bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Optimal pressure reactivity index range is disease-specific: A comparison between aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and traumatic brain injury
Authors: Svedung Wettervik Teodor , Howells Timothy , Hånell Anders , Lewén Anders , Enblad Per 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Impaired cerebral pressure autoregulation is common and detrimental after acute brain injuries. Based on the prevalence of delayed cerebral ischemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients compared to traumatic brain injury (TBI), we hypothesized that the type of autoregulatory disturbance and the optimal PRx range may differ between these two conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal PRx ranges in relation to functional outcome following aSAH and TBI, respectively.

Methods
In this observational study, 487 aSAH patients and 413 TBI patients, treated in the neurointensive care, Uppsala, Sweden, between 2008 and 2018, were included. The percentage of good monitoring time (%GMT) of PRx was calculated within 8 intervals covering the range from -1.0 to + 1.0, and analyzed in relation to favorable outcome (GOS-E 5 to 8).

Results
In multiple logistic regressions, a higher %GMTs of PRx in the intervals -1.0 to -0.5 and + 0.75 to + 1.0 were independently associated with a lower rate of favorable outcome in the aSAH cohort. In a similar analysis in the TBI cohort, only positive PRx in the interval + 0.75 to + 1.0 was independently associated with a lower rate of favorable outcome.

Conclusion
Extreme PRx values in both directions were unfavorable in aSAH, possibly as high PRx could indicate proximal vasospasm with exhausted distal vasodilatory reserve, while very negative PRx could reflect myogenic hyperreactivity with suppressed cerebral blood flow. Only elevated PRx was unfavorable in TBI, possibly as pressure passive vessels may be a more predominant pathomechanism in this disease.
Analysis of the Dynamics in Linear Chain Models by means of Generalized Langevin Equations
Authors: Koch Fabian , Mandal Suvendu , Schilling Tanja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe analyse the motion of one particle in a polymer chain. For this purpose, we use the framework of the exact (non-stationary) generalized Langevin equation that can be derived from first principles via the projection-operator method. Our focus lies on determining memory kernels from either exact expressions for autocorrelation functions or from simulation data. We increase the complexity of the underlying system starting out from one-dimensional harmonic chains and ending with a polymer driven through a polymer melt. Here, the displacement or the velocity of an individual particle in the chain serves as the observable. The central result is that the time-window in which the memory kernels show structure before they rapidly decay decreases with increasing complexity of the system.
A New School, a Fresh Start? Change and Stability in Peer Relationships and Academic Performance in the Transition from Primary to Secondary School
Authors: Lorijn Sofie J. , Zwier Dieuwke , Laninga-Wijnen Lydia , Huisman Mark , Veenstra René 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious studies on peer relationships in school transitions neglected individual differences, or did not examine the relation with academic performance in secondary school. This study followed 649 students from their last year of primary school to their first year in secondary school (Mage at T1 = 11.6 (SD = 0.6); 53.6% girls). Results revealed that students became more attached to peers, less lonely, and were stable in victimization across the transition. Particularly students with more negative peer experiences in primary school enjoyed a “fresh start” in terms of peer experiences in secondary school. Students who had more co-transitioning peers experienced greater reductions in loneliness. Changes in peer experiences over the transition did not relate to academic performance in secondary school.
Compatibility study of mirtazapine with several excipients used in pharmaceutical dosage forms employing thermal and non-thermal methods
Authors: Circioban Denisa , Ledeți Adriana , Ridichie Amalia , Vlase Titus , Ledeți Ionuț , Bradu Ionela-Amalia , Pahomi Alexandru , Sbârcea Laura , Vlase Gabriela 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMirtazapine is an atypical antidepressant used in the management of insomnia, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety or panic disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder and migraines. It is used worldwide in pharmaceutical formulations alongside various excipients in its hemihydrate form. The objective of the study was the compatibility evaluation between MRTHH and ten pharmaceutical excipients. The presence of incompatibilities between the API and the selected excipients was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy performed on all pure samples and prepared mixtures at room temperature (23 ± 2 °C), as well as a complete thermal stress evaluation (TG—thermogravimetric/DTG—derivative thermogravimetric/DSC—differential scanning calorimetry). The results showed particularities for all analyzed mixtures, α-lactose monohydrate, starch, sorbitol, magnesium stearate, calcium lactate and magnesium citrate proving to be safe to use together with mirtazapine in binary mixtures at temperatures below 130 °C, while for polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 and aerosol precautions need to be considered at temperatures over 100 °C. The association of mirtazapine with D-mannitol or stearic acid proved to raise concerns even at room temperature, indicating possible interactions that may alter the chemical integrity of the active pharmaceutical ingredient and with it, its therapeutic effect. These findings should be taken into consideration during the selection of the technological procedures used in the manufacturing process of dosage forms that include mirtazapine alongside with any of these excipients so that unwanted chemical interactions could be avoided.
AI Within Online Discussions: Rational, Civil, Privileged?
Authors: Carstens Jonas Aaron , Friess Dennis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile early optimists have seen online discussions as potential spaces for deliberation, the reality of many online spaces is characterized by incivility and irrationality. Increasingly, AI tools are considered as a solution to foster deliberative discourse. Against the backdrop of previous research, we show that AI tools for online discussions heavily focus on the deliberative norms of rationality and civility. In the operationalization of those norms for AI tools, the complex deliberative dimensions are simplified, and the focus lies on the detection of argumentative structures in argument mining or verbal markers of supposedly uncivil comments. If the fairness of such tools is considered, the focus lies on data bias and an input–output frame of the problem. We argue that looking beyond bias and analyzing such applications through a sociotechnical frame reveals how they interact with social hierarchies and inequalities, reproducing patterns of exclusion. The current focus on verbal markers of incivility and argument mining risks excluding minority voices and privileges those who have more access to education. Finally, we present a normative argument why examining AI tools for online discourses through a sociotechnical frame is ethically preferable, as ignoring the predicable negative effects we describe would present a form of objectionable indifference.
Virtual and augmented reality to develop empathy: a systematic literature review
Authors: Lacle-Melendez Jose , Silva-Medina Sofia , Bacca-Acosta Jorge 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecent research suggests that Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) as immersive technologies are effective in developing empathy. The main reason behind this assumption is that immersive technologies allow people to experience perspective-taking. However, there is a lack of systematic literature reviews that summarize the current state of research on VR and AR to elicit empathy. This paper reports a systematic literature review of 37 academic papers published between 2007 and 2023. The following categories were analyzed in this review: field of education, data collection instruments, sample size, statistically significant results, technologies used, research design, advantages, limitations, and future research. The main findings of this review provide an overview of the current state of research on immersive technologies to elicit empathy and the future challenges in this field. Some of the main findings involve: VR/AR immersion devices are effective and appealing to participants; the Interpersonal Reactivity Index was found to be the most relevant self-report measure; and larger sample sizes (over 100 participants) are vital in VR/AR-based empathy research to provide a quantitative perspective on participants distribution.
Dual Classifier Adaptation: Source-Free UDA via Adaptive Pseudo-Labels Learning
Authors: Wang Yunyun , Li Qinghao , Hua Ziyi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDifferent from Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA), Source-Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (SFUDA) transfers source knowledge to target domain without accessing the source data, using only the source model, has attracted much attention recently. One mainstream SFUDA method fine-tunes the source model by self-training to generate pseudo-labels of the target data. However, due to the significant differences between different domains, these target pseudo-labels often contain some noise, and it will inevitably degenerates the target performance. For this purpose, we propose an innovative SFUDA method with adaptive pseudo-labels learning named Dual Classifier Adaptation (DCA). In DCA, a dual classifier structure is introduced to adaptively learn target pseudo-labels by cooperation between source and target classifiers. Simultaneously, the minimax entropy is introduced for target learning, in order to adapt target data to source model, while capture the intrinsic cluster structure in target domain as well. After compared our proposed method DCA with a range of UDA and SFUDA methods, DCA achieves far ahead performance on several benchmark datasets.
Exogenous shocks and electoral outcomes
Authors: Das Kaustav , Ghosh Atisha , Maitra Pushkar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDo voters react to shocks that are beyond the control of politicians? We consider the case of the assassination of a senior politician in India, in the middle of an election. We find that Congress(I), the party of the assassinated leader, gained significantly from this event through increased vote shares and improved likelihood of victory. Sympathy towards Congress(I) and changed perceptions about governing abilities of the contesting parties in the post-assassination environment played crucial roles in determining the final outcomes of the election. Our results imply that even in environments where voters are expected to make their decisions based on prior performance of parties, an unanticipated, random, exogenous event can affect voting behaviour.
Realizing expectations? High-impact entrepreneurship across countries
Authors: Kleinhempel Johannes , Estrin Saul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Comparative international entrepreneurship research has often used measures of high-growth expectations entrepreneurship to proxy for the construct of high-impact entrepreneurship. We revisit this practice by assessing the cross-country association between high-growth expectations and realized high-impact entrepreneurship to speak to construct measurement fit. We find that expectations are not a good proxy for realizations; they are associated with different determinants and outcomes, respectively. We go on to introduce the notion of entrepreneurial projection bias to gauge the misfit between expectations and realizations. Conditioning on entrepreneurial projection bias partially restores the association between realized high-impact entrepreneurship and its determinants (or outcomes) when realizations are proxied using expectations. Furthermore, we show that opportunity-motivated entrepreneurship also does not proxy well for high-impact entrepreneurship. Our analysis brings into question current survey-based approaches to measuring high-impact entrepreneurship and existing rankings of countries’ entrepreneurial performance, with important implications for entrepreneurship theory and policy.
Microbial recovery of rare earth elements from various waste sources: a mini review with emphasis on microalgae
Authors: Vítová Milada , Mezricky Dana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRare Earth Elements (REEs) are indispensable in contemporary technologies, influencing various aspects of our daily lives and environmental solutions. The escalating demand for REEs has led to increased exploitation, resulting in the generation of diverse REE-bearing solid and liquid wastes. Recognizing the potential of these wastes as secondary sources of REEs, researchers are exploring microbial solutions for their recovery. This mini review provides insights into the utilization of microorganisms, with a particular focus on microalgae, for recovering REEs from sources such as ores, electronic waste, and industrial effluents. The review outlines the principles and distinctions of bioleaching, biosorption, and bioaccumulation, offering a comparative analysis of their potential and limitations. Specific examples of microorganisms demonstrating efficacy in REE recovery are highlighted, accompanied by successful methods, including advanced techniques for enhancing microbial strains to achieve higher REE recovery. Moreover, the review explores the environmental implications of bio-recovery, discussing the potential of these methods to mitigate REE pollution. By emphasizing microalgae as promising biotechnological candidates for REE recovery, this mini review not only presents current advances but also illuminates prospects in sustainable REE resource management and environmental remediation.
Enabling comprehensive assessment of marine eutrophication impacts and their evaluation against regional safe operating space
Authors: Vea Eldbjørg Blikra , Jwaideh Mark , Richardson Katherine , Ryberg Morten , Bjørn Anders , Hauschild Michael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Nitrogen emissions from human activities are contributing to elevated levels of eutrophication in coastal ecosystems. Mechanisms involved in marine eutrophication show strong geographical variation. Existing life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) and absolute environmental sustainability assessment (AESA) methods for marine eutrophication do not adequately represent this variability, do not have a full global coverage, and suffer from other limitations, such as poor estimation of coastal residence times. This study aims to advance LCIA and AESA for marine eutrophication.

Methods
We aligned and combined recent advancements in marine eutrophication LCIA and AESA methods into one method. By re-running models underlying the combined methods and incorporating additional data sources, we included marine regions missing in previous methods and improved fate modeling, with the inclusion of denitrification and plant uptake in the air emission-terrestrial deposition pathway. To demonstrate and validate our method, we applied it in a case study.

Results
The developed method allows the assessment of marine eutrophication impacts from emissions to soil, freshwater, and air at high resolution (0.083° and 2° × 2.5° for inland and air emissions, respectively) and spatial coverage (all ice-free global continents). In the case study, we demonstrate the added value of our method by showing that the now quantified spatial variability within spatial units, e.g., river basins, can be large and have a strong influence on the modeled marine eutrophication from the case study. Compared to existing methods, our method identifies larger occupations of safe operating space for marine eutrophication, mainly due to the high resolution of the coastal compartment, reflecting a more realistic areal extent of marine eutrophication impacts.

Conclusions
Although limited by factors such as simulations based on a single reference year for modeling inland and air fate, our method is readily applicable to assess the marine eutrophication impact of nitrogen emitted to any environmental compartment and relate it to the safe operating space. With substantial advancement of existing approaches, our method improves the basis for decision-making for managing nitrogen and reducing emissions to levels within the safe operating space.
An advanced ICMV for vibratory roller compaction
Authors: Pistrol Johannes , Hager Mario , Kopf Fritz , Adam Dietmar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The compaction success of vibratory roller compaction can be assessed by systems for continuous compaction control (CCC) or intelligent compaction (IC) which calculate soil stiffness-proportional quantities based on measurements of the motion behavior of the vibrating drum. However, state-of-the-art intelligent compaction meter values (ICMV) do not only depend on the stiffness of the soil but are also strongly influenced by machine and process parameters. In this paper, the methodology for determining an advanced ICMV is presented, in which the mechanical properties of the soil, the process parameters and geometric relationships in the contact area between the drum and the soil are directly included in the calculation. The methodology is explained on the example of measurement data from a compaction test conducted on sandy gravel with a heavy single-drum roller. The results of the novel ICMV are compared with those of the most widely used IC systems.
ALEKS in High School Mathematics Classrooms: Exploring Teachers’ Perceptions and Use of this Tool
Authors: Kumor Tristan , Uribe-Flórez Lida , Trespalacios Jesús , Yang Dazhi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThere has been a limited amount of research that has attempted to determine teaching strategies using adaptive learning systems. Most studies have attempted to measure success of the use of these technologies based on improvements in students’ test scores but have lacked to provide any information regarding the pedagogy implemented while using the tool or teachers’ perceptions of it. A basic qualitative study was conducted where five Chicagoland high school mathematics teachers, who used the Assessment and Learning in Knowledge Spaces (ALEKS) system, were interviewed three times during one academic school year. This study asked participants to share first-hand experiences and perceptions of using ALEKS as the main learning tool. Teachers used ALEKS for assessing student understanding through its quizzes and assignments, analyzing student progress, and allowing students to practice and receive feedback on mathematical concepts. The findings of this study indicate that teachers found ALEKS to be easy to use and useful in their teaching. Specifically, teachers cited the assessment tools, built-in feedback, ability to personalize learning, and the accessibility of learning tools for students as useful in their teaching.
The unintended consequences of IMF programs: Women left behind in the labor market
Authors: Kern Andreas , Reinsberg Bernhard , Lee Claire 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite societal progress toward achieving gender equality, women remain disadvantaged across all walks of life. We examine how pressures by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) for austerity and liberalization policies affect women’s economic empowerment in developing countries. Focusing on labor market outcomes, we expect that IMF programs increase the gender unemployment gap. This effect will hold regardless of existing societal gender norms, reflecting that women work in less ‘crisis-proof’ jobs. In contrast, we believe that prevailing societal gender norms will adversely impact women’s ability to remain in the labor force, resulting in widening gender labor force participation gaps. Relying on a dataset covering 128 developing countries between 1992 and 2018, we confirm these expectations. Our findings underscore how, during economically turbulent times, policy demands of the Fund can amplify existing gender inequalities.
The Gray Nine and Parallel Personality Patterns: Big Five, Dark Tetrad, and a “Well-Rounded Personality”
Authors: Boman Björn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe vast literature on personality psychology generally focuses on neutral or socially beneficial personality traits such as the Five-Factor model (e.g., agreeableness, conscientiousness) or “dark” traits such as Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and everyday sadism. However, the current synthesis of the literature indicates that the distinction between benign, malign, and neutral personality traits and facets is partly misguided. In fact, there are many objective and subjective measures that indicate that high agreeableness is not beneficial, while moderate grandiose narcissism is. Many, if not all of the traits are rather gray and socially and personally desired outcomes indicate that people who aim for a well-rounded personality should typically be clustered in the middle of the various personality spectrums. In addition, many of the personality traits are characterized by parallel patterns of good/bad relations to social and personal outcomes.
Parental cancer: mediating and moderating roles of psychological inflexibility in the links between illness severity and parental quality of life and family outcomes
Authors: Landi Giulia , Pakenham Kenneth I. , Cattivelli Roberto , Golfieri Lucia , Grandi Silvana , Tossani Eliana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe challenges of parental cancer while caring for young offspring are often neglected by researchers and healthcare providers. Focusing on parents with cancer, this cross-sectional study examines the mediating and moderating roles of a malleable risk factor, psychological inflexibility, in the relationships between perceived illness severity and parental quality of life (QoL) and family outcomes. Psychological inflexibility was conceptualized using the acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) framework. A total of 86 parents with cancer caring for young offspring (aged 11–24 years; M = 17.94, SD = 3.68) completed a survey that assessed psychological inflexibility, parental mental and physical health QoL, family outcomes (family functioning, parenting concerns, and openness to discuss cancer), socio-demographics, and illness variables. Mediation analyses indicated that higher perceived illness severity was associated with higher levels of psychological inflexibility, which in turn were related to higher detrimental impacts on parental QoL and family outcomes. Results of moderation analyses were non-significant. Findings highlight the detrimental impacts of illness severity on psychological inflexibility, suggesting that it is a psychosocial risk factor in parents dealing with cancer. ACT-based interventions which foster psychological flexibility are likely to enhance parental QoL and family outcomes.