bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Bisphosphonates on Anodized and Heat‐Treated Titanium Surfaces: An Animal Experimental Study
Authors: Lee Seung‐Jae , Oh Tae‐Ju , Bae Tae‐Sung , Lee Min‐Ho , Soh Yunjo , Kim Byung‐Il , Kim Hyung Seop 
Published: December 2010

Background:Recent investigations reported that osseointegration of titanium implants can be significantly reinforced with a nanostructure treated with anodic oxidation and heat treatment. This experimental study investigates the effect of bisphosphonates on the nanotubular implant surface in rats.Methods:Thirty‐six titanium implants were divided into three groups: 1) machine‐turned (MT), 2) anodized and heat‐treated (AH), and 3) anodized and heat‐ and bisphosphonate‐treated (AHB) groups. The 36 implants were randomly placed in both tibias of 18 male Wistar rats. After 2 and 4 weeks, the levels of osseointegration of the implants were evaluated by a removal torque test and microcomputerized tomography (μCT). Peri‐implant bone tissue on the extracted region was examined for the expression of type I collagen and osteocalcin.Results:The AHB group showed the highest removal torque at 2 and 4 weeks (13.92 ± 1.51 Ncm and 18.10 ± 2.15 Ncm, respectively) followed, in order, by the AH group (11.63 ± 1.58 Ncm at 2 weeks and 14.80 ± 2.34 Ncm at 4 weeks) and MT group (4.30 ± 0.76 Ncm at 2 weeks and 6.20 ± 1.33 Ncm at 4 weeks) with statistically significant differences between the MT and other two groups at both time points. μCT images also revealed a denser appearance around implants in the AHB group than in the other groups. Levels of type I collagen and osteocalcin expression were similar between the MT and AH groups; however, the values were significantly higher in the AHB group compared to the other groups, which were 220.85% ± 71.09% and 363.04% ± 100.21%, respectively (P<0.05).Conclusion:Within the limits of this experiment, it was concluded that surface loading with bisphosphonates significantly improved the degree of osseointegration of titanium implants with a nanostructure.
The effect of iron nanocrystallites’ size in catalysts for ammonia synthesis on nitriding reaction and catalytic ammonia decomposition
Authors: Pelka Rafał , Kiełbasa Karolina , Arabczyk Walerian 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Iron catalyst for ammonia synthesis of various mean sizes of iron nanocrystallites were nitrided with ammonia in a differential reactor equipped with systems that made it possible to conduct both thermogravimetric measurements and hydrogen concentration analyses in the reacting gas mixture. The nitriding process was investigated under atmospheric pressure at the temperature of 475°C. It was found that along with an increase of mean size of iron nanocrystallites, with a decrease of specific surface area of the samples, nitriding degree of solid samples increased. At the same time the rate of surface reaction of catalytic ammonia decomposition decreased. Along with an increase of the samples’ specific surface area an increase of the catalyst’s activity was observed. However, it was also observed that the concentration of active sites on the catalysts’ surface decreased along with an increase of specific surface area.
Metric subregularity of order q and the solving of inclusions
Authors: Gaydu Michaël , Geoffroy Michel , Jean-Alexis Célia 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
We consider some metric regularity properties of order q for set-valued mappings and we establish several characterizations of these concepts in terms of Hölder-like properties of the inverses of the mappings considered. In addition, we show that even if these properties are weaker than the classical notions of regularity for set-valued maps, they allow us to solve variational inclusions under mild assumptions.
Positive characteristic analogs of closed polynomials
Authors: Jędrzejewicz Piotr 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The notion of a closed polynomial over a field of zero characteristic was introduced by Nowicki and Nagata. In this paper we discuss possible ways to define an analog of this notion over fields of positive characteristic. We are mostly interested in conditions of maximality of the algebra generated by a polynomial in a respective family of rings. We also present a modification of the condition of integral closure and discuss a condition involving partial derivatives.
Effective electromagnetic lagrangian at finite temperature and density in the electroweak model
Authors: Erdas Andrea 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Using the exact propagators in a constant magnetic field, the effective electromagnetic lagrangian at finite temperature and density is calculated to all orders in the field strength B within the framework of the complete electroweak model, in the weak coupling limit. The partition function and free energy are obtained explicitly and the finite temperature effective coupling is derived in closed form. Some implications of this result, potentially interesting to astrophysics and cosmology, are discussed.
Insight into the degradation of a manganese(III)-citrate complex in aqueous solutions
Authors: Topolski Adrian 
Published: December 2010

AbstractKinetics of the electron transfer process between citrates and manganese(III) ions has been studied in acidic aqueous solutions. Acidification of the reaction mixture increased the reaction rate. The reaction is dependent on pH because there are two main protolytic forms of the Mn(III)-citrate complex in the studied pH range (4.5–6.5). Reduction potentials of Mn(III)/Mn(II) system in acidic and basic solutions as well as protolytic equilibria play a crucial role in understanding the pH profile of the studied system. The rate constants for Mn(III)citH and Mn(III)citH2+ species degradation processes are presented (citH3− and citH22− are trivalent and divalent anions of citric acid, citH4, respectively). Protolytic constant (expressed as pK′a) for Mn(III)citH protonation is estimated and discussed.
An expeditious, environment-friendly, and microwave-assisted synthesis of 5-isatinylidenerhodanine derivatives
Authors: Safer Abdelmounaim , Rahmouni Mustapha , Carreaux François , Paquin Ludovic , Lozach Olivier , Meijer Laurent , Bazureau Jean 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA series of nine 5-arylidenerhodanine derivatives was prepared in good yields and purity without the use of a solvent or catalyst under microwave-assisted condensation with some substituted isatins. All 5-arylidenerhodanines were evaluated as possible inhibitors of the CK1α/β, CDK5/p25, and GSK-3α/β kinases. None of them showed substantive inhibitory activity against these kinases when evaluated at the concentration of 10 μM.
Influence of the solvent donor number on the O/W partition ratio of Cu(II) complexes of 1,2-dialkylimidazoles
Authors: Radzyminska-Lenarcik Elzbieta 
Published: December 2010

AbstractExtraction experiments are presented dealing with the partition of Cu(II) complexes of 1-alkyl-2-methylimidazoles, 1-alkyl-2-ethylimidazoles, 1-alkyl-2-propylimidazoles, 1-alkyl-2-butylimidazoles, and 1-alkyl-2-pentylimidazoles (where alkyl = ethyl, butyl, hexyl) between water and an immiscible organic solvent (chloroform, methylene chloride, 2-ethylhexanol, isoamyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, methyl propyl ketone, and toluene). It has been shown that the partition ratios of Cu(II) complexes are dependent on the donor number (DN) of the solvent and the partition ratios increase distinctly with their increase in DN.
Quaternary phosphonium salts as effective extractants of zinc(II) and iron(III) ions from acidic pickling solutions
Authors: Marszałkowska Barbara , Regel-Rosocka Magdalena , Nowak Łukasz , Wiśniewski Maciej 
Published: December 2010

Quaternary phosphonium salts as effective extractants of zinc(II) and iron(III) ions from acidic pickling solutions
Extraction of zinc(II) and iron(III) from hydrochloric acid solutions using quaternary phosphonium salts, Cyphos® IL 101, Cyphos® IL 104, Cyphos® IL109 and Cyphos® IL 111 in mixtures with toluene, was studied. Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride (Cyphos® IL 101) and trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinate (Cyphos® IL 104) showed the best zinc(II) and iron(III) extraction abilities. After three stages of zinc(II) extraction with Cyphos® IL 101 and Cyphos® IL 104 the efficiencies were 100 and 93.6%, respectively. Total iron(III) transport to the organic phase was achieved after two separation stages and amounted to 82.1 and 100% for Cyphos® IL 101 and Cyphos® IL 104, respectively. Zinc(II) and iron(III) could be effectively stripped from the loaded organic phases with 0.5 mol dm-3 sulfuric acid. The more hydrophobic the character of the anion type of phosphonium salts, the lower the efficiency of extraction.
Indicators of water consumption and the quantity of wastewater formed in selected branches of food industry
Authors: Strzelczyk Maria , Steinhoff-Wrześniewska Aleksandra , Rajmund Agnieszka 
Published: December 2010

Indicators of water consumption and the quantity of wastewater formed in selected branches of food industry
The studies covered the branches: sugar industry, fruit-and-vegetable processing and potato processing plants. The analyses of water consumption and quantities of wastewater formed in 24 production plants were performed in the paper. A comparison of water and wastewater management in three branches showed that the highest water consumption is in fruit-and-vegetable processing. The data collected in the paper indicates the drop of water consumption in potato as well as fruit-and-vegetable industry. The values obtained for sugar industry indicate that it is the least diversified branch.
Impact of composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge on the content of the total forms of copper, manganese and zinc in soil
Authors: Krzywy-Gawrońska Ewa 
Published: December 2010

Impact of composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge on the content of the total forms of copper, manganese and zinc in soil
Pot experiment was conducted in the hall of vegetation at University of Agriculture in Szczecin over the years 2001 - 2003 on the soil of IVa complex of agriculture usefulness (very good rye) numbered among loamy sand as regards to the granulometric composition. The composts used in the experiment were after 8 months of decomposition. There was more nitrogen and phosphorus in the composts in comparison with potassium. In the pattern of the research the doses of composts, corresponding with 100, 200 and 300 kg N·ha-1, i.e. 0.63; 0.99 and 0.126 g N pot were used. The experiment was conducted in four repetitions. In 2001 spring rape Licomos variety was the test plant, in 2002 it was the spring triticale Wanad variety and in 2003 oats Polar variety. In the second and third year of the research of the soil there was 0.475 g N, 0.137 g P and 0.315 g K applied into every pot. It corresponded with the doses of 150 kg N·ha-1, 43.6 P·ha-1 and 100 kg K·ha-1. Mineral fertilizers were used in the form of urea, double superphosphate, 60% potassium salt.
The obtained results of the research indicate that the content of the total forms of copper, manganese and zinc in the composts, with the participation of sewage sludge fulfilled the norms concerning the organic fertilizers.
Over the years, since the time of an application into the soil the composts with the participation of municipal sewage sludge, the content of the total forms of copper, manganese and zinc has decreased. It was caused by the uptake of these micronutrients by plants.
LiOH.H2O as a catalyst for Knoevenagel and Gewald reactions
Authors: Gouda Moustafa 
Published: December 2010

LiOH.H2O as a catalyst for Knoevenagel and Gewald reactions
Commercial available lithium hydroxide monohydrate LiOH.H2O was found to be a novel ‘dual activation’ catalyst for tandem cross Knoevenagel condensation between malononitrile or ethylcyanoacetate and aromatic aldehydes leading to an efficient and easy synthesis of the corresponding arylidenes at room temperature in a short reaction time. In the case of salicyaldehyde the reaction lead to the formation of 3-substituted coumarins. The high efficacy, cheapness and easy availability of LiOH.H2O prompted us to investigate its validity as a basic catalyst for Gewald reaction.
Precipitation of jarosite as a purifying procedure of the solution obtained after leaching of zinc secondary material
Authors: Jarosiński Andrzej , Przybyła Artur 
Published: December 2010

Precipitation of jarosite as a purifying procedure of the solution obtained after leaching of zinc secondary material
Zinc oxide derived from processing of the slime obtained in an industrial process of electrolytic zinc obtaining was leached with the aqueous sulfuric acid solution. The effect of temperature and time on the extent of leaching was determined. The conditions lead to zinc recovery of about 90%. It was found that the extent of arsenic leaching did not depend upon the time and temperature of leaching. Next the conditions of the solution purification procedure were determined. It was found that jarosite formation as well as the degree of arsenic removal is connected with trivalent iron concentration in the solution.
Thermal degradation of poly(alkyl methacrylates) and polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives
Authors: Zych Krzysztof , Pełech Robert , Czech Zbigniew 
Published: December 2010

Thermal degradation of poly(alkyl methacrylates) and polyurethane pressure-sensitive adhesives
Gas chromatography, coupled with the temperature controlled pyrolysis technique, can be used as a quick method of identification of polymers such as acrylates, methacrylates and polyurethanes. Polymers based on alkyl methacrylates are widely used as construction materials and coatings. Polyurethanes are widely used as self-adhesives, sealants and electrical products (due to polyurethane's low glass transition temperature Tg). The aim of this work is to investigate which products can be obtained from polymethacrylates and polyurethanes.
A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light
Authors: Markowska-Szczupak Agata , Ulfig Krzysztof , Grzmil Barbara , Morawski Antoni 
Published: December 2010

A preliminary study on antifungal effect of TiO2-based paints in natural indoor light
The antifungal activity of four commercial photocatalytic paints (KEIM Ecosil ME, Titanium FA, Photo Silicate and Silicate D) in natural indoor light was investigated. The paints contained TiO2 in rutile and anatase crystalline forms as evidenced by means of the X-ray diffraction analysis. In most cases the paints inhibited growth of fungi viz. Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Coonemeria crustacea, Eurotium herbariorum, and Dactylomyces sp. The KEIM Ecosil ME paint displayed the highest antifungal effect in the light, which could be explained with the highest anatase content. The paint antifungal activity and the fungal sensitivity to the TiO2-mediated photocatalytic reaction both decreased in the following orders: KEIM Ecosil ME > Titanium FA > Photo Silicate > Silicate D and T. viride > Dactylomyces sp. > A. niger > E. herbariorum.
UV-crosslinkable warm-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives based on acrylics
Authors: Czech Zbigniew , Butwin Agnieszka 
Published: December 2010

UV-crosslinkable warm-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives based on acrylics
The target of this article is to show the preparation of new generation of UV-crosslinkable warm-melt acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) and the experimental test of their adhesive properties in comparison with typical conventional hot-melts adhesives. New generation of UV-crosslinkable acrylic warm-melts PSAs containing unsaturated photoinitiator, incorporated during polymerization process into polymer chain, and photoreactive diluents added to PSA systems after polymerization allows producing of wide range of self-adhesive materials, such as labels, mounting tapes, masking and splicing tapes, and sign and marking films.
Have Anxiety Disorders Been Disowned By Psychiatrists?
Authors: Starcevic Vladan 
Published: December 2010

Objective: The aim of this paper was to examine the place of anxiety disorders in contemporary psychiatry, its origins, and possible implications for the future of psychiatry. Conclusions: Several factors have led psychiatry away from neuroses and anxiety disorders and towards depression as a social paradigm of distress: a perception that anxiety disorders have relatively little relevance, the decline of psychoanalysis and rise of biological psychiatry, the downfall of the benzodiazepines and a failure to replace them with better anxiolytics, and the development of newer antidepressants. The subsequent imposition of the rigid conceptual dichotomy between depression and anxiety strengthened a notion that the focus of psychiatry should be on the ‘depression side’ of this divide. Having promoted cognitive-behavioural therapy as the best treatment for anxiety disorders, clinical psychologists have largely ‘taken over’ the anxiety disorders from psychiatrists. It is suggested that psychiatrists’ surrender of the anxiety disorders may have negative consequences for the future of psychiatry.
Pharmacological Treatment of Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Psychogeriatric Inpatient Units
Authors: Restifo Sam , Lemon Vivienne , Waters Flavie 
Published: December 2010

Objective: This study involved an examination of the current patterns of pharmacological treatment of patients with behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in psychogeriatric inpatient units. Method: An audit was conducted of discharge medications of patients with BPSD who were hospitalized at three separate inpatient units in Perth, Western Australia over a 1-year period. Results: Prescribing patterns were found to be relatively similar across the three units. Dementia-specific drugs such as choline-esterase inhibitors and memantine comprised a minority of prescribed medication. Antipsychotics, benzodiazepines and sodium valproate were the most commonly prescribed drugs. Cyproterone acetate was used in a small number of patients at each of the three units. Conclusions: The broad range of medications used to treat BPSD, the relatively modest place of dementia-specific drugs in this patient group, and the co-prescribing of more than one psychotropic agent in the majority of patients support the prevailing impressions that BPSD are difficult to treat and that there is no consistently effective or superior medication or drug group.
Simplicial Complexes and Open Subsets of Non-Separable LF-Spaces
Authors: Mine Kotaro , Sakai Katsuro 
Published: December 2010

Abstract Let F be a non-separable LF-space homeomorphic to the direct sum , where . It is proved that every open subset U of F is homeomorphic to the product |K| × F for some locally finite-dimensional simplicial complex K such that every vertex v ∈ K(0) has the star St(v, K) with card St(v, K)(0) < 𝒯 = sup 𝒯n (and card K(0) ≤ 𝒯 ), and, conversely, if K is such a simplicial complex, then the product |K| × F can be embedded in F as an open set, where |K| is the polyhedron of K with the metric topology.
Locally Indecomposable Galois Representations
Authors: Ghate Eknath , Vatsal Vinayak 
Published: December 2010

Abstract In a previous paper the authors showed that, under some technical conditions, the local Galois representations attached to the members of a non-CM family of ordinary cusp forms are indecomposable for all except possibly finitely many members of the family. In this paper we use deformation theoretic methods to give examples of non-CM families for which every classical member of weight at least two has a locally indecomposable Galois representation.
Enhancement of the liquid feed distribution in gas‐solid fluidized beds by nozzle pulsations (induced by solenoid valve)
Authors: Sabouni Rana , Leach Aidan , Briens Cedric , Berruti Franco 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIn this work, it was found that spray nozzles pulsations greatly improved the liquid feed spray distribution on fluidized bed particles. Pulsating a spray nozzle doubled its nozzle performance index at various operating conditions. The objective of this study was to impose fluctuations of well‐defined frequency and amplitude on the liquid spray to investigate potentially beneficial effects of fluctuations on the liquid feed distribution on the particles in the fluidized bed. Three sets of experiments were conducted to study the quality of the spray jet‐bed interaction using a conductance probe method. The jet penetration for each experiment was calculated theoretically. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
Internal model control design for input‐constrained multivariable processes
Authors: Adegbege Ambrose A. , Heath William P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractMultivariable plants under input constraints such as actuator saturation are liable to performance deterioration due to control windup and directionality change. A two‐stage internal model control (IMC) antiwindup design for open loop stable plants is presented. The design is based on the solution of two low‐order quadratic programs at each time step, which addresses both transient and steady‐state behaviors of the system. For analyzing the robust stability of such systems against any infinity‐norm bounded uncertainty, stability test have also been developed. In particular, we note that the controller input‐output mappings satisfy certain integral quadratic constraints. Simulated examples show that the two‐stage IMC has superior performance when compared with other existing optimization‐based antiwindup methods. The stability test is illustrated for a plant with left matrix fraction uncertainty. A scenario where the proposed two‐stage IMC competes favorably with a long prediction horizon model predictive control is described. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011
When does a vessel become a pipe?
Authors: Mahgerefteh Haroun , Jalali Navid , Fernandez Maria Isabel 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe conditions under which the transient outflow from a punctured pipeline may be approximated as that emanating from a vessel using a simplified analytically based vessel blowdown model (VBM) is investigated in this article. The above addresses the fundamental drawback of long computational run times associated with the numerically based techniques used for simulating pipeline puncture failures. The efficacy of the VBM is tested by comparison of its predictions against simulation data obtained using a validated rigorous but computationally demanding numerical technique based on the method of characteristics. The results show that the accuracy of the VBM increases with decreasing puncture/pipe diameter ratio, line pressure, and increasing pipeline length. Surprisingly, the VBM produces more accurate predictions for two‐phase mixtures when compared with permanent gases. This is found to be a consequence of the better applicability of the isothermal bulk fluid decompression assumption within the pipeline in the case of two‐phase mixtures. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2011