bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with brain metastases
Authors: Gore Martin E. , Hariharan Subramanian , Porta Camillo , Bracarda Sergio , Hawkins Robert , Bjarnason Georg A. , Oudard Stéphane , Lee Se‐Hoon , Carteni Giacomo , Nieto Alejandra , Yuan Jinyu , Szczylik Cezary 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:In a broad patient population with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), enrolled in an open‐label, expanded access program (EAP), the safety profile of sunitinib was manageable, and efficacy results were encouraging. Here, the authors report results for patients with baseline brain metastases participating in this global EAP.METHODS:Previously treated and treatment‐naive metastatic RCC patients ≥18 years received sunitinib 50 mg orally, once daily, on Schedule 4/2. Safety was assessed regularly, tumor measurements done per local practice, and survival data collected where possible. Analyses were done in the modified intention‐to‐treat (ITT) population, consisting of all patients who received ≥1 dose of sunitinib.RESULTS:As of December 2007, 4564 patients had enrolled in 52 countries. Of these enrollees, 4371 were included in the modified ITT population, of whom 321 (7%) had baseline brain metastases and had received a median of 3 treatment cycles (range 1‐25). Reasons for their discontinuation included lack of efficacy (32%) and adverse events (8%). The most common grade 3‐4 treatment‐related adverse events were fatigue and asthenia (both 7%), thrombocytopenia (6%), and neutropenia (5%), the incidence of which were comparable to that for the overall EAP population. Of 213 evaluable patients, 26 (12%) had an objective response. Median progression‐free survival and overall survival were 5.6 months (95% CI, 5.2‐6.1) and 9.2 months (95% CI, 7.8‐10.9), respectively.CONCLUSIONS:In patients with brain metastases from RCC, the safety profile of sunitinib was comparable to that in the general metastatic RCC population, and sunitinib showed evidence of antitumor activity. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Phase 2 trial of the histone deacetylase inhibitor romidepsin for the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Niesvizky Ruben , Ely Scott , Mark Tomer , Aggarwal Sangeeta , Gabrilove Janice L , Wright John J. , Chen‐Kiang Selina , Sparano Joseph A 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Epigenetic dysregulation is a hallmark of cancer, including multiple myeloma. Inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACs) induce DNA hyperacetylation by inhibiting removal of acetyl groups from amino tails on histone proteins, thereby uncoiling condensed chromatin favoring transcription of silenced genes, including tumor suppressor genes. Romidepsin is an HDAC inhibitor that exhibits antiproliferative and apoptotic effects against multiple myeloma cell lines.METHODS:A phase 2 trial was performed of romidepsin in patients with multiple myeloma who were refractory to standard therapy. Treatment was comprised of romidepsin (13 mg/m2) given as a 4‐hour intravenous infusion on Days 1, 8, and 15 every 28 days). Thirteen patients received a median of 2 cycles of therapy (range, 1‐7 cycles).RESULTS:Although no patients had an objective response, 4 of 12 patients with secretory myeloma exhibited evidence of M‐protein stabilization, and several other patients experienced improvement in bone pain and resolution of hypercalcemia.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the current study demonstrate that romidepsin, as a single agent, is unlikely to be associated with a response rate of ≥30% in patients with refractory myeloma, although there was some clinical evidence suggesting a biological effect associated with therapy. Cancer 2011. Published 2010 by the American Cancer Society.
Incidence and risk factors for lower alimentary tract mucositis after 1529 courses of chemotherapy in a homogenous population of oncology patients
Authors: Krishna Somashekar G. , Zhao Weizhi , Grazziutti Monica L. , Sanathkumar Naveen , Barlogie Bart , Anaissie Elias J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Lower alimentary tract mucositis is a serious complication of chemotherapy. The aim of the study was to determine the incidence, risk factors, and mortality of lower alimentary tract mucositis in a homogeneous population of patients with newly diagnosed myeloma receiving similar antineoplastic therapy and standardized supportive care.METHODS:Lower alimentary tract mucositis was evaluated among 303 consecutive patients with myeloma (2004‐2007) enrolled in a clinical trial consisting of induction chemotherapy, tandem melphalan‐based autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT), and consolidation. Lower alimentary tract mucositis was defined as neutropenia‐associated grade II‐IV enteritis/colitis. Pretreatment risk factors were examined including body surface area (BSA), serum albumin (albumin), and estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl). Multiple logistic regression model was used to compute adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).RESULTS:Forty‐seven (15.5%) patients developed lower alimentary tract mucositis during 1529 courses of chemotherapy (including 536 melphalan‐based ASCT). Pre‐enrollment BSA <2 m2 (OR, 2.768; 95% CI, 1.200‐6.381; P = .0169) increased the risk for lower alimentary tract mucositis, whereas higher albumin was protective (OR, 0.698; 95% CI, 0.519‐0.940; P = .0177). Pretransplant variables associated with lower alimentary tract mucositis were BSA <2 m2 (OR, 4.451; 95% CI, 1.459‐13.58, P = .0087) and estimated CrCl <60 mL/min (OR, 3.493; 95% CI, 1.173‐10.40; P = .0246). Higher albumin level conferred protection (OR, 0.500; 95% CI, 0.304‐0.820; P = .0061). No lower alimentary tract mucositis‐related death was observed.CONCLUSIONS:Lower alimentary tract mucositis is not uncommon among a homogenous population of oncology patients undergoing sequential courses of chemotherapy including melphalan‐based ASCT but does not contribute to mortality. Lower BSA, renal function, and albumin are associated with increased risk for lower alimentary tract mucositis. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Plasticity of the stress response early in life: Mechanisms and significance
Authors: Korosi Aniko , Baram Tallie Z. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe concept that early‐life experience influences the brain long‐term has been extensively studied over the past 50 years, whereas genetic factors determine the sequence and levels of expression of specific neuronal genes, this genetic program can be modified enduringly as a result of experience taking place during critical developmental periods. This programming is of major importance because it appears to govern many behavioral and physiological phenotypes and promote susceptibility or resilience to disease. An established example of the consequences of early‐life experience‐induced programming includes the effects of maternal care, where patterns of augmented care result in decreased neuroendocrine stress responses, improved cognition and resilience to depression in the recipients of this care. Here, we discuss the nature and mechanisms of this programming phenomenon, focusing on work from our lab that was inspired by Seymour Levine and his fundamental contributions to the field. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 52: 661–670, 2010.
Yoga and pilates: Associations with body image and disordered‐eating behaviors in a population‐based sample of young adults
Authors: Neumark‐Sztainer Dianne , Eisenberg Marla E. , Wall Melanie , Loth Katie A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations between participating in mind‐body activities (yoga/Pilates) and body dissatisfaction and disordered eating (unhealthy and extreme weight control practices and binge eating) in a population‐based sample of young adults.MethodThe sample included 1,030 young men and 1,257 young women (mean age: 25.3 years, SD = 1.7) who participated in Project EAT‐III (Eating and Activity in Teens and Young Adults).ResultsAmong women, disordered eating was prevalent in yoga/Pilates participants and nonparticipants, with no differences between the groups. Men participating in yoga/Pilates were more likely to use extreme weight control behaviors (18.6% vs. 6.8%, p = .006) and binge eating (11.6% vs. 4.2%, p = .023), and marginally more likely to use unhealthy weight control behaviors (49.1% vs. 34.5%; p = .053), than nonparticipants after adjusting for sociodemographics, weight status, and overall physical activity.DiscussionFindings suggest the importance of helping yoga/Pilates instructors recognize that their students may be at risk for disordered eating. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Cover Picture: Eur. J. Immunol. 10/10
Authors: Storim Julian , Bröcker Eva B. , Friedl Peter 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe cover image of this issue shows a dendritic cell with an engaged T cell during homeostatic contact, as captured by confocal miscroscopy; the staining represents F‐actin (green), the phosphotyrosine signal (blue) and CD3 (red). The image was kindly provided by Storim et al. (pp. 2741–2750) whose study analyzes T‐cell migration and cell–cell signaling in short‐lived homeostatic DC–T‐cell interactions. Storim et al. define a dynamic immunological synapse with three distinct signaling sectors in the contact plane.
Preparation of Mesoporous ZnO/Zn(OH)2 Spheres and Their Replication to High Surface TiO2 Materials
Authors: Hwang Yong‐Kyung , Kwon Tae‐Hwan , Park Sung Soo , Yoon Yeo‐Joo , Won Yong Sun , Huh Seong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCrystalline mesoporous ZnO/Zn(OH)2 nanocomposite spheres were prepared by a simple method and subsequently used as a hard template for the preparation of amorphous mesoporous TiO2, which showed a very large surface area, 525 m2 g–1. The hydrolytically unstable nature of the ZnO/Zn(OH)2 spheres made the etching process simple and efficient. ZnxTiyOx+2y material was also obtained from different etching processes. The large‐surface amorphous TiO2 was crystallized above 350 °C, and the surface area decreased to 202 m2 g–1. The crystalline mesoporous TiO2 exhibited a good photocatalytic activity in the decomposition of methyl orange under UV irradiation.
Theoretical Investigations towards the Staudinger Reaction Catalyzed by N‐Heterocyclic Carbene: Mechanism and Stereoselectivity
Authors: Tang Ke , Wang Jinhu , Cheng Xueli , Hou Qianqian , Liu Yongjun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractN‐Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have experimentally proved to be powerful catalysts for the Staudinger reaction ([2+2] cycloaddition of a ketene with an imine) but without giving a clear catalytic mechanism. According to different experimental results, the “ketene‐first” and the “imine‐first” mechanisms, arguing which reactant should be initially activated by the NHC catalyst, have been proposed. Our theoretical investigation by employing density functional theory (DFT) reveals that the reaction mechanism of the NHC‐catalyzed Staudinger reaction is exclusively the “ketene‐first” mechanism, but the competitive reactions of NHC catalysts with ketenes or imines will lead to different experimental observations. On the basis of this conclusion, we found that the NHC‐catalyzed Staudinger reaction would exhibit different stereoselectivities by appropriate choice of the nitrogen substituent of the imines. Furthermore, these results are supposed to be applicable for other nucleophile‐catalyzed Staudinger reactions.
Asymmetric Synthesis of the C1–C13 Fragment of the Marine Metabolite Bistramide K
Authors: Bauder Claude 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA synthetic study on the construction of the C1–C13 fragment of bistramide K is described. This unit differs from other members of the bistramide family, which are equipped with a pyran structure at C6–C11. In bistramide K, the linear C1–C13 portion contains three stereogenic centers as well as two supplementary (E)‐olefin positions. The key step in the synthesis was the elaboration of the (E)‐olefin C6–C7 by using a Julia–Kocienski reaction between aldehyde 4 and benzothiazolesulfone 15.
Follicular lymphoma at relapse after rituximab containing regimens: comparison of time to event intervals prior to and after 90Y‐ibritumomab‐tiuxetan
Authors: Cicone Francesco , Russo Eleonora , Carpaneto Andrea , Prior John O. , Delaloye Angelika Bischof , Scopinaro Francesco , Ketterer Nicolas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRadioimmunotherapies with Zevalin® (RIT‐Z) showed encouraging results in patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma (FL), leading frequently to failure‐free intervals longer than those achieved by the last previous therapy. We compared time‐to‐event variables obtained before and after RIT‐Z in patients with relapsed FL, previously exposed to rituximab. All patients with relapsed non‐transformed, non‐refractory, non‐rituximab‐naïve FL who have been treated with RIT‐Z in two different centres in Europe were included. Staging and response were assessed by contrast‐enhanced CT in all patients; PET/CT was performed according to local availability. Event‐free survival (EFS) and time to next treatment (TTNT) following the last previous therapy and after RIT‐Z were compared. Pre‐therapy characteristics were tested in univariate analyses for prediction of outcomes. A description of the patterns of relapse was also provided. Among 70 patients treated, only 16 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. They were treated with a median of 3 prior lines of chemo‐immunotherapies, including a median of 2 rituximab‐containing regimens; 6 patients had undergone myeloablative chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue (ASCT). Overall response rates were 10 (62%) CR/CRu, 3 (19%) PR and 3 (19%) PD; response rates were similar in patients with prior ASCT. After RIT‐Z only few patients obtained EFS and TTNT longer than after the last previous therapy. All four patients receiving rituximab maintenance were without progression 12 months after RIT‐Z. Relapses occurred in both previously and newly involved sites; a significant association was found between the number of pathologic sites involved prior to RIT‐Z and subsequent TTNT. Despite the excellent response rate, the duration of response was shorter than the previous one confirming the known trend of relapses to occur earlier after subsequent treatments. Rituximab maintenance after RIT‐Z showed encouraging results in terms of prolonging EFS, warranting further studies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of neurexin 1 (NRXN1) polymorphisms in clozapine response
Authors: Souza Renan P. , Meltzer Herbert Y. , Lieberman Jeffrey A. , Le Foll Bernard , Kennedy James L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSchizophrenia patients show alterations in the synaptic connectivity. However, it remains unknown whether antipsychotic response may be altered depending on the synaptic connectivity. We tested this association using polymorphisms in the neurexin 1 gene (NRXN1). Large NRXN1 deletions have also been associated with schizophrenia. We genotyped four variants in 140 schizophrenia patients assessed prospectively for clozapine response after 6 months. We observed a trend toward association of clozapine response with the rs12467557 (permuted p = 0.051). These results should be read with caution before independent replication. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Activation of the p38 MAPK/Akt/ERK1/2 signal pathways is required for the protein stabilization of CDC6 and cyclin D1 in low‐dose arsenite‐induced cell proliferation
Authors: Liu Youhong , Hock Janet M. , Sullivan Con , Fang Geying , Cox Allison J. , Davis Kathleen T. , Davis Bruce H. , Li Xiong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractArsenic trioxide (ATO) is a first‐line anti‐cancer agent for acute promyelocytic leukemia, and induces apoptosis in other solid cancer cell lines including breast cancer cells. However, as with arsenites found in drinking water and used as raw materials for wood preservatives, insecticides, and herbicides, low doses of ATO can induce carcinogenesis after long‐term exposure. At 24 h after exposure, ATO (0.01–1 µM) significantly increased cell proliferation and promoted cell cycle progression from the G1 to S/G2 phases in the non‐tumorigenic MCF10A breast epithelial cell line. The expression of 14 out of 96 cell‐cycle‐associated genes significantly increased, and seven of these genes including cell division cycle 6 (CDC6) and cyclin D1 (CCND1) were closely related to cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. Low‐dose ATO steadily increased gene transcript and protein levels of both CDC6 and cyclin D1 in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Low‐dose ATO produced reactive oxygen species (ROS), and activated the p38 MAPK, Akt, and ERK1/2 pathways at different time points within 60 min. Small molecular inhibitors and siRNAs inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK, Akt, and ERK1/2 decreased the ATO‐increased expression of CDC6 protein. Inhibiting the activation of Akt and ERK1/2, but not p38 MAPK, decreased the ATO‐induced expression of cyclin D1 protein. This study reports for the first time that p38 MAPK/Akt/ERK1/2 activation is required for the protein stabilization of CDC6 in addition to cyclin D1 in ATO‐induced cell proliferation and cell cycle modulation from G1 to S phase. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1546–1555, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reproductive histology of Tomeurus gracilis Eigenmann, 1909 (Teleostei: Atherinomorpha: Poeciliidae) with comments on evolution of viviparity in atherinomorph fishes
Authors: Parenti Lynne R. , LoNostro Fabiana L. , Grier Harry J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTomeurus gracilis is a species long considered pivotal in understanding the evolution of livebearing in atherinomorph fishes. Tomeurus gracilis is a zygoparous or embryoparous poeciliid: internal fertilization is followed by females laying fertilized eggs singly or retaining fertilized eggs until or near hatching. Tomeurus was hypothesized as the sister group of the viviparous poeciliids until it was proposed as a close relative of a derived viviparous poeciliid, Cnesterodon, hence nested among viviparous taxa rather than near the root of the tree. Here, we describe and compare reproductive morphological characters of the little‐known Tomeurus with those of representative atherinomorphs. In Tomeurus and Cnesterodon, sperm are packaged in naked sperm bundles, or spermatozeugmata, in a configuration considered here diagnostic of viviparous poeciliids. Testes are single and free sperm are stored in the ovary in both taxa in contrast to oviparous atherinomorphs in which testes are paired and sperm are not packaged and not stored in the ovary. Efferent ducts in Cnesterodon testes and other viviparous poeciliids have a PAS‐positive secretion demonstrating presence of a glycoprotein that inactivates sperm or prevents final sperm maturation. No PAS‐positive staining secretion was observed in Tomeurus or oviparous atherinomorphs. Tomeurus shares apomorphic reproductive characters, such as sperm bundle and testis morphology and a gonopodium, with viviparous poeciliids and plesiomorphic characters, such as a thick zona pellucida with filaments, with oviparous taxa. We do not postulate loss or reversal of viviparity in Tomeurus, and we corroborate its phylogenetic position as sister to the viviparous poeciliids. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Directional asymmetry in the limbs, skull and pelvis of the silver fox (V. vulpes)
Authors: Kharlamova Anastasia V. , Trut Lyudmila N. , Chase Kevin , Kukekova Anna V. , Lark Karl G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDirectional asymmetry (DA) is a characteristic of most vertebrates, most strikingly exhibited by the placement of various organs (heart, lungs, liver, etc.) but also noted in small differences in the metrics of skeletal structures such as the pelvis of certain fish or sauropsids. We have analyzed DA in the skeleton of the fox (V. vulpes), using ∼1,000 radiographs of foxes from populations used in the genetic analysis of behavior and morphology. Careful measurements from this robust data base demonstrate that: 1) DA occurs in the limb bones, the ileum, and ischium and in the mandible; 2) regardless of the direction of the length asymmetry vector of a particular skeletal unit, the vectorial direction of length is always opposite to that of width; 3) with the exception of the humerus and radius, there is no correlation or inverse correlation between vectorial amplitudes or magnitudes of bone asymmetries. 4) Postnatal measurements on foxes demonstrate that the asymmetry increases after birth and continues to change (increasing or decreasing) during postnatal growth. 5) A behavior test for preferential use of a specific forelimb exhibited fluctuating asymmetry but not DA. None of the skeletal asymmetries were significantly correlated with a preferential use of a specific forelimb. We suggest that for the majority of fox skeletal parameters, growth on the right and left side of the fox are differentially biased resulting in fixed differences between the two sides in either the rate of growth or the length of the period during which growth occurs. Random effects around these fixed differences perturb the magnitude of the effects such that the magnitudes of length and width asymmetries are not inversely correlated at the level of individual animals. J. Morphol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A comparison of nine monthly air–sea flux products
Authors: Smith Shawn R. , Hughes Paul J. , Bourassa Mark A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA comparison is conducted between nine monthly turbulent air–sea flux products. The analysis includes in situ‐based (Florida State University fluxes, FSU3 and National Oceanography Centre, NOC), satellite‐based (Hamburg Ocean‐Atmosphere Parameters from Satellite data, HOAPS2 and the French Research Institute for Exploitation of the Sea, IFREMER), hybrid (Goddard Satellite‐based Surface Turbulent Fluxes, GSSTF2 and objectively analysed fluxes, OAFLUX), and reanalysis (National Centers for Environmental Prediction, NCEPR2, Japanese 25‐year reanalysis, JRA, and European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts reanalysis, ERA‐40) products. Objectives include documenting the varying analysis methodologies and quantifying the differences and similarities between the nine products. Recommendations are made for developers of future flux products and to guide users to select products most suitable for their application.The comparison examines turbulent fluxes of heat and momentum along with the forcing variables (air temperature, wind speed, humidity, and ocean skin temperature) that are necessary to estimate turbulent fluxes. The wide range of turbulent flux parameterisations, sampling patterns, and averaging techniques within the products are described, including some of the difficulties product differences pose when trying to compare or apply the individual products. Global comparisons of monthly means tend to reveal similar spatial patterns in latent heat flux (LHF) and sensible heat flux (SHF) for the nine products; however, the magnitudes and patterns of variability (expressed as maps of standard deviations) are widely different. Basin scale and regional analysis further reveals large differences in the products (in some cases the interquartile ranges (IQRs) do not overlap for different products), but also reveals potential sources of the differences. For example, some of the variations in LHF can be explained by large differences in the distribution of specific humidity between the products. As a final analysis, we examine how each product represents the variations in turbulent fluxes in the equatorial Pacific (EP) Ocean. This analysis provides an example of how the choice of a flux product, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of that product, can alter research findings. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society