bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antimicrobial and Pharmacological Properties of New Thiosemicarbazide (VI) and 1,2,4‐Triazole Derivatives (VII).
Authors: Popiolek Lukasz , Dobosz Maria , Chodkowska Anna , Jagiello‐Wojtowicz Ewa , Kosikowska Urszula , Malm Anna , Mazur Liliana , Rzaczynska Zofia 
Published: July 2011

AbstractSome thiosemicarbazides, i.e.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 5‐Aminomethyl‐Substituted 2‐Bromo‐5,6‐dihydrothiazolo[3,2‐b]‐1,2,4‐triazoles.
Authors: Klen E. E. , Khaliullin F. A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe opening of the thiirane ring proceeds consistently with Krasusky rule.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel 2‐(2‐Methylsulfonyl‐1‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl)‐5‐ (alkylsulfonyl)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazoles.
Authors: Javidnia Azita , Akbarzadeh Tahmineh , Firoozpour Loghman , Khoobi Mehdi , Shafiee Abbas , Foroumadi Alireza 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThiadiazole derivatives (VI) and (VII) are prepared as potential antimicrobial agents.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzochromeno‐pyrazole Derivatives.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Saeedi Mina , Beheshtiha Yahya S. , Oskooie Hossein A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reaction of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with naphthols and 3‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐5(4H)‐one requires the presence of sulfamic acid as a catalyst and affords the target compounds in high yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Organic Contact Ion Pairs in Metal‐Free Catalytic Asymmetric Allylic Substitutions.
Authors: Rueping Magnus , Uria Uxue , Lin Ming‐Yuan , Atodiresei Iuliana 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn unprecedented asymmetric Broensted acid‐catalyzed intramolecular alkylation leading to benzopyran derivatives is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Candida antarctica Lipase B‐Catalyzed the Unprecedented Three‐Component Hantzsch‐Type Reaction of Aldehyde with Acetamide and 1,3‐Dicarbonyl Compounds in Non‐Aqueous Solvent.
Authors: Wang Jun‐Liang , Liu Bo‐Kai , Yin Cui , Wu Qi , Lin Xian‐Fu 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHantzsch‐type reaction of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds with aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes proceeds smoothly in the presence of Candida antarctica lipase‐B using acetamide as a nitrogen source.
ChemInform Abstract: The Use of Magnesium Nitride for the Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure 1,4‐Dihydropyridines via the Hantzsch Reaction.
Authors: Long Sha , Panunzio Mauro , Petroli Alessandra , Qin Wenling , Xia Zhining 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMagnesium nitride is used as ammonia source for the Hantzsch synthesis of 1,4‐dihydropyridines such as (III) having chiral alcohols in the ester functionality.
ChemInform Abstract: Radical Cation Salts Induced Domino Reaction of Anilines with Enol Ethers: Synthesis of 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives.
Authors: Jia Xiao Dong , Ren Yan , Huo Cong Dde , Wang Wen Juan , Chen Xiang Ning , Fu Qiong , Wang Xi Cun 
Published: July 2011

AbstractStable BNS is applied for the reaction to provide tetrahydroquinolines (III) and (IV) or their protected derivatives (V) and (VI) depending on the amount of cyclic enol ether.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation and Reaction of Quinolinyl (or Pyridinyl)phosphonium Salts with Base and Pivalaldehyde.
Authors: Shimada Minami , Sugimoto Osamu , Sato Akihiro , Tanji Ken‐ichi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reactions of the compounds (III), (VIII), and (XII) with pivalaldehyde (IV) leads to elimination of the heteroaryl group which is trapped by aldehyde or proton.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Inverse‐Electron‐Demand 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of C,N‐Cyclic Azomethine Imines: An Umpolung Strategy.
Authors: Hashimoto Takuya , Omote Masato , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAxially chiral dicarboxylic acids (I) exhibit high catalytic activity in the title reaction of dihydroisoquinoline derivatives (II) with vinyl ether (III) to give the cycloadducts exclusively as exo‐isomers with excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Cyano‐2,3‐dihydropyrrolo[1,2‐f]phenanthridine Derivatives via a Domino‐Knoevenagel‐Cyclization.
Authors: Marandi Ghasem , Maghsoodlou Malek T. , Hazeri Nourallah , Habibi‐Khorassani Sayyed M. , Torbati Niloufar Akbarzadeh , Rostami‐Charati Faramarz , Skelton Brian W. , Makha Mohamed 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe target compounds are prepared under mild conditions from benzaldehyde derivatives (I)/(VI), phenanthridine (II), isocyanides (III) and malononitrile (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Green Chemistry Approaches to the Regioselective Synthesis of Spiro Heterobicyclic Rings Using Iodine as a New and Efficient Catalyst under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Prajapat Dipak , Bhuyan Debajyoti , Gohain Mukut , Hu Wenhao 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe reaction of aryl aldehydes, urea or thiourea and barbituric acid derivatives leads to spiropyrimidine barbituric compounds under microwave conditions in the presence of iodine only without any solvent.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Promoted C6‐Alkylation of Purines Through SNAr‐Based Reaction of 6‐Chloropurines with 3‐Alkyl‐acetylacetone.
Authors: Guo Hai‐Ming , Zhang Yu , Niu Hong‐Ying , Wang Dong‐Chao , Chu Zhi‐Liang , Qu Gui‐Rong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe method is more attractive than previously reported ones due to the simplicity, the absence of an expensive catalyst and ligand, a short reaction time and the generality.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2,3‐Diaryl‐3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐1,3‐benzoxazines and Their Fungicidal Activities.
Authors: Tang Zilong , Chen Weiwen , Zhu Zhonghua , Liu Hanwen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA series of novel benzoxazines (III) (15 examples) is synthesized by SnCl4‐catalyzed reaction of o‐aminomethylphenols (I) with aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel and Efficient Aqueous Phase Synthesis of N‐Substituted Azepines via Tandem Michael Addition and Cyclization in the Presence of β‐Cyclodextrin.
Authors: Ramesh K. , Murthy S. Narayana , Nageswar Y. V. D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractVarious azepine derivatives can be prepared with high yields in the presence of diesters (III) and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Functionality of 4‐Amino‐5‐hydrazinyl‐4H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thiol in Synthesis of New Fused Triazolotriazines and Triazolotriazepines of Potential Gram Negative Antibacterial Activity.
Authors: Aly Ashraf A. , Abdel‐Aziz Mohamed , Gad Gamal F. M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA variety of novel triazepines, triazines and triazoles fused with a triazole ring are synthesized using the binucleophilic centered title hydrazinotriazolethiol (I) as starting material.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Step Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Configurationally Stable Troeger Bases.
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Guenee Laure , Naubron Jean‐Valere , Lacour Jerome 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEthano‐bridged Trger bases bearing a quaternary stereocenter are directly synthesized in a single step by the rhodium(II)‐catalyzed reaction of Trger base (I) and diazo esters (II).
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 4,5‐Dihydro‐3,1‐benzoxazepine‐2(1H)‐thiones from 2‐(2‐Isocyanophenyl)ethanols via the Corresponding Isothiocyanates.
Authors: Fukamachi Shuhei , Konishi Hisatoshi , Kobayashi Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAn efficient and mild synthesis of the title compounds (II) from the easily by known procedures available compounds (I) is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure and Reactivity of a Preactivated sp2—sp3 Diboron Reagent: Catalytic Regioselective Boration of α,β‐Unsaturated Conjugated Compounds.
Authors: Gao Ming , Thorpe Steven B. , Kleeberg Christian , Slebodnick Carla , Marder Todd B. , Santos Webster L. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe diborane (II) is an efficient reagent for the Cu‐catalyzed β‐boration of various α,β‐unsaturated ketones, aldehydes, esters, amides, and nitriles to produce synthetically important organo‐boron compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reaction of Acetal‐Type Protective Groups in Combination with TMSOTf and 2,2′‐Bipyridyl; Mild and Chemoselective Deprotection and Direct Conversion to Other Protective Groups.
Authors: Fujioka Hiromichi , Minamitsuji Yutaka , Kubo Ozora , Senami Kento , Maegawa Tomohiro 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe protocol for the selective deprotection of a variety of Mom‐, Mem‐, Sem‐ and ‐CH2OBn protected alcohols is developed using TmsOTf or TesOTf with comparable results.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antioxidant Activity of Novel 15‐Alkyl/Aryl‐13,17‐dihydro‐15λ5‐dibenzo[e,k] [1,3,7,10,2]dioxadiazaphosphacyclotridecin‐15‐selones/thiones/ones.
Authors: Naidu K. Reddi Mohan , Kumar M. Anil , Dadapeer E. , Babu K. Ramesh , Raju C. Naga , Ghosh S. K. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe novel 13‐membered P‐heterocycles exhibit promising antioxidant activities.
ChemInform Abstract: Dendrophen, a Novel Glycyrrhetyl Amino Acid from Dendronephthya hemprichi
Authors: Shaaban Mohamed , Shaaban Khaled A. , Abd‐Alla Howaida I. , Hanna Atef G. , Laatsch Hartmut 
Published: July 2011

Abstractisolation, structure determination and biological activity of dendrophen (I) and the new polyhydroxysterol, dendrotriol (II)
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of Designed Chiral Acyclonucleosides and Acyclonucleotides by Organocatalytic Aza‐Michael Addition.
Authors: Guo Hai‐Ming , Yuan Teng‐Fei , Niu Hong‐Ying , Liu Jin‐Ying , Mao Run‐Ze , Li De‐Yang , Qu Gui‐Rong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOrganocatalytic aza‐Michael addition of purine bases (I) towards enals (II) is successfully applied for the first time to give acyclonucleosides (III) in high yields and good to excellent enantioselectivities.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Stereoselective Synthesis of Catechin Trimer Derivative Using Silver Lewis Acid‐Mediated Equimolar Condensation.
Authors: Oizumi Yukiko , Mohri Yoshihiro , Hattori Yasunao , Makabe Hidefumi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe title compound (III) can be converted into procyanidin C2 by known procedures.
ChemInform Abstract: The First Hydroperoxydihydrochalcone in the Etlingera Genus: Etlinglittoralin from the Rhizomes of Etlingera littoralis.
Authors: Jeerapong Chotika , Cheenpracha Sarot , Maneerat Wisanu , Prawat Uma , Kruahong Thongchai , Laphookhieo Surat 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe title compound (I) is isolated together with five known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: An α‐Carboline‐Containing Host Material for High‐Efficiency Blue and Green Phosphorescent OLEDs.
Authors: Motoyama Takao , Sasabe Hisahiro , Seino Yuki , Takamatsu Jun‐ichi , Kido Junji 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA novel and high‐performance host material (I) for phosphorescent OLEDs is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Roles of Histamine in the Pathogenesis of Bronchial Asthma and Reevaluation of the Clinical Usefulness of Antihistamines
Authors: Yamauchi Kohei , Shikanai Toshiki , Nakamura Yutaka , Kobayashi Hitoshi , Ogasawara Masahito , Maeyama Kazutaka 
Published: July 2011

AbstractReview: 7 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoelectrocatalysis: Principles, Nanoemitter Applications and Routes to Bioinspired Systems
Authors: Lewerenz H. J. , Heine C. , Skorupska K. , Szabo N. , Hannappel T. , Vo‐Dinh T. , Campbell S. A. , Klemm H. W. , Munoz A. G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractReview: 104 refs.
A methodology for determining optimal thermal damage in magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia cancer treatment
Authors: Mital Manu , Tafreshi Hooman V. 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYHyperthermia treatment of tumors uses localized heating to damage cancer cells and can also be utilized to increase the efficacy of other treatment methods such as chemotherapy. Magnetic nanoparticle hyperthermia is one of the least invasive techniques of delivering heat. It is based on injecting magnetic nanoparticles into the tumor and subjecting them to an alternating magnetic field. The technique is aimed at damaging the tumor without affecting the surrounding healthy tissue. In this preliminary study, we consider a simplified model (two concentric spheres that represent the tumor and its surrounding tissues) that employs a numerical solution of the Pennes bioheat equation. The model assumes a Gaussian distribution for the spatial variation of the applied thermal energy and an exponential decay function for the time variation. The objective of the study is to optimize the parameters that control the spatial and the time variation of the thermal energy. The optimization process is performed by formulating a fitness function that rewards damage in the region representing the tumor but penalizes damage in the surrounding tissues. Because of the flatness of this fitness function near the optimum, a genetic algorithm is used as the optimization method for its robust non‐gradient‐based approach. The overall aim of this work is to propose a methodology that can be used for hyperthermia treatment in a clinical scenario. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photon Counting Histogram Analysis for Two‐Dimensional Systems
Authors: Anikovsky Max , Wiltshire Zach D. , Weisshart Klaus , Petersen Nils O. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPhoton counting statistics in 3D photon counting histogram analysis for one‐photon excitation is a function of the number of molecules of particular brightness in the excitation‐detection volume of a confocal microscope. In mathematical form that volume is approximated by a three‐dimensional Gaussian function which is embedded in the PCH theoretical equations. PCH theory assumes that a molecule can be found anywhere inside the excitation‐detection volume with equal probability. However, one can easily imagine systems in which this assumption is violated because molecules are constrained by the geometry of the sample. For example, molecules on a surface or in a membrane would be constrained to two dimensions. To enable the analysis of such systems by PCH, the theoretical framework requires modification. Herein, we present an extension of the PCH analysis to systems where molecules exist in thin structures that are effectively two‐dimensional. The method, aptly called two‐dimensional photon counting histogram (2D PCH), recovers the number of fluorescent particles per unit area and their molecular brightness. Both theoretical background and experimental results are presented. The theory was tested using computer‐simulated and experimental 2D PCHs obtained from confocal experiments. We demonstrate that this modification of the theoretical framework provides a tool to extract data that reveal states of aggregation, surface photophysics, and reactivity.
Pioneering studies on the mechanisms of axonal regeneration
Authors: Snow Diane M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWhile ultimately, focus must be placed on experimentation using adult systems, vastly important clues to regeneration can be found in the study of the embryonic nervous system. In embryonic systems, axonal regeneration is successful before a critical period, and numerous advances have resulted from the study of isolated cells and tissues in vitro. Studies over many decades from the laboratory of Paul C. Letourneau have probed the cellular and molecular phenomena involved in axon outgrowth and guidance in the embryonic central and peripheral nervous system and have laid the framework for many current advances in regeneration research. Letourneau's pioneering work related to growth cone behavior, guidance, and regeneration has resulted in considerable contributions toward our understanding not only of cellular mechanisms that underlie axon growth, but also of the specific areas of study that require attention to accomplish future breakthroughs. The present article summarizes some of the major contributions from Paul Letourneau and his team in the area of axonal regeneration. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals,Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2011
Sex differences in the effectiveness of treadmill training in enhancing axon regeneration in injured peripheral nerves
Authors: Wood Kylene , Wilhelm Jennifer C. , Sabatier Manning J. , Liu Kevin , Gu Jingsheng , English Arthur W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractExercise in the form of daily treadmill training results in significant enhancement of axon regeneration following peripheral nerve injury. Because androgens are also linked to enhanced axon regeneration, we wanted to investigate whether sex differences in the effect of treadmill training might exist. The common fibular nerves of thy‐1‐YFP‐H mice were cut and repaired with a graft of the same nerve from a strain‐matched wild‐type donor mouse. Animals were treated with one of two daily treadmill training paradigms: slow continuous walking for 1 h or four higher intensity intervals of 2 min duration separated by 5‐min rest periods. Training was begun on the third day following nerve injury and continued 5 days per week for 2 weeks. Effects on regeneration were evaluated by measuring regenerating axon profile lengths in optical sections through the repair sites and grafts at the end of the training period. No sex differences were found in untrained control mice. Continuous training resulted in significant enhancement of axon regeneration only in males. No effect was found in females or in castrated males. Interval training was effective in enhancing axon regeneration only in females and not in intact males or castrated males. Untrained females treated with the aromatase inhibitor, anastrozole, had significant enhancement of axon regeneration without increasing serum testosterone levels. Two different mechanisms exist to promote axon regeneration in a sex‐dependent manner. In males treadmill training uses testicular androgens. In females, a different cellular mechanism for the effect of treadmill training must exist. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 688–698, 2012
Regulation of T‐cell survival and mitochondrial homeostasis by TSC1
Authors: O'Brien Thomas F. , Gorentla Balachandra K. , Xie Danli , Srivatsan Sruti , McLeod Ian X. , He You‐Wen , Zhong Xiao‐Ping 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a key regulator of cell growth and metabolism. It associates with multiple proteins and forms two distinct signaling complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. Accumulating evidence has revealed critical roles for intact mTOR signaling during T‐cell activation and responses to microbial infection. However, the importance of mTOR regulation in T cells has yet to be explored. The TSC1/TSC2 complex has been shown to inhibit mTORC1 signaling in cell line models. We show here that deletion of TSC1 in the murine T‐cell lineage results in a dramatic reduction of the peripheral T‐cell pool, correlating with increased cell death. While mTORC1 is constitutively activated, mTORC2 signaling, reflected by Akt phosphorylation and activity, is decreased in TSC1‐deficient T cells. Furthermore, TSC1‐deficient T cells contain elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibit decreased mitochondrial content and membrane potential, which is correlated with the activation of the intrinsic death pathway. Overall, our results demonstrate that TSC1 differentially regulates mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity, promotes T‐cell survival, and is critical for normal mitochondrial homeostasis in T cells.
Arginine depletion as a mechanism for the immune privilege of corneal allografts
Authors: Fu Hongmei , Khan Adnan , Coe David , Zaher Sarah , Chai Jian‐Guo , Kropf Pascale , Müller Ingrid , Larkin Daniel F. P. , George Andrew J. T. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe cornea is an immune privileged tissue. Since arginase has been found to modulate T‐cell function by depleting arginine, we investigated the expression of arginase in the cornea and its possible role in immune privilege using a murine transplant model. We found that both the endothelium and epithelium of murine corneas express functional arginase I, capable of down‐regulating T‐cell proliferation in an in vitro culture system. The administration of the specific arginase inhibitor N‐hydroxy‐nor‐L‐Arg to recipient mice resulted in an accelerated rejection of allogeneic C57BL/6 (B6) corneal grafts. In contrast, in vivo blockade of arginase activity had no effect in altering the course of rejection of primary skin grafts that express little, if any, arginase. In addition, the inhibition of arginase did not alter systemic T‐cell proliferation. These data show that arginase is functional in the cornea and contributes to the immune privilege of the eye, and that modulation of arginase contributes to graft survival.
The consequences of pain: The social and physical pain overlap on psychological responses
Authors: Riva Paolo , Wirth James H. , Williams Kipling D. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCurrent theories suggest that social and physical pain overlap in their neurological and physiological outcomes. We investigated how social and physical pain overlap in their psychological responses by testing the hypothesis that both social and physical pain would thwart satisfaction on four human needs, worsen mood, and increase desire to aggress. In Experiment 1, recalling an experience of social or physical pain produced overlapping effects in the form of thwarted self‐esteem and control needs and increased negative affect and desire to aggress. In Experiment 2, we induced social (Cyberball ostracism) or physical pain (cold pressor) within the laboratory session, and found that both pain types produced feelings of being ignored and excluded, and thwarted belonging, self‐esteem, control, and meaningful existence. Our results provide further support to pain overlap theories and indicate that social and physical pain cause common psychological consequences, resulting in new ways to understand and manage pain. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical studies of electrically induced pattern formation by coupling liquid dielectrophoresis and two‐phase flow
Authors: Tian Hongmiao , Shao Jinyou , Ding Yucheng , Li Xin , Li Xiangming 
Published: July 2011

AbstractElectrically induced patterning process, as a novel micro‐ or nano‐structuring approach for fabrication of various micro‐ or nano‐systems, is usually implemented by applying a voltage to an electrode pair consisting of a patterned or non‐patterned template and a polymer‐coated substrate separated in parallel by an air gap, followed by photo‐ or thermo‐curing of the fluidic and dielectric polymer. The analyses performed so far to characterize this patterning process have been based on linear thermodynamics for a thermally instable thin film perturbed by an electrostatically induced hydraulic pressure. For mathematical simplicity, these analyses were formulated only for a flat template and a flat film surface with infinite planar area, demonstrating the tendency of initial pattern growth on the polymer film, but being unable to visualize the dynamic evolution of micro‐ or nano‐structure growth throughout the patterning process for a real‐life template in practical applications. This paper attempts to provide another insight into this patterning process from a viewpoint of liquid dielectrophoresis (L‐DEP), by presenting an approach for numerical simulation of the patterning process based on a coupling of L‐DEP and two‐phase flow theories. First, a numerical analysis has been made for the electrocoalescence of a water droplet with bottom water in silicone oil to benchmark effectiveness of the proposed numerical approach against published experimental observations. More numerical results have then been provided to show effects of some process variables on the evolution of the polymer micro‐ or nano‐structures for this patterning process.