bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An exploratory randomized clinical trial on negative pressure wound therapy for lower limb full‐thickness skin grafts of dermatosurgical patients
Authors: Lindholm Vivian Mikaela , Salminen Anna Wilhelmina , Koskenmies Sari Johanna , Salmivuori Mari Kaarina , Hannula‐Jouppi Katariina Sara Eriikka , Isoherranen Kirsi Maria 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFull‐thickness skin graft (FTSG) reconstructions of lower limbs are especially prone to wound complications. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) enhances wound healing, but no broad evidence exists if it promotes graft take of lower leg FTSGs. In this investigator‐initiated, prospective, randomised and controlled trial, 20 patients with ambulatory FTSG reconstruction for lower limb skin cancers were randomised for postoperative treatment with either NPWT, or conventional dressings. As outcomes, adherence of the skin graft 1 week postoperatively, any wound complications within 3 months, including ≥3 weeks delayed wound healing, and the number of additional postoperative visits were compared. In both groups, grafts adhered equally well (p = 0.47); 80% of NPWT‐treated and 100% of control group grafts adhered >90%. There was no significant difference in the number of postoperative complications/delayed wound healing (p = 0.65); 70% of patients in the NPWT and 50% in the control group developed a wound complication. Both groups had an equal number of patients with at least three additional control visits (p = 1.0). The study was discontinued after 20 patients were recruited, as no benefit from NPWT was seen. To conclude, the study showed no benefit from NPWT for lower limb FTSGs.
Decreased Tiam1‐mediated Rac1 activation is responsible for impaired directional persistence of chondrocyte migration in microtia
Authors: Wu Yi , Liu Wei , Li Jia , Shi Hang , Ma Shize , Wang Di , Pan Bo , Xiao Ran , Jiang Haiyue , Liu Xia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe human auricle has a complex structure, and microtia is a congenital malformation characterized by decreased size and loss of elaborate structure in the affected ear with a high incidence. Our previous studies suggest that inadequate cell migration is the primary cytological basis for the pathogenesis of microtia, however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we further demonstrate that microtia chondrocytes show a decreased directional persistence during cell migration. Directional persistence can define a leading edge associated with oriented movement, and any mistakes would affect cell function and tissue morphology. By the screening of motility‐related genes and subsequent confirmations, active Rac1 (Rac1‐GTP) is identified to be critical for the impaired directional persistence of microtia chondrocytes migration. Moreover, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and Rho GTPase‐activating proteins (GAPs) are detected, and overexpression of Tiam1 significantly upregulates the level of Rac1‐GTP and improves directional migration in microtia chondrocytes. Consistently, decreased expression patterns of Tiam1 and active Rac1 are found in microtia mouse models, Bmp5se/J and Prkralear‐3J/GrsrJ. Collectively, our results provide new insights into microtia development and therapeutic strategies of tissue engineering for microtia patients.
Self‐acknowledged limitations in exercise therapy trials for low back pain
Authors: Siviter Laura M. , Morretta Matthew , Petosky Teressa , Klopper Mareli , Rhon Daniel I. , Young Jodi L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRationaleDespite the widespread recommendation to engage in therapeutic exercise for the treatment of low back pain (LBP), there is conflicting evidence regarding clinical outcomes and effectiveness. Poor methodological quality may be to blame for reducing the overall strength of evidence for this intervention, yet little is known about the difficulties researchers encounter when designing and implementing their study methods.Aims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to characterize the extent and type of self‐acknowledged limitations (SALs) in exercise therapy trials for LBP to gain a better understanding of challenges encountered when conducting this research.MethodsThis is a methodological review of clinical trials in which SALs were extracted, categorized by theme and subcategorized within each theme. Counts and prevalence rates were tabulated for the number of SALs in each category and subcategory.ResultsThere were 914 SALs among the 312 included trials, with a mean of 2.93 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.77–3.09) per trial. Analysis of the data resulted in the development of 13 distinct categories of limitations, among which were 37 subcategories. The top three categories pertained to statistical power (14.3% of total SALs), study length and/or follow‐up (14.3%) and inclusion criteria (14.2%). The top three subcategories were lack of long‐term follow‐up (13.8% of total SALs), inadequate sample size (13.3%) and inclusion of specific populations (12.3%).ConclusionStatistical power, study length and/or follow‐up, and inclusion criteria were the three most commonly reported categories of SALs in exercise trials for LBP. Lack of long‐term follow‐up, inadequate sample size and inclusion of specific populations were the most common subcategories. Research protocols recognizing and avoiding these limitations will enhance the overall quality of evidence of exercise therapy trials for LBP.
Who can see the iceberg's peak? How icebergs are used by information and liquidity traders
Authors: Lajbcygier Paul , Vu Van Hoang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIceberg orders are partially disclosed limit orders that only reveal a small portion of their hidden volume at any time. Once traded, the iceberg order automatically replenishes until all its hidden volume executes. Consistent with theory, icebergs appeal to both information and liquidity traders. Information traders place orders at aggressive prices in the limit order book, which transact immediately as marketable orders. Liquidity traders use non‐aggressive orders, which sit on the book as limit orders. Iceberg traders adjust the aggressiveness of their orders as market conditions change. We find the market discovers iceberg orders through repeated replenishments.
The use of ketogenic diets in children living with drug‐resistant epilepsy, glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome and pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency: A scoping review
Authors: Cameron Tracy , Allan Karen , Kay Cooper  
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe ketogenic diet (KD) is a high fat, moderate protein and very low carbohydrate diet. It can be used as a medical treatment for drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE), glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome and pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency. The aim of this scoping review was to map the KD literature, with a focus on epilepsy and associated metabolic conditions, to summarise the current evidence‐base and identify any gaps.MethodsThis review was conducted using JBI scoping review methodological guidance and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews reporting guidance. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in September 2021 and updated in February 2024 using MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED, EmBASE, CAB Abstracts, Scopus and Food Science Source databases.ResultsThe initial search yielded 2721 studies and ultimately, data were extracted from 320 studies that fulfilled inclusion criteria for the review. There were five qualitative studies, and the remainder were quantitative, including 23 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and seven quasi‐experimental studies. The USA published the highest number of KD studies followed by China, South Korea and the UK. Most studies focused on the classical KD and DRE. The studies key findings suggest that the KD is efficacious, safe and tolerable.ConclusionsThere are opportunities available to expand the scope of future KD research, particularly to conduct high‐quality RCTs and further qualitative research focused on the child's needs and family support to improve the effectiveness of KDs.
Association of hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype with metabolic syndrome traits and its diagnostic potential to predict metabolic syndrome in adults with excess body weight: A community‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Wasana Keddagoda Gamage Piyumi , Silva Nayomi Deshani De , Attanayake Anoja Priyadarshani , Weerarathna Thilak Priyantha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype is a simple measure to identify individuals at increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) traits. The present study aimed to describe the HTGW prevalence, and its associations with MetS traits, and also determine the diagnostic potential of the mirror indices of HTGW phenotype to predict MetS and its components in community‐dwelling adults with overweight or obesity in Southern, Sri Lanka.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, 300 adults with excess body weight (body mass index >23 kg/m2) were enrolled and examined for the HTGW phenotype (fasting plasma triglyceride concentration ≥1.695 mmol/L and waist circumference >90 and >85 cm in males and females, respectively).ResultsOne in five adults with excess body weight had the HTGW phenotype. Phenotype‐positive adults had significantly higher fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (p = 0.010), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) (p < 0.001), total cholesterol (p < 0.001), atherogenic index (p < 0.001), coronary risk index (p = 0.001), triglyceride glucose index (p = 0.040), bioimpedance visceral fat (p = 0.041) and significantly lower HDL‐C (p = 0.001) and cardioprotective index (p = 0.009) than those without the HTGW phenotype. Adults with excess body weight and the HTGW phenotype had an increased risk of FPG (odds ratio [OR] = 1.294; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.051–1.594), atherogenic index (OR = 3.138; 95% CI = 1.559–6.317) and triglyceride glucose index (OR = 3.027; 95% CI = 1.111–8.249). The HTGW phenotype was strongly associated with MetS traits (OR = 16.584; 95% CI = 6.230–44.147). The cut‐off values for the product of waist circumference × triglyceride, to identify the risk of having MetS and dyslipidemia among adults with excess body weight were 158.66 and 160.15 cm × mmol/L, respectively.ConclusionsThe readily available and inexpensive measures of the HTGW phenotype could serve as a clinically useful marker to identify MetS traits in adults with excess body weight.
Evaluation of the effects of carboxytherapy in the treatment of periorbital dark circles
Authors: Tabaie Seyed Mehdi , Shirkavand Afshan , Mansouri Parvin , Mehrizi Ali Asghar Haeri , Farshi Susan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDark eye circle (DEC) is one of the most common cosmetic problems. It has a great impact on the patients' quality of life. Carboxytherapy is a cosmetic technique using pure carbon dioxide for different uses in different areas of the body. The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of carboxytherapy in the cosmetic correction of DECs.MethodsThis study was conducted on 27 patients requesting the correction of DEC. The treatment was performed using a carboxy device in medical grade. The gas injection was performed intradermal after local anesthesia, with a pressure of one tenth bar and a speed of 20 cc/min, 1 cc in each upper and lower eyelid. The treatment sessions were done every 2 weeks for four sessions.ResultsThe mean physicians' score of DECs before and after treatment was 8.7 ± 0.81 and 4.6 ± 1.1, respectively. The mean patients' score before and after treatment was 9.2 ± 0.5 versus 5.41 ± 1.37. The mean scores showed a significant reduction of skin discoloration without major side effects (p < 0.00001).ConclusionCarboxytherapy seems to be an effective treatment option for dark circles around the eyes with a good safety profile and patient satisfaction.
Feasibility study of ResNet‐50 in the distinction of intraoral neural tumors using histopathological images
Authors: dos Santos Giovanna Calabrese , Araújo Anna Luíza Damaceno , de Amorim Henrique Alves , Giraldo‐Roldán Daniela , de Sousa‐Neto Sebastião Silvério , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Lopes Marcio Ajudarte , Moraes Matheus Cardoso 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeural tumors are difficult to distinguish based solely on cellularity and often require immunohistochemical staining to aid in identifying the cell lineage. This article investigates the potential of a Convolutional Neural Network for the histopathological classification of the three most prevalent benign neural tumor types: neurofibroma, perineurioma, and schwannoma.MethodsA model was developed, trained, and evaluated for classification using the ResNet‐50 architecture, with a database of 30 whole‐slide images stained in hematoxylin and eosin (106, 782 patches were generated from and divided among the training, validation, and testing subsets, with strategies to avoid data leakage).ResultsThe model achieved an accuracy of 70% (64% normalized), and showed satisfactory results for differentiating two of the three classes, reaching approximately 97% and 77% as true positives for neurofibroma and schwannoma classes, respectively, and only 7% for perineurioma class. The AUROC curves for neurofibroma and schwannoma classes was 0.83%, and 0.74% for perineurioma. However, the specificity rate for the perineurioma class was greater (83%) than in the other two classes (neurofibroma with 61%, and schwannoma with 60%).ConclusionThis investigation demonstrated significant potential for proficient performance with a limitation regarding the perineurioma class (the limited feature variability observed contributed to a lower performance).
Towards hepatitis C virus elimination in Iran: A blueprint for comprehensive strategies
Authors: Mousavi SeyedehFatemeh , Alavi Maryam , Delavari Alireza , Poustchi Hossein , Mohammadi Zahra , Malekzadeh Reza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe hepatitis C virus (HCV) continues to pose a significant public health challenge in Iran, mirroring a worldwide concern. This situation calls for a cohesive strategy that aligns with the World Health Organization's (WHO) goals for HCV elimination by 2030. Central to this strategy is targeting high‐risk groups, notably people who inject drugs and prisoners, with prevention, screening and treatment. The deployment of point‐of‐care testing and treatments in prisons and harm reduction facilities is vital. The adoption of cost‐effective generic direct‐acting antivirals represents a major step forward. Furthermore, innovative educational initiatives for healthcare providers and awareness campaigns for the public are critical. Additionally, tackling stigma, ensuring treatment affordability and upholding strict surveillance and data management, coupled with ongoing policy reviews, are vital components. This comprehensive and integrated approach is designed to drive Iran towards eliminating HCV and can serve as a blueprint for other countries with similar challenges.
A dose titration protocol for once‐daily insulin glargine 300 U/mL for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in dogs
Authors: Tardo Antonio Maria , Fleeman Linda Mary , Fracassi Federico , Berg Alisa Saule , Guarino Aria L. , Gilor Chen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundIn purpose‐bred dogs, insulin glargine 300 U/mL (IGla300) has long duration of action, peakless time‐action profile, and low potency, making it suitable for use as a basal insulin.HypothesisTo evaluate IGla300 in client‐owned diabetic dogs monitored using a flash glucose monitoring system (FGMS).AnimalsNinety‐five client‐owned diabetic dogs, newly diagnosed or previously treated with other insulin formulations, with or without concurrent diseases.MethodsProspective multi‐institutional study. Clinical signs and standardized assessment of FGMS data, using treatment and monitoring guidelines established a priori, guided dose adjustments and categorization into levels of glycemic control.ResultsThe initial IGla300 dose was 0.5 U/Kg q24h for newly diagnosed dogs and (median dose [range]) 0.8 U/Kg (0.2‐2.5) q24h for all dogs. Glycemic control was classified as good or excellent in 87/95 (92%) dogs. The IGla300 was administered q24h (1.9 U/kg [0.2‐5.2]) and q12h (1.9 U/kg/day [0.6‐5.0]) in 56/95 (59%) and 39/95 (41%) dogs, respectively. Meal‐time bolus injections were added in 5 dogs (0.5 U/kg/injection [0.3‐1.0]). Clinical hypoglycemia occurred in 6/95 (6%) dogs. Dogs without concurrent diseases were more likely to receive IGla300 q24h than dogs with concurrent diseases (72% vs 50%, respectively; P = .04).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceInsulin glargine 300 U/mL can be considered a suitable therapeutic option for once‐daily administration in diabetic dogs. Clinicians should be aware of the low potency and wide dose range of IGla300. In some dogs, twice‐daily administration with or without meal‐time bolus injections may be necessary to achieve glycemic control. Monitoring with FGMS is essential for dose titration of IGla300.
Plant acclimation to ionising radiation requires activation of a detoxification pathway against carbonyl‐containing lipid oxidation products
Authors: Ksas Brigitte , Chiarenza Serge , Dubourg Nicolas , Ménard Véronique , Gilbin Rodophe , Havaux Michel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIonising γ radiation produces reactive oxygen species by water radiolysis, providing an interesting model approach for studying oxidative stress in plants. Three‐week old plants of Arabidopsis thaliana were exposed to a low dose rate (25 mGy h−1) of γ radiation for up to 21 days. This treatment had no effect on plant growth and morphology, but it induced chronic oxidation of lipids which was associated with an accumulation of reactive carbonyl species (RCS). However, contrary to lipid peroxidation, lipid RCS accumulation was transient only, being maximal after 1 day of irradiation and decreasing back to the initial level during the subsequent days of continuous irradiation. This indicates the induction of a carbonyl‐metabolising process during chronic ionising radiation. Accordingly, the γ‐radiation treatment induced the expression of xenobiotic detoxification‐related genes (AER, SDR1, SDR3, ALDH4, and ANAC102). The transcriptomic response of some of those genes (AER, SDR1, and ANAC102) was deregulated in the tga256 mutant affected in three TGAII transcription factors, leading to enhanced and/or prolonged accumulation of RCS and to a marked inhibition of plant growth during irradiation compared to the wild type. These results show that Arabidopsis is able to acclimate to chronic oxidative stress and that this phenomenon requires activation of a carbonyl detoxification mechanism controlled by TGAII. This acclimation did not occur when plants were exposed to an acute γ radiation stress (100 Gy) which led to persistent accumulation of RCS and marked inhibition of plant growth. This study shows the role of secondary products of lipid peroxidation in the detrimental effects of reactive oxygen species.
Overexpressing CYP81D11 enhances 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene tolerance and removal efficiency in Arabidopsis
Authors: Wang Han , Su Kunlong , Liu Meifeng , Liu Yuchen , Wu Zhenying , Fu Chunxiang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhytoremediation is a promising technology for removing the high‐toxic explosive 2,4,6‐trinitrotoluene (TNT) pollutant from the environment. Mining dominant genes is the key research direction of this technology. Most previous studies have focused on the detoxification of TNT rather than plants' TNT tolerance. Here, we conducted a transcriptomic analysis of wild type Arabidopsis plants under TNT stress and found that the Arabidopsis cytochrome P450 gene CYP81D11 was significantly induced in TNT‐treated plants. Under TNT stress, the root length was approximately 1.4 times longer in CYP81D11‐overexpressing transgenic plants than in wild type plants. The half‐removal time for TNT was much shorter in CYP81D11‐overexpressing transgenic plants (1.1 days) than in wild type plants (t1/2 = 2.2 day). In addition, metabolic analysis showed no difference in metabolites in transgenic plants compared to wild type plants. These results suggest that the high TNT uptake rates of CYP81D11‐overexpressing transgenic plants were most likely due to increased tolerance and biomass rather than TNT degradation. However, CYP81D11‐overexpressing plants were not more tolerant to osmotic stresses, such as salt or drought. Taken together, our results indicate that CYP81D11 is a promising target for producing bioengineered plants with high TNT removing capability.
MiR827 positively regulates the resistance to chilli veinal mottle virus by affecting the expression of FBPase in Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Tang Rongxia , Yang Yufan , Ji Chenglong , Su Yanshan , Jiao Bolei , Yuan Bowen , Yang Xiaoya , Xi Dehui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicroRNA(miRNA) is a class of non‐coding small RNA that plays an important role in plant growth, development, and response to environmental stresses. Unlike most miRNAs, which usually target homologous genes across a variety of species, miR827 targets different types of genes in different species. Research on miR827 mainly focuses on its role in regulating phosphate (Pi) homeostasis of plants, however, little is known about its function in plant response to virus infection. In the present study, miR827 was significantly upregulated in the recovery tissue of virus‐infected Nicotiana tabacum. Overexpression of miR827 could improve plants resistance to the infection of chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) in Nicotiana benthamiana, whereas interference of miR827 increased the susceptibility of the virus‐infected plants. Further experiments indicated that the antiviral defence regulated by miR827 was associated with the reactive oxygen species and salicylic acid signalling pathways. Then, fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphatase (FBPase) was identified to be a target of miR827, and virus infection could affect the expression of FBPase. Finally, transient expression of FBPase increased the susceptibility to ChiVMV‐GFP infection in N. benthamiana. By contrast, silencing of FBPase increased plant resistance. Taken together, our results demonstrate that miR827 plays a positive role in tobacco response to virus infection, thus providing new insights into understanding the role of miR827 in plant‐virus interaction.
A non‐invasive method for phenotyping scab‐tolerant apple plants using volatile organic compounds
Authors: Demiwal Pratibha , Mir Javid Iqbal , Sircar Debabrata 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOne of the most devastating diseases of apples is scab, caused by the fungus Venturia inaequalis. Most commercial apple varieties are susceptible to this disease; only a few are resistant. Breeding approaches are being used to develop better apple varieties that are resistant to scab. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contribute greatly to a plant's phenotype, and their emission profile largely depends on the genotype. In the non‐destructive phenotyping of plants, VOCs can be used as biomarkers. In this study, we assessed non‐destructively the scab tolerance potential of resistant (cv. ‘Prima’) and susceptible (cv. ‘Oregon Spur’) apple cultivars by comparing their major leaf VOC compositions and relative proportions. A comparison of the leaf VOC profiles of the two cultivars revealed 16 different VOCs, with cis‐3‐hexenyl acetate (3HA) emerging as a biomarker of cultivar differences. V. inaequalis growth was significantly inhibited in vitro by 3HA treatment. 3HA was significantly effective in reducing scab symptoms on V. inaequalis‐inoculated leaves of ‘Oregon Spur.’ The resistant cultivar ‘Prima’ also exhibited higher lipoxygenase (LOX) activity and α‐linolenic acid (ALA) levels, suggesting that V. inaequalis resistance is linked to LOX activity and 3HA biosynthesis. This study proposes 3HA as a potential biomarker for rapid non‐destructive screening of scab‐resistant apple germplasm of ‘Prima’ based on leaf VOCs.