bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar-Powered Electric Vehicles: Enhancing Endurance and Sustainability through Photovoltaic Integration
Authors: Ogunrinola I. E. , Udechukwu C. J. , Akinyemi M. L. , Oladapo O. F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The potential of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology as a transformative and sustainable energy solution in the context of global energy challenges is explored in this work. The advancements in solar PV technology, including innovative cell architectures like heterojunction and Passivated Emitter Rear Contact (PERC) cells, the emergence of perovskite solar cells, and the influence of roll-to-roll manufacturing processes are discussed in this paper. The paper also highlights the diversification of energy portfolios, enhanced energy system reliability, resilient energy infrastructure, energy security, and the profound environmental benefits associated with solar PV technology. The results of a performance study involving a prototype electric vehicle, both with and without integrating a solar panel as an alternative energy source are noted. The findings reveal a substantial increase in the vehicle’s endurance when the solar panel is incorporated, emphasizing the transformative potential of solar PV in reshaping energy systems, mitigating environmental hazards, and promoting responsible land use. The work underscores the ongoing journey towards a cleaner and more resilient energy future, empowered by the harnessing of solar energy.
Organellar phylogenomics at the epidendroid orchid base, with a focus on the mycoheterotrophic Wullschlaegelia
Authors: Barrett Craig F , Pace Matthew C , Corbett Cameron W , Kennedy Aaron H , Thixton-Nolan Hana L , Freudenstein John V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
Heterotrophic plants have long been a challenge for systematists, exemplified by the base of the orchid subfamily Epidendroideae, which contains numerous mycoheterotrophic species.

Methods
Here we address the utility of organellar genomes in resolving relationships at the epidendroid base, specifically employing models of heterotachy, or lineage-specific rate variation over time. We further conduct comparative analyses of plastid genome evolution in heterotrophs and structural variation in matK.

Key Results
We present the first complete plastid genomes (plastomes) of Wullschlaegelia, the sole genus of the tribe Wullschlaegelieae, revealing a highly reduced genome of 37 kb, which retains a fraction of the genes present in related autotrophs. Plastid phylogenomic analyses recovered a strongly supported clade composed exclusively of mycoheterotrophic species with long branches. We further analysed mitochondrial gene sets, which recovered similar relationships to those in other studies using nuclear data, but the placement of Wullschlaegelia remains uncertain. We conducted comparative plastome analyses among Wullschlaegelia and other heterotrophic orchids, revealing a suite of correlated substitutional and structural changes relative to autotrophic species. Lastly, we investigated evolutionary and structural variation in matK, which is retained in Wullschlaegelia and a few other ‘late stage’ heterotrophs and found evidence for structural conservation despite rapid substitution rates in both Wullschlaegelia and the leafless Gastrodia.

Conclusions
Our analyses reveal the limits of what the plastid genome can tell us on orchid relationships in this part of the tree, even when applying parameter-rich heterotachy models. Our study underscores the need for increased taxon sampling across all three genomes at the epidendroid base, and illustrates the need for further research on addressing heterotachy in phylogenomic analyses.
Discharging Care Orders in England and Wales: A New Typology of Applications and Outcomes
Authors: Roy Jessica , Staines Jo , Stone Beth , Macdonald Gillian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A care order represents one of the most significant state interventions in England and Wales. The end of a care order is equally important, often meaning a withdrawal of statutory support and monitoring, and children returning home to birth parent(s), living with kinship carers or living independently. Despite its importance, little is known about the discharge of care orders. This article reports on the findings of the first study of the discharge of care orders in England and Wales. Casefile data from 323 children’s records were analysed using descriptive and bivariate statistical analysis. Qualitative data from the same records were collected and analysed thematically. Interviews and focus groups were also held with forty-one professionals involved in discharge. Based on the findings, this article reports on a new typology of discharge applications. The typology represents six distinctly different types of application varying on: process and application outcome; length of proceedings; applicant motivation and age and views of the child. The typology developed indicates that differentiated legal and social work processes may be needed to better meet the needs of children and families. This article concludes by presenting recommendations for policy, practice and research in this field.
‘Something Mythic’:  The power of shared stories in Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire
Authors: Hardy Clara Shaw 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Kamila Shamsie’s (2017) novel Home Fire draws on Sophocles’ Antigone for its plot, but neither requires familiarity with, nor explicitly references, the tragedy. This article attempts to build a specific case for the effects of attending to the intertext by focusing on Shamsie’s complex treatment of Antigone’s punishment and its consequences in Sophocles. Reading the novel’s denouement in conversation with that of the tragedy suggests questions about higher authority and checks on political power in the world of the novel. I argue that shared stories in the novel exert a force analogous to that of Sophocles’ gods in that they authorize moral judgments; attention to the intertext enacts the same experience for readers of the novel that shared stories do for characters within the novel.
Joint ERS/EACTS/ESTS clinical practice guidelines on adults with spontaneous pneumothorax
Authors: Walker Steven , Hallifax Robert , Ricciardi Sara , Fitzgerald Deirdre , Keijzers Marlies , Lauk Olivia , Petersen Jesper , Bertolaccini Luca , Bodtger Uffe , Clive Amelia , Elia Stefano , Froudarakis Marios , Janssen Julius , Lee Y C Gary , Licht Peter , Massard Gilbert , Nagavci Blin , Neudecker Jens , Roessner Eric , Van Schil Paul , Waller David , Walles Thorsten , Cardillo Giuseppe , Maskell Nick , Rahman Najib 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The optimal management for spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) remains contentious, with various proposed approaches. This joint clinical practice guideline from the ERS, EACTS and ESTS societies provides evidence-based recommendations for the management of SP.

METHODS
This multidisciplinary Task Force addressed 12 key clinical questions on the management of pneumothorax, using ERS methodology for guideline development. Systematic searches were performed in MEDLINE and Embase. Evidence was synthesised by conducting meta-analyses, if possible, or narratively. Certainty of evidence was rated with GRADE (Grading, Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). The Evidence to Decision framework was used to decide on the direction and strength of the recommendations.

RESULTS
The panel makes a conditional recommendation for conservative care of minimally symptomatic patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) who are clinically stable. We make a strong recommendation for needle aspiration over chest tube drain for initial PSP treatment. We make a conditional recommendation for ambulatory management for initial PSP treatment. We make a conditional recommendation for early surgical intervention for the initial treatment of PSP in patients who prioritise recurrence prevention. The panel makes a conditional recommendation for autologous blood patch in secondary SP patients with persistent air leak (PAL). The panel could not make recommendations for other interventions, including bronchial valves, suction, pleurodesis in addition to surgical resection or type of surgical pleurodesis.

CONCLUSIONS
With this international guideline, the ERS, EACTS and ESTS societies provide clinical practice recommendations for SP management. We highlight evidence gaps for the management of PAL and recurrence prevention, with research recommendations made.

Shareable Abstract
This update of an ERS Task Force statement from 2015 provides a concise comprehensive update of the literature base. 24 evidence-based recommendations were made for management of pneumothorax, balancing clinical priorities and patient views.https://bit.ly/3TKGp9e
A chromosome-level genome assembly of the disco clam, Ctenoides ales
Authors: McElroy Kyle E , Masonbrink Rick , Chudalayandi Sivanandan , Severin Andrew J , Serb Jeanne M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The bivalve subclass Pteriomorphia, which includes the economically important scallops, oysters, mussels, and ark clams, exhibits extreme ecological, morphological, and behavioral diversity. Among this diversity are five morphologically distinct eye types, making Pteriomorphia an excellent setting to explore the molecular basis for the evolution of novel traits. Of pteriomorphian bivalves, Limida is the only order lacking genomic resources, greatly limiting the potential phylogenomic analyses related to eyes and phototransduction. Here, we present a limid genome assembly, the disco clam, Ctenoides ales (C. ales), which is characterized by invaginated eyes, exceptionally long tentacles, and a flashing light display. This genome assembly was constructed with PacBio long reads and Dovetail Omni-CTM proximity-ligation sequencing. The final assembly is ∼2.3Gb and over 99% of the total length is contained in 18 pseudomolecule scaffolds. We annotated 41,064 protein coding genes and reported a BUSCO completeness of 91.9% for metazoa_obd10. Additionally, we report a complete and annotated mitochondrial genome, which also had been lacking from Limida. The ∼20Kb mitogenome has 12 protein coding genes, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNA genes, and a 1,589 bp duplicated sequence containing the origin of replication. The C. ales nuclear genome size is substantially larger than other pteriomorphian genomes, mainly accounted for by transposable element sequences. We inventoried the genome for opsins, the signaling proteins that initiate phototransduction, and found that, unlike its closest eyed-relatives, the scallops, C. ales lacks duplication of the rhabdomeric Gq-protein-coupled opsin that is typically used for invertebrate vision. In fact, C. ales has uncharacteristically few opsins relative to the other pteriomorphian families, all of which have unique expansions of xenopsins, a recently discovered opsin subfamily. This chromosome-level assembly, along with the mitogenome, is a valuable resource for comparative genomics and phylogenetics in bivalves and particularly for the understudied but charismatic limids.
The RT M184V resistance mutation clearance in the reservoir is mainly related to CD4 nadir and viral load zenith independently of therapeutic regimen type
Authors: Teyssou Elisa , Soulie Cathia , Fauchois Antoine , Palich Romain , Nouchi Agathe , Sayon Sophie , Abdi Basma , Wirden Marc , Katlama Christine , Pourcher Valérie , Marcelin Anne-Geneviève , Calvez Vincent 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesResistance associated mutations (RAMs) are archived in the HIV reservoir and can re-emerge with an inappropriate ART use limiting treatment options. However, recent studies, using ultra-deep sequencing (UDS), showed a decrease of quasispecies harbouring RAMs, suggesting that recycling some antiretrovirals could be considered. The aim of this study was to characterize, in HIV treated PLWHIV, the M184V mutation decrease kinetics in proviral DNA and associated factors of M184V mutation clearance over time.MethodsUDS was performed on HIV-DNA from blood cells at different time points to quantify the percentage of M184V positive quasispecies. The sequence reads were analysed with a minimum coverage set at 50 and an ambiguity filter at 5% or 2%.ResultsAt 2.5 years after the first time point, the M184V lost was observed in 50% of PLWHIV. Moreover, univariate analyses highlight that a higher nadir CD4 count and a lower zenith HIV1 RNA viral load were correlated with a faster clearance of the mutation. In multivariate analysis, a higher zenith was negatively associated with the M184V clearance at the 5% threshold. Interestingly, lamivudine/emtricitabine presence in the ART therapy regiment during the 5 years was not associated with the persistence of the M184V.ConclusionsOur study provides new information concerning the clearance speed of M184V mutation over time in PLWHIV with fully suppressed viremia, opens the discussion about the duration needed to consider a lamivudine/emtricitabine recycling and reinforces the association of the nadir and zenith values with the M184V mutation clearance.
The association of body composition phenotypes before chemotherapy with epithelial ovarian cancer mortality
Authors: Davis Evan W , Attwood Kristopher , Prunier Joseph , Paragh Gyorgy , Joseph Janine M , Klein André , Roche Charles , Barone Nancy , Etter John Lewis , Ray Andrew D , Trabert Britton , Schabath Matthew B , Peres Lauren C , Cannioto Rikki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The association of body composition with epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) mortality is poorly understood. To date, evidence suggests that high adiposity is associated with decreased mortality (an obesity paradox), but the impact of muscle on this association has not been investigated. Herein, we define associations of muscle and adiposity joint-exposure body composition phenotypes with EOC mortality.

Methods
Body composition from 500 women in the Body Composition and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Survival Study was dichotomized as normal or low skeletal muscle index (SMI), a proxy for sarcopenia, and high or low adiposity. Four phenotypes were classified as fit (normal SMI and low adiposity; reference; 16.2%), overweight or obese (normal SMI and high adiposity; 51.2%), sarcopenia and overweight or obese (low SMI and high adiposity; 15.6%), and sarcopenia or cachexia (low SMI and low adiposity; 17%). We used multivariable Cox models to estimate associations of each phenotype with mortality for EOC overall and high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC).

Results
Overweight or obesity was associated with up to 51% and 104% increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC [Hazard Ratio (HR)] = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.19 and HR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.29 to 3.21). Sarcopenia and overweight or obesity was associated with up to 66% and 67% increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC (HR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13 to 2.45 and HR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.68). Sarcopenia or cachexia was associated with up to 73% and 109% increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.14 to 2.63 and HR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.25 to 3.50).

Conclusions
Overweight or obesity, sarcopenia and overweight or obesity, and sarcopenia or cachexia phenotypes were each associated with increased mortality in EOC and HGSOC. Exercise and dietary interventions could be leveraged as ancillary treatment strategies for improving outcomes in the most fatal gynecological malignancy with no previously established modifiable prognostic factors.
TESS light-curve modelling and period study of four eclipsing binaries
Authors: Yang Yuangui , Wang Shuang 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
We reported the light curves (LCs) and orbital period variations of four short-period eclipsing binaries in the Southern hemisphere. From short-cadence time-series observations of the TESS, the intrinsic light changes rapidly with time. Δmmax and Δmmin exhibit random wave-like variations or quasi-periodicities. We deduced 14 sets of photometric solutions from the truncated LCs using the W-D programme. The results imply that V757 Cen and BC Gru are near-contact binaries, whose one or two components almost fill the Roche lobes with $f\gt 98{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$. Meanwhile, V535 Ara and AQ Tuc are A-subtype contact binaries. The asymmetric LCs were modelled by a cool spot assumed on a more massive component, which was used to track the stellar longitudes of star-spots. Based on all available eclipsing times (ETs), including 1495 ones from TESS LCs, the orbital period variations of four binaries were analysed. The (O − C) curves are coincidentally demonstrated by the light-time effect via the presence of the third bodies. The modulation periods approximate to 50 ∼ 60 yr. In the coplanar orbit with the central binaries, the third companions’ masses are 0.105 M⊙ for V757 Cen, 0.340 M⊙ for BC Gru, 0.238 M⊙ for V535 Ara, and 0.343 M⊙ for AQ Tuc, whose systems are stable according to Harrington’s criterion. Therefore, the four short-period eclipsing binaries, V757 Cen, BC Gru, V535 Ara, and AQ Tuc are hierarchical triple stellar systems.
Safety of sarilumab in a Japanese population with rheumatoid arthritis by age group: Data from an interim analysis of a postmarketing surveillance study
Authors: Kameda Hideto , Tasaka Sadatomo , Takahashi Toshiya , Suzuki Katsuhisa , Soeda Naoki , van Hoogstraten Hubert , Diab Remco , Tanaka Yoshiya 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Using data from a postmarketing surveillance, this interim subgroup analysis investigated the safety of sarilumab in younger (&lt;65 years) and older patients (≥65 and ≥75 years) with rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods
During this interim analysis, patients who were treated with sarilumab in Japan were enrolled between June 2018 and 2021. Data collected by 12 January 2022 were analysed, with adverse drug events monitored over 52 weeks.

Results
Of 972 patients with available data, the proportion of patients aged &lt;65 years, ≥65 years, and ≥75 years was 40.8%, 59.2%, and 27.8%, respectively. Most patients (95.5%) received the standard 200 mg dose of sarilumab as the initial dose. Adverse drug reactions were reported in 24.6% of patients, with serious events accounting for 6.4% of cases. No malignancy and low incidences of adverse drug reactions of special interest were reported across all age groups (&lt;65 years, 7.8%; ≥65 years, 8.2%; ≥75 years, 8.5%). When stratified by absolute neutrophil count above and below the lower limit of normal, there were no numerical differences in incidences of serious and non-serious infections between age groups.

Conclusions
Regardless of age, sarilumab therapy was well tolerated by patients with rheumatoid arthritis, with no new safety signals reported in this study.
Clinical importance of anti-Ro52 antibody in polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Authors: Sugita Toshiki , Tsuboi Hiroto , Sugita Naoki , Akiyoshi Rai , Kuroda Yuki , Kawashima Akira , Kawashima Fumina , Tabuchi Daiki , Honda Fumika , Ohyama Ayako , Abe Saori , Kitada Ayako , Asashima Hiromitsu , Miki Haruka , Hagiwara Shinya , Kondo Yuya , Matsumoto Isao 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To clarify the clinical features of anti-Ro52 antibody (Ab)-positive polymyositis (PM)/dermatomyositis (DM).

Methods
We retrospectively examined the clinical features and status of anti-Ro52 Abs in patients with PM/DM admitted to the University of Tsukuba Hospital between January 2019 and February 2023. We compared the anti-Ro52 Ab-positive and anti-Ro52 Ab-negative groups.

Results
A total of 40 patients were selected and analysed. Twenty-three cases were PM, and 17 cases were DM (including six clinically amyopathic DM). Twenty-two cases were positive for anti-Ro52 Ab, 14 for anti-ARS Ab, and 6 for anti-MDA5 Ab. Interstitial lung disease was detected in 29 cases, nine of which were rapidly progressive. Glucocorticoid-resistant cardiomyopathy was detected in six cases. Of the 22 anti-Ro52 Ab-positive cases, only 3 were single-positive and the remaining 19 cases simultaneously had other autoantibodies. Comparing the anti-Ro52 Ab-positive and anti-Ro52 Ab-negative groups, the frequencies of anti-ARS Ab positivity (63.6% vs. 0%), interstitial lung disease (95.5% vs. 44.4%), glucocorticoid-resistant cardiomyopathy (27.3% vs. 0%), concomitant use of immunosuppressants (95.5% vs. 55.6%), and levels of C-reactive protein were significantly higher in the anti-Ro52 Ab-positive group (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions
Anti-Ro52 Abs were frequently positive in PM/DM, and may be useful as a severity marker.
Novel binuclear copper(II) complexes with sulfanylpyrazole ligands: synthesis, crystal structure, fungicidal, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activity
Authors: Akhmetova Vnira R , Akhmadiev Nail S , Gubaidullin Aidar T , Samigullina Aida I , Glazyrin Andrey B , Sadykov Rais A , Ishmetova Diana V , Vakhitova Yulia V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
New binuclear copper(II) [Cu(II)] tetraligand complexes (six examples) with sulfanylpyrazole ligands were synthesized. Electron spin resonance (ESR) studies have shown that in solution the complexes are transformed to the mononuclear one. Fungicidal properties against Candida albicans were found for the Cu complexes with benzyl and phenyl substituents. An in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic properties of Cu chelates against HEK293, Jurkat, MCF-7, and THP-1 cells identified the Cu complex with the cyclohexylsulfanyl substituent in the pyrazole core as the lead compound, whereas the Cu complex without a sulfur atom in the pyrazole ligand had virtually no cytotoxic or fungicidal activity. The lead Cu(II) complex was more active than cisplatin. Effect of the S-containing Cu complex on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution has been investigated as well.
The open society and the future of political philosophy
Authors: Messina J P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper defends traditional political philosophy against the challenges Gaus leverages against it in The Open Society and Its Complexities. Granting Gaus that consensus on the principles of political philosophy is not forthcoming and that complexity undermines many of our most ambitious reform efforts, the paper argues that much work remains for political philosophy as it has been practiced for centuries. This is for three reasons. First, Gaus's own defense of the open society requires resources from the very traditions that he tends to dismiss. Secondly, the kinds of reform Gaus encourages us to focus on in light of complexity presuppose answers to philosophical questions, answers that philosophers have long attempted to provide. Thirdly, not all politically salient philosophical questions are aimed at action guidance. Despite the value in Gaus's analysis, I conclude that political philosophy's future will look, at least in part, like its storied past.
The gender (tax) gap in parental transfers. Evidence from administrative inheritance and gift tax data
Authors: Tisch Daria , Schechtl Manuel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study examines how inheritance and gift taxation, in combination with gendered parental transfer behavior, exacerbate gender wealth inequalities. Tax systems can help reproduce gender differences if men and women benefit differently from tax exemptions. This might happen when men and women receive different types of assets, only some of which are tax exempt. To investigate gendered parental transfer behavior and gendered tax rates, we draw on German administrative data on inheritance and gift taxation. Women are less likely than men to receive parental transfers, the value of such transfers tend to be lower, and women tend to receive different types of asset. Moreover, we identify a gender tax gap of 2% for inheritances and 22% for gifts. Our analyses suggest that men benefit more from tax exemptions on business assets. This study adds the tax system as another factor implicated in the reproduction of gender wealth inequalities.