bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rare Case of Permanent Junctional Reciprocating Tachycardia Ablated on the Roof of the Left Atrium
Authors: KALBFLEISCH STEVEN J. , RHODES TROY E. 
Published: August 2012

A Rare Case of Permanent Junctional Reciprocating Tachycardia.Left‐sided anteroseptal accessory pathways that course through the aortomitral fibrous continuity are some of the rarest types of accessory pathways. At this region the atrium and ventricle are separated by their greatest distance because of the intervening aortic valve. These pathways often have a long circuitous course that may involve the root and cusps of the aortic valve. Prior reports have demonstrated the feasibility of ablating these pathways along the anteroseptal mitral annulus, the left ventricular outflow tract, or in the left or noncoronary cusps of the aortic valve. We describe a case of a concealed decremental anteroseptal accessory pathway that was ablated on the roof of the left atrium remote from the mitral or aortic valve annuli. This report indicates that when an appropriate site for ablation of a left‐sided anteroseptal accessory pathway is not found close to a valve annulus, these pathways may be amenable to ablation by targeting their atrial insertion site. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 464‐467, April 2013)
Predictive Value of Thromboembolic Risk Scores Before an Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Procedure
Authors: FLORIA MARIANA , ROY LUC DE , XHAET OLIVIER , BLOMMAERT DOMINIQUE , JAMART JACQUES , GERARD MARINA , DORMAL FABIEN , DECEUNINCK OLIVIER , AMBARUS VALENTIN , MARCHANDISE BAUDOUIN , SCHROEDER ERWIN 
Published: August 2012

Risk Scores for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation Introduction: It is not clear whether transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) should be performed prior to a planned atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation in all patients.Methods and Results: The objectives of this study were to determine in 681 consecutive patients: (i) the relationship between the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2‐VASc scores, the presence of a thrombogenic milieu and left atrial (LA) volume; (ii) the need for TEE in patients with low and intermediate thromboembolic risk assessed; and (iii) the predictive accuracy of the these 2 scores for the presence of thrombi in the LA/LAA (LA appendage) before a planned AF ablation. The prevalence of thrombi was 1%. All patients with thrombi had LA dilatation, a CHADS2 score ≥1 and a CHA2DS2‐VASc score ≥2. CHADS2 or CHA2DS2‐VASc scores <2 had an almost maximal negative predictive capability of excluding the presence of a thrombus (99.8% and 100%, respectively; 95% CI: 99–100). A CHADS2 score ≥2 had a sensitivity and specificity of 86% (95% CI: 42–100) and 82% (95% CI: 79–85), respectively, to predict the presence of a thrombus in the LA/LAA, while a CHA2DS2‐VASc score ≥2 had a sensitivity and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 59–100) and 67% (95% CI: 63–70). The area under the curve for CHADS2 and CHA2DS2‐VASc scores ≥2 was 0.928 (95% CI: 0.906–0.946) and 0.933 (95% CI: 0.912–0.951), respectively.Conclusion: Not all patients undergoing planned endocardial pulmonary vein isolation need preprocedural TEE. Both scores <2 had an almost maximal negative predictive capability of excluding the presence of a thrombus in the LA/LAA. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 139‐145, February 2013)
Anatomy of the Coronary Sinus and Epicardial Coronary Venous System in 620 Hearts: An Electrophysiology Perspective
Authors: NOHERIA AMIT , DESIMONE CHRISTOPHER V. , LACHMAN NIRUSHA , EDWARDS WILLIAM D. , GAMI APOOR S. , MALESZEWSKI JOSEPH J. , FRIEDMAN PAUL A. , MUNGER THOMAS M. , HAMMILL STEPHEN C. , HAYES DAVID L. , PACKER DOUGLAS L. , ASIRVATHAM SAMUEL J. 
Published: August 2012

Anatomy of the Coronary Venous System. Introduction: Cannulation of the coronary sinus (CS) is a prerequisite for left ventricular (LV) pacing and certain ablation procedures. The detailed regional anatomy for the coronary veins and potential anatomic causes for difficulty with these procedures has not been established.
Methods and Results:
Therefore, we performed macroscopic measurements in 620 autopsied hearts (mean age 60 ± 23 years, 44% female). The CS was preserved for analysis in 96%. Sixty‐three percent had a Thebesian valve that covered the posterior aspect of the CS ostium with extension to the superior (50%) and inferior aspects (18%) and was obstructive with fenestrations in 3 specimens. Partial or near occlusive valves were present occasionally at the ostium of the great cardiac vein (Vieussens; 8%) and middle cardiac vein (5%). Ninety‐three percent had left atrial branches, and 41% had at least one branch with lumen > 3 French. For CRT lead placement, the mid‐lateral LV was accessible from the middle cardiac vein (20%), the left posterior vein (92%) or the anterior interventricular vein (86%). Among specimens where the left phrenic nerve was preserved it crossed the LV mid‐lateral wall in 45%.
Conclusions:
Epicardial coronary vein anatomy is variable, and the mid‐lateral LV wall can potentially be accessed through various tributaries of the epicardial veins. The orientation of the Thebesian valve favors cannulation of the CS from an anterior (ventricular) and inferior approach. Anterobasal, mid‐lateral, and inferior apical LV coronary veins lie in proximity to the course of the phrenic nerve. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 24, pp. 1‐6, January 2013)
Belief, Deconversion, and Authenticity among U.S. Emerging Evangelicals
Authors: Bielo James S. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this article I examine the status of belief among U.S. evangelicals organizing under the moniker of the “emerging church.” As part of their cultural critique of the conservative Christian subculture, many emerging evangelicals recast their standpoint toward the role of propositional doctrine in their definition of an authentic Christian self. I join with colleagues in the anthropology of religion, in particular the anthropology of Christianity, who are rethinking the nature of belief as a form of relational commitment. I argue that emerging evangelicals seek a faith where human–human relationships are a precondition for human–divine relations to flourish. To achieve their desired sense of community emerging evangelicals create ritual structures that foster a highly relational religiosity. I illustrate this recasting of belief through analyses of narrative and institution making, grounded in three years of ethnographic fieldwork.
The Quaker Journey and the Framing of Corporate and Personal Belief
Authors: Kline Douglas A. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe British Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) illustrates the management of personal and corporate belief and experience without the use of creedal statements or centralized religious authority. This builds on the work of anthropologists like James Fernandez and Peter Stromberg who introduce forms of consensus responsible for maintaining unity in religious communities. While their work expanded anthropological understanding on diverse interpretations of common symbols, this article builds on their observations to show how the use of tropes also encourages unity. Quakers incorporate diversity and a notion of continuing revelation into their communal belief system, and individual participants are encouraged to explore personal belief. Since the Quaker corporate belief model accommodates change, tensions shift to maintaining identity among the theologically diverse interpretations of truth. To accomplish some homogeneity Friends also employ a journey trope to frame diversity and manage the potential tension between corporate and personal understanding.
Agency and the Other: The Role of Agency for the Importance of Belief in Buddhist and Christian Traditions
Authors: Cassaniti Julia 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBelief is important in some religious experiences and not in others. Why? I address the question here through an analysis of belief in two different religious communities in Northern Thailand. In the Northern Thai Buddhist community of Mae Jaeng the Thai term for belief is rarely evoked, while in the nearby Christian community of Mae Min it occurs often. Tying belief to ideas about causation, I argue that the different prominence of belief in the two communities relates to ideas about personal agency. In the Christian community belief creates personal agency through the mediation of an external agentive Other, while in the Buddhist community personal agency is seen to be constructed through natural processes that render belief unnecessary. In making this argument I offer a critique of the ubiquity of belief as part of religious experience, and push for further research on the intersections of belief, agency, and intersubjectivity in psychological anthropology.
Creative Sincerity: Thai Buddhist Karma Narratives and the Grounding of Truths
Authors: Carlisle Steven 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHow do people become sincerely committed to shared beliefs? Many theories explain how people come to claim beliefs publicly, but provide inadequate explanations as to why they take these ideas seriously. I resolve this by adapting a form of practice theory to conceptualize shared meanings not as externally imposed social products, but as a creation of active psychosocial negotiations that reflect autobiographical narratives. Although the Thai Buddhist doctrine of karma is often expressed through abstract, transcendent theological propositions, people understand it through personal narratives grounded in a knowing self. Expressions of beliefs, then, should not be seen as statements of doctrines but, rather, as attempts to articulate a relationship between a self and an understanding of reality, negotiated through narrative. Although dogmas may summarize beliefs, they do not necessarily inspire them; commitments to beliefs are an effect of the narrative organization of experience. Ironically, sincere beliefs about objective realities are the creative products of individual minds. Locating belief in experiential narratives moves beyond deterministic notions of belief as institutionally defined dogmas, and allows one to see actions as reflecting sincere beliefs as well as the personal strategies often discussed in practice theory.
“What is Bread?” The Anthropology of Belief
Authors: Lindholm Charles 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this article, I contrast the ideal‐typical models for the verification of belief proposed by Max Weber (external and meaning‐centered) and Emile Durkheim (internal and emotional). I then put forward a continuum of types of belief legitimization based on these models and place the articles in this collection within this framework to demonstrate the complex interplay between modes of belief corroboration and to provide a theoretical basis for making cross‐cultural comparisons of belief maintenance.
Puerperal uterine inversion in the Netherlands: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Witteveen Tom , van Stralen Giel , Zwart Joost , van Roosmalen Jos 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPuerperal uterine inversion is a severe but rare obstetric complication of yet unknown origin. In this two‐year study we determine the incidence of this complication and we describe associated risk factors to expose its etiology. All cases of uterine inversion were included from a nationwide cohort study which contained all 98 hospitals with a maternity unit in the Netherlands. We reviewed the medical records of 15 patients, resulting an incidence of approximately 1 in 20 000 vaginal births. Fourteen cases (93.3%) were classified as low‐risk pregnancies at booking. Nulliparous women were not overrepresented and the main associated factors were signs of prolonged labor followed by third stage manipulation. This study is the first population‐based study for uterine inversion. With the reported associated factors and occurrence in women with a low‐risk profile, we show that every birth attendant should be able to detect this rare but severe complication.
Prophylactic attempt at manual rotation in brow presentation at full dilatation
Authors: VERSPYCK ERIC , BISSON VIOLENE , GROMEZ ALEXIS , RESCH BENOIT , DIGUET ALAIN , MARPEAU LOÏC 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe report our management of brow presentation at full dilatation by a prophylactic attempt at manual rotation or immediate cesarean delivery, depending on practitioner training. During the study period, 49 women with brow presentation were collected for an overall 30 452 deliveries (1/621) and 22 (44.9%) of them were diagnosed at full dilatation. For the latter, an attempt at manual rotation was performed in 13 cases (59.1%) with no particular maternal or neonatal complications reported and vaginal delivery occurred in 10 (76.9%). Maternal and neonatal outcomes were similar between women with immediate cesarean section or prophylactic manual rotation, except for a shorter duration of hospitalization in the group with attempted manual rotation (p < 0.01). Prophylactic attempted manual rotation in brow presentation diagnosed at full dilatation may be associated with a high rate of vaginal delivery with no specific maternal or neonatal complications.
Angiogenic factors in maternal circulation and preeclampsia with or without fetal growth restriction
Authors: VATTEN LARS J. , ÅSVOLD BJØRN O. , ESKILD ANNE 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjective. To study associations of placental growth factor (PlGF) and soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt‐1) in maternal circulation with the risk of preeclampsia with and without fetal growth restriction. Design. Nested case‐control study. Setting. A cohort of 29 948 pregnant women in Norway. Sample. Cases were identified through linkage to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway. We selected 69 preterm and 36 term preeclampsia cases with delivery of a small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) infant, 83 preterm and 154 term preeclampsia cases without SGA delivery, and 384 normotensive controls. Methods. We measured PlGF and sFlt‐1 in maternal serum samples from each trimester. Main outcome measures. Odds ratios of preeclampsia subtypes by tertile categories of PlGF and sFlt‐1. Results. Low (lowest third) PlGF and sFlt‐1 levels in the first trimester, and low (lowest third) increase in PlGF and strong (highest third) increase in sFlt‐1 from first to second trimester were associated with increased risk of preterm preeclampsia, both with and without SGA offspring. For term preeclampsia with SGA offspring, the associations were similar to the findings for preterm preeclampsia. For term preeclampsia without SGA offspring, low increase in PlGF from first to second trimester and high sFlt‐1 in the third trimester were associated with increased risk. Conclusions. Low PlGF and high sFlt‐1 levels in maternal circulation are associated with subsequent development of preeclampsia, regardless of whether fetal growth is affected or not. For term preeclampsia without fetal growth restriction, the imbalance in angiogenic factors seems to appear later in pregnancy than for preterm preeclampsia.
Childhood predictors of becoming a teenage mother among Finnish girls
Authors: LEHTI VENLA , NIEMELÄ SOLJA , HEINZE MARIA , SILLANMÄKI LAURI , HELENIUS HANS , PIHA JORMA , KUMPULAINEN KIRSTI , TAMMINEN TUULA , ALMQVIST FREDRIK , SOURANDER ANDRE 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjective. To study predictive associations between psychosocial factors at age 8 and becoming a mother under the age of 20. Design: Prospective follow‐up study. Setting: Finland. Population. 2867 girls born in 1981. Methods. Information on family background and psychiatric symptoms was collected at age 8. The associations between these factors and becoming a teenage mother were analyzed using logistic regression analysis. Main outcome measures. Data on births by the age of 20 collected from the hospital discharge register. Results. 128 girls (4.8%) had given birth at the age of 15–19 years. Childhood conduct problems and hyperactive problems, having young mother and family structure other than two biological parents had an independent association with becoming a teenage mother. Conclusions. Girls with externalizing type of problems in childhood have an increased risk of becoming teenage mothers. These problems may also complicate their motherhood.
High‐grade cervical neoplasia during pregnancy: diagnosis, management and postpartum findings
Authors: COPPOLILLO ENRIQUE F. , DE RUDA VEGA HILDA MALAMUD , BRIZUELA JULIETA , ELISETH MARTHA CORA , BARATA AVELINO , PERAZZI BEATRIZ E. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives. To study the prevalence of high‐grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 2–3) during pregnancy and compare the rates of persistence, progression and regression of CIN 2–3 by colposcopically guided biopsy during pregnancy with respect to the postpartum period. Also to assess biopsy results during pregnancy and postpartum in relation to histopathology after treatment of lesions. Population. Pregnant women with a histological diagnosis of CIN 2–3 confirmed by colposcopically guided biopsy during pregnancy. Methods. Between 1989 and 2008, 11 700 pregnant women had cytologic and simultaneous colposcopic examinations during pregnancy. A colposcopically guided biopsy was performed when colposcopically suspicious high‐grade lesions were detected, regardless of cytological results. Women with a histopathological diagnosis of CIN 2–3 during pregnancy were re‐evaluated by colposcopically guided biopsy and treated during the postpartum period. Results. CIN 2–3 was diagnosed in 56 of 11 700 (0.48%) pregnant women by biopsy. Thirty women complying with the protocol were assessed postpartum by histopathological studies, of whom 70% exhibited persistence, 13.3% progression and 16.7% regression of CIN 2–3. Twenty‐nine were diagnosed by conization and one by colposcopically guided biopsy during the postpartum period, which revealed invasive cervical carcinoma. Conclusions. Due to the high rates of CIN 2–3 persistence during the postpartum period, we suggest that all patients in whom CIN 2–3 was diagnosed during pregnancy are biopsied and treated if necessary during the postpartum period, with at least a two‐year follow‐up control to prevent lesion recurrence.
Pharmacological approaches in bipolar disorders and the impact on cognition: a critical overview
Authors: Dias V. V. , Balanzá‐Martinez V. , Soeiro‐de‐Souza M. G. , Moreno R. A. , Figueira M. L. , Machado‐Vieira R. , Vieta E. 
Published: August 2012

Dias VV, Balanzá‐Martinez V, Soeiro‐de‐Souza MG, Moreno RA, Figueira ML, Machado‐Vieira R, Vieta E. Pharmacological approaches in bipolar disorders and the impact on cognition: a critical overview.Objective:  Historically, pharmacological treatments for bipolar disorders (BD) have been associated with neurocognitive side‐effects. We reviewed studies which assessed the impact of several psychopharmacological drugs on the neurocognitive function of BD patients.Method:  The PubMed database was searched for studies published between January 1980 and February 2011, using the following terms: bipolar, bipolar disorder, mania, manic episode, or bipolar depression, cross‐referenced with cognitive, neurocognitive, or neuropsychological, cross‐referenced with treatment.Results:  Despite methodological flaws in the older studies and insufficient research concerning the newer agents, some consistent findings emerged from the review; lithium appears to have definite, yet subtle, negative effects on psychomotor speed and verbal memory. Among the newer anticonvulsants, lamotrigine appears to have a better cognitive profile than carbamazepine, valproate, topiramate, and zonisamide. More long‐term studies are needed to better understand the impact of atypical antipsychotics on BD patients’ neurocognitive functioning, both in monotherapy and in association with other drugs. Other agents, like antidepressants and cognitive enhancers, have not been adequately studied in BD so far.Conclusion:  Pharmacotherapies for BD should be chosen to minimize neurocognitive side‐effects, which may already be compromised by the disease process itself. Neurocognitive evaluation should be considered in BD patients to better evaluate treatment impact on neurocognition. A comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation also addressing potential variables and key aspects such as more severe cognitive deficits, comorbidities, differential diagnosis, and evaluation of multiple cognitive domains in longitudinal follow‐up studies are warranted.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the effects of fluoride toothpastes on the prevention of dental caries in the primary dentition of preschool children
Authors: dos Santos Ana Paula Pires , Nadanovsky Paulo , de Oliveira Branca Heloisa 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the effects of fluoride (F) toothpastes on the prevention of dental caries in the primary dentition of preschool children.Study designSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA search for randomized or quasi‐randomized clinical trials was carried out, without idiom restraints, in six electronic databases, registers of ongoing trials, meeting abstracts, dentistry journals and reference lists of potentially eligible studies. The search yielded 1932 records and 159 full‐text articles were independently read by two examiners. Data regarding characteristics of participants, interventions, outcomes, length of follow‐up and potential of bias were independently extracted by two examiners on the basis of predetermined criteria. Any disagreement was solved by consensus after consulting a third examiner. Pooled prevented fractions (PF) and relative risks (RR) were estimated separately for studies testing low F toothpastes (<600 ppm) and those testing standard F toothpastes (1000–1500 ppm).ResultsEight clinical trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria and most of them compared F toothpastes associated with oral health education against no intervention. When standard F toothpastes were compared to placebo or no intervention, significant caries reduction at surface (PF = 31%; 95% CI 18–43; 2644 participants in five studies), tooth (PF = 16%; 95% CI 8–25; 2555 participants in one study) and individual (RR = 0.86; 95% CI 0.81–0.93; 2806 participants in two studies) level were observed. Low F toothpastes were effective only at surface level (PF = 40%; 95% CI 5–75; 561 participants in two studies).ConclusionStandard F toothpastes are effective in reducing dental caries in the primary teeth of preschool children and thus their use should be recommended to this age group.