bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling of a Pressure Element for Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack
Authors: Ryczek B. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe paper deals with the structural analysis of a corrugated pressure element for the SOFC stack. The aim of the element application is assurance of the fuel cell tightness and sufficient electrical contact between components by means of its uniform pressure. In this paper, a method of the pressure element modelling is proposed and results of its behaviour analysis for different assembly conditions (free ends, fixed ends and ends subjected to friction force) are presented. Vertical and horizontal stiffness of the corrugated element as a function of its geometrical parameters has been determined which facilitates computer simulation and engineering design of the element.
Oxygen Dissociation and Interfacial Transfer Rate on Performance of SOFCs with Metal‐Added (LaSr)(CoFe)O3‐(Ce,Gd)O2 – δ Cathodes
Authors: Huang T.‐J. , Chou C.‐L. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) unit is constructed with Ni‐Ce0.9Gd0.1O2 – δ (GDC) as the anode, yttria‐stabilised zirconia (YSZ) as the electrolyte and Pt, Ag or Cu‐added La0.58Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 – δ (LSCF)–GDC as the cathode. The current–voltage measurements are performed at 800 °C. Cu addition leads to best SOFC performance. LSCF–GDC–Cu is better than LSCF–GDC and much better than GDC as the material of the cathode interlayer. Cu content of 2 wt.‐% leads to best SOFC performance. A cathode functional layer calcined at 800 °C is better than that calcined at higher temperature. Metal addition increases the O2 dissociation reactivity but results in an interfacial resistance for O transfer. A balance between the rates of O2 dissociation and interfacial O transfer is needed for best SOFC performance.
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) Flow Field Plate: Design, Materials and Characterisation
Authors: Hamilton P. J. , Pollet B. G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis review describes some recent developments in the area of flow field plates (FFPs) for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). The function, parameters and design of FFPs in PEM fuel cells are outlined and considered in light of their performance. FFP materials and manufacturing methods are discussed and current in situ and ex situ characterisation techniques are described.
A Novel Approach to Engineer the Microstructure of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell materials
Authors: Ruiz‐Morales J. C. , Marrero‐López D. , Canales‐Vázquez J. , Núñez P. , Domínguez‐González J. M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA novel and cost‐effective process to accurately control the design of 3D structures of SOFC materials is proposed. A master mould is fabricated from a rubber‐based material. Metallic meshes are used to transfer any type of patterns to the rubber‐based material. The reusable master mould can then be filled with a slurry of inorganic materials made of single or complex oxides and other organic components commonly used in tape‐casting technology. After drying at room temperature, the master‐mould can be easily peeled‐off and then a slow thermal process allows obtaining a sintered material with precisely controlled features such as the size and distribution of the pore holes in the structure, the thickness of the electrode and electrolyte layers, type of patterning, etc. The potential advantages of micro‐ and nanoengineering of materials for energy applications are also discussed.
Mechanism of the decrease in catalytic activity of human cytochrome P450 2C9 polymorphic variants investigated by computational analysis
Authors: Sano Eri , Li Weihua , Yuki Hitomi , Liu Xinli , Furihata Tomomi , Kobayashi Kaoru , Chiba Kan , Neya Saburo , Hoshino Tyuji 
Published: May 2010

AbstractCytochrome P450 (CYP) is deeply involved in the metabolism of chemicals including pharmaceuticals. Therefore, polymorphisms of this enzyme have been widely studied to avoid unfavorable side effects of drugs in chemotherapy. In this work, we performed computational analysis of the mechanism of the decrease in enzymatic activity for three typical polymorphisms in CYP 2C9 species: *2, *3, and *5. Based on the equilibrated structure obtained by molecular dynamics simulation, the volume of the binding pocket and the fluctuation of amino residues responsible for substrate holding were compared between the wild type and the three variants. Further docking simulation was carried out to evaluate the appropriateness of the binding pocket to accommodate substrate chemicals. Every polymorphic variant was suggested to be inferior to the wild type in enzymatic ability from the structural viewpoint. F‐G helices were obviously displaced outward in CYP2C9*2. Expansion of the binding pocket, especially the space near F′ helix, was remarkable in CYP2C9*3. Disappearance of the hydrogen bond between K helix and β4 loop was observed in CYP2C9*5. The reduction of catalytic activity of those variants can be explained from the deformation of the binding pocket and the consequent change in binding mode of substrate chemicals. The computational approach is effective for predicting the enzymatic activity of polymorphic variants of CYP. This prediction will be helpful for advanced drug design because calculations forecast unexpected change in drug efficacy for individuals. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Depth‐resolved in vivo micro‐Raman spectroscopy of a murine skin tumor model reveals cancer‐specific spectral biomarkers
Authors: Wang Hequn , Huang Naiyan , Zhao Jianhua , Lui Harvey , Korbelik Mladen , Zeng Haishan 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have developed a micro‐Raman spectrometer system for use to differentiate tumor lesions from normal skin using an in vivo animal model. A study of 494 Raman spectra from 24 mice revealed different spectral patterns at different depths and between normal and tumor‐bearing skin sites. A peak at 899 cm−1 (possibly from proline or fatty acids) and one with higher intensity in the 1325–1330 cm−1 range (assigned to nucleic acids) were correlated with the presence of tumors, which can potentially be used as biomarkers for skin cancer detection. Spectral diagnosis performed on the murine tumor model achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of 95.8% and specificity of 93.8%. These results encourage us to develop further the use of confocal Raman spectroscopy as a clinical tool for noninvasive human skin biochemical analysis, particularly in relation to skin cancer. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated policy approach to mitigate soil erosion in West Flanders
Authors: Verspecht A. , Vandermeulen V. , De Bolle S. , Moeskops B. , Vermang J. , Van den Bossche A. , Van Huylenbroeck G. , De Neve S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSoil erosion causes major on‐site problems, including the loss of productive topsoil, poor seedling emergence and soil crusting, all of which represent an important economic loss for farmers. Moreover, off‐site problems are also very serious. These include sedimentation of river basins and small streams and flooding of roads, all with significant costs to society. This article describes the situation in West Flanders, a province of Belgium. We discuss the severity of erosion, perceptions as to the erosion problem, the agricultural practices that can potentially counteract or avoid erosion and the types of policy that have been developed to control erosion. Using the Institutions of Sustainability (IoS) framework, we emphasise the importance of awareness and awareness raising with regard to the erosion problem in order to trigger policy and farming action. We describe the specific elements that have led to the design of different types of policy that try to limit soil erosion and increase the uptake of soil erosion control strategies by farmers. We conclude that a policy approach based on mixed instruments that are integrated at a local level can be successful in mitigating the erosion problem. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new iterative refinement with roundoff error analysis
Authors: Wu Xinyuan , Wang Zhengyu 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this paper we present a novel improvement of Wilkinson's iterative refinement for the solution of linear system by using stability results of numerical solution for a dynamic system associated with the linear system. The convergence analysis is shown and roundoff error analysis is considered for this new refinement. Numerical experiments are accompanied to support our analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A continuous–discontinuous approach to simulate physical degradation processes in porous media
Authors: Moonen P. , Sluys L. J. , Carmeliet J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA macroscopic framework for the simulation of physical degradation processes in quasi‐brittle porous materials is proposed. The framework employs the partition of unity (PU) concept and introduces a cohesive zone model, capturing the entire failure process starting from the growth and coalescence of micro‐defects until the formation of macro‐cracks. The framework incorporates the interaction between the failure process and the heat and mass transfer in the porous medium. As an example, physical degradation of an outside render is studied. The analysis illustrates that both material and interface failure can be investigated with this formulation. Depending on the boundary conditions, either one dominant crack or a network of small cracks is formed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MicroRNA profiling of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by whole‐genome small RNA deep sequencing of paired frozen and formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue specimens
Authors: Weng Lihong , Wu Xiwei , Gao Hanlin , Mu Bing , Li Xuejun , Wang Jin‐Hui , Guo Chao , Jin Jennifer M , Chen Zhuo , Covarrubias Maricela , Yuan Yate‐Ching , Weiss Lawrence M , Wu Huiqing 
Published: May 2010

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality. Characterization of microRNA (miRNA) expression of RCC will help disclose new pathogenic pathways in tumourigenesis and progression and may lead to the development of molecular biomarkers and target‐specific therapies for diagnosis, prognostication and treatment. With limitations in test specificity and the ability to detect novel miRNA and other small non‐coding RNAs (smRNAs), microarray and RT–PCR techniques are being replaced by the evolving deep‐sequencing technologies, at least in the discovery phase. Until now, cancer miRNA profiling of human benign and tumour specimen sets, using smRNA deep‐sequencing (smRNA‐seq), has not been reported. Specifically, due to concern over possible poor RNA quality/integrity, formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples have not been used for such studies. Here, we performed whole‐genome smRNA‐seq analysis using a benign and RCC specimen set and have successfully profiled the miRNA expression. Studies performed on paired frozen and FFPE specimens showed very similar results. Moreover, a comparison study of microarray, deep‐sequencing and RT–PCR methodologies also showed a high correlation among the three technologies. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that FFPE specimens can be used reliably for miRNA deep‐sequencing analysis, making future large‐scale clinical cohort/trial‐based studies possible. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Electroluminescence from isolated single indium gallium nitride quantum dots up to 150 K
Authors: Kalden J. , Tessarek C. , Sebald K. , Figge S. , Kruse C. , Hommel D. , Gutowski J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe present light emitting diode structures with InGaN quantum dots (QDs) as active material grown by metal‐organic vapor‐phase epitaxy. The devices reveal a threshold voltage of 3.15 V at room temperature, or 8.8 V at 4 K, respectively. At room temperature, the electroluminescence intensity is still as high as 28% of the intensity at 4 K, the emission covering the spectral region from 2.3 to 2.7 eV at 4 K (2.2–2.6 eV at 300 K). Electrically driven luminescence from spectrally isolated single InGaN QDs emitting in the green spectral region is demonstrated with a thermal stability of up to 150 K. These results are an important step towards applications like electrically driven single photon emitters at elevated temperatures, which are desirable as a basis for communication techniques incorporating plastic optical fibers as well as for modern concepts of free space quantum cryptography.
MOVPE growth and characterization of a ‐plane AlGaN over the entire composition range
Authors: Laskar Masihhur R. , Ganguli Tapas , Rahman A. A. , Shah A. P. , Gokhale M. R. , Bhattacharya Arnab 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe report the metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth and characterization of non‐polar (11$ \bar 2 $0) a ‐plane Alx Ga1–xN on (1$ \bar 1 $02) r ‐plane sapphire substrates over the entire composition range. Alx Ga1–xN samples with ∼0.8 μm thick layers and with x = 0, 0.18, 0.38, 0.46, 0.66, and 1.0 have been grown on r ‐plane sapphire substrates. The layer quality can be improved by using a 3‐stage AlN nucleation layer and appropriate V/III ratio switching following nucleation. All a ‐plane AlGaN epilayers show an anisotropic in‐plane mosaicity, strongly influenced by Al incorporation and growth conditions. Careful lattice parameter measurements show anisotropic in‐plane strain that results in an orthorhombic distortion of the hexagonal unit cell, making Al composition determination from X‐ray diffraction difficult. In general lower Al incorporation is seen in a ‐plane epilayers compared to c ‐plane samples grown under the same conditions. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Environmental factors related to anuran assemblage composition, richness and distribution at four large rivers under varied impact levels in southeastern Brazil
Authors: De Souza A. M. , Eterovick P. C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe margins of large rivers are usually impacted by human settlements and activities, which may affect the occupancy and use of riparian habitats by many organisms. Among vertebrates, amphibians are likely the most sensitive to environmental changes, and they can be used as a model to identify attributes of the riparian habitats that are important for the maintenance of high species richness and functional diversity. We studied anuran assemblages in four large rivers of the Velhas River basin in southeastern Brazil during one year, focusing on features of the rivers and riparian habitats that influence species distribution. We tested whether a river under greater anthropogenic impact would shelter less species compared to three rivers of equivalent size under lower impact level, and whether lower species richness related to lower availability of preferred microhabitats. We found soil type at river margin and riparian vegetation structure to be the main factors influencing anuran distribution. Species richness was positively related to microhabitat diversity and availability of preferred microhabitats, which were the lowest in the most impacted river. Most species recorded at the rivers were not breeding there, and were present in larger numbers during the dry season, when temporary bodies of water dry at the vicinities of the large rivers. Conservation of a broad extension of the riparian habitat (200 m or more) would be efficient both to provide appropriate microhabitats for anurans and to maintain connectivity between breeding sites and large, permanent rivers used by several species during the dry season. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Pancreaticoduodenectomy After Liver Transplantation in Patients with Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Complicated by Distal Pancreatobiliary Malignancy
Authors: Sutcliffe Robert P. , Lam Wayne , O’Sullivan Adrian , Prachalias Andreas , Rela Mohamed , Heaton Nigel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to examine the use of pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignancy in patients who have undergone liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).MethodsPatients who underwent simultaneous or sequential pancreaticoduodenectomy after liver transplantation were identified from a prospective transplant database. Preoperative, perioperative, and follow‐up data were collected by review of patients’ medical records.ResultsFour patients with PSC underwent simultaneous (1) or sequential (3) pancreaticoduodenectomy for the treatment of distal cholangiocarcinoma (2) or pancreatic adenocarcinoma (2). Postoperative complications occurred in two patients (1 pneumonia and 1 wound infection). Tumour resection margins were negative in all cases. Two patients with node‐negative tumours were disease‐free after 5 years and 23 months, and two patients with node‐positive tumours died of recurrence after 5 and 10 months.ConclusionsPancreaticoduodenectomy after liver transplantation can be performed with low morbidity in specialist centres with expertise in both liver transplantation and major pancreatic surgery. Patients with resectable disease should be treated aggressively, although long‐term results will be dictated by the histological stage of the tumour, particularly lymph node status.
A short‐term preemptive treatment for cytomegalovirus infection in seropositive patients after liver transplantation
Authors: Dahiya Divya , Lee Chen‐Fang , Chan Kun‐Ming , Wu Ting‐Jung , Chou Hong‐Shiue , Cheng Shin‐Shin , Lee Wei‐Chen 
Published: May 2010

AbstractBackground/purposeCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains a challenge following liver transplantation. Preemptive treatment is an effective strategy for CMV infection. However, how long preemptive treatment should be applied is not defined.MethodsClinical records of preemptive treatment for CMV infection in patients who underwent liver transplantation were collected. CMV antigenemia (pp65) was monitored weekly during hospital stay and subsequently on follow up whenever indicated clinically. Antiviral treatment was administered based on positive antigenemia (>1 positive cell per 500,000 leukocytes) and discontinued when antigenemia became negative.ResultsCMV infection was diagnosed in 58 (43.9%) of 132 liver transplantation patients. All 58 patients were seropositive for CMV before transplantation. CMV infection was first diagnosed at a median time of 20 days (interquartile range [IQR] 15.3–26) after transplantation. Twelve (20.7%) patients developed repeated infections. Only one of 58 patients (1.7%) was suspected to have invasive disease. The median (IQR) duration of antiviral treatment was 7 (7–12) days. Of these patients with CMV infection, 14 (24.1%) patients developed acute rejection peri‐anti‐CMV treatment and 36 (62.1%) developed other infectious complications.ConclusionPreemptive treatment is an effective way to halt the progression of asymptomatic CMV infection. A brief course of antiviral treatment is enough for seropositive patients with CMV infection after liver transplantation.
Multicoordinated agreement for groups of agents
Authors: Camargos Lasaro , Schmidt Rodrigo , Madeira Edmundo , Pedone Fernando 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Agents in agreement protocols play well-distinct roles. Proposers propose values to the acceptors, which will accept proposals and inform the learners so they detect that an agreement has been reached. A fourth role is that of the coordinator, who filters the proposals from proposers to acceptors. While proposers, learners, and coordinators are easily replaced, substituting an acceptor is prohibitive. Protocols that do not employ a coordinator are less resilient to acceptor failures. Protocols that use one coordinator are more resilient to acceptor failures, at the expense of one extra communication step even in the absence of failures. Moreover, they require replacing the coordinator as soon as it fails, a reconfiguration that, although relatively inexpensive, diminishes the protocol availability. Hence, either option, i.e., one or zero coordinator, has its drawbacks. In previous works, we have presented an alternative: multicoordinated agreement protocols. Such protocols are as resilient as single-coordinated protocols but require less reconfiguration to cope with coordinator failures. In fact, most reconfiguration can be done in parallel to the execution of the protocol’s normal steps. Multicoordination can be applied to several problems. In this paper we exemplify its use in solving consensus and then introduce a fast multicoordinated agreement protocol for agents organized in groups, an abstraction for fast local area networks interconnected by slower links.
Evolution support in heterogeneous service-oriented landscapes
Authors: Margaria Tiziana , Steffen Bernhard , Kubczak Christian 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
We present an approach that provides automatic or semi-automatic support for evolution and change management in heterogeneous legacy landscapes where (1) legacy heterogeneous, possibly distributed platforms are integrated in a service oriented fashion, (2) the coordination of functionality is provided at the service level, through orchestration, (3) compliance and correctness are provided through policies and business rules, (4) evolution and correctness-by-design are supported by the eXtreme Model Driven Development paradigm (XMDD) offered by the jABC (Margaria and Steffen in Annu. Rev. Commun. 57, 2004)—the model-driven service oriented development platform we use here for integration, design, evolution, and governance. The artifacts are here semantically enriched, so that automatic synthesis plugins can field the vision of Enterprise Physics: knowledge driven business process development for the end user.
We demonstrate this vision along a concrete case study that became over the past three years a benchmark for Semantic Web Service discovery and mediation. We enhance the Mediation Scenario of the Semantic Web Service Challenge along the 2 central evolution paradigms that occur in practice: (a) Platform migration: platform substitution of a legacy system by an ERP system and (b) Backend extension: extension of the legacy Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and Order Management System (OMS) backends via an additional ERP layer.
OWL schema matching
Authors: Leme Luiz André P. Paes , Casanova Marco A. , Breitman Karin K. , Furtado Antonio L. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Schema matching is a fundamental issue to many database applications, such as query mediation and data warehousing. It becomes a challenge when different vocabularies are used to refer to the same real-world concepts. In this context, a convenient approach, sometimes called extensional, instance-based, or semantic, is to detect how the same real world objects are represented in different databases and to use the information thus obtained to match the schemas. Additionally, we argue that automatic approaches of schema matching should store provenance data about matchings. This paper describes an instance-based schema matching technique for an OWL dialect and proposes a data model for storing provenance data. The matching technique is based on similarity functions and is backed up by experimental results with real data downloaded from data sources found on the Web.