bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased MicroRNA-1 and MicroRNA-133a Levels in Serum of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease Indicate Myocardial Damage
Authors: Kuwabara Yasuhide , Ono Koh , Horie Takahiro , Nishi Hitoo , Nagao Kazuya , Kinoshita Minako , Watanabe Shin , Baba Osamu , Kojima Yoji , Shizuta Satoshi , Imai Masao , Tamura Toshihiro , Kita Toru , Kimura Takeshi 
Published: June 2011

Background—
Recently, elevation of circulating muscle-specific microRNA (miRNA) levels has been reported in patients with acute myocardial infarction. However, it is still unclear from which part of the myocardium or under what conditions miRNAs are released into circulating blood. The purpose of this study was to identify the source of elevated levels of circulating miRNAs and their function in cardiovascular diseases.

Methods and Results—

Serum levels of miRNA (miR)-1 and miR-133a were increased significantly in patients not only with acute myocardial infarction but also with unstable angina pectoris and Takotsubo cardiomyopathy without elevation of serum creatine phosphokinase or cardiac troponin. MicroRNA microarray analysis of the heart from a mouse model of myocardial infarction indicated that the levels of miR-1, miR-133a, miR-208a, and miR-499 were significantly reduced in the infarcted myocardium. In situ hybridization of miR-133a also showed that miR-133a levels were very low in the infarcted and peri-infarcted myocardium. It has been shown that circulating miRNAs are localized inside exosomes, which are released after Ca
2+
stimulation. We stimulated H9c2 cardiomyoblasts with A23187 and measured miR-133a levels in the exosome fraction of the culture medium. A23187 induced a dose-dependent release of miR-133a, and significant elevation was observed only at concentrations where dead cells were detected. We also found that miR-133a–containing exosomes reduced the luciferase activity of 293FT cells transfected with an miR-133a sensor vector.

Conclusions—
These results suggest that elevated levels of circulating miR-133a in patients with cardiovascular diseases originate mainly from the injured myocardium. Circulating miR-133a can be used as a marker for cardiomyocyte death, and it may have functions in cardiovascular diseases.
Pyochelin isolated from Burkholderia arboris KRICT1 carried by pine wood nematodes exhibits phytotoxicity in pine callus
Authors: Le Dang Quang , Son Seung Wan , Cheon Hyang-Mi , Choi Gyung Ja , Choi Yong Ho , Jang Kyoung Soo , Lim Chi Hwan , Kim Jin-Cheol 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Pine wilt disease is a very complex disease known to be caused by the pine
wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and its
accompanying bacteria. The phytotoxin-producing bacteria have been reported
to be involved in the development of pine wilt disease. In this study, we
attempted to characterise phytotoxins produced by Burkholderia
arboris KRICT1, which was carried by the pine wood nematode. It
produced phytotoxic compounds in the pine seedling assay, and the ethyl
acetate (EtOAc) layer of the fermentation broth of the strain displayed
phytotoxic activity on the pine callus of Pinus densiflora.
One active compound was isolated from the EtOAc layer by repeated Sephadex
LH-20 column chromatography and preparative TLC. Using mainly mass
spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, the chemical
structure was determined to be that of pyochelin (a mixture of two
interconvertible diastereoisomers, pyochelin I and II). Pyochelin exposure
reduced the viability of pine callus. Compared with phenylacetic acid, a
phytotoxin produced by Bacillus spp. that was transmitted
by B. xylophilus in Japan, pyochelin showed much stronger
phytotoxicity. The results suggested that pyochelin might play a role in the
wilting process of pine wilt disease.
Two unusually slender nematode species of Trischistoma Cobb, 1913 (Enoplida: Tripylidae)
Authors: Andrássy István 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTwo new species of Trischistoma are described from Chile and differ from their relatives, and also from the majority of free-living continental nematodes, by their long and exceedingly slender body. Trischistoma tenuissimum sp. n. is characterised by a 4.0-4.2 mm long body, a = 94-112, presence of long post-vulval uterine sac, female tail 7.6 anal body diam. long, three weak precloacal papillae and 60 μm long spicules. Trischistoma subtilissimum sp. n. is 2.9-3.5 mm long with a = 123-146, has a very long post-vulval uterine sac, a female tail 12-14 anal body diam. long, 2-3 weak precloacal papillae and 38-40 μm long spicules.
Cervidellus sonorensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Cephalobidae) from the desert of Anza-Borrego, CA, USA
Authors: Ragsdale Erik J. , -Ocampo Manuel Mundo , Bumbarger Daniel J. , Baldwin James G. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Cervidellus sonorensis n. sp. is described from sand near
the roots of creosote bush (Larrea tridentata) from
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, CA, USA. It is distinguished from others in
the genus by the combination of a greatly distended, guitar-shaped corpus
and the morphology of the lips and labial probolae. Distinctive features
include a large pharyngeal metacorpus with a double swelling, a knob-like
ledge at the base of each labial probola and lips with five filamentous
tines, the most apical of which are those closest to the primary axil. One
male individual was discovered in this parthenogenetic species. Characters
used to diagnose C. sonorensis n. sp. are not definitive
with respect to other genera and are probably plesiomorphic or convergent in
light of DNA-based phylogenetic hypotheses. The position of C.
sonorensis n. sp. and morphologically close congeners in
relation to species of Nothacrobeles and
Paracrobeles is discussed.
The Contribution of Orographically Driven Banded Precipitation to the Rainfall Climatology of a Mediterranean Region
Authors: Godart Angélique , Anquetin Sandrine , Leblois Etienne , Creutin Jean-Dominique 
Published: June 2011

AbstractStudies carried out worldwide show that topography influences rainfall climatology. As in most western Mediterranean regions, the mountainous Cévennes–Vivarais area in France regularly experiences extreme precipitation that may lead to devastating flash floods. Global warming could further aggravate this situation, but this possibility cannot be confirmed without first improving the understanding of the role of topography in the regional climate and, in particular, for extreme rainfall events. This paper focuses on organized banded rainfall and evaluates its contribution to the rainfall climatology of this region. Stationary rainfall systems made up of such bands are triggered and enhanced by small-scale interactions between the atmospheric flow and the relief. Rainbands are associated with shallow convection and are also present in deep-convection events for specific flux directions. Such precipitation patterns are difficult to observe both with operational weather radar networks, which are not designed to observe low-level convection within complex terrain, and with rain gauge networks, for which gauge spacing is typically larger than the bandwidth. A weather class of banded orographic shallow-convection events is identified, and the contribution of such events to annual or seasonal precipitation over the region is assessed. Moreover, a method is also proposed to quantify the contribution of banded convection during specific deep-convection events. It is shown that even though these orographically driven banded precipitation events produce moderate precipitation intensities they have long durations and therefore represent a significant amount of the rainfall climatology of the region, producing up to 40% of long-term total precipitation at certain locations.
Position of the Bony Bridge of Lateral Meniscal Transplants Can Affect Meniscal Extrusion
Authors: Choi Nam-Hong , Yoo Soon-Yong , Victoroff Brian N. 
Published: June 2011

Background: There are several reported causes of midbody extrusion after lateral meniscal allograft transplantation. However, there are no reports studying the correlation between the position of the bony bridge and extrusion of the midbody after meniscal allograft transplantation. Hypothesis: The position of the bony bridge of lateral meniscal allografts can affect meniscal extrusion. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Twenty-three consecutive patients underwent a lateral meniscal allograft transplantation using a fresh-frozen graft. The lateral meniscal allograft was prepared with a bony bridge. Postoperative evaluations of the meniscal allografts were performed using follow-up magnetic resonance imaging 6 months postoperatively. On the coronal view, extrusion was measured as the distance between the outer edge of the articular cartilage of the lateral tibial plateau and the outer edge of the meniscal allograft. On the axial view, the length of the entire tibial plateau (PL) and distance between the lateral edge of the lateral tibial plateau and center of the bony bridge (CB) were measured. Measurements of CB were divided by measurements of PL. The correlation test between CB/PL and extrusion was performed to determine whether the position of the bony bridge can affect extrusion of the midbody of meniscal allograft. Results: The mean center of the bony bridge of the meniscal allograft (CB/PL) was positioned at 42.3% (range, 36.1%-49%; standard deviation [SD] = 3.6%) from the outer edge of the lateral tibial plateau. The mean extrusion of meniscal allografts was 3.2 mm (range, 0-6.5 mm; SD = 2.3). The amount of extrusion was correlated with the position of the bony bridge of the graft and the Pearson correlation coefficient was –.567 ( P = .003). The cut-off percentage above which extrusion did not occur was 42.05%. Conclusion: The more closely the center of the bony bridge approached 50% of the entire tibial plateau, the less extrusion of the midbody occurred. Anatomic placement of the bony bridge of lateral meniscal allograft is imperative to prevent extrusion after lateral meniscal allograft transplantation.
Epidemiology of Patellar Tendinopathy in Elite Male Soccer Players
Authors: Hägglund Martin , Zwerver Johannes , Ekstrand Jan 
Published: June 2011

Background: Patellar tendinopathy is common among athletes in jumping sports and in sports with prolonged repetitive stress of the knee extensor apparatus. The epidemiology in soccer is not well described. Purpose: This study was undertaken to investigate and describe the epidemiology of patellar tendinopathy in elite male soccer players and evaluate potential risk factors. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Between 2001 and 2009, the authors followed 51 European elite soccer clubs (2229 players) from 3 different cohorts: the Swedish First League cohort (SWE) and Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) Champions League cohort (UCL), both playing on natural grass; and the Artifical Turf cohort (ART), playing on third-generation artificial turf. Individual player exposure in training and matches and time-loss injuries were recorded. Results: In total, 137 patellar tendinopathies were recorded, comprising 1.5% of all injuries and corresponding to an incidence of 0.12 injuries/1000 hours. Each season, 2.4% of players were affected, with most injuries (61%) resulting in absence up to 1 week or less. Twenty percent of tendinopathies were recurrent complaints. No significant difference in season prevalence (odds ratio [OR], 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60-1.44; P = .74) or incidence (rate ratio [RR] 1.20; 95% CI, 0.82-1.75; P = .36) was observed between teams playing on artificial turf and natural grass, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that a high total exposure hours (OR, 1.02 per 10-hour increase; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04; P = .033) was a significant risk factor for patellar tendinopathy, and increased body mass was borderline significant (OR, 1.15 per 5-kg increase; 95% CI, 1.00-1.33; P = .055). In addition, 2 acute partial tendon ruptures were recorded, but no total rupture. Conclusion: Although mainly mild in nature, patellar tendinopathy is a fairly common condition in elite soccer and the recurrence rate is high. Exposure to artificial turf did not increase the prevalence or incidence of injury. High total amount of exposure was identified as a risk factor for patellar tendinopathy.
Specialized cardiological care may be overutilized in urban areas of Québec
Authors: Cohen Alan A , Vanasse Alain , Courteau Josiane ,   (for the PRIMUS research group)
Published: June 2011

Background: Urban/rural differences in secondary cardiovascular disease (CVD) events have previously been observed for Québec. These differences could be attributable to differential utilization of specialized cardiological care, such as revascularization procedures and visits to cardiologists; if this were the case, policies to increase utilization in rural areas would be indicated. Design: This is a population-based cohort study. Methods: We analysed mortality and hospital re-admission in Québec within 1 year after an initial cardiovascular event in relation to urban/rural location and specialized care utilization, controlling for demography, comorbidities, and cumulative hospitalization. Results: Analysis showed higher hospital re-admissions and slightly lower CVD mortality in rural areas, as well as less use of specialized care in rural areas. However, urban/rural differentials were not attributable to differences in utilization of care. Paradoxically, comorbidities were lower among patients who saw specialists. Conclusions: Ultimately, urban/rural differences in secondary CVD outcomes were not attributable to differences in care utilization or our measures of underlying health status, and were likely due to cultural or lifestyle factors that are both hard to model and hard to change through policy. There appears to be overutilization of specialized care in urban areas, an issue which requires further study. Our results suggest that substantial caution is required when interpreting health service usage data and that critical factors in the relationship between specialized cardiological care and outcomes are still poorly understood at a population level.
Generation of a multipathogen-specific T-cell product for adoptive immunotherapy based on activation-dependent expression of CD154
Authors: Khanna Nina , Stuehler Claudia , Conrad Barbara , Lurati Sarah , Krappmann Sven , Einsele Hermann , Berges Carsten , Topp Max S. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Viral and fungal infections remain a leading cause of mortality in patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Adoptive transfer of multipathogen-specific T cells is promising in restoring immunity and thereby preventing and treating infections, but approaches are currently limited because of time-consuming and laborious procedures. Therefore, we investigated a new strategy to simultaneously select T cells specific for viral and fungal pathogens based on activation-dependent expression of CD154. Single- and multipathogen-specific T-cell lines with high specificity for adenovirus (AdV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), Candida albicans, and/or Aspergillus fumigatus could be readily generated within 14 days irrespective of the precursor frequency. The T-cell lines responded reproducibly to endogenously processed antigen and specifically proliferated upon antigenic stimulation. Although isolation based on CD154 favors enrichment of CD4+ T cells, AdV-, EBV- and CMV-specific CD8+ T cells could be expanded and demonstrated lysis of target cells. Conversely, T cell–mediated alloreactivity was almost abrogated compared with the starting fraction. This selection and/or expansion strategy may form the basis for future adoptive immunotherapy trials in patients at risk for multiple infections and may be translated to other antigens.
NFATc3 regulates the transcription of genes involved in T-cell activation and angiogenesis
Authors: Urso Katia , Alfranca Arantzazu , Martínez-Martínez Sara , Escolano Amelia , Ortega Inmaculada , Rodríguez Antonio , Redondo Juan Miguel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors plays important roles in many biologic processes, including the development and function of the immune and vascular systems. Cells usually express more than one NFAT member, raising the question of whether NFATs play overlapping roles or if each member has selective functions. Using mRNA knock-down, we show that NFATc3 is specifically required for IL2 and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) gene expression in transformed and primary T cells and for T-cell proliferation. We also show that NFATc3 regulates COX2 in endothelial cells, where it is required for COX2, dependent migration and angiogenesis in vivo. These results indicate that individual NFAT members mediate specific functions through the differential regulation of the transcription of target genes. These effects, observed on short-term suppression by mRNA knock-down, are likely to have been masked by compensatory effects in gene-knockout studies.
Restriction of HIV-1 replication in macrophages and CD4+ T cells from HIV controllers
Authors: Sáez-Cirión Asier , Hamimi Chiraz , Bergamaschi Anna , David Annie , Versmisse Pierre , Mélard Adeline , Boufassa Faroudy , Barré-Sinoussi Françoise , Lambotte Olivier , Rouzioux Christine , Pancino Gianfranco ,   for the ANRS CO18 Cohort
Published: June 2011

AbstractHow HIV controllers (HICs) maintain undetectable viremia without therapy is unknown. The strong CD8+ T-cell HIV suppressive capacity found in many, but not all, HICs may contribute to long-lasting viral control. However, other earlier defense mechanisms may be involved. Here, we examined intrinsic HIC cell resistance to HIV-1 infection. After in vitro challenge, monocyte-derived macrophages and anti–CD3-activated CD4+ T cells from HICs showed low HIV-1 susceptibility. CD4 T-cell resistance was independent of HIV-1 coreceptors and affected also SIVmac infection. CD4+ T cells from HICs expressed ex vivo higher levels of p21Waf1/Cip1, which has been involved in the control of HIV-1 replication, than cells from control subjects. However, HIV restriction in anti–CD3-activated CD4+ T cells and macrophages was not associated with p21 expression. Restriction inhibited accumulation of reverse transcripts, leading to reduction of HIV-1 integrated proviruses. The block could be overcome by high viral inocula, suggesting the action of a saturable mechanism. Importantly, cell-associated HIV-1 DNA load was extremely low in HICs and correlated with CD4+ T-cell permissiveness to infection. These results point to a contribution of intrinsic cell resistance to the control of infection and the containment of viral reservoir in HICs.
A honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) PeptideAtlas crossing castes and tissues
Authors: Chan Queenie WT , Parker Robert , Sun Zhi , Deutsch Eric W , Foster Leonard J 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Background
Honey bees are a mainstay of agriculture, contributing billions of dollars through their pollination activities. Bees have been a model system for sociality and group behavior for decades but only recently have molecular techniques been brought to study this fascinating and valuable organism. With the release of the first draft of its genome in 2006, proteomics of bees became feasible and over the past five years we have amassed in excess of 5E+6 MS/MS spectra. The lack of a consolidated platform to organize this massive resource hampers our ability, and that of others, to mine the information to its maximum potential.

Results
Here we introduce the Honey Bee PeptideAtlas, a web-based resource for visualizing mass spectrometry data across experiments, providing protein descriptions and Gene Ontology annotations where possible. We anticipate that this will be helpful in planning proteomics experiments, especially in the selection of transitions for selected reaction monitoring. Through a proteogenomics effort, we have used MS/MS data to anchor the annotation of previously undescribed genes and to re-annotate previous gene models in order to improve the current genome annotation.

Conclusions
The Honey Bee PeptideAtlas will contribute to the efficiency of bee proteomics and accelerate our understanding of this species. This publicly accessible and interactive database is an important framework for the current and future analysis of mass spectrometry data.
Genomic comparison of multi-drug resistant invasive and colonizing Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from diverse human body sites reveals genomic plasticity
Authors: Sahl Jason W , Johnson J Kristie , Harris Anthony D , Phillippy Adam M , Hsiao William W , Thom Kerri A , Rasko David A 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Background

Acinetobacter baumannii has recently emerged as a significant global pathogen, with a surprisingly rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance and spread within hospitals and health care institutions. This study examines the genomic content of three A. baumannii strains isolated from distinct body sites. Isolates from blood, peri-anal, and wound sources were examined in an attempt to identify genetic features that could be correlated to each isolation source.

Results
Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multi-locus sequence typing and antibiotic resistance profiles demonstrated genotypic and phenotypic variation. Each isolate was sequenced to high-quality draft status, which allowed for comparative genomic analyses with existing A. baumannii genomes. A high resolution, whole genome alignment method detailed the phylogenetic relationships of sequenced A. baumannii and found no correlation between phylogeny and body site of isolation. This method identified genomic regions unique to both those isolates found on the surface of the skin or in wounds, termed colonization isolates, and those identified from body fluids, termed invasive isolates; these regions may play a role in the pathogenesis and spread of this important pathogen. A PCR-based screen of 74 A. baumanii isolates demonstrated that these unique genes are not exclusive to either phenotype or isolation source; however, a conserved genomic region exclusive to all sequenced A. baumannii was identified and verified.

Conclusions
The results of the comparative genome analysis and PCR assay show that A. baumannii is a diverse and genomically variable pathogen that appears to have the potential to cause a range of human disease regardless of the isolation source.