bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stage at diagnosis and survival among adult patients with cancer in Rwanda: A population‐based study
Authors: Hagenimana Marc , Motlhale Melitah , Parkin Donald Maxwell , Businge Lydia , Bardot Aude , Liu Biying , Anastos Kathryn , Castle Philip E. , Murenzi Gad , Claire Kimilu , Sabushimike Daniel , Cyuzuzo Callixte , Kubwiana Gallican , Maniragaba Theoneste , Uwinkindi Francois , Paczkowski Maggie , Soerjomataram Isabelle 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere are marked disparities in cancer survival in low‐income countries compared to high‐income countries, yet population‐based data in the first is largely lacking. In this study, data from the national cancer registry of Rwanda were examined for 542 patients diagnosed with eight of the most common cancers of adults stomach (C16), colorectum (C18‐20), liver (C22), breast (female) (C50), cervix (C53), ovary (C56), prostate (C61), and non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (C82‐85) between 2014 and 2017. Subjects were randomly selected for active followed‐up to calculate 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year observed and relative survival (RS) by cancer type and stage. Overall, 53.7% of cases had died within 5 years of diagnosis. Five‐year RS varied by malignancy and ranged from 17.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.7%–32.6%) for liver cancer to 68% (CI: 51.6%–79.8%) for cancers of the prostate. Stage was assigned for 71.6% of patients (n = 388 of 542), with over half (58%) having advanced stage (III/IV) at diagnosis. For all except liver and ovary, stage was a strong predictor of survival; for example, three‐year observed survival was 90.9% and 44.8% (p‐value: .002) for early and advanced breast cancer, respectively. This study demonstrates that stage specific survival can be obtained from population based cancer registries in sub Saharan Africa, data that are invaluable for international benchmarking, and for local planning and evaluation of cancer control programs.
Similarities in the US Department of Agriculture international baseline projections
Authors: Chandio Rabail , Katchova Ani L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe US Department of Agriculture (USDA) international baseline projections are crucial for US agricultural policy. Using a dynamic time warping algorithm, we examine whether corn, soybean, and wheat baselines exhibit a lack of significant distance indicating similarity in projections across countries. We then examine whether projections for countries with more similarity with the United States projections exhibit higher projection errors. We discover evidence of projections being similar to the United States, which is associated with lower errors for corn yield, harvested area, and exports and wheat import projections, but not for other variables. These findings offer valuable insights for USDA and stakeholders.
Comparison of the impact of longitudinal body mass index changes on cardiac arrest risk between normal and overweight populations
Authors: Kim Youn‐Jung , Kim Min‐Ju , Kim Ye‐Jee , Kim Won Young 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundBeing overweight is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of longitudinal changes in body mass index (BMI) on the risk of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) remains unclear, especially among overweight populations.MethodsThis nested case–control study utilized data from the Korean National Health Information Database between 2009 and 2018. A total of 23 453 OHCA patients, who underwent national health check‐ups within 1 and 2–4 years before OHCA occurrence, and 31 686 controls, who underwent similar national health check‐ups, were included. The study population was matched for sex, age and survival status. Conditional logistic regression was employed to analyse the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of each BMI per cent change in assessing the risk of OHCA occurrence within 1 year.ResultsA reverse J‐shaped association between BMI per cent change and OHCA risk was observed, even among overweight populations. Among the overweight populations, weight loss significantly increased OHCA risk, with ORs (95% CI) of 4.10 (3.23–5.20) for severe weight loss (BMI decrease > 15%), 2.72 (2.33–3.17) for moderate weight loss (BMI decrease 10–15%) and 1.46 (1.35–1.59) for mild weight loss (BMI decrease 5–10%). Conversely, mild weight gain (BMI increase 5–10%) did not significantly increase OHCA risk. The impact of weight changes on the occurrence of OHCA differed by sex, being more prominent in males.ConclusionsSignificant weight changes within a 4‐year period increase the risk of OHCA with a reverse J‐shaped association, even among overweight and obese individuals. Maintaining a stable weight could be a reliable public health strategy irrespective of the weight status, particularly for males.
Optimizing MMIC performance: The synergy of AI models and heterogeneous integration process
Authors: Liu Jie , Chen Jiayu , Wu Yifan , Su Guodong , Wang Junchao , Xu Yuehang , Liu Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents a novel approach for optimizing the parameters of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) functional units using machine‐learning techniques and multi‐objective optimization algorithms. We utilize advanced machine‐learning methods, including random forest, artificial neural networks (ANNs), and recurrent neural networks (RNNs), to construct highly accurate models that predict the performance of these units. These models are subsequently integrated with a multi‐objective optimization algorithm, specifically the multi‐objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), to generate inverse design solutions for both the geometric designs of the units and the fabrication parameters of the heterogeneous integration process. Our approach, which has been validated through chip fabrication and testing, has demonstrated its robustness as a tool for achieving optimal MMIC designs. It not only reduces the design time but also enhances the manufacturability of MMICs, thereby opening new avenues in microwave and RF circuit design.
Sensitivity, linearity, and noise evaluation of L‐shaped dielectrically modulated label free tunnel field‐effect transistor biosensor
Authors: Singh Sruti Suvadarsini , Sahu Prasanna Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis research article examines a L‐shaped dielectrically modulated label free TFET (L‐DM‐TFET) biosensor for the purpose of detecting different biomolecules using a label‐free biosensing detection technique. The proposed structure allows for the recognition of biomolecules by modulating various electrical properties, such as the drain current, transconductance, and linearity parameters. The source region of the proposed TFET incorporates a SiGe (source)/Si (channel) heterojunction, utilizing a low bandgap material of SiGe. This heterojunction is employed to enhance the ON‐state current of the devices. The materials used and the fabrication steps involved in our proposed device are compatible with complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technology. This analysis is conducted using a calibrated Silvaco technology computer‐aided design (TCAD) simulator. Additionally, by considering a dielectric constant range of 1–12, we calculate various figure of merits (FOMs) parameters for the device. These include evaluation of linearity, sensitivity, and noise characteristics. Furthermore, we have conducted an analysis of linearity FOMs, such as VIP2, VIP3, IIP3, and IMD3 for the proposed device under study. Additionally, the linearity analysis of the presented tunneling FET (TFET) indicates the device's excellent performance in distortionless switching operations. Consequently, the L‐shaped dielectrically modulated biosensor holds potential suitability for high‐speed circuit designs.
The correlation of long‐range Saharan dust advections with the precipitation and radiative budget in the Central Mediterranean
Authors: Silvestri Lorenzo , Petroselli Chiara , Saraceni Miriam , Crocchianti Stefano , Cappelletti David , Cerlini Paolina Bongioannini 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work analyses 10 years (from 2009 to 2018) of long‐range Saharan dust advections (SDAs) and their correlation with the precipitation and radiative budget over the Central Mediterranean region. The identification of the SDAs is based on back‐trajectories (BTs) of air mass and complementary measurements of the dust deposited at the site of Monte Martano in Central Italy. The associated synoptic circulation weather types (CWT), precipitation and radiation variables have been estimated by using ERA5 and CAMS reanalysis, satellite data and raingauge observations. It is found that the 50% of all SDAs occur under a CWT characterized by an upper level trough over the Western Mediterranean and a high‐pressure system over the Eastern Mediterranean. Strong southerly winds, large vertical integral of water vapour transport and a positive anomaly of 2 m temperature are associated with dust uplift and transport. The effect of dust on rainfall intensity puts forward the important modulation of the aerosol effects on the radiative budget with a latitudinal dependence. On dusty days, intense rainfall increases over the northern Central Mediterranean and light rainfall is suppressed in the southern Central Mediterranean, pointing out a relevant correlation between dust and the intensification of extreme events. Other than affecting rainfall intensity, the stronger surface heating over the southern Central Mediterranean, which is correlated to a higher dust optical depth, causes a local maximum of sea surface temperature (SST) and near‐surface temperature anomaly.
How Does Perceived Innovation Importance Underpin the Association Between Deliberate Practice and Employee Creative Behavior
Authors: Yu Shichao , Ayub Arslan , Fatima Tehreem , Hasnain Amna 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTIn the pursuit of innovation, the critical role of deliberate practice in enhancing employee creative behavior is examined, considering the influences of harmonious entrepreneurial passion and the importance employees perceive in innovation within their organizations. This investigation, grounded in self‐determination theory (SDT) and social cognitive theory, proposes a model where deliberate practice impacts employee creative behavior through the mediating effect of harmonious entrepreneurial passion and is further amplified by the level of perceived innovation importance. The study uses a multisource, three‐wave data collection technique to gather data from employees working in software houses in Pakistan. The study utilizes SmartPLS (v 4.0) to assess the measurement and structural models. The findings reveal that deliberate practice has a significant positive impact on employee creative behavior. Besides, harmonious entrepreneurial passion mediates the link between deliberate practice and employee creative behavior. In addition, the results confirm the interaction effect of perceived innovation importance. The positive influence of deliberate practice on employee creative behavior through the mediating role of harmonious entrepreneurial passion is more potent at higher levels of perceived innovation importance. The study presents several important theoretical and practical implications.
New technology and working methods to improve healthcare for suspected malignant skin lesions: Implementation of teledermatoscopy in comprehensive healthcare
Authors: Nemlander E. , Schultz K. , Nilsson G. H. , Lapins J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundSuspected malignant skin lesions are common and challenging in terms of diagnostic accuracy and lead time. Efficient use of teledermatoscopy has the potential to improve these factors.ObjectivesThis report aims to explore the implementation of teledermatoscopy for quality improvement in a comprehensive healthcare system.MethodsA stepwise implementation started in 2012 in the Stockholm Region, Sweden, serving 2.4 million inhabitants across approximately 240 primary healthcare centres. The full‐scale implementation occurred from May 2021 to February 2023, utilising a double‐reading teledermatoscopy system. The RE‐AIM framework (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance) guided the evaluation, including measures such as participant engagement, referrals, diagnoses, staff participation, and centres going on post‐implementation. Descriptive statistics were used.ResultsIn the full‐scale implementation period, 10,862 referrals were transmitted, with 17% recommended for biopsy or excision. Among these, 282 (15%) were confirmed melanomas and 516 (28%) non‐melanoma skin cancers. Challenges were observed during the stepwise phase, particularly in engaging primary healthcare and establishing dermatologic consultation capacity. However, all centres and 1263 primary care physicians participated in the fully scaled implementation. Challenges included contractual compliance, adopting a collective system perspective, effective management transition of referrals, cost allocation, and communication improvements. Six months post‐study, most centres used the system, with around 1500 monthly referrals.ConclusionsThe evaluation revealed the overall satisfactory performance of the teledermatoscopy system in terms of reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance during the fully scaled phase. Results underscore the effectiveness of a stepwise implementation to successfully address contextual challenges. The findings emphasise the system's potential for a broader patient outreach. In conclusion, implementation of teledermatoscopy for quality improvement in a comprehensive healthcare system is an organisational challenge but has the potential to improve healthcare quality for suspected malignant skin lesions.
Experimental Realization of a One‐Directional Broadband Transmissive Cloak in Microwaves
Authors: Li Ruichen , Huang Min , Zou Yijun , Zheng Bin , Luo Caofei , Shen Lian , Jin Hui , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHiding an isolated object in free space using a transmissive invisibility cloak has become a significant research area, propelled by advancements in metamaterials and transformation optics over the past decade. Despite the availability of various simplified methods for implementing transmissive cloaks, issues such as impedance mismatches and narrow working bandwidths often arise, posing challenges. Achieving a broadband transmissive cloak in free space has proven to be particularly arduous. This study presents a near‐perfect one‐directional broadband transmissive cloak constructed from multilayer metasurfaces of arbitrary shapes, showcasing superior performance across a broadband frequency range. The phase distribution of the metasurfaces and the efficacy of the transmissive cloak are assessed using the generalized Snell's law. An experimental near‐perfect broadband transmissive cloak is successfully demonstrated to operate within the frequency range of 8.5 to 11.2 GHz. This study contributes to reducing the density and mass of cloaks, thereby facilitating the expansion of cloaking capabilities in various directions and across different frequency bands.
Crystallographic Engineering to Develop Ultra‐Narrow‐Band Cyan‐Emitting UCr4C4‐Type Phosphor for Healthy LED Lighting and Display
Authors: Wan Yujia , Dang Peipei , Liu Dongjie , Lian Hongzhou , Li Guogang , Lin Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNarrow‐band cyan‐emitting materials for white light‐emitting diode (wLED) application have shown great potential in increasing the maximum accessible display gamut and improving the color rendering of full‐spectrum healthy lighting. However, the discovery of novel narrow‐band cyan emitters with excellent luminescence performances remains challenging. Here, an ultra‐narrow‐band cyan‐emitting Na5K3(Li3SiO4)8:Eu2+ (N5K3:Eu2+) phosphor (λem = 483 nm) with full width at half maximum (FWHM) of only 18 nm is developed from some typical UCr4C4 frameworks phosphors by slightly modifying crystal structure and symmetry. Through controllable regulation of the ratio of Na and K from Na4K4(Li3SiO4)8:Eu2+ (N4K4:Eu2+) and Na6K2(Li3SiO4)8:Eu2+ (N6K2:Eu2+) to N5K3:Eu2+, the lattice sites forming shoulder peaks are further squeezed to generate the narrowest cyan emission. Moreover, the N5K3:Eu2+ exhibits low photoluminescence thermal quenching (90%@150 °C) and high internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of 50%. The color rendering index of wLED for full‐spectrum health lighting is enhanced from 92 to 94. Using this short‐wavelength cyan emission instead of a part of the emission from a blue chip can effectively prevent “blue hazard”. This work provides basic principles for the design of ultra‐narrow‐band phosphors, thus achieving their applications in the fields of healthy lighting and eye‐friendly display.
Plakophilin 1 in carcinogenesis
Authors: Luo Qiang , Li Xiaojia , Xie Keping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlakophilin 1 (PKP1) belongs to the desmosome family as an anchoring junction protein in cellular junctions. It localizes at the interface of the cell membrane and cytoplasm. Although PKP1 is a non‐transmembrane protein, it may become associated with the cell membrane via transmembrane proteins such as desmocollins and desmogleins. Homozygous deletion of PKP1 results in ectodermal dysplasia‐skin fragility syndrome (EDSF) and complete knockout of PKP1 in mice produces comparable symptoms to EDSF in humans, although mice do not survive more than 24 h. PKP1 is not limited to expression in desmosomal structures, but is rather widely expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus, where it assumes important cellular functions. This review will summarize distinct roles of PKP1 in the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus with an overview of relevant studies on its function in diverse types of cancer.
Using environmental DNA to elucidate range expansion of bigheaded carp in two Missouri River tributaries in eastern South Dakota
Authors: LaBrie Lindsey A. P. , Wesner Jeff S. , Britten Hugh B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
We used environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling methods to determine the possibility of Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix (hereafter, bigheaded carp) range expansion above barriers to fish movement in two tributaries of the Missouri River in eastern South Dakota.

Methods
We collected water samples above and below two perceived barriers to fish movement: a natural chain of waterfalls in the Big Sioux River and a spillway at the downstream end of a man-made reservoir in the Vermillion River. We used filtration methods to collect bigheaded carp eDNA from water samples and implemented real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction techniques to quantify the amount of eDNA in each sample. A total of 198 water samples and 35 field blanks were collected over 2 years (2021 and 2022).

Result
We detected bigheaded carp eDNA below both barriers in 2021 and 2022 and above the barrier in the Vermillion River during 2022. The median posterior prediction value for detecting eDNA below both barriers was 75.3% (95% credible interval [CrI] = 73.2–77.2%) for Bighead Carp eDNA and 54.2% (95% CrI = 51.5–56.4%) for Silver Carp eDNA. The probability of detecting eDNA above the barriers was significantly smaller: 1% (95% CrI = 0.01–1.10%) in the Big Sioux River and 1% (95% CrI = 0.01–1.30%) in the Vermillion River.

Conclusion
The detection of positive samples above the spillway barrier in the Vermillion River provides the first evidence that bigheaded carp may have expanded their range to habitats upstream of their documented range in eastern South Dakota.
Equisetum arvense and nano zinc oxide‐infused polycaprolactone scaffolds: A multifaceted approach for antibacterial, antioxidant, and hemocompatible wound dressing
Authors: Chinijani Turan Hassanzadeh , Afza Saba , Yousefiasl Satar , Manoochehri Hamed , Pourmotabed Samiramis , Arabestani Mohammadreza , Makvandi Pooyan , Sharifi Esmaeel , Esfahani Hamid 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn appropriate skin tissue‐engineered scaffold can act promptly to combat microbial infection and preserve the wound throughout all phases of healing. To achieve sufficient healing, scaffolds should also promote cell proliferation and regeneration. Therefore, it has become essential to develop skin tissue engineering scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrices of the skin, provide a high porosity scaffold structure, and act as an antimicrobial protection during wound healing. In this study, the polycaprolactone (PCL) electrospun scaffold was modified with optimal amounts of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and Equisetum arvense (EA) herbal extract for potential application as antibacterial and wound healing scaffolds. Full characterization was carried out for fabricated scaffolds before in‐vitro assessments. FTIR spectroscopy and SEM images verified the successful substitution of nanofibers with EA and ZnO. These substitutions increased the hydrophilicity compared to the PCL scaffold. According to the results, the PCL/ZnO/EA fabricated scaffold was hemocompatible and non‐cytotoxic, in addition to allowing proper cell attachment. Effective antibacterial efficiency against Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria was also observed in this sample. Finally, the in vitro wound healing assay indicated that the addition of ZnO and EA improves the wound healing capacity of the scaffolds. The results indicate the potential of the developed scaffolds to prevent wound contamination and the complications of chronic infection.Highlights
Optimal concentrations of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) and Equisetum arvense (EA) were incorporated into electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers for potential wound dressing applications.
The fabricated nanofibrous wound dressings offer a multitude of structural features in biomaterials.
PCL fibers enable the controlled release of both ZnO and EA.
The fabricated scaffolds exhibit favorable antibacterial, and antioxidant properties while maintaining biocompatibility and hemocompatibility.
Assessing Machine Learning and Statistical Methods for Rock Glacier‐Based Permafrost Distribution in Northern Kargil Region
Authors: Mahanta Kirti Kumar , Pradhan Ipshita Priyadarsini , Gupta Sharad Kumar , Shukla Dericks Praise 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTEstimating permafrost distribution in high‐mountain areas is challenging. In these situations, rock glaciers, provide valuable insights into permafrost distribution and are often used as proxies for identifying permafrost occurrence. Integrating various climatological and topographical conditioning factors with rock glaciers enables inferring the distribution of permafrost in these environments. This study utilized three machine learning models such as random forest (RF), support vector (SVM), and artificial neural network (ANN), and one statistical model, namely, the frequency ratio (FR), to assess the permafrost probability over the northern Kargil region of Indian Himalayas. Among 198 rock glaciers identified through high‐resolution images from Google Earth, 70% are used as training dataset, rest 30% as testing dataset. The study considered eight factors: slope, aspect, elevation, curvature, mean annual land surface temperature (MA‐LST), mean annual normalized difference snow index (MA‐NDSI), mean annual normalized difference water index (MA‐NDWI), and lithology for mapping. Furthermore, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) test assessed the variable importance for model performance. The results revealed that the RF model performs best for permafrost probability mapping, followed by the SVM, FR, and ANN models. The study also found that 11% of the total geographic area has a high and very high probability of permafrost occurrence.