bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of One Stroke Survivor's Transition into Vocational Experiences
Authors: Gustafsson Louise , Turpin Merrill 
Published: June 2012

Background and Aims: Return to work presents a unique transition for the person with mild stroke who is often unsupported and does not anticipate difficulties from hidden impairments. The aim of this study was to explore the return to work experience from the perspective of one person with mild stroke.Methods: An inductive thematic analysis was undertaken with a narrative of e-mail correspondence from a person with mild stroke. The analysis follows the participant from three to six years after stroke during a process of upskilling and training for return to work.Results: The female participant was 32 years old at the time of stroke and returned to tertiary studies after experiencing difficulties with initial return to work. Four themes emerged from the analysis of the narrative: I don't know which identity to choose, My anxieties and reactions, I need support and structure, and I am exhausted.Discussion: The results demonstrate the impact of hidden impairments on the struggle to reconcile a past with present identity. The process of reconciliation was ongoing and dependent on work-based experiences that enhanced understanding of strengths and limitations, and required adaptations. The impact of fatigue on performance in work and non-work time was highlighted.
Leafwise homotopy equivalences and leafwise Sobolov spaces
Authors: Benameur Moulay-Tahar , Heitsch James L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe prove that a leafwise homotopy equivalence between compact foliated manifolds induces a well defined bounded operator between all Sobolov spaces of leafwise (for the natural foliations of the graphs of the original foliations) differential forms with coefficients in a leafwise flat bundle. We further prove that the associated map on the leafwise reduced L2 cohomology is an isomorphism which only depends on the leafwise homotopy class of the homotopy equivalence.
Hodge realizations of 1-motives and the derived Albanese
Authors: Vologodsky Vadim 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe prove that the embedding of the derived category of 1-motives up to isogeny into the triangulated category of effective Voevodsky motives, as well as its left adjoint functor LAlbℚ, commute with the Hodge realization. This result yields a new proof of the rational form of Deligne's conjecture on 1-motives.
K1 of Exact Categories by Mirror Image Sequences
Authors: Sherman Clayton 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe establish a presentation for K1 of any small exact category P, based on the notion of “mirror image sequence,” originally introduced by Grayson in 1979; as part of the proof, we show that every element of K1(P) arises from a mirror image sequence. This provides an alternative to Nenashev's presentation in terms of “double short exact sequences.”
Two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence in the small magnetic Prandtl number limit
Authors: Dritschel David G. , Tobias Steven M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this paper we introduce a new method for computations of two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence at low magnetic Prandtl number $\mathit{Pm}= \nu / \eta $. When $\mathit{Pm}\ll 1$, the magnetic field dissipates at a scale much larger than the velocity field. The method we utilize is a novel hybrid contour–spectral method, the ‘combined Lagrangian advection method’, formally to integrate the equations with zero viscous dissipation. The method is compared with a standard pseudo-spectral method for decreasing $\mathit{Pm}$ for the problem of decaying two-dimensional MHD turbulence. The method is shown to agree well for a wide range of imposed magnetic field strengths. Examples of problems for which such a method may prove invaluable are also given.
Intergenerational transmission of maltreatment and psychopathology: the
role of antenatal depression
Authors: Plant D. T. , Barker E. D. , Waters C. S. , Pawlby S. , Pariante C. M. 
Published: June 2012

BackgroundMaternal experience of childhood maltreatment and maternal antenatal depression
are both associated with offspring childhood maltreatment and offspring adjustment
problems. We have investigated the relative impact of maternal childhood
maltreatment and exposure to depression in utero on offspring
maltreatment and psychopathology.MethodThe sample included 125 families from the South London Child Development Study. A
prospective longitudinal design was used. Data on maternal childhood maltreatment,
maternal antenatal depression (36 weeks of pregnancy), offspring childhood
maltreatment (age 11 years) and offspring adolescent antisocial behaviour and
depression (ages 11 and 16 years) were obtained from parents and offspring through
clinical interview.ResultsMothers who experienced childhood maltreatment were significantly more likely to
be depressed during pregnancy [odds ratio (OR) 10.00]. Offspring of mothers who
experienced only childhood maltreatment or only antenatal depression were no more
at risk of being maltreated or having psychopathology; however, offspring of
mothers who experienced both maternal childhood maltreatment and antenatal
depression were exposed to significantly greater levels of childhood maltreatment
and exhibited significantly higher levels of adolescent antisocial behaviour
compared with offspring not so exposed. Furthermore, maternal childhood
maltreatment accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in offspring
childhood maltreatment in only those offspring exposed to depression in
utero.ConclusionsMaternal childhood maltreatment and maternal antenatal depression are highly
associated. The co-occurrence of both insults significantly increases the risk of
offspring adversity. The antenatal period is an optimum period to identify
vulnerable women and to provide interventions.
Diagnosis of the soft X-ray spectrum emitted by laser-plasmas using a spectroscopic photon sieve
Authors: Gao Yulin , Zhou Weimin , Wei Lai , Cao Leifeng , Zhu Xiaoli , Zhao Zongqing , Gu Yuqiu , Zhang Baohan , Xie Changqing 
Published: June 2012

AbstractLaser plasma experiments, which demonstrated the single order diffraction property of spectroscopic photon sieve (a novel single-order diffraction grating), were performed on the SILEX-I femto-second laser facility. High-intensity laser radiation was focused onto a Cu target to generate plasma. The spectra of soft X-ray from copper plasmas have been measured with spectroscopic photon sieve based spectrograph. The results show that the spectroscopic photon sieve is able to provide soft X-ray spectrum free from higher-order diffraction components. The measured spectra obtained with such a spectroscopic photon sieve need no unfolding process to extract higher-order diffraction interference.
The systemic right ventricle in congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries is different from the right ventricle in dextro-transposition after atrial switch: a cardiac magnetic resonance study
Authors: Grothoff Matthias , Fleischer Antje , Abdul-Khaliq Hashim , Hoffmann Janine , Lehmkuhl Lukas , Luecke Christian , Gutberlet Matthias 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackgroundPatients with a congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries show an increasing incidence of cardiac failure with age. In other systemic right ventricles, such as in dextro-transposition after atrial switch, excessive hypertrophy is a potential risk factor for impaired systolic function. In this trial, we sought to compare systemic function and volumes between patients with congenitally corrected transposition and those with dextro-transposition after atrial switch by using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.Methods and ResultsA total of 19 patients (nine male) with congenitally corrected transposition and 31 patients (21 male) with dextro-transposition after atrial switch were studied using a 1.5-Tesla scanner. Cine steady-state free-precession sequences in standard orientations were acquired for volumetric and functional imaging. Patient parameters were compared with those of a group of 25 healthy volunteers. Although patients with congenitally corrected transposition were older, they presented with higher right ventricular ejection fractions (p = 0.04) compared with patients with dextro-transposition. Patients with congenitally corrected transposition showed a weak negative correlation between age at examination and systemic ejection fraction (r = −0.18, p = 0.04) but no correlation between right ventricular myocardial mass index and ejection fraction. There was no significant difference in the right ventricular end-diastolic volumes between both patient groups.ConclusionAlthough patients with congenitally corrected transposition had a longer pressure load of the systemic right ventricle, ventricular function was better compared with that in patients with dextro-transposition after atrial switch. The results suggest that the systemic ventricles might have partly different physiologies. One difference could be the post-operative situation after atrial switch, which results in impaired atrial contribution to ventricular filling.
Das Psychopathy-Konzept bei Mädchen
Authors: Sevecke Kathrin , Franke Sebastian , Lehmkuhl Gerd , Krischer Maya K. 
Published: June 2012

Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Validität des Psychopathy-Konzepts bei delinquenten Mädchen und widmet sich der Frage, inwiefern sich Unterschiede zwischen Mädchen mit und ohne Psychopathy-Eigenschaften finden lassen. Anhand der Ergebnisse aus der Psychopathy-Checkliste Youth Version (PCL:YV) wurden 171 inhaftierte Mädchen (14 – 19 Jahre) in eine Gruppe mit hochausgeprägten Callous-unemotional Traits (CU-Gruppe), in eine mit hochausgeprägtem aggressiv-impulsivem Verhalten (Behavioral-Gruppe) sowie in eine Gruppe ohne Psychopathy-Eigenschaften eingeteilt und hinsichtlich allgemeiner Psychopathologie, ADHS, Traumatisierung, Heimaufenthalten sowie Gewaltdelikten mit Hilfe einfaktorieller ANOVAs verglichen. 30 % der Mädchen wiesen Psychopathy-Eigenschaften im Sinne von hochausgeprägten CU-Traits auf, 40 % zeigten ausschließlich extrem impulsiv-aggressives Verhalten. 15 % ließen sich aufgrund ihrer zu geringen Psychopathy-Ausprägung keiner Gruppe zuordnen, bei 15 % lagen keinerlei Auffälligkeiten vor. Sowohl die CU- als auch die Behavioral-Gruppe wiesen im Vergleich zu den Mädchen ohne Psychopathy signifikant mehr ADHS-Symptome sowie externalisierendes und internalisierendes Verhalten auf. Außerdem gaben sie mehr emotionale Misshandlung und mehr Heimaufenthalte an. Die beiden Psychopathy-Gruppen unterschieden sich nur dahingehend, dass die Behavioral-Gruppe signifikant mehr Gewaltstraftaten und Verurteilungen zeigten. Die gefundenen Unterschiede zwischen den delinquenten Mädchen mit hoch ausgeprägten Psychopathy-Eigenschaften im Vergleich zu denen ohne Psychopathy stärken die Annahme, dass es sich um ein valides Konzept handelt, welches eine spezifische Subgruppe unterscheiden kann. Gleichzeitig wird aufgrund der Heterogenität des Konzepts–Persönlichkeitsdimensionen sowie Verhaltensdimensionen–deutlich, dass eine differenzierte Betrachtung der Psychopathy-Dimensionen von übergeordneter Bedeutung ist.
Holocene sea‐level change and Antarctic melting history derived from geological observations and geophysical modeling along the Shimokita Peninsula, northern Japan
Authors: Yokoyama Yusuke , Okuno Jun'ichi , Miyairi Yosuke , Obrochta Stephen , Demboya Nobuhiro , Makino Yoshinori , Kawahata Hodaka 
Published: June 2012

A Mid to Late Holocene sea‐level record based on combined geomorphological, geological and micropaleontological observations was obtained from well‐developed wave cut benches subaerially exposed along the Shimokita Peninsula, northern Japan. Results indicate that the benches were formed during mid to late Holocene sea‐level transgressions, reaching a maximum highstand level of 2 m above present at about 4,000 years ago. This timing corresponds to an abrupt, order of magnitude decrease in sedimentation rate as recorded in a core recovered from proximal Mutsu Bay. In addition, glacio‐hydro‐isostatic adjustment due to crustal deformation in response to postglacial sea‐level rise was modeled, and results are consistent with the reconstructed local 2 m highstand. Given that meltwater contributions from the major North American and European ice sheets had largely ceased by 7,000 years ago, these independent lines of evidence, taken together, indicate that melting of the Antarctic ice sheet ended by 4,000 years ago.
Sardine biomass is poorly correlated with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation off California
Authors: McClatchie Sam 
Published: June 2012

Pacific sardines (Sardinops sagax) fluctuate widely in abundance over interannual to multidecadal time scales. For Pacific sardines, there have been repeated attempts to link fluctuations in biomass to indices of climatic variability, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Correlations between the PDO with periods of 40–76 years, and sardine biomass with periods of 40–70 years, have been inferred using 90‐year time series (e.g. 1920–2010). The inferred correlations cannot be tested because the long‐period fluctuations are outside the observation window that can be analysed statistically, i.e. the period (40–76 years) is greater than half the length of the series (45 years). To date, there has been no attempt to test the relationship between low‐frequency fluctuations of sardine biomass and the PDO using longer paleoclimatic time series proxies for sardine biomass and the PDO. Here we use a 370‐year record of paleoclimatic proxies to show that fluctuations in sardine biomass off California are not related to the PDO, despite the appearance of correlation in the 90‐year record from 1920 to the present day.
Wp index: A new substorm index derived from high‐resolution geomagnetic field data at low latitude
Authors: Nosé M. , Iyemori T. , Wang L. , Hitchman A. , Matzka J. , Feller M. , Egdorf S. , Gilder S. , Kumasaka N. , Koga K. , Matsumoto H. , Koshiishi H. , Cifuentes‐Nava G. , Curto J. J. , Segarra A. , Çelik C. 
Published: June 2012

Geomagnetic field data with high time resolution (typically 1 s) have recently become more commonly acquired by ground stations. Such high time resolution data enable identifying Pi2 pulsations which have periods of 40–150 s and irregular (damped) waveforms. It is well‐known that pulsations of this type are clearly observed at mid‐ and low‐latitude ground stations on the nightside at substorm onset. Therefore, with 1‐s data from multiple stations distributed in longitude around the Earth's circumference, substorm onset can be regularly monitored. In the present study we propose a new substorm index, the Wp index (Wave and planetary), which reflects Pi2 wave power at low‐latitude, using geomagnetic field data from 11 ground stations. We compare the Wp index with the AE and ASY indices as well as the electron flux and magnetic field data at geosynchronous altitudes for 11 March 2010. We find that significant enhancements of the Wp index mostly coincide with those of the other data. Thus the Wp index can be considered a good indicator of substorm onset. The Wp index, other geomagnetic indices, and geosynchronous satellite data are plotted in a stack for quick and easy search of substorm onset. The stack plots and digital data of the Wp index are available at the Web site (http://s‐cubed.info) for public use. These products would be useful to investigate and understand space weather events, because substorms cause injection of intense fluxes of energetic electrons into the inner magnetosphere and potentially have deleterious impacts on satellites by inducing surface charging.
Host genetic and environmental effects on mouse intestinal microbiota
Authors: Campbell James H , Foster Carmen M , Vishnivetskaya Tatiana , Campbell Alisha G , Yang Zamin K , Wymore Ann , Palumbo Anthony V , Chesler Elissa J , Podar Mircea 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The mammalian gut harbors complex and variable microbial communities, across both host phylogenetic space and conspecific individuals. A synergy of host genetic and environmental factors shape these communities and account for their variability, but their individual contributions and the selective pressures involved are still not well understood. We employed barcoded pyrosequencing of V1-2 and V4 regions of bacterial small subunit ribosomal RNA genes to characterize the effects of host genetics and environment on cecum assemblages in 10 genetically distinct, inbred mouse strains. Eight of these strains are the foundation of the Collaborative Cross (CC), a panel of mice derived from a genetically diverse set of inbred founder strains, designed specifically for complex trait analysis. Diversity of gut microbiota was characterized by complementing phylogenetic and distance-based, sequence-clustering approaches. Significant correlations were found between the mouse strains and their gut microbiota, reflected by distinct bacterial communities. Cohabitation and litter had a reduced, although detectable effect, and the microbiota response to these factors varied by strain. We identified bacterial phylotypes that appear to be discriminative and strain-specific to each mouse line used. Cohabitation of different strains of mice revealed an interaction of host genetic and environmental factors in shaping gut bacterial consortia, in which bacterial communities became more similar but retained strain specificity. This study provides a baseline analysis of intestinal bacterial communities in the eight CC progenitor strains and will be linked to integrated host genotype, phenotype and microbiota research on the resulting CC panel.
One millimetre makes the difference: high-resolution analysis of methane-oxidizing bacteria and their specific activity at the oxic–anoxic interface in a flooded paddy soil
Authors: Reim Andreas , Lüke Claudia , Krause Sascha , Pratscher Jennifer , Frenzel Peter 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Aerobic methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) use a restricted substrate range, yet &gt;30 species-equivalent operational taxonomical units (OTUs) are found in one paddy soil. How these OTUs physically share their microhabitat is unknown. Here we highly resolved the vertical distribution of MOB and their activity. Using microcosms and cryosectioning, we sub-sampled the top 3-mm of a water-saturated soil at near in situ conditions in 100-μm steps. We assessed the community structure and activity using the particulate methane monooxygenase gene pmoA as a functional and phylogenetic marker by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-RFLP), a pmoA-specific diagnostic microarray, and cloning and sequencing. pmoA genes and transcripts were quantified using competitive reverse transcriptase PCR combined with t-RFLP. Only a subset of the methanotroph community was active. Oxygen microprofiles showed that 89% of total respiration was confined to a 0.67-mm-thick zone immediately above the oxic–anoxic interface, most probably driven by methane oxidation. In this zone, a Methylobacter-affiliated OTU was highly active with up to 18 pmoA transcripts per cell and seemed to be adapted to oxygen and methane concentrations in the micromolar range. Analysis of transcripts with a pmoA-specific microarray found a Methylosarcina-affiliated OTU associated with the surface zone. High oxygen but only nanomolar methane concentrations at the surface suggested an adaptation of this OTU to oligotrophic conditions. No transcripts of type II methanotrophs (Methylosinus, Methylocystis) were found, which indicated that this group was represented by resting stages only. Hence, different OTUs within a single guild shared the same microenvironment and exploited different niches.
The metatranscriptome of a deep-sea hydrothermal plume is dominated by water column methanotrophs and lithotrophs
Authors: Lesniewski Ryan A , Jain Sunit , Anantharaman Karthik , Schloss Patrick D , Dick Gregory J 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Microorganisms mediate geochemical processes in deep-sea hydrothermal vent plumes, which are a conduit for transfer of elements and energy from the subsurface to the oceans. Despite this important microbial influence on marine geochemistry, the ecology and activity of microbial communities in hydrothermal plumes is largely unexplored. Here, we use a coordinated metagenomic and metatranscriptomic approach to compare microbial communities in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal plumes to background waters above the plume and in the adjacent Carmen Basin. Despite marked increases in plume total RNA concentrations (3–4 times) and microbially mediated manganese oxidation rates (15–125 times), plume and background metatranscriptomes were dominated by the same groups of methanotrophs and chemolithoautotrophs. Abundant community members of Guaymas Basin seafloor environments (hydrothermal sediments and chimneys) were not prevalent in the plume metatranscriptome. De novo metagenomic assembly was used to reconstruct genomes of abundant populations, including Marine Group I archaea, Methylococcaceae, SAR324 Deltaproteobacteria and SUP05 Gammaproteobacteria. Mapping transcripts to these genomes revealed abundant expression of genes involved in the chemolithotrophic oxidation of ammonia (amo), methane (pmo) and sulfur (sox). Whereas amo and pmo gene transcripts were abundant in both plume and background, transcripts of sox genes for sulfur oxidation from SUP05 groups displayed a 10–20-fold increase in plumes. We conclude that the biogeochemistry of Guaymas Basin hydrothermal plumes is mediated by microorganisms that are derived from seawater rather than from seafloor hydrothermal environments such as chimneys or sediments, and that hydrothermal inputs serve as important electron donors for primary production in the deep Gulf of California.
Genome-enabled transcriptomics reveals archaeal populations that drive nitrification in a deep-sea hydrothermal plume
Authors: Baker Brett J , Lesniewski Ryan A , Dick Gregory J 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA) are among the most abundant microorganisms in the oceans and have crucial roles in biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen and carbon. To better understand AOA inhabiting the deep sea, we obtained community genomic and transcriptomic data from ammonium-rich hydrothermal plumes in the Guaymas Basin (GB) and from surrounding deep waters of the Gulf of California. Among the most abundant and active lineages in the sequence data were marine group I (MGI) Archaea related to the cultured autotrophic ammonia-oxidizer, Nitrosopumilus maritimus. Assembly of MGI genomic fragments yielded 2.9 Mb of sequence containing seven 16S rRNA genes (95.4–98.4% similar to N. maritimus), including two near-complete genomes and several lower-abundance variants. Equal copy numbers of MGI 16S rRNA genes and ammonia monooxygenase genes and transcription of ammonia oxidation genes indicates that all of these genotypes actively oxidize ammonia. De novo genomic assembly revealed the functional potential of MGI populations and enhanced interpretation of metatranscriptomic data. Physiological distinction from N. maritimus is evident in the transcription of novel genes, including genes for urea utilization, suggesting an alternative source of ammonia. We were also able to determine which genotypes are most active in the plume. Transcripts involved in nitrification were more prominent in the plume and were among the most abundant transcripts in the community. These unique data sets reveal populations of deep-sea AOA thriving in the ammonium-rich GB that are related to surface types, but with key genomic and physiological differences.