bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ACL reconstruction using bone‐tendon‐bone graft engineered from the semitendinosus tendon by injection of recombinant BMP‐2 in a rabbit model
Authors: Hashimoto Yusuke , Naka Yoshifumi , Fukunaga Kenji , Nakamura Hiroaki , Takaoka Kunio 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe attempted to generate a bone‐tendon‐bone structure by injecting human‐type recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2) into the semitendinosus tendon, and an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) defect was reconstructed by grafting the engineered bone‐tendon‐bone graft. Two ossicles with a separation distance of 1 cm were generated within the left semitendinosus tendon of a rabbit 6 weeks after the injection of rhBMP‐2 (15 µg at each site). The engineered bone‐tendon‐bone graft was transplanted in order to reconstruct the ACL by passing the graft through the bone tunnels. In the control group, the ACL was reconstructed with the semitendinosus tendon without BMP‐2 using the same methods as those used in the experimental group. The animals were harvested at 4 or 8 weeks after surgery and examined by radiographic, histological, and biomechanical methods. In the experimental group, ossicles in the bone‐tendon‐bone graft were successfully integrated into the host bone of the femur and tibia. Histological analysis revealed that characteristic features identical to the normal direct insertion morphology had been restored. Biomechanical pull‐out testing showed that the ultimate failure load and stiffness of the reconstructed ACL in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at both 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.05). These results indicate the potential of regenerative reconstruction of the ACL, and the reconstruction resulted in the restoration of morphology and function equivalent to those of the normal ACL. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1923–1930, 2011
Calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) signaling in cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) particles‐induced tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα) secretion in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes
Authors: Orhue Vbenosawemwinghaye , Kanaji Arihiko , Caicedo Marco S. , Virdi Amarjit S. , Sumner Dale R. , Hallab Nadim J. , Jahr Holger , Sena Kotaro 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAseptic loosening is the devastating long term complication of total hip arthroplasty and orthopedic implant debris has been shown to trigger an intense inflammatory reaction leading to resorption of the bone matrix. Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα), have been implicated in this process and osteocytes may play a role in its production. We previously demonstrated that cobalt–chromium–molybdenum (CoCrMo) particles upregulate TNFα production by MLO‐Y4 osteocytes in vitro, but the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. Based on previous studies by others, we hypothesized that the calcineurin‐nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) pathway mediates CoCrMo particle‐induced TNFα production in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes. MLO‐Y4 osteocytes exposed to CoCrMo particle treatment resulted in a rapid and significant increase in calcineurin activity. We also demonstrate that CoCrMo particle‐induced upregulation of TNFα is reduced to control levels with calcineurin‐NFAT inhibitors and this was also confirmed at mRNA level. Moreover, we demonstrate the localization of NFATs in MLO‐Y4 osteocytes and that NFAT1 and 2 translocate to the nucleus upon CoCrMo particle treatment. Our results suggest that calcineurin‐NFAT signaling is involved in TNFα production by MLO‐Y4 osteocytes after CoCrMo particle treatment. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1867–1873, 2011
Preparative purification of gentamicin components using high‐speed counter‐current chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry
Authors: Inoue Koichi , Hattori Yasuko , Horie Masakazu , Tomoaki Hino  , Oka Hisao 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe developed a useful and preparative method based on high‐speed counter‐current chromatography with mass spectrometry (HSCCC/MS) to purify gentamicin C1a, C2/2a and C1 from standard powder. The analytes were purified on the HSCCC model CCC‐1000 (multi‐layer coil planet centrifuge) with a volatile two‐phase solvent system composed of n‐butanol/10% aqueous ammonia solution (50:50, v/v) and detected on an LCMS‐2020EV quadrupole mass spectrometer fitted with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source system in positive ionization following scan mode (m/z 100–500). The HSCCC/ESI‐MS peaks indicated that gentamicin C1a (m/z 450: [M+H]+), C2/2a (m/z 464: [M+H]+) and C1 (m/z 478: [M+H]+) have the peak resolution values of 1.3 and 1.7 from 30 mg of loaded gentamicin powder. The HSCCC yielded 3.9 mg of gentamicin C1a, 12.6 mg of gentamicin C2/2a and 12.0 mg of gentamicin C1. These purified substances were analyzed by LC/MS with scan positive‐mode. Based on the LC/MS chromatograms and spectra of the fractions, analytes were estimated to be over 95% pure. These gentamicin isomers of C1a, C2/2a and C1 were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. The overall results indicate that this approach of HSCCC/MS is a powerful technique for the purification of gentamicin components.
A new method that uses cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive to fill scoring incisions in septal cartilage correction
Authors: Özyazgan İrfan , İdacı Onurkan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Numerous methods are used in the correction of deviated septal cartilage. One of these methods is to perform partial‐thickness incisions (scoring) on the concave side of the deviated cartilage. In this retrospective report, we present a series of patients who were treated by filling the scoring incision gaps with cyanoacrylate‐based tissue adhesives to increase the effectiveness of scoring incisions and to maintain stability of the corrected concave cartilage segments.Study Design:A retrospective clinical study presenting a patient group who was treated using a new surgical method for septal deviation.Methods:Twenty‐three patients with septum deviation and nasal deformity underwent surgery with the open rhinoplasty approach. Intra‐ or extracorporeal scoring incisions were performed on the concave side of the deviated septal cartilage, and cyanoacrylate tissue adhesives were applied to the incisions of the corrected cartilage. After polymerization and hardening of the cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive, the operation continued in the normal manner. Preoperative and postoperative clinical results and computed tomography images of the patients were assessed.Results:With a mean 24‐month follow‐up, all patients with respiratory complaints related to deviated septum reported improvement in nose breathing. Clinical and radiologic observations showed that the corrected septum was stable in its new position. There were no complications arising from the use of cyanoacrylate.Conclusions:Cyanoacrylate is an effective, instant, safe method of treatment in correcting deviated septal cartilage with scoring incisions and filling the gaps of the incisions.
Genetic characteristics in children with cochlear implants and the corresponding auditory performance
Authors: Wu Chen‐Chi , Liu Tien‐Chen , Wang Shih‐Hao , Hsu Chuan‐Jen , Wu Che‐Ming 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To explore the genetic characteristics of children with cochlear implants (CIs) and to correlate the auditory performance after implantation to the genetic diagnosis of children with CIs.Study Design:Prospective cohort study.Methods:Mutations of four common deafness‐associated genes, GJB2, SLC26A4, the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene, and OTOF, were screened in 743 unrelated children with idiopathic sensorineural hearing impairment, including 180 and 563 children with and without CIs, respectively. The allele frequencies and audiologic features were compared between both groups. The Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) scores at 3 years after implantation were then analyzed according to the genotypes.Results:A definitive genetic diagnosis was made in 37 (20.6%) of the 180 CI children. A significant difference in allele frequencies between CI and non‐CI children was found in GJB2 mutations (chi‐square test, P < .01), but not in SLC26A4 mutations, mitochondrial 12S rRNA mutations, or OTOF mutations (all P > .05). Further analysis revealed that the difference might have resulted from distinct audiological features in each group. Among the 110 CI children who had received more than 3 years of rehabilitation after implantation, the 35 children with mutations had better CAP scores than the 75 children without mutations.Conclusions:A significant prevalence of genetic mutations was identified in children with CIs, suggesting the need for routine genetic assessments. The frequencies of common deafness‐associated mutations were different between children with and without CIs. The presence of genetic mutations was associated with an excellent long‐term auditory performance outcome after implantation.
Validation of edible taste strips for identifying PROP taste recognition thresholds
Authors: Desai Hetvi , Smutzer Gregory , Coldwell Susan E. , Griffith James W. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The purpose of this study was to validate the use of edible taste strips for measuring taste recognition thresholds for the bitter‐tasting compound 6‐n‐propylthiouracil (PROP).Study Design:Taste recognition thresholds for PROP were obtained by two separate methods. Thresholds were also identified in subjects whose airflow through the nose was blocked. Threshold values were then compared to genotype analysis of the TAS2R38 taste receptor, which is the major determinant for the detection of PROP.Methods:Edible taste strips were used to examine taste recognition thresholds for PROP. Thresholds were determined by the method of ascending limits and by the method of reversals. Single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of the TAS2R38 gene was used to identify PROP taster status.Results:Taste recognition thresholds for PROP formed two distributions. Thresholds for one group varied from 4 to 219 nmol and represented PROP tasters. The second group could not detect the bitter taste of PROP at ≤800 nmol and represented PROP nontasters. The method of ascending limits and the method of reversals yielded similar threshold results. The expression of a PAV allele permitted detection of PROP, but AVI homozygotes could not detect the bitter taste of PROP.Conclusions:Edible taste strips were successfully used to detect PROP thresholds at values equal to or lower than those obtained in previous studies using PROP solutions or PROP‐impregnated filter papers. This study provides validity evidence for the use of edible taste strips for identifying PROP in the human population.
The grainyhead‐like 2 gene (GRHL2) single nucleotide polymorphism is not associated with age‐related hearing impairment in Han Chinese
Authors: Lin Yan‐Han , Wu Chen‐Chi , Hsu Chuan‐Jen , Hwang Juen‐Haur , Liu Tien‐Chen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The grainyhead‐like 2 gene (GRHL2) was found to be associated with age‐related hearing impairment (ARHI) in Europeans. We tested whether the same association exists in the Han Chinese population.Study Design:Individual cohort study.Methods:Among a total of 1,175 Han Chinese volunteers, 310 were classified into the case group (the 26% with poorest hearing), and 308 were placed into the control group (the 26% with best hearing) according to the Zhigh scores converted from the original frequency‐specific hearing thresholds. The GRHL2 single nucleotide polymorphism locus (rs10955255: A/G) in intron 1 (coordinate: 102605581) shown in the HapMap was genotyped with correlation to the audiologic phenotypes.Results:The genotype distributions of GRHL2 (AA/AG/GG) were not significantly different between the control and the case groups (P = .349). Compared to genotype AA, the odds ratios of the GRHL2 genotypes AG and GG for ARHI were not significantly different after adjustment for other environmental risk factors by logistic regression analyses; 0.78 ± 0.139, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.55 ∼ 1.10, P = .160 for AG; 0.85 ± 0.283, 95% CI = 0.44 ∼ 1.63, P = .625 for GG. In each audiogram pattern, AA was most common, but the adjusted odds ratios of the genotypes AG and GG for ARHI still were not significantly different.Conclusions:Our results showed no positive association between GRHL2 polymorphisms and ARHI in Han Chinese individuals. Population differences might be a key factor leading to nonreplication of the association.
Radiofrequency tissue volume reduction for treatment of auricle keloids
Authors: Fruth Kai , Gouveris Haralampos , Kuelkens Christoph , Mann Wolf J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Keloids are often refractive to treatment, and recurrences occur quite frequently. Radiofrequency tissue volume reduction (RFTVR) is a surgical technology that induces extensive fibrosis at the target tissues.Methods:We applied RFTVR in 14 patients (19 auricles, 5 patients treated bilaterally; 9 female, 5 male; range, 10–66 years) with keloids of the auricle. Keloids were located at the earlobe in 4 patients (5 auricles), helix in 9 patients (12 auricles), and at both earlobe and helix in 1 patient (2 auricles). In 6 patients (8 auricles) RFTVR was the sole treatment modality applied, and in 7 patients (10 auricles) intralesional steroid injection was also performed. Patients underwent one to seven sessions of RFTVR. Patients were followed up between 2 and 92 months postoperatively (median, 24.5 months).Results:Good cosmetic results were achieved in 10 of 14 patients (13 auricles). Three patients (5 auricles) were refractive to treatment, and 1 patient (1 auricle) showed progressive disease despite treatment.Conclusions:Radiofrequency tissue volume reduction may be considered as a new, minimally invasive treatment option for keloids of the auricle.
Contemporary management of acoustic neuromas
Authors: Theodosopoulos Philip V. , Pensak Myles L. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:This review of the literature on vestibular schwannomas focuses on the developments in the fields of surgery, radiosurgery, and observation during the past decade that have redefined the treatment algorithm. The authors hope to derive some recommendations that are evidence based and applicable to everyday clinical practice while advancing the dialogue regarding the optimal management of these lesions.Study Design:Contemporary review.Methods:English literature search for acoustic neuroma or vestibular schwannoma.Results:Radiosurgical treatment appears to maintain strong tumor control during an ever‐increasing number of years of follow‐up. Fractionated radiation therapy, with attention to limiting the cochlear radiation dose, seems to afford the best hearing‐nerve functional outcomes. Microsurgical treatment remains the best cytoreductive therapy, and although it cannot achieve the facial and hearing nerve outcomes of radiosurgery, it is still the preferred treatment for large lesions causing mass effect and obstructive hydrocephalus. Bevacizumab holds substantial promise for the treatment of neurofibromatosis type 2–associated progressive lesions.Conclusions:Our review of the literature suggests that near‐total or extensive subtotal resection of vestibular schwannomas may confer much improved functional outcomes without significant detriment to acceptable rates of tumor control. However, further follow‐up is needed in patients treated with this relatively novel surgical paradigm.
DNA Amplification via Polymerase Chain Reaction Inside Miniemulsion Droplets with Subsequent Poly(n‐butylcyanoacrylate) Shell Formation and Delivery of Polymeric Capsules into Mammalian Cells
Authors: Baier Grit , Musyanovych Anna , Landfester Katharina , Best Andreas , Lorenz Steffen , Mailänder Volker 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThere is a growing interest in the development of stable nanocapsules that could deliver the bioactive compounds within the living organism, and to release them without causing any toxic effects. Here the miniemulsion droplets were first used as “nanoreactors” for the amplification of single‐molecule dsDNA template (476 and 790 base pairs) through PCR. Afterwards, each droplet was surrounded with a biodegradable PBCA shell by interfacial anionic polymerization, enabling therefore to deliver the PCR products into the cells. The size of the initial miniemulsion droplets and the final polymeric capsules was in the range of 250 and 320 nm, mainly depending on the type of the continuous phase and presence of dsDNA template molecules. The formation of PCR products was resolved with gel electrophoresis and detected with fluorescence spectroscopy in the presence of DNA specific dye (SYBRGreen). TEM studies were performed to prove the formation of the polymeric shell. The shell thickness was measured to be within 5–15 nm and the average molecular weight of the formed PBCA polymer was around 75000 g · mol−1. For the cell uptake experiments, the obtained nanocapsules were transferred from the organic phase into aqueous medium containing a water‐soluble surfactant. The effect of the surfactant type (anionic, cationic or non‐ionic) on the HeLa cell viability and nanocapsule uptake behavior was studied by CLSM and FACS. Confocal analysis demonstrated that nanocapsules stabilized with cationic (CTMA‐Cl) and non‐ionic (Lutensol AT50) surfactants show almost the same uptake, whereas capsules redispersed in anionic (SDS) surfactant possess a 30% higher uptake. The release of the encapsulated material within the cell was studied on the example of Cy5‐labeled oligonucleotides showing the colocalization with mitochondria of MSCs cells. magnified image
Biofunctionalization of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules with Biotinylated Polyethylene Glycol‐Grafted Liposomes
Authors: Gao Jie , Reibetanz Uta , Venkatraman Subbu , Neu Björn 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHollow polyelectrolyte microcapsules (PEMC) are prepared using layer‐by‐layer self‐assembly of polyelectrolytes on melamine formaldehyde templates, followed by template dissolution, and subsequent coating with biotinylated polyethylene glycol‐grafted liposomes. These potential site‐specific carrier systems show a high specificity for NeutrAvidin binding and a strong resistance against unspecific protein binding. It is concluded that this design with NeutrAvidin as the outermost layer of such capsules provides an ideal platform for the biofunctionalization of PEMC as drug delivery systems or as artificial cell‐like structures for biomimetic studies. magnified image
The nuclear receptor constitutive active/androstane receptor arrests DNA‐damaged human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells at the G2/M phase
Authors: Kamino Hiroki , Negishi Masahiko 
Published: May 2011

AbstractHere, we have demonstrated that xenobiotic activation of the nuclear receptor (CAR, NR1I3) can result in arresting DNA‐damaged human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells at the G2/M phase. Huh7 cells over‐expressing CAR were either treated with dimethyl sulfoxide, the CAR activator TCPOBOP (1,4‐bis[2‐(3,5‐dichloropyridyloxy)]benzene; androstenol, 16,(5α)‐androsten‐3α‐OL), or repressor androstenol; these treatments were then followed by adriamycin treatment to damage DNA. FACS analysis revealed that CAR‐activation by TCPOBOP increased the rate of arrested Huh7 cells at the G2/M phase (4N DNA content) after DNA damage by adriamycin. This increase correlated with the increase of cell viability in TCPOBOP‐treated Huh7 cells, as determined by MTT assays. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis determined that, as regulated by CAR, the growth arrest and DNA damage‐inducible γ (GADD45γ) and Cyclin G2 genes increased and decreased, respectively, as TCPOBOP increased the number of Huh7 cells arrested at the G2/M phase. Thus, the results suggest that CAR regulates cell cycle, increasing G2/M arrest, and delaying the death of DNA‐damaged cells. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oroxylin a reverses multi‐drug resistance of human hepatoma BEL7402/5‐FU cells via downregulation of P‐glycoprotein expression by inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Yang Hui‐Ying , Zhao Li , Yang Zhen , Zhao Qing , Qiang Lei , Ha Jun , Li Zhi‐Yu , You Qi‐Dong , Guo Qing‐Long 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn this study, oroxylin A showed strong reversal potency in BEL7402/5‐FU cells and the reversal fold (RF) reached 4.69. Simultaneously, rhodamine‐123 accumulation assay and flow cytometry analysis demonstrated oroxylin A could increase drug accumulation. When combined with oroxylin A, 5‐FU showed inducing apoptosis effect more seriously in DAPI staining experiment. Moreover, the mRNA and protein expression of multi‐drug resistance gene (MDR1) were also decreased by oroxylin A. Further experiments exhibited that oroxylin A can downregulate P‐gp expression through inhibiting nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) signaling pathway, which might be the mechanism of reversal resistance of oroxylin A. In summary, oroxylin A could be a good candidate for the development of new MDR reversal agent and its reversal mechanism probably due to the suppression of P‐gp expression via inhibiting NF‐κB signaling pathway. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Urinary polyphenols, glutathione S‐transferases copy number variation, and breast cancer risk: Results from the Shanghai women's health study
Authors: Luo Jianfeng , Gao Yu‐Tang , Chow Wong‐Ho , Shu Xiao‐ou , Li Honglan , Yang Gong , Cai Qiuyin , Li Guoliang , Rothman Nathaniel , Cai Hui , Shrubsole Martha J. , Franke Adrian A. , Zheng Wei , Dai Qi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn vitro studies have found that flavanol epigallocatechin (EGC) and flavonols, but not flavanol epicatechin (EC), activate glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs), a family of phase II enzymes that detoxify reactive oxygen species, such as catechol estrogen metabolites. This study was designed to investigate prospectively whether urinary excretion of tea polyphenols interacts with GST polymorphisms to influence breast cancer risk. We conducted a study of 352 incident breast cancer cases and 701 individually matched controls nested within the Shanghai Women's Health Study cohort of women aged 40–70 yr at baseline. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure urinary excretion of flavanols and flavonols. Real‐time multiplex PCR was used to quantify the copy number variation in the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes. Urinary excretion of flavonols and flavanols, particularly EGC (P = 0.02), was significantly higher among women null for GSTM1 than those positive for GSTM1. Flavonols and flavanols (EGC in particular) were associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer among those null for GSTM1 and GSTT1, with a P‐value of 0.04 for the interaction between EGC and GSTM1 polymorphism. In contrast, among women possessing both GSTM1 and GSTT1, breast cancer risk increased with levels of flavonols, particularly kaempferol. The differential associations between polyphenols and breast cancer risk by GST polymorphisms, if confirmed, may provide a new avenue for the personalized prevention of breast cancer. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.