bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse childhood experiences and dental cleaning during pregnancy: Findings from the North and South Dakota PRAMS, 2017–2021
Authors: Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , Crawford Allison , Mungia Rahma , Ganson Kyle T. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveResearch demonstrates that adverse childhood experiences (ACEs)—that is, experiences of abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction—are related to lower preventive dental care utilization in childhood and adolescence. However, limited research has explored the connection between ACEs and preventive dental care utilization in adulthood, and no research has examined this relationship during pregnancy. The current study extends existing research by investigating the relationship between ACEs and dental cleaning and dental care utilization during pregnancy among a sample of women who delivered live births in North Dakota and South Dakota.MethodsData are from the 2017 to 2021 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) in North Dakota and South Dakota (n = 7391). Multiple logistic regression is used to examine the relationship between the number of ACEs (0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 or more) and dental cleaning during pregnancy.ResultsRelative to respondents with 0 ACEs, those with 4 or more ACEs were significantly less likely to report having dental care during pregnancy (OR = 0.757, 95% CI = 0.638, 0.898). By racial and ethnic background, the results showed that the significant associations are concentrated among White and Native American respondents.ConclusionsThe results suggest that exposure to 4 or more ACEs is associated with a significantly lower likelihood of dental cleaning during pregnancy among women who delivered a live birth in North Dakota and South Dakota. Further investigations are necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying the relationship between ACEs and dental cleaning during pregnancy and replicate the findings in other geographic contexts.
Pulmonary thrombotic pulmonary hypertension managed using antithrombotic and pulmonary vasodilator treatment
Authors: Horikawa Rina , Suzuki Ryohei , Yuchi Yunosuke , Satomi Shuji , Saito Takahiro , Teshima Takahiro , Matsumoto Hirotaka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old Leonberger receiving immunosuppressive treatment with clinical signs of acute dyspnea, cyanosis, and difficulty standing was referred to our institution (Day 1). Treatment including oxygen, clopidogrel, and low‐molecular‐weight heparin was initiated for suspected pulmonary thrombosis. However, exertional dyspnea persisted until Day 10, and increased tricuspid regurgitation velocity, pulmonary vascular resistance, and McConnell's signs also were observed. Thus, beraprost sodium was administered PO on Day 11 to treat suspected pulmonary hypertension. On Day 13, contrast‐enhanced computed tomography identified extensive contrast defects in the pulmonary arteries, and IV monteplase was administered on Days 14 and 18, with marked improvement in respiratory status and exertional dyspnea on Day 20. Right ventricular function and McConnell signs also improved, and tricuspid regurgitation velocity and pulmonary vascular resistance decreased. On Day 250, echocardiography indicated further improvement in pulmonary hypertension pathophysiology. The patient was still progressing well with antithrombotic and pulmonary vasodilator treatment 400 days later.
Granuloprival cerebellar cortical degeneration in a Yorkshire Terrier and Lagotto Romagnolo dog
Authors: Mignan Thomas , Pumarola Martí , Platt Simon , James Matthew , Pereira Marta , Morey‐Matamalas Antonia , Recio Alfredo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGranuloprival degeneration is an uncommon form of cerebellar cortical degeneration (CCD). A 3‐month‐old Yorkshire Terrier and a 7‐month‐old Lagotto Romagnolo dog were presented with a history of progressive cerebellar dysfunction including wide‐based stance, cerebellar ataxia, intention tremors, and loss of menace response despite normal vision. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain identified marked diffuse decrease of the cerebellum size. Euthanasia was performed in both cases because of progression of clinical signs. Histopathological examination identified marked diffuse thinning of the granular cell layer with almost complete loss of the granular cell neurons, providing a definitive diagnosis of granuloprival CCD. Granuloprival CCD should be considered as a differential diagnosis in Yorkshire Terrier and Lagotto Romagnolo dogs with post‐natal progressive clinical signs of cerebellar dysfunction.
The impact of macro‐ and micro‐steatosis on the outcomes of patients who undergo liver transplant: Analysis of the UNOS‐STAR database
Authors: Lee David Uihwan , Yoo Ashley , Kolachana Sindhura , Lee Jaehyun , Ponder Reid , Fan Gregory Hongyuan , Lee Ki Jung , Lee KeeSeok , Schuster Kimmy , Chou Harrison , Chou Hannah , Sun Catherine , Chang Michael , Pu Alex , Urrunaga Nathalie Helen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe presence of steatosis in a donor liver and its relation to post‐transplantation outcomes are not well defined. This study evaluates the effect of the presence and severity of micro‐ and macro‐steatosis of a donor graft on post‐transplantation outcomes.MethodsThe UNOS‐STAR registry (2005–2019) was used to select patients who received a liver transplant graft with hepatic steatosis. The study cohort was stratified by the presence of macro‐ or micro‐vesicular steatosis, and further stratified by histologic grade of steatosis. The primary endpoints of all‐cause mortality and graft failure were compared using sequential Cox regression analysis. Analysis of specific causes of mortality was further performed.ResultsThere were 9184 with no macro‐steatosis (control), 150 with grade 3 macro‐steatosis, 822 with grade 2 macro‐steatosis and 12 585 with grade 1 macro‐steatosis. There were 10 320 without micro‐steatosis (control), 478 with grade 3 micro‐steatosis, 1539 with grade 2 micro‐steatosis and 10 404 with grade 1 micro‐steatosis. There was no significant difference in all‐cause mortality or graft failure among recipients who received a donor organ with any evidence of macro‐ or micro‐steatosis, compared to those receiving non‐steatotic grafts. There was increased mortality due to cardiac arrest among recipients of a grade 2 macro‐steatosis donor organ.ConclusionThis study shows no significant difference in all‐cause mortality or graft failure among recipients who received a donor liver with any degree of micro‐ or macro‐steatosis. Further analysis identified increased mortality due to specific aetiologies among recipients receiving donor organs with varying grades of macro‐ and micro‐steatosis.
Population dynamics, intergenerational mobility, and the process of economic development
Authors: Aso Hiroki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study analyzes the interactions between population dynamics with differential fertility the intergenerational mobility and economic development. Population dynamics with differential fertility exerts the following two effects on the economy: (i) the change in the population size of the entire economy influences the mobility through changing in the composition of workers and (ii) the decreasing/increasing transfer per child influences the mobility. A sufficient increase in the population growth increases the population size and leads to a significant decline in the transfers per child; this phenomenon contributes toward the cyclical behavior of mobility and income inequality. On the other hand, when a population growth decreases, the mobility monotonically approaches toward steady state. These results are consistent with some empirical evidence. Hence, this study demonstrates that the population dynamics with differential fertility leads to a difference in transitional dynamics of intergenerational mobility and the process of economic development.
Characterization and pathogenicity of Alternaria species associated with leaf spot on Plantago lanceolata in Sichuan Province, China
Authors: Xu Zhi‐Ting , Long Jia‐Hui , Liu Jia‐Qi , Zhang Rui‐Zhen , Xu Ling‐Ling , Wang Jian‐Jun , Wei Xue‐Kai , White James F. , Kamran Malik , Cui Hua‐Wei , Xue Long‐Hai , Li Chun‐Jie , Yue Shang‐Kun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPlantago lanceolata has been increasingly cultivated in recent years as a forage crop due to its high feeding quality, good adaptability and medicinal benefits. Between 2015 and 2023, Alternaria leaf spot (ALS), appearing as reddish‐brown necrotic spots with a greyish white to pale brown centre, was commonly observed in two forage germplasm nurseries of P. lanceolata of Sichuan Province, China. Initially, 139 Alternaria strains were isolated from leaf lesions, and then identified using the identity of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences in the NCBI database and the similarity of morphological characteristics. By pure culture technique, six representative isolates were finally obtained for the present study. Based on both multilocus phylogeny (SSU, LSU, ITS, gapdh, rpb2, tef1, endoPG, OPA10‐2, alt a 1, KOG1058 and KOG1077) and morphology, four Alternaria species were identified: three new records of A. alternata, A. arborescens species complex and A. gossypina on this host in China, belonging to section Alternaria, and a new species of section Porri, namely, A. lanceolatae sp. nov. Pathogenicity tests by inoculation on both detached leaves and whole plants revealed that A. lanceolatae was the most important causal agent of ALS, while the other three species were nonpathogenic to P. lanceolata. This study characterized a novel pathogenic Alternaria species of section Porri from P. lanceolata in China and could contribute as useful research for possible ALS management.
Systematic identification and characterization of microRNAs with target genes involved in high night temperature stress at the filling stage of rice
Authors: Fan Jiangmin , Zhang Hongyu , Shi Yan , Li Yuewu , He Yuxiang , Wang Qiang , Liu Siyi , Yao Youmin , Zhou Xiaoya , Liao Jianglin , Huang Yingjin , Wang Zhaohai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh night temperature stress is one of the main environmental factors affecting rice yield and quality. More and more evidence shows that microRNA (miRNA) plays an important role in various abiotic stresses. However, the molecular network of miRNA regulation on rice tolerance to high night temperatures remains unclear. Here, small RNA, transcriptome and degradome sequencing were integrated to identify differentially expressed miRNAs, genes, and key miRNA‐target gene pairs in rice heat‐sensitive and heat‐tolerant lines at the filling stage suffering from high night temperature stress. It was discovered that there were notable differences in the relative expression of 102 miRNAs between the two rice lines under stress. Meanwhile, 5263 and 5405 mRNAs were differentially expressed in the heat‐sensitive line and heat‐tolerant line, and functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were involved in heat‐related processes and pathways. The miRNAs‐mRNAs target relationship was further verified by degradome sequencing. Eventually, 49 miRNAs‐222 mRNAs target pairs with reverse expression patterns showed significant relative expression changes between the heat‐tolerant and the heat‐sensitive line, being suggested to be responsible for the heat tolerance difference of these two rice lines. Functional analysis of these 222 mRNA transcripts showed that high night temperature‐responsive miRNAs targeted these mRNAs involved in many heat‐related biological processes, such as transcription regulation, chloroplast regulation, mitochondrion regulation, protein folding, hormone regulation and redox process. This study identified possible miRNA‐mRNA regulation relationships in response to high night temperature stress in rice and potentially contributed to heat resistance breeding of rice in the future.
Global chessboard: Analyzing how geopolitical risk shapes renewable energy technology investments
Authors: Zheng Xin , Li Chang , Ali Sajid , Adebayo Tomiwa Sunday 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe allocation of budgets for renewable energy (RE) technology is significantly influenced by geopolitical risks (GPRs), reflecting the intricate interplay among global political dynamics, social media narratives, and the strategic investment decisions essential for advancing sustainable energy solutions. Against the backdrop of increasing worldwide initiatives to transition to RE sources, it is crucial to understand how GPR affects funding allocations, informing policy decisions, and fostering international collaboration to pursue sustainable energy solutions. Existing work probes the nonlinear effect of GPR on RE technology budgets (RTB) within the top 10 economies characterized by substantial research and development investments in RE (China, USA, Germany, Japan, France, South Korea, India, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Italy). Past research largely focused on panel data techniques to delve the interconnection between GPR and RE technology, overlooking the distinctive characteristics of individual economies. Contrarily, existing investigation implements the “Quantile‐on‐Quantile” tool to explore this association on an economy‐particular basis, enhancing the precision of our analysis and offering both a comprehensive global perspective and nuanced perceptions for entire countries. The findings manifest a significant reduction in funding for RE technology associated with GPR across various quantile levels in the chosen economies. The disparities in results spotlight the necessity for policymakers to perform thorough assessments and carry out competent strategies to address the variations in GPR and RTB.
From climatic to international shocks: Where does the evidence stand on income changes and child labor
Authors: Ravetti Chiara , Bozzola Martina , Bruederle Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChildren in developing countries are vulnerable to shocks and adversities and child labor is often seen as a direct consequence of poverty and economic downturns. While such univocal causality may appear obvious, its empirical basis has not been systematically evaluated. To understand the linkages between shocks, changes in the economic situation of families and child labor, we therefore conduct a systematic literature review on the impact of income‐related shocks on child labor. We evaluate empirical studies of weather events and natural disasters, agricultural shocks such as crop failures, family shocks like parental illness, price shocks and transnational shocks through trade, migration, and remittances. Focusing on the literature that identifies causal effects, we find that the relationship between shocks and child labor is far from univocal. While in most cases adverse shocks increase child labor, we find that favorable shocks that improve earning opportunities may also cause more child labor. Policies to tackle child labor should therefore develop safety nets that minimize the probability of children being used as buffers in adverse economic downturns, but also consider the risk that positive economic shocks may attract children into labor due to changes to the value of children's time spent working.
Continuation of Reversible Contraception Following Enrollment in the Zika Contraception Access Network (Z‐CAN) in Puerto Rico, 2016–2020
Authors: Zapata Lauren B. , Kortsmit Katherine , Curtis Kathryn M. , Romero Lisa , Hurst Stacey , Lathrop Eva , Acosta Perez Edna , Sánchez Cesáreo Marizaida , Whiteman Maura K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Zika Contraception Access Network (Z‐CAN) provided access to high‐quality client‐centered contraceptive services across Puerto Rico during the 2016–2017 Zika virus outbreak. We sent online surveys during May 2017–August 2020 to a subset of Z‐CAN patients at 6, 24, and 36 months after program enrollment (response rates: 55–60 percent). We described contraceptive method continuation, method satisfaction, and method switching, and we identified characteristics associated with discontinuation using multivariable logistic regression. Across all contraceptive methods, continuation was 82.5 percent, 64.2 percent, and 49.9 percent at 6, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Among continuing users, method satisfaction was approximately ≥90 percent. Characteristics associated with decreased likelihood of discontinuation included: using an intrauterine device or implant compared with a nonlong‐acting reversible contraceptive method (shot, pills, ring, patch, or condoms alone); wanting to prevent pregnancy at follow‐up; and receiving as their baseline method the same method primarily used before Z‐CAN. Other associated characteristics included: receiving the method they were most interested in postcounseling (6 and 24 months) and being very satisfied with Z‐CAN services at the initial visit (6 months). Among those wanting to prevent pregnancy at follow‐up, about half reported switching to another method. Ongoing access to contraceptive services is essential for promoting reproductive autonomy, including supporting patients with continued use, method switching, or discontinuation.
The Narrative Cores of Neighbourhood Reputation as Revealed by Temporal Discourses
Authors: Heino Hanna , Honkaniemi Tuomas , Luoto Ilkka 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeighbourhood reputation is an elusive but much discussed and studied concept that greatly influences people's perceptions of and attitudes towards the residential areas of a city. The temporality related to neighbourhood reputation is a less studied topic. The emergence of a place‐based reputation is a complex social, spatial, temporal, and cultural process that is affected by the neighbourhood's residents and visitors, local and social media, and non‐residents who are knowledgeable about the area. We based our study of reputation on interviews with focus groups, city officials, and politicians. According to the interview data, neighbourhood reputation is articulated through four temporal discourses: the past, presentation, representation, and the future. Ultimately, underlying these four temporal discourses we found causes for neighbourhood reputation and stigmatisation that we named as narrative cores.
Geospatial analysis and prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminth infections in an endemic area in Eastern Brazilian Amazon
Authors: da Trindade Marília Antônia Oliveira , Fonseca Álvaro Luan Santana , Dias Isabelle Helena Lima , de Sousa Sergei Rodrigo Magalhães , Enk Martin Johannes , Lima Karla Valéria Batista , de Paula Souza e Guimarães Ricardo Jose 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study evaluated the occurrence of Schistosoma mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminths in an endemic area in the Eastern Brazilian Amazon, analysing prevalence and spatial distribution.MethodsThe study was conducted in four localities of Primavera Municipality, in Pará state. Data was obtained from the Decit 40/2012 project and the participants were divided into five age range categories for evaluation: children, adolescents, young adults, adults and elderly individuals. For the diagnostic tests, Kato–Katz slides were prepared to detect S. mansoni and soil‐transmitted helminths eggs. The spatial distribution map and the Kernel Density Estimation were performed to assess the presence and location of infections.ResultsStool samples revealed the presence of hookworms, S. mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura eggs. Mono‐, bi‐ and poly‐parasitic infections were observed, with a significant prevalence of hookworm monoparasitism.ConclusionsThe high frequency of children infected with soil‐transmitted helminths confirms their significance as an ongoing public health problem in the poorest municipalities of Brazil. The Geographic Information System plays a crucial role in environmental surveillance and in the control of epidemics and endemic diseases, enabling accurate assessment and informed decision‐making for their control.
Alternative splicing as a driver of natural variation in abscisic acid response
Authors: Díez Alba R. , Szakonyi Dóra , Lozano‐Juste Jorge , Duque Paula 
Published: April 2024

SUMMARYAbscisic acid (ABA) is a crucial player in plant responses to the environment. It accumulates under stress, activating downstream signaling to implement molecular responses that restore homeostasis. Natural variance in ABA sensitivity remains barely understood, and the ABA pathway has been mainly studied at the transcriptional level, despite evidence that posttranscriptional regulation, namely, via alternative splicing, contributes to plant stress tolerance. Here, we identified the Arabidopsis accession Kn‐0 as less sensitive to ABA than the reference Col‐0, as shown by reduced effects of the hormone on seedling establishment, root branching, and stomatal closure, as well as by decreased induction of ABA marker genes. An in‐depth comparative transcriptome analysis of the ABA response in the two variants revealed lower expression changes and fewer genes affected for the least ABA‐sensitive ecotype. Notably, Kn‐0 exhibited reduced levels of the ABA‐signaling SnRK2 protein kinases and lower basal expression of ABA‐reactivation genes, consistent with our finding that Kn‐0 contains less endogenous ABA than Col‐0. ABA also markedly affected alternative splicing, primarily intron retention, with Kn‐0 being less responsive regarding both the number and magnitude of alternative splicing events, particularly exon skipping. We find that alternative splicing introduces a more ecotype‐specific layer of ABA regulation and identify ABA‐responsive splicing changes in key ABA pathway regulators that provide a functional and mechanistic link to the differential sensitivity of the two ecotypes. Our results offer new insight into the natural variation of ABA responses and corroborate a key role for alternative splicing in implementing ABA‐mediated stress responses.
All meromorphic solutions of the autonomous Schwarzian differential equations
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liao Liangwen , Wu Chengfa , Zhao Donghai 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper considers a specific autonomous Schwarzian differential equation given by
and presents a complete characterization of its transcendental meromorphic solutions, thus confirming a conjecture posed by Liao and Wu recently. By combining our results with those obtained in a previous paper (Math. Z. 2 (2022), 1657–1672), we are able to explicitly construct all transcendental meromorphic solutions of the autonomous Schwarzian differential equations. Additionally, we identify all nonconstant rational solutions of the autonomous Schwarzian differential equations, with the exception of one special case.