bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A history of Republican public relations in Northern Ireland from “Bloody Sunday” to the “Good Friday Agreement”
Authors: Somerville Ian , Purcell Andy 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the public relations strategies of the IRA (Irish Republican Army) and their political wing Sinn Féin, throughout the historical period known as the Northern Ireland “Troubles”.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses semi‐structured élite interviews as its primary data. The study structures a historical account of the development of republican public relations around three main phases: the “propaganda of the deed” phase; the development of political public relations phase; and the peace process phase.FindingsMuch previous research traces a common trajectory for terrorist organisations, where they begin with large‐scale “propaganda of the deed” activities, and then move toward more typical PR activities when their “message” begins to be heard. The findings suggest that this is only partially true for the republican movement. Previous research also claims that peace settlements virtually never acknowledge the demands of terrorist groups. However, the findings indicate that the republican movement, via the use of skilful public relations techniques and disciplined internal organisational communication, pushed itself to the forefront and remained central in the efforts to develop a peace process.Research limitations/implicationsThe study draws on interview data with a small group (six) of republican strategists, all of whom where involved in some capacity in public relations activities. While it is not claimed that they represent the views of the whole republican movement on the issues discussed, they do arguably represent the views of a “dominant coalition”. Future research could usefully investigate the public relations of power sharing since the Good Friday Agreement.Originality/valuePrevious approaches to analysing the subject of public relations and terrorism have tended to regard it as an activity engaged in by psychopaths or criminals. This paper's starting‐point is to problematise this definition of “terrorism” and at the same time widen the application of the term to include State actors. In this regard, it is in opposition to much current Western media, governmental and academic usage of the term. This research also differs from most other studies of terrorism in the public relations literature, in that it uses élite interviews as its primary source of data.
Trainer interventions as instructional strategies in air traffic control training
Authors: Koskela Inka , Palukka Hannele 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to identify methods of guidance and supervision used in air traffic control training. It also aims to show how these methods facilitate trainee participation in core work activities.Design/methodology/approachThe paper applies the tools of conversation analysis and ethnomethodology to explore the ways in which trainers and trainees act and interact in training situations. The data consist of the video recordings (total 38 hours) and ethnographic material gathered at a vocational institute for aviation and in two aerodrome control tower units.FindingsThe trainers used five different instructional strategies with which they guided and controlled the trainees' actions. In simulator training, learning was structured as a process through which the procedural knowledge possessed by the expert controllers was transferred to the trainees through interventions such as orders, test questions and additions. As the trainees progressed to the on‐the‐job training phase, interaction evolved from being trainer‐driven to trainer‐guided. The trainees' performance was fine‐tuned and guided towards local practices of particular work position by means of instructions and information deliveries.Practical implicationsThe simulator training and on‐the‐job training appear as two distinctive forms of vocational training with their own aims. In order to improve the quality of the training, it is suggested that greater attention should be given to the ways in which these two separate areas of learning could be better reconciled.Originality/valueThis ethnomethodological study on training interaction complements the understanding of instructional strategies used at different stages of air traffic control training. It is proposed that research into the local and social production of training interaction can shed useful light on the complexities of workplace learning and training interaction, providing a novel perspective for those engaged in practice of vocational education.
Lifelong learning through SMEs: exploring workplace learning in the UK
Authors: Ahlgren Linda , Engel Laura C. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe primary objective in this paper is to examine the role of small‐ to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in promoting and/or hindering educational opportunities to adult employees in the UK.Design/methodology/approachThe paper draws on 12 case studies of SMEs in England and Scotland, which form part of a larger European Sixth Framework Programme research project. Interviews were conducted with employers, line managers and employees participating in formal educational programmes, and were contextualized with policy documents and literature on lifelong learning and workplace education.FindingsThis paper highlights and explores findings related to human resource management (HRM) and the participation of employees in formal education, and the experiences of companies in providing educational opportunities to employees in England and Scotland. The paper argues that employers have a key role to play in driving and investing in employee training and development. However, the current focus of employers on formal educational opportunities appears narrowly focused on job‐specific, in‐house training.Originality/valueThe paper's value lies in its illustration of the restricted focus of the lifelong learning policy agenda on the development of human capital, which not only limits the development of portable skills and qualifications for employees, but also undermines the broader aims of lifelong learning.
Interactive knowledge management: putting pragmatic policy planning in place
Authors: Labedz Chester S. , Cavaleri Steven A. , Berry Gregory R. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to critically examine through a knowledge management lens the existing “art” of public policy making, suggesting instead an approach intended to improve knowledge processes and reduce unintended injurious consequences of legislating.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on pragmatic philosophy and limited government precedents, the authors identify and recommend the implementation of a prospective legislative impact statement requirement by and for the U.S. Congress. They suggest the development and the potential KM utility of the PLIS based on a brief case study of the 2009 American “cash for clunkers” incentive program.FindingsThe authors conclude that development and application of such prospective legislative impact statements is feasible and that they may support the statement and testing of dynamic hypotheses relating to the prospective effects of policies under government consideration.Research limitations/implicationsPragmatic knowledge‐based scholarship is extended by integrating system dynamics and adaptive management approaches, and it acquires prominent governance relevance through this research.Practical implicationsRigorous integrative government consideration of pending legislation, and ongoing assessment of consequences of enacted laws, could be systematized under this proposal.Social implicationsPLIS requirement extends knowledge process over the legislating process, thereby tempering current “legislative art” practices and wisely benefiting the polity.Originality/valueThis paper offers a practical solution to a wicked KM problem: improving the quality of knowledge in non‐hierarchical policy‐making groups, especially those in government.
Money laundering laws and principles of Shari'ah: dancing to the same beat?
Authors: Faridah Abdul Jabbar Siti 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the criminalisation of money laundering, corporate criminal liability for money laundering, equitable liability of professional intermediaries for money laundering and defence of disclosure from the perspective of Shari'ah.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is to interpret and analogise the injunctions in the primary sources of Shari'ah, namely the Qur'an and Sunnah.FindingsIn Islam, money laundering can be classified as a criminal offence of ta'zir, corporations cannot be made criminally liable for money laundering, professional intermediaries can be made equitably liable for money laundering and defence of disclosure is acceptable.Practical implicationsMoney laundering laws can be adopted with some modifications by Muslim jurisdictions where Shari'ah is the principal source of law.Originality/valueThe paper presents novel insights into the compatibility of money laundering laws with the principles of Shari'ah.
Mapping “infected” real estate property
Authors: Ritzen Luuk 
Published: July 2011

PurposeIn 2009, the research team of Unger and Nelen was requested to study the scale of entwinement between money laundering activities and the Dutch real estate sector. For this, the team developed a data mining framework to detect real estate property at risk of being part of a money laundering scheme. Part of this study involved a criminological testing of the developed framework which resulted in the statement that improvements and alterations are necessary to increase the framework's validity and reliability. This paper aims to review this framework and generate refinements.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is concerned with a review – on the basis of data mining theory – with respect to the original framework in order to generate refinements for a future model.FindingsIn general, three major shortcomings were identified, being: the use of unspecified detection clusters; the theoretical nature of some of the risk indicators in combination with data integrity issues; and the use of speculative/arbitrary risk indicators.Originality/valueAddressing these shortcomings in a future data mining framework will very likely increase its effectiveness and so, increase the ability of law enforcement agencies to counter money laundering activities more effectively and efficiently.
Enforcement of prudential standards in Turkish banking law
Authors: Cetin Nusret 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe success of banking regulations depends on their effective and efficient enforcement. Therefore, the penalties or sanctions for failures to comply with prudential regulatory requirements shall clearly be specified in the law. The aim of this paper is to describe and discuss the enforcement of prudential regulations in Turkish banking law.Design/methodology/approachThe paper explains the necessity of the prudential standards in banking regulation and their enforcement, and elaborates the Turkish Banking Act to analyze the sanctions provided for the enforcement of prudential requirements.FindingsThe Turkish Banking Act comprises many of the contemporary prudential standards for banks. It also establishes an effective sanctioning regime to ensure the implementation of these standards. The sanctions in the Banking Act can be broadly classified as institutional and personal sanctions. Institutional sanctions consist of three categories: prompt corrective actions, revocation of license and closure, and financial penalties. Personal sanctions, on the other hand, comprise management overhaul and loss of job, temporary prohibition from employment in the banking sector, financial penalties, criminal liability, and civil liability of managers and controlling shareholders.Originality/valueThis paper systematically analyzes enforcement of prudential standards in Turkish banking law, and aims to introduce the Turkish system to international scholars.
The role of the human resources department in budgeting: evidence from Greece
Authors: Cohen Sandra , Karatzimas Sotiris 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the involvement of the human resources (HR) department throughout the budgeting process and furthermore to investigate the use of budgets for motivation, communication, performance evaluation and control in the Greek business environment, from the perspective of the HR department managers.Design/methodology/approachEmpirical evidence is based on the responses received from HR department managers in 100 Greek companies with a distinct HR department to a structured questionnaire.FindingsResults suggest that the HR department has limited involvement in the budgeting procedures, which in turn could explain the limited use of budgets as a means of performance evaluation and communication from a HR management perspective. Nevertheless, both the size of the HR department and the number of employees have a positive effect on the HR management and budgeting interaction. The survey presented in this paper provides corroborative evidence that HR departments in Greece do not fully exploit the wide potential offered through budgeting as a means to achieve their goals.Originality/valueThe study contributes to the literature by analyzing the responses of HR department managers and their views towards the budgeting function from a HR management perspective in Greek companies.
Enabling collaborative innovation – knowledge protection for knowledge sharing
Authors: Hurmelinna‐Laukkanen Pia 
Published: July 2011

PurposeCollaboration for research and development (R&D) and innovation among various organizations can be beneficial and in some cases even imperative, but in order to realise the potential, effective management is required. Effective innovation requires firms to share their core knowledge, and simultaneously make sure that they will not lose their core knowledge and future competitive advantage. In line with this, this study aims to clarify the role of knowledge protection in relation to collaborative innovation endeavours.Design/methodology/approachThis study approaches the knowledge protection and knowledge sharing issues through a literature review and subsequent empirical analysis of 242 Finnish companies.FindingsThe results indicate that when a firm has put effort in getting strong protection at its disposal, sharing knowledge with varying partners is more likely, which, in turn, improves innovation performance of the firm. It is not just about the strength of protection, but also – and even more importantly – using it efficiently that counts.Research limitations/implicationsThe data are collected from one country only, with its specific features, and thus further research might reveal more on the studied phenomenon. Also utilising more detailed measures might reveal more.Practical implicationsThis study augments both theoretical and managerial perspectives as it discusses a variety of protection mechanisms. In particular, it offers managers a new way of approaching the means of knowledge protection for innovation‐related collaboration.Originality/valueThis study shows that a wide range of knowledge protection mechanisms can be relied on, and that strategic use of these mechanisms improves knowledge sharing and innovation performance.
Being without existing: the futures community at a turning point? A comment on Jay Ogilvy's “Facing the fold”
Authors: Miller Riel 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to put the paper by Jay Ogilvy in the context of current debates around the philosophical foundations of future studies.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a review and analyzes the current literature on foresight and philosophy of the future.FindingsThe paper finds that the practical challenge of taking a “scenaric stance”, as articulated in “Facing the fold”, cannot be addressed without going beyond the typically epistemological solutions proposed by most futurists.Research limitations/implicationsThe challenge is not finding ways to “know” the future, rather to find ways to live and act with not‐knowing the future.Practical implicationsThe “scenaric stance” points to a way of embracing what Henri Bergson calls “the continuous creation of unforeseeable novelty.”Social implicationsThe “scenaric stance” offers one way of addressing the difficult, often deeply painful challenge of reconciling the desire for certainty with the desire to “be free” – in the Senian sense of capacity – by providing a way to embrace ambiguity and spontaneity.Originality/valueThe emergence of new solutions to how people think about the future rather than what kind of future reflects a confluence of events in the realms of theory and practice. The reason why one needs to and can rethink how one thinks about the future is original to the present conjuncture.
The uses and limits of visionary scenarios: learning from the African experience
Authors: Gordon Adam 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThere has been no shortage of rosy visions for the future of Africa or its regions. Almost without exception, these visions have been dashed by reality. The question therefore arises: “To what extent or under what conditions is visioning an ideal future a worthy exercise?” or “Under what conditions is it useful and when is it limiting?” In anticipating the future in general, and seeking a better future for Africa in particular, might foresight tools built on another (non‐visionary) basis provide better fruit? This paper aims to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachThe paper considers this question as it applies to scenario planning in particular, by investigating recent, contrasting case studies of scenario‐building activities in Africa (Tanzania and South Africa).FindingsThe paper determines the appropriate uses and limits of “visionary” scenario planning, and suggests a contrasting “adaptive” basis for scenario work.Originality/valueIt is argued that maintaining the purpose‐platform distinction between these two modes is fundamental to getting full value out of scenario work in general, and in the African context in particular. The contrasting case studies explain how and why the adaptive‐normative distinction is important; how different purposes each demand different use of the scenario process tools that currently exist, and show why failure to fit scenario approaches to purpose greatly diminishes the efficacy of the method for either purpose.
Evaluating the Kindle DX e‐book reader: results from Amazon.com customer reviews
Authors: Qian Jun 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate initial user perceptions and use of Amazon's Kindle DX e‐book reader.Design/methodology/approachThe web crawler software LocoySpider was first applied to extract the Kindle DX customer reviews from Amazon web site, then 100 records randomly selected from the 1,358 customer reviews were analyzed with QSR NVIVO 8 software to code the pros and cons of the Kindle DX.FindingsData analysis indicates that Kindle DX is a great e‐book device. However, customers expressed their requirements for the next generation Kindle e‐book reader.Originality/valueThis is one of the first research papers of its kind to collect customer reviews of the Amazon Kindle DX with web crawler software and use NVivo 8 qualitative data analysis software to explore user perceptions of the Kindle DX e‐book reader.
Construction and valuation of intellectual capital: a case study
Authors: Giuliani Marco , Marasca Stefano 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe aim of this study is to reflect on how the specific nature of intellectual capital influences the valuation process, in practice, and how it impacts on some of the qualities of its value.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a case study (“Ankon”) developed by adopting a modest interventionist approach.FindingsThis study highlights the relevance of the intellectual capital valuation process in spite of the intellectual capital value per se. In fact, while intellectual capital value seems to present a limited level of objectivity, consistency, comparability and understandability, its valuation process can be considered an opportunity to visualise and understand intellectual capital and its influence on financial performance. In other words, intellectual capital valuation can be considered as a practice useful to crave the attention of the managers on intellectual capital in action.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitations of this study are related to the particular research methodology adopted (action research case study) and to the size of the case investigated.Practical implicationsThe findings provided by this research should be useful to those interested in studying intellectual capital in action and in developing new valuation models or refining existing models. Finally, considering that some of the limitations of intellectual capital value can be related to the absence of generally accepted valuation guidelines (e.g. the absence of a common definition, a single process, etc.), this can represent an incentive for policy makers to draw up useful rules to make intellectual capital value more understandable for an outsider and to identify managerial best practices.Originality/valueIn comparison with previous studies on intellectual capital valuation, this one focuses on an in vivo intellectual capital valuation process. In addition, this research stresses the specificities and criticalities that emerge from a process perspective in which intellectual capital is considered as a conventional object. Moreover, this paper enriches the previous critical discussions on intellectual capital measurement focusing on intellectual capital financial value.
A comparative study of buildability perspectives between clients, consultants and contractors
Authors: Lam Patrick T.I. , Wong Franky W.H. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to highlight the similarities and differences in the buildability perspectives held by the client and the design team (collectively known as the design decision‐making group) and the contractor (known as the execution group).Design/methodology/approachBuildability attributes were identified through a questionnaire survey, followed by factor analysis to consolidate them into nine buildability factors. These were then presented to 31 construction experts (comprising clients, consultants and contractors), who ranked the buildability factors in association with common construction systems using the analytical hierarchy process.FindingsWhilst the consensus was on “enabling design requirements to be easily visualised and co‐ordinated by site staff” to make designs buildable, clients and design teams differed from contractors in perspectives such as overcoming site restrictions, achieving standardisation and flexibility. When applied to construction systems, clients and design teams ranked precast systems higher than contractors, who favoured in situ systems.Research limitations/implicationsSince the research was conducted in Hong Kong, the interpretation of the findings should be based on this contextual background as described in the paper.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the common and different perspectives of the design decision‐making group and the execution group in evaluating buildability and the reasons underlying their decisions. It paves the way for meaningful benchmarking of an important attribute affecting all construction stakeholders. The results form part of the development of a Buildability Assessment Model for use in Hong Kong, which is a useful tool for benchmarking buildability of designs, as in other countries (e.g. Singapore) which see the benefits of this important attribute on project performance.