bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Зарубежный опыт совершенствования системы управления государственной службой (на примере Республики Казахстан)
Authors: Галиуллин Т.Т. 
Published: February 2025

Статья посвящена проблеме совершенствования системы управления государственной службой в Российской Федерации. Проведен анализ законодательства в области управления государственной службой в Российской Федерации и Республике Казахстан. Предложен план мероприятий по подготовке первых шагов в реформировании системы управления государственной службой на основе зарубежного опыта.
The article is devoted to the problem of improving the civil service management system in the Russian Federation. An analysis of legislation in the field of civil service management in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan is conducted. An action plan is proposed to prepare the first steps in forming a civil service management system based on foreign experience.
Специфика функций цифрового государства в условиях современной России
Authors: Саляхутдинов В.Ф. 
Published: February 2025

В статье с помощью анонимного экспертного опроса «Особенности и направления формирования российского цифрового государства» автор определяет специфику и основные функции цифрового государства, которыми применительно к современной России являются: защита суверенитета в цифровой среде, представление в киберпространстве цифрового состояния реального государства, внедрение технологических инноваций в процесс оказания государственных услуг, упрощение организационно-управленческих процедур, построение многочисленных и разнообразных каналов интерактивной коммуникации между государственным и частным секторами.
In the article, using an anonymous expert survey “Features and directions of the formation of the Russian digital state”, the author defines the specifics and main functions of the digital state, which, as applied to modern Russia, are: protection of sovereignty in the digital environment, representation in cyberspace of the digital state of the real state, introduction of technological innovations in the process of providing public services, simplification of organizational and managerial procedures, construction of numerous and diverse channels of interactive communication between the public and private sectors.
« Que doit faire un artiste maintenant, à notre époque ? » : l’ancien et le moderne dans la conception artistique de Nikolaj Polevoj (récit Le peintre)
Authors: Tokarev Dimitri 
Published: February 2025

Le récit de Nikolaj Polevoj Le peintre (1833) enrichit un canon romantique déjà bien établi, à son époque, en y introduisant un motif inhabituel : celui de la peinture d’icônes. Le jeune artiste visionnaire Arkadij, explicitement influencé par le modèle de représentation visuelle bien connue de la Madone, tel que décrit par W. G. Wackenroder et popularisé en Russie par Žukovskij, ne peut néanmoins complètement renier son expérience de formation chez un peintre d’icônes. Le désordre visuel qui caractérise les images rassemblées dans l’atelier d’Arkadij reflète son hésitation à choisir un mode de représentation particulier. Cependant, dans son dernier tableau, Le Christ aux enfants, Arkadij parvient à concilier la stéréotypie de l’image religieuse avec une approche visionnaire. Ainsi, la peinture d’icônes, qu’Arkadij perçoit initialement comme incompatible avec les aspirations artistiques de l’époque moderne, se révèle être un élément important dans l’élaboration d’un nouveau modèle artistique. Ce modèle combine la subjectivité romantique à une objectivation presque mécanique de l’image divine, caractéristique de la peinture d’icônes en tant qu’« âge patriarcal de l’art ».
Телемосты и звезды: зарубежная эстрада на телефестивале «Песня года»
Authors: Zhurkova Daria 
Published: February 2025

Советская массовая песня на протяжении всего периода существования СССР позиционировалась ведущим (мета)жанром популярной музыки. Особенности этого жанра регулярно и активно обсуждались в центральных газетах, специализированных музыкальных журналах, просветительских брошюрах и научных монографиях, а также на региональных и всесоюзных Пленумах Союза композиторов. Во всех этих дискуссиях непременно формулировались задачи, стоящие перед советской песней, и обозначалась её специфика, неразрывно связанная с соцреализмом. Его основные принципы в отношении песни формулировались следующим образом: 1) доступность широким массам, 2) приоритет ясной песенной мелодики, 3) строгая избирательность в отношении стилей и жанров, 4) нравственная направленность песенных образов, 5) тематическое разнообразие вкупе с приоритетом песен гражданско-патриотической тематики, 6) ограниченный круг допустимых эмоций, особенно вызываемых любовными переживаниями и, наконец, 7) высокие профессиональные стандарты для композиторов, поэтов и певцов. Телефестиваль «Песня года», стартовавший в самом начале 1970-х годов, задумывался как (хит)парад официально одобряемой советской музыкальной эстрады. Однако его участниками порой оказывались зарубежные певцы и композиторы. Музыкальные номера, которые регулярно появлялись в «Песне года» и репрезентировали международные связи СССР, делятся на три группы. Первую группу составляют выступления непрофессиональных певцов — студенческой молодежи и детей из дружественных стран. Вторая группа складывается из песен, исполненных профессиональными иностранными певцами. Они выступали как «живьем», так и посредством видеозаписей и телемостов с европейскими телестудиями. Третью группу образуют музыкальные номера советских певцов и композиторов, но в отношении которых возникала иллюзия их принадлежности к зарубежной эстраде. На советской сцене популярные зарубежные песни подвергались языковой и тематической адаптации. Тем не менее особенности сценического имиджа зарубежных певцов и певиц, неизменно отходили от соцреалистического канона, характерного для популярных советских композиторов и исполнителей.
MINIMASI BIAYA DISTRIBUSI PRODUK PERTALITE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TRANSPORTASI PADA PT PERTAMINA PATRA NIAGA INTEGRATED TERMINAL BITUNG
Authors: Piopadang Hilda D. K. Y. , Arungpadang Tritiya A.R. , Punuhsingon Charles S. C. 
Published: February 2025

This study describes the final comparison of the minimum cost of pertalite product distribution and knowing the optimal results of pertalite product distribution costs using the Stepping Stone method and POM-QM software comparison. The type of research used is quantitative research with data processing used is the Northwest Corner Method, the Least Cost Method, and the Vogel Method as the method used as the initial feasible solution. The final solution used to find the optimal solution is the Stepping Stone Method and the use of POM-QM software as a comparison. The distribution cost results obtained using the Northwest Corner Method are Rp. 276,892,208, the Least Cost Method obtained Rp. 186,058,754, and the Vogel Method Rp. 77. 415.457. The Stepping Stone Method as the final result obtained Rp.77,415,457. The method that is closest to the optimal value is the Vogel Approximation Method because it can provide minimum costs and provide greater benefits when compared to other methods.
Keywords: Northwest Corner Method, Least Cost Method, Vogel’s Approximation Method.

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini menjelaskan tentang perbandingan akhir biaya minimum distribusi produk pertalite dan mengetahui hasil optimal biaya distribusi produk pertalite dengan menggunakan Metode Stepping Stone dan perbandingan software POM-QM. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan pengolahan data yang digunakan adalah Metode Barat Laut, Metode Biaya Terendah, dan Metode Vogel sebagai metode yang digunakan sebagai solusi awal yang layak. Solusi akhir yang digunakan untuk mencari solusi optimal adalah Metode Stepping Stone dan penggunaan software POM-QM sebagai pembanding. Hasil biaya distribusi yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan Metode Barat Laut sebesar Rp. 276.892.208, Metode Biaya Terendah diperoleh Rp. 186.058.754, dan Metode Vogel sebesar Rp. 77.415.457. Metode Stepping Stone sebagai hasil akhir diperoleh Rp. 77.415.457. Metode yang paling mendekati nilai optimal adalah Metode Vogel karena dapat memberikan biaya yang minimum dan memberikan keuntungan yang lebih besar jika dibandingkan dengan metode lainnya.
Kata kunci: Metode Barat Laut, Metode Biaya Terendah, Metode Vogel.
Failure analysis of shorting issues in bipolar junction transistors circuit using Electron Beam Induced Current technique
Authors: Jacob Paul , MacMahon David , Kurinec Santosh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) technique is used for failure analysis of Integrated Circuits (ICs) and provides information beyond what is readily available with standard electrical device testing. EBIC utilizes an electron beam scanned across the device causing the generation of electron-hole pairs, which are separated by drift in the depletion region at a p-n junction layer, inducing a current that can be amplified and measured by probes. This study reports failure analysis conducted on bipolar junction transistor (BJT) circuits fabricated in-house, where electrical testing showed abnormal characteristics. EBIC measurements complemented with focused ion beam-scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) revealed shorting between base resistors and p-type isolation regions. This was attributed to overetching of isolation oxide, allowing for corrections in the process flow and layout design, and successful refabrication and testing.
Learning fast and accurate absolute pitch judgment in adulthood
Authors: Wong Yetta Kwailing , Cheung Leo Y. T. , Ngan Vince S. H. , Wong Alan C.-N. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Absolute pitch (AP) refers to the ability to identify the pitch of a tone without external references. It is commonly believed that only individuals with special genetic makeup and early musical training within the critical period can develop AP. Recent studies have begun to challenge the critical period notion by showing the possibility of AP acquisition in adults. However, the learning effects could be attributed to learning of pitch height instead of chroma, extended working memory, relative pitch strategies, chance under repeated attempts, pre-existing AP abilities and/or specific cognitive profiles. An 8-week online computerized training program was designed to address these concerns and clarify learnability of AP in adulthood. Twelve musicians on average spent 21.4 h completing 15,327 training trials. By the end of the training, they learned to name an average of 7.08 pitches (ranging from 3 to 12) at an accuracy of 90% or above and within a response-time (RT) window of 1,305–2,028 ms. After training, pitch-naming accuracy was significantly improved by 128.1% (from .139 to .317) and size of error reduced by 42.7% (from 2.62 to 1.50 semitones) for the trained timbre, which generalized partially to an untrained timbre. Overall, results provide more convincing evidence for the learnability of AP judgment in adulthood beyond the critical period, similar to most perceptual and cognitive abilities.
Structural Parameters of the Thin Disk Population from Evolved Stars in the Solar Neighborhood
Authors: İyisan Sedanur , Bilir Selçuk , Önal Taş Özgecan , Plevne Olcay 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the structural parameters of the thin-disk population by analyzing the spatial distribution of evolved stars in the solar neighborhood. From the Gaia Data Release 3 database, about 39.1 million stars within 1 kpc and with relative parallax errors σ

ϖ
/ϖ ≤ 0.10 were selected. The photometric data was corrected for extinction using a Galactic dust map. The sample was refined by considering the color–magnitude region

M

G

×

(

G

BP

−

G

RP

)

0

associated with evolved stars, applying a stricter parallax error limit of σ

ϖ
/ϖ ≤ 0.02, and yielding 671,600 stars. The star sample was divided into 36 regions based on their Galactic coordinates, with evolved stars in the absolute magnitude range of −1 < M
G (mag) ≤ 4 further split into five one-unit magnitude intervals. This led to 180 subgroups whose space-density profiles were modeled using a single-component Galaxy model. The analysis shows that the space densities are in agreement with the literature and that the scale heights vary with 200 < H (pc) < 600 interval to their absolute magnitudes. Red clump stars in the solar neighborhood were also estimated to have a scale height of 295 ± 10 pc. These findings indicate that evolved stars with bright absolute magnitudes originate from the evolution of the early spectral-type stars with short scale height, while fainter ones come from the evolution of the intermediate spectral-type stars with large scale height, suggesting that variations in scale height reflect the contribution of Galactic evolution processes.
MUSEQuBES: Connecting H i Absorption with Lyα Emitters at z ≈ 3.3
Authors: Banerjee Eshita , Muzahid Sowgat , Schaye Joop , Blaizot Jérémy , Bouché Nicolas , Cantalupo Sebastiano , Johnson Sean D. , Matthee Jorryt , Verhamme Anne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of H i absorption around 96 Lyα emitters (LAEs) at z ≈ 3.3 (median Lyα luminosity ≈1042 erg s−1). These LAEs were identified within eight MUSE fields, each

1
′
×
1
′

on the sky and centered on a bright background quasar, as part of the MUSEQuBES survey. Using Voigt profile fitting for all H i absorbers detected within ±​​​​​​500 km s−1 of these LAEs, we compiled a catalog of 800 H i absorption components. Our analysis shows that H i absorption is enhanced near the LAEs compared to the intergalactic medium. However, no trend is found between the column densities of H i absorbers and their impact parameters from the LAEs (spanning ​​​​​​≈54–260 pkpc). Additionally, all galaxies associated with Lyman-limit systems have impact parameters >50 pkpc from the quasar sightlines, suggesting that true absorber hosts may be too faint to detect. The LAEs show an overall H i covering fraction (f
c(H i)) of ≈88% for a threshold

log

10

(
N

/

cm

−
2

)

(H i) = 15. Notably, at the same threshold, the LAEs in pairs/groups exhibit a 100% H i covering fraction out to ≈250 pkpc. In contrast, isolated LAEs consistently show a lower f
c(H i) of ≈80%. This environmental influence on f
c(H i) is also evident up to ≈300 km s−1 in differential bins of line-of-sight velocity. We find an anticorrelation between f
c(H i) and the equivalent width of rest-frame Lyα emission (EW0). Based on the Lyα shell model, this could imply that gas-rich galaxies tend to reside in gas-rich environments or that the LAEs with higher EW0 are more efficient at ionizing their surrounding medium.
Bayesian Pulsar Timing and Noise Analysis with Vela.jl: An Overview
Authors: Susobhanan Abhimanyu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present Vela.jl, an efficient, modular, easy-to-use Bayesian pulsar timing and noise analysis package written in Julia. Vela.jl provides an independent, efficient, and parallelized implementation of the full nonlinear pulsar timing and noise model along with a Python binding named pyvela. One-time operations such as data file input, clock corrections, and solar system ephemeris computations are performed by pyvela with the help of the PINT pulsar timing package. Its reliability is ensured via careful design utilizing Julia's type system, strict version control, and an exhaustive test suite. This paper describes the design and usage of Vela.jl focusing on the narrowband paradigm.
GR-Athena++: General-relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics Simulations of Neutron Star Spacetimes
Authors: Cook William , Daszuta Boris , Fields Jacob , Hammond Peter , Albanesi Simone , Zappa Francesco , Bernuzzi Sebastiano , Radice David 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present the extension of GR-Athena++ to general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) for applications to neutron star spacetimes. The new solver couples the constrained transport implementation of Athena++ to the Z4c formulation of the Einstein equations to simulate dynamical spacetimes with GRMHD using oct-tree adaptive mesh refinement. We consider benchmark problems for isolated and binary neutron star spacetimes demonstrating stable and convergent results at relatively low resolutions and without grid symmetries imposed. The code correctly captures magnetic field instabilities in nonrotating stars with total relative violation of the divergence-free constraint of 10−16. It handles evolutions with a microphysical equation of state and black hole formation in the gravitational collapse of a rapidly rotating star. For binaries, we demonstrate correctness of the evolution under the gravitational radiation reaction and show convergence of gravitational waveforms. We showcase the use of adaptive mesh refinement to resolve the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability at the collisional interface in a merger of magnetised binary neutron stars. GR-Athena++ shows strong scaling efficiencies above 80% in excess of 105 CPU cores and excellent weak scaling is shown up to ∼5 × 105 CPU cores in a realistic production setup. GR-Athena++ allows for the robust simulation of GRMHD flows in strong and dynamical gravity with exa-scale computers.
Comparison of the Accuracy of Toric Intraocular Lens Formulas Used by the Online Calculator of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons
Authors: Liu Chang , Wang Mengyu , Long Da , Zhang Ye , Chen Yan , Wu Qiang 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
To determine the precision of toric intraocular lens (IOL) formulas used by the online calculator of the European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons (ESCRS).

Methods
This retrospective study included patients undergoing phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation from July 2021 to June 2023 in Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The mean absolute prediction error (PE), standard deviation of the PE, and proportion of eyes with a PE within ±0.25, ±0.50, ±0.75, and ±1.00 diopters (D) were calculated by vector analysis.

Results

Among the 85 included patients, the mean and median absolute PE determined from the Barrett estimated posterior corneal astigmatism (EPCA), EVO 2.0, and Hoffer QST toric formulas varied considerably from those derived using the Kane toric formula (
P
< .001,
P
= .045,
P
< .001, respectively). For all toric formulas, the centroid of the PE deviated considerably from zero (
P
< .001). The EVO 2.0 toric formula yielded the best accuracy (61.2%) within ±0.50 D, followed by the Barrett EPCA (58.8%), Hoffer QST (58.8%), Barrett measured posterior corneal astigmatism (51.8%), and Kane toric (51.8%) formulas. However, the percentages of PEs 0.50 D or less and 0.75 D or less with all of the toric calculators did not differ significantly (
P
> .05). The Hoffer QST displayed the least mean absolute PEs in the groups with different astigmatism types, as well as in the groups with medium and long axial length and medium keratometry.

Conclusions
The newly introduced ESCRS online toric calculator is a useful tool that yielded consistent results in this study. The EVO 2.0 and Hoffer QST toric formulas showed better performance, although the improved accuracy is likely to have minimal clinical importance.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(2):e120–e130.]
La dot gasconne d’Aliénor d’Angleterre. Entre royaume de Castille, royaume de France et royaume d’Angleterre
Authors: Cerda José Manuel 
Published: February 2025

Aliénor, l’une des trois filles d’Henri II d’Angleterre, épousa Alphonse VIII, roi de Castille ; selon les chroniqueurs castillans et la documentation diplomatique du xiiie siècle, la dot aurait été constituée de la Gascogne, un comté qu’Alphonse VIII réclama en 1204 et auquel Alphonse X renonça en 1254. En l’absence d’archives anglaises datant du xiie siècle attestant cette improbable donation du roi d’Angleterre, les historiens ont adopté concernant cette question plutôt mystérieuse des positions variées. Laissant de côté le débat sur la réalité de la dot, le présent article prétend davantage souligner l’influence nouvelle qu’eut le nouveau royaume d’Aliénor sur les affaires européennes. Que la Gascogne fut ou non offerte par Henri pour constituer la dot de sa fille, les revendications des Castillans au xiiie siècle montrent que le mariage entre Alphonse et Aliénor eut des conséquences considérables.
Les Maccabées, modèles des guerriers chrétiens des origines au xiie siècle
Authors: Gouguenheim Sylvain 
Published: February 2025

Cet article veut montrer combien l’usage des deux Livres des Maccabées et de la figure de leurs héros fut répandu dans le christianisme latin, des premiers siècles de notre ère à l’époque des croisades. Cet héritage, cette filiation ont été rendus possibles par la longue tradition qui s’empara des Maccabées. L’Église tardo-antique y voyait une anticipation des croyances chrétiennes. Modèles à imiter, les Maccabées devinrent le prototype des martyrs chrétiens, puis l’incarnation de l’idéal du combattant de la foi, du miles Christi qui, par la prédication ou la guerre réelle, se battait au service du Christ. Persécutés pour leur foi, les Maccabées ont mérité, selon saint Bernard, d’accéder aux cieux. Dès le xe siècle, des chroniqueurs tracèrent le parallèle entre les luttes menées par les Maccabées et celles des troupes ottoniennes aux prises avec les Hongrois, faisant de leur exemple un encouragement à combattre même en nette infériorité numérique. Ainsi le martyr n’était plus uniquement une victime passive : un guerrier pouvait mériter cette appellation. La lecture des chroniqueurs de la première croisade et l’examen de sources iconographiques concordent : en se battant en Terre sainte, dans les lieux mêmes où s’étaient déroulées les guerres des Maccabées, les Croisés se sentaient aidés par eux, revivant leur épopée tout en la parachevant. Avec l’aide de Dieu, dépêchant à leur secours des armées célestes, les membres des ordres militaires, « Nouveaux Maccabées », répliquaient l’aventure biblique et la menaient à son terme, accomplissant ainsi l’Histoire du salut.
Le tympan roman de « la prophétie d’Apollon » (Liège, musée Grand Curtius). Antiquité et christianisme
Authors: Tassignon Isabelle , Van Den Bossche Benoît 
Published: February 2025

Le tympan roman de la « prophétie d’Apollon » (musée Grand Curtius, Liège, Belgique) doit son nom à l’une de ses inscriptions, MYSTICUM APOLLINIS. Cette œuvre relève de la production rhéno-mosane du dernier quart du xiie siècle. Trois personnifications en relief, identifiées par leurs noms comme étant Labor, Honor et Sollicitudo, forment une scène. Plusieurs inscriptions la commentent. Ces trois personnifications évoquent les fondamentaux du stoïcisme antique dans une composition qui prône le renoncement aux honneurs. Les autres inscriptions sont riches en références littéraires tirées tantôt de la Bible, tantôt des auteurs antiques – Virgile, Horace et Ovide. Quant à l’inscription éponyme, elle commente probablement une scène placée sous elle, aujourd’hui disparue. Apollon est ici le dieu oraculaire de l’Antiquité à qui les Pères de l’Église font annoncer la chute des dieux païens et le triomphe du christianisme. Mysticum signifierait alors « prophétie » : c’est donc un Apollon « prophète chrétien » qui serait ici évoqué. Par les messages qu’il délivre – la morale du renoncement et l’annonce du triomphe du Christ –, et la manière dont il le fait, le tympan liégeois témoigne de la volonté d’intégration de la tradition antique au christianisme.