bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased prevalence of interleukin‐17–producing CD4+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in human oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lee Jang‐Jaer , Chang Yen‐Liang , Lai Wan‐Ling , Ko Jenq‐Yuh , Kuo Mark Yen‐Ping , Chiang Chun‐Pin , Azuma Miyuki , Chen Ching‐Wen , Chia Jean‐San 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground.T helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T cells share plasticity in the expression of interleukin (IL)‐17 and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3), but their mutual presence in human diseases is unclear.Methods.IL‐17 and FOXP3 were analyzed by immunohistostaining and flow cytometry. The cytokine milieu was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR).Results.Oral squamous cell carcinoma expresses high levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β. A unique subset of FOXP3+ IL‐17‐producing CD4+ T cells was consistently identified in tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes from advanced stages of cancer, but not in the circulation, at a frequency of 0.5% to 5.5 % of total CD4+ T and positively correlated with the frequency of IL‐17+FOXP3− T cells. The IL‐17+FOXP3+ T cells express CCR6 and suppress the proliferation of autologous CD4+ CD25− responder T‐cells in vitro.Conclusions.The prevalence of IL‐17‐producing FOXP3+ CD4+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes is increased in oral squamous cell carcinoma. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Extended deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap for head and neck reconstruction: A clinical experience with 100 patients
Authors: Masià Jaume , Sommario Maria , Cervelli Daniele , Vega Carmen , León Xavier , Pons Gemma 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground.The extended deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) artery flap had been described in 1983. For head and neck reconstruction, we have been using a variation of this flap, namely a perforator free flap of the deep inferior epigastric system with a superolateral extension of the skin paddle.Methods.The purpose of this study was to present our 10‐year experience in the performance of 102 soft tissue head and neck reconstructions with the extended DIEP flap in 100 patients.Results.Depending on the reconstructive needs, we used the extended DIEP flap in 3 ways: as a cutaneous perforator flap (52.9%), as a chimeric perforator flap (6.9%), and as a myocutaneous perforator flap (40.2%). The overall flap survival rate was 97.1%. Three flaps (2.9%) totally necrosed. Partial flap loss occurred in 5.9% of the cases.Conclusion.The extended DIEP flap is reliable, has a safe vascular supply, and has a long pedicle. Its versatility makes it suitable for reconstruction of moderate to large head and neck reconstruction. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Estimating flash flood discharge in an ungauged mountain catchment with 2D hydraulic models and dendrogeomorphic palaeostage indicators
Authors: Ballesteros Cánovas J. A. , Eguibar M. , Bodoque J. M. , Díez‐Herrero A. , Stoffel M. , Gutiérrez‐Pérez I. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThere is still wide uncertainty about past flash‐flood processes in mountain regions owing to the lack of systematic databases on former events. This paper presents a methodology to reconstruct peak discharge of flash floods and illustrates a case in an ungauged catchment in the Spanish Central System. The use of dendrogeomorphic evidence (i.e. scars on trees) together with the combined use of a two‐dimensional (2D) numerical hydraulic model and a terrestrial laser scan (TLS) has allowed estimation of peak discharge of a recent flash flood. The size and height distribution of scars observed in the field have been used to define three hypothetical scenarios (Smin or minimum scenario; Smed or medium scenario; and Smax or maximum scenario), thus illustrating the uncertainty involved in peak‐discharge estimation of flash floods in ungauged torrents.All scars analysed with dendrogeomorphic techniques stem from a large flash flood which took place on 17 December 1997. On the basis of the scenarios, peak discharge is estimated to 79 ± 14 m3 s−1. The average deviation obtained between flood stage and expected scar height was − 0·09 ± 0·53 m. From the data, it becomes obvious that the geomorphic position of trees is the main factor controlling deviation rate. In this sense, scars with minimum deviation were located on trees growing in exposed locations, especially on unruffled bedrock where the model predicts higher specific kinetic energy. The approach used in this study demonstrates the potential of tree‐ring analysis in palaeohydrology and for flood‐risk assessment in catchments with vulnerable goods and infrastructure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Preliminary design of combined sewer overflows and stormwater tanks in Southern Italy
Authors: De Martino Giuseppe , De Paola Francesco , Fontana Nicola , Marini Gustavo , Ranucci Antonio 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTPollution induced by runoff on receivers is an environmental problem deserving of much attention, especially over the past few years. The structural facilities most commonly used for first flush pollution impact reduction include sewer overflows and stormwater tanks. Nevertheless, their efficiency is a current research topic and the design criteria are not completely consolidated.Based on extensive numerical simulations from 45 rain gauges located in Campania (southern Italy), two recent studies show that the performance of sewer overflows and offline stormwater tanks in reducing stormwater pollution can be reliably estimated without referring to rainfall data. Although rainfall dependency is generally negligible, it is more marked for some rainfall patterns.On the basis of that observation, this paper proposes a simplified approach to estimate pollution reduction when sewer overflows or stormwater tanks are used, correlating their efficiency to the average rainfall per wet day, which is usually easy to calculate.Analysis shows good agreement between values estimated according to the proposed approach and results provided by means of continuous simulations with a maximum deviation of about 0.05. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Repair of calvarial defects in rats by prefabricated, degradable, long fibre composite implants
Authors: Scotchford C. A. , Shataheri M. , Chen P.‐S. , Evans M. , Parsons A. J. , Aitchison G. A. , Efeoglu C. , Burke J. L. , Vikram A. , Fisher S. E. , Rudd C. D. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report results from an initial small animal study designed to provide information on the biocompatibility of a novel biodegradable composite designed for craniomaxillofacial reconstruction. Rat calvarium was chosen as a clinically analogous model, which allowed comparison between experimental groups (PCL alone, PCL/phosphate glass, or PCL/bioglass implants) and control groups (empty defects or bone grafted defects). All animals recovered well from surgery and no clinical complications were observed. Histological assessment indicated a lack of inflammatory response. The amount of new bone formation at the dural aspect of the implant was statistically significantly higher in the PCL/phosphate glass group than the other experimental groups. This study confirms, in a clinically analogous model, the promise of the novel PCL/phosphate glass composite material. Work is planned toward manufacturing scale up and clinical trials. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2010.
Extracellular matrix‐mimetic adhesive biomaterials for bone repair
Authors: Shekaran Asha , García Andrés J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLimited osseointegration of current orthopedic biomaterials contributes to the failure of implants such as arthroplasties, bone screws, and bone grafts, which present a large socioeconomic cost within the United States. These implant failures underscore the need for biomimetic approaches that modulate host cell–implant material responses to enhance implant osseointegration and bone formation. Bioinspired strategies have included functionalizing implants with extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins or ECM‐derived peptides or protein fragments, which engage integrins and direct osteoblast adhesion and differentiation. This review discusses (1) bone ECM composition and key integrins implicated in osteogenic differentiation, (2) the use of implants functionalized with ECM–mimetic peptides/protein fragments, and (3) growth factor–derived peptides to promote the mechanical fixation of implants to bone and to enhance bone healing within large defects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2010.
Furanodienone inhibits cell proliferation and survival by suppressing ERα signaling in human breast cancer MCF‐7 cells
Authors: Li Ying‐Wei , Zhu Guo‐Yuan , Shen Xiao‐Ling , Chu Jian‐Hong , Yu Zhi‐Ling , Fong Wang‐Fun 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEstrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays an important role in the development and progression of breast cancer and thus the attenuation of ERα activities is a promising treatment strategy. Furanodienone is one of the main bioactive chemical components of Rhizoma Curcumae which is commonly used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of furanodienone on human breast cancer MCF‐7, T47D, and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Our results showed that furanodienone could inhibit MCF‐7, T47D, and MDA‐MB‐231 cells proliferation in a dose (10–160 µM) dependent manner. ERα‐negative MDA‐MB‐231 cells were less sensitive to furanodienone than ERα‐positive MCF‐7 and T47D cells. Furanodienone could effectively block 17β‐estradiol (E2)‐stimulated MCF‐7 cell proliferation and cell cycle progression and induce apoptosis evidenced by the flow cytometric detection of sub‐G1 DNA content and the appearance of apoptotic nuclei after DAPI staining. Furanodienone specifically down‐regulated ERα protein and mRNA expression levels without altering ERβ expression. Furanodienone treatment inhibited E2‐stimulation of estrogen response element (ERE)‐driven reporter plasmid activity and ablated E2‐targeted gene (e.g., c‐Myc, Bcl‐2, and cyclin D1) expression which resulted in the inhibition of cell cycle progression and cell proliferation, and in the induction of apoptosis. Knockdown of ERα in MCF‐7 cells by ERα‐specific siRNA decreased the cell growth inhibitory effect of furanodienone. These findings suggest that effects of furanodienone on MCF‐7 cells are mediated, at least in part, by inhibiting ERα signaling. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 217–224, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A reoptimized GROMOS force field for hexopyranose‐based carbohydrates accounting for the relative free energies of ring conformers, anomers, epimers, hydroxymethyl rotamers, and glycosidic linkage conformers
Authors: Hansen Halvor S. , Hünenberger Philippe H. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article presents a reoptimization of the GROMOS 53A6 force field for hexopyranose‐based carbohydrates (nearly equivalent to 45A4 for pure carbohydrate systems) into a new version 56ACARBO (nearly equivalent to 53A6 for non‐carbohydrate systems). This reoptimization was found necessary to repair a number of shortcomings of the 53A6 (45A4) parameter set and to extend the scope of the force field to properties that had not been included previously into the parameterization procedure. The new 56ACARBO force field is characterized by: (i) the formulation of systematic build‐up rules for the automatic generation of force‐field topologies over a large class of compounds including (but not restricted to) unfunctionalized polyhexopyranoses with arbritrary connectivities; (ii) the systematic use of enhanced sampling methods for inclusion of experimental thermodynamic data concerning slow or unphysical processes into the parameterization procedure; and (iii) an extensive validation against available experimental data in solution and, to a limited extent, theoretical (quantum‐mechanical) data in the gas phase. At present, the 56ACARBO force field is restricted to compounds of the elements C, O, and H presenting single bonds only, no oxygen functions other than alcohol, ether, hemiacetal, or acetal, and no cyclic segments other than six‐membered rings (separated by at least one intermediate atom). After calibration, this force field is shown to reproduce well the relative free energies of ring conformers, anomers, epimers, hydroxymethyl rotamers, and glycosidic linkage conformers. As a result, the 56ACARBO force field should be suitable for: (i) the characterization of the dynamics of pyranose ring conformational transitions (in simulations on the microsecond timescale); (ii) the investigation of systems where alternative ring conformations become significantly populated; (iii) the investigation of anomerization or epimerization in terms of free‐energy differences; and (iv) the design of simulation approaches accelerating the anomerization process along an unphysical pathway. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
TRPM8 in mouse sperm detects temperature changes and may influence the acrosome reaction
Authors: Martínez‐López Pablo , Treviño Claudia L. , de la Vega‐Beltrán José Luis , De Blas Gerardo , Monroy Esteban , Beltrán Carmen , Orta Gerardo , Gibbs Gerard M. , O'Bryan Moira K. , Darszon Alberto 
Published: November 2010

AbstractChanges in the concentration of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) trigger and/or regulate principal sperm functions during fertilization, such as motility, capacitation, and the acrosome reaction (AR). Members of the large TRP channel family participate in a variety of Ca2+‐dependent cell signaling processes. The eight TRPM channel members constitute one of the seven groups belonging to this family. Here we document using RT‐PCR experiments the presence of Trpm2, 4, 7, and 8 in mouse spermatogenic cells. Trpm8 transcription is up‐regulated after day 30. The localization of TRPM8 protein in mouse sperm was confirmed by immunocytochemistry and Western blots. Patch clamp recordings in testicular mouse sperm revealed TRPM8 agonist (menthol and icilin) activated currents sensitive to TRPM8 inhibitors N‐(4‐t‐Butylphenyl)‐4‐(3‐Chloropyridin‐2‐yl)tetrahydropyrazine‐1(2H)‐carboxamide (BCTC) and capsazepine. These findings are consistent with the presence of functional TRPM8 in mouse sperm. Furthermore, menthol induced a [Ca2+]i increase and the AR in these cells, that were inhibited by capsazepine (20 µM) and BCTC (1.6 µM). Notably, the progesterone and zona pellucida‐induced AR was significantly (>40%) inhibited by BCTC and capsazepine, suggesting the possible participation of TRPM8 channels in this reaction. TRPM family members present in sperm could be involved in other important signaling events, such as thermotaxis, chemotaxis, and mechanosensory transduction. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 1620–1631, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The number of CAG repeats within the normal allele does not influence the age of onset in Huntington's disease
Authors: Klempíř Jiří , Židovská Jana , Štochl Jan , Ing Věra Kebrdlová , Uhrová Tereza , Roth Jan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is caused by the expansion of the number of CAG repeats on the chromosome 4p16.3, which results in elongated glutamine tract of huntingtin. The purpose of this work was to examine the interaction between the normal and mutant alleles of this gene and their effect on the clinical onset of HD. We hypothesized that in patients with identical number of CAG repeats within the mutant allele, the age of onset of HD is influenced by the number of CAG repeats within the normal allele. We analyzed the relations between the number of CAG repeats within the normal and mutant alleles, the age at HD onset, and the character of initial symptoms in 468 patients with clinically expressed HD. Although the Cox regression coefficient of 0.15 was significant (P < 0.0001), the regression model explained only 28% of the variance of the age at onset related to the effect of the number of CAG repeats within normal allele. Within the groups of patients with the same number of CAG repeats of the mutant allele, number of CAG repeats of the normal allele was found uncorrelated to the age at onset. Furthermore, when analyzing subgroups of patients with the same allelic composition on both alleles, we failed to observe any correlation with the age at the onset. Our analysis gives no corroboration to the idea of a normal allele having a share in the modification of the age at HD onset. We believe that with the current state of knowledge it is not possible to devise a mathematical model for HD onset prediction because too many entirely unknown modifying factors are still involved. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Infinite elements in a poroelastodynamic FEM
Authors: Nenning M. , Schanz M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractAn infinite element is presented to treat wave propagation problems in unbounded saturated porous media. The porous media is modeled by Biot's theory. Conventional finite elements are used to model the near field, whereas infinite elements are used to represent the behavior of the far field. They are constructed in such a way that the Sommerfeld radiation condition is fulfilled, i.e. the waves decay with distance and are not reflected at infinity. To provide the wave information the infinite elements are formulated in Laplace domain. The time domain solution is obtained by using the convolution quadrature method as the inverse Laplace transformation. The temporal behavior of the near field is calculated using standard time integration schemes, e.g. the Newmark method. Finally, the near and far field are combined using a substructure technique for any time step. The accuracy as well as the necessity of the proposed infinite elements, when unbounded domains are considered, is demonstrated by different examples. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An elasto‐viscoplastic model for diatomaceous mudstone and numerical simulation of compaction bands
Authors: Oka F. , Kimoto S. , Higo Y. , Ohta H. , Sanagawa T. , Kodaka T. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIt is well known that highly porous rocks under relatively high confining pressure succumb to volumetric compression with the emergence of the so‐called compaction bands. These normally occur as perpendicular or very slightly inclined deformation bands with respect to the direction of the most compressive principal stress. An experimental study of diatomaceous mudstone, a highly structured and porous soft rock, was conducted to demonstrate the existence of compaction bands in laboratory tests. In these tests, the local strain field on the specimen's face is determined by means of image analysis. The main objective of this paper is the numerical simulation of compaction bands in diatomaceous mudstone. First, an elasto‐viscoplastic model considering microstructural degradation is used to simulate the behavior of diatomaceous mudstone at the element test level. It has been found that such a model can accurately reproduce the stress–strain and dilatancy responses of diatomaceous mudstone. Then, a numerical analysis of a series of triaxial compression tests under drained conditions was carried out using the elasto‐viscoplastic model within the framework of Biot's theory for a two‐phase mixture. As a boundary problem, the triaxial tests were analyzed via finite elements with an updated Lagrangian formulation to simulate strain localization behavior under large deformations. The present study demonstrates that it is indeed possible to successfully simulate the experimentally observed compaction bands in diatomaceous mudstone. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The dual role of HLXB9 in leukemia
Authors: Ferguson Stuart , Gautrey Hannah E. , Strathdee Gordon 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe HLXB9 gene encodes a homeodomain containing transcription factor which has been implicated in the development of both solid and hematological malignancies. In leukemia it is one of the two fused genes, along with ETV6, in a recurrent translocation frequently observed in infant AML.ProcedureHere we investigate the role of epigenetic inactivation of the HLXB9 gene in leukemia. Quantitative DNA methylation analysis was performed using the COBRA assay, and qRT‐PCR was used to assess the effects of methylation on expression in hematological cell lines and primary ALL samples.ResultsHypermethylation of the HLXB9 gene was found to be a frequent event in childhood ALL, occurring in 33% of cases. However, it was rarely or never observed in other types of leukemia, including AML, CML, and CLL, with the exception of adult ALL, in which 39% of cases were hypermethylated. Furthermore, hypermethylation of HLXB9 results in loss of expression in hematological cell lines and primary ALL samples.ConclusionThese results suggest that HLXB9 may have a dual role in childhood leukemia, as an oncogene in infant AML but as a tumor suppressor in childhood ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:349–352. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Room temperature degenerate four‐wave mixing in CuCl thin films
Authors: Ichimiya Masayoshi , Mochizuki Keita , Ashida Masaaki , Yasuda Hideki , Ishihara Hajime , Itoh Tadashi 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report observation of anomalous temperature dependences of degenerate four‐wave mixing (DFWM) spectra in CuCl thin films with high crystalline quality and thicknesses in the order of 10–100 nm. The behavior of temperature dependence can be explained by the change in the relative intensities among component spectra. The excitonic state with large radiative width can be observed at high temperatures due to the superradiance faster than the nonradiative decay process. We succeeded in observing the DFWM signal up to room temperature based on the extremely large radiative width peculiar to the size region beyond the long‐wavelength approximation regime.
Simulator‐supported descriptions of complex dynamic problems: experimental results on task performance and system understanding
Authors: Kopainsky Birgit , Sawicka Agata 
Published: November 2010

AbstractResearch shows that people have great difficulty in understanding dynamics. Even when problem descriptions contain all the necessary information, people tend to mismanage dynamic systems. Given the increasing complexity of our modern societies, effective ways to communicate dynamics need to be identified. In this paper we explore the effectiveness of simulator‐supported problem descriptions. We add an interactive simulation tool to the textual instructions of a well‐tested natural‐resource management task. With this tool, the dynamic aspects of the problem can be explored. In laboratory experiments, we find that simulator‐supported problem presentations improve both the subjects' performance and their understanding. The analysis of mental effort data reveals that the simulator facilitates effective cognitive processing and thus allows the subjects to acquire more adequate mental representations of the task. Building on these results, we derive implications for the design of interactive learning environments and for the more general presentation of complex dynamic problems. Copyright © 2010 System Dynamics Society.