bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Usability of myocardial work parameters in demonstrating myocardial involvement in INOCA patients
Authors: Unkun Tuba , Demirci Koray , Fidan Serdar , Derebey Sevim Türkday , Sengör Büsra Güvendi , Yılmaz Cemalettin , Efe Süleyman Cagan , Alıcı Gokhan , Özkan Birol , Karagöz Ali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMyocardial work (MW) is a novel echocardiographic modality, which has been shown to have diagnostic and prognostic values in patients with cardiovascular diseases, patients with obstructive coronary artery disease, in particular. However, only a handful of studies have examined the MW analysis in ischemia with nonobstructive coronary artery (INOCA) disease. This study, therefore, aimed to detect the early left ventricular involvement in INOCA patients diagnosed by an invasive coronary angiography performing the MW analysis.MethodsThis study included a total of 119 patients with nonobstructive coronary artery disease diagnosed by invasive coronary angiography, who were checked for prior ischemia tests performing myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. Out of these 119 patients, 49 patients developed ischemia (i.e., ischemic group) diagnosed using cardiac single‐photon emission computed tomography, whereas 70 patients did not (i.e., nonischemic group). The subjects were divided into three groups based on the global MW tertiles. The groups were compared in terms of the conventional, longitudinal strain, and MW findings by conducting echocardiographic examinations.ResultsThe study subjects were divided into three groups based on the global constrictive work (GCW) value. The three groups were not statistically different in terms of the mean age of the patients (53.0 ± 12 vs. 52.4 ± 13.3 vs. 52.1 ± 12.3; p = 0.96). Furthermore, the three groups were not statistically different regarding the gender, height, weight, and laboratory parameters of the patients except albumin. There was no statistically difference among the tertiles of GCW groups in the measurements of cardiac chambers, LA diameter, interventricular septum, E wave, and A wave. Also, there was no statistical difference in tissue Doppler recordings. The parameters associated with MW were examined, three groups were not statistically different in terms of the global waste work (GWW) (116 ± 92, 122 ± 73, 135 ± 62, p = 0.52, respectively). In contrast, the three groups were different regarding the Global work index (GWI) (1716 ± 300, 1999 ± 130, 2253 ± 195, p < 0.001, respectively), GCW (1888 ± 206, 2298 ± 75, 2614 ± 155, p < 0.001, respectively), and Global work efficiency parameters (92.8 ± 3.6, 94.4 ± 3.2, 95.1 ± 1.8 p = 0.004, respectively).ConclusionIt was concluded that the MW parameters GCW and GWI may have been used for predicting INOCA in patients.
Evolving Characteristics of Gadolinium‐Based Contrast Agents for MR Imaging: A Systematic Review of the Importance of Relaxivity
Authors: Kanal Emanuel , Maki Jeffrey H. , Schramm Peter , Marti‐Bonmati Luis 
Published: May 2024

Gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) are widely and routinely used to enhance the diagnostic performance of magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic resonance angiography examinations. T1 relaxivity (r1) is the measure of their ability to increase signal intensity in tissues and blood on T1‐weighted images at a given dose. Pharmaceutical companies have invested in the design and development of GBCAs with higher and higher T1 relaxivity values, and “high relaxivity” is a claim frequently used to promote GBCAs, with no clear definition of what “high relaxivity” means, or general concurrence about its clinical benefit. To understand whether higher relaxivity values translate into a material clinical benefit, well‐designed, and properly powered clinical studies are necessary, while mere in vitro measurements may be misleading. This systematic review of relevant peer‐reviewed literature provides high‐quality clinical evidence showing that a difference in relaxivity of at least 40% between two GBCAs results in superior diagnostic efficacy for the higher‐relaxivity agent when this is used at the same equimolar gadolinium dose as the lower‐relaxivity agent, or similar imaging performance when used at a lower dose. Either outcome clearly implies a relevant clinical benefit.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Compositional analysis of multilayered plastic constituents and constituent mixtures using benchtop 1H NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Senthil Kumar Harrish Kumar , Noh Yoorae , Bachmann Adam L. , Beckingham Bryan S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMultilayered plastics are widely used in food packaging and other commercial applications due to their tailored functional properties. By layering different polymers, the multilayered composite material can have enhanced mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties compared to a single plastic. However, there is a significant need to recycle these multilayer plastics, but their complex structure offers significant challenges to their successful recycling. Ultimately, the use and recycling of these complex materials requires the ability to characterize the composition and purity as a means of quality control for both production and recycling processes. New advances and availability of low‐field benchtop 1H NMR spectrometers have led to increasing interest in its use for characterization of multicomponent polymers and polymer mixtures. Here, we demonstrate the capability of low‐field benchtop 1H NMR spectroscopy for characterization of three common polymers associated with multilayered packaging systems (low‐density polyethylene [LDPE], ethylene vinyl alcohol [EVOH], and Nylon) as well as their blends. Calibration curves are obtained for determining the unknown composition of EVOH and Nylon in multilayered packaging plastics using both the EVOH hydroxyl peak area and an observed peak shift, both yielding results in good agreement with the prepared sample compositions. Additionally, comparison of results extracted for the same samples characterized by our benchtop spectrometer and a 500‐MHz spectrometer found results to be consistent and within 2 wt% on average. Overall, low‐field benchtop 1H NMR spectroscopy is a reliable and accessible tool for characterization of these polymer systems.
Effects of modified coal gasification fine slag on the processing and mechanical properties of natural rubber composites
Authors: Ding Guoxin , Hu Yuexiang , Liu Jun , Cheng Guojun , Cheng Xiangxiang , Sun Chenfeng , Liu Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCoal gasification fine slag (CGFS) is rich in unburned residual carbon, silica and alumina, and has a large specific surface area, making it a potential polymer‐reinforcing filler. Tea polyphenol (TP)‐modified coal gasification fine slag (TP‐CGFS‐T) was prepared using flotation and modification methods in this study. The effects of unmodified and modified CGFS‐T on the sulfurization performance, processing properties, thermal stability, fracture morphology, and mechanical properties of natural rubber composite materials were investigated. Results indicated that after TP modification, CGFS‐T exhibited highly uniform dispersion on the surface without the agglomeration of fillers. When the dosage of TP‐CGFS‐T was 20 phr, the comprehensive performance of the natural rubber (NR) composite material was optimal, with a tensile strength of 12.12 MPa, the elongation at break of 1208.83%, the tear strength of 30.94 kN/m, and the shore hardness of 38.7 A. As the amount of TP‐CGFS‐T increased, the scorch time of NR increased, which enhanced the processing safety of rubber. This study provides a strategy for treating CGFS, which can both reduce the pollution caused by CGFS and save costs for NR composite materials.Highlight
The CGFS is separated into concentrate and tailings by flotation.
The compatibility between fillers and the matrix is enhanced by TP modification of CGFS‐T.
The composite materials show excellent mechanical and processing properties.
A narrative review of the effects of psychoeducation on children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Syed Ali , Morandini Hugo A. E. , Barbaro Parma , Watson Prue , Rao Pradeep 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents (CAA) and its treatment plan includes a multimodal approach. Psychoeducation is a potential therapeutic modality in the multimodal treatment of ADHD. Psychoeducation intervention generally consists of single or multiple sessions providing education to the recipient regarding ADHD with the aim to facilitate an informed, self‐responsible management of the disorder and to improve the quality of life of patients and their families. Previous reviews have highlighted the positive effects of parental psychoeducation on ADHD symptoms, behavioral problems and social skills of CAA with ADHD. However, the effects of child only and combined parental and CAA psychoeducation interventions are unclear and under investigated. In the current paper, for the first time, we review, individually, the outcomes of parent only psychoeducation, child only psychoeducation and combined parental and CAA psychoeducation across a range of domains in CAA with ADHD. The findings reveal that including psychoeducation in the treatment of ADHD may improve clinical symptoms, social skills, functioning and family relationships in CAA with ADHD.
Wenn das Wasser bergauf fließt
Authors: Suhr Wilfried , Schlichting Hans Joachim 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungEin offener Siphon, wie er mit einem Docht realisiert werden kann, funktioniert trotz des Fehlens einer festen Rohrwand nach denselben physikalischen Prinzipien wie ein klassischer Siphon. Zum Ausgleich der zwischen geförderter Flüssigkeit und äußerem Luftdruck auftretenden Druckdifferenz dellt sich die den getränkten Docht einhüllende „Flüssigkeitshaut“ konkav ein, sodass der dadurch provozierte Krümmungsdruck eine ähnliche stützende Funktion übernimmt wie die Rohrwand beim klassischen Siphon. Zum besseren Verständnis des Strömungsverhaltens im komplexen Kanalsystem eines Dochts kann ein vereinfachendes Modell in Form eines durchgehenden Flüssigkeitsfadens dienen, der in einer V‐förmigen Rinne geführt wird.
Rare type of tracheal agenesis: Unexpected presentation and immediate consideration of emergent esophageal intubation in neonatal resuscitation program. Case reports and review of the literature
Authors: Wu Yi‐Hsin , Hsiao Ching‐Heng , Chen Yi‐Ling , Tsai Li‐Yi , Mu Shu‐Chi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTracheal agenesis, or tracheal atresia, is a rare congenital anomaly. The presence of a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) can help with breathing for newborns with tracheal agenesis. In this article, we presented three unique cases and outcomes of neonates with tracheal agenesis along with a review of the literature.MethodsThis study consisted of a single center case series followed by a review of literature. Case reports were generated using both written and electronic medical records from a single hospital. We summarized three unique cases and outcomes of neonates with tracheal agenesis and performed a review of the literature.ResultsWe identified three cases of tracheal agenesis presented with severe cyanosis without spontaneous crying upon birth. Experienced pediatricians attempted to intubate the babies but were unsuccessful. Endotracheal tubes were subsequently either accidentally or purposely placed into the esophagus, and oxygen saturation levels improved. This suggested tracheal agenesis with TEF. Two cases underwent surgical intervention after resuscitation with esophageal intubation.ConclusionEsophageal intubation may be a life‐sustaining ventilation support for patients with tracheal agenesis and TEF at initial resuscitation. Clinicians should suspect tracheal agenesis when a newborn presents with severe cyanosis and voiceless crying upon birth, and esophageal intubation should be immediately attempted.
Nuclear Physics in the Era of Quantum Computing and Quantum Machine Learning
Authors: García‐Ramos José‐Enrique , Sáiz Álvaro , Arias José M. , Lamata Lucas , Pérez‐Fernández Pedro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the application of quantum simulations and quantum machine learning is explored to solve problems in low‐energy nuclear physics. The use of quantum computing to address nuclear physics problems is still in its infancy, and particularly, the application of quantum machine learning (QML) in the realm of low‐energy nuclear physics is almost nonexistent. Three specific examples are presented where the utilization of quantum computing and QML provides, or can potentially provide in the future, a computational advantage: i) determining the phase/shape in schematic nuclear models, ii) calculating the ground state energy of a nuclear shell model‐type Hamiltonian, and iii) identifying particles or determining trajectories in nuclear physics experiments.
Navigation line extraction algorithm for corn spraying robot based on YOLOv8s‐CornNet
Authors: Guo Peiliang , Diao Zhihua , Zhao Chunjiang , Li Jiangbo , Zhang Ruirui , Yang Ranbing , Ma Shushuai , He Zhendong , Zhao Suna , Zhang Baohua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe continuous and close combination of artificial intelligence technology and agriculture promotes the rapid development of smart agriculture, among which the agricultural robot navigation line recognition algorithm based on deep learning has achieved great success in detection accuracy and detection speed. However, there are still many problems, such as the large size of the algorithm is difficult to deploy in hardware equipment, and the accuracy and speed of crop row detection in real farmland environment are low. To solve the above problems, this paper proposed a navigation line extraction algorithm for corn spraying robot based on YOLOv8s‐CornNet. First, the Convolution (Conv) module and C2f module of YOLOv8s network are replaced with Depthwise Convolution (DWConv) module and PP‐LCNet module respectively to reduce the parameters (Params) and giga floating‐point operations per second of the network, so as to achieve the purpose of network lightweight. Second, to reduce the precision loss caused by network lightweight, the spatial pyramid pooling fast module in the backbone network is changed to atrous spatial pyramid pooling faster module to improve the accuracy of network feature extraction. Meanwhile, normalization‐based attention module is introduced into the network to improve the network's attention to corn plants. Then the corn plant was located by using the midpoint of the corn plant detection box. Finally, the least square method is used to extract the corn crop row line, and the middle line of the corn crop row line is the navigation line of the corn spraying robot. From the experimental results, it can be seen that the navigation line extraction algorithm proposed in this paper ensures both the real‐time and accuracy of the navigation line extraction of the corn spraying robot, which contributes to the development of the visual navigation technology of agricultural robots.
Can women empowerment enhance rice productivity? The case of Vietnam
Authors: Tuan Cao Minh , Lee Ji Yong , Nayga Rodolfo M. , Quach Duong Tu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of women empowerment in agricultural production on household rice production in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam, based on interview data from 281 rice farmers. Using the Abbreviated Women's Empowerment in Agriculture Index (A‐WEAI), the study finds that 73.7% of women were considered empowered in agricultural production, with an average overall empowerment score of 0.84. The study identifies Leadership as the foremost component responsible for women's disempowerment. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis demonstrates that empowering women increases household rice productivity by 0.457 tons per hectare and 4.035 tons per farmer. Furthermore, women empowerment enhances rice income by 24.168 million VND per farmer and 2.805 million VND per hectare. This study conducts additional robustness analyses to confirm the result's consistency. Additionally, the study examines the difference in rice production outcomes between women empowered in four domains versus five domains, finding that achieving four out of the five domains of the A‐WEAI ensures women empowerment. These findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions that promote women empowerment and contribute to sustainable agricultural development.
Enhancing Zinc Electrode Stability Through Pre‐Desolvation and Accelerated Charge Transfer via a Polyimide Interface for Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Lai Chi‐Yu , Liao Yin‐Song , Ku Hao‐Yu , Jao Wen‐Yang , Gull Sanna , Chen Han‐Yi , Chou Jyh‐Pin , Hu Chi‐Chang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAqueous zinc‐based energy storage devices possess superior safety, cost‐effectiveness, and high energy density; however, dendritic growth and side reactions on the zinc electrode curtail their widespread applications. In this study, these issues are mitigated by introducing a polyimide (PI) nanofabric interfacial layer onto the zinc substrate. Simulations reveal that the PI nanofabric promotes a pre‐desolvation process, effectively desolvating hydrated zinc ions from Zn(H2O)62+ to Zn(H2O)42+ before approaching the zinc surface. The exposed zinc ion in Zn(H2O)42+ provides an accelerated charge transfer process and reduces the activation energy for zinc deposition from 40 to 21 kJ mol−1. The PI nanofabric also acts as a protective barrier, reducing side reactions at the electrode. As a result, the PI‐Zn symmetric cell exhibits remarkable cycling stability over 1200 h, maintaining a dendrite‐free morphology and minimal byproduct formation. Moreover, the cell exhibits high stability and low voltage hysteresis even under high current densities (20 mA cm−2, 10 mAh cm−2) thanks to the 3D porous structure of PI nanofabric. When integrated into full cells, the PI‐Zn||AC hybrid zinc‐ion capacitor and PI‐Zn||MnVOH@SWCNT zinc‐ion battery achieve impressive lifespans of 15000 and 600 cycles with outstanding capacitance retention. This approach paves a novel avenue for high‐performance zinc metal electrodes.
Tumor‐On‐A‐Chip Models for Predicting In Vivo Nanoparticle Behavior
Authors: de Roode Kim E. , Hashemi Khadijeh , Verdurmen Wouter P. R. , Brock Roland 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNanosized drug formulations are broadly explored for the improvement of cancer therapy. Prediction of in vivo nanoparticle (NP) behavior, however, is challenging, given the complexity of the tumor and its microenvironment. Microfluidic tumor‐on‐a‐chip models are gaining popularity for the in vitro testing of nanoparticle targeting under conditions that simulate the 3D tumor (microenvironment). In this review, following a description of the tumor microenvironment (TME), the state of the art regarding tumor‐on‐a‐chip models for investigating nanoparticle delivery to solid tumors is summarized. The models are classified based on the degree of compartmentalization (single/multi‐compartment) and cell composition (tumor only/tumor microenvironment). The physiological relevance of the models is critically evaluated. Overall, microfluidic tumor‐on‐a‐chip models greatly improve the simulation of the TME in comparison to 2D tissue cultures and static 3D spheroid models and contribute to the understanding of nanoparticle behavior. Interestingly, two interrelated aspects have received little attention so far which are the presence and potential impact of a protein corona as well as nanoparticle uptake through phagocytosing cells. A better understanding of their relevance for the predictive capacity of tumor‐on‐a‐chip systems and development of best practices will be a next step for the further refinement of advanced in vitro tumor models.
The effects of placement method on multilingual learner success in higher education
Authors: Key William 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the United States, many actors are pushing for the use of grade point average (GPA) as the main placement tool for gatekeeper math and English courses for community college students (Quarles, 2022; Scott‐Clayton, 2018; Turk, 2017). One community college system (pseudonymously, SXCC) in a New England state has begun placing students in initial math and English classes based on self‐reported GPA. There have been studies on the effects of placement changes of this type (Belfield & Crosta, 2012; Hodara & Cox, 2016; Ngo & Kwon, 2014; Scott‐Clayton, 2012). However, studies have not included the effects of these changes on multilingual learners (MLLs).Using a census of every MLL placed in SXCC in the summer and fall of 2020 and the spring of 2021 (N = 12,603), a MANOVA found that MLL students in the SXCC system who were placed using previous placement methods had a higher overall GPA than students placed using self‐reported GPA (M = 3.32, SD = 0.740; M = 2.01, SD = 1.27, respectively) and had higher satisfactory academic progress (SAP) (M = 102.98, SD = 51.52; M = 57.66, SD = 55.53, respectively), and took longer to enroll in English 101 (M = 5.11, SD = 3.55; M = 2.36, SD = 1.76, respectively).
Aggregation‐enhanced photothermal therapy of organic dyes
Authors: Yang Mengyun , Ji Chendong , Yin Meizhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotothermal therapy (PTT) represents a groundbreaking approach to targeted disease treatment by harnessing the conversion of light into heat. The efficacy of PTT heavily relies on the capabilities of photothermal agents (PTAs). Among PTAs, those based on organic dyes exhibit notable characteristics such as adjustable light absorption wavelengths, high extinction coefficients, and high compatibility in biological systems. However, a challenge associated with organic dye‐based PTAs lies in their efficiency in converting light into heat while maintaining stability. Manipulating dye aggregation is a key aspect in modulating non‐radiative decay pathways, aiming to augment heat generation. This review delves into various strategies aimed at improving photothermal performance through constructing aggregation. These strategies including protecting dyes from photodegradation, inhibiting non‐photothermal pathways, maintaining space within molecular aggregates, and introducing intermolecular photophysical processes. Overall, this review highlights the precision‐driven assembly of organic dyes as a promising frontier in enhancing PTT‐related applications.This article is categorized under:
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease
Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging