bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behaviour, use and safety aspects of astatine-211 solvated in chloroform after dry distillation recovery
Authors: Aneheim Emma , Hansson Ellinor , Timperanza Chiara , Jensen Holger , Lindegren Sture 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTargeted alpha therapy of disseminated cancer is an emerging technique where astatine-211 is one of the most promising candidate nuclides. Astatine-211 can be produced in medium energy cyclotrons by alpha particle bombardment of natural bismuth. The produced astatine is then commonly recovered from the irradiated solid target material through dry distillation. The dry distillation process often includes elution and solvation of condensed astatine with chloroform, forming Chloroform Eluate. In this work the handling and safe use of the high activity concentration Chloroform Eluate has been investigated. Correctly performed, evaporation of Chloroform Eluate results in a dry residue with complete recovery of the astatine. The dry residue can then serve as a versatile starting material, using appropriate oxidizing or reducing conditions, for subsequent downstream chemistry. However, it has been found that when evaporating the Chloroform Eluate, astatine can be volatilized if continuing the process beyond the point of dryness. This behavior is more pronounced when the Chloroform Eluate has received a higher absorbed dose. Upon water phase contact of the Chloroform Eluate, a major part of the astatine activity becomes water soluble, leaving the organic phase. A behavior which is also dependent on dose to the solvent.
Effectiveness of DialBetesPlus, a self-management support system for diabetic kidney disease: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Waki Kayo , Nara Mitsuhiko , Enomoto Syunpei , Mieno Makiko , Kanda Eiichiro , Sankoda Akiko , Kawai Yuki , Miyake Kana , Wakui Hiromichi , Tsurutani Yuya , Hirawa Nobuhito , Yamakawa Tadashi , Komiya Shiro , Isogawa Akihiro , Satoh Shinobu , Minami Taichi , Iwamoto Tamio , Takano Tatsuro , Terauchi Yasuo , Tamura Kouichi , Yamauchi Toshimasa , Nangaku Masaomi , Kashihara Naoki , Ohe Kazuhiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe evaluated the effectiveness of a mobile health (mHealth) intervention for diabetic kidney disease patients by conducting a 12-month randomized controlled trial among 126 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with moderately increased albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR): 30-299 mg/g creatinine) recruited from eight clinical sites in Japan. Using a Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) behavior change theory framework, the intervention provides patients detailed information in order to improve patient control over exercise and dietary behaviors. In addition to standard care, the intervention group received DialBetesPlus, a self-management support system allowing patients to monitor exercise, blood glucose, diet, blood pressure, and body weight via a smartphone application. The primary outcome, change in UACR after 12 months (used as a surrogate measure of renal function), was 28.8% better than the control group’s change (P = 0.029). Secondary outcomes also improved in the intervention group, including a 0.32-point better change in HbA1c percentage (P = 0.041). These improvements persisted when models were adjusted to account for the impacts of coadministration of drugs targeting albuminuria (GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs) (UACR: −32.3% [95% CI: −49.2%, −9.8%] between-group difference in change, P = 0.008). Exploratory multivariate regression analysis suggests that the improvements were primarily due to levels of exercise. This is the first trial to show that a lifestyle intervention via mHealth achieved a clinically-significant improvement in moderately increased albuminuria.
hkb is required for DIP-α expression and target recognition in the Drosophila neuromuscular circuit
Authors: Wang Yupu , Salazar Rio J. , Simonetta Luciano T. , Sorrentino Violet , Gatton Terrence J. , Wu Bill , Vecsey Christopher G. , Carrillo Robert A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOur nervous system contains billions of neurons that form precise connections with each other through interactions between cell surface proteins. In Drosophila, the Dpr and DIP immunoglobulin protein subfamilies form homophilic or heterophilic interactions to instruct synaptic connectivity, synaptic growth, and cell survival. However, the upstream regulatory mechanisms of Dprs and DIPs are not clear. On the other hand, while transcription factors have been implicated in target recognition, their downstream cell surface proteins remain mostly unknown. We conduct an F1 dominant modifier genetic screen to identify regulators of Dprs and DIPs. We identify huckebein (hkb), a transcription factor previously implicated in target recognition of the dorsal Is motor neuron. We show that hkb genetically interacts with DIP-α and loss of hkb leads to complete removal of DIP-α expression specifically in dorsal Is motor neurons. We then confirm that this specificity is through the dorsal Is motor neuron specific transcription factor, even-skipped (eve), which acts downstream of hkb. Analysis of the genetic interaction between hkb and eve reveals that they act in the same pathway to regulate dorsal Is motor neuron connectivity. Our study provides insight into the transcriptional regulation of DIP-α and suggests that distinct regulatory mechanisms exist for the same CSP in different neurons.
Dynamic structure of E. coli cytoplasm: supramolecular complexes and cell aging impact spatial distribution and mobility of proteins
Authors: Linnik Dmitrii , Maslov Ivan , Punter Christiaan Michiel , Poolman Bert 
Published: April 2024

AbstractProtein diffusion is a critical factor governing the functioning and organization of a cell’s cytoplasm. In this study, we investigate the influence of (poly)ribosome distribution, cell aging, protein aggregation, and biomolecular condensate formation on protein mobility within the E. coli cytoplasm. We employ nanoscale single-molecule displacement mapping (SMdM) to determine the spatial distribution of the proteins and to meticulously track their diffusion. We show that the distribution of polysomes does not impact the lateral diffusion coefficients of proteins. However, the degradation of mRNA induced by rifampicin treatment leads to an increase in protein mobility within the cytoplasm. Additionally, we establish a significant correlation between cell aging, the asymmetric localization of protein aggregates and reduced diffusion coefficients at the cell poles. Notably, we observe variations in the hindrance of diffusion at the poles and the central nucleoid region for small and large proteins, and we reveal differences between the old and new pole of the cell. Collectively, our research highlights cellular processes and mechanisms responsible for spatially organizing the bacterial cytoplasm into domains with different structural features and apparent viscosity.
Synthesis, characterisation, and catalytic application of a soluble molecular carrier of sodium hydride activated by a substituted 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine
Authors: Macdonald Peter A. , Kennedy Alan R. , Weetman Catherine E. , Robertson Stuart D. , Mulvey Robert E. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractRecently main group compounds have stepped into the territory of precious transition metal compounds with respect to utility in the homogeneous catalysis of fundamentally important organic transformations. Inspired by the need to promote more sustainability in chemistry because of their greater abundance in nature, this change of direction is surprising since main group metals generally do not possess the same breadth of reactivity as precious transition metals. Here, we introduce the dihydropyridylsodium compound, Na-1,2-tBu-DH(DMAP), and its monomeric variant [Na-1,2-tBu-DH(DMAP)]·Me6TREN, and demonstrate their effectiveness in transfer hydrogenation catalysis of the representative alkene 1,1-diphenylethylene to the alkane 1,1-diphenylethane using 1,4-cyclohexadiene as hydrogen source [DMAP = 4-dimethylaminopyridine; Me6TREN = tris(N,N-dimethyl-2-aminoethyl)amine]. Sodium is appealing because of its high abundance in the earth’s crust and oceans, but organosodium compounds have been rarely used in homogeneous catalysis. The success of the dihydropyridylsodium compounds can be attributed to their high solubility and reactivity in organic solvents.
Shifting sediment depocenters track ice-margin retreat in Baffin Bay
Authors: Okuma Emmanuel , Titschack Jürgen , Weiser Jens , Normandeau Alexandre , Kienast Markus , Hebbeln Dierk 
Published: April 2024

AbstractReconstructing the depositional history of Baffin Bay allows insights into the deglacial retreat of the Laurentide, Innuitian, and Greenland ice sheets from their maximum extent during the Last Glacial Maximum. Here, we present radiocarbon-controlled sedimentation rates from Baffin Bay based on 79 sediment cores to assess spatio-temporal variabilities in sediment deposition since the Last Glacial Maximum. This comprehensive dataset reveals that until ~15,000 years ago the deep basin and slopes were the dominant active sediment depocenters along most margins of Baffin Bay, suggesting prolonged ice-margin stability near the shelf edge, much longer than previously suggested. Between 13,000-11,000 years ago, most depocenters shifted quickly from the slope to the inner shelf, evidencing a very rapid landward ice-sheet retreat. The sedimentation rate-based mean erosion rates (0.17 and 0.08 millimeters/year) derived from the West Greenland Shelf underscore the high erosion capacity of the western Greenland Ice Sheet draining into Baffin Bay.
Specific Preoperative Factors Increase Manipulations under Anesthesia Following Primary TKA
Authors: Bautista Anson G. , Kolodychuk Nicholas L. , Frederick Jeremy S. , Held Michael B. , Cooper H John , Shah Roshan P. , Geller Jeffrey A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractArthrofibrosis following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can result in pain and limit postoperative range of motion (ROM), jeopardizing clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction. This study aims to identify preoperative risk factors associated with necessitating a manipulation under anesthesia (MUA) following primary TKA.We retrospectively reviewed 950 cases of consecutive primary TKAs performed at one institution by three arthroplasty surgeons between May 2017 and May 2019. Recorded preoperative variables included smoking status, race, preoperative ROM, presence of effusion or positive anterior drawer, and medical comorbidities. Demographic characteristics were compared with Student's t-tests or chi-square tests as appropriate. For each preoperative factor, we obtained an odds ratio (OR) for MUA risk using multivariate logistic regression.Twenty (2.3%) patients underwent MUA following their index primary TKA surgery. History of ipsilateral knee surgery (OR: 2.727, p = 0.047) and diagnosed hypertension (OR: 4.764, p = 0.016) were identified as risk factors associated with significantly increased risk of MUA. The greater the preoperative ROM, the higher likelihood needed of MUA (OR: 1.031, p = 0.034).Patients who had diagnosed hypertension or a history of prior ipsilateral knee surgery were associated with increased risk of necessitating an MUA following primary TKA. Additionally, a greater total arc of motion preoperatively increased the odds of needing MUA.Level III of evidence was present.
Relationship between Kinesiophobia and Dynamic Postural Stability after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Knapik Derrick M. , Kamitani Aguri , Smith Matthew V. , Motley John , Haas Amanda K. , Matava Matthew J. , Wright Rick W. , Brophy Robert H. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAnterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in young, active patients generally require ACL reconstruction (ACLR) to restore mechanical and postural stability. The fear of movement or reinjury (kinesiophobia) has become increasingly recognized in the post-ACLR population; however, the association between restoration of postural stability and kinesiophobia remains largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in mean Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11), dynamic motion analysis (DMA) scores, and time on the testing platform, as well as any correlation between TSK-11 and mean overall and individual translational and rotational DMA scores during the first 12 months following ACLR. Cohort study. Patients undergoing ACLR were prospectively enrolled and dynamic postural stability and kinesiophobia based on the TSK-11 were collected within 2 days prior to surgery and at 6 and 12 months following ACLR. Dynamic postural stability was quantified by calculating a DMA score, with score calculated in three translational (anterior/posterior [AP], up/down [UD], medial/lateral [ML]) and three rotational (left/right [LR], flexion/extension, and internal/external rotation) independent planes of motions. Correlations between DMA and TSK-11 scores at each time point were analyzed. A total of 25 patients meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed. Mean overall DMA and TSK-11 scores increased with each successive testing interval. At 6-month follow-up, a weakly positive association between TSK-11 and DMA scores was appreciated based on overall DMA, AP, UD, ML, and LR. At 12 months, a moderately positive correlation was appreciated between TSK-11 and the translational, but not rotational, planes of motion. Following ACLR, lower level of kinesiophobia were found to be moderately associated with improved dynamic stability, especially in the translation planes of motion.
Silver-Mediated Homocoupling of Arylboronic Acids
Authors: Ohtaka Atsushi , Sakaguchi Tomoya , Fukuoka Kyuta , Matsuki Takuya , Kawase Misa , Tazawa Aya , Uozumi Yasuhiro , Matsumura Yoshimasa , Shimomura Osamu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHere we describe a homocoupling reaction of arylboronic acid facilitated by silver carbonate, which proceeds smoothly in MeOH even at ambient temperature. The reaction exhibits broad functional group compatibility, affording a variety of symmetrical biaryls in satisfactory yields. Silver nanoparticles formed in situ serve as an accelerator in this process. Moreover, initial mechanistic investigations suggest that this transformation may occur via a radical mechanism.
Measuring Chinese mobility behaviour during COVID-19 using geotagged social media data
Authors: Zhu Kaixin , Cheng Zhifeng , Wang Jianghao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCOVID-19 caused widespread disruption to normal lives and human activities. In China, the mobility behaviour response to the COVID-19 pandemic at the intra-city and population group levels is largely unknown, mainly due to a lack of individual-level publicly available mobility data. Using 210 million geotagged posts from 10 million social media users, the study quantified the changes in stay-at-home and outings across amenities and groups in China during the pandemic. The users were compared to national census data to examine their representativeness. To validate the results externally, the geotagged data was performed post-stratified correction and further comparison with commonly used data sources. The findings reveal that (i) there was between 16.8% and 57.7% decrease in visits to places of work, retail and recreation sites, parks, transit stations, grocery stores, and pharmacies within one month of the outbreak; (ii) those who are young, have a bachelor’s degree or higher, and are unmarried experienced a greater decline in outings; (iii) people preferred to visit nearby locations, resulting in a 4.3% increase in visits to retail and recreational sites within a 3-kilometer radius of their homes. The data and findings could gain insight into the asymmetric impact of the pandemic on public infrastructure use and socio-demographic groups, helping design targeted policies to promote outdoor activities, stimulate economic recovery, and alleviate social inequality in vulnerable groups.
Multiparameter flow cytometric detection and analysis of rare cells in in vivo models of cancer metastasis
Authors: Mallin Mikaela M , Rolle Louis T A , Pienta Kenneth J , Amend Sarah R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rapid and reliable circulating tumor cell (CTC) and disseminated tumor cell (DTC) detection are critical for rigorous evaluation of in vivo metastasis models. Clinical data show that each step of the metastatic cascade presents increasing barriers to success, limiting the number of successful metastatic cells to fewer than 1 in 1,500,000,000. As such, it is critical for scientists to employ approaches that allow for the evaluation of metastatic competency at each step of the cascade. Here, we present a flow cytometry-based method that enables swift and simultaneous comparison of both CTCs and DTCs from single animals, enabling evaluation of multiple metastatic steps within a single model system. We present the necessary gating strategy and optimized sample preparation conditions necessary to capture CTCs and DTCs using this approach. We also provide proof-of-concept experiments emphasizing the appropriate limits of detection of these conditions. Most importantly, we successfully recover CTCs and DTCs from murine blood and bone marrow. In Supplemental materials, we expand the applicability of our method to lung tissue and exemplify a potential multi-plexing strategy to further characterize recovered CTCs and DTCs. This approach to multiparameter flow cytometric detection and analysis of rare cells in in vivo models of metastasis is reproducible, high throughput, broadly applicable, and highly adaptable to a wide range of scientific inquiries. Most notably, it simplifies the recovery and analysis of CTCs and DTCs from the same animal, allowing for a rapid first look at the comparative metastatic competency of various model systems throughout multiple steps of the metastatic cascade.
Post-hospitalization Short Versus Long Steroid Taper Strategies in Patients With Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis: A Comparison of Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Alomari Mohammad , Chadalavada Pravallika , Afraz Sadaf , AlGhadir-AlKhalaileh Mu’ed , Suarez Zoilo K , Swartz Alec , Rashid Mamoon , Khazaaleh Shrouq , Cohen Benjamin L , Ur Rahman Asad , Alomari Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory colon disease characterized by relapsing flares and remission episodes. However, the optimal steroid tapering strategy in patients hospitalized for acute severe UC (ASUC) remains relatively unknown. We aim to examine the clinical outcomes in patients hospitalized for ASUC regarding variable prednisone taper regimens upon discharge.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed all adult patients admitted to our facility with ASUC between 2000 and 2022. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the duration of steroid taper on discharge (&lt; 6 and &gt; 6 weeks). Patients who had colectomy at index admission were excluded from the analysis. The primary outcome was rehospitalization for ASUC within 6 months of index admission. Secondary outcomes included the need for colectomy, worsening endoscopic disease extent and/or severity during the follow-up period (6 months), and a composite outcome as a surrogate of worsening disease (defined as a combination of all products above). Two-sample t-tests and Pearson’s chi-square tests were used to compare the means of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors for rehospitalization with ASUC.

Results
A total of 215 patients (short steroid taper = 91 and long steroid taper = 124) were analyzed. A higher number of patients in the long steroid taper group had a longer disease duration since diagnosis and moderate-severe endoscopic disease activity (63.8 vs. 25.6 months, p &lt; 0.0001, 46.8% vs. 23.1%, P = ≤ .05, respectively). Both groups had similar disease extent, prior biologic therapy, and the need for inpatient rescue therapy. At the 6-month follow-up, rates of rehospitalization with a flare of UC were comparable between the 2 groups (68.3% vs. 68.5%, P = .723). On univariate and multivariate logistic regression, escalation of steroid dose within four weeks of discharge (aOR 6.09, 95% CI: 1.82–20.3, P  = .003) was noted to be the only independent predictor for rehospitalization with ASUC.

Conclusions
This is the first study comparing clinical outcomes between post-discharge steroid tapering regimens in hospitalized patients for ASUC. Both examined steroid taper regimens upon discharge showed comparable clinical results. Hence, we suggest a short steroid taper as a standard post-hospitalization strategy in patients following ASUC encounters. It is likely to enhance patient tolerability and reduce steroid-related adverse effects without adversely affecting outcomes.
The frozen elephant trunk: seeking a more definitive treatment for acute type A aortic dissection
Authors: Papakonstantinou Nikolaos A , Martinez-Lopez Daniel , Chung Jennifer Chia-Ying 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Conventional treatment for type A aortic dissection includes replacement of the ascending aorta with an open distal anastomosis in the hemiarch position. The frozen elephant trunk (FET) is a hybrid technique that extends the repair to the descending thoracic aorta. The goal is to improve resolution of malperfusion syndrome and to induce positive aortic remodelling and reduce the need for reintervention on the downstream aorta. We aim to summarize the data on the short and long-term outcomes of this technique.

METHODS
A thorough search of the literature was conducted isolating all articles dealing with aortic remodelling after the use of FET in case of type A acute aortic dissection. Keywords ‘aortic dissection’, ‘frozen elephant trunk’, ‘aortic remodelling’ and ‘false lumen thrombosis’ were used. Data for type B and chronic aortic dissections were excluded.

RESULTS
FET use favourably influences aortic remodelling. The main advantages lie in the exclusion of distal entry tears in either the aortic arch or descending aorta thus restoring antegrade blood flow in the true lumen and inducing false lumen thrombosis. False lumen thrombosis is not only induced at the level of the stent deployment but also lower in the distal descending aorta. Moreover, it offers an adequate landing zone in the mid-descending aorta for second-stage endovascular or open surgical aortic repair, if needed.

CONCLUSIONS
FET can be advantageous in the treatment of acute type A aortic dissection dealing with extended aortic pathology.