bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of crop rotation and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant corn on ground beetle diversity, community structure, and activity density
Authors: Bourassa S. , Cárcamo H.A. , Spence J.R. , Blackshaw R.E. , Floate K. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractGround beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) were sampled in conventional and genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) corn,Zea maysL. (Poaceae), planted under rotation with canola,BrassicaL. (Brassicaceae), or continuously cropped corn to investigate the influence of corn variety and rotation on the structure of carabid assemblages. Corn variety, cultivation regime, and their interaction all influenced overall carabid activity density. Weed management associated with corn variety influenced the activity density of a few carabid species and this was attributed to changes in vegetation. Some smaller bodied carabids such asBembidion quadrimaculatumL. were less abundant in GMHT plots, probably because weed density was higher in midseason, but the opposite was observed for larger bodied carabids such asPterostichus melanarius(Illiger). Overall, rotating corn with canola had a stronger effect on carabid community structure than did corn variety. We suggest that GMHT corn has little impact on the overall carabid fauna but may influence the activity of certain species through effects on the weed community.
Relative attractiveness of colour traps to pear psylla in relation to seasonal changes in pear phenology
Authors: Cooper W.R. , Puterka G.J. , Glenn D.M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMonitoring of pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster), Hemiptera: Psyllidae) prior to spring bud break could aid in predicting the size of subsequent spring populations and lead to improved proactive management decisions. Yellow traps are commonly used to monitor hemipteran pests including pear psylla, but very little is known regarding seasonal changes in attractiveness of yellow traps or relative attractiveness of colours other than yellow. This study presents seasonal colour-trap preferences of pear psyllas based on pear (Pyrus communis L., Rosaceae) phenological stages in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States of America. Black, blue, brown, clear (colourless), green, orange, red, white, and yellow traps were assayed against wild adult psylla populations over a 2-year period. Pear psyllas had a strong preference for yellow and orange when green leaves were present; however, we found no statistically significant difference between traps of different colours prior to spring bud break. Significantly more female psyllas were caught overall, but there was no gender-based colour bias. None of our colour traps caught significantly fewer psyllas than did clear (background hue) traps, suggesting that no traps were repellent.
Pathogenicity of two new isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae from Canadian soil to Melanoplus bivittatus (Orthoptera: Acrididae) and Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
Authors: Adatia Adil , Johnson Dan , Entz Susan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWorldwide biological-control research has shown that the fungal entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) is an alternative to chemical insecticides for controlling grasshoppers and locusts. The pathogenicity of two recently discovered isolates of M. anisopliae var. anisopliae Driver and Milner from Canadian soil to the key grasshopper pest Melanoplus bivittatus (Say) and the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor L., was determined by means of laboratory bioassays. Insects were fed a single dose of 105 conidia suspended in sunflower oil on food (a standard-size lettuce wafer). Subsequent feeding activity, movement, and mortality were assessed daily. The isolates were equally pathogenic, and similar in pathogenicity to the industry standard, Green Guard (M. anisopliae var. acridum Driver and Milner). Treatment with the three isolates resulted in 50% grasshopper mortality in 5–6 days and 90% mortality in 6–7 days.
Three new large-bodied species of Labena (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Labeninae), with a key to the Neotropical striata species group
Authors: Bordera Santiago , González-Moreno Alejandra , Sääksjärvi Ilari E. , Veijalainen Anu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractLabena Cresson is a large Gondwanan genus best represented in the Neotropical area. We describe three new species in the Neotropical Labena striata species group: Labena gauldianasp. nov. from Costa Rica and Mexico, Labena yucatanicasp. nov. from Mexico, and Labena iquitosicasp. nov. from Peruvian Amazonia. These species are among the largest and most spectacular Neotropical Ichneumonidae ever collected. We also provide additional descriptive remarks regarding Labena striata Townes and Townes (including intraspecific variation) and an identification key to the six species of the striata group.
Effect of drainage ditches on Brachycera (Diptera) diversity in a southern Quebec peatland
Authors: Taillefer Amélie Grégoire , Wheeler Terry A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCanadian peatlands are subject to disturbance and destruction, and drainage for agriculture is responsible for 85% of this degradation. Few studies have explicitly addressed the effects of habitat degradation on arthropod diversity in Nearctic peatlands. Because higher Diptera (Brachycera) in peatlands are diverse, are an important component of food webs, and exhibit a wide range of ecological requirements, we examined species richness, abundance, and community composition of Brachycera across transects at 1, 6, and 11 m from a collector drainage ditch in Johnville Bog and Forest Park, Quebec. In total, 1453 Brachycera were collected, representing 24 families and 166 species. Species diversity (based on Simpson’s diversity index) and rarefaction-estimated species richness were higher at 6 and 11 m than at 1 m from the ditch, probably because of the homogeneous moss cover and moister conditions at greater distance from the ditch. Species composition also differed between 1 m and other distances, based on cluster analysis, multiresponse permutation procedures analysis, and the presence of five predaceous species that were significant indicator species 1 m from the drainage ditch. Our results suggest that anthropogenic degradation of hydrological conditions may be responsible for the low species richness and high dominance of a few species currently seen at the ditch margin.
Review of the Neotropical genus Cartagonum (Coleoptera: Lycidae)
Authors: do Nascimento Elynton Alves , Bocakova Milada 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe review the Neotropical genus Cartagonum Pic, redescribing C. bernardi Pic and describing two new species, Cartagonum apiubasp. nov. and Cartagonum mayensesp. nov. New collection records, a key to species, and illustrations of somatic and genitalic characters are provided. Species of Cartagonum are now known to be distributed from Colombia to southern Mexico and southeastern Brazil.
A randomized controlled trial of acupuncture for osteoarthritis of the knee: Effects of patient‐provider communication
Authors: Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. , Looney Carol , Liu Yanfang , Cox Vanessa , Pietz Kenneth , Marcus Donald M. , Street Richard L. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveThere is conflicting evidence on the efficacy of traditional Chinese acupuncture (TCA), and the role of placebo effects elicited by acupuncturists' behavior has not been elucidated. We conducted a 3‐month randomized clinical trial in patients with knee osteoarthritis to compare the efficacy of TCA with sham acupuncture and to examine the effects of acupuncturists' communication styles.MethodsAcupuncturists were trained to interact in 1 of 2 communication styles: high or neutral expectations. Patients were randomized to 1 of 3 style groups, waiting list, high, or neutral, and nested within style, TCA or sham acupuncture twice a week over 6 weeks. Sham acupuncture was performed in nonmeridian points with shallow needles and minimal stimulation. Primary outcome measures were Joint‐Specific Multidimensional Assessment of Pain (J‐MAP), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and satisfaction scores.ResultsPatients (n = 455) received treatment (TCA or sham) and 72 controls were included. No statistically significant differences were observed between TCA or sham acupuncture, but both groups had significant reductions in J‐MAP (−1.1, −1.0, and −0.1, respectively; P < 0.001) and WOMAC pain (−13.7, −14, and −1.7, respectively; P < 0.001) compared with the waiting group. Statistically significant differences were observed in J‐MAP pain reduction and satisfaction, favoring the high expectations group. In the TCA and sham groups, 52% and 43%, respectively, thought they had received TCA (κ = 0.05), suggesting successful blinding.ConclusionTCA was not superior to sham acupuncture. However, acupuncturists' styles had significant effects on pain reduction and satisfaction, suggesting that the analgesic benefits of acupuncture can be partially mediated through placebo effects related to the acupuncturist's behavior.
The effects of anger and sadness on clinical pain reports and experimentally‐induced pain thresholds in women with and without fibromyalgia
Authors: van Middendorp Henriët , Lumley Mark A. , Jacobs Johannes W. G. , Bijlsma Johannes W. J. , Geenen Rinie 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveNegative emotions are commonly experienced in fibromyalgia and may affect pain. This study examined the effects of anger and sadness on clinical pain reports and on pain threshold and tolerance in response to electrical stimulation in women with and without fibromyalgia.MethodsIn an experimental study, 62 women with fibromyalgia and 59 women without fibromyalgia recalled a neutral situation, followed by recalling both an anger‐inducing and a sadness‐inducing situation, in counterbalanced order. The effect of these emotions on pain responses (non‐induced clinical pain and experimentally‐induced sensory threshold, pain threshold, and pain tolerance) was analyzed with a repeated‐measures analysis of variance.ResultsClinical pain reports increased (P < 0.001) in women with fibromyalgia, and pain threshold (P < 0.001) and tolerance (P < 0.001) decreased in both groups in response to anger and sadness induction. Sadness reactivity predicted clinical pain responses. Anger reactivity predicted both clinical and electrically‐stimulated pain responses.ConclusionThe experience of both anger and sadness amplifies pain in women with and without fibromyalgia. A stronger emotion‐induced pain response was associated with more emotional reactivity. No convincing evidence was found for a larger sensitivity to anger and sadness in women with fibromyalgia than in women without fibromyalgia, or for a larger sensitivity to anger than to sadness in fibromyalgia. The occurrence of anger and sadness appears to be a general risk factor for pain amplification. Emotion regulation techniques may attenuate emotional pain sensitization in patients with fibromyalgia.
Utility‐based outcomes made easy: The number needed per quality‐adjusted life year gained. An observational cohort study of tumor necrosis factor blockade in inflammatory arthritis from Southern Sweden
Authors: Gülfe Anders , Kristensen Lars Erik , Saxne Tore , Jacobsson Lennart T. H. , Petersson Ingemar F. , Geborek Pierre 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo introduce a novel, simple, utility‐based outcome measure, the number needed per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained (NNQ), and to apply it in clinical practice in anti–tumor necrosis factor (anti‐TNF)–treated patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and spondylarthritis (SpA).MethodsThe NNQ is the number of patients one has to treat in order to gain 1 QALY. It is calculated as the inverted value of the utility gain (area under the curve) over 1 year in a cohort subjected to an intervention. EuroQol Index utility data from the South Swedish Arthritis Treatment register were used.ResultsPatients with RA (n = 1,001), PsA (n = 241), and SpA (n = 255) were eligible for the study. First, second, and third treatment courses were studied. For RA, NNQ was 4.5, 6.4, and 5.2 for first, second, and third courses, respectively. For PsA and SpA, NNQ was 4.2–4.5, irrespective of treatment order. Treatment groups with <50 patients were not analyzed. During the study period 2002–2007, there were no secular trends of utility gains.ConclusionThe NNQ is an easily derived and understandable utility‐based outcome measure that may be useful for stakeholders and decision makers as well as for clinicians. It was readily applied in this study of TNF blockade across 3 arthritis diagnoses. NNQ varied little over diagnoses and treatment course order, with a possible exception in second treatment course in RA.
Correlating the solubility of supercritical gases in high‐molecular weight substances using a density‐dependent equation
Authors: Hernández Elvis J. , Reglero Guillermo , Fornari Tiziana 
Published: April 2010

AbstractChrastil (1982) established that the solubility of a substance in a supercritical fluid can be correlated with the density of the pure supercritical gas. Recently, the solubility of supercritical fluids in different organic liquids was successfully correlated as a function solely of the supercritical fluid density, since we demonstrated that the supercritical fluid density also defines the solubility of the gas in the liquid phase. In this work, the solubility of supercritical carbon dioxide in high‐molecular weight substances, such as high‐molecular weight paraffins, alcohols, fatty acids, fatty acid methyl and ethyl esters, has been correlated and constants provided. More than 20 binary systems comprising around 1000 solubility data points were correlated, obtaining regression coefficients greater than 0.96 and confirming the goodness of the density‐dependent equation previously reported. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
A new framework and a simpler method for the development of batch crystallization recipes
Authors: Ward Jeffrey D. , Yu Cheng‐Ching , Doherty Michael F. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe use a new generalized dimensionless model of a seeded batch crystallization process to compare results from four crystal growth rate/concentration trajectories: a numerically‐computed optimal trajectory, a constant growth rate trajectory, a trajectory proposed by Mullin and Nyvlt [Chem Eng Sci. 1971;26:369–377] that can be calculated without a kinetic model, and a linear concentration‐time trajectory. Because the model is generalized and dimensionless it is not specific to any particular solute–solvent system. We show that if seed properties are good, all trajectories achieve a good result, whereas if seed properties are poor all trajectories achieve a poor result. If seed properties are intermediate, the linear concentration trajectory performs much worse than the other trajectories. On the basis of this, we conclude: (1) Linear trajectories and natural cooling trajectories are poor and should be avoided. When evaluating the benefit derived from an optimization of a temperature/saturation concentration trajectory, the appropriate benchmark should be the Mullin‐Nyvlt trajectory, which typically performs much better than the linear trajectory and can be calculated knowing only the mass of seeds at the beginning of the batch. (2) Changing seed properties is more likely to improve batch crystallizer performance than optimizing the growth/saturation concentration trajectory. (3) For rapid process development, the most reasonable approach is to use the Mullin‐Nyvlt trajectory and seek to improve process performance by adjusting seed properties. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
The outcome of IgD myeloma after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is similar to other Ig subtypes
Authors: Sharma Manish , Qureshi Sofia R. , Champlin Richard E. , Popat Uday , Giralt Sergio , Qazilbash Muzaffar H. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIgD myeloma is a rare subtype of myeloma that is associated with an aggressive course, resistance to chemotherapy, and a poor outcome. We identified 17 patients with IgD myeloma, who received a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) at our institution between August 1988 and June 2008. Fifteen of these 17 patients underwent an autologous (auto) HCT. Complete responses (CRs) were seen in 6 of 15 (40%) patients; three converted from partial response to CR, two from minimal response to CR, and one from very good partial response to CR. The overall response rate after auto HCT was 86% (13 of 15). Kaplan‐Meiers estimates of 3‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 38% and 64%, respectively. Median PFS and OS were 18 and 45 months, respectively. These results were comparable with patients receiving autologous HCT for other Ig subtypes of myeloma. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Confounders and confusion: Dealing with cancer cases of occupational origin
Authors: Crosignani Paolo , Amendola Plinio , Scaburri Alessandra , Chiappino Giovanni , Marinaccio Alessandro 
Published: April 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe recognition of occupational cancers is often hampered by confusion between the individual determinants of the disease and effects at the group level.MethodsHere we propose an approach, based on the evaluation of the attributable risk at the group level, that provides quantitative estimates of the roles of multiple causes in individuals affected of cancer within a population exposed to occupational risk.ResultsThe estimate of individual probability can be easily obtained computing the attributable risk. This can be often achieved by using the existing information available in the literature.ConclusionsDismissing the occupation as a cause of a cancer in an exposed subject on the sole basis of potential confounding is erroneous and should be withdrawn from medical practice. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1002–1005, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lesional and nonlesional skin from patients with untreated juvenile dermatomyositis displays increased numbers of mast cells and mature plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Authors: Shrestha Sheela , Wershil Barry , Sarwark John F. , Niewold Timothy B. , Philipp Teresa , Pachman Lauren M. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of mast cells and dendritic cell (DC) subsets in paired muscle and skin (lesional/nonlesional) from untreated children with juvenile dermatomyositis (DM).MethodsMuscle and skin biopsy samples (4 skin biopsy samples with active rash) from 7 patients with probable/definite juvenile DM were compared with muscle and skin samples from 10 healthy pediatric controls. Mast cell distribution and number were assessed by toluidine blue staining and analyzed by Student'st‐test. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed to identify mature DCs, myeloid DCs (MDCs), and plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs) by using antibodies against DC‐LAMP, blood dendritic cell antigen 1 (BDCA‐1), and BDCA‐2, respectively. Myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) staining indicated active type I interferon (IFN) signaling; positive staining was scored semiquantitatively and analyzed using the Mann‐Whitney U test.ResultsBoth inflamed and nonlesional skin from patients with juvenile DM contained more mast cells than did skin from pediatric controls (P= 0.029), and comparable numbers of mast cells were present in lesional and nonlesional skin. Interestingly, mast cell numbers were greater in skin than in paired muscle tissue from patients with juvenile DM (P= 0.014) and were not increased in muscle from patients with juvenile DM compared with control muscle. Both muscle and skin from patients with juvenile DM showed more mature PDCs and MxA staining than did their corresponding control tissues (P< 0.05). In both muscle and skin from patients with juvenile DM and in pediatric control muscle, there were fewer MDCs than PDCs, and the distributions of MDCs and PDCs were similar in pediatric control skin samples.ConclusionThe identification of mast cells in skin (irrespective of rash) from patients with juvenile DM, but not in paired muscle tissue, suggests that they have a specific role in juvenile DM skin pathophysiology. In skin from patients with juvenile DM, increased numbers of PDCs and increased expression of type I IFN–induced protein suggest a selective influence on T cell differentiation and subsequent effector function.
Continuous Flow Organic Synthesis under High‐Temperature/Pressure Conditions
Authors: Razzaq Tahseen , Kappe C. Oliver 
Published: April 2010

AbstractMicroreactor technology and continuous flow processing in general are key features in making organic synthesis both more economical and environmentally friendly. When preformed under a high‐temperature/pressure process intensification regime many transformations originally not considered suitable for flow synthesis owing to long reaction times can be converted into high‐speed flow chemistry protocols that can operate at production‐scale quantities. This Focus Review summarizes the state of the art in high‐temperature/pressure microreactor technology and provides a survey of successful applications of this technique from the recent synthetic organic chemistry literature.
An optimal maintenance policy based on generalized stochastic Petri nets and periodic inspection
Authors: Chang Ching‐Kao , Hsiang Chen‐Liang 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPeriodic maintenance of equipment is essential for its optimum performance, thereby enabling production efficiency. In the past, studies on preventive maintenance of automated manufacturing systems (AMS) determined the optimal preventive maintenance policy under different performance indexes. Generally, most hypotheses indicate that equipment reliability can be restored to 1.0 through preventive and corrective maintenance. However, in practical application, the implementation of preventive maintenance results in partial deterioration of equipment; moreover, the reliability of equipment cannot be restored to as‐good‐as‐new. In addition, the greater the complexity of connections of the equipment, the greater is the difficulty in determining the timing for preventive maintenance. On account of these characteristics, generalized stochastic Petri nets (GSPN) are well‐suited for the implementation of preventive maintenance. Therefore, this paper applies GSPN for deciding the optimal maintenance policy and constructing models for different levels of maintenance and renewal for an AMS with a serial‐parallel layout. As a result of the application of GSPN, the following optimal maintenance policy for an AMS was obtained in this study: Preventive maintenance conducted at intervals of every 240 hours will reduce cost by 46% as opposed to the practice of replacing defective parts when necessary. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Possession attachment: Individual differences in the endowment effect
Authors: Kogut Tehila , Kogut Ehud 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe endowment effect suggests that people become attached to objects that are in their possession, and they demand a higher price to sell an object they own than they would be willing to pay to buy the same object. The results of four experiments support the suggestion that “possession attachment” is related to adult attachment styles in close relationships. Measures of attachment style in close relationships significantly predicted both actual and hypothetical selling prices moderating the endowment effect (Study 1), and significantly correlate with ratings of possession attachment (Study 2). Specifically, attachment anxiety is positively correlated with the selling prices of objects, while attachment avoidance shows no significant relation with object evaluation. The third and fourth experimental studies further demonstrated that attachment anxiety enhances possession evaluation and inhibits trades. The studies used real commodities and real money, and therefore, they have implications for everyday decisions as well as for the development of theories to better understand decisions about trades, negotiations, and choice of goods. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.