bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recessive versus imprinted disorder: consanguinity can impede establishing the diagnosis of autosomal dominant pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib
Authors: Turan Serap , Akin Leyla , Akcay Teoman , Adal Erdal , Sarikaya Sevil , Bastepe Murat , Jüppner Harald 
Published: June 2010

Hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia with low/normal parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels can be observed in hypoparathyroidism (HP), a disorder that may follow an autosomal dominant (AD) or autosomal recessive (AR) mode of inheritance. Similar biochemical changes are also observed in pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) type Ia and Ib, but affected patients usually show elevated PTH levels indicative of hormonal resistance. Features of Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO) are typically not observed in patients affected by familial forms of PHP-Ib, which are most frequently caused by maternally inherited, heterozygous microdeletions within STX16 and are associated with isolated loss of methylation at GNAS exon A/B.We established the molecular defect in two children of consanguineous Turkish parents, who presented with hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and low 25-OH vitamin D levels, but initially normal or only mildly elevated PTH levels, i.e. findings that do not readily exclude HP. After normalizing serum magnesium levels, hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia persisted, and PTH levels increased, suggesting PTH resistance rather than PTH deficiency. Because of the absence of AHO and parental consanguinity, an AR form of PHP-Ib appeared plausible, which had previously been suggested for sporadic cases. However, loss of GNAS methylation was restricted to exon A/B, which led to the identification of the 3-kb STX16 microdeletion. The same mutation was also detected in the healthy mother, who did not show any GNAS methylation abnormality, indicating that her deletion resides on the paternal allele.Our findings emphasize the importance of considering a parentally imprinted, AD disorder even if consanguinity suggests an AR mode of inheritance.
Validation of Resonance Frequency Analysis by Comparing Implant Stability Quotient Values With Histomorphometric Data
Authors: Kunnekel Ashish Thomas , Nair K. Chandrasekharan , Naidu E. Munirathnam , Sivagami Gomathinayagam 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The study was designed to determine the relationship between implant stability quotient (ISQ) values measured using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) and implant-bone distance measured histomorphometrically. Ten identical implants were equally divided into 2 groups based on primary stability at placement. Osteotomies were prepared in harvested goat femurs. ISQ values were measured and compared with implant-bone distance determined by micrometry. Based on the results, it was concluded that RFA can be used to measure implant stability reliably.
Nasotracheal Intubation Using the Airtraq Versus Macintosh Laryngoscope: A Manikin Study
Authors: Hirabayashi Yoshihiro , Seo Norimasa 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The Airtraq laryngoscope is a new intubation device that provides a non–line-of-sight view of the glottis. We evaluated this device by comparing the ease of nasotracheal intubation on a manikin with the use of Airtraq versus the Macintosh laryngoscope with and without Magill forceps. Nasotracheal intubation on a manikin was performed by 20 anesthesiologists and 20 residents with the Airtraq or Macintosh laryngoscope. The mean (± SD) time required for nasotracheal intubation by the residents was significantly shorter with the Airtraq laryngoscope than with the Macintosh laryngoscope (16 ± 7 sec vs 22 ± 10 sec; P < .001), but no difference in intubation time was observed between Airtraq (15 ± 11 sec) and Macintosh (13 ± 6 sec) laryngoscopy by the anesthesiologists. The Magill forceps was used more frequently to facilitate intubation with the Macintosh laryngoscope than with the Airtraq laryngoscope in both groups of operators 7(P < .001). The Airtraq laryngoscope scored better on the visual analog scale than did the Macintosh laryngoscope in both groups of operators (P < .05). The Airtraq laryngoscope offers potential advantages over standard direct laryngoscopy for nasotracheal intubation.
Psychotropic Drugs: Implications For Dental Practice
Authors: Becker Daniel E. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Appropriate preoperative assessment of dental patients should always include analysis of their medications. Psychiatric illnesses including panic/anxiety disorder, depression, psychoses, and manic disorders are prevalent within our society. An impressive number of drug formulations are prescribed for these disorders, and they introduce concern regarding side effects and possible drug interactions with medications the dentist may deem necessary for dental care. This article will address essential pharmacology of these psychotropic medications.
Microstructure of super-austenitic steels after long-term annealing
Authors: Kraus Martin , Kroupa Aleš , Miodownik Peter , Svoboda Milan , Vrestal Jan 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Longevity of materials, especially technological parts, is influenced by microstructure development during long-time annealing of such parts during their industrial service. Important relations between the volume fractions of phases and the time of service, especially the precipitation of intermetallics need to be revealed. The present study describes the time dependence of the structure development of two corrosion resistant steels with chromium content of 27 and 32 wt.% and various additions of nickel, molybdenum, manganese, silicon, copper and nitrogen. The microstructure was studied on samples annealed at 700 °C for 500, 3 188 and 6 170 h, revealing the kinetics of the equilibrium process. The homogeneity of samples was checked before heat treatment. The experimental microstructures are compared with the predicted phase composition. The effect of using different databases is also discussed.
Steady state creep in a rotating composite disc of variable thickness
Authors: Deepak Dharmpal , Gupta Vinay K. , Dham Ashok K. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The steady state creep in a rotating disc having variable thickness and made of isotropic aluminium–silicon carbide particulate composite has been investigated. Using threshold stress based creep law, the general expressions for stresses and strain rates in the discs have been obtained. The expressions are used to calculate the distributions of stresses and strain rates in different discs viz (i) disc having constant thickness (ii) disc having linearly varying thickness and (iii) disc having hyperbolically varying thickness. The volume of different discs is kept the same. The study revealed that the stresses and strain rates in the disc could be reduced to a significant extent by varying the disc profile. The linearly varying disc exhibits the lowest values of stresses and strain rates compared to those observed in hyperbolic or uniform thickness disc.
The heat capacity measurements of CoSb3-based Skutterudite compounds
Authors: Zhang Yubi , Li Changrong , Xu Guiying , Du Zhenmin , Guo Cuiping , Li Jingbo 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The thermoelectric materials of CoSb3-based Skutterudite compounds were prepared by spark plasma sintering. The micrographic images, the elemental compositions and the crystalline structures of the samples were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, energy spectrum analysis and X-ray diffraction respectively. The molar heat capacities of CoSb3, (Co0.95Ni0.05)Sb3 and Er0.1CoSb3 were measured by modulated differential scanning calorimetry from 190 to 600 K. The results show that both the transition element Ni and the rare-earth element Er can decrease considerably the molar heat capacities of CoSb3-based compounds.
Effect of cyclic heat treatment on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti–Si alloys
Authors: Zhang Xinjiang , Zhan Yongzhong , She Jia , Hu Jing , Du Yong 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Samples of Ti-8Si, Ti-13.67Si and Ti-23Si (at.%) alloys treated using different cyclic heat treatment processes have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The microstructures, Vickers hardnesses and compressive properties of the as-cast and annealed samples are compared. For the Ti-8Si and Ti-23Si alloys, only the eutectic microstructure in the as-cast alloy is obviously altered after annealed at 900 °C (where β-Ti is stable) for 20 min and then cooled in air with six cyclic treatments, or firstly treated at 900 °C (where β-Ti is stable) for 20 min followed by quenching in air, and then treated at 700 °C (where α-Ti is stable) for 40 min followed by cooling in furnace, with six cycles) cyclic heat treatment. The microstructure of Ti-13.67Si alloy changes from the features of clubbed and larger sized Ti5Si3 grains to finer grain size during different cyclic heat treatment. Vickers hardness of all alloys is significantly increased in the cyclic processing. For the Ti-23Si alloys, particles in the eutectic structure of as-cast alloy were spheroidized after cyclic heat treatment, resulting in increasing of both Vickers hardness and compressive properties.
Reaction of Selected Peanut Varieties and Breeding Lines to Southern Stem Rot1
Authors: Besler B. A. , Grichar W. James , Smith O. D. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Eight Texas and one Georgia breeding lines, four accessions from Burkina Faso (West Africa), and six runner and two spanish-type cultivars were compared for yield, grade, and susceptibility to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. for 3 yr under irrigated field conditions. The spanish-type cultivar Tamspan 90 and runner-type breeding line TX896100 (recently released as Tamrun 96) consistently had the lowest disease incidence for all 3 yr. Averaged over years, TX896100 was the highest yielding entry. Four breeding lines resulted in a 2 to 16% yield increase over Okrun, the highest yielding cultivar. The African accessions, in general, produced low yields and low grades with no advantages in disease resistance.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Response to Imazethapyr as Affected by Timing of Application1
Authors: Grichar W. James , Nester P. R. , Sestak D. C. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Field studies were conducted in 1994 and 1995 to evaluate the effect of imazethapyr on peanut growth and yield under weed-free conditions as influenced by timing of application. Imazethapyr applied preemergence (PRE) and 7, 21, 35, 49, and 63 d after planting (DAP) had no effect on peanut pod weight. In 1 of 2 yr, imazethapyr applied PRE, 21 DAP, or 35 DAP increased yield over the untreated check. In 1 of 2 yr, peanut grade was reduced with imazethapyr applied 49 DAP.
Effect of Soil pH on Sclerotial Germination and Pathogenicity of Sclerotium rolfsii1
Authors: Shim M-Y. , Starr J. L. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The effect of soil pH on sclerotial germination and pathogenicity of two isolates of Sclerotium rolfsii on peanut was examined. Sclerotial germination for both isolates was greater (P ≤ 0.05) in acidic soil than at alkaline pHs. Similarly, percentage of peanut stems infected by S. rolfsii in greenhouse tests was greater at soil pH 5.6 than at alkaline soil pHs (P ≤ 0.05), but disease did develop at soil pH 8.7 and 9.8. In contrast to a previous in vitro study, these data confirm that sclerotia of S. rolfsii will germinate and initiate disease at soil pH &gt; 7.0.
The Effect of Dry Pegging Zone Soil on Pod Formation of Florunner Peanut1
Authors: Sexton P. J. , Bennett J. M. , Boote K. J. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fruit growth is sensitive to surface soil (0-5 cm) conditions due to its subterranean fruiting habit. This study was conducted to determine the effect of soil water content in the pegging zone (0-5 cm) on peanut pod growth rate and development. A pegging-pan-root-tube apparatus was used to separately control soil water content in the pegging and root zone for greenhouse trials. A field study also was conducted using portable rainout shelters to create a soil water deficit. Pod phenology, pod and seed growth rates, and final pod and seed dry weights were determined. In greenhouse studies, dry pegging zone soil delayed pod and seed development. In the field, soil water deficits in the pegging and root zone decreased pod and seed growth rates by approximately 30% and decreased weight per seed from 563 to 428 mg. Pegs initiating growth during drought stress demonstrated an ability to suspend development during the period of soil water deficit and to re-initiate pod development after the drought stress was relieved.
Sensory Quality Traits of the Runner-Type Peanut Cultivar Georgia Green and its Value as a Parent Compared with Florunnner1
Authors: Pattee H. E. , Isleib T. G. , Gorbet D. W. , Moore K. M. , Lopez Y. , Baring M. R. , Simpson C. E. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Georgia Green has become the dominant runner market-type peanut cultivar in the United States because of its high yield and superior disease resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus. However, the roasted peanut flavor quality of Georgia Green has not been formally reported, and questions regarding its flavor quality have been expressed by the peanut industry. The objective of this study was to compare the roasted peanut flavor qualities of Georgia Green to those of the long-time industry standard Florunner. This study also provided an opportunity to further expand investigations into the parent selection effects on progeny roasted peanut flavor quality. A total of 192 samples of cultivars Florunner, Georgia Green, and Georgia Greens parents, Southern Runner and Sunbelt Runner, were collected from 1986 to 2000 from the Southeast, Southwest, and Virginia-Carolina peanut production regions. A descriptive sensory panel evaluated flavor attributes of a roasted sound mature kernel (SMK) sample from each plot. The sensory attributes of the four genotypes were compared directly, and the data were included in a Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) model of breeding value of 112 peanut cultivars and breeding lines. Georgia Green was not significantly different from the industry standard cultivar Florunner in the sensory attributes roasted peanut [4.5 vs. 4.1 flavor intensity units (fiu), ns], bitter (3.2 vs. 3.3 fiu, ns), and astringent (3.3 vs. 3.4 fiu, ns). It was significantly sweeter than Florunner (3.3 vs 3.0 fiu, P &lt; 0.05). The BLUPs of breeding value for roasted peanut and sweet attributes of Georgia Green were among the highest of any peanut lines included in the analysis. Based on this finding, widespread use of Georgia Green as a parent should contribute to flavor improvement in peanut breeding programs.
Development of Stem Rot (Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii) in Peanut in Alabama
Authors: Bowen K. L. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Stem rot, or southern blight, caused by the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii, is an important disease of peanut in the southeastern U.S. Incidence and apparent onset of stem rot varies from year to year depending on planting date, weather conditions, and other factors. In order to more fully understand the effects of weather on stem rot, disease progress was evaluated through the 1995, 1996, and 1997 cropping seasons. Evidence of S. rolfsii was observed on peanut roots and crowns as early as 20 d after planting (DAP), which was 1 to several wk before stem rot lesions or plant wilt were observed. Disease measures tended to be lower in 1997 than in preceding years even though more rainfall and more consistent soil moisture were noted in 1997. Soil moisture was frequently in excess of field capacity from rainfall and may have contributed to suppressing stem rot development in 1997, perhaps by limiting oxygen availability. In 1995 and 1996, rainfall patterns were more normal and irrigation contributed to greater stem rot incidence. However, low moisture, specifically 7 d with &lt; 1.8 cm rain, was associated with increases in numbers of dead plants, perhaps due to cumulative stress from disease and lack of moisture. Areas under disease progress curves for stem rot tended to be greater for early plantings compared to late plantings. However, by ca. 118 DAP, early plantings did not consistently have a greater incidence of dead plants, probably due to environmental conditions immediately preceding that date.
Control of Seed Transmission of Cylindrocladium parasiticum in Peanut with Seed Treatment Fungicides
Authors: Glenn D. L. , Phipps P. M. , Stipes R. J. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Seeds of peanut cultivars VA 98R and NC-V11 with speckled testae were treated with fungicide and assayed on a selective medium to determine the viability of Cylindrocladium parasiticum. The fungus was isolated from 78 and 90% of the untreated speckled seed of the respective cultivars. Seed treatment with captan + pcnb + carboxin, fludioxonil, captan, and thiophanate methyl significantly reduced recovery of the pathogen in both cultivars. Speckled seed of VA 98R and NC-V11 were treated with fungicides and planted in greenhouse and/or field trials in Suffolk, VA. Plants became infected with C. parasiticum after treated and untreated speckled seed were planted in steam-treated soil in the greenhouse. In one trial, seed treatment with fludioxonil, tebuconazole, and LS 176 significantly reduced taproot colonization by C. parasiticum compared to the untreated check. In a second greenhouse trial, only fludioxonil provided significant suppression of disease. In the field, treatment with fludioxonil, thiram, and tebuconazole significantly lowered Cylindrocladium black rot (CBR) incidence compared to the untreated check. Thiram significantly reduced taproot colonization compared to all treatments except fludioxonil. Based on the present study, the addition of thiram and/or fludioxonil to the standard treatment of captan + pcnb + carboxin may offer the best protection against seed transmission of C. parasiticum.
Interactive Effects of PEG-induced Water Stress and CaCl2 on the Status of Calcium and Ca2+ Binding Proteins During Seedling Growth of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Cultivars
Authors: Sulochana Ch , Savithramma N. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Seedlings of two peanut cultivars (TPT-1 and TPT-4) grown in distilled water for 12 d were subjected to polyethylene glycal (PEG-6000) induced water stress. Twenty mM CaCl2 was added to the stressed seedlings to examine the ameliorative effect of PEG induced water stress. The seedlings were analysed for calcium content at 2-d intervals for 7 d. Calcium-binding proteins (CaBPs) were quantified in the seedlings of different treatments in the two cultivars. Water stressed seedlings had significantly lower calcium content. The seedlings of the two cultivars showed differences in the accumulation of calcium under treatments. CaBPs fractionated through DEAE cellulose columns. The pooled fractions of the proteins separated by SDS-PAGE contained different molecular weights of polypeptides. The polypeptides were resolved on the CaCl2-treated seedlings better than either control or water stressed and PEG + CaCl2 treated seedlings. Calmodulin isolated from the seedlings of both the cultivars showed a single band co-migrating with 15 kDa protein of Bovine brain calmodulin. Differences between the cultivars, treatments and interaction for the parameters were significant. The two cultivars showed differences in calcium-binding proteins under PEG-induced water stress and its alleviation by CaCl2 in peanut seedlings.
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Response to Cyclanilide and Prohexadione Calcium
Authors: Jordan D. L. , Beam J. B. , Lanier J. E. , Lancaster S. H. , Johnson P. D. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Excessive growth of Virginia market-type peanut affects row visibility and pod yield of peanut. Ten experiments were conducted from 2000 to 2002 in North Carolina to compare peanut response to cyclanilide and prohexadione calcium applied at 50% row closure followed by a repeat application 2 wk later. Cyclanilide and prohexadione calcium increased row visibility in all experiments. Main stem height was shorter at the end of the season when cyclanilide and prohexadione calcium were applied compared with non-treated peanut in all experiments except one. Prohexadione calcium improved row visibility compared with cyclanilide in three experiments and equaled cyclanilide in seven experiments. Main stem height was similar following application of cyclanilide and prohexadione calcium in eight of the 10 experiments. When pooled over experiments, pod yield ranged from 4210 to 4480 kg/ha and did not differ between non-treated peanut and peanut treated with either plant growth regulator. However, prohexadione calcium did increase pod yield of peanut compared with cyclanilide. Results indicate that cyclanilide is not as effective as prohexadione calcium in managing peanut vine growth because of inconsistent enhancement of row visibility and possible negative impacts on pod yield.
Improving Shelf Life of Roasted and Salted Inshell Peanuts Using High Oleic Fatty Acid Chemistry
Authors: Mozingo R. W. , O'Keefe S. F. , Sanders T. H. , Hendrix K. W. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Major markets for the large-seeded virginia-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) include roasted inshell and salted inshell products with short shelf life being a common consumer complaint. Unlike many other peanut products, it is not economically possible to package these inshell peanuts in nitrogen flushed, oxygen barrier bags. A number of studies have shown that roasted runner-type peanuts with high contents of oleic fatty acid have improved oxidative stability and longer shelf life. A large-seeded, virginia-type peanut cultivar (AgraTech VC-2) with the high oleic trait has been released but no information is available on its shelf life stability. Therefore, this high oleic cultivar and the normal oleic cultivar VA 98R from the 2000 and 2001 crop were used for shelf life evaluations. Peanuts were sized into the fancy inshell grade for roasted inshell and salted inshell products. Peroxide value (PV) results for the roasted inshell peanuts indicated that normal oleic fatty acid (50% range) peanuts reached a PV of 20 meq/kg by the end of 4 wk of storage. On the other hand, the high oleic fatty acid (80% range) peanuts did not reach a value of 20 meq/kg until approximately 32 wk. When salted inshell the normal oleic peanuts exceed a PV of 20 meq/kg before the 2nd wk, whereas the high oleic peanuts still had not reached a PV of 20 meq/kg after 40 wk of storage. These results show a significant advantage of high oleic peanuts for extending shelf life of large-seeded, virginia-type peanuts for either roasted or salted inshell processing.