bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of compost to improve Technosol properties and spontaneous plant-soil relationships of Mediterranean species potentially suitable for urban greening
Authors: Vitale Ermenegilda , Napoletano Pasquale , Colombo Claudio , Arena Carmen , De Marco Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganic-based amendments are promising, eco-friendly solutions among soil requalification strategies. In this context, the current study explored the application of compost to Technosols (2 kg m-2) to improve soil quality, making the substrate suitable for plant growth. Changes in soil quality have been assessed before compost addition (time zero, T0) and plant transplanting and at 2, 4 and 11 months (T2, T4, and T11) after plant establishment. To test the soil suitability for plant growth, we monitored (at T2, T4, and T11) structural and functional ecological traits in the herbaceous spontaneous species Malva sylvestris L. and in transplanted Mediterranean sclerophyllous Phillyrea angustifolia L., and Quercus ilex L., often used in the urban greening, also considering plant and soil relationships. Our study demonstrated that compost increased soil nutrients availability over time, favoring M. sylvestris physiological performance in long-lasting, compared to sclerophyllous, since the beginning of the application. M. sylvestris exhibited high photosynthetic efficiency and carbon investment in photosynthetic tissues (higher leaf area and lower leaf mass per area) on compost-enriched soil. On the other hand, P. angustifolia and Q. ilex, even if they did not benefit from compost addition for photosynthetic efficiency, after 11 months, maintained higher leaf water content despite limited soil water availability. These results encourage the use of compost in ameliorating the quality of Technosols for urban greening, also evidencing that the species’choice is pivotal in obtaining benefits from plants and a period longer than one year is needed for sclerophyllous to see beneficial effects.
Cytology of a seminoma in a koi (Cyprinus carpio): a rapid diagnostic tool
Authors: Pigoli Claudio , Ghisleni Gabriele , Armando Federico , Grieco Valeria , Ghidelli Andrea , Brambilla Eleonora 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKoi(Cyprinus carpio) is an ornamental variety of common carp frequently kept as pets. Given their long lifespan, neoplasia, albeit uncommon, may occur in these animals, and only a few studies have faced their cytological diagnosis. In the present case, a koi carp was referred to the clinicians due to coelomic swelling. The carp underwent surgery, which revealed an enlargement of both testes. Testicular samples were cytologically and histologically examined. The lesion was diagnosed as a seminoma since it was composed of round, large, atypical, and often multinucleated cells with round central nuclei and moderate cytoplasm. These tumors had the same appearance as seminomas in mammals and should be considered among differential diagnoses when coelomic swelling occurs in koi carp. Seminomas in koi carp are diagnosed histologically, but cytology, a rapid and cheap exam executable in all veterinary clinical facilities, could be a relevant preliminary diagnostic tool that may influence the entire diagnostic process.
Optimizing cardiopulmonary rehabilitation duration for long COVID patients: an exercise physiology monitoring approach
Authors: Szarvas Zsofia , Fekete Monika , Szollosi Gergo Jozsef , Kup Katica , Horvath Rita , Shimizu Maya , Tsuhiya Fuko , Choi Ha Eun , Wu Huang-Tzu , Fazekas-Pongor Vince , Pete Kinga Nedda , Cserjesi Renata , Bakos Regina , Gobel Orsolya , Gyongyosi Kata , Pinter Renata , Kolozsvari Dora , Kovats Zsuzsanna , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Owens Cameron D. , Ungvari Zoltan , Tarantini Stefano , Horvath Gabor , Muller Veronika , Varga Janos Tamas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe presence of prolonged symptoms after COVID infection worsens the workability and quality of life. 200 adults with long COVID syndrome were enrolled after medical, physical, and mental screening, and were divided into two groups based on their performance. The intervention group (n = 100) received supervised rehabilitation at Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University with the registration number 160/2021 between 01/APR/2021–31/DEC/2022, while an age-matched control group (n = 100) received a single check-up. To evaluate the long-term effects of the rehabilitation, the intervention group was involved in a 2- and 3-month follow-up, carrying out cardiopulmonary exercise test. Our study contributes understanding long COVID rehabilitation, emphasizing the potential benefits of structured cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in enhancing patient outcomes and well-being. Significant difference was found between intervention group and control group at baseline visit in pulmonary parameters, as forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume, forced expiratory volume, transfer factor for carbon monoxide, transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide, and oxygen saturation (allp < 0.05). Our follow-up study proved that a 2-week long, patient-centered pulmonary rehabilitation program has a positive long-term effect on people with symptomatic long COVID syndrome. Our data showed significant improvement between two and three months in maximal oxygen consumption (p < 0.05). Multidisciplinary, individualized approach may be a key element of a successful cardiopulmonary rehabilitation in long COVID conditions, which improves workload, quality of life, respiratory function, and status of patients with long COVID syndrome.
Five years later, with double the demographic data, naked mole-rat mortality rates continue to defy Gompertzian laws by not increasing with age
Authors: Ruby J. Graham , Smith Megan , Buffenstein Rochelle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is a mouse-sized rodent species, notable for its eusociality and long lifespan. Previously, we reported that demographic aging, i.e., the exponential increase of mortality hazard that accompanies advancing age in mammals and other organisms, does not occur in naked mole-rats (Ruby et al., 2018), a finding that has potential implications for human healthy aging. The demographic data supporting that conclusion had taken over three decades to accumulate, starting with the original rearing of H. glaber in captivity. This finding was controversial since many of the animals in that study were relatively young. In the 5 years following that study, we have doubled our quantity of demographic data. Here, we re-evaluated our prior conclusions in light of these new data and found them to be not only supported but indeed strengthened. We additionally provided insight into the social dynamics of captive H. glaber with data and analyses of body weight and colony size versus mortality. Finally, we provide a phylogenetically proximal comparator in the form of lifespan data from our Damaraland mole-rat (Fukomys damarensis) colony and demographic meta-analysis of those data along with published data from Ansell’s mole-rat (Fukomys anselli). We found Fukomys mortality hazard to increase gradually with age, an observation with inferences on the evolution of exceptional lifespan among mole-rats and the ecological factors that may have accompanied that evolution.
Determining the quality level of ready to-eat stuffed mussels with Arduino-based electronic nose
Authors: Yavuzer Emre , Köse Memduh , Uslu Hasan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, the performance of a pre-designed and low-cost Arduino electronic nose for determining the quality of stuffed mussels was analyzed. In addition, 1000 images were taken on each storage day in order to determine the quality levels of stuffed mussel groups with open and closed shells by machine learning. Freshness limit values of stuffed mussels were determined as 200 for MQ3 and MQ135 sensors and 100 for MQ9 on the 3rd storage day when the total viable count (TVC) value exceeded 3 log CFU/g. In the study, faster neural networks with lower prediction times, such as SqueezeNet and GoogLeNet, were compared with ResNet-50, ResNet-101 and DenseNet-201 neural networks, which have larger prediction times but better accuracy. Study data showed that residual network (ResNet) 50 and Teachable Machine (TM) had high success in determining the quality levels of stuffed mussels.
A question about generalized nonvanishing
Authors: Fontanari Claudio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet $$(X,\Delta )$$

(
X
,
Δ
)

be a projective, $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
-factorial log canonical pair and let L be a pseudoeffective $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
-divisor on X such that $$K_X + \Delta + L$$

K
X

+
Δ
+
L

is pseudoeffective. Is there an effective $${{\mathbb {Q}}}$$
Q
-divisor M on X such that $$K_X + \Delta + L$$

K
X

+
Δ
+
L

is numerically equivalent to M? We are not aware of any counterexamples, but the answer is not completely clear even in the case of surfaces.
Late-Season Irrigation Influences French Fry Color
Authors: T. Francisco Gonzalez , Pavek Mark J. , Knowles N. Richard , Holden Zachary 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGiven the increasing challenges of water scarcity and the stringent quality requirements of the frozen potato-processing industry, this multi-year research trial aimed to determine whether reduced late-season irrigation on potatoes could improve French fry color. The study was conducted near Othello, WA, and was comprised of five irrigation levels: 40%, 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% of modeled evapotranspiration (ET), and five potato cultivars: Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Ranger Russet, Russet Burbank, and Umatilla Russet. Irrigation treatments started 100 to 105 days after planting (DAP), approximately 1500 day degrees (at or near peak canopy growth), and ended at vine kill, 150 to 155 DAP. Fry color was assessed following storage durations of 45 and 90 days after harvest from three storage temperatures of 4.4 °C, 6.7 °C, and 8.9 °C, using a photovolt reflectometer, measuring percent light reflectance, in which higher values represented lighter fries. The study found that reducing late-season irrigation generally improved overall fry color. Fry color improvements were observed in four potato cultivars grown with 20% to 40% less irrigation than the control (100% ET); Ranger Russet exhibited no improvement. Reducing late-season irrigation by more than 40% resulted in darker fries for Clearwater Russet, Russet Burbank, and Umatilla Russet when tubers were stored at 4.4 °C and 6.7 °C. Excess irrigation, greater than 100% ET, generally darkened fries in Alturas, Clearwater Russet, Russet Burbank, and Umatilla Russet. These findings provide valuable guidelines for potato growers, indicating that while reducing late-season irrigation can enhance fry color, the effects may depend on a combination of cultivar, irrigation level, and storage temperature.
Organization and operation of multi particle therapy facilities: the Marburg Ion-Beam Therapy Center, Germany (MIT)
Authors: Zink Klemens , Baumann Kilian Simon , Theiss Ulrike , Subtil Florentine , Lahrmann Sonja , Eberle Fabian , Adeberg Sebastian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The Marburg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (MIT) is one of two particle therapy centers in Germany that enables the treatment of patients with both protons and carbon ions. The facility was build by Siemens Healthineers and is one of only two centers worldwide built by Siemens (Marburg, Germany and Shanghai, China). The present report provides an overview of technical and clinical operations as well as research activities at MIT.

Methods
The MIT was completed in 2011 and uses a synchrotron for accelerating protons and carbon ions up to energies of 250 MeV/u and 430 MeV/u respectively. Three treatment rooms with a fixed horizontal beam-line and one room with a 45 degree beam angle are available.

Results
Since the start of clinical operations in 2015, around 2.500 patients have been treated at MIT, about 40% with carbon ions and 60% with protons. Currently around 400 patients are treated each year. The majority of the patients suffered from benign and malign CNS tumors (around 40%) followed by head and neck tumors (around 23%). MIT is actively involved in clinical studies with its patients. In addition to clinical operations, there is active research at MIT in the fields of radiation biology and medical physics. The focus is on translational research to improve the treatment of H & N carcinomas and lung cancer (NSCLC). Moreover, intensive work is being carried out on the technical implementation of FLASH irradiation for research purposes.

Conclusion
The MIT is one of two centers worldwide that were built by Siemens Healtineers and has been successfully in clinical operation since 2015. The service provided by Siemens is guaranteed until 2030, the future after 2030 is currently under discussion.
Probiotic Efficacy in Aquaculture: The Role of Technospore® (Bacillus coagulans) in Improving Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Performance and Disease Resistance: a Study on Gut Health, Immunological Response, and Gene Expression
Authors: Omar Amira A. , Gado Mohamed S. , Kandel Hamada E. , Farrag Foad A. , Shukry Mustafa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated the effects of Technospore® (Bacillus coagulans) supplementation on intestinal health, immune response, and Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) growth performance. The experiment divided fish into four groups: a control group fed an unsupplemented diet and three experimental groups receiving diets supplemented with 0.2 g/kg, 0.4 g/kg, and 0.8 g/kg of Technospore®, respectively. Results indicated that Technospore® supplementation significantly enhanced growth rates and feed efficiency in all treated groups, with the most pronounced improvements observed in the group receiving 0.4 g/kg. Furthermore, the study revealed that B. coagulans supplementation markedly boosted serum immune responses, as evidenced by increased phagocytic activity, phagocytic index, and lysozyme levels, following a challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila. Histological analysis showed improved gut morphology, while gene expression analysis indicated upregulation of immune-related genes, including liver IGF-1, GHR, HSP70, IL-1β, and TNF-α, as well as spleen TNF-α and IL-1β and intestinal C-lysozyme and TNF-α, both before and after the bacterial challenge. These findings suggest that dietary inclusion of Technospore® can significantly improve gut health and immune responses in tilapia, potentially serving as an effective prophylactic alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture.
Effects of visual flow velocity on cycling experience in virtual reality
Authors: Luttmann Carla , Mayer Manuel , Siebertz Markus , Jost Leonardo , Henze Niels , Jansen Petra 
Published: May 2024

AbstractApplying virtual reality to exercise has revealed mood- and performance-enhancing properties of immersive media. Social–cognitive theory and the Proteus effect suggest that avatar appearance contributes to this relation by eliciting behavioral changes. Attempting to influence exercise parameters without modifying the virtual avatar, the present study investigated the effects of differing visual flow speeds on physiological and perceived effort during aerobic exercise. Eighty-two university students participated in three separate experimental trials. During each trial, a virtual cycling track was presented at one of three velocities (16, 20, 24 km/h) in counterbalanced order, while participants cycled at a moderate intensity for 20 min. Objective and subjective measures of effort and affective states were recorded every five minutes. With increasing visual flow speed, a linear decrease of heart rate, perceived effort, and arousal and a linear increase of valence were expected. Mixed linear model analyses revealed no significant main effect of visual flow speed on any dependent variable. A nonlinear relation between visual flow speed and heart rate was identified through pairwise comparisons between visual flow conditions.
Testing Mindfulness Mechanisms of Action on the Stress and Burnout of Social Workers
Authors: Maddock Alan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Growing evidence suggests that mindfulness-based programmes (MBPs) can reduce stress and burnout among social workers. How MBPs support changes in these outcomes is unclear. This study attempts to identify what some of these mechanisms might be, using the clinically modified Buddhist psychological model (CBPM) as a guiding framework.

Method
This study used data from two randomised controlled trials investigating the impact of MBP participation on social worker stress and burnout. The data from participants (n = 94) who completed a Mindfulness-based Social Work and Self-Care (MBSWSC) programme, or a mindfulness and self-compassion programme (MSC) were combined. Structural equation models were constructed, and conditional direct and indirect effect models of changes in the CBPM domains (mindfulness, self-compassion, attention regulation, acceptance, non-attachment, non-aversion), mediating variables (rumination and worry) and outcomes (stress and burnout) were tested.

Results
The results suggest that CBPM models, through mediated effects on stress, depersonalisation, and personal accomplishment, as well as direct and mediated effects on stress, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalisation, can provide useful frameworks for explaining how MBPs reduce stress and burnout among social workers. This study also found several other significant conditional direct and indirect effects. The pattern of these relationships indicate that multiple outcomes could be improved through different CBPM domains.

Conclusion
This study provides initial evidence on the potential mechanisms through which MBP participation acts to reduce stress and burnout in social workers.

Preregistration
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT05519267 and NCT05538650.
The acceptability and clinical impact of using polygenic scores for risk-estimation of common cancers in primary care: a systematic review
Authors: Dannhauser Faye C. , Taylor Lily C. , Tung Joanna S.L. , Usher-Smith Juliet A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Polygenic scores (PGS) have been developed for cancer risk-estimation and show potential as tools to prompt earlier referral for high-risk individuals and aid risk-stratification within cancer screening programmes. This review explores the potential for using PGS to identify individuals at risk of the most common cancers seen in primary care.

Methods
Two electronic databases were searched up until November 2023 to identify quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods studies that reported on the acceptability and clinical impact of using PGS to identify individuals at highest risk of breast, prostate, colorectal and lung cancer in primary care. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used to assess the quality of included studies and a narrative synthesis was used to analyse data.

Results
A total of 190 papers were identified, 18 of which were eligible for inclusion. A cancer risk-assessment tool incorporating PGS was acceptable to the general practice population and their healthcare providers but major challenges to implementation were identified, including lack of evidence for PGS in non-European ancestry and a need for healthcare provider education in genomic medicine. A PGS cancer risk-assessment had relatively limited impact on psychosocial outcomes and health behaviours. However, for prostate cancer, potential applications for its use in primary care were shown.

Conclusions
Cancer risk assessment incorporating PGS in primary care is acceptable to patients and healthcare providers but there is a paucity of research exploring clinical impact. Few studies were identified, and more research is required before clinical implementation of PGS can be recommended.
Leveraging text mining and analytic hierarchy process for the automatic evaluation of online courses
Authors: Chen Xieling , Xie Haoran , Tao Xiaohui , Wang Fu Lee , Cao Jie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study introduced a multi-criteria decision-making methodology leveraging text mining and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for online course quality evaluation based on students’ feedback texts. First, a hierarchical structure of online course evaluation criteria was formulated by integrating topics (sub-criteria) identified through topic modeling and interpreted based on transactional distance and technology acceptance theories. Second, the weights of the criteria in the hierarchical structure were determined based on topic proportions. Third, the AHP was employed to determine the overall relative advantage of online courses and their relative advantage within each criterion based on the hierarchical framework and criterion weights. The proposed approach was implemented on the datasets of 6940 reviews for knowledge-seeking courses in Art, Design, and Humanities (D1) and 44,697 reviews for skill-seeking courses in Computer Science, Engineering, and Programming (D2) from Class Central to determine ranking positions of nine courses from both D1 and D2 as alternatives. Results revealed common concerns among knowledge and skill-seeking course learners, encompassing “assessment”, “content”, “effort”, “usefulness”, “enjoyment”, “faculty”, “interaction”, and “structure”. The article provides valuable insights into the online course evaluation and selection processes for learners in D1 and D2 groups. Notably, both groups prioritize “effort” and “faculty”, while D2 learners value “assessment” and “enjoyment”, and D1 learners value “usefulness” more. This study demonstrates the efficacy of leveraging online learner reviews and topic modeling for automating MOOC evaluation and informing learners’ decision-making processes.
The Linkage Between Digital Transformation and Organizational Culture: Novel Machine Learning Literature Review Based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Authors: Reisberger Tobias , Reisberger Philip , Copuš Lukáš , Madzík Peter , Falát Lukáš 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganizational culture is a crucial component of innovation in company success, particularly in the setting of the information economy. The purpose of this research is to conduct a bibliometric analysis in order to identify dominant research topics, their potential shifts, and recent developments in the fields of organizational culture and digital transformation. It demonstrates a machine learning–supported method for identifying and segmenting the current state of this research field. The literature was identified from the Scopus database through a search query. The analyzed amount of papers (3065) was published in 1619 sources (journals, proceedings, books, etc.) with various research impacts. Identifying the dominant research topics resulted in eight topics: Social Media Connectivity; Digital Innovation Ecosystems; Socio-economic Sustainability; Digital Workforce Transformation; Digital Competence and Cultural Transformation; Knowledge, Culture, and Innovation; Data and Resource Management; and Digital Transformation Maturity. The results showed a shift in the research field on organizational culture related to digital transformation towards the subject area of business, management, and accounting, with increasing research interest and impact for the Digital Workforce Transformation as well as for the Knowledge, Culture, and Innovation topics.