bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Sandwich Algorithms for Approximating Higher-Dimensional Convex Pareto Sets
Authors: Rennen Gijs , van Dam Edwin R. , Hertog Dick den 
Published: December 2010

In many fields, we come across problems where we want to optimize several conflicting objectives simultaneously. To find a good solution for such multiobjective optimization problems, an approximation of the Pareto set is often generated. In this paper, we consider the approximation of higher-dimensional convex Pareto sets using sandwich algorithms. We extend higher-dimensional sandwich algorithms in three different ways. First, we introduce the new concept of adding dummy points to the inner approximation of a Pareto set. By using these dummy points, we can determine accurate inner and outer approximations more efficiently, i.e., using less time-consuming optimizations. Second, we introduce a new method for the calculation of an error measure that is easy to interpret. Third, we show how transforming certain objective functions can improve the results of sandwich algorithms and extend their applicability to certain nonconvex problems. To show the effect of these enhancements, we make a numerical comparison using four test cases, including a four-dimensional case from the field of intensity-modulated radiation therapy. The results of the different cases show that we can achieve an accurate approximation using significantly fewer optimizations by using the enhancements.
Computational Methods Are Significant Determinants of the Associations and Definitions of Insulin Resistance Using the Homeostasis Model Assessment in Women of Reproductive Age
Authors: Safar Fatma H , Mojiminiyi Olusegun A , Al-Rumaih Hazem M , Diejomaoh Michael F 
Published: December 2010

BACKGROUND
Insulin resistance (IR) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but identification of insulin-resistant individuals is difficult. The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA), a surrogate marker of IR, is available in 2 computational models: HOMA1-IR (formula) and HOMA2-IR (computer program), which differ in incorporated physiological assumptions. This study evaluates the associations of the 2 models as markers of IR, the metabolic syndrome (MS), and PCOS.

METHODS
Anthropometric, hormonal, and biochemical parameters were measured in 92 PCOS women and 110 controls. HOMA1 and HOMA2 were used to assess IR. Regression analyses were used to find the associations of the 2 models with different variables, MS, and PCOS.

RESULTS
The cutoff levels for definition of IR were HOMA1-IR ≥2.9 and HOMA2-IR ≥1.7. Mean HOMA1-IR (2.79) and HOMA2-IR (1.42) differed substantially. The difference (HOMA1-IR − HOMA2-IR) was significantly correlated with insulin, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, waist circumference, leptin, and adiponectin (all P &lt; 0.05). HOMA1-IR and HOMA2-IR were significantly associated with MS (odds ratio 5.7 and 4.2, respectively) and PCOS (odds ratio 3.7 and 3.5, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
HOMA computational methods significantly affect the associations and cutoff values used for definition of IR. The correlations of the difference in the computational methods corroborate differences in captured physiological mechanisms. As precise identification of IR in PCOS patients is of practical importance, practitioners and researchers should be aware of these differences in the HOMA computational methods.
The Shaft Tomb of Menekhibnekau at Abusir  Season of 2008
Authors: Bareš Ladislav , Janák Jiří , Landgráfová Renata , Smoláriková Květa 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
During the autumn season of 2008, the epigraphic work and photographic documentation of the relief decoration in the burial chamber of Menekhibnekau (uncovered in April 2007) continued, together with the cleaning and conservation of its side walls. In cleaning the surface layers of sand on the eastern and southern sides of the main shaft, a number of items have been found, among them numerous fragments of a large basalt statue of a walking cow (representing the goddess Hathor), originally protecting a small figure (of Menekhibnekau?) standing in front of her. At the same time, examination of the embalmer’s cache adjoining the main shaft of Menekhibnekau continued. In addition to numerous large pottery storage jars and other pottery pieces, some of them inscribed with short texts written in hieratic, fragments of embalming instruments were also obtained. In a summarizing table, hieratic inscriptions discovered so far on the vessels in the tomb of Menekhibnekau at Abusir are listed.
Die Nordwand der Grabkammer in der Pyramide Tetis (T/F/N). Anmerkungen und Korrekturvorschläge zur Rekonstruktion der Pyramidentexte Tetis
Authors: Gundacker Roman 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Already K. Sethe supposed that the north wall of Teti’s burial chamber (T/F/N) once was covered with offering spells, whose continuation is still preserved on the adjoining east wall. But it took nearly 100 years until a first provisional reconstruction was undertaken by E. Bène, which led to an overall conclusive and rewarding outcome. Nevertheless, some minor questions yet remain unanswered, which concern details of text sequences and the exact position of several fragments showing remnants of spells in columns and lines of nearly totally destructed parts of the wall T/F/N. In this article, some of these questions are treated on the one hand by including the text sequences of Teti’s corpus into the evolutionary line of Old Kingdom Pyramid Texts, on the other hand by reconsidering and correcting some details in the current proposal of reconstruction.
Weak Hands and Soft Mouths. Elements of a Scribal Identity in the New Kingdom
Authors: Ragazzoli Chloé 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
In the New Kingdom scribes can be understood and described as a social world and a cultural milieu. Contemporary sources testify to a specific scribal literature written by scribes, about scribes and for scribes, with the Late Egyptian Miscellanies included. They let us glimpse the ideology of a subelite who redefine in their own terms emblems such as the hand, the fingers, the mouth, which are the organs for reading and writing, and the specific means for scribes to act on and in the world.
The Lunar Eclipse of Takelot II and the Chronology of the Libyan Period
Authors: Thijs Ad 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
In this article the author presents an ultra short chronology for the Libyan Period. After having established tentative dates for the kings from Take-lot II to Shoshenk V, solely on the basis of historical material (e.g. Apis burials and non Egyptian sources), the resulting model is tested using astronomical evidence, which ultimately leads to the discovery of the infamous “missing eclipse” of year 15 of Take-lot II, an awkward problem that has haunted Egyptology for years. Both methods, historical and astronomical, independently point towards the lunar eclipse of 15 February 756 BC. The model is then expanded to include the first half of the 22nd Dynasty as well. This generates a new series of lunar dates and historical synchronisms. The reign of Shoshenk I is established at 843–823 BC.
Low Infection Rates and Prolonged Survival Times of Hemodialysis Catheters in Infants and Children
Authors: Eisenstein Israel , Tarabeih Mahdi , Magen Daniella , Pollack Shirley , Kassis Imad , Ofer Amos , Engel Ahuva , Zelikovic Israel 
Published: December 2010

Summary

Background and objectives
Hemodialysis (HD) catheter-related complications are regarded as the main cause of HD failure in infants and children with ESRD. In this study, we determined HD catheter infection rates and survival times in children.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
We analyzed demographic, clinical, laboratory, and microbiologic data on all infants and children with ESRD who received HD therapy through a tunneled central venous catheter (CVC) in our Pediatric Dialysis Unit between January 2001 and December 2009. Our strict care of HD-CVCs makes no use of any kind of prophylactic antibiotic therapy.

Results
Twenty-nine children with ESRD (median age, 10 years) received HD through a CVC, for a total of 22,892 days during the study period. Eleven (38%) children were infants (<1 year of age) who received HD for a cumulative 3779 days (16% of total). Fifty-nine CVCs were inserted, of which 13 (22%) were in infants. There were 12 episodes of CVC infection—a rate of 0.52/1000 CVC days. Four (33%) episodes occurred in infants—a rate of 1.06/1000 CVC days. Only three (5%) of the CVCs were removed because of infection. Median catheter survival time for all children was 310 days and for infants was 211 days.

Conclusions
Very low CVC infection rates (one infection per 5 CVC years) and prolonged CVC survival times (around 1 year) are achievable in infants and children with ESRD receiving HD therapy by adhering to a strict catheter management protocol and without using prophylactic antibiotic therapy.
Monocyte Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Expression May Be Associated with Atherosclerosis Rather than Arteriosclerosis in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Ulrich Christof , Seibert Eric , Heine Gunnar H. , Fliser Danilo , Girndt Matthias 
Published: December 2010

Summary

Background and objectives
Circulating monocytes can be divided into functionally distinct subpopulations according to their surface expression of CD14 and CD16. Monocytes with high-level expression of both antigens (CD14++CD16+, Mo2 cells) are associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. These cells express angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) on their surface. They are involved in the association of chronic inflammation and cardiovascular disease in kidney patients. Cardiovascular morbidity results from atherosclerosis (plaque-forming, vessel occluding disease) and arteriosclerosis (loss of arterial dampening function). It is unknown whether ACE-expressing proinflammatory monocytes are related to atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, or both.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
During baseline examination for a prospective study on monocyte ACE expression and mortality, 60 chronic hemodialysis patients of an academic outpatient center were screened for atherosclerosis by carotid artery ultrasound, for arteriosclerosis by pulse pressure measurement, and for ACE expression on Mo2 cells by flow cytometry.

Results
ACE expression on Mo2 monocytes was significantly higher in patients with severe compared with those with little or no carotid atherosclerosis. Mo2 ACE correlated with a score to semiquantify atherosclerosis and remained a significant predictor of carotid plaques in multivariate analysis including the other univariately associated variables of age, hemoglobin A1c, and albumin. Mo2 ACE was not related to pulse pressure.

Conclusions
ACE expression on Mo2, although being a known predictor of mortality and cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease patients, may act via enhancement of atherosclerosis rather than arteriosclerosis.
The Gender Gap in Peer-Reviewed Publications by Physical Therapy Faculty Members: A Productivity Puzzle
Authors: Kaufman Regina R. , Chevan Julia 
Published: December 2010

BackgroundStudies of peer-reviewed article publication by faculty in higher education show men publish more than women. Part of the difference in publishing appears to be attributable directly to gender. Gender differences in publishing productivity have not been explored in physical therapy.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to explore effects of gender on peer-reviewed publication productivity in physical therapy.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study using survey methods.MethodsA survey was administered to a random sample of 881 physical therapy faculty members; 459 responses were used for analysis.ResultsMen were more likely than women to be married, have children, hold a PhD degree, be tenured or on a tenure track, and hold the position of department chair. There was a significant difference in peer-reviewed publication rates between male and female respondents. Negative binomial regression models revealed that female gender was a negative predictor of peer-reviewed publication, accounting for between 0.51 and 0.58 fewer articles per year for women than for men over the course of a career. Reasons for the gender differences are not clear.LimitationsFactors such as grant funding, laboratory resources, nature of collaborative relationships, values for different elements of the teaching/research/service triad, and ability to negotiate the academic culture were not captured by our model.ConclusionsThe gender gap in peer-reviewed publishing productivity may have implications for individuals and the profession of physical therapy and should be subject to further exploration.
Gamma Knife surgery for convexity, parasagittal, and falcine meningiomas
Authors: Hasegawa Toshinori , Kida Yoshihisa , Yoshimoto Masayuki , Iizuka Hiroshi , Ishii Dai , Yoshida Kouta 
Published: December 2010

Object
The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes in patients with convexity, parasagittal, or falcine meningiomas treated using Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) and to determine management strategy considering a risk of radiation-induced edema.

Methods
One hundred twelve patients who harbored 125 convexity, parasagittal, or falcine meningiomas were assessed. Forty-six patients underwent GKS as the initial treatment. The median tumor diameter was 25 mm, and median tumor volume was 8 cm3. The median maximum and margin doses were 30 and 16 Gy, respectively.

Results
The median follow-up period was 72 months. The actuarial 5- and 10-year progression-free survival rates were 78% and 55%, respectively. The actuarial 5- and 10-year local tumor control rates were 87% and 71%, respectively. Of 29 tumors that developed postradiosurgical edema, 7 were symptomatic. The actuarial symptomatic radiation-induced edema rate was 7%. The incidence of this complication was significantly higher in patients who underwent GKS as the initial treatment. Six of 46 patients for whom GKS was the initial treatment had preradiosurgical edema. Of these 6 patients, 4 developed severe panhemispheric edema after GKS (2 patients with parasagittal tumors, 1 with a falx tumor, and 1 with a convexity tumor).

Conclusions
Gamma Knife surgery is an effective treatment for convexity, parasagittal, and falcine meningiomas as the initial or adjuvant treatment. However, GKS should be restricted to small- to medium-sized tumors, particularly in patients with primary tumors, because radiation-induced edema is more common in convexity, parasagittal, and falcine meningiomas than skull base meningiomas.
Tumor-Induced Disruption of Proximal TCR-Mediated Signal Transduction in Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ Lymphocytes Inactivates Antitumor Effector Phase
Authors: Vazquez-Cintron Edwin J. , Monu Ngozi R. , Frey Alan B. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe presence in cancer tissue of Ag-specific, activated tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells proves that tumors express Ags capable of eliciting immune response. Therefore, in general, tumor escape from immune-mediated clearance is not attributable to immunological ignorance. However, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are defective in effector phase function, demonstrating tumor-induced immune suppression that likely underlies tumor escape. Since exocytosis of lytic granules is dependent upon TCR-mediated signal transduction, it is a reasonable contention that tumors may induce defective signal transduction in tumor infiltrating T cells. In this review, we consider the biochemical basis for antitumor T cell dysfunction, focusing on the role of inhibitory signaling receptors in restricting TCR-mediated signaling in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.
Emergency Mental Health: Lessons Learned From Flight 3407
Authors: Homish Gregory G. , Frazer Bonita S. , McCartan Daniel P. , Billittier Anthony J. 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTEmergency mental health (EMH), a field that is often not well represented when considering emergency preparedness, is nonetheless a vital component to any disaster response. Emergency mental health issues must be considered not only for victims of disasters and their families, friends, and coworkers but also for both on-scene and off-scene responders and members of the community who may have witnessed the disaster. This article describes the EMH preparation for and response to the crash of Continental Airlines flight 3407 in western New York on February 12, 2009, killing all 49 crew and passengers on board and 1 person on the ground. It describes aspects of the response that went as planned and highlights areas for improvement. The lessons learned from this EMH preparation and response can be used to inform future planning for disaster response.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:326-331)
Developing a Consensus Framework and Risk Profile for Agents of Opportunity in Academic Medical Centers: Implications for Public Health Preparedness
Authors: Farmer Brenna M. , Nelson Lewis S. , Graham Margaret E. , Bendzans Carly , McCrillis Aileen M. , Portelli Ian , Zhang Meng , Goldberg Judith , Rosenberg Sheldon D. , Goldfrank Lewis R. , Tunik Michael 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTAgents of opportunity (AO) in academic medical centers (AMC) are defined as unregulated or lightly regulated substances used for medical research or patient care that can be used as “dual purpose” substances by terrorists to inflict damage upon populations. Most of these agents are used routinely throughout AMC either during research or for general clinical practice. To date, the lack of careful regulations for AOs creates uncertain security conditions and increased malicious potential. Using a consensus-based approach, we collected information and opinions from staff working in an AMC and 4 AMC-affiliated hospitals concerning identification of AO, AO attributes, and AMC risk and preparedness, focusing on AO security and dissemination mechanisms and likely hospital response. The goal was to develop a risk profile and framework for AO in the institution. Agents of opportunity in 4 classes were identified and an AO profile was developed, comprising 16 attributes denoting information critical to preparedness for AO misuse. Agents of opportunity found in AMC present a unique and vital gap in public health preparedness. Findings of this project may provide a foundation for a discussion and consensus efforts to determine a nationally accepted risk profile framework for AO. This foundation may further lead to the implementation of appropriate regulatory policies to improve public health preparedness. Agents of opportunity modeling of dissemination properties should be developed to better predict AO risk.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:318-325)
Agent of Opportunity Risk Mitigation: People, Engineering, and Security Efficacy
Authors: Graham Margaret E. , Tunik Michael G. , Farmer Brenna M. , Bendzans Carly , McCrillis Aileen M. , Nelson Lewis S. , Portelli Ian , Smith Silas , Goldberg Judith D. , Zhang Meng , Rosenberg Sheldon D. , Goldfrank Lewis R. 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTBackground:Agents of opportunity (AO) are potentially harmful biological, chemical, radiological, and pharmaceutical substances commonly used for health care delivery and research. AOs are present in all academic medical centers (AMC), creating vulnerability in the health care sector; AO attributes and dissemination methods likely predict risk; and AMCs are inadequately secured against a purposeful AO dissemination, with limited budgets and competing priorities. We explored health care workers' perceptions of AMC security and the impact of those perceptions on AO risk.Methods:Qualitative methods (survey, interviews, and workshops) were used to collect opinions from staff working in a medical school and 4 AMC-affiliated hospitals concerning AOs and the risk to hospital infrastructure associated with their uncontrolled presence. Secondary to this goal, staff perception concerning security, or opinions about security behaviors of others, were extracted, analyzed, and grouped into themes.Results:We provide a framework for depicting the interaction of staff behavior and access control engineering, including the tendency of staff to “defeat” inconvenient access controls. In addition, 8 security themes emerged: staff security behavior is a significant source of AO risk; the wide range of opinions about “open” front-door policies among AMC staff illustrates a disparity of perceptions about the need for security; interviewees expressed profound skepticism concerning the effectiveness of front-door access controls; an AO risk assessment requires reconsideration of the security levels historically assigned to areas such as the loading dock and central distribution sites, where many AOs are delivered and may remain unattended for substantial periods of time; researchers' view of AMC security is influenced by the ongoing debate within the scientific community about the wisdom of engaging in bioterrorism research; there was no agreement about which areas of the AMC should be subject to stronger access controls; security personnel play dual roles of security and customer service, creating the negative perception that neither role is done well; and budget was described as an important factor in explaining the state of security controls.Conclusions:We determined that AMCs seeking to reduce AO risk should assess their institutionally unique AO risks, understand staff security perceptions, and install access controls that are responsive to the staff's tendency to defeat them. The development of AO attribute fact sheets is desirable for AO risk assessment; new funding and administrative or legislative tools to improve AMC security are required; and security practices and methods that are convenient and effective should be engineered.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:291-299)
Developing National Standards for Public Health Emergency Preparedness With a Limited Evidence Base
Authors: Nelson Christopher , Chan Ed , Chandra Anita , Sorensen Paul , Willis Henry H. , Dulin Stephanie , Leuschner Kristin 
Published: December 2010

ABSTRACTObjective: The paucity of evidence and wide variation among communities creates challenges for developing congressionally mandated national performance standards for public health preparedness. Using countermeasure dispensing as an example, we present an approach for developing standards that balances national uniformity and local flexibility, consistent with the quality of evidence available.Methods: We used multiple methods, including a survey of community practices, mathematical modeling, and expert panel discussion.Results: The article presents recommended dispensing standards, along with a general framework that can be used to analyze tradeoffs involved in developing other preparedness standards.Conclusions: Standards can be developed using existing evidence, but would be helped immensely by a stronger evidence base.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:285-290)
Improved parameter bounds for set‐membership EIV problems
Authors: Cerone Vito , Piga Dario , Regruto Diego 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we consider the set‐membership error‐in‐variables identification problem, that is the identification of linear dynamic systems when output and input measurements are corrupted by bounded noise. A new approach for the computation of parameters uncertainty intervals is presented. First, the problem is formulated in terms of nonconvex optimization. Then, a relaxation procedure is proposed to compute parameter bounds by means of semidefinite programming techniques. Finally, accuracy of the estimate and computational complexity of the proposed algorithm are discussed. Advantages of the proposed technique with respect to previously published ones are discussed both theoretically and by means of a simulated example. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.