bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of electromagnetic field on bone regeneration around dental implants after immediate placement in the dog mandible: a pilot study
Authors: do Nascimento Cássio , Issa João Paulo Mardegan , da Silva Mello Amaro Sérgio , de Albuquerque Junior Rubens Ferreira 
Published: May 2012

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00525.xEffect of electromagnetic field on bone regeneration around dental implants after immediate placement in the dog mandible: a pilot studyBackground:  Accelerating bone healing around dental implants can reduce the long‐term period between the insertion of implants and functional rehabilitation.Objective:  This in vivo study evaluated the effect of a constant electromagnetic field (CEF) on bone healing around dental implants in dogs.Materials and methods:  Eight dental implants were placed immediately after extraction of the first pre‐molar and molar teeth on the mandible of two male dogs and divided into experimental (CEF) and control groups. A CEF at magnetic intensity of 0.8 mT with a pulse width of 25 μs and frequency of 1.5 MHz was applied on the implants for 20 min per day for 2 weeks.Result and conclusion:  After qualitative histological analysis, a small quantity of newly formed bone was observed in the gap between the implant surface and alveolar bone in both groups.
Unnoticed swallowing of a unilateral removable partial denture
Authors: Gallas Mercedes , Blanco Montserrat , Martinez‐Ares David , Rivo Eduardo , García‐Gontán Eva , Cañizares Miguel 
Published: May 2012

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2011.00621.xUnnoticed swallowing of a unilateral removable partial dentureObjective:  This paper presents a case report about an unnoticed swallowing of a partial denture impacted in the esophagus in a 74‐year old man without serious complications.Background data:  Dental prostheses (removable/fixed dental prostheses or fragments of dentures) appear to constitute a significant proportion of swallowed of impacted foreign bodies in the orolaryngopharynx.Conclusion:  This case emphazises that is advisable to contraindicate this type of unilateral removable partial denture to replace teeth as temporary or definitive dental prosthesis.
Effects of the head lift exercise on the swallow function: a systematic review
Authors: Antunes Eva Bolle , Lunet Nuno 
Published: May 2012

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2012.00638.x

Effects of the head lift exercise on the swallow function: a systematic review
Objective:  Ageing is associated with modifications in upper oesophageal sphincter function that may be deleterious to deglutition. The head lift exercise (Shaker exercise) is a head‐raising work out aiming to improve the opening of this segment, and ultimately to reduce aspiration. We aimed to review critically the evidence on the effects of this structured intervention programme and to identify gaps to be filled by future research.Material and Methods:  We identified published reports addressing the effect of this exercise in increasing the anteroposterior diameter and cross‐sectional area of the deglutitive upper oesophageal sphincter opening or dysphagic symptoms.Results:  Nine methodologically heterogeneous studies were included in the review, and the reported effects of the head lift exercise were an increase in the anterior excursion of the larynx and in the anteroposterior diameter of the upper oesophageal sphincter opening, and the elimination of dysphagic symptoms.Conclusion:  Further studies including control groups and accounting for potential confounders are needed for a sound assessment of the effectiveness of this technique. The data on the functional results are, however, promising for dysphagia interventions.
Shared resource laboratories: impact of new design criteria to consolidate flow cytometry diagnostic service
Authors: MONTI F. , ROSETTI M. , MASPERI P. , TOMMASINI N. , DORIZZI R. M. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryIntroduction:  The Shared Resource Laboratory (SRL) model recently described for research activities would also appear to be highly suitable for diagnostic services. Using modern SRL design criteria and benchmarks, the aim of our study was to verify whether the consolidation of a diagnostic cytofluorimetric activity could improve the overall service.Methods:  Outcome indicators such as impact on analytical quality, clinical satisfaction, team work involvement, and economic performance were evaluated in the planning and setting up of a new central laboratory. Comparison with preconsolidation status allowed us to investigate possible indicators of improvement.Results:  A total of 30 140 cytofluorimetric analyses performed before and after consolidation at the Central Laboratory in Pievesestina in north‐central Italy were evaluated. The overall score of the clinical satisfaction questionnaire (range, between 1 and 5) increased from 4.3 to 4.9. Full‐time equivalent (FTE) operators were reduced from 9 to 4.5 and cytofluorimeters from 6 to 2; economic indicator analyses showed a 17.75% reduction in unitary test costs.Conclusions:  The adoption of new benchmarks and design criteria increased the quality of cytofluorimetric analysis, thus improving specialized diagnostic services and promoting the shared resource clinical laboratory.
Light‐scattering sensor for real‐time identification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio vulnificus and Vibrio cholerae colonies on solid agar plate
Authors: Huff Karleigh , Aroonnual Amornrat , Littlejohn Amy E. Fleishman , Rajwa Bartek , Bae Euiwon , Banada Padmapriya P. , Patsekin Valery , Hirleman E. Daniel , Robinson J. Paul , Richards Gary P. , Bhunia Arun K. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryThe three most common pathogenic species of
Vibrio, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus, are of major concerns due to increased incidence of water‐ and seafood‐related outbreaks and illness worldwide. Current methods are lengthy and require biochemical and molecular confirmation. A novel label‐free forward light‐scattering sensor was developed to detect and identify colonies of these three pathogens in real time in the presence of other vibrios in food or water samples. Vibrio colonies grown on agar plates were illuminated by a 635 nm laser beam and scatter‐image signatures were acquired using a CCD (charge‐coupled device) camera in an automated BARDOT (BActerial Rapid Detection using Optical light‐scattering Technology) system. Although a limited number of
Vibrio species was tested, each produced a unique light‐scattering signature that is consistent from colony to colony. Subsequently a pattern recognition system analysing the collected light‐scatter information provided classification in 1−2 min with an accuracy of 99%. The light‐scattering signatures were unaffected by subjecting the bacteria to physiological stressors: osmotic imbalance, acid, heat and recovery from a viable but non‐culturable state. Furthermore, employing a standard sample enrichment in alkaline peptone water for 6 h followed by plating on selective thiosulphate citrate bile salts sucrose agar at 30°C for ∼ 12 h, the light‐scattering sensor successfully detected V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus present in oyster or water samples in 18 h even in the presence of other vibrios or other bacteria, indicating the suitability of the sensor as a powerful screening tool for pathogens on agar plates.
Acute Exposure to the Mitochondrial Complex I Toxin Rotenone Impairs Synaptic Long‐Term Potentiation in Rat Hippocampal Slices
Authors: Kimura Ryoichi , Ma Lu‐Yao , Wu Chen , Turner Dharshaun , Shen Jian‐Xin , Ellsworth Kevin , Wakui Makoto , Maalouf Marwan , Wu Jie 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARY Aims: To evaluate the acute effects of the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor rotenone on rat hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Methods: Electrophysiological field potential recordings were used to measure basal synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity in rat coronal hippocampal slices. Synaptic long‐term potentiation (LTP) was induced by high‐frequency stimulation (100 Hz, 1 second × 3 at an interval of 20 seconds). In addition, mitochondrial complex I function was measured using MitoSOX imaging in mitochondrial preparations. Results: Acute exposure of hippocampal slices to 50 nM rotenone for 1 h did not alter basal CA3–CA1 synaptic transmission though 500 nM rotenone significantly reduced basal synaptic transmission. However, 50 nM rotenone significantly impaired LTP and this rotenone's effect was prevented by co‐application of rotenone plus the ketones acetoacetate and β‐hydroxybutyrate (1 mM each). Finally, we measured mitochondrial function using MitoSOX imaging in mitochondrial preparations and found that 50 nM rotenone partially reduced mitochondrial function whereas 500 nM rotenone completely eliminated mitochondrial function. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that mitochondrial activity driven by complex I is a sensitive modulator of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Acute exposure of the hippocampus to rotenone eliminates complex I function and in turn impairs LTP.
Predictors of depression in Korean breast cancer patients: A one‐year longitudinal study
Authors: Kim Seon‐Young , Stewart Robert , Kim Sung‐Wan , Yang Su‐Jin , Kim Jae‐Min , Shin Il‐Seon , Park Min‐Ho , Yoon Jung‐Han , Yoon Jin‐Sang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate the prevalence, and 12‐month persistence and incidence of depression following surgery for breast cancer and to determine factors associated with this in an East Asian setting.MethodsAll cases at a given hospital following surgery for breast cancer were approached and participants were interviewed 2–5 days after surgery. Depression (major and minor depressive disorders) was diagnosed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM‐IV) using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at baseline and 12 months after surgery. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were investigated as covariates in logistic regression model.ResultsOf 335 breast cancer patients analyzed at baseline, 80 (23.9%) had prevalent depression. Persistence in those with depression at baseline (60 analyzed) was 33.3%; incidence of depression in those without depression at baseline (202 analyzed) was 13.4%. In adjusted logistic regression analyses, past and family histories of depression were significantly associated with depression on baseline, and number of metastatic axillary lymph nodes was associated with persistence of depression at follow‐up. No factors were associated with incident depression.DiscussionDepression is common among Korean women with breast cancer, and predictive factors for depression may differ according to the time after surgery.
Cytologic features of clear cell adnexal carcinoma in 3 dogs
Authors: Piviani Martina , Sánchez Melissa D. , Patel Reema T. 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundClear cell adnexal carcinoma is a rare cutaneous adnexal neoplasm without definitive apocrine, sebaceous, or follicular differentiation. Differential diagnoses include sebaceous carcinoma, liposarcoma, and balloon cell melanoma. Immunohistochemical analysis, with positive immunoreactivity for pancytokeratin and vimentin, aids in the diagnosis. Cytologic features of clear cell adnexal carcinoma have not been described previously.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to describe cytologic features of canine clear cell adnexal carcinoma.MethodsFine‐needle aspirates (FNA) obtained prior to biopsy of cutaneous neoplasms with a histologic diagnosis of clear cell adnexal carcinoma confirmed by immunohistochemical analysis were reviewed retrospectively. Slides prepared from FNA had been stained with modified Wright‐Giemsa or automated aqueous Romanowsky stain.ResultsOf 20 neoplasms diagnosed as clear cell adnexal carcinoma in dogs, FNA of the mass had been performed in 3 cases. Cytologic features were similar and included high cellularity, marked cellular pleomorphism, loose arrangement of neoplastic cells, and a light blue to gray background resulting from streaming of cytoplasm from ruptured cells. Neoplastic cells were oval to polygonal to spindle‐shaped with wispy cytoplasmic projections. Cytoplasmic eosinophilic stippling, globular deposits, or pink needle‐shaped inclusions were noted. Criteria of malignancy included marked anisocytosis, anisokaryosis and anisonucleoleosis, multinucleation, karyomegaly, macronucleoli, and atypical mitotic figures.ConclusionsClear cell adnexal carcinoma should be included in the cytologic differential diagnosis for a canine cutaneous mass even if an epithelial origin is not readily identified owing to lack of characteristic epithelial features, such as highly cohesive cell clusters, evident cell‐to‐cell junctions, and distinct cytoplasmic edges.
African horse sickness in naturally infected, immunised horses
Authors: WEYER C. T. , QUAN M. , JOONE C. , LOURENS C. W. , MacLACHLAN N. J. , GUTHRIE A. J. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryTo determine whether subclinical cases, together with clinical cases, of African horse sickness (AHS) occur in immunised horses in field conditions, whole blood samples were collected and rectal temperatures recorded weekly from 50 Nooitgedacht ponies resident in open camps at the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, during 2008–2010. The samples were tested for the presence of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) RNA by a recently developed real‐time RT‐PCR. It was shown that 16% of immunised horses in an AHS endemic area were infected with AHSV over a 2 year period, with half of these (8%) being subclinically infected. The potential impact of such cases on the epidemiology of AHS warrants further investigation.
Effect of exercise on mouse liver and brain bioenergetic infrastructures
Authors: E. Lezi , Lu Jianghua , Burns Jeffrey M. , Swerdlow Russell H. 
Published: May 2012

New Findings
What is the central question of this study?Although exercise is shown to benefit different organs, little research has focused on the mitochondrial response to exercise training in the liver and brain. Also, why and how exercise‐induced muscle activation modifies non‐muscle tissues is not fully understood.
What is the main finding and its importance?We found a dissociated mitochondrial biogenesis, in which some components for gluconeogenesis are enhanced while others for oxidative phosphorylation are minimized, in the livers of exercised mice. These observations suggest that mitochondrial biogenesis is not necessarily an all‐or‐none process, but rather can be strategically tailored to meet a specific tissue's particular physiological needs. Also, this is the first manuscript to show the possible role of exercise‐induced lactate production in mediating exercise's effects on non‐muscle tissues.
To assess the effects of exercise on liver and brain bioenergetic infrastructures, we exposed C57BL/6 mice to 6 weeks of moderate‐intensity treadmill exercise. During the training period, fasting blood glucose was lower in exercised mice than in sedentary mice, but serum insulin levels were not reduced. At week 6, trained mice showed a paradoxical decrease in plasma lactate during exercise, which was accompanied by an increase in the liver monocarboxylate transporter 2 protein level (∼30%, P < 0.05). Exercise increased liver peroxisomal proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ coactivator 1α expression (approximately twofold, P < 0.001), NAD‐dependent deacetylase sirtuin‐1 protein (∼30%, P < 0.05), p38 protein (∼15%, P < 0.05), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1 protein (∼50%, P < 0.05) and AMP‐activated protein kinase phosphorylation (∼40%, P < 0.05). Despite this, liver mitochondrial DNA copy number (∼30%, P = 0.05), mitochondrial transcription factor A expression (∼15%, P < 0.05), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 expression (∼10%, P < 0.05), cAMP‐response element binding protein phosphorylation (∼60%, P < 0.05) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor expression (∼40%, P < 0.05) were all reduced, while cytochrome oxidase and citrate synthase activities were unchanged. The only altered brain parameter observed was a reduction in tumour necrosis factor α expression (∼35%, P < 0.05); tumour necrosis factor α expression was unchanged in liver. Our data suggest that lactate produced by exercising muscle modifies the liver bioenergetic infrastructure, and enhanced liver uptake may in turn limit the ability of exercise‐generated lactate to modify brain bioenergetics. Also, it appears that, at least in the liver, a dissociated mitochondrial biogenesis, in which some components are strategically enhanced while others are minimized, can occur.
Roles of individual prolyl‐4‐hydroxylase isoforms in the first 24 hours following transient focal cerebral ischaemia: insights from genetically modified mice
Authors: Chen Ruo‐Li , Nagel Simon , Papadakis Michalis , Bishop Tammie , Pollard Patrick , Ratcliffe Peter J. , Pugh Christopher W. , Buchan Alastair M. 
Published: May 2012

Key points
Cerebral ischaemia results in the activation of multiple pathways that can independently lead to neuronal death. Agents targeting a number of processes at one time are likely to be translated into stroke therapy.
Hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) is a transcription complex which responds to changes in oxygen. HIF levels are tightly regulated by a group of prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs).
In this study, we investigated the function of each of the HIF‐PHDs in the first 24 hours following transient focal cerebral ischaemia by using mice with each isoform genetically suppressed.
We found that the PHD1−/−, PHD2+/−, PHD3−/− mice had different outcomes after inducing ischaemia. In particular, the PHD2+/− mice had an improved rCBF response post‐reperfusion with better behavioural scores. The PHD3−/− mice have worse rCBF but no behavioural change.
The information gained enhances understanding of the biological processes involved and informs strategies for therapeutic targeting of the PHD enzymes.
Abstract  This study investigated the function of each of the hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) prolyl‐4‐hydroxylase enzymes (PHD1–3) in the first 24 h following transient focal cerebral ischaemia by using mice with each isoform genetically suppressed. Male, 8‐ to 12‐week old PHD1−/−, PHD2+/− and PHD3−/− mice and their wild‐type (WT) littermate were subjected to 45 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). During the experiments, regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was recorded by laser Doppler flowmetry. Behaviour was assessed at both 2 h and 24 h after reperfusion with a common neuroscore. Infarct volumes, blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption, cerebral vascular density, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), HIF1α, and glycogen levels were then determined using histological and immunohistochemical techniques. When compared to their WT littermates, PHD2+/− mice had significantly increased cerebral microvascular density and more effective restoration of CBF upon reperfusion. PHD2+/− mice showed significantly better functional outcomes and higher activity rates at both 2 h and 24 h after MCAO, associated with significant fewer apoptotic cells in the penumbra and less BBB disruption; PHD3−/− mice had impaired rCBF upon early reperfusion but comparable functional outcomes; PHD1−/− mice did not show any significant changes following the MCAO. Production of ROS, HIF1α staining and glycogen content in the brain were not different in any comparison. Life‐long genetic inhibition of PHD enzymes produces different effects on outcome in the first 24 h after transient cerebral ischaemia. These need to be considered in optimizing therapeutic effects of PHD inhibitors, particularly when isoform specific inhibitors become available.
The role of the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus in the regulation of cardiac and renal sympathetic nerve activity in conscious normal and heart failure sheep
Authors: Ramchandra Rohit , Hood Sally G. , Frithiof Robert , McKinley Michael J. , May Clive N. 
Published: May 2012

Key points
Heart failure is associated with large increases in sympathetic nerve activity to organs like the heart and kidney and this increase is detrimental to patients.
We explored the role played by the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), a central brain region, in mediating the increase in sympathetic drive during heart failure.
We show that neurons in the PVN selectively mediate changes in sympathetic drive to the kidney, but not to the heart when blood volume is increased.
In addition, neurons in the PVN do not contribute to the resting levels of sympathetic drive to the heart during normal conditions or in heart failure.
Our data demonstrates striking differences in the central mechanisms that control sympathetic drive to the heart and kidney during heart failure.
Abstract  The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) plays a major role in central cardiovascular and volume control, and has been implicated in controlling sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) during volume expansion and in heart failure (HF). The objectives were to determine the role of the PVN on cardiac and renal SNA (CSNA and RSNA) in conscious normal sheep and sheep with pacing‐induced heart failure. In normovolaemic sheep in the normal state and in HF, bilateral microinjection of the GABA agonist muscimol (2 mm, 500 nl), had no effects on resting mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), CSNA or RSNA. In addition, neither chemical inhibition of the PVN using the inhibitory amino acid glycine (0.5 m, 500 nl), nor electrolytic lesion of the PVN reduced the elevated level of CSNA in HF. Dysinhibition of the PVN with bilateral microinjection of bicuculline (1 mm, 500 nl) in normal sheep increased MAP, HR and CSNA, but decreased RSNA, whereas in HF bicuculline had no effects on MAP, HR or CSNA, but inhibited RSNA. During volume expansion in normal sheep, muscimol reversed the inhibition of RSNA, but not of CSNA. In summary, removal of endogenous GABAergic inhibition to the PVN indicated that CSNA is normally under inhibitory control. Although this inhibition was absent in HF, the responses to pharmacological inhibition, or lesion of the PVN, indicates that it does not drive the increased CSNA in HF. These findings indicate the PVN has a greater influence on RSNA than CSNA in the resting state in normal and HF sheep, and during volume expansion in normal sheep.
In Vitro
Analyses of Ethanol Activity against Candida albicans Biofilms
Authors: Rane Hallie S. , Bernardo Stella M. , Walraven Carla J. , Lee Samuel A. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Candida albicans
is a common cause of catheter-related bloodstream infections (CR-BSI). Ethanol (EtOH) lock therapy has been attempted despite limited data on optimal dose and duration. Concentrations of 35% EtOH or higher for a minimum of 4 h demonstrated a >99% reduction in mature
C. albicans
biofilm metabolic activity and prevented regrowth. Concentrations of 10% EtOH or higher reduced
C. albicans
biofilm formation by >99%. Further investigation of EtOH lock therapy for treatment and prevention of
C. albicans
CR-BSI is warranted.
Inducible and Constitutive Activation of Two Polymorphic Promoter Alleles of the Candida albicans Multidrug Efflux Pump
MDR1
Authors: Sasse Christoph , Schillig Rebecca , Reimund Alexandra , Merk Julia , Morschhäuser Joachim 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Overexpression of the multidrug efflux pump
MDR1
confers resistance to the antifungal drug fluconazole on
Candida albicans
. It has been reported that two types of
MDR1
promoters exist in
C. albicans
and that homozygosity for the allele with higher activity may promote fluconazole resistance. We found that the two
MDR1
promoter alleles in strain SC5314 were equally well activated by inducing chemicals or hyperactive forms of the transcription factors Mrr1 and Cap1, which control
MDR1
expression. In addition, no loss of heterozygosity at the
MDR1
locus was observed in
MDR1
-overexpressing clinical
C. albicans
strains that developed fluconazole resistance during therapy.