bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Search for Reliable Molecular Markers of Prognosis in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Tradonsky Alison , Rubin Tammy , Beck Rodney , Ring Brian , Seitz Robert , Mair Sharon 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Most prostate cancers are treated, although more than 80% remain clinically insignificant and fewer than 3% are fatal. This retrospective study of 240 radical prostatectomy cases with comprehensive follow-up was a search for reliable markers of prostate cancer prognosis evaluable on biopsy specimens to enable minimization of unnecessary treatment, morbidity, and costs. Representative cancer and benign tissue from each prostatectomy specimen was made into tissue microarrays and stained with antibodies targeting 20 gene sequences. Traditional clinical and pathologic prognosticators and the 20 antibody stains were correlated with patient outcomes. By univariable analysis 4 of 20 antibodies (STMN1/stathmin 1, CYP4Z1/cytochrome p450-4z1, CDH1/E-cadherin, and Hey2), Gleason score, perineural invasion, and apical involvement were statistically significant outcome predictors for biopsy tissue. By multivariate analysis, Gleason score, Hey2, and CYP4Z1 were independently predictive. STMN1 and CDH1 were not independent of Gleason score but remain useful because marker interpretation is objective and Gleason scores often differ for biopsy and prostatectomy specimens.
Molecular Testing in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Shi Chanjuan , Washington Kay 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Currently, molecular testing in colorectal cancer (CRC) is aimed at detecting Lynch syndrome and predicting response to anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapies. However, CRC is a complex disease, with at least 3 molecular pathways of carcinogenesis. The importance of the EGFR signaling pathway in colorectal carcinogenesis is underscored by the availability of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of some metastatic CRCs. Potentially, mutations in any of the genes in the EGFR signaling pathway may be associated with prognosis and may predict response to anti-EGFR or other targeted therapies. Although not currently the standard of care, molecular testing of CRCs is expanding to include mutational analysis of the genes in the EGFR pathway, in addition to more widely performed tests for identifying cancers with high microsatellite instability. Multiplex molecular prognostic panels for therapeutic decision making in stage II CRCs also represent expanding use of molecular testing for this common cancer.
CONFERENCE REVIEWS
Authors: Harper Paul , Shercliff Emma 
Published: May 2012

Review of Making Futures: The Crafts as Change Maker in Sustainably Aware Cultures Dartington Hall, Dartington Estate, Devon, UK, 15–16 September 2011
Textile Research in Process: An nternational symposium exploring the role and relevance of traditional hand skills in contemporary
textiles, and the value and status of craft process. School of the Arts, Loughborough University, UK, 16–17 November 2011
BOOK REVEWS
Authors: Tripp Charles , Ismael Tareq , Maisel Sebastian , Ghazoul Ferial J. , Gunter Michael 
Published: May 2012

A SHORT HISTORY OF IRAQ, THABIT A. J. ABDULLAH (2011) Harlow: Pearson Education/Longman, 224 pp., 2nd edition, ISBN-10 1405859377 (pbk), ISBN-13 978-1405859370, £18.00
IZDIHÂR AL-‘IRAQ TAHT AL-HUKM AL-MALAKÎ (1921–1958): DIRÂSAH TÂRÎKHIYYAH,
SIYÂSIYYAH, IJTIMÂ‘IYYAH MOQÂRANAH, MA’MÛN AMÎN ZAKI (2011) London: Dar Al-Hikma Publishing and Distribution, 504 pp., ISBN 1-904923-78-X (pbk), £15
THE YEZIDIS: THE HISTORY OF A COMMUNITY, CULTURE AND RELIGION, BIRGÜL ACIKYILDIZ (2010)
London and New York: I.B.Tauris, 304 pp., ISBN-10: 1848852746, ISBN-13: 978-1848852747 (hbk), £42
IRAQ’S MODERN ARABIC LITERATURE: A GUIDE TO ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS SINCE 1950, SALIH J. ALTOMA (2010) Lanham, Toronto and Plymouth, UK: The Scarecrow Press, 155 pp., ISBN-10: 0810877058,
ISBN-13: 978-0810877054 (hbk), £39.95
A POISONOUS AFFAIR: AMERICA, IRAQ, AND THE GASSING OF HALABJA, JOOST R. HILTERMANN (2007) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, xxxii + 314 pp., ISBN-10: 0521876869, ISBN-13: 978-0521876865 (hbk), £22.80
GENDERED EXPERIENCES OF GENOCIDE:
ANFAL SURVIVORS IN KURDISTAN-IRAQ CHOMAN HARDI (2011) Farnham, UK: Ashgate, xiv + 217 pp., ISBN-10: 075467715X, ISBN-13: 978-0754677154 (hbk), £47.50
The dramaturgy of the real: Experiential learning with Sheffield culture lab
Authors: McDonnell Bill 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
This article focuses on an educational theatre project, ‘Me and You and Us and Them’, carried out with University of Sheffield English and Theatre students in partnership with Museums Sheffield. Working with children from local inner-city schools, the brief was to create a performative response to Tate Britain’s touring exhibition ‘Picture of Us’ and to present this at the city’s Graves Arts Gallery as part of the exhibition’s closing event. The account of the project provides the basis for a critical/theoretical reflection on the nature and challenges of experiential learning, drawing in particular on the writings of John Heron and Michael Luntley. The article’s thesis is that the latter’s differentiation between ‘thick’ and ‘thin’ conceptions of practice and Heron’s stress on ‘live encounter’ can enrich our understanding of experiential learning, of how we can help our students move from ‘knowing that’ to ‘knowing how’, from the simulation of the world in the workshop to immersion in what Foucault has called ‘the dramaturgy of the real’. The article is in three sections. Section 1 sets out the context for the project. Section 2 offers an impressionistic account of the process. Section 3 offers a summative analysis.
Researching participatory arts, well-being and health: Some methodological issues
Authors: Skingley Ann , Bungay Hilary , Clift Stephen 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
This article considers some of the methodological issues faced by a team working in the emerging field of participatory arts and health research. It argues that, in order to optimize research rigour, there is a need to address four fundamental issues. First, researchers should define the scope of the art(s) under study (in terms of domain, level of participation and potential impact); second, they should adopt a concept of health appropriate for the target sample group; third, the research method should be consistent with the extent and type of evidence already existing in the area and that to be sought; and finally, there is a need to select a means of data collection and communication that accurately represents both the outcomes/impacts of arts interventions and the experiences of research subjects, which may not be reducible to the language conventionally used in research. The issues are illustrated with an account of one research project being undertaken by the team.
REVIEWS
Authors: Peacock Steven , Raw Laurence , Sherry Jamie , Welsh James M. 
Published: May 2012

INGMAR BERGMAN’S ‘THE SILENCE’, MAARET KOSKINEN (2010) Copenhagen: Museum Tuscalanum Press, 208 pp., ISBN: 978-87-635-3159-7, p/bk, £16.99
DAGUR KARI’S ‘NOI THE ALBINO’, BJÖRN NORDFJÖRD (2010) Copenhagen: Museum Tuscalanum Press,
165 pp., ISBN: 978-87-635-3160-3, p/bk, £15.99
LONE SCHERFIG’S ‘ITALIAN FOR BEGINNERS’, METTE HJORT (2010) Copenhagen: Museum Tuscalanum Press, 277 pp., ISBN: 978-87-635-3483-3, p/bk, £25.00
THEORIZING NARRATIVITY, JOHN PIER AND JOSÉ ANGELGARCIA LANDA
(EDS) (2008) Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co, 464 pp., ISBN: 978-3-11-020244-1, h/bk, $10.00
ANALYZING LITERATURE-TO-FILM ADAPTATIONS: A NOVELIST’S EXPLORATION AND GUIDE, MARY H. SNYDER (2011) New York and London: Continuum, 320 pp., ISBN 9781441168184,
p/bk, £17.99
TRUE TO THE SPIRIT: FILM ADAPTATION AND QUESTION OF FIDELITY, COLIN MACCABE, KATHLEEN MURRAY AND RICK WARNER (EDS) (2011) Oxford: Oxford University Press, 250 pp., ISBN: 978-0-19-537467-4, p/bk, $24.95
Bombardment Induced Potassium Ion Transport Through a Sodium Ion Conductor: Conductivities and Diffusion Profiles
Authors: Weitzel Karl-Michael , Rossrucker Lisa , Menezes Promod V. , Zakel Julia , Schäfer Martin , Roling Bernhard 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Ion transport through a Ca30 glass, a sodium ion (Na
+
) conductor, has been induced by bombardment with a potassium ion (K
+
) beam. The measurement of back side ion currents as a function of the ion beam kinetic energy by means of the recently developed BIIT (bombardment induced ion transport) approach allows determining the conductivity of the material. Measurement of this conductivity as a function of the temperature allows deriving the activation energy for ion transport as 0.99 eV ± 0.01 eV in perfect agreement with impedance spectroscopy. While the conductivity as well as the activation energy clearly correspond to the bulk property, i.e. the transport of Na
+
, depth profiling of the glass sample after the BIIT experiment exhibits K
+
profiles reaching up to 100 nm into the glass. Ultimately, modeling of the experimental data by means of the Nernst–Planck–Poisson theory provides access to a quantitative understanding of the conductivities and the diffusion profiles under the condition of competing Na
+
/K
+
ion transport.
Transport and Electromechanical Properties of Stoichiometric Lithium Niobate at High Temperatures
Authors: Weidenfelder Anke , Fritze Holger , Fielitz Peter , Borchardt Günter , Shi Jianmin , Becker Klaus-Dieter , Ganschow Steffen 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Z- and X-cut lithium niobate samples with varying lithium content from 48.3 to 50.0 mol % are investigated at high temperatures. Electrical and electromechanical properties are obtained by impedance spectroscopy. Mixed ionic and electronic conductivity in the temperature range from 500–900 ºC is found to be thermally activated. For 700 ºC and 1000 ºC the diffusion coefficient of lithium ions is calculated. The resonance frequency and the inverse Qf product are determined as a function of temperature up to 900 ºC for shear and thickness mode vibrations. In addition, the tracer diffusion of 18O is investigated by SIMS/SNMS. The 18O depth profile is analyzed and the lithium concentration dependent oxygen diffusion coefficient at 950 ºC for 49.9 mol % Li2O is determined to be DO≈ 3 × 10-17 m2/s.
Low-Temperature DC Conductivity of LiNbO3 Single Crystals
Authors: Ruprecht Benjamin , Rahn Johanna , Schmidt Harald , Heitjans Paul 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
We report on conductivity measurements of LiNbO3 single crystals with congruent composition in ambient atmosphere between 449 and 727 K which include the lowest temperatures covered so far. The ionic DC conductivity observed along the c-axis at, e. g., 650 K is 6.7 × 10-9 S/cm and shows an activation energy of 1.33 eV. The corresponding Li
+
diffusion coefficients range between 2.5 × 10-22 and 1.4 × 10-16 m2/s. These results are perfectly consistent with our conductivity results in the high-temperature regime as well as SIMS measurements published recently (Rahn et al., Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 14 (2012) 2427). From the Li
+
diffusion coefficients obtained here a Haven ratio of 0.7(2) can be deduced.
Ionic Transport and Structure in Doped Plastically Crystalline Solids
Authors: Edwards William V. , Berko Aaron , Blacklocks Aran N. , Savin Shelley L. P. , Chadwick Alan V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThere is considerable interest in plastic crystalline electrolytes which have good room temperature ionic conductivities and potential technological applications as membranes for devices such as batteries. Conductivity and X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements have been used to study succinonitrile (1, 2-dicyanoethane) doped with copper(I) and (II) triflate (trifluoromethanesulfonate) and TFSI (bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide). The conductivities at room temperature are reasonably good, particularly for Cu(I)TFSI doped at 1 mol %, where the conductivity is∼1 × 103S cm-1, which is consistent with previous work on this system. The Cu K-edge EXAFS in 1 mol % doped copper salts show that in all cases, whether Cu(I) or Cu(II), the ion is predominantly in a well-defined and ordered local environment. A tentative model of the conduction process is described that will account for this local structural information; however, the process is clearly complex even in these apparently simple systems.
Electrical Detection of Protein Biomarkers Using Nanoneedle Biosensors
Authors: Esfandyarpour Rahim , Esfandyarpour Hesaam , Javanmard Mehdi , Harris James S. , Davis Ronald W. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract:Here we present the development of an array of electrical nano-biosensors in a microfluidic channel, called Nanoneedle biosensors. Then we present the proof of concept study for protein detection. A Nanoneedle biosensor is a real-time, label-free, direct electrical detection platform, which is capable of high sensitivity detection, measuring the change in ionic current and impedance modulation, due to the presence or reaction of biomolecules such as proteins or nucleic acids. We show that the sensors which have been fabricated and characterized for the protein detection. We have functionalized Nanoneedle biosensors with receptors specific to a target protein using physical adsorption for immobilization. We have used biotinylated bovine serum albumin as the receptor and sterptavidin as the target analyte. The detection of streptavidin binding to the receptor protein is also presented.
Optimization of Horizontal Well Design to Maximize Recoverable Hydrocarbon
Authors: Ling Kegang , Han Guoqing , Shen Zheng , Zhang He 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
In the boom of unconventional resource exploration, horizontal completion has been widely used. Horizontal well has the advantages of increasing productivity index, preventing gas or water coning, avoiding sanding out, enhancing drainage area, reducing drilling pad and footprint, and accelerating recovery. Although these advantages have been well recognized over vertical completion, the quantitative contribution is not yet to be investigated. The current design of horizontal well is primarily derived from field experience. This consists of more or less arbitrary contents. To fill this gap, this paper presents a model to incorporate production from different lengths of horizontal well, cost of the drilling and completion, discount of revenue, and cost by different timing. The achieved optimum horizontal well design leads to a maximized net present value (NPV) for operators.
An Overview of Emerging Technologies and Innovations for Tight Gas Reservoir Development
Authors: Khan Rashid , Al-Nakhli Ayman R. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
As oil prices are significantly increasing in the current decade, oil producers become more and more interested to economically produce natural gas from tight reservoirs. Tight gas reserves represent a huge source of energy that can last for decades. However, the major challenge oil company faces is to find technological solution for economical development and production from such tight reserves.
This paper presents a global patent landscape on tight gas recovery technologies. The paper considers the granted patents and patent applications filed from 1990 through today across the globe. The landscape study identifies key patent filers, independent inventores, Universities, and research labs in the area of tight gas recovery technologies. It also identifies different stimulation technologies associated with different patent assignees. Patent lieterature has been used to obtain information on solutions to problems in tight gas recovery areas, such as sweetspot identification, damage minimization, water blocking, and filtrate invasion. Saudi Aramco is seeking suitable partners in recoving tight gas from its vast reserves.
The patent filing activity was found to be on an upward trend with filings having increased through the 2000s as compared to during the 1990s. The major contribution to this is from major oil field service providers, such as Schlumberger, Halliburton, Baker Hughes, ExxonMobil, BP and Royal Dutch Shell, with a cumulative share in excess of 50%. Independent inventors (patents which are not assigned to any company/research institute) constituted more than 12% of the total filings. Not to be left behind, academic institutes are also actively filing patents in this area. There are a considerable number of patents filed with joint assignee names, which could be identified through research collaborations, such as Schlumberger and Prad Research and Development; 3M and the University of Texas; MIT and BP. The United States, followed by Canada and the European Patent Office (EPO), have a maximum number of patent filings while China is the only Asian country to file patents on tight gas formations. Over 50% of the patents filed have been made through the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) route indicating the assignees' intent to practice these technologies globally. Schlumberger is a key player in the tight gas recovery area focusing on hydraulic fracturing and slick water fracturing. The patents disclosed by these companies disclose acid fracturing in addition to hydraulic fracturing. ExxonMobil has also filed a patent each on multistage fracturing and thermal fracturing, in addition to hydraulic fracturing. Halliburton and Baker Hughes also focus mainly on hydraulic fracturing. Baker Hughes has one patent on slick water fracturing and one patent on acid fracturing, while Halliburton has one patent on foam fracturing.
Intermediate Casing Collapse Induced by Casing Wear in High-Temperature and High-Pressure Wells
Authors: Shen Z.. , Beck F. E. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Casing integrity is extremely important to downhole zonal isolation and preventing well instability. The reduction of casing strength not only occurs in directional drilling, but is also observed in vertical drilling with a slight deviation angle. Deteriorated casing in most hydrocarbon wells is reported from the onset of casing wear by the presence of friction force during the rotation of drillpipe. The friction on the casing wall causes the reduction of casing strength. Furthermore, the combination of corrosive drilling fluids with the rotation of drillpipe could dramatically degrade the casing strength. Although casing burst and collapse strength have been emphasized by many researchers, little research has presented the mechanical response of the worn casing. The studies that do exist on casing wear are not relevant for field applications because they do not consider the effects of high temperature and the surrounding formation. Therefore, it is urgent to obtain a proper stress profile of worn casing in order to reveal the true downhole information.
Based on the boundary superposition principle, we propose an analytical solution for the worn casing model that accounts for the contribution of thermal stress. We focus on the stress evolution in worn casing from the effects of high temperature and the confining formation. The predicted results show that the higher thermal loads largely increase the stress concentration of the worn casing, subsequently weakening the casing strength. The finite element solutions indicate that the radial stress in worn casing is not impacted as much as the hoop stress. The remaining part of the worn casing is subject to compression failure, along with an increase of the burst pressure or the elevated temperature.
Investigating the Mechanism of Water Inflow in Gas Wells in Fractured Gas Reservoirs and Designing a Controlling Method
Authors: Jafari Iman , jamshidi Saeid , masihi Mohsen 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The coning phenomenon usually occurs in water and gas cap drive reservoirs. Water coning in Iranian hydrocarbon reservoirs is one of the most important problems that affects the cumulative production, operation costs and causes environmental problems. Before producing from a reservoir, its fluids are in equilibrium and their contact surfaces remain unchanged, but after starting production from the reservoir, when the viscous force overcome gravitational force in vertical direction, contact surfaces will displace and coning will occur. So, the production rates will be controlled in a range that prevents entering water and gas to the production well. For this reason, investigation and modeling of this phenomenon is extremely necessary. In this paper, the coning phenomenon in one of Iranian gas reservoir had simulated using Eclipse 300 software and parameters affecting coning had studied. Results of this work have shown that water production behavior in fractured gas reservoirs is mostly depending on production rate. Also, sensitivity analysis revealed that the sensitivity of coning time to the changes of fracture horizontal permeability is more than changes of matrix horizontal permeability and fracture vertical permeability. In addition, sensitivity of coning time to the fracture porosity changes is more than matrix one.
An Integrated Approach to Well Integrity Evaluation via Reliability Assessment of Well Integrity Tools and Methods: Results from Dukhan Field, Qatar
Authors: Singh Sanjay K , Subekti Herry , Al-Asmakh Mona , Al-Samarraie Layth 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Qatar Petroleum's super-giant Dukhan field located onshore Qatar has a mature inventory of hundreds of wells. Managing integrity of such mature well inventory to avoid unplanned downtime has been no less crucial than any other activity to maximizing production and injection. This involves costly wellwork decisions for integrity control and repair, which rely heavily on data obtained from a well integrity monitoring program. Well integrity monitoring program ranges from using basic methods to state-of-the-art downhole monitoring tools. Their applications are almost always associated with limitations that impose uncertainty in well integrity evaluation. This paper presents an integrated approach Qatar Petroleum used to address this issue. This approach consisted of performing reliability assessment of the entire array of available tools and methods against given well conditions with a matrix of assessment criteria. This matrix enabled selection of a fit-for-purpose set of tools and methods with clear understanding of their strengths and limitations. Techniques of correlation, bracketing and elimination were then applied to analyze the outputs obtained from using the selected set of tools and methods. The approach allowed detecting well integrity problems and determining their severity with minimal uncertainty. The paper focuses on intricacies of the approach, and how its implementation results in a sound well integrity evaluation. It also presents field examples that demonstrate efficacy of the approach in supporting costly wellwork decisions for restoring well integrity. Successfully restoring the well integrity unlocked revenue potential, made quick payout of the wellwork costs and extended the field life.
Increasing both Productivity and Competitive Advantage on GASCO Plants with Using Simulation Software
Authors: Riad Tamer Hamdy 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Gasco operates two NGL plants located in Alexandria; Amerya LPG plant and Western Desert Gas Complex (WDGC). Recently, Gasco has started up a new project that integrates the two plants to maximize Ethane and Propane productivity. The project design is based on adding new process facilities in Amerya plant to start producing C2+ that directed to WDGC, while a new train is added in WDGC to increase the feed gas capacity and maximize C2+ recovery by applying the Gas Subcooled Process (GSP) as Ethan mode of operation scheme.
This paper presents a study to increase the productivity of the two plants by using simulation software to help the decision making for what the optimum conditions should be applied in different modes of operation to increase the production.