bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved RF4CE key agreement approach involving two‐phase key distribution for smart‐convergence home device
Authors: Shon Taeshik , Park James J. (Jong Hyuk) , Park Doo‐Soon 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a robust and secure hybrid connectivity framework for ubiquitous convergence in a home environment. The proposed hybrid connectivity framework is based on various consumer electronics and mobile devices with wireless interfaces such as IEEE 802.15.4 (e.g., radio frequency for consumer electronics (RF4CE) or ZigBee) and IEEE 802.11. In particular, this framework involves an RF4CE‐based WiFi zero‐configuration scheme. It simplifies connectivity by means of secure key distribution and a simple WiFi configuration involving WiFi‐capable devices. To validate our framework, we analyzed the system and security performance using real hardware prototypes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An empirical energy model for secure Web browsing over mobile devices
Authors: Sharafeddine Sanaa , Arid Amal El 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTQuantifying and modeling energy consumption in mobile devices are essential for developing energy‐aware protocols and energy reduction techniques. In this work, we address the energy requirements for secure Web browsing sessions over handheld mobile devices. The contributions of this work are twofold. On one hand, we present a detailed study based on experimental measurements to quantify the energy consumed by the mobile device during secure Web browsing sessions. This includes the energy consumed due to data transmission/reception, encryption/decryption, hashing in addition to browser processing. On the other hand, we derive an empirical energy consumption model for secure Web browsing as a function of various protocol and device parameters. The developed model can be utilized to identify the various components that affect energy consumption during secure Web browsing sessions, to implement application‐layer energy models in network simulation tools, and to develop adaptive energy‐aware Web browsing protocols. The effectiveness of the developed model is demonstrated via experimental testing on several secure websites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
P2X receptors in the gut
Authors: Burnstock Geoffrey 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurinergic transmission, which uses ATP and its derivatives as extracellular signaling molecules, is widely distributed throughout all tissues and systems, including the gastrointestinal system. Ionotropic P2X purinoceptors have been identified in various parts of the enteric nervous system, including myenteric, submucosal motor, sensory, and secretomotor neurones, in enteric glial cells and interstitial cells of Cajal. Purinergic mechanosensory transduction, where there is release of ATP from mucosal epithelial cells during distension, stimulating subepithelial nerve endings of intrinsic and extrinsic sensory nerves to modulate peristalsis and initiate nociception. Purinergic signaling in the gut is involved in development, aging, and regeneration of the gut, and the pathophysiology of enteric purinergic signaling in diseases including irritable bowel syndrome, postoperative ileus, esophageal reflux, constipation, diarrhea, diabetes, Chaga's and Hirschprung's diseases. WIREs Membr Transp Signal 2012,1:269–279. doi: 10.1002/wmts.16For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
Purification of Extracted Fatty Acids from the Microalgae Spirulina
Authors: Zheng Guangqi , Li Changmo , Guo Lili , Ruo Wenliang , Wang Shuo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe fatty acid (FA) analysis of microalgae Spirulina was studied by applying accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and followed by purification using solid‐phase extraction (SPE). The objective was to develop a sensitive and reliable purification procedure to remove pigment in lipids co‐extracted from Spirulina. Four extraction solvents were used for the ASE lipids extraction. The extraction efficiency was ranked in the following order: chloroform:methanol > dichloromethane:methanol > ethanol > hexane. The major composition of fatty acids were examined. Hexane and chloroform:methanol were compared for the purification step. The amounts of sorbent (Silica gel H), sample, and the volume of eluent were optimized during SPE procedure. This purification step can successfully remove the pigments from extracted lipids. For 0.1 g algae sample, chloroform:methanol (2:1, v/v) was the optimal extraction solvent, 0.3 g silica gel was the optimal amount of sorbent, with 7 mL for the volume of eluent. For hexane as the extraction solvent, 0.5 g algae sample, 0.3 g silica gel was the optimal amount of sorbent, 5 mL was the optimal volume of eluent. The calibration curve was produced comprised from five samples that contained FAME concentrations which was ranged from 0.1 to 10 mg/L (R2 > 0.99). The recoveries of fatty acids were 67.97–134.37%, 74.20–99.13% and 98.34–115.42%, with standard deviations (SD) of three replicate detections ranged from 1.09 to 8.41%.
Graph accordance of next-generation sequence assemblies
Authors: Yao Guohui , Ye Liang , Gao Hongyu , Minx Patrick , Warren Wesley C. , Weinstock George M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Motivation: No individual assembly algorithm addresses all the known limitations of assembling short-length sequences. Overall reduced sequence contig length is the major problem that challenges the usage of these assemblies. We describe an algorithm to take advantages of different assembly algorithms or sequencing platforms to improve the quality of next-generation sequence (NGS) assemblies.
Results: The algorithm is implemented as a graph accordance assembly (GAA) program. The algorithm constructs an accordance graph to capture the mapping information between the target and query assemblies. Based on the accordance graph, the contigs or scaffolds of the target assembly can be extended, merged or bridged together. Extra constraints, including gap sizes, mate pairs, scaffold order and orientation, are explored to enforce those accordance operations in the correct context. We applied GAA to various chicken NGS assemblies and the results demonstrate improved contiguity statistics and higher genome and gene coverage.
Availability: GAA is implemented in OO perl and is available here: http://sourceforge.net/projects/gaa-wugi/.
Contact: lye@genome.wustl.edu
Cellular Sequestration of Cadmium in the Hyperaccumulator Plant Species Sedum alfredii
Authors: Tian Shengke , Lu Lingli , Labavitch John , Yang Xiaoe , He Zhenli , Hu Hening , Sarangi Ritimukta , Newville Matt , Commisso Joel , Brown Patrick 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Spatial imaging of cadmium (Cd) in the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii was investigated in vivo by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and x-ray microfluorescence imaging. Preferential Cd accumulation in the pith and cortex was observed in stems of the Cd hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE), whereas Cd was restricted to the vascular bundles in its contrasting nonhyperaccumulating ecotype. Cd concentrations of up to 15,000 μg g−1 were measured in the pith cells, which was many fold higher than the concentrations in the stem epidermis and vascular bundles in the HE plants. In the leaves of the HE, Cd was mainly localized to the mesophyll and vascular cells rather than the epidermis. The distribution pattern of Cd in both stems and leaves of the HE was very similar to calcium but not zinc, irrespective of Cd exposure levels. Extended x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy analysis showed that Cd in the stems and leaves of the HE was mainly associated with oxygen ligands, and a larger proportion (about 70% in leaves and 47% in stems) of Cd was bound with malic acid, which was the major organic acid in the shoots of the plants. These results indicate that a majority of Cd in HE accumulates in the parenchyma cells, especially in stems, and is likely associated with calcium pathways and bound with organic acid (malate), which is indicative of a critical role of vacuolar sequestration of Cd in the HE S. alfredii.
Association of the (CA)n repeat polymorphism of insulin‐like growth factor‐I and −202 A/C IGF‐binding protein‐3 promoter polymorphism with adult height in patients with severe growth hormone deficiency
Authors: Miletta Maria Consolata , Scheidegger Ursina A. , Giordano Mara , Bozzola Mauro , Pagani Sara , Bona Gianni , Dattani Mehul , Hindmarsh Peter C. , Petkovic Vibor , Oser‐Meier Monika , Flück Christa E. , Mullis Primus‐E. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryObjective  A number of mathematical models for predicting growth and final height outcome have been proposed to enable the clinician to ‘individualize’ growth‐promoting treatment. However, despite optimizing these models, many patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD) do not reach their target height. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of polymorphic genotypes [CA repeat promoter polymorphism of insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) and the −202 A/C promoter polymorphism of IGF‐Binding Protein‐3 (IGFBP‐3)] on variable growth factors as well as final height in severe IGHD following GH treatment.Design, Patients and Controls  One hundred seventy eight (IGF‐I) and 167 (IGFBP‐3) subjects with severe growth retardation because of IGHD were studied. In addition, the various genotypes were also studied in a healthy control group of 211 subjects.Results  The frequency of the individual IGF‐I (CA)n repeats ranging from 10 to 24, with the most frequent allele containing CA19, was similar in controls and in IGHD subjects. However, in controls, the pooled CA19 and CA20 as well as −202 A IGFBP‐3 alleles were significantly (P < 0·01 and P < 0·001) more common in the taller [≥2 to 0 standard deviation score (SDS)] when compared with the shorter subgroup (<0 to ≤−2 SDS). Overall, the effect of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement did not reveal any difference between the various genotypes in terms of final height. Independent of their genotype, all subjects showed a slightly lower adult height SDS compared with midparental height SDS.Conclusion  Our results indicate that in patients with severe IGHD, although the various IGF‐I and IGFBP‐3 genotypes may play a role in GH responsiveness, there was no effect on final height.
Safety of zoster vaccine in adults from a large managed‐care cohort: a Vaccine Safety Datalink study
Authors: Tseng H. F. , Liu A. , Sy L. , Marcy S. M. , Fireman B. , Weintraub E. , Baggs J. , Weinmann S. , Baxter R. , Nordin J. , Daley M. F. , Jackson L. , Jacobsen S. J. ,   for the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) Team
Published: October 2011

Abstract.  Tseng HF, Liu A, Sy L, Marcy SM, Fireman B, Weintraub E, Baggs J, Weinmann S, Baxter R, Nordin J, Daley MF, Jackson L, Jacobsen SJ, for the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) Team (Kaiser Permanente, Pasadena, CA; Kaiser Permanente, Oakland, CA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; Kaiser Permanente, Portland, OR; HealthPartners Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN; Kaiser Permanente, Denver, CO; and Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Seattle, WA; USA). Safety of zoster vaccine in adults from a large managed‐care cohort: a Vaccine Safety Datalink study. J Intern Med 2012; 271: 510–520.Objectives.  The aim of this study was to examine a large cohort of adults who received the zoster vaccine for evidence of an increased risk of prespecified adverse events requiring medical attention.Design.  Two self‐comparison approaches, including a case‐centred approach and a self‐controlled case series (SCCS) analysis were used.Setting.  Eight managed‐care organizations participating in the Vaccine Safety Datalink project in the United States.Subjects.  A total of 193 083 adults aged 50 and older receiving a zoster vaccine from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2008 were included.Main outcome measures.  Prespecified adverse events were identified by aggregated International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) codes in automated health plan datasets.Results.  The risk of allergic reaction was significantly increased within 1–7 days of vaccination [relative risk = 2.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.87–2.40 by case‐centred method and relative rate = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.85–2.91 by SCCS]. No increased risk was found for the following adverse event groupings: cerebrovascular events; cardiovascular events; meningitis; encephalitis; and encephalopathy; and Ramsay‐Hunt syndrome and Bell’s palsy.Conclusions.  The results of this study support the findings from the prelicensure clinical trials, providing reassurance that the zoster vaccine is generally safe and well‐tolerated with a small increased risk of allergic reactions in 1–7 days after vaccination.
Risk of ischaemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy in patients with haemochromatosis and in their first‐degree relatives: a nationwide, population‐based study
Authors: Elmberg M. , Hultcrantz R. , Simard J. F. , Stål P. , Pehrsson K. , Askling J. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract.  Elmberg M, Hultcrantz R, Simard JF, Stål P, Pehrsson K, Askling J (Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Solna; Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge; Karolinska Institutet, Solna; Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Karolinska University Hospital; Karolinska Institutet, Solna; Sweden). Risk of ischaemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy in patients with haemochromatosis and in their first‐degree relatives: a nationwide, population‐based study. J Intern Med 2012; 272: 45–54.Background  Iron‐loaded macrophages increase atherosclerosis formation. Genetic haemochromatosis (GH) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by iron overload, for example in the myocardium, but the reticuloendothelial system is depleted of iron. In contrast to the elevated risk of cardiomyopathy in GH, the risk of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) may therefore not be increased. Little is known of these risks among heterozygotes also being first‐degree relatives (FDRs), thus sharing other factors for phenotypic expression of GH.Objective  To assess the risks of IHD and cardiomyopathy among haemochromatosis patients and their FDRs.Design  Population‐based cohort study.Setting and subjects  A total of 3531 haemochromatosis patients and 11 794 FDRs were identified using nationwide, population‐based health and census registers. Matched (1:10) population controls were randomly selected. Individuals with a record of IHD and cardiomyopathy during 1997–2005 were identified through linkage with the National Patient Register. Relative risks were estimated using Cox proportional hazard regression.Results  Of the 3531 patients, 259 were diagnosed with IHD compared with 3077 of the 37 369 controls [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03–1.33]. Based on 30 patients versus 115 controls, the HR for cardiomyopathy was 3.21 (95% CI, 2.15–4.81). Of 11 794 FDRs of haemochromatosis patients, 582 were registered with IHD compared with 6197 among FDRs of controls (HR = 1.05; 95% CI, 0.97–1.15). Based on 28 FDRs of patients versus 291 FDRs of controls registered with cardiomyopathy, the HR for cardiomyopathy was 1.06 (95% CI, 0.72–1.56).Conclusions  In patients with haemochromatosis, the increased risk of cardiomyopathy is much more pronounced than that of IHD, which is barely elevated. FDRs of haemochromatosis patients are not at increased risk of cardiomyopathy or IHD.
Therapeutic Effects of Combination Using Glucosamine Plus Tacrolimus (FK‐506) on The Development of Atopic Dermatitis‐Like Skin Lesions in NC/Nga Mice
Authors: Kim C.‐H. , Cheong K. A. , Park C. D. , Lee A.‐Y. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTacrolimus (FK‐506) has been found to exhibit potent inhibitory effects on spontaneously developed dermatitis. We previously showed that glucosamine prevents the development of Atopic dermatitis (AD)‐like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. The aims of our study were to investigate the synergistic therapeutic efficacy of combination of glucosamine plus FK‐506 in dermatophagoides farina (Df)‐induced AD‐like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice and to determine the underlying therapeutic mechanisms. The Df‐induced NC/Nga mice with a clinical score of 8 were used for treatment with glucosamine (500 mg/kg) alone, FK‐506 (1.0 mg/kg) or in combination. The synergistic effects of combination therapy were evaluated by dermatitis scores, skin histology and immunological parameters such as IgE, Th2‐mediated cytokines and chemokines, CD3+ T cells and CLA+ T cells. Combined therapy using glucosamine plus FK‐506 improved the development of AD‐like skin lesions as exemplified by a significant decrease in total skin symptom severity scores. The suppression of dermatitis by combined therapy was accompanied by a decrease in the plasma level of IgE and in the splenic level of IL‐5, IL‐13, TARC and eotaxin. Histological finding indicated that the dermal infiltration of inflammatory cells including mast cells and eosinophils was greatly reduced. Particularly, immunohistological evaluation reveals a reduction in CD3+ T cells and CLA+ cells in the combined therapy. Our findings suggest that combination therapy of glucosamine plus FK‐506 was more synergistic efficacy than single‐modality treatment with either alone to improve the development of established dermatitis in NC/Nga mice model. This combined immunosuppressive therapy may provide an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of AD.
Elongator complex is critical for cell cycle progression and leaf patterning in Arabidopsis
Authors: Xu Deyang , Huang Weihua , Li Yang , Wang Hua , Huang Hai , Cui Xiaofeng 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThe mitotic cell cycle in higher eukaryotes is of pivotal importance for organ growth and development. Here, we report that Elongator, an evolutionarily conserved histone acetyltransferase complex, acts as an important regulator of mitotic cell cycle to promote leaf patterning in Arabidopsis. Mutations in genes encoding Elongator subunits resulted in aberrant cell cycle progression, and the altered cell division affects leaf polarity formation. The defective cell cycle progression is caused by aberrant DNA replication and increased DNA damage, which activate the DNA replication checkpoint to arrest the cell cycle. Elongator interacts with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and is required for efficient histone 3 (H3) and H4 acetylation coupled with DNA replication. Levels of chromatin‐bound H3K56Ac and H4K5Ac known to associate with replicons during DNA replication were reduced in the mutants of both Elongator and chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF‐1), another protein complex that physically interacts with PCNA for DNA replication‐coupled chromatin assembly. Disruptions of CAF‐1 also led to severe leaf polarity defects, which indicated that Elongator and CAF‐1 act, at least partially, in the same pathway to promote cell cycle progression. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Elongator is an important regulator of mitotic cell cycle, and the Elongator pathway plays critical roles in promoting leaf polarity formation.
Reproductive Performance is Improved During Seasonal Anoestrus when Female and Male Murciano–Granadina Goats Receive Melatonin Implants and in Payoya Goats when Females are thus Treated
Authors: Zarazaga LA , Gatica MC , Celi I , Guzmán JL 
Published: October 2011

ContentsThis work investigates whether the reproductive performance of Mediterranean goats achieved using melatonin implants at around the spring equinox is affected by the protocol followed, i.e. implanting females only, males only, both sexes or neither sex. In a first experiment, Murciano–Granadina females (n = 419, 510 and 631 for three consecutive years) were divided into four groups: treated with melatonin (FM) and not treated with melatonin (FC), mounted by males treated with melatonin (MM) or not (MC). In a second experiment, performed during 2009, the same protocols were used with 635 Payoya females and the results compared with those obtained for the same year for the Murciano–Granadina breed. Fertility (percentage of goats kidding), litter size (number of kids born per female kidded) and productivity (number of kids per female in each mating group) were calculated. In the first experiment, better reproductive performances were obtained when females (overall fertility: 71.1% vs 57.0% for the FM and FC animals; productivity 1.37 ± 0.04 kids per female vs 1.12 ± 0.03 kids per female for the FM and FC animals; p < 0.01) or males (overall fertility: 65.9% vs 58.4 for the MM and MC animals; productivity 1.28 ± 0.03 kids per female vs 1.13 ± 0.04 kids per female for MM and MC groups, respectively; p < 0.01) were implanted with melatonin. Moreover, the interaction sex × melatonin treatment had a significant effect (p < 0.05) on productivity. In the second experiment, for the Murciano–Granadina breed, the greatest increase in the number of kids born per female was obtained when the females were treated with melatonin, in either the FM/MC or FM/MM protocols (0.54 extra kids and 0.53 extra kids per female, respectively) (p < 0.01). In the Payoya breed, the greatest increase was obtained using the FM/MC protocol (0.19 extra kids per female). Thus, improved reproductive performances are obtained when female Murciano–Granadina and Payoya goats are implanted with melatonin, although important differences in reproductive performance are seen between the breeds.
Effect of gelatinase inhibition on adipogenesis and adipose tissue development
Authors: Van Hul M , Bauters D , Himmelreich U , Kindt N , Noppen B , Vanhove M , Lijnen HR 
Published: October 2011

Summary1. The potential of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor ABT‐518 to affect pre‐adipocyte differentiation in vitro and adipose tissue development in vivo was investigated using mouse models of adipogenesis and obesity.2. Differentiation of 3T3‐F442A pre‐adipocytes into mature adipocytes was enhanced in a dose‐dependent manner by the addition of ABT‐518 (0–100 μmol/L). This was associated with increased expression of the adipogenic markers adipocyte fatty acid‐binding protein 2 (AP2), peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ and adiponectin.3. Feeding 5‐week‐old male wild‐type mice with a high‐fat diet, with or without ABT‐518 (to achieve a dose of 100 mg/kg per day), for 16 weeks resulted in a significant reduction in bodyweight throughout the experimental period. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that the lipid : water ratio was significantly lower in ABT‐518‐treated mice. The total weight of isolated subcutaneous or gonadal fat depots did not differ significantly following ABT‐518 treatment, but adipocyte and blood vessel size were significantly reduced in the gonadal fat.4. Administration of ABT‐518–2 (100 mg/kg per day for 10 weeks) to 5‐week‐old male wild‐type mice with established obesity maintained on a high‐fat diet had no effect on total bodyweight at the end of the experiment, but was associated with reduced blood vessel size in the fat depots.5. Thus, the MMP inhibitor ABT‐518 stimulates differentiation of 3T3‐F442A pre‐adipocytes in vitro. It mildly reduces bodyweight gain in a murine model of diet‐induced obesity, but does not affect established obesity.