bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Study of Thiazole‐Orange‐Based DNA Dyes
Authors: Domahidy Farkas , Kovács Beatrix , Cseri Levente , Katona Gergely , Rózsa Balázs , Mucsi Zoltán , Kovács Ervin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe rapid advancement of biotechnology over the recent decades has amplified the importance of DNA detection and quantification assays. Many of these assays, such as gel electrophoresis, microscopy, flow cytometry, and the detection of amplification in quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), rely on the use of DNA‐binding fluorescent dyes. This article presents a comprehensive study of six Thiazole‐Orange‐based fluorescent DNA‐binding dyes: SYBR Safe, SYBR Green, Pico Green, SYTO‐16, SYTO‐9, and the benzothiazole‐based analogue (TOPhBu) of the latter. The selected DNA markers were synthesized at a 10‐milligram scale and characterised spectroscopically to quantify their fluorescence enhancement upon binding to double‐stranded DNA. The ability of the dyes to detect DNA at low concentrations was evaluated using two new metrics, absolute fluorescence enhancement (AFE) and relative fluorescence enhancement (RFE). Quantum chemical calculations shed new light on the mechanism of their fluorogenicity through modelling the excited state behaviour and DNA binding of the dyes. Their analytical performance was further tested in qPCR experiments. The experimental results of this work highlight some important differences in the sensitivity and qPCR efficiency of the studied DNA‐binding dyes which will facilitate the DNA marker selection for analytical purposes and the future development of novel DNA sensors.
Fluid‐rock interaction experiments with andesite at 100°C for potential carbon storage in geothermal reservoirs
Authors: Belshaw Grace E. , Steer Elisabeth , Ji Yukun , Azis Herwin , Sapiie Benyamin , Muljadi Bagus , Vandeginste Veerle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGeothermal energy extraction often results in the release of naturally occurring carbon dioxide (CO2) as a byproduct. Research on carbon storage using volcanic rock types other than basalt under both acidic and elevated temperature conditions has been limited so far. Our study uses batch reactor experiments at 100°C to investigate the dissolution of andesite rock samples obtained from an active geothermal reservoir in Sumatra (Indonesia). The samples are subjected to reactions with neutral‐pH fluids and acidic fluids, mimicking the geochemical responses upon reinjection of geothermal fluids, either without or with dissolved acidic gases, respectively. Chemical elemental analysis reveals the release of Ca2+ ions into the fluids through the dissolution of feldspar. The overall dissolution rate of the rock samples is 2.4 × 10–11 to 4.2 × 10–11 mol/(m2 · s), based on the Si release during the initial 7 h of the experiment. The dissolution rates are about two orders of magnitude lower than those reported for basaltic rocks under similar reaction conditions. This study offers valuable insights into the potential utilization of andesite reservoirs for effective CO2 storage via mineralization.
Application of Biaryl Phosphacycles in Palladium‐Catalysed Suzuki‐Miyaura Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl Chlorides
Authors: Lamola Jairus L. , Moshapo Paseka T. , Holzapfel Cedric W. , Maumela Munaka Christopher 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe use of Pd‐catalysts based on biaryl phosphacycles allowed facile Suzuki‐Miyaura couplings of a wide range of deactivated, sterically hindered, and heteroaryl chloride substrates with aryl boronic acids. Notably, the strongly electron‐deficient and sufficiently hindered biaryl phosphacycle ligand 7 consistently demonstrated effective performance.
Default mode network shows distinct emotional and contextual responses yet common effects of retrieval demands across tasks
Authors: Souter Nicholas E. , de Freitas Antonia , Zhang Meichao , Shao Ximing , del Jesus Gonzalez Alam Tirso Rene , Engen Haakon , Smallwood Jonathan , Krieger‐Redwood Katya , Jefferies Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe default mode network (DMN) lies towards the heteromodal end of the principal gradient of intrinsic connectivity, maximally separated from the sensory‐motor cortex. It supports memory‐based cognition, including the capacity to retrieve conceptual and evaluative information from sensory inputs, and to generate meaningful states internally; however, the functional organisation of DMN that can support these distinct modes of retrieval remains unclear. We used fMRI to examine whether activation within subsystems of DMN differed as a function of retrieval demands, or the type of association to be retrieved, or both. In a picture association task, participants retrieved semantic associations that were either contextual or emotional in nature. Participants were asked to avoid generating episodic associations. In the generate phase, these associations were retrieved from a novel picture, while in the switch phase, participants retrieved a new association for the same image. Semantic context and emotion trials were associated with dissociable DMN subnetworks, indicating that a key dimension of DMN organisation relates to the type of association being accessed. The frontotemporal and medial temporal DMN showed a preference for emotional and semantic contextual associations, respectively. Relative to the generate phase, the switch phase recruited clusters closer to the heteromodal apex of the principal gradient—a cortical hierarchy separating unimodal and heteromodal regions. There were no differences in this effect between association types. Instead, memory switching was associated with a distinct subnetwork associated with controlled internal cognition. These findings delineate distinct patterns of DMN recruitment for different kinds of associations yet common responses across tasks that reflect retrieval demands.
Choir singing is associated with enhanced structural connectivity across the adult lifespan
Authors: Moisseinen Nella , Ahveninen Lotta , Martínez‐Molina Noelia , Sairanen Viljami , Melkas Susanna , Kleber Boris , Sihvonen Aleksi J. , Särkämö Teppo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe global ageing of populations calls for effective, ecologically valid methods to support brain health across adult life. Previous evidence suggests that music can promote white matter (WM) microstructure and grey matter (GM) volume while supporting auditory and cognitive functioning and emotional well‐being as well as counteracting age‐related cognitive decline. Adding a social component to music training, choir singing is a popular leisure activity among older adults, but a systematic account of its potential to support healthy brain structure, especially with regard to ageing, is currently missing. The present study used quantitative anisotropy (QA)‐based diffusion MRI connectometry and voxel‐based morphometry to explore the relationship of lifetime choir singing experience and brain structure at the whole‐brain level. Cross‐sectional multiple regression analyses were carried out in a large, balanced sample (N = 95; age range 21–88) of healthy adults with varying levels of choir singing experience across the whole age range and within subgroups defined by age (young, middle‐aged, and older adults). Independent of age, choir singing experience was associated with extensive increases in WM QA in commissural, association, and projection tracts across the brain. Corroborating previous work, these overlapped with language and limbic networks. Enhanced corpus callosum microstructure was associated with choir singing experience across all subgroups. In addition, choir singing experience was selectively associated with enhanced QA in the fornix in older participants. No associations between GM volume and choir singing were found. The present study offers the first systematic account of amateur‐level choir singing on brain structure. While no evidence for counteracting GM atrophy was found, the present evidence of enhanced structural connectivity coheres well with age‐typical structural changes. Corroborating previous behavioural studies, the present results suggest that regular choir singing holds great promise for supporting brain health across the adult life span.
Green intent or black smoke: Exploring investor sentiment on sustainable development
Authors: Su Chi Wei , Song Xin Yue , Qin Meng , Lobonţ Oana‐Ramona 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe connections among fossil fuels, green bonds, and investors have undergone a substantial alteration due to the daunting difficulties posed by climate change risks and energy problems. This study employs quantile connection approaches to the dynamic spillover. The results indicate that extreme quantiles exhibit a higher degree of connectivity compared to the average quantile. In severe circumstances, risk spillover primarily emanates from fossil fuels, whereas investor sentiment (IS) is more vulnerable to the impact of related market hazards. The green bond (GBI) experiences a transition in its function, alternating between being a transmitter and a receiver. To summarise, comprehending the interrelation among these variables offers fresh perspectives for investment decision‐making and policy development to facilitate the shift towards sustainable energy and tackle the climate emergency.
On products of strong Skolem starters
Authors: Ogandzhanyants Oleg , Kondratieva Margarita , Shalaby Nabil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn 1991, Shalaby conjectured that any , where or , admits a strong Skolem starter. In 2018, the authors fully described and explicitly constructed the infinite “cardioidal” family of strong Skolem starters. No other infinite family of these combinatorial designs was known to date. Statements regarding the products of starters, proven in this paper give a new way of generating strong or skew Skolem starters of composite orders. This approach extends our previous result by generating new infinite families of these starters that are not cardioidal.
Comparative morphology of the oropharyngeal denticles in the order Rhinopristiformes and its functional implications (Chondrichthyes: Batoidea)
Authors: Oliveira Dhayana C. S. , Soares Karla D. A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGuitarfishes and sawfishes are included in the order Rhinopristiformes, which currently encompasses five families: Pristidae, Rhinobatidae, Trygonorrhinidae, Rhinidae and Glaucostegidae. Considering the low number of studies focused on oral structures in Rhinopristiformes and the need to better understand their internal morphology, this study aimed to (1) evaluate and describe the morphological variation of the oropharyngeal denticles of guitarfishes and sawfish; (2) evaluate and describe the ontogenetic and sexual variation of the oropharyngeal denticles of Zapteryx brevirostris; (3) propose characters potentially useful for taxonomic and systematic purposes and (4) discuss the possible functions and advantages of these structures. Tissue samples were taken from the oropharyngeal region of specimens preserved in 70% alcohol and then prepared for visualization in scanning electron microscopy. A new method for sampling the pharynx region is proposed herein. Considerable morphological variation between families and genera was observed. However, no variation between conspecifics was found. Regional variations of denticles when examining a single individual were observed in shape, ornamentation, and orientation. In Zapteryx brevirostris, males had a significantly higher density of denticles in the ventral region than females and lower densities were observed in juveniles. The four characters discussed here are based on the presence of keels, number of cusps, distal end elongation and width/length ratio of the oropharyngeal denticles. Among the possible functions and advantages of these structures are the improvement of food adherence, tissue protection against food abrasion and parasitism, and attenuation of hydrodynamic drag in the oropharyngeal cavity during food ingestion.
The fundamental solution of the master equation for a jump‐diffusion Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process
Authors: Rozanova Olga S. , Krutov Nikolai A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn integro‐differential equation for the probability density of the generalized stochastic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process with jump diffusion is considered for a special case of the Laplacian distribution of jumps. It is shown that for a certain ratio between the intensity of jumps and the speed of reversion, the fundamental solution can be found explicitly, as a finite sum. Alternatively, the fundamental solution can be represented as converging power series. The properties of this solution are investigated. The fundamental solution makes it possible to obtain explicit formulas for the density at each instant of time, which is important, for example, for testing numerical methods.
The bold decision to go “all in”: Understanding the reasons behind consumers' willingness to migrate to the metaverse
Authors: Kumar Aman , Shankar Amit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study explores the reasons that drive and hinder consumers' willingness to migrate to the metaverse. To determine them, a mixed‐methods approach is used: phase 1 (qualitative) involves conceptual development of a model based on in‐depth consumer interviews, and in phase 2, the conceptual model is empirically tested via structural equation modeling. Results show that social presence is a crucial enabler, while realistic and symbolic threats are significant inhibitors of the willingness to migrate. Preusage cognitive dissonance significantly mediates the relationships between social escapism, social pressure, realistic threat, symbolic threat, and willingness to migrate. Specifically, the mediating influence between empowerment and willingness to migrate is higher for individuals with low metaverse anxiety. Results of the artificial neural network technique indicate that social presence is the most significant antecedent of willingness to migrate, and results of the fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis highlight the presence of six distinct configurations that indicate a high willingness to migrate. This study enriches the behavioral reasoning theory by examining the interplay of the reasons influencing the willingness to migrate. Further, it contributes to the intergroup threat theory by investigating the potential link between willingness to migrate and the presence of realistic and symbolic threats.
Long‐Term Medication Profiles in Parkinson's Disease under Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation: A Controlled Study
Authors: Theyer Christoph , Beliveau Vincent , Krismer Florian , Peball Marina , Mair Katherina , Heim Beatrice , Djamshidian Atbin , Kiechl Stefan , Eisner Wilhelm , Eschlböck Sabine , Wenning Gregor K. , Willeit Peter , Seppi Klaus , Poewe Werner , Mahlknecht Philipp 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundSubthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN‐DBS) reduces antiparkinsonian medications in Parkinson's disease (PD) compared with the preoperative state. Longitudinal and comparative studies on this effect are lacking.ObjectiveTo compare longitudinal trajectories of antiparkinsonian medication in STN‐DBS treated patients to non‐surgically treated control patients.MethodsWe collected retrospective information on antiparkinsonian medication from PD patients that underwent subthalamic DBS between 1999 and 2010 and control PD patients similar in age at onset and baseline, sex‐distribution, and comorbidities.ResultsIn 74 DBS patients levodopa‐equivalent daily dose (LEDD) were reduced by 33.9–56.0% in relation to the preoperative baseline over the 14‐year observational period. In 61 control patients LEDDs increased over approximately 10 years, causing a significant divergence between groups. The largest difference amongst single drug‐classes was observed for dopamine agonists.ConclusionIn PD patients, chronic STN‐DBS was associated with a lower LEDD compared with control patients over 14 years.
Persistent GDNF Expression 45 Months after Putaminal Infusion of AAV2‐GDNF in a Patient with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Heiss John D. , Ray‐Chaudhury Abhik , Kleiner David E. , Ehrlich Debra J. , Scott Gretchen , Edwards Nancy A. , Goldstein David S. , Hammoud Dima A. , Hadaczek Piotr , Van Laar Victor S. , Graff Shantelle A. , Herscovitch Peter , Lungu Codrin , Hallett Mark , Lonser Russell R. , Zaghloul Kareem A. , Bankiewicz Krystof S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveGene therapy by convection‐enhanced delivery of type 2 adeno‐associated virus‐glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (AAV2‐GDNF) to the bilateral putamina seeks to increase GDNF gene expression and treat Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsA 63‐year‐old man with advanced PD received AAV2‐GDNF in a clinical trial. He died from pneumonia after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion 45 months later. An autopsy included brain examination for GDNF transgene expression. Putaminal catecholamine concentrations were compared to in vivo 18F‐Fluorodopa (18F‐FDOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning results before and 18 months after AAV2‐GDNF infusion.ResultsParkinsonian progression stabilized clinically. Postmortem neuropathology confirmed PD. Bilateral putaminal regions previously infused with AAV2‐GDNF expressed the GDNF gene. Total putaminal dopamine was 1% of control, confirming the striatal dopaminergic deficiency suggested by baseline 18F‐DOPA‐PET scanning. Putaminal regions responded as expected to AAV2‐GDNF.ConclusionAfter AAV2‐GDNF infusion, infused putaminal regions showed increased GDNF gene expression, tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive sprouting, catechol levels, and 18F‐FDOPA‐PET signal, suggesting the regenerative potential of AAV2‐GDNF in PD.
A review on realizing rechargeable batteries based on SOCl2/SO2 electrolyte systems
Authors: Gao Xiangyu , Chen Guodong , Sun Jinran , Dong Shanmu , Cui Guanglei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs representative high‐energy density primary batteries, Li‐SOCl2 and Li‐SO2 batteries possess superiorities including high working potential, long temperature range, low self‐discharge rate and high safety compared with other conventional primary batteries. In spite of the high energy features, these devices have only been applied for single discharge rather than achieved energy cyclic utilization via recharge. Various modifying strategies have been put out concerning the two electrolyte systems to liberate theoretical energy storage capability as much as possible over decades. Nevertheless, reversible chemistry is also urgently required nowadays for these sulfur‐based electrolyte primary batteries to achieve transformation and upgrading. In the review, we collect some of the modification works for Li‐SOCl2 and Li‐SO2 primary batteries since their invention and successively introduce some of the opening research studies of secondary batteries, designed technologies of which are demonstrated through aspects through anode interface, cathode materials, and electrolyte composition. Finally, it is aiming to look further into the future development of the reversibility of the unique electrolyte systems.
Occupational nerve injuries
Authors: Hearn Sandra L. , Jorgensen Shawn P. , Gabet Joelle M. , Carter Gregory T. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOccupational nerve injuries span a broad array of pathologies and contribute toward functional limitation, disability, and economic impact. Early and accurate recognition, treatment, and management of workplace factors rely on a thorough understanding of the anatomic and biomechanical factors that drive nerve injury. This review explores the interplay between anatomy, biomechanics, and nerve pathology common to occupational nerve injury and provides the treating physician with a rational, evidence‐based approach to diagnosis and to occupational aspects of management. Assessment of potential occupational nerve injury begins with a detailed understanding of the employee's work duties through a biomechanical lens. One must consider likelihood of occupational causation while accounting for predisposing conditions or preexisting symptoms. Beyond overt crush injury or laceration, potential mechanisms of nerve injury, with effects compounded over time, include compression, stretch, vibration, and repetitive or high‐force movements of regional muscles and joints. Injury often occurs at nerve locations that experience higher pressures, changes in pressure over time, or abrupt changes in trajectory, often near a tethered point. This understanding, coupled with condition‐specific knowledge presented in this review, equips managing physicians to diagnose occupational nerve injury and enhance treatment recommendations with rational activity modifications or equipment that can protect the nerve or decrease likelihood of continued injury. Long‐term management often involves follow‐up to assess effectiveness of interventions in the setting of the work environment, with gradual progression of the worker toward return to unrestricted duty or to a point of maximal medical improvement.
A Hybrid Wild Horses Optimization (WHO) and Dwarf Mongoose Optimization (DMO) method for optimum energy management in SG system
Authors: Ganesan P. , Arockia Edwin Xavier S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA hybrid technique is proposed for the energy management (EM) of smart grid (SG) systems. The proposed method integrates the Wild Horse Optimization (WHO) and dwarf mongoose optimization (DMO) methods; hence, it is named the WHO–DMO approach. The Micro‐grid (MG)‐tied system is a combination of battery, micro turbine (MT), photovoltaic (PV), and Wind Turbine (WT). The key aim of the proposed approach is to manage the resources and power of the SG model and reduce the cost of electricity. The objective of the system is to improve load demand. The WHO method is enhanced by the DMO method, which minimizes the objective of the system. Access to power demand, state of charge (SOC), and renewable energy sources (RESs) for storing elements are considered constraints of the system. The unit of renewable power systems relies on batteries as energy sources to stabilize and sustain stable and consistent output power throughout the operation. The proposed technique is done in MATLAB platform and its implementation is calculated using the existing methods. From the simulation, the proposed method has less cost and higher power than the existing methods.
Computational modeling and theoretical analysis of polyvinylidene fluoride microarrays for hybrid piezo‐pyroelectric energy harvesting
Authors: Fadzallah Iman Aris , Sabran Nuur Syahidah , Hasnan Megat Muhammad Ikhsan Megat , Ono Takahito , Sabri Mohd Faizul Mohd 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPoly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) is a promising piezoelectric and pyroelectric material for energy harvesting applications. This paper investigates the electrical outputs of PVDF microarrays using both simulation studies and theoretical calculations. The finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics® is utilized to model PVDF microarrays and simulate their responses under mechanical loading and temperature changes. Theoretical calculations are also performed to estimate the piezoelectric and pyroelectric voltage outputs using established mathematical formulas. A series of PVDF microarrays are modeled in two dimensions with defined geometry, materials, boundary conditions, and parametric sweeps of wind speed and temperature. The simulation results for electrical outputs show good agreement with the theoretical calculations, demonstrating the validity of both approaches. The maximum voltage outputs are on the order of 10−3 V for the range of wind speeds from 6.5 to 11 m/s and temperatures from 319.3 to 336.3 K. In addition, the mechanical and thermal sensitivities are quantified. This work provides a framework for design and optimization of PVDF‐based energy harvesters. The combined methodology enables characterization of the relationships between operational conditions, PVDF microarray properties, and electrical outputs.