bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Workplaces in the mind” as metaphor: advising industry managers doing doctoral research about organisational change management
Authors: Elsey Barry 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to reflect on “good practices” in doctoral research supervision and transfer the author’s experience to other academics. The author explains the sources of his approach to doctoral research supervision drawing on traditional practice in adult learning and some reference to phenomenology as a “meeting of minds” between academic and industry mindsets.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a reflective paper condensing many years of practical experience advising industry managers doing doctoral research. It is not an empirical study as such but draws on extensive practitioner experience based on many successful PhD completions in the business and management domain.

Findings
There are no empirical findings as such, but ample practical experience of doctoral research process and outcomes over 40 years of supervision in both the UK and Australian Universities.

Research limitations/implications
Generalisation is limited to the number of doctoral research completions (between 70 and 80).

Practical implications
The paper concludes with indicators of what the author regards as “good practices” in doctoral research supervision.

Social implications
None is directly applicable, but academe-industry working partnerships might be improved with the author’s learner- and customer-centred approach to doctoral research with adults in senior positions in the industry wanting to do research.

Originality/value
This paper is based entirely on the author’s own working experience as a senior academic in UK and Australian Universities.
Viscous fluid flow and heat transfer past a permeable wall jet with convective boundary conditions
Authors: Aly Emad H. , Khan Usafzai Waqar , Merkin John H. , Pop Ioan M. 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe steady laminar wall jet flow over a stretching/shrinking surface in the presence of lateral suction or injection with a convective boundary condition is considered.Design/methodology/approachThe partial differential equations for mass, momentum and energy conservation are changed to the system of ordinary differential equations through similarity solution transformations. Solutions, both numerical and asymptotic, to these similarity equations are found in some new ranges of parameters in the governing equations.FindingsThe equations are solved both asymptotically and numerically for a range of the transpiration parameter S and the flow parameter λ given in Mahros et al. (2023), thus greatly extending the range of these previous solutions. Asymptotic solutions for both large and small values of the Prandtl number σ are derived, showing good agreement with additional numerical integrations. It should be noted that in Mahros et al. (2023), only the case when σ=1 was treated. A solution for large λ when S=1 is obtained, showing a different asymptotic form to the case when S>0 in Mahros et al. (2023). Multiple solutions were seen by them for S<0 and the nature of the lower solution branch as S→0 from below is discussed. The question as to whether the lower branch solutions join as λ>0 when S<0 is resolved through obtaining an asymptotic solution λ small.Originality/valueThe accuracy of the solutions has been checked through a detailed comparison between the solutions obtained numerically and analytically, where excellent agreement has been found. This study is important for scientists working in the area of jet flows to become familiar with the flow properties and behaviour of jets.
Investigation of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV: insight from a comparative study
Authors: Akintola Olutosin Phebean , Oladoyinbo Catherine Adebukola , Ayedun David Olayinka 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) considering a comparative study.

Design/methodology/approach
A comparative cross-sectional study was carried out with 247 respondents which include 123 HIV patients and 124 people without HIV (PWoH) recruited using a simple random sampling method. Anthropometric measurements were taken using the standard procedures and instruments. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured in all the subjects. The lipid level and blood glucose were obtained using a vacutainer method to collect at least 5 ml of venous blood into a heparin-containing bottle and fluoride bottle, and a chemical pathology analysis was conducted at the pathology laboratory.

Findings
Using the International Diabetes Federation criteria, the overall prevalence of MetS was 21.1%, while 27.6% and 14.5% prevalence were observed among the PLWHIV and PWoH, respectively. In all, 4% of the respondents were underweight, 40.9% had normal body mass index, 29.6 were overweight and 18.6 were obese I. The mean total cholesterol and triglycerides (TG) for PLWHIV and controls were 162.59 ± 37.80, 177.54 ± 34.23, 91.62 ± 51.74 and 69.59 ± 33.87 mg/dl, respectively. There was no significant association between gender and MetS. Of all the determinants of MetS, central obesity has the highest prevalence (71.5%, 65.3%) among the PLWHIV and the controls. Raised TGs were the components of MetS with the least prevalence (9.8% and 4.8%) among PLWHIV and PWoH. There was a significant association between reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p = 0.001) and raised blood pressure (p = 0.001) of PLWHIV and PWoH. This study reveals that the burden of MetS among PLWHIV is higher than apparently healthy individuals.

Research limitations/implications
This study could not measure the association between specific antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens and MetS because all the PLWHIV in the study are on one regimen Tenofovir disoproxil/lamivudine/dolutegravir. Therefore, longitudinal studies on the extent of ART on MetS should be carried out while using newly diagnosed HIV patients who are not yet on ART as controls.

Practical implications
Prevalence of MetS and its components toward the high range among PLWHIV compared to the PWoH who are apparently healthy individuals was found. Higher prevalence of central obesity and reduced HDL-C among PLWHIV was also found. Overall, MetS is high among PLWHIV, and this might predispose them to adverse metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and kidney diseases among others. Therefore, screening for metabolic risk factors should be adopted as part of routine HIV care.

Originality/value
The findings reveal the magnitude of MetS among PLWHIV compared to the apparently healthy individuals.
Impact of financial reporting quality on investment efficiency and role of investor protection in frontier markets
Authors: Khan Muhammad Azhar , Irfan Saadia , Naveed Samina 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine the link between financial reporting quality and investment efficiency in publicly listed firms in frontier markets, taking into account country-level investor protection. By comparing real and accrual earnings management, this paper demonstrates the context-dependent nature of the impact of financial reporting quality. It emphasises the importance of improving investor protection and reducing agency conflicts in promoting investment efficiency in frontier markets.

Design/methodology/approach
Accounting data from 1998 to 2020 are collected for all listed firms in six frontier market countries across 21 industries. Fixed-effect regression analysis is used to test causal relationships; several robustness checks are performed; and two-stage least squares is used to address endogeneity concerns.

Findings
Higher financial reporting quality improves investment efficiency in frontier markets. Furthermore, the positive effect is amplified when country-level investor protection in frontier markets is strong.

Originality/value
These findings add to the growing body of evidence showing that financial reporting quality improves investment efficiency, even in frontier markets. Furthermore, the level of investor protection within a country strengthens this relationship, particularly in firms that are prone to underinvestment.
Navigating HRM practices in the Indian institutional context: multinational vs domestic enterprises in comparative perspective
Authors: Melhem Muntaser J. , Khassawneh Osama , Darwish Tamer K. , Singh Satwinder , Alanezi Abdullah N. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The role of distinct institutional context in shaping employment practices is particularly evident in emerging markets where institutional measures are often evolving and not yet fully established. This presents several challenges, particularly for multinational corporations (MNCs) operating in such contexts. This research paper aims to provide a comparative analysis of HRM practices, specifically recruitment and selection, internal career opportunities and performance appraisals between domestic and multinational companies in a large emerging economy, that is India.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, survey-based data was gathered from a diverse sample of 252 companies, comprising both domestic enterprises (DEs) and MNCs, to collect comprehensive data on HRM practices. The aim is to provide a nuanced understanding of the variations in HRM approaches between DEs and MNCs, taking into account the unique institutional context of the Indian market.

Findings
Contrary to initial expectations, the study’s findings do not support the hypothesis that MNCs would prioritize more rigorous and effective HRM practices compared to DEs in the Indian context. Instead, the results reveal that DEs place a greater emphasis on effective HRM practices than their MNC counterparts, despite the latter’s international reach and operational success. These findings shed light on the distinctive HRM strategies used by MNCs and DEs when navigating the complexities of the Indian market.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the existing IB literature by providing a comparative perspective that emphasizes DEs proclivity for institutional entrepreneurship and change. Exploring the resource dynamics for both MNCs and DEs, the study showcases them as divergent adaptive navigators within (in)formal institutional logics, adept at navigating and influencing institutional structures and shaping distinct HRM practices. The findings challenge traditional assumptions about HRM priorities of MNCs and DEs.
Differences in the clinical presentation of necrotizing fasciitis depending on the causative pathogen
Authors: Kato Hiroshi , Kawaguchi Yohei , Saito Kenta , Hamamoto Shuzo , Nakamura Ryota , Ohashi Kazuki , Kondo Shuhei , Nakamura Atsushi , Morita Akimichi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNecrotizing fasciitis is a fatal, soft tissue infection of the skin that requires prompt treatment. Historically, most cases have been attributed to group A beta‐hemolytic Streptococcus infection. However, in recent years, other bacteria have been identified as causing necrotizing fasciitis. In the current study, we analyzed cases of necrotizing fasciitis and examined the significant differences in symptoms caused by pathogenic bacteria. We included 79 patients (43 males and 36 females, mean age 65.4 years) diagnosed with necrotizing fasciitis who visited our hospital between April 2004 and July 2023. The patients were classified into five groups based on the identified pathogen: group A beta‐hemolytic Streptococcus; group B beta‐hemolytic streptococcus; group G beta‐hemolytic Streptococcus; mixed infection, including anaerobic bacteria; and Staphylococcus (S) aureus. The clinical characteristics of patients, including treatment duration and laboratory values, were analyzed. Group G beta‐hemolytic Streptococcus was more common in older patients (Bonferroni method, p < 0.05). Patients with S. aureus tended to be hyperglycemic (Bonferroni method, p < 0.05), had a higher rate of bacteremia (Fisher's direct probability test, p < 0.05), and had a longer treatment duration than the other examined groups (Bonferroni method, p = 0.0132). Although the five groups did not differ in the mortality rate, overall survival was shorter in the mixed infection group than in the other groups (log‐rank test, p < 0.05). The legs were the most common site of infection in the non‐mixed infection group; in the mixed infection group, the pubic area was identified as the most common site of infection, accompanied by a poor prognosis. Collectively, these findings suggest that necrotizing fasciitis can be characterized by pathogenic bacteria and that these characteristics may inversely predict the pathogen of origin.
Reevaluating the role of interferon‐beta in psoriasis pathogenesis: A registry‐based self‐controlled study
Authors: Heerfordt Ida M. , Framke Elisabeth , Windfeld‐Mathiasen Josefine , Mogensen Mette , Olsen Rasmus Huan , Magyari Melinda , Horwitz Henrik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterferon‐beta has been suggested as a trigger of psoriasis, yet a systematic investigation is lacking. This study aimed to assess the risk of developing psoriasis following interferon‐beta treatment, utilizing a pharmaco‐epidemiological approach to investigate the role of interferon‐beta in psoriasis pathogenesis. We included all treatment‐naïve patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Denmark who initiated interferon‐beta treatment for MS from January 1996 to June 2023. These patients were compared to a control cohort of patients with MS treated with other disease‐modifying drugs. We compared the incidence rates of psoriasis before and during the treatment. Data for this study were extracted from the Danish MS Registry and integrated with information from other national Danish health registries. Among 7174 patients treated with interferon‐beta, the incidence rate of psoriasis post‐treatment initiation was slightly higher (2.01 per 1000 person‐years) compared to the rate prior to treatment (1.67 per 1000 person‐years). This increase did not achieve statistical significance (P = 0.53), with an incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68–2.13). The control cohort showed an increase in psoriasis incidence post‐treatment initiation (3.12 per 1000 person‐years) compared to prior (1.11 per 1000 person‐years), with an IRR of 2.80 (95% CI 1.36–4.77, P = 0.0038). This registry‐based self‐controlled study does not support the theory that interferon‐beta acts as a trigger for psoriasis development.
Home is where the heart is? A comparative analysis of Flemish and Danish parties' organizational linkages with the EU
Authors: Pittoors Gilles 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the light of the crucial role political parties play in connecting citizens with political decisions, this article assesses national parties' organizational linkages with the European level. It focuses on explaining variation between parties and the motivations they have to organize the way they do. Building on qualitative comparative case studies of Danish and Flemish parties, this study finds that country‐level factors override party‐level factors. Particularly the domestic political relevance of European affairs, combined with historical ties with European integration and distance from Brussels, determine the nature of parties' multilevel linkages. Contributing to the literature on parties as multilevel organization in the EU, these findings call attention to the great difficulty parties face in reaching beyond the confines of the nation‐state, despite the important role they play in providing the EU with the necessary democratic legitimacy.
Waste to protein: A systematic review of a century of advancement in microbial fermentation of agro‐industrial byproducts
Authors: Nadar Cresha Gracy , Fletcher Andrew , Moreira Bruno Rafael de Almeida , Hine Damian , Yadav Sudhir 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIncreasing global consumption of protein over the last five decades, coupled with concerns about the impact on emissions of animal‐based protein production, has created interest in alternative protein sources. Microbial proteins (MPs), derived through the fermentation of agro‐industrial byproducts, present a promising option. This review assesses a century of advancements in this domain. We conducted a comprehensive review and meta‐analysis, examining 347 relevant research papers to identify trends, technological advancements, and key influencing factors in the production of MP. The analysis covered the types of feedstocks and microbes, fermentation methods, and the implications of nucleic acid content on the food‐grade quality of proteins. A conditional inference tree model and Bayesian factor were used to ascertain the impact of various parameters on protein content. Out of all the studied parameters, such as type of feedstock (lignocellulose, free sugars, gases, and others), type of fermentation (solid, liquid, gas), type of microbe (bacteria, fungi, yeast, and mix), and operating parameters (temperature, time, and pH), the type of fermentation and microbe were identified as the largest influences on protein content. Gas and liquid fermentation demonstrated higher protein content, averaging 52% and 42%, respectively. Among microbes, bacterial species produced a higher protein content of 51%. The suitable operating parameters, such as pH, time, and temperature, were also identified for different microbes. The results point to opportunities for continued innovation in feedstock, microbes, and regulatory alignment to fully realize the potential of MP in contributing to global food security and sustainability goals.
Prevalence of gunshot residue particles on back seats of police vehicles
Authors: Israelsohn Azulay Osnat , Zidon Yigal , Malihi Lital , Rosengarten Hila , Cohen Yaron 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe presence of gunshot residue (GSR) in a sample can provide valuable information in forensic investigations by associating a suspect with a shooting incident. However, in order to have confidence in the integrity of the results' interpretation, the possibility of contamination by secondary transfer of GSR occurring during the transportation of a person under custody in a police vehicle should be evaluated. In order to investigate police vehicles as a source for secondary transfer of GSR particles, a total of 51 samples were collected from the rear seats of random police vehicles and used to transport arrested individuals. Results indicated that the type of upholstery of the seats plays a main role in determining the potential for secondary GSR contamination. The potential chance of coming into contact with GSR particles in police vehicles is low. GSR contamination from police vehicles is, maybe, not of a major concern but should be taken into consideration mainly when very few characteristic GSR particles are found on an analyzed sample.
Click chemistry beyond metal‐catalyzed cycloaddition as a remarkable tool for green chemical synthesis of antifungal medications
Authors: Tahghighi Azar , Azerang Parisa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClick chemistry is widely used for the efficient synthesis of 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazole, a well‐known scaffold with widespread biological activity in the pharmaceutical sciences. In recent years, this magic ring has attracted the attention of scientists for its potential in designing and synthesizing new antifungal agents. Despite scientific and medical advances, fungal infections still account for more than 1.5 million deaths globally per year, especially in people with compromised immune function. This increasing trend is definitely related to a raise in the incidence of fungal infections and prevalence of antifungal drug resistance. In this condition, an urgent need for new alternative antifungals is undeniable. By focusing on the main aspects of reaction conditions in click chemistry, this review was conducted to classify antifungal 1,4‐disubstituted‐1,2,3‐triazole hybrids based on their chemical structures and introduce the most effective triazole antifungal derivatives. It was notable that in all reactions studied, Cu(I) catalysts generated in situ by the reduction in Cu(II) salts or used copper(I) salts directly, as well as mixed solvents of t‐BuOH/H2O and DMF/H2O had most application in the synthesis of triazole ring. The most effective antifungal activity was also observed in fluconazole analogs containing 1,2,3‐triazole moiety and benzo‐fused five/six‐membered heterocyclic conjugates with a 1,2,3‐triazole ring, even with better activity than fluconazole. The findings of structure–activity relationship and molecular docking of antifungal derivatives synthesized with copper‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) could offer medicinal chemistry scientists valuable data on designing and synthesizing novel triazole antifungals with more potent biological activities in their future research.
Teaching Without Thinking: Negative Evaluations of Rote Pedagogy
Authors: Bass Ilona , Espinoza Cristian , Bonawitz Elizabeth , Ullman Tomer D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWhen people make decisions, they act in a way that is either automatic (“rote”), or more thoughtful (“reflective”). But do people notice when others are behaving in a rote way, and do they care? We examine the detection of rote behavior and its consequences in U.S. adults, focusing specifically on pedagogy and learning. We establish repetitiveness as a cue for rote behavior (Experiment 1), and find that rote people are seen as worse teachers (Experiment 2). We also find that the more a person's feedback seems similar across groups (indicating greater rote‐ness), the more negatively their teaching is evaluated (Experiment 3). A word‐embedding analysis of an open‐response task shows people naturally cluster rote and reflective teachers into different semantic categories (Experiment 4). We also show that repetitiveness can be decoupled from perceptions of rote‐ness given contextual explanation (Experiment 5). Finally, we establish two additional cues to rote behavior that can be tied to quality of teaching (Experiment 6). These results empirically show that people detect and care about scripted behaviors in pedagogy, and suggest an important extension to formal frameworks of social reasoning.
Effects of florfenicol on the midgut physiological function of Bombyx mori, based on the diversity of intestinal microbiota
Authors: Tian Chao , Zou Hongbin , Guo Xiqian , Shu Qilong , Zhang Xiaoxia , Cheng Jialu , Gu Zhiya , Li Fanchi , Li Bing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFlorfenicol (FF) is a new antibiotic commonly used in sericulture. This study aimed to examine the effects of low (LC: 0.06 g/L), medium (MC: 0.12 g/L), and high (HC: 1.2 g/L) concentrations of FF on the midgut physiological functions of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (L.) (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). The results showed that the body weight and the whole cocoon weight of silkworms decreased and the development duration of the fifth instar was prolonged in the HC group. The structure of intestinal microbiota of silkworm larvae was changed by high FF exposure. Specifically, the abundance of conditional pathogens (Curtobacterium, Sanguibater, etc.) was significantly increased, whereas the abundance of Pseudomonas and Pedobacter was decreased significantly. Additionally, the intestinal reactive oxygen species level at 72 h was significantly elevated, and the muscle layer had become loose, together with the appearance of gut goblet cell atrophy. We observed that the increase in Lactobacillus abundance led to a reduction in intestinal fluid pH, resulting in decreased α‐amylase and protease activities, whereas lipase activity exhibited an elevation. The results demonstrated that the accumulation of peroxides induced by exposure to 1.2 g/L FF caused intestinal damage, and the decrease in pH resulting from alterations in microbial composition and structure affected digestive enzyme activity, collectively leading to physiological impairment of the silkworm midgut. These findings provide a valuable reference for the safe use of FF in sericulture.