bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reservoir connectivity analysis of a complex combination trap: Terra Nova Field, Jeanne d'Arc Basin, Newfoundland, Canada
Authors: Richards F. W. , Vrolijk P. J. , Gordon J. D. , Miller B. R. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Terra Nova Oil Field is formed by a complex, structural, stratigraphic and diagenetic combination trap. About 1 billion barrels Stock-Tank Oil-In-Place (STOOIP) are trapped in a faulted plunging anticline, reservoired in stacked, braided fluvial sandstones which are of varying quality and extent due to onlap, cementation and facies transitions. Terra Nova Field is unusual when compared to the other three major hydrocarbon fields in the Jeanne d'Arc Basin in that it lacks a gas leg, and hydrocarbons are confined to the deepest of four major reservoir intervals, the Jeanne d'Arc sandstones. In this reservoir interval, the highest part of the plunging anticline is wet while the lowest part has the deepest fluid contact and longest oil column. Aquifer pressures vary between hydrostatic and significantly overpressured, but are far below leak-off. This apparently unusual distribution of fluids, pressures and contacts can be understood by systematically describing the many compartments within the overall structure, defining the connections between compartments, and building a ‘connectivity diagram’ which ensures a disciplined analysis of the fluid system. This type of approach, used historically by the Operator, Petro-Canada, and formalized as ‘Reservoir Connectivity Analysis’ (RCA) at ExxonMobil, is effective and necessary at multiple scales: basin, field, producing fault block and individual sandstone, and continues to be important at Terra Nova eight years into development and production.
Some Common Fixed Point Theorems in Menger PM Spaces
Authors: Imdad M , Tanveer M , Hasan M 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEmploying the common property (E.A), we prove some common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings via an implicit relation in Menger PM spaces. Some results on similar lines satisfying quasicontraction condition as well as "Equation missing"-type contraction condition are also proved in Menger PM spaces. Our results substantially improve the corresponding theorems contained in (Branciari, (2002); Rhoades, (2003); Vijayaraju et al., (2005)) and also some others in Menger as well as metric spaces. Some related results are also derived besides furnishing illustrative examples.
Trends in Kaposi's Sarcoma Survival Disparities in the United States: 1980 through 2004
Authors: Datta Geetanjali D. , Kawachi Ichiro , Delpierre Cyrille , Lang Thierry , Grosclaude Pascale 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background: Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common cancer diagnosed among people with HIV in the United States. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is an essential treatment for KS, and recent reports document the emergence of racial disparities in KS incidence and HIV-related mortality in the post-HAART era (1996 to present). The aim of this study was to examine trends in KS survival by race from the beginning of the HIV epidemic through the introduction of HAART.
Methods: Median cause-specific survival and adjusted hazard ratios for KS from 1980 to 2004 were calculated by race using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results nine-area data.
Results: Median survival among both black and white patients was relatively constant until 1995 (average median survival, 14 and 18 months, respectively). In 1996, white patients experienced an increase in median survival to 103 months. In subsequent years, the increase in median survival was so great that white patients did not reach 50% mortality (follow-up ending December 31, 2007). Survival among black patients increased gradually until its peak in 2001 when median survival had not been reached after 83 months of follow-up. However, subsequent relative decreases to 35 months occurred in 2002 and 2004.
Conclusions: The current analysis provides evidence that there have been substantial increases in KS survival among white patients in the HAART era. Black patients have also experienced some improvements but to an attenuated extent.
Impact: Careful attention should be paid to the continuing evolution of trends in KS survival and survival disparities. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2718–26. ©2010 AACR.
Associations of Cumulative Sun Exposure and Phenotypic Characteristics with Histologic Solar Elastosis
Authors: Thomas Nancy E. , Kricker Anne , From Lynn , Busam Klaus , Millikan Robert C. , Ritchey Mary E. , Armstrong Bruce K. , Lee-Taylor Julia , Marrett Loraine D. , Anton-Culver Hoda , Zanetti Roberto , Rosso Stefano , Gallagher Richard P. , Dwyer Terence , Goumas Chris , Kanetsky Peter A. , Begg Colin B. , Orlow Irene , Wilcox Homer , Paine Susan , Berwick Marianne ,   The Genes, Environment, and Melanoma Study Group
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background: Solar elastosis adjacent to melanomas in histologic sections is regarded as an indicator of sun exposure, although the associations of UV exposure and phenotype with solar elastosis are yet to be fully explored.
Methods: The study included 2,589 incident primary melanoma patients with assessment of histologic solar elastosis in the population-based Genes, Environment, and Melanoma study. Ambient erythemal UV (UVE) at places of residence and sun exposure hours, including body site–specific exposure, were collected. We examined the association of cumulative site-specific and non–site-specific sun exposure hours and ambient UVE with solar elastosis in multivariable models adjusted for age, sex, center, pigmentary characteristics, nevi, and, where relevant, body site.
Results: Solar elastosis was associated most strongly with site-specific UVE [odds ratio (OR) for top exposure quartile, 5.20; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 3.40-7.96; P for trend &lt;0.001] and also with site-specific sun exposure (OR for top quartile, 5.12; 95% CI, 3.35-7.83; P for trend &lt;0.001). Older age (OR at &gt;70 years, 7.69; 95% CI, 5.14-11.52; P for trend &lt; 0.001) and having more than 10 back nevi (OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.61-0.97; P = 0.03) were independently associated with solar elastosis.
Conclusion: Solar elastosis had a strong association with higher site-specific UVE dose, older age, and fewer nevi.
Impact: Solar elastosis could be a useful biomarker of lifetime site-specific UV. Future research is needed to explore whether age represents more than simple accumulation of sun exposure and to determine why people with more nevi may be less prone to solar elastosis. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2932–41. ©2010 AACR.
Reduced Risk of Prostate Cancer in U.S. Men with AIDS
Authors: Shiels Meredith S. , Goedert James J. , Moore Richard D. , Platz Elizabeth A. , Engels Eric A. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Background: Previous studies describe decreased prostate cancer risk in HIV-infected men. In the United States, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is common and increases the detection of prostate cancer. We evaluated whether the prostate cancer deficit among men with AIDS reflects differential PSA screening.
Methods: Data from the U.S. HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study were used to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for prostate cancer, comparing men with AIDS (N = 287,247) to the general population. Furthermore, we estimated PSA testing rates in the Johns Hopkins HIV Clinical Cohort.
Results: Prostate cancer rates increased over time in the general population and, beginning in the 1990s, were consistently higher than among men with AIDS. Men with AIDS had the same prostate cancer risk as the general population in the pre-PSA era (&lt;1992, SIR = 1.00), but significantly reduced risk during the PSA era overall (1992-2007, SIR = 0.50) and across age, race, HIV risk group, antiretroviral therapy era, and CD4 counts. Local and regional stage prostate cancer risk was lower among men with AIDS (SIRs, 0.49 and 0.14, respectively), but distant stage cancer risk did not differ (SIR = 0.85). Among HIV-infected men ≥40 years old, PSA testing was uncommon (18.7% per year), but increased 2.4-fold from 2000 to 2008, after age adjustment.
Conclusion: Prostate cancer risk was decreased by 50% among men with AIDS compared with the general population. This deficit was limited to the PSA era and early stage cancers.
Impact: Our findings suggest that the prostate cancer deficit in HIV-infected men is largely due to differential PSA screening. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(11); 2910–5. ©2010 AACR.
Solid-state Thermal and Photochemical E/Z Isomerization of Bidentate-N,S Schiff Base Ligands in Iridium(III) Complexes
Authors: Kawamoto Tatsuya , Takino Yusuke , Sakoda Keiichi , Konno Takumi 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
The newly prepared [IrL(ppy or CF3-ppy)2] complexes with a bidentate-N,S Schiff base ligand (L) showed thermal and photochemical E/Z conversions in the solid state, which are tuned by the modification of a pendent phenyl group of L and a phenyl group of ppy.
AFM Interaction Study of Poly(ammonium acrylate) Adsorbed on a Si Surface in Aqueous KCl Solution
Authors: Isobe Toshihiro , Nakano Yosuke , Kameshima Yoshikazu , Okada Kiyoshi , Nakajima Akira 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Interaction force between solid surfaces in aqueous solvent was investigated using scanning probe microscopy. Only short-range repulsive forces were observed in a poly(ammonium acrylate) (PAA) solution. Their range increased concomitantly with increase of the molecular weight of the PAA. In a PAA solution with 0.1–1 mM KCl, the PAA adsorbed onto the Si substrate. Furthermore, the interaction force was described by DLVO theory, and repulsive force is thought to originate from the steric hindrance of the PAA.
L'extension des territoires du patient : Internet et santé au quotidien
Authors: Wyatt Sally , Henwood Flis , Hart Angie , Platzer Hazel 
Published: November 2010

Extending patient's world: the Internet, health information and everyday life
In this paper, we intend to confront the euphorie discourses of médical Internet promoters with an analysis of the actual practices of information seeking for patients confronted with aging effects (menopause, impotence). We show that, within this specific population, Internet use, when effective, is not replacing traditionnal information seeking practices (press, leaflets, books, relatives, friends) nor are they challenging patient/doctor relationships, doctors remaining in an expert position; moreover, the intensity of the recourse to internet appears to be linked to a variety of elements: personnal lifestory, acquired skills in information technology, patient' s positionning towards medicine, the more or less acute nature of the health problem at stake. We conclude on the idea that a comprehensive analysis of Internet use must be contextualised and take into account situated practices within this context.
Design and Evaluation of an Ontology-based Drug Application Database
Authors: Quinzler R. , Leser U. , Senger C. , Seidling H. M. , Haefeli W. E. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryObjectives: Several recently published cases of preventable adverse drug reactions were associated with flaws in drug application. However, current clinical decision support (CDS) systems do not properly consider drug application issues and thus do not support effective prevention of such medication errors. With the aim to improve CDS in this respect, we developed a comprehensive model precisely describing all aspects of drug application.Methods: The model consists of 1) a schema comprising all relevant attributes of drug application and 2) an ontology providing a hierarchically structured vocabulary of terms that describe the possible values of the schema’s attributes. Finally, medical products were annotated by a semi-automatic term assignment process. For evaluation, we developed an algorithm that uses our model to compute a meaningful similarity between medicinal products with respect to their drug application characteristics.Results: Our schema consists of 22 attributes. The ontology contains 248 terms, textual descriptions, and synonym lists. More than 58,700 medicinal products were automatically annotated with >386,600 terms. 2450 drugs were manually reviewed by experts, adding > 4500 terms. The annotation and similarity measure allow for (similarity) searches, clustering, and proper discrimination of drugs with different drug application characteristics. We demonstrated the value of our approach by means of a set of case studies.Conclusion: Our model enables a detailed description of drug application, allowing for semantically meaningful comparisons of drugs. This is an important prerequisite for improving the ability of CDS systems to prevent prescription errors.
Effectiveness of Lexico-syntactic Pattern Matching for Ontology Enrichment with Clinical Documents
Authors: Chapman W. W. , Savova G. , Chute C. G. , Sioutos N. , Crowley R. S. , Liu K. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryObjective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a lexico-syntactic pattern (LSP) matching method for ontology enrichment using clinical documents.Methods: Two domains were separately studied using the same methodology. We used radiology documents to enrich RadLex and pathology documents to enrich National Cancer Institute Thesaurus (NCIT). Several known LSPs were used for semantic knowledge extraction. We first retrieved all sentences that contained LSPs across two large clinical repositories, and examined the frequency of the LSPs. From this set, we randomly sampled LSP instances which were examined by human judges. We used a twostep method to determine the utility of these patterns for enrichment. In the first step, domain experts annotated medically meaningful terms (MMTs) from each sentence within the LSP. In the second step, RadLex and NCIT curators evaluated how many of these MMTs could be added to the resource. To quantify the utility of this LSP method, we defined two evaluation metrics: suggestion rate (SR) and acceptance rate (AR). We used these measures to estimate the yield of concepts and relationships, for each of the two domains.Results: For NCIT, the concept SR was 24%, and the relationship SR was 65%. The concept AR was 21%, and the relationship AR was 14%. For RadLex, the concept SR was 37%, and the relationship SR was 55%. The concept AR was 11%, and the relationship AR was 44%.Conclusion: The LSP matching method is an effective method for concept and concept relationship discovery in biomedical domains.
“Why the Hell Do We Need Electronic Health Records?”
Authors: Hoerbst A. , Ammenwerth E. , Hackl W. O. 
Published: November 2010

Summary
Background: Progress in the medical sciences, together with related technologies, in the past has led to higher specialization and has created a strong need to exchange health information across institutional borders. The concept of electronic health records (EHR) was introduced to fulfill these needs. Remarkably, many EHR introduction projects ran into trouble, not least because they lacked the acceptance of EHR among physicians. Negative emotions, such as anxiety and fear due to a lack of information, may cause change barriers and hamper physicians’ acceptance of such projects.
Objectives: The goal of this study was to gain deeper insight into the negative emotions related to the intended implementation of a mandatory national electronic health record system (called ELGA) in Austria among physicians in private practice.
Methods: Qualitative, problem-centered interviews were conducted with eight physicians in private practice in the capital region of Tyrol. The methods of qualitative content analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results: Three hundred and twenty-eight pas sages in the interviews were selected, annotated, and paraphrased. These passages were assigned to 139 different primary categories. Finally, 18 main categories in the form of statements were derived. They were correlated and a theoretical model was formed to explain the genesis of the detected fears and anxiety related to the ELGA project. The results show that the physicians feel uninformed and snubbed. They fear unknown changes, increased costs, as well as workload and surveillance without obtaining any advantages from using electronic health records in their daily practice.
Conclusion: Impartial information campaigns that are tailored to the physicians’ needs and questions as along with a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis could benefit the physicians’ opinion of EHRs.
HBV or HCV Coinfections and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in HIV-Infected Individuals: The D:A:D Cohort Study
Authors:   The Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) Study Group
Published: November 2010

Background Data on a link between HCV or HBV infection and the development of cardiovascular disease among HIV-negative and HIV-positive individuals are conficting. We sought to investigate the association between HBV or HCV infection and myocardial infarction in HIV-infected individuals. Methods The prospective observational database of the D:A:D collaboration of 11 cohorts of HIV-infected individuals, including 212 clinics in Europe, the United States and Australia was used. Multivariate Poisson regression was used to assess the effect of HCV or HBV infection on the development of myocardial infarction after adjustment for potential confounders, including cardiovascular risk factors, diabetes mellitus and exposure to antiretroviral therapy. Results Of 33,347 individuals, 517 developed a myocardial infarction over 157,912 person-years, with an event rate of 3.3 events/1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0–3.6). Event rates (95% CIs) per 1,000 person-years in those who were HCV- seronegative and HCV-seropositive were 3.3 (3.0–3.7) and 2.7 (2.2–3.3), respectively, and for those who were HBV-seronegative, had inactive infection or had active infection were 3.2 (2.8–3.5), 4.2 (3.1–5.2) and 2.8 (1.8–3.9), respectively. After adjustment, there was no association between HCV seropositivity (rate ratio 0.86 [95% CI 0.62–1.19]), inactive HBV infection (rate ratio 1.07 [95% CI 0.79–1.43]) or active HBV infection (rate ratio 0.78 [95% CI 0.52–1.15]) and the development of myocardial infarction. Conclusions We found no association between HBV or HCV coinfection and the development of myocardial infarction among HIV-infected individuals.
Framingham Risk Score and Early Markers of Atherosclerosis in a Cohort of Adults Infected with HIV
Authors: Falcone E Liana , Mangili Alexandra , Skinner Sally , Alam Ahsan , Polak Joseph F , Wanke Christine A 
Published: November 2010

Background The utility of the Framingham risk score among individuals infected with HIV is poorly understood. We examined the association of Framingham risk scores with surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in a carefully characterized cohort of adults infected with HIV. Methods We calculated Framingham risk scores and measured carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores in 334 participants from the Nutrition for Healthy Living study. Cardiovascular risk factors, c-IMT and CAC scores were assessed for each Framingham risk subgroup (low versus intermediate/high risk). We used adjusted and unadjusted linear and logistic regression to examine the association between clinical factors and Framingham risk group with c-IMT and CAC scores. Results Patients with intermediate/high Framingham risk scores were more likely to have internal c-IMT≥1.0 mm (26% versus 12%; P=0.003) and common c-IMT≥0.8 mm (22% versus 5%; P<0.001). These patients were also more likely to have detectable CAC (78% versus 48%; P<0.001). Intermediate/high Framingham risk scores were significantly associated with internal c-IMT≥1.0 mm (odds ratio 2.65 [95% confidence interval 1.37–5.13]) and common c-IMT≥0.8 mm (odds ratio 5.24 [95% confidence interval 2.39–11.50]). Intermediate/high Framingham risk scores were also significantly associated with detectable CAC (odds ratio 3.84 [95% confidence interval 2.05–7.16]). The addition of HIV-related variables did not improve the accuracy of the Framingham risk score. Conclusions Our study shows that increased Framingham risk scores are associated with abnormal early and late surrogate markers of atherosclerosis in adults infected with HIV, and might predict the risk of cardiovascular complications in this population.
Specific identification of some female Empoascini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), using morphological characters of the ovipositor and isozyme and mtCOI sequence analyses
Authors: Demichelis Stefano , Manino Aulo , Sartor Chiara , Cifuentes Dina , Patetta Augusto 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe identified females of six species of leafhoppers (tribe Empoascini),Asymmetrasca decedens(Paoli),Empoasca affinisNast,E. decipiensPaoli,E. pteridis(Dahlbom),E. vitisGöthe, andJacobiasca lybica(Bergevin and Zanon), using morphological characters of the ovipositor and isozyme and mitochondrial COI sequence analyses. Useful traits of the ovipositor are tooth morphology, length of the toothed area, form of sculpturing, and number and position of sensilla on the first and second pair of valves. Among the set of enzyme systems assayed, four putative loci,sod, hk-2, est-3,andest-2,together provided reliable diagnostic characters for single species, pairs of species, and groups of species. Analysis of mtCOI sequences revealed differences between the six species of Empoascini, and the neighbour-joining tree separated them into three distinct groups. Phenetic trees elaborated using Nei’s index and the Kimura two-parameter model clustered the six Empoascini species in similar groups.
Sex-related difference in the ability ofCarabus lewisianus(Coleoptera: Carabidae) to escape from pitfall traps
Authors: Yamashita Hanae , Togashi Katsumi , Kiritani Keizi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCarabid beetles can escape from pitfall traps. To determine whether or not a female-biased sex ratio for catches ofCarabus lewisianusBreuning from pitfall traps could be explained by sexual differences in the rates of capture by and escape from traps, we performed two laboratory experiments to estimate these rates using mathematical models. The results indicated that the two sexes dropped into the pitfall traps at almost equal rates (0.0456/min for females and 0.0366/min for males) and that males escaped from the traps at rates of 0.0591 and 0.0889/min, but no females managed to escape. The bias of escape rates in the field is shown by the higher captures of femaleC. lewisianusby pitfall traps. Calibration of capture and escape rates suggested similar activity densities of the two sexes in the field. Development of more accurate measures of the number of the relevant sex on the soil surface, and of the methodology for estimating the values of parameters in the field is discussed.