bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of exhalation time methods (6 sec vs. 10 sec) of a hand‐held exhaled nitric oxide analyzer
Authors: Ito Yasunori , Adachi Yuichi , Itazawa Toshiko , Okabe Yoshie , Adachi Yoko S. , Katsumuma Toshio , Miyawaki Toshio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractStandard exhalation time for measuring fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is 10 sec, but this is not easy for younger children. We aimed to investigate the agreement between FeNO values during 10‐sec (FeNO‐10) and 6‐sec (FeNO‐6) exhalation and the feasibility of measuring FeNO‐6, using a hand‐held analyzer, NIOX‐MINO®. FeNO values measured during 10‐ and 6‐sec (random order) were compared. Success rates of the two different time modes were also evaluated. In 119 asthmatic children (median age 8 years [range 4–15]) who had been already accustomed to NIOX‐MINO®, median FeNO‐10 (29 ppb [IQR 15.2–42.0]) and FeNO‐6 (27 ppb [IQR 16.0–43.5]) did not differ significantly (P = 0.90), and there was a good correlation between both values (r = 0.984, P < 0.001). Mean difference (FeNO‐10–FeNO‐6) was −0.151 ppb (95% CI: −0.95 to 0.65, limits of agreement: −8.8 to 8.5). In 46 asthmatic children (median age 7 years [range 4–15]) who had never used any FeNO analyzers, all the children aged 8 years and more (n = 21) succeeded in measuring FeNO on both time modes, whereas for children aged younger than 8 years (n = 25) success rates of the 10‐ and 6‐sec mode were 60.0% and 92.0%, respectively. In conclusion, we showed good agreement between FeNO‐10 and FeNO‐6, and the 6‐sec mode of NIOX‐MINO® is more feasible than 10‐sec mode for measuring FeNO in younger children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:1005–1008. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optical limiting response of Ag2S nanoparticles synthesized by laser ablation of silver target in DMSO
Authors: Aleali H. , Sarkhosh L. , Karimzadeh R. , Mansour N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSilver sulfide nanoparticles (Ag2S NPs) were synthesized by nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of a silver plate in dimethyl sulfoxide. Ultraviolet–visible absorption spectrometry, X‐ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the obtained nanocrystal samples. The mechanisms for optical limiting performance of an Ag2S NP colloid were investigated under exposure to nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation at 532 nm. The observed aperture dependence of the Ag2S NP limiting performance indicates that the nonlinear scattering plays an important role in the limiting action of the sample. The Ag2S NPs may enhance the absorption of laser light by the two‐photon absorption process and induce a very high rise in the temperature of the sample, which leads to the formation of scattering centers.
Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 7/7‐8
Authors: Park Seong‐Ju 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe 8th International Conference on Nitride Semiconductors (ICNS‐8), a biennial event, was held in Jeju, Korea from 18 to 23 October 2009. ICNS‐8 was the eighth conference in a very successful series, following the previous conferences in Las Vegas (2007), Bremen (2005), Nara (2003), Denver (2001), Montpellier (1999), Tokushima (1997), and Nagoya (1995).Even when global economic recession and new influenza accidentally happened, we received a larger number of abstracts and pre‐registration than we expected. A new record number of 1,014 participants from 33 countries around the world attended and more than 750 presentations on a variety of aspects of nitride semiconductors were given at ICNS‐8. The conference reflected the exuberant and vital activities aimed at the theme of “Low carbon, green growth” to open a new arena for nitride semiconductors and related fields.It is our great honor to publish the proceedings of ICNS‐8 in physica status solidi. 249 manuscripts were submitted for publication. All the papers were reviewed in the same way as normal papers submitted to physica status solidi and 220 papers were accepted for publication. Some of accepted papers were selected to be published in special sections of physica status solidi (a) (41 papers) and physica status solidi (b) (17 papers).I would like to express my sincere thanks to each member of the International Advisory Committee and the Organizing Committee who provided continuous support for us to organize this conference. I also appreciate our Program Committee members. Despite of their busy and tight schedule, they spent precious time to read abstracts and did hard work at the Technical Program Committee Meeting held at Jeju in last July. Owing to their spectacular job, we had an excellent program with highly qualified papers. I also thank the Publication Committee for the ICNS‐8 proceedings. Without their effort, we could not get this invaluable result. We would also like to thank all the sponsors and agencies for their financial support for us to successfully organize the largest ICNS‐8.Finally, I would like to thank all the authors and participants for their valuable contributions to make ICNS‐8 a most exciting and informative conference. We look forward to meeting all of you again at ICNS‐9 in Glasgow in July 2011 (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Formation of InGaN quantum dots in regularly arranged GaN nanocolumns grown by rf‐plasma‐assisted molecular‐beam epitaxy
Authors: Sekiguchi Hiroto , Kishino Katsumi , Kikuchi Akihiko 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInGaN quantum dots (QDs) were successfully integrated at the apex of each pyramid‐topped GaN nanocolumn. Various nanocolumn arrays with different nanocolumn diameters arranged in a triangular lattice were prepared on GaN templates by Ti‐mask selective‐area growth (SAG) with rf‐plasma‐assisted molecular‐beam epitaxy (rf‐MBE). The photoluminescence (PL) emission wavelength from the InGaN QDs shifted from 477 to 516 nm with increasing nanocolumn diameter from 206 to 326 nm. From the Arrhenius plot of PL integrated intensity, the PL internal quantum efficiency (IQE) was evaluated to be 48.4% for the 516‐nm‐wavelength sample. Threading dislocations at the bottom region of the nanocolumns were bent toward the sidewall and did not propagate to the upper active layer, which contributed to the higher PL efficiency. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
An observing‐system experiment with ground‐based GPS zenith total delay data using HIRLAM 3D‐Var in the absence of satellite data
Authors: Eresmaa Reima , Salonen Kirsti , Järvinen Heikki 
Published: July 2010

AbstractGround‐based receiver networks of the Global Positioning System (GPS) provide observations of atmospheric water vapour with a high temporal and horizontal resolution. Variational data assimilation allows researchers to make use of zenith total delay (ZTD) observations, which comprise the atmospheric effects on microwave signal propagation. An observing‐system experiment (OSE) is performed to demonstrate the impact of GPS ZTD observations on the output of the High Resolution Limited Area Model (HIRLAM). The GPS ZTD observations for the OSE are provided by the EUMETNET GPS Water Vapour Programme, and they are assimilated using three‐dimensional variational data assimilation (3D‐Var).The OSE covers a five‐week period during the late summer of 2008. In parallel with GPS ZTD data assimilation in the regular mode, the impact of a static bias‐correction algorithm for the GPS ZTD data is also assessed.Assimilation of GPS ZTD data, without bias correction of any kind, results in a systematic increase in the forecast water‐vapour content, temperature and tropospheric relative topography. A slightly positive impact is shown in terms of decreased forecast‐error standard deviation of lower and middle tropospheric humidity and lower tropospheric geopotential height. Moreover, verification of categorical forecasts of 12 h accumulated precipitation shows a positive impact. The application of the static bias‐correction scheme is positively verified in the case of the mean forecast error of lower tropospheric humidity and when relatively high precipitation accumulations are considered. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Enhancement of composite‐metal interfacial adhesion strength by dendrimer
Authors: Mei Lei , He Xiaodong , Li Yibin , Peng Qingyu , Wang Rongguo , Xu Jian 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe interface between carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites and metal plays a critical role in determining the strength of epoxy/metal laminated composites. We propose to introduce one dendrimer layer into the epoxy/metal interface, aiming to enhance the interfacial adhesion strength so that the interface could more effectively transfer the load from epoxy to metal. In this paper, the preparation and adsorption of dendrimer layer onto the alumina surface were systematically investigated. The results show that a highly stable and nanopatterned dendrimers layer was dip‐coated onto alumina substrates by adsorbing poly (amidoamine) dendrimers. It was confirmed that the dendrimers were adsorbed onto the alumina via acid‐base chemical interactions. The adsorption depends on the reaction time. The adhesion property between dendrimers and alumina was examined by sonication method. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A two‐stage receiver with soft interference cancellation for space–time block code and spatial multiplexing combined systems
Authors: Tu Yung‐Ping , Fang Wen‐Hsien , Chen Yie‐Tarng 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper presents a new space–time two‐stage receiver with the assistance of soft information for the Alamouti space–time block code (STBC) and spatially multiplexing (SM) combined multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems, which possess both the advantages of high diversity gain and high data rates to entail the next generation wireless communication systems. The first stage of the receiver, utilizing the inherent structure of the STBC, consists of a bank of soft generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC)‐based detectors, each for every STBC block, and intends to yield a more precise initial estimate of the transmitted symbols. In the second stage, the groupwise detection is conducted successively by using the matched filters (MFs) to simultaneously detect the two consecutive symbols in one STBC block with the removal of the soft interferences in between. Since the interferences have been faithfully reproduced and thoroughly annihilated, the new receiver can yield accurate symbol detection even with simple MFs. Moreover, some extreme cases regarding the soft information employed in the new receiver and its extension to the multiuser (MU) MIMO downlink are addressed as well. Conducted simulations show that the developed receiver, with modest computational load, can provide superior performance compared with pervious works, especially in the MU MIMO downlink. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Record linkage
Authors: Herzog Thomas H. , Scheuren Fritz , Winkler William E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article describes methods for matching duplicates within or across files using non‐unique identifiers such as first name, last name, date of birth, address, and other characteristics. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Data Reduction, Smoothing, and Filtering
Youth mentoring with a balanced focus, shared purpose, and collaborative interactions
Authors: Karcher Michael J. , Nakkula Michael J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis opening article defines the ways in which three mentoring interaction elements—focus, purpose, and authorship—distinguish between effective and ineffective mentoring relationship styles. The framework described can help mentors better understand the difference between prescriptive and instrumental styles and differentiate laissez‐faire from developmental mentoring. It also reveals unique ways for program staff to develop training materials and for researchers to better study mentoring activities. The authors suggest that being able to articulate the importance of focus, purpose, and authorship is critical for shaping program practices, designing relevant research, and guiding program evaluations.
“I dunno, what do you wanna do?”: Testing a framework to guide mentor training and activity selection
Authors: Karcher Michael J. , Herrera Carla , Hansen Keoki 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWhether relational or goal‐directed interactions are most useful in youth mentoring has been frequently debated, but until recently, little work had been done to understand how such interactions manifest to create viable relationship styles. The authors' findings in the first study they explore in this article support Karcher and Nakkula's assertion that relational and goal‐directed interactions are distinct. The authors found that both made significant contributions to relationship quality, but for children and preadolescents, relational interactions appeared to be more strongly associated with the quality of the mentoring relationship than did goal‐oriented interactions. Karcher and Nakkula further suggest that it is when the focus of interactions (relational and goal‐directed) emerges through collaborative dialogue that the strongest relationship styles emerge. In their second study, the authors found that cross‐age peer mentoring (school‐based) matches that selected their activities collaboratively had higher‐quality mentoring relationships (mentor and youth reported) than those matches whose activities were typically selected unilaterally by either the program or the mentee alone.
Structuring mentoring relationships for competence, character, and purpose
Authors: Rhodes Jean E. , Spencer Renée 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe close this volume with a final commentary from two leaders in the mentoring field. Rhodes and Spencer articulate how the contributions to this volume offer a richer, more complex rendering of relational styles and processes than has been laid out previously in the mentoring literature. They suggest that these efforts should provoke discussion and debate on how relationship styles and mentor‐youth interactions influence youth outcomes, particularly as this work continues to draw on knowledge from related fields. The authors conclude with the hope that the work presented here will inform mentoring practices in ways that help youth successfully meet the demands of and flourish in an increasingly complex world.
Husbandry of a pink fairy armadillo (Chlamyphorus truncatus): case study of a cryptic and little known species in captivity
Authors: Superina Mariella 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPink fairy armadillos, Chlamyphorus truncatus, are poorly known fossorial mammals that are endemic to central Argentina. These smallest of all extant armadillos are rarely observed in the field and extremely difficult to maintain under captive conditions. This case study describes the husbandry of a male pink fairy armadillo that was maintained in an artificial environment for 8 months. A stable, undisturbed environment consisting of abundant compact sand and hiding places on the surface was the key to its successful maintenance. The artificial diet consisted of a semiliquid mixture of ground cat food, insectivore diet, mashed banana, vitamins, and minerals. Any slight modification to its environment or diet triggered a stress response. Zoo Biol 30:225–231, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Postprandial changes of amino acid and acylcarnitine concentrations in dried blood samples
Authors: Fingerhut Ralph , De Jesus Silva Arevalo Gabriel , Baumgartner Matthias R. , Häberle Johannes , Rohrbach Marianne , Figueroa Andrés Weinfeld Ávalos , Fresse Elena María Dardón , Polanco Olga Leticia , Torresani Toni 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBlood sampling for newborn screening cannot be standardized as for example blood collection in adults after an overnight fast. Therefore the influence of postprandial changes and individual variation is valuable information for the assessment of sensitivity and specificity of newborn screening for certain disorders. We have analyzed 92 pairs of dried blood samples taken pre‐ and one hour postprandially, respectively. We have determined the mean increase in metabolite concentration and calculated its significance. Individual variation after an overnight fast in healthy adults (n = 3) was between 12 and 32% (SD). Postprandial increases of acylcarnitines were mostly not significant and not exceeding 10%. Postprandial increase of amino acids was highly significant for most proteinogenic amino acids, but not for all. With the collected data we were able to estimate that mainly decreased levels of methionine and, to a lesser extent, of free carnitine could be “masked” by postprandial increases of the respective metabolites, and could therefore lead to false negative results for the detection of disorders of cobalamin metabolism and carnitine transporter deficiency.
Pattern of Peroxide Value Changes in Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Due to Photo‐Oxidation Sensitized by Chlorophyll
Authors: Rukmini Ambar , Raharjo Sri 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe effect of chlorophyll in photo‐oxidation of virgin coconut oil (VCO) during production and storage was studied. Photo‐oxidation during VCO production was performed under accelerated conditions using fluorescent lights (4,000 lux) for 8 h. Peroxide values (PVs) and chlorophyll contents of the samples were measured at 1 h intervals. To compare the photo‐oxidation during storage, VCO samples were separately stored under ambient and normal room light intensity (380–400 lux) for up to 4 months and PVs were measured weekly. The results indicated that relatively low light intensity during the settling stage of VCO production had no significant effect on photo‐oxidation. Photo‐oxidation of VCO, however, was observed during storage when exposed to high intensity fluorescent light. The degradation of chlorophyll content in VCO was evident during exposure to a high fluorescent light intensity which was accompanied by high lipid peroxide accumulation. A significant negative correlation between PV and chlorophyll content was found in VCO without light protection. The storage of VCO significantly increased the PV after 10 weeks. This study confirmed that chlorophyll which is naturally present in VCO even at a very low level (less than 0.1 ppm) could initiate a photo‐oxidation reaction leading to quality deterioration during prolonged storage or display at retailers.
Population pharmacokinetic—pharmacodynamic modeling of ketamine‐induced pain relief of chronic pain
Authors: Dahanl Albert , Olofsenl Erik , Sigtermans Marnix , Noppers Ingeborg , Niesters Marieke , Aarts Leon , Bauer Martin , Sarton Elise 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAims: Pharmacological treatment of chronic (neuropathic) pain is often disappointing. In order to enhance our insight in the complex interaction between analgesic drug and chronic pain relief, we performed a pharmacokinetic—pharmacodynamic (PK—PD) modeling study on the effect of S(+)‐ketamine on pain scores in Complex Regional Pain Syndrome type 1 (CRPS‐1) patients.Methods: Sixty CRPS‐1 patients were randomly allocated to received a 100‐h infusion of S(+)‐ketamine or placebo. The drug infusion rate was slowly increased from 5 mg/h (per 70 kg) to 20 mg/h based upon the effect/side effect profile. Pain scores and drug blood samples were obtained during the treatment phase and pain scores were further obtained weekly for another 11 weeks. A population PK—PD model was developed to analyze the S(+)‐ketamine‐pain data.Results: Plasma concentrations of S(+)‐ketamine and its metabolite decreased rapidly upon the termination of S(+)‐ketamine infusion. The chance for an analgesic effect from ketamine and placebo treatment was 67±10% and 23±9% (population value±SE), respectively. The pain data were well described by the PK—PD model with parameters C50=10.5±4.8 ng/ml (95% ci 4.37–21.2 ng/ml) and t½ for onset/offset=10.9±4.0 days (5.3–20.5 days).Discussion: Long‐term S(+)‐ketamine treatment is effective in causing pain relief in CRPS‐1 patients with analgesia outlasting the treatment period by 50 days. These data suggest that ketamine initiated a cascade of events, including desensitization of excitatory receptor systems in the central nervous system, which persisted but slowly abated when ketamine molecules were no longer present.
Endolymphatic pseudohydrops of the cochlear apex
Authors: Makarem Andres , Fayad Jose N. , Linthicum Fred H. 
Published: July 2010

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate that what appears to be endolymphatic hydrops of the apical scala media is normal anatomy.STUDY DESIGNComputer‐generated three‐dimensional reconstruction of the cochlear apex and tabulation of the number of cases with arched Reissner's membranes (pseudohydrops) versus flat membranes.SETTINGTemporal bone laboratory consisting of 809 documented pairs of temporal bones.SUBJECTS AND METHODSArchival temporal bone sections from 107 bones (65 patients) were used to determine the percentage of arched (pseudohydrops) versus flat Reissner's membranes. Two bones, one of each membrane shape, were randomly selected for computer‐generated three‐dimensional reconstructions showing the cochlear apical anatomy.RESULTSAn arched Reissner's membrane was found in 48.6 percent of bones. In the cochlear apex, Reissner's membrane appears to be distended, simulating hydrops, due to its transition from a conical structure to a triangle bounded by the basilar membrane with the organ of Corti, the stria vascularis, and Reissner's membrane. Membrane findings were similar in both ears in 73.8 percent of the bilateral cases studied. There were no significant relationships between membrane type and clinical characteristics.CONCLUSIONWhat appears to be endolymphatic hydrops of the cochlear apex is the transition area of the cochlear duct from a conical shape at the extreme apex to the triangular shape found in the rest of the cochlea. The appearance of distension is dependent upon the cochlear length and the level of the microscopic section.© 2010 American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved.
Measuring disease‐specific health‐related quality of life to evaluate treatment outcomes in tinnitus patients: A systematic review
Authors: Kamalski Digna M. , Hoekstra Carlijn E. , Zanten Bert G. van , Grolman Wilko , Rovers Maroeska M. 
Published: July 2010

OBJECTIVETo identify all disease‐specific health‐related quality‐of‐life (HR‐QoL) instruments used to assess tinnitus in clinical trials and detail their psychometric properties.DATA SOURCESA literature search was performed in the bibliographical databases of PubMed and Embase to identify all articles using specific HR‐QoL instruments in tinnitus trials.REVIEW METHODSThe HR‐QoL instruments used in these articles were investigated in more detail, focusing on characteristics and psychometric values by two independent reviewers.RESULTSSeventeen studies were identified by the systematic search. The most used HR‐QoL questionnaire was the Tinnitus Questionnaire, followed by the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire, and the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire. Internal consistency (Cronbach's α > 0.9) and reproducibility (> 0.8) were high for all questionnaires, and there was heterogeneity in responses between patients, endorsing the use of these questionnaires for discriminative purposes. However, the responsiveness, i.e., the usefulness of these questionnaires in evaluating treatment effects, is not known yet.CONCLUSIONThe HR‐QoL instruments used in tinnitus trials appear not to be validated to measure effectiveness of interventions. Using tests or instruments that are valid and reliable is a crucial component of research quality, and both should therefore be studied before final conclusions can be drawn from the questionnaires in upcoming clinical trials.© 2010 American Academy of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved.