bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drivers of autochthonous malaria cases over time: could the Central European present the African future?
Authors: Kenyeres Zoltán 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Results of spatial and temporal comparison of malaria hotspots and coldspots could improve the health measures of malaria control and eradication strategies. The study aimed to reveal the spatially and temporally independent correlations between the potentially most effective background variables and the number of autochthonous malaria cases.

Methods
Relationships between malaria cases and background variables were studied in 2 km × 2 km sized quadrates (10 Central European and 10 African). In addition to the current habitat structure of the African sites, annual precipitation, and annual mean temperature, data of the above parameters detected in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries and currently in the Central European sites were included in the analyses (n = 40). Mann–Whitney tests, Principal Component Analysis, and Generalized Linear Models were used for the examinations.

Results
In addition to the apparent significant positive correlation of malaria cases with annual rainfall and mean temperature, several correlations were found for habitat parameters. The cover of marshlands in the 19th-century habitat structure of Central European quadrates was considerably the same as in the recent African ones. The extent of rural residential areas was significantly smaller in the 19th-century habitat structure of Central European quadrats than in present-day African ones. According to the revealed correlations, the surface cover of rural residential areas is the main driver of the number of autochthonous malaria cases that we can directly impact.

Conclusions
The study confirmed with historical comparison that not only the annual rainfall and mean temperature, the cover of marshlands and other habitats with breeding sites, but also the elements of the rural human environment play a significant role in the high number of autochthonous malaria cases, probably through the concentration and enhancing sites for vector mosquitoes. The latter confirms that a rapid urbanization process could reduce malaria cases in the most infected areas of Africa. Until the latter happens, extensive biological control of Anopheles larvae and chemical control (both outdoor and indoor) of their imagoes, further mosquito nets, repellents, and carbon dioxide traps will need to be applied more widely in the most heavily infested areas.
Air pollution and survival in patients with malignant mesothelioma and asbestos-related lung cancer: a follow-up study of 1591 patients in South Korea
Authors: Huh Da-An , Choi Yun-Hee , Kim Lita , Park Kangyeon , Lee Jiyoun , Hwang Se Hyun , Moon Kyong Whan , Kang Min-Sung , Lee Yong-Jin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite significant advancements in treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, the survival rate for patients with asbestos-related cancers remains low. Numerous studies have provided evidence suggesting that air pollution induces oxidative stress and inflammation, affecting acute respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and overall mortality. However, because of the high case fatality rate, there is limited knowledge regarding the effects of air pollution exposures on survival following a diagnosis of asbestos-related cancers. This study aimed to determine the effect of air pollution on the survival of patients with malignant mesothelioma and asbestos-related lung cancer.

Methods
We followed up with 593 patients with malignant mesothelioma and 998 patients with lung cancer identified as asbestos victims between 2009 and 2022. Data on five air pollutants—sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, fine particulate matter with a diameter < 10 μm, and fine particulate matter with a diameter < 2.5 μm—were obtained from nationwide atmospheric monitoring stations. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the association of cumulative air pollutant exposure with patient mortality, while adjusting for potential confounders. Quantile-based g-computation was used to assess the combined effect of the air pollutant mixture on mortality.

Results
The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates for both cancer types decreased with increasing exposure to all air pollutants. The estimated hazard ratios rose significantly with a 1-standard deviation increase in each pollutant exposure level. A quartile increase in the pollutant mixture was associated with a 1.99-fold increase in the risk of malignant mesothelioma-related mortality (95% confidence interval: 1.62, 2.44). For lung cancer, a quartile increase in the pollutant mixture triggered a 1.87-fold increase in the mortality risk (95% confidence interval: 1.53, 2.30).

Conclusion
These findings support the hypothesis that air pollution exposure after an asbestos-related cancer diagnosis can negatively affect patient survival.
Circadian patterns of growth factor receptor-dependent signaling and implications for carcinogenesis
Authors: Murgo Emanuele , Falco Giorgia , Serviddio Gaetano , Mazzoccoli Gianluigi , Colangelo Tommaso 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSeveral different signaling pathways that regulate cell proliferation and differentiation are initiated by binding of ligands to cell-surface and membrane-bound enzyme-linked receptors, such as receptor tyrosine kinases and serine-threonine kinases. They prompt phosphorylation of tyrosine and serine-threonine residues and initiate downstream signaling pathways and priming of intracellular molecules that convey the signal in the cytoplasm and nucleus, with transcriptional activation of specific genes enriching cell growth and survival-related cascades. These cell processes are rhythmically driven by molecular clockworks endowed in every cell type and when deregulated play a crucial role in cancer onset and progression. Growth factors and their matching receptor-dependent signaling are frequently overexpressed and/or dysregulated in many cancer types. In this review we focus on the interplay between biological clocks and Growth Factor Receptor-dependent signaling in the context of carcinogenesis.
A long-term prospecting study on giant viruses in terrestrial and marine Brazilian biomes
Authors: Machado Talita B. , de Aquino Isabella L. M. , Azevedo Bruna L. , Serafim Mateus S. , Barcelos Matheus G. , Andrade Ana Cláudia S. P. , Reis Erik , Ullmann Leila Sabrina , Pessoa João , Costa Adriana O. , Rosa Luiz H. , Abrahão Jônatas S. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe discovery of mimivirus in 2003 prompted the search for novel giant viruses worldwide. Despite increasing interest, the diversity and distribution of giant viruses is barely known. Here, we present data from a 2012–2022 study aimed at prospecting for amoebal viruses in water, soil, mud, and sewage samples across Brazilian biomes, using Acanthamoeba castellanii for isolation. A total of 881 aliquots from 187 samples covering terrestrial and marine Brazilian biomes were processed. Electron microscopy and PCR were used to identify the obtained isolates. Sixty-seven amoebal viruses were isolated, including mimiviruses, marseilleviruses, pandoraviruses, cedratviruses, and yaraviruses. Viruses were isolated from all tested sample types and almost all biomes. In comparison to other similar studies, our work isolated a substantial number of Marseillevirus and cedratvirus representatives. Taken together, our results used a combination of isolation techniques with microscopy, PCR, and sequencing and put highlight on richness of giant virus present in different terrestrial and marine Brazilian biomes.
A pin-based probe for electronic moisture meters to determine moisture content in a single wheat kernel
Authors: Sangha Jatinder S. , Meyer Brad , Ruan Yuefeng , Cuthbert Richard D. , Knox Ron , Xiao Gaozhi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Optimum moisture in straw and grain at maturity is important for timely harvesting of wheat. Grain harvested at the right time has reduced chance of being affected by adverse weather conditions which is important to maintain grain quality and end use functionality. Wheat varieties with a short dry down period could help in timely harvest of the crop. However, measuring single kernel moisture in wheat and other small grain crops is a phenotyping bottleneck which requires characterising moisture content of the developing kernel at physiological maturity.

Results
Here we report developing a pin-based probe to detect moisture in a developing wheat kernel required for determining physiological maturity. An in-house designed pin-based probe was used with different commercially available electronic moisture meters to assess the moisture content of the individual kernels in spikes with high accuracy (R2 = 0.73 to 0.94, P < 0.001) compared with a reference method of oven drying. The average moisture values varied among different electronic moisture meters and the oven-dry method and differences in values were minimized at low kernel moisture content (< 50%). The single kernel moisture probe was evaluated in the field to predict the physiological maturity in wheat using 38% moisture content as the reference and visible notes on kernel stage.

Conclusion
The pin-based moisture probe is a reliable tool for wheat physiologists and breeders to conveniently and accurately measure moisture content in developing grain that will aid in identifying wheat germplasm with fast dry-down characteristics.
Solving integral and differential equations via fixed point results involving F-contractions
Authors: Singh Bijender , Işık Hüseyin , Singh Vizender , Singh Kuldeep 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this article, we aim to establish fixed point results within the framework of an orthogonal complete metric space by employing an F-weak contraction. Our research extends and generalizes several well-established results found in the existing literature. To substantiate the validity of our findings, we have included illustrative examples. Additionally, our discoveries empower us to ascertain both the existence and uniqueness of solutions for both differential and integral equations.
Hemolysis during open heart surgery in patients with hereditary spherocytosis — systematic review of the literature and case study
Authors: Mendrala Konrad , Czober Tomasz , Darocha Tomasz , Hudziak Damian , Podsiadło Paweł , Kosiński Sylweriusz , Jagoda Bogusz , Gocoł Radosław 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Due to the distinctive nature of cardiac surgery, patients suffering from hereditary spherocytosis (HS) are potentially at a high risk of perioperative complications resulting from hemolysis. Despite being the most prevalent cause of hereditary chronic hemolysis, the standards of surgical management are based solely on expert opinion.

Objective
We analyze the risk of hemolysis in HS patients after cardiac surgery based on a systematic review of the literature. We also describe a case of a patient with hereditary spherocytosis who underwent aortic valve repair.

Methods
This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews (CRD42023417666) and included records from Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. The case study investigates a 38-year-old patient who underwent surgery for an aortic valve defect in mid-2022.

Results
Of the 787 search results, 21 studies describing 23 cases of HS undergoing cardiac surgery were included in the final analysis. Hemolysis was diagnosed in five patients (one coronary artery bypass graft surgery, two aortic valve bioprosthesis, one ventricular septal defect closure, and one mitral valve plasty). None of the patients died in the perioperative period. Also, no significant clinical hemolysis was observed in our patient during the perioperative period.

Conclusions
The literature data show that hemolysis is not common in patients with HS undergoing various cardiac surgery techniques. The typical management of a patient with mild/moderate HS does not appear to increase the risk of significant clinical hemolysis. Commonly accepted beliefs about factors inducing hemolysis during cardiac surgery may not be fully justified and require further investigation.
A multiverse of α-synuclein: investigation of prion strain properties with carboxyl-terminal truncation specific antibodies in animal models
Authors: Lloyd Grace M. , Quintin Stephan , Sorrentino Zachary A. , Gorion Kimberly-Marie M. , Bell Brach M. , Long Brooke , Paterno Giavanna , Giasson Benoit I. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSynucleinopathies are a group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the presence of misfolded α-Synuclein (αSyn) in the brain. These conditions manifest with diverse clinical and pathophysiological characteristics. This disease diversity is hypothesized to be driven by αSyn strains with differing biophysical properties, potentially influencing prion-type propagation and consequentially the progression of illness. Previously, we investigated this hypothesis by injecting brain lysate (seeds) from deceased individuals with various synucleinopathies or human recombinant αSyn preformed fibrils (PFFs) into transgenic mice overexpressing either wild type or A53T human αSyn. In the studies herein, we expanded on these experiments, utilizing a panel of antibodies specific for the major carboxyl-terminally truncated forms of αSyn (αSynΔC). These modified forms of αSyn are found enriched in human disease brains to inform on potential strain-specific proteolytic patterns. With monoclonal antibodies specific for human αSyn cleaved at residues 103, 114, 122, 125, and 129, we demonstrate that multiple system atrophy (MSA) seeds and PFFs induce differing neuroanatomical spread of αSyn pathology associated with host specific profiles. Overall, αSyn cleaved at residue 103 was most widely present in the induced pathological inclusions. Furthermore, αSynΔC-positive inclusions were present in astrocytes, but more frequently in activated microglia, with patterns dependent on host and inoculum. These findings support the hypothesis that synucleinopathy heterogeneity might stem from αSyn strains with unique biochemical properties that include proteolytic processing, which could result in dominant strain properties.
The effect of oral nutrition supplement (ONS) on the nutritional and clinical status of patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Habibi Sajedeh , Ghoreishy Seyed Mojtaba , Imani Hossein , Barkhordar Maryam , Vaezi Mohammad , Sadeghi Erfan , Mohammadi Hamed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Several side effects within the patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), especially ones that influence nutrition intake, can cause weight loss and malnutrition. Based on studies, oral nutritional supplement (ONS) may reinforce their nutrient intake and progress clinical outcomes. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of oral nutrition supplements on the nutritional and clinical status of patients undergoing autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Methods
After block randomization used the website www.randomization, 38 patients will be enrolled in this study, patients will be allocated to the intervention (ONS) or control groups in a 1: 1 ratio. Patients in the ONS group will receive 250 ml of standard formula (Ensure®, Abbott Nutrition) which has 14–15% protein twice a day, in the morning and bedtime snacks for 21 days. All the procedures done in the control group will be the same as the ONS group except receiving ONS. We will examine the outcomes include; weight, appetite, hand grip strength, calf circumference, mid-arm circumference, total energy intake, protein intake, carbohydrate intake, fat intake, severity of oral mucositis, rate of infection during hospitalization, graft failure, recurrence rate after transplantation, the number of days it takes for neutrophil and platelet engraftment to occur, number of readmissions after transplantation during three months, mortality rate up to three months after transplantation and the three-day food diary record; all the evaluations will be carried out in three steps; 7 days before transplant, on the 14th day after transplantation, and on the 90th day after the transplantation.

Discussion
These patients’ weight loss and malnourishment are significant concerns. The use of ONS in patients receiving HSCT has not been the subject of any research.

Trial registration
This clinical trial was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (http://www.irct.ir) on 2022-12-09 with the code number IRCT20220208053971N2.
Identifying and characterising digital behaviour change interventions to improve fruit and vegetable intake in low-socioeconomic status primary school children: a systematic review
Authors: Froome Hannah , Cheung Kei Long , Martin Wendy , Norris Emma 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Digital behaviour change interventions aiming to improve dietary intakes; specifically fruit and vegetable intake, in low-socioeconomic children are being developed and tested. However there is currently no synthesis of the characteristics or reported effectiveness of these interventions. This systematic review aims to: (1) identify existing digital interventions targeting fruit and vegetable intake in low-socioeconomic status children, (2) identify and synthesise characteristics and reported effectiveness of these interventions using the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology.

Method
CINAHL, ERIC, PubMed, Cochrane Library, ACM Digital Library and Scopus were searched in December 2021 – February 2022 and in February–March 2024. Inclusion criteria for studies were: 1) children of low-SES families, aged between 5–11 years old; 2) Digital intervention to improve fruit and vegetable intake; 3) Comparison groups could be digital or non-digital; 4) Outcome measures were fruit and vegetable intake and antecedents to diet behaviours; 5) Randomised controlled trials (cluster and parallel designs). Characteristics of identified studies were coded using the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy and Modes of Delivery, Setting and Source ontologies of the Behaviour Change Intervention Ontology.

Results
Five studies met all inclusion criteria, with majority reporting significant effects of interventions on improving fruit and vegetable intake. Most common Behaviour Change Techniques found were Goal Setting (k = 4), Problem Solving (k = 3), Instruction on how to perform a Behaviour (k = 3), and Prompts and Cues (k = 3). Characteristics relating to intervention source were unclear.

Conclusions
Digital interventions had positive outcomes in fruit and vegetable intake in children; particularly more for fruit than vegetable intake. Characteristics in digital interventions which have direct effects on child fruit and vegetable intake in low-socioeconomic families should be further investigated. Furthermore, clearer reporting on intervention characteristics is needed.
Comparative analysis of pembrolizumab and cetuximab-based therapy in patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Real-world data.
Authors: Hamedi Zahra , Lo Andrea Yachee , Berkman Jonathan David , Alesi Erin R. 
Published: June 2024

6022 Background: The preferred treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) not amenable to localized/curative treatment is pembrolizumab, either monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy based on the results of KEYNOTE-048. Since the FDA’s approval of pembrolizumab in 2019, real-world data has been scarce. Using the TriNetX platform, we retrospectively compared survival outcomes between patients treated with pembrolizumab vs. cetuximab-based treatment. Methods: Cohorts were identified on TriNetX platform using the US Collaborative Network, which includes anonymous clinical information of patients between 2007-2023. Three cohorts were selected: patients treated with pembrolizumab monotherapy (P), patients treated with pembrolizumab and platinum+5-FU chemotherapy (P+CT), and patients treated with cetuximab and platinum+5-FU chemotherapy (C+CT). All patients had non-nasopharyngeal R/M HNSCC with no prior systemic therapy. The study objective was to compare overall survival (OS) between these three cohorts using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Our analysis identified 409 patients in cohort P, 161 patients in cohort P+CT, and 176 patients in cohort C+CT. Median age at initiation of treatment was 69.8, 62.2, and 57.7 years in cohort P, P+CT, and C+CT, respectively. Male percentage was 61%, 75%, and 77%, respectively. The most common primary tumor sites for cohorts P, P+CT, and C+CT were as follows: oropharynx 28%, 37%, and 48%, hypopharynx 10%, 19%, and 11%, larynx 31%, 29%, and 40%, and oral cavity 4%, 6% and 9% respectively. Information on PD-L1 and HPV (Human Papillomavirus) status was not available. Median OS was 13.7, 15, and11.4 months in cohorts P, P+CT, and C+CT, respectively. Survival probability at 5 years was 25.7% in cohort P, 32.2% in cohort P+CT, and 9.9% in cohort C+CT. Based on our analysis, patients treated with pembrolizumab (P or P+CT) demonstrated superior OS compared to those who received cetuximab-based therapy (P-Value <0.05). There was no statistically difference in median OS between P and P+CT group. (P-Value 0.6). Conclusions: Our retrospective analysis of real-world data from a large national database shows superior OS with pembrolizumab- based treatment compared to cetuximab-based treatment in the first line setting for patients with R/M HNSCC. This analysis is consistent with KEYNOTE-048 outcomes. we found no difference in OS between Pembrolizumab alone or in combination with chemotherapy. Limitations include unknown PD-L1 and HPV status. Further long-term and prospective analysis is imperative to enhance the care and outcomes of patients with metastatic HNSCC. [Table: see text]