bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Visual and optical performance with the ReZoom multifocal intraocular lens
Authors: Muñoz Gonzalo , Albarrán-Diego César , Cerviño Alejandro , Ferrer-Blasco Teresa , García-Lázaro Santiago 
Published: July 2011

Purpose This study evaluated visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and wavefront aberrations after refractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. Methods A prospective study comprising 174 eyes of 87 patients who had bilateral implantation of a multifocal IOL was carried out. A control group of 100 eyes of 50 age-matched patients with a monofocal IOL was used for comparison. Uncorrected and corrected distance and near visual acuity, contrast sensitivity (CS), and wavefront analysis (Hartmann-Shack) was performed 6 months after surgery. Contrast sensitivity was tested for distance and near under mesopic (2 cd/m2) and photopic conditions (90 cd/m2). Results Distance photopic CS was not significantly different from the monofocal group, while distant mesopic CS and near photopic and mesopic CS were significantly lower. Mean aberration root mean square (RMS) values for the multifocal IOL group were 0.229±0.103 µm for coma, 0.137±0.067 µm for spherical aberration (SA), and 0.301±0.133 µm for higher order aberrations (HOAs). Strehl ratio averaged 0.096±0.045. Conclusions Distant visual performance with the multifocal IOL was excellent under photopic conditions, but was reduced under mesopic levels. Near vision showed suboptimal results in both photopic and mesopic conditions. Coma, SA, and HOAs with the multifocal IOL were higher than those reported previously, with a lower Strehl ratio.
Should the Acetabular Cup be Medialised in Total Hip Arthroplasty?
Authors: Bonnin Michel P. , Archbold Pooler H.A. , Basiglini Luca , Selmi Tarik A. , Beverland David E. 
Published: July 2011

Background During total hip arthroplasty (THA), medialisation of the cup decreases the lever arm of body weight and is considered to be beneficial. Theoretically it should be compensated by an equivalent increase of the femoral offset in order to maintain global offset. Goal of the study We investigated via a numerical model the forces on each bundle of the abductor muscles and the loading forces at the head-cup interface. We compared THA with and without medialisation of the cup and with and without restoration of the global offset. Method A digital finite element model of the hip joint with THA was constructed. Monopodal weight-bearing was simulated with the cup positioned so that the hip centre of rotation was left unchanged. Forces in the abductors and pressure on the prosthetic head were measured and then compared with three other configurations: 1. Medialisation of the cup by 5 to 15mm with reproduction of the native femoral offset or; 2. with an increased femoral offset compensating for the cup medialisation and; 3. no medialisation of the cup with a femoral offset increased. Results Medialisation of the cup decreased stresses on the head-cup interface and on the abductor muscles, even when the global offset was not restored. Anatomical placement of the cup did not give the best results. The optimal outcome in terms of stress was observed when the cup was medialised but global offset restored. Any increase of global offset significantly increases the length and the tension in the anterior bundles of the abductor muscles.
“Look at Us Now!”: Scrapbooking, Regimes of Value, and the Risks of (Auto)Ethnography
Authors: Christensen Danille Elise 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBy the early 2000s, scrapbook construction in the United States had shifted from a relatively private mode of assemblage into a visible practice bolstered by robust marketing and public venues for creation and display. But today’s scrapbooks often also perform the value of activities long characterized as ephemeral, mundane, and private by recasting them—using archival-safe products and visual documentation—as durable, artistic, and public. In effect, these books perform everyday lives. Arbiters of culture have questioned the authenticity or aesthetic merit of these exhibits in moves that deflect attention from the risks that attend any form of cultural documentation, including their own. Because scrapbooking makes visible the estrangement and objectification that occur when experience is entextualized, this popular hobby prompts reflections about ethnographic practice, the risks of performance, and the regulation of cultural hierarchies more generally.
Crosstalk between cancer and haemostasis
Authors: Bokemeyer C. , Langer F. 
Published: July 2011

SummaryCancer is characterized by bidirectional interrelations between tumour progression, coagulation activation, and inflammation. Tissue factor (TF), the principal initiator of the coagulation protease cascade, is centrally positioned in this complex triangular network due to its pleiotropic effects in haemostasis, angiogenesis, and haematogenous metastasis. While formation of macroscopic thrombi is the correlate of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE), a major healthcare burden in clinical haematology and oncology, microvascular thrombosis appears to be critically important to blood-borne tumour cell dissemination. In this regard, expression of TF in malignant tissues as well as shedding of TFbearing microparticles into the circulation are thought to be regulated by defined genetic events relevant to pathological cancer progression, thus directly linking Trousseau’s syndrome to molecular tumourigenesis.Because pharmacological inhibition of the TF pathway in selective tumour types and patient subgroups would be in line with the modern concept of individualized, targeted anti-cancer therapy, this review will focus on the role of TF in tumour biology and cancer-associated VTE.
Clinical significance of circulating microparticles for venous thrombo - embolism in cancer patients
Authors: Ay C. , Pabinger I. , Thaler J. 
Published: July 2011

SummaryCancer patients have a four-to seven-fold increased risk to develop a venous thromboembolic event. Accumulating evidence from experimental and clinical studies indicates that microparticles (MPs), small procoagulant membrane vesicles that are defined by size and a negatively charged phosphatidylserine rich surface, play an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer-related venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, the clinical significance of MPs as a predictive biomarker for VTE in cancer patients has not been fully elucidated yet. This might be due to unresolved methodological problems and a lack of data from large prospective clinical studies that investigate the role of MPs in cancer-related VTE.It is the aim of this review to give an overview on the most important characteristics of MPs and studies dealing with the role of MPs in cancer-related VTE. Also recent progresses, unresolved problems and future perspectives in this research field will be discussed. In the conclusion we will assess the clinical significance of MPs in cancer-related VTE.
Regulation der primären Hämostase durch von-Willebrand-Faktor und ADAMTS13
Authors: Budde U. , Schneppenheim R. 
Published: July 2011

SummaryVon Willebrand factor (VWF) is an adhesive, multi-functional huge multimerized protein with multiple domains harboring binding sites for collagen, platelet glycoprotein receptors and coagulation factor VIII (FVIII). The functional domains enable VWF to bind to the injured vessel wall, to recruit platelets to the site of injury by adhesion and aggregation and to bind and protect FVIII, an important cofactor of the coagulation cascade. VWF function in primary haemostasis is located in particular in the arterial and micro-circulation. This environment is exposed to high shear forces with hydrodynamic shear rates ranging over several orders of magnitude from 10–1 to 105 s-1 and requires particular mechanisms to enable platelet adhesion and aggregation under these variable conditions. The respective VWF function is strictly correlating with its multimer size. Lack or reduction of large VWF multimers is seen in patients with von Willebrand disease (VWD) type 2A which correlates with reduction of both VWF:platelet GPIb-binding and VWF:collagen binding and a bleeding phenotype. To prevent unlimited platelet adhesion and aggregation which is the cause of the microangiopathic disorder thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), VWF function is regulated by its specific protease ADAMTS13. Whereas a particular susceptibility of VWF to ADAMTS13 proteolysis is the cause of a frequent VWD type 2A phenotype, lack or dysfunction of ADAMTS13, either acquired by ADAMTS13 antibodies or by inherited ADAMTS13 deficiency (Upshaw-Schulman Syndrome), causes TTP. Therefore VWD and TTP represent the opposite manifestations of VWF related disorders, tightly linked to each other.
Palladium Nanoparticles on Amphiphilic Carbon Spheres: A Green Catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura Reaction
Authors: Putta Chandra Babu , Ghosh Sutapa 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report the use of palladium nanoparticles stabilized on amphiphilic glucose‐derived carbon spheres as heterogeneous catalysts for Suzuki–Miyaura reactions. Reactions of aryl halides with various boronic acids in the presence of different bases and solvents including organic polar, non‐polar and water as sole solvent without the aid of phase‐transfer catalysts, under phosphine‐free and aerobic conditions have been studied. Especially, deactivated aryl bromides and activated aryl chlorides afforded good isolated yields in pure water. The catalyst was reused for up to four cycles without any marked loss in the activity.
Microwave‐Assisted Ruthenium‐Catalysed Olefin Metathesis in Fluorinated Aromatic Hydrocarbons: A Beneficial Combination
Authors: Samojłowicz Cezary , Borré Etienne , Mauduit Marc , Grela Karol 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHigh conversions in ruthenium‐based olefin metathesis of demanding substrates are commonly forced by using a high loading of a catalyst and conducting reactions at elevated temperature for extended times. However, in many cases this approach is not fully effective. In this article we present that fluorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (FAH) combined with microwave (MW) irradiation using a commercially available ruthenium‐based pre‐catalyst creates attractive reaction conditions for promoting challenging olefin metathesis transformations.
Room Temperature Nickel(II) Complexes [(4‐MeOC6H4)Ni(PCy3)2OTs and Ni(PCy3)2X2]‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling Reactions of Aryl/Alkenyl Sulfonates with Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Xing Chun‐Hui , Lee Jeng‐Ru , Tang Zhen‐Yu , Zheng Jin Rong , Hu Qiao‐Sheng 
Published: July 2011

AbstractRoom temperature nickel(II) complexes [(4‐MeOC6H4)Ni(PCy3)2OTs and Ni(PCy3)2X2 (X=Cl, Br)]‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions of aryl/alkenyl sulfonates with arylboronic acids are described. The nickel(II) complex (4‐MeOC6H4)Ni(PCy3)2OTs proved to be a general catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions of aryl sulfonates with arylboronic acids. By limiting the amount of the water in the initial catalytically active Ni(0) species generation stage, Ni(PCy3)2X2 (X=Cl, Br) could also be efficient catalysts for the cross‐coupling reactions a variety of aryl/activated alkenyl tosylates with arylboronic acids. The mild reaction condition, the easy availability of the catalysts and excellent coupling yields make these catalyst systems potentially useful in organic synthesis.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Cyclization of Unsaturated Acyl Chlorides and Ketones
Authors: Shen Li‐Tao , Shao Pan‐Lin , Ye Song 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA straightforward synthesis of optically active trifluoromethyl dihydropyranones and spirocyclic oxindole‐dihydropyranones has been realized by the chiral N‐heterocyclic carbenes‐catalyzed cyclization of α,β‐unsaturated β‐methylacyl chlorides with activated trifluoromethyl ketones or isatin derivatives.
Factors affecting aggression among females in captive groups of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Beisner Brianne A. , Isbell Lynne A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractCaptive groups of primates often exhibit higher rates of aggression than wild, free‐ranging groups. It is important to determine which factors influence aggression in captivity because aggression, particularly intense aggression, can be harmful to animal health and well‐being. In this study, we investigated the effect of ground substrate as well as season, rank, age, and group size on rates of agonistic interactions per female in seven captive groups of rhesus macaques (n = 70 females, 1,723 focal samples) at the California National Primate Research Center. Agonistic interactions were divided into three categories: displacements, mild aggression, and intense aggression. Females living in enclosures with gravel substrate were 1.7 times more likely to be involved in intense aggression (e.g. chases and physical contact) than females living in enclosures with grass (Poisson regression model: P<0.001). High‐ranking females were at least 1.3 times more likely to be involved in mild (e.g. threats and lunges) aggression than lower‐ranking females (low rank: P = 0.03; mid rank: P = 0.001). Females of all ranks were 1.5–1.9 times more likely to be involved in both intense and mild aggression during the breeding season than other seasons. Age and group size did not affect rates of mild or intense aggression. These findings indicate that although some aggression appears to be natural and unavoidable, i.e. aggression during the breeding season, the well‐being of captive macaques can be improved by developing grass substrate in outdoor enclosures. Am. J. Primatol. 73:1152–1159, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preparation, characterization, and biodegradability of renewable resource‐based composites from recycled polylactide bioplastic and sisal fibers
Authors: Wu Chin‐San 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe biodegradability, morphology, and mechanical thermal properties of composite materials composed of polylactide (PLA) and sisal fibers (SFs) were evaluated. Composites containing acrylic acid‐grafted PLA (PLA‐g‐AA/SF) exhibited noticeably superior mechanical properties because of greater compatibility between the two components. The dispersion of SF in the PLA‐g‐AA matrix was highly homogeneous as a result of ester formation and the consequent creation of branched and crosslinked macromolecules between the carboxyl groups of PLA‐g‐AA and hydroxyl groups in SF. Furthermore, with a lower melt temperature, the PLA‐g‐AA/SF composite is more readily processed than PLA/SF. Both composites were buried in soil to assess biodegradability. Both the PLA and the PLA‐g‐AA/SF composite films were eventually completely degraded, and severe disruption of film structure was observed after 6–10 weeks of incubation. Although the degree of weight loss after burial indicated that both materials were biodegradable even with high levels of SF, the higher water resistance of PLA‐g‐AA/SF films indicates that they were more biodegradable than those made of PLA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Learning of musculoskeletal ligament stress testing in a gross anatomy laboratory
Authors: Krause David A. , Youdas James W. , Hollman John H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractHuman anatomy in physical therapy programs is a basic science course serving as a foundation for subsequent clinical courses. Integration of anatomy with a clinical emphasis throughout a curriculum provides opportunities for reinforcement of previously learned material. Considering the human cadaver laboratory as a fixed cost to our program, we sought opportunities to add value to the resource via vertical integration into a clinical skills course taught later in the curriculum. We designed an opportunity for second‐year physical therapy students to revisit the human anatomy laboratory to study select clinical musculoskeletal tests and the associated anatomy in a clinically relevant context. Students performed select orthopedic ligament test on human cadavers, then incised specific structures and repeated the tests. Students were able to feel and visualize the function of pertinent anatomy associated with the clinical tests. Ninety‐five percent of respondents reported that the ligament stress testing experience enhanced their understanding of orthopedic clinical tests with 91% reporting an enhanced understanding of anatomy related to specific clinical tests. Likewise, the experience was perceived as enjoyable and valuable with 86% of respondents reporting the experience as enjoyable and 100% responding the experience should continue as part of the curriculum. Anat Sci Educ. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.
Physicians' assessment of the value of clinical information: Operationalization of a theoretical model
Authors: Grad Roland , Pluye Pierre , Granikov Vera , Johnson‐Lafleur Janique , Shulha Michael , Sridhar Soumya Bindiganavile , Moscovici Jonathan L. , Bartlett Gillian , Vandal Alain C. , Marlow Bernard , Kloda Lorie 
Published: July 2011

AbstractInspired by the acquisition–cognition–application model (T. Saracevic & K.B. Kantor, 1997), we developed a tool called the Information Assessment Method to more clearly understand how physicians use clinical information. In primary healthcare, we conducted a naturalistic and longitudinal study of searches for clinical information. Forty‐one family physicians received a handheld computer with the Information Assessment Method linked to one commercial electronic knowledge resource. Over an average of 320 days, 83% of 2,131 searches for clinical information were rated using the Information Assessment Method. Searches to address a clinical question, as well as the retrieval of relevant clinical information, were positively associated with the use of that information for a specific patient. Searches done out of curiosity were negatively associated with the use of clinical information. We found significant associations between specific types of cognitive impact and information use for a specific patient. For example, when the physician reported “My practice was changed and improved” as a result of this clinical information, the odds that information was used for a specific patient increased threefold. Our findings provide empirical data to support the applicability of the acquisition‐cognition‐application model, as operationalized through the Information Assessment Method, in primary healthcare. Capturing the use of research‐based information in medicine opens the door to further study of the relationships between clinical information and health outcomes.
Fluorescence Properties of 8‐(2‐Pyridyl)guanine “2PyG” as Compared to 2‐Aminopurine in DNA
Authors: Dumas Anaëlle , Luedtke Nathan W. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBecause of their environment‐sensitive fluorescence quantum yields, base analogues such as 2‐aminopurine (2AP), 6‐methylisoxanthopterin (6‐MI), and 3‐methylisoxanthopterin (3‐MI) are widely used in nucleic‐acid folding and catalysis assays. Emissions from these guanine mimics are quenched by base‐stacking interactions and collisions with purine residues. Fluorescent base analogues that remain highly emissive in folded nucleic acids can provide sensitive means to differentiate DNA/RNA structures by participating in energy transfer from proximal ensembles of unmodified nucleobases. The development of new, highly emissive guanine mimics capable of proper base stacking and base‐pairing interactions is an important prerequisite to this approach. Here we report a comparison of the most commonly used probe, 2‐aminopurine (2AP), to 8‐(2‐pyridyl)‐2′‐deoxyguanosine (2PyG). The photophysical properties of these purine derivatives are very different. 2PyG exhibits enhanced fluorescence quantum yields upon its incorporation into folded nucleic acids—approximately 50‐fold brighter fluorescence intensity than 2AP in the context of duplex DNA. Due to its bright fluorescence and compatibility with proper DNA folding, 2PyG can be used to accurately quantify energy‐transfer efficiencies, whereas 2AP is much less sensitive to structure‐specific trends in energy transfer. When using nucleoside monomers, Stern–Volmer plots of 2AP fluorescence revealed upward curvature of F0/F upon titration of guanosine monophoshate (GMP), whereas 2PyG exhibited unusual downward curvature of F0/F that resulted in a recovery of fluorescence at high GMP concentrations. These results are consistent with the trends observed for 2PyG‐ and 2AP‐containing oligonucleotides, and furthermore suggest that solutions containing high concentrations of GMP can, in some ways, mimic the high local nucleobase densities of folded nucleic acids.
One‐year results of the INSPIRE trial with the novel MGuard stent: Serial analysis with QCA and IVUS
Authors: Costa J. Ribamar , Abizaid Alexandre , Feres Fausto , Costa Ricardo , Staico Rodolfo , Siqueira Dimytri , Centemero Marinella , Tanajura Luiz Fernando , Sousa Amanda , Sousa J. Eduardo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackground: The newly developed balloon‐expandable Mguard stent system, a combination of an ultra‐thin polymer mesh sleeve attached to the external surface of a BMS, was conceived to provide embolic protection during PCI of SVG and thrombus‐containig lesions. Although the acute results (<30 days) have pointed to the efficacy of this novel device, few is known about its long‐term performance. Methods: The present article address the 1‐year clinical results of a cohort of 30 patients enrolled in the INSPIRE trial. Inclusion critiria was de novo lesions in SVG or native vessels with angiographic evidence of instability with potential to provoke flow disturbances and/or distal embolization. The primary endpoint (incidence of MACE‐composite of cardiac death, nonfatal MI, and TLR) up to 30 days of the procedure has already been published. Secondary endpoints here presented included in‐stent late lumen loss (QCA), % of stent obstruction (IVUS) at 6 months and combined MACE at 1 year. QCA and IVUS were performed by independent corelabs. Results: Mean population age was 63 years with 38% of diabetics. Overall, 55% presented with ACS and 57% of lesions were located in SVG. Most lesions had complex morphology including the presence of thrombus (26%) and ulceration (20%). Distal/proximal protection devices were not used. Preprocedural QCA data showed lesion length and reference vessel diameter of 12.0 ± 4.5 mm and 3.0 ± 0.5 mm. The MGuard stent was successfully delivered in all cases and final TIMI‐3 was achieved in 100% with no MACE up to 30 days. At 6 months, in‐stent late loss and % of stent obstruction were 1.0 ± 0.4 mm and 28.5 ± 15.6%. Up to 1 year there was no case of cardiac death, two MI (one Q‐wave and one non‐Q‐wave) and six cases of ischemia‐driven TLR. Of note, there was no case of definite/probable stent thorombosis. Conclusions: In this series of patients treated with MGuard stent, the novel device showed no midterm efficacy and safety concerns. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Acid‐Catalyzed Furfuryl Alcohol Polymerization: Characterizations of Molecular Structure and Thermodynamic Properties
Authors: Kim Taejin , Assary Rajeev S. , Marshall Christopher L. , Gosztola David J. , Curtiss Larry A. , Stair Peter C. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe liquid‐phase polymerization of furfuryl alcohol catalyzed by sulfuric acid catalysts and the identities of molecular intermediates were investigated by using Raman spectroscopy and density functional theory calculation. At room temperature, with an acid catalyst, a vigorous furfuryl alcohol polymerization reaction was observed, whereas even at a high water concentration, furfuryl alcohol was very stable in the absence of an acid catalyst. Theoretical studies were carried out to investigate the thermodynamics of protonation of furfuryl alcohol, initiation of polymerization, and formation of conjugated dienes and diketonic species by using the B3LYP level of theory. A strong aliphatic CC band observed in the calculated and measured Raman spectra provided crucial evidence to understand the polymerization reaction mechanism. It is confirmed that the formation of a conjugated diene structure rather than a diketone structure is involved in the furfuryl alcohol polymerization reaction.