bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of fronto-limbic circuit in neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia: clinical evidence from an exploratory study
Authors: Cotta Ramusino Matteo , Imbimbo Camillo , Capelli Marco , Cabini Raffaella Fiamma , Bernini Sara , Lombardo Francesca Paola , Mazzocchi Laura , Farina Lisa Maria , Pichiecchio Anna , Perini Giulia , Costa Alfredo 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundNeuropsychiatric symptoms (NPSs) are a distressful aspect of dementia and the knowledge of structural correlates of NPSs is limited. We aimed to identify associations of fronto-limbic circuit with specific NPSs in patients with various types of cognitive impairment.MethodsOf 84 participants, 27 were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 41 with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia and 16 with non-AD dementia. In all patients we assessed regional brain morphometry using a region of interest (ROI)-based analysis. The mean cortical thickness (CT) of 20 cortical regions and the volume (V) of 4 subcortical areas of the fronto-limbic system were extracted. NPSs were rated with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). We used multiple linear regression models adjusted for age and disease duration to identify significant associations between scores of NPI sub-domains and MRI measures of brain morphometry.ResultsAll significant associations found were negative, except those between irritability and the fronto-opercular regions in MCI patients (corresponding to a 40-50% increase in CT) and between delusions and hippocampus and anterior cingulate gyrus (with a 40-60% increase). Apathy showed predominant involvement of the inferior frontal regions in AD group (a 30% decrease in CT) and of the cingulate cortex in non-AD group (a 50-60% decrease in CT). Anxiety correlated in MCI patients with the cingulate gyrus and caudate, with a CT and V decrease of about 40%, while hallucinations were associated with left enthorinal gyrus and right amygdala and temporal pole. Agitation showed associations in the AD group with the frontal regions and the temporal pole, corresponding to a 30-40% decrease in CT. Euphoria, disinhibition and eating abnormalities were associated in the MCI group with the entorhinal, para-hippocampal and fusiform gyri, the temporal pole and the amygdala (with a 40-70% decrease in CT and V). Finally, aberrant motor behavior reported a significant association with frontal and cingulate regions with a 50% decrease in CT.ConclusionOur findings indicate that specific NPSs are associated with the structural involvement of the fronto-limbic circuit across different types of neurocognitive disorders. Factors, such as age and disease duration, can partly account for the variability of the associations observed.
Patterns of energy availability and carbohydrate intake differentiate between adaptable and problematic low energy availability in female athletes
Authors: Vardardottir Birna , Gudmundsdottir Sigridur Lara , Tryggvadottir Ellen Alma , Olafsdottir Anna S. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundProblematic low energy availability (EA) is the underlying culprit of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs), and its consequences have been suggested to be exacerbated when accompanied by low carbohydrate (CHO) intakes.ObjectivesThis study compared dietary intake, nutrition status and occurrence of REDs symptoms in groups of female athletes, displaying different patterns of EA and CHO intake.MethodsFemale athletes (n = 41, median age 20.4 years) from various sports weighed and recorded their food intake and training for 7 consecutive days via a photo-assisted mobile application. Participants were divided into four groups based on patterns of EA and CHO intakes: sufficient to optimal EA and sufficient to optimal CHO intake (SEA + SCHO), SEA and low CHO intake (SEA + LCHO), low energy availability and SCHO (LEA + SCHO), and LEA and LCHO (LEA + LCHO). SEA patterns were characterised by EA ≥30 and LEA by EA &lt;30 kcal/kg fat free mass, and SCHO patterns characterised by CHO intake ≥3.0 and LCHO &lt;3.0 g/kg body weight for most of the registered days. Body composition was measured with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, resting metabolic rate with indirect calorimetry and serum blood samples were collected for evaluation of nutrition status. Behavioural risk factors and self-reported symptoms of REDs were assessed with the Low Energy Availability in Females Questionnaire, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS), Exercise Addiction Inventory, and Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory.ResultsIn total, 36.6% were categorised as SEA + SCHO, of which 5/16 were ball sport, 7/10 endurance, 1/7 aesthetic, 2/5 weight-class, and 0/3 weight-class athletes. Of LEA + LCHO athletes (19.5% of all), 50% came from ball sports. Aesthetic and endurance athletes reported the greatest training demands, with weekly training hours higher for aesthetic compared to ball sports (13.1 ± 5.7 vs. 6.7 ± 3.4 h, p = 0.012). Two LEA + LCHO and one SEA + LCHO athlete exceeded the EDE-QS cutoff. LEA + LCHO evaluated their sleep and energy levels as worse, and both LEA groups rated their recovery as worse compared to SEA + SCHO.ConclusionRepeated exposures to LEA and LCHO are associated with a cluster of negative implications in female athletes. In terms of nutrition strategies, sufficient EA and CHO intakes appear to be pivotal in preventing REDs.
Mechanistic Analysis of Hydrogen Evolution Reaction on Stationary Polycrystalline Gold Electrodes in H2SO4 Solutions
Authors: Ghelichkhah Zahed , Macdonald Digby D. , Ferguson Gregory S. 
Published: May 2024

An impedance model based on the Volmer–Heyrovsky–Tafel mechanism was developed to study the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction on polycrystalline gold electrodes at moderate overpotentials in aqueous H2SO4 (0.5 and 1.0 M) solutions. The model was optimized on data from potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and model parameters were extracted. Consistent with expectations, the magnitude of the impedance data indicated a higher rate of hydrogen evolution at lower pH. Also, the fractional surface coverage of adsorbed hydrogen (θHads) increases with increasing overpotential but the small value of θHads indicates only weak adsorption of H on gold. Tafel slopes and exchange current densities were estimated to be in the range of 81–124 mV/dec, and 10−6 and 10−5 A/cm2 in H2SO4 (0.5 and 1.0 M), respectively. The results show that the model accounts well for the experimental data, such as the steady-state current density. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the electrochemical parameters (α1, α2, k10, k−10, and k20) associated with the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction have a major impact on the calculated impedance but the standard rate constant for hydrogen oxidation reaction (k−20) does not strongly affect the calculated impedance.
Comparação do uso do cateter foley em relação a outros métodos para indução do trabalho de parto
Authors: Lucri Ribeiro Andressa , Borher Mello Pinheiro Andressa , De Almeida Faria Bruna , Aparecida da Silva Verônica , Freitas Moysés Vitória 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia, segurança e recomendações do uso do Cateter de Foley (CF) em comparação com os outros métodos utilizados para indução do trabalho de parto. Revisão de Literatura: A indução do parto está indicada em casos de complicações médicas ou obstétricas durante a gravidez, como a ruptura prematura das membranas ovulares e idade gestacional acima de 41 semanas. Existem vários métodos para indução do parto, sendo eles os métodos mecânicos e métodos farmacológicos. Os métodos mecânicos foram os primeiros a serem desenvolvidos para amadurecer o colo uterino, sendo os principais o cateter de Foley (balão único) e o cateter de balão duplo. O uso do CF foi capaz de alterar, em média, 3 pontos do índice de Bishop, evoluindo para o parto vaginal após um dia e meio, em média, após sua inserção. As pacientes tiveram altos índices de satisfação, não apresentando diferenças de escore de dor na inserção do cateter, independente do seu tamanho de insuflação do seu balão. Porém, devido ao alto tempo de evolução para parto vaginal, frequentemente o CF é associado a métodos farmacológicos de indução. Considerações Finais: Ao optar por esse método, percebeu-se bons índices de satisfação, eficácia e dor por parte das pacientes.. Além disso, o CF possibilita ser um método de acompanhamento a nível ambulatorial, evitando internações precoces quando comparado a outros métodos farmacológicos e é eficaz tanto em gestantes nulíparas quanto em multíparas, porém devido as indicações desse método ser para procedimentos urológicos, abre espaço para a utilização de outros cateteres.
Digitalisasi UMKM Kecamatan Rancabungur Melalui Teknik Copywriting Digital Marketing
Authors: Sari Prisca , Andrayani Dian , Andrian Atik , Mulyani Mulyani , Yuniarto Pandu , Rahayu Handayani Sri , Fadly Fadly 
Published: May 2024

Kecamatan Rancabungur merupakan kecamatan binaan Program Studi Bisnis dan Manajemen Ritel, Politeknik Digital Boash Indonesia (PDBI). Terdapat permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh UMKM Rancabungur, yaitu belum memiliki pasar yang jelas dan kontinu. Pelaku UMKM tersebut perlu diedukasi mengenai pemasaran digital melalui media sosial. Salah satu teknik membuat konten media sosial adalah copywriting. Oleh karena itu, perlu diadakan pelatihan atau workshop copywriting. Tujuan diadakannya workshop adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan teknis dan minat pelaku UMKM untuk mengimplementasikan copywriting di dalam pembuatan konten media sosial. Program pengabdian ini dilakukan selama enam bulan, dari Bulan Februari hingga Juli 2023. Terdapat 28 mahasiswa yang berkolaborasi di dalam program. Mahasiswa ikut mendampingi 32 UMKM Kecamatan Rancabungur. Lokasi pengabdian yaitu di Desa Bantarsari, Kecamatan Rancabungur, dan Kampus Politeknik Digital Boash Indonesia. Metode ceramah dan diskusi digunakan dalam proses mendampingi UMKM. Setelah diadakan program workshop copywriting, jumlah peserta yang memahami teknik copywriting dan yang sadar akan pentingnya implementasi copywriting meningkat menjadi 97% dimana sebelum ikut program hanya sebesar 67%. Setelah mendapatkan pencerahan dari narasumber, tingkat minat peserta untuk mengimplementasikan teknik copywriting dalam konten media sosial Instagram dan TikTok juga meningkat menjadi sebanyak 93% di mana sebelum ikut program hanya sebesar 57%. Sebagai output dari pelaksanaan program pengabdian, sebanyak 97% peserta menyatakan akan mengimplementasikan hasil pembelajaran digital marketing, khususnya teknik copywriting. Hal tersebut menunjukkan bahwa program pengabdian ini berjalan efektif karena tujuan akhir program tercapai. Perlu dilakukan program pengabdian lanjutan guna mendukung para pelaku UMKM Kecamatan Rancabungur naik kelas seperti teknik pembuatan konten media sosial lainnya.
The Hi Mass Function of Star-forming Galaxies at z ≈ 1
Authors: Chowdhury Aditya , Kanekar Nissim , Chengalur Jayaram N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present the first estimate, based on direct Hi 21 cm observations, of the Hi mass function (HiMF) of star-forming galaxies at z ≈ 1, obtained by combining our measurement of the scaling relation between Hi mass (M
Hi
) and B-band luminosity (M

B
) of star-forming galaxies with a literature estimate of the B-band luminosity function at z ≈ 1. We determined the M
Hi
–M

B
relation by using the GMRT-CATz1 survey of the DEEP2 fields to measure the average Hi mass of blue galaxies at z = 0.74–1.45 in three separate M

B
subsamples. This was done by separately stacking the Hi 21 cm emission signals of the galaxies in each subsample to detect, at (3.5–4.4)σ significance, the average Hi 21 cm emission of each subsample. We find that the M
Hi
–M

B
relation at z ≈ 1 is consistent with that at z ≈ 0. We combine our estimate of the M
Hi
–M

B
relation at z ≈ 1 with the B-band luminosity function at z ≈ 1 to determine the HiMF at z ≈ 1. We find that the number density of galaxies with M
Hi
> 1010
M
⊙ (higher than the knee of the local Hi mass function) at z ≈ 1 is a factor of ≈4–5 higher than that at z ≈ 0, for a wide range of assumed scatters in the M
Hi
–M

B
relation. We rule out the hypothesis that the number density of galaxies with M
Hi
> 1010
M
⊙ remains unchanged between z ≈ 1 and z ≈ 0 at ≳99.7% confidence. This is the first statistically significant evidence for evolution in the HiMF of galaxies from the epoch of cosmic noon.
Orbital and Precession Periods in Repeating FRB 20121102A
Authors: Katz J. I. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Li et al. reported a 4.605 days period in the repeating FRB 20121102A in addition to its previously reported 157 days modulation of activity. This note suggests that the shorter period is the orbital period of a mass-transferring star orbiting a black hole, possibly of intermediate mass, and that the 157 days period is the precession period of an accretion disk around the black hole. The mass-losing star must be evolved.
Le cap Nord, le soleil de minuit et autres clichés nordiques dans les illustrations des récits de voyage
Authors: Carcreff Alessandra Orlandini 
Published: May 2024

L’article se propose d’étudier plusieurs illustrations de la Laponie dans les récits de voyageurs italiens, français et anglais, entre les xviie et xixe siècles. Il focalise l’attention sur les caractéristiques de la culture lapone, les lieux et les phénomènes qui, au fil des siècles, devinrent de véritables clichés du monde nordique. Une réflexion sur la perception de ces clichés aujourd’hui conclura l’étude.
How COVID-19 Can Damage the Heart? – Association of Cardiac Injury with COVID-19: A Narrative Review
Authors: Gregório Catarina , Caldeira Daniel , Brito Joana , Plácido Rui , Pinto Fausto J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and its resulting disease, COVID-19, remain a significant public health concern. Cardiovascular injury is the second most common complication, following respiratory disease, encompassing conditions such as myocarditis, acute myocardial injury, acute coronary syndrome, arrhythmia, and heart failure. It presents with high-troponin levels, reduced left ventricular systolic function, and/or electrocardiographic abnormalities. Cardiac involvement is an independent risk factor for worse clinical outcomes and higher mortality, particularly in the elderly patients. The debate continues regarding whether the cardiac manifestations of COVID-19 result from direct viral infection or indirect cellular injuries. The virus attaches directly to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor, which is extensively expressed in the heart, invades myocardial tissue, and triggers an excessive inflammatory response. Indirect mechanisms stem from endothelial damage, hypercoagulability and micro-thrombosis, cytokine storm, respiratory failure and hypoxia, and autoimmunity. The pathophysiology of cardiac injury in COVID-19 patients is important to frame the main pathways and biomarkers to encourage new therapeutic trials to improve the disease prognosis and to understand the course of the disease.
A Comparative Study of Ultrasound Guided Erector Spinae Plane Block versus Local Anaesthetic Infiltration in Spine Surgeries for Intraoperative and Post-operative Analgesia
Authors: Puntambekar Shweta A. , Keniya Varshali Miral 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Thoracolumbar spine surgeries need multimodal analgesia to control postoperative pain and early recovery. The study is about comparing the efficacy of bilateral single-shot ultrasound-guided (USG) erector spinae plane block (ESPB) versus local anesthetic infiltration before incision in patients scheduled for spine surgeries under general anesthesia (GA).

Aim:
This study aimed to compare USG-guided ESPB versus local anesthetic infiltration in spine surgeries for intraoperative and postoperative analgesia.

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients, the American Society of Anesthesiologists I, II, and III aged 18–80 years, undergoing spine surgeries under GA were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. Patients were randomized to two groups of 20 each. Group L received GA and local anesthetic infiltration at the incision site by the surgeon and Group E received GA and preoperative bilateral ESPB with 20 mL 0.375% bupivacaine at each site. The primary outcome was the assessment by Numeric Rating Score (NRS) and total postoperative analgesic consumption in the first 24 h. The secondary objectives were intraoperative hemodynamic stability and dexmedetomidine requirement.

Results:
NRS at 4-h, 6-h, and 12-h postincision was significantly higher in Group L compared to Group E (P = 0.006, P = 00.001, and P = 00.006). The requirement of intraoperative dexmedetomidine and total doses of postoperative analgesic were significantly lower in Group E compared to Group L (P = 0.001). Patients who received ESPB showed better hemodynamic stability compared to those who received local anesthetic infiltration at the incision site.

Conclusion:
Preoperative bilateral single-shot USG-guided ESPB provides safe and effective intraoperative as well as postoperative analgesia for spine surgeries with reduced analgesic requirement.
Prevalence and Determinants of Frailty amongst the Elderly: A Study from a Tertiary Care Hospital in North India
Authors: Vadanere Nidhi Prakash , Debnath Aninda , Verma Anita , Gupta Priyansha 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
The elderly population in India is rising rapidly, which merits the need to develop an understanding of the prevalence and determinants of frailty in this age group.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India. The participants were over 60 years of age. The authors used the Edmonton Frailty Scale to assess frailty and a semi-structured questionnaire to assess sociodemographic variables, morbidity and lifestyle factors.

Results:
The mean age of participants in the study was 66.7 years (standard deviation ± 5.52). The prevalence of any type of frailty was 34.7% (95% confidence interval [CI] 29.9%–39.6%). Amongst the frail, 11.9% were vulnerable to frailty, 11.7% were mildly frail, 8.1% were moderately frail and 3% were severely frail. Significant associations were found with age, chronic diseases and smokeless tobacco use.

Conclusion:
There is a substantial prevalence of frailty amongst the elderly, with critical links to age, chronic disease and lifestyle choices. These findings underscore the necessity of integrating frailty assessment into routine geriatric care and primary healthcare services.
Producción de conocimiento digital en el ámbito educativo del IPN desde la perspectiva de género
Authors: Ochoa Ayala Silvia 
Published: May 2024

Introducción. En el devenir histórico de la tecnología, el papel de sus productoras/es ha ocupado lugares jerárquicos, la producción androcéntrica ha privilegiado ciertas formas de crear y de producir los saberes tecnológicos invisibilizando la riqueza que poseen las diferentes formas de abordarla. Objetivo. En este estudio, se buscó identificar la forma en que las jóvenes politécnicas producen conocimiento desde el ámbito digital, entendiendo lo digital como un ámbito de producción tecnocientífica que se encuentra articulado con la forma de legitimar la producción científica: la androcéntrica. Metodología. Se entrevistó a 10 jóvenes cuyas edades fluctúan entre los 20 y 24 años, reciben su formación académica en la Escuela Superior de Sistemas Computacionales del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México (Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales). A través de la narración de sus experiencias durante la vida estudiantil, se construyeron 6 categorías de análisis: a) Experiencia durante el bachillerato, b) Transición del bachillerato al nivel superior, c) Vínculo con las y los docentes, d) Ambiente escolar y relación con los pares, e) Violencia epistémica y f) Acoso. Resultados. Se identificó que las jóvenes reciben un elevado grado de violencia epistémica a lo largo de su formación que inicia en el nivel bachillerato, teniendo continuidad en el espacio de formación superior, siendo uno de los indicadores el reducido número de mujeres que cursan estas carreras, además de la expresión de maltrato que las jóvenes relatan. Por otra parte, también se expresaron diferencias didácticas y una significativa distancia emocional en la relación entre pares. Conclusiones. Se hace necesario desnaturalizar la violencia ejercida hacia las mujeres en este ámbito de formación digital, así como relevar otras formas de producir conocimiento desde la sensorialidad, desde la creatividad, desde la empatía con las necesidades sociales situadas y desde un tiempo pertinente para la formación estudiantil.
Forms of Translation, Translation of Forms: From Gorky’s Mother to Mahasweta Devi’s Mother of 1084
Authors: Banerjee Sandeep 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
This article focuses on the Bengali novel হাজার চুরাশির মা (Mother of 1084) by Mahasweta Devi to read it as a rewriting of Maxim Gorky’s The Mother. It contends that Mother of 1084 recasts Gorky’s radical and gendered bildungsroman for the context of India where it not only documents the development of the radical consciousness of Sujata, the mother of the revolutionary Brati killed by the Indian state, but also the patriarchal structure of the Indian/Bengali family. Furthermore, it argues that the Bengali novel recasts the socialist realism of the Russian novel into modernist Bengali prose. It examines Mahasweta’s deployment of the modernist aesthetic while locating Mother of 1084 in a broader tradition of actually existing communist artistic praxis in South Asia to illuminate the tradition of committed modernism.
Association of Poor Bone Quality with Pseudarthrosis and Poor Clinical Outcomes in Single-Level Instrumented Lumbar Arthrodesis Using Local Autologous Bone Graft
Authors: Boden Lauren M. , Heller John G. , Fischgrund Jeffrey S. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Although osteoporosis and low bone mineral density is thought to lead to poor fusion outcomes, few studies have adequately addressed the correlation, and they were limited by small sample size at a single institution.

Methods:
We completed a secondary analysis of 182 patients enrolled at 26 spine centers across the United States in the EXO-SPINE FDA-approved clinical trial with 12-month CT-based fusion status determined by two independent, blinded radiologists. Using previously described CT-based techniques, we measured local and global Hounsfield units (HU) and examined the relationship with radiographic and clinical outcomes.

Results:
CT scans were available for review from 95 patients, with a mean age of 56.2 years and mean global density of 153.0 HU. No relationship was observed between HU and radiographic fusion status or clinical outcomes. Although 12% of patients had lumbar vertebral body HU measurements consistent with osteoporosis, this classification had no relation with fusion or clinical outcomes. Patients with pseudarthrosis had higher Oswestry Disability Index (22.2 vs. 16.6, P = 0.037) and back pain visual analog scale (7.0 vs. 4.9, P = 0.014) scores than patients with at least unilateral fusion at the 12-month follow-up.

Discussion:
In this large, multicenter study, lower vertebral body HU was not associated with worse fusion status after single-level instrumented posterolateral lumbar fusion using only local autologous bone graft. However, there was an association between radiographic fusion status and clinical outcomes, validating the importance of determining predictors of successful fusion. Assessment of fusion status with CT scans yielded a much lower fusion success rate with local bone graft than previously reported and may warrant additional investigation.