bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Complications and Recurrence Rates After Kirschner Wire Transfixion in Lesser Toe Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study
Authors: Klammer Georg , Baumann Gregor , Moor Beat Kaspar , Farshad Mazda , Espinosa Norman 
Published: March 2012

Background: Prolonged percutaneous Kirschner wire transfixion after correction of lesser toe deformities has been associated with an increased rate of complications such as infection, wire breakage or loosening. Currently, the duration of wire transfixion is based on the surgeons' opinion rather than on evidence. We hypothesized that a transfixion time of 3 weeks when compared to 6 weeks would decrease complication rates without an increase in the rate of recurrent deformity. Methods: We prospectively randomized 52 lesser toes corrected for a moderate hammer- or claw toe deformity by means of resectional arthroplasty of the proximal interphalangeal joint into two groups with 3 and 6 weeks of Kirschner wire transfixion, respectively. Kirschner wire-associated complication rates and incidence of early recurrence of malalignment in a short term followup of three months were assessed. Forty-six toes, 23 in each group, were available for final followup. Results: No statistically significant differences were found in pre- and postoperative total AOFAS scores between the groups. No Kirschner wire associated complications occurred. Recurrent malalignment was more often documented in the group with 3 weeks of transfixion (11 of 23 toes, 47.8%) when compared to 6 weeks (two of 23 toes, 8.7%) at 3 months followup. Interphalangeal joint motion was significantly reduced with prolonged Kirschner wire transfixion, indicating a more stable fibrous union ( p = 0.038). Conclusion: At short-term followup, Kirschner wire transfixion of 6 weeks as opposed to 3 weeks showed a lower rate of recurrent malalignment without an increase in Kirschner wire associated complications. Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Comparative Study
Magnetic resonance imaging volumetric assessment of the extent of contrast enhancement and resection in oligodendroglial tumors
Authors: Sankar Tejas , Moore Nina Z. , Johnson Joshua , Ashby Lynn S. , Scheck Adrienne C. , Shapiro William R. , Smith Kris A. , Spetzler Robert F. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: March 2012

Object
Oligodendrogliomas that enhance on MR images are associated with poor prognosis. However, the importance of the volume of enhancing tumor tissue, and the extent of its resection, is uncertain. The authors examined the prognostic significance of preoperative and residual postoperative enhancing tissue volumes in a large single-center series of patients with oligodendroglioma. They also examined the relationship between enhancement and characteristic genetic signatures in oligodendroglial tumors, specifically deletion of 1p and 19q (del 1p/19q).

Methods
The authors retrospectively analyzed 100 consecutive cases of oligodendroglioma involving patients who had undergone T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced MRI at diagnosis and immediately after initial surgical intervention. The presence of preoperative enhancement was determined by consensus. Preoperative and residual postoperative volumes were measured using a quantitative, semiautomated method by a single blinded observer. Intrarater reliability for preoperative volumes was confirmed by remeasurement in a subset of patients 3 months later. Intrarater and interrater reliability for residual postoperative volumes was confirmed by remeasurement of these volumes by both the original and a second blinded observer. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the influence of contrast enhancement at diagnosis and the volume of pre- and postoperative contrast-enhancing tumor tissue on time to relapse (TTR) and overall survival (OS), while controlling for confounding clinical, pathological, and genetic factors.

Results
Sixty-three of 100 patients had enhancing tumors at initial presentation. Presence of contrast enhancement at diagnosis was related to reduced TTR and OS on univariate analysis but was not significantly related on multivariate analysis. In enhancing tumors, however, greater initial volume of enhancing tissue correlated with shortened TTR (p = 0.00070). Reduced postoperative residual enhancing volume and a relatively greater resection of enhancing tissue correlated with longer OS (p = 0.0012 and 0.0041, respectively). Interestingly, patients in whom 100% of enhancing tumor was resected had significantly longer TTR (174 vs 64 weeks) and OS (392 vs 135 weeks) than those with any residual enhancing tumor postoperatively. This prognostic benefit was not consistently maintained with greater than 90% or even greater than 95% resection of enhancing tissue. There was no relationship between presence or volume of enhancement and del 1p/19q.

Conclusions
In enhancing oligodendrogliomas, completely resecting enhancing tissue independently improves outcome, irrespective of histological grade or genetic status. This finding supports aggressive resection and may impact treatment planning for patients with these tumors.
Consumption of tomatoes reduces the cardiovascular disease
Authors: Duttaroy Asim K 
Published: March 2012

Emerging epidemiological and intervention data support the connection between increased tomato consumption and reduced risk for cardiovascular disease. Tomato contains several antioxidants including lycopene, polyphenols, trace elements, and vitamins those are known to inhibit atherosclerotic processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that tomato also contains several potent anti-platelet compounds. The ingestion of these tomato components significantly affects ex vivo platelet function when supplemented in human volunteers. Platelet aggregation is a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes, including myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Since tomato can reduce both platelet hyperactivity and atherosclerosis process thus makes it an ideal food for the cardiovascular system. Additionally tomato has the lowest content of uric acid than any fruits and vegetables. Tomato extract , commercially known as Fruitflow, is an absolutely unique dietary solution for cardiovascular support that works immediately after ingestion. Fruitflow works by helping to keep blood platelets smooth, thereby promoting healthy circulation and pressure within the cardiovascular system. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbayr.v1i2.10027
Access and usage of electronic journals in Dhaka University Library (DUL): an empirical study
Authors: Islam Md. Shiful , Alam Md. Saiful , Sultana Sajia 
Published: March 2012

The purpose of this study is to investigate access and usage of scholarly electronic journals (e-journals) at Dhaka University Library (DUL). It reports the results from a questionnaire-based survey of e-journals access and usages at Dhaka University (DU) serving a variety of academic departments. The survey of the study covers two structured questionnaires comprising of both open- and close-ended questions, and the number of respondents was (N) = 50, 30 faculty members and 20 students. First one was designed for the students of DU in order to gather data and information regarding e-journals access and usage provided by DUL. Second one was structured for the faculty members of DU to explore their expectations, opinions and valuable suggestions with a view to improving e-journal services in DUL. The study identifies some major problems of e-journals access and usage in DUL, and finds out some suitable measures to overcome the problems. The results show a growing interest in e-journals usage among the users at DU. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbayr.v1i2.10029
Study on the irrigation water distribution system developed by Barind Multipurpose Development Authority
Authors: Rahman Md. Mosiur , Kamal A.H.M. , Al Mamun Abdullah , Miah Md. Shafi Uddin 
Published: March 2012

Irrigated agriculture has been playing a vital role for the growth in crop production in Bangladesh. Minor irrigation comprising of shallow tubewells (STWs), deep tubewells (DTWs), hand tubewells (HTWs) and low-lift pumps (LLPs) is a major irrigation system in the country. Poor performance of irrigation is an issue for the expansion of irrigated area. The present study was carried out to examine the conveyance efficiency and rate of irrigation water loss in DTW schemes in Bogra, Thakurgaon and Godagari zones of Barind Management Development Authority. There were various types of water distribution identified in these schemes with including Poly Venyl Chloride (PVC) buried pipe, cement concrete (CC) rectangular, Ferro trapezoidal, Ferro semicircular and rectangular earth drain. The average conveyance efficiency of PVC buried pipe for Bogra, Thakurgaon and Godagari zones ranged from 94.46% to 95.37% and rate of water loss ranged from 5.45% to 9.55% in three study zones. Average conveyance efficiency of CC rectangular for Bogra and Godagari zone ranged from 91.20% and rate of water loss from 6.58% to 9.93%. Average conveyance efficiency of Ferro trapezoid for Bogra and Godagari zone ranged from 87.80% to 90.06% and rate of water loss ranged from 9.94% to 12.21%. Average conveyance efficiency of Ferro semicircle for Bogra and Godagari zone ranged between 88.13% and 86.82% and rate of water loss between 11.59% and 11.68%. Average conveyance efficiency and rate of water loss of rectangular earth drain Godagari zone was 58.66% and 42.29% respectively. About 80% farmers recommended buried pipe irrigation system and about 20% semi-circular channel. The study suggests that the improved water distribution system as developed by BMDA is sustainable to increase productivity of irrigation systems in Bangladesh. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbayr.v1i2.10032
Systemic Sclerosis Fibroblasts Show Specific Alterations of Interferon-γ and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-induced Modulation of Interleukin 6 and Chemokine Ligand 2
Authors: ANTONELLI ALESSANDRO , FALLAHI POUPAK , FERRARI SILVIA MARTINA , GIUGGIOLI DILIA , COLACI MICHELE , Di DOMENICANTONIO ANDREA , FERRI CLODOVEO 
Published: March 2012

Objective.We evaluated the effect of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and/or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on the secretion of prototype proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6), compared to T-helper 1 [Th1; chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10)] or Th2 [chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)] chemokines, in primary cultured fibroblasts from patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) at an early stage of the disease.Methods.Fibroblast cultures from 5 SSc patients (disease duration < 2 yrs) and 5 healthy controls were evaluated for the production of IL-6, CXCL10, and CCL2 at the basal level and after stimulation with IFN-γ and/or TNF-α.Results.SSc fibroblasts basally produced higher levels of IL-6 than controls, while no difference was observed about CCL2 and CXCL10. TNF-α was able to dose-dependently induce IL-6 and CCL2 secretion in SSc, but not in control fibroblasts. By stimulation with increasing doses of IFN-γ, SSc fibroblasts were induced to secrete CCL2 and CXCL10, while no effect was observed on IL-6. The combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α induced a strong secretion of IL-6 and CCL2 in SSc fibroblasts but not in controls. In contrast, the synergistic effect of IFN-γ and TNF-α on CXCL10 secretion was similar in SSc fibroblasts and in controls.Conclusion.SSc fibroblasts participate in the self-perpetuation of inflammation by releasing IL-6, CXCL10, and CCL2 under the influence of IFN-γ and/or TNF-α. SSc fibroblasts are more active than controls in the secretion of IL-6 at baseline, and in the production of IL-6 and CCL2 under the combined IFN-γ/TNF-α stimulation.
N,7,7‐Tricyanoquinomethanimine (TCQMI) Based Organic Magnetic Materials
Authors: Arthur Jordan L. , Lapidus Saul H. , Moore Curtis E. , Rheingold Arnold L. , Stephens Peter W. , Miller Joel S. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of a new family of magnetic materials based on the electron accepting cyanocarbon N,7,7‐tricyanoquinomethanimine, TCQMI, its radical anion [TCQMI], and its σ‐dimer, σ‐[TCQMI]22−, are reported. [FeIIICp*2][TCQMI] (where Cp* is pentamethylcyclopentadienide) forms parallel chains of alternating [TCQMI]•− and [FeCp*2]•+ and magnetically orders at 3.4 K as a weak ferromagnet. M[TCQMI]2•zCH2Cl2 (M = V, Fe) are amorphous solids with [TCQMI]•− coordinated to metal centers through the nitrile groups. The Fe compound magnetically orders as a weak ferromagnet at ≈4 K, whereas the V compound shows no evidence of magnetic ordering. {[MnIIITPP]+}2[TCQMI]22− (TPP = tetraphenylporphyrin) results from the reaction of TCQMI with MnIITPP(py) due to the formation of the [TCQMI]22− σ‐dimer in situ, and is a weak ferromagnet below 3.7 K. The lack of magnetic ordering in V[TCQMI]2•zCH2Cl2 is not currently understood, and is in strong contrast to V[TCNE]2•zCH2Cl2, which magnetically orders above room temperature.
Nanoscale Observation of Time‐Dependent Domain Wall Pinning as the Origin of Polarization Fatigue
Authors: Yang Sang Mo , Kim Tae Heon , Yoon Jong‐Gul , Noh Tae Won 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe microscopic mechanism of polarization fatigue (i.e., a loss of switchable polarization under electrical cycling) remains one of the most important long‐standing problems in ferroelectric communities. Although there are numerous proposed fatigue models, a consensus between the models and experimental results is not reached yet. By using modified‐piezoresponse force microscopy, nanoscale domain switching dynamics are visualized for different fatigue stages in epitaxial PbZr0.4Ti0.6O3 capacitors. Systematic time‐dependent studies of the domain nucleation and evolution reveal that domain wall pinning, rather than nucleation inhibition, is the primary origin of fatigue. In particular, the evolution of domain wall pinning process during electrical cycling, from the suppression of sideways domain growth in early fatigued stages to the blockage of forward domain growth in later stages, is directly observed. The pinning of forward growth results in a nucleation‐limited polarization switching and a significant slowdown of the switching time in the severely fatigued samples. The direct nanoscale observation of domain nucleation and growth dynamics elucidates the importance of evolution of the domain wall pinning process in the fatigue of ferroelectric materials.
Carbohydrate Structure Dependent Hemocompatibility of Biomimetic Functional Polymer Brushes on Surfaces
Authors: Yu Kai , Lai Benjamin F. L. , Kizhakkedathu Jayachandran N. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractGlycocalyx mimicking glycopolymer brushes presenting mannose, galactose and glucose residues in the pyranose form, similar to those present on cell surfaces, were synthesized on planar substrates (Si wafer, gold chip) and monodispersed polystyrene (PS) particles, and the interaction of blood to these surfaces were studied using various methods with the goal of producing a hemocompatible surface. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy and gel analyses showed that the total protein adsorption from plasma was greatly reduced, as low as 24.3 ng/cm2 from undiluted plasma on the glucose carrying brush. The protein adsorption decreased with increasing grafting density of the brushes. It was also found that the protein adsorption varied with the anticoagulant used for blood collection; much higher amount of protein was adsorbed from heparinzied plasma than citrated plasma. Proteomics protein identification analysis revealed that protein adsorption from plasma depended on the type of sugar residue present on the surface as well as the type of anticoagulant. All the three types of glycopolymer brushes showed similar level of platelet activation as that of buffer control irrespective of the nature of carbohydrate residue. However, the number of adhered platelet and their morphology depended on the type of carbohydrate residue present on the brush. On glucose brush, the extent of platelet adhesion and spreading was significantly lowered compared to other brushes. All the glycopolymer brushes were neutral to blood coagulation as indicated by thromboelastography analysis. The glucose brush gave a slightly longer initial coagulation time suggesting that this surface may be more biocompatible. Our data demonstrate that the structure of carbohydrate residue is an important factor in the design of synthetic blood contacting surface based on glycopolymer.
Highly Potent Bactericidal Activity of Porous Metal‐Organic Frameworks
Authors: Zhuang Wenjuan , Yuan Daqiang , Li Jian‐Rong , Luo Zhiping , Zhou Hong‐Cai , Bashir Sajid , Liu Jingbo 
Published: March 2012

AbstractRecent outbreaks of bacterial infection leading to human fatalities have been a motivational force for us to develop antibacterial agents with high potency and long‐term stability. A novel cobalt (Co) based metal‐organic framework (MOF) was tested and shown to be highly effective at inactivating model microorganisms. Gram‐negative bacteria,Escherichia coli(strains DH5alpha and XL1‐Blue) were selected to determine the antibacterial activities of the Co MOF. In this MOF, the Co serves as a central element and an octa‐topic carboxylate ligand, tetrakis [(3,5‐dicarboxyphenyl)‐oxamethyl] methane (TDM8−) serves as a bridging linker. X‐ray crystallographic studies indicate that Co‐TDM crystallizes in tetragonal space groupP$\overline 4$21mwith a porous 3D framework.The potency of the Co‐TDM disinfectant was evaluated using a minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) benchmark and was determined to be 10–15 ppm within a short incubation time period (<60 min). Compared with previous work using silver nanoparticles and silver‐modified TiO2nano‐ composites over the same time period, the MBC and effectiveness of Co‐TDM are superior. Electron microscopy images indicate that the Co‐TDM displayed distinctive grain boundaries and well‐developed reticulates. The Co active sites rapidly catalyzed the lipid peroxidation, causing rupture of the bacterial membrane followed by inactivation, with 100% recycling and high persistence (>4 weeks). This MOF‐based approach may lead to a new paradigm for MOF applications in diverse biological fields due to their inherent porous structure, tunable surface functional groups, and adjustable metal coordination environments.
Risk factors for nonsyndromic holoprosencephaly: A Manitoba case–control study
Authors: Vaz Simone S. , Chodirker Bernard , Prasad Chitra , Seabrook Jamie A. , Chudley Albert E. , Prasad Asuri N. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractHoloprosencephaly (HPE) is one of the most common developmental field defects, occurring in 1 in 250 conceptuses and in 1 in 10,000–20,000 live births. Nearly half of patients with HPE have a recognized syndrome or a single gene defect. However, little is known about the risk factors for the remainder with “nonsyndromic” HPE. In our case–control study, we examine factors associated with nonsyndromic HPE. We identified 47 patients with HPE from the genetics clinic database with an equal number of controls matched for gender and birthdate. Of the 47 patients, 23 were identified as nonsyndromic. No statistically significant differences were noted between the mean maternal and paternal ages of patients and controls. Factors associated with nonsyndromic HPE were: having an Aboriginal mother (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–11.1), an Aboriginal father (OR 12.8, 95% CI 3.0–55.1), at least one Aboriginal parent (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.6–16.0), or two Aboriginal parents (OR 8.8, 95% CI 2.0–37.8), the presence of a family history of a midline facial defect (OR 8.2, 95% CI 1.5–45.2), and being of low socioeconomic status (OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.0–9.1). Having an Aboriginal background remained statistically significant after adjusting for low socioeconomic status. Other associations evaluated—history of prior spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, neonatal death, prepregnancy diabetes, infections during pregnancy, alcohol exposure, smoking, and substance abuse—were not significantly associated with nonsyndromic HPE. The use of periconceptional folic acid or vitamins was not associated with a lower risk of nonsyndromic HPE. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Glucose metabolism and pancreatic defects in spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Bowerman Melissa , Swoboda Kathryn J. , Michalski John‐Paul , Wang Gen‐Sheng , Reeks Courtney , Beauvais Ariane , Murphy Kelley , Woulfe John , Screaton Robert A. , Scott Fraser W. , Kothary Rashmi 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is the number 1 genetic killer of young children. It is caused by mutation or deletion of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. Although SMA is primarily a motor neuron disease, metabolism abnormalities such as metabolic acidosis, abnormal fatty acid metabolism, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia have been reported in SMA patients. We thus initiated an in‐depth analysis of glucose metabolism in SMA.Methods:Glucose metabolism and pancreas development were investigated in the Smn2B/− intermediate SMA mouse model and type I SMA patients.Results:Here, we demonstrate in an SMA mouse model a dramatic cell fate imbalance within pancreatic islets, with a predominance of glucagon‐producing α cells at the expense of insulin‐producing β cells. These SMA mice display fasting hyperglycemia, hyperglucagonemia, and glucose resistance. We demonstrate similar abnormalities in pancreatic islets from deceased children with the severe infantile form of SMA in association with supportive evidence of glucose intolerance in at least a subset of such children.Interpretation:Our results indicate that defects in glucose metabolism may play an important contributory role in SMA pathogenesis. ANN NEUROL 2012;72:256–268.
Emission analysis of RE3+ (RE = Sm, Dy):B2O3‐TeO2‐Li2O‐AlF3 glasses
Authors: Raju C Nageswara , Sailaja S , Kumari S Pavan , Dhoble SJ , Kumar V Ramesh , Ramanaiah MV , Reddy B Sudhakar 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACTThis article reports on the optical properties of 0.5% mol of Sm3+, Dy3+ ion‐doped B2O3‐TeO2‐Li2O‐AlF3 (LiAlFBT) glasses. The glass samples were characterized by optical absorption and emission spectra. Judd‐Ofelt theory was applied to analyze the optical absorption spectra and calculate the intensity parameters and radiative properties of the emission transitions. The emission spectra of Sm3+ and Dy3+:LiAlFBT glasses showed a bright reddish‐orange emission at 598 nm (4G5/2 → 6H7/2) and an intense yellow emission at 574 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2), respectively. Full width at half maximum (FWHM), stimulated emission cross section, gain bandwidth and optical gain values were also calculated to extend the applications of the Sm3+ and Dy3+:LiAlFBT glasses. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.