bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unlocking sustainable livestock production potential in the Colombian Amazon through paddock division and gender inclusivity
Authors: Castro-Nunez Augusto , Buritica Alexander , Holmann Federico , Ngaiwi Mary , Quintero Marcela , Solarte Antonio , Gonzalez Carolina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLow-emissions livestock production can be achieved through scaling production systems integrating trees, forages, and livestock within the same area. Such systems are known as silvopastoral production systems (SPS). However, despite SPS reported benefits, adoption rates globally remain low. This paper, therefore, aims to inform land use policy oriented towards increasing SPS adoption. This study intends to capture this by assessing SPS adoption benefits, identifying determinants of SPS adoption, and thus to contribute to policy for scaling low-emissions livestock production. Data was collected on socioeconomic status, livestock farming technical and economic indicators, and farm and paddock practices through farm-level surveys in four municipalities in the Amazon Piedmont of Colombia. Unlike previous studies that assume homogeneous farm management, when in fact, it is heterogeneous, this study assessed SPS adoption determinants using the paddock (n = 2819) as the unit of analysis. This methodological approach is consistent with paddock-level land use decisions taken by farmers based on socioeconomic and biophysical factors such as soil financial resources, type, and topography. The methodological approach allows us to provide new insights into the determinant of adopting SPS and an understanding of intra-farm level land use decisions. The results show that the adoption of SPS at both paddocks and farm levels in Caquetá is low. The main factors associated with higher SPS adoption levels at the paddock level are framed in gender, resources, and knowledge. We observe that women are more motivated to conserve the environment. Cattle paddocks managed by women, smaller in size, and those with more SPS-related projects show a tendency for medium or high SPS adoption. Furthermore, the positive relationship between access to credit and SPS adoption emphasizes the importance of financial resources tailored to SPS projects. Enhancing gender roles, improving access to finance in land use, and providing training programs on SPS systems can contribute to low-emission livestock production in Colombia. This research paper highlights the significance of implementing diverse management strategies and reaching out to farmers not involved in SPS projects. It emphasizes investments in low-emission livestock production, especially for female heads of households. This approach recognizes the broader benefits of SPS, beyond production and financial gains, promoting the division of paddocks and the adoption of SPS.
Full phonon dispersion along the stacking direction in nanoscale van der Waals materials by picosecond acoustics
Authors: Lee Seong-Yeon , Bae Soungmin , Kim Seonyeong , Jung Suyong , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Raebiger Hannes , Yee Ki-Ju 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhonon dispersion in crystals determines many important material properties, but its measurement usually requires large-scale facilities and is limited to bulk samples. Here, we demonstrate the measurement of full phonon dispersion along the stacking direction in nanoscale systems by using picosecond acoustics. A heterostructure sample was prepared consisting of layers of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) sandwiching a thin layer of black phosphorus (BP), within which a strain pulse was generated by photoexcitation and observed with an optical probe in the BP layer. The strain pulse traverses to the few nanometer thick hBN layers, where it propagates to the edge and echoes back, like acoustic waves in Newton’s cradle. The echoes returning to the BP layer provide information on the frequency-dependent time-of-flight and group velocity dispersion of the sample system. The microscopic origin of the photoinduced strain pulse generation and its propagation is revealed from first principles. Phonon frequency combs observed in the Fourier transform spectrum confirm the strain wave round trips and demonstrate the feasibility of determining group velocity dispersion through photoacoustics.
A generalized vector-field framework for mobility
Authors: Liu Erjian , Mazzoli Mattia , Yan Xiao-Yong , Ramasco José J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGiven the identification with travel demand and its relevance for transportation and urban planning, the estimation of trip flows between areas is a fundamental metric for human mobility. Previous models focus on flow intensity, disregarding the information provided by the local mobility orientation. A field-theoretic approach can overcome this issue and handle both intensity and direction at once. Here we propose a general vector-field representation starting from individuals’ trajectories valid for any type of mobility. We also show with simplified models how individuals’ choices determine the mesoscopic properties of the mobility field. Distance optimization in long displacements and random-like local exploration are necessary to reproduce empirical field features observed in Chinese logistic data and in New York City Foursquare check-ins. Our framework is able to capture hidden symmetries in mesoscopic urban mobility and opens the doors to the use of field theory in a wide spectrum of applications.
Engineered plants provide a photosynthetic platform for the production of diverse human milk oligosaccharides
Authors: Barnum Collin R. , Paviani Bruna , Couture Garret , Masarweh Chad , Chen Ye , Huang Yu-Ping , Markel Kasey , Mills David A. , Lebrilla Carlito B. , Barile Daniela , Yang Minliang , Shih Patrick M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHuman milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a diverse class of carbohydrates which support the health and development of infants. The vast health benefits of HMOs have made them a commercial target for microbial production; however, producing the approximately 200 structurally diverse HMOs at scale has proved difficult. Here we produce a diversity of HMOs by leveraging the robust carbohydrate anabolism of plants. This diversity includes high-value and complex HMOs, such as lacto-N-fucopentaose I. HMOs produced in transgenic plants provided strong bifidogenic properties, indicating their ability to serve as a prebiotic supplement with potential applications in adult and infant health. Technoeconomic analyses demonstrate that producing HMOs in plants provides a path to the large-scale production of specific HMOs at lower prices than microbial production platforms. Our work demonstrates the promise in leveraging plants for the low-cost and sustainable production of HMOs.
ADAMTS2 promotes radial migration by activating TGF-β signaling in the developing neocortex
Authors: Kaneko Noe , Hirai Kumiko , Oshima Minori , Yura Kei , Hattori Mitsuharu , Maeda Nobuaki , Ohtaka-Maruyama Chiaki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe mammalian neocortex is formed by sequential radial migration of newborn excitatory neurons. Migrating neurons undergo a multipolar-to-bipolar transition at the subplate (SP) layer, where extracellular matrix (ECM) components are abundantly expressed. Here, we investigate the role of the ECM at the SP layer. We show that TGF-β signaling-related ECM proteins, and their downstream effector, p-smad2/3, are selectively expressed in the SP layer. We also find that migrating neurons express a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 2 (ADAMTS2), an ECM metalloproteinase, just below the SP layer. Knockdown and knockout of Adamts2 suppresses the multipolar-to-bipolar transition of migrating neurons and disturbs radial migration. Time-lapse luminescence imaging of TGF-β signaling indicates that ADAMTS2 activates this signaling pathway in migrating neurons during the multipolar-to-bipolar transition at the SP layer. Overexpression of TGF-β2 in migrating neurons partially rescues migration defects in ADAMTS2 knockout mice. Our data suggest that ADAMTS2 secreted by the migrating multipolar neurons activates TGF-β signaling by ECM remodeling of the SP layer, which might drive the multipolar to bipolar transition.
Retinex decomposition based low‐light image enhancement by integrating Swin transformer and U‐Net‐like architecture
Authors: Wang Zexin , Qingge Letu , Pan Qingyi , Yang Pei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLow‐light images are captured in environments with minimal lighting, such as nighttime or underwater conditions. These images often suffer from issues like low brightness, poor contrast, lack of detail, and overall darkness, significantly impairing human visual perception and subsequent high‐level visual tasks. Enhancing low‐light images holds great practical significance. Among the various existing methods for Low‐Light Image Enhancement (LLIE), those based on the Retinex theory have gained significant attention. However, despite considerable efforts in prior research, the challenge of Retinex decomposition remains unresolved. In this study, an LLIE network based on the Retinex theory is proposed, which addresses these challenges by integrating attention mechanisms and a U‐Net‐like architecture. The proposed model comprises three modules: the Decomposition module (DECM), the Reflectance Recovery module (REFM), and the Illumination Enhancement module (ILEM). Its objective is to decompose low‐light images based on the Retinex theory and enhance the decomposed reflectance and illumination maps using attention mechanisms and a U‐Net‐like architecture. We conducted extensive experiments on several widely used public datasets. The qualitative results demonstrate that the approach produces enhanced images with superior visual quality compared to the existing methods on all test datasets, especially for some extremely dark images. Furthermore, the quantitative evaluation results based on metrics PSNR, SSIM, LPIPS, BRISQUE, and MUSIQ show the proposed model achieves superior performance, with PSNR and BRISQUE significantly outperforming the baseline approaches, where (PSNR, mean BRISQUE) values of the proposed method and the second best results are (17.14, 17.72) and (16.44, 19.65). Additionally, further experimental results such as ablation studies indicate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Binary asteroid candidates in Gaia DR3 astrometry
Authors: Liberato L. , Tanga P. , Mary D. , Minker K. , Carry B. , Spoto F. , Bartczak P. , Sicardy B. , Oszkiewicz D. , Desmars J. 
Published: June 2024

Context. Asteroids with companions constitute an excellent sample for studying the collisional and dynamical evolution of minor planets. The currently known binary population were discovered by different complementary techniques that produce, for the moment, a strongly biased distribution, especially in a range of intermediate asteroid sizes (≈2–100 km) where both mutual photometric events and high-resolution adaptive optic imaging are poorly efficient.
Aims. A totally independent technique of binary asteroid discovery, based on astrometry, can help to reveal new binary systems and populate a range of sizes and separations that remain nearly unexplored.
Methods. In this work, we describe a dedicated period detection method and its results for the Gaia DR3 data set. This method looks for the presence of a periodic signature in the orbit post-fit residuals.
Results. After conservative filtering and validation based on statistical and physical criteria, we are able to present a first sample of astrometric binary candidates, to be confirmed by other observation techniques such as photometric light curves and stellar occultations.
Kinetic simulations of electron–positron induced streaming instability in the context of gamma-ray halos around pulsars
Authors: Plotnikov Illya , van Marle Allard Jan , Guépin Claire , Marcowith Alexandre , Martin Pierrick 
Published: June 2024

Context. The possibility of slow diffusion regions as the origin for extended TeV emission halos around some pulsars (such as PSR J0633+1746 and PSR B0656+14) challenges the standard scaling of the electron diffusion coefficient in the interstellar medium.
Aims. Self-generated turbulence by electron–positron pairs streaming out of the pulsar wind nebula was proposed as a possible mechanism to produce the enhanced turbulence required to explain the morphology and brightness of these TeV halos.
Methods. We perform fully kinetic 1D3V particle-in-cell simulations of this instability, considering the case where streaming electrons and positrons have the same density. This implies purely resonant instability as the beam does not carry any current.
Results. We compare the linear phase of the instability with analytical theory and find very reasonable agreement. The non-linear phase of the instability is also studied, which reveals that the intensity of saturated waves is consistent with a momentum exchange criterion between a decelerating beam and growing magnetic waves. With the adopted parameters, the instability-driven wavemodes cover both the Alfvénic (fluid) and kinetic scales. The spectrum of the produced waves is non-symmetric, with left-handed circular polarisation waves being strongly damped when entering the ion-cyclotron branch, while right-handed waves are suppressed at smaller wavelength when entering the Whistler branch. The low-wavenumber part of the spectrum remains symmetric when in the Alfvénic branch. As a result, positrons behave dynamically differently compared to electrons. The final drift velocity of positrons can maintain a larger value than the ambient Alfvén speed VA while the drift of electrons can drop below VA. We also observed a second harmonic plasma emission in the wave spectrum. An MHD-PIC approach is warranted to probe hotter beams and investigate the Alfvén branch physics. We provide a few such test simulations to support this assertion.
Conclusions. This work confirms that the self-confinement scenario develops essentially according to analytical expectations, but some of the adopted approximations (like the distribution of non-thermal particles in the beam) need to be revised and other complementary numerical techniques should be used to get closer to more realistic configuration.
Period-luminosity and period-luminosity-metallicity relations for Galactic RR Lyrae stars in the Sloan bands
Authors: Narloch W. , Hajdu G. , Pietrzyński G. , Gieren W. , Zgirski B. , Wielgórski P. , Karczmarek P. , Górski M. , Graczyk D. 
Published: June 2024

Context. RR Lyrae stars are excellent tracers of the old population II due to their period-luminosity (PL) and period-luminosity-metallicity (PLZ) relations. While these relations have been investigated in detail in many photometric bands, there are few comprehensive studies about them in Sloan-like systems.
Aims. We present PL and PLZ relations (as well as their counterparts in Wesenheit magnitudes) in the Sloan–Pan-STARSS gP1rP1iP1 bands obtained for Galactic RR Lyrae stars in the vincinity of the Sun.
Methods. The data used in this paper were collected with the network of 40 cm telescopes of the Las Cumbres Observatory, and geometric parallaxes were adopted from Gaia Data Release 3.
Results. We derived PL and PLZ relations separately for RRab and RRc-type stars, as well as for the mixed population of RRab+RRc stars.
Conclusions. To our knowledge, these are the first PL and PLZ relations in the Sloan bands determined using RR Lyrae stars in the Galactic field.
Analysing the explicit and implicit semantic structure of the Iljas Esenberlin novel trilogy “Nomads”
Authors: Baikadamova Assel , Bizhkenova Aigul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The study aims to conduct a thorough examination of the semantic space of a literary text, taking into account the
preservation and stylistic alteration of both the explicit and implicit meanings of the work during the translation process. The
study is grounded in a methodological approach that combines theoretical, conceptual, and comparative methods, along with elements
of lexical semantics, to analyse a literary work. This study focused on examining how extralinguistic reality is reflected in
verbal expressions, both explicitly and implicitly. The research also involved a detailed analysis of the semantic space, taking
into account its conceptual layers, translation strategies, and methods (such as transliteration and the use of descriptive
constructions). Furthermore, the study examined the semantic and stylistic transformations of these concepts and reflected on the
parameters that shape the semantic structure of a literary text. The study’s materials can be utilised to examine the techniques
and approaches involved in constructing the conceptual framework of a translated text. This is achieved through the use of
explicit and implicit lexico-semantic tools such as metaphorics, symbolism, subtext, folklore, and historical allusions.
Chinese Russian language teachers’ agency in response to the New Liberal Arts policy
Authors: Tao Yuan , Cai Lei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Declaration on the Construction of New liberal Arts released in 2020 put forward curriculum-based ideological and moral education, quality culture, interdisciplinary integration and mode innovation as principles for new liberal arts construction, which are later adopted as language policy support underlying Chinese Russian language teachers’ (RLTs) career development. Against this backdrop, we focused on the issue of Russian language teachers’ agency in response to the call under the guidance of the ecological theory. We applied the ecological lens to researching how RLTs interact with diverse contextual factors at different subsystems to seek their professional development. The current study explored RLTs’ agency exercise experiences through semi-structured interviews with three RLTs working in Chinese universities. The findings showed that Chinese RLTs generally held a positive attitude towards the new education policy, while their potential for mobilizing was directly associated with the contingent policy of their local institutions. What’s more, their career prospects rested upon their career planning and personality. The study provides useful insights into teacher agency for less-commonly-taught languages and the different subsystems constraining their agencies. Given the relatively small sample size involved in the study and the strong dependence on interview-based data, further study based on larger sample size and multidimensional data with adequate cross-validation is expected.
Processing and appreciation of literary metaphors in English as a foreign language
Authors: Płużyczka Monika , Kakimova Ainur , Mendhakar Akshay 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Experimental research on the processing of literary metaphors in a foreign language (L2) is
scarce, as well as research on how non-native speakers perceive the aesthetic value of such metaphors. The paper aims to gain a
deeper insight into the topic.

Method: The team experiment1 was conducted in 2022 at the
University of Warsaw. The methodology consisted of both online (eye tracking) and offline (comprehension tests, appreciation
ratings) methods. The following research questions were formulated: (a) How do we process literary metaphors in L2? (b) Is their
processing cognitively demanding? (c) How well do people understand literary metaphors in a foreign language? (d) How do we
evaluate their aesthetic value? The participants were Polish EFL students (English level B2 and higher) who were given an excerpt
from “The Picture of Dorian Gray” by Oscar Wilde. The experimental group read the original text with metaphors, and the control
group read an adapted text where metaphors were rewritten in plain language.

Results: (1) Non-native readers process metaphors significantly slower than they do non-metaphorical
expressions (a three-stage model of metaphor processing in L2). (2) All eye-tracking parameters were much higher for metaphors,
indicating increased cognitive load. (3) Non-native readers rate the aesthetic value of metaphors in L2 higher than they do the
corresponding non-metaphorical expressions. In addition, the more aesthetically appreciated the metaphor was for the respondents,
the more time they spent on its reading.

Conclusion: The processing of literary metaphors in L2 is associated with increased cognitive load
and enhanced aesthetic evaluation.
Conflict resolution in online mental health support groups
Authors: Figueras Bates Carolina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The literature on online mental health support groups usually stresses the harmonious side of users’ interactions.
However, differences regarding the experience of the illness might escalate into social conflict. The aim of this study is to
explore acts of conflict resolution in an online Spanish mental health forum for recovery from an eating disorder (ED). Focusing
on a specific long dispute between one regular contributor and several other members, I perform a micro-analysis of the discursive
moves deployed in this polylogue by those who act as informal mediators to mitigate negative emotions, to rephrase participants’
perspectives and to promote relational empathy within the group. The goal of mediation in the forum is to reinstate the social
order of acceptable recovery practices and discourses.
Placemaking Perspective and Determinants of Tourism: A Case Study in a Creative Design City in Brazil
Authors: Mediotte Elias José , Emmendoerfer Magnus Luiz , Pimentel Thiago Duarte 
Published: June 2024

Summary
This case study delves into the realms of creativity, exploring the crossroads of digital-era territorial redefinition, urban marketing, and tourism planning. Its objective is to comprehend how placemaking takes shape in a Brazilian Creative City, focusing on tourism dynamics, potentials, and limits for redeveloping urban spaces to promote new social interactions and economic opportunities. Employing a qualitative methodology, we address the study site’s nuanced social, cultural, and historical underpinnings. Carried out in Brasília (DF) in 2022, a UNESCO Creative City of Design since 2017, the study reveals that placemaking requires tourism elements to comprehend resignified places, despite the intricate revitalization of spaces through heritage listings endorsed by local urban design. Additionally, we highlight the vital link between resources, meanings, and creativity in tourism recovery, notably in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Cosmological observatories
Authors: Anninos Dionysios , Galante Damián A , Maneerat Chawakorn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We study the static patch of de Sitter space in the presence of a timelike boundary. We impose that the conformal class of the induced metric and the trace of the extrinsic curvature, K, are fixed at the boundary. We present the thermodynamic structure of de Sitter space subject to these boundary conditions, for static and spherically symmetric configurations to leading order in the semiclassical approximation. In three spacetime dimensions, and taking K constant on a toroidal Euclidean boundary, we find that the spacetime is thermally stable for all K. In four spacetime dimensions, the thermal stability depends on the value of K. It is established that for sufficiently large K, the de Sitter static patch subject to conformal boundary conditions is thermally stable. This contrasts the Dirichlet problem for which the region encompassing the cosmological horizon has negative specific heat. We present an analysis of the linearised Einstein equations subject to conformal boundary conditions. In the worldline limit of the timelike boundary, the underlying modes are linked to the quasinormal modes of the static patch. In the limit where the timelike boundary approaches the cosmological event horizon, the linearised modes are interpreted in terms of the shear and sound modes of a fluid dynamical system. Additionally, we find modes with a frequency of positive imaginary part. Measured in a local inertial reference frame, and taking the stretched cosmological horizon limit, these modes grow at most polynomially.