bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Targets of 5‐HT1D Receptor Immunoreactive Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons
Authors: Ivanusic Jason J. , Kwok Matthew M.K. , Jennings Ernest A. 
Published: March 2011

(Headache 2011;51:744‐751)Objective.— The aim of the current study was to determine the proportion of trigeminal primary afferent neurons that innervate the intracranial vasculature, and other craniofacial tissues, that are also 5 hydroxy triptamine (5‐HT)1D receptor immunoreactive.Methods.— Retrograde tracing and immunohistochemistry was used to identify 5‐HT1D receptor labeled trigeminal primary afferent neurons that innervate the lacrimal gland (n = 3 animals), nasal mucosa (n = 3 animals), and the intracranial vasculature (middle meningeal artery in the dura [n = 3 animals] and middle cerebral artery [n = 3 animals]).Results.— The percentage of neurons that were 5‐HT1D receptor immunoreactive was greater for primary afferent neurons innervating the middle meningeal artery (41.8 ± 1%) than those innervating the middle cerebral artery (28.4 ± 0.8%), nasal mucosa (25.6 ± 1%), or lacrimal gland (23.5 ± 3%). For each retrograde labeled population, the 5‐HT1D receptor immunoreactive cells were among the smallest of the retrograde labeled cells.Conclusions.— These findings provide a basis for understanding the role of 5‐HT1D receptor agonists (eg, triptans) in the treatment of primary vascular headaches and suggest that the selectivity of triptans in the treatment of these headaches does not appear to result from specific localization of the 5‐HT1D receptor to trigeminovascular neurons alone.
Neocortical thinning in “benign” mesial temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Labate Angelo , Cerasa Antonio , Aguglia Umberto , Mumoli Laura , Quattrone Aldo , Gambardella Antonio 
Published: March 2011

SummaryPurpose:  In refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) extrahippocampal and neocortical abnormalities have been described in patients with or without mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS). Recently we observed gray matter reductions in regions outside the hippocampus in benign MTLE with or without MTS. Cortical thickness has been proposed as a viable methodologic alternative for assessment of neuropathologic changes in extratemporal regions. Herein, we aimed to use this technique to describe cortical abnormalities in patients with benign TLE.Methods:  Whole‐brain cortical thickness analysis (FreeSurfer) was performed in 32 unrelated patients with benign TLE [16 patients with signs of MTS on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pMTLE; 16 without, nMTLE] and 44 healthy controls.Key Findings:  In the pMTLE group, the most significant thinning was found in the sensorimotor cortex bilaterally but was more extensive in the left hemisphere (false discovery rate, p < 0.05). Other areas were localized in the occipital cortex, left supramarginal gyrus, left superior parietal gyrus, left paracentral sulcus, left inferior/middle/superior frontal gyrus, left inferior frontal sulcus, right cingulate cortex, right superior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, and cuneus/precuneus. In the nMTLE, a similar neurodegenerative pattern was detected, although not surviving correction for multiple comparisons. Direct comparison between pMTLE and nMTLE did not reveal significant changes.Significance:  Patients with either benign pMTLE or nMTLE showed comparable cortical thinning, mainly confined to the sensorimotor cortex. This finding that is not appreciated on routine MRI supports the hypothesis that similar to refractory MTLE, even in benign MTLE, pathology in neocortical regions maybe implicated in the pathophysiology of this syndrome.
A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of an Adapted U.S. Model of Pharmaceutical Care for Nursing Home Residents in Northern Ireland (Fleetwood Northern Ireland Study): A Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Patterson Susan M. , Hughes Carmel M. , Cardwell Chris , Lapane Kate L. , Murray Ashley M. , Crealey Grainne E. 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the cost‐effectiveness of an adapted U.S. model of pharmaceutical care to improve psychoactive prescribing for nursing home residents in Northern Ireland (Fleetwood NI Study).DESIGN:Economic evaluation alongside a cluster randomized controlled trial.SETTING:Nursing homes in NI randomized to intervention (receipt of the adapted model of care; n=11) or control (usual care continued; n=11).PARTICIPANTS:Residents aged 65 and older who provided informed consent (N=253; 128 intervention, 125 control) and who had full resource use data at 12 months.INTERVENTION:Trained pharmacists reviewed intervention home residents' clinical and prescribing information for 12 months, applied an algorithm that guided them in assessing the appropriateness of psychoactive medication, and worked with prescribers (general practitioners) to make changes. The control homes received usual care in which there was no pharmacist intervention.MEASUREMENTS:The proportion of residents prescribed one or more inappropriate psychoactive medications (according to standardized protocols), costs, and a cost‐effectiveness acceptability curve. The latter two outcomes are the focus for this article.RESULTS:The proportions of residents receiving inappropriate psychoactive medication at 12 months in the intervention and control group were 19.5% and 50.4%, respectively. The mean cost of healthcare resources used per resident per year was $4,923 (95% confidence interval (CI)=$4,206–5,640) for the intervention group and $5,053 (95% CI=$4,328–5,779) for the control group. The probability of the intervention being cost‐effective was high, even at low levels of willingness to pay to avoid a resident receiving inappropriately prescribed psychoactive medication.CONCLUSION:The Fleetwood NI model of care was more cost‐effective than usual care.
Water Adherence Factors for Human Skin
Authors: Gujral Jaspreet S. , Proctor Deborah M. , Su Steave H. , Fedoruk Joseph M. 
Published: March 2011

On incidental dermal exposure to chemicals in water, a key exposure factor is the amount of water adhering to skin. Although soil adherence factors have been developed for risk assessment, measurements of water adherence on human skin have not been described. In the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) dermal risk assessment guidance, dermal dose from environmental exposures is based upon the flux rate across the skin, which assumes that an unlimited amount of chemical is available for absorption. This assumption is applicable to certain exposure scenarios such as swimming and bathing. However, exposures to contaminated water frequently involve scenarios where the available chemical is limited by the amount of water adhering to the skin, for example, during accidental splashes.We conducted studies in human volunteers to investigate water adherence per unit area of skin after brief contact with water. In two sets of experiments, either water was applied with a micropipette to 10‐cm2 areas of the lower leg, foot, and hand, or the foot and hand were briefly immersed in water. In males, using a micropipette, water adherence ranged from 1.93 (foot) to 7.13 μL/cm2 (lower leg). In females, it ranged from 1.10 (lower leg) to 4.83 μL/cm2 (hand). Hand and foot immersion resulted in relatively higher values of 6.89 and 5.17 μL/cm2, respectively, in males, and 5.40 and 6.39 μL/cm2 in females. Water adherence was affected by amount of body hair and type of exposure.Water adherence factors can be used to calculate the applied dose per unit area for exposures involving intermittent water contact.
Prevalence of Preexcitation in a Young Population of Male Swiss Conscripts
Authors: KOBZA RICHARD , TOGGWEILER STEFAN , DILLIER ROGER , ABÄCHERLI ROGER , CUCULI FLORIM , FREY FRANZ , JAKOB SCHMID JOHANN , ERNE PAUL 
Published: March 2011

Background: Sudden cardiac death can be the first clinical presentation of asymptomatic ventricular preexcitation. Recent data about prevalence of preexcitation in the electrocardiograms (ECG) of the general population are scarce.
Objective: The aim of the present study was to analyze the prevalence of preexcitation in a contemporary population of young conscripts.
Methods: We reanalyzed all consecutive ECGs of Swiss citizens who underwent conscription for the army between March 1, 2004, and July 31,2006. All ECGs with the diagnosis preexcitation were included in the present study.
Results: We analyzed ECGs of 41,699 male conscripts. Mean age was 19.2 ± 1.1 years. Preexcitation was found in 53 individuals. The length of the delta wave was 46 ± 10 ms. The most frequent localization of the accessory pathway was the left free wall.
Conclusion: The prevalence of preexcitation in young, predominantly male conscripts is 0.13%. This is comparable with previous findings in children. (PACE 2011; 34:949–953)
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Electrogram Adjudication for Device Registries: Methodology and Observations from ALTITUDE
Authors: POWELL BRIAN D. , CHA YONG‐MEI , ASIRVATHAM SAMUEL J. , CESARIO DAVID A. , CAO MICHAEL , JONES PAUL W. , SETH MILAN , SAXON LESLIE A. , GILLIAM III F. ROOSEVELT 
Published: March 2011

Background: The increasing use of remote monitoring with the associated large retrievable databases provides a unique opportunity to analyze observations on implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) therapies. Adjudication of a large number of stored ICD electrograms (EGMs) presents a unique challenge. The ALTITUDE study group was designed to use the LATITUDE remote monitoring system to evaluate ICD patient outcomes across the United States.
Methods and Results: Of 81,081 patients on remote monitoring, a random sample of 2,000 patients having 5,279 shock episodes was selected. The ALTITUDE EGM review committee was comprised of seven electrophysiologists from four institutions. An online EGM adjudication system was designed. Episodes were classified as appropriate (70% of shock episodes) or inappropriate ICD therapies (30%). Light's Kappa was used to assess agreement. Interobserver and intraobserver Kappa scores for dual‐chamber ICDs were 0.84 (0.71–0.91) and 0.89 (0.82–0.95), consistent with substantial agreement. Interobserver and intraobserver Kappa scores for single‐chamber ICDs were 0.61 (0.54–0.67) and 0.69 (0.59–0.79). The rhythm categories of “nonsustained arrhythmia” and “polymorphic and monomorphic ventricular tachycardia” resulted in the greatest degree of discordant adjudication between reviewers.
Conclusions: This method of adjudication of a large volume of stored EGM data prior to device therapies will allow new observations in regards to device performance and has the potential to improve device programming and design. There was substantial interreviewer agreement for rhythm classification. Agreement was greater for dual‐chamber compared to single‐chamber devices, indicating the atrial lead adds diagnostic value in rhythm interpretation. (PACE 2011; 34:1003–1012)
Perceived Community Cohesion and the Stress Process in Youth
Authors: Van Gundy Karen T. , Stracuzzi Nena F. , Rebellon Cesar J. , Tucker Corinna Jenkins , Cohn Ellen S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractUsing survey data from two youth samples, one rural and one urban, we examine the role and significance of perceived community cohesion in the stress process. In particular, we assess the extent to which community attachment and detachment are related to depressed mood, problem substance use, and delinquency net of social statuses, stress exposure, and personal attributes. In addition, we explore the degree to which those dimensions of community cohesion explain or condition the links between the above stress‐process components (e.g., social statuses, stress exposure, and personal attributes) and well‐being. We find remarkably similar results across samples: community attachment is related to lower odds of problem substance use and delinquency; community detachment is related to higher levels of depressed mood, problem substance use, and delinquency; and community attachment buffers the link between stress and problem substance use. With respect to depressed mood, however, the rural youth show greater vulnerability to stress than the urban youth and unique benefits from community attachment compared to the latter. Our findings highlight the roles of community attachment and detachment in the stress process and underscore the importance of each for youth well‐being in rural and urban settings.
Severe immune haemolytic anaemia due to ceftriaxone in a patient with congenital nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Reis Boto Maria Leonor , Sandes Ana Rita , Brites Anabela , Silva Susana , Stone Rosário , Almeida Margarida 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAim:  To describe the first case of ceftriaxone‐related haemolysis in a patient with congenital nephrotic syndrome (CNS).Background:  Severe haemolysis caused by an immune reaction to ceftriaxone has mostly been described in patients with underlying haematological or immune dysfunction.Case report:  The authors present a 20‐month‐old boy with CNS of the Finnish type with several previous severe infections treated with ceftriaxone, admitted for suspected sepsis. Following ceftriaxone administration he developed shock secondary to an acute haemolytic reaction, with severe anaemia. Hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone was documented through positive agglutination tests.Conclusion:  Onset of haemolysis following ceftriaxone administration, particularly in a patient previously exposed to the drug, must raise the suspicion of a possible immune reaction.
Clinical Evaluation of Split‐Crest Technique with Ultrasonic Bone Surgery for Narrow Ridge Expansion: Status of Soft and Hard Tissues and Implant Success
Authors: Anitua Eduardo , Begoña Leire , Orive Gorka 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the split‐crest technique with ultrasonic bone surgery for implant placement in patients with narrow ridges, focusing on the status of soft and hard tissues and on implant success rate, at least 6 months after implant loading.Materials and Methods: During September 2007 and November 2008, 15 patients received 37 implants (BTI implants) with split‐crest surgical procedure using ultrasonic bone surgery. Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF®) was applied during split crest procedure to promote tissue regeneration. Implant surfaces were humidified with PRGF to accelerate osseointegration. Patients were recalled for a final clinical evaluation at least 6 months after implant loading. Clinical assessment included the status of soft and hard tissues around implants, and implants' success rate.Results: Thirty‐seven implants in 15 patients were evaluated between July 2009 and January 2010. The status of soft tissues was very good, showing adequate plaque index, bleeding index, and probing depth values. Success rate of implants at the end of follow‐up (between 11 and 28 months after insertion) was 100%. Bone ridge was measured and compared at final examination showing a mean ridge expansion of 3.35 mm (SD: 0.34).Conclusions: Split‐crest with ultrasonic bone surgery can be considered an effective and safe procedure for narrow ridge expansion.
Effect of Autologous Growth Factors in Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Del Fabbro Massimo , Bortolin Monica , Taschieri Silvio , Weinstein Roberto L. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTPurpose: The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the effect of autogenous platelet concentrates on the clinical and histomorphometric outcomes of maxillary sinus augmentation.Materials and Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched using a combination of specific search terms. Furthermore, a hand searching of the relevant journals and of the bibliographies of reviews was performed. Prospective comparative clinical studies were included. Implant survival and histomorphometric outcomes were evaluated.Results: Twelve studies were included. Four hundred forty‐five sinus floor augmentation procedures were considered. No difference in implant survival was reported between test and control groups. Six studies reported a beneficial effect of platelet concentrates based on histomorphometric outcomes, while another six studies found no significant effect. A large heterogeneity was found regarding study design, surgical techniques, graft materials, clinical and histomorphometric outcome variables, and methods for preparing platelet concentrates. Favorable effects on soft tissue healing and postoperative discomfort reduction were often reported but not quantified.Conclusions: A clear advantage of platelet concentrates could not be evidenced. Standardization in the experimental design is needed in order to detect the true effect of platelet concentrates in maxillary sinus augmentation procedure, especially regarding postoperative quality of life.
Implants Inserted with Low Insertion Torque Values for Intraoral Welded Full‐Arch Prosthesis: 1‐Year Follow‐Up
Authors: Degidi Marco , Daprile Giuseppe , Piattelli Adriano 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the osteointegration and crestal bone remodeling after 1 year around implants for intraoral welded immediate full‐arch prosthesis inserted with low insertion torque (IT) values.Material and Methods: The study was conducted from June 2008 to September 2010. Patients were eligible for the study if they needed an immediate intraoral welded implant‐supported full‐arch fixed prosthesis and received three or more implants with an IT ≤20 Ncm and two or more implants with IT ≥25 and ≤50. For each implant, peak IT was recorded during insertion surgery; periapical x‐rays were taken at the time of surgery and again after 12 months. Finally, it was recorded whether an implant was lost or removed (within 12 months from insertion surgery).Results: Thirteen patients were included in the study; the prosthesis presented the following number of implants: nine with six implants and four with seven implants. A totand al of 82 implants were inserted: 51 implants presented an IT ≤20 Ncm (test group), 31 implants presented an IT ≥25 and ≤50 Ncm (control group). Each prosthesis presented at least three test implants and two control implants. The survival rate after 1 year was 98% for the test and 100% for the control group. The mean distance between the fixture‐abutment junction and the bone crest was 0.1 ± 0.8 mm for test and 0.2 ± 0.5 mm for control group at implant insertion. After 12 months, it was 0.7 ± 0.9 mm for test group and 0.8 ± 0.6 mm for control group. The differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the results suggested that rigid framework splinting can be a viable technique to improve success rate of implants with low primary stability using immediate loading protocols for full‐arch prosthesis.
On the alignment of debris discs and their host stars' rotation axis — implications for spin-orbit misalignment in exoplanetary systems
Authors: Watson C. A. , Littlefair S. P. , Diamond C. , Cameron A. Collier , Fitzsimmons A. , Simpson E. , Moulds V. , Pollacco D. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
It has been widely thought that measuring the misalignment angle between the orbital plane of a transiting exoplanet and the spin of its host star was a good discriminator between different migration processes for hot-Jupiters. Specifically, well-aligned hot-Jupiter systems (as measured by the Rossiter–McLaughlin effect) were thought to have formed via migration through interaction with a viscous disc, while misaligned systems were thought to have undergone a more violent dynamical history. These conclusions were based on the assumption that the planet-forming disc was well-aligned with the host star. Recent work by a number of authors has challenged this assumption by proposing mechanisms that act to drive the star–disc interaction out of alignment during the pre-main-sequence phase. We have estimated the stellar rotation axis of a sample of stars which host spatially resolved debris discs. Comparison of our derived stellar rotation axis inclination angles with the geometrically measured debris–disc inclinations shows no evidence for a misalignment between the two.
Diagnosing timing error in WMAP data
Authors: Liu Hao , Xiong Shao-Lin , Li Ti-Pei 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The Doppler dipole signal dominates the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy maps obtained by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) mission, and plays a key role throughout the data processing. Previously, we discovered a timing asynchronism of −25.6ms between the timestamps of the spacecraft attitude and radiometer output in the original raw WMAP time-ordered data (TOD), which, if not corrected during data processing, would generate an artificial quadrupole component (l= 2) in recovered CMB maps (Liu, Xiong & Li 2010). Recently, Roukema (2010b) proves that there does exist a timing offset-induced error corresponding to about −25.6ms in the WMAP calibrated TOD, by studying the fluctuation variance per pixel in the temperature map recovered from the TOD as a function of assumed timing offset. Here, we find evidence directly in the WMAP TOD for such an uncorrected timing error, which possibly occurred in calculating the Doppler dipole signal during the WMAP team's TOD data processing. The amplitude is highly significant and is consistent with previous work. We also show that the uncorrected timing offset can lead the WMAP CMB quadrupole to be substantially overestimated.
Is Distance to Provider a Barrier to Care for Medicaid Patients With Breast, Colorectal, or Lung Cancer?
Authors: Scoggins John F. , Fedorenko Catherine R. , Donahue Sara M. A. , Buchwald Dedra , Blough David K. , Ramsey Scott D. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPurpose: Distance to provider might be an important barrier to timely diagnosis and treatment for cancer patients who qualify for Medicaid coverage. Whether driving time or driving distance is a better indicator of travel burden is also of interest.Methods: Driving distances and times from patient residence to primary care provider were calculated for 3,917 breast, colorectal (CRC) and lung cancer Medicaid patients in Washington State from 1997 to 2003 using MapQuest.com. We fitted regression models of stage at diagnosis and time‐to‐treatment (number of days between diagnosis and surgery) to test the hypothesis that travel burden is associated with timely diagnosis and treatment of cancer.Findings: Later stage at diagnosis for breast cancer Medicaid patients is associated with travel burden (OR = 1.488 per 100 driving miles, P= .037 and OR = 1.270 per driving hour, P= .016). Time‐to‐treatment after diagnosis of CRC is also associated with travel burden (14.57 days per 100 driving miles, P= .002 and 5.86 days per driving hour, P= .018).Conclusions: Although travel burden is associated with timely diagnosis and treatment for some types of cancer, we did not find evidence that driving time was, in general, better at predicting timeliness of cancer diagnosis and treatment than driving distance. More intensive efforts at early detection of breast cancer and early treatment of CRC for Medicaid patients who live in remote areas may be needed.