bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing post‐earthquake disaster resilience
Authors: Tyler Jacob , Singh Amarjit 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a multi‐year assistance plan aimed at promoting a disaster resilient and foreign‐aid‐independent community in rural Peru in the wake of the August 2007 Peru earthquake.Design/methodology/approachA collaborative effort among students and professionals from several fields including engineering, public health, business, planning, economics, and marketing is proposed to provide a holistic approach to mitigating effects of future disasters on a rural developing community.FindingsThis paper assesses community vulnerabilities exposed by the August 2007 Peru earthquake and provides conceptual solutions to mitigating effects of future disasters.Research limitations/implicationsBecause this is a student‐driven, volunteer‐based initiative, implementation of the discussed plan is sporadic in nature. As student leadership changes, solutions and implementation time frames discussed in this paper may be altered significantly.Practical implicationsThe student‐professional collaborative plan for enhancing disaster‐resilience discussed in this paper may be beneficial to educators who seek to extend the educational experience beyond the classroom. The holistic model of enhancing disaster‐resilience discussed in this paper may help relief organizations to better understand the issues facing small post‐disaster communities and subsequently help to develop more efficient recovery plans.Social implicationsThis project will have a great impact on improving the social and family life of the inhabitants of La Garita; the improvements in water supply will reduce health problems throughout the community.Originality/valueThis paper discusses a unique student‐professional collaborative approach to incorporating disaster‐resilience in the built environment. An educational component is incorporated into the framework of assistance in the interest of developing knowledgeable students and community members to provide a catalyst for future development projects in neighboring communities.
Recovery: rebuilding a resilient housing stock
Authors: Rosowsky David V. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to address a critical aspect of post‐event recovery, namely the rebuilding of the housing stock following a devastating natural disaster. Using hurricanes as an example, challenges and opportunities are systematically discussed in hopes of sparking some further discussion and new economic models (including incentive‐based) that can help move communities toward greater resiliency and sustainability.Design/methodology/approachAs a viewpoint paper, this paper relies on the author's experience in post‐hurricane damage investigation, structural retrofit, and design to minimize loss.FindingsIn evaluating how best to rebuild following a natural disaster, there are clear opportunities (and needs) in the areas of structural damage/loss mitigation, codes and standards, building material and system selection, and risk communication. Specific suggestions are made in each of these areas and the importance of risk‐based decision is stressed in each area.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the ongoing and informed discussions on resiliency, sustainable design, and disaster‐resistant communities.
Transient institutional investors and insider trading signals
Authors: Wang Juan 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to examine how informed traders, i.e. transient institutional investors that actively trade on information to maximize investment profits, use insider trading signals in addition to accounting numbers to mitigate future abnormal returns.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 44,843 firm‐quarters from 1988 to 2001 in the USA, the paper examines how informed investors use insider trading signals and the extent to which the use of these signals by informed investors impacts insiders' future abnormal returns from trading.FindingsThis study finds that the change in transient institutional ownership in the next‐quarter is positively associated with net insider trading in the current quarter, after controlling for accounting information (including total accruals, unexpected earnings, etc.). In addition, this study finds that insider profits decrease in transient institutional ownership, consistent with the notion that trading by informed investors limits insider profits.Research limitations/implicationsThe institutional ownership data are only available on a quarterly basis, which may not capture institutional investors' immediate response to insider trading signals.Originality/valueThis study provides systematic evidence on how informed traders use insider trading signals. This study adds to existing knowledge of the information environment of institutional investors by showing that transient institutional investors use insider trading signals in addition to accounting information in making investment decisions. Moreover, this study contributes to the literature on the determinants of insider profits by providing evidence that informed trading by investors has incremental power to explain insider profits.
Incremental information content of option‐related excess tax benefit under FASB Statement No. 123R
Authors: Hossain Mahmud , Mitra Santanu , Rezaee Zabihollah 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis study aims to examine the incremental valuation implication of excess realized tax benefit under Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 123R: share‐based payment (123R excess tax benefit), which is required to be reported as a component of financing cash flows by the publicly traded corporations.Design/methodology/approachThe sample comprises of Standard and Poor's (S&P); large‐, mid‐ and small‐cap firms who adopted SFAS No. 123(R) on January 1, 2006. The study covers a time period of the first and second quarters of 2006.FindingsThe multivariate regression analyses indicate that the capital market evaluates the SFAS 123R excess tax benefit in presence of accruals, and operating, investing and other financing cash‐flow components at different rates in pricing equity securities.Research limitations/implicationsThe primary results, however, are mostly restricted to large‐ and mid‐cap S&P firms. No incremental valuation consequence of SFAS 123R excess tax benefits for small‐cap S&P firms is observed.Originality/valueThe findings suggest that the 123R excess tax benefit reported as a financing cash‐flow component is incrementally informative in equity valuation but the timing and extent of its market valuation is impacted by firm size, its visibility and information environment, and the magnitude of the excess realized tax benefit in dollar terms.
Corporate regulatory strategies in context
Authors: Levi‐Faur David , Rozen Bachar Ziva 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe wave of regulatory reforms in European telecoms and electricity industries has had an important impact on the structure of the state as well as of corporations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the establishment of these regulatory organizations at the state and corporate levels within a unified theoretical framework, that is grounded in the politics of regulation.Design/methodology/approachThe case selection includes governance structures at the state and corporate levels in 16 European countries in both telecoms and electricity.FindingsThe data reveal that regulatory agencies exist in both telecoms and electricity sectors in all 16 countries under study, with the notable exception of Switzerland's electricity sector. At the same time, business corporate reforms were also evident, mainly via the creation of corporate regulatory offices at the headquarters of the firms. These departments, which redefine the patterns of responsibility within the corporation and have played the leading role in the negotiations with the external regulatory environment.Originality/valueThis paper strives to overcome the tendency in the scholarly literature to look only at one or the other aspect of the growth of regulatory development and therefore also to offer a narrow understanding of the growth of regulation. It asserts that the commonalities in the expansion of autonomous regulatory agencies and corporate regulatory departments suggest that the growth in the regulatory professionalization of the state and of business corporations reflects the changing nature of capitalist economy and society and the rise of a new global order of “regulatory capitalism”.
Factors impacting the credibility of website disclosures
Authors: Epping Lori L. , Wilder W. Mark 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine credibility attributes in a website disclosure venue.Design/methodology/approachA total of 100 MBA and Masters of accountancy students participated in an experiment to assess whether specific disclosure characteristics impact the credibility of optimistic, forward‐looking voluntary disclosures. The disclosure characteristics examined include management's ability to meet the current earnings forecast and the disclosure of positive corporate governance qualities. A between‐subjects 2×2 analysis of variance (ANOVA) is used to test the hypotheses.FindingsThe findings indicate that disclosure of positive corporate governance qualities improves the credibility of optimistic, forward‐looking voluntary disclosures. In addition, the credibility of optimistic, forward‐looking voluntary disclosures is greater when management has met its current earnings forecast.Research limitations/implicationsSuggestions for future research include determining whether the importance of credibility attributes differ across presentation venues. For example, credibility attributes that are important in a website venue may be less important when used in conjunction with voluntary MD&A disclosures. In addition, the impact of the disclosure of corporate governance qualities on the credibility of voluntary disclosures may differ across subject groups.Originality/valueThe increasing use of the investor relations pages of corporate websites and the push for enhanced disclosures underscores the importance of understanding voluntary disclosures in a website venue and the related attributes that improve the credibility of these disclosures.
IFRS – preparedness of Indian banking industry
Authors: Firoz Mohammad 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze the preparations carried out by the Indian banking industry for the implementation of the International Financial Reporting Standards on and after 1 April 2011.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based upon the critical analysis of the financial statements of the Indian banking industry and the relevant provisions of IFRS and other relevant laws applicable for the Indian banking industry.FindingsThe main finding of this paper is that the Indian banking industry is preparing according to the target for convergence from 1 April 2011, but amendments in the various statutory laws of India are yet to be implemented/approved by the government.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper covers only the Indian banking industry and excludes all other industries in India.Originality/valueThis paper shows the areas in which the Indian banking industry is required to focus before and after the implementation of IFRS, and their consequences on the financial statements of the bank.
Compliance and value relevance of audit committees: evidence from Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Raymond S.Y. , Lau Charles K.S. , Ng Artie W. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeAudit committees (ACs) have been perceived as an important means of corporate governance, safeguarding the interests of shareholders by monitoring internal control and risk management. This study aims to examine specific structural and operational characteristics of ACs for firms in Hong Kong, where regulators have strived to adhere to international compliance standards.Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on a cross‐sectional examination of disclosures on ACs by 223 listed companies in Hong Kong.FindingsThe independence and financial expertise of AC members do not enhance the value of the respective firms, despite maintaining satisfactory compliance. The discrepancy in the value relevance of ACs in prior studies is explained by the possible inadequacy of the resources available to ACs.Research limitations/implicationsThe data in this study are entirely from secondary sources of disclosures by listed companies for the year immediately following the implementation of the code of best practices of corporate governance. No in‐depth case studies are supplemented.Practical implicationsA key implication of this study to the regulators is that the proper allocation of resources to an AC should be considered beyond the independence and financial expertise of AC members to ensure the effectiveness of an AC.Originality/valueThis paper is an empirical study about the practices and compliance of ACs among listed companies in a global financial centre.
Lean Six Sigma: the contribution to business excellence
Authors: Corbett Lawrence M. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how quality award‐winning organisations have used lean Six Sigma to assist their efforts to improve their business excellence scores.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a case study approach and uses data collected by interviews and at public workshops. In addition, publicly available materials such as award applications were also examined. Two organisations were studied, one in New Zealand and one in the USA.FindingsThe results show that lean Six Sigma can contribute strongly to each category of the business criteria for performance excellence. There was no evidence of compatibility problems between the lean and Six Sigma components.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper is based on two case studies of award‐winning companies that had adopted lean Six Sigma after a long journey using a wide range of improvement approaches. More work is needed to examine the use of lean Six Sigma in the early stages of the business excellence journey.Practical implicationsSome literature on lean Six Sigma suggests that the tools associated with each component are used in a sequential fashion or dominant/subordinate roles. This research showed that the choice of lean Six Sigma tools by project teams was decided more by the complexity of the project rather than following some particular sequence.Originality/valueBusiness excellence awards are common in many parts of the world. Organisations are continually seeking ways to improve their performance and to advance up the scoring scale. This paper shows how two award‐winning companies have harnessed lean Six Sigma to improve their operations and improve their scores.
The Toyota Way – a quantitative approach
Authors: Marksberry Phillip 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to quantify Toyota's managerial values known as the Toyota Way to understand the cultural aspects of the Toyota production system (TPS).Design/methodology/approachThe research methodology in this paper utilizes latent semantic analysis and singular value decomposition to analyze corporate memory documents to determine from organizational view how TPS is prescribed ideally to achieve Toyota's culture.FindingsThis work shows that the Toyota Way heavily centers on the principle ofGenchi Genbutsuwhich is the practice of seeing problems first hand. Findings also show that Toyota's widely popularizedKaizenphilosophy is de‐emphasized compared to team work and respect for people. Toyota's culture is somewhat balanced between individualism and collectivism which disagrees with most national Asian cultures. Finally, results show that Toyota reinforces both long‐ and short‐term orientations which disagree with most national views of Japan's national culture.Research limitations/implicationsFuture work using latent semantic analysis should include a broader spectrum of literature on which to perform the analysis. This analysis is limited to developing theories about Toyota's culture but does not actually describe the culture that exist in the workplace.Practical implicationsThis work provides a broad guideline with which to structure a lean culture. It provides the reader with knowledge of what parts of a corporate culture to deem the most significant. Improving upon each of these company values with the weighted significance elicited in this document could provide a positive impact within an organization.Originality/valueThe methodology used in this paper is a brand new, fledgling technique that could provide significant improvements in studying lean cultures. The concepts of this technique will be useful to researchers in this field and the results will be of value to management who wish to create a more efficient organization.
The rise and fall of accruals: a case of Nepalese central government
Authors: Adhikari Pawan , Mellemvik Frode 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to trace the rise and fall of accruals in the Nepalese central government, contributing to the literature on accrual accounting by looking at the developments in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachThe ideas of institutional theory have provided a theoretical setting through which to trace the country's journey toward the accrual basis of accounting. Document search and informal interviews represent the major methods of collecting data for this paper.FindingsThe paper demonstrates that Nepal has been acquainted with the notion of accrual accounting since the late 1980s. The interest of international organizations and the involvement of professional accountants have been the two main factors driving this accrual accounting journey. The study also shows that the implementation of accrual accounting in the Nepalese central government has been an unsuccessful mission. This is why the notion of accrual accounting has been replaced by the improved version of cash accounting anchored on the cash basis International Public Sector Accounting Standard (IPSAS).Research limitations/implicationsIt is beyond the scope of this paper to generalize that the trend toward accrual accounting has also reversed in other developing countries.Originality/valueThe paper contributes to the literature dealing with the role and influence of international organizations in facilitating public sector accounting reforms in developing countries. Moreover, the study argues that there has been a change in the attitude of international organizations toward exerting pressures on developing countries to carry out accrual accounting reforms. This changing attitude of international organizations has led many developing nations to focus more on improvements in their existing accounting standards and procedures.
The use of multiple performance measures and the balanced scorecard (BSC) in Bangladeshi firms
Authors: Khan Habib‐Uz‐Zaman , Halabi Abdel K. , Sartorius Kurt 
Published: July 2011

AimsThis paper aims to examine: the status and the use of financial and non‐financial measures, and the balanced scorecard (BSC) in Bangladeshi companies; the reasons for BSC adoption; and associated problems.Design/methodology/approachData via a questionnaire were obtained from the chief accounting and finance officers of a cross section of 60 Bangladeshi companies listed on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. A combination of descriptive statistics, bi‐variate, and multi‐variate techniques of statistics were used to test three research questions.FindingsThe results indicate that financial measures are more widely used, but that 78.4 per cent of companies use some non‐financial indicators. Further, the exercise of a full BSC is limited to only 10 per cent of the sample. The results also show that companies adopt these frameworks to aid decision making, and the problems associated with the adoption of BSC include a cost‐benefit perspective and a lack of management support.Practical implicationsThe findings suggest many companies are using a dashboard of financial and non‐financial performance measures that could possibly be a precursor to adopting more holistic performance measurement frameworks like the BSC.Originality/valueThere have been recent calls for more in‐depth analysis of the management accounting systems of emerging countries and these findings contribute further knowledge to an under researched area. In particular, the paper demonstrates how a performance measurement framework may evolve in an emerging country context.
Are trade unions learning?
Authors: Siebert Sabina 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider whether a university‐based conception of learning in the workplace might bridge the differences that separate the critics and advocates of workplace learning promoted by trade unions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper discusses the role of work‐based learning in trade unions.FindingsFor trade unions the meaning of workplace learning is a contested area. Critics associate it with a corporate oriented policy of upskilling the workforce, premised on a simplified, firm‐specific notion of the human capital theory. In contrast, advocates of workplace learning promoted by trade unions consider it an opportunity to develop the basic and higher level skills of members while revitalising the movement. This paper proposes a way forward for union involvement in work‐based learning that tackles the concerns of radical trade unionists and fulfils the hopes of advocates, namely to work in collaboration with universities.Originality/valueThe literature on the role of trade unions in promoting workplace learning focuses on the tension between critics who challenge a unitarist and consensual view of learning, and advocates who believe that learning partnerships between employers and trade unions facilitate more conciliatory employment relations and create a positive learning environment for the members. This paper assumes a different perspective by proposing a way forward for union involvement in workplace learning, namely to work in collaboration with universities.
Paradigms at play and implications for validity in social marketing research
Authors: Brennan Linda , Voros Joseph , Brady Erica 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to shed light on concepts of validity and validation of social marketing research (SMR) with a view to enhancing SMR design and to inform SMR practice.Design/methodology/approachThe paper defines and presents concepts of validity in a manner that sheds light on the unique issues facing SMR and sets the stage for future research.FindingsThe paper introduces an integrated model representing the variety of relationships that exist amongst a range of validity concepts that will assist methodological practice and increased rigor in future studies. The authors also introduce a matrix on research paradigms that can support the integration of a range of philosophical considerations to SMR research design.Research limitations/implicationsThe “quality” of research is being determined by those at the leading edge of their own paradigm without reference to other points of view. The authors argue that these sub‐processes of determining the validity of research outcomes are a challenge to the “discipline” of SMR and that SMR is at risk of becoming too narrowly focussed. Furthermore, the authors believe this is limiting SMR's potential to contribute to the broader domain of business or social research.Social implicationsSocial marketing is an interdisciplinary practice. The paradigms of research within the social marketing domain are still being argued and are the subject of much debate. The authors believe that the conceptual frameworks developed for this paper will enhance the practices of research in the field of social marketing.Originality/valueThe paper provides a new conceptual framework for those developing SMR. This framework aims to integrate others' theories and provide a simplified framework for consideration of issues of validation in SMR.