bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of various obturation techniques with bioceramic sealers in 3D-printed C-shaped canals
Authors: Gharechahi Maryam , Hoseinzadeh Melika , Moradi Saeed , Mehrjouei Mina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis in vitro study compared various obturation techniques with bioceramic sealers for filling C-shaped 3D-printed replicas. A mandibular molar with a C-shaped root canal with a C1 configuration was obtained. After instrumenting with M3 Pro Gold files (United Dental, Shanghai, China) up to size #30/0.04, a CBCT scan of the tooth was taken. Sixty 3D-printed replicas of the tooth were created. The samples were obturated with EndoSeal TCS sealer (E. TCS; Maruchi, Wonju, Korea) or EndoSeal MTA (E. MTA; Maruchi, Wonju, Korea) (n = 30). The samples in each group were obturated with the following techniques (n = 10): (1) single-cone technique (SC), (2) SC with ultrasonic activation (UA), and (3) cold hydraulic compaction (CHC). Following incubation, the replicas’ apical, middle, and coronal thirds were inspected under a digital microscope, and the proportion of filling material and void were calculated. Also, the obturation time and sealer extrusion were recorded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, LSD post-hoc, and the chi-square tests (α = 0.05). The results indicated that in the apical third, E. TCS-SC, E. TCS-UA, and E. MTA-UA had the lowest void percentage among groups (p < 0.05). In the middle thirds, samples obturated with E. TCS-UA showed a significantly lower void percentage among all groups (p < 0.05). However, in the coronal third, E. TCS-CHC showed the least void percentage (p < 0.05), followed by E. TCS-UA and E. MTA-CHC. The E. TCS-SC and E. TCS-UA were the least time-consuming methods (p < 0.05). Sealer extrusion significantly differed among the groups, with E. MTA-UA and E. TCS-UA showing higher incidence (p = 0.019). It was concluded that E. TCS-UA was the most convenient obturation technique. However, care must be taken when obturating the canals with high flow and ultrasonic activation near the vital anatomical landmarks.
The role of voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ-1 in the occurrence and development in myofascial orofacial pain
Authors: Lu Yang , Wang Jingfu , Li Li , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPatients who suffer from myofascial orofacial pain could affect their quality of life deeply. The pathogenesis of pain is still unclear. Our objective was to assess Whether Voltage-gated calcium channel α2δ-1(Cavα2δ-1) is related to myofascial orofacial pain. Rats were divided into the masseter tendon ligation group and the sham group. Compared with the sham group, the mechanical pain threshold of the masseter tendon ligation group was reduced on the 4th, 7th, 10th and 14th day after operation(P < 0.05). On the 14th day after operation, Cavα2δ-1 mRNA expression levels in trigeminal ganglion (TG) and the trigeminal spinal subnucleus caudalis and C1-C2 spinal cervical dorsal horn (Vc/C2) of the masseter tendon ligation group were increased (PTG=0.021, PVc/C2=0.012). Rats were divided into three groups. On the 4th day after ligating the superficial tendon of the left masseter muscle of the rats, 10 ul Cavα2δ-1 antisense oligonucleotide, 10 ul Cavα2δ-1 mismatched oligonucleotides and 10 ul normal saline was separately injected into the left masseter muscle of rats in Cavα2δ-1 antisense oligonucleotide group, Cavα2δ-1 mismatched oligonucleotides group and normal saline control group twice a day for 4 days. The mechanical pain threshold of the Cavα2δ-1 antisense oligonucleotides group was higher than Cavα2δ-1 mismatched oligonucleotides group on the 7th and 10th day after operation (P < 0.01). After PC12 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide, Cavα2δ-1 mRNA expression level increased (P < 0.001). Cavα2δ-1 may be involved in the occurrence and development in myofascial orofacial pain.
Effect of fence tray matching care on excess adhesive and bracket placement accuracy for orthodontic bonding: an in vitro study
Authors: Hu Meichun , Cao Yannan , Wu Xiangbing , Jiang Qian , Zhu Fangyong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fence tray matching care (FTMC) in bracket bonding by measuring excess adhesive, as well as linear and angular deviations, and by comparing it with the half-wrapped tray (HWT).

Materials and methods
An intraoral scanner was used to acquire data on the maxillary dental arch of a patient with periodontitis.Furthermore, 20 maxillary dental arch models were 3D printed. Using 3Shape, PlastyCAD software, and 3D printing technology, 10 FTMC (method I) and HWT (method II) were obtained. By preoperative preparation, intraoperative coordination, and postoperative measurement, the brackets were transferred from the trays to the 3D-printed maxillary dental arch models. Additionally, the bracket’s excess adhesive as well as linear and angular deviations were measured, and the differences between the two methods were analyzed.

Results
Excess adhesive was observed in both methods, with FTMC showing less adhesive (P< 0.001), with a statistical difference. Furthermore, HWT’s vertical, tip and torque, which was significantly greater than FTMC (P< 0.05), with no statistical difference among other respects. The study data of incisors, canines, and premolars, showed that the premolars had more adhesive residue and were more likely to have linear and angular deviations.

Conclusions
The FTMC had higher bracket bonding effect in comparison to HWT, and the adhesive residue, linear and angular deviations are smaller. The fence tray offers an intuitive view of the precise bonding of the bracket, and can remove excess adhesive to prevent white spot lesions via care, providing a different bonding method for clinical applications.
Advances and prospects in microbial production of biotin
Authors: Ma Donghan , Du Guangqing , Fang Huan , Li Rong , Zhang Dawei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiotin, serving as a coenzyme in carboxylation reactions, is a vital nutrient crucial for the natural growth, development, and overall well-being of both humans and animals. Consequently, biotin is widely utilized in various industries, including feed, food, and pharmaceuticals. Despite its potential advantages, the chemical synthesis of biotin for commercial production encounters environmental and safety challenges. The burgeoning field of synthetic biology now allows for the creation of microbial cell factories producing bio-based products, offering a cost-effective alternative to chemical synthesis for biotin production. This review outlines the pathway and regulatory mechanism involved in biotin biosynthesis. Then, the strategies to enhance biotin production through both traditional chemical mutagenesis and advanced metabolic engineering are discussed. Finally, the article explores the limitations and future prospects of microbial biotin production. This comprehensive review not only discusses strategies for biotin enhancement but also provides in-depth insights into systematic metabolic engineering approaches aimed at boosting biotin production.
Hesitancy towards R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine among Ghanaian parents and attitudes towards immunizing non-eligible children: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Hussein Mohamed Fakhry , Kyei-Arthur Frank , Saleeb Marina , Kyei-Gyamfi Sylvester , Abutima Theophilus , Sakada Ignatius Great , Ghazy Ramy Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The newly developed malaria vaccine called “R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine” showed a high safety and efficacy level, and Ghana is the first country to approve this new vaccine. The present study aimed to evaluate the rate of vaccine hesitancy (VH) towards the newly developed malaria vaccine among parents who currently have children who are not eligible for the vaccine but may be eligible in the near future. Additionally, the study aimed to identify the factors that could potentially influence VH.

Methods
A cross-sectional survey using both online-based questionnaires and face-to-face interviews was conducted in Ghana from June to August 2023. The survey specifically targeted parents of ineligible children for vaccination, including those aged less than 5 months or between 3 and 12 years. The Parent Attitudes about Childhood Vaccination (PACV) scale was used to assess parental VH.

Results
A total of 765 people participated in this study. Their median age was 36.0 years with an interquartile range of 31.0–41.0 years, 67.7% were females, 41.8% completed their tertiary education, 63.3% were married, 81.6% worked in non-healthcare sectors, and 59.7% reported that their monthly income was insufficient. About one-third (34.5%) of the parents were hesitant to give their children the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine. The following predictors were associated with VH: working in the healthcare sector (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.30–0.80; p = 0.005), having the other parent working in the healthcare sector (AOR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.30–0.94; p = 0.034), and not taking scheduled routine vaccinations (AOR = 1.90; 95% CI 1.27–2.84; p = 0.002).

Conclusions
Addressing VH is crucial for optimizing R21/Matrix-M vaccine coverage in Ghana's malaria control strategy. By tackling VH issues, Ghana can effectively safeguard children's health in malaria-prone areas.
Prevalence of malaria and associated risk factors among household members in South Ethiopia: a multi-site cross-sectional study
Authors: Yutura Girma , Massebo Fekadu , Eligo Nigatu , Kochora Abena , Wegayehu Teklu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite continuous prevention and control strategies in place, malaria remains a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Moreover, prevalence of malaria differs in different geographical settings and epidemiological data were inadequate to assure disease status in the study area. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria and associated risk factors in selected rural kebeles in South Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between February to June 2019 in eight malaria-endemic kebeles situated in four zones in South Ethiopia. Mult-stage sampling techniques were employed to select the study zones, districts, kebeles and households. Blood sample were collected from 1674 participants in 345 households by finger prick and smears were examined by microscopy. Sociodemographic data as well as risk factors for Plasmodium infection were collected using questionnaires. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyse the data.

Results
The overall prevalence of malaria in the study localities was 4.5% (76/1674). The prevalence was varied among the study localities with high prevalence in Bashilo (14.6%; 33/226) followed by Mehal Korga (12.1%; 26/214). Plasmodium falciparum was the dominant parasite accounted for 65.8% (50/76), while Plasmodium vivax accounted 18.4% (14/76). Co-infection of P. falciparum and P. vivax was 15.8% (12/76). Among the three age groups prevalence was 7.8% (27/346) in age less than 5 years and 7.5% (40/531) in 5–14 years. The age groups > 14years were less likely infected with Plasmodium parasite (AOR = 0.14, 95% CI 0.02–0.82) than under five children. Non-febrile individuals 1638 (97.8%) were more likely to had Plasmodium infection (AOR = 28.4, 95% CI 011.4–70.6) than febrile 36 (2.2%). Individuals living proximity to mosquito breeding sites have higher Plasmodium infection (AOR = 6.17, 95% CI 2.66–14.3) than those at distant of breeding sites.

Conclusions
Malaria remains a public health problem in the study localities. Thus, malaria prevention and control strategies targeting children, non-febrile cases and individuals living proximity to breeding sites are crucial to reduce malaria related morbidity and mortality.
A portable transistor immunosensor for fast identification of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
Authors: Hu Xiao , Zhang Mengjia , Liu Yiwei , Li Yu-Tao , Li Wentao , Li Tingxian , Li Jiahao , Xiao Xueqian , He Qigai , Zhang Zhi-Yong , Zhang Guo-Jun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWidespread distribution of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has led to catastrophic losses to the global pig farming industry. As a result, there is an urgent need for rapid, sensitive and accurate tests for PEDV to enable timely and effective interventions. In the present study, we develop and validate a floating gate carbon nanotubes field-effect transistor (FG CNT-FET)-based portable immunosensor for rapid identification of PEDV in a sensitive and accurate manner. To improve the affinity, a unique PEDV spike protein-specific monoclonal antibody is prepared by purification, and subsequently modified on FG CNT-FET sensor to recognize PEDV. The developed FET biosensor enables highly sensitive detection (LoD: 8.1 fg/mL and 100.14 TCID50/mL for recombinant spike proteins and PEDV, respectively), as well as satisfactory specificity. Notably, an integrated portable platform consisting of a pluggable FG CNT-FET chip and a portable device can discriminate PEDV positive from negative samples and even identify PEDV and porcine deltacoronavirus within 1 min with 100% accuracy. The portable sensing platform offers the capability to quickly, sensitively and accurately identify PEDV, which further points to a possibility of point of care (POC) applications of large-scale surveillance in pig breeding facilities.
Aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials (AFNs) for therapeutic management of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yin Xiujuan , Rong Jing , Shao Min , Zhang Saisai , Yin Likang , He Zhenqiang , Wang Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents one of the deadliest cancers globally, making the search for more effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches particularly crucial. Aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials (AFNs), an innovative nanotechnology, have paved new pathways for the targeted diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Initially, we outline the epidemiological background of HCC and the current therapeutic challenges. Subsequently, we explore in detail how AFNs enhance diagnostic and therapeutic efficiency and reduce side effects through the specific targeting of HCC cells and the optimization of drug delivery. Furthermore, we address the challenges faced by AFNs in clinical applications and future research directions, with a particular focus on enhancing their biocompatibility and assessing long-term effects. In summary, AFNs represent an avant-garde therapeutic approach, opening new avenues and possibilities for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
Graphical Abstract
Ti3C2 nanosheet-induced autophagy derails ovarian functions
Authors: Yang Limei , He Zhiting , Hu Le , Tang Hongyu , Geng Yanqing , Tan Qiaoyan , Zhang Yue , Wen Yixian , Wu Wei , Gu Huayan , Liu Xueqing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Two-dimensional ultrathin Ti3C2 (MXene) nanosheets have gained significant attention in various biomedical applications. Although previous studies have described the accumulation and associated damage of Ti3C2 nanosheets in the testes and placenta. However, it is currently unclear whether Ti3C2 nanosheets can be translocated to the ovaries and cause ovarian damage, thereby impairing ovarian functions.

Results
We established a mouse model with different doses (1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg bw/d) of Ti3C2 nanosheets injected intravenously for three days. We demonstrated that Ti3C2 nanosheets can enter the ovaries and were internalized by granulosa cells, leading to a decrease in the number of primary, secondary and antral follicles. Furthermore, the decrease in follicles is closely associated with higher levels of FSH and LH, as well as increased level of E2 and P4, and decreased level of T in mouse ovary. In further studies, we found that exposure toTi3C2 nanosheets increased the levels of Beclin1, ATG5, and the ratio of LC3II/Ι, leading to autophagy activation. Additionally, the level of P62 increased, resulting in autophagic flux blockade. Ti3C2 nanosheets can activate autophagy through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, with oxidative stress playing an important role in this process. Therefore, we chose the ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN cells) for in vitro validation of the impact of autophagy on the hormone secretion capability. The inhibition of autophagy initiation by 3-Methyladenine (3-MA) promoted smooth autophagic flow, thereby partially reduced the secretion of estradiol and progesterone by KGN cells; Whereas blocking autophagic flux by Rapamycin (RAPA) further exacerbated the secretion of estradiol and progesterone in cells.

Conclusion
Ti3C2 nanosheet-induced increased secretion of hormones in the ovary is mediated through the activation of autophagy and impairment of autophagic flux, which disrupts normal follicular development. These results imply that autophagy dysfunction may be one of the underlying mechanisms of Ti3C2-induced damage to ovarian granulosa cells. Our findings further reveal the mechanism of female reproductive toxicity induced by Ti3C2 nanosheets.
MSC microvesicles loaded G-quadruplex-enhanced circular single-stranded DNA-9 inhibits tumor growth by targeting MDSCs
Authors: Han Jingxia , Qin Rong , Zheng Shaoting , Hou Xiaohui , Wang Xiaorui , An Huihui , Li Zhongwei , Li Yinan , Zhang Heng , Zhai Denghui , Liu Huijuan , Meng Jing , Sun Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) promote tumor growth, metastasis, and lead to immunotherapy resistance. Studies revealed that miRNAs are also expressed in MDSCs and promote the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs. Currently, few studies have been reported on inducible cellular microvesicle delivery of nucleic acid drugs targeting miRNA in MDSCs for the treatment of malignant tumors.

Results and conclusion
In this study, we designed an artificial DNA named G-quadruplex-enhanced circular single-stranded DNA-9 (G4-CSSD9), that specifically adsorbs the miR-9 sequence. Its advanced DNA folding structure, rich in tandem repeat guanine (G-quadruplex), also provides good stability. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were prepared into nanostructured vesicles by membrane extrusion. The MSC microvesicles-encapsulated G4-CSSD9 (MVs@G4-CSSD9) was delivered into MDSCs, which affected the downstream transcription and translation process, and reduced the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs, so as to achieve the purpose of treating melanoma. In particular, it provides an idea for the malignant tumor treatment.

Graphical Abstract
Taking SCFAs produced by Lactobacillus reuteri orally reshapes gut microbiota and elicits antitumor responses
Authors: Li Nannan , Niu Lili , Liu Yao , Wang Yang , Su Xiaomin , Xu Ce , Sun Zanya , Guo Huishu , Gong Jingru , Shen Shun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence is increasing in recent years due to intestinal flora imbalance, making oral probiotics a hotspot for research. However, numerous studies related to intestinal flora regulation ignore its internal mechanisms without in-depth research.

Results
Here, we developed a probiotic microgel delivery system (L.r@(SA-CS)2) through the layer-by-layer encapsulation technology of alginate (SA) and chitosan (CS) to improve gut microbiota dysbiosis and enhance anti-tumor therapeutic effect. Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) produced by L.r have direct anti-tumor effects. Additionally, it reduces harmful bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Fusobacteriota, and through bacteria mutualophy increases beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroidota and Firmicutes which produce butyric acid. By binding to the G protein-coupled receptor 109A (GPR109A) on the surface of colonic epithelial cells, butyric acid can induce apoptosis in abnormal cells. Due to the low expression of GPR109A in colon cancer cells, MK-6892 (MK) can be used to stimulate GPR109A. With increased production of butyrate, activated GPR109A is able to bind more butyrate, which further promotes apoptosis of cancer cells and triggers an antitumor response.

Conclusion
It appears that the oral administration of L.r@(SA-CS)2 microgels may provide a treatment option for CRC by modifying the gut microbiota.
Electrical aligned polyurethane nerve guidance conduit modulates macrophage polarization and facilitates immunoregulatory peripheral nerve regeneration
Authors: Sun Yiting , Zhang Yinglong , Guo Yibo , He Dongming , Xu Wanlin , Fang Wei , Zhang Chenping , Zuo Yi , Zhang Zhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBiomaterials can modulate the local immune microenvironments to promote peripheral nerve regeneration. Inspired by the spatial orderly distribution and endogenous electric field of nerve fibers, we aimed to investigate the synergistic effects of electrical and topological cues on immune microenvironments of peripheral nerve regeneration. Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) with aligned electrospun nanofibers were fabricated using a polyurethane copolymer containing a conductive aniline trimer and degradable L-lysine (PUAT). In vitro experiments showed that the aligned PUAT (A-PUAT) membranes promoted the recruitment of macrophages and induced their polarization towards the pro-healing M2 phenotype, which subsequently facilitated the migration and myelination of Schwann cells. Furthermore, NGCs fabricated from A-PUAT increased the proportion of pro-healing macrophages and improved peripheral nerve regeneration in a rat model of sciatic nerve injury. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the potential application of NGCs in peripheral nerve regeneration from an immunomodulatory perspective and revealed A-PUAT as a clinically-actionable strategy for peripheral nerve injury.
Cost effectiveness and decision analysis for national airport screening options to reduce risk of COVID-19 introduction in Uganda, 2020
Authors: Amanya Geofrey , Washington Michael L. , Kadobera Daniel , Richard Migisha , Ndyabakiira Alex , Harris Julie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Early during the COVID-19 outbreak, various approaches were utilized to prevent COVID-19 introductions from incoming airport travellers. However, the costs and effectiveness of airport-specific interventions have not been evaluated.

Methods
We evaluated policy options for COVID-19-specific interventions at Entebbe International Airport for costs and impact on COVID-19 case counts, we took the government payer perspective. Policy options included; (1)no screening, testing, or mandatory quarantine for any incoming traveller; (2)mandatory symptom screening for all incoming travellers with RT-PCR testing only for the symptomatic and isolation of positives; and (3)mandatory 14-day quarantine and one-time testing for all, with 10-day isolation of persons testing positive. We calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) in US$ per additional case averted.

Results
Expected costs per incoming traveller were $0 (Option 1), $19 (Option 2), and $766 (Option 3). ICERs per case averted were $257 for Option 2 (which averted 4,948 cases), and $10,139 for Option 3 (which averted 5,097 cases) compared with Option I. Two-week costs were $0 for Option 1, $1,271,431 Option 2, and $51,684,999 Option 3. The per-case ICER decreased with increase in prevalence. The cost-effectiveness of our interventions was modestly sensitive to the prevalence of COVID-19, diagnostic test sensitivity, and testing costs.

Conclusion
Screening all incoming travellers, testing symptomatic persons, and isolating positives (Option 2) was the most cost-effective option. A higher COVID-19 prevalence among incoming travellers increased cost-effectiveness of airport-specific interventions. This model could be used to evaluate prevention options at the airport for COVID-19 and other infectious diseases with similar requirements for control.