bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of strong capacitive coupling between meta-atoms in rf SQUID metamaterials
Authors: Cai Jingnan , Cantor Robin , Hizanidis Johanne , Lazarides Nikos , Anlage Steven M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We consider, for the first time, the effects of strong capacitive and inductive coupling between radio frequency superconducting quantum interference devices (rf SQUIDs) in an overlapping metamaterial geometry when driven by rf flux at and near their self-resonant frequencies. The equations of motion for the gauge-invariant phases on the Josephson junctions in each SQUID are set up and solved. Our model accounts for the high-frequency displacement currents through capacitive overlap between the wiring of SQUID loops. We begin by modeling two overlapping SQUIDs and studying the response in both the linear and nonlinear high-frequency driving limits. By exploring a sequence of more and more complicated arrays, the formalism is eventually extended to the

N
×
N
×
2

overlapping metamaterial array, where we develop an understanding of the many (

8

N
2

−
8
N
+
3

) resulting resonant modes in terms of three classes of resonances. The capacitive coupling gives rise to qualitatively new self-resonant responses of rf SQUID metamaterials, and is demonstrated through analytical theory, numerical modeling, and experiment in the 10–30 GHz range on capacitively and inductively coupled rf SQUID metamaterials.
Research of ultra-narrow band filters based on silicon nitride subwavelength grating used in terahertz detection techniques
Authors: Wang Wenliang , Liu Hanxin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As narrow-band pass filters are essential in terahertz(THz) applications, we present a ultra-narrow band filters based on silicon nitride subwavelength grating in this paper. Through rigorous coupled wave analysis, it can be seen that the main role of each structural factor or its influence on the spectral response characteristics are significantly different.Then, according to these laws, we get the design scheme by adjusting the structure factor of the subwavelength grating purposefully and pertinently. It can be seen from the results that the theoretical reflectance at 0.55 THz reaches 99.741%, and the half-peak frequency range is between −171MHz and +53 MHz. At the same time, the low sideband reflectance in the wide frequency band range of 0.2–0.8 THz indicates that the design can be used well for 0.55 THz signal in related THz detection technology.
Efficiency of non-identical double helix patterns in minimizing ropelength of torus knots
Authors: Kim Hyoungjun , Oh Seungsang , Huh Youngsik 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The ropelength of a knotted string with volume is defined as the ratio of the length of its central curve to the radius of its sectional disc. In a physical context, achieving minimal ropelength corresponds to a state of minimal potential energy, and geometrically, it signifies a tightly-packed conformation. The quest to establish a connection between the topological complexity of knotted strings and their minimal ropelength has persisted into recent years. In this paper, we introduce a new upper bound on the minimal ropelength of (2, n)-torus knots and links: Rop(T(2, n)) ≤ 7.3163 Cr(T(2, n)) + 17.1657. This upper bound is derived from a torus knot conformation constructed based on a tightened pattern of double helix with non-identical radii of winding. A comparative analysis with conformations generated from a superhelix and a circular helix underscores the efficiency of the non-identical double helix pattern, particularly when it appears as a long repeated motif in knotted strings.
Effect of bismuth on the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of iron matrix during drawing: a molecular dynamics study
Authors: Chen Zhanwen , Wang Fazhan , Li Guangyuan , Fan Yuan , Li Pan , Liu Menghui , Wu Hong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the effects of bismuth nanoparticles on the mechanical properties and microstructure evolution of single-crystal iron matrix materials during the drawing process using molecular dynamics methods, and also explores the effects of different drawing speeds and loading methods on the drawing process. The results show that the incorporation of bismuth nanoparticles has a significant effect on the axial drawing force, dislocation, shear strain and crystal evolution during the drawing process. When the bismuth nanoparticles started to deform under the action of drawing force, the atomic shear strain and crystal evolution were concentrated around them, which hindered the generation of dislocations and led to the reduction of their axial drawing force. In addition, the degree of atomic shear strain and crystal evolution increases with the increase of drawing speed, leading to work hardening of the material, and thus increasing the axial drawing force. Finally, when the loading mode is positioned at the rear end, shear strain becomes more concentrated around the bismuth nanoparticles, hindering dislocation generation and increasing the material’s hardness and axial drawing force. This study is important for understanding the mechanism of bismuth nanoparticles on the iron matrix of single-crystal during the drawing process.
Performance and mechanism of uranium (VI) removal from aqueous solution by zero-valent nickel@hollow glass particles (ZVNi@HGP)
Authors: Mingzhe Li , Zhang Yishuo , Xiaoyan Li 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The zero-valent nickel@ hollow glass particles (ZVNi@HGP) were prepared by liquid phase reduction method and characterized with SEM, XRD and XPS. The morphological structure analysis revealed that HGP can effectively mitigate the agglomeration of ZVNi particles and improve the activity of the material. The removal efficiency of U(VI) by the ZVNi@HGP was examined through a series of single-factor experiments. The results showed that ZVNi@HGP had a good removal efficiency for U(VI), with the removal rate reached up to 98.15% at uranium concentration of 10 mg/l, solid–liquid ratio of 0.15 g L−1 and pH = 4.0. The adsorption isotherm model showed a maximum adsorption capacity of 423.33 mg/g for U(VI). The adsorption of U(VI) by ZVNi@HGP follows a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which indicates that the adsorption of U(VI) by ZVNi@HGP is predominantly a chemical process. Thermodynamics shows that the removal of uranium by ZVNi@HGP is spontaneous. The results of the study showed that HGP could reduce the agglomeration of ZVNi, so the removal ability of ZVNi@HGP was superior to that of ZVNi.
Comprehensive investigation of the atmospheric Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) for satellite imaging payloads: considering turbulence and aerosol effects over Tehran
Authors: Hosseini Hojat , Khoshsima Masoud 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the realm of remote sensing using satellite imagery, real-time and region-specific estimation of Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) is critical for assessing, designing, and selecting optimal payloads, channels, and imaging conditions. The variability of Earth’s atmosphere introduces uncertainties that complicate the development of a universally applicable MTF model, particularly challenging in urban areas that are prone to aerosol pollution and heat island effects. In this research, the atmosphere of the Tehran metropolitan area, which has not been extensively studied in terms of the MTF of overflying satellites, was investigated over five days in 2021 which were selected based on data availability and to cover a variety of different conditions. A general Small Angle Approximation (SAA) method is utilized to calculate the aerosol MTF, with Boundary Layer Heights (BLH) and Aerosol Layer Heights (ALH) validated against the literature, long-term observations, numerical models, and real-time observations. The turbulence MTF is calculated using a short-exposure isotropic Kolmogorov turbulence model. The refractive index structure parameter (C
n

2) is determined using the general HMNSP99 model due to the absence of an established and calibrated model for Tehran. The assumptions for the turbulence MTF model are selected to cover a wide range of practical and widely used satellites over Tehran, while the uncertainties in the radiosonde data are taken into account by employing Monte Carlo simulations to model the effective C
n

2 for Tehran. The results cover the effects of varieties in aerosol layer optical properties, particle types and size distribution, as well as variations in weather conditions and atmospheric state on the MTF and offer valuable insights for optimizing satellite imaging systems in urban atmospheric conditions and set the stage for further regional studies focused on enhancing image compensation and payload design.
Magnetization dynamics and domain reversal in electrodeposited permalloy thin films: impact of thickness and annealing treatment
Authors: Dev Kapil , Reddy V R , Medwal Rohit , Gupta Surbhi , Dong C L , Chen C L , Asokan K , Annapoorni S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The domain reversal and magnetization dynamics of electrodeposited permalloy (Fe20Ni80) thin films on conducting ITO/glass substrate was investigated using Magneto-optic Kerr effect microscopy and ferromagnetic resonance. Permalloy thin films were electrodeposited with thickness ranging from 66 nm to 330 nm. Synchrotron XRD confirmed the deposited permalloy in FCC phase without any impurity. The squared hysteresis with very low coercivity (Hc ∼ 5 Oe) established soft magnetic nature of the films. Further, angular MOKE hysteresis measurements with simultaneous domain imaging revealed four-fold surface anisotropy in as-deposited film ensuing magnetization reversal via branched and ripple domains. The annealing treatment in Ar+H2 atmosphere removed surface anisotropy and renovated the magnetization reversal through 180° branched domains with rapid magnetization switching. Ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy discloses reduction in the gyromagnetic ratio (γ) as well as in Gilbert damping parameter (α) as the film thickness increases. The lowest Gilbert damping for 330 nm film measured at 0.022, which further reduced to 0.018 after annealing. The combination of rapid magnetization switching and low Gilbert damping in the electrodeposited permalloy thin films render them promising for implementation in high-frequency microwave devices devices and magnetic sensors.
Multi-channel switch and sensing applications based on multilayered annular graphene metamaterials at terahertz frequency
Authors: Yu Yuesi , Cui Zherui , Wen Kunhua , Lv Haopeng , Liu Wenjie , Zhang Ruiling , Liu Runming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, a novel silica-graphene–silica periodic graphene structure consisting of six graphene semi-rings is proposed. The structure is based on a three-layer graphene metamaterial with a semicircular ring that achieves a tunable double plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) effect. In the proposed structure, the double-PIT window can be switched simultaneously at multiple frequencies through the dynamic tunability of graphene. Besides, the sensitivities of the refractive index for the PIT windows are investigated with the maximum values of 1.42 THz RIU−1 and 1.09 THz RIU−1, respectively, indicating the structure’s performance as a terahertz sensor. Overall, it shows the potential of PIT effect in graphene metamaterials in controlling electromagnetic field responses. It has made positive contributions to the development of terahertz technology and related fields.
Plasma rotation and diamagnetic drift effects on the resistive wall modes in the negative triangularity tokamaks
Authors: Zheng Linjin , Kotschenreuther M.T. , Waelbroeck F.L. , Austin M.E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
It was found previously that the negative triangularity (NT) configuration is more MHD-unstable for low n modes than the positive triangularity (PT) case, although the situation is reversed for intermediate n modes and the NT configuration becomes more stable for intermediate n modes (

n
=
3
−
10

) (Zheng et al 2021 Nucl. Fusion
61 116014). Here, n is the toroidal mode number. In this work, we extend the studies to include the rotation effects, as well as the diamagnetic drift effects, to see how the resistive wall modes (RWMs) in the NT configuration are affected as compared with the PT configuration. This is particularly motivated by noting that the wall interface with the plasma is quite different between the NT and PT configurations. It affects the plasma rotation and diamagnetic drift effects on the low n RWM. We consider the DIII-D-NT-experiment equilibrium reconstructed by the EFIT code. Based on the equilibrium g-file, the extended equilibria are constructed with the VMEC code by varying the beta values while keeping the pressure and poloidal current flux profiles basically unchanged. The bootstrap current contribution to the equilibria is taken into account with the Sauter formula. The MHD stability is then computed using the AEGIS code with the rotation and diamagnetic drift effects taken into account. We found that, although the NT configuration is less stable for n = 1 MHD modes, the rotation and diamagnetic drift stabilization effects on RWMs are more effective in the NT configuration than in the PT one. Note that even in the PT case, the stabilization of RWMs by the rotation and kinetic effects is critical. Because the low-n RWMs in the regular NT case are more unstable, the rotation and diamagnetic drift stabilization effects found in this research are important for the NT tokamak concept.
Refine neutrino events reconstruction with BEiT-3
Authors: Li Chen , Cai Hao , Jiang Xianyang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Neutrino Events Reconstruction has always been crucial for
IceCube Neutrino Observatory. In the Kaggle competition “IceCube
— Neutrinos in Deep Ice”, many solutions use Transformer. We
present ISeeCube, a pure Transformer model based on
TorchScale (the backbone of BEiT-3). When having relatively
same amount of total trainable parameters, our model outperforms the
2nd place solution. By using TorchScale, the
lines of code drop sharply by about 80% and a lot of new methods
can be tested by simply adjusting configs. We compared two
fundamental models for predictions on a continuous space, regression
and classification, trained with MSE Loss and CE Loss
respectively. We also propose a new metric, overlap ratio, to
evaluate the performance of the model. Since the model is simple
enough, it has the potential to be used for more purposes such as
energy reconstruction, and many new methods such as combining it
with GraphNeT can be tested more easily. The code and
pretrained models are available at
https://github.com/ChenLi2049/ISeeCube.
Field theory equivalences as spans of

L
∞

-algebras
Authors: Jalali Farahani Mehran , Saemann Christian , Wolf Martin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Semi-classically equivalent field theories are related by a quasi-isomorphism between their underlying

L
∞

-algebras, but such a quasi-isomorphism is not necessarily a homotopy transfer. We demonstrate that all quasi-isomorphisms can be lifted to spans of

L
∞

-algebras in which the quasi-isomorphic

L
∞

-algebras are obtained from a correspondence

L
∞

-algebra by a homotopy transfer. Our construction is very useful: homotopy transfer is computationally tractable, and physically, it amounts to integrating out fields in a Feynman diagram expansion. Spans of

L
∞

-algebras allow for a clean definition of quasi-isomorphisms of cyclic

L
∞

-algebras. Furthermore, they appear naturally in many contexts within physics. As examples, we first consider scalar field theory with interaction vertices blown up in different ways. We then show that (non-Abelian) T-duality can be seen as a span of

L
∞

-algebras, and we provide full details in the case of the principal chiral model. We also present the relevant span of

L
∞

-algebras for the Penrose–Ward transform in the context of self-dual Yang–Mills theory and Bogomolny monopoles.
A bioinspired neuromuscular system enabled by flexible electro-optical N2200 nanowire synaptic transistor
Authors: Hu Jiahe , Qu Shangda , Xu Honghuan , Sun Lin , Jiang Chengpeng , Yang Lu , Du Yi , Xu Wentao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Mimicking the functional traits of the muscle system evolves the development of the neuromorphic prosthetic limbs. Herein, a bioinspired neuromuscular system was constructed by connecting an information processor that uses a flexible electro-optical synaptic transistor (FNST) to an effector that uses artificial muscle fibers. In this system, the response of artificial muscle fibers, which imitate the movement of biological muscle fibers, is manipulated by neuromorphic synaptic devices. The FNST is regulated by light pulses and electrical spikes to emulate biological synaptic functions, and thereby applied in secure communication. The feasibility of n-type organic nanowires acting as the channels for neuromorphic devices was demonstrated. Attributing to the flexibility of the n-type organic semiconductor N2200 nanowires, the current of the FNST retains >85% of its initial value after the 5000 bending cycles to radius = 1 cm. The tolerance of bending of the FNST implies its potential applications in wearable electronics. This work offers an approach to potentially advancing electronic skin, neuro-controlled robots, and neuromorphic prosthetic limbs.
Alienation
Authors: Wills Vanessa Christina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Chapter 4 argues that human beings are essentially social beings who produce their own existence through conscious, purposive activity in the labor process. In alienation, this process is frustrated. Human products—material, social, and intellectual—take on a foreign and hostile character. Instead of furthering human aims, alienated products of human labor thwart their creators’ intentions. The fact that these ideal and material creations have been produced through human activity, and can be controlled and directed through that activity, is partly or entirely obscured. This chapter addresses a long-standing debate in Marx interpretation as to whether Marx abandons the “alienation” concept in his later work. It argues that Marx does not do so; while there are terminological changes, the “alienation” concept continues to play a substantive role in Marx’s theory. Alienation is contrary to, and impedes the development of, essential human nature; this is a central tenet of Marx’s ethical perspective.
Radical Chains (Marx on Freedom and Determinism)
Authors: Wills Vanessa Christina 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces the term “dialectical compatibilism” to highlight how Marx’s approach to freedom and determinism enters into conversation with traditional analyses of this pairing. Much confusion surrounding Marx’s positions on freedom and determinism stems from the fact that for Marx this is an evolving, historically contingent relationship. One cannot issue timeless, universal statements about the degree to which external determining factors influence human behavior, or concerning the extent to which this behavior is the free and voluntary action of human beings. Marx’s picture is not of a compatibility between freedom and determinism that holds true in precisely the same way for all humans across time and space, but rather of a human freedom that grows, spurred in part by the operation of deterministic laws. In human activity, freedom and determinism are mutually conditioned in ways that produce their ever greater dialectical compatibility, unfolding across time.
Evaluation of the HANDOC Score and the 2023 International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases and European Society of Cardiology Duke Clinical Criteria for the Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis Among Patients With Streptococcal Bacteremia
Authors: Fourré Nicolas , Zimmermann Virgile , Senn Laurence , Monney Pierre , Tzimas Georgios , Caruana Giorgia , Tozzi Piergiorgio , Kirsch Matthias , Guery Benoit , Papadimitriou-Olivgeris Matthaios 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Streptococci are a common cause of infective endocarditis (IE). We aimed to evaluate the performance of the HANDOC score to identify patients at high risk for IE and the Duke clinical criteria of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC; 2015 and 2023 versions) and the 2023 version from the International Society of Cardiovascular Infectious Diseases (ISCVID) in diagnosing IE among patients with streptococcal bacteremia.

Methods
This retrospective study included adult patients with streptococcal bacteremia hospitalized at Lausanne University Hospital. Episodes were classified as IE by the Endocarditis Team. A HANDOC score &gt;2 classified patients as high risk for IE.

Results
Among 851 episodes with streptococcal bacteremia, IE was diagnosed in 171 episodes (20%). Among 607 episodes with non-β-hemolytic streptococci, 213 (35%) had HANDOC scores &gt;2 points; 132 (22%) had IE. The sensitivity of the HANDOC score to identify episodes at high risk for IE was 95% (95% confidence interval [CI], 90%–98%), the specificity 82% (95% CI, 78%–85%), and the negative predictive value (NPV) 98% (95% CI, 96%–99%). 2015 Duke-ESC, 2023 Duke-ISCVID, and 2023 Duke-ESC clinical criteria classified 114 (13%), 145 (17%), and 126 (15%) episodes as definite IE, respectively. Sensitivity (95% CI) for the 2015 Duke-ESC, 2023 Duke-ISCVID, and 2023 Duke-ESC clinical criteria was calculated at 65% (57%–72%), 81% (74%–86%), and 73% (65%–79%), respectively, with specificity (95% CI) at 100% (98%–100%), 99% (98%–100%), and 99% (98%–100%), respectively.

Conclusions
The HANDOC score showed an excellent NPV to identify episodes at high risk for IE. Among the different versions of the Duke criteria, the 2023 Duke-ISCVID version fared better for the diagnosis of IE among streptococcal bacteremia.
Functional modularity and mechanical stress shape plastic responses during fish development
Authors: Lofeu Leandro , Montefeltro Felipe , Simon Monique Nouailhetas , Kohlsdorf Tiana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The adaptive potential of plastic phenotypes relies on combined developmental responses. We investigated how manipulation of developmental conditions related to foraging mode in the fish Megaleporinus macrocephalus induces plastic responses at different levels: (a) functional modularity of skull bones, (b) biomechanical properties of the chondrocranium using finite element models, (c) bmp4 expression levels, used as a proxy for molecular pathways involved in bone responses to mechanical load. We identified new modules in experimental groups, suggesting increased integration in specific head bone elements associated with the development of subterminal and upturned mouths, which are major features of Megaleporinus plastic morphotypes released in the lab. Plastic responses in head shape involved differences in the magnitude of mechanical stress, which seem restricted to certain chondrocranium regions. Three bones represent a “mechanical unit” related to changes in mouth position induced by foraging mode, suggesting that functional modularity might be enhanced by the way specific regions respond to mechanical load. Differences in bmp4 expression levels between plastic morphotypes indicate associations between molecular signaling pathways and biomechanical responses to load. Our results offer a multilevel perspective of epigenetic factors involved in plastic responses, expanding our knowledge about mechanisms of developmental plasticity that originate novel complex phenotypes.