bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Splenic marginal zone lymphoma: characterization of 7q deletion and its value in diagnosis
Authors: Watkins A James , Huang Yuanxue , Ye Hongtao , Chanudet Estelle , Johnson Nicola , Hamoudi Rifat , Liu Hongxiang , Dong Gehong , Attygalle Ayoma , McPhail Ellen D , Law Mark E , Isaacson Peter G , de Leval Laurence , Wotherspoon Andrew , Du Ming‐Qing 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe diagnosis of splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is frequently a challenge, due to its lack of specific histological features and immunophenotypic markers, and the existence of other poorly characterized splenic lymphomas defying classification. Moreover, the clinical outcome of SMZL is variable, with 30% of cases pursuing an aggressive clinical course, the prediction of which remains problematic. Thus, there is a real need for biomarkers in the diagnosis and prognostication of SMZL. To search for genetic markers, we comprehensively investigated the genomic profile, TP53 abnormalities, and immunoglobulin heavy gene (IGH) mutation in a large cohort of SMZLs. 1 Mb resolution array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) on 25 SMZLs identified 7q32 deletion (44%) as the most frequent copy number change, followed by gains of 3q (32%), 8q (20%), 9q34 (20%), 12q23–24 (8%), and chromosome 18 (12%), and losses of 6q (16%), 8p (12%), and 17p (8%). High‐resolution chromosome 7 tile‐path aCGH on 17 SMZLs with 7q32 deletion identified by 1 Mb aCGH or interphase FISH screening mapped the minimal common deletion to a 3 Mb region at 7q32.1–32.2. Although it is not yet possible to identify the genes targeted by the deletion, interphase FISH screening showed that the deletion was seen in SMZL (19/56 = 34%) and splenic B‐cell lymphoma/leukaemia unclassifiable (3/9 = 33%), but not in 39 cases of other splenic lymphomas including chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (n = 14), hairy cell leukaemia (4), mantle cell lymphoma (12), follicular lymphoma (6), and others. In SMZL, 7q32 deletion was inversely correlated with trisomy 18, but not associated with other copy number changes, TP53 abnormalities, or IGH mutation status. None of the genetic parameters examined showed significant and independent association with overall or event‐free survival. In conclusion, 7q32 deletion is a characteristic feature of SMZL, albeit seen in isolated cases of splenic B‐cell lymphoma/leukaemia unclassifiable, and its detection may help the differential diagnosis of splenic B‐cell lymphomas. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective blockade of endothelial NF‐κB pathway differentially affects systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction and injury in septic mice
Authors: Xu Honglei , Ye Xiaobing , Steinberg Harry , Liu Shu Fang 
Published: November 2009

AbstractEndothelium has long been considered both a source and a target of systemic inflammation. However, to what extent endothelial activation contributes to systemic inflammation remains unclear. This study addresses the relative contribution of endothelial activation to systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction and injury (MOD/I) in anE. coliperitonitis model of sepsis. We prevented endothelial activation using transgenic (TG) mice that conditionally overexpress a mutant I‐κBα, a NF‐κB inhibitor, selectively on endothelium. TG mice and their transgene negative littermates (WT) were injected with saline orE. coli(108CFU per mouse). At 7 h afterE. coliinfection, markers of systemic inflammation, endothelial activation, and MOD/I were assessed. WT‐E. colimice showed significantly increased serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IFN‐γ, IL‐6, KC, and MCP‐1; tissue levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, KC, MCP‐1, ICAM‐1, and VCAM‐1; endothelial leakage index in heart, lungs, liver, and kidney; significantly increased serum levels of AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine; and increased mortality. Blockade of NF‐κB‐mediated endothelial activation in TG mice had no effects on serum levels of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IFN‐γ, IL‐6, KC, and MCP‐1 (markers of systemic inflammation), and tissue levels of TNF‐α, IL‐6, KC, and MCP‐1, but significantly reduced tissue levels of ICAM‐1 and VCAM‐1 (markers of endothelial inflammation and activation) in those four organs. TG‐E. colimice displayed reversed endothelial leakage index; reduced serum levels of AST, ALT, BUN, and creatinine; and improved survival. Our data demonstrate that endothelial NF‐κB‐driven inflammatory response contributes minimally to systemic inflammation, but plays a pivotal role in septic MOD/I, suggesting that endothelium is mainly a target rather than a source of systemic inflammation. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential expression of interleukin‐17 family cytokines in intact and complicated human atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: de Boer Onno J , van der Meer Jelger J , Teeling Peter , van der Loos Chris M , Idu Mirza M , van Maldegem Febe , Aten Jan , van der Wal Allard C 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn addition to the classical TH1 and TH2 cytokines, members of the recently identified IL‐17 cytokine family play an important role in regulating cellular and humoral immune responses. At present nothing is known about the role of these cytokines in atherosclerosis. Expression of IL‐17A, ‐E and ‐F was investigated in atherosclerotic tissue by rtPCR and immunohistochemistry. IL‐17E and its receptor were further studied in cultured smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells, using rtPCR and western blot. rtPCR showed that IL‐17A, ‐E and ‐F were expressed in the majority of plaques under investigation. IL‐17A/F was expressed by mast cells in all stages of plaque development. IL‐17A/F+ neutrophils were always observed in complicated plaques, but hardly in intact lesions. IL‐17A/F+ Tcells (‘TH17’) were never observed. IL‐17E was expressed by smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in both normal and atherosclerotic arteries, and in advanced plaques also extensively by mature B cells. Cultured smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells were found to express both IL‐17E and its functional receptor (IL‐17RB). The constitutive expression of IL‐17E by resident plaque cells, and the additional presence of IL‐17E+ B cells and IL‐17A/F+ neutrophils in advanced and complicated plaques indicates a complex contribution of IL‐17 family cytokines in human atherosclerosis, depending on the stage and activity of the disease. Copyright © 2009 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gestational age‐related reference values for amniotic fluid organic acids
Authors: Ottolenghi C. , Abermil N. , Lescoat A. , Aupetit J. , Beaugendre O. , Morichon‐Delvallez N. , Ricquier D. , Chadefaux‐Vekemans B. , Rabier D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundNormative data for amniotic fluid (AF) levels of organic acids at different gestational ages are lacking. They can provide a useful framework to investigate the accuracy of prenatal diagnosis for organic acidemias.MethodsWe report on the concentration of 21 organic acids in AF obtained by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry between the 12th and 34th weeks of gestation from 92 pregnancies that were not at risk for organic acidurias.ResultsWe infer normal reference values that can be compared with 134 pregnancies at risk for several metabolic conditions, that is, propionic acidemia, methylmalonic acidemia (methylmalonyl‐CoA mutase deficiency or defects in cobalamin metabolism), 4‐hydroxybutyric acidemia, glutaric acidemia and pyroglutamic acidemia.ConclusionMost of the metabolites tested did not show conspicuous variations across gestational ages in normal fetuses, with ranges that were consistently similar to available reference values from pooled samples in previous reports. With rare exceptions, knowledge of pathological versus normal values for relevant metabolites leads to clear‐cut differentiation of affected versus unaffected fetuses. Nevertheless, it is strongly recommended that mutational analysis and/or additional biochemical approaches complement organic acid analysis for an adequate diagnostic workup. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure, electrical and optical properties of (PVA/LiAsF6) polymer composite electrolyte films
Authors: Varishetty Madhu Mohan , Qiu Weiliang , Gao Yuan , Chen Wen 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn this work, Li+ ion conducting polymer composite electrolyte films (PECs) were prepared based on poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), lithium hexafluoro arsenate (LiAsF6), and ceramic filler TiO2 using solution cast technique. The XRD and FTIR spectra were used to determine the complexation of the PVA polymer with LiAsF6 salt. The ionic conductivities of the (PVA + LiAsF6) and (PVA + LiAsF6 + TiO2) films have been determined by the A.C. impedance measurements in the temperature range 320–440 K. The maximum conductivity was found to be 5.10 × 10−4 S cm−1 for PVA:LiAsF6 (75:25) + 5 wt% TiO2 polymer composite film at 320 K. The calculation of Li+ ion transference number was carried out by the combination of A.C. impedance and D.C. polarization methods and is found to be 0.52 for PVA:LiAsF6 (75:25) + 5 wt% TiO2 film. Optical properties such as direct energy gap, indirect energy gap, and optical absorption edge values were investigated in pure PVA and salt complexed PVA films from their optical absorption spectra in the wavelength range of 200–600 nm. The absorption edge was found at 5.76 eV for undoped film, while it is observed at 4.87 and 4.70 eV for 20 and 25 wt% LiAsF6 doped films, respectively. The direct band gaps for these undoped and salt doped PVA films were found to be 5.40, 5.12, and 4.87 eV, respectively, whereas the indirect band gaps were determined as 4.75, 4.45, and 4.30 eV. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
On the physical behavior of isotactic polypropylene fibers extruded at different draw‐down ratios: II. Structure and properties
Authors: El‐Dessouky Hassan M. , Mahmoudi Mohammad R. , Lawrence Carl A. , Lewis Eric L.V. , Voice Alison M. , Ward Ian M. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMicrointerferometry (MIF), wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and an Instron tensile tester (ITT) were used to determine the correlation between optical and structural properties of polypropylene (PP) fibers. For the purpose of the study a set of as‐spun isotactic PP fibers were extruded by melt spinning at different draw‐down ratios (DDR). The birefringence (Δn), degrees of orientation, degree of crystallinity (χ), Young's modulus (Ee), and tenacity (τ) were determined for PP fibers at the different DDR. An equiangular orientation of PP fibers at particular DDR was predicted experimentally, and the transverse modulus (Et) was estimated for the tested fibers. Empirical formulae were developed for correlating the fiber birefringence with some of the studied structural properties of PP fibers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effect of processing parameters, antistiction coatings, and polymer type when injection molding microfeatures
Authors: Yoon Sung‐Hwan , Cha Nam‐Goo , Lee Jun S. , Park Jin‐Goo , Carter David J. , Mead Joey L. , Barry Carol M.F. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and silicon tooling with microscale features on its surface was employed to investigate the impact of three factors on the quality of injection molded microscale features: (1) optimized process parameters, (2) use of a more flexible thermoplastic material, and (3) used as an antistiction coating. The molded parts and tooling surface were characterized by atomic force, confocal, and scanning electron microscopy. Although both improved filling of the tooling trenches, higher mold temperatures significantly enhanced replication, but faster injection velocities contributed moderately to replication quality. With medium aspect ratio (2.3:1) trenches, the antistiction coating doubled depth ratios, enhanced the edge definition and flatness of the features, and significantly reduced tearing of the features during ejection. The flexibility of the TPU permitted easier part ejection and left less polymer residue on the tooling surface in comparison to polycarbonate and other thermoplastic polymers. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Influence of Ca[(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.8Ti0.2]O3‐δ filler on the microwave dielectric properties of polyethylene and polystyrene for microelectronic applications
Authors: George Sumesh , Deepu Vasudevan Nair , Mohanan Pezholil , Sebastian Mailadil Thomas 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCeramic reinforced polyethylene and polystyrene composites were prepared by melt mixing and hot molding techniques. Temperature stable low‐loss Ca[(Li1/3Nb2/3)0.8Ti0.2]O3‐δ (CLNT) ceramic was used as the filler to improve the dielectric properties of the polymers. The relative permittivity and dielectric loss in the microwave frequency range were increased with increase in the ceramic loading. As the filler content increased from 0 to 0.50 volume fraction, the relative permittivity increased from 2.3 to 9 and dielectric loss tangent from 0.0006 to 0.005 for polyethylene‐CLNT composite. In the case of polystyrene‐CLNT composite, the relative permittivity and dielectric loss tangent increased from 2.1 to 10.5 and 0.0005 to 0.0032 respectively with increase in filler content from 0 to 0.50 volume fractions. The thermal stability of the relative permittivity of polymer ceramic composites was also investigated. The experimentally observed relative permittivity was compared with theoretical models. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Terpolymerization kinetics of N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/alkyl methacrylate/styrene systems
Authors: Šoljić Ivana , Jukić Ante , Janović Zvonimir 
Published: November 2009

AbstractLow conversion kinetics of terpolymerization of N,N‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEM) and dodecyl methacrylate (DDMA) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) or styrene (ST) was investigated. Reactions were performed at 70°C, in toluene solutions, using peroxide initiator. The interdependence between terpolymer and monomer feed composition was successfully described by Alfrey‐Goldfinger equation and the unitary, binary, and ternary azeotropes were calculated. In MMA‐containing system, the wide pseudoazeotropic region with existence of true azeotropic point was observed and experimentally confirmed at the DMAEM:MMA:DDMA molar ratio of 56:41:3. In the ST‐containing system compositional heterogeneity was significant, more than 10 mol%. Required copolymerization reactivity ratios were determined by linear and nonlinear methods. The glass transition temperatures of synthesized terpolymers are found to be between those of the corresponding homopolymers and relative to their content. Increase in the MMA or ST contents and decrease in the DDMA content in terpolymers results in an increase in their glass transition temperatures. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Effects of coagulation bath temperature and polyvinylpyrrolidone content on flat sheet asymmetric polyethersulfone membranes
Authors: Amirilargani M. , Saljoughi E. , Mohammadi T. , Moghbeli M.R. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn this study, effects of coagulation bath temperature (CBT) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K15) concentration as a pore former hydrophilic additive on morphology and performance of asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) membranes were investigated. The membranes were prepared from a PES/ethanol/NMP system via phase inversion induced by immersion precipitation in a water coagulation bath. The morphology of prepared membranes was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, and mechanical property measurements. Permeation performance of the prepared membranes was studied by separation experiments using pure water and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solution as feed. The obtained results indicate that addition of PVP in the casting solution enhances pure water permeation flux and BSA solution permeation flux while reducing protein rejection. Increasing CBT results in macrovoid formation in the membrane structure and increases the membrane permeability and decreases the protein rejection. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Preparation and properties of HDPE/CaCO3/OMMT ternary nanocomposite
Authors: Dai Xin , Shang Qingkun , Jia Qiong , Li Shichun , Xiu Yanhua 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA series of binary composites based on HDPE (high density polyethylene) and nanoinorganic particles such as nano‐CaCO3 and OMMT (organic montmorillonite) were prepared. Their properties including tensile, impact strength, and some thermal properties were tested. The results showed that binary composite has partial improvement in mechanical properties compared with pure HDPE. A ternary composite nano‐CaCO3/OMMT/HDPE was prepared and characterized. It was found that the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of this ternary composite have been enhanced greatly compared with both pure HDPE and binary composites. The tensile strength, Young's modulus, flexural strength, elastic modulus, and impact strength of nano‐CaCO3/OMMT/HDPE were increased 124.6%, 302.7%, 73.86%, 58.97%, and 27.25%, respectively. The DMA test results showed that the mechanical properties of ternary composite were increased because of the limitation on the movement of HDPE due to inorganic particles. The synergistic effect introduced by nanoparticles may play an important role in all these processes. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers
Novel antimicrobial peptides identified from an endoparasitic wasp cDNA library
Authors: Shen Xiaojing , Ye Gongyin , Cheng Xiongying , Yu Chunyan , Yao Hongwei , Hu Cui 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe screened an endoparasitic wasp (Pteromalus puparum) cDNA library for DNA sequences having antimicrobial activity using a vital dye exclusion assay. Two dozens of clones were isolated that inhibited the growth of host Escherichia coli cells due to expression of the cloned genes. Three peptides (PP13, PP102 and PP113) were synthesized chemically based on the amino acid sequences deduced from these clones and assayed for their antimicrobial activity. These peptides have net positive charges and are active against both Gram‐negative and ‐positive bacteria, but are not active against fungi tested. Their hemolytic activity on human red blood cells was measured, and no hemolytic activity was observed after 1‐h incubation at a concentration of 62.5 µM or below. A Blast search indicated that the three peptides have not been previously characterized as antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Salt‐dependency studies revealed that the biocidal activity of these peptides against E. coli decreased with increasing concentration of NaCl. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) examination of PP13‐treated E. coli cells showed extensive damage of cell membranes. The CD spectroscopy studies noted that the enhanced α‐helical characteristics of PP13 strongly contribute to its higher antimicrobial properties. These results demonstrate the feasibility to identify novel AMPs by screening the expressional cDNA library. Copyright © 2009 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Azide reduction during peptide cleavage from solid support—the choice of thioscavenger?
Authors: Schneggenburger Philipp E. , Worbs Brigitte , Diederichsen Ulf 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPeptide azides acquired growing impact because of application in bioconjugation via ‘click chemistry’ or Staudinger ligation. Furthermore, there are many methods established in organic synthesis addressing the reduction of azides to amines, but no observation of a reductive transformation of peptide azides during SPPS cleavage was yet reported. In the present study, the reduction of peptide azides during SPPS cleavage was investigated depending on the choice of thioscavenger, reacting as reductive species. First observed for short PNA/peptide conjugates the occurring extensive side reaction was also validated for one of the applied azide amino acid building blocks and was further investigated by applying different cleavage cocktails to a series of peptides varying in hydrophobicity and position of the azide moiety in the oligomer sequence. Copyright © 2009 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
COMU: A third generation of uronium‐type coupling reagents
Authors: El‐Faham Ayman , Albericio Fernando 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCOMU is a third generation of uronium‐type coupling reagent based on ethyl 2‐cyano‐2‐(hydroxyimino)acetate (Oxyma) as well as a morpholino carbon skeleton. The presence of the morpholino group has a marked influence on the solubility, stability and reactivity of the reagent. COMU performed extremely well in the presence of only 1 equiv. of base, thereby confirming the effect of the hydrogen bond acceptor in the reaction. The by‐products of COMU are water soluble and easily removed, making it an excellent choice of coupling reagent for solution‐phase peptide synthesis. Finally, COMU shows a less hazardous safety profile than benzotriazole‐based reagents, such as HATU and HBTU, which in addition exhibit unpredictable autocatalytic decompositions and therefore a higher risk of explosion. Furthermore, in contrast to benzotriazole‐based reagents, COMU is significantly less likely to cause allergic reaction. Copyright © 2009 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Induction of GSNO reductase but not NOS in the lungs of mice exposed to glucan‐spiked dust
Authors: Cao Yi , Liang Sisi , Zheng Yuduo , Liu Dandan , Zhang Benyan , Xu Dongqun , Yang Xu 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBothin vivoandin vitrostudies have suggested that airborne organic dusts may induce inflammatory responses in the lungs, characterized by typical patterns of cytokine up‐regulation and secretion. Recent work showed that exposure to glucan‐spiked dust might influence nasal and pulmonary function, without an accompanying inflammatory response. However, effects of glucan‐spiked dust exposure on NOS and GSNO reductase (enzymes important to NO signaling) remain less clear. This study aims to determine the effects of simultaneous exposure to glucan‐spiked dust on NO signaling pathway in the airway. Danish Office dust was spiked with 1% (1‐3)‐β‐glucan (curdlan). Mice were exposed to 20 μL PBS (controls), 20 μL 25 μg/20 μL OVA and 20 μL 100 μg/20 μL glucan‐spiked dust, respectively, daily for 12 days. NOS and GSNO reductase activity were measured in lung homogenate. Glutathione concentration and SOD activity in lung tissue were also determined to evaluate changes in oxidative stress. IL‐6 concentration was measured in lungs to quantify the inflammatory response. Results showed that 12 day OVA and glucan‐spiked dust exposure did not significantly influence NOS activity, GSH concentration, SOD activity, or IL‐6 concentration. An insignificant increase in GSNOR activity and expression was observed in 12 day OVA‐exposed mice, whereas glucan‐spiked dust exposure significantly increased GSNOR activity and expression. Our results suggested that repeated glucan‐spiked dust exposure to the airway could activate GSNO reductase but not NOS. Since GSNO reductase plays a pivotal role in NO signaling, these results may have clinical importance. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 2011.