bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feedback control of electromagnetic actuator with three degrees of freedom using optical image sensors
Authors: Maeda Shuhei , Hirata Katsuhiro , Tong Mingyu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractRecently, multidimensional actuators have been attracting considerable interest as a solution for increases in size and weight. In this paper, we propose a position feedback control method using optical image sensors for an actuator with three degrees of freedom. The validity of this control method is verified on the basis of the measurement results. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 181(2): 47–54, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21290
Capacity planning and practicality evaluation of grid‐independent power system based on supply reliability
Authors: Zhou Zhuomin , Ishida Masayoshi , Maeda Tetsuhiko 
Published: July 2012

Abstract2 This paper presents a methodology for performing capacity planning of a grid‐independent power system, which is mainly composed of PV panels, small wind turbines, fuel cell systems, and batteries. The methodology aims at finding the optimal capacities of these power sources to meet the required system supply reliability, with the lowest value of the levelized cost of energy. As the first step in capacity planning, mathematical models for characterizing PV panels, wind turbines, and batteries are proposed. The second step is to optimize the capacities of the power sources according to the Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP) and the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCE) concepts. The configurations which meet the required LPSP with the lowest LCE, give the optimal choices. The surveyed meteorological data and energy demand data of an apartment in Kanto area are used in the capacity planning. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 181(2): 1–9, 2012; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.22288
Magnetocaloric Effect in a Mn2‐Pyridazine‐[Nb(CN)8] Molecular Magnetic Sponge
Authors: Fitta Magdalena , Pełka Robert , Bałanda Maria , Czapla Mariusz , Mihalik Marian , Pinkowicz Dawid , Sieklucka Barbara , Wasiutyński Tadeusz , Zentkova Maria 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA comprehensive study of the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in the Mn2‐[Nb(CN)8] molecular magnet with a two‐step magnetic sponge behavior is reported. The structural transformations provoked by dehydration bring about an increase in the magnetic ordering temperature (Tc) from 43 K through to 68 K and up to 98 K. All three phases are soft isotropic ferrimagnets. The change in magnetic entropy in the partially and fully dehydrated phases is smaller than that in the “as synthesized” form by a factor of 0.6. The field dependence of MCE at Tc is consistent with the values of the critical exponents derived from the magnetization data.
A Nonenzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor Based on Silver Nanowires and Chitosan Film
Authors: Gao Xia , Jin Lingyan , Wu Qi , Chen Zhichun , Lin Xianfu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA nonenzymatic amperometric electrochemical sensor for the detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was fabricated based on highly dense silver nanowires (Ag NWs) and chitosan (CS) film. Ag NWs were synthesized by a poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP)‐mediated polyol process in the presence of manganese chloride (MnCl2), and were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Under the optimal conditions, the proposed nonenzymatic sensor exhibited good electrocatalytic activity towards the reduction of H2O2, and could detect H2O2 in the linear range of 0.008–1.35 mM, with a detection limit of 2 µM (S/N=3).
Simultaneous Detection of Copper, Lead and Zinc on Tin Film/Gold Nanoparticles/Gold Microelectrode by Square Wave Stripping Voltammetry
Authors: Wang Jinfen , Bian Chao , Tong Jianhua , Sun Jizhou , Xia Shanhong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this work, three heavy metals (Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II)) in wide potential window were simultaneously detected on tin film/gold nanoparticles/gold microelectrode (Sn/GNPs/gold microelectrode) by the method of square wave stripping voltammetry. The Sn/GNPs/gold microelectrode was fabricated by in situ plating of a Sn film on a gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified gold microelectrode. The influence of hydrogen overflow on stripping of Zn(II) on the gold microelectrode was reduced by modification of GNPs, which made the stripping potential of target metals shift positively. The interference of sulfhydryl groups was reduced and the selectivity of the microelectrode was improved due to the addition of Sn in the detection solution. After accumulation at −1.4 V for 300 s in acetate buffer solution (0.1 mol L−1, pH 4.5), the Sn/GNPs/gold microelectrode revealed a good linear behavior in the examined concentration ranges from 5 to 500 µg L−1 for Cu(II) and Pb(II), and from 10 to 500 µg L−1 for Zn(II), with a limit of detection of 2 µg L−1 for Cu(II), 3 µg L−1 for Pb(II) and 5 µg L−1 for Zn(II) (S/N=3). When compared with a Sb/GNPs/gold microelectrode and a Bi/GNPs/gold microelectrode, the Sn/GNPs/gold microelectrode showed the best stripping performance to Cu(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II). As a new type of environment‐friendly electrode, the Sn/GNPs/gold microelectrode has potential applications for detection of heavy metals.
Voltammetric Determination of Nifedipine on Carbon Nanotubes‐Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode: A new Application to Dissolution Test Studies
Authors: Jara‐Ulloa P. , Salgado‐Figueroa P. , Yañez C. , Núñez‐Vergara L. J. , Squella J. A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe report the adsorptive voltammetric determination of nifedipine on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)‐modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). Nifedipine was adsorbed on the MWCNT and then reduced using linear sweep and cyclic voltammetry (LSV and CV). Parameters such as pH and accumulation time were tested. The MWCNT‐modified GCE showed enhanced currents and good signal‐to‐noise characteristics in comparison with the bare GCE. Consecutive measurements with the modified electrode were highly repeatable and reproducible. The MWCNT/GCE was used for the determination of nifedipine and is recommended for quantitation in dissolution test studies. In this study we have tested normal and extended‐release pharmaceutical formulations of nifedipine using USP apparatus 2 and tracking the released drug in solution by the proposed voltammetric method. The main advantage of the voltammetric determination is the feasibility to detect the drug in‐situ avoiding tedious intermediate steps such as filtration, collection and replenishment of sample solutions. This work seeks to demonstrate the feasibility of applying voltammetric techniques in dissolution test studies.
Study of Inhibition, Reactivation and Aging Processes of Pesticides Using Graphene Nanosheets/Gold Nanoparticles‐Based Acetylcholinesterase Biosensor
Authors: Zhang Lin , Long Linjuan , Zhang Weiying , Du Dan , Lin Yuehe 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOrganophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides exert their toxicity via attacking the hydroxyl moiety of serine in the ‘active site’ of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In this paper we developed a stable AChE biosensor based on self‐assembling AChE to graphene nanosheet (GN)‐gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) nanocomposite electrode for investigation of inhibition, reactivation and aging processes of different pesticides. It is confirmed that pesticides can inhibit AChE in a short time. OPs poisoning is treatable with oximes while carbarmates exposure is insensitive to oximes. The proposed electrochemical approach thus provides a new simple tool for comparison of pesticide sensitivity and guide of therapeutic intervention.
Taxonomic notes on the Klasea calcarea group (Asteraceae) from Iran
Authors: Ranjbar Massoud , Negaresh Kazem , Karamian Roya 
Published: July 2012

AbstractKlasea sanandajensis (Asteraceae) is described and illustrated as a new species from Kurdestan Province, W Iran. It is belonging to Klasea sect. Schumeria, which contains plants have leaves or leaflets usually entire, upper cauline leaves decurrent or amplexicaul, corolla usually yellow, rarely pink, narrow part of corolla tube usually longer than half the total corolla length and apical anther appendages rounded. The new species is closely related to K. calcarea (MOZAFF.) RANJBAR & NEGARESH, but differs from it by its basal leaves (broadly oblanceolate vs. lanceolate‐oblong), phyllaries indumentums (floccose‐tomentose vs. glabrescent) and pappus length (± 13 mm vs. ± 8–9 mm long). Then, Klasea calcarea (MOZAFF.) RANJBAR & NEGARESH is also proposed here. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Variations in the essential oils from ylang‐ylang (Cananga odorata [Lam.] Hook f. & Thomson forma genuina) in the Western Indian Ocean islands
Authors: Benini Céline , Ringuet Mélanie , Wathelet Jean‐Paul , Lognay Georges , du Jardin Patrick , Fauconnier Marie‐Laure 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTYlang‐ylang essential oil is an important raw material for the fragrance industry. Despite its economic importance, to the best of our knowledge, no study has yet been undertaken to assess the chemical polymorphism of the different production areas. This underestimated variability is an interesting source of raw material for perfumers. That is why the variation in the chemical composition of four fractions of the essential oils extracted from Cananga odorata, grown in four locations Grande Comore, Mayotte, Nossi Bé and Ambanja, was studied. A total of 119 compounds, representing 85.7–96.4% of the total essential oil composition, were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and quantified by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. Thirty‐two compounds previously unreported in ylang‐ylang essential oil were identified. The distinction between the Comoros and Madagascar groups was made on the basis of the chemical classes. It was possible to significantly distinguish the Grande Comore and Mayotte essential oil samples, as well as the Ambanja and Nossi Bé essential oil samples, on the basis of their main compounds. The aromatic compounds profile for the origin of each essential oil fraction was established. Regression trees were built, allowing the provenance of the essential oils prepared at the laboratory level to be easily differentiated on the basis of a limited number of major compounds. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extraction of volatile flavour compounds from butter oil in a low‐density polyethylene membrane pouch
Authors: Chongcharoenyanon Busarin , Yamashita Nami , Igura Noriyuki , Noma Seiji , Shimoda Mitsuya 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTA low‐density polyethylene membrane pouch method was developed to extract volatile flavour compounds from butter oil prior to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. The butter oil represented oil‐based sample with complex flavour compounds. It was placed in the pouch and heat‐sealed for extraction in diethyl ether at 40°C for 1 h. The extraction mechanism can be explained by the molecular sieve effect. The extracted volatile flavour compounds are essential for butter oil aroma, e.g. fatty acids and lactones. The percent recoveries of fatty acids and lactones by this method were 1.00–1.74% and 10.1–11.2%, respectively. Sensory evaluation of the aroma recombinate and butter oil indicated the promise of this extraction technique. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Some considerations for high‐order ‘incremental remap’‐based transport schemes: edges, reconstructions, and area integration
Authors: Ullrich Paul Aaron , Lauritzen Peter Hjort , Jablonowski Christiane 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThe problem of two‐dimensional tracer advection on the sphere is extremely important in modeling of geophysical fluids and has been tackled using a variety of approaches. A class of popular approaches for tracer advection include ‘incremental remap’ or cell‐integrated semi‐Lagrangian‐type schemes. These schemes achieve high‐order accuracy without the need for multistage integration in time, are capable of large time steps, and tend to be more efficient than other high‐order transport schemes when applied to a large number of tracers over a single velocity field.In this paper, the simplified flux‐form implementation of the Conservative Semi‐LAgrangian Multi‐tracer scheme (CSLAM) is reformulated using quadratic curves to approximate the upstream flux volumes and Gaussian quadrature for integrating the edge flux. The high‐order treatment of edge fluxes is motivated because of poor accuracy of the CSLAM scheme in the presence of strong nonlinear shear, such as one might observe in the midlatitudes near an atmospheric jet. Without the quadratic treatment of upstream edges, we observe at most second‐order accuracy under convergence of grid resolution, which is returned to third‐order accuracy under the improved treatment. A shallow‐water barotropic instability also reveals clear evidence of grid imprinting without the quadratic correction. Consequently, these tests reveal a problem that might arise in tracer transport near nonlinearly sheared regions of the real atmosphere, particularly near cubed‐sphere panel edges. Although CSLAM is used as the foundation for this analysis, the conclusions of this paper are applicable to the general class of incremental remap schemes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A global measure to assess switching antipsychotic medications in the treatment of schizophrenia
Authors: Targum Steven D , Pestreich Linda , Reksoprodjo Petra , Pereira Heidi , Guindon Carrie , Hochfeld Marla 
Published: July 2012

ObjectivesIt is common practice to switch antipsychotic medications in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia to enhance clinical efficacy and/or reduce drug‐related side effects. The conventional Clinical Global Impression (CGI) of severity scale is a well‐understood measure to track switching effects but does not differentiate between the severity of clinical symptoms and the impact of side effects..MethodsWe developed a CGI‐switch instrument that contains distinct global severity scales for clinical efficacy, safety and/or tolerability, and a third unified (integrated) CGI severity score to assess these interrelated assessments. An integrated Clinical Global Impression of Change was also created to assess global clinical change relative to the initiation of treatment.ResultsInterrater reliability conducted as part of a rater‐training program for a clinical study (Novartis protocol CIL0522D; clinitrials.gov identifier: CT01207414) revealed high interrater agreement (Cronbach's alpha = 0.945). Data were collected from 1066 CGI assessments during the course of the trial. CGI raters easily grasped the utility of the instrument. The distinction made between efficacy and safety/tolerability facilitated serial tracking of each condition during the course of treatment.ConclusionThe modified CGI‐switch instrument is a simple, reliable, and practical metric to assess the benefits, if any of switching antipsychotic medications in patients with schizophrenia. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disc‐electrospun cellulose acetate butyrate nanofibers show enhanced cellular growth performances
Authors: Huang Chen , Niu Haitao , Wu Chunchen , Ke Qinfei , Mo Xiumei , Lin Tong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCellulose acetate butyrate nanofibers were prepared separately by two electrospinning techniques; a needleless electrospinning using a disc as spinneret and a rotary drum as collector and a conventional needle electrospinning using a rotary drum as collector. Compared to the needle‐electrospun nanofibers, the disc‐electrospun nanofibers were coarser with a wider diameter distribution. Both fibers had a similar surface morphology and they showed no difference in chemical components, but the disc‐electrospun nanofibers were slightly higher in crystallinity. The productivity of disc electrospinning was 150 times larger than that of needle electrospinning. The disc‐electrospun nanofiber mats were found to have a three dimensional fibrous structure with an average pore size of 9.1 μm, while the needle‐electrospun nanofibers looked more like a two‐dimensional sheet with a much smaller average pore size (3.2 μm). Fibroblasts and Schwann cells were cultured on the fibrous matrices to assess the biocompatibility. The disc‐electrospun nanofiber webs showed enhanced cellular growth for both fibroblasts and Schwann cells, especially in a long culture period. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A:115–122, 2013.
Preimplantation processing of ex vivo‐derived vascular biomaterials: Effects on peripheral cell adhesion
Authors: Uzarski Joseph S. , Van De Walle Aurore B. , McFetridge Peter S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe use of ex vivo‐derived scaffolds as vascular conduits has shown to be a clinically valid approach to repair or bypass occluded vessels. Implantation of allogeneic tissue grafts requires careful processing to lower immunogenicity and prevent bacterial infection. However, the mechanical/chemical treatments used to prepare biological scaffolds can result in significant alterations to the native structure and surface chemistry, which can affect in vivo performance. Of particular importance for vascular grafts are binding interactions between the implanted biomaterial and host cells from the circulation and adjacent vasculature. Here we present a comparison of four strategies used to decellularize allogeneic human umbilical vein (HUV) scaffolds: ethanol/acetone, sodium chloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or Triton X‐100. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that all four techniques achieved removal of native cells from both the lumenal and ablumenal surfaces of HUV grafts. Platelets and promyelocytic HL‐60 cells showed preferential binding on the more loosely structured ablumenal surface, although low surface coverage was observed overall by peripheral blood cells. Vascular endothelial cell adhesion was highest on HUV decellularized using ethanol/acetone, and significantly higher than on SDS‐processed grafts (p = 0.016). Primary cells showed high viability on the lumenal surface regardless of decellularization technique (over 95% in all cases). These results demonstrate the critical effects of various chemical processing strategies on the adhesive properties of ex vivo‐derived vascular grafts. Careful application‐specific consideration is warranted when selecting a processing strategy that minimizes innate responses (e.g. thrombosis, inflammation) that are often deleterious to graft survival. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A:123–131, 2013.
Effects of locally administered insulin on bone formation in non‐diabetic rats
Authors: Malekzadeh B. , Tengvall P. , Öhrnell L.‐O. , Wennerberg A. , Westerlund A. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe possibility to control bone formation would be favorable in many areas of medicine, where bone defects is still a major challenge. Insulin has been suggested to exert both systemic and local anabolic effects in bone tissues. This raised the question whether locally administrated insulin could provide new therapeutic strategies for patients with local bone defects and impaired bone healing. The aim of this study was to evaluate bone formation in non‐diabetic rats when local insulin is administered. This study differs from previous reports in two aspects: the use of non‐diabetic animals and locally administered insulin. Twenty‐four implants were inserted into 12 rats—one insulin‐coated and one control—in each tibia for four weeks. Interferometry and histomorphometry were used to evaluate the surface topography and bone formation, respectively. Results demonstrated no significant changes in surface topography after insulin immobilization. Histomorphometry revealed significantly more bone around the insulin‐coated implants (BA) (p = 0.005) and a similar amount of bone at the implant surface (BIC) (p = 0.117) compared with the controls. It was concluded that locally administered insulin from a titanium implant surface has the potential to increase bone formation not only in diabetic subjects but also in non‐diabetic subjects. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 101A:132–137, 2013.
Madecassoside, a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Centella asiatica herbs, protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress
Authors: Bian Difei , Liu Mei , Li Ying , Xia Yufeng , Gong Zhunan , Dai Yue 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the effect of madecassoside against oxidative stress‐induced injury of endothelial cells. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 500 µmol/L) was employed as an inducer of oxidative stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cell apoptosis was detected by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. Caspase‐3 activity and mitochondria membrane potential were further examined. As a result, madecassoside (10, 30, 100 µmol/L) could reverse morphological changes, elevate cell viability, increase glutathione levels, and decrease lactate dehydrogenase and malondialdehyde levels caused by H2O2 in a concentration‐dependent manner. It attenuated apoptosis, preventing the activation of caspase‐3 and the loss of mitochondria membrane potential, as well as the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) in HUVECs. These data suggested that madecassoside could protect HUVECs from oxidative injury, which was probably achieved by inhibiting cell apoptosis via protection of mitochondria membranes and downregulation of the activation of caspase‐3 and p38 MAPK. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:399–406, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21434
Probing the electronic structure, chemical bonding, and excitation spectra of [CuE]+/0/− (E = 14 group element) diatomics employing DFT and ab initio methods
Authors: Tsipis Athanassios C. , Gkarmpounis Dimitrios N. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe electronic structure, chemical bonding, and excitation spectra of neutral, cationic, and anionic diatomic molecules of Cu and 14 group elements formulated as [CuE]+/0/− (E = C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time‐dependent (TD)‐DFT methods. The electronic and bonding properties of the diatomics analyzed by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis approch revealed a clear picture of the chemical bonding in these species. The spatial organization of the bonding between Cu and E atoms in the [CuE]+/0/− (E = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) molecules can easily be recognized by the cut‐plane electron localization function representations. Particular emphasis was given on the absorption spectra of the [CuE]+/0/− which were simulated using the results of TD‐DFT calculations employing the hybrid Coulomb‐attenuating CAM‐B3LYP functional. The absorption bands have thoroughly been analyzed and assignments of the contributing principal electronic transitions associated to individual excitations have been made. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Toughness and Vertex Degrees
Authors: Bauer D. , Broersma H. J. , van den Heuvel J. , Kahl N. , Schmeichel E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe study theorems giving sufficient conditions on the vertex degrees of a graph G to guarantee G is t‐tough. We first give a best monotone theorem when , but then show that for any integer , a best monotone theorem for requires at least nonredundant conditions, where grows superpolynomially as . When , we give an additional, simple theorem for G to be t‐tough, in terms of its vertex degrees.