bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) in urothelial cancers of human bladder: relation to clinicopathological and molecular parameters
Authors: Kalogris Cristina , Caprodossi Sara , Amantini Consuelo , Lambertucci Federica , Nabissi Massimo , Morelli Maria Beatrice , Farfariello Valerio , Filosa Alessandra , Emiliozzi Maria Cristina , Mammana Gabriele , Santoni Giorgio 
Published: November 2010

Kalogris C, Caprodossi S, Amantini C, Lambertucci F, Nabissi M, Morelli M B, Farfariello V, Filosa A, Emiliozzi M C, Mammana G & Santoni G (2010) Histopathology 57, 744–752 Expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid‐1 (TRPV1) in urothelial cancers of human bladder: relation to clinicopathological and molecular parametersAims:  To evaluate the expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid type‐1 channel protein (TRPV1) in normal and neoplastic urothelial tissues and to correlate TRPV1 expression with clinicopathological parameters and disease‐specific survival.Methods and results:  TRPV1 expression was analysed in normal and neoplastic urothelial samples at both mRNA and protein levels by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry, respectively. TRPV1 downregulation was found in urothelial cancer (UC) specimens, which correlated with tumour progression. Moreover, TRPV1 mRNA levels were associated with clinicopathological parameters to assess the role of TRPV1 downregulation as a negative prognostic factor for survival. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis demonstrated a significantly shorter survival in patients showing TRPV1 mRNA downregulation. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated further that TRPV1 mRNA expression retained its significance as an independent risk factor.Conclusions:  The progression of UC of human bladder is associated with a marked decrease in TRPV1 expression, with a progressive loss in high‐grade muscle invasive UC. Downregulation of TRPV1 mRNA expression may represent an independent negative prognostic factor for bladder cancer patients.
How important is peritoneal involvement in rectal cancer? A prospective study of 331 cases
Authors: Mitchard John R , Love Sharon B , Baxter Karol J , Shepherd Neil A 
Published: November 2010

Mitchard J R, Love S B, Baxter K J & Shepherd N A  (2010) Histopathology57, 671–679  How important is peritoneal involvement in rectal cancer? A prospective study of 331 casesBackground and aims:  The importance of circumferential resection margin involvement in predicting locoregional recurrence and death from rectal cancer is well known. However, it is well accepted that cases of rectal carcinoma recur when this surgical margin is not compromised. The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of peritoneal involvement, among other clinicopathological variables, on locoregional recurrence and overall prognosis in an unselected prospective series of rectal cancer resections.Methods and results:  This unselected prospective study assessed 331 rectal carcinoma cases from a colorectal cancer study that recruited more than 1000 cases. Meticulous pathological examination was performed by one pathologist, with particular attention paid to the peritoneal surface. All clinicopathological variables were entered into a database with comprehensive clinical follow‐up. Peritoneal involvement was a significant factor in prognosis on univariate analysis but not on multivariate analysis. However, in analysing the causes of locoregional recurrence specifically, it may have been a factor in causing this in up to half the cases.Conclusions:  This study adds to the small amount of literature data on the potential importance of peritoneal involvement in predicting locoregional recurrence and overall prognosis, especially in upper rectal cancer.
Myxoid epithelioid sarcoma: a diagnostic challenge. A report on six cases
Authors: Flucke Uta , Hulsebos Theo J M , Van Krieken J Han J M , Mentzel Thomas 
Published: November 2010

Flucke U, Hulsebos T J M, van Krieken J H J M & Mentzel T (2010) Histopathology57, 753–759  Myxoid epithelioid sarcoma: a diagnostic challenge. A report on six casesAims:  Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a distinct sarcoma‐type with a specific morphology and immunophenotype. Whereas focal myxoid change does occur, to our knowledge only two cases of ES with diffuse myxoid stroma have been reported previously. To characterize more clearly the myxoid variant of ES, we describe six additional cases and discuss the differential diagnoses.Methods and results:  Cases were retrieved from the authors’ files and studied histologically, immunohistochemically and by molecular methods. The age of the patients, four females and two males, ranged from 16 to 74 years (median: 33 years). The neoplasms arose in an extremity (two cases), the abdominal wall, groin, perineum and shoulder (one case each). Histologically, four cases were of the conventional type, and two were of the proximal type and the immunophenotype was typical for ES. The tumour stroma, however, revealed prominent myxoid changes, ranging from 50 to 90% (median: 75%). Only one of the proximal type ES showed a SMARCB1 mutation, whereas the other tumours showed no mutation.Conclusions:  The myxoid variant of ES represents a diagnostic challenge and may be confused with other benign and malignant myxoid neoplasms. The main differential diagnosis is myoepithelioma of the skin and soft tissue.
The PsbW protein stabilizes the supramolecular organization of photosystem II in higher plants
Authors: García‐Cerdán José G. , Kovács Laszlo , Tóth Tünde , Kereïche Sami , Aseeva Elena , Boekema Egbert J. , Mamedov Fikret , Funk Christiane , Schröder Wolfgang P. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryPsbW, a 6.1‐kDa low‐molecular‐weight protein, is exclusive to photosynthetic eukaryotes, and associates with the photosystem II (PSII) protein complex. In vivo and in vitro comparison of Arabidopsis thaliana wild‐type plants with T‐DNA insertion knock‐out mutants completely lacking the PsbW protein, or with antisense inhibition plants exhibiting decreased levels of PsbW, demonstrated that the loss of PsbW destabilizes the supramolecular organization of PSII. No PSII‐LHCII supercomplexes could be detected or isolated in the absence of the PsbW protein. These changes in macro‐organization were accompanied by a minor decrease in the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter FV/FM, a strongly decreased PSII core protein phosphorylation and a modification of the redox state of the plastoquinone (PQ) pool in dark‐adapted leaves. In addition, the absence of PsbW protein led to faster redox changes in the PQ pool, i.e. transitions from state 1 to state 2, as measured by changes in stationary fluorescence (FS) kinetics, compared with the wild type. Despite these dramatic effects on macromolecular structure, the transgenic plants exhibited no significant phenotype under normal growth conditions. We suggest that the PsbW protein is located close to the minor antenna of the PSII complex, and is important for the contact and stability between several PSII‐LHCII supercomplexes.
Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders in lung transplant recipients: 20‐yr experience at the University of Minnesota
Authors: Wudhikarn Kitsada , Holman C.J. , Linan M. , Blaes A.H. , Dunitz J.M. , Hertz M.E. , Peterson B.A. 
Published: November 2010

Wudhikarn K, Holman CJ, Linan M, Blaes AH, Dunitz JM, Hertz ME, Peterson BA. Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders in lung transplant recipients: 20‐yr experience at the University of Minnesota. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 705–713. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are potentially fatal complications of solid organ transplantation. The natural history of PTLD varies considerably among the different types of organs transplanted. While lung transplant recipients are highly susceptible to PTLD, there are only a few small studies that detail PTLD in this setting. We undertook this study to better describe the characteristics and treatment response in PTLD after lung transplantation. We conducted a retrospective chart review of lung and heart/lung‐transplant recipients between 1985 and 2008. A total of 32 cases (5%) of PTLD were identified in 639 patients. The median interval after transplantation to the diagnosis was 40 (3–242) months. Eight patients (25%) were diagnosed within one yr of transplantation and had PTLD predominantly within the thorax and allograft. Twenty‐four patients (75%) were diagnosed more than one yr after transplantation and their tumors mainly affected the gastrointestinal tract. Monomorphic PTLD, diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, was diagnosed in 91%. Treatment of PTLD varied according to stage and clinical circumstances. Twenty‐four patients (75%) have died. The median overall survival was 10 (0–108) months. PTLD after lung transplantation remains a challenge as a result of its frequency, complexity and disappointing outcome.
Clinical outcomes of liver transplantation for HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma: data from the NIH HBV OLT study
Authors: Han Steven‐Huy , Reddy K. Rajender , Keeffe Emmet B. , Soldevila‐Pico Consuelo , Gish Robert , Chung Raymond T. , Degertekin Bulent , Lok Anna ,   the NIH HBV OLT Study Group
Published: November 2010

Han SH, Reddy KR, Keeffe EB, Soldevila‐Pico C, Gish R, Chung RT, Degertekin B, Lok ASF. Clinical outcomes of liver transplantation for HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma: data from the NIH HBV‐OLT study.  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: E152–E162. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  Hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an indication for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in patients with tumor stage within the United Network for Organ Sharing criteria. The number of patients listed for HBV‐related HCC is increasing, while the number of patients listed for HBV‐related cirrhosis is declining presumptively because of the availability of more effective oral nucleos(t)ide analogues. This study presents the final, long‐term outcome of patients transplanted for HBV‐related HCC in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) HBV OLT Study Group.Results:  Ninety‐eight patients (52.4%) in the NIH HBV OLT cohort underwent OLT for HBV‐related HCC. With a mean follow‐up of 36.5 months post‐OLT, 12 (12.2%) patients developed recurrence of HCC. Multivariate analysis did not find a statistically significant role of gender, tumor stage at OLT, pre‐OLT HCC treatment, recurrence of HBV, or duration of HCC diagnosis pre‐OLT in predicting HCC recurrence. Serum alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) level >200 ng/mL at transplant was found to be statistically significant in predicting HCC recurrence (p = 0.003). HCC recurrence was significantly associated with decreased post‐OLT survival.Conclusion:  HCC is the most common indication for OLT in patients with chronic hepatitis B in the era of more effective oral antivirals. Serum AFP at the time of OLT is significantly associated with HCC recurrence.
Hyponatremia a valuable predictor of early mortality in patients with cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation
Authors: Moini Maryam , Hoseini‐Asl Mohammad Kazem , Taghavi Seyed Alireza , Sagheb Mohammad M. , Nikeghbalian Saman , Salahi Heshmatalah , Bahador Ali , Motazedian Motahareh , Jafari Peyman , Malek‐Hosseini Sayed Ali 
Published: November 2010

Moini M, Hoseini‐Asl MK, Taghavi SA, Sagheb MM, Nikeghbalian S, Salahi H, Bahador A, Motazedian M, Jafari P, Malek‐Hosseini SA. Hyponatremia a valuable predictor of early mortality in patients with cirrhosis listed for liver transplantation. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 638–645. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  The current policy for organ allocation in liver transplantation is to give priority to the sickest patients mostly using model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score in ranking. However, other factors as serum sodium may be of value in predicting early mortality. In this single‐center study, patients with cirrhosis over age 14 on the liver transplant wait‐list from September 1998 to June 2007 were followed for six months from the time of listing to evaluate the value of hyponatremia on mortality. Of 612 listed patients, 51 were transplanted who were excluded from survival analysis and 55 died without transplantation within the first three months. The numbers of transplanted and dead patients during months 3–6 were 29 and 24, respectively. Both MELD score and serum sodium at the time of listing were independent predictors of early mortality. On bivariate analysis, serum sodium of <130 mEq/L beside MELD was a significant predictor of mortality within 90 and 180 d. Serum sodium level <135 mEq/L masked the difference in mortality between patients with refractory and non‐refractory ascites. Serum sodium level of <130 mEq/L and an increased MELD score are significant predictors of early mortality in patients listed for liver transplantation.
Long‐term outcome in 42 pediatric liver transplant patients with alpha 1‐antitrypsin deficiency: a single‐center experience
Authors: Hughes Michael G. , Khan Khalid M. , Gruessner Angelika C. , Sharp Harvey , Hill Mark , Jie Tun , Kandaswamy Raja , Humar Abhinav , Payne William D. , Gruessner Rainer W. G. 
Published: November 2010

Hughes MG Jr, Khan KM, Gruessner AC, Sharp H, Hill M, Jie T, Kandaswamy R, Humar A, Payne WD, Gruessner RWG. Long‐term outcome in 42 pediatric liver transplant patients with alpha 1‐antitrypsin deficiency: a single‐center experience. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 731–736. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Introduction:  We examined the long‐term outcome of transplantation for alpha 1‐antitrypsin deficiency (A1ATD).Method:  Data were reviewed on 42 transplants in 35 children with A1ATD over 42 yr and compared with 129 transplants in 116 children with biliary atresia (BA).Results:  Over 50% of patients were followed up for >10 yr. A1ATD were older than BA at transplantation, median age, 6.0 vs. 1.0 yr (p < 0.0001), and transplanted earlier in the course of liver failure (total bilirubin, 2.7 mg/dL [1.4–6.9] vs. 9.7 mg/dL [2.9–15.4], p = 0.005). Patient survival was greater in A1ATD than BA: one‐yr post‐transplant, 82.7% vs. 67.9%; five yr, 76.5% vs. 60.2%; and 10 yr, 76.5% vs. 55.9% (p = 0.03). Death‐censored graft survival was similar: one‐yr post‐transplant, 68.4% vs. 66.2%; five yr, 68.4% vs. 55.8%; and 10 yr, 68.4% vs. 52.5% (p = 0.2). Deaths were from infection, hemorrhage, and graft failure <6 months post‐transplant. Patient survival improved at five yr from 33.3% pre‐cyclosporine (CSA) (1969–1984) (n = 6) to 76.5% in the CSA era (1985–1994) (n = 17) and 100% with tacrolimus (1995–2006) (n = 12) (p = 0.007).Conclusions:  The age at transplantation and the degree of liver dysfunction were related to the differences in graft and patient survival between A1AT and BA.
Detection of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus from old discs of dead Pinus armandii var. amamiana trees using a new detection kit
Authors: Kanetani S. , Kikuchi T. , Akiba M. , Nakamura K. , Ikegame H. , Tetsuka K. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryWe examined the effectiveness of a new Bursaphelenchus xylophilus detection kit, based on loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), in old discs taken from the stem base of B. xylophilus‐infested dead trees of Pinus armandii var. amamiana (PAAm) occurring in their natural habitats. LAMP products, representing a past B. xylophilus infection, were detected in two consecutive trials from 16 of 20 discs collected from PAAm trees that died between 2003 and 2006. Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were more frequently detected using LAMP in wood samples taken from sapwood than from heartwood. No significant differences in the detection of B. xylophilus using LAMP were observed in relation to the disc collection time (from 3 to 6 years before the analysis). Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were not detected using LAMP in four discs, although a B. xylophilus infection had been confirmed for the original PAAm trees at the time they were found dead. This may have resulted from the small amount of wood chips needed for the LAMP test or the reduced number and uneven distribution of the nematode in the old dead trees. The results indicate that the new B. xylophilus detection kit will be a very efficient tool for conducting retrospective analysis of PAAm mortality factors.
Relationship between childhood short stature and academic achievement in adolescents and young adults – a longitudinal study
Authors: Tran Uyen N , O'Callaghan Michael J , Mamun Abdullah A , Najman Jake M , Williams Gail M , Bor William 
Published: November 2010

Aim:  To determine if short stature at 14 or 21 years and patterns of ‘catch‐up’ growth from 5 to 14 or 21 years are related to academic achievement in adolescents.Methods:  The Mater University of Queensland Study of Pregnancy is a longitudinal study of 7223 singleton infants born between 1981 and 1984. Data were available for cross‐sectional analyses of 3785 adolescents of whom 2149 were seen as young adults. Longitudinal patterns of growth were examined for 2936 subjects from 5 to 14 years and 1753 subjects from 5 to 21 years.Results:  Adolescents or young adults with height <10th centile had a lower mean Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT) score in adolescence and at 21 years than those of normal height (2.7 and 3.0 points, respectively) and increased odds of a WRAT score <85 (1.57 and 1.87, respectively) and learning difficulties (1.61 and 1.78, respectively). For growth patterns from 5 to 14 years, adolescents short at 5 years, irrespective of height at 14 years, had a lower mean WRAT score and increased odds of WRAT score <85 and learning difficulties. However, for growth patterns from 5 to 21 years, only the group short at both ages had increased learning difficulties.Conclusions:  Youth short at 14 years or at 21 years and those persistently short have an increased prevalence of academic difficulties. Catch‐up growth by 21, although not 14 years, was associated with improved outcomes.
Lessons from the swine flu: Pandemic, panic and/or pandemonium?
Authors: Isaacs David 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe 2009 pandemic of swine‐origin A/H1N1 influenza (swine flu) spread rapidly in Australia and there was a prolonged winter outbreak lasting 18 weeks. For Australian children, the case fatality rate of swine flu was no higher than for severe seasonal influenza. Because of the high number of children infected with swine flu, however, there were more children admitted to hospital than usual and more children died. Health‐care services (emergency departments, medical wards and intensive care units) were stretched. The introduction of special influenza clinics helped services cope. Pregnant women were at high risk of severe swine flu and seven pregnant women and seven of their babies died. Future pandemic planning should consider severity of influenza, in addition to rapidity of spread, as a criterion for escalating interventions.
Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor inhibits neutrophil apoptosis
Authors: SUBRAMANIYAM Devipriya , HOLLANDER Camilla , WESTIN Ulla , ERJEFÄLT Jonas , STEVENS Tim , JANCIAUSKIENE Sabina 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  The secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) is a major anti‐elastase barrier at the epithelial surfaces of upper respiratory tract. In addition to its anti‐protease activity, SLPI has been shown to express anti‐bacterial, anti‐viral and anti‐inflammatory properties.Methods:  We measured SLPI concentration in nasal lavage fluid of healthy volunteers after challenge with endotoxin (LPS) and evaluated SLPI effects in vitro on neutrophil chemotaxis, adhesion, cytokine (IL‐8) release and apoptosis.Results:  SLPI concentration in nasal lavage (n = 9) 2, 6 and 24 h after the challenge with LPS (25 µg) increased from 32% to 238% compared with baseline (226 ± 71 ng/mL). In vitro, SLPI (20–80 µg/mL) induced neutrophil chemotaxis (sixfold, P < 0.001) and decreased neutrophil apoptosis by 73% (P = 0.006), relative to controls. However, SLPI had no affect on IL‐8 release or neutrophil adhesion to fibronectin. SLPI‐positive immunoreactivity was co‐localized with neutrophils in lung specimens from patients with COPD.Conclusions:  Our findings indicate upregulation of SLPI in response to LPS in nasal secretions and show anti‐apoptotic effects of SLPI in primary human neutrophils suggesting a new role of SLPI during neutrophilic inflammation.
Increased prevalence of primary drug‐resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in immunocompromised patients
Authors: JIANG Jung‐Rern , YEN Shiao‐Yu , WANG Jann‐Yuan 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Drug‐resistant tuberculosis (DR‐TB) is difficult and expensive to treat, and is associated with a higher rate of mortality. We conducted a long‐term survey to compare the prevalence of primary drug‐resistance, adverse effects of drugs and duration of treatment in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Factors associated with primary drug resistance were also investigated.Methods:  The patients studied had culture‐confirmed pulmonary TB but had not previously received anti‐TB treatment. These patients were divided into immunocompetent (IMCPe) and immunocompromised (IMCPr) groups. Baseline data, the prevalence of DR‐TB, duration of treatment and adverse effects of drugs were analysed. The rates of resistance to individual first‐line anti‐TB drugs in the two groups and in subgroups of the IMCPr group were calculated. Multinomial regression analysis was performed to investigate the risk factors associated with primary DR‐TB.Results:  Among the 394 patients, 159 (40.4%) were in the IMCPr group. The baseline data for the two groups were similar, except that the IMCPr group was slightly older. The prevalence of drug‐resistance was higher in the IMCPr group (25.8% vs 17.0%, OR 1.69, 95% CI: 1.04–2.77), especially for isoniazid, rifampicin and streptomycin, and patients with liver cirrhosis, malignancies and those receiving immunosuppressants. The incidence of adverse drug effects was similar in the IMCPr and IMCPe groups. Multinomial regression analysis showed that being in the IMCPr group, and especially treatment with immunosuppressants, were independent risk factors for DR‐TB.Conclusions:  Immunocompromised patients with underlying diseases had an increased prevalence of primary pulmonary DR‐TB but a similar incidence of drug‐related adverse effects. Diagnosis and investigation of drug‐resistance is important before initiating anti‐TB treatment in this group of patients.