bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Targeting adenosine enhances immunotherapy in MSS colorectal cancer with EGFRvIII mutation
Authors: Sun Fei , Yao Fangzhen , Zeng Chunting , Zhao Yang , Liang Bishan , Li Shaowei , Wang Yawen , Wu Qijing , Shi Yulu , Yao Zhiqi , Wang Jiao , Jiang Yu , Gu Chunhui , Huang Qiong , Liao Wangjun , Huang Na , Wang Chunlin , Rong Xiaoxiang , Wu Jing , Tan Yujing , Peng Jianjun , Li Yong , Shi Min 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundPatients with microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) often display resistance to immunotherapy. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies have shown potential in enhancing immunotherapy, yet clinical benefits remain unfulfilled, which may relate to inadequate patient stratification.MethodsCirculating tumor cells and tumor tissues were collected from multicenter cohorts of patients with CRC receiving cetuximab to analyze EGFR variant type III (EGFRvIII) expression and immune infiltration. Syngeneic mouse models of EGFRvIII CRC were used to investigate the combined efficacy of adenosine inhibition and antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1).ResultsEGFRvIII mutations are found in about 10% of MSS CRC and are associated with poor response to cetuximab therapy. EGFRvIII-mutated patients with CRC exhibit an adenosine-mediated immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) subtype. Combination therapy with adenosine inhibitors remodels the TME, reversing cetuximab resistance and enhancing anti-PD-1 efficacy in EGFRvIII CRC.ConclusionsOur findings identified EGFRvIII-positive CRC as a distinct subtype characterized by adenosine-mediated immunosuppressive TME. Targeting adenosine significantly improved the efficacy of anti-PD-1 in MSS CRC.
Lower bounds for learning quantum states with single-copy measurements
Authors: Nayak Ashwin , Lowe Angus 
Published: February 2025

We study the problems of quantum tomography and shadow tomography using measurements performed on individual, identical copies of an unknown
d
-dimensional state. We first revisit known lower bounds [23] on quantum tomography with accuracy ϵ in trace distance, when the measurement choices are independent of previously observed outcomes, i.e., they are nonadaptive. We give a succinct proof of these results through the
χ
2
-divergence between suitable distributions. Unlike prior work, we do not require that the measurements be given by rank-one operators. This leads to stronger lower bounds when the learner uses measurements with a constant number of outcomes (e.g., two-outcome measurements). In particular, this rigorously establishes the optimality of the folklore “Pauli tomography” algorithm in terms of its sample complexity. We also derive novel bounds of
Ω
(
r
2
d
/ϵ
2
) and
Ω
(
r
2
d
2
/ϵ
2
) for learning rank
r
states using arbitrary and constant-outcome measurements, respectively, in the nonadaptive case.

In addition to the sample complexity, a resource of practical significance for learning quantum states is the number of unique measurement settings required (i.e., the number of different measurements used by an algorithm, each possibly with an arbitrary number of outcomes). Motivated by this consideration, we employ concentration of measure of
χ
2
-divergence of suitable distributions to extend our lower bounds to the case where the learner performs possibly adaptive measurements from a fixed set of exp (
O
(
d
)) possible measurements. This implies in particular that adaptivity does not give us any advantage using single-copy measurements that are efficiently implementable. We also obtain a similar bound in the case where the goal is to predict the expectation values of a given sequence of observables, a task known as shadow tomography. Finally, in the case of adaptive, single-copy measurements implementable with polynomial-size circuits, we prove that a straightforward strategy based on computing sample means of the given observables is optimal.
Seropositive Rubella and Toxoplasmosis Among Females Attending Saudi Hospital
Authors: Alhussainy Nabeel H. , Al Braikan Faten A. 
Published: February 2025

Background: Toxoplasma gondii and rubella virus are significant health concerns among women. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the prevalence of their antibodies.Objective: This study aimed to explore the prevalence of rubella and toxoplasmosis immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among females who attended different clinics in King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Method: A retrospective observational study was conducted among nonpregnant women who attended various clinics at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The study included 540 female participants who visited various clinics, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 31.92 (6.175) years and a median (interquartile range [IQR]) of 32 (8). These women were tested for rubella and toxoplasmosis IgG and immunoglobulin M (IgM) from January 2021 to June 2022. ELISA test for detecting antitoxoplasmosis and antirubella IgG and IgM antibodies was conducted using kits manufactured by Abbott, located at Max‐Planck‐Ring 2, 65,205 Wiesbaden, Germany.Results: The majority of the participants were from Saudi Arabia (78.1%). Most females (73.3%) had positive results for rubella IgG, while only 5.6% tested positive for toxoplasmosis IgG. A significantly higher percentage of positive rubella‐G antibodies was seen between those with positive toxoplasmosis IgG and those with negative toxoplasmosis IgG (93.3% vs. 76.4%, p = 0.032). Non‐Saudi females had a significantly higher rate of positive toxoplasmosis IgG than Saudi women (15.4% vs. 2.9%, p < 0.001).Conclusion: The study revealed a high prevalence of rubella antibodies and a low prevalence of toxoplasmosis antibodies among females living in Saudi Arabia, with a higher prevalence of toxoplasmosis antibodies seen among non‐Saudi females. A significant association between the prevalence of rubella and toxoplasmosis antibodies was found. Therefore, raising awareness about the risks and prevention measures of toxoplasmosis is crucial, emphasizing hygiene practices.
Green silver nanoparticle-embedded chitosan-alginate hydrogel: A novel antibacterial approach for potential wound healing
Authors: Aldakheel Fahad M , Wickramasinghe Ranil , Thamaraiselvan Chidambaram , Sayed Marwa M El , Fagir Mohammed H , Dein Dalia K El , Mohsen Dalia 
Published: February 2025

Wound dressings used in medical applications serve as a protective barrier for wounds, creating an environment that promotes wound healing. The typical traditional wound dressings often present challenges, including weak barrier function and tendency to adhere to wounds. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop advanced wound dressing with strong antibacterial properties that can prevent the spread of infection and accelerate the healing process. To develop hydrogels with antibacterial properties, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) derived from 1 mM AgNO3 using a green catalyst matcha green tea extract ( camellia sinensis) were incorporated into chitosan and alginate This was accomplished by mixing silver nitrate and green tea extract to produce the nanoparticles, which were then added to the hydrogel using crosslinkers. The synthesized nanomaterials and hydrogels were characterized using UV-VIS spectroscopy, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and SEM techniques. Their antimicrobial efficiency has been evaluated through inhibition zone assays, antibiofilm evaluation against P.aeruginosa, E. coli, S. aureus, C.albicans, and A.niger, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). It was found that, novel hydrogel, infused with AgNPs, exhibited superior water absorption and retention, ensuring a moist wound environment while effectively absorbing a substantial wound exudate. Additionally, the antimicrobial hydrogel demonstrated robust mechanical properties and potent antimicrobial activity. This study highlights the exceptional antibacterial properties of a newly developed natural polymer hydrogel incorporated with Ag nanoparticles with anti-inflammatory action. Hence, the silver-loaded hydrogel proves to be an ideal wound dressing material.
D-dimer Levels in Acute, Medically Ill, Hospitalized Patients: A Large, Prospective, Multicenter Study in the United States
Authors: Richardson Jordan S. , Clark Carol L. , Bastani Aveh , Shams Ali H. , Fermann Gregory J. , Hiestand Brian C. , Kea Bory , Mace Sharon E. , Peacock W. Frank , Yang Alex , Welker James A. 
Published: February 2025

Background The study's main aim was to determine the prevalence of elevated D-dimer levels in adult patients hospitalized for acute medical illnesses not suspected to have venous thromboembolism (VTE). The secondary aims were to determine VTE prophylaxis rates and VTE events. Methods This multicenter, prospective, observational study included patients who were admitted across nine US hospitals. Patients who were ≥60 years of age, admitted for an acute medical illness (nonsurgical/nontraumatic), and not suspected to have VTE (deep vein thrombosis [DVT]/pulmonary embolism [PE]) were enrolled. Current use of anticoagulation and recent major surgery were exclusion criteria. D-dimers were measured at hospital admission, and the analysis was performed at a central laboratory using the STA-Liatest D-Di test kit (Diagnostica Stago, Asnières sur Seine, France). The upper limit of normal (ULN) for D-dimer was defined as ≥500 ng/mL. Age-adjusted thresholds were calculated as age × 10 ng/mL. VTE events included symptomatic DVT (distal or proximal) or PE occurring during admission. Results Among 995 patients (50.7% female; mean age, 70 ± 8 years), 74.4% (n = 740) had a D-dimer ≥ ULN, 62.2% (n = 619) had elevated age-adjusted levels, and 48.8% (n = 486) had D-dimers at least two times the ULN. The rate of VTE prophylaxis was 66.5% (n = 662); in this cohort, 1.8% (n = 18) developed a VTE. Conclusion Most hospitalized acute medically ill patients ≥60 years of age had elevated D-dimer levels on admission. Although an elevated D-dimer may be associated with VTE risk, its poor specificity indicates that it should not guide prophylaxis management without a multifactor risk assessment.
Development and implementation of a home-based prehabilitation app for older patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery. A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Timmers Thomas GC , Groen Lennaert CB , Schreurs Hermien , Bruns Emma RJ 
Published: February 2025

Background Prehabilitation optimizes colorectal cancer patients’ health during the preoperative waiting period, by increasing functional capacity, reducing postoperative complications, and speeding recovery. However, challenges in implementation include patients’ willingness to attend multiple hospital visits, and hospitals needing trained personnel, facilities, and financial resources. An app-based prehabilitation program could address these issues by allowing patients to participate from home with remote support from healthcare professionals. Objective To develop and evaluate the feasibility of a digital application to offer multimodal home-based prehabilitation for older patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer Materials and Methods This single-center prospective cohort study at Northwest Clinics (Alkmaar and Den Helder, The Netherlands) included patients scheduled for elective surgery for the curative treatment of colorectal cancer. The Patient Journey App was used to deliver prehabilitation. The primary outcome was the number of patients who downloaded and activated the app. Secondary outcomes included usage information, videos viewed, questionnaires answered, and signals triggered. Results Ninety-seven patients were included in the study (age 72.1 [SD 0.8], 62.9% male). All patients used the app daily for a median of 29 days (IQR 23–28). Exercise videos were viewed most. Ninety-five patients activated daily exercise and protein shake reminders. Patients provided 1367 answers, triggering 79 signals related to smoking cessation, nutrition, and exercise. Response rates to in-app questionnaires were high, up to 90.5%. Conclusions Home-based prehabilitation via an app for older colorectal cancer surgery patients is feasible. Given the effectiveness of prehabilitation programs, the scarcity of healthcare professionals, and patients’ reluctance for frequent in-person visits, home-based prehabilitation programs via an app could become a valuable added modality for offering these programs. Trial Registration 2020.0600 (VU University Medical Center).
Resveratrol modulates phosphorylation of ERK and AKT in murine cementoblasts during in vitro orthodontic compression
Authors: Negm Shams , Wolf Michael , Craveiro Rogerio B. , Schurgers Leon , Jankowski Joachim , Schneider Rebekka K. , Rizk Marta , Coenen Franziska , Knaup Isabel , Brenji Sihem , Niederau Christian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Resveratrol is a plant polyphenol known for its anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative properties. These could be beneficial in controlling potential side effects of orthodontic treatment, such as apical root resorption. Orthodontic tooth movement occurs as part of a sterile inflammatory response. However, dysregulation of this process can result in pathologically increased osteoclast activity in the radicular vicinity, leading to unwanted root resorption. Previous studies have shown that root cementum cells can modulate recruitment of osteoclast precursors and cementum repair.

Material and methods
We investigated the effect of resveratrol on mechanically stimulated murine cementoblasts (OCCM-30) with regards to cell viability, and mRNA expression and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the modulation of central related kinases was investigated.

Results
Resveratrol increased viability of OCCM-30 in a time- and dose-dependent manner and significantly reduced upregulation of pERK and pAKT, upstream regulators of key cellular metabolic pathways. Furthermore, we describe for the first time that cementoblasts respond to compression with accelerated activation of STAT3 and increased translocation of NF-κB p65 into the nucleus.

Conclusion
This study shows a regulation of pAKT and pERK by resveratrol in OCCM-30 cells without a negative effect on cell viability. Therefore, resveratrol may have the potential to modulate the periodontal response to mechanical stimulation.
Factors contributing to chronic ankle instability in parcel delivery workers based on machine learning techniques
Authors: Hwang Ui-jae , Kwon Oh-yun , Kim Jun-hee , Gwak Gyeong-tae 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Ankle injuries in parcel delivery workers (PDWs) are most often caused by trips. Ankle sprains have high recurrence rates and are associated with chronic ankle instability (CAI). This study aimed to develop, determine, and compare the predictive performance of statistical machine learning models to classify PDWs with and without CAI using postural control, ankle range of motion, ankle joint muscle strength, and anatomical deformity variables.

Methods
244 PDWs who had worked in parcel delivery for more than 6 months were screened for eligibility. Thirteen predictors were included in the study: 12 numeric (age, body mass index, work duration, the number of balance retrials eyes-closed single-limb stance, Y-balance test, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, lunge angle, strength ratio of the evertor in plantar flexion and neutral position to the invertor, ankle dorsiflexor strength, navicular drop, and resting calcaneal stance position) and one categorical (success of the eyes-closed single-limb stance). Five machine learning algorithms, including LASSO logistic regression, Extreme Gradient boosting machine, support vector machine, Naïve Bayes machine, and random forest–were trained.

Results
The support vector machine and random forest models confirmed good predictive performance in the training and test datasets, respectively, for PDWs. For the Shapley Additive Explanations, among the five machine learning models, the variables entered into three or more models were low ankle dorsiflexion range of motion, low lunge angle, high body mass index, old age, a high number of balance retrials of the eyes-closed single-limb stance, and low strength ratio of the evertor in the neutral position to the invertor.

Conclusion
Our approach produced machine learning models to classify PDWs with and without CAI and confirmed good predictive performance in PDWs.
Limit-setting in online gambling: a comparative policy review of European approaches
Authors: Marionneau Virve , Luoma Elli , Turowski Tobias , Hayer Tobias 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Online gambling products involve a heightened risk of harm, but there are some possibilities to prevent and reduce these harms. Notably, mandatory identification in online gambling environments allows for a range of pre-commitment tools such as limit-setting. Previous research has found that limit-setting tools can be helpful, but effectiveness depends on how policies are outlined and implemented. Limits can be financial or temporal, voluntary or mandatory, and system-level or operator-based. The current paper presents a policy review of European approaches to limit-setting in online environments.

Methods
We first compared legal provisions on pre-commitment and limit-setting in N = 30 European countries (27 European Union Member States, Great Britain, Norway, and Switzerland). Data were retrieved from Vixio Gambling Compliance country reports and verified against original legal texts. The analysis focused on financial, temporal, maximum wager limits, and any other limits pertaining to online gambling. Second, based on the policy review, we produced a more in-depth analysis of limit-setting provisions in countries with system-level pre-commitment (Finland, Norway, Germany).

Results
Results show important divergence in terms of limit-setting across Europe. While almost all countries (n = 27) have some form of limit-setting, implementation details vary. Financial limits can include loss limits (n = 15 countries), deposit limits (n = 18), and wagering limits (n = 14), with the majority of countries providing several types of financial limits. Temporal limits were available in ten countries. Eleven countries had some mandatory limits, in other countries operators were expected to provide the option to set limits. Statutory maximum limits and lower limits for young adults were not common, but available in some countries. Germany was the only country with a system-level limit-setting scheme that covered multiple licensed operators.

Conclusions
Contextual variations in pre-commitment and limit-setting policies are likely to impact effectiveness in terms of preventing and reducing harm. Our review shows some promising practices, including system-level regimes, mandatory policies, reasonable maximum caps on limits and wagers, the possibility to set limits for various time periods, lower limits for young adults, and coupling limit-setting with other duty-of-care obligations. Learning from other jurisdictions can constitute good practice for future policies on pre-commitment.
A COSMIN systematic review of instruments for evaluating health-related quality of life in people with Hereditary Angioedema
Authors: Baroni Irene , Paglione Giulia , De Angeli Giada , Angolani Miriam , Callus Edward , Magon Arianna , Conte Gianluca , Terzoni Stefano , Lusignani Maura , Caruso Rosario , Zanichelli Andrea 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) adversely affects health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HAE often compromises the HRQoL due to the impact on functional capacity caused by edema, pain, other symptoms, and psychosocial factors. Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) focus on HRQoL and are crucial tools for evaluating the burden of the disease and choosing the most appropriate interventions for this population. However, no comprehensive evaluations of the characteristics of the available measurements to assess HRQoL have been conducted for this population.

Aim
To identify, analyze, and summarize the PROMs assessing HRQoL in individuals with HAE-C1-INH, addressing the gap in standardized assessment tools.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted up to December 2023 in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and CINAHL databases, following PRISMA guidelines without language or time restrictions. Psychometric properties of the identified PROMs were appraised using COSMIN standards, and evidence was synthesized using a modified GRADE approach.

Results
From seven studies, five HRQoL PROMs were identified: two generic (SF-36 and SF-36v2) and three disease-specific (HAE-QoL, HAEA-QoL, and AE-QoL). These PROMs generally lacked comprehensive content, structural and cross-cultural validation, with none meeting the criteria for measurement invariance. This limitation affects their applicability across different demographics and cultures. However, the HAE-QoL and AE-QoL instruments were recognized for having moderate quality evidence, suggesting their potential reliability and validity.

Conclusions
This systematic review provides a moderate recommendation for the use of HAE-QoL and AE-QoL in assessing HRQoL in adults with HAE. Despite identified gaps, the moderate evidence quality for these tools supports their use, pending further validation, involving younger age groups and disease-specific contents in the assessments. Developing culturally and demographically adaptable PROMs is, therefore, a priority to improve the accuracy of PROMs in this field.

Review registration number
PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023440137.
Approach to the Pediatric Patient with Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Lai Sin-ting Tiffany , Bauer Andrew J 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Thyroid nodules in pediatrics carry a higher risk for thyroid carcinoma, and the risk of malignancy in indeterminate thyroid nodules is higher when compared to adults. Despite a substantial increase in the incidence of pediatric thyroid carcinoma since the 1990s, the 30-year disease survival remains &gt;98% in pediatrics. The goal of thyroid nodule management focuses on reducing comorbidity of care while maintaining remission from disease as well as low disease-specific mortality. In 2014, the Cancer Genome Atlas introduced the concept that molecular subtypes better predict the invasive behavior of papillary thyroid carcinoma compared to pathological classification alone. Recent advancements in the understanding of the genetic landscape of pediatric thyroid carcinoma support the potential utility of incorporating somatic oncogene analysis to evaluate and manage thyroid nodules and thyroid carcinoma. In this “Approach to the Pediatric Patient”, we review the risk factors of differentiated thyroid carcinoma and present an integrative approach to evaluating and managing thyroid nodules in pediatric patients, incorporating sonographic and cytopathologic findings with somatic oncogene analysis. We illustrate the potential clinical application of knowledge on somatic oncogenic drivers to improve the pre-operative accuracy in diagnosing differentiated thyroid carcinoma and present an integrative analysis paradigm designed to individualize the surgical approach of pediatric patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Distance learning in higher education during coronavirus (covid-19) outbreak
Authors: Khalil M. , Afifi M. , El-Nahal W. 
Published: February 2025

When E-Learning is not a choice but the salvation for proceeding in education across the globe. In this paper, we spotlight on the challenges facing the higher education systems during the COVID-19 pandemic. The impact of the COVID-19 crisis on students and higher education institutes are discussed to clarify the available technological opportunities that can be used to address studentsâ€™ needs. A Case Study is presented in this work to discuss the role of the E-learning in the international pandemic outbreak.Â Â Â