bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial cells promote neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation associated with VEGF activated Notch and Pten signaling
Authors: Sun Jinqiao , Zhou Wenhao , Ma Duan , Yang Yi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTo investigate whether and how endothelial cells affect neurogenesis, we established a system to co‐culture endothelial cells and brain slices of neonatal rat and observed how subventricular zone cells differentiate in the presence of endothelial cells. In the presence of endothelial cells, neural stem cells increased in number, as did differentiated neurons and glia. The augmentation of neurogenesis was reversed by diminishing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in endothelial cells with RNA interference (RNAi). Microarray analysis indicated that expression levels of 112 genes were significantly altered by co‐culture and that expression of 81 of the 112 genes recovered to normal levels following RNAi of VEGF in endothelial cells. Pathway mapping showed an enrichment of genes in the Notch and Pten pathways. These data indicate that endothelial cells promote neural stem cell proliferation and differentiation associated with VEGF, possibly by activating the Notch and Pten pathways. Developmental Dynamics 239:2345–2353, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Commentary on ‘Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents’ with a response from the review authors
Authors: Cohen David , Flament Martine F. , Consoli Angèle , Ipser Jonathan C. , Hawkridge Susan , Hoppe Lara , Stein Dan J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Ipser JC, Stein DJ, Hawkridge S, Hoppe L. Pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD005170. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD005170.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Summary of ‘Oral iron supplementation for preventing or treating anaemia among children in malaria‐endemic areas’
Authors: Office Evidence‐Based Child Health Editorial 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Ojukwu JU, Okebe JU, Yahav D, Paul M. Oral iron supplementation for preventing or treating anaemia among children in malaria‐endemic areas. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD006589. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006589.pub2Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Commentary. Copyright © 2010 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Downstream effects of beaver ponds on the water quality of New England first‐ and second‐order streams
Authors: Błȩdzki Leszek A. , Bubier J. L. , Moulton L. A. , Kyker‐Snowman T. D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBeaver, as allogenic ecosystem engineers, are capable of extensively altering surrounding habitats resulting in significant effects on stream water quality. This paper presents insight into downstream effects of beaver impoundments (both actively maintained and abandoned by beaver) and accumulated sediments on water quality, especially in protected watersheds serving as a drinking water supply. In a tributary un‐inhabited by beaver compared to those with active beaver ponds, we found significantly (p < 0·001) lower concentrations of NO3N (respectively: mean (standard error)) without beaver 0·11 (0·005) mg/l and with beaver 0·14 (0·002) mg/l), NH4N (0·007 (0·002) and 0·24 (0·002) mg/l), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) (3·47 (0·081) and 8·37 (0·203) mg/l), chlorophyll (2·38 (0·066) and 6·96 (0·203) µg/l), and temperature (16·43 (0·101) and 19·85 (0·123) °C), but higher pH (7·17 (0·02) and 6·72 (0·022)), PO4 (0·20 (0·01) and 0·17 (0·014) mg/l) concentration, and dissolved oxygen (DO) saturation (100·8 (0·708) and 67·6 (1·74)%). Within the beaver ponds, we observed a high abundance of predatory zooplankton, which help to control algae and feed on detritus within the pond ecosystem. We intentionally breached an abandoned beaver dam in the field and conducted a sediment resuspension experiment in the laboratory to assess the potential for increases in turbidity and nutrients from beaver pond sediments as would be expected in the event of a catastrophic dam breach. We found that abandoned beaver ponds have a stronger influence on downstream water quality than actively maintained ponds owing to higher turbidity with finer sediments and sharply increased stream water temperature during a dam failure. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Single‐Source Co/Li/O Organometallic Precursor for Nanocrystalline LiCoO2 – Synthesis, Formation Pathway, and Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Khanderi Jayaprakash , Schneider Jörg J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA single‐source precursor route to phase‐pure LiCoO2 by employing the organometallic precursor [(COD)2CoLi(thf)2] (1) to introduce a Co/Li/O 1:1:2 stoichiometry is described for the first time. Compound 1 undergoes decomposition in the presence of oxygen, forming nanoscaled, electrochemically active LiCoO2 starting at a temperature as low as 200 °C. Its temperature‐dependent formation pathway was studied by various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The transition temperature for the evolution of layered LiCoO2 is above 400 °C. Electrochemical studies indicate that the low‐temperature modification of LiCoO2 can be obtained at 500 °C, showing moderate electrochemical battery performance.
Silver(I) and Mercury(II) Complexes with 1‐Methyl‐1,2,4‐triazole as Models for Metal‐Mediated Base Pairs – Formation of Discrete Complexes in Solution vs. One‐ and Two‐Dimensional Coordination Polymers in the Solid State
Authors: Megger Dominik A. , Kösters Jutta , Hepp Alexander , Müller Jens 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe coordination chemistry of 1‐methyl‐1H‐1,2,4‐triazole(1‐mtri) with respect to the linearly coordinating metal ions silver(I) and mercury(II) has been established. The ligand serves as a model nucleobase for the artificial 1,2,4‐triazole nucleoside. Solution studies show that 2:1 complexes are formed with both metal ions in water. Mercury(II) forms more stable complexes than silver(I), with a stability constant of log β2 of 10.5 ± 2.5 vs. 4.3 ± 0.4 for the silver(I) complex. In the solid state, different types of cationic coordination polymers are formed. The silver complex [Ag(1‐mtri)](ClO4) (1) comprises a one‐dimensional coordination polymer [Ag2(1‐mtri)2]n2n+, showing a 1:1 ratio of ligand to metal. By contrast, the mercury complex [Hg(1‐mtri)2](ClO4)2 (2) retains a 2:1 stoichiometry while forming a two‐dimensional coordination polymer. In compound 2, mercury(II) is coordinated in a distorted octahedral fashion, with two normal and four long bonds, resulting in a compressed octahedron.
Nanothermometers for Transmission Electron Microscopy – Fabrication and Characterization
Authors: Wang Chiu‐Yen , Chen Lih‐Juann 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe fabrication and characterization of nanothermometers for use in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are reviewed. Comparisons of different core–shell nanothermometers in terms of the working temperature range, growth conditions, and thermal expansion coefficients are made. The thermal stability of oxide compounds is discussed
Cyclopenta[a]quinolizine: A Novel Pseudoazulene with a Bridgehead Nitrogen Atom
Authors: Gormay Pavel V. , Rybakov Victor B. , Babaev Eugene V. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCyclopenta[a]quinolizine, a novel tricyclic pseudoazulene, was prepared by reaction of cyclopentadienyllithium with oxazolo[3,2‐a]pyridinium or substituted pyridinium salts. Structural analysis (X‐ray analysis, NMR and UV spectroscopy) and DFT calculations confirm its highly dipolar nature (due to delocalization of the negative charge around the five‐membered ring) combined with partial localization of bonds in both six‐membered rings.
Management of the diffusion of 4‐methylumbelliferone across phases in microdroplet‐based systems for in vitro protein evolution
Authors: Wu Nan , Courtois Fabienne , Zhu Yonggang , Oakeshott John , Easton Chris , Abell Chris 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFluorongenic reagents based on 4‐methylumbelliferone (4‐MU) have been widely used for the detection of phosphatase, sulfatase, esterase, lipase and glycosidase activities in conventionally formatted enzyme assay systems. However, the sensitivity of assays based on these substrates is also potentially very useful in the microdroplet formats now being developed for high throughput in vitro evolution experiments. In this article, we report the investigation of diffusion of 4‐MU as a model dye from water‐in‐oil droplets and the internal aqueous phase of water‐in‐oil‐in‐water droplets in microfluidics. The effect of BSA in the aqueous phase on the diffusion of 4‐MU is also discussed. Based on these results, we provided here proof‐of‐concept of the reaction of the enzyme OpdA with the substrate coumaphos in water‐in‐oil‐in‐water droplets. In this double‐emulsion system, the reaction of OpdA and coumaphos was achieved by allowing coumaphos to diffuse from the continuous aqueous phase across the oil phase into the internal aqueous droplets.
Dietary influences on mutagenesis—Where is this field going?
Authors: Ferguson Lynnette R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEarly studies on dietary mutagenesis were mostly observational, with large numbers of potential dietary mutagens being identified from every conceivable dietary source. These included known dietary carcinogens such as aflatoxin B1 and benzo[a]pyrene, and hitherto unrecognized dietary mutagens, such as the pyrolysis products formed during the heating of proteinaceous materials (heterocyclic amines). The 1993 evaluation of 2‐amino‐3‐methyl‐3H‐imidazo(4,5‐j)quinoline as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer was a landmark, as this was done in the absence of specific human carcinogenicity data, and strongly influenced by mutagenicity test data. In the 21st century, the field has moved from the identification of more and more mutagens, to molecular epidemiologic approaches that not only show a mutagenic effect but also seek to link it to a dietary (or environmental) cause. Effects of diet in stimulating chronic inflammation may lead to reactive species and thereby mutation as a secondary consequence, while dietary deficiencies and nutrient imbalances may be strong sources of mutagenesis. Recognition of the roles of nutrients in cell signaling processes and control of microRNAs suggest major influences on gene expression, in the absence of permanent DNA changes. Genome‐wide association studies have highlighted new pathways such as JAK/STAT signaling that profoundly influence genomic instability and responses to dietary mutagens. With improved methodologies for DNA sequencing and epigenetic changes, it is time to apply more sophisticated approaches to recognizing and proving the role of diet as a primary modulator of mutagenesis in humans. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Aeolian sand strip mobility and protodune development on a drying beach: examining surface moisture and surface roughness patterns measured by terrestrial laser scanning
Authors: Nield Joanna M. , Wiggs Giles F.S. , Squirrell Robert S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractEphemeral aeolian sand strips are commonplace on beaches. Their formation during high energy sand transport events often precedes the development of protodunes and their dynamics present interesting feedback mechanisms with surface moisture patterns. However, due to their temporary nature, little is known of their formation, mobility or the specifics of their interaction with beach surface characteristics. Similarly surface moisture has an important influence on sediment availability and transport in aeolian beach systems, yet it is difficult to quantify accurately due to its inherent variability over both short spatial and temporal scales. Whilst soil moisture probes and remote sensing imagery techniques can quantify large changes well, their resolution over mainly dry sand, close to the aeolian transport threshold is not ideal, particularly where moisture gradients close to the surface are large. In this study we employed a terrestrial laser scanner to monitor beach surface moisture variability during a three and a half hour period after a rain event and investigated relationships between bedform development, surface roughness and surface moisture. Our results demonstrate that as the beach surface dries, sand transport increases, with sediment erosion occurring at the wet/dry surface boundary, and deposition further downwind. This dynamic structure, dependent upon changing surface moisture characteristics, results in the formation of a rippled sand strip and ultimately a protodune. Our findings highlight dynamic mobility relationships and confirm the need to consider transient bedforms and surface moisture across a variety of scales when measuring aeolian transport in beach settings. The terrestrial laser scanner provides a suitable apparatus with which to accomplish this. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Trophodynamics of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers in a marine food web
Authors: Zhang Kun , Wan Yi , An Lihui , Hu Jianying 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
The current study measured the concentrations of 14 polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and eight methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) in a marine food web and estimated their trophic magnification factors (TMFs), to highlight the differences between invertebrates, fish, and seabirds. Concentrations of PBDEs were orders of magnitude greater in seabirds (184.07 ± 161.63 ng/g lipid wt) compared with invertebrates and fish (19.01 ± 14.14 ng/g lipid wt). Although the congener profiles in invertebrates, fish, and juvenile seabirds were dominated by BDE-47, the contributions of BDE-99 and BDE-153 in adult seabirds were also significant. Unlike PBDEs, however, higher average MeO-PBDE concentrations were detected in fish (126.27 ± 189.27 ng/g lipid wt) and bivalves (15.96 ± 11.82 ng/g lipid wt) than in seabirds (2.61 ± 2.87 ng/g lipid wt). Correlations between lipid-normalized PBDE concentrations and trophic levels confirmed that seven PBDE congeners were magnified in the invertebrate-fish-seabird food web and that PBDE concentrations increased at a much greater rate across trophic levels in seabirds than in invertebrates and fish. This result indicates that estimating TMFs of PBDEs separately for seabirds, invertebrates, and fish is preferable. For MeO-PBDEs, no significant relationships were obtained in the invertebrate-fish-seabird food web. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2792–2799. © 2010 SETAC
Dissolved organic matter modulating the uptake, biotransformation, and elimination rates of pyrene inDaphnia magna
Authors: Ruotsalainen Anna-Maija , Akkanen Jarkko , Kukkonen Jussi V.K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn the current study, the toxicokinetics of pyrene in Daphnia magna was determined in detail, and the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in these processes was investigated. Uptake, biotransformation, parent compound and metabolite elimination rates (ku, km, kep, kem), depuration rates, bioconcentration factors (BCFs), and biological half-lives were studied in one natural humic water, in two waters made from DOM isolates, and in DOM-free artificial fresh water. The daphnids were exposed to pyrene for 24 h and depurated for another 24 h. To analyze the data, the two-compartment model was used to obtain toxicokinetic parameters, and the depuration data were analyzed by linear regression. Extensive biotransformation of pyrene resulted in high metabolite concentration in the organisms (83% of total radioactivity) after 24 h exposure. Depuration of the parent compound seemed to be biphasic: at first, depuration was rapid, but after 4 to 10 h in uncontaminated water, the disappearance rate came close to zero. After a 24-h depuration time, 7.8% of the pyrene accumulated remained in the organism. Overall, the elimination of parent compound was faster than the elimination of metabolites, which might imply inefficient excretion of water-soluble biotransformation products from daphnids. The effect of DOM on accumulation of pyrene was seen in a decreased uptake rate, indicating lower bioavailability of the compound in waters that contain high-aromaticity DOM. In the same waters, DOM significantly accelerated pyrene biotransformation and overall elimination. Altogether, DOM appears to be able to affect toxicokinetics through mechanisms that are connected to interaction with the contaminant but also directly through interaction with biotransformation systems. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010;29:2783–2791. © 2010 SETAC
The combined‐jamming model for IEEE 802.11 FH/MFSK networks
Authors: Kirachaiwanich D. , Liang Q. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn this paper, the expressions for calculating the bit error rate (BER) performance of noncoherent frequency‐hopped M‐ary frequency‐shift‐keying (NC‐FH/MFSK) receiver, subjected to independent multitone jamming (IMTJ) and partial‐band jamming (PBJ), are derived. We observe that the the jamming tones in IMTJ strategy are, in fact, equivalent to the cochannel interferences in the network of IEEE 802.11 NC‐FH/MFSK devices. Also, the major source of interference from outside of such network (coexisting network interference) is the IEEE 802.11 a/b/g devices whose signal is very similar to that of the jammer in PBJ strategy. Therefore, we combine the expressions for IMTJ and PBJ together and create a new combined‐jamming formula for determining the link performance in IEEE 802.11 NC‐FH/MFSK networks. As an example, we also illustrate the application of the new formula on the channel assignment (CA) problem in multiradio NC‐FH/MFSK wireless mesh networks. Because the combined‐jamming formula can take into account both the cochannel interference and the outside interference, it can predict fairly accurate BERs for determining appropriate channels in the network. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
EWSR1‐POU5F1 fusion in soft tissue myoepithelial tumors. A molecular analysis of sixty‐six cases, including soft tissue, bone, and visceral lesions, showing common involvement of the EWSR1 gene
Authors: Antonescu Cristina R. , Zhang Lei , Chang Ning‐En , Pawel Bruce R. , Travis William , Katabi Nora , Edelman Morris , Rosenberg Andrew E. , Petur Nielsen G. , Cin Paola Dal , Fletcher Christopher D.M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe diagnosis of myoepithelial (ME) tumors outside salivary glands remains challenging, especially in unusual clinical presentations, such as bone or visceral locations. A few reports have indicated EWSR1 gene rearrangement in soft tissue ME tumors, and, in one case each, the fusion partner was identified as either PBX1 or ZNF444. However, larger studies to investigate whether these genetic abnormalities are recurrent or restricted to tumors in soft tissue locations are lacking. Sixty‐six ME tumors mainly from soft tissue (71%), but also from skin, bone, and visceral locations, characterized by classic morphological features and supporting immunoprofile were studied. Gene rearrangements in EWSR1, FUS, PBX1, and ZNF444 were investigated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. EWSR1 gene rearrangement was detected in 45% of the cases. A EWSR1‐POU5F1 fusion was identified in a pediatric soft tissue tumor by 3′Rapid Amplification of cDNA Euds (RACE) and subsequently confirmed in four additional soft tissue tumors in children and young adults. An EWSR1‐PBX1 fusion was seen in five cases, whereas EWSR1‐ZNF444 and FUS gene rearrangement was noted in one pulmonary tumor each. In conclusion, EWSR1 gene rearrangement is a common event in ME tumors arising outside salivary glands, irrespective of anatomical location. EWSR1‐negative tumors were more often benign, superficially located, and showed ductal differentiation, suggesting the possibility of genetically distinct groups. A subset of soft tissue ME tumors with clear cell morphology harbor an EWSR1‐POU5F1 fusion, which can be used as a molecular diagnostic test in difficult cases. These findings do not support a pathogenetic relationship between soft tissue ME tumors and their salivary gland counterparts. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
BMI and fracture risk in older men: The osteoporotic fractures in men study (MrOS)
Authors: Nielson Carrie M , Marshall Lynn M , Adams Annette L , LeBlanc Erin S , Cawthon Peggy M , Ensrud Kristine , Stefanick Marcia L , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , Orwoll Eric S ,   for the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS) Research Group
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Low body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for fracture, but little is known about the association between high BMI and fracture risk. We evaluated the association between BMI and fracture in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (MrOS), a cohort of 5995 US men 65 years of age and older. Standardized measures included weight, height, and hip bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); medical history; lifestyle; and physical performance. Only 6 men (0.1%) were underweight (&lt;18.5 kg/m2); therefore, men in this category were excluded. Also, 27% of men had normal BMI (18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2), 52% were overweight (25 to 29.9 kg/m2), 18% were obese I (30 to 34.9 kg/m2), and 3% were obese II (35 to 39.9 kg/m2). Overall, nonspine fracture incidence was 16.1 per 1000 person-years, and hip fracture incidence was 3.1 per 1000 person-years. In age-, race-, and BMD-adjusted models, compared with normal weight, the hazard ratio (HR) for nonspine fracture was 1.04 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87–1.25] for overweight, 1.29 (95% CI 1.00–1.67) for obese I, and 1.94 (95% CI 1.25–3.02) for obese II. Associations were weaker and not statistically significant after adjustment for mobility limitations and walking pace (HR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.84–1.23, for overweight; HR = 1.12, 95% CI 0.86–1.46, for obese I, and HR = 1.44, 95% CI 0.90–2.28, for obese II). Obesity is common among older men, and when BMD is held constant, it is associated with an increased risk of fracture. This association is at least partially explained by worse physical function in obese men. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Performance of 3D‐space‐based atoms‐in‐molecules methods for electronic delocalization aromaticity indices
Authors: Heyndrickx Wouter , Salvador Pedro , Bultinck Patrick , Solà Miquel , Matito Eduard 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSeveral definitions of an atom in a molecule (AIM) in three‐dimensional (3D) space, including both fuzzy and disjoint domains, are used to calculate electron sharing indices (ESI) and related electronic aromaticity measures, namely,Iringand multicenter indices (MCI), for a wide set of cyclic planar aromatic and nonaromatic molecules of different ring size. The results obtained using the recent iterative Hirshfeld scheme are compared with those derived from the classical Hirshfeld method and from Bader's quantum theory of atoms in molecules. For bonded atoms, all methods yield ESI values in very good agreement, especially for C–C interactions. In the case of nonbonded interactions, there are relevant deviations, particularly between fuzzy and QTAIM schemes. These discrepancies directly translate into significant differences in the values and the trends of the aromaticity indices. In particular, the chemically expected trends are more consistently found when using disjoint domains. Careful examination of the underlying effects reveals the different reasons why the aromaticity indices investigated give the expected results for binary divisions of 3D space. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011.