bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining well-being in psoriasis: A Delphi consensus among healthcare professionals and patients
Authors: Daudén Esteban , Belinchón I. , Colominas-González E. , Coto P. , de la Cueva P. , Gallardo F. , Poveda J. L. , Ramírez E. , Ros S. , Ruíz-Villaverde R. , Comellas M. , Lizán Luís 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic skin disease that negatively impacts on patient’s life. A holistic approach integrating well-being assessment could improve disease management. Since a consensus definition of well-being in psoriasis is not available, we aim to achieve a multidisciplinary consensus on well-being definition and its components. A literature review and consultation with psoriasis patients facilitated the design of a two-round Delphi questionnaire targeting healthcare professionals and psoriasis patients. A total of 261 panellists (65.1% patients with psoriasis, 34.9% healthcare professionals) agreed on the dimensions and components that should integrate the concept of well-being: emotional dimension (78.9%) [stress (83.9%), mood disturbance (85.1%), body image (83.9%), stigma/shame (75.1%), self-esteem (77.4%) and coping/resilience (81.2%)], physical dimension (82.0%) [sleep quality (81.6%), pain/discomfort (80.8%), itching (83.5%), extracutaneous manifestations (82.8%), lesions in visible areas (84.3%), lesions in functional areas (85.8%), and sex life (78.2%)], social dimension (79.5%) [social relationships (80.8%), leisure/recreational activities (80.3%), support from family/friends (76.6%) and work/academic life (76.5%)], and satisfaction with disease management (78.5%) [treatment (78.2%), information received (75.6%) and medical care provided by the dermatologist (80.1%)]. This well-being definition reflects patients’ needs and concerns. Therefore, addressing them in psoriasis will optimise management, contributing to better outcomes and restoring normalcy to the patient’s life.
Neural network model for prediction of possible sarcopenic obesity using Korean national fitness award data (2010–2023)
Authors: Bae Jun-Hyun , Seo Ji-won , Li Xinxing , Ahn SoYoung , Sung Yunho , Kim Dae Young 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterized by concomitant sarcopenia and obesity and presents a high risk of disability, morbidity, and mortality among older adults. However, predictions based on sequential neural network SO studies and the relationship between physical fitness factors and SO are lacking. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for SO in older adults by focusing on physical fitness factors. A comprehensive dataset of older Korean adults participating in national fitness programs was analyzed using sequential neural networks. Appendicular skeletal muscle/body weight was defined as SO using an anthropometric equation. Independent variables included body fat (BF, %), waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and various physical fitness factors. The dependent variable was a binary outcome (possible SO vs normal). We analyzed hyperparameter tuning and stratified K-fold validation to optimize a predictive model. The prevalence of SO was significantly higher in women (13.81%) than in men, highlighting sex-specific differences. The optimized neural network model and Shapley Additive Explanations analysis demonstrated a high validation accuracy of 93.1%, with BF% and absolute grip strength emerging as the most influential predictors of SO. This study presents a highly accurate predictive model for SO in older adults, emphasizing the critical roles of BF% and absolute grip strength. We identified BF, absolute grip strength, and sit-and-reach as key SO predictors. Our findings underscore the sex-specific nature of SO and the importance of physical fitness factors in its prediction.
Finding multifaceted communities in multiplex networks
Authors: Gadár László , Abonyi János 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIdentifying communities in multilayer networks is crucial for understanding the structural dynamics of complex systems. Traditional community detection algorithms often overlook the presence of overlapping edges within communities, despite the potential significance of such relationships. In this work, we introduce a novel modularity measure designed to uncover communities where nodes share specific multiple facets of connectivity. Our approach leverages a null network, an empirical layer of the multiplex network, not a random network, that can be one of the network layers or a complement graph of that, depending on the objective. By analyzing real-world social networks, we validate the effectiveness of our method in identifying meaningful communities with overlapping edges. The proposed approach offers valuable insights into the structural dynamics of multiplex systems, shedding light on nodes that share similar multifaceted connections.
Wideband high gain metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO antenna with highly isolated ports for sub-6 GHz 5G applications
Authors: Salehi Mahdi , Oraizi Homayoon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents the design of four $$178\times 178$$

178
×
178

(mm)$$^{2}$$

2

wideband, high gain, highly efficient metasurface-based 4T4R MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antennas with highly isolated ports, covering the middle and a portion of the upper bands of the sub 6 GHz 5G frequency spectrum for 5G-based systems, such as IoT (Internet of Things) applications, vehicular communications (e.g., rooftop antennas of cars or trains), smart industries (e.g., farms and factories). The radiating elements of these antennas use the aperture-coupled feeding technique with a dumbbell-shaped slot, a truncated square patch with two U-shaped slots, and a metasurface layer. The proposed MIMO structures place four identical radiating elements like a $$2\times 2$$

2
×
2

matrix with $$90^\circ$$

90
∘

successive rotations to produce orthogonal electromagnetic waves, improving the isolation between ports. Six-millimeter spaces are added between these elements, and two vertical and horizontal strip slots are carved on the ground as the decoupling structure to decrease the mutual coupling. Simulation results show that Antenna_1, Antenna_2, and Antenna_3 achieve gain values of 6.2 to 9.4 dBi, 8.2 to 11.6 dBi, 6.2 to 9.5 dBi, below − 35, − 25, and − 33 isolation and almost 10 dB diversity gain from 2.8 to 4.7 GHz, 2.8 to 4.5 GHz, and 2.7 to 4.9 GHz, respectively. As a prototype, Antenna_4 is manufactured, and measurements are performed. It achieves 6.28 to 10.45 dBi gain values, below − 23 dB isolation, and 0.001 envelope correlation coefficient over 2.7 to 4.3 GHz. The results confirm that the proposed MIMO antennas are compatible with the 5G essential requisites.
Clinical experience with shear wave elastography (SWE) for assessing healthy uterus in a transabdominal approach
Authors: Stader Judith M. , Recker Florian , Tonguc Tolga , Ramig Olga , Thudium Marcus , Matlac Dieter , Mutschler Nikola , Egger Eva K. , Mustea Alexander , Küppers Jim , Essler Markus , Jenne Jürgen , Strunk Holger M. , Conrad Rupert , Marinova Milka 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and feasibility of transabdominal ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) in assessing sonoelastographic features of the uterus. Twenty-seven premenopausal women were enrolled between 2021 and 2022. Transabdominal SWE measured myometrial stiffness in various uterine segments. Additionally, tissue stiffness of the quadriceps femoris muscle and autochthonous back muscle was measured. Statistical analysis employed non-parametric tests, t test, and a robust mixed linear model. Stiffness values of the uterus and the two investigated muscle types exhibited a similar spectrum: 6.38 ± 2.59 kPa (median 5.61 kPa; range 2.76–11.31 kPa) for the uterine myometrium, 7.22 ± 1.24 kPa (6.82 kPa; 5.11–9.39 kPa) for the quadriceps femoris musle, and 7.43 ± 2.73 kPa (7.41 kPa; 3.10–13.73 kPa) for the autochthonous back muscle. A tendency for significant differences in myometrial stiffness was observed concerning the type of labor mode (mean stiffness of 9.17 ± 1.35 kPa after vaginal birth vs. 3.83 ± 1.35 kPa after Caesarian section, p = 0.01). No significant differences in myometrial stiffness were observed concerning age, BMI, previous pregnancies, uterine flexion and menstrual cycle phase. Transabdominal SWE of uterine stiffness seems to be a fast and practicable method in a clinical setting. Uterine stiffness appears to be largely independent of various factors, except for the mode of delivery. However, further studies are needed to validate these results.
Increased biofilm formation in dual-strain compared to single-strain communities of Cutibacterium acnes
Authors: Bjerg Cecilie Scavenius Brønnum , Poehlein Anja , Bömeke Mechthild , Himmelbach Axel , Schramm Andreas , Brüggemann Holger 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCutibacterium acnes is a known opportunistic pathogen in orthopedic implant-associated infections (OIAIs). The species of C. acnes comprises distinct phylotypes. Previous studies suggested that C. acnes can cause single- as well as multi-typic infections, i.e. infections caused by multiple strains of different phylotypes. However, it is not known if different C. acnes phylotypes are organized in a complex biofilm community, which could constitute a multicellular strategy to increase biofilm strength and persistency. Here, the interactions of two C. acnes strains belonging to phylotypes IB and II were determined in co-culture experiments. No adverse interactions between the strains were observed in liquid culture or on agar plates; instead, biofilm formation in both microtiter plates and on titanium discs was significantly increased when combining both strains. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that both strains co-occurred throughout the biofilm. Transcriptome analyses revealed strain-specific alterations of gene expression in biofilm-embedded cells compared to planktonic growth, in particular affecting genes involved in carbon and amino acid metabolism. Overall, our results provide first insights into the nature of dual-type biofilms of C. acnes, suggesting that strains belonging to different phylotypes can form biofilms together with additive effects. The findings might influence the perception of C. acnes OIAIs in terms of diagnosis and treatment.
Gradient-based autonomous obstacle avoidance trajectory planning for B-spline UAVs
Authors: Sun Wei , Sun Pengxiang , Ding Wei , Zhao Jingang , Li Yadan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become the focus of current research because of their practicability in various scenarios. However, current local path planning methods often result in trajectories with numerous sharp or inflection points, which are not ideal for smooth UAV flight. This paper introduces a UAV path planning approach based on distance gradients. The key improvements include generating collision-free paths using collision information from initial trajectories and obstacles. Then, collision-free paths are subsequently optimized using distance gradient information. Additionally, a trajectory time adjustment method is proposed to ensure the feasibility and safety of the trajectory while prioritizing smoothness. The Limited-memory BFGS algorithm is employed to efficiently solve optimal local paths, with the ability to quickly restart the trajectory optimization program. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated in the Robot Operating System simulation environment, demonstrating its ability to meet trajectory planning requirements for UAVs in complex unknown environments with high dynamics. Moreover, it surpasses traditional UAV trajectory planning methods in terms of solution speed, trajectory length, and data volume.
Summarizing physical performance in professional soccer: development of a new composite index
Authors: Oliva-Lozano José M. , Cefis Mattia , Fortes Víctor , Campo Roberto López-Del , Resta Ricardo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe aims of this study were to create a composite index to measure the overall players’ physical performance in professional soccer matches and analyze the effect of individual playing time and positional differences on this composite index. A total of 830 official matches from LaLiga men’s first division and Spanish Copa del Rey were analyzed, which resulted in 24,980 match observations collected from 1138 male players (forwards, n = 286; midfielders, n = 441; defenders, n = 411). The physical performance variables, which represent the locomotor demands, were collected using electronic performance tracking systems. A Partial Least-Squares Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) was used to measure performance. The PLS-SEM output had three significant latent components, which explained 95% of the initial variability, that were related to the acceleration-specific performance (component 1), high-intensity running-related variables (component 2), and medium intensity actions variables (component 3). Also, a linear regression analysis was used to explore relationships between playing activity time (hours—X axis) and the composite index (10-point scale—Y axis), in which a strong and positive correlation was observed between individual playing time and the composite index (r = 0.76; p < 0.001; R2 = 0.58). Also, significant positive correlations were observed in forwards (r = 0.85; p < 0.001; R2 = 0.74), midfielders (r = 0.80; p < 0.001; R2 = 0.64), and defenders (r = 0.67; p < 0.001; R2 = 0.45). However, significant differences between playing positions with a small effect size (p < 0.05; eta-squared = 0.01) were found. From a practical perspective, this study may serve as a reference for sports performance practitioners to create a composite index that measures the overall players’ physical performance. The instructions to create this index are available in the manuscript.
Prediction the changes of anthropometric indices following a weight-loss diet in overweight and obese women by mathematical models
Authors: Ebrahimzadeh Attari Vahideh , Nourmohammadi Mahdieh , Asghari-Jafarabadi Mohammad , Mahluji Sepideh , Malek Mahdavi Aida , Esmaeili Parya 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEstimating the change rates in body size following the weight loss programs is very important in the compliance of those programs. Although, there is enough evidence on the significant association of body weight change with the other anthropometric indices and/ or body composition, there is so limited studies that have depicted this relationship as mathematical formulas. Therefore, the present research designed to use a mathematical model to predict changes of anthropometric indices following a weight-loss diet in the overweight and obese women. In this longitudinal study, 212 overweight/obese women who received an individualized low-calorie diet (LCD) were selected and followed-up for five months. Anthropometric measurements such as weight, waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and body composition (lean mass and fat mass) were performed. Then, body mass index, waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), a body shape index (ABSI), abdominal volume index (AVI), and body adiposity index (BAI) were calculated using the related formula. Following the LCD led to the substantial and consistent changes in various anthropometric indices over time. All of these anthropometric variations were significantly related with the percent change (PC) of body weight except than WHR. Moreover, according to the mathematical formulas, weight loss was closely related to the decrease of WC (PC-WC =  − 0.120 + 0.703 × PC-WT), HC (PC-HC =  − 0.350 + 0.510 × PC-WT), body fat percentage (PC-Body Fat =  − 0.019 + 0.915 × PC-WT), WHtR (PC-WHtR =  − 0.113 + 0.702 × PC-WT), and improvements in ABSI (PC-ABSI =  − 0.112 + 0.034 × PC-WT) and AVI (PC-AVI =  − 0.324 + 1.320 × PC-WT). The decreasing rates of WC, HC, body fat percentage, WHtR, ABSI, and AVI in relation to the weight loss were clinically and statistically significant. This means that a healthy weight lowering diet would be accompanied by decreasing the body fat, body size and also the risk of morbidities.
Multiple myeloma incidence and mortality trends in the United States, 1999–2020
Authors: Zhu David T. , Park Andrew , Lai Alan , Zhang Lingxiao , Attar Hiba , Rebbeck Timothy R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell disorder accounting for approximately 10% of hematologic malignancies. There is limited epidemiological evidence regarding the long-term trends and disparities in MM in the US. We conducted a multiple time point cross-sectional study using MM incidence rate data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and mortality data from the CDC Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) Underlying Cause of Death database between 1999 and 2020. During this period, MM incidence has steadily increased, while MM mortality has steadily decreased, with substantial racial and ethnic disparities. Non-Hispanic Black individuals exhibited the highest incidence rates, which consistently rose from 12.02 (95% CI 10.54, 13.64) in 1999 to 14.20 (95% CI 12.93, 15.55) per 100,000 population by 2020. Non-Hispanic American Indian/Native Alaskans and Asian/Pacific Islanders demonstrated the lowest incidence rates of 5.59 (95% CI 2.69, 10.04) and 3.56 (95% CI 2.94, 4.27) per 100,000 population in 1999 to 5.76 (95% CI 3.49, 8.90) and 3.92 (95% CI 3.46, 4.42) per 100,000 population, respectively, by 2020. Disparities by gender, age, US census region, and rurality were observed, underscoring the importance of targeted, equity-centered interventions and MM screening initiatives for at-risk populations.
Towards a public policy of cities and human settlements in the 21st century
Authors: Creutzig Felix , Becker Sophia , Berrill Peter , Bongs Constanze , Bussler Alexandra , Cave Ben , M. Constantino Sara , Grant Marcus , Heeren Niko , Heinen Eva , Hintz Marie Josefine , Ingen-Housz Timothee , Johnson Eric , Kolleck Nina , Liotta Charlotte , Lorek Sylvia , Mattioli Giulio , Niamir Leila , McPhearson Timon , Milojevic-Dupont Nikola , Nachtigall Florian , Nagel Kai , Närger Henriette , Pathak Minal , Perrin de Brichambaut Paola , Reckien Diana , Reisch Lucia A. , Revi Aromar , Schuppert Fabian , Sudmant Andrew , Wagner Felix , Walkenhorst Janina , Weber Elke , Wilmes Michael , Wilson Charlie , Zekar Aicha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCities and other human settlements are major contributors to climate change and are highly vulnerable to its impacts. They are also uniquely positioned to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and lead adaptation efforts. These compound challenges and opportunities require a comprehensive perspective on the public policy of human settlements. Drawing on core literature that has driven debate around cities and climate over recent decades, we put forward a set of boundary objects that can be applied to connect the knowledge of epistemic communities and support an integrated urbanism. We then use these boundary objects to develop the Goals-Intervention-Stakeholder-Enablers (GISE) framework for a public policy of human settlements that is both place-specific and provides insights and tools useful for climate action in cities and other human settlements worldwide. Using examples from Berlin, we apply this framework to show that climate mitigation and adaptation, public health, and well-being goals are closely linked and mutually supportive when a comprehensive approach to urban public policy is applied.
Magnetic properties of the umbral boundary during sunspot decay
Authors: García-Rivas M. , Jurčák J. , Bello González N. 
Published: June 2024

Context. In recent years, the magnetic properties of the umbra-penumbra boundary of sunspots and the boundary of pores at various evolutionary stages have been characterised using datasets from different instruments.
Aims. We aim to study the intrinsic differences between the intensity and vector magnetic field properties derived from Hinode/SP and SDO/HMI observations of a decaying sunspot.
Methods. We analysed the sunspot embedded in active region NOAA 12797 during six days in 30 SP/Hinode scans and 704 HMI/SDO for both regular maps and maps corrected for scattered light, HMIdcon. We studied the correlation of the magnetic properties and continuum intensity in the datasets within the spot, and we investigated the differences at the umbra-penumbra boundary. We examined the decaying process in detail using the full temporal resolution of the HMIdcon maps.
Results. We find a good one-to-one correspondence between the magnetic properties in the SP and HMIdcon maps, but the continuum intensity of the spots in the SP maps is found to be 0.04 IQS brighter than in the HMIdcon maps. The considerable influence of scattered light in the HMI maps makes it the least ideal dataset for studying the boundary of spots without a penumbra. The properties at the umbra-penumbra boundary evolve slowly during the sunspot decay stage, while the penumbra still provides some stability. In contrast, they respond more abruptly to areal changes in the naked-spot stage. During the sunspot decay, we find linear decay in the area and in the magnetic flux. Moreover, the umbra shows two characteristic decaying processes: a slow decay during the first three days, and a sudden fast decay during the final dissipation of the penumbra. We find indications of a 3.5 h lag between the dissipation of the vertical fields in the umbral region and the photometric decay of the umbral area.
Conclusions. The differences found in the continuum intensity and in the vertical component of the magnetic field, Bver, between the analysed datasets explain the discrepancies among the Bver values found at the boundaries of umbrae in previous studies.
Combining reference-star and angular differential imaging for high-contrast imaging of extended sources
Authors: Juillard S. , Christiaens V. , Absil O. , Stasevic S. , Milli J. 
Published: June 2024

Context. High-contrast imaging (HCI) is a technique designed to observe faint signals near bright sources, such as exoplanets and circumstellar disks. The primary challenge in revealing the faint circumstellar signal near a star is the presence of quasi-static speckles, which can produce patterns on the science images that are as bright, or even brighter, than the signal of interest. Strategies such as angular differential imaging (ADI) or reference-star differential imaging (RDI) aim to provide a means of removing the quasi-static speckles in post-processing.
Aims. In this paper, we present and discuss the adaptation of state-of-the-art algorithms, initially designed for ADI, to jointly leverage angular and reference-star differential imaging (ARDI) for the direct HCI of circumstellar disks.
Methods. Using a collection of HCI datasets, we assessed the performance of ARDI in comparison to ADI and RDI based on iterative principal component analysis (IPCA). These diverse datasets were acquired under various observing conditions and include the injection of synthetic disk models at various contrast levels. We also considered reference stars with different levels of correlation with the science targets.
Results. Our results demonstrate that ARDI with IPCA improves the quality of recovered disk images and the sensitivity to planets embedded in disks, compared to ADI or RDI individually. This enhancement is particularly pronounced when dealing with extended sources exhibiting highly ambiguous structures that cannot be accurately retrieved using ADI alone, and when the quality of the reference frames is suboptimal, leading to an underperformance of RDI. We finally applied our method to a sample of real observations of protoplanetary disks taken in star-hopping mode, and propose to revisit the protoplanetary claims associated with these disks. Among eight proposed protoplanets claimed through velocity kinks or direct imaging, none of them were re-detected in our new processed images.