bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New delay‐dependent stability criteria for descriptor systems with interval time delay
Authors: Wang Cuihong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper provides a delay‐dependent criterion for a class of descriptor systems with a delay varying in an interval. This criterion, which can ensure the descriptor system is regular, impulse free and stable, involves fewer matrix variables but has less conservatism. Numerical examples illustrate the advantage of the criterion.Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
An immune paradox: How can the same chemokine axis regulate both immune tolerance and activation?
Authors: Comerford Iain , Bunting Mark , Fenix Kevin , Haylock‐Jacobs Sarah , Litchfield Wendel , Harata‐Lee Yuka , Turvey Michelle , Brazzatti Julie , Gregor Carly , Nguyen Phillip , Kara Ervin , McColl Shaun R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChemokines (chemotactic cytokines) drive and direct leukocyte traffic. New evidence suggests that the unusual CCR6/CCL20 chemokine receptor/ligand axis provides key homing signals for recently identified cells of the adaptive immune system, recruiting both pro‐inflammatory and suppressive T cell subsets. Thus CCR6 and CCL20 have been recently implicated in various human pathologies, particularly in autoimmune disease. These studies have revealed that targeting CCR6/CCL20 can enhance or inhibit autoimmune disease depending on the cellular basis of pathogenesis and the cell subtype most affected through different CCR6/CCL20 manipulations. Here, we discuss the significance of this chemokine receptor/ligand axis in immune and inflammatory functions, consider the potential for targeting CCR6/CCL20 in human autoimmunity and propose that the shared evolutionary origins of pro‐inflammatory and regulatory T cells may contribute to the reason why both immune activation and regulation might be controlled through the same chemokine pathway.
SMN and Gemins: ‘We are family’ … or are we?
Authors: Cauchi Ruben J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractGemins 2–8 and Unr‐interacting protein (UNRIP) are intimate partners of the survival motor neuron (SMN) protein, which is the determining factor for the neuromuscular disorder spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The most documented role of SMN, Gemins and UNRIP occurs within the large macromolecular SMN complex and involves the cytoplasmic assembly of spliceosomal uridine‐rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (UsnRNPs), a housekeeping process critical in all cells. Several reports detailing alternative functions for SMN in either motor neurons or skeletal muscles may, however, hold the answer to the extreme neuromuscular tissue specificity observed in SMA. Recent discoveries indicate that collaboration between SMN and Gemins also extends to these non‐canonical functions, hence raising the possibility that mutations in Gemin genes may be the cause of unlinked neuromuscular hereditary syndromes. This review evaluates the functions of Gemins and UNRIP inside the SMN complex and discusses whether these less notorious SMN complex members are capable of acting independently of SMN.
First year medical students' approaches to study and their outcomes in a gross anatomy course
Authors: Ward Peter J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThree approaches to study have been described in phenomenographic educational research: deep, strategic, and surface. Deep approaches to learning have been correlated with meaningful learning and academic success, whereas surface approaches produce an externalization of learning and poor outcomes. Students adopting a strategic approach adopt either a deep or surface approach in response to perceived examination demands. Despite being well known in Europe and Australia, this research paradigm has been applied sporadically in the United States. In this study, the approaches to study of a group of first year American medical students were collected using the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students instrument at the beginning and end of their first year to find how consistent these approaches remained over time. At both times, the majority of participants adopted deep approaches, followed by strategic and then surface approaches. The percentage of participants using a surface approach grew during the first year but never exceeded 10%. The mean anatomy grades of students adopting each approach were then compared to find how each approach correlated with success in the course. Mean grades of students using a strategic approach were significantly higher than average at both times. Students who maintained a strategic approach throughout the first year had significantly higher mean grades than average while students who changed to a surface approach had significantly worse mean anatomy grades. Problem‐based students had significantly higher scores on several deep submeasures than lecture‐based peers and female students demonstrated greater fear of failure than male peers at both times. Clin. Anat. 24:120–127, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The virtosome—a novel cytosolic informative entity and intercellular messenger
Authors: Gahan Peter B. , Stroun Maurice 
Published: October 2010

AbstractStudies on a range of prokaryote and eukaryote cells and tissues have shown that a newly synthesized DNA/RNA–lipoprotein complex is released in a regulated manner. This complex, termed a virtosome, is a novel cytosolic component of eukaryote cells. The released virtosomes can readily enter other cells where they can modify the biology of the recipient cells. Such modifications include immunological changes and transformation from normal to cancer cells. The virtosomes form a normal component of the circulating nucleic acids in plasma and serum currently used for clinical diagnostic purposes. Given the transformative powers of virtosomes released from tumour cells, the presence of such a complex in human plasma could readily offer the basis of an alternative mechanism for the initiation of metastases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alteration of nuclear protein profiling for NIH‐3T3 cells exposed to H2O2
Authors: Liu Yawei , He Minyi , Sun Xuegang , Peng Kang , Zhao Liang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOxidative stress is a threat to mammalian cells. To better understand the molecular response and mechanism underlying oxidative stress, we applied two‐dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐fight mass spectrometry analysis to identify differential nuclear protein profiling of mouse fibroblast NIH‐3T3 cells exposed to mild‐H2O2. Thirteen differentially expressed proteins were identified by MS and two of them were further validated by Western blot. The results revealed that exposure to mild‐H2O2 for 12 h cause up‐regulated expression of DJ‐1, glutathione S‐transferase P 1, DNA ligase I, dynamin 2, nucleophosmin, and down‐regulated expression of nucleoside diphosphate kinase A, enolase‐α, barrier‐to‐autointegration factor 1, metastasis associated protein 1, glycosytransferase‐like domain containing protein 1, synaptonemal complex protein 1, alpha‐centractin, bromodomain, and PHD finger containing 1 (BRPF1). Most of the identified proteins are supported as nuclear proteins localized by previous research. The findings may provide some clues to elucidate cell responses to H2O2 and the potential mechanism underlying protection against oxidative stress in fibroblast cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microparticles in physiological and in pathological conditions
Authors: Roos Maria Augusta , Gennero Luisa , Denysenko Tetyana , Reguzzi Stefano , Cavallo Giovanni , Pescarmona Gian Piero , Ponzetto Antonio 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChronic diseases pose a severe burden to modern National Health Systems. Individuals nowadays have a far more extended lifespan than in the past, but healthy living was only scantily extended. As much as longer life is desirable, it is saddened by chronic diseases and organ malfunctions. One contributor to these problems was recognized to be represented by microparticles (MPs). Our purpose is to better understand MPs, to contrast their ominous threat and possible clinical importance. For this intent we correlated MPs with thrombotic pathologies, hemophilia, malaria, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, endothelial dysfunctions, pulmonary hypertension, ischemic stroke, pre‐eclampsia, rheumatologic diseases—rheumatoid arthritis, polymyositis—dermatomyositis, angiogenesis and tumor progression—cancer; we listed the possibilities of using them to improve transfusion methods, as a marker for acute allograft rejection, in stem cell transplantation, as neuronal biomarkers, to understand gender‐specific susceptibility for diseases and to improve vaccination methods and we presented some methods for the detection of MPs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
House dust mite regulate the lung inflammation of asthmatic mice through TLR4 pathway in airway epithelial cells
Authors: Hongjia Li , Qingling Gai , Meiying Lin , Weixuan Wang , Lihong Zhang , Yongsheng Gao , Yanli Li , Jinxiang Wu , Liang Dong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAberrant innate and adaptive immune responsed to allergens and environmental pollutants lead to respiratory allergic disease such as asthma. In this study, we focused on toll‐like receptor‐4 (TLR4) expressed on airway epithelium to identify house dust mite (HDM)‐regulated allergic inflammation via TLR4 signaling pathway and the triggering to alveolar macrophages (AM)‐driven adaptive immune response. The authors found that mouse exposed to HDM showed more eosinophils, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes as well as total cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) confirmed by flow cytometry. Besides, the expression of TLR4 in airway epithelial cells was significantly increased in both mRNA and protein levels in mice treated with HDM and the expression of CD40 and CD86 in AM was also increased in mice exposed to HDM. Tight correlation between TLR4 protein and CD40, CD86 in AM was identified. This study demonstrates that TLR4 expression on airway epithelium played an essential role in HDM‐induced activation of AM in immune responses and allergic inflammation. The airway epithelial TLR4 signaling pathway revealed tight connection between endotoxin exposure and asthma prevalence in the clinic. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Silica induces cell cycle changes through PI‐3K/AP‐1 pathway in human embryo lung fibroblast cells
Authors: Jia Xiaowei , Liu Bingci , Ye Meng , Liu Haifeng , Shi Xianglin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractExposure to silica is associated with progressive pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. Our previous study had demonstrated silica exposure could cause cell cycle alternation and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) activation. This study showed that silica exposure induced phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase (p70S6K) and Akt in human embryo lung fibroblasts (HELFs). These changes were blocked by overexpression of dominant‐negative mutants of phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase (Δp85) or Akt (DN‐Akt), respectively. Moreover, pretreatment of cells with rapamycin, a specific p70S6K inhibitor, could inhibit silica‐induced cell cycle alteration, AP‐1 activation, and phosphorylation of p70S6K, but had no effect on Akt phosphorylation. This suggested that phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase (PI‐3K)/AP‐1 pathway was likely responsible for cell cycle changes. Furthermore, we observed the effect of the pathway on cell cycle regulatory proteins. Our results indicated that inactivation of PI‐3K, Akt, or p70S6K could inhibit silica‐induced overexpression of cyclin D1 and cyclin‐dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and decreased expression of E2F‐4. Taken together, silica could induce cell cycle changes through PI‐3K/ AP‐1 pathway in HELFs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Atomic‐Scale Observation of the Ni Activation Process for Partial Oxidation of Methane Using In Situ Environmental TEM
Authors: Chenna Santhosh , Banerjee Ritubarna , Crozier Peter A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn situ environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) studies on nanostructures, in parallel with conversion and selectivity measurements, have been carried out on Ni/SiO2 catalysts for partial oxidation of methane, in order to elucidate structure–property relationships. In situ ETEM experiments under different gas conditions are carried out to simulate the various gas atmospheres that exist in the reactor. During ramp‐up in CH4 and O2, Ni metal particles transform to void‐like NiO particles at temperatures above 300 °C due to preferential migration of Ni cations along grain boundaries and extended defects. As the temperature increases, the gas environment becomes more reducing, transforming NiO back to Ni and favoring syngas formation. The NiO reduction mechanism also involves diffusion of Ni cations along grain boundaries and extended defects. This transformation pathway suppresses the formation Ni metal crystallites on the catalyst surface during the early stage in NiO reduction. Syngas formation only takes place during the later stages of NiO reduction, when Ni metal nanoparticles have broken through the NiO shell.
Expression ofSlitandRobogenes in the developing mouse heart
Authors: Medioni Caroline , Bertrand Nicolas , Mesbah Karim , Hudry Bruno , Dupays Laurent , Wolstein Orit , Washkowitz Andrew J. , Papaioannou Virginia E. , Mohun Timothy J. , Harvey Richard P. , Zaffran Stéphane 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDevelopment of the mammalian heart is mediated by complex interactions between myocardial, endocardial, and neural crest‐derived cells. Studies inDrosophilahave shown that the Slit‐Robo signaling pathway controls cardiac cell shape changes and lumen formation of the heart tube. Here, we demonstrate by in situ hybridization that multiple Slit ligands and Robo receptors are expressed in the developing mouse heart.Slit3is the predominant ligand transcribed in the early mouse heart and is expressed in the ventral wall of the linear heart tube and subsequently in chamber but not in atrioventricular canal myocardium. Furthermore, we identify that the homeobox geneNkx2‐5is required for early ventral restriction ofSlit3and that the T‐box transcription factor Tbx2 mediates repression ofSlit3in nonchamber myocardium. Our results suggest that patterned Slit‐Robo signaling may contribute to the control of oriented cell growth during chamber morphogenesis of the mammalian heart. Developmental Dynamics 239:3303–3311, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of a novel type I keratin gene and generation of transgenic lines with fluorescent reporter genes driven by its promoter/enhancer in Xenopus laevis
Authors: Suzuki Ken‐ichi T. , Kashiwagi Keiko , Ujihara Motomu , Marukane Takuzo , Tazaki Akira , Watanabe Kenji , Mizuno Nobuhiko , Ueda Yoko , Kondoh Hisato , Kashiwagi Akihiko , Mochii Makoto 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe investigated the characteristics of a novel type I keratin gene in Xenopus laevis during ontogenesis. The transcript was first detected in the posterior region at the late neurula stage, and then restricted to the fin and external gill during embryogenesis. To examine the transcriptional regulation of the keratin gene in vivo, we generated transgenic lines with fluorescent reporter genes driven by its 4.2‐kb upstream sequence. The promoter/enhancer activity recapitulated the endogenous gene expression during embryogenesis. Sequential deletion analyses revealed that the regions proximal to the promoter were essential for fin‐specific expression. Reporter expression was detected in various organs, including the fin and gill. In particular, robust expression was observed in the developing limbs and gill. The reporter fluorescence rapidly decreased with internal gill resorption during metamorphosis. The transgenic lines carrying the promoter/enhancer should represent valuable tools for elucidating the formation, development and resorption of various organs, especially the gill. Developmental Dynamics 239:3172–3181, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Epoxidation of Alkenes with H2O2 Catalyzed by Dititanium‐Containing 19‐Tungstodiarsenate(III): Experimental and Theoretical Studies
Authors: Donoeva Baira G. , Trubitsina Tatiana A. , Antonova Nadya S. , Carbó Jorge J. , Poblet Josep M. , Al‐Kadamany Ghada , Kortz Ulrich , Kholdeeva Oxana A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEpoxidation of a range of alkenes with aqueous H2O2 easily proceeds in the presence of the dititanium‐containing 19‐tungstodiarsenate(III) [Ti2(OH)2As2W19O67(H2O)]8– (1), which contains five‐coordinate Ti atoms. The results of product and kinetics studies support a mechanism that involves a reversible interaction between H2O2 and the Ti–OH group of 1 to produce a titanium hydroperoxo complex followed by electrophilic oxygen atom transfer from the hydroperoxo ligand to the alkene substrate in the rate‐limiting step. The effect of the alkene substrate nature has been investigated at the DFT level. A clear correlation between the energy of πC=C orbitals in the alkene and the turnover frequency values has been found, thereby indicating that the higher nucleophilicity of the alkene, the higher the reactivity. ONIOM (ONIOM = our own n‐layered integrated molecular orbital and molecular mechanics) calculations have been employed to evaluate the role of steric effects of alkene substituents. The calculations show that the steric bulk can play a secondary role and tunes the activity in specific cases such as trans‐stilbene.
Direct Access to Cumbersome Aminated Quaternary Centers by Hyperbaric Aza‐Michael Additions
Authors: Rulev Alexander Yu. , Azad Saleha , Kotsuki Hiyoshizo , Maddaluno Jacques 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe aza‐Michael addition of secondary amines to α,β‐ or β,β‐disubstituted α,β‐unsaturated esters was efficiently achieved under high pressure (10–16 kbar) in protic solvents in the absence of any catalyst. The expected cumbersome β‐aminoesters bearing a tertiary amine directly connected to a quaternary carbon atom could be isolated in fair to good yields. By using α,β,δ,γ‐unsaturated esters (alkyl sorbate), the addition took place regioselectively in a 1,6 manner and afforded the β,γ‐unsaturated δ‐aminoesters.
Cognitive processes in implicit attitude tasks: An experimental validation of the Trip Model
Authors: Nadarevic Lena , Erdfelder Edgar 
Published: October 2010

AbstractImplicit attitude tasks have become very popular in various areas of psychology. However, little is known about the cognitive processes they involve. To address this issue, we investigated the underlying processes of the Go/No‐go Association Task (GNAT), a go/no‐go variant of the well‐known Implicit Association Test (IAT). More precisely, we tested two alternative multinomial processing tree (MPT) models of GNAT performance, the Trip Model and the generalized Quad Model. Both models assume that GNAT performance is influenced not only by automatic associations but also by response biases and a controlled discrimination process. However, the two models differ with respect to an additional overcoming bias process. In contrast to the Quad Model, the Trip Model assumes that overcoming bias does not play a major role in GNAT performance. Instead, the Trip Model emphasizes the role of response biases. We report three experiments that demonstrate the validity of the Trip Model for GNAT data. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Textile‐based Electrochemical Sensing: Effect of Fabric Substrate and Detection of Nitroaromatic Explosives
Authors: Chuang Min‐Chieh , Windmiller Joshua Ray , Santhosh Padmanabhan , Ramírez Gabriela Valdés , Galik Michal , Chou Tzu‐Yang , Wang Joseph 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study examines the influence of textile substrates upon the behavior of wearable screen‐printed electrodes and demonstrates the attractive sensing properties of these sensors towards the detection of nitroaromatic explosives. Compared to electrodes printed on common cotton or polyester substrates, GORE‐TEX‐based electrochemical sensors display reproducible background cyclic voltammograms, reflecting the excellent water‐repellant properties of the GORE‐TEX fabric. The wetting properties of different printed textile electrodes are elucidated using contact angle measurements. The influence of laundry washing and mechanical stress is explored. The GORE‐TEX‐based printed electrodes exhibit favorable detection of 2,4‐dinitrotoluene (DNT) and 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) explosives, including rapid detection of DNT vapor.
An Electrochemical Approach for the Cucurbit[7]uril/Carbendazim Supramolecular Inclusion Complex. Application to Carbendazim Determination in Apples
Authors: del Pozo María , Alonso Marina , Hernández Lucas , Quintana Carmen 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis work presents the electrochemical behaviour of the supramolecular complex formed between the macrocyclic receptor cucurbit[7]uril and the fungicide carbendazim. Moreover, this host molecule is used to develop a selective and sensitive differential pulse voltammetric method for the determination of carbendazim through its cucurbit[7]uril inclusion complex, allowing the detection of the analyte at 4.25×10−9 M. The method was applied to the determination of the fungicide in untreated apple peel samples after a matrix solid‐phase dispersion sample preparation procedure. The detection limit calculated for this real sample was 0.17 mg kg−1, which is below the legally allowed limit of 0.20 mg kg−1.
Uncertainty matters: impact of stimulus ambiguity on infant social referencing
Authors: Kim Geunyoung , Kwak Keumjoo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMost infant social referencing studies have assumed that infants would be more likely to engage in social looking and be influenced by adults' message when a context is ambiguous. The present study empirically tested the effect of stimulus ambiguity on infants' referencing behaviours, with three different stimuli (positive, ambiguous, and negative), two different messages (happy and fearful), two different message providers (mother and stranger), and in two age groups (12 and 16 month olds). A typical social referencing paradigm was used and infants' social looking and regulation were measured. Infants looked at adults more frequently and faster during ambiguous situations than during unambiguous situations. They also tended to regulate their affect and behaviour based on adults' message only towards ambiguous toys. Older infants tended to look at adults faster, and showed stronger reactions towards ambiguous stimuli than younger infants, suggesting that infants' social development may moderate the effect of stimulus ambiguity on social referencing. Overall, results indicated that the ambiguity postulate is a legitimate assumption for infant social referencing. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binary quantile regression: a Bayesian approach based on the asymmetric Laplace distribution
Authors: Benoit Dries F. , Van den Poel Dirk 
Published: October 2010

SUMMARYThis paper develops a Bayesian method for quantile regression for dichotomous response data. The frequentist approach to this type of regression has proven problematic in both optimizing the objective function and making inferences on the parameters. By accepting additional distributional assumptions on the error terms, the Bayesian method proposed sets the problem in a parametric framework in which these problems are avoided. To test the applicability of the method, we ran two Monte Carlo experiments and applied it to Horowitz's (1993) often studied work‐trip mode choice dataset. Compared to previous estimates for the latter dataset, the method proposed leads to a different economic interpretation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.