bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ABO and Rh Blood Group Association with Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes
Authors: Swartz Samantha Rae , Steffen Haley Alaine , Wendt Linder H. , Kenne Kimberly A. , Rysavy Mary B. , Jackson J. Brooks 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
ABO and Rh blood types are known to have associations with health and disease, but studies on their relationship to pregnancy outcomes have been largely inconclusive. We aimed to examine the associations between ABO and Rh blood groups in pregnant women with maternal–neonatal characteristics and outcomes including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes, cesarean section rate, preterm birth, postpartum quantitative blood loss, birth weight, and appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration scores.

Methods:
At the time of delivery, 2497 consecutive patients were tested for ABO and Rh blood groups. Only those who delivered singleton infants were included in the analysis (2392 patients, 95.8%). Demographic and clinical data were obtained from the electronic medical record. Associations between blood groups and maternal–neonatal characteristics and outcomes were assessed using logistic regression models. A significance threshold of 0.05 was used for all comparisons.

Results:
Of the 2392 delivering patients, 46.9% were blood group O, 37.5% were blood group A, 12.2% were blood group B, and 3.4% were blood group AB. In addition, 85.9% were Rh-positive and 14.1% Rh-negative. A total of 2127 (88.9%) women delivered at term. The cesarean section rate was 32.4%, 183 (7.7%) had chronic hypertension, 275 (11.5%) had gestational diabetes, and 396 (16.6%) had a postpartum hemorrhage. The median birth weight was 3330 g (interquartile range 2940–3640). No blood groups were significantly associated with these characteristic and outcome measures.

Conclusion:
At the time of delivery, no significant associations were identified between ABO and Rh blood groups and maternal–neonatal characteristics and outcomes in this delivery cohort of over 2000 women.
A Study of Red Cell Exchange in Patients of Sickle Cell Disease at a Tertiary Care Hospital of South Gujarat, India
Authors: Zanzari Pooja , Vasava Ashwin , Patel Jitendra , Patel Kamal Arvindbhai , Modi Pooja , Navadiya Mitul , Nathani Kruti Jayant 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited single-gene autosomal recessive disorder. Red cell exchange (RCE) refers to the removal of diseased red blood cells (RBCs) in exchange for healthy donor RBCs. In the present study, RCE was performed in patients with SCD with different crises such as acute chest syndrome, vaso-occlusive crisis, and sequestration crisis. The study was conducted to determine the clinical efficacy of RCE in SCD and to study the clinical profile of the study population. The study will help generate data to support and improve existing knowledge on the clinical efficacy of RCE in SCD.

Methods:
A prospective observational study of RBC exchange in patients of SCD with the acute crisis was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in South Gujarat including the effect of RCE as a treatment modality in patients of SCD. The study was conducted following guidelines given by the American Society for Apheresis.

Results:
This study was conducted among 8 patients (7 female and 1 male) with varying age groups from 10 to 29 years. Clinical findings of patients, pulse rate, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation got improved after the procedure. There was an improvement in PaO2 from 51.63 to 73 after the procedure. There was a decrease in mean sickle hemoglobin (Hb S) level (from 68.452% to 16.438% after procedure) and Hb F level (from 11.938% to 3.063% after procedure) with an increase in Hb A level (from 13.862% to 70.152% after procedure).

Conclusion:
In the present study, automated RCE procedures in patients with SCD were well tolerated and effective for both acute and chronic complications of SCD in terms of relieving the symptoms by reducing the Hb S level postprocedures.
Assessment of Platelet Crossmatch Results by Solid Phase Red Cell Adherence Assay among Pediatric Hemato-oncology Patients in a Tertiary Care Oncology Center
Authors: Desai Priti , Navkudkar Anisha , Bain Gourav , Rajadhyaksha Sunil B. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
This study employed platelets cross-matched by the solid-phase red cell adherence (SPRCA) method and oc-related it with posttransfusion platelet count increment in terms of corrected count increment (CCI) and percent platelet recovery (PPR) among pediatric hemato-oncology patients. It did not study subgroups of patients nor did it have a control group. This was an observational study. The objective of the study was to assess platelet crossmatch results by the SPRCA method and find its correlation with posttransfusion platelet count increment among pediatric hemato-oncology patients in a tertiary care oncology center.

Methods:
This was a prospective observational study performed on pediatric patients with hematological malignancies requiring platelet transfusions during August 2019–January 2020. An assessment of the response to platelet transfusion on the participants was analyzed against the crossmatch results using SPRCA to measure the response in terms of CCI and PPR.

Results:
A total of 80 pediatric multiply transfused patients of hematological malignancies were transfused with ABO-identical single donor platelet unit which was subsequently tested for compatibility SPRCA assay. Among a total of 80 platelet crossmatches, 86% (69/80) were found to be compatible. Among 69 patients with compatible platelet crossmatches, 91% (63/69) had adequate CCI (>7500). Among 11 patients with incompatible crossmatches, 73% (8/11) had adequate CCI, and 27% (3/11) had inadequate CCI. Statistically significant association was found between crossmatch compatibility and PPR.

Conclusions:
Transfusion of crossmatched platelets from the available inventory to multiply transfused patients of hematological malignancies can be an option. It is very important to assess the posttransfusion platelet responses in such patients in terms of CCI as well as PPR. The SPRCA assay is a rapid and effective method to select the compatible unit from the inventory and is feasible to implement in an oncology setup to cater the requirement of multiple platelet transfusions to patients with hematological malignancies.
A Large Paraganglioma Neck – Managed Successfully by Transcervical Excision
Authors: Jha Rakesh Kumar , Dutta Angshuman , Gupta Anshul Prakash , Dwivedi Surjeet Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Glomus vagale paraganglioma is a slow-growing, benign, and relatively uncommon tumor, accounting for < 3% of head-and-neck paragangliomas. It predominantly arises from vagal nodose ganglion in the carotid sheath and mostly comprises extraadrenal nonchromaffin cells. It usually presents as an asymptomatic cervical mass but rarely can present with local compressive symptoms. Mostly paragangliomas are nonfunctional, however, functional paraganglioma needs to be ruled out by clinical examination (such as tachycardia, hypertension, and facial flushing) and laboratory investigation like vanillylmandelic acid in urine and serum. It also needs to be differentiated from other neck masses, for example, carotid body tumor, carotid aneurysm, nerve sheath tumor, etc., Imaging modalities such as ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging are required to characterize and diagnose such neck lesions and ascertain their relationship with the neck vessels. Surgical excision is considered the mainstay of treatment which mandates segmental resection of the vagus nerve and results in significant postoperative morbidity. We hereby report a case of 53-year-old female with a large, highly vascular glomus vagale tumor in the neck which was densely adherent to neck vessels (common carotid artery/internal carotid artery/external carotid artery and internal jugular vein) and presented with local compressive symptoms. The patient was successfully managed by preoperative angioembolization followed by transcervical excision of the tumor.
Effect of Zebularine on Apoptotic Pathways in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Lines
Authors: Sanaei Masumeh , Kavoosi Fraidoon 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The alteration of DNA cytosine methylation is one of the most common epigenetic changes that can play a significant role in human cancers. The enzymes involved in DNA methylation of promoter regions of the genes are DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). The therapeutic activities and apoptotic effects of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors (DNMTIs) have been reported in various cancers. This study was assigned to assess the effect of zebularine on intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, DNAT 1, 3a, and 3b, p21, and p53, viability, and apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines.

Methods:
Hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HCCLM3, MHCC97H, and MHCC97L) were purchased from the National Cell Bank of Iran, Pasteur Institute, treated with zebularine, and the MTT assay was performed. Then, flow cytometry assay and real-time RT-PCR analysis were performed with zebularine. Statistical comparisons between groups were made using GraphPad Prism software version 8.0. A significant difference was considered as P < 0.05.

Results:
Zebularine up-regulated DR4, DR5, FAS, FAS-L, TRAIL, Bax, Bak, Bim, p21WAF/CIP1 (p21), and p53 and down-regulated DNMTs (DNAT 1, 3a, and 3b), Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and Mcl-1, significantly resulting in apoptosis induction in HCC cell lines. Maximal and minimal apoptosis was seen in HCCLM3 and MHCC97L cell lines, respectively.

Conclusions:
Our findings indicated that DNMTI zebularine can induce apoptosis and inhibit cell growth through both pathways (extrinsic and intrinsic) in HCC cell lines HCCLM3, MHCC97H, and MHCC97L.
Dietary Supplement Use among Iranian Households during COVID-19 Epidemic Lockdown: Less Access in Those Who May Need More National Food and Nutrition Surveillance
Authors: Ghodsi Delaram , Nikooyeh Bahareh , Amini Maryam , Rabiei Samira , Doustmohammadian Azam , Abdollahi Zahra , Minaie Mina , Sadeghi Farzaneh , Clark Cain C. T. , Neyestani Tirang R. , Rasekhi Hamid 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic elicited the general population to use various dietary supplements (DSs) and nutraceuticals as a protective means against the disease. The present study aimed to evaluate changes and certain determinants of DS intake during the COVID-19 lockdown among Iranian households.

Methods:
This nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted from April 4 to April 25, 2020, during which Iran was in lockdown. To collect data, a web-based electronic self-administered questionnaire was created. The data were compared among provinces based on their food security situations.

Results:
A total of 21,290 households were included in the analyses. Approximately 27% of the households were using DSs after the epidemic. The most common DSs used were vitamin D (42%) and vitamin C (20%), followed by multi-vitamin (16%), zinc (9%), omega-3 (6%), vitamin A (4%), and probiotics (3%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that DS intake was directly associated with the household income but inversely with household size and the food security status of the provinces. DS intake was positively associated with the presence of high-risk persons in the households, the education of the households' head, and the presence of a person with a history of COVID-19 within the household.

Conclusions:
During epidemic lockdown, DS use was remarkably increased among the Iranian households. Apart from the debatable usefulness of DSs against COVID-19, the inverse association of DS use with a household's income and provincial food security well indicates inequity in accessibility to DS. Actions to improve the nutritional status of the under-privileged populations including targeted supplementation are strongly recommended.
Presentation, Management and Early Mortality of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Large Sample Study of a Middle East Country
Authors: Bahrani Saeide , Sadeghi Masoumeh , Teimouri-jervekani Zahra , Nouri Fatemeh , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Due to lack of contemporary data on the presentation, management, and mortality of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) admissions in Iran, in this prospective registry study, we aimed to evaluate the presentation, management, and mortality as the outcome of patients with ACS in Isfahan, Iran, 2001–2016 to address treatment and healthcare depletions.

Methods:
Data of 62,276 patients admitted with the diagnosis of ACS from 2001 to 2016 prospectively were obtained by Surveillance Unit of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan, Iran, in 13 hospitals of Isfahan province. We evaluated data on presentation, management, and in-hospital and 28-day mortality.

Results:
Nearly half of the patients ranged in age from 51 to 70 years (32050, 51.5%), which did not differ among ACS types (ST-segment myocardial infarction (STEMI): 53.9%; non-STEMI: 53.4%; unstable angina: 51.9%). In-hospital, anti-platelets use was high (84.9%). Thrombolytic were used in 48.1% of STEMI, 3.8% of non-STEMI, and 1.1% of unstable angina. Discharge medication rates were suboptimal. In-hospital and 28-day mortality were highest for STEMI (6.5 and 12.6%, respectively).

Conclusions:
These data represent the large ACS registry in Iran. Data revealed the various presentations of ACS and demonstrated opportunities for improving ACS management by focusing on increasing use of recommended drugs especially after discharge due to suboptimal medical treatment in these patients. The high mortality rate needs to be taken into consideration in ACS patients.
The Therapeutic Impact of Garlic (Allium Sativum) on Oxidative Stress Markers among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients: A Randomized, Double-Blinded Clinical Trial
Authors: Zadhoush Roya , Alavi-Naeini Amirmansour , Feizi Awat , Naghshineh Elham , Ghazvini Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The present study aimed to investigate the effect of garlic supplementation on oxidative stress markers in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Methods:
Eighty patients with PCOS were randomized and instructed to consume either garlic supplementation (800 mg/day) or a placebo (starch) for 8 weeks. They were also asked to avoid intake of any other supplement during the study. Oxidative stress-related markers including total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione, malondialdehyde concentrations, and anthropometric measures were assessed at baseline and end of the trial.

Results:
Garlic supplementation resulted in significant improvement in catalase concentration (1.82 ± 9.28 vs. –1.55 ± 8.66; P value: 0.03), glutathione levels (29.15 ± 57.53 vs. 2.42 ± 77.51; P value: 0.048) as well as weight (–0.64 ± 1.94 vs. 0.11 ± 0.82; P value: 0.04), body mass index (BMI; –0.25 ± 0.75 vs. 0.05 ± 0.61; P value: 0.04), and waist circumference (–0.21 ± 0.77 vs. 0.02 ± 0.65; P value: 0.01). However, we failed to detect any significant change in hip circumference, waist to hip circumference ratio, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde levels between the two groups.

Conclusions:
The present study indicates that garlic supplementation could be beneficial in improving oxidative stress and weight loss among PCOS women.
Urtica Dioica (Gazaneh) Distillate Restores Glucose Metabolism in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Zamani-Garmsiri Fahimeh , Akmali Masoumeh , Gohari Ali , Zal Fatemeh , Seghatoleslam Atefeh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Diabetes has become an important health problem in the world. Natural agents, with antidiabetic property, are potential candidates for improving diabetes. Urtica Dioica Distillate (UDD) or Araghe Gazaneh is widely used for the treatment of diabetes as per traditional medicine. Despite the tremendous use of UDD as an antidiabetic compound in folk medicine, the antidiabetic effects of UDD has been neglected by medical scientists. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of UDD on the glucose metabolism in diabetic rats.

Methods:
A total of 24 male rats were divided equally into four groups, two treatment and two control groups, each containing normal or Streptozotocin (STZ)–induced diabetic rats. During 4 weeks, control and treatment rats received water or UDD, respectively. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and specific activities of hepatic enzymes including glucokinase (GK), hexokinase (HK), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), and muscle glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and liver phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) mRNA levels were measured.

Results:
FBS and HbA1c increased in diabetic groups. Treatment with UDD significantly lowered FBS and prevented weight loss. Decreased FBS level was associated with higher activity levels of GK and HK in UDD-treated diabetic rats. G6PD-specific activity decreased in diabetic control rats compared to nondiabetic ones, but UDD treatment improved it to the normal levels. A significant decrease in the expression level of GLUT4 was observed in diabetic control rats compared to nondiabetic ones, but UDD increased it to the normal levels.

Conclusions:
These findings suggest that UDD might exert therapeutic effects against diabetes by improving glucose metabolism and can be used as an alternative or complementary medicine for the treatment of diabetic patients.
Hypothyroidism in First-Degree Relatives of Neonates with Congenital Hypothyroidism: Is there an Association?
Authors: Heidarpour Maryam , Omoomi Sepehr , Vakilbashi Omid , Taki Azin , Hovsepian Silva 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Recent studies have shown an increased incidence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH), especially in the middle-east region. The exact etiology is unknown; however, it has been related to several factors, the most noticeable being the high prevalence of transient CH (TCH), parental consanguinity, and the history of hypothyroidism in relatives. We sought to determine the impact of hypothyroidism in the relatives of patients with the observed trend.

Methods:
We included all patients with primary CH detected through the Newborn Screening (NBS) Program from 2007 to 2016. We analyzed the impact of consanguinity relationship, parental and siblings' thyroid function, second-degree relatives' thyroid function, parental educational level, age, and maternal gestational diabetes on the development of permanent CH (PCH) and TCH.

Results:
A total of 1447 consecutive eligible patients were recruited during the study period. Of this number, 1171 (81%) were diagnosed with CH: 623 (53.2%) had PCH and 548 (46.8%) had TCH. Six hundred thirty-three (54.1%) participants were men, and 814 (69.5%) had a history of relatives' hypothyroidism. Our data analysis revealed a significant difference regarding the male gender, having a history of relatives' hypothyroidism, and parental hypothyroidism compared to TCH ones (P < 0.05). Patients with a history of relatives' hypothyroidism had significantly higher PCH than TCH (P < 0.0001). However, consanguineous marriage was not comparable in patients regardless of their history of relatives' hypothyroidism (P-value >0.884).

Conclusions:
Our findings indicated the role of the history of hypothyroidism in neonates' relatives in the evolution of the PCH. Meanwhile, consanguineous marriage did not impress the development of PCH and TCH.
The Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nasirzadeh Amirreza , Jahanshahi Reza , Ghajarzadeh Mahsa , Mohammadi Aida , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser 
Published: May 2024

Background:
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to update the pooled prevalence of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:
Two researchers independently and systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and google scholar. They also searched for references of the included studies, and conference abstracts that were published up to September 2021.

Results:
The literature search revealed 5719 articles, after deleting duplicates 3616 remained. Finally, 17 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of IBD in MS was 1% (I2 = 96.3%, P < 0.001). The pooled odds ratio of developing IBD in MS cases was 1.36 (95% CI: 1.1–1.6) (I2 = 58.3, P = 0.01).

Conclusions:
The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that the pooled prevalence of IBD in MS patients was 1% and the pooled odds ratio of developing IBD in MS cases was 1.36.
A Rare Anatomical Variant: Aberrant Arterial Supply of Azygoesophageal Recess Originating from the Celiac Plexus
Authors: Doğan Emrah , Doğan Marwa Mouline , Güney Bünyamin , Tapan Özge Oral , Tapan Utku , Olcay Sabri Serhan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The aberrant arteries of the lung are very rare abnormalities. It is included in the type 1 sequestration group when it is a single finding without other sequestration features. Sequestrations account for <1% of all lung malformations. Type 1 is the least common form in this group. In 75% of these cases, the aberrant artery (AA) originates from the thoracic aorta. AA originating from the celiac plexus is very rare. Moreover, even if it originates from an abdominal vascular, AA is extended left lower lobe of the lung or the right middle lobe. Our case is atypical with its azygoesophageal recess (AOR) localization. The AOR is a special region that forms the mediobasal segment of the right lung. After the pandemic, this region has been expressed as one of the areas where COVID-19 infection shows affinity. The reason for this condition has not been definitively clarified yet. Therefore, the anatomical details of this segment need to be more probed. Furthermore, the radiological multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) appearance of our case is in the differential diagnosis, with Scimitar syndrome and, as far as we know, this differential diagnosis detail has not been mentioned so far. MDCT plays an important role in the diagnosis and planning of definitive treatment by determining the origin and course of the AA. Definitive treatment may be surgery (lobectomy or segmentectomy) or endovascular. The case of a 62-year-old patient with a lung AA is presented accompanied by radiological and clinical findings.