bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Client Predictors of Short‐Term Psychotherapy Outcomes Among Asian and White American Outpatients
Authors: Kim Jin E. , Zane Nolan W. , Blozis Shelley A. 
Published: July 2012

PurposeTo examine predictors of psychotherapy outcomes, focusing on client characteristics that are especially salient for culturally diverse clients.MethodSixty clients (31 women; 27 White Americans, 33 Asian Americans) participated in this treatment study. Client characteristics were measured at pretreatment, and outcomes were measured postfourth session via therapist ratings of functioning and symptomatology. Regression analyses were utilized to test for predictors of outcomes, and bootstrap analyses were utilized to test for mediators.ResultsHigher levels of somatic symptoms predicted lower psychosocial functioning at posttreatment. Avoidant coping style predicted more negative symptoms and more psychological discomfort. Non‐English language preference predicted worse outcomes; this effect was mediated by an avoidant coping style.ConclusionsLanguage preference, avoidant coping style, and somatic symptoms predicted treatment outcome in a culturally diverse sample. Findings suggest that race/ethnicity‐related variables may function through mediating proximal variables to affect outcomes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Clin. Psychol. 00:1–16, 2012.
Rabbit supraspinatus motor endplates are unaffected by a rotator cuff tear
Authors: Gayton J. Christopher , Rubino L. Joseph , Rich Mark M. , Stouffer Mark H. , Wang Qingbo , Boivin Gregory P. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractRotator cuff tears are a major cause of morbidity. Following rotator cuff tears, muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration begin in the tissue, limiting repair potential and leading to a higher re‐tear rate and a worse functional outcome. We evaluated whether fatty degeneration resulting from a complete supraspinatus tear with retraction is associated with an injury to the suprascapular nerve. Four skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits were randomized to receive an index procedure on either their right or left shoulder with the opposite shoulder serving as a control. At the index procedure, the supraspinatus tendon was transected at its insertion and allowed to retract. At 3 months, the rabbits were euthanized, and both supraspinatus muscles were harvested. The specimens were then examined with confocal microscopy and histology. Atrophy was grossly visible in all four test muscles, and fatty infiltration was confirmed with osmium tetroxide staining. In all four rabbits, the degree of denervation (p = 0.71) and partial denervation (p = 0.91) was not significantly different between control and experimental muscle. Rotator cuff tear does not affect the motor endplate or innervation status of the supraspinatus. Fatty infiltration occurs independent of denervation of the supraspinatus. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:99–104, 2012
High prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant Escherichia coli from animals at slaughter: a food safety risk
Authors: Ramos Sónia , Silva Nuno , Caniça Manuela , Capelo‐Martinez José Luis , Brito Francisco , Igrejas Gilberto , Poeta Patrícia 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: There has been concern about the increase of antimicrobial resistant bacteria and protection of animal and public health, along with food safety. In the present study, we evaluate the incidence of antimicrobial resistance among 192 strains of Escherichia coli isolated from faecal samples of healthy food‐producing animals at slaughter in Portugal.RESULTS: Ninety‐seven % of the pig isolates, 74% from sheep and 55% from cattle were resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents, with the resistances to ampicillin, streptomycin, tetracycline and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole the most common phenotype detected. Genes encoding resistance to antimicrobial agents were detected in most of the resistant isolates. Ninety‐three % of the resistant isolates were included in the A or B1 phylogenetic groups, and the virulence gene fimA (alone or in association with papC or aer genes) was detected in 137 of the resistant isolates. Five isolates from pigs belonging to phylogroup B2 and D were resistant to five different antimicrobial agents.CONCLUSION: Our data shows a high percentage of antibiotic resistance in E. coli isolates from food animals, and raises important questions in the potential impact of antibiotic use in animals and the possible transmission of resistant bacteria to humans through the food chain. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Detection of ochratoxin A in tropical wine and grape juice from Brazil
Authors: Terra Michelle F , Prado Guilherme , Pereira Giuliano E , Ematné Hugo J , Batista Luís R 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Ochratoxin A (OTA) is the main mycotoxin found in grapes, wines and grape juices and is considered one of the most harmful contaminants to human health. In this study, samples of tropical wines and grape juices from different grape varieties grown in Brazil were analysed for their OTA content by high‐performance liquid chromatography.RESULTS: The detection and quantification limits for OTA were 0.01 and 0.03 µg L−1 respectively. OTA was detected in 13 (38.24%) of the samples analysed, with concentrations ranging from < 0.03 to 0.62 µg L−1. OTA was not detected in any of the grape juice samples. Most of the red wine samples proved to be contaminated with OTA (75%), while only one white wine sample was contaminated. However, the OTA levels detected in all samples were well below the maximum tolerable limit (2 µg L−1) in wine and grape juice established by the European Community and Brazilian legislature.CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate a low risk of exposure to OTA by consumption of tropical wines and grape juices from Brazil. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Service Quality Perception and Satisfaction: Buying Behaviour Prediction in an Australian Festivalscape
Authors: Bruwer Johan 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThe study was conducted on 358 attendees at a major wine festival in Australia. A positive relationship between quality perception and overall satisfaction constructs exists. New insight to festivalscape knowledge is provided through the first‐time and repeat visitor dynamic as predictor of actual buying behaviour. Higher percentage of repeat visitors correlates with higher likelihood of (wine) buying. Overall satisfaction is a stronger predictor of buying behaviour than any individual service quality dimension and of these quality dimensions overall. Repeat visitors, 35 years and older, are the highest yielding visitor group from a financial viewpoint. First‐time visitors are more short‐term oriented in their planning when making the final decision to attend the event. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abiotic, bottom‐up, and top‐down influences on recruitment of Rocky Mountain elk in Oregon: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Johnson Bruce K. , Coe Priscilla K. , Green Richard L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractUnderstanding the relative effects of the many factors that may influence recruitment of ungulates is fundamental to managing their populations. Over the last 4 decades, average recruitment in some populations of elk (Cervus elaphus) in Oregon, USA declined from >50 to <20 juveniles per 100 females, and several competing hypotheses address these declines. We developed a priori models and constructed covariates spanning 1977–2005 from hunter‐killed elk, elk population estimates, cougar harvest, and weather statistics to evaluate abiotic, bottom‐up, and top‐down factors that may explain annual variation and long‐term trends of pregnancy, juveniles‐at‐heel in late autumn, and recruitment of juvenile elk in spring. In models of pregnancy status, August precipitation, age, and cougar index had positive effects, whereas previous year (t − 1) winter severity or winter precipitation(t−1) and elk density had negative effects. In models of juvenile‐at‐heel in late autumn, August precipitation, August precipitation(t−1), cougar index × elk density(t−1), and age had positive effects, whereas cougar index, elk density(t−1), and winter precipitation(t−1) had negative effects. Juvenile recruitment was best explained by positive effects of August precipitation(t−1), lactation rate, and cougar index × elk density(t−1) and negative effects of cougar index and elk density(t−1). Winter severity, precipitation, and temperature were not significant in explaining variation in elk recruitment. Annual variation in pregnancy, juvenile‐at‐heel, and recruitment was most influenced by August precipitation, whereas long‐term trends in recruitment were most influenced by cougar densities with relatively weak effects of elk density. These results provide insight into causes of year‐to‐year and long‐term trends of elk recruitment and provide a basis for more rigorous evaluation of factors affecting recruitment of elk. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Intraindividual comparison of 1,470 nm diode laser versus carbon dioxide laser for tonsillotomy: A prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled feasibility trial
Authors: Havel Miriam , Sroka Ronald , Englert Elsa , Stelter Klaus , Leunig Andreas , Betz Christian S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroductionThe need for reduction of post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage has led to promotion of tonsillotomy techniques for tonsil tissue reduction in obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy. This trial compares ablative tissue effects using 1,470 nm diode laser and carbon dioxide laser for tonsillotomy in an intraindividual design.Methods21 children aged 3–13 years (mean age 6.3 years) underwent laser tonsillotomy for obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy in this double blind, prospective, randomized, clinical feasibility trial. In each of the blinded patients, tonsillotomy was performed using fiber guided 1,470 nm diode laser (contact mode, 15 W power) on the one side and carbon dioxide laser (12 W power) on the other side. An independent, blinded physician documented clinical presentation and patients' symptoms preoperatively and on Days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 post‐operatively using standardized questionnaire including VAS for each side separately.ResultsThe mean duration of operative treatment was 2.7 min using 1,470 nm laser and 4.9 min using carbon dioxide laser respectively. Intraoperative bleeding and the frequency of bipolar forceps use for intraoperative bleeding control was significantly less using 1,470 nm diode laser system. There was no difference in post‐operative pain scores between the carbon dioxide laser treated and the 1,470 nm fiber guided diode laser treated side. No infections, hemorrhages or other complications occurred in the course of the 3 weeks post‐operative period.ConclusionsA fiber‐guided 1,470 nm diode laser system offers an efficient and safe method for tonsillotomy as treatment of obstructive tonsillar hypertrophy. Compared to our standard practice (carbon dioxide laser), 1,470 nm laser application provides comparable tissue ablation effects with less intraoperative bleeding and shorter operation time. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 558–563, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasmid DNA Microgels for a Therapeutical Strategy Combining the Delivery of Genes and Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Costa Diana , Valente Artur J. M. , Miguel M. Graça , Queiroz João 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPlasmid DNA (pDNA) is encapsulated into biocompatible microgels by an inverse microemulsion polymerization method. Plasmid DNA and doxorubicin are successfully released from pDNA microgels and their release profiles are characterized by appropriate release models. The co‐delivery of genes and drugs from the microgels is evaluated as an enhancer of clinical treatment. Moreover, the release of the encapsulated pDNA is capable of transfection in vitro resulting in the expression of p53 protein. As a whole, a novel pDNA‐based system is described that may find biomedical uses, especially in the cancer treatment through the combined action of chemotherapy and gene delivery approach.magnified image
Macroporous Polymer Beads and Monoliths From Pickering Simple, Double, and Triple Emulsions
Authors: Dyab Amro K. F. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractVarious polymeric materials based on simple, double, and triple emulsions stabilized solely by dichlorodimethylsilane (DCDMS)‐modified amorphous silica nanoparticles of well‐controlled surface hydrophobicities or organo‐modified Laponite clay nanoparticles are described. Magnetic and fluorescent polymer beads having different morphologies are fabricated from double‐emulsion templates. Polymer foams based on Pickering emulsions are fabricated and functionalized using different materials such as sporopollenin and zinc metal particles. Suspension polymerization of both oil phases of a novel Pickering triple emulsion results in the formation of new porous hierarchical structures. Polymer foams and beads based on novel nonaqueous Pickering simple and double emulsions are fabricated.
Slow channel congenital myasthenic syndrome responsive to a combination of fluoxetine and salbutamol
Authors: Finlayson Sarah , Spillane Jennifer , Kullmann Dimitri M. , Howard Robin , Webster Richard , Palace Jacqueline , Beeson David 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Slow channel congenital myasthenic syndrome is a dominant disorder characterized by prolonged acetylcholine receptor ion‐channel activation. Methods: Molecular genetic techniques, electrophysiology, and binding studies in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells determined mutant function and expression levels. Patient response to treatment was measured by quantitative myasthenic gravis and Medical Research Council grade strength scores. Results: We report an unusual case due to heteroallelic mutations in CHRNE. The slow channel mutation, p.εS278del, is accompanied by a severe low‐expression mutation, p.εR217L, on the second allele. Expression studies and cosegregation of p.εS278del with the disorder in the patient's offspring demonstrate robust expression of the p.εS278del mutation. The patient showed modest benefits from standard treatment with fluoxetine, but there was dramatic improvement when salbutamol was combined with fluoxetine. Conclusions: This case suggests that salbutamol, which is beneficial in some other congenital myasthenic syndromes, might also be considered in addition to fluoxetine in slow channel syndrome. Muscle Nerve, 2013
EXPECTATIONS AND CAPACITY OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT IN NGOs IN THE DEVELOPMENT CONTEXT
Authors: Newcomer Kathryn , Baradei Laila El , Garcia Sandra 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThere are many obstacles to promoting learning as an outcome of performance measurement in non‐governmental organizations (NGO) social service providers, especially in less developed countries. Building upon a conceptualization of accountability as a multifaceted set of relationships through which funders, or principals, and non‐profit providers, or agents, jointly shape organizational learning, and performance, this study expands our understanding of how accountability mechanisms affect learning within service providers. This paper explores the role that funders play in shaping performance measurement, or monitoring, practices within NGOs serving disadvantaged children in developing countries. We examined the experience of service providers in Egypt and Colombia to assess how the barriers to use of performance data and learning may be addressed. We conducted interviews using the same protocols with program managers in six non‐profit providers in each country that provide services to children, and we also interviewed major donors in the arena of children's services in the USA. We probed the NGO managers' experiences with performance measurement to identify obstacles and potential solutions to improve the use of the data to promote learning. Our findings support previous research about the potential for upward accountability mechanisms to influence internal learning. We suggest that funders should be held accountable for how the incentives and disincentives they provide to grantees affect their internal learning about how to improve their services. This notion of ‘reverse accountability’ means that funders need to be strategic and intentional when they design reporting mechanisms that affect the learning behaviours within their grantees. In line with our call for reverse accountability, we offer a model demonstrating our notion of the two‐way flow of accountability and we offer recommendations to help improve the performance reporting environment for NGOs who are addressing complex problems with less than adequate capacity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
External Validity in Policy Evaluations That Choose Sites Purposively
Authors: Olsen Robert B. , Orr Larry L. , Bell Stephen H. , Stuart Elizabeth A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractEvaluations of the impact of social programs are often carried out in multiple sites, such as school districts, housing authorities, local TANF offices, or One‐Stop Career Centers. Most evaluations select sites purposively following a process that is nonrandom. Unfortunately, purposive site selection can produce a sample of sites that is not representative of the population of interest for the program. In this paper, we propose a conceptual model of purposive site selection. We begin with the proposition that a purposive sample of sites can usefully be conceptualized as a random sample of sites from some well‐defined population, for which the sampling probabilities are unknown and vary across sites. This proposition allows us to derive a formal, yet intuitive, mathematical expression for the bias in the pooled impact estimate when sites are selected purposively. This formula helps us to better understand the consequences of selecting sites purposively, and the factors that contribute to the bias. Additional research is needed to obtain evidence on how large the bias tends to be in actual studies that select sites purposively, and to develop methods to increase the external validity of these studies. © 2012 by the Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management.
Glow discharge techniques in the chemical analysis of photovoltaic materials
Authors: Schmitt Sebastian W. , Venzago Cornel , Hoffmann Björn , Sivakov Vladimir , Hofmann Thomas , Michler Johann , Christiansen Silke , Gamez Gerardo 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTThe presented study gives an integrated overview on the prospects of glow discharge (GD) methods in the chemical analysis of photovoltaic materials. With a focus on recent research and important photovoltaic (PV) materials, the GD coupled analytical methods, high resolution mass spectrometry (MS), time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry (TOF‐MS) and optical emission spectrometry (OES) are discussed. Each exemplary study carried out will point out the most suitable GD technique for the problem at hand, at the same time showing ways to increase analytical accuracy and to overcome typical instrumental restrictions. Challenging GD‐MS analyses of thin and ultra thin films (down to 20 nm) as well as GD‐MS and GD‐OES studies of ready‐to‐use modules were carried out, showing the reader the application potential of GD methods in a PV development or production process. For the first time, novel cell concepts based on crystalline silicon on glass and silicon nanowires are analyzed by GD‐OES, revealing precise chemical information on the devices. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A comparison of class‐wide taped problems and cover, copy, and compare for enhancing mathematics fluency
Authors: Poncy Brian C. , Skinner Christopher H. , McCallum Elizabeth 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAn adapted alternating treatments design was used to compare the effects of class‐wide applications of Taped Problems (TP) and Cover, Copy, and Compare (CCC) procedures designed to enhance subtraction fact fluency in an intact third‐grade classroom. During the TP procedure, a tape provided an auditory prompt (i.e., the problem), followed by a 2‐second delay and then the correct answer. Students attempted to supply the correct answer before the answer was provided by the tape. During the CCC procedure, students would cover a math‐fact family triangle, attempt to write one of two possible problems and answer, write the reciprocal fact and answer, and evaluate their responses. Results show that TP caused greater increases in subtraction fact fluency than CCC or a control condition. Discussion focuses on preventing student math deficits, issues regarding alternating treatments designs, and future directions for research. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An explanation of reading comprehension across development using models from Cattell–Horn–Carroll theory: Support for integrative models of reading
Authors: Floyd Randy , Meisinger Elizabeth , Gregg Noel , Keith Timothy 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to investigate the cognitive abilities that explain reading comprehension across childhood and early adulthood. Drawing from the standardization sample of the Woodcock–Johnson III, analyses were conducted with large samples at age levels spanning early childhood to early adulthood: 5 to 6 (n = 639), 7 to 8 (n = 720), 9 to 13 (n = 1,995), 14 to 19 (n = 1,615), and 20 to 39 (n = 1,409). Using a model including factors representing general intelligence, Cattell–Horn–Carroll broad abilities, and reading decoding skills, results revealed significant direct effects for reading decoding skills and Crystallized Intelligence on reading comprehension across all age levels. Memory‐related abilities, processing speed, and auditory processing demonstrated indirect effects on reading comprehension through reading decoding skills. The magnitude of direct and indirect effects varied as a function of age. The results provide support for integrative models of reading that include both direct and indirect effects of cognitive abilities on reading comprehension and for consideration of developmental differences in the cognitive aptitudes predicting reading comprehension. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.