bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severe phenylephrine-associated hemorrhage in five aged horses
Authors: Frederick Jeremy , Giguère Steeve , Butterworth Kelly , Pellegrini-Masini Alessandra , Casas-Dolz Raul , Turpin Meg Miller 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Case Description—5 aged (≥ 17 years old) horses developed life-threatening Internal hemorrhage following IV administration of phenylephrine at 3 hospitals.
Clinical Findings—All 5 horses developed severe hemothorax, hemoabdomen, or both within minutes to hours following administration of phenylephrine.
Treatment and Outcome—Four of 5 horses died of hemorrhagic shock, and 1 horse survived with a blood transfusion. The exact source of hemorrhage was Identified In only 1 horse. Medical records of all horses with nephrosplenic entrapment of the large colon and treated with phenylephrine at the University of Florida Veterinary Medical Center between 2000 and 2008 (n = 74) were reviewed. Three of these 74 (4%) horses developed fatal hemorrhage (horses 1 through 3 of this report). The risk of developing phenylephrine-associated hemorrhage was 64 times as high (95% confidence interval, 3.7 to 1,116) in horses ≥ 15 years old than in horses < 15 years old.
Clinical Relevance—The potential risks versus benefits of phenylephrine administration should be evaluated carefully, especially In old horses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 2010;237:830–834)
Monopoly Innovation and Welfare Effects
Authors: Yao Shuntian , Gan Lydia 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
In this paper we study the welfare effect of a monopoly innovation. Unlike many partial equilibrium models carried out in previous studies, general equilibrium models are constructed and analyzed in greater detail. We discover that technical innovation carried out by a monopolist could significantly increase the social welfare. We conclude that, in general, the criticism against monopoly innovation based on its increased deadweight loss is less accurate than previously postulated by many studies.
A Study of Price Evolution in Online Toy Market
Authors: Yang Zhenlin , Gan Lydia , Tang Fang-Fang 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
We study and contrast pricing and price evolution of online only (Dotcom) and online branch of multi-channel retailers (OBMCRs) based on two panel data sets collected from online toy markets. Panel data regression analyses reveal several interesting empirical results: over time, OBMCRs and Dotcoms charge similar prices on average but Dotcoms significantly increase their shipping costs that eventually drive the overall average price of Dotcoms higher than that of OBMCRs. Price dispersions of both types of retailers are persistent. The price dispersion of OBMCRs is higher than that of Dotcoms at the beginning and does not change much over time, but the price dispersion of Dotcoms increases significantly over time, indicating that the latter will eventually be higher than the former. Moreover, the OBMCRs charge significantly different prices, but the Dotcoms charge similar prices.
Computer Control of Microscopes Using µManager
Authors: Edelstein Arthur , Amodaj Nenad , Hoover Karl , Vale Ron , Stuurman Nico 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWith the advent of digital cameras and motorization of mechanical components, computer control of microscopes has become increasingly important. Software for microscope image acquisition should not only be easy to use, but also enable and encourage novel approaches. The open‐source software package µManager aims to fulfill those goals. This unit provides step‐by‐step protocols describing how to get started working with µManager, as well as some starting points for advanced use of the software. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 92:14.20.1‐14.20.17. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Pathway Modulators and Inhibitors
Authors: Smith John A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractInhibitors of specific cellular pathways are useful for investigating the roles of proteins of unknown function, and for selectively inhibiting a protein in complex pathways to uncover its relationships to other proteins in this and other interacting pathways. This appendix provides links to Web sites that describe cellular processes and pathways along with the various classes of inhibitors, numerous references, downloadable diagrams, and technical tips. Curr. Protoc. Mol. Biol. 92:A.6.1‐A.6.19. © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Molecular Analysis of Gene Rearrangements and Mutations in Acute Leukemias and Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Sholl Lynette M. , Longtine Janina 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA large subset of acute leukemias and other myeloproliferative neoplasms contain specific genetic alterations, many of which are associated with unique clinical and pathologic features. These alterations include chromosomal translocations leading to oncogenic fusion genes, as well as mutations leading to aberrant activation of a variety of proteins critical to hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation. Molecular analysis is central to diagnosis and clinical management of leukemias, permitting genetic confirmation of a clinical and histologic impression, providing prognostic and predictive information, and facilitating detection of minimal residual disease. This unit will outline approaches to the molecular diagnosis of the most frequent and clinically relevant genetic alterations in acute leukemias and myeloproliferative neoplasms. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 67:10.4.1‐10.4.35 © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Reporting of Diagnostic Cytogenetic Results
Authors: Ligon Azra H. , Morton Cynthia C. , Bieber Frederick R. , Fletcher Jonathan A. , Giersch Anne B.S. , Kantarci Sibel , Leach Natalia , Lee Charles , Sandstrom Mary , Weremowicz Stanislawa , Xiao Sheng , Cin Paola Dal 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis appendix, developed by the staff at the Clinical Cytogenetics Laboratory at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, includes a comprehensive list of current “macros” or standardized statements used to facilitate reporting of cytogenetic results. These are provided as a reference for other laboratories. The statements are organized under the general categories of constitutional or acquired abnormalities and subdivided into analysis type (GTG‐banding or FISH). Multi‐specimen usage macros are included that can be applied to two or more specimen types. Curr. Protoc. Hum. Genet. 67:A.1D.1‐A.1D.24 © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Monodisperse Pt3Fe Nanocubes: Synthesis, Characterization, Self‐Assembly, and Electrocatalytic Activity
Authors: Zhang Jun , Yang Hongzhou , Yang Kaikun , Fang Jiye , Zou Shouzhong , Luo Zhiping , Wang Howard , Bae In‐Tae , Jung Dae Young 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA facile, reliable, and robust synthetic method to prepare high‐quality Pt3Fe nanocubes is reported. Results of investigation on these Pt3Fe nanocubes in shape‐/size‐distribution, crystallinity, structural characteristics, compositions, electrochemical activity towards small organic molecule oxidation as well as capability of assembling into simple cubic supercrystals are presented, and a possible formation mechanism of the cubic nanocrystals at high temperature in oleylamine/oleic acid solution is also proposed. This study indicates that the catalyst performance may be improved by controlling the shape of particles.
Masitinib for the treatment of systemic and cutaneous mastocytosis with handicap: A phase 2a study
Authors: Paul Carle , Sans Beatrix , Suarez Felipe , Casassus Philippe , Barete Stéphane , Lanternier Fanny , Grandpeix‐Guyodo Catherine , Dubreuil Patrice , Palmérini Fabienne , Mansfield Colin D. , Gineste Paul , Moussy Alain , Hermine Olivier , Lortholary Olivier 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTreatment options for patients suffering from indolent forms of mastocytosis remain inadequate with the hyperactivation of mast cells responsible for many of the disease's systemic manifestations. Masitinib is a potent and highly selective oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor. A combined inhibition of c‐Kit and Lyn make it particularly efficient in controlling the activity of mast cells and therefore, of potential therapeutic benefit in mastocytosis. Masitinib was administered to 25 patients diagnosed as having systemic or cutaneous mastocytosis with related handicap (i.e., disabilities associated with flushes, depression, pruritus and quality‐of‐life) at the initial dose levels of 3 or 6 mg/kg/day over 12 weeks. In accordance with the AFIRMM study, response was based upon change of clinical symptoms associated with patient handicap at week 12 relative to baseline, regardless of disease subtype. Improvement was observed in all primary endpoints at week 12 including a reduction of flushes, Hamilton rating, and pruritus as compared with baseline by 64% (P = 0.0005), 43% (P = 0.0049), and 36% (P = 0.0077), respectively. An overall clinical response was observed in 14/25 patients (56%; [95%CI = 37%−75%]), with sustainable improvement observed throughout an extension phase (>60 weeks). Common adverse events were edema (44%), nausea (44%), muscle spasms (28%), and rash (28%), the majority of which were of mild or moderate severity with a significant decline in frequency observed after 12 weeks of treatment. One patient experienced a serious adverse event of reversible agranulocytosis. Masitinib is a promising treatment for indolent forms of mastocytosis with handicap and indicates acceptable tolerability for long‐term treatment regimens. Am. J. Hematol. 85:921–925, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reduktive Dehydroxylierung von Allylalkoholen durch IspH‐Protein
Authors: Gräwert Tobias , Span Ingrid , Bacher Adelbert , Groll Michael 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDie Biosynthese von Naturstoffen ist eine Fundgrube für ungewöhnliche Reaktionsmechanismen. Neue strukturbiologische und mechanistische Untersuchungen machen verständlich, wie Allylalkohole im Rahmen der Terpen‐Biosynthese durch das IspH‐Protein reduktiv dehydroxyliert werden.
Multicomponent Reactions for the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Jiang Bo , Rajale Trideep , Wever Walter , Tu Shu‐Jiang , Li Guigen 
Published: October 2010

AbstractMulticomponent domino reactions (MDRs) serve as a rapid and efficient tool for the synthesis of versatile heterocycles, particularly those containing structural diversity and complexity, by a one‐pot operation. These reactions can dramatically reduce the generation of chemical wastes, costs of starting materials, and the use of energy and manpower. Moreover, the reaction period can be substantially shortened. This Review covers recent advances on multicomponent domino reactions for the construction of five‐, six‐, and seven‐membered heterocyclic skeletons and their multicyclic derivatives.
Studies with Wnt genes and nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate
Authors: Menezes Renato , Letra Ariadne , Kim Ana H. , Küchler Erika C. , Day Alicia , Tannure Patricia N. , da Motta Luise Gomes , Paiva Katiucia B.S. , Granjeiro Jose M. , Vieira Alexandre R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDClefts of the lip and/or palate (cleft lip/palate) are notable for their complex etiology. The WNT pathway regulates multiple developmental processes including craniofacial development and may play a role in cleft lip/palate and other defects of craniofacial development such as tooth agenesis. Variations in WNT genes have been recently associated with cleft lip/palate in humans. In addition, two WNT genes, Wnt3 and Wnt9B, are located in the clf1 cleft locus in mice.METHODSWe investigated 13 SNPs located in Wnt3A, Wnt5A, Wnt8A, Wnt11, Wnt3, and Wnt9B genes for association with cleft lip/palate subphenotypes in 463 cleft cases and 303 unrelated controls. Genotyping of selected polymorphisms was carried out using Taqman assays. PLINK 1.06 software was used to test for differences in allele frequencies of each polymorphism between affected and unaffected individuals. Haplotype analysis was also performed.RESULTSIndividuals carrying variant alleles in WNT3 presented an increased risk for cleft lip/palate (p = 0.0003; OR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.29–2.02) in the population studied.CONCLUSIONOur results continue to support a role for WNT genes in the pathogenesis of cleft lip/palate. Although much remains to be learned about the function of individual WNT genes during craniofacial development, additional studies should focus on the identification of potentially functional variants in these genes as contributors to human clefting. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Preconception care for women with diabetes and prevention of major congenital malformations
Authors: Kitzmiller John L. , Wallerstein Robert , Correa Adolfo , Kwan Saiyin 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the rationale for diabetes preconception care interventions for women with diabetes and the efficacy in reducing the excess occurrence of major congenital malformations. The problems with broad use of individualized preconception care are considered. In addition, suggestions are made for the implementation of more comprehensive interventions in the community and usual diabetes care settings, to address the multiple ongoing challenges in the prevention of structural anomalies associated with preexisting diabetes. Based on the published evidence, successful preconception care can be considered to include: achievement of individualized target standardized glycosylated hemoglobin levels, adequate nutrition, and minimizing hypoglycemia before and after discontinuing effective contraception and during the transition to early prenatal care. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An anatomic and clinical study of the adductor magnus tendon‐descending genicular artery bone flap
Authors: Huang Dong , Wang Hai‐Wen , Xu Da‐Chuan , Wang Hong‐Gang , Wu Wei‐Zhi , Zhang Hui‐Ru 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe composite tissue flap of the descending genicular vessels with the adductor magnus tendon is a newly developed, reliable method to repair the Achilles tendon and relevant skin defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anatomy of the adductor magnus tendon‐descending genicular artery bone flap, and the feasibility and value for the repair of the Achilles tendon and relevant skin defects. There were 34 adult specimens used for the anatomy of this flap. The descending genicular artery originates 10.5 ± 1.6 cm above the adductor tubercle, with a diameter of 1.8 ± 0.6 mm and a length of 1.2 ± 0.5 cm. Its articular branch is distributed in the adductor magnus tendon and the medial condyle of the femur. The saphenous branch has a diameter of 1.1 ± 0.3 mm and is distributed in the skin of the upper medial calf. A total of 16 cases of trauma‐induced Achilles tendon damage and calcaneus and skin defects were repaired with the vascularized adductor magnus tendon bone flap, including the reconstruction of Achilles tendon insertion and repair of relevant skin defects. All of the composite tissue flaps were viable, the skin sensation of the flaps was recovered, and all patients walked with a normal gait. Our results suggested that the adductor magnus tendon‐descending genicular artery bone flap is an alternative method to repair composite tissue defects of the Achilles tendon. Clin. Anat. 24:77–83, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Semi‐Continuous Emulsion Copolymerization of Styrene‐Butyl Acrylate with Methacrylic Acid: Box‐Behnken Design of Experiments
Authors: Hua H. , Dubé M. A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA three‐factor three‐level Box‐Behnken design was conducted to study the semi‐continuous emulsion copolymerization of styrene (St)/butyl acrylate (BA) with methacrylic acid (MAA). The effects of St/BA ratio, MAA content, and pH on the carboxylic acid distribution in the latex, the polymer glass transition temperature (Tg), the average latex particle diameter, the molecular weight and distribution of the polymer products, and the coating adhesion to a polycarbonate substrate were investigated. The experimental results showed how the pH affected the distribution of MAA in the polymer particles. Regression analysis revealed how the St/BA ratio, MAA content, and pH influence the copolymer Tg, the latex particle size, the number‐average molecular weight Mn as well as the weight‐average molecular weight Mw. An empirical model to correlate the pull‐off adhesion of the latex coating to a polycarbonate substrate was developed.
Fluorescence Spectroscopic Evidence for Hydrogen Bonding and Deprotonation Equilibrium between Fluoride and a Thiourea Derivative
Authors: Ashokkumar Pichandi , Ramakrishnan Vayalakkavoor T. , Ramamurthy Perumal 
Published: October 2010

AbstractInteraction of anions with thiourea‐linked acridinedione fluorophore was studied by absorption, 1H NMR, steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence techniques. Addition of AcO− and H2PO4− shows a genuine H‐bonded complex with thiourea receptor; whereas, F− shows stepwise H‐bonding and deprotonation of thiourea NH as confirmed by 1H NMR titration. Free receptor 1 shows emission maximum at 418 nm; whereas, H‐bonded complex of 1⋅F− shows a new redshifted emission maximum at 473 nm and the deprotonated 1 exhibits an emission peak at 502 nm. Presence of these three different emitting species was probed by 3D emission spectroscopic studies. Equilibrium between the free receptor 1, 1⋅F− H‐bonded complex and deprotonated 1 was confirmed by time‐resolved fluorescence studies. Time‐resolved area normalised emission spectra (TRANES) of 1 in the presence of F− shows two isoemissive points at 456 and 479 nm between time delays of 0–0.5 ns and 1–20 ns, respectively, due to the existence of three emitting species in equilibrium. Observation of such an equilibrium based on fluorescence spectroscopic studies further proves the earlier reported absorption and 1H NMR spectroscopic studies of H‐bonding and deprotonation processes and also illustrates the dynamics of anion‐receptor interactions.
Determination of Partition Coefficients for Selected PAHs between Water and Dissolved Organic Matter
Authors: Kim Su‐Jin , Kwon Jung‐Hwan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe fate and transport of highly hydrophobic chemicals are affected by the partitioning between water and dissolved organic carbon. Large variation in the partition coefficient (KDOCw) is often found, due to the selection of model organic matter or potential experimental artifacts. To investigate the roles of the type of organic matter on the partitioning of highly hydrophobic compounds, the partition coefficients of eight selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with 3–6 aromatic rings, were determined using a passive dosing/extraction method between water and model dissolved organic matter (humic acid, fulvic acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate micelle (SDS), and 2‐hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin). Although the KDOCw values for 3–4 ring PAHs in this study were close to those reported in the literature, experimental KDOCw values between Aldrich humic acid (AHA) and water were higher than values reported in the literature for 5–6 ring PAHs. The KDOCw values were highest for AHA, followed by SDS and Suwannee river fulvic acid (SFA). The slopes of the linear regression between log KDOCw and log Kow were 1.23 (± 0.13), 0.82 (± 0.09), and 0.59 (± 0.13) for AHA, SDS, and SFA, respectively. The differences in the KDOCw values between AHA and the other organic matter (SDS, SFA, and CD) increased with increasing hydrophobicity of the PAHs, showing that the sorption of highly hydrophobic chemicals to the humic acid fraction may be important in the presence of mixed organic matter.
Molecular Assembly of Multifunctional 99mTc Radiopharmaceuticals Using “Clickable” Amino Acid Derivatives
Authors: Mindt Thomas L. , Struthers Harriet , Spingler Bernhard , Brans Luc , Tourwé Dirk , García‐Garayoa Elisa , Schibli Roger 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSynthetic strategies that enable the efficient and selective combination of different biologically active entities hold great promise for the development of multifunctional hybrid conjugates useful for biochemical and medical applications. Starting from side‐chain‐functionalized N(α)‐propargyl lysine derivatives, conjugates containing a 99mTc‐based imaging probe for SPECT and two different moieties (e.g., tumor‐targeting vectors, pharmacological modifiers, affinity tags, or second imaging probes) can be assembled using the CuI‐catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition in efficient one‐pot protocols. This strategy was successfully applied to the preparation of a 99mTc‐labeled conjugate comprising a tumor‐targeting peptide sequence (bombesin(7–14)) and a low‐molecular‐weight albumin binder, a pharmacological modifier that prolongs the blood circulation time of the conjugate. Evaluation of the conjugate in vitro and in vivo provided promising results for its use as an imaging agent for the visualization of tumors positive for the gastrin‐releasing peptide receptor. The methodology presented herein provides an attractive synthetic tool for the preparation of multifunctional 99mTc‐based radiopharmaceuticals with significant potential for a multitude of applications.
A phase 2 study of pemetrexed plus gemcitabine every 2 weeks for patients with recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell cancer
Authors: Fury Matthew G. , Haque Sofia , Stambuk Hilda , Shen Ronglai , Carlson Diane , Pfister David 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Preclinical studies suggest that additive or synergistic effects are achieved with the combination of pemetrexed plus gemcitabine. A phase 1 study of pemetrexed plus gemcitabine given every 2 weeks demonstrated encouraging preliminary efficacy against head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC).METHODS:This was an open‐label, single‐institution, single‐arm, phase 2 study for patients who had received no more than 2 cytotoxic regimens for recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC. All patients received pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 intravenously plus gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 intravenously every 2 weeks with vitamin B12 and folate support. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST); secondary endpoints were to estimate overall survival and to evaluate safety and tolerability.RESULTS:Twenty‐five patients received therapy. All patients had received prior radiotherapy, and half had received prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for recurrent and/or metastatic disease. Neutropenia (grade ≥3) occurred in 24% of patients. Four patients (16%) had a partial response (PR) according to RECIST, and 5 additional patients (20%) had objective tumor reductions of >20 but <30% did not meet RECIST criteria for a PR. The median overall survival for all treated patients was 8.8 months.CONCLUSIONS:Treatment with pemetrexed plus gemcitabine every 2 weeks with vitamin support generally was well tolerated. The results of this study provided further evidence that pemetrexed may have significant palliative activity against advanced HNSCC. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.