bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biofunctionalization of Spherical and Anisotropic Bimetallic Nanomaterials
Authors: Prosperi Davide , Polito Laura , Morasso Carlo , Monti Diego 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionSpherical Core‐Shell Bimetallic NanoparticlesAgCore/AushellNanoparticlesAuCore/AgshellNanoparticlesSilver Enhancement of Gold NanoparticlesDNA‐Assisted Synthesis of Core‐Shell NanoparticlesBiofunctionalization for the Construction of Core‐Shell Bimetallic NanostructuresAnisotropically Shaped Nanoparticles: Nanorods and NanowiresSurface ModificationsNW/NRFunctionalization with Protein MoleculesNW/NRFunctionalization byDNADetection and SensingProfunctional Bimetallic AlloysDendrimer‐Encapsulated Bimetal NanoparticlesSurface Stabilization by Ligand ExchangeDNAMetallizationMiscellaneousOutlook
Multielemental Nanorods (Nanowires): Synthesis, Characterization and Analytical Applications
Authors: Lin Yang‐Wei , Lin Zong‐Hong , Huang Chih‐Ching , Chang Huan‐Tsung 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMetallic nanomaterials have become one of the most fascinating materials in modern sciences, mainly because of their unique optical, electronic, magnetic and catalytic properties. They have been widely used in many fields, including sensing, separation, catalysis, drug delivery, electronics and optics. Unlike spherical nanomaterials, nanorods have interesting anisotropic properties that are highly dependent on their aspect ratios and compositions. In order to provide multifunctional properties, multielemental nanorods have been prepared. In this chapter, we focus on the preparation, physical and chemical properties, as well as the analytical applications of multielemental nanorods. Several advanced synthetic approaches in aqueous and organic phases are briefly discussed. The absorption, emission, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering effect, magnetic properties and catalytic effect of the multielemental nanorods are provided to demonstrate their great practicality in sensing and catalysis. Bioconjugated strategies for improving the selectivity of multielemental nanorods toward analytes of interest are briefly reviewed. We highlight the potential of multielemental nanorods in analytical applications. The advantages and disadvantages of various multielemental nanorods in separation and detection of analytes, cells and bacteria of interest are also emphasized.
Spherical and Anisotropic Nonmagnetic Core‐Shell Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Asefa Tewodros , Anan Abhishek , Duncan Cole , Xie Youwei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroduction: Core‐Shell Nanomaterials and Their Biological/Medical ApplicationsNonmagnetic Core‐Shell NanomaterialsSynthesis of Cores in Core‐Shell NanostructuresMetal CoresMetal Oxide CoresPolymeric CoresSemiconductor CoresDeposition of Shells over the Core NanomaterialsTypes of Core‐Shell NanomaterialMetal–Insulator Core‐Shell NanomaterialsMetal‐Dense Metal Oxide Core‐Shell NanomaterialsMetal‐Functionalized Metal Oxide Core‐Shell NanoparticlesMetal–Porous Metal Oxide Core‐ShellMetal–Polymer Core‐Shell NanoparticlesHollow Metal–Metal Oxide Shells by Controlled Core‐DissolutionMetal Core–Dendrimer Core‐Shell NanoparticlesMetal Core–Semiconducting Metal Oxide Shell NanoparticlesInsulator–Metal Core‐Shell NanomaterialsMetal Oxide–Metal Core‐Shell NanostructuresPolymer–Metal Core‐Shell NanostructuresInsulator–Insulator Core‐Shell NanoparticlesPolymer–Metal Oxide Core‐Shell NanomaterialsPolymer–Polymer Core‐Shell NanomaterialsBiomolecule (Protein) Core–Polymer Shell Core‐Shell NanoparticlesMetal Oxide–Metal Oxide Core‐Shell NanomaterialsMetal Oxide–Dye‐Doped Silica and Dye‐Doped Silica–Metal Oxide Core‐Shell NanostructuresMetal Oxide–Polymer Core‐Shell NanoparticlesOther Inorganic Materials Cores: Metal Oxide ShellsSemiconductor–Insulator Core‐Shell NanomaterialsSemiconductor–Semiconductor Core‐Shell NanomaterialsSemiconductor–Semiconductor–Dendrimer Core‐Shell‐Shell NanoparticlesInsulator–Semiconductor Core‐Shell NanomaterialsMetal–Metal Core‐ShellInsulator–Metal Core‐Shell NanoparticlesCarbon‐Containing Core‐Shell NanomaterialsMetal Oxide–Carbon Core‐Shell NanoparticlesOther Carbon‐Containing Core‐Shell NanomaterialsSynthetic Methods to Create Core‐Shell Nanomaterials, and their CharacterizationsApplicationsApplications in Biology and MedicineBioimaging and ImmunoassayDrug or Biomolecular Delivery VehiclesCore‐Shell Nanomaterials for CatalysisConclusions and Future ProspectsAcknowledgments
Spherical and Anisotropic Silica Shell Nanomaterials
Authors: Lai Chih‐Wei , Hsiao Jong‐Kai , Chen Yu‐Chun , Chou Pi‐Tai 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionSilica‐Coated Metal NanoparticlesNoble Metal Nanoparticles: An OverviewSol–Gel method for Silica CoatingSilica Shell for BiofunctionalizationApplication of Silica‐Coated Metal NanoparticlesSilica Shell Modified with OligonucleotidesSurface‐EnhancedRaman Scattering EffectEnhanced Luminescence IntensityCoating Silica Gold NanorodsSilica‐Encapsulated PlatinumSilica‐Coated Quantum DotsThe Advantages of CoatingQDswith SilicaDifferent Types of Silica‐CoatedQDsHydrophobicQDsHydrophilicQDsSilica‐Encapsulated Magnetic NanoparticlesSilica‐Coated Alloy Metal NanoparticlesSilica‐Coated Magnetic Metal Oxide NanoparticlesApplications of Silica‐Coated Magnetic NanoparticlesForming Hybrid Materials with Optic Materials DopantHollow Silica Spherical StructuresAu and Pt Nanoparticles in Hollow SpheresConclusions
Spherical and Anisotropic Core‐Shell and Alloy Nanomaterials: Characterization UsingX‐Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Sarma Loka Subramanyam , Chou Hung‐Lung , Cheng Ming‐Yao , Taufany Fadlilatul , Lai Feng‐Ju , Tsai Meng‐Che , Chang Shih‐Hong , Hwang Bing‐Joe 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNanomaterials, either of the core‐shell or alloy type, have attracted significant attention due to their promising use in a host of biomedical applications such as bioimaging, biosensing, drug delivery and cell labeling. Although nanomaterials with well‐controlled surface properties and structures can be synthesized and, to a certain extent, also characterized, understanding and validating the structure–property relationships of these materials for biomedical applications requires rigorous characterization techniques. Due to the complexity of most biological environments, the introduction of nanomaterials characterization techniques that can provide useful information on surface structure, atomic distribution, segregation and composition is critical in developing new systems with improved properties. During the past two decades,X‐ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS) has been actively employed in investigating the structural aspects of nanomaterials and, in many instances, can provide useful information over many characterization techniques. In this chapter we provide an overview of the current research and developments in applying XAS techniques to the characterization of spherical and anisotropic core‐shell and alloy nanomaterials. The importance of understanding the structure and surface properties of nanomaterials, and the capabilities of XAS in developing nanostructured materials, are also discussed.
Anisotropic Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Applications
Authors: Han Wei‐Qiang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionSynthesis ofBNNanotubesIntroductionArc DischargeLaser AblationCarbon Nanotubes‐Substitution ReactionChemical Vapor DepositionSolid–Gas ReactionLow‐Temperature AutoclavingPore‐TemplateArc‐Jet PlasmaBNNT‐Based Nano‐ObjectsFilledBNNTsFunctionalizedBNNTsPorousBNandBNMeshDirect Pyrolyzing Borazinic PrecursorsUse of Mesoporous MoldsCarbon Template‐Substitution ReactionBNMono‐ or Few‐Layer SheetsPhysical Properties ofh‐BNApplicationsPharmaceutical Table LubricantCosmetic Materials10BNNTsfor Cancer Therapy and DiagnosticsBNNTCompositesGas AdsorptionElectrical NanoinsulatorsUltraviolet Lasers andLEDsBNas Support for CatalystsConcluding RemarksAcknowledgments
Spherical and Anisotropic Boron Nitride Nanomaterials: Synthesis and Characterization
Authors: Tang Chengchun , Li Yangxian 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this chapter we describe the recent achievements in the synthesis and characterization of boron nitride (BN) nanomaterials with spherical and anisotropic (nanotube and nanowire) structures, and pay special attention to the methods of their preparation and mechanisms of formation. In particular, the latest breakthroughs in the investigation of spherical structures and the synthetic difficulties are highlighted. A wide range of potential uses for these materials, involving their mechanical, thermal, chemical, electric and gas absorption properties are also outlined, together with details of applications in the life sciences, based on recent pioneering studies of the interaction of BN nanotubes with biomolecules.
Natural history of Christianson syndrome
Authors: Schroer Richard J. , Holden Kenton R. , Tarpey Patrick S. , Matheus Maria Giselle , Griesemer David A. , Friez Michael J. , Fan Jane Zheng , Simensen Richard J. , Strømme Petter , Stevenson Roger E. , Stratton Michael R. , Schwartz Charles E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractChristianson syndrome is an X‐linked mental retardation syndrome characterized by microcephaly, impaired ocular movement, severe global developmental delay, hypotonia which progresses to spasticity, and early onset seizures of variable types. Gilfillan et al.2008] reported mutations in SLC9A6, the gene encoding the sodium/hydrogen exchanger NHE6, in the family first reported and in three others. They also noted the clinical similarities to Angelman syndrome and found cerebellar atrophy on MRI and elevated glutamate/glutamine in the basal ganglia on MRS. Here we report on nonsense mutations in two additional families. The natural history is detailed in childhood and adult life, the similarities to Angelman syndrome confirmed, and the MRI/MRS findings documented in three affected boys. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Giant axonal neuropathy caused by compound heterozygosity for a maternally inherited microdeletion and a paternal mutation within the GAN gene
Authors: Buysse Karen , Vergult Sarah , Mussche Silke , Groote Chantal Ceuterick‐de , Speleman Frank , Menten Björn , Lissens Willy , Van Coster Rudy 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDifferent missense, nonsense and frameshift mutations in the GAN gene encoding gigaxonin have been described to cause giant axonal neuropathy, a severe early‐onset progressive neurological disease with autosomal recessive inheritance. By oligonucleotide array CGH analysis, we identified a 57–131 kb microdeletion affecting this gene in a patient with developmental delay, ataxia, areflexia, macrocephaly, and strikingly frizzy hair. The microdeletion was inherited from the mother and mutation analysis revealed a paternally inherited missense mutation c.1456G>A in exon 9 on the other allele. Our findings illustrate the power of higher resolution array CGH studies and highlight the importance of considering copy number variations in autosomal recessive diseases. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
X‐linked hereditary hemihypotrophy hemiparesis hemiathetosis
Authors: Reese James , Aldinger Kimberly A. , Dobyns William B. , Gripp Karen W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHereditary hemihypotrophy hemiparesis hemiathetosis syndrome (HHHH; OMIM 306960) was first reported in a family with congenital left hemiplegia in two males and moderately affected females. We describe a family with three males demonstrating congenital right hemiplegia with porencephalic lesions of the left internal capsule and putamen, or the periventricular white matter just above the internal capsule. Clinical findings within each family are limited to the same side, though sidedness differed between families. Both pedigrees were most consistent with X‐linked inheritance. Genome‐wide linkage analysis in our family further supports a locus for HHHH on chromosome X. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tibial developmental field defect in valproic acid embryopathy: Report on three cases
Authors: Alessandri J.L. , Isidor B. , David A. , Martin‐Coignard D. , Ghazouani J. , Ramful D. , Laville J.M. , Le Caignec C. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPrenatal exposure to valproic acid (VA) is associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations, especially limb defects like radial ray defects. Tibial developmental field defect in VA embryopathy remains exceptional. We report on three patients presenting with tibial hypo/aplasia associated with either femoral bifurcation or radial ray defect following prenatal exposure to VA. Femoral bifurcation and tibial agenesis has been described in the Gollop–Wolfgang complex and in the tibial agenesis‐ectrodactyly syndrome. Tibial agenesis has also been reported in VACTERL association. The relation between prenatal exposure to VA and tibial agenesis is discussed. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elsahy–Waters syndrome: Evidence for autosomal recessive inheritance
Authors: Castori Marco , Cascone Piero , Valiante Michele , Laino Luigi , Iannetti Giorgio , Hennekam Raoul C.M. , Grammatico Paola 
Published: October 2010

AbstractElsahy–Waters or branchioskeletogenital syndrome is a rare MCA/MR syndrome characterized by moderate mental retardation, hypospadias and characteristic craniofacial morphology, which includes brachycephaly, facial asymmetry, exotropia, hypertelorism/telechantus, broad nose, concave nasal ridge, underdeveloped midface, prognathism, and radicular dentin dysplasia. Here we report on a 44‐year‐old woman and her 45‐year‐old brother, born to consanguineous parents, who show a striking resemblance to the earlier described patients. The hitherto reported patients were male and in one pedigree parents were consanguineous. The present report of an affected woman and her brother, born to consanguineous parents, supports autosomal recessive inheritance of this condition. We provide a short review of all previously reported patients with Elsahy–Waters syndrome and related entities. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A novel homozygous Arg222Trp missense mutation in WNT7A in two sisters with severe Al‐Awadi/Raas‐Rothschild/Schinzel phocomelia syndrome
Authors: Kantaputra Piranit N. , Mundlos Stefan , Sripathomsawat Warissara 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAl‐Awadi/Raas‐Rothschild/Schinzel phocomelia (AARRS) syndrome, a rare autosomal recessive disorder, comprises malformations of upper and lower limbs with severely hypoplastic pelvis and abnormal genitalia. Mutations in WNT7A have been reported as cause of the syndrome. We report on two sisters in a Thai family with short and malformed long bones, absent fibulae, flexion contracture of digits, and a/hypoplastic nails. Fusion between severely malformed femora and slender tibiae has never been reported in patients with WNT7A mutations. Lower limbs were more severely malformed than the upper ones and the pelvis was also severely affected. Multiple fusions of long bones and of the femoral heads to the acetabula were evident. A novel homozygous missense mutation in coding exon 4 of the WNT7A was detected in both affected daughters (c.664C > T) leading to an amino acid exchange from arginine to tryptophan (p.Arg222Trp; R222W). The phenotype is likely to result from an abnormality of all three signaling centers in the developing limb resulting in ventralization with a loss of dorsal structures (aplasia/hypoplasia of nails) a loss of anterior–posterior identity (single distal bones in lower limb without polarity) and an outgrowth defect resulting in distal truncations. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Revisiting the recurrence risk of nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate
Authors: Klotz Cherise M. , Wang Xiaojing , DeSensi Rebecca S. , Grubs Robin E. , Costello Bernard J. , Marazita Mary L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSub‐epithelial defects (i.e., discontinuities) of the superior orbicularis oris (OO) muscle appear to be a part of the phenotypic spectrum of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL ± P). Analysis of the OO phenotype as a clinical tool is hypothesized to improve familial recurrence risk estimates of CL ± P. Study subjects (n = 3,912) were drawn from 835 families. Occurrences of CL ± P were compared in families with and without members with an OO defect. Empiric recurrence risks were calculated for CL ± P and OO defects among first‐degree relatives (FDRs). Risks were compared to published data and/or to other outcomes of this study using chi‐square or Fisher's exact tests. In our cohort, the occurrence of CL ± P was significantly increased in families with OO defects versus those without (P < 0.01, OR = 1.74). The total FDR recurrence of isolated OO defects in this cohort is 16.4%; the sibling recurrence is 17.2%. The chance for one or more FDRs of a CL ± P proband to have an OO defect is 11.4%; or 14.7% for a sibling. Conversely, the chance for any FDR of an individual with an OO defect to have CL ± P is 7.3%; or for a sibling, 3.3%; similar to published recurrence risk estimates of nonsyndromic (NS) CL ± P. This study supports sub‐epithelial OO muscle defects as being part of the CL ± P spectrum and suggests a modification to recurrence risk estimates of CL ± P by utilizing OO defect information. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Funktionsmaterialien: von harten zu weichen porösen Netzwerken
Authors: Thomas Arne 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDieser Aufsatz soll einen Überblick über die jüngsten Entwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der porösen organisch‐anorganischen oder rein organischen Funktionsmaterialien geben. Verschiedene Möglichkeiten zum Einbau organischer Gruppen, die eine chemische oder physikalische Funktion aufweisen, in poröse Netzwerke werden diskutiert. Speziell sollen hier Materialien besprochen werden, bei denen die organischen funktionellen Gruppen ein tragender Bestandteil der Porenwände sind. Durch diesen Ansatz kann die Zahl der organischen Gruppen im Netzwerk prinzipiell bis zu dem Punkt erhöht werden, an dem das poröse Material rein organisch wird.
Surface microphase separation in PDMS‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PHFBMA triblock copolymer films
Authors: Lian Ke‐Jian , Chen Chang‐Qing , Liu Hui , Wang Ning‐Xing , Yu Hai‐Jiang , Luo Zheng‐Hong 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWell‐defined poly(dimethylsiloxane)‐block‐poly(methyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(2,2,3,3,4,4,4‐heptafluorobutyl methacrylate) (PDMS‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PHFBMA) triblock copolymers were synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Surface microphase separation in the PDMS‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PHFBMA triblock copolymer films was investigated. The microstructure of the block copolymers was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Surface composition was studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The chemical composition at the surface was determined by the surface microphase separation in the PDMS‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PHFBMA triblock copolymer films. The increase of the PHFBMA content could strengthen the microphase separation behavior in the PDMS‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PHFBMA triblock copolymer films and reduce their surface tension. Comparison between the PDMS‐b‐PMMA‐b‐PHFBMA triblock copolymers and the PDMS‐b‐PHFBMA diblock copolymers showed that the introduction of the PMMA segments promote the fluorine segregation onto the surface and decrease the fluorine content in the copolymers with low surface energy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Evaluation of the availability of easy cationic dyeable copolyester fibers as electrostatic flocking piles
Authors: Liu Lifang , Cheng Longdi , Yu Jianyong , Xie Hao 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEasy cationic dyeable copolyester (ECDP) fiber produced by the copolymerization of sulfoisophthalate acid groups and poly(ethylene glycol) with poly(ethylene terephthalate) improves the dyeability compared to regular polyester (PET) fiber; this has resulted in a growing increase in its applications. However, there is little research involving their application in electrostatic flocked fabrics. In this study, we investigated the properties of ECDP fiber, and we discuss their availability for use as electrostatic flocking piles and also compare them to PET fiber. The experimental results show that ECDP fiber possessed a lower crystallinity degree and tensile strength, better conductivity and moisture absorption capability, and higher elongation than PET fiber, mainly because of the copolymerization of sulfoisophthalate acid groups and poly(ethylene glycol). The pretreatment and electrical treatment introduced in this study significantly improved the flocking properties of ECDP and PET piles, especially ECDP piles; they achieved a more pronounced improvement because of their better affinity. With regard to the flocked fabrics, the ECDP flocked fabric had a much higher flock density and a lower weight loss in the wear‐resistance test than the PET one and nearly the same good wear resistance as the commercially available polyamide one; this indicated that the ECDP fiber examined in this study could be successfully used to produce flocked fabrics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation and characterization of UV‐curable organic/inorganic hybrid composites for NIR cutoff and antistatic coatings
Authors: Chiu Hsien‐Tang , Chang Chi‐Yung , Chen Cheng‐Lang , Chiang Tzong‐Yiing , Guo Ming‐Tai 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this study, UV‐curable organic/inorganic hybrid composite coatings with near infrared (NIR) cutoff and antistatic properties were prepared by high‐shear mixing of two kinds of polymer matrices and coated on plastic and glass substrates by the doctor‐blade method. This study also investigated the morphology, stability, optical properties, electrical resistivity, and durability of the UV‐cured composite coats. It was found that the composite coatings were very stable under centrifugation. Moreover, the films with transmittance of above 80% in a visible light region (400–800 nm) and of ∼ 40% to 50% in the NIR region (1000–1600 nm) showed low haze of 6.9%, electrical resistivity of around 2.3 × 107 Ω/square. Thus, excellent adhesion, scratch, and weathering durability can be produced on polycarbonate substrate at room temperature. The experimental results reveal that UV‐curable organic/inorganic hybrid composites can be used effectively to fabricate films with NIR cutoff as well as antistatic properties, indicating a high potential for practical application in architectural, automotives, and optoelectronics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Correlations between creep, shrinkage, and dynamic mechanical characteristics of magnetic tape materials
Authors: Weick Brian L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCreep compliance, shrinkage, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) results are presented and discussed for developmental magnetic tapes made from PEN and metalized PET (Spaltan®) substrates as well as PEN substrate samples cut from wide‐stock in the machine and transverse directions. Curve fit parameters from the Kelvin‐Voigt model are discussed to shed light on the creep‐compliance characteristics, particularly the roll‐off characteristics observed at elevated temperatures and long time periods. Characteristic peaks observed in storage and loss moduli measured using DMA that correspond with molecular movement provide information that assists with the understanding of creep‐compliance and shrinkage behavior for these materials. Such movement corresponds with dimensional instabilities that need to be understood for future generations of advanced digital magnetic tapes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011