bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Loan-tablet dated in the Seventh Year of Saracos
Authors: Pinches Theophilus G. 
Published: March 2011

As historical inscriptions of this, the last king of Assyria, are wanting, any additional light on his reign, however meagre that light may be, will probably be regarded as welcome, and this must be my excuse for the publication of this interesting but comparatively unimportant inscription.Like his predecessors, Saracos (Sin-šar-iškun) called himself “the great king, the powerful king, the king of the world, the king of Assyria”. He was also “the favourite of Aššur, Enlil, and Ninlil; the beloved of Merodach, and Zēr-panîtum, the choice of the heart's desire of Nebo and Merodach”, etc. From the phrasing of this cylinder-inscription, it is clear that he regarded himself as much king of Babylon as of Assyria, and from the fact that the text came from.Nineveh, it might be supposed that his sympathies were as much with the one country as with the other—indeed, as neighbouring nations, speaking the same language, this feeling would in no wise be unreasonable. Less than sixty years, however, had passed since the death of the somewhat ruthless Sennacherib, and this was probably too short a time to allow the Babylonians to forget what had happened during the earlier years of his reign and in the time of Aššur-bani-âpli—the “great and noble Asnapper”, when the latter was in conflict with Šamaš-šum-ukîn (Saosduchinos), his brother. That they had the right to resist the Assyrian claim to over-lordship there is no doubt, and it is therefore certain that the action of the armies of Aššur-bani-apli, king of Assyria, aroused again Babylonian resentment against the dominion of the more northerly power.
Āpapāta (Qūmis commentaries no. 2)
Authors: Bivar A. D. H. 
Published: March 2011

In a recent issue of this journal the writer essayed a reading of the fragmentary Parthian ostracon from the 1967 excavations by John Hansman and D. B. Stronach at Shahr-i Qūmis, near Dāmghān, Irān. The tentative reading in line 4 was as follows:The round brackets at this point indicate the editor's hesitation between similar letter-forms, rather than actual defacement of the lettering. So far as they go, the traces are reasonably clear.
Two Kharoṣṭhī inscriptions
Authors: Bailey H. W. 
Published: March 2011

The Kharoṣṭhī inscription here published (in private possession) has been referred to me by an interested friend for a reading. The Kharoṣṭhī script, and the North-West Prakrit language written in it still remain problematic, so that as usual the following translation is preliminary. The accompanying photographs (Plates II and III) will offer specialists in Kharoṣṭhī the necessary basis for study.The inscription is on the halo of a standing Buddha (height 96.52 cm). Two photographs are given so that the letters behind the head can be seen.
Art. IV.—On the Agricultural, Commercial, Financial, and Military Statistics of Ceylon
Authors: Power E. R. 
Published: March 2011

The following brief remarks on the Agricultural and Commercial Statistics of Ceylon, past and present, may not be without interest to the Members of the Committee of Agriculture and Commerce of the Royal Asiatic Society.First. In respect to the present great staple of the colony. In 1809, according to the records of the Local Government under the Dutch régime, the production of coffee in the island, both for consumption and export, was about 250,000 Ibs. From that period the production continued steadily to increase; but it was in 1836, when the equalization in England of the duty on East and West India Coffee took place, that European capital and skill were brought to bear, and that to a large extent, in reference to the cultivation of the berry. Prior to the equalization of the duties, the import duty on Ceylon coffee in England had been 9d. per Ib. In 1836 the duty was reduced to 3d. per Ib., or 28s. per cwt.; and as the demand for the article continued undiminished, an equal rise of the price of coffee in bond simultaneously took place, the price to the consumer remaining much as before, and the importer reaping the benefit.
Inscriptions from Cyprus
Authors: Honeyman A. M. 
Published: March 2011

A.—Larnaca Museum, Inventory Nr. 1425; from Dromolaxia, 3 miles south-west of Larnaca. Inscribed area 38 by 5 cm.; Maximum height of letters 2 cm. Plate I.“(1)[On the … day] of the month Pa'ulot in the thirty-fourth year of King Pumiyaton, King of Citium and Id[alion, (2) son of Ki]ng Malkyaton, King of Citium and Idalion, this image is that which he gave and set up.”
A robe of Murad III
Authors: Goodwin Godfrey 
Published: March 2011

The Topkapisaray Museum has long displayed part of the great collection of royal robes of the Ottoman House. Most of these are kaftans with floral patterns related to those of other fabrics of their periods or to Iznik tile designs. Some have geometric patterns among which are the robe assigned to Murad III (Archive 2/3770) which is unique. Unlike some attributions, this is one that is probable although this garment has not, to my knowledge, been the subject of published research. Although it is labelled as a kaftan, a glance shows it to be nothing of the kind. Sevin recognised this error and calls it a kapamasi or mantle and even a cloak, but it has sleeves and could be worn as a gown.I would suggest that it is a muraqqa‘a or khirqa, which was the patched garment candidates wore when they were newly admitted to the Khalwatī path among the Sufi orders after three years novitiate. It was the symbol of the new brother's renunciation of worldiness and worldly goods.
Notes on the Bahapur version of Aśoka's minor rock edict
Authors: Norman K. R. 
Published: March 2011

THE EDITORS OF THE version of Aśoka's first Minor Rock Edict discovered at Bahapur deserve our thanks for making this inscription available so quickly.1 It is unfortunate that by some error the conventional symbols for a doubtful reading [ ], e.g. [sā]tileke in line 2, and a suggested emendation ( ), e.g. (ā)hā for ahā in line 1, have all been printed as [ ], but a careful examination of the photographs of the rock and of the estampage enables most ambiguities arising from this error to be eliminated.There are several points in the Bahapur version which merit attention, (a) By a faulty word-division the editors have printed amha maye in line 3, presumably understanding amha as an ablative form. It is clear from the other versions of the edict that we must have am here, cf. yam in line 2. If we adopt the word-division am hamaye, we obtain a hitherto unattested form of the instrumental of the first person pronoun. In line 2 of the Calcutta-Bairat2 inscription we find hamā as the equivalent of mamā (= genitive), which is found in lines 13 and 16 of RE3 V at Kalsi, lines 5 and 12 of SepE I and line 6 of SepE II at Dhauli, and line 12 of PE IV at Delhi-Topra; in line 3 of the Calcutta-Bairat inscription we find hamiyāye as the equivalent of mamiyāye (= instrumental), which is found in line 6 of SepE II at Jaugada; we now have hamaye as the equivalent of mamaye (= instrumental), which is found in line 4 of SepE II at Dhauli.
XXVIII. The Besnagar Inscription B
Authors: Barnett L. D. 
Published: March 2011

I Read the two lines of this inscription, illustrated in the plate at p. 1054 above, thus:—Trīni(triṃni ?) amutapadāni [kā]le(?) anuṭhitāni neyā ti v[uttaṃ?] damaṃ cāga apramādo.Neyā is probably the Sanskrit jñeyāt. Amutapadāni and cāga stand for the Sanskrit amṛitapadāni and tyāga. Anuṭhitāni (i.e. anuṭṭh°) is the Sanskrit anuṣṭhitāni.
Global Governance of Hazardous Chemicals: Challenges of Multilevel Management. By Henrik Selin
Authors: Mullin Megan 
Published: March 2011

Global Governance of Hazardous Chemicals: Challenges of Multilevel Management. By Henrik Selin. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2010. 235p. $44.00 cloth, $22.00 paper.In his book, Henrik Selin introduces readers to the complex and fragmented international regime governing the management of hazardous chemicals. He presents a compelling account of the environmental and human health threats posed by international trade and the transboundary movement of hazardous chemicals and waste, building a strong case for this problem as an appropriate target for international cooperation and governance. He then analyzes the development and contents of the chemicals regime, with particular emphasis on the way that linkages among issues and actors contribute to the design of chemicals management policy.
Involvement of Endogenous Abscisic Acid in Methyl Jasmonate-Induced Stomatal Closure in Arabidopsis
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Anowar , Munemasa Shintaro , Uraji Misugi , Nakamura Yoshimasa , Mori Izumi C. , Murata Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
In this study, we examined the involvement of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-induced stomatal closure using an inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis, fluridon (FLU), and an ABA-deficient Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutant, aba2-2. We found that pretreatment with FLU inhibited MeJA-induced stomatal closure but not ABA-induced stomatal closure in wild-type plants. The aba2-2 mutation impaired MeJA-induced stomatal closure but not ABA-induced stomatal closure. We also investigated the effects of FLU and the aba2-2 mutation on cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in guard cells using a Ca2+-reporter fluorescent protein, Yellow Cameleon 3.6. In wild-type guard cells, FLU inhibited MeJA-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevation but not ABA-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevation. The aba2-2 mutation did not affect ABA-elicited [Ca2+]cyt elevation but suppressed MeJA-induced [Ca2+]cyt elevation. We also tested the effects of the aba2-2 mutation and FLU on the expression of MeJA-inducible VEGETATIVE STORAGE PROTEIN1 (VSP1). In the aba2-2 mutant, MeJA did not induce VSP1 expression. In wild-type leaves, FLU inhibited MeJA-induced VSP1 expression. Pretreatment with ABA at 0.1 μm, which is not enough concentration to evoke ABA responses in the wild type, rescued the observed phenotypes of the aba2-2 mutant. Finally, we found that in wild-type leaves, MeJA stimulates the expression of 9-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE3, which encodes a crucial enzyme in ABA biosynthesis. These results suggest that endogenous ABA could be involved in MeJA signal transduction and lead to stomatal closure in Arabidopsis guard cells.
Introduction into Italy of Gryon pennsylvanicum (Ashmead), an egg parasitoid of the alien invasive bug Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann
Authors: Roversi P. F. , Strong W. B. , Caleca V. , Maltese M. , Sabbatini Peverieri G. , Marianelli L. , Marziali L. , Strangi A. 
Published: March 2011

Leptoglossus occidentalis (Heteroptera, Coreidae), a Nearctic species, was accidentally introduced into Northern Italy in the late 1990s, from where it has spread throughout Europe. The bug causes abortion of immature cones of Pinus pinea L., with economic impact on the pine‐nut industry. As part of a pest control research program, the egg parasitoid Gryon pennsylvanicum Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae) was collected from British Columbia, Canada, and legally introduced to a quarantine climatic chamber in Florence, Italy. The egg parasitoid will be tested against native non‐target heteropterans, an environmental impact assessment will be conducted, and a mass rearing method will be developed if appropriate. The ultimate goal is to release G. pennsylvanicum into Italian P. pinea forests for classical biological control of L. occidentalis.
Measuring health‐related quality of life in non‐complicated diabetes patients may be an effective parameter to assess patients at risk of a more serious disease course: a cross‐sectional study of two diabetes outpatient groups
Authors: Jelsness‐Jørgensen Lars‐Petter , Ribu Lis , Bernklev Tomm , Moum Bjørn Allan 
Published: March 2011

Aim.  To describe health‐related quality of life in diabetes outpatients and investigate the impact of diabetic foot ulcers, by comparing a group of patients with and without diabetic foot ulcers complications. Secondary to study the impact of sociodemographic and clinical variables in the two groups.Design.  Cross‐sectional study.Methods.  The study involved 130 diabetes outpatients and 127 diabetic foot ulcers patients. Health‐related quality of life was measured with the generic questionnaire Short Form‐36, consisting of eight dimensional scores. All scores were adjusted for differences in age and gender (estimated marginal means). Differences were compared with anova calculations, by the use of Predictive Analytics Software, pasw (version 17.0).Results.  This study confirms that health‐related quality of life differs significantly between disease subgroups when measured with Short Form‐36. Diabetic foot ulcers had a major negative impact on 7/8 subscales on the Short Form‐36 compared to the diabetes outpatients group. health‐related quality of life decreased with increasing amount of complications and comorbidity in the diabetes outpatients group, with cardiovascular complications being the most pronounced predictor of lower health‐related quality of life scores.Conclusion.  Patients who have developed diabetic foot ulcers reports much poorer health‐related quality of life than compared to diabetes outpatients. Factors linked to the development of late complications were not detected in the diabetic foot ulcers group, such as cardiovascular comorbidity and neuropathy.Relevance to clinical practice.  Health‐related quality of life measurement in early stages of disease may detect patients at risk of a more serious disease course and who consequently are in need of a more intensive follow‐up.
Single‐dose rATG induction at renal transplantation: superior renal function and glucoregulation with less hypomagnesemia
Authors: Stevens R. Brian , Lane James T. , Boerner Brian P. , Miles Clifford D. , Rigley Theodore H. , Sandoz John P. , Nielsen Kathleen J. , Skorupa Jill Y. , Skorupa Anna J. , Kaplan Bruce , Wrenshall Lucile E. 
Published: March 2011

Stevens RB, Lane JT, Boerner BP, Miles CD, Rigley TH, Sandoz JP, Nielsen KJ, Skorupa JY, Skorupa AJ, Kaplan B, Wrenshall LE. Single‐dose rATG induction at renal transplantation: superior renal function and glucoregulation with less hypomagnesemia.  Clin Transplant 2012: 26: 123–132.  © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  Rabbit anti‐thymocyte globulin (rATG) induction reduces reperfusion injury and improves renal function in kidney recipients by means of properties unrelated to T‐cell lysis. Here, we analyze intensive rATG induction (single dose, rATGS, vs. divided dose, rATGD) for improved renal function and protection against hyperglycemia.Methods:  Patients without diabetes (n = 98 of 180) in a prospective randomized trial of intensive rATG induction were followed for six months for the major secondary composite end point of impaired glucose regulation (hyperglycemia and new‐onset diabetes after transplantation, NODAT). Prospectively collected data included fasting blood glucose and HbA1c. Serum Mg++ was routinely collected and retrospectively analyzed.Results:  Induction with rATGS produced less impaired glucose regulation (p = 0.05), delayed NODAT development (p = 0.02), less hyperglycemia (p = 0.02), better renal function (p = 0.04), and less hypomagnesemia (p = 0.02), a factor associated with a lower incidence of NODAT. Generalized linear modeling confirmed that rATGS protects against a synergistic interaction between tacrolimus and sirolimus that otherwise increased hypomagnesemia (p = 0.008) and hyperglycemia (p = 0.03).Conclusions:  rATGS initiated before renal reperfusion improved early renal function and reduced impaired glucose regulation, an injury by diabetogenic maintenance agents (tacrolimus and sirolimus).
Translational neuroprotection research in glaucoma: a review of definitions and principles
Authors: Casson Robert J , Chidlow Glyn , Ebneter Andreas , Wood John PM , Crowston Jonathan , Goldberg Ivan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe maintenance of vision, through prevention and attenuation of neuronal injury in glaucoma, forms the basis of current clinical practice. Currently, the reduction of intraocular pressure is the only proven method to achieve these goals. Although this strategy enjoys considerable success, some patients progress to blindness; hence, additional management options are highly desirable. Several terms describing treatment modalities of neuronal diseases with potential applicability to glaucoma are used in the literature, including neuroprotection, neurorecovery, neurorescue and neuroregeneration. These phenomena have not been defined within a coherent framework. Here, we suggest a set of definitions, postulates and principles to form a foundation for the successful translation of novel glaucoma therapies from the laboratory to the clinic.
Autism and meta‐representation: the case of epistemic modality
Authors: NUYTS JAN , DE ROECK ANN 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the meta‐representational abilities of high‐functioning autistic adults on the basis of their use of linguistic expression forms of epistemic modality. The investigation is based on data drawn from natural conversations (in Dutch) with four autistic subjects with varying IQ levels. Parallel to an existing in‐depth corpus study of epistemic modal expression forms in normal language use (i.e. the ‘control data’ for the present study), the occurrences in the data of four types of such expression forms — modal adverbs (ADV), predicative adjectives (ADJ), mental state predicates (MSP), and auxiliaries (AUX) — are analysed in terms of their quantitative and qualitative comparability to the normal data. The results show normal usage of these forms for three of the subjects. Only one subject, with the lowest general IQ of the four, shows problems with particular types of usages. It is argued that these results show that although there is some truth to the classical ‘Theory of Mind’ theories of autism, they turn out to be too simple to account for the data. Suggestions for an alternative way of thinking about the nature of autism are offered.
Spatial cognition in language‐impaired children
Authors: GILLIES MURIEL , LIGHT PAUL 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTLimited research evidence is available concerning the spatial abilities of children with specific language impairments. This paper reports a study of the ability of such children to use plan drawings. The participants were 23 language‐impaired (LI) children (12 from special boarding schools, 11 from language units within mainstream primary schools), whose performance was compared with that of 23 non‐language‐impaired (NLI) children. The children were matched for age, their overall age range being between 7;0‐ll;ll (mean age 8;6). Tasks involved the production and utilisation of plan drawings of a model house. With one exception, results indicated that the LI children showed no deficit in ability on such tasks, and indeed out‐performed their NLI peers on many of them. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Parental Unemployment and Young People’s Extreme Right-Wing Party Affinity: Evidence from Panel Data
Authors: Siedler Thomas 
Published: March 2011

SummaryThe paper investigates the extent to which parental unemployment affects young people’s far right-wing party affinity. Cross-sectional estimates from the German Socio-Economic Panel show a positive relationship between growing up with unemployed parents and support for the extreme right. The paper uses differences in parental unemployment experience during childhood across siblings to investigate a causal relationship. Sibling differences estimates suggest that young people who experience parental unemployment have a significantly higher chance of supporting extreme right-wing parties in Germany. The results show that the effect is particularly strong among East Germans, and stronger among sons than daughters. Moreover, the estimates point to a strong and positive effect of growing up in a single-parent family on young people’s far right-wing party affinity, whereas household income appears to be an insignificant predictor.
Inequality in Burkina Faso—To What Extent do Household, Community and Regional Factors Matter?
Authors: Gräb Johannes , Grimm Michael 
Published: March 2011

SummaryEmpirical evidence suggests that regional disparities in income are often very wide, that these disparities do not necessarily disappear as economies grow and that these disparities are themselves a major driver of growth. We use a novel approach based on multilevel modelling to decompose the sources of inequality in household incomes in Burkina Faso. We show that differences in income across space are explained not only by the spatial concentration of households with favourable characteristics but to a large extent also by disparities in community endowments. Climatic differences across regions do matter, also, but to a much smaller extent. On the basis of the findings, it would be worth assessing the potential effects of policies which build and enhance infrastructure that connects communities complemented by interventions targeted to specific villages that particularly lag behind.
Assessing Variance Components in Multilevel Linear Models using Approximate Bayes Factors: A Case-Study of Ethnic Disparities in Birth Weight
Authors: Saville Benjamin R. , Herring Amy H. , Kaufman Jay S. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryRacial or ethnic disparities in birth weight are a large source of differential morbidity and mortality world wide and have remained largely unexplained in epidemiologic models. We assess the effect of maternal ancestry and census tract residence on infant birth weights in New York City and the modifying effects of race and nativity by incorporating random effects in a multilevel linear model. Evaluating the significance of these predictors involves a test of whether the variances of the random effects are equal to 0. This is problematic because the null hypothesis lies on the boundary of the parameter space. We generalize an approach for assessing random effects in the two-level linear model to a broader class of multilevel linear models by scaling the random effects to the residual variance and introducing parameters that control the relative contribution of the random effects. After integrating over the random effects and variance components, the resulting integrals that are needed to calculate the Bayes factor can be efficiently approximated with Laplace’s method.
Immigration and Entry into the Cultural Mainstream
Authors: Sharaby Rachel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis research focuses on the absorbing society, and examines a process by which immigrants entered and changed the cultural core of the absorbing society. It analyzes the development of an ethnic holiday, the traditional ethnic Mimouna holiday of North African immigrants in Israel, into a national holiday and into part of the dominant culture. The research concludes that this process evolved mainly as a result of the political activism of immigrants from North Africa and a weakening of the hegemony. It may also illuminate the sometimes crucial role of immigrants in moving the boundaries between the center and the periphery.