bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stakeholder management online: an empirical analysis of US and Swedish political party web sites
Authors: Opoku Robert A. , Williams Edem B. 
Published: August 2010

PurposeGiven the seeming lack of research on the influence of stakeholder activities on organisations such as political parties in the online environment, the purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate how political parties use their web sites to serve and manage their relationships with stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative paper, in which a cross‐national comparative analysis has been conducted on four illustrative cases. Personal interviews and web site observations were used as the main data collection methods. Three concurrent flows of activities, i.e. data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing, have been applied in the data analysis.FindingsThe paper indicate that the stakeholders served by political parties on the web sites studied can be grouped into two categories: internal and external. This paper also revealed that another very important internal stakeholder group overlooked by previous studies is that of core party members.Originality/valueThe paper provides insights and new interesting empirical material which may help to strengthen the theoretical understanding stakeholder management in cyber politics.
Islamic ethics: an exposition for resolving ICT ethical dilemmas
Authors: Abdallah Salam 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe paper aims to introduce the Islamic “legal system of Shari'ah laws and ethics” and its process of resolving ethical quandaries as applied in the field of information ethics (IE).Design/methodology/approachThe paper first introduces some of the intricacy of the Islamic Shari'ah laws and ethics and then to reason its applicability in the field of IE, a scenario is discussed to illustrate how Islamic legal maxims maybe implemented to arrive at a moral judgment.FindingsThe discussed scenario shows glimpses of the Shari'ah laws and reasoning processes of the Islamic ethical methodology for deriving moral judgment as used in the Muslim world to bring benefits and repel harms. The system respects both collective and individual's perspectives and can be conceived as being a synthesis between deontological, consequentialist and virtue ethics theories.Practical implicationsThe paper is sufficient to give the reader a feel for its potential to encourage further research in the area of resolving ethical issues, specifically for those who are calling for universal ethical theories to avoid moral imperialism.Originality/valueEthical researchers have gone back in history as far as Aristotle and Descartes to address ethical issues arising from the development and application of information and computer technologies. One area of ethics rarely touched by ethical theorists is the religious laws and ethics of Islam. The paper introduces Islam and its sources of knowledge, which are the foundation for a large set of legal maxims used to govern ethical decisions.
Design and development of cashew nut shelling machine
Authors: Ojolo S.J. , Damisa O. , Orisaleye J.I. , Ogbonnaya C. 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the physical and mechanical characteristics of the roasted cashew nut during fracture, by subjecting the nut to varying impact load tests at different orientations to ascertain the critical impact load that fractures the shell without damaging the kernel within. This load value was correlated with other parameters; shell/kernel moisture content level, average nut mass, to determine the required projection velocity to achieve this force. This projection velocity is the critical factor in sizing and design of the optimum configurations of the shelling impeller.Design/methodology/approachMechanical properties of roasted cashew nut were first determined to know their fracture points. Each component of the shelling machine was designed. The components were assembled and the machine was tested for performance.FindingsMachine throughput capacity was determined as 15.57 kg/h; shelling efficiency was 95 per cent; and whole kernel recovery was 70 per cent.Practical implicationsThe efficiency in terms of whole kernel recovery could be improved by improving the pretreatment measures on the nuts.Originality/valueThe paper presents a machine which is affordable to peasant farmers and requires little or no training for operation and maintenance. The advantage of reduced unit cost can be derived from large‐scale commercial production of this sheller.
Design of template to fabricate magnetic torquer coils for nano and picosatellite missions
Authors: Jayaram Sanjay 
Published: August 2010

PurposeRecent advances in nano and picosatellite missions and future such missions require three axis attitude control system hardware for attitude control purposes. A simple, cost effective, yet an efficient devise that is used for active attitude control is magnetic torquer coil. The purpose of this paper is to describe the design and fabrication of a template to manufacture magnetic torquer coils of varying sizes and shapes.Design/methodology/approachDetails about the development of the template design, analysis, and fabrication are discussed. The development status of the system is outlined and the working prototype of the device is described and some preliminary test results are given.FindingsA fully functional prototype of the template has been developed and testing has been conducted that demonstrated the effectiveness of the device. Magnetic torquer coils of varying sizes were fabricated and tested. A finite element analysis was performed by modeling the characteristics of the fabricated coils to determine thermally induced stresses and deformations during its space operations.Practical implicationsThe paper illustrates and demonstrates an effective application of torquer coil template in the satellite fabrication industry. The benefits from the approach are generally applicable to any future university and industry missions using picosatellite technology.Originality/valueThe designed template satisfied all the constraints and requirements. Furthermore, its advantages include scalability, modularity, and its capability to fabricate magnetic torquer coils of varying sizes and shapes.
Religious environmentalism as a vital contribution to sustainability
Authors: White Anne 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the spiritual and economic reasons behindHomo sapiens' misuse and destruction of the biotic web. Through the argument that we are a self‐seeking, opportunistic species that now acts out our domination of the planet without restraint, attention to given to the motivations for such actions. To counter the downward spiral of rampant exploitation, consumption and poverty, by presenting the religious environmental perspectives that can be used to stem the process of global environmental devastation.Design/methodology/approachThe methodologies utilized are ecosophical, ecofeminist, comparative religious discourse, and structural functionalist.FindingsThe issues are overwhelming without a strong moral, environmental foundation. The power to effect the practical, widespread changes necessary can be derived from the ancient concepts of the sacred, or the concept of inherent worth, within all life forms. These concepts can and do combat the exploitive materialism of our global economies and could change the way the “system” works.Practical implicationsThe paper identifies the root causes of our environmental dysfunction and presents the potential within the religious environmental perspectives. These perspectives can be used as a means to create a practicalmodus operandifor the practitioner of religion and the policy maker.Originality/valueThe paper presents the reality of environmental degradation and, through environmental spirituality, offers a valid alternative to the maximum trade growth and systemic global consumer mentality. Using ancient concepts, it establishes a viable avenue of dialogue between religious communities and business for the benefit of all.
Governance, entrepreneurship and effectiveness: exploring the link
Authors: Diochon Monica C. 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the role of the Board of Directors in encouraging entrepreneurship as a strategy for goal achievement among newly formed social purpose organizations.Design/methodology/approachIn the absence of empirical work on board behaviour, a qualitative case study approach is adopted whereby multiple data collection methods – including in‐depth interviews and non‐participant observation – are drawn upon in the investigation.FindingsOrganizations found to be most effective in achieving their goal(s) had a higher level of entrepreneurial intensity than less effective organizations. Three opposing themes emerged when comparing the social processes adopted by the Boards. In embracing social processes that fostered entrepreneurial behaviour. Boards assumed the role of change agent, with the leveraging of social capital being instrumental. Other social processes encouraged behaviour that was reactive and risk adverse in nature, serving to reinforce the fiduciary role those Board had assumed.Originality/valueA review of the extant literature indicates that this is the first reported empirical investigation of board behaviour. In having access to Board meetings, unique insights into social processes were garnered that might otherwise have gone undetected if interview data were relied upon as the sole source of evidence. As such, this paper makes a key contribution in beginning to address the void in our understanding of social enterprise governance. In particular, it highlights the influence of governance on entrepreneurship and goal achievement among newly formed social purpose organizations. When viewed through a social constructionist lens, the results indicate that while organizations strive to achieve both legitimacy and identity, effectiveness was greater among organizations that emphasized the latter.
Exploring SWOT analysis – where are we now?
Authors: Helms Marilyn M. , Nixon Judy 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the use of the strategic management tool, Strengths‐Weaknesses‐Opportunities‐Threats or SWOT analysis, and to assess how the methodology has been used as well as changes to the methodology. The findings both for and against SWOT analysis should lead to a balanced view of the technique as well as yield ideas for needed theory building.Design/methodology/approachUsing the ABInform Global® database, academic peer‐reviewed articles were compiled indicating SWOT as one of the article's key index and search words.FindingsThe use of SWOT analysis continues to permeate the academic peer‐reviewed literature. Research supports SWOT analysis as a tool for planning purposes. Over the past decade, SWOT research has focused on analyzing organizations for recommended strategic actions. As a methodology for strategic positioning, SWOT analysis has been extended beyond companies to countries and industries and is used in virtually every published business case positioned for business student analysis. Additional use of SWOT is as teaching tools by consultants, trainers and educators. This paper provides a summary of the research studies and suggests paths for future research.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is limited to analyzing reports found in a selection of academic peer‐reviewed business journals. However, research implications for applying SWOT analysis provides a broad spectrum of industry analysis in North America, Europe, and Asia. Additional limitations are the need to link SWOT analysis to other strategic tools and methodologies for further theory building, since past research continues to lack quantifiable findings on the success of the SWOT analysis.Practical implicationsA fresh view of new directions and implementations for SWOT analysis, as well as other strategic planning tools that can be combined with SWOT, provides guidance for practitioners and policy makers alike.Originality/valueThe article adds value to the existing literature as the first summary of SWOT research indicating its uses and limitations. Support of its usage and place in the strategic literature is validated. The SWOT methodology is pervasive, in large part, due to its simplicity. In addition, the use of SWOT as a proven developmental, results‐oriented strategic planning tool is also extended, although further research leading to theory building is warranted and recommended.
A conceptual framework for critical success factors of lean Six Sigma
Authors: Jeyaraman K. , Kee Teo Leam 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to analyze the critical success factors (CSFs) for lean Six Sigma (LSS) implementation and its impacts towards company performance in multinational electronic manufacturing service (EMS) industries.Design/methodology/approachA pilot study has been conducted to identify the top ten CSFs for LSS implementation. Based on these factors, a structured questionnaire has been constructed. The questionnaire will be distributed to multi‐sites of six EMS industries to obtain the data across Malaysia and other sites globally. The target population is the LSS program implementer such as master black belts, black belts and LSS champions in the EMS industries.FindingsThese EMS industries provide outsourcing platform for the original equipment manufacturing (OEM) industries to outsource their products in order to reduce operational cost. With the proposed LSS implementation success model, a practical guide of the LSS program has been implemented. The practical guide helps the LSS practitioners to focus on certain CSFs and it prevents the LSS execution from loosing momentum when faces roadblock.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is relevant to most EMS industries and provides guidelines to small and medium enterprises in Malaysia through improving their competitiveness and capability in the globalization market.Originality/valueThe EMS industries compete among themselves to gain more business from OEM industries through implementation of many improvements via cost reduction activities. LSS program is recognized among the EMS industries as one of the effective business strategy of cost reduction and to improve company's profitability and growth. The success of the LSS program in achieving the expected gain and return relies on CSFs; henceforth it renders the undertaking of this paper.
The integration of Six Sigma and lean management
Authors: Salah Souraj , Rahim Abdur , Carretero Juan A. 
Published: August 2010

PurposeLean and Six Sigma are the two most important continuous improvement (CI) methodologies for achieving operational and service excellence in any organization. The purpose of this paper is to explain how lean compares to the Six Sigma and outline the benefits for integrating them. Also, this paper discusses the existing models that describe how Six Sigma and lean fit together. A new detailed description for integrating Six Sigma and lean is developed to provide an improved approach for CI.Design/methodology/approachThe following research included proposals and discussion, which were mainly based on the authors' own findings and experience, in addition to a literature‐based review of some of the most common and traditional lean and Six Sigma models.FindingsThe paper proposes a new lean Six Sigma (LSS) approach and provides a detailed description of its phases. The paper also presents the views on the integration benefits as well as on how Six Sigma compares to lean. Six Sigma and lean are related and share common grounds in terms of striving to achieve customer satisfaction. Their integration is concluded to be possible and beneficial.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper discusses the existing models that describe how Six Sigma and lean fit together. Finally, a new detailed description for integrating Six Sigma and lean is developed to provide an improved approach for CI.Originality/valueThe paper extends previous works on LSS and proposes a novel approach to LSS. The proposed structure is built upon the existing define, measure, analyze, improve and control structure which is well renowned in the literature.
Comment se produisent les déviations arthritiques?
Authors: KAHLMETER GUNNAR 
Published: August 2010

Résumé.Après avoir constaté que les opinions sur les causes de l'apparition des déviations arthritiques sont nombreuses et variées et que la théorie qui paraît la plus rationelle est celle de l'origine musculaire, théorie en faveur de laquelle beaucoup de raisons ont été données, mais qui cependant manque encore de preuves concluantes, l'auteur s'efforce de montrer que:

dans le cas particulier de déviation typique de la main, la structure anatonique des articulations intéressées rend possible la déviation précitée, sans qu'il y ait lieu d'invoquer une altération de la forme des facettes articulaires ou de la structure de l'appareil ligamenteux; autrement dit, la déviation peut éCtre exclusivement produite par l'action musculaire.
une analyse approfondie des faits existants, au point de vue de l'action musculaire sur les articulations en cause, montre que cette action mise en jeu par des contractures périphériques peut engendrer des déviations typiques.
selon toute apparence la contracture périphérique, localisée dans certains groupes de muscles, se produit dès les premiéGres phases de l'arthrite et, en tout cas, à une phase plus avancée de la maladie sous forme de contractures secondaires résultant de la rupture de l'équilibre musculaire causée par l'affaiblissement et l'atrophie des antagonistes.

L'auteur pense que la théorie musculaire des déviations trouve un argument puissant dans un fait clinique de polyarthrite observé par lui chez une hémiplégique; chez cette patiente, en même temps qu'une paralysie complète d'un bras et d'une main, existait une déviation typique apparue postérieurement à l'hémiplégie et seulement du côté non paralysé, alors que les altérations arthritiques proprement dites étaient symétriques.
Variations in the Number of Erythrocytes in Normal Persons.
Authors: BIERRING. KARL 
Published: August 2010

Resumé.

The number of red blood corpuscles does not keep constant in the same individual, but varies from day to day.
The greatest variation may reach 2.4 million. The greatest variation two following days, 1.4 million.
When these figures are corrected for counting errors, the largest variation found on following days is about 1/2 million; the greatest variation, about a million.
The variations are different for each person, and they are not subject to rule. Whether the blood is taken before breakfast or about an hour after a meal seems to have little influence on the variations from day to day.
There appears to be no difference between the variations in men and women.
Action de la chaleur sur le virus encéphalitique isolé en Suède.
Authors: KLING C. , DAVIDE H. , LILJENQUIST F. 
Published: August 2010

Résumé.

Le chauffage pendant 45 minutes à 58° C est insuffisant pour détruire notre virus encéphalitique;
le chauffage pendant 90 minutes à 65° C amène la destruction, quoique non complète;
le chauffage pendant 75 minutes à 70° C détruit le virus totalement;
le chauffage pendant 15 minutes à 100° C tue le virus;
le chauffage pendant 45 minutes à 48° C affaiblit le virus de l'herpès et le chauffage à 55° le tue.

Par ce qui précède nous croyons avoir confirmé encore l'opinion avancée par nous: le virus herpétique et le virus encéphalitique suédois ne sont pas identiques.
Comparison between the Intravenous and Oral Application of Glucose for Loading of the Carbohydrate‐Metabolism.
Authors: JÖRGENSEN STEFAN 
Published: August 2010

Résumé.

A loading‐test in which the sugar is administrated orally, subcutaneously or intramuscularly, is beset with considerable sources of error, of which variation in the rate of absorption is the principal one.
The best loading‐test, therefore, will be the one by which the sugar is introduced intravenously.
By the peroral loading‐tests no regard is paid — nor can be paid — to variations in the rate of resorption.
After intravenous injection of 20 gr. of glucose during 3–4 minutes, the blood‐sugar curve in »normal» persons (i. e. non‐diabetics) presents the following characters:

the blood‐sugar rises to 0.300% à 0.400%
the fasting blood‐sugar concentration is re‐established in from 90 to 100 minutes.
the area‐figure is rarely > 60 cm2.
the loading‐figure is < 160.
the blood‐sugar fall is continuous and fairly regular.
after the re‐establishment of the blood‐sugar concentration, a consecutive hypoglycaemia sets in, and the blood‐sugar concentration may fall to values which are 20%‐30% below the fasting value.

The advantages of the intravenous loading‐test are the following:

when the sugar is introduced in this manner one has control of the time taken for introducing the sugar into the intermediary metabolism, and especially
one knows at what instant the sugar introduction ceases, so that
the blood‐sugar curve after intravenous injection of sugar only is an indication of the strength and range of the processes which tend to remove (eliminate) an excess of sugar from the blood.
the quantitative expression for the blood‐sugar curve (the loading‐figure) varies less than the corresponding expression for the blood‐sugar curve after oral administration of glucose.
Röntgendiagnostische Versuche mit Lipiodol bei Lungentuberkulose.
Authors: GRILL CLAES 
Published: August 2010

Zusammenfassung.Verf. hat in der Absicht, die röntgendiagnostischen Möglichkeiten nach Lipiodolinjektion bei Lungentuberkulose zu unter‐suchen, eine Anzahl von Versuehen mit Lipiodolinjektion gemacht, u. zw. mittels Larynxspritze durch die Glottis unter Leitung des Wapplerschen Laryngoskops. Die wichtigsten diagnostischen Resultate waren:1) In einem Falle mit pos. stethoskopischem Befund und neg. Röntgenogramm hat die Lipiodolinjektion Veränderungen im Lungenparenchym gezeigt, die am P. maximum des auskultativen Befundes lokalisiert waren; 2) bei mehreren Fällen schöne Bilder von tuberkulösen Bronchiektasien; 3) in einem Falle Bekräftigung der Wahrscheinlichkeitsdiagnose exsudativ‐käsiger Phthise durch das Lipiodol‐Eöntgenbild; 4) einige positive Kavernenbilder auf dem Lipiodol‐Röntgenbild; 5) in einem Falle eine auf dem Lipiodol‐Röntgenogramm sichtbare und pathol.‐anatom. verifizierte Bronchostenose im r. Hauptbronchus.Verf. gibt ein Resümee über die Jodtherapie bei Lungentuberkulose und erörtert das Gefahrenmoment bei Lipiodolinjektion mit besonderer Hinsicht auf die alveoläre Lipiodolretention. Er berichtet schliesslich über einen path.‐ anatomisch untersuchten Fall, bei dem unmittelbar vor dem Exitus und über 5 Monate nach der Injektion röntgenologisch Lipiodolreste beobachtet worden waren, bei dem sich aber nirgends Zeichen einer »Fremdkörperpneumonie» oder andere Zellinfiltrate nachweisen liessen, die mit einer Gewebsreaktion auf die Lipiodolansammlungen in Zusammenhang gebracht oder als Zeichen einer solchen gedeutet werden konnten.
Zur Frage von der Extrasystolie als Interferenz‐erscheinung mehrerer Herzrhythmen.
Authors: ZANDER EMIL 
Published: August 2010

Zusammenfassung.Ein Fall von extrasystolischer Arhythmie wird beschrieben, wo das Vorhandensein eines rhythmischen Extracentrums in der rechten Kammer nachgewiesen wird, und ein solches auch in der linken Kammer als nicht unwahrscheinlich anzunehmen ist.