bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of nasotracheal intubation in patients receiving oral cavity free flap reconstruction
Authors: Moore Michael G. , Bhrany Amit D. , Francis David O. , Yueh Bevan , Futran Neal D. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect airway management has on perioperative outcomes of patients undergoing oral cavity free flap reconstruction.Methods.A retrospective review was performed on patients receiving oral cavity free flap reconstruction between March 2006 and October 2007. Patient, tumor, and treatment variables were recorded. Patients were managed with nasotracheal intubation (NTI) or elective tracheotomy and different perioperative outcomes were measured.Results.Thirty‐seven patients received NTI and 21 received tracheotomy. No patients in the NTI group required conversion to tracheotomy or reintubation. The mean total hospital stay was prolonged in the tracheotomy group (12.4 days vs 8.4 days), as was their likelihood of requiring a feeding tube at discharge (76% vs 19%). In multivariate analyses, placement of a tracheotomy was independently correlated with longer hospital stay and feeding tube dependence at discharge.Conclusions.NTI is a safe alternative to tracheotomy for select patients receiving oral cavity free flap reconstruction and may reduce hospital stay and feeding tube dependence at discharge. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Impact of age at diagnosis on prognosis and treatment in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Reizenstein Johan A. , Bergström Stefan N. , Holmberg Lars , Linder Arne , Ekman Simon , Blomquist Erik , Lödén Britta , Holmqvist Marit , Hellström Karin , Nilsson Christer O. , Brattström Daniel , Bergqvist Michael 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.The aims of this study were to analyze how age affects treatment and treatment outcome, and to determine whether tumor characteristics differ between different age groups with laryngeal cancer.Methods.Patients with laryngeal cancer during 1978–2004 in the Uppsala–Örebro region in Sweden were retrospectively studied.Results.There were no significant differences in the 945 cases between age groups concerning major patient and tumor characteristics, such as male/female ratio, distribution of glottic/supraglottic tumors, stage, or site of recurrence. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were worse among the oldest, although a significant proportion was cured. Relapse risk was lower among the oldest (12%) compared with the youngest (23%). The risk of never becoming tumor‐free was 25% among the oldest and 7% in the youngest. Among the most elderly, only 1 late recurrence occurred.Conclusion.Elderly patients with laryngeal carcinoma cope well with treatment. Undertreatment may determine outcome more than age. The oldest group should be followed for a minimum of 2 years. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Cetuximab as primary treatment for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma to the neck
Authors: Kim Sung , Eleff Michael , Nicolaou Nicos 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.Head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) metastatic to lymph nodes is commonly treated with surgery plus radiotherapy.Methods.We present the case of a 92‐year‐old man with cutaneous SCC metastatic to the neck (7 cm) who was treated with primary cetuximab and has had a durable complete response for 7 months. Because of his age, comorbidities, and unresectable neck lymphadenopathy, he received primary cetuximab. He received a 400 mg/m2 loading dose and a 250 mg/m2 weekly dose for 3 months and then had to discontinue as a result of other unrelated medical issues.Results.The patient had a complete response by 6 weeks. Seven months after discontinuing cetuximab, he continues to have a complete response.Conclusions.Primary cetuximab for cutaneous SCC metastatic to lymph nodes is an area that bears further investigation because of its apparent efficacy and excellent toxicity profile. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Anticancer effect of photodynamic therapy with hexenyl ester of 5‐aminolevulinic acid in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Moon Yeon‐Hee , Park Jong‐Hwan , Kim Soo‐A , Lee Jee‐Bum , Ahn Sang‐Gun , Yoon Jung‐Hoon 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.Five‐aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) and its derivatives act as precursors of the photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). In this study, the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with hexenyl ester of ALA (ALA‐hx) was examined in a human oral squamous cell carcinoma, YD10B cells.Methods.PpIX accumulation and mRNA expression of coproporphyrinogen oxidase (CPO) by ALA and ALA‐hx was examined. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay and the molecular mechanism was investigated.Results.The PpIX synthesis and mRNA expression of CPO was much higher in the cells treated with ALA‐hx than ALA. At the concentration that PDT with ALA did not affect cell growth, ALA‐hx PDT effectively produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressed cell growth. Growth inhibition by ALA‐hx PDT was due to mitochondrial‐dependent apoptosis.Conclusion.Our results suggest that ALA‐hx PDT effectively induced apoptosis of YD‐10B cells and can be considered as a therapeutic alternative for oral cancer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Successful endovascular treatment of intractable epistaxis due to ruptured internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm secondary to invasive fungal sinusitis
Authors: Jao Shaner‐Yeun , Weng Hsu‐Huei , Wong Ho‐Fai , Wang Wen‐Hung , Tsai Yuan‐Hsiung 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackground.Mycotic pseudoaneurysm from the cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) secondary to an invasive aspergillus sinusitis is rare. Surgical intervention with ICA ligation is generally accepted for most mycotic aneurysms or pseudoaneurysms. When presented with massive epistaxis due to a fungal aspergillus ICA invasion, mortality rates are high.Methods.We present the case of a 76‐year‐old man who developed intractable epistaxis due to a mycotic pseudoaneurysm arising from the cavernous segment of the right ICA.Results.The patient was successfully treated by endovascular embolization at the orifice of the pseudoaneurysm followed by the total ICA trapping technique using electrolytically Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) and injection of N‐butyl‐2‐cyanoacrylate (n‐BCA). The patient survived for 7 months but eventually died of urosepsis and cardiorespiratory failure.Conclusion.Endovascular embolization is a feasible and life‐saving approach for emergent management of massive intractable epistaxis secondary to a complicated invasive fungal sinusitis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
The impact of training and demographics in WIA program performance: A statistical analysis
Authors: Moore Richard W. , Gorman Philip C. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe Workforce Investment Act (WIA) measures participant labor market outcomes to drive program performance. This article uses statistical analysis to examine the relationship between participant characteristics and key outcome measures in one large California local WIA program. This study also measures the impact of different training interventions on program outcomes while controlling for participant characteristics. The findings suggest that adjusting future performance measures for participant characteristics would create more valid performance measures. Further, we find that WIA training interventions do not yield consistent positive labor market outcomes after controlling for participant demographics. Finally, we recommend directions for future research.
Making sense of women as career self‐agents: Implications for human resource development
Authors: Shapiro Mary , Ingols Cynthia , O'Neill Regina , Blake‐Beard Stacy 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this article, we explore the shifting career paradigm of managerial women in the United States, what it may indicate for the broader professional workforce, and human resource development's (HRD's) role in supporting that change. We examine the literature on evolving career definitions, women's place in that evolution, the rising use of flexible work arrangements (FWAs), and the evolving work goals of women. Findings from our survey of 389 managerial women indicate that they are using FWAs as support mechanisms to enable them to enact their career goals and stay in the workforce. We invite HRD professionals to interpret women's career choices as a signal that the conventional career model with its attending organizational practices and culture is outdated and no longer meets the needs of today's managerial women and of the U.S. workforce in general. We recommend actions HRD professionals can take to move their organization's culture to one that supports career self‐agency as a way of attracting and retaining critical talent in the 21st century.
A simple semi‐distributed water balance model for the Ethiopian highlands
Authors: Collick Amy S. , Easton Zachary M. , Ashagrie Tegenu , Biruk Biniam , Tilahun Seifu , Adgo Enyew , Awulachew Seleshi B. , Zeleke Gete , Steenhuis Tammo S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe discharge of the Nile River is highly dependent on the flow generated in the highlands of Ethiopia. However, little is known about the local (i.e. small scale) watershed hydrological response, due in part to a lack of long duration, continuous hydrological data. The goal of this paper was to develop a realistic, simple model that is useful as a tool for planning watershed management and conservation activities so that the effects of local interventions on stream flow can be predicted at a larger scale. The developed model is semi‐distributed in that it divides the watershed into different regions that become hydrologically active given different amounts of effective cumulative rainfall after the start of the rainy season. A separate water balance is run for each of the hydrologic regions using rainfall and potential evaporation as the major inputs. Watershed parameters that were calibrated included the amount of water required before each region becomes hydrologically active, the fraction of soil water that becomes runoff and subsurface flow, and aquifer characteristics, Model validation indicated that daily discharge values were predicted reasonably well with Nash Sutcliffe values ranging from 0·56 to 0·78. Despite the large distance between the test watersheds, the input parameter values for the watershed characteristic were remarkably similar for the humid highlands, indicating that the model could be used to predict discharge in un‐gauged basins in the region. As expected, the watershed in the semi‐arid region behaved somewhat differently than the other three watersheds. Good quality precipitation data, even for short durations, were key to the effective modelling of runoff in the highland watersheds. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enameloid microstructure of the serrated cutting edges in certain fossil carcharhiniform and lamniform sharks
Authors: Andreev Plamen S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe triple‐layered enameloid organization of neoselachian teeth has proven to be a reliable systematic character of the group. This study uses scanning electron microscopy to investigate the orientation of the parallel enameloid bundles in the area of the serrated cutting edges in certain fossil elasmobranchs. The examined teeth come from two Upper Cretaceous Squalicorax species and the Upper Miocene carcharhiniforms Galeocerdo sp., Carcharhinus sp., and Hemipristis serra. The parallel bundles are revealed by surface etching, which removes the superficial shiny‐layered enameloid. In the teeth of Squalicorax, the bundles around the cutting edge bend once, before they reach the serrations. The studied carcharhiniform species show a more complicated pattern with a change of parallel bundle course inside the serrations. H. serra teeth do not display the first bending of the bundles, whereas it was present in the other two carcharhiniforms. The course of the crystalline bundles in both Squalicorax species is not affected by the presence of the serrations, regardless of the twofold difference in tooth size between them. In the carcharhiniform species, the bended bundles occur within the primary and secondary serrations and are always associated with them. This feature might have functional significance by strengthening the cutting edge or could simply develop as a consequence of the enameloid mineralization around the individual serrae. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Technical advances in the sectioning of dental tissue and of on‐section cross‐linked collagen detection in mineralized teeth
Authors: Singhrao Sim K. , Sloan Alastair J. , Smith Emma L. , Archer Charles W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractImmunohistochemical detection of cross‐linked fibrillar collagens in mineralized tissues is much desired for exploring the mechanisms of biomineralization in health and disease. Mineralized teeth are impossible to section when embedded in conventional media, thus limiting on‐section characterization of matrix proteins by immunohistochemistry. We hypothesized that by using an especially formulated acrylic resin suitable for mineralized dental tissues, not only sectioning of teeth would be possible, but also our recently developed immunofluorescence labeling technique would be amenable to fully calcified tissues for characterization of dentinal fibrillar collagens, which remains elusive. The hypothesis was tested on fixed rodent teeth embedded in Technovit 9100 New®. It was possible to cut thin (1 μm) sections of mineralized teeth, and immunofluorescence characterization of cross‐linked type I fibrillar collagen was selected due to its abundance in dentine. Decalcified samples of teeth embedded in paraffin wax were also used to compare immunolabeling from either method using the same immunoreagents in equivalent concentrations. In the decalcified tissue sections, type I collagen labeling in the dentine along the tubules was “patchy” and the signal in the predentine was very weak. However, enhanced signal in mineralized samples with type I collagen was detected not only in the predentine but also at the limit between intertubular dentine, within the elements of the enamel organ and subgingival stroma. This report offers advances in sectioning mineralized dental tissues and allows the application of immunofluorescence not only for on‐section protein detection but importantly for detecting cross‐linked fibrous collagens in both soft and mineralized tissue sections. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:741–745, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chemistry and antioxidant activity of essential oil and oleoresins of black caraway (Carum bulbocastanum) fruits: Part 69
Authors: Kapoor Inder Pal Singh , Singh Bandana , Singh Gurdip , De Heluani Carola S , De Lampasona Marina P. , Catalan Cesar A N 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The present study describes the chemical analysis of the essential oil and oleoresins from caraway, which have been studied by using GC–MS. The paper also explains the importance of the extracted oil and oleoresins in the antioxidant activities of target plant species.RESULTS: GC–MS analysis of caraway essential oil showed 51 compounds representing about 96.6% of the total weight. The major components were dillapiole (44.6%), germacrene‐β (14.1%), nothoapiole (8.3%), and β‐selinene (6.8%), along with many other components in minor amounts. Major components in ethyl acetate and iso‐octane oleoresins are dillapiole, nothoapiole and germacrene‐β, whereas in ethanol oleoresin contains dillapiole (25%), sitosterol (21.3%) stigmasterol (9.5%) and nothoapiole (8.1%). The antioxidant activity was evaluated by various antioxidant assays such as peroxide, thiobarbituric acid and p‐anisidine values. These experiments were further supported by other complementary antioxidant assays such as ferric thiocyanate method in linoleic acid system, reducing power, and scavenging effects on 1,1′‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Both the caraway volatile oil and its oleoresins showed strong antioxidant activity in comparison with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT).CONCLUSION: This study provides additional information about the chemistry and antioxidant activity of caraway. Hence, caraway may be used as natural food preservatives. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of acetic acid deamidation‐induced modification on functional and nutritional properties and conformation of wheat gluten
Authors: Liao Lan , Zhao Mouming , Ren Jiaoyan , Zhao Haifeng , Cui Chun , Hu Xiao 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Acids are often used for deamidating proteins, but the literature on acetic acid deamidation of proteins is sparse. Previous research on acetic acid‐induced modification of proteins has focused on peptide proteolysis by relatively high concentrations of acetic acid (>1.5 mol L−1) rather than on the accompanying effect of deamidation. Therefore the objective of this study was to determine the deamidation effect of acetic acid with as little peptide proteolysis as possible by employing low‐concentration acetic acid (<0.05 mol L−1) to deamidate wheat gluten. Changes in surface hydrophobicity, conformation, functional properties and nutritional characteristics of acetic acid‐modified samples were determined and compared with those of hydrochloric acid (HCl)‐modified samples.RESULTS: At similar degree of deamidation and nitrogen solubility index, samples deamidated with acetic acid showed less destruction of peptides bandings, better foaming properties and a more decompacted form (lower SS content in protein as determined by Raman spectroscopy) than those deamidated with HCl and also exhibited improved emulsification capacity and emulsion stability compared with native wheat gluten. Acetic acid deamidation led to fewer changes in peptide molecular size and secondary structure of wheat gluten compared with HCl deamidation according to the results of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy respectively. Amino acid analysis revealed that the nutritional characteristics of wheat gluten were well maintained after deamidation with acetic acid.CONCLUSION: The results show that low‐concentration acetic acid can modify wheat gluten mainly by deamidation, resulting in deamidated wheat gluten with good functional and nutritional properties. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Composition, nutritional aspects and effect on serum parameters of marine algae Ulva rigida
Authors: Taboada Cristina , Millán Rosendo , Míguez Isabel 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Algae are commonly consumed in Asia and have also gained popularity in Europe. However, data on the bioavailability of their components are limited. The present study was designed to determine the composition of Ulva rigida and the effects of inclusion of 10% of the algae in a standard diet for 4 weeks on nutritive value and serum parameters in order to consider the usefulness of Ulva as a dietary supplement.RESULTS: Ulva rigida is rich in protein, carbohydrates, fibre, vitamins and minerals and has a low lipid content. Analysis of the amino acid composition revealed good‐quality protein. The algae were well accepted by experimental animals and did not significantly change nutritional parameters but reduced LDL cholesterol.CONCLUSIONS: Ulva rigida is an excellent source of nutrients and could improve a balanced diet. Further studies are required to research the potential of the seaweed as a natural source of bioactive compounds. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of tropical plants containing tannin on in vitro methanogenesis and fermentation parameters using rumen fluid
Authors: Hariadi Bambang Tjahyono , Santoso Budi 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Methane (CH4) produced during ruminal fermentation represents a loss of 10–11% of gross energy intake. The use of browse species containing tannin as feed supplement for ruminants tends to increase in order to reduce CH4 production. The present study was conducted to evaluate some tropical plants containing tannin as feed supplement (200 g kg−1) on in vitro CH4 production and fermentation parameters.RESULTS: The crude protein (CP) content ranged from 87 to 390 g kg−1 dry matter (DM) and was highest in Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Poiret. The neutral detergent fibre (NDF) concentration was highest in Pennisetum purpureum Schumach (725 g kg−1 DM) and lowest in S. grandiflora (330 g kg−1 DM). The ranking order of plants based on their total tannin content was Acacia mangium Willd. > Biophytum petersianum Klotzch > Jatropa curcas Linnaeus > Psidium guajava Linnaeus > Phaleria papuana > Persea americana Mill. > S. grandiflora. Methane gas production after 48 h of incubation was significantly (P < 0.05) lower with inclusion of A. mangium (PP + AM), B. petersianum (PP + BP), J. curcas (PP + JC) or P. guajava (PP + PG) as compared to control feed (PP). There was negative correlation between total tannin content and CH4 production at 48 h of incubation (r = − 0.76). Concentration NH3‐N was significantly (P < 0.01) higher with inclusion of S. glandiflora. Inclusion of P. guajava significantly (P < 0.05) suppressed protozoa population by 49.7% relative to control feed (PP).CONCLUSION: It was concluded that A. mangium, B. petersianum, J. curcas and P. guajava have potential to be used as a feed supplement to reduce CH4 production in ruminants. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
The influence of organ, season and drying method on chemical composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Juniperus phoenicea L. essential oils
Authors: Ennajar Monia , Bouajila Jalloul , Lebrihi Ahmed , Mathieu Florence , Savagnac Arlette , Abderraba Manef , Raies Aly , Romdhane Mehrez 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Juniperus phoenicea is an important medicinal plant. In the present study, essential oils (18 samples) from leaves and berries of Juniperus phoenicea L. (Cupressaceae), obtained by various drying methods and in different collection months, were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and also evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Correlations were studied between antimicrobial activity and the chemical composition of essential oils.RESULTS: Sixty‐seven compounds were identified in essential oils, representing 97.7–100%. Essential oils were dominated by monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, which presented 35.0–93.3% and 6.7–62.0%, respectively, depending of organ, season and drying method. Antimicrobial tests showed that essential oils strongly inhibited the growth of Gram‐positive microorganisms and Mucor ramamnianus, but was inactive against Gram‐negative strains. Antioxidant activity was tested using the ABTS radical‐scavenging assay. Most samples showed good activity (the best IC50 = 41.7 ± 1.5 mg L−1).CONCLUSIONS: It could be concluded that drying of leaves of J. phoenicea in the sun and berries in oven‐drying was more suitable and was recommended for obtaining higher essential oil yield, but for a higher percentage of some special components such as α‐pinene and δ‐3‐carene shade‐drying was more suitable. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry