bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary intake after treatment in child cancer survivors
Authors: Cohen Jennifer , Wakefield Claire E. , Fleming Catharine A. K. , Gawthorne Rebecca , Tapsell Linda C. , Cohn Richard J. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors (CCS) are at increased risk of complications such as obesity, diabetes, and osteoporosis which have the potential to, in part, be controlled with dietary interventions. To allow the development of appropriate dietary interventions for younger cancer survivors data on their dietary intake as well as information on parental nutrition views and practices need to be assessed.ProcedureDietary intake of 50 CCS was assessed with a 3‐day food diary (parent report). Parent child feeding practices were assessed with the Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ). Historical and anthropometric data was extracted from medical records. Survivors were less than 13 years old and less than 5 years after treatment completion.ResultsTwenty percent of participating CCS was overweight or obese and 54% were consuming above their estimated energy requirements. Fifty, 32% and 44% of children did not meet requirements for folate, calcium, and iron respectively. There was a significant trend for increasing BMI percentiles from diagnosis to time of assessment (56.29 vs. 67.17, P = 0.01). Results from the CFQ showed that parents were more likely to monitor (3.99) and use a restrictive form of parenting (3.43) to control their child's food intake rather than pressure their child to eat (2.77) (P = 0.001).ConclusionThis group displayed excessive energy intake (kilojoules) and poor dietary habits. Parents' restrictive feeding style may be contributing to these habits. Early interventions targeting the dietary intake of young survivors and associated parent feeding practices may prevent some of the deleterious long‐term effects associated with childhood cancer therapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 752–757. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acquired factor XI deficiency in a child with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Authors: McManus Meghann Pine , Frantz Christopher , Gailani David 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe describe a 7‐year‐old male with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis who presented with nephrotic syndrome and subsequently developed factor XI (fXI) deficiency. An association between these conditions has not been described previously. In this case, fXI deficiency was caused by an antibody to fXI that enhanced clearance of the protein from plasma. Loss of fXI in the urine did not appear to be involved. Antibody‐mediated clearance of prothrombin or factor X can cause acquired deficiencies of these proteins. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of an antibody that causes fXI deficiency by this mechanism. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 173–175. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation of novel photoreactive polycarbazole‐based microparticles: Reactivity features
Authors: Naddaka Maria , Mondal Ejabul , Lellouche Jean‐Paul 
Published: August 2011

AbstractFour types of innovative benzophenone (BPh)‐ or aryl azide (ArAz)‐containing photoreactive polycarbazole (polyCbz)‐based microparticles (MPs) were prepared using an oxidative liquid phase polymerization system. Their photochemical reactivity was evaluated by their reaction with highly inert poly(2‐chloro‐paraxylelene) (Parylene C) films. Possible mechanisms for the photochemical reaction of those MPs with Parylene C were discussed. The highly photoreactive BPh was found to react more inside the particle causing internal cross‐linking of MP polyCbz chains, fusion between adjoining particles and deformation of their spherical structure. In contrast, the less reactive but more selective ArAz‐containing MPs were found to react much more with Parylene C. The strong reactivity of such photoreactive MPs toward Parylene C films emphasizes a general method for the functionalization of stable nonfunctional polymeric coatings. This paves the way to simple and solvent‐free functionalization of nonfunctional coatings and materials by light. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
On the origin of the “core‐free” morphology in microinjection‐molded HDPE
Authors: Giboz Julien , Spoelstra Anne B. , Portale Giuseppe , Copponnex Thierry , Meijer Han E. H. , Peters Gerrit W. M. , Mélé Patrice 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis study investigates the morphology of a high‐density polyethylene processed with microinjection molding. Previous work pointed out that a “core‐free” morphology exists for a micropart (150‐μm thick), contrasting with the well‐known “skin‐core” morphology of a conventional part (1.5‐mm thick). Local analyses are now conducted in every structural layer of these samples. Transmission electron microscopy observations reveal highly oriented crystalline lamellae perpendicular to the flow direction in the micropart. Image analysis also shows that lamellae are thinner. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction measurements using a microfocused beam highlight that highly oriented shish–kebab morphologies are found through the micropart thickness, with corresponding orientation function close to 0.8. For the macropart, quiescent crystallized morphologies are found with few oriented structures. Finally, the morphology within the micropart is more homogeneous, but the crystalline structures created are disturbed due to the combined effects of flow‐induced crystallization and thermal crystallization during processing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1470–1478, 2011
Geography and Migration Studies: Retrospect and Prospect
Authors: King Russell 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTThe paper engages with migration theory through a geographic perspective. It first argues that geographers, with their broad‐ranging subject matter, epistemological pluralism, and varied research methods, are ideally placed to carry out migration research and advance migration theory. Second, the paper casts a retrospective view at some highlights of geographers' theoretical contributions to migration. The third part reviews the recent and current states of play, which have seen a shift in the geographical study of migration from population geography to cultural geography, via the ‘cultural turn’. Four paradigmatic trends in the study of migration are reviewed – the mobilities turn, transnationalism, diaspora studies, and gendered approaches – and geographers' contributions to each of these are evaluated. The conclusion looks to the future, asks whether the cultural turn is over and, in the light of the global economic crisis, identifies new avenues of migration research for migration geographers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman intensity of graphene
Authors: Casiraghi Cinzia 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe Raman scattering process in graphene is always resonant, i.e. involves real electronic states, and this affects the Raman intensity. Thus, a detailed analysis of the Raman intensity of graphene can provide useful information on the Raman scattering process itself, in particular on the interaction between the fundamental excitations in graphene, such as electron–phonon and electron‐defect interactions, which can be studied only by transport or complex techniques. Here a detailed analysis of the dependence of the Raman intensity of graphene on doping and disorder is presented. While the intensity of the G peak, I(G), is not strongly affected by small amount of doping or disorder, the intensity of the 2D peak strongly decreases with increasing doping or disorder. By analyzing the dependence of I(2D) with doping in the framework of a fully resonant process, we measured the total electron–phonon scattering rate.
Testing the Dirac equation against the tight binding model for non‐equilibrium graphene
Authors: Boross Péter , Dóra Balázs , Moessner Roderich 
Published: August 2011

AbstractWe study the time evolution of the electric current in ballistic graphene, after switching on an electric field. After a short transient, determined by high energy states, the current reaches an intermediate‐time plateau. The “dc conductivity” coincides with the ac conductivity of graphene in this regime. For longer times, it increases further linearly with time and nonlinearly with the electric field as E3/2. To test the predictions based on the Dirac equation, we simulate numerically the time evolution of the current on the honeycomb lattice. Our analytical results agree with numerics for both the intraband and interband contribution to the current.
The effect of chalcogen atom on the structural, elastic, and high‐pressure properties of XY compounds (X = La, Ce, Eu, and Y = S, Se, and Te): An ab initio study
Authors: Charifi Z. , Baaziz H. , Saeed Y. , Reshak Ali Hussain , Soltani F. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe B1 (NaCl) and B2 (CsCl) structure of rare‐earth monochalcogenides XY (X = La, Ce, Eu, and Y = S, Se, and Te) were investigated with the full‐potential linearized‐augmented plane wave (FP‐LAPW) scheme in the frame of the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The optimized lattice parameters, independent elastic constants (C11, C12, and C44) at zero and high pressure, bulk modulus B, and its pressure derivative and the shear modulus G were evaluated. Further, the numerical estimates of a set of elastic parameters [Young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio (ν), Lame's coefficients (µ, λ)] of the polycrystalline XY (X = La, Ce, Eu, and Y = S, Se, and Te) compounds (in the framework of the Voigt–Reuss–Hill approximation) were performed. The pressures at which these compounds undergo structural phase transition from B1 (NaCl) to B2 (CsCl) phases were calculated. For rare‐earth monochalcogenides XY, the Debye temperature is also estimated from the average sound velocity.
Impact of short‐range order and clusterization on the bandgap bowing: First‐principles calculations on the electronic properties of metastable (GaAs)1–x(Ge2)x alloys
Authors: Kawai H. , Giorgi G. , Yamashita K. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe large, negative, and asymmetric bandgap bowing in (GaAs)1–x(Ge2)x alloys is investigated as function of Ge concentration, via the combination of density functional theory and GW0 approach. We revealed that the large negative character of the gap bowing is due to the increase of the octet‐rule violating bonds (bad bonds) as Ge reaches intermediate concentrations, while the asymmetry is governed by the presence of GaAs clusters embedded in the Ge matrix at Ge concentration between 0.3 and 1. Both the clusterization and fragmentation of GaAs region are phenomena able to delocalize the extracharges on the formed bad bonds, causing thermodynamic stabilization, and bandgap increase. Our results are in very good agreement with the experimental ones, confirming the bandgap bowing dependency on the nearest‐neighbor atomic interactions.
The importance of CELF control: molecular and biological roles of the CUG‐BP, Elav‐like family of RNA‐binding proteins
Authors: Dasgupta Twishasri , Ladd Andrea N. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractRNA processing is important for generating protein diversity and modulating levels of protein expression. The CUG‐BP, Elav‐like family (CELF) of RNA‐binding proteins regulate several steps of RNA processing in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including pre‐mRNA alternative splicing, C to U RNA editing, deadenylation, mRNA decay, and translation. In vivo, CELF proteins have been shown to play roles in gametogenesis and early embryonic development, heart and skeletal muscle function, and neurosynaptic transmission. Dysregulation of CELF‐mediated programs has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases affecting the heart, skeletal muscles, and nervous system. WIREs RNA 2012, 3:104–121. doi: 10.1002/wrna.107This article is categorized under:

Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing
RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
Examining the relationship between RNA function and motion using nuclear magnetic resonance
Authors: Bardaro Michael F. , Varani Gabriele 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe biological function of proteins and nucleic acids relies on their complex structures, yet dynamics provides an additional layer of functional adaptability. Numerous studies have demonstrated that RNA is only able to perform the multitude of functions for which it is responsible by readily changing its conformation in response to binding of proteins or small molecules. Examination of RNA dynamics is therefore essential to understanding its biological function. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has emerged as a leading technique for the examination of RNA motion and conformational transitions. It can examine domain motions as well as motion with atomic level resolution over a wide range of time scales. This review examines how NMR spectroscopy can be applied to examine the relationship between function and dynamics in RNA. WIREs RNA 2012, 3:122–132. doi: 10.1002/wrna.108This article is categorized under:

RNA Structure and Dynamics > RNA Structure, Dynamics, and Chemistry
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Recognition
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Small Molecule–RNA Interactions
Ultraviolet Radiation on Innate Immunity and Growth of Broad‐Snouted Caiman (Caiman latirostris): Implications for Facilities Design
Authors: Siroski Pablo Ariel , Poletta Gisela Laura , Fernandez Lucia , Ortega Hugo Héctor , Merchant Mark Edwin 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSunlight is a key environmental factor in almost all ecosystems, and it is necessary for many physiological functions. Many vertebrates require ultraviolet (UV) radiation to perform different physiological processes. Artificial light is used to supplement UV in captive animals, through appropriate photoperiods and UV wavelengths. Previous studies reported that repeated exposure to artificial UV radiation may cause damage to the immune system. Taking into account the importance of UV effects and the serum complement system, the relationship between them was investigated. The study lasted 90 days and was carried out in plastic chambers. Ninety six broad‐snouted caiman (C. latirostris) were assigned to four treatment groups with two replicates each: total darkness (TD), 8 hr per day (8 hr) and 16 hr per day (16 hr) of artificial UV/visible light exposure, and normal photoperiod of natural light (NP). Snout–vent length was measured to determine animal growth. Hemolytic assays were performed to evaluate the effects of artificial UV/visible light, TD, and NP on the serum complement system. Results showed that animals grew more in the NP group. The capacity of C. latirostris serum to hemolyze sheep red blood cells was higher in the NP group than when they are maintained in constant light–dark cycles (8 and 16 hr) or in TD. These data demonstrate that artificial UV should be considered as a potential hazard for captive crocodilians if it is not properly managed, and this should be taken into account in the general design of facilities for reptilian husbandry. Zoo Biol 31:523‐533, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Delayed Primary Closure of the Septic Open Abdomen with a Dynamic Closure System
Authors: Verdam Froukje J. , Dolmans Dennis E. J. G. J. , Loos Maarten J. , Raber Menno H. , de Wit Ralph J. , Charbon Jan A. , Vroemen Jos P. A. M. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe major challenge in the management of patients with an infected open abdomen (OA) is to control septic peritonitis and intra‐abdominal fluid secretion, and to facilitate repeated abdominal exploration, while preserving the fascia for delayed primary closure. We here present a novel method for closure of the infected OA, based on continuous dynamic tension, in order to achieve re‐approximation of the fascial edges of the abdominal wall.MethodsEighteen cases with severe peritonitis of various origin (e.g., gastrointestinal perforations, anastomotic leakage) were primarily stabilized by laparostomy, sealed with either the vacuum‐assisted closure abdominal dressing or the Bogotá bag. After hemodynamic stabilization and control of the sepsis, the Abdominal Re‐approximation Anchor System (ABRA; Canica Design, Almonte, Ontario, Canada) was applied. This system approximates the wound margins through dynamic traction exerted by transfascial elastomers. Before ABRA application, 5/18 patients had a grade 2B, 2/18 a grade 3, and 11/18 a grade or 4 status according to the open abdomen classification of Björck.ResultsIn this severely ill population the mean time before ABRA system application was 12 days (range: 2–39 days). Two of 18 patients died of non‐ABRA‐related causes within three weeks. In 14 of the remaining 16 patients (88%) primary abdominal closure of the midline was accomplished in 15 days (range: 7–30 days). The other two patients needed a component separation technique according to Ramirez to reach closure. However, secondary wound dehiscence occurred in both these patients. Two thirds of patients (12/18) developed pressure sores to the skin and/or dermis, but all healed without further complications. During outpatient clinic follow‐up, 4/14 successfully closed patients still developed a midline hernia.ConclusionsDelayed primary closure of OA in septic patients could be achieved in 88% with this new approximation system. However, the risk of hernia development remained. We consider this system a useful tool in the treatment of septic patients with an open abdomen.
Unplanned Reoperation and Reintervention after Pancreatic Resections: An Analysis of Risk Factors
Authors: Gangl Odo , Fröschl Uwe , Hofer Wolfgang , Huber Jürgen , Sautner Thomas , Függer Reinhold 
Published: August 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the study was to determine the incidence of any unplanned reoperation or reintervention procedure after pancreatic resection and to identify the underlying risk factors.MethodsA total of 189 consecutive pancreatic resections performed from 2001–2008 were searched for any unplanned reoperation, percutaneous drainage, or angiographic reintervention. A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained database, including patient characteristics, comorbidities, details of surgery, specific complications, incidence of reoperation/reintervention, and mortality was performed.ResultsOverall rates of reoperation, reintervention, and mortality were 6.3% (12/189), 7.9% (15/189), and 1.6% (3/189), respectively. Four patients underwent reintervention and reoperation, so the combined reoperation/reintervention rate was 12.2% (23/189). Reoperation (P < 0.001) and reintervention (P = 0.002) correlated with mortality. Hemorrhage (relative risk [RR], 58; P = 0.0017) and the combination of hemorrhage and pancreatic fistula (RR, 117; P < 0.0001) were identified as risk factors for unplanned reoperation, hemorrhage (RR, 82; P = 0.005), pancreatic fistula (RR, 42; P < 0.001), and the combination of both complications (RR, 246; P < 0.001) for reoperation and/or reintervention. Other patient‐ or procedure‐related factors did not influence the reoperation and/or reintervention rates significantly.ConclusionsPancreatic fistula and hemorrhage are the predominant factors that afford unplanned reoperation/reintervention. Although reporting the incidence of unplanned reoperation will include the most severe postoperative complications, a considerable number of reinterventions are missed. Therefore, in outcome analyses of pancreatic surgery, not only reoperations but also any interventional therapies should be included.
The advantage of alternative tactics of prey and predators depends on the spatial pattern of prey and social interactions among predators
Authors: Scharf Inon , Ovadia Ofer , Foitzik Susanne 
Published: August 2011

AbstractIndividual variation in behavioral strategies is ubiquitous in nature. Yet, explaining how this variation is being maintained remains a challenging task. We use a spatially‐explicit individual‐based simulation model to evaluate the extent to which the efficiency of an alternative spacing tactic of prey and an alternative search tactic of predators are influenced by the spatial pattern of prey, social interactions among predators (i.e., interference and information sharing) and predator density. In response to predation risk, prey individuals can either spread out or aggregate. We demonstrate that if prey is extremely clumped, spreading out may help when predators share information regarding prey locations and when predators shift to area‐restricted search following an encounter with prey. However, dispersion is counter‐selected when predators interact by interference, especially under high predator density. When predators search for more randomly distributed prey, interference and information sharing similarly affect the relative advantage of spreading out. Under a clumped prey spatial pattern, predators benefit from shifting their search tactic to an area‐restricted search following an encounter with prey. This advantage is moderated as predator density increases and when predators interact either by interference or information sharing. Under a more random prey pattern, information sharing may deteriorate the inferior search tactic even more, compared to interference or no interaction among predators. Our simulation clarifies how interactions among searching predators may affect aggregation behavior of prey, the relative success of alternative search tactics and their potential to invade established populations using some other search or spacing tactics.
Genetic approaches to understanding the causes of stuttering
Authors: Drayna Dennis , Kang Changsoo 
Published: August 2011

Abstract
Stuttering is a common but poorly understood speech disorder. Evidence accumulated over the past several decades has indicated that genetic factors are involved, and genetic linkage studies have begun to identify specific chromosomal loci at which causative genes are likely to reside. A detailed investigation of one such region on chromosome 12 has identified mutations in the GNPTAB gene that are associated with stuttering in large families and in the general population. Subsequent studies identified mutations in the functionally related GNPTG and NAGPA genes. Mutations in these genes disrupt the lysosomal targeting pathway that generates the Mannose 6-phosphate signal, which directs a diverse group of enzymes to their target location in the lysosome of the cell. While mutations in these three genes can be identified in less than 10% of cases of familial stuttering, this knowledge allows a variety of new studies that can help identify the neuropathology that underlies this disorder.
A Perinatal Palatable High‐Fat Diet Increases Food Intake and Promotes Hypercholesterolemia in Adult Rats
Authors: Oliveira Tchana Weyll Souza , Leandro Carol Góis , de Jesus Deiró Tereza Cristina Bomfim , dos Santos Perez Gabriela , da França Silva Darlene , Druzian Janice Izabel , Couto Ricardo David , Barreto‐Medeiros Jairza Maria 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe main goal of the present study was to evaluate the long‐term effects of a perinatal palatable high‐fat diet on the food intake and cholesterol profile of adult rats. Male Wistar rats (aged 22 days) were divided into two groups according to their mother's diet during gestation and lactation (Cp, n = 10; pups from control mothers; and HLpn = 10; pups from mothers fed a palatable high‐fat diet). At the 76th day, pups were housed individually for 14 days, and daily food consumption was determined during a period of 6 days. Blood from 100‐day‐old rats was sampled by cardiac puncture. Fasting (12 h) serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL‐C, HDL‐C, triglycerides (TG), and VLDL‐C levels were determined. The measurement of food intake was higher in the animals submitted to a hyperlipidic diet during the perinatal period. Serum total cholesterol, LDL‐C, HDL‐C, TG, VLDL‐C and glycemia were increased in the HLp group compared to the control group. Our findings show that an early life environment with a high‐fat diet can contribute to metabolic disease in later life.