bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytologic features of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and pancreatitis: Potential pitfalls in the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal carcinoma
Authors: Jarboe Elke A. , Layfield Lester J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) has played a significant role in the diagnosis of pancreatic masses but false‐positive diagnoses occur.The Anatomic Pathology files were searched for FNAs of pancreas with subsequent resections. FNAs with a diagnosis of positive for or suspicious for adenocarcinoma followed by a benign resection specimen were reviewed and the surgical pathology and cytology findings correlated.Six cases had a cytologic diagnosis of adenocarcinoma or suspicious for adenocarcinoma but resection specimens were benign. In two cases, a non‐invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) without significant dysplasia was present surrounded by foci of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). In both cases, the degree of atypia within the IPMN was less than that seen cytologically. The nuclear features of the PanIN overlapped those seen in the smears. In two cases, a neuroendocrine neoplasm was present accompanied by multifocal PanIN. The cytologic features of the neuroendocrine neoplasm did not correlate with the material cytologically diagnosed as adenocarcinoma. The cytologically atypical epithelium was similar to the PanIN. Two diagnoses of adenocarcinoma were made cytologically but the pancreatectomy specimens revealed pancreatitis with reactive atypia.Cytologic diagnosis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma has high specificity. Six cytologic misdiagnoses of adenocarcinoma occurred in 105 patients. The cytologic features of these misdiagnoses correlated with histopathologic changes of intermediate to high‐grade PanIN or marked reactive atypia in severe pancreatitis. PanIN may be an under recognized, but significant source of false‐positive results. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with smooth muscle and skeletal muscle differentiation: Report of a case with cytomorphologic and immunocytologic analysis
Authors: Ohta Yoshiki , Suzuki Takao , Kojima Tomoko , Mikogami Tetsuya , Omatsu Mutsuko , Hamatani Shigeharu , Shiokawa Akira , Kushima Miki , Ota Hidekazu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe report a case of high‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with cytological and immunocytochemical findings. Cytologically, major tumor cells showed round‐to‐short spindle shapes with round‐ to oval‐shaped nuclei and moderately abundant delicate cytoplasm. Tumor cells with tapered shapes and eccentric nuclei were also observed. A few spindle cells having enlarged cigar‐shaped nuclei with conspicuous nucleoli and delicate wispy cytoplasm, which resembled leiomyosarcoma, were intermingled. One rhabdomyoblast cell with both α‐sarcomeric muscle actin and myoglobin was also observed. Most of the tumor cells, including the leiomyosarcomatous spindle cells, were positive for CD10, and negative for desmin and h‐caldesmon. Accordingly, when relatively monotonous round‐to‐short spindle tumor cells and taper‐shaped tumor cells are observed in the female genital tract, high‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Immunocytochemistry contributed to the correct diagnosis. This case was high‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with smooth muscle and skeletal muscle differentiation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Goals and guidelines for residency training in cytopathology
Authors: Yu Gordon H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe time available to train residents in cytopathology has been impacted by the contraction of the training period, in the face of growing expectations for training in other facets of anatomic pathology and laboratory medicine (i.e. molecular genetic pathology, laboratory management and administration). Guidelines for appropriate levels of achievement in cytopathology have been proposed by those within the field, under the guidance of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). Presented here is a discussion of recommendations for training programs, in order to effectively train residents to an acceptable level of competence in cytopathology, within the training time allotted. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chondroblastic osteosarcoma of the temporal region: A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Gupta Nalini , Rajwanshi Arvind , Gupta Pankaj , Vaiphei Kim , Gupta Ashok Kumar 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChondroblastic osteosarcoma (OS) accounts for about 25% of all cases of OS. It can pose diagnostic difficulty on cytology, as the tumor cells may resemble the carcinomatous cells. We present a case of a 35‐year‐old female patient who presented with a firm swelling in the left temporal region. On fine‐needle aspiration, the smears revealed abundant cellularity with tumor cells showing significant nuclear pleomorphism and multinucleation. The tumor cells had abundant foamy to vacuolated cytoplasm, thereby indicating sebaceous differentiation and it was cytologically interpreted as sebaceous carcinoma. However, on subsequent histopathology, similar tumor cells were seen lying down abundant amount of osteoid material along with foci of chondroid differentiation and was diagnosed as chondroblastic OS. Pitfalls in the cytodiagnosis of this case along with differential diagnosis on cytology are discussed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytology of fine‐needle aspiration of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
Authors: Stoll Lisa Marie , Li Qing Kay 
Published: August 2010

AbstractInflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor (IMT) is a rare spindle cell neoplasm with a relatively indolent course. Its morphology may be confused with both reactive processes and/or malignant neoplasms on FNA specimens. Herein we discuss the cytologic features and IHC studies of IMT. The archives of the Department of Pathology at the Johns Hopkins Hospital were searched for IMT. A total of 257 cases were identified over a period of 11 years. Among them, 20 cases had cytology material. The patients' ages ranged from 7 to 81 years old with a median age of 54 years. The locations of the tumor in descending order were: liver (9/20, 45%), lung (8/20, 40%), abdomen (1/20, 5%), pelvis (1/20, 5%), and kidney (1/20, 5%). On FNA, the majority of tumors consisted of bland spindle cells with oval nuclei and small prominent nucleoli in a background of lymphocytes and plasma cells. Focal cytological atypia and “ganglion‐like” cells were identified in 7 cases, likely related to the risk of metastases and malignant transformation. The lesional cells expressed ALK (8/17, 47.1%) and actin (10/10, 100%), but with variable expression of cytokeratin. Ki‐67 showed low proliferative indices. ALK gene rearrangement was detected by FISH in three out of three cases and correlated with ALK protein expression by IHC. The cytologic diagnosis of IMT is challenging. When encountering a spindle cell lesion with prominent inflammatory component, a high index of suspicion in combination with the use of ancillary studies increases the diagnostic yield of IMT. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of endometriosis of the abdominal wall: A potential diagnostic pitfall
Authors: Aziz Zared , Wang Don 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEndometriosis is a relatively common disease in women, usually of reproductive age. In rare occasions, endometriosis may occur in unusual body sites, including extragonadal, extra‐pelvic sites, or in the skin. We report a case of endometriosis of the abdominal wall diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB). The patient was a 41‐year‐old woman with a clinical impression of “desmoid” tumor of the abdominal wall. FNAB showed groups of epithelial cells with mild nuclear atypia and rare mitoses. A few small clusters of slightly atypical spindle cells were also seen. The initial screening impression was adenocarcinoma due to the atypical cytological features. However, after review with the pathologist, the FNAB was signed out as “endometriosis.” Subsequent local excisional biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of endometriosis. In conclusion, endometriosis may present diagnostic challenges in FNAB and this possibility should be considered in differential diagnosis. A clinical cytopathological correlation is necessary to avoid a misdiagnosed as an adenocarcinoma. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Rodent model of infant attachment learning and stress
Authors: Moriceau Stephanie , Roth Tania L. , Sullivan Regina M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractHere we review the neurobiology of infant odor learning in rats, and discuss the unique role of the stress hormone corticosterone (CORT) in the learning necessary for the developing rat. During the first 9 postnatal (PN) days, infants readily learn odor preferences, while aversion and fear learning are attenuated. Such restricted learning may ensure that pups only approach their mother. This sensitive period of preference learning overlaps with the stress hyporesponsive period (SHRP, PN4–14) when pups have a reduced CORT response to most stressors. Neural underpinnings responsible for sensitive‐period learning include increased activity within the olfactory bulb and piriform “olfactory” cortex due to heightened release of norepinephrine from the locus coeruleus. After PN10 and with the decline of the SHRP, stress‐induced CORT release permits amygdala activation and facilitates learned odor aversions and fear. Remarkably, odor preference and attenuated fear learning can be reestablished in PN10–15 pups if the mother is present, an effect due to her ability to suppress pups' CORT and amygdala activity. Together, these data indicate that functional changes in infant learning are modified by a unique interaction between the developing CORT system, the amygdala, and maternal presence, providing a learning system that becomes more flexible as pups mature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 651–660, 2010.
Cortisol concentrations in the milk of rhesus monkey mothers are associated with confident temperament in sons, but not daughters
Authors: Sullivan Erin C. , Hinde Katie , Mendoza Sally P. , Capitanio John P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractOne pathway by which infant mammals gain information about their environment is through ingestion of milk. We assessed the relationship between stress‐induced cortisol concentrations in milk, maternal and offspring plasma, and offspring temperament in rhesus monkeys. Milk was collected from mothers after a brief separation from their infants at 3–4 months postpartum, and blood was drawn at this time for both mothers and infants. Offspring temperament was measured at the end of a 25‐hr assessment. Cortisol concentrations in milk were in a range comparable to those found in saliva, and were positively correlated with maternal plasma levels. Mothers of males had higher cortisol concentrations in milk than did mothers of females, and cortisol concentrations in maternal milk were related to a Confident temperament factor in sons, but not daughters. This study provides the first evidence that naturally occurring variation in endogenous glucocorticoid concentrations in milk are associated with infant temperament. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53: 96–104, 2011.
Littermate presence enhances motor development, weight gain and competitive ability in newborn and juvenile domestic rabbits
Authors: Nicolás Leticia , Martínez‐Gómez Margarita , Hudson Robyn , Bautista Amando 
Published: August 2010

AbstractInterest has been growing in the influence siblings may have on individual development. While mammalian research has tended to emphasize competition among siblings for essential but often limited resources such as the mother's milk, there is also evidence of mutual benefits to be had from sibling presence, most notably for altricial young in enhanced thermoregulatory efficiency. In the present study we asked whether littermates of an altricial mammal, the domestic rabbit, might gain other developmental benefits from sibling presence. From postnatal days 1 to 25 we raised rabbit pups either together with their littermates or alone except for the brief, once daily nursing characteristic of this species, while controlling for litter size and ambient nest box temperature. At weaning on Day 25 the young were then transferred to individual cages. Before weaning, we found that pups raised separately from their littermates obtained less milk, and showed lower weight gain and slower development of the ability to maintain body equilibrium than their litter‐raised sibs. This was the case even though the two groups did not differ in birth weight or in the ratio of converting milk into body mass in their temperature‐controlled nest boxes. Postweaning, the isolation‐raised animals were also less successful in competing for food and water when tested after deprivation than their litter‐raised sibs. The present study adds to the growing evidence of the influence, in this case positive, that sibs (or half sibs) may have in shaping one another's development. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53: 37–46, 2011.
Cholesterol oxides content in selected animal products determined by GC‐MS
Authors: Derewiaka Dorota , Obiedziński Mieczyslaw 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment of selected animal products on formation of cholesterol oxidation products (COP) and also to determine their content in selected pates and fermented pork sausage which are available on the Polish market. COP content in pates was significantly lower as compared to fermented sausages, and ranged from 39.5 to 43.1 µg/100 g; COP in sausages ranged from 195.8 to 263.4 µg/100 g of product. COP content in pan fried meats, chops, and fish fillets varied from 6.2 to 991.2 µg/100 g products. This paper demonstrates the method for determining the content of COP by the use of selected ion technique with the aid of MS.Practical applications: The method described is useful for the investigation of oxysterols in food matrices. The method is used for the investigation of the presence and content of COP, such as: 7β‐hydroxycholesterol, 5α,6α‐epoxycholesterol, 5β,6β‐epoxycholesterol, 5α‐cholestane‐3β,5β,6β‐triol, 7‐ketocholesterol, and 25‐hydroxycholesterol. The obtained data about COP content in selected animal products and their formation during heat treatment are crucial for creating a reliable database to assess their daily intakes and biological effects in humans.
Enzymatic epoxidation of soybean oil methyl esters in the presence of free fatty acids
Authors: Lu Hao , Sun Shangde , Bi Yanlan , Yang Guolong , Ma Rulan , Yang Huifang 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEpoxides of soybean oil methyl esters (SMEs) are biodegradable, non‐toxic, and renewable epoxy plasticizers. The objective of the present work was to investigate the effects of free fatty acids on the enzymatic epoxidation of SMEs. The results showed that the epoxidation of SMEs depended on the type of the added free fatty acid. For saturated (≤C18:0) and monounsaturated free fatty acids, the epoxy oxygen group content (EOC) of SMEs increased with increasing carbon chain length of free fatty acids; for branched‐chain unsaturated free fatty acids, the EOC of SMEs decreased in the presence of hydroxyl group (OH) and hydroperoxide (OOH) of free fatty acids; the EOC of SMEs decreased with increasing number of double bonds of free fatty acids. The maximum EOC and the initial epoxidization rate (V0) linearly decreased with increasing peroxide value of SMEs. The highest EOC (6.87 ± 0.3%) of SMEs was obtained using behenic acid as reaction material, which was similar with that of stearic acid (EOC 6.75 ± 0.2%).
Rapid FTIR determination of water, phenolics and antioxidant activity of olive oil
Authors: Cerretani Lorenzo , Giuliani Angela , Maggio Rubén M. , Bendini Alessandra , Gallina Toschi Tullia , Cichelli Angelo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA rapid Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopic method was applied to the determination of water content (WC), total phenol amount (TP) and antioxidant activity (ABTS.+) of virgin olive oils (VOO) and olive oils. Calibration models were constructed using partial least squares regression. Oil samples with WC ranging from 289 to 1402 mg water/kg oil, with TP from 46 to 877 mg gallic acid/kg oil and with ABTS.+ from 0 to 5.7 mmol Trolox/kg oil were considered for chemometric analysis. Better results were obtained when selecting suitable spectral ranges; in particular, from 2260 to 1008 cm−1 for WC, from 3610 to 816 cm−1 for TP and from 3707 to 1105 cm−1 for ABTS.+. Satisfactory LOD values by the FTIR‐chemometric methods were achieved: 9.4 (mg/kg oil) for WC; 12.5 (mg gallic acid/kg oil) for TP, and 0.76 (mmol Trolox/kg oil) for ABTS.+. The evaluation of the applicability of these analytical approaches was tested by use of validation sample sets (n = 16 for WC, n = 11 for TP and n = 14 for ABTS) with nearly quantitative recovery rates (99–114%). The FTIR–ATR method provided results that were comparable to conventional procedures.Practical applications: The presented method is based on ATR–FTIR in combination with multivariate calibration methodologies and permits a simultaneous evaluation of important quality parameters of VOO (WC, TP and ABTS.+). This approach represents an easy and convenient means for monitoring olive oil quality with the advantage of ease of operation, speed, no sample pretreatment and no consumption of solvents. The data obtained with this method are comparable to those obtained using the official reference method. Therefore, the technique is highly plausible as an alternative to the standard procedure for routine analysis or control at‐line of production processes.
Conjugated linoleic acid‐producing enzymes: A bioinformatics study
Authors: Farmani Jamshid , Safari Mohammad , Roohvand Farzin , Razavi Seyyed Hadi , Aghasadeghi Mohammad Reza , Noorbazargan Hassan 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLinoleic acid isomerases (LAI) are enzymes responsible for conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in different isomeric forms. CLAs are well known for numerous beneficial effects as functional foods. Despite identification of several LAI producing‐bacteria and release of their LAI nucleotide sequences to Bio‐Banks, no related bioinformatics study on these important enzymes is addressed yet. To gain insights into the structural/functional and phylogentic relations of LAIs as well as recombinant production of the desired enzyme, we employed several bioinformatical tools to analyze their primary structure and physicochemical properties. The results indicated that LAIs produced in different bacterial strains might be divided in two distinct families (Propionibacterium acnes and myosin cross‐reactive antigen (MCRA)‐like LAIs) with specific isomerase activities. In another part of the study, physicochemical properties, solubility upon over expression in E. coli, disulfide bond formation, and potential glycosylation sites in LAI sequences were predicted using bioinformatics tools and the most appropriate strategy for recombinant production of each LAI was determined. Our predicted data may be useful for further experimental studies toward production of the desired LAI.
Chinese firms' outward direct investment: Technological innovation mechanisms, organizational modes, and improving strategies
Authors: Zhao Jingyuan , Ordóñez de Pablos Patricia 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAlthough Chinese outward direct investment (ODI) started late, it has increased rapidly. China is gradually changing from the receiver of foreign direct investment (FDI) to the exporter of ODI. With the advent of the era of knowledge economy, knowledge and innovation have become the core elements of organizational competitive advantages. The practice of current international direct investment shows that it is difficult to acquire advanced technologies only by means of the introduction of FDI: The development of ODI is an important way to obtain foreign advanced technologies. Chinese firms' ODI faces some problems in technological innovations, and the total of technology‐sourcing ODI is not large. This article focuses on the technological innovations of Chinese firms' ODI, discusses technological innovation mechanisms and organizational modes of Chinese ODI firms, and presents the technological innovation framework and strategies to strengthen the technological innovation advantage of Chinese ODI firms. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Density functional theory investigation of Cu(I)‐ and Cu(II)‐curcumin complexes
Authors: Addicoat Matthew A. , Metha Gregory F. , Kee Tak W. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDensity functional theory is used to obtain the lowest energy geometries of bis‐aqua curcumin complexes and bis‐curcumin complexes of Cu(I) and Cu(II). Three conformations of curcumin, obtained by rotation of the substituted aromatic groups, were considered in each case. Steric repulsion, due to the methoxy–methoxy interactions, was found to be an important factor in determining the lowest energy conformer of Cu(II)(curcumin)2 but was less important for the Cu(I) analog. Using a sufficiently large basis set, the results show that the lowest energy Cu(II)(curcumin)2 geometry is square planar around the copper atom, in contrast to the results from a previous study (Shen et al. THEOCHEM‐J Mol Struct 2005, 757, 199). In addition, other studies suggested that the formation of this complex is followed by the reduction of Cu(II) to Cu(I). We also examined the singly occupied molecular orbital, spin density, and natural bond orbitals of Cu(II)(curcumin)2. While the former two analyses show little evidence of electron transfer from curcumin into the Cu center, the latter indicates that Cu(II) is partially reduced to Cu(I) as a consequence of complexation. Finally, we consider the bis‐aqua curcumin and bis‐curcumin complexes on a reaction path involving progressive displacement of water molecules by curcumin ligands. The results show that the bis‐curcumin complex is the most stable Cu(II) complex, showing consistently exothermic steps in the reaction path. However, for Cu(I), the final step in the reaction path is essentially thermoneutral, indicating that the 1:1 and 1:2 Cu(I) complexes are equally stable thermodynamically. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Nano‐structured MgH2 catalyzed by TiC nanoparticles for hydrogen storage
Authors: Tian Mi , Shang Congxiao 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Magnesium hydride is considered to be a promising hydrogen storage material because of its high gravimetric and volumetric storage capacities. However, its slow kinetics and high desorption temperature of > 300 °C limit practical applications. In this work, TiC nanoparticles were selected to modify the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2. Composite mixtures (MgH2 + TiC) were prepared using both cryogenic milling and high‐energy ball milling.RESULTS: The resulting morphology and crystallite structure of the composites were identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The milled samples show good mixing of the hydride and carbide particles, with MgH2 particles around 0.09–1 µm and TiC particles 10–20 nm. The (MgH2 + TiC) composites consist of γ‐MgH2, β‐MgH2 and TiC. MgH2 nano‐crystallites of 25 nm were formed after cryomilling. Thermogravimetry reveals that the composites release ∼6.5 mass % hydrogen from 190–400 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C min−1 under He flow, with the onset and peak temperatures at 190 and 280 °C, respectively, for the (MgH2 + TiC) after 8 h cryomilling and 60 h ball milling.CONCLUSION: Results indicate that TiC is an effective catalyst for hydrogen desorption of MgH2. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry