bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1,550-nm photonic crystal surface-emitting laser diode fabricated by single deep air-hole etch
Authors: Kim Myeongeun , Song Ye-Seong , Jeong Lakjong , Lee Tae-Yun , Choi Hyo Seok , Kim In , Lee Myungjae , Jeon Heonsu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) are promising light sources with numerous advantages, including vertical emission, single-mode operation, and high output power. However, the fabrication of PCSEL devices requires advanced techniques, such as wafer bonding or epitaxial regrowth, to form a photonic crystal (PhC) structure close to the central waveguide layer. This process is not only complicated but also necessitates multiple semiconductor epitaxies, which reduces fabrication yield and increases manufacturing costs. In this study, we introduce a simpler method for fabricating PCSELs that requires only a single dry-etch run on any standard edge-emitting laser diode epistructure. The key challenge of creating an array of PhC air holes deep enough to reach the waveguide layer is addressed through high-temperature, high-plasma-density dry etching. PCSEL devices fabricated using this method lased in single mode at a threshold current density as low as ∼0.8 kA/cm2, which is comparable to or better than previously demonstrated devices. Our results offer a cost-effective, high-yield approach to PCSEL fabrication.
Investigating the effect of locally available volcanic ash on mechanical and microstructure properties of concrete
Authors: Al Asmari Abdullah F. , Bashir Muhammad Iqbal , Farooq Furqan , Asif Usama 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Environmental degradation is developing due to rising pollution from the depletion of raw materials and the growing mandate for concrete goods. Investigators and experts have focused on creating sustainable concrete utilizing renewable elements. Volcanic ash (VA) is a promising supplementary cementitious material among these minerals. Therefore, it is crucial to examine the attributes of voids in aggregate and how they impact the performance of concrete. VA from the Gini Chilas (Gigilat Baltistan) was used to prepare specimens. Mixing regimes of VA concrete with altering concentrations ranging from 0 to 40% replacement was cast. Water-to-cement ratio was reserved persistent for all the mixes. Chemical compositions of VA and properties of concrete in relation to workability, density, and compressive strength were carried out. In addition, thermo-gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and X-ray diffraction analysis were also examined. The analysis of results reveals that VA with 10% replacement gives an adamant response. This is due to the natural pozzolanic effect that details the creation of additional dense gel (C–S–H), and deviation of cracks is observed from SEM. VA10 also exhibits thermally stable behavior at temperature with less percentage mass loss. However, VA up to 10% replacement in cementitious concrete can exhibit better properties than normal specimens.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH THE OCCURRENCE OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE (GERD) IN STUDENTS
Authors: Siregar Santy Deasy , Hulu Victor Trismanjaya , Lase Dian Veronika 
Published: February 2025

Background: Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) cannot be left without action because it can cause severe stomach irritation in the long term, leading to stomach ulcers and infection. Purpose: This study aims to analyze factors related to the incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in students. Methods: This type of research in analytical survey research. The design of this research is case control. The population in this study were students of Universitas Prima Indonesia, class of 2021, in the public health study program and the information systems study program, totaling 1,473 students. The sample in this stufy was a portion of the student population which was divided into case and control groups. Data analysis was carried out using the Chi-square test to determine the description and relationship of risk factors with the incidence of GERD. Results: The result showed that the eating habits variable (p = 0,000; OR = 19,12; 95% CI = 6,376-57,369), coffee consumption variable (p = 0,001; OR = 4,93; 95% CI = 1,986-12,262), stress level variable (p = 0,001; OR = 4,52; 95% CI = 1,952-10,508), and body mass index variable (p = 0,000; OR = 5,63; 95% CI = 2,362-13,420) has a significant relationship with the incidence of GERD in students. Conclusion: reducing the consumption of ready-to-eat food and reducing the lifestyle of modern society which consumes excessive coffee and doing positive things to maintain stress levels are very important things to increase public awareness in order to minimize the risk of GERD.
Scalable route to N-trifluoromethyl amides via radical trifluoromethylamination
Authors: Wang Mang , Zhang Ru , Liu Yang , Xu Cong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

N-CF3 amides are promising targets for medicinal and agrochemistry. However, they have not yet been practically applied because of the limitations of their synthetic method. Traditional amidation can not be utilized to prepare N-CF3 amides due to the unavailability of corresponding N-CF3 amines. The development of effective alternative route has become a research focus in this field. We describe here a conceptually novel trifluoromethylamination method, in which the reactivity of trifluoromethylamidyl radicals derived from N-(N-CF3 imidoyloxy) pyridinium salts can be harnessed for the rapid construction of diverse N-CF3 amides. Such stable imidoyloxy pyridinium salts are conveniently prepared by the imidoylation of pyridine-N-oxide with the in situ formed N-CF3 nitrilium ions. The ensuing pyridinium fragmentation under photoredox catalysis liberates trifluoromethylimidoyloxy radical, which can efficiently participate in the trifluoromethylaminations of (hetero)arenes, alkenes and functionalized alkenes, alkynes, silylenol ethers, and isocyanides in the form of trifluoromethylamidyl radical through imidoyloxy-amidyl resonance. Density functional theory calculations indicate that although initial charge distribution and spin density of key radical intermediates in the optimized structure are not conducive to the reaction at the N-site, the trifluoromethylamidyl radical can be dynamically activated when approaching the reactant, thereby selectively serves as an effective radical aminating reagent for subsequent C-N coupling reactions. The tolerance of the reaction to steric and electronic factors has allowed for the synthesis of the most diverse set of N-CF3 amides and their cyclic derivatives.
Assessment of Land Use/Land Cover Dynamics and Urban Growth Patterns Using Geospatial Technology: A Study of Sylhet Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh
Authors: Ahad Md. Iftaul , Akter Syeda Ayshia , Uddin Muhammad Jasim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Urban growth in developing nations, such as Bangladesh, is frequently rapid and unplanned due to inadequate Land Use Land Cover (LULC) management. This study examines the spatiotemporal dynamics of LULC changes and urban growth patterns in Sylhet Sadar Upazila, a rapidly urbanizing area in northeastern Bangladesh, from 1989 to 2019. Using Landsat satellite imagery and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) with remote sensing technologies, LULC classifications were performed via the supervised maximum likelihood algorithm. Shannon entropy analysis was applied to assess urban sprawl patterns. The results reveal significant transformations in the study area: built-up areas increased by 8.44%, while water bodies and vegetation declined by 7.8% and 18.7%, respectively. Arable land grew by 17.10%, reflecting agricultural expansion, and barren land saw a 0.99% rise. The most intense urbanization occurred between 2009 and 2019, where vegetation decreased by 10% and built-up areas surged by 4.46%. Urban growth expanded tenfold from Sylhet City Corporation (SCC)'s Central Business District (CBD) and demonstrated a scattered pattern across the first two buffer zones. The entropy values, consistently above 0.5, indicate increasingly dispersed urban expansion, with the highest entropy (0.81) observed in the Khadimnagar union. These trends pose challenges for sustainable urban management, including inefficient infrastructure use and environmental degradation. The study emphasizes the need for integrated land management strategies and compact urban growth to balance development with environmental sustainability. The findings provide crucial insights for urban planners and policymakers in rapidly developing regions facing similar urbanization pressures.
Observation of quantized vortex in atomic Bose-Einstein condensate at Dirac point
Authors: zhang Jing , Li Yunda , Han Wei , Meng Zengming , Yang Wenxin , Chin Cheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

When two or more energy bands become degenerate at a singular point in the momentum space, such singularity, or ``Dirac points", gives rise to intriguing quantum phenomena as well as unusual material properties. Systems at the Dirac points can possess topological charges and their unique properties can be probed by various methods, such as transport measurement, interferometry and momentum spectroscopy. While the topology of Dirac point in the momentum space is well studied theoretically, observation of topological defects in a many-body quantum systems at Dirac point remain an elusive goal. Based on atomic Bose-Einstein condensate in a graphene-like optical honeycomb lattice, we directly observe emergence of quantized vortices at the Dirac point. The phase diagram of lattice bosons at the Dirac point is revealed. Our work provides a new way of generating vortices in a quantum gas, and the method is generic and can be applied to different types of optical lattices with topological singularity, especially topological flat band near Dirac point for twisted bilayer optical lattices.
New Autoinducing Peptides Regulate Antibiotic Production for Sculpting Microbiome
Authors: Li Yong-Xin , Chen Nanzhu , Cai Peiyan , Lin Xiaoqian , Song Zhi-Man , He Jiaze , Li Zewen , Li Zhuohan , Zhang Dengwei , Song Yi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Microbes recruit signaling molecules to regulate multiple physiological processes and mediate chemical interactions with a diverse community of microbes in habitats. Decoding these chemical languages is instrumental in comprehending microbial regulatory mechanisms within complex microbiota. Here, we discover a novel class of autoinducing peptides (AIPs) derived from the plant-probiotic bacterium Paenibacillus polymyxa, identified as Pp-AIPs. Omics analyses coupled with genetic manipulations revealed that Pp-AIP1 could effectively modulate the production of multiple antimicrobial secondary metabolites at nanomolar concentration, a finding that broadens our understanding of antimicrobial regulatory mechanisms. Furthermore, through inoculating Paenibacillus in the natural rhizosphere microbiome and validating its antagonistic interactions against root microbes, we confirmed that Paenibacillus employs Pp-AIPs to shape the root microbiome through antimicrobial regulation. Our global analysis of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) further revealed that many unexplored AIPs co-occur with and likely regulate a variety of secondary metabolites. This study significantly underscores the unreported roles of autoinducing peptides in regulating antibiotic production and microbiome sculpting, enhancing our understanding of microbial interaction mechanisms within complex microbiota.
A method based LMD-SVD-CFS algorithm for roller bearings performance degradation assessment
Authors: Zhou ShengWen , Zhang Li , Yang Xiaoming , Xu Fan , Du BaiGang , Luo RuiPing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This paper introduces an approach to evaluating the performance degradation of roller bearings using the LMD-SVD-CFS algorithm. Firstly, the original vibration signals are processed using the LMD technique to obtain some production function components (PFs). Following this, the top two PFs are selected based on their correlation coefficient and calculated by singular-value decomposition (SVD). Secondly, SV1 and SV2, the top two selected singular values (SVs), are utilized as the input parameters for the fast CFS. Finally, based on the differences between the sample features and the predefined clustering centers, a confidence value (CV) is calculated, which serves as a measure of the bearing performance state. The results of the experiment show that the proposed method outperforms the above time-domain indicators and clustering methods in detecting the early-stage degradation more precisely, without the need for presetting the number of clusters.
Comprehensive Rehabilitation Approach for Post-Cesarean Pain and Kinesiophobia: A Case Report
Authors: Khandelwal Tanisha , Subhedar Mansi , Zade Amisha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This case report examines the postoperative management of a 19-year-old female who underwent a Lower Segment Caesarean Section (LSCS) for her first child. Postoperatively, the patient experienced significant pain, which was addressed through a multidisciplinary approach involving pharmacological treatment, targeted physiotherapy, and neuroscience education. The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) was used to evaluate the patient's fear of movement, which was identified as a key factor influencing her pain experience. Neuroscience education was incorporated to enhance her understanding of pain mechanisms and promote effective self-management strategies. These interventions collectively improved her quality of life, reducing pain levels and aiding in functional recovery. The case highlights the effectiveness of combining pain management strategies with educational support to optimize outcomes in postoperative LSCS care.
Unveiling the Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Centella Asiatica Extract Delivered via pEG Nanoparticles in TNF-α-Induced Cognitive Decline: An In Vivo Study
Authors: Nathania Nathania , Putra Marson , Willyono Agoes , Rinaldi Fransiskus Xaverius , Fauzi Asra Al 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Cognitive decline in the elderly is a pressing global health concern, affecting 65.6 million individuals worldwide and significantly diminishing quality of life. Elevated inflammatory markers, particularly Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), are strongly associated with neuronal damage and cognitive deterioration. Emerging evidence highlights the neuroprotective potential of natural compounds, such as those in Centella asiatica extract, known for its pharmaceutical benefits in addressing neurodegenerative diseases.
Aim
The research aims to evaluate the formulation’s impact on TNF-α expression and cognitive performance, focusing on its neuroprotective properties. By exploring this novel approach, the study seeks to contribute valuable insights into managing age-related cognitive decline, emphasizing TNF-α regulation as a potential therapeutic target.
Results and Discussion
The GC-MS analysis identified active compounds in Centella asiatica extract, including tryptamine (1.79%), γ-sitosterol, and β-sitosterol (each 7.22%), essential for cognitive improvement. These findings confirm the presence of neuroprotective agents prior to synthesis with PEG-400. On PSA, the 1:100 extract-to-PEG-400 ratio produced ideal nanoparticles (20–25 nm) optimal for blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Smaller nanoparticles in this range demonstrate effective therapeutic delivery, minimizing immune clearance and degradation. T-maze tests revealed significant cognitive improvements in the 1:1 and 1:100 groups, with the latter showing the most consistent results. Flow cytometry indicated a dose-dependent reduction in TNF-α expression, with the 1:100 group achieving the greatest decrease (54.59%) compared to the control (74.65%).
Conclusion
The 1:100 (Centella:pEG) formulation demonstrated superior stability, bioavailability, and efficacy due to optimized nanoparticle size and consistent compound delivery, supporting Centella asiatica encapsulation as a promising neurotherapeutic strategy.
Soil Moisture Retrieval with High Spatial-temporal Resolution by Fusion of CYGNSS and SAR Data
Authors: Chang Xin , Wang Qi , Sun Jiaojiao , Tan Zuozhu , Li Dawei , Yu Kegen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

As the probability and intensity of global drought events continue to increase, soil moisture is an important basis for drought monitoring and drought assessment, and the need to accurately obtain soil moisture distribution information with high spatial-temporal resolution is becoming extremely important. CYGNSS data based on spaceborne GNSS-R has the advantage of high temporal resolution, while SAR data can provide information on surface features with high spatial resolution, and the combination of the two provides favourable conditions for obtaining soil moisture with high spatial-temporal resolution. This paper proposes a soil moisture retrieval method with high spatial-temporal resolution by the fusion of spaceborne GNSS-R (CYGNSS) and SAR (Sentinel-1) data. This method constructs a function relationship between surface reflectivity of spaceborne GNSS-R and backscattering coefficient of SAR, with the aim of preparing for fusion of CYGNSS and Sentinel-1. By fusing sentinel-1 data, a two-layer machine learning framework based on CYGNSS data is constructed to retrieve the soil moisture with high spatial-temporal resolution, and the retrieval results are compared with the measured data and soil moisture products of SMAP. The results indicate that, the surface reflectivity of spaceborne GNSS-R shows an approximate linear relationship with the backscattering coefficient of SAR. The constructed first-layer framework is able to supplement CYGNSS surface reflectivity data, and verifies the feasibility of converting backscattering coefficients of SAR to the CYGNSS surface reflectivity. The soil moisture retrieval by the two-layer framework method in this paper is comparable to the soil moisture product of SMAP in terms of retrieval accuracy (average ubRMSE = 0.070cm3/cm3, average R = 0.65) at the same spatial resolution (3 km), and the temporal resolution is improved by 3.9 times on average, which confirms the feasibility of soil moisture retrieval by CYGNSS at 3 km spatial resolution.
Investigation of the Sonographic Association Between Body Mass Index and Anterior Abdominal Wall Hernias: A Hospital-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Babar , Umar Muhammad , Ali Rashad , Aslam Aqsa , Shafiq Tayyaba , Fatima Laraib , Riaz Eisha , Kafi Amtul , Nawab Javeria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background and Aim: Abdominal wall hernias are a common abdominal condition that affect about 4–5% of people worldwide. They are among the most frequent causes of urgent surgery for individuals older than 50. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between BMI, a commonly used body composition measure, and sonographic evidence of anterior abdominal wall hernias. The purpose of this study was to find out the sonographic association of anterior abdominal wall hernias with body mass index (BMI).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Radiology at Chughtai Medical Centre (Johar Town), Lahore, Pakistan. The study sample was two hundred patients of various age groups. The inclusion criteria for data collection was patients coming into the hospital for abdominal ultrasonography with or without the symptoms of hernia. The collection of data was done through a questionnaire while the analysis was done using SPSS version 25.
Results: Among the 200 patients, 24 (12%) were identified with anterior abdominal wall hernias. The most common type of hernia was para-umbilical (13 cases, 6.5%), followed by umbilical (6 cases, 3%). Among the 135 females, 19 (14.07%) had hernias, compared to only 5 (7.69%) of the 65 males. Although females had a higher frequency of hernias, the relationship between gender and hernia occurrence was not statistically significant (p = 0.1944). Similarly, the obese group had more hernias (11 cases, 9.32%) than the non-obese group (13 cases, 6.5%), but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.6087). Advanced age was a significant risk factor, with the highest prevalence seen in patients aged 40 to 65.
Conclusion: The study concludes that elevated BMI and advanced age are significant risk factors associated with an increased incidence of anterior abdominal wall hernias. These findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions, such as weight management and regular monitoring for high-risk populations, to mitigate the occurrence and severity of hernias. Additionally, the study emphasizes the value of sonographic evaluations in identifying hernia types and guiding clinical decisions, especially in populations with high BMI.
miR-584-5p Regulates MSMO1 to Modulate the AKT/PI3K Pathway and Inhibit Breast Cancer Progression
Authors: Li Xin , Liu Jie , He Lili , Tian Mi , Xu Yingying , Peng Bing 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Endogenous microRNAs (miRNAs) are critical regulators of tumor progression,
making their role in breast cancer an important area of investigation.

Method:
This study examined the regulation of MSMO1 by miR-584-5p in breast cancer cells. Using
bioinformatics and Western blotting, we confirmed MSMO1 expression in breast cancer cells
and evaluated its effects on cell migration, invasion, and the AKT signaling pathway. In vivo experiments
further supported these findings. The interaction between miR-584-5p and MSMO1
was validated through luciferase reporter assays, while functional studies highlighted the impact
of miR-584-5p on cancer progression.

objective:
study sought to elucidate the molecular underpinnings of miR-584-5p-mediated regulation of MSMO1 in breast cancer

Result:
Our findings revealed that MSMO1 is upregulated in breast cancer, enhancing cell migration
and invasion. Silencing MSMO1 diminished AKT pathway activity, and luciferase assays confirmed
MSMO1 as a direct target of miR-584-5p.

Conclusion:
Overexpression of miR-584-5p suppressed migration and invasion of breast cancer
cells. In summary, miR-584-5p is likely to modulate MSMO1 and subsequently regulate the AKT/
PI3K pathway, presenting a promising therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.