bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute hepatitis B in Japan: Incidence, clinical practices and health policy
Authors: Sako Akahito , Yasunaga Hideo , Horiguchi Hiromasa , Hashimoto Hideki , Masaki Naohiko , Matsuda Shinya 
Published: November 2010

Aim:  The epidemiology of acute hepatitis B is unknown in many countries, and the clinical features of this disease remain unclear. In this study, we used the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database to estimate the incidence of acute hepatitis B and investigate the clinical practices for acute hepatitis B in Japan.Methods:  The DPC database is a nationwide discharge abstract and administrative claims database, covering 40% of all inpatient admissions to acute care hospitals between 1 July and 31 December each year in Japan. We identified cases with a diagnosis of acute hepatitis B between 2007 and 2008. Patient characteristics, length of stay, in‐hospital mortality and total charges were determined. Clinical practice patterns were examined, including drugs used and procedures performed during hospitalization.Results:  We identified 890 cases with acute hepatitis B among 5.85 million inpatients in the database. The mean age was 40.0 years old and 76% were male. The incidence of acute hepatitis B was estimated to be approximately 2100–2400/year (17–19/1 million people per year). Of 890 cases, 53 (6.0%) developed fulminant hepatitis and 36 (4.0%) died. Nucleos(t)ide analogs were prescribed for 226 cases (25.4%). Only 194 cases (21.8%) were tested for HIV status.Conclusion:  It is essential to monitor the trends of this communicable and preventable disease. The establishment and distribution of appropriate clinical evidence and guidelines are vital to improve the clinical practices for acute hepatitis B.
Valuation Effects of Private and Public Target Mergers in Korea*
Authors: Jung Hyung‐Chan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractUsing data drawn from the Korea Exchange, the present paper examines the bidding firm’s stock price reaction to the announcement of a merger bid. The results indicate that bidders gain more from mergers involving private targets than from those involving public targets. In particular, bidders acquiring a private firm experience significant wealth gains when a new blockholder emerges from the target firm. In addition, for private targets, as the relative size of the target to the bidder increases, the bidder’s abnormal returns are likely to be higher. However, when the new blockholder dummy and relative size variable are controlled for, the differences in the bidder’s wealth gains between private and public target mergers disappear, suggesting that the bidder’s higher abnormal returns from private target mergers are related to the monitoring and information effects, not to the ownership status of target firms. Furthermore, the results indicate that a bidder acquiring a public target suffers wealth losses if the bidder is affiliated with 1 of the 30 largest chaebol groups.
Heterogeneous Beliefs in Asset Pricing: When Investors’ Estimates of Asset Volatility Disagree*
Authors: Lin Chien‐Chih , Lin Feng‐Teng 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe paper addresses the influence on asset prices of agents’ disagreement regarding asset volatility. Using a stochastic volatility model and assuming that the market is complete, a state‐price density incorporating heterogeneous beliefs in volatility is derived and used to compute asset prices. How agent disagreement regarding volatility influences asset prices and volatility is discussed and empirical results are provided.
YY1 expression predicts favourable outcome in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Naidoo Khimara , Clay Vanessa , Hoyland Judith A , Swindell Ric , Linton Kim , Illidge Timothy , Radford John A , Byers Richard J 
Published: November 2010

AimsFollicular lymphoma is the second most common type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma worldwide. The majority of patients diagnosed as having follicular lymphoma have an indolent form of the disease, but a subset of patients have aggressive disease with a shorter survival interval. Optimal treatment stratification requires a distinction between these two groups, though there are presently few prognostic biomarkers available. The transcription factor YY1 has been shown to play an important role in cancer biology. The authors have previously reported a correlation of Yin Yang 1 (YY1) mRNA levels with survival in FL. This study aimed to validate these findings at the protein level.MethodsQuantification of YY1 protein was carried out on 26 FL biopsy samples using quantum dot labelled immunohistochemistry. Ki-67 percentage, grade, YY1 protein levels and T cell and macrophage markers were used in a multivariable analysis for survival in 26 cases of FL.ResultsExpression levels of YY1 protein were significantly increased in patients alive in comparison with those dead after follow-up (p≤0.025). Kaplan–Meier analysis showed association of higher expression levels of YY1 with longer survival (p≤0.01) (hazard ratio 3.33, 95% CI 1.26 to 8.85). The multivariable analysis identified YY1 protein level as the strongest predictor of outcome (p≤0.018), with none of the other markers being significantly associated with outcome.ConclusionThese results support the prognostic utility of YY1 in FL, indicating potential as a clinical biomarker.
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and its receptor: independent prognostic factors of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Du Ze-Peng , Lv Zhuo , Wu Bing-Li , Wu Zhi-Yong , Shen Jin-Hui , Wu Jian-Yi , Xu Xiu-E , Huang Qiao , Shen Jian , Chen Hai-bin , Li En-Min , Xu Li-Yan 
Published: November 2010

AimPrevious studies have shown that neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is overexpressed in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and closely associated with the invasiveness of ESCC cells. Recently, NGAL receptor (NGALR) was identified from ESCC cells, and was also found to be increased in ESCC. The purpose of this study was to reveal the clinical significance of NGAL and/or NGALR in ESCC.MethodsTissue microarray was performed to detect expression of NGAL and NGALR in 222 ESCC specimens. Pearson χ2test was used to analyse correlations between NGAL and/or NGALR expression and clinicopathological features. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and the Cox proportional hazards regression model were used to evaluate the effect of NGAL and/or NGALR expression on prognosis of patients with ESCC.ResultsNGAL and NGALR were highly expressed in ESCC. χ2test results showed no significant correlations between NGAL or NGALR expression and clinicopathological features. However, NGAL/NGALR coexpression correlated with histological differentiation grade (p=0.033). Survival analysis showed that positive expression of NGAL or NGALR was significantly associated with a poor prognosis for patients with ESCC (p=0.000 or p=0.002). Patients with positive expression of both NGAL and NGALR had a shorter survival time than those with negative expression of both (p=0.048). Multivariate analysis showed that both NGAL and NGALR were independent prognostic factors.ConclusionThese results indicate that both NGAL and NGALR may be involved in the progression of ESCC and can be considered as independent prognostic factors of ESCC.
Ethical review reporting of Chinese trials records in WHO primary registries
Authors: Xuemei Liu , Youping Li , Shangqi Song , Senlin Yin , Williams Shawna 
Published: November 2010

ObjectiveTo investigate the report rate of ethical review in registered Chinese trials records.MethodsChinese trials recorded in WHO primary registries andhttp://clinicaltrials.govto 14 July 2009 were identified. The report rates of ethical review and each of the 20 items in WHO's Trial Registration Data Set were calculated. Correlation of the item's report rate with the ethical review report rate was assessed. PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI and CBM (from the establishment of each database to 14 July 2009) were also searched to collect the full texts of completed trials to calculate the report rate of ethical review in the result publications.ResultsA total of 1247 records were identified, and 687 (55.1%) reported ethical review. The records reporting secondary sponsor(s), contact for public queries and key secondary outcomes were more likely to report ethical review information (66.3% vs 44.3%, 38.1% vs 28.5%, 53.9% vs 51.8%). The ethical review report rate of trials sponsored by industry was lower than those sponsored by non-industry (40.9% vs 51.9%). The report rates of ethical review for self-supported trials (83.5%) and trials with unidentified sources of monetary or material support (66.7%) were lower than the average ethical review report rate for records in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (ChiCTR). The ethical review report rate was not high in the result publications (84.3% inhttp://clinicaltrials.gov, 50.0% in ChiCTR).ConclusionRegistered Chinese trials records report ethical review inadequately. Incomplete registration is correlated with not reporting ethical review. Medical journals should inspect ethical review more critically.
Conflict and emotional exhaustion in obstetrician-gynaecologists: a national survey
Authors: Yoon John D , Rasinski Kenneth A , Curlin Farr A 
Published: November 2010

ContextConflicts over treatment decisions have been linked to physicians' emotional states.ObjectiveTo measure the prevalence of emotional exhaustion and conflicts over treatment decisions among US obstetrician/gynaecologists (ob/gyns), and to examine the relationship between the two and the physician characteristics that predict each.MethodsMailed survey of a stratified random sample of 1800 US ob/gyn physicians. Criterion variables were levels of emotional exhaustion and frequency of conflict with colleagues and patients. Predictors included physicians' religious characteristics and self-perceived empathy.ResultsResponse rate among eligible physicians was 66% (1154/1760). 36% of ob/gyns reported high levels of emotional exhaustion, and majorities reported conflict with colleagues (59%) and patients (61%). Those reporting conflict were much more likely to report emotional exhaustion (58% vs 29% who never conflict, OR, 95% CI 2.8, 1.6 to 4.8 for conflict with colleagues; 55% versus 26%, OR, 95% CI 2.2, 1.4 to 3.5 for conflict with patients). Physicians with lower self-perceived empathy were more likely to report physician-patient conflicts (65% vs 58% with higher empathy, OR, 95% CI 1.4, 1.0 to 1.9), as were female ob/gyns (66% vs 57% of males, OR, 95% CI 1.5, 1.1 to 2.0). Foreign-born physicians were less likely to report such conflicts (47% vs 64% of US born, OR, 95% CI 0.5, 0.4 to 0.8). Physicians' religious characteristics were not significantly associated with reporting conflict.ConclusionsConflicts over treatment decisions are associated with physicians' empathy, gender, immigration history and level of emotional exhaustion. With respect to the latter, conflict in the clinical encounter may represent an overlooked source or sign of burnout among ob/gyns.
Use of the Outreach distal access catheter as an intracranial platform facilitates coil embolization of select intracranial aneurysms: technical note
Authors: Hauck Erik F , Tawk Rabih G , Karter Nicholas S , Binning Mandy J , Khalessi Alexander A , Natarajan Sabareesh K , Hopkins L Nelson , Levy Elad I , Siddiqui Adnan H 
Published: November 2010

ObjectiveThe Outreach distal access catheter (DAC; Concentric Medical, Mountain View, California, USA) has been designed to assist the Merci device (Concentric Medical) with clot retrieval in the setting of acute stroke. Its application for coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms was investigated.MethodsBetween December 2008 and January 2010, 150 aneurysms were treated with endovascular methods. In 18 cases of small aneurysms and/or increased parent vessel tortuosity, the DAC was used for additional support. Merits and complications related to the use of this catheter are reviewed.ResultsThe mean aneurysm size was 7.1 mm (range 3.5–25). In each case, the DAC was used as an intracranial platform catheter in close proximity to the target aneurysm. This catheter (outer diameter 3.9 or 4.3 French) increased the stability and reduced the redundancy of the microcatheter. As a result, handling and control of the microcatheter were improved. In three cases, the coiling procedure could not be completed because of difficulties not related to the DAC. Aneurysms in the remaining patients were treated successfully with complete (n=12) or near complete (n=3) angiographic occlusion.ConclusionFor smaller or distal intracranial aneurysms with difficult access, use of the DAC as an additional platform in close proximity to the target aneurysm subjectively enhanced microcatheter control and safety.
Virulence gene profiles and intimin subtypes of Shiga toxin‐producingEscherichia coliisolated from healthy and diarrhoeic calves
Authors: Badouei M. Askari , Salehi T. Zahraei , Khorasgani M. Rabbani , Tadjbakhsh H. , Brujeni G. Nikbakht , Nadalian M. G. 
Published: November 2010

The virulence properties of Shiga toxin‐producingEscherichia coli(STEC) strains isolated from diarrhoeic and non‐diarrhoeic calves were compared. The strains were also tested for O157:H7, O111 and O26 serotypes, using PCR and conventional serotyping methods.E colistrains isolated from 297 faecal samples, from 200 diarrhoeic and 97 non‐diarrhoeic calves, were screened by multiplex PCR assay for thestx1,stx2,eaeandEhlyvirulence genes. STECs were recovered from 8 per cent of diarrhoeic calves and 10.3 per cent of non‐diarrhoeic calves. The predominant virulence gene profile wasstx1/eae/Ehly(47.3 per cent) among isolates from diarrhoeic calves andeae/Ehly(36.8 per cent) among isolates from non‐diarrhoeic calves. Among three tested serogroups, the predominant serogroup was O26 (18.4 per cent), and O157:H7 was not detected. Intimin subtyping by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis revealed only three intimin subtypes (β, γ and θ). A significant difference was observed in the distribution of Int‐θ between two groups. Int‐θ was present in 50 per cent of the isolates from diarrhoeic calves and in 11.1 per cent of the isolates from non‐diarrhoeic calves; this difference was statistically significant (P=0.01).
NUMERICAL STRATEGIES FOR STROKE OPTIMIZATION OF AXISYMMETRIC MICROSWIMMERS
Authors: ALOUGES FRANÇOIS , DESIMONE ANTONIO , HELTAI LUCA 
Published: November 2010

We propose a computational method to solve optimal swimming problems, based on the boundary integral formulation of the hydrodynamic interaction between swimmer and surrounding fluid and direct constrained minimization of the energy consumed by the swimmer. We apply our method to axisymmetric model examples. We consider a classical model swimmer (the three-sphere swimmer of Golestanian et al.) as well as a novel axisymmetric swimmer inspired by the observation of biological micro-organisms.
DISCRIMINANTS CUBIQUES ET PROGRESSIONS ARITHMÉTIQUES
Authors: BELABAS KARIM , FOUVRY ÉTIENNE 
Published: November 2010

Nous calculons la densité des discriminants des corps sextiques galoisiens de groupe S3, démontrant un nouveau cas de la conjecture de Malle ainsi qu'un cas particulier de sa généralisation par Ellenberg et Venkatesh. Plus généralement, nous étudions la densité des discriminants de corps cubiques dans une progression arithmétique, avec une zone d'uniformité la plus large possible. We compute the density of discriminants of Galois sextic fields with group S3, thereby proving a new case of Malle's conjecture as well as a special case of its generalization by Ellenberg and Venkatesh. Further, we study the density of cubic discriminants in an arithmetic progression, in the largest possible uniformity with respect to the modulus.
Propagating Mu'tazilism in the VIth/XIIth Century Zaydiyya: The Role of al-Hasan al-Rassās
Authors: Thiele Jan 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWhile Mutazilism had become marginalized in Sunni Islam by the VIth/XIIth century, the reception of Basran Mutazilī thought experienced a sudden rise among the Zaydīs of Yemen. Their Imams began officially supporting the transfer of Basran Mutazilī texts and doctrines to Yemen. As a result, an indigenous Basran Mutazilī school emerged and preserved numerous Mutazilī theological sources, which would otherwise have been lost. One of the most important representatives of this school was al-asan al-Raā (d. 584/1188). This article provides an outline of al-Raā’ biography and of his extensive body of works in order to show his importance for the spread of Basran Mutazilī thought among the Zaydī community.
Les traductions arabes de Pierre Bourdieu
Authors: Jacquemond Richard 
Published: November 2010

AbstractÀ travers l’exemple des traductions arabes de Pierre Bourdieu, cet article propose une analyse des conditions de l’introduction et de la réception d’une pensée sociologique de source française dans le champ intellectuel arabe contemporain et, plus généralement, des conditions de la circulation internationale des idées en contexte postcolonial. L’analyse diachronique révèle l’interpénétration des logiques d’importation et d’exportation, les écarts entre les traditions intellectuelles et académiques nationales dans différents pays arabes (Maroc, Liban, Syrie, Egypte), aussi bien que les conditions (matérielles et symboliques) difficiles de l’édition et de la circulation des ouvrages de sciences humaines et sociales dans l’espace arabe. D’où une économie générale de ces traductions caractérisée comme sélective, didactique et militante, et une poétique dominée par une norme traductionnelle dépaysante, voire littéraliste, au-delà de la diversité des choix terminologiques opérés par les traducteurs en l’absence de cadre normatif. L’auteur analyse en conclusion l’habitus du traducteur arabe, caractérisé par une « souffrance de position » spécifique. Une bibliographie des traductions arabes de Pierre Bourdieu est fournie en annexe.
The role of exercise self-efficacy, perceived exertion, event-related stress, and demographic factors in predicting physical activity among college freshmen
Authors: Brannagan Kim 
Published: November 2010

Objectives: The focus of this study was to examine the relationship among precursors to physical activity, including exercise self-efficacy, perceived exertion, stress, and demographic factors, among college students. Design: This study employed an associational design. Setting: The study population was college freshmen in southeast Louisiana who were between the ages of 18 and 24 years. Method: A path analysis was used to examine the strength and directional relationship among variables depicted in Pender’s Health Promotion Model (HPM) and to determine the structure of the relationships among the variables in the conceptual map. Path coefficients were used to determine whether the independent variables (exercise self-efficacy, stress, perceived exertion, demographic factors) as depicted in the path diagram made a unique contribution to predicting physical activity (dependent variable) or if the relationships between stress, perceived exertion, and physical activity, are mediated by exercise self-efficacy. Results: Study results portrayed a relationship between perceived exertion and exercise self-efficacy and a relationship between a person’s belief in their ability to stick to an exercise programme (self-efficacy) and their level of activity. Compared to their counterparts, this study’s population had lower levels of usual physical activity, but heightened levels of physical activity immediately following hurricanes Katrina and Rita. Conclusion: This study adds to the body of knowledge related to predictors of physical activity and the applicability of Pender’s HPM to such studies. The study also provides insight into the impact of a natural disaster on physical activity.
Measurement of the serotonin 1A receptor availability in patients with schizophrenia during treatment with the antipsychotic medication ziprasidone
Authors: Frankle W Gordon , Lombardo Ilise , Kegeles Lawrence S , Slifstein Mark , Martin John H , Huang Yiyun , Hwang Dah-Ren , Reich Elisa , Cangiano Claudine , Gil Roberto , Abi-Dargham Anissa , Laruelle Marc 
Published: November 2010

The aim of this study was to compare 5-HT1A availability in vivo in individuals with schizophrenia before and during treatment with the atypical antipsychotic ziprasidone. Six individuals with schizophrenia underwent two PET scans with [11C]WAY 100635; the first while medication-free (baseline) and the second while taking the atypical antipsychotic ziprasidone (on-medication). Regional volumes of distribution ( VT, mL g−1) were derived using a two-tissue compartment kinetic model. Outcome measures included binding potential relative to the plasma ( BPP, mL g−1) and the binding potential relative to the nonspecific distribution volume ( BPND, unitless). No significant differences were observed in regional BPP or BPND with ziprasidone treatment. A significant correlation was noted between BPP measured in the orbitofrontal cortex during the on-medication condition and degree of improvement in negative symptoms with treatment ( r = 0.96, p = 0.004). Consistent with the published literature of changes in 5-HT1A binding during treatment with 5-HT1A receptor agonists, this study did not detect a significant reduction in 5-HT1A binding with ziprasidone. The finding of a relationship between 5-HT1A binding and the degree of improvement in negative symptoms provides further support for the role of the 5-HT1A receptor in the pathophysiology and treatment of this symptom domain.
Rituximab tolerability when given before or after CHOP
Authors: Hannawa Idan S , Bestul Daniel J 
Published: November 2010

Study objective. To determine the tolerability of rituximab, specifically cytokine release syndrome/acute infusion reactions (CRS), when it is administered before or after cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) chemotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). Methods. This study is a retrospective analysis of patients identified through pharmacy chemotherapy records. Inclusion criteria were diagnosis of NHL, first cycle of rituximab with CHOP or modified CHOP (mCHOP), treated between 1/1/04 and 6/30/09, age 18 years and greater, and inpatient status. Patients were excluded if their records/information were unavailable. Patients were divided into two groups based on practices observed at our institution: rituximab followed by CHOP (R-CHOP) or CHOP followed by rituximab (CHOP-R). Patient records were reviewed to determine demographic data, CRS, vital signs, evidence of chills/rigors, use of rescue medications, and rituximab infusion rates. Results. One-hundred thirteen patients meeting the inclusion criteria were divided into two groups: R-CHOP ( n = 29) and CHOP-R ( n = 84). R-CHOP patients experienced numerically more CRS (65.5% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.0517) and significantly more chills/rigors ( p = 0.0376). Maximum and minimum oxygen (O2) saturations were significantly lower in the R-CHOP group ( p = 0.0444 and 0.0165, respectively). Maximum temperature was significantly higher in the R-CHOP group ( p = 0.0047). There was no difference between groups in use of rescue medications ( p = 1). R-CHOP patients required significantly more rate reductions ( p = 0.0431) than CHOP-R patients, although there was no difference in final tolerated rate between groups. Conclusions. Patients with NHL who receive rituximab after CHOP experience significantly fewer chills/rigors, higher oxygen saturations, lower maximum temperatures, and fewer rate reductions than patients who receive rituximab before CHOP.