bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Quick Joule‐Heating Coupled with Solid‐Phase Synthesis for Carbon‐Supported Pd–Se Nanoparticles Toward High‐Efficiency Electrocatalysis
Authors: Hu Zhenya , Huang Li , Ma Mengyuan , Xu Lin , Liu Hui , Xu Wenqing , Yang Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith respect to the potential of palladium (Pd)‐based nanomaterials in catalyzing typical electrochemical reactions, herein, a strategy that couples the quick Joule‐heating with a solid phase synthesis for producing carbon‐supported Pd–Se nanoparticles with welcome features is reported, e.g., fine sizes, clean surfaces, and controlled crystal phases toward electrocatalysis of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) in an alkaline medium. Principally, the introduction of Se into Pd alters its electronic properties and weakens the adsorption of key reaction intermediates on the Pd–Se nanoparticles during the ORR and EOR process, thus endowing them with better electrocatalysis for the same electrochemical reactions. Impressively, the carbon‐supported Pd–Se nanoparticles exhibit phase‐dependent electrocatalysis toward ORR and EOR. In particular, the cubic Pd17Se15 nanoparticles supported on carbon substrate show mass activity of 0.206 A mgPd−1 and specific activity of 0.546 mA cm−2 at 0.9 V for ORR in 0.1 m KOH electrolyte, while the orthorhombic PdSe2 nanoparticles show a mass activity of 3.79 A mgPd−1 for EOR, higher than that of their cubic counterpart and commercial Pd/C catalyst. The universality of this synthetic strategy in manufacturing carbon‐supported noble metal chalcogenide nanoparticles and highlighting its potential in designing highly efficient electrocatalysts are emphasized.
Electron Spectroscopy and Microscopy: A Window into the Surface Electronic Properties of Polycrystalline Metal Halide Perovskites
Authors: Wong E Laine , Folpini Giulia , Zhou Yang , Albaqami Minirah Dukhi , Petrozza Annamaria 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the past years, an increasing number of experimental techniques have emerged to address the need to unveil the chemical, structural, and electronic properties of perovskite thin films with high vertical and lateral spatial resolutions. One of these is angle‐resolved photoemission electron spectroscopy which can provide direct access to the electronic band structure of perovskites, with the aim of overcoming elusive and controversial information due to the complex data interpretation of purely optical spectroscopic techniques. This perspective looks at the information that can be gleaned from the direct measurement of the electronic band structure of single crystal perovskites and the challenges that remain to be overcame to extend this technique to heterogeneous polycrystalline metal halide perovskites.
High‐Performance Dendrite‐Free Lithium Metal Anode Based on Metal‐Organic Framework Glass
Authors: Ding Junwei , Du Tao , Jensen Lars R. , Sørensen Søren S. , Wang Deyong , Wang Shiwen , Zhang Linsen , Yue Yuanzheng , Smedskjaer Morten M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe performance of lithium metal batteries is severely hampered by uncontrollable dendrite growth and volume change within the anode. This work addresses these obstacles by introducing a novel strategy: applying an isotropic and internal grain‐boundary‐free layer, specifically, a metal‐organic framework (MOF) glass layer with nano‐porosity onto the electrochemically plated lithium metal anode. Both ab initio and classical molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the MOF glass layer makes the lithium transport smooth and uniform via its internal monolithic and interfacial advantages. This MOF glass layer with the fast and more uniform lithium diffusion in the monolithic interior and its interface enables dendrite‐free lithium plating and stripping through surface confinement effect and interfacial effect. When employed in symmetric batteries, the achieved Li metal anode can operate over 300 h at 1 mA cm−2. The full batteries matched with LiFePO4 exhibit high capacity (148 mAh g−1), excellent rate performance (61 mAh g−1 at 5 C), and outstanding cycling stability (with capacity retention of ≈90% after 1000 cycles). The full batteries matched with high‐voltage LiCoO2 also show superior performances. Therefore, the strategy of utilizing a MOF glass layer enables the development of high‐performance lithium metal anodes.
Performance Improvement of Formamidinium‐Based Perovskite Photodetector by Solution‐Processed C8‐BTBT Modification
Authors: Huang Fobao , Ding Yiluo , Liu Chunxiao , Hu Gongwei , Makarov Sergey , Zhang Dongwei , Wang Yucheng , Huang Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganic–inorganic hybrid perovskite has attracted extensive research due to its excellent optoelectronic properties and is a competitive candidate material for a new generation of photodetectors. However, lateral structure photodetectors based only on perovskite active materials still present moderate performance and poor stability. Herein, lateral structure formamidinium‐based perovskite FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3 photodetectors are reported which are modified by a solution‐processed organic semiconductor 2,7‐dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2‐b][1]benzothiophene (C8‐BTBT) layer for improved photosensitive performance and ambient/flexibility stability. High‐mobility organic semiconductor C8‐BTBT serves as an efficient hole transport layer that fills the grain boundaries and gaps of the FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3 film, enabling rapid extraction and transport of the photo‐generated carriers from the perovskite to the electrodes, resulting in enhanced photosensitive performance of the photodetector. Compared with the original device, the C8‐BTBT‐modified photodetector exhibits dramatically improved performance with a best responsivity of 1278 mA W−1, specific detectivity of 1.58 × 1012 Jones, external quantum efficiency of 298%, and fall time of 14.09 ms, which is 10.84 times less than 152.76 ms of the pure perovskite device. Moreover, the C8‐BTBT film acts as a protective layer for the FA0.9Cs0.1PbI3 film because of its good air stability and effective coverage, which significantly improves the ambient stability of the perovskite photodetector compared with the original device, increasing photocurrent retention from 2.5% to 61.5% or 81.5% at different humidity after 6 days. Furthermore, the C8‐BTBT‐modified perovskite photodetector exhibits outstanding flexibility performance, with only a 5% reduction in photocurrent under bending and almost no change after 200 bending cycles, while those of the pristine perovskite device have degraded to ≈80% and ≈75% under the same conditions, respectively. This study provides a facile and effective solution‐processed‐based strategy for constructing high‐performance and stable perovskite photodetectors.
Decarbonylative and Dehydrogenative Cascade Annulation of N‐(o‐Cyanobiaryl)acrylamides with Aldehydes
Authors: Zhang Cui , Jiang Bo , Shen Yun‐Tao , Jiang Wei , Ran Yu‐Song , Fan Tai‐Gang , Li Ya‐Min 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDecarbonylative and dehydrogenative cascade annulation of aldehydes with N‐(o‐cyanobiaryl)acrylamides was developed for the synthesis of a broad spectrum of alkyl‐ and carbonyl‐substituted pyrido[4,3,2‐gh]phenanthridines. Secondary and tertiary aldehydes can undergo the decarbonylative cascade under DTBP/malonic acid conditions, while aryl, primary, and secondary aldehydes can undergo dehydrogenative reaction under TBHP system. Such transformations were triggered by alkyl and acyl radicals, and the annulations were accomplished through intramolecular additions of carbon‐centered radical to nitrile group and iminyl radical to aromatic ring.
Exploring metabolic alterations in PYCR2 deficiency: Unveiling pathways and clinical presentations of hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 10
Authors: Gürbüz Berrak Bilginer , Gülbakan Basri , Özgül Rıza Köksal , Yalnızoğlu Dilek , Yılmaz Didem Yücel , Göçmen Rahşan , Koşukcu Can , Kandemir Nurgün , Acar Neşe Vardar , Salih Bekir , Dursun Ali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProline‐5‐carboxylate reductase 2, encoded by PYCR2 gene, is an enzyme that catalyzes the last step of proline synthesis from pyrroline‐5‐carboxylate synthetase to proline. PYCR2 gene defect causes hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 10. Up until now, to our knowledge around 38 patients with PYCR2 defect have been reported. Herein, we describe clinical, neuroradiological, biochemical findings, and metabolomic profiling of three new genetically related cases of PYCR2 defects from a large family. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amino acid levels were measured and untargeted metabolomic profiling of plasma and CSF were conducted and evaluated together with the clinical findings in the patients. While plasma and CSF proline levels were found to be totally normal, untargeted metabolomic profiling revealed mild increases of glutamate, alpha‐ketoglutarate, and l‐glutamate semialdehyde and marked increases of inosine and xanthine. Our findings and all the previous reports suggest that proline auxotrophy is not the central disease mechanism. Untargeted metabolomics point to mild changes in proline pathway and also in purine/pyrimidine pathway.
Primary amenorrhea in myotonic dystrophy type 1: Initial presentation versus incidental finding on whole genome sequencing
Authors: Damon Jenna , Chase Colby , Higashimoto Tomoyasu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMyotonic dystrophy type 1 is an autosomal dominant condition due to a CTG repeat expansion in the myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK) gene. This multisystem disorder affects multiple organ systems. Hypogonadism in males affected by myotonic dystrophy is commonly reported; however, the effect on female hypogonadism remains controversial. A 19‐year‐old female was referred to our genetics clinic due to primary amenorrhea without any family history of similar symptoms. Initial genetics evaluation identified a variant of uncertain significance in IGSF10, c.2210T>C (p.Phe737Ser). Follow‐up genetic evaluation via whole genome sequencing identified at least 100 CTG repeats in the DMPK gene, thus resulting in the diagnosis of myotonic dystrophy type 1. The patient remains otherwise asymptomatic from myotonic dystrophy. This is the first report that demonstrates primary amenorrhea as a possible presenting feature of myotonic dystrophy type 1, thus providing evidence supporting female hypogonadism in myotonic dystrophy type 1.
Generating real‐world evidence in Alzheimer's disease: Considerations for establishing a core dataset
Authors: Galvin James E. , Cummings Jeffrey L. , Benea Mihaela Levitchi , de Moor Carl , Allegri Ricardo F. , Atri Alireza , Chertkow Howard , Paquet Claire , Porter Verna R. , Ritchie Craig W. , Sikkes Sietske A. M. , Smith Michael R. , Grassi Christina Marsica , Rubino Ivana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOngoing assessment of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in postapproval studies is important for mapping disease progression and evaluating real‐world treatment effectiveness and safety. However, interpreting outcomes in the real world is challenging owing to variation in data collected across centers and specialties and greater heterogeneity of patients compared with trial participants. Here, we share considerations for observational postapproval studies designed to collect harmonized longitudinal data from individuals with mild cognitive impairment or mild dementia stage of disease who receive therapies targeting the underlying pathological processes of AD in routine practice. This paper considers key study design parameters, including proposed aims and objectives, study populations, approaches to data collection, and measures of cognition, functional abilities, neuropsychiatric status, quality of life, health economics, safety, and drug utilization. Postapproval studies that capture these considerations will be important to provide standardized data on AD treatment effectiveness and safety in real‐world settings.
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and hawthorn (Crataegus oxyacantha) extract additives in carboxymethyl chitosan scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering applications
Authors: Baysan Gizem , Yilmaz Pinar Akokay , Husemoglu Resit Bugra , Albayrak Aylin Ziylan , Sisman Ali Riza , Havitcioglu Hasan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAdvancements in new treatment methods are becoming increasingly necessary due to a longer life expectancy, particularly in the field of osteochondral tissue engineering. In the present study, osteochondral tissue scaffolds with/without the addition of hawthorn or elderberry extracts were fabricated. Poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDE) cross‐linked carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogel scaffold matrix was used as a control group. The addition of the plant extracts resulted in open porous structures with pore sizes around 100–450 μm and elastic modulus between 0.5 and 0.7 MPa, biomimicking the osteochondral tissue. Scaffolds containing either plant extract showed a high swelling tendency (1500–1750%) and a delayed release of the extracts after a week. Furthermore, the weight loss of the scaffolds after an enzymatic degradation for 56 days was ~30%. In addition, in vitro biocompatibility analyses were performed using bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells confirming non‐cytotoxicity for all the scaffold types. Biochemical assessment of alkaline phosphatase activity and glycosaminoglycan content yielded results consistent with osteochondral scaffold requirements. Finally, immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the plant extract addition, especially elderberry, increased collagen type I and type II formation. As a result, the addition of both hawthorn and elderberry extracts is a promising approach to osteochondral tissue regeneration.
Ionic Liquids as Cathode Additives for High Voltage Lithium Batteries
Authors: Palluzzi Matteo , Tsurumaki Akiko , Mozhzhukhina Nataliia , Rizell Josef , Matic Aleksandar , D'Angelo Paola , Navarra Maria Assunta 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTwo oxalatoborate ionic liquids (ILs), which are commonly utilized as electrolyte additives that form a protective layer on the cathode surface, are investigated for the first time as electrode additives. Cathodes based on LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) containing 3 wt % ILs, i. e., “IL‐enriched cathodes”, exhibit capacity values above 120 mAh/g with high Coulombic efficiencies throughout cycling over 200 times. A cathode without ILs also exhibits a capacity of 119 mAh/g but its Coulombic efficiency becomes low and unstable after 109 cycles. In addition, when 0.3 M ILs are added to conventional carbonate‐based electrolytes, the battery cycle life improves but there is a reduction in the capacity probably due to low ionic conductivity of the electrolyte mixtures. Post‐mortem analyses of electrodes retrieved from cycled cells highlight less electrolyte decomposition and less cathode corrosion, enabled by using the IL as the additive in LNMO, which are confirmed by a particle shape with smooth surface identical to the fresh cathode. The study demonstrates that oxalatoborate ILs can be used as the electrode additive, and this provides a new concept for cathode formulations for high performance batteries with a small amount of ILs.
An ingenious technique based on the usage of fluorone‐based dye; pyrosin B in prucalopride assay in different matrices through an “on–off” dye native fluorescence probe
Authors: Abu‐hassan Ahmed A. , Mahdi Wael A. , Alshehri Sultan , El Hamd Mohamed A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrucalopride (PCD), is a modern medication approved by the United States in 2018 to alleviate constipation caused by motility issues. PCD demonstrates a strong affinity and selectivity toward the 5‐HT4 receptor. The study here introduces a feasible, direct, non‐extractive, and affordable pathway for PCD analytical tracking. The fluorimetric study is based on the on–off effect on the emission amplitude of fluorone‐based dye (pyrosin B). In a one‐pot experiment, the complex between PCD and pyrosin B is formed instantly in an acidic medium. Correlation between decreased pyrosin B emission and PCD concentrations provides a linear calibration plot from 50 to 900 ng/mL. PCD–dye complex system affecting variables were meticulously tuned. The values of the estimated limit of quantitation and limit of detection for the current methodology were 47.5 and 15.7 ng/mL, respectively. Conformity of the strategy validity was achieved by a comprehensive study of the International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use criteria. The method was convincingly applied for PCD assay in tablets and content uniformity investigation. Furthermore, PCD tracking in the spiked biological fluid was applied. Finally, the method uses distilled water as dispersing medium which rise accommodation with the green chemistry principle.
Analysis of chemoresistance characteristics and prognostic relevance of postoperative gemcitabine adjuvant chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ren Jiaqiang , Wu Shuai , Su Tong , Ding Jiachun , Chen Fan , Li Jie , Wang Zheng , Han Liang , Wu Zheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the relationship between chemoresistance in pancreatic cancer patients receiving postoperative gemcitabine adjuvant therapy and specific clinical/pathological characteristics, as well as its impact on patient prognosis.MethodsFrom June 2018 to June 2021, clinical and pathological data of 148 pancreatic cancer patients were collected, and 101 patients were followed up for tumor recurrence/metastasis and survival status. The correlation between chemoresistance and specific clinical/pathological characteristics or patient prognosis was retrospectively analyzed.ResultsOf the 148 patients, 78 were in the chemoresistance group and 70 in the non‐chemoresistance group. Univariate analysis showed that the development of chemoresistance may be related to patient age, combined diabetes, preoperative CA19‐9 level, tumor size, AJCC stage, vascular invasion, and positive lymph node ratio. Furthermore, subsequent multivariate analysis incorporating these variables indicated that tumor size may be a key factor influencing chemoresistance (p < 0.001, OR = 1.584). Log‐rank test showed patients in the chemoresistance group had worse overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.102, p = 0.018) and progression free survival (PFS) (HR = 3.208, p = 0.002) than patients in the non‐chemoresistance group; and patients with smaller size tumors (diameter ≤3 cm) had significantly better OS (HR = 2.923, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 2.930, p = 0.003) than those with larger size tumors (diameter >3 cm).ConclusionsPatients with pancreatic cancer receiving postoperative gemcitabine adjuvant therapy are more likely to develop chemoresistance when their tumor sizes are larger (diameter >3 cm). Development of chemoresistance exacerbates the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer, and larger tumor size is also a risk factor for poor prognosis in these patients.
Recent Advances in Bioactive Carbon Nanotubes Based on Polymer Composites for Biosensor Applications
Authors: Mousavi Seyyed Mojtaba , Nezhad Fatemeh Fallahi , Ghahramani Yasamin , Binazadeh Mojtaba , Javidi Zahra , Azhdari Rouhollah , Gholami Ahmad , Omidifar Navid , Rahman Mohammed M. , Chiang Wei‐Hung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent breakthroughs in the field of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have opened up unprecedented opportunities for the development of specialized bioactive CNT‐polymers for a variety of biosensor applications. The incorporation of bioactive materials, including DNA, aptamers and antibodies, into CNTs to produce composites of bioactive CNTs has attracted considerable attention. In addition, polymers are essential for the development of biosensors as they provide biocompatible conditions and are the ideal matrix for the immobilization of proteins. The numerous applications of bioactive compounds combined with the excellent chemical and physical properties of CNTs have led to the development of bioactive CNT‐polymer composites. This article provides a comprehensive overview of CNT‐polymer composites and new approaches to encapsulate bioactive compounds and polymers in CNTs. Finally, biosensor applications of bioactive CNT‐polymer for the detection of glucose, H2O2 and cholesterol were investigated. The surface of CNT‐polymer facilitates the immobilization of bioactive molecules such as DNA, enzymes or antibodies, which in turn enables the construction of state‐of‐the‐art, future‐oriented biosensors.
Exploring the Anti‐Inflammatory Potential of Australian Native Plants Based on their Ethnopharmacological Knowledge
Authors: Mathew Shintu , Zhou Xian , Münch Gerald , Raju Ritesh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInflammation represents the inherent protective reaction of the human body to various harmful agents and noxious stimuli. Standard anti‐inflammatory therapy including nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs are associated with several side effects. In the past decades, people rely on medicinal plants for the treatment of inflammation. The traditional utilization of medicinal plants is regarded as a safe, cost‐effective, and broadly accepted approach. In this study, anti‐inflammatory activity of plants traditionally utilized by the D'harawal people in Australia has been assessed in vitro. Eighty Australian native plants were screened based on the Dharawal Pharmacopeia for their inhibitory effect on the nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and interferon (IFN)‐γ stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophages for their anti‐inflammatory activity. From the eighty ethanolic extracts screened, seventeen displayed potent NO inhibition with an IC50 recorded below 15 μg/mL. The aim of this review was to utilise the ethnopharmacological knowledge and to correlate the anti‐inflammatory activity of the seventeen plants with either their known or unknown phytochemicals reported in the literature. In doing so, we have created a snapshot of Australian native plant candidates that warrant further chemical investigation associated with their anti‐inflammatory activity.
Lindane and Cetrimide lotion poisoning in an adult patient: A case report on an uncommon ingestion
Authors: Rai Pragya , Shrestha Shrijan , Rijal Suman , Singh Rakesh 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageLindane induces severe side effects, including fatality, while Cetrimide causes esophageal damage. With no antidotes available, our patient ingested both, requiring prompt gastric lavage and comprehensive treatment.
Polycystic liver disease: An uncommon genetic condition
Authors: Limaiem Faten , Hajri Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Key Clinical MessageTimely recognition, accurate diagnosis, and proper management are vital for preventing complications and improving outcomes in polycystic liver disease.AbstractPolycystic liver disease is an uncommon genetic condition characterized by the presence of over 20 liver cysts. It is symptomatic in only 5% of cases. Surgical intervention remains the primary treatment approach for managing symptoms in affected patients. Herein, we report a case of PLD revealed by severe abdominal pain.