bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of circulating microRNAs associated with human prostate cancer using a mouse model of disease
Authors: Selth Luke A. , Townley Scott , Gillis Joanna L. , Ochnik Aleksandra M. , Murti Krisna , Macfarlane Robyn J. , Chi Kim N. , Marshall Villis R. , Tilley Wayne D. , Butler Lisa M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCirculating microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as useful non‐invasive markers of disease. The objective of this study was to use a mouse model of prostate cancer as a tool to discover serum miRNAs that could be assessed in a clinical setting. Global miRNA profiling identified 46 miRNAs at significantly altered levels (p ≤ 0.05) in the serum of TRansgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mice with advanced prostate cancer compared to healthy controls. A subset of these miRNAs with known human homologues were validated in an independent cohort of mice and then measured in serum from men with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC; n = 25) or healthy men (n = 25). Four miRNAs altered in mice, mmu‐miR‐141, mmu‐miR‐298, mmu‐miR‐346 and mmu‐miR‐375, were also found to be at differential levels in the serum of men with mCRPC. Three of these (hsa‐miR‐141, hsa‐miR‐298 and hsa‐miR‐375) were upregulated in prostate tumors compared with normal prostate tissue, suggesting that they are released into the blood as disease progresses. Moreover, the intra‐tumoral expression of hsa‐miR‐141 and hsa‐miR‐375 were predictors of biochemical relapse after surgery. This study is the first to demonstrate that specific serum miRNAs are common between human prostate cancer and a mouse model of the disease, highlighting the potential of such models for the discovery of novel biomarkers.
Apheresis medicine state of the art in 2010: American Society for Apheresis fifth special edition of the Journal of Clinical Apheresis
Authors: Winters Jeffrey L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe quality of evidence supporting the use of apheresis in the treatment of individual diseases and disorders is often limited. For most diseases and disorders, randomized controlled trials of the use of apheresis have not been performed and for many, due to rarity of the condition, it is unlikely that they will ever be performed. In keeping with its vision, the American Society for Apheresis (ASFA) has created and regularly updated guidelines on the use of apheresis in the treatment of disease. These guidelines seek to summarize the literature on the use of apheresis in treating diseases, provide a critical review of this literature, and give practical guidance to apheresis practitioners. The most recent ASFA guidelines were published in 2010. This article reviews the history of the ASFA guidelines, the changes that were made in the 2010 guidelines, and future directions and plans for these guidelines. The 2010 ASFA guidelines on the use of therapeutic apheresis in clinical practice represent the state of the art in apheresis medicine in 2010. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) is a key mediator of insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) activity
Authors: Potter Adam S. , Casa Angelo J. , Lee Adrian V. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe insulin‐like growth factor receptor (IGF‐IR) has been implicated in a number of human tumors, including breast cancer. Data from human breast tumors has demonstrated that IGF‐IR is over‐expressed and hyper‐phosphorylated. Additionally, microarray analysis has shown that IGF‐I treatment of MCF7 cells leads to a gene signature comprised of induced and repressed genes, which correlated with luminal B tumors. FOXA1, a forkhead family transcription factor, has been shown to be crucial for mammary ductal morphogenesis, similar to IGF‐IR, and expressed at high levels in luminal subtype B breast tumors. Here, we investigated the relationship between FOXA1 and IGF‐I action in breast cancer cells. We show that genes regulated by IGF‐I are enriched for FOXA1 binding sites, and knock down of FOXA1 blocked the ability of IGF‐I to regulate gene expression. IGF‐I treatment of MCF7 cells increased the half‐life of FOXA1 protein and this increase in half‐life appeared to be dependent on canonical IGF‐I signal transduction through both MAPK and AKT pathways. Finally, knock down of FOXA1 led to a decreased ability of IGF‐I to induce proliferation and protect against apoptosis. Together, these results demonstrate that IGF‐I can increase the stability of FOXA1 protein expression and place it as a critical mediator of IGF‐I regulation of gene expression and IGF‐I‐mediated biological responses. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 110–121, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Recovery of ΔF508‐CFTR function by analogs of hyaluronan disaccharide
Authors: Nowakowska Ewa , Schulz Tobias , Molenda Natalia , Schillers Hermann , Prehm Peter 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe recently discovered that hyaluronan was exported from fibroblasts by MRP5 and from epithelial cells by cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) that was known as a chloride channel. On this basis we developed membrane permeable analogs of hyaluronan disaccharide as new class of compounds to modify their efflux. We found substances that activated hyaluronan export from human breast cancer cells. The most active compound 2‐(2‐acetamido‐3,5‐dihydroxyphenoxy)‐5‐aminobenzoic acid (Hylout4) was tested for its influence on the activity of epithelial cells. It activated the ion efflux by normal and defective ΔF508‐CFTR. It also enhanced the plasma membrane concentration of the ΔF508‐CFTR protein and reduced the transepithelial resistance of epithelial cells. In human trials of healthy persons, it caused an opening of CFTR in the nasal epithelium. Thus compound Hylout4 is a corrector that recovered ΔF508‐CFTR from intracellular degradation and activated its export function. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 156–164, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of stress, depression, and their interaction on heart rate, skin conductance, finger temperature, and respiratory rate: sympathetic‐parasympathetic hypothesis of stress and depression
Authors: Lin Hsiao‐Pei , Lin Hung‐Yu , Lin Wei‐Lun , Huang Andrew Chih‐Wei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe examined effects of stress, depression, and their interaction on sympathetic‐parasympathetic responses, including percentage heart rate (PHR), percentage skin conductance (PSC), percentage finger temperature (PTEMP), and percentage respiratory rate (PRESPR). Participants were categorized into normal, low‐risk, and high‐risk depression groups under stress or no‐stress by measuring psychophysiological responses. Stress increased PHR and PSC and decreased PTEMP. Depression negatively correlated with PHR and PTEMP. PSC and PTEMP were significantly dependent on and positively correlated with depression. PTEMP was significantly affected by the stress and depression interaction. Stress affects sympathetic, rather than parasympathetic, activity. Depression and the interaction between stress and depression initially associated with the sympathetic division and are then correlated with parasympathetic activity. A sympathetic‐parasympathetic hypothesis and its clinical implications are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 67:1–12, 2011.
The future of dry and wet spells in Europe: a comprehensive study based on the ENSEMBLES regional climate models
Authors: Heinrich Georg , Gobiet Andreas 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUnder the aspect of future climate change, it is important for decision makers to know how drought conditions might change on the regional scale in order to map out adequate adaptation and mitigation strategies. Recent RCM simulations provided by the ENSEMBLES project are used to analyse changes in dry and wet conditions in Europe by the mid of the 21st century under the A1B emission scenario. Eight RCMs are selected to capture the uncertainties of the projected changes. An empirical statistical error correction approach is applied to modelled daily mean air temperature and precipitation amount to account for RCM errors, and commonly used drought indices—the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the self calibrated Palmer Z‐Index (scZI) and Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI)—are calculated. Changes in the mean, in interannual variability, and in frequency, length, distance, magnitude, and area of dry and wet events are investigated. The statistical significance of the projected multi‐model mean changes and the according uncertainties are analysed for nine European subregions. Furthermore, distributional changes of the dry and wet spell characteristics are assessed. Changes in the mean, and in dry and wet event characteristics show the most pronounced changes towards drier and wetter conditions in the southern‐ and northernmost European subregions, respectively. Here, the changes are highly significant and confident, while the projected changes are more dissonant for the other subregions. Severe changes in the extremes of event length, distance, magnitude, and area particularly arise in the southern‐ and northernmost European subregions. The projected changes in interannual variability are less significant and confident. However, significantly increasing interannual variability is projected in regions with pronounced changes in the mean towards wetter as well as towards drier conditions. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis secondary to urachal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Krane L. Spencer , Kader A. Karim , Levine Edward A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesUrachal adenocarcinoma with peritoneal dissemination is an unusual presentation of a rare disease. It is associated with patients experiencing significant pain, poor outcomes, and historical median survival times between 12 and 24 months. We describe our 18‐year experience in managing these patients with cytoreductive surgery (CRS) followed by hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC).MethodsFive patients who underwent six CRS with HIPEC for disseminated urachal cancer were identified. Demographics, perioperative data, and oncologic results were reviewed.ResultsAll patients successfully completed CRS followed by HIPEC with Mitomycin C. Three patients had prior urachal mass excision and one had previous cystoprostatectomy with ileal conduit. At time of surgery, complete resection of all visible disease was only achieved in two patients. All patients developed local or distant disease recurrence at a median of 13 months postoperatively (range 7–31). The majority of patients (3/5) underwent postoperative intravenous chemotherapy for recurrence (2) or residual disease (1). All patients died of their disease, with median survival following date of surgery of 27 months (range 21–87). Symptomatic control of peritoneal disease was achieved in 2/5 (40%) of the cases.ConclusionsUrachal adenocarcinoma with peritoneal dissemination is an aggressive, rare disease, which is uniformly fatal. In our experience, CRS followed by HIPEC with Mitomycin C may increase patient survival and palliation, although further treatment improvements are clearly required. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:258–260. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Shared traumatic stress and the long‐term impact of 9/11 on Manhattan clinicians
Authors: Tosone Carol , McTighe John P. , Bauwens Jennifer , Naturale April 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA sample of 481 social workers from Manhattan participated in a study of the impact of the September 11, 2001 (9/11) World Trade Center (WTC) attacks. A variety of risk factors associated with posttraumatic stress and secondary trauma were examined in relation to shared traumatic stress (STS), a supraordinate construct reflecting the dual nature of exposure to traumatic events. Risk factors included attachment style, exposure to potentially traumatic life events, and enduring distress attributed to the WTC attacks. It was expected that clinicians' resilience would mediate the relationship between these risk factors and STS. Using path analytic modeling, the findings support the study's hypotheses that insecure attachment, greater exposure to potentially traumatic life events in general, and the events of 9/11 in particular are predictive of higher levels of STS. Contrary to expectation, enduring distress attributed to 9/11 was not associated with resilience. Resilience, however, was found to be a mediator of the relationships between insecure attachment, exposure to potentially traumatic life events, and STS but did not mediate the relationship between enduring distress attributed to 9/11 and STS. Implications for theory, research, and practice are discussed.
Kinetics of the reactions of OH radicals with 2‐methoxy‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, diethylamine, and 1,1,3,3,3‐pentamethyldisiloxan‐1‐ol at 298 ± 2 K
Authors: Tuazon Ernesto C. , Martin Pilar , Aschmann Sara M. , Arey Janet , Atkinson Roger 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRate constants for the reactions of 2‐methoxy‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, diethylamine, and 1,1,3,3,3‐pentamethyldisiloxan‐1‐ol with OH radicals have been measured at 298 ± 2 K using a relative rate method. The measured rate constants (cm3 molecule−1 s−1) are (1.54 ± 0.21) × 10−12 for 2‐methoxy‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, (1.19 ± 0.25) × 10−10 for diethylamine, and (1.76 ± 0.38) × 10−12 for 1,1,3,3,3‐pentamethyldisiloxan‐1‐ol, where the indicated errors are the estimated overall uncertainties including those in the rate constants for the reference compounds. No reaction of 2‐methoxy‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyridine with gaseous nitric acid was observed, and an upper limit to the rate constant for the reaction of 1,1,3,3,3‐pentamethyldisiloxan‐1‐ol with O3 of <7 × 10− 20 cm3 molecule−1 s−1 was determined. Using a 12‐h average daytime OH radical concentration of 2 × 106 molecule cm−3, the lifetimes of the volatile organic compounds studied here with respect to reaction with OH radicals are 7.5 days for 2‐methoxy‐6‐(trifluoromethyl)pyridine, 1.2 h for diethylamine, and 6.6 days for 1,1,3,3,3‐pentamethyldisiloxan‐1‐ol. Likely reaction mechanisms are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 43: 631–638, 2011
Nano/Microstructural Effect of Hydroxyapatite Nanocrystals on Hepatocyte Cell Aggregation and Adhesion
Authors: Tagaya Motohiro , Yamazaki Tomohiko , Tsuya Daiji , Sugimoto Yoshimasa , Hanagata Nobutaka , Ikoma Toshiyuki 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHepatocyte cell aggregation and adhesion to HAp nanocrystals covered with SU‐8 polymer micropatterns by nano/microfabrication techniques is demonstrated. The surface roughness and wettability of the HAp nanocrystals are significantly different from those of the SU‐8 polymer. QCM‐D and microscopic observation clearly reveal that the cells realize the surface properties to form aggregation and preferentially adhere to the HAp nanocrystals at 2 h after seeding, indicating the importance of the microstructures as well as the interfacial phenomena at a nanometer scale. magnified image
Template‐Assisted Fabrication of Highly Ordered Interpenetrating Polymeric Donor/Acceptor Nanostructures for Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: Haberkorn Niko , Kim Sehee , Kim Ki‐Se , Sommer Michael , Thelakkat Mukundun , Sohn Byeong‐Hyeok , Theato Patrick 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe template‐assisted fabrication of well‐ordered interpenetrating donor/acceptor nanostruc‐tures based on polymeric semiconductors on conductive substrates is reported. Arrays of free‐standing crosslinked tetraphenylbenzidine based nanorods are fabricated utilizing sacriﬁcial AAO templates. TEM conﬁrms the obtained donor/acceptor nanostructure morphology. The embedded nanorods show no aggregation and collapse of the rods within the ﬁlm. Photoluminescence measurements reveal a more than three fold improvement in photoluminescence quenching relative to the planar bilayer architecture. The approach offers a versatile all‐solution‐based technique for the fabrication of well‐ordered bulk heterojunction ﬁlms with a large donor/acceptor interface for the application in polymer/polymer photovoltaic devices.magnified image
Statistical Optimization of Ternary Blends of Poly(lactic acid)/Ethylene Acrylate Copolymer/Wood Flour Composites
Authors: Afrifah Kojo A. , Matuana Laurent M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFactorial design analyses and numerical optimization are performed to establish material compositions (wood flour content, particle size, and impact modifier content) and mechanical property relationships for PLA/wood flour composites. Numerical optimization produces two scenarios based on materials compositions to manufacture composites with similar mechanical properties as unfilled PLA. High wood flour and impact modifier contents are required for composites made with fine wood flour particles, whereas the formulation requires low wood flour content and excludes impact modifiers for composites with coarse wood flour particles. These optimization solutions are validated experimentally.magnified image
Thermal Conductivity of Rubber Compounds Versus the State of Cure
Authors: Cheheb Zied , Mousseau Pierre , Sarda Alain , Deterre Rémi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe thermal conductivity of a rubber compound is studied as a function of its state of curing. The device is presented and the calculations in order to obtain samples with controlled and homogeneous vulcanization rates are performed. The hot disk technique is used to measure the thermal conductivity of the rubber. This transient, plane‐source and non‐destructive method allows rapid and accurate measurement of the thermal conductivity based on the measurement of the electrical resistance of a plane sensor placed between two identical samples. The obtained results show that the thermal conductivity may vary significantly as a function of vulcanization rate. The effect of this variation on the prediction of the reaction progress is discussed.magnified image
Rat eggs cannot wait: Spontaneous exit from meiotic metaphase‐II arrest
Authors: Chebotareva Tatiana , Taylor Jane , Mullins John J. , Wilmut Ian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMammalian eggs await fertilisation while arrested at the second metaphase stage of meiotic division. A network of signalling pathways enables the establishment and maintenance of this metaphase‐II arrest. In the absence of fertilisation, mammalian eggs can spontaneously exit metaphase II when parthenogenetically stimulated, or sometimes without any obvious stimulation. Ovulated rat eggs abortively release from metaphase‐II arrest once removed from egg donors. Spontaneously activated rat eggs extrude the second polar body and proceed to the so‐called metaphase III‐‘like’ stage, with clumps of condensed chromatin scattered in the egg cytoplasm. It is still unclear what makes rat eggs susceptible to spontaneous activation; however, a vague picture of the signalling pathways involved in the process of spontaneous activation is beginning to emerge. Such cell cycle instability is one of the major reasons why it is more difficult to establish nuclear transfer in the rat. This review examines the known predisposing factors and biochemical mechanisms involved in spontaneous activation. The strategies used to prevent spontaneous metaphase‐II release in rat eggs will also be discussed. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 78:795–807, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Precipitation Copolymerization of Vinyl‐Imidazole and Vinyl‐Pyrrolidone, 1 – Experimental Analysis
Authors: Arosio Paolo , Mosconi Matteo , Storti Giuseppe , Morbidelli Massimo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe precipitation copolymerization of two water‐soluble monomers, vinyl‐imidazole and vinyl‐pyrrolidone, carried out in butylacetate is investigated for the first time. Compared to classical solution polymerization it is found that much larger molecular weights are obtained. Such large polymer chains are formed by a crosslinking reaction occurring in the precipitated polymer particles. The dependence of the reaction kinetics on operating parameters such as monomer mixture composition (from vinyl‐imidazole homopolymer to the 50/50 copolymer), monomer mixture holdup, initiator amount, and stirring rate has been elucidated. Notably, it is found that the polymerization kinetics is independent of the particle size distribution (PSD). Therefore, the polymerization mechanism and the morphology of the precipitating particles can be investigated separately. The final PSD is broad and bimodal, with a first mode at around 10 µm, corresponding to clusters of nucleated primary particles, and a second larger mode at around 100 µm, corresponding to aggregates of such clusters. The smaller clusters show fractal geometry, with a fractal dimension of ∼2.5, corresponding to quite compact aggregates. The size of the two peaks, the ratio between the two modes and the time evolution of the PSD are all depending on the aggregation/breakage processes in the reactor, which are affected by operational parameters like the copolymer composition and the shear rate.magnified image
Absolute cerebral blood flow quantification with pulsed arterial spin labeling during hyperoxia corrected with the simultaneous measurement of the longitudinal relaxation time of arterial blood
Authors: Pilkinton David T. , Hiraki Teruyuki , Detre John A. , Greenberg Joel H. , Reddy Ravinder 
Published: September 2011

AbstractQuantitative arterial spin labeling (ASL) estimates of cerebral blood flow (CBF) during oxygen inhalation are important in several contexts, including functional experiments calibrated with hyperoxia and studies investigating the effect of hyperoxia on regional CBF. However, ASL measurements of CBF during hyperoxia are confounded by the reduction in the longitudinal relaxation time of arterial blood (T1a) from paramagnetic molecular oxygen dissolved in blood plasma. The aim of this study is to accurately quantify the effect of arbitrary levels of hyperoxia on T1a and correct ASL measurements of CBF during hyperoxia on a per‐subject basis. To mitigate artifacts, including the inflow of fresh spins, partial voluming, pulsatility, and motion, a pulsed ASL approach was implemented for in vivo measurements of T1a in the rat brain at 3 Tesla. After accounting for the effect of deoxyhemoglobin dilution, the relaxivity of oxygen on blood was found to closely match phantom measurements. The results of this study suggest that the measured ASL signal changes are dominated by reductions in T1a for brief hyperoxic inhalation epochs, while the physiologic effects of oxygen on the vasculature account for most of the measured reduction in CBF for longer hyperoxic exposures. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.