bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is maternal parity an independent risk factor for birth defects?
Authors: Duong Hao T. , Hoyt Adrienne T. , Carmichael Suzan L. , Gilboa Suzanne M. , Canfield Mark A. , Case Amy , McNeese Melanie L. , Waller Dorothy Kim ,   and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDAlthough associations between maternal parity and birth defects have been observed previously, few studies have focused on the possibility that parity is an independent risk factor for birth defects. We investigated the relation between levels of parity and a range of birth defects, adjusting each defect group for the same covariates.METHODSWe included infants who had an estimated delivery date between 1997 and 2007 and participated in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite case‐control study. Cases included infants or fetuses belonging to 38 phenotypes of birth defects (n = 17,908), and controls included infants who were unaffected by a major birth defect (n = 7173). Odds ratios (ORs) were adjusted for 12 covariates using logistic regression.RESULTSCompared with primiparous mothers, nulliparous mothers were more likely to have infants with amniotic band sequence, hydrocephaly, esophageal atresia, hypospadias, limb reduction deficiencies, diaphragmatic hernia, omphalocele, gastroschisis, tetralogy of Fallot, and septal cardiac defects, with significant ORs (1.2 to 2.3). Compared with primiparous mothers, multiparous mothers had a significantly increased risk of omphalocele, with an OR of 1.5, but had significantly decreased risk of hypospadias and limb reduction deficiencies, with ORs of 0.77 and 0.77.CONCLUSIONSNulliparity was associated with an increased risk of specific phenotypes of birth defects. Most of the phenotypes associated with nulliparity in this study were consistent with those identified by previous studies. Research into biologic or environmental factors that are associated with nulliparity may be helpful in explaining some or all of these associations. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perinatal mortality and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a low‐income rural population of women who smoke
Authors: McElroy Jane A. , Bloom Tina , Moore Kelly , Geden Beth , Everett Kevin , Bullock Linda F. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe describe adverse pregnancy outcomes, including congenital anomalies, fetal, neonatal, and infant mortality among a Missouri population of low‐income, rural mothers who participated in two randomized smoking cessation trials. In the Baby BEEP (BB) trial, 695 rural women were recruited from 21 WIC clinics with 650 women's pregnancy outcomes known (93.5% retention rate). Following the BB trial, 298 women who had a live infant after November 2004 were recruited again into and completed the Baby Beep for Kids (BBK) trial. Simple statistics describing the population and perinatal and postneonatal mortality rates were calculated. Of the adverse pregnancy outcomes (n = 79), 29% were spontaneous abortions of less than 20 weeks' gestation, 23% were premature births, and 49% were identified birth defects. The perinatal mortality rate was 15.9 per 1000 births (BB study) compared with 8.6 per 1000 births (state of Missouri) and 8.5 per 1000 births (United States). The postneonatal infant mortality rate was 13.4 per 1000 live births (BBK) compared with 2.1 per 1000 live births (United States). The health disparity in this population of impoverished, rural, pregnant women who smoke, particularly in regard to perinatal and infant deaths, warrants attention. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fugenlose Kaimauer für den Containerterminal Beirut
Authors: Pfeiffer Uwe 
Published: March 2012

AbstractFür die Erweiterung des Containerterminals in Beirut wurde eine fugenlose, ca. 500 m lange Kaimauer als Piled Deck entworfen. Seit 2010 werden Rammarbeiten sowie das Aufspülen der Terminalfläche durchgeführt. Die für den Entwurf maßgebenden Randbedingungen sowie deren Umsetzung werden erläutert. Einen Schwerpunkt bildet dabei die fugenlose Bauweise und deren Vorteile für die Kaimauerkonstruktion.Jointless quay wall construction for the container terminal in BeirutFor the extension of the quay wall of the existing container terminal in Beirut a jointless piled deck construction with a length of 500 m was designed. In 2010, the driving of steel piles and reclamation works started. Determining boundary conditions and their implementation in the design are explained. Special attention is given to the jointless construction and resulting advantages for the quay wall system.
Entwicklungen des Hamburger Hafens heute und morgen anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen
Authors: Schüller Jan , Pröpping Karlheinz 
Published: March 2012

AbstractDer Hamburger Hafen bietet, im europäischen Maßstab gesehen, die besten Voraussetzungen für den seewärtigen Handel mit den Wachstumsregionen in Ost und Fernost. Die Hamburg Port Authority (HPA) hat die schwere Weltwirtschaftskrise als Chance genutzt, die projektierten Entwicklungsvorhaben zur Anpassung von Umschlags‐ und Verkehrsinfrastruktur rechtzeitig zu realisieren, dass die Kunden des Hamburger Hafens im kommenden Aufschwung unter optimalen Bedingungen durchstarten können.Aufgrund seiner wirtschaftlichen Bedeutung und zur Sicherung dieser stehen auf der Agenda der HPA diverse Maßnahmen, die in Summe gesehen den prognostizierten Aufschwung bewältigen sollen. Neben einer Vielzahl von Maßnahmen, welche sich dahinter verbergen, seien hier stellvertretend nur einige herausragende ingenieurtechnische Projekte genannt. Diese sollen einen kleinen Einblick in die Entwicklung des Hamburger Hafens heute und morgen geben.Selected examples of current and future developments of the port of HamburgFrom a European perspective, the port of Hamburg offers the best conditions for sea trade with the growth regions in the East and Far East. The Hamburg Port Authority (HPA) has taken the serious worldwide economic crisis as an opportunity to implement its planned developments for the adaptation of handling and transport infrastructure facilities in good time, so that customers of the port of Hamburg can benefit from ideal conditions in the future upturn.Owing to its important commercial position, and in order to secure this position, the HPA is pursuing a number of measures which are intended to cope with the projected upturn. The overall plan includes a multitude of individual measures; here we want to elaborate on just a few outstanding engineering projects. The idea is to offer a small insight into current and future developments of the port of Hamburg.
Erneuerung der Umschlagufer im Rheinhafen Bendorf
Authors: Dormann Michael , Herbort Johannes 
Published: March 2012

AbstractIm Rahmen der Erneuerung der Umschlagufer wird der Rheinhafen Bendorf zu einem modernen und leistungsfähigen Binnenhafen ausgebaut. Auf einer Länge von 430 m werden die über 80 bis 110 Jahre alten, teilweise geböschten Uferwände durch neue Stahlspundwände ersetzt, des Weiteren wird die Hafensohle vertieft. Zur Lagerung hochwertiger Güter wird eine neue ca. 12.000 m2 große hochwassersichere Betriebsfläche geschaffen. Gefahrgutliegeplätze zum Umschlag von Mineralölprodukten werden um zusätzliche Dalben erweitert.Renewal of the bank reinforcement of the Rhine‐Port BendorfIn the course of the renewal of its bank reinforcement, the Rhine port of Bendorf will be developed to a modern and efficient inland port. New sheet piling walls will be built for a length of 430 m, and the water depth in the harbour will be increased. A new storage area of 12,000 m2 will then be protected even at the highest water levels. The situation for tankers will be improved by the erection of new steel piles
Die Hafentechnische Gesellschaft e.V. (HTG)
Authors: Stielau Meike , Schüller Jan , Kaschel Guido 
Published: March 2012

AbstractDie HTG wurde vor fast 100 Jahren unter dem Namen “Hafenbautechnische Gesellschaft e.V.” als technische Vereinigung von Fachleuten des Hafen‐ und Wasserbaus gegründet. Sinn und Zweck der Gesellschaft war und ist es, Fachwissen weiterzugeben, die bisherigen technischen Kenntnisse fortzuentwickeln sowie den interdisziplinären Austausch zwischen den verschiedenen Fachgebieten zu pflegen. Die HTG stellt damit auf nationaler Ebene viele Felder dar, die die PIANC international vertritt. Heute befasst sich die HTG auf gemeinnütziger Basis mit allen wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Fragen technischer und wirtschaftlicher Natur aus den Bereichen Hafen, Schifffahrt und Logistik sowie deren Anforderung an die Verkehrsträger und den Küstenschutz.German Port Technology AssociationThe HTG was formed almost 100 years ago as a technical association of experts in port and hydraulic engineering, initially under the name “Hafenbautechnische Gesellschaft e.V.” The purpose of the association was, and still is, to disseminate expert knowledge, to develop existing technical expertise and to promote interdisciplinary exchange. The HTG is involved in many fields at a national level which, internationally, are represented by the PIANC. Today, the HTG works on a non‐profit basis and deals with all scientific and practical issues of a technical and commercial nature relating to ports, shipping and logistics as well as their respective requirements regarding transport links and coastal protection. The article provides an overview.
Analysis of the sensory innervations of the greater trochanter for improving the treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome
Authors: Genth Birthe , Von Düring Monika , Von Engelhardt Lars Victor , Ludwig Jörn , Teske Wolfram , Von Schulze‐Pellengahr Christoph 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn medical practice, greater trochanteric pain syndrome has an incidence of 5.6 per 1,000 adults per year, and affects up to 25% of patients with knee osteoarthritis and low back pain in industrialized nations. It also occurs as a complication after total hip arthroplasty. Different etiologies of the pain syndrome have been discussed, but an exact cause remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to obtain a better understanding of the sensory innervations of the greater trochanter in attempt to improve the treatment of this syndrome. Therefore, we dissected the gluteal region of seven adult and one fetal formalin fixed cadavers, and both macroscopic and microscopic examination was performed. We found a small sensory nerve supply to the periosteum and bursae of the greater trochanter. This nerve is a branch of the n. femoralis and accompanies the arteria and vena circumflexa femoris medialis and their trochanteric branches to the greater trochanter. This nerve enters the periosteum of the greater trochanter directly caudal to the tendon of the inferior gemellus muscle. This new anatomical information may be helpful in improving therapy, such as interventional denervation of the greater trochanter or anatomically guided injections with corticosteroids and local anesthetics. Clin. Anat. 25:1080–1086, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gold‐ and Silver‐Catalyzed Reactions of Propargylic Alcohols in the Presence of Protic Additives
Authors: Pennell Matthew N. , Turner Peter G. , Sheppard Tom D. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary propargylic alcohols undergo a Meyer–Schuster rearrangement to give enones at room temperature in the presence of a gold(I) catalyst and small quantities of MeOH or 4‐methoxyphenylboronic acid. The syntheses of the enone natural products isoegomaketone and daphenone were achieved using this reaction as the key step. The rearrangement of primary propargylic alcohols can readily be combined in a one‐pot procedure with the addition of a nucleophile to the resulting terminal enone, to give β‐aryl, β‐alkoxy, β‐amino or β‐sulfido ketones. Propargylic alcohols bearing an adjacent electron‐rich aryl group can also undergo silver‐catalyzed substitution of the alcohol with oxygen, nitrogen and carbon nucleophiles. This latter reaction was initially observed with a batch of gold catalyst that was probably contaminated with small quantities of silver salt.
Directed Remote Aromatic Metalations: Mechanisms and Driving Forces
Authors: Tilly David , Magolan Jakob , Mortier Jacques 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDirected remote aromatic metalations are useful synthetic transformations allowing for rapid regioselective access to elaborate highly substituted carbocyclic aromatic and heteroaromatic systems. This review unravels the tangle of data reported on directed remote aromatic metalations. Through a careful analysis of critically selected examples, advanced rationalizations of remote metalation regioselectivities are presented. These extend beyond the complex‐induced proximity effect (CIPE). Mechanisms, driving forces, and parameters influencing remote metalations are discussed. An understanding of these metalation mechanisms enables more accurate predictability of justification of regiochemical outcomes of these useful synthetic transformations.
Combining MFD and PIE for Accurate Single‐Pair Förster Resonance Energy Transfer Measurements
Authors: Kudryavtsev Volodymyr , Sikor Martin , Kalinin Stanislav , Mokranjac Dejana , Seidel Claus A. M. , Lamb Don C. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractSingle‐pair Förster resonance energy transfer (spFRET) experiments using single‐molecule burst analysis on a confocal microscope are an ideal tool to measure inter‐ and intramolecular distances and dynamics on the nanoscale. Different techniques have been developed to maximize the amount of information available in spFRET burst analysis experiments. Multiparameter fluorescence detection (MFD) is used to monitor a variety of fluorescence parameters simultaneously and pulsed interleaved excitation (PIE) employs direct excitation of the acceptor to probe its presence and photoactivity. To calculate accurate FRET efficiencies from spFRET experiments with MFD or PIE, several calibration measurements are usually required. Herein, we demonstrate that by combining MFD with PIE information regarding all calibration factors as well as an accurate determination of spFRET histograms can be performed in a single measurement. In addition, the quality of overlap of the different detection volumes as well as the detection of acceptor photophysics can be investigated with MFD‐PIE. Bursts containing acceptor photobleaching can be identified and excluded from further investigation while bursts that contain FRET dynamics are unaffected by this analysis. We have employed MFD‐PIE to accurately analyze the effects of nucleotides and substrate on the interdomain separation in DnaK, the major bacterial heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). The interdomain distance increases from 47 Å in the ATP‐bound state to 84 Å in the ADP‐bound state and slightly contracts to 77 Å when a substrate is bound. This is in contrast to what was observed for the mitochondrial member of the Hsp70s, Ssc1, supporting the notion of evolutionary specialization of Hsp70s for different cellular functions in different organisms and cell organelles.
A Simple Approach to the Design and Functionalization of Fe3O4–Au Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Reddy A. Narsi , Anjaneyulu K. , Basak Pratyay , Rao N. Madhusudhana , Manorama Sunkara V. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractChitosan‐stabilized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4–CHI NPs) are synthesized at room temperature in an aqueous medium and gold NPs are decorated on the surface of these nanoparticles by the deposition/precipitation method. The synthesis of Fe3O4/Au NPs is followed by biofunctionalization with lipoic acid and thereafter the carboxy terminated groups of the Fe3O4/Au–lipoic acid composite NPs are coupled to multidentate iminodiacetic acid (IDA) by adopting (1‐ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylamino propyl) carbodiimide and N‐hydroxysulfosuccinimide chemistry. These Fe3O4/Au–LA–IDA particles are finally allowed to complex with Cu2+ ions resulting in a net positive surface charge. Detailed physicochemical properties of the synthesized NPs have been carried out by XRD, TEM, FT‐IR, XPS, TOC, AAS, TG‐DTA, and zeta‐potential measurements. The super paramagnetic response is investigated by vibrating sample magnetometry and feasibility of these materials as an efficient MRI contrast agent (r2=(124.3±13.6) mM−1 s−1) have been also demonstrated in a phosphate‐buffered saline suspension. Finally, the Fe3O4/Au–LA–IDA–Cu2+ composite NPs are used as an immobilized metal affinity matrix to separate expressed His6‐tagged protein (>95 % purity) from bacterial lysates and also from a large excess of bovine serum albumin to demonstrate the convenience of using this matrix for rapid purification of heterologously expressed proteins from biological mixtures.
Mechanically Interlocked Molecules Assembled by π–π Recognition
Authors: Barin Gokhan , Coskun Ali , Fouda Moustafa M. G. , Stoddart J. Fraser 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe beauty and utility of interlocked architectures have been making their way relentlessly into chemistry in the form of mechanically interlocked molecules (MIMs) for almost half a century now. Few would challenge the assertion that the emergence of template‐directed synthetic protocols has aided and abetted the facile and efficient construction of MIMs compared with the statistical approaches employed while the field was still in its infancy. To date, a panoply of MIMs has been created in the wake of emerging recognition motifs and the template‐directed synthetic protocols they have forged. Among these motifs, those dependent on π–π stacking in the form of donor–acceptor interactions have played an important role in the increasingly rapid development of the field. The few integrated systems that have so far emerged based on this class of MIMs demonstrate their ability to act as active components in many potential applications. This review focuses on the progress which has been accomplished during the past decade involving MIMs comprising aromatic π–π stacking interactions. While progress has been remarkable, opportunities still abound for MIMs assembled by π–π recognition.
Cross‐Cultural Opening in German Outpatient Mental Healthcare Service: An Exploratory Study of Structural and Procedural Aspects
Authors: Mösko Mike‐Oliver , Gil‐Martinez Fernanda , Schulz Holger 
Published: February 2012

Mental healthcare services need to be sensitive towards the cultural needs of patients. Cross‐cultural opening is an organizational process to fulfil these needs. This study aims to provide representative structural and procedural data regarding the use of German outpatient mental healthcare services by allochthonous patients, the diversity of psychotherapists in outpatient mental healthcare service, the cross‐cultural encounters of therapists and the cross‐cultural sensitivity of psychotherapists working in this healthcare area.Of all public outpatient psychotherapists in Hamburg, 81% (n = 485) participated in this survey. Regarding the distribution of the population in this metropolis, allochthonous therapists were underrepresented. Unlike the overall distribution of foreign inhabitants, the largest groups of immigrant therapists came from England, German‐speaking countries and other countries within the European Union. The proportion of allochthonous patients in outpatient mental healthcare service was almost half of the proportion of the allochthonous in the general population.Psychotherapists with a migration background regarded themselves as having a higher level of cross‐cultural sensitivity than their native colleagues, especially those who have had fewer cross‐cultural encounters. Overall, psychotherapists named different challenges in providing cross‐cultural treatment. For the German outpatient mental healthcare service to be more accessible to immigrants and their descendants, a greater number of bilingual psychotherapists must gain access to the mental healthcare service, and more advanced cross‐cultural sensitivity training and supervision should be provided. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

German outpatient psychotherapists are culturally and linguistically diverse. Nevertheless, psychotherapists with a migration background are underrepresented in outpatient mental healthcare services.
Patients with a migration background are also underrepresented in the German outpatient mental healthcare system. Because mental healthcare services must be sensitive and respectful towards patients' cultural and linguistic needs, the mental healthcare outpatient service must be more accessible to therapists who speak languages other than German and English.
Psychotherapeutic treatment of patients with a migration background can be tremendously challenging because of other cultures' differing value systems.
Prospective, advanced training in cross‐cultural sensitivity and cross‐cultural supervision should be provided.
Attachment and Socio‐Emotional Skills: A Comparison of Depressed Inpatients, Institutionalized Delinquents and Control Adolescents
Authors: Delhaye Marie , Kempenaers Chantal , Stroobants Rob , Goossens Luc , Linkowski Paul 
Published: February 2012

This study compared 50 depressed inpatients, 51 institutionalized delinquents and 51 control adolescents (total n = 152) regarding attachment and associated socio‐emotional skills. All of the participants took an individual interview (i.e., anamnesis, diagnostic interview and intelligence test) and completed the attachment measure and self‐report measures of socio‐emotional skills (i.e., emotional intelligence, empathy and resilience). Results showed that controls scored higher on secure attachment, whereas both of the other groups scored higher on preoccupied attachment. Depressed adolescents had lower scores on emotional intelligence than did controls. Finally, depressed adolescents had lower scores than the other two groups on resilience. The anxious or preoccupied attachment in both clinical groups, the overall frailty of depressive adolescents and the apparent resilience of delinquent adolescents despite their cognitive limitations should inform the respective treatment plans for these groups of adolescents. Suggestions for future research into differences between depressed and delinquent adolescents are outlined. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Both depressed and delinquent adolescents show more anxious attachment.
Depressed adolescents are less resilient than delinquent adolescents.
Delinquent adolescents are less intelligent than the other two groups but well‐adjusted overall.
These differences should inform treatment plans for these two clinical groups.
Crystal growth of PZN‐PT single crystals and critical issues for higher piezoelectric coefficient
Authors: Srimathy B. , Jayavel R. , Ganesamoorthy S. , Bhaumik I. , Karnal A. K. , Natarajan V. , Varadarajan E. , Kumar J. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSingle crystals of lead zinc niobate‐lead titanate (1‐x)Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3 for x = 8% and 9% have been grown by flux method using Lead Oxide (PbO) as flux. Low scan rate XRD has been carried out to investigate on the structural influence of the compositional variations in the grown crystals. Transmission spectra in the range of UV‐Vis‐Near IR and mid IR regions have been carried out to understand the distortions caused in the BO6 octahedral lattice. Morphological aspects of as‐grown PZN‐PT crystals have also been investigated. Dielectric measurements clearly explained the dependence of Tc and diffusiveness with PT content. The values of Pr and Ecobtained from P‐E loops suggest the presence of ordered domain state in these PZN‐PT single crystals. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)