bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial dehydration and cryopreservation of Citrus seeds
Authors: Graiver Natalia , Califano Alicia , Zaritzky Noemí 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Three categories of seed storage behavior are generally recognized among plant species: orthodox, intermediate and recalcitrant. Intermediate seeds cannot be stored in liquid nitrogen (LN) without a previous partial dehydration process. The water content (WC) of the seeds at the moment of immersion in LN must be regarded as the most critical factor in cryopreservation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the basis of the optimal hydration status for cryopreservation of Citrus seeds: C. sinensis (sweet orange), C. paradisi (grapefruit), C. reticulata (mandarin) in LN.RESULTS: To study the tolerance to dehydration and LN exposure, seeds were desiccated by equilibration at relative humidities between 11 and 95%. Sorption isotherms were determined and modeled; lipid content of the seeds was measured. Seed desiccation sensitivity was quantified by the quantal response model. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms were determined on cotyledon tissue at different moisture contents to measure ice melting enthalpies and unfrozen WC. Samples of total seed lipid extract were also analyzed by DSC to identify lipid transitions in the thermograms.CONCLUSIONS: The limit of hydration for LN Citrus seeds treatment corresponded to the unfrozen WC in the tissue, confirming that seed survival strictly depended on avoidance of intracellular ice formation. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
MDR1 (multidrug resistence 1) can regulate GCS (glucosylceramide synthase) in breast cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaofang , Wu Xiaojuan , Li Juan , Sun Yanlin , Gao Peng , Zhang Cuijuan , Zhang Hui , Zhou Gengyin 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBesides MDR1/P‐glycoprotein (MDR1/P‐gp), glucosylceramide synthase (GCS), an enzyme, which transfers UDP–glucose to ceramide to form glucosylceramide was also related with multidrug resistance (MDR) in breast cancer. Although many research showed that GCS could affect mdr1 in cancer cells, nobody knows that whether mdr1 can affect GCS in breast cancer. Our study aims to verify that.MethodsA plasmid with multidrug resistence 1(mdr1) cDNA was transfected into the sensitive breast cancer cell line MCF‐7, while an RNA interference (RNAi) vector targeted mdr1 was transfected into the MDR cell line MCF‐7/ADM. Then RT‐PCR, Western blot, MTT, and flow cytometry were used to assess the expression and function of mdr1 and GCS.ResultThe data displayed that up‐regulation of mdr1 could increase the expression of GCS, while the RNAi‐expression plasmids could decrease that. Meantime, the changes of ceramide are opposed to that of GCS and are the same to the alteration of apoptosis rate.ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that MDR1 could increase cellular apoptosis by regulating the expression of GCS in breast cancer cells. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:466–471. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic significance of distribution of lymph node metastasis in advanced mid or low rectal cancer
Authors: Kim Jin Soo , Sohn Dae Kyung , Park Ji Won , Kim Dae Yong , Chang Hee Jin , Choi Hyo Seong , Oh Jae Hwan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have focused on distribution of lymph node metastasis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic significance of the location of involved lymph nodes in patients with advanced mid or low rectal cancer.MethodsWe defined proximal lymph node involvement (PLNp) as superior rectal and inferior mesenteric lymph node metastasis along the trunks of the supplying vessel, and mesorectal lymph node involvement (MLNp) as lymph node metastasis located within the mesorectum.ResultsPLNp was identified in 67 patients (8.4%) of total 797 patients. Age <60 years (P = 0.02), poorly differentiated/mucinous histologic type (P = 0.011), and positive perineural invasion (P < 0.001) were risk factors of PLNp in patients with node positive rectal cancer. Patients with PLNp had poorer oncologic outcomes than those without PLNp in terms of overall survival (P < 0.001). For patients with node‐positive rectal cancer, there was significant difference in the overall survival rate between PLNp and MLNp groups, regardless of N stage (P = 0.025 for N1, P = 0.009 for N2).ConclusionsOur results suggest that PLNp is associated with adverse oncologic outcomes and has prognostic significance in patients with node positive mid or low rectal cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:486–492. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Swallowing disturbance questionnaire for detecting dysphagia
Authors: Cohen Jacob T. , Manor Yael 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjectives:To assess the accuracy of the swallowing disturbance questionnaire (SDQ) that had originally been designed and validated for detecting swallowing problems among patients with Parkinson's disease and was now applied for identifying patients with dysphagia associated with various other etiologies.Study Design:Prospective.Methods:One‐hundred patients with the complaint of swallowing disturbances who underwent a full swallowing survey at the Tel‐Aviv Voice and Swallowing Disorder Clinic participated. They all filled in the SDQ. The collected data included patient characteristics, medical history, and the results of an oromotor examination and a fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES). The SDQ results were compared to the FEES and oromotor examination findings.Results:The responses to the questions in the SDQ were highly correlated with the findings of the oral part of the oromotor examination (85.71% sensitivity, 87.6% specificity). Items on the laryngopharyngeal phase reliably assessed dysphagia symptoms in correlation to the FEES examination (67.3% sensitivity, 76.7% specificity). The total SDQ score correlated with the total oromotor and the FEES scores (79.7% sensitivity, 73% specificity).Conclusions:The SDQ is a sensitive and accurate tool for identifying patients with true swallowing disturbances arising from different etiologies and for indicating the need for more in‐depth instrumental swallowing evaluations.
Manipulation of terahertz radiation using metamaterials
Authors: Chen H.‐T. , O'Hara J.F. , Azad A.K. , Taylor A.J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDuring the past decade electromagnetic metamaterials have realized many exotic phenomena that are difficult or impossible using naturally occurring materials. It is their resonantly enhanced interaction with electromagnetic waves that underpins their attractive qualities, which are increasingly important in the terahertz frequency range. Passive and active terahertz metamaterials and devices have enabled novel functionality and unprecedented terahertz device performance. These demonstrations prove their potential to address the so‐called terahertz gap, a technology vacuum associated with the deficiency of natural materials with a desirable terahertz response.
Interactions of fluorinated catalyst and polutetrafluoroethylene in two different plain zinc dialkyldithiophosphate oils and one fully formulated oil using design of experiment
Authors: Nehme Gabi 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTFriction and wear performance of engine oils in the presence of polutetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and iron fluoride (FeF3) catalyst with plain zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) oils, and fully formulated oils were studied under extreme boundary lubrication (2.72 Hertzian contact load). Two brands of plain ZDDP oils with the same phosphorus percentages were used in the analysis. The study uses design of experiment (DOE) to analyse and optimise the fluorinated oil combinations, thus reducing phosphorus in both plain and fully formulated oils. High and low concentrations of fluorinated catalyst were optimised, and a (PTFE + catalyst) combination suitable for plain ZDDP oil and a fully formulated oil were studied using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, wear profile analysis and tribosurfaces comparison. The experiment indicated that submicron FeF3 catalyst played an important role in preventing the breakdown of the tribofilm.The reduction of phosphorus in engine oil was examined. Very reproducible boundary lubrication tests with three replicates for each oil blend were conducted as part of the DOE software to study the behaviour of FeF3 catalyst and PTFE or Teflon in developing environmentally friendly (reduced P and S) anti‐wear additives for future engine oil formulations. Several responses with respect to sample failure and post‐wear measurements were analysed, and the overall desirability of the model was targeted to lower phosphorus blends. The goal of the model solution was to check the maximum and minimum interactions of PTFE and selected FeF3 catalyst with respect to both plain ZDDP oils and fully formulated oil. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the completeness of root vectors of a certain class of differential operators
Authors: Shubov Marianna A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe present paper is the first one in a series of two papers devoted to a unified approach to the problem of completeness of the generalized eigenvectors (the root vectors) for a specific class of linear non‐selfadjoint unbounded differential operators. The list of the problems for which such operators are the dynamics generators includes the following: (a) initial boundary‐value problem (IBVP) for a non‐homogeneous string with both distributed and boundary damping; (b) IBVP for small vibrations of an ideal filament with dissipative boundary condition at one end and with a heavy load at the other end; (c) IBVP for a three‐dimensional damped wave equation with spherically symmetric coefficients and both distributed and boundary damping. In the second paper of the series the following problems will be considered: (a) IBVP for a system of two coupled hyperbolic equations constituting a Timoshenko beam model with variable coefficients and boundary damping; (b) IBVP for a coupled Euler–Bernoulli and Timoshenko beam model with boundary energy dissipation (the model known in engineering literature as bending‐torsion vibration model); (c) IBVP for a system of two Timoshenko beams coupled through linear Van der Waals forces. The model of (c) describes vibrational motion of a double‐walled carbon nanotube. In all of the above cases, the result has been obtained by using Krien’s Theorem on completeness of root vectors of a dissipative operator with a nuclear imaginary part. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
If you feel it now you will think it later: The interactive effects of mood over time on brand extension evaluations
Authors: Sar Sela , Duff Brittany R.L. , Anghelcev George 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWhile mood has been found to affect brand extension evaluations, the specific mechanisms by which it affects those evaluations remain largely untested. This study suggests that mood‐induced differences in cognitive processing style (relational vs. item‐specific elaboration) are possible explanations affecting brand extension evaluations. Results of two experiments showed that consumers in a positive (vs. negative) mood engaged in relational (vs. item‐specific) elaboration and consequently evaluated brand extensions and brand extension fit more favorably than consumers in a negative mood. The effects were found immediately after exposure (Experiment 1) and after a one‐week delay (Experiment 2). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Consumer uncertainty, revisited
Authors: Shiu Edward M.K. , Walsh Gianfranco , Hassan Louise M. , Shaw Deirdre 
Published: May 2011

AbstractUncertainty is an important concept within consumer behavior which to date is under‐theorized, especially in relation to important downstream variables such as information search intention and purchase intention, and can therefore lead to a loss of utility. The authors propose a new multidimensional conceptualization of consumer uncertainty and develop a theoretical model of uncertainty within two consumer behavior contexts, namely avoidance of sweatshop apparel and avoidance of food additives. Drawing on literature‐based insights as well as qualitative research and Expected Utility Theory, the authors develop hypotheses that offer insight into the potential antecedents (ambiguity and credibility) and consequences (search intention and purchase intention) of uncertainty. Using survey data, the authors test the hypotheses, finding strong support for many relationships hypothesized. Research and managerial implications are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retail therapy: A strategic effort to improve mood
Authors: Atalay A. Selin , Meloy Margaret G. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract“Retail therapy” is often applied to the notion of trying to cheer oneself up through the purchase of self‐treats. The negative moods that lead to retail therapy, however, have also been associated with greater impulsivity and a lack of behavioral control. Does this lead to mindless shopping when consumers are “down” and regret later? The current work documents that a bad mood does lead to greater purchase and consumption of unplanned treats for the self. However, it also provides evidence that the consumption of self‐treats can be strategically motivated. Those individuals who do indulge can also exercise restraint if the goal of restraint also leads to improved mood. Finally, retail therapy has lasting positive impacts on mood. Feelings of regret and guilt are not associated with the unplanned purchases made to repair a bad mood. The implications of the research are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neocarzinostatin as a probe for DNA protection activity—molecular interaction with caffeine
Authors: Chin Der‐Hang , Li Huang‐Hsien , Kuo Hsiu‐Maan , Chao Pei‐Dawn Lee , Liu Chia‐Wen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractNeocarzinostatin (NCS), a potent mutagen and carcinogen, consists of an enediyne prodrug and a protein carrier. It has a unique double role in that it intercalates into DNA and imposes radical‐mediated damage after thiol activation. Here we employed NCS as a probe to examine the DNA‐protection capability of caffeine, one of common dietary phytochemicals with potential cancer‐chemopreventive activity. NCS at the nanomolar concentration range could induce significant single‐ and double‐strand lesions in DNA, but up to 75 ± 5% of such lesions were found to be efficiently inhibited by caffeine. The percentage of inhibition was caffeine‐concentration dependent, but was not sensitive to the DNA‐lesion types. The well‐characterized activation reactions of NCS allowed us to explore the effect of caffeine on the enediyne‐generated radicals. Postactivation analyses by chromatographic and mass spectroscopic methods identified a caffeine‐quenched enediyne‐radical adduct, but the yield was too small to fully account for the large inhibition effect on DNA lesions. The affinity between NCS chromophore and DNA was characterized by a fluorescence‐based kinetic method. The drug–DNA intercalation was hampered by caffeine, and the caffeine‐induced increases in DNA–drug dissociation constant was caffeine‐concentration dependent, suggesting importance of binding affinity in the protection mechanism. Caffeine has been shown to be both an effective free radical scavenger and an intercalation inhibitor. Our results demonstrated that caffeine ingeniously protected DNA against the enediyne‐induced damages mainly by inhibiting DNA intercalation beforehand. The direct scavenging of the DNA‐bound NCS free radicals by caffeine played only a minor role. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Focal adhesion kinase is required for KSHV vGPCR signaling
Authors: He Meilan , Bakken Thomas , Kassimova Alia , Boshoff Chris , Philpott Nicola , Cannon Mark L. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractKaposi's sarcoma‐associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi's sarcoma, an angiogenic and inflammatory endothelial cell (EC) tumor that is common in areas of high KSHV prevalence. KSHV encodes a pro‐angiogenic viral chemokine receptor (vGPCR) that promotes EC growth in vitro and KS‐like tumors in mouse models. vGPCR is therefore considered a viral oncogene that plays a crucial role in the pathobiology of KS. In this study, we show that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) becomes activated upon vGPCR expression in primary ECs and that FAK is required for vGPCR‐mediated activation of ERK1/2, NFκB, AP‐1, and vGPCR‐induced migration and inhibition of anoikis. FAK is crucial to cell motility and tumor invasiveness and is a potential therapeutic target in various malignancies. Our data show that via vGPCR, KSHV has evolved a way to constitutively activate FAK signaling. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synergism between resveratrol and other phytochemicals: Implications for obesity and osteoporosis
Authors: Rayalam Srujana , Della‐Fera Mary Anne , Baile Clifton A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractResveratrol, a phytoalexin, has gained much attention recently due to its effects on sirtuins. While the anti‐cancer properties of resveratrol have been extensively investigated, the anti‐adipogenic and osteogenic effects of resveratrol are also gaining considerable interest. The finding that resveratrol supplementation mimics caloric restriction prompted researchers to study the effects of resveratrol on lipid metabolism. Mesenchymal stem cells are the precursors for both adipocytes and osteoblasts. In the aging population, differentiation to adipocytes dominates over the differentiation to osteoblasts in bone marrow, contributing to the increased tendency for fractures to occur in the elderly. Thus, an inverse relationship exists between adipocytes and osteoblasts in the bone marrow. Resveratrol acts on several molecular targets in adipocytes and osteoblasts leading to a decrease in adipocyte number and size and an increase in osteogenesis. Furthermore, resveratrol in combination with genistein and quercetin synergistically decreased adipogenesis in murine and human adipocytes. A recent in vivo study showed that phytochemicals including resveratrol in combination with vitamin D prevented weight gain and bone loss in a postmenopausal rat model. Therefore, combinations of resveratrol with other phytochemicals may lead to potential novel potent therapies for both obesity and osteoporosis.
Cancer chemoprevention with green tea catechins by targeting receptor tyrosine kinases
Authors: Shimizu Masahito , Adachi Seiji , Masuda Muneyuki , Kozawa Osamu , Moriwaki Hisataka 
Published: May 2011

AbstractRecent studies indicate that receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), which play important roles in cell proliferation, are one of the possible targets of green tea catechins (GTCs) in cancer cell growth inhibition. (−)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), the major catechin in green tea, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in various types of cancer cells, including colorectal cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cells, by blocking the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family of RTKs. EGCG inhibits the activation of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) and VEGFR2, the other members of the RTK family, and this effect is also associated with the anticancer and chemopreventive properties of this agent. EGCG suppresses the activation of EGFR in part by altering membrane lipid organization and causing the subsequent inhibition of the dimerization and activation of this receptor. Preliminary trials have shown that GTCs successfully prevent the development and progression of precancerous lesions, such as colorectal adenomas, without causing severe adverse effects. The present report reviews evidence indicating that GTCs exert anticancer and chemopreventive effects by inhibiting the activation of specific RTKs, especially EGFR, IGF‐1R, and VEGFR2, and concludes that targeting RTKs and their related signaling pathways by using tea catechins could be a promising strategy for the prevention of human cancers.
The role of antioxidant versus pro‐oxidant effects of green tea polyphenols in cancer prevention
Authors: Forester Sarah C. , Lambert Joshua D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractConsumption of green tea (Camellia sinensis) may provide protection against chronic diseases, including cancer. Green tea polyphenols are believed to be responsible for this cancer preventive effect, and the antioxidant activity of the green tea polyphenols has been implicated as a potential mechanism. This hypothesis has been difficult to study in vivo due to metabolism of these compounds and poor understanding of the redox environment in vivo. Green tea polyphenols can be direct antioxidants by scavenging reactive oxygen species or chelating transition metals as has been demonstrated in vitro. Alternatively, they may act indirectly by upregulating phase II antioxidant enzymes. Evidence of this latter effect has been observed in vivo, yet more work is required to determine under which conditions these mechanisms occur. Green tea polyphenols can also be potent pro‐oxidants, both in vitro and in vivo, leading to the formation of hydrogen peroxide, the hydroxyl radical, and superoxide anion. The potential role of these pro‐oxidant effects in the cancer preventive activity of green tea is not well understood. The evidence for not only the antioxidant, but also pro‐oxidant, properties of green tea is discussed in the present review.
Curcumin reduces pulmonary tumorigenesis in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐overexpressing transgenic mice
Authors: Tung Yu‐Tang , Chen Hsiao‐Ling , Lai Cheng‐Wei , Shen Chih‐Jie , Lai Yi‐Wen , Chen Chuan‐Mu 
Published: May 2011

AbstractScope: We investigated the inhibition of pulmonary tumor formation through treatment with curcumin in transgenic mice.Methods and results: In this study, a strain of transgenic mice carrying human vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (hVEGF‐A165) gene to induce pulmonary tumor was used as an in vivo cancer therapy model. We found that curcumin significantly reduced hVEGF‐A165 overexpression to normal, specifically in Clara cells of the lungs of transgenic mice, and suppressed the formation of tumors. In addition, we demonstrated a relationship between curcumin treatment and the expression of VEGF, EGFR, ERK2, and Cyclin A at the transcriptional and translational levels. We also noticed a reduction of Cyclin A and Cyclin B after curcumin treatment that had an effect on the cell cycle. Curcumin‐induced inhibition of Cyclin A and Cyclin B likely results in decreased progression through S and G2/M phases. These results demonstrated that the expression of proteins involved in the S to M phase transition in transgenic mice is suppressed by curcumin.Conclusion: A Data suggest that a blockade of the cell cycle may be a critical mechanism for the observed effects on vasculogenesis and angiogenesis following treatment with curcumin.