bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hinge screw or no hinge stabilization provides decreased stability compared to hinge plate in a biomechanical evaluation of distal femoral derotational osteotomies
Authors: Ferner Felix , Hammersdorfer Nele , Hembus Jessica , Saß Jan‐Oliver , Bader Rainer , Klinder Annett , Hiepe Laura , Holl Norman , Lutter Christoph 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeDerotational distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) is the causal treatment for patients with femoral torsional deformity. The fixation is achieved by a unilateral angle‐stable plate. Delayed‐ or non‐unions are one of the main risks of the procedure. An additional contralateral fixation may benefit the outcome. Therefore, we hypothesize that primary stability in DFO can be improved by an additional fixation with a hinge screw or an internal plate.MethodsDerotational DFO was performed in 15 knees and fixed either with an angle‐stable plate only (group ‘None’), with an additional lateral screw (group ‘Screw’) or with an additional lateral plate (group ‘Plate’). Biomechanical evaluation was carried out under axial loading of 150 N (partial weight bearing) and 800 N (full weight bearing), followed by internal and external rotation. After linear axial loading in step 1, a cyclic torsional load of 5 Nm was applied under constant axial load in step 2. In step 3, the specimens were unloaded. Micromovements between the distal and proximal parts of the osteotomy were recorded at each step for all specimens.ResultsIn step 1, the extent of micromovements was highest in group ‘None’ and lowest in group ‘Plate’ without being significantly different. In step 2, group ‘Plate’ showed significantly higher stability, reflected by less rotation and lower micromovements. Increasing the axial load from 150 to 800 N at step 2 resulted in increased stability in all groups but only reached significance in group ‘None’.ConclusionAn additional contralateral plate significantly increased stability in derotational DFO compared to the unilateral angle‐stable plate only. Contrary, a contralateral hinge screw did not provide improved stability.Study DesignExperimental study.Level of EvidenceIV.
A study of baseline data from SPRINT: Exploring lipid profile changes in middle‐aged and elderly patients
Authors: Feng Qun , Zhang Yanzhi , Wang Zijuan , Yang Peng , Zhang Yu , Fu Bin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe elderly population is at a higher risk of cardiovascular complications, and dyslipidemia plays a significant role as a contributing factor. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are prone to lipid abnormalities, further increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications. We aimed to investigate the lipid profile characteristics of the middle‐aged and elderly population, particularly CKD patients. We conducted a cross‐sectional study using baseline data from the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). It was examined how lipid profiles are affected by age within the general population, and how BMI and lipid characteristics are affected by CKD subtype. Among 8746 participants, we observed a decreasing trend in LnTAG (natural logarithm of Triacylglycerol) and total Cholesterol (CHR) levels with increasing age, while high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels increased with age. In the CKD and non‐CKD subgroups created through propensity score matching based on age, sex, and race, CKD individuals exhibited significantly higher average LnTAG levels across all age groups compared to the non‐CKD group. Multivariable linear regression analysis, controlling for confounding variables, revealed a negative correlation between LnTAG and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = −0.002, p < 0.001). HDL‐C showed a positive correlation with eGFR (r = 0.001, p < 0.001). [Correction added on 1 July 2024, after first online publication: The value of r in the preceding sentence has been updated to r = 0.001.] That is, in the middle‐aged and elderly population, age demonstrated a negative correlation with total CHR and TAG levels, while exhibiting a positive correlation with HDL‐C levels. CKD patients exhibited relatively higher TAG levels, which were positively associated with CKD progression.
Advancing Surface‐Enhanced Electrospun Nanofiber Membranes: Customizing Properties for Enhanced Performance in Membrane Distillation
Authors: Lobregas Michaela Olisha S. , Rangkupan Ratthapol , Riassetto David , Klaysom Chalida 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectrospun nanofiber membranes (ENMs) have emerged as a cutting‐edge solution for membrane distillation (MD), recognized for their highly porous and interconnected architecture. This distinctive structure enables them to offer minimal mass transfer resistance, making them exceptionally suited for high‐efficiency membrane‐based separation processes. However, the very porosity that defines their strength also renders them vulnerable to fouling, scaling, and wetting during operation, which in turn compromises their performance. Current research efforts are geared toward overcoming these obstacles by refining the surface design and characteristics of ENMs. This review delves into the latest advancements in surface‐enhanced electrospun nanofiber membranes tailored for MD applications. It discusses the existing gaps in research and provides forward‐looking insights into the future of ENMs, spotlighting the development of membranes with precisely tunable surface attributes for optimized performance.
Hyperelliptic genus 3 curves with involutions and a Prym map
Authors: Borówka Paweł , Shatsila Anatoli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe characterize genus 3 complex smooth hyperelliptic curves that admit two additional involutions as curves that can be built from five points in with a distinguished triple. We are able to write down explicit equations for the curves and all their quotient curves. We show that, fixing one of the elliptic quotient curve, the Prym map becomes a 2:1 map and therefore the hyperelliptic Klein Prym map, constructed recently by the first author with A. Ortega, is also 2:1 in this case. As a by‐product we show an explicit family of polarized abelian surfaces (for ), such that any surface in the family satisfying a certain explicit condition is abstractly non‐isomorphic to its dual abelian surface.
How do advertised prices affect consumers' financial well‐being and happiness?
Authors: Dahlen Micael , Colliander Jonas , Gajic Vladan , Kim Olivia , Thorbjørnsen Helge 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCommercial advertisements are intended to persuade consumers to purchase products, but their influence can often extend unintentionally and uninvitedly to noncommercial domains. Researchers have uncovered many such unintended ad effects—from lowered self‐esteem to increased empathy. This paper adds to the research on unintended ad effects by examining the variable of price in advertisements, and its influence on people's perceived (1) financial well‐being, (2) happiness, (3) time–money evaluations (4) proneness to prosocial behavior, and (5) calculative mindset. The first study was conducted on Swedish nationals through the Swedish national survey company, Nepa. The participants were exposed to advertisements with high versus low levels of prices. We find that those exposed to lower‐priced ads feel better off financially, and consequently happier, place relatively higher value on time over money, and are more likely to help a friend in need than those exposed to higher‐priced ads. The second study was conducted on a US sample using Prolific and further investigated the mechanism behind the effects found in the first study. In this study, we again find an effect of advertised prices on happiness, but not on the other dependent variables. The study results shed new light on the role of advertising and prices on consumer's appraisal of their own financial‐ and psychological well‐being.
Mapping protein–protein interactions by mass spectrometry
Authors: Liu Xiaonan , Abad Lawrence , Chatterjee Lopamudra , Cristea Ileana M. , Varjosalo Markku 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProtein–protein interactions (PPIs) are essential for numerous biological activities, including signal transduction, transcription control, and metabolism. They play a pivotal role in the organization and function of the proteome, and their perturbation is associated with various diseases, such as cancer, neurodegeneration, and infectious diseases. Recent advances in mass spectrometry (MS)‐based protein interactomics have significantly expanded our understanding of the PPIs in cells, with techniques that continue to improve in terms of sensitivity, and specificity providing new opportunities for the study of PPIs in diverse biological systems. These techniques differ depending on the type of interaction being studied, with each approach having its set of advantages, disadvantages, and applicability. This review highlights recent advances in enrichment methodologies for interactomes before MS analysis and compares their unique features and specifications. It emphasizes prospects for further improvement and their potential applications in advancing our knowledge of PPIs in various biological contexts.
Relationship between pulmonary, cough, and swallowing functions in individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Donohue Cara , Vasilopoulos Terrie , Wymer James P. , Plowman Emily K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsEvaluations of pulmonary, cough, and swallow function are frequently performed to assess disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), yet the relationship between these functions remains unknown. We therefore aimed to determine relationships between these measures in individuals with ALS.MethodsOne hundred individuals with ALS underwent standardized tests: forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum expiratory/inspiratory pressure (MEP, MIP), voluntary cough peak expiratory flow (PEF), and videofluoroscopic swallow evaluation (VF). Duplicate raters completed independent, blinded ratings using the Dynamic Imaging Grade of Swallowing Toxicity (DIGEST) scale. Descriptives, Spearman's Rho correlations, Kruskal–Wallis analyses, and Pearson's chi‐squared tests were completed.ResultsMean and standard deviation across pulmonary and cough measures were FVC: 74.2% predicted (± 22.6), MEP: 91.6 cmH2O (± 46.4), MIP cmH2O: 61.1 (± 28.9), voluntary PEF: 352.7 L/min (± 141.6). DIGEST grades included: 0 (normal swallowing): 31%, 1 (mild dysphagia): 48%, 2 (moderate dysphagia): 10%, 3 (severe dysphagia): 10%, and 4 (life‐threatening dysphagia): 1%. Positive correlations were observed: MEP‐MIP: r = .76, MIP‐PEF: r = .68, MEP‐PEF: r = .61, MIP‐FVC: r = .60, PEF‐FVC: r = .49, and MEP‐FVC: r = .46, p < .0001. MEP (p = .009) and PEF (p = .04) differed across DIGEST safety grades. Post hoc analyses revealed significant between group differences in MEP and PEF across DIGEST safety grades 0 versus 1 and grades 0 versus 3, (p < .05).DiscussionIn this cohort of individuals with ALS, pulmonary function, and voluntary cough were associated. Expiratory metrics (MEP, PEF) were diminished in individuals with unsafe swallowing, increasing their risk for effectively defending the airway.
The effectiveness of mobile app usage in facilitating weight loss: An observational study
Authors: Huntriss Rosemary , Salimgaraev Rodion , Nikogosov Dimitri , Powell John , Varady Krista A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimWith increasing rates of global obesity and associated health issues, there is an ever‐increasing need for weight management solutions to be more accessible. Mobile applications offer accessible support systems and have the potential to offer a viable and effective weight management solution as an alternative to traditional healthcare models.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of the SIMPLE mobile application for time‐restricted eating in achieving weight loss (WL).MethodsUser data were analyzed between January 2021 and January 2023. In‐app activity was calculated as the proportion of active days over 12, 26 and 52 weeks. A day is considered active if it contains at least one in‐app action (e.g., logging weight, food, fasting, or physical activity). Users were categorized into four in‐app activity levels: inactive (in‐app activity <33%), medium activity (33%–66%), high activity (66%–99%), and maximal activity (100%). Weight change among in‐app activity groups was assessed at 12, 26, and 52 weeks.ResultsOut of 53,482 users, a positive association was found between the use of the SIMPLE app and WL. Active app users lost more weight than their less active counterparts. Active users had a median WL of 4.20%, 5.04%, and 3.86% at 12, 26, and 52 weeks, respectively. A larger percentage of active users—up to 50.26%—achieved clinically significant WL (≥5%) when compared to inactive users. A dose‐response relationship between WL and app usage was found after adjusting for gender, age, and initial Body Mass Index; a 10% increase in app activity correlated with increased WL by 0.43, 0.66 and 0.69 kg at 12, 26, and 52 weeks, respectively.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates that the SIMPLE app enables effective WL directly associated with the level of app engagement. Mobile health applications offer an accessible and effective weight management solution and should be considered when supporting adults to lose weight.
National registry of thoracoamniotic shunting using a double‐basket catheter: A post‐marketing surveillance registry of 295 patients with fetal hydrothorax
Authors: Takahashi Yuichiro , Ishii Keisuke , Ishikawa Hiroshi , Imai Kenji , Baba Kazunori , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveWe report on the 1‐year outcomes of fetuses who underwent thoracoamniotic shunting (TAS) with a double‐basket catheter for fetal hydrothorax (FHT) using a national post‐marketing surveillance registry.MethodsThis surveillance study was conducted for cases enrolled between 2011 and 2019. Preoperative, operative, and postoperative findings and outcomes had to be reported through the national surveillance website.ResultsForty‐three institutes enrolled 295 patients. In 60 patients, associated abnormalities were diagnosed after birth. Among the 235 patients with isolated hydrothorax, the survival rate at 1 year of age was 70.5%. Among these patients, 89% did not require oxygen or other respiratory support. The 1‐year survival rate in complicated cases was 27%. Trisomy 21 was the most common associated problem (40%). Catheter associated problems, including dislocation (25%), obstruction (24%), and preterm rupture of the membranes (6%) were observed, but there were no severe maternal complications. TAS before 29.5 weeks of gestation (odds ratio [OR] 0.16) and skin edema and ascites (OR 0.06) were risk factors for death at one year, whereas appropriate shunt location for >28 days (OR 4.2) was a protective factor.ConclusionWe report a favorable survival rate in fetuses with isolated FHT treated with this double‐basket catheter.
Keep it simple: Information sources students use when choosing school psychology programs
Authors: Aspiranti Kathleen B. , Hulac David M. , Blake Jessica 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThose tasked with recruiting students to school psychology programs have limited resources. Yet, they need to identify which sources of information prospective students will use to inform their choice of school psychology programs. A survey was developed to measure which information sources school psychology students consider when applying to graduate programs and to determine which demographic factors contribute to the types of information used. The survey was administered via email and completed by 406 current school psychology students. An exploratory factor analysis found three factors related to General Information, Program Details, and Student Outreach. Overall, students highlighted the importance of general information that is available on the website. Student outreach efforts were less preferred, though students did value the opportunities to talk with faculty members such as the program coordinator. Effects of race, gender, first‐generation status, and in‐state status were not significantly related to student information preferences. Results suggest that programs should consider creating high‐quality program, departmental, and university websites as the most effective way to provide information to prospective students.
Obstructive sleep apnea in children with cystic fibrosis on highly effective modulator therapy
Authors: Shakkottai Aarti , Kim Stephany , Mitchell Ron B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in children with cystic fibrosis (CF). Highly effective modulator therapies (HEMT) have led to improved sinopulmonary disease, but whether this translates to a lower frequency of OSA is unknown.MethodsWe conducted a single center retrospective review of polysomnographic (PSG) data from 2012 to 2023 in patients aged 0–18 years with CF to assess frequency of OSA. Participants were classified based on HEMT status. Logistic regression was used to quantify the association between HEMT and OSA with p < .05 considered significant.ResultsForty‐nine children underwent PSG during the study period. Ten percent were of non‐White race and 24% were of Hispanic ethnicity. Twenty‐one children (43%) were on HEMT. These children were older than those not on modulators (11.6 vs. 6.4 years; p = .0001) but no different with respect to gender, race, nutritional status, or lung function. Twenty‐eight (57%) children had OSA. Odds of having OSA were higher in the HEMT group (odds ratio [OR] = 4.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–14.9; p = .02). Tonsillar hypertrophy was associated with an increased odds of having OSA independent of modulator status (OR: 6.6; 95% CI: 1.2–37.9; p = .03).ConclusionsOSA is frequently diagnosed in the post‐HEMT era in this large, racially diverse group of children with CF. Children on HEMT were older and more likely to have OSA as compared to those not on modulators but similar in nutritional status, lung function, and presence of upper airway pathology. Prospective studies are needed to further clarify the relationship between HEMT and OSA in children with CF.
A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study on immune improvement effects of ethanolic extract of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench in Korean adults
Authors: Lee Sung‐Kwon , Lee Dong‐Ryung , Kim Hae‐Lim , Choi Bong‐Keun , Kwon Kang‐Beom 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEchinacea purpurea (L.) Moench (EP), a medicinal plant native to North America, is now cultivated in various regions including Europe. With increasing popularity of Echinacea in Korea recently, a human clinical trial was conducted to evaluate immune‐enhancing efficacy and safety of EP 60% ethanolic extract (EPE) in Koreans. Eighty volunteers were recruited for this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. They were randomly divided into two groups and given either a daily dose of 200 mg of EPE or a placebo. All participants underwent testing for Natural Killer (NK) cell cytotoxic activity, serum cytokine levels (IL‐2, IL‐6, IL‐10, IL‐12, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α), Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey‐21 (WURSS‐21), and Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) during this study to assess changes in outcomes. After 8 weeks of EPE consumption, a significant increase in NK cell cytotoxic activity compared to the placebo was observed. Additionally, serum cytokine levels of IL‐2, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α also significantly increased following EPE consumption. However, no significant changes were observed in WURSS‐21 and MFS before and after EPE consumption. Throughout the 8‐week study period, no adverse reactions were reported in relation to EPE consumption, and there were no clinically significant changes in diagnostic laboratory tests or vital signs in the EPE group. These results indicate that consumption of EPE could lead to immune improvement without any adverse effects. This clinical trial was the first to demonstrate beneficial effects of EPE consumption on immunity in Korean adults.
Airway stenosis secondary to mediastinal lymph node metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma treated with AERO stent and osimertinib: A case report
Authors: Takigawa Yuki , Sato Ken , Inoue Tomoyoshi , Sato Akiko , Furutaguchi Yui , Goda Mayu , Shiraha Keisuke , Fujiwara Miho , Matsuoka Suzuka , Mitsumune Sho , Watanabe Hiromi , Kudo Kenichiro , Fujiwara Keiichi , Shibayama Takuo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA woman in her mid‐50s was admitted to our hospital with airway stenosis secondary to mediastinal lymph node enlargement. An AERO stent was placed under rigid bronchoscopy. Immediately after stent placement, tissue sampling was performed on the lymph nodes. Metastatic lesions were found to have an EGFR mutation (exon 19 deletion). Consequently, osimertinib treatment was initiated 15 days after stent placement. The tumour partially responded to osimertinib, and the airway stenosis improved. The patient underwent stent removal 66 days after stent placement. Our findings indicate that temporary oncological emergencies due to airway stenosis may be bridged by airway stenting.
Full state‐constrained integrated guidance and control for aerial interceptors with tunnel prescribed performance using integral barrier Lyapunov function
Authors: Li Jianfeng , Song Shen‐min , Shi Xiao‐ping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA novel full state‐constrained integrated guidance and control (IGC) schema for aerial interceptors under input saturation with tunnel‐prescribed performance is proposed. To achieve an appointed‐time engagement with less overshoot phenomenon, the tunnel‐prescribed performance control (TPPC) technique is applied to generate virtual guidance laws, where the tracking of desired line of sight (LOS) angles possesses predefined‐time convergent property. For the sake of the flight safety of interceptors in a practical flight environment, the physical limitations on the flight angles and the angular rates of attitude systems are taken into consideration. The integral barrier Lyapunov function (iBLF) technique is adopted to ensure all the attitude states within a user‐defined domain. The nominal virtual commands are generated adaptively by the backstepping method combined with some novel dynamic surfaces. To further eliminate the possible input saturation, a novel one‐order auxiliary system is constructed to compensate for the discrepancy of the virtual input commands. All the signals in the closed‐loop system are strictly proven to be bounded by Lyapunov theory. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed IGC schema by comparison with other IGC laws.
Stability of highly nonlinear neutral stochastic delay system with both stable and unstable subsystems
Authors: Lin Xiuqin , Shi Zhiyan , Wang Bao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe article addresses the exponentially stable conditions of the highly nonlinear neutral stochastic delayed system (HNNSDS) that contains unstable subsystems apart from stable ones under Markov switching. By the application of the mode‐dependent average dwell time (MDADT) as well as Lyapunov function approach, the general switching condition still satisfies even when the partial Lyapunov coefficients are negative. In addition, the degree of instability is combined with the study of switching signals. On this basis, the case when the system contains only stable subsystems is also investigated. A well‐known switching condition is obtained, establish the foundation of the comparison with more complex cases involving unstable subsystems. The simulation processes are eventually provided to verify rationality of the obtained criteria.