bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone formation at titanium porous oxide (TiUnite™) oral implants in type IV bone
Authors: Huang Yi‐Hao , Xiropaidis Andreas V. , Sorensen Rachel G. , Albandar Jasim M. , Hall Jan , Wikesjö Ulf M. E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackground: Several oral implant design advances have been suggested to overcome poor bone quality, an impediment for successful implant treatment. A novel titanium porous oxide (TPO) surface has been shown to offer favorable results in several settings. The objective of this study was to evaluate the local bone formation and osseointegration at TPO‐modified implants in type IV bone.Method: Three TPO surface‐modified implants (TiUnite™) were installed into the edentulated posterior maxilla in each of 8 Cynomolgus monkeys. The animals were injected with fluorescent bone labels at 2, 3, 4 and 16 weeks post‐surgery and were euthanized at week 16 when block biopsies were collected for histologic analysis.Results: The predominant observation of the TPO implant surface was a thin layer of new bone covering most of the implant threads. Mean (±SE) bone–implant contact for the whole study group was 74.1±4.8%. There was a significant variability in bone–implant contact between animals (P=0.0003) and between sites of the same animal (P<0.0001). The variance in bone–implant contact was 30% larger among sites of the same animal than between different animals (187.5 vs. 144.8, respectively). There was a small but significant difference in bone density immediately outside, compared to within the threaded area of the implants (37.1±3.2% vs. 32.1±3.2%, P<0.0001). Bone density outside the implant threads was significantly correlated (β=0.682, P<0.0001) with the bone density within thethreaded area. Bone density within the threaded area was significantly correlated (β=0.493, P=0.0002) with bone–implant contact, whereas bone density outside the implant threads did not have a significant effect (β=0.232, P=0.1).Conclusions: The results suggest that the TPO surface possesses a considerable osteoconductive potential promoting a high level of implant osseointegration in type IV bone in the posterior maxilla.
Immediate functional loading of TiOblast dental implants in full‐arch edentulous mandibles: a 3‐year prospective study
Authors: De Bruyn H. , Van de Velde T. , Collaert B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIntroduction: Implant‐prosthetic rehabilitation of the completely edentulous mandible has evolved to a simplified procedure with shorter treatment time and survival rates of 95–100% depending on the implant system used.Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the 3‐year clinical success of Astra Tech TiOblast implants, functionally loaded on the day of surgery with a fixed full‐arch bridge in the mandible.Materials and methods: One hundred and twenty‐five implants of 3.5–4 mm width and 11–17 mm length were installed in 25 edentulous mandibles of 15 female and 10 male patients. Implants were functionally loaded on the day of surgery with a provisional, acrylic, glassfibre reinforced, 10 unit bridge. After 3–4 months, the final 12‐unit bridge was constructed. Radiographical bone loss was measured on peri‐apical radiographs after 3, 12, 24 and 36 months.Results: All implants were functional during the whole study period yielding a survival rate of 100%. None of the fixtures showed pain or mobility after manual torque with 20 N cm at the 3‐month control. Mean radiographical bone loss after 3 months and 1, 2 and 3 years was 0.6 mm (SD 0.7), 0.8 mm (SD 0.8), 1 mm (SD 0.8) and 1.3 (SD 1) respectively, which was statistically significantly increasing up to 1 year.Conclusion: Immediate loading of full‐arch mandibular bridgework on five TiOblast implants offers a long‐lasting clinical result with 100% fixture survival and stable bone‐to‐implant contact up to 3 years.
Histomorphometric assessment of bone formation in sinus augmentation utilizing a combination of autogenous and hydroxyapatite/biphasic tricalcium phosphate graft materials: at 6 and 9 months in humans
Authors: Artzi Zvi , Weinreb Miron , Carmeli Guy , Lev‐Dor Rony , Dard Michel , Nemcovsky Carlos E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjective: The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of a new biphasic hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) bone substitute in combination with particulate autogenous bone in sinus floor augmentation procedures.Material and methods: A simultaneous or a two‐stage sinus augmentation and implant placement were conducted in 28 patients. A mixture of HA/TCP and autogenous bone chips in a 1 : 1 ratio was used as the grafting biomaterial. Cylindrical specimen bone retrieval was performed in all patients except one. Specimens were harvested either at 6 (n=14) or 9 (n=13) months post‐augmentation. For histologic and histomorphometric evaluations, the non‐decalcified tissue processing (Donath's technique) was performed.Results: Newly formed bone around the grafted particles was found in all samples. The encircling, highly cellular bone followed the outline of the grafted particles in direct contact. Both woven and lamellar types of bone were observed.Morphometrically, the total mean bone area fraction of all sections was 34.8±10.3%, increasing from 28.6±7.8% at 6 months to 41.6±8.3% at 9 months (P<0.001). Mean particle area fraction average was 25.5±11.6% and 23.5±9.3% at 6 and 9 months, respectively, with a total mean of 24.5±10.4%. The increase in bone area fraction was not significantly correlated to the decrease of the grafted particles area fraction.Conclusions: The biphasic HA/TCP showed biocompatible and osteoconductive properties. This alloplast as a composite with autogenous bone chips promotes newly formed bone, which increases in its fraction along an extended healing period.
Early loading of mandibular full‐arch bridges screw retained after 1 week to four to five Monotype® implants: 3‐year results from a prospective multicentre study
Authors: Arvidson Kristina , Esselin Ove , Felle‐Persson Ewa , Jonsson Goran , Smedberg Jan‐Ivan , Soderstrom Ulf 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectives: This prospective multicentre study provides clinical experience up to 3 years to support a simplified treatment for mandibular edentulism within 1 week by using one‐stage implant surgery and a screw‐retained full‐arch bridge.Methods: Two hundred and fifty ITI Monotype® implants were installed in 62 patients out of 66 patients; 60 patients got four implants each and two got five implants. After 1 week, a final bridge was in function. Radiographs were taken as baseline for vertical bone loss up to 3 years post‐loading for the whole cluster and specific effects of gender, centre, age, bone class, implant length over time were compiled. Clinical (mPI, SBI) and subjective parameters such as general oral hygiene and patient satisfaction were recorded and repeated at specified intervals up to 3 years.Results: Four patients were excluded at surgery and are not involved in the follow‐ups. At 1 year, 61 patients (244 implants) were evaluable and all bridges were in function. After 3 years, 49 patients (194 implants) came to control. Eight patients died during the follow‐up period. Three patients lost one implant each. The cumulative implant survival rate was 98.55% and the success rate for the prosthesis was 100%. As calculated from measurable radiographs, the mean bone level at baseline was 1.63±0.78 and at 1 and 3 years 2.50±0.60 and 2.56±0.74, respectively. Using the mixed model analysis and Friedman test, the time in situ, centre and bone class had significant effect on the bone resorption and to some small extent even, the implant length. Gender and age were unaffected. Oral hygiene and patient satisfaction of the treatment were improved.Conclusions: The results indicate that one‐part self‐tapping sandblasted, large‐grit, acid‐etched (SLA) implants are suitable for loading within 1 week. In the whole period, the mean bone crestal resorption was <1 mm, which is in agreement with other similar studies.
Smoking in adolescence as a predictor of early loss of periodontal attachment
Authors: Hashim Raghad , Thomson W. Murray , Pack Angela R. C. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract – Objectives: On the basis of information from studies of older adults, smoking is considered to be an important risk factor for periodontal disease. Examining periodontal loss of attachment among younger adults means a lower contribution from cumulative exposure to other environmental risk factors. The aim of this study was to examine the role of chronic exposure to cigarette smoking as a risk factor for greater prevalence and extent of periodontal loss of attachment among 26‐year‐old participants in a longstanding prospective cohort study. Methods: Loss of attachment (LOA) was measured at three sites per tooth in two randomly selected contralateral quadrants (one upper, one lower). Cigarette smoking history was obtained at ages 15, 18, 21 and 26, and used to categorise participants as “never‐smokers”, “ever‐smokers”, “long‐term smokers” or “very long‐term smokers”. Results: Periodontal data were available for 914 Study members, among whom the prevalence of LOA of 4+mm was 19.4%. Among those who smoked at ages 15, 18, 21 and 26, it was 33.6%, and, after controlling for sex, self‐care and dental visiting, they were nearly three times as likely to have one or more sites with 4+mm LOA. Conclusions: Chronic exposure to smoking is a strong predictor of periodontal disease prevalence in young adults.
New fermentation technique to process fish waste
Authors: YAMAMOTO Masahiro , SALEH Fuad , OHTSUKA Akira , HAYASHI Kunioki 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe traditional method of processing fish waste is costly and usually overheats the waste, making it less digestible. In the present study, a fermentation technique using Aspergillus awamori was used to dry minced sardine fish to find a new model for processing fish waste and to evaluate its digestibility. Wheat bran (700 g), minced fresh sardines (2638 g) and A. awamori spores (0.7 g) were mixed together and kept in a ventilated incubator for 5 days at 40°C. At the end of the fermentation, a sample of fishmeal was taken to measure the nutrient content, enzyme activity and digestibility of crude protein (CP) and dry matter (DM) using an in vitro method. Furthermore, the effect of enzymes produced during the fermentation of DM and CP digestibilities of corn–soybean mixture in vitro were also examined. The percentage of moisture, CP, crude fat and nitrogen‐free extract in the fermented fish waste were 11, 39, 23 and 25%, respectively. The in vitro digestibilities of DM (69%) and CP (84%) of the fishmeal were almost the same as those of the heat‐dried sardine powder. During the fermentation, glucoamylase, α‐glucosidase, α‐amylase and acidic protease were produced, which may improve the DM digestibility of the diet. In conclusion, fish waste can be dried successfully using the fermentation technique described in the present study. Furthermore, the DM digestibility of the corn–soybean meal mixture is improved by the enzymes produced during the fermentation.
Evidence for estrogen receptor expression in the bursal epithelial cells of chicks
Authors: SHIN Young‐Ha , TAKAGI Fumiko , SUGITA Sachi , HAN Song , TSUJI Takehito , ABE Asaki , KONDO Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to demonstrate estrogen receptor (ER) α (ER‐α) and ER‐β expression in the bursa of Fabricius and cultured bursal epithelial cells (CBEC) by reverse transcription (RT)‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using a primer set design based on the sequences of chicken ER‐α complementary DNA (cDNA) and chicken ER‐β‐cDNA. In the case of ER‐α, RT‐PCR products of the expected size (698 base pairs (bp)) were amplified from cDNA derived from the bursa and CBEC, and from the oviduct, which was used as a positive control. All of the products were cleaved into two fragments of 476 bp and 222 bp by treating the products with restriction nuclease Hind III, indicating that these RT‐PCR products from the bursa, CBEC and genital organs were the same. In contrast, in the case of ER‐β, PCR products of the expected size (303 bp) were not detected in the bursa of Fabricius or CBEC, or in the oviduct and ovary. These results indicate that ER‐α is expressed in the bursa of Fabricius and in CBEC, but ER‐β is not expressed in the bursa or CBEC, or in the female genital organs of chickens.
Effects of long‐term administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin on the concentration of metabolites in milk in different stages of lactation in crossbred Holstein cattle
Authors: CHAIYABUTR Narongsak , THAMMACHAROEN Sumpun , KOMOLVANICH Siripen , CHANPONGSANG Somchai 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTEffects of long‐term treatment with recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on concentrations of cellular metabolites in the milk of 87.5% crossbred Holstein cattle were performed. The peak milk yield of rbST‐treated animals was 22% higher (P < 0.05) than that of the control animals in early lactation. The mammary glucose uptake of rbST‐treated animals increased in early lactation, but decreased in mid and late lactation, while plasma glucose concentrations were not affected. Lactose and milk triacylglycerol secretion of rbST‐treated animals significantly increased (P < 0.05) when compared with those of control animals in early lactation. The concentrations of milk glucose of rbST‐treated animals significantly increased in early and mid‐lactation (P < 0.05). The concentrations of milk galactose markedly increased (P < 0.05) whereas the concentrations of milk uridine 5′‐diphosphoglucose (UDP‐glucose) and UDP‐galactose showed no significant changes as lactation advances in both groups. The concentrations of isocitrate, 2‐oxoglutarate and citrate in milk from both groups showed no significant changes throughout experiment. The concentration of glucose‐6‐phosphate (G6P), glucose‐1‐phosphate and cyclic adenosine 3,5′monophosphate in milk from both groups markedly decreased as lactation advances exception in early lactation of rbST‐treated animals, which G6P was not affected. These findings suggest that prolonged rbST treatment exerts its galactopoietic action at least in early lactation through both intramammary and extra‐mammary changes. Increases in the concentrations of glucose and G6P in milk maintained the level of pretreatment in early lactation associated with increases in milk yields during rbST administration, reflect their concentrations in the cytosol or Golgi vesicles of mammary cells, which would be one of the factors regulating intermediary metabolites in the lactose biosynthetic pathway.
Plasma leptin, feed intake and body fat accumulation in fattening castrated male and female lambs
Authors: BAN‐TOKUDA Tomomi , DELAVAUD Carole , CHILLIARD Yves , FUJIHARA Tsutomu 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between changes in plasma leptin concentration and feed intake or bodyweight in female and castrated male lambs with fattening. Four female and four castrated male lambs were used and were fed roughage and concentrate supplemented with beef tallow ad libitum for 28 weeks. Although the feed intake and bodyweight increased with fattening in both the castrated male and female lambs, they decreased at 24–28 weeks in the female lambs. At the end of fattening, the crude fat content in the muscle (loin) of the female lambs was significantly higher than in the castrated male lambs (P < 0.05), while the crude protein content in the loin and fillet meat was higher in the castrated male than in the female lambs (P < 0.05). The plasma leptin concentration showed high values at a later stage of fattening (P < 0.05). In the female lambs the plasma insulin concentration increased at a later stage of fattening (P < 0.05) and was positively correlated (P < 0.0001, r = 0.78) with plasma leptin. Plasma metabolites (glucose, nonesterified fatty acid, total cholesterol and triglyceride) concentrations were also changed with fattening. Plasma total cholesterol was positively related to plasma leptin, more closely in the female than in the castrated male lambs (in females, r = 0.63, P < 0.001; in males, r = 0.38, P < 0.01). The accumulation of body fat was probably accelerated by the consumption of a lot of concentrate feed supplemented with treated beef tallow and by the stimulation of insulin with fattening. Consequently, the plasma leptin concentration increased, especially toward the end of the fattening period. The decrease in feed intake and bodyweight after the 24th week of fattening was possibly caused by an increase in leptin that is involved in the homeostatic regulation of body energy by regulating appetite.
An improved method for discriminating between Japanese Nagoya chickens and others
Authors: TAKAHASHI Hideaki , SAKAGAMI Masayuki 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTRecently, we reported a method for identifying the Nagoya, a Japanese chicken breed. Here we describe an improved method suitable for use in conventional laboratories. Five microsatellite markers fixed in the Nagoya breed were amplified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were digested with CEL I nuclease and electrophoresed in a ready‐made gel. The fragment‐length polymorphisms of each marker were detected clearly in the gel, and the resultant exclusion probabilities were almost equal to that in our previous data. This method can be used in laboratories without a DNA sequencer for routinely discriminating between the Nagoya breed and other chickens.
Translating a Foreign Writer: A Case Study of Byron in China
Authors: Ting Guo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper analyzes the social and cultural factors attributed to Byron’s wide popularity in twentieth century’s China, highlighting a heroic image of Byron perceived by a majority of Chinese readers with only a few translations of his works. It is argued that Byron’s success was largely because of his support of Greece’s independence, which fit well in the prevailing nationalist discourse in China at that time. Translating Byron’s work thus became a process of constructing an image of Byron politically and ideologically suitable for both Chinese society and Chinese readers in different contexts. Not only did translators and literary critics play a crucial role in this process but also literary organizations contributed to the shaping and fostering of such a heroic image of Byron among Chinese readers. Although nowadays Byron has gradually lost his charm as the situation in China changed, his heroic image is in fact further simplified and reinforced through a stereotyped, ideologically charged definition imposed by English literature education in Chinese universities. This paper suggests that translating a foreign writer is not solely a literary exercise by certain individual literary agents but is a far more complex process involving multiple social, cultural and political relationships in the target culture(s), which consequently diversifies and enriches the interpretations of the writer and his works in the world.
International Society for Sexual Medicine’s Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Premature Ejaculation
Authors: Althof Stanley E. , Abdo Carmita H.N. , Dean John , Hackett Geoff , McCabe Marita , McMahon Chris G. , Rosen Raymond C. , Sadovsky Richard , Waldinger Marcel , Becher Edgardo , Broderick Gregory A. , Buvat Jacques , Goldstein Irwin , El-Meliegy Amr I. , Giuliano Francois , Hellstrom Wayne J.G. , Incrocci Luca , Jannini Emmanuele A. , Park Kwangsung , Parish Sharon , Porst Hartmut , Rowland David , Segraves Robert , Sharlip Ira , Simonelli Chiara , Tan Hui Meng 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionOver the past 20 years our knowledge of premature ejaculation (PE) has significantly advanced. Specifically, we have witnessed substantial progress in understanding the physiology of ejaculation, clarifying the real prevalence of PE in population-based studies, reconceptualizing the definition and diagnostic criterion of the disorder, assessing the psychosocial impact on patients and partners, designing validated diagnostic and outcome measures, proposing new pharmacologic strategies and examining the efficacy, safety and satisfaction of these new and established therapies. Given the abundance of high level research it seemed like an opportune time for the International Society for Sexual Medicine (ISSM) to promulgate an evidenced-based, comprehensive and practical set of clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PE.AimDevelop clearly worded, practical, evidenced-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of PE for family practice clinicians as well as sexual medicine experts.MethodReview of the literature.ResultsThis article contains the report of the ISSM PE Guidelines Committee. It affirms the ISSM definition of PE and suggests that the prevalence is considerably lower than previously thought. Evidence-based data regarding biological and psychological etiology of PE are presented, as is population-based statistics on normal ejaculatory latency. Brief assessment procedures are delineated and validated diagnostic and treatment questionnaires are reviewed. Finally, the best practices treatment recommendations are presented to guide clinicians, both familiar and unfamiliar with PE, in facilitating treatment of their patients.ConclusionDevelopment of guidelines is an evolutionary process that continually reviews data and incorporates the best new research. We expect that ongoing research will lead to a more complete understanding of the pathophysiology as well as new efficacious and safe treatments for this sexual dysfunction. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that these guidelines be re-evaluated and updated by the ISSM every 4 years.
STUDIES IN SOIL FUMIGATION: DISTRIBUTION OF CARBON DISULPHIDE IN SOIL FUMIGATED UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS
Authors: HIGGINS J. C. , POLLARD A. G. 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYExperiments on the lines indicated in the preceding paper but with improved methods confirm that the depth‐distribution of carbon disulphide in soil fumigated by injection is characterized by:A high concentration in the zone of injection and immediately below it.A rapid decrease in concentration as the surface is approached.A somewhat slower decrease with depth below the zone of injection.A time‐concentration curve for each individual layer representing a sharp rise to a maximum concentration followed by a slower decline to a low level which is normally reached in about 24 hours.Variations in the depth of injection raise or lower the zone of high concentrations without appreciably affecting that in the surface 0–3 in. layer.Increased amounts of carbon disulphide per injection increase the persistence of the effective concentrations of fumigant, without causing any marked change in distribution or in the maximum concentrations attained.Experimental data indicate that the loss of fumigant from treated soil occurs very largely via the soil surface.Effective concentrations of carbon disulphide could not be produced in the surface layer by variation of the depth or amount of the injections nor by covering the surface with sacking.The nature of the concentration gradients of carbon disulphide in soil suggests that movement of the vapour is largely a simple diffusion process, but that in coarse textured or loosely packed soils a gravitational flow (as of a viscous fluid) may occur to a limited extent. There is no evidence that such gravitational flow proceeds to any considerable extent. The concentration of carbon disulphide is uniformly low at all depths after about 24 hours.