bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wireline Formation Tester Complemented by Integrated Petrophysical Evaluation Characterizes an Unconventional Reservoir: A Case Study from Western Onshore India
Authors: Rai Kamaleshwar , Anjaneyulu J. V. , Tellapaneni Prasanna K. , Shukla Sourabh , Devkar Sambhaji 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The focus on unconventional opportunities is growing in several basins worldwide. As unconventional opportunities grow and develop, a reliable evaluation of unconventional resources and reserves poses a challenge to our industry. The novelty of many unconventional plays implies limited historical trends. Also, because no two unconventional plays are the same and variations within a play can yield significantly different results, the evaluation of such reservoirs is a challenge.
In the case study presented, a workflow is described in which trap wash overlying a fractured basement was successfully evaluated for the first time using the wireline-conveyed dual packer interval pressure transient testing (IPTT) technique. An integrated petrophysical evaluation including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used for hydrocarbon saturation and permeability determination in conjunction with classical openhole logs and other advanced logs. Borehole microimager-derived results were useful in detailed fracture characterization and optimization of the dual packer position for a successful IPTT operation that proved oil from the section above fractured basement.
A Workflow for Modeling and Simulation of Hydraulic Fractures in Unconventional Gas Reservoirs
Authors: Mirzaei M.. , Cipolla C. L. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Economic production from an unconventional gas reservoir is possible only if a complex fracture network can be created that connects a huge reservoir area to the wellbore effectively. This fracture network can be created by hydraulic fracturing. Several techniques can be used to present hydraulic fractures in a simulation model. In a simple model it is assumed that the fractures lie in the single plane of local tartan grid cells that best approximates the true geometric orientation of the fracture. The local refinement is symmetrically placed within the plane of host cells and has small cells close to the fracture that logarithmically increase in size away from the fracture. Explicitly calculated transmissibility multipliers on the faces of the cells that intersect the fracture are used to model the flow between matrix and the hydraulic fracture. The spacing and conductivity of the hydraulic fractures are critical parameters that control well performance.
A new reservoir modeling and simulation technique has been developed for these complex fracture networks that combines discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling and unstructured fracture (UF) modelingto simulate well performance and improve stimulation design. This is very important for modeling and simulation of a well with hydraulic fractures in a shale gas reservoir with natural fractures.
Results from this new model show a gas shale reservoir can be drained more effectively if a complex fracture network can be created by hydraulic fracture stimulation. In addition to a large increase in the production, the number of fracture treatment stages can be reduced if a high-conductivity fracture can be created, adding to the economic viability of the development of unconventional gas sources. The modeling and simulation technique presented in this paper can help identify stimulation and completion strategies that will significantly improve well performance and ultimate recovery from an unconventional gas reservoir.
Constraining Stress Tensors Using Shear Sonic Anisotropy Directions and Breakout Orientations in a Deviated Well, Western Offshore, India
Authors: Kumar Rajeev , Rao Dhiresh Govind , Swain Saraswat 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Knowledge of the magitude and direction of the three principal in-situ stresses is critical for performing wellbore stability analysis in order to optimize the mud weight program for drilling. In vertical wells, breakouts tend to occur parallel to the minimum horizontal stress direction, and the sonic fast shear azimuth (FSA) coincides with the direction of maximum horizontal stress. However, for arbitrary well deviations, breakouts and the FSA are not oriented 90 degrees to each other. Breakout orientations in a deviated well depend on well trajectory as well as in-situ stress magnitudes and orientations, which can vary from the scale of the regional to the well scale. We present a case study from western offshore, India, where breakouts associated with different well orientations were used to determine the in-situ stress regime and minimum horizontal stress direction. In addition, the stress-induced sonic fast shear azimuth at different well orientations was determined and analyzed using dispersion plots. The horizontal stress anisotropy was confirmed with crossover behavior on the fast shear - slow shear profile. Because the sonic fast shear azimuth and the breakout direction are complementary, careful evaluation of change in their orientation with well deviation improved inferred stress directions. The study concludes that a strike-slip stress regime (σH &gt; σv &gt; σh) exists, which is different from the previously determined stress regime. We further demonstrate that once stress state and stress directions are determined, wellbore stability analysis using a mechanical earth model (MEM) can be performed more accurately. In this study, a post-drill MEM that comprises rock mechanical properties, stress tensors, and pore pressure was used to investigate the causes of overgauged holes and drilling problems that occurred in the deviated wells in this region.
Intervention-Less Completions for Unconventional Shale Plays
Authors: Mason Jane , Tough John , Day Paul , Hatton Shirley 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
There is a very significant move today towards multiple zone fracturing operations in a single well where zones are separated and individually fractured, particularly in shale gas completions. This technique has to date involved the use of ball seat activated sliding sleeves located across each zone, with consequent reductions in internal diameter (ID) and attendant flow characteristic limitations or selective perforating, fracing and isolation with a bridge plug in a cemented casing string while working up the hole. Both approaches involve many downhole intervention operations such as perforating, shifting sleeves, running plugs and subsequently milling them up with coiled tubing (CT) intervention, all of which extend the length of the operation and add to the overall costs.
To simplify the process of multiple fracturing operations, especially in open hole, a new approach has been designed which uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) techniques to remotely operate sliding sleeves. The number of sleeves that can be run in a well using this technology is essentially unlimited, each one having the same ID and a unique electronic address which allows it to be operated remotely at will. This approach provides for a means of making considerably more zones available for treatment without physical intervention with CT or wireline and thereby speeds the multiple frac operations and allows for wellbore clean up from the toe to the heel of the well.
In this paper the authors will describe the design and operation of the RFID operated frac sleeves and the advantages they provide. They will go on to detail the Worlds’ first remotely operated horizontal openhole frac completion where frac sleeves and swell packers were used in an extended reach horizontal shale gas well.
The Absolute Arithmetic Continuum and the Unification Of all Numbers Great and Small
Authors: Ehrlich Philip 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn his monographOn Numbers and Games, J. H. Conway introduced a real-closed field containing the reals and the ordinals as well as a great many less familiar numbers including −ω, ω/2, 1/ω,and ω − π to name only a few. Indeed, this particular real-closed field, which Conway callsNo, is so remarkably inclusive that, subject to the proviso that numbers—construed here as members of ordered fields—be individually definable in terms of sets of NBG (von Neumann–Bernays–Gödel set theory with global choice), it may be said to contain “All Numbers Great and Small.” In this respect,Nobears much the same relation to ordered fields that the system ℝ of real numbers bears to Archimedean ordered fields.In Part I of the present paper, we suggest that whereas ℝ should merely be regarded as constituting an arithmetic continuum (modulo the Archimedean axiom),Nomay be regarded as a sort of absolute arithmetic continuum (modulo NBG), and in Part II we draw attention to the unifying frameworkNoprovides not only for the reals and the ordinals but also for an array of non-Archimedean ordered number systems that have arisen in connection with the theories of non-Archimedean ordered algebraic and geometric systems, the theory of the rate of growth of real functions and nonstandard analysis.In addition to its inclusive structure as an ordered field, the systemNoof surreal numbers has a rich algebraico-tree-theoretic structure—a simplicity hierarchical structure—that emerges from the recursive clauses in terms of which it is defined. In the development ofNooutlined in the present paper, in which the surreals emerge vis-à-vis a generalization of the von Neumann ordinal construction, the simplicity hierarchical features ofNoare brought to the fore and play central roles in the aforementioned unification of systems of numbers great and small and in some of the more revealing characterizations ofNoas an absolute continuum.
Second Order Logic or Set Theory?
Authors: Väänänen Jouko 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe try to answer the question which is the “right” foundation of mathematics, second order logic or set theory. Since the former is usually thought of as a formal language and the latter as a first order theory, we have to rephrase the question. We formulate what we call the second order view and a competing set theory view, and then discuss the merits of both views. On the surface these two views seem to be in manifest conflict with each other. However, our conclusion is that it is very difficult to see any real difference between the two. We analyze a phenomenonwe call internal categoricity which extends the familiar categoricity results of second order logic to Henkin models and show that set theory enjoys the same kind of internal categoricity. Thus the existence of non-standard models, which is usually taken as a property of first order set theory, and categoricity, which is usually taken as a property of second order axiomatizations, can coherently coexist when put into their proper context. We also take a fresh look at complete second order axiomatizations and give a hierarchy result for second order characterizable structures. Finally we consider the problem of existence in mathematics from both points of view and find that second order logic depends on what we call large domain assumptions, which come quite close to the meaning of the axioms of set theory.
Medical Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: A Systematic Review
Authors: Miller Peter M. , Book Sarah W. , Stewart Scott H. 
Published: January 2012

Objective: To summarize published data on pharmacologic treatments for alcohol dependence alone and in combination with brief psychosocial therapies that may be feasible for primary care and specialty medical settings. Methods: We conducted electronic searches of published original research articles and reviews in MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Embase, and PsychINFO. In addition, hand searches of reference lists of review articles, supplemental searches of internet references and contacts with experts in the field were conducted. Randomized controlled studies published between January 1960 and August 2010 that met our inclusion/exclusion criteria were included. Results: A total of 85 studies, representing 18,937 subjects, met our criteria for inclusion. The evidence base for oral naltrexone (6% more days abstinent than placebo in the largest study) and topiramate (prescribed off-label) (e.g., 26.2% more days abstinent than placebo in a recent study) is positive but modest. Acamprosate shows modest efficacy with recently abstinent patients, with European studies showing better results than U.S. ones. The evidence-base for disulfiram is equivocal. Depot naltrexone shows efficacy (25% greater reduction in rate of heavy drinking vs. placebo, in one of the largest studies) in a limited number of studies. Some studies suggest that patients do better with extensive psychosocial treatments added to medications while others show that brief support can be equally effective. Conclusions: Although treatment effects are modest, medications for alcohol dependence, in conjunction with either brief support or more extensive psychosocial therapy, can be effective in primary and specialty care medical settings.
La « bestiole mystique »
Authors: Haza Marion 
Published: January 2012

Résumé La pulsionnalité pubertaire agit dans la thérapie, d’une façon brutale, crue, non symbolisée. L’ acting out est généré par l’émergence de nouveaux ressentis pulsionnels non encore élaborés et intégrés au Moi. La capacité créatrice de l’adolescent, portée par le clinicien, permet de sublimer la violence pubertaire et de trouver une voie de dégagement autre que pulsionnelle et sexuelle. Ici, c’est la « Bestiole Mystique » qui viendra symboliser le passage pubertaire et ses investissements.
Vivre adolescent en Israël
Authors: Cohen Solal Henri 
Published: January 2012

Résumé L’article témoigne d’une expérience de trente ans auprès d’une « jeunesse en danger », Noar Besikoum , rencontrée dans les maisons de jeunes Beit Ham en Israël. L’auteur montre en quoi le contexte social et historique, sur fond de conflit israélo-palestinien, influe sur la manière dont ces jeunes, en particulier les jeunes Israéliens, vivent et traversent l’adolescence.
Adolescents vivant au Liban : un processus identitaire en construction sous l'emprise d'une double menace
Authors: Kattar Antoine 
Published: January 2012

Résumé Cet article se propose de montrer ce qui se joue pour l’adolescent vivant au Liban au cours de sa formation identitaire, en cherchant plus particulièrement à comprendre le retentissement du contexte socio-historique du pays sur les difficultés psychiques que celui-ci éprouve et plus spécifiquement comment les caractéristiques de ce contexte résonnent avec les transformations liées à celles de la période adolescente. L’analyse d’un entretien clinique de recherche réalisé auprès d’un adolescent résidant à Beyrouth et les élaborations personnelles de l’auteur que son implication dans cette problématique l’a conduit à produire montrent la confrontation entre « l’expérience vécue au niveau de la crise personnelle » et celle vécue au niveau « de la crise politique ». L’hypothèse est posée d’un redoublement de la menace intrapsychique inhérente au processus de création adolescente par le poids de la menace externe émanant du contexte politique.
« Devenir un super-héros »
Authors: Bernateau Isée 
Published: January 2012

Résumé À travers le cas d’un adolescent au père violent, il s’agit de montrer que l’identité, notion processuelle et susceptible de remaniements, a besoin de s’étayer sur des modèles culturels collectifs aujourd’hui largement mondialisés, mais repris et utilisés de façon singulière par les sujets. La création d’une néo-identité qui s’appuie sur des modèles d’invincibilité et de toute-puissance est le signe que toute création identitaire ou tout mouvement d’affirmation subjective mobilise intrinsèquement une violence susceptible de mener à la haine de toute altérité.
Subjectivation-action chez A. Rimbaud
Authors: Pirlot Gérard 
Published: January 2012

Résumé À partir tant de la biographie que de l’œuvre poétique et des lettres d’Afrique d’A. Rimbaud, l’auteur propose trois hypothèses : premièrement, dans une première partie de sa vie, celle poétique, l’écriture de Rimbaud lui servit de déflexion et réfraction à la psyché afin de créer un espace tiers que le père ne sut/put occuper face à l’omniprésence maternelle. Dans la deuxième partie de sa vie se fut la vie en Afrique, lieu où avait vécu le père et « le droit de s’en aller » (Baudelaire) qui servirent cette « modalité déflexive », forme de « subjectivation-action » qui est le propre de l’adolescence. Deuxièmement, nombre de pièces poétiques d’A. Rimbaud furent, comme P. Aulagnier le montra ailleurs, autant de projections d’une reconstruction du passé sur l’avenir, opérations indispensables au narcissisme adolescent. Troisièmement, le mouvement mélancolique propre à la construction subjective adolescente trouve dans l’écriture poétique (génialement chez A. Rimbaud et habituellement chez les autres pubères, y compris dans les chansons) un objet évanescent et toujours à retrouver, compulsionnellement, dans et par un « travail d’écriture » confrontant celui-ci au « travail de mélancolie » de l’objet primaire perdu.
Evaluation of CO2 Laser Surgery for Early Carcinoma Larynx
Authors: Sharma Vijay K , Nilakantan Ajith 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of transoral endoscopic laser surgery in the treatment of early laryngeal cancers in comparison to external radiotherapy.Method: The patients included in the study were those who reported to the ENT department of a tertiary care hospital with early malignant lesions of the larynx.ResultOur study revealed a local recurrence rate of 15% in the radiotherapy arm but only 10% in the CO2laser arm; however, this difference was not statistically significant. The only parameter in the analysis of voice which showed a statistically significant difference between the two arms was roughness which was better in the radiotherapy arm at 6 months. The major complication following transoral CO2laser surgery was persistent hoarseness which was seen in six patients and it resolved completely on continuation of conservative measures. Severe laryngeal edema following treatment was seen in two patients. Statistically significant difference was noted in patient acceptability in favor of CO2laser.ConclusionEndoscopic CO2laser surgery in early laryngeal cancer leads to similar control of the disease as with the traditional methods, with better patient acceptability, low morbidity and good functional results.
Alterations in the Serum Lipid Profile in Patients with Oral Cancer, Oral Precancerous Lesions/Conditions associated with the Habit of Tobacco Consumption
Authors: Vahanwala Sonal , Pagare Sandeep , Dua Shilpa 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTThe changes in lipid profile have long been associated with cancer because lipids play a key role in maintenance of cell integrity. Lipids are the major cell membrane components essential for various biological functions including cell growth and division of normal and malignant tissues. Lower blood lipids have been associated with the etiology of breast and colorectal cancer, and relation has also been reported between low cholesterol and increased risk of cancer occurrence and mortality.The present study was designed to evaluate the serum lipid profile in patients with oral precancerous lesion/condition and squamous cell carcinoma to see whether there are any alterations in the lipid levels during the pathogenesis of these lesions and also to evaluate significance of lipid profile as biochemical marker, if any.
Hypofractionated Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Early Glottic Carcinoma
Authors: Hussain Raza , Jamshed Sarah , Majeed Uzma , Hameed Shahid , Jamshed Arif , Rehman Khaliq UR , Iqbal Hassan , Ali Muhammad , Hameed Natasha 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionGiven the high probability of cure, the aims of treatment are cure, laryngeal preservation and good voice quality while making effective use of available resources. In this study we analyze locoregional control (LRC) and survival following hypofractionated radiotherapy in early stage glottic squamous cell carcinoma treated at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Center.Materials and methodsBetween October 2003 and June 2009, 87 patients with early glottic squamous cell carcinoma were treated with hypofractionated radiotherapy. All patients were included in the study (M: 94%; F:6%). Median age was 60 years (range: 21-81 years). Sixty-six percent of patients were smokers. AJCC stage was T1 in 95% and T2 in 5% of the patients. Radiotherapy dose was 55 Gy in 20 fractions over 4 weeks. All patients were treated on cobalt-60. Median radiotherapy treatment time was 28 days (range: 23-35 days).ResultsThe LRC rate after primary radiotherapy at 5 years was 91% (95% CI: 88-94%). The 5 years overall and disease-specific survival was 86% (95% CI: 81 and 91%) and 97% (CI 95%: 95 and 99%) respectively. Patients with T1a and T1b disease had LRC rates of 95 and 88% (p = 0.32). The LRC rates for patients with and without anterior commissure involvement at 5 years were 80 and 96% (p = 0.02) respectively.ConclusionHypofractionated radiotherapy 55 Gy in 20 fractions is comparable to conventional fractionation schedules in terms of locoregional control and survival while offering potential for optimizing resources usage.
Spindle Cell Sarcoma of Submandibular Salivary Gland: A Rare Presentation
Authors: Dhoke Priti Rakesh , Harkare Vivek Vishwasji , Deosthale Nitin Vasant , Khadakkar Sonali Prabhakar , Dhote Kanchan Sandeep , Gurjar Gopal 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo report a rare case of spindle cell sarcoma of submandibular salivary gland, with intraoral extension with pathological dilemma.Case reportA 40-year-old male presented with swelling and pain in right submandibular area since 1 year. Right submandibular gland excision with intraoral mass excision was done with reconstruction of floor of mouth. Postoperative histopathology was suggestive of low-grade malignant tumor with differential diagnosis of acinic cell tumor, vascular tumor and myoepithelial tumor. The immunohistochemistry report revealed spindle cell sarcoma with high degree of vascularity. Based on this report postoperative radiotherapy was planned.ConclusionAccording to literature, spindle cell sarcoma of submandibular salivary gland has not been reported yet. This case is presented for its uniqueness of its site, extension and histopathological dilemma.
Diagnostic and Surgical Challenge in the Management of a Rare Tumor of Skull Base and Face
Authors: Senthil K , Kumar A Ravi , Saravanam Prasanna Kumar 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTAimWe report a rare case of lateral skull base hamartoma. The diagnostic dilemma, the therapeutic challenge and the importance of interdisciplinary approach to decrease the morbidity has been discussed.MethodWe report a rare case of a 48-year-old male with swelling over the left side of face and cheek for a duration of 12 years, who presented to us only for his cosmetic deformity and no functional impairment, after a thorough clinical examination and series of invasive and noninvasive investigations, was diagnosed to have a rare tumor hamartoma of skull base and face. A complete surgical excision without morbidity was made possible only by a multidisciplinary team approach. The investigation and surgical approach to reduce per operative morbidity has been discussed. Microscopic examination of the excised specimen with special staining techniques was conclusive for hamartoma. Patient has been on a regular follow-up for the last 2 years with no evidence of recurrence and functional compromise.DiscussionThe rarity of the tumor, the difficulty in diagnosis, management and prognosis of hamartoma have been discussed.ConclusionHamartoma of the infratemporal fossa is a rare tumor and those originating in this surgically challenging site are even rarer. Further their close proximity to vital structures in head and neck poses a formidable challenge in their diagnosis and surgical management to achieve a good cosmetic and functional result.