bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-adherence to drug treatment in patients of essential hypertension
Authors: Hussain Sultana Monira , Boonshuyar C. 
Published: August 2009

Keywords: Non-adherence; Drug: Essential hypertensionOnline: 27 August 2009DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v35i2.3139Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2009; 35: 76-78
Accelerated Stability Study of Metronidazole Infusion 100 ml
Authors: Shaheen Sharif M 
Published: September 2009

Metronidazole infusion had been prepared and studied under acceleration by heat at 37 and 50 °C temperatures. Physical and chemical evaluation had been carried out on 4th, 50th and 90th day, respectively. Chemical assay had been performed by UV light absorption spectroscopy. After 3 months stability data were analyzed by statistical regression analysis and plotted against time. It followed pseudo first order degradation kinetics. Rate constants were found out from this plot and set up in Arrhenious equation to find out the energy of activation. The rate constants were 14.1604 X 10-5 and 30.1 X 10-5 days-1 for 37 and 50 °C, respectively. According to Q10 method this value was used to determine the exact Q10 factor, which indicated its lower estimate value. Taking this lower value the expire dates were predicted for 5.3 yrs, 3.8 yrs, and 2.2 yrs, at 20 °C, 25 °C and 33 °C, respectively. These temperatures were the room temperatures of winter zone, Asian subcontinent and tropical zone, respectively. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3191 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 113-117
Seminoma in Undescended Intra Abdominal Testis: A Case Report
Authors: Haque MM , Siddique AB , Rabbani ABMG , Quasem MA , Rahman AKMG , Rahman MM 
Published: September 2009

A mass in the lower abdomen in a sexually active man with a cryptorchid testis strongly points towards the diagnosis of malignancy in the abdominal testis.1 The incidence of testicular tumor is 11 times more in inguinal testes and 50 times more in intra abdominal testes. 2 Normally, the testes, which are inside the abdomen during gestation, migrate into the scrotum by the time of birth. Occasionally, boys are born with testes that are still in the abdomen or in the groin, not having completed their journey to the scrotum. These undescended testes are at high risk of cancer and should be moved into the scrotum at an early age or removed entirely. doi: 10.3329/taj.v18i2.3194 TAJ 2005; 18(2): 131-133
Transurethral Resection (TURP) Versus Transurethral Incision (TUIP) of the Prostate for Small Sized Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Robbani ABM Golam , Salam MA , Islam AKM Anowarul 
Published: August 2009

In a prospective, randomized study, 80 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) caused by small prostate gland (estimated weight <30gm) had either transurethral resection (TURP, n=40) or transurethral incision (TUIP, n=40) of prostate. The study was conducted in the Department of Urology, BSMMU, Dhaka and Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi. Aims of the study were to evaluate the efficacy of TUIP as a treatment modality for small size obstructive BPH and to compare its outcome with that of TURP. A relative advantage of TUIP over conventional TURP was also observed in this study. Preoperative variables (symptom scores, PVR, uroflowmetry parameters) were well matched in between TURP and TUIP group.TURPs were done in conventional technique. For TUIP, two deep incisions were made at 5- and 7-0'clock positions of the bladder neck using Colling's knife. Operative variables (operating time, amount of irrigation fluid and blood transfusion required) were observed and recorded. Postoperative catheterization period and hospital stay (in days) were noted.All patients were followed up at 3 to 4 months postoperatively. Changes of preoperative variables following surgery were assessed. Sexual functions were also questioned and noted pre- and postoperatively.The study clearly indicated that TUIP is as effective as TURP for the treatment of small sized obstructive BPH. Alterations of sexual functions are similar in both the procedures. On the other hand, operating time, requirement of irrigation fluid and blood transfusion, postoperative catheterization period and hospital stay are significantly (P>0.001) less in TUIP group than that of TURP.In conclusion, we recommend TUIP for the treatment of LUTS caused by small size obstructing benign prostatic hyperplasia. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3149 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 50-56
Subdural Haematomas: Study of 200 cases
Authors: Rahman Md L , Ali ASM Shawkat , Islam Md Shofiqul , Mohiuddin AKM 
Published: August 2009

Total 200 patients with subdural haemorrhages were managed in 11 years in Department of Neurosurgery, Rajshahi Medical College. Out of these, 80 patients had acute SDH and 120 patients had chronic SDH. All of them presented with headache and variable degree of lack of alertness. About 120 patients presented with hemi-paresis, 75 patients presented with urinary retention. Male and female patients were 180 and 20 with a ratio 9:1. All the patients were after 6th decades of life in CSDH. Bilateral acute and chronic SDH was seen in 40 (20%) patients. All of them were evacuated by two burr holes and irrigations with normal saline. One patient developed re-accumulation and drained by ventricular cannula. GCS varied from 7-13. ASDH was treated by wide craniotomy. Mortality rate was 25 (12.5%). doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3152 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 63-65
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria during Pregnancy: Causative Agents and Their Sensitivity in Rajshahi City
Authors: Selimuzzaman ABM , Ullah MA , Haque MJ 
Published: August 2009

This was a cross-sectional study conducted among the pregnant mothers of 2nd trimester in the metropolitan area of Rajshahi city. Total 2000 apparently healthy pregnant mothers were selected by random sampling with the view to estimate the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in apparently healthy pregnancy, its causative agents and their sensitivity pattern in the Rajshahi city. These 2000 pregnant mothers were selected from 20 wards by applying 2-stage random sampling. Two consecutive morning midstream urine samples were collected for culture and sensitivity test. The prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in the rural Rajshahi was 14.5%. E.Coli was the commonest causative bacteria (94.83%). The urinary pathogens causing asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy in the Rajshahi city were resistance to amoxicillin, cephalexin and cephradine, moderately sensitive to doxycycline and highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, nitrofurantoin and nalidixic acid. Screening of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy must be considered as an essential part of antenatal care like routine checkup for albumin and sugar in urine in this city community. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3153 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 66-69
Chronic Stimulation of Leptin on Food Intake and Body Weight after Microinjection into the Ventromedial Hypothalamus of Conscious Rats
Authors: Haque Md Shahidul , Shimazu Takashi 
Published: August 2009

A very low dose of leptin (50 ng) was microinjected into the ventro-medial hypothalamus (VMH) of each rat daily once for three days. Food intake and body weight were measured after leptin injections. Microinjection of leptin into the VMH reduced food intake by 33.3 % significantly (P<0.01) during three days of leptin injection compared to the control. Body weight was measured after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h of leptin injection. After 24 h (P<0.01) and 48 h (P<0.05) of leptin injection, body weight was reduced significantly compared to that of rat before injection. Similarly, after 72 h of leptin injection, a significant reduced body weight was observed (P<0.1). A significant (P<0.001) reduced changes of body weight were found after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after injection into the VMH when compared to the respective controls injected with saline. The results suggest that leptin has dramatic effect on reducing body weight by inhibition of food intake. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3154 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 70-75
The stepped hybrid plate for carpal panarthrodesis
Authors: Díaz-Bertrana M. C. , Darnaculleta F. , Franch J. , Puchol J. L. , Durall I. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryIn the 1990s, the AO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen) Hand Study Group developed several anatomically bent plates (standard and short) for wrist panarthrodesis in humans. However, only straight plates have been used for carpal panarthrodesis (CP) in animals to date. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if precontoured plates are more anatomical for CP in dogs. Measurement of several of the bones that are implicated in CP, as well as the relationship between their surfaces and the surface of a straight plate, were performed in a radio-graphic and computed tomographic cadaveric study. Axial and transverse measurements taken at different levels of the metacarpal bones 2, 3 and 4 were also included. The second objective of this study was to develop a more anatomical CP plate according to the results obtained. The measurements and images obtained in this study show that, as in human orthopaedics, bent or stepped plates are more anatomically correct than straight plates for CP in dogs.
The stepped hybrid plate for carpal panarthrodesis
Authors: Díaz-Bertrana M. C. , Darnaculleta F. , Franch J. , Puchol J. L. , Durall I. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryFifty-two carpal panarthrodeses (CP) were carried out in 44 dogs (eight bilateral), in a multicentre study using a single (n = 47) or double (n = 5) stepped hybrid CP plate. Of these 44 cases, 39 were between 20–55 kg in bodyweight , 26 were males , and the carpometacarpal was the most common joint involved. Falling and other impact trauma were the most common aetiology. Pain of unknown origin, carpal luxation, chronic accessory carpal bone fracture, distal comminuted intra-articular radial fracture, bone tumour, degenerative joint disease, canine erosive idiopathic polyarthritis, avascular necrosis of the radial carpal bone and fractures of several metacarpal bones were some of the pathologies reported. Fracture of the third metacarpal bone during screw insertion was the only intrasurgical complication. Malpositioning of the plate or screws and over-tightened screws were technical errors observed in seven of the procedures. The radial carpal bone was not fixed with a screw in two cases due to bone deformity. Concurrent plate breakage and bending in the same patient operated on bilaterally was observed during the follow-up period, which represented a major complication rate of 3.8% for all procedures. Minor complications were: low grade infection, lick granuloma, digit hyperextension, screw loosening or failure, incomplete fusion of some joints and a fracture of the third metacarpal bone at the distal screw hole of the plate; which represented a rate of 44.2% on all procedures. Complete carpal healing was observed radiographically in 94.2% of all procedures. Limb function was excellent to good, and all of the owners, except for one, were satisfied with the procedure.
Spontaneous recovery of experimental valgus deformity in lambs
Authors: Asimus E. , Mathon D. , Darmana R. , Frayssinet P. , Cahuzac J.-Ph. , Autefage A. , Meynaud-Collard P. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Introduction: Angular deformity in the growing skeleton of animals, especially in the radius and ulna, is occasionally seen in clinical practice. The mechanism of spontaneous correction of these angular deformities however remains to be elucidated. The purpose of our experiment was to explore the ability of a growth plate to correct an induced valgus deformity, and to study the mechanism of correction.
Methods: Before beginning the study, valgus deformity of the distal radius had been induced in lambs by the application of a device that causes asymmetrical compression of the growth plate. The study began after removal of the device and spontaneous correction of the induced deformity was observed weekly for 20 weeks. The angles of the deformity and longitudinal growth on the medial and lateral portions of the growth plate were respectively measured on craniocaudal and mediolateral radiographs.
Results and conclusions: Spontaneous correction of the valgus deformity occurred during the first 16 weeks. It resulted from asymmetrical growth characterised by restricted activity of the medial portion of the growth plate (14.8%) in comparison to the lateral portion of the experimental radius, and also in comparison to the medial portion of the control radius.
A review of osteoarthritis and obesity: current understanding of the relationship and benefit of obesity treatment and prevention in the dog
Authors: Bockstahler B. A. , Hulse D. A. , Carmichael S. , Marshall W. G. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryObesity is an increasingly important health problem for both man and dog. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a significant cause of pain and disability in both species. A link between obesity and OA has been established in man, though the exact mechanism of the relationship remains to be fully elucidated – current research supports both biomechanical and biochemical theories. There is good evidence (class I*) to support weight loss as an effective treatment for human knee OA. In the dog, the relationship is just beginning to be investigated. The results of one study in dogs (class IV evidence*) suggest that preventing the development of overweightness and obesity reduces the prevalence of hip dysplasia and OA of the hip and other joints. Three other studies (class III and IV evidence*) support weight loss as an effective treatment for OA in affected over-weight and obese dogs. Further research could yield greater understanding of the pathophysiology of this relationship, perhaps identifying novel therapeutic targets. Confirmation and better understanding of the positive effect of treating and preventing obesity on symptoms and prevalence of OA is likely to be valuable in the campaign against canine obesity.
Use of a single-ring transarticular fixator construct for immobilisation of the talocrural joint following common calcaneal tenorrhaphy
Authors: DeCamp C. E. , Yu J. , Rooks R. L. , Norton J. C. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Objective: To describe the use of a single-ring transarticular fixator construct for use in immobilisation of the talocrural joint in order to protect the healing of surgical repair of ruptures of the common calcaneal tendon.
Methods: Ten repairs were performed in nine dogs. The age, breed, sex, details about the duration of pre-existing lameness, and the location and severity of tendon rupture at presentation were recorded for each dog. Recheck examinations were performed at one, two, four, six, eight, and 12 weeks postoperatively. At each visit up to and including six weeks, radiographs of the affected limb were taken. Fixators were removed after a mean of 5.9 weeks. Complications were documented and classified as major or minor. Major complications were those that required an additional surgical intervention.
Results: All repairs progressed to a satisfactory outcome. While eight of the 10 repairs developed some type of complication, only two required surgical intervention. In one repair, seroma formation necessitated drain placement and the other developed severe periarticular tarsal swelling necessitating early removal of the fixator. Lameness scores overall increased during the initial six weeks, however lameness quickly resolved following fixator removal. At 12 weeks postoperatively, all tendons had healed. The lameness had fully resolved in eight of 10 repairs and had drastically decreased in the remaining two.
Clinical significance: A single-ring transarticular fixator construct is a reliable means of immobilising the talocrural joint following surgical repair of the common calcaneal tendon. Periarticular tissue swelling is common but typically mild.
Crescentic osteotomy for resection of oral tumours in four do
Authors: Fransson B. , Preston C. , Reynolds D. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryRim resection of mandibular tumours and a simplified technique using a biradial osteotomy blade for maxillary tumours in dogs has not previously been described. The medical records and radiographs of dogs with mandibular (n = 3) or maxillary (n = 1) tumours resected using crescentic osteotomies were reviewed. The owners of two of the dogs reported excellent outcomes without any long-term complications or tumour recurrence. The goal of this study was to describe the surgical technique for performing a crescentic osteotomy for resection of maxillary and mandibular tumours. This technique for re-section of mandibular and maxillary tumours is clinically applicable in carefully selected cases.
Repair of long-bone fractures in cats and small dogs with the Unilock mandible locking plate system
Authors: Kull M. A. , Haessig M. , Montavon P. M. , Voss K. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Objectives: To retrospectively evaluate stabilisation of long-bone fractures in cats and small dogs using the Unilock system.
Methods: Medical histories and radiographs of consecutive patients with long-bone fractures stabilised with the Unilock system were reviewed. Cases with follow-up radiographs taken at least four weeks postoperatively were included. Signalment of the patient, fracture localisation and type, primary fracture repair or revision surgery, single or double plating, and complications for each patient were noted. Additionally, implant size, number of screws, number of cortices engaged with screws, and number of empty holes across the fracture were evaluated in fractures where a single plate had been applied.
Results: Eighteen humeral, 18 radial, 20 fe-moral, and 10 tibial fractures were treated. The Unilock system was used for primary repair in 44 fractures and for revision surgery in 22 fractures. Two plates were applied in 17 fractures, and a single plate was applied in 49 fractures. Follow-up radiographs were taken four to 109 weeks postoperatively. Complications were seen in 12 animals and 13 fractures (19.7%). Fixation failure occurred in seven fractures (10.6%). Cases with a single plate that suffered fixation failure had thinner screws in relation to bone diameter than cases with double plates, and more screws in a main fragment than those without fixation failure.
Clinical significance: The Unilock system is a suitable implant for fracture fixation of long bones in cats and small dogs.
Chondrogenic potential of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from equine bone marrow and umbilical cord blood
Authors: Koch T. G. , Heerkens T. , Besonov K. , Thomsen P. D. , Betts D. H. , Berg L. C. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Objective: Orthopaedic injury is the most common cause of lost training days or premature retirement in the equine athlete. Cell-based therapies are a potential new treatment option in musculo-skeletal diseases. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have been derived from multiple sources in the horse including bone marrow and umbilical cord blood. The objective of this study was to provide an in vitro comparison of the chondrogenic potential in MSC derived from adult bone marrow (BM-MSC) and umbilical cord blood (CB-MSC).
Results: MSC from both sources produced tissue with cartilage-like morphology that stained positive for proteoglycans and expressed cartilage markers. The CB-MSC pellets were larger and showed hyaline-like cartilage morphology as early as day six. Gene expression of collagen type 21, aggrecan and CD-RAP was higher in CB- than BM-MSC pel-lets. Expression of Sox9 mRNA was similar between CB- and BM-MSC pellets. Protein concentration of cartilage-derived retinoic acid sensitive protein was higher in culture medium from CB- than BM-MSC pellets.
Conclusion: CB-MSC and BM-MSC were both capable of producing hyaline-like cartilage in vitro. However, in this study the MSC from umbilical cord blood appeared to have more chondrogenic potential than the BMMSC based on the cells tested and parameters measured.Supplementary Information for this paper is available on the VCOT website at www.VCOTonline.com.
Foreign body induced neuritis masquerading as a canine brachial plexus nerve sheath tumour
Authors: Scurrell E. , Summers B. A. , Mahoney P. , Penning V. , Chandler K. , Volk H. A. , Walmsley G. L. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryA variety of clinical disorders caused by the foreign body reaction to migrating plant material have been reported in the dog. In this report, we describe a novel presentation in an adult dog in which this condition produced signs of progressive thoracic limb lameness and cervical spinal pain, mimicking a tumour of the brachial plexus.
Evidence-based orthopaedics or ‘superstition in the pigeon’
Authors: Evans Richard 
Published: August 2009

SummaryPigeon behavioural conditioning methods are similar to the processes that orthopaedic surgeons use to evaluate new surgical procedures. Alternatively, evidence-based orthopaedics is a tool for surgeons to evaluate procedures in a systematic, patient-centred way that is less instinctive than pigeon behaviour. The objective of this article is to describe evidence-based orthopaedics, and then propose changes to surgical culture with the aim of refining the interpretation of the current literature and improving the quality of future research. The proposals are ‘institutional’ changes rather than calls for increased funding and more randomised controlled trials.
Vacuum-assisted wound closure following urine-induced skin and thigh muscle necrosis in a cat
Authors: Hotston-Moore A. , Holt P. E. , Owen L. J. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryVacuum-assisted closure (VAC) is a relatively new technique for wound management in dogs and cats. It was successfully used in this cat to treat severe urine-induced skin and thigh muscle necrosis, resulting from a traumatic urethral rupture. No complications were encountered with application of the VAC technique and production of a healthy granulation bed, suitable for wound reconstruction, was achieved after only five days of VAC treatment. The marked wound contraction (40.3%) obtained after eight days of treatment, was sufficient to allow closure of the defect using a simple, rotational subdermal plexus flap. This was a safe, effective and efficient treatment for a challenging wound in a difficult anatomical location.
Anatomical investigation of the canine cranial tibial artery
Authors: Glyde M. , Moles A. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Objective: To investigate arterial vascularity at the level of the proximal tibia as a potential source of the severe intra-operative haemorrhage, which has been previously reported as a complication during tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) and triple tibial osteotomy (TTO) surgeries in dogs. To devise a surgical approach for the management of this complication.
Method: Eight pelvic limbs from five canine cadavers were dissected and the vascular structures at the level of the proximal tibia were identified and photographed. An arterial phase angiogram was performed on a sixth cadaver to further describe the vasculature in situ. Additional dissection was performed on four pelvic limbs to devise a medial surgical approach to the popliteal artery and the cranial tibial artery proximal to the stifle.
Results: The cranial tibial artery was identified as the most likely source of profuse haemorrhaging if damaged during proximal tibial osteotomy. Its course and branching are described. A simple medial approach to the popliteal artery at the level of its bifurcation into the cranial and caudal tibial arteries was developed.
Clinical relevance: Understanding of the vascular anatomy at the level of the proximal tibia may prevent iatrogenic damage and resulting haemorrhage during TPLO and TTO surgeries. Temporary occlusion of the cranial tibial artery can be achieved through a simple medial approach, proximal to the stifle, in the event of severe haemorrhage associated with TPLO or TTO.