bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Limb Dominance on Chronic Ankle Instability: Does It
Matter?
Authors: Dakhode Shubham Yashwant , Kim Woo Sub , Lee Seung Yeol 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOur study aimed to examine preoperative differences in strength and balance
between dominant foot (DF) and nondominant foot (non-DF) of individuals
undergoing ligament stabilization surgery in the general population. Patients
with records of preoperative evaluation, including isokinetic dynamometric
strength evaluation, Y-balance test (YBT), and Foot and Ankle Outcome Score
(FAOS), were included in the study. The DF was the preferred leg for accurately
kicking a ball through a goal. Statistical analysis determined the differences
between DF and non-DF and the correlations between muscle strength, balance, and
FAOS. There was no statistically significant difference between DF and non-DF
regarding evertor and invertor muscle strength (p=0.082–0.951). The YBT revealed
no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.082–0.951). There was a
significant correlation between the evertor peak torque and total work deficits
at 30°/s (p=0.022), as well as the evertor peak torque deficit at 120°/s
(p=0.048). No significant differences in muscle strength and balance were found
between DF and non-DF in nonathletes with chronic ankle instability. Peroneal
muscle strength deficit was associated with functional impairment. Tailored
interventions are needed to address limb dominance and muscle strength deficits
in CAI management.
Impact of Quantum Coherence on Inelastic Thermoelectric Devices: From Diode to Transistor
Authors: Cao 曹 Bei 蓓 , Han 韩 Chongze 崇泽 , Hao 郝 Xiang 翔 , Wang 王 Chen 晨 , Lu 陆 Jincheng 金成 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present a study on inelastic thermoelectric devices, wherein charge currents and electronic and phononic heat currents are intricately interconnected. The employment of double quantum dots in conjunction with a phonon reservoir positions them as promising candidates for quantum thermoelectric diodes and transistors. We illustrate that quantum coherence yields significant charge and Seebeck rectification effects. It is worth noting that, while the thermal transistor effect is observable in the linear response regime, especially when phonon-assisted inelastic processes dominate the transport, quantum coherence does not enhance thermal amplification. Our work may provide valuable insights for the optimization of inelastic thermoelectric devices.
Study on the effects of medium-low pressure and oxygen concentration on positive streamer based on a two-dimensional fluid model
Authors: Chen Minxin , Yang Zefeng , Wei Wenfu , Wu Jian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We studied positive streamers with a 5 mm gap under 20–101 kPa pressure and 1%–31% O2 concentrations conditions using a 2D axisymmetric fluid model based on local field approximation. As the pressure decreases from 101 kPa to 20 kPa, the axial reduced electric field, the mean electron energy and the electron diffusion coefficient increase, which leads to the acceleration of the streamer propagation velocity and the increase of the streamer channel radius. The opposite change of ionization cross section and gas molecular density caused by the decrease of pressure leads to the non-monotonic change of the peak of net ionization rate. At medium-low pressure, there is a wider ionization region at the streamer head. As the O2 concentration decreases from 31% to 1% in N2/O2, the streamer propagation velocity decreases. When the O2 concentration drops to 1%, the streamer velocity decreases with a descent gradient of nearly 4 times, compared to 11% O2. Based on the space charge effect and chemical reaction rate, a possible mechanism is proposed to explain the abrupt change in the streamer velocity.
Magnetic parity violation and parity-time-reversal-symmetric magnets
Authors: Watanabe Hikaru , Yanase Youichi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Parity-time-reversal symmetry (

PT

symmetry), a symmetry for the combined operations of space inversion (

P

) and time reversal (

T

), is a fundamental concept of physics and characterizes the functionality of materials as well as

P

and

T

symmetries. In particular, the

PT

-symmetric systems can be found in the centrosymmetric crystals undergoing the parity-violating magnetic order which we call the odd-parity magnetic multipole order. While this spontaneous order leaves

PT

symmetry intact, the simultaneous violation of

P

and

T

symmetries gives rise to various emergent responses that are qualitatively different from those allowed by the nonmagnetic

P

-symmetry breaking or by the ferromagnetic order. In this review, we introduce candidates hosting the intriguing spontaneous order and overview the characteristic physical responses. Various off-diagonal and/or nonreciprocal responses are identified, which are closely related to the unusual electronic structures such as hidden spin-momentum locking and asymmetric band dispersion.
Reversible negative compressibility metamaterials inspired by Braess’s Paradox
Authors: Zha Jinmeng , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Negative compressibility metamaterials have attracted significant attention due to their distinctive properties and promising applications. Negative compressibility has been interpreted in two ways. Regarding the negative compressibility induced by a uniaxial load, it can only occur abruptly when the load reaches a certain threshold. Hence, it can be termed as transient negative compressibility. However, fabrication and experiments of such metamaterials have rarely been reported. Herein, we demonstrate them. Inspired by Braess’s paradox, a novel mechanical model is proposed with reversible negative compressibility. It shows multiple types of force responses during a loading-unloading cycle, including transient negative compressibility and hysteresis. Phase diagrams are employed to visualize the relationship between force responses and system parameters. Besides, explicit expressions for the conditions and intensity of negative compressibility are obtained for design and optimization. The model replacement method inspired by compliant mechanism design is then introduced to derive specific unit cell structures, thus avoiding intuition-based approaches. Additive manufacturing technology is utilized to fabricate the prototypes, and negative compressibility is validated via simulations and experiments. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that metamaterials with transient negative compressibility can be activated through electrical heating and can function as actuators, thereby possessing machine-like properties. The proposed mechanical metamaterial and the introduced design methodology have potentials to impact micro-electromechanical systems, force sensors, protective devices, and other applications.
Rotating effects on the photoionization cross-section of a 2D quantum ring
Authors: Pereira Carlos Magno O , Azevedo Frankbelson dos S , Pereira Luís Fernando C , Silva Edilberto O 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this article, we investigate the nonrelativistic quantum motion of a charged particle within a rotating frame, taking into account the Aharonov–Bohm (AB) effect and a uniform magnetic field. Our analysis entails the derivation of the equation of motion and the corresponding radial equation to describe the system. Solving the resulting radial equation enables us to determine the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, providing a clear expression for the energy levels. Furthermore, our numerical analysis highlights the substantial influence of rotation on both energy levels and optical properties. Specifically, we evaluate the photoionization cross-section with and without the effects of rotation. To elucidate the impact of rotation on the photoionization process of the system, we present graphics that offer an appealing visualization of the intrinsic nature of the physics involved.
Molten fluoride salt-assisted synthesis of titanium carbide (Ti2C) MXene and its application for 2 µm mode-locking in a thulium-doped fiber laser
Authors: Ahmad Harith , Kamely Aizuddin Ahmad , Samion Muhamad Zharif , Nizamani Bilal , Reduan Siti Aisyah , Thambiratnam Kavintheran 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Titanium carbide (Ti2C), a new two-dimensional material named MXenes, has attracted interest due to its potential applications in numerous fields. Of the many unique characteristics of Ti2C MXene, its nonlinear properties are attractive for optoelectronic applications, specifically for ultrafast laser generation. In this work, a Ti2C MXene was fabricated by etching a MAX phase precursor titanium aluminum carbide (Ti2AlC) using a mixture of lithium fluoride and hydrochloric acid, eliminating the risk of using the harmful hydrofluoric acid. The Ti2C MXene was prepared in solution form and then dropped onto a reduced core diameter of tapered fiber before being used as a saturable absorber (SA). The SA device was inserted into a thulium-doped fiber laser to generate stable mode-locked pulses at a center wavelength of 1951 nm with a pulse width of 1.67 ps. The mode-locked laser was highly stable when tested over time, with peak optical power fluctuations of as little as 0.005 dB measured. The results show that the Ti2C MXene exhibit outstanding performance for ultrafast laser generation.
Radiation induced non-linear oscillations in ITER baseline scenario plasmas in DIII-D
Authors: Turco F. , Luce T.C. , Osborne T. , Odstrcil T. , Hanson J.M. , McLean A. , Hyatt A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work shows how the radiation brought about by metals or metal-equivalent radiators such as Kr and Xe produces non-linear dynamics on otherwise stationaryβNflattops of DIII-D ITER Baseline Scenario demonstration discharges. The Kr and Xe gases are used to reproduce the radiative loss rates of W in present machines that operate at core temperatures much lower than the expected ITER temperature. Experiments on DIII-D with injection of Kr and Xe, as well as with sources of intrinsic metals reach the range of radiated fraction values expected in the ITER core and experience slow oscillations in temperature and radiated power. In many cases of high radiated fraction, the core temperature decreases enough for the safety factor profile to rise above the 1/1 rational surface, naturally eliminating sawteeth and occasionally producing a persistent helical core. The oscillations can be reproduced by a modified Lotka–Volterra system for temperature and radiated fraction if diffusion and noise are included, which indicates that the interplay between temperature and radiation can be the main cause of the cyclic nature of the system. A new physics based model which includes equations for temperature, density and input power can also reproduce the oscillations observed in the experiments. The present results suggest that the non-linearity of the system can be increased by the inclusion of the inherently non-linear alpha heating term, which is proportional to ∼ne2Ti2, and obtains oscillations in the model when added to an otherwise more stationary system.
Microwave reflective properties of core-shell FeNX@C/Fe4N composite
Authors: Li Yongqing , Zheng Changkuan , Wang Qun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To improve the electromagnetic properties of iron nitride, the core-shell FeNX@C/Fe4N composite material was designed by microwave plasma technique. Within the frequency range of 2-18 GHz, the microwave reflective characteristics of the novel composites mixed with 50% wax were examined. The composition of the core-shell FeNX@C was analyzed by XRD, Raman, and TEM, and the complex permeability and complex permittivity with frequency change were discussed. The results show that the RLmin value (RLmin=-55.1 dB) of FeNx@C/Fe4N composite appears at 17.8 GHz with a thickness of 1.5 mm, and the RLmin value reaches -42.1 dB at the thickness of 3.5 mm corresponding to 6.6 GHz. This work demonstrates the potential prospects for the application of microwave absorbers in the range of 2-18 GHz.
Study on preparation and properties of reversible discoloration coatings for transformer bushing temperature detection
Authors: Wang Wanwei , Liu Guanke , Dai Xiliang , Zhong Rongfu , Liu Zehuai 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Influenced by seasonal fluctuation and stringent operation requirements of transformer bushing, overheating often occurs. In order to detect the heating phenomenon, the reversible discoloration coating is prepared and its characteristics are investigated. The result shows that as the temperature increases, the color-changing material changes obviously from blue to colorless. With the increase of bisphenol A (BPA), the sample color is gradually deepened. With the rise of octadecyl alcohol, the color gradually becomes lighter, and the change range is smaller than BPA. By SEM images and laser particle size images of color-changing material, the size distribution of microcapsules is relatively concentrated and the dispersion is great. The color change temperature of reversible discoloration coating ranges from 48°C to 58°C. The discoloration is obvious. It is distributed that the reversible discoloration coating is thermally stable by the DSC test. As a result, a reference for the temperature detection of transformer high-voltage bushing is provided.
Phase composition, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of Mg1-
x(Li0.5Y0.5)xMoxW1-
xO4 ceramics with low sintering temperatures
Authors: Rao Sijing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Generally, doping is an effective method to improve the microwave dielectric properties and regulate the sintering behavior of microwave dielectric ceramics. In this study, the temperature-stable Mg1-

x
(Li0.5Y0.5)
x
Mo
x
W1-

x
O4 ceramics were prepared by a conventional solid-state reaction method, and the effects of doping on the phase, density, microstructure, and microwave dielectric properties of the samples were investigated. The presence of secondary phase Li0.5Y0.5MoO4 successfully improved the sintering behavior of the sample, achieving densification at low sintering temperatures, while effectively adjusting the temperature coefficient of resonant frequency and improving the temperature stability of the sample. Notably, when sintered at 875°C, Mg1-

x
(Li0.5Y0.5)
x
Mo
x
W1-

x
O4 ceramics exhibited satisfactory microwave dielectric properties: ε

r
= 14.83, Q×f = 19, 887 GHz, and τ

f
= 4.11 ppm/ºC, making the ceramics as candidates for LTCC technology.
Study on the effect of Mg and Ag trace elements on the properties of Al-Cu-Mn alloy
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Hong Mengli , Hong Xiaolu , Lv Jianjun , Liu Yongqiang , Chen Dahui , Peng Yinjiang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article introduces the addition of Mg, Ag trace elements, and AlTi5B refiners to the Al-Cu-Mn alloy furnace charge to regulate the size, morphology, and distribution of precipitates, as well as the distribution of particles, to form highly dispersed and thermally stable nanoparticles. A high strength and toughness Al-Cu-Mn-Mg-Ag alloy with fine microstructure and uniform grain distribution is obtained. The experimental results indicate that the addition of Mg, Ag trace elements, and AlTi5B in Al-Cu-Mn alloy can significantly refine α- Al dendrite, the grain size can be refined to 150 μ below m, and the microstructure is more uniform. When the Mg content is 0.2% and Ag content is 0.3%, the T (Al20Cu2Mn3) phase at the grain boundary is significantly increased, and the T phase is in a point-like and discontinuous distribution at the grain boundary. At this time, the comprehensive performance of the alloy is the best (Rm: 431 MPa; RP0.2: 251 MPa; A: 13.2%; hot crack ring width: 20 mm).
Analysis of the influence of damp-heat aging on the shear failure of the adhesive joint of composite materials
Authors: Yao Zhipeng , Gai Di , Xu Hai , Yu Shengjie , Yang Shiyu , Zhao Zheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive temperature and humidity environment chamber was used to accelerate the artificial aging of carbon fiber bonded joint specimens in wet and hot environments, and shear tests were conducted on non-aging and wet and hot aging specimens, respectively. At the same time, acoustic emission technology was used to monitor the damage to the specimen, and the influence of wet and heat aging on the shear properties and damage forms of the bonded joint was explored. It is found that under shearing load, the unaged bonded joint specimens first show delamination degumming damage with an energy distribution of about 1000 (mV*mS) and then fiber fracture damage with an energy distribution of more than 4000 (mV*mS). According to the load strain curve, it can be seen that the shear strength of the moisture-heat aging specimen decreases by 30% compared with that of the non-aging specimen, from 33.6 kN to 22.3 kN. According to the load energy curve, it can be seen that the rubber layer of the specimen is damaged at the inflection point of the load curve, the rubber layer of the non-aging specimen is damaged at 15 kN, and the rubber layer of the moisture-heat aging specimen is damaged at 8 kN. The test results show that the wet heat aging reduces the interlayer properties of the specimens. The structural adhesive delamination is serious, which leads to the damage of the aged specimens in advance compared with the non-aged specimens. The overall deformation of the specimens increases.
Differentiation of aging properties in different circumferential layers of the polyethylene pipeline
Authors: Lin Nan , Sun Xingze , Sun Ming , Cui Wei , Meng Tao , Wang Deguo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) pipelines have been widely used as a substitute for steel pipelines in urban natural gas transportation around the world, due to their corrosion resistance, low cost, and good construction performance. As a kind of non-metallic material, PE pipelines age while being used. Currently, the aging status of PE pipelines is not clear and a reliable method to evaluate the aging life of them is necessary to be deeply explored. Due to the different contact with oxygen while using, the aging conditions of the outer, middle, and inner layers are also various. According to the research in this work, the aged PE80 pipelines in accelerated aging experiments were divided into three layers including outer, middle, and inner layers. The aging performance of the three layers has great differences. A comprehensive method for the aging properties of PE80 pipelines should be established while evaluating PE pipelines in service.
Effects of the preparation conditions of GaAs nanowires in MBE on their optical properties
Authors: Meng Bingheng , Kang Yubing , Tang Jilong , Wei Zhipeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The study investigated the morphology, optical properties, and crystal quality of GaAs nanowires (NWs) produced through one/two temperature molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). It is shown that NWs prepared at two temperatures have larger diameters and lengths than those prepared at one temperature. To investigate the optical properties of NWs, we conducted photoluminescence (PL) measurements. The results indicate that the intensity of the luminescence from the type II quantum well increases significantly, while the defect luminescence is suppressed. Moreover, X-ray diffraction (XRD) tests demonstrate a marked enhancement in the crystal quality of samples grown at two temperatures.
Study on the properties of polypyrrole (PPy) coated 3D spacer conductive fabric
Authors: Luo Juan , Chen Si , Shi Dawei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, the 3D spacer fabric with electrical conductivity was prepared and its properties make an inquiry. The synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy) on the spacer fabric surface demonstrated by Infrared curves and SEM images. The test results of tensile properties of conductive fabric show that when the fabric is deformed by stress, its conductivity decreases, and the change of resistance shows a trend of slow increase and then rapid increase. The tribological properties of conductive fabric show that the tribological fastness of conductive fabric after alkali treatment is better than that of untreated fabric. The research on the properties of 3D conductive fabric provides theoretical foundation for its application in intelligent spinning, electromagnetic shielding, and other fields.
Electroless deposition of nickel microbumps for fine-pith flip-chip bonding
Authors: Lu Yu , Lin Chang , Wang Shuaishuai , Zhang Kaixin , Lang Taifu , Li Yang , Li Qiwei , Yang Tianxi , Huang Zhonghang , Yan Chunli , Sun Jie , Yan Qun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The reliability of micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) is closely associated with the uniformity of microbumps arrays. With continual decreases in pixel pitch in recent years, it is a challenge to guarantee the uniformity of bump arrays. To satisfy current requirements for ultra-high-density interconnections, this study proposes an electroless plating method for fabricating highly uniform nickel microbumps. This technique differs from electroplating, in which the morphology and consistency of microbumps can be easily controlled. Furthermore, it is a high-selectivity and cost-effective method of microbumps fabrication that eliminates solder wastage and avoids metal lift-off in traditional evaporation. To minimize the non-uniformity of the bumps, we aim to optimize the oxygen plasma treatment parameters and deposition intervals to eliminate the issues of skip plating, hydrogen bubble entrapment, and nodules. Under the combined effect of plasma treatment and intermittent deposition method, microbump arrays with less than 5% uniformity were successfully prepared, achieving the demands of high-density bonding. In addition, the preparation process is highly reproducible, extending the application range of this technique.
Study on the impact of strong magnetic fields on the photocatalytic performance of CaTiO3/TiO2 composite materials
Authors: Li Qiang , Lin Changxin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The doped perovskite phase compounds exhibit unique electromagnetic properties and high activity in oxidation-reduction, hydrogenation, isomerization, electrocatalysis, etc., which is also a current research hotspot in materials science. Therefore, exploring the photocatalytic performance of the composite prepared by CaTiO3 and TiO2 in a strong magnetic environment is naturally of great interest. Composite materials of Ca2+/Ti4 with varying molar ratios were prepared by using the sol-gel method, and these materials were subjected to experiments for the photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. Comparative analysis revealed that the catalytic effect was most favorable when Ca2+/Ti4+=0.3. At this ratio, the adsorption rate of the composite material showed minimal change with an increase in the dosage, while the initial concentration of the solution significantly affected the adsorption rate. The catalytic effect of the Ca2+/Ti4+=0.3 composite material prepared under a 9T magnetic field was improved compared to those prepared under 6T and no magnetic field conditions. The 9T composite material exhibited a reduction in cell size, a redshift in the absorption spectrum, and a decrease in powder particle size.
Design of a novel D-A-D type furan-based charge transfer organic photoelectric material
Authors: Ma Linyi , Jin Xuhui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This work describes the synthesis of a novel D-A-D type furan derivative using a [2+2] cycloaddition and ring-opening reaction. Compared to thiophene-based materials, furan derivatives have lower aromaticity and more quinone-like structures, resulting in better π-electron delocalization. The novel D-A-D furan molecule in this paper exhibits a reduced bandgap and enhanced absorption in the near-infrared and visible regions, as well as strong fluorescence and good solubility.