bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of silane coupling agent grafted glycidyl methacrylate on hollow microsphere/natural rubber composites
Authors: Zhao Meng , Duan Hao , Peng Keyu , Dong Juyuan , Chen Haiming , Lin Guangyi , Jing Yuan , Li Yang , Lv Ruifang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo improve the interfacial bonding between hollow microspheres (RiM01) and natural rubber (NR), the silane coupling agents γ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) and γ‐methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570) are used in this study as intermediate reaction platforms for the modification of (RiM01) with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), respectively. In the process, GMA reacts with KH550 and KH570 through epoxy group ring‐opening and free radical polymerization, respectively. Different NR/RiM01@GMA composites are prepared by a mechanical blending method. The results show that the addition of GMA improves the interfacial bonding between RiM01 and NR, and enhances the vulcanization rate and cross‐linking degree of the rubber composites. When KH550 is used as the reaction platform, the tensile strength of the rubber composites increases by 24% compared to composites with unmodified RiM01, while when KH570 is used, the tensile strength increases by 18%. Additionally, the tear strength and abrasion resistance of the rubber composites increase by 13% and 15%, respectively, when KH570 is used as the reaction platform. At the same time, the filler‐matrix interaction is strongest when KH570 is used as the reaction platform, and the rubber composites exhibit the lowest rolling resistance and the best resistance to heat and oxygen aging.Highlight
Modification of hollow microspheres by grafting GMA with KH550 and KH570, respectively.
Improvement of rubber composite properties after modification
GMA improves the interfacial bonding between hollow microspheres and rubber.
Preparation of h‐BN/PMMA composites by in situ polymerization and research on their structure and properties
Authors: Wu Lulu , Wang Yanzhi , Gao Yafei , Zhang Yiru , Zhou Lei , Li Jing , Zhang Jianmin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInorganic fillers like hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN) have the potential to enhance the thermal conductivity of polymer mixtures. However, it has been restricted due to poor dispersion of particles in polymer matrices by melt mixing process. The addition of inorganic powders into sticky prepolymer is expected to alleviate the aggregation of powders. In this paper, h‐BN/polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) composites were prepared by in situ polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) with 5 and 20 μm of h‐BN particle as fillers respectively, for even distribution of fillers with in composites. The structures and properties of composites were characterized by FT‐IR, DSC, TGA, SEM, laser thermal conductivity meter and universal electronic tester. By SEM, it can be seen that a highly uniform dispersion of h‐BN in PMMA. When the mass fraction of h‐BN is 20 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the composites is increased by 107% for 5 μm h‐BN and 189% for 20 μm h‐BN, respectively. With the mass constituting of 5 wt% h‐BN, majority of mechanical characteristics of the composite, such as tensile strength, tensile modulus, along with impact strength, are enhanced, alongside a decrease in bending strength. This work would provide a filling strategy of h‐BN into the polymer matrices to achieve uniform dispersion, and enhance both the thermoconductivity and mechanical strength of thermoplastic composites.Highlights
A technique for creating h‐BN/PMMA composites using in suit redox polymerization.
Ehancing the thermal conductivity of these composites is achievable through the even distribution of h‐BN flakes within the PMMA matrix.
It provides a reference for the design of future h‐BN/PMMA composites with favorable the thermal conductivity which achieves a good balance between performance and cost.
Experimental investigation of the effect of fabric wrapping method and autoclave curing on the mechanical and thermal degradation of carbon nanotube doped and undoped carbon composite pipes
Authors: Kayrıcı Mehmet , Taser Hasan Huseyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlthough it is seen in the literature that composite pipes are produced by filament winding, there are limited number of studies on the use of fabric wrapping and autoclave. In this study, in order to fill this gap and contribute to the literature and industry, composite pipes were produced using fabric wrapping and autoclave methods together and their mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. The effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforcement on these properties was also investigated. According to low velocity impact (LVI) test, 10%–25% impact strength increase was observed with CNT reinforcement. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that mass loss decreased by ⁓10% and the degree of thermal degradation increased by ⁓10%. In dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), it is observed that epoxy glass transition temperature (Tg) increased by 11% with CNT reinforcement. At the end of the study, the mechanical and thermal properties of the pipes produced by autoclave and fabric wrapping methods were improved compared to the literature and contributed to science and therefore to the increased use of prepreg carbon pipes in the industry.Highlights
Composite carbon pipes were produced by applying prepreg fabric wrapping and autoclave curing methods together.
The mechanical and thermal properties of multi‐walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) reinforced and unreinforced carbon composite pipes were investigated.
According to TGA, it was observed that the mass loss decreased.
Thermal decomposition temperature increased for MWCNT reinforced and unreinforced samples.
According to DMA, Tg of epoxy decreased for MWCNT unreinforced sample and increased for MWCNT reinforced sample.
Compliant composite elastomers via grafting short dangling chains for promoting thermal transport performance
Authors: Li Junhong , Pang Yunsong , Wang Jun , Yang Min , Zeng Xiaoliang , Ren Linlin , Sun Rong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe multifunctional composite elastomers serve as thermal interface materials for heat dissipation in electronic devices when their thermal transport performance is enhanced. The common method for enhancement, continuously raising the thermal conductive filler loading only can improve thermal conductivity of composite elastomers but reduces compliance, resulting in elevated contact thermal resistance with solid surfaces, compromising thermal transport. To address this, we propose grafting short dangling chains onto the composite elastomer matrix to further promote compliance under a certain filler loading. Characterization results demonstrate that the grafted chains effectively reduce relaxation time, enabling faster deformation for the material under pressure. This approach enhances interfacial compatibility, widening the thermal transport path at contact interfaces to contact thermal resistance by 94% (from 17.8 to 1.07 mm2W/K), significantly improving overall thermal transport. Additionally, we discussed the feasibility of employing composite elastomers as thermal interface materials for efficient chip heat dissipation.Highlight
The grafted dangling chains can promote the composite elastomers softness.
The softness promotion can help reduce thermal contact resistance.
A series of theories are employed to learn the mechanisms of the promotion.
The resulting composite elastomers can be used as thermal interface materials.
Control of curing kinetic and strong interaction between resins network and boehmite nanoparticles: Dynamic‐mechanical and curing kinetics study
Authors: Rouhi Elham , Poorabdollah Mehdi , Bahrami Kiumars 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, two characteristics of boehmite nanoparticles (BNs) were used to improve the dynamic‐mechanical properties of pure unsaturated polyester resin (Neat UP). (1) Boehmite's ability to target free radical control in the radical curing reaction of UP resin, and (2) adsorption of alkyd chains and creation of attractive interactions with the resin network. X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), and field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) analysis were used to identify the synthesis of particles. The results of FESEM analysis showed that the average particle size was 80–100 nm. TGA was used to investigate the thermal properties of the Neat UP and UP resin containing 0.3 wt% BNs (UP 0.3 BNs). The results of the dynamic‐mechanical analysis showed that the elastic modulus of the UP 0.3 BNs composite increased by 42% compared to the Neat UP. To investigate the significant increase observed in the dynamic‐mechanical properties, the curing kinetics were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Investigating the activation energy in terms of the conversion degree showed earlier dominance of the diffusion phenomenon in the UP 0.3 BNs composite. Investigating the diffusion factors provided by Vyazovkin–Sbirrazzouli showed a significant decrease in K and ED in the UP 0.3 BNs composite (−10.5, 19 kJ/mol) compared to the Neat UP resin (−9.5, 40 kJ/mol).Highlights
Targeted control of free radicals increases network regularity of the UP/BNs.
Impressive improvement of mechanical properties of UP/BNs compared to Neat UP.
Increasing diffusion phenomenon dominance of UP/BNs system compared to Neat UP.
Investigation on the leakage resistance of metal‐fiber‐metal pressure vessel coupled with deformation
Authors: Zhang Dechao , Zhan Lihua , Zhao Dongwei , Zhao Shibo , Ma Bolin , Xiong Bang , Guo Jinzhan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work focused on the leakage of the composite pressure vessel with a structure consisting of an aluminum alloy inner liner, a composite winding layer, and an aluminum covering. Through applying the finite element simulation approach and leakage rate test, it was found that the average strain of the winding layer in the lap region at the pressure of 46 MPa is 0.0078. Additionally, the leakage rate of the covering adhesive joint was investigated by considering the deformation, revealing that the leakage rate increases with increasing test pressure. The leakage rate at the lap region with a length of 18 mm is 2.05 × 10−7 Pa·m3/s at 0.0078 strain decreasing by 1.46 and 2.31 times compared to those under 12 and 7 mm lengths, respectively. The leakage rate exhibits a strict inverse correlation with the length of the leakage path under a pressure of 0 MPa. Additionally, when the deformation remains below the critical strain threshold (approximately 0.6%), the relationship between pressure and leakage rate shows a linear positive correlation. When the deformation of the component exceeds the critical strain threshold, the leakage rate of the component is significantly affected by its deformation and an increase in overall deformation results in a greater increase in leakage rate. The relationship between the two exhibits a non‐linear trend. This work provides strong technical support for the leakage assessment of composite pressure vessels.Highlights
Deformation of the pressure vessel was analyzed through theoretical and simulation approaches.
Establishing the relationship between deformation and pressure in metal–metal lap structures.
Leakage analysis for different metal–metal lap lengths and deformation conditions.
Human management of ongoing evolutionary processes in agroecosystems
Authors: Mastretta‐Yanes Alicia , Tobin Daniel , Bellon Mauricio R. , von Wettberg Eric , Cibrián‐Jaramillo Angélica , Wegier Ana , Monroy‐Sais Ana Sofía , Gálvez‐Reyes Nancy , Ruiz‐Arocho Jorge , Chen Yolanda H. 
Published: June 2024

Societal Impact StatementAgricultural sustainability depends on the adaptation of crops to their local environment. Smallholder farmers who save seed provide an essential “evosystem” service by growing locally adapted seed varieties that can recruit biodiversity to enhance their growth and defense. While professional plant breeding has diverted evolutionary processes away from local adaptation, smallholder farmers, particularly those in centers of origin for crops, benefit society by selecting and propagating diverse crop varieties that allow local adaptation processes to perpetuate. Given that smallholders support society through the generation of evosystem services, changes in policy and practice are needed to support the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in ways that mitigate risk and recognize their important contributions to agricultural sustainability. To enhance the reach of this work, a Spanish language version of the paper is available in the Supporting Information (see Translation_ES). [Correction added on 18 June 2024, after first online publication: The preceding sentence has been added in this version.]SummaryLong‐term food security and agricultural sustainability depend on protecting the eco‐evolutionary processes that select for local adaptation in crops. Since seed systems structure how people acquire seed, institutional and social changes influence evolutionary processes within agroecosystems. Since World War II, the rise of professional breeding has bifurcated seed systems into traditional and formal systems, which has negatively affected agrobiodiversity, crop evolution, and agricultural sustainability. In traditional seed systems, farmers often save seed from plants that best provide desired qualities, selecting landrace crop varieties to adapt to local environmental conditions. In formal or centralized seed systems, farmers buy seeds bred primarily for maximizing yield under ideal conditions. When farmers source seeds externally, evolutionary processes underlying local adaptation are disrupted. Here, we argue that traditional seed systems provide important evosystem services, or the evolutionary processes resulting from the maintenance and use of genetic diversity that benefit society. We present a framework on how seed systems influence the evolutionary processes that enable local adaptation, which is necessary for sustainable agriculture. We discuss how changes in human values underlying traditional and formal seed systems can alter evolutionary processes that underlie local adaptation. We conclude that developing policies that support people in managing ecological and evolutionary processes within seed systems is needed to address current and future challenges of global food security and agricultural sustainability.
Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Utilizing Monstera deliciosa Leaf Extract and Estimation of its Antimicrobial Characteristics
Authors: Shirsul Janvi , Tripathi Ambuj , Ankamwar Balaprasad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerein, single step biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) is reported by using AgNO3 and Monstera deliciosa (MD) leaf extract. Spherical AgNPs are obtained with difference in particle sizes and antibacterial activities using two sets of MD leaf extract having different heating periods 5 and 10 min. They are characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, Attenuated Total Reflectance Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR‐IR), and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM). Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) studies propose two types of AgNPs have hydrodynamic diameters of 104 and 80 nm. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS), and High Resolution−Mass Spectrometry (HR‐MS) studies, which reveal the presence of various phytochemicals found in MD leaf extract. These biomolecules play a vital role as stabilizing and reducing agents to fabricate stable AgNPs. These AgNPs exhibit strong antibacterial activities having effective zone of inhibition for both Gram‐positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and Gram‐negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) microorganisms, nonetheless AgNPs against different fungi (Penicillium sp., Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani) show non‐antifungal characteristics because of their inert nature. This study suggests that AgNPs can be used in treating bacterial infections and drug delivery also for several therapeutic and diagnostic applications.
Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Zr‐Doped CuO/Si Solar Cell
Authors: Yigit Gezgin Serap , Baturay Şilan , Ozaydin Cihat , Kilic Hamdi Sukur 
Published: June 2024

Copper oxide (CuO) is a nanostructured semiconductor material with the potential for solar energy conversion and can be suitable for solar cells when used as a thin film. Herein, nondoped and doped (doping ratios of 1%, 2%, and 3% zirconium [Zr]) CuO thin films on silicon (Si) with the spin‐coating technique are developed. Optical and topological characterizations of CuO thin films are examined by ultraviolet‐visible and X‐ray diffraction. The electrical properties of nondoped and Zr‐doped CuO/Si heterojunctions are investigated with experimental current–voltage measurements in the dark and under illuminated conditions. The electrical behavior of nondoped and Zr‐doped CuO/Si heterojunctions is obtained using the experimental J–V technique and computational Cheung–Cheung and Norde methods. A simulation based on nondoped and Zr‐doped CuO/n‐Si heterojunction solar cells using SCAPS‐1D is completed. Photovoltaic (PV) parameters of experimentally produced and theoretically calculated CuO and Zr‐doped CuO/Si heterojunction solar cells are compared. Accordingly, PV parameters of 1% Zr‐doped CuO/Si solar cells show the highest power conversion efficiency calculated as a function of interfacial defect density and hole carrier concentration.
The role of identification in data‐driven policy iteration: A system theoretic study
Authors: Song Bowen , Iannelli Andrea 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe goal of this article is to study fundamental mechanisms behind so‐called indirect and direct data‐driven control for unknown systems. Specifically, we consider policy iteration applied to the linear quadratic regulator problem. Two iterative procedures, where data collected from the system are repeatedly used to compute new estimates of the desired optimal controller, are considered. In indirect policy iteration, data are used to obtain an updated model estimate through a recursive identification scheme, which is used in a certainty‐equivalent fashion to perform the classic policy iteration update. By casting the concurrent model identification and control design as a feedback interconnection between two algorithmic systems, we provide a closed‐loop analysis that shows convergence and robustness properties for arbitrary levels of excitation in the data. In direct policy iteration, data are used to approximate the value function and design the associated controller without requiring the intermediate identification step. After proposing an extension to a recently proposed scheme that overcomes potential identifiability issues, we establish under which conditions this procedure is guaranteed to deliver the optimal controller. Based on these analyses we are able to compare the strengths and limitations of the two approaches, highlighting aspects such as the required samples, convergence properties, and excitation requirement. Simulations are also provided to illustrate the results.
UP‐GAN: Channel‐spatial attention‐based progressive generative adversarial network for underwater image enhancement
Authors: Wang Ning , Chen Yanzheng , Wei Yi , Chen Tingkai , Karimi Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFocusing on severe color deviation, low brightness, and mixed noise caused by inherent scattering and light attenuation effects within underwater environments, an underwater‐attention progressive generative adversarial network (UP‐GAN) is innovated for underwater image enhancement (UIE). Salient contributions are as follows: (1) By elaborately devising an underwater background light estimation module via an underwater imaging model, the degradation mechanism can be sufficiently integrated to fuse prior information, which in turn saves computational burden on subsequent enhancement; (2) to suppress mixed noise and enhance foreground, simultaneously, an underwater dual‐attention module is created to fertilize skip connection from channel and spatial aspects, thereby getting rid of noise amplification within the UIE; and (3) by systematically combining with spatial consistency, exposure control, color constancy, color relative dispersion losses, the entire UP‐GAN framework is skillfully optimized by taking into account multidegradation factors. Comprehensive experiments conducted on the UIEB data set demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed UP‐GAN in terms of both subjective and objective aspects.
Heterogeneous Integration of Memristive and Piezoresistive MDMO‐PPV‐Based Copolymers in Nociceptive Transmission with Fast and Slow Pain for an Artificial Pain‐Perceptual System
Authors: Tsao Shih‐Cheng , Chang Kuo‐Hsuan , Fu Yi , Tai Han‐Hsiang , Lin Ting‐Han , Wu Ming‐Chung , Wang Jer‐Chyi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNociceptive pain perception is a remarkable capability of organisms to be aware of environmental changes and avoid injury, which can be accomplished by specialized pain receptors known as nociceptors with 4 vital properties including threshold, no adaptation, relaxation, and sensitization. Bioinspired systems designed using artificial devices are investigated to imitate the efficacy and functionality of nociceptive transmission. Here, an artificial pain‐perceptual system (APPS) with a homogeneous material and heterogeneous integration is proposed to emulate the behavior of fast and slow pain in nociceptive transmission. Retention‐differentiated poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(3,7‐dimethyoctyoxyl)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] (MDMO‐PPV) memristors with film thicknesses of 160 and 80 nm are manufactured and adopted as A‐δ and C nerve fibers of nociceptor conduits, respectively. Additionally, a nociceptor mimic, the ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru‐NPs)‐doped MDMO‐PPV piezoresistive pressure sensor, is fabricated with a noxiously stimulated threshold of 150 kPa. Under the application of pricking and dull noxious stimuli, the current flows predominantly through the memristor to mimic the behavior of fast and slow pain, respectively, in nociceptive transmission with postsynaptic potentiation properties, which is analogous to biological pain perception. The proposed APPS can provide potential advancements in establishing the nervous system, thus enabling the successful development of next‐generation neurorobotics, neuroprosthetics, and precision medicine.
Space‐Confined Growth for Thickness‐Controlled Cs3Bi2I9 Perovskite Single Crystal Wafers for X‐Ray Detectors
Authors: Yang Manman , Wu Xiaoling , Li Anfeng , Hao Xia , Wu Lili , Tian Haibo , Yang Dingyu , Zhang Jingquan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe Cs3Bi2I9 single crystal, as an all‐inorganic non‐lead perovskite, offers advantages such as stability and environmental friendliness. Its superior photoelectric properties, attributed to the absence of grain boundary influence, make it an outstanding X‐ray detection material compared to polycrystals. In addition to material properties, X‐ray detector performance is affected by the thickness of the absorption layer. Addressing this, a space‐confined method is proposed. The temperature field is determined through finite element simulation, effectively guiding the design of the space‐confined method. Through this innovative method, a series of thickness‐controlled perovskite single crystal wafers (PSCWs) are successfully prepared. Corresponding X‐ray detectors are then prepared, and the impact of single crystal thickness on device performance is investigated. With an increase in single crystal thickness, a rise followed by a decline in device sensitivity is observed, reaching an optimal value at 0.7 mm thickness at 40V mm−1 with a device performance of 11313.6µC Gy−1 cm−2. This space‐confined method enables the direct growth of high‐quality perovskite single crystals with specified thickness, eliminating the need for slicing or etching.