bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A SAW‐Based Programmable Controlled RNA Detecting Device: Rapid In Situ Cytolysis‐RNA Capture‐RNA Release‐PCR in One Mini Chamber
Authors: Yang Yupeng , Wang Zenan , Xie Hetao , Hu Ying , Liu Hong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractViral RNA detection is crucial in preventing and treating early infectious diseases. Traditional methods of RNA detection require a large amount of equipment and technical personnel. In this study, proposed a programmable controlled surface acoustic wave (SAW)‐based RNA detecting device has been proposed. The proposed device can perform the entire viral RNA detection process, including cell lysis by cell‐microparticle collision through SAW‐induced liquid whirling, RNA capture by SAW‐suspended magnetic beads, RNA elution through SAW‐induced high streaming force, and PCR thermal cycling through SAW‐generated heat. The device has completed all RNA detection steps in one mini chamber, requiring only 489 µl reagents for RNA extraction, much smaller than the amount used in manual RNA extraction (2065 µl). The experimental results have shown that PCR results from the device are comparable to those achieved via commercial qPCR instrumental detection. This work has demonstrated the potential of SAW‐based lab‐on‐a‐chip devices for point‐of‐care testing and provided a novel approach for rapidly detecting infectious diseases.
Single‐Cell Patch‐Clamp/Proteomics of Human Alzheimer's Disease iPSC‐Derived Excitatory Neurons Versus Isogenic Wild‐Type Controls Suggests Novel Causation and Therapeutic Targets
Authors: Ghatak Swagata , Diedrich Jolene K. , Talantova Maria , Bhadra Nivedita , Scott Henry , Sharma Meetal , Albertolle Matthew , Schork Nicholas J. , Yates John R. , Lipton Stuart A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStandard single‐cell (sc) proteomics of disease states inferred from multicellular organs or organoids cannot currently be related to single‐cell physiology. Here, a scPatch‐Clamp/Proteomics platform is developed on single neurons generated from hiPSCs bearing an Alzheimer's disease (AD) genetic mutation and compares them to isogenic wild‐type controls. This approach provides both current and voltage electrophysiological data plus detailed proteomics information on single‐cells. With this new method, the authors are able to observe hyperelectrical activity in the AD hiPSC‐neurons, similar to that observed in the human AD brain, and correlate it to ≈1400 proteins detected at the single neuron level. Using linear regression and mediation analyses to explore the relationship between the abundance of individual proteins and the neuron's mutational and electrophysiological status, this approach yields new information on therapeutic targets in excitatory neurons not attainable by traditional methods. This combined patch‐proteomics technique creates a new proteogenetic‐therapeutic strategy to correlate genotypic alterations to physiology with protein expression in single‐cells.
Early Detection and Monitoring of Anastomotic Leaks via Naked Eye‐Readable, Non‐Electronic Macromolecular Network Sensors
Authors: Jessernig Alexander , Anthis Alexandre H.C. , Vonna Emilie , Rosendorf Jachym , Liska Vaclav , Widmer Jeannette , Schlegel Andrea A. , Herrmann Inge K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAnastomotic leakage (AL) is the leaking of non‐sterile gastrointestinal contents into a patient's abdominal cavity. AL is one of the most dreaded complications following gastrointestinal surgery, with mortality rates reaching up to 27%. The current diagnostic methods for anastomotic leaks are limited in sensitivity and specificity. Since the timing of detection directly impacts patient outcomes, developing new, fast, and simple methods for early leak detection is crucial. Here, a naked eye‐readable, electronic‐free macromolecular network drain fluid sensor is introduced for continuous monitoring and early detection of AL at the patient's bedside. The sensor array comprises three different macromolecular network sensing elements, each tailored for selectivity toward the three major digestive enzymes found in the drainage fluid during a developing AL. Upon digestion of the macromolecular network structure by the respective digestive enzymes, the sensor produces an optical shift discernible to the naked eye. The diagnostic efficacy and clinical applicability of these sensors are demonstrated using clinical samples from 32 patients, yielding a Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve (ROC AUC) of 1.0. This work has the potential to significantly contribute to improved patient outcomes through continuous monitoring and early, low‐cost, and reliable AL detection.
Stabilization of High‐Pressure Phase of Face‐Centered Cubic Lutetium Trihydride at Ambient Conditions
Authors: Li Xin , Wang Ying , Fu Yuhao , Redfern Simon A. T. , Jiang Shuqing , Zhu Pinwen , Cui Tian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSuperconductivity at room temperature and near‐ambient pressures is a highly sought‐after phenomenon in physics and materials science. A recent study reported the presence of this phenomenon in N‐doped lutetium hydride [Nature 615, 244 (2023)], however, subsequent experimental and theoretical investigations have yielded inconsistent results. This study undertakes a systematic examination of synthesis methods involving high temperatures and pressures, leading to insights into the impact of the reaction path on the products and the construction of a phase diagram for lutetium hydrides. Notably, the high‐pressure phase of face‐centered cubic LuH3 (fcc‐LuH3) is maintained to ambient conditions through a high‐temperature and high‐pressure method. Based on temperature and anharmonic effects corrections, the lattice dynamic calculations demonstrate the stability of fcc‐LuH3 at ambient conditions. However, no superconductivity is observed above 2 K in resistance and magnetization measurements in fcc‐LuH3 at ambient pressure. This work establishes a comprehensive synthesis approach for lutetium hydrides, thereby enhancing the understanding of the high‐temperature and high‐pressure method employed in hydrides with superconductivity deeply.
Technical note: Micro‐computed tomography calibration using dental tissue for bone mineral research
Authors: Towle Ian , Loch Carolina , Oxenham Marc , Krueger Kristin L. , Samir Salem Amira , de Pinillos Marina Martínez , Modesto‐Mata Mario , Hlusko Leslea J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractComputed tomography (CT) and microcomputed tomography (μCT) require calibration against density phantoms scanned with specimens or during routine internal calibration for assessment of mineral concentration (MC) and density. In clinical studies involving bone, alternative calibration methods using bodily tissues and fluids (“phantomless” calibration) have been suggested. However, such tissues are seldom available in archeological and osteological research. This study investigates the potential of dental tissue as internal reference for calibration of μCT scans, facilitating the analysis of bone MC. We analyzed 70 molars from 24 extant primate species, including eight human teeth, each scanned with density phantoms for calibration. Our findings indicate that sampling specific regions of molars (lateral aspects of the mesial cusps) yields low variation in enamel and dentine MC values, averaging 1.27 g/cm3 (±0.03) for dentine and 2.25 g/cm3 (±0.03) for enamel. No significant differences were observed across molar types or among scanning procedures, including scanner model, resolution, and filters. An ad hoc test on 12 mandibles revealed low variance in MC between the conventional phantom and dental tissue calibration methods; all 36 measurements (low, medium, and high MC for each mandible) were within 0.05 g/cm3 of each other —81% were within 0.03 g/cm3 and 94% within 0.04 g/cm3. Based on these results, we propose a new “phantomless” calibration technique using these mean enamel and dentine MC values. The presented phantomless calibration method could aid in the assessment of bone pathology and enhance the scope of studies investigating bone structure and physical property variations in archeological, osteological, and laboratory‐based research.
Biomimetic Photoexcited Cobaloxime Catalysis in Organic Synthesis
Authors: Dam Phong , Zuo Kaiming , Azofra Luis Miguel , El‐Sepelgy Osama 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDrawing inspiration from nature has long been a cornerstone of chemical innovation, with natural systems offering a wealth of untapped potential for discovery. In this minireview, we delve into the burgeoning field of cobaloxime catalysis in organic synthesis, which mimics the catalytic activity of the natural organometallic alkylcobalamine enzymes. Our focus lies on elucidating the latest advancements in this area, as well as delineating the primary mechanistic pathways at play. By describing, and comparing these mechanisms, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art, while also shedding light on the key unresolved challenges that await further exploration.
Synthesis, Isolation, and Reactivity Studies of ‘Naked’ Acyclic Gallyl and Indyl Anions
Authors: Sarkar Debotra , Vasko Petra , Gluharev Tihomir , Griffin Liam P. , Bogle Charlotte , Struijs Job , Tang Jianqin , Roper Aisling F. , Crumpton Agamemnon E. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBy exploiting the electronic capabilities of the N‐heterocyclic boryloxy (NHBO) ligand, we have synthesized “naked” acyclic gallyl [Ga{OB(NDippCH)2}2]− and indyl [In{OB(NDippCH)2}2]− anions (as their [K(2.2.2‐crypt)]+ salts) through K+ abstraction from [KGa{OB(NDippCH)2}2] and [KIn{OB(NDippCH)2}2] using 2.2.2‐crypt. These systems represent the first O‐ligated gallyl/indyl systems, are ultimately accessed from cyclopentadienyl GaI/InI precursors by substitution chemistry, and display nucleophilic reactivity which is strongly influenced by the presence (or otherwise) of the K+ counterion.
Polyhedral {Ag12} and {Ag16} Clusters: Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Third‐Order Nonlinear Optical Properties
Authors: Xie Hong‐Ping , Jin Xiao‐Hang , Li Jun‐Yi , Du Ming‐Hao , Song Ying‐Lin , Lang Jian‐Ping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTwo polyhedral silver‐thiolate clusters, [S@Ag16(Tab)10(MeCN)8](PF6)14 (Ag16) and [Ag12(Tab)6(DMF)12](PF6)12 (Ag12), were synthesized by using electroneutral Tab species as protective ligands (Tab=4‐(trimethylammonio)benzenethiolate, DMF=N,N‐dimethylformamide, MeCN=acetonitrile). Ag16 has a decahedral shape composed of eight pentagon {Ag5} units and two square {Ag4} units. The structure of Ag12 is a cuboctahedron, a classical Archimedean structure composed of six triangular faces and eight square faces. The former configuration is discovered in silver‐thiolate cluster for the first time, possibly benefited from the more flexible coordination between the Tab ligand and Ag+ facilitated by the electropositive −N(CH3)3+ substituent group. Third‐order nonlinear optical studies show that both clusters in DMF exhibit reverse saturate absorption response under the irradiation of 532 nm laser.
Inherent Behavior of Electrode Materials of Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Safaeipour Sepideh , Shahpouri Elham , Kalantarian Mohammad Mahdi , Mustarelli Piercarlo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor independency from the fossil fuels and to save environment, we need to move toward the green energies, which requires better energy storage devices, especially for usage in electric vehicles. Li‐ion and beyond‐lithium insertion batteries are promising to this aim. However, they suffer from some inherent limitations which must be understood to allow their development and pave the way to find suitable energy storage alternatives. It is found that each positive or negative electrode material (cathode or anode) of the intercalation batteries has its own behavioral (charge‐discharge) properties. The modification of preparation parameters (composition, loading density, porosity, particle size, etc.) may improve some aspects of the electrode performance, but cannot change the intrinsic property of the electrode itself. Accordingly, these properties are called as the “inherent behavior characteristics” of the active material. It is concluded that the behavior of a specific electrode substance, even following different preparation routes, depends only on diffusion mechanisms. This work shows that the inherent electrode properties can be visualized by representation of current density vs. capacity.
Effect of Sustainable and Confined Media on the Photoinduced [6π]‐Electrocyclization Reaction of Diphenyl and N‐Methyldiphenylamines.
Authors: Salum María L. , Protti Stefano , Mella Mariella , Bonesi Sergio M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA systematic investigation of the photoinduced [6π]‐electrocyclization reaction of diphenylamine and N‐methyldiphenylamine has been carried out under steady‐state and time‐resolved conditions in homogeneous (cyclohexane, acetonitrile and methanol) and micellar solutions (sodium dodecyl sulfate ‐SDS, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride‐CTAC and polyethylene glycol monododecyl ether‐Brij P35). The photolysis of such compounds in both homogeneous and micro‐heterogeneous media afforded the corresponding carbazoles in almost quantitative yield under oxidative conditions. Furthermore, the relative rate of formation of the photoproducts increases when moving from homogeneous media to micellar solution, due to the environmental confined and hydrophobic micellar core as highlighted by 1D and 2D NMR (NOESY and DOSY) spectroscopic analyses.
Experimental verification of isolation power circuit for transformer‐less AC fed electric vehicles
Authors: Fukuda Tenko , Funaki Tsuyoshi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to develop a power supply system without a traction transformer for weight reduction and downsizing. Transformer‐less power supply is expected to realize step‐down, rectification, isolation, and motor drive using a high‐voltage silicon carbide power device. The primary challenge of this study was developing a novel circuit that isolates the motor drive circuit from the AC line without using the traction transformer. Accordingly, we devised a flying capacitor circuit to solve the existing problems and achieve capacitive isolation. Subsequently, we devised a nesting capacitor as a short‐circuit prevention measure. In this study, the operation of the isolated circuit was verified by numerical simulation, complemented by experimental verification of the proposed circuit.
Natural history and clinical outcomes of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy from thin filament mutations
Authors: Saul Tatiana , Bui Quan M. , Argiro Alessia , Keyt Lucas , Olivotto Iacopo , Adler Eric 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) due to thick filament variants is more common; however, HCM due to thin filament variants (HCM‐Thin) may be associated with a more malignant phenotype with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. The aim of this study was to review all the published cases of HCM‐Thin to better understand the natural history and clinical outcomes of this disease. A literature review of HCM‐Thin identified 21 studies with a total of 177 patients that were suitable for analysis. There were three outcomes of interest, which included a heart failure composite, a ventricular arrhythmia composite and a heart failure and arrhythmia composite outcome. Kaplan–Meier (KM) survival analyses for freedom from each of the abovementioned composite outcomes were completed for the entire cohort and stratified by age of onset and sarcomeric variant. The heart failure composite occurred in 24 (13.6%) patients, the ventricular arrhythmia composite occurred in 30 patients (16.9%) and the combined heart failure and arrhythmia composite occurred in 50 patients (28.2%). In regard to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), the majority of patients were preserved (LVEF > 50%) compared with mildly reduced (LVEF 41%–50%) and reduced (LVEF ≤ 40%) (respectively 26.6% vs. 0.6% vs. 3.4%). The median maximal left ventricular wall thickness (LVWT) was 19.0 mm [interquartile range (IQR) 5.3]. Only 10.7% of the cohort had evidence of left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction. Those with paediatric‐onset HCM had earlier onset and were at higher risk for each endpoint than their adult counterparts. When stratified by genetic variant, patients with TNNI3 and TPM1 were at a higher risk of the heart failure composite endpoint and the combined heart failure and arrhythmia composite endpoint in comparison with those with the other genetic variants. HCM‐Thin is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, with a high arrhythmia burden despite low rates of cardiac obstruction and mild hypertrophy. The paediatric onset of disease and certain sarcomeric variants appear to be associated with a worse prognosis than their adult‐onset and other sarcomeric variant counterparts. HCM‐Thin seems to have a distinct phenotype, which may require a different management approach.
Pressure‐Induced Encapsulation of Cs+ Cations within an 18‐Crown‐6 Cavity: Insights from X‐ray Diffraction, Raman Spectroscopy, and DFT Calculations
Authors: Rusanov Eduard B. , Wörle Michael D. , Kovalenko Maksym V. , Domasevitch Kostiantyn V. , Rusanova Julia A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study utilizes single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) to explore the structural response of [Cs(18‐Crown‐6)][SbCl6] under high pressure (HP). Notably, the pressure drives large Cs atoms closer to the center of the crown ether cavity, ultimately requiring pressures of 3 GPa for its complete encapsulation. Remarkably, the absence of short contacts in the crystal classifies the material as a “loose crystal” offering a unique model for understanding compression mechanisms. The crystal exhibits highly anisotropic compression behavior with an impressive volume reduction and non‐linear pressure – unit‐cell parameters relationships facilitated by the absence of short CH⋅⋅⋅Cl contacts up to 0.9 GPa. Beyond this pressure, steric repulsion due to shortening H⋅⋅⋅Cl and H⋅⋅⋅H interactions hinders further effective compression, so pressure dependence on unit cell parameters and volume becomes more linear. The behavior of [Cs(18‐Crown‐6)][SbCl6] at different conditions was studied using Raman spectroscopy and supplemented by DFT calculations.
Evaluation of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in liver cells’ cultures by MEKC: Initial hints to comprehend its role in diabetes mellitus of obese individuals
Authors: Simões Bruna Eduarda Santos , Muniz Mariana Roberta Rodrigues , Araujo Thiago dosReis , Magalhães Carneiro Everardo , Simionato Ana Valéria Colnaghi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenetic factors, diet, lifestyle, and other factors lead to various complications in the body, such as obesity and other chronic diseases. The inflammatory state caused by excessive accumulation of body fat affects the pathways related to the control of glycemic homeostasis, leading to a high demand for insulin, to subsequent failure of stressed β cells, and development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study of new endocrine signalers, such as bile acids (BAs), becomes necessary as it allows the development of alternatives for T2DM treatment. In this work, a methodology was developed to quantify tauroursodeoxycholic BA (TUDCA) in liver cells of the HepG2 strain treated in hyperlipidic medium. This BA helps to improve insulin clearance by increasing the expression of the insulin‐degrading enzyme, restoring sensitivity to this hormone, and making it viable for treating T2DM. Herein, a targeted metabolomic method for TUDCA determination in extracellular medium of hepatocyte matrices by micellar electrokinetic chromatography‐UV was optimized, validated, and applied. The optimized background electrolyte was composed of 40 mmol/L sodium cholate and 30 mmol/L sodium tetraborate at pH 9.0. The following figures of merit were evaluated: linearity, limit of quantification, limit of detection, accuracy, and precision. Data obtained with the validated electrophoretic method showed a self‐stimulation of TUDCA production in media supplemented only with BA. On the other hand, TUDCA concentration was reduced in the hyperlipidic medium. This suggests that, in these media, the effect of TUDCA is reduced, such as self‐stimulated production and consequent regulation of glycemic homeostasis. Therefore, the results reinforce the need for investigating TUDCA as a potential T2DM biomarker as well as its use to treat several comorbidities, such as obesity and diabetes mellitus.
Succession changes of microbial community for inferring the time since deposition of saliva
Authors: Jin Xiaoye , Tian Shunyi , Zhang Hongling , Ren Zheng , Wang Qiyan , Liu Yubo , Zheng Hao , Yang Meiqing , Huang Jiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSaliva is a common biological examination material at crime scenes and has high application value in forensic case investigations. It can reflect the suspect's time of crime at the scene and provide evidence of the suspect's criminal facts. Even though many researchers have proposed their experimental protocols for estimating the time since deposition (TsD) of saliva, there is still a relative lack of research on the use of microorganisms to estimate TsD. In the current study, the succession change of microbial community in saliva with different TsD values was explored to discern the microbial markers related to TsD of saliva. We gathered saliva samples from six unrelated healthy Han individuals living in Guizhou, China and exposed these samples to indoor conditions at six time points (0, 1, 3, 7, 15, and 28 days). Temporal changes of microbial compositions in these samples were investigated by 16S rRNA sequencing (V3–V4 regions). By assessing temporal variation patterns of microbial abundance at the genus level, four bacteria (Brucella, Prevotella, Pseudomonas, and Fusobacterium) were observed to show good time dependence in these samples. In addition, the hierarchical clustering and principal co‐ordinates analysis results revealed that these saliva samples could be classified into t‐short (≤7 days) and t‐long (>7 days) groups. In the end, the random forest model was developed to predict the TsD of these samples. For the model, the root mean square error, R2, and mean absolute error between predicted and actual TsD values were 1.5213, 0.9851, and 1.1969, respectively. To sum up, we identified TsD‐related microbial markers in saliva samples, which could be viewed as valuable markers for inferring the TsD of saliva.
Economic policy uncertainty and credit risk in microfinance: A cross‐country analysis
Authors: Xie Mufang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing a cross‐country data set of 670 microfinance institutions (MFIs) in nine countries from 1999 to 2018, this study examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the credit risk of MFIs. The empirical results show that EPU significantly increases the credit risk of MFIs. Our findings are valid in a series of robustness checks. The moderating effects reveal that group lending can mitigate the impact of EPU on the credit risk of MFIs and that EPU has a weaker impact on nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and cooperatives and credit unions (Coop/CUs). We explore potential channels through which credit risk is influenced by EPU from the perspectives of earnings volatility and cost. We find that EPU increases the credit risk of MFIs not only by reducing profitability and leverage levels and increasing earnings volatility but also by raising financing costs.