bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovering Drug Slang on Social Media: A Word2Vec Approach with Reddit Data
Authors: Holbrook Eric , Wiskur Brandt , Nagykaldi Zsolt 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The ongoing opioid crisis in the United States, which resulted in more than 80,000 deaths in 2021, underscores the critical need for innovative approaches to monitoring and intervention. Social media platforms like Reddit provide timely and dynamic community conversations on drug use patterns, offering enhanced perspectives that can circumvent time constraints associated with traditional data collection methods.
Methods
Utilizing the Gensim Python library and its Word2Vec neural network model, this study developed an autoencoder neural network, enabling the innovative analysis of drug-related discussions downloaded from the Reddit website. This innovative approach enabled the discovery of nuanced, context-specific opioid slang that is difficult for traditional methods to identify, providing a more robust and nuanced picture of substance use dynamics.
Results
The incorporation of slang terms into the Reddit analysis was instrumental in expanding the dataset by 200,000 specific mentions of opioid drugs, effectively doubling the dataset and revealing significant overlaps between opioid and other drug category discussions. This analysis unveiled a broader trend of polysubstance abuse, a crucial insight for developing targeted public health interventions. These findings underscore the improved detection capabilities that the Word2Vec approach brings, significantly enhancing traditional methods and enabling near real-time surveillance of drug abuse trends.
Conclusions
This research is a significant step in public health surveillance, expanding the known lexicon of drug-related terms and demonstrating a novel application of neural networks in this field. By automating the detection of slang, this method offers substantial improvements in the speed and accuracy of drug trend analysis and monitoring, marking a substantial stride in combating the opioid crisis through technology-driven solutions. The approach enhances understanding of current trends and sets a precedent for rapid, adaptable public health responses in the face of evolving challenges.
Influence of binding agent on the cutting performance and wear characteristics of catalytic composite abrasive cluster
Authors: Ding Yangyang , Wang Zhankui , Huang Shangci , Liu Kuncheng , Feng Wei , Pang Minghua , Chen Jiapeng , Su Jianxiu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To improve the polishing efficiency and process stability of catalytic composite abrasive clusters (CCAC), the CCAC containing different binding agent ratios were investigated in this study. Five groups of CCAC with different binding agent ratios were prepared for friction chemical polishing (FCP) of silicon carbide (SiC) respectively. Based on material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (Ra) as evaluation metrics, the polishing performance of five groups of CCAC were compared. Subsequently, wear experiments were carried out by the block-shaped CCAC (the diameter is 1.6mm) and the single crystal diamond (SCD) abrasives with the same particle size. The friction coefficient and the cross-sectional area of the worn area were measured to evaluate the effect of binding agent content on the performance of continuous cutting and the tribological properties of the abrasive. The experimental results showed that the proportion of binding agent in CCAC directly affects the processing performance of abrasives. When the proportion of binding agent in the abrasive is 25%, the CCAC has highest machining efficiency (MRR reaches 330.535 nm/min) and better surface roughness (Ra reaches 22.741 nm). This study provides certain theoretical guidance for achieving efficient polishing of SiC wafers.
Using net-zero carbon debt to track climate overshoot responsibility
Authors: Pelz Setu , Ganti Gaurav , Lamboll Robin , Grant Luke , Pachauri Shonali , Rogelj Joeri , Riahi Keywan , Thiery Wim , Gidden Matthew J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Current emissions trends are likely to deplete a 1.5°C consistent carbon budget soon after the year 2030, resulting in a period of overshoot. To navigate responsibilities for and during this period we contrast ‘fair’ allocations of a remaining carbon budget with projected carbon emissions trends until net-zero. We term this measure the ‘net-zero carbon debt’, or the expected overconsumption of a ‘fair’ allocation in the year a party achieves net-zero carbon emissions. The ‘net-zero carbon debt’ measure thus provides an estimate today of a party’s expected responsibility for climate overshoot under certain considerations of fairness. We apply this measure to assess all vetted mitigation scenarios evaluated in the IPCC’s sixth assessment report and two bespoke scenarios that assess current policies and net-zero targets, considering the equal per capita allocation of a remaining 1.5°C carbon budget from the year 1990. The resulting regional net-zero carbon debt quantifications are used to determine regional: i) responsibility for overshoot, ii) exceedance drawdown obligations, and iii) increase in extreme climate exposure if drawdown does not occur. Our work generates a new domestic signal from a typically international climate equity discourse and can inform the operationalization of intergenerational and interregional effort sharing mechanisms that persist beyond exhaustion of a remaining carbon budget.
Bring Retrieval Augmented Generation to Google Gemini via External API: An Evaluation with BIG-Bench Dataset
Authors: Lee Ha-rin , Kim Seo-hyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The integration of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) into existing large language models represents a significant shift towards more dynamic and context-aware AI systems. In this work, Google Gemini, a state-of-the-art language model, has been enhanced with RAG capabilities to leverage external, real-time data sources during the response generation process. This augmentation aims to address traditional limitations of language models, particularly in generating responses that require up-to-date information and adaptability to complex user queries. The performance of the RAG-enhanced Google Gemini was rigorously evaluated using the BIG-Bench dataset, which includes tasks designed to test the bounds of language models in terms of reasoning, contextuality, and factual accuracy. Quantitative results from this evaluation demonstrate marked improvements in accuracy and contextual relevance across various tasks, indicating the effectiveness of RAG in enhancing model performance. Qualitative assessments further support these findings, highlighting the model’s improved ability to generate precise and relevant responses. However, the integration of RAG also introduces challenges related to computational efficiency and scalability, emphasizing the need for further optimization. This paper discusses potential future research directions, including the application of RAG to other datasets, exploration of different RAG configurations, and the development of more sophisticated data handling techniques to enhance the model’s performance and applicability. The ongoing advancement of RAG technologies promises to significantly broaden the utility of AI-driven systems in real-world applications, making them more adaptable and useful across diverse and dynamic scenarios.
Dynamics of legal regulation of exemptions in the payment and calculation of land fees in the conditions of martial law on the basis of judicial practice
Authors: Harkusha Vladyslav 
Published: May 2024

The relevance of the research topic is stipulated by the new challenges faced by our country in connection with the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine and the need to adapt the legal regulation of land payment in terms of its calculation and payment during the period of martial law. The purpose of the article is to trace the dynamics of legal regulation of land payment during martial law, and to review the current case law of both national courts regarding the resolution of disputes on the cancellation of a tax assessment notice and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights in terms of determining the conceptual foundations for the construction of legal provisions. The study of the issue of payment and accrual of land payment is of both applied and theoretical nature, since violation of the means and rules of rule-making technique leads to tax disputes. The analysis of legal constructions of the Tax Code of Ukraine and other regulatory legal acts made it possible to identify problems in the regulation of land payment, which consist in violation of the rule of law principle provided for by the Constitution of Ukraine. The Constitutional Court of Ukraine has defined the principles of legal certainty and legal predictability as components of the rule of law. The inconsistency of the provisions of the Tax Code of Ukraine and bylaws has led to a dual interpretation of their rights and obligations by taxpayers and controlling authorities. The author analyzes the positions of the controlling authorities in terms of amendments to the regulation of the calculation and payment of tax liabilities for taxation of land plots located in the temporarily occupied territories or in the territories where military operations are (were) conducted.
Effluent quality improvement in sequencing batch reactor-based wastewater treatment processes using advanced control strategies
Authors: Dey Indranil , Ambati Seshagiri Rao , Bhos Prashant Navnath , Sonawane Shirish , Pilli Sridhar 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTThe treatment of wastewater is highly challenging due to large fluctuations in flowrates, pollutants, and variable influent water compositions. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and modified SBR cycle-step-feed process (SSBR) configuration are studied in this work to effectively treat municipal wastewater while simultaneously removing nitrogen and phosphorus. To control the amount of dissolved oxygen in an SBR, three axiomatic control strategies (proportional integral (PI), fractional proportional integral (FPI), and fuzzy logic controllers) are presented. Relevant control algorithms have been designed using plant data with the models of SBR and SSBR based on ASM2d framework. On comparison, FPI showed a significant reduction in nutrient levels and added an improvement in effluent quality. The overall effluent quality is improved by 0.86% in FPI in comparison with PI controller. The SSBR, which was improved by precisely optimizing nutrient supply and aeration, establishes a delicate equilibrium. This refined method reduces oxygen requirements while reliably sustaining important biological functions. Focusing solely on the FPI controller's performance in terms of total air volume consumption, the step-feed SBR mechanism achieves an excellent 11.04% reduction in consumption.
Emerging contaminants in water environments: progress, evolution, and prospects
Authors: Wang Ruiqi , Tang Huanchen , Yang Ruitao , Zhang Jingduo 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
This article employs bibliometric tools like VOSviewer, Bibliometrix, and CiteSpace for a comprehensive visual analysis of 1,612 documents on Emerging Contaminants in Waters from the Web of Science database. The objective is to elucidate the historical development, research hotspots, and trends in international studies of this field, offering valuable insights and guidance for future research directions. The analysis reveals a consistent increase in publications from 2003 to 2023, with the United States, China, and Spain being the most prolific contributors. A detailed examination of keyword co-occurrence and cluster analysis shows a predominant focus on themes such as pollutant detection, risk assessment, and biogeochemical cycling. Furthermore, the study underscores the significance of forming interdisciplinary networks among authors and institutions, highlighting its critical role in enhancing the quality and innovation of scientific research. The findings of this study not only chart the progression and focal points of research in this domain but also underscore the pivotal role of international collaboration, serving as an indispensable reference for shaping future research trajectories and fostering global cooperation.
LncRNA LINC00466 Promotes the Progression of Breast Cancer via miR-4731-5p/EPHA2 Pathway
Authors: Han Xue , Shi Fan , Guo Shujun , Li Yao , Wang Hongtao , Song Chuanwang , Wu Shiwu 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Breast Cancer (BC) is a female malignancy with a high mortality rate.
Novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are valuable for reducing BC mortality. Our study
is designed to undrape the precise role of the LINC00466/miR-4731-5p/EPHA2 axis in BC.

Methods:
The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) sequencing dataset was utilized to compare the
levels of LINC00466. The levels of LINC00466, miR-4731-5p, and EPHA2 were tested by qRTPCR.
Cell proliferation and cycle were detected by CCK-8 assay and flow cytometer. In vivo
role of LINC00466 was tested by Xenograft nude models. Binding sites were predicted by TargetScan
and Starbase. The binding relationship was employed by Dual-luciferase reporter gene
assay and RNA pull-down assay.

Results:
LINC00466 was increased in human breast cancer tissues. LINC00466 was negatively
associated with miR-4731-5p and positively correlated with EPHA2 in human breast cancer
tissues. Down-regulation of LINC00466 suppressed the proliferation and arrested the cell cycle
of breast cancer cells, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo.

Conclusion:
LINC00466 promoted BC development via mediating the miR-4731-5p/EPHA2
axis, which has the potential value as a promising therapeutic target in BC.
Global and Local Ancestry and its Importance: A Review
Authors: Goli Rangasai Chandra , Chishi Kiyevi G. , Ganguly Indrajit , Singh Sanjeev , Dixit S.P. , Rathi Pallavi , Diwakar Vikas , C Chandana Sree , Limbalkar Omkar Maharudra , Sukhija Nidhi , Kanaka K.K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
The fastest way to significantly change the composition of a population is through admixture,
an evolutionary mechanism. In animal breeding history, genetic admixture has provided
both short-term and long-term advantages by utilizing the phenomenon of complementarity and
heterosis in several traits and genetic diversity, respectively. The traditional method of admixture
analysis by pedigree records has now been replaced greatly by genome-wide marker data that enables
more precise estimations. Among these markers, SNPs have been the popular choice since
they are cost-effective, not so laborious, and automation of genotyping is easy. Certain markers
can suggest the possibility of a population's origin from a sample of DNA where the source individual
is unknown or unwilling to disclose their lineage, which are called Ancestry-Informative
Markers (AIMs). Revealing admixture level at the locus-specific level is termed as local ancestry
and can be exploited to identify signs of recent selective response and can account for genetic
drift. Considering the importance of genetic admixture and local ancestry, in this mini-review,
both concepts are illustrated, encompassing basics, their estimation/identification methods, tools/-
software used and their applications.
Iron(III) Monoglycerolate: A Potential Hemostatic Agent for Topical Application
Authors: Khonina Tat’yana G. , Safronov Alexander P. , Bulatova Maria A. , Larionov Leonid P. , Antropova Irina P. , Dobrinskaya Maria N. , Izmozherova Nadezhda V. , Tishin Denis S. , Alekseenko Semyon G. , Bogdanova Ekaterina A. , Karabanalov Maxim S. , Chupakhin Oleg N. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Glycerolates of biogenic elements are of interest because of their pharmacological
activity. Some of them are used as active substances in agents for topical application
and as biocompatible precursors in sol-gel synthesis of bioactive materials.

Objective:
In this work, morphostructural feature, ability to hydrolyze, and the pharmacological
activity of previously synthesized iron(III) monoglycerate were studied.

Methods:
Analytical techniques, including SEM, TEM, XRD, TGA, IR spectroscopy, DLS and
ELS, were used. Hemostatic activity was studied in vivo, and primary toxicological studies were
carried out on experimental animals. Antimicrobial activity was studied using the agar diffusion
method.

Results:
When dispersed in glycerol, solid crystalline iron(III) monoglycerolate transforms into
an amorphous state, forming aggregates with an average particle size of 250 nm (according to
DLS data). It slowly hydrolyzes in water at room temperature, while hydrolysis does not take
place in an aqueous glycerol media. Iron(III) monoglycerolate is nontoxic and exhibits pronounced
hemostatic activity and low antibacterial activity (relative to the strain S. аureus).

Conclusion:
Iron(III) monoglycerolate can be considered a potential hemostatic agent, showing
promise for topical application in medical and veterinary practice, as well as a novel biocompatible
precursor in the sol-gel synthesis of practically useful substances.
An Improved Multi-point Chord Reference Measurement Device and
Error Correction Method for Corrugation Measuring in Sharp Curves
Authors: Lv Wenqing , Yao Huiming 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The traditional chord reference method and its device have faced challenges
matching the sharp curve track. Thus, it is of utmost importance to research and develop a measurement
device and method that can obtain accurate and comprehensive information regarding rail
running band corrugation.

Aims:
It provides a solution for the measurement of the multi-point chord reference method on
sharply curved rails and, at the same time, meets the demand for data richness and accuracy in theoretical
studies on the causes of rail corrugation and wheel-rail contact relationships.

Objective:
This paper aims to research and design a measurement device based on the multi-point
chord reference method for the rail running band corrugation. Meanwhile, the error in measuring
the sharp curve rail is corrected and verified by simulation.

Methods:
The lateral information of rail running band is obtained by using a line laser profile sensor;
the rail corrugation measurement model and error correction model of the rail running band area
are established based on multi-point reference system; the simulation of the system model is carried
out using Matlab; and the mechanical structure is built for static testing.

Results:
The measurement model based on the profile sensor and multi-point chord reference system
can accurately obtain the rail corrugation waveform of any longitudinal measurement line in
the running band area. The measurement results can be accurately corrected for a radius of 200m-
400m, the error parameters can be effectively improved, and the mechanical mechanism of the
measurement system runs stably.

Conclusion:
The results show that the measurement model can accurately measure the rail corrugation
of the sharp curve section, and the multi-waveform in the rail running band area has good
measurement performance, but the mechanical structure can be optimized and improved in the light
weight.
Long-Term Implicit Epigenetic Stress Information in the Enteric Nervous
System and its Contribution to Developing and Perpetuating IBS
Authors: Noemi Császár-Nagy , Bob Petr , Bókkon István 
Published: May 2024

:
Psychiatric and mood disorders may play an important role in the development and persistence
of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Previously, we hypothesized that stress-induced implicit
memories may persist throughout life via epigenetic processes in the enteric nervous system (ENS),
independent of the central nervous system (CNS). These epigenetic memories in the ENS may contribute
to developing and perpetuating IBS. Here, we further elaborate on our earlier hypothesis. That
is, during pregnancy, maternal prenatal stresses perturb the HPA axis and increase circulating cortisol
levels, which can affect the maternal gut microbiota. Maternal cortisol can cross the placental barrier
and increase cortisol-circulating levels in the fetus. This leads to dysregulation of the HPA axis, affecting
the gut microbiota, microbial metabolites, and intestinal permeability in the fetus. Microbial metabolites,
such as short-chain fatty acids (which also regulate the development of fetal ENS), can modulate
a range of diseases by inducing epigenetic changes. These mentioned processes suggest that
stress-related, implicit, long-term epigenetic memories may be programmed into the fetal ENS during
pregnancy. Subsequently, this implicit epigenetic stress information from the fetal ENS could be conveyed
to the CNS through the bidirectional microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), leading to perturbed
functional connectivity among various brain networks and the dysregulation of affective and pain processes.
Intention to Use Mobile-Based Partograph and Its Predictors Among Obstetric Health Care Providers Working at Public Referral Hospitals in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia in 2022: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Tilahun Kefyalew Naniye , Adem Jibril Bashir , Atinafu Wabi Temesgen , Walle Agmasie Damtew , Mengestie Nebyu Demeke , Birhanu Abraham Yeneneh 
Published: May 2024

Background
A partograph is a pictorial representation of the relationship between cervical dilatation and the time used to diagnose prolonged and obstructed labor. However, the utilization of paper-based partograph is low and it is prone to documentation errors, which can be avoided with the use of electronic partographs. There is only limited information on the proportion of intention to use mobile-based partographs and its predictors.

Objective
The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of obstetric health care providers at public referral hospitals in Oromia, Ethiopia, in 2022 who had the intention to use mobile-based partographs and to determine the predictors of their intention to use mobile-based partographs.

Methods
We performed an institution-based cross-sectional study from June 1 to July 1, 2022. Census was conducted on 649 participants. A self-administered structured English questionnaire was used, and a 5% pretest was performed. Data were entered into EpiData version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for descriptive analysis and AMOS (analysis of moment structure; version 23) for structural and measurement model assessment. Descriptive and structural equation modeling analyses were performed. The hypotheses developed based on a modified Technology Acceptance Model were tested using path coefficients and P values <.05.

Results
About 65.7% (414/630; 95% CI 61.9%-69.4%) of the participants intended to use mobile-based electronic partographs, with a 97% (630/649) response rate. Perceived usefulness had a positive influence on intention to use (β=.184; P=.02) and attitude (β=.521; P=.002). Perceived ease of use had a positive influence on attitude (β=.382; P=.003), perceived usefulness (β=.503; P=.002), and intention to use (β=.369; P=.001). Job relevance had a positive influence on perceived usefulness (β=.408; P=.001) and intention to use (β=.185; P=.008). Attitude positively influenced intention to use (β=.309; P=.002). Subjective norms did not have a significant influence on perceived usefulness (β=.020; P=.61) and intention to use (β=–.066; P=.07).

Conclusions
Two-thirds of the obstetric health care providers in our study intended to use mobile-based partographs. Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, job relevance, and attitude positively and significantly influenced their intention to use mobile-based electronic partographs. The development of a user-friendly mobile-based partograph that meets job and user expectations can enhance the intention to use.