bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Left ventricle enlargement and increased systolic velocity in the mitral valve are indirect markers of the hepatopulmonary syndrome
Authors: Pouriki Sophia , Alexopoulou Alexandra , Chrysochoou Christina , Raftopoulos Leonidas , Papatheodoridis George , Stefanadis Christodoulos , Pectasides Dimitrios 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Background and aims: Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) has been associated with left atrial enlargement, but the presence of other markers of left and right diastolic and/or systolic cardiac dysfunction has not been clarified. We prospectively evaluated the possible associations between echocardiographical‐Doppler findings and HPS.
Methods: Seventy‐nine cirrhotic patients without endogenous heart or pulmonary disease were included. HPS was diagnosed by the presence of increased arterial–alveolar‐difference and intrapulmonary right‐to‐left shunt at contrast‐enhanced transthoracic echocardiography. Echocardiographical systolic and diastolic indices, tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of mitral and tricuspid annular motion and M‐mode echocardiography measurements were recorded.
Results: Hepatopulmonary syndrome was diagnosed in 12 (15.2%) patients. Patients with compared with those without HPS had significantly younger age, albumin levels and saturation of oxygen (SaO2) in an erect position, but higher left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), ejection fraction, E‐wave peak velocity of tricuspid valve, left atrial volume, TDI E wave (early diastolic period) at the right free wall/tricuspid annulus (cm/s) and TDI S wave (systolic) at the left lateral wall/mitral annulus (TDI Smv). In multivariate analysis, the presence of HPS was found to be independently associated with younger age (P=0.027), lower SaO2 in an erect position (P=0.023), higher LVEDD (P=0.019) and higher TDI Smv (P=0.026). LVEDD and TDI Smv offered good diagnostic accuracy for HPS diagnosis (AUROC/c‐statistic: 0.724 and 0.736 respectively).
Conclusions: We confirmed that in patients with cirrhosis, the development of HPS is associated with higher cardiac output and hyperdynamic circulation. Left ventricle enlargement and higher systolic velocity in the mitral valve represent satisfactory indirect markers of HPS.
Shock pattern solutions for viscous-collisional plasma ion acoustic waves in view of the linear theory of the non-equilibrium thermodynamics
Authors: Abourabia Aly M. , Shahein Rabab A. 
Published: July 2011

In the framework of irreversible thermodynamics, we study nonlinear ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) in viscous and collisional plasmas. Electrons, which form the background, are assumed to be nonthermal. On account of ion viscosity and ion-electron collisions, we investigate using ion fluid equations. We study the effects of the nonthermally distributed electrons β and the temperature ratio σ (= Ti/Te) on the stability, where the stability for Burger’s equation is analyzed by two methods: the phase portrait method and irreversible thermodynamics relations at different values of σ and β. We usa a reductive perturbation technique, where the nonlinear evolution of an IAW is governed by the driven Burger equation. This equation is solved exactly by using two methods: the tanh-function method and the Cole–Hopf transformation. Both methods produce shock wave solutions, their results compared, and good agreement exists in most predictions. The analytical calculations show that an IAW propagates as a shock wave with subsonic speed. The flow velocity, pressure, number density, electrostatic potential, and thermodynamic characteristics are estimated and illustrated as functions of time t and the distance x. It is found via the tanh-function method that the amplitudes of the sought-for functions of the system are suppressed and move towards an equilibrium state at the highest value of β. The tanh-function method reveals an advantage over the Cole–Hopf method in the viscous and collisional cases of IAWs, where it satisfies the stability conditions at the highest value of β with the chosen σ values when applied to evaluate the Onsager relation.
Energies and Auger widths of the high-lying double-excited states for Be-like neon
Authors: Zhuo Lin , Gou Bing-Cong , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2011

Energies and Auger widths of high-lying doubly-excited states 1s23lnl′ (n = 3–6) for Be-like neon are calculated using a saddle-point variational method and saddle-point complex-rotation method. The relativistic corrections and mass polarization are obtained with first-order perturbation theory. The configuration structure of the high-lying doubly-excited series is checked by relativistic perturbation corrections. The oscillator strengths and radiative transition probabilities are also calculated. Our results of energies and Auger widths are compared with the available theoretical results in the literature. Auger channel energies are compared with those from high-resolution electron spectroscopy. Excellent agreement is obtained in each state.
Development of Autoantibody Signatures as Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Chang Wenjun , Wu Lingling , Cao Fuao , Liu Yan , Ma Liye , Wang Mei , Zhao Dongbao , Li Ping , Zhang Qi , Tan Xiaojie , Yu Yongwei , Lou Zheng , Zhao Jinfeng , Zhang Hongwei , Fu Chuangang , Cao Guangwen 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPurpose: To select autoantibody signatures for early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC).Experimental Design: A phage cDNA expression library was constructed with fresh tumors from 30 CRC patients and biopanned by using serum pools of 20 CRC patients and 20 healthy controls. A classifier was discovered in the training set of 30 CRC patients at stages I and II and 30 matched healthy controls and then blindly validated in an independent set of 60 CRC patients, 60 healthy controls, 52 polyps patients, and 30 autoimmune diseases patients. Expression of proteins was examined by using immunohistochemistry.Results: Five-phage peptide clones showing higher discriminatory power than others in training set were selected for validation. The five-phage peptide classifier was able to discriminate between early CRC patients and healthy controls, with sensitivities of 90.0% to 92.7% and specificities of 91.7% to 93.3%. In those with serum carcinoembryonic antigen less than 5 ng/mL, the classifier was efficient in discriminating CRC from healthy controls, with an area under the curve of 0.975. The classifier was able to discriminate all of the 9 patients with serrated adenoma from healthy controls. Thirteen (43.3%) of the patients with autoimmune diseases were misclassified. Of the five phage peptides, one encoded a peptide identical to immunoglobulin G (IgG) heavy-chain constant region. IgG immunostaining was stronger in mesenchymal cells than in cancer cells in the tumors and was apparent in serrated adenoma.Conclusions: The five-phage peptide classifier stands out as promising early diagnostic biomarkers for CRC, but it is unsuitable for discriminating CRC from autoimmune diseases. Truncated IgGs generated from the tumors might be novel CRC-associated antigens. Clin Cancer Res; 17(17); 5715–24. ©2011 AACR.
PRAME-Specific Allo-HLA–Restricted T Cells with Potent Antitumor Reactivity Useful for Therapeutic T-Cell Receptor Gene Transfer
Authors: Amir Avital L. , van der Steen Dirk M. , van Loenen Marleen M. , Hagedoorn Renate S. , de Boer Renate , Kester Michel D.G. , de Ru Arnoud H. , Lugthart Gert-Jan , van Kooten Cees , Hiemstra Pieter S. , Jedema Inge , Griffioen Marieke , van Veelen Peter A. , Falkenburg J.H. Frederik , Heemskerk Mirjam H.M. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Purpose: In human leukocyte antigen (HLA)–matched stem cell transplantation (SCT), it has been shown that beneficial immune response mediating graft-versus-tumor (GVT) responses can be separated from graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) immune responses. In this study, we investigated whether it would be possible to dissect the beneficial immune response of allo-HLA–reactive T cells with potent antitumor reactivity from GVHD-inducing T cells present in the detrimental immune response after HLA-mismatched SCT.
Experimental Design: The presence of specific tumor-reactive T cells in the allo-HLA repertoire was analyzed at the time of severe GVHD after HLA-mismatched SCT, using tetramers composed of different tumor-associated antigens (TAA).
Results: High-avidity allo-HLA-restricted T cells specific for the TAA preferentially expressed antigen on melanomas (PRAME) were identified that exerted highly single-peptide–specific reactivity. The T cells recognized multiple different tumor cell lines and leukemic cells, whereas no reactivity against a large panel of nonmalignant cells was observed. These T cells, however, also exerted low reactivity against mature dendritic cells (DC) and kidney epithelial cells, which was shown to be because of low PRAME expression.
Conclusions: On the basis of potential beneficial specificity and high reactivity, the T-cell receptors of these PRAME-specific T cells may be effective tools for adoptive T-cell therapy. Clinical studies have to determine the significance of the reactivity observed against mature DCs and kidney epithelial cells. Clin Cancer Res; 17(17); 5615–25. ©2011 AACR.
Route of Administration Modulates the Induction of Dendritic Cell Vaccine–Induced Antigen-Specific T Cells in Advanced Melanoma Patients
Authors: Lesterhuis W. Joost , de Vries I. Jolanda M. , Schreibelt Gerty , Lambeck Annechien J.A. , Aarntzen Erik H.J.G. , Jacobs Joannes F.M. , Scharenborg Nicole M. , van de Rakt Mandy W.M.M. , de Boer Annemiek J. , Croockewit Sandra , van Rossum Michelle M. , Mus Roel , Oyen Wim J.G. , Boerman Otto C. , Lucas Sophie , Adema Gosse J. , Punt Cornelis J.A. , Figdor Carl G. 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Purpose: It is unknown whether the route of administration influences dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy. We compared the effect of intradermal versus intranodal administration of a DC vaccine on induction of immunologic responses in melanoma patients and examined whether concomitant administration of interleukin (IL)-2 increases the efficacy of the DC vaccine.
Experimental Design: HLA-A2.1+ melanoma patients scheduled for regional lymph node dissection were vaccinated four times biweekly via intradermal or intranodal injection with 12 × 106 to 17 × 106 mature DCs loaded with tyrosinase and gp100 peptides together with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH). Half of the patients also received low-dose IL-2 (9 MIU daily for 7 days starting 3 days after each vaccination). KLH-specific B- and T-cell responses were monitored in blood. gp100- and tyrosinase-specific T-cell responses were monitored in blood by tetramer analysis and in biopsies from delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin tests by tetramer and functional analyses with 51Cr release assays or IFNγ release, following coculture with peptide-pulsed T2 cells or gp100- or tyrosinase-expressing tumor cells.
Results: In 19 of 43 vaccinated patients, functional tumor antigen–specific T cells could be detected. Although significantly more DCs migrated to adjacent lymph nodes upon intranodal vaccination, this was also highly variable with a complete absence of migration in 7 of 24 intranodally vaccinated patients. Intradermal vaccinations proved superior in inducing functional tumor antigen–specific T cells. Coadministration of IL-2 did not further augment the antigen-specific T-cell response but did result in higher regulatory T-cell frequencies.
Conclusion: Intradermal vaccination resulted in superior antitumor T-cell induction when compared with intranodal vaccination. No advantage of additional IL-2 treatment could be shown. Clin Cancer Res; 17(17); 5725–35. ©2011 AACR.
Affective Processes in Human–Automation Interactions
Authors: Merritt Stephanie M. 
Published: July 2011

Objective: This study contributes to the literature on automation reliance by illuminating the influences of user moods and emotions on reliance on automated systems. Background: Past work has focused predominantly on cognitive and attitudinal variables, such as perceived machine reliability and trust. However, recent work on human decision making suggests that affective variables (i.e., moods and emotions) are also important. Drawing from the affect infusion model, significant effects of affect are hypothesized. Furthermore, a new affectively laden attitude termed liking is introduced. Method: Participants watched video clips selected to induce positive or negative moods, then interacted with a fictitious automated system on an X-ray screening task. At five time points, important variables were assessed including trust, liking, perceived machine accuracy, user self-perceived accuracy, and reliance. These variables, along with propensity to trust machines and state affect, were integrated in a structural equation model. Results: Happiness significantly increased trust and liking for the system throughout the task. Liking was the only variable that significantly predicted reliance early in the task. Trust predicted reliance later in the task, whereas perceived machine accuracy and user self-perceived accuracy had no significant direct effects on reliance at any time. Conclusion: Affective influences on automation reliance are demonstrated, suggesting that this decision-making process may be less rational and more emotional than previously acknowledged. Application: Liking for a new system may be key to appropriate reliance, particularly early in the task. Positive affect can be easily induced and may be a lever for increasing liking.
The Evaluation of Traditional and Early Driver Training With Simulated Accident Scenarios
Authors: Damm Loïc , Nachtergaële Claudine , Meskali Mohamed , Berthelon Catherine 
Published: July 2011

Objective: We assessed the driving skills of novice traditionally trained, novice early-trained, and experienced drivers to evaluate whether supervised early training could improve young drivers’ skills. Background: The overall representation of young male drivers in car crashes is a recurrent problem in developed countries. To prevent this overrepresentation, France institutes an early driver training program from the age of 16 with the supervision of an adult. However, evidence of the positive effects of this system is still lacking. Method: Three groups of drivers (12 participants each) were confronted with five prototypical accident scenarios introduced in a simulated urban circuit. Drivers’ response time, speed, and vehicle position in the lane were analyzed. Results: No difference was detected across groups regarding obstacle detection, as revealed by the analysis of response times. But in some unexpected scenarios, position control by traditionally trained drivers was more conservative than for more experienced drivers, and early-trained drivers were far more likely to respond with efficient evasive action. Conclusion: The exposure gained by an early training program could thus increase the development of visuomotor coordination and involve better skills in challenging situations. Application: The supplementary driving experience gained with the supervision of an adult during early training could promote the skills necessary to deal with risky situations. Driving simulators could be used to confront young drivers with a broad range of hazardous scenarios not commonly encountered in natural driving.
The Importance of the Recognition and Treatment of Glenoid Bone Loss in an Athletic Population
Authors: Bhatia Sanjeev , Ghodadra Neil S. , Romeo Anthony A. , Bach Bernard R. , Verma Nikhil N. , Vo Samantha T. , Provencher Matthew T. 
Published: July 2011

Context: Osseous injury to the glenoid is increasingly being recognized as one of the most important aspects in the successful management of recurrent shoulder instability. Proper early recognition of glenoid bone injury in the setting of recurrent instability will lead to successful nonoperative and operative decision making, particularly in the athletic patient. Evidence Acquisition: We conducted a MEDLINE search on shoulder instability from 2000 to 2010. The emphasis was placed on patient-oriented Level 1 literature from 2000 to 2010. Results: After a traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder, the most common structural injury is an avulsion of the anteroinferior capsulolabrum, which is also known as a Bankart lesion. If this specific injury is accompanied by an associated fracture in the glenoid rim, the term bony Bankart lesion is more applicable. With diminished articular constraints, the glenohumeral joint is subject to recurrent instability, thereby potentiating the bony injury cycle. Additionally, patients with osseous defects usually complain of instability within the midranges of motion, or they recall a progression of instability. If glenoid bone loss is present, the humeral head often easily subluxates over the glenoid in the midranges of abduction (30°-90°) and lower levels of external rotation. Imaging workup should begin with plain radiographs, but advanced imaging should be obtained if there is any suspicion of bone loss. Treatment includes both nonoperative and operative interventions. Conclusions: Estimation of the amount of glenoid bone loss and the failure of nonoperative care is essential for guiding management, patient expectations, and surgical decision making.
Detection of copy number variations in rice using array-based comparative genomic hybridization
Authors: Yu Ping , Wang Caihong , Xu Qun , Feng Yue , Yuan Xiaoping , Yu Hanyong , Wang Yiping , Tang Shengxiang , Wei Xinghua 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
Copy number variations (CNVs) can create new genes, change gene dosage, reshape gene structures, and modify elements regulating gene expression. As with all types of genetic variation, CNVs may influence phenotypic variation and gene expression. CNVs are thus considered major sources of genetic variation. Little is known, however, about their contribution to genetic variation in rice.

Results
To detect CNVs, we used a set of NimbleGen whole-genome comparative genomic hybridization arrays containing 718,256 oligonucleotide probes with a median probe spacing of 500 bp. We compiled a high-resolution map of CNVs in the rice genome, showing 641 CNVs between the genomes of the rice cultivars 'Nipponbare' (from O. sativa ssp. japonica) and 'Guang-lu-ai 4' (from O. sativa ssp. indica). The CNVs identified vary in size from 1.1 kb to 180.7 kb, and encompass approximately 7.6 Mb of the rice genome. The largest regions showing copy gain and loss are of 37.4 kb on chromosome 4, and 180.7 kb on chromosome 8. In addition, 85 DNA segments were identified, including some genic sequences. Contracted genes greatly outnumbered duplicated ones. Many of the contracted genes corresponded to either the same genes or genes involved in the same biological processes; this was also the case for genes involved in disease and defense.

Conclusion
We detected CNVs in rice by array-based comparative genomic hybridization. These CNVs contain known genes. Further discussion of CNVs is important, as they are linked to variation among rice varieties, and are likely to contribute to subspecific characteristics.
The heterogeneous ribonuclear protein C interacts with the hepatitis delta virus small antigen
Authors: Casaca Ana , Fardilha Margarida , da Cruz e Silva Edgar , Cunha Celso 
Published: July 2011

Abstract

Background
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is considered to be a satellite virus of the Hepatitis B virus. The genome consists of a 1679 nt ssRNA molecule in which a single ORF was identified. This ORF codes for a unique protein, the Delta antigen (HDAg). During transcription, two forms, small (S-HDAg; p24) and large (L-HDAg; p27) of this antigen are derived as a result of an editing mechanism catalyzed by cellular adenosine deaminase 1. Despite its simplicity, little is still known about the host factors that interact with the virus RNA and antigens being to modulate virus replication.

Methods
A yeast two-hybrid screening of a human liver cDNA library, using the hepatitis delta virus (HDV) small antigen (S-HDAg) as bait, was performed. Blot overlay and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used in an attempt to confirm the interaction of hnRNPC and S-HDAg. siRNA knockdown assays of hnRNPC were performed to assess the effect on HDV antigen expression.

Results
Thirty known proteins were identified as S-HDAg interactors in the yeast two-hybrid screening. One of the identified proteins, hnRNPC, was found to interact with S-HDAg in vitro and in vivo in human liver cells. The interaction of the two proteins is mediated by the C-terminal half of the S-HDAg which contains a RNA-binding domain (aa 98-195). HDV RNA, S-HDAg, and hnRNPC, were also found to co-localize in the nucleus of human liver cells. Knockdown of hnRNPC mRNA using siRNAs resulted in a marked decreased expression of HDV antigens.

Conclusions
S-HDAg was found to interact with human liver proteins previously assigned to different functional categories. Among those involved in nucleic acid metabolism, hnRNPC was found to interact in vitro and in vivo in human liver cells. Similar to other RNA viruses, it seems plausible that hnRNPC may also be involved in HDV replication. However, further investigation is mandatory to clarify this question.
Inhibition of fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 alleviates experimental arthritis by reducing formation of dendritic cells and antigen presentation
Authors: Dehlin Mats , Andersson Sofia , Erlandsson Malin , Brisslert Mikael , Bokarewa Maria 
Published: July 2011

ABSTRACTTKs are intracellular signaling molecules essential for cell homeostasis. Inhibition of TKs is used in treatment of malignancies and diabetes mellitus. The present study evaluated the role of Flt3 in antigen-induced arthritis. Mice were immunized with mBSA, and arthritis was induced by an i.a. injection of mBSA. Treatment with the Flt3 inhibitor sunitinib was started together with mBSA immunization or together with the induction of arthritis. The mBSA-injected joints were evaluated morphologically for signs of synovitis and bone/cartilage destruction. Markers of bone metabolism and antibody responses were measured by ELISA. Maturation of DCs in the bone marrow and spleen was evaluated by flow cytometry. Sunitinib treatment reduced the intensity of synovitis and the incidence of bone destruction. The reduction in bone destruction was seen when the treatment was started at the time of immunization or at the time of arthritis induction. The antiarthritic effect was achieved by inhibition of DCs, reduction of antibody production, and bone metabolism. Inhibition of Flt3 is a potent antiarthritic mechanism reducing antigen presentation, synovial inflammation, and bone resorption. Down-regulation of TKs may be a useful tool in the treatment of human RA.