bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring health professionals' knowledge, practices and attitudes regarding gestational diabetes: A cross‐sectional Irish national survey
Authors: Dunne Pauline , Culliney Linda , O'Mahony Louise , Byrne Molly , Murphy Andrew W. , O'Reilly Sharleen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimGestational diabetes confers short‐ and long‐term risk of mother and offspring health complications. Healthcare professionals such as endocrinologists, diabetes nurses, dietitians, midwives and general practitioners provide gestational diabetes care. We sought to explore healthcare professionals’ perspectives on gestational diabetes care during pregnancy and postpartum.MethodsHealthcare professionals in the Republic of Ireland, whose role included gestational diabetes care were invited to complete an online 20‐item survey between June and September 2022. Social media, professional organisations and personal networks were used for recruitment. Questions included guideline use, postpartum diabetes screening and advice practices. Analyses were performed using SPSS statistical software and free text was coded using NVivo.ResultsSeventeen healthcare professions across primary and secondary care settings participated (n = 127). No differences were noted between groups (medical, nursing/midwifery, allied health/other); therefore, findings were reported as a single group. Healthcare professionals reported using multiple different guidelines to support gestational diabetes management (n = 14). The most cited were ‘Health Service Executive guidelines’ (24.5%), ‘local guidelines’ (13.2%) and National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines (11.3%); 12.3% cited uncertainty, and 27.5% reported not to follow any named guidelines. For postpartum follow‐up, 39% felt clear guidelines were available to support practice, 37% felt appropriate systems were in place and 29% reported effective communication between primary and secondary care services. Qualitative findings emphasised a desire for improved communication between systems, participants and providers, clear interdisciplinary guidelines, and adequate resourcing for gestational diabetes management and postpartum diabetes prevention, including comprehensive support and follow‐up.ConclusionSystem‐level challenges and ineffective communication across settings are barriers to optimum postpartum care. Nationally agreed guidelines for best practice gestational diabetes management including postpartum diabetes prevention are needed.
A commentary on the role of hatcheries and stocking programs in salmon conservation and adapting ourselves to less‐than‐wild futures
Authors: Harrison Hannah L. , Berseth Valerie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHatcheries and stocking programs serve a variety of objectives, including the conservation of salmon populations. Much attention has been given to the importance of genetic integrity and adaptive capacity of salmon stocks, particularly as they interact with hatchery‐origin fish. Literature on hatchery and stocking programs has increasingly focused on genetic indicators of quality and success, with genetically ‘wild’ salmon valued over hatchery‐influenced salmon. However, conservation in the Anthropocene is challenging paradigms of wildness and definitions of conservation success. For salmon populations that exist on the ragged edge of climate change where threats are unlikely to be remediated to the status of ecologies past, definitions of ‘wild’ and the role of conservation hatcheries and stocking becomes convoluted. If definitions of ‘wild’ or ‘natural’ salmon depend on salmon archetypes situated in historic ecologies, then what do salmon futures look like? In that context, we argue to expand from primarily genetic criteria for conservation stocking to additional criteria cognizant of hybrid ecosystems and future human‐salmon relationships. We draw on the concept of adaptive epistemologies within the context of conservation‐oriented hatchery and stocking programs to critically reflect on knowledge paradigms and values that underlie salmon conservation stocking efforts and the changing ecosystems in which they are situated. We critique ‘wild’ discourses rooted in western thought and make suggestions toward a reimagining of salmon conservation‐via‐hatchery in the Anthropocene that allows for expansive human‐salmon futures. Critically, we conclude with warnings against using the arguments in this paper as social permission to use hatcheries as a conservation panacea.
Examining the process of a collaborative strategic planning initiative: The pediatric shift care initiative in Pennsylvania Medicaid
Authors: Hafer Joseph A. , Harris Nicole M. , Zander Gwen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines a collaborative strategic planning initiative undertaken by Pennsylvania's Office of Medical Assistance Programs (OMAP) to enhance service delivery for children with medical complexity in Medicaid Managed Care. By engaging a broad spectrum of stakeholders OMAP employed a structured yet adaptable process to collaborative strategic planning that resulted in multiple actionable recommendations. Analysis of the process provides insights for strategic management practice and research by identifying key process design features and process context factors. Findings reveal that success was primarily driven by effective leadership, strategic stakeholder engagement, and robust cross‐sector collaboration. The initiative exemplifies how structured, yet adaptable collaborative strategic planning can result in innovations to public service delivery. This case not only provides vicarious learning but also underscores the importance of systemic and inclusive approaches to public management.
Validity evidence for personality scores from algorithms trained on low‐stakes verbal data and applied to high‐stakes interviews
Authors: Stevenor Brent A. , Hickman Louis , Zickar Michael J. , Wimbush Fletcher , Beck Weston 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe present multifaceted validity evidence for machine learning models (referred to as automated video interview personality assessments (AVI‐PAs) in this research) that were trained on verbal data and interviewer ratings from low‐stakes interviews and applied to high‐stakes interviews to infer applicant personality. The predictive models used RoBERTa embeddings and binary unigrams as predictors. In Study 1 (N = 107), AVI‐PAs more closely reflected interviewer ratings compared to applicant and reference ratings. Also, AVI‐PAs and interviewer ratings had similar relations with applicants' interview behaviors, biographical information, and hireability. In Study 2 (N = 25), AVI‐PAs had weak‐moderate (nonsignificant) relations with subsequent supervisor ratings of job performance. Empirically, the AVI‐PAs were most similar to interviewer ratings. AVI‐PAs, interviewer ratings, self‐reports, and reference‐reports all demonstrated weak discriminant validity evidence. LASSO regression provided superior (but still weak) discriminant evidence compared to elastic net regression. Despite using natural language embeddings to operationalize verbal behavior, the AVI‐PAs (except emotional stability) exhibited large correlations with interviewee word count. We discuss the implications of these findings for pre‐employment personality assessments and effective AVI‐PA design.
Re‐membering Mission
Authors: Gunda Masiiwa Ragies 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article grapples with the Anglican Communion's Five Marks of Mission, raising questions such as: Does the Communion need a mission? Does mission need the Communion? And do the Five Marks of Mission speak to the mission of God or mission of and in the Communion? Central to the article is the anxiety about the potential consequences of mission based on historic experiences of people from colonized territories, hence the use of a decolonial approach in this article. The article is also cognizant of the coloniality that continues to influence intra‐Communion and ecumenical relations. It asks whether the Five Marks of Mission carry in them some decoloniality impulses that could fundamentally heal the wounds of the past, celebrate the diversity in the Communion presently, and re‐envision a future in which the Communion sees itself as having a role to play in the missio Dei.
Negotiating Popular Culture and Public Theology in the Indonesian Context
Authors: Wijaya Yahya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study relates theology to popular culture. As a platform for expressing the experiences of present‐day life, popular culture is theologically challenging. Scientific discourses on popular culture have revealed the significance of popular culture in society and its characteristics as a “translocal” cultural pattern. Using the approach of public theology, this study explores meeting points of theology and popular culture in the context of the Indonesian public sphere. The findings suggest that contextual encounters between theology and popular culture should take the form of negotiations rather than adaptations or confrontations.
Risk factors for liver enzyme elevation with remdesivir use in the treatment of paediatric COVID‐19
Authors: Jinda Tsuyoshi , Mizuno Shinsuke , Tatami Shunsuke , Kasai Masashi , Ishida Tatsuhiko 
Published: May 2024

AimRemdesivir (RDV) causes liver enzyme elevation in adults; however, the frequency of this elevation in children and the associated risk factors are largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to examine risk factors for liver enzyme elevation in hospitalised paediatric patients who received RDV.MethodsThis was a retrospective case–control study of all patients aged <18 years who were diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 and received RDV at a tertiary care hospital between February 2022 and September 2023. Demographic and clinical data were retrieved from the medical records and analysed. Patients with liver enzyme elevation were defined as cases, while those with no liver enzyme elevation were defined as controls. The two groups were compared and analysed for possible risk factors for liver enzyme elevation with RDV use.ResultsSixty‐six patients were treated with RDV, 12 (18.2%) of whom developed liver enzyme elevation. Liver enzyme elevation was associated with the median duration of RDV administration (7.5 days vs. 3 days, P = 0.012), median total RDV dose (17.7 mg/kg vs. 10.3 mg/kg, P = 0.017) and acetaminophen use (67% vs. 22%) (odds ratio = 4.34; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–19.97, P = 0.023). All patients showed improvement, except three who had no liver enzyme measurements after having the highest aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase values during the observation period.ConclusionLiver enzyme elevation was reversible after discontinuing RDV use. Overall, RDV can be considered safe in children with careful monitoring.
Successional dynamics of species composition, functional traits and assembly mechanisms during the 60‐year long history of agricultural transformations in subarctic tundra communities
Authors: Novakovskiy Alexander Borisovich , Panyukov Andrey Nikolaevich , Yakimov Basil Nikolaevich 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsTundra communities are known for their harsh environmental conditions and tundra is one of the most vulnerable biomes on Earth. Restoring these unique communities after anthropogenic impact is crucial for the sustainable development of northern regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the recovery of subarctic tundra after long‐term agricultural use.LocationSubarctic zone, European northeast, Vorkuta district, Komi Republic, Russia.MethodsIn the latter half of the twentieth century, large areas of tundra were plowed and cultivated with cereals to be used as fodder in livestock farms. These areas were subsequently abandoned (1990–2000) and the stage of natural recovery began. From 1960 to 2017 one of these plant communities was regularly assessed and we used these data, along with data from a reference tundra community, to examine changes in community assembly. We evaluated biodiversity indices, functional diversity using various plant traits and phylogenetic diversity.ResultsAgricultural management in tundra areas has led to the development of a meadow community that differs significantly from the typical tundra found in similar landscapes. The highest level of meadow biodiversity was observed under moderate anthropogenic pressure. The most significant changes in plant community assembly were observed after withdrawal from agricultural use. The average plant height, leaf area, and leaf dry matter content increased, while the average specific leaf area and leaf nitrogen content decreased. The functional and phylogenetic clustering was replaced by overdispersion.ConclusionsOver the 20‐year period following the cessation of agricultural use, we observed a decrease in the vitality of cultivated cereals and overall biodiversity. However, there was a redistribution of species abundance rather than a complete change in species composition. Deciduous and evergreen shrubs have not become introduced in sufficient abundance to transform the artificial meadow into the typical subarctic willow–shrub tundra. This is a fundamental difference between abandoned agricultural lands of the tundra zone and those of more southern regions, which are rapidly overgrown with pioneer tree or shrub species.
Long‐term risk of cardiovascular disease associated with MASLD and different cardiometabolic risk factors in IBD patients: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhang Qian , Xu Fang , Liu Si , Zhu Shengtao , Zhang Shutian , Wu Jing , Wu Shanshan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo examine the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks associated with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and different numbers of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRFs) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based on a long‐term prospective cohort.MethodsPrevalent IBD patients at baseline who were free of CVD, cancer, alcoholic liver disease, cancer and hepatitis B/C virus seropositive were included (N = 4204). MASLD, MASLD subtypes [pure MASLD, MASLD with increased alcohol intake (MetALD)], lean/non‐lean MASLD and CMRFs at baseline were defined according to the latest criteria proposed by AASLD and EASL. The primary outcome was incident CVD, including ischaemic heart disease (IHD), heart failure (HF) and stroke. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the relationship.ResultsOverall, 1528 (36.4%) were diagnosed with MASLD at baseline. During a median of 13.1‐year follow‐up, 503 incident CVDs were identified. Compared with IBD‐only, IBD‐MASLD patients had an increased risk of CVD (HR = 1.77, 95%CI: 1.26–2.49), especially in those with MetALD (HR = 2.34, 1.34–4.11) and lean MASLD (HR = 2.30, 1.13–4.66). As the number of CMRFs increased, the risks of CVD were significantly increased (p
trend <0.001), with a 116% and 92% excess risk in MASLD with 3 CMRFs (HR = 2.16, 1.48–3.15) and ≥4 CMRFs (HR = 1.92, 1.27–2.91). Similar excess risk of incident IHD and HF was observed in IBD‐MASLD, either pure MASLD or MetALD, as well as lean/non‐lean MASLD.ConclusionsMASLD is associated with increased CVD risk in IBD patients, with greater risk as number of CMRFs increased and evidently higher risk in MetALD and lean MASLD patients.
Perceived family‐centered care and post‐traumatic stress in parents of infants cared for in the paediatric cardiac intensive care unit
Authors: Lisanti Amy J. , Min Jungwon , Golfenshtein Nadya , Marino Bradley S. , Curley Martha A. Q. , Medoff‐Cooper Barbara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundFamily‐centred care (FCC), while a core value of paediatric hospitals, has not been well‐studied in the paediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU).AimTo describe parents' perceptions of FCC provided by nurses in the PCICU during their infant's recovery from neonatal cardiac surgery and explore associations of perceptions of FCC on parent post‐traumatic stress (PTS) 4 months post‐discharge.Study DesignData obtained from a previously conducted randomized clinical trial (RCT) on telehealth home monitoring after neonatal cardiac surgery at three free‐standing paediatric hospitals were analysed from a subset of 164 parents who completed the FCC Scale at hospital discharge, which measures a parent's experience of nursing care that embodies core principles of FCC. The RCT intervention was provided after hospital discharge, having no influence on parent's perception of FCC. The intervention also had no effect on PTS.ResultsPerceived FCC was lowest for items ‘nurses helped me feel welcomed’ and ‘nurses helped me feel important in my child's care’. Having 12%–19% points lower perception of FCC at hospital discharge was associated with parent experience of six or more PTS symptoms, at least moderate PTS symptom severity, or PTS disorder diagnosis at 4‐month follow‐up. Every 10% increase in parental perceptions of FCC was associated with less PTS symptoms (β = −0.29, SE = 0.12; p = .02) and lower PTS symptom cluster scores of arousal (β = −0.18, SE = 0.08; p = .02).ConclusionsParents who perceived lower FCC during their infants' hospitalization were at increased risk for the development of PTS symptoms, more PTS symptom severity and PTS disorder diagnosis 4‐months post‐discharge.Relevance to Clinical PracticeNurses have a prominent role to support the implementation of FCC for infants with cardiac defects and their parents. FCC may positively influence overall parent mental health and well‐being, reducing the trauma and distress of the PCICU experience.
Coordinated control for the auricle asymmetric development by ZmIDD14 and ZmIDD15 fine‐tune the high‐density planting adaption in maize
Authors: Liu Dan , Ning Qiang , Zhai Lihong , Teng Feng , Li Yunfu , Zhao Ran , Xiong Qing , Zhan Jimin , Li Zhen , Yang Fang , Zhang Zuxin , Liu Lei 
Published: May 2024

SummaryMultiple distinct specialized regions shape the architecture of maize leaves. Among them, the fringe‐like and wedge‐shaped auricles alter the angle between the leaf and stalk, which is a key trait in crop plant architecture. As planting density increased, a small leaf angle (LA) was typically selected to promote crop light capture efficiency and yield. In the present study, we characterized two paralogous INDETERMINATE DOMAIN (IDD) genes, ZmIDD14 and ZmIDD15, which contain the Cys2‐His2 zinc finger domain and function redundantly to regulate auricle development and LA in maize. Loss‐of‐function mutants showed decreased LA by reducing adaxial sclerenchyma thickness and increasing the colourless cell layers. In addition, the idd14;idd15 double mutant exhibited asymmetrically smaller auricles, which might cause by a failed maintenance of symmetric expression of the key auricle size controlling gene, LIGULELESS(LG1). The transcripts of ZmIDD14 and ZmIDD15 enriched in the ligular region, where LG1 was highly expressed, and both proteins physically interacted with ZmILI1 to promote LG1 transcription. Notably, the idd14;idd15 enhanced the grain yield of hybrids under high planting densities by shaping the plant architecture with a smaller LA. These findings demonstrate the functions of ZmIDD14 and ZmIDD15 in controlling the abaxial/adaxial development of sclerenchyma in the midrib and polar development along the medial‐lateral axes of auricles and provide an available tool for high‐density and high‐yield breeding in maize.
Supply chain/transaction cost insights into the profitability of health insurers during 2020, the start of COVID‐19
Authors: Baranoff Etti G. , Sager Thomas W. , Yang Charles , Shi Bo , Baranoff Dalit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVarious US populations make up different health care markets/segments, and health insurers specialize in serving specific populations. US health insurers soared in profits during 2020, the first year of the Covid‐19 pandemic. The profit gains were unequal among segments. This research uses a supply chain/transaction costs economics (SC/TCE) model to find insights into the profitability differences. The SC/TCE model consists of three spheres of profitability determinants: health care characteristics, transactions costs differentials, and governance methods. Our univariate analyses combined with weighted regression results reveal that, for Medicaid, a significant increase in profitability was associated with a decrease in medical expenses, whereas the opposite is observed for the group and Medicare Advantage plans. Another finding is that transaction costs differentials led to significant increases in profitability for group and Medicare plans with opposite results for Medicaid plans. These results provide important practical implications for policymakers.
What is habit and how can it be used to change real‐world behaviour? Narrowing the theory‐reality gap
Authors: Gardner Benjamin , Rebar Amanda L. , de Wit Sanne , Lally Phillippa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHabit change is often seen as key to successful long‐term behaviour change. Making ‘good’ behaviours habitual—that is, ensuring a behaviour is prompted automatically on exposure to situational cues, based on cue‐response associations learnt through context‐consistent repetition—is portrayed as a mechanism for sustaining such behaviours over time. Conversely, disrupting ‘bad’ habits is expected to terminate longstanding unwanted actions. Yet, some commentators have suggested that the role of habit in real‐world behaviour and behaviour change has been overstated. Such critiques highlight a gap between habit theory and the reality of human behaviour ‘in the wild’. This state‐of‐the‐field review aims to narrow this gap. Building on a core distinction between habit and habitual behaviour, our review seeks to offer interpretations of habit theory and evidence that will better manage intervention designers' expectations regarding how modifying habit can realistically be expected to promote behaviour change. We emphasise that habit is just one potential influence on behaviour at any given moment, and highlight instances in which habit may dominate over intention, and in which intention may dominate over habit, in determining behaviour frequency. We suggest that, while it may assist behaviour maintenance, habit formation may be neither necessary nor sufficient to sustain real‐world behaviour change. We draw attention to the various ways in which habit may be ‘broken’ (i.e., disrupted), and discern the implications of each habit disruption mechanism for long‐term cessation of unwanted behaviours.
Independent regulation of strigolactones and blumenols during arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in rice
Authors: Servanté Emily K. , Halitschke Rayko , Rocha Catarina , Baldwin Ian T. , Paszkowski Uta 
Published: May 2024

SUMMARYThe apocarotenoid strigolactones (SLs) facilitate pre‐symbiotic communication between arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and plants. Related blumenol‐C‐glucosides (blumenols), have also been associated with symbiosis, but the cues that are involved in the regulation of blumenol accumulation during AM symbiosis remain unclear. In rice, our analyses demonstrated a strict correlation between foliar blumenol abundance and intraradical fungal colonisation. More specifically, rice mutants affected at distinct stages of the interaction revealed that fungal cortex invasion was required for foliar blumenol accumulation. Plant phosphate status and D14L hormone signalling had no effect, contrasting their known role in induction of SLs. This a proportion of the SL biosynthetic enzymes, D27 and D17, are equally required for blumenol production. These results importantly clarify that, while there is a partially shared biosynthetic pathway between SL and blumenols, the dedicated induction of the related apocarotenoids occurs in response to cues acting at distinct stages during the root colonisation process. However, we reveal that neither SLs nor blumenols are essential for fungal invasion of rice roots.