bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microbially mediated carbonate precipitation in a hypersaline lake, Big Pond (Eleuthera, Bahamas)
Authors: GLUNK CHRISTINA , DUPRAZ CHRISTOPHE , BRAISSANT OLIVIER , GALLAGHER KIMBERLEY L. , VERRECCHIA ERIC P. , VISSCHER PIETER T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMicrobial metabolism impacts the degree of carbonate saturation by changing the total alkalinity and calcium availability; this can result in the precipitation of carbonate minerals and thus the formation of microbialites. Here, the microbial metabolic activity, the characteristics and turnover of the extracellular polymeric substances and the physicochemical conditions in the water column and sediments of a hypersaline lake, Big Pond, Bahamas, were determined to identify the driving forces in microbialite formation. A conceptual model for organomineralization within the active part of the microbial mats that cover the lake sediments is presented. Geochemical modelling indicated an oversaturation with respect to carbonates (including calcite, aragonite and dolomite), but these minerals were never observed to precipitate at the mat–water interface. This failure is attributed to the capacity of the water column and upper layers of the microbial mat to bind calcium. A layer of high Mg‐calcite was present 4 to 6 mm below the surface of the mat, just beneath the horizons of maximum photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. This carbonate layer was associated with the zone of maximum sulphate reduction. It is postulated that extracellular polymeric substances and low molecular weight organic carbon produced at the surface (i.e. the cyanobacterial layer) of the mat bind calcium. Both aerobic and anaerobic heterotrophic microbes consume extracellular polymeric substances (each process accounting for approximately half of the total consumption) and low molecular weight organic carbon, liberating calcium and producing inorganic carbon. The combination of these geochemical changes can increase the carbonate saturation index, which may result in carbonate precipitation. In conclusion, the formation and degradation of extracellular polymeric substances, as well as sulphate reduction, may play a pivotal role in the formation of microbialites both in marine and hypersaline environments.
Pre‐operative dietary restriction is feasible in live‐kidney donors
Authors: van Ginhoven Tessa M. , de Bruin Ron W.F. , Timmermans Marijke , Mitchell James R. , Hoeijmakers Jan H.J. , IJzermans Jan N.M. 
Published: August 2010

van Ginhoven TM, de Bruin RWF, Timmermans M, Mitchell JR, Hoeijmakers JHJ, IJzermans JNM. Preoperative dietary restriction is feasible in live kidney donors. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 486–494. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Dietary restriction (DR), defined as reduced energy intake without malnutrition, confers protection against renal ischemia and reperfusion injury in animal models. This pilot study investigates for the first time the feasibility of pre‐operative DR in the clinical setting. Live‐kidney donors were randomized between pre‐operative DR or ad libitum intake. Seventeen participants were instructed to follow a 30% calorie‐restricted diet, followed by one day of water‐only fasting prior to surgery. Thirteen participants were allowed to eat ad libitum pre‐operatively. Ninety‐four percent of the donors adhered to the diet, 31.4% reduction in caloric intake was achieved. Post‐operative well‐being, appetite and ability to perform daily tasks were not different between both groups. There was no difference in post‐transplant graft function of kidneys obtained from DR donors or control donors as determined by serum creatinine levels during the first post‐operative month and renograms at post‐operative day one. This study shows that mild dietary restriction is feasible in the setting of live‐kidney donation. No effect was observed regarding post‐operative graft function. Additional studies are warranted to investigate the appropriate regimen of dietary restriction to protecting against ischemia and reperfusion injury, such as increasing the magnitude and/or duration of the reduction in daily caloric intake.
Functioning and disability in bipolar disorders: a systematic review of literature using the ICF as a reference
Authors: Ávila Carolina C , Cabello María , Cieza Alarcos , Vieta Eduard , Ayuso‐Mateos José Luis 
Published: August 2010

Ávila CC, Cabello M, Cieza A, Vieta E, Ayuso‐Mateos JL. Functioning and disability in bipolar disorders: a systematic review of literature using the ICF as a reference. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 473–482. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  To systematically identify and examine the frequency of use of concepts contained in outcome variables across bipolar disorder (BD) studies using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a reference.Methods:  Original studies published between 2000 and 2006 were located on the MEDLINE and PsycINFO databases and selected according to predetermined criteria. Outcome variables were extracted, and concepts contained therein were linked to the ICF.Results:  A total of 109 final studies were included. The concepts contained in these studies were linked to 145 different ICF categories. ICF category b152, emotional functions, was the most frequently represented category, appearing in 94% of the publications, followed by b126, temperament and personality functions (73%). E110, products or substances for personal consumption, and e580, health services, systems, and policies, appeared in 68% of the studies.Conclusions:  The present systematic review reflects the research focus of the literature on BD in recent years. Most of the studies performed concentrate on body functions rather than activities and participation domains. Experimental studies are mostly pharmacological, reflecting the need to study nonpharmacological interventions. Furthermore, our study shows that outcome variables used in studies with persons with BD can, to a large extent, be mapped to the ICF.
Effects of recurrence on the cognitive performance of patients with bipolar I disorder: implications for relapse prevention and treatment adherence
Authors: López‐Jaramillo Carlos , Lopera‐Vásquez Juan , Gallo Aurora , Ospina‐Duque Jorge , Bell Vaughan , Torrent Carla , Martínez‐Arán Anabel , Vieta Eduard 
Published: August 2010

López‐Jaramillo C, Lopera‐Vásquez J, Gallo A, Ospina‐Duque J, Bell V, Torrent C, Martínez‐Arán A, Vieta E. Effects of recurrence on the cognitive performance of patients with bipolar I disorder: implications for relapse prevention and treatment adherence. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 557–567. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objective:  To determine if the repeated occurrence of manic episodes in bipolar I disorder (BD‐I) patients is associated with reduced cognitive performance, which could in turn imply a worsening in the disorder’s evolution.Method:  Cognitive performance in euthymic patients was assessed using attention, memory, and executive function tests on 24 BD‐I patients who had experienced only 1 manic episode, on 27 BD‐I patients with 2 manic episodes, on 47 BD‐I patients with 3 or more manic episodes, and on 66 healthy control subjects.Results:  In BD‐I patients, number of manic episodes was positively associated with poorer performance on neurocognitive tests, an association that was not accounted for by depression, disease chronicity, onset, or medication. Significant differences in attention and executive function were found between patients and controls and in those patients who had had just 1 manic episode compared to those who had 3 or more.Conclusion:  The number of manic episodes predicted poor cognitive performance, suggesting that the recurrence of mania may have a long‐term neuropsychological impact. Prospective follow‐up studies need to be completed to explore this effect further as better treatment adherence may have a protective effect on neurocognitive function.
Amygdala astrocyte reduction in subjects with major depressive disorder but not bipolar disorder
Authors: Altshuler Lori L , Abulseoud Osama A , Foland‐Ross Lara , Bartzokis George , Chang Sean , Mintz Jim , Hellemann Gerhard , Vinters Harry V 
Published: August 2010

Altshuler LL, Abulseoud OA, Foland‐Ross L, Bartzokis G, Chang S, Mintz J, Hellemann G, Vinters HV. Amygdala astrocyte reduction in subjects with major depressive disorder but not bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 541–549. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  Several magnetic resonance imaging studies have found changes in amygdala volumes in adults with mood disorders. The cellular basis for these changes has not been explored in detail. Specifically, it is not known whether differences in the density and/or volume of neurons or glial cells contribute to tissue volume changes seen on magnetic resonance images.Methods:  Postmortem amygdala samples were obtained from the Stanley Foundation Neuropathology Consortium from subjects diagnosed with bipolar disorder (n = 10), major depressive disorder (n = 11), and schizophrenia (n = 9), and from normal controls (n = 14). Samples were first stained with glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and counter‐stained with hematoxylin to ascertain neuron and glia (astrocyte) densities.Results:  No significant differences in neuronal densities were found between groups. However, a reduction in the density of GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes was observed in the amygdala of subjects with major depressive disorder compared to the bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and normal control postmortem samples.Conclusions:  A decrease in density of GFAP immunoreactive astrocytes in the amygdala of depressed subjects is consistent with prior histologic reports and might contribute to amygdala volume reductions reported in several in vivo neuroimaging studies.
The interactive computer interview for mania
Authors: Reilly‐Harrington Noreen A , DeBonis Daniel , Leon Andrew C , Sylvia Louisa , Perlis Roy , Lewis Daniel , Sachs Gary S 
Published: August 2010

Reilly‐Harrington NA, DeBonis D, Leon AC, Sylvia L, Perlis R, Lewis D, Sachs GS. The interactive computer interview for mania. Bipolar Disord 2010: 12: 521–527. © 2010 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Objectives:  The Interactive Computer Interview for Mania (ICI‐M) is a computer‐administered interview that presents probes to assess symptom severity and utilizes a scoring algorithm to select follow‐up questions and rate subject responses in accordance with rating scale anchor points. The current study examines the acceptability, feasibility, and reliability of the ICI‐M as a potential method for evaluating the performance of human raters.Methods:  Participants with a diagnosis of bipolar I or II disorder completed both a live interview of the Young Mania Rating Scale with a human rater (LR) and the ICI‐M. A panel of three expert raters reviewed each videotaped LR and assigned a consensus rating (CR). Participants completed a modified version of the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire to assess each method.Results:  Intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.91 between the ICI‐M and CR and 0.97 between the LR and CR (n = 100), providing empirical support for the inter‐rater reliability of each approach. Coefficient alphas indicated comparable internal consistency reliability: ICI‐M = 0.82, LR = 0.83, and CR = 0.84. The ICI‐M was significantly more sensitive in detecting symptomatology than the LR (p < 0.001) and the CR (p < 0.001), and resulted in significantly higher ratings than CR on mood, speech, psychotic content, and disruptive‐aggressive behavior. While participants endorsed significantly higher overall satisfaction with LR, no significant differences emerged between ICI‐M and LR regarding willingness to participate again or ability to understand the questions.Conclusions:  The ICI‐M is a well‐accepted and reliable method for assessing manic symptoms. The ICI‐M is a tool with adequate sensitivity to elicit symptoms and rate severity and is recommended as a tool to monitor and improve rater performance, not as a replacement of a human rater.
Physiology and biophysics of plant ligand‐gated ion channels
Authors: Dietrich P. , Anschütz U. , Kugler A. , Becker D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSmall molecules and metabolites often act as intra‐ or extracellular messengers in signal transduction pathways. Ligand‐gated ion channels provide a mean to transduce those biochemical signals at the membrane into electrical events and ion fluxes. In plants, cyclic nucleotides and glutamate represent intra‐ and extracellular signalling ligands, respectively. While the former have been shown to regulate voltage‐dependent ion channels and are supposed to activate cyclic nucleotide gated (CNG) channels, the latter are perceived by ionotropic glutamate receptors (GLRs). This review summarises our current knowledge about CNG channels and glutamate receptors in plants and their proposed roles in plant development and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses.
Light‐induced modification of plant plasma membrane ion transport
Authors: Marten I. , Deeken R. , Hedrich R. , Roelfsema M. R. G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLight is not only the driving force for electron and ion transport in the thylakoid membrane, but also regulates ion transport in various other membranes of plant cells. Light‐dependent changes in ion transport at the plasma membrane and associated membrane potential changes have been studied intensively over the last century. These studies, with various species and cell types, revealed that apart from regulation by chloroplasts, plasma membrane transport can be controlled by phytochromes, phototropins or channel rhodopsins. In this review, we compare light‐dependent plasma membrane responses of unicellular algae (Eremosphaera and Chlamydomonas), with those of a multicellular alga (Chara), liverworts (Conocephalum), mosses (Physcomitrella) and several angiosperm cell types. Light‐dependent plasma membrane responses of Eremosphaera and Chara are characterised by the dominant role of K+ channels during membrane potential changes. In most other species, the Ca2+‐dependent activation of plasma membrane anion channels represents a general light‐triggered event. Cell type‐specific responses are likely to have evolved by modification of this general response or through the development of additional light‐dependent signalling pathways. Future research to elucidate these light‐activated signalling chains is likely to benefit from the recent identification of S‐type anion channel genes and proteins capable of regulating these channels.
Histological Study of the Parotid and Mandibular Glands of Barking Deer (Muntiacus muntjak) with Special Reference to the Distribution of Carbohydrate Content
Authors: Adnyane I. K. M. , Zuki A. B. , Noordin M. M. , Agungpriyono S. 
Published: August 2010

With 1 figure and 1 tableSummaryWe investigated the histology and carbohydrate content of the parotid and mandibular glands of the barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak). Three adult males were used. Paraffin wax sections of the glands were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), alcian blue (AB), pH 2.5 and periodic acid Schiff (PAS). The acinar cells of the parotid gland were serous, whereas those of the mandibular gland were of the mixed type. The acini of the mandibular gland comprised serous and mucous cells with the mucous type predominating. AB and PAS staining showed high concentrations of acidic and neutral carbohydrates in the mucous cells, but not in the serous cells of the mandibular gland. These carbohydrates were also found in moderate‐to‐high concentrations in the secreted material in the mandibular duct lumen. However, these carbohydrates were not found in acinar cells of the parotid gland or in the serous cells of the mandibular gland. Thus, carbohydrates in the saliva of the barking deer appear to be produced mainly by the mucous cells of the mandibular glands.
Branching Patterns of the Subclavian Arteries in German Shepherd Dogs
Authors: Kim I.‐S. , Yang H.‐H. , Tae H.‐J. , Na I.‐J. , Leem H.‐S. , Ahn D.‐C. 
Published: August 2010

With 2 figures and 3 tablesSummaryThis study is the first report of the branching pattern of the four major branches of the subclavian artery in German Shepherd dogs. A total 116 subclavian artery casts made of silicon under mean arterial pressure were analysed. The casts were classified according to their branching order and the pattern of the first two branches of the vertebral artery and costocervical trunk. The three subtypes of each major type were based on the branching order or level of the next two branches (the superficial cervical artery and internal thoracic artery). Eleven of 12 possible subtypes were found in the samples. The number of dogs having the same branching subtype of the left and right subclavian arteries was not greater than those having a different subtype. The distance between the first and last branches of the subclavian artery was always longer on the left side than on the right. However, gender‐based differences were identified neither in the subtype patterns nor in the distance between the branches. These results suggest a variable branching of the subclavian arteries with frequent differences of the branching pattern on the left and right sides in German Shepherds.
Identification of quantitative trait loci for partial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean
Authors: Wu X. , Zhou B. , Zhao J. , Guo N. , Zhang B. , Yang F. , Chen S. , Gai J. , Xing H. 
Published: August 2010

With 3 figures and 3 tables AbstractPartial resistance to Phytophthora sojae in soybean may provide effective protection against all isolates of the pathogen, thus reducing yield losses. Better understanding of partial resistance has, therefore, become an important goal for the improvement of soybean (Glycine max). The aim of the present study was to identify the potential quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for partial resistance to P. sojae. A population of 176 F7:11 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross of Su88‐M21 × Xinyixiaoheidou, was evaluated for Phytophthora partial resistance using slant board assays. The heritability estimate on an entry basis was 0.87. Two QTLs (qPR‐15‐1 and qPR‐10‐2) were detected in the same flanking marker region, Satt598–Satt651 on chromosome (Chr) 15 with molecular linkage group (MLG) E and Satt420–Sat_274 on Chr 10 with MLG O, respectively, by both composite interval mapping and multiple interval mapping (MIM) of Windows QTL Cartographer (version 2.5). One QTL (qPR‐6‐3) on Chr 6 with MLG C2, which was only identified under MIM, was closely linked to marker Satt520, and was positioned 0.01 cM away from Satt520. The newly identified QTLs would be beneficial for marker assistant selection aimed at improving the resistance to P. sojae and reducing disease‐related mortality in soybean.
Arrangement of check plots in augmented block designs when spatial analysis is used
Authors: Müller B. U. , Schützenmeister A. , Piepho H.‐P. 
Published: August 2010

With 5 figures and 6 tablesAbstractEarly generation plant breeding trials are often laid out in unreplicated designs with replicated checks. This study compares the systematic arrangement of check plots to an allocation, which has two or more different arrangements of check plots within blocks. Four uniformity trials were overlaid with augmented designs, which differed in block size, number and type of checks. Another aim was to compare different spatial models and a baseline model, which did not consider spatial trend. Model fit was assessed using the average empirical variance (EMP) for each arrangement. For three of the four uniformity trials the lowest EMP was found for the arrangement of check plots with different defined distributions of checks within blocks. The systematic arrangement was superior only in one uniformity trial. We propose therefore to allocate checks with different arrangements within blocks. The comparison of the spatial models showed that the linear variance model, the AR(1) model, and the spherical model, all assuming a nugget, were the most promising candidates. A further gain in precision could be detected by a two‐dimensional analysis.
Spiral flap for closure of nasal ala defects
Authors: Armenores Paul , Huilgol Shyamala C 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTDespite the existence of numerous methods to close nasal ala defects, many produce distortion of the surrounding tissues and obvious scarring. The spiral flap produces little or no distortion and well‐camouflaged scars. We demonstrate these benefits through the presentation of two successful case reports.
Genital chlamydia in southern New South Wales: An ecological analysis of testing and notification patterns 2004–2008
Authors: Reynolds Roderick , Oakman Tracey 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective:  To identify demographic patterns for chlamydia testing rates on reported general practice (GP) visits and notification rates in residents of Greater Southern Area Health Service (GSAHS) for the period 2004–2008. Design:  Descriptive analysis of presentation and chlamydia‐specific Medicare data and chlamydia notifications made to GSAHS Public Health Unit. Setting:  Rural and remote southern New South Wales. Participants:  Residents of GSAHS who had a Medicare recorded visit to a GP and chlamydia pathology collected in the period July 2004 to June 2008, and those residents notified to the GSAHS Public Health Unit with a positive chlamydia test results. Main outcome measures:  Age and gender trends for GP visits, chlamydia testing and chlamydia notifications. Results:  While chlamydia testing and notification rates increased over the review period, the percentage of chlamydia tests performed remained low. There was a greater increase in testing rates among women than men, and the highest were among women aged 15–24. Chlamydia notification rates increased across all age groups and were greater in women aged 15–24 than men of the same age group. Conclusion:  The low proportion of tests performed to presentations (in conjunction with the high proportion of notifications to tests performed) reflects that chlamydia testing among providers is still being undertaken in a targeted approach rather than from a population‐focused screening perspective. Further work with GPs is required to improve chlamydia screening rates, and ensure practice is consistent with national guidelines.
Rural student doctors top city colleagues: Representation of a rural clinical school in the rural press
Authors: Harding Catherine , Pilotto Louis 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObjective:  To describe the way in which the rural press portrays a rural clinical school and its staff and students. Design:  Textual analysis of a collection of newspapers kept by the local campuses of the University of New South Wales Rural Clinical School (UNSW RCS). The study:  The UNSW established a RCS in January 2000. This study sampled a total of 225 articles from eleven rural newspapers, a collection held by the campuses of the rural clinical schools. The major themes of the articles were identified; the descriptive terms the newspaper articles used for medical students, the UNSW RCS and rural doctors were also identified. The way in which clinical schools, their staff and students, are portrayed in the rural press has the potential to influence recruitment and retention. Conclusions:  The study showed that the rural press was strongly supportive of the rural clinical school in their local region. This was particularly true for medical students, the school itself and the potential impact on workforce. The newspapers provided information for future students, depicting work‐experience programs and current students. They were less illustrative of current medical and academic staff, with the exception of the Head of School.