bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of a Preoperative Bowel Preparation Protocol for Patients With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis to Decrease Postoperative Gastrointestinal Morbidities and the Hospital Length of Stay
Authors: Abdulmajeed Alzakri 
Published: May 2024

Study Design Randomised controlled trial. Objective This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a preoperative bowel preparation protocol comprising bisacodyl to minimize postoperative gastrointestinal morbidities and the hospital length of stay for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Summary of Background Data Patients who undergo scoliosis correction surgery frequently experience postoperative gastrointestinal morbidities and a prolonged hospital length of stay. Emesis, paralytic ileus and constipation are the most common gastrointestinal morbidities. Opioid medication is a well-known risk factor for gastrointestinal complications after scoliosis correction surgery. Methods Eighty-seven patients (22 boys [25.3%] and 65 girls [74.7%]) with a mean age of 17.7 years (standard deviation [SD], ±2.2 years) diagnosed with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were enrolled in this study and randomized into 2 groups. Group A comprised 44 patients who received a preoperative bowel preparation comprising bisacodyl. Group B comprised 43 patients who did not receive any preoperative medication. Demographic data, height, weight, medical and surgical comorbidities, Risser status, number of instrumented levels and preoperative opioid consumption of all patients were evaluated. Results Group A experienced fewer postoperative abdominal symptoms than group B. The mean hospital length of stay was 4.1 days (SD, ±.6 days; median, 4 days; range, 3-5 days) for group A; however, it was 5.3 days (SD, ±.8 days; median, 5 days; range, 4-7 days) for group B ( P = .01). Conclusion The use of a bowel preparation protocol before scoliosis correction surgery for patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis can effectively decrease postoperative gastrointestinal morbidities and the hospital length of stay.
Evaluation of Anterior Tibial Translation Under Physiological Axial Load After ACL Reconstruction With Lateral Extra-articular Tenodesis
Authors: Pineda Tomas , Cance Nicolas , Dan Michael J. , Demey Guillaume , Dejour David H. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Postoperative laxity correlates with negative clinical outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The influence of lateral extra-articular tenodesis (LET) on anteroposterior translation is unclear. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aimed to evaluate the reduction in radiographic static anterior tibial translation (SATT) and dynamic anterior tibial translation (DATT) after LET as an adjunctive procedure to ACLR. It was hypothesized that adding a LET procedure would have no effect on postoperative SATT and DATT. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent primary ACLR with hamstring tendon autografts between 2020 and 2022 were reviewed, and those who underwent ACLR and LET as an anterolateral associate procedure were paired 1 to 1 with those who underwent isolated ACLR (control) based on age, sex, preoperative SATT, and posterior tibial slope (PTS). The indications for LET were age <18 years and anterolateral rotary instability (grade ≥2 pivot shift). A previously validated technique was used to measure SATT, DATT, and PTS on lateral weightbearing and lateral stress knee radiographs. Preoperative and 9-month postoperative radiographs were compared between the 2 groups. Results: A total of 72 patients were included in the analysis (n = 36 patients in each group). The inter- and intraobserver reliability of the SATT, DATT, and PTS measurements was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.88-0.99). The mean pre- and postoperative SATT in the ACLR+LET group was 2.44 ± 2.90 mm and 2.44 ± 2.38 mm, respectively, compared with 2.60 ± 2.99 mm and 2.12 ± 2.74 mm, respectively, in the control group. The mean pre- and postoperative reduction in side-to-side DATT in the ACLR+LET group was 5.44 ± 4.65 mm and 1.13 ± 2.95 mm, respectively, compared with 5.03 ± 3.66 mm and 2 ± 3.12 mm, respectively, in the control group. There was no pre- to postoperative difference in SATT ( P = .51). However, the side-to-side DATT was reduced by 3.66 ± 3.37 mm postoperatively ( P < .001), without significant differences between groups ( P = .24). Conclusion: Including a LET procedure for patients undergoing ACLR did not reduce SATT; that is, it did not decrease the amount of tibial translation due to physiological axial load.
Return to Duty in Military Servicemembers After High Tibial Osteotomy Not Associated With Preoperative Radiographic Parameters : A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Feeley Scott M. , Rodkey Daniel L. , Harrington Colin J. , Porter Kaitlin , McMillan Logan , Amendola Annunziato , Slaven Sean E. , Dickens Jonathan F. 
Published: May 2024

Background: Evidence on return to sports/work after high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is limited, especially in a young, high-demand population. Purpose: To (1) identify whether preoperative knee pathology or intraoperative correction was associated with successful return to duty (RTD) and (2) assess whether postoperative complications and reoperation were associated with failure to RTD. Study Design: Case series; Level of Evidence, 4. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of a consecutive series of patients in the Military Health System aged 18 to 55 years with medial compartment osteoarthritis who underwent HTO between 2003 and 2018. Concomitant meniscal and cartilage procedures were included, while cases with concomitant ligamentous procedures were excluded. The inclusion criteria were as follows: active-duty military status, minimum 2-year follow-up, preoperative knee radiographs, and pre- and postoperative long-leg alignment radiographs. Preoperative Kellgren-Lawrence grades and pre- and postoperative hip-knee-ankle angles were measured. The primary outcome was RTD. Failure was defined as knee-related medical separation from the military or conversion to total knee arthroplasty. The secondary outcome was reoperation. Results: A total of 55 HTOs were performed in 50 patients who met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 39 years old (range, 22.8-55 years). The mean follow-up was 5 years (range, 2.1-10.7 years). Ten knees (18.2%) failed HTO (1 conversion to total knee arthroplasty, 9 medical separations), 15 additional knees (27.3%) had permanent activity restrictions, and 30 knees (54.5%) returned to duty without restrictions. Reoperation occurred in 36.4% of knees and was associated with medical separation ( P = .039). Younger age was associated with medical separation ( P = .003) and permanent restrictions ( P = .006). Patients with a postoperative varus deformity of >5° were more likely to undergo medical separation ( P = .023). Conclusion: In a young, high-demand population, HTO succeeded in returning 54.5% of knees to full duty without restriction despite 36.4% of knees requiring reoperation. Residual varus deformity or reoperation was associated with lower RTD rates. No association was identified between RTD and preoperative osteoarthritis grading or deformity.
It Was Like Going to a Battlefield: Lived Experience of Frontline Nurses Supporting Two Hospitals in Wuhan During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyun , Edirippuige Sisira , Snoswell Centaine L. , Bambling Matthew , Liu Dongying , Smith Anthony C. , Bai Xuejun 
Published: May 2024

Introduction The literature indicates that pandemics significantly impact the mental health of frontline health workers. While the effects of COVID-19 on the mental health of frontline nurses have been studied, their lived experiences remain insufficiently explored. Objective This study aims to investigate the lived experience of nurses who were deployed to support Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study adopted a qualitative study design. A purposive sample of fifteen nurses were recruited from a group of nurses who supported Wuhan during COVID-19 pandemic. The data was collected during May and June 2020. Data collection occurred in May and June 2020, employing semistructured interviews conducted via telephone. Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was utilized to analyze the collected data by two independent researchers. This report follows the COREQ checklist. Results Frontline nurses supporting Wuhan likened their experience to being on a battlefield. Four superordinate themes emerged: (1) mobilization for combating COVID-19; (2) rapid adaption to a dynamic high-stress environment; (3) navigating psychological distress; and (4) the journey home. Conclusion This study offers comprehensive insights into the lived experience of nurses deployed from other provinces to assist COVID patients in Wuhan. The findings indicate that despite facing a variety of challenges, these frontline nurses were capable of rapid adaptation and successfully fulfilled their roles. Recommendations for future preparedness in public health emergencies are provided. Additionally, follow-up research is warranted to explore the long-term effects of frontline experience on the mental health of the nurses and their family members.
LINC00330/CCL2 axis-mediated ESCC TAM reprogramming affects tumor progression
Authors: Zhao Lijun , Wang Gengchao , Qi Haonan , Yu Lili , Yin Huilong , Sun Ruili , Wang Hongfei , Zhu Xiaofei , Yang Angang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) significantly influence the progression, metastasis, and recurrence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aberrant expression of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in ESCC has been established, yet the role of lncRNAs in TAM reprogramming during ESCC progression remains largely unexplored.

Methods
ESCC TAM-related lncRNAs were identified by intersecting differentially expressed lncRNAs with immune-related lncRNAs and performing immune cell infiltration analysis. The expression profile and clinical relevance of LINC00330 were examined using the TCGA database and clinical samples. The LINC00330 overexpression and interference sequences were constructed to evaluate the effect of LINC00330 on ESCC progression. Single-cell sequencing data, CIBERSORTx, and GEPIA were utilized to analyze immune cell infiltration within the ESCC tumor microenvironment and to assess the correlation between LINC00330 and TAM infiltration. ESCC-macrophage coculture experiments were conducted to investigate the influence of LINC00330 on TAM reprogramming and its subsequent effect on ESCC progression. The interaction between LINC00330 and C–C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) was confirmed through transcriptomic sequencing, subcellular localization analysis, RNA pulldown, silver staining, RNA immunoprecipitation, and other experiments.

Results
LINC00330 is significantly downregulated in ESCC tissues and strongly associated with poor patient outcomes. Overexpression of LINC00330 inhibits ESCC progression, including proliferation, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and tumorigenicity in vivo. LINC00330 promotes TAM reprogramming, and LINC00330-mediated TAM reprogramming inhibits ESCC progression. LINC00330 binds to the CCL2 protein and inhibits the expression of CCL2 and downstream signaling pathways. CCL2 is critical for LINC00330-mediated TAM reprogramming and ESCC progression.

Conclusions
LINC00330 inhibited ESCC progression by disrupting the CCL2/CCR2 axis and its downstream signaling pathways in an autocrine fashion; and by impeding CCL2-mediated TAM reprogramming in a paracrine manner. The new mechanism of TAM reprogramming mediated by the LINC00330/CCL2 axis may provide potential strategies for targeted and immunocombination therapies for patients with ESCC.

Graphical Abstract
PrCRS: a prediction model of severe CRS in CAR-T therapy based on transfer learning
Authors: Wei Zhenyu , Zhao Chengkui , Zhang Min , Xu Jiayu , Xu Nan , Wu Shiwei , Xin Xiaohui , Yu Lei , Feng Weixing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
CAR-T cell therapy represents a novel approach for the treatment of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors. However, its implementation is accompanied by the emergence of potentially life-threatening adverse events known as cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Given the escalating number of patients undergoing CAR-T therapy, there is an urgent need to develop predictive models for severe CRS occurrence to prevent it in advance. Currently, all existing models are based on decision trees whose accuracy is far from meeting our expectations, and there is a lack of deep learning models to predict the occurrence of severe CRS more accurately.

Results
We propose PrCRS, a deep learning prediction model based on U-net and Transformer. Given the limited data available for CAR-T patients, we employ transfer learning using data from COVID-19 patients. The comprehensive evaluation demonstrates the superiority of the PrCRS model over other state-of-the-art methods for predicting CRS occurrence. We propose six models to forecast the probability of severe CRS for patients with one, two, and three days in advance. Additionally, we present a strategy to convert the model's output into actual probabilities of severe CRS and provide corresponding predictions.

Conclusions
Based on our findings, PrCRS effectively predicts both the likelihood and timing of severe CRS in patients, thereby facilitating expedited and precise patient assessment, thus making a significant contribution to medical research. There is little research on applying deep learning algorithms to predict CRS, and our study fills this gap. This makes our research more novel and significant. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/wzy38828201/PrCRS. The website of our prediction platform is: http://prediction.unicar-therapy.com/index-en.html.
HMMF: a hybrid multi-modal fusion framework for predicting drug side effect frequencies
Authors: Liu Wuyong , Zhang Jingyu , Qiao Guanyu , Bian Jilong , Dong Benzhi , Li Yang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The identification of drug side effects plays a critical role in drug repositioning and drug screening. While clinical experiments yield accurate and reliable information about drug-related side effects, they are costly and time-consuming. Computational models have emerged as a promising alternative to predict the frequency of drug-side effects. However, earlier research has primarily centered on extracting and utilizing representations of drugs, like molecular structure or interaction graphs, often neglecting the inherent biomedical semantics of drugs and side effects.

Results
To address the previously mentioned issue, we introduce a hybrid multi-modal fusion framework (HMMF) for predicting drug side effect frequencies. Considering the wealth of biological and chemical semantic information related to drugs and side effects, incorporating multi-modal information offers additional, complementary semantics. HMMF utilizes various encoders to understand molecular structures, biomedical textual representations, and attribute similarities of both drugs and side effects. It then models drug-side effect interactions using both coarse and fine-grained fusion strategies, effectively integrating these multi-modal features.

Conclusions
HMMF exhibits the ability to successfully detect previously unrecognized potential side effects, demonstrating superior performance over existing state-of-the-art methods across various evaluation metrics, including root mean squared error and area under receiver operating characteristic curve, and shows remarkable performance in cold-start scenarios.
Transcriptomic analysis of polysaccharide utilization loci reveals substrate preferences in ruminal generalists Segatella bryantii TF1-3 and Xylanibacter ruminicola KHP1
Authors: Murovec Urška , Accetto Tomaž 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBacteria of the genera Xylanibacter and Segatella are among the most dominant groups in the rumen microbiota. They are characterized by the ability to utilize different hemicelluloses and pectin of plant cell-wall as well as plant energy storage polysaccharides. The degradation is possible with the use of cell envelope bound multiprotein apparatuses coded in polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs), which have been shown to be substrate specific. The knowledge of PUL presence in rumen Xylanibacter and Segatella based on bioinformatic analyses is already established and transcriptomic and genetic approaches confirmed predicted PULs for a limited number of substrates. In this study, we transcriptomically identified additional different PULs in Xylanibacter ruminicola KHP1 and Segatella bryantii TF1-3. We also identified substrate preferences and found that specific growth rate and extent of growth impacted the choice of substrates preferentially used for degradation. These preferred substrates were used by both strains simultaneously as judged by their PUL upregulation. Lastly, β-glucan and xyloglucan were used by these strains in the absence of bioinformatically and transcriptomically identifiable PUL systems.
Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid promotes the plant growth and accumulation of selenium in grapevine under selenium stress
Authors: Wang Jin , Liu Lei , Zhang Haiyan , Zhang Dilian , Dai Zhen , Luo Xian , Zhang Xiaoli , Xia Hui , Liang Dong , Lv Xiulan , Lin Lijin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo alleviate the selenium (Se) stress in fruit trees and improve its accumulation, the effects of exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) on the growth and Se accumulation of grapevine under Se stress were studied. The application of exogenous IAA increased the biomass of grapevine, and the concentration of exogenous IAA had a regression relationship with the biomass. The root and shoot biomass were the maximum at 60 mg L− 1 IAA, increasing by 15.61% and 23.95%, respectively, compared with the control. Exogenous IAA also increased the photosynthetic pigments and the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase in grapevine. Moreover, exogenous IAA increased the contents of total Se, organic Se, and inorganic Se, and the concentration of exogenous IAA had a regression relationship with the total Se content. The highest contents of root total Se and shoot total Se were accumulated at 90 mg L− 1 IAA, increasing by 29.94% and 55.77% respectively,. In addition, the correlation and path analyses revealed that the carotenoid content and root total Se content were closely associated with the shoot total Se content. Therefore, the application of exogenous IAA can alleviate the stress of Se to grape and promote its uptake and the most effective amount for the uptake of Se is 90 mg L− 1 IAA.
Early myocardial injury in children on doxorubicin for cancer chemotherapy: a cross-sectional study in a tertiary referral centre in Kenya
Authors: Kariuki Nyambura , Kimani Esther , Jowi Christine , Wamalwa Dalton , Suen Jacky Y. , Fraser John F. , Obonyo Nchafatso G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Use of doxorubicin, an anthracycline chemotherapeutic agent has been associated with late-occurring cardiac toxicities. Detection of early-occurring cardiac effects of cancer chemotherapy is essential to prevent occurrence of adverse events including toxicity, myocardial dysfunction, and death.

Objective
To investigate the prevalence of elevated cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and associated factors of myocardial injury in children on doxorubicin cancer chemotherapy.

Methods
Design: A cross-sectional study.
Setting and subjects: A hospital-based study conducted on children aged 1-month to 12.4-years who had a diagnosis of cancer and were admitted at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH).
Interventions and outcomes: The patients underwent Echocardiography (ECHO) before their scheduled chemotherapy infusion. Twenty-four (24) hours after the chemotherapy infusion the patients had an evaluation of the serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT) and a repeat ECHO. Myocardial injury was defined as cTnT level > 0.014 ng/ml or a Fractional Shortening (FS) of < 29% on ECHO.

Results
One hundred (100) children were included in the final analysis. Thirty-two percent (32%) of the study population had an elevated cTnT. A cumulative doxorubicin dose of > 175 mg/m2 was significantly associated with and elevated cTnT (OR, 10.76; 95% CI, 1.18–97.92; p = 0.035). Diagnosis of nephroblastoma was also associated with an elevated cTnT (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 1.23–7.26) but not statistically significant (p = 0.105). Nine percent (9%) of the participants had echocardiographic evidence of myocardial injury.

Conclusion
When compared to echocardiography, elevated levels of cTnT showed a higher association with early-occurring chemotherapy-induced myocardial injury among children on cancer treatment at a tertiary teaching and referral hospital in Kenya.
Nonlinear association of fibrinogen levels with functional prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Feng , Han Yong , Hu Haofei , Guo Yuying , Deng Zhe , Liu Dehong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
Fibrinogen, essential in primary hemostasis, platelet aggregation, and leukocyte-endothelial interactions, is also associated with a heightened risk of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). However, its influence on AIS patient outcomes is unclear. This study examines the correlation between fibrinogen levels and the risk of unfavorable outcomes three months post-AIS.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study conducted in Korea. The sample consisted of 1851 AIS patients who received treatment at a Korean hospital between January 2010 and December 2016. Statistical models were established to understand the relationship between fibrinogen levels(mg/dL) and unfavorable outcomes(mRs ≥ 3), including logistic regression models, Generalized Additive Models (GAM), and smooth curve fitting (penalized splines). The log-likelihood ratio test has been utilized to evaluate the best fit. To ensure the robustness of the results, sensitivity analyses were conducted by reanalyzing the relationship after excluding participants with TG > 200 mg/dl and BMI > 25 kg/m2. Subgroup analyses were also performed to assess whether influencing factors modify the association between fibrinogen levels and unfavorable outcomes.

Results
After adjusting for multiple covariates including age, BMI, sex, LDL-c, TG, HGB, HDL-c, BUN, FPG, ALB, PLT, AF, hypertension, smoking, DM, mRs score at admission, the binary logistic regression model demonstrated revealed a significant positive association between fibrinogen levels and the risk of unfavorable outcomes in AIS patients (OR = 1.215, 95% CI: 1.032–1.429, p = 0.019). Sensitivity analyses supported these findings, with similar ORs observed in subsets of patients with TG < 200 mg/dL (OR = 1.221, 95% CI: 1.036–1.440) and BMI < 25 kg/m2 (OR = 1.259, 95% CI: 1.051–1.509). Additionally, the relationship between fibrinogen levels and outcomes was nonlinear, with a critical threshold of 2.74 g/L. Below the inflection point, the OR for unfavorable outcomes was 0.666 ((95% CI: 0.360, 1.233, p = 0.196), whereas above it, the OR increased to 1.374 (95% CI: 1.138, 1.659).

Conclusions
This study has provided evidence of a positive and nonlinear correlation between fibrinogen levels and 3-month poor functional outcomes in patients with AIS. When fibrinogen levels exceeded 2.74 g/L, a significant and positive association was observed with the risk of poor outcomes. This study provides a further reference for optimizing rehabilitation exercises and facilitating clinical counseling in patients with acute ischemic stroke.