bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morphokinetic features in human embryos: Analysis by our original high‐resolution time‐lapse cinematography—Summary of the past two decades
Authors: Mio Yasuyuki , Yumoto Keitaro , Sugishima Minako , Nakaoka Minori , Shimura Toko , Tsounapi Panagiota 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe pioneering work by Dr. Payne et al. in time‐lapse cinematography for observation of the morphokinetic features of human embryos inspired us to develop a new in vitro culture system with high‐resolution time‐lapse cinematography (hR‐TLC) back in 2001.MethodsThis in vitro culture system was capable of maintaining stable culture and was constructed on an inverted microscope stage. Embryos were observed and photographed noninvasively for an extended period, up to 7 days. The obtained images were displayed at a speed of 30 frames per second and individually analyzed.ResultsUsing hR‐TLC, human fertilization and subsequent embryonic development were visualized, revealing the time course of phenomena and many unusual dynamics.ConclusionIn this review, we summarize the results of our hR‐TLC analysis of early human embryonic development over the past 20 years. In the near future, it is expected that the vast amount of information obtained by hR‐TLC will be integrated into the AI system for further analysis and to provide feedback that will have the potential to improve clinical practice. In the era of SDGs and environmental awareness, we should be cautious about the direction in which AI can be utilized to avoid any further harm to the planet.
Ge‐Doped Hematite with FeCoNi‐Bi as Cocatalyst for High‐Performing Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Wang Yueyang , Cui Shibo , Tian Zhenyu , Han Meisheng , Zhao Tianshou , Li Wenjia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHematite is a promising photoanode material for photoelectrochemical water‐splitting technology. However, the low current density associated with the low conductivity, low charge carrier mobility, and poor oxygen evolution catalytic activity is a challenging issue for the material. In this study, the challenge is addressed by introducing Germanium (Ge) doping, coupled with the use of FeCoNi‐Bi as a co‐catalyst. Ge doping not only increases the conductivity and charge carrier concentration of the hematite photoanode, but also induces nanopores, thereby expanding its electrochemical reactive surface area to facilitate the oxygen evolution reaction. In the meantime, the FeCoNi‐Bi cocatalyst electrodeposited onto the surface of Ge‐doped hematite, improves the oxygen evolution reaction performance. As a result, the obtained photoanode achieves a photocurrent density of 2.31 mA cm−2 at 1.23 VRHE, which is three times higher than that of hematite (0.72 mA cm−2). Moreover, a new analytical method is introduced to scrutinize both the positive and negative effects of Ge doping and FeCoNi‐Bi cocatalyst on the photoanode performance by decoupling the photoelectrochemical process steps. Overall, this study not only enhances the performance of hematite photoanodes but also guides their rational design and systematic assessment.
Pressure Tuning and Sn Particle Size Optimization for Enhanced Performance in PbSnF4‐Based All‐Solid‐State Fluoride Ion Batteries
Authors: Wei Chaochao , Liu Chen , Xiao Yujie , Li Yadong , Jiang Ziling , Liang Xinmiao , Cao Kecheng , Cheng Shijie , Huang Yining , Yu Chuang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAll‐solid‐state fluoride ion batteries (ASSFIBs) show remarkable potential as energy storage devices due to their low cost, superior safety, and high energy density. However, the poor ionic conductivity of F− conductor, large volume expansion, and the lack of a suitable anode inhibit their development. In this work, PbSnF4 solid electrolytes in different phases (β‐ and γ‐PbSnF4) are successfully synthesized and characterized. The ASSFIBs composed of β‐PbSnF4 electrolytes, a BiF3 cathode, and micrometer/nanometer size (µ‐/n‐) Sn anodes, exhibit substantial capacities. Compared to the μ‐Sn anode, the n‐Sn anode with nanostructure exhibits superior battery performance in the BiF3/β‐PbSnF4/Sn battery. The optimized battery delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 181.3 mAh g−1 at 8 mA g−1 and can be reversibly cycled at 40 mA g−1 with a high discharge capacity of over 100.0 mAh g−1 after 120 cycles at room temperature. Additionally, it displays high discharge capacities over 90.0 mAh g−1 with excellent cyclability over 100 cycles under ‐20 °C. Detailed characterization has confirmed that reducing Sn particle size and boosting external pressure are crucial for achieving good defluorination/fluorination behaviors in the Sn anode. These findings pave the way to designing ASSFIBs with high capacities and superior cyclability under different operating temperatures.
Pickering Emulsions Biocatalysis: Recent Developments and Emerging Trends
Authors: Sun Zhiyong , Wu Changzhu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiocatalysis within biphasic systems is gaining significant attention in the field of synthetic chemistry, primarily for its ability to solve the problem of incompatible solubilities between biocatalysts and organic compounds. By forming an emulsion from these two‐phase systems, a larger surface area is created, which greatly improves the mass transfer of substrates to the biocatalysts. Among the various types of emulsions, Pickering emulsions stand out due to their excellent stability, compatibility with biological substances, and the ease with which they can be formed and separated. This makes them ideal for reusing both the emulsifiers and the biocatalysts. This review explores the latest developments in biocatalysis using Pickering emulsions. It covers the structural features, methods of creation, innovations in flow biocatalysis, and the role of interfaces in these processes. Additionally, the challenges and future directions are discussed in combining chemical and biological catalysts within Pickering emulsion frameworks to advance synthetic methodologies.
A Wax Interface‐Enabled One‐Pot Multiplexed Nucleic Acid Testing Platform for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Viruses and Variants
Authors: Liu Jiajia , Li Nan , Zhang Li , Lu Ying , Shen Minjie , Zhang Yuanyue , Feng Li , Jing Juhui , Cheng Jing , Xu Youchun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHigh‐quality, low‐cost, and rapid detection is essential for the society to reopen the economy during the critical period of transition from Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic response to pandemic control. In addition to performing sustainable and target‐driven tracking of SARS‐CoV‐2, conducting comprehensive surveillance of variants and multiple respiratory pathogens is also critical due to the frequency of reinfections, mutation immune escape, and the growing prevalence of the cocirculation of multiple viruses. By utilizing a 0.05 cents wax interface, a Stable Interface assisted Multiplex Pathogenesis Locating Estimation in Onepot (SIMPLEone) using nested RPA and CRISPR/Cas12a enzymatic reporting system is successfully developed. This smartphone‐based SIMPLEone system achieves highly sensitive one‐pot detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants, or multiple respiratory viruses, in 40 min. A total of 89 clinical samples, 14 environmental samples, and 20 cat swab samples are analyzed by SIMPLEone, demonstrating its excellent sensitivity (3–6 copies/reaction for non‐extraction detection of swab and 100–150 copies/mL for RNA extraction‐based assay), accuracy (>97.7%), and specificity (100%). Furthermore, a high percentage (44.2%) of co‐infection cases are detected in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected patients using SIMPLEone's multiplex detection capability.
Near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy phenomic prediction can perform similarly to genomic prediction of maize agronomic traits across environments
Authors: DeSalvio Aaron J. , Adak Alper , Murray Seth C. , Jarquín Diego , Winans Noah D. , Crozier Daniel , Rooney William L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor nearly two decades, genomic prediction and selection have supported efforts to increase genetic gains in plant and animal improvement programs. However, novel phenomic strategies for predicting complex traits in maize have recently proven beneficial when integrated into across‐environment sparse genomic prediction models. One phenomic data modality is whole grain near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which records reflectance values of biological samples (e.g., maize kernels) based on chemical composition. Predictions of hybrid maize grain yield (GY) and 500‐kernel weight (KW) across 2 years (2011–2012) and two management conditions (water‐stressed and well‐watered) were conducted using combinations of reflectance data obtained from high‐throughput, F2 whole‐kernel scans and genomic data obtained from genotyping‐by‐sequencing within four different cross‐validation (CV) schemes (CV2, CV1, CV0, and CV00). When predicting the performance of untested genotypes in characterized (CV1) environments, genomic data were better than phenomic data for GY (0.689 ± 0.024—genomic vs. 0.612 ± 0.045—phenomic), but phenomic data were better than genomic data for KW (0.535 ± 0.034—genomic vs. 0.617 ± 0.145—phenomic). Multi‐kernel models (combinations of phenomic and genomic relationship matrices) did not surpass single‐kernel models for GY prediction in CV1 or CV00 (prediction of untested genotypes in uncharacterized environments); however, these models did outperform the single‐kernel models for prediction of KW in these same CVs. Lasso regression applied to the NIRS data set selected a subset of 216 NIRS bands that achieved comparable prediction abilities to the full phenomic data set of 3112 bands predicting GY and KW under CV1 and CV00.
Gravitational bound waveforms from amplitudes
Authors: Adamo Tim , Gonzo Riccardo , Ilderton Anton 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
With the aim of computing bound waveforms from scattering amplitudes, we explore gravitational two-body dynamics using the Schwinger-Dyson equations and Bethe-Salpeter recursion. We show that the tree-level scattering waveform admits a natural analytic continuation, in rapidity, to the bound waveform, which we confirm from an independent calculation, in the Post-Newtonian expansion, of the time-domain multipoles at large eccentricity. We demonstrate consistency of this scattering-to-bound map with the Damour-Deruelle prescription for orbital elements in the quasi-Keplerian parametrization (which enters into the evaluation of the multipoles) and with the analytic continuation, in the binding energy, of radiated energy and angular momentum at 3PM.
Universal predictions of Siegel modular invariant theories near the fixed points
Authors: Ding Gui-Jun , Feruglio Ferruccio , Liu Xiang-Gan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We analyze a general class of locally supersymmetric, CP and modular invariant models of lepton masses depending on two complex moduli taking values in the vicinity of a fixed point, where the theory enjoys a residual symmetry under a finite group. Like in models that depend on a single modulus, we find that all physical quantities exhibit a universal scaling with the distance from the fixed point. There is no dependence on the level of the construction, the weights of matter multiplets and their representations, with the only restriction that electroweak lepton doublets transform as irreducible triplets of the finite modular group. Also the form of the kinetic terms, which here are assumed to be neither minimal nor flavor blind, is irrelevant to the outcome. The result is remarkably simple and the whole class of examined theories gives rise to five independent patterns of neutrino mass matrices. Only in one of them, the predicted scaling agrees with the observed neutrino mass ratios and lepton mixing angles, exactly as in single modulus theories living close to τ = i.
Entanglement asymmetry in CFT and its relation to non-topological defects
Authors: Fossati Michele , Ares Filiberto , Dubail Jérôme , Calabrese Pasquale 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The entanglement asymmetry is an information based observable that quantifies the degree of symmetry breaking in a region of an extended quantum system. We investigate this measure in the ground state of one dimensional critical systems described by a CFT. Employing the correspondence between global symmetries and defects, the analysis of the entanglement asymmetry can be formulated in terms of partition functions on Riemann surfaces with multiple non-topological defect lines inserted at their branch cuts. For large subsystems, these partition functions are determined by the scaling dimension of the defects. This leads to our first main observation: at criticality, the entanglement asymmetry acquires a subleading contribution scaling as log ℓ/ℓ for large subsystem length ℓ. Then, as an illustrative example, we consider the XY spin chain, which has a critical line described by the massless Majorana fermion theory and explicitly breaks the U(1) symmetry associated with rotations about the z-axis. In this situation the corresponding defect is marginal. Leveraging conformal invariance, we relate the scaling dimension of these defects to the ground state energy of the massless Majorana fermion on a circle with equally-spaced point defects. We exploit this mapping to derive our second main result: the exact expression for the scaling dimension associated with n defects of arbitrary strengths. Our result generalizes a known formula for the n = 1 case derived in several previous works. We then use this exact scaling dimension to derive our third main result: the exact prefactor of the log ℓ/ℓ term in the asymmetry of the critical XY chain.
One-loop partition functions in $$T\overline{T }$$-deformed AdS3
Authors: He Miao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study the geometry of $$T\overline{T }$$-deformed BTZ black hole and find it can be regarded as a quotient of hyperbolic space. We then consider the massive scalar field propagating in the $$T\overline{T }$$-deformed BTZ black hole background. The one-loop partition function of scalar field is calculated using the heat kernel method and the Wilson spool proposal. These two methods give consistent result which implies the Wilson spool proposal still holds under $$T\overline{T }$$ deformation. Moreover, we also calculate the one-loop partition function of graviton in $$T\overline{T }$$-deformed BTZ black hole. We find the deformed one-loop partition functions are modified in a simple way, which corresponds to a replacement of the modular parameter. The result precisely matches the large c expansion of $$T\overline{T }$$-deformed CFT partition function. These results provide a further check about the correspondence between $$T\overline{T }$$-deformed CFT2 and AdS3 with mixed boundary condition.
CMB spectral distortions from an axion-dark photon-photon interaction
Authors: Hook Anson , Marques-Tavares Gustavo , Ristow Clayton 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The presence of a plethora of light spin 0 and spin 1 fields is motivated in a number of BSM scenarios, such as the axiverse. The study of the interactions of such light bosonic fields with the Standard Model has focused mostly on interactions involving only one such field, such as the axion (ϕ) coupling to photons, $$\phi F\widetilde{F}$$, or the kinetic mixing between photon and the dark photon, FFD. In this work, we continue the exploration of interactions involving two light BSM fields and the standard model, focusing on the mixed axion-photon-dark-photon interaction $$\phi F{\widetilde{F}}_{D}$$. If either the axion or dark photon are dark matter, we show that this interaction leads to conversion of the CMB photons into a dark sector particle, leading to a distortion in the CMB spectrum. We present the details of these unique distortion signatures and the resulting constraints on the $$\phi F{\widetilde{F}}_{D}$$ coupling. In particular, we find that for a wide range of masses, the constraints from these effect are stronger than on the more widely studied axion-photon coupling.
Modeling and FE simulation of coupled water diffusion and viscoelasticity in relaxation tests of polyamide 6
Authors: Dyck Alexander , Groß Leonhard , Keursten Johannes , Kehrer Loredana , Böhlke Thomas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolyamides can absorb or desorb water from or to their surrounding environment. The impact of this process is significant as water molecules lead locally to a swelling and a coupling of diffusion and deformation behavior. To model these phenomena, a strongly coupled chemo-mechanical (or diffuso-mechanical) model is required, considering both local water concentration and the viscoelastic material behavior of polyamide. In the present work, we derive and apply such a model to polyamide 6. A diffusion equation describing changes in water concentration is coupled to the balance of linear momentum in polyamide 6. The interaction between deformation and concentration is derived from thermodynamic considerations by introducing a free energy consisting of a mechanical and a chemical part. The mechanical part describes a linear viscoelastic model and includes chemical strains due to the presence of water molecules. The chemical part builds upon the theory of Flory and Huggins, that takes into account changes in enthalpy and entropy of mixing due to the interaction of polymer and water molecules. The coupling of deformation to water concentration arises due to a dependency of the water flux on the hydrostatic stress inside the polyamide. We successfully apply the derived model in Finite-Element simulations to predict the drying of polyamide 6 specimens without any coupling to mechanical loads. In addition, we reproduce experimentally obtained data from relaxation measurements, where the drying of polyamide specimens leads to an increase in relaxation modulus.
Magnetic resonance imaging of intracranial anomalies in pregnancies complicated by twin anemia-polycythemia sequence
Authors: Tricca Stefano , Parazzini Cecilia , Doneda Chiara , Arrigoni Filippo , Tortora Mario , Lanna Mariano , Casati Daniela , Faiola Stefano , Righini Andrea , Izzo Giana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To describe fetal brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings in a large series of monochorionic (MC) pregnancies complicated by Twin Anemia-Polycythemia Sequence (TAPS) prenatally diagnosed, so to characterize the potential intracranial complications associated with this condition, their frequency and potential treatment options.

Methods
This is a retrospective study of MC twin pregnancies complicated by TAPS and undergone fetal MRI in a single institution from 2006 to 2023.
MRI control was performed and post-natal ultrasound (US) or MRI were available.

Results
1250 MC pregnancies were evaluated in our institution. 50 pregnancies (4%) were diagnosed with TAPS, 29 underwent a fetal brain MRI.
13/29 pregnancies (44.8%) demonstrated brain findings at MRI in at least a twin. Neuroradiological findings were detected in 14/57 twins (24.6%).
We detected four main categories of findings: hemorrhagic lesions, T2-weighted white-matter hyperintensities (WMH), brain edema-swelling and venous congestion. Nineteen findings were present in the anemic and three in the polycythemic twins, with a statistically significant ratio between the two groups (p-value = 0.01).
Intrauterine MRI follow-up demonstrated the sequalae of hemorrhagic lesions. A complete regression of brain swelling, veins prominence and T2-WMHs was demonstrated after treatment. Postnatal imaging confirmed prenatal features.

Conclusions
Our work demonstrates that TAPS-related MRI anomalies consisted in edematous/hemorrhagic lesions that occur mostly in anemic rather than in polycythemic twins. Fetoscopic laser surgery could have a potential decongestant role.
Therefore, prenatal MRI may help in counselling and management in TAPS pregnancies, especially for the planning of therapy and the monitoring of its efficacy.
Efficiency of succinylated gelatin and amino acid infusions for kidney uptake reduction of radiolabeled αvβ6-integrin targeting peptides: considerations on clinical safety profiles
Authors: Stangl Stefan , Nguyen Nghia Trong , Brosch-Lenz Julia , Šimeček Jakub , Weber Wolfgang A. , Kossatz Susanne , Notni Johannes 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
68Ga-Trivehexin is an investigational PET radiopharmaceutical (NCT05799274) targeting αvβ6-integrin for PET imaging of carcinomas. 177Lu-D0301 is a structurally related therapeutic peptide tetramer. However, it showed considerable kidney uptake in rodents, impeding clinical applicability. We therefore evaluated the impact of different kidney protection strategies on the biodistribution of both agents in normal and tumor-bearing mice.

Methods
Ex-vivo biodistribution of 68Ga-Trivehexin (90 min p.i.) and 177Lu-D0301 (90 min and 24 h p.i.) was determined in healthy C57BL/6N and H2009 (human lung adenocarcinoma) xenografted CB17-SCID mice without and with co-infusion of 100 µL of solutions containing 2.5% arginine + 2.5% lysine (Arg/Lys), 4% succinylated gelatin (gelofusine, gelo), or combinations thereof. Arg/Lys was injected either i.p. 30 min before and after the radiopharmaceutical, or i.v. 2 min before the radiopharmaceutical. Gelo was administered either i.v. 2 min prior activity, or pre-mixed and injected together with the radiopharmaceutical (n = 5 per group). C57BL/6N mice were furthermore imaged by PET (90 min p.i.) and SPECT (24 h p.i.).

Results
Kidney uptake of 68Ga-Trivehexin in C57BL/6N mice was reduced by 15% (Arg/Lys i.p.), 25% (Arg/Lys i.v.), and 70% (gelo i.v.), 90 min p.i., relative to control. 177Lu-D0301 kidney uptake was reduced by 2% (Arg/Lys i.p.), 41% (Arg/Lys i.v.), 61% (gelo i.v.) and 66% (gelo + Arg/Lys i.v.) 24 h p.i., compared to control. Combination of Arg/Lys and gelo provided no substantial benefit. Gelo furthermore reduced kidney uptake of 177Lu-D0301 by 76% (90 min p.i.) and 85% (24 h p.i.) in H2009 bearing SCID mice. Since tumor uptake was not (90 min p.i.) or only slightly reduced (15%, 24 h p.i.), the tumor/kidney ratio was improved by factors of 3.3 (90 min p.i.) and 2.6 (24 h p.i.). Reduction of kidney uptake was demonstrated by SPECT, which also showed that the remaining activity was located in the cortex.

Conclusions
The kidney uptake of both investigated radiopharmaceuticals was more efficiently reduced by gelofusine (61–85%) than Arg/Lys (25–41%). Gelofusine appears particularly suitable for reducing renal uptake of αvβ6-integrin targeted 177Lu-labeled peptide multimers because its application led to approximately three times higher tumor-to-kidney ratios. Since the incidence of severe adverse events (anaphylaxis) with succinylated gelatin products (reportedly 0.0062–0.038%) is comparable to that of gadolinium-based MRI or iodinated CT contrast agents (0.008% and 0.04%, respectively), clinical use of gelofusine during radioligand therapy appears feasible if similar risk management strategies as for contrast agents are applied.