bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different cardiovascular risks associated with elevated creatinine-based eGFR and cystatin C-based eGFR
Authors: Liu Mengyi , Ye Ziliang , He Panpan , Wu Qimeng , Yang Sisi , Zhang Yanjun , Zhou Chun , Zhang Yuanyuan , Hou Fan Fan , Qin Xianhui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo compare the association of elevated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on creatinine (eGFRcr) and cystatin C (eGFRcys) with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and chronic kidney diseases (CKD). 372,060 participants free of CVD and CKD in the UK Biobank were included. Participants were categorized into low, normal and high eGFR groups according to the age- and sex-specific 5th and 95th percentiles of eGFR. The primary outcome was incident CVD, defined as a combination of ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Thresholds for high eGFR varied with age and sex, ranging from 96.5 to 116.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 100.3 to 120.1 mL/min/1.73 m2 for eGFRcr and eGFRcys, respectively. During a median follow-up of 12.4 years, 39,855 (10.7%) participants developed CVD. Compared with normal eGFR levels, high eGFRcr levels were associated with a higher risk of CVD (HR, 1.19; 95% CI: 1.14–1.25), while high eGFRcys levels were associated with a lower risk of CVD (HR, 0.90; 95% CI: 0.85–0.95). Compared to normal eGFR levels, both high eGFRcr and high eGFRcys levels were related to a lower risk of CKD. Elevated eGFRcr levels were associated with a higher risk of CVD, and elevated eGFRcys levels were associated with a lower risk of CVD.
Resolved properties of a luminous hinge clump in the compact group of galaxies NGC 6845
Authors: Olave-Rojas Daniela E. , Hernandez-Jimenez José A. , Torres-Flores Sergio , Mora Marcelo D. , Firpo Veronica 
Published: May 2024

Context.Compact groups of galaxies are unique places where galaxy-galaxy interactions play a mayor role on the evolution of its members. These strong gravitational encounters can induce star formation bursts.Aims.We study the properties of one of the most luminous so-called hinge clumps that is located in the compact group of galaxies NGC 6845.Methods.Using integral field spectroscopy from GMOS/Gemini complemented with archival MUSE data, we obtained oxygen abundances, ages, star formation rates, and velocity fields, and we also modeled a single stellar population to understand the star formation history of the hinge clump in NGC 6845.Results.We found that the hinge clump sits in a tailthat has a star formation rate of 3.4M⊙yr−1, which is comparable with a few other extreme cases, for instance, the star clusters in the Antennae galaxy and other reported hinge clumps in the literature. This clump represents ∼15% of total star formation rate of NGC 6845A. Large-scale modeling of the observed velocity field of NGC 6845A rules out the scenario according to which this hinge clump was a satellite galaxy. Its kinematics is compatible with that of the galactic disk of NGC 6845A. Its abundance with a mean value of 0.4Z⊙is also consistent with the metallicity gradient of the galaxy.Conclusions.Our analysis suggest that the hinge clump is formed by multiple stellar populations and not by a single burst. This causes the wide age range. We found that the central clump is encompassed by a ring-like structure, which might suggest a second generation of star formation. In addition, the analysis of the diagnostic diagram indicates that this central region might also be ionized by shocks from stellar and supernova winds. Finally, the derived star formation rate density Σ = 9.7M⊙yr−1kpc−2of the central clump places it in starburst regime, where gas inflows should provide gas to maintain the star formation. This work shows a resolved example of an extreme localized starburst in a compact group of galaxies.
Merge and strip: Dark matter-free dwarf galaxies in clusters can be formed by galaxy mergers
Authors: Ivleva Anna , Remus Rhea-Silvia , Valenzuela Lucas M. , Dolag Klaus 
Published: May 2024

Context. Recent observations of galaxy mergers inside galaxy cluster environments, such as NGC 5291 in the vicinity of Abell 3574, report high star formation rates in the ejected tidal tails, which point towards currently developing tidal dwarf galaxies. This prompts the intriguing question whether these newly formed stellar structures could get stripped from the galaxy potential by the cluster and thus populate it with dwarf galaxies.
Aims. We verify whether environmental stripping of tidal dwarf galaxies from galaxy mergers inside galaxy cluster environments is a possible evolutionary channel to populate a galaxy cluster with low-mass and low surface brightness galaxies.
Methods. We performed three high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations of mergers between spiral galaxies in a cluster environment, implementing a stellar mass ratio of 2:1 with M200 = 9.5 × 1011 M⊙ for the more massive galaxy. Between the three different simulations, we varied the initial orbit of the infalling galaxies with respect to the cluster center.
Results. We demonstrate that cluster environments are capable of stripping tidal dwarf galaxies from the host potential independently of the infall orbit of the merging galaxy pair, without instantly destroying the tidal dwarfs. Starting to evolve separately from their progenitor, these newly formed dwarf galaxies reach total masses of Mtot ≈ 107 − 9 M⊙ within the limits of our resolution. In the three tested orbit scenarios, we find three, seven, and eight tidal dwarf galaxies per merger, respectively, which survive longer than 1 Gyr after the merger event. Exposed to ram pressure, these gas dominated dwarf galaxies exhibit high star formation rates while also losing gas to the environment. Experiencing a strong headwind due to their motion through the intracluster medium, they quickly lose momentum and start spiraling towards the cluster center, reaching distances on the order of 1 Mpc from their progenitor. About 4 Gyr after the merger event, we still find three and four intact dwarf galaxies in two of the tested scenarios, respectively. The other stripped tidal dwarf galaxies either evaporate in the hostile cluster environment due to their low initial mass, or are disrupted as soon as they reach the cluster center.
Conclusions. The dwarf production rate due to galaxy mergers is elevated when the interaction with a cluster environment is taken into account. Comparing their contribution to the observed galaxy mass function in clusters, our results indicate that ∼30% of dwarf galaxies in clusters could have been formed by stripping from galaxy mergers.
Detection of extragalactic magnetic massive stars
Authors: Hubrig S. , Schöller M. , Järvinen S. P. , Cikota A. , Abdul-Masih M. , Escorza A. , Jayaraman R. 
Published: May 2024

Context. Studies of the magnetic characteristics of massive stars have recently received significant attention because they are progenitors of highly magnetised compact objects. Stars initially more massive than about 8 M⊙ leave behind neutron stars and black holes by the end of their evolution. The merging of binary compact remnant systems produces astrophysical transients detectable by gravitational wave observatories. Studies of magnetic fields in massive stars with low metallicities are of particular interest because they provide important information on the role of magnetic fields in the star formation of the early Universe.
Aims. While several detections of massive Galactic magnetic stars have been reported in the last few decades, the impact of a low-metallicity environment on the occurrence and strength of stellar magnetic fields has not yet been explored. Because of the similarity between Of?p stars in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) and Galactic magnetic Of?p stars, which possess globally organised magnetic fields, we searched for magnetic fields in Of?p stars in the MCs. Additionally, we observed the massive contact binary Cl NGC 346 SSN7 in the Small Magellanic Cloud to test the theoretical scenario that the origin of magnetic fields involves a merger event or a common envelope evolution.
Methods. We obtained and analysed measurements of the magnetic field in four massive Of?p stars in the MCs and the binary Cl NGC 346 SSN7 using the ESO/VLT FORS2 spectrograph in spectropolarimetric mode.
Results. We detected kilogauss-scale magnetic fields in two Of?p-type stars and in the contact binary Cl NGC 346 SSN7. These results suggest that the impact of low metallicity on the occurrence and strength of magnetic fields in massive stars is low. However, because the explored stellar sample is very small, additional observations of massive stars in the MCs are necessary.
Die interdisziplinäre Behandlung von Hautkrebs
Authors: Rudolph Victoria , Leven Anna-Sophia , Eisenburger Robin , Schadendorf Dirk , Wiegand Susanne 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie interdisziplinäre Behandlung von Hautkrebs im Kopf-Halsbereich erfordert die
enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen verschiedenen Fachdisziplinen. Die häufigsten
nicht-melanozytären Tumorentitäten sind das kutane Plattenepithelkarzinom und
das Basalzellkarzinom sowie deren Vorläuferläsionen. Zu den eher selteneren
Tumoren gehört das Merkelzellkarzinom, welches ebenfalls vornehmlich an den
lichtexponierten Arealen auftritt und im Gegensatz zum Platten- und
Basalzellkarzinom häufiger eine Metastasierung aufweist. Aufgrund der geringen
Tendenz des Basalzellkarzinoms wie auch des kutanen Plattenepithelkarzinoms zur
Metastasierung, kann eine Kuration häufig durch eine Operation erreicht werden.
Überschreitet hier das Tumorwachstum entsprechende Grenzen kann eine
Zusammenarbeit zwischen Dermatologie und HNO erforderlich sein. Das primäre Ziel
dieser interdisziplinären Zusammenarbeit ist, neben dem Erreichen der
Tumorfreiheit, ein funktionell sowie kosmetisch-ästhetisch ansprechendes
Ergebnis. In Abhängigkeit von Tumorstadium und Klinik ist eine Vorstellung in
der interdisziplinären Tumorkonferenz zu empfehlen, um ein vollumfängliches und
fachlich adäquates sowie Patienten-individuelles Therapiekonzept festzulegen,
welches die Bausteine Prävention, Therapie und Nachsorge eines jeden Patienten
umfasst.
Organerhaltende Therapie als wichtigste Option in der Behandlung des Primärtumors des Peniskarzinoms
Authors: Protzel Chris , Kutschke Richard , Eckert Marie-Luise 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Die Therapie des Peniskarzinoms stellt eine relevante Herausforderung für Therapeuten wie für Patienten dar. Dabei muss der Schwerpunkt nicht nur auf operative Techniken, sondern sehr viel mehr auf Patienteninformation und gemeinsame Therapieplanung gelegt werden. Eine konsequente Aufklärung über möglichen Organerhalt und dessen Konsequenzen ist erforderlich. Nach klinischer Untersuchung und histologischer Sicherung des Befundes sollte in fast allen Fällen organerhaltendes stadienadaptiertes OP-Verfahren genutzt werden. Intraoperativ ist einer Sicherung tumorfreier Schnittränder mittels Schnellschnittuntersuchung anzustreben. Eine psychoonkologische Mitbetreuung soll allen Patienten angeboten werden.
Eine Zentralisierung der Therapie erscheint aufgrund der exzellenten Ergebnisse in
englischen wie niederländischen Zentren auch für Deutschland unbedingt wünschenswert. Bis
dahin kann in Anlehnung an die sehr guten Erfahrungen des Zweitmeinungsnetzwerks Hodentumor
die Zweitmeinungsplattform eKonsil Urologie (https://www.ekonsil.org) genutzt werden.
Die Therapie von Tumorrezidiven bzw. Zweitkarzinomen in vorbehandeltem Gebiet ist nicht mit der Primärtherapie in nicht-vorbehandeltem Gewebe gleichzusetzen – eine Übersicht
Authors: Dietz Andreas , Wiegand S. , Bläker H. , Budach W. 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungBei der Behandlung von lokalen bzw. lokoregionären Rezidiven, Zweitkarzinomen oder Residuen von Plattenepithelkarzinomen der Kopf-Hals-Region nach einer Primärtherapie ergeben sich unterschiedliche Ausgangsituationen. Bei der Mehrzahl der Patienten mit lokoregionären Rezidiven ist eine Vorbehandlung bestehend aus Operation und/oder postoperativer Radio- bzw. Radiochemotherapie oder eine primäre Radio- bzw. Radiochemotherapie erfolgt. In jedem Fall handelt es sich um ein erneutes Tumorwachstum in vorbehandeltem Gebiet, das in besonderer Weise für die Therapieentscheidung berücksichtigt werden muss. Die biologischen Hintergründe sind vielfältig und werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit näher beschrieben und klinisch eingeordnet.
One crime wave, three hypotheses: using interrupted time series to examine the unintended consequences of criminal justice reform, computer tablet recording of crime and a long-term hot spots policing programme
Authors: Chainey Spencer P. , Estévez-Soto Patricio R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAfter sustained reductions in robberies and thefts in 2016, the city of Montevideo, Uruguay, experienced a sudden increase in these crimes in late 2017. Using interrupted time series regressions, and controlling for seasonality using ARIMA models, we investigated three potential explanations for this increase: (1) the failure of a hot spots policing program to maintain crime decreases; (2) improved crime recording by police patrols using tablet computers; and (3) the change from an inquisitorial to an adversarial criminal justice procedure. We found that the hot spots policing program that began in April 2016 continued to be associated with crime reductions during 2017, that the increases observed after November 2017 were strongly associated with the new criminal justice procedure, and that tablets had a positive, albeit negligible, effect. The findings illustrate that criminal justice reforms, desirable as such reforms may be, can have unintended consequences on crime levels.
Internationalization of Higher Education and Emerging National Rationales: Comparative Analysis of the Global North and South
Authors: Kapfudzaruwa Farai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a comparative analysis of national rationales to higher education internationalization in the global north and south countries using content analysis. The results reveal that the socio-economic rationales are dominant across most of the 27 sampled countries. However, they manifest differently across the global north and global south as countries interpret the benefits and effects of internationalization in line with their national priorities. These variations are being shaped by an increasingly complex, competitive, and multipolar higher education internationalization landscape with new global south actors acquiring agency despite the deepening global inequalities. As a result, political rationales are becoming an important driver to internationalization. The current geopolitical environment associated with global conflicts, health pandemics, and increased nationalistic, anti-immigrant, and anti-globalization sentiments is also adding more uncertainty and complexity. Due to increased concerns about this multipolar and self-centred internationalization, a few countries are starting to promote inclusive approaches to internationalization.
Web 2.0 technologies and translator training: assessing trainees’ use of instant messaging as a collaborative tool in accomplishing translation tasks
Authors: Tekwa Kizito , Su Wenchao , Li Defeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWeb 2.0 technologies have had a significant impact on collaborative communication practices in teaching, learning, and professional work environments. In translation studies, computer-supported collaborative translation tasks have mainly been discussed within the project-based learning framework, where research has foregrounded correlations between collaboration and performance. However, trainees’ specific uses of collaborative tools, including transcripts of real-time exchanges, have neither been sufficiently investigated nor informed pedagogical strategies and approaches in any tangible way. This study bridges this gap by evaluating trainees’ collaborative practices while they translated a text, localized a restaurant menu, and simulated the design and launch of a language service agency. Data was gathered from a questionnaire, in-class presentations, and real-time instant messaging (IM) transcripts. Data analysis of the real-time IM exchanges unveiled considerable trainee communicative practices during collaborative tasks. Furthermore, correlations were established between the volume of instant messages, time of exchange, role played by trainees, and conversation themes with the teams’ final assessment performances. This study provided valuable insights into the effectiveness of IM as a collaborative tool in training environments. It also informed our suggested guidelines for properly integrating IM into the translator training curriculum.
Inequality in relational wealth within the upper societal segment: evidence from prehistoric Central Europe
Authors: Marzian Johannes , Laabs Julian , Müller Johannes , Requate Tilman 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile our understanding of long-term trends in material wealth inequality in prehistoric societies has expanded in recent decades, we know little about long-term trends in other dimensions of wealth and about social developments within particular societal segments. This paper provides the first evidence of inequality in relational wealth within the upper societal segment of a supra-regional network of communities in prehistoric Central Europe over the first four millennia BCE. To this end, we compiled a novel dataset of 5000 single-funeral burial mounds and employed burial mound volume as a proxy for the buried individual’s relational wealth. Our analysis reveals a consistently high level of inequality among the buried individuals, showing a wave-like pattern with an increasing trend over time. Additionally, our findings show temporal shifts in the size of the upper societal segment. Based on a review of archeological and paleo-environmental evidence, the temporal change in inequality may be explained by technological progress, climate and population dynamics, trade and social networks, and/or sociopolitical transformations.
Light-speed, contemporary war, and Australia’s national defence strategic review
Authors: Brimblecombe-Fox Kathryn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn our hyperconnected contemporary world, military and civilian digital and cyber technologies rely upon uncontested and uncongested access to frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum (EMS). This reliance enables light-speed signalic connectivity, interconnectivity, operability, and interoperability of the systems and devices that perpetuate twenty-first century modes of information, remote, hybrid, and digital warfare. Informed by cultural theorist Paul Virilio’s commentaries on speed, light-speed, and war, this article examines speed as an inflection that insidiously underpins the Australian Government’s 2023 National Defence: Defence Strategy Review (DSR) (public version). This is not an exhaustive study of light-speed or the DSR. Rather, this article aims to show how speed and light-speed, used as investigatory lenses, can provide critical insights into relationships between contemporary technology, and war. To this end, the article refers to US and UK defence and government electromagnetic spectrum policy statements, interpolating them into motivations for AUKUS, and the DSR’s positioning.
Suppression of spacetime singularities in quantum gravity
Authors: Borissova Johanna N 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe investigate the requirement of suppressing spacetime geometries with a curvature singularity via destructive interference in the Lorentzian gravitational path integral as a constraint on the microscopic action for gravity. Based on simple examples of static spherically symmetric spacetimes, we demonstrate that complete singularity suppression in the path integral stipulates that the action for gravity be of infinite order in the curvature.
Correlation between lifetime model of BOPP film and rise rate under nanosecond pulse voltage
Authors: Mi Yan , Chen Yong , Liu Canhui , Liu Wentao , Peng Yiqin , Liao Ruijin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to study the effect of rise rate (dV/dt) on the cumulative breakdown characteristics of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film under nanosecond pulse voltage. The lifetime (N
L) of BOPP film under nanosecond pulse voltage with different pulse voltage amplitude and dV/dt were carried out, respectively. It is found that the N
L decreases with the increase of the pulse voltage amplitude, and the N
L decreases with the increase of the dV/dt. Meanwhile, the quantitative mathematical relationship between N
L and dV/dt, and pulse voltage amplitude are established, respectively, and it is concluded that both the rise rate and pulse voltage amplitude on the lifetime of BOPP film by the inverse power model. The results of the study are expected to provide the experimental basis and mechanistic explanation for the evaluation of film capacitor lifetime under extreme conditions.
A bifunctional metamaterial with broadband properties of absorption and linear-to-linear polarization conversion
Authors: Zhou Yafen , Yu Tieliang , Shen Zhaoyang , Liu Xinqiong , Zhang Qinghe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper proposes, measures, and investigates a bifunctional metamaterial capable of achieving absorption and reflective linear-to-linear polarization conversion simultaneously, which both exhibit the characteristics of broadband. The unit cell consists of a metal pattern with resistors, a dielectric plate, an air layer, and a metal backplate. The simulation results demonstrate that the designed metamaterial acquires over 90% absorption in the microwave band of 6.5–9.3 GHz. Within the frequency range of 12.7 GHz–17.2 GHz, the polarization conversion rate exceeds 90%, effectively converting y-polarized incident waves into x-polarized reflected waves. The experimental results align with the simulation data. The surface current and electric field distributions are utilized to analyze the absorption and polarization conversion phenomena. This bifunctional metamaterial exhibits potential application in radar imaging, enhancing data transmission rates, and wireless communication.
Asymmetric magnetoimpedance in exchange-biased systems
Authors: Gazola J P , Santos M S , de Andrade A M H , Harres A , da Silva R B , Rigue J N , Carara M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Magnetic systems with competing anisotropies generally exhibit asymmetry between the maximum amplitudes of the right and left maxima in a magnetoimpedance curve. Small errors in positioning the samples at the experimental setup may also produce such asymmetry. In this work, we present a study on the sources of the asymmetry between magnetoimpedance peaks in systems that present the exchange bias phenomenon, by comparing a phenomenological model to experimental data. A set of samples with different repetitions of the NiFe/FeMn exchange-biased bilayer was used in this study. From the frequency evolution of the asymmetry, together with magnetization curves, we were able to identify the sources for the observed magnetoimpedance asymmetry found on our experimental data.