bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the bone density estimated by cone‐beam computed tomography and the primary stability of dental implants
Authors: Isoda Kei , Ayukawa Yasunori , Tsukiyama Yoshihiro , Sogo Motofumi , Matsushita Yasuyuki , Koyano Kiyoshi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives: The aims of this study were to objectively assess bone quality with density values obtained by cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to determine the correlations between bone density and primary stability of dental implants.Material and methods: Eighteen Straumann implants were inserted into 18 fresh femoral heads of swine. The bone densities of implant recipient sites were preoperatively determined by the density value using CBCT. The maximum insertion torque value of each implant was recorded using a digital torque meter. Resonance frequency, which represented a quantitative unit called the implant stability quotient (ISQ), was measured using an Osstell® Mentor immediately after the implant placement. Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated to evaluate the correlations among density values, insertion torques, and ISQs at implant placement.Results: The density values ranged from 98 to 902. The mean density value, insertion torque, and ISQ were 591±226, 13.4±5.2 Ncm, and 67.1±8.1, respectively. Statistically significant correlations were found between the density values and insertion torque (rs=0.796, P<0.001), density values and ISQ (rs=0.529, P=0.024), and insertion torque and ISQ (rs=0.758, P<0.001).Conclusions: The bone quality evaluated by specific CBCT showed a high correlation with the primary stability of the implants. Hence, preoperative density value estimations by CBCT may allow clinicians to predict implant stability. Whether the density values obtained by the CBCT device used in the present study could be applied to other devices requires further elucidation.To cite this article: Isoda K, Ayukawa Y, Tsukiyama Y, Sogo M, Matsushita Y, Koyano K. Relationship between the bone density estimated by cone‐beam computed tomography and the primary stability of dental implants.  Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 832–836 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02203.x
Failure analysis of fractured dental zirconia implants
Authors: Gahlert M. , Burtscher D. , Grunert I. , Kniha H. , Steinhauser E. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of the present study was the macroscopic and microscopic failure analysis of fractured zirconia dental implants.
Methods: Thirteen fractured one‐piece zirconia implants (Z‐Look3) out of 170 inserted implants with an average in situ period of 36.75±5.34 months (range from 20 to 56 months, median 38 months) were prepared for macroscopic and microscopic (scanning electron microscopy [SEM]) failure analysis. These 170 implants were inserted in 79 patients. The patient histories were compared with fracture incidences to identify the reasons for the failure of the implants.
Results: Twelve of these fractured implants had a diameter of 3.25 mm and one implant had a diameter of 4 mm. All fractured implants were located in the anterior side of the maxilla and mandibula. The patient with the fracture of the 4 mm diameter implant was adversely affected by strong bruxism. By failure analysis (SEM), it could be demonstrated that in all cases, mechanical overloading caused the fracture of the implants. Inhomogeneities and internal defects of the ceramic material could be excluded, but notches and scratches due to sandblasting of the surface led to local stress concentrations that led to the mentioned mechanical overloading by bending loads.
Conclusions: The present study identified a fracture rate of nearly 10% within a follow‐up period of 36.75 months after prosthetic loading. Ninety‐two per cent of the fractured implants were so‐called diameter reduced implants (diameter 3.25 mm). These diameter reduced implants cannot be recommended for further clinical use. Improvement of the ceramic material and modification of the implant geometry has to be carried out to reduce the failure rate of small‐sized ceramic implants. Nevertheless, due to the lack of appropriate laboratory testing, only clinical studies will demonstrate clearly whether and how far the failure rate can be reduced.
To cite this article: Gahlert M, Burtscher D, Grunert I, Kniha H, Steinhauser E. Failure analysis of fractured dental zirconia implants. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 287–293 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02206.x
Macroecological drivers of alien conifer naturalizations worldwide
Authors: Essl Franz , Mang Thomas , Dullinger Stefan , Moser Dietmar , Hulme Philip E. 
Published: May 2011

Understanding the factors that drive the global distribution of alien species is a pivotal issue in invasion biology. Here, we used data on naturalized conifers (Pinaceae, Cupressaceae) from sixty temperate and subtropical regions and five continents to test how environmental and socio‐economic conditions of recipient areas as well as introduction efforts affect naturalization probabilities. We collated 18 predictor variables for each region describing environmental, biogeographic and socio‐economic conditions as well as a measure of the macro‐climatic match with the species' native ranges, and the extent to which alien conifers are used in commercial forestry. Naturalization probabilities across all species and regions were then related to these predictor variables by means of generalized linear mixed models.For both Pinaceae and Cupressaceae, naturalization probabilities were generally higher in the Southern Hemisphere, and increased with indicators of habitat diversity of the recipient region. The match in macro‐climatic conditions between the native and introduced regions was a significant predictor of conifer naturalization, but socio‐economic variables were less powerful predictors. Only for Cupressaceae did a socio‐economic variable (human population density) affect naturalization probabilities. Key attributes facilitating naturalization were related to introduction effort. Moreover, usage in commercial forestry generally fostered naturalization, although the actual size of alien conifer plantations in a region was only correlated with the naturalization of Pinaceae.Our results suggest that climate matching, habitat diversity and introduction effort co‐determine the probability of naturalization, which additionally, is modulated by biogeographic features of the recipient area, such as incidence of natural enemies or competitors. To date, the most widely used tools for invasive plant risk assessment only account for climate match and rarely factor in other attributes of the recipient environment. Future tools should additionally consider biotic environment and introduction effort if risk assessment is to be effective.
The potential influence of far-infrared emission lines on the selection of high-redshift galaxies
Authors: Smail Ian , Swinbank A. M. , Ivison R. J. , Ibar E. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
We investigate whether strong molecular and atomic emission lines at far-infrared wavelengths can influence the identification and derived properties of galaxies selected from broad-band, far-infrared or submillimetre observations. Several of these lines, for example, [C II] 158 µm, have been found to be very bright in some galaxies, with fluxes of ≳0.1–1 per cent of the total far-infrared luminosity, and may be even brighter in certain populations at high redshifts. At redshifts where these lines fall in instrument passbands, they can significantly increase the broad-band flux measurements. We estimate that the contributions from line emission could boost the apparent broad-band flux by ≳20–40 per cent in the Herschel and SCUBA-2 bands. Combined with the steep source counts in the submillimetre and far-infrared bands, line contamination has potentially significant consequences for the properties of sources detected in flux-limited continuum surveys, biasing the derived redshift distributions and bolometric luminosities. Indeed, it is possible that some z &lt; 4 sources found in 850-µm surveys are being identified in part due to the line contamination from strong [C II] emission. These biases may be even stronger for less-luminous and lower metallicity populations at high redshifts, which are observable with the ALMA and which may have even stronger line-to-continuum ratios.
Controlled Exogenous Enzyme Imbibition and Activation in Whole Chickpea Seed Enzyme Reactor (SER)
Authors: Kliger Eynav , Fischer Lutz , Lutz‐Wahl Sabine , Saguy I. Sam 
Published: May 2011

Abstract:  Chickpeas are of excellent quality (protein, vitamins, minerals, unsaturated fatty acids) and very low in phytoestrogen, making them a potentially promising source for vegetarian‐based infant formula (VBIF). However, their high starch and fiber concentration could hinder their utilization for infants. To overcome this natural shortcoming, a solid‐state “enzymation” (SSE) process was developed in which imbibition of exogenous enzyme facilitates hydrolysis within the intact chickpea seed. The process was termed seed enzyme reactor (SER). Liquid imbibition data of dry chickpeas during soaking were fitted with the Weibull distribution model. The derived Weibull shape parameter, β, value (0.77 ± 0.11) indicated that the imbibition mechanism followed Fickian diffusion. Imbibition occurred through the coat and external layers. The process was tested using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as an exogenous marker, and involved soaking, thermal treatment, peeling, microwave partial drying, rehydration in enzyme solution, and SSE at an adjusted pH, time, and temperature. Amylases, or a combination of amylases and cellulases, resulted in significant carbohydrate hydrolysis (23% and 47% of the available starch, respectively). In addition, chickpea initial raffinose and stachyose concentration was significantly reduced (91% and 92%, respectively). The process could serve as a proof of concept, requiring additional development and optimization to become a full industrial application.Practical Application:  Chickpeas have high nutritional quality making them a potentially promising source for VBIF. However, their high starch and fiber concentration hinder their utilization. A SSE process was developed. Essentially, it turns every seed into a SER. Exogenous enzymes were transported by imbibition into the intact chickpea seed. The process consisted of: soaking and heat treatment; peeling; partial microwave drying; resoaking in enzyme solution; controlled reaction time. Commercial low‐cost enzyme(s) were used. Starch digestibility was selected as the main target due to its high concentration. The process was first tested using GFP as an exogenous marker. Amylases, and/or a combination of amylases and cellulases, resulted in significant carbohydrate hydrolysis (up to 47% of the available starch). The concentration of oligosaccharides content was also decreased. The process has the potential of circumventing relatively expensive downstream steps, such as separation spray drying, and so on.
Tertiary bone grafting using calvarial bone transplants in patients with cleft lip and alveolus
Authors: Smolka W. , Smolka K. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTertiary osteoplasty of alveolar cleft defects is often necessary in patients where bone resorption after secondary osteoplasty leads to an insufficient amount of bone of the alveolar crest. In most of the cases, the permanent tooth of the cleft area is missing and needs to be restored with an implant. Because of an insufficient bony support, tertiary bone grafting prior to implant insertion is necessary. Three cases of tertiary osteoplasty of alveolar cleft defects are presented. Good clinical results and low graft resorption of calvarial bone grafts after tertiary osteoplasty in patients with cleft lip and alveolus let us presume that these kinds of grafts are a promising alternative to iliac bone transplants.
Creating the Writer of the Cleric's Words
Authors: LUPTON CHRISTINA 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis essay argues that, although Anglican sermons were recognised as derivative compositions, it was important to their readers that they were handwritten documents. The discussion traces the effect of handwriting as a virtual dimension of printed writings by and about the clergy, focusing on Tristram Shandy, Mansfield Park and the faux manuscript sermons of John Trusler as texts drawing attention to religious writing at the surface of the page. The article supplements the account given by literary historians of original authorship and creativity as the immaterial categories used to counteract the proliferation of writing in the age of print.
Mediating Abolition: The Collaborative Consciousness of Liverpool's William Roscoe and James Currie
Authors: KRAWCZYK SCOTT 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis essay examines the collaborative relationship and networking strategies of the Liverpool abolitionists William Roscoe and James Currie. Specifically, through close readings of poetry, pamphlets and letters, the essay considers three aspects of the partnership: its logistical (networking) strategies; its rhetorical and collaborative strategies, including how individual writings mutually reinforced each other; and how collaboration fostered a deeply intimate bond between the two men. I introduce the term ‘collaborative consciousness’ to denote not only the intimacy generated by shared writing and activism but also the consciousness‐raising that occurred among and within activist networks of abolition and Dissent.
Confluence: William and Dorothy Wordsworth in 1798
Authors: NEWLYN LUCY 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDorothy Wordsworth's Alfoxden Journal exemplifies the collaborative nature of creativity in the Wordsworth household. As a kind of commonplace book, it served to record shared experiences (often connected with conversations) which could be used as a future creative resource. But it was also an expression of Dorothy's own unique way of seeing and responding to the natural world, which played a vital role in William's intellectual development. This essay traces the influence of Dorothy's prose style on William's poetry during 1798, analysing the complex interactions between observation, conversation and recollection that took place in the compositional processes of both writers.
Untranslatable Wordsworth?
Authors: FAIRLEY IAN 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis essay explores Coleridge's claim that the creative ground of Wordsworth's poetry is its ‘untranslatableness in words of the same language without injury to the meaning’. Proposing that Schleiermacher's concept of Unübertragbarkeit can be understood as an analogue of Coleridge's ‘untranslatableness’, I suggest that Schleiermacher's thinking about the ethics of self‐possession can gloss a Wordsworthian hermeneutic of self‐expression. I then seek to describe the operation of translation in the Simplon Pass episode of The Prelude, and conclude by exploring the translatable or untranslatable nature of selfhood in the mother–child relationships imagined in ‘The Blind Highland Boy’ and ‘The Idiot Boy’.
The Shelleys and the Art of Suffering
Authors: DAVIES JEREMY 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMary Shelley's posthumous editions of Percy Shelley's poetry and prose have been regarded as striking examples of collaborative literary achievement, but in her editorial annotations Mary represents her husband's work as the result of his innately solitary genius. She does so in particular by associating his creative power with his constitutional ill‐health. Via a reading of Percy's Julian and Maddalo, I argue that this connection between creativity and bodily debility does not imply that his poetry annuls the social context of its writing; instead, Mary seeks to ameliorate the conflict between philanthropy and sociability that she detects in Percy's work.
The effect of MICA antigens on transplant outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Lu Jun , Luo Lei , Guo Yingjia , Long Dan , Wei Liang , Shan Juan , Feng Li , Li Shengfu , Yang Xiaoyan , Lu Yiping , Krams Sheri , Li Youping 
Published: May 2011

Abstract Background and Objective: Human major histocompatibility complex class I‐related gene A (MICA) is reportedly associated with poor transplant outcomes and a high risk of acute and chronic rejection in solid organ transplantation. However, studies on these risks have found conflicting results. In order to identify areas in which additional research is needed, we have undertaken the first systematic review of evidence concerning the risk of anti‐MICA antibodies in recipients’ sera. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for original reports of clinical studies involving detection of MICA abs in transplant recipients’ sera which used survival rate, acute rejection, and/or chronic rejection as outcome measures. RevMan 5.0.15 was used to calculate relative risk (RR), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs). Results: We found 18 relevant articles, with a total of 6,607 recipients. Follow‐up duration ranged from 1 to 15 years. In studies with more than 2 years of follow‐up, anti‐MICA abs positive in kidney recipients’ post‐transplant sera was associated with a lower graft survival rate (4 years: RR = 2.04, 95%CI 1.30 to 3.22; 3 years: OR = 3.56, 95%CI 1.47 to 8.62; 2 years: RR = 2.17, 95%CI 1.09 to 4.31) and a higher acute rejection rate (RR = 1.92, 95%CI 1.27 to 2.91), but there was no clear association with chronic rejection. Similar conclusions could not be drawn for heart or liver transplantation due to possible confounding by anti‐HLA abs and the small sample sizes of the available studies. Conclusion: Anti‐MICA antibodies in recipients’ sera may associated with poor graft survival rates and high risk of acute and chronic rejection in solid organ transplantation, but more rigorous studies are needed to confirm or refute this relationship. Current immunosuppressive therapy may fail to suppress the harmful effect of MICA antigens.
A MODEL FOR ESTIMATING PREMIUMS TO REDUCE IRRIGATION ON FARMS
Authors: JÚDEZ LUCINIO , DE ANDRÉS ROSARIO , IBÁÑEZ MIGUEL , URZAINQUI ELVIRA 
Published: May 2011

Abstract This paper aims to determine the minimum agri‐environmental premium per hectare that farmers should receive to reduce crop irrigation.To this end, the authors develop a mixed‐integer quadratic model using a new methodology based on traditional positive mathematical programming, which allows the inclusion in the model of crop variants that are not present in the baseline situation of the farms.What is shown is that the results obtained with this new methodology, using the cost average approach of calibration, are the same as those obtained with an empirical method, when there is no change of crop distribution after the changeover from irrigated to nonirrigated farms.The theoretical results are compared with those obtained using the calibration with exogenous elasticities and are illustrated numerically for a representative farm of an area around Spain's Tablas de Daimiel in which the use of groundwater for crop irrigation has led to the ongoing deterioration of wetlands that depend on the same source of water, endangering the region's environmental sustainability.
Upgraded Cobas Ampliprep-Cobas TaqMan Version 2.0 HIV-1 RNA Quantification Assay versus First Version: Correction of Underestimations
Authors: Wirden M. , Tubiana R. , Fourati S. , Thevenin M. , Simon A. , Canestri A. , Ait-Arkoub Z. , Soulie C. , Marcelin A. G. , Katlama C. , Calvez V. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACT

The large underestimations of HIV RNA quantification observed in 17 patients with the first version of Cobas TaqMan assay have been successfully corrected in the upgraded version 2.0. In comparison with the Abbott RealTime assay, the mean difference that was 1.18 log
10
copies/ml is now zero. The discrepancies have disappeared.
Fatal Invasive Infection with Fungemia Due to Microascus cirrosus after Heart and Lung Transplantation in a Patient with Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Miossec Charline , Morio Florent , Lepoivre Thierry , Le Pape Patrice , Garcia-Hermoso Dea , Gay-Andrieu Françoise , Haloun Alain , Treilhaud Michele , Leclair François , Miegeville Michel 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACT

Scopulariopsis
species are rarely but increasingly recognized as opportunistic pathogens in immunocompromised patients. We report on a patient suffering from cystic fibrosis who developed disseminated fungal infection due to a rare
Scopulariopsis
species,
Microascus cirrosus
, after heart and lung transplantation. Despite antifungal combination therapy with voriconazole and caspofungin, the patient died 4 weeks after transplantation. Diagnostic difficulties and optimal management of disseminated
Scopulariopsis
/
Microascus
infections are discussed.
Hematogenously Disseminated Skin Disease Caused by
Mucor velutinosus
in a Patient with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Sugui Janyce A. , Christensen Jesica A. , Bennett John E. , Zelazny Adrian M. , Kwon-Chung Kyung J. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACT

We report here a case of disseminated skin infection caused by
Mucor velutinosus
, a recently described new species. We believe this to be the first published report of a clinical case of mucormycosis due to
M. velutinosus
, as well as a rare case of dissemination from a deep site to skin.
Reevaluation of the Taxonomic Status of Recently Described Species of Enterococcus: Evidence that E. thailandicus Is a Senior Subjective Synonym of “E. sanguinicola” and Confirmation of E. caccae as a Species Distinct from E. silesiacus
Authors: Shewmaker Patricia Lynn , Steigerwalt Arnold G. , Nicholson Ainsley C. , Carvalho Maria da Glória S. , Facklam Richard R. , Whitney Anne M. , Teixeira Lúcia M. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACT

Several of the more recently proposed new species of
Enterococcus
are nearly identical based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phenotypic traits. In the present study, DNA-DNA reassociation experiments, in conjunction with sequencing of the 16S rRNA and
rpoB
genes, provided evidence that “
Enterococcus sanguinicola
” and
Enterococcus thailandicus
actually represent the same species. In contrast,
Enterococcus caccae
and
Enterococcus silesiacus
, two other species with nearly identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, were confirmed to be separate species.
Evaluation of BacT/Alert 3D Automated Unit for Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Requiring Incubation at 30°C for Optimal Growth
Authors: Alfa Michelle J. , Manickam Kanchana , Sepehri Shadi , Sitter Denise , Lenton Pat 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACT

The reliability of the BacT/Alert 3D unit for automated detection of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) that grow optimally at 30°C was assessed. This system reliably maintained a temperature of 30°C and detected 50% of the clinical NTM strains (5
Mycobacterium marinum
and 3
Mycobacterium gordonae
strains) faster than 37°C culture.