bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of patient-reported global assessment measures in clinical trials of chronic pain treatments: ACTTION systematic review and considerations
Authors: Langford Dale J. , Mark Remington P. , France Fallon O. , Nishtar Mahd , Park Meghan , Sharma Sonia , Shklyar Isabel C. , Schnitzer Thomas J. , Conaghan Philip G. , Amtmann Dagmar , Reeve Bryce B. , Turk Dennis C. , Dworkin Robert H. , Gewandter Jennifer S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Establishing clinically meaningful changes in pain experiences remains important for clinical trials of chronic pain treatments. Regulatory guidance and pain measurement initiatives have recommended including patient-reported global assessment measures (eg, Patient-Global Impression of Change [PGIC]) to aid interpretation of within-patient differences in domain-specific clinical trial outcomes (eg, pain intensity). The objectives of this systematic review were to determine the frequency of global assessment measures inclusion, types of measures, domains assessed, number and types of response options, and how measures were analyzed. Of 4172 abstracts screened across 6 pain specialty journals, we reviewed 96 clinical trials of chronic pain treatments. Fifty-two (54.2%) studies included a global assessment measure. The PGIC was most common (n = 28; 53.8%), with relatively infrequent use of other measures. The majority of studies that used a global assessment measure (n = 31; 59.6%) assessed change or improvement in an unspecified domain. Others assessed overall condition severity (n = 9; 17.3%), satisfaction (n = 8; 15.4%), or overall health status/recovery (n = 5; 9.6%). The number, range, and type of response options were variable and frequently not reported. Response options and reference periods even differed within the PGIC. Global assessment measures were most commonly analyzed as continuous variables (n = 24; 46.2%) or as dichotomous variables with positive categories combined to calculate the proportion of participants with a positive response to treatment (n = 18; 34.6%). This review highlights the substantial work necessary to clarify measurement and use of patient global assessment in chronic pain trials and provides short- and long-term considerations for measure selection, reporting and analysis, and measure development.
Hospital Based Violence Intervention Programs Using Peer Support Specialists: A Concise Review
Authors: Webb Lakyn , Urban Kelly , Capps Natalie 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Interpersonal violence remains a significant public health problem in the United States. The toll of violence has spurred the development of hospital-based violence intervention programs that use peer support specialists or navigators. Yet, their effectiveness remains uncertain. This study aims to concisely review the recent literature on the effectiveness of hospital-based violence intervention programs using the peer support specialist role.

METHODS:
A systematic search of articles from PubMed, OVID, and Google Scholar was performed for this review. Peer reviewed studies addressing hospital-based violence intervention programs using peer support specialists between 2017 and 2022 were selected. Key data points were extracted and analyzed by consensus of the authors.

RESULTS:
Eight of the 232 studies reviewed met eligibility requirements. Across these studies, the recidivism rate was reduced between 43% and 95% in victims participating in hospital-based violence intervention programs with peer support specialists.

CONCLUSION:
The peer support specialist (navigator) role is central to the success of the violence intervention programs. This role guides and coordinates health services for victims of violence, extending after discharge into the community. Programs showed the most success with helping victims reach short-term goals focused on immediate basic needs but are more challenged meeting longer-term goals, such as education or relocation. This review reveals that hospital-based violence intervention programs using peer support specialists (navigators) lead to the achievement of meeting victim goals and reduce recidivism rates.
Genetic Assessment of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm for Predicting Concomitant Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Oi Hideyuki , Hozaka Yuto , Akahane Toshiaki , Fukuda Kosuke , Idichi Tetsuya , Tanoue Kiyonori , Yamasaki Yoichi , Kawasaki Yota , Mataki Yuko , Kurahara Hiroshi , Higashi Michiyo , Tanimoto Akihide , Ohtsuka Takao 
Published: May 2024

Objective
The role of Krüppel-like transcription factor 4 (KLF4) mutations in IPMNs with concomitant pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. This study clarified the rate and effect of KLF4 mutations in IPMN with concomitant PDAC.

Materials and Methods
DNA was extracted from 65 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded samples from 52 patients including 13 IPMNs with concomitant PDAC and 39 IPMNs alone. A comprehensive screening using next-generation sequencing and then targeted sequencing for KLF4, GNAS, and KRAS mutations were performed.

Results
In next-generation sequencing screening, KRAS mutations were observed in all samples except for one, GNAS mutation in 2 IPMNs with concomitant PDAC, and a KLF4 mutation in 1 IPMN with concomitant PDAC. Targeted sequence detected KLF4 mutations in 11 of the 52 IPMNs. Concomitant PDAC developed only in the nonintestinal, noninvasive, and branch-duct IPMNs, and KLF4 mutations were more frequent in this IPMN type than in the other type. For this IPMN type with KLF4 mutation, PDAC-prediction sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 63%, 82%, and 79%, respectively.

Conclusion
For selected IPMNs with nonintestinal, noninvasive, and branch-duct, genetic assessment might be helpful for predicting the possible development of concomitant PDAC, although a prospective validation study using a larger study population is needed.
Landau–Kleffner syndrome (LKS) in an 8-year-old girl: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Salahaldin Mohammed M. , Shehadeh Mohammad Hakam , Abu Keshek Abdullah , Abdullah Tala Watheq , Abueita Hany 
Published: May 2024

Introduction and importance:
Landau–Kleffner syndrome (LKS) is a rare epileptic encephalopathy characterized by language regression and abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. This case report highlights the importance of early recognition and intervention in LKS, as well as the challenges in diagnosis and management due to its varied clinical manifestations.

Case presentation:
An 8-year-old girl presented with delayed speech, suspected hearing loss, and regression in language skills. Diagnostic tests revealed mild sensorineural hearing loss and EEG abnormalities consistent with LKS. The patient underwent speech therapy and received pharmacological treatment with valproic acid, resulting in significant improvements in language function.

Clinical discussion:
This case report provides insights into the typical features of LKS, including language regression and EEG abnormalities. It also highlights uncommon findings such as sensorineural hearing loss and mild intellectual delay. The multidisciplinary approach involving neurology, audiology, speech therapy, and education is crucial in the diagnosis and management of LKS.

Conclusion:
Early recognition and intervention, along with tailored pharmacological approaches and a multidisciplinary care approach, are essential in managing LKS. Further research is needed to better understand the pathophysiology, natural history, and optimal treatment of LKS, aiming to improve long-term outcomes for affected children and their families.
Teicoplanin in peritoneal dialysis: efficacy, safety, and pharmacological considerations
Authors: Kalluru Pavan Kumar Reddy Kalluru , Gundakaram Samhitha , Mamilla Mahesh , Yartha Sai Goutham Reddy , Dabbara Sagar , Lingam Sai Teja , Gugulothu Kalyan Naik , Gangannapalle Mahesh , Thada Pawan Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a vital treatment modality for renal failure patients, facilitating the removal of excess fluid and unwanted substances. However, peritonitis, a significant complication experienced by PD patients, necessitates careful selection of antibiotics to ensure successful treatment. Commonly used antibiotics in PD patients, such as cephalosporins and glycopeptides like vancomycin, have been associated with undesirable side effects and high failure rates. In response to these challenges, teicoplanin, a novel glycopeptide antibiotic, has gained attention due to its similar range of activity to vancomycin, extended half-life, reduced side effects, and improved elimination. The objective of this study is to comprehensively review the efficacy, mechanism of action, adverse effects, and pharmacological benefits of teicoplanin in peritoneal dialysis patients. Our research involved an extensive review of 21 articles from reputable databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The data extracted from these studies was meticulously evaluated to comprehensively understand teicoplanin’s clinical profile in this specific patient population. Major findings of these studies are that glycopeptide-based regimens have higher cure rates over first-generation cephalosporins or fluoroquinolones, and teicoplanin demonstrated several advantages over vancomycin, such as a higher therapeutic index, good tolerance, longer half-life, lower rates of nephrotoxicity, improved elimination while being equally effective. Teicoplanin is typically administered to peritoneal dialysis patients with a loading dose of 400 mg, aiming to achieve a trough concentration of 10–15 mg/dl. Teicoplanin’s improved tolerability and lack of regular serum level monitoring requirements make it a promising alternative to traditional antibiotics for clinical use.
Reducing Undue Burden on Nurses Related to Limited Care Partner Visitation
Authors: Zachmann Sara , Peele Chana , Santhin Katelin , Alisch Anna , Mannello Michael , Emilio Carinna , Whalen Madeleine 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this article was to report best practices for reducing undue burden on nurses related to limited care partner visitation.

BACKGROUND
Care partners are beneficial to hospitalized patients. Restricted care partner visitation not only impacts patients and care partners but also affects nurses.

METHODS
Using the Johns Hopkins Evidence-Based Practice model, best practices for reducing nurse burden during periods of restricted visitation were evaluated.

RESULTS
Best practices include evidence-based visiting policies, technology to facilitate communication, creation of a communication liaison role or team, and communication skills training for nurses.

CONCLUSIONS
Nursing leaders should proactively prevent the harmful impact that visitor restrictions have on nurses.
Understanding Pediatric Physical Therapists’ Experiences With Middle Eastern Patients and Arabic Interpreters: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Woodberry Natalie , Bogard Connie , Cropsey Maegan , DeTemple Naomi , Oster Allison , Rindflesch Aaron 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to explore pediatric physical therapists’ (PTs’) experiences including successes, challenges, and barriers with cross-cultural communication with Arabic-speaking Middle Eastern children and their families who require interpreter services.

Methods:
Eight PTs consented to participate in qualitative dyadic interviews. Transcription and interviews were conducted virtually in Microsoft Teams. Quality criteria included member checking for validity and trustworthiness and bracketing to minimize investigator bias. Inductive thematic analysis was used to identify meaning units and major themes.

Results:
The 6 themes that emerged were: fostering therapeutic relationships, practicing culturally sensitive care, communicating intentionally, experiencing successes, recognizing challenges, and tailoring a physical therapy plan of care. Representative quotations support each theme.

Conclusions:
Therapists perceive their experiences with Arabic-speaking children, families, and interpreters positively despite challenges related to cultural and language barriers. In sharing their experiences, therapists demonstrated self-reflection, openness to learning, and desire to build strong therapeutic alliances.
ZO-1 Serum Levels as a Potential Biomarker for Psychotic Disorder
Authors: Aydogan Avşar Pinar , Akkuş Merve 
Published: May 2024

Objective
There are limited studies in the literature on the relationship between intestinal and blood-brain barrier permeability and the etiology of schizophrenia. We hypothesized that the difference in serum ZO-1 levels in patients with schizophrenia may affect the severity of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of changes in serum ZO-1 concentrations in the etiopathogenesis of patients with schizophrenia.

Methods
A total of 46 patients, 34 with schizophrenia, 12 with a first psychotic attack, and 37 healthy controls, were included in the study. Symptom severity was determined by applying the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Clinical Global Impression–Severity Scale. Serum ZO-1 levels were measured from venous blood samples.

Results
Serum ZO-1 levels were higher in patients with psychotic disorder compared to healthy controls. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the first psychotic attack group and the schizophrenia patients. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum ZO-1 levels and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale positive symptom score.

Conclusions
These findings regarding ZO-1 levels suggest that dysregulation of the blood-brain barrier in psychotic disorder may play a role in the etiology of the disorder.
Metronidazole-Induced Encephalopathy With Probable Crohn Encephalitis: A Case Report
Authors: Klevor Raymond , Jarti Mariama , Chraa Mohamed , Louhab Nissrine , Krati Khadija , Kissani Najib 
Published: May 2024

Objectives
Metronidazole central nervous system toxicity is a rare finding in patients receiving the medication. We report a peculiar case of metronidazole central nervous system toxicity in which both the underlying condition (Crohn disease) and the drugs used to treat it are potential causes of encephalopathy.

Methods
A 26-year-old female with 6-year history of Crohn's disease for 6 years presented acute-onset encephalopathy. We provide bibliographic evidence to support metronidazole toxicity and potential Crohn disease-associated neurologic involvement.

Results
The patient presented dystonia, cerebellar ataxia, and altered mental status. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed typical findings of metronidazole toxicity and white matter involvement of the centrum semiovale. Immunoelectrophoresis and immunofixation of serum and cerebrospinal fluid proteins were consistent with a systemic inflammatory process. We concluded on an association between drug toxicity and probable Crohn-associated neurologic involvement. Metronidazole was stopped and the patient was placed on vitamin therapy and diazepam to control dystonia. She deteriorated and was transferred to the intensive care unit where she expired.

Conclusions
Acute behavioral changes in a young patient constitute an emergency and differential diagnoses should include infective, inflammatory, metabolic, and toxic causes. Metronidazole is a potential toxic etiology.
Utility of thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM) for monitoring platelet transfusion in qualitative platelet disorders
Authors: Lee Robert H , Rudran Tanvi , Bergmeier Wolfgang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPatients with pathogenic variants inRASGRP2(inherited platelet disorder (IPD)-18) have normal platelet counts but show impaired platelet aggregation due to diminished activation of αIIbβ3 integrin. This defect results in moderate to severe bleeding episodes, especially following surgical procedures, which require patients to be transfused with platelets and/or pro-hemostatic agents. We recently demonstrated that the hemostatic efficacy of transfused platelets is limited by dysfunctional endogenous platelets in a mouse model of IPD-18 (Rasgrp2-/-mice), as dysfunctional platelets were recruited to the forming hemostatic plug but did not participate in clot contraction. Consequently, higher amounts of transfused platelets were required to outcompete these dysfunctional cells and to reverse bleeding. We here studied the usefulness of thromboelastography with platelet mapping (TEG-PM), a method to evaluate platelet-dependent clot contraction, forex vivomonitoring of the hemostatic potential inRasgrp2-/-mice transfused with various amounts of wild-type (WT) platelets.Rasgrp2-/-whole blood samples did not contract in TEG-PM, consistent with a critical role of this protein in αIIbβ3 activation. Addition of WT platelets improved TEG parameters (K time, α-angle, MA) in a ratio dependent manner, consistent with our recent in vivo studies showing impaired hemostasis at a 5:1, but not at a 2:1 ratio of mutant to WT platelets. Interestingly, K and α values were identified as better predictors of transfusion efficacy than MA, the most platelet-dependent TEG parameter. In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study supports the use of TEG-PM to monitor platelet transfusion ratios and hemostatic potential in IPD-18 and potentially other platelet disorders.
Proteasome regulation of petite-negativity in fission yeast
Authors: Amberg Katie Lin , Hao Lyrica , Cranz-Mileva Susanne , Zaratiegui Mikel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMitochondria carry out essential functions in eukaryotic cells. The mitochondrial genome encodes factors critical to support oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial protein import necessary for these functions. However, organisms like budding yeast can readily lose their mitochondrial genome, yielding respiration-deficientpetitemutants. The fission yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombeis petite-negative, but some nuclear mutations enable the loss of its mitochondrial genome. Here, we characterize the classicalpetite-positive mutationptp1-1as a loss of function allele of the proteasome 19S regulatory subunit componentmts4/rpn1, involved in the Ubiquitin-dependent degradation pathway. The mutation results in an altered oxidative stress response, with increased levels of oxidized glutathione, and increased levels of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic chaperones. We propose that Ubiquitin-proteasome regulation of chaperones involved in the Unfolded Protein Response and mitochondrial protein import underlies petite-negativity in fission yeast.
Placental Malaria Induces a Unique Methylation Profile Associated with Fetal Growth Restriction
Authors: Ozarslan Nida , Mong Corina , Ategeka John , Li Lin , Buarpung Sirirak , Robinson Joshua F. , Kizza Jimmy , Kakuru Abel , Kamya Moses R. , Dorsey Grant , Rosenthal Philip J. , Gaw Stephanie L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundFetal growth restriction (FGR) is associated with perinatal death and adverse birth outcomes, as well as long-term complications, including increased childhood morbidity, abnormal neurodevelopment, and cardio-metabolic diseases in adulthood. Placental epigenetic reprogramming associated with FGR may mediate these long-term outcomes. Placental malaria (PM), characterized by sequestration ofPlasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes in placental intervillous space, is the leading global cause of FGR, but its impact on placental epigenetics is unknown. We hypothesized that placental methylomic profiling would reveal common and distinct mechanistic pathways of non-malarial and PM-associated FGR.ResultsWe analyzed placentas from a US cohort with no malaria exposure (n = 12) and a cohort from eastern Uganda, a region with a high prevalence of malaria (n = 12). From each site, 8 cases of FGR (defined as birth weight <10%ile for gestational age by Intergrowth-21 standard curves) and 4 healthy controls with normal weight were analyzed. PM was diagnosed by placental histopathology. We compared the methylation levels of over 850K CpGs of the placentas using Infinium MethylationEPIC v1 microarray. Non-malarial FGR was associated with 65 differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs), whereas PM-FGR was associated with 133 DMCs, compared to their corresponding controls without FGR. One DMC (cg16389901, located in the promoter region ofBMP4) was commonly hypomethylated in both groups. We identified 522 DMCs between non-malarial FGR vs. PM-FGR placentas, which was independent of differing geographic location or cellular composition.ConclusionPlacentas with PM-associated FGR have distinct methylation profiles as compared to placentas with non-malarial FGR, suggesting novel epigenetic reprogramming in response to malaria. Larger cohort studies are needed to determine the distinct long-term health outcomes in PM-associated FGR pregnancies.
Control of Inflammatory Response by Tissue Microenvironment
Authors: Wu Zhongyang , Pope Scott D. , Ahmed Nasiha S. , Leung Diana L. , Hajjar Stephanie , Yue Qiuyu , Anand Diya M. , Kopp Elizabeth B. , Okin Daniel , Ma Weiyi , Kagan Jonathan C. , Hargreaves Diana C. , Medzhitov Ruslan , Zhou Xu 
Published: May 2024

SummaryInflammation is an essential defense response but operates at the cost of normal functions. Whether and how the negative impact of inflammation is monitored remains largely unknown. Acidification of the tissue microenvironment is associated with inflammation. Here we investigated whether macrophages sense tissue acidification to adjust inflammatory responses. We found that acidic pH restructured the inflammatory response of macrophages in a gene-specific manner. We identified mammalian BRD4 as a novel intracellular pH sensor. Acidic pH disrupts the transcription condensates containing BRD4 and MED1, via histidine-enriched intrinsically disordered regions. Crucially, decrease in macrophage intracellular pH is necessary and sufficient to regulate transcriptional condensatesin vitroandin vivo, acting as negative feedback to regulate the inflammatory response. Collectively, these findings uncovered a pH-dependent switch in transcriptional condensates that enables environmental sensing to directly control inflammation, with a broader implication for calibrating the magnitude and quality of inflammation by the inflammatory cost.HighlightsAcidic pH regulates a switch-like gene-specific inflammatory response in macrophagesAcidic pH impacts chromatin remodeling and transcription circuits to control inflammatory programsBRD4 transcriptional condensates are regulated by intracellular pH via pH-sensitive motifs located within the intrinsically disordered regionTissue inflammation decreases intracellular pH and disrupts BRD4 condensates as a negative feedback