bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral vascular leiomyoma: review of the literature and report of two cases
Authors: Savage N. W. , Adkins K. F. , Young W. G. , Chapman P. J. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A review of 78 cases of oral leiomyoma from the literature shows that oral leiomyomas differ from those elsewhere in the body and they are usually vascular in type. Oral leiomyosarcomas occur only one‐fifth as commonly as the leiomyomas. The histologic criteria for the differentiation of leiomyosarcoma are equivocal and so accurate prediction of the behaviour of such lesions is difficult.A histopathologic investigation of two cases was undertaken to establish the usefulness of certain special stains, the presence or absence of neoplastic features and to estimate behaviour of these tumours. This showed that a connective tissue stain and the demonstration of myofibrils within the smooth muscle cells were minimal requirements for accurate diagnosis. The two lesions were well defined and contained well differentiated leiomyoblasts with no mitotic figures. A prediction of benign behaviour was borne out by clinical follow‐up.
Dental health of children in Australia 1977–1982
Authors: Carr L. M. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An extensive programme was begun in 1977 to assess annually the dental health of school children aged four to thirteen years examined by the school dental services in each State and Territory.In the period 1977 to 1982, the number of DIMF teeth per child declined by 41.4 per cent while the oral hygiene index was reduced by 21 per cent. Significant factors in addition to fluoridated water and fluoridated dentifrices have contributed to the decline in the prevalence of dental caries, however, the current data indicate that the decline in the annual increment of dental caries has ceased.
Book Reviews
Authors: Hawkins J. K. , Carr L. M. , Henry R. G. 
Published: May 2009

Book reviewed in this article:RAPID MAXILLARY EXPANSION, by D. J. TimmsPROMOTING DENTAL HEALTH, by C. R. Cowell, and A. SheihamAN ATLAS AND MANUAL OF CEPHALOMETRIC RADIOGRAPHY, by T. RakosiCLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS, by W. E. BellESSENTIALS OF MEDICINE AND SURGERY FOR DENTAL STUDENTS, by A. C. Kennedy and L. H. Blumgart
Characteristics of toothbrushes
Authors: Chong M. P. , Beech D. R. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Most of the manual toothbrushes available on the Australian market during 1980–81 were purchased and examined in the light of the revised Australian Standard for Toothbrushes (AS 1032). The Standard deals only with nylon monofilament brushes and does not cover powered brushes, natural bristle brushes or the single use devices often distributed through vending machines. The problems arising from natural bristle brushes and the single use devices are discussed.The dimensional characteristics of the brushes have been determined and the various styles compared. Particular attention has been given to the classification of textural stiffness of the brushes and the extent to which claims of end rounded monofilaments are valid. Few brushes for which end‐rounding is claimed comply with the Standard requirement that at least 50 per cent of monofilaments shall be rounded.
Problems of persons with cerebral palsy in obtaining dental care
Authors: Bourke L. F. , Jago J. D. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— This project investigated the availability and accessibility of dental care for cerebral‐palsied children and young adults attending the Spastic Centre, New Farm, Brisbane. Most come from high and middle income families and are probably not representative of the handicapped population in this respect.A questionnaire was sent to 100 parents and 86 responded. Profiles were established of the dentists providing the treatment, the dental services, and the nature of the patient's handicap. Only about 10 per cept of parents found difficulty in obtaining dental treatment for their children and about 25 per cent of patients experienced difficulty under treatment. Only 25 per cent of parents found access to dental services difficult; the main problem being outside the dentist's suite. Subjects with quadriplegia appeared to experience the most difficulty with dental treatment. Three‐quarters of the parents indicated they would like a Government dental service at the Spastic Centre.
Epidemiological aspects of oro‐facial clefts in Western Australia
Authors: Burman Neil T. C. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An epidemiological investigation was undertaken on children conceived in Western Australia and born between 1963 and 1979 and with oral cleft defects.Information was available on 354 of the 615 cases registered at the Paediatric Hospital in Perth. The sample was analysed by date and place of conception, type of oral cleft and external environmental temperature during the 8–12 week gestational period.It was found that twice the expected prevalence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate occurred in children conceived in rural areas during the months of August and October.
Polymerization shrinkage of resin‐based restorative materials
Authors: Goldman Michael 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The polymerization shrinkage of a range of chemical and photopolymerized resin‐based restorative materials available in Australia was investigated using a previously reported volumetric shrinkage measuring method.The method proved easy to use, reproducible, independent of specimen size, and capable of use in both chemically and photo‐initiated systems. The values obtained for the polymerization shrinkages ranged from 1.67 to 5.68 per cent with most materials being in the 2 to 3 per cent range and the overall average result being 2.81 per cent. It was observed that powder‐liquid systems seemed to have the highest shrinkage and light‐activated materials the least with the paste‐paste materials having intermediate results. An experiment carried out to examine the effect of voids incorporated upon mixing showed that increased void content caused a greater shrinkage of material per unit mass.This, together with other factors such as amount and size of reacting monomer, is seen to partially explain the observed order of polymerization shrinkages.
Adaptation and microleakage of composite resin restorations
Authors: Martin F. Elizabeth , Bryant Roland W. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The ability of composite resins to adapt to acid‐etched enamel cavity walls is examined and microleakage which occurs around composite resin restorations placed in etched and unetched cavities is investigated.The use of an unfilled resin layer prior to application of the composite resin optimized adaptation. Cavity walls for composite resin restorations should be etched. For the teeth investigated, a 2 minute etch produced a more reliable etch pattern on the enamel and less micro‐leakage than a 1 minute etch.
Gingival crevice depth. I. Predictability of probing deepest points
Authors: Pritchard J. R. , Laws A. J. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— A full mouth periodontal probing examination was carried out on 264 patients. Ninety five per cent of measurements were 3 mm or less, but half of the patients had at least one crevice point 5 mm or greater.It was found that ten part‐mouth combinations resulted in the deepest crevice point being recorded in at least 80 per cent of patients. A ten point maximizing combination was found to be the optimal combination with 90.44 per cent of patients having their deepest crevice point recorded.
Under‐employment of dentists in Western Australia
Authors: Harrison‐Stewart Allan J. , Burman Neil T. C. , D'Amelio Susanne 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The overall dentist: population ratio for Perth, Western Australia, is 1:2135. This figure is unrealistic if used to imply the actual demand for dental services. When the number of patients who visited a dentist in the preceeding 12 months is used as the appropriate population, then the dentist:population ratio for private general practice is 1:977.A survey of 353 dentists practicing in Western Australia was undertaken in September 1982. The results are presented. A significant measure of under‐employment was found. These factors are of importance in the determination of future dental manpower requirements for this State.
Diathermy burns in the mouth. Two case reports
Authors: Gibbs Peter M. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Two case reports of gingival burns from an electrocautery device, apparently used according to the manufacturer's specifications, during crown preparation resulting in an area of full thickness gingival loss are described.A local transposition flap of oral mucosa was used to help cover the bare bone in each case, and the crown restoration was then completed.
Aspects of oral health in Tasmanian children with varying experience of fluoride
Authors: Wimmer Frank 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— An investigation into aspects of oral health was conducted with a survey of 1971 Tasmanian school children, aged 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 years, living in fluoridated and non‐fluoridated areas. Children were classified into four groups according to their experience of systemic fluoride.Utilization of dental services for the study population was high, and a majority of the subjects had received topical fluoride applications. The prevalence of all enamel opacities and hypoplasias was fairly evenly distributed across the four fluoride experience groups but, with regard to unacceptable opacities, the mouth prevalence decreased with increasing fluoride exposure. The results of the dental caries investigation revealed highly significant reductions to caries experience with increasing exposure to fluoride.
The bimaxillary mouthguard: a preliminary report of use in contact sports
Authors: Chapman P. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe bimaxillary mouthguard provides a new concept in the prevention of orofacial and concussional sporting injuries. Its use is generally recommended for participants in the various contact sports, especially by those at increased risk of sustaining such injuries. This mouthguard was developed by the author and has been successfully used for more than three years. The results of a questionnaire study of 30 sportsmen who had been fitted with a bimaxillary mouthguard is presented together with details of fabrication. The acceptance rate was found to be very high (97 per cent), no orofacial injuries were sustained whilst the mouthguard was being worn, and none of the wearers would consider reverting to a standard custom mouthguard.
The effect of a fluorocarbon surfactant on the surface tension of the endodontic irrigant, sodium hypochlorite
Authors: Cameron Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA fluorochemical surfactant was used to reduce the surface tension of 4 per cent sodium hypochlorite from 70 mN/m to 27 mN/m. The solution was stable for more than one month when tested for reduced surface tension, available chlorine, and protein solvent ability. No chemical residue remained on the root canal wall when viewed using scanning electron microscopy.
Orthodontics in general practice — a survey
Authors: Howell Susan 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA questionnaire was designed and sent to 385 recent dental practitioners who practise in New South Wales. The practitioners graduated from 1980–83 at the University of Sydney. Thirty‐nine per cent or 151 of the questionnaires were returned. Fifty‐four per cent or 82 of the 151 practitioners indicated that they provide active orthodontic treatment to their patients. The upper removable appliance is the most commonly used form of therapy. Most of these practitioners refer the majority of their patients requiring orthodontic treatment to a specialist.
Glass ionomer cements: some factors in film thickness
Authors: Wong Theresa C. C. , Bryant Roland W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractInvestigation of the film thicknesses of four luting glass ionomer cements over a range of powder/liquid ratios indicated that the four cements had a similar potential film thickness of approximately 28 μm. Scanning electron‐microscopic examination revealed that the glass ionomer cement powders contain a small number of relatively large particles and an abundance of very fine particles.
The future of conservative dentistry*
Authors: Lester Keith S. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe once overwhelming demand for treatment of untreated gross carious lesions and pulpally involved teeth is fast disappearing in much of the western world. It is important that this be a cause of pride and not concern to the committed conservative dentist.In order to gain some perspective on the future, five basic points are explored: decreased caries incidence; recent evaluations of the so‐called ‘shortened dental arch’; predictive testing; consideration of the training of future dentists; and the question of how many dentists might be needed in the future.The conclusion is drawn that the opportunity exists for a rational wide‐ranging and rewarding approach to the future practice of conservative dentistry.
Internal derangements of the temporomandibular joint. III. Anterior repositioning splint therapy
Authors: Moloney Frank , Howard James A. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Over a four‐year period, anterior repositioning (REPO) splint therapy was used to treat 241 temporomandibular joint pain patients for whom a clinical diagnosis of anterior disc displacement had been made. Following an initial six months of active REPO therapy, the response to treatment over the ensuing twelve months was generally encouraging, control of joint noise and discomfort being achieved in 70 per cent of the treated sample. This figure had decreased to 53 per cent at the two‐year follow‐up and, by the end of three years, only 36 per cent were considered successfully treated.It is suggested that REPO splint therapy for anterior disc displacement should not be lightly undertaken by the general dental practitioner but that a more conservative approach should be adopted for the vast majority of TMJ pain patients.
The immediate maxillary full denture. I. Clinical observations
Authors: Johnson K. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— Research into the dimensional changes associated with immediate denture treatment is reviewed and a statistical survey of the author's work is presented. The forces associated with the dento‐alveolar complex are discussed, and a resumé of experimental work into the electrical and biomechanical properties of bone is presented. Stress generated potentials derived from the piezo‐electric effect and streaming potentials together with electrical osteogenesis are considered.The possible role that the immediate denture plays in reducing the dimensional changes which normally follow tooth extraction is presented in the light of this knowledge.
Trends in dental caries: Australian adolescents
Authors: Spencer A. John 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn investigation of trends in dental caries in the Australian adolescent population was possible through the development of a predictive model for caries severity. Past associations of predictor variables with caries severity were separated out from a wide range of ad hoc surveys, clinical trials, and analyses of service records. National trends in the identified predictor variables were then used to predict past and future caries severity for the Australian adolescent population. Caries severity marginally decreased between 1965 to 1970. Over the period 1970 to 1980 caries severity markedly decreased. Caries severity was predicted to continue to decrease over the period 1980 to 1990, but with evidence of a plateauing for younger adolescents by 1990. Marked increases in percentages of younger adolescents caries‐free between 1975 and 1990 were also predicted. The predictions appeared to be tracking adequately with subsequently available data.
A survey of dental health and attitudes of adults in Queensland with respect to denture wearing
Authors: Spratley M. H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA postal survey was conducted in Queensland to investigate the dental health of adults with respect to denture wearing. The attitudes of the population to continuing attendance for dental care were also surveyed. Results obtained are compared with those for a very similar survey conducted in Victoria in 1977 and show that Queenslanders are exhibiting less edentulousness but have similar attitudes to denture wearing. The survey also indicates that cost is a large factor in determining the time at which dentures are replaced.
The management of unilateral impacted mandibular second and third molars
Authors: Loh Kai‐Woh 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA case of impacted mandibular left second and third molars presented for management. The advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods are discussed. The case was treated by the use of a brass wire to upright the mandibular left second molar after the surgical removal of the mandibular left third molar.
A survey of removable partial denture prosthodontics: attitudes of dentists to treatment planning
Authors: Parker D. A. S. , Cheung N. H. , Richards L. C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractInformation concerning the attitudes and practices of dentists in South Australia to the treatment planning phase of removable partial denture prosthodontics was determined following a postal survey. Generally, the concepts of practitioners were similar to those presently taught to undergraduate students in the University of Adelaide, but some disparities were noted.Analysis of the results according to the decade in which respondents graduated revealed that those who graduated in the 1970s were more likely to place greater importance on the various concepts encompassed by the questionnaire than those who graduated in earlier decades. It is suggested that some attitudes of dentists who have practices in rural areas or who work in partnership/associateship‐type practices might be determined by inter‐professional relationships.
Periodontal assessment using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs at Westmead Hospital, Sydney, 1984
Authors: Sivaneswaran Shanti , Barnard P. D. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe periodontal status and treatment needs were determined for a consecutive sample of 200 subjects 15 years and over who presented at the Assessment and Diagnosis Department at the Westmead Hospital Dental Clinical School. A partial recording of the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs using 10 index teeth for subjects 20 years and over and six index teeth for subjects under 20 years was used.Periodontal disease prevalence was high (with 98 per cent affected) but in most subjects it was of mild to moderate severity. Advanced periodontal disease (pockets of 6 mm or more) was present in 15 per cent of the sample.The major treatment requirement in all age groups was for simple periodontal care involving scaling and oral hygiene instruction that could be managed by non‐specialist dental resources.
The relationships between prevalence of caries, percentage with active caries, and caries severity
Authors: Spencer A. J. , Lewis J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe specification of the relationships between prevalence of caries, percentage of children with active caries, and caries severity improves our understanding of the distribution and extent of caries as well as providing a method of predicting one from another. Using recent Australian data these relationships were investigated and specified. A catalytic equation best fitted the relationship between prevalence of caries and caries severity. A mixed‐multiplicative equation best fitted the relationship between percentage with active caries and caries severity. The specifications of these relationships appeared sensitive to changes in the distribution and extent of caries over time. However, the magnitude of the changes occurring differs between the three measures. This may have contributed to the late recognition of the changing pattern of caries and may have implications for the delivery of dental services.
Glass ionomer cement fissure sealants applied by operative dental auxiliaries — retention rate after one year
Authors: McKenna E. F. , Grundy G. E. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA glass ionomer cement was applied as a fissure sealant to 115 maxillary and 117 mandibular permanent molars. The operators were student school dental therapists working in normal training conditions. Retention rates (93 per cent complete retention after 6 months, and 82.5 per cent complete retention after 12 months) were comparable with those obtained with Bis‐GMA resin sealants in other studies.Maxillary teeth accounted for 21 of the 35 teeth which lost sealant partly or completely. The linguo‐occlusal fissure of maxillary first permanent molars was the commonest site of sealant loss. Only 2 of the teeth which lost sealant were carious at the follow‐up assessments.
The use of 4 per cent sodium hypochlorite, with or without ultrasound, in cleansing of uninstrumented immature root canals; SEM study
Authors: Cameron Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBarbed broaches were used to remove the intact pulp from freshly extracted, single rooted, human first bicuspid teeth with an immature apex. The efficiency of 4 per cent sodium hypochlorite in the removal of soft tissue and predentine from the root canal wall was assessed using the scanning electron microscope. Four per cent sodium hypochlorite was found to be an efficient protein solvent in these wide canals, and this efficiency was increased by using ultrasound to activate the sodium hypochlorite solution. After 3 minutes exposure to the 4 per cent sodium hypochlorite/ultrasound combination, the root canal surface was free from pulpal debris and predentine. The presence of calcospherites on the root canal wall indicated that the debridement had been achieved without the loss of any of the calcified root canal wall thickness.
The bond strength of incrementally placed composite resins
Authors: Chin Y. H. , Tyas M. J. , Goldman M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe bond strength of the junction of various incremental combinations of four resin based restorative materials was tested. Rods of composite suitable for transverse strength testing were prepared in two parts; the first part of a mould was filled with composite and cured against a highly polished amalgam surface or in air. The second part of the mould was filled with composite and cured against the end of the first part composite. The prepared specimens were fractured employing three‐point loading in a mechanical testing machine.When specimens consisting of two parts of the same material were joined, the bond strength was better when the first part was set in air. The strength of the bond between two different products was, in most cases, in the order of 55 per cent to 100 per cent of the transverse strength of the weaker of the pair. The bond strength depended on the nature of the surface of the first part of the specimens as well as the material combinations used. For all material combinations, a better bond was obtained if the two materials joined had similar curing systems.
Tooth wear and occlusal sounds. Comparative study of restorative and orthodontic indices. Preliminary report
Authors: Dettmar D. M. , Shaw R. M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA comparative study of dental arch forms was conducted according to their manifestation of relative tooth wear and occlusal sounds. Thirty‐six subjects were grouped according to their dental treatment experience into one of five arch form categories. Significant differences in the severity of tooth wear were found between the five groups. Tooth sounds were also found to be related to the dental arch form, and thus dental treatment category.