bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing the effects of Salmonella internalization in host cell signaling on a reverse‐phase protein array
Authors: Molero Cristina , Rodríguez‐Escudero Isabel , Alemán Ainel , Rotger Rafael , Molina María , Cid Víctor J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThrough acute enteric infection, Salmonella invades host enterocytes and reproduces intracellularly into specialized vacuolae. This involves changes in host cell signaling elicited by bacterial proteins delivered via type III secretion systems (TTSS). One of the two TTSSs of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium encoded by the Salmonella pathogenicity island‐1, triggers bacterial internalization. Among the effector proteins translocated by this TTSS, the GTPase modulator SopE/E2 and the phosphoinositide phosphatase SigD are known to play key roles in these processes. To better understand their contribution to re‐programming host cell pathways, we used ZeptoMARK reverse‐phase protein array technology, which allows printing 32‐sample lysate arrays that can be analyzed with phospho‐specific antibodies to evaluate the phosphorylation of signaling proteins. Lysates were obtained at different times after infection of HeLa cells with WT, TTSS‐deficient, sopE/E2 and sigD single and double deletants, as well as different sigD Salmonella mutants. Our analysis detected activation of p38, JNK and ERK mitogen‐activated protein kinases, mainly dependent on SopE/E2, as well as SigD‐dependent phosphorylation of PKB/Akt and its targets GSK‐3β and FKHR/FoxO. This is the first time that reverse‐phase protein array technology is used in the cellular microbiology field, demonstrating its value to screen for host signaling events through bacterial infection.
2‐D DIGE analysis of the proteome of extracts from peanut variants reveals striking differences in major allergen contents
Authors: Schmidt Hendrik , Gelhaus Christoph , Latendorf Ties , Nebendahl Melanie , Petersen Arnd , Krause Susanne , Leippe Matthias , Becker Wolf‐Meinhard , Janssen Ottmar 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOver the last decade, an increasing prevalence of peanut allergies was observed worldwide. Peanuts are meanwhile categorized among the most dangerous food allergens. This is particularly relevant since peanut‐derived ingredients are widely used in industrial food production. To minimize the problem of hidden food allergens causing severe anaphylactic reactions, pre‐packaged food containing peanut components needs to be classified according to European ruling since 2005. Food companies search for strategies to reduce the allergenicity of peanut‐derived food additives either by genetically altering the allergen content or by identifying peanut varieties with low levels of major allergens. In our study, we focused on peanut extracts from Indonesia that apparently contain lower levels of the major Arachis hypogaea allergen 1 (Ara h 1). Basic extracts of Virginia‐type and Indonesian peanuts were compared by 1‐ and 2‐DE. We identified more than hundred individual components in these extracts by MS and provide a high‐resolution allergen map that also includes so far unknown fragments of major peanut allergens. The reduced level of Ara h 1 associated with a significantly lower abundance of the most potent peanut allergen Ara h 2 in various Indonesian peanuts was also confirmed by Western blotting with monoclonal antibodies and sera of allergic patients.
A combined 15N tracing/proteomics study in Brassica napus reveals the chronology of proteomics events associated with N remobilisation during leaf senescence induced by nitrate limitation or starvation
Authors: Desclos Marie , Etienne Philippe , Coquet Laurent , Jouenne Thierry , Bonnefoy Josette , Segura Raphaël , Reze Sandrine , Ourry Alain , Avice Jean‐Christophe 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOur goal was to identify the leaf proteomic changes which appeared during N remobilisation that were associated or not associated with senescence of oilseed rape in response to contrasting nitrate availability. Remobilisation of N and leaf senescence status were followed using 15N tracing, patterns of chlorophyll level, total protein content and a molecular indicator based on expression of senescence‐associated gene 12/Cab genes. Three phases associated with N remobilisation were distinguished. Proteomics revealed that 55 proteins involved in metabolism, energy, detoxification, stress response, proteolysis and protein folding, were significantly induced during N remobilisation. Four proteases were specifically identified. FtsH, a chloroplastic protease, was induced transiently during the early stages of N remobilisation. Considering the dynamics of N remobilisation, chlorophyll and protein content, the pattern of FtsH expression indicated that this protease could be involved in the degradation of chloroplastic proteins. Aspartic protease increased at the beginning of senescence and was maintained at a high level, implicating this protease in proteolysis during the course of leaf senescence. Two proteases, proteasome beta subunit A1 and senescence‐associated gene 12, were induced and continued to increase during the later phase of senescence, suggesting that these proteases are more specifically involved in the proteolysis processes occurring at the final stages of leaf senescence.
Morphometry and Late Holocene activity of solifluction landforms in the Sierra Nevada, southern Spain
Authors: Oliva Marc , Schulte Lothar , Ortiz Antonio Gómez 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNumerous solifluction landforms in two valleys of the western part of the Sierra Nevada range in the southern Iberian Peninsula were classified according to morphology and used to reconstruct solifluction activity for the Late Holocene. Lobes are almost inactive under the current semiarid climate and water availability appears to be the crucial control on activity within the high‐elevation study areas. The presence of numerous inactive solifluction lobes suggests that past climate conditions must have been more favourable for lobe development. Chronostratigraphic profiles of several lobes indicate that colder and/or wetter periods (e.g. the Little Ice Age) tend to promote slope movements, with sparser vegetation cover and higher solifluction rates whereas a denser vegetation cover spreads across valley floors and soils develop during warmer periods (e.g. the Medieval Warm Period). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abelmoschus moschatus (Malvaceae), an aromatic plant, suitable for medical or food uses to improve insulin sensitivity
Authors: Liu I.‐M. , Tzeng Thing‐Fong , Liou Shorong‐Shii 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAbelmoschus moschatus (Malvaceae) is an aromatic and medicinal plant, distributed in many parts of Asia, including south Taiwan. The present study was undertaken to clarify whether the herb is effective in improving insulin resistance. Insulin resistance in rats was induced by a diet containing 60% fructose for 6 weeks. The degree of insulin resistance was measured by homeostasis model assessment of basal insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR). Insulin sensitivity was calculated using the composite whole body insulin sensitivity index (ISIcomp) during the oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin receptor‐related signaling mediators in soleus muscles of rats were evaluated by immunoprecipitation or immunoblotting. The extract of A. moschatus had a higher level of polyphenolic flavonoids. A. moschatus extract (200 mg/kg per day) displayed the characteristics of rosiglitazone (4 mg/kg per day) in reducing the higher HOMA‐IR index as well as elevating ISIcomp in fructose chow‐fed rats after a 2‐week treatment. Treatment with moschatus extract for 2 weeks increased post‐receptor insulin signaling mediated by enhancements in insulin receptor substrate‐1‐associated phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase step and glucose transporter subtype 4 translocation in insulin‐resistant soleus muscles. A. moschatus is therefore proposed as potentially useful adjuvant therapy for patients with insulin resistance and/or the subjects wishing to increase insulin sensitivity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gallic acid protects RINm5F β‐cells from glucolipotoxicity by its antiapoptotic and insulin‐secretagogue actions
Authors: Sameermahmood Zaheer , Raji Lenin , Saravanan Thangavel , Vaidya Ashok , Mohan Viswanathan , Balasubramanyam Muthuswamy 
Published: July 2009

AbstractGallic acid is claimed to possess antioxidant, antiinflammatory and cytoprotective effects. Since pancreatic islets from Type 2 diabetic patients have functional defects, it was hypothesized that glucolipotoxicity might induce apoptosis in β‐cells and gallic acid could offer protection. To test this, RINm5F β‐cells were exposed to high glucose (25 μM) or palmitate (500 μM) or a combination of both for 24 h in the presence and absence of gallic acid. Cells subjected to glucolipotoxicity in the absence and presence of gallic acid were assessed for DNA damage by comet assay. Apoptosis was inferred by caspase‐3 protein expression and caspase‐3 activity and changes in Bcl‐2 mRNA. RT‐PCR was used to analyse PDX‐1, insulin and UCP‐2 mRNA expression in RINm5F β‐cells and insulin levels were quantified from the cell culture supernatant. NFκB signal was studied by EMSA, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. While RINm5F β‐cells subjected to glucolipotoxicity exhibited increased DNA damage, apoptotic markers and NFκB signals, all these apoptotic perturbations were resisted by gallic acid. Gallic acid dose‐dependently increased insulin secretion in RINm5F β‐cells and upregulated mRNA of PDX‐1 and insulin. It is suggested that the insulin‐secretagogue and transcriptional regulatory action of gallic acid is a newly identified mechanism in our study. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Betulinic acid protects against ischemia/reperfusion‐induced renal damage and inhibits leukocyte apoptosis
Authors: Ekşioğlu‐Demiralp Emel , Kardaş E. Rıza , Özgül Seçkin , Yağcı Tayfur , Bilgin Hüseyin , Şehirli Özer , Ercan Feriha , Şener Göksel 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe possible protective effect of betulinic acid on renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury was studied. Wistar Albino rats were unilaterally nephrectomized and subjected to 45 min of renal pedicle occlusion followed by 6 h of reperfusion. Betulinic acid (250 mg/kg, i.p.) or saline was administered at 30 min prior to ischemia and immediately before the reperfusion. Creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and TNF‐α as well as the oxidative burst of neutrophil and leukocyte apoptosis were assayed in blood samples. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) levels, Na+, K+‐ATPase and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities were determined in kidney tissue which was also analysed microscopically. I/R caused significant increases in blood creatinine, BUN, LDH and TNF‐α. In the kidney samples of the I/R group, MDA levels and MPO activity were increased significantly, however, GSH levels and Na+, K+‐ATPase activity were decreased. Betulinic acid ameliorated the oxidative burst response to both formyl‐methionyl‐leucyl‐phenylalanine (fMLP) and phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) stimuli, normalized the apoptotic response and most of the biochemical indices as well as histopathological alterations induced by I/R. In conclusion, these data suggest that betulinic acid attenuates I/R‐induced oxidant responses, improved microscopic damage and renal function by regulating the apoptotic function of leukocytes and inhibiting neutrophil infiltration. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Bupleurum falcatum and its combination with an angiotensin II receptor blocker on cytokine and chemokine expression in human mesangial cells
Authors: Cho Byoung‐Soo , Kim Sung‐Do , Park Jae‐Kyung , Chung Joo‐Ho , Hong Mee‐Suk , Lee Byung‐Cheol , Ihm Chun‐Gyoo 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of Bupleurum falcatum and its combination with angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) on cytokine and chemokine production in cultured human mesangial cells. Human mesangial cells were isolated and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium culture medium. Bupleurum falcatum, ARB, and the combination of the two were added to human mesangial cells. Cytokine and chemokine levels were analysed using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. There were no significant differences in the expression of IL‐1ß, IL‐2 or TNF‐a between controls and the experimental groups. However, IL‐11 and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) levels were significantly reduced in response to ARB, Bupleurum falcatum, or their combination when compared with controls. IL‐8 expression was reduced significantly only in cells treated with ARB. Both Bupleurum falcatum and ARB treatments alone reduced the cytokine concentration, but there was not a stronger reduction when the two drugs were combined. It was shown that Bupleurum falcatum inhibited cytokine production in human mesangial cells. However, there were no additive effects on the suppression of cytokine production when Bupleurum falcatum was combined with ARB. Further studies are needed to elucidate the renoprotective effects of Bupleurum falcatum. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuroprotective effect of luteolin on amyloid β protein (25–35)‐induced toxicity in cultured rat cortical neurons
Authors: Cheng Hao‐Yuan , Hsieh Ming‐Tsuen , Tsai Fan‐Shiu , Wu Chi‐Rei , Chiu Chuan‐Sung , Lee Min‐Min , Xu Hong‐Xi , Zhao Zhong‐Zhen , Peng Wen‐Huang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe present study was carried out to investigate the neuroprotective effect of luteolin on amyloid β (Aβ) (25–35)‐induced neurotoxicity using cultured rat cortical neurons. After exposure of primary cultures of rat cortical cells to 10 μM Aβ (25–35) for 48 h, cortical cell cultures exhibited marked apoptotic death. Pretreatment with luteolin (1, 10 μM) significantly protected cortical cell cultures against Aβ (25–35)‐induced toxicity. Luteolin (1, 10 μM) showed a concentration‐dependent inhibition on 10 μM Aβ (25–35)‐induced apoptotic neuronal death, as assessed by MTT assay. Furthermore, luteolin reduced apoptotic characteristics by DAPI staining. For Western blot analysis, the results showed that the protective effect of luteolin on Aβ (25–35)‐induced neurotoxicity was mediated by preventing of ERK‐p, JNK, JNK‐p, P38‐p and caspase 3 activations in rat primary cortical cultures. Taken together, the results suggest that luteolin prevents Aβ (25–35)‐induced apoptotic neuronal death through inhibiting the protein level of JNK, ERK and p38 MAP kinases and caspase 3 activations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemoprevention of skin cancer by the flavonoid fraction of Saraca asoka
Authors: Cibin T. R. , Devi D. Gayathri , Abraham Annie 
Published: July 2009

AbstractSaraca asoka (Family – Caesalpiniaceae) has been widely used in the Ayurvedic (traditional Indian) system of medicine especially due to its wound healing property. The present study investigated the chemopreventive property of flavonoids from the flowers of Saraca asoka on 7,12 dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced skin cancer in mice models. A single topical application of DMBA (100 mg/50 μL of acetone) followed after 2 weeks by three times a week treatment with croton oil (1% in acetone), for 20 weeks resulted in tumor induction. The topical application of the flavonoid fraction of S. asoka (FF S. asoka), 30 min prior to the application of croton oil thrice weekly for 20 weeks, caused a significant reduction in the number of tumors per mouse and the percentage of tumor‐bearing mice. Also the latency period for the appearance of the first tumor was delayed by S. asoka pretreatment. In the flavonoid fraction (5 μg and 10 μg/kg body weight) treated animals, the levels of biochemical markers – rhodanese, myeloperoxidase, β‐D‐glucuronidase, sialic acid, hexokinase and caspase 3 were significantly restored to near normal levels. These findings suggest the chemopreventive activity of flavonoids from S. asoka on two stage skin carcinogenesis. Histological data also support the chemopreventive potential of S. asoka. Copyright ” 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wireless ventilation control for large‐scale systems: The mining industrial case
Authors: Witrant E. , D'Innocenzo A. , Sandou G. , Santucci F. , Di Benedetto M. D. , Isaksson A. J. , Johansson K. H. , Niculescu S.‐I. , Olaru S. , Serra E. , Tennina S. , Tiberi U. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis paper describes a new industrial case on automation, for large‐scale systems with high environmental impact: the mining ventilation control systems. Ventilation control is essential for the operation of a mine in terms of safety (CO and NOx regulation) and energy optimization. We first discuss a novel regulation architecture, highlighting the interest for a model‐based control approach and the use of distributed sensing capabilities thanks to a wireless sensor network (WSN). We propose a new model for underground ventilation. The main components of the system dynamics are described with time‐delays, transmission errors, energy losses and concentration profiles. Two different model‐based control approaches, which can embody the complex dynamics of the system, are proposed. The first one resorts to a nonlinear model predictive control strategy (receding horizon) and aims to energy minimization, thanks to a continuous operation of the fans. The second one, based on a hybrid description of the model and fans operation, provides automatic verification of the wireless control thanks to abstraction techniques. These control strategies are compared with simulations, in terms of regulation efficiency, energy consumption and the need for computational capabilities. The industrial case description and control strategies open new vistas for the development of global system approaches that allow for the optimization of energy consumption of complex large‐scale systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substrate requirements of spawning Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are dependent on local channel hydraulics
Authors: Moir H. J. , Pasternack G. B. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMicro‐scale (<0.1 channel widths) physical conditions within channels ultimately exert a strong control on habitat selection by fish species. Data are presented demonstrating that micro‐habitat requirements of spawning Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) are strongly inter‐related; fish utilized coarser substrate if associated with faster flow velocities. This was not observed to be controlled through a hydraulic sorting mechanism but, rather, related to the physical processes of spawning. Failure to consider the ‘elastic’ nature of Chinook salmon spawning requirements resulting from links between the physical parameters may have implications for river management practices such as restoration or setting environmental flows. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Turbo similarity searching: Effect of fingerprint and dataset on virtual‐screening performance
Authors: Gardiner Eleanor J. , Gillet Valerie J. , Haranczyk Maciej , Hert Jérôme , Holliday John D. , Malim Nurul , Patel Yogendra , Willett Peter 
Published: July 2009

AbstractTurbo similarity searching uses information about the nearest neighbors in a conventional chemical similarity search to increase the effectiveness of virtual screening with a data fusion approach being used to combine the nearest‐neighbor information. A previous paper suggested that the approach was highly effective in operation; this paper further tests the approach using a range of different databases and of structural representations. Searches were carried out on three different databases of chemical structures, using seven different types of fingerprints, as well as molecular holograms, physicochemical properties, topological indices and reduced graphs. The results show that turbo similarity searching can indeed enhance retrieval but that this is normally achieved only if the similarity search that acts as its starting point has already achieved at least some reasonable level of search effectiveness. In other cases, a modified version of TSS that uses the nearest‐neighbor information for approximate machine learning can be used effectively. Though useful for qualitative (active/inactive) predictions of biological activity, turbo similarity searching does not appear to exhibit any predictive power when quantitative property data is available. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Statistical Analysis and Data Mining 2: 103‐114, 2009
Affordable loss: behavioral economic aspects of the plunge decision
Authors: Dew Nicholas , Sarasathy Saras , Read Stuart , Wiltbank Robert 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAffordable loss involves decision makers estimating what they might be able to put at risk and determining what they are willing to lose in order to follow a course of action. Using the entrepreneur's new venture plunge decision, this article combines insights from behavioral economics to develop a detailed analysis of the affordable loss heuristic. Specifically, we develop propositions to explain how individuals: (1) decide what they can afford to lose; and (2) what they are willing to lose in order to plunge into entrepreneurship. The article also discusses the implications of affordable loss for the economics of strategic entrepreneurship. Copyright © 2009 Strategic Management Society.
Wind energy literature survey no. 13
Authors: Henriksen L. C. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAs a service to readers, Wind Energy regularly conducts literature surveys and publishes lists of relevant articles drawn from recent issues of a large number of periodicals including: Journal of Wind Engineering & Industrial Aerodynamics, International Journal of Energy Research, Renewable Energy, Energy Sources, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Journal, Electric Power Components and Systems, along with a number of periodicals published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, etc. The list is limited exclusively to journals not specifically devoted to wind energy and its applications. To assist the reader, the list is separated into broad categories. Although many papers fit several categories, each paper is listed only once under the category thought most appropriate. Please note that the inclusion in the list is not an endorsement of a paper's quality. Compiled by Lars Christian Henriksen, Wind Energy Department, Riso/ National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, Technical University of Denmark, PO 49, DK‐4000 Roskilde, Denmark. Please e‐mail any suggestions to larh@risoe.dtu.dk.
Modelling of microstructural void evolution with configurational forces
Authors: Timmel M. , Kaliske M. , Kolling S. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe discuss the effect of material softening during cyclic loading. The decrease of stress is caused by a damage evolution in the microscale, e.g. due to micro‐void growth. For a numerical treatment of this material behaviour, phenomenological damage approaches are used in daily engineering practice. For a better understanding of the micromechanical process, multiscale methods are becoming increasingly important. The physical quantities which are responsible for the microstructural evolution associated with the damage process are transferred into the numerical model. In this context, the method of configurational forces is used to describe the geometrical changes of damaged areas. With the help of a homogenization technique, macro‐ and microscale are coupled. In consequence, each Gaussian point of the macromechanical finite element discretization represents a microstructure (representative volume element ‐ RVE), where the microscale evolves during the loading process according to observable damage phenomena. We present the general case of hyperelastic materials at finite strains.