bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenethyl isothiocyanate, a naturally occurring phytochemical, is an antagonist of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Authors: Abdull Razis Ahmad F. , Konsue Nattaya , Dervetzoglou Myrto , Plant Kathryn E. , Plant Nick , Ioannides Costas 
Published: December 2011

AbstractScope The aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor is a ligand‐activated transcription factor that is activated by many carcinogens, and its target gene products play a major role in tumour development, so that antagonists of the Ah receptor represent potential chemopreventive agents.Methods and results Experimental evidence is presented herein that phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a phytochemical present in cruciferous vegetables, is such an antagonist. PEITC was a very weak ligand to the Ah receptor, as assessed using the chemical‐activated luciferase expression (CALUX) assay, and a poor inducer of CYP1A1 mRNA levels when incubated in precision‐cut rat liver slices for 24 h. It antagonised effectively, however, the interaction of benzo[a]pyrene to the receptor, being capable of preventing its binding as well as displacing it from the receptor. Moreover, PEITC suppressed in concentration‐dependent manner the benzo[a]pyrene‐mediated rise in rat hepatic CYP1A1 mRNA levels in rat slices. Finally, PEITC antagonised the benzo[a]pyrene‐mediated increase in the O‐deethylation of ethoxyresorufin in both rat and human precision‐cut liver slices.Conclusion It is concluded that PEITC is an effective antagonist of the Ah receptor in rat and human liver, and this potential may contribute to its established chemopreventive activity.
Multivariate analysis of cartilage degradation using the support vector machine algorithm
Authors: Lin Ping‐Chang , Irrechukwu Onyi , Roque Remy , Hancock Brynne , Fishbein Kenneth W. , Spencer Richard G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn important limitation in MRI studies of early osteoarthritis is that measured MRI parameters exhibit substantial overlap between different degrees of cartilage degradation. We investigated whether multivariate support vector machine analysis would permit improved tissue characterization. Bovine nasal cartilage samples were subjected to pathomimetic degradation and their T1, T2, magnetization transfer rate (km), and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured. Support vector machine analysis performed using certain parameter combinations exhibited particularly favorable classification properties. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for detection of extensive and mild degradation were 1.00 and 0.94, respectively, using the set (T1, km, ADC), compared with 0.97 and 0.60 using T1, the best univariate classifier. Furthermore, a degradation probability for each sample, derived from the support vector machine formalism using the parameter set (T1, km, ADC), demonstrated much stronger correlations (r2 = 0.79–0.88) with direct measurements of tissue biochemical components than did even the best‐performing individual MRI parameter, T1 (r2 = 0.53–0.64). These results, combined with our previous investigation of Gaussian cluster‐based tissue discrimination, indicate that the combinations (T1, km) and (T1, km, ADC) may emerge as particularly useful for characterization of early cartilage degradation. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oncologic surveillance for subjects with biallelic mismatch repair gene mutations: 10 year follow‐up of a kindred
Authors: Durno Carol A. , Aronson Melyssa , Tabori Uri , Malkin David , Gallinger Steven , Chan Helen S. L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundHeterozygous germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes cause Lynch syndrome. Biallelic MMR mutations cause a distinct syndrome characterized by brain tumors, lymphoid malignancies, and gastrointestinal cancers during childhood. These children usually succumb to multiple cancers before adulthood. We developed a surveillance protocol aiming at early detection for these individuals and report the 10‐year experience with a kindred.MethodsOn the basis of genetic testing and early age tumors, the kindred started a cancer surveillance protocol based on the crude estimates of cancer risks and available cancer screening: imaging, endoscopy, and hematologic tests.ResultsOver the 10‐year follow‐up period, the screening protocol detected 15 tumors. These included three high‐grade adenomatous colonic polyps and two colon cancers. In one child, MRI revealed an asymptomatic anaplastic astrocytoma which was treated by complete resection and radiation. All three cancers identified during surveillance were small and asymptomatic at diagnosis. The two sisters are currently 16 and 18 years of age with no evidence of malignant disease. Both parents have annual colonoscopies and the father at 43 years had two colonic adenomatous polyps.ConclusionsWe report on the long‐term outcome in patients with biallelic MMR mutations who benefited from prophylactic cancer surveillance. Genetic screening and subsequent surveillance led to earlier recognition of asymptomatic tumors at stages more amenable to resection and probable cure. Multicenter collaboration and implementation of surveillance guidelines is necessary to further determine genotype–phenotype correlations. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:652–656. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
NK Cell immunotherapy for high‐risk neuroblastoma relapse after haploidentical HSCT
Authors: Kanold Justyna , Paillard Catherine , Tchirkov Andrei , Lang Peter , Kelly Antony , Halle Pascale , Isfan Florentina , Merlin Etienne , Marabelle Aurelien , Rochette Emmanuelle , Deméocq François 
Published: December 2011

AbstractLittle is known on strategies to prevent or to treat relapses occurring after haploidentical stem cell transplantation (haplo‐HSCT) performed for the high‐risk neuroblastoma (NB). We describe a 6‐year‐old male with refractory NB who relapsed 22 months after haplo‐HSCT. A complete remission was obtained with a combination of immuno‐chemotherapy based on donor NK cells transplants, IL2 infusions and temozolomide/topotecan. This case is an incentive to explore both the immediate therapeutic effect of haplo‐graft provided via haplo‐NK cells and the immunogenic platform that haplo‐HSCT offers for future treatment. Our post‐relapse strategy shows that chemo‐ and bio‐treatment should be viewed as complementary therapeutic options. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:739–742. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predictors of acute chemotherapy‐associated toxicity in patients with Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Sharib Jeremy M. , Cyrus Jobin , Horvai Andrew , Gray Hazard Florette K. , Neuhaus John , Matthay Katherine K. , Goldsby Robert , Marina Neyssa , DuBois Steven G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundEwing sarcoma (ES) is a malignant tumor of bone and soft tissue of children and young adults. Patients with ES are treated with intensive chemotherapy regimens. We describe predictors of acute chemotherapy‐associated toxicity in this population.ProcedureIn this retrospective cohort study, records of ES patients treated at two academic medical centers between 1980 and 2010 were reviewed. Grade 3 and 4 non‐hematologic chemotherapy‐associated toxicities during frontline therapy were recorded for each patient, along with potential clinical and demographic predictors of toxicity. Bivariate analyses were performed using the Fisher exact test. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression.ResultsThe cohort included 142 patients with ES and toxicity data. In bivariate analyses, age <12 years at diagnosis, Latino ethnicity, low family income, and treatment on a clinical trial were associated with higher incidence of toxicity (P < 0.01). Tumor size, site, stage, mode of local control, body mass index, overall chemotherapy exposure and dose‐intensity were not associated with toxicity. In multivariate analysis, low income (odds ratio (OR) 4.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9–13.1), clinical trial enrollment (OR 3.67, 95% CI 1.2–10.9), pelvic tumor site (OR 3.88, 95% CI 1.17–12.88), and age <12 years (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.0–7.5) were independent predictors of toxicity.ConclusionES patients who are younger, of Latino ethnicity, have pelvic tumors or low income have higher rates of toxicity that may require increased supportive care. Treatment on a clinical trial was also associated with higher rates of toxicity, though this finding may reflect better reporting in these patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:611–616. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and characterization of 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid imprinted polymers
Authors: Luliński Piotr , Dana Mariusz , Maciejewska Dorota 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEight molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP1–MIP8) were synthesized with different functional monomers and porogens using 3,4‐dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) as a template. Thermal, radical bulk polymerization was employed in the presence of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross‐linker. A computational analysis indicated that complexes with four molecules of 4‐vinylpyridine, 1‐vinylimidazole and acrylonitrile had high positive enthalpies of formation. The polymers synthesized with these monomers showed an imprinting factor below 1. Polymer MIP8 synthesized with allylamine as the functional monomer, with the highest energy of interaction with DOPAC, was characterized by the highest imprinting factor equal to 1.91. Examination of the binding ability of DOPAC and a group of structurally related compounds showed that the strong interactions between amine groups in the polymer and carboxylic groups in the analyte governed the recognition mechanism. The Langmuir adsorption model and the pseudo‐second‐order mechanism properly evaluated the MIP8 and non‐imprinted polymer 8 adsorption characteristics. Scatchard analysis revealed that MIP8 had two classes of heterogeneous binding sites with Kd(1) = 0.12 µmol L−1 and Kd(2) = 1.46 µmol L−1. Finally, the potential application of MIP8 for separation of DOPAC was demonstrated. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Effect of pretreatment conditions on the hydrolysis and water absorption behavior of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibrous assembly
Authors: Lee Jun Hee , Park Sang Ho , Oh Kyung Wha , Lee Chang Hwan , Kim Seong Hun 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers are very hydrophobic and are therefore treated by alkaline hydrolysis to reduce their hydrophobicity, which not only reduces their weight but also enhances their softness, flexibility and drapability. In addition, if alcohol is used as a pretreatment agent, the form of the fibers can be changed and more benefits can be obtained from the subsequent alkaline hydrolysis treatment. Therefore various alcohols were used as pretreatment agents and their effect was investigated. Treatment with 1‐decanol leads to more weight loss of the PET fibers than treatment with the other alcohols investigated. Treatment with sodium hydroxide leads to weight loss in PET fabrics because terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are separated by the hydrolysis of the ester group in the PET chains. Weight loss increases with increasing hydrolysis time and the reaction does not immediately reach equilibrium. The microvoids of the PET surface hold water molecules. The surface morphology of PET shows that the pretreatment reagent attacks almost the entire surface of a fiber, causing surface etching. As the surface etching progresses, it propagates inside the fiber, resulting in the formation of elongated cavities on the surface. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Reactions of heavier main‐group compounds with hydrogen, ammonia, ethylene and related small molecules
Authors: Power Philip P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe first reaction between hydrogen and a main‐group compound under ambient conditions was reported in 2005. This unexpected result has been followed by numerous others which show that such reactivity is widespread in unsaturated and multiple bonded main‐group species. These may react spontaneously not only with hydrogen, but also with ethylene, ammonia and related molecules. This account focuses on results from the author's laboratory but also on parallel work by other groups. The link between HOMO‐LUMO separations, symmetry considerations and reactivity of the main‐group species is emphasized as is their similarity in reactivity to transition‐metal organometallic compounds.DOI 10.1002/tcr.201100016
Entrepreneurs: The world needs you
Authors: Nagler Jürgen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe way we see the role of business is changing dramatically. What have we learned from the recent and ongoing crises? Where does one look for guidance on the “right thing to do” now? In a world where we live on one globe, it is time to shift our energy to real responsibility and sustainability. This requires a new paradigm. As Albert Einstein said, “No problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it.” We are not separated from our environment, nature, and society; we are actually a part of it.Therefore, let us unleash entrepreneurship and the power of business in a way to serve us more holistically. This new type of thinking, this expanding consciousness, is giving birth to all the new concepts of social entrepreneurship, corporate social responsibility, corporate sustainability, inclusive business, conscious capitalism, and sustainable development.On the global level, there are increasing numbers of business‐oriented initiatives aimed at steering the power of business toward the public good such as the UN Global Compact and the Business Call to Action. Where to look for inspiration at the individual level? Within yourself. As Mahatma Gandhi said, “You have to be the change you want to see in the world.” © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Occupational segregation in Spain: Differential treatment of immigrants
Authors: Farber Vanina , Allard Gayle 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSpain today faces simultaneously one of the world's largest immigrant populations and one of the highest unemployment rates. This difficult dilemma makes it a test case for how rich countries should deal with a surplus immigrant population. Do Spanish markets and policies make it more difficult to absorb immigrants? What policies could help? What are the consequences if the challenge is not faced successfully?This article focuses on the occupational segregation between Spanish and foreign workers. It explores whether observed characteristics (gender, age, and education) aggravate segregation, and suggests policies to promote inclusion of immigrants in developed countries. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Creating sustainable international social ventures
Authors: Chen Stephen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractInternational social ventures are now an increasingly common feature of the international business and social landscape in many countries worldwide. However, despite the increase in the number of social ventures and widespread interest that has resulted, theoretical development that deals specifically with international social ventures, or social ventures that operate across borders, has lagged behind, and there is little to guide potential social entrepreneurs thinking of setting up an international social venture. The aim of this article is to show how combining concepts from social exchange theory with international new venture theory can provide a useful conceptual framework that helps answer the central questions: What are the conditions for sustainable international social ventures? What difficulties are likely to arise in establishing such ventures? © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Role of uterine artery Doppler in the management of uterine leiomyoma by arterial embolization
Authors: Naguib N. N. N. , Nour‐Eldin N.‐E. A. , Serag‐Eldin F. , Mazloum Y. Z. , Agameya A. F. , Abou‐Seif S. , Etaby A. N. , Lehnert T. , Gruber‐Rouh T. , Zangos S. , Ackermann H. , Vogl T. J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo study Doppler changes in the uterine artery immediately following and 3 months after uterine artery embolization (UAE) and to test the feasibility of using uterine artery Doppler as a predictor of the predominant side of arterial supply to leiomyomas, amount of embolizing material needed and leiomyoma tumor volume at follow‐up.MethodsThe study included 38 patients undergoing UAE for leiomyomas. Uterine artery Doppler was performed transabdominally before, within 6 hours after and 3 months after UAE to determine the peak systolic (PSV) and end‐diastolic (EDV) velocities and resistance index (RI). Leiomyoma volume was measured using contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and 3 months after UAE. The predominant side of arterial supply to the leiomyoma was determined on digital subtraction angiography using the uterine artery diameter and tumor blush after contrast injection. For correlations with leiomyoma volume, the average PSV, EDV and RI of both sides was used, while for prediction of the predominant side of supply and for correlation with the amount of embolizing material needed, separate measurements from each side were used.ResultsRelative to the pre‐embolization value, the uterine artery PSV and EDV were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) immediately following UAE, while the RI was significantly elevated (P < 0.05). For prediction of the predominant side of supply, the lowest RI showed the highest accuracy (81.6%). There was no significant correlation between the pre‐embolization PSV, EDV or RI and the amount of embolizing material utilized. Immediately post‐embolization EDV and RI values were statistically significantly correlated with the 3‐month follow‐up leiomyoma volume, with RI showing the strongest correlation (P = 0.0400 and 0.0002, rho = 0.34 and − 0.58, respectively). The leiomyoma volume was predicted to have reduced by 38–61% after 3 months if the immediate post‐embolization average RI value was between 0.82 and 0.88.ConclusionPre‐interventional Doppler assessment can be used to predict the predominant side of supply to leiomyomas but not the amount of embolizing material needed. Immediate post‐interventional Doppler assessment can predict the leiomyoma volume after UAE. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three‐dimensional Doppler evaluation of single spherical samples from the placenta: intra‐ and interobserver reliability
Authors: Martins W. P. , Lima J. C. , Welsh A. W. , Araujo E. , Miyague A. H. , Filho F. M. , Raine‐Fenning N. J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the intra‐ and interobserver reliability of assessment of three‐dimensional power Doppler (3D‐PD) indices from single spherical samples of the placenta.MethodsWomen with singleton pregnancies at 24–40 weeks' gestation were included. Three scans were independently performed by two observers; Observer 1 performed the first and third scan, intercalated by the scan of Observer 2. The observers independently analyzed the 3D‐PD datasets that they had previously acquired using four different methods, each using a spherical sample: random sample extending from basal to chorionic plate; random sample with 2 cm3 of volume; directed sample to the region subjectively determined as containing more color Doppler signals extending from basal to chorionic plate; or directed sample with 2 cm3 of volume. The vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) were evaluated in each case. The observers were blinded to their own and each other's results. Additional evaluation was performed according to placental location: anterior, posterior and fundal or lateral. Intra‐ and interobserver reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC).ResultsNinety‐five pregnancies were included in the analysis. All three placental 3D‐PD indices showed only weak to moderate reliability (ICC < 0.66 and ICC < 0.48, intra‐ and interobserver, respectively). The highest values of ICC were observed when using directed spherical samples from basal to chorionic plate. When analyzed by placental location, we found lower ICCs for lateral and fundal placentae compared to anterior and posterior ones.ConclusionIntra‐ and interobserver reliability of assessment of placental 3D‐PD indices from single spherical samples in pregnant women greater than 24 weeks' gestation is poor to moderate, and clinical usefulness of these indices is likely to be limited. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of an automated recording device for monitoring forest birds
Authors: Venier Lisa A. , Holmes Stephen B. , Holborn George W. , Mcilwrick Kenneth A. , Brown Glen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMonitoring of forest songbirds via auditory detections during point surveys can be enhanced by using preprogrammed recording devices. During May–July 2008, we compared boreal forest bird surveys conducted with SM‐1 bird song recorders (Wildlife Acoustics, Inc.) with field surveys by observers and surveys recorded with the E3A Bio‐Acoustic Monitor Kit (River Forks Research Corp.) in Ontario, Canada, to evaluate the utility of the SM‐1 to generate reliable detections of forest birds. The SM‐1 surveys identified, on average, 8.95 species, 0.76 fewer species per 10‐min point count than field surveys ( = 9.71 species) and 1.26 fewer species than the E3A ( = 10.21 species). SM‐1 surveys also identified on average 11.6 individuals per 10‐min count, 2.5 fewer than field surveys ( = 14.1) and 2.3 fewer than E3A surveys ( = 13.9), respectively. The lower number of SM‐1 detections, however, was less than the reduction in detections made by field surveys later as compared to earlier in the breeding season. This suggests that SM‐1 recorders set up early in the season would detect more birds than field surveys stretching late into the season. Moreover, lower detections with the SM‐1 could be easily offset by collecting an additional 10‐min sample on another day. Most species were detected equally well by all 3 methods with a few exceptions. Unattended recording devices are especially advantageous in situations where the number of experienced observers is limited, where access difficult, where multiple samples at the same site are desirable, and where it is desirable to eliminate inter‐observer, time‐of‐day and time‐of‐season effects. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Area between the hepatic and heart curves of 99mTc‐galactosyl‐human serum albumin scintigraphy represents liver function and disease progression for preoperative evaluation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Harada Kohei , Mizuguchi Toru , Katagiri Yoshimi , Kawamoto Masaki , Nakamura Yukio , Meguro Makoto , Ota Shigenori , Sasaki Shigeru , Miyanishi Koji , Sonoda Tomoko , Mori Mitsuru , Shinomura Yasuhisa , Kato Junji , Hirata Koichi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground/purposeWe developed software to calculate the pixels of interest in the area between the hepatic and heart curves (ABC) of99mTc‐galactosyl human serum albumin (GSA) scintigraphy. The aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the ABC to evaluate liver function before hepatectomy.MethodsBetween January 2005 and December 2010, 205 consecutive patients who underwent initial hepatectomy were enrolled in this study. The ABC was calculated using original computer software. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for evaluation of Child—Pugh score grade B (Child B), pathological chronic hepatitis (CH), and liver cirrhosis (LC).ResultsThe AUC of any indicator for Child B was more than 0.900 except bilirubin. The AUC of ABC for CH and LC (AUC 0.734 each) was comparable to those of HH15 (clearance index; AUC 0.704 and 0.700, respectively) and LHL15 (receptor index; AUC 0.703 and 0.706, respectively) in multiple receiver operating characteristic comparison.ConclusionsWe have developed a novel liver function indicator, the ABC, to count radioactivity in sequence. The ABC reflects liver function according to pathological deterioration of the liver. Although the ABC gave no significant advantage compared to HH15 and LHL15, it improved the AUC evaluation by 0.028–0.034.