bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Mendelian Randomization Study on Association of Alpha-synuclein and GPNMB with Parkinson’s Disease Risk and Progression
Authors: Guo Jifeng , Li Lizhi , Liu Zhenhua , Xu Qian , Yan Xinxiang , Tang Beisha 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The prevalence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is increasing because of the aging population. Early diagnosis and prognosis of PD remain challenging, suggesting that seeking appropriate biomarkers for PD is crucial. GPNMB and Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) have been reported to contribute to PD pathogenesis and are correlated with PD onset and disease progression. We utilized Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the association of GPNMB and α-syn with PD and its disease progression. Five MR methods were employed, and inverse variance weighted was chosen as the primary method. The results of MR analysis showed that cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) α-syn correlated with the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅲ (UPDRS Ⅲ) and Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) stage, and plasma α-syn was associated with H&Y stage at baseline suggestively, indicating that α-syn is a promising biomarker for motor symptoms of PD. Overall, CSF and plasma α-syn are potential biomarkers for predicting PD motor symptoms, which warrant further studies. However, no association was detected between GPNMB and PD risk or disease progression.
The effect of the virtual education program on the health responsibility of overweight students during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dashti Sahar Mahjoub Vagheae , Roshan FatemehSadat SeyedNematollah , AkhavanAmjad Marjan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The global prevalence of obesity is increasing not only in adults but also in children and adolescents. In addition to the role of genetic and biological factors, policies such as the need for quarantine during the coronavirus epidemic and the family's behavioral and socioeconomic status in causing obesity cannot be ignored. The current research aimed to investigate the effect of virtual education programs on the health responsibility of overweight students during the outbreak of the Coronavirus.
Methods: The present semi-experimental research was conducted by selecting 60 obese female high school students by random cluster sampling method (case and control) during 2021-22 in Tehran Province, Iran. The virtual training program (6 sessions of 1.5 hours for 6 groups of 5 people) was conducted based on the topics of nutrition, physical activity, sleep, etc. After 1.5 months, students' BMI was measured and a post-test was done. SPSS version 22 software was used for data analysis.
Results: There was no significant change in the BMI of students after the intervention in the control group (p=0.476), but it decreased significantly in the test group (p<0.001). Before the intervention, there was no statistically significant difference between the average score of health responsibility in the test group (54.63 ) and the control group (53.03 6.79) (P=0.370). After the intervention, the mean difference between the test group (62.56) and the control group (55.10) was statistically significant (P<0.001). Before the intervention, about 70% of the students in both the test and control groups were at a relatively favorable health responsibility level. After the study, the number of students in the test group who were placed at a completely favorable level was almost twice as before, and a statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups(P=0.035).
Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that virtual education during the outbreak of COVID-19 has led to an increase in the responsibility for the health of overweight and obese students (in terms of improving health behaviors, increasing the hours of physical activity, and modifying the eating pattern) and reducing the body mass index of students.
Intracorporeal versus extracorporeal neobladder in robot-assisted radical cystectomy: perioperative, oncological, and functional outcomes from a single-institutional experience
Authors: Yan Bing , Liu Yuan , Liu Yang , Zheng Ji , He Peng , Li Xuemei , Li Yuwei , Liu Yuting , Zhou Xiaozhou , Chen Zhiwen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: To compare the perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes of the intracorporeal neobladder and extracorporeal neobladder (ECNB) technique following robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC).
Methods: We reviewed our single-institutional, prospectively collected database for consecutive patients who underwent RARC with an ileum neobladder from July 2016 to February 2023. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the approach of reconstruction (ICNB or ECNB). The chi-squared test and Wilcoxon test were used to summarize categorical and continuous variables, respectively. survival and complication outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, multivariate logistic regression and Cox hazards models.
Result: Among 304 patients, 190 ICNB patients and 114 ECNB patients were identified. A shorter median operative time (320 vs. 354 minutes; p = 0.001) and less median EBL (300 vs. 500 ml; p = 0.000) were recorded in the ICNB group. A significant difference in 90-d overall complications was detected between the 2 groups (49.5% vs. 61.4%; p = 0.043). Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age, relapsed tumor and surgical approach (ECNB/ICNB) were individual predictive factors for 90-d overall complications. The functional outcomes and survival rates were comparable between the ICNB and ECNB groups. A Cox proportional hazards model indicated that higher pathological stage and pN status are predictors of both recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS).
Conclusion Compared with ECNB, ICNB significantly improved perioperative outcomes without compromising functional or oncological outcomes.
Nanofabrication of Losartan Potassium Sustained Release Floating Microspheres using Different Grades of Ethyl Cellulose and its Insight on Release Profiles
Authors: Rajput Tanavirsing , Mohite Popat , Ghule Santosh , Vinchurkar Kuldeep , Singh Sudarshan 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
A sustained release system for losartan potassium designed to delay its residence
time in the stomach through the preparation of solvent evaporation technique-based floating microspheres.
The influence of the different grades of Ethocel™ such as 4 cps, 10 cps, and 22 cps as well as the drug: polymer
ratio on various properties of microspheres were tested.

Methods:
Thermal and functional analysis revealed no interaction between the encapsulated drug and polymer.
The results indicated that the mean diameter of microspheres increased with a change in grades of ethyl
cellulose relating to viscosity. However, the drug incorporation efficiency within ethyl cellulose microspheres
decreased with increasing viscosity of ethyl cellulose.

Results:
The bulk density of the formulations was proportionally dependent on concentration and the viscosity
of the polymer, which resulted in a decrease in floating capacity from 90.02% to 73.58%. Moreover, the
drug release was indirectly proportional to the viscosity of ethyl cellulose tested. The in vitro release profile
exhibited a burst effect with a biphasic release pattern following Fickian diffusion, indicating a diffusioncontrolled
release mechanism.

Conclusion:
The results demonstrated that the viscosity of ethyl cellulose significantly affects the floating capacity
and drug release pattern from microspheres.
Developments in Organocatalysis Transformations of Unsaturated Pyrazolones
Authors: Doraghi Fatemeh , Gilaninezhad Farzad , Karimian Somaye , Larijani Bagher , Mahdavi Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

Abstract:
Unsaturated pyrazolones can participate in organocatalytic reactions with various substrates to form spiro-cyclic pyrazolones, and fuzed-pyrazolone heterocycles. The present review describes progress since 2013 in the organocatalysis transformations of unsaturated pyrazolones. Pyrazolones are prevalent structural motifs in a wide variety of natural products and drug or drug-like molecules. A series of nitrogen-containing pyrazolones exhibits anti-cancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antidepressant, antidiabetic, and an-tipyretic activities. Especially, chiral spiro-cyclic pyrazolones are recognized as targets in nat-ural products and clinical pharmaceuticals. Organocatalytic systems are powerful and reliable approaches that allow us to build structurally complex molecules in an enantioselectively and diastereoselectively manner. Avoiding the use of transition metal catalysts, readily available bifunctional organocatalysts, and the performance of the reaction at ambient temperature are other advantages of these catalytic systems. Despite considerable progress in this field, it is still one of the challenging goals for chemists to make new biologically active heterocyclic molecules.
The Evaluation of a Web-Based Intervention (Deprexis) to Decrease Depression and Restore Functioning in Veterans: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Pearson Rahel , Beevers Christopher G , Mignogna Joseph , Benzer Justin , Pfeiffer Paul N , Post Edward , Creech Suzannah K 
Published: June 2024

Background
Depressive symptoms are common in veterans, and the presence of these symptoms increases disability as well as suicidal thoughts and behaviors. However, there is evidence that these symptoms often go untreated. Intervening before symptoms become severe and entrenched is related to better long-term outcomes, including improved functioning and less disease chronicity. Computer-delivered interventions may be especially appropriate for those veterans with mild to moderate depressive symptoms, because these interventions can require fewer resources and have lower barriers to access and thus have potential for wider reach. Despite this potential, there is a dearth of research examining computerized interventions for depressive symptoms in veteran samples.

Objective
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Deprexis (GAIA AG), a computerized intervention for depressive symptoms and related functional impairment.

Methods
Veterans will be recruited through the US Department of Veterans Affairs electronic medical record and through primary care and specialty clinics. First, qualitative interviews will be completed with a small subset of veterans (n=16-20) to assess the acceptability of treatment procedures. Next, veterans (n=132) with mild to moderate depressive symptoms will be randomly assigned to the fully automated Deprexis intervention or a treatment-as-usual control group. The primary outcomes will be self-reported depressive symptoms and various dimensions of psychosocial functioning.

Results
This project was funded in May 2024, and data collection will be conducted between October 2024 and April 2029. Overall, 4 participants have been recruited as of the submission of the manuscript, and data analysis is expected in June 2029, with initial results expected in November 2029.

Conclusions
This study will provide initial evidence for the efficacy of self-guided, computerized interventions for depressive symptoms and functional impairment in veterans. If effective, these types of interventions could improve veteran access to low-resource psychosocial treatments.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06217198; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06217198

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/59119
Diabetic Nephropathy as a Result of Uncontrolled Hyperglycemia
Authors: Aquino Camila Silva de , Miranda Estênio Gabriel , Ribeiro Júnior Francisco José Pascoal , Lucena Hérika Juliana de Araújo , Oliveira Jéssica Pará Amaral de , Lima Neto João Ferreira , Pinho Lênio Airam de , Rodrigues Miguel Valentim , Silvestre Pedro Henrique Borges , Saijo Rafaela de Oliveira Estevão , Bezerra Roberta Fernandes 
Published: June 2024

Objective: to investigate the relationship between uncontrolled hyperglycemia and the development of diabetic nephropathy.

Methods: Integrative review of the literature, carried out in June 2024, in the virtual databases Virtual Health Library, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and Google Scholar using the descriptors “Diabetic Nephropathies”, “Glomerular Filtration Rate”, “Hyperglycemia” and “Diabetes Mellitus”, as well as “Diabetic Nephropathies”, “Glomerular Filtration Rate”, “Hyperglycemia” and “Diabetes Mellitus” selected by DeCS and MeSH Descriptors, related to the Boolean operator AND in all databases.

Results and Discussion: after completing the methodological procedures, 12 articles available on the VHL Portal, in the PubMed, VHL and Google Scholar databases were selected, which show that diabetic nephropathy is a serious and common complication of diabetes mellitus, characterized due to the progressive impairment of renal function, being one of the main causes of chronic kidney disease and terminal renal failure worldwide. The development of diabetic nephropathy is linked to glycemic control, with chronic hyperglycemia being a crucial factor in the pathogenesis of this condition.

Final Considerations: strict control of blood glucose and blood pressure, combined with pharmacological interventions and lifestyle modifications, constitutes the basis of effective management of diabetic nephropathy.
Chemical and Mechanical Scarification as Techniques for Overcoming Dormance in Red Tent Seeds (Adenanthera pavonina L.)
Authors: Vieira Cristiane Ramos , Araujo Maicon Marinho Vieira , Souza Marcelo Dias de , Santos Carolina Rafaela Vieira dos 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: Evaluate chemical and mechanical scarification techniques, as methods for overcoming dormancy in red vine seeds.

Theoretical Framework: Based on scientific articles found on search engines and books in the field of seeds, types of forest seeds, types of dormancy in forest seeds and techniques for overcoming dormancy. In order to support the explanation of how techniques for overcoming dormancy are related to the rate and time of germination of red seed seeds, and how germination time can subsequently affect the quantity of seedlings produced, as well as their initial growth.

Method: The experiment was installed to test the following treatments: T0 – without scarification; T1 – mechanical scarification; T2 chemical scarification with 80% H2SO4 for half an hour; T3 – chemical scarification with 80% H2SO4 for one hour; T4 – chemical scarification with 0.4% KNO3 for half an hour; T5 – chemical scarification with 0.4% KNO3 for one hour. The design used was completely randomized, with six treatments, five replications and 20 seeds in each replication. At the end of 30 days, counting from the beginning of germination, the following variables were evaluated: germination speed index (IVG), average germination time (TMG), germination percentage (G) and germination speed index (IVG).

Results and Conclusion: The most efficient methods for germinating the red tent seeds were mechanical scarification with sandpaper and immersion in 0.4% KNO3 for half an hour. However, mechanical scarification would be the most easily used and least expensive method for producing seedlings in nurseries.

Research Implications: These results indicate that the mechanical scarification technique is an efficient method for overcoming the dormancy of the red tent, which is integumentary. Understanding the most efficient and effective techniques for overcoming dormancy in seeds of species that present this characteristic is important to allow, within the nursery, germination to occur quickly and uniformly. Consequently, making it possible to obtain seedlings with more uniform sizes, even though these are produced from seeds.

Originality/Value: A high germination rate and uniform initial growth are important factors within the nursery, especially if it is of a commercial nature, but also for the restoration of areas, because it allows seedlings to be obtained in less time.
Outcomes of Endovascular Treatment for Salvaging Failed Hemodialysis Arteriovenous Fistula – Role of Balloon Angioplasty as Initial Therapy
Authors: Vignesh S. , Mukuntharajan T. , Sampathkumar Krishnaswamy 
Published: June 2024

Background:
This study aims to evaluate the technical and clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment for failed native hemodialysis fistulas, mainly the role of balloon angioplasty in salvaging thrombosed and stenosed arteriovenous fistulas.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was done on 23 patients who had presented with non-functioning dialysis fistulas. The mean age of the patients was 58.7 ± 2.3 years. The cause of failure was thrombosis in 14 cases (61%) and stenosis in 9 cases (39%). All patients initially underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), followed by thromboaspiration depending on the thrombus load and extent.

Results:
A total of 27 salvage procedures were performed on 23 patients. Technical success was achieved in 24 procedures (88.8%), and clinical success was 81.5%. Patients were followed up for mean duration of 9.5 months (range: 1–19 months). Eight out of 23 accesses initially revised failed again due to repeat thrombosis, of which four patients underwent repeat procedures. The mean duration to re-intervention was 5.5 ± 1.3 months. The primary patency rates were 79% at 3 months and 60% at 6, 12, and 18 months. The cumulative (secondary) patency rates were 73% at 6 months and 66% at 12 and 18 months. Minor complications were seen in three procedures (11%), which included venous extravasation in two cases and prolonged bleeding from puncture site in one case.

Conclusion:
Percutaneous balloon angioplasty can be used as first-line procedure in failed hemodialysis fistulas, in both cases of stenosis and/or thrombosis, followed by thromboaspiration if required.
Expectativas sobre os preços da Economia e o crédito para investimento do PRONAF: uma avaliação exploratória
Authors: Bertolino da Silva Gabriel , Fagundes Carrara Aniela 
Published: June 2024

O Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar - PRONAF, no decorrer de mais de duas décadas de existência, consolidou-se como um dos programas de política agrícola de extrema relevância, devido ao número de pessoas atendidas e ao quantitativo de recursos concedidos. Frente a sua importância para o desenvolvimento rural e em específico para a agricultura familiar, o presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar se existe alguma relação significativa entre as expectativas que se tem sobre o nível de preços da economia e a quantidade de crédito fornecido pelo PRONAF para a modalidade investimento, posto que a expectativa de inflação é um importante canal de transmissão da política monetária brasileira e tem impacto em diversas decisões, inclusive na tomada de crédito. Para tanto foi estruturado um modelo de séries temporais, que ao ser estimado por meio de Vetores Autorregressivos com Correção de Erros, gerou resultados que indicam que quando maior for a expectativa de inflação para um período a frente, menor será o montante de crédito concedido para investimento via PRONAF.
Predicting the individualized risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among sexually active women in Ethiopia using a nomogram: prediction model development and validation
Authors: Tesfie Tigabu Kidie , Yehuala Tirualem Zeleke , Agimas Muluken Chanie , Yismaw Getaneh Awoke , Wubante Sisay Maru , Fente Bezawit Melak , Derseh Nebiyu Mekonnen 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionWomen are more vulnerable to HIV infection due to biological and socioeconomic reasons. Developing a predictive model for these vulnerable populations to estimate individualized risk for HIV infection is relevant for targeted preventive interventions. The objective of the study was to develop and validate a risk prediction model that allows easy estimations of HIV infection risk among sexually active women in Ethiopia.MethodsData from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey, which comprised 10,253 representative sexually active women, were used for model development. Variables were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). Variables selected by LASSO were incorporated into the multivariable mixed-effect logistic regression model. Based on the multivariable model, an easy-to-use nomogram was developed to facilitate its applicability. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated using discrimination and calibration abilities, Brier score, sensitivity, and specificity. Internal validation was carried out using the bootstrapping method.ResultsThe model selected seven predictors of HIV infection, namely, age, education, marital status, sex of the household head, age at first sex, multiple sexual partners during their lifetime, and residence. The nomogram had a discriminatory power of 89.7% (95% CI: 88.0, 91.5) and a calibration p-value of 0.536. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram were 74.1% (95% CI: 68.4, 79.2) and 80.9% (95% CI: 80.2, 81.7), respectively. The internally validated model had a discriminatory ability of 89.4% (95% CI: 87.7, 91.1) and a calibration p-value of 0.195. Sensitivity and specificity after validation were 72.9% (95% CI: 67.2, 78.2) and 80.1% (95% CI: 79.3, 80.9), respectively.ConclusionA new prediction model that quantifies the individualized risk of HIV infection has been developed in the form of a nomogram and internally validated. It has very good discriminatory power and good calibration ability. This model can facilitate the identification of sexually active women at high risk of HIV infection for targeted preventive measures.
Strategi Pengembangan Fasilitas Pariwisata Untuk Meningkatkan Jumlah Kunjungan Wisatawan Di Destinasi Wisata Pantai Labobo
Authors: B Amin. , Nugroho Rizky Arif , Dewanti Ajeng Nugrahing , Astha Dwinsani Pratiwi 
Published: June 2024

Pantai Labobo merupakan salah satu objek daya tarik wisata yang perlu dikembangkan karena ketersediaan fasilitas yang ada pada kawasan wisata ini masih kurang memadai dan terdapat beberapa fasilitas belum tersedia serta kurang dikelola dengan baik terutama dari segi fasilitas pokok, fasilitas pelengkap dan fasilitas penunjang pariwisata, hal ini sejalan dengan menurunnya jumlah kunjungan wisatawan yang datang di pantai Labobo. Sehingga dapat dirumuskan tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk merumuskan strategi pengembangan fasilitas pariwisata yang akan diterapkan untuk meningkatkan jumlah kunjungan wisatawan di pantai Labobo. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan observasi lapangan untuk memperoleh data terkait kondisi fasilitas, pengunjung serta lokasi wisata, melakukan penyebaran kuesioner kepada pengunjung untuk mengetahui hasil evaluasi kondisi fasilitas dan untuk menentukan fasilitas prioritas yang akan dikembangkan, melakukan wawancara untuk memperoleh data pengunjung, ketersediaan fasilitas dan kondisi eksisting wisata, serta melakukan survei literatur untuk menghasilkan indikator variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian. Terdapat analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengevaluasi kondisi fasilitas dan menganalisis fasilitas prioritas yang harus dikembangkan. Hasil dari evaluasi dan menganalisis fasilitas ini dirumuskan kedalam strategi SWOT berdasarkan faktor internal dan eksternal sehingga diperoleh 21 strategi pengembangan fasilitas.
Kata-kunci : fasilitas, pengunjung, strategi dan pengembangan