bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Union strategies in conflict: A comparative study of strike fund institutionalisation and infrastructural resources
Authors: Messina Ignacio , Las Heras Jon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article unveils the establishment or rejection of strike funds as a tangible organisational tool towards union renewal. Despite strike funds being a necessary and recurring instrument in the organisation of strikes, they have seldom been theorised as a distinct (infrastructural) power resource fundamental to understanding unions’ readiness and preparation for industrial conflict. Institutionalised strike funds, supported by union dues, provide economic support to strikers, reinforce their collective identity, legitimise a more confrontational position towards collective bargaining and may garner support from the broader community. Additionally, strike funds may serve as tools to attract members and shape narratives that can influence corporate positions and public opinion during labour disputes. Through a comparative analysis of 10 confederal unions in Spain, we illustrate the different strategic views that unions may hold with respect to them. Crucially, we find that the presence or absence of strike funds reflects the specific political position a union adopts concerning industrial conflict and how they may possibly articulate them with other power resources. Hence, the institutionalisation of strike funds involves a complex union renewal process, which is also influenced by a comparative learning process between unions. Finally, we also explain the flourishing of different strike funds during the last decades that derive from a spillover effect between counterpower and radical unions.
Circadian time‐dependent effects of experimental colitis on theophylline disposition and toxicity
Authors: Yang Yi , Wu Pengcheng , Guo Juntao , Pan Zhixi , Lin Shubin , Zeng Wanying , Wang Cunchuan , Dong Zhiyong , Wang Shuai 
Published: June 2024

Background and purposeDrug disposition undergoes significant alteration in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet circadian time‐dependency of these changes remains largely unexplored. In this study, we aimed to determine the temporal effects of experimental colitis on drug disposition and toxicity.Experimental ApproachRNA‐sequencing was used to screen genes relevant to colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate in mice. Liver microsomes and pharmacokinetic analysis were used to analyze the activity of key enzymes. Dual luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were employed to elucidate regulatory mechanisms.Key ResultsRNA sequencing analysis revealed that colitis markedly influenced expression of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Specifically, a substantial down‐regulation of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 was observed in livers of mice with colitis at Zeitgeber Time 8 (ZT8), with no significant changes detected at ZT20. At ZT8, the altered expression corresponded to diminished metabolism and enhanced incidence of hepato‐cardiac toxicity of theophylline, a substrate specifically metabolized by these enzymes. A combination of assays, integrating liver‐specific Bmal1 knockout and targeted activation of BMAL1 showed that dysregulation in CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 during colitis was attributable to perturbed BMAL1 functionality. Luciferase reporter and ChIP assays collectively substantiated the role of BMAL1 in regulating Cyp1a2 and Cyp2e1 transcription through its binding affinity to E‐box‐like sites.Conclusion and implicationOur findings establish a strong link between colitis and chronopharmacology, shedding light on how IBD affects drug disposition and toxicity over time. This research provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing drug dosage in patients with IBD.
The effects of nurse practitioner scope of practice laws on diabetic health care costs
Authors: Wallace Alexandra , Bhai Moiz , Hughes Danny R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractType 2 Diabetes mellitus patients require regular monitoring and preventive care from healthcare professionals to avoid costly and potentially life‐threatening complications. One approach for expanding access to primary care for diabetic patients is to change scope of practice laws for nurse practitioners to allow full practice authority (FPA). We find that state‐level implementation of FPA reduces total health care costs for diabetics by approximately 20% in urban areas and reduces rural usage of advanced medical services for diabetics by about 10%. However, we see no effects of FPA on primary care claims, high A1c tests, or diabetic debridements.
A novel echocardiographic parameter considering left ventricular afterload during V‐A ECMO support
Authors: Sato Kei , Heinsar Silver , Chan Jonathan , Farah Samia M. , Wildi Karin , Obonyo Nchafatso G. , Liu Keibun , Ainola Carmen , Sato Noriko , Abbate Gabriella , Wilson Emily S. , Bouquet Mahé , Hyslop Kieran , Passmore Margaret R. , Ijuin Shinichi , Ro Sun Kyun , Fior Gabriele , Gandini Lucia , Lundon Brooke , Platts David G. , Suen Jacky Y. , Bassi Gianluigi Li , Fraser John F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundLeft ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) and cardiac power index (CPI) account for the haemodynamic load of the left ventricle and are promising prognostic values in cardiogenic shock. However, accurately and non‐invasively measuring these parameters during veno‐arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V‐A ECMO) is challenging and potentially biased by the extracorporeal circulation. This study aimed to investigate, in an ovine model of cardiogenic shock, whether Pressure‐Strain Product (PSP), a novel speckle‐tracking echocardiography parameter, (1) can correlate with pressure‐volume catheter‐based LVSWI and CPI, and (2) can be load‐independent during the flow modification of V‐A ECMO.MethodsNine Dorset‐cross ewes (51 ± 4 kg) were included. After cardiogenic shock was induced, full support V‐A ECMO (X L/min based on 60 mL/kg/min) commenced. At seven time points during 24‐h observation, echocardiographic parameters as well as pressure‐volume catheter‐based LVSWI and CPI were simultaneously measured with X and following X‐1 L/min of ECMO flow. PSP was calculated by multiplying global circumferential strain or global radial strain, and mean arterial pressure, for PSPcirc or PSPrad, respectively.ResultsPSPcirc showed a stronger correlation with LVSWI (correlation coefficient, CC = .360, p < .001) and CPI (CC = .283, p < .001) than other echocardiographic parameters. The predictability of PSPcirc for pressure‐volume catheter‐based LVSWI (AUC .82) and CPI (AUC .80) was also higher than other echocardiographic parameters. No statistically significant differences were identified between the two ECMO flow variations in PSPcirc (p = .558).ConclusionsA novel echocardiographic parameter, PSP, may non‐invasively predict pressure‐volume catheter‐based LVSWI and CPI in a load‐independent manner in a cardiogenic shock supported by V‐A ECMO.
A special section: Contributions of family science to anti‐racism efforts
Authors: Sterrett‐Hong Emma M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConcomitant with a growing recognition of demographic shifts toward greater racial/ethnic diversity in the United States and widespread depictions of racial injustice, desires for increased racial/ethnic tolerance and inclusivity have been expressed in various sectors of U.S. society, including education, healthcare, and business. However, the literature on effective strategies and interventions for advancing anti‐racism, or efforts to reduce racial/ethnic injustice, is minimal and underdeveloped. The family science field, characterized by rich theories on human systems and interactions, strategies for changing interpersonal dynamics, and the recognition that perceived knowledge is dependent on sociopolitical location, has much to offer the study of strategies to actualize increased racial/ethnic equity. The articles in this special section demonstrate potential contributions family science can make to the endeavor for racial/ethnic equity, through presenting theoretical, empirical, and practice innovations and findings steeped in the family science orientation toward addressing systems, cycles, and change.
Prognostic roles of dysregulated METTL3 protein expression in cancers and potential anticancer value by inhibiting METTL3 function
Authors: Zhao Rong , Chen Jiaping , Wang Yangwei , Xiao Han , Mei Peiyuan , Lin Wei , Diao Mingxin , He Shiwen , Liao Yongde , Meng Wangyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundMany studies have demonstrated the relationship between METTL3 protein expression and clinical outcomes in various cancers and elucidated the mechanism by which METTL3 disrupts the behavior of cancer cells. Here, we attempted to define the prognostic value of METTL3 protein in patients with cancer via systematic analysis and explored the potential effect of inhibiting METTL3 using its specific inhibitor.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science databases for studies that elucidated the prognostic value of METTL3 protein expression in all cancer types and then calculated the pooled hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for the overall survival (OS) of all cancer types and subgroups. Data from The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset were used to study METTL3 mRNA expression in cancers. Further, the effects of a METTL3‐specific inhibitor were studied in cancer cells via the colony formation assay, the cell proliferation assay, and apoptosis detection.ResultsMeta‐analysis of the 33 cohorts in 32 studies (3666 patients in total) revealed that higher METTL3 protein expression indicated poor OS in the majority of cancers. Bioinformatics analysis of METTL3 mRNA expression and cancer prognosis did not show the extremely prominent prognostic value of METTL3 mRNA. Nevertheless, the METTL3‐specific inhibitor attenuated cell proliferation and cell cloning formation and promoted apoptosis.ConclusionsMETTL3 protein expression is associated with poor prognosis in most cancer types and could be a biomarker for OS. Further, METTL3 inhibition might be a potential treatment strategy for cancers.
Collective sustainability competences of universities as a nested institutional space
Authors: Nokkala Terhi , Lehtonen Markku , Lehtonen Anna , Trenc Josep Espluga , Mykrä Niina , Heikkinen Hannu , Lopez Ana Prades 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSustainability action at universities is complex and requires engaging multiple competences that reside on different levels outside and inside the organisation. In addition to individual competences, social communities also possess collective resources and characteristics that do not translate into a sum of individual abilities. Based on a qualitative small‐n comparative study of four universities in Spain, Portugal, Finland and Romania, this paper explores the concept of collective sustainability competences as enablers and constraints of sustainability action at universities. Drawing from institutional theory and nestedness in organisations, the article poses the following research question: How can the collective sustainability competences of universities be conceptualised? The article develops a conceptual understanding of regulative, normative and cultural‐cognitive elements of collective sustainability competences as a nested institutional space. In so doing, the article contributes to the discussion on the capacity of universities to act as key organisations in sustainability transitions.
The Significance of Art Education for the Post‐Anthropocene: Non‐Philosophy in a Newer Key
Authors: jagodzinski jan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis essay is a plea to art educators in what is a global climate in a permacrisis both politically and physically. This is a deliberate and persuasive provocation to reorientate art education to avoid a reiteration that is taking place when the 20th and 21st centuries are compared in relation to the striking changes that are taking place in relation to a qualitative shift in technologies and the phase change of the earth. I develop this provocation by first developing the relations between art, science and philosophy of the 20th century, and art educations roll in this. I then turn to the 21st century to develop art, science and philosophy as they relate to the problematic developed by Peter Weibel and Bruno Latour in four significant exhibitions held at the KMZ. From there, I turn to anchor my theoretical support as to why Deleuze and Guattari particular expression of non‐philosophy is of key import to make this plea stick in relation to both digital mediation and the post‐Anthropocene.
Sex differences in attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis and clinical care: a national study of population healthcare records in Wales
Authors: Martin Joanna , Langley Kate , Cooper Miriam , Rouquette Olivier Y. , John Ann , Sayal Kapil , Ford Tamsin , Thapar Anita 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundPopulation‐based studies have observed sex biases in the diagnosis and treatment of attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Females are less likely to be diagnosed or prescribed ADHD medication. This study uses national healthcare records, to investigate sex differences in diagnosis and clinical care in young people with ADHD, particularly regarding recognition and treatment of other mental health conditions.MethodsThe cohort included individuals diagnosed with ADHD, born between 1989 and 2013 and living in Wales between 2000 and 2019. Routine primary and secondary healthcare record data were used to derive diagnoses of ADHD and other neurodevelopmental and mental health conditions, as well as ADHD and antidepressant medications. Demographic variables included ethnicity, socioeconomic deprivation and contact with social services.ResultsThere were 16,458 individuals diagnosed with ADHD (20.3% females, ages 3–30 years), with a male‐to‐female ratio of 3.9:1. Higher ratios (4.8:1) were seen in individuals diagnosed younger (<12 years), with the lowest ratio (1.9:1) in those diagnosed as adults (>18). Males were younger at first recorded ADHD diagnosis (mean = 10.9 vs. 12.6 years), more likely to be prescribed ADHD medication and younger at diagnosis of co‐occurring neurodevelopmental conditions. In contrast, females were more likely to receive a diagnosis of anxiety, depression or another mental health condition and to be prescribed antidepressant medications, prior to ADHD diagnosis. These sex differences were largely stable across demographic groups.ConclusionsThis study adds to the evidence base that females with ADHD are experiencing later recognition and treatment of ADHD. The results indicate that this may be partly because of diagnostic overshadowing from other mental health conditions, such as anxiety and depression, or initial misdiagnosis. Further research and dissemination of findings to the public are needed to improve awareness, timely diagnosis and treatment of ADHD in females.
Radiotherapy and prognostic factors in adnexal carcinomas: A retrospective study of 657 patients from the French CARADERM network
Authors: Zagala Robin , Dalle Stephane , Beylot‐Barry Marie , Meyer Nicolas , Saiag Philippe , Kramkimel Nora , Lebbe Celeste , Zehou Ouidad , Amini‐Adle Mona , Grob Jean‐Jacques , Arnault Jean‐Philippe , Maubec Eve , Granel‐Brocard Florence , Cribier Bernard , Quereux Gaelle , Brunet‐Possenti Florence , Dalac Sophie , Dereure Olivier , Drumez Elodie , Mortier Laurent , Battistella Maxime , Jouary Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous adnexal carcinomas are a heterogeneous group of rare neoplasms. Surgical excision is the first‐line treatment in localized stage. The use and effectiveness of radiotherapy have not been thoroughly evaluated in these neoplasms.ObjectivesThe present work analyses prognostic factors on outcomes in skin adnexal carcinomas, based on data from the CARADERM (CAncers RAres DERMatologiques) database.MethodsData were collected retrospectively including demographic data, tumour types and therapeutic characteristics of all patients included in the CARADERM database, with at least one informative follow‐up visit. Analyses were performed on three populations: patients with complete resection of the primary tumour (ADJ/primary population), patients achieving complete remission after complete resection of a recurrent tumour (ADJ/recurrent population) and patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic tumours (ADV/MET population). Overall and recurrence/progression‐free survivals at 3‐year were analysed using Cox regression models.ResultsRadiotherapy did not affect overall survival (OS) in the ADJ/primary population. Adjusted recurrence‐free survival (RFS) was significantly lower in the radiotherapy group in ADJ/primary group. Older patients had significantly poorer OS and RFS. Tumour size and immunosuppression were significantly associated with poorer RFS only. Radiotherapy had no effect on OS and RFS in the ADJ/recurrent population. Age was the only factor associated with a poorer OS. Radiotherapy was significantly associated with longer progression‐free survival (PFS) in age‐sex adjusted analysis in the ADV/MET population, without effect on OS.ConclusionsOur study shows that age, tumour size and immunosuppression are significantly associated with survival in localized adnexal carcinomas. Radiotherapy may improve PFS in the ADV/MET population but not in localized and recurrent carcinomas after complete excision.
Kodo millet: Technological impact and nutritional benefits for value‐addition in food products
Authors: Shikha Deep , Kumar Yogesh , Sharanagat Vijay Singh , Saxena D. C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMillets are small‐seeded annual crops grown as cereal grains. They are known for their nutritional benefits and their role in preventing health problems. These grains are classified into major and minor millets. Kodo millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum), one of the minor millets, originated from Africa as a drought‐resistant crop and was domesticated in India in 3000 BC. It is grown in various states of India and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The Kodo seed is rich in phytochemical compounds and dietary fibers with remarkable storage properties. It can be stored for extended periods under normal storage conditions and is found as a famine crop, which means it can be used as an alternative to major cereals. Kodo millet is a rich source of phenolic compounds known for their antioxidant properties. It also contains antinutritional factors that can limit its use, but these can be reduced by proper processing methods to enhance its food applications. Different traditional methods, such as milling, decortication, roasting, germination, and fermentation, along with novel techniques such as microwave, cold plasma and ultrasound treatment significantly impact the value addition of Kodo millet and the development of various food products. Therefore, this review provides valuable information on the nutritional profile, processing methods, and food applications of Kodo millet.
Are Bergmann's and Jordan's rules valid for a neotropical pitviper?
Authors: Servino L. M. , Ferrarini J. M. G. , Nogueira C. d. C. , Barbo F. E. , Sawaya R. J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMorphological variation along the spatial distribution of species has been extensively investigated in ecological studies, and several ecogeographical rules explore the relationships between morphological traits and the environment. Many morphological traits are correlated, providing an opportunity to evaluate the validity of multiple ecogeographical rules simultaneously. Bergmann's rule predicts that endothermic animals in colder locations are larger than those in warmer locations. Jordan's rule predicts that fish from colder locations have more vertebrae than those from warmer locations. We tested the validity of Bergmann's and Jordan's rules for the neotropical lancehead snake Bothrops jararaca. We evaluated three morphological characters of 342 specimens: number of ventral scales (proxy for vertebrae number), snout–vent length (a linear measure of body size) and stoutness (volumetric body size). We implemented spatial regressions to evaluate the variation of morphological dimensions using climatic predictors: the minimum temperature and evapotranspiration. SVL was poorly related to minimum temperature and evapotranspiration. However, stouter individuals were found in colder places with greater evapotranspiration, following Bergmann's rule and the water conservation hypothesis. Individuals in warmer locations also had a greater number of ventral scales, reversing Jordan's rule. We showed that different selective pressures act on different morphological dimensions. Although stoutness follows Bergmann's rule, its variation would arise from an energy storage demand rather than heat conservation. Also, stoutness variation along evapotranspiration gradients could represent a mechanism to avoid hydric stress in environments with considerable climatic variations. The variation in vertebrae number along temperature gradients could be related to ecological factors and foraging. We highlight that physioecological mechanisms to deal with climatic variation and ecological aspects could be identified in snakes through intraspecific analyses, contrasting with interspecific studies that can hardly detect general trends. Due to different environmental effects on body size, we shed new light on the importance of exploring multiple morphological dimensions in macroecological studies.
The MdNAC72‐MdABI5 module acts as an interface integrating jasmonic acid and gibberellin signals and undergoes ubiquitination‐dependent degradation regulated by MdSINA2 in apple
Authors: Li Hong‐Liang , Xu Rui‐Rui , Guo Xin‐Long , Liu Ya‐Jing , You Chun‐Xiang , Han Yuepeng , An Jian‐Ping 
Published: June 2024

Summary

Jasmonic acid (JA) and gibberellin (GA) coordinately regulate plant developmental programs and environmental cue responses. However, the fine regulatory network of the cross‐interaction between JA and GA remains largely elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that MdNAC72 together with MdABI5 positively regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis through an exquisite MdNAC72‐MdABI5‐MdbHLH3 transcriptional cascade in apple.

MdNAC72 interacts with MdABI5 to promote the transcriptional activation of MdABI5 on its target gene MdbHLH3 and directly activates the transcription of MdABI5.

The MdNAC72‐MdABI5 module regulates the integration of JA and GA signals in anthocyanin biosynthesis by combining with JA repressor MdJAZ2 and GA repressor MdRGL2a. MdJAZ2 disrupts the MdNAC72–MdABI5 interaction and attenuates the transcriptional activation of MdABI5 by MdNAC72. MdRGL2a sequesters MdJAZ2 from the MdJAZ2‐MdNAC72 protein complex, leading to the release of MdNAC72.

The E3 ubiquitin ligase MdSINA2 is responsive to JA and GA signals and promotes ubiquitination‐dependent degradation of MdNAC72. The MdNAC72‐MdABI5 interface fine‐regulates the integration of JA and GA signals at the transcriptional and posttranslational levels by combining MdJAZ2, MdRGL2a, and MdSINA2. In summary, our findings elucidate the fine regulatory network connecting JA and GA signals with MdNAC72‐MdABI5 as the core in apple.
Improving transient protein expression in agroinfiltrated Nicotiana benthamiana
Authors: Beritza Konstantina , Watts Emma C. , van der Hoorn Renier A. L. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryAgroinfiltration of Nicotiana benthamiana is routinely used in plant science and molecular pharming to transiently express proteins of interest. Here, we discuss four phenomena that should be avoided to improve transient expression. Immune responses can be avoided by depleting immune receptors and employing pathogen‐derived effectors; transcript degradation by using silencing inhibitors or RNA interference machinery mutants; endoplasmic reticulum stress by co‐expressing chaperones; and protein degradation can be avoided with subcellular targeting, protease mutants and co‐expressing protease inhibitors. We summarise the reported increased yields for various recombinant proteins achieved with these approaches and highlight remaining challenges to further improve the efficiency of this versatile protein expression platform.