bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantum oscillations in YBa
2
Cu
3
O
6+δ
from period-8
d
-density wave order
Authors: Eun Jonghyoun , Wang Zhiqiang , Chakravarty Sudip 
Published: July 2012

We consider quantum oscillation experiments in YBa
2
Cu
3
O
6+δ
from the perspective of Fermi surface reconstruction using an exact transfer matrix method and the Pichard–Landauer formula for the conductivity. The specific density wave order responsible for reconstruction is a period-8
d
-density wave in which the current density is unidirectionally modulated, which is also naturally accompanied by a period-4 charge order, consistent with recent nuclear magnetic resonance experiments. This scenario leads to a natural explanation as to why only oscillations from a single electron pocket of a frequency of about 500 T is observed, and a hole pocket of roughly twice the frequency as dictated by the twofold commensurate order and the Luttinger sum rule is not observed. In contrast period-8
d
-density wave leads to a hole pocket of roughly half the frequency of the electron pocket. The observation of this slower frequency will require higher, but not unrealistic, magnetic fields than those commonly employed. There is already some suggestion of the slower frequency in a measurement in fields as high as 85 T.
EuGene: maximizing synthetic gene design for heterologous expression
Authors: Gaspar Paulo , Oliveira José Luís , Frommlet Jörg , Santos Manuel A.S. , Moura Gabriela 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
Summary: Numerous software applications exist to deal with synthetic gene design, granting the field of heterologous expression a significant support. However, their dispersion requires the access to different tools and online services in order to complete one single project. Analyzing codon usage, calculating codon adaptation index (CAI), aligning orthologs and optimizing genes are just a few examples. A software application, EuGene, was developed for the optimization of multiple gene synthetic design algorithms. In a seamless automatic form, EuGene calculates or retrieves genome data on codon usage (relative synonymous codon usage and CAI), codon context (CPS and codon pair bias), GC content, hidden stop codons, repetitions, deleterious sites, protein primary, secondary and tertiary structures, gene orthologs, species housekeeping genes, performs alignments and identifies genes and genomes. The main function of EuGene is analyzing and redesigning gene sequences using multi-objective optimization techniques that maximize the coding features of the resulting sequence.
Availability: EuGene is freely available for non-commercial use, at http://bioinformatics.ua.pt/eugene
Contact: paulogaspar@ua.pt
Relationship between waist circumference and supine abdominal height measured at different anatomical sites and cardiometabolic risk factors in older women
Authors: de Almeida Paula H. A. , de Cássia Lanes Ribeiro R. , de Lima Rosado L. E. F. P. , Abranches M. V. , do Carmo Castro Franceschini S. 
Published: July 2012

How to cite this article
de Almeida Paula H.A., de Cássia Lanes Ribeiro R., de Lima Rosado L.E.F.P., Abranches M.V. & do Carmo Castro Franceschini S. (2012) Relationship between waist circumference and supine abdominal height measured at different anatomical sites and cardiometabolic risk factors in older women. J Hum Nutr Diet.AbstractObjectives:  To measure waist circumference (WC) and supine abdominal height (SAH) at different anatomic sites and to assess the relationship with cardiometabolic risk factors in women aged >60 years.Methods:  The present study included 113 women from Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The evaluations comprised anthropometric, biochemical and haemodynamic measurements. Different anatomical sites were used to measure WC: (i) the midpoint between the last rib and iliac crest; (ii) umbilical level; (iii) immediately above the iliac crests; and (iv) the narrowest point between the last rib and the iliac crest. Measurements were also taken at different anatomic sites for SAH: (i) the midpoint between the iliac crests; (ii) umbilical level; (iii) higher abdominal diameter; and (iv) the narrowest point between the last rib and the iliac crest.Results:  It was found that 35.4% of women were overweight, and the area (SE) body mass index was 25.8 (4.2) kg/m2. WC at the umbilical level [area (SE) area under the curve (AUC) = 0.694 (0.079)] and SAH at the midpoint between the iliac crests [AUC = 0.747 (0.076)] showed the largest areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (P < 0.05) with respect to the identification of cardiometabolic risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome (MS) where, of the two measures, SAH showed the greatest predictive potential.Conclusions:  The results obtained in the present study suggest that, for the assessment of older women, the umbilical level and the midpoint between the iliac crests should used to measure WC and SAH, respectively. SAH showed the greatest predictive power for cardiometabolic risk factors associated with the MS in older women.
Increased Expression of Transthyretin in Leptin‐Deficient ob/ob Mice is not Causative for Their Major Phenotypic Abnormalities
Authors: Rendenbach C. , Ganswindt S. , Seitz S. , Barvencik F. , Huebner A. K. , Baranowsky A. , Streichert T. , Niemeier A. , Heeren J. , Amling M. , Bartelt A. , Schinke T. 
Published: July 2012

The hormone leptin is a critical regulator of adipogenesis and energy metabolism. Similarly, leptin‐deficient ob/ob mice display various metabolic abnormalities, including not only obesity and insulin resistance, but also hypogonadism and high bone mass. By genome‐wide expression analysis using hypothalamus RNA from wild‐type and ob/ob mice, we observed the increased expression of the gene for transthyretin (Ttr) in the latter, as confirmed by quantitative real‐time‐polymerase chain reaction. Because Ttr encodes a carrier protein for retinol transport, and because we further found increased retinol levels in the serum of ob/ob mice, we investigated whether the additional absence of Ttr would influence the ob/ob phenotype. It was found that Ttr‐deficient ob/ob mice were indistinguishable from ob/ob littermates in terms of body weight, as well as serum glucose, insulin and cholesterol levels. Although all of these parameters were identical to wild‐type controls in Ttr‐deficient mice, we found that the sole deletion of Ttr caused a significant increase of trabecular bone mass, bone marrow adiposity and mean adipocyte area in white adipose tissue. Interestingly, all these latter parameters were highest in Ttr‐deficient ob/ob mice, and only in these mice did we observe a full penetrance of liver steatosis at 24 weeks of age. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the increased expression of Ttr in ob/ob mice does not cause (but rather attenuates) their phenotypic abnormalities.
Novel, panzootic and hybrid genotypes of amphibian chytridiomycosis associated with the bullfrog trade
Authors: SCHLOEGEL LISA M. , TOLEDO LUÍS FELIPE , LONGCORE JOYCE E. , GREENSPAN SASHA E. , VIEIRA CONRADO AUGUSTO , LEE MARIA , ZHAO SERENA , WANGEN CATHERINE , FERREIRA CLAUDIA MARIS , HIPOLITO MÁRCIO , DAVIES ANGELA J. , CUOMO CHRISTINA A. , DASZAK PETER , JAMES TIMOTHY Y. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractGlobal amphibian declines are linked with the presence of specific, highly virulent genotypes of the emerging fungal disease chytridiomycosis caused byBatrachochytrium dendrobatidis(Bd) known as the global panzootic lineage (Bd‐GPL). The global trade in amphibians for human consumption is suspected to have facilitated emergence of the disease, but evidence to support this is largely lacking. Here, we investigated the role theLithobates catesbeianus(North American bullfrog) trade in spreadingBdgenotypes by comparing strains associated withL. catesbeianusto a global panel using 36 sequenced loci from multiple chromosomal regions. Most bullfrogs were infected withBd‐GPL genotypes, but we also detected novel, highly divergentBdgenotypes (Bd‐Brazil) from a live bullfrog in a US market and from native Brazilian anurans in the Atlantic Forest where bullfrogs are widely farmed. Sexual reproduction was also detected for the first time inBdin the form of a hybrid genotype between theBd‐GPL andBd‐Brazil lineages in the Atlantic Forest. Despite the demonstration that ribosomal RNA types inBdfail to undergo concerted evolution (over 20 sequence types may be found in a single strain), theBd‐GPL andBd‐Brazil lineages form largely separate clusters of related internal transcribed spacer (ITS) RNA sequences. Using ITS sequences, we then demonstrate the presence ofBd‐Brazil in Japan, primarily on invasiveL. catesbeianus. The finding thatBdis capable of sexual reproduction between panzootic and endemic genotypes emphasizes the risk of international wildlife trade as a source of additionalBdepizootics owing to hybridization.
Indication for endoscopic treatment of ulcerative early gastric cancer according to depth of ulcer and morphological change
Authors: Lee Jae Ik , Kim Ji Hyun , Kim Jong Han , Choi Byoung Jin , Song Young Jin , Choi Sang Bun , Bae Young Seok , Lee Sang Heon , Jee Sam Ryong , Kang Mi Seon , Seol Sang Young 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground and AimThis study was conducted to determine the clinicopathologic factors affecting the stage of ulcerative early gastric cancer (EGC), focusing on the relationships between cancer stage and degree of endoscopic ulcer depth and morphologic changes.MethodsMedical records of 183 cases of ulcerative EGC who had received endoscopic examination two or more times with a minimum interval of one week, and who underwent either curative surgery or endoscopic treatment were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsChange in ulcer morphology at follow‐up endoscopy was observed in 84 cases (45.9%) with improvement and exacerbation of ulcer in 65 (35.5%) and 19 (13.8%) cases, respectively. The presence of type III ulcer (P < 0.01), and endoscopic findings suggesting submucosal cancer invasion (tumorous bank, fusion of converging folds, hardness or decreased flexibility) (P < 0.01), and incomplete ulcer healing (P = 0.036) were independently associated with a higher incidence of submucosal cancer invasion. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was 14.1%, and undifferentiated histology and presence of lymphovascular invasion were significantly associated with a higher incidence of lymph node metastasis (P = 0.018 and P = 0.005, respectively).ConclusionsEndoscopic resection with curative intent may be an acceptable option for EGC combined with endoscopic ulcer or ulcer scar, but should be restricted to cases showing significant improvement in the size and depth of ulcer at follow‐up endoscopy, and which are not accompanied with deep ulcer more than the thickness of adjacent mucosal surface and prominent surrounding mucosal fold change. In addition, histologic criteria should meet the conditions of differentiated intramucosal cancer without lymphovascular invasion.
Impact of hospital‐acquired Clostridium difficile
Authors: Lipp Michael J , Nero Damion C , Callahan Mark A 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground and AimTo investigate the impact of hospital‐acquired Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) on hospital costs and patient length of stay.MethodsData from the 2007–2008 New York State Department of Health's Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database was analyzed using regression analysis and descriptive statistics.ResultsAfter analysis of 4 853 800 patient discharges, the incidence rate of hospital‐acquired CDI was 0.8 cases per 1000 discharges. The estimated marginal cost associated with each hospital infection was approximately $29 000. The estimated annual cost of CDI in New York State was approximately $55 million with nearly 23 000 additional hospital days.ConclusionsThe development of hospital‐acquired CDI is associated with a significant increase in hospital costs and patient length of stay. Extrapolation of these estimates to all US hospitals suggests this condition represents a major burden to the US healthcare system. Our findings may help hospitals understand the impact of these infections, as well as potential implications if deemed preventable by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and/or private payers. Additionally, this information may benefit hospitals or health care systems transitioning to alternative payment models, such as episode‐based payments or accountable care. Healthcare providers and hospitals would benefit from better understanding the impact and frequency of these infections in order to best target preventive strategies.
Combined platelet count with sCD163 and genetic variants optimizes esophageal varices prediction in cirrhotic patients
Authors: Yang Ying‐Ying , Hou Ming‐Chih , Lin Ming‐Wei , Chen Ping‐Hsien , Liao Wei‐Chih , Chu Chi‐Jen , Lin Han‐Chieh 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackground and AimEndoscopic screening for esophageal varices (EVs) is expensive and invasive. Besides traditional noninvasive markers, we explore additional candidate markers including portal hypertension serum marker‐soluble CD136 (sCD163) and genetic variants of splanchnic vasodilatation and revascularization pathways for prediction of EVs in cirrhotic patients.MethodsA total of 951 cirrhotic patients without history of variceal bleeding and an independent validation cirrhotic cohort were enrolled to evaluate the association between the presence of EVs and patients' clinical and genetic characteristics.ResultsCirrhotic patients with EVs had higher serum sCD163 and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) level, which was positively correlated with the number of risk alleles of HO‐1 (S, A), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF [G, T]) and VEGF receptor‐2 (VEGFR2 [Ile]) genes, than those without EVs. Multivariate analysis showed that EVs in cirrhotic patients was predicted by low platelet count, high sCD163 level, splenomegaly, HO‐1 AS and the VEGF GT risk haplotypes. Additive effects in relation to predict EVs were observed in the simultaneous presence of HO‐1 AS and VEGF GT risk haplotypes. Combining low platelet count with high sCD163/risk haplotypes significantly increased the predictability of EVs. Furthermore, cirrhotic patients carrying both HO‐1 AS and VEGF GT risk haplotypes had lower probability of being free of EVs bleeding compared to patients without above risk haplotypes.ConclusionsThis study suggested that high sCD163 levels and genetic risk variants are additional markers that can be combined with low platelet count to optimize assessment of EVs and bleeding in cirrhotic patients.
Transposon tagging in diploid strawberry
Authors: Veilleux Richard E. , Mills Kerri P. , Baxter Aaron J. , Upham Kendall T. , Ferguson Tammy J. , Holt Sarah Hudson , Lu Nan , Ruiz‐Rojas Juan J. , Pantazis Christopher J. , Davis Cherish M. , Lindsay Robert C. , Powell Frankie L. , Dan Yinghui , Dickerman Allan W. , Oosumi Teruko , Shulaev Vladimir 
Published: July 2012

SummaryFragaria vesca was transformed with a transposon tagging construct harbouring amino terminally deleted maize transposase and EGFP (Ac element), NPTII, CaMV 35S promoter (P35S) driving transposase and mannopine synthase promoter (Pmas) driving EGFP (Ds element). Of 180 primary transgenics, 48 were potential launch pads, 72 were multiple insertions or chimaeras, and 60 exhibited somatic transposition. T1 progeny of 32 putative launch pads were screened by multiplex PCR for transposition. Evidence of germ‐line transposition occurred in 13 putative launch pads; however, the transposition frequency was too low in three for efficient recovery of transposants. The transposition frequency in the remaining launch pads ranged from 16% to 40%. After self‐pollination of the T0 launch pads, putative transposants in the T1 generation were identified by multiplex PCR. Sequencing of hiTAIL‐PCR products derived from nested primers within the Ds end sequences (either P35S at the left border or the inverted repeat at the right border) of T1 plants revealed transposition of the Ds element to distant sites in the strawberry genome. From more than 2400 T1 plants screened, 103 unique transposants have been identified, among which 17 were somatic transpositions observed in the T0 generation. Ds insertion sites were dispersed among various gene elements [exons (15%), introns (23%), promoters (30%), 3′ UTRs (17%) as well as intergenically (15%)]. Three‐primer (one on either side of the Ds insertion and one within the Ds T‐DNA) PCR could be used to identify homozygous T2 transposon‐tagged plants. The mutant collection has been catalogued in an on‐line database.
The vascular architecture of the supravaginal and vaginal parts of the human uterine cervix: a study using corrosion casting and scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Bereza Tomasz , Tomaszewski Krzysztof Andrzej , Bałajewicz‐Nowak Marta , Mizia Ewa , Pasternak Artur , Walocha Jerzy 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to visualize and describe the vascular architecture of the vaginal and supravaginal parts of the human uterine cervix. Uteri collected at autopsy (n = 42) were perfused via the afferent vessels with fixative followed by Mercox resin. After polymerization of the resin, corrosion was performed. The obtained vascular casts of the cervix, visualizing all vessels including capillaries, were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Both in the vaginal and supravaginal parts of the cervix, four distinct vascular zones were distinguished – the outer zone containing large arteries and veins, the arteriole and venule zone, the endocervical mucosal capillaries zone and the pericanalar zone containing small veins and capillaries. In the pericanalar zone ran small veins, responsible for draining the mucosal capillaries. Both in the muscular layer, as well as in the pericanalar zone, arterioles and venules passed close to each other, often adjoining. This study introduces the idea of two systems responsible for draining blood from the mucosal capillaries. It is also the first to suggest the possible existence of a countercurrent transport between adjoining veins and arteries.
An examination of the relationship between motor coordination and executive functions in adolescents
Authors: RIGOLI DANIELA , PIEK JAN P , KANE ROBERT , OOSTERLAAN JAAP 
Published: July 2012

Aim  Research suggests important links between motor coordination and executive functions. The current study examined whether motor coordination predicts working memory, inhibition, and switching performance, extending previous research by accounting for attention‐deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptomatology and other confounding factors, in an adolescent normative sample.Method  Ninety‐three adolescents (38 females, 55 males) aged 12 to 16 years (mean age 4y 2mo, SD 1y 1mo) were assessed on the Movement Assessment Battery for Children‐2 (MABC‐2), Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children‐IV, N‐back task, the inhibition subtest from the NEPSY‐II: A Developmental Neuropsychological Assessment, second edition, and the parent‐rated Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD Symptoms and Normal Behaviour Questionnaire.Results  The MABC‐2 total score accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in visuospatial working memory (p=0.041) but not for verbal working memory. The MABC‐2 aiming and catching component, however, was found to account for unique variance in both verbal (p=0.019) and visuospatial working memory (p=0.016). The MABC‐2 total score was found to account for a significant proportion of the variance in inhibition total completion time (p=0.017). Finally, balance skills accounted for unique variance in a NEPSY‐II inhibition total errors variable (p=0.020).Interpretation  The results provide support for an overlap between motor coordination and executive functions, which has important practical implications. The study also suggests shared mechanisms underpinning the relationship between these areas, including possible cerebellar involvement.
The large sample size fallacy
Authors: Lantz Björn 
Published: July 2012

Scand J Caring Sci; 2013; 27; 487–492

The large sample size fallacy
Background:  Significance in the statistical sense has little to do with significance in the common practical sense. Statistical significance is a necessary but not a sufficient condition for practical significance. Hence, results that are extremely statistically significant may be highly nonsignificant in practice. The degree of practical significance is generally determined by the size of the observed effect, not the p‐value. The results of studies based on large samples are often characterized by extreme statistical significance despite small or even trivial effect sizes. Interpreting such results as significant in practice without further analysis is referred to as the large sample size fallacy in this article.Aim:  The aim of this article is to explore the relevance of the large sample size fallacy in contemporary nursing research.Results:  Relatively few nursing articles display explicit measures of observed effect sizes or include a qualitative discussion of observed effect sizes. Statistical significance is often treated as an end in itself.Conclusion:  Effect sizes should generally be calculated and presented along with p‐values for statistically significant results, and observed effect sizes should be discussed qualitatively through direct and explicit comparisons with the effects in related literature.
An ambiguous relationship – a qualitative meta‐synthesis of hospitalized somatic patients’ experience of interaction with fellow patients
Authors: Larsen Lene S. , Larsen Birte H. , Birkelund Regner 
Published: July 2012

Aim:  The aim of this study was to provide a clear view of the existing knowledge regarding patients’ significance to fellow patients during hospitalization.Method:  Sandelowski and Barroso’s approach to qualitative meta‐synthesis was selected and systematically used for collecting and assessing findings from qualitative studies. Data consisted of seven qualitative studies published as one book, four scientific articles and two doctoral theses from Scotland, UK, Norway and Denmark. The analysis and synthesis were conducted with inspiration from both Sandelowski and Barroso and Ian Dey’s approach to qualitative data analysis.Results:  The qualitative meta‐synthesis resulted in the heading An Ambiguous Relationship under which three core categories illustrate the hospitalized patients’ different interaction roles. The core categories were as follows: (i) the fellow patient experienced as an enforced companion, (ii) the fellow patient experienced as an expert on illness and hospital life and (iii) the fellow patient experienced as a care provider. Each core category was elaborated through several subcategories. Social interaction among hospitalized patients embedded elements of both enforced and volunteered participation. Typically, the social interaction was experienced as giving and was referred to in positive terms but recurrently, the opposite was experienced too. The ambiguity of the relationship clearly emerged in all of the synthesized themes presented in this article.Implications for practice:  Hospitalized patients experienced interaction with fellow patients to be of great significance. We suggest that knowledge of patients’ interaction is to be included in the nursing education and that nurses reflect on how this knowledge may be implemented as a part of caring in nursing.