bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pilot study for a new bipolar radiofrequency ablation/aspirator device in the management of primary and secondary liver cancers
Authors: Zacharoulis Dimitris , Khorsandi Shirin E. , Vavra Petr , Dostalik Jan , Navarra Giuseppe , Nicholls Joanna P. , Jiao Long R. , Habib Nagy A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackground: In the US, the thermal ablation workload for cancer involving the liver is predicted to more than double in the next 5 years, emphasising the need to develop and improve the current technology.Study Design: A multicentre nonrandomised prospective clinical trial (NCT00514930) was undertaken, to assess the efficacy and safety of a new bipolar radiofrequency ablation/aspirator device, in the treatment of primary and secondary cancers of the liver.Results: A total of 34 lesions in 16 patients were ablated at laparotomy and followed up at 4 weeks. The mean diameter of lesion before ablation was 3.2±2.22 (range 1–10) cm, the mean volume aspirated during ablation was 9.25±7.3 (range 0–25) ml and the mean operative time was 145.95±40.7 (range 60–215) min. There was one major complication of a pleural effusion, which required drainage. The mean length of stay was 8±3.2 (range 3–14) days. In 11 patients, the ablated tumour was resected. On histological assessment, there was no evidence of viable cancer at the tumour edge. On follow‐up computed tomography, the ablation zone fully encompassed the targeted tumour and there were no local complications related to ablation.Conclusion: Initial analysis of the data from this small cohort, with only a short‐term follow‐up, shows this device to be safe and effective.
Inadequate Clearance of Small Molecular Weight Solutes During Hemofiltration Using Cuprophan Membranes
Authors: Rubin Jack E. , Adler Andrew J. , Friedman Eli A. , Berlyne Geoffrey M. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTIn a study of four patients treated with one hour of hemofiltration using Cuprophan membranes, followed by three hours of dialysis, it was found that patients will have reduced clearances of small molecular weight solutes. This may be prevented by increasing blood flow rates to compensate for the time spent in hemofiltration. Cuprophan membranes do not clear middle molecular weight solutes as well as other membranes, but fluid removal is comparable to that Reported by other investigators using more porous membranes.
Theoretical Aspects of Various Ultrafiltration Methods in Artificial Kidney Therapy
Authors: Stiller Siegfried , Mann Helmut , Gürich Wolfgang 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTA mathematical model including urea, creatinine and other osmotically important solutes (such as sodium, potassium and chloride) is applied to calculate volume shifts, caused by ultrafiltration, between the fluid compartments of the body. The volume shifts between the intracellular (ICV) and the extracellular (ECV) compartments are mainly caused by alteration of extracellular sodium concentration.Various methods of achieving ultrafiltration, including conventional dialysis, initial ultrafiltration using Cuprophan (without dialysis) or hemofiltration, produce different responses. In choosing a method, one must consider that both a rapid decrease of ECV and a fast shift of water from ICV to ECV should be avoided.In pure hemofiltration, ultrafiltrate is isotonic and water is removed from ECV only. Hemofiltration with dilution produces a very slow shift of water between ICV and ECV dependent on sodium concentration of plasma and diluting fluid. In initial ultrafiltration through Cuprophan, water is shifted from ICV to ECV. With ultrafiltration throughout the entire dialysis, there are pronounced shifts between ICV and ECV dependent on the difference of the sodium concentration between plasma and dialysate.
Blood Plasma/Implant Interfaces FT—IR Studies of Adsorption on Polyethylene and Heparin‐Treated Polyethylene Surfaces
Authors: Jakobsen Robert J. , Gendreau R. Michael 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTDescribed is an attenuated total reflection (ATR), Fourier Transform infrared (FT–IR) technique useful for studying the adsorption of blood plasma proteins onto polymer surfaces. This technique has the advantage of employing Whole blood plasma and has detected differences between the species adsorbed onto heparin‐treated polymers as compared to the species adsorbed on untreated polymers. Differences detected consist of 1) changes in conformation and/or composition of proteins adsorbed on treated and untreated polymers, and 2) changes in amounts of carbohydrate‐containing materials on the treated and untreated polymer surfaces.The advantages of FT–IR are its extreme sensitivity and its ability to work with highly complex systems such as whole blood plasma. These abilities should be of great value for providing direct molecular level information concerning protein adsorption from intact blood systems.
Hemostatic Changes Induced In Vitro by Hemoperfusion Over Activated Charcoal
Authors: Winchester James F. , MacKay John M. , Forbes Charles D. , Courtney James M. , Gilchrist Thomas , Prentice Colin R. M. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTThe effect of hemoperfusion over charcoal on changes in platelet counts, coagulation factor concentrations and standard coagulation tests were determined during a two‐hour in vitro perfusion of normal blood through a column containing 20 gm of activated charcoal, either uncoated or coated with 0.5% acrylonitrile/dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer (AN/DMAEMA). With citrated whole blood, platelet counts fell by 15% during hemoperfusion over coated or uncoated charcoal and also during passage through an identical empty chamber. On the other hand, with heparinized whole blood, platelet counts fell by 90% during hemoperfusion over uncoated charcoal, and 25% during hemoperfusion over coated charcoal. The concentrations of coagulation factors II, V, IX, X and XII were reduced during hemoperfusion over uncoated charcoal, while those of factors II and X were reduced and that of factor VII increased during hemoperfusion over coated charcoal. Perfusion with heparinized, platelet‐rich plasma resulted in small reductions in platelet counts, suggesting that either erythrocyte disruption or the physical effects of intact red cells play a major role in producing the hemostatic abnormalities occurring during whole blood hemoperfusion. The method described may be used to assess the hemocompatibility of polymer coatings for charcoal particles, to investigate the nature of the interaction between platelets and artificial surfaces, and to assess the effect of platelet‐active agents in reducing platelet adsorption on charcoal or other sorbents.
A Hemoperfusion Column Based on Activated Carbon Granules Coated with an Ultrathin Membrane of Cellulose Acetate
Authors: Tijssen Johan , Bantjes Adriaan , van Doorn Albert W. J. , Feijen Jan , van Dijk Boudewijn , Vonk Carel R. , Dijkhuis Ido C. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTA hemoperfusion system has been developed which makes use of activated carbon encapsulated with cellulose acetate. Studies have revealed that there are no stagnant flow regions in the column, there i? minimal particle release and the coating is 30 Å thick. The relationships between pore size, pore volume and surface area have been examined. Twenty‐five patients in grade IV coma have been treated with the column for treatment of drug overdose or agricultural chemical poisoning; the clinical course of one meprobamate‐poisoned patient is described in detail.
The Application of Immobilized Enzymes in an Artificial Liver Support System
Authors: Brunner Gorig , Holloway C. J. , Lösgen H. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTA novel method of extracorporeal support for fulminant liver failure is Reported whereby the most important detoxification processes of the liver are reproduced in an enzyme reactor. Most of the endogenous toxins involved in hepatic coma can be deactivated directly by conjugation with a hydrophilic residue such as glucuronic acid or glutathione, or by the neutralization of active groups through structural modification by methyl transfer. The enzymes responsible for these processes have been isolated and purified from rabbit liver, and covalently bound onto a hemocompatible form of agarose matrix. This system has been shown to be capable of catalyzing the desired reactions with endogenous toxins such as phenols and mercaptans in vitro, and phenols in rabbits in vivo.
Use of Plasma Polymerization for Preparing Silicone‐Coated Membranes for Possible Use in Blood Oxygenators
Authors: Chawla Attar S. 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTThe plasma polymerization of hexamethylcyclo‐trisiloxane (D3) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) over the microporous polypropylene membrane Celgard 2400, over polypropylene filter membranes, and over glass slides was investigated. The rate of polymer deposition was dependent upon the location of the substrate materials in the reaction vessel. The increase in weight of all the substrates was linear with the time of reaction, indicating a uniform polymerization rate. The rate of polymer deposition over the polypropylene filters was found to be 2.27 μg/cm2/min for both D3 and D4, whereas over the glass slides it was 1.53 and 1.87 μg/cmZ/min for Ds and D4, respectively. The coated Celgard membranes showed better blood compatibility than Silastic® sheeting or glass.
Transalveolar maxillary sinus floor elevation using osteotomes with or without grafting material. Part II: radiographic tissue remodeling
Authors: Pjetursson Bjarni E. , Ignjatovic Diana , Matuliene Giedre , Brägger Urs , Schmidlin Kurt , Lang Niklaus P. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectives: To evaluate the pattern of tissue remodeling after maxillary sinus floor elevation using the transalveolar osteotome technique with or without utilizing grafting materials.Methods: During the period of 2000–2005, 252 Straumann® dental implants were inserted using the transalveolar sinus floor elevation technique in a group of 181 patients. For 88 or 35% of those implants, deproteinized bovine bone mineral with a particle size of 0.25–1 mm was used as the grafting material, but for the remaining 164 implants, no grafting material was utilized. Periapical radiographs were obtained with a paralleling technique and digitized. Two investigators, who were blinded to whether grafting material was used or not, subsequently evaluated the pattern of tissue remodeling.Results: The mean residual bone height was 7.5 mm (SD 2.2 mm), ranging from 2 to 12.7 mm. The mean residual bone height for implants placed with grafting material (6.4 mm) was significantly less compared with the implants installed without grafting material (8.1 mm). The implants penetrated on average 3.1 mm (SD 1.7 mm) into the sinus cavity. The measured mean radiographic bone gain using the transalveolar technique without grafting material was significantly less, 1.7 mm (SD 2 mm) compared with a mean bone gain of 4.1 mm (SD 2.4 mm), when grafting material was used. Furthermore, the probability of gaining 2 mm or more of new bone was 39.1% when no grafting material was used. The probability increased to 77.9% when the implants were installed with grafting material.Conclusion: When the transalveolar sinus floor elevation was performed without utilizing grafting material, only a moderate gain of new bone could be detected mesial and distal to the implants. On the other hand, when grafting material was used, a substantial gain of new bone was usually seen on the radiographs.
Laminin‐421 produced by lymphatic endothelial cells induces chemotaxis for human melanoma cells
Authors: Saito Noriko , Hamada Jun‐ichi , Furukawa Hiroshi , Tsutsumida Arata , Oyama Akihiko , Funayama Emi , Saito Akira , Tsuji Tsutomu , Tada Mitsuhiro , Moriuchi Tetsuya , Yamamoto Yuhei 
Published: June 2009

SummaryMelanoma has a high tendency to metastasize to lymph nodes, which is one of the clinicopathological factors to indicate poor prognosis. Recent investigations have shown the importance of lymphangiogenesis in lymph node metastasis in a variety of human tumors including melanoma. However, molecular mechanism of lymphatic metastasis is still poorly defined. We examined influence of interactions between normal lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and melanoma cells on cell migration. Medium conditioned with LEC (LEC‐CM) contained chemotactic and chemokinetic activities for human melanoma cell lines. The chemotactic activity was fractionated in more than 100 kDa, and inactivated by heat‐treatment. The chemotactic activity of LEC‐CM was abolished by immunodepletion with anti‐laminin‐1 antibody. And immunoprecipitation and Western blot analyses revealed that LEC‐CM contained laminin‐421. When melanoma C8161 cells were treated with function‐blocking antibodies to integrin α3 or α6, their chemotactic responses to LEC‐CM were markedly reduced. Furthermore, the knock‐down of tetraspanin CD151 weakened the chemotactic responses of C8161 and MeWo cells to LEC‐CM. These data suggest that laminin‐421 secreted by LEC possibly facilitates lymphatic metastasis through the induction of chemotaxis of melanoma cells.
Research into Acupuncture for Respiratory Disease in Japan: A Systematic Review
Authors: Suzuki Masao , Yokoyama Yoko , Yamazaki Hiroshi 
Published: June 2009

Background In Japan, studies on acupuncture therapy for respiratory disease have rarely been reported. Additionally, most of the reports are difficult for overseas researchers to access because they are written in Japanese and cannot be located using Medline. Purpose To review studies on acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for respiratory disease conducted in Japan. Data sources The results of a literature search using “Igaku Chuo Zasshi Web” and the Medical Online Library, both of which are Japanese databases, covering the period between 1979 and 2006. Study selection This study reviewed references cited in retrieved documents and selected original articles and case reports on acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for respiratory disease. Data extraction The search terms used were “acupuncture” and “respiratory disease”, along with “respiratory”, “asthma”, “COPD”, “bronchitis” and “common cold”. Results The study retrieved 34 papers on acupuncture treatment for respiratory disease written in Japanese (9 full papers, 19 case reports and 6 case series). The papers dealt with such conditions as asthma (14 trials), cough variant asthma (one trial), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (seven trials), chronic bronchitis (one trial), usual/idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (one trial) and the common cold (two trials). The study also found eight trials dealing with cold prevention. Conclusions A small number of reports on acupuncture and moxibustion treatment for respiratory diseases were found in the Japanese databases. Future studies must use more rigorous evaluation methods, such as randomised controlled trials, to measure the effectiveness of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for treating respiratory diseases.
Acupuncture for Dyspepsia in Pregnancy: A Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Study
Authors: da Silva João Bosco Guerreiro , Nakamura Mary Uchiyama , Cordeiro José Antonio , Kulay Luiz , Saidah Rassen 
Published: June 2009

Objectives This study was undertaken to describe under real-life conditions the effects of acupuncture on symptomatic dyspepsia during pregnancy and to compare this with a group of patients undergoing conventional treatment alone. Methods A total of 42 conventionally treated pregnant women were allocated by chance into two groups to be treated, or not, by acupuncture. They reported the severity of symptoms and the disability these were causing in daily aspects of life such as sleeping and eating, using a numerical rating scale. The study also observed the use of medications. Results Six women dropped out (one in the acupuncture group and five in the control group). Significant improvements in symptoms were found in the study group. This group also used less medication and had a greater improvement in their disabilities when compared with the control group. Conclusions This study suggests that acupuncture may alleviate dyspepsia during pregnancy.
Stepwise evolution of two giant composite LTR-retrotransposon-like elements DA and Xiao
Authors: Li Xuanyang , Slife Jennifer , Patel Neil , Zhao Shaying 
Published: June 2009

Abstract

Background
We recently discovered two composite long terminal repeat (LTR)-retrotransposon-like elements which we named DA (~300 kb) and Xiao (~30 kb), meaning big and small in Chinese respectively. Xiao and DA (three types of DA identified) were found to have been derived from several donor sites and have spread to 30 loci in the human genome, totaling to 5 Mb. Our bioinformatics analyses with the released human, chimp, rhesus macaque, orangutan, and marmoset genomic sequences indicate that DA and Xiao emerged ~25 million years (Myr) ago.

Results
To better understand the evolution of these two complex elements, we investigated various internal junctions of DA and Xiao as well as orthologous genomic sites of the 30 DA/Xiao loci in non-human primates including great apes, lesser apes, Old World monkeys, New World monkeys, and a prosimian. We found that Xiao and type I DA first emerged in the genome between 25 and 18 Myr ago, whereas type II and Type III DAs emerged between 14 and 7 Myr ago. Xiao and DA were most active in great apes, with their amplification peaking during 25-14 and 14-7 Myr ago, respectively. Neither DA nor Xiao seem to have been active in the human and chimp genomes during last 6 Myr.

Conclusion
The study has led to a more accurate age determination of the DA and Xiao elements than our previous bioinformatics analyses, and indicates that the amplification activity of the elements coincided with that of group I HERV-Es during evolution. It has also illustrated an evolutionary path with stepwise structural changes for the elements during past 25 Myr, and in doing so has shed more light on these two intriguing and complex elements that have reshaped our genome.
Validation of a high-throughput fermentation system based on online monitoring of biomass and fluorescence in continuously shaken microtiter plates
Authors: Kensy Frank , Zang Emerson , Faulhammer Christian , Tan Rung-Kai , Büchs Jochen 
Published: June 2009

Abstract

Background
An advanced version of a recently reported high-throughput fermentation system with online measurement, called BioLector, and its validation is presented. The technology combines high-throughput screening and high-information content by applying online monitoring of scattered light and fluorescence intensities in continuously shaken microtiter plates. Various examples in calibration of the optical measurements, clone and media screening and promoter characterization are given.

Results
Bacterial and yeast biomass concentrations of up to 50 g/L cell dry weight could be linearly correlated to scattered light intensities. In media screening, the BioLector could clearly demonstrate its potential for detecting different biomass and product yields and deducing specific growth rates for quantitatively evaluating media and nutrients. Growth inhibition due to inappropriate buffer conditions could be detected by reduced growth rates and a temporary increase in NADH fluorescence. GFP served very well as reporter protein for investigating the promoter regulation under different carbon sources in yeast strains. A clone screening of 90 different GFP-expressing Hansenula polymorpha clones depicted the broad distribution of growth behavior and an even stronger distribution in GFP expression. The importance of mass transfer conditions could be demonstrated by varying filling volumes of an E. coli culture in 96 well MTP. The different filling volumes cause a deviation in the culture growth and acidification both monitored via scattered light intensities and the fluorescence of a pH indicator, respectively.

Conclusion
The BioLector technology is a very useful tool to perform quantitative microfermentations under engineered reaction conditions. With this technique, specific yields and rates can be directly deduced from online biomass and product concentrations, which is superior to existing technologies such as microplate readers or optode-based cultivation systems. In particular, applications with strong demand on high-throughput such as clone and media screening and systems biology can benefit from its simple handling, the high quantitative information content and its capacity of automation.
Bilateral synchronous occurrence of three different histological types of renal tumor: a case report
Authors: Radopoulos Demetrios , Tahmatzopoulos Anastasios , Kalinderis Nikolaos , Dimitriadis Georgios 
Published: June 2009

Abstract

Introduction
Renal cell carcinomas account for 85% of all renal neoplasms. With the introduction of modern imaging modalities, there has been an increased diagnosis of renal tumors. Recent studies have shown that partial nephrectomy can be as safe as radical nephrectomy for smaller renal tumors. Renal cell carcinomas are usually unilateral, however, they can be bilateral in 2% to 4% of sporadic cases and considerably more common in familial cases.

Case presentation
In this case report, we describe an unusual case of two bilateral synchronous chromophobe renal cell carcinomas accompanied by an oncocytoma and an angiomyolipoma, that were all treated by open partial nephrectomy.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report on the synchronous occurrence of bilateral chromophobe renal cell carcinomas associated with an oncocytoma and an angiomyolipoma.
Torsion of parietal-peritoneal fat mimicking acute appendicitis: a case report
Authors: Hapuarachchi Kamal Sanjiva , Courtney Edward Douglas , Gergely Szabolcs , Tang Tjun Yip 
Published: June 2009

Abstract

Introduction
Infarctions of the greater omentum and appendices epiploicae are uncommon, but well documented causes of acute abdominal pain. We present a rare case of torted fat on the parietal peritoneum over the anterior abdominal wall, mimicking clinical signs of acute appendicitis, which was diagnosed at laparoscopy. We are aware of only two other similar reported cases, both of which were diagnosed at the time of laparotomy.

Case presentation
A 41-year-old Caucasian woman presented with clinical signs of acute appendicitis. On diagnostic laparoscopy, a non-inflamed appendix was found. Further exploration revealed a necrotic torted appendage of fat overlying the parietal peritoneum of the right iliac fossa of the anterior abdominal wall.

Conclusion
Torted fatty appendages can be a diagnostic dilemma often mimicking more common causes of an acute abdomen. Laparoscopy is an excellent tool making the correct diagnosis in such cases.