APLIKASI ASAP CAIR ARANG SEKAM TERHADAP POPULASI KUTU KEBUL (Bemisia tabaci) PADA EDAMAME (Glycine max L. MERRILL)
Authors: Musthofa Achmad Hadi , Utami Christa Dyah , Mukhlisin Ilham , Alif Trisnani 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRAKBemisia tabaci adalah salah satu hama pada kedelai yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi hingga 80%. Umumnya petani masih menggunakan insektisida sintetis yang menyebabkan hama resisten dan membunuh arthropoda menguntungkan. Perlu adanya alternatif insektisida yang aman bagi lingkungan maupun manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh aplikasi asap cair arang sekam (ACAS) padi pada populasi kutu kebul (Bemisia tabaci). Tiga jenis perlakuan yang digunakan adalah: G3: ACAS grade 3 konsentrasi 3%; G2: ACAS grade 2 konsentrasi 4%; dan IMI: insektisida sintetis berbahan aktif imidakloprid. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode perbandingan perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan diaplikasikan pada plot berukuran 20 m2. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisa menggunakan uji non parametrik Kruskal Wallis. Hasil pengamatan populasi B. tabaci pada semua jenis perlakuan mengalami peningkatan seiring bertambahnya umur tanaman dan mengalami penurunan mulai 52 HST selanjutnya semakin menurun hingga 59 HST. Populasi B. tabaci secara keseluruhan akibat aplikasi imidakloprid sebanyak 15.70 individu berbeda nyata jika dibanding dengan aplikasi ACAS grade 3 maupun grade 2. Asap cair arang sekam grade 3 konsentrasi 3% mengakibatkan populasi B. tabaci 28.94. Perlakuan ini lebih berpotensi menekan populasi B. tabaci dibanding ACAS grade 2 konsentrasi 4% yang menekan populasi B. tabaci menjadi 29.13. Kedua perlakuan ACAS tersebut masih kurang optimal jika dibandingkan insektisida sintetis berbahan aktif imidakloprid dalam menekan populasi B. tabaci pada tanaman kedelai edamame.ABSTRACTBemisia tabaci is a pest in soybeans that can cause a reduction in production of up to 80%. Generally, farmers still use synthetic insecticides which cause pest resistance and kill beneficial arthropods. There is a need for alternative insecticides that are safe for the environment and humans. This research aims to examine the effect of application of rice husk charcoal liquid smoke (ACAS) on whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) populations. The three types of treatment used are: G3: ACAS grade 3 concentration 3%; G2: ACAS grade 2 concentration 4%; and IMI: synthetic insecticide containing the active ingredient imidacloprid. This research uses a treatment comparison method. Each treatment was applied to a plot measuring 20 m2. Observation data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test. The results of observations of the B. tabaci population in all types of treatment increased as the age of the plant increased, and decreased starting at 52 HST and decreasing further until 59 HST. The overall population of B. tabaci due to imidacloprid application was 15.70 individuals, which was significantly different when compared to the application of ACAS grade 3 or grade 2. Liquid smoke from grade 3 husk charcoal with a concentration of 3% resulted in a B. tabaci population of 28.94. This treatment has more potential to suppress the B. tabaci population compared to ACAS grade 2 concentration 4% which suppresses the B. tabaci population to 29.13. These two ACAS treatments are still less than optimal compared to the synthetic insecticide containing the active ingredient imidacloprid in suppressing the B. tabaci population in edamame soybean plants. Keywords: bioinsecticide, GCMS, whitefly, liquid smoke, bemisia tabaci