bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La production domestique dans les modèles collectifs
Authors: Rapoport Benoît , Sofer Catherine , Solaz Anne 
Published: July 2012

Nous présentons ici des résultats nouveaux dans le cadre des modèles collectifs avec production domestique. Nous montrons que les résultats d’identification de la règle de partage obtenus dans Chiappori, Fortin et Lacroix (2002), à partir d’un modèle standard d’offre de travail, peuvent être étendus à un modèle avec production domestique, ce qui permet une définition plus satisfaisante du loisir. La méthode issue du résultat théorique de l’article nécessite uniquement l’observation des temps de travail domestique et marchand des deux membres adultes du ménage. Les estimations comparatives des modèles avec et sans production domestique, réalisées à partir de données françaises (enquête INSEE « Emplois du temps »), montrent que l’on obtient des résultats un peu différents, et surtout, plus robustes, pour le modèle dans lequel le temps de travail domestique est pris en compte.
Une méta-analyse de l’évaluation économique des dommages sanitaires attribués à la pollution atmosphérique
Authors: Gastineau Pascal , Manière Dorothée , Rotillon Gilles 
Published: July 2012

La monétarisation des externalités environnementales s’est considérablement développée ces dernières années. Dans le domaine de l’évaluation des dommages sanitaires attribués à la pollution atmosphérique, diverses méthodes ont été employées. À partir de l’ensemble des résultats, il est intéressant d’essayer d’établir une relation entre valeur obtenue et méthode utilisée.
La méta-analyse s’est d’abord développée dans les sciences médicales et commence à connaître des applications en économie. Il s’agit d’une méthode utilisée pour résumer, évaluer et analyser les résultats de la littérature empirique existante qui peut se révéler un bon complément d’une revue de littérature traditionnelle. L’objectif de cet article est d’appliquer cette méthode à l’évaluation des dommages environnementaux et sanitaires attribués à la pollution atmosphérique afin de mieux comprendre l’influence des contraintes d’application et des caractéristiques d’évaluation sur les estimations obtenues.
Ouverture commerciale et migration
Authors: Bouzahzah Mohamed , Esmaeili Hamid , Ihadiyan Abid 
Published: July 2012

Cet article étudie quantitativement l’impact macroéconomique de la constitution d’une zone de libre-échange entre le Maroc et l’Union européenne, tout en soulignant les effets en matière de flux migratoires. Le cadre d’analyse est un modèle d’équilibre général calculable statique avec des hypothèses de la nouvelle théorie du commerce international : rendements d’échelle croissants et différenciation des produits. Le modèle, comportant neuf secteurs économiques marocains, analyse les effets macroéconomiques en matière d’émigration et de constitution d’une zone de libre-échange entre le Maroc et l’Europe. Les résultats montrent que, dans les conditions actuelles de compétitivité de l’économie marocaine, le libre-échange induirait une forte dépression industrielle et un déficit extérieur croissant. Il s’ensuivrait une chute de l’emploi particulièrement dans l’industrie. Par conséquent, les flux migratoires marocains se maintiendront et s’amplifieront en direction de l’Europe.
Quand la psychanalyse entre dans la traduction
Authors: Boulanger Pier-Pascale 
Published: July 2012

L’être humain est produit par le langage davantage qu’il ne le produit. Lorsque ce constat psychanalytique est posé sur le terrain de la traductologie, celle-ci est amenée à envisager des sujets habituellement considérés comme étant hors de son champ de compétence, tels que les lapsus. Dans le sillage des travaux de François Peraldi, nous montrons les affinités épistémologiques et conceptuelles de la psychanalyse et de la traduction et, plus encore, la nécessité pour la traduction d’incorporer certains vecteurs de réflexion psychanalytiques. Dans cette visée, nous relançons l’injonction que Peraldi a faite aux traducteurs et qui rejoint la poétique du traduire d’Henri Meschonnic : se mettre à l’écoute du corps de la parole et de la parole du corps dans le langage. Cette écoute doit passer par une sensibilisation du corps traduisant, par l’éveil de sa fonction érotique, qui se trouve à l’état latent.
À la recherche des biens sous tutelle
Authors: Clément Valérie , Moureau Nathalie , Vidal Marion 
Published: July 2012

La notion debiens sous tutelle(merit goods)introduite par Musgrave en 1957 définit des biens pour lesquels l’évaluation sociale ne provient pas uniquement des informations fournies par les préférences individuelles. L’utilisation d’un argument de typebiens sous tutellepour justifier l’intervention de l’État est très fréquente dans le domaine culturel, la santé, la protection de la biodiversité,etc.Pour autant, la légitimité économique de cet argument demeure controversée : qu’est-ce qui peut justifier que l’État s’érige en tuteur des préférences des individus?L’objet de cet article est de clarifier la place occupée par lesbiens sous tutelleen économie du bien-être. La première partie définit le concept et présente les problèmes qu’il pose à la théorie économique. Par la suite, nous montrons comment certaines extensions de la théorie, en particulier les avancées proposées par l’économie comportementale, contribuent à asseoir sa légitimité économique tant du point de vue des préférences individuelles que du choix social.
Écarts salariaux entre francophones et anglophones à Montréal au 19e siècle
Authors: Baker Michael , Hamilton Gillian 
Published: July 2012

Notre étude fournit une perspective historique à la question des écarts de revenus entre francophones et anglophones en retournant loin en arrière, dans le Montréal du début du 19esiècle. Nous avons mis l’accent sur le marché des apprentis. Nous avons utilisé les détails présents dans les contrats signés entre maîtres et apprentis afin d’isoler les différences de rémunération entre ethnies. Nos résultats montrent des écarts ethniques considérables dans la composition et dans le niveau de rémunération. La plupart des résultats indiquent une prime « anglophone ». Nous constatons également un déclin de la pénalité subie par les francophones, mais cette tendance prend une direction opposée vers la fin des années 1830. Finalement, notre étude montre que la plupart des écarts sont associés au groupe ethnique du maître et non à celui de l’apprenti.
Hydrogel‐Forming Microneedle Arrays for Enhanced Transdermal Drug Delivery
Authors: Donnelly Ryan F. , Singh Thakur Raghu Raj , Garland Martin J. , Migalska Katarzyna , Majithiya Rita , McCrudden Cian M. , Kole Prashant Laxman , Mahmood Tuan Mazlelaa Tuan , McCarthy Helen O. , Woolfson A. David 
Published: July 2012

AbstractUnique microneedle arrays prepared from crosslinked polymers, which contain no drug themselves, are described. They rapidly take up skin interstitial fluid upon skin insertion to form continuous, unblockable, hydrogel conduits from attached patch‐type drug reservoirs to the dermal microcirculation. Importantly, such microneedles, which can be fabricated in a wide range of patch sizes and microneedle geometries, can be easily sterilized, resist hole closure while in place, and are removed completely intact from the skin. Delivery of macromolecules is no longer limited to what can be loaded into the microneedles themselves and transdermal drug delivery is now controlled by the crosslink density of the hydrogel system rather than the stratum corneum, while electrically modulated delivery is also a unique feature. This technology has the potential to overcome the limitations of conventional microneedle designs and greatly increase the range of the type of drug that is deliverable transdermally, with ensuing benefits for industry, healthcare providers and, ultimately, patients.
A phase 1/2 trial of HQK‐1001, an oral fetal globin inducer, in sickle cell disease
Authors: Kutlar Abdullah , Ataga Kenneth , Reid Marvin , Vichinsky Elliott P. , Neumayr Lynne , Blair‐Britt Loray , Labotka Richard , Glass Jonathan , Keefer Jeffrey R. , Wargin William A. , Berenson Ronald , Perrine Susan P. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTherapeutics which reduce the pathology in sickle cell syndromes are needed, particularly noncytotoxic therapeutics. Fetal hemoglobin (HbF, α2γ2) is established as a major regulator of disease severity; increased HbF levels correlate with milder clinical courses and improved survival. Accordingly, sodium dimethylbutyrate (HQK‐1001), an orally‐bioavailable, promoter‐targeted fetal globin gene‐inducing agent, was evaluated in a randomized, blinded, dose‐ranging Phase I/II trial in 24 adult patients with HbSS or S/β thalassemia, to determine safety and tolerability of three escalating dose levels. The study therapeutic was administered once daily for two 6‐week cycles, with a two‐week interim dose holiday. Twenty‐one patients completed the study. Five patients received study drug at 10 or 20 mg/kg doses, seven patients received study drug at 30 mg/kg/dose, and 4 patients received placebo. HQK‐1001 was well‐tolerated with no unexpected drug‐related adverse events; a dose‐limiting toxicity was not identified. Plasma drug levels were sustained above targeted levels for 24 hr. Increases in HbF above baseline were observed particularly with 30 mg/kg/day doses; in five of seven treated patients, a mean absolute increase in HbF of 0.2 g/dl and a mean increase in total hemoglobin (Hgb) of 0.83 g/dl above baseline were observed, whereas no increases occurred in placebo‐treated controls. These findings of favorable PK profiles, tolerability, early rises in HbF, and total Hgb indicate that trials of longer duration appear warranted to more definitively evaluate the therapeutic potential of HQK‐1001 in sickle cell disease. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of time‐domain and frequency‐domain control schemes for shunt active filters
Authors: Sonnenschein M. , Weinhold M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe proliferation of power electronic loads with a non‐linear relationship between voltages and currents has led to increasing current and voltage distortion in distribution systems. With the development of active filters based on pulse‐width modulation (PWM) converters, an effective tool to improve voltage quality is available. In this paper the characteristics of two control algorithms for the control of shunt active filters and their practical implementation are compared. The first one is based on the so‐called Fryze‐Buchholz‐Depenbrock (FBD) method which calculates and compensates the non‐active load currents using time‐domain algorithms such that the supply network provides purely active currents. The other one identifies and compensates preselected harmonic components of the line currents using a frequency detection algorithm. This approach reduces the power rating of the compensator.
Influence of mineral content on the behaviour of electrical papers under high‐frequency partial discharges
Authors: Ciobanu R. , Pfeiffer W. , Plessow R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis work describes the use of the broadband Partial‐Discharge (PD) measurement technique to account for the influence of mineral content of electrical papers, as an alternative technique in quality assessment of cellulose materials. Appreciable differences between the evolution versus frequency of the PD and breakdown processes were emphasized, suggesting that the breakdown analysis, if used as unique method in quality assessment, proves to have limits in accuracy and results interpretation. The PD occurrence is clearly influenced by the mineral purity and an optimum value of 0.42 % ash content was appointed, as leading to the best electrical behaviour of cellulose materials in the whole frequency range. This value is less restrictive and could bring notable potential benefits for paper producers.
Influence of transmission line tower grounding impedance to the line flashover rate
Authors: Stojković Z. , Savić M. S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe paper presents a mathematical model for analysing impulse characteristics of complex grounding grids in uniform and two‐layer soil. The model is based on the grounding grid equivalent circuit with lumped parameters, described by a system of differential equations. The effect of the mutual couplings of the grounding grid elements can be comprised by the so‐formed model. The established model has been successfully checked experimentally for the square grounding grid. A grapho‐analytical approach to the evaluation of the transmission line tower impulse grounding impedance model is described. The proposed model is convenient for practical application. It is incorporated into the present lightning overvoltage computation program. The methodology of the line flashover rate estimation is illustrated at the example of 400‐kV overhead lines.
A Study of Value‐at‐Risk Based on M‐Estimators of the Conditional Heteroscedastic Models
Authors: Iqbal Farhat , Mukherjee Kanchan 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we investigate the performance of a class of M‐estimators for both symmetric and asymmetric conditional heteroscedastic models in the prediction of value‐at‐risk. The class of estimators includes the least absolute deviation (LAD), Huber's, Cauchy and B‐estimator, as well as the well‐known quasi maximum likelihood estimator (QMLE). We use a wide range of summary statistics to compare both the in‐sample and out‐of‐sample VaR estimates of three well‐known stock indices. Our empirical study suggests that in general Cauchy, Huber and B‐estimator have better performance in predicting one‐step‐ahead VaR than the commonly used QMLE. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using 137Cs and 210Pbex measurements to investigate the sediment budget of a small forested catchment in southern Italy
Authors: Porto Paolo , Walling Desmond E. , Callegari Giovanni 
Published: July 2012

AbstractConcern for the sustainability of the soil resource and for the detrimental impacts of fine sediment on downstream river systems and aquatic ecosystems has directed attention to the need for information on the suspended sediment loads of rivers. However, traditional measurement programmes focus primarily on quantifying the sediment load at a catchment outlet. Such information, although useful, may be of limited value in establishing rates of soil degradation, because much of the sediment mobilized within a catchment may be deposited before reaching the catchment outlet. Furthermore, it may also be of limited value in the design and implementation of sediment management and control programmes, because this requires an understanding of the key sources of mobilized sediment, the transport pathways involved and the importance of storage within the catchment. Information on the sediment budget of a catchment must be seen as an increasingly important requirement. However, such information is difficult to obtain using conventional traditional monitoring techniques. Fallout radionuclides, including caesium‐137 (137Cs) and unsupported or excess lead‐210 (210Pbex), have been shown to offer considerable potential for use as sediment tracers in sediment budget investigations. They are able to provide distributed information on rates of soil and sediment redistribution within the catchment, which represents a valuable complement to information on sediment output. This contribution reports the results of a study aimed at exploring the use of both 137Cs and 210Pbex measurements to establish the sediment budget for the small (1.39 km2) forested Bonis catchment, located in southern Italy. The results confirm that 137Cs and 210Pbex measurements can provide a valuable tool for quantifying both erosion and sediment redistribution within a catchment and therefore for establishing its sediment budget. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Embedding isochronous cells overland flow module into MODFLOW
Authors: Zhang Bo , Hong Mei , Zou Zuhao , Yeh Tian‐Chyi Jim , Cheng Pin 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study integrates a simple overland flow module (isochronous cells model) with the river module of MODFLOW such that temporal and spatial interactions between stream flow and groundwater can be simulated using net rainfall data of a watershed. The isochronous cells model is an efficient travel time runoff approach based on geographic information system (GIS) that considers both spatial and temporal variations of net rainfall through hill slope of the watershed. This overland module is easily coupled with MODFLOW river routing module. Specifically, the stream flow from the isochronous cells model is directly assigned to both sides of river cells of the MODFLOW model. Such an integration of MODFLOW and isochronous cells model is especially useful in watersheds where river flow data are limited. The feasibility of this integrated model was demonstrated using a case study in the middle and downstream regions of the Yitong River watershed, China. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simulated runoff responses to land use in the middle and upstream reaches of Taoerhe River basin, Northeast China, in wet, average and dry years
Authors: Li Lijuan , Jiang Dejuan , Hou Xiyong , Li Jiuyi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractStudy on runoff variations and responses can lay a foundation for flood control, water allocation and integrated river basin management. This study applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool model to simulate the effects of land use on annual and monthly runoff in the Middle and Upstream Reaches of Taoerhe River basin, Northeast China, under the wet, average and dry climate conditions through scenario analysis. The results showed that from the early 1970s to 2000, land use change with an increase in farmland (17.0%) and decreases in forest (10.6%), grassland (4.6%) and water body (3.1%) caused increases in annual and monthly runoff. This effect was more distinct in the wet season or in the wet year, suggesting that land use change from the early 1970s to 2000 may increase the flood potential in the wet season. Increases in precipitation and air temperature from the average to wet year led to annual and monthly (March and from June to December) runoff increases, while a decrease in precipitation and an increase in air temperature from the average to dry year induced decreases in annual and monthly (all months except March) runoff, and moreover, these effects were more remarkable in the wet season than those in the dry season. Due to the integrated effects of changing land use and climate conditions, the annual runoff increased (decreased) by 70.1 mm (25.2 mm) or 197.4% (71.0%) from the average to wet (dry) year. In conclusion, climate conditions, especially precipitation, played an important role in runoff variations while land use change was secondary over the study area, and furthermore, the effects of changes in land use and/or climate conditions on monthly runoff were larger in the wet season. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Social Psychology of Black–White Interracial Interactions: Implications for Culturally Competent Clinical Practice
Authors: Jordan Alexander H. , Lovett Benjamin J. , Sweeton Jennifer L. 
Published: July 2012

Social psychological research suggests that because of concerns about being perceived in stereotypical ways, people may experience negative affect and diminished attention and cognitive capacity during interracial interactions. The authors discuss this research in relation to therapy and assessment and also offer practical suggestions for ensuring culturally competent professional practice.La investigación en el campo de la psicología social sugiere que, debido a la preocupación por ser percibida de forma estereotipada, la gente puede experimentar sentimientos negativos y un nivel reducido de atención y capacidad cognitiva durante interacciones interraciales. Los autores discuten esta investigación en relación a la terapia y evaluación, y también ofrecen sugerencias prácticas para asegurar una práctica profesional culturalmente competente.
Interactive toxicity of usnic acid and lipopolysaccharides in human liver HepG2 cells
Authors: Sahu Saura C. , O'Donnell Michael W. , Sprando Robert L. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTUsnic acid (UA), a natural botanical product, is a constituent of some dietary supplements used for weight loss. It has been associated with clinical hepatotoxicity leading to liver failure in humans. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the interactive toxicity, if any, of UA with lipopolysaccarides (LPS), a potential contaminant of food, at low non‐toxic concentrations. The human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells were treated with the vehicle control and test agents, separately and in a binary mixture, for 24 h at 37 0C in 5% CO2. After the treatment period, the cells were evaluated by the traditional biochemical endpoints of toxicity in combination with the toxicogenomic endpoints that included cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial injury and changes in pathway‐focused gene expression profiles. Compared with the controls, low non‐toxic concentrations of UA and LPS separately showed no effect on the cells as determined by the biochemical endpoints. However, the simultaneous mixed exposure of the cells to their binary mixture resulted in increased cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury. The pathway‐focused gene expression analysis resulted in the altered expression of several genes out of 84 genes examined. Most altered gene expressions induced by the binary mixture of UA and LPS were different from those induced by the individual constituents. The genes affected by the mixture were not modulated by either UA or LPS. The results of the present study suggest that the interactions of low nontoxic concentrations of UA and LPS produce toxicity in HepG2 cells. Published 2012. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
Bending and abrasion fatigue of common suture materials used in arthroscopic and open orthopedic surgery
Authors: Savage Earle , Hurren Christopher J. , Slader Simon , Khan Lukman A. K. , Sutti Alessandra , Page Richard S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn orthopedic surgery, the reattachment of tendon to bone requires suture materials that have stable and durable properties to allow time for healing at the tendon–bone interface. The suture, not rigidly restrained within the anchor eyelet, is free to move during surgery and potentially after surgery with limb motion. During such movement, the suture is subjected to bending and frictional forces that can lead to fatigue‐induced failure. We investigated some common contemporary commercial number‐two‐grade suture materials and evaluated their resistance to bending abrasion fatigue and the consequent failure. Sutures were oscillated over a stainless steel wire at low frequency under load. Number of abrasion cycles to failure, changes in suture morphology, and fatigue‐failure method was recorded for each material. Suture structure had a significant effect on abrasion resistance, with braided sutures containing large numbers of fine high tenacity core filaments performing15–20 times better than other braided suture structures. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) core filaments resisted bending abrasion failure better than other core materials due to the load spreading and abrasion resistance of these filaments. Sutures with UHMWPE cores also had high resistance to tensile failure. Limited correlation was observed between tensile strength and abrasion resistance. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31:132–138, 2012