bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arthroscopic Repair for Chronic Anterior Shoulder Instability
Authors: Hantes Michael E. , Venouziou Aaron I. , Liantsis Athanasios K. , Dailiana Zoe H. , Malizos Konstantinos N. 
Published: March 2009

Background Although labrum lesions in patients with chronic anterior shoulder instability may not only involve detachment of the anteroinferior labrum but a lesion of the superior glenoid labrum as well, no studies have compared the clinical outcome between patients with a lesion of the anteroinferior labrum and patients with a combined lesion of the anterior and superior labrum after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization. Hypothesis Arthroscopic repair of a combined lesion of the anterior and superior labrum may have inferior clinical outcome to repair of an anterior lesion only in patients with anterior shoulder instability. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods Sixty-three patients operated on for anterior shoulder instability between April 2002 and June 2006 were included in this study. Patients with bone deficiency were excluded. Fixation of the detached labrum was performed using suture anchors. Thirty-eight patients had a lesion of the anterior labrum (group A), and 25 had a combined lesion of the anterior and superior labrum (group B). Patients were evaluated after a 2-year minimum follow-up with Constant and Rowe scores. Failure was defined as a redislocation or a subluxation episode. Results Patients in group B experienced a significantly higher number of dislocations preoperatively ( P < .05). However, there was no difference between the 2 groups regarding the failure rate postoperatively. One patient from each group had a failed result. A mean loss of 5° and 8° of external rotation at 90° of abduction was noted in patients in groups A and B, respectively ( P = .113). The Constant score was 94 in group A and 93 in group B ( P = .435). The Rowe score was 91 in group A and 90 in group B ( P = .338). Conclusion There are no differences in shoulder stability and function in patients with anterior shoulder instability and a lesion of the anteroinferior labrum and patients with an extended lesion of the anterior and superior labrum after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization.
Knee Medial Compartment Contact Pressure Increases with Release of the Type I Anterior Intermeniscal Ligament
Authors: Paci James M. , Scuderi Matthew G. , Werner Frederick W. , Sutton Levi G. , Rosenbaum Paula F. , Cannizzaro John P. 
Published: March 2009

Background The anterior intermeniscal ligament of the knee is at risk during knee arthroscopy, anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, and tibial nail insertion. Hypothesis Release of the anterior intermeniscal ligament, in knees with type I ligaments, will result in altered contact pressures in the medial compartment. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Five fresh-frozen human cadaveric knees with intact type I anterior intermeniscal ligaments were chosen for testing in a modified MTS machine from 0° to 60° of flexion under 2 conditions: (1) intact and (2) after sharp sectioning of the anterior intermeniscal ligament. Measurements were made using inframeniscal contact pressure sensors covering the medial compartment. Poststudy analysis was done in 10° increments between 0° and 60° of flexion, looking at peak contact pressure and the amount of contact area seeing pressure. Results Sectioning of the anterior intermeniscal ligament caused a statistically significant increase in the peak pressure at 20°, 30°, 40°, and 50° of knee flexion. The largest change occurred at 40° of knee flexion, when the peak pressure increased by 27.5% (3.68 MPa to 4.69 MPa). Contact area decreased, although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion Release of the anterior intermeniscal ligament results in increased peak contact pressures in the medial compartment of the knee. Clinical Relevance Care should be taken to avoid sacrifice of this ligament during surgery.
Treatment of Recalcitrant Iliotibial Band Friction Syndrome with Open Iliotibial Band Bursectomy
Authors: Hariri Sanaz , Savidge Edgar T. , Reinold Michael M. , Zachazewski James , Gill Thomas J. 
Published: March 2009

Background Iliotibial band friction syndrome (ITBFS) is an overuse injury causing lateral knee pain. There is evidence that the pathological lesion is in fact an inflamed bursa underlying the iliotibial band (ITB) rather than an inflamed ITB itself. Hypothesis Resection of the bursa underlying the ITB in ITBFS patients will relieve their pain and allow them to return to their preinjury activity level. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods We describe the technique of ITB bursectomy and report a minimal 20-month follow-up of patients who had ITB bursectomies performed by a single surgeon. The patients completed a survey detailing their preoperative and postoperative symptoms and activities. Results The senior author performed 12 consecutive cases of ITB bursectomies (12 patients). One was excluded from the study (previous microfracture). The average age at surgery was 32 years (standard deviation, 5; range, 24-41). There were 7 men and 4 women. Postoperatively, patients were able to return to their preinjury Tegner activity levels, and the visual analog pain scores decreased by an average of 6 points (P < .001). Six patients were completely satisfied with the surgical outcome, 3 were mostly satisfied, 2 were somewhat satisfied, and none were dissatisfied. Nine of 11 patients said that knowing what they know now, they would have the surgery performed again for the same problem. Conclusion Iliotibial band bursectomy successfully reduces knee pain in patients with ITBFS and allows them to return to their preinjury level of activity. The great majority of patients were satisfied with the results of the procedure.
Outcomes of Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation in a Diverse Patient Population
Authors: McNickle Allison G. , L'Heureux Daniel R. , Yanke Adam B. , Cole Brian J. 
Published: March 2009

Background Autologous chondrocyte implantation is indicated as a second-line treatment of large, irregularly shaped chondral defects after failure of first-line surgical intervention. This study examines the clinical results of a patient cohort undergoing autologous chondrocyte implantation and elucidates factors associated with subjective improvement after implantation. Hypothesis Autologous chondrocyte implantation will result in long-term functional and symptomatic improvement. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods The cohort included 137 subjects (140 knees) who underwent autologous chondrocyte implantation of the knee. Mean defect size per patient was 5.2 ± 3.5 cm2 (range, 0.8-26.6 cm2). Patients averaged 30.3 ± 9.1 years of age (range, 13.9-49.9 years) and were followed for 4.3 ± 1.8 years (range, 2.0-9.7 years). Outcomes were assessed via clinical assessment and established outcome scales, including the Lysholm scale, International Knee Documentation Committee scale, and Short Form-12. Results A significant improvement after surgery was observed in all outcome assessments including the Lysholm (41 to 69; P < .001) and International Knee Documentation Committee (34 to 64; P < .001) scales. Subjectively, 75% of patients indicated they were completely or mostly satisfied with the outcome and 83% would have the procedure again. Preoperatively, 32% of patients had a Tegner score of 6 or greater, compared with 82% before injury and 65% at most recent follow-up. Multivariate analysis identified age (P < .021) and receiving workers’ compensation (P < .018) as independent predictors of follow-up Lysholm score. Twenty-one patients (16%) required debridement of the autologous chondrocyte implantation site secondary to persistent symptoms, whereas 9 knees (6.4%) clinically failed and underwent a revision procedure. Conclusion Autologous chondrocyte implantation is a viable treatment option for chondral defects of the knee, resulting in durable functional and symptomatic improvement. Age and workers’ compensation status are independent predictors of outcome.
Factors influencing quality of life in Moroccan postmenopausal women with osteoporotic vertebral fracture assessed by ECOS 16 questionnaire
Authors: Abourazzak Fatima E , Allali Fadoua , Rostom Samira , Hmamouchi Ihsane , Ichchou Linda , El Mansouri Laila , Bennani Loubna , Khazzani Hamza , Abouqal Redouane , Hajjaj-Hassouni Najia 
Published: March 2009

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate factors influencing quality of life (QOL) in Moroccan postmenopausal women with osteoporotic vertebral fracture assessed by the Arabic version of ECOS 16 questionnaire.

Methods
357 postmenopausal women were included in this study. The participants underwent bone mineral density (BMD) measurements by DXA of the lumbar spine and the total hip as well as X-ray examination of the thoraco-lumbar spine to identify subclinical vertebral fractures. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire on clinical and sociodemographic parameters, and osteoporosis risk factors. The Arabic version of the ECOS16 (Assessment of health related quality of life in osteoporosis questionnaire) was used to assess quality of life.

Results
The mean age was 58 ± 7.8 years, and the mean BMI was 28.3 ± 4.8 kg/m2. One hundred and eight women (30.1%) were osteoporotic and 46.7% had vertebral fractures. Most were categorized as Grade1 (75%). Three independent factors were associated with a poor quality of life: low educational level (p = 0,01), vertebral fracture (p = 0,03), and history of peripheral fracture (p = 0,006). Worse QOL was observed in the group with vertebral fracture in all domains except "pain": Physical functioning (p = 0,002); Fear of illness (p = 0,001); and Psychosocial functioning (p = 0,007). The number of fractures was a determinant of a low QOL, as indicated by an increased score in physical functioning (p = 0,01), fear of illness (p = 0,007), and total score (p = 0,01) after adjusting on age and educational level. Patients with higher Genant score had low QOL in these two domains too (p = 0,002; p = 0,001 respectively), and in the total score (p = 0,01) after adjusting on age and educational level.

Conclusion
Our current data showed that the quality of life assessed by the Arabic version of the ECOS 16 questionnaire is decreased in post menopausal women with prevalent vertebral fractures, with the increasing number and the severity of vertebral fractures.
Coincident frequencies and relative phases among brain activity and hormonal signals
Authors: Solís-Ortíz Silvia , Campos Rafael G , Félix Julián , Obregón Octavio 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundFourier transform is a basic tool for analyzing biological signals and is computed for a finite sequence of data sample. The electroencephalographic (EEG) signals analyzed with this method provide only information based on the frequency range, for short periods. In some cases, for long periods it can be useful to know whether EEG signals coincide or have a relative phase between them or with other biological signals. Some studies have evidenced that sex hormones and EEG signals show oscillations in their frequencies across a period of 28 days; so it seems of relevance to seek after possible patterns relating EEG signals and endogenous sex hormones, assumed as long time-periodic functions to determine their typical periods, frequencies and relative phases.MethodsIn this work we propose a method that can be used to analyze brain signals and hormonal levels and obtain frequencies and relative phases among them. This method involves the application of a discrete Fourier Transform on previously reported datasets of absolute power of brain signals delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, beta1 and beta2 and the endogenous estrogen and progesterone levels along 28 days.ResultsApplying the proposed method to exemplary datasets and comparing each brain signal with both sex hormones signals, we found a characteristic profile of coincident periods and typical relative phases. For the corresponding coincident periods the progesterone seems to be essentially in phase with theta, alpha1, alpha2 and beta1, while delta and beta2 go oppositely. For the relevant coincident periods, the estrogen goes in phase with delta and theta and goes oppositely with alpha2.ConclusionFindings suggest that the procedure applied here provides a method to analyze typical frequencies, or periods and phases between signals with the same period. It generates specific patterns for brain signals and hormones and relations among them.
Microdeletion syndromes disclose replication timing alterations of genes unrelated to the missing DNA
Authors: Yeshaya Josepha , Amir Itay , Rimon Ayelet , Freedman Jane , Shohat Mordechai , Avivi Lydia 
Published: March 2009

Abstract

Background
The temporal order of allelic replication is interrelated to the epigenomic profile. A significant epigenetic marker is the asynchronous replication of monoallelically-expressed genes versus the synchronous replication of biallelically-expressed genes. The present study sought to determine whether a microdeletion in the genome affects epigenetic profiles of genes unrelated to the missing segment. In order to test this hypothesis, we checked the replication patterns of two genes – SNRPN, a normally monoallelically expressed gene (assigned to 15q11.13), and the RB1, an archetypic biallelically expressed gene (assigned to 13.q14) in the genomes of patients carrying the 22q11.2 deletion (DiGeorge/Velocardiofacial syndrome) and those carrying the 7q11.23 deletion (Williams syndrome).

Results
The allelic replication timing was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technology performed on peripheral blood cells. As expected, in the cells of normal subjects the frequency of cells showing asynchronous replication for SNRPN was significantly (P < 10-12) higher than the corresponding value for RB1. In contrast, cells of the deletion-carrying patients exhibited a reversal in this replication pattern: there was a significantly lower frequency of cells engaging in asynchronous replication for SNRPN than for RB1 (P < 10-4 and P < 10-3 for DiGeorge/Velocardiofacial and Williams syndromes, respectively). Accordingly, the significantly lower frequency of cells showing asynchronous replication for SNRPN than for RB1 is a new epigenetic marker distinguishing these deletion syndrome genotypes from normal ones.

Conclusion
In cell samples of each deletion-carrying individual, an aberrant, reversed pattern of replication is delineated, namely, where a monoallelic gene replicates more synchronously than a biallelic gene. This inverted pattern, which appears to be non-deletion-specific, clearly distinguishes cells of deletion-carriers from normal ones. As such, it offers a potential epigenetic marker for suspecting a hidden microdeletion that is too small to be detected by conventional karyotyping methods.
Genetic polymorphisms in DNA base excision repair gene XRCC1 and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Kowalski Michal , Przybylowska Karolina , Rusin Pawel , Olszewski Jurek , Morawiec-Sztandera Alina , Bielecka-Kowalska Anna , Pietruszewska Wioletta , Mlynarski Wojciech , Janusz Szemraj , Majsterek Ireneusz 
Published: March 2009

Abstract

Background
The genes of base excision repair (BER) pathway have been extensively studied in the association with various human cancers. We performed a case-control study to test the association between two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of XRCC1 gene with human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods
The genotype analysis of Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln gene polymorphisms for 92 HNSCC patients and 124 controls of cancer free subjects, in Polish population were performed using the PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with endonuclease Msp I.

Results
No altered risk has been found individually for these SNPs, however haplotypes analysis showed high association with head and neck cancer. The highest frequency, according to wild-type of Arg194Arg and Arg399Arg genotypes, was identified for Arg194Trp-Arg399Arg haplotype (OR, 2.96; 95% CI, 1.01–8.80).

Conclusion
Finally, we identified the combined Arg194Trp-Arg399Arg genotype of base excision repair gene XRCC1 that was associated with HNSCC and may have an impact on identification of a high-risk cancer population.
Greater involvement of people living with HIV in health care
Authors: Morolake Odetoyinbo , Stephens David , Welbourn Alice 
Published: March 2009

Greater Involvement of People Living with HIV/AIDS represents a mobilising and an organising principle for the involvement of people living with HIV in program and policy responses. People with HIV have been at the forefront of designing and implementing effective HIV treatment, care and prevention activities. However, governments and health systems have yet to act to fully harness the potential and resources of people living with HIV in addressing the epidemic.The lives and experiences of people living with HIV highlight the need for a shift in the existing paradigm of disease management. The high prevalence of HIV amongst health care providers in many countries, exacerbated by stigma towards those with HIV in the health care professions, is seriously undermining the capacity of health systems and signals the need to change the current nature of health care delivery. Moreover, the negative experiences of many people with HIV in relation to their health care as well as in their daily social interactions, coupled with the ever‐limited current investment in treatment, care and support, demonstrate that the current system is drastically failing the majority of people with HIV. Current health management systems urgently need to be more effectively maximised, to increase the quality of standards of health care systems and services in resource poor countries. An integrated approach to health care based on a human rights framework, grounded in community realities and delivered in partnership and solidarity with people living with HIV, offers the most viable approach to overcoming the crisis of HIV in the health care system.
Microstructural response and fluid flow mechanisms in cartilage loading: New insights using a novel indentation method
Authors: Thambyah A , Zhao L , Broom N 
Published: March 2009

A novel indentation method was used to investigate the response of articular cartilage in the non-directly loaded region. The indenter contained a relief channel that allowed a tissue bulge to develop within it under load. Healthy bovine tissue samples were statically loaded at a nominal compressive stress of 3.6 MPa. The tissue's equilibrium deformed state was chemically fixed. Differential interference contrast microscopy was used to obtain high-resolution images of the deformed microstructure in the region of the tissue bulge. At the submicro-level, the fibrillar resistance to load is highly complex such that regions of relative compression and tension coincide along a single radial direction. This fibrillar level response is manifested as large-scale matrix shear effects within the bulge region. Further, the surface layer, besides being strain-limiting in the tangential direction, has an intrinsic resistance to axial load. Finally, the pattern of load-induced fluid flow is seen to traverse zonal depths and hence suggests an added complexity to the overall permeability in the deformed tissue matrix.
Tribochemistry, tribocatalysis, and the negative-ion-radical action mechanism
Authors: Kajdas C , Hiratsuka K 
Published: March 2009

Terms such as tribochemistry, catalysis, and tribocatalysis are often used to account for various tribological findings, especially those relating to boundary lubrication. The major goal of this article is to present/discuss tribochemistry and tribocatalysis mostly in terms of the negative-ion-radical action mechanism (NIRAM). This article also briefly overviews most recent books and book chapters and discusses selected physical and chemical phenomena in the boundary friction contact concerning tribochemistry and tribocatalysis. A catalyst provides a new and easier pathway for reactant molecules to be converted into product molecules. What exactly does the term tribocatalysis mean? Is there any relationship between tribochemistry and tribocatalysis? This article attempts to answer these questions and will demonstrate the importance of the NIRAM approach and the concept of NIRAM-hard and soft acids and bases in tribochemistry, catalysis, and tribocatalysis. It is demonstrated that in both tribochemical reactions and some heterogeneous catalytic reactions, intermediate reactive species are formed by the same mechanism mostly governed by the NIRAM approach. Emphasis is on the role of thermal electrons (thermionic emission) on catalysis and both thermal electrons and exo-electrons on tribocatalysis. Some examples of tribocatalytic reactions are also introduced. The relationship between adhesive wear, especially severe-mild wear transition, is discussed from the point of view of tribochemical reactions between environmental gases and a worn surface.
Celecoxib-Associated Anaphylaxis
Authors: Chamberlin Kevin W , Silverman Adam R 
Published: March 2009

Objective: To report and discuss a case of anaphylaxis in a young, healthy white male taking celecoxib for intermittent lower back pain. Case Summary: A healthy 27-year-old man with a documented history of anaphylaxis to penicillins and macrolides presented to the emergency department (ED) in anaphylactic shock after ingesting a 200-mg capsule of celecoxib and a cup of orange juice. The patient had been taking celecoxib over the past 6 months, for 1-2 weeks at a time, for low back pain secondary to a pilonidal cyst and an L5/S1 bulging disc. The day of admission was the seventh day of the most recent course of twice-daily celecoxib. The patient initially self-treated the reaction with diphenhydramine and subcutaneous epinephrine that he had at home due to his history of drug- and bee sting-induced anaphylaxis; neither intervention improved his symptoms, He became profoundly diaphoretic and developed systemic swelling, shortness of breath, bradycardia, and hypotension. Emergency medical services transported the patient to the ED, where he was treated appropriately and the symptoms resolved. However, 4 hours later, at time of discharge from the ED, the symptoms recurred. He was admitted to the intensive care unit and monitored for 3 days. Supportive care, steroids, and histamine blockade provided resolution of the symptoms. Cardiac workup was initiated because of the recunence and severity of bradycardia and hypotension; results of the workup were unremarkable. The patient was discharged in stable condition. Discussion: This case demonstrates rare anaphylaxis to celecoxib in a patient who had previously taken the drug and who had documented tolerance to sulfonamide antibiotics. Despite this history, our patient developed type V immunoglobulin E-mediated anaphylaxis secondary to the sulfonamide component of celecoxib. This reaction was considered probable according to the Naranjo probability scale. A review of published case reports and related atlergy literature for celecoxib allergenicity revealed that such reactions are rare. This is the first case report with great detail of a patient with anaphylaxis to celecoxib after having previously tolerated the medication. Conclusions: Celecoxib can produce an anaphylactic reaction in patients who have previously tolerated sulfonamide antibiotics and who have previously tolerated celecoxib. This case also reviews the potentially biphasic presentation of anaphylaxis. Clinicians need to be aware of this biphasic anaphylactic response to ensure optimal duration of evaluation.