bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic impact of microscopic positive margin in gastric cancer patients
Authors: Nagata Tomoyuki , Ichikawa Daisuke , Komatsu Shuhei , Inoue Koji , Shiozaki Atsushi , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Okamoto Kazuma , Sakakura Chohei , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundComplete resection with negative surgical margins has been a long‐held surgical philosophy based on the concept that even minimal remaining cancer cells will develop recurrences.ObjectivesThis study investigated the clinical significance of microscopic positive margin on the outcome of patients with gastric cancers.MethodsThe relationships between the margin status and other clinicopathologic factors were examined in gastric cancer patients undergoing gastrectomy, and then the prognostic impact of the margin status was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsThe microscopic positive margin was identified in 23 patients (2.8%) by standard H&E staining. The positive margin showed a strong correlation significantly with tumor size (P < 0.05). Microscopic positive margin was found to be a significant prognostic factor on univariate analysis (5‐year survival rate 51.9% vs. 82.2%, P < 0.0001), as well as multivariate analysis (risk ratio 3.24, 95% CI: 1.24–6.50, P < 0.01). Detailed analysis of margin status demonstrated that patients with positive margin in a deep site and/or in multiple layers showed poor survival.ConclusionsMicroscopic positive margin was found to be an independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. The status of the surgical margin might provide useful information for selecting additional treatments and performing intensive follow‐up. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:592–597. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Investigation of protein adsorption performance of Ni2+‐attached diatomite particles embedded in composite monolithic cryogels
Authors: Ünlü Nuri , Ceylan Şeyda , Erzengin Mahmut , Odabaşı Mehmet 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAs a low‐cost natural adsorbent, diatomite (DA) (2 μm) has several advantages including high surface area, chemical reactivity, hydrophilicity and lack of toxicity. In this study, the protein adsorption performance of supermacroporous composite cryogels embedded with Ni2+‐attached DA particles (Ni2+‐ADAPs) was investigated. Supermacroporous poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA)‐based monolithic composite cryogel column embedded with Ni2+‐ADAPs was prepared by radical cryo‐copolymerization of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with N,N′‐methylene‐bis‐acrylamide (MBAAm) as cross‐linker directly in a plastic syringe for affinity purification of human serum albumin (HSA) both from aqueous solutions and human serum. The chemical composition and surface area of DA was determined by XRF and BET method, respectively. The characterization of composite cryogel was investigated by SEM. The effect of pH, and embedded Ni2+‐ADAPs amount, initial HSA concentration, temperature and flow rate on adsorption were studied. The maximum amount of HSA adsorption from aqueous solution at pH 8.0 phosphate buffer was very high (485.15 mg/g DA). It was observed that HSA could be repeatedly adsorbed and desorbed to the embedded Ni2+‐ADAPs in poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) composite cryogel without significant loss of adsorption capacity. The efficiency of albumin adsorption from human serum before and after albumin adsorption was also investigated with SDS–PAGE analyses.
Application of thin metal film elements in bioanalysis
Authors: Juskova Petra , Foret Frantisek 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAdvanced metal deposition and microfabrication techniques enable preparation of metal surfaces with high precision and excellent control over their size and shape with subnanometer resolution. Thin metal films of different types and functions can be found in many analytical instruments. Surfaces with high optical quality serve as mirrors, beam splitters, antireflective coatings etc. Smooth metal coating is crucial in electron microscopy. Unique properties of the thin metal films are widely used in optical systems, as tools for sample manipulation but also for chemical sensing and detection. While some of the applications are widespread and belong to the basic curriculum in analytical chemistry, the newer or less common uses of thin metal films are well known only to the experts in the field. The purpose of this critical review is to highlight the role of thin metal films in bioanalysis and summarize some of their main applications in current bioanalytical instrumentation.
Preparation of metal wire supported solid‐phase microextraction fiber coated with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Feng Juanjuan , Sun Min , Xu Lili , Li Jubai , Liu Xia , Jiang Shengxiang 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMulti‐walled carbon nanotubes‐coated solid‐phase microextraction fiber was prepared by a novel protocol involving mussel‐adhesive‐protein‐inspired polydopamine film. The polydopamine was used as binding agent to immobilize amine‐functionalized multi‐walled carbon nanotubes onto the surface of the stainless steel wire via Michael addition or Schiff base reaction. Surface properties of the fiber were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscope. Six phenols in aqueous solution were used as model compounds to investigate the extraction performance of the fiber and satisfactory results were obtained. Limit of detection was 0.10 μg/L for 2‐methylphenol (2‐MP) and 4‐methylphenol (4‐MP), and 0.02 μg/L for 2‐ethylphenol (2‐EP), 4‐ethylphenol (4‐EP), 2‐tert‐butylphenol (2‐t‐BuP), and 4‐tert‐butylphenol (4‐t‐BuP), which were much lower than commercial fiber and fibers made in laboratory. RSDs for one unique fiber are in the range of 1.92–7.00%. Fiber‐to‐fiber (n=3) reproducibility ranges from 4.44 to 8.41%. It also showed very high stability and durability to acid, alkali, organic solvent, and high temperature. Real water sample from Yellow river was applied to test the reliability of the established solid‐phase microextraction (SPME)‐GC method and recoveries with addition level at 5 and 100 μg/L were in the range from 81.5 to 110.0%.
Authentication of marine oils using 13C NMR spectroscopy
Authors: Standal Inger B. , Axelson David E. , Aursand Marit 
Published: July 2011

AbstractNMR spectroscopy has been particularly valuable in the study of lipids, since it provides qualititative and quantitative information on chemically diverse compounds in a non‐destructive and non‐selective fashion. NMR gives a fingerprint of the sample analyzed and may be used as a rapid profiling technique. Combined with chemometrics and databases with relevant authentic samples, 13C NMR is a powerful tool for authentication of marine oils.
Metathesis applied to unsaturated lipid compounds
Authors: Behr Arno , Krema Stephanie 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe metathesis of unsaturated oleochemicals is an excellent tool to generate useful products based on easily available raw materials. Through various types of metathesis different classes of substances can be produced. Metathesis reactions are of particular interest because they are 100% atom‐efficient, that is no by‐products are formed. Also, metathesis reactions can be carried out under mild reaction conditions with high conversions of the fatty substrates and high yields of target products. With oleochemical metathesis it may become possible to replace some petrochemical processes and to generate products which are otherwise only poorly accessible. In this short review, several homogeneous metathesis reactions that may lead to products of industrial importance are presented and discussed.
On harmonic functions for trace processes
Authors: Kim Panki , Song Renming , Vondraček Zoran 
Published: July 2011

AbstractLet X be a standard Markov process with state space E and let F be a closed subset of E. A nonnegative function f on F is extended probabilistically to a function hf on the whole space E. We show that the extension hf is harmonic with respect to X provided that f is harmonic with respect to Y, the trace process on F of the process X. A consequence is that if the Harnack inequality holds for X, it also holds for the trace process Y. Several examples illustrating the usefulness of the result are given.
Minimal bundles and fine moduli spaces
Authors: Hein Georg 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe study coherent sheaves E on a smooth projective curve X which are minimal with respect to the property that h0(E⊗L) > 0 for all line bundles L of degree zero on X. We show that these sheaves define ample divisors D(E) on the Picard torus Pic0(X) (see Theorem 3.3). Next we classify all minimal sheaves of rank one (see Theorem 4.3) and two (see Theorem 4.4). As an application we show (see Proposition 5.5) that the moduli space parameterizing rank two bundles of odd degree can be obtained as a Quot scheme.
PLCζ and its role as a trigger of development in vertebrates
Authors: Ito Junya , Parrington John , Fissore Rafael A. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA major unresolved issue in developmental biology is the precise mechanism whereby the sperm activates the oocyte. With the discovery that calcium signals are the primary trigger for oocyte activation, a key remaining question became the identification of the signaling protein that mediates such calcium signals at fertilization. A major step forward came in 2002 with the discovery of a sperm‐specific mammalian phospholipase C called phospholipase C zeta (PLCζ), which had the expected properties of the mammalian oocyte activation factor and was subsequently identified in other vertebrate groups. Most recently, defects in PLCζ have been shown to be linked to certain types of male infertility in humans. Despite these advances, many questions remain about the precise mechanism of action of PLCζ and the extent of its role during oocyte activation in the vertebrate kingdom. In this review, we will look at the current state of understanding of PLCζ's mechanism of action and physiological role in mammals and other vertebrates, and identify areas of uncertainty that still remain to be resolved. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:846–853, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Indistinguishable transcriptional profiles between in vitro‐ and in vivo‐produced bovine fetuses
Authors: Jiang Le , Marjani Sadie L. , Bertolini Marcelo , Anderson Gary B. , Yang Xiangzhong , Tian X. Cindy 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDuring the past several decades, in vitro fertilization (IVF) has been increasingly used both in animal production and human infertility treatment. Animals derived from in vitro manipulation are occasionally associated with abnormal offspring syndrome (AOS) and other developmental abnormalities. By studying gene expression of in vitro‐produced (IVP) embryos/animals, we gain an indicator of how well this procedure mimics the in vivo environment. Most previous studies of this nature have focused on only a few genes at a time or have been limited to studying the pre‐implantation stage; a global view of how gene transcription may be influenced by in vitro procedures during fetal development has yet to be ascertained. To this end, we collected liver and placental tissue samples from IVP and in vivo control bovine fetuses at days 90 and 180 of gestation. We used a bovine 13K oligonucleotide microarray to investigate the transcriptional profiles in both tissues from IVP fetuses, and compared them with those of their age‐matched in vivo counterparts. Surprisingly, in both liver and placental tissues, the transcriptional profiles between IVP and control fetuses, at either 90 or 180 days of gestation, were indistinguishable. A total of 879 genes were found to be significantly regulated during liver development from 90 to 180 days of gestation, but there were no gene expression changes in the placental tissue during this developmental period. Quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR on 11 selected genes confirmed these results. Our results have certain implications for IVF technologies, both in agriculture and in human medicine. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:642–650, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma presenting as miller fisher syndrome
Authors: Usmani Nida , Bhatia Rita , Ikpatt Offiong F. , Sharma Khema R. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe report a patient with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who initially presented as Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) responsive to high‐dose immunoglobulin treatment. Detailed investigations for the recurrence of neurological symptoms revealed DLBCL that was responsive to chemotherapy. DLBCL should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with MFS who have worsening of their neurological condition after initial improvement with conventional therapy. Muscle Nerve 45: 138–143, 2011
Becker muscular dystrophy due to an inversion of exons 23 and 24 of the DMD gene
Authors: Flanigan Kevin M. , Dunn Diane , Larsen C. Aaron , Medne Livija , Bönnemann Carsten B. , Weiss Robert B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe use of hybridization‐based methods for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) mutation analysis is increasingly common. We report a case of Becker muscular dystrophy in which discrepant results between a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based single‐condition amplification/internal primer (SCAIP) and a comparative genomic hybridization assay incompletely characterized the mutation (an inversion of exons 23 and 24). These results demonstrate the limits of sensitivity and specificity of both tests, and highlight the need for more detailed analysis when intronic deletions are detected by comparative genome hybridization methods. Muscle Nerve, 2011
Hematoma risk after needle electromyography
Authors: Boon Andrea J. , Gertken Jon T. , Watson James C. , Laughlin Ruple S. , Strommen Jeffrey A. , Mauermann Michelle L. , Sorenson Eric J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Although needle electromyography (EMG) appears to be a relatively safe procedure based primarily on clinical experience, no evidence‐based guidelines exist for EMG procedures in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet medications. We sought to determine whether there is an increased risk of hematoma formation after EMG of potentially high‐risk muscles in patients taking anticoagulant or antiplatelet agents. Methods: After undergoing routine EMG, if any of seven predetermined high‐risk muscles were tested, study subjects then underwent ultrasound to evaluate for hematoma formation. Results: Patients were divided into three groups based on medication (warfarin, aspirin/clopidogrel, no blood‐thinning medication), with at least 100 muscles examined per group. Two small, subclinical hematomas were seen on ultrasound; there was no difference in hematoma risk between groups (P = 0.43). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that hematoma formation from standard needle EMG is rare even in high‐risk muscles, which have been avoided historically in anticoagulated patients. Muscle Nerve 45: 9–12, 2012
Dilated cardiomyopathy with conduction defects in a patient with partial merosin deficiency due to mutations in the laminin‐α2‐chain gene: A chance association or a novel phenotype?
Authors: Carboni Nicola , Marrosu Giovanni , Porcu Maurizio , Mateddu Anna , Solla Elisabetta , Cocco Eleonora , Maioli Maria A. , Oppo Valentina , Piras Rachele , Marrosu Maria G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractPatients with a partial reduction of merosin due to mutations in the laminin‐α2 chain gene usually present with a mild form of congenital muscular dystrophy or a limb‐girdle–like muscular dystrophy. To our knowledge, cardiac impairment has never been reported in such patients. A longitudinal study of a patient with partial laminin‐α2 deficiency secondary to mutations in the LAMA2 gene revealed dilated cardiomyopathy with ventricular arrhythmias. Is this a chance association or a novel phenotype? Muscle Nerve, 2011
A dose‐intensive approach (NB96) for induction therapy utilizing sequential high‐dose chemotherapy and stem cell rescue in high‐risk neuroblastoma in children over 1 year of age
Authors: Monnereau‐Laborde Sylvie , Munzer Caroline , Valteau‐Couanet Dominique , Ansoborlo Sophie , Coze Carole , Chastagner Pascal , Rubie Hervé , Demeocq François , Stephan Jean‐Louis , Hartmann Olivier , Perel Yves 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBackgroundTo improve outcome and overall survival (OS) in high‐risk neuroblastoma, NB96 induction therapy was intensified using sequential high‐dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell rescue.ProcedureTwenty children were included in this pilot study undertaken at seven reference centers in France, between May 1995 and October 1996. Induction began with one cycle of conventional chemotherapy followed by six sequential cycles of high‐dose chemotherapy comprising two cycles of etoposide 800 mg/m2/day over 3 days, two cycles of cyclophosphamide 2,000 mg/m2/day over 3 days, and two cycles of carboplatin 400 mg/m2/day over 5 days, followed by stem cell rescue.ResultsThirteen patients (13/20) received this induction with acceptable toxicity and adequate stem cell harvest. Of these, nine (9/13) underwent surgery according to the protocol, while one patient was given a consolidation regimen prior to surgery. No toxic death was recorded. At the end of induction, complete remission was achieved in 10 cases (50%), with six still alive in July 2009. The 5‐year event‐free survival and OS were 35 ± 11% and 40 ± 11%, respectively.ConclusionNB96 therapy is feasible and tolerated without lethal toxicity. Nevertheless, given the small sample size and absence of randomization in our study, the effectiveness of this strategy based on metastasis complete response rates and long‐term outcome was not superior to other intensive chemotherapy regimens. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011; 57: 965–971. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Massive accidental overdose of hydroxyurea in a young child with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Miller Scott T. , Rey Kathy , He Jin , Flanagan Jonathan , Fish Billie J. , Rogers Zora R. , Wang Winfred C. , Ware Russell E. ,   for the BABY HUG Investigators
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe Pediatric Hydroxyurea Phase III Clinical Trial (BABY HUG) confirmed safety and efficacy of hydroxyurea therapy for infants with sickle cell anemia. Treatment was associated with reduction in rates of pain, acute chest syndrome, hospitalizations, and blood transfusions; improved hematologic values; and, perhaps, preservation of organ function. During the study, a 2‐year‐old ingested at one time an entire 35‐day supply of hydroxyurea (612 mg/kg body weight). Despite a serum level of 7,756 µM 4 hours post‐ingestion, the only toxicity was transient mild myelosuppression. With wider usage of hydroxyurea anticipated, conservative management of future overdoses seems reasonable (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00006400). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 59: 170–172. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Estimates of observation‐error characteristics in clear and cloudy regions for microwave imager radiances from numerical weather prediction
Authors: Bormann Niels , Geer Alan J. , Bauer Peter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis article provides estimates of effective observation errors and their inter‐channel and spatial correlations for microwave imager radiances currently used in the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) system. The estimates include the error contributions from the observation operator used in the assimilation system. We investigate how the estimates differ in clear and cloudy/rainy regions. The estimates are obtained using the Desroziers diagnostic.The results suggest considerable inter‐channel and spatial error correlations for current microwave imager radiances, with observation errors that are significantly higher than the measured instrument noise. Inter‐channel error correlations are even stronger for cloudy/rainy situations, where channels with the same frequency but different polarizations show error correlations larger than 0.9. The findings suggest that a large proportion of the observation error originates from errors of representativeness and errors in the observation operator. The latter includes the errors from the forecast model, which can be significant in the case of humidity or cloud and rain.Assimilation experiments with single SSM/I fields of view highlight how the filtering properties of a four‐dimensional variational assimilation system are changed when inter‐channel error correlations are taken into account in the assimilation. Depending on the first‐guess (FG) departures in the channels used, increments can be larger as well as smaller in comparison with the use of diagonal observation errors. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Soudano‐Saharan depressions and their importance for precipitation and dust: a new perspective on a classical synoptic concept
Authors: Schepanski K. , Knippertz P. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractAccording to a classical synoptic concept, Soudano‐Saharan depressions (SSDs) are surface lows that track westward over tropical West Africa, curve anticyclonically across the Sahara and may then transform into eastward‐moving Mediterranean cyclones. Occurrence frequency and track location undergo a marked seasonal cycle. Interactions between troughs in the upper‐level westerlies and mid‐level African easterly waves have been suggested as a mechanism for their formation. SSDs have been reported to be associated with dust‐storms and precipitation over northern Africa.This paper presents the first‐ever systematic investigation of SSDs using re‐analysis and satellite data. Depressions are identified and tracked objectively based on closed contours in 0000 UTC fields of 925 hPa geopotential height from the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts ERA‐Interim re‐analysis (1989–2008). To classify as potential SSDs, tracks must: (i) start to the south of 20°N; (ii) intersect 15°–30°N, 10°W–30°E; (iii) cover a meridional distance of at least 10° latitude; and (iv) have a minimum lifetime of 24 hours.Even with a relatively low threshold of 4 gpm, only 50 potential SSDs are found (annual average 2.5, monthly range 0–6). Lagrangian and Eulerian composite analyses reveal that the identified systems: (i) are mostly shallow lee troughs of the central Saharan and Atlas Mountains during the warm season without a well‐defined cyclonic wind field; (ii) do not show the seasonal track variation described in the literature; (iii) mostly occur in association with high‐pressure anomalies over the Mediterranean Sea; and (iv) are not associated with significant increases in dustiness and precipitation. These results strongly suggest that the disturbances described as SSDs do not manifest themselves as traceable low‐level depressions, calling for a fundamental revision of the classical concept in the literature. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Output feedback transient stabilization and voltage regulation of synchronous generators
Authors: Verrelli Cristiano Maria , Damm Gilney 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYIn this brief note, we consider the transient stabilization and voltage regulation problem for a synchronous generator connected to an infinite bus. We show how a much simpler output feedback controller, compared with previous results, can be obtained if a different stability analysis is carried out: a suitable change of coordinates is performed so that advantageous triangularity properties of the regulation error dynamics are highlighted. A novel first order estimator for the uncertain mechanical input power is designed: it is the only adaptation scheme used by the controller. The innovative crucial step in the presented control design relies on relaxing the constraint imposed by the typically (previously) adopted back‐stepping techniques and constituted by the required availability of the regulation/tracking error variables: the converging estimate of the mechanical input power directly becomes the reference value for the electrical power and allows for the straightforward computation of the uncertain power angle constant value guaranteeing voltage regulation at steady state. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.