bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of metamorphoses from desk to E-commute – an acumen of professionals: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Patnaik Asmita , Behera Tapas R. , Pradhan Srabani , Mohapatra Debjyoti , Mohanty Smaraki 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The deadly pandemic COVID-19 has brought the world to a standstill. Due to worldwide lockdown, economy was severely compromised. Everyone was in fear of the consequences that would be faced. Many unprecedented changes happened because of this pandemic. People confined themselves at home to maintain social distancing and mitigation of risk factors. This posed many challenges to the individuals or work force with, and many times the work was compromised.

Objectives:
To explore the current and changes in work pattern and to assess the overall quality of life of professionals working from home.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted by circulating a structured questionnaire through online platform. A snowball sampling method was adopted. Totally, 520 respondents participated in this study.

Results:
Out of 520 participants, males accounted for 57.9% and 41.3% were females. Majority (45.8% males and 40.9% females) were engaged in the software or IT companies. A higher proportion of males were engaged in administration (6%), architecture (10%) and transportation (5.3%) sector, whereas more females were engaged in finance (10.7%) and law (3.3%) sector. 73.1% males worked for more than 12 hours a day in contrast to only 26.9% of females. As the working hours are reducing, the overall quality of life of the participants was increasing significantly with P = 0.008. For those with moderately increased work-life balance, near about half of the participants had overall quality of life between 50 and 75% (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
In order to increase efficiency at work place, definite laws should be in place to protect the mental as well as overall well-being of professionals working from home. Elaborative research in this field is required in order to generalize the results.
Spatial auto-correlation and endemicity pattern analysis of crimes against children in Tamil Nadu from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Debata Ipsita , Panda Prem Sagar , Karthikeyan E , Tejas J , Shruthi K , Kumar V Siva , Thirunavukkarasu D 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
A child is a nation’s supreme asset and future. India homes 444 million children, aged between 0 and 18 years, contributing to 19% of the world’s children. Crime against children is detrimental to their mental and physical health and affects their growth and development. The National Crime Record Bureau recently reported that a crime targeting children happens every 4 minutes. There is a paucity of literature regarding the burden of crime against children. To understand the magnitude and spatial distribution of crime against children, a retrospective surveillance study was conducted in the state of Tamil Nadu, India, from 2017 to 2021.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional analytical type of study conducted in KIMSRC, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu. The data from the yearly crime review bulletin of Tamil Nadu from 2017 to 2021 were cleaned, transformed, and analyzed using Python v3.8 and subjected to geospatial auto-correlation and hotspot analysis using the Getis-Ord Gi* in ArcGIS Pro v3.1. The endemicity pattern was studied through cluster analysis with Hierarchical Density Based Scanning in Python and visualization in ArcGIS pro v3.1 in the study area.

Results:
In Tamil Nadu, only one hotspot district in 2017 [Tiruppattur (95% confidence, P < 0.05)] and one hotspot in 2020 [Villupuram (90% confidence, P < 0.1)] were identified, with others being insignificant. The districts which show very high prevalence of crimes against children are Chennai, Ranipet, Chengalpattu, Viluppuram, Tiruvannamalai, Vellore, Tiruppattur, Krishnagiri, Dharmapuri, Salem, Cuddalore, Thanjavur, Tiruchirappalli, Karur, Tiruppur, Coimbatore, Dindigul, Pudukkottai, Sivaganga, Tenkasi, Thoothukkudi, Tirunelveli, and Kanniyakumari.

Conclusion:
This study identifies key areas within the state of Tamil Nadu which have a high prevalence of crimes against children and also areas that are hotspots for such crimes. Greater resources and measures can now be targeted toward these areas by stakeholders, which can help in the reduction of crimes against children.
Comparison of indirect cyanmethaemoglobin method and TrueHb haemometer point of care test with direct cyanmethaemoglobin (gold standard) method for strengthening anaemia detection at primary health care level
Authors: Khurana Rupinder , Aggarwal Arun Kumar , Thungapathra M. , Sagar Vivek 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The most reliable indicator for anaemia diagnosis at the population level is haemoglobin (Hb) estimation. The direct cyanmethaemoglobin method is considered the gold standard method for haemoglobin estimation. However, for resource constraint areas like primary health care (PHC) level, either blood samples are transported on filter paper for Hb testing (indirect cyanmethaemoglobin method) in laboratory or point of care testing is commonly used. Therefore, a comparative analysis of haemoglobin estimation of direct with indirect cyanmethaemoglobin method and also with TrueHb (Wrig Nanosystems Pvt. Ltd.) haemometer was done to strengthen anaemia diagnosis at the PHC level.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 90 participants above 9 years of age, who visited the outpatient department (OPD) of health centre, Kheri and gave consent were included. Comparative analysis was done between Hb concentration assessed by indirect cyanmethaemoglobin method and TrueHb haemometer device against the gold standard method.

Results:
The mean Hb value estimated by direct method, TrueHb haemometer and indirect methods (filter paper A, B and C) was 11.42 ± 1.59 g/dl, 11.52 ± 1.54 g/dl, 10.66 ± 1.52 g/dl, 9.84 ± 1.50 g/dl and 10.19 ± 1.62 g/dl, respectively. There was no significant difference found between the mean Hb concentration estimated by the direct method and the TrueHb haemometer device. However, there was a significant difference in mean Hb values between the direct method and the indirect method. Therefore, regression analysis was done to estimate the correction factor for the indirect method.

Conclusion:
TrueHb metre device gave promising results in comparison to the gold standard method and can be used if resource permits in PHC centres. Indirect methods of haemoglobin estimation can be an alternative in resource-constraint settings, specifically for surveys. However, further studies are required for the validation of the indirect method.
‘Seven Plus One’ a unique approach to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices for dengue prevention and control among frontline workers of a teaching institution in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand
Authors: Kumar Santosh , Mishra Ashutosh , Singh Dharanidhar 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Dengue which is an arboviral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquito, drastically affected communities worldwide. It has been showing consistently a rising trend in developing country like India.

Study Objectives:
To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAPs) related to the prevention and control of dengue fever (DF) among frontline staff members at a medical teaching institution in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand.

Materials and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical teaching institution in Rishikesh, Uttarakhand. Out of 830 frontline workers only 208 workers were recruited in a study by the simple random selection method. A semi-structured interview questionnaire was applied to assess the KAPs of participants. Attitude was assessed by four-point Likert scaling. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 23 for Windows.

Results:
A total of 208 participants were interviewed. Majority were male (70.2%) with the age group of 31 to 45 years (71.2%). Majority (50.5%) of participants were educated up to higher secondary and working as a security guard (78.8%). Most (72.6%) of the respondents said the rainy season was the most common outbreak season for dengue. Most (63.6%) of the participants were aware that dengue is transmitted by mosquitoes. The majority (49%) of participants strongly agreed that dengue is a fatal disease.

Conclusion:
There is an urgent need to prevent and control the epidemics of dengue by adoption of seven plus one model which contributes in reducing the overall burden in healthcare delivery system.
Effect of different endometrial preparation methods on pregnancy outcome of FET in women with a normal menstrual cycle
Authors: Guan Hui-Juan , Tang Huai-Yun , Li Hui , Song Hang , Zhao Jia-Hui , Song Jia , Zhang Shuai , Tang Li-Sha 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aims to explore the relationship between different endometrial preparations and pregnancy outcomes among patients with regular ovulatory cycles in order to find the best endometrial preparation methods in the freeze–thaw embryo transfer (FET) cycle.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study to investigate FET pregnancy outcomes in women who had a regular menstrual cycle, were younger than 35 years old, and underwent a modified natural cycle (mNC), ovulation induction (OI), or a hormone replacement treatment (HRT) cycle. A total of 1071 frozen cycles were included for analysis.

Results:
The implantation rate and live birth rate (LBR) in the OI group show a significant difference when compared to the mNC and HRT groups (P < 0.01). After adjusting for confounding factors, the logistic regression analysis revealed that the number of embryos transferred, the embryo stage, and quality were significantly associated with clinical pregnancy rate and LBR. The LBR was additionally affected by the mode of the endometrial preparation; the OI cycle could increase LBR.

Conclusions:
Endometrial preparation methods affect the LBR in women with a regular menstrual cycle. The OI cycle had an advantage in the LBR of FET.
Seroepidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and relationship to serum transaminase levels in Indian population
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Seema Kumari , Kumar Dinesh , Kumar Abhay , Sharma Ashok Kumar , Boipai Manju , Rani Aysha 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health issue that must be addressed.

Aim:
The goal of this study was to investigate the correlation between serological status for hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg)/anti-HBe, serum transaminase levels, and serum HBV-DNA in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods:
A retrospective observational study with 620 patients with persistent HBV infection (mean age, 36.35 years; 506 men) was conducted. All patients tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Liver profile, HBeAg, and anti-HBe antibody tests were conducted for all patients. Additionally, serum HBV DNA was examined using a DNA assay in these individuals.

Results:
Of 620 patients, 114 (18.39%) were HBeAg-positive and 506 (81.61%) HBeAg-negative. A detectable level of HBV DNA was found in 89.79% of HBeAg-positive/anti-HBe negative patients compared to HBeAg-negative/anti-HBe positive carriers 33.69% (P value <0.0001). The median viral load was significantly higher in HBeAg-positive cases (4.72 log10 copies/mL) than in HBeAg-negative individuals (4.23 log10 copies/mL; P = 0.997). Additionally, a higher proportion of HBeAg-positive samples (P = 0.0001) had HBV-DNA levels above 10,000 copies/mL.
A baseline cross-sectional study to assess patient satisfaction (18–60 years) toward Apli Chikitsa (free of cost medical laboratory tests) services provided at an urban health training center: A PPP model
Authors: Rawat Shalini , Sangam Rohan , Shelke Pallavi , Gokhe Seema S Bansode 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Assessing satisfaction with healthcare services is one of the cornerstone methods to evaluate success and identify obstacles during the process for the patients. Identifying crucial information helps in course correction and better healthcare delivery to the patients. Apli Chikitsa is a novel PPP model-based free of cost laboratory service made available to the patients by the municipal corporation. Around 150 blood tests are offered free of cost and through peripheral dispensaries to the patients. The present study was undertaken to assess the satisfaction of patients with the service and service-related aspects.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional observational urban health center-based study was undertaken to assess the satisfaction of patients toward the Apli Chikitsa laboratory service. Institutional ethics committee clearance was obtained before commencing the study. Four hundred patients availing of the laboratory services were enrolled by alternate sampling method. A semistructured questionnaire was administered; five-point Likert scale was used to assess satisfaction toward the service and related aspects. Results were summarized using tables and charts, and percentages and proportions were used wherever necessary. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel.

Results:
Among the study participants, overall satisfaction was observed among 71.25%, and 100% satisfaction was observed in relation to cost of service, maintenance of privacy and confidentiality, and getting all the requested tests done. The problem of overcrowding (96.75%) was observed by a majority. Satisfaction was low regarding the cleanliness of toilets (48.75%).

Conclusion:
Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the overall satisfaction is the Apli Chikitsa laboratory service is good, and it is a good model for replication for laboratory service delivery in peripheral areas away from tertiary care centers. Overcrowding should be managed, and cleanliness of toilets to done at frequent intervals, along with proper and visible use of signages, should be done to improve the satisfaction of the patients.
Prevalence and correlates of cognitive impairment among an urban geriatric population of Haryana
Authors: Kumar Neelam , Kumar Mukesh , Vinay  , Saha Arup , Rathee Manjeet , Jyotsana  , Singh Tarun 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Severe Cognitive Impairment (CI) is a major cause of disability and dependency among the elderly worldwide, and it has a significant impact not only on individuals but also on families, communities, and societies. Early identification and management of CI are critical in geriatric medicine. Prevalence data is often scarce, and this hinders the ground-level implementation of preventive health programs.

Objectives:
The objective was to find the prevalence of CI and its covariates among the urban geriatric population of Haryana.

Materials and Methods:
This was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 300 geriatric participants residing in an urban area of Rohtak district, Haryana. Hindi Mental State Examination (HMSE) tool was used to assess CI. Data were analyzed using IBM Corp, released 2020, IBM SPSS statistics for windows Ver 20, Armonk, NY.

Results:
The prevalence of geriatric CI was found to be 27.3% and was found to be significantly associated with age, female gender, scheduled and backward caste (BC), widowhood, and low educational status and is not engaged in any occupation, low socioeconomic status, teetotalism, economic dependency, physical dependency on others, and chronic morbidity.

Conclusion:
Age, female gender, scheduled and backward caste, widowhood, low educational status, nil employment status, low socioeconomic status, teetotalism, economic dependency, physical dependency on others, and chronic morbidity were found to be important correlates of CI. Further analytical studies can focus on these aspects for an early targeted preventive approach.
Albendazole and praziquantel combination versus albendazole alone in children with multiple neurocysticercosis: An open labelled randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rani Vijay , Gehlawat Virender K. , Arya Vandana 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
The efficacy of the combination of albendazole and praziquantel has not been thoroughly studied in multiple neurocysticercosis in children.

Objective:
To compare the efficacy and safety of albendazole and praziquantel combination versus albendazole alone in the treatment of children with multiple neurocysticercosis in terms of proportion of cysts undergoing complete resolution or calcification at 6-month follow-up.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 52 children, aged 1–14 years, with newly diagnosed two or more active neurocysticercosis were randomized to either group A or B. Group A (n = 26) received albendazole plus praziquantel, and Group B (n = 26) received albendazole alone. At the end of 6 months, a repeat MRI brain was performed to see for the resolution of cysts and was classified as complete resolution, calcified, or persistence of viable and noncalcified cysts.

Results:
The proportion of cysts undergoing complete resolution was higher in Group A (23/60 [38.33%]) than in Group B (19/65 [29.23%]), but the difference was not statistically significant. The proportion of cysts undergoing calcification was also comparable in Group A (20/60 [33.33%]) and Group B (20/65 [30.77%]). Both groups had comparable safety profiles.

Conclusion:
Albendazole and praziquantel combination therapy is as effective as albendazole alone in terms of complete resolution of viable cysts and calcification of cysts.
Trial registration: CTRI/2021/12/038492.
Unveiling the secrets of gastrointestinal mucous adenocarcinoma survival after surgery with artificial intelligence: A population-based study
Authors: Song Jie , Yan Xiang-Xiu , Zhang Fang-Liang , Lei Yong-Yi , Ke Zi-Yin , Li Fang , Zhang Kai , He Yu-Qi , Li Wei , Li Chao , Pan Yuan-Ming 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Research on gastrointestinal mucosal adenocarcinoma (GMA) is limited and controversial, and there is no reference tool for predicting postoperative survival.
AIM
To investigate the prognosis of GMA and develop predictive model.
METHODS
From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we collected clinical information on patients with GMA. After random sampling, the patients were divided into the discovery (70% of the total, for model training), validation (20%, for model evaluation), and completely blind test cohorts (10%, for further model evaluation). The main assessment metric was the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). All collected clinical features were used for Cox proportional hazard regression analysis to determine factors influencing GMA’s prognosis.
RESULTS
This model had an AUC of 0.7433 [95% confidence intervals (95%CI): 0.7424-0.7442] in the discovery cohort, 0.7244 (GMA: 0.7234-0.7254) in the validation cohort, and 0.7388 (95%CI: 0.7378-0.7398) in the test cohort. We packaged it into Windows software for doctors’ use and uploaded it. Mucinous gastric adenocarcinoma had the worst prognosis, and these were protective factors of GMA: Regional nodes examined [hazard ratio (HR): 0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-0.98, P < 0.001)] and chemotherapy (HR: 0.62, 95%CI: 0.58-0.66, P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The deep learning-based tool developed can accurately predict the overall survival of patients with GMA postoperatively. Combining surgery, chemotherapy, and adequate lymph node dissection during surgery can improve patient outcomes.
Impact of baseline hepatitis B virus viral load on the long-term prognosis of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with immunotherapy
Authors: Pan Di , Liu Hao-Nan , Yao Zhi-Yuan , Chen Xiao-Xiao , Li Yu-Qi , Zhu Jing-Jing , Han Zheng-Xiang , Qin Xiao-Bing 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Although the combination of lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitors has become the standard regimen for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), real data on the impact of baseline hepatitis B virus (HBV)-DNA levels on the clinical efficacy of this regimen is still limited.
AIM
To evaluate the effectiveness of camrelizumab combined with lenvatinib in patients with HCC at varying levels of HBV-DNA.
METHODS
One hundred and twenty patients with HCC who received camrelizumab and lenvatinib treatment were categorized into two cohorts: HBV-DNA ≤ 2000 (n = 66) and HBV-DNA > 2000 (n = 54). The main outcomes measured were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), while additional outcomes included the rate of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and any negative events. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis revealed independent predictors of OS, leading to the creation of a nomogram incorporating these variables.
RESULTS
The median PFS was 8.32 months for the HBV-DNA ≤ 2000 group, which was similar to the 7.80 months observed for the HBV DNA > 2000 group (P = 0.88). Likewise, there was no notable variation in the median OS between the two groups, with durations of 13.30 and 14.20 months respectively (P = 0.14). The ORR and DCR were compared between the two groups, showing ORR of 19.70% vs 33.33% (P = 0.09) and DCR of 72.73% vs 74.07% (P = 0.87). The nomogram emphasized the importance of antiviral treatment as the main predictor of patient results, with portal vein tumor thrombus and Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer staging following closely behind.
CONCLUSION
The clinical outcomes of patients with HBV-associated HCC treated with camrelizumab in combination with lenvatinib are not significantly affected by HBV viral load.
Shi-pi-xiao-ji formula suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by reducing cellular stiffness through upregulation of acetyl-coA acetyltransferase 1
Authors: Jian Hui-Ying , Liang Zi-Cheng , Wen Huan , Zhang Zhen , Zeng Pu-Hua 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Previous studies have shown that the Shi-pi-xiao-ji (SPXJ) herbal decoction formula is effective in suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms are not known. Therefore, this study investigated whether the antitumor effects of the SPXJ formula in treating HCC were mediated by acetyl-coA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1)-regulated cellular stiffness. Through a series of experiments, we concluded that SPXJ inhibits the progression of HCC by upregulating the expression level of ACAT1, lowering the level of cholesterol in the cell membrane, and altering the cellular stiffness, which provides a new idea for the research of traditional Chinese medicine against HCC.
AIM
To investigate the anti-tumor effects of the SPXJ formula on the malignant progression of HCC.
METHODS
HCC cells were cultured in vitro with SPXJ-containing serum prepared by injecting SPXJ formula into wild-type mice. The apoptotic rate and proliferative, invasive, and migratory abilities of control and SPXJ-treated HCC cells were compared. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the cell surface morphology and the Young’s modulus values of the control and SPXJ-treated HCC cells. Plasma membrane cholesterol levels in HCC cells were detected using the Amplex Red cholesterol detection kit. ACAT1 protein levels were estimated using western blotting.
RESULTS
Compared with the vehicle group, SPXJ serum considerably reduced proliferation of HCC cells, increased stiffness and apoptosis of HCC cells, inhibited migration and invasion of HCC cells, decreased plasma membrane cholesterol levels, and upregulated ACAT1 protein levels. However, treatment of HCC cells with the water-soluble cholesterol promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells as well as decreased cell stiffness and plasma membrane cholesterol levels, but did not alter the apoptotic rate and ACAT1 protein expression levels compared with the vehicle control.
CONCLUSION
SPXJ formula inhibited proliferation, invasion, and migration of HCC cells by decreasing plasma membrane cholesterol levels and altering cellular stiffness through upregulation of ACAT1 protein expression.