bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with breast cancer worry 3 years after completion of adjuvant treatment
Authors: Phillips Kristin M. , McGinty Heather L. , Gonzalez Brian D. , Jim Heather S. L. , Small Brent J. , Minton Susan , Andrykowski Michael A. , Jacobsen Paul B. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjectiveAlthough many survivors continue to worry about cancer years after completing treatment, little is known about factors associated with cancer worry. This study examined associations between breast cancer worry and demographic and clinical variables, as well as fatigue, symptom burden, and risk perception in a sample of breast cancer survivors 3 years post‐adjuvant treatment. We hypothesized that after controlling for demographic and treatment factors, a significant proportion of variance in cancer worry would be explained by greater fatigue severity, more symptom burden, and greater perceived risk of recurrence.MethodsStage 0‐II breast cancer patients (N = 202) completed measures of risk perception, cancer worry (modified Lerman's Cancer Worry Scale), symptom burden (Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale), and fatigue severity (Fatigue Symptom Inventory) 3 years after completing adjuvant treatment. Multiple regression analyses were used to determine the proportion of variance in cancer worry accounted for by fatigue, symptom burden, and risk perception after controlling for demographic and clinical variables.ResultsAge, fatigue, symptom burden, and risk perception each explained a significant proportion of variance in cancer worry (p < 0.05). Fatigue, symptom burden, and risk perception together accounted for 27% of the variance in cancer worry after controlling for demographic and clinical factors (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe hypothesis was supported that fatigue, symptom burden, and risk perception are associated with cancer worry among breast cancer survivors. It is possible that lingering fatigue and other symptoms may remind breast cancer survivors of their disease. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Soil contamination and persistence of pollutants following organophosphate sprays and explosions to control red‐billed quelea (Quelea quelea)
Authors: Cheke Robert A , Adranyi Enoch , Cox John R , Farman Dudley I , Magoma Richard N , Mbereki Collen , McWilliam Andrew N , Mtobesya Boaz N , van der Walt Etienne 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Red‐billed quelea (Quelea quelea) are controlled at breeding colonies and roosts by organophosphate sprays or explosions. Contamination with organophosphates after sprays and with petroleum products and phthalates after explosions was assessed.RESULTS: Concentrations in soil of the organophosphate fenthion the day after sprays were uneven (0–29.5 µg g−1), which was attributable to excess depositions at vehicle turning points, incorrect positioning of nozzles and poor equipment maintenance. A laboratory study using field‐collected samples provided an estimate of 47 days for the half‐life of fenthion. After sprays, fenthion persisted in soil for up to 188 days. High concentrations were detected 5 months after negative results at the same sites, providing indirect evidence of leaching. Concentrations of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) and phthalates ranged from 0.05 to 130.81 (mean 18.69) µg g−1and from 0 to 1.62 (mean 0.55) µg g−1respectively in the craters formed by the explosions, but declined to means of 0.753 and 0.027 µg g−1at 10 m away. One year after an explosion, mean TPHs of 0.865 and mean phthalates of 0.609 were detected.CONCLUSION: Localisation of high concentrations of fenthion likely to have effects on soil biota could be mitigated by improved spray management. Given a half‐life in the soil of 47 days for fenthion and the possibility of its leaching months after applications raises concerns about its acceptability. The pollutants left behind after explosions have been quantified for the first time, and, given their long‐term persistence, their continued use poses a threat to environmental health. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of disorder on the charge‐carrier dynamics in κ ‐(D8‐ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br
Authors: Brandenburg Jens , Müller Jens , Schlueter John A. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe have applied resistance fluctuation spectroscopy to study the intrinsic low‐frequency dynamics of the charge carriers in the system κ ‐(D8‐ET)2Cu[N(CN)2]Br for two different cooling rates. A strong increase of both the resistance and the noise level is observed below the thermodynamic glass‐transition temperature Tg. Surprisingly, the data of the normalized spectral weight 〈(δR)2〉/R2 fall on top of each other for both cooling rates except for temperatures near the Mott critical point (T0 ≃ 35 K) and below 28 K. The suppression of the peak in 〈(δR)2〉/R2 associated with the Mott transition suggests that disorder is an additional parameter in the generalized phase diagram. The enhanced noise level below 28 K might be explained by a disorder‐induced staggered magnetic moment in the metallic state close to the antiferromagnetic Mott insulator. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
(DT‐TTF)2[Pd(mnt)2]: An unusual ionic salt
Authors: Silva Rafaela A. L. , Afonso Mónica L. , Santos Isabel C. , Belo Dulce , Freitas Rui R. , Lopes Elsa B. , Coutinho Joana T. , Pereira Laura C. J. , Henriques Rui T. , Almeida Manuel , Rovira Concepció 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe charge transfer salt based on the organic donor dithiophene‐tetrathiafulvalene and palladium bis‐maleonitrile‐dithiolate, (DT‐TTF)2[Pd(mnt)2], was obtained as single crystal by electrocrystallisation in dichloromethane. The crystal structure is different from the analogues previously described with other metals (Au, Cu, Ni and Pt) but of the same type as (TTDM–TTF)2[Au(mnt)2]. However in this DT‐TTF salt the Pd complex is dianionic, being the donor molecules fully oxidised and the compound should then be formulated as (DT‐TTF+)2[Pd(mnt)2]2–. This compound has properties of a quasi‐one‐dimensional semiconductor with sRT∼ 6 × 10–2 Scm–1 and Ea∼0.172 eV (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrocrystallisation of (Per)2 [Pd(mnt)2]
Authors: Afonso Mónica L. , Silva Rafaela A. , Pereira Laura C. , Coutinho Joana T. , Freitas Rui R. , Lopes Elsa B. , Matos Manuel , Henriques Rui T. , Viana Ana , Almeida Manuel 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe conditions that allowed for the first time the growth of (Per)2[Pd(mnt)2] crystals by electrocrystallisation are described. The electrocrystallisation is limited by close proximity of the oxidation potentials of the perylene donor and [Pd(mnt)2]‐ anion. Depending on the experimental conditions different morphologies can be obtained. (Per)2[Pd(mnt)2] crystals were found to be mainly of the β‐polymorph with properties comparable to the Cu, Ni and Pt previously described. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quantum Hall effect in bilayer and trilayer graphene
Authors: Cobaleda C. , Rossella F. , Pezzini S. , Diez E. , Bellani V. , Maude D. K. , Blake P. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe have performed magneto‐transport experiments in bilayer and trilayer graphene, at temperatures between 2 and 190 K and magnetic fields up to 22 T. Here we study the observation of the quantum Hall effect in bilayer and trilayer graphene. We have observed the quantum Hall plateaus at ν = 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 in bilayer graphene and the quantum Hall plateaus ν = ±6 and studied their temperature dependence. We have also studied the symmetry properties which are related with different contact configurations and describe the method used to study inho‐mogeneous samples (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thermoelectric and thermal properties of novel τ ‐type organic conductors as thermoelectric materials
Authors: Yoshino Harukazu , Nakada Haruki , Krivickas Sara J. , Mori Hatsumi , Anyfantis George C. , Papavassiliou George C. , Murata Keizo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractElectrical resistivity φ and thermopower S were measured for novel τ ‐type organic conductors τ ‐(EDT‐S,S ‐DMEDT‐TTF)2(AuBr2)1+y and τ ‐(ETO‐R,R ‐DMEDT‐TTF)2(AuBr2)1+y to explore highly efficient organic thermoelectric materials. Electrical resistivity is nonmetallic below room temperature for both the materials in contrast to τ ‐(EDO‐S,S ‐DMEDT‐TTF)2(AuBr2)1+y that shows metallic resistivity and the highest dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit ZT = 0.042 in organic crystals so far. On the other hand, it was found that S of these materials are very similar to one another in temperature dependence as well as in magnitude. The sign of S is negative and |S | shows maximum of about 130 µV · K–1 at 125 and 150 K for the EDT‐S,S ‐DMEDT‐TTF and ETO‐R,R ‐DMEDT‐TTF salts, respectively. Thermal conductivity κ was also measured for the latter material. It was found that κ is about 1 W · K–1 · m–1 and weakly dependent on temperature. Combining these transport coefficients as ZT = S2T /φκ the maximum of ZT is obtained as 0.044 at 190 K for the ETO‐R,R ‐DMEDT‐TTF salt. This is the highest ZT in organic molecular conductors. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Challenge for STM observation of dopant activation process on Si(001): in‐situ ion irradiation and hydrogenation
Authors: Kamioka Takefumi , Isono Fumiya , Yoshida Takahiro , Ohdomari Iwao , Watanabe Takanobu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractWe propose a new strategy for in‐situ observation of dopant activation process using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) technology. Two factor techniques are established within our original STM system combined with liquid‐metal‐ion‐source ion‐gun (LMIS‐IG/STM): (1) in‐situ real‐time observation of Si(001)‐2×1 surface modified with dopant ions, and (2) in‐situ hydrogen passivation of Si(001)‐2×1 surface. Sequential STM images of the surface morphological changes are successfully obtained with keeping the original observation area. The hydrogenated Si(001)‐2×1 surface is stable enough even under the degraded vacuum conditions which are unavoidable in ion irradiation processes. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Interdisciplinarity in Sustainability Studies: A Review
Authors: Lam Jacqueline C. K. , Walker Richard M. , Hills Peter 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTThis article offers an exploratory and descriptive analysis of the characteristics of inter‐disciplinary sustainability studies (ISSs). The paper explores the academic and disciplinary nature of inter‐disciplinary inquiry and studies themes, imperatives and methodologies, together with institutional characteristics. Our analysis of 70 articles published between 2003 and 2008 suggests that the publication of ISSs is growing and that this effort is largely based upon attempts to integrate aspects of different disciplines. These studies mostly relate to resource management studies and typically adopt qualitative, case study or mixed methodologies. The articles reviewed have a practical orientation, with nearly two‐thirds of studies explicitly addressing policy‐making issues, and over half cover the orientations, mechanisms and institutions towards people's participation in decision‐making. The research effort is typically made in Europe and North America, and by scholars working in inter‐disciplinary teams. The implications of these findings for research in, and the practice of, sustainability studies are discussed in conclusion. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Incremental Growth of Short SWNT Arrays by Pulsed Chemical Vapor Deposition
Authors: Puretzky Alexander A. , Geohegan David B. , Jackson Jeremy J. , Pannala Sreekanth , Eres Gyula , Rouleau Christopher M. , More Karren L. , Thonnard Norbert , Readle Jason D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractVery short arrays of continuous single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are grown incrementally in steps as small as 25 nm using pulsed chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In‐situ optical extinction measurements indicate that over 98% of the nanotubes reinitiate growth on successive gas pulses, and high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM) images show that the SWNTs do not exhibit segments, caps, or noticeable sidewall defects resulting from repeatedly stopping and restarting growth. Time‐resolved laser reflectivity (3‐ms temporal resolution) is used to record the nucleation and growth kinetics for each fast (0.2 s) gas pulse and to measure the height increase of the array in situ, providing a method to incrementally grow short nanotube arrays to precise heights. Derivatives of the optical reflectivity signal reveal distinct temporal signatures for both nucleation and growth kinetics, with their amplitude ratio on the first gas pulse serving as a good predictor for the evolution of the growth of the nanotube ensemble into a coordinated array. Incremental growth by pulsed CVD is interpreted in the context of autocatalytic kinetic models as a special processing window in which a sufficiently high flux of feedstock gas drives the nucleation and rapid growth phases of a catalyst nanoparticle ensemble to occur within the temporal period of the gas pulse, but without inducing growth termination.
Selective Oxidation of TWIP Steel During Continuous Annealing
Authors: Cho Lawrence , De Cooman Bruno C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe selective oxidation of Al‐free and Al‐added TWIP steel after full austenitic annealing at 800°C in a N2 + 10%H2 gas atmosphere with a dew point of −17°C was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy. A thick MnO layer was formed at the surface of Al‐free TWIP steel after the recrystallization annealing. Small crystalline c‐xMnO · SiO2 (x > 2) particles and amorphous a‐xMnO · SiO2 (x < 0.9) particles were found at the MnO/steel interface. In the subsurface, the Mn depletion resulted in the formation of a narrow ferrite layer. The annealing of the Al‐added TWIP steel also resulted in the formation of a thick MnO surface layer. At the MnO/steel interface, Kirkendall voids were formed between the amorphous a‐xMnO · SiO2 (x < 0.9) oxide and crystalline c‐xMnO · Al2O3 oxide in the case of Al‐added TWIP steel. In the subsurface, a thin layer was depleted of Mn and the original austenite had transformed into ferrite. Internal oxidation of Al to Al2O3 and the formation of crystalline c‐xMnO · Al2O3 (x > 1) compound oxide particles were found to occur at the grain boundaries of the Mn‐depleted ferritic zone. The present contribution highlights the implications of the selective oxidation of TWIP steels for their processing in continuous annealing and continuous hot dip galvanizing lines.
Model‐based cluster analysis
Authors: Stahl Daniel , Sallis Hannah 
Published: March 2012

AbstractCluster analysis seeks to identify homogeneous subgroups of cases in a population. This article provides an introduction to model‐based clustering using finite mixture models and extensions. Finite mixtures have been successfully used for more than a hundred years for clustering and classification, but have become increasingly popular in the last decade due to recent advances in computer technology and software availability. Unlike traditional methods of cluster analysis, which are based on heuristic or distance‐based procedures, finite mixture modeling provides a formal statistical framework on which to base the clustering procedure. Finite mixture models assume that the population is made up of several distinct subsets (or clusters), each following a different multivariate probability density distribution. Model‐based cluster analysis can deal with a mix of nominal, ordinal, count, or continuous variables, any of which may contain missing values. We will demonstrate how the problems of determining the number of clusters and choosing an appropriate clustering method reduce to a model selection problem, for which objective procedures exist. We briefly discuss how model‐based cluster analysis can be used to analyze complex and structured (e.g., longitudinal) datasets.WIREs Comput Stat2012 doi: 10.1002/wics.1204This article is categorized under:Statistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Clustering and ClassificationStatistical Learning and Exploratory Methods of the Data Sciences > Modeling Methods
Visualization of inflammation using 19F‐magnetic resonance imaging and perfluorocarbons
Authors: Stoll Guido , Basse‐Lüsebrink Thomas , Weise Gesa , Jakob Peter 
Published: March 2012

AbstractInflammation plays a central pathophysiological role in a large number of diseases. While conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can depict gross tissue alterations due to proton changes, specific visualization of inflammation is an unmet task in clinical medicine. 19F/1H MRI is a novel technology that allows tracking of stem and immune cells in experimental disease models after labelling with perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsions. 19F markers such as PFC compounds provide a unique signal in vivo due to the negligible 19F background signal of the body. Concomitant acquisition of 1H images places the labelled cells into their anatomical context. This novel imaging technique has been applied to monitor immune cell responses in myocardial infarction, pneumonia, bacterial abscess formation, peripheral nerve injury, and rejection of donor organs after transplantation. Upon systemic application PFC nanoparticles are preferentially phagozytosed by circulating monocytes/macrophages and, thus, the fluorine signal in inflamed organs mainly reflects macrophage infiltration. Moreover, attenuation of the inflammatory response after immunosuppressive or antibiotic treatments could be depicted based on 19F/1H‐MRI. Compared to other organ systems 19F‐MRI of neuroinflammation is still challenging, mainly because of lack in sensitivity. In focal cerebral ischemia early application of PFCs revealed ongoing thrombotic vessel occlusion rather than cell migration indicating that timing of contrast agent application is critical. Current restrictions of 19F/1H‐MRI in sensitivity may be overcome by improved imaging hardware, imaging sequences and reconstruction techniques, as well as improved label development and cell labelling procedures in the future. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:438–447. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1168This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Verification of Early Removal of the Chest Tube after Absorbable Mesh‐based Pneumostasis Subsequent to Video‐assisted Major Lung Resection for Cancer
Authors: Ueda Kazuhiro , Tanaka Toshiki , Hayashi Masataro , Li Tao‐Sheng , Hamano Kimikazu 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported that the combined use of absorbable mesh and fibrin glue is superior to the use of fibrin glue alone to stop intraoperative air leaks. However, concern remains about whether mesh‐based pneumostasis can induce the recurrence of air leaks after chest tube removal.MethodsWe reviewed our prospective database of selected patients (n = 206) who underwent video‐assisted major lung resection for cancer. Exclusion criteria included simultaneous combined resection, induction radiotherapy, entire intrathoracic adhesion, or a history of prior ipsilateral thoracotomy. We sealed any intraoperative air leaks with absorbable mesh and fibrin glue and then carried out prophylactic chest‐tube drainage for 1 day.ResultsIntraoperative air leaks were detected in 133 (65%) patients. Overall, air leaks were not detected postoperatively in 186 (91%) patients, allowing chest tube removal on the day after the operation. The mean length of time for chest tube drainage was 1.2 days. A prolonged air leak (>7 days) was observed in one (0.5%) patient, and this leak resolved by itself. After chest tube removal, an air leak recurred in six (2.9%) patients during the 30 day follow‐up period, necessitating chest tube reinsertion. Although the recurrence was observed more frequently after segmentectomy than after lobectomy (p = 0.04), the recurrence was not observed more frequently in patients who had an intraoperative air leak than in patients who did not (p = 0.3).ConclusionEarly removal of the chest tube after pneumostasis with absorbable mesh is verified in selected patients who underwent video‐assisted major lung resection for cancer. However, further attempts should be made to prevent air leaks after anatomical segmentectomy.
Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Irrigation Use and Evolution of Hydrochemical Facies in the Markanda River Basin, Northwestern India
Authors: Kshetrimayum K. S. , Bajpai V. N. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Markanda river basin occupying an area of about 1547 km2 is a part of the alluvial deposits of the Indo-Gangetic plain near the Himalayan foothills in the northwest India. The region is associated with active agricultural activities and makes significant contribution to the country’s agricultural products. Assessment of groundwater quality for irrigation use and hydrochemical evolution of groundwater has been studied. Hydrochemical analysis has been carried out based on concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42-, CO32- and HCO3−. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), percent sodium (%Na), permeability index (PI) and Trilinear diagram have been studied to evaluate suitability of irrigation use. Hydrochemical evolution has been analyzed based on the Chebotarev sequence and expanded Durov diagram. SAR, %Na and PI results indicate that the groundwater in the basin is suitable for irrigation use. Analysis on Trilinear diagram reveals that hydrochemical facies are dominated by HCO3−- Ca2+- Mg2+ facies indicating that the groundwater is associated with recharge waters percolating through sandstone and limestone rocks which are exposed in the northern part of the basin. Studies based on Chebotarev anion sequence and expanded Durov diagram indicate that the evolution of groundwater belongs to initial to intermediate stage indicating fresh water quality. Thus, the present work reveals that groundwater in the Markanda basin is of good quality and is suitable for all uses including interbasin water transfer in the region.
Tectonic Morphometric Studies as a Tool for Terrain Characterization in the Himalayan Foothill Region – A Case Study
Authors: Chaudhri A. R. 
Published: March 2012

Abstract
The Himalayan foothill region is traversed by the Main Boundary Thrust, the Himalayan Frontal Thrust and the Piedmont Fault which make the entire densely populated foothill region vulnerable to seismic damages. Tectonic morphometric studies of selected active tectonic indices in conjunction with analysis of multispectral satellite imagery of the foothill terrain from North of Chandigarh to West of Dehradun have revealed the presence of two major active faults. The Jainti Devi Fault, in the vicinity of Chandigarh, has offset nearly all the drainage channels by about 780 m while the Trilokpur Fault, in the vicinity of Nahan, has offset the streams and rivulets by about 1500 m. The values of ratio of valley floor width to valley height, the stream length gradient index, stream sinuosity index and mountain front sinuosity index have been computed and these reaffirm the active tectonic setup of the foothill terrain. The digital terrain model and field investigations reveal the presence of offset streams, sag ponds, linear valleys, shutter ridges and pressure ridges along the fault trace. Trenching carried out in the region has revealed the presence of numerous seismites.