bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun vascular graft properties following femtosecond laser ablation
Authors: Lee Carol H. , Lim Yong C. , Powell Heather M. , Farson Dave F. , Lannutti John J. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFor polymers in tissue engineering to reach their full potential, the three‐dimensional integration of cells with scaffolds must become more complex. In vascular grafts this is particularly challenging as specific physical property requirements must be met. We apply a combination of polymer processing techniques—electrospinning and femtosecond laser ablation—to produce microchannels inside the walls of electrospun tubes providing for spatially‐controlled cell seeding. To determine if such a scaffold can provide the desired physical properties, a greater understanding of the relationship between manufacturing and mechanics is needed. As the strength of these scaffolds is an important functional component, the relative properties of single, bi‐ and tri‐layer combinations produced using different solvents were compared. The effect of fiber layer thickness was also investigated. The thickness of the hexafluorisopropanol‐derived layer dominated the overall scaffold properties regardless of the nature of the other two layers. Although laser‐machined microchannels had substantial effects on single layer and some of the bilayers, in the “final” trilayer scaffold, little effect on mechanical properties was observed. The concept of “vascular wall engineering” could successfully produce trilayer composite scaffolds that maintain the targeted mechanical properties while allowing intricate, three‐dimensional cell seeding. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Optical and electrical characterization of (PEO+methyl violet) polymer electrolytes
Authors: Kilarkaje Subramanya , Manjunatha V. , Devendrappa H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOptical properties and electrical conductivity of polyethylene oxide (PEO) with methyl violet dopant film have studied. The complexation of the methyl violet dopant with PEO was confirmed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies. The microstructure morphology have been analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) for pure and dopant films. The UV‐absorption studies were made in the wavelength range 190–1100 nm for pure and doped films. The dc electrical conductivity data was collected using two probe technique in the temperature range 303–333 K. The UV–visible spectra showed the absorption band at 190 nm for pure PEO and doped from 208–224 nm region with different absorption intensities. The absorption edge, direct and indirect band gap were estimated using Mott and Davis Model. The optical activation energy can be determined using the Urbach rule, for pure PEO it was found 2.38 eV and 1.28–4.08 eV for doped films. The absorption band was shifted toward the higher frequency, the direct and indirect band gap decreases with increasing of dopant concentration, corresponds to the allowed inter band transition of electron. The dc electrical conductivity results shows that it increases with increasing dopant weight percentage and temperature which corresponds to the enhancement of charge mobility in these dye doped polymers. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Electrospinning of poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(4‐styrenesulfonic acid) for fuel cell applications
Authors: Martwiset Surangkhana , Jaroensuk Kulchaya 
Published: November 2011

AbstractElectrospun fibers of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and PVA/poly(4‐styrenesulfonic acid) (PSSA) were obtained. By varying PVA to PSSA weight ratios, various fiber sizes and shapes were observed. The fiber diameters ranged from 176 to 766 nm, and the largest fibers were obtained from 15 wt % aqueous PVA solution. The effect of solution viscosity on fiber morphology was discussed. The presence of PSSA in electrospun fibers was confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy. The PVA fibers were thermally stable up to 250°C, and the PVA/PSSA fibers were stable up to approximately 150°C. The water stability of the fibers was improved by heat‐treatment at 120°C. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis of Some New S‐Alkylated 1,2,4‐Triazoles, Their Mannich Bases and Their Biological Activities
Authors: Alam Mohammad Mahboob , Nazreen Syed , Haider Saqlain , Shafi Syed , Yar Mohammad Shahar , Hamid Hinna , Alam Mohammad Sarwar 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA series of 1‐(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐2‐[5‐{(biphenyl‐4‐yloxy)methyl}4‐(substituted phenyl)‐3‐mercapto‐(4H)‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐ylthio)] ethanones (6a–6s) and 4‐(substituted phenyl)‐3‐(morpholin/pyrrolidin‐4‐ylmethylthio)‐5‐(4‐phenylphenoxymethyl)‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazoles (7a–7e) were synthesized in order to obtain new compounds with potent anti‐inflammatory and analgesic activity with insignificant ulceration. Among the synthesized compounds, (6c), (6e), (6g) and (6l) from triazole series and (7b) and (7e) from Mannich base series were found to exhibit significant anti‐inflammatory activity with 59.69, 59.69, 64.69, 79.84, 54.54, 79.69% and 52.55, 57.50, 72.52, 83.03, 60.06, 84.08% inhibition of paw edema at 3 h and 5 h respectively, in comparison to the standard drug ibuprofen (78.93 and 82.58% at 3 h and 5 h). The active compounds were further tested for their analgesic activity and gastric ulceration study. Compounds 6g, 7b and 7e exhibited significant analgesic activity with reaction time (3.60, 3.22, 3.88 s) respectively at 60 min. without causing any gastric irritation. These compounds were also screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity, Compounds 6f, 6g, 6h, 6l, 6o, 6p, 7a, 7b and 7c showed significant zone of inhibition against various antimicrobial stains. It is concluded that the compounds 6g, 7b and 7e possess a good spectrum of activities. Compound 7e may be considered potent for development of better anti‐inflammatory agent. The antimicrobial activity revealed that most of the compounds showed moderate to significant activity. Compounds containing nitro, chloro, bromo and fluoro group showing better activity. All the compounds from 7a, 7b and 7e were active against gram positive bacteria (S. aureus).
Semi‐automatic surface and volume mesh generation for subject‐specific biomedical geometries
Authors: Sazonov Igor , Nithiarasu Perumal 
Published: November 2011

SUMMARYAn overview of surface and volume mesh generation techniques for creating valid meshes to carry out biomedical flows is provided. The methods presented are designed for robust numerical modelling of biofluid flow through subject‐specific geometries. The applications of interest are haemodynamics in blood vessels and air flow in upper human respiratory tract. The methods described are designed to minimize distortion to a given domain boundary. They are also designed to generate a triangular surface mesh first and then volume mesh (tetrahedrons) with high quality surface and volume elements. For blood flow applications, a simple procedure to generate a boundary layer mesh is also described. The methods described here are semi‐automatic in nature because of the fact that the geometries are complex, and automation of the procedures may be possible if high quality scans are used. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tandem Amination/Cycloisomerization of Aryl Propargylic Alcohols with 2‐Aminopyridines as an Expedient Route to Imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines
Authors: Liu Ping , Deng Chun‐Lin , Lei Xinsheng , Lin Guo‐qiang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA new tandem route leading to imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines has been explored through the direct amination of aryl propargylic alcohols with 2‐aminopyridines and their subsequent intramolecular cycloisomerization. A ZnCl2/CuCl system has been developed to promote this transformation, which resulted in various imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridines in moderate to good yields.
A [2]Catenane and Pretzelane Based on Sn–Porphyrin and Crown Ether
Authors: Han Min , Zhang Heng‐Yi , Yang Li‐Xu , Ding Zhi‐Jun , Zhuang Rui‐Jie , Liu Yu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA [2]catenane and a pretzelane that consist of one aromatic dialkylammonium spacer, one dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 (DB24C8) unit, and one Sn–porphyrin dihydroxide component were synthesized. In the [2]catenane, dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 and the Sn–porphyrin dihydroxide are two independent components, whereas in the pretzelane, dibenzo‐24‐crown‐8 and the Sn–porphyrin dihydroxide are linked covalently. The interlocked molecules were obtained by the axial ligation of Sn–porphyrin dihydroxide with the resorcinol moieties of both termini in the aromatic dialkylammonium spacer.
Advances in the management of recurrent or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Shin Dong M. , Khuri Fadlo R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMost patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) undergo definitive therapy, yet locoregional recurrence and metastasis are common. Most patients ultimately require systemic treatment. Platinum/5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) has been the standard of care for patients with good performance status (median survival, 6–8 months). Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), significantly improved median survival in combination with platinum/5‐FU compared with chemotherapy alone, establishing it as a new standard for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease. Cetuximab is also active in platinum‐refractory disease. Ongoing trials are exploring other EGFR inhibitors as well as the use of biologic agents in combination (eg, cetuximab + bevacizumab). Predictive biomarkers may help personalize therapy for SCCHN, and it is unclear whether the favorable prognostic effect of p16 or human papillomavirus in locally advanced oropharyngeal cancer is relevant for advanced disease. Head Neck, 2013
Combined p53‐related genetic variants together with HPV infection increase oral cancer risk
Authors: Wang Zhongqiu , Sturgis Erich M. , Zhang Yang , Huang Zhigang , Zhou Qi , Wei Qingyi , Li Guojun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTo explore the role of polymorphisms of p53‐related genes in etiology of oral cancer, we investigated joint effects of seven putatively functional polymorphisms of p53 (codon 72 Arg/Pro), p73 (4/14 GC/AT), murine double minute 2 gene (MDM2; A2164G and T2580G) and MDM4 (rs11801299 G > A, rs10900598 G > T and rs1380576 C > G) on risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)16‐associated oral cancer in a case–control study with 325 cases and 335 cancer‐free controls. We found that HPV16 seropositivity alone was associated with an increased risk of oral cancer [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 3.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.1–4.6]. After combining genotypes of seven polymorphisms and using the low‐risk group (0–3 combined risk genotypes) and HPV16 seronegativity as the reference group, the medium‐risk (4 combined risk genotypes) and high‐risk groups (5–7 combined risk genotypes) and HPV16 seronegativity were associated with only an OR of 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1–2.5) and 1.2 (95% CI, 0.7–1.9) for oral cancer risk, respectively, whereas the low‐risk, medium‐risk and high‐risk groups and HPV16 seropositivity were significantly associated with a higher OR of 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2–3.6), 4.0 (95% CI, 1.8–9.1) and 19.1 (95% CI, 5.7–64.2), respectively. Notably, such effect modification by these combined risk genotypes was particularly pronounced in young subjects (aged < 50 years), never smokers and patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Taken together, these findings suggest that the combined risk genotypes of p53‐related genes may modify risk of HPV16‐associated oral cancer, especially in young patients, never‐smokers and patients with oropharyngeal cancer. Larger studies are needed to validate our findings.
MicroRNA‐34b functions as a potential tumor suppressor in endometrial serous adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hiroki Eri , Suzuki Fumihiko , Akahira Jun‐ichi , Nagase Satoru , Ito Kiyoshi , Sugawara Jun‐ichi , Miki Yasuhiro , Suzuki Takashi , Sasano Hironobu , Yaegashi Nobuo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEndometrial serous adenocarcinoma (ESC) is aggressive and carries a poor prognosis. p53 is frequently mutated in ESC. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a direct p53 target and have been implicated in cancer cell behavior. In this study, we compared miRNA expression levels in ESC with the levels in endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma (EEC) and normal endometria. Six miRNAs were identified as having aberrant down‐regulation specific to ESC with miR‐34b being most pronounced. miR‐34b was found to have promoter hypermethylation, which when reversed, restored miR‐34b expression in the cell lines treated with 5‐aza‐2′ deoxycytidine (DAC). Ectopic expression of miR‐34b in turn inhibited cell growth, migration and most notably invasion. Our findings suggest a relationship among p53 mutation, miR‐34b promoter methylation and tumor cell behavior. These effects are likely mediated by the downstream target of miR‐34b, the proto‐oncogene mesenchymal‐epithelial transition factor (MET), a known prognostic factor in endometrial carcinomas. The expression of MET was reduced following the restoration of miR‐34b in cell lines. In summary, our data suggest that miR‐34b plays a role in the molecular pathogenesis of endometrial cancer.
FRAX underestimates fracture risk in patients with diabetes
Authors: Giangregorio Lora M , Leslie William D , Lix Lisa M , Johansson Helena , Oden Anders , McCloskey Eugene , Kanis John A 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
The study objective was to determine whether diabetes is a risk factor for incident hip or major osteoporotic fractures independent of the WHO fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). Men and women with diabetes (n = 3518) and nondiabetics (n = 36,085) aged ≥50 years at the time of bone mineral density (BMD) testing (1990 to 2007) were identified in a large clinical database from Manitoba, Canada. FRAX probabilities were calculated, and fracture outcomes to 2008 were established via linkage with a population-based data repository. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine if diabetes was associated with incident hip fractures or major osteoporotic fractures after controlling for FRAX risk factors. Mean 10-year probabilities of fracture were similar between groups for major fractures (diabetic 11.1 ± 7.2 versus nondiabetic 10.9 ± 7.3, p = 0.116) and hip fractures (diabetic 2.9 ± 4.4 versus nondiabetic 2.8 ± 4.4, p = 0.400). Diabetes was a significant predictor of subsequent major osteoporotic fracture (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.61, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42–1.83) after controlling for age, sex, medication use, and FRAX risk factors including BMD. Similar results were seen after adjusting for FRAX probability directly (HR = 1.59, 95% CI 1.40–1.79). Diabetes was also associated with significantly higher risk for hip fractures (p &lt; 0.001). Higher mortality from diabetes attenuated but did not eliminate the excess fracture risk. FRAX underestimated observed major osteoporotic and hip fracture risk in diabetics (adjusted for competing mortality) but demonstrated good concordance with observed fractures for nondiabetics. We conclude that diabetes confers an increased risk of fracture that is independent of FRAX derived with BMD. This suggests that diabetes might be considered for inclusion in future iterations of FRAX. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Evaluation of heterotrophic nitrite removal by a sulphide and acetate oxidizing mixed culture originated from an oil reservoir
Authors: An Shijie , Loden Brian , Nemati Mehdi 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Shortcut biological nitrogen removal (SBNR) has attracted much attention in recent years due to lower aeration and chemical oxygen demand (COD) requirements, shorter residence time and smaller biomass production. In this work an oil reservoir denitrifying culture, with the ability to function under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions was used for heterotrophic denitritation. Using freely suspended cells, effects of nitrite concentration (10–50 mmol L−1) and temperature (15–35 °C) on the kinetics of denitritation were investigated and a kinetic model was developed. Potential for enhancement of nitrite removal rate, and impacts of nitrite concentration and loading rate were investigated in a continuous biofilm reactor.RESULTS: Nitrite did not impose any inhibitory effect, even at the highest applied concentration of 50 mmol L−1. Increase of temperature in the range 15–35 °C enhanced the reduction rate significantly. Fitting the experimental data into the model developed, values of biokinetic coefficients (µmax−NO2, KS−NO2, YX−NO2, YX−Ace−NO2 and Eµ‐NO2) were determined. In the biofilm reactor increases in nitrite loading rate (through flow rate or feed nitrite concentration) led to a linear increase of nitrite removal rate, with the highest removal rate of 140.6 mmol L−1 h−1 achieved with a residence time of 0.19 h.CONCLUSION: The enrichment culture used in this study is not only a superior biocatalyst for simultaneous removal of sulphide, nitrate and BOD, it could also be used effectively in the denitritation step of an SBNR process. The kinetic model developed would certainly have beneficial applications in the design, operation and control of the SBNR process. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Trends in seasonal indices of daily temperature extremes in the Iberian Peninsula, 1929–2005
Authors: Fernández‐Montes S. , Rodrigo F. S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSeasonal changes of extreme daily temperature indices (frequency of frost days, tropical nights, and ‘summer’ days) of 25 stations in the Iberian Peninsula (IP) from 1929 to 2005 are investigated. Cluster analysis is used to identify homogeneous groups of stations with similar thermal regimes. The Mann‐Kendall test is applied to look for statistically significant trends. The results show a significant decreasing trend (−0.6 days/decade), especially from 1965 onwards, in the frequency of frost days for coastal stations, and significant increasing trends, from 1980 onwards, especially important to the southeast of the IP (+3.8 days/decade) for summer tropical nights, and in the southern stations (+2.3 days/decade) for summer days. The behaviour of the winter frost days index is related to the evolution of winter NAO and EA patterns (with increasing trends in the last decades of the 20th century). Although multiple regression models establish a relationship between summer indices and the SCAN pattern, the behaviour of residuals indicates that summer indices must be explained by other causal mechanisms. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Viscoelastic properties of human cortical bone tissue depend on gender and elastic modulus
Authors: Wu Ziheng , Ovaert Timothy C. , Niebur Glen L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBone exhibits rate‐dependent failure behavior, suggesting that viscoelasticity is a factor in the damage and fracture of bone. Microdamage initiates at scales below the macroscopic porosity in bone, and, as such, is affected by the intrinsic viscoelasticity of the bone tissue. The viscoelasticity of the bone tissue can be measured by nanoindentation and recording the creep behavior at constant load. The viscoelastic properties have been used to assess differences in tissue behavior with respect to fracture healing, aging, and mouse strains. In this study, we compared the viscoelastic behavior of human cortical bone between genders by using nanoindentation at a fixed load of 10 mN to measure the creep time constant. Bones from females had a significantly greater time constant, indicating slower creep and relaxation, than bones from males. The creep time constants decreased with increasing tissue modulus. The mineralization, collagen content, and collagen cross‐link density, which were bulk measurements, were analyzed to determine if the differences in viscoelastic behavior were explained by compositional differences in the bone. However, none of the parameters differed between genders, nor were they correlated to the viscoelastic time constant. As such, the difference must depend on other matrix proteins that we did not assess or differences in the microstructural organization. This is one of the only intrinsic bone material properties that has been found to differ between males and females, and it may be important for assessing differences in fracture risk, since crack propagation is generally sensitive to viscoelastic properties. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:693–699, 2012
Effect of solid content and composition of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose–lipid edible coatings on physico‐chemical and nutritional quality of ‘Oronules’ mandarins
Authors: Contreras‐Oliva Adriana , Rojas‐Argudo Cristina , Pérez‐Gago Maria B 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Citrus fruit represent an important source of vitamin C, as well as other bioactive compounds. Edible coatings have the potential to extend shelf life of citrus by providing a semi‐permeable barrier to water and gases, which depends on coating composition, solid content (SC), and cultivar. However, little is known about the effect of coatings on citrus nutritional quality. This work studies the effect of coating composition and SC of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)–beeswax (BW)–shellac coatings on the physico‐chemical, sensory and nutritional quality of ‘Oronules’ mandarins. Coatings prepared at the same lipid content differed in the BW:shellac ratio (1:3 and 3:1) and SC of the formulations (40 and 80 g kg−1).RESULTS: The coating with 1:3 BW:shellac ratio and 80 g kg−1 SC was the most effective controlling weight loss, although it was less effective than the commercial wax tested. Increasing SC had a greater effect than the BW:shellac ratio in fruit internal atmosphere and sensory quality, with the presence of off‐flavour when coatings were applied at 80 g kg−1 SC. Nutritional quality was not affected by the application of the different treatments.CONCLUSION: HPMC–lipid coatings have the potential to extend shelf life of ‘Oronules’ mandarins. However, care should be taken controlling formulation SC to avoid the build‐up of off‐flavour. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Effects of specific egg yolk antibody (IgY) on the quality and shelf life of refrigerated Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Xu Yafu , Lin Hong , Sui Jianxin , Cao Limin 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: The spoilage of fishery food has been attributed to limited types of microorganisms called specific spoilage organisms (SSO). Unlike traditional food‐preserving techniques which usually exploit broad‐spectrum antimicrobial agents, here, based on the specific antimicrobial activity of egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against two SSO in refrigerated fish (Shewanella putrefaciens and Pseudomonas fluorescens), a novel strategy for fish preservation was suggested and evaluated.RESULTS: During storage of Paralichthys olivaceus fillets at 4 ± 1 °C, the bacteria growth (including total microorganisms and the two SSO) in test groups was significantly inhibited in comparison to that of controls (P < 0.05). This antibacterial activity of the specific IgY was also confirmed by chemical analysis (pH, total volatile base nitrogen and 2‐thiobarbituric acid value) and sensory evaluation, and the shelf life of samples was extended approximately from 9 days to 12–15 days in the presence of the specific IgY.CONCLUSION: These results indicated a significant antimicrobial activity of the anti‐SSO IgY for refrigerated fish products, which allowed us to suggest its potential as a bio‐preservative for seafood. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Isomorphic formulae in classical propositional logic
Authors: Došen Kosta , Petrić Zoran 
Published: November 2011

AbstractIsomorphism between formulae is defined with respect to categories formalizing equality of deductions in classical propositional logic and in the multiplicative fragment of classical linear propositional logic caught by proof nets. This equality is motivated by generality of deductions. Characterizations are given for pairs of isomorphic formulae, which lead to decision procedures for this isomorphism.