bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Trauma Operative Management Course: Participant Survey
Authors: Jacobs Lenworth , Burns Karyl , Luk Stephen , Hull Stephanie 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe Advanced Trauma Operative Management (ATOM) course uses standardized porcine simulation to teach the repair of penetrating trauma. It is offered in 26 sites in the United States, Canada, Africa, the Middle East, and Japan. The purpose of the present study was to query ATOM participants regarding their perceptions of the value and influence of the ATOM course on knowledge, confidence, and skill to repair penetrating injuries.MethodsAn anonymous, voluntary survey was posted on the Internet at surveymonkey.com. E‐mail notification was sent to all 1,001 ATOM participants through May 2008. Items requested agreement/disagreement on a 5‐point Likert scale and space for comments. Agreement indicated positive perceptions of ATOM.ResultsA total of 962 surgeons received the request to complete the survey; 444 ATOM participants from 36 states and 17 countries participated, for a response rate of 46%. Range of agreement with all of the items was 75.4–99.0%. Results include the following: 78.9% (95% CI, 74.7–82.6%) can identify injuries more quickly; 80.7% (95% CI, 76.6–84.3%) have a more organized operative approach; 81.1% (95% CI, 77.0–84.6%) can control bleeding more quickly; 86.1% (95% CI, 82.4–89.2%) can control injuries more effectively; 86.4% (95% CI, 82.7–89.4%) are more competent trauma surgeons; 87.0% are more confident (95% CI, 83.4–89.9%), and 89.2% are more knowledgeable (95% CI, 85.8–91.8%) about repairing penetrating injuries; 99% (95% CI, 97.4–99.7%) said ATOM is worthwhile. Overall, 87.4% of the comments were positive.ConclusionsParticipants worldwide perceive that ATOM is worthwhile and helps surgeons improve knowledge, confidence, and skill in repairing penetrating injuries.
Middle pancreatectomy for pancreatic neoplasms
Authors: Hirono Seiko , Yamaue Hiroki 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundA middle pancreatectomy (MP) is a parenchyma‐preserving procedure for benign or low‐malignant neoplasms in the neck or body of the pancreas that reduces long‐term endocrine and exocrine insufficiency. MP requires the handling of 2 (distal and proximal) pancreatic remnants, and therefore, the higher rates of pancreatic fistula and morbidity may occur after MP rather than after standard pancreatectomies, such as for a pancreaticoduodenectomy and distal pancreatectomy. Though there have so far been few reports regarding a high number of series in MP as opposed to standard pancreatic resections, recently reports describing more than 50 case outcomes of MP were published.MethodsA literature search, which examined articles related to MP, was performed using the PubMed database. Data were compiled to generate conglomerate results of mortality and morbidity rates, and the long‐term pancreatic functional insufficiency and recurrence after MP.ResultsThe mortality rates varied from 0 to 3%, and the morbidity from 13 to 62%. The rates of pancreatic fistula in more than 50 cases of MP varied from 8 to 30%. The rates of endocrine and exocrine insufficiency were very low (range, 0–9% and 0–8%, respectively).ConclusionsMP is a safe procedure for the treatment of benign or low‐grade malignant neoplasms in the pancreatic neck or body, and in this procedure, the postoperative endocrine and exocrine functions are well preserved.
Moving Toward Comprehensiveness and Sustainability in a Social Ecological Approach to Youth Violence Prevention: Lessons from the Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center
Authors: Umemoto Karen , Baker Charlene K. , Helm Susana , Miao Tai-An , Goebert Deborah A. , Hishinuma Earl S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractYouth violence is a serious public health problem affecting communities across the United States. The use of a social ecological approach has helped reduce its prevalence. However, those who have put the approach into practice often face challenges to effective implementation. Addressing social ecology in all its complexity presents one obstacle; the ability of private non‐profit and public agencies to sustain such comprehensive efforts presents another. Here, we provide an example of our efforts to prevent youth violence. We worked with the Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center (APIYVPC) and two communities on Oahu. We provide a case example from the Asian/Pacific Islander Youth Violence Prevention Center (APIYVPC) of our work, in collaboration with two communities on Oahu, to develop and implement a youth violence prevention initiative that is becoming both comprehensive and sustainable. We illustrate the incremental nature of what it means to be comprehensive and we underscore the importance of reaching sustainability as the project unfolds.
3D Simulation of Nano-Imprint Lithography
Authors: Marín Jose Manuel Román , Rasmussen Henrik Koblitz , Hassager Ole 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
A proof of concept study of the feasibility of fully three-dimensional (3D) time-dependent simulation of nano-imprint lithography of polymer melt, where the polymer is treated as a structured liquid, has been presented. Considering the flow physics of the polymer as a structured liquid, we have followed the line initiated by de Gennes, using a Molecular Stress Function model of the Doi and Edwards type. We have used a 3D Lagrangian Galerkin finite element methods implemented on a parallel computer architecture. In a Lagrangian techniques, the node point follows the particle movement, allowing for the movement of free surfaces or interfaces. We have extended the method to handle the dynamic movement of the contact line between the polymer melt and stamp during mold filling.
Profile Prediction and Fabrication of Wet-Etched Gold Nanostructures for Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Zhou Xiaodong , Zhang Nan , Tan Christina 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Dispersed nanosphere lithography can be employed to fabricate gold nanostructures for localized surface plasmon resonance, in which the gold film evaporated on the nanospheres is anisotropically dry etched to obtain gold nanostructures. This paper reports that by wet etching of the gold film, various kinds of gold nanostructures can be fabricated in a cost-effective way. The shape of the nanostructures is predicted by profile simulation, and the localized surface plasmon resonance spectrum is observed to be shifting its extinction peak with the etching time.
(See supplementary material 1)
Speech delays and behavioral problems are the predominant features in individuals with developmental delays and 16p11.2 microdeletions and microduplications
Authors: Rosenfeld Jill A. , Coppinger Justine , Bejjani Bassem A. , Girirajan Santhosh , Eichler Evan E. , Shaffer Lisa G. , Ballif Blake C. 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Microdeletions and microduplications encompassing a ~593-kb region of 16p11.2 have been implicated as one of the most common genetic causes of susceptibility to autism/autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We report 45 microdeletions and 32 microduplications of 16p11.2, representing 0.78% of 9,773 individuals referred to our laboratory for microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) testing for neurodevelopmental and congenital anomalies. The microdeletion was de novo in 17 individuals and maternally inherited in five individuals for whom parental testing was available. Detailed histories of 18 individuals with 16p11.2 microdeletions were reviewed; all had developmental delays with below-average intelligence, and a majority had speech or language problems or delays and various behavioral problems. Of the 16 individuals old enough to be evaluated for autism, the speech/behavior profiles of seven did not suggest the need for ASD evaluation. Of the remaining nine individuals who had speech/behavior profiles that aroused clinical suspicion of ASD, five had formal evaluations, and three had PDD-NOS. Of the 19 microduplications with parental testing, five were de novo, nine were maternally inherited, and five were paternally inherited. A majority with the microduplication had delayed development and/or specific deficits in speech or language, though these features were not as consistent as seen with the microdeletions. This study, which is the largest cohort of individuals with 16p11.2 alterations reported to date, suggests that 16p11.2 microdeletions and microduplications are associated with a high frequency of cognitive, developmental, and speech delay and behavior abnormalities. Furthermore, although features associated with these alterations can be found in individuals with ASD, additional factors are likely required to lead to the development of ASD.
“The way that can be told of is not an unvarying way”: Cultural impacts on Operations Management in Asia
Authors: Metters R. , Zhao X. , Bendoly E. , Jiang B. , Young S. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis special issue is dedicated to Operations Management (OM) in Asia. A requirement for the special issue articles is that they have content related to the effects of national culture on OM. Here, the OM literature is combined with work from Anthropology and Women's Studies to provide a wide view of the effects of various Asian cultures on OM. The basic premise is that OM decisions may need to take culture into account: some OM practices are altered or precluded by culture, while others are more effective in some cultures than others. Numerous examples are provided involving quality management, shift scheduling, revenue management, facility location, layout, supply chain strategies, and other areas.
The globalization of operations in Eastern and Western countries: Unpacking the relationship between national and organizational culture and its impact on manufacturing performance
Authors: Naor Michael , Linderman Kevin , Schroeder Roger 
Published: November 2009

AbstractUnderstanding national and organizational culture becomes increasingly important in the era of transnational manufacturing. As the world becomes flat and boundaries break down, manufacturers need to understand the proper role of culture in order to obtain competitive advantage. Thus, the current study conducts a multilevel investigation of the impact of eight national and organizational culture dimensions (according to GLOBE framework) on manufacturing performance. An ANOVA comparison of 189 manufacturing plants between Eastern (Japan and South Korea) and Western (Germany, United States, Finland, and Sweden) countries indicates that organizational culture inside plants differs in three dimensions (power distance, future orientation, and performance orientation). Hierarchical Linear Modeling analysis further suggests that organizational culture has more of an effect on manufacturing performance than national culture or the fit between them. In addition, Country Developmental Indexes, both Economic and Infrastructural, do not impact manufacturing performance, reinforcing our conclusion about the weak influence of the national level factors on manufacturing performance. In an era of globalization, these results have practical implications for organizations expanding across national boundaries by developing an internal organizational culture consistent with high performance manufacturing.
The cultural characteristic of individualism/collectivism: A comparative study of implications for investment in operations between emerging Asian and industrialized Western countries
Authors: Power Damien , Schoenherr Tobias , Samson Danny 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis study provides insight into the importance of national culture, investment in operations, and performance in the context of emerging Asian economies with a collectivist orientation, which are compared to industrialized Western nations with an individualist orientation. Hypotheses are developed and tested based on the cultural concept of individualism/collectivism, the theory of performance frontiers, and the extent of economic development. More specifically, data collected from 639 manufacturing plants in nine countries are used to first assess the influence of the cultural trait of individualism/collectivism on the extent of investment in structural assets (specifically: physical and capital‐based) and infrastructural assets (specifically: team‐based methods and improvement programs). Second, the influence of the extent of economic development on these investment factors is measured. Third, evidence is provided supportive of the theory of performance frontiers, and the nature of resource investments in the context of the cultural construct of individualism/collectivism. And fourth, support is provided for the efficacy of this theory, as well as for its compatibility and association with the resource‐based view of the firm. Overall, this study makes important contributions to both theory and practice, and provides evidence for the role played by the cultural characteristic of individualism/collectivism in determining plant level investment outcomes in emerging Asian economies.
Quality management effectiveness in Asia: The influence of culture
Authors: Kull Thomas J. , Wacker John G. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractGlobalization forces managers to utilize manufacturing capabilities from countries with different cultures than their own, particularly from Asia. Yet quality problems in China have raised concerns among managers and researchers as to how to assure product quality from Asian facilities. Implementing quality management practices may accomplish this, but such practices assume specific cultural values exist in certain Asian cultures. Using global manufacturing and cultural data, this study examines if cultural values in Asian and non‐Asian countries moderate how effective quality management practices are at improving quality performance. Through the use of multilevel modeling, differences in quality management effectiveness are found among the East Asian cultures of China, South Korea, and Taiwan. Moreover, this study finds that specific cultural dimensions are statistically related to quality management effectiveness. The results of this study will assist managers in devising plans to assure higher quality from East Asian facilities and in predicting where problems may occur in other countries around the world.
Antecedents to supplier integration in the automotive industry: A multiple‐case study of foreign subsidiaries in China
Authors: Lockström Martin , Schadel Joachim , Harrison Norma , Moser Roger , Malhotra Manoj K. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractSupplier integration has become an important concept for improving supply chain performance. The aim of this paper is to identify factors that facilitate and inhibit supplier integration in the context of the Chinese automotive industry. An inductive approach based on grounded theory was chosen as the research methodology, where data was collected through 30 detailed case interviews with subsidiaries of foreign automotive companies operating in China. The results indicate that buyer‐side leadership is an important antecedent for building motivation, trust, and commitment among suppliers and for shaping their mindsets. This, in turn, facilitates strategic alignment and enables suppliers to build collaborative capabilities, which are finally shown to be a key enabler for successful supplier integration.
Implementing supply chain information integration in China: The role of institutional forces and trust⋆
Authors: Cai Shaohan , Jun Minjoon , Yang Zhilin 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of Chinese companies’ institutional environment on the development of trust and information integration between buyers and suppliers. Three aspects of China's institutional environment are salient: legal protection, government support, and the importance of guanxi (interpersonal relationships). This study uses structural equation modeling to analyze data collected from 398 Chinese manufacturing companies. Government support and importance of guanxi significantly affect trust, which subsequently influences two elements of information integration, namely, information sharing and collaborative planning. Furthermore, the importance of guanxi has a direct, positive impact on information sharing, and government support has a direct, positive effect on both information sharing and collaborative planning.
CHILDHOOD EXPOSURE TO DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS WIFE BEATING IN ADULT LIFE: A STUDY OF MEN IN INDIA
Authors: ZHU YING , DALAL KOUSTUV 
Published: November 2009

SummaryThis study examined men's justification of wife beating in relation to their perceived rights and autonomy using a nationally representative sample of 18,047 men in India with childhood exposure to parental violence. Five reasons for wife beating justification, four items of men's perceived rights, and five items of household autonomy were analysed using χ2 test and logistic regression. Among 18,047 participants, 67% justified wife beating. Low education, economic stress and being unmarried were generally more associated with justifying wife beating for all five reasons. Wife's refusal of sex and husband's final say on household autonomy are risk factors. Joint autonomy on household decision making and wife's autonomy on managing her own earnings are protective factors. Perceived relationship rights and autonomy are highly predictive of wife-beating justification for the men who have been exposed to parental violence during childhood. The study has significant implications for public health planners and education strategies.
Streaming potential generated by a drop moving along the centreline of a capillary
Authors: LAC ETIENNE , SHERWOOD J. D. 
Published: November 2009

The electrical streaming potential generated by a two-phase pressure-driven Stokes flow in a cylindrical capillary is computed numerically. The potential difference ΔΦ between the two ends of the capillary, proportional to the pressure difference Δp for single-phase flow, is modified by the presence of a suspended drop on the centreline of the capillary. We determine the change in ΔΦ caused by the presence of an uncharged insulating neutrally buoyant drop at a small electric Hartmann number, i.e. when the perturbation to the flow field caused by electric stresses is negligible.The drop velocity and deformation, and the consequent changes in the pressure difference Δp and streaming potential ΔΦ, depend upon three independent parameters: the size a of the undeformed drop relative to the radius R of the capillary; the viscosity ratio λ between the drop phase and the continuous phase; and the capillary number Ca which measures the ratio of viscous to capillary forces. We investigate how the streaming potential depends on these parameters: purely hydrodynamic aspects of the problem are discussed by Lac & Sherwood (J. Fluid Mech., doi:10.1017/S0022112009991212).The potential on the capillary wall is assumed sufficiently small so that the electrical double layer is described by the linearized Poisson–Boltzmann equation. The Debye length characterizing the thickness of the charge cloud is taken to be small compared with all other length scales, including the width of the gap between the drop and the capillary wall. The electric potential satisfies Laplace's equation, which we solve by means of a boundary integral method. The presence of the drop increases |ΔΦ| when the drop is more viscous than the surrounding fluid (λ > 1), though the change in |ΔΦ| can take either sign for λ < 1. However, the difference between ΔΦ and Δp (suitably non-dimensionalized) is always positive. Asymptotic predictions for the streaming potential in the case of a vanishingly small spherical droplet, and for large drops at high capillary numbers, agree well with computations.
REPRESENTATION c. 800: ARAB, BYZANTINE, CAROLINGIAN
Authors: Brubaker Leslie 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTWhat could or should be visually represented was a contested issue across the medieval Christian and Islamic world around the year 800. This article examines how Islamic, Byzantine, Carolingian and Palestinian Christian attitudes toward representation were expressed, and differed, across the seventh and eighth centuries. Islamic prohibitions against representing human figures were not universally recognised, but were particularly – if sometimes erratically – focused on mosque decoration. Byzantine ‘iconoclasm’ – more properly called iconomachy – was far less destructive than its later offshoots in France and England, and resulted in a highly nuanced re-definition of what representation meant in the Orthodox church. Carolingian attitudes toward images were on the whole far less passionate than either Islamic or Orthodox views, but certain members of the elite had strong views, which resulted in particular visual expressions. Palestinian Christians, living under Islamic rule, modulated their attitudes toward images to conform with local social beliefs. Particularly in areas under Orthodox or Islamic control, then, representation mattered greatly around the year 800, and this article examines how and why this impacted on local production.
Limit cycles of the generalized polynomial Liénard differential equations
Authors: LLIBRE JAUME , MEREU ANA CRISTINA , TEIXEIRA MARCO ANTONIO 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe apply the averaging theory of first, second and third order to the class of generalized polynomial Liénard differential equations. Our main result shows that for any n, m ≥ 1 there are differential equations of the form ẍ + f(x)ẋ + g(x) = 0, with f and g polynomials of degree n and m respectively, having at least [(n + m − 1)/2] limit cycles, where [·] denotes the integer part function.
The cultural politics of Dido and Aeneas
Authors: WELCH ANTHONY 
Published: November 2009

AbstractControversial efforts to find political allegory in Dido and Aeneas (c.1689), the great chamber opera by Nahum Tate and Henry Purcell, have obscured the opera's broader concern with the politics of culture. As rival political factions claimed ownership of the nation's cultural heritage, Tate and other dramatists in Restoration England asked searching questions about the relationship between the artist and political authority. Grappling with Virgil's Aeneid, a central text of Stuart absolutism, Dido and Aeneas explores the workings and the costs of partisan myth-making. The opera joins many other Restoration voices in taking up an ancient ‘chaste Dido’ tradition, which accused Virgil of mangling Dido's historical reputation in the service of imperial propaganda. Yet Dido does not set forth a topical allegory or a coherent critique of Stuart misrule, but takes an unstable, irresolute attitude towards the cultural legacy of Virgil, the aesthetics of female suffering, and the politics of royal praise.