bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase space geometry of general quantum energy transitions
Authors: de Almeida Alfredo M Ozorio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The mixed density operator for coarsegrained eigenlevels of a static Hamiltonian is represented in phase space by the spectral Wigner function, which has its peak on the corresponding classical energy shell. The action of trajectory segments along the shell determine the phase of the Wigner oscillations in its interior. The classical transitions between any pair of energy shells, driven by a general external time dependent Hamiltonian, also have a smooth probability density. It is shown here that a further contribution to the transition between the corresponding pair of coarsegrained energy levels, which oscillates with either energy, or the driving time, is determined by four trajectory segments (two in the pair of energy shells and two generated by the driving Hamiltonian) that join exactly to form a closed compound orbit (CCO). In its turn, this sequence of segments belongs to the semiclassical expression of a compound unitary operator that combines four quantum evolutions: a pair generated by the static internal Hamiltonian and a pair generated by the driving Hamiltonian. The CCOs are shown to belong to continuous families, which are initially seeded at points where the classical flow generated by both Hamiltonians commute.
Probabilistic approach of solving burnup problems
Authors: Bala K A , Omar M R , Chin K F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a new approach to solve nuclear burnup problems using a probabilistic method. Unlike the traditional methods that rely on complex matrix exponential calculations, the proposed method tracks the transformation of nuclei over a period of time, enabling the estimation of nuclide concentrations. The method is implemented in a C++ program CNUCTRAN and verified against the Chebyshev Rational Approximation Method (CRAM). Three sample calculations are presented, showing a detailed comparison of results obtained using CNUCTRAN and CRAM48. The relative error analysis emphasizes the accuracy of the probabilistic method, with the most significant error observed below 0.001%. The computational efficiency is discussed in terms of CPU time, indicating that CNUCTRAN requires more CPU time than CRAM but with improved accuracy as the time step decreases. The numerical results for various burnup problems demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the probabilistic method, making it a promising alternative for simulating realistic nuclear transmutations.
Depth dose measurement by using Al2O3 OSL dosimeters in high energy photons in the presence of air cavity and density inhomogeneity
Authors: Fahmi Mohd Yusof Mohd , Sauki Amirah , Ateqah Suzaini Nur , Nazirah Abdullah Arifah , Bazlie Abd Kadir Ahmad , Mohd Isa Norriza 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Air cavities and tissue density inhomogeneity significantly affects the distribution of radiation doses, potentially resulting in adverse consequences such as cancer recurrence. This research aims to assess the accuracy of Al2O3 optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters in measuring doses within varying thicknesses of air cavities (3, 5, and 8 cm) and tissue inhomogeneity of low and high density simulated by the lung and bone phantoms. An expanded polystyrene (EPS) was employed in homogeneous solid water® phantoms to simulate the air cavity. The percentage depth-dose (PDD) curves at 6 MV photons were obtained in both presence of air cavity and density inhomogeneity and compared to that in the EBT3 radiochromic film dosimeters and treatment planning system (TPS). The results indicated that the presence of an air cavity and tissue inhomogeneity affected the depth dose measured in OSL dosimeters, EBT3 films and TPS. OSLD and TPS showed good agreement at the centre of the cavity, which is within ±5% but could not estimate scattered radiation to the distal and proximal surfaces of the air cavity. The obtained p-values showed no significant differences of dose measured in OSL dosimeters compared to those in EBT3 films and TPS. The Kruskal Wallis test and Mann-Whitney showed no significant difference between OSL dosimeters, EBT3 film and TPS in the measurement of depth doses in the presence of density inhomogeneity. The overall results indicated the suitability of OSL dosimeters as indirect dosimeters for the measurements of depth dose in the presence of air cavity and tissue density inhomogeneity
Changes in crystallinity of sago palm (Metroxylon sago spp.) waste during cellulose extraction
Authors: Yacob N. , Yusof M.R. , Mohamed A.Z. , Badri K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sago palm (Metroxylon sago spp.) is one of the major agricultural plants in Malaysia. Sago pith waste (SPW), which is left behind after sago starch extraction, is disposed of by washing off into the nearby river. Reuse of SPW provides a solution to the problem of discarding the waste. In this study, cellulose has been extracted from SPW. The fibers were pretreated with 2% of aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution before bleaching with an acidified sodium chlorite (NaClO2) and acetate buffer solution. The influence of NaOH and bleaching treatment on the cellulose crystallinity of SPW has been investigated using chemical analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). From XRD analysis, the crystallinity index (CI) was calculated. The CI of SPW increased significantly by 110% after the chemical treatments. The FTIR analysis proved the dissolution of the non-cellulosic components by NaOH and NaClO2 treatments.
A study on surface air Beryllium-7 concentration at radionuclide station in Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands (MYP42) during southwest monsoon seasons in Malaysia
Authors: Fauzi Haris Mohd , Norwawi Norita Md. , Hafez Mohd Isa Mohd , Rawi Mohamed Zin Muhammad , Zulfakar Zolkaffly Muhammed , Ta’at Azlai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Beryllium-7 (Be-7) is a significant radionuclide, primarily produced through cosmic ray interactions with atmospheric elements. Its study can provide insights into atmospheric processes and transport mechanisms. This research investigates the concentration of Be-7 in surface air at the Radionuclide Station (MYP42) located in Tanah Rata, Cameron Highlands, Malaysia, during the Southwest Monsoon season using data from the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation (CTBTO) from 2011 to 2021. Meteorological parameters of the study area, such as wind direction, wind speed, humidity, and precipitation, are considered to understand their influence on radionuclide dispersion and deposition. The results from this study are aimed to contribute to the understanding of atmospheric dynamics in the Cameron Highlands region and may have implications for broader atmospheric and environmental studies. The study results suggest no statistically significant variation in Be-7 concentration during the southwest monsoon season, demonstrating minimal fluctuations within and outside the monsoon period. Such insights are crucial for the region’s scientific research and environmental management.
CTBT data for environmental radiological monitoring: a preliminary study in Malaysia
Authors: Baharuddin B , Yii M W , Yusof N F , Jaffary N A M , Kamaruddin A H C , Bakar A I A , Halmi A S Z M , Sanusi M S M. , Johan J S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Numerous anthropogenic nuclear activities in the Asia Pacific have exposed the region to radiological contamination risks, dating back to nuclear testing in 1946, with the most recent nuclear tests by North Korea. Additionally, the region had faced two major nuclear reactor disasters: the 1986 Chernobyl incident and the 2011 TEPCO Fukushima Nuclear Power accident. The latter led to the release of long-lived fission products from nuclear reactors, primarily volatile iodine and caesium isotopes into the atmosphere. These events have raised significant concerns for the international community, particularly neighbouring countries like Malaysia. Understanding atmospheric processes is essential for assessing the potential pathways of anthropogenic radionuclide transport and its impacts. Which later can be used to devise effective monitoring and mitigation strategies. This study, part of an environmental radiological monitoring initiative, utilises data from the CTBTO database. It aims to create a comprehensive mapping of anthropogenic radionuclide concentrations, focusing on Americium-241 (241Am), Caesium-137 (137Cs), Strontium-90 (90Sr), and Plutonium isotopes (239+240Pu) fallout in the Malaysia-South China Sea region. However, according to the CTBTO database, relevant anthropogenic radionuclide detected more than three years after the Fukushima incident is 137Cs. Employing ArcGIS and CTBTO data, the study examines the influence of the Northeast and Southwest Monsoons on 137Cs concentration mapping. these findings contribute to a global understanding of radionuclide distribution, with initial results showing the presence of detected anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs in the Malaysian environment. The 2014 pattern became a piece of preliminary evidence that the Northeast Monsoon had slightly elevated concentrations in the Malaysian environment, indicating its influence on radionuclide movement
Generating real-scene hologram through light field imaging and deep learning
Authors: Wang Rui , Ai Lingyu , Wang Yinghui , Zhu Xiaolong , Ni Yuqing , Cho Myungjin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Addressing the challenge of acquiring holograms from real-world scenes, this study introduces a novel approach leveraging light field cameras to capture light field data, which is subsequently transformed into authentic scene holograms. This methodology integrates light field imaging technology with a pre-trained deep neural network. To compensate for the limitations inherent in camera hardware, a super-resolution algorithm is employed. The conversion of light field information into RGB-D data facilitates its input into the deep neural network, enabling the inference of corresponding real-world scene holograms. Empirical evidence demonstrates that the system is capable of inferring high-resolution (1920 × 1080) real-world scene holograms within a timeframe of 5 s, utilizing hardware comprising an NVIDIA RTX 3060.
The detection of unconventional quantum oscillations in insulating 2D materials
Authors: Wu Sanfeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In strongly correlated quantum materials, electrons behave in ways that often extend beyond the confines of conventional Fermi-liquid theory. Interesting results include the observation of low-temperature metallic behavior in systems that are highly resistive. Here we provide an overview of experiments in which insulators exhibit characteristics of a metal such as the Shubnikov–de Haas-like quantum oscillations, focusing on recent findings in the correlated insulating states of two-dimensional WTe2. We discuss the status of current research, clarify the debates and challenges in interpreting the experiments, rule out extrinsic explanations and discuss promising future directions.
Optimization of investment portfolios of Chinese commodity futures market based on complex networks
Authors: Huang Ke , Ke Lifei , Zhang Zuominyang , Li Qiumei , Sun Jifeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Futures trading in developing countries is now attracting more attention since investors may easily generate more excess return compared to the markets in developed countries, especially in Chinese market. In this paper, we analyzed the relationship between the centrality of commodity in the Chinese commodity futures market network and the optimal weight of each commodity in a portfolio, empirically examined the market systemic factors and commodity idiosyncratic factors that affect the centrality of commodity, and evaluated the effect of network structure on the optimization of commodity portfolio selection under the mean-variance framework. We found that the commodities with high network centrality are often related to industrial products with high volatility and small portfolio weights. We put forward a kind of commodity futures investment strategy based on this network and results showed that cumulative yield is better than other benchmark portfolios. The main contribution of this paper is to apply complex network theory to optimize futures portfolio selection by establishing the relationship between portfolio weight and commodity centrality in Chinese market, which is still under explored.
Low-loss α-tantalum coplanar waveguide resonators on silicon wafers: fabrication, characterization and surface modification
Authors: Lozano D P , Mongillo M , Piao X , Couet S , Wan D , Canvel Y , Vadiraj A M , Ivanov Ts , Verjauw J , Acharya R , Van Damme J , Mohiyaddin F A , Jussot J , Gowda P P , Pacco A , Raes B , Van de Vondel J , Radu I P , Govoreanu B , Swerts J , Potočnik A , De Greve K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The performance of state-of-the-art superconducting quantum devices is currently limited by microwave dielectric loss at different interfaces. α-tantalum is a superconductor that has proven effective in reducing dielectric loss and improving device performance due to its thin low-loss oxide. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of high-quality factor α-tantalum coplanar-waveguide resonators directly on pristine 300 mm silicon wafers over a variety of metal deposition conditions and perform a comprehensive material and electrical characterization study. Additionally, we apply a surface treatment based on hydrofluoric acid that allows us to modify different resonators surfaces, leading to a reduction in two-level system loss in the devices by a factor of three. This loss reduction can be entirely attributed to the removal of surface oxides. Our study indicates that large scale manufacturing of low-loss superconducting circuits should indeed be feasible and suggests a viable avenue to materials-driven advancements in superconducting circuit performance.
Optical spike amplitude weighting and neuromimetic rate coding using a joint VCSEL-MRR neuromorphic photonic system
Authors: Hejda Matěj , Doris Eli A , Bilodeau Simon , Robertson Joshua , Owen-Newns Dafydd , Shastri Bhavin J , Prucnal Paul R , Hurtado Antonio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Spiking neurons and neural networks constitute a fundamental building block for brain-inspired computing, which is poised to benefit significantly from photonic hardware implementations. In this work, we experimentally investigate an interconnected optical neuromorphic system based on an ultrafast spiking vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) neuron and a silicon photonics (SiPh) integrated micro-ring resonator (MRR). We experimentally demonstrate two different functional arrangements of these devices: first, we show that MRR weight banks can be used in conjunction with the spiking VCSEL-neurons to perform amplitude weighting of sub-ns optical spiking signals. Second, we show that a continuously firing VCSEL-neuron can be directly modulated using a locking signal propagated through a single weighting MRR, and we utilise this functionality to perform optical spike firing rate-coding via thermal tuning of the MRR. Given the significant track record of both integrated weight banks and photonic VCSEL-neurons, we believe these results demonstrate the viability of combining these two classes of devices for use in functional neuromorphic photonic systems.
Error bounds for Gauss–Jacobi quadrature of analytic functions on an ellipse
Authors: Sugiura Hiroshi , Hasegawa Takemitsu 
Published: May 2024

For the Gauss–Jacobi quadrature on

[
−
1
,
1
]

[-1,1]

, the location is estimated where the kernel of the error functional for functions analytic on an ellipse and its interior in the complex plane attains its maximum modulus. For the Jacobi weight

(
1
−
t

)
α

(
1
+
t

)
β

(1-t)^\alpha (1+t)^\beta

(

α
>
−
1

\alpha >-1

,

β
>
−
1

\beta >-1

) except for the Gegenbauer weight (

α
=
β

\alpha =\beta

), the location is the intersection point of the ellipse with the real axis in the complex plane. For the Gegenbauer weight, it is the intersection point(s) with either the real or the imaginary axis or other axes with angle

1
4

π

\tfrac {1}{4}\pi

and

3
4

π

\tfrac {3}{4}\pi

. Our results support the empirical results provided by Gautschi and Varga [SIAM J. Numer. Anal, 20 (1983), pp. 1170–1186] for the Jacobi weight, the Gegenbauer weight and the Legendre weight. The results obtained are also illustrated numerically.
Formal vs. Informal Voluntary Disclosure Policies
Authors: Noked Noam , Wöhrer Viktoria , Lai Pierce 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Tax administrations have long grappled with the question of how noncompliant taxpayers should be allowed to correct their tax affairs voluntarily. While many jurisdictions have adopted various voluntary disclosure programs, several countries—including some of the world’s largest economies—have not done so. This Article examines the voluntary disclosure practices in twenty-five countries that do not have voluntary disclosure programs. It finds that the tax authorities in these jurisdictions frequently follow informal voluntary disclosure practices that operate as de facto substitutes for formal policies. In some countries, informal voluntary disclosure practices coexist alongside formal schemes. In light of these findings, this Article explores the tax policy considerations concerning the choice between formal and informal voluntary disclosure policies, and shows that formal schemes have several advantages over informal practices.
Tennessee hospital noncompliance with price transparency legislation for 8 common laboratory tests
Authors: Hart Stephanie A , Khan Ayesha , Booth Garrett S , Wiencek Joesph R 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The goal of this study was to assess hospital compliance with federal price transparency mandates and barriers to pricing information in Tennessee.

Methods
All hospitals websites were queried for gross, cash, and BlueCross BlueShield of Tennessee prices for 8 high-frequency laboratory tests in 2 Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services–mandated pricing sources: (1) a machine-readable file of all available services and (2) a consumer-friendly display of 300 shoppable services. Barriers, including click counts, data availability, and intrahospital price discrepancies, were noted.

Results
Of the 145 Tennessee hospitals assessed, 97.2% were noncompliant with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services final rule. Subanalysis of available machine-readable files, price estimators, and shoppable services files demonstrated 49.6%, 95.1%, and 78.6% noncompliance, respectively. Barriers to pricing information included requiring protected health information (55.9%), missing at least 1 pricing source (7.6%), having no pricing sources available (6.2%), and involving more than 3 clicks to access the cash price in machine-readable files (54.1%) and price estimators (68.6%.) Average intrahospital discrepancy for basic metabolic panel cash prices across pricing sources was $101.30 (range, $0-1012.40).

Conclusions
Our study showed high levels of noncompliance with price transparency laws, inconsistent and inaccessible pricing, and continued challenges facing patients in Tennessee.
Predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D over the adult lifetime and the risk of ovarian cancer
Authors: Ritonja Jennifer A , Danieli Coraline , Pana Magnoudewa Priscille , Palmer Michael J , L’Espérance Kevin , Ho Vikki , Abrahamowicz Michal , Koushik Anita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The evidence from previous studies of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and ovarian cancer risk is not conclusive. However, the 25(OH)D levels were generally only measured in late adulthood, which may not capture the etiologically relevant exposure periods. We investigated predicted 25(OH)D over the adult lifetime in relation to ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study conducted from 2011 to 2016 in Montreal, Canada (n = 490 cases and 896 controls). Predicted 25(OH)D was computed using previously validated regression models. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs for average predicted 25(OH)D over the adult lifetime and ovarian cancer risk. In addition, the relative importance of different periods of past 25(OH)D exposure was explored using a weighted cumulative exposure (WCE) model. For each 20-nmol/L increase in average predicted 25(OH)D over the adult lifetime, the aOR (95% CI) was 0.73 (0.55-0.96). In WCE analyses, the inverse association was strongest for exposures 5 to 20 years and 35 to 55 years prior to diagnosis, with aORs (95% CIs) of 0.82 (0.69-0.94) and 0.79 (0.66-1.02), respectively, for each 20-nmol/L increase in predicted 25(OH)D. These results support an inverse association between 25(OH)D levels in adulthood and ovarian cancer risk.
This article is part of a Special Collection on Gynecological Cancers.
Defining the “ideal state”: A primer on critical care pharmacy practice models
Authors: Smith Susan E , Nei Andrea M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Critical care pharmacists (CCPs) have been clearly established as value-added members of the interprofessional team, and their contributions positively impact patient outcomes in the intensive care unit (ICU). Despite this, not every critically ill patient in the US receives care from a CCP and the model through which CCPs practice is variable, which has important implications. The purpose of this primer is to review current CCP models and discuss elements of the optimal CCP practice model.

Summary
Current CCP practice models are defined, including the drug processing and dispensing model, clinical pharmacy specialist model, integrated pharmacy generalist model, and hybrid model, as well as unit-based vs service-based models. The optimal CCP practice model considers the Triple Domain of CCP workload, which includes direct patient care, indirect patient care, and professional service. Elements of the ideal CCP practice model including 24/7/365 CCP services, unit- vs service-based models, prescriptive authority, operational support, and CCP-to-patient ratio are discussed. Other vital elements include dedicated offline time, use of appropriate workload metrics, development of career ladders, opportunities for professional development, and providing wellness resources. The ideal CCP practice model must also be considered through the lens of the patient and medical team, the CCP, the institution, and professional organizations. Strategies for optimizing current CCP practice models are provided, and application of optimal CCP practice model elements is explored through 5 case studies.

Conclusion
The optimal CCP practice model includes multiple elements and incorporates the viewpoints of patients, providers, CCPs, institutions, and professional organizations; this model will increase access of all ICU patients to CCPs, enhance the scope of CCP cognitive services, and ensure the economic sustainability of CCP practice while establishing CCP involvement in activities outside of patient care and in professional service.