bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mecyclothorax palikea sp.n. from the Waianae Range, Oahu, and the biogeographical history of Hawaii's M. flavomarginatus species group (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Moriomorphini)
Authors: Liebherr James K. , Krushelnycky Paul D. 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Mecyclothorax palikea, sp.n. is described from the vicinity of Palikea, southern Waianae Range, Oahu, HI, USA and is assigned to Britton's Mecyclothorax flavomarginatus species group. Cladistic analysis, based on 20 morphological characters and including several outgroup taxa, places Mecyclothorax impunctatus Liebherr of Molokai as adelphotaxon to the other eight species of the group, with subsequent speciation events successively isolating M. sharpi Britton of West Maui versus a clade of seven Oahu species. Phylogenetic relationships among the Oahu clade species posit three historical speciation events vicariating ancestors on the western Waianae and eastern Koolau Ranges. Mecyclothorax palikea is placed as adelphotaxon to M. carteri (Perkins), a species allopatrically distributed to the north in the Waianae, corroborating existence of southern and northern areas of endemism within the Waianae Range. Relative ages of the respective volcanoes housing M. flavomarginatus group species — Waianae (3.7 million years ago), Koolau (2.6 million years ago), Eastern Molokai (1.8 million years ago), West Maui (1.3 million years ago)—imply that ancestral occupation of Oahu by this group occurred subsequent to completion of the shield building phases of Oahu's two volcanoes, Waianae and Koolau. Diversification within the group on Oahu was associated with vicariance events that occurred within a terrestrial environment. Whereas all four species of the M. flavomarginatus group occupying Waianae Range habitats have been observed recently in nature, collection of M. flavomarginatus in 1906 represents the most recent record for any M. flavomarginatus group species in the Koolau Range, indicating the importance of conserving appropriate Waianae Range habitats in order to preserve representative biodiversity in this species group.
Phylogenetic analysis of the small fungivorous family Merothripidae (Thysanoptera)
Authors: Pereyra Veronica 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA phylogenetic analysis of the fungivorous Terebrantia family Merothripidae is performed based on 73 morphological characters and 24 taxa representing the three genera of Merothripidae and outgroups. Heterothrips mexicanus Watson, Heterothripidae; Dorythrips Hood, Melanthripidae; and two genera of Aeolothripidae,Gelothrips Bhatti and Orothrips Moulton represent the outgroup. The Melanthripidae and Aeolothripidae genera are included in order to have a first approximation of the phylogenetic relationships between Merothripidae and these two families (previously suggested to be close relatives). According to the results, the monophyly of Merothripidae is recovered; within Merothripidae, Erotidothrips is the sister group of Damerothrips+Merothrips. Dorythrips is supported as the sister group of Merothripidae, and Aeolothripidae are the sister group to that clade. Additionally, Merothripidae genera are diagnosed and illustrated.
Wetting Mode Transition of Water Droplets by Electrowetting on Highly Hydrophobic Surfaces Coated with Two Different Silanes
Authors: Furuta Tsutomu , Sakai Munetoshi , Isobe Toshihiro , Matsushita Sachiko , Nakajima Akira 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Highly hydrophobic surfaces with nanoscale roughness were prepared by coating two fluoroalkylsilanes (FAS17 and FAS3) respectively onto boehmite deposition layers. The droplet shape change on the surface was then observed with application of voltage between the droplet and the coating surfaces. The wetting mode transition on FAS3 coating advanced continuously once the applied voltage exceeded 120 V, whereas that on FAS17 coating at less than 200 V. The droplet shape changed with sustaining air phase at the solid–liquid interface.
Pentose Acting as a Sacrificial Multielectron Source in Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution from Water by Pt-doped TiO2
Authors: Shiragami Tsutomu , Tomo Takayuki , Tsumagari Hikaru , Yuki Ryota , Yamashita Toshiaki , Yasuda Masahide 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Photocatalytic reaction was performed by irradiation of Pt-doped TiO2 in an aqueous solution of xylose acting as a sacrificial reagent to evolve hydrogen, whose amounts reached 8.6 equivalents to the xylose used.
Magnetic Separation of Cesium Ion Using Prussian Blue Modified Magnetite
Authors: Sasaki Takahiro , Tanaka Shunitz 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Prussian-blue-modified magnetite (PB-Fe3O4) was prepared by a simple method. The Cs+ sorption ability of PB-Fe3O4 was evaluated by batch magnetic separation. As a result, the maximum sorption amount of Cs+ with PB-Fe3O4 was 16.2 mg g−1, and the sorption ability was not greatly changed in the presence of high concentration of NaCl. The recovery of PB-Fe3O4 from water by magnet predicted that it was sufficiently applicable to treatment of water contaminated with radioactive Cs+.
Microwave-energy Distribution for Reduction and Decrystallization of Titanium Oxides
Authors: Fukushima Jun , Kashimura Keiichiro , Takayama Sadatsugu , Sato Motoyasu 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In this study, we examine the reduction behavior of TiO2−x during microwave irradiation at the maximum point of the H field in a single-mode cavity (H-field irradiation). The reduction of TiO2−x was greater and the decrease in the activation energy (Ea) for reduction was higher when microwave irradiation was used than when conventional heating was used. TiO2−x was decrystallized and formed a nanodomain structure with a 5–10 nm particle size. From these results, we determined the amount of microwave energy distributed as activation, kinetic, and thermal energies.
Synthesis of 2-Iminoindolines via Samarium Diiodide Mediated Reductive Cyclization of Carbodiimides
Authors: Ishida Takayuki , Tsukano Chihiro , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
A method of synthesizing 2-iminoindolines using samarium diiodide (SmI2) is reported. In the presence of tert-butyl alcohol, treatment of carbodiimides bearing α,β-unsaturated carbonyl moieties with a stoichiometric amount of SmI2 afforded 2-iminoindolines in moderate to high yields. The products were isolated after Boc protection of the amidine moieties. This reaction proved to be applicable to lactams and acyclic/cyclic esters as substrates.
Aqueous Dispersions of Carbon Nanotubes with Self-assembled Micelles of Photosensitive Amphiphilic Random Copolymer Containing Coumarin
Authors: Liu Jingcheng , Wang Baoqing , Xiong Xiaomei , Luo Jing , Liu Xiaoya 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
A general approach toward dispersing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in aqueous solution was reported by using photosensitive micelles as dispersant. Micelles are made from a novel photo-crosslinkable amphiphilic random copolymer P(St/VM-co-MA), which first self-assembled around carbon nanotubes in selective solvent (DMF/H2O) and then underwent photo-crosslinking to generate micelle-encapsulated carbon nanotubes. It was found that the photo-crosslinked micelle-encapsulated carbon nanotubes could form a very stable suspension in aqueous solution, indicating the micelles are effective for dispersing carbon nanotubes.
Template Synthesis of Nanoporous Carbons through Iodine Stabilization of Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium
Authors: Miyajima Naoya , Tanaike Osamu , Matsumura Taiyu , Imai Syunya , Sakane Hideto , Iiyama Taku 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Iodine treatment before carbonization was applied to carboxymethylcellulose sodium to increase the char yield of carbons and to form NaI particles in the carbon matrix. A novel template synthesis of nanoporous carbons was achieved by removing NaI. The mechanism of this method was verified by the porosity and structure of the products obtained during the synthesis.
TiO2 Nanotube Utilizing a CNT Template and Its Performance as the Anode of a Dye-sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Nishino Hitoshi , Matsuyoshi Hiroaki , Sakamoto Hiroki , Tomita Haruo , Sasaki Hirokazu , Nishida Ryoichi , Tabuchi Minoru , Hayama Hidekazu 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
A new TiO2 nanotube (TiO2-NT) was synthesized utilizing a carbon nanotube template via the precursor of the TiO2-coated carbon nanotube (TiO2-CNT). The obtained TiO2-NT was tubular in shape, several µm in length, 100–150 nm in external diameter, and around 30 nm in inner diameter. The TiO2-NT was mixed with TiO2 nanoparticles to fabricate anodes of dye-sensitized solar cells, with the anodes showing an improvement in conversion efficiency from 9.6% of nonadditives to 10.4% of 2 wt % additives.
Fast Diffusion of Water Molecules into Chemically Modified SiO2 Films Formed by Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Ohtake Atsushi , Kobayashi Kinya , Kurokawa Syuhei , Ohnishi Osamu , Doi Toshiro 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
We investigated water permeation properties into silicon oxide (SiO2) and chemically modified SiO2 films. The water permeability of fluorinated SiO2 (SiOF) is higher than that of SiO2, indicating that SiOF may have fast diffusion paths constructed from SiO–F structures formed by the breaking of Si–O–Si networks by F atoms. It is suggested that the presence of these fast diffusion paths can explain the reason for the high water permeability of various kinds of SiOF and other low-k films.
Nonword Reading Tests: A Review of the Available Resources
Authors: Colenbrander Danielle , Nickels Lyndsey , Kohnen Saskia 
Published: December 2011

AbstractResponse to Intervention (RTI) models of reading instruction have received much attention in the literature (Fuchs, Mock, Morgan, & Young, 2003; Hosp & Ardoin, 2008; Justice, 2006). Such models call for frequent and high-quality assessment of students' skills. One skill that is vital in the process of learning to read is the ability to sound out letters and blend these sounds together to produce a word. According to Dual Route models of reading (e.g., Coltheart, Rastle, Perry, Langdon, & Ziegler, 2001), these skills comprise the sublexical route to reading. This is best assessed by tests of nonword reading. In this article, 17 tests of nonword reading were reviewed in light of RTI and Dual Route models. The aim of the review was to determine the best available nonword reading tests for use at the Tier One and Tier Two levels of intervention, and the best available nonword reading test for diagnostic (Tier Three) purposes. The review determined that several good-quality tests of nonword reading, suitable for assessing the general functioning of the sublexical route to reading (at the Tier One and Tier Two level), are available, but that no test of nonword reading is available that fulfils all of the desirable criteria for a Tier Three, diagnostic assessment.
Exploring the Perception of Asperger's Disorder
Authors: Kite Donna M. , Tyson Graham A. , Gullifer Judith M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWith current preparation for the release of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) in 2013, many changes have been proposed for the diagnostic criteria, including changes to the pervasive development disorder category — of which Asperger's disorder is a part. Using focus group discussions this study explored how Asperger's disorder is perceived by Australian health and education staff, parents of children diagnosed with Asperger's disorder and community members. A total of 51 people participated in eight focus groups. Theory-led thematic analysis of the discussions revealed five themes of aetiology uncertainty, challenging behaviour, barriers in service provision, terminology confusion and label stigma. These themes are discussed in relation to the proposed diagnostic changes and implications for future research.
Agreeing to Agree: A Response to Dempsey's Commentary on the Reported Prevalence by Australian Special Educators of Evidence-Based Instructional Practices
Authors: Carter Mark , Stephenson Jennifer , Strnadová Iva 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDempsey (this issue) has provided a commentary on our study (Carter, Stephenson, & Strnadová, 2011) examining the reported rates of use of instructional practices by Australian special educators. Examining this commentary, it is evident that on many issues we are on the same page and agree on many of the fundamental conclusions to be drawn from the study. Nevertheless, Dempsey did express concern regarding several aspects of the reporting of the study, which were suggested to have the ‘potential to mislead’ readers. In essence, these criticisms revolve around four substantive points and these will each be addressed.
Applying semantics to Parlay-based services for telecommunication and Internet networks
Authors: Qiao Xiuquan , Li Xiaofeng , Fensel Anna , Su Fang 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Ubiquitous convergent telecommunication and Internet networks need to deliver services and content to users in a way that is tailored to the users’ context information and preferences. Thus, there is a new challenge in the areas of accurate service description, linking dynamic service discovery and invocation, which involves the services of telecom networks and the Internet. Semantic annotation can provide advantages for precise service description, discovery and composition. However, open service interface specifications of telecommunication networks are currently still in the syntactic level. By applying semantics to Parlay-based services for telecommunication networks and the Internet, we present an OWL-S-based semantic description approach for telecommunication network services, enabled by the telecommunication service domain ontologies to address the semantic interoperability that exists. Using this approach, we have implemented the semantic telecommunication services gateway and proposed the unified service integration architecture of telecommunication and Internet networks within the semantic-web service environment. Proof-of-concept prototype and case studies demonstrate the practical feasibility of the suggested solution.
A novel performance evaluation paradigm for automated video surveillance systems
Authors: Chen Chung-Hao , Yao Yi , Koschan Andreas , Abidi Mongi 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Most existing performance evaluation methods concentrate on defining various metrics over a wide range of conditions and generating standard benchmarking video sequences to examine the effectiveness of a video tracking system. It is a common practice to incorporate a robustness margin or factor into the system/algorithm design. However, these methods, deterministic approaches, often lead to overdesign, thus increasing costs, or underdesign, causing frequent system failures. In order to overcome the aforementioned limitations, we propose an alternative framework to analyze the physics of the failure process via the concept of reliability. In comparison with existing approaches where system performance is evaluated based on a given benchmarking sequence, the advantage of our proposed framework lies in that a unified and statistical index is used to evaluate the performance of an automated video surveillance system independent of input sequences. Meanwhile, based on our proposed framework, the uncertainty problem of a failure process caused by the system’s complexity, imprecise measurements of the relevant physical constants and variables, and the indeterminate nature of future events can be addressed accordingly.
Clinical decision support system: risk level prediction of heart disease using weighted fuzzy rules and decision tree rules
Authors: Anooj Padmakumari 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The development of medical domain applications has been one of the most active research areas recently. One example of a medical domain application is a detection system for heart disease based on computer-aided diagnosis methods, where the data is obtained from some other sources and is evaluated by computer based applications. Up to now, computers have usually been used to build knowledge based clinical decision support systems which used the knowledge from medical experts, and transferring this knowledge into computer algorithms was done manually. This process is time consuming and really depends on the medical expert’s opinion, which may be subjective. To handle this problem, machine learning techniques have been developed to gain knowledge automatically from examples or raw data. Here, a weighted fuzzy rule-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) is presented for the diagnosis of heart disease, automatically obtaining the knowledge from the patient’s clinical data. The proposed clinical decision support system for risk prediction of heart patients consists of two phases, (1) automated approach for generation of weighted fuzzy rules and decision tree rules, and, (2) developing a fuzzy rule-based decision support system. In the first phase, we have used the mining technique, attribute selection and attribute weightage method to obtain the weighted fuzzy rules. Then, the fuzzy system is constructed in accordance with the weighted fuzzy rules and chosen attributes. Finally, the experimentation is carried out on the proposed system using the datasets obtained from the UCI repository and the performance of the system is compared with the neural network-based system utilizing accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.
Fading out of the trophic cascade at the base of the microbial food web caused by changes in the grazing community in mesocosm experiments
Authors: Jasser Iwona , Kostrzewska-Szlakowska Iwona 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Biomanipulation of consumer populations can have strong top-down impacts on the composition and biomass of lower trophic levels. In this paper, we assess how changes in crustaceans’ biomass influence classical grazing and the microbial food web in an oligo-mesohumic, low-pH lake (Mazurian Lake District, Poland). Removal of mesozooplankton from the experimental mesocosms created a gradient of crustacean biomass resulting in the biomass increase of rotifers, phytoplankton and protozooplankton, while autotrophic eukaryotic picoplankton (eu-APP) and bacteria were not affected. The strongest modifications concerned the rotifer biomass and phytoplankton community structure. Our results imply that the trophic cascade generated in the experiment did not extend to bacteria and eu-APP.
Percid occupation of submersed riverine macrophytes: food resource partitioning between perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) and ruffe (Gymnocephalus cernuus L.)
Authors: Dukowska Małgorzata , Grzybkowska Maria , Lik Joanna , Jurasz Wojciech 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In a reservoir tailwater of the large, lowland Warta River, perch and ruffe coexist in a macrophyte habitat, which develops as a result of low water discharge in the late spring and summer. At the beginning of each year the diet of both percids, when shorter than 100 mm, is dominated by large, benthic Hydropsyche. Later in the year, epiphytic Chironomidae and Simuliidae replace these trichopterans in the perch diet, and benthic Chironomidae replace them in the ruffe diet. Large cladoceran species then become accessory food items for perch. Consequently, the food niche overlap of these two percids during the research period is only marginal.
The effect of traumatic acid on the growth, metabolite content and antioxidant activity in Wolffia arrhiza (L.) Wimm. (Lemnaceae)
Authors: Pietryczuk Anna , Czerpak Romuald 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The research presented here was conducted in order to determine the influence of exogenous traumatic acid (TA) on the growth, metabolism, and antioxidative activity of vascular water plant, Wolffia arrhiza Wimm. The research was concerned with TA influences, in concentrations of 10−8 M − 10−4 M, on fresh W. arrhiza, and on primary metabolites, such as monosaccharides, proteins, chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoids. It was determined that TA causes a substantial increase in these metabolites compared to the control, especially at concentrations of 10−7 − 10−6 M. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of proteins (SDS-PAGE) was conducted in order to specify in more detail the qualitative changes in proteins, whose synthesis is stimulated by TA. Under the influence of TA W. arrhiza cells saw an induction of de novo synthesis of 3 proteins with molecular weights of 10, 58, and 90 kDa. It was proven that 10−7 − 10−6 M concentrations of TA also increase photosynthesis intensity and the activity of antioxidative enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase). In cells treated with exogenous TA, lipids’ peroxidation decreases (expressed as a drop in malonyl dialdehyde) and sulfhydryl (SH) groups in proteins increase. Based on our research, TA plays an important role in the regulation of growth and metabolism in W. arrhiza. Our results also show that TA possibly participates in the activation of antioxidant enzymes and its probable participation in the metabolic responses of lower water plants to oxidative stresses.
Effects of grass carp introduction on macrophyte communities in a shallow lake
Authors: Krupska Joanna , Pełechaty Mariusz , Pukacz Andrzej , Ossowski Przemysław 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In 2002, 2005 and 2007 vegetation and physicochemical properties of pelagial water were investigated in a shallow mid-forest lake. In 2002, the highest phytocoenotic diversity was recorded; charophytes and vascular submerged macrophytes formed their own extensive communities. After stocking with grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella Val.) in 2002, reduction of water transparency, as well as changes in qualitative and quantitative composition of macrophyte communities were observed. Submerged vegetation declined during subsequent growing seasons. Charophyte meadows vanished first.
The introduction of grass carp appeared to be a potential trigger for the rapid changes observed in the vegetation.
The story of one clam. Probably the oldest location of the Chinese pond mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834) (Bivalvia, Unionidae) in Poland
Authors: Urbańska Maria , Łakomy Andrzej , Andrzejewski Wojciech , Mazurkiewicz Jan 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
The discovery of a shell of the Chinese pond mussel in 1998 and further confirmation of this species indicate that a reservoir with natural thermal conditions is the oldest species location in Poland. Growth increments of an archival shell do not fall within the ranges obtained by this species in Konin lakes. They are, however, close to population ranges from Hungary. In contrast to other specimens found, the analyzed shell has a very high H/L ratio and is thicker. The observed features might result from the founder effect or they might point to a considerable plasticity of the species.
Monsoon-driven dynamics of environmental factors and phytoplankton in tropical Sanya Bay, South China sea
Authors: Wu Mei-Lin , Zhang Yan-Ying , Dong Jun-De , Cai Chuang-Hua , Wang You-Shao , Long Li-Juan , Zhang Si 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
In this work, we analyze environmental (physical and chemical) and biological (phytoplankton) data obtained in Sanya Bay during four cruises, carried out in January, April, August, and October. The main objective of this study was to identify the key environmental factors affecting phytoplankton structure and bacterioplankton in the bay. Results suggest that spatial variations in the phytoplankton community and bacterioplankton biomass are the result of nutrients. Temporal variation in the abundance of bacterioplankton and phytoplankton are affected by a combination of physical and biological factors, such as temperature and nutrients. The silicate, phosphate, and nitrogen phytoplankton require for growth may be co-limited. Monsoon winds (a southwestern monsoon during summer and a northeastern monsoon during winter) play important roles in controlling the phytoplankton community and bacterioplankton abundance in Sanya Bay, northern South China Sea.