bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of new photocurable oligoisoprenes and kinetic studies of their radical photopolymerization
Authors: Jellali Rachid , Campistron Irène , Laguerre Albert , Pasetto Pamela , Lecamp Laurence , Bunel Claude , Mouget Jean‐Luc , Pilard Jean‐François 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNew photosensitive oligoisoprenes were synthesized by controlled degradation of high molecular weight cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene and successive chemical modification of the chain‐ends. Oligomers with diacrylate extremities were synthesized, characterized, and used in photocrosslinking reactions in different conditions. The photoinitiated polymerization of the diacrylate oligoisoprenes was carried out using 2,2‐dimethyl‐2‐hydroxyacetophenone (Darocur 1173) as initiator and the reaction was monitored by photocalorimetry‐DSC and real time FTIR spectroscopy. The influence of oxygen, photoinitiator concentration, light intensity, diluting agent, and oligomers molecular weight on the reaction rate was investigated. It was found that the presence of oxygen does not influence the photopolymerization kinetics of the diacrylate oligoisoprenes. Maximum conversion was obtained for a photoinitiator concentration of 5% (w/w) and for a light intensity of 13.5 mW/cm2. Decreasing the formulation viscosity by addition of a diluent (1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate) raised the photopolymerization rate, by increasing the reactive species mobility. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Versatility of a succinimidyl‐ester functional alkoxyamine for controlling acrylonitrile copolymerizations
Authors: Maric Milan , Consolante Valerie 
Published: May 2012

AbstractStyrene/acrylonitrile (S/AN) and tert‐butyl methacrylate/acrylonitrile (tBMA/AN) copolymers were synthesized in a controlled manner (low polydispersity
$ {{\overline M _w } / {\overline M _n }} $
with linear growth of number average molecular weight
$ \overline M _n $
vs. conversion X) by nitroxide mediated polymerization (NMP) with a succinimidyl ester (NHS) terminated form of BlocBuilder unimolecular initiator (NHS‐BlocBuilder) in dioxane solution. No additional free nitroxide (SG1) was required to control the tBMA‐rich copolymerizations with NHS‐BlocBuilder, a feature previously required for methacrylate polymerizations with BlocBuilder initiators. Copolymers from S/AN mixtures (AN molar initial fractions fAN,0 = 0.13–0.86, T = 115°C) had
$ {{\overline M _w } / {\overline M _n }} $
= 1.14–1.26 and linear
$ \overline M _n $
versus conversion X up to X ≈ 0.6. tBMA/AN copolymers (fAN,0 = 0.10–0.81, T = 90°C) possessed slightly broader molecular weight distributions (
$ {{\overline M _w } / {\overline M _n }} $
= 1.23–1.50), particularly as the initial composition became richer in tBMA, but still exhibited linear plots of
$ \overline M _n $
versus conversion X up to X ≈ 0.6. A S/AN/tBMA terpolymerization (fAN,0 = 0.50, fS,0 = 0.40) was also conducted at 90°C and revealed excellent control with
$ \overline M _n $
= 13.6 kg/mol,
$ {{\overline M _w } / {\overline M _n }} $
= 1.19, and linear
$ \overline M _n $
versus conversion X up to X = 0.54. Incorporation of AN and tBMA in the final copolymer (molar composition FAN = 0.47, FtBMA = 0.11) was similar to the initial composition and represents initial designs to make tailored, acid functional AN copolymers by NMP for barrier materials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Stabilizing Control of an Underactuated 2‐dimensional TORA with Only Rotor Angle Measurement
Authors: Gao Bingtuan , Xu Jing , Zhao Jianguo , Huang Xueliang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractOne dimensional translational oscillation with a rotational actuator (TORA) system has been used as a benchmark for motivating the study of nonlinear control techniques. In this paper, a novel underactuated 2‐dimensional TORA (2DTORA), which has one actuated rotor and two unactuated translational carts, is presented. The analysis of controllability around the system's equilibriums yielded the controllable equilibriums and the constraint on physical parameters. To stabilize the system to its controllable equilibriums from any initial conditions, we propose a simple linear controller containing the rotor angle and angular velocity. The controller was derived from a proper Lyapunov function, including the system's total energy, that was used to show the passivity property of the system. In addition, a high pass filter was adopted to approximately differentiate the rotor angle so that an estimated angular velocity was used in the controller rather than measuring the actual rotor angular velocity. As a result, only the angle measurement is required for the designed feedback controller to stabilize the underactuated system. Finally, simulation results verify our control design and analysis.
The causes of the nasolabial crease: A histomorphological study
Authors: Beer Gertrude M. , Manestar Mirjana , Mihic‐Probst Daniela 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThere are two main conflicting theories on how the nasolabial crease is formed: a muscular theory and a fascial theory. The muscular theory states that the nasolabial crease is mainly formed by the musculodermal insertions of the lip elevator muscles. The fascial theory claims that the nasolabial crease is mainly formed by dense fibrous tissue and by the firm fascial attachments to the fascia of the lip elevator muscles. If the muscular theory was true, the musculodermal insertions of the facial muscles could be interrupted directly by intradermal injections of low doses of botulinum toxin. Eight cadavers who presented with bilateral nasolabial creases were enrolled in the study. The nasolabial creases were harvested from 14 facial halves in their entire lengths and breadths with 5‐mm medial and lateral rims. The horizontally cut samples were stained with hematoxylin‐eosin (H&E) and Elastica van Gieson (EVG). Immunohistochemistry for the smooth muscle marker actin and the skeletal muscle marker desmin was also performed. In each of the nasolabial creases, numerous skeletal muscle fibers were found in the dermis, which confirmed the muscular theory of the cause of the nasolabial crease. In addition, muscle fibers were present in the dermis 4 mm medial and 4 mm lateral to the nasolabial crease, but the amounts were significantly less than the amount located directly in the crease. Botulinum toxin injected intradermally into the nasolabial crease might constitute a new treatment option to minimize or even eradicate the crease and the fold. Clin. Anat. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Syntheses and Highly Enantioselective Fluorescent Recognition of α‐Aminocarboxylic Acid Anions Using Chiral Oxacalix[2]arene[2]bisbinaphthes
Authors: Xu Kuoxi , Jiao Shuyan , Yao Wenyong , Xie En , Tang Baowei , Wang Chaojie 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe triazine‐based bisbinaphthyl crown ethers oxacalix[2]arene[2]bisbinaphthes R-1, R-2, R-3 and S-1, S-2, S-3 were synthesized. The interactions of these compounds with various α‐aminocarboxylic acid anions were studied. The crown ethers were found to carry out highly enantioselective fluorescent recognition of α‐aminocarboxylic acid anions. It is observed that within a certain concentration range, one enantiomer of the chiral α‐aminocarboxylic acid anions can increase the fluorescence intensity of the crown ethers by fivefold to sixfold, whereas the other enantiomer scarcely enhances the fluorescence. Such unusually high enantioselective responses make these crown ethers very attractive as fluorescent sensors in determining the enantiomeric composition of α‐aminocarboxylic acid anions. Chirality 24:646–651, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A direct suppression of green band emission of ZnO particles by adjusting the volume fraction of ethanol in reaction solutions
Authors: Yuan Run , Guo Jin , Zhang Shangzhou , Ma Zixia , Zhang Jun , Dai Zhenhong , Sun Yuanping 
Published: May 2012

AbstractZnO particles were successfully prepared by one step CTAB‐assisted hydrothermal method with different volume fraction of ethanol‐water mixture solution. The formed thorn‐ball like ZnO particles have an average size of 1 ∼ 2 μm in diameter. XRD result shows a hexagonal wurtzite structure and higher crystallinity. Room‐temperature photoluminescence shows a strong and dominated peak at ∼383 nm with a green emission at ∼510 nm. The intensity ratio between the UV and green emission increased from 1.31 to 7.53 when the volume fraction of ethanol was changed from 0% to 50%, which shows a direct suppression of structural defects just by adjusting the ethanol fraction in reaction solutions. The possible growth and luminescence mechanisms for thorn‐ball like ZnO particles are discussed.
Crystal habit prediction ‐ Including the liquid as well as the solid side
Authors: Schmidt C. , Ulrich J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCommercially available methods of morphology prediction utilize molecular dynamics to estimate the crystal growth rates but predominantly consider the solid side. For the extension of these methods to a multi‐component solid‐liquid system the diffusion coefficient is required. Since, the diffusion coefficient enables the calculation of crystal growth rates and the morphology in presence of additives and solvents. Modeling the diffusion coefficient is achieved by conducting MD on a system consisting of the crystal surface and the liquid phase. The achieved results match very well with the calculated diffusion coefficient (Wilke‐Chang). In this case study benzoic acid is used as model substance with water as solvent.
Initial growth of Bi4 LaTi3 FeO15 thin films on SrTiO3, MgO and YSZ substrates
Authors: Wu Fei‐Xiang , Ji Wei‐Jing , Zhou Jian , Chen Y. B. , Yao Shu‐Hua , Zhang Shan‐Tao , Chen Yan‐Feng 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe initial growth modes of Bi4LaTi3FeO15 thin films on (001) SrTiO3, (001) MgO and (001) Y:ZrO2 (YSZ) substrates are studied. Detailed crystal structure, microstructure and surface morphology characterizations substantiate that Bi4LaTi3FeO15 films grow on these substrates via three‐dimensional grain growth mode. The synthesized Bi4LaTi3FeO15 films on (001) MgO and (001) SrTiO3 substrates do have c‐axis epitaxial Aurivillius layered structure, and have relative smooth surface roughness. While films grown on (001) YSZ show the polycrystalline quality with large surface roughness. The different crystal quality of films grown on MgO/SrTiO3 and YSZ substrates is explained qualitatively by considering the different atomic surface structures of these substrates.
Aerial reconnaissance by Web photogrammetry in emergency management
Authors: Honma Ryohei , Doihara Takeshi , Nonaka Hideki 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMeasurement techniques by aerial images are effective for the acquisition of spatial information. Aerial images are used for quick disaster recovery and prevention of secondary disasters in the time of a nature disaster. Although automatic change detection is suitable for overviewing wide areas broadly, an actual damage survey eventually needs human interpretation of images. Web photogrammetry has been developed as a stereo view and measurement environment on a Web browser. This system can be used anywhere with no special knowledge or training in photogrammetry. This paper describes rapid mapping of disaster information by web photogrammetry. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(6): 52–57, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10427
Dynamical recollection of interconnected neural networks using meta‐heuristics
Authors: Kuremoto Takashi , Watanabe Shun , Kobayashi Kunikazu , Feng Liang‐Bing , Obayashi Masanao 
Published: May 2012

AbstractInterconnected recurrent neural networks are well‐known, with their abilities of associative memory of characteristic patterns. For example, the traditional Hopfield network (HN) can recall stored patterns stably, and Aihara's chaotic neural network (CNN) is able to realize dynamical recollection of a sequence of patterns. In this paper, we propose to use meta‐heuristic (MH) methods such as particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the genetic algorithm (GA) to improve traditional associative memory systems. Using PSO or GA, for CNN, the optimal parameters are found to accelerate the recollection process and raise the rate of successful recollection, and for HN, the optimized bias current is calculated to improve the network with dynamical association of a series of patterns. Simulations of binary pattern association showed the effectiveness of the proposed methods. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 95(6): 12–23, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.11372
A Comparative Study of Tricarbonylmanganese Photoactivatable CO Releasing Molecules (PhotoCORMs) by Using the Myoglobin Assay and Time‐Resolved IR Spectroscopy
Authors: Huber Wilhelm , Linder Rolf , Niesel Johanna , Schatzschneider Ulrich , Spingler Bernhard , Kunz Peter C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTricarbonylmanganese(I) complexes of the ligands tris(imidazol‐4‐yl)phosphane (4‐tipH), tris(1,4‐diisopropylimidazol‐2‐yl)phosphane (2‐tipiPr2), tris(pyridin‐2‐yl)phosphane (tpp) and tris(N‐methylimidazol‐2‐yl)carbinol (2‐ticNMe) were prepared. These act as N,N,N tripodal chelators. The solid‐state structure of [Mn(CO)3(tpp)]OTf was determined by X‐ray diffraction. The potential of these complexes to act as photoactivatable CO‐releasing molecules (PhotoCORMs) was studied with the UV/Vis spectroscopy‐based myoglobin assay as well as by time‐resolved IR spectroscopy. Within the series of compounds prepared, the steric bulk of the imidazolyl groups seems to significantly influence the CO‐release kinetics and stoichiometry when using the myoglobin assay. In contrast, the time‐resolved IR data suggest release of all carbonyl ligands upon irradiation. This effect points to a much closer association of myoglobin and PhotoCORMs than previously thought and will require further investigation.
Luminescence of ortho‐Metalated Iridium Complexes Encapsulated in Zeolite Supercages by the Ship‐in‐a‐Bottle Method
Authors: Xu Chen , Mochizuki Dai , Hashimoto Yuta , Honda Takehisa , Tsukahara Yasunori , Yamauchi Tomohisa , Wada Yuji 
Published: May 2012

Abstractortho‐Metalated iridium(III) complexes were synthesized in the supercages of faujasite‐type zeolites by a microwave‐assisted ship‐in‐a‐bottle procedure. IrIII was inserted by means of ion exchange followed by the addition of 2‐(2,4‐difluorophenyl)pyridine (dfppyH) or 2‐phenylpyridine (ppyH), demonstrating the first example of iridium–carbon sigma bond formation in zeolite cages. These zeolite powder samples containing IrIII complexes showed relatively high luminescence quantum yields [14.34 % for Ir(dfppy)3 and 4.76 % for Ir(ppy)3]. 2‐Phenylquinoline (phqH) afforded the corresponding ortho‐metalated complex that formed on the outer surface of the zeolite particles, because its large size prevented it from entering the supercages. The color of the emission from the zeolite powder samples could be tuned in a range from blue to green by the successive reaction of IrIII ions in the zeolite with the two ligands dfppyH and ppyH, leading to the formation of two individual types of complexes, Ir(dfppy)3 and Ir(ppy)3, in the supercages of the zeolite, which was confirmed by the characteristic emission spectrum of each complex.
Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterisation of a Heterodinuclear Iron(III)‐Copper(II) Complex Based on an Asymmetric Dinucleating Ligand System
Authors: Heims Florian , Mereacre Valeriu , Ciancetta Antonella , Mebs Stefan , Powell Annie K. , Greco Claudio , Ray Kallol 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe site‐directed generation of a heterodinuclear FeIIICuII complex by using a new asymmetric dinucleating ligand FloH is reported. The iron(III) ion is introduced first on the preferential metal‐binding site of the ligand that leads to the formation of the thermodynamically favored five‐membered chelate rings upon metal‐binding. Copper(II) is introduced in the next step. The stepwise metalation strategy reported here may be extended to the preparation of other heterometallic complexes with the view of avoiding a statistical distribution. Such complexes can offer novel spectroscopic properties, electronic structures, and reactivities in comparison to their homometallic analogues.
Enantioselective Asymmetric Michael Addition of Cyclic Diketones to β,γ‐Unsaturated α‐Keto Esters
Authors: Wang Yi‐Feng , Wang Ke , Zhang Wei , Zhang Bin‐Bin , Zhang Chi‐Xiao , Xu Dan‐Qian 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAn efficient, organocatalytic enantioselective addition of cyclic diketones with β,γ‐unsaturated α‐keto esters has been developed that affords products in high yields (up to 95 %) and excellent enantioselectivity (up to >99 % ee) under mild conditions with a low catalyst loading (2.5 mol‐%). The unsaturated α‐keto esters are effectively coordinated and activated through hydrogen bonds with the squaramides and proved to be excellent hydrogen‐bond acceptors in this asymmetric organocatalytic reaction. This reaction provides valuable and easy access to chiral Michael adducts, which are important moieties in the skeletons of biological and pharmaceutical molecules.
Base‐Promoted Heterocyclization of Fluorinated Alkynylphosphonates with Select ortho‐Aminobenzonitriles
Authors: Duda Blazej , Tverdomed Sergey N. , Ionin Boris I. , Röschenthaler Gerd‐Volker 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe heterocyclization reactions of CF2‐containing alkynylphosphonates with 2‐aminobenzonitriles to give 2,3‐difunctionalized 4‐aminoquinolines were investigated. The influence of the R1 and R2 substituents and CF2X groups on the synthetic efficiency and specificity is also disclosed.
On the formation of carbonate adducts of fatty alcohols, sterols, and sugars in biological conditions
Authors: do Lago Claudimir L. , Vidal Denis T. R. , Rossi Marcelo R. , Hotta Guilherme M. , da Costa Eric T. 
Published: May 2012

The formation and properties of carbonate adducts of some organic hydroxy compounds in aqueous medium were investigated. Fatty alcohols and sugars were chosen as representative classes of biological interest, and the medium was carbonated aqueous solution with pH ranging from 3.0 to 8.3. Capillary electrophoresis with two capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detectors (C4Ds) was used for quantitation and to obtain the mobility of the monoalkyl carbonates (MACs), which were used to determine the equilibrium and kinetic constants of the reaction as well as the diffusion coefficients. For increasing chain length of the alcohols, the equilibrium constant tends to the unit, which suggests that fatty alcohols can form the corresponding MACs. The formation of MACs for cyclohexanol and cyclopentanol also suggest the existence of similar species for sterols. Carbonate adducts of fructose, glucose, and sucrose were also detected, which suggests that these counterparts of the well‐known phosphates can also occur in the cytosol. Our calculations suggest that one in 1000 to one in 10 000 molecules of these hydroxy compounds would be available as the corresponding MAC in such a medium. Experiments carried out at pH values less than 3.0 showed that there is a catalytic effect of hydronium on the interconversion of bicarbonate and a MAC. Taking into account the great number of hydroxy compounds similar to the ones investigated and that bicarbonate is ubiquitous in living cells, one can anticipate the existence of a whole new class of carbonate adducts of these metabolites.
Controllable‐Nitrogen Doped Carbon Layer Surrounding Carbon Nanotubes as Novel Carbon Support for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Kuo P.‐L. , Hsu C.‐H. , Wu H.‐M. , Hsu W.‐S. , Kuo D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNovel nitrogen‐doped carbon layer surrounding carbon nanotubes composite (NC‐CNT) (N/C ratio 3.3–14.3 wt.%) as catalyst support has been prepared using aniline as a dispersant to carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and as a source for both carbon and nitrogen coated on the surface of the CNTs, where the amount of doped nitrogen is controllable. The NC‐CNT so obtained were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption and desorption isotherms. A uniform dispersion of Pt nanoparticles (ca. 1.5–2.0 nm) was then anchored on the surface of NC‐CNT by using aromatic amine as a stabilizer. For these Pt/NC‐CNTs, cyclic voltammogram measurements show a high electrochemical activity surface area (up to 103.7 m2 g–1) compared to the commercial E‐TEK catalyst (55.3 m2 g–1). In single cell test, Pt/NC‐CNT catalyst has greatly enhanced catalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction, resulting in an enhancement of ca. 37% in mass activity compared with that of E‐TEK.
A H2SO4 Loaded Polybenzimidazole (PBI) Membrane for High Temperature PEMFC
Authors: Wu X. , Scott K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSulfuric acid loaded polybenzimidazole (PBI) membranes were prepared with loading levels up to 10.58 (acid molecule per repeat unit of PBI) and characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Ionic conductivity of the PBI–H2SO4 membrane was found greater than that of the PBI–H3PO4 membrane. Through plane conductivity of a PBI–H2SO4 membrane with loading level 9.65 was >0.2 S cm–1 at 150 °C. However, the conductivity of PBI–H2SO4 membrane increased greatly with increasing relative humidity. Membrane electrode assemblies using PBI–H2SO4 membrane exhibited better power density performances with pre‐humidified H2 and air than that with none‐humidified gases. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells with PBI–H2SO4 membrane in a single cell fixture demonstrated a peak power density >0.35 W cm–2 with H2 and air.
Microstructural Change of Ni–GDC Cermet Anode in the Electrolyte‐supported Disk‐type SOFC upon Daily Start‐up and Shout‐down Operations
Authors: Eguchi K. , Kamiuchi N. , Kim J.‐Y. , Muroyama H. , Matsui T. , Kishimoto M. , Saito M. , Iwai H. , Yoshida H. , Shikazono N. , Kasagi N. , Akikusa J. , Eto H. , Ueno D. , Kawano M. , Inagaki T. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe daily start‐up and shut‐down operations were carried out for the 1 kW‐class solid oxide fuel cell stack composed of 46 electrolyte‐supported disk‐type planar cells made by Mitsubishi Materials Corporation and Kansai Electric Power Company. The representative Ni–gadolinia doped ceria cermet anodes in the deteriorated cells were analyzed by the dual‐beam focused ion beam‐scanning electron microscope. The anode microstructures were reconstructed and the microstructural parameters such as triple phase boundary (TPB) length were quantified. The surface area of nickel phase decreased with an increase in the deterioration rate, leading to a reduction in the TPB length. Furthermore, the TPB length had a strong correlation with the voltage deterioration rate.