bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Maximizing Preferences and Beliefs About Cancer Among US Adults
Authors: Chiu Alexander S. , Hoxha Ines , Jensen Catherine B. , Saucke Megan C. , Pitt Susan C. 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceMedical overutilization contributes to significant health care expenditures and exposes patients to questionably beneficial surgery and unnecessary risk.ObjectivesTo understand public attitudes toward medical utilization and the association of these attitudes with beliefs about cancer.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this cross-sectional survey study conducted from August 26 to October 28, 2020, US-based, English-speaking adults were recruited from the general public using Prolific Academic, a research participant platform. Quota-filling was used to obtain a sample demographically representative of the US population. Adults with a personal history of cancer other than nonmelanoma skin cancer were excluded. Statistical analysis was completed in July 2022.Main Outcome and MeasuresMedical utilization preferences were characterized with the validated, single-item Maximizer-Minimizer Elicitation Question. Participants preferring to take action in medically ambiguous situations (hereafter referred to as “maximizers”) were compared with those who leaned toward waiting and seeing (hereafter referred to as “nonmaximizers”). Beliefs and emotions about cancer incidence, survivability, and preventability were assessed using validated measures. Logistic regression modeled factors associated with preferring to maximize medical utilization.ResultsOf 1131 participants (mean [SD] age, 45 [16] years; 568 women [50.2%]), 287 (25.4%) were classified as maximizers, and 844 (74.6%) were classified as nonmaximizers. Logistic regression revealed that self-reporting very good or excellent health status (compared with good, fair, or poor; odds ratio [OR], 2.01 [95% CI, 1.52-2.65]), Black race (compared with White race; OR, 1.88 [95% CI, 1.22-2.89]), high levels of cancer worry (compared with low levels; OR, 1.62 [95% CI, 1.09-2.42]), and overestimating cancer incidence (compared with accurate estimation or underestimating; OR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.09-2.28]) were significantly associated with maximizing preferences. Those who believed that they personally had a higher-than-average risk of developing cancer were more likely to be maximizers (23.6% [59 of 250] vs 17.4% [131 of 751]; P = .03); this factor was not significant in regression analyses.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study of US adults, those with medical maximizing tendencies more often overestimated the incidence of cancer and had higher levels of cancer-related worry. Targeted and personalized education about cancer and its risk factors may help reduce overutilization of oncologic care.
Intercultural Pragmatics
Authors: Liddicoat Anthony J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Intercultural pragmatics examines how language is used in communication between people who speak different first languages and who have been enculturated into different cultural contexts, but who are communicating in a common language, which may or may not be the first language of some of the participants. In such communication, participants draw on both existing pragmatic norms but also co‐construct new processes and understandings to achieve mutual understanding.
Ultra‐high Capacity and Stable Dual‐ion Batteries with Fast Kinetics Enabled by HOF Supermolecules Derived 3D Nitrogen‐Oxygen Co‐doped Nanocarbon Anodes
Authors: Wu Hongzheng , Yuan Wenhui , Li Li , Gao Xuenong , Zhang Zhengguo , Qian Yong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe low capacity, poor cycling life, and rapid self‐discharge hinder the development of carbonaceous dual‐ion batteries (DIBs). Conventional preparations of element doping amorphous carbons are cumbersome, complex, and difficult to control the doping element, content, and size. Here, a nitrogen‐oxygen co‐doped amorphous carbon nanomaterial (NDC) with unique 3D vortex‐layered amorphous structure and high doping content is ingeniously prepared via self‐assembly of hydrogen‐bonded organic framework precursors followed by one‐step pyrolysis, and then used for anodes of DIBs. By pairing with a commercial Nylon separator, a self‐supporting independent graphite cathode, and a high‐concentration electrolyte, the NDC‐based DIBs display an ultra‐high specific discharge capacity of up to 519 mAh g−1 at 1 C, low self‐discharge rate of 0.85% h−1, capacity retention of 98.8% after 1500 cycles, and fast kinetic dynamics. This study offers a novel approach to enable carbonaceous nanomaterials for energy‐dense and long‐cycling DIBs.
A Poly(Ionic Liquid)‐Based Polymer Binder for Endurable Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Lin Xiujing , Liu Xiaxia , Tong Yuqi , Zhou Xinyu , Li Jiang , Song Juan , Feng Xiaomiao , Liu Ruiqing , Shi Li , Yu Aishui , Ma Yanwen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThough polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is widely‐used binder for conventional lithium‐sulfur (Li–S) batteries, it still encounters challenges of severe electrode fracture involved by drastic volume change upon repeating cycling, and lack of extended‐functions like trapping dissolved polysulfides and smoothing Li+ transfer. Herein, a methodology of grafting sulfophilic hydrogen‐bond donor and lithiophilic hydrogen‐bond acceptor to the polymer binder (named as PIL), function as gear teethes and tooth spaces, is reported. When cracks occur, the engaged gears driven by dynamic hydrogen bonds are separated, which are spontaneously reformed owing to the automatic meshing of gears, and thus accelerate the healing of cracks. At the molecular level, the synergetic effect of sulfophilic hydrogen‐bond donor and lithiophilic hydrogen‐bond acceptor enables polysulfides immobilization through “push‐pull effect”, facilitating the subsequent redox kinetics. Accordingly, the cross‐link network of hydrogen bonds endows the elaborated designed polymer binder with strong adhesive strength and rapid Li+ migration. Attributed to these beneficial properties, the PIL‐based sulfur cathode exhibits excellent rate performance and superior cycling durability (an ultralow capacity fading rate of 0.062% per cycle over 800 cycles at 2 C). Even with high sulfur loading of 9.27 mg cm−2, a high areal capacity of 8.71 mAh cm−2 can be achieved, verifying its potential application.
In Situ Fabrication of Electrospun Magnetic Film under Laparoscopic Guidance for Preventing Postoperative Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Xiang Luyao , Hu Jinlong , Yan Xu , Yang Huai , Ji Chaofei , Xu Yunjun , Lu Haojie , Lu Chaowei , Hou Qingbing , Song Yonghong , Liu Dongquan , Cao Baoqiang , Lu Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite laparoscopic‐guided minimally invasive hepatectomy emerging as the primary approach for resecting hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), there is still a significant gap in suitable biomaterials that seamlessly integrate with these techniques to achieve effective hemostasis and suppress residual tumors at the surgical margin. Electrospun films are increasingly used for wound closure, yet the employment of prefabricated electrospun films for hemostasis during minimally invasive HCC resection is hindered by prolonged operation times, complexity in implementation, limited visibility during surgery, and inadequate postoperative prevention of HCC recurrence. In this study, montmorillonite‐iron oxide sheets are integrated into the polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer framework, enhancing the resulting electrospun PVP/montmorillonite‐iron oxide (MI) film (abbreviated as PMI) with robustness, hemostatic capability, and magnetocaloric properties. In contrast to the in vitro prefabricated electrospun films, the electrospun PMI film is designed to be formed in situ on liver wounds under laparoscopic guidance during hepatectomy. This design affords superior wound adaptability, facilitating meticulous wound closure and expeditious hemostasis, thereby simplifying the operative process and ultimately alleviating the workload of healthcare professionals. Moreover, when exposed to an alternating magnetic field, the film can efficiently ablate residual tumors, significantly augmenting the treatment efficacy of HCC.
Urea Electrosynthesis from Nitrate and CO2 on Diatomic Alloys
Authors: Chen Kai , Ma Danyang , Zhang Ying , Wang Fuzhou , Yang Xing , Wang Xiaomei , Zhang Hu , Liu Xijun , Bao Rui , Chu Ke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUrea electrosynthesis from co–electrolysis of NO3
− and CO2 (UENC) offers a promising technology for achieving sustainable and efficient urea production. Herein, a diatomic alloy catalyst (CuPd1Rh1–DAA), with mutually isolated Pd and Rh atoms alloyed on Cu substrate, is theoretically designed and experimentally confirmed to be a highly active and selective UENC catalyst. Combining theoretical computations and operando spectroscopic characterizations reveals the synergistic effect of Pd1–Cu and Rh1–Cu active sites to promote the UENC via a tandem catalysis mechanism, where Pd1–Cu site triggers the early C–N coupling and promotes *CO2NO2–to–*CO2NH steps, while Rh1–Cu site facilitates the subsequent protonation step of *CO2NH2 to *COOHNH2 toward the urea formation. Impressively, CuPd1Rh1–DAA assembled in a flow cell presents the highest urea Faradaic efficiency of 72.1% and urea yield rate of 53.2 mmol h−1 gcat−1 at −0.5 V versus RHE, representing nearly the highest performance among all reported UENC catalysts.
Hsp90 Promotes Gastric Cancer Cell Metastasis and Stemness by Regulating the Regional Distribution of Glycolysis‐Related Metabolic Enzymes in the Cytoplasm
Authors: Liu Shiya , Shen Gaigai , Zhou Xuanyu , Sun Lixin , Yu Long , Cao Yuanting , Shu Xiong , Ran Yuliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeat‐shock protein 90 (Hsp90) plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis and tumor progression; however, its mechanism of action in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. Here, the role of Hsp90 in GC metabolism is the focus of this research. High expression of Hsp90 in GC tissues can interact with glycolysis, collectively affecting prognosis in clinical samples. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrate that Hsp90 is able to regulate the migration and stemness properties of GC cells. Metabolic phenotype analyses indicate that Hsp90 influences glycolytic metabolism. Mechanistically, Hsp90 interacts with glycolysis‐related enzymes, forming multienzyme complexes to enhance glycolysis efficiency and yield. Additionally, Hsp90 binds to cytoskeleton‐related proteins, regulating the regional distribution of glycolytic enzymes at the cell margin and lamellar pseudopods. This effect could lead to a local increase in efficient energy supply from glycolysis, further promoting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis. In summary, Hsp90, through its interaction with metabolic enzymes related to glycolysis, forms multi‐enzyme complexes and regulates regional distribution of glycolysis by dynamic cytoskeletal adjustments, thereby promoting the migration and stemness of GC cells. These conclusions also support the potential for a combined targeted approach involving Hsp90, glycolysis, and the cytoskeleton in clinical therapy.
Epigenetic Reprogramming Potentiates ICAM1 Antibody Drug Conjugates in Preclinical Models of Melanoma
Authors: Zhang Peng , Tao Changjuan , Lu Ye , Li Peijing , Wang Xing , Dai Yujie , Xi Yun , Shimura Takaya , Li Xinfang , Fang Jianmin , Yang Liu , He Dawei , Guo Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTherapeutic benefits and underlying biomechanism(s) of antibody drug conjugates (ADC) in combination with other targeted therapeutics are largely unknown. Here, the synergy between ADC and epigenetic drug decitabine (DAC), a clinically approved DNA methylation inhibitor, in multiple preclinical models of melanoma specifically investigated. Mechanistically, the underlying biomechanisms of how DAC cooperatively worked with ICAM1 antibody conjugated DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor DXd (I1‐DXd) is elucidated. DAC treatment significantly enhanced anti‐tumor efficacy of I1‐DXd by upregulating antigen expression, enhancing antibody internalization and potentiating tumor sensitivity by epigenetically reprogramming of melanoma. Meanwhile, I1‐DXd/DAC combination also exerted regulatory effects on tumor microenvironment (TME) by enhancing tumor infiltration of innate and adaptive immune cells and improving penetration of ADCs with a boosted antitumor immunity. This study provides a rational ADC combination strategy for solid tumor treatment.
Consistent Intraocular Pressure Reduction by Solid Drug Nanoparticles in Fixed Combinations for Glaucoma Therapy
Authors: Huang Da , Norat Pedro , Qi Lin , Chernatynskaya Anna , Cole James D. , Mani Vimalin Jeyalatha , Xu Lei , Liu Xiaorong , Yang Hu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEfficient topical drug delivery remains a significant challenge in glaucoma management. Although nanoparticle formulations offer considerable promise, their complex preparation processes, co‐delivery issues, and batch consistency have hindered their potential. A scalable fabrication strategy is developed here for preparing solid drug nanoparticles (SDNs) with enhanced drug delivery efficiency. Utilizing hydrophobic antiglaucoma drugs brimonidine (BM) and betaxolol (BX), uniform fixed combination BM/BX SDNs are fabricated through a continuous process, improving batch‐to‐batch consistency for combined glaucoma treatment. With trehalose being used as a lyoprotectant, BM/BX SDNs can be stored as dry powder and easily reconstituted in phosphate buffered saline. Importantly, reconstituted BM/BX SDNs form clear, homogenous solutions, and exhibit negligible cytotoxicity and irritation, making them well‐suited for topical administration as eyedrops. Ex vivo and in vivo studies demonstrated that topically applied BM/BX SDNs permeate through the cornea significantly (about two fold to three fold) compared to their hydrophilic counterparts, i.e., brimonidine tartrate, and betaxolol hydrogen chloride. Notably, BM/BX SDNs displayed consistent intraocular pressure lowering effects in vivo in both normotensive rats and glaucoma mice. Collectively, this study demonstrates the potential of the scalable fabrication strategy and the resultant BM/BX SDNs for improving glaucoma management through eyedrops.
Hierarchically Assembled Gigantic Fe/Co Cyanometallate Clusters Exhibiting Electron Transfer Behavior Above Room Temperature
Authors: Chen Zi‐Yi , Xie Kai‐Ping , Cheng Yue , Deng Yi‐Fei , Zhang Yuan‐Zhu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe construction of large and complex supramolecular architectures through self‐assembly is at the forefront of contemporary coordination chemistry. Notwithstanding great success in various systems using anionic bridges (e.g., O2− or S2−) or organic ligands (e.g., pyridine or carboxylate ligands), the assembly of large cyanide‐bridged clusters with increasing nuclearity remains a formidable synthetic challenge. In this study, it is achieved in preparing two heterometallic cyanometallate clusters with unprecedented complexity, [Fe20Co20] (1) and [Fe12Co15] (2), by creating the “flexibility” through a versatile ligand of bis((1H‐imidazol‐4‐yl)methylene)hydrazine (H2L) and low‐coordinate cobalt. Complex 1 features a super‐square array of four cyanide‐bridged [Fe4Co4] cube subunits as the corners that are interconnected by four additional [FeCo] units, resulting in a torus‐shaped architecture. Complex 2 contains a lantern‐like core‐shell cluster with a triple‐helix kernel of [Co3L3] enveloped by a [Fe12Co12] shell. The combined structure analysis and mass spectrometry study reveal a hierarchical assembly mechanism, which sheds new light on constructing cyanometallate nanoclusters with atomic precision. Moreover, complex 1 undergoes a thermally induced electron‐transfer‐coupled spin transition (ETCST) between the diamagnetic {FeIILS(µ‐CN)CoIIILS} and paramagnetic {FeIIILS(µ‐CN)CoIIHS} configurations (LS = low spin, HS = high spin) above room temperature, representing the largest molecule displaying electron transfer and spin transition characteristic.
Astaxanthin Alleviates Autoimmune Hepatitis by Modulating CD8+ T Cells: Insights From Mass Cytometry and Single‐Cell RNA Sequencing Analyses
Authors: He Yuting , Ding Mingjie , Zhang Jiakai , Huang Changjun , Shi Jihua , Wang Yun , Tao Ruolin , Wu Zeyu , Guo Wenzhi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAstaxanthin (ASX) is an oxygen‐containing non‐vitamin A carotenoid pigment. However, the role of ASX in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remains unclear. In this study, a mouse model of AIH is established induced by concanavalin A (ConA). Mass cytometry and single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) are used to analyze the potential role of ASX in regulating the immune microenvironment of AIH. ASX treatment effectively alleviated liver damage induced by ConA and downregulated pro‐inflammatory cytokines production in mice. Mass cytometry and scRNA‐seq analyses revealed a significant increase in the number of CD8+ T cells following ASX treatment. Functional markers of CD8+ T cells, such as CD69, MHC II, and PD‐1, are significantly downregulated. Additionally, specific CD8+ T cell subclusters (subclusters 4, 13, 24, and 27) are identified, each displaying distinct changes in marker gene expression after ASX treatment. This finding suggests a modulation of CD8+ T cell function by ASX. Finally, the key transcription factors for four subclusters of CD8+ T cells are predicted and constructed a cell‐to‐cell communication network based on receptor‐ligand interactions probability. In conclusion, ASX holds the potential to ameliorate liver damage by regulating the number and function of CD8+ T cells.
Right On Time: Ultrafast Charge Separation Before Hybrid Exciton Formation
Authors: Gierster Lukas , Turkina Olga , Deinert Jan‐Christoph , Vempati Sesha , Baeta Elsie , Garmshausen Yves , Hecht Stefan , Draxl Claudia , Stähler Julia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic/inorganic hybrid systems offer great potential for novel solar cell design combining the tunability of organic chromophore absorption properties with high charge carrier mobilities of inorganic semiconductors. However, often such material combinations do not show the expected performance: while ZnO, for example, basically exhibits all necessary properties for a successful application in light‐harvesting, it was clearly outpaced by TiO2 in terms of charge separation efficiency. The origin of this deficiency has long been debated. This study employs femtosecond time‐resolved photoelectron spectroscopy and many‐body ab initio calculations to identify and quantify all elementary steps leading to the suppression of charge separation at an exemplary organic/ZnO interface. It is demonstrated that charge separation indeed occurs efficiently on ultrafast (350 fs) timescales, but that electrons are recaptured at the interface on a 100 ps timescale and subsequently trapped in a strongly bound (0.7 eV) hybrid exciton state with a lifetime exceeding 5 µs. Thus, initially successful charge separation is followed by delayed electron capture at the interface, leading to apparently low charge separation efficiencies. This finding provides a sufficiently large time frame for counter‐measures in device design to successfully implement specifically ZnO and, moreover, invites material scientists to revisit charge separation in various kinds of previously discarded hybrid systems.
Isolation and evaluation of local microalgal isolates as feed for larval rearing of Crassostrea tulipa towards optimisation of mangrove oyster seed production in Ghana
Authors: Krampah Eric Appiah , Mensah Paul Kojo , Acheampong Emmanuel , Obodai Edward Adzesiwor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study explored the potential of three local microalgal isolates as feed for oyster larvae in laboratory‐rearing experiments, towards the optimisation of seed production of Crassostrea tulipa to support its large‐scale farming along the West African coast. Three species of local microalgae—Rhodomonas sp., Nannochloropsis sp. and Pseudanabaena sp.—were isolated from waters off the coast of Ghana, West Africa, following a serial dilution technique. The growth performance of the isolates was assessed in the laboratory through daily estimation of cell density until the stationary phase was observed. Characterisation of the microalgal isolates was carried out by estimation of their biovolume, carbon content and energy content. Biovolumes of the microalgae were calculated from the estimated equivalent spherical diameters using proposed geometric shapes and formulae. Carbon weight and carbon energy content were subsequently calculated using derived conversions. The three microalgal isolates showed potential for large‐scale cultivation in the laboratory with marked differences in daily increases in cell densities. Nannochloropsis sp. and Rhodomonas sp. recorded the highest and the lowest peak densities of 2.4 × 105 and 1.5 × 105 cell mL−1, respectively, from an initial inoculating cell density of 1.05 × 105 cell mL−1. The estimated mean biovolumes of Rhodomonas sp., Nannochloropsis sp. and Pseudanabaena sp. were 238.9, 8.182 and 42.42 µm3, respectively, and the corresponding derived carbon energy contents were 1.7 × 10−6, 7.13 × 10−8 and 1.05 × 10−7 J, respectively. Results from a laboratory rearing experiment indicated that the individual microalgal isolates supported the growth and survival of oyster larvae at different scales, but a mixed diet of the three promoted superior growth and survival of C. tulipa larvae. The three local microalgal isolates‐ Rhodomonas sp., Nannochloropsis sp., and Pseudanabaena sp.‐ were well adapted to laboratory culture conditions, and the observed differences in growth and survival of the oyster larvae fed on these algal diets could be due to the differences in diet properties and biochemical compositions of the different species. A combination of the three algal diets, however, provided complementaery nutrients for the optimal growth and survival of C. tulipa larvae. The outcome of this study shows that local microalgal isolates have the potential to support hatchery rearing of C. tulipa, which is essential for the development of commercial mangrove oyster aquaculture in West Africa.