bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interconversion of light olefins—aromatics over zeolite catalysts
Authors: Mao Raymond Le Van , LÉVesque Pierre , Sjiariel Bernard , Nguyen Do Thi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractImproved yield in light olefins and aromatics from methanol conversion was observed on Zn and Mn loaded ZSM‐5 zeolite—asbestos catalysts. The best results in terms of conversion into hydrocarbons were obtained with a Zn content not exceeding 0.6% wt/wt. The light olefins/aromatics ratio in the products varied with the Mn content in the catalyst, the cumulative light olefinic and aromatic production being kept constant at a high value.
Phase equilibria of oil, gas and water/brine mixtures from a cubic equation of state and henry's law
Authors: Li Yau‐Kun , Nghiem Long X. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis paper presents the predictions and calculations of the phase equilibria of oil, gas and water/brine mixtures where the oil and gas are modeled by a cubic equation of state and where the gas solubility in the aqueous phase is estimated from Henry's law. Henry's law constants for a variety of compounds of interest to the petroleum industry are correlated against pressure and temperature. The scaled‐particle theory is used to take into account the presence of salt in the aqueous phase. An extensive match of experimental data is presented, showing the adequacy of the proposed model for Henry's law constant.
Aortic Dissection in Childhood and Adolescence: An Analysis of Occurrences Over a 10‐Year Interval in New York State
Authors: Fikar Charles R. , Fikar Ronald 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundRarely occurring in the pediatric and adolescent population, aortic dissection is a condition with many predisposing factors. Previous studies have suggested that congenital cardiovascular disorders are the most common predisposing conditions. Trauma‐associated aortic dissection is considered a rare occurrence.MethodsThe Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database of New York State was used to retrieve cases of aortic dissection in persons ≤ 21 years old over a 10‐year period. A retrospective analysis for risk or associated conditions was undertaken.ResultsForty‐five of a total of 12 142 cases of aortic dissection (0.37%) occurred in persons ≤ 21 years old. No patient was younger than 15 years of age. Six of the 45 died (13%). Most patients were male (37 of 45, or 82%). Contrary to previous reports, the most common associated condition was trauma (19 of 45, or 42%), with Marfan syndrome the second most common (11 of 45, or 24%). Ten of 45 adolescent and young adult patients (22%) had no apparent risk factors.ConclusionsTraumatic aortic disruptions must be considered in children and adolescents who survive serious chest trauma. Family members of pediatric and young adult patients with trauma‐associated aortic dissection may need to be evaluated for possible risk of aortic dissection. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
3D QSAR Models Built on Structure‐Based Alignments of Abl Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Falchi Federico , Manetti Fabrizio , Carraro Fabio , Naldini Antonella , Maga Giovanni , Crespan Emmanuele , Schenone Silvia , Bruno Olga , Brullo Chiara , Botta Maurizio 
Published: March 2009

AbstractQuality QSAR: A combination of docking calculations and a statistical approach toward Abl inhibitors resulted in a 3D QSAR model, the analysis of which led to the identification of ligand portions important for affinity. New compounds designed on the basis of the model were found to have very good affinity for the target, providing further validation of the model itself.magnified imageThe X‐ray crystallographic coordinates of the Abl tyrosine kinase domain in its active, inactive, and Src‐like inactive conformations were used as targets to simulate the binding mode of a large series of pyrazolo[3,4‐d]pyrimidines (known Abl inhibitors) by means of GOLD software. Receptor‐based alignments provided by molecular docking calculations were submitted to a GRID‐GOLPE protocol to generate 3D QSAR models. Analysis of the results showed that the models based on the inactive and Src‐like inactive conformations had very poor statistical parameters, whereas the sole model based on the active conformation of Abl was characterized by significant internal and external predictive ability. Subsequent analysis of GOLPE PLS pseudo‐coefficient contour plots of this model gave us a better understanding of the relationships between structure and affinity, providing suggestions for the next optimization process. On the basis of these results, new compounds were designed according to the hydrophobic and hydrogen bond donor and acceptor contours, and were found to have improved enzymatic and cellular activity with respect to parent compounds. Additional biological assays confirmed the important role of the selected compounds as inhibitors of cell proliferation in leukemia cells.
Molecular Modeling and Molecular Dynamics Studies of Hydralazine with Human DNA Methyltransferase 1
Authors: Singh Narender , Dueñas‐González Alfonso , Lyko Frank , Medina‐Franco Jose L. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA series of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) inhibitors were modeled by docking and molecular dynamics studies to rationalize their activity. Our findings will be valuable in guiding research efforts toward the rational design and virtual screening of novel DNMT inhibitors.magnified imageDNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are a family of enzymes that methylate DNA at the C5 position of cytosine residues, and their inhibition is a promising strategy for the treatment of various developmental and proliferative diseases, particularly cancers. In the present study, a binding model for hydralazine, with a validated homology model of human DNMT, was developed by the use of automated molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. The docking protocol was validated by predicting the binding mode of 2′‐deoxycytidine, 5‐azacytidine, and 5‐aza‐2′‐deoxycytidine. The inhibitory activity of hydralazine toward DNMT may be rationalized at the molecular level by similar interactions within the binding pocket (e.g., by a similar pharmacophore) as established by substrate‐like deoxycytidine analogues. These interactions involve a complex network of hydrogen bonds with arginine and glutamic acid residues that also play a major role in the mechanism of DNA methylation. Despite the different scaffolds of other non‐nucleoside DNMT inhibitors such as procaine and procainamide, the current modeling work reveals that these drugs exhibit similar interactions within the DNMT1 binding site. These findings are valuable in guiding the rational design and virtual screening of novel DNMT inhibitors.
Stathmin and tubulin expression and survival of ovarian cancer patients receiving platinum treatment with and without paclitaxel
Authors: Su Dan , Smith Stephanie M. , Preti Mario , Schwartz Peter , Rutherford Thomas J. , Menato Guido , Danese Saverio , Ma Shenglin , Yu Herbert , Katsaros Dionyssios 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Paclitaxel interacts with microtubules to exert therapeutic effects. Molecules that affect microtubule activity, such as βIII‐tubulin and stathmin, may interfere with the treatment. In this study, the authors analyzed βIII‐tubulin and stathmin expression in ovarian tumors and examined their associations with treatment response and patient survival.METHODS:The study included 178 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer who underwent cytoreductive surgery followed by platinum‐based chemotherapy; of these patients, 75 also received paclitaxel. Fresh tumor samples that were collected at surgery were analyzed for messenger RNA expression of βIII‐tubulin and stathmin using real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Associations of these molecules with treatment response, disease progression, and overall survival were evaluated.RESULTS:High stathmin expression was associated with worse disease progression‐free and overall survival compared with low stathmin expression. This association was independent of patient age, disease stage, tumor grade, histology, and residual tumor size and was observed in patients who received platinum plus paclitaxel, but not in patients who received platinum without paclitaxel, suggesting that stathmin expression in tumor tissue may interfere with paclitaxel treatment. Similar effects were not observed for βIII‐tubulin, although high βIII‐tubulin expression was associated with disease progression among patients who received platinum without paclitaxel. No associations were observed between treatment response and tubulin or stathmin expression. Expression levels of βIII‐tubulin and stathmin were correlated significantly.CONCLUSIONS:High stathmin expression predicted an unfavorable prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer who received paclitaxel and platinum chemotherapy. This finding supports the possibility that stathmin may interfere with paclitaxel treatment, leading to a poor prognosis for patients with ovarian cancer. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Sperm‐associated antigen 9 is a biomarker for early cervical carcinoma
Authors: Garg Manoj , Kanojia Deepika , Salhan Sudha , Suri Sushma , Gupta Anju , Lohiya Nirmal Kumar , Suri Anil 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cervical cancer is the second most common malignancy in women, with nearly half a million new cases diagnosed each year worldwide. The authors' recent studies have suggested an association of the cancer testis antigen sperm‐associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) in ovarian carcinomas. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the clinical utility of SPAG9 expression and humoral immune response in cervical carcinomas.METHODS:SPAG9 mRNA expression was assessed by reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and in situ RNA hybridization. In addition, the authors investigated SPAG9 protein expression by immunohistochemistry and analyzed its association with various stages and grades of cervical cancer patients. They also tested the humoral immune response against SPAG9 in cervical cancer patients.RESULTS:RT‐PCR, in situ RNA hybridization, and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that SPAG9 expression was significantly associated with tumor grades in 82% of early stage cervical cancer specimens. SPAG9 antibodies were detected in approximately 80% of cervical cancer patients, but not in healthy controls. Statistical analysis revealed that a significant proportion of early stage cancer patients with a high SPAG9 immunoreactivity score (IRS) exhibited significantly higher antibody response against SPAG9 compared with moderate SPAG9 IRSs, suggesting a close relation between SPAG9 protein expression and humoral immune response.CONCLUSIONS:The current study findings revealed that in early stage cervical cancer, a substantial number of patients exhibited SPAG9 expression and generated SPAG9 antibodies, supporting its potential role in early detection and diagnosis in cervical cancer management. Furthermore, these findings provide leads for future development of noninvasive serologic biomarkers for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cervical cancer. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Multilayer Structures of Self‐Assembled Gold Nanoparticles as a Unique SERS and SEIRA Substrate
Authors: Baia Monica , Toderas Felicia , Baia Lucian , Maniu Dana , Astilean Simion 
Published: March 2009

AbstractGold deposits: Multilayer gold nanostructures deposited on a glass substrate are characterized by AFM and UV/Vis spectroscopy. Detailed analysis of the recorded spectra shows the potential of this substrate in surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy and surface‐enhanced IR absorption (see picture) for providing information about the adsorbed species.magnified imageMetallic multilayer structures consisting of self‐assembled nanoparticles are prepared by successive immersion of a functionalized glass substrate in a gold colloidal suspension, and are characterized by UV/Vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The ability of the thin film to concomitantly enhance the Raman and IR signals of an adsorbed molecule is evaluated and a detailed analysis of the recorded spectra is provided, which emphasizes the capability of these complementary methods to provide information about the adsorbed species. This unique surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and surface‐enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) substrate could be further used for applications in the elucidation of the structure of a great variety of adsorbed samples.
Processes in civil case mediations
Authors: Wall James A. , Chan‐Serafin Suzanne 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn a quantitative and qualitative study, we investigated mediators' behaviors, disputants' behaviors (i.e., plaintiffs' and defendants'), and the concessions and agreements in sixty‐two authentic civil court mediations. We predicted mediators would apply more assertive techniques whenever these disputants indicated their goals were high. We also predicted that plaintiffs would make larger concessions than defendants, that mediators would perceive they have more leverage on plaintiffs, and that mediators would apply more of the assertive techniques to them. All of these predictions were supported. In closing, we delineated the implications of our results for scholars and practitioners.
The Sieve Model: An innovative process for identifying alternatives to custody evaluations
Authors: Silver Robert B. , Silver Deborah Coe 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis article reviews the development of the Sieve Model, conceived from dissatisfaction with adversarial processes that encouraged endless destructive fighting and depletion of financial and emotional family resources. Adversarial approaches discourage constructive problem solving and cooperation and are very hard on children. Rather than a piecemeal approach toward divorce, a systemic model was conceived. The Sieve Model is being implemented in the 20th Judicial Circuit of the State of Florida through differentiated case management, after a study revealed that protracted cases primarily involved disputes over children. Families are invited to use pertinent elements in an individualized fashion. Family law professionals are challenged to develop other solution‐based efforts akin to mediation to assist families of divorce. The Sieve Model encourages participants to practice solving problems rather than creating them, decreasing divorce brutality and postjudgment conflicts.
Overexpression of the transcription factor Msx1 is insufficient to drive complete regeneration of refractory stage Xenopus laevis hindlimbs
Authors: Barker Donna M. , Beck Caroline W. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractXenopus laevis tadpoles are capable of hindlimb regeneration, although this ability declines with age. Bmp signaling is one pathway known to be necessary for successful regeneration to occur. Using an inducible transgenic line containing an activated version of the Bmp target Msx1, we assessed the ability of this transcription factor to enhance regeneration in older limbs. Despite considerable evidence correlating msx1 expression with regenerative success in vertebrate regeneration models, we show that induction of msx1 during hindlimb regeneration fails to induce complete regeneration. However, we did observe some improvement in regenerative outcome, linked to morphological changes in the early wound epithelium and a corresponding increase in proliferation in the underlying distal mesenchyme, neither of which are maintained later. Additionally, we show that Msx1 is not able to rescue limb regeneration in a Bmp signalling‐deficient background, indicating that additional Bmp targets are required for regeneration in anuran limbs. Developmental Dynamics 238:1366–1378, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Summary of ‘Over‐the‐counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings’, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials
Authors: Smith S. M. , Schroeder K. , Fahey T. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThis is a summary, including tables of key findings and quality of included trials of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Smith SM, Schroeder K, Fahey T. Over‐the‐counter medications for acute cough in children and adults in ambulatory settings (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue No. 1. Art No.: CD001831. DOI:10.1.002/14 651 858.CD001831.pub3.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2009 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
High‐Pressure–High‐Temperature Behavior of ζ‐Fe2N and Phase Transition to ϵ‐Fe3N1.5
Authors: Schwarz Ulrich , Wosylus Aron , Wessel Michael , Dronskowski Richard , Hanfland Michael , Rau Dieter , Niewa Rainer 
Published: March 2009

AbstractUnder the high‐pressure–high‐temperature conditions of a resistivity‐heated Walker‐type two‐stage multi‐anvil device [1600(200) K and 15(2) GPa] ζ‐Fe2N is transformed to single‐crystalline ϵ‐Fe3N1+x (x = 0.5). The crystal structure was refined in space group P6322 [a = 4.8016(2) Å, c = 4.4269(2) Å, Z = 2, R(F) = 1.27 %] resulting in a composition of Fe3N1.47(1), i.e., under the selected preparation conditions the structural change takes place under conservation of the nitrogen content within experimental error. The applied pressure is necessary to prevent decomposition and formation of elemental nitrogen at elevated temperatures. Application of pressure in a diamond anvil cell at ambient temperature without external heating gives no indication of a phase transition of the starting material. A least‐squares fit of a Murnaghan‐type equation of state to the experimental pressure‐volume data up to 25 GPa results in a compressibility of B0 = 162.1(8) GPa, B0′ = 5.24(8), with V0 = 118.09(1) Å3. Density‐functional electronic‐structure calculations on ζ‐Fe2N and ϵ‐Fe2N for 0 K indicate that no pressure‐induced phase transition can occur such that the phase transition must be driven by temperature, as is observed in the experiments. The bulk module for ζ‐Fe2N (B0 = 219 GPa, B0′ = 4.46 GPa) is in acceptable agreement with the experimental results. Similar to the case of ϵ‐Fe3N1.1, ϵ‐Fe3N1.5 may be described both in space group P312 and P6322, and again space group P312 is favored by 12.1 kJ/mol. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Simultaneous Determination of Dopamine and Ascorbic Acid Using the Nano‐Gold Self‐Assembled Glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Hu Guangzhi , Guo Yong , Shao Shijun 
Published: March 2009

AbstractElectrochemical behavior of dopamine (DA) was investigated at the gold nanoparticles self‐assembled glassy carbon electrode (GNP/LC/GCE), which was fabricated by self‐assembling gold nanoparticles on the surface of L‐cysteine (LC) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) via successive cyclic voltammetry (CV). A pair of well‐defined redox peaks of DA on the GNP/LC/GCE was obtained at Epa=0.197 V and Epc=0.146 V, respectively. And the peak separation between DA and AA is about 0.2 V, which is enough for simultaneous determination of DA and AA. The peak currents of DA and AA were proportional with their concentrations in the range of 6.0×10−8–8.5×10−5 mol L−1 and 1.0×10−6–2.5×10−3 mol L−1, with the detection limit of 2.0×10−8 mol L−1 and 3.0×10−7 mol L−1 (S/N=3), respectively. The modified electrode exhibits an excellent reproducibility, sensibility and stability for simultaneous determination of DA and AA in human serum with satisfactory result.
Electrochemical Characterization and Application of Carbon Ionic Liquid Electrodes Containing 1 : 12 Phosphomolybdic Acid
Authors: Haghighi Behzad , Hamidi Hassan 
Published: March 2009

Abstract1 : 12 Phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) and graphite powder were homogeneously dispersed into an n‐octylpyridinum hexafluorophosphate base carbon ionic liquid electrode (CILE). The cyclic voltammograms of the PMo12 modified CILE showed three well‐defined pairs of redox peaks due to the PMo12 system. Formal potentials and electrochemical characteristics including electron transfer rate constant and transfer coefficient were evaluated. Additionally, PMo12 modified CILE exhibited good electrocatalytic activity toward iodate reduction. The kinetic of catalytic reduction of iodate on PMo12 modified CILE was investigated in detail. The modified electrode was used for amperometric determination of iodate in commercial table salt.
Potentiometric Stripping Analysis at Antimony Film Electrodes
Authors: Tesařová Eva , Vytřas Karel 
Published: March 2009

AbstractNew procedures of potentiometric stripping analysis can be based on the use of antimony film electrodes and antimony(III) salts. In this paper, antimony films are generated onto carbon paste electrodes in situ and after electrolytic preconcentration of the metals to be determined, the excess antimony(III) serves as a chemical oxidant. Moreover in acidic solutions containing halide ions, the oxidation ability of antimony(III) is adequately limited because of formation of its corresponding halide complexes. Compared with similar total substitution of traditionally used mercury(II) by bismuth(III), the use of antimony(III) offers higher sensitivity in detection of heavy metals, namely, cadmium and lead.
Psychopathological features in patients with Parkinson's disease and related caregivers' burden
Authors: Stella Florindo , Banzato Claudio E. M. , Quagliato Elizabeth M. A. Barasnevicius , Viana Maura Aparecida , Christofoletti Gustavo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractBackgroundAlong with classical motor disorders in Parkinson's disease (PD), psychopathological features frequently co‐occur, which may increase the caregiver's burden.AimsTo identify the profile of psychopathological symptoms in patients with PD and the impact imposed by this condition on the caregiver's burden.SubjectsFifty patients with idiopathic PD seen consecutively at the Movement Disorder Outpatient Clinic at the Hospital of State University of Campinas, Brazil, and their 50 respective caregivers were studied.MethodsThe 50 patients with PD were divided into three groups according to the respective psychiatric diagnosis received (depression: N = 17, dementia: N = 13 and non‐depressed and non‐demented: N = 20). We divided the caregivers into three groups according to the mental condition of their patients. To assess the mental condition of patients and the caregiver's burden, and to correlate those psychopathological features found with clinical features of PD, we applied the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI).ResultsPatients with dementia presented the highest NPI scores of psychopathological symptoms (26.4), followed by patients with depression (24.9). Non‐depressed and non‐demented patients revealed fewer symptoms (7.2). Caregivers' burden was found to be proportional to the degree of patients' symptomatology.ConclusionPatients with dementia presented more severe motor impairment and lower functionality, followed by patients with depression and those non‐demented, non‐depressed. Psychotic symptoms, agitation, aberrant motor behaviours and sleep disturbances were higher in dementia group. Neuropsychiatric disturbances correlated with caregiver's burden, which was highest in patients with dementia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.