bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatic control elements promote long‐term expression of human coagulation factor IX gene in hydrodynamically transfected mice
Authors: Kim Hong Sung , Kim Jong Chul , Lee Yeon Kyung , Kim Jung Seok , Park Yong Serk 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term expression of the delivered target gene is critical for successful gene therapy. Recently, hepatic control region I (HCR I) originating from the apolipoprotein (apo)C‐I pseudogene was shown to be a critical element for long‐term gene expression in the liver of mice. HCR II is another hepatic control region of apoC‐I.MethodsHCR I, HCR II and HCR I/II‐containing plasmids encoding factor IX were prepared and hydrodynamically transferred into the liver of normal and hemophilia B mice. Factor IX expression, clotting activity and formation of antibodies against the expressed gene product were compared.ResultsHCR I‐, HCR II‐ and HCR I/II‐containing plasmids all induced long‐term gene expression in both normal and hemophilia B mice. Post‐transfection factor IX expression in the hemophilia B mice remained above 500 ng/ml for 210 days. Antibodies against human factor IX were detected at a low level in the serum, although they had no effect on the levels and clotting activity of the expressed factor IX.ConclusionsWe have shown in mouse models that hydrodynamic transfection of pBS‐HCRII‐HP‐FIXA and pBS‐HCRI/II‐HP‐FIXA was able to induce and maintain the expression and clotting activity of human factor IX for a long period of time at a potentially therapeutic level. With an appropriate delivery system, this type of plasmid vector could be clinically useful for the hepatic expression of therapeutic genes including human factor IX. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene therapy with adenovirus‐delivered indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase improves renal function and morphology following allogeneic kidney transplantation in rat
Authors: Vavrincova‐Yaghi Diana , Deelman Leo E. , van Goor Harry , Seelen Marc , Kema Ido P. , Smit‐van Oosten Annemieke , de Zeeuw Dick , Henning Robert H. , Sandovici Maria 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundIndoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO), the rate‐limiting enzyme in the tryptophan catabolism, has recently emerged as an important immunosuppressive enzyme involved in the regulation of both physiologic (maternal tolerance), as well as pathologic (neoplasia, autoimmune diseases, asthma) processes. Accumulating evidence points to a role for IDO in suppressing T‐cell responses, thereby promoting tolerance. In the present study, we investigate the effects of adenovirus‐mediated gene therapy with IDO on the acute rejection of the transplanted kidneys.MethodsThe experiments were performed in a rat Fisher to Lewis acute renal rejection model. RGD modified adenovirus carrying IDO gene (RGD‐AdTIDO, n = 9) or RGD modified adenovirus carrying green fluorescent protein gene (RGD‐AdTL, n = 8) were injected into the renal artery of the donor kidney before transplantation. A group receiving saline (n = 8) served as control. Rats were sacrificed after 7 days.ResultsSuccessful gene delivery was confirmed with real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. RGD‐AdTIDO significantly decreased elevated plasma creatinine (93.7 ± 18.9 µmol/l) compared to the RGD‐AdTL (248.2 ± 43.6 µmol/l) and saline (228.3 ± 46.4 µmol/l) treated rats. Moreover, RGD‐AdTIDO therapy diminished the infiltration of CD8+ T cells and macrophages into the graft and reduced renal interstitial pre‐fibrosis. Also, it limited the up‐regulation of kidney injury molecule‐1, interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐17 and transforming growth factor‐β mRNA expression, and increased foxp3 mRNA expression compared to controls.ConclusionsRGD‐AdTIDO therapy improves renal function and morphology in a clinically relevant model of acute rejection. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mechanisms of polyethylenimine‐mediated DNA delivery: free carrier helps to overcome the barrier of cell‐surface glycosaminoglycans
Authors: Hanzlíková Martina , Ruponen Marika , Galli Emilia , Raasmaja Atso , Aseyev Vladimir , Tenhu Heikki , Urtti Arto , Yliperttula Marjo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundPolyethylenimine (PEI) polyplexes mediate efficient gene transfer only at high +/− charge ratios at which free noncomplexed PEI is present. The excess of PEI gives polyplexes a positive surface charge that plays a role in polyplex binding on the cell membrane. Although positively charged PEI polyplexes are known to interact with anionic cell‐surface glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), the exact role of free PEI in such interactions is unclear.MethodsChinese hamster ovary wild‐type cells and mutants lacking cell‐surface GAGs were transfected with marker genes using PEI polyplexes with and without free PEI. The total amount of cell‐associated plasmid DNA (pDNA) delivered by polyplexes was determined by quantitative real‐time PCR and transgene expression was determined using β‐galactosidase and luciferase assays.ResultsTransfection activity of polyplexes without free PEI in cells expressing cell‐surface GAGs was low even though pDNA was delivered to cells. In the absence of cell‐surface GAGs, polyplexes without free PEI had high transfection efficacy. This indicates that the cell‐surface GAGs inhibit transfection by purified polyplexes. PEI polyplexes with free carrier mediated transfection in both normal and GAG‐deficient cells because free PEI overcomes the inhibitory effect of cell‐surface GAGs on transfection. The intracellular elimination of pDNA was faster in the presence of GAGs and, despite improved transfection, free PEI reduced pDNA association with the cells.ConclusionsFree PEI is essential for minimizing the undesirable binding of polyplexes to cell‐surface GAGs that have a negative impact on transfection. The same mechanism may be important in transfections with other polyplexes that require high charge ratios for transfection. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some novel substituted 1,2,4‐triazoles bearing 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles or pyrazoles
Authors: Kalhor Mehdi , Mobinikhaledi Akbar , Dadras Akbar , Tohidpour Maryam 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSeveral derivatives of substituted 1,2,4‐triazole bearing the pyrazole (or oxadiazole) ring were synthesized via the reaction of 2,4‐dihydro‐4‐benzyl‐5‐(isomeric pyridyl)‐3H‐1,2,4‐triazole‐3‐thione 1a, 1b, 1c with ethyl chloroacetate, hydrazine hydrate, and acetyl acetone (or CS2/KOH) in absolute ethanol. The intermediate then undergoes an intramolecular cyclization in acidic medium. The newly synthesized compounds 4a, 4b, 4c to 7a, 7b, 7c were characterized using IR, NMR, and MS Spectroscopy. Some of the synthesized compounds 4,5,7a, 7b, 7c were evaluated for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Most of these compounds indicated activity comparable to Gentamycine. Also some of them are more active than Tolnaftate, a known antifungal drug. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011)
Male reproductive apparatus and spermatophore morphology of the hermit crabs Pagurus brevidactylus and P. criniticornis (Anomura, Paguridae)
Authors: Fantucci Marina Zilio , Mantelatto Fernando Luis 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSpermatozoa of most crustacean species are nonmotile and are packed into spermatophores. In Decapoda, spermatophores are highly variable in morphology and can be useful in the solving of taxonomic and systematic questions, especially among the Anomura. In this study, the morphology and morphometry of the spermatophores of the western Atlantic hermit crabs Pagurus brevidactylus and P. criniticornis are described. The abdomen of fresh male specimens was dissected to expose the reproductive system and to extract the spermatophores, which were analyzed by stereoscopic, light, and scanning electron microscopy. The vas deferens can be divided macroscopically in three regions, all of them containing spermatophores. Tripartite spermatophores are composed of an elongated cylindrical main ampulla, a triangular accessory ampulla, a narrow cylindrical peduncle, and a round pedestal. Dimensions of the spermatophore components are positively correlated to the size of the crab. Morphological patterns observed in this study resemble those of other pagurid hermit crabs investigated to date. The morphological character distribution confirms classifications based on adult morphology and molecular analysis. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluating the core: Critical assessment of core self‐evaluations theory
Authors: Chen Gilad 
Published: June 2011

SummaryIn 1997, Judge, Locke, and Durham published the core self‐evaluations (CSE) theory proposing that a multidimensional CSE construct, composed of emotional stability, self‐esteem, locus of control, and generalized self‐efficacy, accounts for individual differences in job satisfaction as well as in other organizational behavior outcomes. In this article, I argue that, despite ample evidence in support of the predictive validity of the CSE construct, the adequacy of including emotional stability, self‐esteem, locus of control, and generalized self‐efficacy as indicators of the CSE construct may be questionable, and I review evidence that points to limited convergent and discriminant validity of the CSE construct. I conclude the article with a few recommendations for advancing CSE theory and research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of aging and degeneration on the human intervertebral disc during the diurnal cycle: A finite element study
Authors: Massey Christopher J. , van Donkelaar Corrinus C. , Vresilovic Edward , Zavaliangos Antonios , Marcolongo Michele 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA significant biochemical change that takes place in intervertebral disc degeneration is the loss of proteoglycans in the nucleus pulposus. Proteoglycans attract fluid, which works to reduce mechanical stresses in the solid matrix of the nucleus and provide a hydrostatic pressure to the annulus fibrosus, whose fibrous nature accommodates this stress. Our goals are to develop an osmo‐poroelastic finite element model to study the relationship between proteoglycan content and the stress distribution within the disc and to analyze the effects of degeneration on the disc's diurnal mechanical response. Stress in the annulus increased with degeneration from ∼0.2 to 0.4 MPa, and an increase occurred in the center of the nucleus from 1.2 to 1.6 MPa. The osmotic pressure in the central nucleus region decreased the most with degeneration, from ∼0.42 to ∼0.1 MPa in a severely dehydrated disc. A 3% decrease in diurnal fluid lost with degeneration equated to ∼21% decrease in fluid exchange, and hence a decrease in nutrients that require convection to enter the disc. We quantified the increases in internal stresses in the nucleus and annulus throughout the various stages of degeneration, suggesting that these changes lead to further remodeling of the tissue. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:122–128, 2012
Ion–polymer and ion–ion interaction in PEO‐based polymer electrolytes having complexing salt LiClO4 and/or ionic liquid, [BMIM][PF6]
Authors: Chaurasia Sujeet K. , Singh Rajendra K. , Chandra S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIon–polymer and ion–ion association in polymer electrolyte films of PEO complexed with salt LiClO4, ionic liquid (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate, BMIMPF6) and (LiClO4 + BMIMPF6) have been studied by laser Raman spectroscopy. The cations (Li+ and/or BMIM+) of the dopant salt/IL are shown to complex with the ether oxygen of the polymer backbone (i.e. COC bond of PEO). The polymer–cation complexation results in the appearance of an additional peak at ∼1131 cm−1 apart from the COC stretching vibrations of PEO at ∼1062 and 1141 cm−1. This peak due to polymer–cation complexation is relatively strong for LiClO4 than BMIMPF6, indicating stronger interaction for the former. In the PEO:LiClO4 and PEO:BMIMPF6 spectra, Raman peaks at 937 and 747 cm−1, respectively related to Li+· ClO and BMIM+· PF ‘contact ion pairs’, have also been observed as a result of ion–ion association. In the polymer electrolyte PEO:LiClO4 + BMIMPF6 which contained two different anions, viz. ClO and PF, an interesting observation of the formation of ‘cross contact ion pairs’ viz. Li+· PF and BMIM+· ClO is also reported. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigation of adhesive–dentin interfaces using Raman microspectroscopy and small angle X‐ray scattering
Authors: Bayarı Sevgi Haman , Krafft Christoph , İde Semra , Popp Jürgen , Guven Gunseli , Cehreli Zafer C. , Soylu Elif Hilal 
Published: June 2011

AbstractHuman dentin specimens were treated with two different etch‐and‐rinse adhesives, Single Bond 2 (SB2) and Prime & Bond NT (PBNT), and two composite resins, TPH and P60. Cross‐sectional samples, approximately 1 mm thick, were analyzed with Raman line mapping and imaging across the dentin–adhesive–composite interface. The integrated intensities of selected bands associated with adhesive, organic material, composite and hydroxyapatite of dentin were calculated to determine the distribution of adhesive infiltration into demineralized dentin. The results were compared with the enamel‐adhesive composite interface. The demineralized zone was smaller in the enamel‐adhesive interface than in the dentin–adhesive interface. The region of collagen‐adhesive crosslinking was wider in the PBNT adhesive than in the SB2 adhesive. However, a gap at the dentin–PBNT composite interface, which was not observed at the dentin–SB2 composite interface, might compromise the dentin–restoration bond. K‐means cluster analysis of the Raman images confirmed the findings. The ultrastructure of the dentin–resin interface was studied using scanning electron microscopy. Small‐angle X‐ray scattering was also applied to reveal and quantify fine‐scale structural features. SB2 adhesive was found to diffuse more into demineralized dentin along with greater nanosized aggregations in the hybrid layer. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of cold denaturation mechanism of β‐lactoglobulin and comparison with thermal denaturation from Raman spectroscopy investigations
Authors: Hédoux Alain , Seo Jeong‐Ah , Guinet Yannick , Paccou Laurent 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCold‐ and heat‐induced β‐lactoglobulin (BLG) transformations have been analyzed in the presence of 4 M urea, from Raman spectroscopy investigations carried out simultaneously in the low wavenumber range (10–400 cm−1) and in the amide I region (1500–1800 cm−1). These investigations show common features between the denaturation processes at low and high temperatures. The denatured states are reached via an intermediate state characterized by a soft tertiary structure without detectable conformational changes. This intermediate is intimately connected with a tetrahedral hydrogen‐bond structure of water which extends over a limited range. It is shown that the disruption of the hydrogen‐bond network of D2O has an important consequence on the solvent dynamics, which controls protein dynamics and is characterized by an anharmonic behavior. By monitoring the amide I mode, conformational changes are detected at low temperature (below 5 °C) and determined to be similar to those detected at high temperature in the presence of urea near 65 °C, and in the absence of urea near 80 °C. The conformational changes are described as a loss of α‐helix structures and a concomitant formation of β‐sheets. The temperature dependence of the amide I wavenumber in BLG dissolved in the 4 M urea aqueous solution was interpreted on the basis of a two‐state model, leading to the protein stability curve related to its molecular conformation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prognostic significance of postoperative complications after hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Okamura Yukiyasu , Takeda Shin , Fujii Tsutomu , Sugimoto Hiroyuki , Nomoto Shuji , Nakao Akimasa 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundHepatectomy is one of the best curative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The negative impact of postoperative complications on long‐term survival has been investigated in patients with several kinds of cancers. To clarify the impact of postoperative complications on long‐term survival in patients who undergo hepatectomy for HCC, we conducted a comparative analysis of 376 patients using the modified Clavien classification and identified the predictors of postoperative complications.MethodsPatients were assigned into two groups: those with (N = 177) and those without complications (N = 199). The clinical data, surgical outcome, and long‐term survival of patients were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsThe cumulative overall survival rates of the patients with complications were significantly less than those of the patients without complications (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that intraoperative blood transfusion (P = 0.04), longer operation time (P = 0.02), use of Pringle's maneuver (P < 0.01), and use of the thoraco‐abdominal approach (P = 0.01) were independent risk factors for postoperative complications.ConclusionsPostoperative complications (major or minor) are one of prognostic indicators in hepatectomy for HCC. The present study suggests that high quality surgical technique to minimize complications will improve the prognosis of HCC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:814–821. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic impact of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 expression in pathologic stage IA non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shao Wenlong , Wang Wei , Xiong Xin‐guo , Cao Christopher , Yan Tristan D. , Chen Guoqin , Chen Hanzhang , Yin Weiqiang , Liu Jun , Gu Yingying , Mo Mingcong , He Jianxing 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the present study was to assess the value of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and MMP‐9 expression and other potential prognostic factors in predicting the clinical outcome of patients after definitive surgery for pathologic stage IA non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsOne hundred and forty‐six consecutive and non‐selected patients who underwent definitive surgery for stage IA NSCLC were included in this study. Formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded specimens were stained for MMP‐2 and MMP‐9, which were statistically evaluated for their prognostic value and other clinicopathological parameters.ResultsOf the 146 patients studied, 102 (69.9%) cases were classified as having high expression for MMP‐2. A total of 89 carcinomas (61.0%) had high expression for MMP‐9. MMP‐9 expression correlated with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, pT stage, and differentiation (P = 0.005, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively). Vessel invasion, pT stage, and MMP‐9 expression maintained their independent prognostic influence on overall survival (P = 0.037, <0.001, and <0.001, respectively).ConclusionsFrom results of our relatively large database, MMP‐9 may be considered as a viable biomarker that can be used in conjunction with other prognostic factors such as vessel invasion and pT stage to predict the prognosis of patients with completely resected pathologic stage IA NSCLC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:841–846. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prognostic significance of serum miRNA‐21 expression in human non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Wang Zhao‐Xia , Bian Hai‐Bo , Wang Ji‐Rong , Cheng Zhi‐Xiang , Wang Ke‐Ming , De Wei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundDeregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) plays important roles in tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate miR‐21 expression in serum of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its correlation with prognosis of NSCLC patients.MethodsDysregulated miRNAs in NSCLC serum were identified by microarray. MiR‐21 expression in NSCLC and control serum was detected by TaqMan RT‐PCR assay. The correlation of serum miR‐21 with clinicopathological factors of NSCLC patients was analyzed. Furthermore, the prognostic significance of serum miR‐21 was analyzed by using Kaplan–Meier curves with log‐rank tests and a Cox proportional hazard model.ResultsThe level of miR‐21 expression was higher in NSCLC serum samples than in control serum samples (P < 0.01). High serum miR‐21 was significantly correlated with tumor‐node metastases stage and lymph node metastasis of NSCLC patients (P = 0.016 and 0.026, respectively). The 3‐year actuarial overall survival rates in NSCLC patients with high serum miR‐21 expression (39.8%) was significantly shorter than those with low serum miR‐21 expression (58.2%; P < 0.001). Furthermore, univariate and multivariate analyses for overall survival showed that serum miR‐21 expression was an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients (P = 0.015, RR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.78–3.26).ConclusionSerum miR‐21 expression might be useful as a prognostic marker for NSCLC patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:847–851. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Brain, the last fortress of sarcoma: Similar dismal outcome but discrepancy of timing of brain metastasis in bone and soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Chou Yi‐Sheng , Liu Chun‐Yu , Chen Wei‐Ming , Chen Tain‐Hsiung , Chen Paul Chih‐Hsueh , Wu Hung‐Ta Hondar , Shiau Cheng‐Ying , Wu Yu‐Chung , Liu Chien‐Lin , Chao Ta‐Chung , Tzeng Cheng‐Hwai , Wong Tai‐Tong , Yen Chueh‐Chuan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveBrain metastasis is a rare but dismal event in sarcomas. However, the pattern of occurrence and the prognostic factors associated with post‐brain metastasis survival (PBMS) are not yet well‐characterized.MethodsSarcoma patients treated at one institute within 10‐year period were retrospectively reviewed and those with brain metastasis were identified. The incidence of brain metastasis was demonstrated by case per person‐years and cumulative incidence curves. Univariate factors associated with PBMS were analyzed.ResultsAmong 611 sarcoma patients, 20 (3.3%) developed brain metastasis. Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) and osteosarcoma were the most common subtypes. Overall, the cumulative incidence was 3.9% at 5 years and 8.4% at 10 years. However, the incidence in STS patients continued to rise up to 10 years after primary diagnosis, whereas it reached a plateau in bone sarcoma patients at 3 years. Median PBMS was 1.67 months. Univariate factors associated with better PBMS included ASPS histology, initial surgical treatment, and brain irradiation for non‐surgically treated patients.ConclusionOur study revealed a discrepancy in the timing of occurrence of brain metastasis between STS and bone sarcoma. However, patients with brain metastasis had a poor prognosis, implicating the brain as the last fortress of sarcoma. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:765–770. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chemical correlation between Shuanghuanglian injection and its three raw herbs by LC fingerprint
Authors: Liu Lijuan , Jiang Wenhong , Zhang Lijie , Li Fang , Zhang Qingbo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractShuanghuanglian injection, a famous composite formula in China, is a combination of Flos lonicerae japonicae, Radix scutellariae and Fructus forsythiae. To develop a method to overall evaluate the correlation between the formula and its three raw herbs, the representative LC fingerprint of Shuanghuanglian injection was established from 12 batches of samples. Ten peaks were selected as the common peaks to evaluate the similarities of different samples from different manufacturers. Hierarchical clustering analysis was used as a powerful pattern recognition tool to identify and classify Shuanghuanglian injection from different factories. In addition, chemical correlation between the formula and the three raw herbs was evaluated qualitatively through comparison of their chromatograms under the same HPLC conditions. The results showed that peak 1, 2, 3 and 9 in the formula fingerprint were characteristic components of Flos lonicerae japonicae, peaks 5, 6 and 8 were that of F. forsythiae, peak 10 was that of R. scutellariae, while peak 7 was the common component of Flos lonicerae japonicae and F. forsythiae, peak 4 was addressed to F. forsythiae and it was also the product of the manufacturing procedure.