bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) Infection Requiring Hospitalization of Elderly Spanish Adults
Authors: Paño‐Pardo José Ramón , Viasus Diego , Pachón Jerónimo , Campins Antoni , López‐Medrano Francisco , Villoslada Aroa , Gutiérrez‐Cuadra Manuel , Pumarola Tomás , del Toro María Dolores , Oteo José A. , Martínez‐Montauti Joaquin , Gutiérrez‐Aroca Juan , Segura Ferrán , Carratalà Jordi ,   for the Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Study Group of the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases
Published: April 2012

ObjectivesTo describe the clinical presentation and prognosis of elderly adults hospitalized with pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza infection and to compare these data with those of younger patients.DesignProspective, observational, multicenter study.SettingThirteen hospitals in Spain.ParticipantsAdults admitted to the hospital with confirmed pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) influenza infection.MeasurementsDemographic, clinical, laboratory, radiological, and outcome variables.ResultsBetween June 12 and November 10, 2009, 585 adults with confirmed 2009 A(H1N1) influenza were hospitalized, of whom 50 (8.5%) were aged 65 and older (median age 72, range 65–87). Older adults (≥65) were more likely to have associated comorbidities (88.0% vs 51.2%; P < .001), primarily chronic pulmonary diseases (46.0% vs 27.3%; P < .001). Lower respiratory tract symptoms and signs such as dyspnea (60.0% vs 45.6%) and wheezing (46.0% vs 27.8%; P = .007) were also more common in these elderly adults, although pulmonary infiltrates were present in just 14 (28.0%) of the older adults, compared with 221 (41.3%) of the younger adults (P = .06). Multilobar involvement was less frequent in elderly adults with pulmonary infiltrates than younger adults with pulmonary infiltrates (21.4% vs 60.0%; P = .05). Rhinorrhea (4.0% vs 21.9%; P = .003), myalgias (42.0% vs 59.1%; P = .01), and sore throat (14.0% vs 29.2%; P = .02) were more frequent in younger adults. Early antiviral therapy (<48 hours) was similar in the two groups (34.0% vs 37.9%; P = .58). Two older adults (4.0%) died during hospitalization, compared with 11 (2.1%) younger adults (P = .30).ConclusionElderly adults with 2009 A(H1N1) influenza had fewer viral‐like upper respiratory symptoms than did younger adults. Pneumonia was more frequent in younger adults. No significant differences were observed in hospital mortality.
Effects of Multimodal Nondrug Therapy on Dementia Symptoms and Need for Care in Nursing Home Residents with Degenerative Dementia: A Randomized‐Controlled Study with 6‐Month Follow‐Up
Authors: Luttenberger Katharina , Donath Carolin , Uter Wolfgang , Graessel Elmar 
Published: April 2012

ObjectivesTo determine the efficacy of multimodal, nondrug therapy on symptoms of dementia and need for care in institutionalized individuals with degenerative dementia.DesignRandomized, controlled, longitudinal trial. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression.SettingFive German nursing homes.ParticipantsOne hundred thirty‐nine nursing home residents with primary degenerative dementia (Mini‐Mental State Examination score < 24).InterventionThe 6‐month intervention comprised three components: motor stimulation, activities of daily living, and cognitive stimulation (MAKS). Groups of 10 patients led by two therapists participated in the standardized intervention for 2 hours, 6 days a week. The intervention was described in detail in an intervention manual. Adherence to the manual was high. Controls received treatment as usual.MeasurementsOverall geriatric symptoms were recorded using the Nurses' Observation Scale for Geriatric Patients, functional independence using the Barthel Index, and care time using the Resource Utilization in Dementia—Formal Care.ResultsOf 646 individuals screened, 146 were eligible, and 130 were included in the intention‐to‐treat analysis. At 6 months, results of the per‐protocol analysis (n = 119) showed improvement in overall dementia symptoms in the MAKS group and no change in the control group (adjusted mean difference (AMD) = −6.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −10.3 to −3.3; P < .001, Cohen d = 0.66). This effect was greatest on the social behavior (AMD = −1.9, 95% CI = −2.9 to −0.8; P < .001; Cohen d = 0.54) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) (AMD = −1.4, 95% CI = −2.5 to −0.30; P = .01; Cohen d = 0.43) subscales. No effect was seen on functional independence or total care time.ConclusionThis 6‐month nondrug multimodal intervention improved dementia symptoms in nursing home residents, especially in social behavior and IADL capabilities.Registrationwww.isrctn.com Identifier: ISRCTN87391496.
In Vitro Comparison of Fracture Strength of Experimental Hollow and Solid Design Zirconia Dowels
Authors: Özkurt Zeynep , Baybora Kayahan Mehmet , Kazazoğlu Ender 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPurpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the fracture strength of experimental hollow and solid design zirconia dowels.Materials and Methods: Three types of dowels (fiber‐reinforced composite [FRC], hollow design, and solid design zirconia dowels) were tested in the study (n = 10). A three‐point bending method was conducted, and a load was applied until fracture. The values were recorded as Newtons (N) and then converted to megapascals (MPa) according to the diameter of the dowels. Statistical analyses were performed using one‐way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. The significance was set at p < 0.05.Results: The mean fracture strength of the hollow design zirconia dowels was significantly higher (960.72 MPa) than solid zirconia dowels (741.78 MPa) and FRC dowels (687.64 MPa) (p < 0.05).Conclusions: The hollow design zirconia dowel seems to have sufficient fracture strength for anterior restorations. This design may be beneficial to access the apical region when retreatment is necessary, without any dowel‐removing procedure.
Arthroscopic Approach and Intraarticular Anatomy of the Stifle inSouthAmerican Camelids
Authors: Pentecost Rebecca L. , Niehaus Andrew J. , Santschi Elizabeth 
Published: April 2012

ObjectiveTo describe a cranial arthroscopic approach to the stifle ofSouthAmerican camelids and to report our clinical experience with camelid stifle arthroscopy.Study DesignExperimental study and retrospective case series.Animals(1) Cadaveric alpaca hindlimbs (n = 18; 9 alpacas); (2) 1 alpaca and 1 llamaMethodsPolymethylmethacrylate joint casts (n = 2) were made to define stifle joint dimensions. Cadaveric stifle joints (n = 16) were evaluated arthroscopically to determine arthroscopic portal locations, describe the intraarticular anatomy, and report potential complications. An alpaca and a llama with stifle joint disease had diagnostic arthroscopy.ResultsSuccessful entry into the stifle joint was achieved in 16 cadaver limbs. Observed structures were: the suprapatellar pouch, articular surface of the patella, femoral trochlear ridges and groove, cranial aspect of the femoral condyles (n = 16); distal aspect of the cranial and proximal aspect of the caudal cruciate ligaments (14); and cranial aspects of the medial and lateral menisci (11), and cranial meniscotibial and intermeniscal ligaments (8). Stifle arthroscopy allowed for joint evaluation and removal of osteochondral fragments in 1 alpaca and 1 llama with naturally occurring stifle disease. Complications of cadaver or live procedures included minor cartilage scoring (3 stifles) and subcutaneous periarticular fluid accumulation (8 stifles).ConclusionsArthroscopy provides a safe approach for diagnosis and treatment of stifle lesions inSouthAmerican camelids.
Creating the Global Graduate: A Cross‐Cultural Videoconferencing Case Study
Authors: Ferry Diane L. , Kydd Christine T. , Boyles Corinne 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTBusiness people in multinational environments must deal with a variety of situational barriers and cultural differences, such as time zones, languages, and common practice differences. Learning to accommodate these barriers and differences effectively often takes years of practice. Students who experience some of these barriers and become aware of some of the cultural differences while still in school have the advantage of beginning their practice early. Classroom to classroom videoconferencing (VC) provides an excellent discovery, or active, learning opportunity for business students to interact with, and learn more about, other's cultural similarities and differences. This article presents a case study that describes the videoconferencing interactions experienced by Japanese and U.S. undergraduate business students conducted in three successive years with three different sets of students on each side. In each year, students report learning a great deal about each other's cultures through the discovery learning process; at the same time, faculty learned that some types of discussion vehicles work better than others. Implications for how best to provide a cross‐cultural experience via videoconferencing for students who will soon be in the international workforce are discussed.
Applying the International Medical Graduate Program Model to Alleviate the Supply Shortage of Accounting Doctoral Faculty*
Authors: HassabElnaby Hassan R. , Dobrzykowski David D. , Tran Oanh Thikie 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTAccounting has been faced with a severe shortage in the supply of qualified doctoral faculty. Drawing upon the international mobility of foreign scholars and the spirit of the international medical graduate program, this article suggests a model to fill the demand in accounting doctoral faculty. The underlying assumption of the suggested model is that there is enough qualified international accounting doctoral scholars who are willing to work in the United States because of natural and artificial benefits, such as the existence of national innovation, knowledge‐intensive clusters system, favorable working conditions, and career and earning prospects. A 10‐week International Accounting Post‐Doctoral Program (IAPDP) is designed to prepare academically competent international accounting faculty to be qualified to work in the United States at AACSB International‐accredited institutions. A survey was employed to examine the viability of the proposed model. Our results indicate that qualified international accounting doctoral scholars are interested in the suggested model and the nondoctoral U.S. accounting programs will represent the major job market for these IAPDP graduates. This article should be of interest to accounting educators, business schools, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA), the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB) International, and the American Accounting Association (AAA).
Spatial Heterogeneity, Social Capital, and Rural Larceny and Burglary
Authors: Deller Steven , Deller Melissa 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe explore the role of social capital in explaining patterns of rural larceny and burglary crime rates. We find consistent evidence that higher levels of social capital tend to be associated with lower levels of rural property crime rates. We also find that there is significant spatial heterogeneity in the underlying data‐generating process. This spatial heterogeneity suggests that relying on global estimates from classical statistical methods, such as least squares, may lead to erroneous policy recommendations at the local level. We suggest that some of the inconsistencies in the ecological empirical criminology literature might be explained by spatial heterogeneity.
Hepatic miR‐29ab1 expression modulates chronic hepatic injury
Authors: Kogure Takayuki , Costinean Stefan , Yan Irene , Braconi Chiara , Croce Carlo , Patel Tushar 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, regulatory non‐coding RNAs that have potent effects on gene expression. Several miRNA are deregulated in cellular processes involved in human liver diseases and regulation of cellular processes. Recent studies have identified the involvement of miR‐29 in hepatic fibrosis and carcinogenesis. Although several targets of miR‐29 have been identified, there is limited information regarding the cell‐type specific roles of miR‐29 in the liver, and we sought to evaluate the role of this miRNA in hepatic pathobiology. We report the generation of a tissue–specific knockout mouse to evaluate the role of miR‐29 in hepatic fibrosis and carcinogenesis in response to injury. We hypothesized that miR‐29 contributes to the hepatocyte driven response to chronic cellular injury that results in fibrosis. In support of this hypothesis, fibrosis and mortality were enhanced in miR29 knockout mice in response to carbon tetrachloride. Genome‐wide gene expression analysis identified an over‐representation of genes associated with fibrosis. The oncofetal RNA H19 was modulated in a miR‐29 dependent manner following exposure to carbon tetrachloride in vivo. The impact of a hepatocyte specific miR‐29 knockout on survival following chronic hepatic injury in vivo implicates this miRNA as a potential target for intervention. These results provide evidence of the involvement of miR‐29 in chronic hepatic injury, and suggest a role for deregulated hepatocyte expression of miR‐29 in the response to hepatic injury, fibrosis and carcinogenesis.
The periodontium of periodontitis patients contains citrullinated proteins which may play a role in ACPA (anti‐citrullinated protein antibody) formation
Authors: Nesse Willem , Westra Johanna , van der Wal Jacqueline E. , Abbas Frank , Nicholas Anthony P. , Vissink Arjan , Brouwer Elisabeth 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAimTo determine the presence and location (stroma versus epithelium) of citrullinated proteins in periodontitis tissue as compared to non‐periodontitis tissue and synovial tissue of RA patients.Materials & MethodsPeriodontitis, healthy periodontal and RA‐affected synovial tissue samples were collected in addition to buccal swabs. These samples were stained for the presence of citrullinated proteins using polyclonal (Ab5612) and monoclonal (F95) antibodies. Furthermore, Western blotting with F95 was performed on lysates prepared from periodontal and synovial tissues.ResultsIn periodontitis stroma, increased citrullinated protein presence (80%) was observed compared with control stroma (33%), the latter was associated with inflammation of non‐periodontitis origin. Periodontal epithelium always stained positive for Ab5612. Noteworthy, only periodontitis‐affected epithelium stained positive for F95. All buccal mucosal swabs and 3 of 4 synovial tissue samples stained positive for both Ab5612 and F95. Western blotting with F95 showed presence of similar citrullinated proteins in both periodontitis and RA‐affected synovial tissue.ConclusionWithin the periodontal stroma, citrullination is an inflammation‐depended process. In periodontal epithelium, citrullination is a physiological process. Additional citrullinated proteins are formed in periodontitis, apparently similar to those formed in RA‐affected synovial tissue. Periodontitis induced citrullination may play a role in the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis.
A systematic review on the frequency of advanced recession following single immediate implant treatment
Authors: Cosyn Jan , Hooghe Nele , De Bruyn Hugo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPurposeIt has been stated that midfacial recession is common following immediate implant treatment (IIT). The objective of this systematic review was to assess the frequency of advanced recession (>1 mm) following single IIT.Material and methodsAn electronic search in Pubmed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Oral Health Group Specialized Trials Register database was performed using a search algorithm. Reference lists of relevant articles were also scrutinized to identify prospective studies on ≥10 implants installed in patients with an intact buccal bone wall and followed for ≥12 months. Study eligibility and quality were independently assessed by two investigators. Primary outcome variables were advanced inter‐proximal and midfacial recession defined as soft tissue loss surpassing 1 mm between the pre‐ or postoperative status and the final re‐assessment.ResultsThirteen of 171 papers were selected. Inter‐examiner agreement on eligibility (κ = 0.879; p < 0.001) and quality (κ = 0.788; p < 0.001) was high. Advanced inter‐proximal recession was described in 0–27% of the cases. However, these data were only based on two studies. Mean inter‐proximal recession was frequently reported (11/13) and was <1 mm in all studies suggesting limited risk for advanced inter‐proximal recession. Advanced midfacial recession was described in 0–64% of the cases. Again, few papers provided such information (4/13). Only one of these studies demonstrated high risk for advanced midfacial recession (>10%). This could be attributed to the fact that implants had not been restored with an immediate implant crown, which seems of pivotal importance given the results of a randomized controlled trial reporting on the preserving effect of immediate provisionalization on midfacial mucosa level. There is limited evidence to support an increased risk for midfacial recession following flap surgery and in patients with a thin‐scalloped gingival biotype. The impact of implant‐specific parameters on inter‐proximal and midfacial soft tissue level seems conflicting.ConclusionsSoft tissue recession may be expected following IIT and multiple factors seem to contribute to the phenomenon. Taking into account the paucity of papers, patients with an intact buccal bone wall and thick gingival biotype, treated by means of flapless surgery and an immediate implant crown may demonstrate limited risk for advanced midfacial recession (<10%). Proper risk assessment addressing diagnostic, surgical and restorative aspects is mandatory to avoid compromised outcome of IIT.
Sodium tetrachloropalladate for diagnosing palladium sensitization
Authors: Muris Joris , Kleverlaan Cornelis J. , Rustemeyer Thomas , von Blomberg Mary E. , van Hoogstraten Ingrid M. W. , Feilzer Albert J. , Scheper Rik J. 
Published: April 2012

Background. Exposure to palladium (Pd) may lead to clinical allergic reactions. With frequent nickel (Ni) exposure and cross‐reactivity between Ni and Pd at the T cell recognition level, positive Pd reactions on patch testing are surprisingly uncommon. PdCl2 is often used for epicutaneous patch testing.Objectives. To compare the sensitivity and specificity of sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2PdCl4) and PdCl2 for Pd patch testing in metal‐allergic patients and non‐allergic controls.Methods. Twenty‐six metal‐allergic patients and 26 non‐allergic controls were selected on the basis of detailed medical histories. Patch test results were used to determine the diagnostic performance of the two Pd salts as compared with NiSO4.Results. With three outliers in both groups, the sensitivity/specificity were calculated to be 42%/96% for PdCl2, 65%/92% for Na2PdCl4, and 77%/92% for NiSO4. Furthermore, of all (n = 19) Na2PdCl4 reactors, 17 (89%) also showed positive reactions to NiSO4. Conversely, of all (n = 22) NiSO4 reactors, 17 (77%) showed concomitant positive reactions to Na2PdCl4.Conclusions. Positive test reactions to Na2PdCl4 are confirmed by large‐scale concordant reactions to PdCl2 and NiSO4. Although statistical significance was not reached, the increased sensitivity has important clinical relevance, as false‐positive results are rare. Incorporation of Na2PdCl4 into standard and/or dental screening patch test series is suggested.
The importance of plant life form on spatial associations along a subtropical coastal dune gradient
Authors: Castanho Camila T. , Oliveira Alexandre A. , Prado Paulo Inácio 
Published: April 2012

AbstractQuestionsDoes the spatial association between isolated adult trees and understorey plants change along a gradient of sand dunes? Does this association depend on the life form of the understorey plant?LocationCoastal sand dunes, southeast Brazil.MethodsWe recorded the occurrence of understorey plant species in 100 paired 0.25 m2 plots under adult trees and in adjacent treeless sites along an environmental gradient from beach to inland. Occurrence probabilities were modelled as a function of the fixed variables of the presence of a neighbour, distance from the seashore and life form, and a random variable, the block (i.e. the pair of plots). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) were fitted in a backward step‐wise procedure using Akaike's information criterion (AIC) for model selection.ResultsThe occurrence of understorey plants was affected by the presence of an adult tree neighbour, but the effect varied with the life form of the understorey species. Positive spatial association was found between isolated adult neighbour and young trees, whereas a negative association was found for shrubs. Moreover, a neutral association was found for lianas, whereas for herbs the effect of the presence of an adult neighbour ranged from neutral to negative, depended on the subgroup considered. The strength of the negative association with forbs increased with distance from the seashore. However, for the other life forms, the associational pattern with adult trees did not change along the gradient.ConclusionsFor most of the understorey life forms there is no evidence that the spatial association between isolated adult trees and understorey plants changes with the distance from the seashore, as predicted by the stress gradient hypothesis, a common hypothesis in the literature about facilitation in plant communities. Furthermore, the positive spatial association between isolated adult trees and young trees identified along the entire gradient studied indicates a positive feedback that explains the transition from open vegetation to forest in subtropical coastal dune environments.
Current Findings Regarding Zirconia Implants
Authors: Depprich Rita , Naujoks Christian , Ommerborn Michelle , Schwarz Frank , Kübler Norbert R. , Handschel Jörg 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTPurpose: The present article aims to analyze the available clinical data on the survival and success rate of dental zirconia implants (ZI).Material and Method: Studies (2006–2011) listed in the bibliography were obtained by using the key words “zirconia, zirconium, implants, dental, clinical” and combinations of these in different databases and on the internet. These articles served as a basis for the article.Results: A total of 17 clinical studies were found, involving 1,675 implants and 1,274 patients. In 16 studies, one‐piece implant systems were investigated. The survival rates for ZI range from 74–98% after 12–56 months, with success rates between 79.6–91.6% 6–12 months after prosthetic restoration. However, the design of most of the studies show considerable shortcomings, and only low evidence level.Conclusion: The small number of studies and the limited period of observation permit only a qualified statement on the clinical success of ZI. The results available to date indicate that ZI are inferior to titanium implants (TI) with regard to survival and success rates. Well‐conducted long‐term studies are urgently needed to permit a meaningful assessment of the survival or success rates of ZI and a statement concerning their application as an alternative to TI.
Rewriting English Literary History 1042–1215
Authors: Faulkner Mark 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe last 10 years have seen a swathe of revisionary scholarship on the afterlife of Old English texts in the 12th century. This article places this research beside work on the earliest Middle English texts and contemporary writing in Latin and French to suggest that the time is now ripe for a new, synthetic literary history of the period. In particular, the article identifies three key aspects of post‐Conquest literary culture which have been neglected because they chafe against the conventional paradigms of literary history, with its expectation of a literature national, monolingual and constantly original. The 12th‐century norms, by contrast, were regionalism, multilingualism, and the habitual recycling of older texts. Medievalists must insist these differences should inform wider discussions about the form and purpose of literary history in the 21st century.