bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REFLEKSI FILOSOFIS MENGADA DALAM KEBERMAKNAAN HIDUP MANUSIA MENURUT TERANG METAFISIKA MARTIN HEIDEGGER
Authors: Wendi Setiawan  
Published: June 2024

Man lives in the world with all his being. He is present, there must be a point. hence the need for that to be the focus in this article. This focal point is based on Martin Heidegger's metaphysical thinking on Being and Time. So, to answer this, the method used in this research is qualitative research based on literature studies. Thus, the author is able to provide findings and conclusions as to how the meaning of life is present in the way humans exist and how Heidegger views it with his metaphysics. So, the finding present in this article is how metaphysics sees the existence of humans in Heidegger's metaphysics. Furthermore, how the meaning of life can be created through the existence of humans. Not to forget also that the main finding is the personal way of seeing it as a novelty in this article. The result obtained is that humans are able.
Keywords: Heidegger's metaphysics, Being and Time, existing, the meaning of life
Adoption of CRISPR-Cas for crop production: present status and future prospects
Authors: Akanmu Akinlolu Olalekan , Asemoloye Michael Dare , Marchisio Mario Andrea , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti 
Published: June 2024

Background
Global food systems in recent years have been impacted by some harsh environmental challenges and excessive anthropogenic activities. The increasing levels of both biotic and abiotic stressors have led to a decline in food production, safety, and quality. This has also contributed to a low crop production rate and difficulty in meeting the requirements of the ever-growing population. Several biotic stresses have developed above natural resistance in crops coupled with alarming contamination rates. In particular, the multiple antibiotic resistance in bacteria and some other plant pathogens has been a hot topic over recent years since the food system is often exposed to contamination at each of the farm-to-fork stages. Therefore, a system that prioritizes the safety, quality, and availability of foods is needed to meet the health and dietary preferences of everyone at every time.

Methods
This review collected scattered information on food systems and proposes methods for plant disease management. Multiple databases were searched for relevant specialized literature in the field. Particular attention was placed on the genetic methods with special interest in the potentials of the Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and Cas (CRISPR associated) proteins technology in food systems and security.

Results
The review reveals the approaches that have been developed to salvage the problem of food insecurity in an attempt to achieve sustainable agriculture. On crop plants, some systems tend towards either enhancing the systemic resistance or engineering resistant varieties against known pathogens. The CRISPR-Cas technology has become a popular tool for engineering desired genes in living organisms. This review discusses its impact and why it should be considered in the sustainable management, availability, and quality of food systems. Some important roles of CRISPR-Cas have been established concerning conventional and earlier genome editing methods for simultaneous modification of different agronomic traits in crops.

Conclusion
Despite the controversies over the safety of the CRISPR-Cas system, its importance has been evident in the engineering of disease- and drought-resistant crop varieties, the improvement of crop yield, and enhancement of food quality.
Comparative study of the gut microbial community structure of Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera literal (Lepidoptera)
Authors: Chen Yaping , Chen Yao , Li Yahong , Du Ewei , Sun Zhongxiang , Lu Zhihui , Gui Furong 
Published: June 2024

Background
Spodoptera frugiperda, the fall armyworm is a destructive invasive pest, and S. litura the tobacco cutworm, is a native species closely related to S. frugiperda. The gut microbiota plays a vital role in insect growth, development, metabolism and immune system. Research on the competition between invasive species and closely related native species has focused on differences in the adaptability of insects to the environment. Little is known about gut symbiotic microbe composition and its role in influencing competitive differences between these two insects.

Methods
We used a culture-independent approach targeting the 16S rRNA gene of gut bacteria of 5th instar larvae of S. frugiperda and S. litura. Larvae were reared continuously on maize leaves for five generations. We analyzed the composition, abundance, diversity, and metabolic function of gut microbiomes of S. frugiperda and S. litura larvae.

Results
Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacterial phyla in both species. Enterococcus, ZOR0006, Escherichia, Bacteroides, and Lactobacillus were the genera with the highest abundance in S. frugiperda. Enterococcus, Erysipelatoclostridium, ZOR0006, Enterobacter, and Bacteroides had the highest abundance in S. litura. According to α-diversity analysis, the gut bacterial diversity of S. frugiperda was significantly higher than that of S. litura. KEGG analysis showed 15 significant differences in metabolic pathways between S. frugiperda and S. litura gut bacteria, including transcription, cell growth and death, excretory system and circulatory system pathways.

Conclusion
In the same habitat, the larvae of S. frugiperda and S. litura showed significant differences in gut bacterial diversity and community composition. Regarding the composition and function of gut bacteria, the invasive species S. frugiperda may have a competitive advantage over S. litura. This study provides a foundation for developing control strategies for S. frugiperda and S. litura.
Utilization of Sorghum, Sweet Potato and Chickpea for Production of High Nutritional Value Gluten Free Cookies
Authors: Hussien Hanan A. , Mohamed Zahrat El-Ola M. , Gawad Ahmed E Abdel 
Published: June 2024

Aims: Gluten-free (GF) products are essential for individuals with celiac disease, as the only treatment currently available is adhering to a GF diet. Additionally, many people today are increasingly focused on healthy eating and seeking nutritious food options. The purpose of this study was to prepare gluten-free cookies using sorghum flour, sweet potato powder, and chickpea powder, while also assessing their physicochemical and sensory qualities.
Methodology: Five gluten-free formulations were developed: control-100% sorghum flour as control, S1- 90% sorghum flour and 10% sweet potato, S2-80% sorghum flour + 10% sweet potato and 10% chickpea powder, S3-70% sorghum flour + 10% sweet potato and 20% chickpea powder, S4-60% sorghum flour + 10% sweet potato and 30% chickpea powder. The physicochemical properties and sensory evaluation of cookies were carried out.
Results: Results showed the inclusion of 10% sweet potato powder led to a significant increase in ash and fiber and carotenoids content in cookies furthermore, the increase of chickpea powder in cookies led to the increased proportion of crude fat, crude protein in cookies. Results also show an increase in mineral content with the increase in substitution with chickpea powder the addition of different levels of chickpea powder had a significant impact on the diameter and thickness of the cookies. As the chickpea powder level increased, there was a consistent decrease in cookie diameter and thickness.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the replacement of sorghum flour with up to 20% chickpea and 10% sweet potato powder was the most acceptable for the sensory characteristics of the gluten-free cookies.
An Overview of Cyanobacterial Contributions to Agriculture
Authors: Sathyananth M. , Raj T. Leon Stephan 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: This paper reviews the diverse agricultural applications of cyanobacteria for improving soil health, plant growth, and agricultural sustainability.
Research Method: The paper provides a literature review summarizing recent research on cyanobacteria's roles in soil aggregation, biofertilization, abiotic/biotic stress tolerance, yield improvements, carbon sequestration, and bioremediation. Both laboratory studies and field trials evaluating cyanobacteria's effects on soil properties and plant growth are discussed.
Findings: Cyanobacteria can enhance soil structure, provide fixed nitrogen, mitigate salinity stress, increase crop yields, and sequester carbon. Their stress adaptations, antimicrobial metabolites, and synergies with plants and microbes underpin many benefits. However, translating laboratory research into effective field inoculants remains challenging.
Research Limitation: Variability in effectiveness across cyanobacterial strains, plant species, and environments limits current understanding. More field testing is needed along with assessment of potentially negative impacts.
Originality/Value: This review highlights promising areas for cyanobacteria to promote agricultural sustainability while identifying knowledge gaps in genetics, plant-microbe interactions, and soil ecology that require further study. It emphasizes the need for locally-adapted, integrated solutions leveraging cyanobacteria's multifunctional traits.
Understanding Soil Quality Dynamics for Improving Rice Yield in Farmer’s Field
Authors: Singh Charan , Kumar Amit , Gandhi Vishal , Lalita  , Madaan Sukham , Saini Sumit , Mahaveer  , Jain Ashish , Kumar Rakesh , Sumit  
Published: June 2024

A roving survey was conducted during Kharif 2023 to assess the constraints in rice crop production of district Kaithal, Haryana. A total of 20 soil samples from the surveyed sites were collected in triplicate for further analysis. The pH(1:2) and EC(1:2) and OC of the surveyed sites ranged from 7.84 to 8.98, 0.19 to 0.66 dS/m and 0.44 to 0.67% respectively. The surveyed soils were non saline in nature. Most of the surveyed sites (around 70%) were found medium in organic carbon status. Soil available nitrogen ranged from 145.36-194.13 kg N/ha, available phosphorus 11.54-19.27 kg P/ha and available potassium 323.2-398 kg K2O/ha in the surveyed sites. The grain yield of rice varieties ranged from 2.85-8.85 t/ha whereas the straw yield of rice varieties ranged from 5.0-12.0 t/ha. The commonly grown rice varieties in scented group were PB 1121, PB 1509, PB 1718, PB 1847 and CSR 30 while the common high yielding non-scented variety and hybrid was PR114 and Vnr 2222, respectively. The constraints include low available nitrogen status of soils, high pH and sodicity at some sites, improper and untimely urea (N fertilizer) application. No farmer was applying organic fertilizers.
Charge‐Carrier Balance and Color Purity in Polyfluorene Polymer Blends for Blue Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Lu Li‐Ping , Kabra Dinesh , Johnson Kerr , Friend Richard H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA study of an efficient blue light‐emitting diode based on a fluorescent aryl polyfluorene (aryl‐F8) homopolymer in an inverted device architecture is presented, with ZnO and MoO3 as electron‐ and hole‐injecting electrodes, respectively. Charge‐carrier balance and color purity in these structures are achieved by incorporating poly(9,9‐dioctylfluorene‐co‐N‐(4‐butylphenyl)‐diphenylamine (TFB) into aryl‐F8. TFB is known to be a hole‐transporting material but it is found to act as a hole trap on mixing with aryl‐F8. Luminance efficiency of ≈6 cd A−1 and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 3.1% are obtained by adding a small amount (0.5% by weight) of TFB into aryl‐F8. Study of charge injection and transport in the single‐carrier devices shows that the addition of a small fraction of hole traps is necessary for charge‐carrier balance. Optical studies using UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopic measurements, photoluminescence quantum yield, and fluorescence decay time measurements indicate that TFB does not affect the optical properties of the aryl‐F8, which is the emitting material in these devices. Luminance efficiency of up to ≈11 cd A−1 and EQE values of 5.7% are achieved in these structures with the aid of improved out‐coupling using index‐matched hemispheres.
Synthesis of new sulfonated copolyimides in organic and ionic liquid media for fuel cell application
Authors: Akbarian‐Feizi Leila , Mehdipour‐Ataei Shahram , Yeganeh Hamid 
Published: October 2011

AbstractNew sulfonated copolyimides containing ether, carbonyl, and bulky naphthyl group in backbone were synthesized in two reaction media: organic solvent and ionic liquid media. For this purpose a new sulfonated diamine (BANBPDS) and an unsulfonated diamine (BANBP) was prepared through reactions of 4,4′‐dichlorobenzophenone‐3,3′‐disulfonic acid, and also 4,4′‐dichlorobenzophenone with 5‐amino‐1‐sodium naphthoxide, respectively. Three series of sulfonated copolyimide with different sulfonation contents (40–80%) were prepared by reaction of the sulfonated diamine (BANBPDS) in companion with three unsulfonated diamines including BANBP, 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA), and 1,8‐diamino‐3,6‐dioxaoctane (DADO) with 1,4,5,8‐naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA). Two media were selected for preparation of copolyimides. Copolyimides synthesized in ionic liquid had higher inherent viscosity and higher molecular weight in comparison with similar copolyimides that were synthesized via common organic solvent method. Incorporation of flexible groups in polyimide structures increased solubility and processability of the copolyimides. After characterization of polymers with common methods, their water uptake, water stability, ion exchange capacity (IEC), thermal behavior and stability, crystallinity, and morphology were studied. The polymers showed suitable properties including high thermal stability and ion exchange capacity, which were the basic requirements for application as fuel cell membranes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
A novel polymer chemodosimeter for the detection of mercury ions: Synthesis and fluorescence “turn‐on” responses of fluorene‐based conjugated polymer with reactive pendent N,N‐diethyl‐2‐(4‐phenoxy)‐thioacetamide
Authors: Huang Wenjun , Wu Wenhui 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA novel conjugating polyfluorene bearing N,N‐diethyl‐2‐(4‐phenoxy)‐thioacetamide as side chain was designed for the detection of Hg(II) ions. It was synthesized through postfunctionalization of acetamide‐based polyfluorene derivative. Upon the addition of Hg(II) ions, the thioacetamide groups of this polymer side chains were specifically reacted with Hg(II) ions, leading to this chemodosimeter with higher selectivity for Hg(II) over other metal ions tested under the same conditions. In addition, on the basis of the effect of fluorescent signal amplifications originated from electron transmission along the backbone, this designed conjugated polyfluorene with pendent reactive thioacetamide reached ultra high sensitivity for the detection of mercury ions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis of Chiral 1,3‐Diamines Derived from cis‐2‐Benzamidocyclohexanecarboxylic Acid and Their Application in the Cu‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Henry Reaction
Authors: Kodama Koichi , Sugawara Kazuyuki , Hirose Takuji 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, 13 different chiral 1,3‐diamines were synthesized from (−)‐cis‐2‐benzamidocyclohexanecarboxylic acid. They were successfully applied as ligands in the Cu‐catalyzed asymmetric Henry reaction between benzaldehyde and nitromethane. It was confirmed that the enantioselectivity of the product could be controlled by the substituents on the two amino groups. A time‐course study revealed a decrease in product enantioselectivity caused by spontaneous retro‐Henry reaction, which was suppressed by conducting the reaction at 0 °C. This versatile reaction afforded various β‐nitroalcohols in excellent yields and enantioselectivities (up to 98 % yield, 91 % enantiomeric excess) under the optimized reaction conditions. The chiral induction mechanism was explained on the basis of a previously proposed transition‐state model.
Coalescence efficiency of bubbles in bubble columns
Authors: Bizmark Navid , Mostoufi Navid , Mehrnia Mohammad‐Reza , Zarringhalam Simin M. , Yazdani Aryan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBubble size distribution was modelled by employing the population balance equation (PBE). All three bubble coalescence mechanisms (turbulence, buoyancy and laminar shear) and the main bubble breakup mechanism (breakup due to turbulent eddies) were considered in the model. Local bubble size distributions at the top and bottom of the column were obtained by solving this PBE. The results were compared with the experimental data for seven independent multiphase systems (water/air, isomax diesel/air, kerosene/air and four other liquid mixture/air) at two diverse gas velocities. The experimental adjustable constant in the coalescence efficiency function was determined by fitting the population balance to the experimental bubble size distributions. An empirical correlation was proposed for the coalescence efficiency by the dimensional analysis, which includes Reynolds and Weber numbers. © 2011 Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering
Molecular Modeling of the Three‐Dimensional Structure of Human Sphingomyelin Synthase
Authors: Zhang Ya , Lin Fu , Deng Xiaodong , Wang Renxiao , Ye Deyong 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSphingomyelin synthase (SMS) produces sphingomyelin and diacylglycerol from ceramide and phosphatidylcholine. It plays an important role in cell survival and apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid homeostasis, and therefore has been noticed in recent years as a novel potential drug target. In this study, we combined homology modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and normal mode analysis to derive a three‐dimensional structure of human sphingomyelin synthase (hSMS1) in complex with sphingomyelin. Our model provides a reasonable explanation on the catalytic mechanism of hSMS1. It can also explain the high selectivity of hSMS1 towards phosphocholine and sphingomyelin as well as some other known experimental results about hSMS1. Moreover, we also derived a complex model of D609, the only known small‐molecule inhibitor of hSMS1 so far. Our hSMS1 model may serve as a reasonable structural basis for the discovery of more effective small‐molecule inhibitors of hSMS1.
A Better Understanding of the Formation of Silica Nanococoons
Authors: Xu Zhen , Zhao Huanyu , Yan Zhuojun , Wang Sibing , Chen Yuanli , Li Baozong , Li Yi , Yang Yonggang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSilica nanococoons with coiled or concentric circular pore channels in the walls attracted much attention, recently. However, the formation of them is not well illustrated. Herein, hollow silica shells with organized pore channels parallel to the shell surface were prepared through a single‐templating method using the self‐assemblies of a chiral low‐molecular‐weight amphiphile,L‐18Phe6PyBr, as templates under a dilute concentration. These nanococoons were characterized using X‐ray diffractometer and N2 sorption. The formation of them was clearly shown in the field‐emission electron microscopy images which were taken at a low voltage. Moreover, transmission electron microscopy images taken after different reaction times indicated a cooperative self‐assemble mechanism. It was also found that the nanocoons were formed from coiled nanoribbons.
MCM‐41‐Supported Bidentate Phosphine Rhodium Complex: An Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Hydrosilylation of Olefins
Authors: Hu Ronghua , Hao Wenyan , Cai Mingzhong 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMCM‐41‐supported bidentate phosphine rhodium complex (MCM‐41‐2P‐RhCl3) was conveniently synthesized from commercially available and cheapγ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane via immobilization on MCM‐41, followed by reacting with diphenylphosphinomethanol and rhodium chloride. It was found that the title complex is a highly efficient catalyst for the hydrosilylation of olefins with triethoxysilane and can be recovered and recycled by a simple filtration of the reaction solution and used for at least 10 consecutive trials without any decreases in activity.
Molecular Iodine Promoted Synthesis of New Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ols
Authors: Wang Xicun , Liang Junling , Quan Zhengjun , Bai Lin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA highly ef?cient synthesis of novel pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ols was developed via an iodine‐catalyzed tandem oxidative cyclization under focused microwave irradiation. Pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐ols were obtained from easily available 2‐amino‐4‐aryl‐6‐arylnicotinamides and benzylic amines with good to excellent yields.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photochromic Properties of Novel Naphthopyrans with Hydrazone Unit Residue
Authors: Pang Meili , Cheng Hongbo , Niu Yanxia , Hu Qiaoju , Han Jie , Meng Jiben 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA series of naphthopyrans with hydrazone unit (8a–8m), were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR and HRMS. The photochromic properties were investigated under continuous irradiation, in particular regard to the fatigue resistance and the lifetime of the colored open form in solution and polymers. The results showed that these compounds had both good photochromic properties and high fatigue resistance. Detailed studies showed that representative compound 8d (3,3‐di‐4‐methoxybenzoic acid methylenehydrazino‐[3H]‐naphtho [2,1‐b]pyran) had good photochromic properties in THF solution, in solid state, and in polymers, and exhibited a significant bathochromic shift in the spectra of the open forms compared to known naphthopyrans 9 (3,3‐diphenyl‐[3H]‐naphtho[2,1‐b]pyran). On the other hand, the higher melting points of target compounds are promising for the polymer film preparation through hot‐melt method.
Determination of Amantadine Residue in Honey by Solid‐phase Extraction and High‐performance Liquid Chromatography with Pre‐column Derivatization and Fluorometric Detection
Authors: Zhang Jinzhen , Zhao Jing , Zhou Jinhui , Xue Xiaofeng , Li Yi , Wu Liming , Chen Fang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAmantadine (AMA) is an anti‐viral drug used in apiculture to protect honeybee against the sacbrood virus (Morator aetatulae). This study described a reliable high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for analyzing AMA in honey using a solid‐phase extraction (SPE) cartridge (Plexa PCX) for purification, 4‐fluoro‐7‐nitro‐2,1,3‐benzoxadiazole (NBD‐F) as a pre‐column derivatization agent, and fluorometric detection (λex=470 nm, λem=530 nm). The chromatographic separation was performed on an XDB C18 column (150×4.6 mm i.d.) using 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid/acetonitrile (35:65,V/V) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min−1 with a run time of 20 min. Under these optimal conditions, a linear relationship was observed in the range of 0.025–1.0 µg· mL−1 with a good correlation coefficient (0.998) and low limit of detection (0.0080 µg·g−1), the recoveries were all above 90%, and the intra‐day and inter‐day precision (RSD) ranged from 3.4%–5.1%.
Synthesis and Bioactivities of Andrographolide Derivatives: New (−)‐Limonidilactone Analogues
Authors: Xu Haiwei , Jiang Pingjuan , Li Weiyi , Wang Junfeng , Liu Hongmin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this study, a novel route to (−)‐limonidilactone analogues 10, 11 by way of stereoselective reaction of andrographolide (5) from 8, 9 was reported. The anti‐tumor and α‐glucosidsae inhibition activities of some synthetic compounds were screened.