bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated levels of Protein S in Multiple Myeloma bone marrow microenvironment regulate tumor progression and bone disease
Authors: Engelmann Janik , Waizenegger Jonas , Riecken Kristoffer , Fehse Boris , Weinhold Niels , Raab Marc , Hesse Eric , Taipaleenmäki Hanna , Pantel Klaus , Bokemeyer Carsten , Ben-Batalla Isabel , Loges Sonja 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The TAM (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) family of receptor tyrosine kinases exhibit cell-transforming capacity promoting tumorigenesis, metastasis and therapy-resistance in various cancer entities. GAS6-MERTK axis represents a target in Multiple Myeloma (MM) to inhibit tumor progression. We sought to explore the role of the alternative TAM receptor ligand Protein S (PROS1) in MM. Whereas PROS1 gene was not expressed by majority of MM plasma cells in a clinical cohort, PROS1 protein levels were increased in bone marrow (BM) plasma samples of MM patients. We could identify a negative regulatory function of PROS1 in MM plasma cells. Treatment of MM cells with PROS1 inhibited MM growth in vitro and PROS1 overexpression in U266 cell line inhibited MM progression in vivo. PROS1 upregulated AXLleading to an adhesive and quiescent myeloma cell phenotype in vitro, suggesting BM retention of MM plasma cells in vivo by PROS1-AXL axis. In addition to directly regulating myeloma plasma cell features, PROS1 interweaves with the disease-promoting myeloma BM microenvironment. We identified an IL-6–PROS1 crosstalk between osteoblasts and MM cells leading to inflammatory IL-6 cytokine signaling in osteoblasts via regulation of SOCS expression. Moreover, PROS1 promoted osteoclast differentiation of BM macrophages via increased SOCS - mediated inhibition of osteoclast - suppressive proinflammatory IL-6 signaling in BM macrophages. Enforced expression of PROS1 in MM plasma cells led to severe osteolytic bone destruction in mice, induced by increased osteoclast formation and suppression of osteoblasts, strengthening the rational for MERTK as a pharmacological target for myeloma bone disease independently from MM tumor burden.
Efficacy of novel insecticides against shoot and fruit borers, Earias spp. in okra
Authors: Singh Bhupender , Gaur Ram Karan , Jakhar Anil 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Among various insect pests attacking okra, shoot and fruit borers, viz., Earias vittella and E. insulana are highly significant, causing substantial losses to the crop. For effective management of these pests, it is crucial to evaluate insecticides with innovative mode of action. In this context, present study was conducted for two consecutive years to evaluate the efficacy of some novel insecticides viz., chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC, emamectin benzoate 5% SG and pyridalyl 10% EC against Earias spp in comparison to traditional ones such as λ-cyhalothrin 5% EC, cypermethrin 25% EC and quinalphos 25% EC. All the insecticides were applied to okra crop thrice at recommended doses of 25, 6.75, 50, 15, 37, and 200 g a.i. ha− 1, respectively, and observations on infestation (shoot and fruit) and yield of okra fruits were recorded. Results revealed that novel insecticides were more effective than old ones. Chlorantraniliprole exhibiting significant reduction in shoot and fruit infestation and maximum increase in yield of marketable okra fruits was most effective against Earias spp. followed by emamectin benzoate and pyridalyl. In contrast, λ-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and quinalphos were less effective and more or less on a par with each other. Incremental cost benefit ratio was however, highest in treatment involving emamectin benzoate followed by λ-cyhalothrin and chlorantraniliprole while minimum in treatment involving pyridalyl. Thus, chlorantraniliprole and emamectin benzoate can be used alternatively for the efficient management of Earias spp. in okra.
A retrospective study :myelodysplastic syndrome with t(9;22)(q34; q11)/BCR-ABL1 predicts a poor prognosis
Authors: Li Yanju , Liu Yang , Qi Shasha , Yao Yuhong , Fu Yunqiu , Gong Haomiao , Yang Bo , Huang Yi , Zhan Yun , Li Ya , Liu Ping , Wang Feiqing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study further verified this conclusion by reviewing and comparing prognostic and clinical features of 69 cases with MDS with and without the Ph chromosome. Our research shows that MDS with Ph chromosomes had high white blood cell (WBC) counts (P = 0.007), and both overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) are short, especially in MDS Ph with additional abnormalities, and Ph chromosome aberration was an independent risk factor for OS and LFS in MDS patients. Importantly, we observed that the Revision of the International Prognostic Scoring System scores (IPSS-R) in the isolated Ph group was significantly lower than that in the abnormal chromosome without Ph group, but OS in the abnormal chromosome without Ph group was longer than that in the isolated Ph group, so Ph chromosome aberration may be an important predictor of poor prognosis in MDS patients, and if it can be included in IPSS-R, it will be a supplement to the current scoring criteria. This study suggests that patients with the Ph chromosome have a high WBC count, a poor prognosis and a high-risk of progression to leukemia, especially those Ph with additional abnormalities. In addition, Ph chromosome may be an important Prognostic factor for poor prognosis of MDS. If it can be included in the Revised International Prognostic Scoring System in the future, it may be a further complement to the existing criteria.
Control Factor Optimization for Friction Stir Processing of AA8090/SiC Surface Composites
Authors: Adiga Karthik , Herbert Mervin A , Rao Shrikantha S , Shettigar Arun Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Friction Stir Processing is a state-of-the-art technology for microstructure refinement, material property enhancement, and surface composites fabrication. This investigation concentrates on AA8090/SiC surface composites produced via friction stir processing. Experiments were conducted by varying the following friction stir processing parameters: Tool rotational speed (800–1400 rpm), Tool traverse speed (25–75 mm/min), and Groove width (1.0-1.8 mm). Response measures encompassed Ultimate Tensile Strength and surface roughness. Central Composite Design of Response Surface Methodology designed the experiments and mathematical relationships established between input parameters and ultimate tensile strength and surface roughness. Analysis of variance was used to test the model's adequacy. The models examined individual and interaction effects of input factors on ultimate tensile strength and surface roughness of surface composites. A combinations of input parameters was identified that yields the maximum ultimate tensile strength and minimum surface roughness. Results indicate that increasing tool rotational speed produces well-finished AA8090/SiC surface composites with decreased strength. In contrast, increased tool traverse speed and groove width generate surface composites with rougher surfaces and higher strength. Surface and contour plots further explored the influence of parameter interactions on responses.
Diagnostic Dilemma: Investigating Respiratory Symptoms in a Middle-aged Smoker
Authors: Nezhad Nazanin Zeinali , Fekri Mitra Samareh , Shahpar Amirhossein , Nakhaie Mohsen , Khazaeli Mana , Farrokhnia Mehrdad , Salajegheh Faranak 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This case report presents a diagnostic challenge encountered in a 65-year-old male admitted with fever, dyspnea, chest pain, and hemoptysis, alongside constitutional symptoms including weight loss, night sweats, and fatigue. Despite initial suspicion for pulmonary thromboembolism and empirical antibiotic therapy for pneumonia, subsequent bronchoscopic evaluation revealed acute necrotizing granulomatous bronchitis, strongly indicative of endobronchial tuberculosis. This diagnosis emphasizes the importance of considering tuberculosis in patients with chronic respiratory symptoms, particularly in high-risk populations. Management involves initiating multidrug antitubercular therapy, close monitoring, infection control measures, and patient education. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial in optimizing outcomes and reducing disease burden in tuberculosis.
Dynamic changes of Ct values of N gene and ORF1ab genes and laboratory parameters in patients with COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 B.1, BA.2 and BA.5 variants and their correlation with clinical characteristics
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Chen Taoran , Zhou Qi , Xu Jiancheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the patterns of variation in the Ct values of the ORF1ab and N genes in oropharyngeal swabs of COVID-19 patients with different variants and to evaluate their associations with clinical and laboratory parameters. Total of 259 individuals with COVID-19 from 2021 to 2023 in Jilin Province were retrospectively included. Analysis was performed to compare the Ct values of the gene of SARS-CoV-2 in patients, with negative conversion time of nucleic acid, and the levels of blood tests during the patients' hospitalization.The majority of B.1 variant-infected individuals were asymptomatic; the median ORF1ab gene and N gene Ct values in oropharyngeal swabs from heavy patients were the lowest; and all ORF1ab gene Ct values were lower than N gene Ct values; with the longest negative conversion time of nucleic acid in these patients being 18 days.The median Ct values of the ORF1ab gene and the N gene were the highest in BA. 2 variant infected patients, and the Ct values of the ORF1ab gene and the N gene were higher in male patients than in female patients, and the shortest negative conversion time of nucleic acid was 14 days in patients with this variant, and the negative conversion time of nucleic acid was shorter in vaccinated patients than in unvaccinated patients.While the negative conversion time of nucleic acid was similar between BA.2 patients and BA.5 patients, the median Ct values of the ORF1ab and N genes were considerably lower in BA.5 patients than in BA.2 patients. The CREA, WBC, and NE% were significantly higher, and the ALB and LY% were significantly lower in BA.2 and BA.5 patients compared with B.1 patients. With disease aggravation, CREA, NE%, APTT, PT, and D-D increased, and LY% decreased. In conclusion, The most asymptomatic and longest transitional cycles were shown in patients with the ancestral lineage B.1 variation. Patients with the OmicronBA.2 variant showed the highest Ct values for the ORF1ab and N genes, while patients with the BA.2 and BA.5 variants had more serious coagulation and renal impairment.
The Novel Loss-of-function Arg212Trp Mutation in PPARG Causes Familial Partial Lipodystrophy Type 3
Authors: Gao Yuan , zhang cai , song ningyi , fu lina , luo xiaoping , liang yan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Familial partial lipodystrophy type 3 (FPLD3) is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in peroxisome activator receptor gamma (PPARG). Patients with familial partial lipodystrophy often have abnormal fat distribution and severe metabolic abnormalities. In this study, we identified a familial genetic defect in PPARG in a Chinese family and functionally validated this gene.
Methods
Three family members were screened for mutations in PPARG via direct sequencing. Physical examination and laboratory tests were performed on the affected individuals. The functions of the mutant genes were analyzed in transfected cell lines by measuring the transcriptional activity and interference with the wild-type protein and software-based prediction of the mutant protein structure.
Results
We identified a novel missense mutation in PPARG (i.e., PPARG2 c.634C > T; p.Arg212Trp). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the mutation of PPARG changed the three-dimensional structure and hydrophilic properties of the protein, and that the mutation was pathogenic. In vitro experiments reveal that the transcriptional activity of the mutant receptor was significantly reduced. Family members affected by the mutation were diagnosed with diabetes and hyperlipidemia. Genetic testing was performed to further confirm the diagnosis and classification of monogenic diabetes mellitus. After the diagnosis, each patient was treated with insulin aspart injection, metformin, and Lipitor, and the symptoms of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia improved.
Conclusions
We report familial partial lipodystrophy syndrome type 3 caused by a novel mutation in PPARG. Our data extend the spectrum of known PPARG mutations responsible for FPLD3 and highlight the importance of identifying FPLD syndrome and the early classification and management of diabetes.
Clinical characteristics of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children with atopic constitution
Authors: Qin Yujie , Yang Yuxia , Li Junxiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical features of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children with atopic constitution and non-atopic constitution, and to provide a plan for the treatment of children with atopic constitution.MethodsA total of 446 children hospitalized with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in our hospital from June 2023 to December 2023 were selected. They were divided into an atopic group of 156 cases and a non atopic group of 290 cases based on their atopic constitution. The clinical data and laboratory indicators such as white blood cell count (WBC), lymphocyte percentage, neutrophil percentage, eosinophilic percentage, C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin E (IgE) and chest CT were compared between the two groups.ResultsChildrenin the atopic group were more prone to wheezing and had a longer duration. The eosinophile count, lactate dehydrogenase and IgE levels were higher than those in non atopic group (P<0.05).The proportion of bronchiolitis and severe pneumonia was higher in the atopic group(P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the proportion of hormones, bronchoscopy and immunoglobulin used between the two groups.ConclusionAtopic constitution may be one of the risk factors for severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and bronchiolitis-based Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Attention should be paid to the treatment and prognosis of these children.
Broad-Wavelength Light-Fuelled Organic Crystal Oscillators Driven by Multimodal Photothermally Resonated Natural Vibration
Authors: Koshima Hideko , Hasebe Shodai , Hagiwara Yuki , Goto Taiki , Ryu Tomohiro , Ehara Takumi , Ogawa Tomohiro , Miyata Kiyoshi , Onda Ken , Morioka Ryota , Morikawa Junko , Asahi Toru 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Photomechanical crystals have applications in light-fuelled actuators and soft robots. Herein, we describe light-responsive, versatile, anthraquinone dye crystal oscillators actuated via natural vibrations that are resonated by a photothermal effect. A black needle-shaped crystal cantilever oscillates at 70 Hz in the first mode of natural vibration upon irradiation by broad-wavelength light ranging from the ultraviolet through the visible to the near infrared, and also under continuous-wavelength light (400–2000 nm). The second and third natural vibration modes are induced at higher frequencies (530 and 1350 Hz) and evidence complex flagellum-like motions. The frequency can be readily tuned by moving the support of a crystal piece; this is analogous to playing a guitar. The crystal exhibits high durability (more than 10,000 cycles): the high elasticity prevents deterioration. Oscillatory motions can be designed via simulations using finite element analysis. This work will facilitate the use of photomechanical crystals in light-fuelled soft robots.
Perioperative outcomes in an age-adapted analysis of the German StuDoQ|Pancreas registry for PDAC
Authors: Tschaidse Tengis , Hofmann Felix O. , Renz Bernhard , Hungbauer Maximilian , Klinger Carsten , Buhr Heinz J , Uhl Waldemar , Mees Sören Torge , Reissfelder Christoph , Ghadimi Michael , D'Haese Jan G. , Werner Jens , Ilmer Matthias , Keck Tobias 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) typically occurs in an older patient population. Yet, early-onset pancreatic cancer (EOPC) has one of the fastest growing incidence rates. This study investigated the influence of age and tumor location on postoperative morbidity and mortality in a large, real-world dataset.
Methods:
Patients with confirmed PDAC undergoing pancreatic surgery between 01/01/2014 and 31/12/2019 were identified from the German StuDoQ|Pancreas registry. After categorization into early- (EOPC), middle- (MOPC), and late-onset (LOPC), and stratification into pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) or distal pancreatectomy (DP), differences in morbidity and mortality as well as clinicopathologic parameters were analyzed.
Results:
In total, 3011 identified patients were identified. No difference in the occurrence of POPF, PPH or DGE between different age groups and resection techniques was detected. However, in patients undergoing PD, major complications (Clavien-Dindo ³ 3a) were observed more frequently in LOPC (30,7%) than in MOPC (26,2%) and EOPC (16,9%; p < 0,01). Mortality almost tripled from EOPC (2,4%) to MOPC (3,6%) to LOPC (6,6%, p < 0,01) and significantly higher FTR rates could be observed (EOPC 14,3%, MOPC 13,6%; LOPC 21,6%; p < 0,05). In centers with DGAV certification for pancreatic surgery, the risk of complications was significantly decreased in PD (OR 0,79; 95% CI 0,65-0,94; p = 0,010).
Conclusion:
Age has a pronounced impact on the perioperative outcomes after pancreatic resections of PDAC. This effect is more prevalent in PD compared to DP. Pancreatic surgery-specific complications, such as POPF, DGE or PPH do not occur more frequently in the elderly. Overall, the risk of major complications and mortality increases in elderly patients mainly secondary to higher FTR rates. In contrast, certified centers (DGAV) reduced the rate of major complications in PD.
Centralization of pancreatic surgery in high-volume centers with certified quality management is key to improve the outcomes of pancreatic surgery.
The implementation of speckle tracking echocardiography for cardiac resynchronization therapy optimization. A rotational myocardial mechanics interpretation
Authors: Stefanidis Alexandros , Korlou Paraskevi , Margos Panagiotis , Ikonomidis Ignatios , Paraskevaidis Ioannis , Gatzoulis Konstantinos , Aivalioti Evmorfia , Kostopoulos Konstantinos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has an additive therapeutic influence on left ventricular function in heart failure patients, but the underlying mechanisms through which it works are not completely explained. Our aim was to further elucidate the role of this intervention via rotational mechanics using 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).
Results: We investigated 46 patients (65 ± 9 years) who received CRT. All enrolled patients were assessed on admission by 2D-STE and 6 minute walk test (6 min WT) and followed in the outpatient device clinic by 2D-STE (at one week and 6-month post-implantation) and 6 min WT (at 6 months post-implantation). On their first appointment all biventricular systems were optimized by atrioventricular delay optimization and by changing the temporal activation of ventricular electrodes aiming to reach the highest left ventricular effective stroke volume across all activation options. A new 2D-STE based index (twist integral) targeting to assess the rotational mechanics of the whole cardiac cycle was also measured to further explain the CRT response.
Twenty-two (48%) patients with dilated cardiomyopathy as the predominant aetiology of heart failure were responders at 6-month follow-up. The commonest selected mode that was related with the greatest left ventricular performance response was the simultaneous activation of the 2 ventricular leads (39%). The strongest predictor of CRT response was the improvement of effective stroke volume between admission and first appointment at clinic, followed by the improvement of twist integral, the non-existence of coronary artery disease, and the improvement of peak systolic twist.
Conclusions: Additional CRT optimization via changing the temporal activation of ventricular electrodes is beneficial for left ventricular performance in heart failure patients. Rotational mechanics essentially explain the beneficial CRT contribution to these patients.
Evaluation of efficacy and effect of topical low-dose testosterone (3 mg/mL) on estradiol levels by mass spectrometry in breast cancer patients receiving ovarian suppression and aromatase inhibitor therapy
Authors: Taranto Patrícia , Sales Diogo de Brito , Maluf Fernando Cotait , Guendelmann Rafael Aliosha Kaliks , Pompei Luciano de Melo , Leal Alessandro , Buzaid Antonio Carlos , Schvartsman Gustavo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Premenopausal, high-risk, hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients are often treated with ovarian suppression in combination with aromatase inhibitors. This combination has important adverse effects, particularly in sexual function, such as vaginal dryness and loss of libido. There is no effective therapy for reduced sexual function in this setting. Our study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety, particularly regarding sexual function, of a low-dose, topical testosterone gel administration.Methods This is a pilot, single-center study, designed to evaluate the efficacy of topical testosterone gel (3 mg/day) in improving sexual function in 29 premenopausal patients on ovarian suppression in combination with an aromatase inhibitor. The primary safety endpoint was to determine serum estradiol, measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry monthly for three consecutive months. The primary efficacy endpoint was assessed by means of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire, which include various domains of sexual function such as libido, sexual satisfaction and vaginal lubrication.Results We report the results on 29 patients. Twenty-two patients (75%) completed the 3-month treatment, and seven discontinued treatment. One was excluded after the first visit because she was postmenopausal, one had a mild skin reaction and five discontinued treatment over the three months mainly due to logistical difficulties related to the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 29 patients maintained the value of baseline mass spectrometry assay for estradiol of less than 2.7 pg/mL during the 3-month treatment in all three measurements. We observed a significant improvement in Female Sexual Function Index measures over the visits, with an increase from a mean of 11.7 at baseline to 19.1 in the third month (p < 0.001), with the greatest improvement observed between the second and third months. Regarding the domains of the questionnaire evaluated separately, desire, excitement, lubrication, orgasm and satisfaction all showed significant improvement over three months of the protocol.Conclusions Our findings suggest that topical testosterone seems to be safe and may be effective in improving sexual function in patients on ovarian suppression and AI. A randomized phase 2 study is warranted.Trial registration The project was submitted and approved through the hospital's SGPP platform in 11/26/2019 (Project No. SGPP: 3938-19) and CAAE (Research Ethics Committee) (CAAE No: 25609719.5.0000.007)