bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast enhanced MR angiography with parallel imaging in the early period after renal transplantation
Authors: Gufler Hubert , Weimer Wolfgang , Neu Kathleen , Wagner Sabine , Rau Wigbert Stephan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate renal allograft vessels in the early period after kidney transplantation with three‐dimensional (3D) contrast‐enhanced MR angiography (3D CE MRA) using a parallel imaging technique.Materials and MethodsSixty‐three consecutive patients were examined with 3D CE MRA and integrated SENSE technique (Sensitivity Encoding) 2 to 21 days after renal transplantation. MR angiography studies were analyzed for the presence of arterial stenosis. The degree of renal transplant artery stenosis was graded qualitatively as <50% = mild, 50–70% = moderate, 70–99% = severe, and occlusion. Four patients (6.3%) with moderate (n = 1) or severe (n = 3) arterial stenoses on CE MRA underwent selective intra‐arterial digital subtraction angiography. In two patients, selective intravenous digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed.ResultsTwenty‐seven (42.9%) of the 63 patients had normal CE MR angiograms, 29 (46%) showed mild, 3 patients (4.8%) moderate, and 4 patients (6.3%) severe stenoses of the donor artery. In three patients, the severe stenosis of the graft artery was confirmed by surgery or intra‐arterial DSA. One patient with suspicion of severe arterial stenosis on MRA had moderate vessel narrowing on DSA. Twelve months after kidney transplantation, serum creatinine levels were not significantly different in patients with mild and moderate stenoses from those without (P > 0.19) but significantly different from those with severe stenoses (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe incidence of mild and moderate vessel narrowing at the arterial anastomosis is unexpectedly high in the early period after kidney transplantation and is most likely due to surgery‐related tissue edema. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:909–916. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The in vivo diagnosis of early‐stage aortic valve sclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging in a rabbit model
Authors: Hamilton Amanda M. , Rogers Kem A. , Drangova Maria , Khan Zamir , Ronald John A. , Rutt Brian K. , MacLean Kyle A. , Lacefield James C. , Boughner Derek R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify and monitor early aortic valve sclerosis (AVS) induced by cholesterol feeding in rabbits. AVS is a highly prevalent disease process, affecting more than 25% of the population over age 65. A major obstacle to early stage medical management of AVS has been the lack of an objective noninvasive technique to identify its presence and monitor its progress.Materials and MethodsRetrospectively gated CINE fast spoiled gradient echo (fSPGR) images of aortic valve cusps were collected at 3‐month intervals starting at 6 months using a 1.5 T MR scanner interfaced with a customized surface radiofrequency coil. At 16 months a subset of animals was sacrificed and excised cusps were examined with both high frequency ultrasound (US) and histopathological techniques to validate the MRI method.ResultsMR and US analysis identified significant thickening of diseased AV cusps when compared to control (P < 0.05). Histopathological analysis confirmed the presence of human‐like AVS in diseased rabbit valves.ConclusionEarly AVS, exemplified by increased valve thickness, can be identified in vivo using high‐resolution MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:825–831. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
CE‐MRA of the lower extremities using HYPR stack‐of‐stars
Authors: Wu Yan , Korosec Frank R. , Mistretta Charles A. , Wieben Oliver 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the properties of HYPR (HighlY constrained back PRojection) processing—the temporal fidelity and the improvements of spatial/temporal resolution—for contrast‐enhanced MR angiography in a pilot study of the lower extremities in healthy volunteers.Materials and MethodsHYPR processing with a radial three‐dimensional (3D) stack‐of‐stars acquisition was investigated for contrast‐enhanced MR angiography of the lower extremities in 15 healthy volunteers. HYPR images were compared with control images acquired using a fast, multiphase, 2D Cartesian method to verify the temporal fidelity of HYPR. HYPR protocols were developed for achieving either a high frame update rate or a minimal slice thickness by adjusting the acquisition parameters. HYPR images were compared with images obtained using 3D TRICKS, a widely used protocol in dynamic 3D MRA.ResultsHYPR images showed good temporal agreement with 2D control images. In comparison with TRICKS, HYPR stack‐of‐stars demonstrated higher spatial and temporal resolution. High radial undersampling factors for each time frame were permitted, typically approximately 50 to 100 compared with fully sampled radial imaging.ConclusionIn this feasibility study, HYPR processing has been demonstrated to improve the spatial or temporal resolution in peripheral CE‐MRA. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:917–923. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical properties of the probe electrospray ionization (PESI) needle applied to the biological samples
Authors: Yoshimura Kentaro , Chen Lee Chuin , Asakawa Daiki , Hiraoka Kenzo , Takeda Sen 
Published: March 2009

AbstractProbe electrospray ionization (PESI) is a recently developed technique that uses a fine solid needle as a probe for sampling biological materials. In this study, we quantified the volume of liquid sample picked up by the solid needle with the tip diameter of ∼700 nm and the apex angle of ∼60°. The amounts of low‐viscosity samples (rat urine) loaded on the tip of the needle by a single stroke were 0.35 ± 0.09 pl. Interestingly, the amount of liquid adhered to the tip did not significantly depend on the protein concentration, but viscosity and surface tension of the sample. Under these conditions, we successfully obtained mass spectra for each biological sample. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Seeking a Holocene drift ice proxy: non‐clay mineral variations from the SW to N‐central Iceland shelf: trends, regime shifts, and periodicities
Authors: Andrews John T. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractQuantitative X‐ray diffraction analysis of the <2 mm sediment fraction was carried out on 1257 samples (from the seafloor and 16 cores) from the Iceland shelf west of 18° W. All but one core (B997‐347PC) were from transects along troughs on the NW to N‐central shelf, an area that in modern and historic times has been affected by drift ice. The paper focuses on the non‐clay mineralogy of the sediments (excluding calcite and volcanic glass). Quartz and potassium feldspars occupy similar positions in an R‐mode principal component analysis, and oligoclase feldspar tracks quartz; these minerals are used as a proxy for ice‐rafted detritus (IRD). Accordingly, the sum of these largely foreign minerals (Q&K) (to Icelandic bedrock) is used as a proxy for drift ice. A stacked, equi‐spaced 100 a record is developed which shows both low‐frequency trends and higher‐frequency events. The detrended stacked record compares well with the flux of quartz (mg cm−2 a−1) at MD99‐2269 off N Iceland. The multi‐taper method indicated that there are three significant frequencies at the 95% confidence level with periods of ca. 2500, 445 and 304 a. Regime shift analysis pinpoints intervals when there was a statistically significant shift in the average Q&K weight %, and identifies four IRD‐rich events separated by intervals with lower inputs. There is some association between peaks of IRD input, less dense surface waters (from δ18O data on planktonic foraminifera) and intervals of moraine building. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Core competencies for diversifying: case study of a small business
Authors: Trott Paul , Maddocks Tom , Wheeler Colin 
Published: March 2009

Abstract

This paper addresses a significant gap within the present body of work on the resource‐based view of the firm: the lack of empirical research on the resource‐based perspective within the SME sector (Newbert, 2007).

This study applies the resource‐based view and core competencies analysis in a very practical situation: a small manufacturing firm in the UK. The study is the result of a two‐year ‘action research’ project where the researcher was embedded within the firm. The manufacturing firm supplies hydraulic tube assemblies to the yellow construction industry and has experienced rapid growth over the past 10 years. Using a causal mapping methodology the findings reveal distinctive capabilities that the firm is able to use as a basis for diversification into the leisure marine industry.

The findings contribute to the body of literature on the resource‐based view of the firm by providing a methodological approach which helps to uncover core competencies in practice.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intranets: a key element in a company's e‐business strategy
Authors: Mockler Robert J. , Gartenfeld Marc E. 
Published: March 2009

Abstract

This paper provides an overview of one of the fastest growing segments of the Web environment — the Intranet.

It discusses what an Intranet is (definition), its uses and benefits (both general and specific), its challenges and critical issues (both organizational and technical), as well as current and future trends (both short‐term and mid‐ to long‐term).

It uses company examples.

It highlights the position and vital role the Intranet plays as part of a company's e‐business strategy to highlight additional benefits and trends.

Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of thermodynamic pKa values of benzimidazole and benzimidazole derivatives by capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Jerez Gilberto , Kaufman Gregory , Prystai Michael , Schenkeveld Sonja , Donkor Kingsley K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThermodynamic pKa values for benzimidazole and several substituted benzimidazoles were determined by CE. Electrophoretic mobilities of benzimidazoles were determined by CE at different pH levels and ionic strengths. The dependence of electrophoretic mobilities on pH was used to obtain pKa values at different ionic strengths. Extrapolations to zero ionic strength were used to determine the thermodynamic pKa values. Using this method the thermodynamic pKa values of 15 benzimidazoles were determined and found to range from 4.48 to 7.38. Results from the CE measurements were compared with spectrophotometric measurements which were evaluated at wavelengths where the highest absorbance difference for varying pH was recorded. The two analytical techniques were in good agreement.
Simultaneous determination of seven fluoroquinolones in royal jelly by ultrasonic‐assisted extraction and liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection
Authors: Zhou Jinhui , Xue Xiaofeng , Chen Fang , Zhang Jinzhen , Li Yi , Wu Liming , Chen Lanzhen , Zhao Jing 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA method for the quantitative determination of seven fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents (FQs) used in beekeeping, viz. ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and difloxacin, in royal jelly samples was developed on the basis of high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Sample preparation included deproteination, ultrasonic‐assisted extraction with a mixed inorganic solution of monopotassium phosphate (KH2PO4) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (Na2EDTA), and clean‐up on a solid‐phase extraction cartridge. The extraction procedure was optimized with regard to the amount of inorganic solvent and the duration of sonication for royal jelly as a complicated matrix. Overall recoveries for FQs ranged from 85.9 to 99.1% for royal jelly with standard deviations between 2.79 and 6.27%. Limits of quantification were 2–40 ng/g for seven FQs in royal jelly. A total of 57 real royal jelly samples collected from beekeepers and supermarkets were analyzed. The three most abundant honeybee‐use FQs, i. e. ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin, were determined in some royal jelly samples in concentrations ranging from 11.9 to 55.6 ng/g. Unexpectedly, however, difloxacin was found at concentrations of about 46.8 ng/g in one sample although it is rarely used in beekeeping. The presented method was successfully applied to quantify FQs in real royal jelly samples.
Selection for the G4 DNA motif at the 5′ end of human genes
Authors: Eddy Johanna , Maizels Nancy 
Published: March 2009

AbstractFormation of G4 DNA may occur in the course of replication and transcription, and contribute to genomic instability. We have quantitated abundance of G4 motifs and potential for G4 DNA formation of the nontemplate strand of 5′ exons and introns of transcripts of human genes. We find that, for all human genes, G4 motifs are enriched in 5′ regions of transcripts relative to downstream regions; and in 5′ regulatory regions relative to coding regions. Notably, although tumor suppressor genes are depleted and proto‐oncogenes enriched in G4 motifs, abundance of G4 motifs in the 5′ regions of transcripts of genes in these categories does not differ. These results support the hypothesis that G4 motifs are under selection in the human genome. They further show that for tumor suppressor genes and proto‐oncogenes, independent selection determines potential for G4 DNA formation of 5′ regulatory regions of transcripts and downstream coding regions. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proposed neuroimaging criteria for the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy
Authors: Brooks David J. , Seppi Klaus ,   for the Neuroimaging Working Group on MSA
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this article, we review the state of the art knowledge concerning structural and functional imaging in multiple system atrophy (MSA). The relative value of imaging modalities in the differential diagnosis of MSA from other parkinsonian syndromes is debated. It is concluded that, although neuroimaging biomarkers provide valuable supportive data alongside clinical assessments, it is not possible to use them as surrogate markers. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Sensory functions in dystonia: Insights from behavioral studies
Authors: Tinazzi Michele , Fiorio Mirta , Fiaschi Antonio , Rothwell John C. , Bhatia Kailash P. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe pathophysiology of primary dystonia is thought to involve dysfunction of the basal ganglia cortico‐striatal‐thalamo‐cortical motor circuits. In the past, emphasis was placed on the role of the basal ganglia in controlling movements; in more recent times, however, it has also become clear that they play an important part in sensory as well as cognitive functions. Here, we review evidence for dysfunction of sensory processing in patients with dystonia, and speculate that this may lead to abnormalities in a crucial role of the basal ganglia that links sensory information to appropriate motor output. Sensory function, particularly in the somatosensory domain, has been shown to be compromised in patients with primary dystonia, both in adult onset focal dystonia and in genetically characterized DYT1 dystonia. Given that nonaffected DYT1 gene carriers may show similar abnormalities to clinically affected individuals, sensory deficits could constitute a subclinical endophenotypic trait of disease that precedes overt clinical manifestations. Whether they can trigger primary dystonia or are an epiphenomenon is an issue warranting further study, but the fact that a number of different neurorehabilitative approaches explicitly manipulate somatosensory inputs to improve motor function suggests there may be a causal link between them. We believe that in future, randomized, blind and controlled studies in large patient populations should address this issue, providing efficient strategies to aid functional recovery, particularly in focal hand dystonia, where the available medical treatments offer little benefit. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Microsurgical replantation of a partial helix of the ear
Authors: Kim Kwang Seog , Kim Eui Sik , Hwang Jae Ha , Lee Sam Yong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractMicrosurgical ear replantation is a significant challenge because vessel sizes are diminutive. Furthermore, as ear vessels are larger in the medial portion than in the lateral portion, microsurgical replantation of a replant including only the helix is extremely difficult. The authors replanted a partial helix of the ear using a single arterial anastomosis. As no suitable veins could be identified, medicinal leech therapy and systemic heparinization were used to achieve venous drainage. The replanted helix survived completely and the cosmetic result was excellent. Microsurgical replantation should be considered the treatment of choice in helix amputation cases, even though amount of replant is small. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2009.
A novel composite right/left‐handed transmission line with zero‐order resonant frequency
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Nan , Wu Di , Zhu Hongbo , Chen Bing‐Hui 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn this letter, a novel zero‐order‐resonant composite right/left‐handed transmission line (CRLH‐TL) is investigated and its equivalent circuit is proposed. Both the numerical simulations and the theoretical analysis show that the zero‐order resonant frequency occurs at 1.42 GHz, due to introduction of the spiral inductor, and the stop band between the left‐handed pass band and the right‐handed one disappears. We measure experimentally the five‐stage CRLH‐TL. The measurement results are in agreement with those of the simulations and theory. The CRLH‐TL with zero‐order resonant has potential for applications in miniaturization of microwave devices. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1592–1595, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24342
On the effects of the radial basis function scale parameter on the numerical solution of partial differential equations
Authors: Hutchcraft W. Elliott , Gordon Richard K. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractRadial Basis Functions have received significant attention in the scientific literature over the past several years. Specifically, they have been investigated extensively in the field of neural networks. They have been shown to have very good interpolation qualities and this property has led to the research presented in this letter. In this letter, radial basis functions are used in a meshless method using collocation to solve a simple electromagnetics problem; the main intent of this letter is to investigate the effects of the variation of the scale parameter present in the radial basis function. In particular, we will see its effects upon both the condition number of the resulting matrix and the solution accuracy. Some of the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method will be discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1520–1524, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24347
A fully integrated 2.4‐GHz CMOS RF transceiver for low‐rate wireless sensor networks
Authors: Kwon Ickjin , Song Seong‐Sik , Eo Yunseong 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article describes a low‐power and low‐cost fully integrated 2.4 GHz IEEE 802.15.4 RF transceiver for low‐rate wireless sensor networks. The RF transceiver adopts the single‐IF direct‐conversion architecture. For the high linearity, the RF receiver front end utilizes the current mirror amplifier as well as the transconductance linearization technique. The single‐IF I/Q modulation transmitter is integrated with the current‐mode analog baseband circuit and up‐mixer using the current mirror amplifier. The frequency synthesizer based on an integer‐N PLL topology offering 1.92 GHz differential and 0.48 GHz quadrature LO signals is also integrated on the RF transceiver. The fully integrated transceiver is fabricated in a 0.18‐μm CMOS technology and its die size is 3.7 mm × 3.6 mm including ESD I/O pads. It achieves the −94 dBm receiver sensitivity, 8 dB receiver chain noise figure, and maximum transmitter output power of 1 dBm while drawing power consumption of 31 mW in the receive mode and 42 mW in the transmit mode with the 1.8 V supply. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1481–1487, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24349
A 42‐GHz transmitter linearization using predistortion IF amplifier
Authors: Tsai Jeng‐Han 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article presents a millimeter‐wave (MMW) transmitter linearization using predistortion IF amplifier. The predistortion IF amplifier was designed in 0.18‐μm CMOS technology at 2.4 GHz. It can provide predistortion function at IF port to linearize the whole MMW transmitter. The 42‐GHz transmitter module is custom design. After linearization, 8 dB ACPR improvement of the 42‐GHz MMW transmitter module can be achieved. The linear output power of the 42‐GHz transmitter module has been increased 2 dBm for the same linearity requirements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1450–1452, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24351
Hearing aid‐compatible internal penta‐band antenna for clamshell mobile phone
Authors: Wong Kin‐Lu , Tu Ming‐Fang 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article presents a promising internal penta‐band antenna for the clamshell mobile phone to meet the hearing aid compatibility (HAC) standard ANSI C63.19‐2006. The antenna is an ultra‐wideband (UWB) coupled‐fed loop antenna to be mounted at the hinge of the clamshell mobile phone. Over the five operating bands of GSM850/900/1800/1900/UMTS covered by the antenna, the near‐field distributions and their E‐field and H‐field strengths on the 50 × 50 mm2 reference plane centered 10 mm above the center of the acoustic output of the mobile phone are evaluated. From the obtained near‐field strengths, all the five operating bands fall into the M3 or M4 category, making the mobile phone with the studied internal antenna as a hearing aid‐compatible wireless device. Effects of various groundplane lengths of the mobile phone on the HAC results are also analyzed. In addition, the mobile phone with the studied internal antenna also meets the specific absorption rate (SAR) limit of 1.6 W/kg for the 1 g head tissue or 2.0 W/kg for the 10 g head tissue. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1408–1413, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24353
Design of a CMOS LNA with an integrated on‐chip filter for DVB‐S applications
Authors: Yang Chin‐Lung 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA low noise amplifier (LNA) and a lumped‐element Chebychev‐type bandpass filter (BPF) co‐design, intended for using in digital video broadcasting satellite (DVB‐S), which were fabricated in the TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS technology is presented. The two‐stage LNA is constructed based on the source‐degenerated cascode topology for its superior noise performance and reverse isolation. Moreover, a miniaturized BPF with one transmission zero is connected to the output of the LNA that helps to improve the rejection level in the lower stopband. Experiment results demonstrated a good out‐band suppressed below 60 dB at 7.2 GHz, a maximum power gain of 12 dB, a minimum NF of 4.78 dB, and an IIP3 of −1 dBm while drawing 9.4 mA from a 1.8 V supply. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1580–1584, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.24355