bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of single unilaterally impacted mesiodens on maxillary central incisors: A 3D quantitative assessment based on cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Yang Shengjun , Zhang Chi , Shi Yijin , Yang Haochuan , Wang Dongmiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMesiodens usually lead to the malposition and abnormal morphology of maxillary central incisors.AimTo evaluate the detrimental effects of single unilaterally impacted mesiodens on the three‐dimensional positions and morphology of the maxillary central incisor using cone‐beam computed tomographic (CBCT) examinations.DesignA total of 321 patients aged 5–17 years with single unilaterally impacted mesiodens were included and divided into two groups: mixed dentition group (5–10 years) and early permanent dentition group (11–17 years). CBCT data for these patients were retrospectively analyzed to compare the inclination, rotation, angulation, and morphology of maxillary central incisors between the affected and contralateral control sides. The morphology, orientation, and spatial location of mesiodens were also assessed.ResultsCentral incisors on the affected side showed significant palatal crown inclination, shorter root, shorter tooth, and greater crown‐to‐root ratio in both groups, whereas significant mesial crown angulation was only observed in the mixed dentition group.ConclusionImpacted mesiodentes result in the displacement and impaired root development of central incisors, strongly suggesting timely clinical management of these abnormal teeth, such as the early removal of mesiodens and orthodontic treatments.
The impact of work–life balance and flexible work arrangements on non‐financial organisational performance
Authors: William Asamoah‐Appiah , Singh Kesari 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study's goal was to determine the effect of work–life balance (WLB) and flexible work arrangements (FWAs) on non‐financial organisational performance. The study was motivated by a lack of empirical research on the impact of WLB and FWA on organisational non‐financial performance in developing countries. The evaluation of organisational performance is skewed towards financial indicators at the expense of non‐financial metrics. The study's population consisted of management and non‐management employees from seven multinational and national manufacturing and service firms. Based on a population of 1068 people, the sample size was 678. The return rate was 86.72%. The respondents were chosen using a simple random sampling technique with the aid of a table of random numbers. The research design was a survey, with a validated structured questionnaire used. The data was quantitative, and it was analysed using SPSS (IBM, vr. 26) and SEM‐PLS (3.0). The main findings were that there was a statistically significant relationship among WLB, FWAs and non‐financial organisational performance. It was suggested that management include non‐financial performance indicators in performance evaluations and implement WLB and FWA policies to reduce paid work inferences with personal life.
Comparison of anterior mitral line and mitral isthmus line for ablation of mitral annular flutter
Authors: Neira Victor , Hanson Matthew , Tso Melissa , Khakh Parm , Burak Cengiz , Alam Maqsood , Sanhueza Eduardo , Bakker David , Pardy Jacob , Redfearn Damian , Chacko Sanoj , Simpson Christopher , Abdollah Hoshiar , Baranchuk Adrian , Enriquez Andres 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMitral annular flutter (MAF) is the most common left atrial macro‐reentrant arrhythmia following catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). The best ablation approach for this arrhythmia remains unclear.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective study sought to compare the acute and long‐term outcomes of patients with MAF treated with an anterior mitral line (AML) versus a mitral isthmus line (MIL). Acute ablation success, complication rates, and long‐term arrhythmia recurrence were compared between the two groups.ResultsBetween 2015 and 2021, a total of 81 patients underwent ablation of MAF (58 with an AML and 23 with a MIL). Acute procedural success defined as bidirectional block was achieved in 88% of the AML and 91% of the MIL patients respectively (p = 1.0). One year freedom from atrial arrhythmias was 49.5% versus 77.5% and at 4 years was 24% versus 59.6% for AML versus MIL, respectively (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.38, confidence interval [CI]: 0.17–0.82, p = .009). Fewer patients in the MIL group had recurrent atrial flutter when compared to the AML group (HR: 0.32, CI: 0.12–0.83, p = .009). The incidence of recurrent AF, on the other side, was not different between both groups (21.7% vs. 18.9%; p = .76). There were no serious adverse events in either group.ConclusionIn this retrospective study of patients with MAF, a MIL compared to AML was associated with a long‐term reduction in recurrent atrial arrhythmias driven by a reduction in macroreentrant atrial flutters.
Molecular detection of Sarcocystis sp. in a kept under human care black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus., Goldfuss 1809) with necrotizing encephalitis
Authors: Teng Fwu Shing , Ferreira‐Machado Eduardo , Guerra Juliana Mariotti , Ressio Rodrigo Albergaria , dos Santos Cirqueira Cinthya , Figueiredo Ketlyn Bolsachini , de Carvalho Ana Carolina Souza Ramos , de Camargo Gabriel Corrêa , dos Santos Daniel Oliveira , Rahal Sheila Canevese , Rocha Noeme Sousa , Oliveira Ayisa Rodrigues , Santos Renato Lima , Fernandes Natalia Coelho Couto de Azevedo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA senile male black capuchin monkey (Sapajus nigritus) kept under human care in a Zoo was found dead after 2 weeks presenting signals of weight loss and hyporexia. Histopathological revealed a necrotizing encephalitis. Although it was not observed microscopically, Sarcocystis sp infection was detected in brain tissue from molecular assays. These infections have been rarely described in neotropical primates, particularly associated with tissue lesions.
The social reproduction of (and through) food: Agrarian change in Uzbekistan
Authors: Lombardozzi Lorena 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFood systems—and the interplay between food production, marketisation and access—are constituent elements of the social reproduction of life. Using a social reproduction framework, this paper problematises the ontological, epistemological and methodological premises of food system studies in agrarian change. Based on primary data collected during multiple rounds of fieldwork in rural Uzbekistan and adopting mixed methods, it offers a triple contribution. First, it assesses the inequalities of food security and dietary diversity among different classes of farmers and agrarian wage workers. Along these lines, it argues that individualised food security indicators do not unveil the systemic determinants that explain unequal patterns of social reproduction through nutrition during processes of agrarian marketisation. To move beyond individual‐based theorisations, it extends the investigation to state policies, market drivers and gender norms in relation to food knowledge, provision, affordability and availability. In so doing, it unpacks the contradictions that explain the uneven conditions of social reproduction of (and through) food. Finally, by investigating the modalities of access and availability of ultra‐processed food in rural areas, it reflects on the tensions between the capitalist global food system and its interaction with the logics of state‐led development to maintain the social reproduction of rural life.
Gender differences in the economic consequences of life‐long singlehood among older white U.S. adults
Authors: Carr Deborah , Wang Leping , Smock Pamela J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveDrawing on life course frameworks, this study examines how never married older adults differ from their married, cohabiting, divorced, and widowed peers with respect to three dimensions of late‐life economic security, and gender differences in these associations.BackgroundLifelong singlehood has become increasingly common over the past five decades, although little is known about the economic security of never married older adults relative to their currently and formerly married peers.MethodData are from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS), which tracked Wisconsin high school graduates from ages 18 (1957) to 72 (2011). The 2011 analytic sample includes 5269 persons (2498 men and 2711 women). OLS and logistic regressions are used to predict total household income, wealth, and poverty status at age 72, adjusted for covariates.ResultsLifelong single men have higher poverty rates and lower income than men in all other marital categories, although divorced men evidence the lowest levels of wealth. Lifelong single women fare worse than married and cohabiting women but better than divorced women. Older men are more financially secure than women in every marital status category except lifelong singles.ConclusionBy centering the experiences of never married older adults, results reveal the economic precarity of lifelong single men and distinctions among subgroups of unmarried women. We document the persistence of gender inequality, where men consistently fare better than women across marital statuses.ImplicationsPublic policies should recognize growing heterogeneity in older adults' marital statuses and the implications thereof for their late‐life economic security.
Facial recognition, laterality judgement, alexithymia and resulting central nervous system adaptations in chronic primary headache and facial pain—A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Taxer Bernhard , de Castro‐Carletti Ester Moreira , von Piekartz Harry , Leis Stefan , Christova Monica , Armijo‐Olivo Susan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionPatients with chronic headaches and chronic oro‐facial pain commonly present psychosocial issues that can affect social interactions. A possible reason could be that patients with these disorders might present impairments in facial recognition, laterality judgement and also alexithymia. However, a systematic review summarizing the effects of facial emotion recognition, laterality judgement and alexithymia in individuals with headaches and oro‐facial pain is still not available.AimThe main objective of this systematic review (SR) and meta‐analysis (MA) was to compile and synthesize the evidence on the occurrence of alexithymia, deficits in laterality or left–right (LR) recognition and/or facial emotion recognition (FER) in patients with chronic headache and facial pain.MethodsElectronic searches were conducted in five databases (up to September 2023) and a manual search to identify relevant studies. The outcomes of interest were alexithymia scores, speed and accuracy in LR and/or FER, or any other quantitative data assessing body image distortions. The screening process, data extraction, risk of bias and data analysis were performed by two independent assessors following standards for systematic reviews.ResultsFrom 1395 manuscripts found, only 34 studies met the criteria. The overall quality/certainty of the evidence was very low. Although the results should be interpreted carefully, individuals with chronic headaches showed significantly higher levels of alexithymia when compared to healthy individuals. No conclusive results were found for the other variables of interest.ConclusionAlthough the overall evidence from this review is very low, people with chronic primary headaches and oro‐facial pain could be regularly screened for alexithymia to guarantee appropriate management.
Radiation‐induced exosomes promote oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via enhancing SLC1A5‐glutamine metabolism
Authors: Yang Rongchun , Zhang Siyuan , Wang Lixuan , Chen Yingyao , Chen Xiaobing , Xia Juan , Ren Xianyue , Cheng Bin , Chen Xijuan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy (RT) can drive cancer cells to enter a state of cellular senescence in which cells can secrete senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and produce small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to interact with cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor‐derived sEVs that are taken up by recipient cells contribute to cancer cell metabolic plasticity, resistance to anticancer therapy, and adaptation to the TME. However, how radiation‐induced sEVs support oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) progression remains unclear.MethodsBeta‐galactosidase staining and SASP mRNA expression analysis were used to evaluate the senescence‐associated activity of OSCC cells after irradiation. Nanoparticle tracking analysis was performed to identify radiation‐induced sEVs. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was used to explore changes in the levels of proteins in radiation‐induced sEVs. Cell Counting Kit‐8 and colony formation assays were performed to investigate the function of radiation‐induced SASP and sEVs in vitro. A xenograft tumor model was established to investigate the functions of radiation‐induced sEVs and V‐9302 in vivo as well as the underlying mechanisms. Bioinformatics analysis was performed to determine the relationship between glutamine metabolism and OSCC recurrence.ResultsWe determined that the radiation‐induced SASP triggered OSCC cell proliferation. Additionally, radiation‐induced sEVs exacerbated OSCC cell malignancy. LC–MS/MS and bioinformatics analyses revealed that SLC1A5, which is a cellular receptor that participates in glutamine uptake, was significantly enriched in radiation‐induced sEVs. In vitro and in vivo, inhibiting SLC1A5 could block the oncogenic effects of radiation‐induced sEVs in OSCC.ConclusionRadiation‐induced sEVs might promote the proliferation of unirradiated cancer cells by enhancing glutamine metabolism; this might be a novel molecular mechanism underlying radiation resistance in OSCC patients.
We /r/ Tongan, not American: Variation and the social meaning of rhoticity in Tongan English
Authors: Tod Danielle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current paper argues that speakers of Tongan English, an emergent variety spoken in the Kingdom of Tonga, may use rhoticity to construct a cosmopolitan and globally oriented local social identity. A variationist analysis of non‐prevocalic /r/ in a corpus of 56 speakers reveals a change in progress towards rhoticity led by young females, whereas an affiliation with Liahona High School, a Mormon secondary school, predicts advanced adoption of the feature. I argue that rhoticity carries a positive ideological load for younger speakers as an index of globalness, modernity and Western cultural values, whereas for Liahona‐affiliated speakers, an additional indexicality of rhoticity is Mormonism. Linguistic constraints on variation mirror patterns found in previous studies on L1/L2 varieties and are thus more universal, whereas social constraints on variation are best examined through a local lens.
Novel melatonin‐producing Bacillus safensis EH143 mitigates salt and cadmium stress in soybean
Authors: Kwon Eun‐Hae , Adhikari Arjun , Imran Muhammad , Hussain Adil , Gam Ho‐Jun , Woo Ji‐In , Jeon Jin Ryeol , Lee Da‐Sol , Lee Chung‐Yeol , Lay Liny , Kang Sang‐Mo , Kim Won‐Chan , Yun Byung‐Wook , Lee In‐Jung 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecently, microorganism and exogenous melatonin application has been recognized as an efficient biological tool for enhancing salt tolerance and heavy metal detoxification in agriculture crops. Thus, the goal of this study was to isolate and evaluate a novel melatonin‐producing plant growth promoting bacterium. With high‐throughput whole genome sequencing, phytohormone measurements, expression profiling, and biochemical analysis, we can identify a novel PGPB that produces melatonin and unravel how it promotes soybean growth and development and protects against salt and Cd stress. We identify the melatonin synthesis pathway (tryptophan→tryptamine→serotonin melatonin) of the halotolerant (NaCl > 800 mM) and heavy metal‐resistant (Cd >3 mM) rhizobacterium Bacillus safensis EH143 and use it to treat soybean plants subjected to Cd and NaCl stresses. Results show that EH143 will highly bioaccumulate heavy metals and significantly improve P and Ca2+ uptake and the K+/Na+ (93%↑under salt stress) ratio while reducing Cd uptake (49% under Cd stress) in shoots. This activity was supported by the expression of the ion regulator HKT1, MYPB67, and the calcium sensors CDPK5 and CaMK1 which ultimately led to increased plant growth. EH143 significantly decreased ABA content in shoots by 13%, 20%, and 34% and increased SA biosynthesis in shoots by 14.8%, 31%, and 48.2% in control, salt, and Cd‐treated plants, upregulating CYP707A1 and CYP707A2 and PAL1 and ICS, respectively. The melatonin content significantly decreased along with a reduced expression of ASMT3 following treatment with EH143; moreover, reduced expression of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) by 134.5% and 39% under salt+Cd stress, respectively and increased level of total amino acids were observed. Whole‐genome sequencing and annotation of EH143 revealed the presence of the melatonin precursor tryptophan synthase (trpA, trpB, trpS), metal and other ion regulators (Cd: cadA, potassium: KtrA and KtrB, phosphate: glpT, calcium: yloB, the sodium/glucose cotransporter: sgIT, and the magnesium transporter: mgtE), and enzyme activators (including the siderophore transport proteins yfiZ and yfhA, the SOD sodA, the catalase katA1, and the glutathione regulator KefG) that may be involved in programming the plant metabolic system. As a consequence, EH143 treatment significantly reduced the contents of lipid peroxidation (O2‐, MDA, and H2O2) up to 69%, 46%, and 29% in plants under salt+Cd stress, respectively. These findings suggest that EH143 could be a potent biofertilizer to alleviate NaCl and Cd toxicity in crops and serve as an alternative substitute for exogenous melatonin application.
Survival in dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology with and without lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Ostrager Arielle , Bentley R. Timothy , Lewis Melissa J. , Moore George E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prognosis of individual dogs with meningoencephalomyelitis of unknown etiology (MUE) remains difficult to predict. MUE cases with no lesions detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) occur, but it is unknown whether this finding is associated with prognosis.HypothesisMUE cases without detectable lesions on MRI have a better outcome than cases with detectable lesions.AnimalsStudy included 73 client‐owned dogs with MUE presenting to Purdue University Veterinary Hospital from 2010 to 2020.MethodsRetrospective study. Dogs with a clinical diagnosis of MUE were identified by medical record search. MRI reports were reviewed for presence or absence of lesions consistent with MUE. Clinical findings at presentation, treatment, disease‐specific survival, and outcomes including rates of remission and relapse were compared between cases with normal MRI or abnormal MRI.ResultsOverall, 54 dogs (74%) were classified as abnormal MRI, and 19 dogs (26%) were classified as normal MRI cases. Death caused by MUE occurred in 1/19 (5%) normal MRI dogs and 18/54 (33%) abnormal MRI dogs (P = .016). Median survival was >107 months in both groups, but survival was significantly longer in the normal MRI group (P = .019). On multivariate analysis, abnormal MRI was significantly related to death (hazard ratio, 7.71; 95% confidence interval 1.03‐58.00, P = .0470), whereas significant relationships with death were not identified for either the use of secondary immunosuppressive medications or cerebrospinal fluid nucleated cell count.ConclusionsMUE dogs with no detectable lesions on MRI have reduced disease‐related death compared with dogs with abnormal MRI. The presence or absence of MRI lesions in MUE dogs is prognostically relevant.
Prevalence of Hemoplasma spp. positivity in potential feline blood donors and study of the association with selected clinical variables
Authors: Roels Elodie , Debie Chiara , Giraud Sophie , Ferreira Rui , Gommeren Kris 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundHemotropic mycoplasmas, hemoplasmas, are epi‐erythrocytic parasitic bacteria that can be transmitted through blood transfusion.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of hemoplasma infection of potential feline blood donors and investigate the association between Hemoplasma spp. quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) positivity in blood units and selected variables.AnimalsSeven thousand five hundred seventy‐three blood units from 4121 privately‐owned potential donor cats.MethodsRetrospective observational cross‐sectional study. The Banco Sangue Animal (BSA)—Animal Blood Bank medical database was reviewed for all feline donations performed in 2022 in Portugal, Spain, and Belgium. Baseline characteristics and results of blood‐borne pathogens screening tests were extracted from the medical records.ResultsTwo hundred twelve of 4034 Portuguese donor cats and 2 of 70 Spanish donor cats tested positive for Hemoplasma spp. qPCR in 2022 leading to an overall estimated prevalence of 5.2% (95% CI: 4.5%‐5.9%) in potential blood donors. Using multivariable generalized estimation equation models, Hemoplasma spp. qPCR was more often positive among blood units issued from male cats (OR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.4‐2.6, P < .0001), units positive for FeLV (OR = 2.8, 95% CI: 1.4‐5.6, P = .0023), and units collected in winter months (OR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.7‐3.6, P < .0001).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThis study underscores the importance of Hemoplasma spp. and other relevant blood‐borne pathogens screening at every donation. Implementing stringent screening protocols is crucial to mitigate the risk of hemoplasma transmission via blood transfusions, thereby safeguarding the health and welfare of cats receiving transfusions.
Detection and quantification of organosulfur species in the Tagish Lake Meteorite by highly sensitive LC‐MS
Authors: Randazzo N. , Hilts R. W. , Holt M. C. , Herd C. D. K. , Reiz B. , Whittal R. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe analyzed the methanol extracts of six pristine specimens of the Tagish Lake meteorite (TL1, TL4, TL5A, TL6, TL7, and TL10a) and heated and unheated samples of Allende using high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with high‐resolution, accurate mass–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐HRAM‐MS). All samples contained ppm levels of sulfate and methyl sulfate. The most abundant organosulfur compound in the methanol extracts of the Tagish Lake and Allende samples was methyl sulfate, which was likely formed primarily via an esterification reaction between intrinsic sources of methanol and sulfate. A homologous series of polythionic acids was also observed in the extracts of the Tagish Lake specimens and Allende. The polythionic acids were the most abundant soluble inorganic sulfur species found in the meteorites. Our results were confirmed using retention time, accurate mass, isotope matching, and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Hydroxymethanesulfonic acid, previously reported in Tagish Lake, was found only in an unheated Allende sample and in low abundance. Here, we propose possible sulfate formation pathways that begin with interstellar dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl disulfide, methyl sulfide, or methanethiol via cold, nebular processes within the interstellar medium and continue via MSA as an intermediary compound ending within planetary bodies with sulfate and methyl sulfate as the final products.