bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of dual secondary injection for thrust vectoring
Authors: Mohammadi Elham , Toloei Alireza 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the flowfield structure and performance of dual secondary injection system for thrust vectoring in a convergent‐divergent nozzle and to compare it with a single secondary injection system.Design/methodology/approachDual secondary injection for thrust vectoring in a convergent‐divergent nozzle is studied by solving three‐dimensional Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations by the means of Fluent. Realizable k‐ε turbulent model with enhanced wall‐treatment approach is used for viscous model. Density‐based solver and explicit scheme are employed in the computational model. In order to study the effect of injection location on the flowfield, distance between ports is considered as the key variable.FindingsResults show that under some circumstances, dual secondary injection system is more effective than a single injection system with the same mass flow rate. The study shows that when the distance between two ports is 8.5 times of the injection port's diameter (or more) and in the same time the first injection port is at least 1 throat diameter far from the nozzle throat, this system will show a better performance. In addition, this system reduces the probability of bow shock impingement to the opposite wall and consequently, the side force production has less limitation.Practical implicationsDual secondary injection for thrust vector control (SITVC) needs less secondary flow and therefore it makes less reduction in the primary thrust. It means that for a specific primary thrust, less mass fuel is needed which makes it more economic regarding the traditional SITVC systems.Originality/valueThe paper's value lies in using a three‐dimensional model to study the effect of two ports distance on SITVC performance and comparison among the performance of dual and single injections when there is an impingement.
Foreign object debris surveillance network for runway security
Authors: Chen Weishi , Xu Qunyu , Ning Huansheng , Wang Taosheng , Li Jing 
Published: July 2011

PurposeForeign object debris (FOD) poses a significant hazard to aviation safety and brings huge economic losses to the aerospace industry due to aircraft damage and out‐of‐service delays. Different schemes and sensors have been utilized for FOD detection. This paper aims to look into a video‐based FOD detection system for airport runway security and propose a scheme for FOD surveillance network establishment.Design/methodology/approachThe FOD detection algorithm for the system is analyzed in detail, including four steps of pre‐processing, background subtraction, post‐processing and FOD location.FindingsThe overall algorithm is applied to two sets of live video images. The results show that the algorithm is effective for FOD targets of different shades under different lighting conditions. The proposed system is also evaluated by the ground‐truth data collected at Nanyang Airport.Practical implicationsThe runway security can be greatly increased by designing an affordable video‐based FOD detection system.Originality/valueThe paper presents critical techniques of video‐based FOD detection system. The scheme for FOD surveillance network, as a significant part of aviation risk management at airports, is applicable and extensible.
Integrated approach for rotor blade manufacturing cost estimate
Authors: Lin Than , Lee Jae‐Woo , Lwin Tun 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to develop an integrated model for composite rotor blade manufacturing cost estimates at the conceptual design stage. The integrated model seeks to provide a rapid and dynamic feedback based on evaluating the manufacturing cost estimate for a new product design at the conceptual design stage. This paper describes the automated estimating process for design to manufacturing cost of composite rotor blade.Design/methodology/approachAn integrated approach is implemented for evaluating the manufacturing cost estimates. The paper develops each module of the computer‐aided parametric model generation, time estimation models for composite manufacturing processes and decision support system. Finally, process flow data integration is done for all the modules. An example for a complicated geometric rotor blade is shown in this research paper. The results are compared in different design parameters and discussed.FindingsThe data integration for this approach was built by using ModelCenter® software. It is easier and more robust to apply than the other proposed methods. The selection of design, material and manufacturing parameters is achieved by integrated model within a short period of time.Practical implicationsThis paper provides an integrated concurrent approach for manufacturing cost evaluation of composite rotor blade. Manufacturing factors could be considered at the early stage of product development phase.Originality/valueThis paper suggests an effective and efficient way of evaluating the manufacturing cost at the conceptual stage of the design process. The concurrent engineering and integrated product process development approaches were addressed.
Impact of nutrition knowledge on behaviour towards health claims on foodstuffs
Authors: Lalor Fiona , Kennedy Jean , Wall Patrick G. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis study aims to investigate whether nutrition knowledge impacts on the credibility and purchase behaviour of foodstuffs that make health claims.Design/methodology/approachThe UCD Food and Health Survey is a monthly online survey, which began in November 2008. In March 2009, participants were asked a series of questions pertaining to nutrition and health claims and 665 completed questionnaires were included for analysis. Participants' level of nutrition knowledge was measured using a combined and modified version of Parmenter and Wardle's General Nutrition Knowledge Questionnaire (1999) and that of Hawkes and Nowak (1998). Perceived credibility was gauged using a semantic differential scale and the questionnaire was designed to also assess participants' purchasing behaviour of functional foods.FindingsFemales scored significantly higher than males for nutrition knowledge (p=0.004) but there was no significant difference in nutrition knowledge between age groups. “Reduces feelings of hunger” was deemed the most credible claim. With the exception of “This yogurt drink will strengthen your bones and teeth”, there was no difference in credibility between high and low nutrition knowledge groups. Health claims were more credible to participants when found on yogurt and breakfast cereal when compared with pasta and chocolate. Products claiming to reduce cholesterol were purchased more in the previous month than any of the other products and the same product was purchased statistically more often by those participants in the older age group.Research limitations/implicationsA limitation of this study was that the panel were younger and more formally educated than the general public. They were also more likely to be female. The gender bias may be because the survey was food and health‐based and therefore may not have appealed to men as a more generally themed survey might have done. The results of this study should be considered therefore with this limitation in mind.Practical implicationsPeople do not consider products with health claims to be a uniform category of foodstuffs and participants' level of nutrition knowledge does not have a significant impact on their behaviour towards products carrying health claims.Originality/valueKnowledge of nutrition does not impact on people's reactions to products with health claims and different foods demonstrate different levels of credibility as carriers for health claims.
Identification of critical points during domestic food preparation: an observational study
Authors: Kennedy Jean , Gibney Sarah , Nolan Aisling , O'Brien Stephen , McMahon M. Ann S. , McDowell David , Fanning Seamus , Wall Patrick G. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene's (IFH) approach to infectious disease prevention is “targeted hygiene”, which means identifying the routes of transmission of infection in the home and community, and targeting hygiene measures at “critical points” (CPs) to break the chain of transmission. This paper aims to identify and prioritise CPs in the home kitchen environment during food preparation in order to inform food safety campaigns.Design/methodology/approachThis study involved: filming participants (n=60) while they prepared a meal according to a specified recipe (30 beef/salad burgers and 30 chicken salads); swabbing key potential contamination sites in the participant's kitchen for microbiological testing; sampling the meat and salad components of the cooked meal for microbiological testing; visual inspection and temperature check of the meat after cooking; and administering a survey of knowledge, attitudes and demographic factors.FindingsThis study has identified the critical points (CPs) during domestic food preparation as: CP1: correct cooking practices; CP2: prevention of cross‐contamination; and CP3: correct food storage practices. Statistically significant links were found between food safety knowledge and behaviour as well as between food safety attitudes and demographic factors.Originality/valueThis is the first study to link all aspects of observed consumer food safety practices in the home to food safety knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, psychosocial and demographic factors to identify these CPs.
Organic food consumption in families with juvenile children
Authors: Riefer Angelika , Hamm Ulrich 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to provide insight into why organic food consumption in families decreases when children become adolescent. Further, it seeks to derive practical implications for food marketing.Design/methodology/approachThe results stem from two qualitative studies. In the first study the development of organic food consumption in families was investigated from a parents' perspective. In the second, juveniles' influence on organic food consumption in families was examined. In both studies data were collected by means of problem‐centred interviews. Data were analysed with Grounded Theory procedures according to Strauss and Corbin (1990) in the first study and with content analysis according to Mayring (2007) in the second.FindingsChildren's transition into adolescence often represents a causal condition for a reduction of organic food consumption in families due to juveniles' preferences for conventional food in product categories such as sweets, salty snacks or breakfast cereals. Concessions of parents to their children's preferences are based on strategies like being liberal, avoiding conflicts or letting children have their own experiences. Parents' strategies depend on their evaluation of conventional food.Practical implicationsMarketing for organic food should increasingly involve the demands of juveniles since they are considered to be an attractive target group.Originality/valueNo insights exist for the investigated phenomenon.
Where innovation processes make a difference in products' short‐ and long‐term market success
Authors: Enzing Christien M. , Batterink Maarten H. , Janszen Felix H.A. , Omta S.W.F. (Onno) 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to investigate with reference to which factors the innovation processes of new and improved products differ and how these factors relate to the products' success on the market, with a specific focus on technology‐ and market‐related factors.Design/methodology approachData were collected on 129 products of the Dutch food and beverages (F&B) industry announced in professional journals in 1998. Questionnaires were used in 2000 to evaluate product innovativeness, product innovation process factors and short‐term market performance; whereas in 2005 long‐term market performance was measured.FindingsThe results show that there are considerable differences in the innovation processes of new versus improved products and in the role of process‐related aspects in the short‐ and long‐term market success of these products. Interestingly, taking the current emphasis on market orientation in the F&B industry into account, technology‐related aspects are especially crucial for long‐term market success.Originality/valueThe study distinguishes between product development processes of new versus improved products and relates innovation process factors to the success not of the company as a whole but of the specific product that is under development. This is a new approach. Moreover, the success of products is measured not only soon after market launch, but also after several years. It fills an important research gap by investigating success factors of products that have become cash cows of F&B companies.
Consumers' and producers' expectations towards geographical indications
Authors: Teuber Ramona 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper's objective is to investigate consumers' and producers' expectations towards geographical indications (GIs) in a German context, where this certification scheme has not been widely used so far.Design/methodology/approachData for the consumer side were obtained by a structured questionnaire. A total of 741 consumers were asked online with respect to their knowledge and expectations towards geographical indications in general and Hessian apple wine in particular. The collected data were analysed by an explorative factor analysis and a binary logit model. Additionally, data for the producer side were collected via an in‐depth interview with one major producer of Hessian apple wine.FindingsThe consumer side results indicate that Hessian consumers' awareness and knowledge about GIs is very limited. Moreover, it is found that the quality warranty dimension is not as important as the economic support dimension and perceived authenticity of the product. A hypothetical willingness to pay for protection is mainly driven by consumer perceptions and expectations towards the positive impacts of geographical indications on the local economy. The producer side results highlight that the most important motivation to apply for a protected G1 (PGI) is to secure the established reputation against misuse by competing producers in order to ensure the quality level of Hessian apple wine.Practical implicationsThe findings indicate that a PGI is by no means a self‐runner. The positive impacts of this certification scheme have to be communicated to consumers in order to be successful.Originality/valueEmpirical evidence regarding consumers' knowledge and expectations towards geographical indications in a non‐Mediterranean context is limited. The present paper contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence for a German case study.
Food miles: time for a re‐think?
Authors: Coley David , Howard Mark , Winter Michael 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test the efficacy of the concept of food miles that has proved so popular with the public as a means of assessing the sustainability of produce.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses data from a UK major food importer and retailer to correlate carbon emissions from transport, and transport‐related storage, with food miles by creating farm‐specific mode‐weighted emission factors.FindingsThe correlation is found to be poor for a wide range of products and locations and it is clear that the mode of transport is as important as the distance, with sourcing from parts of the Mediterranean resulting in emissions greater than those from the Americas.Practical implicationsIt is concluded that it is difficult to justify the use of food miles when attempting to influence purchasing behaviour. Because of this result, processes and tools have been developed that relay information on true transport‐related carbon emissions to customers and bulk purchasers that allow them to make informed decisions.Originality/valueThis paper questions the value of using the concept of food miles as a driving force for changing purchasing behaviour by either the customer or the purchasing department of a retailer.
What do we mean by the term “talent” in talent management?
Authors: Tansley Carole 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to consider the ways the notion of “talent” has developed over many years, both historically and linguistically, in a number of European and non‐European languages and in use in organisations, and its use in talent management.Design/methodology/approachThe information was gained from a literature review of key reports on talent management and a major review of ten organisations across sectors and by interviewing over 100 individuals involved in talent management programmes in the UK and abroad. Holden and Tansley also conducted a philological analysis of the word “talent” from both an historical and a linguistic‐comparative perspective analysing publications by consultancies and articles in the management press considering both literal (denotative) definitions and metaphoric (connotative) associations of the term talent in English, noting contrasting usages of the word in other languages.FindingsThere is no single or universal contemporary definition of “talent” in any one language; there are different organisational perspectives of talent. Current meanings of talent tend to be specific to an organisation and highly influenced by the nature of the work undertaken. A shared organisational language for talent is important. There is high level of influence of management consultants in the development of the term in managing people with unique knowledge and skills.Practical implicationsOrganisational talent, in order that it can be identified and developed, must be visible, stimulated and nurtured, and the first step to this is to have an agreed organisational definition of talent.Social implicationsTalent management that only recognises a narrow definition of talent negatively impacts on the full utilisation of a nation's talents.Originality/valueThere are no other articles currently published which attempt to define talent from such a historical, linguistic, organisational and individual perspective.
Measuring research excellence
Authors: Rodríguez‐Navarro Alonso 
Published: July 2011

PurposeSeveral bibliometric indicators that are extensively used to estimate research performance have not been validated against an external criterion of excellence. This paper aims to investigate whether this validation is possible using the number of Nobel Prize awards.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses several analytical treatments of the data to investigate: whether Nobel Prize awards are sporadic events or they depend on the scientific activity of countries or institutions and can be used in research evaluation; and the association between the number of Nobel Prize achievements and conventional bibliometric indicators across countries and institutions.FindingsThis study finds that conventional bibliometric indicators, numbers of publications, citations, and top 1 per cent most cited publications, correlate with the number of Nobel Prize achievements in several advanced countries with similar research abilities. Contrarily, in countries and institutions with more variable research characteristics, there is no association between conventional bibliometric indicators and the number of Nobel Prize achievements, and their use as indicators of research excellence is not valid. In contrast, the number of national articles in Nature and Science correlates with the number of Nobel Prize achievements across countries and institutions.Practical implicationsScience administrators implementing research evaluations and research incentives based on conventional bibliometric indicators should consider that increasing the scores of these indicators does not imply an improvement in research excellence.Originality/valueThe study demonstrates that Nobel Prize achievements are not singular events that occur by chance. Therefore, the number of Nobel Prize achievements can be used to validate bibliometric indicators.
Marketing and promotion of e‐books in academic libraries
Authors: Vasileiou Magdalini , Rowley Jennifer 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report research into the marketing and promotion of e‐books, and use this as a case study context to generate insights into approaches in academic libraries to the marketing of new services. As such it contributes to the limited empirical research on both the introduction of e‐book services and on marketing in academic libraries.Design/methodology/approachSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 25 academic librarians, in seven case study libraries, holding the following posts: subject librarians, e‐resources librarians, or cataloguers. Interviews focussed on: the existence of a promotion/marketing strategy for e‐books; the marketing and promotion tools used to promote e‐books; promotion via academics; the issues and challenges in promoting e‐books; and future plans for the promotion of e‐books.FindingsNone of the libraries had a marketing communication strategy relating to e‐books, yet, on the other hand, most interviewees were able to point to a range of tools used to promote e‐books, and some had plans for improvements in their promotion activities.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates a laissez faire approach to the marketing of potentially significant new services from academic libraries – providing access to e‐books. Recommendations for development focus on taking a strategic approach to marketing and promotion, managing tensions between promotion and supply, innovation in promotional tools, and influencing word‐of‐mouth.
Access and use of agricultural information and knowledge in Tanzania
Authors: Tandi Lwoga Edda , Stilwell Christine , Ngulube Patrick 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to assess access to and use of agricultural knowledge and information in the rural areas of Tanzania.Design/methodology/approachMixed quantitative, qualitative and participatory methods were deployed. Semi‐structured interviews were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data from 181 farmers in six districts of Tanzania. Focus groups and participatory techniques (i.e. information mapping and linkage diagrams) were also used to collect qualitative data from 128 farmers in the same districts.FindingsThe results showed that deep, rich and complete data can be collected through the mixed quantitative, qualitative and participatory techniques. The findings demonstrated that the knowledge and information needs, and information‐seeking patterns of farmers were location specific. The major sources of information for farmers were predominantly local (neighbours, friends and family), followed by public extension services. Apart from radio and cell phones, advanced technologies (i.e. internet and e‐mail) and printed materials were used at a low rate despite their existence in the communities.Research limitations/implicationsThe study necessitates a need to conduct regular studies on information needs, map communities' knowledge and information sources, create awareness of information sources and knowledge culture, use participatory methods in design and development of technologies and use multiple sources of knowledge and information (such as print and technologies) to deliver relevant information to farmers.Originality/valueThe study provides a deep understanding of access to and use of agricultural knowledge and information in the rural areas, which necessitates a need for demand‐led and client‐based knowledge and information services in order to meet the disparate farmers' needs. These findings can serve as an example for the increasing use of mixed quantitative, qualitative and participatory methods in information behavior research.