bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can telephone data contribute to a national influenza surveillance system in Australia? A retrospective analysis
Authors: Hartley Mica , Biggs Janice , Glass Kathryn 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

Data collected from telephone helplines that provide health advice can improve the timeliness and accuracy of disease surveillance, contributing to an appropriate and rapid public health response. We show how these data can forewarn health professionals of increased rates of influenza-like illness (ILI) in the community and discuss implications for COVID-19 syndromic surveillance.

Methods:

The healthdirect helpline (HH) captures demographic details and characteristics of symptoms from users in 6 Australian states and territories. We compare ILI activity in the HH with ILI activity in emergency department (ED), laboratory, Flutracking and general practice (GP) data using cross-correlation functions.

Results:

Helpline data correlated strongly with ED data (range in yearly correlations from 0.82-0.99), GP data (0.66 – 0.95) and Flutracking data (0.62-0.89), but yearly correlations with laboratory data varied (0.49-0.95). The highest correlation with laboratory and GP data occurred when HH activity was 1-2 weeks in advance of these data, while correlations with ED and Flutracking data were strongest with no time lag.

Discussion:

Our analysis demonstrates that the number of ILI-related calls to the HH is a reliable indicator of ILI incidence in Australia. An increase in calls is likely to occur simultaneously with an increase in visits to EDs and prior to an increase in positive laboratory influenza tests and visits to GPs. A surveillance system including these data would assist health practitioners to receive timely and accurate estimates of the level of ILI in the community to better respond to and prepare for seasonal and epidemic influenza.
Kemampuan Representasi Matematis Siswa antara yang Mendapatkan Pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Discovery Learning
Authors: Salma Firyal Anan , Sumartini Tina Sri 
Published: June 2024

Beberapa alasan perlunya kemampuan representasi yaitu untuk membangun konsep dan berpikir matematis, serta untuk memiliki kemampuan pemahaman konsep baik yang dapat digunakan dalam pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuasi eksperimen yang bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kemampuan representasi matematis antara siswa yang mendapatkan pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Discovery Learning. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Garut. Teknis pengambilan sampel menggunakan Purposive Sampling dengan sampel sebanyak dua kelas. Diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa terdapat perbedaan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa antara yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dan model pembelajaran Discovery Learning, kualitas peningkatan kemampuan representasi matematis siswa yang mendapatkan model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Discovery Learning berinterpretasi sedang, dan sikap siswa terhadap model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching and Learning dan Discovery Learning berinterpretasi cukup.
Some of the reasons for the need for representational skills are to build concepts and think mathematically, as well as to have good conceptual understanding skills that can be used in problem-solving. This research is a quasi-experimental study that aims to analyze the differences in mathematical representation abilities between students who receive Contextual Teaching and Learning and Discovery Learning. The population in this study were all eighth-grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Garut. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling with a sample of two classes. It was concluded that there were differences in students' mathematical representation abilities between those who received the Contextual Teaching and Learning learning model and the Discovery Learning learning model, and the quality of improving the mathematical representation ability of students who received the Contextual Teaching and Learning and Discovery Learning learning models with moderate interpretation, and student's attitudes towards the learning model. Contextual Teaching and Learning and Discovery Learning have sufficient interpretation.
Optimization of methods of cultivation of seed hemp with an ordinary method of sowing
Authors: Bakulova I. V. , Pluzhnikova I. I. , Kriushin N. V. 
Published: June 2024

Relevance. The application of new techniques in the technology of cannabis cultivation is an important direction for the stabilization and growth of the efficiency of the hemp industry. The selection of the optimal seeding rate in combination with non-root treatment with an ordinary seeding method will solve the issue of realizing the productivity potential of a new variety of Lyudmila seeded hemp.Methods. In order to optimize the cultivation methods of a new variety of cannabis Lyudmila, studies were conducted in accordance with the methodological guidelines for registration tests of fungicides in agriculture, methodological guidelines for production testing of research and development. The indicators of photosynthetic activity of plants in crops were determined by the method of A.A. Nichiporovich. The mathematical processing of experimental data was carried out by the method of dispersion analysis.Results. Field germination was 66–75% of the laboratory, plant safety was higher at a seeding rate of 3 million/ha (220.4 pcs/m²). The leaf area was increased in variants with a seeding rate of 2.0 and 2.5 million/ha due to optimal plant placement. Non-root treatments with «Izagri Phosphorus» and «Humate+7» preparations increased the leaf area during all stages of ontogenesis. Non-root treatments and seeding rates affected the accumulation of total and long fiber – high yields of stems (11.9–15.9 t/ha) and fiber (3.43–5.04 t/ha) were obtained using the «Izagri Phosphorus» treatment option. The thickening of the stem increased the yield of the stems to 14.96 t/ha, and the yield of total fiber to 4.56 t/ha. The maximum seed yield (on average 1.0 t/ha) was obtained when sowing with a seeding rate of 2.0 million/ha, with the addition of non-root top dressing, the yield increased by 6.7–23.6%.
Theoretical studies of the movement of mineral fertilizer granules in the mixing chamber of a centrifugal mixing plant
Authors: Teterin V. S. , Panfеrov N. S. , Pehnov S. A. , Mitrofanov S. V. 
Published: June 2024

Relevance. The use of mineral fertilizers helps to improve soil fertility, stimulates the growth and development of plants, which is achieved due to the availability of necessary nutrients. In turn, it is important to observe the correct application of fertilizers, which allows you to control the level of nutrients in the soil, preventing both their excess and deficiency. Currently, the main application of fertilizers falls on complex mineral fertilizers, while one of their disadvantages is that they may contain nutrients that will not be in demand by the plant, which can lead to a violation of the ecological balance. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of flour mixtures. When using mixtures, the determining factor is the uniformity of mixing, which is largely determined by the equipment used. In this regard, the urgent task is to develop a mixing equipment that meets the necessary indicators.Methods. During the research, the processes occurring in the mixing chamber of the developed mixing plant were studied using methods of mathematical analysis, graphical and mathematical modeling.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that during the operation of the mixing plant, the mixing quality is determined by the rotation frequency of the conical rotor. At the same time, the granules of mineral fertilizers after leaving the conical rotor, pouring into the collecting funnel, continue their movement along a spiral trajectory. During the movement of the granules along the surface of the rotating cone, as well as when moving through the funnel, their trajectories will intersect with each other, which will lead to their active mixing.
<i>In vivo</i> functional assessment of recombinant adeno-associated viruses carrying genes of protectively significant antigens of the African swine fever virus
Authors: Galeeva A. G. , Efimova M. A. , Frolov G. S. , Zubrinkin D. A. , Hisamutdinov A. G. , Garipov L. N. , Mingaleev D. N. , Ravilo R. Kh. 
Published: June 2024

Relevance. African swine fever (ASF) is a viral hemorrhagic disease with exceptionally high mortality in members of the family Suidae, with serious economic consequences associated with production losses, trade restrictions and eradication programs. To date, no effective commercial vaccine against ASF has been developed. Of particular interest in the design of candidate vaccines are viral vectors, in particular the adenoassociated virus of the 2nd serotype (AAV2), which has successfully proven itself as a gene therapy agent. We previously reported the ability of rAAV2 to effectively deliver ASF virus genes B646L, E183L, CP530R, CP204L into porcine cells in vitro.The aim of the study was to evaluate the in vivo functionality of adenoassociated viruses of the 2nd serotype carrying genes of protectively significant antigens of the African swine fever virus.Methods. By cloning pairwise combined genes B646L-CP530R, E183L-CP204L into the pAAV-MCS vector, bicistronic constructs with the self-cleaving P2A peptide were created. Assembly of rAAV2 was accomplished by calcium phosphate transfection of AAV293 cells. After iodixanol density gradient purification, rAAV2 was administered to pigs at a dose of 3 × 1011 viral particles and humoral and cellular immunity was assessed for 180 days. The dynamics of antibody genesis were assessed by indirect ELISA, and immunophenotyping of peripheral blood T-lymphocytes was assessed by flow cytometry.Results. It was found that the developed bicistronic constructs based on rAAV2 are safe and easily tolerated by animals and cause the induction of both humoral and cellular immune responses: the formation of virus-specific antibodies was observed, which persisted until the end of the experiment, as well as increased expression of CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocytes. The AAV platform we propose is a promising tool for creating a vaccine, however, a comprehensive characterization of rAAV2 can only be compiled after assessing its protective effect.
The efficiency of consumption and assimilation of nutrients of the diet feed, depending on the genotype and castration of young sheep
Authors: Kosilov V. I. , Yuldashbaev Yu. A. , Nikonova E. A. , Rakhimzhanova I. A. , Kalyakina R. G. , Sedykh T. A. , Dolgaya M. N. 
Published: June 2024

Relevance. As a result of the scientific and economic experience, materials were obtained characterizing the peculiarities of consumption and assimilation of nutrients in the diet of sheep, depending on genotypic affiliation and castration.Methodology. In order to perform the experiment, groups of experimental young animals were selected: I – Gypsy breed (sheep), II – ½ Tsigai × ½ edilbai (sheep), III – Tsigai breed (boulders), IV – ½ Tsigai × ½ edilbai (boulders).Results. The effect of genotype and castration on the amount of consumed and digested nutrients has been established, which in turn affects their digestibility in the body and the formation of meat products. It is enough to note that crossbred rams and boulders having the genotype ½ Qigai × ½ edilbai surpassed purebred analogues in consumption of dry matter by 237.6 g (14.5%) and 227.5 g (8.15), organic matter – by 220.4 g (14.55%) and 200.0 g (14.2%), in digestion (assimilation) dry matter by 173.0 g (16.1%) and 167.8 g (16.8%), organic matter by 158.9 g (15.5%) and 152.5 g (16.2%). At the same time, both purebred and crossbred boulders were characterized by the lowest indicators.
Mechanical characterization of porcine ureter for the evaluation of tissue-engineering applications
Authors: Casarin Martina , Toniolo Ilaria , Todesco Martina , Carniel Emanuele Luigi , Astolfi Laura , Morlacco Alessandro , Moro Fabrizio Dal 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Clinics increasingly require readily deployable tubular substitutes to restore the functionality of structures like ureters and blood vessels. Despite extensive exploration of various materials, both synthetic and biological, the optimal solution remains elusive. Drawing on abundant literature experiences, there is a pressing demand for a substitute that not only emulates native tissue by providing requisite signals and growth factors but also exhibits appropriate mechanical resilience and behaviour.Methods: This study aims to assess the potential of porcine ureters by characterizing their biomechanical properties in their native configuration through ring and membrane flexion tests. In order to assess the tissue morphology before and after mechanical tests and the eventual alteration of tissue microstructure that would be inserted in material constitutive description, histological staining was performed on samples. Corresponding computational analyses were performed to mimic the experimental campaign to identify the constitutive material parameters.Results: The absence of any damages to muscle and collagen fibres, which only compacted after mechanical tests, was demonstrated. The experimental tests (ring and membrane flexion tests) showed non-linearity for material and geometry and the viscoelastic behaviour of the native porcine ureter. Computational models were descriptive of the mechanical behaviour ureteral tissue, and the material model feasible.Discussion: This analysis will be useful for future comparison with decellularized tissue for the evaluation of the aggression of cell removal and its effect on microstructure. The computational model could lay the basis for a reliable tool for the prediction of solicitation in the case of tubular substitutions in subsequent simulations.
More evidence for widespread antagonistic pleiotropy in polymorphic disease alleles
Authors: Lockwood Cynthia , Vo Ashley S. , Bellafard Hanna , Carter Ashley J. R. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMany loci segregate alleles classified as “genetic diseases” due to their deleterious effects on health. However, some disease alleles have been reported to show beneficial effects under certain conditions or in certain populations. The beneficial effects of these antagonistically pleiotropic alleles may explain their continued prevalence, but the degree to which antagonistic pleiotropy is common or rare is unresolved. We surveyed the medical literature to identify examples of antagonistic pleiotropy to help determine whether antagonistic pleiotropy appears to be rare or common.ResultsWe identified ten examples of loci with polymorphisms for which the presence of antagonistic pleiotropy is well supported by detailed genetic or epidemiological information in humans. One additional locus was identified for which the supporting evidence comes from animal studies. These examples complement over 20 others reported in other reviews.DiscussionThe existence of more than 30 identified antagonistically pleiotropic human disease alleles suggests that this phenomenon may be widespread. This poses important implications for both our understanding of human evolutionary genetics and our approaches to clinical treatment and disease prevention, especially therapies based on genetic modification.
Macrophages and pulmonary fibrosis: a bibliometric and visual analysis of publications from 1990 to 2023
Authors: Min Yi , Wu Lifei , Xu Cheng , Han Wen , Yin Zhi , Pan Xu , Sun Luyao , Zhang Jinrong , Wan Guoqiang , Zhou Tongxin 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe role of macrophages in the symptomatic and structural progression of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has garnered significant scholarly attention in recent years. This study employs a bibliometric approach to examine the present research status and areas of focus regarding the correlation between macrophages and PF, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of their relationship.MethodologyThe present study employed VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Microsoft Excel software to visualize and analyze various aspects such as countries, institutions, authors, journals, co-cited literature, keywords, related genes, and diseases. These analyses were conducted using the Web of Science core collection database.ResultsA comprehensive collection of 3,479 records pertaining to macrophages and PF from the period of 1990 to 2023 was obtained. Over the years, there has been a consistent increase in research literature on this topic. Notably, the United States and China exhibited the highest level of collaboration in this field. Through careful analysis, the institutions, authors, and prominent journals that hold significant influence within this particular field have been identified as having the highest publication output. The pertinent research primarily concentrates on the domains of Biology and Medicine. The prevailing keywords encompass pulmonary fibrosis, acute lung injury, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and others. Notably, TGFβ1, TNF, and CXCL8 emerge as the most frequently studied targets, primarily associated with signaling pathways such as cytokine–cytokine receptor interaction. Additionally, cluster analysis of related diseases reveals their interconnectedness with ailments such as cancer.ConclusionThe present study employed bibliometric methods to investigate the knowledge structure and developmental trends in the realm of macrophage and PF research. The findings shed light on the introduction and research hotspots that facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of macrophages and PF.
Cognitive safety of focused ultrasound thalamotomy for tremor: 1-year follow-up results of the COGNIFUS part 2 study
Authors: Saporito Gennaro , Sucapane Patrizia , Bruno Federico , Catalucci Alessia , Masciocchi Carlo , Pistoia Maria Letizia , Splendiani Alessandra , Ricci Alessandro , Di Cesare Ernesto , Marini Carmine , Mazza Monica , Totaro Rocco , Pistoia Francesca 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionIn the COGNitive in Focused UltraSound (COGNIFUS) study, we examined the 6-month cognitive outcomes of patients undergoing MRgFUS thalamotomy. This study endorsed the safety profile of the procedure in terms of cognitive functions that cannot be evaluated in real-time during the procedure unlike other aspects. The aim of the COGNIFUS Part 2 study was to investigate the cognitive trajectory of MRgFUS patients over a 1-year period, in order to confirm long-term safety and satisfaction.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated the cognitive and neurobehavioral profile of patients with essential tremor (ET) or Parkinson’s Disease (PD) related tremor undergoing MRgFUS thalamotomy at 1 year-follow-up following the treatment.ResultsThe sample consists of 50 patients (male 76%; mean age ± SD 69.0 ± 8.56; mean disease duration ± SD 12.13 ± 12.59; ET 28, PD 22 patients). A significant improvement was detected at the 1 year-follow-up assessment in anxiety and mood feelings (Hamilton Anxiety rating scale 5.66 ± 5.02 vs. 2.69 ± 3.76, p ≤ &lt;0.001; Beck depression Inventory II score 3.74 ± 3.80 vs. 1.80 ± 2.78, p = 0.001), memory domains (Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test, immediate recall 31.76 ± 7.60 vs. 35.38 ± 7.72, p = 0.001 and delayed recall scores 5.57 ± 2 0.75 vs. 6.41 ± 2.48), frontal functions (Frontal Assessment Battery score 14.24 ± 3.04 vs. 15.16 ± 2.74) and in quality of life (Quality of life in Essential Tremor Questionnaire 35.00 ± 12.08 vs. 9.03 ± 10.64, p ≤ 0.001 and PD Questionnaire −8 7.86 ± 3.10 vs. 3.09 ± 2.29, p ≤ 0.001).ConclusionOur study supports the long-term efficacy and cognitive safety of MRgFUS treatment for ET and PD.
The somatic mutation profile of estrogen receptor-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer in Brazilian patients
Authors: Reinert Tomás , do Rego Fernanda Orpinelli , Silva Matheus Costa e , Rodrigues Amanda Muniz , Koyama Fernanda Christtanini , Gonçalves Aline Coelho , Pauletto Maiane Maria , de Carvalho Oliveira Leandro Jonata , de Resende Cristiano Augusto Andrade , Landeiro Luciana Castro Garcia , Barrios Carlos Henrique , Mano Max Senna , Dienstmann Rodrigo 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundBreast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Studies about the genomic landscape of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) have predominantly originated from developed nations. There are still limited data on the molecular epidemiology of MBC in low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of mutations in the PI3K-AKT pathway and other actionable drivers in estrogen receptor (ER)+/HER2- MBC among Brazilian patients treated at a large institution representative of the nation’s demographic diversity.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective observational study using laboratory data (OC Precision Medicine). Our study included tumor samples from patients with ER+/HER2- MBC who underwent routine tumor testing from 2020 to 2023 and originated from several Brazilian centers within the Oncoclinicas network. Two distinct next-generation sequencing (NGS) assays were used: GS Focus (23 genes, covering PIK3CA, AKT1, ESR1, ERBB2, BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, but not PTEN) or GS 180 (180 genes, including PTEN, tumor mutation burden [TMB] and microsatellite instability [MSI]).ResultsEvaluation of tumor samples from 328 patients was undertaken, mostly (75.6%) with GS Focus. Of these, 69% were primary tumors, while 31% were metastatic lesions. The prevalence of mutations in the PI3K-AKT pathway was 39.3% (95% confidence interval, 33% to 43%), distributed as 37.5% in PIK3CA and 1.8% in AKT1. Stratification by age revealed a higher incidence of mutations in this pathway among patients over 50 (44.5% vs 29.1%, p=0.01). Among the PIK3CA mutations, 78% were canonical (included in the alpelisib companion diagnostic non-NGS test), while the remaining 22% were characterized as non-canonical mutations (identifiable only by NGS test). ESR1 mutations were detected in 6.1%, exhibiting a higher frequency in metastatic samples (15.1% vs 1.3%, p=0.003). Additionally, mutations in BRCA1, BRCA2, or PALB2 were identified in 3.9% of cases, while mutations in ERBB2 were found in 2.1%. No PTEN mutations were detected, nor were TMB high or MSI cases.ConclusionWe describe the genomic landscape of Brazilian patients with ER+/HER2- MBC, in which the somatic mutation profile is comparable to what is described in the literature globally. These data are important for developing precision medicine strategies in this scenario, as well as for health systems management and research initiatives.
Effect of empowering leadership on employees’ workplace loneliness: a moderated mediation model
Authors: Hou Lingyan , Cai Wenjing 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundWorkplace loneliness has become a prevalent experience among employees in organizations; however, there is limited empirical research on how leaders can address and mitigate this issue. Drawing upon self-determination theory and empowering leadership theory, this study examines the impact of empowering leadership on workplace loneliness by exploring the mediator of role breadth self-efficacy and the moderator of leader–member conversational quality.MethodsA time-lagged research design was used, collecting data through a two-wave online survey involving 531 employees in Chinese public sectors. The participants consisted of 321 males and 210 females, with an average age of 35 years (SD = 7.36).ResultsOur findings indicate that empowering leadership positively influences employees’ role breadth self-efficacy, reducing their workplace loneliness. Moreover, leader–member conversational quality strengthens this indirect effect, suggesting that empowering leadership is more effective in reducing workplace loneliness when leader–member conversational quality is high.ConclusionThis study expands and enriches research on the antecedents of workplace loneliness from the leadership approach, providing valuable insights for organizations to implement interventions that effectively alleviate employees’ workplace loneliness.