bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single-session alcohol sclerotherapy in benign symptomatic hepatic cysts
Authors: Larssen T. B. , Viste A. , Jensen D. K. , Søndenaa K. , Røkke O. , Horn A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to evaluate the results of single-session alcohol sclerotherapy in benign symptomatic liver cysts Material and Methods: Ten cysts (volume 200–4800 ml) in 10 patients were treated by percutaneous catheterization and injection of 96% ethanol at a dose of 10% of the cyst volume but never more than 100 ml. the treatment was applied for a maximum of 20 min, after which the alcohol and catheter were removed Results: A satisfactory reduction in cyst volume was achieved in all patients. in 8 patients there was a re-accumulation of fluid during the first period after therapy, followed by a significant reduction in volume on later follow-up examinations. Except for pain, there were no complications Conclusion: Sclerotherapy as a single-session procedure resulted in a significant reduction in cyst volume in all 10 patients. the postprocedural re-accumulation of fluid seen in 8 patients proved to be temporary. It was not necessary to repeat the sclerotherapy procedure in any patient
Human hepatic carbohydrate metabolism
Authors: Ikehira H. , Obata T. , Koga M. , Yoshida K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Dynamic natural-abundance 13C MR spectroscopy (MRS) studies without proton decoupling were performed in the human liver using commercial 1.5 T MR equipment Material and Methods: A single tuned custom-made circular surface coil with an OD of 20 cm operating at 16.04 MHz was used for the 13C study. Seventy-five grams of glucose dissolved in water was administered for the natural-abundance 13C-MRS dynamic study which lasted for approximately 40 to 60 min. Data acquisition was broken into 20-min and 1.7-min blocks. Localized proton shimming with a whole-body coil was performed with sufficient volume to include the observing area of the surface coil; the line width of the water signal was less than 20 Hz Results and Conclusion: the glucose and glycogen spectra were clearly visible at 80 to 120 ppm after oral administration of the glucose solution. These data demonstrate that dynamic hepatic carbohydrate metabolism can be observed with commercially available MR equipment. Given that the human hepatic glycogen pool reaches maximum level within less than 10 min, this technique should provide a direct diagnosis of hepatic carbohydrate metabolic disorders
CT with different doses of the hepatocyte-specific contrast medium fp 736-03
Authors: Bergman A. , Sundin A. , Magnusson A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to study the dose-response relationship in FP 736-03 (48 mg I/ml), a hepatocyte-specific contrast medium for CT of the liver Material and Methods: A nude-rat model of experimental hepatic metastases was used. CT of the liver was performed before and after i.v. injection of FP 736-03 at 4 different doses: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg b.w. Attenuation in the normal liver parenchyma and in the metastases was measured and plotted as a function of time Results: the enhancement of the normal liver parenchyma increased in the dose range studied. No increase was found in the metastases; the attenuation here remained constant during the observation period. the maximum enhancement values at doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 ml/kg b.w. were (mean ± SD) 13.5±2.7, 30.1±4.2, 33.2±4.5 and 59.7±13.1 HU respectively
A case of hyperoxaluria
Authors: Elmståhl B. , Rausing A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Oxalosis is an unusual pathological condition with calcium oxalate deposits in soft tissue and bone, recognized as osteosclerosis on radiography. Osteosclerotic bone changes in patients treated with hemodialysis are in most cases due to secondary hyperparathyroidism, but several other diagnoses have to be considered Material, Methods and Results: We describe the case of a young woman with advanced renal failure treated with hemodialysis since her youth. She had skeletal pain and radiological examination showed: osteosclerosis with sclerotic vertebral bodies; irregular sclerosis and unsharp periostal outline in the tubular bones of the extremities; and acrolysis and calcifications of vascular and soft tissue in the hands. Histological examination showed changes typical of oxalosis. A liver biopsy excluded primary oxalosis type I, and she probably had a secondary oxalosis due to renal failure. This condition (as opposed to primary oxalosis) can be treated with renal transplantation Conclusion: Oxalosis is a rare condition but it should be considered in patients with radiological skeletal changes and chronic renal failure and should not be misinterpreted as renal osteodystrophy. the classification of oxalosis as primary or secondary is important for further treatment
Cine-mr imaging of the shoulder
Authors: Allmann K.-H. , Uhl M. , Gufler H. , Biebow N. , Hauer M. P. , Kotter E. , Reichelt A. , Langer M. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Shoulder lesions are usually examined with the joint in only one or two positions. We examined the shoulder with the joint in a variety of positions. We also assessed the application of cine-MR to the detection of instability and impingement Material and Methods: the cine-MR examinations were performed in 30 patients and 15 healthy volunteers. We used an open 0.2 T system and a closed 1.0 T system. Spoiled gradient echo 2D T1-weighted images and turbo spin-echo T1- and T2-weighted images were obtained with a field of view of 180 mm. the examinations were videotaped and evaluated later Results: Normal variations of the glenohumeral joint were easy to recognize. Subluxations and luxations of the humeral head as well as rupture of the labrum were identified. It was also possible to identify the labrum with a signal change after arthroscopic refixation. and we were able to objectively assess distances between the osseous structures during dynamic movement Conclusion: Unlike static MR, cine-MR would appear to be useful in visualizing the capsular ligament complex of the gleno-humeral joint in impingement and instability. It also provides information on dynamic changes and may thus prove to be an important tool for shoulder diagnostics. the method may provide an early diagnosis in the sub-acromial impingement syndrome
A new radiographic method for evaluating the degree of sliding in devices used in hip-fracture surgery
Authors: Lunsjö K. , Åström K. , Stigsson L. , Sparr G. , Hauggaard A. , Heyden A. , Ceder L. , Spanne S. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: to find a practical method for estimating the degree of sliding that occurs in screw-plate devices used in hip-fracture surgery. Greater understanding of the sliding mechanisms in different fracture types should improve surgical technique and reduce the failure rate Methods and Results: in dynamic screw-plate devices, the lag screw slides inside the barrel of the plate. A recent innovation allows the barrel-plate to slide inside a side-plate, thus making possible a combined fracture compression along the neck and the shaft of femur. the lengths of the different parts and the angle of a device in vivo, measured on a radiograph, depend on the position of the femur relative to the photographic film and the roentgen source. We obtained these measurements with a ruler and a protractor from sequential a.p. radiographs of the hip and implemented them in a special computerized program that used the principles of the scaled orthographic and the central projection models. These calculations provided the correct amount of sliding by the lag screw and by the barrel-plate within the side-plate Conclusion: the method presented here can establish the real degree of sliding in screw-plate devices from standard a.p. radiographs independently of the position of the hip
Correlation of T1 and T2 relaxation rates in normal bone-marrow water with serum ferritin concentration
Authors: Ishizaka H. , Ishijima H. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: This study was made to clarify the paramagnetic effect of iron stored in the hematopoietic tissue of bone marrow Material and Methods: the T1 and T2 relaxation times of bone-marrow water in the L1-3 vertebrae of 20 healthy individuals were measured by MR imaging with a 1.5 T magnet. the chemical shift misregistration effect was used to isolate the bone-marrow water. the results were compared with the serum ferritin concentration Results and Conclusion: Although no correlation between the T1 relaxation rate of the water fraction and the serum ferritin concentration was evident, the T2 relaxation rate of the water fraction showed strong linear correlation with the serum ferritin concentration (r=0.87, p<0.00001). Thus, T2 of bone-marrow water accurately reflects the amount of iron in normal bone marrow. This finding may be useful in the evaluation of the characteristics of hematopoietic tissue in bone marrow
An in vitro1H-MRS Model of Oncogene Transfection
Authors: Nakai T. , Ishima R. , Sakahara H. , Endo K. , Konishi J. , Akasaka K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Malignancy is an abnormality of cell division and differentiation based on abnormal expression of oncogenes. This note describes the in vitro1H-NMR spectral features of oncogene-transfected NIH3T3 fibroblast cells compared to non-transfected cells Material and Methods: 1H-NMR spectra of cultured NIH3T3 cells and c-erbB-2 or c-Ha-ras gene-transfected cells were obtained by 400 MHz high resolution NMR. the peaks were assigned by 2D HOHAHA spectra of the cell suspension and the spectral changes were evaluated in 1D and 1D differential spectra Results: the 1H spectra obtained from both transfected cell lines were broadened over all peaks, suggesting reduced mobility in plasma membrane lipid molecules. No other differential spectra for characterizing metabolic change was detected Conclusion: Broadened 1H spectra observed after c-erbB-2 or c-Ha-ras transfection suggest changes of plasma membrane viscosity, which may be related to the oncogene expression
Liver imaging
Authors: Rummeny E. J. , Marchal G. 
Published: January 2010

Primary hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastases affect several millon people each year. The main imaging modalities to detect and assist diagnosis of primary and secondary liver tumours include MR imaging, CT, and US. The value of these techniques is further increased by the use of contrast agents which increase the sensitivity, and sometimes also the specificity, of the investigations. The relative advantages and drawbacks of the different contrast agents and imaging modalities in the detection and characterisation of liver tumours are discussed. Currently there is no consensus amongst investigators as to which is superior, due to the technical complexities and number of combinations possible within each of the different modalities. There continues to be advances in the hardware and software of imaging equipment, as well as a trend to develop new contrast agents with more organ-specificity. These include those targeting the hepatocytes, such as mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP, Teslascan), and those with reticuloendothelial cell specificity, such as the superpara-magnetic iron oxides. These developments have the potential for making significant contributions to the diagnostic value of imaging procedures and, by reducing the number of investigations necessary to reach a final diagnosis, having a significant and beneficial impact on the pharmaco-economics of patient health care.
NMR relaxation studies with MnDPDP
Authors: Southon T. E. , Grant D. , Bjørnerud A. , Moen O. M. , Spilling B. , Martinsen I. , Refsum H. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: Our studies were designed to compare the efficacy of mangafodipir triso-dium (MnDPDP, Teslascan) as a tissue-specific MR agent with that of manganese chloride (MnCl2), to compare the efficacy of different doses and rates of administration of MnDPDP, and to collect the data needed for predicting optimum pulse sequences. Material and Methods: The dose response for the relaxation rates R1 and R2 at 0.47 T, and the manganese (Mn) concentrations in rat liver and in the liver, pancreas, heart and adrenals of pigs was determined for both MnDPDP and MnCl2 administered i.v. Computer simulations were carried out to model the effects of different tissue Mn concentrations and TR on signal intensities and contrast-to-noise ratios. Results: In rat liver and pig organs both compounds produced a positive dose-response in R1 and tissue Mn concentration, and only small or no response in R2. The Mn concentration in rat liver was positively correlated with R1, regardless of the form in which Mn was given, or the rate of administration. Optimal imaging parameters are therefore expected to be different pre- and post-MnDPDP administration. Conclusion: The added cardiovascular safety of MnDPDP compared with MnCl2 does not result in loss of efficacy in increasing R1 at the intended clinical dose of 5 μmol/kg MnDPDP. The changes in R2 were too small to affect T2-weighted images. The data give the basis for choosing the appropriate pulse sequences for MnDPDP-en-hanced MR imaging.
MnDPDP enhancement in rabbit liver after intravenous bolus injection and slow infusion
Authors: Thorstensen Ö. , Isberg B. , Jorulf H. , Westman L. , Svahn U. , Venizelos N. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To investigate the MR-enhancing effect of mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP, Teslascan) in the rabbit liver in relation to dose, mode of administration and imaging window. Material and Methods: MnDPDP was administered to 18 rabbits at a dose of 10 μmol/kg or 20 μmol/kg, as a bolus injection or infusion. MR imaging of the liver was performed at different time intervals. Results: Peak liver enhancement was typically observed 10–30 min after administration and the enhancement declined with a half-time of about 5 h. This pattern was observed in all sequences (SE 400/15, FLASH, and SE 132/10), with both doses and with both rates of administration. The peak enhancement was greater, though not significantly so after 20 μmol/kg than after 10 μmol/kg. A higher relative peak signal was observed with SE 132/10 than with FLASH or SE 400/15. Conclusion: A good liver imaging result was obtained after a dose of 10 μmol/kg, either bolus or infusion, 10–30 min post-contrast with heavily T1-weighted sequences.
The reproductive toxicology of intravenously administered MnDPDP in the rat and rabbit
Authors: Grant D. , Blazak W. F. , Brown G. L. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: The reproductive toxicology of mangafodipir trisodium (MnDPDP, Teslascan), a new hepatobiliary MR contrast agent, was evaluated in rats and rabbits. Material and Methods: Male and female fertility and post-natal development were examined in rats after repeated i.v. injections of MnDPDP. The developmental toxicity in rats was investigated after repeated daily i.v. injections during organogenesis with MnDPDP, MnCl2, or DPDP, as well as with MnCl2, administered orally. The developmental toxicity of i.v. injected MnDPDP was also investigated in rabbits. Results: MnDPDP (100 μmol/kg) had no adverse effects on rat fertility. However, both MnDPDP (10–40 μmol/kg) and MnCl2 (30 μmol/kg) caused skeletal abnormalities in the rat, but not in the rabbit given 20 μmol MnDPDP/kg. Maternal treatment of rats with MnDPDP (40 μmol/kg) reduced survival and body weights of neonates, and adversely affected their functional, but not physical development. No skeletal abnormalities were seen in the rat after i.v. administered DPDP (40 μmol/kg) or MnCl2 (6 μmol/kg), or after MnCl2 (400 μmol/kg) given by oral gavage. Maternal toxicity was not seen in rats or rabbits given these doses. Conclusion: MnDPDP caused skeletal abnormalities in foetal rats, but not rabbits, and had no effects on rat fertility. Manganese appears to be the causative agent for inducing bone abnormalities in the rat.
Angiography in non-traumatic brain haematoma
Authors: Griffiths P. D. , Beveridge C. J. , Gholkar A. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: The primary purpose of this project was to study the anatomical characteristics of intracerebral haematoma (ICH) in order to determine features that may negate the need for angiography in some patients. Material and Methods: The study was prospective and designed to investigate the underlying cause of non-traumatic ICH in 100 cases assessed by conventional angiography. Patients were excluded if there was a history of trauma or known pre-existing brain abnormality. All patients were examined with CT and angiography within 4 days of the ictus. Results: Ruptured aneurysms or arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) were diagnosed on the initial angiogram in 49% of cases: 27 AVMs and 22 aneurysms. One case of superior sagittal sinus thrombosis was also detected. Vascular abnormalities were found most frequently in the under-40 age group and in cases in which subarachnoid haemorrhage, intraventricular haemorrhage or extracerebral haematoma accompanied the ICH. The temporal lobe was the most frequent anatomical location (37%). When a temporal lobe haematoma extended into the Sylvian fissure from the inferior pole of the temporal lobe or when it was associated with subarachnoid haemorrhage, structural abnormalities were found in over 90% of cases Conclusions: There are groups of patients with ICH in whom the CT features are highly suggestive of AVM or aneurysm rupture. If the initial angiography is negative in these cases, careful follow up by repeat angiography and/or MR imaging is essential. However, potentially treatable abnormalities cannot be excluded with certainty by the distribution of the haematoma on CT alone, even if there is a history of pre-existing hypertension.
Craniocaudal motion velocity in the cervical spinal cord in degenerative disease as shown by MR imaging
Authors: Tanaka H. , Sakurai K. , Iwasaki M. , Harada K. , Inaba F. , Hirabuki N. , Nakamura H. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To investigate, by means of MR phase imaging, the effects of compression on the velocity of craniocaudal motion in the spinal cord. Material and Methods: Spin-echo pulse sequences with velocity encoding gradients were used to examine 12 patients with cervical spondylosis and 6 normal volunteers. Oblique-axial phase images at 3 levels (cranial, middle and caudal), were obtained with prospective electrocardiogram gating. The middle level was set at the site where the spinal cord was most severely compressed, and the cranial and caudal sections were set where it was not compressed. Time-velocity curves were generated at these 3 levels and focal velocity change was correlated with motor function in the lower extremities. Results and Conclusion: The cord showed a higher motion velocity at the compression level than at noncompression levels. This paradoxical increase in velocity was observed in 7 out of 8 patients whose lower extremity motor function was impaired. Four patients with normal lower extremity motor function did not demonstrate this increase in velocity. An increase in motion velocity was therefore found to correlate with impaired lower extremity motor function.
Transcutaneous needle biopsy of the lung
Authors: Komiya T. , Kusunoki Y. , Kobayashi M. , Hirashima T. , Yana T. , Masuda N. , Matsui K. , Takada M. , Nakagawa K. , Kotake Y. , Yasumitsu T. , Kikui M. , Kawase I. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of transcutaneous needle biopsy (TCNB). Material and Methods: From May 1988 to December 1994, we performed TCNB under fluoroscopic control in 408 patients with mass lesions of the peripheral lung. The Surecut needle (1.5 mm) was selected mainly because of its ability to obtain specimens large enough for histological examination. Of the 408 patients, 286 had had previous bronchofiberscopic examinations but no definite diagnosis had been reached. Results: A definite diagnosis was obtained by TCNB in 305 (74.7%) of 408 cases (251 malignant neoplasms, 54 benign lesions). In malignant neoplasms, the pathological diagnosis based on cytology and histology together was more reliable than that based on cytology alone. Although the complications of this procedure (such as pneumothorax) were within the range of acceptability, care should be taken to avoid air embolism and the seeding of cancer cells along the needle tract. Conclusion: TCNB with the Surecut needle is a useful procedure with relatively low risk.
Progress of emphysema in severe α1-Antitrypsin Deficiency as Assessed by Annual CT
Authors: Dirksen A. , Friis M. , Olesen K. P. , Skovgaard L. T. , Sørensen K. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: To assess serial CT as a measure of the progress of emphysema in patients with severe α1,-antitrpsin deficiency (phenotype PiZ). Material and Methods: In a randomized placebo-controlled study of α1,-antitrypsin augmentation therapy, 22 patients with moderate emphysema were followed for 2–4 years with an annual lung CT. The images were analysed by means of semiautomatic lung detection, and the degree of emphysema was quantitated by the density-mask and the percentile methods. The influence of lung volume was standardised by a regression model. Results: A highly significant decline in Hounsfield units (HU) was found in low-density areas, corresponding to a mean (SE) annual loss of lung tissue of 2.1 (0.4) g/l lung volume. Analysis of a single slice at 5 cm below the level of the carina gave comparable results: 2.4 (0.4) g/l. Conclusion: Serial CT is a sensitive measure of the progress of emphysema in patients with severe α1-antitrypsin deficiency.
Renal vascular resistance in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Brkljacic B. , Sabljar-Matovinovic M. , Putarek K. , Soldo D. , Morovic-Vergles J. , Hauser M. 
Published: January 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of color duplex Doppler ultrasonography in the assessment of renal vascular resistance (RVR) by measuring resistive indices (RIs) and pulsatility indices (PIs) in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), and to correlate the measured values with renal function and the presence of arterial hypertension. Material and Methods: In 42 patients with ADPKD and 65 control subjects, RIs and PIs were measured by means of color duplex Doppler sonography and correlated with clinical and laboratory findings and with morphological abnormalities at B-mode ultrasonography. Results: Mean RI in the control subjects was 0.59 ± 0.03 (± SD) and in the patients 0.71 ± 0.11, (p < 0.01). Mean PI in the controls was 1.00 ± 0.11 and in the patients 1.69 ± 0.21, (p < 0.01). Elevated RIs and PIs heralded a progression of ADPKD. Doppler indices correlated significantly with renal function tests and morphological changes in the affected kidneys at ultrasound. Significantly higher RIs (p < 0.01) and PIs (p < 0.04) were measured in hypertensive ADPKD patients as compared to normotensive patients. Correlation of patient age and Doppler indices did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Doppler indices do reflect the increased RVR in patients with ADPKD and they correlate with renal function disturbance, with the development of systemic arterial hypertension, and with ultrasonographic abnormality of the kidney in these subjects.