bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resting interhemispheric functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity predicts performance after stroke
Authors: Carter Alex R. , Astafiev Serguei V. , Lang Catherine E. , Connor Lisa T. , Rengachary Jennifer , Strube Michael J. , Pope Daniel L. W. , Shulman Gordon L. , Corbetta Maurizio 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveFocal brain lesions can have important remote effects on the function of distant brain regions. The resulting network dysfunction may contribute significantly to behavioral deficits observed after stroke. This study investigates the behavioral significance of changes in the coherence of spontaneous activity in distributed networks after stroke by measuring resting state functional connectivity (FC) using functional magnetic resonance imaging.MethodsIn acute stroke patients, we measured FC in a dorsal attention network and an arm somatomotor network, and determined the correlation of FC with performance obtained in a separate session on tests of attention and motor function. In particular, we compared the behavioral correlation with intrahemispheric FC to the behavioral correlation with interhemispheric FC.ResultsIn the attention network, disruption of interhemispheric FC was significantly correlated with abnormal detection of visual stimuli (Pearson r with field effect = −0.624, p = 0.002). In the somatomotor network, disruption of interhemispheric FC was significantly correlated with upper extremity impairment (Pearson r with contralesional Action Research Arm Test = 0.527, p = 0.036). In contrast, intrahemispheric FC within the normal or damaged hemispheres was not correlated with performance in either network. Quantitative lesion analysis demonstrated that our results could not be explained by structural damage alone.InterpretationThese results suggest that lesions cause state changes in the spontaneous functional architecture of the brain, and constrain behavioral output. Clinically, these results validate using FC for assessing the health of brain networks, with implications for prognosis and recovery from stroke, and underscore the importance of interhemispheric interactions. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:365–375
Clinical features and outcomes of carotid artery stenting by clinical expert consensus criteria: A report from the CARE registry
Authors: Anderson H. Vernon , Rosenfield Kenneth A. , White Christopher J. , Ho Kalon K. L. , Spertus John A. , Jones Philip G. , Tang Fengming , Cates Christopher U. , Jaff Michael R. , Koroshetz Walter J. , Katzan Irene L. , Hopkins L. Nelson , Rumsfeld John S. , Brindis Ralph G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground: In 2007, a multispecialty society task force published a clinical expert consensus document (CECD) on carotid stenting (CAS), containing recommendations for appropriate patient selection and quality of care. The CECD also inspired creation of a large, national registry of carotid revascularization, the Carotid Artery Revascularization and Endarterectomy (CARE) registry. Our goal here was to investigate whether initial CAS procedures submitted to CARE conformed to CECD recommendations, and examine their clinical outcomes. Methods: We analyzed CAS procedures for the period January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2008. These were grouped into those that conformed to CECD recommendations [CECD(+), n = 4,636, 79.8%] and those that did not [CECD(−), n = 1,168, 20.2%]. Results: The CECD(+) patients were older than CECD(−) patients (71.5 ± 10.3 vs. 67.6 ± 10.3 years, P = 0.001, respectively), and more frequently had chronic kidney disease (46.9% vs. 17.8%, P = 0.001), chronic lung disease (33.0% vs. 12.4%, P = 0.001), ejection fraction ≤ 0.30 (13.5% vs. 5.5%, P = 0.001) and contralateral carotid artery occlusion (12.7% vs. 4.6%, P = 0.001). Clinical outcomes at 30 days were similar, including death (1.24% vs. 0.76%, P = 0.184), stroke (5.32% vs. 5.34%, P = 0.954), and death, stroke, or MI (7.04% vs. 6.95%, P = 0.944). Conclusions: Most CAS procedures submitted to CARE conformed to CECD recommendations for patient selection. For reported data, clinical outcomes at 30 days were similar for procedures meeting and those not meeting recommendations, and were similar to outcomes reported by other large registries. These findings suggest that acceptable patient selection criteria for CAS are employed as it expands beyond investigators into more widespread clinical practice. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Einfluss ionischer Flüssigkeiten mit funktionalisierten Kationen auf die palladiumkatalysierte Flüssigphasenhydrierung von Citral
Authors: Claus P. , Arras J. , Ruppert D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBei der palladiumkatalysierten Flüssigphasenhydrierung von Citral in Anwesenheit ionischer Flüssigkeiten fungieren diese als Modifikatoren in Bezug auf Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit und Selektivitätsverhalten. Um ihren Einfluss zu untersuchen, wurden 23 ionische Flüssigkeiten unterschiedlicher Struktur auf ihre Modifikatoreigenschaften in der Citralhydrierung an Pd/C näher untersucht. Dabei wirkten nitrilfunktionalisierte ionische Flüssigkeiten ebenfalls selektivitätsfördernd zu Citronellal wie dicyanamidbasierte.
Upfront, randomized, phase 2 trial of sorafenib versus sorafenib and low‐dose interferon alfa in patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Jonasch Eric , Corn Paul , Pagliaro Lance C. , Warneke Carla L. , Johnson Marcella M. , Tamboli Pheroze , Ng Chaan , Aparicio Ana , Ashe Robynne G. , Wright John J. , Tannir Nizar M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to independently evaluate the objective response rate of sorafenib and sorafenib plus low‐dose interferon‐alfa 2b (IFN) as frontline therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC).METHODS:Untreated patients with clear cell mRCC were randomized to receive sorafenib 400 mg orally twice daily or sorafenib 400 mg orally twice daily plus subcutaneous IFN 0.5 million U (MU) twice daily. Primary endpoints included the objective response rate (ORR) and safety. Secondary endpoints included progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Exploratory endpoints included the predictive value of tumor tissue biomarkers.RESULTS:Eighty patients were enrolled. The median follow‐up was 19.7 months (range, 0‐34.2 months). The ORR was 30% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16.6%‐46.5%) in the sorafenib arm and 25% (95% CI, 12.7%‐41.2%) in the combination arm. The median PFS was 7.39 months in the sorafenib‐alone arm (95% CI, 5.52‐9.20 months) and 7.56 months in the sorafenib plus IFN arm (95% CI, 5.19‐11.07 months). The median OS was 27.04 months in the combination arm (95% CI, from 22.31 to not attained) and was not reached in the sorafenib arm. Toxicities were comparable in both arms. In a multivariate model, increased phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAKT) levels were associated with poorer PFS (hazard ratio, 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.08; P = .0411) and OS (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.29; P = .0173).CONCLUSIONS:The addition of low‐dose IFN to sorafenib resulted in efficacy outcomes that were comparable to those achieved with sorafenib monotherapy. The current results indicated that pAKT levels may predict for clinical outcome, but further mechanistic study is required. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Using of chicken antibodies for metallothionein detection in human blood serum and cadmium‐treated tumour cell lines after dot‐ and electroblotting
Authors: Krizkova Sona , Adam Vojtech , Eckschlager Tomas , Kizek Rene 
Published: October 2009

AbstractMetallothionein (MT) is a low‐molecular mass protein playing an essential role in homeostasis of heavy metal ions. Its relation with formation and progression of a tumour disease is discussed in this article. Here, we propose a new methodological approach for visualization of MT on PVDF membranes after dot‐ and electroblotting by using a commercial mouse monoclonal antibody E9 and polyclonal chicken antibodies. The optimized procedure was as follows. We dotted 1 μL sample volume on PVDF membrane and let it to dry. Then, we blocked the membrane surface with 2% BSA in PBS for 30 min. After that, the membrane was incubated in chicken primary antibody (diluted 1:500), washed, and incubated in rabbit‐anti‐chicken secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. To visualize the interaction, we used 3‐aminoethyl‐9‐carbazole. Under these conditions, we estimated detection limit as 3 pg of MT per 1 μL. The optimal approach was further utilized for detection of MT level in two human fibroblast cell lines and in blood serum obtained from children with medulloblastoma. The results were in good agreement with differential pulse voltammetry‐Brdicka reaction.
Visual DNA as a diagnostic tool
Authors: Pettersson Erik , Ståhl Patrik L. , Mahdessian Hovsep , Käller Max , Lundeberg Joakim , Ahmadian Afshin 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe report on the incorporation of the Visual DNA concept in a genotyping assay as a simple and straightforward detection tool. The principle of trapping streptavidin‐coated superparamagnetic beads of micrometer size for visualization of genetic variances is used for PrASE‐based detection of a panel of mutations in the severe and common genetic disorder of cystic fibrosis. The method allows a final investigation of genotypes by the naked eye and the output is easily documented using a regular hand‐held device with an integrated digital camera. A number of samples were run through the assay, showing rapid and accurate detection using superparamagnetic beads and an off‐the‐shelf neodymium magnet. The assay emphasizes the power of Visual DNA and demonstrates the potential value of the method in future point‐of‐care tests.
Comparison of methods for quantification of subtle splice variants
Authors: Schindler Stefanie , Heiner Monika , Platzer Matthias , Szafranski Karol 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAlternative splicing is capable of generating multiple mRNA variants from a single gene and is hence a key mediator of molecular diversity generated at the transcript level. Consequently, delivering quantitative information on the fractions of splice variants is essential for the understanding of their biological roles. Here we compare techniques for subtle splice variant quantification that are able to resolve length differences as small as one nucleotide: PAGE with ethidium‐bromide densitometry, pyrosequencing, and CE‐LIF. We give comprehensive descriptions of assay designs and calibration procedures and present an evaluation of these methods in terms of accuracy, reproducibility and applicability. We also examined template concentrations and reverse transcription‐coupled PCR conditions as potential cause of biased results as they were observed for extreme low template concentrations and/or PCR amplicons with size differences of 195 nt. As proof of concept, we determine the splice ratios of variants differing by 3 and 12 nt in five human tissues. We demonstrate that CE‐LIF is the most precise and also the most labor‐ and time‐efficient method.
Postcolumn derivatization of proteins in capillary sieving electrophoresis/laser‐induced fluorescence detection
Authors: Kaneta Takashi , Yamamoto Daisuke , Imasaka Totaro 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe separation methods for proteins with high resolution and sensitivity are absolutely important in the field of biological sciences. Capillary sieving electrophoresis (CSE) is an excellent separation technique for DNA and proteins with high resolution, while LIF permits the most sensitive detection in CSE. Therefore, proteins have to be labeled with fluorescent or fluorogenic reagent to produce fluorescent derivatives. Both precolumn and oncolumn derivatization have been employed for the labeling of proteins in CSE. However, there is no report on the postcolumn derivatization due to the limitation in the use of a standard migration buffer, despite it being a promising method for sensitive detection of proteins. Here, we show a novel postcolumn derivatization method for protein separation by CSE, using a tertiary amine as a buffer component in the running buffer. Tris, which is commonly used as a base in CSE separation buffers, was substituted by tertiary amines, 2‐(diethylamino)ethanol and triethanolamine. A buffer solution containing 2‐(diethylamino)ethanol or triethanolamine can be used for the CSE separation followed by the postcolumn derivatization of proteins, since both reagents are unreactive toward a fluorogenic labeling reagent, naphthalene‐2,3‐dicarbaldehyde. Thus, LIF detection using the postcolumn derivatization permits significant reduction in the LOD (by a factor of 2.4–28) of proteins, compared with conventional absorbance detection.
Preliminary results for 2‐D separation with high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography and pressurized planar electrochromatography
Authors: Chomicki Adam , Ślązak Piotr , Dzido Tadeusz H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPreliminary results of 2‐D separation of test dye mixture using high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) and pressurized planar electrochromatography (PPEC) are demonstrated. The advantage of 2‐D HPTLC/PPEC separation is based on different separation selectivities obtained in both HPTLC and PPEC systems. HPTLC RP18 W plates of 5×20 cm from Merck were used in the investigations. In the first dimension, a HPTLC process was performed using 5 cm length of the plate and in the second dimension PPEC separation was obtained applying plate of 20 cm length. PPEC process followed prewetting the chromatographic plate with sample zones on it, which were partly separated after first dimensional (HPTLC) separation. In the experiments, the modified version of PPEC device for 20 cm long chromatographic plate and the reservoir for prewetting the adsorbent layer were applied.
Hematopoietic immortalizing function of the NKL‐subclass homeobox geneTLX1
Authors: Zweier‐Renn Lynnsey A. , Hawley Teresa S. , Burkett Sandra , Ramezani Ali , Riz Irene , Adler Rima L. , Hickstein Dennis D. , Hawley Robert G. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTranslocations resulting in ectopic expression of theTLX1homeobox gene (previously known asHOX11) are recurrent events in human T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL). Transduction of primary murine hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells with retroviral vectors expressingTLX1readily yields immortalized hematopoietic progenitor cell lines. Understanding the processes involved inTLX1‐mediated cellular immortalization should yield insights into the growth and differentiation pathways altered byTLX1during the development of T‐ALL. In recent clinical gene therapy trials, hematopoietic clonal dominance or T‐ALL‐like diseases have occurred as a direct consequence of insertional activation of theEVI1,PRDM16orLMO2proto‐oncogenes by the retroviral vectors used to deliver the therapeutic genes. Additionally, the generation of murine hematopoietic progenitor cell lines due to retroviral integrations intoEvi1orPrdm16has also been recently reported. Here, we determined by linker‐mediated nested polymerase chain reaction the integration sites in eightTLX1‐immortalized hematopoietic cell lines. Notably, no common integration site was observed among the cell lines. Moreover, no insertions into theEvi1orPrdm16genes were identified although insertion nearLmo2was observed in one instance. However, neitherLmo2nor any of the other genes examined surrounding the integration sites showed differential vector‐influenced expression compared to the cell lines lacking such insertions. While we cannot exclude the possibility that insertional side effects transiently provided a selective growth/survival advantage to the hematopoietic progenitor populations, our results unequivocally rule out insertions intoEvi1andPrdm16as being integral to theTLX1‐initiated immortalization process. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Carcinoma arising from pharyngeal diverticula
Authors: Khan Afroze Shah , Dwivedi Raghav C. , Khan Abbas Shah , Thway Khin , Fisher Cyril , Rhys‐Evans Peter H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground.Pharyngeal diverticulum or Zenker's diverticulum carcinoma is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis. Carcinoma arising in a recurrent pharyngeal diverticulum is even rarer, with only 1 such case reported in the English‐language literature. We report 2 patients with pharyngeal diverticulum carcinoma exhibiting an unusual presentation and good long‐term, disease‐free survival with normal speech and swallowing.Methods.A 70‐year‐old man with a carcinoma in a recurrent pharyngeal diverticulum excised 20 years previously and a 65‐year‐old man with a neck mass as the only presentation of pharyngeal diverticulum carcinoma.Results.Our patients were treated with open resection, laryngeal preservation, and postoperative radiotherapy (PORT), resulting in long‐term tumor control and disease‐free survival of 5 and 15 years (longest reported), respectively.Conclusion.One‐stage diverticulectomy with or without radiotherapy is the treatment of choice and can provide long‐term control and survival. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Dynamic up‐regulation of prodynorphin transcription in temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Pirker Susanne , Gasser Elisabeth , Czech Thomas , Baumgartner Christoph , Schuh Elisabeth , Feucht Martha , Novak Klaus , Zimprich Fritz , Sperk Günther 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDynorphin neuropeptides are believed to act as endogenous anticonvulsants, though direct evidence for such a role in humans is sparse. We now report pronounced increases of prodynorphin mRNA expression in the dentate gyrus of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy in comparison to controls. We detected a conspicuously right skewed, bimodal distribution of mRNA levels among patients, suggestive of a dynamic up‐regulation of prodynorphin expression in epilepsy. Highest transcript levels were seen postictally. Our data argue for an essential role of dynorphin in the termination of seizures. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oxidative cyclization of 3‐cinnamoyltropolones with I2/DMSO/H2SO4 system
Authors: Gao Wentao , Li Yang , Zhang Hong , Chang Mingqin , Imafuku Kimiaki 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
magnified imageIn this study, a facile and general method synthesizing flavone‐like 2‐aryl‐4,9‐dihydrocyclohepta[b]pyran‐4,9‐diones (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j, 2k, 2l, 2m, 2n, 2o, 2p, 2q, 2r, 2s, 2t, 2u, 2v, 2w, 2x, 2y) from 3‐cinnamoyltropolones (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f, 1g, 1h, 1i, 1j, 1k, 1l, 1m, 1n, 1o, 1p, 1q, 1r, 1s, 1t, 1u, 1v, 1w, 1x, 1y) via oxidative cyclization reaction by using I2/DMSO/H2SO4 system is described. The method was found to be successfully applicable to a wide range of 3‐cinnamoyltropolone derivatives and characterized by generality, compatibility, and easy work‐up procedures. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).
Ontogenetic change in skull morphology and mechanical advantage in the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta)
Authors: Tanner Jaime B. , Zelditch Miriam L. , Lundrigan Barbara L. , Holekamp Kay E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWeaning represents a challenging transition for young mammals, one particularly difficult for species coping with extreme conditions during feeding. Spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) experience such extreme conditions imposed by intense feeding competition during which the ability to consume large quantities of food quickly is highly advantageous. As adult spotted hyenas have massive skulls specialized for durophagy and can feed very rapidly, young individuals are likely at a competitive disadvantage until that specialized morphology is completely developed. Here we document developmental changes in skull size, shape, and mechanical advantage of the jaws. Sampling an ontogenetic series of Crocuta skulls from individuals ranging in age from 2 months to 18 years, we use linear measurements and geometric morphometrics to test hypotheses suggesting that size, limited mechanical advantage of the jaws, and/or limited attachment sites for jaw muscles might constrain the feeding performance of juveniles. We also examine skull development in relation to key life history events, including weaning and reproductive maturity, to inquire whether ontogeny of the feeding apparatus is slower or more protracted in this species than in carnivores not specialized for durophagy. We find that, although mechanical advantage reaches maturity in hyenas at 22 months, adult skull size is not achieved until 29 months of age, and skull shape does not reach maturity until 35 months. The latter is nearly 2 years after mean weaning age, and more than 1 year after reproductive maturity. Thus, skull development in Crocuta is indeed protracted relative to that in most other carnivores. Based on the skull features that continue to change and to provide additional muscle attachment area, protracted development may be largely due to development of the massive musculature required by durophagy. These findings may ultimately shed light on the adaptive significance of the unusual “role‐reversed” pattern of female dominance over males in this species. J. Morphol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ion trap mass analysis at high pressure: an experimental characterization
Authors: Song Qingyu , Xu Wei , Smith Scott A. , Gao Liang , Chappell William J. , Cooks R. Graham , Ouyang Zheng 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn recent years, it has become increasingly interesting to understand the performance of mass spectrometers at pressures much higher than those employed with conventional operating conditions. This interest has been driven by several influences, including demand for the development of reduced‐power miniature mass spectrometers, desire for improved ion transfer into and through mass spectrometers, enhanced‐yield preparative mass separations, and mass filtering at the atmospheric pressure interface. In this study, an instrument was configured to allow for the performance characterization of a rectilinear ion trap (RIT) at pressures up to 50 mtorr with air used as the buffer gas. The mass analysis efficiency, mass resolution, isolation efficiency, and collision‐induced dissociation (CID) efficiency were evaluated at pressures ranging from 1 to 50 mtorr. The extent of degradation of mass resolution, isolation efficiency and ion stability as functions of pressure were characterized. Also, the optimal resonance ejection conditions were obtained at various pressures. Operations at 50 mtorr demonstrated improved CID efficiency in addition to peak widths of 2 and 5 m/z units (full width at half‐maximum, FWHM) for protonated caffeine (m/z 195) and Ultramark (m/z 1521) respectively. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of various food ingredients on the retention of furan in foods
Authors: Van Lancker Fien , Adams An , Owczarek Agnieszka , De Meulenaer Bruno , De Kimpe Norbert 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSince furan is classified as “possibly carcinogenic to humans,” many studies investigated furan concentrations in foods. However, no data are available on the impact of food ingredients on the retention or release of furan from food. These data are important, since they explain the differences in furan removal during domestic food preparation. Furan retention was studied by spiking various samples with D4‐furan and comparing D4‐furan evaporation from these samples with comparable aqueous solutions. In addition, furan concentrations were determined. Furan retention caused by starch gels was negligible. Oils caused high furan retention: peak areas of furan in oils ranged from 22 to 25% of the corresponding aqueous solutions. In addition, in coffee, furan retention was mainly caused by the lipophilic fraction. However, since furan retention was also found in defatted coffee and coffee grounds, other coffee constituents also have the ability to retain furan. Peak areas of furan in the headspace of baby foods ranged from 71 to 97% of those in water. In addition, in this case, the highest retention was found in baby foods with added oils. Baby food containing spinach showed the highest furan concentration (172 ppb) as well as the highest furan retention.