bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interventions during pregnancy to reduce excessive gestational weight gain: a systematic review assessing current clinical evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system
Authors: Ronnberg AK , Nilsson K 
Published: June 2010

Please cite this paper as: Ronnberg A, Nilsson K. Interventions during pregnancy to reduce excessive gestational weight gain: a systematic review assessing current clinical evidence using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. BJOG 2010;117:1327–1334.Background  Excessive weight gain during pregnancy is common in developed countries and increases the risk of complications during pregnancy, delivery and the postpartum period, which can affect both maternal and fetal outcome. Interventions to reduce excessive gestational weight gain have previously not been systematically evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system.Objectives  To determine whether published trials of interventions to reduce excessive gestational weight gain are of sufficient quality and provide sufficient data to enable evidence‐based recommendations to be developed for clinical practice in antenatal care.Search strategy  A literature search was conducted in the scientific databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Cinhal and Pedro, and the reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed. The literature search was concluded on 15 August 2009.Selection criteria  All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were considered for inclusion. As the number of published RCTs was limited, we also considered for inclusion all nonrandomised intervention studies that included a control group. Systematic reviews were examined to identify additional original studies.Data collection and analysis  Two reviewers independently assessed the quality of the methods and results of all included articles. Extracted data were classified using the GRADE system.Main results  Four intervention studies with a randomised controlled design and four intervention trials with a nonrandomised controlled design met the inclusion criteria. As a consequence of important limitations in study design, inconsistency and lack of directness, the overall quality of evidence was judged to be very low using the GRADE system.Authors’ conclusions  The results of published intervention trials are of insufficient quality to enable evidence‐based recommendations to be developed for clinical practice in antenatal care.
Mending the broken brain: neuroimmune interactions in neurogenesis
Authors: Molina‐Holgado Eduardo , Molina‐Holgado Francisco 
Published: June 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 114, 1277–1290.AbstractNeuroimmune networks and the brain endocannabinoid system contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis. Cytokines and chemokines are important neuroinflammatory mediators that are involved in the pathological processes resulting from brain trauma, ischemia and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. However, they are also involved in brain repair and recovery. Compelling evidence obtained, in vivo and in vitro, establish a dynamic interplay between the endocannabinoid system, the immune system and neural stem/progenitor cells (NSC) in order to promote brain self‐repair. Cross‐talk between inflammatory mediators and NSC might have important consequences for neural development and brain repair. In addition, brain immune cells (microglia) support NSC renewal, migration and lineage specification. The proliferation and differentiation of multipotent NSC must be precisely controlled during the development of the CNS, as well as for adult brain repair. Although signalling through neuroimmune networks has been implicated in many aspects of neural development, how it affects NSC remains unclear. However, recent findings have clearly demonstrated that there is bi‐directional cross‐talk between NSC, and the neuroimmune network to control the signals involved in self‐renewal and differentiation of NSC. Specifically, there is evidence emerging that neuroimmune interactions control the generation of new functional neurones from adult NSC. Here, we review the evidence that neuroimmune networks contribute to neurogenesis, focusing on the regulatory mechanisms that favour the immune system (immune cells and immune molecules) as a novel element in the coordination of the self‐renewal, migration and differentiation of NSC in the CNS. In conjunction, these data suggest a novel mode of action for the immune system in neurogenesis that may be of therapeutic interest in the emerging field of brain repair.
WAY‐318068: a novel, potent and selective noradrenaline re‐uptake inhibitor with activity in rodent models of pain and depression
Authors: Whiteside GT , Dwyer JM , Harrison JE , Beyer CE , Cummons T , Manzino L , Mark L , Johnston GH , Strassle BW , Adedoyin A , Lu P , Piesla MJ , Pulicicchio CM , Erve JCL , Platt BJ , Hughes ZA , Rogers KE , Deecher DC , Trybulski EJ , Kennedy JD , Zhang P , Leventhal L 
Published: June 2010

Background and purpose:  Antidepressants, which raise the CNS concentrations of 5‐HT and noradrenaline, are frequently used in the treatment of chronic pain; however, it is not known if increasing CNS noradrenaline levels alone is sufficient for efficacy, in part resulting from a lack of small molecules with sufficient selectivity.Experimental approach:  In this report, we present the in vitro pharmacological and in vivo pharmacokinetic and pharmacological properties of the novel, orally available and CNS penetrant inhibitor of the noradrenaline transporter (NET), WAY‐318068 (1‐[(1S,2R)‐1‐(3,5‐difluorophenyl)‐2‐hydroxy‐3‐(methylamino)propyl]‐7‐fluoro‐3,3‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dihydro‐2H‐indol‐2‐one).Key results:  WAY‐318068 is a potent and effective inhibitor of the NET with a Ki of 8.7 nM in a binding assay, and an IC50 of 6.8 nM in an assay of transporter function, without significant binding to the dopamine transporter. Furthermore, the compound has only weak activity at the 5‐HT transporter, leading to a functional selectivity of greater than 2500‐fold. It is orally bioavailable with substantial quantities of the compound found in the CNS after oral dosing. As measured by microdialysis in rats, the compound causes a robust and significant increase in cortical noradrenaline levels without affecting 5‐HT. WAY‐318068 was effective in models of acute, visceral, inflammatory, osteoarthritic, neuropathic, diabetic and bone cancer pain, as well as in traditional models of depression at doses that do not cause motor deficits.Conclusions and implications:  Collectively, the present results support the conclusion that selectively increasing CNS levels of noradrenaline is sufficient for efficacy in models of depression and pain.
Monitoring the healing of combat wounds using Raman spectroscopic mapping
Authors: Crane Nicole J. , Brown Trevor S. , Evans Korboi N. , Hawksworth Jason S. , Hussey Sean , Tadaki Doug K. , Elster Eric A. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTSoldiers wounded in modern warfare present with extensive and complicated acute wounds, confounded by an overwhelming inflammatory response. The pathophysiology of acute wounds is unknown and timing of wound closure remains subjective. Collagen gene expression profiles are presented for 24 patients. Impaired healing wounds showed a twofold decrease in the up‐regulation of COL1A1 and COL3A1 genes in the beginning of the wound healing process, compared with normal healing wounds. By the final debridement, however, collagen gene expression profiles for normal and impaired healing wounds were similar for COL1A1 and COL3A1. In addition, Raman spectroscopic maps were collected of biopsy tissue sections, from the first and last debridements of 10 wounds collected from nine patients. Tissue components obtained for the debridement biopsies were compared to elucidate whether or not a wound healed normally. Raman spectroscopy showed a loss of collagen in five patients, indicated by a negative percent difference in the 1,665/1,445 cm−1 band area ratios. Four healed patients showed an increased or unchanged collagen content. Here, we demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopic analysis of wound biopsies for classification of wounds as normal or impaired healing. Raman spectroscopy has the potential to noninvasively monitor collagen deposition in the wound bed, during surgical wound debridements, to help determine the optimal time for wound closure.
Influence of Artificial Accelerated Aging on Dimensional Stability of Acrylic Resins Submitted to Different Storage Protocols
Authors: Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti , Roselino Lourenço de Moraes Rego , Mundim Fabrício Mariano , Pires‐de‐Souza Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri , Consani Simonides 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of artificial accelerated aging on dimensional stability of two types of acrylic resins (thermally and chemically activated) submitted to different protocols of storage. Materials and Methods: One hundred specimens were made using a Teflon matrix (1.5 cm × 0.5 mm) with four imprint marks, following the lost‐wax casting method. The specimens were divided into ten groups, according to the type of acrylic resin, aging procedure, and storage protocol (30 days). GI: acrylic resins thermally activated, aging, storage in artificial saliva for 16 hours, distilled water for 8 hours; GII: thermal, aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, dry for 8 hours; GIII: thermal, no aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, distilled water for 8 hours, GIV: thermal, no aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, dry for 8 hours; GV: acrylic resins chemically activated, aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, distilled water for 8 hours; GVI: chemical, aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, dry for 8 hours; GVII: chemical, no aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, distilled water for 8 hours; GVIII: chemical, no aging, artificial saliva for 16 hours, dry for 8 hours GIX: thermal, dry for 24 hours; and GX: chemical, dry for 24 hours. All specimens were photographed before and after treatment, and the images were evaluated by software (UTHSCSA – Image Tool) that made distance measurements between the marks in the specimens (mm), calculating the dimensional stability. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (two‐way ANOVA, Tukey test, p= 0.05). Results: Statistical analysis showed that the specimens submitted to storage in water presented the largest distance between both axes (major and minor), statistically different (p < 0.05) from control groups. Conclusions: All acrylic resins presented dimensional changes, and the artificial accelerated aging and storage period influenced these alterations.
TMJ Vibrations in Asymptomatic Patients Using Old and New Complete Dentures
Authors: Goiato Marcelo Coelho , Rosalino Garcia Alício , Dos Santos Daniela Micheline , Pesqueira Aldiéris Alves 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the presence of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) noises in subjects with severe bone resorption, who have worn the same complete dentures for over 10 years, and 5 months after treatment with increments of acrylic resin on the occlusal surface after having new dentures in place. Methods: After applying the research diagnostic criteria (RDC)/temporomandibular disorder (TMD) questionnaire, 20 asymptomatic subjects were assessed before and 5 months after the new dentures were put in place. Joint vibrations were assessed by the Sono Pak program by selecting the vibrations that occurred during the opening and closing cycle. Results: The means of the results revealed a nonnormal distribution and were submitted to Kruskal‐Wallis statistical analysis (p < 0.05). The vibration means were of low intensity (≤9.96 Hz). After rehabilitation, there was a reduction in the vibrations (≤5.2 Hz) statistically significant only at the end of mouth opening with the old dentures when compared with the other cycles. Conclusion: The intensity and number of occurrences of joint vibrations were reduced after 5 months of wearing new dentures.
Use of sterile saline as a conduction agent for ultrasound visualization of central venous structures
Authors: Windish Ryan , Ungar Todd , Backlund Brandon , Haukoos Jason S , Kendall John 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjective:  To determine whether sterile saline as a conduction agent provides adequate visualization of anatomic structures to attempt ultrasound‐guided vascular access.Methods:  This prospective study involved a convenience sample of adult patients (18 years and older) who presented to an urban academic ED during a 3‐month study period. Each patient had three six‐second ultrasound video clips obtained of the right internal jugular vein and surrounding structures utilizing three different conduction agents, water‐based gel (the control), sterile saline or no conduction agent. Video clips were randomized and assigned a numeric code to blind reviewers to the conduction agent. They were then independently reviewed by two experts who determined whether anatomic structures were visualized with enough detail to perform ultrasound‐guided vascular access. The reviewers also rated the overall image quality of each video clip using a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS).Results:  Forty‐seven patients were included in the final analysis. The raw agreement was 100% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 93–100%) with a kappa of 1.0 between the two reviewers in assessing whether they would be able to perform vascular access using the images obtained using saline as a conduction agent. The median VAS for gel across both reviewers was 92 (95% CI: 90–93) and the median VAS differences for saline and no medium were –3 (95% CI: –1 to –3) and –46 (95% CI: –22 to –61), respectively.Conclusions:  The use of sterile saline as a conduction agent allows adequate visualization of anatomic structures to attempt ultrasound‐guided vascular access.
MICROBIAL DYNAMICS DURING THE FERMENTATION OF WAKALIM, A TRADITIONAL ETHIOPIAN FERMENTED SAUSAGE
Authors: BACHA KETEMA , JONSSON HANS , ASHENAFI MOGESSIE 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTWakalim is a spiced traditional Ethiopian fermented beef sausage. Early stages (0–12 h) of wakalim fermentation were dominated by lactic acid bacteria and aerobic mesophilic bacteria including staphylococci and members of Enterobacteriaceae. Gram‐negative bacteria were below detectable level after day 4 of fermentation. Staphylococci were detected at low levels (around 4 log cfu/g) until the end of fermentation. Lactic acid bacteria grew and dominated the flora at the end of fermentation. Various species of Lactobacillus and Pediococcus initiated the fermentation and the lactic flora was finally dominated by Lb. plantarum1 and Ped. pentosaceus1. The pH of the fermenting wakalim dropped from 5.5 ± 0.22 to 4.1 ± 0.19 while the titratable acidity increased from 0.09 to 0.6% in the course of fermentation. Moreover, moisture content of the fermenting wakalim dropped from 66.5% ± 2.12 to 22.0% ± 0.71 during the 6 days of fermentation. Molecular characterization, using 16S rDNA partial sequence analysis and repetitive sequence‐based polymerase chain reaction, of the isolates confirmed some of the earlier phenotypic identification made based on API carbohydrate fermentation profile. Some of the strains were, however, identified as different species of the same genus or entirely different genus. The findings of this study are the first of their kind from traditional Ethiopian fermented sausage and could have paramount importance as a baseline data for large‐scale production of the traditional product using defined starter cultures. Moreover, the strains characterized in this study could be exploited as potential starter cultures for the commercialization of wakalim.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSTraditional fermented foods and beverages are products of spontaneous fermentation. This type of process results in microbiological and chemical variability in the products, as it depends on the microflora naturally present in the substrates, on utensils and equipment used. Isolation and characterization of the microorganisms involved in the fermentation, and identification of the most important starter species may help to undertake controlled fermentation with selected mixed culture starters to optimize the process conditions. This would result in products which are consistent and definable in their flavor and other biochemical parameters, have good keeping quality and are, in general, wholesome. This may pave the way for large‐scale commercial production, which may also improve the shelf life of the products, and reduce wastage during processing, which is significant at household level. The strains characterized in this study could be exploited as potential starter cultures for the commercialization of wakalim.
Food intake and nutritional status of hospitalised older people
Authors: de Oliveira Maria Rita Marques , Leandro‐Merhi Vânia Aparecida 
Published: June 2010

de oliveira m.r.m. & leandro‐merhi v.a. (2011) Food intake and nutritional status of hospitalised older people.International Journal of Older People Nursing6, 196–200doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00227.xBackground and aims. Disease is influenced by the nutritional status of the individual. We have assessed the relationship between nutritional status and food intake among recently hospitalised older people.Methods. A cross‐sectional study was undertaken with 240 older people in a hospital that provides care for the public and private healthcare systems. Nutritional status was classified by the MNA (Mini Nutritional Assessment) into: malnourished, risk of malnutrition and without malnutrition. Food intake was estimated by the reported food intake during a typical day. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the medians and the correlation coefficient of Spearman to verify the relationship between the consumption of energy, protein and vitamin C and MNA scores.Results. 33.8% were classified as adequate regarding nutritional status; 37.1% were classified as being at risk of malnutrition and 29.1% were classified as malnourished. The malnourished individuals reported significantly less energy and nutrient intake than those at risk of malnutrition or those without malnutrition (P = 0.001). Not all nutrient intake, just some (iron, cholesterol and fibre), were lower in malnourished people.Conclusions and implications for practice. Deterioration of the nutritional status of older people is accompanied by a reduction in energy and some nutrient intake. The investigation of food intake in older people could provide important information about nutritional risk.
BUILDING ON BARRON: THE PROSPECTS FOR THE STUDY OF PRE-ISLAMIC ANTIQUITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Authors: DAVIES JOHN 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
This, the first John Barron Memorial Lecture, sketches his activity in the 1980s for the UGC in reshaping institutional provision in Classics and in Archaeology, in order to explore its best routes of healthy survival. It reviews developments in Britain within the study of antiquity in the last twenty years, but also reviews current and likely future transformations of the wider environment, both fiscal-financial and technological – all of which threaten marginalization, if not extinction. It then notes that the erosion of the Humboldtian vision of the discipline makes it appear derivative, inward-looking, and lacking an externally recognised raison d'être. That view is best controverted by identifying the most promising future markets in terms of age, world geography, delivery systems, and basic curiosity and interest, and above all by identifying the attitudes which the study of pre-Islamic antiquity can and should instil.
K1of products of Drinfeld modular curves and special values ofL-functions
Authors: Sreekantan Ramesh 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBeilinson [Higher regulators and values ofL-functions, Itogi Nauki i Tekhniki Seriya Sovremennye Problemy Matematiki Noveishie Dostizheniya (Current problems in mathematics), vol. 24 (Vserossiisky Institut Nauchnoi i Tekhnicheskoi Informatsii, Moscow, 1984), 181–238] obtained a formula relating the special value of theL-function ofH2of a product of modular curves to the regulator of an element of a motivic cohomology group, thus providing evidence for his general conjectures on special values ofL-functions. In this paper we prove a similar formula for theL-function of the product of two Drinfeld modular curves, providing evidence for an analogous conjecture in the case of function fields.
Development, Validation, and Routine Application of a High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method Coupled with a Single Mass Detector for Quantification of Itraconazole, Voriconazole, and Posaconazole in Human Plasma
Authors: Baietto Lorena , D'Avolio Antonio , Ventimiglia Giusi , De Rosa Francesco Giuseppe , Siccardi Marco , Simiele Marco , Sciandra Mauro , Di Perri Giovanni 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT
We have developed and validated a high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with a mass detector to quantify itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole using quinoxaline as the internal standard. The method involves protein precipitation with acetonitrile. Mean accuracy (percent deviation from the true value) and precision (relative standard deviation percentage) were less than 15%. Mean recovery was more than 80% for all drugs quantified. The lower limit of quantification was 0.031 μg/ml for itraconazole and posaconazole and 0.039 μg/ml for voriconazole. The calibration range tested was from 0.031 to 8 μg/ml for itraconazole and posaconazole and from 0.039 to 10 μg/ml for voriconazole.
Engineered Respiro-Fermentative Metabolism for the Production of Biofuels and Biochemicals from Fatty Acid-Rich Feedstocks
Authors: Dellomonaco Clementina , Rivera Carlos , Campbell Paul , Gonzalez Ramon 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Although lignocellulosic sugars have been proposed as the primary feedstock for the biological production of renewable fuels and chemicals, the availability of fatty acid (FA)-rich feedstocks and recent progress in the development of oil-accumulating organisms make FAs an attractive alternative. In addition to their abundance, the metabolism of FAs is very efficient and could support product yields significantly higher than those obtained from lignocellulosic sugars. However, FAs are metabolized only under respiratory conditions, a metabolic mode that does not support the synthesis of fermentation products. In the work reported here we engineered several native and heterologous fermentative pathways to function in
E
scherichia coli
under aerobic conditions, thus creating a respiro-fermentative metabolic mode that enables the efficient synthesis of fuels and chemicals from FAs. Representative biofuels (ethanol and butanol) and biochemicals (acetate, acetone, isopropanol, succinate, and propionate) were chosen as target products to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed platform. The yields of ethanol, acetate, and acetone in the engineered strains exceeded those reported in the literature for their production from sugars, and in the cases of ethanol and acetate they also surpassed the maximum theoretical values that can be achieved from lignocellulosic sugars. Butanol was produced at yields and titers that were between 2- and 3-fold higher than those reported for its production from sugars in previously engineered microorganisms. Moreover, our work demonstrates production of propionate, a compound previously thought to be synthesized only by propionibacteria, in
E. coli
. Finally, the synthesis of isopropanol and succinate was also demonstrated. The work reported here represents the first effort toward engineering microorganisms for the conversion of FAs to the aforementioned products.