bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blood gas and acid‐base analysis of arterial blood in 57 newborn calves
Authors: Bleul U. , Lejeune B. , Schwantag S. , Kähn W. 
Published: October 2010

The pH, partial pressure of oxygen (pO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), concentration of bicarbonate (HCO− 3), base excess and oxygen saturation (SO2) were measured in venous and arterial blood from 57 newborn calves from 55 dams. Blood samples were collected immediately after birth and 30 minutes, four, 12 and 24 hours later from a jugular vein and a caudal auricular artery. The mean (sd) pO2 and SO2 of arterial blood increased from 45·31 (16·02) mmHg and 64·16 (20·82) per cent at birth to a maximum of 71·89 (8·32) mmHg and 92·81 (2·32) per cent 12 hours after birth, respectively. During the same period, the arterial pCO2 decreased from 57·31 (4·98) mmHg to 43·74 (4·75) mmHg. The correlation coefficients for arterial and venous blood were r=0·86 for pH, r=0·85 for base excess and r=0·76 for HCO− 3. The calves with a venous blood pH of less than 7·2 immediately after birth had significantly lower base excess and HCO− 3 concentrations for 30 minutes after birth than the calves with a venous blood pH of 7·2 or higher. In contrast, the arterial pO2 was higher in the calves with a blood pH of less than 7·2 than in those with a higher pH for 30 minutes after birth.
Radiographic assessment of the progression of osteoarthrosis in the contralateral stifle joint of dogs with a ruptured cranial cruciate ligament
Authors: de Bruin T. , de Rooster H. , Bosmans T. , Duchateau L. , van Bree H. , Gielen I. 
Published: October 2010

The formation and progression of osteoarthrosis in the unaffected contralateral stifle joints of 14 dogs with a unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture were monitored radiographically in terms of a global score and the scores for 10 parameters specific for the stifle joint. The dogs were examined initially and six and 12 months later by three observers, and the variability between the observers' scores was also assessed. The score for osteophytes at the tibial attachment site of the ligament was the most reliable parameter, and that for the increase in femoropatellar joint space was the least reliable. In the contralateral stifle joints there were significant increases after six and 12 months in osteophyte formation caudal to the tibial plateau, and in subchondral sclerosis of the tibial plateau and of the long digital extensor muscle groove. These three parameters progressed more regularly during the disease process than the other parameters. The global osteoarthrosis score of the contralateral stifle joint was an important risk factor for sustaining a rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament in that joint during the next six months.
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in the uk
Authors: Foster A. P. , Houlihan M. G. , Holmes J. P. , Watt E. J. , Higgins R. J. , Errington J. , Ibata G. , Wakeley P. R. 
Published: October 2010

Three alpacas (Vicugna pacos) aged two to 22 months with a history of illthrift and diarrhoea were examined postmortem, and tissues were collected for histology, including immunohistochemical labelling for pestivirus antigen, virus isolation and TaqMan reverse transcriptase‐pcr assay. Blood samples from two clinical cases and the remaining herd members were tested for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antibody by serum neutralisation, antigen detection and pcr assay. The three affected alpacas were positive for bvdv by pcr of splenic tissue and/or heparinised blood. Non‐cytopathic bvdv was isolated from several tissues and plasma of two of the alpacas. dna sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the viral genome from the pcr product showed that the bvdv was of subgenotype 1b. Immunohistochemical examination of brain tissue was positive in two cases, consistent with a persistent infection. bvdv antibodies were detected in 16 of 25 clinically unaffected alpacas. There was no evidence of persistent infection in the in‐contact animals. The source of the infection was not determined.
Changes in abdominal dimensions during late gestation and early lactation in Holstein‐Friesian heifers and cows and their relationship to left displaced abomasum
Authors: Wittek T. , Sen I. , Constable P. D. 
Published: October 2010

The changes in abdominal dimensions and contour during late gestation and early lactation were investigated in 44 Holstein‐Friesian cattle, 20 normal heifers and 17 normal cows, and seven cows that had a left displaced abomasum (lda) surgically corrected by a right flank omentopexy in a previous lactation. Abdominal measurements were made eight times during the six months spanning the last trimester of pregnancy and the first three months of lactation, they included the circumference of the thorax and abdomen, the depth and width of the abdomen, the vertical distance between the ventral abdomen and the descending duodenum, the height at the withers, and the length of the trunk. There were significant changes in these dimensions during the last trimester of pregnancy, immediately after parturition and during the first three months of lactation. The depth of the abdomen and the vertical distance between the ventral abdomen and the descending duodenum were greater in the cows with a previous history of lda than in those without.
Recovery characteristics following maintenance of anaesthesia with sevoflurane or isoflurane in dogs premedicated with acepromazine
Authors: Love E. J. , Holt P. E. , Murison P. J. 
Published: October 2010

A standard anaesthetic protocol was used to anaesthetise 40 dogs for intravenous urography and a retrograde urethrogram or vaginourethrogram. The dogs were allocated by blocked randomisation to receive either isoflurane or sevoflurane for maintenance of anaesthesia after they had been premedicated with acepromazine and pethidine, and anaesthesia induced with propofol. An observer who was unaware of which agent had been used assessed ataxia 30 and 60 minutes after discontinuation of administration of the anaesthetic and assigned an overall recovery score. No complications occurred during anaesthesia of either group of dogs. The scores for ataxia were significantly lower after 60 minutes than after 30 minutes, but there was no significant difference between the groups. The quality of recovery was significantly better in the dogs that received sevoflurane than in those that received isoflurane, but the recovery times were similar.
Two outbreaks of classical swine fever in wild boar in France
Authors: Pol F. , Rossi S. , Mesplède A. , Kuntz‐Simon G. , Le Potier M‐F. 
Published: October 2010

In 2002 and 2003, two successive outbreaks of classical swine fever were declared in wild boar in northern France. The first was in Moselle, near the town of Thionville and the border with Luxembourg, and the second was in the northern Vosges area, near the German border. The outbreaks were investigated by serological and virological diagnosis of dead or shot animals. Hunting restrictions were applied to limit the spread of the outbreaks. The virus was detected eight times between April and July 2002 in the Thionville area, an area well delimited by natural or artificial barriers such as rivers or highways. Cooperation between the authorities concerned was good, and hunting restrictions were applied for one year. No virus was detected after July 2002 and the Thionville outbreak was officially considered over in March 2005. In the northern Vosges the situation was different, with no barriers to animal movements, continuous forest, difficulties in establishing hunting restrictions in this huge area, and the circulation of the virus in Germany close to the frontier. Virus of a different strain from that isolated in the Thionville outbreak was still being isolated in the northern Vosges in 2004, and owing to the failure of the hunting restrictions, the French health authorities decided to vaccinate wild boar.
Tyzzer's disease in a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Scotland
Authors: Simpson V. R. , Hargreaves J. , Birtles R. J. , Marsden H. , Williams D. L. 
Published: October 2010

A Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) cub found in weak condition on the Isle of Harris, Scotland, developed bilateral corneal oedema 16 days after being admitted to a rehabilitation centre. It died unexpectedly on day 26. On postmortem examination, there was excess clear fluid in the body cavities and the liver was swollen with numerous pale focal lesions and petechial haemorrhages throughout. Histopathological examination revealed bundles of bacilli morphologically typical of Clostridium piliforme within hepatocytes. Comparative analysis of the nucleotide base sequence of a 16S rdna fragment amplified from the infected liver tissue revealed that it was identical to a C piliforme 16S rdna sequence. The possibility of concurrent infection with canine adenovirus type 1 was considered but none of the characteristic histopathological lesions was observed and examination of the liver by transmission electron microscopy was negative for virus particles. This appears to be the first record of Tyzzer's disease in an otter and the first in a wild animal in Britain.
Ultrasonographic evaluation of reticular motility during rest, eating, rumination and stress in 30 healthy cows
Authors: Braun U. , Rauch S. 
Published: October 2010

A 3·5 MHz linear transducer was used to assess the motility of the reticulum in 30 healthy, standing, non‐sedated cows while they were at rest, eating, ruminating and under stress. The ultrasonographic examinations were made over periods of nine minutes and video recorded for analysis. The reticulum contracted in a biphasic pattern while the cows were resting, eating or stressed. The first contraction was incomplete and was followed by a period of incomplete relaxation. A complete second contraction occurred immediately afterwards, followed by an interval of complete relaxation and the return of the organ to its original position. When the cows were ruminating, a regurgitation contraction, which was incomplete, occurred immediately before the biphasic contraction. The number of reticular contractions in a nine‐minute period was largest when the cows were eating (13·9 contractions, or approximately 1·5 per minute) and smallest when they were stressed (9·3 contractions, or approximately 1 per minute). The duration of the first reticular contraction was shortest during rumination (2·4 seconds) and longest when the cows were eating (3·0 seconds). The interval between two biphasic contractions was shortest when the cows were eating (31·6 seconds) and longest when they were stressed (53·8 seconds).
Characterisation of Brucella abortus biovar 3 isolates from Turkey as biovar 3b
Authors: Ica T. , Aydin F. , Erdenlig S. , Guler L. , Büyükcangaz E. 
Published: October 2010

Between 2002 and 2007, 75 strains of Brucella abortus were isolated from aborted bovine fetuses collected from several regions of Turkey. The isolates were all identified as B abortus biovar 3 by conventional methods. However, when they were analysed by enhanced amos‐ery pcr, a 5·4 kb deletion, different from that in the Tulya strain (B abortus biovar 3, atcc 23450), was identified in all of them. As a result, they were subtyped as B abortus biovar 3b.
Suspected adverse reactions, 2007
Authors: Dyer F. , Spagnuolo‐Weaver M. , Cooles S. , Tait A. 
Published: October 2010

Reports to the uk Suspected Adverse Reaction Surveillance Scheme (sarss) in 2007 increase by around 20 per cent compared with 2006
Reports of dogs accidentally ingesting veterinary medicinal products containing avermectins formulated for use in farm animals or horses
An increase in the number of reports involving fly strike in sheep and myxomatosis in rabbits associated with a suspected lack of efficacy of veterinary medicinal products
Serious hand injuries reported after accidental self‐injection
— These are some of the results of the sarss in 2007, as discussed in the following article by Fabia Dyer, Martha Spagnuolo‐Weaver, Sue Cooles and Alex Tait of the Veterinary Medicines Directorate
Efficacy of dog‐appeasing pheromone in reducing stress associated with social isolation in newly adopted puppies
Authors: Gaultier E. , Bonnafous L. , Vienet‐Legué D , Falewee C. , Bougrat L. , Lafont‐Lecuelle C. , Pageat P. 
Published: October 2010

This study was designed to determine the potential value of dog‐appeasing pheromone (dap) in reducing stress in puppies newly adopted from a pet shop. The trial was triple‐blinded and placebo‐controlled. After their arrival at the pet shop, 32 puppies were fitted with a dap collar and 34 were fitted with a control collar, according to a randomisation protocol. Adopting owners were contacted by telephone, three and 15 days after they had adopted a puppy, to obtain information about the puppy's integration into the family, and particularly about any signs of distress shown by the puppy when it was socially isolated. All the isolated puppies from the control group vocalised during the first night. Signs of distress, particularly vocalisation, were significantly lower in the dap group on day 3 and throughout the rest of the study, and vocalisation during the night ceased significantly sooner in this group. These differences were observed in puppies of small, medium and large breeds. The dap collars had no effect on the incidence of house soiling.
Clinical and laboratory investigations of the outbreaks of foot‐and‐mouth disease in southern England in 2007
Authors: Ryan E. , Gloster J. , Reid S. M. , Li Y. , Ferris N. P. , Waters R. , Juleff N. , Charleston B. , Bankowski B. , Gubbins S. , Wilesmith J. W. , King D. P. , Paton D. J. 
Published: October 2010

A case of foot‐and‐mouth disease (fmd) on a cattle farm in Normandy, Surrey, was confirmed on Friday August 3, 2007, the first case in the uk since 2001. The infection was detected nearby on a second farm on August 6. On September 12, fmd was confirmed on a farm approximately 20 km from Normandy in Egham, and this was followed by cases on five more farms in that area in the next three weeks. The majority of the infected farms consisted of multiple beef cattle holdings in semi‐urban areas. In total, 1578 animals were culled on the infected farms, and fmd virus infection was confirmed in 278 of them by the detection of viral antigen, genome or antibodies to the virus, or by clinical signs. This paper describes the findings from animal inspections on the infected farms, including the estimated ages of the fmd lesions and the numbers of animals infected. It also summarises the test results from samples taken for investigation, including the detection of preclinically viraemic animals by using real‐time reverse transcriptase‐pcr.
Effect of intravenous calcium borogluconate and sodium phosphate in cows with parturient paresis
Authors: Braun U. , Zulliger P. , Liesegang A. , Bleul U. , Hässig M. 
Published: October 2010

Thirty cows with parturient paresis were divided into three groups of 10. All the cows were given 500 ml of a 40 per cent calcium borogluconate solution intravenously over a period of 10 minutes, and 20were also given 500 ml of a 10 per cent solution of sodium phosphate intravenously; in 10 of the cows this solution was administered over a period of 10 minutes immediately after the calcium borogluconate solution, and in the other 10 cows 200 ml of the solution was administered rapidly and the remaining 300 ml was added to 10 litres of sodium chloride and glucose solution and infused slowly over six hours. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to the outcome of the treatments; six or seven of the cows in each group stood within eight hours of the treatment. There were no significant differences between the changes in serum calcium concentrations among the groups. The mean concentrations of inorganic phosphorus in the groups given sodium phosphate were increased above the normal range initially, but after eight hours there were no significant differences between the groups in terms of the numbers of cows that were hypophosphataemic. There were no significant differences between the three groups with respect to changes after treatment in the serum concentrations of magnesium or parathyroid hormone.
Analgesia for cats after ovariohysterectomy with either buprenorphine or carprofen alone or in combination
Authors: Steagall P. V. M. , Taylor P. M. , Rodrigues L. C. C. , Ferreira T. H. , Minto B. W. , Aguiar A. J. A. 
Published: October 2010

Eighty‐four female cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy in a blinded, randomised, prospective clinical study were assigned to one of three groups of 28 to receive either 0.01 mg/kg buprenorphine (group B), 4 mg/ kg carprofen (group C), or the same doses of both drugs (group BC). A dynamic and interactive visual analogue scale (DIVAS) from 0 to 100 mm, and a simple descriptive scale (SDS) from 0 to 4 were used to evaluate the cats’ degree of analgesia and sedation for 24 hours postoperatively. There was no significant difference in the cats’ sedation scores by SDS or DIVAS, and no difference in their pain scores by DIVAS. By SDS, the cats in group BC had significantly lower pain scores than the cats in group C (P<0.001) and group B (P<0.05). Nine of the cats in group B, nine in group C and five in group BC required rescue analgesia, and the cats in group C required rescue earlier than those in group B (P<0.05).
Variability of Manson and Leaver locomotion scores assigned to dairy cows by different observers
Authors: Channon A. J. , Walker A. M. , Pfau T. , Sheldon I. M. , Wilson A. M. 
Published: October 2010

The gait scoring system developed by Manson and Leaver was used by five experienced observers to assess the gait of 83 milking Holstein‐Friesian cows in a live recording session, and video recordings were made. The agreement between the scores of the observers at the live session, and between each observer’s scores at the live session and a video session, were compared at three levels of stringency. The scores of the observers were highly variable at all but the least stringent threshold – whether a cow had a score of less than 3 or 3 or more, that is, whether it was not lame or lame.
Histological assessment of testicular residues in lambs and calves after Burdizzo castration
Authors: Stoffel M. H. , von Rotz A. , Kocher M. , Merkli M. , Boesch D. , Steiner A. 
Published: October 2010

To assess the reliability of the Burdizzo procedure for castrating calves and lambs, testicular tissue from 63 bull calves (15 intact and 48 castrated) and 69 male lambs (35 intact and 34 castrated) was collected at slaughter and assessed histologically. The bull calves were castrated at either one, four to five or 12 to 16 weeks of age and the lambs at either one or 10 weeks. There was clear evidence of spermatogenesis in testicular tissue from all the intact animals. In the samples from the calves that had been castrated at 12 to 16 weeks functional testicular tissue was completely lacking. However, there was evidence of spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in the calves that had been castrated at one week or four to five weeks, respectively. Failure to achieve complete involution of the testicular parenchyma was observed in the majority of lambs, irrespective of the age at which they had been castrated.
First cases of squirrelpox in red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in Scotland
Authors: McInnes C. J. , Coulter L. , Dagleish M. P. , Fiegna C. , Gilray J. , Willoughby K. , Cole M. , Milne E. , Meredith A. , Everest D. J. , MacMaster A‐M. 
Published: October 2010

Squirrelpox, caused by a poxvirus, is a major threat to the remaining UK red squirrel population. The spread of antibody‐positive grey squirrels has been monitored in the UK for the past decade. In 2005 grey squirrels that had been exposed to the virus appeared in the south of Scotland for the first time, followed approximately two years later by the appearance of squirrelpox disease in the local red squirrels. Four squirrels were examined. They all had gross external lesions and histological lesions typical of squirrelpox disease, but no significant internal lesions. The diagnosis was confirmed by PCR, electron microscopy and serology.
Risk factors for infection with highly pathogenic influenza A virus (H5N1) in commercial chickens in Bangladesh
Authors: Biswas P. K. , Christensen J. P. , Ahmed S. S. U. , Barua H. , Das A. , Rahman M. H. , Giasuddin M. , Hannan A. S. M. A. , Habib A. M. , Debnath N. C. 
Published: October 2010

A matched case‐control study was carried out to identify risk factors for highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus (subtype H5N1) infection in commercial chickens in Bangladesh. A total of 33 commercial farms diagnosed with H5N1 before September 9, 2007, were enrolled as cases, and 99 geographically matched unaffected farms were enrolled as control farms. Farm data were collected using a pretested questionnaire, and analysed by matched‐pair analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression. Two factors independently and positively associated with H5N1 infection remained in the final model. They were ‘farm accessible to feral and wild animals’ (odds ratio [OR] 5.71, 95 per cent confidence interval [CI] 1.81 to 18.0, P=0.003) and ‘footbath at entry to farm/shed’ (OR 4.93, 95 per cent CI 1.61 to 15.1, P=0.005). The use of a designated vehicle for sending eggs to a vendor or market appeared to be a protective factor (OR 0.14, 95 per cent CI 0.02 to 0.88, P=0.036).
Treatment of fibroadenomatosis in 14 cats with aglepristone – changes in blood parameters and follow‐up
Authors: Jurka P. , Max A. 
Published: October 2010

Fourteen female cats with fibroadenomatosis were treated with aglepristone, and the effectiveness of the treatment and its effect on selected haematological and blood chemistry parameters were studied. The cats were monitored for 12 months after the end of the treatment. Complete remission of the clinical signs was achieved on average 3·9 weeks after the treatment began; the success of the treatment confirmed the clinical diagnosis of fibroadenomatosis. During the course of the treatment the cats’ haematological parameters returned to normal. In cats that had previously been treated with longacting medroxyprogesterone acetate, treatment with aglepristone for five weeks was recommended. Cases of fibroadenomatosis reappearing after a few months should be regarded as new disease rather than a relapse. Six cats were subsequently mated and four gave birth to one or more litters; all the pregnancies proceeded normally with no clinically evident fibroadenomatosis. The other eight cats underwent ovariohysterectomy soon after the aglepristone treatment was completed.
Homeopathic prescribing for chronic conditions in equine veterinary practice in the UK
Authors: Mathie R. T. , Baitson E. S. , Hansen L. , Elliott M. F. , Hoare J. 
Published: October 2010

Twelve Faculty of Homeopathy veterinarians recorded data systematically at 777 consecutive homeopathic appointments for horses over a period of 12 months. A spreadsheet enabled the recording of information, which included the date of appointment; horse and owner identity (anonymised); sex of horse; main medical problem treated; whether the condition was chronic or acute; whether the appointment was new or a follow‐up; owner‐assessed clinical outcome on a seven‐point scale, ranging from ‐3 to +3, compared with the first appointment; homeopathic medicine(s) prescribed; and whether any conventional or other complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) was being used concurrently to treat the condition. Data from 289 horses comprised a total of 305 individual conditions identified as chronic in nature, of which 234 had a follow‐up assessment. At the final appointment for chronic cases during the study period, 4.3 per cent were receiving conventional medication and 17.1 per cent were being given another CAM treatment in addition to homeopathy. The eight chronic conditions most frequently treated with homeopathy were: arthritis, headshaking, laminitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sweet itch, dermatitis, sarcoidosis and Cushing's syndrome.