bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An efficient lightweight detection model for steel surface defects with dynamic deformable head
Authors: Li Chengfei , Wen Zhikai , Huang Haijian , Mo Huamin , Zhou Shiqin , Zhu Zhenhao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The accurate detection of steel surface defects remains challenging because of their irregular shapes and complex backgrounds, which often result in missed detections and false positives. Moreover, existing models are unsuitable for edge devices due to large parameters and high computational demands. To address these issues, this paper presents DCDF-YOLO, a lightweight steel surface defect detection model based on YOLOv8n. First, a novel CSPDC feature extraction module replaces the standard C2f module by incorporating dual convolution. Group convolution techniques arrange filters efficiently to optimize information flow and enhance extraction efficiency and representation capacity. Second, a lightweight cross scale feature fusion module named CCFM is introduced during fusion to reduce parameters and computational cost while improving adaptability to scale variations. Third, a Dynamic Deformable Head (DDH) is proposed to improve detection of small defects and integrate feature diversity across scales. This detection head addresses limitations in handling long range dependencies and spatially adaptive aggregation, capturing local details and structural features effectively. Finally, a novel bounding box loss function Focaler-SIoU is introduced. It focuses on regression samples of varying difficulty and incorporates an angular penalty mechanism to enhance precision, inference capability, and robustness in defect recognition. The experimental results demonstrate that the improved model achieves mAP@0.5 gains of 4.5% and 2.7% on the public steel datasets GC10-DET and NEU-DET, respectively, compared to the baseline YOLOv8n. Additionally, the model’s parameter is reduced by 28.6% to 2.15M. Compared with other mainstream object detection models, the DCDF-YOLO model achieves an optimal balance between detection accuracy and lightweight design, meeting the requirements of edge devices operating under limited computational resources.
Combining SNNs with filtering for efficient neural decoding in implantable brain-machine interfaces
Authors: Zhou Biyan , Sun Pao-Sheng Vincent , Basu Arindam 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
While it is important to make implantable brain-machine interfaces (iBMI) wireless to increase patient comfort and safety, the trend of increased channel count in recent neural probes poses a challenge due to the concomitant increase in the data rate. Extracting information from raw data at the source by using edge computing is a promising solution to this problem, with integrated intention&#xD;decoders providing the best compression ratio. Recent benchmarking efforts have shown recurrent neural networks to be the best solution. Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) emerge as a promising solution for resource efficient neural decoding while Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) networks achieve the best accuracy. In this work, we show that combining traditional signal processing techniques, namely signal filtering, with SNNs improve their decoding performance significantly for regression tasks, closing the gap with LSTMs, at little added cost. Results with different filters are shown with Bessel filters providing best performance. Two block-bidirectional Bessel filters have been used–one for low latency and another for high accuracy. Adding the high accuracy variant of the Bessel filters to the output of ANN, SNN and variants provided statistically significant benefits with maximum gains of ≈ 5% and 8% in R2 for two SNN topologies (SNN Streaming and SNN 3D). Our work presents state of the art results for this dataset and paves the way for decoder-integrated-implants of the future.
Can agglomerated tall buildings reduce carbon emissions compared to a low-rise urban sprawl?
Authors: Bin Thaneya Ahmad , Chang Shuo Yu , Herbreteau Eleonore , Jeria Caroline , Jiang Zaiqin , Horvath Arpad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The building sector is a significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions globally. A city’s urban form and building typology can influence and even determine what strategies are implemented for GHG reductions. An important consideration for new construction is whether agglomerated mixed-use high-rises have the potential to reduce overall carbon emissions relative to a sprawl of low-rise dwellings. This study aims to contribute to that discussion by carrying out a comparative environmental assessment of the Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, and Al Hudaiba, a nearby low-rise neighborhood in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The aim of this exercise is to identify takeaways that can inform sustainable building construction and housing typologies. A life-cycle framework is used to analyze the annual per capita CO2e emissions of both systems, where material production, construction, building use, and end-of-life (EoL) phases are considered. A baseline scenario is established in which certain benefits an agglomerated system of tall buildings would provide are realized, including having buildings with longer service lives and reducing transportation demand. Baseline results show that the Burj Khalifa has 11% – 37% lower annual per capita life-cycle emissions, depending on the assumed electricity grid mix. Despite the higher operation emissions, reductions are achieved due to the Burj Khalifa’s relatively lower embodied carbon and transportation emissions. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is used to assess some of the uncertainties associated with baseline assumptions in each building phase. The MCS reveals that the Burj Khalifa leads to 5% – 66% less annual GHG emissions per capita across all emission distribution percentiles, depending on the grid mix. Meanwhile, a sensitivity analysis shows that life-cycle emissions are mostly dependent on the energy use intensities of both systems. Had the Burj Khalifa been built as a low-energy use building, it would have been more CO2e efficient than 95% of Al Hudaiba’s MSC realizations, with a mean difference of 4.3 tonnes CO2e/person/year. Overall, our findings demonstrate that agglomerated tall building systems can reduce building life-cycle emissions when they are intentionally designed to do so, especially if paired with a cleaner grid mix.
Metaphysics as Conceptual Engineering
Authors: Thomasson Amie L 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter develops the idea that metaphysics can be rethought as a form of conceptual engineering. Conceptual engineering is understood broadly here to include both reverse-engineering work that aims to understand how our terms and concepts work, and constructive engineering that aims to modify our conceptual scheme. It shows that such a reconception of metaphysics can avoid the problems that the traditional view of metaphysics encounters: problems of rivalry with science, epistemological mystery, and skepticism. The chapter also includes a brief history of the idea of philosophy as conceptual engineering and explains why it is useful to work from questions about engineering language rather than concepts.
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 3 - Audit of outcome of SADIS- results from a single bariatric centre
Authors: Haider I , Kaur M , Baruah V , Javed S , Stewart D , Darrien J , Almerie Q , Kerrigan D 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Obesity is a growing concern globally. Surgical treatment of obesity includes Sleeve gastrectomy and Gastric bypass. These procedures can suffer inadequate weight loss and weight re-gain. SADIS- Single anastomosis Duodeno-ileal switch is a variant of Duodenal switch procedure that it gives good weight loss, weight maintenance and resolutions of obesity related morbidity. There has been concern about the nutritional deficiencies associated with SADIS and it is a technically challenging procedure, so it has limited the uptake.

Methods
It is a retrospective study with prospective data collection. We analyzed our results of all patients who underwent SADIS procedure from January 2016–December 2022.
Primary aim-Weight loss and morbidity resolution at 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 6–10 yearsNutritional deficiencies.

Results
17 patients underwent SADIS procedure from January 2016–December 2022. Of these patients, majority are women. Age range between 27–62. Average BMI 55 kg/m2, BMI range 35 kg/m2–96.2 Kg/m2. Average weight loss was 32% (15%–53%) at 6 months, 69.6% (34%–90%) at 1 year and 86.2%. (Range 43%–109%) at 2 years, 6–10 years follow up is available for 16 out of 17 patients (One patient was lost to follow up). Average weight loss was 76% (62%–96%). None of the patients had protein energy malnutrition. 4 patients had Zinc and 3 had Calcium deficiency, all managed with oral replacement.

Conclusions
SADIS gives good outcomes in terms of weight loss and resolution of co-morbidities. Long term weight maintenance is better than bypass. Risk of nutritional deficiencies is acceptable and similar to bypass
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 11 - Video abstract: major vascular injury during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Alkhedr T , Aljewied A , Alhaddad M , Hassan I 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) had been recognized as the most performed bariatric procedure worldwide. Major vascular injury during the procedure is a rare life-threatening complication that needs an immediate integrated response to avoid possible mortality and serious morbidities.

Case Presentation
A 26-year-old lady with a BMI of 35.5 kg/m2 had presented to surgical clinic for bariatric surgery. After proper counselling and routine preoperative work up showed normal blood results and abdominal sonography showed fatty liver and cholelithiasis. Patient had been counselled for LSG and Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. After induction of anaesthesia, pneumoperitoneum had been achieved using a Verres needle in left upper abdominal quadrant then a 10 mm camera port (bladed trocar) had been inserted two fingers above and to the left of umbilicus. Once camera inside some fresh blood had been noticed in central abdomen, A quick second 10 mm trocar had been inserted at the left abdominal side to explore the source of bleeding that was mostly from a major vessel due to rapid expansion. Anaesthesia team was informed immediately to resuscitate and prepare adequate blood and blood products and to keep enough IV lines ready. Senior surgical team had joined the table and quick midline Laparotomy performed to explore source of bleeding. Sharp linear cut was identified in the Inferior vena cava (lateral wall), Right Common iliac artery (front and right wall). Compression control done while Anaesthesia team was resuscitating the patient successfully, Vascular team had been called from a nearby hospital and joined the table within 30 minutes. successful repair of injured vessels had been achieved within 45 minutes. Formal abdominal inspection had been done to rule out any missed injury followed by closure with drains. Patient shifted to surgical ICU ventilated with stable vital signs, adequate urine output and Hb of 12 g following 4 packed blood transfusion. Follow up Hb was stationery and patient extubated successfully after 12 hours. Patient had smooth recovery and discharged home after 3 days.

Conclusion
Major vascular injury might happen during bariatric surgery that needs immediate multidisciplinary response to achieve an integrated decision making and proper management, otherwise mortality or major morbidities might occur even in higher centers.
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 32 - Predictors of hypoglycaemia after bariatric surgery: a systematic review
Authors: Teixeira Pinto A C , Alves A , Pinto R , Silva I , Venâncio M , Costa-Pinho A , Preto J , Carneiro S , da-Costa E Lima , Sousa-Pinto B , Santos-Sousa H 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Bariatric surgery is a well-established treatment for obesity, offering substantial benefits in weight loss and metabolic improvements. However, post-bariatric hypoglycaemia (PBH) has emerged as a concerning complication, affecting a significant proportion of patients. Understanding its incidence, predictors, and implications is crucial for optimizing patient care.

Methods
A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Studies were screened from the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, with data extraction and quality assessment performed independently by reviewers. Eligible studies assessed patients who underwent bariatric surgery and documented hypoglycaemia. The primary outcome was the incidence of hypoglycaemia.

Results
Eleven studies were included, encompassing 5340 patients across various countries and surgical techniques, namely Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB), Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG), and Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding (LAGB). Post-bariatric-surgery incidence of hypoglycaemia ranged from 7.9% to 61.7%. Younger age, lower pre-surgery BMI, and greater weight loss emerged as predictors of PBH. Preoperative symptoms of hypoglycaemia correlated with postoperative occurrences.

Conclusion
PBH poses significant clinical challenges, emphasizing the need for comprehensive preoperative evaluation and vigilant postoperative monitoring. Further research with longer follow- up durations and comparative analyses between surgical techniques is warranted to enhance understanding and management of PBH.
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 35 - Long-term effects of one anastomosis gastric bypass on liver histopathology in NAFLD cases: a prospective study
Authors: Salman M A , Salman A A , Omar H S E , Abdelsalam A , Mostafa M S , Tourky M , Sultan A Abd El Aal , Elshafey M H , Abdelaty W R , Salem A , Khaliel O O , Elshafey H E , Atallah M , Shaaban H El Din , Yousef M , Nafea M A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Weight reduction can effectively improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which is a constant companion of severe obesity. This study aimed to determine the effect of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) on pathological liver changes in severely obese cases with NAFLD.

Methods
The present prospective research comprised 67 subjects with morbid obesity scheduled for OAGB during the period from February 2015 to August 2018. Clinical, biological, and histologic data were evaluated pre- and 15 months postoperatively.

Results
Fifteen months after surgery, a considerable reduction was noted in the grades of fat deposition, liver cell ballooning, and lobular inflammatory changes, in addition to the total NAS score. Fifteen months after surgery, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) disappeared in 42% of the patients. A significant regression of fibrosis stage occurred after surgery in 79.1% of patients (P &lt; 0.001). After surgery, patients had substantial reductions in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, HbA1c, total cholesterol, and Low-density lipoprotein (P &lt; 0.001, for all comparisons). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia resolved in 54%, 59%, and 69% of the patients, respectively.

Conclusion
OAGB resolved NASH in nearly 42% of patients and reduced the histological features of NAFLD 15 months after surgery. Bariatric procedures might be adopted as a therapeutic modality in severely obese cases with NAFLD after the failure of lifestyle modifications.
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 37 - One anastomosis gastric bypass versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for obesity: an updated meta-analysis and systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ahmed Y , Ataya K , Almubarak I , Almubarak A , Ali M , Yusuf W , Aljaafreh A , Simeonovski S , Yang W 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is currently regarded as the predominant method for bariatric surgery. However, one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) emerged after RYGB as a more straightforward and readily reversible operation. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, our aim is to compare both procedures and update the currently existing evidence.

Methods
We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared OAGB with RYGB as primary operations in terms of weight loss, comorbidities resolution, and post-operative complications in bariatric patients. Revisional surgeries were excluded from the analysis.

Results
Twelve studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 904 patients. 445 patients were assigned to OAGB group (0.49%). The follow-up periods ranged from 6 months to 60 months. Total weight loss percentage (TWL%) was statistically higher in OAGB group at 6 months (95% c.i.:0.80 to 2.94; P = 0.006) with no differences at 12, 24, 36 months when compared to RYGB. On the other hand, OAGB exhibited a significantly higher excess weight loss percentage (EWL%) in comparison to RYGB at 12 months (95% c.i.: 3.08 to 9.73; P = 0.0002). EWL% was comparable in both procedures at 6, 24, 60 months of follow-up, which suggests that OAGB yields similar weight loss outcomes when compared to RYGB. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of resolution of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea and musculoskeletal pain. De Novo gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) (RR 2.58; 95% c.i. 1.55 to 4.3; P = 0.0003) and marginal ulcers (RR 2.7; c.i. 95% 1.07 to 6.84; P = 0.04) were significantly higher in patients who underwent OAGB in comparison to RYGB. In contrast, diarrhea and dumping syndrome had a similar incidence in both procedures.

Conclusion
In conclusion, OAGB is not inferior to RYGB in terms of weight loss parameters and comorbidities resolution. However, OAGB can lead to a higher risk of development of marginal ulcers and de Novo GERD.
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 38 - Endrive ZERO: pushing forward efficiency and safety in stapling technology
Authors: Davanzo C , Sirabo A , Schiller M , Zapata A , Muñoz R , Berry M , Gutiérrez L , Sosa M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Endrive ZERO: Pushing Forward Efficiency and Safety in Stapling Technology Intro: Since their first appearance in 1908 by the Hungarian surgeon Hümér Hültl, Surgical Staplers (SS) have gained massive popularity due to their surprising results, improving surgical safety, complication rates and operative time optimization. Along evolution, SS have been modified according to needs and surgical approaches. From open surgeries to laparoscopy. From manual firing to electric devices. From two rows of staples in each side, to 3-row ones, always divided by the final blade section. To parallel lines, to alternate ones. From linear curling tissue compression to 3D improving innovation. However, there was no such evolution in the staple’s rows disposition. It has always been a simetric stapling, equal amount in each side of the section, even in resective techniques, such as Oncological Surgeries, and among Bariatric Surgery, Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) particularly. In fact, in these techniques, half of the staples are lost due to specimen extraction, while the exact quantity stays in the remaining tissue, wasting 50% of them. Objective: To assess and to demonstrate the non-inferiority of the new surgical stapling device Endrive ZERO, which provides a 4-row stapling in the remaining tissue, and a 2-row stapling in the resected one.

Methods
From February 2024 to June 2024, 56 patients undergoing SG were recruited with a minimum follow-up of 30 days. 46 were women. There were 6 surgeons participating in this study. Revisional Surgery cases were excluded. All of the procedures were performed with the new Endrive ZERO 60 mm, which provides a 4-row stapling in the remaining tissue, and a 2-row stapling in the resected one. All stapler loads were fired through a 15 mm supra-umbilical trocar, closed posteriorly with EndoClose system. Variables evaluated were Operative Time (OT) (in minutes), 30-day Complication Rate, Hospital Stay (in hours), Total Bleeding Loss (in ml), Analgesia Requirement (in Opiod-Equivalent Consumption) and Pain Management (Visual- Analogical Scale).

Results
Mean initial BMI was 38.7. Mean OT was 41.7 min. Hospital Stay was 24.5. The average of hemostatic clips needed was 1.3. No postoperative complications were reported within 30 days. No hemostatic reinforcement or buttressing material was needed. Average Opioid Consumption (morphine equivalent) was 3.75 mg. No incisional hernia cases were reported in any case. No re-admission nor mortality was registered.

Conclusion
The new Endrive ZERO stapler is safe and effective. Despite the low volume of patients recruited, this stapler seems promising in term of complication and mortality rates enhancement. Further studies with longer follow-up and higher volume are needed to confirm this preliminary report.
IBC Oxford University Oral Abstract 43 - Evaluation of weight loss after single anastomosis sleeve ileal bypass (SASI) and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB): a comparative study
Authors: Ahmed S Salem 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Sleeve Gastrectomy and RYGB are the most frequently performed bariatric procedures world-wide. OAGB is increasing in numbers, SASI bypass is a recently developed procedure, hoping with her to avoid the negative changes happening after the above-mentioned procedures. It is a malabsorptive procedure. One year follow up results obtained in terms of weight loss and the effect on comorbidities were compared between SASI and OAGB patients.

Patients and Methods
We collected our data prospectively from our clinic and formed two groups (Gr) of patients, Gr A: SASI, Gr B: OAGB (no randomization). Analysed variables were baseline and post-operative BMI, excess weight loss (EWL), pre and post-operative comorbidities up to 1 year.

Results
Gr A: between 2019–2022. we have performed 102 SASI operations. 96 (94%) patients available for follow up. GrB: included 120 OAGB patients, 112 P (93%) available for follow up. There were no significant differences in age, gender, comorbidities or anthropometric measurements preoperatively between both groups. follow up of 1 year We observed mild not significant differences in EWL in favor for OAGB, Diarehea, and post prandial abdominal pain less frequent, stool odor less bad in SASI Group. BMI post SASI decreased from 41 kg/m2 to 29 Kg/m2, Post OAGB from 40 kg/m2 to 28 Kg/m2), with EWL of 83%, and 86% respectively Diabetes Miletus type II (DM II), Hyperlipidaemia resolved in similar percentage in both groups. Iron deficiency anaemia and hypoalbuminaemia incidence were higher in Gr B.

Conclusions
SASI Bypass achieve superior results in terms of quality of life and comorbidity and results with significant and comparable EWL to OAGB