bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subcutaneous placement of a free jejunum and pedicled colon segment to create a diversionary conduit for total esophageal reconstruction
Authors: Özkan Ömer , Özkan Özlenen , Bektas Gamze , Cinpolat Ani , Erdogan Okan , Sanli Suat , Yilmaz Murat 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this report, we describe a case of difficult esophageal reconstruction with a pedicled colon segment interposition and a free jejunal flap. Laryngectomy and bilateral neck dissection for larynx carcinoma had been attempted in a 59‐year‐old patient 6 years previously. The patient then received radiotherapy. One year later, large resection was performed due to recurrence of the tumor. Since then the patient had been fed through a gastrostomy tube. Previous attempts at esophageal reconstruction in other institutions were unsuccessful. We reconstructed the total esophagus with subcutaneously tunneled pedicled colon segment interposition and a free jejunal flap using the diversionary loop technique to divert the passage of the foot from the pharynx to the new inlet at the buccogingival sulcus, thus keeping the native esophagus untouched. Following a postoperative training period, the patient learned to swallow successfully and smoothly via the new inlet. The patency of the newly reconstructed esophagus was corroborated by radiological imaging. In summary, although the technique requires complex surgical procedures, it is effective and may be considered as an alternative and reliable option in selected cases. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012.
A planar circular disc monopole antenna with improved bandwidth
Authors: Sun Xu‐Bao , Cao Mao‐Yong , Guo Yin‐Jing , Hao Jian‐Jun 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA planar circular disc monopole antenna with a broad bandwidth is presented, which is composed of a circular disc monopole patch and a rectangular ground plane, both printed on the two sides of a substrate respectively, and fed by a trapeziform microstrip feed line.The antenna has a wide bandwidth ranging from 1.89 to 19.26 GHz for return loss < −10 dB, and exhibits a nearly omnidirectional radiation pattern. In this article, details of the proposed antenna design approach and measured results are presented and discussed. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:593–595, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26595
Reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna for WLAN software defined radio applications
Authors: Tekin Ibrahim , Knox Michael 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna with radiofrequency (RF) pin diode switches is implemented for dual band of 2.4 and 5.6 GHz WLAN software defined radio (SDR) applications.For the dual band SDR system, the use of a single antenna with a wide bandwidth to cover both of the bands can be limiting for low power level signal applications due to wideband noise as well as changing radiation pattern at different frequencies. A reconfigurable nested microstrip patch antenna is designed on a Rogers 5880 RT/DUROID substrate which is fed by a coaxial probe from the back side of the grounded substrate. RF switching circuitry involves four RF pin diodes at each side of the inner patch. The dual bands of 2.4 and 5.6 GHz frequency operation can be simply obtained by switching the PIN diodes on and off. The antenna is well matched and achieves ∼7 dBi gain at both frequency bands. Simulation and measurement results show that the nested patch antenna is suitable for dual band WLAN SDR applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:644–649, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26602
Performance enhancement for a broadband spiral antenna using a frequency‐selective surface and added backing cavity
Authors: Chiu Cheng‐Nan , Tseng Chien‐Cheng 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article newly proposes to embed a frequency‐selective surface (FSS) in a backing cavity to reduce the back‐lobe level and depolarization deficiency of a broadband spiral antenna.For demonstration, a single‐arm rectangular spiral antenna backed by an FSS‐added cavity was created and studied. The cavity‐backed antenna has an enhanced main beam and an extremely low back lobe, in contrast with the original spiral antenna without cavity. In addition, the antenna backed by the FSS‐added cavity shows better performance, especially in the depolarization reduction and main‐beam enhancement, compared with the spiral antenna backed only by the cavity having no FSS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:715–718, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26613
Directivity enhancement of fabry‐perot antenna by using a stepped‐dielectric slab superstrate
Authors: Li Yanfei , Mittra Raj , Zeng Binghao , Lu Guizhen , Li Zengrui , Liu Jianbo , Chen Cheng‐Wei , Chang Dau‐Chyrh 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA Fabry‐Perot resonator excited by a microstrip patch antenna that has a superstrate with a stepped dielectric constant is designed to operate at 5.8 GHz. The antenna is fabricated and is shown to provide enhanced directivity over that achievable using uniform dielectric slabs, with either εr = 4.4 or εr = 10.2 as superstrates. The measured maximum gain of the patch antenna with a step‐index dielectric constant superstrate with a dimension of 2λ0 × 2λ0 was found to be 13.44 dBi, whereas the corresponding values for the uniform dielectric superstrate are 11.25 (εr = 4.4) and 12.44 dBi (εr = 10.2). As shown in this article, the aperture efficiency of the step‐index dielectric is also higher than those of the other two. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:711–715, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26614
Extension of the maliuzhinets solution for the resistive half‐plane
Authors: Umul Yusuf Ziya 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe solution, put forward by Maliuzhinets for the impedance half‐plane, is extended for the diffraction problem of plane waves by a resistive half‐plane. With this aim, the Wiener‐Hopf solution of the same problem is taken into account. The resultant diffracted field expression is compared with the Wiener‐Hopf solution of the problem numerically. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:777–780, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26626
Optimal placement of mobile antenna in an urban area using evolutionary multiobjective optimization
Authors: Narayanan Lakshminarasimman , Subramanian Baskar , Arokiaswami Alphones , Iruthayarajan M. Willjuice 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe optimized placements of mobile antennas (MA) in an existing high traffic urban area are identified using evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithms (EMOA). The design parameters such as (x, y) coordinates, transmitting power, height, and tilt are considered. The objectives are coverage and cost where as the inequality constraints are handover, traffic demand, and overlap. Modified NSGA‐II (MNSGA‐II) is preferred to improve the non dominated solutions. A detailed study is performed about physical and geometrical structure of propagation environment. Four different case studies are performed. The simulation results reveal that Hata–Okumura path loss model is more suited. MNSGA‐II is able to determine optimal MA parameters for multiobjective case studies. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:737–743, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26627
1‐D uniform and chirped electromagnetic bandgap structures in substrate integrated waveguides at 60 GHz
Authors: Schwartz J. D. , Zhuge Q. , Azaña J. , Plant D.V. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article presents the demonstration of 1‐D uniform and chirped electromagnetic bandgap structures in substrate integrated waveguides operating at 60 GHz achieved through modulation of the waveguide sidewalls. Numerical and experimental measurements are presented and discussed. In the chirped case, a structure having a dispersive group delay slope of approximately 0.15 ns/GHz over an operating bandwidth of 5 GHz is achieved, although some group delay ripple appears in measurement which affects the realized linearity of the device. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:735–737, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26628
Direct extraction technique of π‐topology small‐signal equivalent circuit model for Si/SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor
Authors: Taher H. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA developed direct extraction technique of small‐signal π‐topology Small signal equivalent circuit model for Si/SiGe heterojunction bipolar transistor is presented.The intrinsic model parameters are analytically extracted. The extraction procedure is performed using new set of exact equations that do not need numerical fitting, special polarization of the device or any kind of post processing. Flat frequency response of the extracted parameters is obtained. Excellent agreement is noticed between S‐parameters measurements and its simulated counterpart using the extracted model in the frequency range from 40 MHz to 20 GHz at different bias conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:584–589, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26635
A study on isolation enhancement of MIMO antenna using differential ground path
Authors: Lee Won‐Jong , Yoon Cheol , Kim Sang‐Uk , Park Hyo‐Dal 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article presents the characteristics of the enhanced isolation antenna realized for EGSM/DCS systems.The proposed antenna consists of the two radiation planar inverted F antennas are orthogonally arranged. The operating frequency of the two radiators is designed to be equal and enhanced isolation of −18 ∼ −21 dB is achieved. A high isolation is obtained by adding additional ground path of the antenna. The multiple‐input multiple‐output structure gives high gain and low correlation (< 0.2). Details of the proposed antenna are described and experimental results of constructed prototype also are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:802–805, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26637
Effects of the biasing voltage of modulator on the phase noise of opto‐electronic oscillator
Authors: Hong Jun , Yang Chun 
Published: January 2012

AbstractLow biasing technique has been used recently to reduce the relative intensity noise of the microwave optical fiber links.In this article, the possibility of reducing the phase noise of opto‐electronic oscillator (OEO) by using low‐biased optical fiber link is verified. Theoretical and experimental results show that the single sideband (SSB) phase noise of OEO can be reduced at the maximum by 2.8 dB in low‐biased microwave optical fiber links when compared with conventional quadrature‐biased links. The optimal biasing angle corresponding to the minimum SSB phase noise increases with the intensity of the optical power into modulator. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:689–692, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26642
Silicon electrooptic ring modulator fabricated by a standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor process
Authors: Kim Woo‐Ju , Lee Hak‐Soon , Kim Gun‐Duk , Lee Sang‐Shin , Lee Wan‐Gyu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn electrooptic (EO) modulator incorporating silicon ring resonators has been proposed and demonstrated using a standard complementary metal oxide semiconductor silicon‐on‐insulator technology.It consists of a bus‐coupled ring resonator integrated with a p–i–n junction, involving a grating coupler attached to either end of the bus for light coupling. The EO modulation is accomplished by shifting the band‐stop resonance of the ring via the plasma dispersion effect, which is triggered via the p–i–n junction. The fabricated device was characterized in terms of its guided mode, spectral response, and EO modulation. The resonator functioned as a periodic band‐stop filter with a Q factor of ∼25,700 at ∼1544 nm; its resonance was displaced with a rate of 0.3 pm/μA. Thus, we have achieved an affordable modulation of more than 10‐dB extinction for an applied current of 85 μA. Finally, a high‐speed digital signal beyond 300 Mbps was successfully transmitted through the device to attain a decent eye pattern. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:789–794, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26650
Investigation of the arbitrary waveform semiconductor laser as seed light source for high energy laser
Authors: Wang Hongyun , Da Zhengshang , Liu Baiyu , Liu Hui 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA pulse semiconductor laser modulated by arbitrary shaping electrical waveform is produced and the generated optical pulse can be taken as the seed resource for high‐power laser facilities.Based on ultrawide band microwave device and microstrip line transmission delay application, an all‐solid‐state circuit for generating arbitrary modulation pulse to modulate the semiconductor laser is fabricated. For improving the semiconductor laser power, the output laser pulse is sent into erbium‐doped fiber master oscillator power amplifier architecture for amplification. In the experiment, the output laser pulse can be arbitrarily adjusted at 1547.9 nm center wavelength, less than 10 ns duration, lower than 100 kHz repetition rate, and 330 ps time domain adjustment. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:751–755, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26652
Improved dual band FSS performance with fractal elements
Authors: Wu T. K. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA lightweight and single layer frequency selective surface (FSS) with fractal elements are demonstrated to exhibit significantly improved resonant frequency stability characteristics with varying incident angles and polarizations. It is superior to the other FSS elements in the future applications of multiband space communication and advanced radar antenna systems. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:833–835, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26659
High selectivity quadruple‐mode broadband bandpass filter with source‐load coupling
Authors: Zhou Liang , Liu Shao‐bin , Guo Ya‐nan , Kong Xiang‐kun , Zhang Hai‐feng 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this letter, a high selectivity quadruple‐mode broadband bandpass filter with source‐load coupling is proposed using two different sizes short stub loaded stepped‐impedance resonators (SIRs). Two SIRs can generate four operating modes, which can be approximately adjusted individually. Owing to the special designs of the filter, the coupling of two resonators is weak. In each resonator, the even‐mode frequency can be flexibly controlled by changing the length of the short stub in central plane, whereas the odd‐mode one remains stationary. Because of the source‐load coupling, two transmission zeros are close to the cut‐off frequencies of the passband, which leads to high selectivity. Simulated results show that central frequency is 2.27 GHz with 3‐dB fractional bandwidth of 22.9%. The measured and simulated results are well complied with each other. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:617–620, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26668
Aperture stacked microstrip equal/unequal power divider
Authors: Mitu S. S. I. , Taiwo S.L. , Sharawi M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn aperture stacked in‐phase power divider is designed, where unequal 7:1 power division can be achieved without any difficulty in microstrip realization. The simulated and experimental results of equal and unequal power split are presented to demonstrate low insertion loss, high isolation between the output ports and large impedance bandwidth. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:784–785, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26669
An approach to temperature‐insensitive band gap – The InGaGdN case
Authors: Emura Shuichi , Mohd‐Tawil Siti‐Nooraya , Krishnamurthy Daivasigamani , Asahi Hajime 
Published: January 2012

AbstractQuaternary alloys InGaGdN with In content of 23% and 14% (Gd ≈ 1% in both) are successfully grown with a sufficient quality to investigate the temperature behavior of photoluminescence (PL). A temperature‐independent peak position is found for the sample with In content of 23%, while the sample with In content of 14% shows a weak temperature dependence. A theoretical model to explain the temperature dependence of the band gap of semiconductors is developed, where the inter‐band mixing and the inner stress caused by the difference of the thermal expansion among the component alloys are taken into account.
Transvaginal ultrasound predicts delayed response to chemotherapy and drug resistance in Stage I low‐risk trophoblastic neoplasia
Authors: Cavoretto P. , Gentile C. , MangilI G. , Garavaglia E. , Valsecchi L. , Spagnolo D. , MONTOLI S. , Candiani M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjectivesMethotrexate (MTX) resistance is defined on the basis of the human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) curve. The aim of this study was to identify low‐risk non‐metastatic patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) who can achieve resolution by continuing MTX treatment despite a transient hCG plateau.MethodsBefore starting chemotherapy, 24 patients with FIGO Stage I GTN underwent transvaginal ultrasonography with power Doppler in order to identify myometrial lesions (areas of increased echogenicity and increased power Doppler signal). Ultrasound response to chemotherapy was defined when myometrial lesions decreased in echogenicity, Doppler signal or size. When ultrasound response occurred, despite chemoresistance defined by hCG values, MTX treatment was continued.ResultsMTX was continued in three out of seven chemoresistant patients because ultrasound suggested response to MTX. All three of these patients achieved a complete response, thus nearly halving the MTX‐resistance rate.ConclusionAmong patients who are candidates for second‐line treatment on the basis of hCG, ultrasound may identify those in whom further MTX administration can induce a delayed complete response. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metastasis‐associated Protein 1 Nuclear Expression is Closely Associated with Tumor Progression and Angiogenesis in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Li Shu‐Hai , Tian Hui , Yue Wei‐Ming , Li Lin , Gao Cun , Li Wen‐Jun , Hu Wen‐Si , Hao Bin 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purposes of the present study were to detect the expression of metastasis‐associated protein 1 (MTA1) in patients with esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC), and to evaluate the relevance of MTA1 protein expression to the tumor progression, angiogenesis, and prognosis.MethodsBoth MTA1 protein and intratumoral microvessels were examined by immunohistochemical staining in 131 ESCC patients who successfully underwent subtotal esophagectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis at Qilu Hospital between Jan 2004 and Dec 2005. Intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) was recorded by counting CD‐34 positive immunostained endothelial cells. All statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 13.0 statistical software.ResultsHigh expression of MTA1 protein was detected in 57 cases and significantly correlated with tumor invasion depth (P = 0.041), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.021), pathologic stage (P = 0.003), and MVD (P = 0.044). Survival analysis showed that patients with MTA1 protein high expression had significantly poor overall 5‐year survival (P = 0.002), and the factor found on multivariate analysis to significantly affect overall survival was only pathologic stage (P = 0.040). Further stratified survival analysis split by pathologic stage demonstrated that MTA1 protein high expression significantly predicted unfavorable prognosis among patients with pathologic stage II disease (P = 0.006).ConclusionsHigh expression of the MTA1 protein is common in ESCC, and is closely associated with tumor progression, increased tumor angiogenesis, and poor survival. These findings indicate that MTA1 protein has clinical potentials as a useful indicator of progressive phenotype, a promising prognostic predictor to identify patients with poor prognosis, and a potential novel therapeutic target of antiangiogenesis for patients with ESCC.
The emergence of grammar in very-low-birth-weight Finnish children at two years of age
Authors: STOLT SUVI , MATOMÄKI JAAKKO , HAATAJA LEENA , LAPINLEIMU HELENA , LEHTONEN LIISA ,   the PIPARI STUDY GROUP
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTIt is not well understood how grammar emerges in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) children. The main aim of the present study was to gain information on the emergence of grammar in this group at 2 ; 0. The Finnish version of the Communicative Development Inventory was used to collect data from VLBW children (N = 156) and full-term controls (N = 146). At a group level, the grammatical skills of the VLBW children were significantly weaker than those of the controls. However, when the effect of lexicon size and premature birth on the emergence of grammar was analyzed in detail, few significant differences were found between the groups. The results suggest that even though grammar emerges more slowly for the VLBW children, it emerges in a manner comparable to that of the controls, when the effect of lexicon size is taken into consideration.
Band offsets at the epitaxial SrTiO3/SrZrO3 (0 0 1) heterojunction
Authors: Schafranek R , Baniecki J D , Ishii M , Kotaka Y , Yamanka K , Kurihara K 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The interface formation between SrTiO3 and SrZrO3 has been studied using in situ photoelectron spectroscopy. Epitaxial SrZrO3 thin films were grown on (0 0 1)-oriented SrTiO3 : Nb single crystals via pulsed-laser deposition. The epitaxial SrZrO3 growth was verified via x-ray diffraction and Cs-corrected high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy. A type I straddling configuration has been found for the interface analysed with a valence band and conduction band offset of 0.5 eV and 1.9 eV, respectively.
The Foundations of European Union Competition Law
Authors: Nazzini Renato 
Published: January 2012

AbstractArticle 102 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union prohibits the abuse of a dominant position as incompatible with the internal market. Its application in practice has been controversial with goals as diverse as the preservation of an undistorted competitive process, the protection of economic freedom, the maximisation of consumer welfare, social welfare, or economic efficiency all cited as possible or desirable objectives. These conflicting aims have raised complex questions as to how abuses can be assessed and how a dominant position should be defined. This book addresses the conceptual problems underlying the tests to be applied under Article 102 in light of the objectives of EU competition law. Adopting an interdisciplinary approach, the book covers all the main issues relating to Article 102, including its objectives, its relationship with other principles and provisions of EU law, the criteria for the assessment of individual abusive practices, and the definition of dominance. It provides an in-depth doctrinal and normative commentary of the case law with the aim of establishing an intellectually robust and practically workable analytical framework for abuse of dominance.