bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical features of the epidermis of the lizard Heloderma suspectum indicate richness in lipids and lack of a specialized shedding complex
Authors: Alibardi Lorenzo , DeNardo D. F. 
Published: October 2011

Alibardi, L. and DeNardo, D.F. 2011. Ultrastructural and immunocytochemical features of the epidermis of the lizard Heloderma suspectum indicate richness in lipids and lack of a specialized shedding complex. —Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00: 1–9.AbstractThe epidermis of the venomous lizard Heloderma suspectum has been studied for detecting generalized and desert adaptations. A thick and non‐completely syncytial beta‐keratin layer is followed by 60–90 layers of mesos‐cells. Non‐lamellated or sparse lamellated lipid material is seen among mesos‐cells where lipids form the main barrier against water loss. The alpha‐layer is made of interlocking cells with irregular perimeter that are connected through desmosomal remnants. Immunocytochemistry shows that beta‐keratin is present in beta‐cells, disappears in mesos‐cells but is diffuse in alpha‐cells. Alpha‐keratin is seen in mesos‐cells but lowers in alpha‐cells where alpha‐keratin probably mixes with beta‐keratin. Although the sequence of layers formed during the renewal stage of the epidermis was not available, a specialized shedding layer with an outer oberhautchen faced to an inner clear layer appears absent in this species. This condition suggests that shedding occurs at the boundary between the outer (old) alpha‐layer and the inner (new) beta‐layer formed underneath the alpha‐layer. The thick mesos layer is likely an efficient adaptation to limit water loss in desert conditions while the poorly specialized shedding complex may suggest a primitive stage in the evolution of the shedding layer in this lizard or a special adaptation to water shortage.
Eighteen‐ and 24‐month‐old infants correct others in anticipation of action mistakes
Authors: Knudsen Birgit , Liszkowski Ulf 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMuch of human communication and collaboration is predicated on making predictions about others’ actions. Humans frequently use predictions about others’ action mistakes to correct others and spare them mistakes. Such anticipatory correcting reveals a social motivation for unsolicited helping. Cognitively, it requires forward inferences about others’ actions through mental attributions of goal and reality representations. The current study shows that infants spontaneously intervene when an adult is mistaken about the location of an object she is about to retrieve. Infants pointed out a correct location for an adult before she was about to commit a mistake. Infants did not intervene in control conditions when the adult had witnessed the misplacement, or when she did not intend to retrieve the misplaced object. Results suggest that preverbal infants anticipate a person’s mistaken action through mental attributions of both her goal and reality representations, and correct her proactively by spontaneously providing unsolicited information.
Hierarchical Deformation of Locally Rigid Meshes
Authors: Manson Josiah , Schaefer Scott 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe propose a method for calculating deformations of models by deforming a low‐resolution mesh and adding details while ensuring that the details we add satisfy a set of constraints. Our method builds a low‐resolution representation of a mesh by using edge collapses and performs an as‐rigid‐as‐possible deformation on the simplified mesh. We then add back details by reversing edge‐collapses so that the shape of the mesh is locally preserved. While adding details, we deform the mesh to match the predicted positions of constraints so that constraints on the full‐resolution mesh are met. Our method operates on meshes with arbitrary triangulations, satisfies constraints over the full‐resolution mesh and converges quickly.
Tracking Measles Infection through Non-Linear State Space Models
Authors: Chen Shi , Fricks John , Ferrari Matthew J. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryEstimating the burden of infectious disease is complicated by the general tendency for underreporting of cases. When the reporting rate is unknown, conventional methods have relied on accounting methods that do not make explicit use of surveillance data or the temporal dynamics of transmission and infection. State space models are a framework for various methods that allow dynamic models to be fitted with partially or imperfectly observed surveillance data. State space models are an appealing approach to burden estimation as they combine expert knowledge in the form of an underlying dynamic model but make explicit use of surveillance data to estimate parameter values, to predict unobserved elements of the model and to provide standard errors for estimates.
Reliability of skin‐type self‐assessment: agreement of adolescents’ repeated Fitzpatrick skin phototype classification ratings during a cohort study
Authors: Magin P. , Pond D. , Smith W. , Goode S. , Paterson N. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground  The Fitzpatrick Skin Phototype Classification (FSPC) is the most commonly used measure of skin type. In questionnaire‐based surveys, self‐rated FSPC is often used as a measure of respondents’ skin type.Objective  The objective of this analysis was to assess test‐retest reliability of the self‐rated FSPC within a 12‐month cohort study that examined the psychological sequelae of acne.Methods  Participants were students aged 14–17 years in four Australian secondary schools; two‐government system schools and two private schools. The primary outcomes were a number of psychological measures. The FSPC was assessed by a single concise questionnaire item. Test‐retest agreement (as measured by quadratic weighted kappa) of participants’ self‐rated FSPC at three time‐points (baseline, 6 and 12 months) was calculated.Results  Of the 244 participating students, 209 students (86%) completed all three rounds of data collection. A further 26 students (11%) completed two rounds. Quadratic weighted kappa for Rounds 1 and 2 was 0.757 (95% CI 0.663–0.831). For Rounds 2 and 3 it was 0.805 (95% CI 0.659–0.893). Between Rounds 1 and 3 it was 0.767 (95% CI 0.698–0.832). This represents good‐to‐very‐good agreement.Skin type was retained as an independent variable in 8 of the16 regression models built to explain psychological outcomes in this study.Conclusion  Skin type appears to be a significant factor in psychological morbidity in acne. The FSPC is a reliable method for assessing skin phenotype, even when elicited via a concise questionnaire item suitable for assessing skin type as a potential confounder in studies of other outcome factors.
Adiponectin levels, insulin resistance and their relationship with serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in patients with Behçet’s disease
Authors: Şahin E. , Karaman G. , Uslu M. , Karul A. , Şendur N. , Şavk E. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAim  Increased frequency of cardiovascular disease and its possible relations with insulin resistance have been reported in patients with inflammatory diseases. The aim of our study was to investigate insulin resistance and serum adiponectin levels as cardiovascular risk markers in patients with Behçet’s disease.Method  Study population consisted of 40 patients with Behçet’s disease (BD) and a control group composed of age, gender, body mass index‐matched 46 healthy individuals. All patients were examined for signs of Behçet’s disease. Body mass index, waist and hip circumference were measured. Insulin resistance was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment‐insulin resistance method. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), lipid profile, high sensitive CRP (hsCRP), adiponectin, TNF‐α, IL‐6 and IL‐8 levels were measured.Results  Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, serum hsCRP and IL‐6 levels were significantly higher in patients with BD than those in the controls (P = 0.001, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). Fasting plasma glucose, insulin levels and lipid profile were not different between the two groups. Insulin resistance and decreased levels of the serum adiponectin were not detected in the patients. There was no relationship between insulin resistance, adiponectin levels and inflammatory markers. Active and inactive patients did not differ in respect of any parameters.Conclusion  Being a systemic vasculitis, BD may cause cardiovascular involvement. In this study, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and low adiponectin levels were not detected among our patients with Behçet’s disease. Our results suggest that there exists no increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease associated with adiponectin levels and insulin resistance in patients with Behçet’s disease.
Phytomenadione pre‐treatment in EGFR inhibitor‐induced folliculitis
Authors: Tomková H. , Pospíšková M. , Zábojníková M. , Kohoutek M. , Šerclová M. , Gharibyar M. , Šternberský J. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground  Targeted oncology therapy with inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor is associated with numerous cutaneous side effects. Acneiform eruptions are the most frequent skin toxicities reported. They may lead to impairment of patients’ quality of life and sometimes may even become severe enough to necessitate the interruption or cessation of therapy.Objective  To assess the possible effect of topical phytomenadione (vitamin K1) pre‐treatment in diminishing the extent and severity of acne‐like follicular rash associated with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy.Methods  A series of 20 patients with colorectal cancer or head and neck cancer were pre‐treated with phytomenadione cream (0.05% in seven patients and 0.1% in 13 patients), starting morning before the first infusion of cetuximab or panitumumab, and followed up for the development of therapy‐associated folliculitis. The cream was prepared from phytomenadione solution added to a hydrophilic cream base, oil in water, to obtain the concentration of 0.05% or 0.1%.Results  Majority of patients (15 out of 20, 75%) pre‐treated with phytomenadione cream experienced only mild, grade I acneiform eruptions. Five patients (25%) had grade II rash, which included two of seven patients pre‐treated with 0.05% phytomenadione cream and three of 13 patients who used 0.1% phytomenadione cream. Topical phytomenadione cream was well tolerated and no abnormalities in blood coagulation were observed.Conclusions  Topical pre‐treatment with phytomenadione cream might become useful in epidermal growth factor inhibitor‐associated acneiform eruptions.
Governing transnational social problems: public health politics on the US–Mexico border
Authors: COLLINS‐DOGRUL JULIE 
Published: October 2011

AbstractGovernance research suggests that transnational networks are the key to developing and implementing cooperative public policy across borders. I examine this claim through analysing how the US–Mexico Border Health Commission, a policy instrument designed to enhance transnational public health cooperation, developed from idea to law in Mexico and the United States. Despite a long‐standing transnational network, the policy process took over ten years and was contentious, politicized by domestic policymaking in the United States. I show how transnational networked governance intersects with domestic politics and find that the structure of overlap between the two are places where actors promoting state and transnational interests struggle with each other to define public problems in an attempt to shape policy outcomes.
Constructing human wellbeing across spatial boundaries: negotiating meanings in transnational migration
Authors: WRIGHT KATIE 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this article, I examine how human wellbeing is constructed transnationally. Whereas much attention has been paid to migrants based in the North, how the out‐migration of kin affects the construction of human wellbeing of those living ‘back home’ remains little understood. Existing literature has tended to focus on the impact of financial remittances but the broader psychosocial impacts affecting human wellbeing outcomes have received less attention. In this article I suggest that this gap might be filled by adopting a human wellbeing approach to deepen understanding of what Peru‐based immediate relatives and close friends regard as the benefits and challenges of this migration. By examining how human wellbeing is constructed across material, perceptual and relational domains, this approach offers greater holism in analysis. I also extend work on ‘social remittances’ by offering insights into the meanings that ensure that migration continues to be regarded in Peru as a livelihood improvement strategy worth pursuing.
γ‐Secretase modulators do not induce Aβ‐rebound and accumulation of β‐C‐terminal fragment
Authors: Li Ting , Huang Yunhong , Jin Shiyi , Ye Liang , Rong Na , Yang Xiujuan , Ding Yu , Cheng Ziqiang , Zhang Jinqiang , Wan Zehong , Harrison David C. , Hussain Ishrut , Hall Adrian , Lee Daniel Hong Seng , Lau Lit‐Fui , Matsuoka Yasuji 
Published: October 2011

J. Neurochem. (2012) 121, 277–286.Abstractγ‐secretase inhibitors (GSIs) have been developed to reduce amyloid‐β (Aβ) production for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease by inhibiting the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). However, cross‐inhibitory activity on the processing of Notch can cause adverse reactions. To avoid these undesirable effects, γ‐secretase modulators (GSMs) are being developed to selectively reduce toxic Aβ production without perturbing Notch signaling. As it is also known that GSIs can cause a paradoxical increase of plasma Aβ over the baseline after a transient reduction (known as Aβ‐rebound), we asked if GSMs would cause a similar rebound and what the potential mechanism might be. Our studies were performed with one GSI (LY‐450139) and two chemically distinct GSMs. Although LY‐450139 caused Aβ‐rebound as expected in rat plasma, the two GSMs did not. Inhibition of APP processing by LY‐450139 induced an accumulation of γ‐secretase substrates, α‐ and β‐C‐terminal fragments of APP, but neither GSM caused such an accumulation. In conclusion, we discover that GSMs, unlike GSIs, do not cause Aβ‐rebound, possibly because of the lack of accumulation of β‐C‐terminal fragments. GSMs may be superior to GSIs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease not only by sparing Notch signaling but also by avoiding Aβ‐rebound.
Metabolic effects of intra‐abdominal fat in GHRKO mice
Authors: Masternak Michal M. , Bartke Andrzej , Wang Feiya , Spong Adam , Gesing Adam , Fang Yimin , Salmon Adam B. , Hughes Larry F. , Liberati Teresa , Boparai Ravneet , Kopchick John J. , Westbrook Reyhan 
Published: October 2011

SummaryMice with targeted deletion of the growth hormone receptor (GHRKO mice) are growth hormone (GH) resistant, small, obese, hypoinsulinemic, highly insulin sensitive and remarkably long‐lived. To elucidate the unexpected coexistence of adiposity with improved insulin sensitivity and extended longevity, we examined effects of surgical removal of visceral (epididymal and perinephric) fat on metabolic traits related to insulin signaling and longevity. Comparison of results obtained in GHRKO mice and in normal animals from the same strain revealed disparate effects of visceral fat removal (VFR) on insulin and glucose tolerance, adiponectin levels, accumulation of ectopic fat, phosphorylation of insulin signaling intermediates, body temperature, and respiratory quotient (RQ). Overall, VFR produced the expected improvements in insulin sensitivity and reduced body temperature and RQ in normal mice and had opposite effects in GHRKO mice. Some of the examined parameters were altered by VFR in opposite directions in GHRKO and normal mice, and others were affected in only one genotype or exhibited significant genotype × treatment interactions. Functional differences between visceral fat of GHRKO and normal mice were confirmed by measurements of adipokine secretion, lipolysis, and expression of genes related to fat metabolism. We conclude that in the absence of GH signaling, the secretory activity of visceral fat is profoundly altered and unexpectedly promotes enhanced insulin sensitivity. The apparent beneficial effects of visceral fat in GHRKO mice may also explain why reducing adiposity by calorie restriction fails to improve insulin signaling or further extend longevity in these animals.
Urban Phosphorus Metabolism through Food Consumption
Authors: Li Gui‐Lin , Bai Xuemei , Yu Shen , Zhang Hua , Zhu Yong‐Guan 
Published: October 2011

SummaryUrbanization has significant impacts on local, regional, and global biogeochemical cycles, including through nutrient enrichment by food consumption, and especially in rapidly urbanizing countries. This article presents a time‐series estimation of phosphorus (P) metabolism through food consumption in Chinese cities and examines its relationship to income level during the period 1985–2006. Our results show that approximately 39% of the total dietary P inflow is exported through direct sewage discharge without treatment, 35% is exported via the output of solid human excreta, 7% is exported through sewage sludge landfill, and 19% is left within urban areas. The total inflow of dietary P to urban systems increases with per capita disposable income level. Furthermore, the ratio of dietary P remaining in urban systems to total dietary P inflow, the dietary P remaining in urban systems per capita, and the dietary P remaining per unit urban built‐up area respond in an inverted U shape to increases in per capita disposable income; the per capita outflow of dietary P shows a U‐shaped response. These relationships may indicate that the impact of urban dietary P on urban environmental systems follows the traditional environmental Kuznets curve, while the environmental impact of urban dietary P on surrounding nonurban ecosystems initially decreases but then increases with the rising income of urban residents.
Review of a Geriatric Health Literacy Workshop for Medical Students and Residents
Authors: Farrell Timothy W. 
Published: October 2011

The “Geriatric Health Literacy Workshop for Medical Students and Residents” developed by Seema Limaye, MD, introduces medical students and residents to important concepts in communicating with older adults with low health literacy through a variety of teaching modalities. The workshop is available on the Portal of Geriatric Online Education (POGOe) and includes a didactic session, role‐playing exercises, and a critique of patient education handouts. A preworkshop health literacy module and postworkshop clinical observation sessions reinforce the workshop content. The activity is designed to take approximately 2.5 hours to administer to small groups of three to five learners and is also suitable for interdisciplinary teams of health professions trainees. This POGOe product review highlights important features of the workshop and suggests opportunities for improvement.
Differences in Clinical Features and In‐Hospital Outcomes of Older Adults with Tako‐Tsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Citro Rodolfo , Rigo Fausto , Previtali Mario , Ciampi Quirino , Canterin Francesco Antonini , Provenza Gennaro , Giudice Roberta , Patella Marco Mariano , Vriz Olga , Mehta Rahul , Baldi Cesare , Mehta Rajendra H. , Bossone Eduardo 
Published: October 2011

ObjectivesTo describe the clinical characteristics and in‐hospital outcomes of older adults with tako‐tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC).DesignPartially retrospective, partially prospective observational study.SettingEleven Italian referral cardiac centers included in the Tako‐tsubo Italian Network.ParticipantsOne hundred ninety consecutive individuals with TTC (92.1% female, mean age 66) were divided into three groups according to age (<65, n = 78; 65–74, n = 61; ≥75, n = 51).MeasurementsClinical findings and in‐hospital outcomes were evaluated in each group.ResultsParticipants aged 65 and older had a greater prevalence of hypertension (P = .001) and a lower glomerular filtration rate (P < .001), and those aged 65 to 74 had a greater prevalence of psychiatric disorders (P = .01), ST‐segment elevation on admission (P = .01) and a cerebrovascular disease (P = .003) than those younger than 65. Despite similar left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) on admission (P = .26), the oldest group had a lower LVEF at discharge (P = .03). Inotropic agents were used more frequently in older adults (P = .03). In‐hospital composite adverse events (all‐cause death, acute heart failure, life‐threatening arrhythmias, stroke, and cardiogenic shock; P = .03) and overall complications (P = .004) were more common in participants aged 75 and older. Overall in‐hospital mortality was low (2.8%) but was more prevalent in participants aged 75 and older (6.3%). On multivariate analysis, age of 75 and older (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28–5.82, P = .04) and LVEF on admission (HR = 0.874, 95% CI = 0.81–0.95, P < .001) were the only independent predictors of in‐hospital adverse events.ConclusionThe clinical profile of participants aged 75 and older with TTC was different from that of those younger than 75 with TTC, and they had a higher in‐hospital complication rate.
Analysis of Abstracts Presented at the Prosthodontic Research Section of IADR General Sessions 2004–2005: Demographics, Publication Rates, and Factors Contributing to Publication
Authors: Lee Damian J. , Yuan Judy Chia‐Chun , Prasad Soni , Barão Valentim Adelino Ricardo , Shyamsunder Nodesh , Sukotjo Cortino 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose: The purposes of this study were to describe the demographics of abstracts presented at the prosthodontics section of IADR General Sessions from 2004 to 2005, evaluate the publication rate of abstracts, and analyze the relationship between variables in abstracts and publication.Materials and Methods: Prosthodontics research section abstracts from the IADR General Session in 2004 and 2005 were evaluated for: number of authors, presentation type, origin, affiliation, topic, study design, statistics, study outcome, and funding. The publication rate was calculated following a PubMed search. The journal of publication, year of publication, and the length of time before publication were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used for the data analysis; the relationships between presentation type, study design, study outcome, statistics, funding, and publication were analyzed using logistic regression (α= 0.05).Results: From 346 abstracts, 37.0% were published. For oral presentations, 40.7% were published; 35.8% of poster presentations were published. The mean duration before publication was 26.4 months. North America had the most abstracts, and Europe had the most publications. Fixed prosthodontic research had the highest number and proportion for publication. A significant association with publication was noted for neutral study outcomes (p= 0.018), studies with funding (p= 0.035), and abstracts from Europe (p= 0.001).Conclusions: The majority of abstracts from the prosthodontics research section of IADR General Sessions from 2004 and 2005 remain unpublished. A significant association for publication was noted with neutral outcomes, funding, and abstracts from Europe.