bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and magnetic properties of nanostructured GdTb thin films
Authors: Svalov A. V. , Vas'kovskiy V. O. , Barandiarán J. M. , Balymov K. G. , Orue I. , Kurlyandskaya G. V. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractVarious series of Gd100−xTbx films and multilayers with a different thickness of rare earth (RE) layers were prepared by rf‐sputtering. The increase of Gd content leads to an increase of the magnetic ordering temperature (Tord). At the same time substitution of the low anisotropic gadolinium by high anisotropic terbium causes an increase of the coercivity of the samples. The decrease of the RE layer thickness (LRE) results in the change of the RE films structure: the crystalline grain size goes down and for LRE < 3 nm an amorphous phase appears. For LRE < 5 nm all compositions show a significant decrease of the ordering temperature. In contrast with bulk Gd100−xTbx alloys, in case of thin films, the value of Tord can be tailored, not only by the change of the composition, but also by the variation of the thickness of Gd100−xTbx films.
Secondary relaxations of orientationally disordered mixed crystals at temperatures lower than the glass transition temperature
Authors: Martinez‐Garcia J. C. , Tamarit J. Ll. , Pardo L. C. , Barrio M. , Rzoska S. J. , Drozd‐Rzoska A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractLow‐molecular weight cyclic alcohols as cycloheptanol (C7H14O, hereinafter referred to as cC7‐ol) and cyclooctanol (C8H16O, cC8‐ol) are prototypical materials displaying OD phases which, under fast cooling give rise to orientational glasses (OG). In addition to the ubiquitous α‐relaxation of canonical glasses, several secondary relaxations appear for the mentioned systems (β and γ for cC8‐ol and β for cC7‐ol). The intramolecular character of these secondary relaxations for these materials as well as their mixed crystals was highlighted at temperatures close but above the glass transition. For lower temperatures the low values of dielectric strength makes difficult to account for the relaxation times obtained from the permittivity losses and, thus in this work we present a data analysis based on the Kramers–Kronig relations which connect the real and imaginary parts of dielectric permittivity and shows up a new method to make evident the existence of such secondary relaxations as well as to avoid phenomenological equations for determining the relaxation time.
Off‐diagonal magnetoimpedance effect in field quenched Co69Fe4Si15B12 amorphous ribbons
Authors: Sánchez T. , Vega V. , Santos J. D. , Pérez M. J. , Prida V. M. , Sánchez M. L. , Escoda Ll. , Suñol J. J. , Hernando B. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn this work, the off‐diagonal magnetoimpedance (MI) effect in two types of Co69Fe4Si15B12 amorphous ribbons was measured. One type of ribbons was obtained by means of the conventional melt spinning technique. The other type of ribbons was obtained by the same procedure but with an applied transverse bias magnetic field, in order to induce a transverse anisotropy across the ribbon plane. According to our results, this field quenching procedure induces a small and homogeneously distributed anisotropy that improves the off‐diagonal impedance response in all the frequency range here measured. In the as‐quenched ribbon without field, slightly asymmetric two‐peak behaviour of the field depending off‐diagonal impedance at a frequency higher than its corresponding relaxation frequency has been observed. This can be related to the coupling among ribbon layers with different magnitude and/or orientation of the anisotropy induced by the developed stresses during the fabrication process.
Structure of rapidly quenched Ga‐free Heusler alloys
Authors: Suñol J. J. , Escoda L. , Hernando B. , Rosa W. O. , Sánchez T. , Santos J. D. , Prida V. M. , Shavrov V. G. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe development of magnetic shape memory alloys in ribbon form is a new field with interesting thermo‐elastic and thermo‐magnetic properties. In this work, two Ga‐free Heusler alloys were obtained. It is found that is possible to obtain these materials with an austenite structure or with a martensite structure at room temperature. The lattice parameters are a = 0.5985(4) nm for the cubic L21 austenite and a = 1.2604(5) nm, b = 0.4925(2) nm and c = 0.4775(9) nm for the orthorhombic martensite. Furthermore, the microstructure followed by scanning electron microscopy confirms the coexistence of equiaxial and columnar grains with an inhomogeneous distribution. The composition of each alloy is homogeneous. The control of different parameters, as the composition and the processing conditions can be a good option in order to obtain a material with the crystalline structure and the microstructure desired at room or near room temperature. This fact, can favours the applicability of this materials.
AlGaN/GaN FET for DNA hybridization detection
Authors: Wang Yuji , Lu Wu 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe present the application of AlGaN/GaN field effect transistor (FET) for detection of biomolecular interactions, demonstrated by a DNA hybridization process. We immobilized a monolayer of single strand probe DNAs on the active gate surface of an AlGaN/GaN FET device and monitored the drain current during the affinity binding process with the presence of both matched and mismatched DNA molecules. The immobilization quality was first studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and fluorescence images. We then observed from the time‐resolved electrical measurement that significant and specific signals were solely upon the hybridization between the probe DNAs and the matched DNAs. The IDS–VDS characteristics of devices before and after hybridization were compared with a notable shift indicating the binding of DNA molecules.
Effects of high‐pressure H2O‐annealing on amorphous IGZO thin‐film transistors
Authors: Shin Hyun Soo , Rim You Seung , Mo Yeon‐Gon , Choi Chaun Gi , Kim Hyun Jae 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe effects of high‐pressure annealing were investigated using amorphous InGaZnO (a‐IGZO) thin‐film transistors (TFTs). The fabricated device annealed at 5 atm in H2O ambient showed the best electrical characteristics and stability under positive bias temperature stress (PBTS). This was attributed to mainly a reduction in the band bending at the overlap between the source–drain (S/D) electrodes and the etch stop layer (ESL). This is originated from the recovery of charge‐trapping sites at in‐ and bottom‐ESLs due to defect passivation with the aid of high‐pressure thermal annealing at 5 atm in H2O ambient.
Optical properties of ferromagnetic ytterbium‐doped III‐nitride epilayers
Authors: Jadwisienczak W. , Palai R. , Wang J. , Tanaka H. , Wu J. , Rivera A. , Huhtinen H. , Anders A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe have studied the optical and magnetic properties of ytterbium (Yb) implanted GaN epilayers grown on (0001) sapphire by different epitaxial growth methods. Samples were implanted at room temperature with Yb ions and subsequently thermally annealed at 1000 °C in N2 at atmospheric pressure. The characteristic Yb3+ ion photoluminescence (PL) spectra were observed in the spectral range between 970 nm and 1050 nm. Analysis of the PL temperature quenching and PL kinetics suggest that Yb3+ ions are involved in at least two major luminescence centers. The magnetizations versus magnetic field curves show an enhancement of magnetic order for Yb‐implanted GaN epilayer containing intrinsic impurities and structural defects. The hysteretic behavior with a weak coercivity is enhanced when the magnetic field is out‐of‐plane indicating magnetic anisotropy of the Yb‐implanted GaN epilayers (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High‐low temperature performance of GaN 600 V Schottky rectifiers
Authors: Naik Harsh , Marron Tom , Chow T. Paul 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe performance of a 600 V gallium nitride Schottky rectifier at high temperatures up to 125 °C and cryogenic operation has been reported. A 600 V, 4 A GaN Schottky rectifier from Velox semiconductors has been used for the characterization. Forward conduction and reverse blocking performance was measured down to 77 K. Two Schottky barrier heights have been noticed at low temperatures and a tunnelling limited reverse leakage current was observed. The SPICE model parameters are also extracted for circuit simulation purposes (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optimization of initial MOVPE growth of non‐polar m‐ and a‐plane GaN on Na flux grown LPE‐GaN substrates
Authors: Isobe Yasuhiro , Iida Daisuke , Sakakibara Tatsuyuki , Iwaya Motoaki , Takeuchi Tetsuya , Kamiyama Satoshi , Akasaki Isamu , Amano Hiroshi , Imade Mamoru , Kitaoka Yasuo , Mori Yusuke 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe optimized the initial GaN growths of nonpolar m‐ and a‐plane GaN grown on liquid phase epitaxy (LPE‐) GaN substrates. Such nonpolar LPE‐GaN substrates were produced by cutting slices from c‐plane LPE‐GaN bulk single crystals grown by the Na‐flux method. We investigated the qualities of epitaxially grown GaN layers on the LPE‐GaN substrates, with different polishing methods, which are chemical mechanical polishing and plasma dry etch polishing. We found that the crystalline quality of epitaxial GaN on m‐plane GaN is very sensitive to the surface polishing even the minute unevenness in GaN substrate. Our experiments also indicated that a low initial growth rate was necessary to obtain high‐crystalline‐quality epitaxial m‐plane GaN. In contrast, high‐crystalline‐quality a‐plane GaN was obtained even with a high initial growth rate, indicating that the crystalline quality of a‐plane GaN is not sensitive to surface roughness. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Fabrication of periodically poled AlN with sub‐micron periods
Authors: Wright Jonathan , Moe Craig , Sampath Anand V. , Garrett Gregory A. , Wraback Michael 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report on the fabrication of periodically poled AlN structures using inductive coupled plasma (ICP) etching and plasma‐assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PAMBE). Periodically poled AlN structures are fabricated by first depositing Al polar material on c‐plane sapphire substrates and then inverting the polarity through Mg overdoping. Subsequently, a grating with periods between 250 and 750 nm is defined by e‐beam lithography and etched into the film by inductive coupled plasma etching to expose stripes of Al‐polar material. ICP etching was optimized to produce vertical sidewalls and smooth Al‐polar regions. Finally, the patterned substrate is regrown by PAMBE to realize a periodically poled AlN structure. The sharpness of the interface between the Al and N polar regions is found to be dependent upon ICP etch conditions and III‐V flux during regrowth. Under III‐rich conditions, the alignment of the grating with crystallographic orientation has an important role in the final surface morphology. While lower III‐V flux ratios prevent faceting, regrowth of Al‐polar material is inhibited near the sidewalls of trenches with high aspect ratios. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Improvements in the compositional uniformity of In‐rich InxGa1‐xN films grown at low temperatures by ENABLE
Authors: Williamson Todd L. , Salazar Alicia L. , Williams Joshua J. , Hoffbauer Mark A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractInGaN films have been grown over an In‐rich composition range using a novel growth technique utilizing energetic N‐atoms as the active growth species. A series of In‐rich InGaN films grown over a wide range of substrate temperatures show how the film properties improve as the growth temperature is lowered. Under optimized conditions, In‐rich InGaN films showing excellent compositional uniformity, a high degree of crystallinity, bright band edge photoluminescence, and smooth surface morphologies spanning a wide range of In compositions can be obtained. The results emphasize the importance of energetic N atoms and lower substrate temperatures for overcoming difficulties associated with growing high‐quality In‐rich InxGa1–xN thin film materials (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Inhibitory Effects of Costunolide Isolated from Laurus nobilis on IgE‐induced Degranulation of Mast Cell‐like RBL‐2H3 Cells and the Growth of Y16 pro‐B Cells
Authors: Kim Tae Joon , Nam Kung‐Woo , Kim Bora , Lee Sung‐Jin , Oh Ki‐Bong , Kim Kyeong Ho , Mar Woongchon , Shin Jongheon 
Published: June 2011

This study investigated the inhibitory effects of costunolide isolated from the leaves of Laurus nobilis L. (Lauraceae) on basophil‐mediated allergic reactions and interleukin (IL)‐5‐mediated B cell growth. The effects of costunolide on β‐hexosaminidase (a key parameter of degranulation) release and IL‐4 expression in rat basophilic leukemia (RBL‐2H3) cells were determined by measuring β‐hexosaminidase activity and by semi‐quantitative RT‐PCR, respectively. The effects of costunolide on Y16 pro‐B cell viability and growth were determined by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Costunolide was found significantly to inhibit β‐hexosaminidase activity (p < 0.01) and IL‐4 transcription in RBL‐2H3 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Its 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was 34 µm, while that of the positive control, ketotifen, was 24 µm (IL‐4 mRNA transcription). Moreover, costunolide dose‐dependently suppressed pro‐B cell growth in IL‐5‐stimulated Y16 cells.These results provide evidence that costunolide stabilizes mast cells by inhibiting IgE‐mediated degranulation and inhibits IL‐5‐stimulated B cell growth. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the assimilation of IASI radiances in forecasting polar lows
Authors: Randriamampianina Roger , Iversen Trond , Storto Andrea 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe studied the use of IASI data to improve the forecasts of extreme weather events in the Arctic region. For this purpose, the HARMONIE/Norway regional model was used. A set of 366 IASI channels was initially chosen from the ECMWF archived database. Active channels showing the best fit with the analysis system were selected by applying a multi‐step monitoring technique. The IASI data were assimilated together with most of the available conventional and operational satellite observations using a three‐dimensional variational data assimilation system. Four experiments with cyclic assimilations and subsequent 48‐hour forecasts were performed during the IPY‐THORPEX campaign period to evaluate the impact of the IASI data and the campaign observations on the hydrostatic HARMONIE/Norway analyses and forecasts.The assessment of the degrees of freedom for signals on the analysis showed that incorporating the IASI data in the assimilation system improved the contribution of the other observations. The utilization of an energy norm‐based approach proved the sensitivity of the forecasts to the IASI channels in cases dominated by dynamic instabilities leading to quickly developing weather systems like, for example, polar lows.Comparison of the HARMONIE/Norway forecasts against independent observations and the ECMWF analyses showed a clear positive impact of the IASI data on geopotential fields in mid‐troposphere and in the troposphere in general, respectively. We found small but significant positive impact on the temperature and humidity in the lower troposphere.A case‐study showed positive impact of IASI radiances on the analysis and forecasts of a polar low. The impact on the forecasts lasted up to 24 hours when extra in situ campaign data were excluded from the analysis, and up to 36 hours when the campaign data were assimilated together with the IASI radiances. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Totally robotic right colectomy: a preliminary case series and an overview of the literature
Authors: Buchs Nicolas C. , Pugin François , Bucher Pascal , Morel Philippe 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundSince the introduction of robotics, relatively few series have been published evaluating its role for right colectomy. The aim of this study was to report our preliminary experience with totally robotic right colectomy (TRRC).MethodsBetween 2009 and 2010 we performed three TRRCs, using a hand‐sewn intracorporeal anastomosis. Data were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsTwo women and one man underwent a TRRC. Mean operative time was 270 min. Mean blood loss was 30 ml. There was no conversion. Mean number of lymph nodes harvested was 18. There were no complications. Median hospital stay was 10 days. After a median follow‐up of 10 months, there was no tumoural recurrence.ConclusionTRRC is not only safe and feasible but also oncologically effective. Although preliminary and small, this experience confirmed the results from previous series using a hand‐sewn intracorporeal anastomosis. Larger series are required to draw firm conclusions concerning the possible indications for TRRC. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vorindustrielle Eisenbauteile — Produktionstechnik und Materialeigenschaften
Authors: Junker Thomas , Holzer Stefan M. , Kröber Christoph , Gudladt Hans‐Joachim 
Published: June 2011

AbstractÜber die Eigenschaften von Eisenbaustoffen, die vor der Einführung des Puddelverfahrens produziert worden sind, liegen nur wenige Veröffentlichungen vor. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden zwei Probensätze aus charakteristischer Verwendung untersucht: Eine eiserne Gewölbesicherungen aus der ehemaligen Abteikirche Fürstenfeld (1727) und eine eiserne Gewindestange aus einer Reparatur des Dachwerks von Schloss Schleißheim (1819). Die Untersuchungsergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund der historischen Quellen zur Produktion eiserner Bauteile vor 1820 in Deutschland betrachtet, und Hinweise zur Interpretation zerstörungsfreier In‐Situ‐Untersuchungen derartiger Bauelemente auf Grundlage der Bestimmung der Vickershärte werden gegeben.Iron elements in pre‐industrial buildings — Production and material properties. Centuries before the erection of the earliest all‐iron structures, iron elements played a crucial role in many important constructions. Little data have been published on the properties of pre‐industrial iron as a building material. The present paper presents the results of an indepth analysis of two sets of specimens from typical pre‐industrial building uses of iron: iron ties from the vault of the baroque church at Fürstenfeld (1727) and iron bolts from an early 19th century rehabilitation of the roof of the palace at Schleißheim (1819). Rich historical source material is also available, so that the findings can be viewed from two different perspectives. We conclude with a tentative assessment of the non‐destructive Vickers hardness test in such cases.
Besonderheiten bei der Sanierung des Korrosionsschutzes älterer Stahlkonstruktionen
Authors: Gelhaar Andreas , Schneider Andreas 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDie Sanierung des Korrosionsschutzes von älteren Stahlkonstruktionen kann durch eine Instandsetzung oder Vollerneuerung erfolgen. Für den Fall einer vorgesehenen Instandsetzung kann eine Entscheidung dazu erst im Ergebnis einer detaillierten Zustandsüberprüfung am Objekt vorgenommen werden. Unabhängig von der gewählten Sanierungsvariante bestehen bei Altkonstruktionen spezielle Anforderungen an die Planung und Durchführung einer derartigen Maßnahme. Diese resultieren einerseits aus den konstruktiven Besonderheiten, wie sie beispielsweise bei Nietkonstruktionen vorhanden sind. Andererseits kann auch eine verstärkte korrosive Belastung der Konstruktion während der bisherigen Bauwerksnutzung die Durchführung von gesonderten Maßnahmen erforderlich machen. Ist eine Instandsetzung geplant, dann sollte das aufgestellte Sanierungskonzept erprobt und dazu Probeflächen am Objekt angelegt werden.Particular aspects in the renewal of corrosion protection on older steel structures. The renewal of corrosion protection on older steel structures may take the form of maintenance or complete renewal. A decision regarding this is only possible as a result of a detailed examination of the condition of the structure. Irrespective of the renewal variant chosen, old structures typically place special requirements on the planning and implementation of such measures. On the one hand these are the result of the construction peculiarities, such as those found in rivet construction. On the other hand, increased corrosive stress on the structure during its usage thus far may demand the implementation of separate measures. In the case of a planned implementation the renewal concept should be tested and test areas created on the structure. In the scope of the drafting of the bidding documents an exhaustive description of the work is to be undertaken, including a detailed description of the condition of the existing corrosion protection, to ensure that the bidder can conduct an orderly calculation of his work.
Network topology measures
Authors: Kincaid Rex K. , Phillips David J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNetworks have emerged as a unifying modeling tool across a diverse set of problem domains. Evolving methods for the analysis and design of networks must be able to address network performance in the face of increasing demands, contain and control local network disturbances, and efficiently determine network topologies that accurately represent the underlying process. Central to this effort is the identification of network‐invariant functions that measure relevant topological features such as connectivity and sparsity. Results concerning network topology measures and their relationship to global and local network structures are surveyed. WIREs Comp Stat 2011 3 557–565 DOI: 10.1002/wics.180This article is categorized under:

Data: Types and Structure > Graph and Network Data
Algorithms and Computational Methods > Integer Programming
Synthesis and Characterization of 3,3′‐Bis(Dinitromethyl)‐5,5′‐Azo‐1H‐1,2,4‐Triazole
Authors: Dippold Alexander A. , Klapötke Thomas M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of 3,3′‐bis(dinitromethyl)‐5,5′‐azo‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole (5) using the readily available starting material 2‐(5‐amino‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazol‐3‐yl)acetic acid (1) is described. All compounds were characterized by means of NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy. The energetic compound 5 was additionally characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and DSC measurements. The sensitivities towards impact, friction and electrical discharge were determined. In addition, detonation parameters (e.g. heat of explosion, detonation velocity) of the target compound were computed using the EXPLO5 code based on the calculated (CBS‐4M) heat of formation and X‐ray density.
Facile Separation and Crystal Structure Determination of C2‐C82(3) Fullerene
Authors: Ziegler Karolin , Amsharov Konstantin Yu , Halasz Ivan , Jansen Martin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA report of the facile separation of C2‐C82(3) fullerene is given, which has resulted in the isolation of isomerically pure C82(3) on a preparative scale, avoiding time consuming recycling procedures. By single‐crystal X‐ray analysis of C82(3)·Ni(OEP) (Nickel octaethylporphyrine) the first crystal structure containing pristine C82(3) has been revealed.