bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rubber-Filler Interactions and Its Effect in Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Filled Compounds
Authors: Mostafa A. , Abouel-Kasem A. , Bayoumi M. R. , El-Sebaie M. G. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
This paper will set out a brief review of the needs, early development, and current status of the nature of the interactions between rubber matrix and particulate filler and the intrinsic effect on mechanical and rheological behavior of filled vulcanizates. Fillers are commonly added to commercial elastomers for reasons of economy and also to favourably modify properties such as stiffness, tensile strength, heat distortion, mouldability, and other important properties, such as impact properties and elongation to break. The behavior of elastomers reinforcing with certain fillers like carbon black or high-structure silica need to be understood deeply to clarify the rubber-filler interaction and its effect on rheological and mechanical properties of filled rubber compounds. In this paper the nature of interaction between the elastomer and filler particles, the types of reinforcing fillers, the effect of its size and structure, the reinforcing concepts, and the mechanical properties of filled rubber are discussed.
Gingival Inflammation and Interleukin‐1 β and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐Alpha Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid During the Menstrual Cycle
Authors: Baser Ulku , Cekici Ali , Tanrikulu‐Kucuk Sevda , Kantarci Alpdogan , Ademoglu Evin , Yalcin Funda 
Published: December 2009

Background: Hormonal changes during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause may impact periodontal tissues by altering the host response. There are only a few studies that examined gingival changes during the menstrual cycle. This longitudinal and prospective study aims to investigate clinical and laboratory markers of gingival inflammation in women at different phases during their menstrual cycles.Methods: Twenty‐seven females were included in this study. Subjects were given oral hygiene instructions before the study, and their plaque index scores were recorded once a week for 2 months. The duration and regularity of the menstrual cycle were also checked at the same time. The gingival index and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded. Probing depths were measured to assess the periodontal condition of the subjects. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected to analyze the levels of interleukin (IL)‐1β and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha on the first menstruation day (MD), estimated ovulation day (OD), and estimated predominant progesterone secretion day (PgD). These exact menstrual cycle days were determined according to serum progesterone and estradiol levels.Results: BOP and IL‐1β levels in GCF showed significant increases from the MD to PgD under optimal plaque control. Among the 12 subjects that had premenstrual symptoms, six subjects reported oral complaints during the premenstrual period, whereas apthous lesions were more frequent during the menstruation period.Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the fluctuation of sex steroid hormones impact gingival inflammation during menstruation.
Sinus Floor Augmentation With Simultaneous Implant Placement Using Choukroun's Platelet‐Rich Fibrin as the Sole Grafting Material: A Radiologic and Histologic Study at 6 Months
Authors: Mazor Ziv , Horowitz Robert A. , Del Corso Marco , Prasad Hari S. , Rohrer Michael D. , Dohan Ehrenfest David M. 
Published: December 2009

Background: Sinus augmentation with simultaneous implant placement without bone graft material is a hotly debated technique. This technique could be improved and secured by the use of an autologous leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) (Choukroun's technique) concentrate. The objectives of this study were to assess the relevance of PRF clots and membranes as the sole filling material during a lateral sinus lift with immediate implantation using radiologic and histologic analyses in a case series.Methods: Twenty‐five sinus elevations with simultaneous implantation were performed on 20 patients with Choukroun's PRF as the sole filling biomaterial. For each patient, a presurgical exam and a 6‐month post‐surgical radiologic exam were performed with a panoramic x‐ray and three‐dimensional volumetric computed radiography (VCR) to evaluate the subsinus residual bone height and the final bone gain around the implants. In nine patients, 6 months after the sinus lift, bone biopsies were collected on the buccal wall of the alveolar ridge at the level of the osteotomy window, and evaluated by histomorphometry.Results: In this study, 41 implants from three different systems with different screw designs (Biomet 3I Nanotite, MIS Seven, Intra‐Lock Ossean) were placed. All implants were inserted in residual bone height between 1.5 and 6 mm (mean ± SD: 2.9 ± 0.9 mm). The final bone gain was always very significant (between 7 and 13 mm [mean ± SD: 10.1 ± 0.9 mm]). No implant was lost. After radiologic analyses, the position of the final sinus floor was always in the continuation of the end of the implant. All biopsies showed well organized and vital bone.Conclusions: From a radiologic and histologic point of view at 6 months after surgery, the use of PRF as the sole filling material during a simultaneous sinus lift and implantation stabilized a high volume of natural regenerated bone in the subsinus cavity up to the tip of the implants. Choukroun's PRF is a simple and inexpensive biomaterial, and its systematic use during a sinus lift seems a relevant option, particularly for the protection of the Schneiderian membrane.
Zirconium Dioxide Implant Abutments for Posterior Single‐Tooth Replacement: First Results
Authors: Nothdurft Frank P. , Pospiech Peter R. 
Published: December 2009

Background: Prefabricated implant abutments made of zirconium dioxide (yttria‐stabilized polycrystalline tetragonal zirconia; Y‐TZP) have proved to be useful in the esthetically demanding anterior region and may also be useful for premolar and molar replacement because of their obvious positive impact on the health of peri‐implant soft tissues.Methods: Forty screw implants were inserted in the posterior region of 24 patients and provided with prefabricated all‐ceramic abutments made of zirconium dioxide Y‐TZP. Zirconia‐based crowns were used as superstructures. The following parameters were used to document the state of soft tissue: the modified plaque index (mPI), sulcus fluid flow rate (SFFR), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), and probing depth (PD). Additionally, implant stability was measured using an electronic mobility testing device.Results: All implants (N = 40) followed up after 6 months in function were osseointegrated and showed good stability. In the presence of good oral hygiene (mPI: 0.3), the parameters SFFR (16) and mSBI (0.7) were indicative of stable and healthy soft tissue. The mean PD was highest at the distal points of measurement (2.4 mm) and was generally at a low level. Neither implant loss nor crown fractures occurred. Chipping of parts of the veneering ceramic was registered in three cases (7.5%).Conclusions: After 6 months in function, no mechanical failure was registered in any of the all‐ceramic abutments. On clinical investigation, the peri‐implant soft tissues were largely healthy and devoid of inflammation.
Estrogen Withdrawal Transiently Increased Bone Turnover Without Affecting the Bone Balance Along the Tooth Socket in Rats
Authors: Gallina S. , Barranco‐Piedra S. , Torres‐Lagares D. , Baroukh B. , Llorens A. , Gutiérrez‐Pérez J.‐L. , Saffar J.‐L. , Cherruau M. , Lesclous P. 
Published: December 2009

Background: Estrogen withdrawal causes marked bone loss in the appendicular skeleton but slightly affects mandibular cancellous bone; in contrast, little is known of its effects on alveolar wall turnover associated with tooth drift. In this study, we assessed short‐term changes in alveolar wall turnover after an ovariectomy and compared it to other bone sites exhibiting different levels of turnover.Methods: Forty Sprague‐Dawley rats were ovariectomized or sham operated. Right mandibles and femurs were processed without demineralization for bone histomorphometry in three different sites: the alveolar wall around the first molar buccal root, apical interradicular bone, and femoral metaphysis. Bone changes were assessed 14 and 28 days after the ovariectomy. Data were compared using non‐parametric statistics.Results: At 14 days, on the resorption side of the alveolar wall, resorption parameters were higher in the ovariectomized rats (P <0.01), whereas the formation was lower (P <0.05); on the formation side, the daily mineral apposition rate increased (P <0.01). The root resorption was higher in ovariectomized rats (P <0.05). In the periodontal ligament, the numbers of osteoclast precursors were significantly higher. At 28 days, the drift slowed down in both the sham and ovariectomized groups. The ovariectomy had no effect on interradicular bone turnover, whereas bone loss and numbers of osteoclasts were strongly increased in the femur as soon as 14 days after the ovariectomy.Conclusions: Estrogen withdrawal had transient repercussions on alveolar wall turnover. The different reactivities of the three envelopes studied suggest that a response to an ovariectomy in the short term is related to initial basal turnover.
Influence of carbohydrates on cell properties of Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Authors: Begovic Jelena , Fira Djordje , Terzic-Vidojevic Amarela , Topisirovic Ljubisa 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLactobacilli represent normal commensals of the human body, particularly in the gut and vagina where they protect these environments from incoming pathogens via a variety of mechanisms. The influence of the carbohydrate source present in reconstituted MRS growth medium on the different cell properties of two Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains were examined. Two human vaginal isolates, BGHV719 and exopolysaccharide producer strain BGHV954 were analyzed. The results demonstrated that unlike in reconstituted MRS with glucose as a carbon source, the presence of fructose, mannose, or rhamnose, significantly reduced cell surface hydrophobicity of both strains. In addition, differences in cell wall protein composition of L. rhamnosus BGHV719 and alterations in colony mucoidity of L. rhamnosus BGHV954 were also demonstrated. Light and SEM microscopy revealed differences on the cellular level when BGHV719 was cultivated in the presence of different sugars. The results of this study point out the importance of complex relationships between growth medium composition and the different aspects of bacterial behavior, and call for more detailed analyses of versatile bacterial responses to the changes in the environment, including vaginal ecosystem. This is especially important since lactobacilli are amongst the most widely used of probiotics.
Spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions at a department of Internal Medicine
Authors: Jovic Zorica , Djordjevic Vidojko , Milena Milovanovic , Vasic Karin 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
The aim of the present study was to characterize the pattern of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reported in a university teaching hospital in south-east Serbia. The study was conducted based on ADRs reported during a six-month period to the ADR reporting unit of the university clinical center. Evaluation of data was done for various parameters, such as patient demographics, drug and reaction characteristics, and outcome of reactions. Assessment was also done for causality, severity and predisposing factors. During the 6-month study period, 44 ADRs were reported, with an overall incidence of 0.33%. No significant difference was seen in the overall incidence of ADRs observed in males and females. Incidence of ADRs among elderly (43.2%) and older (25%) adults was significantly higher than in other age groups. Type A reactions (66.7%) accounted for majority of the reports. The most commonly affected organ system was the renal system, (22.7%) with hyperkalemia as the only reported reaction. ACE inhibitors (48.6%) were the drug class most commonly involved, where fosinopril (25.7%) was the individual drug most frequently reported. Additional treatment was pursued for management of ADRs in majority (52.3%) of the reports. In 52.3 % of the reports, the patient had recovered from the reaction by the time of evaluation. Upon causality assessment, the majority of the reports were rated as probable (43.2%). Mild and moderate reactions accounted for 43.2% and 54.6%, respectively. In 36.3% of the reports, the reaction was considered to be preventable. The most common predisposing factors were polypharmacy and multiple disease state. The pattern of ADRs reported in our hospital is comparable to the results of studies conducted in hospital set up elsewhere. Our evaluations revealed opportunities for intervention to ensure safer drug use.
Several dystrophin-glycoprotein complex members are present in crude surface membranes but they are sodium dodecyl sulphate invisible in KCl-washed microsomes from mdx mouse muscle
Authors: Daval Stéphanie , Rocher Chantal , Cherel Yan , Rumeur Elisabeth 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC) is a large trans-sarcolemmal complex that provides a linkage between the subsarcolemmal cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. In skeletal muscle, it consists of the dystroglycan, sarcoglycan and cytoplasmic complexes, with dystrophin forming the core protein. The DGC has been described as being absent or greatly reduced in dystrophin-deficient muscles, and this lack is considered to be involved in the dystrophic phenotype. Such a decrease in the DGC content was observed in dystrophin-deficient muscle from humans with muscular dystrophy and in mice with X-linked muscular dystrophy (mdx mice). These deficits were observed in total muscle homogenates and in partially membrane-purified muscle fractions, the so-called KCl-washed microsomes. Here, we report that most of the proteins of the DGC are actually present at normal levels in the mdx mouse muscle plasma membrane. The proteins are detected in dystrophic animal muscles when the immunoblot assay is performed with crude surface membrane fractions instead of the usually employed KCl-washed microsomes. We propose that these proteins form SDS-insoluble membrane complexes when dystrophin is absent.
Permian single crystal U-Pb zircon age of the Rožňava Formation volcanites (Southern Gemeric Unit, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)
Authors: Vozárová Anna , Šmelko Miloš , Paderin Ilya 
Published: December 2009

Permian single crystal U-Pb zircon age of the Rožňava Formation volcanites (Southern Gemeric Unit, Western Carpathians, Slovakia)Zircon populations from the Rožňava Formation volcanic rock complex have been analysed. Euhedral zircons from the 1stvolcanogenic horizon with fine oscillatory growth zoning, typical of magmatic origin, gave the average concordia age of 273.3 ± 2.8 Ma, with Th/U ratios in the range of 0.44-0.73. The Permian ages ranging from 266 to 284 Ma were identified in the wider, zoned or unzoned, central zircon parts, as well as in their fine-zoned oscillatory rims. The average concordia age of 275.3 ± 2.9 was obtained from the euhedral zircon population of the 2ndvolcanogenic horizon of the Rožňava Formation. The analyses were performed on zoned magmatic zircons in the age interval from 267 to 287 Ma, with Th/U ratios in the range of 0.39-0.75. In the later zircon population two inherited zircon grains were dated giving the age of 842 ± 12 Ma (Neoproterozoic) and 456 ± 7 Ma (Late Ordovician). The magmatic zircon ages document the Kungurian age of Permian volcanic activity and contemporaneous establishment of the south-Gemeric basin. The time span of volcanic activity corresponds to the collapse of the Western Carpathian Variscan foreland which expanded southward.
The emplacement age of the Muntele Mare Variscan granite (Apuseni Mountains, Romania)
Authors: Balintoni Ioan , Balica Constantin , Cliveţi Monica , Li Li-Qiu , Hann Horst , Chen Fukun , Schuller Volker 
Published: December 2009

The emplacement age of the Muntele Mare Variscan granite (Apuseni Mountains, Romania)Like the Alps and Western Carpathians, the Apuseni Mountains represent a fragment of the Variscan orogen involved in the Alpine crustal shortenings. Thus the more extensive Alpine tectonic unit in the Apuseni Mountains, the Bihor Autochthonous Unit is overlain by several nappe systems. During the Variscan orogeny, the Bihor Unit was a part of the Someş terrane involved as the upper plate in subduction, continental collision and finally in the orogen collapse and exhumation. The Variscan thermotectonic events were marked in the future Bihor Unit by the large Muntele Mare granitoid intrusion, an S-type anatectic body. Zircon U-Pb laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) dating yielded a weighted mean age of 290.9 ± 3.0 Ma and a concordia age of 291.1 ± 1.1 Ma. U-Pb isotope dilution zircon analyses yielded a lower intercept crystallization age of 296.6 + 5.7/-6.2 Ma. These two ages coincide in the error limits. Thus, the Muntele Mare granitoid pluton is a sign of the last stage in the Variscan history of the Apuseni Mountains. Many zircon grains show inheritance and/or Pb loss, typical for anatectic granitoid, overprinted by later thermotectonic events.
Experimental interactions of Slovak bentonites with metallic iron
Authors: Osacký Marek , Honty Miroslav , Madejová Jana , Bakas Thomas , Šucha Vladimír 
Published: December 2009

Experimental interactions of Slovak bentonites with metallic ironThe experimental stability of four bentonites and one K-bentonite from Slovak deposits in the presence of iron was studied to simulate the possible reactions of clays (bentonite barrier) in the contact with Fe containers in a nuclear waste repository. The batch experiments were performed at 60 °C for 30 and 120 days in aerobic conditions. The reaction products were examined by XRD, FTIR, and Mössbauer spectroscopies and CEC (cation exchange capacities) were determined. Reaction solutions were analysed for selected elements using AAS (atomic absorption spectrometry). The results show that bentonites do not interact equally with metallic iron. Bentonites from the Jelšový Potok, Kopernica and Lieskovec deposits reacted similarly whereas the interaction between the bentonite from Lastovce and the iron was less intensive. The lower reactivity of the bentonite from Lastovce can be explained by its low content of smectite. During iron-clay interactions the iron was consumed and Fe oxides (magnetite, lepidocrocite) were formed. Decrease of the smectite diffraction peaks intensity and CEC values during the experiments show rather the rearrangement of the original smectite crystals than dissolution of smectite. In the K-bentonite from the Dolná Ves deposit where the mixed-layer illite-smectite is present instead of smectite, the dissolution of illite-smectite was observed along with the neoformation of smectite. The structure of illite-smectite deteriorated more than the structure of smectites which suggests that this mixed-layer illite-smectite is much less stable in the presence of iron than smectites.
Application Of New Seismic Technology Offshore UAE
Authors: Walker Chris 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Description
Whilst the use of Ocean Bottom Cable (OBC) seismic data in the Arabian Gulf is not new, a field study was undertaken in 2008 offshore the United Arab Emirates to investigate whether the excellent imaging capabilities of the latest generation of OBC systems seen elsewhere in the world would be observed in this geophysically challenging area where the combination of a hard water bottom and shallow water give rise to very significant guided wave noise.

Application
The field study was conducted in July 2008 using the VectorSeis Ocean (VSO) system manufactured by ION Geophysical which uses three-component MEMS accelerometers in place of traditional geophones. The survey was able to be acquired using a single vessel since the VSO system uniquely utilises a stand-alone recording buoy for each 1000 data acquisition channels and thus no recorder vessel is required unlike traditional OBC systems.

Results
Although only a limited volume of 2D data were acquired the quality of the field test data is evidenced by the excellence of the tie to the well over which the test line was acquired. Excellent bandwidth is observed in the data at the ARAB levels and the performance of the acquisition system has allowed advanced state-of-the-art processing algorithms to deliver high resolution images of the sub-surface. These results offer the promise that when the dense spatial sampling and wideband sensor response used in this test are applied for 3D or 4D applications in the survey area superior reservoir delineation and characterisation will be achieved.

Significance
Improved resolution seismic data are needed to increase hydrocarbon recovery from existing reservoirs. This field test demonstrates that the application of the latest seismic technology can deliver the "development quality" data needed for such applications in the Arabian Gulf.

Introduction
Whilst the use of Ocean Bottom Cable (OBC) seismic data in the Arabian Gulf is not new, a field study was undertaken in 2008 offshore the United Arab Emirates to investigate whether the enhanced imaging capabilities of the latest generation of OBC systems seen elsewhere in the world would be observed in this geophysically challenging area where the combination of a hard water bottom and shallow water give rise to very significant guided wave noise.