bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome in children
Authors: Itoh Yasuhiko , Shigemori Tomoko , Igarashi Tohru , Fukunaga Yoshitaka 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:  Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by widespread persistent pain and the presence of multiple discrete tender points. Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a syndrome characterized by debilitating fatigue associated with a variable number of non‐specific complaints. Because neither condition had necessarily been recognized in children until recently, those patients have been treated as having school refusal without being diagnosed as having either syndrome. There is a considerable overlap of clinical symptoms between these two syndromes. It is therefore controversial as to whether these syndromes have the same pathogenesis or not. The aim of the present study was to clarify the relationship between these syndromes in children.Methods:  Fifteen patients with FM and 21 patients with CFS were investigated both clinically and immunologically. Immunological assessments included thorough analysis of autoantibodies using several techniques.Results:  Anti‐nuclear antibody titers were higher and the prevalence of anti‐Sa antibody was far more frequent in CFS patients than in FM patients.Conclusion:  CFS and FM are different from each other at least in childhood, from an immunological aspect, although some patients could have both conditions.
Comparing the efficacy of nebulizer recombinant human DNase and hypertonic saline as monotherapy and combined treatment in the treatment of persistent atelectasis in mechanically ventilated newborns
Authors: Altunhan Hüseyin , Annagür Ali , Pekcan Sevgi , Örs Rahmi , Koç Hasan 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:  The purpose of the present study was to compare the cost‐effectiveness and efficacy of nebulizer recombinant human DNase (rhDNase) and hypertonic saline (HS) as monotherapy and combined treatment in neonatal atelectasis.Methods:  Eighty‐seven newborns with persistent atelectasis who did not respond to traditional treatment were studied retrospectively. Group 1 did not receive nebulizer drugs; Group 2 received 7%HS; Group 3 received rhDNase; and Group 4 received both 7%HS and rhDNase. Subjects' chest X‐ray scores, partial pressure of CO2, respiratory rate, fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) peak inspiratory pressure, atelectasis healing rate, median duration of nebulizer treatment and costs were compared.Results:  Percentages of improvement in atelectasis on Day 3 of treatment in Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 were 27, 70, 81 and 95%, respectively, while median duration of treatment was 8.1, 3.3, 2.9 and 2.4 days, respectively. Comparison of chest X‐ray scores, partial pressure of CO2, respiratory rate, FiO2 and peak inspiratory pressure values before and 48 h after treatment did not yield a significant difference for the control group (P > 0.05), while a marked improvement was observed in other groups for all parameters (P < 0.05). The most distinct improvement was in Group 4, followed by Group 3.Conclusions:  Although both the combined treatment with HS and rhDNase and their monotherapies are effective in the treatment of persistent atelectasis in newborns receiving mechanical ventilation, their combined use produces higher efficacy. The efficacy of rhDNase is superior to monotherapy with HS. Use of these two treatments concomitantly reduces the cost. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the first to use HS alone or in combination with rhDNase in newborn patients.
Delivery room blood pressure percentiles of healthy, singleton, liveborn neonates
Authors: Salihoğlu Özgül , Can Emrah , Beşkardeş Ayşegül , Koç Begüm Şirin , Tan İlhan , Can Günay , Hatipoğlu Sami 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:  Arterial blood pressure (BP) is one of the four vital signs that reflect cardiovascular status in neonates. The present study aimed to obtain BP percentiles among healthy, singleton, liveborn neonates between 34 and 43 weeks of gestation who were less than 1 h old.Methods:  BP measurements were taken after birth in supine‐positioned neonates in the delivery room using an oscillometric device. A total of 982 well‐nourished neonates who did not require resuscitation, were not fetally malnourished, were not admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit and were without obvious congenital abnormalities were included in the study.Results:  Sex‐ and type‐of‐delivery‐specific 5th and 95th percentiles BP measurements were obtained for gestation. Mean BP values for systolic, diastolic and mean of term neonates were 63.98 ± 12.29 mmHg, 38.34 ± 11.06 mmHg and 49.32 ± 11.33 mmHg, and late preterm neonates were 61.80 ± 12.46 mmHg, 33.17 ± 9.97 mmHg and 46.52 ± 10.8 mmHg, respectively. There were weak but significant correlations between birthweight, birth length and head circumference and systolic, diastolic and mean arterial BP values (r = 0.20, r = 0.15 and r = 0.20, respectively, P < 0.001). Neonates who were delivered vaginally had higher mean BP values for systolic, diastolic and mean than neonates delivered by cesarean section (P < 0.05). Female neonates had higher systolic BP values than male neonates (P < 0.05).Conclusion:  Data presented in this study include sex‐ and delivery‐mode‐specific BP percentile curves using an oscillometric method and serve as a valuable reference for physicians in dealing with the management of singleton, liveborn late preterm and term newborns in the delivery room intensive care.
Turkish version of the Stroke‐Specific Quality of Life Scale
Authors: Hakverdioğlu Yönt Gülendam , Khorshid Leyla 
Published: November 2011

Hakverdioğlu Yönt G. & Khorshid L. (2012) Turkish version of the Stroke‐Specific Quality of Life Scale. International Nursing Review59, 274–280Aim:  To test the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Stroke‐Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS‐QOL).Background:  Stroke is a leading cause of activity limitation and participation restriction that negatively affect health‐related quality of life. The assessment of SS‐QOL in stroke patients has not been validated in Turkey.Methods:  Cross‐sectional and methodological research design was used. Five hundred stroke survivors who had been diagnosed with stroke at least 6 months previously were included in this cross‐sectional study. The reliability of the SS‐QOL was based on internal consistency, item correlation. Construct validity was evaluated by Exploratory Factor Analysis. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for the total score of the SS‐QOL to establish the internal consistency of the instrument. Construct validity was assessed by comparing patients' scores on the SS‐QOL with those obtained by other test methods: SF‐36 Health Survey and Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living.Findings:  In the process of adaptation to the Turkish population, the scale was converted to 48 items. The correlation coefficient for the test‐retest scores of the SS‐QOL was calculated as 0.81. Internal consistency for the scale showed Cronbach's alpha = 0.97. As a result of applying factor analysis to the scale, eight factors were obtained, which accounted for 77.47% of the scale's total variance.Conclusion:  SS‐QOL is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring self‐reported health‐related quality of life at group level among people with stroke who are diagnosed with stroke at least 6 months previously in the Turkish population.
Simplex and Diamond Hierarchies: Models and Applications
Authors: Weiss K. , De Floriani L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHierarchical spatial decompositions are a basic modelling tool in a variety of application domains. Several papers on this subject deal with hierarchical simplicial decompositions generated through regular simplex bisection. Such decompositions, originally developed for finite elements, are extensively used as the basis for multi‐resolution models of scalar fields, such as terrains, and static or time‐varying volume data. They have also been used as an alternative to quadtrees and octrees as spatial access structures. The primary distinction among all such approaches is whether they treat the simplex or clusters of simplices, called diamonds, as the modelling primitive. This leads to two classes of data structures and to different query approaches. We present the hierarchical models in a dimension‐independent manner, and organize the description of the various applications, primarily interactive terrain rendering and isosurface extraction, according to the dimension of the domain.
Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma, a possible culprit in mycosis fungoides: an immunohistochemical study
Authors: Youssef R. , Hegazy R.A. , Fawzy M.M. , Abdel Halim D.M. , Nabil N. , Sayed S.S. , Shaker O.G. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground  It still remains debatable whether peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is pro‐ or antineoplastic, and its exact role in mycosis fungoides (MF) remains unclear.Objective  This prospective comparative study aimed to investigate the expression of PPARγ in MF and compare it with psoriatics and controls in a trial to deduce its possible role in MF. Also, we tried to clarify the relation between PPARγ and Bcl‐2 in MF.Methods  Twenty MF patients, 20 psoriatic patients and 20 controls were included. All participants underwent a skin biopsy, and immunohistochemical staining for both PPARγ and Bcl‐2 were performed. Western blot analysis was performed for detection of both PPARγ and Bcl‐2.Results  The mean area per cent of PPARγ measured in the MF patients (57.1217 ± 9.502417) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) when compared with that of both the psoriatics (2.989 ± 1.723) and controls (35.9357 ± 8.1789). The mean area per cent of Bcl‐2 in MF patients (9.3763 ± 6.6328) was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than that of both the psoriatics (2.35 ± 1.35) and the controls (0.73105 ± 0.5302)]. Our results were confirmed using the western blot analysis. We detected a highly significant positive correlation between the PPARγ and Bcl‐2 mean area per cents in all patients. In our MF patients, both parameters were also positively correlated with the age of the patient, duration and stage of MF (P < 0.05).Conclusion  Our data suggest a possible role for PPARγ in the pathogenesis of MF possibly through several mechanisms, one of which might be conferring upon the lymphoma cells, a survival advantage at least partially through up regulating Bcl‐2.
Serum apelin levels: clinical association with vascular involvements in patients with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Aozasa N. , Asano Y. , Akamata K. , Noda S. , Masui Y. , Yamada D. , Tamaki Z. , Tada Y. , Sugaya M. , Kadono T. , Sato S 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground  Apelin is a bioactive peptide exerting its pro‐angiogenic and pro‐fibrotic effects in a context‐dependent manner through the activation of its receptor APJ, which is ubiquitously expressed on the surface of various cell types. The activation of apelin/APJ signalling appears to be involved in the pathological process of fibrotic disorders, including liver cirrhosis.Objective  As an initial step to clarify the role of apelin/APJ signalling in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc), we investigated serum apelin levels and their clinical association in patients with SSc.Methods  Serum apelin levels were determined by a specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in 56 SSc patients and 18 healthy controls.Results  Serum apelin levels were comparable among three groups, including diffuse cutaneous SSc, limited cutaneous SSc and control subjects (1.77 ± 1.48, 1.63 ± 1.51 and 1.61 ± 0.44 ng/mL, respectively). When we classified SSc patients into three groups according to disease duration, serum apelin levels were elevated in early SSc (<3 years) compared with mid‐stage SSc (3–10 years) (1.74 ± 1.26 vs. 1.02 ± 0.52 ng/mL, P < 0.05). Importantly, in late stage SSc (>10 years), the prevalence of severe vascular involvements, including intractable skin ulcers, scleroderma renal crisis and pulmonary arterial hypertension, was significantly higher in patients with elevated serum apelin levels than in those without (100% vs. 20%, P < 0.05).Conclusion  Apelin may be associated with altered and activated angiogenesis prior to fibrotic responses in early SSc and with the development of proliferative vasculopathy in late stage SSc.
Differentiating Population Stratification from Genotyping Error Using Family Data
Authors: Sebro Ronnie , Lange Christoph , Laird Nan M. , Rogus John J. , Risch Neil J. 
Published: November 2011

SummaryIdentifying population stratification and genotyping error are important for candidate gene association studies using the Transmission Disequilibrium Test (TDT). Although the TDT retains the prespecified Type I error in the presence of population stratification, the test may have decreased power in the presence of population stratification. Genotyping error can also cause the TDT to have an elevated Type I error. Differentiating population stratification from genotyping error remains a challenge for geneticists. Both genotyping error and population stratification can result in an increase in the observed homozygosity of a sample relative to that expected assuming Hardy‐Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE). We show that when family data are available, even if a limited number of markers are genotyped, evaluating the markers that show statistically significant deviation from HWE with the Mating Type Distortion Test (MTDT) – a test based on the mating type distribution – can reliably differentiate genotyping error from population stratification. We simulate data based on several models of genotyping error in previously published literature, and show how this method could be used in practice to assist in differentiating population stratification from systematic genotyping error.
GM2 gangliosidosis in a UK study of children with progressive neurodegeneration: 73 cases reviewed
Authors: SMITH NICHOLAS J , WINSTONE ANNE MARIE , STELLITANO LESLEY , COX TIMOTHY M , VERITY CHRISTOPHER M 
Published: November 2011

Aim  To report the demographic, phenotypic, and time‐to‐diagnosis characteristics of children with GM2 gangliosidosis referred to the UK study of Progressive Intellectual and Neurological Deterioration.Method  Case notification is made via monthly surveillance card, administered by the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit to all UK‐based paediatricians; children with GM2 gangliosidosis were identified from cases satisfying inclusion in the UK study of Progressive Intellectual and Neurological Deterioration and analysed according to phenotypic and biochemical categories.Results  Between May 1997 and January 2010, 73 individuals with GM2 gangliosidoses were reported: 40 with Tay–Sachs disease, 31 with Sandhoff disease, and two with GM2 activator protein deficiency. Together they account for 6% (73/1164) of all diagnosed cases of progressive intellectual and neurological deterioration. The majority (62/73) were sporadic index cases with no family history. Children of Pakistani ancestry were overrepresented in all subtypes, particularly juvenile Sandhoff disease, accounting for 10 of 11 notified cases. Infantile‐onset variants predominated (55/73); the mean age at onset of symptoms was 6.2 and 4.7 months for infantile‐onset Tay–Sachs and Sandhoff disease respectively, and 26.2 and 34.7 months for the corresponding juvenile‐onset variants. Time to diagnosis averaged 7.4 months and 28.0 months in infantile‐ and juvenile‐onset disease respectively.Interpretation  GM2 gangliosidosis is a significant cause of childhood neurodegenerative disease; timely diagnosis relies upon improved clinical recognition, which may be increasingly important as specific therapies become available. There is a potential benefit from the introduction of screening programmes for high‐risk ethnic groups.
Genetic and environmental contributions to the relationship between education and anxiety disorders – a twin study
Authors: Tambs K. , Kendler K. S. , Reichborn‐Kjennerud T. , Aggen S. H. , Harris J. R. , Neale M. C. , Hettema J. M. , Sundet J. M. , Battaglia M. , Røysamb E. 
Published: November 2011

Tambs K, Kendler KS, Reichborn‐Kjennerud T, Aggen SH, Harris JR, Neale MC, Hettema JM, Sundet JM, Battaglia M, Røysamb E. Genetic and environmental contributions to the relationship between education and anxiety disorders – a twin study.Objective:  To examine the negative statistical relationship between educational level and risk of anxiety disorders, and to estimate to what extent this relationship may be explained by genes or environmental factors influencing both phenotypes.Method:  Registry data on educational level for 3339 young adult Norwegian twin pairs and diagnostic data on anxiety disorders for 1385 of these pairs were analysed, specifying structural equations models using MX software.Results:  In the best‐fitting model, genes accounted for 59% of the variance in education. 18% of the variance was due to environmental factors shared by co‐twins, and the remaining 23% due to non‐shared environment; 46% of the variance in liability to anxiety disorders was genetic, the remaining variance was due to non‐shared environment. A phenotypic polychoric correlation of −0.30 between educational level and ‘any anxiety disorder’ was estimated to be primarily (83% in the best‐fitting model) caused by genes common to the two traits.Conclusion:  The relationship between low education and risk of anxiety disorders appears to be primarily determined by genetic effect common to educational level and anxiety disorders.
Impact of implant diameter on bone level changes around platform switched implants: preliminary results of 18 months follow‐up a prospective randomized match‐paired controlled trial
Authors: Canullo Luigi , Iannello Giuliano , Penarocha Miguel , Garcia Berta 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectiveThis prospective randomized match‐paired controlled trial aimed to evaluate the impact of implant platform diameter on marginal bone level around implants restored according to the platform switching (PS) concept.Material and methodsA total of 24 implants were examined in 12 patients. All patients received two adjacent implants inserted at the crestal level: 4.3 mm (control group) and 4.8 mm (test group) in diameter. Mesio‐distal implant position was randomly performed. According to the PS concept, for restoration, a 3.8 and 4.3 mm diameter abutment was used, respectively in the control and test groups, resulting, in both groups, with 0.25 mm of implant/abutment mismatching. Implant restorations were splinted. Eighteen months after final restoration, periapical standardized digital radiographs were taken to evaluate marginal bone level alterations after loading. The Wilcoxon Signed‐Rank Test was selected to identify differences between groups.ResultsAt the last follow‐up, control implants exhibited a mean bone loss value of 1.10 mm (SD: 0.47 mm); the test group showed a mean value of 1.09 mm (SD: 0.08 mm). No statistically significant differences were found between test and control groups.ConclusionsWithin the limits of this study, the present results suggest that bone resorption is mostly related to biologic (biologic width re‐establishment) rather than to biomechanical factors (implant platform diameter). Furthermore long‐term studies with a wider sample size are needed to confirm the platform diameter influence on hard tissue response around implants restored according to the PS concept.
A comparison of implant‐retained mandibular overdentures and conventional dentures on quality of life in edentulous patients: a randomized, prospective, within‐subject controlled clinical trial
Authors: Harris David , Höfer Stefan , O'Boyle Ciaran A. , Sheridan Sean , Marley John , Benington Ian C. , Clifford Tom , Houston Frank , O'Connell Brian 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo determine any difference in patient response to implant overdentures compared with conventional complete dentures alone.Materials and methodsIn a randomized, prospective, controlled study, 122 edentulous patients (Mean age 64; 39 men, 83 women) underwent baseline assessment of denture satisfaction and quality of life using the Oral Health Impact Profile‐49 (OHIP‐49) and a Denture Satisfaction Questionnaire. All patients were provided with new conventional complete dentures (CCDs) that they wore for 3 months, at which point they were reassessed using the same measures. Patients were randomly assigned either to continue with CCDs (CC group) or to have implant‐retained overdentures (IODs) made (CI group). The CC group was assessed after a further 3 months (6 months after receiving CCDs). The CI group was assessed 3 months after receiving IODs.ResultsSignificant improvements in satisfaction and quality of life were found in the patients 3 months after receiving CCDs (P < 0.05). No further improvements were found in the CC group at 6 months on any of the measures. The CI group showed significant additional improvements at 3 months following IODs on the functional limitation, physical pain, psychological discomfort, physical disability, social disability, psychological disability and handicap scales of the OHIP and on 10 of the 11 scales of the Denture Satisfaction Questionnaire (P < 0.05, ANOVA).ConclusionsThe findings show that, controlling for expectancy bias and variability in baseline levels, IODs significantly increase patient satisfaction, dental function and quality of life over and above those achieved with good quality CCDs.
A critical review of diabetes, glycemic control, and dental implant therapy
Authors: Oates Thomas W. , Huynh‐Ba Guy , Vargas Adriana , Alexander Peggy , Feine Jocelyne 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo systematically examine the evidence guiding the use of implant therapy relative to glycemic control for patients with diabetes and to consider the potential for both implant therapy to support diabetes management and hyperglycemia to compromise implant integration.Material and MethodsA systematic approach was used to identify and review clinical investigations directly assessing implant survival or failure for patients with diabetes. A MEDLINE (PubMED) database search identified potential articles for inclusion using the search strategy: (dental implants OR oral implants) AND (diabetes OR diabetic). Inclusion in this review required longitudinal assessments including at least 10 patients, with included articles assessed relative to documentation of glycemic status for patients.ResultsAlthough the initial search identified 129 publications, this was reduced to 16, for inclusion. Reported implant failure rates for diabetic patients ranged from 0% to 14.3%. The identification and reporting of glycemic control was insufficient or lacking in 13 of the 16 studies with 11 of these enrolling only patients deemed as having acceptable glycemic control, limiting interpretation of findings relative to glycemic control. Three of the 16 studies having interpretable information on glycemic control failed to demonstrate a significant relationship between glycemic control and implant failure, with failure rates ranging from 0% to 2.9%.ConclusionsClinical evidence is lacking for the association of glycemic control with implant failure while support is emerging for implant therapy in diabetes patients with appropriate accommodations for delays in implant integration based on glycemic control. The role for implants to improve oral function in diabetes management and the effects of hyperglycemia on implant integration remain to be determined.