bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Repurposing Sewage and Toilet Systems: Environmental, Public Health, and Person‐Centered Healthcare Applications
Authors: Yigci Defne , Bonventre Joseph , Ozcan Aydogan , Tasoglu Savas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlobal terrestrial water supplies are rapidly depleting due to the consequences of climate change. Water scarcity results in an inevitable compromise of safe hygiene and sanitation practices, leading to the transmission of water‐borne infectious diseases, and the preventable deaths of over 800.000 people each year. Moreover, almost 500 million people lack access to toilets and sanitation systems. Ecosystems are estimated to be contaminated by 6.2 million tons of nitrogenous products from human wastewater management practices. It is therefore imperative to transform toilet and sewage systems to promote equitable access to water and sanitation, improve public health, conserve water, and protect ecosystems. Here, the integration of emerging technologies in toilet and sewage networks to repurpose toilet and wastewater systems is reviewed. Potential applications of these systems to develop sustainable solutions to environmental challenges, promote public health, and advance person‐centered healthcare are discussed.
Differential levels of circulating RNAs prior to endometrial cancer diagnosis
Authors: Rostami Sina , Rounge Trine B. , Pestarino Luca , Lyle Robert , Fortner Renée Turzanski , Haaland Øystein Ariansen , Lie Rolv T. , Wiklund Fredrik , Bjørge Tone , Langseth Hilde 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEndometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common female cancers and there is currently no routine screening strategy for early detection. An altered abundance of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) and other RNA classes have the potential as early cancer biomarkers. We analyzed circulating RNA levels using small RNA sequencing, targeting RNAs in the size range of 17–47 nucleotides, in EC patients with samples collected prior to diagnosis compared to cancer‐free controls. The analysis included 316 cases with samples collected 1–11 years prior to EC diagnosis, and 316 matched controls, both from the Janus Serum Bank cohort in Norway. We identified differentially abundant (DA) miRNAs, isomiRs, and small nuclear RNAs between EC cases and controls. The top EC DA miRNAs were miR‐155‐5p, miR‐200b‐3p, miR‐589‐5p, miR‐151a‐5p, miR‐543, miR‐485‐5p, miR‐625‐p, and miR‐671‐3p. miR‐200b‐3p was previously reported to be among one of the top miRNAs with higher abundance in EC cases. We observed 47, 41, and 32 DA miRNAs for EC interacting with BMI, smoking status, and physical activity, respectively, including two miRNAs (miR‐223‐3p and miR‐29b‐3p) interacting with all three factors. The circulating RNAs are altered and show temporal dynamics prior to EC diagnosis. Notably, DA miRNAs for EC had the lowest q‐value 4.39–6.66 years before diagnosis. Enrichment analysis of miRNAs showed that signaling pathways Fc epsilon RI, prolactin, toll‐like receptor, and VEGF had the strongest associations.
Ruthenium complexes bearing nile red chromophore and one of its derivative: Theoretical evaluation of PDT‐related properties
Authors: Barretta Pierraffaele , Scoditti Stefano , Belletto Daniele , Ponte Fortuna , Vigna Vincenzo , Mazzone Gloria , Sicilia Emilia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe outcomes of DFT‐based calculations are here reported to assess the applicability of two synthesized polypyridyl Ru(II) complexes, bearing ethynyl nile red (NR) on a bpy ligand, and two analogues, bearing modified‐NR, in photodynamic therapy. The absorption spectra, together with the non‐radiative rate constants for the S1 – Tn intersystem crossing transitions, have been computed for this purpose. Calculations evidence that the structural modification on the chromophore destabilizes the HOMO of the complexes thus reducing the H‐L gap and, consequently, red shifting the maximum absorption wavelength within the therapeutic window, up to 620 nm. Moreover, the favored ISC process from the bright state involves the triplet state closest in energy, which is also characterized by the highest SOC value and by the involvement of the whole bpy ligand bearing the chromophore in delocalising the unpaired electrons. These outcomes show that the photophysical behavior of the complexes is dominated by the chromophore.
Modeling the impact of measured and projected climate and management systems on agricultural fields: Surface runoff, soil moisture, and soil erosion
Authors: Lee Sanghyun , Moriasi Daniel N. , Fortuna Ann‐Marie , Mirchi Ali , Danandeh Mehr Ali , Chu Maria L. , Guzman Jorge A. , Starks Patrick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs global climate change poses a challenge to crop production, it is imperative to prioritize effective adaptation of agricultural systems based on a scientific understanding of likely impacts. In this study, we applied an integrated watershed modeling framework to examine the impacts of projected climate on runoff, soil moisture, and soil erosion under different management systems in Central Oklahoma. The proposed model uses measured climate data and three downscaled ensembles from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) at the water resources and erosion watershed to understand the impact of climate change and various climate conditions under three management systems: (1) continuous winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) under conventional tillage (WW‐CT; baseline system), (2) continuous winter wheat under no‐till (WW‐NT), and (3) cool and warm season forage cover crop mixes under no‐till (CC‐NT). The study indicates that the occurrence of agricultural drought is projected to increase while erosion rates will remain unchanged under the WW‐CT. In contrast, climate simulations imposed on the WW‐NT and CC‐NT systems significantly reduce runoff and sediment while preserving soil moisture levels. Especially, implementing the CC‐NT system can bolster food security and foster sustainable farming practices in Central Oklahoma in the face of a changing climate.
International tourism and economic growth: Empirical evidence from Kerala
Authors: Praveen Anandu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the trend and growth pattern of international tourism and analyzes the impact of tourism on the economic growth of Kerala for the past four decades from 1980 to 2019. The time series analysis employed in this study uses the secondary data on Net State Domestic Product (NSDP) of Kerala at constant prices, foreign tourist arrivals (FTA), and foreign exchange earnings (FEE) at constant prices, collected from various sources of the State and Central Government. The methodology of this study uses the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test for unit root, followed by the Johansen Cointegration test, the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), and the Granger Causality test. The results of the analysis reveal the existence of a positive and significant unidirectional long‐run causality running from tourism to the economic growth of Kerala and a bidirectional causal relationship between tourism development and the economic growth in the short run.
Magnetically Active Bicontinuous Polymer Structures for Multiple Controlled Drug Delivery
Authors: Lacroce Elisa , Pizzetti Fabio , Urrego Nicolás M. Barbosa , Nunziata Giuseppe , Masi Maurizio , Rossi Filippo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe targeted delivery of drugs using wireless navigable magnetic robots allows the delivery of drug molecules to be controlled non only in time but also in space, improving medical outcomes. The main disadvantages behind their use lies in the low amount of drug that can be transported and the single nature of drug that can be loaded (hydrophilic or hydrophobic). These considerations limit their use in co‐delivery systems, now recognized to be very promising for many different pathologies. A magnetic bijel‐like structure is developed to load and release different types of molecules (hydrophilic and hydrophobic). In this work, the use of ε‐caprolactone is explored, which can polymerize, forming hydrophobic domains (oil phase). After mixing with iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs), the water dispersion creates a magnetic biphasic porous structure without phase separation. The resulting device shows good performance both in magnetic actuation and as a drug delivery system.
Simulation‐Guided Design of Gradient Multilayer Microwave Absorber with Tailored Absorption Performance
Authors: Wang Ye , Lv Chunzheng , Zhang Xuan , Liu Xingang , Zhang Chuhong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFlexible microwave absorber (MAR), vital in advanced applications such as wearable electronics and precision devices, are highly valued for their lightweight, exceptional electromagnetic waves (EWs), and ease of fabrication. However, optimizing the electromagnetic parameters of microwave absorption materials (MAMs) to enhance absorption ability and expand effective absorption broadband (EAB, reflection loss (RL) <−10 dB) is a considerable challenge. Herein, a permittivity‐attenuation evaluation diagram (PAED) is constructed using parameter scanning based on the Materials Genome Initiative to determine the ideal electromagnetic parameters and thickness, optimize absorption efficiency, and obtain highly efficient absorbers. Guided by the PAED, a multilayer MAR consisting of a “matching‐absorption‐reflection layer” and a dielectric loss gradient aligned with the direction of EWs propagation is developed. This design significantly enhances the EWs penetration and ensures effective absorption, attributed to the well‐matched impedance and attenuation characteristics. As anticipated, the microwave absorption of the absorber (density = 0.063 g cm−3) is optimized, with an RL of −34 dB at d = 4 mm and an EAB covering the entire X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz). This study presents a novel approach for establishing a material database for MAMs and developing high‐performance absorbers characterized by thinness, lightness, broad operational frequency range, and robust absorption capacity.
Two days before Friday versus 2 days from today: How future (vs. present) anchors in deadlines increase goal achievement
Authors: Lim Ga Young , Kim Aekyoung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile deadlines are routinely used as a strategy to achieve goals, the way these deadlines are described has been relatively overlooked in terms of their influence on decision‐making. We examined the unique effect of future (vs. present) anchors in deadlines on ones' goal achievement. A field study shows that a deadline with a future anchor encourages people to complete a task more effectively within the deadline than a deadline with a present anchor (Study 1). In Study 2, we further demonstrated the positive effect of future (vs. present) anchors on individuals' goal achievement in a more controlled lab setting. Study 3 provided support for our mechanism by examining individuals' perceived time availability until the deadline underlies this effect. Studies 4 and 5 delved deeper, investigating our mechanism by examining individuals' dispositional time value as an important moderator. This research enriches our understanding of time perception and decision‐making, and offers valuable insights on how to strategically deal with deadlines to enhance one's goal achievement.
Multilayer circular SIW cavity differential bandpass filter with wide‐stopband characteristics
Authors: Medda Amrita , Azad Amit Ranjan , Mohan Akhilesh , Sinha Manoranjan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, a compact differential bandpass filter with wide‐stopband is presented. The proposed differential filter is designed using two circular substrate‐integrated waveguide (SIW) cavities coupled through a pair of symmetric coupling slots. The filter operates in TM110 mode of the circular SIW cavity. The degenerate TM110 mode is shifted to higher frequency by the introduction of two pairs of perturbation vias. The center frequency of the differential passband can be tuned by changing different design parameters such as location of perturbation vias and length of the slotlines. As a proof of the proposed concept, a second‐order differential bandpass filter is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results are in good agreement with the electromagnetic‐simulated ones.
Fast and High‐Resolution T2 Mapping Based on Echo Merging Plus k‐t Undersampling with Reduced Refocusing Flip Angles (TEMPURA) as Methods for Human Renal MRI
Authors: Li Hao , Priest Andrew N. , Horvat‐Menih Ines , Huang Yuan , Li Shaohang , Stewart Grant D. , Mendichovszky Iosif A. , Francis Susan T. , Gallagher Ferdia A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop a highly accelerated multi‐echo spin‐echo method, TEMPURA, for reducing the acquisition time and/or increasing spatial resolution for kidney T2 mapping.MethodsTEMPURA merges several adjacent echoes into one k‐space by either combining independent echoes or sharing one echo between k‐spaces. The combined k‐space is reconstructed based on compressed sensing theory. Reduced flip angles are used for the refocusing pulses, and the extended phase graph algorithm is used to correct the effects of indirect echoes. Two sequences were developed: a fast breath‐hold sequence; and a high‐resolution sequence. The performance was evaluated prospectively on a phantom, 16 healthy subjects, and two patients with different types of renal tumors.ResultsThe fast TEMPURA method reduced the acquisition time from 3–5 min to one breath‐hold (18 s). Phantom measurements showed that fast TEMPURA had a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 8.2%, which was comparable to a standardized respiratory‐triggered sequence (7.4%), but much lower than a sequence accelerated by purely k‐t undersampling (21.8%). High‐resolution TEMPURA reduced the in‐plane voxel size from 3 × 3 to 1 × 1 mm2, resulting in improved visualization of the detailed anatomical structure. In vivo T2 measurements demonstrated good agreement (fast: MAPE = 1.3%–2.5%; high‐resolution: MAPE = 2.8%–3.3%) and high correlation coefficients (fast: R = 0.85–0.98; high‐resolution: 0.82–0.96) with the standardized method, outperforming k‐t undersampling alone (MAPE = 3.3–4.5%, R = 0.57–0.59).ConclusionTEMPURA provides fast and high‐resolution renal T2 measurements. It has the potential to improve clinical throughput and delineate intratumoral heterogeneity and tissue habitats at unprecedented spatial resolution.
A new laboratory‐based method to experimentally induce diagenetic modifications in human bone tissue using archaeological gravesoils
Authors: Caruso Valentina , Marinoni Nicoletta , Diella Valeria , Ferrari Elena , Possenti Elena , Trombino Luca , Cattaneo Cristina , Viani Alberto 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe conditions of the burial environment trigger microstructural modifications and physical‐chemical changes in the bone, such as chemical dissolution, increase of crystallinity, chemical exchanges, collagen degradation and changes in porosity, hence to reproduce these patterns is a challenging task. This work presents a new method to accelerate the diagenetic processes in the laboratory. Artificial aging is obtained by immersion at 80°C in “enriched” solutions derived from the leaching of gravesoils, maintaining the same pH, for 1 month, on modern bones collected from an autopsy. Two distinct solutions from two graves of the necropolis of Travo (IT) (7th–8th century AD) were adopted. The induced damage patterns, on the bone microstructure and the organo‐mineral fraction, have been compared with those observed on buried skeletal elements from the same graves, by providing a multi‐analytical approach (BSE‐SEM, EMPA, FT‐IR, MP‐AES). Bioapatite parameters, such as crystallinity index and Ca/P molar ratio, evolved similarly and, in some cases, reached the same values of buried bones. Conversely, in the absence of microbial activity, the organic fraction better survived the artificial aging. For the same reason, the porosity due to bioerosion was absent in the artificially aged samples, whereas the biological pores and the post‐mortem fractures exhibited the same histomorphology. It is believed that the opportunity of reproducing the diagenetic changes by replicating the chemical environment of the burial site at the laboratory scale is of great interest to forensic science and archaeology (e.g., to reconstruct the burial environment).
Association between psychological resilience and body mass index in a community‐based population: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zheng Nan , Zhuang Mansi , Zhu Yanan , Wang Yu , Ye Meijie , Zhang Yasi , Zhan Yiqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveWhile earlier studies have focused on the relationship between stress and obesity, there was a gap in understanding the potential impact of positive psychological factors, such as resilience, on obesity. By investigating the role of psychological resilience with obesity, this study aimed to address this gap and tackle obesity through a positive psychological framework.MethodsParticipants consisted of 2445 community residents from Shenzhen, China, with a mean age of 41.09 ± 13.72 years, comprising 846 males and 1599 females. Psychological resilience was measured using the Brief Resilience Scale; gender, age, marital status, education level, smoking status, alcohol consumption, frequency of physical exercise, and perceived stress were considered potential confounding factors. The relationship between psychological resilience and body mass index (BMI) was examined through multiple linear regression and logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe participants had an average psychological resilience score of 3.46 (standard deviation [SD] = 0.62) and an average BMI of 22.59 (SD = 3.35), with 104 individuals (4.3%) identified with obesity. In the fully adjusted multiple linear regression model, a higher psychological resilience score was associated with a higher BMI (β = 0.507, 95% CI:0.283, 0.731). In the logistic regression model, higher psychological resilience scores were linked to increased obesity risk, with a more significant association observed among males (odds ratio [OR] = 2.169, 95% CI:1.155, 4.073), while psychological resilience acted as a protective factor against underweight among females (OR = 0.528, 95% CI:0.376, 0.816).ConclusionThe study demonstrated a significant link between higher psychological resilience and elevated BMI, emphasizing the complex relationship between psychological fortitude and weight management. Interventions targeting socioeconomic status, education, lifestyle habits, and physiological well‐being might offer a promising strategy for enhancing psychological resilience and promoting healthier weight. Emphasizing self‐efficacy and coping skills at the individual level could contribute to balanced weight and comprehensive health outcomes, addressing the global challenge of obesity.
A systematic investigation of solution and technological parameters for the fabrication and characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol–chitosan electrospun nanofibers
Authors: Vu Thi Hong Nhung , Morozkina Svetlana N. , Sitnikova Vera E. , Olekhnovich Roman O. , Podshivalov Aleksandr V. , Uspenskaya Mayya V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNanomaterials, particularly nanofibers are demonstrating exceptional potential for medical applications considered as promising systems for the integration of drug molecules, providing an enhancement of drug effectiveness and safety, while reducing drug side effects. Nanofibers based on two polymeric matrices poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and chitosan (CS) have been demonstrated to be safe and promising materials for the drug integration and targeted drug delivery. This article studied the factors influencing on the fabrication and properties of PVA–CS nanofibers, including the impact of solution components on solution structure, rheological properties, electrospinning technology parameters, as well as the structure and thermomechanical properties of the obtained nanofibers have been investigated in details. The increasing of acetic acid concentration has the effect of pH lowering as well as electrical conductivity while heightening its viscosity. The pH, conductivity, and viscosity values of the solution rises as the CS concentration increases. Based on the Hildebrand‐Scatchard solubility theory, calculated Teas diagrams that account intermolecular interactions allow to predict low‐defect nanofibers based on PVA–CS in binary solvent systems with a greater concentration of hydrogen bonds. The optimal solution content and electrospinning parameters were determined. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed that the two polymer materials have a good interaction and the acetic acid was completely separated from the PVA–CS nanofibers. The XRD spectrum reveals that the crystal lattice parameters of the nanofibers change according to the polymer ratio. The polymers ratio also influence on the thermal and tensile properties. Such biosafe polymer materials may be considered as the promising drug delivery systems with the targeted mode of action.
Long‐term combination therapy with metformin and oxymetholone in a Fanconi anemia mouse model
Authors: Dorrell Craig , Peters Alexander M. , Zhang Qingshuo , Balaji Niveditha , Baradar Kevin , Mochizuki‐Kashio Makiko , Major Angela , Finegold Milton , Liu Chih‐Wei , Lu Kun , Grompe Markus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFanconi anemia (FA) is a disease caused by defective deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair that manifests as bone marrow failure, cancer predisposition, and developmental defects. We previously reported that monotherapy with either metformin (MET) or oxymetholone (OXM) improved peripheral blood (PB) counts and the number and functionality of bone marrow hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) number in Fancd2−/− mice. To evaluate whether the combination treatment of these drugs has a synergistic effect to prevent bone marrow failure in FA, we treated cohorts of Fancd2−/− mice and wildtype controls with either MET alone, OXM alone, MET+OXM, or placebo diet from age 3 weeks to 18 months. The OXM treated animals showed modest improvements in blood parameters including platelet count (p = .01) and hemoglobin levels (p < .05). In addition, the percentage of quiescent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) (LSK [Lin−Sca+c‐Kit+]) was significantly increased (p = .001) by long‐term treatment with MET alone. The combination of metformin and oxymetholone did not result in a significant synergistic effect in any hematopoietic parameter. Gene expression analysis of liver tissue from these animals showed that some of the expression changes caused by Fancd2 deletion were partially normalized by metformin treatment. Importantly, no adverse effects of the individual or combination therapies were observed, despite the long‐term administration. We conclude that androgen therapy is not a contraindication to concurrent metformin administration in clinical trials.Highlights
Long‐term coadministration of metformin in combination with oxymetholone is well tolerated by Fancd2−/− mice.
Hematopoietic stem cell quiescence in mutant mice was enhanced by treatment with metformin alone.
Metformin treatment caused a partial normalization of gene expression in the livers of mutant mice.