bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An illustrated key and (palaeo)ecological primer for Postglacial to Recent Ostracoda (Crustacea) of the Baltic Sea
Authors: FRENZEL PETER , KEYSER DIETMAR , VIEHBERG FINN ANDREAS 
Published: January 2010

Frenzel, P., Keyser, D. & Viehberg, F.A. 2010: An illustrated key and (pala6e6o)ecological primer for Postglacial to Recent Ostracoda (Crustacea) of the Baltic Sea. Boreas, Vol. 39, pp. 567–575. 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00135.x. ISSN 0300‐9483This synopsis of Baltic Sea brackish water Ostracoda gives an overview of all known Recent species for the first time. It also includes Holocene taxa now extinct in the area. There are 131 species, two of which are recorded only from Yoldia stage (Preboreal) sediments. The illustrated key is based exclusively on valve morphology, providing a taxonomical base for geoscience and biological studies using ostracods from the Baltic Sea area. A list of ecological tolerances and preferences as well as the latitudinal distribution of all species is intended as a reference for palaeoenvironmental analyses. Salinity, temperature and oxygen tolerance values as well as preferences for latitudinal distribution, water depth and energy, habitat and substrate are given. The data are based on quantitative sampling in the southern, central and western Baltic Sea and on information gained from literature.
Extent, age and dynamics of Marine Isotope Stage 3 glaciations in the southwestern Baltic Basin
Authors: HOUMARK‐NIELSEN MICHAEL 
Published: January 2010

Houmark‐Nielsen, M. 2010: Extent, age and dynamics of Marine Isotope Stage 3 glaciations in the southwestern Baltic Basin. Boreas, 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00136.x. ISSN 0300‐9483The southwestern Baltic region is known as a major crossroad for the expansion of Pleistocene glaciers from the Scandinavian Ice Sheet (SIS). At the peak of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 25–20 kyr BP), steady‐flowing inter‐stream glaciers expanded radially from the major ice divide over central Scandinavia. During the subsequent deglaciation phase (20–15 kyr BP), streaming ice was flowing through the Baltic gateway onto the North European lowland. The lithology and directional ice‐flow properties of pre‐LGM till formations of Baltic provenance in Denmark (the Ristinge till and Klintholm till) suggest that the ice‐sheet dynamics during the Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 glacier expansion were similar to those for the post‐LGM advances. Increasing geological evidence indicates that glaciers extended onto the Circum‐Baltic lowlands during MIS 3. Reconstructions of flow paths and estimates of the basal ice‐sheet coupling in Denmark suggest that southward flow of the SIS through the Baltic was probably the result of ice streaming. Despite methodological uncertainties, available OSL and 14C dates indicate that glaciers advanced at least twice during the mild second half of the Middle Weichselian (c. 75–25 kyr BP), most probably in connection with Dansgaard‐Oeschger (D‐O) events 14–13 (54–46 kyr BP) and 8–5 (35–30 kyr BP). The chronology and dynamics of glacier expansion in the southwestern Baltic in response to long‐term cooling trends, the contemporary presence of a low Arctic biota in large parts of Scandinavia and of possible leads or lags in relation to North Atlantic climate changes during MIS 3 are discussed.
Subglacial bed conditions during Late Pleistocene glaciations and their impact on ice dynamics in the southern North Sea
Authors: PASSCHIER SANDRA , LABAN CEES , MESDAG CHRIS S. , RIJSDIJK KENNETH F. 
Published: January 2010

Passchier, S., Laban, C., Mesdag, C.S. & Rijsdijk, K.F. 2010: Subglacial bed conditions during Late Pleistocene glaciations and their impact on ice dynamics in the southern North Sea. Boreas, Vol. 39, pp. 633–647. 10.1111/j.1502‐3885.2009.00138.x. ISSN 0300‐9483.Changes in subglacial bed conditions through multiple glaciations and their effect on ice dynamics are addressed through an analysis of glacigenic sequences in the Upper Pleistocene stratigraphy of the southern North Sea basin. During Elsterian (MIS 12) ice growth, till deposition was subdued when ice became stagnant over a permeable substrate of fluvial sediments, and meltwater infiltrated into the bed. Headward erosion during glacial retreat produced a dense network of glacial valleys up to several hundreds of metres deep. A Saalian (MIS 6) glacial advance phase resulted in the deposition of a sheet of stiff sandy tills and terminal moraines. Meltwater was at least partially evacuated through the till layer, resulting in the development of a rigid bed. During the later part of the Saalian glaciation, ice‐stream inception can be related to the development of a glacial lake to the north and west of the study area. The presence of meltwater channels incised into the floors of glacial troughs is indicative of high subglacial water pressures, which may have played a role in the onset of ice streaming. We speculate that streaming ice flow in the later part of the Saalian glaciation caused the relatively early deglaciation, as recorded in the Amsterdam Terminal borehole. These results suggest that changing subglacial bed conditions through glacial cycles could have a strong impact on ice dynamics and require consideration in ice‐sheet reconstructions.
Effects of integrating companion cropping and nitrogen application on the performance and infestation of collards by Brevicoryne brassicae
Authors: Mutiga Samuel K. , Gohole Linnet S. , Auma Elmada O. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSustainable management of cabbage aphids, Brevicoryne brassicae (L.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a major goal for collard, Brassica oleracea (L.) var. acephala (Brassicaceae), growers globally. Host finding ability of insect pests is significantly affected by diversified cropping systems, and this approach is being utilized currently as a pest management tool. Soil nutrition and its interaction with the cropping systems could have a significant effect on the general performance of collards and the infestation by cabbage aphids. In a search for a sustainable cabbage aphid control, a two‐season field experiment was carried out with two intercrops, collards and chilli, Capsicum frutescens (L.) (Solanaceae), and collards and spring onions, Allium cepa (L.) (Alliaceae), and a collard monoculture. For each of the cropping systems, nitrogen (N) was applied to the soil as a top‐dress at 20, 25, 30, and 35 g per collard plant. The response factors monitored were collard yield (fresh weight) and aphid infestation on collards. Spring onion‐collard intercrop had the lowest aphid density and the highest yield. Collard monoculture had the highest aphid infestation and the lowest yield. High levels of N led to increased infestation of collards by aphids, but also led to a significant increase in the yield of collards. Significant interactions between the N rates and the cropping systems were observed on some sampling dates, with the highest yield being realized under a combination of spring onion‐collard intercrop at a N rate of 30 g per plant. High aphid density led to a decrease in the yield of collards. It was concluded that with a spring onion‐collard intercrop, the soil N level could be raised from the blanket rate of 20–30 g per plant and this would lead to an increase in yield.
Detection of ecological hybrid inviability in a pair of sympatric phytophagous ladybird beetles (Henosepilachnaspp.)
Authors: Kuwajima Masakazu , Kobayashi Norio , Katoh Toru , Katakura Haruo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractEcological speciation is a process by which reproductive isolation evolves as the result of divergent natural selection between populations inhabiting distinct environments or exploiting alternative resources. Ecological hybrid inviability provides direct evidence for ecological speciation. To detect ecological hybrid inviability, we examined survival rates to the second instar of F1 hybrids and backcross hybrids in a pair of sympatric phytophagous ladybird beetles,Henosepilachna niponicaLewis andHenosepilachna yasutomiiKatakura (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachninae), reared on their respective host plants, thistle [Cirsium alpicolaNakai (Asteraceae)] and blue cohosh [Caulophyllum robustumMaxim. (Berberidaceae)], and on a common food plant, Japanese nightshade [Solanum japonenseNakai (Solanaceae)]. Hybrid larvae reared on leaves of the Japanese nightshade always had high rates of survival, irrespective of the crossing type of their parents, suggesting a lack of intrinsic hybrid inviability between the two species. In contrast, survival rates on thistle and blue cohosh varied greatly. On blue cohosh, the survival rate of F1 hybrids was nearly as high as that ofH. yasutomii, but on thistle, survival was significantly lower than ofH. niponica. Survival rates of backcross hybrids on the two host plants were intermediate between those of the parents, showing a reversed rank order of different types of backcross hybrids on the two food plant species. These results suggest that ecological hybrid inviability exists betweenH. niponicaandH. yasutomii, although the two species do not show intrinsic hybrid inviability. Thus, our study supports the hypothesis thatH. niponicaandH. yasutomiiunderwent ecological speciation by divergent selection.
Assessment of effects of Bt‐oilseed rape on large white butterfly (Pieris brassicae) in natural habitats
Authors: Kjær C. , Damgaard C. , Lauritzen A. J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMuch effort has been allocated to the definition of risk, relevant for the assessment of genetically modified plants. However, few studies have emphasised the limitations in testing methods. In this study, tests for and effects on non‐target herbivores were exemplified and evaluated for Pieris brassicae (L.) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) and a genetically modified Brassica napus L. (Brassicaceae) expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)‐toxin Cry1Ac. It was established that this herbivore recognises and accepts the transgenic plant as a host. It was found that ovipositing females of P. brassicae preferred the transgenic variety for egg‐laying. Therefore, effects of the transgenic host plant on the herbivore were determined. Larvae feeding on the Bt‐plants experienced 100% mortality for all larval stages. Based on these observations, a population model was established. The model showed that larval survival is increased with amount of food (number of plants) and reduced with the frequency of transgenic specimens, number of host plants needed for completing larval development, and number of egg‐laying butterflies. Such models may both aid the design of further tests for effects and support the assessment whether population effects are likely to occur due to the presence of insect‐resistant plants outside the agricultural area.
Comparing responses of generalist and specialist herbivores to various cyanogenic plant features
Authors: Ballhorn D. J. , Kautz S. , Lieberei R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPlants are obliged to defend themselves against multiple generalist and specialist herbivores. Whereas plant cyanogenesis is considered an efficient defence against generalists, it is thought to affect specialists less. In the present study, we analysed the function of various cyanogenic features of lima bean [Phaseolus lunatus L. (Fabaceae)] during interaction with different herbivores. Three cyanogenic features were analysed, i.e., cyanogenic potential (HCNp; concentration of cyanogenic precursors), β‐glucosidase activity, and cyanogenic capacity (HCNc; release of cyanide per unit time). In no‐choice and free‐choice feeding trials, five lima bean accessions were offered to generalist desert locust [Schistocerca gregaria Forskål (Orthoptera: Acrididae)] and specialist Mexican bean beetle [Epilachna varivestis Mulsant (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)]. The HCNc was the most important parameter determining host plant selection by generalists, whereas choice behaviour of specialists was strongly affected by HCNp. Although locusts were effectively repelled by high HCNc, this cue was misleading for the detection of suitable host plants, as extensive consumption of low HCNc plant material resulted in strong intoxication of locusts. Balancing cyanide in consumed leaf area, the quantitative release of gaseous cyanide during feeding, and cyanide in faeces suggested that specialists metabolized significantly lower rates of cyanide per consumed leaf material than generalists. We hypothesize that specialists are able to avoid toxic concentrations of cyanide by using HCNp rather than HCNc as a cue for host plant quality, and that they exhibit mechanisms that reduce incorporation of host plant cyanide.
Influence of balsam fir (Abies balsamea) budburst phenology on hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria)
Authors: Butt Cheryl , Quiring Dan , Hébert Christian , Delisle Johanne , Berthiaume Richard , Bauce Eric , Royer Lucie 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMany herbivorous insects emerge synchronously with budburst of their host plant, as the nutritional quality of foliage often decreases rapidly following budburst. We carried out manipulative field experiments to evaluate the influence of bud and shoot phenology on performance of the hemlock looper, Lambdina fiscellaria Guenée (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ourapterygini), on balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill. (Pinaceae), in NF, Canada. Hemlock looper survival, pupal weight, and realized fecundity, which were then combined to estimate fitness, were all highest when newly emerged first instars were placed on foliage of current‐year shoots that had completed approximately 25–35% of their elongation, and lower when placed on younger or older foliage. Survival of a small portion of larvae placed on buds a week before budburst suggests that newly emerged first instars either entered unburst buds or survived for a week without food. In laboratory experiments, approximately half of larvae survived for 4 days without food or water at 10 °C and 65% r.h. The timing of egg hatch in the field appeared to be adaptive, but the short duration of egg hatch suggests that another factor in addition to host plant phenology exerts stabilizing selection pressure on the timing of egg hatch.
An update on the role of glutamate in the pathophysiology of depression
Authors: Mitchell N. D. , Baker G. B. 
Published: January 2010

Mitchell ND, Baker GB. An update on the role of glutamate in the pathophysiology of depression.Objective:  To review the literature on the involvement of glutamate (Glu), including its interactions with other neurochemical systems, in the pathophysiology of depression.Method:  A MEDLINE search using the terms glutamate, depression and major depressive disorder, was performed.Results:  Alterations in proteins involved in glutamatergic signalling are implicated in variations in behaviour in animal models of depression. Drugs acting at Glu receptors appear to have antidepressant‐like effects in these models, and traditional antidepressant pharmacotherapies act on the glutamatergic system. Recent evidence from genetic studies and in vivo spectroscopy also correlate glutamatergic dysfunction with depression. Trials of N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor antagonists in humans have provided mixed results.Conclusion:  A growing body of evidence indicates that the glutamatergic system is involved in the pathophysiology of depression, and may represent a target for intervention.
The mental health of female sex workers
Authors: Rössler W. , Koch U. , Lauber C. , Hass A.‐K. , Altwegg M. , Ajdacic‐Gross V. , Landolt K. 
Published: January 2010

Rössler W, Koch U, Lauber C, Hass A‐K, Altwegg M, Ajdacic‐Gross V, Landolt K. The mental health of female sex workers.Objective:  There is limited information available about the mental health of female sex workers. Therefore, we aimed to make a comprehensive assessment of the mental status of female sex workers over different outdoors and indoors work settings and nationalities.Method:  As the prerequisites of a probability sampling were not given, a quota‐sampling strategy was the best possible alternative. Sex workers were contacted at different locations in the city of Zurich. They were interviewed with a computerized version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Additional information was assessed in a structured face‐to‐face interview.Results:  The 193 interviewed female sex workers displayed high rates of mental disorders. These mental disorders were related to violence and the subjectively perceived burden of sex work.Conclusion:  Sex work is a major public health problem. It has many faces, but ill mental health of sex workers is primarily related to different forms of violence.
Ethnic origin and increased risk for schizophrenia in immigrants to countries of recent and longstanding immigration
Authors: Dealberto M.‐J. 
Published: January 2010

Dealberto M‐J. Ethnic origin and increased risk for schizophrenia in immigrants to countries of recent and longstanding immigration.Objectives:  Compare the risk for schizophrenia in immigrants to countries of recent and longstanding immigration. Compare prevalence and incidence rates in black subjects under different conditions.Method:  An electronic literature search was complemented by review articles and cross‐references. Studies reporting standard diagnosis and incidence or prevalence rates were included.Results:  Immigrants had an increased risk for schizophrenia in countries of longstanding immigration, but with lower risk ratios than in those of recent immigration. The risk was higher in black immigrants and the black population living in the United States. But incidence and prevalence rates in Africa and the Caribbean were similar to those of international studies.Conclusion:  Comparing the most recent generation of immigrants with descendants of previous ones may account for the lower risk ratios observed in countries of longstanding vs. recent immigration. Two neurobiological hypotheses are proposed to explain the epidemiological findings in black populations and in immigrants.
Para‐phenylenediamine‐specific lymphocyte activation test: a sensitive in vitro assay to detect para‐phenylenediamine sensitization in patients with severe allergic reactions
Authors: Kneilling Manfred , Caroli Ulrich , Grimmel Cornelia , Fischer Jörg , Eichner Martin , Wieder Thomas , Maier Florian C. , Röcken Martin , Biedermann Tilo 
Published: January 2010

Please cite this paper as: Para‐phenylenediamine‐specific lymphocyte activation test: a sensitive in vitro assay to detect para‐phenylenediamine sensitization in patients with severe allergic reactions. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: 435–441.Abstract:  Patients sensitized to para‐phenylenediamine (PPD) by semi‐permanent tattoos increasingly develop threatening allergic reactions in response to black hair dye. The gold standard to diagnose allergic contact dermatitis is to perform epicutaneous patch tests, however, iatrogenic sensitizations and severe patch test reactions to PPD have been described, the latter especially in patients with severe allergic reactions. We examined nine patients with severe allergic reactions in response to permanent hair dyes. Patch tests using the standard concentration of 1% or 0.5% PPD resulted in severe and sometimes even bullous reactions in all patients responsive to PPD. Titration revealed that at 1% of the standard concentration (0.01% PPD), patch test sensitivity decreased and only 50% of patients responded. Consequently, we established an in vitro assay to diagnose PPD allergy. Freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were cultured with titrated concentrations of PPD with or without IL‐2 supplementation, and cell proliferation was determined by [3H]‐thymidine incorporation. Lymphocyte activation test (LAT) detected PBMC cell proliferation specific to PPD, with at least 3.5‐fold increase in [3H]‐thymidine uptake in all PPD allergic patients. Most importantly, PPD–LAT without IL‐2 supplementation remained negative in three out of eight PPD allergic patients. Thus, PPD‐LAT with IL‐2 supplementation demonstrated a sensitivity of 100%, remained unresponsive in controls not sensitized to PPD, and in one patient sensitive to other p‐amino compounds. These data demonstrate that LAT with PPD can be used to detect PPD sensitization as a possible alternative to patch testing at least in patients with severe allergic reactions to PPD.
Dietary compound ellagic acid alleviates skin wrinkle and inflammation induced by UV‐B irradiation
Authors: Bae Ji‐Young , Choi Jung‐Suk , Kang Sang‐Wook , Lee Yong‐Jin , Park Jinseu , Kang Young‐Hee 
Published: January 2010

Please cite this paper as: Dietary compound ellagic acid alleviates skin wrinkle and inflammation induced by UV‐B irradiation. Experimental Dermatology 2010; 19: e182–e190.Abstract:  Ellagic acid, a polyphenol compound present in berries and pomegranate, has received attention as an agent that may have potential bioactivities preventing chronic diseases. This study examined photoprotective effects of ellagic acid on collagen breakdown and inflammatory responses in UV (ultraviolet)‐B irradiated human skin cells and hairless mice. Ellagic acid attenuated the UV‐B‐induced toxicity of HaCaT keratinocytes and human dermal fibroblasts. Non‐toxic ellagic acid markedly prevented collagen degradation by blocking matrix metalloproteinase production in UV‐B‐exposed fibroblasts. Anti‐wrinkle activity of ellagic acid was further investigated in hairless mice exposed to UV‐B, in which it attenuated UV‐B‐triggered skin wrinkle formation and epidermal thickening. Topical application of 10 μmol/l ellagic acid diminished production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β and IL‐6, and blocked infiltration of inflammatory macrophages in the integuments of SKH‐1 hairless mice exposed to UV‐B for 8 weeks. In addition, this compound mitigated inflammatory intracellular cell adhesion molecule‐1 expression in UV‐B‐irradiated keratinocytes and photoaged mouse epidermis. These results demonstrate that ellagic acid prevented collagen destruction and inflammatory responses caused by UV‐B. Therefore, dietary and pharmacological interventions with berries rich in ellagic acid may be promising treatment strategies interrupting skin wrinkle and inflammation associated with chronic UV exposure leading to photoageing.