bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postdischarge health information tools and information needs for mothers of vulnerable newborns in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Authors: Rababeh Asma , Paton Chris , Grewal Gulraj , Maina Jackson Michuki , English Mike , Oluoch Dorothy , Fuller Sebastian S , Papoutsi Chrysanthi 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThe postdischarge period is crucial for vulnerable newborns at risk of morbidity, readmission and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Addressing gaps in care during this period could improve outcomes. This review consolidates evidence on caregiver information needs and relevant information tools used in postdischarge care for vulnerable newborns in LMICs.DesignScoping review using the methodological framework developed by Arksey and O’Malley.Data sourcesWe searched six databases for relevant articles published in English between 2001 and 2021. Additional articles were identified through citation and reference checking.Eligibility criteriaArticles on postdischarge care for newborns in LMICs, excluding economic and technical development studies, discharge to other healthcare facilities (rather than to home) and maternal-focused studies.Data extraction and synthesisData extraction followed Arksey and O’Malley’s data charting method. Using a descriptive synthesis approach, heterogeneous data were collated in narrative format.ResultsFrom 5190 articles, 22 were included. Only a small number of articles discussed caregiver challenges, like receiving insufficient information at discharge which led to uncertainty in caring for vulnerable newborns. Caregivers had a number of needs in relation to maternal and newborn care, including in terms of coordination of follow-up care. Although a number of tools have been used to support relevant needs (for postnatal care in general rather than specifically for postdischarge care of vulnerable newborns), these have shown mixed effectiveness due to challenges with completeness, lack of training and support, supply chain issues and cultural barriers to adoption, such as preference for alternative providers.ConclusionOur understanding of postdischarge information needs for those looking after vulnerable newborns in LMICs remains limited. More effective use of information tools could help address some of these needs and contribute towards reducing neonatal mortality rates.
Sodium valproate, a potential repurposed treatment for the neurodegeneration in Wolfram syndrome (TREATWOLFRAM): trial protocol for a pivotal multicentre, randomised double-blind controlled trial
Authors: Dias Renuka P , Brock Kristian , Hu Kun , Gupta Rajat , Martin Una , Peet Andrew , Wilson Martin , Yu-Wai-Man Patrick , Wright Benjamin , Mollan Susan , Kulkarni Archana , Meunier Isabelle , Billingham Lucinda , Nagy Zsuzsanna , Rose Heather , Koks Sulev , Zatyka Malgorzata , Astuti Dewi , Lynch Tracy , Morrison Karen E , Barton Darren , Cronier Sabrina , Malpass Rebecca , Evans Ruth , Malhi Amandip , Takhar Pooja , Lamb Amy , Esteban-Bueno Gema , Młynarski Wojciech , Orssaud Christophe , Roubertie Agathe , Homer Victoria , Barrett Timothy 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWolfram syndrome (WFS1-Spectrum Disorder) is an ultra-rare monogenic form of progressive neurodegeneration and diabetes mellitus. In common with most rare diseases, there are no therapies to slow or stop disease progression. Sodium valproate, an anticonvulsant with neuroprotective properties, is anticipated to mediate its effect via alteration of cell cycle kinetics, increases in p21cip1expression levels and reduction in apoptosis and increase in Wolframin protein expression. To date, there have been no multicentre randomised controlled trials investigating the efficacy of treatments for neurodegeneration in patients with Wolfram syndrome.Methods and analysisTREATWOLFRAM is an international, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised clinical trial designed to investigate whether 36-month treatment with up to 40 mg/kg/day of sodium valproate will slow the rate of loss of visual acuity as a biomarker for neurodegeneration in patients with Wolfram syndrome. Patients who satisfied the eligibility criteria were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive two times per day oral gastro-resistant sodium valproate tablets up to a maximum dose of 800 mg 12 hourly or sodium valproate-matched placebo. Using hierarchical repeated measures analyses with a 5% significance level, 80% power and accounting for an estimated 15% missing data rate, a sample size of 70 was set. The primary outcome measure, visual acuity, will be centrally reviewed and analysed on an intention-to-treat population.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the National Research Ethics Service (West of Scotland; 18/WS/0020) and by the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Recruitment into TREATWOLFRAM started in January 2019 and ended in November 2021. The treatment follow-up of TREATWOLFRAM participants is ongoing and due to finish in November 2024. Updates on trial progress are disseminated via Wolfram Syndrome UK quarterly newsletters and at family conferences for patient support groups. The findings of this trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international presentations.Trial registration numberNCT03717909.
Evaluating stress management approaches, types of social support and postpartum mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study based in the United States
Authors: Williams Peyton , Campbell Sophia , Gildner Theresa E. , Geisel-Zamora Suzanna , Thayer Zaneta 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveReduced psychological well-being during the postnatal period may impair a birthing parent’s ability to care for themselves and their child. We investigated stress management approaches, social support types, and the association between perceived social support and postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum anxiety (PPA) among a cohort of postpartum individuals in the United States who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignThis study uses Wave 3 data from the COVID-19 and Reproductive Effects study. Qualitative data from previous data collection waves were used to define social support types. Multilinear regression models evaluated the association between perceived social support, PPD and PPA.SettingAn online convenience sample.ParticipantsParticipants were approximately 12 months postpartum (mean 11.93 months, SD=2.03). Data were collected between July and September 2021.ResultsComplete data were available from 252 postpartum individuals (mean age=32.2 years). Playing with their children, watching television, connecting with others in person, engaging in social media and exercising were the five most commonly reported stress management strategies. Emotional support was the most commonly reported type of social support. Higher perceived social support was associated with lower PPD (B=−1.3, p value <0.0001, 95% CI=–1.7 to –0.8) and PPA (B=−2.3, p value <0.0001, 95% CI=–3.0 to –1.6).ConclusionSocial support was an important way through which postpartum individuals managed stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Playing with children, which may have been facilitated by work-from-home policies, and online interactions emerged as surprising adaptations to stress. Policymakers and healthcare systems should consider ways to increase opportunities for birthing parents to engage in these sorts of interactions (eg, extended parental leave policies and interventions to enhance perceived social support), especially during crises. Doing so may improve health outcomes for birthing parents and their children.
Cross-sectional analysis of e-cigarettes, combustible tobacco and their dual use with binge drinking among college students in the USA
Authors: Thornquist Rose , Qeadan Fares 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTobacco use is a long-standing epidemic that has caused millions of premature deaths. Electronic cigarette use is rising among young adults, yet few studies have included combustible tobacco, e-cigarettes and their dual use in an analysis of binge drinking among college students. This study aims to calculate the associations between these three forms of tobacco use and binge drinking among college students.MethodsThis cross-sectional study used data from 332 721 college students from the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment survey. Tobacco use was organised into four groups: no tobacco use, e-cigarette use only, combustible tobacco use only and dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible tobacco. Binge drinking was a binary indication of whether students had engaged in binge drinking in the last 2 weeks. Multiple logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between tobacco use and binge drinking, adjusting for demographic factors and constructs of the integrated behavioural model.ResultsEach tobacco use group had significantly higher odds of binge drinking compared with students who did not use tobacco. Students who engaged in dual tobacco use had significantly higher odds of binge drinking compared with exclusive combustible tobacco use (adjusted OR, aOR=2.41, 95% CI: 2.29, 2.53) and exclusive e-cigarette use (aOR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.71, 1.86).ConclusionThe strong relationship between dual tobacco use and binge drinking among college students warrants further investigation into the aetiology and clinical manifestations of this emerging coupled substance use behaviour among the next generation of adults.
Neighbourhood immigrant density and COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation among healthcare workers in Sweden: a register-based observational study
Authors: Nwaru Chioma , Bonander Carl , Li Huiqi , Santosa Ailiana , Löve Jesper , Nyberg Fredrik 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionWe investigated whether living in immigrant-dominated neighbourhoods constituted a risk factor for COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Sweden, and if so, whether such exposure exacerbated the risk of COVID-19 among immigrant HCWs.MethodsWe used population-based register data from HCWs aged 20–62 years (N=86 187) resident in 14 Swedish municipalities (3 of which are Sweden’s largest metropolitan cities) on 1 January 2020. Residential neighbourhoods of the HCWs were categorised into three groups: Swedish-dominated, mixed and immigrant-dominated. Multilevel mixed-effects survival regression was used for the association analyses, with control for relevant confounding variables. The results are reported as HRs, with 95% CIs.ResultsFrom 1 January 2020 to 30 September 2022, we recorded 39 746 COVID-19 infections and 860 COVID-19-related hospitalisations. Except during the first wave of the pandemic, living in immigrant-dominated (adjusted HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.01) or mixed (adjusted HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.05) neighbourhoods was not associated with COVID-19 infection, but living in these areas was associated with an increased risk of having COVID-19-related hospitalisation throughout the study period. Immigrant HCWs, regardless of their neighbourhood of residence, had approximately 2-fold higher risk of being hospitalised for COVID-19 than non-immigrant HCWs living in Swedish-dominated neighbourhoods.ConclusionsAmong HCWs in Sweden, neighbourhood immigrant density constituted a risk factor for COVID-19-related hospitalisation. However, immigrant HCWs had an elevated risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation regardless of where they lived.
Childhood socioeconomic position and healthy ageing: results from five harmonised cohort studies in the ATHLOS consortium
Authors: Wu Yu-Tzu , Gnanapragasam Sam , Sanchez-Niubo Albert , Hossin Muhammad Zakir , Grünberger Ilona , Koskinen Seppo , Cooper Rachel , Prina Matthew 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionChildhood socioeconomic position (SEP) has been identified as a key determinant of health. However, earlier literature is largely from high-income countries and provides limited evidence on the prolonging impacts of childhood disadvantage on healthy ageing across diverse settings and populations. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between childhood SEP and healthy ageing across multiple countries and the mediation effects of adult SEP, individual education and wealth, on these associations.MethodsUsing the harmonised dataset of five cohort studies in the Ageing Trajectories of Health-Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project, this study was based on 57 956 people aged ≥50 years (women: 53.3%) living in China, Finland, UK, Poland, South Africa and Mexico. The associations between childhood SEP (parental education and occupation) and healthy ageing scores were examined using linear regression modelling. Causal mediation analysis was carried out to estimate the percentage of indirect effects via adult SEP (individual education and wealth).ResultsHigher levels of childhood SEP were associated with higher healthy ageing scores by up to five points and similar patterns were observed across populations from different countries. The associations were mediated by adult SEP and the range of mediation effects was between 21% and 78%.ConclusionsThis study found childhood SEP was associated with poor health in later life across high-income, middle-income and low-income countries. Addressing socioeconomic disadvantage, such as improving education attainment, may moderate the impacts of adversity in early life and support health and functioning in later life.
Experiences of abortion in the UK Armed Forces: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kinkaid Victoria Elizabeth , Guest Ruth , Willman Antony , King Kate 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAbortion is a common pregnancy outcome; in the UK one in three women will have an abortion by age 45 years. Despite women making up 11.7% of the UK Armed Forces (UKAF), anecdotal voices from patient groups and clinicians highlight their gender-specific health needs not being addressed by the UKAF. There is a worldwide absence of literature and policy on abortion care in the AF, including rates and experiences. This survey addresses the paucity of data on abortion experiences in UK servicewomen to ensure the UKAF is providing the best possible care for them.MethodsA REDCap survey was circulated among UK servicewomen via email and social media networks, and snowball distribution was utilised to widen participation. Quantitative data were used for descriptive statistics and qualitative data were analysed iteratively by the authors, with regular meetings to agree on themes.ResultsA total of 427 servicewomen responded: 124 (29%) declared they previously had an abortion, with 102 (23.9%) being in service. Twelve (11.8%) of these abortions were required when on deployment. Four key themes emerged: ‘Trust in information holders’, ‘Influencers, barriers and access’, ‘Systemic lack of awareness’ and ‘Life in the military’.ConclusionsThis is the first study to collect data on UK servicewomen’s experience around abortion care, and highlights a complex interplay of factors which may influence abortion care decisions. Stigma and judgement were pervasive threads running through all themes, negatively impacting UKAF women. Evidence-based policies and information on abortion are recommended for both servicepeople and healthcare professionals to facilitate access to abortion and begin to destigmatise it in the AF.
Exploring the association between a periodic safe-ride program and urban alcohol-impaired driving crashes in Quebec, Canada: a cross-sectional time-series analysis
Authors: Mamri Asma , Nazif-Munoz José Ignacio , Brown Thomas Gordon , Ouimet Marie Claude 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIn Canada, alcohol-impaired driving is a persistent public health concern in need of effective community-based prevention strategies. This study examined the association between the number of rides offered by a safe-ride program in the province of Quebec every December and alcohol-related injury crashes during the 2000–2019 period.MethodSafe-ride programs in four cities were examined (Montreal, Quebec, Sherbrooke and Trois-Rivières) using an ecological approach. The data set was structured as a balanced cross-sectional time series. Random-effects negative binomial regression modelled the relationship between the number of rides provided by the safe-ride program and night-time alcohol-related crashes involving serious injuries and fatalities, with individual city population as an offset variable.ResultsThe median number of night-time alcohol-related crashes for the months of December for the 2000–2019 period was 3.0 (IQR=1.5–4.5). The median number of rides offered was 16 894 (IQR=15 586–18 391). The association between the number of rides provided by the safe-ride program and night-time alcohol-related crashes (IRR=1.0002; 95% CI 0.9999, 1.0005) was not significant.ConclusionThe role of the number of rides provided by the safe-ride program in reducing night-time alcohol-related crashes was inconclusive. Specific program features may influence the findings. Future research is needed to understand the specific characteristics of safe-ride programs that could influence their putative benefits.
Targeting pyroptosis reverses KIAA1199-mediated immunotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Lisha , Zhao Lei , Zhou Diwei , Yu Yuanhang , Zhang Peiyi , Zheng Jinge , Lin Zhenyu , Yu Dandan , Ren Jinghua , Zhang Jing , Zhou Pengfei , Zhang Dejun , Zhang Tao 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDespite advancements in treatment modalities, several patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unresponsive to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Pyroptosis, an inflammatory programmed cell death process, holds substantial promise for tumor immunotherapy. In this study, we explored the use of pyroptosis to overcome immunotherapy resistance in CRC.MethodsWe used a pyroptosis-related gene panel to construct an immunotherapy efficacy evaluation model and validated its performance by immunohistochemical staining of CRC patient samples. Pyroptosis and its underlying mechanisms were examined both in vitro and in vivo using PCR, western blotting, lactate dehydrogenase release assay, ELISA, co-immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence cell assays, microscopic imaging, flow cytometry analysis and bioinformatics approaches.ResultsWe established a model to define high or low levels of pyroptosis in CRC, revealed that low pyroptosis led to immunotherapy resistance, and identified KIAA1199 as a characteristic protein of low pyroptosis CRC. We further demonstrated that KIAA1199 contributes to low pyroptosis, resulting in resistance to immunotherapy. Mechanistically, KIAA1199 bound to and stabilized DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1), thereby inhibiting GSDME-mediated pyroptosis. Importantly, our study highlighted that decitabine reversed KIAA1199-mediated immunotherapy resistance by enhancing pyroptosis to restore IL-1B release and CD8+T cell infiltration.ConclusionsWe found a critical role of KIAA1199 in promoting immunotherapy resistance by suppressing pyroptosis via the DNMT1/GSDME pathway in CRC. Decitabine has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent for reversing KIAA1199-mediated immunotherapy resistance by enhancing pyroptosis. Our findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with CRC who exhibit resistance to conventional immunotherapy approaches.
Comparison of drug-coated balloon with bare-metal stent in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis: the AcoArt sICAS randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ma Gaoting , Sun Dapeng , Jia BaiXue , Ling Li , Nguyen Thanh N , Sun Xuan , Yu Bo , Wen Changming , Cheng Tao , Chen Wenhuo , Han Ju , Han Hongxing , Guo Geng , Yu Jianghua , Wei Liping , Huang Rui , Mao Gengsheng , Shen Qingyu , Yang Xinguang , Wang Bo , Luo Gang , Huo Xiaochuan , Gao Feng , Mo Dapeng , Ma Ning , Miao Zhongrong 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundRestenosis after stenting with a standard bare-metal stent (BMS) is the main cause of stroke recurrence for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (sICAS). Whether a drug-coated balloon (DCB) could reduce the risk of restenosis for such patients is unknown. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of DCB in reducing 6 month restenosis in patients with sICAS.MethodsA prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, blinded endpoint clinical trial was conducted at 13 stroke centers across China. Eligible patients aged 18–80 years with sICAS defined as a recent transient ischemic attack (<180 days) or ischemic stroke (14–180 days) before enrollment attributed to a 70–99% atherosclerotic stenosis of a major intracranial artery were recruited between June 4, 2021 and September 15, 2022 (final follow-up: April 13, 2023). Patients were randomly assigned to receive a DCB (n=90) or BMS at a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome was the post-procedure incidence of restenosis in the target lesion at 6 months (165–225 days). The safety outcome was post-procedure target vessel-related stroke (hemorrhage or ischemia) or death at 30 days.ResultsAmong 201 randomized patients, 180 were confirmed eligible (mean age 58 years) and completed the trial. Compared with BMS, DCB was associated with a lower rate of post-procedure incidence of restenosis in the target lesion at 6 months (6.9% vs 32.9%, OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.42, P=0.0003). Regarding the safety outcome, post-procedure target vessel-related stroke (hemorrhage or ischemia) or death at 30 days did not differ between the two groups (4.4% vs 5.6%, OR 0.79, 95%CI 0.21 to 3.05, P=0.73).ConclusionDCB was superior to BMS in reducing the incidence of restenosis without increasing the risk of target vessel-related stroke or death within 6 months. Further trials comparing the outcomes of DCB with medical management for sICAS are warranted.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04631055.
Rising tide of middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematomas: current volumes and future growth compared with cerebral aneurysm and stroke interventions
Authors: Rai Ansaar T , Link Paul S , Lakhani Dhairya A 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTo estimate the current number of middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) procedures for subdural hematomas (SDH) and project growth compared with endovascular treatments for cerebral aneurysms and acute ischemic stroke (AIS).MethodsEstimates of SDH admissions were obtained from the National Inpatient Sample and Medicare Inpatient 100% Standard Analytic Files for 2019–23. MMAE volumes (2019–23) were estimated by cross referencing international classification of diseases, 10th revision, clinical modification (ICD-10 CM) codes for non-acute, non-traumatic SDH with ICD-10 procedure coding system (ICD-10 PCS) codes for surgical and endovascular interventions during the same admission to approximate MMAE volumes. These estimates were compared with volumes of endovascular cerebral aneurysm and AIS treatments, with projections based on historical growth rates.ResultsMMAE procedures increased significantly, from 4014 in 2019 to 20 836 in 2023, representing a 51% compound annual growth rate (CAGR). In comparison, endovascular aneurysm treatments grew from 34 754 to 42 491 (5% CAGR) and AIS procedures from 34 451 to 44 822 (7% CAGR). In the next 5 years, MMAE is projected to surpass other neurovascular procedures, with an estimated 79 483 procedures, compared with 79 405 for AIS and 56 942 for aneurysms, by 2029. Annual SDH admissions remained steady at just over 200 000 from 2019 to 2022, with most (~66%) managed medically. Only an estimated 2% of SDH admissions received an MMAE procedure in 2019, rising to 8% in 2022.ConclusionMMAE procedures have seen rapid adoption and may become the dominant neurovascular intervention, with potential implications for healthcare infrastructure and workforce planning.