bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Primary amyloidosis presenting as upper limb multiple mononeuropathies
Authors: Tracy Jennifer A. , Dyck Peter J. , Dyck P. James B. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy in primary (AL) amyloidosis is usually lower‐limb predominant, length‐dependent, symmetrical, and affects small (pain and autonomic) fibers, as much or more than large fibers. We report a patient with stepwise progressive, multiple upper limb mononeuropathies that were due to nerve biopsy‐proven primary amyloidosis (lambda light chain), with no systemic or autonomic features. Recognition that light chain amyloidosis may be the cause of a multiple mononeuropathy pattern adds to the differential diagnosis of this clinical phenotype. Muscle Nerve 41: 727–732, 2010
Synthesis of bio‐based polymeric nanocomposites from acrylated epoxidized soybean oil and montmorillonite clay in the presence of a bio‐based intercalant
Authors: Şen Sinan , Çaylı Gökhan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPolymeric nanocomposites were synthesized from functionalized soybean‐oil‐based polymer matrix and montmorillonite (MMT) clay using an in situ free radical polymerization reaction. Acrylated epoxidized soybean oil combined with styrene was used as the monomer. Organophilic MMT (OrgMMT) was obtained using a quaternized derivative of methyl oleate, which was synthesized from olive oil triglyceride, as a renewable intercalant. The resultant nanocomposites were characterized using X‐ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy. The effect of increased nanofiller loading on the thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and dynamic mechanical analysis. It was found that the desired exfoliated nanocomposite structure was achieved when the OrgMMT loading was 1 and 2 wt%, whereas a partially exfoliated or intercalated nanocomposite was obtained for 3 wt% loading. All the nanocomposites were found to have improved thermal and mechanical properties as compared with virgin acrylated epoxidized soybean‐oil‐based polymer matrix. The nanocomposite containing 2 wt% OrgMMT clay was found to have the highest thermal stability and best dynamic mechanical performance. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Thermostabilization of ovalbumin by alkaline treatment: Examination of the possible roles of D‐serine residues
Authors: Ishimaru Takayuki , Ito Kazunari , Tanaka Miho , Matsudomi Naotoshi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIt was revealed from the crystal structure analysis of S‐ovalbumin (S‐OVA) formed by alkaline treatment that Ser164, Ser236, and Ser320 take the D‐amino acid residue configuration (Yamasaki et al., J Biol Chem 2003; 278:35524–35530). To address the implications of a D‐configuration for these Ser residues in S‐OVA formation, three mutant OVAs (S164A, S236A, and S320A) were generated to compare their thermostabilities before and after alkaline treatment. Following alkaline treatment, S236A showed a marked increase in melting temperature similar to the wild type (ΔTm, +9°C) which corresponded to the formation of S‐OVA, whereas the increment in Tm for both S164A and S320A was only 4.5°C. Furthermore, the Tm value of the double mutant S164/320A remained unchanged after alkaline treatment, supporting the relevance of Ser164 and Ser320 for thermostabilization of OVA. As Arg142 was predicted to interact with D‐Ser164 upon S‐OVA formation, it was substituted to Ala to generate R142A. The resulting increment in Tm of mutant R142A after alkaline treatment was 5.8°C. The double mutant R142/S320A was therefore prepared to eliminate the participation of Ser320 in thermostabilization, and its Tm value was compared before and after alkaline treatment. As expected, the increase in Tm for the double mutant was only 1.2°C. Taken together, the data suggest that D‐configuration of Ser164 caused by alkaline treatment favors interaction with Arg142 through conformational changes of the side chain. These results strongly supported the participation of the configurational inversion of both Ser164 and Ser320 residues in the formation of S‐OVA.
Scanning spreading resistance microscopy of undoped CdS/ZnSSe multiple quantum well heterostructure
Authors: Sviridov D. E. , Kozlovsky V. I. , Sannikov D. A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe carried out scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) investigation of the undoped CdS/ZnSSe multiple quantum well (MQW) heterostructure under different illumination conditions. To study this effect we illuminated the probe–sample point contact with the radiation of a halogen lamp (HL) (hν = 1.2–3.1 eV). In spite of the fact that the photon energy of the built‐in atomic force microscope laser (BL) (1.9 eV) is smaller than the band gap energy of the CdS (2.46 eV) and the energy of transitions between ZnSSe valence band and CdS conduction band (2.2 eV) it, nevertheless, influences the visualization, possibly due to Franz–Keldysh effect. It was found that all layers of the structure can be visualized only under negative sample potential, indicating Schottky barrier formation at probe–sample contact. We estimated the carrier concentration in QWs on the basis of simple Schottky diode theory, taking into account spreading resistance Rs.
Violet–green laser converter based on MBE grown II–VI green lasers with multiple CdSe quantum dot sheets, pumped by InGaN laser diode
Authors: Lutsenko Evgenii V. , Sorokin Sergey V. , Sedova Irina V. , Vainilovich Aliaksei G. , Tarasuk Nikolai P. , Pavlovskii Viacheslav N. , Yablonskii Gennadii P. , Gronin Sergey V. , Kop'ev Pyotr S. , Ivanov Sergey V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe violet–green laser converter based on a molecular‐beam‐epitaxy (MBE) grown CdSe quantum dot (QD) laser heterostructure pumped by a commercial InGaN laser diode (LD) emission has been fabricated and studied in detail. The optimized II–VI laser heterostructure consists of asymmetrical ZnSe/ZnSSe superlattice (SL) waveguide and active region comprising five CdSe QD sheets (QDS) placed in the centre of 2‐nm‐thick ZnSe quantum wells. The new laser structure design provides both a high homogeneity of optical pumping of the CdSe QDS due to tunnelling of charge carriers between the QDS separated by 5‐nm‐thick ZnSe/ZnSSe/ZnSe barriers and high optical confinement factor. Optimization of both cavity length of the II–VI laser and parameters of optical focusing system to obtain a narrow stripe with the length slightly exceeding the cavity length has been performed. As a result, the maximum achieved quantum efficiency and pulse output power in green have been as high as 8% and 65 mW, respectively.
Evaluating the electronic energy eigenvalues for A2B6 crystals obtained with the GGGA+U functional
Authors: Syrotyuk Stepan V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractElectronic energy bands of ZnS, ZnSe, and ZnTe crystals evaluated within the mixed basis approach with using the core Bloch states and plane waves. The exchange‐correlation potential has been derived from the new exchange‐correlation‐energy functional including the density gradient corrections and the intra‐atomic Coulomb term U. The calculated energy band structure parameters of the crystals show an improvement compared with the LDA results. The semicore Zn 3d state energies are closer to experimental data than those obtained within the LDA approach. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Internal parameters and optical properties of green II‐VI heterostructure lasers with active region composed of multi‐sheet electronically‐coupled CdSe quantum dots
Authors: Vainilovich Aliaksei G. , Lutsenko Evgenii V. , Tarasuk Nikolai P. , Pavlovskii Viacheslav N. , Gurskii Aliaksandr L. , Yablonskii Gennadii P. , Sedova Irina V. , Sorokin Sergey V. , Gronin Sergey V. , Ivanov Sergey V. , Kop'ev Pyotr S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOptically pumped green‐emitting ZnSe‐based laser heterostructures of optimized design have been grown by molecular‐beam epitaxy and studied. The structures containing five electronically‐coupled stacked CdSe quantum dot (QD) sheets demonstrate the minimum threshold power density of 2.2 kW/cm2 and the maximum external quantum efficiency of ∼ 50%. Internal laser characteristics were determined by measuring the differential laser efficiency and laser threshold of a series of samples with different cavity lengths. The characteristic gain and internal quantum efficiency of the structures have been shown to reach the values as high as ΓG0 = 114 cm‐1 and ηi = 65.4%, while the transparency threshold and internal losses are evaluated as low as IT = 1.22 kW/cm2 and αi = 2.55 cm‐1, respectively. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cathodoluminescence of wide‐band‐gap II‐VI quaternary alloys
Authors: Shakhmin Alexey A. , Sedova Irina V. , Sorokin Sergey V. , Fitting Hans‐Joachim , Zamoryanskaya Maria V. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCathodoluminescence has been applied to study 1‐μm‐thick Zn1‐xMgxSySe1‐y alloys grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The observed cathodoluminescence spectra show the main band transition at 2.9 eV and a broad defect band around 2.2 eV. The analysis of the band intensities at different electron‐beam current densities shows different saturation behaviour of the defect band intensities for the samples. The saturation intensity and the luminescence lifetime correlate with the defect luminescence intensity and concentration. This is the reason of luminescence colour changes in dependence on the electron‐beam current density. These results were applied to comparative evaluation of the luminescent defect density. A respective cathodoluminescence imaging was used for observation of structural defects in the surface plane and at the ZnMgSSe‐layer/GaAs‐buffer interface. It enables an express non‐destructive analysis of defect density in the layers and heterostuctures. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Study of the mechanical and magnetic properties of Fe61Co10Zr5‐xHfxW2Y2B20 (x = 0 or 3) bulk amorphous and crystalline alloys
Authors: Nabiałek Marcin G. , Dospiał Marcin J. , Szota Michał 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe microstructure, thermal stability, mechanical and magnetic properties of Fe61Co10Zr5‐xHfxW2Y2B20 (where x = 0 or 3) bulk metallic glasses (BMG) and their crystalline equivalents were investigated. The crystalline materials were smelted on a copper mould using an electric arc; their amorphous equivalents were prepared using the induction suction casting method (ISC). All samples investigated were in the form of plates with dimensions of 10x10x0.5mm. From X‐ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy, it was found that both investigated alloys prepared using this method have an amorphous structure. From magnetic measurements obtained by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), it was shown that all measured samples displayed soft magnetic properties with relatively high saturation of the magnetization. The thermal stability and glass‐forming ability (GFA) for investigated alloys were derived from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves. The measurements of mechanical properties for amorphous alloys were found to be better than those for crystalline alloys with the same atomic composition. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
A new antitumor arabinopyranoside from Laurencia majuscula induces G2/M cell cycle arrest
Authors: Du Bin , Zhong Xueyun , Liao Xiaojian , Xu Wenjie , Zhou Xulong , Xu Shihai 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA new arabinopyranoside was isolated from the alga Laurencia majuscula (Harvey) Lucas, collected from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea. Its structure was elucidated as hexadecyl‐1‐O‐α‐l‐arabinopyranoside by spectroscopic analysis. It was found that arabinopyranoside had significant antitumor activity in LOVO and Bel‐7402 cell lines. Flow cytometric analysis showed that arabinopyranoside arrested the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Western blotting demonstrated that the protein expression of CDK1 and cyclin A related to the G2/M phase decreased markedly with arabinopyranoside treatment, with slight changes in cyclin B1 expression. Taken together, the findings identify a potential new antitumor therapeutic arabinopyranoside isolated from red alga Laurencia majuscula. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regular induced subgraphs of a random Graph
Authors: Krivelevich Michael , Sudakov Benny , Wormald Nicholas 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAn old problem of Erdős, Fajtlowicz, and Staton asks for the order of a largest induced regular subgraph that can be found in every graph on
$n$
vertices. Motivated by this problem, we consider the order of such a subgraph in a typical graph on $n$
vertices, i.e., in a binomial random graph $G(n,1/2)$. We prove that with high probability a largest induced regular subgraph of $G(n,1/2)$
has about $n^{2/3}$
vertices. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 38, 235–250, 2011
A Spectrophotometric Microtiterplate Assay to Determine the Transphosphatidylation Potential of Phospholipase D
Authors: Dippe Martin , Ulbrich‐Hofmann Renate 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn addition to the hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate ester bond in glycerophospholipids, phospholipases D (PLDs) are able to catalyze the exchange of the polar head group. The biocatalytic potential of PLDs strongly depends on the ratio of the transphosphatidylation to hydrolysis rate which, therefore, is an important criterion in the screening for efficient PLDs from natural sources or combinatorial DNA libraries. Here, we present a fast spectrophotometric assay that allows the determination of the rate of both hydrolysis and transphosphatidylation of PLD‐containing solutions including cell extracts in one microtiterplate. The assay is based on the reaction of phosphatidylcholine solubilized in Triton X‐100 micelles with ethanolamine and the determination of phosphatidic acid (PA) and choline. PA is determined via Fe(III) complexation and represents hydrolysis, while choline is determined by the conventional choline oxidase/peroxidase assay and yields the total conversion. The difference between both values corresponds to the transphosphatidylation product. The method is suitable for measuring reactions rates as well as product yields after defined time periods. As shown for E. coli cells expressing PLD from cabbage, the assay can be applied to extracts of cells grown and lysed in microtiterplates.
Religious doubts and mental health in adolescence and young adulthood: The association with religious attitudes
Authors: Kézdy Anikó , Martos Tamás , Boland Vivian , Horváth‐Szabó Katalin 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTReligious doubts seem to be a part of identity and faith development in adolescence and young adulthood. Such doubts, however, are often linked with psychological distress, though the results in the field are not consistent. It seems important therefore to explore further the relationship between religious doubts and mental health. This study investigated the moderating role of religious attitudes (strength of religious belief, and literal vs. symbolic approach to religion) on this relationship in a sample of 403 Hungarian high school and university students aged 15–25 years in a cross‐sectional survey. Results provided support for a three‐way moderation: the positive correlation between doubts and anxiety/depression was stronger the higher the level of religious belief, but was strongest when religious beliefs and symbolic approach were both high. These associations were found to be stable across gender and educational level. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
A population‐based study of juvenile perpetrators of homicide in England and Wales
Authors: Rodway Cathryn , Norrington‐Moore Victoria , While David , Hunt Isabelle M. , Flynn Sandra , Swinson Nicola , Roscoe Alison , Appleby Louis , Shaw Jenny 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to describe the social, behavioural and offence characteristics of all convicted perpetrators of homicide aged 17 and under; to examine their previous contact with mental health services, and to discuss strategies for homicide prevention. An eight‐year (1996–2004) sample of 363 juvenile homicide perpetrators in England and Wales was examined. The majority of perpetrators were male, used a sharp instrument, and most victims were acquaintances or strangers. Over half had previously offended. A history of alcohol and/or drug misuse was common, as was the prevalence of family dysfunction, abuse, educational difficulties or discipline problems. Previous contact with mental health services was rare. Earlier intervention targeting social and psychological adversity and substance misuse could help to reduce the level of risk for future violence, and may reduce homicide rates among juveniles. Strengthening engagement with young offenders and increasing resources to prevent recidivism may also be beneficial.
Predictors of Pulmonary Hypertension on High-resolution Computed Tomography of the Chest in Systemic Sclerosis: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Pandey Anoop Kumar , Wilcox Pearce , Mayo John R. , Sin Donald , Moss Robert , Ellis Jennifer , Brown Jacquie , Leipsic Jonathon 
Published: April 2010

Purpose To evaluate the imaging features on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest and the clinical parameters that are associated with pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis. We specifically investigated whether main pulmonary artery (MPA) diameter and burden of lung fibrosis are predictors of pulmonary hypertension in these patients. Methods We retrospectively retrieved the database information of patients with systemic sclerosis seen at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2008. A total of 75 patients had HRCT of the chest, pulmonary function testing (PFT), and echocardiography within 6 months of each other. The echocardiography images were reviewed by a level-3 echocardiographer, and 29 cases were excluded because of suboptimal evaluation of pulmonary artery (PA) pressure. Peak PA pressures and PFT of the remaining 46 cases (43 women and 3 men) were charted. The PFT included total lung capacity (TLC), diffusion capacity of lung for carbon monooxide (DLCO) and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in one second and forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC). The HRCT of the chest of each patient was read by a chest radiologist. The extent of ground glass, reticulation, and honeycombing was objectively scored. The maximum diameter of the main pulmonary artery (MPAD) and ascending aorta were measured. The ratio of main pulmonary artery diameter and ascending aortic diameter (MPAD/AD) and ratio of main pulmonary artery diameter and body surface area (MPAD/BSA) were also calculated. Results Statistical analysis done by using a multivariate model showed that the calculated fibrotic score strongly correlated with peak PA pressures ( P < .001). MPAD ( P = .0175), and the ratio MPAD/AD ( P = .0102) also showed a statistically significant correlation with peak PA pressures. By using stepwise regression analysis, the fibrotic score was found to be the most reliable independent predictor of pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion HRCT-determined severity and extent of pulmonary fibrosis may be helpful in screening for pulmonary hypertension in patients with systemic sclerosis.
National Survey to Identify Subspecialties at Risk for Physician Shortages in Canadian Academic Radiology Departments
Authors: Ng Kai-Ling , Yazer Jo , Abdolell Mohammed , Brown Peter 
Published: April 2010

Purpose To identify subspecialty fields in Canadian academic radiology departments that are at risk for future manpower shortages. To determine reasons for the potential shortages and suggest potential solutions. Methods An anonymous online survey was sent by e-mail to radiology residents and academic radiology department heads in Canada. The survey was open from April 1 to August 1, 2006. Statistical analysis by using the SAS Frequency Procedure was performed on the results. Results Interventional radiology, neuroradiology, mammography, cardiac imaging, and pediatric radiology were identified as areas in which there will be increasing workforce demands. Mammography, pediatric radiology, and cardiac imaging were identified as areas in which there will be a potential decrease in supply. Of the residents, 65.83% intended on pursuing subspecialty training. Priorities were interesting work, job availability, and work schedule. Nuclear medicine, mammography, pediatric radiology, and interventional radiology were identified as the top 4 areas in which residents specifically did not want to pursue further subspecialty training. Only 15% of resident respondents received career counseling during residency, and only 50% of those residents thought it was adequate. Conclusions Our survey results indicate that mammography, cardiac imaging, and pediatric radiology are at risk for manpower shortages, and interventional radiology may be at risk. Increased efforts to recruit trainees may be necessary to ensure that these subspecialties maintain their presence in the future. Only 15% of the surveyed residents received career counseling during residency. This is a relatively untapped forum that academic staff could use to help recruit new trainees into these underserved subspecialties.
Assessing the Impact of Incidental Findings in a Lung Cancer Screening Study by Using Low-dose Computed Tomography
Authors: Kucharczyk Michael J. , Menezes Ravi J. , McGregor Alexander , Paul Narinder S. , Roberts Heidi C. 
Published: April 2010

Purpose To assess the prevalence and nature of incidental findings (IF) seen in low-dose computed tomographies (LDCT) from a lung cancer screening study for at-risk individuals. Materials and Methods Radiology reports from LDCTs of 4073 participants of a lung cancer screening study were retrospectively reviewed for findings other than lung nodules, that is, IFs, which were regarded as actionable. The frequency, nature, and expected cost of these IFs, and their anticipated follow-up were estimated. Results There were 880 IFs described in 782 study participants (19%); the median age of the participants was 62 years (range, 46–80 years). More IFs were found in men (55%) than in women. The majority of these findings were noncardiovascular (76%), for which imaging was suggested for 74%. There were 7 severe IFs (0.8%) that merited immediate attention. Seven known cancers were diagnosed from follow-ups of the IFs. The majority of IFs ( n = 486 [55%]) would require imaging follow-up if clinically indicated, with an estimated total a cost of CAN$45,500 to CAN$51,000 to provide initial diagnostic workup. Conclusion IFs on lung cancer screening studies are not uncommon and frequently require imaging or other follow-up for definitive diagnoses and to assess their clinical relevance. The implication of IFs has to be considered when determining a cost-effective and ethical protocol for the utilisation of LDCT in a high-risk population.