bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide on the histological damage and the altered spermatogenesis induced by testicular ischaemia and reperfusion in rats
Authors: Minutoli L. , Antonuccio P. , Squadrito F. , Bitto A. , Nicotina P. A. , Fazzari C. , Polito F. , Marini H. , Bonvissuto G. , Arena S. , Morgia G. , Romeo C. , Caputi A. P. , Altavilla D. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryThe effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN), an agonist of the A2A adenosine receptors which when activated positively influences sperm activity, were tested in an experimental testicular ischaemia/reperfusion injury model. Anaesthetized male Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to testicular torsion‐induced ischaemia, followed by reperfusion (TI/R). Immediately after detorsion, randomized animals, including SHAM, received intraperitoneal injections of: (i) vehicle (1 mL/kg 0.9% NaCl solution); (ii) PDRN (8 mg/kg); (iii) DMPX (3,7‐dimethyl‐1‐propargilxanthine, 0.1 mg/kg); or (iv) PDRN (8 mg/kg) + DMPX (0.1 mg/kg). Animals were euthanized at 1, 7 and 30 days following reperfusion. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is normally associated with adenosine A2A receptor stimulation. After treatment, VEGF mRNA/protein expression quantified by qPCR and Western blot, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐1 (VEGFR1) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mRNA measured by qPCR, VEGF and VEGFR1 assessed using immunohistochemical methods, histological staining and spermatogenic activity were all analysed. Testis ischaemia‐reperfusion (TI/R) injury caused increases in VEGF mRNA and protein, VEGFR1 and eNOS mRNA, histological damage and reduced spermatogenic activity. Immunostaining showed a lower expression of VEGF in germinal epithelial cells and a strong expression of VEGFR1 in Leydig cells after TI/R. PDRN administration increased significantly VEGF message/protein, VEGFR1 and eNOS message, decreased histological damage and ameliorated spermatogenic activity. PDRN might be useful in the management of testicular torsion.
Detection of feline herpes virus 1 via polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in cats with ulcerative facial dermatitis, eosinophilic granuloma complex reaction patterns and mosquito bite hypersensitivity
Authors: Persico Paola , Roccabianca Paola , Corona Antonio , Vercelli Antonella , Cornegliani Luisa 
Published: June 2011

AbstractUlcerative dermatitis caused by feline herpes virus 1 (FHV‐1) is an uncommon disease characterized by cutaneous ulcers secondary to epidermal, adnexal and dermal necrosis. Differential diagnoses for FHV‐1 lesions include, but are not limited to, mosquito bite hypersensitivity and eosinophilic granuloma complex. Histopathological diagnosis of FHV‐1 dermatitis is based on the detection of the intranuclear inclusion bodies. In cases where intranuclear inclusions are missing but clinical and histological findings are compatible with FHV‐1 dermatitis, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCRs have been used. In this retrospective study, we evaluated the presence of FHV‐1 by IHC and PCR in skin biopsies and compared the results of the two tests. Sixty‐four skin biopsy specimens from cats with compatible lesions were reviewed and tested via PCR and IHC for evidence of FHV‐1. Polymerase chain reaction was positive in 12 of 64 biopsies; PCR and IHC were positive only in two of 64 biopsies, and these cases were considered true positive cases. The higher number of PCR‐positive cases was possibly attributed to amplification of viral DNA from a live attenuated vaccination, but a previous FHV‐1 infection with subsequent amplification of latently inserted FHV‐1 could not be excluded. If clinical signs and histopathology suggest FHV‐1 infection in the absence of typical inclusion bodies, IHC is the preferred diagnostic test; PCR may be useful for initial screening, but due to false positives is not sufficient for a definitive diagnosis.
KL‐6 and CEA levels in epithelial lining fluid microsamples predict response to gefitinib in patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: KAMIYA KAZUNORI , WATANABE MASAZUMI , KOHNO MITSUTOMO , IZUMI YOTARO , HORINOUCHI HIROHISA , KAWAMURA MASAFUMI , SHIMADA NAOKI , NOMORI HIROAKI 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  Both Krebs von den Lungen‐6 (KL‐6) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are known to be tumour markers in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the present study was to assess whether or not intrabronchial epithelial lining fluid (ELF) levels of these markers predicted tumour response better than serum levels in patients with advanced NSCLC treated with gefitinib.Methods:  ELF samples were obtained both from near the tumour and from the contralateral lung using a bronchoscopic microsampling technique, before and 2 weeks after the start of gefitinib treatment. Serum samples were taken concurrently. Among the 22 patients enrolled in the study, 14 (64%) showed partial responses or stabilization of disease with gefitinib treatment (treatment responders), while 8 (36%) showed progression of disease (treatment non‐responders), 4 weeks after the start of treatment.Results:  ELF KL‐6 levels near the tumour decreased significantly after 2 weeks in the treatment responders group (P = 0.011), whereas there was a marginal increase in the treatment non‐responders group (P = 0.049). ELF CEA levels near the tumour decreased significantly after 2 weeks in the treatment responders group (P = 0.004), whereas there was no significant change in the treatment non‐responders group. For both markers, neither the serum levels nor the levels in contralateral ELF showed any significant changes in either group of patients.Conclusions:  Both KL‐6 and CEA levels in ELF near the tumour predicted tumour response in NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib, whereas serum levels did not.
Borderline papillary serous tumor of the fimbriated end of the fallopian tube with peritoneal implants
Authors: Ondic Ondrej , Kalis Vladimir , Sima Radek 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDiagnosis of Borderline papillary serous tumor of the fallopian tube was comprehensively established by Zheng in 1996 supported mostly by a histological similarity to its ovarian counterpart. It is a very rare entity with eight cases published so far and the ninth case described here as a 41‐year‐old woman presented with non‐specific lower abdominal pain, dyspareunia and dysuria. Left adnexal mass was identified and she was operated on. It turned out the tumor was attached exclusively to the left tube, with no connection to any of the surrounding structures and with histology of borderline serous tumor with non‐invasive implants in the left and right ovary and visceral peritoneum. Reviewing available data on genetics of these tumors there was diploid status in one examined tumor, and in our case no mutations of KRAS, BRAF and p53 genes were found. Histomorphology remains the mainstay of diagnosis and staging operation is the mainstay of patient management. Prognosis is uncertain with a 6‐year survival documented in one case.
Primary extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the vulva
Authors: Sawada Morio , Tochigi Naobumi , Sasajima Yuko , Hasegawa Tadashi , Kasamatsu Takahiro , Kitawaki Jo 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPrimary extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) of the vulva is extremely rare. There is little available information about the biological behavior and treatment strategy for primary EMC of the vulva. We report a rare case of primary EMC of the vulva treated surgically. A 24‐year‐old Japanese woman had demonstrated a small and elastic mass of the vulva and underwent enucleation of the mass at a previous hospital, but a definitive histopathological diagnosis was not obtained. Therefore, the patient was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment. We histopathologically diagnosed the tumor as primary EMC of the vulva and performed vulvectomy with vulvoperineal reconstruction. Microscopic examination of the resected specimens demonstrated residual tumor nodules of EMC. However, there were no viable tumor cells at the surgical margin. Approximately two years after wide local excision was performed, the patient is doing well and there is no apparent recurrence of EMC.
Aberrant DNA methylation status of endometriosis: Epigenetics as the pathogenesis, biomarker and therapeutic target
Authors: Nasu Kaei , Kawano Yukie , Tsukamoto Yoshiyuki , Takano Masayuki , Takai Noriyuki , Li Haili , Furukawa Yuichi , Abe Wakana , Moriyama Masatsugu , Narahara Hisashi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEndometriosis, a common, benign, estrogen‐dependent disease affecting 3–10% of women of reproductive age, is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue that is found primarily in the peritoneum, ovaries and rectovaginal septum. Recently, endometriosis has been alternatively described as an immune disease, a genetic disease and a disease caused by exposure to environmental factors, in addition to its usual description as a hormonal disease. In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that various epigenetic aberrations play definite roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Epigenetic alterations reported to date in endometriosis include the genomic DNA methylation of progesterone receptor‐B, E‐cadherin, homeobox A10, estrogen receptor‐β, steroidogenic factor‐1 and aromatase. Aberrant expression of DNA methyltransferases, which attach a methyl group to the 5‐carbon position of cytosine bases in the CpG island of the promoter region and silence the corresponding gene expression, has also been demonstrated in endometriosis. This review summarizes the recent studies on the aberrant DNA methylation status and aberrant expression of DNA methyltransferases, which regulate DNA methylation, in endometriosis. We also discuss the recent information on the diagnostic and therapeutic implications of epigenetic alterations occurring in endometriosis.
Vacuolated Beggiatoa‐like filaments from different hypersaline environments form a novel genus
Authors: Hinck Susanne , Mußmann Marc , Salman Verena , Neu Thomas R. , Lenk Sabine , de Beer Dirk , Jonkers Henk M. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryIn this study, members of a specific group of thin (6–14 µm filament diameter), vacuolated Beggiatoa‐like filaments from six different hypersaline microbial mats were morphologically and phylogenetically characterized. Therefore, enrichment cultures were established, filaments were stained with fluorochromes to show intracellular structures and 16S rRNA genes were sequenced. Morphological characteristics of Beggiatoa‐like filaments, in particular the presence of intracellular vacuoles, and the distribution of nucleic acids were visualized. In the intracellular vacuole nitrate reached concentrations of up to 650 mM. Fifteen of the retrieved 16S rRNA gene sequences formed a monophyletic cluster and were phylogenetically closely related (≥ 94.4% sequence identity). Sequences of known filamentous sulfide‐oxidizing genera Beggiatoa and Thioploca that comprise non‐vacuolated and vacuolated filaments from diverse habitats clearly delineated from this cluster. The novel monophyletic cluster was furthermore divided into two sub‐clusters: one contained sequences originating from Guerrero Negro (Mexico) microbial mats and the other comprised sequences from five distinct Spanish hypersaline microbial mats from Ibiza, Formentera and Lake Chiprana. Our data suggest that Beggiatoa‐like filaments from hypersaline environments displaying a thin filament diameter contain nitrate‐storing vacuoles and are phylogenetically separate from known Beggiatoa. Therefore, we propose a novel genus for these organisms, which we suggest to name ‘Candidatus Allobeggiatoa’.
Genetic structure of marine Borrelia garinii and population admixture with the terrestrial cycle of Lyme borreliosis
Authors: Gómez‐Díaz Elena , Boulinier Thierry , Sertour Natacha , Cornet Muriel , Ferquel Elisabeth , McCoy Karen D. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryDespite the importance of population structure for the epidemiology of pathogenic bacteria, the spatial and ecological heterogeneity of these populations is often poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of the Lyme borreliosis (LB) spirochaete Borrelia garinii in its marine cycle involving colonial seabirds and different host races of the seabird tick Ixodes uriae. Multilocus sequence analyses (MLSA) on eight chromosomal and two plasmid loci (ospA and ospC) indicate that B. garinii circulating in the marine system is highly diverse. Microevolution in marine B. garinii seems to be mainly clonal, but recombination and selection do occur. Sequence types were not evenly distributed among geographic regions, with substantial population subdivision between Atlantic and Pacific Ocean basins. However, no geographic structuring was evident within regions. Results of selection analyses and phylogenetic discordance between chromosomal and plasmid loci indicate adaptive evolution is likely occurring in this system, but no pattern of host or vector‐associated divergence was found. Recombination analyses showed evidence for population admixture between terrestrial and marine strains, suggesting that LB spirochaetes are exchanged between these enzootic cycles. Importantly, our results highlight the need to explicitly consider the marine system for a complete understanding of the evolutionary ecology and global epidemiology of Lyme borreliosis.
A distinct freshwater‐adapted subgroup of ANME‐1 dominates active archaeal communities in terrestrial subsurfaces in Japan
Authors: Takeuchi Mio , Yoshioka Hideyoshi , Seo Yuna , Tanabe Susumu , Tamaki Hideyuki , Kamagata Yoichi , Takahashi Hiroshi A. , Igari Shunichiro , Mayumi Daisuke , Sakata Susumu 
Published: June 2011

SummaryAnaerobic methane‐oxidizing archaea (ANME) are known to play an important role in methane flux, especially in marine sediments. The 16S rRNA genes of ANME have been detected in terrestrial freshwater subsurfaces. However, it is unclear whether ANME are actively involved in methane oxidation in these environments. To address this issue, Holocene sediments in the subsurface of the Kanto Plain in Japan were collected for biogeochemical and molecular analysis. The potential activity of the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) (0.38–3.54 nmol cm−3 day−1) was detected in sediment slurry incubation experiments with a 13CH4 tracer. Higher AOM activity was observed in low‐salinity treatment compared with high‐salinity condition (20‰), which supports the adaptation of ANME in freshwater habitats. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis clearly revealed the presence of a distinct subgroup of ANME‐1, designated ANME‐1a‐FW. Phylogenetic analysis of the mcrA genes also implied the presence of the distinct subgroup in ANME‐1. ANME‐1a‐FW was found to be the most dominant active group in the archaeal communities on the basis of 16S rRNA analysis (75.0–93.8% of total archaeal 16S rRNA clones). Sulfate‐reducing bacteria previously known as the syntrophic bacterial partners of ANME‐1 was not detected. Our results showed that ANME‐1a‐FW is adapted to freshwater habitats and is responsible for AOM in terrestrial freshwater subsurface environments.
Interpretative Flexibility of the Event‐City: Security, Branding and Urban Entrepreneurialism at the European Football Championships 2008
Authors: KLAUSER FRANCISCO R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSport mega‐events not only give rise to major economic and socio‐cultural opportunities for host cities and nations, but also arouse increased local, national and international security concerns. This article, which focuses on the European Football Championships 2008 in Austria and Switzerland (Euro 2008), seeks to link business and security issues associated with sport mega‐events. More specifically, it sets out to investigate the ‘interpretative flexibility’— for purposes of security, branding and urban entrepreneurialism — of two types of spatial enclosures, set up temporarily in the host cities of the Euro 2008: UEFA fan zones and stadium security rings. Emphasis will be placed on the building up and articulation of the successive layers of meaning of these zones through various mechanisms of institutional learning and policy transfer. The ‘making’ of fan zones and stadium security rings will hence be positioned within a complex field of agencies, driving forces and motivations in terms of business and security, including a range of international processes and stipulations, as well as diverse local and national predispositions and impulses.RésuméLes méga‐évènements sportifs offrent des possibilités économiques et socio‐culturelles considérables pour les villes et pays d'accueil, mais ils accentuent aussi les problématiques de sécurité locales, nationales et internationales. En s'intéressant à l'Euro 2008 de football qui s'est tenu en Autriche et en Suisse, cet article relie les enjeux économiques et sécuritaires associés à ce genre d'événement. Plus particulièrement, il étudie la ‘flexibilité interprétative’— en termes de sécurité, de stratégie de marque et d'entrepreneurialisme urbain — propre à deux types de cadres spatiaux créés temporairement dans les villes d'accueil de l'Euro 2008: les UEFA Fan Zones et les périmètres de sécurité des stades. Le but est d'examiner la superposition et l'articulation des différents niveaux de signification de ces zones à travers plusieurs mécanismes d'apprentissage institutionnel et de transfert d'action publique. La ‘fabrication’ des Fan Zones et des périmètres de sécurité des stades sera donc replacée dans un cadre complexe d'agences, de dynamiques et de motivations en matière d'activitééconomique et de sécurité, révélant ainsi toute une série de conditions et de processus internationaux, ainsi que différentes prédispositions et initiatives d'ordre local et national.
The Development and Standardization of Testing Methods for Genetically Modified Organisms and their Derived ProductsF
Authors: Zhang Dabing , Guo Jinchao 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDabing Zhang (Corresponding author) As the worldwide commercialization of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) increases and consumers concern the safety of GMOs, many countries and regions are issuing labeling regulations on GMOs and their products. Analytical methods and their standardization for GM ingredients in foods and feed are essential for the implementation of labeling regulations. To date, the GMO testing methods are mainly based on the inserted DNA sequences and newly produced proteins in GMOs. This paper presents an overview of GMO testing methods as well as their standardization.
Lapachol suppresses cell proliferation and secretion of interleukin-6 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 of fibroblasts derived from hypertrophic scars
Authors: Matsui Takuya , Ito Chihiro , Oda Makiko , Itoigawa Masataka , Yokoo Kazuhisa , Okada Tadashi , Furukawa Hiroshi 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Objectives
The pathogenesis and therapy of hypertrophic scar have not yet been established. Our aim was to investigate the antiproliferative and antisecretory effects of lapachol, isolated from the stem bark of Avicennia rumphiana Hall. f., on hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.

Methods
The effects of lapachol on hypertrophic scar fibroblast proliferation were measured using the MTT assay, cell-cycle analyses and lactate dehydrogenase assays. The type I collagen α-chain (COL1A1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) mRNA and/or protein levels of hypertrophic scar-fibroblasts were quantitated by real-time PCR and ELISA.

Key findings
Lapachol at 25 and 50 µm significantly inhibited the in vitro proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts, but not fibroblasts from non-lesional skin sites. In addition, lapachol had no apparent effect on cell cycle and lactate dehydrogenase activity in conditioned medium from lapachol-treated hypertrophic scar fibroblasts was nearly equal to that in medium from vehicle-treated cells. Lapachol treatment also inhibited COL1A1 and PAI-1 mRNA levels in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts, but did not affect IL-6 mRNA levels. The protein levels of IL-6 and PAI-1 in conditioned medium from hypertrophic scar fibroblasts treated with 50 µm lapachol were lower than those from vehicle-treated hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.

Conclusions
Lapachol decreased the proliferation rate of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. As IL-6 and PAI-1 secretion was also lowered in lapachol-treated hypertrophic scar fibroblasts, our findings suggested that lapachol may have suppressed extracellular matrix hyperplasia in wound healing and possibly alleviated the formation of hypertrophic scar.
A qualitative study of physicians' and nurses' experiences of multidisciplinary collaboration with pharmacists participating at case conferences
Authors: Halvorsen Kjell H , Stensland Per , Granas Anne Gerd 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectivesPrevious studies have revealed a range of drug-related problems for nursing home and hospital patients. Different attempts to reduce drug-related problems have been tested. Medication reviews performed by pharmacists and subsequent presentation of findings at case conferences is one of these methods. Physicians' and nurses' experiences from multidisciplinary collaboration with pharmacists have to a lesser degree been investigated. This study aims to describe how Norwegian physicians and nurses experience collaborating with pharmacists at case conferences to reduce drug-related problems in elderly patients.MethodsThis was a qualitative interview study using systematic text condensation. The setting was nursing homes (long-term care) and hospital wards (gerontology and rheumatology). Four physicians and eight nurses participated and the main outcome was physicians' and nurses' experiences of multidisciplinary collaboration with pharmacists.Key findingsOrganizational problems were experienced including, among others, what professional contribution team members could expect from pharmacists and what professional role the pharmacist should have in the multidisciplinary team. Both professions reported that ambiguities as to when and if the pharmacist was supposed to attend their regular meetings resulted in some aggravation. On the other hand, the participants valued contributions from pharmacists with regard to pharmaceutical skills, and felt that this raised awareness on prescribing quality.ConclusionsPhysicians and nurses valued the pharmacists' services and reported that this collaboration improved patients' drug therapy. However, before implementing this service in nursing homes there is a need to make an organizational framework for this collaboration to support the professional role of the pharmacist.