bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human centred design of Luminear, a digital wellbeing program for adults with hearing loss
Authors: Laird Emma C. , Barr Caitlin M. , Williams Zoe , Bryant Christina A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: This study uses a human-centred design (HCD) approach to co-create an accessible and personalised web-based intervention to address the psychosocial impacts of adults living with hearing loss.
Methods: Employing a HCD methodology, this project adapted a paper-based hearing wellbeing program into a web-based program incorporating iterative feedback from co-designers including adults with lived experience of hearing loss. The co-design team consisted of three researchers, five designers, and nine adults with lived experience of hearing loss. Further consultation was provided by a seven-member research steering committee.
Results: The HCD process led to development of Luminear, a digital hearing wellbeing program, that successfully integrated feedback from a diverse co-design team, leading to significant improvements in content accessibility, user engagement, and system usability. Iterative testing phases included low- and high-fidelity prototyping, culminating in a minimum viable product.
Conclusion: Future research will focus on conducting a feasibility study to prepare for efficacy testing in a randomised controlled trial. The HCD process underscores the importance of involving multidisciplinary teams and end-users in the design process to ensure that digital health interventions are both effective and user centred.
Prevalence and Level of Stress among Final-year Students at a Health Science Institute in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Jonaied , Pratik Mahmudul Islam Khan , Khan Abid Hasan , Islam Muhammad Shahidul , Hossain Muhammad Millat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Health science institutes can contribute to stress among final-year students, potentially leading to negative academic and professional outcomes, as psychological disorders like anxiety and depression are often underdiagnosed and untreated.
Methods
A prospective cross-sectional study involving 134 final-year students at Bangladesh Health Professions Institute (BHPI), in Bangladesh assessed stress using the Academic Stress Scale (ASS-40). Data was collected through face-to-face interviews and analyzed using SPSS software 25.0. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data which was retrieved from the participants.
Results
In this study, 31.40% of 134 participants were in a normal state, while 68.60% were in a stressful state. The highest level of stress was fear of failure, followed by personal inadequacy. Addressable stress areas included teacher-pupil relationship/teaching method. A negligible association (p > 0.05) was found between age of the participants and level of stress of the participants.
Conclusion
This implies that the educational system, means of teaching, teaching materials, system of materials, teachers as well as the services provided by the institutions cannot provide a conducive environment for effective learning as well as creating a secure future for the students as long as they are able to cope with the academic pressure. A student's educational career is being nipped in the bud due to the weak system of our education and institutional system.
Successful modified combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches to neoplasia with a non-exposure technique with semicircular seromuscular layer incision for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors near the cardia: a case report and video demonstration
Authors: Hara Hitoshi , Shimizu Seito , Muto Yasuhide , Kido Tomoki , Miyata Ryohei , Tokuda Moe , Takahashi Kyuichiro , Maesono Tomohiro , Ajihara Takahiro , Yagi Aki , Naritomi Takuma , Itabashi Michio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery (LECS) combines laparoscopic gastric resection and endoscopic techniques for local resection of gastric tumors, such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST), with minimal surgical margins. We describe a case that underwent a modified combination of laparoscopic and endoscopic approaches to neoplasia with a non-exposure technique (CLEAN-NET) approach, which is an LECS with a semi-circular seromuscular layer incision around the tumor to preserve the mucosal continuity, which acts as a barrier to avoid intraoperative tumor dissemination.
Case presentation:
A 43-year-old woman was referred to our hospital because of a gastric submucosal tumor near the cardia that was detected on medical examination. The patient was diagnosed with gastric GIST based on the results of endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. Modified CLEAN-NET was performed with a semicircular incision of the seromuscular layer on the opposite side of the cardia, making the surgical procedure simple and minimizing partial resection of the gastric wall, including the tumor, while preserving the cardia.
The operative time was 147 min, the preoperative blood loss volume was 3 mL, and the postoperative hospital stay duration was 9 days. The resected specimen revealed a minimal resection of the gastric wall, including the tumor. The cardia and gastric nerves were preserved, and the postoperative food intake was good.
Conclusions:
The modified CLEAN-NET with semicircular seromuscular layer dissection is a simple and reliable surgical procedure for GIST near the cardia.
Analysis of Risk Factors for Postoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis in Traumatic Spinal Fracture Complicated with Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: Yang Diao , Chen Shiwen , Zhuo Can , Chen Haidan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the risk factors for postoperative DVT in patients with traumatic spinal fractures complicated with Spinal Cord Injury(SCI). We conducted a retrospective analysis of 110 patients with traumatic spinal fractures and SCI admitted to our hospital from March 2021 to April 2024. DVT was diagnosed usingr ultrasound.Patient history, general data, surgical data, laboratory tests, and thromboelastogram (TEG) results were collected. The patients were divided into a DVT group and a non-DVT group according to the results of color ultrasound one week after surgery. The risk factors and diagnostic value were analyzed using binary logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves in both univariate and multivariate analyses. The incidence of postoperative DVT was 52.7% (58 / 110). Seven patients (6.4%) had proximal thrombus, and 51 patients had distal thrombus (46.4%). Multivariate and ROC analysis results showed that D-dimer, lower extremity, duration of bed, and MA values were independent risk factors for DVT in SCI, with D-dimer having the highest diagnostic value (AUC = 0.883). The AUC values for lower extremity, duration of bed, and MA were 0.731, 0.750, and 0.625. In conclusion, Postoperative D-dimer>5.065mg/l, lower extremity< 3, duration of bed, and MA value are independent risk factors for postoperative DVT in SCI patients, D-dimer having the highest diagnostic value.
Effect of genistein supplementation on microenvironment regulation of breast tumors in obese mice
Authors: Jin Shengzi , Zheng Yingce , Li Ding , Liu Xingyao , Zhu Tingting , Wang Shuang , Liu Zhonghua , Liu Yun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Obesity is an important risk factor for breast cancer in women before and after menopause. Adipocytes, key mediators in the tumor microenvironment, play a pivotal role in linking obesity with cancer. However, the potential of dietary components in modulating this link remains underexplored. Genistein, a soy-derived isoflavone, has shown promise in reducing breast cancer risk, attenuating obesity-associated inflammation, and improving insulin resistance. Yet, there are no reports examining whether genistein has the ability to reduce the breast tumor development effects of obesity. In this study, we constructed a mammary tumor model on ovariectomized obese mice and examined the effects of genistein on body condition and tumor growth. Meanwhile, the effects of genistein on tumor microenvironment were examined by experimental observation of peritumoral adipocytes and macrophages. In addition, we further investigated the effect of genistein on adipocyte and breast cancer cell crosstalk in co-culture experiments. Our findings indicate that dietary genistein significantly alleviates obesity, systemic inflammation, and metabolic disorders induced by a high-fat diet in ovariectomized mice. Notably, it also inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Genistein's impact extends to the tumor microenvironment, where it reduces the production of cancer-associated adipocytes (CAAs) and the recruitment of M2d subtype macrophages. In vitro, genistein mitigates the transition of adipocytes into CAAs and curbs inflammatory factors by activating PPAR-γ and degrading nuclear NF-κB. Furthermore, it impedes the acquisition of invasive capabilities and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells under CAA-induced inflammation, disrupting the Wnt3a/β-catenin pathway. Intriguingly, the PPAR-γ inhibitor T0070907 counteracted genistein's effects in the co-culture system, underscoring the specificity of its action. Our study suggests that genistein could mitigate the adverse effects of obesity on breast cancer by modulating tumor microenvironment. And these findings provide theoretical support for confirming that genistein can be used as a dietary component in the adjuvant treatment of obese breast cancer patients.
Prevalence of Burnout among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Jan Beebee Zeba Mahetaab Mubarak , Keenoo Bibi Sumera 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Burnout among healthcare workers has been a significant issue exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This review aims to synthesise the existing literature on the prevalence, signs, symptoms, and risk factors of burnout among healthcare workers during the pandemic.
Methods
This systematic review follows the PRISMA guidelines. We searched the Web of Science and Scopus for relevant studies published between January 2020 and December 2022. Inclusion criteria were studies reporting burnout prevalence among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. All healthcare workers were above 18years old and consent was obtained. Data were extracted and analysed using a structured framework.
Results
The review included 50 studies, with a total sample size of 30,000 healthcare workers. Prevalence of burnout varied significantly across regions, with the highest rates reported in Saudi Arabia (75%) and Kuwait (76.9%). Common symptoms included emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and reduced personal accomplishment. Key risk factors identified were high work demands, lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), and prolonged working hours.
Conclusion
The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of healthcare workers, leading to high burnout rates. Tailored interventions are needed to address this issue and support healthcare workers during global health emergencies
Binge eating as an emotional response to the Covid-19 pandemic: A sequential mediation model via the impact of events and social anxiety
Authors: Bianchi Dora , Tata Daniele Di , Norcia Anna Di , Pompili Sara , Fatta Laura Maria , Laghi Fiorenzo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The long-lasting consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of young people have become an emerging research topic, which still raises several questions for post-pandemic interventions at the individual and community levels. This research investigated the relationship between COVID-19 pandemic life events and the occurrence of binge eating behaviors in emerging adults, hypothesizing indirect effects of the emotional impact of pandemic events and social anxiety.
Methods
Data collection was conducted in November and December 2021 in Italy, involving 286 emerging adults aged 18 to 30 years (Mage = 20.20; SDage = 2.43; 69.6% women) who completed an online anonymous survey. Participants reported the pandemic-related stressors experienced in the last year (i.e., adverse life events; the number of days in quarantine), the long-lasting emotional impact of these experiences in the previous week (i.e., intrusive thoughts; avoidance of thoughts), social anxiety symptoms, and frequency of binge eating episodes. A serial mediation model was tested in line with the research hypotheses.
Results
Both the number of days in quarantine and the pandemic adverse life events in the last year were significantly and positively related to binge eating via the sequential indirect effects of (1) intrusive thoughts and (2) social anxiety.
Conclusion
Our findings provide support for the long-lasting effects of pandemic events and quarantine on youths’ mental health, with cascade effects on intrusive symptoms, social anxiety, and binge eating, with interesting implications for research, practice, and public health policies.
Species diversity, population density and habitat association of large carnivores in Maze National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Tolcha Abraham , Shibru Simon , Takele Serekebirehan , Dingamo Temesgen , Ayechw Belayneh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Carnivores help to maintain ecological balance by preying on herbivores and ensuring the survival of plants. However, large carnivores are experiencing continuous decline around the globe. This study was performed in the Maze National Park (MzNP), Ethiopia, for which no previous empirical data are available. We investigated the diversity, population density and habitat association from October 2020 to September 2022. Direct and indirect sampling methods were held using transect lines, call-up surveys and spoor tracking. The habitat differences for species abundance and seasonal effect were tested using the Chi-square. We hypothesized that the habitat quality and seasons affect the ecology of species. The lion (Panthera leo), leopard (Panthera pardus), cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) were recorded. The savannah grassland comprised a high abundance (Wet: 46.43%, Dry: 49.58%). The grassland with scattered tree habitat showed high species diversity and evenness (Wet: H’=1.33, J = 0.96; Dry: H’=1.38, J = 0.995), while the riverine forest showed the least (Wet: H’=0.943, J = 0.859; Dry: H’=0.803, J = 0.731). The estimated population density was 0.3–0.33 Panthera leo/km2, 0.14-021 Panthera pardus/km2, 0.09–0.098 Acinonyx jubatus/km2, and 0.2–0.23 Crocuta crocuta/km2. One-way ANOVA was used to compare species abundance among habitats, and the difference was significant (Dry: F = 5.848, df = 3, p = 0.011; Wet: F = 3.903; df = 3, p = 0.037). Our findings suggest that the MzNP has the potential to comprise large carnivores in a good population stand. We recommend that high emphasis be given to habitats for their substantial contribution to supporting the species.
Effects of process parameters of fast EDM drilling on the recast layer
Authors: Xuecheng Xi , Chu Hao-Yu , Li Bin , Zhao Wan-Sheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Fast EDM (electrical discharge machining) drilling is widely used in the machining of film cooling holes of aero-engine turbine blades. However, the EDM process will produce a recast layer, which will affect the surface performance of blades. Therefore, there is a need to explore the mechanism by which process parameters of fast EDM drilling can affect a recast layer. In this paper, the effects of process parameters on the recast layer thickness is studied in detail according to the electrical parameters (pulse-width-time (Ton), pulse-off-time (Toff), average current (Ip), capacitance (C), etc.), machine tool parameters (flushing pressure (P), tube electrode diameter (D), tool electrode rotation speed (n), etc.) of the high-speed electric spark small hole. According to the formation mechanism of the recast layer, the reasons for influences of different parameters on the recast layer are explored from a theoretical level, and the range of process parameters is selected according to actual machining conditions. Through the control variable method, the influence rules of various process parameter variables on the recast layer are explored one by one, and the variable parameter simulation is carried out by using a thermal-fluid coupling model, and the mathematical formulas of different process parameters affecting the recast layer are derived respectively. Combining the variable parameter simulation results and mathematical theory, the mechanism of different process parameters on the recast layer thickness is explored.
Amine Adsorbents Based on N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine for Carbon Dioxide Capture from simulated biogas
Authors: Bi shumei , Yang haiyan , Gong yue , Yu miao , Zheng jiamin , Shen ruibo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine (AEEA) was effectively loaded into a porous resin (ADS-17) using the impregnation method, resulting in the creation of a cost-effective solid amine adsorbent with a high CO2 adsorption capacity. The performance of this adsorbent was evaluated through dynamic adsorption studies, while its structure and morphology were analyzed using N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of organic amine loading, adsorption temperature, and gas flow rate on its CO2 adsorption performance were thoroughly investigated. The study revealed that under specific conditions—particularly with 40% amine loading at an adsorption temperature of 25°C and a gas flow rate of 150 mL/min—the CO2 adsorption capacity of the adsorbent reached an impressive 149.36 mg/g. Furthermore, even after undergoing five cycles of regeneration, the adsorbent demonstrated good adsorption performance, indicating its stability and potential for practical application.
How to establish and sustain a disease register: Insights from a qualitative study of six registers in the UK
Authors: Stubbs Edmund , Exley Josephine , Wittenberg Raphael , Mays Nicholas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
The advent of new chronic conditions such as long COVID-19 raises the question of whether and, if so, how best to establish new disease registers for such conditions. Prompted by the potential need for a long COVID-19 register, we examined experiences of existing UK disease registers to understand barriers and enablers to establishing and sustaining a register, and how these have changed over time.
Methods:
We undertook semi-structured interviews between November 2022 and April 2023 with individuals representing six disease registers that collect individual-level longitudinal data on people diagnosed with a chronic condition.
Results:
Registers examined were developed by a few individuals, usually clinicians, to gain a greater understanding of the disease. Patient voices were largely absent from initial agenda setting processes, but, over time, all registers sought to increase patient involvement.
Securing long-term funding was cited as the biggest challenge; due to limited funds, one of the registers examined no longer actively recruits patients. Charities devoted to the diseases in question were key funders, though most registers also sought commercial opportunities. Inclusion on the NIHR Clinical Research Network Portfolio was also considered a vital resource to support recruitment and follow-up of participants.
All registers have sought to minimise the primary data collected to reduce the burden on clinicians and patients, increasingly relying on linkage to other data sources. Several registers have developed consent procedures that enable participants to be contacted for additional data collection. In some cases, the initial patient consent and data sharing permissions obtained had limited the flexibility to adapt the register to changing data needs. Finally, there was a need to foster buy-in from the community of patients and clinicians who provide and/or use the data.
Conclusion:
We identified six key considerations when establishing a disease register: (1) include a diverse set of stakeholders; (2) involve patients at every stage; (3) collect a core data set for all participants; (4) ensure the data system is flexible and interoperable with the wider data landscape; (5) anticipate changing data needs over time; and (6) identify financial opportunities to sustain the register’s activities for the long term.
Spin freezing induced giant exchange bias in a doped Hund’s metal
Authors: Wu Tao , Li Shunjiao , Zhao Dan , Li Jian , Kang Baolei , Shan Min , Zhou Yanbing , Li Xuyang , Chen Xianhui 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Exchange bias (EB) is a fundamental phenomenon in widespread information technologies. However, a comprehensive understanding of its microscopic origin remains a great challenge. One key issue in the debate is the role of frustration and disorder in the EB mechanism, which motivates the exploration of the EB effect in spin glass (SG) systems. Here, in the SG state of Cr-doped Hund’s metal CsFe2As2, we discover a giant EB effect with a maximum bias field of ~ 2 Tesla, which is almost two orders of magnitude larger than that of traditional alloy SGs. Our results indicate that the giant EB effect should originate from the exchange interactions at the natural boundaries between the tunable ferromagnetic-like (FM) regions around the Cr dopants and the SG matrix, via which the FM spins are strongly pinned by the frozen spins in the SG matrix. In addition, the temperature-dependent and cooling-field-dependent EB behaviors could be interpreted well by the SG model with frustrated FM/SG boundaries, which provides an intuitive and explicit understanding of the impact of glassy parameters on the EB effect. All these results suggest that Hund’s metal or other correlated metals are promising directions for exploring the EB effect in the SG state.
Classification rule for ten year MACE Risk in Primary Care Tarragona Older Adults with type2 Diabetes. A CHAID decision-tree analysis.
Authors: Ribas Domingo , Forcadell M José , Vila-Córcoles Angel , Diego Cinta , Ochoa-Gondar Olga , Lujan Francisco Martin , Satué Eva 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This study developed a simple tool to predict the 10-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in T2DM patients over 60 years within primary care.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted on patients with T2DM who were over 60 years old in Tarragona, spanning from 01/01/2009-31/12/2018. Primary outcome was MACE, which included acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, and cardiovascular death, all of which were identified using ICD-9 diagnostic codes. Other variables were age, sex, comorbidities, risk factors, as well as clinical and laboratory parameters.
A Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) decision tree classification was utilized to assess the 10-year risk of developing a new MACE.
Results
5554 patients with T2DM were identified. Among the 4,666 with T2DM and without previous MACE, 779 patients went on to develop a new MACE.
The CHAID model categorizes individuals into three risk groups based on the primary predictor variable, which is age. For patients under the age of 71 with hypertension, having HDL-c levels less than 39 mg/dL increases the risk of developing a new MACE to 19.9%. Among individuals aged 71 to 75 years, having fasting glucose levels greater than 177 mg/dL elevates the risk to 27.2%.
Conclusion
Classification trees based on CHAID allow for the development of decision rules and simplify the stratification of cardiovascular risk in patients with T2DM, making it a valuable tool for risk assessment within a primary care setting.