bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co–Pd/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst for heavy oil upgrading: Desorption kinetics, reducibility and catalytic activity
Authors: Hossain Mohammad M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe influence of Pd on a Co–Pd/γ‐Al2O3 heavy oil upgrading catalyst is investigated using different physicochemical and reactive Characterization techniques. Nitrogen adsorption isotherm analysis shows that the specific surface area and porosity of the support alumina is significantly decreased due to the blockage of the pores by the loaded cobalt species. The estimated activation energy of NH3 desorption is found to be less for Co–Pd/γ‐Al2O3 sample, which confirms improved acidity due to Pd. TPR experiments show that the reducibility of the catalyst is significantly improved with the presence of Pd. Higher metal dispersion and hydrogen spillover effects are the main reasons for the enhanced reducibility of the Pd promoted catalyst as revealed by the H2‐pulse chemisorptions study. When evaluated using VGO as feed stock, the Co–Pd/γ‐Al2O3 displayed superiority both in hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) and hydrocracking (HC) activities as compared to the unpromoted Co/γ‐Al2O3 catalyst. The coke deposition on the spent catalyst is also found to be low due to the Pd promotional effects. This is an encouraging result, given that higher hydrogenation activity of the catalyst can be achieved without compromising the cracking activity and sustained activity of the catalyst.
Sympathetic and parasympathetic responses to social stress across adolescence
Authors: Hollenstein Tom , McNeely Adrian , Eastabrook Jenny , Mackey Allison , Flynn Jessica 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMany transformations that occur in adolescence are related to emotion and emotion regulation, yet very little is known about the autonomic underpinnings of these changes. The aim of the study was to document age‐related differences in autonomic responses to social stress and relations to emotion regulation. Ninety‐nine female adolescents engaged in a paced breathing and a spontaneous speech task while electrocardiography measurements were taken. Spectral decomposition of the heart period data was used to create measures of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Results revealed a positive correlation between age and sympathetic activity and a negative correlation between age and parasympathetic activity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the age‐related norms of cardiac variability across adolescence. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 54:207‐214, 2012.
Extracellular matrix and its receptors indrosophilaneural development
Authors: Broadie Kendal , Baumgartner Stefan , Prokop Andreas 
Published: June 2011

AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) and matrix receptors are intimately involved in most biological processes. The ECM plays fundamental developmental and physiological roles in health and disease, including processes underlying the development, maintenance, and regeneration of the nervous system. To understand the principles of ECM‐mediated functions in the nervous system, genetic model organisms likeDrosophilaprovide simple, malleable, and powerful experimental platforms. This article provides an overview of ECM proteins and receptors inDrosophila. It then focuses on their roles during three progressive phases of neural development: (1) neural progenitor proliferation, (2) axonal growth and pathfinding, and (3) synapse formation and function. Each section highlights known ECM and ECM‐receptor components and recent studies done in mutant conditions to reveal theirin vivofunctions, all illustrating the enormous opportunities provided when merging work on the nervous system with systematic research into ECM‐related gene functions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 1102‐1130, 2011
Breakdown characteristics of gas‐insulated switchgear for nonstandard lightning impulse waveforms under nonuniform electric field
Authors: Ueta Genyo , Kaneko Shuhei , Okabe Shigemitsu 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTo improve the insulation specification of gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS), it is necessary to recognize the insulation characteristics of SF6 gas during actual surges (called nonstandard lightning impulse waveforms) occurring at field substations. The authors observed the insulation characteristics of SF6 gas gap under various types of nonstandard lightning impulse waveforms and compared them quantitatively with those obtained with standard lightning impulse waveforms. The experimental results were used to derive an evaluation method for real surges, which was applied to typical surges for various UHV and 500‐kV systems. In the preceding study, therefore, only the case of a quasi‐uniform electric field (with a typical range of field utilization factors in the bus of a GIS) was investigated. In the present investigation, the insulation characteristics of an SF6 gas gap for a nonuniform electric field were observed experimentally and an evaluation method for converting nonstandard lightning impulse waveforms equivalently to the standard lightning impulse waveform was investigated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 11–18, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21144
Neural signal transmission measurements with a conductive polymer microelectrode array
Authors: Shimada Akiyoshi , Kasai Nahoko , Furukawa Yuriko , Nyberg Tobias , Torimitsu Keiichi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe neural activity of dissociated cultures of mouse cortical neurons was measured with a conductive polymer microelectrode array. Each electrode was electrochemically polymerized from (3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) and ethylenedioxythiophene on indium tin oxide electrodes. The spike activity of the cortical neurons was measured with the conducting polymer MEA and spike train cross‐correlograms were calculated to predict the type of synaptic connection. Both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic connections were identified after 6 to 8 days in vitro. These results show that it is possible to determine the interaction between excitatory and inhibitory neurons in relation to information processing with this new polymer electrode. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 37–42, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21155
Development of multi‐analyte DNA microchip using 3D nanoprototyping fabrication method
Authors: Fukuoka Daisuke , Ikeda Tomohiro , Utsumi Yuichi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe importance of microfluidics systems for high‐throughput postgenome analysis has been steadily increasing. We conceived and fabricated an integrated six‐microchip capillary electrophoresis unit on a small area of 30 × 30 mm for high‐throughput DNA analysis. The design of the structure was performed using a fluid dynamics simulation of electrophoresis to improve the DNA separation resolution. A narrow width of the micro channel at the corners was adopted. For simple fabrication of the microchip, we developed the PMMA structure of the micro fluid channel using lithography, molding, and fusion bonding techniques. It was demonstrated that the proposed integrated structure of micro channels results in good performance of on‐chip DNA separation in a small one‐unit area of 9 × 9 mm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 32–36, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21156
Interpersonal goals, others' regard for the self, and self‐esteem: The paradoxical consequences of self‐image and compassionate goals
Authors: Canevello Amy , Crocker Jennifer 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPeople often adopt self‐image goals to increase others' regard for them and perhaps their own self‐esteem. But do these impression management goals achieve their intended result in close relationships? And do they endure over time? We suggest that self‐image goals predict decreased self‐esteem and close others' regard for the self through decreased responsiveness to others. In contrast, compassionate goals, which reflect a genuine concern for others' well‐being, predict increased self‐esteem and others' regard through increased responsiveness. We tested these hypotheses in a longitudinal study of college roommates followed across a semester. Path analyses supported both predictions, suggesting a paradox for interpersonal goals in close relationships: explicit attempts to increase close others' regard for the self backfire and damage self‐esteem, but having goals to meet others' needs result in others' positive regard and promote self‐esteem. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
“I'm ashamed because of you, so please, don't do that!”: Reactions to deviance as a protection against a threat to social image
Authors: Chekroun Peggy , Nugier Armelle 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe present research investigated the role that threat to social image and self‐conscious emotions play in reaction to deviance. In three studies, participants were invited to imagine themselves in a situation in which they were bystanders of a deviant behavior. We manipulated the threat to the in‐group's social image through the deviant group membership (Study 1), the visibility of the deviant behavior to a third party (Study 2), and the stereotype salience of the deviant behavior (Study 3). Social image concerns, emotional reactions, and intention of sanctioning the deviant were measured. The results revealed that the situations in which the threat to the social image of the group was high provoked the greater intentions to sanction the deviant. Moreover, intentions were accounted for by the more intense shame and embarrassment (but not guilt) reported by the participants when faced with a group‐threatening situation. The findings indicate that reactions to deviance are highly dependent on the damage caused to the group's social image and on self‐conscious emotions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Status and inclusion, anger and sadness: Gendered responses to disrespect
Authors: Blincoe Sarai , Harris Monica J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSelf‐image is deeply affected by social evaluations. One source of evaluation is respect, individuals' perceptions of their inclusion within, and value to, the group. Despite the importance of respect to the self‐concept, the study of affective responses to disrespectful experiences has been largely neglected. A series of three studies focused on the following questions: (1) which emotions accompany the experience of disrespect? (2) how does gender influence emotional responses? and (3) how does disrespect differ emotionally from other interpersonal evaluations (i.e., disliking)? Results shed light on gender differences in emotional responses to disrespect, with men appearing to be more concerned with respect and responding to disrespect with more anger, whereas women were more likely to be sad. Implications for the study of respect and disrespect as social evaluations, and sex differences in reactions to these evaluations, are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keeping up with the Joneses: Status projection as symbolic self‐completion
Authors: Carr Hannah L. , Vignoles Vivian L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe studied the incidence and correlates of status projection—use of material possessions to emphasize social status to others—among 100 adolescents in a historical context of rising affluence. Participants listed 10 possessions, rated each for its value as a status symbol, and chose five to discuss with another participant in a forthcoming interaction. Participants selected especially those of their possessions that they had rated higher in status value (p < .001). This effect was stronger among those reporting upward or downward change in their families' socioeconomic status (p < .05), greater actual‐ideal self‐discrepancies (p < .05), and stronger commitment to materialistic values (p < .01); moreover, the effect of changing status was stronger among higher materialists (p < .05). These results indicate that people self‐complete through presenting their possessions selectively to others, and they help to clarify the precise role of identity commitment in symbolic self‐completion. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social recognition as an equal: The role of equality‐based respect in group life
Authors: Renger Daniela , Simon Bernd 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe study presented in this article examined the role of social recognition as an equal in group members' motivation to serve their ingroup as well as actual group‐serving behavior. We predicted and found that social recognition as opposed to non‐recognition as an equal, communicated by fellow group members, increased participants' group‐serving motivation and behavior. In addition, the psychological processes underlying this effect were examined. We theoretically derived a mediational chain, which was then tested empirically. As expected, social recognition as an equal led to experiences of being respected, and perceived equality of self played a mediational role in this relationship. The experience of respect, in turn, was associated with stronger collective identification, which played a mediating role linking the respect experience with higher motivation and better behavioral performance in group‐serving tasks. Moreover, these effects operated over and above group members' perceptions of being liked by others. The practical and broader social implications of equality‐based respect are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Damned if she does, damned if she doesn't: Consequences of accepting versus confronting patronizing help for the female target and male actor
Authors: Becker Julia C. , Glick Peter , Ilic Marie , Bohner Gerd 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThree studies examined how a woman's reaction to a man's benevolently sexist offer of help affected observers' perceptions. Results suggest a dilemma for women: A woman who accepted benevolently sexist help was perceived as warm but incompetent and less suited for a competence‐related job (management consultant), whereas a woman who declined help and asserted her independence as a woman was perceived as competent but cold and less suited for a warmth‐related job (day care worker). By contrast, observers viewed the male help‐offerer especially favorably (warmer, more competent, and more qualified as a management consultant) when the female target accepted (versus confronted) his patronizing offer. But only perceivers who endorsed benevolent sexism showed these effects. Implications for challenging benevolent sexism are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dissipation of six acid herbicides in water and sediment of two Canadian prairie wetlands
Authors: Degenhardt Dani , Cessna Allan J , Raina Renata , Farenhorst Annemieke , Pennock Dan J 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
In the present study, an ephemeral (E) and a semipermanent (SP) wetland were divided into halves using a polyvinyl curtain and one-half of each wetland was treated with dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid), bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile), MCPA [(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid], 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], mecoprop-P (R)-2-(4-chloro-o-tolyloxy)propionic acid], and dichlorprop [(RS)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propionic acid] such that concentrations in the water simulated an overspraying event, thus representing a worst-case scenario for wetland contamination. Water and sediment samples were taken over the 77-d study period to monitor herbicide concentrations. The dissipation of all six herbicides could be described by first-order reaction kinetics. In water, the field half-life (DT50) values ranged from 2.3 d (bromoxynil) to 31 d (dichlorprop). All six herbicides were detected in sediment samples from both wetlands. Overall, the phenoxypropionic acids (mecoprop-P and dichlorprop) were more persistent than the phenoxyacetic acids (2,4-D and MCPA) in both sediment and water. Use of bromide ion as a conservative tracer indicated that infiltration through sediment was an important route of water loss in both wetlands, especially in wetland E. Because strong correlations were found between the mass of each herbicide and bromide ion mass in wetland SP (r2 = 0.59–0.76) and wetland E (r2 = 0.80–0.95), it is likely that herbicide dissipation was due, in part, to mass lost by way of infiltration through sediment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:1982–1989. © 2011 SETAC
Botulinum toxin type b for the treatment of a sialocele after parotidectomy
Authors: Pantel Mira , Volk Gerd Fabian , Guntinas–Lichius Orlando , Wittekindt Claus 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundA 41‐year‐old male patient developed a sialocele after partial parotidectomy for a parotid pleomorphic adenoma. The sialocele was effectively treated by a single injection with botulinum toxin type B combined with multiple needle aspirations.MethodsUltrasound‐guided infiltration of 2500 mouse‐units of botulinum toxin type B in the residual parotid gland tissue under local anesthesia. Repeated needle aspirations were performed before and after the infiltration.ResultsTen days after the injection, the patient was free of any discomfort.ConclusionBotulinum toxin type B is effective in the management of postoperative sialocele after parotid gland surgery. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Early surgical outcomes of robotic thyroidectomy by a gasless unilateral axillo‐breast or axillary approach for papillary thyroid carcinoma: 2 years' experience
Authors: Tae Kyung , Ji Yong Bae , Cho Seok Hyun , Lee Seung Hwan , Kim Dong Sun , Kim Tae Wha 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe efficacy of robotic thyroidectomy for thyroid cancer has not yet been assessed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and completeness of robotic thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).MethodsWe analyzed 75 patients with PTC who underwent robotic thyroidectomy from October 2008 to August 2010 using a gasless unilateral axillo‐breast or axillary approach with a da Vinci S Surgical System Robot and compared them with 226 patients who received conventional open thyroidectomy.ResultsThe robotic thyroidectomy procedure was successfully completed in all the patients. The complication rate did not differ between the 2 groups, except for transient hypoparathyroidism. The surgical completeness of robotic thyroidectomy was comparable to that of conventional open thyroidectomy, and cosmetic satisfaction was superior in the robotic group.ConclusionRobotic thyroidectomy is a safe, feasible, and cosmetically excellent procedure in properly selected patients with PTC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Adapting to cope with eucalypt oils: Mandibular extensions in pergid sawfly larvae and potential preadaptations in its sister family Argidae (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Symphyta)
Authors: Schmidt S. , Walter G.H. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEach of the interior mandibular surfaces of Australian sawfly larvae in the subfamily Perginae is equipped with a soft, brush‐like scopa mandibularis. These insects are associated with oil‐rich Myrtaceae, including Eucalyptus, and the scopa is involved in separating leaf oils from nutritive plant matter. The oil is stored internally in a diverticulum and is emitted during defense reactions. However, this is known only from mature larvae and the mandibular structure has been investigated and partially illustrated in only one genus of pergines, Pergagrapta. Here, we provide a full description, extend this to a second genus, Perga, and include first instar larvae of Perga and Pseudoperga genera to confirm the presence of the scopa and diverticula through the entire larval life, and thus infer their developmental trajectory. Superficial descriptions of mandibular projections in some Nearctic species in the family Argidae, which is phylogenetically sister to the Pergidae, have been published. Modifications of the inner mandibular surface of representatives of the argid genera Sericoceros, Sphacophilus, and Zynzus are therefore fully illustrated and compared with those of the Pergidae, so this phylogenetic relationship can be assessed. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Skeleto‐musculature of the mandible and its function in podocopid ostracodes exemplified by Loxoconcha pulchra (Cytheroidea: Loxoconchidae) and Fabaeformiscandona tyrolensis (Cypridoidea: Candonidae)
Authors: Yamada Shinnosuke , Matzke‐Karasz Renate 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA new anatomical interpretation of the skeleto‐musculature of the mandible in podocopid ostracodes is proposed based on ultrastructural observations of Loxoconcha pulchra Ishizaki, 1968 and Fabaeformiscandona tyrolensis (Löffler, 1963). Attachment cells with their numerous microfibers anchor the sclerotized lamella cuticle (chitinous rod) to the outer lamella cuticle via intracuticular fibers. A pan‐shaped structure develops at the attachment area in the outer lamella cuticle and is responsible for the mandibular scar. The sclerotized lamella cuticle is continuous with the dorsal apex of the mandibular coxa, which touches the fulcral point directly without intermediate epidermis. The calcification of the fulcral point starts immediately after ecdysis and this rapid calcification suggests that the fulcral point must play a significant role in functional morphology of podocopid ostracodes. After 3D‐reconstruction of the set of mandibular extrinsic muscles in a podocopid ostracode, we suggest that the fulcral point is a key character for carapace opening by transmitting the force from the mandibular coxa to the valve and at the same time functions as the stable fulcrum for mandibular movement during mastication. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chronic stress and antidepressant agomelatine induce region‐specific changes in synapsin I expression in the rat brain
Authors: Dagyte Girstaute , Luiten Paul G. , De Jager Tim , Gabriel Cecilia , Mocaër Elisabeth , Den Boer Johan A. , Van der Zee Eddy A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe antidepressant agomelatine acts as a melatonergic receptor (MT1/MT2) agonist and 5‐HT2C receptor antagonist. Agomelatine has demonstrated efficacy in treating depression, but its neurobiological effects merit further investigation. Preclinical studies reported that agomelatine enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and increases expression of several neuroplasticity‐associated molecules. Recently, we showed that agomelatine normalizes hippocampal neuronal activity and promotes neurogenesis in the stress‐compromised brain. To characterize further the effects of this antidepressant in the stressed brain, here we investigated whether it induces changes in the expression of synapsin I (SynI), a regulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Adult male rats were subjected to daily footshock stress and agomelatine treatment for 3 weeks. Their brains were subsequently stained for total and phosphorylated SynI. Chronic footshock and agomelatine induced region‐specific changes in SynI expression. Whereas chronic stress increased total SynI expression in all layers of the medial prefrontal cortex, agomelatine treatment abolished some of these effects. Furthermore, chronic agomelatine administration decreased total SynI expression in the hippocampal subregions of both stressed and nonstressed rats. Importantly, chronic stress decreased the fraction of phosphorylated SynI in all layers of the medial prefrontal cortex as well as selectively in the outer and middle molecular layers of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. These stress effects were at least partially abolished by agomelatine. Altogether, our data show that chronic stress and agomelatine treatment induce region‐specific changes in SynI expression and its phosphorylation. Moreover, agomelatine partially counteracts the stress effects on SynI, suggesting a modulation of synaptic function by this antidepressant. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.