bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AML/MDS with 11q/MLL amplification show characteristic gene expression signature and interplay of DNA copy number changes
Authors: Zatkova Andrea , Merk Sylvia , Wendehack Melanie , Bilban Martin , Muzik Eva Maria , Muradyan Artur , Haferlach Claudia , Haferlach Torsten , Wimmer Katharina , Fonatsch Christa , Ullmann Reinhard 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAML/MDS patients carrying 11q amplifications involving the mixed lineage leukemia gene (MLL) locus are characterized by a complex aberrant karyotype (CAK) frequently including deletions within 5q, 17p, and 7q, older age and fast progression of the disease with extremely poor prognosis. MLL has been shown to be overexpressed in cases with 11q amplification. However, in most of the cases, the amplified region is not restricted to the MLL locus. In this study, we investigated 19 patients with AML/MDS and MLL gain/amplification. By means of array CGH performed in 12 patients, we were able to delineate the minimal deleted regions within 5q and 17p and identified three independent regions 11q/I‐III that were amplified in all cases. Gene expression profiles established in 15 cases were used to identify candidate genes within these regions. Notably, analysis of our data suggests a correlation of loss of 5q and 17p and expression of genes present in 11q23‐25. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the gene expression signature can be used to discriminate AML/MDS with MLL amplification from several other types of AML. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytochrome c oxidase isoform IV‐2 is involved in 3‐nitropropionic acid‐induced toxicity in striatal astrocytes
Authors: Singh Shilpee , Misiak Magdalena , Beyer Cordian , Arnold Susanne 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAstrocyte mitochondria play an important role for energy supply and neuronal survival in the brain. Toxic and degenerative processes are largely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. We, therefore, investigated the effect of 3‐nitropropionic acid (NPA), a mitochondrial toxin and in vitro model of Huntington's disease (HD), on mitochondrial function and viability of primary striatal astrocytes. Although NPA is known as an irreversible inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase, we observed an increase of astrocyte ATP levels after NPA treatment. This effect could be explained by NPA‐mediated alterations of cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV isoform (COX IV) expression. The up‐regulation of COX isoform IV‐2 caused an increased enzyme activity at the expense of elevated mitochondrial peroxide production causing increased cell death. The application of a small interfering RNA against COX IV‐2 revealed the causal implication of COX isoform IV‐2 in NPA‐mediated elevation of oxidative stress and necrotic cell death. Thus, we propose a novel, additional mechanism of NPA‐induced cell stress and death which is based on structural and functional changes of astrocyte COX and which could indirectly impair neuronal survival. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Microglia and neuropathic pain
Authors: Inoue Kazuhide , Tsuda Makoto 
Published: March 2009

AbstractIn contrast to physiological pain, pathological pain is not dependent on the presence of tissue‐damaging stimuli. One type of pathological pain—neuropathic pain—is often a consequence of nerve injury or of diseases such as diabetes, AIDS, or cancer. Neuropathic pain can be agonizing, can persist over long periods, and, unfortunately, is often resistant to known painkillers. There is a rapidly growing body of evidence indicating that microglia, the CNS immune cells, have causal roles in the pathogenesis of pain hypersensitivity following nerve injury. We will review recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms producing neuropathic pain, focusing on the roles of microglia‐expressed molecules, including cell surface receptors, intracellular signaling molecules, and diffusible factors involved in nerve injury‐induced pain behaviors and hyperexcitability of dorsal horn neurons. Elucidating how spinal microglia cause neuropathic pain may provide us with exciting insights into pain mechanisms and clues for developing new drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cell‐patterning using poly (ethylene glycol)‐modified magnetite nanoparticles
Authors: Akiyama Hirokazu , Ito Akira , Kawabe Yoshinori , Kamihira Masamichi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractDevelopment of cell‐patterning techniques is a major challenge for the construction of functional tissues and organs in tissue engineering. Recent progress in surface chemistry has enabled spatial control of cell adhesion onto cultural substrates by varying hydrophilicity, for example, by using poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG). In the present study, we developed a novel cell‐patterning procedure using PEG‐modified magnetite particles (PEG‐Mags) and magnetic force. Using an array‐patterned magnet, PEG‐Mags were magnetically patterned on the surface of a tissue culture dish. The resultant substrate surface consisted of two regions: the PEG‐Mag surface that acts as a cell‐resistant region and the native substrate surface that promotes cell adhesion. When human keratinocyte HaCaT cells were seeded onto the PEG‐Mag‐patterned surface, cells adhered only to the native substrate surface, resulting in cell‐patterning on the tissue culture dish. The patterned PEG‐Mags were then washed away to expose the native substrate surface, and thereafter, when mouse myoblast C2C12 cells were seeded to the dish, cells adhered to the exposed substrate surface, resulting in a patterned coculture of heterotypic cells. Moreover, it is worth noting that the magnetic force‐based cell‐patterning procedure is not limited by the property of cultural substrate surfaces, and that cell‐patterning of mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells on a monolayer of HaCaT cells was successfully achieved using PEG‐Mags and magnetic force. These results indicate that this procedure provides a novel concept for cell‐patterning and may be useful for tissue engineering and cell biology. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Development of the transgenic cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)‐expressing nude mouse for “Technicolor” cancer imaging
Authors: Tran Cao Hop S. , Reynoso Jose , Yang Meng , Kimura Hiroaki , Kaushal Sharmeela , Snyder Cynthia S. , Hoffman Robert M. , Bouvet Michael 
Published: March 2009

AbstractA major goal for in vivo biology is to develop models which can express multiple colors of fluorescent proteins in order to image many processes simultaneously in real time. Towards this goal, the cyan fluorescent protein (CFP) nude mouse was developed by crossing non‐transgenic nude mice with the transgenic CK/ECFP mouse in which the β‐actin promoter drives expression of CFP in almost all tissues. In crosses between nu/nu CFP male mice and nu/+ CFP female mice, approximately 50% of the embryos fluoresced blue. In the CFP nude mice, the pancreas and reproductive organs displayed the strongest fluorescent signals of all internal organs which vary in intensity. Orthotopic implantation of XPA‐1 human pancreatic cancer cells expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP); or green fluorescent protein (GFP) in the nucleus and RFP in the cytoplasm, was performed in female nude CFP mice. Color‐coded fluorescence imaging of these human pancreatic cancer cells implanted into the bright blue fluorescent pancreas of the CFP nude mouse afforded novel insight into the interaction of the pancreatic tumor and the normal pancreas, in particular the strong desmoplastic reaction of the tumor. The naturally enhanced blue fluorescence of the pancreas in the CFP mouse serves as an ideal background for color‐coded imaging of the interaction of implanted cancer cells and the host. The CFP nude mouse will provide unique understanding of the critical interplay between the cancer cells and their microenvironment. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 328–334, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinorotation upregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase by inhibiting AP‐1 activation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Wang Yong‐Chun , Zhang Shu , Du Ting‐Yuan , Wang Bing , Sun Xi‐Qing 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAlterations of nitric oxide contribute to post‐flight orthostatic intolerance. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and the mechanisms underlying regulation of iNOS by simulated microgravity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Clinorotation, a simulated‐model of microgravity, increased iNOS expression and promoter activity in HUVECs. The transactivations of NF‐κB and AP‐1 were suppressed by 24 h clinorotation. A key role for AP‐1, but not NF‐κB in the regulation of iNOS was shown. (1) PDTC, a NF‐κB inhibitor, had no effect on clinorotation upregulation of iNOS. (2) SP600125, a JNK‐specific inhibitor, which resulted in inhibition of AP‐1 activity, enhanced the iNOS expression and promoter activity in clinorotation. (3) Overexpression of AP‐1 remarkably attenuated the upregulation effect of clinorotation. These findings indicate that clinorotation upregulates iNOS in HUVECs by a mechanism dependent on suppression of AP‐1, but not NF‐κB. These results support a key role for AP‐1 in the signaling of postflight orthostatic intolerance. J. Cell. Biochem. 107: 357–363, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
c‐Abl modulates AICD dependent cellular responses: Transcriptional induction and apoptosis
Authors: Vázquez Mary C. , Vargas Lina M. , Inestrosa Nibaldo C. , Alvarez Alejandra R. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractAPP intracellular domain (AICD) has been proposed as a transcriptional inductor that moves to the nucleus with the adaptor protein Fe65 and regulates transcription. The two proteins, APP and Fe65, can be phosphorylated by c‐Abl kinase. Neprilysin has been proposed as a target gene for AICD. We found that AICD expression is decreased by treatment with STI‐571, a c‐Abl inhibitor, suggesting a modulation of AICD transcription by c‐Abl kinase. We observed interaction between c‐Abl kinase, the AICD fragment and the Fe65 adaptor protein. In addition, STI‐571 reduces apoptosis in APPSw, and the apoptotic response induced by Fe65 over‐expression was inhibited by with the expression of a kinase dead (KD) c‐Abl and enhanced by over‐expression of WT‐c‐Abl. However, in the APPSw cells, the ability of the KD‐c‐Abl to protect against Fe65 was reduced. Finally, in APPSw clone, we detected higher trans‐activation of the pro‐apoptotic p73 isoform, TAp73 promoter. Our results show that c‐Abl modulates AICD dependent cellular responses, transcriptional induction as well as the apoptotic response, which could participate in the onset and progression of the neurodegenerative pathology, observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD). J. Cell. Physiol. 220: 136–143, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Different expression of NR2B and PSD‐95 in rat hippocampal subregions during postnatal development
Authors: Chang Li‐Rong , Liu Jin‐Ping , Zhang Ning , Wang Yong‐Jun , Gao Xiu‐Lai , Wu Yan 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe different expressions of NR2 and synaptic‐associated proteins have been studied by protein and mRNA level with immunoblotting, in situ hybridization, or immunogold analysis. But the relationship between NR2 subunits and PSD‐95 family proteins is still controversial. In this study, we used immunofluorescent staining to assess NR2B and PSD‐95 expressions and the relationship between them in CA1, CA3, and DG of rat hippocampus on different postnatal day. In CA1, NR2B expression decreased with age. It was high at birth, reached a plateau at P4, and declined gradually after P7. In CA3, NR2B expression was similar to that in CA1. But the stratum lucidum was devoid of staining. In DG, the NR2B expression retained a higher level. From P0 to P2, the PSD‐95 expression in CA1 increased gently, and then declined slightly. After P7, the PSD‐95 expression increased sharply till P28, and decreased again. In CA3 and DG, the PSD‐95 expression is very similar except that low‐level of PSD‐95 was found in the CA3 stratum lucidum. The expression of NR2B did not correlate with that of PSD‐95 in CA1 and the DG granular and molecular layer. Only in CA3 and DG polymorphic layer, there was a negative correlation. The results suggested in hippocampal subregions, CA3 and DG may be more plastic than CA1.The NR2B and PSD‐95 expression have distinct regional and cell specific distribution. The different regional distribution pattern may relate to the different physiological functions during postnatal development. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
1,2,3,9‐Tetrahydro‐4H‐carbazol‐4‐one and 8,9‐dihydropyrido‐[1,2‐a]indol‐6(7H)‐one from 1H‐indole‐2‐butanoic acid
Authors: Bunce Richard A. , Nammalwar Baskar 
Published: March 2009

Abstract
magnified imageEfficient syntheses of the title ring systems have been developed from 1H‐indole‐2‐butanoic acid, which was easily prepared from 2‐fluoro‐1‐nitrobenzene in four steps. Heating 1H‐indole‐2‐butanoic acid in toluene containing p‐toluenesulfonic acid at 110°C furnished 1,2,3,9‐tetrahydro‐4H‐carbazol‐4‐one in 88% yield. Heating this same acid in toluene with no added acid gave 8,9‐dihydropyrido[1,2‐a]indol‐6(7H)‐one in 90% yield. The tetrahydro‐4H‐carbazol‐4‐one was also prepared directly in 92% yield from methyl 6‐(2‐nitrophenyl)‐5‐oxohexanoate by a tandem reduction—cycloaromatization—acylation reaction with iron in concentrated hydrochloric acid at 110°C. Application of this approach to the closure of five‐ and seven‐membered rings was also successful. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2009).
When superior courts reach different conclusions in the same child sexual abuse cases—is there a lesson to be learned?
Authors: Lindblad Frank , Lainpelto Katrin 
Published: March 2009

AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyse Swedish child sexual abuse cases from 1989 to 2004 characterised by the following: (1) conviction in first trial in a court of appeal; (2) the Supreme Court later accepted a petition for a new trial; and (3) acquittal in second trial in the same court of appeal (with new judges). The study was conducted to determine what criteria were used for evaluating psychological child‐related information and how they were applied. Eight argument themes were identified in the reasoning of the courts: (1) ability to perceive, remember, and communicate about experiences in a reliable way; (2) influence before first forensic interview; (3) influence during forensic interview/s; (4) motives for disclosing/retracting; (5) statement characteristics; (6) disclosure process; (7) behaviour and/or emotions related to investigations/interviews; and (8) psychological symptoms. The arguing of the courts was classified as belonging to one of three categories for each argument theme: (1) supporting/challenging the allegations; (2) opposing a conceivably supportive/challenging argument; and (3) indifferent. In six of the nine cases, arguments belonging to the same theme were presented in both court proceedings. Diametrically opposite conclusions were reached in 15 of 20 of these examples and same conclusion in one case. The evaluation method/s seemingly underlying the child psychological arguments of the courts may have a low reliability. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strain‐encoded MRI to evaluate normal left ventricular function and timing of contraction at 3.0 Tesla
Authors: Hamdan Ashraf , Thouet Thomas , Kelle Sebastian , Wellnhofer Ernst , Paetsch Ingo , Gebker Rolf , Schnackenburg Bernhard , Fahmy Ahmed S. , Osman Nael F. , Bornstedt Axel , Fleck Eckart 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo define the reproducibility of strain‐encoded (SENC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of regional left ventricular myocardial strain and timing of contraction in a 3T MRI system.Materials and MethodsThe study population consisted of 16 healthy subjects. SENC measurements were performed in three short‐axis (SA) slices (apical, mid, and basal) and three long‐axis (LA) views (two‐, three‐, and four‐chamber) for assessment of maximal transmural systolic strain and time to peak strain. To assess the interobserver and interstudy reproducibility, analysis of SENC MRI was performed by two independent observers who were blinded to each other's results and four studies were repeated on a different day.ResultsMaximal longitudinal strain was highest at the apex, as was maximal circumferential strain. Peak longitudinal strain occurred earliest at the base, as did peak circumferential strain. Interclass correlation coefficient between observers and repeated studies ranged from 0.92 to 0.98 (P < 0.001 for all).ConclusionThe present study demonstrates the ability of SENC MRI to define regional left ventricular strain and the time sequence of regional strain. SENC MRI may represent a highly objective method for quantifying regional left ventricular function. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:799–808. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of chondroblastic osteosarcoma: Gadolinium‐enhanced versus diffusion‐weighted MR imaging
Authors: Yakushiji Toshitake , Oka Kiyoshi , Sato Hiro , Yorimitsu Shigeta , Fujimoto Toru , Yamashita Yasuyuki , Mizuta Hiroshi 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo detect differences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between chondroblastic osteosarcoma and the other types of osteosarcomas or chondrosarcomas using gadolinium‐enhanced versus diffusion‐weighted sequences.Materials and MethodsContrast‐enhanced MRI and diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) were performed in five chondroblastic osteosarcoma (CO) cases, 17 other types of osteosarcomas (OS), and 18 chondrosarcomas (CS). DWI was obtained with a single‐shot echo‐planar imaging (EPI) sequence using a 1.5T MR imager. The apparent diffusion coefficients (ADCs) of the minimum and maximum values were also obtained. The contrast‐enhancement pattern was evaluated and minimum‐maximum ADC value of CO was compared with other types of OS and CS.ResultsBoth CO and CS showed a similar enhancement pattern; both showed septonodular and peripheral rim enhancement. The minimum ADC value of CO (1.24 ± 0.10 × 10−3mm2/sec) was significantly higher than that of other types of OS (0.84 ± 0.15 × 10−3mm2/sec) and was significantly lower than that of CS (1.64 ± 0.20 × 10−3mm2/sec). In addition, the maximum ADC value of CO (2.28 ± 0.20 × 10−3mm2/sec) was significantly higher than that of other types of OS (1.33 ± 0.26 × 10−3mm2/sec).ConclusionDWI appears to be more useful for differentiating between chondroblastic osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma or other types of osteosarcoma than Gd‐enhanced MRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:895–900. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Influence of myocardial fibrosis and blood oxygenation on heart T2* values in thalassemia patients
Authors: Meloni Antonella , Pepe Alessia , Positano Vincenzo , Favilli Brunella , Maggio Aurelio , Capra Marcello , Lo Pinto Carmela , Gerardi Calogera , Santarelli Maria Filomena , Midiri Massimo , Landini Luigi , Lombardi Massimo 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether T2* measurements quantifying myocardial iron overload in thalassemia patients are influenced by myocardial fibrosis and blood oxygenation.Materials and MethodsMultislice multiecho T2* was performed in 94 thalassemia patients in order to quantify myocardial iron overload. The left ventricle was automatically segmented into a 16‐segment standardized heart model, and the T2* value on each segment as well as the global T2* were calculated. Delayed enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance (DE‐CMR) images were obtained to detect myocardial fibrosis. The blood oxygenation was assessed by the noninvasive measurement of partial pressure of oxygen (pO2).ResultsMyocardial fibrosis was detected in 31 patients (33%). The global T2* value in patients with fibrosis was comparable with that of patients without fibrosis (P = 0.88) and T2* values in segments with fibrosis were comparable with those in segments without fibrosis (P = 0.83). The global T2* value was not correlated with the pO2 (Spearman's coefficient of correlation = 0.99).ConclusionMyocardial fibrosis and blood oxygenation did not significantly affect the T2* values. These data further support the use of heart T2* as equivalent of heart iron in the clinical arena. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:832–837. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gadolinium‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging for renovascular disease and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis: Critical review of the literature and UK experience
Authors: Chrysochou Constantina , Buckley David L. , Dark Paul , Cowie Alistair , Kalra Philip A. 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo examine the positive reporting bias regarding the link with gadolinium (Gd) exposure and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with renal impairment. This link has impacted strongly the international radiology safety guidelines. We believe that positive reporting bias has prevailed in the literature and that very few patients with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 15–29 mL/min (stage 4 chronic kidney disease [CKD]) should be regarded as high risk.Materials and MethodsTo examine this, we conducted the following steps: 1. A critical literature search on NSF. 2. An analysis of our centers magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) experience since 1999. 3. A survey of participating centers of the multicenter ASTRAL trial to assess whether any patients screened or enrolled into ASTRAL had developed NSF.ResultsThe vast majority (90%) of NSF cases reported in the literature have occurred in patients with endstage renal disease treated with dialysis; very have had stable stage 4 or 5 (nondialysis) CKD. In all, 562 patients were followed up at our center: 30.4% were CKD4, 14.4% CKD5, 5.3% on dialysis, and 0.2% had renal transplants when imaged. No patients developed any symptoms or signs of NSF. In all, 347 patients were enrolled into ASTRAL on the basis of MRA (32% CKD4/5). One patient out of 45 centers (CKD5, received two Gd scans) developed NSF. Approximately 5 times as many patients were screened as were entered into ASTRAL.ConclusionNo cases of NSF were observed at our center. By extrapolation, 1/1735 patients screened for the ASTRAL trial developed NSF, giving a crude incidence rate of 0.06%. We would argue that patients with CKD4 can safely undergo Gd‐MRA, albeit using a minimal dose of a macrocyclic agent and avoiding repeat doses. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:887–894. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
High‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging with inner field‐of‐view EPI
Authors: Finsterbusch Jürgen 
Published: March 2009

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the applicability of inner field‐of‐view (FOV) echo‐planar imaging based on spatially two‐dimensional selective radiofrequency excitations to high‐resolution diffusion tensor imaging.Materials and MethodsDiffusion tensor imaging of inner FOVs with in‐plane resolutions of 0.90 × 0.90 mm2 and 0.50 × 0.50 mm2 was performed in the human brain and cervical spinal cord on a 3 T whole‐body MR system.ResultsUsing inner FOVs reduces geometric distortions in echo‐planar imaging and allows for an improved in‐plane resolution. Some of the crossings of transverse pontine fibers with the pyramidal tracts in the brainstem could be resolved, increased diffusion anisotropy and fiber orientation could be identified in cerebellar white matter, and the reduced diffusion anisotropy of spinal cord gray matter could be detected.ConclusionInner FOV echo‐planar imaging may help to improve the spatial resolution and thus the accuracy of diffusion anisotropy and white matter fiber orientation measurements in the human central nervous system. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;29:987–993. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.