bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of the DivergentSalmonellaandShigellaEpithelial Colonization Strategies Resolved in Human Enteroids and Colonoids
Authors: Geiser Petra , Martino Maria Letizia Di , Lopes Ana C. C. , Bergholtz Alexandra , Sundbom Magnus , Skogar Martin , Graf Wilhelm , Webb Dominic-Luc , Hellström Per M. , Eriksson Jens , Sellin Mikael E. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTDespite close relatedness, the major enteropathogensSalmonellaandShigelladiffer in infectious dose, pathogenesis, and disease kinetics. The prototype strainsSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (Salmonella) andShigella flexneri(Shigella) use Type-3-secretion-systems (T3SSs) to colonize intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), but have evolved partially unique sets of T3SS effectors and accessory virulence factors. A synthesis of how these differences impact the temporal progression of infection in non-transformed human epithelia is missing. Here, we followedSalmonellaandShigellainfections of human enteroids and colonoids by time-lapse imaging to pinpoint virulence factor modules that shape the divergent epithelial colonization strategies. By an apical targeting module that integrates flagella and the SPI-4-encoded adhesin system with T3SS,Salmonellaaccomplishes appreciable numbers of apical invasion events, promptly terminated by IEC death, and thus fostering a polyclonal iterative epithelial colonization strategy. The lack of a corresponding module inShigellamakes this pathogen reliant on external factors such as preexisting damage for rare apical access to the intraepithelial environment. However,Shigellacompensates for this ineptness by an intraepithelial expansion module, where tight coupling of OspC3-dependent temporal delay of cell death and IcsA-mediated lateral spread enables intraepithelialShigellato outrun the IEC death response, fostering an essentially monoclonal colonization strategy.
Phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate drives the formation of EGFR and EphA2 complexes
Authors: Singh Pradeep Kumar , Rybak Jennifer A , Schuck Ryan J , Barrera Francisco N , Smith Adam W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReceptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate many cellular functions and are important targets in pharmaceutical development, particularly in cancer treatment. EGFR and EphA2 are two key RTKs that are associated with oncogenic phenotypes. Several studies have reported functional interplay between these receptors, but the mechanism of interaction is still unresolved. Here we utilize a time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy called PIE-FCCS to resolve EGFR and EphA2 interactions in live cells. We tested the role of ligands and found that EGF, but not ephrin A1 (EA1), stimulated hetero-multimerization between the receptors. To determine the effect of anionic lipids, we targeted phospholipase C (PLC) activity to alter the abundance of phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). We found that higher PIP2levels increased homo-multimerization of both EGFR and EphA2, as well as hetero-multimerization. This study provides a direct characterization of EGFR and EphA2 interactions in live cells and shows that PIP2can have a substantial effect on the spatial organization of RTKs.
Niche-aware metagenomic screening for enzyme methioninase illuminates its contribution to metabolic syntrophy
Authors: Khamespanah Erfan , Asad Sedigheh , Vanak Zeynab , Mehrshad Maliheh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe single step methioninase-mediated degradation of methionine (as a sulfur containing amino acid) is a reaction at the interface of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, and methane metabolism in microbes. This enzyme is also a therapeutic target for its role in starving auxotrophic cancer cells. Applying our refinedin-silicoscreening pipeline on 33,469 publicly available genome assemblies and 1878 MAGs/SAGs from brackish waters of the Caspian Sea and the Fennoscandian shield deep groundwater resulted in recovering 1845 methioninases. The majority of recovered methioninases belong to representatives of phyla Proteobacteria (50%), Firmicutes (29%), and Firmicutes_A (13%). Prevalence of methioninase among anaerobic microbes and in the anoxic deep groundwater together with the relevance of its products for energy conservation in anaerobic metabolism highlights such environments as desirable targets for screening novel methioninases and resolving its contribution to microbial metabolism and interactions. Among archaea, majority of detected methioninsaes are from representatives ofMethanosarcinathat are able to use methanethiol, the sulfur containing product from methionine degradation, as a precursor for methanogenesis. Branching just outside these archaeal methioninases in the phylogenetic tree we recovered 3 methioninases belonging to representatives of Patescibacteria reconstructed from deep groundwater metagenomes. We hypothesize that methioninase in Patescibacteria could contribute to their syntrophic interactions where their methanogenic partners/hosts benefit from the produced 2-oxobutyrate and methanethiol.
Modulation of aggression by social novelty recognition memory in the hippocampal CA2 region
Authors: Villegas Andres , Siegelbaum Steven A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dorsal CA2 subregion (dCA2) of the hippocampus exerts a critical role in social novelty recognition (SNR) memory and in the promotion of social aggression. Whether the social aggression and SNR memory functions of dCA2 are related or represent independent processes is unknown. Here we investigated the hypotheses that an animal is more likely to attack a novel compared to familiar animal and that dCA2 promotes social aggression through its ability to discriminate between novel and familiar conspecifics. To test these ideas, we conducted a multi-day resident intruder (R-I) test of aggression towards novel and familiar conspecifics. We found that mice were more likely to attack a novel compared to familiarized intruder and that silencing of dCA2 caused a more profound inhibition of aggression towards a novel than familiarized intruder. To explore whether and how dCA2 pyramidal neurons encode aggression, we recorded their activity using microendoscopic calcium imaging throughout the days of the R-I test. We found that a fraction of dCA2 neurons were selectively activated or inhibited during exploration, dominance, and attack behaviors and that these signals were enhanced during interaction with a novel compared to familiarized conspecific. Based on dCA2 population activity, a set of binary linear classifiers accurately decoded whether an animal was engaged in each of these forms of social behavior. Of particular interest, the accuracy of decoding aggression was greater with novel compared to familiarized intruders, with significant cross-day decoding using the same familiar animal on each day but not for a familiar-novel pair. Together, these findings demonstrate that dCA2 integrates information about social novelty with signals of behavioral state to promote aggression towards novel conspecifics.
Variable patterns of retrotransposition in different HeLa strains provide mechanistic insights into SINE RNA mobilization processes
Authors: Moldovan John B. , Kopera Huira C. , Liu Ying , Garcia-Canadas Marta , Catalina Purificacion , Leone Paola E. , Sanchez Laura , Kitzman Jacob O. , Kidd Jeffrey M. , Garcia-Perez Jose Luis , Moran John V. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTAluelements are non-autonomous Short INterspersed Elements (SINEs) derived from the7SL RNAgene that are present at over one million copies in human genomic DNA.Alumobilizes by a mechanism known as retrotransposition, which requires the Long INterspersed Element-1 (LINE-1 or L1)ORF2-encoded protein (ORF2p). Here, we demonstrate that HeLa strains differ in their capacity to supportAluretrotransposition. HumanAluelements retrotranspose efficiently in HeLa-HA and HeLa-CCL2 (Alu-permissive) strains, but not in HeLa-JVM or HeLa-H1 (Alu-nonpermissive) strains. A similar pattern of retrotransposition was observed for other7SL RNA-derived SINEs andtRNA-derived SINEs. In contrast, mammalian LINE-1s, a zebrafish LINE, a humanSINE-VNTR-Alu(SVA) element, and anL1 ORF1-containing messenger RNA can retrotranspose in all four HeLa strains. Using anin vitroreverse transcriptase-based assay, we show thatAluRNAs associate with ORF2p and are converted into cDNAs in bothAlu-permissive andAlu-nonpermissive HeLa strains, suggesting that7SL- andtRNA-derived SINE RNAs use strategies to ‘hijack′ L1 ORF2p that are distinct from those used bySVAelements andORF1-containing mRNAs. These data further suggest ORF2p associates with theAluRNA poly(A) tract in bothAlu-permissive andAlu-nonpermissive HeLa strains, but thatAluretrotransposition is blocked after this critical step inAlu-nonpermissive HeLa strains.
Beyond Industry 4.0: a systematic review of Industry 5.0 technologies and implications for social, environmental and economic sustainability
Authors: Ghobakhloo Morteza , Iranmanesh Mohammad , Fathi Masood , Rejeb Abderahman , Foroughi Behzad , Nikbin Davoud 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe study seeks to understand the possible opportunities that Industry 5.0 might offer for various aspects of inclusive sustainability. The study aims to discuss existing perspectives on the classification of Industry 5.0 technologies and their underlying role in materializing the sustainability values of this agenda.Design/methodology/approachThe study systematically reviewed Industry 5.0 literature based on the PRISMA protocol. The study further employed a detailed content-centric review of eligible documents and conducted evidence mapping to fulfill the research objectives.FindingsThe advancement of Industry 5.0 is currently underway, with noteworthy initial contributions enriching its knowledge base. Although a unanimous definition remains lacking, diverse viewpoints emerge concerning the recognition of fundamental technologies and the potential for yielding sustainable outcomes. The expected contribution of Industry 5.0 to sustainability varies significantly depending on the context and the nature of underlying technologies.Practical implicationsIndustry 5.0 holds the potential for advancing sustainability at both the firm and supply chain levels. It is envisioned to contribute proportionately to the three sustainability dimensions. However, the current discourse primarily dwells in theoretical and conceptual domains, lacking empirical exploration of its practical implications.Originality/valueThis study comprehensively explores diverse perspectives on Industry 5.0 technologies and their potential contributions to economic, environmental and social sustainability. Despite its promise, the practical evidence supporting the effectiveness of Industry 5.0 remains limited. Certain conditions are necessary to realize the benefits of Industry 5.0 fully, yet the mechanisms behind these conditions require further investigation. In this regard, the study suggests several potential areas for future research.
Hygrothermal buckling analysis of thin rectangular FGM plate with variable thickness
Authors: Islam Tasneem Firdous , Kedar G.D. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to contribute novel insights into the analysis of thin functionally graded material (FGM) plates with variable thickness, considering both temperature-dependent and independent material properties, focusing on critical linear buckling temperature rise and the effect of critical linear moisture for various moisture concentrations.Design/methodology/approachThe study derives stability and equilibrium equations for thin rectangular FGM plates under hygrothermal loading, employing classical plate theory (CPT). Buckling behavior is examined using Galerkin’s method to obtain pre-buckling force resultants.FindingsThe findings highlight significant increases in critical buckling temperature with aspect ratio, distinct temperature sensitivity between materials and increasing moisture susceptibility with larger aspect ratios. These insights inform material selection and design optimization for FGM plates under hygrothermal loading, enhancing engineering applications.Research limitations/implicationsThis research primarily focuses on hypothetical scenarios and mathematical model development and analysis.Originality/valueThis paper presents original contributions in the field by addressing the hygrothermal buckling analysis of thin FGM rectangular plates with variable thickness, utilizing CPT, thereby enriching the understanding of structural behavior in varying environmental conditions.
Experimental and numerical analysis on shear capacity of steel-reinforced geopolymer concrete beams with different shear span ratios
Authors: Jiang Jiahao , Liu Jinliang , Cao Shuolei , Cao Sheng , Dong Rui , Wu Yusen 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to use the corrected stress field theory to derive the shear capacity of geopolymer concrete beams (GPC) and consider the shear-span ratio as a major factor affecting the shear capacity. This research aims to provide guidance for studying the shear capacity of GPC and to observe how the failure modes of beams change with the variation of the shear-span ratio, thereby discovering underlying patterns.Design/methodology/approachThree test beams with shear span ratios of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 are investigated in this paper. For GPC beams with shear-span ratios of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5, ultimate capacities are 337kN, 235kN and 195kN, respectively. Transitioning from 1.5 to 2.0 results in a 30% decrease in capacity, a reduction of 102kN. Moving from 2.0 to 2.5 sees a 17% decrease, with a loss of 40KN in capacity. A shear capacity formula, derived from modified compression field theory and considering concrete shear strength, stirrups and aggregate interlocking force, was validated through finite element modeling. Additionally, models with shear ratios of 1 and 3 were created to observe crack propagation patterns.FindingsFor GPC beams with shear-span ratios of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5, ultimate capacities of 337KN, 235KN and 195KN are achieved, respectively. A reduction in capacity of 102KN occurs when transitioning from 1.5 to 2.0 and a decrease of 40KN is observed when moving from 2.0 to 2.5. The average test-to-theory ratio, at 1.015 with a variance of 0.001, demonstrates strong agreement. ABAQUS models beams with ratios ranging from 1.0 to 3.0, revealing crack trends indicative of reduced crack angles with higher ratios. The failure mode observed in the models aligns with experimental results.Originality/valueThis article provides a reference for the shear bearing capacity formula of geopolymer reinforced concrete (GRC) beams, addressing the limited research in this area. Additionally, an exponential model incorporating the shear-span ratio as a variable was employed to calculate the shear capacity, based on previous studies. Moreover, the analysis of shear capacity results integrated literature from prior research. By fitting previous experimental data to the proposed formula, the accuracy of this study's derived formula was further validated, with theoretical values aligning well with experimental results. Additionally, guidance is offered for utilizing ABAQUS in simulating the failure process of GRC beams.
A new conceptual model for consumer willingness to pay premium prices for sustainable products
Authors: Nazarenko Ekaterina , Saleh Mahmoud Ibraheam 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop an integrated conceptual framework to better understand the psychological pathways connecting consumer perceptions to purchasing intentions for premium sustainable products.

Design/methodology/approach
The study develops a conceptual model that theorizes relationships between consumer perceptions of a firm’s innovation, competitive advantage, sustainable practices and stakeholder orientation. It proposes that stakeholder orientation mediates the effects of these perceptions on consumers’ willingness to purchase premium sustainable products. Additionally, lifestyle is hypothesized as a moderator. The model advances knowledge through eight testable propositions.

Findings
The conceptual framework specifies indirect, mediated and moderated relationships that have not been fully captured by past literature. It theorizes that perceptions of a firm’s innovation, competitive advantage from sustainable practices and stakeholder orientation indirectly influence purchase willingness through the mediating role of stakeholder orientation. Lifestyle is proposed to moderate these relationships.

Originality/value
This conceptual model offers insights for cultivating consumer perceptions that strengthen a firm’s stakeholder image and endorsement of premium sustainable products. Its validated theoretical lens and propositions can provide strategic guidance for addressing the challenges of higher price points for sustainable products through capturing psychological drivers of values-based decision-making. Future empirical assessment is recommended to validate the specified relationships in the model.
Gap expansion is the dominant driver of canopy openings in a temperate mountain forest landscape
Authors: Krüger Kirsten , Senf Cornelius , Jucker Tommaso , Pflugmacher Dirk , Seidl Rupert 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Natural disturbances are important drivers of forest dynamics, and canopy gaps are their fingerprints in forest ecosystems. Gaps form and persist because of the interplay of tree mortality and regeneration. They can have long‐lasting impacts on ecosystems, yet the temporal dynamics of gap formation and closure remains poorly quantified.

We analysed 11,331 canopy gaps and their changes through time across 3999 ha of unmanaged temperate mountain forests at Berchtesgaden National Park (Germany). We assessed gap formation and closure using three repeat lidar acquisitions between 2009 and 2021, analysing canopy height changes at 1 m horizontal resolution. Our objective was to determine the dominant mode of gap formation, distinguishing the creation of new gaps from the expansion of existing ones. Additionally, we studied the rate of gap closure, considering closure from tree regeneration and lateral crown expansion.

Gap formation was primarily driven by gap expansion rather than the initiation of new gaps. Gap expansion accounted for 81.3% of gap formation, although new gaps were on average twice as large as gap expansions. Only 1.4% of gaps did not expand over the 12‐year study period, and Norway spruce forests had the highest rate of gap expansion.

Overall, gap closure rate (0.74 ha 100 ha−1 year−1) was higher than gap formation (0.58 ha 100 ha−1 year−1) in our study system. Ingrowth of the regenerating tree cohort was the primary mode of gap closure, with lateral crown expansion accounting for 20% of all gap area closed. Mixed‐species stands had the highest rate of gap closure, and gaps <0.1 ha closed faster than larger gaps.

Synthesis. While canopy openings are generally small in the European Alps, we show that they keep growing over multiple years, underlining that gap expansion is an important driver of temperate forest dynamics. Canopy gaps closed faster than they were created, highlighting the resilience of European mountain forests to natural disturbances. However, as disturbances are projected to increase under climate change, this resilience might be challenged in the future, requiring a continuous monitoring of gap dynamics as an important early warning indicator of forest change.
Convergent validity between the school‐age versions of the Sensory Processing Measure 2 (SPM2) and the Sensory Profile 2 (SP2): A pilot study
Authors: Jones Sarah , Yu Mong‐Lin , Brown Ted 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe Sensory Processing Measure 2 (SPM2) and the Sensory Profile 2 (SP2) are two sensory processing scales often used by occupational therapists. The SPM2 and SP2 both claim to assess aspects of children's sensory processing. This cross‐sectional study examined the convergent validity of the SPM2‐Home Form (SPM2‐HF) and Child SP2 for school‐aged neurotypical children.MethodsThirty parents/caregivers of neurotypical children aged 7 to 12 completed the SPM2‐HF and the Child SP2 about their child. Spearman rho's correlation coefficient with bootstrapping was used to investigate the correlations among the sensory, behavioural, and quadrant scores of the Child SP2 and SPM2‐HF subscale scores.Consumer and Community InvolvementGiven the topic, consumers and community members were not involved in the design, execution, or write up of the study results.ResultsSeveral statistically significant correlations were found between the sensory and quadrant subscales of the Child SP2 with the SPM‐HF. Strong to moderate correlations were established between the sensory subscales of the Child SP2 and the SPM2‐HF, ranging from 0.40 to 0.74 (p < 0.05). Additionally, correlations between the quadrant subscales of the Child SP2 and the subscales of the SPM2‐HF ranged from weak (0.38) to strong (0.77) correlations (p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results provide evidence of convergent validity between the SPM2‐HF and Child SP2 for neurotypical school‐aged children. Further research on the psychometric properties of the SPM2‐HF and Child SP2 is recommended.
Influence of childhood trauma and traumatic stress on a woman's risk of having a child with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Authors: Parker Michelle , May Philip A. , Marais Anna‐Susan , de Vries Marlene , Kalberg Wendy O. , Buckley David , Hasken Julie , Hoyme H. Eugene , Seedat Soraya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMaternal risk factors for having a child diagnosed on the fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) continuum are complex and include not only the quantity, frequency, and timing of alcohol use but also a woman's physical stature, socio‐economic status, and pregnancy‐related factors. Exposure to trauma may predispose women to a range of physiological and mental disorders. A woman's mental and physical health may in turn influence her probability of having a child with FASD. This study investigated the role of maternal childhood trauma and lifetime traumatic stress on prenatal alcohol consumption and on the risk of having a child with FASD.MethodsA nested, case‐control study was conducted for maternal risk assessment. Study participants were mothers of first‐grade learners from five rural communities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa who were assessed for FASD. Face‐to‐face surveys were conducted, which included mental health and trauma assessment questionnaires.ResultsIn logistic regression analyses, higher maternal childhood trauma scores were associated with an increased likelihood of having a child diagnosed with FASD, although the increase in risk was modest (OR = 1.014, p = 0.015). In addition, structural equation modeling investigated relationships between maternal drinking, childhood trauma, traumatic stress, and a child's FASD diagnosis. Traumatic stress and drinking during pregnancy, but not lifetime alcohol use, were associated with maternal childhood trauma. Lifetime alcohol use influenced drinking during pregnancy, which in turn was significantly associated with having a child diagnosed on the continuum of FASD.ConclusionNo direct influence of maternal childhood trauma on FASD diagnosis could be demonstrated. However, maternal trauma may indirectly contribute to the risk of having a child diagnosed with FASD.