bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adolescents, Social Media and Access to Reproductive Health Information and Services in Ghana: Prospects and Challenges
Authors: Salifu Rahma , Abubakari Abdulai 
Published: May 2024

Social media is one of the variables affecting sexual behavior among teenagers in today’s society. This study was conducted in Tamale, Ghana, to examine adolescents’ application of social media to access and use reproductive health services. The study involved 342 adolescents randomly selected from multicultural and diverse backgrounds of students drawn from four Senior High Schools in the Tamale metropolis of the Northern Region. Data was collected using semi-structured questionnaires and interview guides. The quantitative data were analyzed using STATA 16.0, chi-square test of association, and binary logistic regression at a 5% significance level. The study found that 45.4% of adolescents accessed reproductive health (RH) information through social media. The study showed that there was a significant association between using a mobile phone to access RH information and romantic relationship (p < 0.001), awareness of reproductive health (p < 0.040), respondents’ place of residence (p < 0.040) and occupation of guardian (p < 0.040), mobile phone ownership (p < 0.004), social media use (p < 0.001), means of accessing RH using a mobile phone (p < 0.02) and whether their problem was solved (p < 0.001). The study concludes that, despite the high utilization of social media and awareness of reproductive health services, less than half (45.4%) of the adolescents use social media by adolescents to access adolescent reproductive health services in the Tamale metropolis.
CLINICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH MUSCULOSKELETAL TUBERCULOSIS VISITING A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE IN INDIA
Authors: BABU AMAR , NAMBIKUTTY ANEEN , VASUDEVAN VARUN , V MANOJKUMAR C. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Musculoskeletal tuberculosis a major cause of mortality and morbidity in India and other developing countries. Musculoskeletal TB comprises around 10 to 30% of all EPTB cases. Even though skeletal tuberculosis is an important debilitating disease, the literature in statistical data regarding the socio-demographic distribution and clinical presentation of disease is very scarce.

Objective: To study the socio- demographic and clinical profile of musculoskeletal tuberculosis patients reaching the Orthopaedics Department in a tertiary care hospital in India.

Methodology: 186 patients with musculoskeletal tuberculosis who have completed treatment were called for a follow up and data regarding demographic, person and illness related factors affecting disease were collected and were tabulated and represented in various charts and diagrams, and analysed.

Results: Almost equal sex distribution was seen. Maximum proportion (26%) of the patients were belonging to 40-49 age group, with a mean age of 49.6 years. Patients with age <40 had less incidence compared to middle aged and elderly patients. Maximum number of patients were belonging to upper lower class (102 out of 186). Spine was the commonest site involved among the 138 cases. Spinal involvement was predominant in dorso- lumbar junction followed by thoracic spine and lumbar spine. 100% patients had pain as the presenting complaint and other complaints were not consistent. Only 16% of the patients had history of pulmonary tuberculosis and history of contact with tuberculosis case was present in 25% cases. 28% cases were diabetic and other comorbidities were less frequent. 19% of the cases had multi drug resistance.

Conclusion: It was seen that Musculoskeletal tuberculosis is most frequently seen in middle age with majority of spine affected cases. The study reinforces the acquaintance of tuberculosis with low socioeconomic status and to some extend the debilitating diseases. It often has an atypical presentation leading to delay in diagnosis.
Fabrication and Characterization of Nanostructured Tin doped Indium Oxide Coatings by the Instrument of Spray Pyrolysis
Authors: Salam Amir Yousif  
Published: May 2024

Nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO) coating is one of the transparent conductive oxides (TCO) materials utilized as a transparent electrode. Due to its high demand in various applications like liquid crystal displays, touch screens, light emitting devices, and solar cells, ITO coatings have garnered significant research attention, owing to their excellent properties of high visible light transmittance and low resistance. Nanostructured coating of tin -doped Indium Oxide (ITO) was fabricated on glass slides utilizing the instrument of chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP), with varying levels of Sn-doping at 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt%. The effect of tin content on the many physical characteristics of the resulting coatings has been examined. The analysis of x-ray diffraction (XRD) displayed the characteristic orientations. The coatings have a polycrystalline cubic lattice structure along (400) as the preferred growth direction. Morphological measurements indicate that the samples possess a highly uniform surface and the grain size for the ITO samples is 100 nm displaying a nanostructure for all samples. The optical transmittance was measured over 75% for coating with tin content equal to 0wt%, while the transmittance of the Sn-doped films can range from 78% to 84% at 700 nm and the values of the direct bandgap were measured as 3.6, 3.65, 3.675, and 3.7eV for Sn doping 0, 3, 6, and 9 wt% respectively. In the visible area, the nanostructured ITO coatings exhibit elevated values of transmittance which makes them suitable for various optoelectronic applications such as window materials in solar cells. The results indicate a desirable reduction in the electrical resistivity with rising the number of carriers per unit volume and mobility with increasing tin content in the samples. The minimum electrical resistivity and maximum carrier concentration were achieved for ITO coating with tin content equal to 9wt%. The incorporation of Sn dopant significantly changes the overall electrical properties of indium oxide films, this is favorable for transparent conducting oxide.
The Effect Of Work Supervision, Competence And Work Motivation On Work Discipline Of Rattan Industry Employees PT. Totum Diba Cirebon Regency
Authors: Muhammad Riyandi Fahri , Putra Permana Ryalnaldi , Pratama Alfanda , Susijawati Noveria 
Published: May 2024

In company, nothing succeeds if it does not have disciplined employees. Work Discipline guarantees the implementation of tasks in orderly and smooth manner so as achieve optimal results. The purpose of this study is to determine the significant relationship between the influence of work supervision, competence and motivation on the work discipline of rattan industry employees of PT. Totum Diba, Cirebon Regency. In this study the research approach used was quantitative approach with survey / questionnaire method, and the data was tested using multiple linear regression test. The sample in this study is employees of PT. Totum Diba, Cirebon Regency totaled 160 respondents. The findings show that the sig value for the effect of Work Supervision (X1) Work Discipline has a positive influence of Work Supervision (X1) Work Discipline (Y), then it is known that the sig value for the influence Competence (X2) on work discipline (Y) that there is no influence for Competence (X2) work discipline (Y), and it is known that the sig value for the influence Motivation (X3) on Work Discipline (Y) there is a positive influence for Motivation (X3) on work discipline (Y). Based on the data, Work Supervision, Competence, and Work Motivation The results of multiple linear regression analysis show significance, This means that there is a simultaneous and significant influence on Work Discipline. Therefore, the level of work discipline is positively influenced by effective work supervision, high level of competence, and strong work motivation towards the Work Discipline of PT. Totum Diba, Cirebon Regency.
Conformal theory of central surface density for galactic dark halos
Authors: Nesbet R. K. 
Published: May 2024

Numerous dark matter studies of galactic halo gravitation depend on models with a core radius of r0 and a central density of ρ0. The central surface density product ρ0r0 is found to be nearly a universal constant for a large range of galaxies. Standard variational field theory with Weyl conformal symmetry postulated for gravitation and the Higgs scalar field, without dark matter, implies nonclassical centripetal acceleration Δa, for a=aN+Δa, where Newtonian acceleration aN is due to observable baryonic matter. Neglecting a halo cutoff at a very large galactic radius, conformal Δa is constant over the entire halo, and a=aN+Δa is a universal function, consistent with a recent study of galaxies with independently measured mass, that constrains acceleration due to dark matter or to an alternative theory. An equivalent dark matter source would be a pure cusp distribution with a cutoff parameter determined by a halo boundary radius. This is shown to imply a universal central surface density for any dark matter core model.
Positing Women Volunteers as Planetary Humanists Amid Refugee Crisis: A Literary Perspective
Authors: Rashed Sara 
Published: May 2024

The role of women is critical to both addressing the refugee crisis and promoting a planetary humanist perspective. By recognizing and valuing the contributions of women, we can work towards more equitable and sustainable solutions to global challenges. The paper attempts to explore the role of women as ‘volunteers’ who play a crucial role in supporting and assisting the refugees in Nadia Hashmi’s novel “when the moon is low” (2015). A lot of research has been carried out on women refugees in terms of trials and tribulations that they face in their migration journey including how their experiences as refugees are different from those of males taking into account factors such as race, ethnicity, religion, class, and sexuality, but no significant work has been done on the non-refugee women who volunteer themselves, both formally and informally, to support and assist the refugees on ground level. Such a concept presents a positive step towards a planetary humanist approach. Thus, the study proposes that it is paramount to consider the role of non-refugee women as volunteers in moving towards an all-inclusive planetary approach. To accomplish this, this paper aims to build a synapse between the notions of planetary humanism, refugee crisis, and volunteerism as presented by numerous theorists on the relevant areas such as Gilroy (2002), Phipps (2019), Lahusen, and Grasso (2018). Moreover, most of the work on volunteerism comprises field work based on quantitative analysis. This study however, applies this idea to the refugee narrative.
Analisis Dampak Hilirisasi Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Indonesia
Authors: Akhmadi Fauzan 
Published: May 2024

The processing and utilization of natural resources aims to meet all human needs in each country, both in the agriculture, fisheries, and mining sectors. Natural resource law focuses more on exploitation and utilization, while environmental law focuses on its preservation, indeed these two laws seem to contradict and there is a difference. But this is always related to each other and cannot be separated. Downstream which refers to the development or transformation of the added value of a product or commodity from raw materials upstream to semi-finished products or finished products downstream. In other words, through the downstream program, Indonesia has the opportunity to increase revenue by managing the production process from upstream to downstream. Downstream is the main focus of the government because downstream has significant added value potential for the country's economy. The government said the key to Indonesia's economic growth reaching 6-7% lies in downstream. One of the downstream industry programs is predicted to be an important step to support the momentum of golden Indonesia 2045.
Sport Massage dengan Metode Manurak dan Teknologi Massage GUN Sebagai Peluang Enterpreneur Bagi Pemuda di Era Society 5.0
Authors: Hidayatullah Muhammad Riyan , Anam Khaerul 
Published: May 2024

Keahlian sport massage sangat berpotensi menciptakan peluang kerja dalam membantu tingkat pelayanan pariwisata bagi wisatawan-wisatawan yang hendak berkunjung di Kawasan Pariwisata Super Prioritas Lombok. Sport massage metode manurak didukung dengan teknologi massage gun dapat mempermudah pekerjaan terapis dalam memberikan pelayanan terbaik kepada wisatawan. Teknologi massage gun membantu mempermudah kinerja terapis dan meminimalisir tingkat kelelahan terapis selama pelayanan massage. Tujuan dan manfaat yang ingin dicapai secara umum adalah untuk memberikan bekal keilmuan dan pengetahuan tentang sport massage dengan metode Manurak dan Teknologi Massage Gun sebagai peluang entrepreneur Bagi Pemuda di Era Society 5.0 desa Gunung Jae Kec. Narmada Kab. Lombok Barat. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian yang dilakukan pada program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan agar terciptanya kreativitas dan kemampuan pemuda melalui 3 tahapan, yaitu: metode pelatihan, pendampingan dan evaluasi. Acara pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini sangat bermanfaat untuk para peserta, dapat dilihat dari antusias para peserta dalam mengikuti kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini. Semua peserta merespon baik dengan adanya kegiatan ini, karena mereka dapat meningkatkan skill mereka dalam bidang Sport Massage dan Sport Enterpreneurship.
Phyto-constituents of the Dichloromethane Extracts of the Bulbs of Selected Genera in the Family Amaryllidaceae
Authors: Bassey Margaret Emmanuel , Johnny Imoh Imeh , Iwu Ogechi Queeneth , Umoh Omodot Timothy , Ochuko Augustine Ogenekevwe 
Published: May 2024

The analysis of phytoconstituents present in the dichloromethane extract of the bulb of Hippeastrum vittatum (L’Her.) Herb., Proiphys amboinensis (L.) Herb., Urceolina amazonica (Linden) Christenh. & Byng., Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb., Crinum jagus (J. Thomps.) Dandy and Zephyranthes carinata Herb. by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out using standard methods. The Results of the GC-MS analysis of Hippeastrum vittatum, Proiphys amboinensis, Urceolina amazonica, Hymenocallis littoralis, Crinum jagus and Zephyranthes carinata revealed the presence of 50, 66, 61, 57, 56 and 61 peaks indicating the presence of the number of phytochemical constituents respectively. Phytol was present in Hymennocallis littoralis (0.41%) and Urceolina amazonica (0.79%) only. N-hexadecanoic acid, Di mevalonic acid lactone, Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester and Stigmasterol were present in all. Apiol and Xanthoxylin were absent in H. littoralis and P. amboniensis respectively. Oleic acid was present in Z. carinata (2.01%), P. amboniensis (1.85%) and U. amazonica (2.03%). Sakuranin was found in H. littoralis (3.42%), C. jagus (1.38%) and U. amazonica (4.43%). Linoleic acid ethyl ester was present in P. amboniensis (1.49%), U. amazonica (0.16%), H. littoralis (11.91%) and Z. carinata (0. 8 8%). The major components that delimited the species were as follows; In Hymenocallis littoralis was Liriodendromin (14.03%), Linoleic acid ethyl ester (11.91%) and Ethyl oleate (9.38%); in Zephranthes carinata; Phthalic acid, 4-methoxybenzyl methyl ester (15.34%) Gatanthamine, 3-O-acetyl-1, 2, dihydro (8.87%) Stigmasterol (5.87%); in Hippeastrum vittatum; N-benzyl-2-[1-(4-methoxyl-phenyl 1) – 1 H-tetrazo (14.94%), Benzaminde, 2-amino-N-(4-ethoxyphenyl) (12.65%) and 1-(5-methyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenyl propane (10.49%); in Crinum jagus; 2H-1-Benzopyran-7-ol, 3,4-dihydro-3-(2-hyrdo) (19.87%), Benzamide, 2-amino-N- (4-ethoxyphenyl) (9.92%) and Stigmasterol (4.04%); in Proiphys amboniensis; Gamma-sitosterol (16.98%), Stigmasterol (11.49%) and N-Hexadecanoic acid(5.05%); in U. amazonica; 3-Furanacetic acid, 4-hexyl-2, 5-dihydro-2, 5 (12.73%), Benzamide, 2-amino-N- (4-ethoxyphenyl) (8.18%) and Phenyl, 2-(3,4-dihydro 2-methoxyl-2H-1-benzopy) (6.40%). The presence of various bioactive compounds may be responsible for the application of these species in the treatment and management of various ailments in folklore medicine. However, in vitro and in vivo studies, isolation of individual phytoconstituents and their mechanism of action may proceed to find a novel drug or lead compound for use as medicine.
Comparative Study on Anti-Diabetic Activity of Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava
Authors: Madhavi Pillalamarri , Niharika D. , Niharika B. , Ali Marfat , Islam Saidul , Ramya C. 
Published: May 2024

Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterised by decreased insulin signalling and persistent hyperglycaemia. The most frequent progression of diabetes is known as diabetes mellitus which is defined as persistent hyperglycaemia brought on by either peripheral insulin resistance or impaired pancreatic β cell production of insulin. This condition is caused by the disruptions in the digestion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins which are caused by defects in the production, release and regulation of insulin. The breakdown of carbohydrates is significantly aided by the intestinal digestive enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase. One type of antidiabetic treatment is to lower the blood glucose levels after a meal by blocking the enzymes α-glucosidase and α-amylase. This could be a key tactic in blood glucose control. When compared to other commercial pharmaceuticals used to treat diabetes, herbal treatments are thought to be more in harmony with the human body and to have less harmful side effects. This herbal remedy is reasonably priced as well. The aim of the current study is to compare the anti- diabetic activity of the methanolic extracts of Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava. The methods used in the determination of invitro antidiabetic activity are alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory assays. In the current study, when compared the individual inhibition activity of Momordica charantia and Psidium guajava on the intestinal enzymes (alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase), Momordica charantia has the highest inhibition that is 79.83% at 0.8 mL concentration while the Psidium guajava has shown only 70.58% inhibition at 0.8 mL concentration. Which suggests that the presence of bio active compounds may be responsible for the plants many medicinal uses, including the treatment of diabetes.
Social group norms, school norms, and children's aggressive intentions
Authors: Nipedal Christian , Nesdale Drew , Killen Melanie 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study examined whether the effect of social group norms on 7‐ and 10‐year‐old children's aggression can be moderated or extinguished by contrary school norms. Children (n=384) participated in a simulation in which they were assigned membership in a social group for a drawing competition against an outgroup. Participants learnt that their group had a norm of inclusion, exclusion, or exclusion‐plus‐relational aggression, toward non‐group members, and that the school either had a norm of inclusion, or no such norm. Findings indicated that group norms influenced the participants' direct and indirect aggressive intentions, but that the school norm moderated the group norm effect, with the school's norm effect tending to be greater for indirect vs. direct aggression, males vs. females, and younger vs. older participants. Discussion focused on how school norms can be developed, endorsed, and presented so that they have their most lasting effect on children. Aggr. Behav. 36:195–204, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does modified interpretation bias influence automatic avoidance behaviour?
Authors: Lange Wolf‐Gero , Salemink Elske , Windey Ine , Keijsers Ger P. J. , Krans Julie , Becker Eni S. , Rinck Mike 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCognitive bias modification (CBM) studies suggest a causal role of interpretation biases in the aetiology and maintenance of Social Anxiety Disorder. However, it is unknown if the effects of induced biases transfer to behaviour. In two analogue studies, behavioural changes in response to aversive and positive stimuli were measured after the induction of positive and negative interpretation biases in ‘averagely anxious’ participants. Responses to emotional multi‐facial displays (‘crowds’) were measured using an indirect Approach–Avoidance Task (AAT). The crowds comprised different ratios of either neutral and angry faces or happy and angry faces. In Experiment 1, negatively trained participants (NETs) showed a faster avoidance response for the neutral–angry crowds when the number of angry pictures in the crowd increased. This response pattern resembles the one previously found in socially anxious individuals. Experiment 2 replicated the effect of the cognitive bias manipulation on conceptually comparable material, but did not show transfer to the behavioural task. These studies add to the body of knowledge regarding successful modification of interpretive bias and generalizability to a behavioural task. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metacognitive beliefs increase vulnerability to rumination
Authors: Moulds Michelle L. , Yap Carol S. L. , Kerr Emma , Williams Alishia D. , Kandris Eva 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMetacognitive beliefs about the benefits of rumination are associated with rumination and depression; however, the direction of these relationships remains unclear. Two experiments examined whether individuals with high positive beliefs about rumination engaged in more rumination following a laboratory‐based stressor than individuals with low levels of such beliefs. In Study 1, participants with high levels of positive beliefs reported more rumination following receipt of negative feedback on a forced‐failure anagram task. In Study 2, participants with high levels of positive beliefs reported more rumination compared to participants with low levels of positive beliefs, regardless of whether they received negative feedback, positive feedback or no feedback on their performance. Our findings demonstrate the importance of positive beliefs about rumination, and highlight the utility of treatment approaches that aim to reduce rumination by targeting such unhelpful metacognitive beliefs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of suppressing negative memories on intrusions and autobiographical memory specificity
Authors: Geraerts Elke , Hauer Beatrijs J. A. , Wessel Ineke 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study examines whether avoidance of negative memories results in intrusions as well as reduced memory specificity. Healthy participants suppressed memories of either a negative or a neutral autobiographical event. Individuals who suppressed negative memories tended to demonstrate smaller increases in negative mood than those who did not suppress their negative target memory. Neither suppression nor valence of the to‐be‐suppressed memory predicted decreases in memory specificity. Target memory‐related intrusions during autobiographical memory retrieval predicted larger reductions in specific memory recall. Our findings are discussed in terms of affect regulation and other accounts of over‐general memory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.