bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thinking Outside the Clocks: The Effect of Layered‐Task Time on the Creative Climate of Meetings
Authors: Agypt Brett , Rubin Beth A. , Spivack April J. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe turbulence of the new economy puts demands on organizations to respond rapidly, flexibly and creatively to changing environments. Meetings are one of the organizational sites in which organizational actors “do” creativity; interaction in groups can be an important site for generating creative ideas and brainstorming. Additionally, Blount (2004) demonstrated the importance of organizational temporalities for group performance. We draw on both of these literatures and examine how temporal structures influence the climate for creativity, or the extent to which creativity is fostered, within groups. Specifically, we develop a hypothesis linking organization‐ and job‐level temporal structures to the extent to which managers structure meetings with a climate supportive of creativity. Our results demonstrate that a nuanced relationship exists between temporal structures and creative climate such that certain temporal structures appear to either enhance or decrease the creative climate of meetings. We end with a discussion of the implications of the findings for management.
Commercialization of high oleic canola oils
Authors: DeBonte Lorin , Iassonova Diliara , Liu Linsen , Loh Willie 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHigh oleic canola oils were developed through plant breeding in the 1980's as a trans fat solution. More than 25 years after its initial launch, high oleic canola oils include a series of products with fatty acid profiles tailored for both foodservice and food processing. High oleic canola oil has taken most of the market for trait enhanced oils while other specialty oils have either seen significant market share reduction or failure. High oleic canola oils with 23%–27% linoleic acid are ideal for fried foods, while those with less than 20% are most suitable in the manufacture of shelf stable foods. In addition to improved nutrition, the next generation of high oleic canola oils will significantly reduce packaging costs.
Analysis of EPA and DHA and distinction between fish oils and concentrates
Authors: Sun Pan Bonnie 
Published: August 2012

AbstractFish oil is the major dietary source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Adequate dietary intake of these n‐3 PUFA is beneficial to reduce the risks of cardiovascular mortality, prostate cancer, and neurological disorders in children and adults. There is a surge in demand for fish oil in the functional food market. Microencapsulation of fish oil is the trend to improve its stability and sensory quality. The EPA and DHA content of the fish oil products may vary markedly from the label due to their susceptibility to oxidation. Quick and reliable methods other than the AOAC BF3 method have been exploited to quantify EPA and DHA in the encapsulated fish oil and the microencapsulated powdered products such as infant formula. This article describes a method to differentiate the ethyl‐ester form from the TAG form of EPA and DHA in encapsulated fish oil which may be a mixture of natural triacylglycerol enriched with ethyl esterified EPA and DHA. A method is recommended due to the difference in apparent potency of these two esterified forms, which may be a concern in infant formula and elsewhere.
Memory and Development of Textures of Polydomain Nematic Elastomers
Authors: Higaki Haruko , Urayama Kenji , Takigawa Toshikazu 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe texture development during the polydomain‐to‐monodomain (PM) transition in nematic elastomers with isotropic (I‐PNE) or nematic genesis (N‐PNE) is studied. I‐PNE exhibits a uniform polydomain texture, and the PM transition occurs at a constant small force, resulting in a uniform monodomain texture. N‐PNE exhibits the Schlieren texture that is composed of large domains with many defects and is similar to that before cross‐linking. N‐PNE requires much more mechanical work than I‐PNE for the PM transition. In N‐PNE, remnants of the initial texture are still observed in the stretched aligned state, while the initial texture and dimensions are completely restored when the imposed strain is removed. The permanent memory of the initial texture becomes a robust constraint to the rotation of the local directors.
One‐Pot Preparation of Core–Shell, Organic–Inorganic, Hybrid Latexes by In Situ Nanoparticle Precipitation in Pickering Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Pakdel Amirsaeid , Pourmahdian Saeed , Eslami Hormoz 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA one‐pot emulsion polymerization process to produce silica nanoparticles fixed on polymer particles is presented. Simultaneous nanoparticle formation/monomer emulsification and later polymerization of monomers prevent the agglomeration of silica particles and result in hybrid organic–inorganic, core–shell latexes. The emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate is performed using nascent silica nanoparticles, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, and ammonium persulfate as Pickering surfactant, cosurfactant, and initiator, respectively. The effects of parameters like temperature, initiator type and concentration, and cosurfactant and silica precursor amounts on the polymerization, coagulation percentage, and morphology of hybrid particles are determined using SEM and TEM.
Thermoresponsive Supramolecular Dendrimers via Host–Guest Interactions
Authors: Yan Jiatao , Zhang Xiaoqian , Zhang Xiuqiang , Liu Kun , Li Wen , Wu Peiyi , Zhang Afang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractA series of first‐ and second‐generation supramolecular dendrimers (SDs) was prepared via host–guest interaction from the cyclodextrin trimer and oligoethylene glycol (OEG)‐based threefold dendritic guests. These SDs are water soluble at room temperature but show characteristic thermoresponsive behavior at elevated temperatures. Their thermoresponsiveness was investigated by UV–Vis spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements. Supramolecular complexation from a mixture of two dendritic guests with different hydrophilicity was performed to check the feasibility to tune the phase transition temperatures of codendrimers. Based on temperature‐varied 1H NMR spectra, it was found that the SDs start to decompose when the OEG units are dehydrated.
Synthesis and Characterization of β‐CD‐Coated Polystyrene Microspheres by γ‐Ray Radiation Emulsion Polymerization
Authors: Xu Dezhi , Wang Mozhen , Ge Xuewu , Lam Michael Hon‐Wah 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPolystyrene (PS) microspheres coated with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) were fabricated via γ‐ray‐induced emulsion polymerization in a ternary system of styrene/β‐CD/water (St/β‐CD/water). The solid inclusion complex of St and β‐CD particles formed at the St droplets–water interface can stabilize the emulsion as the surfactant. TEM and XPS results showed that β‐CD remains on the surface of PS particles. The average size of the PS particles increases from 186 to 294 nm as the weight ratio of β‐CD to St rises from 5% to 12.5%. The water contact angle (CA) of PS latex film is lower than 90°, and reduces with the β‐CD content even to 36°. Thus, this work provides a new and one‐pot strategy to surface hydrophilic modification on hydrophobic polymer particles with cyclodextrins through radiation emulsion polymerization.
Prospective optical motion correction for 3D time‐of‐flight angiography
Authors: Kopeinigg Daniel , Aksoy Murat , Forman Christoph , Straka Matus , Seaman Danielle , Rosenberg Jarrett , Fleischmann Dominik , Hornegger Joachim , Bammer Roland 
Published: August 2012

AbstractMagnetic resonance angiograms are often nondiagnostic due to patient motion. In clinical practice, the available time to repeat motion‐corrupted scans is very limited—especially in patients who suffer from acute cerebrovascular conditions. Here, the feasibility of an optical motion correction system to prospectively correct patient motion for 3D time‐of‐flight magnetic resonance angiography was investigated. Experiments were performed on five subjects with and without parallel imaging (SENSE R = 2) on a 1.5 T unit. Two human readers assessed the data and were in good agreement (kappa: 0.77). The results from this study indicate that the optical motion correction system greatly reduces motion artifacts when motion was present and did not impair the image quality in the absence of motion. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference between the (vendor‐provided) SENSE and the nonaccelerated acquisitions. In conclusion, the optical motion correction system tested in this study has the potential to greatly improve 3D time‐of‐flight angiograms regardless of whether it is used with or without SENSE. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
MRI‐related static magnetic stray fields and postural body sway: A double‐blind randomized crossover study
Authors: van Nierop Lotte E. , Slottje Pauline , Kingma Herman , Kromhout Hans 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe assessed postural body sway performance after exposure to movement induced time‐varying magnetic fields in the static magnetic stray field in front of a 7 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Using a double blind randomized crossover design, 30 healthy volunteers performed two balance tasks (i.e., standing with eyes closed and feet in parallel and then in tandem position) after standardized head movements in a sham, low exposure (on average 0.24 T static magnetic stray field and 0.49 T·s−1 time‐varying magnetic field) and high exposure condition (0.37 T and 0.70 T·s−1). Personal exposure to static magnetic stray fields and time‐varying magnetic fields was measured with a personal dosimeter. Postural body sway was expressed in sway path, area, and velocity. Mixed‐effects model regression analysis showed that postural body sway in the parallel task was negatively affected (P < 0.05) by exposure on all three measures. The tandem task revealed the same trend, but did not reach statistical significance. Further studies are needed to investigate the possibility of independent or synergetic effects of static magnetic stray field and time‐varying magnetic field exposure. In addition, practical safety implications of these findings, e.g., for surgeons and others working near magnetic resonance imaging scanners need to be investigated. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Catalytic multiecho phase unwrapping scheme (CAMPUS) in multiecho gradient echo imaging: Removing phase wraps on a voxel‐by‐voxel basis
Authors: Feng Wei , Neelavalli Jaladhar , Haacke E. Mark 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPhase images reflect local field variations including susceptibility contributions and play a key role in a number of imaging applications. However, due to the limited dynamic range of phase values, phase wrapping invariably occurs at long echo times. High pass filtering and region‐growing approaches have been common themes in the effort of removing phase wraps. In this article, a novel voxel‐by‐voxel phase unwrapping scheme taking advantage of short interecho spacing of multiecho gradient echo imaging is proposed. By removing spurious sources of phase variations and exploiting the special features of the flow‐induced phase component, phase increments during adjacent echoes can be unveiled that exhibit no phase aliasing. This unaliased phase information is then used to unwrap all the phase images at all of the echoes. Data of 15 volunteers scanned at 3 and 1.5T were processed with the proposed algorithm and two other algorithms in the literature (PhUN and branch cut). It is shown that the proposed approach is fast and effective in unwrapping all the phase values even for voxels in the eyes and the skull, which the other algorithms failed to unwrap. Thus, in multiecho gradient echo imaging, the proposed algorithm has major potential in various applications involving phase processing. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Commissioning of MRI‐only based treatment planning procedure for external beam radiotherapy of prostate
Authors: Kapanen Mika , Collan Juhani , Beule Annette , Seppälä Tiina , Saarilahti Kauko , Tenhunen Mikko 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn radiotherapy, target tissues are defined best on MR images due to their superior soft tissue contrast. Computed tomography imaging is geometrically accurate and it is needed for dose calculation and generation of reference images for treatment localization. Co‐registration errors between MR and computed tomography images can be eliminated using magnetic resonance imaging‐only based treatment planning. Use of ionizing radiation can be avoided which is especially important in adaptive treatments requiring several re‐scans. We commissioned magnetic resonance imaging‐only based procedure for external radiotherapy, treatment planning of the prostate cancer. Geometrical issues relevant in radiotherapy, were investigated including quality assurance testing of the scanner, evaluation of the displacement of skin contour and radiosensitive rectum wall, and detection of intraprostatic fiducial gold seed markers used for treatment localization. Quantitative analysis was carried out for 30 randomly chosen patients. Systematic geometrical errors were within 2.2 mm. The gold seed markers were correctly identified for 29 out of the 30 patients. Positions of the seed midpoints were consistent within 1.3 mm in magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. Positional error of rectal anterior wall due to susceptibility effect was minimal. Geometrical accuracy of the investigated equipment and procedure was sufficient for magnetic resonance imaging‐only based radiotherapy, treatment planning of the prostate cancer including treatment virtual simulation. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A case of peripheral nerve microvasculitis associated with multiple myeloma and bortezomib treatment
Authors: Mauermann Michelle L. , Blumenreich Martin S. , Dispenzieri Angela , Staff Nathan P. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Bortezomib‐induced peripheral neuropathy typically presents as a painful, length‐dependent sensory predominant neuropathy. Methods: A case report, including nerve pathology, is presented of a man with multiple myeloma who developed a severe motor predominant polyradiculoneuropathy in the setting of bortezomib treatment. We also review the Mayo Clinic Hematology Dysproteinemia database for patients treated with bortezomib. Results: A 53‐year‐old man with Stage III multiple myeloma developed a severe motor predominant polyradiculoneuropathy following bortezomib treatment with electrophysiological features of multiple conduction blocks and pathological evidence of peripheral nerve microvasculitis. Our institutional experience is that 36.5% of dysproteinemia patients treated with bortezomib develop treatment‐emergent peripheral neuropathy, and the most common pattern is a painful sensory predominant peripheral neuropathy. Conclusions: A motor predominant polyradiculoneuropathy is a rare presentation of bortezomib‐associated peripheral neuropathy in multiple myeloma patients which may progress despite treatment withdrawal and may be due to microvasculitis. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Clinical evolution of pure upper motor neuron disease/dysfunction (PUMMD)
Authors: D'amico Emanuele , Pasmantier Meredith , Lee Yei‐won , Weimer Louis , Mitsumoto Hiroshi 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroduction: PLS is defined as pure upper motor neuron disease/dysfunction (PUMND) beyond 48 months after symptom onset. We know little about its early stages, but such knowledge would help to identify the mechanisms underlying PLS and ALS and determine why PLS patients seem to be protected against lower MND (LMND). Methods: We reviewed 622 MND cases during a 4‐year period and identified 34 patients with PUMND (5.4%). Results: Among 23 cases with follow‐up data/electromyograms (EMGs; 2 had only 1 EMG), 13 (57%) remained classified as PUMND, and 8 (35%) developed LMND (mean, 51.4 months after onset). Of these 8, LMND developed in 3 after 48 months from symptom onset. Patients with PUMND and LMND were more functionally impaired (P = 0.02). Separately, we identified 5 patients with PUMND who developed LMND long after 48 months (range, 50–127 months). Conclusions: PLS belongs to the ALS spectrum, and perhaps all cases eventually develop LMND. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Camptocormia as a late presentation in a manifesting carrier of duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Findlay Andrew R. , Lewis Sarah , Sahenk Zarife , Flanigan Kevin M. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Camptocormia, or bent spine syndrome, is an abnormal posture consisting of forward flexion of the spine that disappears when a patient is supine. It is associated with a wide variety of myopathic disorders that affect paraspinal muscles, including inflammatory and inherited myopathies.Methods:We describe a woman who presented with camptocormia in her eighth decade.Results:Skeletal muscle biopsy showed mild nonspecific changes, but her family history was significant for a son who died of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Genetic analysis of DMD confirmed that she was a heterozygous carrier of a mutation.Conclusions:In the absence of any alternate explanation, we interpret her symptoms to be a manifestation of her DMD carrier state. To our knowledge, this represents the first reported example of camptocormia as the presenting symptom in a carrier and suggests that a manifesting carrier state should be considered in the differential diagnosis for women with unexplained camptocormia. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Novel mutations in the gene encoding very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase identified in patients with partial carnitine palmitoyltransferase ii deficiency
Authors: Isackson Paul J. , Sutton Kristin A. , Hostetler Karl Y. , Vladutiu Georgirene D. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Twenty‐six patients with clinical symptoms of adult onset carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPTII) deficiency were examined. All patients had skeletal muscle CPTII enzyme activity levels indicative of heterozygosity for CPT2 mutations, however sequence analysis identified no pathogenic mutations within the CPT2 gene. Methods: Because the reaction product of CPTII is the substrate for very long‐chain acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase (VLCAD), we examined the ACADVL gene in these patients by sequence analysis. Results: Missense mutations within the ACADVL gene were identified in 3 of the patients. Conclusions: The locations of the altered amino acid residues within the crystal structure of VLCAD are on the surface of the molecule and may be involved in interactions with neighboring molecules. These findings support the importance of considering that mutations may be present in the ACADVL gene when a significant partial deficiency is found in CPTII activity, but no mutations in the CPT2 gene can be identified. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Synthesis and characterization of a new guar gum 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid resin and its use for the separation of heavy metal ions in industrial effluents
Authors: Singh A.V. , Kumawat Indraj Kumar 
Published: August 2012

AbstractHydroxybenzoic acid group has been incorporated onto guar gum by modified Porath's method of functionalization of polysaccharides. The newly synthesized guar gum 4‐hydroxybenzoic acid (GHBA) resin was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis, ion‐exchange capacity, column reusability, and physicochemical properties. The distribution coefficient (Kd) values and effect of pH on chelation of these metal ions using batch method were studied. The separations of mixture of Fe2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ metal ions on GHBA resin on the basis of their distribution coefficient at various pH were also achieved using column chromatography. The effect of experimental parameters such as pH, treatment time, agitation speed, temperature, adsorbent dose, initial metal ion concentration, and flow rate on the removal of metal ions has been also studied. GHBA resin is effective adsorbents for the removal of different toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions and follows the order: Fe2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > Pb2+. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Nanocomposites of poly(ethylene oxide) and multiwall carbon nanotube prepared using an organic salt‐assisted dispersion technique
Authors: Ratna Debdatta , Jagtap Siddheshwar B. , Abraham Thomas 
Published: August 2012

AbstractPoly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)/multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared by dispersion of MWCNTs in aqueous solution using half neutralized sodium salt of sebacic acid as a modifier. The physical interaction of half neutralized sodium salt of sebacic acid with MWCNT (cation‐π interaction) has been established by using Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic analyses. Such interaction helps in debundling the MWCNTs and resulted in a better dispersion in PEO matrix as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Addition of MWCNT significantly improves the storage modulus in rheological measurements as well as in dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The crystallization behaviors of the composites made with the unmodified and modified MWCNTs were investigated. The modified MWCNT‐based composites shows large number of spherulite with smaller size compared to those observed in unmodified MWCNT‐based composite. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Formation of biodegradable polymeric fine particles by supercritical antisolvent precipitation process
Authors: Bakhbakhi Yousef , Asif Mohammad , Chafidz Achmad , Ajbar Abdelhamid 
Published: August 2012

AbstractThe supercritical antisolvent (SAS) precipitation process as a “green” alternative to specialty particles recrystallization was successfully used to generate poly(L‐lactide) acid (L‐PLA) from dichloromethane (DCM) solution using CO2 as antisolvent. The influence of main operating parameters on the synthesis of L‐PLA particles in the SAS process was methodically examined. In particular, antisolvent addition rate (30, 40, 50, and 60 g/min), temperature (35, 40°C, 45°C, and 50°C), solute concentration (50, 75, 100, and 150 mg/10 ml), and solution addition rate (1, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 ml/min). These parameters could be tuned to give a mean particle diameter of 0.62 μm. It was found using scanning electron microscopy and laser diffraction that increasing the antisolvent addition rate and the solution addition rate, while decreasing the temperature and solute concentration, led to a decrease in the L‐PLA mean particle diameter. Furthermore, a unimodal particle size distribution was obtained at the higher solution and antisolvent addition rates. Spherical‐like primary particles have been obtained in all the experimental runs; thus, no change of particle morphology with the process parameters has been noticed. These results manifested that SAS recrystallization process is a valuable technique to generate reproducibly polymer particles with controlled size and size distribution. POLYM. ENG. SCI. 2013. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers