bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Are mouse noodles actually made from mice? Touring street food name translations
Authors: Zhu Hongxiang , Ang Lay Hoon , Mansor Nor Shahila 
Published: April 2024

AbstractStreet food helps to characterise Southeast Asia as a popular gastronomic destination for tourism. However, confusion regarding its translation can make it difficult to understand the nature of its food types and selections. This study aims to examine how street food names in Malaysia are translated from Chinese to English and explore the cultural influence found within the translations of street food names. This study adopts a qualitative case study with thirty-six types of translations for mouse noodle, nineteen types for Hokkien Mee, twenty-two types for Wan Tan Mee, and seven types for Kueh Chap. Data analysis encompassed both the micro content analysis for food translation techniques with changes in content and linguistic aspects of translation varieties and the macro-analysis from an ethnography approach with a semi-structured interview comprised of perspectives from ten food vendors and twenty consumers. The analysis of the interviews is guided by linguistic and cultural factors. This study found that street food names were translated with transliteration, literal translation, amplification, omission, and their combinations—the results showed that transliteration was the most frequently used technique. In detail, the changes made in the translations were in both content and linguistic aspects—mainly addition, omission, restructuring, lexical, and morphological changes. The results also showed that the factors that played a major role include knowledge (background knowledge and linguistic competence), time, and culture (localisation and cultural policy). The ethnographic description explained how these factors result in transliteration within the social relations of Chinese Malaysians. In conclusion, the transliteration based on Chinese dialects and its varieties in spelling has labelled Malaysia a multicultural destination, in which its diverse cultures are intermingled in the translations of street food names.
Leveraging natural language processing techniques to explore the potential impact of the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM)
Authors: Curran Louise , Carrasco-Farré Carlos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDebates on controversial policies often stimulate extensive discourse, which is difficult to interpret objectively. Political science scholars have begun to use new textual data analysis tools to illuminate policy debates, yet these techniques have been little leveraged in the international business literature. We use a combination of natural language processing, network analysis and trade data to shed light on a high-profile policy debate—the EU’s recently enacted Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). We leverage these novel techniques to analyze business inputs to the EU’s public consultation, differentiating between different types of organizations (companies, trade associations, non-EU actors) and nature of impact (direct, indirect, potential). Although there are similarities in key concerns, there are also differences, both across sectors and between collective and individual actors. Key findings include the fact that collective actors and indirectly affected sectors tended to be less concerned about the negative impacts of the new measure on international relations than individual firms and those directly affected. Firms’ home country also impacted on their positions, with EU-headquartered and foreign-owned companies clustering separately. Our research highlights the potential of natural language processing techniques to help better understand the positions of business in contentious debates and inform policy making.
Thermal-flow characteristics analysis of a novel resilient capacity ceramic insulated winding dry type transformer
Authors: Li Haomin , Zhang Qirui , Lei Li , Geng Yingsan , Wang Jianhua 
Published: April 2024

With the increasing demand for the resilient capacity of transformers in high-proportion renewable energy grids, the overload capacity of transformers and the thermal conductivity of winding insulation materials have been put forward as important requirements. In response to these requirements, a novel ceramic high temperature tolerance insulation winding is proposed in this paper and is applied in a ceramic insulated winding transformer. A combination of simulation and experimentation is used to analyze the thermal-flow characteristics of this transformer. The temperature and flow field distribution characteristics of transformers with both winding insulation methods (ceramic and Nomex paper) are compared. The internal mechanism of reflux near the iron core and high voltage winding under forced air cooling is clarified. A superior outside cooling condition is obtained. A prototype ceramic insulated winding transformer is developed and tested to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. The results show that the hotspot temperature of the ceramic insulated winding transformer under natural cooling is 10.7% lower than that of the Nomex paper insulated winding transformer. With forced air cooling of 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 m/s applied at the bottom, the hotspot temperature of the ceramic insulated winding transformer is 11.4%, 10.5%, 9.7%, 14.0%, and 17.8% lower than that of the Nomex paper insulation winding transformer, respectively. Under forced air cooling, a reflux phenomenon is observed in both transformers in the vicinity of the iron core and high voltage winding due to the formation of adverse pressure gradient region and wall viscous force blocking. The strength of the reflux is affected by the magnitude of the forced air cooling flow velocity and the construction of the transformer. The optimal range of the external cooling flow velocity for the ceramic insulated winding transformer is 3–4 m/s. The errors between the simulated temperature and the measured temperature at the nine monitoring points of the prototype are all less than 5%, which verifies the effectiveness of the simulation model. The experimental and theoretical basis for the design and application of resilient capacity dry type transformers is provided by this research.
Physiological responses of the microalgae Thalassiosira weissflogii to the presence of the herbicide glyphosate in the medium
Authors: Solomonova Ekaterina , Shoman Natalia , Akimov Arkady 
Published: April 2024

We evaluated changes in growth, chlorophyll fluorescence and basic physiological and biochemical parameters of the microalgae Thalassiosira weissflogii cells under the influence of the herbicide glyphosate in concentrations 0, 25, 95 and 150 μg L−1. The toxic effect of glyphosate on algae is weakly dependent on the level of cell mineral nutrition. High concentrations of the herbicide do not lead to the death of microalgae but block the process of algae cell division. An increase in the glyphosate concentration in the medium leads to a slowdown or stop of algal growth, a decrease in their final biomass, an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), depolarisation of mitochondrial membranes and metabolic activity of algae. Glyphosate inhibits the photosynthetic activity of cells and inhibits the relative rate of electron transport in the photosynthetic apparatus. Glyphosate at the studied concentrations does not affect the size characteristics of cells and the intracellular content of chlorophyll in T. weissflogii. The studied herbicide or products of its decay retain their toxic properties in the environment for at least 9 days. This result shows the need for further in-depth studies to assess the physiological response and possible acclimation changes in the functional state of oxygenic phototrophs in response to the herbicide action. The species specificity of microalgae to the effects of glyphosate in natural conditions is potentially dangerous due to a possible change in the species structure of biocoenoses, in particular, a decrease in the contribution of diatoms.
Homeland of Karenic languages
Authors: Kato Atsuhiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Comparisons of plant names in Karenic languages reveal that names that can be traced back to Proto-Karen belong to plants that grow in temperate zones, such as bamboo, banyan, and mango. The names for coconut and palmyra palm, which are typical tropical plants, cannot be traced back to Proto-Karen and are borrowings. This suggests that Proto-Karen was spoken in a temperate zone. Meanwhile, the highest diversity of Karenic languages is observed in the area from southern Shan State to Kayah State and northern Karen State in Myanmar. Thus, as per linguistic migration theory, this area may have been the homeland of Karenic languages. Furthermore, the area largely has temperate zones. Hence, we can assume that the homeland of Karenic languages was in this area.
Geolinguistic approach to migration history in the south-eastern edge of the Tibetosphere
Authors: Suzuki Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article examines the migration history of Tibetic language-speaking people in the south-eastern corner of the
Tibetosphere, particularly the origin of Sangdam Tibetan, spoken in Kachin State, Myanmar, by adopting a geolinguistic approach
with linguistic maps. It first presents the current research progress of geolinguistics in the region and then discusses
phonological and lexical features to elucidate the dialect position of Sangdam Tibetan based on the data available in its adjacent
areas, such as Eastern Tibet and Yunnan in China. In addition, this study highlights the geolinguistic method’s potential and
difficulties in addressing migration history.
Reconstructing the decoupling of case and agreement in Old Hungarian
Authors: Halm Tamás 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The interdependence of accusative case and object agreement has changed dramatically during the history of Ugric languages. While Proto-Ugric exhibited full interdependence (mediated by topicality), this connection has loosened in the extant Ob-Ugric languages (Mansi and Khanty), and it is severed completely in Late to Modern Hungarian. In this paper, I introduce new, hitherto unreported empirical evidence from nicknames and family names that preserve archaic syntactic features for an intermediate stage of Early Old Hungarian (which predates our earliest written records) where case assignment was still a function of topicality but object agreement was already a function of definiteness. In addition to providing insight into an unrecorded stage of Hungarian, my findings also contribute to a more thorough understanding of the connection between case, agreement and information structure in Ugric and beyond.
Case and agreement variation in contact
Authors: Zhang Yi , Yue Ming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of language contact on morphosyntactic variation in World Englishes, specifically focusing on the joint variation of case and agreement in it-clefts with pronominal clefted constituents. Employing a multifactorial approach within the framework of probabilistic grammar, we examine the distribution of the four relevant it-cleft variants in the GloWbE corpus. We find that language contact, as a language-external factor, impacts the strengths and rankings of language-internal factors but not their directions. Additionally, we observe an intricate interplay between language contact and language-internal factors in shaping morphosyntactic patterns: low-contact varieties tend to display feature-based case and agreement with a high degree of variability, while high-contact varieties tend to exhibit position-based case and agreement with a low degree of variability. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the development of language diversity and structural simplification in World Englishes.
A proposal for a formalized, expandable approach to the taxonomy of writing systems
Authors: Osterkamp Sven , Schreiber Gordian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper we propose a formalized and expandable approach to the taxonomy of writing systems. Taking the mixed
nature of writing systems fully into account, our approach focuses on the classification of functionally homogenous subsystems,
which together and in interaction with each other constitute an overall writing system. Such subsystems make use of a script or a
subset of a script, which is understood here as an inventory of graphs that is (conventionally considered to be) graphically
homogeneous. A basic distinction is made into phonographic and morphographic systems, but complemented by an in principle open
number of subtypes, building and expanding on Gnanadesikan (2017) and Poser (1992, 2004) for segmental and syllabic systems
respectively. Types are designated by a notation that employs a set of symbols, relating to both form (boundedness of graphs and
their organization into segmental spaces) and function (mapping type), but by separate means.
Chaos or system?
Authors: Joyce Terry , Masuda Hisashi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper seeks to reassess the balance between chaos and systematicity within the Japanese writing system (JWS),
which is noted for its complexity. As potential factors for chaos, Section 2 focuses on two
important conventions. The first is the simultaneous use of multiple scripts as components of a largely systematic whole, even
though it also affords considerable levels of graphematic variation. The second convention of dual-readings turns on kanji
graphematically mapping to both Native-Japanese (NJ) and Sino-Japanese (SJ) morphemes, which yields the JWS’s intriguing form of
morphography. However, as a factor that is, to a considerable degree, a major source of systematicity, Section 3 outlines the graphematic representation of SJ compound words. More specifically, starting from the
morphological structures of two-kanji compound words (2KCWs), Section 3 introduces the
dominant morphological patterns of three-kanji (3KCWs) and four-kanji compound words (4KCWs), which underscore the significance of
2KCWs within the Japanese mental lexicon, and concludes by noting Hatano, Kuhara, and Akiyama’s (1981) study about inferring the meanings of SJ compound words.
Koineization and the Pamphylian alphabet
Authors: Selvi Eleonora 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the Hellenistic age, contact with the Ionic alphabet used to write koine Greek rapidly changed the Pamphylian
alphabet, initiating the processes of koineization and standardization. The analysis of three case studies (personal names with
-muu̯a; personal names built from the root ϝαναξ-; -αυ and -ευ diphthongs) shows how the need to write
dialectal personal names led to the creation of a ‘local standard’ of spellings suited to the koine alphabetic set. However, some
features of the epichoric alphabet survived in competition with this local standard. It is therefore argued that the process of
standardization of the Pamphylian alphabet in contact with the koine alphabet affected different alphabetic features according to
the social and identity values given to them by the community.
De Sitter-like configurations with asymptotic quintessence environment
Authors: Giambò Roberto , Luongo Orlando 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe examine a spherically-symmetric class of spacetimes carrying vacuum energy, while considering the influence of an external dark energy environment represented by a non-dynamical quintessence field. Our investigation focuses on a specific set of solutions affected by this field, leading to distinct kinds of spacetime deformations, resulting in regular, singular, and wormhole solutions. We thoroughly discuss the underlying physics associated with each case and demonstrate that more complex deformations are prone to instability. Ultimately, we find that our results lead to anisotropic de Sitter-like solutionthat behaves as a quintessence fluid. To achieve this, we investigate the nature of the corresponding fluid, showing that it cannot provide the sound speed equal to a constant equation of state parameter near the center. Consequently, we reinterpret the fluid as a slow-roll quintessence by investigating its behavior in asymptotic regimes. Further, we explore the potential implications of violating the isotropy condition on the pressures and we finally compare our findings with the de Sitter and Hayward solutions, highlighting both the advantages and disadvantages of our scenarios.
Electrical arc discharge in air between Pt-coated NEMS electrodes at nanoscale separation
Authors: Mamun Md Ataul , Smith Bennett , Horstmann Benjamin , Özgür Ümit , Avrutin Vitaliy 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A thorough understanding of arc discharge mechanism as well as determination of arc discharge voltage at the nanometer scale remains challenging due to the complexities associated with electrode preparation and precisely maintaining nanoscale separations in experiments. This work addresses this challenge through a novel approach by accurately measuring electric breakdown/discharge voltages between Pt-coated Si electrodes with separations ranging from ∼5 nm to 370 nm using a combination of fixed and flexible nano-electrodes while inherently creating an ideal environment to mitigate the effect of mechanical vibrations on the measurement results. For separations of 10, 100, and 300 nm, the corresponding discharge voltages are ∼15, 75, and 160 V, respectively, with the apparent electric field for the 10 nm separation exceeding 1.5 GV m−1. The results acquired from the investigated electrode configuration closely resembling the laterally actuated nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) cantilever relays reveals strong agreement with NEMS relay breakdown characteristics, emphasizing the importance of arc discharge considerations while designing micro/nano electromechanical devices. Furthermore, deliberately applied arc discharge is shown to provide electrode nano-welding for realization of configurable NEMS circuits.
Temperature-dependent epitaxial evolution of carbon-free corundum α-Ga2O3 on sapphire
Authors: Dai Lei , Hao Jinggang , Cui Mei , Zhang Yanfang , Kuang Yue , Wang Zhengpeng , Ren Fang-Fang , Gu Shulin , Ye Jiandong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Unintentionally doped carbon impurities from organometallic precursors are primary sources of carrier compensation and mobility degradation in wide bandgap semiconductors, leading to lowered performance of power electronic devices. To address this challenge, carbon-free α-Ga2O3 single-crystalline thin films were heteroepitaxially grown on sapphire substrates by using gallium inorganic precursors through a mist chemical vapor deposition technique. Determined through a temperature dependence of growth rates, three distinct growth regimes are identified: the surface reaction limited regime below 480 °C, the mid-temperature mass-transport limited regime (480 °C–530 °C) and the high temperature limited regime related to desorption or phase transition. With an optimized around 530 °C, the densities of screw and edge dislocations are reduced to 7.17 × 106 and 7.60 × 109 cm−2, respectively. Notably, carbon incorporation was eliminated in the α-Ga2O3 grown by inorganic GaCl3, as evidenced by the absence of carbon-related vibrational bands in Raman scattering analysis, while crystalline quality was comparable to that grown with organometallic precursors. The high solubility of GaCl3 in water is expected to enable the rapid growth of high purity α-Ga2O3 with improved electronic transport performances.
A flexible self-cleaning/antibacterial PVDF/T-ZnO fabric based on piezo-photocatalytic coupling effect for smart mask
Authors: Li Qihao , Lin Rui , Tang Zhaoxiang , Liang Shan , Xue Xinyu , Xing Lili 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A novel flexible composite fabric has been engineered by combining piezoelectric poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and tetrapod zinc oxide (T-ZnO) nanostructures, which are integrated onto a nonwoven fabric substrate. This fabric exhibits a wide array of functionalities, notably self-cleaning and antibacterial properties, facilitated by the synergistic piezo-photocatalytic coupling effect. Through the utilization of the piezoelectric effect inherent in PVDF/T-ZnO in tandem with the photocatalytic attributes of T-ZnO nanostructures, the fabric achieves concurrent degradation of organic pollutants and antibacterial efficacy when exposed to mechanical vibration and solar irradiation. The piezo-photocatalytic coupling effect engenders an internal electric field that aids in the effective separation of photo-generated carriers (electrons and holes), thereby diminishing recombination rates and augmenting the efficiency of the photocatalytic degradation process. Notably, organic pollutants such as methylene blue and azithromycin exhibit degradation levels of 96.0% and 92.6%, respectively, within a timeframe of 25 and 60 min. The incorporation of PVDF/T-ZnO results in an approximate 40% enhancement in the degradation rate of organic substances compared to the use of T-ZnO in isolation. Furthermore, the composite fabric showcases exceptional antibacterial efficacy, effectively inhibiting the proliferation of Staphylococcus aureus. Experimental findings reveal that the average antibacterial zone diameter of the PVDF/T-ZnO fabric measures at 7.68 mm, significantly surpassing that of the T-ZnO fabric and nonwoven fabric. Given its remarkable self-cleaning and antibacterial attributes, the PVDF/T-ZnO fabric exhibits substantial potential for diverse applications, including the development of intelligent masks tailored for deployment in healthcare settings and polluted environments.
Numerical simulation of electric field-induced phase transition evolution and boiling characteristics in the evaporative cooling medium C6F12O
Authors: Tian Shuangshuang , Wang Jiahao , Wu Yingyu , Hu Feng , Luo Yongchao , Zhang Chaohai , Gao Shen , Yuan Zian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Phase change cooling technology offers high cooling efficiency, safety, and reliability, representing a novel approach to achieving efficient heat dissipation for high-power and large-capacity electrical equipment. The formulation of the cooling medium is pivotal to phase change cooling technology. However, current media exhibit compatibility, stability, economy, and environmental friendliness deficiencies. Consideration could be given to implementing the C6F12O medium due to its superior overall performance and ability to meet the latent heat requirements in phase change cooling equipment. This paper employs a numerical simulation approach that combines the phase field method based on the Cahn-Hilliard equation with the theory of electrohydrodynamics. It investigates the impact of temperature, electric field intensity, and electric field direction on the evolution of bubble motion and the boiling state of the C6F12O medium, considering the interaction of electric-fluid-heat-phase fields. Numerical results indicate that the system undergoes initial nucleate boiling, nucleate boiling, and film boiling stages at T = 330–335 K, T = 335–350 K, and T ⩾ 355 K, respectively. The introduction of an appropriate electric field can enhance the motion evolution of C6F12O bubbles. However, attention must be paid to the formation of bubble channels under high field strength to prevent potential decreases in insulation performance. An inhomogeneous electric field in the vertical direction proves more effective in improving the bubble release rate compared to a uniform electric field. To some extent, an inhomogeneous electric field in the horizontal direction can prevent the mass accumulation of bubbles in regions of high field intensity. This research has the potential to offer theoretical guidance for the engineering application of the C6F12O phase change cooling medium.