bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying Pathways to the Incel Community and Where to Intervene: A Qualitative Study with Former Incels
Authors: Maryn Alyssa , Keough Jordan , McConnell Ceilidh , Exner-Cortens Deinera 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe term “Incel” refers to a group of boys and/or men who feel that they have been unjustly denied relationships and sex with women due to an unfair social system, and some Incels have committed violence based on these beliefs. More broadly, self-identified Incels face social and mental health issues and can hold negative beliefs about women and other marginalized genders, which may lead them to harm both themselves and others. In this research, we seek to understand the experiences that may lead men to become Incels. We interviewed 21 people who identified as former Incels about their experiences joining and leaving Incel groups, with the goal of understanding how men find their way into these groups, and how resources might be adapted to prevent young men from becoming Incels. A reflexive thematic analysis generated two major themes with subthemes. The first theme, Seeking help online for struggles meeting masculinity norms, had three subthemes that reflected the specific struggles being experienced: I’m a loser because I can’t get women, I’m all alone, and I have no value. The second theme, Down the rabbit hole: Finding help online from the Incel community, had three subthemes that reflected the several ways they were validated by the community: It’s not your fault, You belong here, and You are special. These findings highlight specific pathways that lead men to Incel communities and why they join them, and potential points for intervention that center pressures for boys and men to conform to masculine norms.
Digital Transformation of Oral Health Care: Measuring the Digitalization of Dental Clinics
Authors: de Ahumada Servant Pedro , Martín-Martín Domingo , Romero Isidoro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe profound transformation of business and society as a whole, brought about by digitalization, calls for the development of business strategies to meet the challenges associated with digital disruption and to manage its marked impact on the competitiveness of organizations. To achieve this goal, it is essential to assess the extent of digital transformation (DT) within businesses, as a crucial initial step in charting the most effective path towards digitalization. Nevertheless, a limitation in the existing literature on digitalization in the healthcare sector is evident in the absence of quantifiable indicators that comprehensively measure and track the progress of DT across all facets of dental clinics. The objective of this paper is the construction of a digitalization indicator, the Dental Data Synthetic Index (DDSI), which allows the accurate measurement of progress in digital development levels within all areas of a dental organization. This instrument can be a useful tool for both diagnosis and digital planning in dental clinics. In this paper, the proposed indicator is supported by its application to a representative sample of dental clinics in Spain, obtained from a survey developed for this purpose.
Season, thermotherapy and surface sterilization play important roles in microbial contamination of hazelnut in vitro cultures
Authors: Şekerli Merve 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe initiation of cultivars for hazelnut micropropagation from mature field-grown plants is challenging due to high contamination levels and low regeneration rates. This study aimed to develop an efficient protocol for establishing in vitro cultures, the crucial first step in hazelnut micropropagation. Three independent experiments were conducted to achieve this goal. In the first experiment, plant materials were collected directly from the field at different times of the year to initiate cultures, with July to August identified as the most suitable period. In the second experiment, one-year-old potted suckers underwent a sanitation program in the greenhouse and were subjected to thermotherapy in the growth chamber before being utilized as explant sources. Nodal explants obtained from these plants were then used to initiate cultures. In the third experiment, various doses and durations of sterilization agents were applied to optimize surface sterilization. The combination of 1% silver nitrate (AgNO3), 0.1% mercury chloride (HgCl2), and 3% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after treatments with 70% ethanol and 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) yielded the best results, with the highest percentage of viable shoots. Overall, thermotherapy treatment to the mother plant was the most effective method for initiating cultures from plants in highly contaminated environments. While cultures initiated with explants from field-grown plants exhibited 53.7% visually clean shoots, this rate increased to 97.4% in plants subjected to thermotherapy. This study, for the first time, evaluated the effectiveness of applying thermotherapy to mother plants to reduce the incidence of microbial contaminants in the establishment stage of hazelnut in vitro propagation.
The legislative history of the EU’s anti-coercion instrument
Authors: Szép Viktor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the last couple of years, the EU and its Member States have increasingly been the target of a number of third-country measures, including US extra-territorial sanctions and Chinese trade embargoes. Some of these measures are ‘caught’ by the Blocking Statute but some have caused headaches to EU policy-makers on how to best tackle them. The Anti-Coercion Instrument, adopted in 2023, is one of the latest tools at the European Union’s (EU) disposal to tackle economic coercion. The aim of this article is to show the legislative history of this new EU instrument and how it came about. The key role of preparing this legislation was played by the so-called ‘geopolitical Commission’ that is nowadays committed to assertively use the EU’s trade competences to advance foreign and security policy objectives. Due to the foreign and security policy implications of the Anti-Coercion Instrument, the article includes some political and security policy statements to better contextualise the need to adopt such a legislation.
Prognostic factors for return to work in patients affected by chronic low back pain: a systematic review
Authors: Russo F. , Papalia G. F. , Diaz Balzani L. A. , Stelitano G. , Zampogna B. , Fontana L. , Vadalà G. , Iavicoli S. , Papalia R. , Denaro V. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChronic low back pain (LBP) represents a leading cause of absenteeism from work. An accurate knowledge of complex interactions is essential in understanding the difficulties of return to work (RTW) experienced by workers affected by chronic LBP. This study aims to identify factors related to chronic LBP, the worker, and the psycho-social environment that could predict and influence the duration of an episode of sick leave due to chronic LBP.Studies reporting the relation between prognostic factors and absenteeism from work in patients with LBP were included. The selected studies were grouped by prognostic factors. The results were measured in absolute terms, relative terms, survival curve, or duration of sick leave. The level of evidence was defined by examining the quality and the appropriateness of findings across studies in terms of significance and direction of relationship for each prognostic factor.A total of 20 studies were included. Prognostic factors were classified in clinical, psycho-social, and social workplace, reaching a total of 31 constructs. Global conditions with less favorable repercussions on worker’s lives resulted in a delay in time to RTW. Older age, female, higher pain or disability, depression, higher physical work demands, and abuse of smoke and alcohol have shown strong level of evidence for negative outcomes.High global health well-being, great socioeconomic status, and good mental health conditions are decisive in RTW outcomes. Interventions that aim at RTW of employee’s sick-listed with LBP should focus on psycho-social aspects, health behaviors, and workplace characteristics.
Legal Perspectives on Research Data Storage
Authors: Beurskens Michael , Scherzinger Stefanie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractResponsibly managing research data has become increasingly important for researchers, especially within the database research community. Despite significant progress in best practices, the state-of-the-art in research data storage is lacking from a legal perspective. We introduce the stakeholders and the dynamic nature of their relationships (such as researchers changing affiliation) and observe that no existing infrastructure for research data storage fully meets their requirements. Therefore, we emphasize the need to design a comprehensive system architecture for research data storage that is aligned with legal considerations from the start, rather than as an afterthought.
Limosilactobacillus fermentum-derived silver nanoparticles: biosynthesis, optimization, and biological activities
Authors: El-Hawary Ahmad S. , Ibrahim Osama M. , Kalaba Mohamed H. , El-Sehrawy Moataz H. , Ismail Mahmoud K. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractProbiotic bacteria represent valuable sources of bioactive metabolites with diverse biological functions. This study focused on isolation and identification of promising probiotic isolates obtained from fermented dairy products, aiming to employ their capability for biosynthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and to assess their biological activities. Among six probiotic examined isolates, isolate HwOs-2 exhibited the most promising characteristics, synthesizing spherical AgNPs ranging from 6 to 23 nm in size, as visualized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM). These nanoparticles displayed a negative zeta potential (−7.11 millivolts), effectively preventing aggregation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of the AgNPs, revealing distinct diffraction peaks at specific 2θ angles (38.2°, 44.3°, 64.5°, and 77.4°) corresponding to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) planes of a face-centered cubic lattice. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the presence of organic coatings on the AgNPs, including proteins, amino acids, and carboxylic acids, potentially contributing to diverse biological activities. Isolate HwOs-2 was identified as Limosilactobacillus fermentum through Vitek2 automated system and 16 S rDNA partial sequence analysis. Furthermore, optimization of AgNP biosynthesis using response surface methodology (RSM) revealed the significant influence of silver nitrate solution volume, while pH and filtrate volume exhibit negligible effects and incubation time displays a curvature effect on AgNP production. Antibacterial assays against seven bacterial strains, encompassing both gram-positive and gram-negative species, demonstrated substantial antibacterial efficacy, with inhibition zones ranging from 20.3 to 27.6 mm against S. typhi and MRSA, respectively. Additionally, the AgNPs exhibited antitumor activity against Caco-2 and Huh-7 cell lines, with IC50 values of 350.08 and 388.35 µg/mL, respectively, while displaying lower cytotoxicity against normal (VERO) cells (IC50 value = 622.17 µg/mL). These findings underscore the biomedical potential of AgNPs produced by Limosilactobacillus fermentum across a spectrum of applications.
Longitudinal Sentiment Analysis with Conversation Textual Data
Authors: Liu Haiyan , Tsang Shelly , Wood Adrienne , Tong Xin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe inherent qualitative nature of textual data poses significant challenges for direct integration into statistical models. This paper presents a two-stage process for analyzing longitudinal textual data, offering a solution to this inherent challenge. The proposed model comprises (1) initial data preprocessing and sentiment extraction, followed by (2) applying a growth curve model to analyze the extracted sentiments directly. The paper also explores four distinct approaches for extracting sentiment scores in the dialogue, providing versatility to the proposed framework. The practical application of the proposed model is demonstrated through the analysis of an empirical longitudinal textual dataset. This framework offers a valuable contribution to the field by addressing the challenges associated with modeling qualitative textual data, providing a robust methodology for extracting and analyzing sentiments longitudinally.
Experimental Assessment of the Flow Recirculation Effect on the Noise Measurement of a Free-Flying Multi-rotor UAS in a Closed Anechoic Chamber
Authors: Ma Zhida , Zhou Peng , Zhang Xin , Zhong Siyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe flow recirculation effect on the noise measurement of a multi-rotor unmanned aircraft system (UAS) hovering in a closed anechoic chamber is experimentally characterized in this work. The measured acoustic spectrogram reveals that the recirculation forms around 30 s after the UAS’s take-off, manifested as prominent fluctuations in blade passage frequency and its harmonics. However, the instantaneous overall sound pressure level shows no obvious increase with the development of the recirculation. The result indicates that the recirculation effect does not significantly change the total acoustic energy but increases the uncertainties in the spectral distribution, which can be quantified by spectral entropy. The quantitative analysis of different noise components shows that the recirculation has a minimal effect on the tonal noise levels but slightly increases the broadband noise level out of the rotors’ plane. The results from parametric tests suggest that this broadband noise increment has a positive correlation with the UAS’s hover height but a negative correlation with the UAS’s gross mass. The comparison with existing studies highlights the difference in the recirculation effect on the noise of isolated rotor(s) and free-flying multi-rotor UAS in confined spaces.
Adhesion, infection, and therapeutic treatment of Helicobacter pylori: a review on current aspects and future promise
Authors: Ong Lih-Lih , Lin Chun-Hung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHelicobacter pyloriis a Gram-negative bacterium infecting over half of the human population worldwide. In addition to causing chronic gastritis, the bacterial infection often progresses to gastrointestinal pathologies at various degrees, including gastric carcinoma. World Health Organization announced in 1994 thatH. pyloriis Group 1 carcinogen. Although antibiotics-based treatment is mostly effective, the alarming rise in drug resistance have resulted in a serious concern for the health.Main bodyThis review covers the aspects of bacterial infection, epidemiology and therapy ofH. pylori. An additional emphasis is placed on the bacterial adhesion and anti-adhesion because the attachment ofH. pylorito gastric epithelial cells is crucial for the pathogenesis. We review several anti-adhesion agents that have been shown to interfere with the bacterial adhesion. These agents can either function as receptor and adhesin analogs or foster preventive probiotics. Furthermore, cholesteryl 6′-O-acyl-α-d-glucopyranoside (CAG), exclusively produced inH. pyloriby the unique biosynthetic pathway, has been shown critical for the bacterial virulence. Studies are reviewed to show how CAG influences bacterial adhesion by affecting membrane features, including lipid rafts clustering.ConclusionOwing to the emerging threat of multiple drug resistance, current therapy is not always effective toH. pyloriinfection, demonstrating the necessity to develop other alternatives. The approaches of anti-adhesion appear to be attractive since they blockade the initial step of bacterial pathogenesis. This in-depth review of anti-adhesive agents and corresponding mechanisms showcases their potential for future development of therapeutic intervention.
Dark-is-More Bias Also in Dark Mode? Perception of Colours in Choropleth Maps in Dark Mode
Authors: Schiewe Jochen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDark mode is an increasingly common design option in which a dark screen background is used with light-coloured text and graphic elements. This option is, therefore, also relevant for the design of screen maps. This article examines the question of whether a “light-is-more bias” also applies in dark mode for the display of choropleth maps, analogous to the “dark-is-more bias” with light backgrounds (i.e. that dark colours are associated with greater attribute values). However, the results of an online study with 214 people show that the dark-is-more bias is still clearly the most frequently used strategy. This frequency is slightly lower compared to the light mode, and it is depending on the specific colour scheme for the dark mode and on user’s expertise. The study results also allow general design recommendations for dark-mode colour schemes for maps.
Biochar prevents soybean seedling injury caused by atrazine residue by regulating the concentration of this herbicide in soil pore water
Authors: Xie Jun , Guo Yage , Ma Yongqiang , Jiang Hongyun , Zhang Lan , Mao Liangang , Zhu Lizhen , Wu Chi , Zheng Yongquan , Liu Xingang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe residue of atrazine in field soils poses a major threat to crop growth in the rotation system, raising concerns about grain security and food safety. Current agricultural production requires more efficient and cost-effective mitigation measures in response to the emerging threat. This study reported the critical concentration (0.1 mg L−1) of atrazine injury to soybean seedlings in soil pore water and how biochar amendment could influence the distribution of atrazine in different soil environments. The results showed that biochar significantly reduced the concentration of atrazine in soil pore water, for example, 0.5% biochar in red (cinnamon, fluvo-aquic, paddy, black) soil reduced atrazine concentration from 0.31 (0.20, 0.18, 0.12, 0.03) mg L−1 to 0.004 (0.002, 0.005, 0.013, 0.011) mg L−1 in pore water (P < 0.01). On the basis of these, a reliable mathematical model was developed to predict the atrazine concentration in soil pore water under (or without) biochar amendment conditions. The verification results showed that the mean absolute percentage error of the model was 14.1%, indicating that the prediction error was within a reasonable range. Our work provides a precise solution to crop injury caused by soil residual herbicides with the aid of biochar, which reduces the bioavailability of atrazine in soybean seedlings. This method not only maximizes the use of biochar but also provides effective crop protection and environmental benefits.
Graphical Abstract
Design and Analysis of a Group of Correlative and Switchable Dual Memristor Hyperchaotic Systems
Authors: Fang Jie , Wang Jiabin , Fang Na , Jiang Yong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a group of correlative and switchable dual memristor hyperchaotic systems consisting of three subsystems is constructed. The common part of the systems is composed of charge-controlled memristor, capacitor and inductor. The switchable parts of the systems are composed of three different flux-controlled memristors. By switching the selection switch, different flux-controlled memristors can be selected to form different subsystems. The chaotic dynamics analysis show that the three subsystems all can be in the hyperchaotic state within the same parameter range. The equivalent analogy electronic circuit of charge-controlled memristor, three flux-controlled memristors, and the whole switchable system are designed. The circuit simulation results are consistent with the numerical simulation results, proving the physical feasibility of the correlative and switchable dual memristor hyperchaotic systems. The structure of the switchable system is simple and easy to implement through electronic circuit elements. One circuit can achieve the functionality of multiple hyperchaotic systems by switching the selection switch. This provides new ideas for integration of chaotic circuits and their applications in the fields of information security, random number generator, signal detection, etc.
Numerical Calculations of Adiabatic Invariants From MHD‐Driven Magnetic Fields
Authors: da Silva D. E. , Elkington S. R. , Li X. , Murphy J. , Hudson M. K. , Wiltberger M. J. , Chan A. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe adiabatic invariants (M, J, Φ) and the related invariants (M, K, L*) have been established as effective coordinate systems for describing radiation belt dynamics at a theoretical level, and through numerical techniques, can be paired with in situ observations to order phase‐space density. To date, methods for numerical techniques to calculate adiabatic invariants have focused on empirical models such the Tsyganenko models TS05, T96, and T89. In this work, we develop methods based on numerical integration and variable step size iteration for the calculation of adiabatic invariants, applying the method to the Lyon‐Fedder‐Mobarry (LFM) global magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) simulation code, with optional coupling to the Rice Convection Model (RCM). By opening the door to adiabatic invariant modeling with MHD magnetic fields, the opportunity for exploratory modeling work of radiation belt dynamics is enabled. Calculations performed using LFM are cross‐referenced with the same code applied to the T96 and TS05 Tsyganenko models evaluated on the LFM grid. Important aspects of the adiabatic invariant calculation are reviewed and discussed, including (a) sensitivity to magnetic field model used, (b) differences in the problem between quiet and disturbed geomagnetic states, and (c) the selection of key parameters, such as the magnetic local time step size for drift shell determination. The rigorous development and documentation of this algorithm additionally acts as preliminary step for future thorough reassessment of in situ phase‐space density results using alternative magnetic field models.
Measured and Modeled Trends of Seven Tropospheric Pollutants in the High Arctic From 1999 to 2022
Authors: Wizenberg T. , Strong K. , Jones D. B. A. , Hannigan J. W. , Ortega I. , Mahieu E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe long‐term trends and seasonality of many tropospheric pollutants are not well characterized in the high Arctic due to a dearth of trace‐gas measurements in this remote region. In this study, the inter‐ and intra‐annual variabilities of carbon monoxide (CO), acetylene (C2H2), ethane (C2H6), methanol (CH3OH), formaldehyde (H2CO), formic acid (HCOOH), and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the high Arctic region were derived from the total column time‐series of ground‐based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) measurements at Eureka, Nunavut (80.05°N, 86.42°W, 2006–2020) and Thule, Greenland (76.53°N, 68.74°W, 1999–2022). Consistent seasonal cycles were observed in the FTIR measurements at both sites for all species. Negative trends were observed for CO, C2H2, and CH3OH at both sites, and for HCOOH at Eureka. Positive trends were detected for C2H6 and H2CO at both sites, and for PAN at Eureka. Additionally, a 19‐year simulation was performed using the novel GEOS‐Chem High Performance model v14.1.1 for the period of 2003–2021. The model was able to reproduce the observed seasonality of all gases, but all species showed negative biases relative to observations, and CH3OH was found to have a particularly large bias of approximately −70% relative to the FTIR measurements. The GEOS‐Chem modeled trends broadly agreed with observations for all species except C2H6, H2CO, and PAN, which were found to have opposite trends in the model. For some species, the measurement‐model differences are suspected to be the result of errors or underestimations in the emissions inventories used in the simulation.