bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traiter les données : entre économie de l'attention et mycélium de la signification
Authors: Citton Yves 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Le traitement des big data (bases de données de grosse taille) pose un défi à nos intelligences collectives. Il nous contraint à inventer une autre économie de l’attention, à redéfinir la notion de « pertinence » (et d’impertinence), à nous doter d’une conception plus fine, plus souple et plus vivace de la « signification ». Cet article suggère que c’est du côté de la façon dont la littérature gère la polysémie que nous devrions chercher de quoi faire face à tous ces défis.
Vers des saturnales post-modernes ?
Authors: Querrien Anne , Rosso François 
Published: June 2012

Résumé Les fêtes romaines des « Saturnales » permettaient de reporter la domination au lendemain. La dette a besoin de ses saturnales. Les entreprises en bénéficient depuis longtemps, grâce à de multiples exonérations qui effacent leur dette sociale. Pour les salariés, que personne ne songe à exonérer, la Banque de France propose toutefois des consignes utiles et suggestives, sur quelques moyens pratiques d’échapper aux dettes privées, avant qu’elles nous écrasent. Cet article observe ces deux formes de saturnales bureaucratiques.
IN VIVO EVALUATION OF A NEW BIPHASIC CALCIUM PHOSPHATE BONE SUBSTITUTE IN RABBIT FEMUR DEFECTS MODEL
Authors: Chen Chia-Hsien , Chiang Chang-Jung , Rau Gary , Huang Mao-Suan , Chan Kam Kong , Liao Chun-Jen , Kuo Yi-Jie 
Published: June 2012

Calcium phosphate ceramic has been known for its properties of bioactivity and osteoconductivity and has been widely used in orthopedic, plastic and craniofacial surgeries. The biocompatibility, unlimited availability, lower morbidity for the patient and cost-effectiveness of calcium phosphate ceramics represent important advantages over other biological bone graft, such as autografts and allografts. A new synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), Bicera™ (60% HA and 40% β-TCP), is manufactured by Wiltrom Co., Ltd., as a new bone graft substitute. It shows good biocompatibility without cytotoxicity in in vitro test. To evaluate the possible application for clinical use, we used New Zealand white rabbit femur defect model to compare the osteoconductivity of this new bone substitute to another commercially available bone substitute (Triosite®) which was used as the control material. According to the macroscopic observation, both bone substitutes show good biocompatibility and no abnormal inflammation either infection was seen at the implantation sites. X-rays image of implant sites at one month, three months and six months showed all implanted materials were well incorporated with host bone. All of them were not fully absorbed and replaced after six months implantation. In the histological and hitomorphometric data, new bone grew into the surface of the peripheral pores in both bone substitutes and increased over time. Moreover, the degree of bone regeneration appeared to be relatively greater in the specimens with Bicera™ when compared with Triosite®. We concluded that this new synthetic BCP (Bicera™) showed similar biocompatibility and osteoconductive characteristic comparing with commercial product Triosite® in rabbit femur defects model.
Structural Characterization and Inhibitory Profile of Formyl Peptide Receptor 2 Selective Peptides Descending from a PIP2-Binding Domain of Gelsolin
Authors: Forsman Huamei , Andréasson Emil , Karlsson Jennie , Boulay Francois , Rabiet Marie-Josèphe , Dahlgren Claes 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The neutrophil formyl peptide receptors, FPR1 and FPR2, play critical roles for inflammatory reactions, and receptor-specific antagonists/inhibitors can possibly be used to facilitate the resolution of pathological inflammatory reactions. A 10-aa-long rhodamine-linked and membrane-permeable peptide inhibitor (PBP10) has such a potential. This FPR2 selective inhibitor adopts a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate–binding sequence in the cytoskeletal protein gelsolin. A core peptide, RhB-QRLFQV, is identified that displays inhibitory effects as potent as the full-length molecule. The phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate–binding capacity of PBP10 was not in its own sufficient for inhibition. A receptor in which the presumed cytoplasmic signaling C-terminal tail of FPR2 was replaced with that of FPR1 retained the PBP10 sensitivity, suggesting that the tail of FPR2 was not on its own critical for inhibition. This gains support from the fact that the effect of cell-penetrating lipopeptide (a pepducin), suggested to act primarily through the third intracellular loop of FPR2, was significantly inhibited by PBP10. The third intracellular loops of FPR1 and FPR2 differ in only two amino acids, but an FPR2 mutant in which these two amino acids were replaced by those present in FPR1 retained the PBP10 sensitivity. In summary, we conclude that the inhibitory activity on neutrophil function of PBP10 is preserved in the core sequence RhB-QRLFQV and that neither the third intracellular loop of FPR2 nor the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor alone is responsible for the specific inhibition.
The Efficiency of Human Cytomegalovirus pp65495–503 CD8+ T Cell Epitope Generation Is Determined by the Balanced Activities of Cytosolic and Endoplasmic Reticulum-Resident Peptidases
Authors: Urban Sabrina , Textoris-Taube Kathrin , Reimann Barbara , Janek Katharina , Dannenberg Tanja , Ebstein Frédéric , Seifert Christin , Zhao Fang , Kessler Jan H. , Halenius Anne , Henklein Petra , Paschke Julia , Cadel Sandrine , Bernhard Helga , Ossendorp Ferry , Foulon Thierry , Schadendorf Dirk , Paschen Annette , Seifert Ulrike 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Control of human CMV (HCMV) infection depends on the cytotoxic activity of CD8+ CTLs. The HCMV phosphoprotein (pp)65 is a major CTL target Ag and pp65495–503 is an immunodominant CTL epitope in infected HLA-A*0201 individuals. As immunodominance is strongly determined by the surface abundance of the specific epitope, we asked for the components of the cellular Ag processing machinery determining the efficacy of pp65495–503 generation, in particular, for the proteasome, cytosolic peptidases, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident peptidases. In vitro Ag processing experiments revealed that standard proteasomes and immunoproteasomes generate the minimal 9-mer peptide epitope as well as N-terminal elongated epitope precursors of different lengths. These peptides are largely degraded by the cytosolic peptidases leucine aminopeptidase and tripeptidyl peptidase II, as evidenced by increased pp65495–503 epitope presentation after leucine aminopeptidase and tripeptidyl peptidase II knockdown. Additionally, with prolyl oligopeptidase and aminopeptidase B we identified two new Ag processing machinery components, which by destroying the pp65495–503 epitope limit the availability of the specific peptide pool. In contrast to cytosolic peptidases, silencing of ER aminopeptidases 1 and 2 strongly impaired pp65495–503-specific T cell activation, indicating the importance of ER aminopeptidases in pp65495–503 generation. Thus, cytosolic peptidases primarily interfere with the generation of the pp65495–503 epitope, whereas ER-resident aminopeptidases enhance such generation. As a consequence, our experiments reveal that the combination of cytosolic and ER-resident peptidase activities strongly shape the pool of specific antigenic peptides and thus modulate MHC class I epitope presentation efficiency.
Changes in Functional but Not Structural Avidity during Differentiation of CD8+ Effector Cells In Vivo after Virus Infection
Authors: Amoah Samuel , Yammani Rama D. , Grayson Jason M. , Alexander-Miller Martha A. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
By the peak of the CD8+ T cell response, the effector cell pool consists of a heterogeneous population of cells that includes both those with an increased propensity to become long-lived memory cells (memory precursor effector cells; MPEC) and those that are terminally differentiated cells (short-lived effector cells; SLEC). Numerous studies have established the critical role that functional avidity plays in determining the in vivo efficacy of CD8+ effector cells. Currently, how functional avidity differs in MPEC versus SLEC and the evolution of this property within these two populations during the expansion and contraction of the response are unknown. The data presented in this study show that at the peak of the effector response generated after poxvirus infection, SLEC were of higher functional avidity than their MPEC counterpart. Over time, however, SLEC exhibited a decrease in peptide sensitivity. This is in contrast to MPEC, which showed a modest increase in peptide sensitivity as the response reached equilibrium. The decrease in functional avidity in SLEC was independent of CD8 modulation or the amount of Ag receptor expressed by the T cell. Instead, the loss in sensitivity was correlated with decreased expression and activation of ZAP70 and Lck, critical components of TCR membrane proximal signaling. These results highlight the potential contribution of avidity in the differentiation and evolution of the T cell effector response after viral infection.
Gemfibrozil, a Lipid-Lowering Drug, Upregulates IL-1 Receptor Antagonist in Mouse Cortical Neurons: Implications for Neuronal Self-Defense
Authors: Corbett Grant T. , Roy Avik , Pahan Kalipada 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Chronic inflammation is becoming a hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders and accordingly, IL-1β, a proinflammatory cytokine, is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Although IL-1β binds to its high-affinity receptor, IL-1R, and upregulates proinflammatory signaling pathways, IL-1R antagonist (IL-1Ra) adheres to the same receptor and inhibits proinflammatory cell signaling. Therefore, upregulation of IL-1Ra is considered important in attenuating inflammation. The present study underlines a novel application of gemfibrozil (gem), a Food and Drug Administration-approved lipid-lowering drug, in increasing the expression of IL-1Ra in primary mouse and human neurons. Gem alone induced an early and pronounced increase in the expression of IL-1Ra in primary mouse cortical neurons. Activation of type IA p110α PI3K and Akt by gem and abrogation of gem-induced upregulation of IL-1Ra by inhibitors of PI3K and Akt indicate a role of the PI3K-Akt pathway in the upregulation of IL-1Ra. Gem also induced the activation of CREB via the PI3K-Akt pathway, and small interfering RNA attenuation of CREB abolished the gem-mediated increase in IL-1Ra. Furthermore, gem was able to protect neurons from IL-1β insult. However, small interfering RNA knockdown of neuronal IL-1Ra abrogated the protective effect of gem against IL-1β, suggesting that this drug increases the defense mechanism of cortical neurons via upregulation of IL-1Ra. Taken together, these results highlight the importance of the PI3K-Akt-CREB pathway in mediating gem-induced upregulation of IL-1Ra in neurons and suggest gem as a possible therapeutic treatment for propagating neuronal self-defense in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders.
Tim-3 Pathway Controls Regulatory and Effector T Cell Balance during Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: Moorman Jonathan P. , Wang Jia M. , Zhang Ying , Ji Xiao J. , Ma Cheng J. , Wu Xiao Y. , Jia Zhan S. , Wang Ke S. , Yao Zhi Q. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is remarkable at disrupting human immunity to establish chronic infection. Upregulation of inhibitory signaling pathways (such as T cell Ig and mucin domain protein-3 [Tim-3]) and accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) play pivotal roles in suppressing antiviral effector T cell (Teff) responses that are essential for viral clearance. Although the Tim-3 pathway has been shown to negatively regulate Teffs, its role in regulating Foxp3+ Tregs is poorly explored. In this study, we investigated whether and how the Tim-3 pathway alters Foxp3+ Treg development and function in patients with chronic HCV infection. We found that Tim-3 was upregulated, not only on IL-2–producing CD4+CD25+Foxp3− Teffs, but also on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs, which accumulate in the peripheral blood of chronically HCV-infected individuals when compared with healthy subjects. Tim-3 expression on Foxp3+ Tregs positively correlated with expression of the proliferation marker Ki67 on Tregs, but it was inversely associated with proliferation of IL-2–producing Teffs. Moreover, Foxp3+ Tregs were found to be more resistant to, and Foxp3− Teffs more sensitive to, TCR activation-induced cell apoptosis, which was reversible by blocking Tim-3 signaling. Consistent with its role in T cell proliferation and apoptosis, blockade of Tim-3 on CD4+CD25+ T cells promoted expansion of Teffs more substantially than Tregs through improving STAT-5 signaling, thus correcting the imbalance of Foxp3+ Tregs/Foxp3− Teffs that was induced by HCV infection. Taken together, the Tim-3 pathway appears to control Treg and Teff balance through altering cell proliferation and apoptosis during HCV infection.
Molecular Mechanisms Responsible for the Selective and Low-Grade Induction of Proinflammatory Mediators in Murine Macrophages by Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Maitra Urmila , Deng Hui , Glaros Trevor , Baker Bianca , Capelluto Daniel G. S. , Li Zihai , Li Liwu 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Low-dose endotoxemia is prevalent in humans with adverse health conditions, and it correlates with the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and neurologic inflammation. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrate that subclinical low-dose LPS skews macrophages into a mild proinflammatory state, through cell surface TLR4, IL-1R–associated kinase-1, and the Toll-interacting protein. Unlike high-dose LPS, low-dose LPS does not induce robust activation of NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K, or anti-inflammatory mediators. Instead, low-dose LPS induces activating transcription factor 2 through Toll-interacting protein–mediated generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, allowing mild induction of proinflammatory mediators. Low-dose LPS also suppresses PI3K and related negative regulators of inflammatory genes. Our data reveal novel mechanisms responsible for skewed and persistent low-grade inflammation, a cardinal feature of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Defective Macrophage Migration in Gαi2- but Not Gαi3-Deficient Mice
Authors: Wiege Kristina , Le Duc D. , Syed Shahzad N. , Ali Syed R. , Novakovic Ana , Beer-Hammer Sandra , Piekorz Roland P. , Schmidt Reinhold E. , Nürnberg Bernd , Gessner J. Engelbert 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Various heterotrimeric Gi proteins are considered to be involved in cell migration and effector function of immune cells. The underlying mechanisms, how they control the activation of myeloid effector cells, are not well understood. To elucidate isoform-redundant and -specific roles for Gαi proteins in these processes, we analyzed mice genetically deficient in Gαi2 or Gαi3. First, we show an altered distribution of tissue macrophages and blood monocytes in the absence of Gαi2 but not Gαi3. Gαi2-deficient but not wild-type or Gαi3-deficient mice exhibited reduced recruitment of macrophages in experimental models of thioglycollate-induced peritonitis and LPS-triggered lung injury. In contrast, genetic ablation of Gαi2 had no effect on Gαi-dependent peritoneal cytokine production in vitro and the phagocytosis-promoting function of the Gαi-coupled C5a anaphylatoxin receptor by liver macrophages in vivo. Interestingly, actin rearrangement and CCL2- and C5a anaphylatoxin receptor-induced chemotaxis but not macrophage CCR2 and C5a anaphylatoxin receptor expression were reduced in the specific absence of Gαi2. Furthermore, knockdown of Gαi2 caused decreased cell migration and motility of RAW 264.7 cells, which was rescued by transfection of Gαi2 but not Gαi3. These results indicate that Gαi2, albeit redundant to Gαi3 in some macrophage activation processes, clearly exhibits a Gαi isoform-specific role in the regulation of macrophage migration.
Immediate Effect of Occlusal Errors on Masticatory Muscle Activity in Denture Wearers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Wicks Russell , Cagna David , Brandt Robert 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT
Over the past three decades, little scientific progress has been made relative to occlusion in conventional complete dentures. Equal distribution of functional load throughout the residual denture foundation is likely an important factor in prosthesis stability and patient acceptance of dentures. A better understanding the relationship between denture occlusion and the physiologic behavior of muscles involved in mastication may prove beneficial in the clinical management of edentulism. The purpose of the present study was to determine the short-term immediate effects of unilateral and bilateral posterior occlusal interferences on masticatory muscle activity in edentulous patients treated with conventional complete dentures. Bilateral EMG activity of the anterior temporalis and masseter muscles was recorded in ten subjects at baseline, following introduction of unilateral posterior occlusal interferences, and following introduction of bilateral posterior interferences. During each experimental event, muscle activity was recorded bilaterally at maximal clench and the intended denture occlusion was electronically verified. Patients responded to questionnaires after each experimental intervention and following removal of occlusal interferences. Student's paired t-test was used to compare the data obtained (p = 0.05). Results indicate no significant difference in EMG values at baseline, after introduction of bilateral posterior interferences, after the introduction of unilateral right posterior interferences and after removal of the occlusal interference. In the group with unilateral left posterior occlusal interferences there was a significant reduction in the EMG activity of the left masseter. Analysis of questionnaires did not reveal any significant findings. Taken together, results suggest that there was no significant difference in the EMG values of the patient after the introduction of the posterior interferences.

How to cite this article
Ahuja S, Wicks R, Cagna D, Brandt R, Scarbecz M. Immediate Effect of Occlusal Errors on Masticatory Muscle Activity in Denture Wearers: A Pilot Study. Int J Exper Dent Sci, 2012;1(1):1-7.
Stress in the Mandible with Splinted Dental Implants caused by Limited Flexure on Mouth Opening: An in vitro Study
Authors: Erdohelyi Balázs , Szabó Péter István , Varga Endre 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the stress developed in the bar connecting implants and in the mandible as a result of the elastic deformation of the mandible during mouth opening when using a finite element method (FEM).

Materials and methods
A three-dimensional model of an edentulous mandible was generated based on the computer tomography (CT) data of a patient. Two cylindrical implants (diameter 4.3 mm, length 13 mm) were inserted in the area of the mandibular canine, premolar and molar in the mandibular model. Implants were connected with a rigid bar (width 2 mm, height 3 mm), and mouth opening was simulated on the threedimensional (3D) model. The location and magnitude of maximum von Misess stress that occurred in the mandible and in the bar were estimated.

Results
The highest stress level in the mandible (4.5 GPa) and in the splint (32 GPa) was measured in the longest fixed partial denture with the implants in the mandibular left canine and left second molar position. The maximum stress in the bone was measured distal to the splinted implants.

Conclusion
Since, great distance between splinted implants caused high stress during mouth opening, due to mandibular deformation, the use of a short span fixed partial denture supported by implants in the molar region of the edentulous mandible is probably more advantageous.

How to cite this article
Radnai M, Erdohelyi B, Szabó PI, Varga E. Stress in the Mandible with Splinted Dental Implants caused by Limited Flexure on Mouth Opening: An in vitro Study. Int J Exper Dent Sci, 2012;1(1):8-13.
Cellular Angiofibroma of the Buccal Mucosa: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Bokhari Kamran , Manikandan Luqman , Mohammad Ajmal , Shahul Mohammad , Bagi Mustafa Abdul , Kota Zaheer 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Background
Cellular angiofibromas are rare benign mesenchymal neoplasms characterized by spindle cell component and numerous small vessels. They are commonly well-circumscribed, localized in the superficial soft tissues. The lesion is more frequently seen in the inguinoscrotal or vulvovaginal regions and occurs equally in men and women, and rarely involves oral cavity. Due to its clinical and histological similarity with other mesenchymal tumors, such as angiomyoma, hemangioma, lymphangioma and hemangiopericytoma, angiofibroma presents a diagnostic dilemma.

Case report
Very few cases of angiofibroma involving maxillofacial region have been reported in the literature. This case report involves cellular angiofibroma involving left buccal mucosa in a 23-year-old female patient. Following detailed clinical examination, radiological interpretation and histopathological diagnosis, surgical excision was performed. The patient was followed-up on a regular basis and was disease free.

Summary and conclusion
Benign angiofibroma involving oral cavity is a rare tumor. There is a close resemblance of this tumor with other mesenchymal lesions and, thus, faces a diagnostic challenge. Surgical excision with a long-term followup gives good prognosis to this lesion—benign cellular angiofibroma.

How to cite this article
Bokhari K, Manikandan L, Mohammad A, Shahul M, Bagi MA, Kota Z. Cellular Angiofibroma of the Buccal Mucosa: A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature. Int J Exper Dent Sci 2012;1(1):23-25.
Primary Extranodal B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Shaik Mohammed Asif , Waghray Shefali , Kaleem Sultan Mohammed , Morrthy Surekha , Shaheen Naheeda 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) constitutes a diverse group of lymphoid neoplasm that differs in manner of presentation, response to therapy and prognosis. They are less predictable and have a greater prediction to disseminate to extranodal sites. Their incidence has been increased over the last four decades and, head and neck is the second most common region for the extranodal lymphomas after that of gastrointestinal tract. Approximately 2.5% of malignant lymphomas arise in the oral and paraoral region. Generally, the oral manifestations of NHL are secondary to a more widespread involvement throughout the body. The cause of NHL is still unclear. Most of the lymphomas have been shown to be predominant of B-lineage. We present a case of a B-cell lymphoma with nodal and extranodal involvement.

How to cite this article
Shaik MA, Waghray S, Kaleem SM, Morrthy S, Shaheen N. Primary Extranodal B-cell Lymphoma. Int J Exper Dent Sci, 2012;1(1):30-33.
Anesthetic Management of a Case with Moebius Syndrome
Authors: Arpaci Hande , Kadioglu Merve N , Tuzuner-Oncul Aysegul M 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT
Moebius syndrome is neurological disease of unknown etiology which is characterized by bilateral and unilateral facial and abducens nerve congenital paralysis. This syndrome usually presents with intubation difficulty due to the craniofacial anomaly and surgical interventions are required for treatment of inadequate chewing, swallowing, coughing reflex and hypotonicity, aspiration and respiratory problems. The aim of this case report is to present anesthesia technique during the extraction of 19 tooth in 2.5-year-old girl with severe hypotonia and possible difficult intubation due to craniofacial anomaly.

How to cite this article
Arpaci H, Kadioglu MN, Tuzuner-Oncul AM. Anesthetic Management of a Case with Moebius Syndrome. Int J Exper Dent Sci, 2012;1(1):37-39.