bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Habitat use of age 0 Alabama shad in the Pascagoula River drainage, USA
Authors: Mickle P. F. , Schaefer J. F. , Adams S. B. , Kreiser B. R. 
Published: December 2009

Mickle PF, Schaefer JF, Adams SB, Kreiser BR. Habitat use of age 0 Alabama shad in the Pascagoula River drainage, USA. Ecology of Freshwater Fish 2010: 19: 107–115. © 2009 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract – Alabama shad (Alosa alabamae) is an anadromous species that spawns in Gulf of Mexico drainages and is a NOAA Fisheries Species of Concern. Habitat degradation and barriers to migration are considered contributing factors to range contraction that has left just the Pascagoula River drainage population in Mississippi. We studied juvenile life history and autecology in three rivers within the drainage. We collected fish, habitat and physicochemical data in three habitat types (sandbar, open channel and bank) from June to October 2004–2006. Sandbar habitat was favoured by smaller individuals early in the year. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) decreased through the summer as larger fish began occupying bank and open channel habitat. The most parsimonious model of abundance included year and river variables, while patterns of presence and absence were best explained by river, habitat type and physiochemical variables. While all three rivers in the drainage contained Alabama shad, fish were less abundant and had lower condition values in the Chickasawhay River. Earlier work suggested the Alabama shad may gradually move downstream towards the Gulf of Mexico in their first year. However, we found no evidence of this and captured large fish high in the drainage late in the year.
Remnant habitats for grassland species in an abandoned Swedish agricultural landscape
Authors: Dahlström Anna , Rydin Håkan , Borgegård Sven‐Olov 
Published: December 2009

AbstractQuestions:Which factors influence the persistence of vascular grassland plants in long‐abandoned (at least 50 yr) arable fields and meadows? What might be the implications of current levels of species richness on abandoned arable fields and meadows for future restoration?Location:Forested highlands of Kilsbergen, south central Sweden.Methods:The abundance of all vascular plant species was investigated in three habitat types: former arable fields, hay meadows and outlands (pastures) at 27 farms, abandoned for either approximately 50 yr or 90 yr. Time since abandonment, tree cover, soil depth, degree of soil podsol development, size of the infield area and two measures of connectivity were used as predictors for species richness and species composition.Results:Former outland had denser tree cover, fewer species and fewer grassland species than former arable fields and hay meadows, irrespective of time since abandonment. Former hay meadows and arable fields with a longer time since abandonment were less rich in species, more wooded and had greater podsolization than meadows and fields abandoned at a later stage. Species richness was higher in hay meadows and arable fields at farms with larger infield area and deeper soils compared with farms with smaller infield area and shallower soils. The greatest richness of species and most open habitat were former arable fields at larger farms abandoned 50 yr before the study. Former arable fields had the highest number of grassland species.Conclusion:After 50 yr of abandonment, former arable fields were the most important remnant habitats for grassland species and may be a more promising target for restoration than formerly managed grasslands.
Longstanding malformation of right sided pinna in an elderly man
Authors: Yolmo Deeke , Madana J. , Saxena Sunil K. , Gopalakrishnan S. 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTThe pinna is the second most common site for external ear vascular malformation in the head and neck. These malformations are relatively uncommon in adults and can pose difficult therapeutic challenges. We hereby present a case of a 69‐year‐old man with a congenital lesion in the right pinna consistent with an arteriovenous malformation. The lesion was complicated by ulceration and bleeding for 6 months prior to presentation. Resection of pinna was carried out, and satisfactory functional and esthetic results were obtained. There was no recurrence at 22 months of regular follow up.
The starch‐binding capacity of the noncatalytic SBD2 region and the interaction between the N‐ and C‐terminal domains are involved in the modulation of the activity of starch synthase III from Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wayllace Nahuel Z. , Valdez Hugo A. , Ugalde Rodolfo A. , Busi Maria V. , Gomez‐Casati Diego F. 
Published: December 2009

Starch synthase III from Arabidopsis thaliana contains an N‐terminal region, including three in‐tandem starch‐binding domains, followed by a C‐terminal catalytic domain. We have reported previously that starch‐binding domains may be involved in the regulation of starch synthase III function. In this work, we analyzed the existence of protein interactions between both domains using pull‐down assays, far western blotting and co‐expression of the full and truncated starch‐binding domains with the catalytic domain. Pull‐down assays and co‐purification analysis showed that the D(316–344) and D(495–535) regions in the D2 and D3 domains, respectively, but not the individual starch‐binding domains, are involved in the interaction with the catalytic domain. We also determined that the residues W366 and Y394 in the D2 domain are important in starch binding. Moreover, the co‐purified catalytic domain plus site‐directed mutants of the D123 protein lacking these aromatic residues showed that W366 was key to the apparent affinity for the polysaccharide substrate of starch synthase III, whereas either of these amino acid residues altered ADP‐glucose kinetics. In addition, the analysis of full‐length and truncated proteins showed an almost complete restoration of the apparent affinity for the substrates and Vmax of starch synthase III. The results presented here suggest that the interaction of the N‐terminal starch‐binding domains, particularly the D(316–344) and D(495–535) regions, with the catalytic domains, as well as the full integrity of the starch‐binding capacity of the D2 domain, are involved in the modulation of starch synthase III activity.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7299461: SSIII (uniprotkb:Q9SAA5) binds (MI:0407) to SSIII (uniprotkb:Q9SAA5) by far western blotting (MI:0047)
MINT‐7299411, MINT‐7299429, MINT‐7299445: SSIII (uniprotkb:Q9SAA5) binds (MI:0407) to SSIII (uniprotkb:Q9SAA5) by pull down (MI:0096)
EFFECTS OF COMMERCIAL PECTINASES APPLICATION ON SELECTED PROPERTIES OF RED PITAYA JUICE
Authors: NUR ‘ALIAA A.R. , SITI MAZLINA M.K. , TAIP F.S. 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTPitaya or dragon fruits are becoming more popular in Malaysia due to their nutritional benefits. These exotic fruits can be utilized to produce many functional products such as fruit juice. This work examined the effects of commercial enzymes, i.e., Pectinex Ultra SP‐L and Pectinex CLEAR on the chemical composition, vitamin C and total polyphenols contents of red pitaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) juice, which is the most popular variety of pitaya. We have also observed the differences of these properties in fresh fruit pulp and juice produced without enzymatic treatment. The pitaya juice produced after enzymation and pasteurization has not shown marked changes in the most of its major chemical parameters such as moisture, ash, fat, carbohydrate and calorie. However, enzymation using Pectinex CLEAR leads to the juice with higher yield of protein. The protein content after the treatment increased to 2.20% w/w from 0.23% w/w of the raw juice. Vitamin C content in treated samples had reduced slightly because of the heat treatment. However, phenolics amounts were slightly higher up to 7% in the treated samples which suggest that pitaya beverage is rich in antioxidant capacity than in the unprocessed fruit. This study demonstrated the effects of pectinases application on several properties of red pitaya juice with an attempt to obtain some interesting and valuable data for the fruit processing industries. The data obtained were helpful for the optimization of red pitaya juice production as a step toward promoting the potential of red pitaya juice as a functional beverage.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis paper aims to provide some useful data for pitaya or dragon fruit juice production. Since not much work has been done on this, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of commercial enzymatic treatment on clarification of red pitaya juice. Pectinase enzymes have been used in this study to help improve the quality of the juice physically and at the same time preserve some of the important properties of the juice such as vitamin C and total polyphenols contents. The process developed is considered suitable and very helpful for the processing of pitaya or dragon fruit processing.
DETERMINATION OF POISSON'S RATIO AND YOUNG'S MODULUS OF RED BEAN GRAINS
Authors: KIANI DEH KIANI MOSTAFA , MAGHSOUDI HOSSEIN , MINAEI SAEID 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTIn this study, the Poisson's ratio and Young's modulus of red bean grains were determined as a function of moisture content (5, 7.5, 10, 12.5 and 15% w.b.) and loading rate (3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 mm/min) for Goli and Akhtar varieties. Quasi‐static compression loading was carried out, and both unit lateral extension and unit normal compression values were determined. Average Poisson's ratio values from 0.322 to 0.267 and from 0.406 to 0.340 were obtained for moisture levels ranging from 5 to 15%, for Goli and Akhtar varieties, respectively. Poisson's ratio increased from 0.257 to 0.332 and from 0.346 to 0.405 at loading rates of 3 to 15 mm/min, for Goli and Akhtar varieties, respectively. Young's modulus of elasticity decreased as moisture content increased and increased with increasing loading rate for both varieties. These finding will be useful in predicting the load deformation behavior of red bean grains.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSOwing to the fact that there is not enough information about Poisson's ratio of grains, in this study, the goal function is to determine the Poisson's ratio of red bean ((Phaseolus vulgaris L.) grain during applied compression load under various conditions. In order to obtain Young's modulus and some other mechanical properties, Poisson's ratio of red bean grain needs to be known. These results may be used by manufacturers in order to design harvesting machines or other mechanical devices such as sorting and separating machines.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF THE JOSAPINE VARIETY OF PINEAPPLE FRUIT (ANANAS COMOSUS L.) IN DIFFERENT STORAGE SYSTEMS
Authors: SHAMSUDIN ROSNAH , DAUD WAN RAMLI WAN , TAKRIFF MOHD SOBRI , HASSAN OSMAN 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTThe effect of the storage system on the chemical composition and thermal properties of pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus L.) of cv. Josapine was investigated. The fruits were stored in a refrigerator, 10 ± 1C, 35% H2O, and a humidity chamber, 10 ± 1C, 75% H2O. The properties of the fruit juice were examined every 4 days for changes in proximate analysis, total soluble solids, color, freezing point, water activity, pH, sugar contents, thermal conductivity and density. The statistical analysis indicates that total soluble solids is indicative of the ripening of the pineapple fruit.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThe paper describes the database of selected chemical compositions and thermal properties of Josapine variety of pineapple fruit (Ananas comosus L.). Knowledge of these properties should constitute important and essential engineering data in the processing of pineapple, analysis of the behavior of the product in handling of the material, design of machines, control system, and in evaluating and retaining the quality of the final product. These basic information should be important to engineers, food scientist and processors, plant and animal breeders, and other scientists who may exploit these properties and find new uses. This study also investigates the compositional changes during pineapple fruit ripening and to provide information regarding these biochemical changes, to assist in development for controlling pineapple fruit ripening and loss of flesh firmness during storage.
MODELING PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS BIOFILM FORMATION ON MARBLE, GRANITE AND STAINLESS STEEL AS A FUNCTION OF TIME AND TEMPERATURE
Authors: ROSADO MARCÍLIA SANTOS , DE ANDRADE NELIO JOSE , LUERA PENA WILMER EDGARD , CARELI ROBERTA TORRES , PIAZZA JOELMA LOPES , MINIM LUIS ANTONIO 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTThe adherence and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas fluorescens on marble, granite and stainless steel as a function of time (0–10 days) and temperature (4.5–36.8C) were evaluated using response surface methodology. The derived models show that the adherence of P. fluorescens to marble and stainless steel is affected (in decreasing order of importance) by time, time2 and temperature and to granite by time2, time and temperature. Analysis of variance of the response variables showed that the models are significant and that they adequately represent the true relationships. The models were verified by experiments conducted under random combinations of temperature and time, and all the experiments verified that the proposed models are valid, suggesting that there is no tendency in the values predicted by the models. The number of cells adhered to stainless steel was lower than those adhered to marble or granite. All surfaces were able to support the adhesion of P. fluorescens and showed a well‐established biofilm.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSThis study applied predictive microbiology to the task of preventing foodborne disease outbreaks in the food industry. Our results should contribute to food quality control, quality management, risk assessment, risk management hazard analysis by critical control point and good manufacturingpractices by suggesting how to control food contamination by processing contact surfaces. By using mathematical models to quantify the number of cells adhering to stainless steel, used to make the equipments, and granite and marble used to make benches and tables in the domestic kitchen, our work shows the importance of the surfaces materials and of the time and temperature of bacterial growth. The results show that the conditions of time and temperature usually found in a dairy plant can permit rapid bacterial adherence, emphasizing the importance of good cleaning and sanitization procedures to prevent bacterial adherence and biofilm formation.
ELIMINATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES ON COOKED CHICKEN BREAST MEAT SURFACES BY NEAR‐INFRARED SURFACE PASTEURIZATION PRIOR TO FINAL PACKAGING
Authors: HUANG L. , SITES J. 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to develop a process to eliminate Listeria monocytogenes on ready‐to‐eat chicken meats by near‐infrared (NIR) surface pasteurization immediately prior to final packaging. Cooked chicken breast meats, surface‐inoculated with a cocktail of L. monocytogenes, were subjected to NIR treatment. The surface temperature of the inoculated samples was increased to and then maintained at a temperature set point (62, 68 or 75C) for up to 8 min, depending on the temperature. On average, the overall rates of bacterial inactivation were 0.35, 0.89 and 1.6 log cycles/min for the samples treated at 62, 68 or 75C, respectively. In contrast, the bacterial inactivation rates were only 0.21, 0.53, 0.63 or 0.95 log‐cycles/min for samples submerged under hot water maintained at 62, 68, 75 or 85C, respectively. NIR surface pasteurization process was convincingly more effective than the hot water immersion process to eliminate L. monocytogenes.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSFar‐infrared (FIR) surface pasteurization, alone or in combination with hot water immersion (HWI) heating, has been used in the food industry to decontaminate ready‐to‐eat (RTE) meat surfaces immediately prior to final packaging. Near‐infrared surface pasteurization provides another potentially faster alternative to FIR and HWI to eliminate L. monocytogenes on RTE meats.
DRUMSTICK (MORINGA OLEIFERA L.) LEAVES: A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF NATURAL LIPID ANTIOXIDANTS
Authors: ARABSHAHI‐DELOUEE SAEEDEH , AALAMI MEHRAN , UROOJ ASNA 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT Antioxidant activity of methanolic extract of drumstick leaves (200, 500 and 1,000 ppm) in soybean oil was assessed by an accelerated oxidation test (70C, 10 days) and a heating test (180C, 1 h). The extract significantly (P ≤ 0.05) suppressed the formation of peroxides and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS) during accelerated oxidation, even at a level of 200 ppm. On heating test, conjugated dienes, conjugated trienes and TBARS values of the oil treated with the extract were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower than those of the control sample (oil without any antioxidant/extract). The antioxidant activity of the extract at 500 and 1,000 ppm was greater (P ≤ 0.05) than that of synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole on both accelerated oxidation and heating tests. Results of this study revealed high thermal stability of antioxidant components of drumstick extract and the antioxidant potential of the extract in inhibiting lipid peroxidation of soybean oil. Thus, the extract of drumstick leaves is recommended as an alternative source of natural antioxidants.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSToxicological effects of synthetic antioxidants and consumer preference for natural products have resulted in increased interest in the application of natural antioxidants with special focus on those available in edible plants. In this study, methanolic extract of drumstick leaves showed an excellent antioxidant activity in soybean oil on accelerated oxidation and heating tests. Its antioxidant activity was comparable or even greater with that of a synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole. Then, drumstick leaves extract can be regarded as a “natural” source of antioxidants, having potential application in edible oils and lipid‐containing food products to retard or inhibit their lipid oxidation. In addition, consumption of such products can impart health benefits to the consumer.
Biological Observations on the Mudskipper Pseudapocryptes elongatus in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Bucholtz R. H. , Meilvang A. S. , Cedhagen T. , Christensen J.T. , Macintosh D. J. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract Aspects of the population biology of the mudskipper, Pseudapocryptes elongatus, (Cuvier, 1816) were studied in Bac Lieu Province in the Lower Mekong Delta, Vietnam, including sex ratio, length–frequency distribution, sexual dimorphism, hepatosomatic index (HSI), female gonadosomatic index (GSI), gonad histology, fecundity and some observations on post‐larvae and juveniles. In the population studied the sex ratio was skewed toward males. Females had a shorter mean length and a lower mean growth rate than males. No mature males or females were observed among mudskippers sampled in estuarine canals from February to May 2004 during the dry season. It is suggested that P. elongatus migrates to the sea to spawn later in the year after onset of the wet season. Salinity tolerance was evaluated in a 96‐h experiment. This showed that P. elongatus is remarkably euryhaline and able to survive in salinities ranging from freshwater to 50 ppt. Gut content analysis revealed that P. elongatus is a herbivore, feeding mainly on pennate diatoms (93% of the diet).
Evaluation of Reduced Fish Meal Diets for Second Year Growout of the Largemouth Bass, Micropterus salmoides
Authors: Cochran Nathan J. , Coyle Shawn D. , Tidwell James H. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract Development of efficient cost‐effective diets is a critical component in the refinement of production technologies for the largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides (LMB). One of the first steps in reducing feed costs can be to decrease the amount of fish meal in the diet. The objective of this study was to evaluate reduced levels of fish meal, and a least‐cost formulation diet, for second year growout of LMB under practical pond conditions. Twelve 0.04‐ha ponds were stocked with juvenile LMB (210.1±3.3 g) at a stocking density of 8650 fish/ha (350 fish/pond). Each pond was randomly assigned one of the four dietary treatments with three replicate ponds per treatment. The three experimental diets contained varying levels of fish meal. Diets FM‐45, FM‐24, and FM‐8 contained 45, 23.5, and 8% fish meal, respectively. In diets FM‐24 and FM‐8, fish meal was replaced by varying levels of poultry by‐product meal, soybean meal, and blood meal. The fourth diet was a commercial salmonid diet widely used as a LMB growout feed (Nelson and Sons, Inc., SilvercupTM, Steelhead, Murray, UT, USA). This diet served as a commercial control (CC) and contained 46% crude protein. The experimental diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isocaloric with the CC diet and were fed once daily to apparent satiation for 180 d. At harvest, there were no significant differences between treatments (P > 0.05) in terms of survival, which averaged 95% overall. Mean weights of fish fed the three experimental diets FM‐45, FM‐24 and FM‐8 were not significantly different (P > 0.05) and averaged 518, 546, and 529 g, respectively, but were all significantly greater (P≤ 0.05) than those fed the CC (488 g). Feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fish fed the FM‐45 and FM‐8 diets (1.43 and 1.46, respectively) was significantly greater (P≤ 0.05) than those fed the FM‐24 diet (1.34). The FCR of fish fed the CC diet (1.39) was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from fish fed other diets. Feed cost per unit of weight gain ($US/kg) was significantly lower (P≤ 0.05) in fish fed the FM‐24 and FM‐8 diets ($0.73 and $0.72/kg, respectively) than in fish fed other diets. Feed cost per unit gain of fish fed the FM‐45 diet ($0.83/kg) was significantly lower (P≤ 0.05) than those fed the CC diet ($1.04/kg). There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in dress‐out percentages or proximate composition among fish fed the four diets. This study indicates that fish meal levels in feeds used for the second year growout of LMB can be reduced to≥8% of the formulation without reducing survival or growth and without negatively impacting body composition.
Effect of Dietary Prebiotic Inulin on Growth Performance, Intestinal Microflora, Body Composition and Hematological Parameters of Juvenile Beluga, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Reza Akrami , Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo , Abbas Matinfar , Abdolmohammad Abedian Kinari 
Published: December 2009

Abstract Use of prebiotics, nondigestible dietary ingredients that beneficially affect the host by selectively stimulating the growth of and/or activating the metabolism of health‐promoting bacteria in the intestinal tract, is a novel concept in aquaculture. An 8‐week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary prebiotic inulin on growth performance, intestinal microflora, body composition and hematological parameters of juvenile beluga, Huso huso. Three replicate groups of fish (initially averaging weight as group 16.14 ± 0.38 g) were fed diets containing prebiotic inulin levels ranging from 1 to 3%. The basal diet contained 3% cellulose. Fish were fed to apparent satiation and growth performance was monitored. The results of linear regression showed that there was a negative relationship between some performance indices including weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), energy retention (ER), feed efficiency (FE), protein retention (PR), and supplementation level of inulin, which indicated that inulin is not appropriate for supplementation in the diet of beluga. At the end of trial, in both basal and inulin groups, the total count of intestinal bacteria decreased within the second 4 weeks, but the intestinal lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased in the 1% inulin group. These changes were not, however, reflected in the survival rate of the fish, although survival was higher compared to other groups.