bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Food Intake and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/Luteinizing Hormone during Lactation: Role of Insulin and Leptin
Authors: Xu Jing , Kirigiti Melissa A. , Grove Kevin L. , Smith M. Susan 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Negative energy balance during lactation is reflected by low levels of insulin and leptin and is associated with chronic hyperphagia and suppressed GnRH/LH activity. We studied whether restoration of insulin and/or leptin to physiological levels would reverse the lactation-associated hyperphagia, changes in hypothalamic neuropeptide expression [increased neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AGRP) and decreased proopiomelanocortin (POMC), kisspeptin (Kiss1), and neurokinin B (NKB)] and suppression of LH. Ovariectomized lactating rats (eight pups) were treated for 48 h with sc minipumps containing saline, human insulin, or rat leptin. The arcuate nucleus (ARH) was analyzed for NPY, AGRP, POMC, Kiss1, and NKB mRNA expression; the dorsal medial hypothalamus (DMH) was analyzed for NPY mRNA. Insulin replacement reversed the increase in ARH NPY/AGRP mRNAs, partially recovered POMC, but had no effect on recovering Kiss1/NKB. Leptin replacement only affected POMC, which was fully recovered. Insulin/leptin dual replacement had similar effects as insulin replacement alone but with a slight increase in Kiss1/NKB. The lactation-induced increase in DMH NPY was unchanged after treatments. Restoration of insulin and/or leptin had no effect on food intake, body weight, serum glucose or serum LH. These results suggest that the negative energy balance of lactation is not required for the hyperphagic drive, although it is involved in the orexigenic changes in the ARH. The chronic hyperphagia of lactation is most likely sustained by the induction of NPY in the DMH. The negative energy balance also does not appear to be a necessary prerequisite for the suppression of GnRH/LH activity.
Salt-Inducible Kinase 1 in the Rat Pinealocyte: Adrenergic Regulation and Role in Arylalkylamine N-Acetyltransferase Gene Transcription
Authors: Kanyo R. , Price D. M. , Chik C. L. , Ho A. K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe recognition of the basic leucine zipper domain in the regulation of transcriptional activity of cAMP response element-binding protein by salt-inducible kinase (SIK) prompted our investigation of the regulatory role of this kinase in the induction of Aa-nat and other cAMP-regulated genes in the rat pineal gland. Here we report Sik1 expression was induced by norepinephrine (NE) in rat pinealocytes primarily through activation of β-adrenergic receptors, with a minor contribution from activation of α-adrenergic receptors. Treatments with dibutyryl cAMP, and to a lesser extent, agents that elevate intracellular Ca2+ mimicked the effect of NE on Sik1 expression. In parallel to the results of the pineal cell culture studies, a marked nocturnal induction of Sik1 transcription was found in whole-animal studies. Knockdown of Sik1 by short hairpin RNA amplified the NE-stimulated Aa-nat transcription and other adrenergic-regulated genes, including Mapk phosphatase 1, inducible cAMP repressor, and type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in a time-dependent manner. In contrast, overexpressing Sik1 had an inhibitory effect on the NE induction of Aa-nat and other adrenergic-regulated genes. Together, our results indicate that the adrenergic induction of Sik1 in the rat pineal gland is primarily through the β-adrenergic receptor → protein kinase A pathway. SIK1 appears to function as part of an endogenous repressive mechanism that regulates the peak and indirectly the duration of expression of Aa-nat and other cAMP-regulated genes. These findings support a role for SIK1 in framing the temporal expression profile of Aa-nat and other adrenergic-regulated genes in the rat pineal gland.
Protecting Home Health Care Workers: A Challenge to Pandemic Influenza Preparedness Planning
Authors: Baron Sherry , McPhaul Kathleen , Phillips Sally , Gershon Robyn , Lipscomb Jane 
Published: May 2009

The home health care sector is a critical element in a pandemic influenza emergency response. Roughly 85% of the 1.5 million workers delivering in-home care to 7.6 million clients are low-wage paraprofessionals, mostly women, and disproportionately members of racial and ethnic minorities. Home health care workers' ability and willingness to respond during a pandemic depends on appropriate communication, training, and adequate protections, including influenza vaccination and respiratory protection. Preparedness planning should also include support for child care and transportation and help home health care workers protect their income and access to health care. We summarize findings from a national stakeholder meeting, which highlighted the need to integrate home health care employers, workers, community advocates, and labor unions into the planning process.
Block tilting of the North Provence early Cretaceous carbonate margin: stratigraphic, sedimentologic and tectonic data
Authors: Masse Jean-Pierre , Villeneuve Michel , Leonforte Emmanuelle , Nizou Jean 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn the western part of the Castellane tectonic arc, the so-called “ Provence platform area “, corresponding to the foreland of the Alpine nappes (figs. 1–2), is marked by Tithonian-Berriasian shallow water carbonates capped by hemipelagic sediments deposited from the Valanginian up to the Aptian-Albian. A detailed biostratigraphic study of the Berriasian succession, based on calcareous algae and foraminifera, allows us to distinguish a Lower to Middle Berriasian, with Clypeina sulcata, Clypeina isabellae and Holosporella sarda, from an Upper Berriasian with Pfenderina neocomiensis, Danubiella cernavodensis, Falsolikanella campanensis and Macroporella praturloni (fig. 3). We performed a field survey of 30 sites located from Quinson to the west, and Escragnolles to the east (figs. 4–5) including the study of measured stratigraphic sections and the collection of samples for biostratigraphic interpretations. These stratigraphic investigations show that below the Valanginian beds, the Berriasian platfom carbonate succession, is locally incomplete, i.e. Upper Berriasian beds are frequently absent. During the Early and Middle Berriasian, depositional environments are marked by a strong bathymetric instability, with frequent subaerial exposure events, and a significant marine restriction; by contrast, during the Late Berriasian, the overall biological diversity increases and water agitation as well, which means a significant marine opening towards the basin. The Upper Berriasian hiatus is consequently regarded as the result of a Berriasian/Valanginian and/or a lowermost Valanginian erosion (fig. 6). The spatial distribution of complete or truncated Berriasian successions identifies east-west bands, in each band truncated series are located northward and complete series are located southward. Bands are limited by thrust or strip faults interpreted as palaeofaults reactivated during the Alpine orogeny (fig. 7). These fault-bounded blocks, 3 to 10 km in width, known as the Aiguine, La Palud-sur-Verdon, Carajuan-Audibergue and Peyroulles-La Foux blocks, are southerly rotated by 1 to 2o. We regard this structural architecture as the result of basinward tilting of blocks. Due to their rotation, the uplifted parts were eroded whereas the depressed parts were protected against erosion (fig. 8). Such a dynamic behavior reflects a distensive tectonic regime, which has been active at least during the Valanginian, that is after the drowning of the North-Provence carbonate platform. These structural events are considered as the regional expression of the Neocimmerian tectonic phase coupled with an enhancement of the Atlantic rifting. The orientation of the major Alpine structural elements (folds and faults) of the Castellane arc, is mostly inherited from these early Cretaceous tectonic events.
Isotopic (S, Sr, Sm/Nd, D, Pb) evidences for multiple sources in the Early Jurassic Chaillac F-Ba ore deposit (Indre, France)
Authors: Sizaret Stanislas , Marcoux Eric , Boyce Alice , Jebrak Michel , Stevenson Roos , Ellam Rob 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDuring the earliest Jurassic, a widespread hydrothermal event occurred in western Europe producing large veins and stratiform F-Ba-Pb-Zn ore deposits. Previous work argued about genetic processes involving circulation of mineralising brines. Two main alternative genetic models are proposed. The first one proposes a convection of brines through the crust to produce ore deposits, the second an early infiltration of brine in the basement followed by expulsion during Mesozoic extension. In the northern French Massif Central, new data on the F-Ba Chaillac deposit suggest that the genesis of these mineralising brines requires a new discussion.Located in the northern French Massif Central, the Chaillac barite and fluorite ore deposit is an exceptional site where a stratiform deposit is rooted onto a vein. The ore deposition is split in two stages: 1) precipitation of green and purple fluorite within the vein (Fg-p stage), with associated fluid inclusions indicating 135°C for deposition from a low salinity fluid, and 2) yellow fluorite and barite stage (Fy-Ba) filling the vein and forming the stratiform deposit. Fluid inclusions depict a mineralising brine at 110°C. The 87Sr/86Sr and 143Nd/144Nd isotopic ratios measured in the fluorite are compared to those of French Massif Central rocks. The ratios in green and purple fluorite are similar to those of monzogranite and granodiorite of the basement; those measured in yellow fluorite involve the granulites and other metamorphic rocks of the basement. Measurements of the Sr isotopic ratio and δ34SCDT in barite and δD in fluorite fluid inclusions suggest a deposition process by the mixing of a hydrothermal fluid with meteoric water.At the scale of the northern Massif Central district, the successive hydrothermal fluid salinities are highly contrasted as in Chaillac deposit. We propose that the two types of hydrothermal fluids have been produced by the boiling of a single fluid at depth.
Arterial embolisation and coiling for high-output heart failure and pulmonary hypertension ınduced by hepatic arteriovenous fistula in a patient with hereditary hemorrhagic telengiectasia
Authors: Açikgöz Sadık , Taçoy Gülten , Önal Baran , Yıldırım Beytullah , Çengel Atiye 
Published: May 2009

AbstractHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a genetic vascular disorder characterised by epistaxis, telangiectases, and visceral arteriovenous malformations. Hyperdynamic blood flow associated with arteriovenous malformations may lead to pulmonary hypertension, global heart failure, and valvular insufficiencies. We report a patient who had HHT with severe heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] class III-IV) and pulmonary hypertension caused by an hepatic arteriovenous fistula. After successful transarterial embolisation of the right branch of the hepatic artery with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) particles and coils, 4 to 7 mm in size, the patient was discharged with functional class II (NYHA) heart failure.
Laparoscopic management of chronic gastric volvulus: A case report
Authors: Ozcinar Beyza , Emek Ertan , Kecer Mustafa , Parlak Mesut , Asoglu Oktar 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Gastric volvulus (GV) is a rare pathological entity, which is difficult to diagnose, may rapidly progress to infarction and necrosis of the stomach, and can be fatal. A 68-year-old woman presented to the surgical outpatient clinic of Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, in August, 2006, with a 3-month history of nausea, vomiting, and recurrent abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed epigastric tenderness, but otherwise within normal limits. An urgent abdominal computed tomographic examination revealed only a paraesophageal hernia. A mesenteroaxial gastric volvulus with a large paraesophageal hernia was found on laparoscopy. The surgical procedure involved derotation of the stomach and closure of the paraesophageal hernia with a dual V-shaped graft gastropexy to the triangular ligament of liver; in addition, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed. We found that derotation of stomach and gastropexy to the triangular ligament is technically easy to perform and is a safe procedure in the treatment of gastric volvulus.
Endovascular coil embolization of anterior choroidal artery aneurysms
Authors: Kang Hyun-Seung , Kwon Bae Ju , Kwon O-Ki , Jung Cheolkyu , Kim Jeong Eun , Oh Chang Wan , Han Moon Hee 
Published: May 2009

Object
Anterior choroidal artery (AChA) aneurysms are difficult to treat, and the clinical outcome of patients is occasionally compromised by ischemic complications after clipping operations. The purpose of this study was to document the outcome and follow-up results of endovascular coil embolization in patients with AChA aneurysms.

Methods
Between July 1999 and March 2008, 88 patients with 90 AChA aneurysms (31 ruptured and 59 unruptured aneurysms) were treated with endovascular coil embolization in 91 sessions. There were 87 small aneurysms (< 10 mm) and 3 large aneurysms, with a mean aneurysm volume of 60.9 ± 83.3 mm3. Preprocedural oculomotor nerve palsy associated with AChA aneurysms was noted in 8 patients. Efficacy and safety were evaluated based on the degree of initial occlusion, procedure-related complications, patient outcome based on the Glasgow Outcome Scale score, and follow-up results.

Results
The degree of angiographic occlusion of the aneurysms was complete for 15 aneurysms (17%), near complete for 69 aneurysms (77%) and partial for 6 aneurysms (7%). There were 4 (4.4%) symptomatic procedure-related complications (3 thromboembolic events and 1 procedural hemorrhage). The procedural hemorrhage resulted in death; however, the thromboembolic events only caused transient deficits. A favorable outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 5 or 4) was achieved in 90% (79 of 88) of the patients at the time of discharge. No patient showed signs of bleeding or rebleeding during the follow-up period (mean 25 months). Major aneurysm recanalization occurred in 2 cases. The AChA aneurysm–associated oculomotor nerve palsy tended to become aggravated transiently after coil embolization and then completely recovered over the course of 2–9 months.

Conclusions
Coil embolization is a safe and effective treatment modality in cases of AChA aneurysms. Coil embolization enables procedural recognition of arterial compromise and immediate reestablishment of flow, thus contributing to a favorable outcome.
On‐Wafer Crystallization of Ultralow‐κ Pure Silica Zeolite Films
Authors: Liu Yan , Lew Christopher M. , Sun Minwei , Cai Rui , Wang Junlan , Kloster Grant , Boyanov Boyan , Yan Yushan 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA higher goal: An on‐wafer crystallization process to prepare pure silica zeolite (PSZ) MEL‐type films that is superior to the previously used hydrothermal process is reported. These striation‐free MEL‐type films (right, see picture) outperform the traditional spin‐on films (left) in terms of the κ value, mechanical properties, surface roughness, mesopore size, and size distribution.magnified image
Isolation and Hydrogenation of a Complex with a Terminal Iridium–Nitrido Bond
Authors: Schöffel Julia , Rogachev Andrey Yu. , DeBeer George Serena , Burger Peter 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn N for Ir: The synthesis and X‐ray crystal structure of a late‐transition‐metal complex with a terminal nitrido ligand and its hydrogenation to the related amido complex are reported (see scheme).magnified image
Weakened Hydrogen Bonds in Water Confined between Lipid Bilayers: The Existence of a Long‐Range Attractive Hydration Force
Authors: Arsov Zoran , Rappolt Michael , Grdadolnik Joze 
Published: May 2009

AbstractStronger or weaker H‐bonds? H‐bonds in interlamellar water in partially hydrated lipid multibilayers are stronger with respect to bulk water. In contrast, the authors show by ATR–FTIR spectroscopy that the H‐bonds are weaker in multibilayers in excess water (see spectra). This finding is of biological relevance for water‐mediated phenomena in membranes.magnified image
Injection of marinade with actinidin increases tenderness of porcine M. biceps femoris and affects myofibrils and connective tissue
Authors: Christensen Mette , Tørngren Mari Ann , Gunvig Annemarie , Rozlosnik Noemi , Lametsch René , Karlsson Anders H , Ertbjerg Per 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Marination of beef muscles with brine solutions containing proteolytic enzymes from fruit extracts has been shown to tenderize meat. However, the effect of marination with actinidin on tenderness of pork muscles has not been investigated. Tenderness and eating quality of porcine M. biceps femoris was investigated by Warner–Bratzler (WB) shear test and sensory evaluation after injection of brine containing up to 11 g L−1 actinidin‐containing kiwi fruit powder and 2, 5 or 9 days of storage.RESULTS: Actinidin decreased WB shear force, increased tenderness and did not affect flavour and juiciness. Injection of 2.8 g L−1 actinidin powder and storage for 2 days resulted in WB shear force values similar to control samples stored for 5 or 9 days. In samples injected with 10 g L−1 actinidin powder, degradation of desmin and percentage of heat‐soluble collagen (P < 0.05) increased compared to control samples. Myofibrillar particle size tended to decrease (P < 0.1) with increasing actinidin concentration. No major changes were observed by proteome analysis. Atomic force microscopy showed actinidin‐induced damage of endomysium surrounding isolated single muscle fibres.CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that actinidin tenderizes pork M. biceps femoris by affecting both the myofibrils and connective tissue. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Structural determinants for selective recognition of peptide ligands for endothelin receptor subtypes ETAand ETB
Authors: Lättig Jens , Oksche Alexander , Beyermann Michael , Rosenthal Walter , Krause Gerd 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe molecular basis for recognition of peptide ligands endothelin‐1, ‐2 and ‐3 in endothelin receptors is poorly understood. Especially the origin of ligand selectivity for ETAor ETBis not clearly resolved. We derived sequence‐structure‐function relationships of peptides and receptors from mutational data and homology modeling. Our major findings are the dissection of peptide ligands into four epitopes and the delineation of four complementary structural portions on receptor side explaining ligand recognition in both endothelin receptor subtypes. In addition, structural determinants for ligand selectivity could be described. As a result, we could improve the selectivity of BQ3020 about 10‐fold by a single amino acid substitution, validating our hypothesis for ligand selectivity caused by different entrances to the receptors' transmembrane binding sites. A narrow tunnel shape in ETAis restrictive for a selected group of peptide ligands'N‐termini, whereas a broad funnel‐shaped entrance in ETBaccepts a variety of different shapes and properties of ligands. Copyright © 2009 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The chitin‐binding capability of Cy‐AMP1 from cycad is essential to antifungal activity
Authors: Yokoyama Seiya , Iida Yuto , Kawasaki Yousuke , Minami Yuji , Watanabe Keiichi , Yagi Fumio 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides are important components of the host innate immune responses by exerting broad‐spectrum microbicidal activity against pathogenic microbes. Cy‐AMP1 found in the cycad (Cycas revoluta) seeds has chitin‐binding ability, and the chitin‐binding domain was conserved in knottin‐type and hevein‐type antimicrobial peptides. The recombinant Cy‐AMP1 was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified to study the role of chitin‐binding domain. The mutants of Cy‐AMP1 lost chitin‐binding ability completely, and its antifungal activity was markedly decreased in comparison with native Cy‐AMP1. However, the antimicrobial activities of the mutant peptides are nearly identical to that of native one. It was suggested that the chitin‐binding domain plays an essential role in antifungal, but not antimicrobial, activity of Cy‐AMP1. Copyright © 2009 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medicine on the Fringe: Stem Cell-Based Interventions in Advance of Evidence
Authors: Regenberg Alan C. , Hutchinson Lauren A. , Schanker Benjamin , Mathews Debra J. H. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Stem cell-based interventions (SCBIs) offer great promise; however, there is currently little internationally accepted, scientific evidence supporting the clinical use of SCBIs. The consensus within the scientific community is that a number of hurdles still need to be cleared. Despite this, SCBIs are currently being offered to patients. This article provides a content analysis of materials obtained from SCBI providers. We find content that strains credulity and almost no evidence of SCBIs being delivered in the context of clinical trials. We conclude that until scientific evidence is available, as a general rule, providers should only offer SCBIs in the context of controlled clinical trials. Clients should be aware that the risks and benefits of SCBIs are unknown, that their participation is unlikely to advance scientific knowledge, and they are likely to become ineligible to participate in future clinical trials of SCBIs. We recommend steps to promote patient education and enhance global oversight.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Nanog Regulates Proliferation During Early Fish Development
Authors: Camp Esther , Sánchez-Sánchez Ana V. , García-España Antonio , DeSalle Rob , Odqvist Lina , Enrique O'Connor José , Mullor José L. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Nanog is involved in controlling pluripotency and differentiation of stem cells in vitro. However, its function in vivo has been studied only in mouse embryos and various reports suggest that Nanog may not be required for the regulation of differentiation. To better understand endogenous Nanog function, more animal models should be introduced to complement the murine model. Here, we have identified the homolog of the mammalian Nanog gene in teleost fish and describe the endogenous expression of Ol-Nanog mRNA and protein during medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryonic development and in the adult gonads. Using medaka fish as a vertebrate model to study Nanog function, we demonstrate that Ol-Nanog is necessary for S-phase transition and proliferation in the developing embryo. Moreover, inhibition or overexpression of Ol-Nanog does not affect gene expression of various pluripotency and differentiation markers, suggesting that this transcription factor may not play a direct role in embryonic germ layer differentiation.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.