bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ceria‐Based Solid Catalysts for Organic Chemistry
Authors: Vivier Laurence , Duprez Daniel 
Published: May 2010

AbstractCeria has been the subject of thorough investigations, mainly because of its use as an active component of catalytic converters for the treatment of exhaust gases. However, ceria‐based catalysts have also been developed for different applications in organic chemistry. The redox and acid–base properties of ceria, either alone or in the presence of transition metals, are important parameters that allow to activate complex organic molecules and to selectively orient their transformation. Pure ceria is used in several organic reactions, such as the dehydration of alcohols, the alkylation of aromatic compounds, ketone formation, and aldolization, and in redox reactions. Ceria‐supported metal catalysts allow the hydrogenation of many unsaturated compounds. They can also be used for coupling or ring‐opening reactions. Cerium atoms can be added as dopants to catalytic system or impregnated onto zeolites and mesoporous catalyst materials to improve their performances. This Review demonstrates that the exceptional surface (and sometimes bulk) properties of ceria make cerium‐based catalysts very effective for a broad range of organic reactions.
Cell microarrays for the screening of factors that allow the enrichment of bovine testicular cells
Authors: Anglin Emily , Davey Rhonda , Herrid Muren , Hope Shelly , Kurkuri Mahaveer , Pasic Paul , Hor Maryam , Fenech Michael , Thissen Helmut , Voelcker Nicolas H. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractCell microarrays can serve as high‐throughput platforms for the screening of a diverse range of biologically active factors and biomaterials that can induce desired cellular responses such as attachment, proliferation, or differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that surface‐engineered microarrays can be used for the screening and identification of factors that allow the enrichment and isolation of rare cells from tissue‐derived heterogeneous cell populations. In particular, we have focused on the enrichment of bovine testicular cells including type A spermatogonia and Sertoli cells. Microarray slides were coated with a copolymer synthesized from poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate and glycidyl methacrylate to enable both the prevention of cell attachment between printed spots and the covalent anchoring of various factors such as antibodies, lectins, growth factors, extracellular matrix proteins, and synthetic macromolecules on printed spots. Microarrays were incubated with mixed cell populations from freshly isolated bovine testicular tissue. Overall, cell attachment was evaluated using CellTracker™ staining, whereas differential attachment of testicular cells was determined by immunohistochemistry staining with Plzf and vimentin antibodies as markers for type A spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, respectively. The results indicate that various surface immobilized factors, but in particular Dolichos biflorus lectin, allowed the enrichment of Plzf positive cells. Furthermore, Pisum sativum lectin, concanavalin A, collagen type IV, and vitronectin were identified as suitable negative selection factors. To our best knowledge, this work is the first to demonstrate the utility of surface engineered cell‐based microarrays for the identification of factors that allow the selective capture of rare cells from tissue isolated heterogeneous mixtures. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The rho GTPase Rac1 is required for proliferation and survival of progenitors in the developing forebrain
Authors: Leone Dino P. , Srinivasan Karpagam , Brakebusch Cord , McConnell Susan K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractProgenitor cells in the ventricular zone (VZ) and subventricular zone (SVZ) of the developing forebrain give rise to neurons and glial cells, and are characterized by distinct morphologies and proliferative behaviors. The mechanisms that distinguish VZ and SVZ progenitors are not well understood, although the homeodomain transcription factor Cux2 and Cyclin D2, a core component of the cell cycle machinery, are specifically involved in controlling SVZ cell proliferation. Rho GTPases have been implicated in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of many cell types, and one family member, Cdc42, affects the polarity and proliferation of radial glial cells in the VZ. Here, we show that another family member, Rac1, is required for the normal proliferation and differentiation of SVZ progenitors and for survival of both VZ and SVZ progenitors. A forebrain‐specific loss of Rac1 leads to an SVZ‐specific reduction in proliferation, a concomitant increase in cell cycle exit, and premature differentiation. In Rac1 mutants, the SVZ and VZ can no longer be delineated, but rather fuse to become a single compact zone of intermingled cells. Cyclin D2 expression, which is normally expressed by both VZ and SVZ progenitors, is reduced in Rac1 mutants, suggesting that the mutant cells differentiate precociously. Rac1‐deficient mice can still generate SVZ‐derived upper layer neurons, indicating that Rac1 is not required for the acquisition of upper layer neuronal fates, but instead is needed for the normal regulation of proliferation by progenitor cells in the SVZ. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 70: 659–678, 2010
CD161 is a marker of all human IL‐17‐producing T‐cell subsets and is induced by RORC
Authors: Maggi Laura , Santarlasci Veronica , Capone Manuela , Peired Anna , Frosali Francesca , Crome Sarah Q. , Querci Valentina , Fambrini Massimiliano , Liotta Francesco , Levings Megan K. , Maggi Enrico , Cosmi Lorenzo , Romagnani Sergio , Annunziato Francesco 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe have previously shown that human Th17 lymphocytes are characterized by the selective expression of IL‐23 receptor (IL‐23R), CCR6, CD161, and the transcription factor retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor C (RORC), and originate from a CD161+CD4+ naïve T‐cell precursor in response to the combined activity of IL‐1β and IL‐23. We show here that not only CD4+TCRαβ+, but also CD8+TCRαβ+, CD4−CD8− TCRαβ+, and CD4−CD8− TCRγδ+ circulating lymphocytes that produce IL‐17 express the distinctive marker CD161 on their surface. In addition, we demonstrate that CD161 expression identifies CD8+ and CD4−CD8− umbilical cord blood T cells that already express RORC and IL‐23R mRNA and that can be induced to differentiate into IL‐17‐producing cells in the presence of IL‐1β and IL‐23. Finally, we provide evidence that umbilical cord blood naïve CD4+CD161− T cells, upon lentivirus‐mediated transduction with RORC2 can acquire the ability to express IL‐23R, IL‐1RI, and CD161, as well as to produce IL‐17. Taken together, these data allow to conclude that T‐cell subsets able to produce IL‐17, as well as precursors of IL‐17‐producing T cells, exhibit surface expression of CD161, and that this feature is at least in part RORC2‐dependent.
Pollen morphology of Iranian species ofTyphaL. (Typhaceae) and its taxonomic significance
Authors: Hamdi Seyed M. M. , Assadi Mostafa , Segarra‐Moragues José G. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractPollen analyses of 12 Iranian species ofTyphaL. were conducted through light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Among the twelve studied species, we found that five species,T. caspica,T. latifolia,T. lugdunensis,T. minimaandT. shuttleworthii, present pollen in tetrads, whereas the remaining seven species,T. angustifolia, T. azerbaijanensis,T. domingensis,T. grossheimii,T. kalatensis,T. laxmaniiandT. tourcomanica, have pollen in monads. The exine ofTyphaspecies is mostly reticulate although a few species present perforate‐microreticulate and rugulate exine. Our analyses revealed that using a combination of light microscopy and scanning eletron microscopy characters the identification of species is feasible. A diagnostic key based on palynological traits is presented for all studied taxa (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Valerij Ivanovič Grubov (1917–2009) und die pflanzengeographische Gliederung Zentralasiens
Authors: Hilbig Werner , Jäger Eckehart J. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA short obituary of V. I. Grubov, the well‐known investigator of the Flora of Central Asia, is presented together with a German translation of his last paper on the floristic division of Central Asia. Some comments on this paper, on his map of the phytogeographical division of Central Asia and on the English translation of the hitherto 19‐volume flora “Plants of Central Asia” are added.
The interspecific relationships of Astragalus species in Egypt assessed by the morphoanatomical characters of the pod
Authors: Mourad M. M. , Sharawy S. M. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe pod morphological and anatomical characters of 20 species, one sub‐species and five varieties of Astragalus out of the 32 species growing in Egypt were investigated by light and scanning eletron microscopy, and numerically analysed to show the inter‐ as well as the infra‐specific relationships. It was concluded that both A. trimestris and A. corrugatus show marked affinity to other species investigated in the present work (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Vicia kurdica (Papilionaceae), a new species from Iran
Authors: Jalilian Nastaran , Rahiminejad Mohammad Reza , Saeidi Hojatola , Maassoumi Ali Asghar , Maroofi Hosein 
Published: May 2010

AbstractVicia kurdica Jalilian sp. nova, is described from Iran and presented in line drawing. It is compared with the morphologically close related V. lathyroides L., V. cuspidata Boiss. and V. sativa L (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Induces Senescence in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells and Inhibits Tumor Growth†,‡
Authors: Senturk Serif , Mumcuoglu Mine , Gursoy-Yuzugullu Ozge , Cingoz Burcu , Akcali Kamil Can , Ozturk Mehmet 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Senescence induction could be used as an effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, major senescence inducers (p53 and p16Ink4a) are frequently inactivated in these cancers. We tested whether transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) could serve as a potential senescence inducer in HCC. First, we screened for HCC cell lines with intact TGF-β signaling that leads to small mothers against decapentaplegic (Smad)-targeted gene activation. Five cell lines met this condition, and all of them displayed a strong senescence response to TGF-β1 (1-5 ng/mL) treatment. Upon treatment, c-myc was down-regulated, p21Cip1 and p15Ink4b were up-regulated, and cells were arrested at G1. The expression of p16Ink4a was not induced, and the senescence response was independent of p53 status. A short exposure of less than 1 minute was sufficient for a robust senescence response. Forced expression of p21Cip1 and p15Ink4b recapitulated TGF-β1 effects. Senescence response was associated with reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) induction and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. The treatment of cells with the ROS scavenger

N

-acetyl-L-cysteine, or silencing of the

NOX4

gene, rescued p21Cip1 and p15Ink4b accumulation as well as the growth arrest in response to TGF-β. Human HCC tumors raised in immunodeficient mice also displayed TGF-β1–induced senescence. More importantly, peritumoral injection of TGF-β1 (2 ng) at 4-day intervals reduced tumor growth by more than 75%. In contrast, the deletion of TGF-β receptor 2 abolished

in vitro

senescence response and greatly accelerated

in vivo

tumor growth.

Conclusion:

TGF-β induces p53-independent and p16Ink4a-independent, but Nox4-dependent, p21Cip1-dependent, p15Ink4b-dependent, and ROS-dependent senescence arrest in well-differentiated HCC cells. Moreover, TGF-β–induced senescence

in vivo

is associated with a strong antitumor response against HCC.
An efficient reflection invariance region‐based image retrieval framework
Authors: Kao Chi‐Chou , Lai Yen‐Tai , Lin Chia‐Hui 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe shape context is used as the shape feature descriptor in a region‐based image retrieval system. However, a given image is uneasy to be retrieved if the images are reflected. To retrieve efficiently different images, an efficient reflection invariance region‐based image retrieval framework is presented in this article. In the proposed reflection invariance algorithm, the reflecting shape contexts together are first clustered and then label each cluster so that the shape contexts in each cluster have the same label. Using the histogram of label frequencies can quickly and efficiently search for similar or reflecting shapes. The experimental results have shown that our region‐based image retrieval system is effective and has better retrieval performance than the existing systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 155–161, 2010
Motion estimated and compensated compressed sensing dynamic magnetic resonance imaging: What we can learn from video compression techniques
Authors: Jung Hong , Ye Jong Chul 
Published: May 2010

AbstractCompressed sensing has become an extensive research area in MR community because of the opportunity for unprecedented high spatio‐temporal resolution reconstruction. Because dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usually has huge redundancy along temporal direction, compressed sensing theory can be effectively used for this application. Historically, exploiting the temporal redundancy has been the main research topics in video compression technique. This article compares the similarity and differences of compressed sensing dynamic MRI and video compression and discusses what MR can learn from the history of video compression research. In particular, we demonstrate that the motion estimation and compensation in video compression technique can be also a powerful tool to reduce the sampling requirement in dynamic MRI. Theoretical derivation and experimental results are presented to support our view. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 81–98, 2010
Morphological hierarchical segmentation and color spaces
Authors: Meurie Cyril , Lezoray Olivier , Khoudour Louahdi , Elmoataz Abderrahim 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn this article, the color space influence on different methods of morphological hierarchical segmentation is studied. For this purpose, several experimental studies are carried out on hundred images of the “Berkeley Segmentation Dataset and Benchmark” (Berkeley). On one hand, four usual and representative color spaces (RGB, YCbCr, L*a*b*, IHSL) are considered. On the other hand, three different morphological hierarchical segmentation schemes are considered. These later are the quasi flat zones, the nonparametric hierarchical watershed (waterfall algorithm) and the nested homogeneous connections. As one could expect it, the different morphological hierarchical segmentation schemes do not have the same behavior in different color spaces. We conclude by proposing a ranking of color spaces according to the considered morphological hierarchical segmentation schemes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 167–178, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ima.20233
Block‐based watermarking for color images using visibility of quantization noise
Authors: Liu Kuo‐Cheng 
Published: May 2010

AbstractColor images are believed to be more ideal for watermark embedding than grayscale images, because color images provide more space for hiding data. Robustness and transparency of the embedded watermark are required by image watermarking for copyright protection. A feasible solution of taking advantage of color signals in the design for color image watermarking is to effectively exploit the properties of the human visual system. This article proposes a block‐based watermarking scheme that is based on the visibility of quantization noise of the color signal. The block‐based scheme selects perceptually significant portions in the wavelet subband of luminance and chrominance components for robust watermark insertion and embeds the watermark with maximum distortion allowed for transparent watermarking. The strategy is to use the noise detection thresholds of color signals in the color image. By using the noise detection thresholds of wavelet coefficients in the color image, the blocks with high energy can be located and the strength of the watermark can be appropriately determined for watermark embedding. Binary watermark signals are embedded in the coefficients of perceptually significant blocks by quantization index modulation. Simulation results show that the proposed watermarking scheme for color images is robust to malicious attacks while retaining watermark transparency. The performance of the proposed scheme is even better than that of the existing color watermarking method that hides the watermark in the DC components of the DCT domain of color images. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 20, 179–189, 2010
Long‐term effect of carbodiimide on dentin matrix and resin‐dentin bonds
Authors: Bedran‐Russo Ana Karina B. , Vidal Cristina M. P. , Dos Santos Paulo H. , Castellan Carina S. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractObjectives: To characterize the interaction of 1‐Ethyl‐3‐[3‐dimethylaminopropyl] carbodiimide Hydrochloride (EDC) with dentin matrix and its effect on the resin‐dentin bond. Methods: Changes to the stiffness of demineralized dentin fragments treated with EDC/N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) in different solutions were evaluated at different time points. The resistance against enzymatic degradation was indirectly evaluated by ultimate tensile strength (UTS) test of demineralized dentin treated or not with EDC/NHS and subjected to collagenase digestion. Short‐ and long‐term evaluations of the strength of resin‐dentin interfaces treated with EDC/NHS for 1 h were performed using microtensile bond strength (μTBS) test. All data (MPa) were individually analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (α = 0.05). Results: The different exposure times significantly increased the stiffness of dentin (p < 0.0001, control‐5.15 and EDC/NHS‐29.50), while no differences were observed among the different solutions of EDC/NHS (p = 0.063). Collagenase challenge did not affect the UTS values of EDC/NHS group (6.08) (p > 0.05), while complete degradation was observed for the control group (p = 0.0008, control‐20.84 and EDC/NHS‐43.15). EDC/NHS treatment did not significantly increase resin‐dentin μTBS, but the values remained stable after 12 months water storage (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Biomimetic use of EDC/NHS to induce exogenous collagen cross‐links resulted in increased mechanical properties and stability of dentin matrix and dentin‐resin interfaces. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Needs assessment of university leadership programs
Authors: Spralls Samuel A. , Garver Michael S. , Divine Richard L. , Trotz Heather 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAlthough research indicates that university leadership programs can offer students many extremely valuable outcomes, the overall effectiveness of these programs is highly dependent on their abilty to attract student participants. This study addresses this issue by employing maximum difference scaling (MDS) analysis to determine the needs and preferences of university students with regard to participating in university leadership activities. From this data, four distinct need‐based segments of students are identified and discussed: socializers, leaders, self‐improvers, and job seekers. Suggested strategies are presented to increase particpation within each segment by focusing leadership programs on delivery of those outcomes most desired by each segment.
An inquiry into eastern leadership orientation of working adults in Afghanistan
Authors: Mujtaba Bahaudin G. , Kaifi Belal A. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThis study analyzes the leadership tendencies of respondents from Afghanistan and compares them with their American counterparts. The responses of 219 Afghans are compared with 87 respondents from the United States, showing similarities of leadership orientation between the two cultures. Afghans have higher scores on the relationship orientation, and age seems to be a factor as well. Suggestions and implications are explored for local managers working with foreigners, multinational managers, political leaders, and United Nations officials working in Afghanistan toward reconstruction and peaceful development of the country.
Beyond technology dependence
Authors: Miller George P. , Molina‐Ray Caroline 
Published: May 2010

AbstractTechnology and globalization have the potential to make higher education more affordable and accessible. In practice, however, rising costs limit educational access, and competition threatens the sustainability of many colleges and universities (Grummon, 2009). With the relevance of traditional curricula in question and the demand for alternate delivery methods expanding, many higher learning institutions face a challenge to reinvent themselves (Barnatt, 2008; Grummon, 2009; Lee, Brennan, & Green, 2009).We asked four higher education leaders from demographically and structurally diverse institutions to address the question, “How will colleges and universities serve the global knowledge economy in the coming decades?” Our respondents represent perspectives from multiple educational paradigms—public and private, local and international, for‐profit and nonprofit, brick‐and‐mortar and online.George Mihel, president of Sauk Valley Community College in Illinois, offers a position paper on the need to transform some of higher education’s deep‐rooted institutional traditions. George Miller, chancellor of American InterContinental University, teams with Caroline Molina‐Ray, a University of Phoenix faculty member, to address how higher education can foster both technological competency and critically reflexive thinking. Naana J. S. Opoku‐Agyemang, vice chancellor of the University of Cape Coast in Ghana, offers insight into the unique challenges and accomplishments of higher education in Africa. Finally, Vicki T. Purslow, associate dean of the College of Arts and Sciences at Southern Oregon University, and Christine Cook Florence, a higher education marketing consultant, present a commentary synthesizing the symposium contributions and issuing a call to action for higher education leaders. Together, these diverse perspectives offer a glimpse into the higher education of the future.