bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of photodynamic therapy on tumor cell expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class I‐related molecules
Authors: Belicha‐Villanueva Alan , Riddell Jonah , Bangia Naveen , Gollnick Sandra O. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is FDA‐approved anti‐cancer modality for elimination of early disease and palliation in advanced disease. PDT efficacy depends in part on elicitation of a tumor‐specific immune response that is dependent on cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. The cytolytic potential of CTLs and NK cells is mediated by the ability of these cells to recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and MHC class I‐related molecules. The MHC class I‐related molecules MICA and MICB are induced by oxidative stress and have been reported to activate NK cells and co‐stimulate CD8+ T cells. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of PDT on tumor cell expression of MHC classes I and II‐related molecules in vivo and in vitro.Study Design/Materials and MethodsHuman colon carcinoma Colo205 cells and murine CT26 tumors were treated with 2‐[1‐hexyloxyethyl]‐2‐devinyl pyropheophorbide‐a (HPPH)‐PDT at various doses. MHC classes I and I‐related molecule expression following treatment of Colo205 cells was temporally examined by flow cytometry using antibodies specific for components of MHC class I molecules and by quantitative PCR using specific primers. Expression of MHC class I‐related molecules following HPPH‐based PDT (HPPH‐PDT) of murine tumors was monitored using a chimeric NKG2D receptor.ResultsIn vitro HPPH‐PDT significantly induces MICA in Colo205 cells, but had no effect on MHC class I molecule expression. PDT also induced expression of NKG2D ligands (NKG2DL) following in vivo HPPH‐PDT of a murine tumor. Induction of MICA corresponded to increased NK killing of PDT‐treated tumor cells.ConclusionsPDT induction of MICA on human tumor cells and increased expression of NKG2DL by murine tumors following PDT may play a role in PDT induction of anti‐tumor immunity. This conclusion is supported by our results demonstrating that tumor cells have increased sensitivity to NK cell lysis following PDT. Lasers Surg. Med. 44:60–68, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Erythropoietin in Friedreich ataxia: No effect on frataxin in a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mariotti Caterina , Fancellu Roberto , Caldarazzo Serena , Nanetti Lorenzo , Di Bella Daniela , Plumari Massimo , Lauria Giuseppe , Cappellini Maria D. , Duca Lorena , Solari Alessandra , Taroni Franco 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground:Friedreich ataxia is a rare disease caused by GAA‐trinucleotide‐repeat expansions in the frataxin gene, leading to marked reduction of qualitatively normal frataxin protein. Recently, human recombinant erythropoietin was reported to increase frataxin levels in patients with Friedreich ataxia.Methods:We performed a 6‐month, randomized placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, dose‐response pilot trial to assess the safety and efficacy of erythropoietin in increasing frataxin levels. Sixteen adult patient with Friedreich ataxia were randomly assigned to erythropoietin (n = 11) or matching placebo (n = 5). All patients continued Idebenone treatment (5 mg/kg/day). Treatment consisted of a 6‐month scaling‐up phase, in which erythropoietin was administered intravenously at the following doses: 20,000 IU every 3 weeks, 40,000 IU every 3 weeks, and 40,000 IU every 2 weeks.Results:Erythropoietin treatment was safe and well tolerated, but did not result in any significant hematological, clinical, or biochemical effects in Friedreich ataxia patients. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Regional variations of T2* in healthy and pathologic achilles tendon in vivo at 7 Tesla: Preliminary results
Authors: Juras Vladimir , Zbyn Stefan , Pressl Christina , Valkovic Ladislav , Szomolanyi Pavol , Frollo Ivan , Trattnig Siegfried 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate T in the Achilles tendon (AT), in vivo, using a three‐dimensional ultrashort time echo (3D‐UTE) sequence, to compare field strength differences (3 and 7 T) and to evaluate a regional variation of T in healthy and pathologic tendon. Ten volunteers with no history of pain in the AT and five patients with chronic Achilles tendinopathy were recruited. 3D‐UTE images were measured with the following echo times, at echo time = [0.07, 0.2, 0.33, 0.46, 0.59, 0.74, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, and 9.0 ms]. T values in the AT were calculated by fitting the signal decay to biexponential function. Comparing volunteers between 3 and 7 T, short component T was 0.71 ± 0.17 ms and 0.34 ± 0.09 ms (P < 0.05); bulk long component T was 12.85 ± 1.87 ms and 10.28 ± 2.28 ms (P < 0.05). In patients at 7 T, bulk T was 0.53 ± 0.17 ms (P = 0.045, compared to volunteers), T was 11.49 ± 4.28 ms (P = 0.99, compared to volunteers). The results of this study suggest that the regional variability of AT can be quantified by T in in vivo conditions. Advanced quantitative imaging of the human AT using a 3D‐UTE sequence may provide additional information to standard clinical imaging. Finally, as the preliminary patient data suggest, T may be a promising marker for the diagnosis of pathological changes in the AT. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of the chromosomal translocation t(10;17)(q22;p13) in clear cell sarcoma of kidney
Authors: O'Meara Elaine , Stack Deirdre , Lee Cheng‐Han , Garvin A Julian , Morris Thomas , Argani Pedram , Han Jeong S , Karlsson Jenny , Gisselson David , Leuschner Ivo , Gessler Manfred , Graf Norbert , Fletcher Jonathan A , O'Sullivan Maureen J 
Published: January 2012

AbstractClear cell sarcoma of kidney (CCSK) is classified as a tumour of unfavourable histology by the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group. It has worse clinical outcomes than Wilms' tumour. Virtually nothing is known about CCSK biology, as there have been very few genetic aberrations identified to act as pointers in this cancer. Three cases of CCSK bearing a chromosomal translocation, t(10;17)(q22;p13), have been individually reported but not further investigated to date. The aim of this research was to characterize t(10;17)(q22;p13) in CCSK to identify the genes involved in the translocation breakpoints. Using fluorescently labelled bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) and a chromosome‐walking strategy on an index case of CCSK with t(10;17)(q22;p13) by karyotype, we identified the chromosomal breakpoints on 17p13.3 and 10q22.3. The translocation results in rearrangement of YWHAE on chromosome 17 and FAM22 on chromosome 10, producing an in‐frame fusion transcript of ∼3 kb, incorporating exons 1–5 of YWHAE and exons 2‐7 of FAM22, as determined by RT‐PCR using YWHAE‐ and FAM22‐specific primers. The YWHAE‐FAM22 transcript was detected in six of 50 further CCSKs tested, therefore showing an overall incidence of 12% in our cohort. No transcript‐positive cases presented with stage I disease, despite this being the stage for 31% of our cohort. Tumour cellularity was significantly higher in the cases that were transcript‐positive. Based on the chromosome 10 breakpoint identified by FISH and the sequences of the full‐length transcripts obtained, the FAM22 members involved in the translocation in these CCSK cases include FAM22B and FAM22E. Elucidation of the role of YWHAE‐FAM22 in CCSK will assist development of more efficient and targeted therapies for this childhood cancer, which currently has poor outcomes. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Complete morphologic and molecular remission after introduction of dasatinib in the treatment of a pediatric patient with t‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and ABL1 amplification
Authors: Crombet Ofelia , Lastrapes Kelly , Zieske Arthur , Morales‐Arias Jaime 
Published: January 2012

AbstractT‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) accounts for 15% of ALL cases in children and has been associated with a worse prognosis. Cytogenetic studies show an abnormal karyotype in 50–60% of the T‐cell ALL patients; ABL1 fusions are present in approximately 8% of the cases. Dasatinib, a second‐generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, directly targets the BCR‐ABL gene. We describe a pediatric case of T‐cell ALL with amplification of the ABL1 gene in which remission was achieved only after the addition of dasatinib to conventional chemotherapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:333–334. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Visualization of arborescent architecture of polystyrenes prepared by raft‐based initiator‐monomer polymerization using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Heidenreich Andrew J. , Puskas Judit E. , Schappacher Michel , Ibarboure Emmanuel , Deffieux Alain 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThis article presents the utilization of “molecular amplification” to visualize the molecular architecture of “arborescent” (tree‐like) polystyrenes (arbPSs) using atomic force microscopy (AFM). arbPSs with Mn > 80,000 g/mol were synthesized via initiator‐monomer‐type (inimer) RAFT polymerization of styrene mediated by 4‐vinylbenzyl dithiobenzoate in bulk. These arbPS were then used as macrochain transfer agents for polymerization of vinylbenzyl chloride (VBCl) to give arborescent poly(styrene‐block‐vinylbenzyl chloride) (arbPS‐b‐VBCl). Poly(styryl) diphenylethyl lithium (Mn = 11,000 g/mol) was then grafted onto the VBCl units of the arbPS‐b‐VBCl. The Mn of the amplified arbPSs increased over >10 million g/mol, exceeding the exclusion limit of our size exclusion chromatography equipment. AFM confirmed the proposed branches on branches architecture in the samples, together with lesser branched species. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Analyzing genomic data: understanding the genome
Authors: Fernández‐Suárez Xosé M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe effort that led to the sequencing of the human genome ushered life sciences into a new era. One of the largest international scientific endeavors of the time delivered the genetic makeup of our species to the research community. Further international consortia (HapMap, ENCODE, International Human Epigenome Consortium, 1000 Genomes Project) are shaping our understanding of the genomic landscape. Current high‐throughput sequencing technologies can deliver a whole human genome in a matter of days. The subsequent data avalanche is stored in public repositories (including individual genomes). Such developments emphasize the need for data mining approaches. In this contribution, several tools and strategies to access these data are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Biological Data Mining
Application Areas > Data Mining Software Tools
Synthesis and Properties of Sodium Mono‐Alkylamide Phthalate Surfactants
Authors: Han Fu , Xu Bao‐cai , Qu Zhi‐qiang , Zhou Ya‐wen , Zhang Gui‐ju 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of a series of sodium mono‐alkylamide phthalate surfactants is described, and the surface activity properties of the surfactants are reported. The mono‐alkylamide phthalic acids were synthesized by amidation using primary aliphatic amines (lauryl, myristyl, cetyl) and phthalic anhydride as starting material. They were structurally characterized by IR, 1H NMR and MS. The sodium mono‐alkylamide phthalate surfactants were prepared by neutralization of the precursor acids with sodium hydroxide. They reduced the surface tension of water to 30–38 mN m−1 at concentration levels of 10−4 mol L−1.
Molecular tools and analytical approaches for the characterization of farm animal genetic diversity
Authors: Lenstra J. A. , Groeneveld L. F. , Eding H. , Kantanen J. , Williams J. L. , Taberlet P. , Nicolazzi E. L. , Sölkner J. , Simianer H. , Ciani E. , Garcia J. F. , Bruford M. W. , Ajmone‐Marsan P. , Weigend S. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryGenetic studies of livestock populations focus on questions of domestication, within‐ and among‐breed diversity, breed history and adaptive variation. In this review, we describe the use of different molecular markers and methods for data analysis used to address these questions. There is a clear trend towards the use of single nucleotide polymorphisms and whole‐genome sequence information, the application ofBayesian orApproximateBayesian analysis and the use of adaptive next to neutral diversity to support decisions on conservation.
Allelic heterogeneity of Crooked Tail Syndrome: result of balancing selection?
Authors: Sartelet A. , Klingbeil P. , Franklin C. K. , Fasquelle C. , Géron S. , Isacke C. M. , Georges M. , Charlier C. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryWe report the identification of a second loss‐of‐function mutation (c.1906T>C) in the bovine MRC2 gene causing the Crooked Tail Syndrome in Belgian Blue Cattle. We demonstrate that the ensuing substitution of the highly conserved Cysteine 636 with Arginine causes illegitimate receptor oligomerization, which is predicted to impair function of the MRC2 encoded protein, Endo180. We propose that this second MRC2 mutation was selected by breeders as a result of its favourable effect on muscularity in heterozygotes.
Bond strength and morphology of resin materials applied to the occlusal surface of primary molars
Authors: LEMOS LETÍCIA VARGAS FREIRE MARTINS , FELIZARDO KLÍSSIA ROMERO , MYAKI SILVIO ISSAO , LOPES MURILO BAENA , MOURA SANDRA KISS 
Published: January 2012

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2012; 22: 435–441Background.  Hydrophilic adhesives may be used as pit and fissure sealants (sealants), but there is concern about the ability of self‐etching adhesives to bond sealants to enamel.Aim.  To study the bond strength (BS) and morphology of adhesive systems used as sealants.Design.  OptiBond FL, OptiBond All‐in‐One, combined OptiBond All‐in‐One + OptiBond FL adhesive, and Fluroshield were applied to the occlusal surfaces of 16 primary molars (n = 4). Teeth were stored in distilled water (24 h at 37°C) and sectioned through the interface to obtain sticks (0.8 mm2) tested under a tensile load (0.5 mm/min). Failure modes were observed. Data were analysed by ANOVA and Tukey’s tests (α = 5%). The morphology of 12 primary molars was examined in terms of the etching pattern and resin reproduction.Results.  Differences in the BS were found (P = 0.001), with OptiBond FL showing the highest (36.84 ± 5.7 MPa), Fluroshield (24.26 ± 2.13 MPa) and OptiBond All‐in‐One (17.12 ± 4.97 MPa) similar, and OptiBond All‐in‐One + OptiBond FL adhesive the lowest (9.8 ± 2.94 MPA). OptiBond FL showed the best results in terms of morphology.Conclusion.  Under the conditions of this study, OptiBond FL was the best material to be used for sealing.
Uncertainty during perimenopause: perceptions of older first‐time mothers
Authors: Morgan Patricia , Merrell Joy , Rentschler Dorothy , Chadderton Hugh 
Published: January 2012

morgan p., merrell j., rentschler d. & chadderton h. (2012) Uncertainty during perimenopause: perceptions of older first‐time mothers. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(10), 2299–2308.AbstractAim.  This article is a report of a study exploring older first‐time mothers’ perceptions of health during their transition to menopause.Background.  Increasing numbers of women world‐wide are delaying motherhood, yet little is known about the unique phenomenon created when midlife motherhood is closely followed by the transition to menopause. A literature search revealed that the effect of these overlapping life transitions on women’s health was unknown.Design.  A hermeneutic phenomenological approach utilizing Gadamer’s philosophical underpinnings guided the study.Method.  A purposive sample of thirteen women aged 45–56 years who were mothering children aged 12 years or younger and experiencing symptoms of perimenopause was recruited. Two in‐depth interviews were conducted with each woman and meaning was mutually negotiated through participative dialogue with the women, ongoing construction and thematic analysis of data collected between 2004 and 2007.Findings.  The key theme ‘Perimenopause as a State of Uncertainty’ is an interpretation of older first‐time mothers’ perceptions of health during perimenopause and is the focus of this article. Hermeneutic interpretation culminated in the construct ‘uncertainty’ as theoretical embodiment of the women’s lived experience. An uncertain temporality, projection of the lifespan and valuing health as precious enabled these women to transform uncertainty into opportunities for health promotion to ‘be there’ for their children.Conclusion.  Nurses, nurse practitioners and midwives will increasingly be caring for midlife mothers and need to understand the unique issues of older mothers to offer education and health promotion that support healthy transitions to menopause.
Outcome of extralevator abdominoperineal excision compared with standard surgery: results from a single centre
Authors: Asplund D. , Haglind E. , Angenete E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAim  Extralevator abdominoperineal excision (APE) for low rectal tumours has been introduced to achieve improved local radicality. Fewer positive margins and intraoperative perforations have been reported compared with standard APE. The aim of this retrospective study was to compare short‐term complications and results of the two techniques in our institution.Method  Consecutive patients with rectal cancer undergoing APE between 2004 and 2009 were included. They were divided into two groups of 79 patients in extralevator APE and 79 in standard APE. Patients with recurrence and those having a palliative procedure were excluded. Data were collected from hospital records and the colorectal cancer registry. Main endpoints were wound infection, perineal wound revision, oncological data and length of hospital stay.Results  Circumferential resection margin positivity did not differ significantly between groups (17% extralevator APE; 20% standard APE). Intraoperative perforation (13%vs 10%) or local recurrence (seven in each group) were no different. Perineal wound infection was more common after extralevator APE (46%vs 28%, P < 0.05) as was perineal wound revision (22%vs 8%, P < 0.05). Hospital stay was longer after extralevator APE (median 12 vs 11 days, P < 0.05). Tumour height (median 4 cm) and pTNM classification did not differ.Conclusion  The results do not show any advantage for extralevator APE. The oncological data were no better and postoperative morbidity was increased. Further studies are needed before extralevator APE is widely adopted in clinical practice.
Short Sale Constraints and Dispersion of Opinion: Evidence from the Indian Equity Market
Authors: Giannikos Christos I. , Gousgounis Eleni 
Published: January 2012

AbstractShort sale constraints can inflate market prices, as bearish investors cannot act on their market views. The paper uses data from the Indian equity market to test whether opinion dispersion leads to higher overpricing when short sales are prohibited. The Indian equity market provides a natural testing environment, as short sales were banned between 2001 and 2008. The empirical results offer supportive evidence of the relation between opinion dispersion and overpricing in a market with short sale constraints.
Academic environment in a newly established dental school with an enquiry‐based curriculum: perceptions of students from the inaugural cohorts
Authors: Ali K. , McHarg J. , Kay E. , Moles D. , Tredwin C. , Coombes L. , Heffernan E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIntroduction:  Established in 2007, Peninsula Dental School offers a highly innovative, enquiry‐based, student‐led, patient‐centred curriculum. It is one of the first dental schools in UK to be based exclusively in a primary care setting. This study was carried out to evaluate the academic environment at Peninsula Dental School and to identify differences between expectations of new entrants and perceptions of senior cohorts.Methods:  This was a cross‐sectional survey utilising an online questionnaire based on Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM). The subjects were 234 dental students from all years in this enquiry‐based Bachelor of Dental Surgery programme.Results:  The response rate to the questionnaire was 56.42% with an equal gender distribution of the participants. The overall mean DREEM score of the four cohorts was 143.58 (SD ± 20.84), and the mean score for individual items was 2.87 (SD ± 0.41). The reliability of the DREEM data as a whole was strong (α = 0.93). The difference in questionnaire means for the new entrants and the senior cohorts was not significant (P > 0.05). The ANOVA results showed that there were no significant effects of age, gender or ethnicity on the mean DREEM scores. The MANOVA results showed a significant effect of ethnicity with regard to perceptions of teachers and atmosphere.Conclusions:  An enquiry‐based, student‐centred curriculum at the Peninsula Dental School provides a positive academic environment for the students.
Liquid‐crystalline membrane permeation ability for selected nitro hair dyes
Authors: Bialas Iwona , Arct Jacek , Mojski Miroslaw , Krus Stanislaw 
Published: January 2012

AimA comparison of permeation ability of selected semi‐permanent hair dyes and an attempt to estimate the influence of fundamental physicochemical parameters on dyes’ epidermal penetration rate.MethodsDyes’ permeation ability through liposome membrane (as a model of stratum corneum) with side‐by‐side cells was assessed.ResultsIt has been shown that the chosen dyes are capable of permeating the membrane. High penetration coefficients (Kp) were obtained for a simple nitrophenylenediamines and nitroaminophenols. Their N‐, O‐hydroxyalkyl substitution significantly limits penetration. H‐bonding capability has a major impact on the investigated dyes’ permeation ability. Substituents with H‐bonding properties can significantly limit dyes’ penetration, even in the case of lipophilic structures. Special attention should be placed into compounds with strong intramolecular H‐bonding properties, which improve transmembrane transport.ConclusionSubstitution patterns have an influence on selected nitro dyes’ permeation through a model stratum corneum. Permeation is limited by dyes diffusive properties (mostly by its H‐bonding properties). Hydroxyalkylation results in hindered dyes permeation: purple, violet and blue nitrophenylenediamine or nitroaminophenol derivatives are less permeable than its not substituted analogues.
A comparative study of hair shafts in scalp psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Kim Kyung Sook , Shin M. K. , Ahn J. J. , Haw C. R. , Park Hun‐Kuk 
Published: January 2012

BackgroundAs the inflammatory scalp conditions share similar clinical manifestations of scaling, inflammation, and pruritus, the differential diagnosis of these lesions; especially between scalp psoriasis (SP) and seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is sometimes difficult.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the differences on the hair surface in SP and SD for a clinical diagnosis, using atomic force microscopy (AFM).MethodsThe hair shafts of 14 patients and 28 patients with SP and SD respectively, were taken from the lesional region. Hairs from healthy adults not having any hair diseases were also examined in the same way for the controls. Surface characteristics of SP and SD‐affected hair shafts such as, pitting, scale thickness, and roughness, were observed on the AFM images.ResultsOne hundred percentage and four percentage of the patients with SP and SD respectively had macropits on their hair shafts. In both the SP and SD‐affected hairs, the scale thickness was more than 4‐fold than that in the control hairs. The surface of SP‐affected hairs was rougher than that of SD‐affected and control hairs.ConclusionThe differences in hair shafts between SP and SD were investigated noninvasively using AFM. The presence of macropits could be helpful in the differentiation between SP and SD.