bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coordinating Compounds
Authors: Arcodia Giorgio Francesco 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCoordinating compounds, often referred to by their Sanskrit name dvandva, may be loosely defined as complex word forms in which all of the constituent lexemes (typically, two) share the same status, as Eng. bittersweet. The definition and delimitation of the category of coordinating compounds involves two issues: first, what a ‘compound’ is and how do we distinguish coordinating compounds from other multiword expressions; secondly, the understanding of what coordination is, and how it is to be distinguished from other, non‐symmetrical relations (e.g. subordination). This article will provide an overview on coordination in compounding, discussing classifications of coordinating compounds with extensive exemplification from typologically diverse languages.
Exploring the Challenges of Climate Science Literacy: Lessons from Students, Teachers and Lifelong Learners
Authors: Dupigny‐Giroux Lesley‐Ann L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractToday more than ever, being climate literate is a critical skill and knowledge area that influences our interaction with the environment around us, our understanding of scientific news and the daily decisions that we make. Yet, the term climate literacy can be misunderstood, as are the terms weather, climate and climate variability. This article surveys the existing literature and highlights six challenges to achieving a climate literate citizenry in both formal and informal or lifelong learning. The lessons learned from high school and undergraduate students, teachers and lifelong learners, many of whom are retired, serve as the threads which are woven into a tapestry of strategies for embedding climate science principles across entire school curricula as well as society at large.
Future Promises for Contemporary Social and Cultural Geographies of the Sea
Authors: Peters Kimberley 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSeventy per cent of the Earth’s surface is sea. Yet, until recently social and cultural geographers have failed to pay much attention to this aspect of the world in which we live, with the most notable contributions deriving from historical perspectives. This study examines the work characterising this area of research before outlining possible reasons for the failure of consistent and comprehensive examination of the seas and ships for social and cultural geographers who take a more contemporary focus. The sea has been typically understood as inferior to and marginal from the land and invisible in modern consciousness, yet it is nonetheless a vital space and one that is integral to the workings of the world as we currently know it. This study travels through the ways in which modern‐day examinations of the maritime world are developing before outlining future promises that are surfacing for more contemporary social and cultural geographies of the sea. The study offers an overview of the relationship between social and cultural geography and the sea, contending by way of a conclusion for a greater volume of contemporary work considering maritime spaces to expand and deepen geographic understandings of the watery world.
Visceral Geographies: Mattering, Relating, and Defying
Authors: Hayes‐Conroy Jessica , Hayes‐Conroy Allison 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study explores the task of doing ‘visceral geographies,’ enrolling many areas of body‐centered scholarship in the task of better understanding the visceral realm including geographies of affect and emotion, non‐representational theory, sensuous and haptic geographies, health and disability studies, and scholarship on performance and movement. The authors desire to open lines of connection and communication between and beyond the current bounds of this scholarship. In doing so, the authors attempt to clarify the goals of visceral geography, particularly in terms of political action and social change. Three goals stand out: first, visceral geographies advance understandings of the agency of physical matter, both within and between bodies. Second, visceral geographies move beyond static notions of the individual body and toward more contextualized and interactive versions of the self and other. And third, visceral geographies encourage a skepticism of boundaries by insisting on the imagining and practicing of our (political) lives in, through, and beyond dualistic tensions.
The Use of Repeat Photography in Contemporary Geomorphic Studies: An Evolving Approach to Understanding Landscape Change
Authors: Cerney Dawna L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe long and continued use of repeat photography, in geomorphology and other natural science studies, attests to the benefits of its employment as a methodology for historical reconstruction and process recognition. This article reviews the use of repeat photography as a tool in observing and understanding geomorphic patterns and processes that have been carried out over the last 40 years. This is not an exhaustive review of the literature, but rather an investigation of the main geomorphic themes that have been studied along with methods of application and adaptations of the methods to improve data quality. Areas of research which have had little to no significant application, but could benefit from its use, are discussed.
The Cultural Economy of Small Cities
Authors: Jayne Mark , Gibson Chris , Waitt Gordon , Bell David 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper contributes to a burgeoning body of literature which seeks to highlight the importance of studying small cities. Dissatisfaction with urban theory dominated by study of ‘the city’ defined in terms of a small number of ‘global’ cities has led theorists to consider what is lost as a consequence of this bias. Although there is long way to go to challenge the orthodoxies of urban theory dominated by study of the ‘biggest and best’, here we focus on an area of small cities research where progress has been made towards developing a more inclusive agenda. This study reviews research into the cultural economy of small cities and highlights a growing body of rich and detailed literature. Despite this progress, however, we argue that a coherent and clear research agenda is yet to emerge. To this end, we signpost ways in which bolder theoretical and empirical questions can be developed that can begin to make more of a significant impact on urban theory.
The use of sutures in Australian veterinary practices
Authors: Bellenger CR , Meek MA 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYOne hundred and twenty six respondents at a continuing education course in February 1986 provided information on suture use in their practice. The 100 responses from four Australian states were subject to analysis of suture type and size used for various procedures and correlated with practice type, location and state. The use of gut and nonabsorbable sutures in cassettes was pervasive. Superior materials and sutures in indvidual foil packets were used commonly only for a more complicated procedure (enterotomy).
Trajectory to a first episode of psychosis: a qualitative research study with families
Authors: Corcoran Cheryl , Gerson Ruth , Sills‐Shahar Rachel , Nickou Connie , McGlashan Thomas , Malaspina Dolores , Davidson Larry 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim: The trajectory in psychotic disorders which leads from a relatively normal premorbid state in young people to a first episode of psychosis is only partly understood. Qualitative research methods can be used to begin to elucidate the temporal unfolding of symptoms leading to a first episode of psychosis, and its impact on families.Methods: We conducted open‐ended interviews with family members of 13 patients with recent onset non‐affective psychotic disorders, which focused on changes observed, effects on the family, explanatory models, help‐seeking patterns and future expectations. Standard data analytic methods employed for qualitative research were used.Results: Narratives by family members were remarkably similar. First, social withdrawal and mood symptoms developed in previously normal children; these changes were typically ascribed to drugs or stress, or to the ‘storminess’ of adolescence. Coping strategies by family members included prayer and reasoning/persuasion with the young person, and family initially sought help from friends and religious leaders. Entry into the mental health system was then catalysed by the emergence of overt symptoms, such as ‘hearing voices’, or violent or bizarre behaviour. Family members perceived inpatient hospitalization as traumatic or difficult, and had diminished expectations for the future.Conclusions: Understanding families' explanatory models for symptoms and behavioural changes, and their related patterns of help‐seeking, may be useful for understanding evolution of psychosis and for the design of early intervention programmes. Dissatisfaction with hospitalization supports the mandate to improve systems of care for recent‐onset psychosis patients, including destigmatization and a focus on recovery.
Early interventions and lessons from Harvard Business Review
Authors: Chong Siow‐Ann 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim: To describe the establishment and development of an Early Psychosis Intervention Programme in Singapore that is based on a business model and with concepts drawn from the corporate world.Methods: The author who directed this programme describes the circumstances that led to this initiative, the ideas borrowed and adapted from the corporate world, and the lessons learnt in setting up this intervention programme. The modus operandi of the programme is based on the Balanced Scorecard – a model which stresses four equally important components: customers, internal processes, financial health and learning and innovation. Other complementary actions like creating a sense of urgency, forging a vision with a core ideology, empowerment of team members, creating short‐term wins, anchoring the changes and finding meaning in the work are vital for the programme to thrive.Results: This model also emphasizes the importance of accountability through the measurability of indicators. These indicators included a significant reduction in the duration of untreated psychosis, a positive change in the referral patterns with better engagement of the primary health‐care sector and an improvement in the quality of care for the patients.Conclusions: Much can be learnt from the business world in building and maintaining a public mental health programme. Effective change also requires effective leadership, and the successful implementation of certain strategic steps.
Case reports: an opportunity for early intervention: velo‐cardio‐facial syndrome and psychosis
Authors: Starling Jean , Harris Anthony W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAims and method: Velo‐cardio‐facial syndrome is the most common micro deletion syndrome in man, with the typically deleted region in the 22q11area, an area that contains many genes with possible links to mental illnesses. The syndrome phenotype includes multiple physical abnormalities, learning disorders and a greatly increased risk of developing a psychotic disorder. A series of three cases is presented to describe some of the psychiatric manifestations of the velo‐cardio‐facial syndrome.Results: The three young people presented here all had an illness of long duration that was difficult to treat, with significant side effects of treatment and varying degrees of recovery.Conclusions: As more children with genetic syndromes are identified early and monitored by genetic clinics and other paediatric services, there is an opportunity for psychiatric services to provide early intervention for a group of patients who are likely to have a poor response to treatment if they present with an advanced psychosis. Studying the deletions in the 22q11 area also has great potential for investigating possible causes of a genetic vulnerability to psychotic illness.
Parent attitudes and parent adolescent interaction in families of youth at risk for psychosis and with recent‐onset psychotic symptoms
Authors: O'Brien Mary P. , Zinberg Jamie L. , Bearden Carrie E. , Lopez Steven R. , Kopelowicz Alex , Daley Melita , Cannon Tyrone D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim: This study investigated the behavioural correlates of caregiver attitudes among parents of youth at risk for psychosis and with recent‐onset psychotic symptoms.Methods: Forty adolescents identified as ultra‐high‐risk (UHR) for psychosis using the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes, and their primary caregivers, participated in the Family Interaction Task (FIT), a 10‐minute discussion of meaningful shared experiences that allowed families to demonstrate supportive as well as conflict‐engaging behaviour. At the same assessment, caregivers were administered the Camberwell Family Interview (CFI). We examined cross‐sectional relationships between these measures, as well as their association with youth symptom severity and functioning at 4‐month follow‐up.Results: As predicted, caregivers who provided more positive remarks regarding their UHR and recent‐onset adolescents during the CFI were also more likely to exhibit constructive behaviour during the FIT. Similarly, CFI critical comments were positively associated with caregivers' conflict‐engaging behaviour during the FIT. Parents' positive remarks predicted a decrease in negative symptoms, and parent warmth predicted an increase in social functioning at follow‐up assessment.Conclusions: The ability to maintain a constructive attitude and approach towards youth predicted symptomatic and functional improvement, and may be a teachable skill.
The Italian guidelines for early intervention in schizophrenia: development and conclusions
Authors: De Masi Salvatore , Sampaolo Letizia , Mele Alfonso , Morciano Cristina , Cappello Salvatore , Meneghelli Anna , De Girolamo Giovanni 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim: The effectiveness of early intervention in schizophrenia is still under discussion. The guidelines described in the present paper were aimed at contributing to the current debate by providing Italian practitioners, families, patients and health managers with evidence‐based information on early intervention. They also examined the diagnostic tools that are currently available for assessing different stages of psychotic disorders.Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of experts (the Guidelines Development Group) used a set of key‐questions to develop an explicit search strategy to conduct a systematic review of the literature published from January 2000 to June 2006. Trained personnel then selected papers from those yielded by the literature search. The Guidelines Development Group's final recommendations were scaled according to the Italian National Guidelines System grading system.Results: The evidence available up to the time of the literature search does not allow for recommendation of early intervention targeting prodromal or at‐risk patients to prevent progression from the prodromal phase to acute, full‐blown psychosis, nor to improve prognosis. Conversely, identification and timely treatment of first‐episode psychotic patients through specific early intervention programmes are highly recommended.Conclusions: The Italian Guidelines on early intervention in schizophrenia are based on a comprehensive assessment of an updated, large‐scale body of literature. They draw specific, evidence‐based conclusions to assist clinicians and stakeholders in the planning and implementation of appropriate intervention programmes. Further research is needed to ascertain the effectiveness of early intervention in delaying or preventing the conversion to psychosis and improving prognosis in prodromal or at‐risk patients. Further investigation is also required for first‐episode and critical period patients.
Selection due to nonretention mortality in gillnet fisheries for salmon
Authors: Baker Matthew R. , Kendall Neala W. , Branch Trevor A. , Schindler Daniel E. , Quinn Thomas P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFisheries often exert selective pressures through elevated mortality on a nonrandom component of exploited stocks. Selective removal of individuals will alter the composition of a given population, with potential consequences for its size structure, stability and evolution. Gillnets are known to harvest fish according to size. It is not known, however, whether delayed mortality due to disentanglement from gillnets exerts selective pressures that reinforce or counteract harvest selection. We examined gillnet disentanglement in exploited populations of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Bristol Bay, Alaska, to characterize the length distribution of fish that disentangle from gillnets and determine whether nonretention mortality reinforces harvest selection and exerts common pressures according to sex and age. We also evaluated discrete spawning populations to determine whether nonretention affects populations with different morphologies in distinct ways. In aggregate, nonretention mortality in fish that disentangle from gillnets counters harvest selection but with different effects by sex and age. At the level of individual spawning populations, nonretention mortality may exert stabilizing, disruptive, or directional selection depending on the size distribution of a given population. Our analyses suggest nonretention mortality exerts significant selective pressures and should be explicitly included in analyses of fishery‐induced selection.
Discovery of a New Pterosaur in Western Liaoning, China
Authors: Shu'an Ji , Qiang Ji 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe pterosaur from the Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, is characterized by the medium–sized individual, short tail, presence of the gastralia, strong forelimbs, radius and ulna longer than wing–metacarpal, extremely narrow and elongate metatarsals, degenerated and small phalanx V of hindlimb and so on. It must be a new genus and species, Eosipterus yangi gen. et sp. nov., in the early groups of the Suborder Pterodactyloidea. This is the first record of pterosaurs found in Liaoning Province. The fossil provides new evidence for further determining the nature and geological time of the Jehol Fauna and for studying the palaeogeography and palaeoenvironment.
New Occurrence of the Early Cambrian Chengjiang Fauna in Haikou, Kunming, Yunnan Province, and Study on Trilobitoidea
Authors: Huilin Luo , Shixue Hu , Shishan Zhang , Yonghe Tao 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper gives a brief report on the new occurrence of the Early Cambrian Qiongzhusi' an Chengjiang fauna in the Haikou area, Kunming and its assemblage feature and the stratigraphic section of the horizon yielding these fossils. Eight genera and 8 species of Trilobitoidea are described here, embracing Leanchoilia asiatica Luo et Hu (sp. nov.), Yohoia sinensis Luo et Hu (sp. nov.), Zhongxinia speciosa Luo et Hu (gen. et sp. nov.), Xandarella spectuculum Hou et al., Dianchia mirabilis Luo et Hu (gen. et sp. nov.), Kuamaia lata Hou, Retifacies longispinus Luo et Hu (sp. nov.) and Sinoburius lunaris Hou et al.
Malanite—A New Cupric Platinum (Pt3+) and Iridium (Ir3+) Sulphide
Authors: Zuxiang Yu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMalanite was first found in veinlets of disseminated copper–nickel ores in Zunhua County, Hebei Province, and then in platinum–bearing chromite ores in Shuangfeng Village, Yanshan. In the former case, malanite appears as octahedrons or dodecahedrons associated with pyrrhotite, pentlandite, sperrylite and cooperite; while in the latter case, it is massive or present in anhedral glomerocrysts, filling in cracks of iridisite and associated with osmiride, ferrian platinum and iridisite. Malanite is steel–grey in colour, opaque with metallic lustre and black streaks and brittle with no magnetism. HM= 5.0, VHN20 = 417kg/mm2, cleavage {111} sometimes observed. The calculated density is 7.57 g/cm3. The reflective colour is white with a light green tint. Internal reflections are not observed. This mineral is isotropic, showing no birefiection or reflection pleochroism in air. By means of electron microprobe analysis, the empirical formula (based on 7 atoms) is expressed as (Cu0.93Fe0.06) Σ0.99(Pt1.03Ir0.66Rh0.04 pd0.03Co0.20Ni0.03)1.99S4.03) or (Cu0.95Fe0.07)Σ1.02 (Pt1.37Ir0.45Co0.11Rh0.08)Σ2.01S3.97. Five strongest lines (hkl, d, I) of X–ray powder diffraction data of malanite are 311,2.98 (6);400,2.48(5); 333,1.90(7); 440, 1.75 (10); 731, 1.29 (5). It was known on the basis of X–ray powder diffraction data that malanite is cubic, and the space group is Fd3m with a = 0.9940nm, V = 0.9821 (3) nm3 and Z = 4. The type material of malanite is deposited at the Geological Museum of China (GMC)
Feldspar Lead Isotopic Composition of Granitoids from the Eastern Qinling Orogenic Belt and Their Tectonic Significance
Authors: Hongfei Zhang , Benren Zhang , Zhidan Zhao , Tingchuan Luo , Yuelong Chen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper reports 48 feldspar lead isotope analyses from 27 granitic intrusions, which formed from the Late Proterozic to Mesozoic within the Eastern Qinling oregenic belt. It is found that the granitic rocks of South Qinling are characterized by a strong block–effect and depletion in U–Pb and Th–Pb, showing that these rocks came from the same lead isotope tectono–geochemical province, while those of North Qinling are characterized by higher U–Pb and Th–Pb for Late Proterozoic to Early Paleozoic ones and lower U–Pb and Th–Pb for Late—Palaeozoic and younger ones in their feldspar lead isotopic composition. In the North Qinling block, lead isotopic signatures reflect that the source of granitic magma had changed since the Late Palaeozoic. Comparison of feldspar lead isotopic composition between South Qinling and North Qinling shows that there is marked difference in lead isotopic composition for pre–Palaeozoic granitoids, indicating that the South Qinling and the North Qinling blocks belong to different tectonic units, but the similarities in lead isotopic composition are quite clear, which indicates that the South Qinling block had been welded with the North Qinling block and that the magma sources of both blocks were identical. The analysis provides direct evidence for underplating of the continental crust of South Qinling beneath the North Qinling block in the continent–continent interaction stage of the Eastern Qinling oregenic belt.
On the Genesis of the Super–large Baguamiao Gold Deposit in Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province
Authors: Jianhua Zhong , Guowei Zhang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Baguamiao gold deposit in Fengxian County, Shaanxi Province, is a recently explored super–large gold ore deposit. A comprehensive and deep–going study has revealed that it is a polygenetic deposit: early—stage mineralization due to shearing, middle–stage mineralization due to hydrothermal alteration, and late—stage mineralization due to weathering, leaching and concentration at shallow depths. Shearing played a dominant role in the formation of gold orebodies.
Cycle—Sequences, Carbon Isotope Features and Glacio–Eustasy of the Triticites Zone in Southern Guizhou
Authors: Rufeng Li , Benpei Liu , Chenglin Zhao 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn light of the principle of sequence stratigraphy, detailed analysis of depositional sequences and systematical carbon isotope measurements were done for the Triticites zone of the typical Late Carboniferous section in the Dushan area of southern Guizhou. Two sequences and seventeen parasequences, which can be correlated with the two sequences and seventeen subsequences in the North American Midcontinent, are distinguished in the Gzhelian, which provides convincing evidence of the global synchroneity of the depositional records. The internal relations between carbon isotope evolution and eustasy were studied and the evolutionary characteristics of carbon isotopes in depositional sequences have been summarized.