bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Russian Émigrés and Western Sympathizers through the 1880s
Authors: Finkel Stuart 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter demonstrates the unpredictability of émigré efforts to aid Russian political prisoners and exiles, which during the 1880s often seemed moribund only to episodically rise again. Even as Vera Zasulich worried that the efforts of the “Red Cross of the People’s Will” Foreign Branch were petering out in spring 1882, Pëtr Kropotkin and Nikolai Chaikovskii were rousing radical audiences in London. Despite Kropotkin’s initial fears that the group’s link to the terrorist People’s Will would doom efforts there, he found rapt audiences in a summer lecture tour of cities in England and Scotland. But as the chapter shows, results were meager over the next several years, until the foreign branch was dissolved amidst further émigré factional division between the populist-terrorist People’s Will and Plekhanov’s Marxist-inclined “Group for the Emancipation of Labor.” But efforts to sway Western opinion concerning the heroic martyrdom of prisoners and exiles led to unexpected results. A renewed campaign in Italy from late 1884 into 1886 spearheaded by Anna Kuliscioff and Filippo Turati yielded significant contributions which were passed along to Zasulich. Finally, the chapter notes how the seeds that had been planted, in conjunction with George Kennan’s searing expose of Siberian exile, laid the foundation for the “Society of Friends of Russian Freedom” at the end of the decade.
Discussion on “Bayesian meta-analysis of penetrance for cancer risk” by Thanthirige Lakshika M. Ruberu, Danielle Braun, Giovanni Parmigiani, and Swati Biswas
Authors: Ursino Moreno , Zohar Sarah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We congratulate the authors for the new meta-analysis model that accounts for different outcomes. We discuss the modeling choice and the Bayesian setting, specifically, we point out the connection between the Bayesian hierarchical model and a mixed-effect model formulation to subsequently discuss possible future method extensions.
The impact of irritant challenge on the skin barrier and myeloid-resident immune cells in women who are postmenopausal is modulated by hormone replacement therapy
Authors: Kiss Orsolya , Bahri Rajia , Watson Rachel E B , Chike Chidera , Langton Abigail K , Newton Victoria L , Bell Mike , Griffiths Christopher E M , Bulfone-Paus Silvia , Pilkington Suzanne M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Sex hormone changes during menopausal transition contribute to declining skin health. However, how menopause and its treatment by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) impact the skin barrier and immune system is unclear.

Objectives
To examine how menopause and HRT affect the skin barrier and immune cell composition in postmenopausal women following irritant challenge.

Methods
Two cohorts of postmenopausal women were recruited to the study. The first cohort consisted of 10 untreated women [HRT–; mean (SEM) age 56.5 (1.6) years (range 48–63)] and the second was composed of 8 women receiving HRT [HRT+; mean (SEM) age 54.0 (2.1) years (range 48–63)]. Skin irritation was induced by applying topical sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 1.25% to occluded buttock skin for 48 h. Clinical assessment was conducted after 24 h, followed by biopsy of both SLS-challenged and unchallenged skin for analysis of skin barrier proteins and immune cell distribution using immunofluorescence.

Results
Clinically, there were no significant differences in skin irritant responses between those taking or not taking HRT (including increased skin redness and blood flow). In response to SLS challenge a significant increase in transepidermal water loss (P &lt; 0.05), filaggrin deposition and cytokeratin 10 (K10)+ cell layers (P &lt; 0.01) was observed in individuals receiving HRT compared with the HRT– group. Following SLS challenge in individuals taking HRT, a significant (P &lt; 0.01) reduction in CD207+ cells in the epidermis was observed, accompanied by an increase of CD207+ cells in the dermis, indicative of migrating Langerhans cells (LCs). Significantly fewer migrating LCs were found in those who were not receiving HRT (P &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, the numbers of dermal dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and CD11c+CD206– and CD68+CD206– subsets were found to be significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher in those taking HRT following SLS challenge.

Conclusions
Individuals receiving HRT displayed enhanced skin barrier response to SLS challenge with thicker filaggrin and increased K10+ epidermal cell layers. Following challenge, HRT users exhibited elevated LC, inflammatory DC and macrophage counts in the dermis. These may render skin both more prone to inflammation and more capable of resolving it, while also promoting skin repair.
The Invisible Face of Social Work Field Education: Secondary Traumatic Stress Experiences of BSW Students
Authors: Zengin Oguzhan , Saglık Tugrul Gizem Nur 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aims to examine the experiences of secondary traumatic stress of Bachelor of Social Work (BSW) students’ field education process in Turkey. In the scope of the research, nineteen BSW students, eleven of whom were female and eight of whom were male, who performed field education were interviewed. A semi-structured interview form consisting of twenty-three questions was used to collect the data. The obtained data were analysed using the descriptive analysis approach of qualitative research. The findings express the different experiences of BSW students in challenging cases encountered during the field education process and effects of challenging cases after field education and coping. Based on the research findings, it was concluded that BSW students are at risk of experiencing secondary traumatic stress throughout the entire field education process, and some recommendations were developed in this regard.
Verification of reprojected planar images generated from a ring-configured cadmium zinc telluride gamma camera in scintigraphy for diagnosing transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Cerić Andelius Irma , Fridriksdóttir Ragnheidur , Minarik David , Hedeer Fredrik , Stenvall Anna , Trägårdh Elin , Oddstig Jenny 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Non-invasive diagnosis of amyloid transthyretin (ATTR) cardiac amyloidosis using planar scintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography (SPECT-CT) with [99mTc]Tc-3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid ([99mTc]Tc-DPD) has high specificity and sensitivity. However, the introduction of ring-configured cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) gamma cameras warrants an update in the acquisition method since these systems are not able to perform planar scintigraphy. We aimed to verify the use of reprojected planar images from SPECT-CT as a replacement for planar scintigraphy in evaluating ATTR-amyloidosis.

Methods and results
The study examined 30 patients referred for clinically indicated [99mTc]Tc-DPD scintigraphy who were scanned with both a conventional gamma camera and a ring-configured CZT gamma camera. Planar scintigraphy from the conventional gamma camera was compared with reprojected planar images from the ring-configured CZT gamma camera. The images were evaluated in regard to image quality and Perugini visual score in a blinded fashion by three nuclear medicine physicians. Heart-to-contralateral (H/CL) ratios were calculated. There were 27 patients who had an identical Perugini score in planar and reprojected planar images, yielding a strong level of agreement and inter-rater reliability among the three readers. The H/CL ratios showed a strong correlation ratio (r = 0.98, P &lt; 0.0001). A shift towards lower image quality was seen for the reprojected images.

Conclusion
Reprojected planar images generated from a ring-configured CZT gamma camera combined with SPECT-CT can be used to score ATTR amyloidosis and extract H/CL ratios in the same way as planar images and SPECT-CT from a conventional gamma camera.
Turbulence, framing, and planning among college daters: testing relational turbulence theory in a dyadic, lab study
Authors: Brisini Kellie St Cyr , Riccardi Rebecca , Wang Ningyang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Engaging relational turbulence theory (RTT), this study examined how dating partners’ relationship quality predicted cognitions and communication during planning conversations. In a lab-based study, college dating partners (n = 71 different gender couples) assessed their relational turbulence, participated in two planning activities, and then reported their perceptions of collaborative planning and relational framing for each activity. Outside observers rated the conversations for collaborative planning, dominance, and affiliation behaviors. Following RTT, we hypothesized that relational turbulence would lead to decreases in collaborative planning and engagement in more negative relational frames. Actor–partner interdependence models with repeated measures indicated differing effects on participant perception and outsider observations of the variables. Results provide support for RTT’s relatively untested propositions, suggest potential gender differences among different gender dating partners’ experiences, and reiterate the complexity of relational communication among dating partners.
Intermittent dosing of zoledronic acid based on bone turnover marker assessment reduces vertebral and non-vertebral fractures
Authors: Borgen Tove Tveitan , Lee-Ødegård Sindre , Eriksen Barbara Fink , Eriksen Erik Fink 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that the administration of zoledronic acid (ZOL) once yearly for 3 years or once over 3 years, yields similar antifracture efficacy. Bone turnover markers can predict the antifracture efficacy of antiresorptive agents, with procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) being the most useful marker. In this retrospective cohort study, we explored the effects of intravenous dosing of ZOL guided by serum (S)-P1NP assessment on bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures. Consenting patients (N = 202, mean age 68.2 years) with osteoporosis were treated with ZOL for an average of 4.4 (range 2-8) years. S-P1NP and BMD were measured at baseline and every 1-2 years. We assessed the number of subsequent vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in the 2-year time periods. The number of patients assessed was 202, 147, 69, and 29 at years 1-2, 3-4, 5-6, and 7-8, respectively. A new ZOL infusion was given if S-P1NP exhibited values above 35 μg/L. BMD increased by 6.2% (SD 4.0) over the first 2 years and stabilized in years 2-8 (P &lt;.05). Median S-P1NP exhibited an initial reduction from 58.0 to 31.3 μg/L at year 2 and then increased to 39.0 μg/L at years 7-8. Compared with fractures observed in the last 2 years before baseline, fracture rates exhibited consistent reductions, for vertebral fractures odds ratio (OR) [95% confidence interval] = 0.61 [0.47, 0.80], P &lt;.001 and for nonvertebral fractures OR = 0.23 [0.18, 0.31], P &lt;.001. In conclusion, intermittent dosing of intravenous ZOL based on the assessment of S-P1NP with cut-off at 35 μg/L resulted in an initial increase followed by a stable BMD, suppression of S-P1NP, and stable reduction of fractures for 8 years. Only 39% of patients needed more than one infusion. This approach reduces healthcare costs and might also reduce the risk of rare side effects such as osteonecrosis of the jaw and atypical femoral fracture.
Tangled banks, braided rivers, and complex hierarchies: beyond microevolution and macroevolution
Authors: Kearney Maureen , Lieberman Bruce S , Strotz Luke C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ever since the Modern Synthesis, a debate about the relationship between microevolution and macroevolution has persisted—specifically, whether they are equivalent, distinct, or explain one another. How one answers these questions has become shorthand for a much broader set of theoretical debates in evolutionary biology. Here, we examine microevolution and macroevolution in the context of the vast proliferation of data, knowledge, and theory since the advent of the Modern Synthesis. We suggest that traditional views on microevolution and macroevolution are too binary and reductive given current empirical and theoretical advances in biology. For example, patterns and processes are interconnected at various temporal and spatial scales and among hierarchical entities, rather than defining micro- or macro-domains. Further, biological entities have variably fuzzy boundaries, resulting in complex evolutionary processes that influence macroevolution occuring at both micro- and macro-levels. In addition, conceptual advances in phylodynamics have yet to be fully integrated with contemporary macroevolutionary approaches. Finally, holding microevolution and macroevolution as distinct domains thwarts synthesis and collaboration on important research questions. Instead, we propose that the focal entities and processes considered by evolutionary studies be contextualized within the complexity of the multidimensional, multimodal, multilevel phylogenetic system.
Phosphaturia in HIV-Exposed Uninfected Neonates Associated with Maternal Use of Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in Late Pregnancy
Authors: Purswani Murli U , Jacobson Denise L , DiMeglio Linda A , Yao Tzy-Jyun , Kopp Jeffrey B , Van Dyke Russell B , Yu Wendy , Siberry George K ,   For the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS), Chadwick Ellen , Sanders Margaret Ann , Malee Kathleen , Pyun Yoonsun , Paul Mary , Buschur Shelley , McMullen-Jackson Chivon , Harris Lynnette , Purswani Murli , Alvarado Marvin , Baig Mahoobullah Mirza , Villegas Alma , Robinson Lisa-Gaye , Blood James , Garvie Patricia , Cooley Dia , Borkowsky William , Deygoo Nagamah Sandra , Lewis Jennifer , Dieudonne Arry , Bettica Linda , Johnson Juliette , Surowiec Karen , Knapp Katherine , Russell-Bell Jamie , Wilkins Megan , Love Stephanie , Rosario Nicolas , Angeli-Nieves Lourdes , Olivera Vivian , Kohlhoff Stephan , Dennie Ava , Kaye Jean , Wallier Jenny , Silio Margarita , Craig Karen , Sirois Patricia , Hutto Cecelia , Hickman Paige , Huldtquist Julie , Marullo Dan , Spector Stephen A , Figueroa Veronica , Loughran Megan , Nichols Sharon , McFarland Elizabeth , Kwon Christine , Chambers Carrie , Rathore Mobeen , Tejan Jamilah , Borestil Beatrice , Routman Staci , Scott Gwendolyn , Gil Gustavo , Fernandez Gabriel , Cuadra Anai , Frederick Toni , Davtyan Mariam , Morales-Avendano Guadalupe , Rodriguez Zoe M , Torres Lizmarie , Scalley Nydia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is often used in treating pregnant women living with HIV. Third-trimester TDF exposure is associated with a 12% reduction in bone mineral content in HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) neonates. The potential mechanisms underlying this observation are unknown.

Methods
The TDF study enrolled newborns of gestational age ≥36 weeks from the Surveillance Monitoring for Antiretroviral Therapy and Toxicities study based on in utero TDF exposure (TDF use ≥8 weeks in the third trimester vs none). Blood and urine samples were collected cross-sectionally within 30 days of birth to assess renal function (serum creatinine, serum phosphate, eGFR, percent tubular reabsorption of phosphate [PTRP]), and bone turnover (serum parathyroid hormone, 25-OH vitamin D [25(OH)D], and urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type 1 collagen). For each biomarker, a LOESS plot was fit using values at age at specimen collection; regression lines over age were fit among samples collected from 4 to 30 days, to compare slopes by TDF exposure.

Results
Among 141 neonates, 77 were TDF-exposed and 64 TDF-unexposed. Between age 4 and 30 days, PTRP decreased more rapidly in the TDF-exposed compared to the unexposed group with slopes of −0.58 vs −0.08/day (difference −0.50/day [95% CI −0.88, −0.11]). Slopes for 25(OH)D were similar in both groups, but serum levels were lower in TDF-exposed neonates (median [IQR]: 22 [19, 29] vs 26 [22, 37] ng/mL). No differences were observed for other biomarkers.

Conclusions
Third-trimester in utero exposure to TDF is associated with increased urinary loss of phosphate and lower serum concentrations of 25(OH)D in HEU neonates.
Naturally conceived heterotopic pregnancy: an atypical presentation rare case report and review of current literature
Authors: Lugata John , Shao Baraka , Batchu Nasra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Heterotopic pregnancy (HP) is the coexistence of living or dead intrauterine pregnancy, single or multiple, and extrauterine pregnancy located in the oviduct, ovary, uterine corner, cervix or peritoneal cavity. This condition is very rare (1:30 000 pregnancies). HP constitutes a rare obstetric condition. Its occurrence after natural conception is sparsely documented in the literature. Here in, we present a case of a 27-year-old primeparous women who presented at 18 weeks with features of ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Initial ultrasonographic imaging showed an intrauterine pregnancy corresponding to 18 weeks. It also revealed a floating fetus with significant collection of fluid in the pouch of Douglas, retroceacal recess and both hepatocellular recess. An emergency explorative laparotomy was done where right salpingectomy was performed. She was later followed up to term and delivered by elective cesarean section successfully. A brief narrative of the challenges in the management, clinical presentation and limitation in the management is highlighted in the present case report.
Key message: Heterotopic pregnancy can occur in natural conception irrespective of usage of ovulation induction. Routine early pregnancy ultrasound can promote early detection with prompt surgical intervention to mitigate its complications.
‘Life is peaceful here’: Nigerian refugees in Limassol between colonial afterlives and city-making
Authors: Fischer Leandros 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Divided by ethnic conflict, plagued by an economic crisis, and enforcing restrictive bordering practices at the edge of Europe, the Republic of Cyprus hardly constitutes an obvious choice for Nigerians fleeing conditions of state breakdown, crisis, and social immobility. The perceived ‘unusualness’ of this migration has made Nigerian and other African refugees particularly vulnerable to human rights abuses, violent nativist discourse, and racialised hyper-exploitation in the labour market. Yet despite these difficulties, some Nigerians strive to build a life on the island, with modest success. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article attempts to unravel the prevailing methodological nationalism, upon which notions of the ‘unusualness’ of African migration to the island are premised, in two ways. In contrast to notions of being itself a former colony, ‘too small’ to accommodate refugees, I show that colonial-era emigration to Africa has engendered anti-black racism in Cyprus, which has only been strengthened by EU membership and economic crisis. By focusing, on the other hand, on the city of Limassol as an ambivalent landscape of crisis and opportunity, I demonstrate how the urban rather than the national dimension can put notions of ‘unusualness’ into perspective. Within a global condition of crisis and social immobility, Nigerian refugees emplace themselves within the opportunities that Limassol, as a nodal point of social relations along multiple scales—national, regional, European, and global—has to offer. While this fact in itself does not improve their position vis-à-vis a restrictive asylum policy framework, it nonetheless renders them a constituent part of the city.
The shaping of mRNA translation plasticity by RNA G-quadruplexes in cancer progression and therapy resistance
Authors: Cammas Anne , Desprairies Alice , Dassi Erik , Millevoi Stefania 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Translational reprogramming in response to oncogenic signaling or microenvironmental stress factors shapes the proteome of cancer cells, enabling adaptation and phenotypic changes underlying cell plasticity, tumor progression and response to cancer therapy. Among the mechanisms regulating translation are RNA G-quadruplexes (RG4s), non-canonical four-stranded structures whose conformational modulation by small molecule ligands and RNA-binding proteins affects the expression of cancer proteins. Here, we discuss the role of RG4s in the regulation of mRNA translation by focusing on paradigmatic examples showing their contribution to adaptive mechanisms of mRNA translation in cancer.
An Opt-out Tobacco Treatment Group Intervention Within an Intensive Substance Use Disorders Treatment Program: Initial Outcomes in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Bertucci Stephanie , Schultz Erica , Stevenson Brittany , Fu Steven S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Despite steadily declining rates of tobacco use in the United States, individuals suffering from substance use disorders (SUD) and other mental illnesses continue to use tobacco at alarmingly high rates, resulting in increased mortality. Given the synergistic consequences to those who suffer from both tobacco use disorders (TUD) and other SUD, embedding tobacco treatment into structured SUD programs using an opt-out approach may yield a greater impact. The current study compares clinical outcomes (ie, quit attempts and prescription of tobacco cessation medications) for an opt-out versus opt-in approach to tobacco treatment.

Aims and Methods
Tobacco use information was collected prior to and after implementation of an opt-out, eight-session, tobacco group treatment intervention. Patient self-report and medical chart review were utilized to identify individuals who began a tobacco cessation medication during treatment as well as those who reported quitting tobacco, defined as sustained tobacco abstinence for at least 7 days. The analysis includes a total of N = 332 Veterans who enrolled in the intensive outpatient program.

Results
Those enrolled in the opt-out tobacco treatment group reported a significantly higher rate of quitting tobacco (24.57%) than those in the opt-in group (2.55%; p &lt; .001). Likewise, the opt-out group was prescribed tobacco cessation medications at a significantly higher rate than the opt-in group (55.00% compared to 14.65%; p &lt; .001).

Conclusions
An opt-out treatment approach to TUD in SUD treatment settings produced improved outcomes, including significantly more patients engaged in TUD treatment and a higher overall rate of SUD treatment completion.

Implications
Given the disproportionately high rate of tobacco use among those seeking treatment for SUD, enhanced tobacco cessation interventions could result in both improved tobacco as well as other substance use outcomes. The implementation of an opt-out tobacco treatment intervention embedded into SUD programming is supported by our findings of reduced tobacco use among patients.