bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weaknesses and improvements of an efficient certificateless signature scheme without using bilinear pairings
Authors: Tsai Jia‐Lun , Lo Nai‐Wei , Wu Tzong‐Chen 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThe certificateless signature (CLS) scheme is a special signature scheme that solves the key escrow problem in identity‐based signature schemes. In CLS schemes, the private key is generated cooperatively by the key generator center (KGC) and signer, such that a malicious KGC cannot masquerade as the signer and sign a message. He et al. in 2011 proposed an efficient CLS scheme without using bilinear pairings. However, we discovered that the CLS scheme by He et al. cannot resist a strong type 2 adversary if this adversary replaces the master public key of the KGC. This work proposes an improved scheme that overcomes this weakness. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Boulders as building blocks: improving habitat and river connectivity for stream fish
Authors: Branco Paulo , Boavida Isabel , Santos José Maria , Pinheiro António , Ferreira Maria Teresa 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTFragmentation of freshwater systems is one of the more common human‐induced impacts on the environment, and one of the most dramatic because it leads to disconnections among riverine habitats, severely affecting fish populations. To counter this form of ecological abuse, there has been a significant increase of the number of restoration actions. This work approached stream restoration from a holistic point of view, combining habitat modelling with laboratory experimental research. A 2D hydrodynamic model was used to test the increase in weighted usable area (WUA) created by different boulder placement (BP) scenarios in a disturbed site, with a widespread potamodromous cyprinid fish – the Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei) – as the target species. This was complemented by experimental trials in a full‐scale experimental fishway with different bottom substrata arrangements, in order to assess the effects of boulders on barbel movements. Results show that instream BP increases WUA for barbel and facilitates fishway negotiation. The findings reflect the importance of placing instream boulders in fragmented systems in order to enhance suitable habitat area and river connectivity. However, BP must be specifically designed for each case and should always be preceded by a comprehensive study for each site and target fish species. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indium‐Mediated Addition of γ‐Substituted Allylic Halides to N‐Aryl α‐Imino Esters: Diastereoselective Production of β,β′‐Disubstituted α‐Amino Acid Derivatives with Two Contiguous Stereocenters
Authors: Aslam Nayyar Ahmad , Rajkumar Vadla , Reddy Chennakesava , Yasuda Makoto , Baba Akio , Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda 
Published: June 2012

AbstractChelation‐controlled Barbier‐type indium‐mediated addition of γ‐substituted allylic halides to N‐aryl (including N‐PMP) α‐imino‐ and N‐acylhydrazono esters and highly diastereoselective tailoring of functionalized γ,δ‐unsaturated β,β′‐disubstituted N‐aryl α‐amino acid derivatives, bearing two contiguous stereocenters is reported. Further N‐allylation of the resulting γ,δ‐unsaturated β,β′‐disubstituted N‐aryl amino acid derivatives followed by ring closing metathesis (RCM) led to the synthesis of 2,3‐disubstituted N‐aryltetrahydropyridine derivatives bearing two contiguous stereocenters. The stereochemistry of the key products was unequivocally established from X‐ray structure analyses.
Fluorinated Carbohydrates as Lectin Ligands: Biorelevant Sensors with Capacity to Monitor Anomer Affinity in 19F‐NMR‐Based Inhibitor Screening
Authors: André Sabine , Cañada F. Javier , Shiao Tze Chieh , Largartera Laura , Diercks Tammo , Bergeron‐Brlek Milan , el Biari Khouzaima , Papadopoulos Alex , Ribeiro Joao P. , Touaibia Mohamed , Solís Dolores , Menéndez Margarita , Jiménez‐Barbero Jesús , Roy René , Gabius Hans‐Joachim 
Published: June 2012

AbstractOur recent description of pulse sequences for the intramolecular relay of 1H polarization to the 19F reporter of a carbohydrate ligand after saturation transfer from a cognate lectin prompted us to test the applicability of this technique for inhibitor screening. By strategically combining synthetic organic chemistry and cell assays with 19F‐NMR‐based competition experiments, we document the validity of this approach. Two mannose‐specific leguminous agglutinins as receptors, the α‐methyl derivative of 2‐deoxy‐2‐fluoro‐D‐mannopyranoside as sensor and synthetic mannosides selected to represent different inhibitory capacities were used to establish a test panel. Signal amplitudes were found to vary among the two related lectins, and their precipitation by glycodendrimers enabled inherent limits to be set. The obtained experimental basis was then broadened by assaying a galactopyranoside‐binding plant toxin, using 6‐deoxy‐6‐fluoro‐D‐galactopyranose as a sensor molecule. The easy identification of the two anomeric signals by 19F NMR spectroscopy enabled ready detection of the preference of this lectin for the α‐anomer and allowed the two individual inhibition profiles to be deduced. These 19F NMR spectroscopic data were in accord with the activities of inhibitors used to protect cells from toxicity. Our results therefore provide an experimental basis for 19F‐NMR‐based inhibitor screening.
On the Use of Carbon Nanotubes to Promote the Electricity Generation During Sulfate Removal
Authors: Bai Lu , Deng Liu , Liu Ling , Yong Daming , Yu Dengbin , Dong Shaojun 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCarbon nanotubes (CNTs) were explored as a promoter in electron transfer during sulfate removal. The results of a potentiostatic method, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the CNTs modified electrode exhibited better performance (e.g. 13‐fold increase of the electricity generation) than that of bare electrodes. Due to the large specific surface area, excellent conductivity, and good biocompatibility, CNTs not only accelerated the electron transfer between electrode and biofilm, but also provided a suitable microbial environment for sulfate‐reducing bacteria immobilization. Thus, the CNTs modified electrode has great potential to be used in a high‐power microbial fuel cell for sulfate removal.
Nonlinear analysis of out‐of‐plane masonry façades: full dynamic versus pushover methods by rigid body and spring model
Authors: Casolo Siro , Uva Giuseppina 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYThe paper proposes a systematic comparison between two methods of analysis that are well established in the field of earthquake engineering: nonlinear dynamic analysis and nonlinear static procedure (NSP), applied to the out‐of‐plane seismic response of two masonry façades representative of many ancient Italian churches. The comparison is based on extensive numerical analyses, which focus on the flexural and torsional mechanisms, while the in‐plane damage mechanisms and the possible detachment between the façade and the lateral walls because of a poor connection have been presently disregarded. The computations, both in the static and in the dynamic field, are based on a rigid body and spring model specifically implemented for this issue, computationally efficient and equipped with a realistic model of damage and hysteresis at the mesoscale. An innovative aspect of this study is the heuristic modelling of three‐wythe masonry, to include some typical texture effects on the macroscale nonlinear response. For each façade, two different masonry textures were considered, performing extensive dynamic analyses that offered a detailed overview about the performance under earthquakes of different intensities. In parallel, NSP and the classical N2‐based seismic assessment were applied. A critical discussion and comparison of the results of the two methods is presented to rationally appraise limits and opportunities. In particular, flexural and twisting out‐of‐plane mechanisms were clearly appraised in the dynamic field, whereas NSPs were not always able to describe the collapse, because they missed the partial failures determined by higher vibration modes, as could be expected. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Snow cornice dynamics as a control on plateau edge erosion in central Svalbard
Authors: Eckerstorfer Markus , Christiansen Hanne H. , Vogel Stephan , Rubensdotter Lena 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTSnow cornices grow extensively on leeward edges of plateau mountains in central Svalbard. A dominant wind direction, a snowdrift source area and a sharp slope transition largely control the formation of snow cornices in a barren peri‐glacial landscape. Seasonal snow cornice dynamics control bedrock weathering and erosion in sedimentary bedrock on the Gruvefjellet plateau edge in the valley Longyeardalen. Air, snow and ground temperature sensors, as well as automatic time‐lapse cameras on a leeward facing plateau edge were used to study seasonal cornice dynamics. These techniques allowed for monitoring of cornice accretion, deformation and collapse/melting in great detail. The active layer of the top plateau edge is characterized by high moisture content due to rain before freeze‐up in autumn and cornice meltdown during spring thaw. Thus frost weathering there can be very efficient in this otherwise cold and dry environment. Within the first autumn snowstorms, a vertical fully developed cornice was in place (190 cm thick). The backwall surface beneath the thickest part of the cornice remained in the ice segregation ‘frost cracking window’ for almost nine months. Highly weathered rock material from the plateau edge is thus incorporated into the cornice during cornice accretion. Brittle snow deformation leads to the opening of cornice tension cracks between the cornice mass and the snowpack on the plateau. These cracks are a prerequisite for cornice collapses, and often trigger cornice fall avalanches on the slope beneath. In these open cornice tension cracks, weathered rock debris, plucked from the plateau edge, can be visible, demonstrating the erosional property of the cornices. The cornice will either collapse or melt, resulting in suspended sediment transport downslope by cornice fall avalanche or release as rock fall respectively. Therefore, cornices both promote and trigger high weathering rates on Gruvefjellet, and thus control presently the development of the rockwall free faces and the talus cones. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Toxicity of fullerene (C60) to sediment-dwelling invertebrate Chironomus riparius larvae
Authors: Waissi-Leinonen Greta C. , Petersen Elijah J. , Pakarinen Kukka , Akkanen Jarkko , Leppänen Matti T. , Kukkonen Jussi V.K. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
An environmentally realistic method to test fullerene (C60) toxicity to the benthic organism Chironomus riparius was created by allowing suspended fullerenes to settle down, making a layer on top of the sediment. To test the hypothesis that higher food concentrations will reduce toxic responses, two food concentrations were tested (0.5 and 0.8% Urtica sp.) in sediment containing fullerene masses of 0.36 to 0.55 mg/cm2 using a 10-d chronic test. In the 0.5% food level treatments, there were significant differences in all growth-related endpoints compared with controls. Fewer effects were observed for the higher food treatment. Fullerene agglomerates were observed by electron microscopy in the gut, but no absorption into the gut epithelial cells was detected. In the organisms exposed to fullerenes, microvilli were damaged and were significantly shorter. The potential toxicity of fullerene to C. riparius appears to be caused by morphological changes, inhibiting larval growth. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2108–2116. © 2012 SETAC
The relationship between total cholinesterase activity and mortality in four butterfly species
Authors: Bargar Timothy A. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The relationship between total cholinesterase activity (TChE) and mortality in four butterfly species (great southern white [Ascia monuste], common buckeye [Junonia coenia], painted lady [Vanessa cardui], and julia butterflies [Dryas julia]) was investigated. Acute contact toxicity studies were conducted to evaluate the response (median lethal dose [LD50] and TChE) of the four species following exposure to the organophosphate insecticide naled. The LD50 for these butterflies ranged from 2.3 to 7.6 µg/g. The average level of TChE inhibition associated with significant mortality ranged from 26 to 67%, depending on the species. The lower bounds of normal TChE activity (2 standard deviations less than the average TChE for reference butterflies) ranged from 8.4 to 12.3 µM/min/g. As a percentage of the average reference TChE activity for the respective species, the lower bounds were similar to the inhibition levels associated with significant mortality, indicating there was little difference between the dose resulting in significant TChE inhibition and that resulting in mortality. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 2124–2129. © 2012 SETAC
Analysis and modelling of YouTube traffic
Authors: Ameigeiras Pablo , Ramos‐Munoz Juan J. , Navarro‐Ortiz Jorge , Lopez‐Soler J.M. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTYouTube currently accounts for a significant percentage of the Internet's global traffic. Hence, understanding the characteristics of the YouTube traffic generation pattern can provide a significant advantage in predicting user video quality and in enhancing network design. In this paper, we present a characterisation of the traffic generated by YouTube when accessed from a regular PC. On the basis of this characterisation, a YouTube server traffic generation model is proposed, which, for example, can be easily implemented in simulation tools. The derived characterisation and model are based on experimental evaluations of traffic generated by the application layer of YouTube servers. A YouTube server commences the download with an initial burst and later throttles down the generation rate. If the available bandwidth is reduced (e.g. in the presence of network congestion), the server behaves as if the data excess that cannot be transmitted because of the reduced bandwidth were accumulated at a server's buffer, which is later drained if the bandwidth availability is recovered. As we will show, the video clip encoding rate plays a relevant role in determining the traffic generation rate, and therefore, a cumulative density function for the most viewed video clips will be presented. The proposed traffic generation model was implemented in a YouTube emulation server, and the generated synthetic traffic traces were compared with downloads from the original YouTube server. The results show that the relative error between downloads from the emulation server and the original server does not exceed 6% for the 90% of the considered videos. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Workflow using sparse vintage data for building a first geological and reservoir model for CO2geological storage in deep saline aquifer. A case study in the St. Lawrence Platform, Canada
Authors: Claprood Maxime , Gloaguen Erwan , Giroux Bernard , Konstantinovskaya Elena , Malo Michel , Duchesne Mathieu J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAmong all geological CO2storage possibilities, deep saline aquifers are of great interest due to their worldwide repartition and their important storage volume. We present a workflow using available vintage data with poor 2D seismic coverage for building a first geological and reservoir model for CO2geological storage in the deep saline aquifers of the St. Lawrence Platform in the Bécancour area (Québec, Canada). In order to optimize the sparse available geoinformation using a geostatistical method, we krige the tops of the geological formations recorded at 11 wells using surfaces modeled from seismic horizons picked on 99.4 line‐km of 2D seismic reflection data. Modeled geological horizons show a good compromise between the geometric structure expressed by the variograms and the interpreted variations evaluated from seismic horizons. Using available well logs, distribution of porosity and permeability are computed for generating multiple realizations of the petrophysical properties of the targeted aquifer by sequential Gaussian simulations. The scarcity of available petrophysical data in the targeted aquifer generates high variability between the different realizations. Due to this uncertainty, the population of the 3D geological model with petrophysical properties that are required for further geostatistical simulations of CO2injection do not allow to achieve reliable results. The methodology presented in this paper shows the possibilities and limits of using vintage data, and provides evidence that geophysical data acquired in a 3D fashion are important to fully characterize a reservoir for CO2geological storage. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Intranasal administration of aTf protects and repairs the neonatal white matter after a cerebral hypoxic–ischemic event
Authors: Guardia Clausi Mariano , Paez Pablo M. , Campagnoni Anthony T. , Pasquini Laura A. , Pasquini Juana M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractOur previous studies showed that the intracerebral injection of apotransferrin (aTf) attenuates white matter damage and accelerates the remyelination process in a neonatal rat model of cerebral hypoxia‐ischemia (HI) injury. However, the intracerebral injection of aTf might not be practical for clinical treatments. Therefore, the development of less invasive techniques capable of delivering aTf to the central nervous system would clearly aid in its effective clinical use. In this work, we have determined whether intranasal (iN) administration of human aTf provides neuroprotection to the neonatal mouse brain following a cerebral hypoxic–ischemic event. Apotransferrin was infused into the naris of neonatal mice and the HI insult was induced by right common carotid artery ligation followed by exposure to low oxygen concentration. Our results showed that aTf was successfully delivered into the neonatal HI brain and detected in the olfactory bulb, forebrain and posterior brain 30 min after inhalation. This treatment successfully reduced white matter damage, neuronal loss and astrogliosis in different brain regions and enhanced the proliferation and survival of oligodendroglial progenitor cells (OPCs) in the subventricular zone and corpus callosum (CC). Additionally, using an in vitro hypoxic model, we demonstrated that aTf prevents oligodendrocyte progenitor cell death by promoting their differentiation. In summary, these data suggest that iN administration of aTf has the potential to be used for clinical treatment to protect myelin and to induce remyelination in demyelinating hypoxic–ischemic events in the neonatal brain. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Microglia and intractable chronic pain
Authors: Tsuda Makoto , Beggs Simon , Salter Michael W. , Inoue Kazuhide 
Published: June 2012

AbstractMany pathological processes within the central nervous system are mediated by complex interactions between neurons and resident glial cells. In the case of painful peripheral neuropathy, spinal microglia react and undergo a series of changes that directly influence the establishment of neuropathic pain states. Purinergic signaling has been shown to be at the center of this reactivity, and here we review recent mechanistic advances describing the importance of microglial P2 receptors and their interactions with neuronal populations in the development of neuropathic pain. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of Color, Scouring Method, and Age on the Visual Sensibility of Naturally Colored Organic Cotton (NaCOC)
Authors: Park Jangwoon , Chang Yoon , Hong Wongi , Lee Myungeun , Han Ahreum , Chae Youngjoo , Cho Gilsoo , You Heecheon 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn parallel to the social trend of green consumerism and well‐being, the demand for naturally colored organic cotton (NaCOC) continually increases in the textile and clothing industry. The present study examined the effects of NaCOC color, scouring method, and age on the visual sensibility of NaCOC. Two age groups (20s and 30s; 40s and 50s) of women rated three color sets of NaCOC specimens (ivory, green, and coyote brown) treated by two chemical scouring methods (Na2CO3 and NaOH) and two bioscouring methods (enzyme and boiling water) using 7‐point scales of nine visual sensibilities (bright‐dark; clear‐murky; heavy‐light; vivid‐subdued; warm‐cool; fresh‐stale; strong‐weak; showy‐plain; and luxurious‐cheap). Preferred scouring methods by NaCOC color and/or age group were recommended for each visual sensibility (e.g., preferred scouring methods for fresh sensibility are Na2CO3 for ivory NaCOC, Na2CO3 and NaOH for green NaCOC, and boiling water for coyote brown NaCOC). In addition, the representative visual sensibilities of each NaCOC color (e.g., those of coyote brown NaCOC are dark, murky, heavy, vivid, warm, stale, strong, plain, and luxurious sensibilities) were identified for the women participants. Last, it was demonstrated that a bioscouring method can replace the traditional chemical methods for selected visual sensibilities (e.g., boiling water for luxurious sensibility). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Municipal service delivery: A multi‐stakeholder framework
Authors: Messinger Paul R. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA large number of services that affect people's lives in modern economies are delivered by cities. This paper proposes a framework for municipal service delivery. Within this framework, the paper highlights challenges cities face when combining human and automated service delivery. The paper also describes how to harness social media to facilitate citizen engagement in the process of addressing some of these challenges. Lastly, the paper underlines the need for institutional arrangements and flexible software systems that can facilitate citizen‐centered municipal service delivery and social media engagement. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intrinsic functional connectivity of the human medial temporal lobe suggests a distinction between adjacent MTL cortices and hippocampus
Authors: Lacy Joyce W. , Stark Craig E.L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFunctional connectivity analyses can offer insights into mechanisms of the brain that might not be revealed by traditional fMRI. These analyses compare seed voxels' activity over time to the activity of other voxels over time and identify correlations between regions. This study is the first to perform functional connectivity analyses in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) at high enough resolution to resolve the hippocampal subfields. We calculated the average correlation coefficients between the MTL cortices, which include the entorhinal (ERC), perirhinal (PRC), and parahippocampal cortex (PHC), and the hippocampal subfields dentate gyrus/CA3, CA1, and subiculum. We found that the hippocampal subfields had relatively high correlations with each other both within and across hemispheres, but did not have exceptionally strong correlations with the MTL cortices. The opposite was also seen where there was a relatively high correlation coefficient between the ERC and PRC, but both regions had low correlation coefficients with the hippocampal subfields. We also found greater functional connectivity within a hemisphere than across hemispheres. These effects were replicated across multiple datasets which differed in task demands, participants' age, and scanner sequence/slice acquisition. Notably, all datasets were better correlated to these patterns of intrinsic functional connectivity than to a model based on anatomical constraints. This is consistent with evidence that functional connectivity is not a direct mapping of anatomical connectivity. These patterns of functional connectivity imply a distinction between the MTL cortices and the hippocampus and speak to our understanding of the organization of the MTL. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.