bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P01-94 - Social Adaptation Level among Inpatients with Atypical and Non-atypical Depression
Authors: Shepenev A. , Simutkin G. 
Published: June 2010

Expansion of depressive disorders and widespread of atypical depression (AD) (by DSM-IV) are the major problems of contemporary psychiatry. The level of social adaptation disturbance may be one of indices of severity depressive impairments.ObjectivesTo compare social adaptation level among psychiatric inpatients with an atypical and non-atypical depression.Methods140 inpatients at the age of 18-65 years were evaluated with SIGH-SAD (Williams J. et al., 1991) and Social Adaptation Self-evaluation Scale (SASS) (Bosc M. et al., 1997). Patients who got more than 7 points by SIGH-SAD atypical features were considered as AD-patients, they formed the main group. Patients who got 7 or less scores by SIGH-SAD atypical features formed the comparison group. Mann-Whitney test was used.Results10 men and 60 women (1:6) at the average age 44.5±11.4 generated the main group. The comparison group was generated by 20 man and 50 women (2:5) at the average age of 48±10.7. Significant difference at the age was not observed. The average age for women of main and comparison groups are 44.6±11.2 and 49.6±10.6 years (p=0.01891). The middle score on SIGH-SAD at admission was 31.4±6.2 in main group and 24.9±6.2 in the comparison group (p=0.0000). The middle score on the SASS in the main and comparison group was 30.4±8 and 33±7.2 properly (p=0.04687). Significant differences in social adaptation level subject to gender among and in the groups were not found.ConclusionsWomen with AD were younger than non-AD women. More severe impairments on SASS were found in a group with AD.
P01-98 - Influence of the Commorbid Posttraumatic Stress Disorder on the Clinical Presentation of the Depressive Epizode
Authors: Simonovic M. , Grbesa G. 
Published: June 2010

The objective of the paper is to determine the pattern of influence of the chronic posttraumatic stress disorder on the clinical presentation of the depressive epizode. The focus of investigation is the comparision of the characteristics of the depressive epizode commorbid with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder with the depressive epizode which is a part od the primary depressive disorder.MethodThe investigation included 60 patients. Assessment was made by means of the following instruments:Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale for DSM-IV (MADRS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) and Clinician-Administrated PTSD Scale for DSM-IV (CAPS). The differences between groups were evaluated using Student t test and by means of the correlational analysis of the data with p < 0.05.Results obtained showed significal clinical severity of the depression commorbid with postraumatic stress disorder. The group of the symptoms: lassitude, inability to feel, suicidal thoughts and inner tension contributed mostly to the global severity of the comorbid clinical depression.ConclusionThe interpretation of results in the light of patophysiological mechanisms underlying the symptoms will enable the insight onto possible mechanisams of interaction of two disorders. Both classical and current trends of the psychoanalytical thinking, reffering to melanholia and to transformation of the trauma in the internal world, enabled explanation of the deepening of depression observed after ten years follow-up of the traumatized population.
P01-99 - Implementation of a “stepped care” Service for Depression Limited rising Antidepressant use: a Population-based Study
Authors: Smith M. , Morrison J. , Pelosi A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionLike other European countries, the Defined Daily Dose (DDD) of antidepressants prescribed in Scotland increased almost fivefold in the 15y to 2007/8.AimsTo assess the impact of stepped, collaborative care for depression on population antidepressant use.MethodsA depression service (“Doing Well”) was implemented in 15/30 primary care practices in Renfrewshire, Scotland from July 2004 (population 76,013). Prescribing was compared with the remaining 15 “control” practices in Renfrewshire and Scotland nationally.Doing Well offered prompt assessment and access to guided self-help or brief CBT or IPT. Clinical judgement guided antidepressant recommendations but drugs were not usually recommended for patients with a PHQ score < 15.ResultsAntidepressant use followed a “rational” profile, increasing with depression severity:PHQ score at referral0-56-1011-2516-2021-27totalantidepressant use0%24%37%59%70%53%[Antidepressant use by depression severity]Antidepressant use increased by 3.8% in Doing Well practices, 11.8% in control practices and 12.9% in Scotland. This represents a relative reduction in DDDs in the intervention area.[Antidepressant use over time by area]ConclusionsProviding rapid, local access to brief psychological therapies and rational prescribing support was associated with a relative reduction in the rise of antidepressant use, but a modest increase in prescribing overall.
P01-121 - Coping Styles and Quality of Life in war Veterans with PTSD
Authors: Avdibegović E. , Selimbašić Z. , Hasanović M. , Delić A. 
Published: June 2010

The aim of this study was to analyze interrelations of coping stills and quality of life of war veterans, who have sought psychiatric help.Analyzed were 98 war veterans who have, during the year 2008, been ambulatory cured at the Department of Psychiatry in Tuzla. This study involved war veterans who have been diagnosed Posttraumatic stress disorder by applying the Structured Clinical Interview (SCID). The modified questionnaire Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) was used in order to examine coping stills, and the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life was used to examine quality of life.In the analyzed group, a significantly higher number of war veterans (p< 0.05) used non-functional strategies of suppressing emotions, physical isolation, alcohol, seeking for social help out of instrumental reasons, behavioural and mental avoidance, deny, while a significantly minor number used strategies orientated towards the problem (p< 0.001). A significantly higher number of veterans (p< 0.001) was not satisfied with their financial situation, with the number and quality of their friendships, free time activities, physical and mental health. A significant negative correlation was found between the level of non-functions coping strategies and the level of satisfaction with those stated domains of quality of life. Obtained results indicate that war veterans with PTSD who have sought help used significantly more dysfunctional coping strategies.
P01-125 - Choking Phobia: Case Report
Authors: Correia R. , Malta R. , Silva A. , Moura M. 
Published: June 2010

Choking phobia is a condition characterized by intense fear of choking accompanied by avoidance of swallowing solid food, drinking and taking pills in the absence of anatomical or physiological abnormalities. Patients may present a significant weight loss, about which they usually feel uncomfortable.Fear respondents are elicited by the phobic stimuli and the patient learns to emit avoidance or escape behaviors as an attempt to reduce a hypothetical risk of choking. These escape and avoidance behaviors are characterized by a quantitative and qualitative restriction of food intake, as well as concerns about food texture, size of bite, and topographical changes in the eating response. Patients start to eat slowly, thus leading to social dysfunction.The authors propose to describe a case report, treatment and the results for this condition.R. is a 34 year old married male. Phobic symptoms started in 2005, after experiencing a choking incident with bone of fish. He progressively began limiting his intake of various food items by avoiding items he considered to be dangerous. Over the time he completely banished certain kinds of food from his diet and started to ingest all the aliments passed over a strainer. He refrained from eating at social events were he could not control the production of meals. This situation has implications in his marital life with constant conflicts.In spite of the insistence of the relatives he postponed around 3 years the search of medical treatment for this situation.He began pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatment.
P01-127 - ‘Overwhelming Incidence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and its Burden to Society’ can have a Future Control Over Modern Warfare
Authors: de los Santos R. , Ashrafi M. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo point out to the medical community who believes in, ‘Prevention is better than cure’ that the alarming report of cause of sudden increase in PTSD sufferers, especially in young war veterans is very clear. The memory of human suffering imprints an indelible legacy in the minds of the young people for the rest of their life ultimately voiding them into a life of social burden. As health workers like always and ironically we deal with the victims of various socio-political decisions made by world leaders, dictators and even by the terrorists. Now do we think it's a time to give a lonely message to all that ‘war should be stopped?’MethodsThis is a personal audit on studying over 500 news reports and published papers written on PTSD incidence after a major war in the last decade.ResultsRemove the cause PTSD will be eradicated. On the other PTSD victims i.e. abused in childhood, rape victims, road traffic accident victims or witnesses, fire fighters, policemen we hardly can manoeuvre in the field of prevention. However weak it is; we can give a message to the warring powers to save youngsters from future PTSD.Conclusions•PTSD is preventable but has very bleak curative achievement.•We should not deprive our youngsters of the peaceful life, most of us are enjoying in our 40s, 50s and 60s.•European congress can raise a voice against the proven cause of PTSD.
P01-137 - Application of Implicit Association Test to Self-esteem Construct
Authors: Galimberti E. , Catenazzi U. , Cammino S. , Fadda E. , Bellodi L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesResearchers have assumed that self-esteem operate only in a conscious mode. In the last years, researchers showed that self-esteem is determined by both explicit and implicit process and new instruments, like Implicit Association Test (IAT), has been designed to measure implicit self-esteem. IAT measures the relative strength of association between pairs of concepts. This study investigated the correlations between implicit and explicit measures of self-esteem. We also investigate which type of the implicit instrument is preferable for an application to patients with a diagnosis of Social Phobia.MethodsA traditional IAT (IAT-A) and a single-category IAT (SC-A) measuring implicit self-esteem were structured. IAT instruments and a traditional self-reports that assessed self-esteem were administered to 25 healthy subjects. BIDR, a self-report that assess the socially desirable responding bias, was also administered.ResultsNo correlation between IAT-A and SC-A was found. IAT-A and SC-A did not show correlations with explicit self-esteem measures. Moreover, IAT-A showed a significant correlation with BIDR. At last, a significant correlations between explicit self-esteem measures was found.ConclusionResults suggested a distinction between implicit and explicit self-esteem construct. This distinction has important clinical implication. Because off IAT-A is more complex and needs more cognitive resources it could be suppose that this test leaves space to deliberative processes, so automaticity in responding could be reduced. In conclusion, above the theoretical basis of the original model, SC-A results preferable to apply in a clinical sample, for its simplicity and its low correlation with the BIDR.
P01-138 - Impaired Discriminative Fear Learning in Panic Disorder
Authors: Galimberti E. , Catenazzi U. , Cammino S. , Fadda E. , Bellodi L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesFear conditioning (FC) has been proposed as crucial factor in the etiology and maintenance of panic disorder (PD). This study compared the acquisition of discriminative fear learning between PD patients and healthy subjects (CTR). The main purpose was to test the hypothesis that abnormalities in this process may exist in this population, particularly referred to conditioned responses (CRs) and discriminative fear learning acquisition.MethodsAversive discriminative conditioning paradigm was administered to 45 patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of PD with agoraphobia and to 43 healthy subjects. The visual-auditory conditioning paradigm is composed by four visual stimuli as conditioned stimulus (CSs) and a startlingly loud sound as the unconditioned stimulus (US). Only one stimulus (CS+) was followed by the US, instead remainder stimuli were never paired with the US (CS-). The protocol consisted of 3 phases: habituation (HAB), acquisition (ACQ) and extinction (EXT). Skin conductance response (SCR) was used as dependent variable.ResultsDuring HAB phase no differences were found in response to all stimuli. During ACQ phase, the two groups did not differ in response to CS+; instead patients showed significantly greater reactivity to CS- than controls.ConclusionResults suggest equal level of fear acquisition and impaired discriminative fear learning in PD population; moreover discriminative deficit is driven by enhanced safety learning rather than any abnormality in excitatory danger learning. Enhanced responding to CS- among PD may also be interpreted as over-generalization of conditioned fear. Our result have important clinical implication, particularly for behaviour cognitive therapy in Panic Disorder.
P01-146 - Defense Mechanisms Changes after Cognitive-behavior Group Therapy Plus Motivational Interviewing and Thought Mapping for Obsessive-compulsive Disorder
Authors: Meyer E. , Shavitt R. , Leukefeld C. , Heldt E. , Knapp P. , Souza F. , Cordioli A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesStudying defensive styles is typically associated with dynamic theory and therapy. The present study was designed to examine the efficacy of adding two individual sessions of Motivational Interviewing (MI) and Thought Mapping (TM) to cognitive-behavioral group therapy (CBGT) to promote changes in the use of defense mechanisms among obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients.MethodsForty outpatients meeting OCD DSM-IV criteria were randomly assigned to either a MI+TM group or a control group, before 12 weekly CBGT sessions. To evaluate changes in defense mechanisms, the Defense Style Questionnaire (DSQ) was administered before and after treatment.ResultsThe use of the mature defense mechanisms increased in the MI+TM group at post-treatment, and there were significant differences in the decrease of use of the neurotic defense mechanisms. In addition, patients who achieved full remission differed in the use of the immature defense mechanisms. The control group presented no significant decrease in the use of any defense mechanisms.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that adding two individual sessions of MI and TM to CBGT can facilitate changes in use of defense mechanisms in OCD adult outpatients, as measured by a specific instrument.
P01-148 - “Death Anxiety” in Special and General Ward's Nurses
Authors: Aghajani M. , Valiai S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveDeath is a daily, several and important occurrence in nursing. Nurse's death anxiety is effect agent on quality of communication and caring of patients especially dying patients. Death Anxiety has excellent effect on job satisfaction and mental health of nurses. Only few studies have been done in this issue.Aim of this preliminary study was compare of death anxiety in special and general ward's nurses.MethodsThis was a cross-sectional analytical study that 387 practitioner nurses in census method were recruited from selected Hospital of TUMS 2007. The data were collected using a personal - social questionnaire and Templer Death Anxiety Scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive & inferential (Pearson, ANOVA, Regression…) statistical.ResultsResults show significant difference between mean score of Death anxiety in special (8/262/1) and general (8/302/4) ward's nurses and was correlated with some variables such as marriage statues (p< 0/04), education level (p< 0/03), organizational situation (p< 0/001) and the ward which nurses now worked (p< 0/02). But has not significantly correlated with age, sex, shift, care of end stage patients, partnership in CPR and etc.ConclusionDeath anxiety effect physical and emotional aspects of nurse's life and so effect process of caring present by them. Results show death anxiety was higher in special ward nurses and they faced more than general ward nurses to dying and death so they need special attention to death anxiety and investigation causes of it, development of institutional support to enable nurses to provide good quality care for patients.
P01-168 - Prevention of Depression in Adolescents: Evaluation of an Information Booklet on Depression: Findings of a Pilot Study
Authors: Allgaier A.-K. , Schiller Y. , Schulte-Körne G. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesJust like adults, adolescents still have negative attitudes towards mental illness and lack knowledge about depression. Public awareness campaigns proved to be effective in adults, but education and antistigma campaigns focussing on adolescents are rare. We developed an information booklet on depression as a first step towards a bigger campaign for youths. We investigate whether this booklet increases knowledge about depression and reduces stigmatised attitudes. Furthermore, we analyse the adolescents’ assessment of our booklet.MethodsIn a pilot study, the booklet will be evaluated in 100 9th grade pupils in Munich, aged between 14 and 16. Knowledge and attitudes about depression are investigated in a pre-post-design. Adolescents’ assessment of the booklet is rated on four-point rating scales which serve as a basis for a revision of the booklet after the pilot study. Data are collected using questionnaires specifically designed for the study.ResultsThe pilot study is ongoing until December 2009. Baseline data about depression knowledge and attitudes are presented. The pre-post comparison of knowledge and attitudes is pointed out. Further, the adolescents’ assessment of the depression booklet is illustrated.ConclusionsBased on the findings of the pilot study, the booklet will be revised. Afterwards, it will be evaluated on a sample of 500 pupils in a pre-post-follow-up design covering stability of the changes for a one month period. In the long run, the booklet shall be spread to a wider public using synergistic effects with local campaigns such as the “Munich Alliance Against Depression”.
P01-175 - HELP-S for Children: Analysing the Needs of Children with a Mentally ill Parent - a Multi-centre Study in Saxony, Germany
Authors: Bönisch S. , Sonnabend N. , Holtz K. , Müller A. , Schützwohl M. , Kocalevent R.-D. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundUntil now, no studies have been published about the prevalence and needs of children with a mentally ill parent nor about interventions for this vulnerable group in the federal state of Saxony, Germany.ProjectTherefore, the multi-centre study HELP-S for Children was initiated by the University of Leipzig in cooperation with the Technical University of Dresden. The aim of HELP-S for Children is to identifiy the prevalence and specific needs of children with a mentally ill parent.MethodAll psychiatric outpatients of Leipzig and Dresden at an appointed date will be asked to participate in the study. Patients with minor children will be asked to fill out a detailed questionnaire about the perceived needs of their children and the existing and lacking support possibilities. Because there is no adequate instrument to assess the needs of the children with a mentally ill parent, we will develop a standardized questionnaire by using expert interviews and a pre-test with mentally ill parents.Expected resultsThe standardized questionnaire, which we will develop for this study, will be useable in other studies about needs of children with a mentally ill parent. Furthermore, we will gather information about the prevalence of children of mentally ill parents who are outpatients and about the specific needs of these children in the age of 0 to 18. These results will be presented and discussed during an expert workshop at the end of the project to explore ways to improve the situation of children with a mentally ill parent.
P01-176 - Validation of the Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire and Peritraumatic Distress Inventory in School-aged Victims of Road Traffic Accidents
Authors: Bui E. , Brunet A. , Olliac B. , Allenou C. , Raynaud J.-P. , Claudet I. , Bourdet-Loubère S. , Grandjean H. , Schmitt L. , Birmes P. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesAlthough the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI) and Peritraumatic Dissociative Experiences Questionnaire (PDEQ) are both useful for identifying adults at risk of developing acute and chronic post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), they have not been validated in school-aged children. The present study aims at assessing the psychometric properties of the PDI and PDEQ in a sample of French-speaking school children.MethodsOne-hundred and thirty-three school-aged victims of road traffic accidents were consecutively enrolled into this study via the emergency room. Mean(SD) age was 11.7(2.2) and 56.4% (n=75) of them were of male gender. The 13-item self-report PDI (range 0-52) and the 10-item self report PDEQ (range 10-50) were assessed within one week of the accident. Symptoms of PTSD were assessed 1 and 6 months later using the 20-item self-report Child Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction Index (CPTS-RI) (range 0-80).ResultsMean(SD) PDI and PDEQ scores were 19.1(10.1) and 21.1(7.6), respectively, while mean(SD) CPTS-RI scores at 1- and 6-months were 22.6(12.4) and 20.6(13.5), respectively. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were 0.8 and 0.77 for the PDI and PDEQ, respectively. The 1-month test-retest correlation coefficient (n=33) was 0.77 for both measures. The PDI demonstrated a 2-factor structure while the PDEQ displayed a 1-factor structure. As with adults, the two measures were inter-correlated (r=0.52) and correlated with subsequent PTSD symptoms (r=0.21−0.56; p< 0.05).ConclusionsThe PDI and PDEQ are reliable and valid in school-aged children, and predict PTSD symptoms.
P01-178 - Economical and Psychosocial Impact on Bullying in Schools of Kaunas
Authors: Burba B. , Grigaliuniene V. , Krisciukaityte A. , Grinkeviciute A. , Staceviciene R. 
Published: June 2010

Objective of the studyTo investigate economical and psychosocial impact on bullying in schools of Kaunas.MethodsWe investigated pupils from the 6, 7, 8 classes from 11 to 16 years old. The study was performed in the randomly chosen different schools of Kaunas. 527 pupils (270 boys and 257 girls) were questioned during this research. The results showed that more than a half of the pupils (67,6 per cent) are becoming victims of bullying in schools of Kaunas. frequency of bullying among boys and girls is almost equal (55,2 per cent boys and 48,8 per cent girls responded that they are bullying at school)(p=0.025, x2=9,317, df 3); most of pupils experience affection in their family (61,9 per cent) and 83,7 per cent of these children think that bullying at school is not the right thing to do (p=0.025, x2=9,317, df 3).ResultsMajority of children who get free lunch (welfare recipients) at school think that financial situation (of the child family) has no influence for bullying (54, 2 per cent). Most of children who are not getting the free lunch at school think that financial situation is important for the bullying to appear (69,7 per cent) (p=0.965, x2= 0,002, df 1).ConclusionsFrequency of bullying among boys and girls is almost equal; children with better welfare conditions are more inclined to bully; financial situation for bullying to appear has more influence among girls than boys; better family relationships influence negative point of view towards bullying.