bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An ethnographic study to develop a taxonomy of lies for communicating with people with moderate to severe dementia
Authors: Murray Jane , Thompson Juliana , Hill Michael , James Ian 
Published: June 2024

Background There is no definition of what constitutes a lie when working with people with moderate to severe dementia. Lies are often defined as therapeutic with no evidence of how therapeutic value is gauged. There is no previous research that observes lies being told or the impact the lies have on people with dementia. Aim The aim was to develop a taxonomy of lies for use when supporting people with moderate to severe dementia and then use this to develop a model, which could be used to explore the impact of lie telling. Research design Ethnography was used, with the researcher observing and recording lies told to people with moderate to severe dementia, by professional caregivers. Data analysis was based on Burnard’s thematic analysis. Ethical consideration Ethical approval for the study was obtained from Northumbria University, the Research Ethics Committee (REC) and the Health Research Authority (HRA) in the United Kingdom. Study number 227508. Findings Six categories of lie were identified; blatant, avoidance, familiarity, props, banter and going along with. Spontaneous and planned lies were observed. Motivation, validation and genuineness were key in terms of how the person with dementia responded. These affective domains were used to develop the Lie ARM (affective reflective model). Discussion Planned and spontaneous lies are an effective intervention for people with moderate to severe dementia. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of their motivation for using lies, as well as the impact they have on patients. Conclusion The taxonomy is an objective way to categorise lies. It supports increased reflection, particularly if used in conjunction with the Lie ARM. The Lie ARM is a useful tool to help staff reflect on practice or to predict whether a proposed lie is likely to be therapeutic.
COVID-19 and nurses’ ethical issues: Comparisons between two European countries
Authors: Usberg Gerli , Clari Marco , Conti Alessio , Põld Mariliis , Kalda Ruth , Kangasniemi Mari 
Published: June 2024

Background The global pandemic raised ethical issues for nurses about caring for all patients, not just those with COVID-19. Italy was the first European country to be seriously affected by the first wave, while Estonia’s infection and death rates were among the lowest in Europe. Did this raise different ethical issues for nurses in these two countries as well? Aim The aim was to describe and compare ethical issues between nurses working during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Estonia and Italy. Research design A cross-sectional survey study with a self-administered questionnaire. The impact of COVID- 19 emergency on nursing care questionnaire was used. Participants and research context Convenience sampling was used to recruit 1098 nurses working during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020: 162 from Estonia and 936 from Italy. Ethical considerations Research ethics approvals were obtained, and the nurses provided informed consent. Results The most frequent ethical issues for Estonian nurses were professional communication and ensuring access to care for patients without COVID-19, and for Italian nurses, the end-of-life care and the risk of them getting the virus and transmitting it to their loved ones. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of ethical issues between Estonian nurses working with patients with and without COVID-19. Italian nurses caring for COVID-19 patients faced statistically significantly more (both p < .001) issues around prioritising patients and end-of-life. Nurses working with patients without COVID-19 in Italy faced more issues about access to care ( p < .001). Conclusions Estonian and Italian nurses, working in different clinical contexts during the first wave of the pandemic, faced different ethical issues. Local contextual aspects need to be considered to support nurses’ ethical decision-making in providing care during future crises and to ensure ethical care for patients.
Punicalagin Ameliorating Renal Cell Tumors Against N-Diethylnitrosamine-initiated Iron Nitrilotriacetate-induced Carcinogenesis
Authors: Li Li , Liu Lin , Qin Hong , Xing Ligang 
Published: June 2024

Background Renal cell carcinoma, the most prominent kind of adult kidney cancer, lacks early warning symptoms, leading to metastases at the time of diagnosis. Renal cell carcinoma begins with N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) and is accelerated by ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA), which may be a good research model for renal cell carcinoma. Purpose This study was designed to unveil the protective potential of punicalagin against renal cell tumors induced by Fe-NTA in male mice. Materials and Methods Renal cancer initiation was achieved through a single intraperitoneal injection of DEN (200 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.)), followed by promotion using Fe-NTA (9 mg Fe/kg b.wt. intraperitoneally) administered twice weekly over 16 weeks. Simultaneously, mice were subjected to punicalagin (10 mg/kg b.wt.) for an uninterrupted 16-week duration. The chemopreventive efficacy of punicalagin was assessed by evaluating antioxidant activities, oxidative stress markers, renal function parameters, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemical analyses. Results Results showed a significant reduction in DEN and Fe-NTA-mediated lipid peroxidation, concurrent with the amelioration of renal function, as reflected by diminished levels of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and kidney injury molecule-1 in punicalagin-treated mice. Furthermore, punicalagin restored the renal antioxidant parameters like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione in DEN and Fe-NTA-treated mice. Further, it was observed that punicalagin reduces the expression of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (levels and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-modified protein adducts within the kidney tissue. Conclusion These findings were further substantiated by histological examinations. Our current findings indicate that punicalagin might be a potential contender for preventing renal cancer, likely due to its capacity to reduce oxidative stress in laboratory animals.
Application of modified no-touch technique in rabbit arteriovenous fistula model and its effect on venous neointimal hyperplasia
Authors: Donghua Gu , Zhen Liu , Xiaohe Wang , Guocun Hou , Lei Shen 
Published: June 2024

Background: To investigate the technical advantages of a modified no-touch technique (MNTT) in constructing arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) compared to the conventional technique (CT) and assess its potential to reduce neointimal hyperplasia in the outflow vein. Methods: Forty-seven New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: control, CT, and MNTT. Rabbits in control group were observed using ultrasound and then euthanized to obtain external jugular vein (EJV) for Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E). We established common carotid artery (CCA)-EJV AVF using MNTT in the MNTT group and the CT in the CT group. AVF patency and complications were compared between the CT and MNTT groups. Rabbits with patent AVF in both groups were observed using ultrasound 2 weeks after surgery to evaluate changes in the vessel diameter and blood flow spectrum of the AVFs. H-E staining measured the intima thickness of EJV adjacent to the anastomosis and histologic characteristics of the AVF at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery. Results: Five rabbits died after surgery with common symptoms of sneezing, coughing, runny nose, anorexia, and diarrhea; two in the MNTT group and three in the CT group. There were significant differences in the diameter ( p = 0.010) and peak systolic velocities (PSV) ( p = 0.001) of EJV between the CT and MNTT groups 2 weeks after surgery. Spiral laminar flow (SLF) was observed in CCA and EJV adjacent to anastomosis in the MNTT group. Additionally, histological observations showed less venous neointimal hyperplasia in the MNTT group than in the CT group 4 weeks after surgery. Conclusion: The rabbit model of CCA-EJV AVF established using MNTT demonstrated fewer com plications, larger vein diameters, and reduced venous neointimal hyperplasia, indicating that this maybe an ideal animal model to further investigate the application of MNTT in AVF surgery.
Pedestrian wintertime slip and fall injuries—effectiveness of weather warning service in prevention
Authors: Ruuhela Reija , Hippi Marjo , Hartonen Sari 
Published: June 2024

Background and aim: In climates with wintry conditions, slip and fall injuries of pedestrians during wintertime can result in high healthcare and societal costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of early warnings about slipperiness in preventing such injuries in Finland. Since 2004, the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI) has been providing a weather service for pedestrians, which has been developed continuously over time. Data and methods: Time series of pedestrian slip and fall injuries in commuting on foot in the 19 regions of Finland in 2005–2022 was obtained from the Finnish Workers’ Compensation Center and analysed for trends. We also analysed daily warnings about slippery sidewalks from the FMI archives for the period 2011–2022. To identify steps in the service chain that require improvement, we conducted a weather service chain analysis (WSCA) based on a slip and fall accident storyline. Results: There was no significant trend in the number of slipping injuries during the study period. The exposure of the Finnish population to slippery conditions varies according to the climate of the region and characteristics of the winters. We found that the responses of the users of the warning information may be inadequate. Conclusions: Changes in the behaviour of individuals and more efficient winter maintenance of sidewalks are required. Furthermore, it is necessary to promote the role and safety of walking in the planning of traffic systems and urban planning. Further improvements to the pedestrian weather service are needed as well.
Robotic Beating-Heart Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass: Impact of Chest Wall Dimensions in Single and Multivessel Bypass
Authors: Watanabe Tatsuya , Kitahara Hiroto , Nisivaco Sarah , Coleman Charocka , Patel Brooke , Balkhy Husam H. 
Published: June 2024

Objective: There can be anatomical constraints on patient selection for minimally invasive surgery. For example, robot-assisted coronary artery bypass was reported to be more challenging when patients had a cardiothoracic ratio >50% and a sternum-vertebra anteroposterior and transverse diameter ratio <0.45. We sought to examine the impact of chest wall anatomic parameters on surgical outcomes in our totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass (TECAB) procedures. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent robotic TECAB, all of whom had a preoperative chest radiograph at our institution from July 2017 to October 2021. The cohort was divided into 2 groups, which were patients undergoing single-vessel grafting using the left internal thoracic artery (ITA; group 1) and patients undergoing multivessel grafting with bilateral ITA grafts (group 2). We measured several anatomical parameters from the preoperative chest radiograph. Results: A total of 352 patients undergoing TECAB were retrospectively analyzed. After exclusions, 193 were included in this study. In group 1 ( n = 91), no parameters correlated with operative time. In group 2 ( n = 102), a significant negative correlation was observed between operative time and the sternum-vertebrae anteroposterior diameter ( rs = −0.228, P = 0.022) and lung anteroposterior diameter ( rs = −0.246, P = 0.013). To confirm these results in group 2, a propensity-matched analysis was performed and showed a statistically significant difference in surgical time based on chest anteroposterior diameters. Conclusions: In single-vessel robotic TECAB, chest wall anatomic dimensions measured on chest radiograph did not affect operative time. In multivessel cases with bilateral ITA grafts, larger anteroposterior diameter correlated with shorter operative times.
Temporal trends of sex differences in acute reperfusion therapy and early outcomes of acute ischemic stroke in South Korea: 10-year analysis of the nationwide stroke registry
Authors: Chung Darda , Lee Ji Sung , Oh Mi-Sun , Park Jong-Moo , Chung Jong-Won , Bang Oh Young , Kim Gyeong-Moon , Seo Woo-Keun 
Published: June 2024

Background: Sex differences in stroke outcomes are notable, with women experiencing higher incidence rates, greater disability-adjusted life years, and poorer recovery compared to men, even after adjusting for age and comorbidities. Despite the disproportionate burden in women, studies have reported that women are less likely to receive appropriate stroke treatment than men. Aim: This study investigated temporal trends of sex differences in acute reperfusion therapy and early outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke over 10 years in South Korea. Methods: A retrospective analysis of Korean Stroke Registry included patients with acute ischemic stroke from 2012 to 2021. The study outcomes were the temporal trends of acute reperfusion therapy and early outcomes over 10 years in men and women, respectively. In addition, this study analyzed the temporal trends of sex differences in these parameters during the same period. Early outcomes include the proportions of favorable functional outcomes at discharge, discharge patterns, and in-hospital mortality. Results: A total of 93,692 patients (68.4 years, 40.1% women) with acute ischemic stroke were finally enrolled. Women had a higher age at stroke onset, a higher prevalence of atrial fibrillation, and more severe strokes than men. Women had lower proportion of favorable functional outcomes at discharge and higher proportion of in-hospital mortality compared to men each year. The proportion of patients who received intravenous thrombolysis was lower or similar in women compared to men in most years, and the proportion of patients who received endovascular thrombectomy did not significantly differ between sexes annually. Sex differences in acute reperfusion therapy remained unchanged over 10 years. Conclusion: Women have received acute reperfusion therapy at similar or lower rates than men and experienced poorer outcomes, despite having more stroke risk factors and often more severe strokes.
Between-microcycle variability of external soccer training loads through the evaluation of a contemporary periodisation training model ‘CUPs’
Authors: Owen Adam , Weston Matthew , Clancy Colin 
Published: June 2024

Objective Variation in training load is consistently demonstrated within weekly microcycles in soccer, yet less is known of load variations between the same weekday sessions across different microcycles. Our study aim was to examine between-microcycle variability in key measures of external training load. Methods Thirty-seven professional soccer players participated in this observational study which took place across the clubs' initial 8-week in-season mesocycle of the 2022/23 season. During this mesocycle, each 1-week microcycle consisted of four distinct classifications of training session (Matchday (MD)-4, MD-3, MD-2, and MD-1, and one match (Saturday). External load data (total distance, high-intensity (>5.5 m.s) distance, high-intensity accelerations (>3 m/s2), and percentage (%) of maximal speed attained) were collected across 564 training sessions (MD-4 = 123, MD-3 = 148, MD-2 = 130, MD-1 = 163). Data were analysed with mixed linear modelling. Results When compared to the first microcycle, substantial week-to-week variation was evident for each of the four training session classifications, ranging from 1244 m to 2248 m for total distance, 80 m to 197 m for high-intensity distance, 11 to 25 for high-intensity accelerations, and 10.2 percentage points to 15.4 percentage points for % maximal speed. Conclusion Our data show that despite training sessions having a consistency of planned training stimulus across an 8-week mesocycle, external load varied between microcycles. Nevertheless, within-player variability on the same day relative to matchday indicated a more consistent stimulus for key training variables relevant to specific training days.
Uncovering the roles of complexity and expertise in memorizing tactical movements from videos with coach's pointing gestures and guided gaze
Authors: Chikha Houssem Ben , Mguidich Hajer , Zoudji Bachir , Khacharem Aïmen 
Published: June 2024

Background Improving the acquisition of complex tactical knowledge through video presentations has attracted considerable attention. Previous research has aimed to facilitate learning by structuring videos including pointing gestures and guided gaze. However, it is debatable whether these cues actually contribute to improved performance in the context of tactical learning for players with varying levels of expertise. Objectives The present study examined the moderating roles of content complexity and expertise level on recall scores, mental effort, and visual attention while watching videos involving coach's pointing gestures and guided gaze, as well as videos with no cues. Methods One hundred sixty novice and expert basketball learners were randomly divided into four groups: (i) simple content + no-cues, (ii) simple content + gesture/gaze, (iii) more complex content + no-cues, and (iv) more complex content + gesture/cues. They were instructed to learn the evolution of a tactical scene described by the coach, rate their mental effort invested during the learning phase, and reproduce the learned tactical scene. Results and conclusions The results showed that regardless of the complexity of the content, novices achieved better recall performance and higher visual attention in the gesture/gaze condition than in the no-cues condition. However, the results showed that experts benefited equally from both conditions when the content was simple, whereas they benefited more from the gesture/gaze condition when the content was more complex. The results showed that the effectiveness of videos involving pointing gestures and guided gaze depends on the content complexity and the expertise level.
Pregnancy in women on dialysis – A case series – Challenges in achieving evidence-based care
Authors: De Souza Laura , Pham Duc , Craven Ann-Maree , Sekar Renuka , Jesudason Shilpanjali , Ratanjee Sharad , Walker Wallace , Ranganathan Dwarakanathan 
Published: June 2024

Background Pregnancies in women on dialysis remain rare but are increasing in numbers. Methods Retrospective observational audit of seven cases from 1977 to 2022 of all women who conceived prior to dialysis or conceived whilst on dialysis. Results Of a total of seven women, three were referred from regional centres in Australia, between the 6 and 20 weeks of gestation, generally without any opportunity for pre-conception counselling. Five were managed with intensive haemodialysis aiming for six sessions per week; one patient continued peritoneal dialysis until birth by caesarean section. Five women out of seven had live births, two of which were conceived whilst on dialysis. Four were delivered prematurely between 27 and 31 weeks of gestation, and one at term via spontaneous vaginal delivery. Conclusions Outcomes for women with pregnancies on dialysis benefit from intensive dialysis management however the practical implementation remains challenging. Our cases highlight the diversity of experience in our centre across two decades.
Effectiveness of instant versus text messaging intervention on antiretroviral therapy adherence among men who have sex with men living with HIV
Authors: Jiao Kedi , Ma Jing , Lin Yuxi , Li Yijun , Yan Yu , Cheng Chunxiao , Jia Wenwen , Meng Jing , Wang Lina , Cao Yanwen , Zhao Zhonghui , Yang Xuan , Liao Meizhen , Kang Dianmin , Wang Chunmei , Ma Wei 
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of instant versus text messaging intervention (TMI) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. Methods This study was conducted in an infectious disease hospital of Jinan, China from October 2020 to June 2021, using non-randomized concurrent controlled design to compare the effectiveness of instant messaging intervention (IMI) versus TMI. The intervention strategies (health messaging, medication reminder, and peer education) and contents were consistent between the two groups, and the difference was service delivery method and type of information. The primary outcome was the proportion of achieving optimal ART adherence, defined as never missing any doses and delayed any doses more than 1 hour. Results A total of 217 participants (including 72 in TMI group and 145 in IMI group) were included in the study. The proportion of achieving optimal adherence was higher in IMI group than TMI group at the first follow-up (90.2% versus 77.6%, p = 0.021) and second follow-up (86.5% versus 76.6%, p = 0.083). The effect of IMI versus TMI on improving ART adherence was found not to be statistically significant (risk ratio (RR) = 1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.95–3.94) in complete-case analysis. However, when excluding participants who did not adhere to the interventions, a significant improvement was observed (RR = 2.77, 95%CI: 1.21–6.38). More participants in IMI group expressed highly rated satisfaction to the intervention services than those in TMI group (67.3% versus 50.0%). Conclusions The IMI demonstrated superior efficacy over TMI in improving ART adherence and satisfaction with intervention services. It is suggested that future digital health interventions targeting ART adherence should prioritize instant messaging with multimedia information in areas with Internet access. Trial registration The study was registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR), with number [ChiCTR2000041282].