bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among casual labourers working in selected road construction sites in central Uganda
Authors: Ahimbisibwe Ivan , Tumusiime Cathbert , Muteebwa Laban , Mupere Ezekiel , Andia Biraro Irene 
Published: June 2024

Introduction
Workers with occupational exposure to respirable silica dust, such as casual labourers at road construction sites (RCSs), are known to be at high risk of developing pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). There is limited literature about the burden of PTB among this subpopulation with high occupational exposure to silica dust at road construction sites. We aimed to determine the prevalence of PTB among casual labourers working at road construction sites in central Uganda.

Methods
We enrolled 297 participants via consecutive sampling in a cross-sectional study between September 1st and September 30th, 2022, at four road construction sites in four districts in central Uganda. A structured questionnaire was administered, and the PTB patients were identified by using GeneXpert and/or computer-aided detection for TB (CAD4TB). The data were analysed with STATA version 17.0. Descriptive statistics adjusted for clustering were used to summarize the data, and the relationships between PTB and independent variables were assessed by using a mixed effects modified Poisson regression model to estimate the adjusted prevalence ratios.

Results
Most participants were males (95.6% [284/297]), and the median age was 29 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 25–33). The prevalence of PTB among casual labourers was 2.4% (95% CI: 1.9, 2.8). Not being vaccinated with BCG (3.45, 95% CI: 1.02, 11.61), alcohol use (2.70, 95% CI: 1.52, 4.80) and staying in shared rooms (8.13, 95% CI: 4.37, 15.12) were positively associated with having PTB.

Conclusion
There is a high prevalence of PTB among casual labourers working at road construction sites in central Uganda. Individuals who had never been vaccinated with BCG, alcohol users and those staying in shared rooms were at an increased risk of having PTB. We recommend routine screening of casual labourers at road construction sites to optimize active TB case finding.
Innovative Management of a Difficult Case of Hepatic Hydrothorax
Authors: Tiwari Neha , Shlomovitz Eran , Capel Jeroen , Wong Florence 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Hepatic hydrothorax affects 5%–15% of decompensated cirrhosis patients, with up to 26% being refractory to standard treatments. For those ineligible for transjugular intrahepatic systemic shunts or liver transplants, alternatives to repeated thoracentesis are limited but can include the insertion of an indwelling pleural catheter. We present the first case of the use of an automatic low-flow ascites pump (alfapump) to manage nonmalignant pleural effusion in an elderly patient with cirrhosis.
Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms in skeletal muscle of interaction between exercise and frontline antihyperglycemic drugs
Authors: Newsom Sean A. , Robinson Matthew M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRegular exercise and antihyperglycemic drugs are front‐line treatments for type‐2 diabetes and related metabolic disorders. Leading drugs are metformin, sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors, and glucagon‐like peptide 1 receptor agonists. Each class has strong individual efficacy to treat hyperglycemia, yet the combination with exercise can yield varied results, some of which include blunting of expected metabolic benefits. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance contributes to the development of type‐2 diabetes while improvements in skeletal muscle insulin signaling are among key adaptations to exercise training. The current review identifies recent advances into the mechanisms, with an emphasis on skeletal muscle, of the interaction between exercise and these common antihyperglycemic drugs. The review is written toward researchers and thus highlights specific gaps in knowledge and considerations for future study directions.
A Latticework of Inflation Models
Authors: Mayer Thomas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Economists have repeatedly developed various theories for the origin of inflation and claimed that these theories were always valid everywhere. But history has shown that the theories – although they are useful – were only valid during certain time periods and under special circumstances. What is therefore needed is a system that assigns the various explanations of inflation to the specific circumstances for which they are particularly suited. This paper sets out such a system. Borrowing from Charlie Munger's (2005. Poor Charlie’s Almanack. Stripe Press), I call it a “latticework of inflation models”. In the first section 1 map the various inflation theories and then discuss and relate them to each other in the following sections. I find that during and after the pandemic several drivers of inflation were at work, so that several theories of inflation instead of just one allow a more comprehensive explanation of the inflation experienced during this period. The “latticework of inflation models” is also better suited than just one model for investigating the outlook for inflation.
High gain dual-band circularly polarized two-port MIMO antenna with equivalent circuit for WiMAX/5G/C- and X-bands applications
Authors: Kumar Akhilesh , Pattanayak Prabina , Verma Ramesh Kumar , Sabat Dukhishyam , Prasad Ganesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A compact two-port novel geometry with microstrip fed wide slot equivalent circuit based dual-band MIMO antenna system of low specific absorption rate is presented. The proposed structure has two horizontal slotted patch with symmetrical chamfered at both corners, which are responsible for improving impedance bandwidth (IBW) and achieving wide axial ratio. The different cutting slots from the ground plane and vertical slot in MIMO antenna elements are responsible for enhancing isolation. The proposed antenna design covers −10 dB IBW ranging from 3.25 to 4.39 GHz and 6.74–8.41 GHz. This antenna radiates at 3.5 and 7.2 GHz with corresponding radiation efficiencies of 86.2 % and 92.32 %, isolation

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−29.71 dB, excellent peak gain 8.02 and 9.32 dB, while bandwidth of 1.14 GHz (29.84 %) and 1.67 GHz (22.05 %). Different diversity parameters for the proposed MIMO antenna have been obtained such as, envelope correlation coefficient

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0.0009, diversity gain nearly 9.87 and 9.99 dB, channel capacity loss

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−3 dB. The proposed work is printed on FR-4 epoxy substrate with overall electrical size of 0.29 λ
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0 at 3.5 GHz. Moreover, the suggested work also exhibits circular polarization ranging from 3.24–4.38, 5.27–7.2, 7.6–8.1 and 8.2–8.41 GHz. Finally, experimental analysis was done and the tested results exhibit good agreement with simulated results. The proposed structure is a suitable candidate for WiMAX/C-band, satellite for X-band and 5G LTE band applications.
Downward-punching disparagement humor harms interpersonal impressions and trust
Authors: Betz Diana E. , DiDonato Theresa E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Disparagement humor may harm perceptions of joke-tellers’ core traits and trustworthiness differently when it “punches down” rather than “up” at its target. This was experimentally tested with a sexist joke in Study 1 (n = 161) and a boss/employee joke in Study 2 (n = 331). Consistently, joke-tellers who punched down seemed less competent, lower in status, and less trustworthy (assessed via a hypothetical monetary trust game). Jokes that punched “down” (versus “up”) seemed less affiliative in general, and particularly aggressive only in a sexist humor context, perhaps due to more normative expectations of aggression in gender-based contexts. Implications for curbing disparagement humor, particularly from high-status people, are discussed.
Conative “kisses” in human-to-animal communication
Authors: Andrason Alexander 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present article offers the first systematic scholarly analysis of ConKisses, i.e., a sub-class of conative animal calls (i.e., directives addressed to animals) that draw on speech kisses (i.e., sounds that are made with a kiss-like articulatory mechanism). The author examines the pragma-semantics, phonetics, and morphology of ConKisses in 50 languages within a prototype-driven approach to categorization and concludes the following: ConKisses comply with the features associated with the prototype of a conative animal call and may therefore be regarded as the prototype’s canonical instantiations – in fact, they constitute the most canonical subset within the entire conative-animal-call category and thus a highly extra-systematic one from sentence-grammar’s perspective.
Single femtosecond laser pulse–induced valence state conversion in BaFCl: Sm3+ nanocrystals for low-threshold optical storage
Authors: Zheng Biao , Deng Lianzhong , Li Jie , Yao Yunhua , Qi Dalong , Shen Yuecheng , Sun Zhenrong , Zhang Shian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Femtosecond laser-induced valence state conversion (VC) in solid materials has attracted significant research attention due to its potential application in ultra-high density optical storage, boasting advantages such as ultra-high recording speed, easy reading, and high signal-to-noise ratio. However, identifying appropriate materials and technological solutions conducive to efficient single-laser-shot recording remains a pivotal challenge for practical applications. In this work, we report single femtosecond laser pulse–induced VC in BaFCl: Sm3+ nanocrystals utilizing a 4F-configuration optical imaging system comprising two-dimensional scan galvo mirrors. For the first time, we experimentally reveal the luminescence mechanisms and channels of multiphoton absorption-induced Sm2+ ions under both single and multiple 800 nm fs laser pulses. Leveraging the highly efficient single femtosecond laser pulse induced VC, we demonstrate a prototype optical storage experiment by sweeping the recording laser pulse. Remarkably, a threshold pulse energy as low as ∼100 nJ for effective single-laser-shot recording in BaFCl: Sm3+ nanocrystals is obtained under the current experimental conditions. Our investigations offer profound insights into the physical mechanisms underlying femtosecond laser induced VC in solid materials, thereby promoting the prospects of VC based optical storage toward practical applications.
Molecular dynamics study on friction of polymer material polyoxymethylene (POM)
Authors: Li Xinmin , Qian Yifan , Wu Yonglong , Qiu Zhengjie , Zhang Runzhi , Nie Laishi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Polyoxymethylene (POM) which shows good mechanical properties has a wide range of application in engineering. In this work, the nanoscale simulation method of molecular dynamics (MD) is used to make a more systematic simulation and calculation of the model of the resin material POM. With the application of software, the influence of friction depth, temperature, and sliding velocity on the frictional properties of POM was studied. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) In the range of 300 K–400 K, the temperature has little influence on the friction coefficient, but the fluctuation of friction force becomes larger as the temperature becomes larger. (2) When the friction depth increases, the plowing phenomenon and the accumulation of debris become more obvious and plastic deformation of POM increases. (3) When the friction velocity is changed, it is found that there is not much correlation between friction force and friction velocity, but as the friction velocity decrease, the friction force also decrease to a smaller extent. (4) The friction force will experience a growth period, and its value gradually stabilizes with some fluctuations, which are mainly caused by the atomic thermal motion, the effect of abrasive chip accumulation, and the release of stress energy caused by deformation.
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy and the Aesthetics of Serial Narration in The Sopranos (1999–2007)
Authors: Scheurer Maren 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Against the backdrop of the difficult therapeutic relationship between Tony Soprano and Jennifer Melfi and its embeddedness in the series’ dramaturgy, this article explores what psychoanalysis accomplishes for the US TV series The Sopranos (1999–2007), in particular for its perspectives on serial narratives and their reception. It analyses how select tenets of psychoanalysis (in particular, the psychoanalytic setting, countertransference, and its interminability) self-reflexively interrogate the aesthetics of serial narration and the ethical underpinnings of the audience’s attachment to the series.
Towards a Poetics of Trauma and Healing: Hanya Yanagihara’s A Little Life (2015) and Helen Macdonald’s H Is for Hawk (2014)
Authors: Schober Katalin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article argues that contemporary tales of trauma and healing, such as Hanya Yanagihara’s novel A Little Life (2015) or Helen Macdonald’s memoir H Is for Hawk (2014), model aesthetic structures akin to narrative therapy approaches used in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Their readers are asked to imaginatively partake in and to distance themselves from these narratives at the same time. This complex reading process parallels elements of a therapeutic conversation. Interpreting the aforementioned texts is certainly not identical with trauma therapy as such, but there are relevant points of encounter. The aim of this paper is to retrace the intersections between exemplary narrative texts and central premises of trauma therapy by looking at structural similarities.
Theatre and Communal Movement as Forms of Trauma Therapy in Gregory Burke’s Black Watch (2007)
Authors: Sarul Monika 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article explores how elements of trauma therapy can be used to interpret the play Black Watch (2007) by Gregory Burke. The introduction provides a summary of Black Watch, as well as an outline of contemporary theories regarding the connection between theatre, war, and trauma therapy. The first part focuses on how the seating arrangements, the choice of actors, and the structure of Black Watch allow the play to create an environment which resembles a therapy session. The second part concentrates on how communal movement, music, and dance are used in the play to express emotions and trauma which could not be put into words. The conclusion investigates how using some of the features of trauma treatment results in Black Watch possessing potential healing properties and insight into the topic of war.
Therapy-as-Theatre: Porosity and Circulations of Feeling in Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’s An Octoroon (2014) and Duncan Macmillan’s Every Brilliant Thing (2013)
Authors: Busch Sarah , Liedke Heidi Lucja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article examines how theatre works as a form of therapy using Duncan Macmillan’s Every Brilliant Thing and Branden Jacobs-Jenkins’s An Octoroon. Both depict fictional representations of psychotherapy but also use concepts from narrative therapy as developed by White and Epston (1990), such as the audience as witnesses and creators of their own story. We argue that therapy-as-theatre exerts a pull on the audience, which invites them to empathize, identify and understand, and draws them into the “affective arrangement” of the plays as defined by Slaby, Mühlhoff, and Wüschner (2019). The two plays bring together the therapeutic and the theatrical both in terms of content and form: in Every Brilliant Thing, the performer explicitly re-enacts conversations with a counsellor and mimics the therapy setting by sharing with the audience their feelings concerning the suicide of their mother. Similarly, in An Octoroon, the playwright’s alter ego BJJ makes himself vulnerable to the audience. However, the play also confronts spectators with hard truths about the history and topicality of racism that they may not be prepared to hear. Within the specific time frame of the shows, similar to the frame of a psychotherapy session, the two plays create self-contained affective spaces where feelings and emotions circulate between performers, spectators and among audience members.
MICROBIOME: Maternal versus environmental contributions to the piglet pioneer microbiome
Authors: Eldridge Landon K , Soffa Dallas R , Hickman-Brown Kyle J , McAnally Brooke E , Smith Molly S , Wiegert Jeffrey G , Poole Rebecca K 
Published: June 2024

The pioneer microbiome is the initial colonization and establishment of microorganisms within the neonate. The objective of this project was to quantify maternal and environmental contributions to the piglet's pioneer microbiome. Sterile swabs were used to collect samples from the gilt’s rectum, the farrowing crate before and after gilts were moved in, the gilt’s birth canal during farrowing, and the piglet’s rectum on days 0 (prior to suckling), 3, and 10 post farrowing and at weaning (21.6 ± 1.0 days post farrowing). During farrowing, colostrum was collected from each gilt from a representative sample of teats into a single sterile collection cup. Bacterial DNA extraction and sequencing targeted the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. The relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the piglet microbiome was lower on day 3 compared to day 0, day 10, and at weaning (P < 0.05). For alpha diversity, piglet samples exhibited distinct clustering for bacterial richness by day (P < 0.01). Multiple regression analyses indicated that the birth canal explained 51.6% of the variation observed in the piglet day 0 microbiome (P < 0.0001) and 6.5% of the variation in the piglet day 10 microbiome (P = 0.013). The day 10 microbiome explained 58.6% of the variation observed in the piglet microbiome at weaning (P < 0.0001). Bacterial communities of the farrowing crate and colostrum did not impact the piglet microbiome for any day (P > 0.10). The results indicate that the piglet pioneer microbiome is largely influenced by the microbiome of the birth canal.

Lay summary
The pioneer microbiome is the initial colonization of microbial organisms within an animal. For a newborn animal, these microbes can greatly affect their health and growth. It has been shown that the piglet pioneer microbiome is shaped by both maternal and environmental factors. However, it is unclear which source is the primary driver in shaping the microbiome in the newborn pig. The purpose of the study was to determine the piglet gut microbiome and to identify the maternal and environmental factors that contribute to the piglet microbiome from birth to weaning. The results showed that the majority of the piglet's pioneer gut microbiome at birth comes from the mother’s birth canal. This indicates a strong role of maternal factors in shaping the initial newborn’s microbiome. By weaning, the piglet microbiome becomes more stable, even with some disruptions in the microbiome early in life.
Ten Years Evaluation of the Relationship Between the Individual Dose of Hospital Workers Occupationally Exposed to X-Rays and its Leukocyte and Platelet Counts of the CBC Tests
Authors: Lykawka Rochelle , Bacelar Alexandre , Dantas Filho Fábio Fernandes , Peres Milena Ávila , Duarte Juliana Ávila 
Published: June 2024

The occupational health assessment of workers exposed to ionizing radiation is done through Complete Blood Count (CBC) tests in some countries, although studies have shown that this biomarker does not show evidence of exposition to low dose radiation. It is essential to analyze the radiation level doses of healthcare workers (HCW) exposed to X-rays in a university hospital and evaluate the association of this exposure on blood exam parameters. For this purpose, CBC tests and individual records of the X-rays exposure of 766 HCW were retrospectively evaluated from 2009 to 2019. Analyzing the annual and the monthly individual effective doses, no statistically significant relationship was identified with leukocyte count (b = -0.01 (95% CI, -0.03 - 0.01); p = 0.254) and (b = -0.04 (95% CI, -0.02 - 0.12); p = 0.606) respectively; nor for platelet count (b = -0.52 (95% CI, -1,09 - 0.05); p = 0.072) and (b = -0.69 (95% CI, -3.63 - 2.25); p = 0.646), respectively. Assessing the relationship between the monthly dose and the CBC tests, we found association with the leukocyte count (b = -0.12 (95% CI, -0.19 - -0.04); p = 0.002), but did not occur for platelet count (b = -1.91 (95% CI, -4.93 - 1.11); p = 0.215). The findings of the study demonstrated that there is no statistically significant relationship, with regard to clinical validity, between the individual effective doses and the leukocyte and platelet count in the CBC test in all analyses performed.
Theory and Practice. Ethnographic Approaches to Cultural Heritage and an Empirical Example from Western Ukraine
Authors: Borbély Sándor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe study focuses on the examination of today's ethnographical approaches and theoretical-methodological paradigms of cultural heritage, as well as everyday social practices related to heritagization (preparing lists of local values and Hungarikums, monumentalization, festivalization, musealization, etc.). In the first part of the paper, the author briefly describes the most common ethnographic approaches to the concept of cultural heritage, as well as the most important related analytical models. He argues for approaching heritage phenomena and their various manifestations (objects, places, and practices) through a kind of ontological framework. Through an empirical example — the analysis of the collection/preservation of values that started after 2010 among the Hungarian minority in Transcarpathia — the study presents the local/regional practices and ritual and symbolic patterns of heritage making in the Western Ukrainian region. Examining the activities of minority political–cultural elites, the author analyzes the transformations of meanings through which the individual local cultural assets or certain accentuated elements become global social realities, for example national/translocal heritage objects.