bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex‐dependent and differential responses to acute restraint stress of corticotropin‐releasing factor–producing neurons in the rat paraventricular nucleus, central amygdala, and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis
Authors: Sterrenburg Linda , Gaszner Balázs , Boerrigter Jeroen , Santbergen Lennart , Bramini Mattia , Roubos Eric W. , Peeters Bernard W.M.M. , Kozicz Tamás 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMale and female rodents respond differently to acute stress. We tested our hypothesis that this sex difference is based on differences in stress sensitivity of forebrain areas, by determining possible effects of a single acute psychogenic stressor (1‐hr restraint stress) on neuronal gene expression (c‐Fos and FosB immunoreactivities), storage of corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) immunoreactivity, and CRF production (CRF mRNA in situ hybridization) as well as the expression of genes associated with epigenetic processes (quantitative RT‐PCR) in the rat paraventricular nucleus (PVN), the oval and fusiform subdivisions of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTov and BSTfu, respectively), and the central amygdala (CeA), in both males and females. Compared with females, male rats responded to the stressor with a stronger rise in corticosterone titer and a stronger increase in neuronal contents of c‐Fos, CRF mRNA, and CREB‐binding protein mRNA in the PVN. In the BSTov, females but not males showed an increase in c‐Fos, whereas the CRF mRNA content was increased in males only. In the BSTfu, males and females showed similar stress‐induced increases in c‐Fos and FosB, whereas in the CeA, both sexes revealed similar increases in c‐Fos and in CRF mRNA. We conclude that male and female rats differ in their reactivity to acute stress with respect to possibly epigenetically mediated (particularly in the PVN) neuronal gene expression and neuropeptide dynamics (PVN and BSTov) and that this difference may contribute to the sex dependence of the animal's physiological and behavioral responses to an acute stressor. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A surface plasmon resonance sensor on a compact disk‐type microfluidic device
Authors: Hemmi Akihide , Usui Takashi , Moto Akihiro , Tobita Tatsuya , Soh Nobuaki , Nakano Koji , Zeng Hulie , Uchiyama Katsumi , Imato Toshihiko , Nakajima Hizuru 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor on a compact disk (CD)‐type microfluidic device was developed to miniaturize the elements of a complete analytical system, pump and valves. The CD‐type microfluidic device was fabricated by attaching a polydimethylsiloxane disk plate that contained microchannels and reservoirs to a flat polycarbonate disk plate that contained grating films with a thin layer of Au. The optical system of the SPR sensor and the theory for its operation are based on the principle of a grating coupled‐type SPR. The sample and reagent solutions in the reservoirs on the CD‐type microfluidic device were sequentially introduced into the detection chamber by centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the microfluidic device. The variation of resonance wavelength was dependent on the refractive index of the sample solution. This CD‐type SPR sensor was successfully used in an immunoassay of immunoglobulin A (IgA). The anti‐IgA, blocking reagent, sample and washing solution in the reservoirs were sequentially introduced into the detection chamber by changing the frequency of rotation of the microfluidic device. IgA in the sample solution was adsorbed to the anti‐IgA immobilized on the Au thin layer in the detection chamber and was then detected by the SPR sensor.
A sightability model for correcting visibility and availability biases in standardized surveys of breeding burrowing owls in southwest agroecosystem environments
Authors: Manning Jeffrey A. , Garton Edward O. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUnbiased estimates of burrowing owl populations (Athene cunicularia) are essential to achieving diverse management and conservation objectives. We conducted visibility trials and developed logistic regression models to identify and correct for visibility bias associated with single, vehicle‐based, visual survey occasions of breeding male owls during daylight hours in an agricultural landscape in California between 30 April and 2 May 2007. Visibility was predicted best by a second‐degree polynomial function of time of day and 7 categorical perch types. Probability of being visible was highest in the afternoon, and individuals that flushed, flew, or perched on hay bales were highly visible (>0.85). Visibility was lowest in agricultural fields (<0.46) and nonagricultural vegetation (<0.77). We used the results from this model to compute unbiased maximum likelihood estimates of visibility bias, and combined these with estimated probabilities of availability bias to validate our model by correcting for visibility and availability biases in 4 independent datasets collected during morning hours. Correcting for both biases produced reliable estimates of abundance in all 4 independent validation datasets. We recommend that estimates of burrowing owl abundance from surveys in the southwest United States correct for both visibility and availability biases. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Effect of African‐ and European‐American maternal attitudes and limit‐setting strategies on children's self‐regulation
Authors: LeCuyer Elizabeth A. , Swanson Dena P. , Cole Robert , Kitzman Harriet 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe effect of maternal attitudes and limit‐setting strategies on children's self‐regulation (measured as committed compliance) was compared in 151 African‐American (AA) and 108 European‐American (EA) mothers and their 3‐year‐old children. There were no ethnic differences in children's compliance, however ethnicity moderated the relationship between maternal authoritarian attitudes and children's compliance. Higher authoritarian attitudes predicted less children's compliance in the EA sample, but greater compliance in the AA sample. Observational limit‐setting data revealed that in both ethnic groups, maternal authoritarian attitudes influenced children's self‐regulation through maternal use of lower‐power (gentle) verbal strategies, fewer physical strategies, and judicious use of higher‐power verbal strategies. The findings indicate that the meaning and purpose of authoritarian attitudes varies across these mothers' socio‐cultural contexts. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:468–482, 2011
Prolonged Membrane Depolarization Enhances Midbrain Dopamine Neuron Differentiation via Epigenetic Histone Modifications
Authors: He Xi-Biao , Yi Sang-Hoon , Rhee Yong-Hee , Kim Hyemin , Han Yong-Mahn , Lee Suk-Ho , Lee Hyunsu , Park Chang-Hwan , Lee Yong-Sung , Richardson Eric , Kim Byung-Woo , Lee Sang-Hun 
Published: September 2011

AbstractUnderstanding midbrain dopamine (DA) neuron differentiation is of importance, because of physiological and clinical implications of this neuronal subtype. We show that prolonged membrane depolarization induced by KCl treatment promotes DA neuron differentiation from neural precursor cells (NPCs) derived from embryonic ventral midbrain (VM). Interestingly, the depolarization-induced increase of DA neuron yields was not abolished by L-type calcium channel blockers, along with no depolarization-mediated change of intracellular calcium level in the VM-derived NPCs (VM-NPCs), suggesting that the depolarization effect is due to a calcium-independent mechanism. Experiments with labeled DA neuron progenitors indicate that membrane depolarization acts at the differentiation fate determination stage and promotes the expression of DA phenotype genes (tyrosine hydroxylase [TH] and DA transporter [DAT]). Recruitment of Nurr1, a transcription factor crucial for midbrain DA neuron development, to the promoter of TH gene was enhanced by depolarization, along with increases of histone 3 acetylation (H3Ac) and trimethylation of histone3 on lysine 4 (H3K4m3), and decreases of H3K9m3 and H3K27m3 in the consensus Nurr1 binding regions of TH promoter. Depolarization stimuli on differentiating VM-NPCs also induced dissociation of methyl CpG binding protein 2 and related repressor complex molecules (repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor corepressor and histone deacetylase 1) from the CpG sites of TH and DAT promoters. Based on these findings, we suggest that membrane depolarization promotes DA neuron differentiation by opening chromatin structures surrounding DA phenotype genes and inhibiting the binding of corepressors, thus allowing transcriptional activators such as Nurr1 to access DA neuron differentiation gene promoter regions.
Cementless large‐head metal‐on‐metal total hip arthroplasty in patients younger than 60 years—A multicenter early result
Authors: Wu Po‐Ting , Wang Chih‐Jen , Yen Cheng‐Yo , Jian Ji‐Shen , Lai Kuo‐An 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLarge‐head metal‐on‐metal total hip arthroplasty has the theoretical advantages of less wear and better range of motion than traditional polyethylene bearings and seems to be a better choice for young and active patients. We conducted a retrospective study and reported the early results of using such prostheses in 59 patients (70 hips) with a mean age of 43.1 years (range, 23–59 years) at the time of surgery. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head accounted for most diagnoses. Harris Hip Scores and hip range of motion both significantly improved (p < 0.001) at an average follow‐up of 32.6 months (range, 24–48 months). Only one intraoperative calcar fissure was encountered, and it was fixated by cerclage wiring; there was no infection, dislocation, or osteolysis around either the cup or the stem at the latest follow‐up. A postoperative gap in the acetabular component was noted in 24 hips, with a mean depth of 1.11 mm, but this was not correlated with the functional score (p = 0.291). Transient thigh pain, which resolved after 6 months, was observed in six patients but was not related to either the postoperative gap or cup inclination (p = 1.000 and p = 0.664, respectively). All patients resumed their original jobs and recreational activities with little discomfort. Thus far, large‐head metal‐on‐metal total hip arthroplasty has shown excellent early results. The long‐term results and the effects of metal debris and potentially elevated serum metal ion levels require further observation.
Revisiting the late Pleistocene mammal extinction record at Tight Entrance Cave, southwestern Australia
Authors: Faith J. Tyler , O'Connell James F. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTight Entrance Cave (TEC) in southwestern Australia provides a Pleistocene sequence documenting the extinction of 14 large mammal species. This record has been interpreted as indicating that extinctions did not occur during or before the penultimate glacial maximum (PGM) and that humans played a primary role in the extinctions. However, it remains possible that the majority of extinct megafauna persisted no later than the PGM. The TEC extinctions correspond with vegetation change, a cooling/drying trend, increased biomass burning, and increasingly unstable small mammal communities. The initiation of these trends predates human arrival on the continent and implies environmentally mediated extinctions.
The fake food buffet – a new method in nutrition behaviour research
Authors: Bucher T. , van der Horst K. , Siegrist M. 
Published: September 2011

Experimental research in behavioural nutrition is often limited by practical applicability. In the present study, we assess the reproducibility and validity of a new experimental method using food replicas. A total of fifty-seven people were invited on two separate occasions with an interval of 2 weeks to serve themselves a meal from a fake food buffet (FFB) containing replica carrots, beans, pasta and chicken. The external validity of the FFB was assessed in a second study by comparing meals served from replica foods (beans, pasta, chicken) with meals served from a corresponding real food buffet (RFB). For the second study, forty-eight participants were invited on two separate occasions; first to serve themselves a meal from the FFB or an RFB and 2 weeks later from the other buffet. The amounts of food items served and (theoretical) energy content were compared. Correlation coefficients between the amounts of fake foods served were 0·77 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·86) for chicken, 0·79 (95 % CI 0·68, 0·87) for carrots, 0·81 (95 % CI 0·69, 0·89) for beans and 0·89 (95 % CI 0·82, 0·93) for pasta. For the FFB meal and the RFB meal, the correlations ranged between 0·76 (95 % CI 0·73, 0·91) for chicken and 0·87 (95 % CI 0·77, 0·92) for beans. The theoretical energy of the fake meal was 132 kJ (32 kcal) lower compared to the energy of the real meal. Results suggest that the FFB can be a valuable tool for the experimental assessment of relative effects of environmental influences on portion sizes and food choice under well-controlled conditions.
Synchronous ossiculoplasty with titanium prosthesis during canal wall down surgery for advanced cholesteatoma: anatomical and hearing outcomes
Authors: Iseri M , Ustundag E , Ulubil A , Ozturk M , Bircan O 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:To analyse patients with cholesteatoma undergoing canal wall down mastoidectomy together with ossicular reconstruction with a titanium prosthesis, in order to identify factors associated with hearing outcomes.Study design:Retrospective review of 97 cases undergoing single-stage surgical management.Methods:All patients underwent canal wall down mastoidectomy. Kurz titanium ossicular prostheses were used for ossicular chain reconstruction. Pre-operative and post-operative air conduction and bone conduction hearing thresholds were obtained at 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000 Hz.Results:The mean pure tone average improved from 46.02 ± 14.54 dB pre-operatively to 29.32 ± 14.64 dB post-operatively, for both total and partial ossicular replacement prosthesis groups combined. The mean air–bone gap improved from 30.38 ± 11.12 dB pre-operatively to 15.62 ± 9.65 dB post-operatively, for both groups combined.Conclusion:Reconstruction with a titanium prosthesis offers good functional results when performed during canal wall down surgery for advanced cholesteatoma, as a single-stage procedure.
Progress in paediatric parasitology: a preface to a topic focusing on ever younger subjects
Authors: STOTHARD J. RUSSELL , CHIODINI PETER , BOOTH MARK 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYWithout realizing it perhaps, the research activities of many parasitologists are often focused upon the study of parasites most commonly found in children. Though there is little recognition of paediatric parasitology as a separate topic within medical parasitology, with the global interest in promotion of maternal and child health, alleviation of diseases associated with poverty and requirements of ‘child-sized’ medicines, a more formal consideration is now timely. Recent research, for example, has highlighted that defining precisely the ‘first-age’ at which parasites interfere with a child's health, or normal developmental processes, is being revised. Attention is now drawn towards ever younger subjects, for parasites have the capacity to also influence the health of the foetus within the in utero environment, altering immune-development. These subtle, yet evolutionary profound interactions perhaps manifest themselves as to why some children are more prone to infection(s), develop overt disease and sadly die while others do not. Here, we address the growing importance of paediatric parasitology and its applications within disease control strategies as highlighted in the 2010 Autumn Symposium of the British Society of Parasitology.
Discontinuity of topological entropy for Lozi maps
Authors: YILDIZ IZZET BURAK 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRecently, Buzzi [Maximal entropy measures for piecewise affine surface homeomorphisms. Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.29 (2009), 1723–1763] showed in the compact case that the entropy map f→htop(f) is lower semi-continuous for all piecewise affine surface homeomorphisms. We prove that topological entropy for Lozi maps can jump from zero to a value above 0.1203 as one crosses a particular parameter and hence it is not upper semi-continuous in general. Moreover, our results can be extended to a small neighborhood of this parameter showing the jump in the entropy occurs along a line segment in the parameter space.
Development of a human-computer interface
Authors: Brockett Adrian A , Clark Ian A , Taylor Owen B 
Published: September 2011

In this paper we describe the development of a teaching aid for the intensive study of Arabic text samples. To do this, we consider it more useful to adopt the standpoint of the Human-Computer Interface (HCI) engineer, rather than the educational theorist.Most of the HCI problems we have encountered spring from unique features of the task domain (which is what HCI practitioners call the restricted world in which the computer-assisted worker lives and moves). All real-world applications have unique features. Not infrequently these loom large enough to dominate the design effort. By discussing what are admittedly unique features of the present project, we shall nevertheless cast light upon the general requirement for appropriate HCI tools and techniques in present-day teaching media. We also aim to share our experience of using HyperCard, running on the Apple Macintosh computer, as a course-authoring system.
Height, Whole Body Surface Area, Gender, Working Outdoors, and Sunbathing in Previous Summer are Important Determinants of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D Levels
Authors: Pazaitou-Panayiotou K. , Papapetrou P. , Chrisoulidou A. , Konstantinidou S. , Doumala E. , Georgiou E. , Panagiotou V. , Sotiriadou E. , Mavroudi E. , Apostolaki-Christopoulou M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractTo investigate if serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) is related to the whole Body Surface Area (BSA), and to several other anthropometric and environmental factors.Serum 25(OH)D was determined in 489 apparently healthy subjects (346 women and 143 men, mean age 43.9 years) in April and May. From all subjects the following data were available: height, body weight, waist to hip ratio, BSA, BMI, environment of work (indoors vs. outdoors), habit of regularly sunbathing during previous summer(s), fear of sun, dwelling in city or village, and skin color.Approximately 43% of the participants had serum 25(OH)D levels between 10 and 20 ng/ml, 44% had values between 20.1 and 30 ng/ml, whereas about 5% had values below 10 ng/ml and only 9% had values above 30 ng/ml. There was a significant positive relationship between 25(OH)D, height and BSA, which was more pronounced for BSA in obese subjects even after adjustment for work outdoors and sunbathing during previous summer(s). Outdoor workers and sunbathers had higher 25(OH)D compared to indoor workers and non-sunbathers respectively. Men when compared to women had higher 25(OH)D regardless of BMI and this difference was apparently due to the fact that men were taller, had greater BSA, and worked more often outdoors.Height, whole BSA, gender, working outdoors and sunbathing in previous summer(s) proved to be significant determinants of serum 25(OH)D. Vitamin D status is higher in taller individuals with greater BSA, and in men when compared to women.
Stillbirth Integration: Dramatherapy Applied to Unresolved Grief
Authors: Bar-Yitzchak Rachel 
Published: September 2011

This research is a case study of the effect of Dramatherapy with a client who was suffering from prolonged grief following stillbirth. The assumption was that an analysis of the Dramatherapy sessions could shed light on processes that may assist the client in relief of her unresolved grief and integration of her stillbirth, which were necessary in order to get on with her life. The Dramatherapy was based on Jennings’ (1992, 1993, 1998) EPR model. The analysis focused on the dramatherapeutic processes, specifically, dramatic reworking, retelling and projection, that accompanied the client's experience of relief and integration of her loss. The client, ‘Iris’ (a fictional name), is a career woman, who sought dramatherapeutic treatment in the hope that it might help her overcome her overwhelming feelings of distress and sorrow, which made it difficult for her to function, both physically and emotionally. The research examined the first six sessions of a longer-term therapy, during which the client's prolonged grief emerged as a major issue for her. The records kept by a participant observer (the researcher), the products of the client's art work, and audio recordings of the sessions served as the research data. The presentation of the data focused on changes in the client's appearance, body language, vocal presence, emotionality, and issues raised in the sessions.
Track the Deer, Catch it and Then Let it Go
Authors: Hougham Richard 
Published: September 2011

The following paper is based on research into a dramatic model of group supervision that was also informed by ideas from Jungian psychology. Postgraduate dramatherapy students were given the opportunity to reflect, embody and dramatise what they considered to be ‘significant moments’ from their placement practice over a period of ten weeks. A semi-structured interview was then carried out with each of the nine participants. Analysis of their responses identified two emerging themes −1) a diversity of perspectives on the same session, where students who participated in the same work had different experiences and 2) working with the drama and the body in supervision offered the chance to reconnect with and investigate body-based experiences from practice. Through continuing to use the art form of drama in supervision (in particular role-playing the client), it seemed that qualities and nuances of the session and the therapeutic relationship could be explored. In particular, some of the unconscious communication between therapist and client seemed to be exposed through working with the body and drama.
Who's that behind You? What Do We Knowingly Or Unknowingly Bring from Our Heritage that Colours the Way We Interpret and Practise Dramatherapy?
Authors: Min Ye 
Published: September 2011

The current article reflects on how cultural influences can impact on the work of someone who has never been wholly immersed in their own culture. It considers this from the position of a Dramatherapist currently working with young people with mental health difficulties. It touches on the areas of formative experiences and how they may be assimilated or rejected to produce ‘cultural templates’ that we may choose to adopt. It concludes with the idea that ‘our culture’ is composed of the many things we personally choose to adhere to and therefore it is much more of an individual statement than is generally accepted. This article is a redrafting of the keynote workshop presentation made for the BADth Equal Opportunities Subcommittee Workshop Day on April 25th 2009.