bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weight effects and the parametrization of the foot: English versus Portuguese
Authors: Garcia Guilherme D , Goad Heather 
Published: May 2024

This article explores the possibility that even though English and Portuguese present similar stress patterns on the surface, the two languages may be formally different: whereas English offers strong evidence for the foot, Portuguese does not. We present new data on the relationship between syllable weight and antepenultimate stress in both languages. We experimentally show that weight effects in English are consistent with an analysis of stress that employs feet. Weight effects in Portuguese, in contrast, are not optimally accounted for by a foot-based analysis. Sonority effects captured in our experimental data from Portuguese further question the role that the foot plays in this language, but not in English. Additional evidence for the foot in English comes from word minimality constraints, which are never violated in the language, unlike in Portuguese, where violations are commonly observed both in the lexicon and in derived words.
The serum leptin can be a predictable marker for gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Harika Vemugadda , Thilak Swathy , Narayanswamy Radhakrishan 
Published: May 2024

This study assessed the serum leptin concentrations for development of gestational diabetes mellitusThis is a case-control study, included 120 participants (60: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Cases and 60: Healthy Controls). We assed BMI, FBS, HbA1c, Lipid Profile and serum leptin. The serum leptin concentrations were significantly elevated in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus when compared to controls (P=0.001**). There was a significant positive correlation between the serum leptin and BMI, FBS, HbA1c, Total Cholesterol and LDL (P=0.001**). Based on study findings, significant elevated levels of serum leptin might be served as a marker for detection of gestational diabetes mellitus.
Physical activity levels of pregnant women at the time of diagnosis with gestational diabetes attending a tertiary care hospital in Lucknow City, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Gupta Mallicka , Singh Shivendra Kumar , Pandey Amita , Manar Manish Kumar 
Published: May 2024

: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is one of the pregnancy complications characterized by carbohydrate intolerance that develops or is discovered during pregnancy. Physical inactivity and excessive gestational weight gain have been identified as independent risk factors for maternal obesity and pregnancy-related disorders, such as gestational diabetes. Awareness of the significance of physical activity for bodily and psychological health is vitally essential. The woman and her family members need to be swayed to change with time and let go of their myths and false cultural perceptions that exercise can harm the baby. : To determine the physical activity pattern of pregnant women at the time of diagnosis with GDM. : 188 pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus was selected for the study. Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate the duration; frequency, intensity, and type of physical activity during current gestational period. An average weekly energy expenditure in Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET-h-week) was calculated. Demographic data including age, socioeconomic status, parity, literacy and working status were collected. Data was analysed on 188 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM. The physical activity of moderate intensity was less performed by the pregnant women. None of the pregnant women were involved in vigorous type of physical activity. Only light intensity activities were performed by the study participants. The study concluded light intensity activity was commonly carried by pregnant women thus a low level of physical activity was observed during the pregnancy.
Obstetric outcome following bariatric surgery in kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Sunder Amala , Varghese Bessy , Albuainain Haya , Bahzad Noora , Almehzaa Reem Talal , Darwish Basma , Dayoub Nawal 
Published: May 2024

Obesity has complications in relation to health as well as pregnancy. Bariatric surgeries gain interest among obese women to reduce the adverse obstetric outcomes. However, pregnancy post bariatric surgeries have benefits as well as risks. The study analyzed the effects of bariatric surgery on pregnancy, delivery, and postpartum period.This is a retrospective study conducted in Bahrain Defense Force Hospital from September 2019 till August 2020. The study included women in the reproductive age who had bariatric surgery before planning pregnancy and a control group of women who did not undergo the bariatric surgeries. Comparison of obstetric outcome was done between both groups. Data included demographic characteristics, method conceived, antenatal pathway, delivery process and postpartum period. Results were presented as odds-ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and P-values. P values of less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.This analysis includes 2972 patients. 47 patients of them had undergone previous bariatric procedure. Patients with previous bariatric surgery were older 32.8vs 29.9 and interestingly heavier with BMI 34.5 vs 31.1. Patients with previous bariatric surgery had more antenatal complications 36% vs 18.5% (p=0.002). The most evident complication is gestational diabetes with 21.3% of patients who had bariatric surgery developed Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM) during pregnancy compared to 8.9% of patients without the surgery (P=0.004). Both groups had similar start of labor, 1 stage of labor, 2 stage of labor, 3 stage of labor and prolonged 2 stage of labor. Caesarean section rate was similar at 42.6% vs 35.4% (p=0.31). After adjusting confounding factors, previous bariatric surgery increased length of stay in hospital more than 3 days with OR 2.3 95%CI (1.2-4.4) P=0.01.Our study concluded the antenatal complications, Gestational diabetes as well as postpartum length of stay are significantly increased in post bariatric pregnant women. However, labor process and fetal outcome did not show significant difference.
Post abortion contraception: A follow up study in women undergoing first and second trimester abortion at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Bachani Sumitra , Sarwal Yamini , Mann Mohit Singh , Yadav Pooja 
Published: May 2024

: Worldwide 75 million women need post abortion care (PAC) services each year following safe or unsafe induced abortions and miscarriages. Majority of them do not wish to conceive in near future and are receptive towards using contraception. Contraceptive counselling and basket of choices should be made available to all women undergoing abortion and her right to decline or postpone this care should be respected while recognizing that each woman has a unique unmet need of contraception.: To compare the acceptance and continuation of various contraceptive choices offered after first and second trimester abortion. : A retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in which women who underwent first and second trimester abortion over a period of one year were interviewed regarding their acceptance and continuation of the contraceptive method till six months post abortion.: A total of 378 women underwent first and second trimester abortions over one year, of which 61.3% had resulted from failure of contraception. Women were grouped into Group A for those undergoing first trimester and Group B for women undergoing second trimester abortion for study purpose. Average age of women in group A was 28.9 years and in group B was 26.5 years. Mean period of gestation of pregnancy in group A was 7.5weeks and in group B was 19.5 weeks. In group A 96% parous women had conceived as a result of failure of contraception of which 90% were using natural method (Coitus Interruptus). Group B majority (76.3%) women were nulliparous and early parous (P1, P2) and indication for termination of pregnancy in them were gross congenital anamolies (GCA) in fetus while in rest of multiparous were due to failure of contraception. With group A 53.1% nulliparous women did not opt for any contraception whereas 48.6% primiparous and second parous opted for long acting reversible contraception(LARC) –Intrauterine contraceptive device(IUCD) in contrast to 66% multiparous opting for permanent sterilization at the time of abortion. In group B 45.3% nulliparous and early parous opted for depot medroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) and 64.2% multigravidas underwent permanent sterilization. : Post abortion care must include counselling and choice of contraceptive basket. Women with future reproductive plans preferred LARC after first trimester abortion whereas DMPA was most acceptable method of contraception after second trimester abortion. Women were most satisfied with LARC and permanent methods compared to methods that required daily intake of pills. There is need of effective contraceptive choices according to the reproductive plans of the women to reduce the burden, morbidity and mortality associated with abortions.
Comparison of Bishop’s score with transvaginal sonographic cervical assessment to predict success of induction of labor
Authors: Srivastava Subhi , Coumary A Sendhil 
Published: May 2024

Induction of labor for medical or obstetric indications is a common practice in modern obstetrics. Evaluation of the cervix by Bishop’s score is universally used to predict the success of induction of labor. But it is a subjective method and many studies have shown that it is not a good indicator of success of induction. To compare Bishop’s scoring system and trans-vaginal sonographic assessment of cervix in predicting the successful outcome of induction of labor.This was an observational study conducted in a tertiary care center. 120 patients who met the selection criteria were included. Prior to the induction of labor the Bishop’s score and the sonographic scoring was assigned. Successful induction was defined as the patient entering the active phase of labor. 84% of participating women entered the active phase of labor. While 72.6% women had a normal vaginal delivery, 67.8% women delivered vaginally within 24 hours of induction. The TVS score (MGPICSS) of ≥2 predicted the successful induction with a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 39.3% and AUC 0.74. In comparison, the Bishop score of ≥4 had a specificity of 75% and sensitivity of 44% and AUC 0.56. The prediction of delivery within 24 hours at the MGPICSS of ≥2 had a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 42.9% and AUC 0.76. For the same, the Bishop’s score of ≥4 had specificity of 83.3% and sensitivity of 45.5% and AUC 0.71. TVS assessment of cervix is a better predictor of successful labor induction in comparison to Bishop’s score.
Reactive leuco-thrombocytosis in a post splenectomized pregnant woman in labour: A case report
Authors: Keerthivasan Sree Supriya Muthaiyan , Kundavi K. M , Naaram Nithya M 
Published: May 2024

Post-splenectomy diagnosis of infection based on WBC and platelet elevation is confounded by the fact that leucocytosis is a physiologic response to splenectomy, similar to the phenomenon of post-splenectomy platelet count elevation. Previous reports suggest that the WBC post-splenectomy in patients with sepsis is greater and more persistent than the WBC in patients without sepsis. However, specific values that can be used at the bedside to distinguish between a "normal" and "pathologic" WBC or platelet elevation are lacking. The clinician is often challenged to identify an infection in a post-splenectomy patient with an elevated WBC and prevent thrombotic events in case of thrombocytosis.
An In-Depth Exploration of the Impact of COVID-19 on Hospitality Interns' Career Choices and Experiences: Insights for Educators, Industry Professionals, and Policymakers
Authors: Shikha  , Pal Sanjeeb , Rawal Yashwant Singh 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of the study: The study explores how COVID-19 impacts hospitality interns' career choices and experience. Through a comprehensive literature review, key findings emerge regarding the effects of the pandemic on internship programs, the challenges interns face, and the factors influencing their post-pandemic career decisions.
Methodology: The first step of the study is a comprehensive literature review, which establishes a qualitative approach to gathering information from existing research, articles, and publications.
Principal Findings: COVID-19 has heavily affected hospitality internships, resulting in cancellations and remote work. However, interns have shown resilience by adapting to new learning methods and career exploration. Employers in the hospitality industry are hopeful about interns' job prospects after the pandemic, emphasizing the need to support students and address their career concerns for industry recovery.
Applications of the study: This study offers valuable insights that empower educators, industry professionals, and policymakers to adapt internship programs, support intern resilience, and understand evolving career preferences in hospitality. By understanding COVID-19's impact on interns, stakeholders can make informed decisions to aid industry recovery.
Novelty/Originality of the study: This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on hospitality internships, emphasizing both challenges and intern resilience. It offers insights for interns, industry recovery, and guidance to educators, professionals, and policymakers.
Optimal reconstruction and recognition of images by Jacobi Fourier moments and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm
Authors: Yahya SAHMOUDI , EL-Mekkaoui Jaouad , BENSLIMANE Mohamed , Janati Idrissi Boujamaa , El Ogri Omar , Hjouji Amal 
Published: May 2024

The orthogonal moments giving relevant results of these last years within the framework of object detection, pattern recognition and image reconstruction, this work based on orthogonal functions called Orthogonal Jacobi Polynomials (OJPs), and we introduce a new set of moments called Generalized Jacobi Fourier Moments (GJFMs), these polynomials are characterized by parameters . However, it was very important to optimize these parameters in order to obtain a good result, in this context; this study used a new approach to optimized Jacobi Fourier parameters using the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) in order to improves the quality of reconstruction of images of large sizes. On the one hand, to validate this technique which offers a high image reconstruction quality. On other hand, the comparison carried out with other algorithms clearly indicates the advantage of the proposed method.
Collage Innovations Enhancing Preschool Fine Motor Skills Globally
Authors: Adibah Sarah , IFFATUR ROCMAH LULUK 
Published: May 2024

This study aims to explore the efficacy of collage activities using paper clay media in enhancing fine motor skills among 4-5-year-old children at TK Aisyiyah 2 Porong. Employing a classroom action research (CAR) design, the study progresses through planning, implementation, observation, and reflection stages. Data collection involved observation, documentation, and interviews, analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The research found that fine motor skills significantly improved, with an average achievement in Cycle I at 70% and Cycle II at 83%. Teacher activity scores also increased from 2.3 to 3.8 between cycles. Results indicate the success of collage activities using paper clay in enhancing fine motor skills. The study underscores the importance of demonstration and practice methods in facilitating children's understanding and proficiency in fine motor activities. The findings offer implications for educators and curriculum developers seeking to enhance fine motor skills in early childhood education through innovative, hands-on approaches.
Highlight:

Improved skills: Collage boosts fine motor skills in preschoolers effectively.
Engaging methods: Demonstrations enhance understanding and engagement in motor activities.
Innovative media: Paper clay fosters creativity and fine motor development effectively.

Keywoard: Motor Skills, Collage, Paper Clay, Preschool, Action Research
Study Protocol: COPD - Eosinophil-guided Reduction of Inhaled Corticosteroids (COPERNICOS)
Authors: Rønn Christian , Bonnesen Barbara , Alispahic Imane Achir , Toennesen Louise , Sivapalan Pradee , Kjærgaard Jakob Lyngby , Moberg Mia , Ulrik Charl Suppli , Harboe Zitta Barella , Browatzki Andrea , Jensen Torben Tranborg , Meyer Christian , Bødtger Uffe , Bendstrup Elisabeth , Johansson Sofie Lock , Kaiser Diana Utrecht , Hyldgaard Charlotte , Vestbo Jørgen , Jensen Jens Ulrik Stæhr 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is frequently used for COPD. Based on the considerable adverse effects and the knowledge that many such patients do not gain benefit from this treatment, it remains unresolved whether ICS treatment can be managed with lower doses, or via an ICS-sparing strategy with periods with and without this medicine. The blood eosinophil count is a useful biomarker for steroid-responsive airway inflammation, and we want to investigate whether an individualized and eosinophil-guided approach on ICS treatment reduces ICS over-treatment and side effects. High dose (500 mg thrice weekly or 250 mg daily) long-term azithromycin has been shown to reduce acute exacerbations of COPD in selected patients. Frequent gastro-intestinal adverse effects remain a challenge, but many patients tolerate lower doses, however, the effect of the treatment at lower doses is unknown, although many physicians prefer such doses. We want to investigate whether oral low-dose prophylactic azithromycin 250 mg three times weekly reduces acute exacerbations of COPD and improves time alive and out of hospital. Methods This is an ongoing, actively recruiting randomized, double-blinded, multicenter, four-arm factorial intervention clinical trial aiming to recruit 444 patients with specialist verified COPD GOLD risk class E and/or FEV1 < 30% who are currently on ICS. The patients are followed for one year and are randomized 1:1:1:1 to one of the four treatment arms: (1) eosinophil-guided ICS sparing treatment and low dose azithromycin, (2) eosinophil-guided ICS treatment and placebo, (3) continued ICS treatment and low dose azithromycin, or (4) continued ICS treatment and placebo. If blood-eosinophils (measured every 3 months) are < 0.3 x 109 cells/L, ICS treatment will be paused in the arms with eosinophil-guided ICS sparing treatment. Azithromycin/placebo is double-blinded and administered three times weekly. The primary endpoints are (1) “days alive and out of hospital within 365 days after recruitment” and (2) number of hospitalization-requiring exacerbations and/or death within 365 days. Discussion Severe ICS-adverse effects like bacterial infections should be reduced. The ICS-sparing intervention, we test, may provide a useful tool to do this safely. Azithromycin low dose prophylaxis is practiced by many physicians. This trial will provide evidence of whether this is effective. Trial registration ClinTrials.gov. NCT04481555. Registered 14AUG2020, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04481555.
NUP98/NSD1 and FLT3/ITD co-expression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in pediatric AML patients.
Authors: Wang Jing-wen , Li Yu , Xu lv- Hong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective
Patients who carry NUP98/NSD1 or FLT3/ITD mutations are reported to have poor prognosis. Previous studies have confidently reported that the poor outcome in younger AML patients is owning to dual NUP98/NSD1 positivity and FLT3/ITD positivity, with a high overlap for those two genetic lesions. In this study, we assessed the prognostic value of the presence of both NUP98/NSD1 and FLT3/ITD in pediatric AML patients.
Methods
We screened a large cohort of 885 pediatric cases from the COG-National Cancer Institute (NCI) TARGET AML cohort and found 57 AML patients with NUP98 rearrangements.
Results
The frequency of NUP98 gene fusion was 6.4% in 885 patients. NUP98/NSD1 fusion was the most common NUP98 rearrangement, with a frequency of 59.6%(34 of 57). NUP98/NSD1-positive patients who carried FLT3/ITD mutations had a decreased CR1 or CR2 rate than those patients carried FLT3/ITD mutation alone (P < 0.001). Moreover, patients harboring both NUP98/NSD1 fusion and FLT3/ITD mutation exhibited inferior event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients who were dual negative for these two genetic lesions (P < 0.0001). The presence of only NUP98/NSD1 fusion had no significant impact on EFS or OS. We also found that cases with high FLT3/ITD AR levels ( > = 0.5) with or without NUP98/NSD1 had inferior prognosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the presence of both NUP98/NSD1 and FLT/ID3 was an independent prognostic factors for EFS (hazard ratio: 3.2, P = 0.001) in patients with pediatric AML. However, there was no obvious correlation with OS (hazard ratio: 1.3, P = 0.618). Allogeneic stem cell transplantation did not improve the survival rate of cases with NUP98 fusion or NUP98/NSD1 AML in terms of EFS or OS.
Conclusion
Presence of both NUP98/NSD1 and FLT3/ITD was found to be an independent factor for dismal prognosis. Notably, lack of FLT3/ITD mutations in NUP98/NSD1-positive patients did not retain its prognostic value.
Blink-related arousal network surges are shaped by cortical vigilance states
Authors: Demiral Sukru , Lildharrie Christina , Lin Esther , Benveniste Helene , Volkow Nora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The vigilance state and the excitability of cortical networks impose wide-range effects on brain dynamics that arousal surges could promptly modify. We previously reported an association between spontaneous eye-blinks and BOLD activation in the brain arousal ascending network (AAN) and in thalamic nuclei based on 3T MR resting state brain images. Here we aimed to replicate our analyses using 7T MR images in a larger cohort of participants collected from the Human Connectome Project (HCP), which also contained simultaneous eye-tracking recordings, and to assess the interaction between the blink-associated arousal surges and the vigilance states. For this purpose, we compared blink associated BOLD activity under a vigilant versus a drowsy state, a classification made based on the pupillary data obtained during the fMRI scans. We conducted two main analyses: i) Cross-correlation analysis between the BOLD signal and blink events (eye blink time-series were convolved with the canonical and also with the temporal derivative of the Hemodynamic Response Function, HRF) within preselected regions of interests (ROIs) (i.e., brainstem AAN, thalamic and cerebellar nuclei) together with an exploratory voxel-wise analyses to assess the whole-brain, and ii) blink-event analysis of the BOLD signals to reveal the signal changes onset to the blinks in the preselected ROIs. Consistent with our prior findings on 3T MRI, we showed significant positive cross correlations between BOLD peaks in brainstem and thalamic nuclei that preceded or were overlapping with blink moments and that sharply decreased post-blink. Whole brain analysis revealed blink-related activation that was strongest in cerebellum, insula, lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) and visual cortex. Drowsiness impacted HRF BOLD (enhancing it), time-to-peak (delaying it) and post-blink BOLD activity (accentuating decreases). Responses in the drowsy state could be related to the differences in the excitability of cortical, subcortical and cerebellar tissue, such that cerebellar and thalamic regions involved in visual attention processing were more responsive for the vigilant state, but AAN ROIs, as well as cerebellar and thalamic ROIs connected to pre-motor, frontal, temporal and DMN regions were less responsive. Such qualitative and quantitative differences in the blink related BOLD signal changes could reflect delayed cortical processing and the ineffectiveness of arousal surges during states of drowsiness. Future studies that manipulate arousal are needed to corroborate a mechanistic interaction of arousal surges with vigilance states and cortical excitability.