bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic role of lymphadenectomy for cervical cancer
Authors: Shah Monjri , Lewin Sharyn N. , Deutsch Israel , Burke William M. , Sun Xuming , Herzog Thomas J. , Wright Jason D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND.Despite the diagnostic value of lymphadenectomy for early‐stage cervical cancer, its therapeutic role is unknown. We examined the therapeutic potential of extensive lymphadenectomy in women with early‐stage cervical cancer.METHODS.Women with stage IA2‐IIA cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy with lymphadenectomy in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed. Patients were stratified according to the number of nodes removed. The effect of the extent of lymphadenectomy on overall and cancer‐specific survival was examined using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Separate analyses were performed for node positive and node negative patients.RESULTS.Among 5522 women, 893 (16%) had <10 nodes, 2030 (37%) had 11‐20, 1487 (27%) had 21‐30 nodes, and 1112 (20%) had >30 nodes removed. Black women, those >65 years of age and those diagnosed later in the study, were less likely to have 10 or more nodes removed (P < .05 for all). Among women with positive lymph nodes, a more extensive lymphadenectomy had no effect on survival (HR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.47‐1.22). For women with negative lymph nodes, a more extensive lymphadenectomy was associated with improved survival. Compared with node negative patients with less than 10 nodes removed, patients with 21‐30 nodes removed were 24% (HR = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.53‐1.09) less likely to die, whereas those with >30 nodes removed were 37% (HR = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43‐0.96) less likely to die from their tumors.CONCLUSIONS.Node negative, early‐stage cervical cancer patients who undergo a more extensive lymphadenectomy have an improved survival. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Cancer: More of polygenic disease and less of multiple mutations? A quantitative viewpoint
Authors: Bredberg Anders 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe focus of cancer research is on cancer‐specific mutations, with most clinical trials involving targeted drugs. Huge numbers of DNA lesions and tumor resistance events, in each of the >1013 cells of a human individual, form a striking contrast to the low, and also very narrow, cancer incidence window (10−1‐100). A detailed consideration of these quantitative observations seems to question the present paradigm, while suggesting that a systemic regulatory network mechanism is a stronger determinant for overt cancer disease, as compared with cancer‐specific gene products. If we shall ever achieve major improvements in survival, we must gain understanding of this systemic network, rather than targeting therapy to a limited set of molecules or mutations. This may give us new opportunities for development of highly potent therapeutic tools. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Promoter methylation of the RGC32 gene in nonsmall cell lung cancer
Authors: Kim Dong Sun , Lee Ji Yun , Lee Su Man , Choi Jin Eun , Cho Sukki , Park Jae Yong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Epigenetic inactivation of certain genes by aberrant promoter methylation is recognized as a crucial component in the initiation and progression of lung cancer. Response gene to complement 32 (RGC32) has been identified as a cell cycle regulator induced by activation of complements; however, its role in carcinogenesis is still controversial.METHODS:The authors examined the methylation status in the promoter region of RGC32 gene in nonsmall cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) using a methylation‐specific PCR and correlated the results with clinicopathological features.RESULTS:RGC32 methylation was found in 45 of 173 NSCLCs (26.0%) and was related to the gene expression. RGC32 methylation was more frequent in females than in males (P<0.05). RGC32 methylation was not significantly associated with the prognosis of patients; however, when the patients were categorized by TP53 mutational status, the effect of RGC32 methylation on prognosis was significantly different between those with and without TP53 mutations (P = .005 [test for homogeneity]). Specifically, RGC32 methylation was associated with significantly worse survival in the cases with wild‐type TP53, whereas it exhibited a better survival outcome in the cases with TP53 mutations.CONCLUSIONS:The current findings suggest that methylation‐associated down‐regulation of RGC32 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NSCLC, particularly in females. However, further studies with a large number of cases are needed to confirm the authors' findings. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Advanced stage mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary is both rare and highly lethal
Authors: Zaino Richard J. , Brady Mark F. , Lele Subodh M. , Michael Helen , Greer Benjamin , Bookman Michael A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Primary mucinous adenocarcinomas of the ovary are uncommon, and their biological behavior is uncertain. Retrospective studies have suggested that many mucinous carcinomas initially diagnosed as primary to the ovary have in fact metastasized from another site. A prospective randomized trial provided an opportunity to estimate the frequency of mucinous tumors, diagnostic reproducibility, and clinical outcomes.METHODS:A phase 3 trial enrolled 4000 women with stage III or IV ovarian carcinoma, treated by surgical staging and debulking, with randomization to one of five chemotherapeutic arms. Slides and pathology reports classified as primary mucinous carcinoma were reviewed independently by three pathologists. Cases were reclassified as primary or metastatic to the ovary according to two methods. Overall survival (OS) of reclassified groups was compared within the groups and with that of patients with serous carcinomas.RESULTS:Forty‐four cases were classified as mucinous adenocarcinoma upon review. Using either method, only about one third were interpreted by the three reviewers as primary mucinous carcinomas. Reproducibility of interpretations among the reviewers was high, with unanimity of opinion in 30 (68%) cases. The median survival (MS) did not differ significantly between the groups interpreted as primary or metastatic, but the OS was significantly less than that for women with serous carcinoma (14 vs 42 months, P < 0.001).CONCLUSION:Advanced stage mucinous carcinoma of the ovary is very rare and is associated with poor OS. Many mucinous adenocarcinomas that are diagnosed as primary ovarian neoplasms appear to be metastatic to the ovary. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Targeted use of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in cytospin preparations
Authors: da Cunha Santos Gilda , Ko Hyang Mi , Geddie William R. , Boerner Scott L. , Lai Shui Wun , Have Cherry , Kamel‐Reid Suzanne , Bailey Denis 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results from fine needle aspirates (FNA) of B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) were reviewed to 1) investigate the value added by using specific gene rearrangement probes to lymphoma diagnosis, prognosis, and subtyping; and 2) evaluate the prevalence of cytogenetic alterations other than specific translocations.METHODS:FISH results from assays performed on cytospin preparations from NHL FNAs over a 6‐year period (2003‐2009) were selected. Immunophenotyping, clinical data, and cytomorphologic data were reviewed according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification system. Hybridized probes, the purpose for the assay (subtyping or prognosis), and the cytogenetic abnormalities observed were retrieved from cytology reports. Data was categorized according to specific rearrangements and other chromosomal abnormalities.RESULTS:Successful results were obtained in 284 (95.3%) of 298 cases from 282 patients. Abnormalities were found in 216 (76%) cases and 68 (24%) did not show alteration. Among cases submitted for subtyping, 198 showed FISH‐positive results, and specific gene rearrangements were found in 122 (61.6%) cases as follows: follicular 82, mantle cell 21, marginal zone 3, “dual hit” 13, and Burkitt lymphoma 3. In 21 cases, abnormalities were useful for prognosis. Nonspecific alterations alone or in combination with translocations were found in 98 cases.CONCLUSIONS:FISH performed on cytospin preparations was useful for confirmation of specific subclasses of NHL and may also provide valuable prognostic information. Cytogenetic abnormalities other than specific translocations were frequently found and could provide supportive evidence for a definitive diagnosis of lymphoma in FNA. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Should adequacy criteria in cervicovaginal cytology be modified after radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hysterectomy?
Authors: Lu Chien‐Hsing , Chang Chia‐Che , Ho Esther Shih‐Chu , Chen Su‐Ju , Lin Shu‐Jiuan , Fu Tsai‐Feng , Chang Ming‐Chen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND.The general criterion of an unsatisfactory Papanicolaou (Pap) test in the 2001 version of the Bethesda system is not applicable to patients after treatment with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hysterectomy. The current study was performed to determine whether specimen adequacy criteria for Pap tests should be modified for these conditions.METHODS.Consecutive patients who underwent conventional Pap tests between March and August 2006 were reviewed. The original reports were done according to the 2001 Bethesda system, with cellularity criteria modified in patients with a history of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or hysterectomy. The slides of these patients were reviewed again. The degrees of cellularity, obscuring red blood cells, and inflammation were recorded.RESULTS.The final analyses included 7033 patients for which there were complete data. The original interpretation was unsatisfactory in 4.4% of all samples. When the 1337 slides obtained from patients with a history of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and/or hysterectomy were reviewed using the general satisfactory threshold of >8000 squamous cells/slide and <75% of the epithelium obscured, the incidence of unsatisfactory Pap tests increased from 4.3% to 13.2% (176 of 1337 slides). The odds ratios for unsatisfactory Pap tests for a history of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and age >50 years were 2.70, 2.51, and 1.39, respectively. The majority of unsatisfactory Pap tests were because of low cellularity. The lower limits of adequate cellularity after radiotherapy or chemotherapy can be set at 2000 cells/slide, which can lower the unsatisfactory rate while at the same time resulting in no increase in the false‐negative rate. Hysterectomy alone was not found to be associated with unsatisfactory Pap tests.CONCLUSIONS.In patients who received pelvic radiotherapy or chemotherapy, the incidence of low‐cellularity Pap tests was unacceptably high. A lower cellularity (estimated 2000 cell/slide) could be used as a satisfactory threshold. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Maternal touch and feed as critical regulators of behavioral and stress responses in the offspring
Authors: Walker Claire‐Dominique 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFor half a century, Seymour Levine's pioneering work on the interactions between mother and infant have helped us understand the critical early factors that shape physiology and behavior in the adult offspring. The work from my laboratory described in this review was based on many experiments by Levine and coworkers demonstrating that the quantity and quality of maternal milk and of maternal‐infant contact influence different aspects of the hypothalamus‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) activity in the neonate. We have extended this work by showing that maternal high‐fat feeding during the prenatal and lactational period blunts stress responsiveness in neonatal pups, in part mediated by increased circulating leptin levels in the offspring. The blunting of stress responses during this specific neonatal period might be beneficial to prevent the negative effects of exaggerated glucocorticoid secretion on the developing brain. In line with Levine's previous work, we found that maternal licking of the pups reduced stress responsiveness and inflammation in pups subjected to modest repeated pain during the first weeks of life and that it also blunted adult sensitivity to thermal pain. These studies have important implications for human infants as mechanisms aimed at reducing stress responsiveness can be considered protective to the developing brain from exaggerated and untimely neuroendocrine and sympathetic stimulation. Non‐invasive interventions targeted at maternal nutrition and maternal care are relatively easy to implement and might have a significant effect on the health outcome of the offspring, particularly in a vulnerable population of term and pre‐term babies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 638–650, 2010.
Smn deficiency causes neuritogenesis and neurogenesis defects in the retinal neurons of a mouse model of spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Liu Hong , Beauvais Ariane , Baker Adam N. , Tsilfidis Catherine , Kothary Rashmi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe eye is an excellent model for the study of neuronal development and pathogenesis of central nervous system disorders because of its relative ease of accessibility and the well‐characterized cellular makeup. We have used this model to study spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disease caused by deletions or mutations in the survival of motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1). We have investigated the expression pattern of mouse Smn mRNA and protein in the neural retina and the optic nerve of wild type mice. Smn protein is present in retinal ganglion cells and amacrine cells within the neural retina as well as in glial cells in the optic nerve. Histopathological analysis in phenotype stage SMA mice revealed that Smn deficiency is associated with a reduction in ganglion cell axon and glial cell number in the optic nerve, as well as compromised cellular processes and altered organization of neurofilaments in the neural retina. Whole mount preparation and retinal neuron primary culture provided further evidence of abnormal synaptogenesis and neurofilament accumulation in the neurites of Smn‐deficient retinal neurons. A subset of amacrine cells is absent, in a cell‐autonomous fashion, in the retina of SMA mice. Finally, the retinas of SMA mice have altered electroretinograms. Altogether, our study has demonstrated defects in axodendritic outgrowth and cellular composition in Smn‐depleted retinal neurons, indicating a role for Smn in neuritogenesis and neurogenesis, and providing us with an insight into pathogenesis of SMA. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 71: 153‐169, 2011
Granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor drives the in vitro differentiation of human dendritic cells that induce anergy in naïve T cells
Authors: Rossetti Maura , Gregori Silvia , Roncarolo Maria Grazia 
Published: September 2010

AbstractG‐CSF is a modulator of T‐cell and DC functions. Previous reports show that monocytes from G‐CSF‐treated (post‐G) healthy donors differentiate into tolerogenic DC in vitro in the presence of autologous serum, containing high levels of IL‐10 and IFN‐α, and in turn induce type 1 Treg (Tr1) cells. However, the direct effect of G‐CSF on DC differentiation was not investigated. Here, we show that monocytes differentiated in the presence of exogenous G‐CSF (G‐DC) remain CD14+CD1a−, but acquire a DC‐like morphology, express CD83 and CD86 and low levels of the tolerogenic markers Ig‐like transcript (ILT)4 and HLA‐G. G‐DC spontaneously produce IL‐10 and, upon stimulation, low levels of IL‐12. G‐DC display low stimulatory capacity and induce anergy in naïve T cells, but do not confer suppressive function. Therefore, in vitro differentiation of monocyte‐derived DC in the presence of G‐CSF can replicate some but not all features of post‐G DC. These findings indicate that the tolerogenic properties of G‐CSF do not exclusively reside in its direct effect on DC, which in turn induce T‐cell anergy, but also in its ability to generate a tolerogenic milieu in vivo, which is necessary for Tr1 cell induction and cannot be replicated in vitro.
Back to the Coordination Modes of the Thiosemicarbazonate Chain: New Insights from Diorganolead(IV) and Lead(II) Derivatives of Isatin‐3‐thiosemicarbazone
Authors: Casas José S. , Casanova Noelia , García‐Tasende María S. , Sánchez Agustín , Sordo José , Touceda Ángeles , Vázquez Saulo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe syntheses and characterizations of the new heteroleptic complexes [PbPh2(OAc)(N2‐L1)]·MeOH·EtOH, [PbPh2(OAc)(N3‐L2)]·H2O, [Pb(OAc)(N2‐L1)], [Pb(OAc)(N3‐L1)]·3H2O and [Pb(OAc)(N2‐L2)] {HL1 = isatin‐3‐thiosemicarbazone, HL2 = isatin‐3‐(N1‐methylthiosemicarbazone); N2‐Lx = thiosemicarbazonate bound through O,S and the hydrazinic [N(2)] nitrogen atom; N3‐Lx = thiosemicarbazonate bound through the O,S and the iminic [N(3)] nitrogen atom} are described. The single‐crystal X‐ray structures of HL2, [PbPh2(OAc)(N2‐L1)]·MeOH·EtOH, [PbPh2(OAc)(N3‐L2)]·H2O, [Pb(OAc)(N2‐L1)] and [Pb(OAc)(N3‐L1)]·3H2O have been solved. The organometallic compounds [PbPh2(OAc)(N2‐L1)]·MeOH·EtOH and [PbPh2(OAc)(N3‐L2)]·H2O have a roughly similar distorted bipyramidal pentagonal stereochemistry, with apical phenyl groups and both the O,Nx,S‐coordinated Lx– and the anisobidentate AcO– ligands in the equatorial plane. In [PbPh2(OAc)(N2‐L1)]·MeOH·EtOH, the (N2‐L1)– ligand forms a four‐ and a six‐membered chelate ring with the metal, whereas in PbPh2(OAc)(N3‐L2)]·H2O the two chelate rings formed by (N3‐L2)– are five‐membered. The PbII complexes, [Pb(OAc)(N2‐L1)] and [Pb(OAc)(N3‐L1)], which were isolated from the same solution, are linkage isomers. These compounds have a rather irregular stereochemistry that suggests the presence of a stereochemically active lone electron pair; in [Pb(OAc)(N2‐L1)] the (L1)– ligand is O,N2,S‐coordinated and in [Pb(OAc)(N3‐L1)] this ligand is O,N3,S‐coordinated. Analyses of all these systems in solution by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy showed that during synthesis the kinetically controlled O,N2,S isomer formed first due to the rigidity of the ligand. If the compound remains in solution, slow partial evolution to the O,N3,S isomer occurs. DFT calculations predict that [Pb(OAc)(N3‐L1)] is slightly more stable than [Pb(OAc)(N2‐L1)] both in the gas phase and in DMSO solution. The calculations also modelled structures for the two isomers close to those obtained by X‐ray diffraction studies.
Convergent Total Synthesis of Murisolin
Authors: Quinn Kevin J. , Islamaj Livio , Couvertier Shalise M. , Shanley Kathleen E. , Mackinson Brendan L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA convergent total synthesis of the mono(tetrahydrofuran) annonaceous acetogenin murisolin, with a longest linear sequence of nine steps, is reported. Assembly of the complete carbon framework by cross metathesis and late‐stage tetrahydrofuran formation on the intact backbone are key elements of the synthesis.
Highly Efficient Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reactions Catalyzed by a Prolinethioamide Derivative in Aqueous Media
Authors: Wang Bing , Liu Xin‐wang , Liu Ling‐yan , Chang Wei‐xing , Li Jing 
Published: September 2010

AbstractL‐Prolinethioamide derivative 1c, prepared from the readily available natural amino acids L‐proline and L‐valine, was studied for the direct asymmetric aldol reaction of acetone with various aromatic aldehydes at 0 °C or room temperature. A loading of only 0.1–0.2 mol‐% of derivative 1c was employed in this catalytic system, and excellent enantioselectivities and yields (up to 98 % yield, >99 % ee) could be achieved in aqueous media.
Capacitance Evolution of Electrochemical Capacitors with Tailored Nanoporous Electrodes in Pure and Dissolved Ionic Liquids
Authors: Mysyk R. , Ruiz V. , Raymundo‐Piñero E. , Santamaria R. , Béguin F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA homologous series of ionic liquids (IL) with 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium cations of different lengths of alkyl chain was used to study the effect of cation size on the capacitive response of two carbons with a tailored pore size distribution. The results reveal a clear ion‐sieving effect in pure ILs, while the effect is heavily mitigated for the same salts used in solution, most likely due to somewhat stronger geometrical flexibility of dissolved ions. For the electrode material showing the ion‐sieving effect in solution, the gravimetric capacitance values are higher than in pure ILs. The dissimilarity of capacitance values between pure and dissolved ILs with ion‐sieving carbons highlights their respective advantages and disadvantages in terms of energy density: whereas pure ILs can potentially provide a larger working voltage window, the corresponding dissolved salts can access smaller pores, mostly contributing to higher capacitance values.
Ag as an Alternative for Ni in Direct Hydrocarbon SOFC Anodes
Authors: Cantos‐Gómez A. , Ruiz‐Bustos R. , van Duijn J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAg has been shown to be a good metal for SOFC anode cermets using CO fuel. Here we have expanded on the work reported by testing Ag‐YSZ cermets against different hydrocarbon based fuel (H2 and CH4). This study shows that while Ag is a good current collector, it alone does not have the required catalytic activity for the direct oxidation of hydrocarbon based fuels needed to be used in SOFC anodes. As such an additional catalytic material (e.g. CeO2) needs to be present when using fuels other then CO.
Synthesis of new heterocyclic system of 4,5,7,8‐tetrahydroimidazo[1,2‐c][1,3]thiazolo [4,5‐e][1,3,2]diazaphosphinine starting from 2‐aroylamino‐3,3‐dichloroacrylonitrile
Authors: Kozachenko Alexander P. , Shablykin Oleg V. , Gakh Andrei A. , Rusanov Eduard B. , Brovarets Vladimir S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEasily accessible 2‐aroylamino‐3,3‐dichloroacrylonitriles, when treated successively with ethylenediamine, phosphorus pentasulfide, water, and methyl and benzyl halides, furnish the corresponding derivatives of 4,5,7,8‐tetrahydroimidazo[1,2‐c][1,3]thiazolo[4,5‐e][1,3,2]diazaphosphinine, a novel‐fused heterocycle. The structure of the compounds obtained is unequivocally confirmed by the spectroscopic method and X‐ray diffraction analysis. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:492–498, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20638
Facile synthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol using selenium‐catalyzed carbonylation with carbon monoxide
Authors: Mizuno Takumi , Nakai Takeo , Mihara Masatoshi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe commercial production of glycerol has increased considerably for several years, because of its rising inevitable formation as a by‐product of biodiesel. For the effective utilization of glycerol, a new synthesis of glycerol carbonate (4‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐oxo‐1,3‐dioxolane) that is used as solvents and raw material of plastics from glycerol was explored. By combined the selenium‐catalyzed carbonylation of slightly excess of glycerol with carbon monoxide and potassium carbonate under 0.1 MPa at 20°C for 4 h in DMF with the oxidation of resulting selenocarbonate salt with molecular oxygen (0.1 MPa, 20 °C) for 2 h, glycerol carbonate was obtained in good yields (83–84%). However, sodium hydride to form sodium alkoxide in situ lowered the yield of glycerol carbonate. Use of triethylamine, 1‐methylpyrrolidine, and DBU as bases gave poor results. Furthermore, styrene carbonate was obtained in excellent yield (90%) under similar reaction conditions. The catalytic synthesis of glycerol carbonate was also brought about in the mixed gas atmosphere (carbon monoxide:oxygen = 3:1, 0.1 MPa, 20°C). Glycerol carbonate and styrene carbonate were obtained in reasonable yields (197% and 119%, based on selenium used). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 21:541–545, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20640