bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An audit of the adequacy of acute wound care documentation of surgical inpatients
Authors: Gartlan Jan , Smith Anne , Clennett Sue , Walshe Denise , Tomlinson‐Smith Ann , Boas Lory , Robinson Andrew 
Published: September 2010

Aims and objectives.  This study examined the degree to which acute wound care documentation by doctors and nurses meets the standards set in the Australian Wound Management Association guidelines, focusing on clinical history with regard to the wound, wound characteristics, evidence of a management plan and factors such as wound pain.Background.  Wound care documentation is an important component of ‘best practice’ wound management. Evidence suggests that wound documentation by hospital staff is often ad hoc and incomplete.Design.  Survey.Method.  An audit of acute wound care documentation of inpatients admitted to a surgical ward was conducted in 2006 using the progress notes of 49 acute inpatients in a regional Australian hospital. The audit focused on wound documentation on admission and during dressing changes.Results.  The findings demonstrated that, whereas doctors and nurses documented different aspects of the wound on admission, three quarters of patients had no documentation of wound margins and over half had no documentation of wound dimensions, exudate and wound bed. Whereas 122 dressing changes were documented by nurses and 103 by doctors, only 75 (60%) were reviewed by both medical and nursing staff. Doctors and nurses tended to document different aspects of dressing changes; however, in more than half the cases, there was no documentation about wound bed, margins, exudate and state of surrounding skin, whereas wound dimensions and skin sensation were recorded in less than 5%.Conclusion.  Wound care documentation by doctors and nurses does not meet the Australian standard. The findings suggest there is ineffective communication about wound care in the multidisciplinary setting of the hospital.Relevance to clinical practice.  The article concludes that hospitals need to engage medical and nursing staff in collaborative processes to identify the issues that underpin poor wound documentation and to implement interventions to ensure best practice is achieved.
Understanding culture and culture management in the English NHS: a comparison of professional and patient perspectives
Authors: Konteh Frederick H. , Mannion Russell , Davies Huw T. O. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRationale and objectives  The growing interest in patient‐focused health care in the National Health System (NHS), especially in the wake of high‐profile failures in clinical practice, has underlined the need to involve patients in the design and evaluation of organizational change management programmes at the local level. This includes an evaluation of the relevance of culture and how culture might be assessed and managed in the delivery of high‐quality and safe care. The purpose of this study is to compare and contrast the perspectives of health care professionals and patient representatives on purposeful attempts to manage culture change in the English NHS.Methods  We used the mixed approach, but with more quantitative than qualitative data. A postal questionnaire survey of clinical governance leads and patient representatives from 276 NHS trusts was followed up with a focus group discussion of eight of the survey participants and semi‐structured interviews with 18, including health care professionals and patient representatives from various organizations. We used spss to analyse the survey data and Atlas.ti to analyse the qualitative data.Results and conclusions  Both clinical governance leads and patient representatives considered culture management and change to be integral to quality and safety improvement efforts. However, clinical governance leads were more positive than patient representatives about anticipated results from ongoing efforts to manage culture change at the local level. Further, in spite of general agreement on various attributes for culture assessment efforts, there was a striking difference in the level of importance respondents attached to blame free (more important to clinical governance managers) and customization (more important to patient representatives).
Dose–response relationship between physiotherapy resource provision with function and balance improvements in patients following stroke: a multi‐centre observational study
Authors: Haines Terry P. , Kuys Suzanne , Clarke Jane , Morrison Greg , Bew Paul 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRationale, aims and objectives  Inpatient rehabilitation of patients following stroke can be resource intensive, with optimal models of service delivery unclear. This study investigates the dose–response curves between physiotherapy service delivery variables and balance and function clinical outcomes.Method  This was a multi‐centre (15 sites), prospective, cohort study involving patients (n = 288) admitted for rehabilitation following stroke conducted across two states in Australia. Physiotherapy department resource provision variables were collected and examined for association with change in patient function and balance outcomes (Functional Independence Measure, step test, functional reach test) measured at admission and discharge from inpatient care.Results  A greater amount of log‐transformed physiotherapy department resource provision was associated with greater improvement in the functional independence measure [Regression coefficient (95% CI): 4.05 (1.15, 6.95)] and functional reach test [46.43 (17.03, 75.84)], while physiotherapist time provided to patients was associated with greater improvement for the step test [0.15 (0.03, 0.28)], and functional reach [0.35 (0.19, 0.52)].Conclusion  Receiving a higher rate of physiotherapist input is an important factor in attaining a greater amount of recovery in function and balance outcomes; however, the improvement by patients who received the greatest amount of input was highly variable.
Histological changes in the external ear canal of dogs with otitis externa
Authors: Huang Hui‐Pi , Little Christopher J. L. , McNeil Pauline E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study aimed to better characterise the gross anatomy of the normal ear canal, and to compare histological features of the normal ear canal to those affected by chronic otitis externa. In 40 normal ears from 20 dogs, the length of the annular and auricular cartilage was 1.2 ± 0.2 and 4.1 ± 0.9 cm, respectively; overall length of the external ear canal was 5.3 ± 1.0 cm. The maximal internal diameter at the distal end of the external ear canal, the proximal opening of the auricular cartilage and the proximal end of the annular cartilage was 5.8 ± 1.5, 0.7 ± 0.2 and 0.5 ± 0.1 cm, respectively. Body weight correlated positively with the overall length and diameter of the distal end of the ear canal (r = 0.78,P < 0.001;r = 0.42,P < 0.05). Morphometric evaluation was carried in 28 clinically healthy ears of 14 dogs, and 15 otitic ears of 13 dogs. Histological features of this integument revealed that the density and distribution of sebaceous and ceruminous gland tissue exhibits marked variation between individuals. Nevertheless, general patterns were observed; sebaceous tissue increases gradually from the proximal to the distal parts of the ear canal, whilst ceruminous gland tissue by contrast decreases. In otitic canine ears, the distribution of sebaceous and ceruminous glandular tissue was similar to normal ears but the glands became larger and hyperplastic (P < 0.05). Density of hair follicles was not different between healthy and otitic ears (P = 0.16), but the hair follicles became hyperplastic in otitic ears.
White pines,Ribes, and blister rust: integration and action
Authors: Hunt R. S. , Geils B. W. , Hummer K. E. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryThe preceding articles in this series review the history, biology and management of white pine blister rust in North America, Europe and eastern Asia. In this integration, we connect and discuss seven recurring themes important for understanding and managing epidemics ofCronartium ribicolain the white pines (five‐needle pines in subgenusStrobus). Information and action priorities for research and management of the pathogen, telial and aecial hosts, and their interactions are listed in a detailed Appendix. Syntheses focused on genetics, plant disease, invasive species or forest management have provided alternative but knowledgeable lessons on the white pine blister rust pathosystem. Two critical issues for the conservation of white pines are to sustain ecosystems affected by blister rust and to maintain genetic diversity for adaptive traits such as disease resistance. Forest genetics includes tree improvement and molecular techniques for research; their application can increase rust resistance by artificial and natural selection. Silviculture augments genetics with methods to deploy and enhance resistance as well as to regenerate and tend white pine stands. Although cultivated or wildRibesmight serve as inoculum sources, silviculture and horticulture can reduce the risk of serious impacts from blister rust using genetics for breeding and epidemiology for hazard assessment and disease control. Climate change threatens to cause major alterations in temperature and precipitation regimes, resulting in maladapted conifers succumbing to various diseases and insect outbreaks. In contrast, many white pine species have broad ecological ranges and are tolerant of harsh environments—traits that permit successful establishment and growth over wide geographic and altitudinal zones. Given appropriate management, white pines could thrive as valuable commercial and ecologically important keystone species. In an uncertain environment, adaptive management provides a learning and participatory approach for sustaining resilient ecosystems.
Die Gallenfarbstoffe im Harn der Haustiere
Authors: Berger H.‐J. 
Published: September 2010

Zusammenfassung

Im Harn der Herbivoren (Pferd, Rind) ist wie beim Menschen (Baumgärtel) und beim Hund (Sattler) unter physiologischen Verhältnissen nur Stercobilin und nicht Urobilin nachzuweisen.
Bei kranken Hunden treten neben der physiologischen Stercobilinogenurie auch eine Bilirubinurie und eine Urobilinogenurie auf. Die Ursachen für die beim kranken Hund oft zu beobachtende Bilirubinurie müssen noch durch weitere Untersuchungen geklärt werden.

SummaryBile pigments in the urine in domestic animals

In the urine of herbivora (horse, ox), as in man (Baumgärtel) and dog (Sattler), only stercobilin is present under normal conditions. Urobilin is absent.
In sick dogs, in addition to a stercobilinogenuria, there is also bilirubin and urobilinogen in the urine. The causes of the bilirubinuria which is so common in sick dogs require further study.

RésuméLes pigments biliaires dans l'urine des animaux domestiques

Dans l'urine des herbivores (cheval, boeuf), on ne peut déceler dans des conditions physiologiques que de la stercobiline chez l'homme (Baumgärtel) et chez le chien (Sattler) et jamais d'urobiline.
Chez les chiens malades on observe outre une stercobilinogènurie physiologique une bilirubinurie et une urobilinogénurie. Les causes produisant chez le chien malade une bilirubinurie souvent constatée devront encore faire l'objet d'études ultérieures.

ResumenLos pigmentos biliares en la orina de los animales domésticos

En la orina de los herbívoros (caballo y vaca) sólo se identifica estercobilinal y nourobilina, al igual que sucede en el hombre (Baumgärtel) y en el perro (Sattler).
En los perros enfermos, al lado de la estercobilina fisiológica, también aparece una bilirrubinuria y una urobilinogenuria. Las causas de la bilirrubinuria que frecuentemente se observa en el perro enfermo deben aclararse mediante nuevas investigaciones.
Nocardiosis in the dog in the Sudan
Authors: Awad F. I. 
Published: September 2010

Summary1. Two cases of canine nocardiosis are described.2.N. asteroideswas isolated from both cases.3. The morphological, cultural and pathogenic characteristics as well as the antibiotic sensitivity of the organism are given.4. Since 1942, 7 cases of canine nocardiosis have seen reported from Sudan.ZusammenfassungNarcodiose beim Hund im Sudan1. Es werden 2 Fälle von Norcardiose beim Hund im Sudan beschrieben.2. In beiden Fällen wurde N. asteroides isoliert.3. Die morphologischen, kulturellen und pathogenen Besonderheiten sowie die antibiotische Empfindlichkeit der Keime werden angegeben.4. Seit 1942 wurden aus dem Sudan über 7 Fälle von Nocardiose beim Hund berichtet.RésuméLa nocardiose chez le chien au Soudan1. L'auteur décrit deux cas de nocardiose chez le chien au Soudan.2. Dans les 2 cas on isola N. asteroides.3. L'auteur précise les particularités morphologiques, bactériologiques et pathogènes des germes ainsi que leur sensibilité aux antibiotiques.4. Depuis 1942 on a signalé au Soudan 7 cas de nocardiose chez le chien.ResumenNocardiosis canina en el Sudán1. Se describen 2 casos de nocardiosis del perro en el Sudán.2. En ambos casos se aisló N. asteroides.3. Indícanse las características morfológicas, culturales y patógenas, así como la sensibilidad antibiótica de los gérmenes.4. Desde 1942, desde el Sudán se informó sobre 7 casos de nocardiosis en el perro.
Selected Ovarian Ultrasonographic Characteristics During Vernal Transition are Useful to Estimate Time of First Ovulation of the Year
Authors: Atayde LM , Rocha A 
Published: September 2010

ContentsIt is important to get mares pregnant as early as possible after vernal transition and thus, identification signs of impending 1st ovulation of the year are warranted. To identify clinical indicators of an approaching first ovulation of the year, mares were teased with a stallion for oestrous detection starting January 3 and subjected to ultrasonographic examination. Day of first appearance of uterus oedema, follicular wall invagination, intrafollicular echogenicity, double contour of the follicle wall, increase in granulosa thickness, follicular wall hyperechogenicity and appearance of pear‐shaped follicles was registered, as well as follicle diameter and number. Seventy per cent of the mares had anovulatory oestrous periods of 4.6 ± 3.6 days, with an interoestroual interval of 12.5 ± 12.2 days. Number of anovulatory oestruses per mare was 2.4 ± 2.3. Uterine oedema occurred in 77% of the mares, 32.4 ± 25.6 days before ovulation. Invagination of the follicular wall appeared in 44.4% of the animals, 24.5 ± 18.4 days before ovulation. Intrafollicular echogenicity was seen in all mares and double contour of the follicle was seen in 77% of the animals. Both last two characteristics appeared 1–72 days before ovulation. Increased thickness of the granulosa occurred in 66% of the mares, 1–19 days before ovulation. Pear‐shaped follicles and follicular wall hyperechogenicity were detected 3 or less days before the first ovulation, in 44.4% and 55.5% of mares, respectively. Mean number of follicles >15 mm decreased at least 16 days before ovulation. We concluded that no isolated characteristic was a reliable indicator. However, increase in granulosa thickness, formation of a pear‐shaped follicle and follicular wall hyperechogenicity, associated with the reduction of the number of follicles >15 mm in diameter to <3, resulted in the first ovulation of the year in 44–67% of the transitional mares, 1–19 days after the characteristics appeared.
Expression of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF‐A) and its Receptors in the Umbilical Cord in the Course of Pregnancy in the Pig
Authors: Chruściel M , Zięcik AJ , Andronowska A 
Published: September 2010

ContentsThe umbilical cord (UC) and the placenta are important organs through which respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes and biologically active substances are exchanged between the maternal and the foetal system. A rapid placental vascularization observed in the second half of pig pregnancy is positively correlated with the mRNA expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Based on these findings, we hypothesized that VEGF may have a stimulatory effect in the dynamically growing UC. To further understand the role of the VEGF–VEGFR system during UC development, mRNA and protein expression as well as the cellular localization of VEGF‐A, VEGFR‐1 and VEGFR‐2 in UC were examined on days 40, 60, 75 and 90 of pregnancy and after physiological delivery in the pig (day 114 of pregnancy). Real Time RT‐PCR analysis showed an increase in the mRNA levels of VEGF120 and VEGF164 from day 90 of pregnancy. VEGFR‐1 mRNA expression was significantly increased on day 75 of pregnancy. No significant changes in VEGFR‐2 mRNA expression were detected. In turn, western blot analysis revealed an increase in VEGF‐A protein expression on day 40, compared to the later days of pregnancy. A rapid increase in the VEGFR‐1 protein level was noted on day 75 and 90 of gestation. No significant changes in VEGFR‐2 protein expression were detected on any of the analysed days of pregnancy. Immunohistochemical staining enabled detection of VEGF–VEGFR system, in endothelial and tunica media cells of the umbilical vessels and in allantoic duct and amniotic epithelium on all analysed days of pregnancy. Positive reactions for VEGF‐A and VEGFR‐1, but not VEGFR‐2, were also observed in myofibroblasts. In conclusion, this data shows that members of the VEGF–VEGFR system are temporally and spatially well localized for playing key roles during umbilical cord formation and its intensive growth observed after day 75 of pregnancy.
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, in patients with end‐stage kidney disease on dialysis, in the greater Auckland region, from 2000–2006
Authors: KENDRICK‐JONES JAMIE C , VOSS DAVID M , DE ZOYSA JANAK R 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTAim:  Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a rare and serious disease characterised by thickening and hardening of the skin with fibrosis of the dermis with CD34‐positive fibrocytes. NSF occurs in patients with renal failure and has been linked to exposure of gadolinium contrast agents. The Auckland region has a population of 1.3 million with consultation and dialysis services for patients with end stage kidney disease provided by two separate renal units. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and frequency of NSF in the Auckland region and determine the risk based on exposure to gadolinium based contrast agents.Methods:  A retrospective case notes review of all patients with end stage kidney disease under the care of the renal services between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2006 was undertaken. All cases of proven or suspected NSF were identified. Using a picture archive and communications support system all imaging and exposure to contrast was identified.Results:  Three cases of biopsy proven NSF and two further cases of clinical NSF were identified. In all cases there was exposure to Gadolinium. This risk of NSF on exposure to any gadolinium based contrast agents was 0.67%. Gadodiamide was used in one institution where all five cases of NSF were seen, gadodiamide was used in 1% of patients in the other institution with no recognised cases.Conclusion:  The incidence of NSF is low with the greatest risk on exposure to linear, non‐ionic chelates, with no ethnic predisposition.
The central motor conductivity of genioglossus in obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: WANG Wei , KANG Jian , KONG Delei 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  During wakefulness, the electromyography (EMG) activities of upper airway dilator muscles are higher in OSA syndrome (OSAS) patients than those in normal subjects. This is believed to be related to central compensatory mechanisms. This study aimed to assess the central motor conductivity of genioglossus (GG) during wakefulness and to evaluate the compensatory site in OSAS patients.Methods:  Twelve OSAS patients and 12 normal subjects were recruited to record motor evoked potential (MEP) of GG to transcranial magnetic stimulation applied at dominant‐sided anterolateral area and GG response to magnetic stimulation at the third cervical level. Stimuli were delivered at the end of expiration and inspiration respectively. The central motor conduction time (CMCT) was calculated by the latency difference between cortical and cervical stimulations.Results:  The MEP latency and CMCT of GG in OSAS patients were shorter than those in normal subjects at the end of expiration (MEP latency: 6.08 ± 2.06 ms and 8.24 ± 2.66 ms, respectively, P < 0.05; CMCT: 2.41 ± 1.20 ms and 3.58 ± 1.53 ms, respectively, P < 0.05). However, only in normal subjects, GG MEP latency and CMCT showed significant decrease from the end of expiration to the end of inspiration. GG CMCT of OSAS patients at the end of expiration was closely correlated with AHI (r = −0.797, P = 0.002), the nadir oxygen saturation (r = 0.76, P = 0.003) and the longest apnoea time (r = −0.68, P = 0.02).Conclusions:  OSAS patients have an increased central motor conductivity of GG than normal subjects. Furthermore, this increased central motor conductivity of GG is related to the severity of OSAS.
Do Firms Decouple Corporate Governance Policy and Practice?
Authors: Ananchotikul Nasha , Kouwenberg Roy , Phunnarungsi Visit 
Published: September 2010

Abstract We test whether Thai listed firms with higher levels of good governance policy adoption are less likely to violate listing rules and laws designed to protect shareholders. Our results suggest that firms on average implement, substantively as opposed to symbolically, recommended governance policies, as violations occur less frequently among firms with higher governance policy adoption scores. However, we also find evidence of symbolic governance among a small group of ‘talk‐only’ firms that issue statements about governance while lagging in the adoption of policies related to shareholder rights and the board of directors.
Observations on Osteomalacia in the Zoological Collections of Manchester and Cleveland.
Authors: Todd T. Wingate 
Published: September 2010

Summary.1. Osteomalacia, or so‐called spontaneous generalised bone‐softening, is not a simple decalcification of bone, but a reorganisation of bone as an organ, in which the loss of osseous tissue is not brought about by osteoclasts.2. From this it is evident that the cell‐masses known by the name of “osteoclasts” are not indispensable in the transformation of bone to less specialised tissue.3. The disease may be infectious in origin. If so, the evidence at our disposal points to the nervous system as the site of infection. The bone‐changes appear to be the symptoms consequent on the nervous lesion.
The Recurrence of Eating in Rats after apparent Satiation.
Authors: Drew G. C. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryAn attempt has been made to discover whether eating can be made to recur after the animal is satiated with food. This has been found to be the case under certain rather complicated conditions, the essential feature apparently being that the conditions arouse a certain state of excitement in the animals. It, was discovered, further, that those conditions which will start eating after satiation will prevent it when the animals are hungry.It is suggested that. this is similar to the Pavlovian “external inhibition” and “dismhibition” respectively. From this it is concluded that satiation must involve some mechanism similar to Pavlov's “internal inhibition.”