bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐Thermal Management in Filtered Selenium‐Terminated MXene Films for Flexible Safe Batteries
Authors: Pang Xin , Lee Hyunjin , Rong Jingzhi , Zhu Qiaoyu , Xu Shumao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLi‐ion batteries with superior interior thermal management are crucial to prevent thermal runaway and ensure safe, long‐lasting operation at high temperatures or during rapid discharging and charging. Typically, such thermal management is achieved by focusing on the separator and electrolyte. Here, the study introduces a Se‐terminated MXene free‐standing electrode with exceptional electrical conductivity and low infrared emissivity, synergistically combining high‐rate capacity with reduced heat radiation for safe, large, and fast Li+ storage. This is achieved through a one‐step organic Lewis acid‐assisted gas‐phase reaction and vacuum filtration. The Se‐terminated Nb2Se2C outperformed conventional disordered O/OH/F‐terminated materials, enhancing Li+‐storage capacity by ≈1.5 times in the fifth cycle (221 mAh·g−1 at 1 A·g−1) and improving mid‐infrared adsorption with low thermal radiation. These benefits result from its superior electrical conductivity, excellent structural stability, and high permittivity in the infrared region. Calculations further reveal that increased permittivity and conductivity along the z‐direction can reduce heat radiation from electrodes. This work highlights the potential of surface groups‐terminated layered material‐based free‐standing flexible electrodes with self‐thermal management ability for safe, fast energy storage.
Enhanced Light Absorption and Photo‐Generated Charge Separation Efficiency for Boosting Photocatalytic H2 Evolution through TiO2 Quantum Dots with N‐Doping and Concomitant Oxygen Vacancy
Authors: Pan Ziwei , Zhu Xi , Liu Yuxin , Yang Long , Jiao Mingyang , Kang Shuai , Luo Jinling , Fu Xie , Lu Wenqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLow‐range light absorption and rapid recombination of photo‐generated charge carriers have prevented the occurrence of effective and applicable photocatalysis for decades. Quantum dots (QDs) offer a solution due to their size‐controlled photon properties and charge separation capabilities. Herein, well‐dispersed interstitial nitrogen‐doped TiO2 QDs with stable oxygen vacancies (N‐TiO2−x‐VO) are fabricated by using a low‐temperature, annealing‐assisted hydrothermal method. Remarkably, electrostatic repulsion prevented aggregation arising from negative charges accumulated in situ on the surface of N‐TiO2−x‐VO, enabling complete solar spectrum utilization (200–800 nm) with a 2.5 eV bandgap. Enhanced UV‐vis photocatalytic H2 evolution rate (HER) reached 2757 µmol g−1 h−1, 41.6 times higher than commercial TiO2 (66 µmol g−1 h−1). Strikingly, under visible light, HER rate was 189 µmol g−1 h−1. Experimental and simulated studies of mechanisms reveal that VO can serve as an electron reservoir of photo‐generated charge carriers on N‐doped active sites, and consequently, enhance the separation rate of exciton pairs. Moreover, the negative free energy (−0.35 V) indicates more favorable thermodynamics for HER as compared with bulk TiO2 (0.66 V). This research work paves a new way of developing efficient photocatalytic strategies of HER that are applicable in the sustainable carbon‐zero energy supply.
Chiral Self‐Sorting, Spontaneous Resolution, and Hierarchical Self‐Assembly in Metal–Organic Cages
Authors: Ghorai Sandipan , Natarajan Ramalingam 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ability to collectively program chiral recognition and the hierarchical self‐assembly of molecular and supramolecular building blocks into complex higher‐order superstructures is a significant goal in supramolecular chemistry. Metal–organic cages are excellent model systems to examine chiral self‐sorting and build hierarchical self‐assembly. Herein, details on how limiting the conformational flexibility and incorporating hydrogen bonding functional groups in the ligands can influence chiral self‐sorting and hierarchical self‐assembly of metal–organic cages are reported. The urea‐functionalized axially chiral bis‐pyridyl ligands afford high‐fidelity in chiral self‐sorting in Pd2L4 cages, when they have fewer conformations. Ligand L1, with more conformations, affords mixture of heterochiral and homochiral cages (≈70:30). Among them, the heterochiral cage adopts unusual twisted conformation and self‐assembles into 2D sheets, linked by anion coordination between urea and nitrate. Ligand L2, with fewer conformations, affords homochiral cages via high‐fidelity chiral self‐sorting. The choice of counter anions influences further self‐sorting in the solid state: racemate with PF6− and spontaneously resolves conglomerate with BF4−. Urea‐BF4 hydrogen bonding directs hierarchical self‐assembly of the Pd2L4 metal–organic cages into super‐cubic networks. The study introduces a new approach in hierarchical self‐assembly of metal–organic cages into higher‐order networks aided by hydrogen bonding anion coordination with functional ligands.
In Situ Constructed Spinel Layer Stabilized Upcycled LiCoO2 for High Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Sun Sisheng , Fan Ersha , Wang Hongyi , Lv Xiaowei , Zhang Xiaodong , Chen Renjie , Wu Feng , Li Li 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith ever‐increasing requirements for cathodes in the lithium‐ion batteries market, an efficiency and eco‐friendly upcycling regeneration strategy is imperative to meet the demand for high‐performance cathode materials. Herein, a facile, direct and upcycling regeneration strategy is proposed to restore the failed LiCoO2 and enhance the stability at 4.6 V. Double effects combination of relithiation and outside surface reconstruction are simultaneously achieved via a facile solid‐phase sintering method. The evolution process of the Li‐supplement and grain‐recrystallization is systematically investigated, and the high performance of the upcycled materials at high voltage is comprehensively demonstrated. Thanks to the favorable spinel LiCoxMn2−xO4 surface coating, the upcycled sample displays outstanding electrochemical performance, superior to the pristine cathode materials. Notably, the 1% surface‐coated LiCoO2 achieves a high discharge‐specific capacity of 207.9 mA h g−1 at 0.1 C and delivers excellent cyclability with 77.0% capacity retention after 300 cycles. Significantly, this in situ created spinel coating layer can be potentially utilized for recycling spent LiCoO2, thus providing a viable, promising recycling strategy insights into the upcycling of degraded cathodes.
Multimaterial 3D Laser Printing of Cell‐Adhesive and Cell‐Repellent Hydrogels
Authors: Schwegler Niklas , Gebert Tanisha , Villiou Maria , Colombo Federico , Schamberger Barbara , Selhuber‐Unkel Christine , Thomas Franziska , Blasco Eva 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHere, a straightforward method is reported for manufacturing 3D microstructured cell‐adhesive and cell‐repellent multimaterials using two‐photon laser printing. Compared to existing strategies, this approach offers bottom‐up molecular control, high customizability, and rapid and precise 3D fabrication. The printable cell‐adhesive polyethylene glycol (PEG) based material includes an Arg‐Gly‐Asp (RGD) containing peptide synthesized through solid‐phase peptide synthesis, allowing for precise control of the peptide design. Remarkably, minimal amounts of RGD peptide (< 0.1 wt%) suffice for imparting cell‐adhesiveness, while maintaining identical mechanical properties in the 3D printed microstructures to those of the cell‐repellent, PEG‐based material. Fluorescent labeling of the RGD peptide facilitates visualization of its presence in cell‐adhesive areas. To demonstrate the broad applicability of the system, the fabrication of cell‐adhesive 2.5D and 3D structures is shown, fostering the adhesion of fibroblast cells within these architectures. Thus, this approach allows for the printing of high‐resolution, true 3D structures suitable for diverse applications, including cellular studies in complex environments.
The Micron‐Droplet‐Confined Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Freestanding High‐Entropy‐Alloy Nanoparticles by Flame Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Luo Lingli , Ju Jie , Xi Menghua , Wu Yingjie , Mao Ningxuan , Yan Shaojiu , Wei Zhong , Jiang Hao , Li Yuhang , Hu Yanjie , Li Chunzhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlloying multiple immiscible elements into a nanoparticle with single‐phase solid solution structure (high‐entropy‐alloy nanoparticles, HEA‐NPs) merits great potential. To date, various kinds of synthesis techniques of HEA‐NPs are developed; however, a continuous‐flow synthesis of freestanding HEA‐NPs remains a challenge. Here a micron‐droplet‐confined strategy by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) to achieve the continuous‐flow synthesis of freestanding HEA‐NPs, is proposed. The continuous precursor solution undergoes gas shearing and micro‐explosion to form nano droplets which act as the micron‐droplet‐confined reactors. The ultrafast evolution (<5 ms) from droplets to <10 nm nanoparticles of binary to septenary alloys is achieved through thermodynamic and kinetic control (high temperature and ultrafast colling). Among them, the AuPtPdRuIr HEA‐NPs exhibit excellent electrocatalytic performance for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction with 23 mV overpotential to achieve 10 mA cm−2, which is twofold better than that of the commercial Pt/C. It is anticipated that the continuous‐flow synthesis by FSP can introduce a new way for the continuous synthesis of freestanding HEA‐NP with a high productivity rate.
A Functional “Key” Amplified Piezoelectric Effect Modulates ROS Storm with an Open Source for Multimodal Synergistic Cancer Therapy
Authors: Yu Chenghao , Li Jialin , Zang Pengyu , Feng Lili , Tian Boshi , Zhao Ruoxi , Xie Ying , Wu Linzhi , Chen Zhigang , Yang Piaoping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) is a non‐invasive strategy for generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is promising for cancer treatment. However, increasing ROS in tumor therapy remains challenging. Therefore, exogenous excitation and inhibition of electron‐hole pair recombination are attractive for modulating ROS storms in tumors. Herein, a Ce‐doped BiFeO3 (CBFO) piezoelectric sonosensitizer to modulate ROS generation and realize a synergistic mechanism of CDT/sonodynamic therapy and piezodynamic therapy (PzDT) is proposed. The mixed Fe2+ and Ce3+ can implement a circular Fenton/Fenton‐like reaction in the tumor microenvironment. Abundant ·OH can be generated by ultrasound (US) stimulation to enhance CDT efficacy. As a typical piezoelectric sonosensitizer, CBFO can produce O2− owing to the enhanced polarization by the US, resulting in the motion of charge carriers. In addition, CBFO can produce a piezoresponse irradiated upon US, which accelerates the migration rate of electrons/holes in opposite directions and results in energy band bending, further achieving toxic ROS production and realizing PzDT. Density functional theory calculations confirmed that Ce doping shortens the diffusion of electrons and improves the conductivity and catalytic activity of CBFO. This distinct US‐enhanced strategy emphasizes the effects of doping engineering and piezoelectric‐optimized therapy and shows great potential for the treatment of malignant tumors.
Droplet‐Pen Writing of Ultra‐Uniform Graphene Pattern for Multi‐Spectral Applications
Authors: Liao Qihua , Cheng Huhu , Qu Liangti 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArtificial optical patterns bring wide benefits in applications like structural color display, photonic camouflage, and electromagnetic cloak. Their scalable coating on large‐scale objects will greatly enrich the multimodal‐interactive society. Here, a droplet‐pen writing (DPW) method to directly write multi‐spectral patterns of thin‐film graphene is reported. By amphiphilicity regulations of 2D graphene nanosheets, ultra‐uniform and ultrathin films can spontaneously form on droplet caps and pave to the substrate, thus inducing optical interference. This allows the on‐surface patterning by pen writing of droplets. Specifically, drop‐on‐demand thin films are achieved with millimeter lateral size and uniformity up to 97% in subwavelength thickness (<100 nm), corresponding to an aspect ratio of over 30 000. The pixelated thin‐film patterns of disks and lines in an 8‐inch wafer scale are demonstrated, which enable low‐emittance structural color paintings. Furthermore, the applications of these patterns for dual‐band camouflage and infrared‐to‐visible encryption are investigated. This study highlights the potential of 2D material self‐assembly in the large‐scale preparation and multi‐spectral application of thin film‐based optical patterns.
Moral and managerial perspectives on cooperatives: Towards a Luhmannian reconciliation
Authors: Valentinov Vladislav , Iliopoulos Constantine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe recent literature on cooperatives includes two distinct and partly conflicting strands. The moral strand emphasizes cooperatives as a sustainable alternative to shareholder capitalism, while the managerial one problematizes the maintenance organizational costs that must be incurred by these organizations. To reconcile the disparity between these strands, we develop a Luhmannian view of how cooperatives navigate the precarious relationship between the economic function system and the societal environment. On this basis, we show that the maintenance organizational costs plaguing many cooperatives are indicative of an imperfect business case for providing a sustainable alternative to shareholder capitalism. Consequently, we view these costs as a reflection of the heightened managerial challenges involved in pursuing elevated moral objectives.
Interpretable machine learning model for shear strength estimation of circular concrete‐filled steel tubes
Authors: Mansouri Ali , Mansouri Maryam , Mangalathu Sujith 
Published: May 2024

SummaryPrecise estimation of the shear strength of concrete‐filled steel tubes (CFSTs) is a crucial requirement for the design of these members. The existing design codes and empirical equations are inconsistent in predicting the shear strength of these members. This paper provides a data‐driven approach for the shear strength estimation of circular CFSTs. For this purpose, the authors evaluated and compared the performance of nine machine learning (ML) methods, namely linear regression, decision tree (DT), k‐nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), bagging regression (BR), adaptive boosting (AdaBoost), gradient boosting regression tree (GBRT), and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) in estimating the shear strength of CFSTs on an experimental database compiled from the results of 230 shear tests on CFSTs in the literature. For each model, hyperparameter tuning was performed by conducting a grid search in combination with k‐fold cross‐validation (CV). Comparing the nine methods in terms of several performance measures showed that the XGBoost model was the most accurate in predicting the shear strength of CFSTs. This model also showed superior accuracy in predicting the shear strength of CFSTs when compared to the formulas provided in design codes and the existing empirical equations. The Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) technique was also used to interpret the results of the XGBoost model. Using SHAP, the features with the greatest impact on the shear strength of CFSTs were found to be the cross‐sectional area of the steel tube, the axial load ratio, and the shear span ratio, in that order.
Optimal sensor placement for joint reconstruction of multiscale responses and unknown inputs using modal Kalman filter
Authors: He Jia , Tong Zhuohui , Zhang Xiaoxiong , Chen Zhengqing 
Published: May 2024

SummaryMany optimal sensor placement (OSP) techniques have been developed basing on known external loads. However, it is often difficult to obtain excitation measurements. Therefore, the development of OSP under unknown inputs (OSP‐UI) is desirable. In this paper, based on modal Kalman filter (MKF), an OSP‐UI approach (MKF‐OSP‐UI) is proposed for optimally determining the number and locations of multitype sensors with the aim of minimizing the reconstructed responses errors. An MKF‐based approach previously developed by the authors is first employed for estimating multiscale structural responses and unknown loads. Then, an error covariance matrix is defined as a measure of the differences between the reconstructed responses and the corresponding actual ones. By using the covariance matrix of measurement noise for normalization, the ill‐conditioning problem caused by data fusion of multiscale responses is avoided. The sensors that have few contributions to the reconstructed responses are removed from the candidate set during iteration procedure. The sensor placement is finally determined when the estimation errors are below the preset level. Numerical results show that the sensor configuration determined by the proposed approach has a better performance on the joint estimation of multiscale responses and unknown inputs, as compared with that determined by experience.
Testing seed germination from herbaria: Application of seed quality enhancement techniques and implication for plant resurrection and conservation
Authors: Albani Rocchetti Giulia , Brancaleoni Lisa , Caneva Giulia , Cona Alessandra , Fabrini Giuseppe , Fraudentali Ilaria , Galasso Gabriele , Godefroid Sandrine , Iberite Mauro , Lastrucci Lorenzo , Loze Laurence , Mayer Alfred , Mondoni Andrea , Orsenigo Simone , Porro Francesco , Stauffer Fred , Rimessi Alice , Tilia Agnese , Volpi Annarita , Abeli Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHerbaria are an important source of data and material useful in many fields, including plant conservation. Seeds preserved in herbarium specimens may have the potential to germinate, although few studies focused on this topic. Here, the first systematic assessment of six techniques, including priming techniques and melatonin application, aimed at improving the germination of seeds from herbarium specimens is presented. Seed germination of 26 species common in Europe, some of which congeneric to extinct species, collected in herbaria and in the wild (20,549 seeds in total, including 19,509 from 297 herbarium specimens from 8 different herbaria) was tested with the following treatments: exogenous melatonin addition to the germination medium, priming with melatonin, osmopriming, hydropriming for 24 and 48 hours, standard soil, heat sterilization and gibberellins addition. More than 85% of the fresh seeds and 1% of the seeds collected in herbaria germinated, including seeds older than 50 years. Data show that treatment with exogenous melatonin had a positive effect on the germination of fresh seeds, but a negative effect on the germination of herbarium‐derived seeds. Furthermore, osmopriming treatment had a slightly positive effect on the germination of herbarium‐derived seeds. Osmopriming and exogenous melatonin addition seem to be promising techniques that need further investigation and improvement and might be useful for the development of an optimal germination protocol for old and herbarium‐derived seeds. The germination of seeds from herbaria could be an important tool in plant conservation, with the aim of reversing the extinction trend of many species through de‐extinction, safeguarding biodiversity, and genetic variability. This study provides preliminary data for the development of germination protocols, especially for old seeds of species of conservation interest, to maximise the chance of recovering lost genetic diversity and leading to the first de‐extinction ever.
Solitary eosinophilic granulocytic sarcoma in a dog
Authors: Hu Shou‐Ping , Xiao Fei , Zhang Zhuo , Jiang Yan , Mao Dong‐Sheng , Wang Jing‐Fei , He Xi‐Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA 6‐year‐old male golden retriever presented with swelling of the left upper eyelid of 2 months duration, which did not improve following a course of antibiotics. Routine serum biochemistry, complete blood count and diagnostic imaging identified no clinically significant abnormalities. The mass was surgically excised, and histopathologic examination was performed. Eosinophilic granulocytic sarcoma (GS) was diagnosed based on the results of histopathology and immunohistochemistry. This is the first report of GS affecting the eyelid of a dog.
Total mastectomy in severe necrotic mastitis in a pet goat complicated by a post‐operative generalised emphysema
Authors: Marzel Rok , Jože Starič , Lena Veren Geč , Primož Klinc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA total mastectomy was the treatment of choice in a 10‐year‐old pet doe Pika with a history of severe necrotic mastitis secondary to a precocious udder. Following an elliptical skin incision, the mammary tissue was bluntly excised. Because of a large surgical defect, severe skin tension was needed to close the wound completely. A passive drain was placed in the surgical site to remove excess fluid, and the animal received antibiotic and anti‐inflammatory treatment. On the fifth day after the surgery, the drain was removed and palpation revealed an extensive subcutaneous emphysema at the surgical site as well as the back and neck of the animal. The antibiotic treatment was prolonged, and the animal kept for observation. After 3 weeks, the wound had healed completely, and the doe was discharged.
Co‐perceiving: Bringing the social into perception
Authors: Deroy Ophelia , Longin Louis , Bahrami Bahador 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHumans and other animals possess the remarkable ability to effectively navigate a shared perceptual environment by discerning which objects and spaces are perceived by others and which remain private to themselves. Traditionally, this capacity has been encapsulated under the umbrella of joint attention or joint action. In this comprehensive review, we advocate for a broader and more mechanistic understanding of this phenomenon, termed co‐perception. Co‐perception encompasses the sensitivity to the perceptual engagement of others and the capability to differentiate between objects perceived privately and those perceived commonly with others. It represents a distinct concept from mere simultaneous individual perception. Moreover, discerning between private and common objects doesn't necessitate intricate mind‐reading abilities or mutual coordination. The act of perceiving objects as either private or common provides a comprehensive account for social scenarios where individuals simply share the same context or may even engage in competition. This conceptual framework encourages a re‐examination of classical paradigms that demonstrate social influences on perception. Furthermore, it suggests that the impacts of shared experiences extend beyond affective responses, also influencing perceptual processes.This article is categorized under:
Psychology > Attention
Philosophy > Foundations of Cognitive Science
Philosophy > Psychological Capacities