bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma folate levels are associated with the lipoprotein profile: a retrospective database analysis
Authors: Semmler Alexander , Moskau Susanna , Grigull Andreas , Farmand Susan , Klockgether Thomas , Smulders Yvo , Blom Henk , Zur Bernd , Stoffel-Wagner Birgit , Linnebank Michael 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
Several studies demonstrated an association of homocysteine plasma levels and the plasma lipoprotein profile. This cross-sectional pilot study aimed at analyzing whether blood levels of the two important cofactors of homocysteine metabolism, folate and vitamin B12, coincide with the lipoprotein profile.

Methods
In a retrospective single center approach, we analyzed the laboratory database (2003-2006) of the University Hospital Bonn, Germany, including 1743 individuals, in whom vitamin B12, folate and at least one lipoprotein parameter had been determined by linear multilogistic regression.

Results
Higher folate serum levels were associated with lower serum levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C; Beta = -0.164; p < 0.001), higher levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C; Beta = 0.094; p = 0.021 for trend) and a lower LDL-C-C/HDL-C-ratio (Beta = -0.210; p < 0.001). Using ANOVA, we additionally compared the individuals of the highest with those of the lowest quartile of folate. Individuals of the highest folate quartile had higher levels of HDL-C (1.42 ± 0.44 mmol/l vs. 1.26 ± 0.47 mmol/l; p = 0.005), lower levels of LDL-C (3.21 ± 1.04 mmol/l vs. 3.67 ± 1.10 mmol/l; p = 0.001) and a lower LDL-C/HDL-C- ratio (2.47 ± 1.18 vs. 3.77 ± 5.29; p = 0.002). Vitamin B12 was not associated with the lipoprotein profile.

Conclusion
In our study sample, high folate levels were associated with a favorable lipoprotein profile. A reconfirmation of these results in a different study population with a well defined status of health, diet and medication is warranted.
Transcriptome analysis of human cancer reveals a functional role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in tumor cell adhesion
Authors: Tauber Stefanie , Jais Alexander , Jeitler Markus , Haider Sandra , Husa Julia , Lindroos Josefine , Knöfler Martin , Mayerhofer Matthias , Pehamberger Hubert , Wagner Oswald , Bilban Martin 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is expressed in many cancers and promotes growth and survival of neoplastic cells. Recently, HO-1 has been implicated in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these biologic effects of HO-1 remain largely unknown. To identify a common mechanism of action of HO-1 in cancer, we determined the global effect of HO-1 on the transcriptome of multiple tumor entities and identified a universal HO-1-associated gene expression signature.

Results
Genome-wide expression profiling of Heme Oxygenase-1 expressing versus HO-1 silenced BeWo choriocarcinoma cells as well as a comparative meta-profiling of the preexisting expression database of 190 human tumors of 14 independent cancer types led to the identification of 14 genes, the expression of which correlated strongly and universally with that of HO-1 (P = 0.00002). These genes included regulators of cell plasticity and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling (MMP2, ADAM8, TGFB1, BGN, COL21A1, PXDN), signaling (CRIP2, MICB), amino acid transport and glycosylation (SLC7A1 and ST3GAL2), estrogen and phospholipid biosynthesis (AGPAT2 and HSD17B1), protein stabilization (IFI30), and phosphorylation (ALPPL2). We selected PXDN, an adhesion molecule involved in ECM formation, for further analysis and functional characterization. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting confirmed the positive correlation of expression of PXDN and HO-1 in BeWo cancer cells as well as co-localization of these two proteins in invasive extravillous trophoblast cells. Modulation of HO-1 expression in both loss-of and gain-of function cell models (BeWo and 607B melanoma cells, respectively) demonstrated a direct relationship of HO-1 expression with cell adhesion to Fibronectin and Laminin coated wells. The adhesion-promoting effects of HO-1 were dependent on PXDN expression, as loss of PXDN in HO-1 expressing BeWo and 607B cells led to reduced cell attachment to Laminin and Fibronectin coated wells.

Conclusions
Collectively, our results show that HO-1 expression determines a distinct 'molecular signature' in cancer cells, which is enriched in genes associated with tumorigenesis. The protein network downstream of HO-1 modulates adhesion, signaling, transport, and other critical cellular functions of neoplastic cells and thus promotes tumor cell growth and dissemination.
Glycyrrhizic acid improved lipoprotein lipase expression, insulin sensitivity, serum lipid and lipid deposition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats
Authors: Eu Chia Hui Apphia , Lim Wai Yen Alfred , Ton So Ha , Kadir Khalid bin Abdul 
Published: July 2010

Abstract

Background
The metabolic syndrome, known also as the insulin resistance syndrome, refers to the clustering of several risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia is a hallmark of the syndrome and is associated with a whole body reduction in the activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), an enzyme under the regulation of the class of nuclear receptors known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin, is the primary bioactive constituent of the roots of the shrub Glycyrrhiza glabra. Studies have indicated that triterpenoids could act as PPAR agonists and GA is therefore postulated to restore LPL expression in the insulin resistant state.

Results
Oral administration of 100 mg/kg of GA to high-fat diet-induced obese rats for 28 days led to significant reduction in blood glucose concentration and improvement in insulin sensitivity as indicated by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (p < 0.05). LPL expression was up-regulated in the kidney, heart, quadriceps femoris, abdominal muscle and the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues but down-regulated in the liver - a condition in reverse to that seen in high-fat diet-induced obese rats without GA. With regard to lipid metabolism, GA administration led to significant hypotriglyceridemic and HDL-raising effects (p < 0.05), with a consistent reduction in serum free fatty acid, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol and significant decrease in tissue lipid deposition across all studied tissue (p < 0.01).

Conclusion
In conclusion, GA may be a potential compound in improving dyslipidaemia by selectively inducing LPL expression in non-hepatic tissues. Such up-regulation was accompanied by a GA-mediated improvement in insulin sensitivity, which may be associated with a decrease in tissue lipid deposition. The HDL-raising effect of GA suggests the antiatherosclerotic properties of GA.
Problems in the reporting of acne clinical trials: a spot check from the 2009 Annual Evidence Update on Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Ingram John R , Grindlay Douglas JC , Williams Hywel C 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
In the course of producing the 2009 NHS Evidence - skin disorders Annual Evidence Update on Acne Vulgaris, 25 randomised controlled trials were examined. From these, at least 12 potentially serious problems of trial reporting were identified. Several trials concluded no effect of a treatment yet they were insufficiently powered to exclude potentially useful benefits. There were examples of duplicate publication and "salami publication", as well as two trials being combined and reported as one. In some cases, an incorrect "within-groups" statistical comparison was made and one trial report omitted original efficacy data and included only P values. Both of the non-inferiority studies examined failed to pre-specify a non-inferiority margin. Trials reported as "double-blind" compared treatments that were dissimilar in appearance or had differing adverse effect profiles. In one case an intention-to-treat analysis was not performed and there was a failure to account for all of the randomized participants. Trial results were made to sound more impressive by selective outcome reporting, emphasizing the statistical significance of treatment effects that were clinically insignificant, and by the use of larger-sounding odds ratios rather than rate ratios for common events. Most of the reporting problems could have been avoided by use of the CONSORT guidelines and prospective trial registration on a public clinical trials database.
Investigation on wax-impregnated wood. Part 1: Microscopic observations and 2D X-ray imaging of distinct wax types
Authors: Scholz Gunthard , Van den Bulcke Jan , Boone Matthieu , Zauer Mario , Bäucker Ernst , Van Acker Joris , Militz Holger 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The migration and deposition of hot melting wax in wax-treated wood is not described in detail in the literature, although such products are available on the market. In the present study, this topic was investigated based on pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris L.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). The behavior of three different waxes was studied by means of 2D X-ray measurements and scanning electron microscopy observations. The three waxes did not show distinct differences in their deposition patterns. An intensive wax deposition could be observed within the vessels, tracheids, and fibers. In P. sylvestris the ray tracheids were penetrated with hot melting waxes, therefore there is a lateral wood penetration from the outer to the inner wood. In general, no wax penetration was visible within the parenchyma tissue and epithelium cells. Cracks were detected within the wax deposits as well as secondary microcapillaries, which were visible between the deposits and the cell walls.
A CP/MAS 13C-NMR study of cellulose fibril aggregation in eucalyptus dissolving pulps during drying and the correlation between aggregate dimensions and chemical reactivity
Authors: Chunilall Viren , Bush Tamara , Larsson Per Tomas , Iversen Tommy , Kindness Andrew 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Changes in supramolecular properties of cellulose I, namely its lateral fibril aggregate dimension (LFAD), in bleached hardwood acid bisulphite pulp during drying was studied using cross-polarization/magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS 13C-NMR) in combination with spectral fitting. A significant change in aggregate dimensions was noticed when each of the pulp grades were oven dried. The effect of drying was further investigated with pulp samples subjected to different drying methods. A comparison of a harsh oven drying, mild and rapid air drying, and a very mild and slow condition drying showed that the LFAD of the material decreases in the following order: oven drying > air drying > condition drying. The correlation between the total extractable material S10 (%) and LFAD and also the LFAD increment (ΔLFAD in %) are presented and shown to be intimately related. This means that the method of drying influences the size of the fibril aggregate dimensions and depends on the presence of extractable material within the fibre cell wall. Reactivity studies were carried out based on the acetylation of cotton linters and commercial 96α pulp. Results indicate that the initial reaction rate is proportional to the specific surface area of the two cellulose pulp samples. Accordingly, the specific surface area is directly related to initial reactivity of the performed acetylation. We demonstrated that it is possible to control the LFAD and hence specific surface area in laboratory-produced pulps 91α, 92α, and 96α by the drying method. Thus controlling LFAD can probably be one viable route for controlling the initial reactivity of dissolving pulp towards acetylation.
REFLET Experiment in OSIRIS: Relaxation under Flux as a Method for Determining Creep Behavior of Zircaloy Assembly Components
Authors: Carassou S. , Duguay C. , Yvon P. , Rozenblum F. , Cloué J. M. , Chabretou V. , Bernaudat C. , Levasseur B. , Maurice A. , Bouffioux P. , Audic K. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
A stress relaxation on bent-beam specimen irradiation campaign was performed in the French material testing reactor OSIRIS in order to screen different materials according to their in-flux behavior and to derive constitutive laws that are used to describe the in-reactor behavior of assembly components under axial stress. This paper presents the methodology used, with particular emphasis on the validation of the different hypotheses. The methodology is illustrated with the results obtained on an industrial Zircaloy-4 (Zy-4) alloy used in guide thimbles. As an illustration of the capability of the method, the parameters of simple creep behavior laws are adjusted to the relaxation results. The creep-law predictions are compared to results obtained previously in a creep experiment.
Laboratory Equipment for Silage Studies1
Authors: Kennedy W. K. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisEquipment was developed and tested which allowed a 1,000‐g. sample of forage to be ensiled under the same degree of continuous compaction found in large silos. Uniformity trials indicated that for measurements of juice and total dry matter losses during ensiling the variability was relatively low if samples weighing 800 to 1,000 g. were used. The resultant silage was of good quality and had the same characteristics as silage produced within the mass of a large silo, rather than the characteristics of silage produced near the top.
Wind‐Blown Soil Abrasive Injuries to Winter Wheat Plants1
Authors: Woodruff N. P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisWinter wheat plants were given fall and spring exposures to blowing soil in a wind tunnel. Average yields, weights of plant material, and number of heads for spring treatments were 46.4, 29.4, and 23.9% less, respectively, than fall treatments. Heading and ripening of grain was delayed 1 week to 10 days on severely exposed plants. The total amount of soil striking a plant was more important in depressing products of plant growth than was the length of time between exposures. The plants were shown to have remarkable recovery powers if given water after severe abrasive injury.
Influence of Time of Planting and Digging on the Jumbo Runner Peanut1
Authors: Shear G. M. , Miller L. I. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe minimum length of time for Jumbo Runner peanuts to produce a crop with optimum maturity under Virginia conditions was approximately 148 days, with the earliest digging date for optimum maturity being about October 15. Early planted peanuts are longer in reaching the flowering stage than later planted ones and, therefore, are slower in maturing.
Phosphorus Availability in Reddish Brown Lateritic Soils. II. Relationships Between Field, Greenhouse, and Soil Analyses1
Authors: Jackson T. L. , Vacharotayan S. , Alban L. A. , Peterson R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisNo method was found to be significantly superior to any other in predicting the P status of the soils. The Olsen method was least affected by soil pH and generally yielded the highest correlation coefficient. This will probably continue to be the method used by the Oregon State University Soil Testing Laboratory for both acid and calcareous soils.
Preservation of Green Chopped Alfalfa at Near Freezing Temperatures1
Authors: Sprague Milton A. , Taylor B. Brooks 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn a series of tests over a 3‐year period, chopped green alfalfa forage was cooled rapidly, using crushed solid carbon dixide, sealed in a large plastic bag, and stored at 34 to 36F for up to 5 months without detectable losses or appreciable changes in appearance or in chemical composition. About 150 pounds of solid carbon dioxide per ton of forage at 24% dry matter is required for rapid cooling from 70 to 30F. No heat of respiration or evidence of loss of carbohydrate or protein constituents during storage was detected. This method of storage appears to have merit in animal experiments with green chopped forages.
Factors Affecting the Emergence of Sugar Beets in an Irrigated Desert Environment
Authors: Robinson Frank E. , Worker George F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIrrigation reduced soil temperature approximately 20F below unirrigated soil. Sprinkler irrigation was shown to be most effective in removing surface salt accumulations and this irrigation treatment gave the highest emergence. Intermittent furrow irrigation appears to be a much better practice than the continuous irrigation which is in wide commercial use. Lime seed row covering shows promise in improving the emergence and growth rate of seedlings.
Differential Tolerance of Cotton Varieties to an Acid Soil High in Exchangeable Aluminum1
Authors: Foy C. D. , Armiger W. H. , Fleming A. L. , Lewis C. F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFourteen varieties of cotton, adapted to various regions of the Cotton Belt of the United States, were screened for AI tolerance by growing them for 56 days in a greenhouse on Al‐toxic Bladen clay loam (pH 4.4) treated with increasing levels of CaCO3. The varieties differed significantly in top growth on the unlimed soil and in their response to CaCO3 additions. In general, liming the acid soil to about pH 5.4 tended to equalize top yields of sensitive and tolerant varieties and permitted each to attain near maximum yield.Contrary to predictions, the varieties showing greatest tolerance to the acid soil, ‘Pima S‐2,’ ‘Acala 47–42,’ and ‘Acala 44–10,’ are western in origin and adaptation. Varieties showing the least tolerance were ‘Coker 100A,’ ‘Deltapine Smooth Leaf,’ and ‘Acala 1517D,’ which were developed in the Eastern, Delta, and Western regions, respectively. Differential tolerance between two extreme varieties, Coker 100A and Pima S‐2, was also reflected by root yields.These results suggest the possibility of breeding cotton varieties with even greater abilities to send their roots into acid subsoils of the Southeast, where shallow rooting of crops may be due, in part, to AI toxicity.
Influence of Row Spacings on Yield and Quality of Sugarcane in Georgia
Authors: Freeman K. C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) was grown in row spacings of 107, 122, 137, 152, and 168 cm in the field experiments in 1957, 1958, and 1959. Plant cane, 1st‐ and 2nd‐year stubble crops were harvested from each experiment. Yield of cane per hectare, percent juice extracted from stalks and degrees Brix of the juice were obtained. The mean cane/ha yields of the three varieties of cane per hectare were significantly higher from rows spaced 107, 122, and 137 cm than from those spread 152 or 168 cm. Row spacings had no significant influence on percentage of juice extracted or Brix of the juice. These data indicate that increased yields could be expected from narrow row spacings but the added cost of seedcane, cultural practices, and harvesting would need to be balanced against the increased yield.
Selenium Content of Forage and Hay Crops in the Pacific Northwest1
Authors: Carter D. L. , Brown M. J. , Allaway W. H. , Cary E. E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA map illustrating the Se content of forage and hay crops in different sections of the Pacific Northwest was prepared, based on analyses of crop samples. The primary criterion used in mapping was to delineate areas where forage and hay crops generally contain insufficient Se to meet requirements of lambs and calves, and thus prevent white muscle disease (WMD) and other Seresponsive diseases. The minimal requirement may vary from 0.03 to 0.10 ppm Se in the diet, depending upon the diet level of vitamin E and possibly other substances. Under normal livestock management practices, WMD is common when forages and hay contain less than 0.10 ppm Se and the incidence is greater at lower Se levels. The western half of Washington and Oregon and part of northern California comprise an extremely low Se area. The eastern half of Washington, northern Idaho, extreme western Montana, and the northeast corner of Oregon comprise a low Se area. Most of the remaining portion of the Northwest may be considered as variable in Se, with farm‐to‐farm, variations common, but some small areas of adequate Se were found and mapped.
Factors Affecting Carbohydrate Reserves of Cool Season Turfgrasses1
Authors: Zanoni L. J. , Michelson L. F. , Colby W. G. , Drake M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractChanges in levels of soluble carbohydrate reserves were determined for four turfgrass species under two levels of nitrogen and two levels of potassium fertilization under standard golf course management practices. Soil temperatures and the level of nitrogen fertilization were the most important factors in producing seasonal fluctuations in soluble carbohydrate levels. The main soluble carbohydrate reserves were localized in the stem tissue. The percent total soluble carbohydrates were found to be proportionally higher than the percent total fructose for all species and at all sampling periods.
Available Nitrogen and Phosphorus Status of Saline‐Sodic Soils of Punjab (India)1
Authors: Chawla V. K. 
Published: July 2010

AbtractThe organic matter content of saline‐sodic soils of Punjab is very low and varies from 0.229 to 0.563%. It is an important cause of low available nitrogen and the correlation coefficient (r = 0.640) is significant.The values of available nitrogen are low in surface and very low in subsurface soils. Values of available phosphorus are medium in surface and low in subsurface saline‐sodic soils. Available nitrogen is very low in the districts of Karnal, Amritsar, and Rohtak, and low in Hissar, Gurdaspur, and Ferozepur. Available phosphorus ranges from very low to low in Rohtak, Hissar, and Gurgaon, but is medium to high in Gurdaspur, Ferozepur, Karnal, and Amritsar.pH has a significant effect on the availability and fixation of nutrients. Significant negative correlation coefficients between pH and available nitrogen (r = 0.444) and pH and available phosphorus (r = 0.362) have been found.
Interrelationship of Growth and Fruiting Characteristics of Cotton1
Authors: Gerard C. J. , Cowley W. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe relationships between total fresh weight and other plant characters of the cotton plant were evaluated. Correlation coefficients indicated that the relationships between fresh weight and other growth characteristics were excellent. Plant height measurements had the advantages of being easier to obtain and requiring a smaller sample size for the purpose of obtaining an estimate of the population average. Boll formation and square formation were highly correlated. Boll formation lagged 3 weeks behind square formation.
Accumulation and Loss of Nitrogen during Growth and Maturation of Cereal Rye (Secale cereale)1
Authors: Rumburg C. B. , Sneva Forrest A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe loss of total N from herbage of cereal rye after anthesis was studied by recovering herbage, roots, and anthers of rye grown in soil (under dryland conditions), nutrient solution, and sand culture. The amount of N in herbage of dryland rye decreased an average of 7.9 kg/ha during the 2 weeks following anthesis. Potential loss of N from herbage through shedding of anthers and pollen was estimated at 16 kg/ha. Rye grown in sand or solution culture continued to absorb and accumulate N after anthesis which masked the N lost during anthesis. We found no evidence which would suggest a transport of N from herbage to roots under either dryland conditions, or sand or nutrient culture.
Influence of Hydraulic Properties of Soil on Pre‐Germination Water Absorption by Rapeseed (Brassica napus)1
Authors: Shaykewich C. F. , Williams John 
Published: July 2010

AbstractStudies were conducted to determine the influence of soil water potential and hydraulic conductivity on pregermination water absorption by rapeseed under different seed densities and geometries. In all seed densities and geometries, water absorption rate was reduced with each decrease in water potential. Hydraulic conductivity had an important influence on the water absorption process. Soil water potential at which soil hydraulic conductivity became important was dependent upon seed density and geometry and was associated with hydraulic conductivitywater content relation of the seed.