bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Digitizing Medical History: French Validation of FirstHx Primary Care Tool​: Research protocol
Authors: McGraw Monica , Merlin Marjolaine Dionne , Dion Cynthia , Renaud Julie , Poirier Marie-Dominique , Cormier Jules , Aubé Marie-Eve , Quintal Jean-Claude 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Digital healthcare technology is experiencing a surge in popularity, being embraced both within clinical care and research. Adopting a digital system for medical history has the potential to enhance patient engagement in shared decision-making processes effectively bridging the gap between patients and healthcare providers. Centered on patient empowerment and improving the quality of care, our vision is to revolutionize the way healthcare providers gather and utilize patient information. FirstHx is currently collaborating and has toolsets within the eVisitNB framework, however, deployment within primary care clinics remains elusive due to our limited understanding of the needs, cultural and acceptability of triage for the francophone population with the majority being anglophone.
Aim
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the validity and user satisfaction of the digital medical history tool used by FirstHx at the French-language level in primary care. Design: A multi-phase study with an explanatory sequential mixed design.
Methods
Phase 1- Non-patient facing: In the quantitative phase, students from a French university will be recruited to perform a simulation with the French medical history tool. The students (participants) will play the role of the patient and the tool will be administered to them. Following the simulation, the participants will be asked to answer a survey to validate the French medical tool. The quality of French and the clarity of the questions will be some of the topic questions. In the qualitative phase, a descriptive approach will be used. Participants will be the same as in the quantitative phase and will be selected by purposive sampling. Data will be gathered through semi-structured interviews with a minimum of 25% of the participants from the quantitative phase. The qualitative data obtained will be employed to support the data from the quantitative survey. Phase 2 - Patient facing: In collaboration with a private clinic (Energii) in the Dieppe area the French medical history tool from phase one will be piloted with patients from the clinic Energii. The same mixed design will be conducted.
An Outdoor Play Intervention in Early Childhood Education Centers: Results from the PROmoting Early Childhood Outside Pilot Wait-list Control Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Ramsden Rachel , Mount Dawn , Lin Yingyi , Fox Emily , Herrington Susan , Loebach Janet , Cox Adina , Bundy Anita , Fyfe-Johnson Amber , Sandseter Ellen Beate Hansen , Stone Michelle , Tremblay Mark S. , Brussoni Mariana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Participation in outdoor play is beneficial for the health, well-being, and development of children. Early childhood education centers (ECECs) can provide equitable access to outdoor play. The PROmoting Early Childhood Outside (PRO-ECO) study is a pilot randomized trial that evaluates the PRO-ECO intervention on children’s outdoor play participation. The PRO-ECO intervention included four components: ECEC outdoor play policy; educator training; ECEC outdoor space modification; and parent engagement. This study included eight ECECs delivering licensed care to children (n = 217) aged 2.5 to 6 years in Greater Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Using a wait-list control cluster randomized trial design, ECECs were randomly allocated to either the intervention arm (n = 4) or the wait-list control arm (n = 4). Change in the proportion and diversity of observed outdoor play behaviour during scheduled outdoor time was measured. Outcome data were collected at baseline, 6-month follow-up, and 12-month follow-up. The intervention effect on children’s outdoor play participation was examined using logistic regression mixed effect models. Controlling for gender, weather and temperature, there were no changes in children’s outdoor play participation following implementation of the PRO-ECO intervention in the between-group analysis. Within-group comparisons also revealed no change in play participation following the PRO-ECO intervention, however, the intervention group showed a positive effect (OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 0.97, 1.70) in play participation 6 months after implementation of the intervention. The findings indicate that further analyses on child- and ECEC-level outcomes collected as part of the PRO-ECO study, including the diversity of children’s play, is required to effectively assess the impact of this intervention.
Research protocol of Proportion, clinical sequelae, and risk factors of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant reinfection in Hong Kong children: a population-level observational study
Authors: Miao Chuhan , Li Beilei , He Jianxun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has led to significant public health concerns, particularly regarding reinfection rates among children. The Omicron subvariants BA.4 and BA.5 have shown differences in infection dynamics compared to earlier strains. Understanding the proportion of reinfections, associated clinical sequelae, and risk factors influencing disease severity in this vulnerable population is critical. This study addresses these concerns by analyzing population-level data from Hong Kong children.
Methods:
This retrospective cohort study will utilize electronic health records from the Hospital Authority and vaccination data from the Department of Health in Hong Kong. Participants will include children aged 0-18 years with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections. The study will identify reinfection cases and compare clinical outcomes between initial infections and reinfections. Data analysis will involve descriptive statistics, logistic regression models, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to assess the risk factors and clinical outcomes associated with reinfection.
Discussion:
The findings from this study are expected to provide essential insights into the burden of SARS-CoV-2 reinfections among children, mainly focusing on the Omicron BA.4 and BA.5 subvariants. Health authorities can better tailor public health interventions and vaccination strategies by understanding the frequency of reinfections and their clinical impacts. This study will contribute to the global understanding of COVID-19's evolving epidemiology and help mitigate the ongoing impacts of the pandemic on children’s health.
Trial registration: retrospectively registered.
KAP study on Breastfeeding and Weaning in a Low Socio-economic Area in Sudan, 2020-2021
Authors: Abdelseed Rahma , Ahmed Islam , Abdelseed Mohamed , Gabani Manal , Ahmed Haidar Abu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Breastfeeding is the gold standard of infant and young child feeding and an essential factor for their health and overall well-being. This study aims to assess the influence of socio-economic determinants on knowledge, attitude and practice of breastfeeding and weaning among mothers of children aged two years and below in the suburbs of Khartoum locality.
Materials and Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 196 mothers of children selected through systematic random sampling.
Results: Around 53% of participants had good knowledge on breastfeeding and weaning, and 60% of respondent had positive attitude towards breastfeeding and weaning. With regards to practice; breastfeeding initiation during the first hour was practiced by 94%, approximately 8% of participants had given pre-lacteal feed, colostrum feeding was done by 86.7%, around22% of women fed their child from one side until the whole breast is emptied out, 41% of mothers practicing breastfeeding on demand, 45% mothers had practiced or were currently practicing exclusive breastfeeding, almost 29% started introducing complementary food after the age of 6 month, and the most common types of complementary food introduced were boiled vegetables (94%). Socio-economic status significantly associated with poor knowledge were age below 25 years (p=0.007), primary education and below (p= 0.000) and mothers working in marginal business (p=0.008). While negative attitude was significantly associated with primary school education and below (p =0.04) and income of < or =10 000 Sudanese pounds per months (p =0.05). Mothers on marginal business jobs were more likely to have poor knowledge when compared to employed women (OR= 7.3, p 0.034). Those of primary education and below were likely to have poor knowledge than those with education level of secondary school and above (OR=4.8, p= 0.000). Whereas, those younger than 25years were more likely to have poor knowledge than older mothers (OR=2, p 0.026). Mothers who delivered at home had lower knowledge levels as to those who gave birth in a health institute (OR=2, p=0.019).
Conclusion and recommendation: There is a need for mass education campaigns to promote optimal breastfeeding and weaning practices coupled with counseling during antenatal and postnatal periods
Risk of Congenital Anomalies Associated with Psychotropic Medications: A Review of Neonatal Reports in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS)
Authors: Zheng Jingping , Ma Lin , Liang Yankun , Zhang Zhenpo , Wu Qimin , Din Chufeng , Wang Yuting , Lyu Jun , Su Ling 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this article is to explore commonly prescribed psychotropic medications, such as atypical antipsychotics (AAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), regarding their potential association with congenital anomalies in newborns. This analysis will be based on data obtained from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).
Methods
Spontaneously reported cases involving congenital anomalies in newborns (under 28 days old) were extracted and reviewed from the FAERS database covering the period from January 2004 to June 2023. We employed four methods (ROR, PRR, BCPMM, MGPS) to identify signals associated with neonatal deformities caused by specific drugs in newborns.
Results
The FAERS database encompassed 21,605 reported cases involving newborns, of which 6,208 reported congenital abnormalities. Among these cases, 6,164 (99.29%) explicitly attributed the adverse event to the drug. Following calculations utilizing four signal detection methods, the top ten psychiatric drugs associated with congenital abnormalities in newborns were Venlafaxine, Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Mirtazapine, Duloxetine, Paroxetine, Aripiprazole, and Fluoxetine. These drugs demonstrated heightened signal frequencies concerning heart disease, neurological disorders, respiratory-chest-mediastinal conditions, and musculoskeletal-connective tissue disorders.
Conclusions
The use of psychotropic medications during pregnancy has been observed to correlate with the potential risk of specific congenital abnormalities. Pregnant women with psychiatric disorders are advised to use psychotropic drugs with caution. Healthcare professionals should actively understand the potential risks of specific psychotropic medications in causing particular congenital abnormalities, enabling them to provide informed counseling and explore more suitable treatment options for patients.
Rhino-cerebral mucormycosis misdiagnosed as neuropsychiatric lupus in a 17-year-old diabetic ketoacidosis patient: a case report.
Authors: Hamdan Hasan , Muhammad Tareq , Hamdan Zulfiqar , Almasri Imad , Alsabbagh Areej , Mohamad Maher 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Two life-threatening fungal infections, zygomycosis and Aspergillosis, frequently occur in immunocompromised individuals. Because of the arterial vessel invasion, early and rapid diagnosis is crucial.
Case presentation: A 17-year-old female with a history of photosensitivity presented to the emergency department with loss of consciousness due to diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Initial management included intravenous fluids, insulin, and electrolyte correction; further workup revealed juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) based on physical examination and laboratory tests. The patient initially improved with treatment for DKA and restored consciousness, but later developed right eye ptosis, vision problems, and facial numbness; with suspicion of cavernous sinus thrombosis. Due to limited diagnostic resources, a CT scan of the brain was performed which showed only mucosal thickening of the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses. Biopsy from a newly developed lesion on the palate confirmed a rare fungal infection (Aspergillus and Mucormycosis). Despite reduced-dose antifungal therapy due to kidney complications, the patient’s condition deteriorated and she passed away before surgical intervention.
Conclusion: Early clinical recognition, prompt diagnosis of mucormycosis, and appropriate intervention are essential to avert the tragic outcome of this fatal disease
Dual Healthcare System Users and Risk of Opioid Use Disorder: A Deep Learning analysis
Authors: Yin Ying , Workman Elizabeth , Ma Phillip , Cheng Yan , Shao Yijun , Goulet Joseph L. , Sandbrink Friedhelm , Brandt Cynthia , Spevak Christopher , Kean Jacob T. , Becker William , Libin Alexander , Shara Nawar , Sheriff Helen M , Butler Jorie , Agrawal Rajeev M , Kupersmith Joel , Zeng-Trietler Qing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The opioid crisis has disproportionately affected U.S. veterans, leading the Veterans Health Administration to implement opioid prescribing guidelines. Veterans who receive care from both VA and non-VA providers—known as dual-system users — have an increased risk of Opioid Use Disorder (OUD). The interaction between dual-system use and demographic and clinical factors, however, has not been previously explored. We conducted a retrospective study of 856,299 patient instances from the Washington DC and Baltimore VA Medical Centers (2012–2019), using a deep neural network (DNN) and explainable Artificial Intelligence to examine the impact of dual-system use on OUD and how demographic and clinical factors interact with it. Of the cohort, 146,688(17%) had OUD, determined through Natural Language Processing of clinical notes and ICD-9/10 diagnoses. The DNN model, with a 78% area under the curve, confirmed that dual-system use is a risk factor for OUD, along with prior opioid use or other substance use. Interestingly, a history of other drug use interacted negatively with dual-system use regarding OUD risk. In contrast, older age was associated with a lower risk of OUD but interacted positively with dual-system use. These findings suggest that within the dual-system users, patients with certain risk profiles warrant special attention.
MRI and HR-MAS NMR spectroscopies to correlate structural characteristics and the metabolome of Fiano and Pallagrello grapes with the action of field spray preparation 500 and the soil spatial microvariability
Authors: Mazzei Pierluigi , Sica Andrea , Migliaro Claudio , Altieri Gessica , Funicello Nicola , Pasquale Salvatore , Piccolo Alessandro , Celano Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
A number of Italian grape berry varieties, such as Fiano (F) and Pallagrello nero (P), represent National strategic products. Therefore, it is important to identify soil conditions emphasizing their peculiar characteristics as well as find innovative and sustainable treatments improving their compositional and nutraceutical quality. The field spray preparation 500 is a biodynamic product that is presumed to serve as biostimulant on the vine. However, so far, the scientific results probing its effectiveness are still lacking. Moreover, it is necessary to establish a reliable relationship between the grape quality and the spatial microvariability of the vineyard’s soil. On this basis, the main objective of this work consisted in correlating structural and morphological characteristics (via MRI), the primary metabolome (via semi-solid state HRMAS NMR) and important nutraceutical parameters (total phenols and antioxidants via DPPH assay) of F and P grapes with both the action of preparation 500 biostimulant and the vineyard soil microvariability, based on soil apparent electrical conductivity.
RESULTS
HRMAS enabled the identification of the primary metabolome of F and P. The elaboration of 1H NMR spectra through chemometrics revealed significant changes in F and P grapes, accounting for both soil microvariability and the application of field spray (the latter also confirmed by PLS-DA and Heat-map clustering). Interestingly, for both F and P it was observed a significantly lower content of carbohydrates after biostimulant treatment while MRI revealed structural characteristics and internal details of intact grapes. The combined use of proton parametric indices, such as relaxation times and diffusion coefficients, indicated alterations induced in grapes by both the spatial microvariability of the soil and the effects of investigated biostimulant. Interestingly, a tight correlation was found between MRI transverse relaxation time and the contents in total phenols and antioxidants.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results have proven that both soil spatial microvariability and the application of field spray preparation 500 significantly affect the structural, metabolomic and nutraceutical characteristics of grapes. Moreover, the Preparation 500 treatment has increased the nutraceutical value of grapes. Importantly, these data may be potentially used to promote and protect biodynamic grape and predict the quality of the resulting wines.
Which recumbency does avoid insertional complications during small-bore wire-guided thoracostomy tube placement in cats - a cadaver study
Authors: Siegelmayer Desiree , Schnabl-Feichter Eva , Tichy Alexander , Gradner Gabriele , Degasperi Brigitte , Liehmann Lea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Small-bore wire-guided thoracostomy tubes (SBWGTT) are commonly used in cats to manage pleural disease and generally have a low complication rate. Our study aimed to explore the correlation between recumbency of cats, placement method, and the occurrence of insertional complications to identify risk factors during SBWGTT placement.
In this experimental cadaveric study, SBWGTT placement using a modified Seldinger technique was conducted in 24 feline cadavers. Cats, euthanized for reasons unrelated to the study, were randomly assigned to pleural effusion (EFF; n=12) and pneumothorax (PNEU; n=12) groups. Each cadaver was intubated and ventilated with a positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of 10 mmHg, and sterile saline or air was instilled into the thorax over a 5 mm thoracoscopic trocar in the fourth intercostal space (ICS). Instillation was stopped when the lateral thoracic wall to lung distance (TWLD) reached 10 to 12 mm, measured with ultrasound in the favorable position. Sternal recumbency was the favorable position for the EFF group, and lateral recumbency for the PNEU group. Following the placement of the first SBWGTT in each group, the cadavers were positioned unfavorably (lateral recumbency for EFF group, sternal recumbency for PNEU group), and a second drain was introduced contralaterally. A bilateral 8th ICS thoracotomy was then performed to visually assess intrathoracic structures and drain integrity.
A binary logistic regression mixed model was conducted to determine interaction between the induced condition and body position.
Results: A total of 48 SBWGTTs were placed, with complications observed in 33.3 % (8/24) of cases. Five of these were major complications consisting of lung lacerations. Complications were more common in the unfavorable position, accounting for 75 % of cases, although this result was not statistically significant. The odds of complication rates were > 70 % in the unfavorable position and decreased with an increase in TWLD (< 30 %).
Conclusion: Complications associated with SBWGTT placement are influenced by recumbency, although the data did not reach statistical significance. Placing cats in lateral recumbency for pneumothorax treatment and sternal recumbency for pleural effusion treatment may reduce insertional complications.
(Is there a place for) antenatal corticosteroid treatment after 34 weeks of gestation in twin pregnancies when late preterm delivery is inevitable
Authors: Dereli Murat Levent , Yücel Kadriye Yakut , Topkara Serap , Özkan Sadullah , Sucu Sadun , Kurt Dilara , Fıratlıgil Fahri Burçin , Kurt Ahmet , Kavurt Ayşen Sumru , Çelen Şevki , Üstün Yaprak Engin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Twins are associated with an increased risk of premature birth, a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Antenatal corticosteroid treatment (ACT) is the main intervention to improve neonatal outcomes in unavoidable preterm births. Our aim was to investigate the association between neonatal outcome and ACT in twin pregnancies with late preterm birth, where the effects of corticosteroids have not been adequately studied.
Methods
Women with dichorionic-diamniotic twins who had a late preterm birth between 2017 and 2021 at a large referral hospital providing tertiary care and medical training were retrospectively analyzed. Women who met the inclusion criteria were divided into three groups: No ACT (n = 209), ACT < 34 weeks' gestation (n = 76) and ACT ≥ 34 weeks' gestation (n = 67). The groups were compared with regard to adverse neonatal complications. Primary outcome measures were composite respiratory and composite neonatal outcomes. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine additional potential predictors of neonatal outcome.
Results
Composite respiratory and composite neonatal outcomes which did not differ significantly between groups. Gestational age at birth, birthweight and ACT before 34 weeks' gestation were independent protective factors for composite respiratory outcome, composite neonatal outcome and admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. Female gender was an independent protective factor for both composite respiratory outcome and neonatal intensive care unit admission, while gestational age at birth and birthweight were independent protective factors for hypoglycemia.
Conclusion
ACT at or after 34 weeks' gestation did not improve neonatal outcomes in dichorionic-diamniotic twins born late preterm and was associated with a higher rate of neonatal hypoglycemia than those not treated with corticosteroids.