bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and Cognitive Correlates of Psychiatric Comorbidity in Delusional Disorder Outpatients
Authors: de Portugal Enrique , Martínez Covadonga , González Nieves , del Amo Victoria , Haro Josep M. , Cervilla Jorge A. 
Published: March 2011

Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence, as well as the clinical, cognitive, and functional correlates of psychiatric comorbidity in patients with delusional disorder (DD). Methods: Eighty-six outpatients with DSM-IV DD were evaluated for psychiatric comorbidity on Axis I disorders using the Mini International Neuropsychiatry Interview (MINI). The following instruments were administered: the Standardized Assessment of Personality (SAP), the Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS), the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), a neuropsychological battery (consisting of measures for attention, verbal and working memory, and executive functions), the Sheehan Disability Inventory (SDI), and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. A socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire was also completed. Results: Forty-six percent of the subjects had at least one additional lifetime psychiatric diagnosis, the most common being depressive disorders (N = 16, 32.6%), followed by anxiety disorders (N = 8, 14%). DD with comorbid Axis I disorders (N = 40, 46.5%) was associated with a specific syndromic constellation (more common cluster C personality psychopathology, somatic delusions, olfactory and gustatory hallucinations, and suicide risk), and greater severity of the psychopathology, particularly as regards emotional dysregulation (total and general PANSS scales, MADRS, and perceived stress SDI scoring). In contrast, DD without psychiatric comorbidity – “pure” DD – (N = 46, 53.5%) was associated with worse overall neurocognitive performance, mainly in working memory. There were no differences in functionality between the two groups (as per the GAF and SDI total, work, social and family life disability scores). Conclusions: Our findings reveal one type of DD with associated psychiatric comorbidity with greater emotion-related psychopathology and another “pure” DD, without psychiatric comorbidity, related to worse global cognitive functioning. Treatment for DD should address both types of processes.
Advances in the Krapcho Decarboxylation
Authors: Poon PO. S. , Banerjee Ajoy K. , Laya Manuel S. 
Published: March 2011

Po. S. Poon, who received her Doctorate degree in 2007 from Venezuelan Institute of Scientific Research (IVIC), is working at IVIC as an Investigator in the Department of Chemistry. Her research encompases the synthesis of terpenoid and bioactive compounds. She was received the Paula Prize from IVIC for her high academic achievement. Manuel S. Laya obtained his MSc degree in 1997 from IVIC and is now working as Research Associate in the Department of Organic Chemistry, IVIC. He has published more than 30 papers, most of which are related to synthetic studies on terpenoid compounds. Ajoy K. Banerjee, who received his PhD in 1965 from the University of Kolkata (India), joined IVIC in 1968. Since 1982 he has been working as Senior Research Scientist. Most of his work is related to synthetic studies on terpenoid compounds (diterpenes and sesquitepenes). He teaches organic chemistry and supervises students who join IVIC for MSc or PhD degrees. Dr Banerjee is the author of two books on organic chemistry, written in Spanish, and several papers. 1. Modifications 2. General features 3. Mechanism 4. Synthetic applications 5. Conclusion 6. References This review provides a brief description of the Krapcho dealkoxycarbonylation and its recent applications in the synthesis of organic compounds and natural products. The general features of the Krapcho reaction, its mechanism and several modifications of the Krapcho reaction are discussed.
Baseline CD4+ T-cell counts and weighted background susceptibility scores strongly predict response to maraviroc regimens in treatment-experienced patients
Authors: Schapiro Jonathan M , Boucher Charles AB , Kuritzkes Daniel R , van de Vijver David A , Llibre Josep M , Lewis Marilyn , Simpson Paul , Delogne Christophe , McFadyen Lynn , Chapman Douglass , Perros Manos , Valdez Hernan , van der Ryst Elna , Westby Mike 
Published: March 2011

Background Maraviroc-containing regimens are known to achieve virological suppression in many treatment-experienced patients. This study aimed to evaluate a more rigorous methodological approach to resistance–response analysis in large clinical studies and to better establish which subpopulations of patients were most likely to benefit from maraviroc by refining and extending previous subgroup analyses from the MOTIVATE studies. Methods Individual weighted optimized background therapy (OBT) susceptibility scores were calculated by combining genotypic or phenotypic resistance testing with prior drug use information. Virological response (HIV-1 RNA<50 copies/ml at week 48) using each of these methods was compared with a commonly used method of counting active drugs. Baseline predictors of virological response, including weighted or unweighted scoring, maraviroc use, baseline CD4+ T-cell count, HIV-1 plasma viral load and tropism, were assessed by logistic regression modelling. Results Genotypic or phenotypic weighted methods were similarly predictive of virological response and better than counting active drugs. Weighted scoring and baseline CD4+ T-cell count were the strongest predictors of virological response ( P<0.0001): -70% of maraviroc patients with a weighted score ≥2 had a virological response, rising to -80% when the baseline CD4+ T-cell count was ≥50 cells/mm3. Conclusions Approximately 80% of patients with a CD4+ T-cell count ≥50 cells/mm3 receiving maraviroc with the equivalent of at least two fully active agents achieved HIV-1 RNA<50 copies/ml at week 48 in the MOTIVATE studies. Genotypic and phenotypic weighted scores were similarly predictive of virological response.
Genetic Analysis of Scats Reveals Minimum Number and Sex of Recently Documented Mountain Lions
Authors: Naidu Ashwin , Smythe Lindsay A. , Thompson Ron W. , Culver Melanie 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Recent records of mountain lions Puma concolor and concurrent declines in desert bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis mexicana on Kofa National Wildlife Refuge in Arizona, United States, have prompted investigations to estimate the number of mountain lions occurring there. We performed noninvasive genetic analyses and identified species, individuals, and sex from scat samples collected from the Kofa and Castle Dome Mountains. From 105 scats collected, we identified a minimum of 11 individual mountain lions. These individuals consisted of six males, two females and three of unknown sex. Three of the 11 mountain lions were identified multiple times over the study period. These estimates supplement previously recorded information on mountain lions in an area where they were historically considered only transient. We demonstrate that noninvasive genetic techniques, especially when used in conjunction with camera-trap and radiocollaring methods, can provide additional and reliable information to wildlife managers, particularly on secretive species like the mountain lion.
Protective B Cell Responses to Flu—No Fluke!
Authors: Waffarn Elizabeth E. , Baumgarth Nicole 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe mechanisms regulating the induction and maintenance of B lymphocytes have been delineated extensively in immunization studies using proteins and hapten-carrier systems. Increasing evidence suggests, however, that the regulation of B cell responses induced by infections is far more complex. In this study, we review the current understanding of B cell responses induced following infection with influenza virus, a small RNA virus that causes the flu. Notably, the rapidly induced, highly protective, and long-lived humoral response to this virus is contributed by multiple B cell subsets, each generating qualitatively distinct respiratory tract and systemic responses. Some B cell subsets provide extensive cross-protection against variants of the ever-mutating virus, and each is regulated by the quality and magnitude of infection-induced innate immune signals. Knowledge gained from the analysis of such highly protective humoral response might provide a blueprint for successful vaccines and vaccination approaches.
Relationship between Distribution of Coronary Artery Lesions and Renal Artery Stenosis in Patients Undergoing Simultaneous Coronary and Renal Angiography
Authors: Salehi Negar , Firouzi Ata , Gholoobi Arash , Shakerian Farshad , Sanati Hamid-Reza , Ahmadabadi Mojde Nasiri , Moradi Masoud 
Published: March 2011

Aims We evaluated the relationship between distribution of lesions in coronary tree and atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (RAS). Methods and Results Data collected prospectively on 500 consecutive patients who underwent simultaneous renal angiography following coronary angiography. Overall prevalence of RAS was 26.2% (131 patients). Significant (≥ 50% luminal diameter stenosis) RAS was present in 70 patients (14%). In 346 individuals of the study population, significant CAD was present (69.2%). Significant RAS was more common (18.4%) in this group. Older age, higher intra-arterial systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) at the time of catheterization, and 3-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD) were associated with significant RAS in univariate analysis. Relationship between involved locations of coronary arteries [Left anterior descending (LAD), left circumflex (LCX), Right Coronary Artery (RCA), and their ostioproximal portions] and RAS were significant except for left main (LM) disease. In multivariate model, age more than 62 years, SBP greater than 150 mmHg, PP in excess of 60 mmHg and RCA involvement were independent predictors of significant RAS. Conclusion Simultaneous renal angiography following coronary angiography might be justified in patients with significant RCA disease who are older with increased levels of intra-arterial SBP and PP.
Gemfibrozil Improves Postprandial Hypertriglyceridemia in Patients with Isolated Low HDL
Authors: Kassem Hania S. , Zantout Mira S. , Azar Sami T. 
Published: March 2011

Aim To assess the response of postprandial (PP) hypertriglyceridemia to genfibrozil in healthy male subjects with isolated low HDL-Cholesterol but without the metabolic syndrome (MS). Patients and methods 14 male subjects with isolated low HDL (HDL-C ≤ 33), normal fasting triglycerides and LDL-C levels and without any feature of the MS, were studied. 13 male subjects with HDL-C > 38 mg/dl served as controls. They also had normal fasting triglycerides and LDL-C levels and without any feature of the MS. The 2 groups were statistically similar with respect to age, blood pressure, BMI, body fat composition, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, fasting insulin, fasting and PP blood sugar, baseline fasting TG level and baseline LDL-C. Postprandial TG levels were measured at 2, 4, and 6 hours following a morning meal. Ten of the patients with PP hypertriglyceridemia were treated with gemfibrozil 600 mg PO twice/day for one month. Results Patients had markedly higher levels of the peak PP TG at 4 hours compared to controls (296.0 ± 37.7 vs. 206.7 ± 29.9 mg/dl; P < 0.05) the other two postprandial levels were also higher in patients but the difference was not significant. Treatment with gemfibrozil significantly decreased the levels of fasting and postprandial TG and increased HDL-C by around 3.6 mg/dl (11.7%) without affecting LDL-C. Conclusion Postprandial increase in serum TG may be present in patients with isolated HDL-C without the MS. Treatment of patients with PP hypertriglyceridemia with gemfibrozil improves the low HDL-C and postprandial rise in TG.
Role of road traffic accidents and other traumatic events in the onset of chronic widespread pain: Results from a population‐based prospective study
Authors: Jones Gareth T. , Nicholl Barbara I. , McBeth John , Davies Kelly A. , Morriss Richard K. , Dickens Chris , Macfarlane Gary J. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the relationship between physically traumatic events and the onset of chronic widespread pain (CWP).MethodsThis was a case–control study nested within a large prospective cohort. CWP was determined, by questionnaire, as per the American College of Rheumatology fibromyalgia classification criteria. Data were also collected on psychological health, health behavior, and sleep problems. Participants without CWP were then followed up at 4 years, and (new‐onset) CWP was determined in the same manner. At followup, participants were also asked to report whether they had experienced any of a series of physically traumatic events between baseline and followup.ResultsA total of 2,069 individuals (46.6%) participated at followup, and 241 of these individuals (11.6%) reported CWP. More than one‐third of the study population reported at least 1 physically traumatic event; although these individuals were more likely to develop CWP, this relationship was completely attenuated after adjustment for confounding (odds ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval 0.73–1.40). However, there was some evidence to suggest that involvement in a road traffic accident, specifically, may confer an increase in the risk of CWP onset.ConclusionThis study provides support for the “at risk” phenotype hypothesis, where individuals characterized by poorer health and psychological variables may be predisposed to develop CWP following a traumatic trigger. However, although this has been seen with road traffic accidents, it is not the case with other events. Future research should examine what is peculiar about an accident, or about one's reaction to it, that confers this increase in the risk of CWP onset.
Domains of health‐related quality of life important and relevant to multiethnic English‐speaking Asian systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A focus group study
Authors: Ow Yen Ling Mandy , Thumboo Julian , Cella David , Cheung Yin Bun , Yong Fong Kok , Wee Hwee Lin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo identify health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) domains of importance to multiethnic Asian systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, to identify content gaps in existing SLE‐specific HRQOL measures, and to determine whether the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) item banks could serve as a core set of questions for HRQOL assessment among SLE patients.MethodsEnglish‐speaking patients with physician‐diagnosed SLE from a specialist clinic in a tertiary care hospital in Singapore and a patient support group were recruited. Thematic analysis was performed to distill themes from transcripts through open coding by 2 independent coders and axial coding for refinement of categories. Items from 3 existing SLE‐specific measures and PROMIS Version 1.0 Item Banks were compared with identified subthemes.ResultsTwenty‐seven female and 2 male participants (21 Chinese, 4 Malay, 3 Indian, 1 other) ages 23–62 years participated in 6 focus groups and 2 individual interviews, respectively. Twenty‐one domains and 92 subthemes were identified. Domains of family, relationships, stigma and discrimination, and freedom were unaddressed by existing SLE‐specific measures. Forty subthemes from 14 domains were addressed by the PROMIS Version 1.0 Item Banks (Physical Function, Pain, Fatigue, Sleep Disturbance, Sleep‐Related Impairment, Anger, Anxiety, and Depression banks).ConclusionFamily and stigma and discrimination (identified as content gaps) may be accentuated in the Asian sociocultural context. PROMIS item banks have tremendous potential to serve as a core set of items for HRQOL assessment in SLE patients. Additional items may be written to fill the gaps in existing PROMIS item banks.
Multilevel strategies for the retrofit of large‐scale industrial water system: A brewery case study
Authors: Tokos Hella , Pintarič Zorka Novak , Yang Yongrong , Kravanja Zdravko 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article presents an approach to designing a large‐scale water system, which integrates water‐using operations and wastewater treatment units in different production sections within the same network. This approach uses a mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model for water reuse and regeneration reuse in batch and semicontinuous processes. The application of this mathematical formulation to large‐scale industrial problems with changing daily production schedule leads to huge and complex mathematical models. Two alternative multilevel strategies are proposed to solve such problems by means of temporal decomposition. The approach is illustrated with a brewery case study that integrates water consumers in two production sections. The results obtained show that, despite the high piping cost, integration of both sections yields better result than the separate water network design in each section. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Partial and total monosomal karyotypes in myelodysplastic syndromes: Comparative prognostic relevance among 421 patients
Authors: Belli Carolina B. , Bengió Raquel , Aranguren Pedro Negri , Sakamoto Francisco , Flores María G. , Watman Nora , Nucifora Elsa , Prates María V. , Arbelbide Jorge , Larripa Irene 
Published: March 2011

AbstractMyelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) include a group of heterogeneous hematological disorders with a variable risk of leukemic evolution and short survival. Around 40–50% of patients show abnormal karyotypes that are mostly characterized by monosomies or deletions. Cytogenetic findings are an independent prognostic factor and the International prognostic scoring system (IPSS) differentiates three cytogenetic categories, despite the Intermediate one being heterogeneous. The aim of this study, including 421 Argentinean patients with primary MDS, is to characterize the cytogenetic profile, to test its prognostic value and to compare partial and monosomal karyotypes against other cytogenetic findings. An abnormal karyotype (median survival: 26 months) was observed in 176 patients. The presence of complex karyotypes, number of alterations, and the IPSS cytogenetic groups showed significant differences for predicting outcome. Behavior of patients with isolated deletions (median survival: 49 months) did not differ from those with normal karyotype (56 months, P = 0.654) or Good prognostic findings (43 months, P = 0.371). However, a worse prognosis was observed when another alteration was added (31 months, P = 0.043). Karyotypes with autosomal monosomies (median survival: 16 months) had a prognostic impact similar to other Poor cytogenetic findings (17 months, P = 0.626). In our population classified according to French‐American‐British (FAB) or World Health Organization (WHO), this new categorization of cytogenetic abnormalities, recognizing three different risk groups, showed an independent prognostic impact and a better discriminating power than the IPSS categories. It can be concluded that all isolate deletions (excluding 7q‐) are good prognostic findings and all monosomies (excluding Y chromosome loss) are bad indicators. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Observations of hand preference in wild groups of white‐faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia) in Suriname
Authors: Smith H.M. , Thompson C.L. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractHand preference is well observed in humans and some primates. Unlike many other primates, however, humans show a consistent hand preference across a variety of tasks, and a distinct right‐handed skew at the population level. Although there are a moderate number of published studies, primate hand preference literature is unbalanced by the large number of studies on only a few species. No previous studies have addressed hand preference in white‐faced sakis (WFS;Pithecia pithecia). We followed three habituated groups of wild WFS in Suriname and recorded individual hand preference for six different manual behaviors. There was no consistent hand preference across a range of uni‐manual behaviors for any individual. Likewise, there were significantly more ambidextrous individuals in the population than expected (χ2(df = 2) = 11.2,P= 0.004) and thus, no population level hand preference. Our findings contribute baseline data to the debate of primate hand lateralization, and support the notion that lateralization of hand function does not characterize all species. Am. J. Primatol. 73:655–664, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preparation of poly(ethylene terephthalate)‐based proton‐exchange membranes through the ultraviolet‐induced graft copolymerization of allyl methacrylate for applications in fuel cells
Authors: Khan Mohammad B. , Ahmed Mostak , Khan Mubarak A. , Alam Syed S. , Khan M. Anwar H. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe ultraviolet‐induced graft copolymerization of allyl methacrylate into poly(ethylene terephthalate) films and the subsequent sulfonation of the grafted film were performed to prepare a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). The sulfonation reaction occurred at the grafted chain under mild conditions; that is, the grafted film was easily transformed into a PEM. The mechanical, chemical, and thermal properties of the prepared PEM (i.e., the ion‐exchange capacity, water uptake, tensile strengths at different water uptakes and temperatures, stability in hydrogen peroxide solutions, and proton conductivity) were measured with titrimetric and gravimetric analyses; most were found to be better than those of Nafion. The maximum ion‐exchange capacity and proton conductivity of the PEM were observed to be 0.072 mmol/g and 0.0458 S/cm, respectively. Because this PEM is inexpensive to prepare with available raw materials and has the properties required for fuel cells, it could be an attractive and suitable device for use in fuel‐cell technology. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Zinc‐based catalyst for the ring‐opening polymerization of cyclic esters
Authors: Yuan Yuping , Jing Xiabin , Xiao Haihua , Chen Xuesi , Huang Yubin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA zinc‐based catalyst zinc bis[bis(trimethylsilyl)amide] was used for the polymerization of cyclic esters including L‐lactide (L‐LA) and 2‐methyl‐2‐carboxyl‐propylene carbonate (MBC). The polymerization of L‐lactide in THF could be carried out successfully under mild conditions in very short time by using the zinc catalyst and alcohols as the initiators. Kinetic study in solution polymerization prooved the polymerization has high monomer conversion degree close to 100% and the molecular weight of the resulting polyester has linear increase with the increase of [M]0 /[I] (molar ratio of monomer to initiator). Sequential polymerization of L‐LA and MBC in THF also showed high MBC conversion of 94% with a narrow molecualr weight maintained, indicating a living nature of this polymerization. The zinc catalyst system has also been used for the L‐LA bulk polymerization with a high monomer conversion. 13C NMR indicated the polymer possesses high regioregularity and the minor regioirregular component was owing to the D‐LA in the monomer inserted into the polymer mainchain during the transesterifcation. Interaction between monomer and zinc catalyst has been found to be a key factor to sustain a homogenous solution during the initiating procedure. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Application of the X‐shooter physical model to flexure analysis
Authors: Bristow P. , Vernet J. , Modigliani A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe use the large number of available X‐shooter automatic flexure compensation exposures that have accumulated in the archive to constrain parameters of the instrument physical model. This enables us to establish which physical model parameters vary with instrument orientation and hence directly identify physical mechanisms that give rise to flexure effects in the spectral format (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)