bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Black Sea Cruise
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Expeditionary Planning Committee of the University‐National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) has designated the R/V Knorr to support oceanographic programs in the Black Sea during 1987. Researchers are invited to submit requests for ship time in 1987 and 1988 to support projects in the Black Sea, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea, and the Indian Ocean. Proposals for the support of the scientific programs should be submitted in accordance with the funding agency deadlines.Requests for ship use should be sent soon to J.D. Donnelly, Manager, Marine Operations, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 (telephone: 617‐548‐1400, ext. 2736), or to W.D. Barbee, Executive Secretary, UNOLS Office, WB‐15, School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (telephone: 206‐543‐2283).
AGU member survey planned
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Later this month Peter S. Eagleson, AGU President‐Elect and Chairman of the AGU Planning Committee, will send to each AGU member a questionnaire about AGU programs and services. Although the questionnaire should take you less than 30 minutes to complete, your responses will be very valuable: They will provide the basis for plans and decisions that will affect the direction of the Union for many years to come.Preliminary results of the survey should be available before the AGU Spring Meeting (in Baltimore, Md., May 19–23). More complete results are expected to be ready for July 1, when the new officers will be installed. The last survey of every AGU member was taken more than 10 years ago.
Science leaders discuss budget crunch
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Although funding for research fared relatively well in the budget proposed by the Reagan Administration for fiscal year (FY) 1987, leaders of the science community should expect lean times ahead for federal funding and should plan accordingly. This was the message delivered February 26–27, 1986, to nearly 400 participants in a conference at the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in Washington, D.C.Leaders and policymakers from all segments of the research establishment were invited to attend the 2‐day conference, which was sponsored by the Government‐University‐Industry Research Roundtable, an independent group associated with NAS, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. Discussions at the conference revolved around the question “What research strategies best serve the national interest in a period of budgetary stress?” After hearing perspectives from representatives from the Administration, industry, federal agencies, universities, and a federal laboratory, participants were divided into seven working groups. Each group was assigned a topic of discussion, such as “Management at the Campus Level,” “The Relative Roles of Federal Laboratories and Outside Research Institutions,” and “Possible Non‐Federal Sources of Support: States, Industry, and Foundations.” On the second day of the conference, the working group chairmen reported back to the conference at large.
On closing geomagnetic observatories
Authors: Lanzerotti L. J . 
Published: October 2011

The contemplated closing by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) of the geomagnetic observatories at Barrow, Alaska, and Newport, Wash. (Eos, February 25, 1986, p. 95) is a situation that could have very serious implications for the solar‐terrestrial research community as well as for the geological community.This intent to close should be investigated expeditiously by the Committee on Solar‐Terrestrial Research and the Committee on Solar and Space Physics. An accurate determination should be made of the use and values of these stations for both retrospective and future studies and programs in space physics in the United States. At the same time, the appropriate officials at the USGS should be once again made aware of the possible implications of their immediate budget decisions on the broader geophysical and space physics research communities, both for the near term and the future.
February streamflow
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Extensive flooding in the West near the end of February set new record high flows for the month for several streams, while across the nation, 85% of the key index streams had flows that were average to well above average, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).USGS hydrologists said that some key index streams in California, Nevada, Idaho, Utah, and New Mexico set new record high February flows. The West was not the only area of the nation to have a wet month: Some streams in Georgia, Florida, Pennsylvania, and New York were also at record high levels for February. Meanwhile, in contrast, record low flows were recorded at stream stations in South Carolina, Mississippi, and Hawaii.
U.S./China Bilateral Symposium on Extraordinary Floods
Authors: Kirby W. 
Published: October 2011

Accurate appraisal of the risk of extreme floods has long been of concern to hydrologists and water resources managers in both the United States and China. In order to exchange information, assess current developments, and discuss further needs in extreme flood analysis, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the Bureau of Hydrology of the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power of the People's Republic of China (PRC) held the Bilateral Symposium on the Analysis of Extraordinary Flood Events, October 14–18, 1985, in Nanjing, China. Co‐convenors of the symposium were Marshall E. Moss (USGS) and Hua Shiqian (Nanjing Research Institute of Hydrology). Liang Ruiju (East China Technical University of Water Resources) was executive secretary of the organizing committee. Participants included 23 U.S. delegates, 36 Chinese delegates, and five guests from other countries. Of the U.S. delegates, 13 were from federal agencies, seven were from universities, and three were private consultants. The U.S. National Science Foundation gave financial support to the nonfederal U.S. delegates. Major topics covered in the 52 papers presented included

detection of historical floods and evaluation of the uncertainties in their peak discharges and times of occurrence,
frequency analysis and design flood determination in the presence of extraordinary floods and historic floods, and
use of storm data in determining design storms and design floods,
The symposium was followed by a 6‐day study tour in central China, during which laboratories, field activities, and offices of various water resources agencies were visited and sites of documented historic floods on the Yangtze River and its tributaries were examined.
Groundwater contamination field methods
Authors: Johnson Ivan 
Published: October 2011

Half of the drinking water in the United States comes from groundwater; 75% of the nation's cities obtain all or part of their supplies from groundwater; and the rural areas are 95% dependent upon groundwater. Therefore it is imperative that every possible precaution be taken to protect the purity of the groundwater.Because of the increasing interest in prevention of groundwater contamination and the need for nationally recognized methods for investigation of contamination, a symposium entitled “Field Methods for Groundwater Contamination Studies and Their Standardization” was held February 2–7, 1986, in Cocoa Beach, Fla. The symposium was sponsored and organized by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and Committee D19 on Water. Gene Collins of the National Institute for Petroleum and Energy Research (Bartlesville, Okla.) was symposium chair, and Ivan Johnson (A. Ivan Johnson, Inc., Consulting, Arvada, Colo.) was vice chair.
Hydrologic monitoring: The third wave
Authors: Durgin Philip B. 
Published: October 2011

Surface and groundwater monitoring have gone through development stages that involved manual and mechanical techniques and are now being revolutionized by microelectronics. Participants at a special half‐day session of the 1985 AGU Fall Meeting in San Francisco, Calif., (entitled “Hydrologic Monitoring Writh Microelectronics”), discussed recent advances in microelectronic applications that promote more and better hydrologic data acquisition at lower costs.Of particular interest were reports on the development of new sensors and monitoring techniques. F. Milanovich (Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, Livermore, Calif.) highlighted the session with a fascinating presentation on the use of fiber optics to sense several water quality factors for in situ measurement of groundwater. Some specific organic contaminants can be determined so the sensors lend themselves to monitoring groundwater pollution. S.E. Silliman (University of Arizona, Tucson) found that thermistor probes in a borehole could accurately detect where water was flowing through interconnected fractures from another borehole. This technique appears to have interesting potential particularly where dyes and chemical tracers need to be avoided.
ESF signs ODP Agreement
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation (NSF) and a consortium of 12 countries represented by the European Science Foundation (ESF) recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding for cooperation in the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP). ODP is an international project to explore ocean basins to learn about the structure of the earth, life in the oceans, and changes in global climate.Under terms of the memorandum, ESF will contribute $2.5 million to the project each year. This will entitle ESF to have two scientific representatives on each ODP cruise and a co‐chief scientist on one cruise each year. ESF also will participate in ODP planning, including the selection of drill sites.
The teaching of geophysics in Latin America: An updated assessment
Authors: Valencio Daniel A. , Schneider Otto 
Published: October 2011

The situation of geophysics in developing countries has been the subject of discussions and analysis by diverse international organizations. It was also discussed in some articles in Eos [e.g., Lomnitz, 1982; Urrutia Fucugauchi, 1982; Bolt, 1982]. We have been requested to contribute a current evaluation of the problem, with particular reference to geophysical education in Latin America.In the following report on specialized training of geophysicists in Latin American countries, we consider the “exact earth sciences” in the broader sense, i.e., the mathematical and physical (and, to a certain extent, chemical) aspects of the planet earth as a whole, including its fluid portions, as opposed to the more restricted concept of just solid earth geophysics. In other words, our inquiry follows the scope of both AGU and the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG), so geodesy, although not explicitly covered, will still be mentioned occasionally. We will also consider the applied branches, especially exploration geophysics, since these areas furnish powerful motivation for fostering our sciences, both in the governmental circles of developing countries and among the young people looking for a promising professional future.
New deadlines set for NSF proposals
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Science Foundation's (NSF) Division of Earth Sciences announces that deadlines for submissions of proposals to its programs are August 15, 1986, and January 15, 1987. Proposals received after these deadlines may be returned unreviewed or, in some cases, be held for the next review cycle. Proposals received at NSF after the deadline dates will not be eligible for consideration at the subsequent panel meeting.Previously, the division had accepted for evaluation proposals at any time throughout the year, although preferred target dates were often announced. Specifying deadlines ensures that proposals receive adequate peer review prior to panel meetings, according to Alan Gaines, program director for volcanology and mantle geochemistry. Although the change followed in the wake of Gramm‐Rudman‐Hollings, it was not a result of recent budgetary constraints. NSF expects that the number of proposals funded will remain approximately the same.
Goals of the Union
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The purposes of the Union are defined in the statutes as follows:

To promote the scientific study of the earth and its environment in space and to make the results of such studies available to the public.
To promote cooperation among scientific organizations whose objectives include the furtherance of knowledge in the geophysical disciplines.
To initiate and participate in geophysical research programs, including those that depend upon international cooperation.
To advance the various geophysical disciplines by scientific discussion, publication and dissemination of information, and by sponsorship of scientific and technical symposia, colloquia, and meetings.
AGU Supporting Members
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

All dues‐paid members who contribute an additional $80 or more in any single year earn recognition as Individual Supporting Members for that year. The donor may designate the manner in which the Union should use this contribution.Among the present Supporting Members, there are 36 Life Supporting Members, including two Sustaining Members and one Benefactor. These are the individuals who have contributed $1500, $5000,or $10,000 to AGU.
ICSU gives green light to IGBP
Authors: Roederer Juan G. 
Published: October 2011

It finally happened. The International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) launched what promises to become the largest, most complex, and most ambitious program of international scientific cooperation ever to be organized.Of several fathers (some officially recognized as such, others not) and after several years of gestation, IGBP saw the light on September 19, 1986, when the General Assembly of ICSU meeting in Berne, Switzerland, passed a resolution accepting the recommendations formulated by an ad hoc Planning Group in a document entitled The International Geosphere‐Biosphere Programme: A Study of Global Change [ICSU, 1986]. This is also the official designation of the project. Its main objective will be “to describe and understand the interactive physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate the total earth system, the unique environment that it provides for life, the changes that are occurring in this system, and the manner in which they are influenced by human actions.”
The Global Ocean Flux Study (GOFS): Status of the U.S. GOFS Program
Authors: Brewer P. G. , Bruland K. W. , Eppley R. W. , McCarthy J. J. 
Published: October 2011

The proposed National Science Foundation (NSF) budget for Fiscal Year (FY) 1987 contains funding for a major new initiative [Waldrop, 1986], the Global Geosciences Program, which consists of separate but related research efforts that treat the earth as an integrated system of global oceanic and atmospheric circulation systems and as a delicate and dynamic balance of biogeochemical fluxes that sustain life on our blue planet.This paper concerns the status of one important element of this program, the U.S. segment of the Global Ocean Flux Study, which is now being planned with NSF and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) support. What is the origin of such a program? What are its aims? How might it be accomplished? Finally, why is it necessary at this time?
Abstracts [AGU Fall Meeting and ALSO Winter Meeting, 1986]
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Health and Environmental Research (OHER) has just established the Alexander Hollaender Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship Program to support outstanding recent recipients of doctoral degrees in conducting energy‐related research supported by OHER in the environmental, life, and biomedical sciences. Fellows will receive a stipend of $35,000, and appointments will be made at participating DOE laboratories and approved university laboratories.Applicants must have received a doctoral degree within the past 2 years. (Applicants with M.D. or D.V.M. degrees and research experience will also be considered.) Selection criteria include academic achievements, recommendations, scientific background, statement of research to be performed, and availability of funds and facilities. Fellowships are for 1 year, renewable for a second year upon recommendation of the laboratory at which the fellowship is held.
Panel recommendations on Oil Spill Risk Assessment
Authors: Mellor George L. 
Published: October 2011

A technical panel was convened by the Minerals Management Services (MMS) of the Department of Interior to identify deficiencies and recommend improvements in their Oil Spill Risk Analysis (OSRA) model. Members of the panel were J. M. Bane, Jr. (University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill), G. S. Janowitz (North Carolina State University, Raleigh), T. H. Lee (University of Miami, Miami, Fla.), G. L. Mellor (Princeton University, Princeton, N.J.), M. L. Spaulding (University of Rhode Island, Kingston), and F. M. Vukovich (Research Triangle Institute, Raleigh‐Durham, N.C.).The present OSRA model uses climatologically derived near‐surface velocity fields on which are superposed oil trajectory velocities derived from the so‐called “3.5% rule”: this uses a wind series derived from a “transition probability matrix” statistical approach.
Robert A. Weller
Authors: Beardsley Robert C. , Weller Robert A. 
Published: October 2011

Robert A. Weller is a seagoing experimentalist or observational oceanographer who has made in his short career several truly outstanding contributions to understanding how the upper ocean responds to atmospheric forcing. He is without doubt one of the most capable and creative oceanographers of his age and deserves the recognition provided by the James B. Macelwane Award as a “young geophysicist of outstanding ability and promise.”After receiving his undergraduate degree in engineering a n d applied physics from Harvard, Bob Weller entered graduate school in physical oceanography at Scripps Institution of Oceanography and worked with Russ Davis on the development of a new mechanical current meter to be used in upper ocean studies. While several current meter designs then in use worked well on subsurface moorings in the d e e p ocean, no existing current meter performed well in the upper ocean. After considerable experimental effort, Bob developed a mechanical flow sensor (using two coupled propellers) with nearly perfect cosine response and then used two of these sensors mounted at right angles with associated electronics to build the vector‐measuring current meter (or VMCM). By mechanically filtering out the usually very large oscillatory flows with periods less than a minute associated with surface wave and wave‐induced mooring motion, the VMCM allows accurate measurement of the generally smaller lowerfrequency horizontal velocities present in the upper ocean. Weller and Davis received a patent for this novel instrument design, and a commercial version has been in production since 1981. Bob has continued to make improvements in the VMCM, and this instrument has become the standard for both upper ocean and coastal ocean circulation studies.
El Niño Returns
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

El Niño, a climatic disturbance that shifts much of the world's weather pattern every 2–7 years, has returned and is probably near the midpoint of its expected 18‐month life cycle, according to an announcement by the National Weather Service (NWS) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This El Niño appears to be much milder than its predecessor 4 years ago, from April 1982 to July 1983. That event, the worst in more than 100 years, caused floods and droughts that led to more than 1000 deaths and $2 billion to $8 billion in economic losses.The phenomenon comes about when equatorial winds that normally blow the Pacific Ocean's surface waters from east to west weaken or reverse themselves. The warm surface waters then flow from west to east. Results include a decrease in rainfall in the Philippines, Indonesia, Australia, New Guinea, and Southern Africa; increased rainfall in the South American coast, the southeastern United States, and eastern Africa; and milder than normal weather in the U.S. Pacific Northwest, western Canada, and Alaska. The current El Niño was successfully predicted by at least three different scientific models, according to The New York Times, although the event began somewhat later than expected.
Looking back at the Hill
Authors: Butler Eric 
Published: October 2011

When I came to Washington, I emerged from a world of flannel shirts and sneakers to one of suits and ties and from beat‐up cars (perhaps this was just a New England phenomenon) to late model vehicles (with air conditioning, of course) that are always clean. The transition from talks of calibration curves and “clean room” techniques to community right‐to‐know laws and mandatory Superfund cleanup standards was not always straightforward, but it was nearly always fun and very educational.The people here are enthusiastic and hardworking, and their work and rewards are a bit different than those in academe. Most staff have no idea about the seasonal cycles of nutrients in a temperate zone estuary and may not have heard of the ideal gas laws. They might think that these ideas were conceived in a new piece of legislation and want to become cosponsors. On the other hand, before coming to Washington, I had no idea what the legislative process was all about. I am still wet behind the ears in that regard, but I do find it mildly amusing and somewhat appropriate that all new House bills start by being dropped into a receptacle on the floor of the House called a hopper.
Observations of the Continental Crust Through Drilling I
Authors: Ernst W. G. 
Published: October 2011

This book is the product of an international symposium held in Tarrytown, N.Y., May 20–25, 1984. The individual contributions are summaries of scientific investigations planned or in progress at the time. Because continental drilling is a fast‐developing field, the compendium is, in places, out of date; nevertheless, it provides perspective for the efforts that were then envisioned or underway. The book is divided into seven sections:

Review of National Drilling Programs
Thermal Regimes
Geochemistry and Mineral Resources
In Situ Borehole Measurements
Advances in Drilling and Logging Technology
Recent Results From Scientific Drilling
Deep Structures of Continents
Demonstration project cuts red tape
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

Results from a demonstration project aimed at cutting red tape in federal grants for basic research at universities are "very encouraging" so far, according to Don I. Phillips, executive director of the Government‐University‐Industry Research Roundtable. The roundtable is coordinating the experimental effort, with the participation of five major federal agencies as well as the Florida state university system and the University of Miami (a private institution in Coral Gables, Fla.).Under the project, special conditions apply to grants from the participating agencies to individual researchers at the participating universities: Investigators do not have to ask the agency's permission for changes in budget allocations, purchases of permanent equipment, or foreign travel. Grant money can be spent up to a year after the grant ends without a special request. Under this plan, researchers, with agency approval, can also ask to have their entire research program covered as a single administrative entity, rather than as several individual projects.