bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Replication of two novel susceptibility loci for non‐syndromic orofacial clefts in a Chinese population
Authors: Pan Y , Ma J , Zhang W , Wang Y , Wang Y , Zhang H , Wang M , Zhang Z , Wang L 
Published: September 2010

Oral Diseases(2011)17, 304–308Objectives: Non‐syndromic orofacial clefts (NSOC) are the most common developmental disorders in human beings. Recently, two genome‐wide association studies in European Caucasians identified three novel NSOC susceptibility loci: rs987525 on 8q24, rs7078160 on 10q25.3, and rs223371 on 17q22. The aim of this study was to determine the association of these polymorphisms with NSOC susceptibility and its subgroups in a Chinese Han population.Material and methods: In this study, 199 NSOC patients and 210 healthy individuals were recruited. SNP rs987525 was not genotyped because of its low frequency in the study subjects. The other two polymorphisms (rs7078160 and rs223371) were respectively genotyped by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) and Taqman‐MGB assay.Results: Overall genotype distributions of rs7078160 and rs223371 polymorphisms were consistent with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test. The allele and genotype frequencies of the two polymorphisms were not significantly different between cases and controls. Further analysis indicated that none of the genotypes was associated with increased risk of NSOC. Similar results were also found when all cleft cases were stratified by cleft types.Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with a lack of involvement of the rs7078160 and rs223371 polymorphisms in the development of NSOC in the Chinese Han population.
HLA‐C/KIR genotypes in oral lichen planus patients infected or non‐infected with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Carrozzo M , Elia A , Mereu V , Dametto E , Fasano ME , Broccoletti R , Rendine S , Amoroso A 
Published: September 2010

Oral Diseases (2011) 17, 309–313Objectives:  Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and resembles graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) both clinically and histologically. The killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR) genes encode a family of receptors expressed on NK and T cells and are supposed to play a significant role in GVHD and HCV infection. The aim of this study was to analyze the association among OLP, HCV infection and variants in KIR gene expression.Methods:  A total of 81 patients with OLP (36 HCV+ve and 45 HCV−ve) and 217 healthy controls (HCV−ve) were typed for the presence of eight KIR genes and of HLA‐Cw* alleles by polymerase chain reaction‐sequence specific primer.Results:  There were no significant differences in the frequency of the KIR genes and HLA‐C1/C2 group alleles between cases and controls. We only found a significant difference in the frequency of the gene KIR2DL2 between HCV+ve and HCV−ve OLP patients.Conclusions:  The present data suggest that OLP is not associated with particular KIR genes or with HLA‐Cw* alleles in patients without HCV infection. Contrarily, the role of the genes in OLP‐HCV+ve patients remains unclear and might warrant further researches.
Interaction between Smad 3 and Dishevelled in murine embryonic craniofacial mesenchymal cells
Authors: Warner DR , Greene RM , Pisano MM 
Published: September 2010

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Warner DR, Greene RM, Pisano MMObjectives –  To determine the in vivo interaction between Smad 3 and Dishevelled‐1.Design –  Cell culture transfection followed by immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies.Setting and Sample Population –  The Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Craniofacial Biology, Birth Defects Center, University of Louisville.Experimental Variable –  Overexpression of myc‐Smad 3.Outcome Measure –  Western blotting of anti‐Dishevelled immunoprecipitates for Smad 3.Results –  Smad 3 and Dishevelled isoforms‐1, ‐2, and ‐3 all bind Smad 3 in glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST) pull‐down assays and Smad 3 binds to Dishevelled‐1 in vivo. Stimulation of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway leads to increased binding of Smad 3 and Dishevelled‐1 in vivo.Conclusion –  Smad 3 binds all three known isoforms of Dishevelled and binds Dishevelled 1 in vivo. TGFβ signaling modulates the interaction between Smad 3 and Dishevelled‐1.
In vitro friction of stainless steel arch wire–bracket combinations in air and different aqueous solutions
Authors: Al‐Khatib S , Berradja A , Celis J‐P , Willems G 
Published: September 2010

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Al‐Khatib S, Berradja A, Celis J‐P, Willems G.Objectives –  To investigate the in vitro coefficient of friction of stainless steel arch wire–bracket combinations under fretting contact test conditions performed in air and in different aqueous solutions, like Ringer solution, Ringer with addition of a buffer, Ringer with addition of glucose, and Coca Cola®.Methods –  The fretting test set‐up used allowed to control on‐line the contact configuration and the positioning of the contacting parts. A specific positioning method was used to achieve a parallel alignment of arch wire and bracket slot. The effect of arch wire size, roughness, and test environment were investigated.Results –  It was found that the aqueous solutions act as a lubricant compared to air. Friction was affected by the arch wire width while the roughness was found to have a limited effect. Stainless steel 0.018′′ × 0.025′′ arch wires exhibited higher frictional forces than stainless steel 0.017′′ × 0.025′′ arch wires on sliding against stainless steel 0.018′′ × 0.025′′ brackets in the selected test environments when tested under identical fretting test conditions. The wear damage on the arch wire after these in‐vitro fretting tests was investigated. It revealed that these in‐vitro tests are governed by a competition between oxidational wear and abrasive wear taking place at contact areas between brackets and arch wires.Conclusions –  For all aqueous solutions a lower coefficient of friction was found compared to tests performed in ambient air.
Microdontia after chemotherapy in a child treated for neuroblastoma
Authors: Remmers D , Bökkerink JPM , Katsaros C 
Published: September 2010

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Remmers D, Bökkerink JPM, Katsaros CObjective –  Chemotherapy used on paediatric oncology patients often causes disturbances in dental development. Aim of this case report is to present the late effects of chemotherapy on dental development in a patient treated for neuroblastoma at early age.Design –  Case report.Results –  This paper presents a female patient treated at early age with surgery and chemotherapy for a neuroblastoma (stage IVS) in the right thorax and massive liver metastases. The examination of the patient at age 11.7 years showed microdontia of six teeth. In three of them size and form of the crown were affected, while in the other three the size was reduced but the form was not affected.Conclusions –  Chemotherapy on children treated for neuroblastoma can adversely influence tooth development. This has to be taken into consideration by the dentist when monitoring the development of the dentition and occlusion.
Synchrotron radiation‐based microtomography of alveolar support tissues
Authors: Dalstra M , Cattaneo PM , Beckmann F 
Published: September 2010

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Dalstra M, Cattaneo PM, Beckmann FObjectives –  To study the alveolar support structures using synchrotron radiation (SR)‐based microtomography with particular focus on the alveolar surface.Design –  High‐resolution microtomography of jaw segments of various species and subsequent three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction.Setting and Sample Population –  Microtomography was performed at the DORIS‐ring of the synchrotron facility of HASYLAB/DESY in Hamburg, Germany. The samples consisted of human, simian and porcine jaw segments.Results –  With SR being monochromatic, no beam‐hardening artifacts could occur and the grey values in the scans were therefore directly related to the local tissue densities. Apart from the mineralized tissues, the beam energy was low enough to allow for the visualization of soft tissues like the fibers of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and blood vessels. 3D reconstructions of the alveolar bone showed that it can be rough and sharply edged. Furthermore, an intricate network of marrow cavities and blood vessels penetrates its surface. Differences in the local grey value distribution in the alveolar bone pointed to remodeling activity in the close vicinity of the PDL.Conclusion –  The assumption that the alveolar bone surface is smooth and continuous is not correct. This means that even small orthodontic loads can already give rise to high local stresses and strains in the bone and thus initiate remodeling processes.
In vivo study of metal content of oral mucosa cells in patients with and without fixed orthodontic appliances
Authors: Amini F , Borzabadi Farahani A , Jafari A , Rabbani M 
Published: September 2010

Structured AbstractAuthors –  Amini F, Borzabadi Farahani A, Jafari A, Rabbani MObjective –  To compare the concentration of nickel, chromium and cobalt in oral mucosa cells of patients with and without fixed orthodontic appliances.Materials and Methods –  A total of 60 patients were included in this study. The control group consisted of 30 patients without any type of fixed orthodontic appliances or metal restoration in the mouth (20 females and 10 males from 16 to 20 years with a mean age of 18 years). The test group consisted of 30 patients who had fixed orthodontic appliance in their upper and lower arches (20 females and 10 male from 16 to 20 years with a mean age of 18.2 years). The metal content determinations were carried out using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with a graphite furnace.Results –  According to spectrophotometric analysis, no significant differences in chromium (p = 0.09) and cobalt (p = 0.10) content of oral mucosa cells were found between the test and control samples. The nickel content in mucosa samples was significantly higher (p = 0.003) in orthodontic patients compared with the controls. The mean levels of nickel in control and orthodontic patient group were 12.26 and 21.74 ng / ml, respectively.Conclusion –  Our findings indicate that there was no difference in the concentration of chromium and cobalt in oral mucosa cells of patients with or without fixed appliances. However, a significantly higher concentration of nickel can be found in oral mucosa cells of patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliances. Continued follow‐up is needed to determine the long‐term significance of nickel release.
Suspicious pigmented tumor in Mulvihill‐Smith syndrome
Authors: Fühler‐Stiller Maren , Tronnier Michael 
Published: September 2010

SummaryMulvihill‐Smith syndrome is a rare progeria‐like disorder with characteristic findings including premature aging, short stature, pointed face and multiple melanocytic nevi. A young patient with this syndrome was referred to our department because of a pigmented tumor which was suspected to be a malignant melanoma.
Modern Liver MR Imaging Contrast Agents
Authors: Huppertz A. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryMR Imaging has revealed high performance for focal liver lesion detection and characterization during a single examination procedure. Liver‐specific contrast media have shown to further increase the detection rate. The first liver‐specific contrast media approved where not injected as a bolus avoiding the acquisition of early dynamic sequences. The recently approved gadolinium‐based agent gadoxetic acid is offering for the first time a combination of an excellent and extracellular space contrast medium‐equivalent safety profile, a high diagnostic accuracy in lesion detection and characterisation by a highly liver‐specific uptake.
Clinical applications of intravascular magnetic resonance contrast agents
Authors: Essig M. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryGadofosveset Trisodium (Vasovist) is a safe and well tolerated intravascular contrast agent, currently approved in Europe and Canada. It has proved to be effective in the asessment of vascular diseases at all vascular territories. The possibility to image at steady state opens new horizons by increasing the spatial resolution and the robustness of diagnostic MRA. Initial studies proved the possibility to image beyond the vascular territory and to assess enhancing lesions as known from studies with standard contrast agents.
Comparison of Computed Tomographic and Standard Radiographic Determination of Tibial Torsion in the Dog
Authors: Apelt Detlef , Kowaleski Michael P. , Dyce Jonathan 
Published: September 2010

Objective— To compare the effect of internal tibial rotation on the computed tomographic (CT) and standard radiographic assessment of tibial torsion (TT) in dogs.Study Design— In vitro study.Sample Population— Cadaveric canine hind limbs (6 pairs).Methods— The cranial cruciate ligament was transected, and caudo‐cranial radiographic and transverse CT images were obtained with the femur and tibiae in a neutral position, and after 15° internal tibial rotation. Radiographic TT was determined by measuring the distance (d) between the calcaneus and the sulcus of the talus. CT determination of TT was performed using the proximal transcondylar and the distal cranial tibial axes. The distance (d) in the 2 groups and the difference in the CT determination of TT between groups were compared with a hypothetical mean value of 0 mm and 0°, respectively.Results— The mean distance (d) for the neutral radiographic group was not significantly different from 0 (P=.473); however, for the 15° group it was significantly different (P<.0001). The difference in the CT determination of TT did not differ from 0 (P=.317).Conclusion— The standard radiographic technique does not discriminate between internal TT and internal rotation of the tibia. Thus, dogs with normal tibial conformation can be depicted by radiography as torsed, whereas dogs with TT may be misinterpreted as normal because of arbitrary positioning.Clinical Relevance— Lateral displacement of the medial border of the calcaneus on a caudo‐cranial radiograph should not be used as the sole arbiter of TT before surgical correction.
Breastfeeding practice in the UK: midwives’ perspectives
Authors: Furber Christine M. , Thomson Ann M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDespite breastfeeding prevalence increasing, many mothers in developed countries are dissatisfied with care provided by midwives. However, a paucity of research exists related to midwives’ experiences of supporting breastfeeding mothers. This study explored the experiences of English midwives’ during their breastfeeding support role. A qualitative study using grounded theory principles was used. Data were collected using in‐depth interviews and analysed using constant comparative techniques. The setting was two maternity hospitals in the North of England, UK. Thirty midwives who cared for normal, healthy babies participated. Volunteers were recruited using theoretical sampling techniques. The core category that emerged is called ‘surviving baby feeding’ and relates to midwives’ experiences when supporting mothers. The results reported in this paper refer to one category called ‘doing well with feeding’ which has three main themes: (1) communicating sensitively, (2) facilitating breastfeeding, and (3) reducing conflicting advice. Participating midwives reported practice that suggests that they valued breastfeeding, attempted to provide realistic information and advice, and tried to minimise confusion for mothers. However, some midwives used an authoritative manner when conversing with mothers. English midwives’ reported practice demonstrates that these midwives appreciated that breastfeeding mothers required specific support. However, breastfeeding education that encourages midwives to develop effective skills in ascertaining mother’s needs, but also encourages mothers to effectively participate in their care, should be provided. Further research is needed to clarify breastfeeding mother’s expectations and needs.
Effectiveness of double‐layer air‐cell overlay on tangential force in healthy young women with their head in an elevated position
Authors: SUGAMA Junko , SANADA Hiromi , OKUWA Mayumi , KONYA Chizuko , KITAGAWA Atsuko , TAMAI Nao , NAGAKAWA Takukazu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim:  A semi‐reclining position in a bed is not desirable from a pressure ulcer prevention viewpoint, even with the use of support surfaces, because such positioning often leads to bottoming out and body movement, which is a cause of shear. Thus, the authors have developed a new, double‐layer overlay to prevent the onset of pressure ulcers for patients who require a head‐elevation position of 45 degrees or higher. The effects on avoiding bottoming out during head elevation were reported. But the effects on tangential force (shear) were not verified because appropriate sensors were not available. The purpose of this study was to estimate the body movement on the double‐layer overlay by observing skin deformation in the gluteal region.Methods:  In order to observe the skin deformation in the gluteal region visually in a patient in the head elevation position, a transparent air‐cell overlay was created and compared with a single overlay for six healthy female subjects who were in the head elevation of 45 and 70 degrees. The subjects were all informed of the purpose of this study.Results:  The double‐layer overlay showed only significantly small displacement along the vertical axis at the head elevations of 45 and 70 degrees, and it was also effective with respect to the feelings felt by the subjects.Conclusion:  These results suggested that the double‐layer overlay seems effective for maintaining posture for those who need a head elevated position of 45 degrees or higher.
How public health nurses understand mothers of abused and neglected children: The perception of ‘Shindosa’ in mothers
Authors: UENO Masae , KAYAMA Mami , MURASHIMA Sachiyo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim:  The purpose of this paper is to describe the practical knowledge that public health nurses use in identifying and providing assistance to the mothers of child abuse victims.Methods and Results:   A grounded theory qualitative research method was used to collect and analyse semistructured interviews of 22 public health nurses from health centers in Osaka, Japan. The data was systematically analysed by using a constant comparison process. The participants had an average age of 46.2 years with an average of 21.6 years of experience in their profession. The research examined the perspective of the public health nurses regarding the mothers of child abuse victims. The key factor ‘shindosa’, which is a sense of fatigue, defeat, or lack of energy, emerged from the data. In addition, public health nurses used a two‐step process of perception. First, public health nurses began providing assistance to mothers by noticing the presence of shindosa in thems. Nurses became concerned by the state of the mothers and the way they interacted with their children. They perceived that the mother might be experiencing shindosa. Second, through continuous involvement with the mothers, public health nurses came to ascertain the essence of shindosa in mothers. Thus, their initial vague impression of the presence of shindosa became the catalyst to providing assistance to the mothers, and as a result, they gradually understood the fundamental nature of shindosa.Conclusion:  By focusing on mothers as well as children, public health nurses successfully achieved their goal to provide the appropriate and specific care to each mother with shindosa as a solution in the prevention of child abuse.
Predictors and correlates of the frequency and the length of verbal communications between nursing staff and elderly residents in geriatric care facilities
Authors: FUKAYA Yasuko , SUZUKI Kazuko , SHITITA Keiko 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAim:   The present study was conducted to clarify the type and frequency of verbal communication between caregivers and elderly residents in geriatric care facilities. The relationship of this verbal communication was studied in terms of the caregivers talking to elderly residents and the utterances issued by the elderly residents. The attributes of the elderly residents were also studied.Methods:  There were 35 eldery residents living in three metropolitan geriatric care facilities. Observations were made of caregivers talking to elderly residents and of elderly residents talking to caregivers in order to conduct a content analysis that categorized the types of verbal communication observed. A statistical analysis of the relationship between the frequency and duration of verbal communication and attributes of the elderly residents was carried out.Results:  There were two category types of talking to elderly residents by a caregiver: ‘talking to elicit the ‘activities of daily living (ADL)‐related behavior/performance or physical functioning’ (type I: instrumental communication) and ‘talking to facilitate psychosocial life activities’ (type II: affective communication), of which the former accounted for 75.9%. The number of spontaneous utterances from elderly residents was very low, with most utterances being responses to caregivers talking to them. There was a tendency for utterances from the elderly residents to increase as the total time of being talked to by caregiver increased (r = 0.47, P < 0.01). The total amount of time a caregiver spent talking to elderly residents was longer for people with low versus high mobility and for people with dementia versus people without dementia (t = 3.4, P < 0.01).Conclusion:  The correlation between type II communication and the mean frequency of utterances by elderly residents was high (r = 0.72, P < 0.01) compared with type I, suggesting that the former type of communication is more likely to elicit utterances by elderly residents.
HL‐A8 AND HAPLOTYPE HL‐A1‐8 IN COELIAC DISEASE
Authors: Ludwig H. , Granditsch And G. , Polymenidis Z. 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYHL‐A antigens in fifty‐four coeliac children and in parents and healthy siblings of forty‐seven of these patients have been determined, thus allowing deduction of haplotypes and segregation analysis. HL‐A8 frequency was found highly significantly increased (χ2= 37.92; P≪ 0.001) in coeliac children compared with a control group of 240 unrelated individuals; the increase of HL‐A1 frequency is attributed to linkage disequilibrium between the genes involved. The haplotype HL‐A1‐8 frequency was also found significantly increased in coeliac children (χ2= 55.13; P≪ 0.001) with frequency elevation in the healthy siblings (χ2= 31.45; P≪ 0.001) in comparison with the controls.In segregation analysis a significant deviation from the expected distribution of HL‐A8 (χ2= 15.38) and to a somewhat lesser degree of HL‐A1 (χ2= 12.45 could be shown in coeliac children while there was no significant deviation in the distribution of these antigens detectable in their healthy siblings. Only a few haplotypes were frequent enough to be included in segregation analysis of haplotypes. Again in coeliac children a positive correlation with haplotype HL‐A1‐8 was found differing significantly from the expected distribution (χ2= 8.05), whereas this haplotype appeared almost evenly distributed in the healthy siblings of the patients.
DEMONSTRATION OF AN ALLOANTIGEN ON THE PERITONEAL EXUDATE CELLS OF INBRED STRAINS OF MICE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CHROMOSOME 7 (LINKAGE GROUP I)
Authors: Archer James R. , Davies D. Allen L. 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYAn alloantiserum has been obtained in the mouse which differentiates specifically between lymph node cells and a sub‐population of peritoneal cells. The antigen is associated with chromosome 7 (linkage group I).