bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioavailability and Interaction of Si and P in a Coastal Saline Soil Amended with Pig Slurry
Authors: Song Zhaoliang , Shan Shengdao , Song Zheyue 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effects of widely applied organic waste amendment on soil Si and P bioavailability and their interaction have rarely been investigated. The study examined bioavailability and interaction of Si and P in response to pig slurry (PS) amendment in a coastal saline (CS) soil. The final purposes of the study are to assess fertilizer Si and P needs and to ensure environmental quality. The results show that PS amendment can cause accumulation of bioavailable Si in surface soil (0–20 cm), and significantly improve both soil bioavailable P content and soil P lability through PS‐Si and P input, and by the input of PS‐organic matter (OM) and enhancing the complexation of OM with soil Si and P. As a result of the Si‐P competitive sorption, Si shows a more rapid increase in bioavailability than P at the preliminary stage of PS amendment. However, under the weakly alkaline conditions as a result of relatively long term PS amendment, the fixation capacity of Si by soil solid components increases causing a rapider decline of Si bioavailability than that of P.
Equilibrium Uptake and Bioaccumulation of Basic Violet 14 Using Submerged Macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata
Authors: Saranya Gopalakrishnan , Saravanan Panneerselvam , Dharmendira Kumar Mahendradas , Renganathan Sahadevan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe percentage removal and uptake capacity of Basic Violet 14 using Hydrilla verticillata with living biomass was studied under batch conditions. The survival of H. verticillata was studied using the chlorophyll content in the living biomass. Bioaccumulation of Basic Violet 14 using H. verticillata was tested by varying the wet sorbent dosage (0.5–2.5 g), initial pH (3–8), and initial dye concentrations (5–25 mg L−1). The results show that the plant was effectively accumulating the Basic Violet 14 dye. The uptake capacity of Basic Violet 14 dye was observed as 5.9 and 21.3 mg g−1 at the initial dye concentration of 5 and 25 mg L−1, respectively, for a biomass of 5 g L−1 (wet weight) at pH 7.0 for 144 h. In general, the plant growth was found to be normal at lower concentrations and showed higher removal efficiency. It was also observed that removal efficiency of H. verticillata was found to decrease with increase in initial dye concentration. The biomass sample surface was analyzed using SEM imaging and functional groups present in the biomass were analyzed using FTIR. The equilibrium uptake capacity was analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The equilibrium data was found to be fit well to both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models with higher coefficient of determination.
A LC‐MS analysis of acamprosate from human plasma: pharmacokinetic application
Authors: Ghosh Chinmoy , Jha Vijay , Shinde Chandrakant P. , Chakraborty Bhaswat S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA rapid and highly sensitive method for the determination of acamprosate (ACM), in human plasma using ESI‐LC‐MS/MS (electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry) in negative ionization polarity in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode was developed and validated. The procedure involves a simple protein precipitation step. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Hypersil BDS C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) with an isocratic mobile phase and a total run time of 2.5 min. The standard calibration curves were linear within the range of 7.04–702.20 ng/mL for ACM (r ≥ 0.990). This study briefly describes the role of ion source design on matrix effects. ACM shows matrix effects in z‐spray ionization source design, whereas it has no matrix effects in orthogonal spray ion source design. This method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration of acamprosate 333 mg tablet in Indian healthy male volunteers. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Terpyridine Oxovanadium(IV) Complexes of Phenanthroline Bases for Cellular Imaging and Photocytotoxicity in HeLa Cells
Authors: Banik Bhabatosh , Sasmal Pijus K. , Roy Sovan , Majumdar Ritankar , Dighe Rajan R. , Chakravarty Akhil R. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOxovanadium(IV) complexes [VO(N‐N‐N)(N‐N)](NO3)2 (1–4) of (4′‐phenyl)‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine (ph‐tpy in 1 and 2) or (4′‐pyrenyl)‐2,2′:6′,2″‐terpyridine (py‐tpy in 3 and 4) having N‐N as 1,10‐phenanthroline (phen in 1 and 3) or dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine (dppz in 2 and 4) are prepared and characterized. The crystal structure of 1 has VO2+ group in VN5O coordination geometry. The terpyridine ligand coordinates in a meridional binding mode. The phen ligand displays a chelating mode of binding with an N‐donor site trans to the vanadyl oxo group. The complexes show a d‐d band in the range of 710–770 nm in aqueous DMF (4:1 v/v). The complexes exhibit an irreversible VIV/VIII redox response near –1.0 V vs. SCE in aqueous DMF/0.1 M KCl. The complexes bind to CT DNA giving Kb values within 3.5 × 105 to 1.2 × 106 M–1. The complexes show poor chemical nuclease activity in dark. Complexes 2–4 show photonuclease activity in UV‐A light of 365 nm forming 1O2 and ·OH. Complex 4 shows DNA photocleavage activity at near‐IR light of 785 nm forming ·OH radicals. Complexes 2 and 4 show significant photocytotoxicity in HeLa cancer cells. Uptake of the complexes in HeLa cells, studied by fluorescence imaging, show predominantly cytosolic localization inside the cells.
Sulfoxygenation of Active Site Models of [NiFe] and [FeFe] Hydrogenases – A Commentary on Possible Chemical Models of Hydrogenase Enzyme Oxygen Sensitivity
Authors: Darensbourg Marcetta Y. , Weigand Wolfgang 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe organometallic active sites in [NiFe]‐ and [FeFe]H2ases are sensitive to oxygen in varying degrees. The microorganisms that utilize these enzymes for their hydrogen metabolism, and the enzymes themselves, have evolved from a reducing to an oxidizing environment in ways to avoid competition with oxygen, primarily by burying the active site machinery deeply within the protein matrix. In the case of [NiFe]H2ase, biological studies indicate that repair mechanisms exist for reversible O2‐inhibition processes. This Microreview explores the possibility that S‐oxygenation may represent reparable O‐damaged enzyme active sites. Such S‐oxygenation has precedent in chemical models for the terminal thiolate sulfur atoms of the nickel site in [NiFe]H2ase as well as the bridging thiolate sulfur in the [FeFe]H2ase active site. A discussion of the processes of O2 damage leading to both reversible and irreversible enzyme inhibition, and reclamation of activity in the H2ases, as explored by various biochemical assays and spectroscopic methods, is also presented.
Green Wet Chemical Route for the Synthesis of Silver and Palladium Dendrites
Authors: Keita Bineta , Brudna Holzle L. R. , Ngo Biboum Rosa , Nadjo Louis , Mbomekalle Israel M. , Franger Sylvain , Berthet Patrick , Brisset François , Miserque Frederic , Ekedi Georges A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA novel and very effective wet chemical route for the preparation of metal dendritic nanostructures was developed by starting from VOSO4 and Ag2SO4 (or K2PdCl4) in aqueous solution at room temperature. No template or surfactant was used. VOSO4 serves as the reducing agent for the silver salt, and the resulting silver nanoparticles and nanocrystallites are then arranged into dendritic structures. The morphologies of the dendrites are found to be heavily influenced both by the molar ratio and the concentrations of the reactants. Observation of symmetric and asymmetric dendrites with variations of these parameters supports the proposal that diffusion and oriented attachment of silver nanoparticles or crystallites might compete, to various extents, and dictate the final morphologies of dendritic nanostructures. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of a surfactant‐free, template‐free, fully inorganic wet chemical route to metal dendritic structures. The method was also successful in the preparation of palladium nanodendrites.
Synthesis of 6‐Nitro‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinoline: An Experimental and Theoretical Study of Regioselective Nitration
Authors: Cordeiro Alessandra , Shaw Julian , O'Brien John , Blanco Fernando , Rozas Isabel 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA revision of the literature on the nitration of tetrahydroquinolines yielded a number of inconsistencies. Thus, we have carried out a thorough study on the nitration of tetrahydroquinoline and several of its N‐protected derivatives both experimentally and at theoretical level. Usually, nitration is carried out in acidic conditions and, thus, tetrahydroquinoline would be N‐protonated; however, if the amino group is protected, the neutral system will be the one undergoing nitration. Different protecting groups have been explored varying, not only electronic and steric effects, but also deprotection conditions. Additionally, different reagents and reaction conditions have been investigated. From this study we have been able to achieve total regioselectivity for nitration at the 6‐position. A very detailed NMR study has been carried out to unequivocally characterise the four nitro isomers. In parallel, a computational study has been performed that is in agreement with the experimental results obtained. With this purpose, all the σ complexes of the four nitro isomers neutral and N‐protonated have been optimized both in gas and water condensed phases by using the B3LYP/6‐31++G** level of computation.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Sodium Tetraarylborates to 2,3‐Dihydro‐4‐pyridones and 4‐Quinolones by Using (R,R)‐1,2‐Bis(tert‐butylsulfinyl)benzene as a Ligand
Authors: Zhang Xiangyang , Chen Jun , Han Fuzhong , Cun Linfeng , Liao Jian 
Published: February 2011

Abstract(R,R)‐1,2‐Bis(tert‐butylsulfinyl)benzene as an efficient and simple ligand can be applied in the rhodium‐catalyzed asymmetric 1,4‐addition of sodium tetraarylborate reagents to N‐substituted 2,3‐dihydro‐4‐pyridones and 4‐quinolones. The reactions proceeded smoothly to provide the corresponding adducts in good yields (up to 92 %) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) under mild conditions.
Saline Intermolecular Pauson–Khand Reactions of Propargyl Amine
Authors: Ji Yining , Riera Antoni , Verdaguer Xavier 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDicobalthexacarbonyl complexes of propargylammonium salts with non‐nucleophilic counterions BF4– and TfO– were successfully prepared in excellent yields. The X‐ray structure of complex 7a with a [CoCl4]2– counterion is reported. In contrast to the corresponding free base, the salt complexes readily underwent stoichiometric and catalytic cyclization with norbornadiene, providing, in some cases, enhanced reaction rates.
New evidence on the age of some Lower Palaeozoic rocks near Llanafan‐fawr
Authors: Lockley M. G. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe discovery of a fauna of Lower Llandovery age in a conglomeratic deposit previously considered to be of “Bala” age has shown that there has been misunderstanding of the stratigraphical succession and structure of the rocks of the Towy anticline near Llanafan‐fawr. The stratigraphy of this Silurian succession is outlined; the fauna listed and pre‐existing palaeogeographical interpretations reconsidered.
Demand, selection and patient outcomes in German acute care hospitals
Authors: Schwierz Christoph , Augurzky Boris , Focke Axel , Wasem Jürgen 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThis paper examines the effects of variation in unexpected demand on patient outcomes in acute care German hospitals. Naturally, an unexpected surge in demand may negatively affect the quality of care and thus patient outcomes, such as in‐hospital mortality. We estimate models explaining patient outcomes depending on demand, unobservable patient selection and seasonal factors, as well as patient‐specific risk factors and unobservable hospital and department fixed‐effects. The main message of this analysis is that hospitals are well prepared to deal with this unexpected volatility in demand, as by and large it does not negatively affect patient outcomes. Hospitals seem to deal with high unexpected workload by steering the patients' length of stay relating to their severity of illness. Elective patients are discharged earlier, while discharges of high‐risk emergency patients are postponed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What is driving the black–white difference in low birthweight in the US?
Authors: Lhila Aparna , Long Sharon 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThis is a first effort to quantify the contribution of different factors in explaining racial difference in low birthweight rate (LBW). Mother's health, child characteristics, prenatal care, socioeconomic status (SES), and the socioeconomic and healthcare environment of mother's community are important inputs into the birthweight production function, and a vast literature has delved into obtaining causal estimates of their effect on infant health. What is unknown is how much of the racial gap in LBW is explained by all these inputs together. We apply a nonlinear extension of the Oaxaca–Blinder method proposed by Fairlie to decompose this gap into the portion explained by differences in observed characteristics and the portion that remains unexplained. Data are obtained from several sources in order to capture as many observables as possible, although the primary data source is the Natality Detail Files. Results show that of the 6.8 percentage point racial gap in LBW, only 0.9–1.9 points are explained by white–black differences in endowments across those measures, and of those endowments, most of the gap in LBW is explained by the differences in SES. The unexplained difference is attributed to racial differences in the returns to or the marginal product of investments in infant health. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Über Pterinchemie: 24. Mitteilung: Charakterisierung des 5,6,7,8‐Tetrahydropterin‐(THP)‐Radikals in saurer Lösung
Authors: Bobst A. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOne‐electron oxidation of 5, 6, 7, 8‐tetrahydropterine (THP) in acidic media has produced EPR signals with hyperfine structure. Deuterium exchange and perturbation of the THP molecule by methyl groups in different positions allow the interpretation of the observed splitting. It is shown that the free spin of the cationic THP radical is strongly localized in position N(5), which is in agreement with previous theoretical calculations.Der Autor dankt Herrn Prof. M. Viscontini für sein stetes Interessc an den vorliegenden Untersuchungen und Herrn Prof. R. T. Myers für eine Kopie des fortran‐Programms zur Simulie‐rung von ESR.‐Spektren. Der Aufenthalt in Berkeley wurde ermöglicht durch ein Stipendium des Schweizerischen Nationalfonds, wofür bestens gedankt sei. Für seine Gastfreundschaft und viele nutzbringende Anregungen gebührt Herrn Prof. M. Calvin besonderer Dank. Die Arbeit wurde teilweise von der U. S. Atomic Energy Commission unterstützt.
Cross‐border assistance in insolvency under Jersey law
Authors: Omar Paul 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAs an off‐shore financial centre, Jersey has not been immune from the global recession, which has brought consideration of cross‐border insolvencies and whether the right tools exist in domestic law to manage proceedings of this nature. It is the purpose of this article to outline the Jersey law relating to cross‐border assistance in insolvency. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Overexpression of the dynein light chain km23‐1 in human ovarian carcinoma cells inhibits tumor formation in vivo and causes mitotic delay at prometaphase/metaphase
Authors: Pulipati Nageswara R. , Jin Qunyan , Liu Xin , Sun Baodong , Zhao Yan , Pandey Manoj K. , Huber Jonathan P. , Ding Wei , Mulder Kathleen M. 
Published: February 2011

Abstractkm23‐1 is a dynein light chain that was identified as a TGFβ receptor‐interacting protein. To investigate whether km23‐1 controls human ovarian carcinoma cell (HOCC) growth, we established a tet‐off inducible expression system in SKOV‐3 cells in which the expression of km23‐1 is induced upon doxycycline removal. We found that forced expression of km23‐1 inhibited both anchorage‐dependent and anchorage‐independent growth of SKOV‐3 cells. More importantly, induction of km23‐1 expression substantially reduced the tumorigenicity of SKOV‐3 cells in a xenograft model in vivo. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting analysis of SKOV‐3 and IGROV‐1 HOCCs demonstrated that the cells were accumulating at G2/M. Phospho‐MEK, phospho‐ERK and cyclin B1 were elevated, as was the mitotic index, suggesting that km23‐1 suppresses HOCCs growth by inducing a mitotic delay. Immunofluorescence analyses demonstrated that the cells were accumulating at prometaphase/metaphase with increases in multipolar and multinucleated cells. Further, although the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein BubR1 was present at the prometaphase kinetochore in Dox+/− cells, it was inappropriately retained at the metaphase kinetochore in Dox− cells. Thus, the mechanism by which high levels of km23‐1 suppress ovarian carcinoma growth in vitro and inhibit ovary tumor formation in vivo appears to involve a BubR1‐related mitotic delay.
Prostate cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Bernatsky S. , Ramsey‐Goldman R. , Gordon C. , Clarke A.E. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOur research objective was to estimate prostate cancer risk in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), relative to the age‐matched general population. A progressive literature review was performed to identify SLE cohort studies with cancer registry linkage for cancer ascertainment. Data were pooled from four studies of large SLE cohorts who met these criteria. The total number of prostate cancers observed was derived by pooling the incident cases across all studies. The total expected number of prostate, derived from applying appropriate general population cancer incidence data to the observed number of patient‐years of follow‐up for each study, was similarly determined. The parameter of interest was the standardized incidence ratio (SIR), the ratio of observed to expected malignancies. The four studies together provided a pool of 6,068 male SLE patients observed for a total of 38,186 patient‐years (mean 6.3 years). Within these subjects, 80 prostate cancers were observed. In each contributing study, the number of cancers expected far exceeded that observed. The pooled SIR estimate for prostate cancer risk in males with SLE, compared to the general population, was 0.72 (95% CI 0.57, 0.89). These data suggest a decreased risk of prostate cancer in SLE; more definite conclusions require additional data. As alterations in androgen pathways can potentially alter prostate risk, a lower risk of prostate cancer in SLE could possibly be due to low hypoadrenergic states which some believe may occur in men with SLE; underlying genetic factors could also be at play. Further study of these issues in large cohorts is needed.
Acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid suppresses invasion of pancreatic cancer cells through the downregulation of CXCR4 chemokine receptor expression
Authors: Park Byoungduck , Sung Bokyung , Yadav Vivek R. , Cho Sung‐Gook , Liu Mingyao , Aggarwal Bharat B. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractNinety percent of cancer‐mediated deaths are due to metastasis of the tumor; however, the mechanisms controlling metastasis remain poorly understood. Thus, no therapy targeting this process has yet been approved. Chemokines and their receptors are mediators of chronic inflammation and have been linked to the metastasis of numerous cancers. More recently, the Cysteine X Cysteine (CXC) chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has emerged as a key mediator of tumor metastasis; therefore, identification of inhibitors of this receptor has the potential to abrogate metastasis. In this report, we demonstrate that acetyl‐11‐keto‐β‐boswellic acid (AKBA), a component of the therapeutic plant Boswellia serrata, can downregulate CXCR4 expression in pancreatic cancer cells. The reduction in CXCR4 induced by this terpenoid was found to be cell‐type specific, as its expression was also abrogated in leukemia, myeloma and breast cancer cell lines. Neither proteasome inhibitors nor lysosomal stabilization could prevent the AKBA‐induced reduction in CXCR4 expression. This downregulation occurred at the transcriptional level. Suppression of CXCR4 by AKBA was accompanied by the inhibition of pancreatic cancer cell invasion, which is induced by CXCL12, the ligand for CXCR4. In addition, abrogation of the expression of chemokine receptor by AKBA was found in human pancreatic tissues from orthotopic animal model. AKBA also abolished breast tumor cell invasion, and this effect correlated with the disappearance of both the CXCR4 messenger RNA and CXCR4 protein. Overall, our results show that AKBA is a novel inhibitor of CXCR4 expression and, thus, has the potential to suppress the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.
Expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase and CD133 defines ovarian cancer stem cells
Authors: Kryczek Ilona , Liu Suling , Roh Michael , Vatan Linhua , Szeliga Wojciech , Wei Shuang , Banerjee Mousumi , Mao Yujun , Kotarski Jan , Wicha Max S. , Liu Rebecca , Zou Weiping 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIdentification of cancer stem cells is crucial for advancing cancer biology and therapy. Several markers including CD24, CD44, CD117, CD133, the G subfamily of ATP‐binding cassette transporters (ABCG), epithelial specific antigen (ESA) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are used to identify and investigate human epithelial cancer stem cells in the literature. We have now systemically analyzed and compared the expression of these markers in fresh ovarian epithelial carcinomas. Although the expression levels of these markers were unexpectedly variable and partially overlapping in fresh ovarian cancer cells from different donors, we reliably detected important levels of CD133 and ALDH in the majority of fresh ovarian cancer. Furthermore, most of these stem cell markers including CD133 and ALDH were gradually lost following in vitro passage of primary tumor cells. However, the expression of ALDH and CD133, but not CD24, CD44 and CD117, could be partially rescued by the in vitro serum‐free and sphere cultures and by the in vivo passage in the immune‐deficient xenografts. ALDH+ and CD133+ cells formed three‐dimensional spheres more efficiently than their negative counterparts. These sphere‐forming cells expressed high levels of stem cell core gene transcripts and could be expanded and form additional spheres in long‐term culture. ALDH+, CD133+ and ALDH+CD133+ cells from fresh tumors developed larger tumors more rapidly than their negative counterparts. This property was preserved in the xenografted tumors. Altogether, the data suggest that ALDH+ and CD133+ cells are enriched with ovarian cancer‐initiating (stem) cells and that ALDH and CD133 may be widely used as reliable markers to investigate ovarian cancer stem cell biology.