bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive non‐invasive ventilation treatment for sleep apnea
Authors: Tehrani Fleur T. , Roum James H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of two non‐invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) modalities to treat sleep apnea: (1) Average Volume Assured Pressure Support (AVAPS) NIV, and (2) Pressure Support (PS) NIV with Continuously Calculated Average Required Ventilation (CCARV). Two detailed (previously developed and tested) simulation models were used to assess the effectiveness of the NIV modalities. One simulated subjects without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the other simulated patients with COPD. Sleep apnea was simulated in each model (COPD and Non‐COPD), and the ability of each NIV modality to normalize breathing was measured. In both NIV modalities, a low level continuous positive airway pressure was used and a backup respiratory rate was added to the algorithm in order to minimize the respiratory work rate. Both modalities could help normalize breathing in response to an episode of sleep apnea within about 5 min (during which time blood gases were within safe limits). AVAPS NIV and PS NIV with CCARV have potential value to be used for treatment of sleep apnea. Clinical evaluations are needed to fully assess the effectiveness of these NIV modalities.
A fixed‐frequency control method for wireless power transmission battery chargers using a dual‐function compensator
Authors: Bajelvand Sina , Babaki Amir , Jafari‐Natanzi Alireza , Yazdian Varjani Ali , Vaez‐Zadeh Sadegh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHigh efficiency and unity power factor (PF) are the most important requirements of a wireless charger system simultaneous with the output voltage regulation. Achieving all above‐mentioned criteria in a wide range of the load is challenging in the system. This paper presents a novel control approach applied to series‐series wireless power transmission converter by using a dual‐function compensator to achieve unity PF and maximum efficiency during the constant power‐constant voltage (CP‐CV) charging scenarios. A semi‐active rectifier with impedance matching capability along with a switch‐controlled capacitor constitutes the dual‐function compensator on the secondary side. Meanwhile, the primary side inverter executes the CP‐CV charging scenario for the battery with various charging characteristics at a fixed‐switching frequency. Besides that, all secondary side switches experience soft switching condition throughout the battery charging. Finally, a prototype with a power of 200 W and roughly regulated efficiency of 90% is presented in order to verify the proposed control method.
Deep learning model for enhanced power loss prediction in the frequency domain for magnetic materials
Authors: Sapkota Dixant Bikal , Neupane Puskar , Joshi Mecon , Khan Shahabuddin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper outlines the methodology for predicting power loss in magnetic materials. It starts by introducing the concept of core loss and the complexity of modelling it. Steinmetz's equation is presented to calculate power loss based on frequency and magnetic flux density, but its limitations are highlighted. As an alternative, a neural network‐based method is introduced. The proposed methodology adopts a long short‐term memory network, expressing the core loss as a function of magnetic flux density, frequency, temperature, and wave classification. Fast Fourier transform was implemented to reduce the data points of the sampled flux density waveform while preserving its characteristics. Analyzing in the frequency domain enabled streamlining the training of the model. The input features were arranged as required, and the network architecture was designed with appropriate layers and optimal activation functions. Through extensive training using the datasets, the model assimilated intricate relationships between input variables and known power loss. Evaluation and validation metrics were subsequently employed to gauge the performance of the trained network. This innovative methodology aims to significantly augment the precision of power loss predictions, providing valuable insights into the nuanced behaviour of magnetic materials.
A novel WDOB‐based strategy endows droop‐controlled grid‐forming converters better dynamic and static performance in DC microgrids
Authors: Xie Wenqiang , Zheng Xian , Shi Mingming , Sun Tiankui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe droop control strategy is popularly employed in DC microgrids. However, its virtual resistance will cause voltage deviation and reduce transient response. The DOB‐based method is proven to improve transient response in literature. However, it is analyzed in this study that this method will negatively influence the current sharing when employed in droop control. A weakened disturbance observation (WDOB) is proposed in this work to improve the drawbacks. To employ the proposed method, the equivalent models of the droop controller and the physical system are separately established, and several transformations are conducted. An auxiliary compensation is added and the current loop is considered as a whole to be transmitted into the control plant, making the traditional DOB method successfully adopted. It is obvious that the dynamic performance is improved, but it disabled virtual resistance in the steady‐state. And the current sharing cannot be achieved in a multi‐converter parallel system. The reason for this problem is analyzed from the control process and transfer function, and the WDOB solution is finally proposed. Through the proposed method, both aims of improving dynamic response and current sharing can be achieved, and the steady voltage deviation is much less than that of the traditional droop controller.
Better or worse? Revealing the impact of common institutional ownership on annual report readability
Authors: Jiang Zhenyu , Hu Lingshan , Wang Zongjun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBased on the data on Chinese listed companies over the period from 2007–2021, the relationship between common institutional ownership (CIO) and annual report readability (ARR) is revealed in this paper. The results show that CIO reduces ARR. After a series of robustness tests, this conclusion continues to hold. Further analyses indicate that in situations where analyst attention, industry concentration, and media coverage are high, the above negative relationship is more significant. In addition, operational risks play a mediating role between CIO and ARR. This study enriches the evidence supporting the collusive manipulation effect of CIO.
Deciphering of the morpho-physiological traits of two native grasses from Argentina with contrasting drought resistance strategies
Authors: Cenzano Ana M. , Arslan Idris , Furlan Ana , Varela M. Celeste , Reginato Mariana 
Published: May 2024

Context Semiarid environments, such as the Patagonian shrublands, are characterised by having shrubby patches surrounded by grasses with different ecophysiological strategies to tolerate long dry periods. Aims We hypothesised that coexisting grasses of the Patagonian rangeland, already classified as drought-escaping or drought-tolerant, have different traits according to the season and the annual rainfall events. Methods Two dominant native grasses were selected: Pappostipa speciosa (evergreen) and Poa ligularis (deciduous). Samples were collected in the four seasons for the term of 1 year. Rainfall events and soil water content of each season were determined. Spring was the wettest season and autumn the driest. Physiological (relative water content, pigments, hormones), biochemical (polyphenols, antioxidant activity) and morphological traits were measured in the four seasons. Key results P. speciosa was characterised by keeping evergreen leaves with high production of polyphenols as secondary metabolites with high antioxidant capacity during the dry autumn and winter seasons. P. ligularis was characterised by high contents of gibberellin (GA1), auxin (IAA), total phenols, total flavonoids and tartaric acid esters, and high antioxidant capacity in roots during the autumn dry season. In addition, P. ligularis leaves had higher content of carotenoids and polyphenols than P. speciosa during the summer dry season. Conclusions The major adaptive strategy to tolerate dry periods is the high activity of the secondary metabolism, mainly in leaves in P. speciosa (a drought-tolerant grass) and in roots in P. ligularis (a drought-escaping grass). Implications Rainfall variations during a year can affect the phenological growth stages and the metabolism of two native grasses from Argentina characterised by different drought resistance mechanisms.
Older people’s goals of care in relation to frailty status—the COOP-study
Authors: van der Klei Veerle M G T H , Drewes Yvonne M , van Raaij Bas F M , van Dalsen Maaike D W , Julien Anneke G , Festen Jan , Polinder-Bos Harmke , Mooijaart Simon P , Gussekloo Jacobijn , van den Bos Frederiek ,   the COVID-19 Outcomes in Older People (COOP)-consortium, Moons Karel G M , van Smeden Maarten , Luijken Kim , Elders Petra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Literature relating older people’s goals of care to their varying frailty status is scarce.

Objective
To investigate goals of care in case of acute and/or severe disease in relationship to frailty status among the general older population.

Method
Older people aged ≥70 in the Netherlands completed a questionnaire. They were divided into three subgroups based on a self-reported Clinical Frailty Scale: fit (CFS 1–3), mildly frail (CFS 4–5) and severely frail (CFS 6–8). Seven goals were graded as unimportant (1–5), somewhat important (6–7) or very important (8–10): extending life, preserving quality of life (QoL), staying independent, relieving symptoms, supporting others, preventing hospital admission and preventing nursing home admission.

Results
Of the 1,278 participants (median age 76 years, 63% female), 57% was fit, 32% mildly frail and 12% severely frail. Overall, participants most frequently considered preventing nursing home admission as very important (87%), followed by staying independent (84%) and preserving QoL (83%), and least frequently considered extending life as very important (31%). All frailty subgroups reported similar preferences out of the surveyed goals as the overall study population. However, participants with a higher frailty status attached slightly less importance to each individual goal compared with fit participants (Ptrend-values ≤ 0.037).

Conclusion
Preferred goals of care are not related to frailty status, while the importance ascribed to individual goals is slightly lower with higher frailty status. Future research should prioritise outcomes related to the shared goals of fit, mildly frail and severely frail older people to improve personalised medicine for older patients.
Development of the Community-based complex Interventions to sustain Independence in Older People (CII-OP) typology: a qualitative synthesis of interventions in randomised controlled trials
Authors: Crocker Thomas Frederick , Jordão Magda , Lam Natalie , Ramiz Ridha , Mirza Lubena , Patel Ismail , Ellwood Alison , Patetsini Eleftheria , Ensor Joie , Forster Anne , Clegg Andrew , Gladman John ,   The HTA complex interventions review team, Andre Deirdre , Bajpai Ram , Bond Matthew , Green John , Morgan Jessica , Riley Richard D , Walford Rebecca 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Community-based services to sustain independence for older people have varying configurations. A typology of these interventions would improve service provision and research by providing conceptual clarity and enabling the identification of effective configurations. We aimed to produce such a typology.

Method
We developed our typology by qualitatively synthesising community-based complex interventions to sustain independence in older people, evaluated in randomised controlled trials (RCTs), in four stages: (i) systematically identifying relevant RCTs; (ii) extracting descriptions of interventions (including control) using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication; (iii) generating categories of key intervention features and (iv) grouping the interventions based on these categories. PROSPERO registration: CRD42019162195.

Results
Our search identified 129 RCTs involving 266 intervention arms. The Community-based complex Interventions to sustain Independence in Older People (CII-OP) typology comprises 14 action components and 5 tailoring components. Action components include procedures for treating patients or otherwise intended to directly improve their outcomes; regular examples include formal homecare; physical exercise; health education; activities of daily living training; providing aids and adaptations and nutritional support. Tailoring components involve a process that may result in care planning, with multiple action components being planned, recommended or prescribed. Multifactorial action from care planning was the most common tailoring component. It involves individualised, multidomain assessment and management, as in comprehensive geriatric assessment. Sixty-three different intervention types (combinations) were identified.

Conclusions
Our typology provides an empirical basis for service planning and evidence synthesis. We recommend better reporting about organisational aspects of interventions and usual care.
A process evaluation of the NIDUS-Professional dementia training intervention for UK homecare workers
Authors: Kelleher Daniel , Windle Karen , Randell Rebecca , Lord Kathryn , Duffy Larisa , Akhtar Amirah , Budgett Jessica , Zabihi Sedigheh , Banks Sara , Rapaport Penny , Lee Teresa , Barber Julie , Orgeta Vasiliki , Manthorpe Jill , Walters Kate , Rockwood Kenneth , Dow Briony , Hoe Juanita , Banerjee Sube , Cooper Claudia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
This process evaluation was conducted in parallel to the randomised controlled feasibility trial of NIDUS-Professional, a manualised remote dementia training intervention for homecare workers (HCWs), delivered alongside an individualised intervention for clients living with dementia and their family carers (NIDUS-Family). The process evaluation reports on: (i) intervention reach, dose and fidelity; (ii) contexts influencing agency engagement and (iii) alignment of findings with theoretical assumptions about how the intervention might produce change.

Methods
We report proportions of eligible HCWs receiving any intervention (reach), number of sessions attended (dose; attending ≥4/6 main sessions was predefined as adhering), intervention fidelity and adherence of clients and carers to NIDUS-Family (attending all 6–8 planned sessions). We interviewed HCWs, managers, family carers and facilitators. We integrated and thematically analysed, at the homecare agency level, qualitative interview and intervention recording data.

Results
32/141 (23%) of eligible HCWs and 7/42 (17%) of family carers received any intervention; most who did adhered to the intervention (89% and 71%). Intervention fidelity was high. We analysed interviews with 20/44 HCWs, 3/4 managers and 3/7 family carers, as well as intervention recordings involving 32/44 HCWs. All agencies reported structural challenges in supporting intervention delivery. Agencies with greater management buy-in had higher dose and reach. HCWs valued NIDUS-Professional for enabling group reflection and peer support, providing practical, actionable care strategies and increasing their confidence as practitioners.

Conclusion
NIDUS-Professional was valued by HCWs. Agency management, culture and priorities were key barriers to implementation; we discuss how to address these in a future trial.
d-Arabitol production by a high arabitol-producing yeast, Zygosaccharomyces sp. Gz-5 isolated from miso
Authors: Iwata Kan , Kanokozawa Rikuo , Iwata Aoi , Maeda Mayumi , Maehashi Kenji , Yoshikawa Jun 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
d-Arabitol, an alternative sweetener to sugar, has low calorie content, high sweetness, low glycemic index, and insulin resistance-improving ability. In this study, d-arabitol-producing yeast strains were isolated from various commercial types of miso, and strain Gz-5 was selected among these strains. Phylogenetic tree analysis of the internal transcribed spacer sequence revealed that strain Gz-5 was distinct from Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, a major fermenting yeast of miso. The strain, identified as Zygosaccharomyces sp. Gz-5, grew better than other Z. rouxii in 150 g/L NaCl and produced 114 g/L d-arabitol from 295 g/L glucose in a batch culture for 8 days (0.386 g/g-consumed glucose). In a fed-batch culture, the yeast produced 133 g/L d-arabitol for 14 days, and the total d-arabitol amount increased by 1.75-fold. These results indicated that Zygosaccharomyces sp. Gz-5, a non-genetically modified strain, has excellent potential for the industrial production of d-arabitol.
Benchmarking mapping algorithms for cell-type annotating in mouse brain by integrating single-nucleus RNA-seq and Stereo-seq data
Authors: Tao Quyuan , Xu Yiheng , He Youzhe , Luo Ting , Li Xiaoming , Han Lei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Limited gene capture efficiency and spot size of spatial transcriptome (ST) data pose significant challenges in cell-type characterization. The heterogeneity and complexity of cell composition in the mammalian brain make it more challenging to accurately annotate ST data from brain. Many algorithms attempt to characterize subtypes of neuron by integrating ST data with single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) or single-cell RNA sequencing. However, assessing the accuracy of these algorithms on Stereo-seq ST data remains unresolved. Here, we benchmarked 9 mapping algorithms using 10 ST datasets from four mouse brain regions in two different resolutions and 24 pseudo-ST datasets from snRNA-seq. Both actual ST data and pseudo-ST data were mapped using snRNA-seq datasets from the corresponding brain regions as reference data. After comparing the performance across different areas and resolutions of the mouse brain, we have reached the conclusion that both robust cell-type decomposition and SpatialDWLS demonstrated superior robustness and accuracy in cell-type annotation. Testing with publicly available snRNA-seq data from another sequencing platform in the cortex region further validated our conclusions. Altogether, we developed a workflow for assessing suitability of mapping algorithm that fits for ST datasets, which can improve the efficiency and accuracy of spatial data annotation.
MSModDetector: a tool for detecting mass shifts and post-translational modifications in individual ion mass spectrometry data
Authors: Faizi Marjan , Fellers Ryan T , Lu Dan , Drown Bryon S , Jambhekar Ashwini , Lahav Galit , Kelleher Neil L , Gunawardena Jeremy 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) on proteins regulate protein structures and functions. A single protein molecule can possess multiple modification sites that can accommodate various PTM types, leading to a variety of different patterns, or combinations of PTMs, on that protein. Different PTM patterns can give rise to distinct biological functions. To facilitate the study of multiple PTMs on the same protein molecule, top-down mass spectrometry (MS) has proven to be a useful tool to measure the mass of intact proteins, thereby enabling even PTMs at distant sites to be assigned to the same protein molecule and allowing determination of how many PTMs are attached to a single protein.

Results
We developed a Python module called MSModDetector that studies PTM patterns from individual ion mass spectrometry (I2MS) data. I2MS is an intact protein mass spectrometry approach that generates true mass spectra without the need to infer charge states. The algorithm first detects and quantifies mass shifts for a protein of interest and subsequently infers potential PTM patterns using linear programming. The algorithm is evaluated on simulated I2MS data and experimental I2MS data for the tumor suppressor protein p53. We show that MSModDetector is a useful tool for comparing a protein’s PTM pattern landscape across different conditions. An improved analysis of PTM patterns will enable a deeper understanding of PTM-regulated cellular processes.

Availability and implementation
The source code is available at https://github.com/marjanfaizi/MSModDetector.
An optimized ligation-mediated PCR method for chromosome walking and fusion gene chromosomal breakpoints identification
Authors: Lung Jrhau , Hung Ming-Szu , Chen Chao-Yu , Yang Tsung-Ming , Lin Chin-Kuo , Fang Yu-Hung , Jiang Yuan-Yuan , Liao Hui-Fen , Lin Yu-Ching 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Molecular techniques that recover unknown sequences next to a known sequence region have been widely applied in various molecular studies, such as chromosome walking, identification of the insertion site of transposon mutagenesis, fusion gene partner, and chromosomal breakpoints, as well as targeted sequencing library preparation. Although various techniques have been introduced for efficiency enhancement, searching for relevant single molecular event present in a large-sized genome remains challenging. Here, the optimized ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was developed and successfully identified chromosomal breakpoints far away from the exon of the new exon junction without the need for nested PCR. In addition to recovering unknown sequences next to a known sequence region, the high efficiency of the method could also improve the performance of targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS).
Sorafenib plus transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with or without camrelizumab for the treatment of intermediate and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Sun Bo , Chen Lei , Lei Yu , Zhang Lijie , Sun Tao , Liu Yiming , Zheng Chuansheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To compare the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with sorafenib and camrelizumab or with sorafenib alone in patients with intermediate or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
We retrospectively analysed 78 patients with intermediate or advanced HCC who were treated at our centres between January 2018 and December 2021. Twenty-six of them received sorafenib and camrelizumab plus TACE (the TACE + Sor + C group), while 52 received TACE and sorafenib (the TACE + Sor group). Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events (AEs) were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine the factors affecting survival.

Results
The median OS (22 vs 10 months, P &lt; .001) and median PFS (11 vs 6 months, P = .008) of the TACE + Sor + C group were significantly higher than those of the TACE + Sor group. Multivariate analysis showed that compared with TACE + Sor + C, TACE + Sor increased the risk of all-cause mortality and tumour progression. For grade I and II AEs, the incidence of skin capillary hyperplasia and hypothyroidism in the TACE + Sor + C group was significantly higher than that in the TACE + Sor group. For serious AEs (grade III or IV), there was no significant difference in any adverse reaction between the 2 groups (P &gt; .05).

Conclusion
Patients with intermediate or advanced HCC appeared to benefit more in terms of survival from TACE + Sor + C than from TACE + Sor, and the AEs were tolerable.

Advances in knowledge
(1) Subgroup analysis demonstrated that TACE + sorafenib + camrelizumab could benefit HCC patients regardless of whether they had portal vein tumour thrombosis, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer B or C, or CHILD A or B; (2) We reported the immunotherapy-related AEs occurred with a significantly higher incidence in triple treatment, but all the AEs are tolerable.