bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of liver metastases using gadoxetic‐enhanced dynamic and 10‐ and 20‐minute delayed phase MR imaging
Authors: Jeong Hyeon Tae , Kim Myeong‐Jin , Park Mi‐Suk , Choi Jin‐Young , Choi Jin Sub , Kim Kyung Sik , Choi Gi Hong , Shin Sang‐Joon 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose:To assess the incremental value of hepatobiliary phase images in gadoxetate disodium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and to compare diagnostic accuracy and lesion conspicuity on 10‐ and 20‐minute delayed images for preoperative detection of hepatic metastases with subgroup analysis according to size and history of chemotherapy.Materials and Methods:Forty‐six patients with 107 metastases who underwent surgery after gadoxetate disodium‐enhanced MRI were evaluated. Four observers independently interpreted three sets: dynamic set comprising precontrast T1‐, T2‐weighted, and dynamic images; 10‐minute set comprising dynamic set and 10‐minute delayed; 20‐minute set comprising 10‐minute set and 20‐minute delayed. Diagnostic accuracy was compared with subgroup analysis. Liver‐to‐lesion signal ratio (SR) was calculated using the region of interest method and compared.Results:Mean Az and sensitivities were significantly higher for 10‐ (Az = 0.894, sensitivity = 95.6%) and 20‐minute (0.910, 97.2%) than dynamic set (0.813, 79.9%) (P < 0.001), with no significant difference between 10‐ and 20‐minute sets (P = 0.140). In patients with small (≤1 cm) metastases and a history of chemotherapy, sensitivities were significantly higher with 10‐ (88.2%) and 20‐minute (91.6%) sets than dynamic set (48.6%) (P < 0.001). SR was significantly higher for 10‐ and 20‐minute delayed than precontrast and dynamic, with significantly higher SR on 20‐ than 10‐minute delayed.Conclusion:Regardless of size or prior chemotherapy, detection of hepatic metastases was significantly improved by adding hepatobiliary phase images without significant differences between 10‐ and 20‐minute delayed. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:635‐643. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aortic flow patterns in patients with Marfan syndrome assessed by flow‐sensitive four‐dimensional MRI
Authors: Geiger Julia , Markl Michael , Herzer Lena , Hirtler Daniel , Loeffelbein Florian , Stiller Brigitte , Langer Mathias , Arnold Raoul 
Published: November 2011

AbstractPurpose:To apply time‐resolved three‐dimensional (3D) phase contrast MRI with three‐directional velocity encoding (flow‐sensitive 4D MRI) for the characterization of flow pattern changes in patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) compared with normal controls.Materials and Methods:Flow‐sensitive 4D MRI of the thoracic aorta (temporal resolution ∼45 ms, spatial resolution ∼2.4 × 2.1 × 2.8 mm3) was performed in 24 MFS patients and 10 volunteers. Aortic flow patterns were visualized by 3D particle traces and streamlines. Global (affecting the complete lumen) and local (parts of the vessel lumen) helix and vortex flow in the ascending aorta (AAo), aortic arch, and descending aorta (DAo) were graded in 3 categories (blinded reading, two observers): none = 0, moderate = 1, pronounced = 2.Results:Flow grading revealed similar global helix and vortex flow in the AAo and arch for MFS patients and controls. Local helix flow in the AAo was significantly (P = 0.011) increased in patients and was associated with aortic sinus dilatation. The incidence of global helix and vortex flow in the DAo was increased in patients (77% and 50% of subjects) compared with controls (none and 10%).Conclusion:The 4D flow analysis revealed marked differences of the aortic flow patterns between Marfan patients and controls: Local helix flow in the patients' AAo may be associated with the increased incidence of aortic root dilatation. The flow alterations in the proximal DAo could explain the occurrence of Type‐B dissection originating from this site. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:594‐600. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prevalence and impact of hepatitis B and C virus co‐infections in antiretroviral treatment naïve patients with HIV infection at a major treatment center in Ghana
Authors: Sagoe Kwamena William Coleman , Agyei Afrakoma Adjoa , Ziga Francesca , Lartey Margaret , Adiku Theophilus K. , Seshi Makafui , Arens Max Q. , Mingle Julius Abraham Addo 
Published: November 2011

AbstractData on the effects of the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) in patients co‐infected with these viruses and HIV in West Africa are conflicting and little information is available in Ghana. A cohort of 138 treatment naïve individuals infected with HIV was screened for HBV and HCV serologic markers; HBsAg positive patients were tested for HBeAg, anti‐HBe, and anti‐HBc IgM. The viral load of HIV‐1 in the plasma was determined in 81 patients. Eighteen of the 138 patients (13%) and 5 (3.6%) had HBsAg and anti‐HCV, respectively. None of the patients had anti‐HBc IgM, but 10 (55.6%) and 8 (44.4%) of the 18 patients who were HBsAg positive had HBeAg and anti‐HBe, respectively. In patients with measurement of CD4+ undertaken within 1 month (n = 83), CD4+ count was significantly lower in patients with HBeAg (median [IQR], 81 [22–144]) as compared to those with anti‐HBe (median [IQR], 210 [197–222]) (P = 0.002, CI: −96.46 to 51.21). However, those with HIV mono‐infection had similar CD4+ counts (median [IQR], 57 [14–159]) compared to those with HBeAg (P = 1.0, CI: −71.75 to 73.66). Similar results were obtained if CD4+ count was measured within 2 months prior to initiation of HAART (n = 119). Generally, HBV and anti‐HCV did not affect CD4+ and viral loads of HIV‐1 in plasma but patients with HIV and HBV co‐infection who had HBeAg had more severe immune suppression as compared to those with anti‐HBe. This may have implication for initiating HAART in HBV endemic areas. J. Med. Virol. 84:6–10, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mutations within enhancer II and BCP regions of hepatitis B virus in relation to advanced liver diseases in patients infected with subgenotype B3 in Indonesia
Authors: Heriyanto Didik Setyo , Yano Yoshihiko , Utsumi Takako , Anggorowati Nungki , Rinonce Hanggoro Tri , Lusida Maria Inge , Soetjipto  , Triwikatmani Catharina , Ratnasari Neneng , Maduseno Sutanto , Purnama Putut Bayu , Nurdjanah Siti , Hayashi Yoshitake 
Published: November 2011

AbstractStudies on the characteristics of mutations within the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome, their roles in the pathogenesis of advanced liver diseases, and the involvement of host properties of HBV‐infected individuals have not been conducted in subgenotype B3‐infected populations. For addressing this issue, 40 cases with HBV surface antigen (HBsAg)—positive advanced liver diseases, including advanced liver cancer and cirrhosis (male 31, female 9, age 54.4 ± 11.6‐year‐old), were collected and compared with 109 cases with chronic hepatitis B (male 71, female 38, age 38.0 ± 13.4‐year‐old). Mutations in enhancer II (Enh II) and basal core promoter (BCP)/precore regions were analyzed by PCR‐direct sequencing method. HBV viral load was examined by real‐time PCR. For all examined regions, the prevalence of mutation was significantly higher in cases with advanced liver diseases. Multivariate analysis showed that, in patients older than 45 years, C1638T and T1753V mutations constituted independent risk factors for the advancement of liver diseases. The presence of C1638T and T1753V mutations may serve as predictive markers for the progression of liver diseases in Indonesia and other countries, where subgenotype B3 infection is prevalent. J. Med. Virol. 84:44–51, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BMP‐7 stimulates early diaphyseal fracture healing in estrogen deficient rats
Authors: Blokhuis TJ , Buma P , Verdonschot N , Gotthardt M , Hendriks T 
Published: November 2011

AbstractEstrogen deficiency causes postmenopausal osteoporosis. The relationship between estrogen deficiency and the high failure rate after osteoporotic fracture treatment is unclear, as is the effect of possible interventions, either with anti‐resorptive agents or with anabolic agents such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). To investigate the influence of estrogen deficiency as well as the effect of early intervention, forty female wistar rats underwent ovarectomy (OVX) followed by low calcium diet. Ten rats underwent sham operations, followed by normal diet. After 6 weeks, a closed midshaft femoral fracture was induced. Ten animals received a systemic bisphosphonate injection, 10 injection of BMP‐7 in the fracture, and 10 a combination. All then received a normal diet. After 2 weeks healing was evaluated using radiographs, CT, biomechanical testing, and histology. Radiography showed significant increase of bridging in groups treated with BMP‐7. Callus volume was higher in these groups. Bending stiffness and strength were similar between OVX and sham, and not influenced by bisphosphonates. Significant increase was seen in groups treated with BMP‐7. Histology was in accordance with other endpoints. Early fracture healing was not affected by estrogen deficiency. While no beneficiary effect of bisphosphonate treatment was found, injection of BMP‐7 stimulated healing in ovarectomized rats. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:720–725, 2012
An experimental glenoid rim strain analysis for an improved reverse anatomy shoulder implant fixation
Authors: Mordecai Simon C. , Lambert Simon M. , Meswania Jay M. , Blunn Gordon W. , Bayley Ian L. , Taylor Stephen J. G. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractLoosening of glenoid components in TSA is a main cause of failure. In reverse anatomy TSA designs used for unstable joints, fixation is particularly demanding. Strains developed around the glenoid rim of biomechanical sawbone scapulae implanted with (a) the original fixed‐fulcrum Bayley–Walker glenoid prosthesis in current clinical use, and (b) a revised version with conical cross‐section, were compared. The conical shape of the revised design was hypothesized to produce greater strains in the glenoid rim than the original tapered screw design. The 2D strain field at three accessible locations around the rim of each scapula was measured with three‐element rosette strain gauges for two types of simulated cancellous bone fill under applied physiologically relevant loads. The average strain energy densities around the rim for the conical design were greater than for the original design by a factor of 1.55–2.25 for all loading conditions. Results indicate that a significantly greater proportion of load was directed toward cortical bone in the conical design, thus promoting cortical bone loading. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:998–1003, 2012
Rate coefficients for intramolecular homolytic substitution of oxyacyl radicals at selenium
Authors: Aitken Heather M. , Horvat Sonia M. , Schiesser Carl H. , Lin Ching Yeh , Coote Michelle L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAb initio and density functional calculations predict that intramolecular homolytic substitution reactions of oxyacyl radicals at the selenium atom in ω‐alkylseleno‐substituted radicals proceed via mechanisms that do not involve hypervalent intermediates. When the leaving radical is tert‐butyl, energy barriers (ΔG‡) for these reactions range from 27.1 (G3(MP2)‐RAD) kJ mol−1 for the formation of the five‐membered cyclic selenocarbonate (6) to 41.5 kJ mol−1 for the six‐membered selenocarbonate (8). G3(MP2)‐RAD calculations predict rate coefficients in the order of 105–108 s−1 and 102–105 s−1 for the formation of 6 and 8, respectively, at 298.15 K in the gas phase. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 51–58, 2012
Endoscopic anterior cricoid split with balloon dilation in infants with failed extubation
Authors: Horn David L. , Maguire Raymond C. , Simons Jeffrey P. , Mehta Deepak K. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSubglottic injury (SGI) is a known complication of prolonged intubation in neonates and infants and can lead to failed extubation. SGI is a spectrum that includes mucosal edema, ulceration, granulation perichondritis, and mature scar formation. Although medical management aimed at treating mucosal edema and extraesophageal reflux is successful in treating a majority of patients, some require surgical intervention to successfully achieve extubation. The surgical options for these patients include tracheostomy, open anterior cricoid split (ACS), and laryngotracheal reconstruction with cartilage grafting. Open ACS is performed through an external incision requiring placement of a drain for a few days. Extubation success rates in the 70% to 80% range have been widely reported. In this article we describe an endoscopic technique for ACS, in which after an endoscopic airway assessment confirms isolated SGI, the cricoid cartilage is divided transluminally with cold steel. Balloon dilation (BD) is then performed with an appropriately sized angiography balloon. We describe preliminary results in which two of three patients were successfully extubated after endoscopic ACS with BD. We believe that this novel technique is a promising alternative to open ACS with similar indications. In addition to the avoidance of a skin incision, endoscopic ACS with BD may enable extubation with comparably shorter lengths of postprocedure intubation than open ACS. Larger series will be required to further establish outcomes of this procedure, including success and complication rates.
Detection of evolving injury to the brachial plexus during transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy
Authors: Luginbuhl Adam , Schwartz Daniel M. , Sestokas Anthony K. , Cognetti David , Pribitkin Edmund 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Continuous intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) of transcranial electric motor evoked potentials (tceMEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) has gained universal acceptance as an efficacious method for detecting emerging positional brachial plexopathy or peripheral nerve compression during spinal and shoulder surgery. This has implications for transaxillary thyroid surgery.Study Design:Case report with literature review.Methods:The patient underwent robotic transaxillary thyroid surgery with continuous tceMEP and SSEP monitoring of brachial plexus function. We present detailed IONM data depicting the emergence of positional brachial plexopathy.Results:Significant amplitude loss of both IONM modalities were identified during an evolving positional plexopathy, which resolved upon upper extremity repositioning and conversion to an open procedure. No permanent nerve injury or deficit was noted following surgery.Conclusions:Given the potential for brachial plexus injury during robotic transaxillary thyroid surgery secondary to arm positioning, we recommend that continuous tceMEP and SSEP monitoring be considered during such procedures.
Endoscopic sinus surgery checklist
Authors: Soler Zachary M. , Smith Timothy L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOver 250,000 endoscopic sinus surgeries are performed yearly in the United States alone. Although overall complication rates are low, errors can lead to significant morbidity due to the close proximity of the sinuses to the orbit and skull base and the resultant potential for blindness, cerebrospinal fluid leak, and catastrophic bleeding. Surgical checklists are endorsed by the World Health Organization and have been incorporated into most U.S. operating rooms as a measure to minimize avoidable errors. Standardized surgical checklists were developed with general and/or orthopedic procedures in mind, but in many instances they fail to incorporate concerns specific to endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). In response to this clinical problem, we sought to develop and institute an ESS surgical checklist. This checklist can serve as a template for physicians who perform ESS and wish to prevent avoidable adverse events.
Thermal Properties of Oligo(2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline) Containing Comb and Graft Copolymers and their Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Weber Christine , Krieg Andreas , Paulus Renzo M. , Lambermont‐Thijs Hanneke M. L. , Becer C. Remzi , Hoogenboom Richard , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSummary: The cationic ring opening polymerization of 2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline (EtOx) was applied for the synthesis of methacrylate end‐functionalized well‐defined macromonomers that could be polymerized in a controlled manner using reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization. The obtained comb polymers revealed lower critical solution temperature behavior in aqueous solution. The cloud points of these solutions could be tuned in a range from 35 °C to 85 °C by the incorporation of hydrophobic methyl methacrylate comonomer in varying amounts into the graft copolymers whereas copolymerization with methacrylic acid rendered temperature and pH sensitive copolymers. Thermo‐gravimetric analysis showed a two‐step decomposition of the graft copolymers and differential scanning calorimetry revealed glass transition temperatures that are significantly lowered in comparison to linear PEtOx.
New Photoinitiating Systems for Cationic Polymerization Acting at Near UV and Visible Range
Authors: Aydogan Binnur , Durmaz Yasemin Yuksel , Kahveci Muhammet U. , Uygun Mustafa , Tasdelen M. Atilla , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSummary: New photoiniting systems for cationic polymerization acting at near UV and visible range are described. The applicability of acylgermanes as a new class of free radical promoters for photoinitiated cationic polymerization is demonstrated. Moreover, the use of substituted vinyl halides as source for readily oxidizable free radicals is presented. The polymerization of vinyl ethers can be initiated by the irradiation of substituted vinyl halides in the presence of Lewis acids such as zinc halide. Furthermore, possibilities for conducting cationic polymerization at visible range by using highly conjugated thiophene derivatives are demonstrated. Mechanistic aspects of all initiating systems are discussed.
Silicone Nano/Microstructures Obtained in Ionic Polymerization
Authors: Kuźmicz Danuta , Kępczyński Mariusz , Bednar Jan , Mistrikova Veronika , Jachimska Barbara , Nowakowska Maria 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSummary: This work presents a novel surfactant‐free method of preparation of silicone hollow nano/microstructures in water. New silicone monomer was synthesized by attaching the unsaturated fatty acid ester – methyl 10‐undecenoate (UDM) to the commercial silicone monomer ‐ 1,3,5,7‐tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D) using hydrosilylation reaction. The reaction was catalyzed by Karstedt's catalyst [Pt(0)‐divinyltetramethyldisiloxane complex]. That modified monomer, tetra(11‐methoxy‐11‐oxoundecyl)‐tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D), undergoes self‐organization in water. The anionic ring‐opening polymerization of D resulted in formation of the silicone polymer (poly‐D). Both, the silicone monomer and the polymer were dispersed in aqueous medium using sonication. The structures in the dispersions were visualized by cryo‐transmission electron microscopy (Cryo‐TEM) and optical microscopy. The size of the particles was also determined from dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements.
Polymer Composites Based on Reactive Carboxylate‐Alumoxanes
Authors: Florjańczyk Zbigniew , Dębowski Maciej , Plichta Andrzej , Ćwil Aleksandra , Affek Marcin , Chwojnowska Elżbieta , Kania Anna 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSummary: The possibility of applying basic aluminum carboxylates as the cross‐linking monomers in radical polymerization processes as well as the initiators for ATRP of styrene and coordination ROP of heterocyclic monomers was examined. It was established, that aluminum carboxylates containing in their structure the acrylic and lauric acids derivatives show high activity in the copolymerization with vinyl monomers which results in the hybrid polymer networks formation. In the typical ATRP conditions, polymers grafted with styrene are obtained while basic aluminum 2‐bromopropionate is used as the initiator. Hybrid composites i.e. core‐shell nanospheres can be obtained in this way at low degree of polymerization. Nanoparticles of basic aluminum caroboxylates when reacted with triethylaluminum show high activity as initiators in the polymerization processes of ε‐caprolactone, trimethylene carbonate as well as propylene and ethylene oxides. Cross‐linked products in the form of a gel were formed as the result of ROP in such systems. However, linear polymers characterized by Mn above 104 and PDI ≥ 1.9 were obtained after aluminum residuals removal.
Synthesis of Poly (ε‐Caprolactone‐Co‐Tetrahydrofuran) by an Acid Exchanged Montmorillonite Clay
Authors: Bouchama Abdelghani , Ferrahi Mohammed Issam , Belbachir Mohammed 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSummary: In the present work the copolymerization of ε‐caprolactone with tetrahydrofyran using a proton exchanged Montmorillonite clay as initiator is reported. The effects of the amounts of Mag‐H and the temperature on the synthesis of poly (ε‐caprolactone‐co‐tetrahydrofuran) were studied. The copolymer obtained was characterized by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy.
Molecular alterations in hepatocarcinogenesis induced by dietary methyl deficiency
Authors: Pogribny Igor P. , James S. Jill , Beland Frederick A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA chronic deficiency of major dietary methyl group donors – methionine, choline, folic acid, and vitamin B12 – can induce the development of liver cancer in rodents. Feeding methyl‐deficient diets causes several molecular alterations, including altered lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, deregulated one‐carbon metabolism, and a number of epigenetic abnormalities that result in progressive liver injury culminating in the development of primary liver tumors. Importantly, this methyl‐deficient model of endogenous hepatocarcinogenesis is one of the most relevant models of human liver carcinogenesis that allows studying liver cancer pathogenesis by substantially complementing many shortcomings of humans‐only studies. In this review, we describe molecular changes and their role in pathogenesis of liver carcinogenesis induced by methyl deficiency.
Metabolic syndrome: Evidences for a personalized nutrition
Authors: Perez‐Martinez Pablo , Garcia‐Rios Antonio , Delgado‐Lista Javier , Perez‐Jimenez Francisco , Lopez‐Miranda Jose 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBoth insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia are determined by genetic and environmental factors. Depending on their expression and their function, gene variants may influence either insulin action or other metabolic traits. Nutrition also plays an important role in the development and progression of these conditions. Genetic background may interact with habitual dietary fat composition, affecting predisposition to insulin resistance syndrome and individual responsiveness to changes in dietary fat intake. In this context, nutrigenetics has emerged as a multidisciplinary field focusing on studying the interactions between nutritional and genetic factors and health outcomes. Due to the complex nature of gene–environment interactions, however, dietary therapy may require a “personalized” nutrition approach in the future. Although the results have not always been consistent, gene variants that affect primary insulin action, and particularly their interaction with the environment, are important modulators of glucose metabolism. The purpose of this review is to present some evidence of studies that have already demonstrated the significance of gene–nutrient interactions (adiponectin gene, Calpain‐10, glucokinase regulatory protein, transcription factor 7‐like 2, leptin receptor, scavenger receptor class B type I etc.) that influence insulin resistance in subjects with metabolic syndrome.