bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Response of the root anatomical structure of Carex moorcroftii to habitat drought in the Western Sichuan Plateau of China
Authors: Yang Jia-Ying , Wang Hong-Bin , Zhang Da-Cai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Main conclusion
The anatomical structures of Carex moorcroftii roots showing stronger plasticity during drought had a lower coefficient of variation in cell size in the same habitats, while those showing weaker plasticity had a higher coefficient of variation. The complementary relationship between these factors comprises the adaptation mechanism of the C. moorcroftii root to drought.

Abstract
To explore the effects of habitat drought on root anatomy of hygrophytic plants, this study focused on roots of C. moorcroftii. Five sample plots were set up along a soil moisture gradient in the Western Sichuan Plateau to collect experimental materials. Paraffin sectioning was used to obtain root anatomy, and one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, linear regression analysis, and RDA ranking were applied to analyze the relationship between root anatomy and soil water content. The results showed that the root transverse section area, thickness of epidermal cells, exodermis and Casparian strips, and area of aerenchyma were significantly and positively correlated with soil moisture content (P < 0.01). The diameter of the vascular cylinder and the number and total area of vessels were significantly and negatively correlated with the soil moisture content (P < 0.01). The plasticity of the anatomical structures was strong for the diameter and area of the vascular cylinder and thickness of the Casparian strip and epidermis, while it was weak for vessel diameter and area. In addition, there was an asymmetrical relationship between the functional adaptation of root anatomical structure in different soil moisture and the variation degree of root anatomical structure in the same soil moisture. Therefore, the roots of C. moorcroftii can shorten the water transport distance from the epidermis to the vascular cylinder, increase the area of the vascular cylinder and the number of vessels, and establish a complementary relationship between the functional adaptation of root anatomical structure in different habitats and the variation degree of root anatomical structure in the same habitat to adapt to habitat drought. This study provides a scientific basis for understanding the response of plateau wetland plants to habitat changes and their ecological adaptation strategies. More scientific experimental methods should be adopted to further study the mutual coordination mechanisms of different anatomical structures during root adaptation to habitat drought for hygrophytic plants.
A novel multiagent system for cervical motor control evaluation and individualized therapy: integrating gamification and portable solutions
Authors: Sales Mendes André Filipe , Sánchez San Blas Héctor , Pérez Robledo Fátima , De Paz Santana Juan F. , Villarrubia González Gabriel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe study focused on designing a portable, objective device for assessing and addressing Cervical Motor Control (CMC) impairments. This device is based on a proposed architecture that employs advanced technology to evaluate and enhance patients’ CMC. During a pilot study with 10 participants, the device’s feasibility and usability were verified, including an initial assessment using the Head Relocation Test and a 12-session intervention over 4 weeks. The architecture of the proposed system is responsible for gathering pertinent data concerning patients’ cervical motor control. It employs advanced algorithms to process this data and objectively assess CMC function. Furthermore, the system tailors the therapy to each patient’s individual needs. Preliminary results indicate that the device and the proposed architecture positively impact assessment test performance accuracy. While additional validation tests are required to confirm their effectiveness, this device emerges as a promising and valuable alternative for assessing and treating patients with CMC impairments. Its focus on advanced technology and personalized adaptation aligns with previous research in telerehabilitation and classroom physical activity promotion.
Do the management and functional outcomes of the surgically treated spinal fractures change in suicidal jumpers?
Authors: Çakmur Başar Burak , Duramaz Altuğ , Çakmur Kadriye Nur , Duramaz Altan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of trauma etiology on the management, functional outcomes and psychiatric characteristics of suicide jumpers and patients who accidentally fall from height.

Methods
89 patients (48 accidental falls and 41 suicidal jumpers) who had undergone spinal surgery were included in the study. The patients were evaluated clinically and radiologically. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were performed for functional evaluation. BECK hopelessness scale (BHS), BECK depression inventory (BDI), and SF-36 scales were used for the psychiatric evaluation. All outcomes were compared between suicidal jumpers and accidental falls.

Results
The RMDQ and ODI questionnaires stated a higher disability in the suicide jump group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.029, respectively). However, the VAS and MPQ questionnaires did not differ in significance between groups (p = 0.182 and p = 0.306, respectively). The SF-36 scale showed that physical function, role emotional, vitality and mental health subdomains were worse in the suicide jump group (p = 0.001, p = 0.029, p = 0.014 and p = 0.030, respectively). BDI scores were significantly higher in the suicide jump group while no difference was observed between the groups in terms of BSH (p = 0.017 and p = 0.940, respectively).

Conclusion
Psychiatric disorders are more common in patients in the suicidal jumpers. The presence of underlying psychiatric problems adversely affects the postoperative functional outcomes of patients with surgically treated spinal fractures. A multidisciplinary approach together with raising awareness in this way can improve the clinical outcomes after orthopedic treatment, even if there is physical disability.
Elimination of E. faecalis with NaOCl versus chlorhexidine gluconate from primary molar root canal systems: an ex vivo model study
Authors: Aviv Shmueli , Alin Yaya , Neta Lam , Yael Haim , Lada Zamsky , Avia Fux Noy , Diana Ram , Moti Moskovitz , David Polak 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This ex vivo human study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of NaOCl and chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) irrigations in eliminating Enterococcus faecalis from the RCS of primary molars.

Materials and methods
Disinfected extracted primary molars were inoculated with E. faecalis for 24 h. Then, the RCS samples were then irrigated with either 2.5% NaOCl, 0.2% and 2% CHG, or sham saline. The samples were collected immediately after irrigation; and 24 h later, the bacterial viability and counts were measured using blood agar and qRT-PCR, respectively. Histological sections were used to measure E. faecalis penetration and viability in dentin tubules using fluorescence microscopy.

Results
The recovery of viable E. faecalis after the irrigation of the primary molars showed more significant bactericidal effects of NaOCl and 0.2% and 2% CHG than of saline. Immediately after the irrigation, the NaOCl group showed the greatest reduction in E. faecalis; and 24 h later, all the groups had lower viable E. faecalis than the saline control. The bacterial penetration was also lowest in the NaOCl group, although there was no difference in bacterial viability in the tubules between the groups.

Conclusion
In primary teeth, NaOCl and CHG showed similar degrees of bacterial elimination efficacy in terms of E.faecalis.

Clinical relevance
Within the limitations of this study, NaOCl and CHG have the similar ability to perform endodontic irrigation of primary ex vivo teeth regarding the elimination of E.faecalis, but NaOCl penetrates dentin tubules better.
Prevalence and implications of bilateral and solely contralateral lymph node metastases in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Struckmeier Ann-Kristin , Buchbender Mayte , Agaimy Abbas , Kesting Marco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Effective management of neck in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is pivotal for oncological outcomes. Although consensus exists for ipsilateral neck dissection (ND), the necessity for contralateral ND remains controversial. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and implications of bilateral/solely contralateral (B/SC) lymph node metastases (LNMs) to determine the need for contralateral elective ND. Additionally, it examined the prevalence and implications of occult B/SC metastases.

Materials and methods
In a retrospective cohort study, 420 OSCC patients underwent primary surgical treatment following German guidelines at a tertiary center. Preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography was conducted, and ND adhered to a standardized approach.

Results
Solely contralateral metastases occurred in 0.95% of patients, with bilateral metastases observed in 7.13%. Occult B/SC metastases occurred in 3.81% of the cases. Correlation analysis revealed a statistically significant association between B/SC metastases and higher tumor stages, tumor localization at the upper jaw or floor of the mouth, proximity to the midline, ipsilateral LNMs, and lymphatic invasion (all p < 0.05). Patients with B/SC metastases showed poorer disease-free survival, with statistical significance reached in the bilateral LNMs group (p = 0.010). Similarly, a significant difference was noted in overall survival between patients with bilateral and solely ipsilateral metastases (p = 0.044).

Conclusions
B/SC LNMs are rare in patients with OSCC, especially in those who present with clinico-radiologically negative ipsilateral necks. Higher rates of B/SC metastases occur in case of advanced tumors and those localized at the upper jaw or floor of the mouth. Ipsilateral LNMs significantly elevate the risk of contralateral LNMs, tripling the associated risk.

Clinical relevance
These findings provide valuable insights for surgeons considering contralateral ND or extended adjuvant treatment for OSCC patients. However, the absence of high-level evidence from randomized controlled trials impedes the establishment of a definitive standard of care.
Oral mucosa - an examination map for confocal laser endomicroscopy within the oral cavity: an experimental clinical study
Authors: Oetter Nicolai , Pröll Jonas , Sievert Matti , Goncalves Miguel , Rohde Maximilian , Nobis Christopher-Philipp , Knipfer Christian , Aubreville Marc , Pan Zhaoya , Breininger Katharina , Maier Andreas , Kesting Marco , Stelzle Florian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) is an optical method that enables microscopic visualization of oral mucosa. Previous studies have shown that it is possible to differentiate between physiological and malignant oral mucosa. However, differences in mucosal architecture were not taken into account. The objective was to map the different oral mucosal morphologies and to establish a “CLE map” of physiological mucosa as baseline for further application of this powerful technology.

Materials and methods
The CLE database consisted of 27 patients. The following spots were examined: (1) upper lip (intraoral) (2) alveolar ridge (3) lateral tongue (4) floor of the mouth (5) hard palate (6) intercalary line. All sequences were examined by two CLE experts for morphological differences and video quality.

Results
Analysis revealed clear differences in image quality and possibility of depicting tissue morphologies between the various localizations of oral mucosa: imaging of the alveolar ridge and hard palate showed visually most discriminative tissue morphology. Labial mucosa was also visualized well using CLE. Here, typical morphological features such as uniform cells with regular intercellular gaps and vessels could be clearly depicted. Image generation and evaluation was particularly difficult in the area of the buccal mucosa, the lateral tongue and the floor of the mouth.

Conclusion
A physiological “CLE map” for the entire oral cavity could be created for the first time.

Clinical relevance
This will make it possible to take into account the existing physiological morphological features when differentiating between normal mucosa and oral squamous cell carcinoma in future work.
Emergency department imaging utilization post-transcatheter aortic valve replacement: single institution 7-year experience
Authors: Chau Eva , Mew Andy , Bera Kaustav , Jiang Sirui , Ramaiya Nikhil , Gilkeson Robert 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to highlight presentations, acute findings and imaging phenotypes of patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) within 30 days of a transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods
A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with aortic valve disease who underwent a TAVR between Jan 2015 and Nov 2021 at a large academic medical center was completed. From an initial 1271 patients, 146 were included based on their presentation to the ED within 30 days post-TAVR procedure. Patient data, including ED presentation details and imaging results, were recorded and de-identified.

Results
Of the 146 post-TAVR patients, there were 168 ED visits within 30 days. The median time to ED after TAVR was 12 days. Respiratory symptoms were the most common complaint (27%). Neurological (23%) and cardiovascular symptoms (18%) followed. Cross-sectional imaging was conducted 250 times across visits, with an average of 1.7 scans per patient. CTs were most frequently used, followed by ultrasounds, especially echocardiograms and duplex extremity vasculature ultrasounds. 30.1% of patients had acute findings from imaging. Specific findings included heart failure (5.5%), access site complications (5.5%), pneumonia (5.5%), intracranial pathologies (3.4% for strokes and 0.7% for hematoma), and pleural effusion (3.4%). Echocardiograms and CTA chest were most associated with significant acute findings.

Conclusion
Our study highlights the vital role of early and accurate imaging in post-TAVR patients within 30 days post-procedure. As transcatheter approaches rise in popularity, emergency radiologists become instrumental in diagnosing common post-procedural presentations. Continued research is essential to devise post-discharge strategies to curtail readmissions and related costs. Proper imaging ensures prompt, effective care, enhancing overall patient outcomes.
Trends in severe functional limitations among working and non-working adults in Germany: Towards an (un)-healthy working life?
Authors: Beller Johannes , Sperlich Stefanie , Epping Jelena , Tetzlaff Juliane 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe examined trends in severe functional limitations among working and non-working adults in Germany (ages 40–65). Four population-based samples of 11,615 participants were used, spanning the time periods 2002–2021. The overall prevalence of severe limitations was found to be 12.8% in the sample, but also varied from 10 to 20% according to occupational group. Over time, severe limitations were found to have increased, from 10.6% in 2002 to 13.2% in 2021. Logistic regression analysis showed that severe limitations increased significantly in certain subgroups, including working women with a low skilled white collar occupational group, working men with a low skilled blue collar occupational group and, particularly, among the whole non-working population, whereas limitations remained largely the same in the other groups, including most of the working population. In terms of expectancies, overall working life expectancy increased. Along with this increase, healthy (non-severely limited) working life expectancy increased, but this trend was accompanied by a clear increase in unhealthy working life expectancy (severely limited). Thus, although severe limitations have increased in some groups in the working-age adults, people today can expect to work more years free from severe limitations than before. In the future, potentials to increase working life expectancy may come to an end, as severe limitations increased strongly in the non-working population, which could limit the prospects for a further increase in the proportion of the population in employment. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential impact of the increasing prevalence of severe limitations on the population’s ability to work.
SEEIIST – a new research facility for tumor treatment and biomedical investigations with proton and ion beams
Authors: Litov Leandar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
A project for the establishment of an international intergovernmental scientific organization in the region of South East Europe (South East European Institute for Sustainable Technologies - SEEIIST) is currently in progress. SEEIIST is an intergovernmental effort supported by nine countries from the region (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo (This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSC 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo Declaration of Independence.), Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Slovenia, while Switzerland is an observer). The main goals of the project are to establish a unique research infrastructure and to form a research nucleus in the region of South-East Europe, to boost the technology transfer from European laboratories like CERN and others, to promote collaboration between science, technology, and industry, to mitigate tensions between countries in the region, and to provide platforms for the development of education.

Methods
The research infrastructure will include a powerful next-generation accelerator that will provide proton and ion beams for tumor treatment and biomedical research. The center will comprise of three rooms for patient treatment and two large experimental halls.

Results
A wide pre-clinical and clinical research program in the fields of radiobiology, medical physics, medical imaging, biophysical modeling and planning of patient treatment, design and investigation of new materials, production of isotopes for diagnosis, and treatment of patients are envisaged.

Conclusions
This infrastructure is unique for Europe and will attract researchers from all European countries to perform their investigations.
Convex bodies associated to linear series of adelic divisors on quasi-projective varieties
Authors: Biswas Debam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this article we define and study convex bodies associated to linear series of adelic divisors over quasi-projective varieties that have been introduced recently by Yuan and Zhang. Restricting our attention to big adelic divisors, we deduce properties of volumes obtained by Yuan and Zhang using different convex geometric arguments. We go on to define augmented base loci and restricted volumes of adelic divisors following the works of Michael Nakamaye and develop a similar study using convex bodies to obtain analogous properties for restricted volumes. We closely follow methods developed originally by Lazarsfeld and Mustaţă
Fresh, Setting, and Hardened Properties of Fly Ash Concrete with Nano-Silica
Authors: Baran Servan , Baran Ahmet , Bicakci Sidar Nihat , Turkmenoglu Hasan Nuri , Atahan Hakan Nuri 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Nano-silica (NS) may counteract the drawbacks of fly ash (FA), such as delayed setting and low early strength, by accelerating hydration and providing higher early strength in concrete. In this study, concrete mixtures having 4 different FA replacement ratios (0%, 20%, 35%, and 50% by vol.) and 3 different NS dosages (0%, 1.7%, and 3.4% by vol.) were prepared. Effect of NS on the rheology, setting times and temperature evolution during the setting period, microstructure, compressive strength, and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of concrete at constant slump (20 ± 1 cm) were investigated. Plasticizers influenced the rheological and setting properties of concrete designed at constant consistency. In terms of these properties, although there have been cases where the use of NS has shown controversy results compared to the common knowledge in literature, this situation has been associated with the demand for the plasticizers consumed to obtain constant slump. In general, NS accelerated the setting times of concrete, however, it could not completely tolerate the delay caused by FA. According to 7-day mechanical test results, using 3.4% NS almost fully recovered the 20% strength loss caused by 20% FA replacement. Even if compressive strength close to NS-free REF mixture could not be achieved with high volume FA replacement (50%), at 7 days, MOE results, comparable to NS-free REF concrete, could be achieved using 3.4% NS. At later ages, although the compressive strength varied over a wide range, i.e., from 30 to 75 MPa, MOE of FA concrete have become almost independent of the strength.
Commentary on: physical activity and exercise for mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a collaborative international guideline
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Soysal Pinar , Barbagallo Mario , Shenkin Susan D. , Quinn Terence J 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPhysical inactivity is an important, but potentially reversible risk factor for dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There is literature about physical activity and exercise for the prevention and management of dementia and MCI, but this had not been previously synthesized into specific guidelines about this topic. A recent guideline on physical activity and exercise in MCI and dementia was published, authored by several international societies, including lay representatives. In this commentary, we discuss the implications of this guidance for healthcare professionals, caregivers, and lay representatives involved in the care of people with MCI and dementia.The guidelines highlight the importance of physical activity and exercise in cognitively healthy persons and for dementia and MCI, at different stages of these conditions. For primary prevention of dementia, physical activity may be suggested in cognitively healthy persons. In people with MCI, mind-body interventions, such as yoga, have the greatest evidence, whilst the role of physical activity and exercise requires more evidence from high-quality randomized controlled trials. In people living with moderately severe dementia, exercise may be useful for maintaining physical and cognitive function. There are benefits of physical activity and exercise separate from their impact on cognitive outcomes. The guidelines also proposed some questions for future research. In conclusion, there is limited evidence on the beneficial role of physical activity and exercise in preserving cognitive functions in subjects with normal cognition, MCI or dementia. The guidelines support the promotion of physical activity based on the beneficial effects on almost all facets of health.
Persistent homology based Bottleneck distance in hypergraph products
Authors: Babu Archana , John Sunil Jacob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we extended the technique of measuring similarity between topological spaces using bottle neck distance between persistence diagrams to hypergraph networks. Finding a relationship between the bottleneck distance of the Cartesian product of topological spaces and the bottleneck distance of individual spaces, we are trying to ease the comparative study of the Cartesian product of topological spaces. The Cartesian product and the strong product of weighted hypergraphs are defined, and the relationship between the bottleneck distance between hypergraph products and the bottleneck distance between individual hypergraphs is determined. For this, clique complex filtration and the Vietoris–Rips filtration in unweighted and weighted hypergraphs are defined and used.