bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A radiographic interpretation of cranio‐facial reference lines in relation to prosthodontic plane orientation
Authors: Ow Richard K. K. , Keng S. B. , Djeng S. K. , Ritchie G. M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn analysis was made of prosthodontically related cranio‐facial reference lines and angles of lateral skull radiographs taken for 60 edentulous Chinese adults wearing newly fabricated dentures.The radiographic angle between the Frankfort horizontal line and Camper's line was compared across Chinese and Swedish male adults. This showed a significant increase in mean angle of 3.4° for Chinese subjects. The angular difference was explained on the basis of ethnic variation in ‘orbitale’ position which could probably account for the relative steepness of the Frankfort horizontal line in the Chinese.The plane of orientation in the edentulous subject was made to conform to the ala‐tragus line. The ala‐tragus line in Chinese adults was observed radiographically to orient itself at a comparatively steep angle to the horizontal plane of the articulator.The variation in ‘orbitale’ position and the influence of a steep occlusal plane in the edentulous Chinese could impose a limit to the smooth transfer of the facebow registration of the maxillary occlusal plane to the articulator.
A history of the Institute of Dental Research, Sydney
Authors: Knox K. W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe contributions of the Institute to dental science over the forty years since its establishment are discussed in the context of the objectives expressed by its first Director, Dr N. E. Goldsworthy. Evidence is presented of the role played by the scientific staff in meeting these objectives through the publication of research papers and obtaining research grants, which are now a major source of income.
General hospital residency for dental undergraduates
Authors: Stacy G. C. , Gaudry P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA one‐week full‐time general hospital residency for a final year of 81 dental undergraduates has been greeted by the majority of students as being an invaluable experience. Such a residency programme could be structured to provide dental students with an even broader medical perspective during their training and thus allow for a greater clinical maturity on graduation. The present programme is outlined and discussed.
Major pre‐prosthetic surgery. A review
Authors: Tideman Henk , Anker Anthony , Arvier John 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMost patients who are rendered edentulous have satisfactory dentures constructed after a short period of healing and these dentures usually give several years of functional service. However, in patients who have been edentulous for many years and in whom considerable atrophy of the alveolar ridge has occurred, or who have been using an ill‐fitting prosthesis, there are problems of poor retention, and it is this group of patients who benefit most from pre‐prosthetic surgery. The aim of surgical procedures is to improve the denture bearing area, thus facilitating the construction of a denture and improving its function.Much of the work is of a minor nature, but if the denture bearing area is so reduced that support, retention and stability cannot be achieved, then major surgery may need to be considered. In this regard, relative and absolute augmentation procedures and recent developments in implantology have added new dimensions to the treatment of the atrophic mandible.This paper reviews these major procedures, briefly outlining the surgical protocols, and discusses the indications and results of the techniques as they are now practised.
Tissue conditioners as obturators in maxillofacial surgery
Authors: Loh H. S. , Tan P. H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractProsthetic management of patients after maxillofacial surgery to restore physiologic functions and promote recovery is emphasized. A case is presented to illustrate the use of a tissue conditioner as the obturator bulb. Its merits are highlighted and its use to obturate surgical defects is advocated. The disadvantages of other conventional materials which have been employed are discussed.
Prevalence and detection of patients with bleeding disorders
Authors: Monsour P. A. , Kruger B. J. , Harden P. A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractsThis paper reports on the prevalence of specific congenital bleeding disorders in Australia and records those drugs used in Australia which may cause disorders and result in haemorrhage following surgery. The incidence of haemophilia in Australia is amongst the highest in the world. The paper also presents a simple approach for the detection of patients who may bleed excessively following dental surgery.
The preparation of autologous fibronectin for use in periodontal surgery
Authors: Thompson E. W. , Seymour G. J. , Whyte G. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA simple method for the preparation of autologous fibronectin and its subsequent use in periodontal surgery is presented. Fibronectin was isolated from autologous plasma using gelatine mediated affinity chromatography which afforded a yield of 76.5 ± 3.3 per cent. The fibronectin was concentrated to 5 mg/mL to produce a viscosity suitable for use in periodontal surgery. The purity and stability of the fibronectin was assessed by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was found to contain no contaminants and to remain relatively stable at 4°C over a four to five‐week period.
Bilateral Bell's palsy: current concepts in aetiology and treatment. Case report
Authors: Muralidhar M. , Raghavan M. R. Vijay , Bailoor Durgesh N. , Kamath V. V. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn uncommon case of bilateral idiopathic facial paralysis (Bell's palsy) is reported in a sixty‐year‐old male patient with no other neurological defect. The theories of aetiology and the current modalities of treatment are discussed.
Tooth wear and bruxism: a sleep laboratory investigation
Authors: Dettmar D. M. , Shaw R. M. , Tilley A. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis pilot investigation was concerned with the study of bruxing patterns during sleep of five young subjects each representing a dental treatment category showing a distinct level of tooth wear. Electroencephalogram (EEG), electrooculogram (EOG), and electromyogram (EMG) activity was recorded on two consecutive nights. All five sleep profiles were very similar to the established norms for their age group. It was observed that EMG disturbances which may be associated with bruxing occurred in all sleep stages but predominantly in Stage 2 and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. There were no systematic differences in EMG disturbances related to different levels of dental treatment and tooth wear.
Tooth replantation: 11‐year follow‐up
Authors: Abrams Richard A. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA 21‐year‐old Caucasian male presented with a traumatically avulsed maxillary central incisor. The tooth was replanted after being absent from the alveolus for approximately 90 minutes. The patient has been followed routinely, and there is no evidence of any pathosis after more than 11 years.
Odontomes in an Australian population
Authors: O'Grady J. F. , Radden B. G. , Reade P. C. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn a series of 118 odontomes in an Australian population there were no sex differences in the prevalence of complex and compound lesions with regard to site, age or type of lesion. The odontomes were most commonly detected in the second decade, but a wide age range was evident. Complex odontomes were more common than compound, with equal frequency in the anterior maxilla and mandibular molar region. The most common site for compound odontomes was the anterior maxilla.
Caries experience of Aboriginal children in the Orana Region of New South Wales
Authors: Cooper M. H. , Schamschula R. G. , Craig G. G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIndices of cumulative caries experience (DMFT, DMFS, SR) were assessed for 682 Aboriginal children, aged 5 to 14 years, residents of the predominantly non‐fluoridated Orana and Far West Health Region of New South Wales. The results show substantially decreased caries experience compared with 1978 findings. The reduction is attributed to a preventive programme based on fluoride therapy and to improved national emphasis on child health programmes. The declining trend of caries is also in accord with global trends apparent in most industrialized countries.
Persistent neutropenia in a young child with a chromosome anomaly. Case report
Authors: Symons Anne L. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPatients suffering from neutropenia are more susceptible to infection due to a defect in the body's defences. The young subject of this case report had a rare chromosome anomaly which may have been responsible for the neutropenia or may have modified the effect of the neutropenia.After traumatizing two deciduous central incisors, inflammation of the periodontal tissues did not resolve and eventually the traumatized teeth exfoliated with little evidence of root resorption. Instigation of oral hygiene procedures remarkably improved the health of the periodontum. With time, the gingival health deteriorated as the child, being physically and mentally handicapped, refused dental treatment. She was unco‐operative with attempts to brush her teeth and maintained an unfavourable digit‐sucking habit.
Adhesion of composite resin to etched glass ionomer cement
Authors: Chin Y. H. , Tyas Martin J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA laboratory study was undertaken to determine the tensile bond strengths of three glass ionomer cements to dentine and the tensile bond strengths of composite to the three glass ionomers after etching. The tensile bond strength to untreated dentine was in the range of 4.47–5.52 MPa, being approximately twice that of a glass ionomer restorative material. After etching the glass ionomer, the bond strength to composite resin ranged from 1.83 MPa to 6.17 MPa, depending on the ionomer and on the time after mixing at which it was etched. In the majority of clinical situations, retention of a composite restoration via etched glass ionomer cement would probably need to be supplemented by additional mechanical retention.
Urinary fluoride levels in pre‐school children in relation to the use of fluoride toothpaste
Authors: Dooland M. B. , Wylie Alison 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSamples of the first morning urine of 99 pre‐school children were collected on two successive days with children in the test group abstaining from the use of fluoride toothpaste on the day preceding the taking of the second sample. The fluoridexreatinine ratio of these children, an index of fluoride excretion, was lower in the second urine samples. If the results are representative of 24 hour urine samples it would appear that fluoride toothpaste may contribute significantly to the fluoride ingestion of pre‐school children.
Co‐ordinated treatment of secondary cleft deformities
Authors: Heggie Andrew A. C. , West Roger A. , McNeill R. William 
Published: May 2009

AbstractSecondary cleft deformities result from the cumulative effects of functional and morphological abnormalities. Treatment choices should be based on a comprehensive plan which is designed to minimize treatment time and iatrogenic effects and which is based on sound physical and psychosocial objectives. Conventional orthodontic and orthognathic surgical principles can be modified and applied to a variety of facial cleft problems. Direct surgical correction of secondary deformities instead of prosthetic or orthodontic compensation expands treatment possibilities and optimizes treatment results.
Oral hygiene — why neglect the tongue?
Authors: Ralph W. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractMost dentists fail to instruct their patients to routinely clean the tongue. Debris on the dorsal surface of the tongue is removed by fibrous foods and by brushing and scraping.A reduction in plaque formation and tooth root caries in the elderly may be achieved. A source of halitosis will be removed and the taste acuity heightened. The tongue should no longer be neglected in oral hygiene regimes.
Prevalence of dental caries in Taiwan Aboriginal children — Bunun, Paiwan, Rukai, Ami, and Yami Tribes
Authors: Miyazaki H. , Takehara T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe DMF index and OHI were examined in five Taiwan Aboriginal Tribes, Bunun, Paiwan, Rukai, Ami and Yami. The subjects were 843 children (475 boys and 368 girls) between 10 and 15 years of age. Taiwan Aboriginals used to have very little dental caries, but they now have a high dental caries prevalence. The mean number of DMF teeth was the least in the Yami (1.67–2.83) followed by the Ami (3.95–4.06) and Bunun (3.52–4.60) Tribes. It was fairly high in the Paiwan (4.44–8.00) and Rukai (5.44–8.11) Tribes. Quite high Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) values were observed in these tribes. These findings suggest that the rapid increase in dental caries in Taiwan Aboriginals seen in the late 1970s reflects the changes in the traditional dietary habits in the 1970s.
Bonding — retrospect and prospect
Authors: Tyas M. J. , Alexander S. B. , Beech D. R. , Brockhurst P. J. , Cook W. D. 
Published: May 2009

PrologueThe ability to bond two substances together has become increasingly relevant in modern dental techniques. The success of diverse procedures such as the placement of a composite resin restoration, a porcelain veneer or a Maryland bridge, depends on effective bonding between two different materials. Bonding is dentistry of the future; materials can be combined to take advantage of the best properties of each component. Bonding enables smaller, less complex and less bulky restorations with, overall, more effective treatment but is more exacting in surface preparation techniques and less forgiving of error.
Endodontic instrumentation —quo vadis?*
Authors: Mayne John R. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe flaring of root canal preparations in order to improve instrumentation and enhance root filling condensation has been stressed in recent endodontic literature. Some authors, however, have suggested that too much flaring could be hazardous in molar root canals. This study was prompted by the occurrence of stripping‐type perforations and post perforations in the buccal roots of upper molars and in the mesial roots of lowers. Ten operators instrumented 22 molars utilizing a variety of techniques. The teeth were horizontally sectioned and remaining wall thicknesses were measured under magnification. Excessively thin walls were found on the furcation surfaces of the buccal roots of upper molars and the mesial roots of lowers at a level 2–4 mm apical to the trifurcation or bifurcation. A potential for root stripping and post perforation, which was not readily apparent in pre‐operative radiographs, was confirmed. The ramifications of these findings are discussed.
Tissue responses in the rat to trichloracetic acid ‐ an agent used in the treatment of invasive cervical resorption*
Authors: Heithersay Geoffrey S. , Wilson David F. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe tissue responses in rats following topical application of 90 per cent trichloracetic acid to the palatal mucosa, and to a wound involving periodontal tissues, tooth root and bone were histologically evaluated. Coagulation necrosis of palatal and gingival mucosa was followed by oedema, splitting and separation of the eschar with rapid re‐epithelialization within two days. Of significance was an almost complete absence of underlying inflammation. There were no essential differences in the healing of the trichloracetic acid‐treated wounds into deeper dental tissues compared with control wounds. These results have significance with regard to the clinical use of trichloracetic acid in the treatment of invasive cervical resorption.
A method of testing the union between glass ionomer cement and composite resin*
Authors: Mount G. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThere is an increasing interest in the strength of the union that can be obtained between glass ionomer cement and composite resin. Because of the variations in the physical properties of the different types and brands of both glass ionomer cement and composite resin, it is logical to assume that there will be variations in the strength of the union.An apparatus has been developed to test the union between the two materials which is simple to use and takes into account the specific requirements of both the cement and the resin in their clinical placement.
Shelf‐life of tooth‐coloured restorative materials in Papua New Guinea
Authors: Stewart Barry L. , Madu Node K. , Pouru Stephen 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA survey of Dental Officers and Dental Therapists in Government Health and Defence Force Clinics throughout Papua New Guinea indicated that the problem of slow setting and even failure to set is a frequent occurrence with composite resin materials. This is because these materials tend to deteriorate at high temperatures to which they may be subjected during transport, initial storage and clinical storage awaiting use.Eight brands of composite resin, including paste‐paste, powder‐liquid and light‐activated systems, as well as three glass ionomer cements were evaluated over a period of twelve months with respect to shelf‐life and suitability for use in a tropical environment. Preliminary results indicated that, although a light‐activated composite resin appeared to be the material of choice, it may not be suitable because it is relatively expensive and requires a curing light which is electrically operated. A powder‐liquid composite resin was, therefore, the recommended product. On the other hand, it was also suggested that a powder‐water glass ionomer cement, Chemfil II, might be a suitable alternative for a developing, tropical country such as Papua New Guinea.
Cervicofacial emphysema following dental procedures
Authors: Monsour P. A. , Savage N. W. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractCervicofacial emphysema is an infrequently reported sequela to dental surgery. Most cases result from the accidental introduction of air into the soft tissues during the use of air‐driven, high‐speed handpieces or air/water syringes. Surgical procedures, in particular removal of lower third molars, predispose to the development of an emphysema. The clinical presentation is usually a facial or cervicofacial swelling coincident with the dental treatment. The use of air instruments, immediate onset, crepitus and often a radiographically discernible enlarged facial space are the diagnostic features. Pain is not usually a feature. The possibility of mediastinal involvement should be recognized and the patient monitored appropriately. Active treatment requirements are minimal. Reassurance of the patient, antibiotic prophylaxis and analgesics, if required, are generally sufficient. This paper reviews the above features and discusses means of prevention. Early recognition and appropriate management are emphasized.
Infection control in general dental practice
Authors: Stevenson Alastair R. L. , Higgins Thomas J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractA postal survey of 600 dental practitioners in New South Wales was conducted in 1986 to establish a data base on current infection control protocols as they apply to everyday dental practice. Three hundred and sixty‐three replies (60 per cent) were returned, representing approximately 16 per cent of Australian Dental Association members in New South Wales (1987).
Denture soft linings: materials available
Authors: Mack Peter John 
Published: May 2009

AbstractDenture soft lining materials are products which are applied to the fitting surfaces of dentures for the purpose of achieving a more equal distribution of load and reduction of local point pressures. These materials have provided a focus for research and controversy for over 100 years. In that time large numbers of products have been advanced as the ideal soft denture liner. This paper discusses the five main groups of materials that have been available to dentists: the natural rubbers, vinly co‐polymers, hydrophilic polymers and the silicone and acrylic based soft lining materials.
Measurement of thermal expansion coefficient of human teeth
Authors: Hengchang Xu , Wenyi Liu , Tong Wang 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe coefficient of thermal expansion of specimens from 60 freshly extracted human teeth were measured over the range 10–80°C using a dilatometer. The coefficient increased rapidly above 50°C, but there was no significant variation with tooth age between 10 and 70 years. The average values obtained were 16.96 (SD 3.83) × 10−6/°C for enamel, 10.59 (SD 2.38) × 10−6/°C for dentine, 11.90 (SD 4.42) × 10−6/°C for crowns and 9.44 (SD 0.61) × 10−6/°C for roots.
Herpes zoster virus infection: A clinicopathologic review and case reports
Authors: Barrett Anthony P. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractHerpes zoster virus (HZV) infection, particularly of the trigeminal nerve, can be a disabling and disfiguring condition with variable clinical presentations. Acyclovir is a highly effective treatment modality during the acute clinical phase; however, pain control may be very difficult particularly with protracted and severe post herpetic neuralgia (PHN). The clinicopathologic features are reviewed and two cases in immunosuppressed patients with HZV infection of different divisions of the trigeminal nerve are presented.
A clinical scanning electron microscope study of tooth surface preparation and bonding*
Authors: Bloxham Graeme P. , Dennison Joseph D. , Charbeneau Gerald T. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThis clinical study utilized cut dentine surfaces on which the Creation Bond System® and Scotchbond® were applied after various surface treatments. It was observed under the scanning electron microscope that preparation with a tungsten carbide bur left a smear layer on the dentine. When this surface was pumiced, the smear layer remained and the tubules were plugged with smear debris. Polyacrylic acid and citric acid removed the smear layer from the dentine surface. When the Creation Bond System was applied to the surface treated with polyacrylic acid, hollow depressions were produced. Application of the Creation Bond System to the surface treated with citric acid resulted in some resin tag formation into the dentinal tubules as well as hollow depressions on the resin surface. The presence of these irregularities in the resin indicated fluid from the dentinal tubules prevented contact of the bonding resin with the dentine surface. This degree of contamination was not observed when Scotchbond was applied to a pumiced dentine surface.
An evaluation by scanning electron microscopy of small dental cutting instruments through use and cleaning
Authors: Lester Keith S. , Mitchell Peter T. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract— The progressive status of some selected small dental cutting instruments was examined from the time of their unpackaging through routine institutionalized cleaning and sterilizing procedures both before and after first and subsequent use. The cleaning protocol in place at the time involved a phosphoric acid based detergent and ultrasonic cleaning. All assessments were made by scanning electron microscopy.It was found that new burs as unpackaged are unacceptable for use without first being subjected to a cleaning process and that the cleaning procedure utilized was ineffective and unsuitable. Also observed was the potential for gross contamination; the need for subsequent ultrasonic cleaning; and the different rate and nature of deterioration, with use, of the three bur types studied.This study has led to the introduction of modified procedures for the physical cleaning of small cutting instruments in our institution and confirms the usefulness of the scanning electron microscope in the ongoing practice of quality assurance.