bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validity of two new patient‐reported outcome measures in systemic sclerosis: Patient‐reported outcomes measurement information system 29‐item health profile and functional assessment of chronic illness therapy–dyspnea short form
Authors: Hinchcliff Monique , Beaumont Jennifer L. , Thavarajah Krishna , Varga John , Chung Anh , Podlusky Sofia , Carns Mary , Chang Rowland W. , Cella David 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveMany patient‐reported outcome (PRO) instruments used in systemic sclerosis (SSc) trials are limited by lack of validation, licensing fees, and complicated scoring systems. We assessed the construct validity for discriminative purposes of 2 new PRO instruments, the Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System 29‐item Health Profile (PROMIS‐29) and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Dyspnea short form (FACIT‐Dyspnea), measuring health status and dyspnea in SSc patients.MethodsSeventy‐three patients participated in a cross‐sectional study at a tertiary SSc program. PROMIS‐29, FACIT‐Dyspnea, and legacy PRO instruments used in clinical trials (Medical Research Council Dyspnea Score, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire, Health Assessment Questionnaire disability index, and Short Form 36) were administered. Composite severity scores using an adaptation of the Medsger Disease Severity Index were generated using clinical, diagnostic, and laboratory information. PROMIS‐29 and FACIT‐Dyspnea scores were compared with legacy PRO measures and composite severity scores.ResultsThe mean patient age (84% women) was 51 years (range 22–72 years). The mean SSc disease duration from the onset of the first non–Raynaud's phenomenon symptom was 7.2 years (range 0–45 years). Spearman's correlation coefficients across FACIT‐Dyspnea and PROMIS physical functioning scores with legacy PRO instruments were generally high (range 0.50–0.86); those between PROMIS and FACIT‐Dyspnea with composite disease severity scores were more modest, but statistically significant (range 0.33–0.48, P < 0.01).ConclusionPROMIS‐29 and FACIT‐Dyspnea are valid instruments to measure the health status of SSc patients. PROMIS‐29 and FACIT‐Dyspnea may be preferable to legacy instruments because they are freely available in multiple languages and simple to administer, score, and interpret.
Influence of foot positions on the spine and pelvis
Authors: Betsch Marcel , Schneppendahl Johannes , Dor Larissa , Jungbluth Pascal , Grassmann Jan Peter , Windolf Joachim , Thelen Simon , Hakimi Mohssen , Rapp Walter , Wild Michael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveThe management of knee osteoarthritis includes the use of wedged shoe insoles to unload the affected knee compartment. Although the biomechanical effects of shoe insoles on the knee joint are known and described, only little is known about their influence on the pelvis and spine. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different foot positions, such as how they could be achieved by shoe insoles, on pelvic position and spinal posture.MethodsA total of 51 test subjects were measured for this study. The different foot positions (inner and outer margin increase, positive and negative heel height) were simulated with a specially designed stand platform. A rasterstereographic device was used to measure the immediate effects of the simulated foot positions on the pelvic position and spinal posture.ResultsPositive and negative heel heights as well as an increase of the outer margin of the platform led to significant changes of the pelvic tilt. The pelvic torsion also changed significantly during positive heel height changes of 10 and 15 mm and increases of the outer margin of the foot. No significant changes were found between foot position and spinal parameters.ConclusionThe results of our study support the existence of a kinematic chain, where changes of foot position also led to significant alterations of the pelvic position. Whether these changes could lead to long‐term pathologic alterations still needs to be evaluated. However, in our setting, no correlation between foot position and spinal posture changes was found.
Association of larger holes in the trabecular bone at the distal radius in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to controls
Authors: Pritchard Janet M. , Giangregorio Lora M. , Atkinson Stephanie A. , Beattie Karen A. , Inglis Dean , Ioannidis George , Punthakee Zubin , Adachi J. D. , Papaioannou Alexandra 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveAdults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) have an elevated fracture risk despite normal areal bone mineral density (aBMD). The study objective was to compare trabecular bone microarchitecture of postmenopausal women with type 2 DM and women without type 2 DM.MethodsAn extremity 1T magnetic resonance imaging system was used to acquire axial images (195 × 195 × 1,000 μm3 voxel size) of the distal radius of women recruited from outpatient clinics or by community advertisement. Image segmentation yielded geometric, topologic, and stereologic outcomes, i.e., number and size of trabecular bone network holes (marrow spaces), endosteal area, trabecular bone volume fraction, nodal and branch density, and apparent trabecular thickness, separation, and number. Lumbar spine (LS) and proximal femur BMD were measured with dual x‐ray absorptiometry. Microarchitectural differences were assessed using linear regression and adjusted for percent body fat, ethnicity, timed up‐and‐go test, Charlson Index, and calcium and vitamin D intake; aBMD differences were adjusted for body mass index (BMI).ResultsWomen with type 2 DM (n = 30, mean ± SD age 71.0 ± 4.8 years) had larger holes (+13.3%; P = 0.001) within the trabecular bone network than women without type 2 DM (n = 30, mean ± SD age 70.7 ± 4.9 years). LS aBMD was greater in women with type 2 DM; however, after adjustment for BMI, LS aBMD did not differ between groups.ConclusionIn women with type 2 DM, the average hole size within the trabecular bone network at the distal radius is greater compared to controls. This may explain the elevated fracture risk in this population.
Effect of a six‐week walking program on work place activity limitations among adults with arthritis
Authors: Nyrop Kirsten A. , Charnock Brian L. , Martin Kathryn R. , Lias Jennifer , Altpeter Mary , Callahan Leigh F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct an exploratory evaluation of the impact of the Arthritis Foundation's evidence‐based Walk With Ease (WWE) program on work place activity limitations of adults with self‐reported or doctor‐diagnosed arthritis.MethodsWWE participants who were self‐identified as “employed” completed the Workplace Activity Limitation Scale (WALS) at 6‐week (postintervention; n = 94) and 1‐year followup (n = 69). Paired t‐tests were used to determine whether reduced work place limitations were reported at 6 weeks and maintained at 1‐year followup.ResultsParticipants were on average age 55 years, 88% women, and 61% white. The mean body mass index was 32 kg/m2, and 81% had more than a high school education. Overall WALS scores improved significantly from a mean ± SD of 6.7 ± 3.99 at baseline to 5.5 ± 4.20 at 6‐week followup (P < 0.001, effect size 0.30). Improvements were maintained at 1‐year followup, i.e., no change from 6‐week followup (P = 0.87). Work place activities reported by participants as “some” or “a lot” of difficulty at baseline, i.e., “crouch/bend/kneel/work in awkward positions,” “stand for long periods,” and “lift/carry/move objects,” showed some of the highest improvements at 6 weeks. “Concentrate/keep your mind on the job” also improved significantly, although it was not rated as a substantial difficulty at baseline.ConclusionOur study provides encouraging evidence that WWE, a brief, low‐cost, and easy‐to‐do community‐based walking program, may provide both immediate and sustained benefits for people with self‐reported arthritis who also report a range of work place limitations related to their arthritis symptoms.
Ovarian reserve diminished by oral cyclophosphamide therapy for granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's)
Authors: Clowse Megan E. B. , Copland Susannah C. , Hsieh Tsung‐Cheng , Chow Shein‐Chung , Hoffman Gary S. , Merkel Peter A. , Spiera Robert F. , Davis John C. , McCune W. Joseph , Ytterberg Steven R. , St.Clair E. William , Allen Nancy B. , Specks Ulrich , Stone John H. ,   WGET Research Group
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectiveStandard treatment for severe granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) (GPA) is daily oral cyclophosphamide (CYC), a cytotoxic agent associated with ovarian failure. In this study, we assessed the rate of diminished ovarian reserve in women with GPA who received CYC versus methotrexate (MTX).MethodsPatients in the Wegener's Granulomatosis Etanercept Trial received either daily CYC or weekly MTX and were randomized to etanercept or placebo. For all women ages <50 years, plasma samples taken at baseline or early in the study were evaluated against samples taken later in the study to compare levels of anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), endocrine markers of remaining egg supply. Diminished ovarian reserve was defined as an AMH level of <1.0 ng/ml.ResultsOf 42 women in this analysis (mean age 35 years), 24 had CYC exposure prior to enrollment and 28 received the drug during the study. At study entry, women with prior CYC exposure had significantly lower AMH, higher FSH, and a higher rate of early menstruation cessation. For women with normal baseline ovarian function, 6 of 8 who received CYC during the trial developed diminished ovarian reserve, compared to 0 of 4 who did not receive CYC (P < 0.05). Changes in AMH correlated inversely with cumulative CYC dose (P < 0.01), with a 0.74 ng/ml decline in AMH level for each 10 gm of CYC.ConclusionDaily oral CYC, even when administered for less than 6 months, causes diminished ovarian reserve, as indicated by low AMH levels. These data highlight the need for alternative treatments for GPA in women of childbearing age.
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Reticulated Titanium Scrolls
Authors: Hong Eunji , Ahn Bok Y. , Shoji Daisuke , Lewis Jennifer A. , Dunand David C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractReticulated titanium scrolls are produced by printing titanium hydride lattices composed of two orthogonal layers of ink filaments, which are then rolled into cylinders and reduced to titanium upon partial vacuum sintering. The resulting three‐dimensional titanium scrolls contain a hierarchical pore size distribution composed of macroporosity between patterned filaments and micropores within each filament. These reticulated architectures exhibit an attractive combination of stiffness, strength, and ductility when tested in uniaxial compression.
Length‐Scale Mediated Differential Adhesion of Mammalian Cells and Microbes
Authors: Wang Yi , Subbiahdoss Guruprakash , Swartjes Jan , van der Mei Henny C. , Busscher Henk J. , Libera Matthew 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSurfaces of implantable biomedical devices are increasingly engineered to promote their interactions with tissue. However, surfaces that stimulate desirable mammalian cell adhesion, spreading, and proliferation also enable microbial colonization. The biomaterials‐associated infection that can result is now a critical clinical problem. We have identified an important mechanism to create a surface that can simultaneously promote healing while reducing the probability of infection. Surfaces are created with submicrometer‐sized, non‐adhesive microgels patterned on an otherwise cell‐adhesive surface. Quantitative force measurements between a staphylococcus and a patterned surface show that the adhesion strength decreases significantly at inter‐gel spacings comparable to bacterial dimensions. Time‐resolved flow‐chamber measurements show that the microbial deposition rate dramatically decreases at these same spacings. Importantly, the adhesion and spreading of osteoblast‐like cells is preserved despite the sub‐cellular non‐adhesive surface features. Since such length‐scale‐mediated differential interactions do not rely on antibiotics, this mechanism can be particularly significant in mitigating biomaterials‐associated infection by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria such as MRSA.
Ultrafast Direct Ablative Patterning of HOPG by Single Laser Pulses to Produce Graphene Ribbons
Authors: Kurra Narendra , Sagade Abhay A. , Kulkarni Giridhar U. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUltrafast, single step and direct patterning of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) is achieved through pulsed laser interference ablation using a near field transmitting phase mask. Periodic arrays of lines are patterned on the HOPG surface over large areas by spatially modulating the laser intensity through the mask. Thus patterned surface serve as a source for multi and few layer graphene ribbons for transferring onto desired substrates using polydimethylsiloxane as transferring agent. The transferred regions are contained with few layer graphene (5–6 layers) ribbons as well as thick graphitic ribbons (30–40 nm), with widths ∼1 μm and lengths of several micrometers. Raman, TEM and electrical measurements have confirmed that the transferred ribbons are highly crystalline in nature. Using combinations of shadow and transmitting phase masks, other patterns such as checker boards and diamond‐shaped pits are produced.
Direct Observation of Ag Filamentary Paths in Organic Resistive Memory Devices
Authors: Cho Byungjin , Yun Jin‐Mun , Song Sunghoon , Ji Yongsung , Kim Dong‐Yu , Lee Takhee 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe demonstrate bipolar switching of organic resistive memory devices consisting of Ag/polymer/heavily‐doped p‐type poly Si junctions in an 8 × 8 cross‐bar array structure. The bistable switching mechanism appears to be related to the formation and rupture of highly conductive paths, as shown by a direct observation of Ag metallic bridges using transmission electron microscopy and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. Current images of high‐ and low‐conducting states acquired by conducting atomic force microscopy also support this filamentary switching mechanism. The filamentary formation can be described by an electrochemical redox reaction model of Ag. Our results may also be applied to other kinds of organic materials presenting similar switching properties, contributing to the optimization of device scaling or memory performance improvement.
Enzymatic Synthesis of Enantiopure Precursors of Chiral Bidentate and Tridentate Phosphorus Catalysts
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Sylwia , Kwiatkowska Małgorzata , Madalińska Lidia , Barbachowska Agnieszka , Rachwalski Michał , Błaszczyk Jarosław , Sieroń Lesław , Kiełbasiński Piotr 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Candida antarctica lipase (CAL‐B)‐catalyzed acetylation of racemic 2‐hydroxymethylphenyl(methyl)phenylphosphine oxide, performed in diethyl ether, led to kinetic resolution with an unusually high enantioselectivity (E=3000). The CAL‐B‐mediated desymmetrization of prochiral bis(2‐hydroxymethylphenyl)methylphosphine oxide gave, via its enantioselective monoacetylation, the corresponding monoacetate in 80% yield and with ee>98%. The latter transformation allowed us to efficiently transform the prochiral substrate into the enantiomerically pure product in one single step. In both cases the stereogenic or prostereogenic phosphorus atom and the reacting hydroxy oxygen are distant from each other by four bonds. The absolute configurations of all the products were determined by a chemical correlation and X‐ray analysis. The products will be used as enantiopure substrates in the preparation of a variety of chiral organophosphorus ligands/catalysts for asymmetric synthesis.
L‐Amino Acid Amides via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution
Authors: Tessaro Davide , Cerioli Lorenzo , Servi Stefano , Viani Fiorenza , D'Arrigo Paola 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRacemic natural and non‐natural N‐Boc‐amino acid thioesters undergo enzyme‐catalyzed ammoniolysis and aminolysis with concomitant base‐catalyzed racemization of the non‐transformed D‐enantiomer with the formation of the corresponding L‐amides in good yields and excellent enantiomeric purity all above 98% ee. This is the first example of a dynamic kinetic resolution of amino acid derivatives with amides formation.
Brief communication: Two‐rooted lower Canines—A European trait and sensitive indicator of admixture across Eurasia
Authors: Lee Christine , Scott G. Richard 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWith the exception of Carabelli's trait, the European dentition is better known for the morphological traits that it does not exhibit rather than the ones that it does. One root trait, however, runs counter to the characterization of reduced and simplified European crowns and roots. Although a rare trait in general, two‐rooted lower canines are much more common in Europeans than in any other regional grouping and, given adequate sample sizes, can be useful in evaluating gene flow between Europeans and neighboring groups. In European samples, two‐rooted lower canines consistently exhibit frequencies of 5–8%. In our sample from northern Spain, the trait attains a frequency of almost 10%. In contrast, in Sub‐Saharan Africans the trait is virtually unknown while in Asian and Asian‐derived populations, it varies between 0.0 and 1.0%. Here we show that two‐rooted canine frequencies for new migrants along the western frontiers of China and Mongolia ranged from 0–4%. These data suggest European‐derived populations migrated into western China (Xinjiang Province) and Mongolia (Bayan Olgii Aimag) sometime during the late Bronze age (1000–400 BCE). Am J Phys Anthropol, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Case report of orbital violation with placement of ethmoid drug‐eluting stent
Authors: Villari Craig R. , Wojno Ted J. , DelGaudio John M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundDelivery of topical therapy is a mainstay in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Ethmoid sinus stenting has recently been introduced as a minimally invasive mechanism to deliver medication. We review available literature on ethmoid stenting and present a case report involving orbital violation and a fixed, dilated pupil.MethodsCase report and literature review.ResultsA 37 year‐old female underwent endoscopic placement of bilateral ethmoid sinus drug‐eluting stents for CRS at an outside facility. Postoperatively she complained of right‐sided ocular pain and pressure. She was seen in the emergency setting on post‐operative day (POD) 2 and had a dilated right pupil. A computed tomography (CT) scan was performed and read as normal. The left stent was removed successfully on POD 19; the right could not be removed in the outpatient setting secondary to pain. The patient was transferred to our facility on POD 21. The CT from POD 2 was reviewed and demonstrated violation of the lamina papyracea and orbit with the stent abutting the lateral orbital wall. On POD 24, the patient underwent medial orbital decompression and successful stent removal but continues to have a dilated pupil in the affected eye.ConclusionThis is the first reported case of orbital violation with placement of an ethmoid drug‐eluting stent. The literature shows feasibility in cadaveric studies but the practitioner must be diligent in placement. Ethmoid sinus stenting is an option for topical treatment of ethmoid sinusitis but practitioners must be cognizant of potential risks when counseling patients. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Novel magnetic nanoparticles for the hydrolysis of starch with Bacillus licheniformis α‐amylase
Authors: Uygun Deniz Aktaş , Öztürk Nevra , Akgöl Sinan , Denizli Adil 
Published: September 2011

AbstractNovel magnetic nanoparticles with an average size of 350–400 nm with N‐methacryloyl‐(L)‐phenylalanine (MAPA) as a hydrophobic monomer were prepared by the surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, MAPA, and magnetite in an aqueous dispersion medium. MAPA was synthesized from methacryloyl chloride and L‐phenylalanine methyl ester. The specific surface area of the nonporous magnetic nanoparticles was found to be 580 m2/g. Magnetic poly[2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate–N‐methacryloyl‐(L)‐phenylalanine] nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, electron spin resonance, atomic force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Elemental analysis of MAPA for nitrogen was estimated as 4.3 × 10−3 mmol/g of nanoparticles. Then, magnetic nano‐poly[2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate–N‐methacryloyl‐(L)‐phenylalanine] nanoparticles were used in the adsorption of Bacillus licheniformis α‐amylase in a batch system. With an optimized adsorption protocol, a very high loading of 705 mg of enzyme/g nanoparticles was obtained. The adsorption phenomena appeared to follow a typical Langmuir isotherm. The inverse of enzyme affinity for free amylase (181.82 mg/mL) was higher than that for immobilized enzyme (81.97 mg/mL). Storage stability was found to increase with adsorption. It was observed that the enzyme could be repeatedly adsorbed and desorbed without a significant loss in the adsorption amount or enzyme activity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Imaging the effect of dielectric breakdown in a multilayered polymer film
Authors: Wolak Mason A. , Wan Alan S. , Shirk James S. , Mackey Matt , Hiltner Anne , Baer Eric 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe dielectric strength and energy storage capability of poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) copolymer (P[VDF‐HFP]) films are enhanced by interleaving layers of PVDF copolymer with thin layers of polycarbonate (PC). To gain insight into the breakdown processes in such materials, focused ion beam (FIB) milling in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the effect of a breakdown on the film. FIB can sequentially mill cross sections that are each imaged by SEM. The technique can provide quasi‐3D images across the film and give a detailed view of the damage caused by an electrical breakdown. Here, breakdowns initiated using a needle‐plane electrode configuration were imaged. In homogeneous films, the damage was confined to the small volume at the pinhole site. In 32‐layer 50/50 PC/P[VDF‐HFP] multilayer films, damage extending laterally up to ∼ 15 μm into the film along the layer interfaces was seen. In addition to the delamination, layer buckling and distortion were apparent. The damage varied with the sample orientation, but the images indicate that the interfaces play an important role in the breakdown. They suggest that modifying the interface properties can be a strategy to further improve the dielectric strength of multilayer polymer dielectric materials. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and rheological properties of nickel‐zinc ferrite polymer nanocomposites
Authors: Moeen S. Jebelli , Vaezi M. R. , Yousefi A. A. , Ghasemi E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this work, the ferrimagnetic nickel‐zinc ferrite nanopowder was synthesized via citrate‐ethylene glycol processing, followed by the preparation of the epoxy‐based nanocomposite. The materials were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), simultaneous thermal analysis (STA), alternative gradient force magnetometer (AGFM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the sample calcined at 1000°C for 1 h had the best crystallinity, and the calculated crystallite size of this sample was ∼ 105 nm. The rheological properties and the magnetoviscous effect of the nanocomposites were studied by a standard rotating rheometer. The effects of the magnetic fields and shear rate with respect to time were investigated, and the results were discussed in terms of aggregates and magnetic field‐induced structures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012