bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The enhancement of distribution reactive power compensation in Taipower with immune algorithm
Authors: Kang M. S. , Chen C. S. , Lin C. H. , Wu J. D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper presents an optimal capacitor planning strategy by considering the reactive load duration curves of distribution feeders to reduce system power loss and enhance reactive power compensation in Taipower. The objective function is formulated by including feeder peak power loss, annual energy loss and investment cost of capacitors with discrete capacities. In the proposed method, the immune algorithm (IA) is applied to solve the optimization problem and to derive the optimal sizes and locations of capacitors to be installed along the feeders by representing the objective function and constraints as antigens. The affinity calculation is embedded in the solution process to guarantee the diversity and prevent the stagnation of local sub‐optimality. After performing the genetic evolution, an antibody which fits the antigen best is determined to be the optimal capacitor planning. The three‐phase load flow analysis is executed by considering time‐varying load characteristic of customers to solve system power loss on annual basis with various capacitor‐planning scenarios. The marginal cost benefit (MCB) of the reactive power compensation is applied to solve the timings for the switched‐type capacitors. A practical distribution feeder is selected for computer simulation to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed IA methodology to solve the capacitor planning by evaluating the yearly peak power loss and total energy loss over the life cycle of capacitor investment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Empirical assessment of strategic behavior in the Italian power exchange
Authors: Perekhodtsev Dmitri , Baselice Rossella 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this paper we examine the bidding behavior of Enel in 2004 to estimate the extent to which Enel was bidding opportunistically in temporal and geographic markets in which it was indispensible. Two types of competitive benchmark for bid levels were used. First, bids submitted by Enel in temporal and geographic markets in which it was pivotal were compared with Enel's bids submitted for similar generating units in markets where potential for market power exercise is low. Second, price bids of Enel were compared with bids submitted for comparable plants by other small generators that have no market power. This analysis has shown that over the period from April to August 2004 the bidding behavior of Enel varied across plant types. Both competitive benchmarks suggest that price bids of Enel submitted for Combined Cycle Gas plants were about 40–50% above the competitive level when Enel was pivotal. The excessive bidding was also present for Traditional Oil plants and Repowered Gas plants, although at a lower level, and was not established at all for Traditional Coal plants. We have verified whether this conduct could have had a material impact on market prices. An analysis of impact suggests that Enel's bidding during the peak hours was indeed 40% in excess of competitive levels for its CCGT units, 30% on Repowering units, and 20% on Oil units, such bidding have resulted in 20–30% higher average peak energy prices (PUN) in Italy. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Immersed boundary conditions method for heat conduction problems in slots with time‐dependent geometry
Authors: Del Rey Fernandez D. C. , Husain S. Z. , Floryan J. M. 
Published: June 2010

SUMMARYA grid‐less, fully implicit, spectrally accurate algorithm for solving three‐dimensional, both stationary and time‐dependent, heat conduction problems in slots formed by either fixed or time‐dependent boundaries has been developed. The algorithm is based on the concept of immersed boundary conditions (IBC), where the physical domain is immersed within the computational domain and the boundary conditions take the form of internal constraints. The IBC method avoids the need to construct adaptive, time‐dependent grids resulting in the reduction of the required computational resources and, at the same time, maintaining accurate information about the location of the boundaries. The algorithm is spectrally accurate in space and capable of delivering first‐, second‐, third‐ and fourth‐order accuracy in time. Given a potentially large size of the resultant linear algebraic system, various methods that take advantage of the special structure of the coefficient matrix have been explored in search for an efficient solver, including a specialized direct solver as well as serial and parallel iterative solvers. The specialized direct solver has been found to be the most efficient from the viewpoints of the speed of the computations and the memory requirements. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling two‐fluid response of thin elastic shells
Authors: Iakovlev S. , Mitchell M. , Dooley G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe interaction between a weak external shock wave and a thin elastic cylindrical shell filled with and submerged into fluids with different properties is considered. The interest in investigating such a system is largely driven by the need for an accurate assessment of the performance of a number of industrial systems in extreme conditions of operations, with offshore, chemical, aerospace and nuclear industries being examples. The interaction is simulated using a semi‐analytical approach based on combining the analytical techniques of mathematical physics with finite‐difference approximations, and a number of effects of practical interest are observed, some for the first time. Specifically, it is demonstrated that four different interaction scenarios are possible, depending on the ratio of the acoustic speeds in the internal and external fluids, ζ. The case of ζ=1 is the previously addressed scenario of two identical fluids. When ζ>1, the situation changes dramatically because the internal pressure wave propagates faster than the external one, and as a result, not one but two high‐magnitude wavefronts are observed in the external fluid. The case of ζ<1 is even more interesting, with the possibility of two sub‐scenarios: one where the classical ‘reflection‐focusing’ sequence is observed inside the shell, and one where not one but two focusings are seen, one before and one after the reflection of the internal wave from the shell surface. The effect of placing rigid co‐axial cores of various radii inside the shell on the hydrodynamic fields is discussed as well. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient Lagrangian scalar tracking method for reactive local mass transport simulation through porous media
Authors: Voronov Roman S. , VanGordon Samuel B. , Sikavitsas Vassilios I. , Papavassiliou Dimitrios V. 
Published: June 2010

SUMMARYMass transfer in the presence of chemical reactions for flows through porous media is of interest to many disciplines. The Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is particularly attractive in such cases due to the ease with which it handles complicated boundary conditions. However, useful Lagrangian information (such as solute survival distance, effective diffusivity, collision frequency) is challenging to obtain from the LBM. In this paper, we present a straightforward and efficient Lagrangian methodology (Lagrangian scalar tracking, LST) for performing solute transport simulations in the presence of heterogeneous, first‐order, irreversible reactions, based on a velocity field obtained from LBM. The hybrid LST/LBM technique tracks passive mass markers that have two contributions to their movement: convective (obtained through interpolation of a previously obtained velocity field) and Brownian. Various Schmidt number solutes and different solute release modes can be modeled with a single solvent flow field using this method. Moreover, the mass markers can have a range of reaction rate coefficients. This allows for the exploration of the whole spectrum of first‐order heterogeneous reaction rates with just a single simulation. In order to show the applicability of the LST/LBM scheme, results from a case study are presented in which the consumption of oxygen and/or nutrients within a porous bone tissue engineering scaffold is modeled under flow perfusion culturing conditions. Although the reactive LST methodology described in this paper compliments the LBM, it can also be used with any other flow simulation that can generate the velocity field. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Capped equity swaps under the double‐jump stochastic volatility model with stochastic interest rates
Authors: Guo Jia‐Hau 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis study proposes a double‐jump stochastic volatility model with stochastic interest rates to price capped equity swaps and other multi‐period derivative securities. Closed‐form solutions for capped equity swaps with a fixed or variable notional principle are derived. In addition, numerical examples are employed to analyze comparative statics properties, counterparty risks, and the dynamics of the forward smile. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 31:340–370, 2011
Critical roles of LGN/GPSM2 phosphorylation by PBK/TOPK in cell division of breast cancer cells
Authors: Fukukawa Chikako , Ueda Koji , Nishidate Toshihiko , Katagiri Toyomasa , Nakamura Yusuke 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTo investigate the molecular mechanism of mammary carcinogenesis and identify novel molecular targets for breast cancer therapy, we analyzed genome‐wide gene expression profiles of 81 clinical breast cancer samples. Here, we report the critical role of LGN/GPSM2 (Leu‐Gly‐Asn repeat‐enriched protein/G‐protein signaling modulator 2) in the growth of breast cancer cells. Semiquantitative RT‐PCR and Northern blot analyses confirmed upregulation of LGN/GPSM2 in a large proportion of breast cancers. Immunocytochemical staining identified LGN/GPSM2 at the spindle in cells at metaphase, and at midzone and midbody in cytokinetic cells. Western blot analysis indicated the highest expression and the phosphorylated form of LGN/GPSM2 protein in G2/M phase. Treatment with small‐interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting LGN/GPSM2 caused incompletion of cell division and resulted in significant growth suppression of breast cancer cells. We found that the 450th threonine (Thr450) of LGN/GPSM2 was phosphorylated by the serine/threonine kinase PBK/TOPK during mitosis. Overexpression of LGN/GPSM2‐T450A in which Thr450 was substituted with alanine induced growth suppression and aberrant chromosomal segregation. These findings imply an important role of LGN/GPSM2 in cell division of breast cancer cells and suggest that the PBK/TOPK‐LGN/GPSM2 pathway might be a promising molecular target for treatment of breast cancer. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute leukemias with ETV6/ABL1 (TEL/ABL) fusion: Poor prognosis and prenatal origin
Authors: Zuna Jan , Zaliova Marketa , Muzikova Katerina , Meyer Claus , Lizcova Libuse , Zemanova Zuzana , Brezinova Jana , Votava Felix , Marschalek Rolf , Stary Jan , Trka Jan 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe ETV6/ABL1 (TEL/ABL) fusion gene is a rare aberration in malignant disorders. Only 19 cases of ETV6/ABL1‐positive hematological malignancy have been published, diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia, other types of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). This study reports three new cases (aged 8 months, 5 years, and 33 years) of ALL with the ETV6/ABL1 fusion found by screening 392 newly diagnosed ALL patients (335 children and 57 adults). A thorough review of the literature and an analysis of all published data, including the three new cases, suggest poor prognosis of ETV6/ABL1‐positive acute leukemias. The course of the disease in the two pediatric patients is characterized by minimal residual disease monitoring, using quantification of both the ETV6/ABL1 transcript and immunoreceptor gene rearrangements. Eosinophilia could not be confirmed as a hallmark of the ETV6/ABL1‐positive disease. Studies of neonatal blood spots demonstrated that, in the child diagnosed at five years, the ETV6/ABL1 fusion initiating the ALL originated prenatally. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clonal heterogeneity in childhood myelodysplastic syndromes—Challenge for the detection of chromosomal imbalances by array‐CGH
Authors: Praulich Inka , Tauscher Marcel , Göhring Gudrun , Glaser Stefanie , Hofmann Winfried , Feurstein Simone , Flotho Christian , Lichter Peter , Niemeyer Charlotte M. , Schlegelberger Brigitte , Steinemann Doris 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTo evaluate whether copy number alterations (CNAs) are present that may contribute to disease development and/or progression of childhood myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), 36 pediatric MDS patients were analyzed using array‐based comparative genome hybridization (aCGH). In addition to monosomy 7, the most frequent chromosome aberration in childhood MDS, novel recurrent CNAs were detected. They included a loss of 3p14.3–p12.3, which contains the putative tumor suppressor gene FHIT, a loss of 7p21.3–p15.3, a loss of 9q33.3–q34.3 (D184) and microdeletions in 17p11.2, 6q23 containing MYB, and 17p13 containing TP53. In this small patient cohort, patients without CNA, patients with monosomy 7 only and patients with one CNA in addition to monosomy 7 did not differ in their survival. As expected, all patients with complex karyotypes, including two patients with deletions of TP53, died. A challenge inherent to aCGH analysis of MDS is the low percentage of tumor cells. We evaluated several approaches to overcome this limitation. Genomic profiles from isolated granulocytes were of higher quality than those from bone marrow mononuclear cells. Decreased breakpoint calling stringency increased recognition of CNAs present in small clonal populations. However, further analysis using a custom‐designed array showed that these CNAs often did not confirm the findings from 244k arrays. In contrast, constitutional CNVs were reliably detected on both arrays. Moreover, aCGH on amplified DNA from distinct myeloid clusters is a new approach to determine CNAs in small subpopulations. Our results clearly emphasize the need to verify array‐CGH results by independent methods like FISH or quantitative PCR. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tetraphenylphosphonium salts of N‐thiophosphorylated thiobenzamide, mono‐thioureas or bis‐thioureas
Authors: Safin Damir A. , Babashkina Maria G. , Bolte Michael , Klein Axel 
Published: June 2010

AbstractReaction of the sodium salts of RC(S) NHP(S)(O‐i‐Pr)2 (R = Ph, HLI; PhNH, HLII; 2‐MeC6H4NH, HLIII; 2,6‐Me2C6H3NH, HLIV; 2,4,6‐Me3C6H2NH, HLV) or Z[NHC(S)NHP(S)(O‐i‐Pr)2]2 (Z = o‐C6H4, H2LVI; 1,2‐CH2CH2, H2LVII) with PPh4Br in 96% aqueous EtOH leads to the compounds of formulae PPh4LI–V and (PPh4)2LVI,VII. Compounds obtained were investigated by 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy, ES mass spectrometry, and microanalysis. Recrystallization of PPh4LI from an aqueous EtOH solution (1:1, v/v) leads to the formation of PhC(S)NHP(O)(O‐i‐Pr)2 (HQ). The crystal structure of HQ reveals to be a polymorph to the previously reported structure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:343–350, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20607
Nonfilter and filter cigarette consumption and the incidence of lung cancer by histological type in Japan and the United States: Analysis of 30‐year data from population‐based cancer registries
Authors: Ito Hidemi , Matsuo Keitaro , Tanaka Hideo , Koestler Devin C. , Ombao Hernando , Fulton John , Shibata Akiko , Fujita Manabu , Sugiyama Hiromi , Soda Midori , Sobue Tomotaka , Mor Vincent 
Published: June 2010

AbstractShifts in the histologic type of lung cancer accompanying changes in lung cancer incidence have been observed in Japan and the United States. We examined the association between the shift in tobacco design from nonfilter to filter cigarettes with changes in the incidence of adenocarcinoma (AD) and squamous cell carcinoma (SQ) of the lung. We compiled population‐based incidence data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results in the United States (1973–2005) and from selected Japanese cancer registries (1975–2003). Trends in age‐standardized rates of lung cancer incidence by histologic type were characterized using joinpoint analyses. A multiple regression framework was used to examine the relationship between tobacco use and incidence by histologic type. We observed that AD has replaced SQ as the most frequent histologic type in males and females in both Japan and the United States. Filter cigarette consumption was positively associated with the incidence of AD, with time lags of 25 and 15 years in Japan and the United States, respectively (
$\hat \beta _2^{{\rm AD}}$: 1.946 × 10−3, p < 0.001 and 3.142 × 10−3, p < 0.001). In contrast, nonfilter cigarette consumption was positively associated with the incidence of SQ, with time lags of 30 and 20 years in Japan and the United States, respectively (
$\hat \beta _2^{{\rm SQ}}$: 0.464 × 10−3, p = 0.006 and 0.364 × 10−3, p = 0.008). In conclusion, the shift from nonfilter to filter cigarettes appears to have merely altered the most frequent type of lung cancer, from SQ to AD.
Inhibitory effect of MIL glycoprotein on expression of pro‐inflammatory mediators in carbon tetrachloride‐induced mice liver damage
Authors: Oh Phil‐Sun , Lee Jin , Lim Kye‐Taek 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective effects of glycoprotein isolated fromMorus indicaLinne (MIL glycoprotein) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced liver injury. In the present study, MIL glycoprotein (5 and 10 mg kg−1body weight) was administered to ICR mice for 7 days prior to CCl4treatment. We evaluated the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances (TBARS), and expression of inflammation‐related mediators including cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and interleukin (IL)‐1βin CCl4‐treated mice. Our results revealed that MIL glycoprotein reduced the activities of ALT, LDH and TBARS in serum from CCl4‐treated mice. We also found that MIL glycoprotein reduced the activity of COX‐2 and expression of TNF‐αand IL‐1βin liver from CCl4‐treated mice. Moreover, administration of MIL glycoprotein suppressed on stress‐activated protein kinase/c‐jun N‐terminal kinase phosphorylation and activator protein‐1 transcriptional activation in livers from CCl4‐treated mice. The results from these experiments indicate that MIL glycoprotein effectively protects against liver injury, mainly through downregulation of oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. In conclusion, we suggest that the MIL glycoprotein might be one component of health supplements for prevention of liver diseases. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman microscopy and surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for in situ analysis of biofilms
Authors: Ivleva Natalia P. , Wagner Michael , Horn Harald , Niessner Reinhard , Haisch Christoph 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBiofilms are communities of micro‐organisms enclosed in a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). They represent a ubiquitous form of microbial life on Earth. Detailed information on chemical composition and structure of the EPS matrix is relevant in medicine, industry and technological processes. Raman microscopy (RM) provides whole‐organism fingerprints for biological samples with spatial resolution in the μm range and enables correlations between optical and chemical images to be made. Low water background makes RM beneficial for in situ studies of biofilms, since water is the major component of the biofilm matrix. In this paper we discuss the feasibility of RM for chemical characterization of different structures in a multispecies biofilm matrix, including microbial constituents and EPS. We show that by improving the sensitivity of RM with surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) one can perform rapid biofilm analysis. In particular, by choosing appropriate SERS substrates and solving the problem of SERS measurement reproducibility one can carry out in situ study of different components in the complex biofilm matrix. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
RUNX1 repression‐independent mechanisms of leukemogenesis by fusion genes CBFB–MYH11 and AML1–ETO (RUNX1–RUNX1T1)
Authors: Hyde R. Katherine , Liu P. Paul 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe core binding factor (CBF) acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs) are a prognostically distinct subgroup that includes patients with the inv(16) and t(8:21) chromosomal rearrangements. Both of these rearrangements result in the formation of fusion proteins, CBFB–MYH11 and AML1–ETO, respectively, that involve members of the CBF family of transcription factors. It has been proposed that both of these fusion proteins function primarily by dominantly repressing normal CBF transcription. However, recent reports have indicted that additional, CBF‐repression independent activities may be equally important during leukemogenesis. This article will focus on these recent advances. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 1039–1045, 2010. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ganglioside GD1a Suppression of NOS2 Expression Via ERK1 Pathway in Mouse Osteosarcoma FBJ Cells
Authors: Cao Ting , Zhang Tianyi , Wang Li , Zhang Lan , Adachi Tomoko , Sato Toshinori , Yamagata Sadako , Yamagata Tatsuya 
Published: June 2010

AbstractInducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) is over‐expressed in a number of tumors and implicated in tumor growth and metastasis. Murine FBJ osteosarcoma‐derived FBJ‐S1 cells are poorly metastatic and express the ganglioside GD1a, whereas highly metastatic FBJ‐LL cells only slightly express this ganglioside. The present study demonstrates that NOS2 is more highly expressed in FBJ‐LL cells compared to FBJ‐S1 cells. By manipulating GM2/GD2 synthase expression or adding exogenous GD1a, GD1a inversely regulated NOS2 at the transcriptional level. GT1b suppressed NOS2 to the same extent as GD1a. Silencing NOS2 inhibited proliferation, migration, and anchorage‐independent growth of FBJ‐LL cells, suggesting that the metastatic properties of FBJ‐LL cells are associated with NOS2. MEK1/2 inhibitor (U0126) increased NOS2 expression, whereas GD1a treatment decreased it. Co‐treating the cells with GD1a and U0126 blocked the inhibition of NOS2 expression, suggesting that the GD1a signal is mediated by ERK1/2. NOS2 expression increased when ERK1, but not ERK2, was silenced, and GD1a did not suppress NOS2 expression in cells treated with another MEK1/2 inhibitor PD98059, suggesting that ERK1 phosphorylation is indispensable for the GD1a signal suppressing NOS2. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 1165–1174, 2010. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.