bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Styrene–butadiene rubber/graphite powder composites: Rheometrical, physicomechanical, and morphological properties
Authors: Ismail M. N. , Khalaf A. I. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe physicomechanical properties, curing characteristics, and morphological behaviors of styrene–butadiene rubber/graphite powder composites were evaluated. Different weight fractions and particle sizes of graphite powder were used. An increase in the graphite content increased the maximum torque, reinforcing factor, and tensile strength and decreased the elongation at break and equilibrium swelling. Also, a decrease in the particle size of the graphite increased the tensile strength and decreased the equilibrium swelling. Moreover, the dielectric properties were measured at about 30°C and 100 Hz. The values of permittivity and dielectric loss were found to increase with increasing graphite content. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Effects of atomic oxygen and ultraviolet in low earth orbit on low surface energy polymer film
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Feng Zhou , Liu Weimin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEffects of atomic oxygen (AO) and ultraviolet (UV) on a polymer film with surface energy of 8.0 mJ m−2 derived from poly(1H,1H‐perfluorooctyl methylacrylate) were investigated by contact angle measurements, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and atomic force microscope. The film was exposed to AO with a flux of 6.73 × 1015 atoms cm−2 s−1 and UV with intensity of 15.8 mW cm−2 at wavelength of 200–450 nm, respectively. It is found that AO and UV irradiation resulted in the reduction of film thickness, change of wettability, and increase of surface energy, and AO exhibited more serious effects than UV on the fluorinated polymer film. Reduced rate of thickness of the film was almost proportional to the AO exposure time. After exposed to AO and UV irradiation, the surface energy of the film increased to 17.3 mJ m−2 and 11.0 mJ m−2, respectively. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
SEBS/PPy.DBSA blends: Preparation and evaluation of electromechanical and dynamic mechanical properties
Authors: Muller D. , Garcia M. , Salmoria G. V. , Pires A. T. N. , Paniago R. , Barra G. M. O. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this study, the electromechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of electrically conducting polymer blends were investigated. The blends were comprised poly(styrene‐b‐butylene‐ran‐ethylene‐b‐styrene) (SEBS) containing polypyrrole doped with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PPy.DBSA). The two types of PPy.DBSA (with and without an excess of DBSA) were blended with SEBS through the solution casting method at room temperature. The dynamic mechanical characterization of the SEBS/PPy.DBSA blends demonstrated that the use of PPy.DBSA with and without free DBSA molecules results in different degrees of interaction with the two phases of the SEBS copolymer matrix. The changes in the electrical conductivity of the blends during repeated pressure loading/unloading were investigated. The conducting SEBS/PPy.DBSA polymer blends exhibited an increase in the electrical conductivity on pressure loading and underwent a corresponding decrease on unloading. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Preparation and properties of high‐performance polysilsesquioxanes/bismaleimide‐triazine hybrids
Authors: Hu Jiang‐Tao , Gu Aijuan , Liang Guozheng , Zhuo Dongxian , Yuan Li 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA novel kind of high‐performance hybrids (coded as POSS‐NH2/BT) with significantly decreased curing temperature, lowered dielectric constant and loss, and improved thermal resistance were developed, which were prepared by copolymerizing bismaleimide with cage octa(aminopropylsilsesquioxane) (POSS‐NH2) to produce POSS‐containing maleimide, and then co‐reacted with 2,2′‐bis(4‐cyanatophenyl) isopropylidene. The curing behavior and typical properties of cured POSS‐NH2/BT were systematically investigated. Results show that POSS‐NH2/BT hybrids have lower curing temperatures than BT resin because of the additional reactions between OCN and amine groups. Compared with BT resin, all hybrids show improved dielectric properties. Specifically, hybrids have slightly decreased dielectric constants and similar dependence of dielectric constant on frequency over the whole frequency from 10 to 106 Hz; more interestingly, the dielectric loss of hybrids is only 25% of that of BT resin at the frequency lower than 105 Hz, whereas all hybrids and BT resin have almost equal dielectric loss when the frequency is higher than 105 Hz. In addition, POSS‐NH2/BT hybrids also show good thermal and thermo‐oxidative stability compared with BT resin. All these differences in macroproperties are attributed to the difference in chemical structure between POSS‐NH2/BT hybrids and BT resin. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Hydroxyalkyl derivatives of phenyldiamine as modifiers for unsaturated polyester resins, Part 1: Derivatives of phenyl‐1,4‐diamine
Authors: Duliban Jerzy 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe results are presented on the synthesis of new modifiers and functioning of amine modifiers for unsaturated polyester resins, obtained by reacting ethylene oxide or propylene oxide with phenyl‐1,4‐diamine. Also the effect of the modifiers and cobalt accelerator on the reactivity of resins was studied. When used in the amount of up to 2 wt %, the amines substantially (several times) reduced the gelation time of modified unsaturated polyesters. The reactivity of resins, however, improved in expense of their stability. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Alternating copolymer of pyridine and 1,4‐diphenyl‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine from bis‐1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition polymerization
Authors: Sayed Abdelwahed R. , Wiggins Jeffrey S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractOur manuscript demonstrates a new “click‐type” polymerization reaction. We present the synthesis of a new polymer poly(1,4‐diphenyl‐1,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine‐3,6‐diyl‐2,6‐pyridinediyl) through bis‐nitrilimine intermediates which undergo bis‐1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition polymerization reactions. We synthesized N,N′‐diphenyl‐2,6‐pyridindioic(bis‐hydrazide) and halogenated this precursor to form N,N′‐diphenyl‐2,6‐pyridindioic (bis‐hydrazonoyl dichloride) as a new monomer. The resulting polymeric structure is a high molecular weight alternating copolymer of pyridine and diphenyltetrazine soluble in a variety of organic solvents. Synthetic preparation and spectral analysis of the synthesis is presented. In addition, we demonstrate coordination of the polymer with cobalt metal salts indicating high complexation capability for these polymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Electrical and dielectric characteristics of Al/polyindole Schottky barrier diodes. II. Frequency dependence
Authors: Yeriskin Seckin Altindal , Unal H. Ibrahim , Sari Bekir 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe dielectric properties and ac electrical conductivity of Al/polyindole (Al/PIN) Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) were investigated by using admittance spectroscopy (capacitance–voltage [C‐V] and conductance–voltage [G/ω‐V]) method. These C‐V and G/ω‐V characterizations were performed in the frequency range of 1 kHz to 10 MHz by applying a small ac signal of 40 mV amplitude from the external pulse generator, whereas the dc bias voltage was swept from (−10 V) to (+10 V) at room temperature. The values of dielectric constant (ε′), dielectric loss (ε″), dielectric loss tangent (tanδ), real and imaginary part of electrical modulus (M′ and M″), ac electrical conductivity (σac), and series resistance (Rs) of the Al/PIN SBDs were found to be quite sensitive to frequency and applied bias voltage at relatively low frequencies. Although the values of the ε′, ε″, tanδ, and Rs of the device were observed to decrease with increasing frequencies, the electric modulus and σac increased with increasing frequency for the high forward bias voltages. These results revealed that the interfacial polarization can more easily occur at low frequencies and that the majority of interface states (Nss) between Al and PIN, consequently, contribute to deviation of dielectric properties of the Al/PIN SBDs. Furthermore, the voltage‐dependent profile of both Rs and Nss were obtained from the C‐V and G/ω‐V characteristics of the Al/PIN SBDs at room temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Silk grafting with methacrylamide: A near‐infrared spectroscopy study
Authors: Zoccola Marina , Boschi Alessandra , Arosio Cristina , Mossotti Raffaella , Innocenti Riccardo , Freddi Giuliano 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe grafting of methacrylamide (MAA) onto silk has taken importance not only as weighting process but also as finishing operation to improve the properties of the silk fibers. It was confirmed that the MAA monomer concentration, the initiator amount, and the liquor ratio are the major parameters affecting the yield of the reaction. Varying these parameters, a large number of samples, i.e., silk yarns with different grafting yields and exhaust grafting baths with different residual MAA concentrations, were obtained. Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was used for the quantitative determination of MAA in silk yarns and MAA in exhaust baths after grafting. A correlation between silk yarns grafting yield and NIR spectra of MAA grafted yarns was obtained. This correlation shows a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.96 and a standard error of calibration (SEC) of 8.37 w/w for a mean value (M) of 31.82% w/w. A second correlation between MAA in exhaust grafting baths and NIR spectra was obtained. This correlation shows a R2 of 0.95 and a SEC of 2.93 g/L for a M of 17.16 g/L. Previous correlations were improved using silk samples cleaned by extraction of sizing agents and detergents which could interfere with MAA grafting and modify absorption spectra of bath solutions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Swelling dynamics of IPN hydrogels including acrylamide‐acrylic acid‐chitosan and evaluation of their potential for controlled release of piperacillin‐tazobactam
Authors: Pulat Mehlika , Tan Nur , Onurdağ Fatma Kaynak 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFor to be used in controlled releasing of piperacillin‐tazobactam, a series of semi and full IPN type hydrogels composed of acrylic acid (AA), acrylamide (AAm) and Chitosan (CS) were prepared via free‐radical polymerization. Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) was used for crosslinking of PAAm and PAA chains to form semi‐IPN hydrogels. However, the full‐IPN type hydrogels were prepared by using glutaraldehyde (GA) and EGDMA as cocrosslinkers. Characteristics of the hydrogels were investigated by swelling experiments and SEM and FTIR analysis. Generally, full‐IPN type hydrogels swell much more than the semi‐IPN types. By comparing the full‐IPN type hydrogels in between, it is found that the increasing amount of GA causes the decreasing in S% values from 4860 to 4300%. Releasing of piperacillin‐tazobactam from selected three hydrogels were investigated in phosphate buffer solution at pH = 7.4, 37°C. The kinetic release parameters, n and k were calculated and non‐Fickian type diffusion was established for these hydrogels. The behaviors of the piperacillin‐tazobactam loaded hydrogels in Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) culture suspensions were also studied and the statistically significant differences for the microorganism growth values were determined. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
A MEMS‐based spiral channel dielectrophoretic chromatography system for cytometry applications
Authors: Yilmaz Gürkan , Çiftlik Ata Tuna , Külah Haluk 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper design, fabrication, and evaluation of an easy‐to‐use and low cost dielectrophoretic quantizer are introduced. The device works with standard tools in a biomedical laboratory: a stereo microscope with CCD camera and a voltage supply. A novel spiral microchannel geometry together with the coaxial electrode configuration is established. The device works with a droplet of sample, eliminating microfluidic connections, and external syringes. The proposed geometry decreases the footprint, therefore reduces the device cost, without compromizing the separation and quantization performances. Coaxial electrode geometry enables continuous electric‐field application with simple voltage supplies. The devices are fabricated using a simple 3‐mask process, and experiments are realized with 1 and 10 μm polystyrene beads. The results show that 1 μm particles have an average speed of 4.57 μm/s with 1.06 μm/s SD, and 10 μm particles have an average speed of 544 μm/s with 105 μm/s SD. The speed variation coefficient for 1 and 10 μm beads can be calculated as 23 and 19%, respectively. The size accuracy of the device is ±10%, while the resolution is 20%,i.e., particles with radii different from each other by 20% can be separated. Hence, moderate separation performance with minimized cost and standard laboratory equipment is enabled.
Meta-analysis of observational studies on the safety and effectiveness of robotic gynaecological surgery
Authors: Reza M , Maeso S , Blasco J A , Andradas E 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe safety and effectiveness of robotic, open and conventional laparoscopic surgery in gynaecological surgery was assessed in a systematic review of the literature. This will enable the general surgical community to understand where robotic surgery stands in gynaecology.MethodsA search was made for previous systematic reviews in the Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Health Technology Assessment, Cochrane Collaboration and Hayes Inc. databases. In addition, the MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL databases were searched for primary studies. The quality of studies was assessed and meta-analyses were performed.ResultsTwenty-two studies were included in the review. All were controlled but none was randomized. The majority were retrospective with historical controls. The settings in which robotic surgery was used included hysterectomy for malignant and benign disease, myomectomy, sacrocolpopexy, fallopian tube reanastomosis and adnexectomy. Robotic surgery achieved a shorter hospital stay and less blood loss than open surgery. Compared with conventional laparoscopic surgery, robotic surgery achieved reduced blood loss and fewer conversions during the staging of endometrial cancer. No clinically significant differences were recorded for the other indications tested.ConclusionThe available evidence shows that robotic surgery offers limited advantages with respect to short-term outcomes. However, the clinical outcomes should be interpreted with caution owing to the methodological quality of the studies.
Purification, characterization and functional expression of a new peptide with an analgesic effect from Chinese scorpion Buthus martensii Karsch (BmK AGP‐SYPU1)
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Li , Cui Yong , Song Yong‐Bo , Liu Yan‐Feng , Zhang Rong , Wu Chun‐Fu , Zhang Jing‐Hai 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this study, a new peptide named BmK AGP‐SYPU1 with an analgesic effect was purified from the venom of Chinese scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch (BmK) through a four‐step chromatographic process. The mouse twisting test was used to identify the target peptides in every separation step. The purified BmK AGP‐SYPU1 was further qualified by RP‐HPLC and HPCE. The molecular mass determined by the MALDI‐4800‐TOF/TOF MS for BmK AGP‐SYPU1 was 7544 Da. Its primary structure of the N‐terminal was obtained using Edman degradation. The gene sequence of BmK AGP‐SYPU1 was cloned from the cDNA pool and genomic of scorpion glands, respectively, and then expressed in Escherichia coli. The sequence determination showed that BmK AGP‐SYPU1 was composed of 66 amino acid residues with a new primary structure. The metal chelating affinity column and cation exchange chromatography were used to purify the recombinant BmK AGP‐SYPU1. Consequently, the native and recombinant BmK AGP‐SYPU1 showed similar analgesic effects on mice as assayed using a mouse twisting model. These results suggested that BmK AGP‐SYPU1 is a new analgesic component found in the Chinese scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The developmental anatomy of the human superior hypogastric plexus: A morphometrical investigation with clinical and surgical correlations
Authors: Correia João Antonio Pereira , De‐Ary‐Pires Bernardo , Pires‐Neto Mário Ary , De Ary‐Pires Ricardo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe superior hypogastric plexus (SHP) is the part of the autonomic nervous system, which is responsible for the sympathetic innervation of pelvic organs and extrapelvic genitals in humans of both sexes. The SHP also functions as the anatomic pathway for the major part of visceral sensitive fibers originating from pelvic viscera. In this study, the morphology of the SHP was analyzed through anatomical dissections performed both in human adult and fetal cadavers. A computerized morphometrical investigation of the SHP was also performed and the resulting quantitative data statistically assessed. The comparison between fetal and adult SHP revealed that in the male group there was a developmental increase of six times (in height) and of about five times (in width); while in the female group, there was a developmental increase of 3.5 times both in height and width values. In addition, the distance from the superior border of the SHP to the bifurcation of the common iliac arteries presented a developmental increase of about six times in the male group, and about four times in the female group. We propose an original morphological classification with six types, based upon the anatomical arrangement of the nervous fibers in this autonomic plexus. Clin. Anat. 23:962–970, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surgical approach for a new knee prosthesis concept (TSTP) retaining both cruciate ligaments
Authors: Nowakowski Andrej M. , Müller‐Gerbl Magdalena , Valderrabano Victor 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe transversal support tibial plateau (TSTP) concept was developed to retain both cruciate ligaments during total knee arthroplasty. TSTP design consists of two individual joint surfaces, reinforced beneath the joint line by two joint surface supports and buttressed by a single transversal support (TS). This configuration is devised to provide good bony anchoring especially for the TS, and to ensure long‐term alignment of the individual joint surfaces. TS insertion requires a small extra incision. This study assessed techniques to implant the TS into the tibia. Using a specially designed aiming device, TS insertion from each side was evaluated in 13 human cadaveric knees (10 formalin‐fixed, two Thiel embalmed, one fresh) at defined intervals of 15, 25, and 35 mm beneath the joint line. Particular attention was paid to potentially endangered structures, e.g., the medial collateral ligament (MCL), pes anserinus, and common peroneal nerve, as well as impediments to insertion, e.g., the fibula. TS implantation was successfully performed using both medial and lateral approaches. From medial, the TS was inserted safely at the 15 mm interval with the knee in maximum flexion and external rotation. With increasing intervals, however, the MCL and pes anserinus became progressively more susceptible to injury. In contrast, with the lateral approach, the operative field was quite close to the fibular head for the 25 mm interval. However, with the knee in extension, no other important structures were at risk. Clin. Anat. 23:985–991, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
On the separation of classes: can the Fisher criterion be improved upon when classes have unequal variance–covariance structure?
Authors: Åberg K. Magnus , Jacobsson Sven P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA value of class separation can be used as a criterion to optimize data‐analytical protocols for multivariate classification problems. The Fisher criterion assumes equal variance–covariance structure, an assumption which is often violated in real datasets. The practical consequences of using the Fisher criterion compared to exploiting the variance–covariance differences has not been studied previously. Here, we show that about 50 samples are required to benefit from using the unequal variance–covariance structures for estimating class separation in two dimensions and more samples are required in higher dimensions. The results show that the Fisher criterion is robust and accurate for selection between pre‐treatments compared to a newly derived criterion called the Cooke criterion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessment of the water quality of a river catchment by chemometric expertise
Authors: Tsakovski Stefan , Astel Aleksander , Simeonov Vasil 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe present paper deals with the successive application of self‐organizing map (SOM) classification and Hasse diagram technique (HDT) as chemometric tool for assessment of river water quality. The study is carried out by using long‐term water quality monitoring data from the Struma River catchment, Bulgaria. The advantages of the SOM algorithm for advanced visualization and classification of large data sets are used for proper selection of chemical parameters being most effective in quality assessment. The proper variable selection combined with some state directives for surface water quality parameters was then used for performing a new data classification separating the objects of interest (sampling sites) into specific patterns. The simultaneous application of the SOM methodology and partial order theory allows to visualize the spatial and temporal evolution of water quality parameters. Thus, it can be seen that the nitrate loads are decreasing with time and the high specificity of a certain sampling station with respect to its water quality data pattern is changing. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Anisotropic Properties and Crystal Structure of Ferroelectric Na0.5Bi4.5Ti4O15.
Authors: Li Zhengfa , Chan H. L. W. , Li Yongxiang , Kwok K. W. , Choy S. H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe title ceramics is characterized by SEM, XRD, and impedance measurements.
ChemInform Abstract: Calorimetric Investigations on Cubic BaTiO3 and Ba0.9Nd0.1TiO3 Systems.
Authors: Babu R. , Kandan R. , Jena Hrudananda , Kutty K. V. Govindan , Nagarajan K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEnthalpy increments of the title compounds are measured in the temperature range 573—1523 K for the first time by inverse drop calorimetry.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of Pure Phase Zn2SnO4 and Composite Zn2SnO4/C.
Authors: Yuan W. S. , Tian Y. W. , Liu G. Q. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractZn2SnO4 is hydrothermally synthesized from aqueous solutions of SnCl4, ZnCl2, and N2H4 (autoclave, 180 °C, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Catalytic Regioselective Control in the Diastereoselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition Reactions of 1‐(1‐Alkynyl)cyclopropyl Ketones with Nitrones.
Authors: Zhang Yanqing , Liu Feng , Zhang Junliang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFormal [3 + 3] or [4 + 3] cycloaddition products, resp., are obtained in the title reactions depending on the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Intramolecular Diamination and Alkoxyamination of Alkenes with N‐Sulfonyl Ureas Employing N‐Iodosuccinimide.
Authors: Li Hao , Widenhoefer Ross A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractNIS‐mediated intramolecular cyclization of N‐δ‐alkenyl‐N′‐sulfonylurea derivatives, e.g. (I), can afford pyrrolidino‐fused oxazolidines like (II) or imidazolidinones like (III), depending on the reaction conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Amination of Acidic Aryl C—H Bonds with Primary Aromatic Amines.
Authors: Zhao Huaiqing , Wang Min , Su Weiping , Hong Maochun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed aerobic oxidative C—H bond amination of electron‐deficient benzenes with primary aromatic amines is achieved for the first time.