kernels with no symptoms of infestation. An unexpected effect was a lack of dependence of SK density on the degree of infestation. Moisture content was lower for infested kernels by 6–8%, hardness tended to increase a little for moderate infestation, while it noticeable decreased for the heaviest infestation.
A review of the current status of cultural and rapid detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Authors: Bisha Bledar , Simonson Janet , Janes Marlene , Bauman Kellie , Goodridge Lawrence D. 
Published: March 2012

SummaryVibrio parahaemolyticus is ubiquitous in estuarine environments and can be commonly found in seafood products. This bacterial pathogen continues to emerge as an important cause of foodborne illness, and several foodborne disease outbreaks caused by V. parahaemolyticus have been linked to the consumption of contaminated seafood, in particular those consumed raw such as oysters. In response to these outbreaks, especially during the 1990s, several cultural, immunological‐based and molecular detection methods have been developed, which allow for rapid detection and quantification of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus. The development of molecular methodology has allowed for clinical and environmental isolates of V. parahaemolyticus to be subtyped, thus providing the framework for risk‐based strategies aimed at controlling foodborne outbreaks cause by this pathogen. It is important that the detection and typing methods strive to accomplish detection and differentiation of the pathogenic strains from environmental (non‐pathogenic) ones, as well as to detect the presence of the organism and not just the presence of V. parahaemolyticus produced toxins, which can also be produced by closely related species. This review covers the current status of detection and typing methodology for identification and characterisation of V. parahaemolyticus from seafood.