bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Music therapy with hospitalized infants—the art and science of communicative musicality
Authors: Malloch Stephen , Shoemark Helen , Črnčec Rudi , Newnham Carol , Paul Campbell , Prior Margot , Coward Sean , Burnham Denis 
Published: June 2012

AbstractInfants seek contingent, companionable interactions with others. Infants in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), while receiving care that optimizes their chances of survival, often do not have the kind of interactions that are optimal for their social development. Live music therapy (MT) with infants is an intervention that aims for contingent, social interaction between therapist and infant. This study, with a limited numbers of infants, examined the effectiveness of an MT intervention in the NICU at The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne. Two groups of late pre‐term and full‐term infants were recruited to the study; one was given MT and the other was not. A healthy group of infants not given MT served as an additional control. The effect of MT was indexed using two measures reflecting infant social engagement: the Neurobehavioral Assessment of the Preterm Infant (NAPI) and the Alarm Distress Baby Scale (ADBB). Results suggest that the MT intervention used at The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne supports infants' neurobehavioral development. In particular, hospitalized infants who received MT were better able to maintain self‐regulation during social interaction with an adult, were less irritable and cried less, and were more positive in their response to adult handling, when compared with infants who did not receive the intervention. These are important prerequisites for social interaction and development. Further and larger scale research using MT with this population is indicated.
MEK/ERK pathway mediates PKC activation‐induced recruitment of PKCζ and MMP‐9 to podosomes
Authors: Xiao Helan , Bai Xiao‐Hui , Wang Yingchun , Kim Hyunhee , Mak Alan S. , Liu Mingyao 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPodosomes are adhesive structures on the ventral surface of cells that invade and degrade the extracellular matrix. Recently, we reported that phorbol 12,13‐dibutyrate (PDBu), a protein kinase C (PKC) activator, induced podosome formation in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells, and atypical PKCζ regulated MMP‐9 recruitment to podosomes for its release and activation. The objective of this study was to explore signaling pathways that are involved in PKC activation‐induced podosome formation and matrix degradation. Herein, we found that PDBu increased phosphorylation of PI3K p85, Akt, Src, ERK1/2, and JNK. Inhibitors for PI3K, Akt, and Src suppressed PDBu‐induced podosome formation and matrix degradation. In contrast, blockers for MEK/ERK or JNK did not inhibit podosome formation but reduced proteolytic activity of podosomes. Inhibition of PKCζ activity with its pseudosubstrate peptide (PS)‐inhibited PDBu‐induced phosphorylation of MEK/ERK and JNK. On the other hand, inhibition of MEK/ERK or JNK pathway did not affect PKCζ phosphorylation, but reduced the recruitment of PKCζ and MMP‐9 to podosomes. We conclude that PKCζ may regulate MEK/ERK and JNK phosphorylation and in turn activated MEK/ERK and JNK may regulate the proteolytic activity of PDBu‐induced podosomes by influencing the recruitment of PKCζ and MMP‐9 to podosomes. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 416–427, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Two‐Dimensional sixteen channel transmit/receive coil array for cardiac MRI at 7.0 T: Design, evaluation, and application
Authors: Thalhammer Christof , Renz Wolfgang , Winter Lukas , Hezel Fabian , Rieger Jan , Pfeiffer Harald , Graessl Andreas , Seifert Frank , Hoffmann Werner , von Knobelsdorff‐Brenkenhoff Florian , Tkachenko Valeriy , Schulz‐Menger Jeanette , Kellman Peter , Niendorf Thoralf 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPurpose:To design, evaluate, and apply a 2D 16‐channel transmit/receive (TX/RX) coil array tailored for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7.0 T.Materials and Methods:The cardiac coil array consists of two sections each using eight elements arranged in a 2 × 4 array. Radiofrequency (RF) safety was validated by specific absorption rate (SAR) simulations. Cardiac imaging was performed using 2D CINE FLASH imaging, T mapping, and fat–water separation imaging. The characteristics of the coil array were analyzed including parallel imaging performance, left ventricular chamber quantification, and overall image quality.Results:RF characteristics were found to be appropriate for all subjects included in the study. The SAR values derived from the simulations fall well within the limits of legal guidelines. The baseline signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) advantage at 7.0 T was put to use to acquire 2D CINE images of the heart with a very high spatial resolution of (1 × 1 × 4) mm3. The proposed coil array supports 1D acceleration factors of up to R = 4 without significantly impairing image quality.Conclusion:The 16‐channel TX/RX coil has the capability to acquire high contrast and high spatial resolution images of the heart at 7.0 T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:847–857. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
THE EFFECT OF ACACIA MEARNSII INVASION AND CLEARING ON SOIL LOSS IN THE KOUGA MOUNTAINS, EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Van Der Waal B. W. , Rowntree K. M. , Radloff S. E. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTConcerns exist over increasing sediment yields in areas of South Africa with a Mediterranean climate that result from the clearing of invasive woody vegetation from steep slopes, as part of the Working for Water Programme. Erosion rates were monitored with erosion pins over a 26‐month period. Measurements were made on slopes covered with indigenous fynbos vegetation, intact Acacia mearnsii stands (the invasive species) and on slopes from which A. mearnsii had been cleared either within the last 2 years or 11 years ago. Net erosion was observed at all sites following the largest storm during the monitoring period, whereas smaller storms were often accompanied by net deposition. Cleared locations showed the most variable response through time and sites with native fynbos vegetation the least. A stepwise multiple regression showed that vegetation cover, slope gradient and stone cover were the main variables affecting soil loss, but the relationship varied between sites and measuring periods. Soil loss was negatively related to vegetation cover and stone cover, as could be expected; the negative relationship with slope was more surprising. Stone cover, which increases with slope gradient, is considered to be an important control on soil loss. The findings of this study suggest that the rehabilitation of hillslopes invaded by alien woody vegetation needs to take into account the slow recovery of vegetation after initial clearing as, 11 years since clearing, significant erosion still occurs during severe storms. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New exact solutions for the variable coefficient modified KdV equation using direct reduction method
Authors: El‐Shiekh Rehab M. 
Published: June 2012

In this paper, the direct reduction method combined with the homogeneous balance method is used to construct new exact solutions for the variable coefficient modified KdV model in fluid‐filled elastic tubes.The variable coefficient modified KdV is reduced to a Ricatti ordinary equation that has many exact solutions. The solutions obtained in this manuscript are new and recover other solutions obtained before in many literature. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Incremental elastoplastic analysis for active macro‐zones
Authors: Zito L. , Cucco F. , Parlavecchio E. , Panzeca T. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper a strategy to perform incremental elastoplastic analysis using the symmetric Galerkin boundary element method for multidomain type problems is shown. The discretization of the body is performed through substructures, distinguishing the bem‐elements characterizing the so‐called active macro‐zones, where the plastic consistency condition may be violated, and the macro‐elements having elastic behaviour only. Incremental analysis uses the well‐known concept of self‐equilibrium stress field here shown in a discrete form through the introduction of the influence matrix (self‐stress matrix). The nonlinear analysis does not use updating of the elastic response inside each plastic loop, but at the end of the load increment only. This is possible by using the self‐stress matrix, both, in the predictor phase, for computing the stress caused by the stored plastic strains, and, in the corrector phase, for solving a nonlinear global system, which provides the elastoplastic solution of the active macro‐zones. The use of active macro‐zones gives rise to a nonlocal and path‐independent approach, which is characterized by a notable reduction of the number of plastic iterations. The proposed strategy shows several computational advantages as shown by the results of some numerical tests, reported at the end of this paper. These tests were performed using the Karnak.sGbem code, in which the present procedure was introduced as an additional module.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A finite volume method for the approximation of convection–diffusion equations on general meshes
Authors: Hermeline F. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYA new finite volume method is presented for approximating convection–diffusion equations. This method allows general (unstructured, non‐matching, distorted) meshes to be used without the numerical results being too much altered. The method has been tested for some well‐known benchmarks involving convection and convection–diffusion operators in two space dimensions. These numerical experiments show that it is between first and second‐order accurate, according to the type of the underlying mesh. Further numerical experiments regarding the striation equations have been carried out successfully. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improving multiresolution topology optimization via multiple discretizations
Authors: Nguyen Tam H. , Paulino Glaucio H. , Song Junho , Le Chau H. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYUnlike the traditional topology optimization approach that uses the same discretization for finite element analysis and design optimization, this paper proposes a framework for improving multiresolution topology optimization (iMTOP) via multiple distinct discretizations for: (1) finite elements; (2) design variables; and (3) density. This approach leads to high fidelity resolution with a relatively low computational cost. In addition, an adaptive multiresolution topology optimization (AMTOP) procedure is introduced, which consists of selective adjustment and refinement of design variable and density fields. Various two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional numerical examples demonstrate that the proposed schemes can significantly reduce computational cost in comparison to the existing element‐based approach. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dimension reduction in stochastic modeling of coupled problems
Authors: Arnst M. , Ghanem R. , Phipps E. , Red‐Horse J. 
Published: June 2012

SUMMARYCoupled problems with various combinations of multiple physics, scales, and domains are found in numerous areas of science and engineering. A key challenge in the formulation and implementation of corresponding coupled numerical models is to facilitate the communication of information across physics, scale, and domain interfaces, as well as between the iterations of solvers used for response computations. In a probabilistic context, any information that is to be communicated between subproblems or iterations should be characterized by an appropriate probabilistic representation. Although the number of sources of uncertainty can be expected to be large in most coupled problems, our contention is that exchanged probabilistic information often resides in a considerably lower dimensional space than the sources themselves. This work thus presents an investigation into the characterization of the exchanged information by a reduced‐dimensional representation and in particular by an adaptation of the Karhunen‐Loève decomposition. The effectiveness of the proposed dimension–reduction methodology is analyzed and demonstrated through a multiphysics problem relevant to nuclear engineering. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of the Anti‐oxidants in Flos Chrysanthemi by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MSn and HPLC Coupled with a Post‐column Derivatisation System
Authors: Niu Yaru , Yin Liangliang , Luo Shiheng , Dong Jing , Wang Hong , Hashi Yuki , Chen Shizhong 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionFlos Chrysanthemi (Jiju) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is known to have anti‐oxidant activity; in this study, on‐line HPLC–DAD–ESI/MSn and HPLC–DAD–DPPH methods have been developed for rapidly screening and identifying free‐radical scavengers in Jiju extract.ObjectiveTo develop an efficient method for the simultaneous identification and detection of the anti‐oxidant components in Flos Chrysanthemi (Jiju).MethodologyA concentrated methanol extract of Flos Chrysanthemi from Jiaxiang County (Jiju) was first separated into phases soluble in water, petroleum ether and n‐butanol. The off‐line 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical‐scavenging method was then used to evaluate the anti‐oxidant activity of each phase in vitro. The results showed that the n‐butanol extract had the highest anti‐oxidant activity, and its anti‐oxidant compounds were analysed by HPLC–DAD–ESI/MSn and HPLC coupled with a post‐column derivatisation (PCD) system supplied with DPPH, aluminium chloride or sodium acetate solutions.ResultsA total of 17 compounds were separated and identified, three of which were identified in Jiju for the first time, and seven active compounds serve as the chemical basis of the anti‐oxidant efficacy of Jiju.ConclusionThe methods described here allow rapid separation and convenient identification of the multiple constituents in Jiju, and may be applied to other complex natural matrices. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A privacy‐preserving acceleration authentication protocol for mobile pay‐TV systems
Authors: Liu Xuefeng , Zhang Yuqing 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIt is highly probable that many requests for the same service (popular/hot videos) arrive at the service provider in a short time or even simultaneously in a pay‐TV system. In conventional schemes, for nonrepudiation of communication, the service provider verifies each service request signed by subscribers one by one, which results in a high computation burden and long delay. In this paper, we propose an efficient privacy‐preserving authentication mechanism for mobile pay‐TV systems. The mechanism adopts batch verification technique, allowing the service provider to verify multiple requests from different subscribers in a batch manner instead of one by one. In addition, a hand‐off authentication mechanism with privacy preserving based on proxy signature cryptography is also proposed to support mobile pay‐TV systems. With the proxy signature technique, the communication is only between a subscriber and a new transmitter while the head end system is no longer involved during hand‐off. Simulation results show that even in the case of high bogus request ratio (p = 25 %), batch verification still excels individual verification in performance. Moreover, the proposed protocol only requires point multiplication operations on subscribers. Therefore, this scheme enjoys computation and communication efficiency compared with the existing schemes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Research on Finite Element Determinant of Orthotropic Plate in Steamlined Steel Box Girder
Authors: Zhang Hui , Liu Shizhong , Yuan Zhuoya , Yang Zijiang , Lin Pengzhen , Ning Guixia , Shi Xiongwei 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA new type of streamlined girder bridge with orthotropic plates steel box girder is evaluated via testing and analysis. Although the use of finite element modeling has become indispensable for the detailed calculation of certain details and connections, an analytical approach remains a very effective method to determine the internal forces and moments in the box girder. Two new theoretical analysis models are undertaken to study the behavior of aimed bridge. The FE determinants of the two models are built. The validity of the proposed methods is checked by full finite element calculation using shell elements. In addition, a total experimental model is set up to verify the reliability of computational models. The computation results compare well with the experimental results. It is illustrated that it is an effective method to predict properties of this kind of bridges.
Adolescents who self‐harm: Professional staff knowledge, attitudes and training needs
Authors: Timson Debbie , Priest Helena , Clark‐Carter David 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to investigate professional staff attitudes and knowledge about adolescents who engage in self‐harming behaviour and to identify training needs. Previous research has suggested that medical and health care staff perceptions may reinforce the stigma associated with such behaviour and therefore jeopardise the effectiveness of interventions. To date, no available research exists on the views of school teachers. Participants recruited for the study were 120 qualified professionals working within an Accident and Emergency Department (A&E), Child & Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) and a Secondary School, based within the West Midlands, United Kingdom. Results demonstrated statistically significant differences between the groups. CAMHS staff were more knowledgeable and felt more effective than either A&E staff or teachers, whereas A&E staff expressed more negative attitudes. 95% of all staff reported that they would benefit from further training. These findings are discussed in relation to practice issues.
Psychological Predictors on the Outcome of Short-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy and Solution-Focused Therapy in the Treatment of Mood and Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Laaksonen M.A. , Knekt P. , Sares-Jäske L. , Lindfors O. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractObjectivePatient's pre-treatment suitability for short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) and solution-focused therapy (SFT) has not been compared. The aim of this study was to compare the prediction of psychological suitability measures on outcome of STPP vs. SFT.MethodAltogether 198 patients with mood or anxiety disorder were randomized to STPP or SFT. A 7-item Suitability for Psychotherapy Scale (SPS) was assessed at baseline and a cumulative SPS score was formed. Psychiatric symptoms were measured using SCL-90-GSI at baseline and seven times during a 3-year follow-up.ResultsThe SPS score predicted the outcome of both short-term psychotherapies; for patients with a good score short-term therapies seemed beneficial, whereas for patients with a poor score they did not seem sufficient. There was no difference between STPP and SFT in the prediction of the SPS score.ConclusionsPsychological suitability measures may apparently be useful in the prediction of overall short-term psychotherapy outcomes.
Soziale Ungleichheit, psychische und körperliche Gesundheit – welchen Einfluss hat das Alter?
Authors: Schmidt Sören , Petermann Franz , Brähler Elmar 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung: Es wird der Forschungsstand zu sozialer Schichtzugehörigkeit und Gesundheit beleuchtet und hinsichtlich altersspezifischer Merkmale diskutiert. Daraus ergeben sich drei mögliche Entwicklungsverläufe, die sich in Divergenz, Kontinuität und Konvergenz ausdrücken. Um Diskrepanzen im psychischen und körperlichen Gesundheitsstatus schichtabhängig und altersspezifisch darzustellen, wurde eine bevölkerungsrepräsentative Stichprobe (N = 2222) mittels zweifaktorieller multivariater Kovarianzanalyse untersucht (Auflösung von Interaktionen in Einfacheffekte). Schichtunabhängig ließ sich eine Abnahme des psychischen und körperlichen Funktionsniveaus über die Altersspanne feststellen. Es ergab sich eine erhebliche Diskrepanz psychischer und körperlicher Belastungen zwischen den verschiedenen sozialen Schichten, indem mit Abnahme des sozialen Status konstant höhere Belastungen auftraten. Lediglich im frühen und späten Erwachsenenalter verpassten diese in der Mehrzahl der Fälle die Signifikanz, was für konvergierende Verläufe spricht. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutsamkeit früher präventiver Maßnahmen, gerade bei Angehörigen niedriger sozialen Schichten. Im höheren Lebensalter sollten weitere Mechanismen, wie die Aktivierung sozialer Netzwerke, erfolgen um einen positiven Einfluss auf das psychische und körperliche Wohlbefinden auszuüben.
Zur Validität des Screenings psychischer Störungen im Jugendalter (SPS-J)
Authors: Hampel Petra , Petermann Franz 
Published: June 2012

Zusammenfassung: Seit 2005 liegt im deutschsprachigen Raum ein ökonomisches Screening-Verfahren mit 32 Items zur Selbsteinschätzung von psychischen Störungen vor, das auf dem Reynolds Adolescent Adjustment Screening Inventory (RAASI) von Reynolds (2001) basiert. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden neuere Studien dargestellt, durch die weitere Erkenntnisse zur Reliabilität und Validität des SPS-J gewonnen wurden. Befunde einer erweiterten Normierungsstichprobe mit N = 1076 Jugendlichen im Alter zwischen 11 und 16 Jahren untermauern die befriedigenden bis guten internen Konsistenzen sowie die gute faktorielle und korrelative Validität. Die 2-Jahres-Retest-Reliabilitäten waren zufriedenstellend. Weitere Studien konnten darüber hinaus zeigen, dass das SPS-J Jugendliche mit psychischen Beeinträchtigungen oder Störungen von gesunden Jugendlichen differenzieren kann. Insgesamt liegen nun erweiterte Normen des SPS-J vor, die eine reliable und valide Erfassung wesentlicher psychischer Störungen erlauben und auf deren Basis bei auffälligen Ausprägungen eine weitere Abklärung psychischer Störungen im Jugendalter vorgenommen werden kann.
Targeted intervention improves knowledge but not self‐care or readmissions in heart failure patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Davis Karen K. , Mintzer Miriam , Himmelfarb Cheryl R. Dennison , Hayat Matthew J. , Rotman Stacey , Allen Jerilyn 
Published: June 2012

AimsMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is prevalent in heart failure, and can contribute to poor self‐care and higher hospital readmissions. Strategies to improve self‐care in patients with MCI have not been studied. This randomized controlled trial aimed to test the effect of a targeted intervention on self‐care, heart failure knowledge, and 30‐day readmissions.Methods and resultsThe study included 125 patients hospitalized for exacerbation of heart failure who screened positive for MCI. The treatment group received a targeted self‐care teaching intervention using principles of cognitive training. Self‐care, heart failure knowledge, depression, and social support were assessed at baseline and 30 days post‐discharge. Mean heart failure knowledge scores improved significantly in the intervention group, but decreased in the control group (P < 0.001). When controlling for other variables, patients in the intervention group showed a greater increase in heart failure knowledge than patients in the control group (P = 0.027). Black race was significantly associated with lower heart failure knowledge scores (P = 0.030). Mean change scores for self‐care showed greater improvement in the intervention group when compared with the control group; however, this was not statistically significant. There was no difference in readmission rates between the groups.ConclusionIt is feasible to conduct a randomized controlled trial in patients with MCI. Patients in the treatment group had greater heart failure knowledge at 30 days post‐discharge; however, this did not impact readmission rates. Further research is needed to describe how MCI affects self‐care and knowledge, and how race and other factors may influence outcomes in this population.