bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive analysis and systematic review of giant serpentine aneurysms
Authors: Atallah Oday , Hammoud Zeinab , Aljeradat Bahaa , Almealawy Yasser F. , Badary Amr , Elqader Jehad Abd , Sanker Vivek , Farooq Minaam , Muthana Ahmed , Alrubaye Sura N. , Dwebi Assma , Chaurasia Bipin , Azab Mohammed A. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Giant Serpentine Aneurysms (GSA) are a rare subgroup of complex intracranial vascular anomalies characterized by unusually large and convoluted structures within cerebral arteries. This systematic review examines the historical context, clinical presentations, diagnostic methodologies, and evolving treatments specific to GSAs. Its goal is to advance patient care strategies and outcomes within this intricate neurovascular domain.

Methods:
Research encompassing patients diagnosed with GSAs was gathered from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Only comprehensive human studies published in English were considered, using search terms like giant serpentine aneurysm, thrombosed aneurysm, bypass, and angiography. Data regarding patient age, gender, symptoms upon presentation, treatments, recovery duration, and outcomes were systematically documented.

Result:
This analysis of 83 patients with GSA found the middle cerebral artery as the most common site (39.8%). Headaches (54.2%) and visual issues (9.8%) prevailed as symptoms. Seizures correlated with more post-op problems. Females encountered more neurological issues post-surgery (46.4%). Treatment methods varied by location but didn’t significantly affect age or hospital stay length.

Conclusion:
Early recognition and intervention are crucial for mitigating neurological deficits and improving patient prognosis in GSAs. Expanded research and awareness are needed for definitive diagnostic protocols and treatment guidelines.
Triglyceride-glucose index as a marker in cardiovascular diseases; a bibliometric study and visual analysis
Authors: Alotaibi Abdulhadi , Mahapatro Abinash , Mirchandani Mohit , Adla Jala Saisree Reddy , Mohanty Elan , Marsool Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa , Jeanty Herby , Devulapally Pavan , Jain Shika M. , Keivanlou Mohammad-Hossein , Rashidian Pegah , Amani-Beni Reza , Hassanpour Maryam , Amini-Salehi Ehsan 
Published: February 2025

Objective:
This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index in relation to cardiovascular disorders.

Methods:
Data for the analysis were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database on 13 July 2024. We utilized VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Biblioshiny tools for the analysis.

Results:
The study revealed a marked increase in research outputs on the TyG index in recent years, peaking with 137 publications in 2023. China emerged as the leading contributor, followed by the USA. The Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College were among the top contributing institutions. Shouling Wu and Shuohua Chen emerged as the leading authors, with the journal Cardiovascular Diabetology publishing the most articles on this topic. Keyword analysis identified “insulin-resistance” as the most frequently occurring term, followed by “risk.” Cluster analysis identified eleven key research areas, including “percutaneous coronary intervention,” “obesity indicators,” “arterial stiffness,” and “heart failure.”

Conclusion:
This bibliometric analysis highlights the expanding role of the TyG index in metabolic and cardiovascular research. Key clusters such as percutaneous coronary intervention, obesity indicators, arterial stiffness, heart failure, new-onset hypertension, predicting outcomes, and subclinical coronary artery disease emphasize its wide applicability across diverse clinical settings. The keyword “risk” was the most frequently occurring term, underscoring the importance of the TyG index in cardiovascular risk assessment, alongside its growing use in prognostic applications. These findings reflect the increasing recognition of the TyG index as a pivotal biomarker in cardiovascular medicine and encourage further exploration of its clinical integration.
Reexpansion unilateral pulmonary edema after drainage of pneumothorax: case report
Authors: Alkouh Rajae , Essaad Ounci , Yazough Issam , Labib Smael 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and importance:
Re-expansion pulmonary edema (REPE) is a rare but potentially fatal complication that occurs after rapid re-expansion of a collapsed lung, particularly following pleural drainage. The exact pathophysiology remains poorly understood, but several interrelated mechanisms are involved, such as fluid overload and alteration of the alveolar-capillary barrier. The mortality rate varies between 5% and 20% according to the literature. Early recognition and effective treatment of this complication is essential to reduce the associated morbidity and mortality.

Case presentation:
A 22-year-old patient suffered a fall from the third floor. Imaging revealed several fractures, a subgaleal hematoma and a right pneumothorax. After surgery to stabilize the fractures, a worsening of the pneumothorax necessitated pleural drainage without aspiration. One hour after drainage, the patient developed respiratory distress and an X-ray showed unilateral pulmonary edema. Treatment with continuous positive airway pressure was initiated, resulting in rapid improvement and disappearance of radiological signs. The chest tube was removed and the patient was transferred to the trauma unit.

Clinical discussion:
REPE usually occurs after rapid re-expansion of the lung. The main risk factors include young age, prolonged lung collapse and excessive drainage. Treatment is preventive (slow drainage, without aspiration) and symptomatic (oxygen therapy, assisted ventilation if necessary).

Conclusion:
REPE is a little-known but potentially fatal complication of thoracic drainage. It is essential to understand the risk factors and adopt appropriate preventive measures. Early identification and prompt management are crucial to avoid a severe course. Despite advances in our understanding of EPR, further research is needed to better elucidate its mechanisms and optimize its management.
Unveiling documentation deficiencies: a clinical audit of histopathology request forms at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Tariq Muhammad Daoud , Hamza Hafiz Muhammad , Ahsan Areeba , Sarfraz Tariq , Malik Muhammad Muiz , Aneeqa Saba , Awan Ayaz Ahmed , Kunwar Digbijay , Iftikhar Haissan 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Accurate histopathology request forms are essential for effective diagnosis and treatment. This audit assessed the completeness of these forms at Fauji Foundation Hospital, aiming to identify and address documentation gaps.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 300 histopathology request forms from January to June 2024 was conducted. Forms were evaluated for completeness in patient details, hospital admission, biopsy information, and clinical notes. SPSS software was used for data analysis, and an educational intervention was implemented based on initial findings.

Results:
The audit revealed high compliance for patient profile details but low reporting of patient contact information (39.7%). While hospital admission and biopsy details were well-documented, clinical notes were incomplete in 27.3% of cases. Post-intervention improvements included better documentation of patient contact details and biopsy nature.

Conclusion:
The audit highlights the need for thorough and accurate histopathology request forms. Improved documentation practices, supported by ongoing education, are crucial for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and patient care.
Medullary carcinoma of the left colon in a 16-year-old male: an extremely rare case report from Syria
Authors: Raffoul Lutfallah , Mansour Majd , Hussain Ghina Majd , Mansour Abdallah N. , Mortada Soliman , Mortada Aiman , Alshehabi Zuheir 
Published: February 2025

Introduction and importance:
Medullary carcinoma (MC) is a rare type of colon carcinoma that accounts for less than 1% of colorectal neoplasms. Morphologically, MC resembles many colorectal cancer (CRC) subtypes, mainly Neuroendocrine Carcinoma (NEC) due to exhibiting neuroendocrine features. In consequence, MC is exceedingly challenging to detect; numerous immunohistochemistry tests are required in order to distinguish it from the other subtypes of CRC.

Case presentation:
We report a case of a 16-year-old male who presented with severe abdominal pain and symptoms of bowel obstruction. Computed tomography scan showed a mass in the descending colon. The patient underwent an emergency colectomy. The left part of the transverse colon, the descending colon, and part of the sigmoid were removed, along with the regional lymph nodes. Microscopic examination suggested NEC, whereas immunohistochemical staining confirmed the diagnosis of MC of the left colon. After surgery, a course of chemotherapy was administered.

Clinical discussion:
Medullary carcinoma usually presents in elderly Caucasian women, and is mainly observed in the right colon. Therefore, it is highly unusual to appear in a 16-year-old boy’s left colon. The diagnosis is based on microscopic and immunohistochemical tests. The optimal management of MC is surgery, combined with chemotherapy, and in some cases a full colectomy is needed.

Conclusion:
The purpose of this paper is to highlight the dilemma of diagnosing MC of the colon, as well as the successful management of MC through surgical intervention, and post-operative care.
Artificial intelligence in cardiovascular procedures: a bibliometric and visual analysis study
Authors: Gadhachanda Koushik Rao , Marsool Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa , Bozorgi Ali , Ameen Daniyal , Nayak Sandeep Samethadka , Nasrollahizadeh Amir , Alotaibi Abdulhadi , Farzaei Alireza , Keivanlou Mohammad-Hossein , Hassanipour Soheil , Amini-Salehi Ehsan , Jonnalagadda Anil Kumar 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into cardiovascular procedures has significantly advanced diagnostic accuracy, outcome prediction, and robotic-assisted surgeries. However, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of AI’s impact in this field is lacking. This study examines research trends, key contributors, and emerging themes in AI-driven cardiovascular interventions.

Methods:
We retrieved relevant publications from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed them using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Biblioshiny to map research trends and collaborations.

Results:
AI-related cardiovascular research has grown substantially from 1993 to 2024, with a sharp increase from 2020 to 2023, peaking at 93 publications in 2023. The USA (127 papers), China (79), and England (31) were the top contributors, with Harvard University leading institutional output (17 papers). Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine was the most prolific journal. Core research themes included “machine learning,” “mortality,” and “cardiac surgery,” with emerging trends in “association,” “implantation,” and “aortic stenosis,” underscoring AI’s expanding role in predictive modeling and surgical outcomes.

Conclusion:
AI demonstrates transformative potential in cardiovascular procedures, particularly in diagnostic imaging, predictive modeling, and patient management. This bibliometric analysis highlights the growing interest in AI applications and provides a framework for integrating AI into clinical workflows to enhance diagnostic accuracy, treatment strategies, and patient outcomes.
Effect of Reconstruction Kernel and Virtual Monoenergetic Imaging on Segmentation-Based Measurement of Coronary Plaque Volume With Photon-Counting CT
Authors: Skoog Susann , Good Elin , Henriksson Lilian , Sandstedt Mårten , Persson Anders , Tesselaar Erik 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
Coronary computed tomography angiography is the primary modality for noninvasive assessment of coronary artery disease. Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) offers superior spatial resolution and spectral imaging for detailed characterization of atherosclerotic plaques. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of virtual monoenergetic imaging (VMI) energy levels and reconstruction kernels on segmentation-based measurement of plaque volume in individuals with coronary atherosclerosis using PCCT.

Materials and Methods
Fifty study participants underwent coronary computed tomography angiography with ultra-high-resolution PCCT. Both polyenergetic, 120 kVp (T3D) images and spectral images at varying VMI energy levels were reconstructed using different kernels. Plaque volumes were measured using semiautomated attenuation-based segmentation, adjusting segmentation thresholds for each VMI energy level. In addition, absolute plaque volume measurements were conducted using a coronary phantom simulating different plaque types.

Results
Using a sharper kernel (Bv64 vs Bv48) significantly increased noncalcified plaque volume measurements (P < 0.005) in study participants, whereas a 0.2-mm slice thickness reduced calcified plaque volumes compared with 0.4 mm (P < 0.005). VMI energy level had no impact on measured volumes. Phantom measurements confirmed significant variability in measured volumes of calcified and noncalcified plaques depending on reconstruction method, as well as a minor effect of VMI level.

Conclusions
In PCCT, the reconstruction kernel predominantly affects noncalcified coronary plaque quantification, whereas slice thickness mainly impacts calcified plaque volumes. In study participants, measured plaque volumes were not affected by VMI energy level when energy-specific segmentation thresholds were used, although a minor effect of VMI was observed in the phantom model.
Low-volume Resuscitation with VS-101, a Next-Generation PEGylated HBOC, Improves Survival after Severe Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats
Authors: Nugent William H. , Vandegriff Kim D. , Malavalli Ashok , Sheppard Forest R. , Song Bjorn K. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
Over 30% of trauma-related deaths are from massive hemorrhage with 90% of potentially preventable battlefield deaths occurring pre-hospital. Immediate resuscitation with whole blood is ideal but often limited to hospital and medical treatment facilities. Shelf-stable hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) are designed to relieve the hypoperfusion and hypoxia of shock during the critical pre-hospital period. A new PEGylated human HBOC product, VS-101, with high oxygen affinity and hyperoncotic pressure, has been designed for hypovolemic resuscitation protocols at the point of injury. Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a severe, pressure-guided 45% total blood volume (TBV) hemorrhage. Shocked animals were randomly assigned to receive 20% TBV Lactated Ringers’ (LRS), Plasma, Blood, or VS-101. Cardiovascular parameters, arterial blood gases, 8-hr survival, arteriolar diameters, and oxygenation of the spinotrapezius microvasculature were measured. Even compared with whole blood, VS-101 was the only group with survivors (67%) at the end of the 8-hr observation period. Mean survival times were 49, 95, 197, and 426 min for LRS, Plasma, Blood, and VS-101 (p < 0.05 vs all), respectively. VS-101 produced the highest spinotrapezius interstitial oxygenation and recovery of MAP with no evidence of hypertension or arteriolar vasoconstriction. Hypovolemic resuscitation with VS-101 was effective in stabilizing hemorrhagic shock in a simulated pre-hospital setting, which was associated with its combination of high oncotic pressure and oxygen carrying constituent. The lack of arteriolar vasoconstriction and hypertension suggests VS-101 is poised to pass critical safety and efficacy checkpoints for treatment of severe hemorrhage.
UK foundation trainee perceptions of surgical skills in the foundation training programme – a national survey
Authors: Gnanalingham Sathyan , Gnanalingham Raman , Gnanalingham Kavitha , Limbachia Devan 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Surgical skills development among UK foundation trainees within the UK training programme may be underdeveloped. This study aimed to ascertain foundation trainee perceptions of surgical skills within the foundation training programme.

Methods:
An online cross-sectional survey was distributed to all 18 UK foundation training schools in 2021. This survey assessed foundation trainees’ surgical skills experience in medical school, current career intentions, confidence at basic surgical skills and perceptions of the level of surgical skills training within the foundation programme.

Findings:
Trainees felt that they did not have adequate exposure to surgical skills (4.5, Likert scale 1–10) and specialty specific skills within the foundation training programme (3.3, Likert scale 1–10). On average, 75% of participants believed further exposure to surgical skills training would be beneficial to their professional development. Furthermore, 67% believed that surgical skills should be incorporated into the core competencies for the foundation training programme.

Conclusion:
Our study shows that foundation trainees in UK feel that there is a lack of adequate exposure to surgical skills within the foundation programme. Foundation trainees feel change is required to help improve competency in basic surgical skills and as an extension increase interest in a surgical career.
Supplemental Lidocaine Patches Prior to Percutaneous Nerve Evaluation, a Randomized Trial
Authors: Rothenberger Rodger W. , Henry Taylen , Carbone Laurel , Gaskins Jeremy T. , Gupta Ankita , Francis Sean , Lenger Stacy M. 
Published: February 2025

Importance
Improving patient comfort during percutaneous nerve evaluation (PNE), a trial procedure for sacral neuromodulation, is essential.

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine whether the use of a lidocaine patch (LP) prior to PNE procedure improves the pain associated with PNE.

Study Design
This double-masked, randomized controlled trial compared a 4% LP to placebo patch (PP) immediately prior to PNE. Female patients ≥18 years of age were included if they were undergoing an office PNE, performed bilaterally and without fluoroscopy, for any indication. Either a lidocaine or placebo patch was placed over the sacrum 30 minutes prior to PNE. Additional local anesthesia with 2% lidocaine without epinephrine was administered per surgeon discretion. All patients received some volume of injectable lidocaine with their procedures. Secondary outcomes included volume of injectable lidocaine used, progression to a permanent implant, amplitude of perineal sensation, and patient satisfaction.

Results
Thirty-nine women were enrolled, with 20 receiving LP and 19 patients receiving PP. Lower 100-mm visual analog scale pain score was seen in the LP group (45 ± 17 with LP vs 61 ± 21 with PP, P = 0.018). This difference was statistically and clinically significantly different between groups. The total injectable lidocaine, patient satisfaction, and progression to permanent implant were similar between groups.

Conclusions
Patients experienced clinically and statistically significantly less pain at the time of PNE with a preprocedural LP when compared to placebo, despite similar use of local anesthetic. Satisfaction rates were high among all patients.
Expanding the Electroclinical Profile of CAPE
Authors: Nordli Douglas R. , Chang Joshua , Haider Hiba A. 
Published: February 2025

Summary:
This case report presents two illustrative cases of cyclic alternating pattern of encephalopathy, showcasing its distinct quantitative EEG signature alongside observed correlations with cardiorespiratory fluctuations. Recognizing cyclic alternating pattern encephalopathy patterns may provide clinicians with an actionable marker, guiding timely interventions and potentially improving outcomes in critically ill patients.
Comparison of Radiofrequency Identification, Radioactive Seed, and Wire Localization Techniques for Non-Palpable Breast Cancer
Authors: Stephens Kyle R , Patel Lexina , Malik Danial A , Wilson Megan , Gaskins Jeremy T , McMasters Kelly M , Ajkay Nicolás 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Several localization techniques have been described for accurate resection of non-palpable breast cancers (NPBC) during breast conserving surgery. This study compares surgical outcomes of three different techniques.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed between 2015-2022 of patients undergoing lumpectomy with radiofrequency identification (RFID), radioactive seed (RSL), or wire localization (WL). Demographic and tumor characteristics were evaluated. Primary outcomes were pathological margin status and reoperation rates. Secondary outcomes were ductal carcinoma-in-situ (DCIS) close margin (<2mm), lumpectomy specimen volume (LSV), device to specimen edge distance (DSED) measured radiographically, procedure time, and intraoperative selective shave margins (ISSM) use. Univariate and multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses were conducted where appropriate.

Results:
A total of 777 patients were identified: 239 RFID, 347 RSL, 191 WL. Demographic and tumor characteristics were similar between groups. There were no statistically significant differences in positive margins and reoperation rates. RFID had the largest LSV and DSED. ISSM rates were half as frequent for RSL than RFID and WL. Procedure time was longer for WL. DCIS close margin was more common with RFID. On multivariate analysis, RFID was independently associated with increased DSED, decreased procedure time, and increased rate of DCIS close margin relative to WL. RSL also was independently associated with lower rates of ISSM, decreased LSV, and decreased procedure time compared to WL (all p<0.001).

Conclusions:
Comparison of localization techniques revealed no differences in primary outcomes. However, there were significant differences in secondary outcomes that can influence patient and surgeon satisfaction.
Risk of depression and dementia among individuals treated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists
Authors: Almeida Osvaldo P. 
Published: February 2025

Purpose of the review
To review whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists decrease the risk of depression, suicidal ideation and cognitive impairment in later life.

Recent findings
The results of studies using information derived from large registries and administrative health datasets suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonists (RAs) increase the risk of suicidality, although findings have been inconsistent. One nested-case control study reported that SGLT2i decreases the risk of depression among adults with diabetes, and findings from a small trial of the SGLT2i empagliflozin provided supportive evidence. Several observational studies reported that SGLT2i and GLP-1 RAs decrease dementia risk, with a target trial finding greater cognitive benefit associated with the use of GLP-1 RAs compared with other medicines commonly used to manage diabetes.

Summary
Recent results from large observational studies suggest that SGLT2i and GLP-1 RA may decrease the risk of cognitive impairment in later life. The effects of these medicines on mood have not been as well explored, but there are concerns about the potential increased risk of suicidality among GLP-1 RA users. Prescription bias could explain some of these associations, so that robust trial evidence is now needed to confirm or dismiss the reported findings.