bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Red cloverTrifolium pratense(Linn.) isoflavones extract on the pain threshold of normal and ovariectomized rats – a long‐term study
Authors: Vishali Nagarajan , Kamakshi Krishnaswamy , Suresh Sekar , Prakash Seppan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDepletion of estrogens occurs in women during menopause, while in experimental animals, oophorectomy is a common method to deplete the animals of their gonadal hormones. Recently, phytoestrogens derived from plants have been tried as estrogen substitutes during menopause. In the present study an isoflavones methanol extract from red cloverTrifolium pratense(Linn.) was administered orally (500 mg/kg of body weight) to ovariectomized (OVX) and normal (controls) rats for 90 and 180 days. Their pain threshold was monitored using tail flicking and formalin test methods. Observations showed that the OVX rat pain threshold was reduced due to estrogen deprivation, whereas the pain threshold levels in OVX rats treated with isoflavones extract was similar to the control animals. The present study demonstrated the influence of phytoestrogen on long‐term OVX rats in pain perception in the absence of ovarian estrogen and without toxic side effects. However, the actions of gonadal hormones on nociceptive axis are myriad and complex, so further studies on the exact physiological mechanism of the phytoestrogen action on nociceptive axis is warranted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Suppression of ovalbumin‐induced airway inflammatory responses in a mouse model of asthma by Mimosa pudica extract
Authors: Yang Eun Ju , Lee Ji‐Sook , Yun Chi‐Young , Ryang Yong Suk , Kim Jong‐Bae , Kim In Sik 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAsthma is an inflammatory airway disease. The pathogenic mechanisms of asthma include the infiltration of leukocytes and release of cytokines. Mimosa pudica (Mp) has been used traditionally for the treatment of insomnia, diarrhea and inflammatory diseases. Although Mp extract has various therapeutic properties, the effect of this extract on asthma has not yet been reported. This study investigated the suppressive effects of Mp extract on asthmatic responses both in vitro and in vivo. Mp extract was acquired from dried and powdered whole plants of M. pudica using 80% ethanol. BALB/c mice were used for the mouse model of asthma induced by ovalbumin. Mp extract significantly inhibited the HMC‐1 cell migration induced by stem cell factor and blocked the release of monocyte chemotactic protein‐1 (MCP‐1) and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in EoL‐1 cells. Leukocytosis, eosinophilia and mucus hypersecretion in asthmatic lung were significantly suppressed by Mp extract. The release of ovalbumin‐specific IgE in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum was also decreased. Mp extract treatment resulted in no liver cytotoxicity. The Mp extract has inhibitory properties on asthma and may be used as a potent therapeutic agent for allergic lung inflammation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antidiabetic activity of resveratrol, a known SIRT1 activator in a genetic model for type‐2 diabetes
Authors: Sharma Sameer , Misra Chandra Sekhar , Arumugam Surendar , Roy Subhasis , Shah Vanya , Davis Joseph Alex , Shirumalla Raj Kumar , Ray Abhijit 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn the present study, resveratrol, a polyphenolic SIRT1 activator was evaluated for its SIRT1 activation in an in vitro fluorescent based assay (EC50: 7 μM). The efficacy of resveratrol was also evaluated in ob/ob mice for its antidiabetic and associated metabolic effects. Mice aged 5–8 weeks were included in four groups; control and resveratrol at 5, 15, 50 mg/kg, b.i.d. and were dosed orally. After 4 weeks of drug treatment, body weights were noted and random blood glucose and insulin was estimated for the antidiabetic effect. Animals were also subjected to the oral glucose tolerance test to observe any improvement in the glucose excursion. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, adiponectin and free fatty acid levels were also estimated. The results showed that resveratrol exhibited significant antihyperglycemic activity with an improvement in the insulin levels compared with the control mice. There was also a significant improvement observed in the glucose excursion in the oral glucose tolerance test performed for 120 min; although an insignificant improvement in the triglycerides, total cholesterol, adiponectin and free fatty acid levels was observed at different doses of resveratrol tested. The present findings suggest that resveratrol is an antihyperglycemic agent and drugs similar to resveratrol can be considered as an effective therapeutic adjuvant for the current treatment of diabetes mellitus. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Essential Oil from Citrus aurantifolia prevents ketotifen‐induced weight‐gain in mice
Authors: Asnaashari Solmaz , Delazar Abbas , Habibi Bohlol , Vasfi Roghayeh , Nahar Lutfun , Hamedeyazdan Sanaz , Sarker Satyajit D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractObesity is a major health problem world‐wide. Medical intervention is often needed to tackle this problem, and accordingly the need for developing more effective, safer and cheaper weight reducing drugs has become paramount in recent years. In the present study, the effects of lime (Citrus aurantifolia) essential oils in reducing body weight, individually and in co‐administration with ketotifen, an antihistaminic drug that causes weight‐gain, has been investigated using a mouse model. During the 45 days experimental period, the mice that received ketotifen demonstrated an enhancement both in the amount of food intake and body weight compared with the control group. Groups treated with lime essential oil displayed a reduction in body weight and food consumption in mice, possibly through promoting anorexia which might have played a role in weight loss. Interestingly, co‐administration of the lime essential oil and ketotifen caused significant suppression in gaining weight, as well as decreased body weights of mice. The data obtained in this study suggested that lime essential oil plays an important role in weight loss and could be useful in the treatment of drug‐induced obesity and related diseases. The GC‐MS analysis of the essential oils of C. aurantifolia was also performed and approximately 22 main components, with limonene (28.27%) being the principal one, were identified and quantified. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antiprotozoal activity of Melampyrum arvense and its metabolites
Authors: Kirmizibekmez Hasan , Atay Irem , Kaiser Marcel , Brun Reto , Cartagena Michelle M. , Carballeira Néstor M. , Yesilada Erdem , Tasdemir Deniz 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAn activity guided isolation of the H2O subextract of the crude extract of Melampyrum arvense L. afforded iridoid glucosides: aucubin (1), melampyroside (2), mussaenoside (3), mussaenosidic acid (4), 8‐epi‐loganin (5); flavonoids: apigenin (6), luteolin (7), luteolin 7‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (8); a lignan glycoside dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (9); and benzoic acid (10). β‐Sitosterol (11) and a fatty acid mixture (12) were identified as the active principles of the CHCl3 subextract. The structures of the isolates were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, while the composition of 12 was identified by GC‐MS after methylation. Luteolin (7) appeared as the most active compound against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Leishmania donovani (IC50 values 3.8 and 3.0 μg/mL). Luteolin 7‐O‐β‐glucopyranoside (8) displayed the best antiplasmodial activity against Plasmodium falciparum (IC50 value 2.9 μg/mL). This is the first detailed phytochemical study on Turkish M. arvense and the first report of the antiprotozoal effect of Melampyrum species and its constituents. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antioxidant activity of yellow dock (Rumex crispus L., Polygonaceae) fruit extract
Authors: Maksimović Zoran , Kovačević Nada , Lakušić Branislava , Ćebović Tatjana 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe methanol extract of ripe Rumex crispus L. fruits was evaluated for its antioxidant potential by assays for ferric‐reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH‐free radical scavenging activity (DPPH) and the influence on lipid peroxidation in liposomes (LP). Considerable activity was observed in all test systems (FRAP: 9.9 mmol Fe2+/g; DPPH IC50: 3.7 μg/mL; LP IC50: 4.9 μg/mL), comparable to that of BHT (FRAP: 8.0 μg/mL; DPPH IC50: 19.4 μg/mL; LP IC50: 3.5 μg/mL), but lower than the activity of ascorbic acid, rutin and quercetin, used as positive control substances. The in vivo effects were evaluated in several hepatic antioxidant systems (activities of LPx, GSH‐Px, Px, CAT and XOD, as well as GSH content), after treatment with the studied yellow dock extract in different doses, or in combination with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Pretreatment with the R. crispus extract inhibited CCl4‐induced oxidative stress by decreasing LPx and increasing GSH content in a dose dependent manner, bringing the levels of antioxidant enzymes to near control values. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Changes in Northern Hemisphere stratospheric variability under increased CO2 concentrations
Authors: Bell Christopher J. , Gray Lesley J. , Kettleborough Jamie 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe robustness of stratospheric circulation changes under increased concentrations of carbon dioxide are investigated using the Met Office HadSM3‐L64 model. Equilibrium climate change simulations employing forcing of two and four times pre‐industrial CO2 are presented, with particular focus on the temperature response of the Arctic lower stratosphere during Northern Hemisphere winter. High CO2 loading provides the ability to attain the statistical significance of any response, typically a problem given the large component of interannual variability common to the region. In response to CO2, the expected global stratospheric cooling is modified by an anomalous dynamical warming of the Arctic winter lower stratosphere. This warming is shown to be associated with an increase in frequency of stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) events. At four times pre‐industrial CO2, the frequency of SSW events per year is doubled with respect to the control simulation. Further, by comparing winters with and without SSW events, it is shown that the warming of the lower stratosphere cannot be achieved without the presence of a frequency modulation of SSW events. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society and Crown Copyright.
Impurity cluster effects in high‐ and low‐doping semiconductor materials
Authors: Ferreira Da Silva A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe cluster‐like impurity effect in semiconductor materials as Si, GaN, GaAs, and 4HSiC for impurity concentrations spanning the metallic to the insulating regimes, i.e., from high‐ to low‐doping concentration, has been investigated at low temperature. To metallic regime a critical impurity concentration for metal–nonmetal transition is estimated from a highly correlated system by a doubly doped H‐like different impurity pairs. For insulating regime, the absorption measurements reveal low‐energy absorption peaks identified as electronic transitions in three‐donor clusters. The many‐particle correlation via a multi‐configurational self‐consistent field model is used in the calculation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
The influence of electron donor and electron acceptor groups on the electronic structure of the anti‐inflammatory tripeptide Cys‐Asn‐Ser
Authors: Soriano‐correa Catalina , Barrientos‐salcedo Carolina , Raya Angélica , Póo Consuelo Rubio , Esquivel Rodolfo O. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIt has been discussed in the literature that electron delocalization along the peptide backbone and side chain modulates the physical and chemical features of peptides and proteins. The structure and properties of peptides are determined by their charge‐density distribution, such that the modification of its side chain plays an important role on its electronic structure and physicochemical properties. Research on Entamoeba histolytica soluble factors led to the identification of the pentapeptide Met‐Gln‐Cys‐Asn‐Ser, with anti‐inflammatory in vivo and in vitro effects. A synthetic pentapeptide, Met‐Pro‐Cys‐Asn‐Ser, maintained the same anti‐inflammatory actions in experimental assays. A previous theoretical study allowed proposing the Cys‐Asn‐Ser tripeptide (CNS tripeptide) as the pharmacophore group of both molecules. This theoretical hypothesis was recently confirmed experimentally. The objective of this work was to study the influence of the electron donor and electron withdrawing substituent groups on the electronic structure and physicochemical properties of the CNS tripeptide derivatives through a theoretical study at the density functional theory level of theory. Our results in deprotonation energies showed that the relative acidity of hydrogen atom (H2) of the serine‐amide group increases with the electron withdrawing groups. This result was confirmed by means of a study of bond order. The proton affinities illustrated that the electron donor groups favored the basicity of the amino group of the cysteine amino acid. Atomic charges, Frontier molecular orbitals (HOMO–LUMO), and electrostatic potential isosurface and its geometric parameters permitted to analyze the effect that provoked the electron donor and electron attractor groups on its electronic structure and physicochemical features and to identify some reactive sites that could be associated with the anti‐inflammatory activity of tripeptide CNS derivatives. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110:2398–2410, 2010
DFT study of ferroelectric properties of the copolymers: Poly(vinylideneflouride‐trifluoroethylene) and poly(vinylidene fluoride‐chlorotrifluoroethylene)
Authors: Ortiz E. , Cuán A. , Badillo C. , Cortés‐Romero C.M. , Wang Q. , Noreña L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA theoretical study of poly(vinylidene flouride‐trifluoroethylene) and poly(vinylidene fluoride‐chlorotrifluoroethylene, is presented. By density functional theory calculations, some of the properties of these materials have been obtained. Among such properties, the dipolar moment and the energies associated to the structural changes. The B3LYP functional and 6311+G(d,p) bases set were used with Gaussian program. Calculations associated to different conformations were carried out to get insight about the involved phase changes. The energetic, charges, and dipole moment were calculated. The conformations, namely, I = Tp, II = TGa, and III = TGp, where T means trans and G means gauche, for the two polymers aforementioned were compared with the poly(vinilydene fluoride) studies previously obtained. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110:2411–2417, 2010
A theoretical study of the CH2N isomers: Molecular structure and energetics
Authors: Puzzarini Cristina 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMolecular structure and energetics of the four isomers of CH2N, namely H2CN, trans‐HCNH, cis‐HCNH, and H2NC, have been investigated by means of a highly accurate level of theory, i.e., using the coupled cluster method in conjunction with correlation consistent basis sets ranging in size from triple to sextuple zeta. Extrapolation to the complete basis set limit, higher excitations in the cluster operator as well as core correlation and relativistic effects have been considered. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem 110:2483–2494, 2010
Quantum chemical study of the mechanism of action of vitamin K carboxylase in solvent
Authors: Wu Sangwook , Liu Shubin , Davis Charles H. , Stafford Darrel W. , Pedersen Lee G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe investigate the post‐translational generation of Gla (γ‐carboxyglutamic acid) from Glu (glutamic acid) by vitamin K carboxylase (VKC) in solvent. VKC is thought to convert vitamin K, in the vitamin K cycle, to an alkoxide‐epoxide form, which then reacts with CO2 to generate an essential ingredient in blood coagulation, γ‐carboxyglutamic acid (Gla). The generation of Gla from Glu is found to be exergenic (−15 kcal/mol) in aqueous solution with the SM6 method. We also produced the free energy profile for this model biochemical process with other solvent methods (polarizable continuum model, dielectric polarizable continuum model) and different dielectric constants. The biological implications are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
On the time‐dependent solutions of the Schrödinger equation. I. The linear time‐dependent potential
Authors: Palma A. , Villa M. , Sandoval L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe solution of the Schrödinger equation for the linear time‐dependent potential has recently been the subject of several publications. In this report, we show this is one of the few systems that leads to a solvable Lie algebra. In fact, we consider a more general problem where the linear time‐dependent potential is only a particular case. The solution is found by using the well‐known theorem of Wei‐Norman. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Simulation of oriented collision dynamics of simple chiral molecules
Authors: Lombardi A. , Palazzetti F. , Maciel G. S. , Aquilanti V. , Sevryuk M. B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWith the aim of illustrating computationally the mechanism of chiral discrimination induced by molecular collisions, we present results of extensive classical dynamics simulations of oriented collisions of rare gas atoms with prototypical chiral molecules, such as hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen persulfide. Models for the intermolecular and intramolecular interactions are based on previous quantum chemical calculations. The phenomenon of right‐left asymmetry in scattering directions is documented both by exemplary single trajectories and by angular distributions obtained by statistical averagings. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Fourteen easy lessons in density functional theory
Authors: Perdew John P. , Ruzsinszky Adrienn 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDensity functional theory (DFT) is now the most commonly used method of electronic structure calculation in both condensed matter physics and quantum chemistry, thanks in part to the focus it has received over the first 50 years of the Sanibel Symposium. We present a short history, and review fourteen short and easy but important lessons about nonrelativistic DFT, with some partiality but with a minimum of technical complication. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
QR‐SCMEH‐MO calculations on inner‐transition metal diatomic molecules having 12 valence electrons‐Nd2 and U2
Authors: Boudreaux Edward A. , Baxter Eric C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe QR‐SCMEH‐MO computational method has been developed and tested on a numerous variety of inorganic systems over some 45‐plus years, with surprisingly good success. More recently this method has been applied to the transition metal molecules, Cr2, Mo2, W2, and Sg2 with 12 valence d/s electrons. The results were at least as good as those obtained from the most accurate ab initio and DFT methods currently available. An extension of the method has been made to the diatomic 12 valence electrons, f/s orbital systems, Nd2 and U2, which is the topic of this presentation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010
Heating effect of electron beam bombardment
Authors: Liu Min , Xu Leying , Lin Xuzhi 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe effect of heat in a target bombarded by an electron beam with certain energy was studied. A physical model was proposed according to the pattern of electron scattering, separately for a bulk specimen in electron probe microanalysis and a thin‐film specimen in transmission electron microscopy. Then formulas of rising temperature were deduced for these two events. The results of a melting experiment of Bi‐coating on glass and crystallizing of amorphous Fe78Si12B10 film under electron beam bombardment confirmed the proposed model.
A new method of compositional image formation by a four‐element backscattered electron detector in an SEM
Authors: Mityukhlyaev V. B. , Dyukov V. G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA special mixing procedure for signals from a four element backscattered electron (BSE) detector is proposed for compositional image formation when a sample with a rough surface is examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The new method allows appreciable suppression of the influence of the sample surface topography in a compositional mode for take‐off angles less than about 30°, relative to the microscope axis. The theoretical approach based on the analysis of BSE angular distribution is compared with the experiment. The mixing procedure uses a dimensionless parameter, which depends mainly on take‐off angle. Photographs of the Ge‐Zn structure with its rough surface were taken in conventional and proposed compositional modes for take‐off angle 11° and electron energy 20 keV and show a considerable suppression of the topographic effect when the new method is used.
Electroless plating—A new technique for the preparation of hard tissue specimens for scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Kingsmill Virginia , Boyde Alan , Kathirgamanathan Poopathy 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSpecimens with complicated, intricate three‐dimensional structures, which are otherwise difficult to coat adequately by conventional means (sputter or evaporative coating) for scanning electron microscopy, can quickly and simply be rendered conductive by electroless plating. The technique can be recommended only when studying specimens at low magnification because fine detail may be lost.
Polytype transformations in SiC‐epitaxial layers: The color cathodoluminescence‐sem studies
Authors: Saparin G. V. , Obyden S. K. , Mokhov E. N. , Roenkov A. D. , Ahmedov B. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe polytype transformation in SiC‐epitaxial layers grown by the sublimation “sandwich method” have been studied by means of a real color SEM cathodoluminescence (CL) technique. The variation of polytypes grown on 6H‐, 4H‐, 15R‐, and 21R‐polytype substrates is demonstrated. Different spectral composition of local CL emission is observed on smooth and profiled substrate surfaces. The double polytype transformation effect was fixed. The nature of the polytype transformation in SiC epitaxial layers is discussed.
The attachment of mineralised tissues to coverslips for observing dynamic events by confocal microscopy
Authors: Griffiths Brigitte M. , Watson T. F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn confocal scanning optical fluorescence microscopy, using high‐aperture oil immersion lenses, the best images are obtained for focus planes immediately under the coverslip, or under a continuation of the coverslip with a medium with the same, high refractive index. Therefore placing the coverslip with a layer of oil underneath it is an advantage if the sample will allow it. If experimental manipulations that can displace the coverslip are involved, —for example, attempts to make dynamic observation of fluid flow—the coverslip is best cemented to the sample with a high‐index material. This report describes the use of adhesive systems developed for restorative dentistry to achieve a durable attachment of dental tissues to microscope coverslips. The technique described in this paper has been used for monitoring real‐time fluid movement in dentine. The samples were examined with a high‐frame‐rate confocal microscope (a tandem scanning microscope). The adhesive technology also could be utilised in the microscopic preparation of other porous translucent materials.