bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of early‐ and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease in Korean cohorts
Authors: Han Sang‐Won , Hwang Jiyun , Park Tamina , Pyun Jung‐Min , Lee Joo‐Yeon , Park Jeong Su , Bice Paula J. , Liu Shiwei , Yun Sunmin , Jeong Jibin , Risacher Shannon L. , Saykin Andrew J. , Byun Min Soo , Yi Dahyun , Sung Joohon , Lee Dong Young , Kim SangYun , Nho Kwangsik , Park Young Ho 
Published: February 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe molecular mechanisms underlying early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) remain incompletely understood, particularly in Asian populations.METHODSRNA‐sequencing was carried out on blood samples from 248 participants in the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital cohort to perform differential gene expression (DGE) and weighted gene co‐expression network analysis. Findings were replicated in an independent Korean cohort (N = 275).RESULTSDGE analysis identified 18 and 88 dysregulated genes in EOAD and LOAD, respectively. Network analysis identified a LOAD‐associated module showing a significant enrichment in pathways related to mitophagy, 5′ adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase signaling, and ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis. In the replication cohort, downregulation of SMOX and PLVAP in LOAD was replicated, and the LOAD‐associated module was highly preserved. In addition, SMOX and PLVAP were associated with brain amyloid beta deposition.DISCUSSIONOur findings suggest distinct molecular signatures for EOAD and LOAD in a Korean population, providing deeper understanding of their diagnostic potential and molecular mechanisms.Highlights
Analysis identified 18 and 88 dysregulated genes in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), respectively.
Expression levels of SMOX and PLVAP were downregulated in LOAD.
Expression levels of SMOX and PLVAP were associated with brain amyloid beta deposition.
Pathways including mitophagy and 5′ adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase signaling were enriched in a LOAD module.
A LOAD module was highly preserved across two independent cohorts.
Engineering Two‐Dimensional Nanomaterials for Photothermal Therapy
Authors: Zhang Haoyuan , Yang Min , Wu Qingyuan , Xue Jiajia , Liu Huiyu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTwo‐dimensional (2D) nanomaterials offer a transformative platform for photothermal therapy (PTT) due to their unique physicochemical properties and exceptional photothermal conversion efficiencies. This Minireview summarizes the photothermal mechanisms of common 2D nanomaterials and details their synthesis, surface modification, and optimization strategies. Recent advances leveraging 2D nanomaterials for enhanced PTT are highlighted, with particular emphasis on synergistic therapeutic modalities. Despite the significant potential of 2D nanomaterials in PTT, challenges persist, including scalable and reproducible manufacturing, precise targeted delivery, understanding of the underlying biological interactions, and comprehensive assessment of long‐term biocompatibility and toxicity. Looking forward, emerging technologies such as machine learning are expected to play a crucial role in accelerating the design and optimization of 2D nanomaterials for PTT, enabling the prediction of optimal structures, properties, and therapeutic efficacy, and ultimately paving the way for personalized nanomedicine.
Highly Entangled Hydrogels by Photoiniferter‐Mediated Polymerization
Authors: Irvine Gavin , Myronidis Konstantinos , Pinto Fulvio , Kopeć Maciej 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe report the synthesis of ultra‐high molecular weight (UHMW) poly(N,N‐dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAm) hydrogels with extremely low crosslinking densities by trithiocarbonate photoiniferter‐mediated reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP). Fixing the photoiniferter to crosslinker ratio and gradually increasing the targeted degree of polymerization (DPtarget) allowed for simultaneous control over the crosslinking density and the average molecular weight (Mn) of the primary chains, both below and above the critical molecular weight of entanglement (Mc). Interestingly, a plateau in storage moduli (G’) was observed for UHMW PDMAm hydrogels with a sufficiently high DPtarget (>5,000), indicating a transition to the entanglement‐dominated regime, with no contribution from crosslinks to the overall modulus, thus indicating the formation of highly entangled hydrogels. These hydrogels exhibit enhanced properties such as high toughness and resistance to swelling despite their vanishingly small crosslinking densities. Furthermore, even when equipped with cleavable crosslinkers, the UHMW PDMAm hydrogels resist degradation due to dense entanglements which act as transient crosslinks preventing the gels from swelling, while sparse covalent crosslinks help to maintain their structural integrity and avoid chain disentanglement. This approach allows simple synthesis of elastic and tough hydrogels with a well‐defined structure and tuneable contributions from both crosslinks and entanglements.
Design, Preparation, Physicochemical Characterization, and DFT Calculations of Some Novel Complexes Based on Bi‐Dentate Imine Ligand: Biomedical Applications and Molecular Docking Approach
Authors: Abdel‐Rahman Laila H. , Al‐Farhan Badriah Saad , Nafady Ayman , Omar Inam , Aljohani Faizah S. , Shehata Mohamed R. , Kassem Ahmed M. , Abu‐Dief Ahmed M. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe complexes of Pd (II), VO (II), Cu (II), and Ni (II) with Schiff base (ABDS) derived from 2‐aminobenzothiazole with 4‐(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde have been prepared. Various spectroscopic methodologies for analysis, which might include 1H, 13C NMR, infrared spectra (IR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), and magnetic values, have been applied to elucidate the construction of these chemicals. For each complex, the most suitable form has been proposed as a result. The chemical compound behaves as a bi‐dentate via NO donors into the material ions within octahedral shape about Cu2+, octahedral geometry for Ni2+, square pyramidal for VO (II), and square planner form around the Pd2+ ion. The substances were tested against different bacterial and fungal strains. They demonstrated effective inhibition against the harmful bacteria under study and cytotoxic activity (IC50) against (HCT‐116 cell line), (HepG‐2), and (MCF‐7). The metal chelates were shown to possess more antimicrobial activity than the free Schiff base chelate. The ABDS ligand had only moderate antioxidant activity, but the combined forms of V (IV), Ni (II), Cu (II), and Pd (II) exhibit more antioxidant activity than the ligand. These findings also corroborated the hypothesis that the combinations produced have antioxidant effects against DPPH free radicals comparable with those of regular vitamin C.
Bridging the Gap: Eco‐Friendly HPLC Analysis of Metformin and Lobeglitazone Sulfate Despite Polarity and Dosage Differences
Authors: Kevat Honey , Prajapati Ayushi , Parmar Kiran , Maheriya Bhumika , Joshi Hardi , Vadalia Jigna , Thummar Kashyap 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA precise and stability‐indicating high‐performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of lobeglitazone sulfate (0.5 mg) and metformin hydrochloride (500 mg) in pharmaceutical formulations. This method effectively addresses the analytical challenge posed by the significantly different dosage strengths and contrasting polarities of lobeglitazone (water insoluble) and metformin (water soluble). Utilizing a Phenomenex Strong Cation Exchange (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 10 μm) column, the method employed a mobile phase of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 3.0) and a premix of methanol and acetonitrile (80:20), delivered at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The PDA detector was set at 251 nm to monitor eluents, and the column temperature was maintained at 30°C for optimal separation. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines, covering specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, LOD, LOQ, solution stability, and robustness. Forced degradation studies under various stress conditions (acidic, basic, oxidative, photolytic, and thermal) revealed no significant degradation products. The method was also assessed for greenness using a AGREE tool, achieving a score of 0.68, demonstrating its eco‐friendly nature. Overall, this method is suitable for the routine analysis of these drugs in pharmaceutical formulations.
Assessing Innovation, Sustainability, and Market Performance in Taiwan's Semiconductor Sector: Insights From ESG‐Driven Analysis
Authors: Lu Wen‐Min , Ting Irene Wei Kiong , Chou Chien‐Heng , Yao Sheng‐Hui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines the relationship between ESG sub‐indicators and the performance of Taiwan's semiconductor industry from 2016 to 2020. Using a combination of data envelopment analysis, truncated regression, and classification and regression trees, the research evaluates the influence of 12 ESG factors on innovation, sustainability, and market performance. The findings reveal that midstream manufacturers lead in innovation and market performance, while upstream manufacturers excel in sustainability. Corporate governance transparency emerges as the most critical factor driving overall performance, followed by employee management, product quality, and stakeholder treatment. Conversely, greenhouse gas emissions and waste management have limited impact due to high costs and regulatory challenges. The study highlights the need for firms to balance ESG strategies with performance goals, emphasizing energy management and governance as key levers for innovation and competitiveness. This research provides practical insights into optimizing ESG implementation to enhance performance across the semiconductor value chain.
A Review of the Use of Chemical Stabilisation Methods for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Williams‐Wynn Mark D. , Durski Marcin H. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing amounts of end‐of‐life lithium‐ion batteries (EOL LIBs) require novel and safe solutions allowing for the minimisation of health and environmental hazards. Arguably, the best approach to the problem of EOL LIBs is recycling and recovery of the metals contained within the cells. This allows the diversion of the EOL battery cells from the environment and the recovery of precious metals that can be reused in the manufacturing of new products, allowing the reduction of the requirements of virgin materials from the mining industry. The most significant hindrance to the recycling process of EOL LIBs is their unstable chemical nature and significant safety hazards related to opening the air‐tight casings. To minimise these issues, the end‐of‐life cells must be stabilised in one of the few available ways. This review aims at a comprehensive presentation of the studied chemical methods of EOL LIB cell discharge and stabilisation. The advantages and disadvantages of the method and its variations are discussed based on the literature published to date. The literature review found that a significant number of authors make use of chemical stabilisation techniques without proper comprehension of the associated risks. Many authors focus solely on the cheapest and fastest way to stop a cell from producing an electrical charge without extra thought given to the downstream recycling processes of safety hazards related to the proposed stabilisation method. Only a few studies highlighted the risks and problems associated with chemical stabilisation techniques.
The Alleviative Effect of Sodium Butyrate on Dexamethasone‐Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy
Authors: Zhao Xingchen , Zhu Mingqiang , Wang Zifan , Gao Ming , Long Yifei , Zhou Shuo , Wang Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSkeletal muscle mass is significantly negatively regulated by glucocorticoids. Following glucocorticoid administration, the balance between protein synthesis and breakdown in skeletal muscle is disrupted, shifting towards a predominance of catabolic metabolism. Short‐chain fatty acids like sodium butyrate have been found to regulate inflammatory reactions and successively activate signaling pathways. The preventive benefits of sodium butyrate against dexamethasone‐induced skeletal muscle atrophy and myotube atrophy models were examined in this work, and the underlying mechanism was clarified. A total of 32 6‐week‐old C57BL/6 inbred male mice were randomly assigned to one of four groups and treated with dexamethasone to induce muscle atrophy and sodium butyrate. We found that sodium succinate alleviated dexamethasone‐induced myotube atrophy in the myotube atrophy model by lowering the gene expression of two E3 ubiquitin ligases, Atrogin‐1 and MURF1, and activating the AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Pertussis toxin reversed this effect, indicating that G protein‐coupled receptors were involved in sodium butyrate's action as a mediator. Additionally, pre‐treatment with sodium butyrate lowered weight and muscle mass loss in a mouse model of skeletal muscle atrophy, dramatically decreased the MURF1 gene expression and decreased the nuclear translocation of the glucocorticoid receptor. In conclusion, this study shows that sodium butyrate inhibits the expression of atrophy genes, thus preventing the breakdown of proteins and the loss of muscle mass, while also inhibiting weight loss, in animal models.
Ion transport behaviors in MXenes for electrochemical energy storage and conversion
Authors: Fei Ling , Lei Lei , Xu Hui , Guo Xinghua , Chen Bo , Han Xu , Chen Xun , Huang Qing , Wang Degao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMXenes, an innovative class of two‐dimensional (2D) materials composed of transition‐metal carbides and/or nitrides, have garnered significant interest for their potential in energy storage and conversion applications, which is largely attributed to their modifiable surface terminations, exceptional conductivity, and favorable hydrophilic characteristics. MXenes show various ion transport behaviors in applications like electrochemical catalysis, supercapacitors, and batteries, encompassing processes like electrostatic adsorption of surface ions, redox reactions of ions, and interlayer ion shuttle. This review aims to present a summary of advancements in the comprehension of ion transport behaviors of Ti3C2Tx MXenes. First, the composition, properties, and synthesis techniques of MXenes are concisely summarized. Subsequently, the discussion delves into the mechanisms of ion transport in MXenes during CO2 reduction, water splitting, supercapacitor operation, and battery performance, elucidating the factors determining the electrochemical behaviors and efficacy. Furthermore, a compilation of strategies used to optimize ion transport behaviors in MXenes is presented. The article concludes by presenting the challenges and opportunities for these fields to facilitate the continued progress of MXenes in energy‐related technologies.
Narrow Bandgap Perovskite Enabled by Heterovalent Co‐Doping for Visible‐NIR Light Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Xue Kuan , Yi Pang Jing , Peng Yu , Hui Xia Zhu , Yuan Sui Xin , Liu Da , Zhu Yan , Wang Xing , Lu Wang Xue , Gui Yang Hua , Hou Yu , Yang Shuang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractMetal halide perovskites have garnered significant attention due to their vast potential in various optoelectronic applications. While their tunable bandgap properties allow for light absorption across the ultraviolet and much of the visible spectrum, the coverage in the near‐infrared (NIR) region remains limited. Here, we demonstrate a heterovalent co‐doping method for synthesizing Ag and Bi doped CsSnBr3 crystals with absorption edge up to 1300 nm, making it one of the narrowest bandgap perovskite materials. The incorporation of trivalent Bi (p) orbitals is responsible for the band narrowing, while the monovalent Ag stabilizes the entire perovskite lattice. Taking advantage of the new energy states within the bandgap, the absorption edge of the co‐dopants is extended to NIR region, so they can efficiently utilize sunlight. Moreover, the co‐dopants exhibit significantly better antioxidation capability than the pristine CsSnBr3. When applied to CO2 photoreduction, the co‐dopants achieved highly selective CO production performance, with an apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 7.56 % at 700 nm, representing a 94 % improvement over CsSnBr3. Overall, this study provides effective strategies for optimizing tin‐based perovskites and holds significant implications for future research in enhancing stability, reducing toxicity, and optimizing optoelectronic performance.
Chirooptical 2,2′‐Dimethoxybiphenyl Crystals Generated From Suzuki–Miyaura Coupling Reaction Catalyzed by Pd‐Loaded Chiral Silica
Authors: Yoshimori Shunpei , Jin Ren‐Hua 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this work, we report a one‐pot approach that combines crystal ripening with the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reaction. We investigated the reaction between 2‐methoxyphenyl bromide and 2‐methoxyphenylboronic acid, catalyzed by a series of Pd‐loaded chiral optical (D‐ or L‐) and racemic (DL‐) silica/polyethyleneimine (PEI) systems, which produced crystalline 2,2′‐dimethoxybiphenyl (DMB). The silica used as a catalyst was prepared using our previously established method, in which chirality was imparted to the silica through catalytic templates composed of polyethyleneimine (PEI) and tartaric acid. Both enantiopure (D‐ or L‐; 100% ee) and racemic (DL‐; 0% ee) tartaric acid‐mediated silica, after tartaric acid removal and palladium (Pd) loading, exhibited similar catalytic activities, leading to the quantitative precipitation of 2,2′‐dimethoxybiphenyl in a water/ethanol (1:1 by volume) medium. Interestingly, the 2,2′‐dimethoxybiphenyl crystals formed and ripened in the presence of Pd‐loaded chiral D‐ and L‐silica/PEI exhibited octahedral morphology and displayed remarkable chiroptical activity with a mirror‐image relationship. This represents a novel example of using chiral Pd‐loaded silica to synthesize axially chiral biphenyl in crystalline form.
HiDaFernPT: Historical data of spore availability for 121 fern and lycopod taxa in Portugal (1926–2013)
Authors: Timóteo Sérgio , Heleno Ruben , Covelo Filipe , Santos Joaquim , Lopes Pedro , Gouveia António C. , Matos Arménio , Salgado Agostinho , Girão da Cruz M. Teresa , Farminhão João , Horta Marta , Barreto Guilherme , Marques Ana V. , Craveiro Leonardo , Pinto Patrícia , Santos Matilde , Nunes Bárbara , Barreiro Margarida , Dias André , Rodrigues Gabriel , Esteves Leonor , Wanderley Marina , Santos Inês , Artiaga José Pedro , Veríssimo João , Vilhena Inês , Moniz Lucas , Leão Arthur , Couras Marta , Mendes Sara Beatriz , Nereu Mauro , Dias da Silva Ana Margarida , Sales Fátima , Gonçalves M. Teresa , Coutinho António , Freitas Helena , Silva Joaquim S. , Ramos Jaime , Marchante Elizabete , Costa José M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSpecies phenology is being altered by ongoing climate changes with yet underappreciated consequences for ecological processes and ecosystem stability. Contrary to what happens with some key life events of flowering plants, comparatively little information exists about fern and lycophyte phenology and how it is affected by the current climatic changes. In part, this stems from the lack of long‐term datasets. Here we provide information on the collection day and site of the spores of 121 native and introduced fern (Polypodiopsida) and lycopod (Lycopodiopsida) taxa for the Index Seminum of the Botanic Garden of the University of Coimbra. Spores were collected from spontaneous and cultivated individuals across Portugal between 1926 and 2013. The database includes 3383 curated records with information on the species, or infraspecific taxa (including authority), and are fully georeferenced and provided with a confidence interval for the collection site. Taxonomy was first curated manually by in‐house botanists and then harmonized according to the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) backbone taxonomy. The data are released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC‐BY‐NC 4.0) license.
Porous Organic Cages with Aggregation‐Induced Emission Property for Anti‐counterfeiting Ink Bioimaging
Authors: Yang Anli , Guo Yifan , Zhang Yanji , Yang Zhuolin , Go Yuyo , Wu Di , Ma Chunzheng , Shi Linlin , Li Bingjie 
Published: February 2025

The application of aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) materials in biological imaging holds multiple significances, including improving detection sensitivity and specificity, optimizing the imaging process, expanding the scope of application, and promoting advancements in biomedical research. In this work, the propeller ligand was constructed through McMurry coupling reaction and Suzuki coupling reaction by using dimethoxybenzophenone as the starting material. Then, an imine condensation reaction was carried out in chloroform solution, using a 3:2 molar ratio of precursor to tri(2‐aminoethyl) amine to synthesize C3 symmetric porous organic cage CB. The structures of the compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). The optical investigation results reveal that ligand L–B and the porous organic cage CB demonstrate remarkable aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) properties in a tetrahydrofuran/water mixed solvent system, along with a pronounced response to tetrahydrofuran vapor stimuli. Consequently, Furthermore, given its unique cage‐like structure, high quantum yield, and outstanding AIE behavior, the porous organic cage CB holds promise for applications in cell imaging.