bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Translational Applications of Flow Cytometry in Clinical Practice
Authors: Jaye David L. , Bray Robert A. , Gebel Howard M. , Harris Wayne A. C. , Waller Edmund K. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Flow cytometry has evolved over the past 30 y from a niche laboratory technique to a routine tool used by clinical pathologists and immunologists for diagnosis and monitoring of patients with cancer and immune deficiencies. Identification of novel patterns of expressed Ags has led to the recognition of cancers with unique pathophysiologies and treatment strategies. FACS had permitted the isolation of tumor-free populations of hematopoietic stem cells for cancer patients undergoing stem cell transplantation. Adaptation of flow cytometry to the analysis of multiplex arrays of fluorescent beads that selectively capture proteins and specific DNA sequences has produced highly sensitive and rapid methods for high through-put analysis of cytokines, Abs, and HLA genotypes. Automated data analysis has contributed to the development of a “cytomics” field that integrates cellular physiology, genomics, and proteomics. In this article, we review the impact of the flow cytometer in these areas of medical practice.
Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Solutions on Streptococcus mutans in used Toothbrushes
Authors: Bhat Padma K , Sarkar Soumik , Chengappa Sandhya , Bhaskar Nithin N 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeThe objective was to determine the effectiveness of antimicrobial solutions onStreptococcus mutansin used tooth brushes.MethodsSixty children used their toothbrushes twice a day, for seven consecutive days. The toothbrush bristles were then immersed into antimicrobial solutions for 12 hours: Group I-3% neem; group II-5% turmeric; group III-0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride, group IV-0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate. They were then placed into test tubes containing the resultant suspensions were three-fold diluted. Aliquots of 0.1 ml were plated in Mitis Salivarius Agar (enriched with sucrose) using dilution and plating method. Incubation was done in an anaerobic jar for 72 hours at 37°C.ResultsThe results obtained showed that there was 88% reduction in theStreptococcus mutansin the 3% neem group, 86% reduction in the Streptococcus mutans in the 0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride group,78% reduction in theStreptococcus mutansin the 5% turmeric group, 65% reduction in theStreptococcus mutansin the 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate group. The difference between them was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionBacterial contamination of toothbrushes was a major cause of concern. All the antimicrobial solutions used in this study proved to be effective toothbrush decontaminants. The efficacy of 3% neem was highest in our study followed by 0.5% cetylpyridinium chloride, 5% turmeric and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate.How to cite this articleBhat PK, Badiyani BK, Sarkar S, Chengappa S, Bhaskar NN. Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Solutions onStreptococcus mutansin used Toothbrushes. World J Dent 2012;3(1):6-10.
Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Endodontic Sealers on Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro Study
Authors: Kaiwar Anjali , Nadig Gururaj , Hegde Jayashree , Lekha S 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTMicroorganisms invading the root canal system of a tooth may interact with the host tissue and cause pulpo-periapical pathosis. The goals of root canal treatment are to disinfect the root canal system and to prevent subsequent reinfection. The disinfection is attempted with endodontic instruments, irrigants, and medications. Due to the complex canal anatomy, microorganisms can persist even after thorough disinfection regimens are used. After disinfection, the canal is sealed with a root filling material along with sealers. To curtail residual microorganisms, root-filling materials should ideally be bactericidal, as well as biocompatible. In addition, the root filling materials are expected to act as a physical barrier to prevent the leakage of substrate to any residual microorganisms and the ingress of additional microorganisms.The aim of the present study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of various Endodontic sealers on theEnterococcus faecalis.Enterococcus faecalisis a microorganism commonly detected in asymptomatic, persistent endodontic infections. In the changing face of dental care, continued research on E. faecalis and its elimination from the dental apparatus may well define the future of the endodontic specialty.How to cite this articleKaiwar A, Nadig G, Hegde J, Lekha S. Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Endodontic Sealers onEnterococcus faecalis:Anin vitroStudy. World J Dent 2012;3(1):26-31.
Evaluation between Betel Quid and Pan Masala/Gutkha Habitual Chewers with OSMF
Authors: Jayanthi K , Supadminidevi G , Shah Bina 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe increasing use of pan masala/gutkha, a mix of tobacco and a less moist form of betel quid lacking the betel leaf, is associated with an earlier age of onset of oral submucous fibrosis. Hence, current study was conducted to evaluate and compare clinical, histopathological and cytological features of OSMF due to betel quid (BQ) and pan masala/gutkha chewing (PMG).Materials and methodsPatients who had habit of chewing BQ or PMG and who were suffering from OSMF were selected for the study. Buccal mucosal smears were obtained from 30 controls, BQ and PMG chewers. Incisional biopsy was done on buccal mucosa of BQ and PMG chewers. The results were tabulated and statistically analyzed.Results and observationPMG chewing is associated with onset of OSMF at an early age than BQ chewing habit. Relatively large proportion of intermediate cells was present as compared to superficial cells of buccal mucosa in habitual chewers as compared to control. However, intermediate cells capable of proliferation were slightly higher in PMG chewers as compared to BQ chewers. On histopathological examination connective tissue hyalinization is more frequently evident amongst BQ chewers than PMG chewers.ConclusionHabitual chewing of PMG induces OSMF more rapidly than the traditional BQ.How to cite this articleSupadminidevi G, Jayanthi K, Shah B Kamala R. Evaluation between Betel Quid and Pan Masala/ Gutkha Habitual Chewers with OSMF. World J Dent 2012;3(1):37-40.
Simple Technique for Duplicating the Palatal Rugae in the Maxillary Complete Denture
Authors: Ankola Anil , Manvi Supriya 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Palatal rugae contours have a very important role in phonetics. The production of palatolingual group of sound involves the contact between tongue and the palate. For the newly denture wearer the palatal contours easily adapt the tongue to the rugae and in turn shortens or eliminates the adjustment for the phonation. This article describes a simple technique for duplicating the individual palatal rugae patterns in the denture to enhance the speech.

How to cite this article
Manvi S, Ankola A. Simple Technique for Duplicating the Palatal Rugae in the Maxillary Complete Denture. World J Dent 2012;3(1):95-96.
Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor of the Maxilla: Report of a Rare Case and Review of Literature
Authors: Nagaraja A , Anigol Praveen S , Kamath Venkatesh Vishwanath , Setlur Krishnanand P 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) has recently been reclassified by the WHO (2005), as keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT) based on clinical, histological and immunohistochemical parameters. KCOT more commonly occurs in the mandible and cases involving the maxilla are infrequent. We report an unusual and rare case of a KCOT of the maxilla in a middle-aged individual with extensive involvement and displacement of the maxillary third molar to the zygomatic region. A discussion of the parameters involved in the reclassification of the lesion as a tumor is presented alongwith a review of literature.How to cite this articleNagraja A, Anigol PS, Kamath VV, Setlur KP. Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor of the Maxilla: Report of a Rare Case and Review of Literature. World J Dent 2012;3(1):100-108.
Impression Tray Positioning Device in Research Methodology
Authors: Mishra Sunil , Chowdhary Ramesh 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Purpose
In spite of best available impression materials and advanced techniques, we still come across imperfect fit of a dental prosthesis. Selection of impression material is based on the results from the research carried out, hence the accuracy of this research needs to be at the topmost priority, hence a proper research model and methodology has to be followed. The purpose of this paper was to highlight on technique and the device made to meet these requirements.

Method
An in vitro study was done to evaluate the linear dimensional accuracy of commercially available polyvinyl siloxanes of varying viscosities using different impression techniques. A standardized experimental procedure is required to provide identical direction of insertion and removal of the trays that contained the impression material. An impression tray positioning device has been designed and machined in an attempt to meet these requirements.

Conclusion
It was found that putty-wash 2-step techniques with controlled bulk in stock tray found to be as accurate as multiple-mix technique, utilizing heavy viscosity and low viscosity combination in a custom tray and single-mix technique, utilizing medium viscosity in a custom tray.
Air Abrasion: Truly Minimally Invasive Technique
Authors: Farooq Imran , Imran Zonera , Farooq Umer 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Minimally invasive dentistry concept is now an essential part of dental procedures. Many novel materials and techniques have now been developed that are in line with the MI (minimal intervention) philosophy. One such technique is air abrasion. An attempt has been made in this article to cover all the aspects of air abrasion and to remove the misconceptions present about this technique.
Prosthodontic Rehabilitation of an Oral Pemphigus Vulgaris Patient
Authors: Ates Ufuk , Yuzugullu Bulem 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Pemphigus vulgaris is a rare autoimmune mucocutaneous disease with high mortality if untreated. Dental management is complicated due to involvement of oral mucosa, increased risk of oral disease and difficulty in rendering dental care. A male patient with exacerbated characteristics was rehabilitated with full mouth restorations following systemic treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. Owing to the nature of the disease and discomfort in providing adequate oral hygiene measures, dietary intake and masticatory function, it is imperative to rehabilitate the patient with well-designed prosthesis. Although these diseases are relatively uncommon, clinicians must be sufficiently familiar with clinical manifestations to ensure early diagnosis and treatment.
Black to Pink: Clinical Evaluation of Two Different Surgical Approaches for the Treatment of Hyperpigmentation
Authors: Bhatsange Anuradha Gurappa , Japati S 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Background
Gingival hyperpigmentation poses an esthetic concern to many patients. Techniques available to perform these procedures are mucosal stripping by scalpel, bur abrasion, partial thickness flap, gingivectomy, free gingival grafts, by use of chemotherapeutic agents, electrosurgery, cryosurgery and lasers. This paper compares two different surgical approaches for the treatment of hyperpigmentation with their advantages and disadvantages.

Methods
Gingival depigmentation procedure of the maxillary gingiva was carried out by scalpel technique and mandibular gingiva by electrosurgical method.

Results
Both the techniques yielded satisfactory results in eliminating the hyperpigmented areas. Follow-up was done after 1, 2 and 4 weeks and 1 year. At the end of 1 week, patient expressed slight tenderness and discomfort with the mandibular gingiva treated with electrosurgical method. Repigmentation appeared after 1 year on both arches but with less pigmentation on maxillary gingiva compared with mandibular gingiva.

Conclusion
Scalpel technique offers advantage of being easy, effective, less discomfort with esthetically acceptable results in comparison with electrosurgical method.
Effect of Motivation and Trust on Knowledge Sharing and Effect of Knowledge Sharing on Employee’s Performance
Authors: Javadi Mohammad Hossein Moshref , Zadeh Nasim Darvish , Zandi Moeide , Yavarian Javad 
Published: May 2012

Knowledge sharing is a process in which individuals exchange their knowledge (implicit and explicit) and they create new knowledge together. Knowledge is an Unlimited; unfailing and valuable source for organizations that cause to survive in competitive environment and can be used to achieve competitive advantage. We can say that survival power of today’s Organizations is depending on their use of knowledge. Knowledge can be available to individuals and organizations, therefore, there must exit conditions in the organization that people be able to share their knowledge with other individuals. In such situation, organizations can improve employees performance and also organizations performance. Given that the gas company performs and provides services to the citizens, achieving such goals requires employees to have certain knowledge and sharing that with other employees. So the objective of this study is to determine the factors affecting on knowledge sharing (motivation and confidence) and its impact on employees performance in the Gas Company of Kurdistan Province. This study provides a model that includes variables such as motivation, confidence, knowledge sharing and performance in which the first two variables have been studied as the factors affecting on knowledge sharing. Statistical population of this study includes all of the executive employees in the Gas Company of Kurdistan province and statistical sampling included 124 people which were selected randomly. For collection of data a questionnaire was used. The standard questionnaire was used to design questions related to motivation, trust and knowledge sharing and to assess the employee’s performance. The results showed that the factors of motivation and confidence are considered as factors affecting on knowledge sharing behavior and they enhance knowledge sharing, therefor they should be taken into consideration. In addition, the overall indices of model showed that the presented pattern is a good theoretical model for determining the effect of knowledge sharing on employees performance in which the data supported the model. Generally the effect of above factors on knowledge sharing behavior and the effect of knowledge sharing on employees' performance in Gas Company was confirmed. Keywords: Knowledge Sharing, Motivation, Trust, Employees' Performance
Association of vitamin D with cardiometabolic risk factors in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Haque Uzma J. , Bathon Joan M. , Giles Jon T. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveIndividuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Vitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for CVD and metabolic syndrome. Since patients with RA have a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, we investigated the association of vitamin D levels with cardiometabolic risk factors in a cohort of RA patients with no prior history of CVD.MethodsSerum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels were measured among RA patients enrolled in a cohort study of subclinical CVD. The cross‐sectional associations of 25(OH)D levels with traditional CVD risk factors such as insulin resistance (IR; estimated using the homeostatic model assessment [HOMA]), adipokines, markers of systemic inflammation, and endothelial activation were explored, adjusting for pertinent sociodemographic, lifestyle, and RA characteristics.ResultsAmong 179 RA patients, 73 (41%) had a 25(OH)D level <30 ng/ml. Only 23 patients (13%) had a 25(OH)D level ≥45 ng/ml. After adjusting for demographics and body mass index (BMI), 25(OH)D remained significantly associated with high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and inversely associated with HOMA‐IR, fibrinogen, E‐selectin, and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM‐1). Significant associations with HDL cholesterol, E‐selectin, and sICAM‐1 were maintained after adjusting for the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) and autoantibody status. These associations were similar between the groups subdivided by sex, ethnicity, BMI, DAS28 level, and autoantibody status.ConclusionThese data suggest that vitamin D deficiency is common in RA and may be independently associated with several cardiometabolic intermediates in this population.
Muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance, and physical impairment in women with the hypermobility type of Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome
Authors: Rombaut Lies , Malfait Fransiska , De Wandele Inge , Taes Youri , Thijs Youri , De Paepe Anne , Calders Patrick 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate lower extremity muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance, and physical impairment in women with the Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome hypermobility type (EDS‐HT).MethodsForty‐three women with EDS‐HT and 43 sex‐ and age‐matched healthy control subjects participated. Muscle mass was determined by dual x‐ray absorptiometry. Muscle strength and muscle strength endurance were measured with isokinetic dynamometry at angular velocities of 60, 180, and 240°/second. Static muscle endurance during posture maintenance was also assessed. Pain and fatigue were simultaneously evaluated by visual analog scale and the Borg scale, respectively. In addition, the chair rise test for assessment of functional performance and the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales (AIMS) for physical impairment evaluation were used.ResultsCompared to control subjects, EDS‐HT patients showed substantial lower extremity muscle weakness, reflected by significantly reduced knee extensor and flexor muscle strength and endurance parameters, with differences ranging from −30% to −49%; reduced static muscle endurance time; and diminished functional performance. Lower extremity muscle mass was similar in both groups and unlikely to affect the muscle strength results. By contrast, pain and fatigue were omnipresent and increased remarkably due to the tests. Furthermore, the EDS‐HT group was physically impaired, especially in the AIMS domain walking and bending.ConclusionThis study demonstrates severely reduced quantitative muscle function and impairment in physical function in patients with EDS‐HT compared to age‐ and sex‐matched controls. The muscle weakness may be due to muscle dysfunction rather than reduced muscle mass. Whether muscle strength and endurance can be improved by appropriate exercise programs needs evaluation in further studies.
Understanding the Nano‐topography Changes and Cellular Influences Resulting from the Surface Adsorption of Human Hair Keratins
Authors: Taraballi Francesca , Wang Shuai , Li Jian , Lee Fiona Yann Yann , Venkatraman Subbu S. , Birch William R. , Teoh Swee Hin , Boey Freddy Yin Chiang , Ng Kee Woei 
Published: May 2012

AbstractRecent interest in the use of human hair keratins as a biomaterial has grown, fuelled by improvements in keratin extraction methods and better understanding of keratin bioactivity. The use of keratins as a bioactive coating for in vitro cell culture studies is an attractive proposition. In this light, the surface adsorption of human hair keratins onto tissue culture polystyrene surfaces has been investigated. Keratin density, nano‐topography and hydrophobicity of keratin coated surfaces were characterized. To understand the cellular influence of these coated surfaces, murine L929 fibroblasts were cultured on them and evaluated for cytotoxicity, proliferation, metabolic activity and detachment behaviors compared to collagen type 1 coated surfaces. Keratins were deposited up to a density of 650 ng/cm2 when a coating concentration of 80 μg/ml or higher was used. The surface features formed by adsorbed keratins also changed in a coating concentration dependent manner. These surfaces improved L929 mouse fibroblast adhesion and proliferation in comparison to uncoated and collagen type 1 coated tissue culture polystyrene. Furthermore, the expression of fibronectin was accelerated on surfaces coated with solutions of higher keratin concentrations. These results suggest that human hair keratins can be used as a viable surface coating material to enhance substrate compliance for culturing cells.
A Highly Efficient Tandem Reaction of 2‐(gem‐Dibromovinyl)phenols(thiophenols) with Organosilanes to 2‐Arylbenzofurans (thiophenes)
Authors: Liu Jie , Chen Wei , Ji Yong , Wang Lei 
Published: May 2012

Abstract2‐Arylbenzofurans(thiophenes) were prepared through an efficient tandem elimination–intramolecular addition–Hiyama cross‐coupling reaction. In the presence of tetra‐(n‐butyl)ammonium fluoride (TBAF), palladium(II) acetate [Pd(OAc)2] and triphenylphosphine (PPh3), the reaction of 2‐(gem‐dibromovinyl)phenols(thiophenols) with phenyl(trialkoxy)silanes proceeded smoothly and generated the corresponding products with good yields in one‐pot. It should be noted that TBAF plays an important role in the tandem reaction.
Enantiomere Naturstoffe: Vorkommen und Biogenese
Authors: Finefield Jennifer M. , Sherman David H. , Kreitman Martin , Williams Robert M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn der Natur werden chirale Substanzen meist in enantiomerenreiner Form synthetisiert – manchmal entstehen aber auch beide Enantiomere. Solche enantiomeren Naturstoffe können von einer Art oder von verschiedenen Gattungen und/oder Arten gebildet werden. Intensive Forschungen wurden über viele Jahre durchgeführt, um die Biogenese natürlich vorkommender Enantiomere zu verstehen, doch viele faszinierende Rätsel und stereochemische Anomalien sind nach wie vor ungelöst.
Effect of high‐temperature degumming on the constituents and structure of cotton stalk bark fibers
Authors: Zhou Lan , Shao Jian‐Zhong , Feng Xin‐Xing , Chen Jian‐Yong 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe high‐temperature degumming technology of cotton stalk bark fiber was studied, and the effects of the caustic soda concentration on the constituents, structure, and thermal degradation of the cotton stalk bark fiber were examined. The morphology, structure, and thermal degradation of the cotton stalk bark fiber after high‐temperature degumming were investigated through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, and thermogravimetric analysis. The results indicate that the high‐temperature degumming process was effective for removing hemicelluloses and lignin and could improve the thermal stability of the cellulose. The raw and degummed cotton stalk bark fibers both showed the structure of cellulose I, according to the FTIR spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction results. It was interesting to note that the crystallinity and crystallinity index were related to the caustic soda concentration. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012