bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calcium Localized in Odontogenic Cells of Rat Mandibular Teeth by the Glyoxal Bis (2-Hydroxyanil) Method
Authors: Kashiwa Herbert K. , Sigman Murray D. 
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA LE LOCALISATION DE CALCIUM IN CELLULAS ODONTOGENE DE DENTES MANDIBULAR DEL RATTO PER MEDIO DEL METHODO A GLYOXAL-BIS(2-HYDROXYANIL).—Blocos fresc de mandibula, de un spissitate de 1 mm, esseva obtenite ab rattos sugente e tincturate durante 16 horas in un solution de glyoxal-bis(2-hydroxyanil) (GBHA) e postea dishydratate in ethanol, acclarate in xyleno, includite in paraffin, sectionate a un spissitate de 7μ, e affixate per pression digital a albuminisate lamellas de vitro. Le lamellas esseva immergite in un solution de Na2CO3 e KCN pro assecurar specificitate pro calcium e contratincturate con blau methylenic. Granulos rubie de Ca-GBHA esseva localisate in le cytoplasma de adamantoblastos e cementoblastos e in le processos odontoblastic. Calcium in apatite non esseva tincturate.
Pseudomonads in Human Saliva
Authors: Sutter Vera L. , Hurst Valerie , Landucci Albert O. J. 
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA PSEUDOMONADES IN SALIVA HUMAN.—Saliva ab 350 subjectos normal esseva cultivate quantitativemente con tres medios selective de Pseudomonas aeruginosa e altere pseudomonades. P. aeruginosa esseva trovate in 6,6 pro cento del subjectos, con numerationes de inter 10 e plus que 1000 germines per ml. de saliva. P. putida esseva presente in 1,7 pro cento del subjectos, con numerationes de inter 10 e 100 per ml. P. fluorescens esseva trovate in 0,6 pro cento del casos, con numerationes de minus que 10 per ml. Il pare que P. aeruginosa es un componente residente del flora oral de certe subjectos, durante que le duo altere species es probabilemente species transiente.
III. Ultrastructure Comparisons of Epithelial-like and Fibroblast-like Cells Derived from Malignant and Nonmalignant Oral Explants
Authors: Silverman Sol 
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA STUDIOS HISTOCULTURAL DE ORAL CARCINOMA HUMAN. III. COMPARATIONES ULTRASTRUCTURAL DE CELLULAS EPITHELIOIDE E FIBROBLASTOIDE DERIVATE AB MALIGNE E NONMALIGNE EXPLANTOS ORAL.-Dece explantos esseva studiate. In sex, le apparentia esseva epithelioide; in quatro, illo esseva fibroblastoide. Iste constatationes non esseva correlationabile con le fonte del tissu o le tempore in le culturation. Omne culturas epithelial contine un certe numero de cellulas con attachamentos desmosomal. Nulle del culturas fibroblastoide habeva cellulas con desmosomas. Omne le culturas habeva cellulas con simile variationes e organellas e non poteva esser differentiate super iste base. Le cellulas pareva esser un typo intermedie de character associabile plus tosto con lor ambiente in vitro que con le fonte del explanto original.
Influence of Casein Replacement by Amino Acid Mixture on Experimental Dental Caries in Rats and on the Periodontal Syndrome in Rice Rats
Authors: Shaw James H. 
Published: November 2010

SYNOPSIS IN INTERLINGUA LE INFLUENTIA DEL REIMPLACIAMENTO DE CASEINA PER MIXTURAS DE AMINO-ACIDOS SUPER EXPERIMENTAL CARIE DENTAL IN RATTOS E SUPER LE SYNDROME PERIODONTAL IN ORYZOMYSES. —Quando un mixtura de amino-acidos esseva includite in loco de caseina in un dieta productori de carie, le occurrentia de lesiones cariose in rattos blanc accresceva levemente in le sulcos occlusal e declinava frappantemente al superficies lisie. Quando le mesme reimplaciamento esseva effectuate in un dieta productori de syndrome periodontal, le destruction del tissu molle in le periodontio de oryzomyses esseva grandemente reducite e le resorption de osso alveolar declinava.
Training of Surgical Researchers: Head and Neck-An NIDR Workshop
Authors: Spriestersbach Duane C. , Cramer Lester M. , Matukas Victor J. , Mc Callum Charles A. , Christiansen R.L. 
Published: November 2010

To assess the current state of training of surgical researchers in disorders of the head and neck, a workshop was conducted by the National Institute of Dental Research and was coordinated by Richard L. Christiansen, Developmental Biology and Oral-Facial Anomalies Program. The workshop focused primarily on the surgical aspects of congenital and acquired craniofacial disorders. The following ad hoc planning committee was named: D. C. Spriestersbach, L. M. Cramer, V. J. Matukas, and C. A. McCallum. The planning committee, K. Kenneth Hisaoka, deputy associate director of the NIDR, and R. L. Christiansen established the format and selected the participants for the workshop. The objective was to provide in-depth review of the current status, directions, and needs in training of surgical researchers in the head and neck region as related to the needs of the NIDR. The workshop was held in Bethesda, Md, on November 29-30, 1971. The ideas exchanged were abstracted by a recorder, summarized, and reviewed by the coordinator and the planning committee to produce this report.
Effect of Trace Elements on Dissolution of Hydroxyapatite by Cariogenic Streptococci
Authors: Herbison Richard J. , Handelman Stanley L. 
Published: November 2010

The effect of low levels of strontium, boron, lithium, molybdenum, and fluorine, alone and in combination, on hydroxyapatite solubility, bacterial growth, and acid production in five antigenic types of Streptococcus mutans was investigated. Pour Plates containing synthetic hydroxyapatite were used to compare dissolution of hydroxyapatite. The colonies of the five antigenic types of S mutans produced zones of dissolution that were measured. Acid production and growth were studied in broth culture media. The results show that low levels of strontium and fluorine can significantly reduce demineralization of synthetic hydroxyapatite by S mutans in vitro.
Enamel Matrix: Structural Proteins
Authors: Termine J.D. , Torchia D.A. , Conn K.M. 
Published: November 2010

Cell-free, fetal bovine enamel tissue was examined intact by high resolution. 13C Fourier transform, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Two types of protein chains were observed under these conditions, one exhibiting rapid mobility and accounting for approximately two-thirds of the enamel matrix, while the other exhibited restricted or anisotropic segmental motion and accounted for the remaining third of the matrix. Sequential extraction of this fetal enamel under non-degradative conditions with dissociative solvents yielded two biochemically distinct populations of matrix protein. As expected, the bulk of the matrix consisted of proline-rich amelogenins, although the SDS-gel electrophoresis molecular weights for these proteins were somewhat higher than those reported using other extraction methods. Approximately fifteen percent of the total matrix consisted of much higher molecular weight phosphoproteins (46,000 - 72,000 daltons) whose amino acid composition closely resembled that reported for mature enamel protein. These high molecular weight proteins were tightly bound to the fetal enamel apatite crystallites.
Cariostatic Activity of (1,6-Bis-[2-Ethylhexylbiguanido]-Hexane) in Conventional Rats
Authors: Curtis Stephen N. , Dooley Claire L. 
Published: November 2010

The antimicrobial and cariostatic activities of the dihydrochloride and dihydrofluoride salts of alexidine (1, 6-bis-[2-ethylhexylbiguanido]hexane) were compared to those of chlorhexidine acetate and sodium fluoride in rats implanted orally with Streptococcus mutans 6715 and fed a cariogenic diet. Experimental caries was significantly reduced by the continuous administration of low concentrations of biguanides via the drinking water, but this was accompanied by increased staining of the molars. Very high biguanide concentrations, applied infrequently, directly to the molars, effectively reduced caries and resulted in less staining. A combination of alexidine dihydrochloride and sodium fluoride offered no advantage over either drug alone. Alexidine salts prevented the progressive increase in implanted S. mutans, whereas chlorhexidine acetate practically eliminated the microorganism from the oral cavity. Sodium fluoride had no effect on the implanted flora. It was concluded that alexidine salts are comparable in cariostatic activity to chlorhexidine. The tooth staining accompanying the use of bisbiguanides can be reduced by adjusting the concentration of the drug and its frequency of application.
The Effect of EDTA-containing Surface- active Solutions on the Morphology of Prepared Dentin: An in vivo Study
Authors: Brannström M. , Nordenvall K.J. , Glantz P.-O. 
Published: November 2010

The capacities of EDTA-containing and surface-active antibacterial solutions and their combinations for removing amorphous smear layers produced by cutting of dentin were studied in vivo on 132 human dentin surfaces ground at high speed with a diamond point. A combination of 0.2% EDTA and surface-active antibacterial solutions removed most of the smear layers without opening too many tubule apertures or removing peritubular dentin. No difference was found between the cleaning capacity on surfaces ground under water cooling compared to air cooling.
The Effects of Desensitizing Agents on the Hydraulic Conductance of Human Dentin in vitro
Authors: Greenhill Joël D. , Pashley David H. 
Published: November 2010

The hydrodynamic theory of dentin sensitivity states that a stimulus applied at the orifice of exposed dentinal tubules causes movement of tubular fluid which stimulates nerve receptors. The fluid should obey principles of fluid movement through capillary tubes. Any decrease in the functional radius of the dentinal tubules should greatly reduce the rate of fluid flow, thus reducing dentinal sensitivity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of agents that have been used previously for clinical dentin desensitization to reduce the rate of fluid flow through dentin in vitro. Dentin discs prepared from extracted human third molars were treated with 50% citric acid to remove debris from tubular orifices. After placing the discs in a split chamber device, the rate at which buffer solution could filter across the dentin under 240 cm of water pressure was measured. The occlusal side of the disc was then treated with an agent thought to desensitize dentin to determine if it reduced fluid flow rate. Discs that had more than a 50% reduction in flow rate were examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine if those agents that decreased fluid flow also partially occluded tubular orifices. This in vitro model provided a useful quantitative method for screening a host of preparations that have been used in the past to decrease dentin sensitivity.
Materials Science
Authors: Vankerckhoven H. , Lambrechts P. , Van Beylen M. , Vanherle G. 
Published: November 2010

The monomer systems of conventional composites and smooth-surface microfilled composites were studied by means of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The monomer composition varied from brand to brand. Obviously, this will result in different physical properties and clinical behavior. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of a free submicron fraction in the monomer system of some restorative resins.
Calcification and Crystallization in Bovine Enamel
Authors: Sakae T. , Hirai G. 
Published: November 2010

The degree of crystallinity of the inorganic components in bovine enamel during maturation was calculated and was compared with the degree of calcification. The process of calcification was quantified using monochromatic X-ray microradiography, and the extent of crystallization was analyzed using an X-ray microdiffraction method. The results showed two notable phenomena: (1) that calcification continued for a short time after the eruption of the tooth, and (2) that the crystallization of the inorganic components was delayed in relation to the process of calcification before eruption, but caught up and progressed rapidly after eruption.
Effects of Continuous Patient Information in the Dental Environment
Authors: Thrash W.J. , Marr J.N. , Box T.G. 
Published: November 2010

The effects of varying knowledge of an information system and belief in the effects of this information on discomfort during dental treatment were measured. The information system consisted of patient-operated buttons connected to a series of lights which provided continuous information to the dentist concerning the relative comfort of the patient. Actual information, false information, and knowledge of the information system were combined to form experimental groups. The results showed that those individuals with the ability to provide information to the dentist reported less discomfort than those without this ability during a scaling procedure. During the polishing procedure, the belief of the effect of information resulted in a decrease of reported discomfort.
In vitro Caries-like Lesion Formation in F-containing Tooth Enamel
Authors: LeGeros R.Z. , Silverstone L.M. , Daculsi G. , Kerebel L.M. 
Published: November 2010

In vitro caries-like lesion formation in F-containing tooth enamel (shark) showed a lower depth of penetration compared to that in human enamel (42 vs. 100%). After longer periods of exposure, the depth of penetration in shark enamel is only 33% relative to that in human enamel. The extent of dissolution in acetate buffer for powdered human enamel and for synthetic F-free calcium-carbonated-apatites was greater than for powdered shark enamel and for synthetic F-containing apatites. These results suggest that the cariostatic action of fluoride may be explained in terms of a combination of two effects: (a) the stabilizing effect against acid dissolution (caries) when fluoride is incorporated in the tooth mineral (apatite), and (b) a greater degree of remineralization (repair) in the presence of F solution.
The Initial Gap Around Large Composite Restorations in vitro: The Effect of Etching Enamel Walls
Authors: Brannstrom M. , Torstenson B. , Nordenvall K.-J. 
Published: November 2010

Composite resin restorations in cavities are generally associated with the development of a contraction gap during the first minutes after insertion. Enamel-Bond-Concise composite restorations were placed on both approximal sides of extracted pre-molars. The cervical walls of all cavities extended beyond the enamel-cement junction. The enamel walls of one of the cavities in each tooth were acid-etched. The contraction gap was kept air-filled and open at the margin through the use of a special technique. Enamel Bond resin with a fluorescent additive was applied to occlusal and cervical margins of the restorations. The fluorescent resin was "passively" drawn into the gap. In unetched cavities, resin penetrated both cervical and occlusal gaps and some areas of the gap at the axial wall. In cavities with etched enamel, the penetration occurred only at the cervical wall. The distance of penetration from the cervical margin varied from 1 to 6.5 mm, and the width of the contraction gap filled with the fluorescent resin varied from 3.5 to 16 μm. Comparison of the width of the gap at the cervical wall in etched and unetched cavities suggested larger gaps for etched cavities. The method used offers a new technique for the measurement of the contraction gaps around composite resin restorations.
An in vitro Method for Making Repeated pH Measurements on Human Dental Plaque
Authors: Bibby B.G. , Krobicka A. 
Published: November 2010

A combination pH micro-electrode inserted into human plaque centrifuged to the base of a closely-fitting fine-mesh wire "basket" has been used to make continuous recordings of the pH responses produced by exposure to various carbohydrate substrates. The pH depressions given by continued immersion in sugar and starch solutions resemble, both in depth and duration, those obtained by telemetric pH measurements of approximal plaque samples. In contrast, brief exposure to sugar solutions will produce a Stephan type of pH curve. Measurements of pH can be made using a succession of different substrates if, after each substrate is tested, the electrode-plaque assembly is washed with water and its acidity neutralized in circulating saliva. It is suggested that this in vitro pH method could be used instead of the telemetric measurements of approximal plaque for comparing acid production from foods or for other purposes.
The Influence of Restorative Dental Materials on Heat Transmission in Human Teeth
Authors: Spierings Th.A.M. , De Vree J.H.P. , Peters M.C.R.B. , Plasschaert A.J.M. 
Published: November 2010

Using the finite element method, we analyzed the temperature distribution and heat flow patterns in an axisymmetric tooth model. The models of an unrestored tooth and three teeth restored with different restorative materials were evaluated comparatively. The insulating ability of a calcium hydroxide cement base (Ca(OH)2) is low, which is inherent in its insufficient thermal and poor mechanical properties. In the given conditions, the Ca(OH)2-base reduces the temperature increase at the cement-dentin interface by 12.5% with respect to a restoration of amalgam only. By using a double base (Ca(OH)2 + polymer-modified zinc oxideeugenol), the reduction is 21.9%. With respect to a sound tooth model, the presence of a double base in the restored tooth caused a temperature increase of only 0.1°C at the pulpo-dentinal junction. The thermal conductivity coefficient (λ) of amalgam does not have any influence on the results of the calculations. The heat transfer coefficient (α) turned out to be an essential parameter in this mathematical model.
In vivo Remineralization of Human Enamel and Dental Calculus Formation
Authors: Hoyer I. , Gaengler P. , Bimberg R. 
Published: November 2010

The aim of this investigation was to determine the inorganic composition and the surface morphology of remineralized enamel areas and of dental calculus in heavy-calculus-formers (five subjects) and to compare these results with those of non-calculus-formers (two subjects). Electron probe micro-analysis (EPMA) was carried out on sound, acid-etched, and in vivo remineralized enamel samples from heavy- and non-calculus-formers. The mean values of Ca, P, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Cl, and K were compared with the SEM morphology. EPMA measurements showed no significant differences in the Ca/P ratio of the surface layers of prism-oriented and/or homogeneous enamel remineralization. The variations of remineralization pattern after acid-etching are similar in teeth from heavy dental-calculus-forming patients and in teeth from non-calculus-formers. The SEM appearances of remineralized areas and of the inner surface of mature dental calculus must be considered to be totally different. The experiments carried out suggest that the remineralization of enamel is not related to the formation of calculus.
Dental Fear and Avoidance: A Comparison of Two Modes of Treatment
Authors: Berggren U. , Linde A. 
Published: November 2010

Ninety-nine individuals, all of whom had long avoided dental treatment due to severe dental fear, received therapy according to one of two treatment modalities - behavioral therapy from a psychologist (BT) and treatment under general anesthesia (GA) - both of which were followed by clinical training and dental test treatments. These treatment programs were followed by referring the individuals to community dental clinics for complete oral rehabilitation. Among BT patients, significantly more (92%) completed the treatment program, compared with the GA patients (69%). Complete oral rehabilitation in community dental clinics was achieved by 78 and 53%, respectively. BT patients also had a significantly lower frequency of cancellations. The reduction in dental anxiety according to the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale was substantial in both groups, but the anxiety was significantly more reduced for BT patients, who reached a level equivalent to that of average dental patients. Patients' self-reported tension and the dentists' ratings of patient behavior during treatment were also significantly more positive for the BT groups.
Topical Fluoride Application and Lesion Progression in vitro
Authors: Wefel J.S. , Harless J.D. 
Published: November 2010

The objectives of this investigation were to study the effects of topical fluoride application on white spot enamel and the effect that this application would have on a second acid exposure (lesion progression). Artificial white spot lesions of approximately 200 μm were created with an acidified gel technique, central control sections were removed, and the remaining tooth halves were randomly paired, with one half serving as an untreated control while the other received a single four-minute application of 1.23% (w/v) fluoride solution of either NH4F, Na2SnF6, APF, or TiF4. Both tooth halves were sectioned following progression and examined with polarized light microscopy. Lesion depth, internal pore volume, and presence, size and shape of dark zones were determined. The considerable variation among progressed lesions revealed no significant benefit from any topical fluoride treatment.
Oxide Compounds on Ni-Cr Alloys
Authors: Baran G.R. 
Published: November 2010

Five Ni-Cr alloys were studied in order to identify the compounds formed on the alloy surface during oxidation under conditions similar to those encountered during dental laboratory procedures prior to application of porcelain. After the alloys were oxidized, the films covering the surfaces were removed with the aid of a Brmethanol solution. X-ray diffraction was used to analyze the compounds formed. Oxides of nearly all elements contained by the alloys were found after low-temperature (650°C) oxidation, while NiO and particularly Cr203 were predominant after oxidation at high temperatures (1000°C).
An in vivo Investigation of the Fluoride Uptake in Partially Demineralized Human Enamel from Several Different Dentifrices
Authors: Reintsema H. , Schuthof J. , Arends J. 
Published: November 2010

In this study, the total fluoride uptake in partially demineralized enamel from in situ brushing with six dentifrice systems was investigated in vivo among 22 panelists. Five dentifrices with different fluoride systems were compared with a placebo control. Two demineralized enamel discs were placed in proximal positions on specially fabricated dentures worn by each participant. Each treatment involved use of the placebo dentifrice for one week, followed by two weeks of twice-daily use of the test dentifrice. The F- contents of the dentifrices were: A = 1000 ppm F as Na2P03F + 450 ppm F as NaF; B = 1100 ppm F as NaF; C = 1000 ppm F as Na 2PO3F; D = 1000 ppm F as SnF2; E = 1500 ppm F as Na2PO3F; and P = 0 ppm F (placebo). The F- uptakes from A, C, D, and E were not significantly different from each other but were all significantly higher than the placebo. Statistical analysis showed a significantly higher F- level from the NaF-based paste B than that from all other systems. No differences existed between mesial-distal specimens; there was no correlation between F- uptake and age. Significant uptake differences were found between panelists with full and partial prostheses.