bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Changes in Corneal Power in Young Patients With Progressive and Nonprogressive Keratoconus
Authors: Kinoshita Masaki , Koh Shizuka , Inoue Ryota , Ambrósio Renato , Jhanji Vishal , Maeda Naoyuki , Nishida Kohji 
Published: February 2025

Objectives:
To investigate the long-term changes in corneal power in young patients with keratoconus (KC) and compare corneal power between eyes with and without progression by Fourier analysis using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods:
Clinical records containing OCT data were retrospectively reviewed in patients with KC younger than 25 years at the first visit with a minimum follow-up duration of 2 years and at least one eye with abnormal KC findings. Eyes were divided into progressive (P) and nonprogressive (NP) groups using the ABCD grading system of Scheimpflug-based tomography. Baseline values and changes in Fourier components (spherical, regular astigmatism, asymmetry, and higher-order [HO] irregularity components) from the anterior and posterior corneal surfaces between the initial and last visits obtained with OCT were compared between both groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with stepwise selection was performed for baseline values to determine predictive baseline factors.

Results:
Twenty-three and 16 eyes were assigned to the P and NP groups, respectively. Changes in the anterior spherical and HO irregularity and posterior spherical components were significantly greater in the P group than in the NP group (P<0.05). Baseline HO irregularity, regular astigmatism, and asymmetry components from the posterior cornea were predictive of KC progression, with the highest areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.796, 0.760, and 0.740, respectively.

Conclusions:
Indices of regular and irregular astigmatism (asymmetry and HO irregularity) from the posterior corneal surface component can be potential prognostic indicators of KC progression in young patients.
The lived experiences of Ugandan community health workers engaged in prevention of vertical transmission of HIV and a capacity-building intervention.
Authors: Mocanu Victor , Brooks Hannah M , Namasopo Sophie , Opoka Robert O. , Hawkes Michael T 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
To explore the lived experiences of community health workers (CHW) engaged in efforts toward the elimination of vertical transmission (EVT) of HIV and to assess the impact of a capacity-building training intervention.

Design:
The study consisted of: (1) a qualitative assessment of lived experiences of CHWs; (2) a capacity-building training intervention responsive to identified needs; and (3) assessment of the training intervention using pre- and post-intervention questionnaires.

Methods:
Focus group discussions (FGD) and semi-structured key informant interviews (KII) in addition to CHW training sessions for HIV/EVT were held in one rural and one semi-urban setting in Uganda, based on training materials developed by the WHO and USAID. We used standardized pre- and post-intervention questionnaires to assess comprehensive knowledge and accepting attitudes toward HIV.

Results:
Qualitative exploration of the lived experience of 152 CHWs in ten FGDs and four KIIs revealed several themes: (1) CHWs as bridges between health system and community; (2) CHW assets (tacit knowledge and shared social networks); (3) CHW challenges (stigma, secrecy, and ethical quandaries); (4) favorable community reception; and (5) need for continuing education and reinforcement of skills. In response to identified needs, a capacity-building intervention was designed and implemented with 143 CHWs participating in 10 sessions. The proportion of participants with comprehensive knowledge of HIV increased from 45% to 61% (p=0.006) and the proportion endorsing accepting attitudes increased from 63% to 76% (p=0.013).

Conclusion:
CHWs are potentially valuable players in global EVT efforts. Ongoing training is needed to support community-level initiatives.
Upper Extremity Surgery in Hirayama Disease
Authors: Holzer Elad Y. , Clark Tod A. , Giuffre Jennifer L. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
Hirayama disease (HD) is a rare, nonfamilial, monomelic amyotrophy in which patients present with muscle atrophy and weakness of the forearms and hands, either unilateral or bilateral, and without sensory loss. Current treatment guidelines describe the role of conservative treatments including cervical collars and neurotropic medications, as well as spinal surgery in select patients. Upper extremity surgery has not yet been incorporated into the treatment algorithm of HD. The objective of this study is twofold: to present a case series of HD patients treated with the incorporation of nerve and tendon transfers and joint fusions into the existing treatment algorithm and to perform a literature review of interventions.

Methods
Three cases (4 limbs) of HD treated surgically with nerve and tendon transfers and fusion are retrospectively reviewed. The subjective and objective results from surgery are reported. A literature review is performed on PubMed using “Hirayama disease” and “peripheral nerve surgery,” “nerve transfer,” “tendon transfer,” “hand surgery,” or “upper extremity surgery” as search terms to identify studies describing surgical treatment of HD outside of spinal surgery.

Results
Three HD patients (4 limbs) were identified. The average age was 23 years old (range, 16–33 years). Patients presented with intrinsic muscle atrophy, hypothenar, and thenar atrophy. The disease had been present for an average of 6.5 years (range, 1.5–15 years) prior to referral. Two patients had unilateral involvement, whereas one had bilateral involvement. Two patients (3 limbs) were treated with an anterior interosseous (AIN) to ulnar motor nerve transfer, whereas a patient with delayed presentation underwent thumb metacarpophalangeal joint fusion and a Zancolli lasso to the fingers. All patients had subjective and objective improvements postoperation.
The literature reveals three independent case reports of HD patients treated with upper extremity surgery. Two papers describe using a tendon transfer, whereas one paper describes an AIN to ulnar motor nerve transfer. All patients demonstrated functional improvements in follow-up.

Conclusions
HD can be successfully treated with a combination of upper extremity surgery and nerve transfers. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first literature review and the largest case series presenting such interventions in HD.
The 1st London Head and Neck Reconstruction Course
Authors: Williams Mariella , Gundle Leo , Cereceda-Monteoliva Nicholas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Performing free flap microsurgery is an important skill in head and neck reconstruction and is associated with a steep learning curve. Learning to raise free flaps can be challenging, and opportunities can be limited in early surgical training. Surgical trainees may wish to undertake a course to develop these fundamental skills outside of clinical practice. The London Head and Neck Reconstruction Course (LHNRC) provided an excellent educational experience for surgical trainees with an interest in head and neck reconstruction. Focused on raising four commonly used free flaps (radial forearm, anterolateral thigh, fibular, and scapular), this course featured 14 hours of training including lectures, demonstration, and simulated practice on cadaveric specimens. Highlights included a high faculty-to-delegate ratio, fresh cadaveric material, and ample time for simulated practice. The LHNRC in its inaugural year was well received and is recommended for surgical trainees interested in head and neck reconstruction.
Early primary care follow-up is associated with improved long-term functional outcomes among injured older adults
Authors: Tillmann Bourke W. , Yee Elliott K. , Guttman Matthew P. , Mason Stephanie A. , Jaakkimainen Liisa , Pequeno Priscila , Nathens Avery B. , Haas Barbara 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Older adults who survive injury frequently experience functional decline, and interventions preventing this decline are needed. We therefore evaluated the association between early primary care physician (PCP) follow-up and nursing home admission or death among injured older adults.

METHODS
We performed a retrospective, population-based cohort study of community-dwelling older adults (65 years or older) discharged alive after injury-related hospitalization (2009–2020). The exposure of interest was early PCP visit (within 14 days of discharge). The primary outcome was time to death or nursing home admission in the year after discharge. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the relationship between early PCP visit and this outcome, adjusting for baseline characteristics.

RESULTS
Among 93,482 patients (63.7% female; mean age, 79.8 years), 24,167 (25.9%) had early follow-up with their own PCP and 6,083 (6.5%) with a different PCP. In the year after discharge, 16,676 patients (17.8%) died or were admitted to a nursing home. After risk adjustment, early follow-up with one's own PCP was associated with a 15% reduction in the hazard of death or nursing home admission relative to no follow-up (hazard ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.83–0.87). Follow-up with a different PCP was not associated with the outcome (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.95–1.03). These relationships were consistent across all age, sex, frailty, and injury severity strata.

CONCLUSION
Among injured older adults, early follow-up with their own PCP was associated with increased time alive and at home. These findings suggest strategies to integrate PCPs into postinjury care of older adults should be explored.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/Care Management; Level III.
Evaluating trauma awareness in health care: Insights from the AAST and Trauma Prevention Coalition Survey
Authors: Yao June , Nahmias Jeffry , Tinkoff Glen , Kuhls Deborah A. , Diaz Graal , Bonne Stephanie , Tatebe Leah , Moren Alexis , Carter Kristen , Castater Christine , Palacio-Lascano Carlos , Prentiss Sue , Duncan Thomas K. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Trauma-informed care (TIC) is a framework designed to understand and address the impacts of trauma, ensuring physical, psychological, and emotional safety for all involved. It seeks to prevent retraumatization and promote a sense of control and empowerment across diverse populations.

METHOD
This Trauma Prevention Coalition survey study assessed TIC implementation among members from 13 of the 16 participating organizations, focusing on prevalence, awareness, and training gaps.

RESULTS
Out of 948 participants, 91% (n = 861) were affiliated with trauma centers. In adult trauma centers: 19.3% were from Level I, 9.4% from Level II, 5.4% from Level III, 3.1% from Level IV, and 1.2% from Level V. In addition, 1.2% were from nonadult trauma centers, and 2.5% worked in centers serving both adult and pediatric patients. In pediatric centers: 18.6% were from Level I, 13.0% from Level II, 1% from Level III, and 67.0% from nonpediatric centers. Trauma-informed care principles were integrated into the core values of 35.5% of trauma centers, while 64.5% had not adopted them. Only 17.0% had TIC training plans, with 57.7% lacking or unaware of such plans. Bivariate regression analysis indicated that TIC integration decreased for Level II, Level IV, and nontrauma centers compared with Level I adult trauma centers, but increased for Level III. In pediatric centers, TIC integration decreased for Level II, Level III, Level IV, and nontrauma centers compared with Level I. Pediatric trauma centers showed a higher TIC integration rate (71.6%) compared with adult centers (39.4%, p < 0.01).

CONCLUSION
TIC adoption varies significantly across trauma center levels, with higher prevalence in pediatric and Level I centers. The study underscores the need for comprehensive TIC training within trauma care systems.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic/care management; Level III.
A common algorithm for confidence judgements across visual, auditory and audio-visual decisions
Authors: West Rebecca K , Matthews Natasha , Mattingley Jason B , Sewell David K 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMost studies investigating the computational basis of decision confidence have focused on simple visual perceptual tasks, leaving open questions about how confidence is formed in decisions involving other sensory modalities or those requiring the integration of information across modalities. To address these gaps, we used computational modelling to analyse confidence judgements in perceptual decisions involving visual, auditory, and audio-visual stimuli. Drawing on research into visual confidence, we adapted models from the literature to evaluate their fit to our data, comparing three popular classes: unscaled evidence strength, scaled evidence strength, and Bayesian models. Our results show that the scaled evidence strength models consistently outperformed the other model classes across all tasks and could also be used to predict behaviour in the audio-visual task from the unidimensional auditory and visual model fits. These findings suggest that confidence judgements across different perceptual decisions rely on a shared algorithm that dynamically accounts for both sensory uncertainty and evidence strength, without the computation of posterior probabilities. Additionally, we investigated the algorithms used for multidimensional (audio-visual) confidence judgements specifically, showing that participants integrated both the visual and auditory dimensions of the stimulus, rather than relying solely on the most informative modality, and used a modality-independent measure of sensory uncertainty to adjust their confidence. Overall, our findings provide evidence for a common algorithm underlying confidence judgements across modalities and demonstrate the broad applicability of the scaled evidence strength algorithm, even in tasks requiring the integration of distinct sensory information.
Deciphering the antecedents of ethical fashion consumption and its linkage with consumer purchase intention
Authors: Garg Priyanka , Garg Yakshi , Singh Sumanjeet , Chamola Pankaj , Kumar Vimal , Raj Rohit , Kumar Amit , Paliwal Minakshi 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Conscious consumers have been influenced to either cut back on their fashion consumption or switch to ethical clothing (EC) as a result of the detrimental social effects of fast fashion that have been seen over the past 10 years. It also reflects how the ethical belief of the young generation influences them to be conscious of the ill effects of their fashion choices or behave like an ignorant irresponsible buyer. This study aims to examine this issue in detail to find out the prevalence and impact of such beliefs on consumption choices over a period of time.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses the cross-sectional data of 525 respondents from India to explore and unearth the EC phenomenon in emerging markets. It follows a two-step approach consisting of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling to examine the proposed hypotheses using AMOS 22 software.

Findings
It was found that consumers in developing economies are concerned about the ethical standards followed by the fashion industry (FI), which is reflected in the form of inhuman working conditions for FI workers.

Research limitations/implications
This study emphasizes understanding attitude, subjective norms, behavioral control and EC related to ethical buying behavior and their interaction mechanisms that transform it into the actual buying intention of EC.

Originality/value
It was an eye-opener that collective societal culture and standards do not influence ethical purchase decisions but it is rather the individual’s own ethical rules which is a result of established core family values that significantly shape fashion consumption. This study advances existing literature by empirically verifying the relationship between consumer attitude, consumers’ subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, environmental concern with ethical buying behavior and ethical purchase intention. It could provide insightful information and support academic research as well as real-world marketing and environmental initiatives.
Understanding how perceived value enhances consumer loyalty toward energy-efficient appliances: the role of satisfaction and product category
Authors: Le Bao Ngoc , Nguyen Hoang Viet , Nguyen Dung Minh 
Published: February 2025

PurposeOver energy consumption is one of the causes of global warming and climate change. To deal with this issue, using energy-efficient appliances is strongly encouraged and cultivating consumer loyalty toward energy-efficient appliances is crucial for long-term sustainability. This study investigates the effects of multiple dimensions of perceived value on consumer satisfaction and three outcomes of consumer loyalty (i.e. willingness to pay a premium, repurchase intention and word-of-mouth intention), considering the moderating role of the product category.Design/methodology/approachQuota sampling based on age and gender and snowball sampling methods were applied to recruit 423 participants for this study. A combination of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), importance-performance map analysis (IPMA) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) was employed to examine the proposed model.FindingsFunctional, price, emotional and environmental values positively impact consumer satisfaction, enhancing the three dimensions of consumer loyalty. The product category moderates the effects of perceived value dimensions on consumer satisfaction. Moreover, the IPMA results highlight that functional value and environmental value are the most essential but underperforming value attributes. The NCA results indicate that social value is a necessary condition for consumer satisfaction.Originality/valueThis study is one of the pioneers in integrating PLS-SEM, IPMA and NCA approaches to comprehensively unpack the relationships between perceived value dimensions, consumer satisfaction and consumer loyalty in the context of energy-efficient appliances. The findings offer theoretical and practical importance for academics, retailers, producers and policymakers to encourage consumer loyalty toward energy-efficient appliances.
Predictive roles of environment, social, and governance scores on firms’ diversity: a machine learning approach
Authors: Koseoglu Mehmet Ali , Arici Hasan Evrim , Saydam Mehmet Bahri , Olorunsola Victor Oluwafemi 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
Environmental, social and governance (ESG) scores are compelling for firm strategy and performance. Thus, this study aims to explore ESG scores’ predictive roles on global firms’ diversity scores.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 1,114 global firm-year data from the Thomson Reuters Eikon database was analyzed using machine learning algorithms like rpart, support vector machine, partykit and evtree.

Findings
The results reveal a positive association between diversity, resulting in greater comprehensiveness and relevance. Broadly speaking, the two factors with the most significant values for calculating the overall diversity scores of businesses are ESG scores and social scores. ESG scores and environmental scores are the most effective predictors for the diversity pillar and people development scores. In contrast, community and social scores are the most important predictor factors for the inclusion scores.

Originality/value
The research is particularly pertinent to managers and investors considering ESG issues while making decisions. The results indicate that leaders and practitioners should prioritize ESG elements and diversity problems to enhance performance.
Factors explaining the de-internationalization of academic spin-offs
Authors: Castillo Elizabeth , Fernandez-Alles Mariluz , Sanchez Jose Manuel 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
This study aims to analyze the process of academic spin-offs’ de-internationalization, examining the internal and external factors that influence this strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a conceptual methodological approach that integrates a theoretical review to examine the factors influencing academic spin-offs’ decisions to cancel or reduce their presence in international markets, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, in whole or in part, and at early or later stages of their internationalization process.

Findings
The results suggest that academic spin-offs face more significant challenges in their internationalization process than other small- and medium-sized enterprises. Each of the factors analyzed can explain the type, extent and timing of de-internationalization, and their impact may vary according to the pattern of internationalization followed by these firms. Furthermore, this paper highlights that academic spin-offs de-internationalization processes are often influenced more by internal factors than by external ones. Equally, it is recognized that these factors do not act independently in de-internationalization but are interrelated and may be conditioned by each other.

Originality/value
This study offers various perspectives by assessing the nonlinear internationalization patterns of academic spin-offs. Moreover, it contributes significantly to the literature on academic entrepreneurship and internationalization by integrating de-internationalization as an essential component of the international academic spin-off life cycle.
The impact of motivation and management system on individual and organizational performance
Authors: Madzík Peter , Soukup Petr , Zimon Dominik , Droppa Milan , Štichhauerová Eva , Šírová Eva , Lysenko-Ryba Kateryna 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe growth of interest in individual and organizational performance has elevated the importance of theories that explain their mutual relationships. The aim of this study is to thoroughly explore how different factors that boost performance, such as individual motivation and management systems, are connected to the results achieved by both individuals and the organization as a whole.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 409 employees across heterogenous companies. A structural equation model (SEM) was used to examine the relationships among the performance enable variables and output performance variables.FindingsThe results of the final model show (1) a strong relationship between individual and organizational performance, (2) a moderate relationship between an individual’s satisfaction with the task between internal motivation and individual performance, (3) a moderate relationship between organizational skills between internal motivation and organizational performance, (4) a relationship between adherence to the principles of management systems and organizational performance. It was also found that (5) the motivation of employees mediates the relationship between adherence to the principles of management systems and individual performance.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation could be the choice of scales for individual factors, as some of them have not been validated in the past and have only been empirically examined in this study. Another limitation could be the geographical scope of the study, as the data were collected from only one country.Originality/valueThis research introduces a new approach to exploring the relationship between motivational factors, management systems and performance at both individual and organizational levels. Unlike previous studies that focused on isolated performance components, our research presents a comprehensive model integrating these factors into a unified framework. This model offers deeper insights into how the combination of internal motivations and management systems impacts performance in various contexts. The research fills a gap in the literature on the interactions between these key components and provides new empirical evidence on their influence in achieving performance goals.