bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comonitoring of adenosine and dopamine using the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System: proof of principle
Authors: Shon Young-Min , Chang Su-Youne , Tye Susannah J. , Kimble Christopher J. , Bennet Kevin E. , Blaha Charles D. , Lee Kendall H. 
Published: September 2009

Object
The authors of previous studies have demonstrated that local adenosine efflux may contribute to the therapeutic mechanism of action of thalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor. Real-time monitoring of the neurochemical output of DBS-targeted regions may thus advance functional neurosurgical procedures by identifying candidate neurotransmitters and neuromodulators involved in the physiological effects of DBS. This would in turn permit the development of a method of chemically guided placement of DBS electrodes in vivo. Designed in compliance with FDA-recognized standards for medical electrical device safety, the authors report on the utility of the Wireless Instantaneous Neurotransmitter Concentration System (WINCS) for real-time comonitoring of electrical stimulation–evoked adenosine and dopamine efflux in vivo, utilizing fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) at a polyacrylonitrile-based (T-650) carbon fiber microelectrode (CFM).

Methods
The WINCS was used for FSCV, which consisted of a triangle wave scanned between −0.4 and +1.5 V at a rate of 400 V/second and applied at 10 Hz. All voltages applied to the CFM were with respect to an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The CFM was constructed by aspirating a single T-650 carbon fiber (r = 2.5 μm) into a glass capillary and pulling to a microscopic tip using a pipette puller. The exposed carbon fiber (the sensing region) extended beyond the glass insulation by ~ 50 μm. Proof of principle tests included in vitro measurements of adenosine and dopamine, as well as in vivo measurements in urethane-anesthetized rats by monitoring adenosine and dopamine efflux in the dorsomedial caudate putamen evoked by high-frequency electrical stimulation of the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra.

Results
The WINCS provided reliable, high-fidelity measurements of adenosine efflux. Peak oxidative currents appeared at +1.5 V and at +1.0 V for adenosine, separate from the peak oxidative current at +0.6 V for dopamine. The WINCS detected subsecond adenosine and dopamine efflux in the caudate putamen at an implanted CFM during high-frequency stimulation of the ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra. Both in vitro and in vivo testing demonstrated that WINCS can detect adenosine in the presence of other easily oxidizable neurochemicals such as dopamine comparable to the detection abilities of a conventional hardwired electrochemical system for FSCV.

Conclusions
Altogether, these results demonstrate that WINCS is well suited for wireless monitoring of high-frequency stimulation-evoked changes in brain extracellular concentrations of adenosine. Clinical applications of selective adenosine measurements may prove important to the future development of DBS technology.
Antioxidant potential study of some synthesized N-heterocycles
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Mamun , Shaha Sukanta Kumar , Aziz Foysal 
Published: August 2009

Nitrogen containing heterocyclic compounds such as oxindoles especially isatins and their derivatives have excellent biological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer activity. In addition, this is first time ever we would like to report the antioxidant properties of the said class of compounds. To determine such an important bioactivity a number of halogenated oxindoles 1-3, their diaza-biphenyl derivatives (4-6), ring extended biphenyl (7) and bis-amide (8) were synthesized by classical heating method. The antioxidant activity of all the synthesized compounds was screened by DPPH method with respect to ascorbic acid. In our present investigation some of the synthesized compounds (1, 2, 3, 5 and 6) were found to be active.Keywords: Antioxidant; Isatin; OxindoleOnline 12 August 2009DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v35i2.2564Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2009; 35: 49-52
Assessment of quality of care in maternal and newborn health services available in public health care facilities in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Sameena , Hossain Syed Akram , Halim Abdul 
Published: August 2009

The study was conducted using the exit interview with patients (n=120), in depth interview with health care providers (n=87) and focus group discussion (n=16) with stakeholders to assess the perceived level of quality of care in maternal and newborn health at public facilities in Bangladesh. Both clients and providers expressed dissatisfaction for inadequate quality of care represented by poor cleanliness, long waiting time with less consultation time, poor compassion by providers, inadequate supply of drugs and unnoticed cost for services varied by level of facilities. Inadequacy in human resource and absenteeism and poor laboratory service were reported to worsen the condition especially at lower level of service delivery. Thus this study explored some important factors like poor quality of care, inadequate technical competencies, information exchange and follow-up services. A deficit in supplies and logistics are strong barrier in regards to quality of care at various levels which needs to be addressed immediately.Keywords: Bangladesh; Maternal health; Newborn health; Quality of careOnline: 13 August 2009DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v35i2.3044Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2009; 35: 53-56
Study on follow up of patients in the Department of Radiotherapy in a teaching hospital
Authors: Hussain Quazi Mushtaq , Mahbub-Ul-Alam Md , Hai MA 
Published: August 2009

Follow-up of patients is one of the most important parts of cancer management. But in our country as most of the patients do not come for follow-up, at present it is only possible to find the total number of patients, their sex, number of patients planned for radiotherapy and chemotherapy and or other treatment modality and their percentage but not possible to find out the cure rate and survival rate due to above mentioned limitations. So it is suggested to improve the documentation system in a computerized manner and increase patient counseling so that patients come for follow-up and when ever a patient comes whether he or she is new or old can be recognized at once. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3150 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 57-59
A Clinical Study of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Hossain Md Moazzem 
Published: August 2009

This study was done in the outpatient department of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital from April 2005 to March 2006. In this study the clinical patterns of allergic contact dermatitis and their causative allergic products was studied. Out of 50 patients, 34(68%) were female and 16(32%) were male. The study shows that the clinical patterns of allergic contact dermatitis are eczema 24(48%), hyperpigmentation 14(28%), urticaria 6(12%), acneform eruption 04(08%) and hypopigmentation 02(04%). Allergic products causing allergic contact dermatitis was cosmetics 20(40%), shoe 08(16%), clothing 06(12%), occupation 05(10%) adhesive 04(08%), metals & metal salts 04(08%) topical drugs 02(04%) and rubber gloves 01(02%). doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3151 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 60-62
Pap test for Screening of Carcinoma of Cervix: Analysis of one Hundred Patients
Authors: Begum Jahanara , Hossain Md Aftab 
Published: August 2009

During the period of July-2005 to June 2006 a total 100 women under went pap testing in Dinajpur, Bangladesh. The aim of the study was to observe the pattern of histological changes in cervical epithelia among sexually active women in Dinajpur. Results of Pap's test revealed inflammatory changes in 69%, cases, inflammatory with squamous metaplasia in 23% cases, normal 6%, atypia 1% & dyskaryosis in 1% case. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3155 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 76-80
Primary Intestinal Hodgkins Lymphoma associated with Intussusception and Cholelithiasis
Authors: Haque MM , Siddique AB , Badruddoza SM , Manik MA Hye 
Published: August 2009

Primary intestinal lymphoma is a lymphoproliferative neoplasm of the small intestine. Clinical manifestations are primarily limited to the small intestine. In these cases there is no evidence of lymphoma on chest radiograph, CT scan, peripheral blood or bone marrow puncture. On laparotomy the bowel lesion predominates and few lymph nodes are associated with intestinal lesion. Primary intestinal lymphoma involves the ileum more frequently than jejunum because there is an abundance of lymphoid follicles in the distal small intestine. On the other hand secondary intestinal lymphoma is a manifestation of generalized systemic lymphoid neoplasm. Here we present a very rare case of primary intestinal Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with chronic ileo-caecal intussusceptions and cholelithiasis. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3156 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 81-83
Renal Involvement in Leprosy: A Case Report
Authors: Islam AKMM , Alam E , Rezzak A , Huda N 
Published: August 2009

Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous multisystem disorder. Renal involvement is one of the dangerous complications of leprosy. Kidneys are usually involved during splanchnic localization of leprosy. The histopathological renal lesion spectrum includes spectrum of glomerulonephritis, renal amyloidosis and interstitial nephritis. Here we report a case of leprosy who presented with diffuse membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with renal failure. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3157 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 84-86
Raised Plasma Homocysteine: An Emerging Risk Factor for Ischaemic Heart Disease
Authors: Kabir MS , Majumder AAS , Chowdhury AW , Haque SA , Reza AQM , Islam AEMM , Ekram ARM Saifuddin , Uddin R , Islam QT 
Published: August 2009

Only one half to two thirds of atherosclerotic vascular diseases can be explained by classical risk factors like smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, family history of premature atherosclerotic vascular diseases, physical inactivity, obesity etc. Some other variables appear to contribute to the development of atherosclerotic vascular diseases which include estrogen deficiency, lipoprotein (a), plasma fibrinogen, plasminogen-activator inhibitor type I, endogenous tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), C-reactive protein and homocysteine. Over the last several years, investigators undertook extensive research work, in home and abroad, to determine the contribution of plasma homocysteine in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic vascular diseases. So far the research work indicates, raised plasma homocysteine appears to be a potential risk factor for ischaemic heart disease. doi: 10.3329/taj.v19i2.3158 TAJ 2006; 19(2): 87-93
Repair of thirty-six fractures in dogs using the Mennen clamp-on plate: preliminary results
Authors: Garvan C. B. , Kiss K. , McCartney W. T. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Objective: To report the use of a human fixation device, the Mennen clamp-on plate (MCOP), for fracture repair in dogs as the sole method of fixation, or in combination with another fixation method such as an intramedullary pin.
Methods: The study, which was performed to evaluate the use of the MCOP in fracture repair in dogs, included 36 cases that were selected between 2004 and 2008. The selected cases were all closed diaphyseal fractures, in which sufficient plate prongs could engage the bone on either side of the fracture.
Results: Of the 36 cases, 32 had excellent outcomes, and four had complications; these were two cases of fixation failure, one case of osteomyelitis, and one with mild sciatic nerve deficits.
Discussion: The MCOP is a promising method for fracture repair on its own for young puppies (six months or less), and in conjunction with other fixation methods in older dogs. It is quick to apply, as no screw holes are created and it achieved a successful outcome in 95% of the cases, provided the cases were appropriately selected for this method.
Conclusions: Using the MCOP has produced promising preliminary results in this study and warrants further evaluation.
Spinal instability resulting from bilateral mini-hemilaminectomy and pediculectomy
Authors: Arthurs G. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryA four-year-old male Dachshund was presented with pelvic limb paresis due to inter-vertebral disc extrusion. The spine was surgically explored and decompressed by a bilateral mini-hemilaminectomy and intervertebral disc fenestration at T12–13, and a bilateral pediculectomy of T13. Five days postoperatively, the dog deteriorated because of T13 dorsal laminar subluxation and secondary spinal cord compression. This was surgically investigated and stabilised using bilateral articular facet positional screws and a dorsal spinal plate; the dog subsequently recovered well. Clinically significant spinal instability associated with mini-hemilaminectomy and pediculectomy surgery has not been reported previously.
A pilot in vitro biomechanical comparison of locking compression plate fixation and kerf-cut cylinder fixation for ventral fusion of fourth and fifth equine cervical vertebrae
Authors: Bailey R. , Walmsley J. , Heller J. , Lischer C. , Reardon R. 
Published: August 2009

Summary
Introduction: The mechanical properties of equine cervical vertebrae joined by implants have not yet been reported. Locking compression plates (LCP) may provide a useful alternative system to the commonly used stainless steel kerf-cut cylinders (KCC) currently used for fixation of cervical vertebrae in horses.
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to establish a method for biomechanical testing of equine C4-C5 articulations and to compare the biomechanical properties of cadaveric spines stabilised with KCC and LCP.
Methods: Twenty-four equine cadaveric cervical spines were size measured from radio-graphs, and then randomly allocated to four groups. The C4-C5 articulation for each group was treated in the following way: group 1: KCC implanted, group 2: 8-hole 4.5/5.0 LCP implanted, group 3: 11-hole 3.5 LCP implanted and group 4: No implant. The specimens were fixed in resin and tested under four-point bending in ventral flexion until failure. Stiffness, maximum moment to failure and mode of failure were recorded for all specimens. General linear models were performed to analyse associations.
Results: All spines failed at the C4-C5 articulation. Failure however differed between groups with fractures in group 1, screw pull-out in groups 2 and 3, and disarticulation in group 4 being the common failure modes. The stiffness and maximum moment to failure of the KCC and LCP implanted spines were similar. Increasing age was significantly associated with decreasing moment to failure and increasing size was significantly associated with increasing moment to failure and stiffness.
Clinical significance: This study describes a successful technique for examining the bio-mechanical properties of equine cervical vertebrae. The LCP constructs had similar mechanical properties to the KCC which may justify their use in clinical cases.
Les programmes de vérification des importations (PVI) à la lumière de la théorie de l'agence
Authors: Dequiedt Vianney , Geourjon Anne-Marie , Rota-Graziosi Grégoire 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Dans de nombreux pays en voie de développement, des programmes de vérification des importations (PVI) ont été instaurés pour combattre la corruption des administrations douanières. Ils consistent à déléguer l’inspection des importations à une entreprise privée qui opère dans les pays exportateurs. De tels programmes s’avèrent particulièrement coûteux car l’entreprise se paye généralement entre 0,5 % et 0,8 % de la valeur FOB des marchandises inspectées. Dans cet article, nous analysons l’efficacité de ces programmes à la lumière de la théorie des contrats. Plus précisément, nous utilisons le modèle d’agence hiérarchique afin d’appréhender les interactions entre le gouvernement, l’administration douanière, l’importateur et l’entreprise assurant le PVI. De cette analyse nous déduisons quelques recommandations qui concernent entre autres l’identité des contractants, la modernisation des administrations douanières ou la politique de réconciliation.
Revisiter le passé au cinéma et en psychanalyse
Authors: Gaillard Christian 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Cet article porte sur le film que la réalisatrice suédoise Elisabeth Marton a consacré à la vie et à l’œuvre de Sabina Spielrein, un film dont il est montré ici qu’il avance sur trois modes : documentaire, par les vues de l’époque qui en ponctuent le scénario ; classiquement fictionnel, par le jeu des acteurs qui représentent les principaux protagonistes de l’histoire (Sabina elle-même, Jung, Freud, et d’autres) ; enfin et surtout par sa thématique subtile mais insistante : l’article amène à porter l’attention sur le rôle de leitmotiv que jouent les mains, les eaux, les fenêtres, les arbres dans ce film en donnant vie et corps à toute une vie symbolique qui dit à sa manière la tension et la lutte entre création et destruction.
Et l'humain dans tout ça ?
Authors: Laporte Chrystelle 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Ici, j’aborde l’accompagnement dans ses valeurs d’humanité, de responsabilité, de vide « à ne pas combler » en opposition avec la société de consommation , et sa « douce-amère illusion » que le bonheur est un objet comme les autres, qui s’achète. Y perlent les contours, les détours, les ratures ...Y germe mon idée de jonglage, d’entre-deux. Je pointe aussi en quoi les fondements de l’accompagnement sont aujourd’hui mis en danger .
Groupe de parole dans la formation des assistantes maternelles
Authors: Antoine François , Gauthier Jean-Marc , Boudou-Orliac Françoise 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Dans le cadre d’une formation des familles d’accueil, un accompagnement sous forme de groupe de parole nous a amenés à réfléchir aux effets du travail groupal. Le surgissement dans le groupe du thème de la haine est venu indiquer le contenu du pacte dénégatif qui constituait un organisateur. La haine, projetée à l’extérieur du groupe sous forme d’affect persécutif, en a redoublé l’effet. Les échanges sur des vécus similaires ont permis aux participantes une identification à la « parole du groupe ». Les effets de transformation sous forme d’élaborations secondarisées font trace du processus de formation.
Accompagner : oui, mais sous contraintes...
Authors: Damour Christelle 
Published: August 2009

Résumé L’analyse du temps d’une mesure judiciaire permet de repérer des mouvements de va-et-vient qui laissent entrevoir la complexité d’une notion au cœur du travail social contemporain : l’accompagnement. Les protagonistes de la mesure mettent en œuvre un réajustement permanent de façon à maîtriser une situation contraignante pour les un-e-s et les autres. Dès l’entrée dans la mesure se négocient les places de chacun-e. Celles-ci conditionnent alors les contours de la relation. Les interactions entre délégué-e-s à la tutelle et parents sont, plus largement, fonction des repères normatifs et contemporains concernant la famille et plus spécifiquement ceux relatifs à la notion d’intérêt de l’enfant.
Faire et faire-faire. Famille et professionnels auprès des personnes âgées fragilisées
Authors: Petite Ségolène 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Comment les professionnels et les proches familiaux – conjoint ou enfants – organisent-ils leurs interventions auprès des personnes âgées fragilisées ? Cet article vise à montrer la diversité des formes d’articulation du travail en s’appuyant sur les tâches effectuées par chacun. La spécialisation apparaît au cœur de la division du travail, aboutissant à la partition en deux sphères de compétences distinctes. Cependant, devant l’ampleur des handicaps, selon les caractéristiques de l’entourage, professionnels et famille sont parfois amenés à coopérer et à partager une liste plus ou moins longue de tâches.
Le bénévolat, un « véritable » travail ? Aspects juridiques
Authors: Gardes Delphine 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Les notions d’« activité », d’« activité professionnelle », d’« emploi », de « travail », de « métier » sont proches, mais elles ne sont pas identiques. Leur utilisation entraîne des conséquences juridiques et sociales importantes, notamment pour le travail bénévole, dont la reconnaissance en tant que « véritable » travail représente un enjeu certain.
Les illettrés savants
Authors: Loubet Jacques 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Qu’est-ce que l’écriture ? Existe-t-il un savoir chez les gens censés ne rien savoir ? Si la parole trace dans le sable, l’écriture grave sur la pierre. Ce texte se réfère à des histoires de vie mais également au passage de l’écriture savante qui laisse la place à l’écriture ordinaire. Marguerite Duras et Arthur Rimbaud ont eu des histoires de vie terribles ; ils ont été avant tout embarqués sur le bateau de l’écriture, non pour une opération esthétique mais pour une démarche éthique qui a pour nom la vérité. Puissions-nous entendre cette musicalité des mots qui nous donne à rêver et à voyager.
Émergence entrepreneuriale et innovation sociale dans l'économie sociale et solidaire : acteurs, projets et logiques d'action
Authors: Schieb-Bienfait Nathalie , Charles-Pauvers Brigitte , Urbain Caroline 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Cet article traite de la problématique des dynamiques entrepreneuriales contemporaines de l’économie sociale et solidaire, à partir d’une analyse des micro-projets innovants financés dans le cadre du programme de la mesure 10B, du FSE (Fonds Social Européen). Pour étudier des processus d’émergence et de développement de ces projets entrepreneuriaux, cette recherche a privilégié une lecture théorique de dépassement du dualisme acteur /système basée sur l’approche par les logiques d’action, Résultant d’une collaboration interdisciplinaire, ce travail nous permet d’apporter de nouveaux éclairages sur l’émergence entrepreneuriale et l‘innovation sociale contemporaine. Codes JEL : L26, 022, 031
Comment s'établit un standard technologique : la stratégie de Sony sur le marché des lecteurs et supports numériques haute définition
Authors: Pillot Julien 
Published: August 2009

Résumé Les avantages liés au fait d’imposer une technologie comme standard de marché sont bien référencés dans la littérature économique. Il en va de même des moyens et stratégies pour y parvenir. Cependant, dans le cadre de la bataille des standards sur le marché de la haute définition ayant opposé le format Blu-Ray Disc au format HD-DVD , les facteurs traditionnellement avancés pour expliquer l’issue d’une lutte industrielle suffisent-ils pour rendre compte de l’adoption du premier standard au détriment du second ? Nous verrons, à ce titre, qu’il convient de dépasser les arguments classiques et de considérer une stratégie de levier concurrentiel tirant parti de la PlayStation 3 de Sony comme un élément déterminant de la victoire finale du format Blu-Ray Disc . Après nous être interrogés sur l’opportunité et la licéité d’une telle stratégie, nous exposerons les potentiels risques de prédation que celle-ci fait peser sur l’économie du secteur concerné. L’accent sera principalement mis sur le caractère durable de la situation de monopole acquise par Sony sur le marché des lecteurs et supports numériques haute définition alors même que ses concurrents potentiels semblent relativement éloignés de sa frontière technologique. Codes JEL : L12, L15, L41, L82, O33.
Le wahhabisme, arme fatale du néo-orientalisme
Authors: Ménoret Pascal 
Published: August 2009

Résumé À la lecture de tout se qui s’écrit au sujet de l’Arabie Saoudite, ce nœud obscur du nouveau désordre international, on est amené à penser que la pensée magique a de beaux jours devant elle. Comment qualifier autrement la mobilisation de la théologie en lieu et place des sciences sociales et la manipulation de concepts religieux pour s’épargner le détour, long et pénible, par les sciences laïques que sont l’histoire, la géographie, la sociologie ou l’économie ? À l’encontre des lectures néo-orientalistes de l’Arabie Saoudite, cet article propose une approche contextualisée de l’Islam saoudien, le wahhabisme.