bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceived obligation, overconfidence and electric‐bike driving hazards: The double‐edged sword of social network density
Authors: Lu Hongxu , Jiang Li , Wu Ting , Zhang Ke , Lin Li 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces the social network perspective to the context of electric‐bike driving and empirically tests various hypotheses on the relationship between social network density and electric‐bike driving hazards. The results of a three‐wave time‐lagged field study of 1575 electric‐bike drivers showed that social network density had a negative indirect effect on driving hazards, mediated by perceived obligation, and a positive indirect effect on driving hazards, mediated by overconfidence. Furthermore, a strong perceived ethical climate strengthened the negative indirect effect of social network density on driving hazards via perceived obligation and mitigated the positive indirect effect of social network density on driving hazards via overconfidence. This study makes theoretical contributions and provides empirical evidence to support the further exploration of electric‐bike driving safety hazards. It also contributes to the literature on social network density by revealing how it is akin to a double‐edged sword in the context of safety incidents.
Inhibition of RNase 7 by RNase inhibitor promotes inflammation and Staphylococcus aureus growth: Implications for atopic dermatitis
Authors: Rademacher Franziska , Scheel Annika , Gläser Regine , Schröder Lena , Heinemann Nina , Bartels Joachim , Gerdes Sascha , Stölzl Dora , Rodriguez Elke , Döhner Katinka , Weidinger Stephan , Werfel Thomas , Harder Jürgen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe antimicrobial ribonuclease RNase 7 is abundantly expressed in the epidermis of lesional skin of atopic dermatitis (AD). Host RNase inhibitor (RI) binds to RNase 7 and blocks its ribonuclease activity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of RNase 7–RI interactions on AD.MethodsCultured human primary keratinocytes, with siRNA‐mediated downregulation of RNase 7 and RI, were stimulated with the synthetic RNA polyinosinic‐polycytidylic acid (poly I:C). Induction of proinflammatory mediators was analyzed by real‐time PCR and ELISA. RI expression in AD non‐lesional and lesional skin biopsies and healthy controls was analyzed by real‐time PCR and immunostaining. RI protein release in vivo on the AD skin surface was determined by western blot. Antimicrobial and ribonuclease assays were used to investigate the functional role of RI.ResultsRNase 7 inhibited the RNA‐induced expression of proinflammatory mediators in keratinocytes. Accordingly, downregulation of RNase 7 in keratinocytes enhanced RNA‐mediated induction of proinflammatory mediators, whereas downregulation of RI had the opposite effect. RI was released by damaged keratinocytes and epidermis. In vivo expression and release of RI on the skin surface were enhanced in lesional AD skin. Rinsing solution from the surface of lesional AD skin blocked the ribonuclease activity of RNase 7. The anti‐Staphylococcus aureus activity of RNase 7 was abrogated by RI.ConclusionsOur data suggest a novel role of RI as a trigger factor of inflammation in AD by blocking the ribonuclease and antimicrobial activity of RNase 7, thereby enhancing RNA‐mediated inflammation and S. aureus growth.
Acute kidney injury in children hospitalised for febrile urinary tract infection
Authors: Marzuillo Pierluigi , Guarino Stefano , Alfiero Salvatore , Annicchiarico Petruzzelli Luigi , Arenella Mattia , Baccelli Francesco , Brugnara Milena , Corrado Ciro , Delcaro Giulia , Di Sessa Anna , Gallotta Giulia , Lanari Marcello , Lorenzi Maya , Malgieri Gabriele , Miraglia del Giudice Emanuele , Pecoraro Carmine , Pennesi Marco , Picassi Sara , Pierantoni Luca , Puccio Giuseppe , Scozzola Floriana , Taroni Francesca , Tosolini Chiara , Venditto Laura , Pasini Andrea , La Scola Claudio , Montini Giovanni ,   CAKUT‐UTI Study Group of the Italian Society of Pediatric Nephrology
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo determine (i) prevalence and the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in children hospitalised for febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) and (ii) role of AKI as indicator of an underlying VUR. AKI, in fact, is favoured by a reduced nephron mass, often associated to VUR.MethodsThis retrospective Italian multicentre study enrolled children aged 18 years or younger (median age = 0.5 years) discharged with a primary diagnosis of fUTI. AKI was defined using Kidney Disease/Improving Global Outcomes serum creatinine criteria.ResultsOf 849 children hospitalised for fUTI (44.2% females, median age 0.5 years; IQR = 1.8), 124 (14.6%) developed AKI. AKI prevalence rose to 30% in the presence of underlying congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT). The strongest AKI predictors were presence of CAKUT (OR = 7.5; 95%CI: 3.8–15.2; p = 9.4e‐09) and neutrophils levels (OR = 1.13; 95%CI: 1.08–1.2; p = 6.8e‐07).At multiple logistic regression analysis, AKI during fUTI episode was a significant indicator of VUR (OR = 3.4; 95%CI: 1.7–6.9; p = 0.001) despite correction for the diagnostic covariates usually used to assess the risk of VUR after the first fUTI episode. Moreover, AKI showed the best positive likelihood ratio, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and specificity for VUR.ConclusionAKI occurs in 14.6% of children hospitalised for fUTI and is a significant indicator of VUR.
Old by obsolescence: The paradox of aging in the digital era
Authors: Llorca Albareda Joan , García‐Barranquero Pablo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGeroscience and philosophy of aging have tended to focus their analyses on the biological and chronological dimensions of aging. Namely, one ages with the passage of time and by experiencing the cellular‐molecular deterioration that accompanies this process. However, our concept of aging depends decisively on the social valuations held about it. In this article, we will argue that, if we study social aging in the contemporary world, a novel phenomenon can be identified: the paradox of aging in the digital era. If the social understanding of aging today is linked to unproductivity and obsolescence; then there is a possibility that, given the pace of change of digital technologies, we become obsolete at an early chronological and biological age, and therefore, feel old at a younger age. First, we will present the social dimension of aging based on Rowe and Kahn's model of successful aging. We will also show that their notion of social aging hardly considers structural aspects and weakens their approach. Second, departing from social aging in its structural sense, we will develop the paradox of aging in the digital era. On the one hand, we will explain how the institutionalization of aging has occurred in modern societies and how it is anchored in the concepts of obsolescence and productivity. On the other hand, we will state the kind of obsolescence that digitalization produces and argue that it can make cohorts of biologically and chronologically young individuals obsolete, and thus they would be personally and socially perceived as old.
Hydroxymethylglutaryl‐CoA reductase activity is essential for mitochondrial β‐oxidation of fatty acids to prevent lethal accumulation of long‐chain acylcarnitines in the mouse liver
Authors: Liepinsh Edgars , Zvejniece Liga , Clemensson Laura , Ozola Melita , Vavers Edijs , Cirule Helena , Korzh Stanislava , Skuja Sandra , Groma Valerija , Briviba Monta , Grinberga Solveiga , Liu Wen , Olszewski Paweł , Gentreau Mélissa , Fredriksson Robert , Dambrova Maija , Schiöth Helgi B. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeStatins are competitive inhibitors of 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG‐CoA) reductase (HMGCR), and exert adverse effects on mitochondrial function, although the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. We used a tamoxifen‐induced Hmgcr‐knockout (KO) mouse model, a multi‐omics approach and mitochondrial function assessments to investigate whether decreased HMGCR activity impacts key liver energy metabolism pathways.Experimental ApproachWe established a new mouse strain using the Cre/loxP system, which enabled whole‐body deletion of Hmgcr expression. These mice were crossed with Rosa26Cre mice and treated with tamoxifen to delete Hmgcr in all cells. We performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses and thus evaluated time‐dependent changes in metabolic functions to identify the pathways leading to cell death in Hmgcr‐KO mice.Key ResultsLack of Hmgcr expression resulted in lethality, due to acute liver damage caused by rapid disruption of mitochondrial fatty acid β‐oxidation and very high accumulation of long‐chain (LC) acylcarnitines in both male and female mice. Gene expression and KO‐related phenotype changes were not observed in other tissues. The progression to liver failure was driven by diminished peroxisome formation, which resulted in impaired mitochondrial and peroxisomal fatty acid metabolism, enhanced glucose utilization and whole‐body hypoglycaemia.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur findings suggest that HMGCR is crucial for maintaining energy metabolism balance, and its activity is necessary for functional mitochondrial β‐oxidation. Moreover, statin‐induced adverse reactions might be rescued by the prevention of LC acylcarnitine accumulation.
A case of excisionally remitted indolent NK‐cell enteropathy in the oral cavity and a mini‐review
Authors: Li Xiangyun , Li Zhu , Zhou Xiaoge , Zheng Yuanyuan , Zhang Yanlin , Xie Jianlan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBenign natural killer cell enteropathy (NKCE) was first identified in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Notably, instances of NKCE have previously been observed at various sites other than the GI tract, including the gallbladder, lymph nodes, esophagus, and female genital tract. Typical NKCE manifests as an NK‐cell immunohistological phenotype, with or without TCR rearrangement, and is characterized by the absence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection and protracted clinical progression. The misdiagnosis of NKT‐cell lymphoma has resulted in some patients receiving chemotherapy, while in other instances, the patients' conditions resolved without treatment and showed no evidence of disease recurrence or progression during follow‐up examinations. In this paper, we describe a unique case of EBV‐negative NKCE occurring in the oral cavity, the first time such a case has been documented. The tumor completely resolved after an excisional biopsy, and subsequent follow‐up did not reveal any signs of disease recurrence.
Paediatric antibody prevalence in seizure score to predict autoimmune aetiology in seizure disorders
Authors: Mori Takayuki , Matsuda Shimpei , Nishida Hiroya , Kohyama Kuniko , Fukuda Mitsumasa , Sakuma Hiroshi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo modify the antibody prevalence in epilepsy (APE) score of children with suspected autoimmune central nervous system disease with seizures.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the cerebrospinal fluid of 157 children (aged 0–18 years) with suspected autoimmune central nervous system disease for antineuronal antibodies in our laboratory from 2016 to 2023. Participants were randomly divided into the development cohort (n = 79, 35 females; median 7 years, SD 4 years 7 months, range 4–11 years) and validation cohort (n = 78, 28 females; median 7 years, SD 4 years 5 months, range 4–12 years). A paediatric antibody prevalence in seizure (PAPS) score was created for one cohort and evaluated in the other. Seven variables were selected through univariate and multivariate analysis to create a PAPS score.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐seven children who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled; 49 tested positive for antineuronal antibodies. The sensitivity and specificity of an APE score of 4 and greater were 92% and 22.2% respectively; the sensitivity and specificity of a PAPS score of 2.5 and greater were 83.3% and 77.8% respectively. The area under the curve was 0.832 (95% confidence interval = 0.743–0.921), which was significantly better than that for the APE score (p < 0.001).InterpretationThe APE score had high sensitivity but low specificity in children. The PAPS score may be useful for determining the need for antineuronal antibody testing.What this paper adds

The antibody prevalence in epilepsy (APE) score had high sensitivity but low specificity in children.
The sensitivity and specificity of the paediatric antibody prevalence in seizure (PAPS) score were 83.3% and 77.8% respectively.
There were significant differences in the area under the curve for the APE and PAPS scores.
Midterm outcomes of autogenous mature third molars transplantation into surgically created sockets: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ainiwaer Ailimaierdan , Gong Zhongcheng , Zuolipahaer Zulikamaier , Wang Ling 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground/AimsThe purpose of this study was to observe the outcome of mature third molars transplantation into surgically created sockets with the assistance of computer designed three dimensional (3‐D) printed replicas and compare its outcome with the conventional fresh socket autotransplantation.Material and MethodsThis study included total of 96 mature third molars autotransplanted in 96 cases with the guidance of computer designed 3‐D printed replicas. Forty‐eight teeth autotransplanted into surgically created sockets were enrolled into the surgically created socket group and 48 teeth conventionally autotransplanted into fresh sockets were enrolled into the fresh socket group. In the surgically created socket group, mature third molars were autotransplanted into surgically prepared sockets at the site of previously missed or extracted molars in the alveolar bone and in the fresh socket group, autotransplantation of mature third molars were performed in fresh sockets of extracted diseased molars simultaneously. After transplantation, the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Landry Wound Healing Index (LWHI), mobility and probing depth (PD) of the transplanted teeth were measured and the patient satisfaction questionnaire were held in both group. All patients underwent clinical and radiographic examinations during the follow‐up.ResultsDuring the mean follow‐up period of 47.63 ± 16.78 months (range 18–78 months), 92 out of 96 teeth remained in situ without clinical or radiographic complications with overall success rate of 95.83%. No statistically significant differences were found in success and survival rates between the two group. The average extra‐oral time of the donor teeth were 60.76 ± 22.41 s and mean positioning trials of the donor teeth were 2.43 ± 1.19. The VAS score at Day 1 in the surgically created socket group was higher than the fresh socket group (p < .05). LWHI scores in the surgically created group were lower than the fresh socket group during the first 2 weeks (p < .05). The degree of mobility of the transplanted teeth in both group showed no statistically significant difference during the first 3 months. PD in the surgically created group were higher than the fresh socket group in the first month but there were no statistically significant difference after 1 month. Twenty‐six out of 48 cases in the surgically created group needed crown restoration while only 10 cases went through crown restoration in the fresh socket group. Most patients in both group were satisfied with the treatment.ConclusionsAutogenous mature third molars transplantation into surgically created sockets is as effective as conventional fresh socket transplantation. This technique is worth recommending in carefully selected cases and optimistic results can be achieved.
Comparative analysis of dental trauma in contact and non‐contact sports: A systematic review
Authors: de Lima Luiz Gustavo Healt , dos Santos Caroline Souza , Rocha Juliana Schaia , Tanaka Orlando , Rosa Edvaldo Antonio Ribeiro , Gasparello Gil Guilherme 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDental traumas in sports are common and have physical, social, psychological, and economic impacts. The aim of this study was to determine, through a systematic review, the prevalence of dental trauma in contact and non‐contact sports. This review was submitted to PROSPERO (CRD42023421206). Included studies addressed the prevalence of dental trauma in young athletes and adults above 18 years, excluding reviews, editorials, symposiums, or those evaluating athletes under 18 years. A literature search was conducted using the databases PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, LIVIVO, SPORTDiscus, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source (via EBSCO), and Lilacs and BBO, as well as gray literature. Bias risk was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute's Critical Appraisal Checklist. Data were synthesized considering study characteristics, population, sport, and outcomes. R Statistics software was used for all meta‐analyses. A total of 1707 articles were identified. After applying eligibility criteria, eight were selected. Three studies, not previously observed, were later added after reading four systematic reviews on a similar topic. Fourteen contact sports and five non‐contact sports were analyzed. The prevalence of dental trauma was 11.38% in contact sports and 5.24% in non‐contact sports. Regardless of the type of sport, athletes face risks of dental trauma, with contact sports showing higher prevalence. The use of mouthguards is essential across all contact and non‐contact sports as a preventive measure.
Defence functions of mucus secreted from the larval body surface of the moth Phauda flammans
Authors: Lu Da‐Xing , He Xiong Zhao , Li Hong‐Yi , Liu Zuo‐Jun , Yang Neng , Wang Xiao‐Yun , Zheng Xia‐Lin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMany invertebrates and vertebrates secrete mucus from their body surface, which plays a crucial role in protecting themselves from attacks by microorganism or predators. This study reports on the potential functions of mucus secreted from the body surface of larvae of the moth Phauda flammans (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Phaudidae). We tested whether the mucus could inhibit the growth of the fungus Beauveria bassiana PfBb (Bals.‐Criv.) Vuill. (Hypocreales) and attract and/or deter predators such as the crazy ant, Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), and the predatory bug Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Our results showed that de‐ and rehydrated mucus concentrations of 0.5–1.0 mg mL−1 had an inhibitory effect on the conidial germination and colony growth of B. bassiana PfBb; however, P. flammans mucus did not significantly affect fungal sporulation. Raw mucus and mucus concentrations of 1.0–4.0 mg mL−1 attracted P. longicornis workers in a Y‐tube olfactometer, whereas the physical viscosity of raw mucus hindered their foraging for food in a laboratory test. The E. furcellata adults did not display a preference for the odour of P. flammans mucus. Therefore, P. flammans mucus may inhibit pathogenic microorganisms and attract or repel predators, but the mucus does not act as a complete deterrent.
Looking for the good in times of adversity: Examining the interplay of temperament and social schemas in shaping resilience in youth
Authors: Joosten Frankie , Bakker Jindra , Daemen Maud , van Amelsvoort Therese , Reininghaus Ulrich 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimResilience is a broad and dynamic concept that can be seen as being constituted by the combination of internal factors, for example, temperament profiles, and external factors, for example, social support. This paper aimed to identify temperament profiles in help‐seeking youth exposed to adverse childhood experiences, and to investigate whether temperament (putative internal protective factor) interacts with social schemas (as proxy for the putative external protective factor social support) such that their combination is associated with (a) reduced mental health problems and (b) attenuated decrease in positive affect following daily life stressors.MethodsSelf‐report questionnaires were used to measure temperament, social schemas and mental health problems. The experience sampling method was used to assess stress and positive affect (i.e., stress‐sensitivity as a potential daily life resilience mechanism). Temperament profiles were identified by latent profile analysis and regression analyses were used to examine (interaction) effects.ResultsIn 138 subjects, three temperament profiles were identified, that is, a moderate, volatile and persevering profile, of which the latter was negatively associated with mental health problems. Neither mental health problems nor stress sensitivity were found to be affected by the interaction between temperament and social schemas. However, positive social schemas were found to be independently associated with reduced mental health problems (b = −4.41; p = <.001) and reduced stress sensitivity (b = .10, p = .044).ConclusionsFindings are relevant for both practice and research, and contribute to improving our understanding of putative protective factor in the development of mental ill‐health, thereby further unravelling the construct of resilience.
“Our life literally got turned upside down”: Mothers' experiences of the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Condon Eileen M. , O'Connell Meghan , Jackson Brianna , Redeker Nancy S. , Sadler Lois S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to describe how the COVID‐19 pandemic influenced the lives of families with preschool‐age children, both broadly and with respect to familial roles, relationships, and routines.BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic placed a significant caregiving burden on families with young children, but the voices and experiences of these families have not been well documented in the scientific literature. Preschool‐age children undergo rapid brain development during the early childhood period, and thus these children may be especially vulnerable to the effects of pandemic‐related stress.MethodWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study with caregivers of preschool‐age children. A semi‐structured interview was used to elicit information about the COVID‐19 pandemic's influence on family functioning, routines, and relationships. We used inductive thematic analysis to code the data and identify themes and subthemes.ResultsThirty‐five women participated in the study. Women described both positive and negative influences of the pandemic on family life. Themes included: 1) disrupted routines and the parent juggling act, 2) rattled relationships and close connections, 3) the pile‐up of pandemic related stressors, and 4) coping strategies and “coming out on the other side.”Conclusions & ImplicationsA deeper understanding of the effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on family life provides critical insight necessary to inform targeted intervention efforts and improve long‐term outcomes for families with young children.
Skin sediments: Narrating memory in Kim de l'Horizon's Blutbuch (2022)
Authors: Sambruno Spannhoff Theresa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractKim de l'Horizon's Blutbuch contributes to the contemporary posthumanist discourse of the German‐language literary landscape by developing an original way of narrating memory through transformative materialities. This article explores two forms of memory narration that de l'Horizon evokes and combines in their text resulting in a productive space of tension between the protagonist and their environment. On the one hand, the main character grasps narratives as layers of skin (Gehäute) that serve as a physical boundary of the figures in the text. On the other hand, de l'Horizon proposes a memory narrative that aims to permeate these skin boundaries to reconnect the human self with surrounding matter in a fluid, symbiotic way.