bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case series of forearm compartment syndrome complicating transradial cardiac catheterization
Authors: Khirul Ashar Nur Ayuni , Ismail Imma Isniza , Lingam Rahul , Mazlan Naadira Faa’iza , Azmi Nur Syahirah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute compartment syndrome following a transradial coronary approach is rare. However, as the incidence of coronary arterial disease increases due to lifestyle factors and multiple comorbidities, transradial coronary angiography has become more common for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in cardiovascular centers. Despite its rarity, we encountered two cases of acute compartment syndrome within a 1-week interval in the cardiology unit of a tertiary hospital.

Case presentation
The first case involved a 75-year-old woman diagnosed with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). A coronary angiogram was performed via an uncomplicated right radial artery puncture. Following the procedure, the patient experienced significant swelling in the right forearm. An emergency fasciotomy release of the right forearm was conducted, revealing a gushing hematoma upon entering the flexor compartment. Fortunately, the wound healed well two months postoperatively with no functional deficits. In the second case, an 80-year-old man presented with severe angina pectoris upon exertion and was diagnosed with NSTEMI. The following day, he developed compartment syndrome in the left forearm, necessitating an emergency fasciotomy. Intraoperative examination revealed muscle bulging within the forearm compartments accompanied by extensive hematoma. Postoperatively, a deranged coagulation profile caused oozing from the wound. However, since there was no arterial bleeding, a compression dressing was applied. This led to a gradual drop in hemoglobin levels and worsened his heart condition. Despite resuscitative efforts and attempts to correct the coagulopathy, the patient experienced cardiorespiratory arrest and succumbed to ischemic heart disease in failure.

Conclusion
Clinicians must remain vigilant in identifying this potentially limb-threatening condition. Patients with pre-existing anticoagulant therapy and underlying atherosclerotic disease are at a higher risk of bleeding complications. Implementing effective hemostasis techniques and promptly managing swelling can help prevent the occurrence of compartment syndrome. Timely assessment and maintaining a high level of clinical suspicion are paramount. If necessary, early consideration of decompressive fasciotomy is essential to avert catastrophic outcomes.
Endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Toke Nilesh , Rathod Ajit , Phalak Pooja , Patel Vikas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent metabolic disorder that has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Endothelial dysfunction, characterized by impaired flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, is a known predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between NAFLD and endothelial dysfunction, as well as the impact of NAFLD on clinical cardiovascular events, remains unclear.

Objective
The aim of this systematic literature review was to determine the association between endothelial dysfunction, as measured by FMD of the brachial artery, and NAFLD. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the relationship between NAFLD and clinical cardiovascular events (CVE).

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles published between 2000 and July 2023. The reference lists of the included studies were also searched to retrieve possible additional studies. Original studies published in English focusing on adults with NAFLD and endothelial dysfunction are included. Editorials, commentaries, letters and studies focusing on pediatric populations and non-NAFLD liver diseases were excluded. The quality of included studies was appraised using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software.

Results
The initial search yielded a total of 1792 articles and ultimately only 20 studies met the criteria. A total 6396 NAFLD patients were studied. Meta-analysis showed that individuals diagnosed with NAFLD had significantly lower brachial FMD values compared to their respective control groups (standardized mean difference: -4.63, 95% confidence interval: -5.68 to -3.58, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, NAFLD patients exhibited a significantly higher risk of clinical cardiovascular events compared to controls (odds ratio: 2.61; 95% CI: 1.41–4.83, p < 0.002). Subgroup analysis of studies focusing on non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) versus pure steatosis demonstrated that individuals with NASH had even lower FMD values than those with pure steatosis (standardized mean difference: -3.84, 95% confidence interval: -7.56 to -0.13, p = 0.03, I2 = 66%).

Limitations, bias and heterogeneity
The review included studies published in English language, over last 23 years and specified database resulted in language bias and might have missed older pertinent studies from another important database. The overall heterogeneity is attributed to variations in study populations, outcome measurements, differences in methodological approaches among included studies, and diverse diagnostic criteria for NAFLD.

Conclusion
Individuals with NAFLD exhibited impaired brachial FMD, indicating compromised endothelial function. Furthermore, NAFLD patients had an elevated risk of clinical cardiovascular events.
Dispersion of SARS-CoV-2 lineage BA.5.1.25 and its descendants in Peru during two COVID-19 waves in 2022
Authors: Jimenez-Vasquez Victor , Vargas-Herrera Natalia , Bárcena-Flores Luis , Hurtado Verónica , Padilla-Rojas Carlos , Araujo-Castillo Roger V. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDuring the third year of the pandemic in Peru, the persistent transmission of SARS-CoV-2 led to the appearance of more transmissible and immune-evasive Omicron sublineages; in that context, the National Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 performed by the Peruvian National Institute of Health detected spike mutations in the circulating Omicron BA.5.1.25 sublineage which was later designated as DJ.1 and increased during the fourth COVID-19 wave, this eventually branched into new sublineages. The introduction, emergence, and timing of the most recent common ancestor (tMRCA) of BA.5.1.25 and its descendants (DJ.1, DJ.1.1, DJ.1.2, and DJ.1.3) were investigated in this paper as well as the time lags between their emergence and identification by the Peruvian National Institute of Health. Our findings show that ongoing genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for understanding its phylogenetic evolution and the emergence of novel variations.
A computational approach for structural and functional analyses of disease-associated mutations in the human CYLD gene
Authors: Roy Arpita Singha , Feroz Tasmiah , Islam Md. Kobirul , Munim Md. Adnan , Supti Dilara Akhter , Antora Nusrat Jahan , Al Reza Hasan , Gosh Supriya , Bahadur Newaz Mohammed , Alam Mohammad Rahanur , Hossain Md Shahadat 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTumor suppressor cylindromatosis protein (CYLD) regulates NF-κB and JNK signaling pathways by cleaving K63-linked poly-ubiquitin chain from its substrate molecules and thus preventing the progression of tumorigenesis and metastasis of the cancer cells. Mutations in CYLD can cause aberrant structure and abnormal functionality leading to tumor formation. In this study, we utilized several computational tools such as PANTHER, PROVEAN, PredictSNP, PolyPhen-2, PhD-SNP, PON-P2, and SIFT to find out deleterious nsSNPs. We also highlighted the damaging impact of those deleterious nsSNPs on the structure and function of the CYLD utilizing ConSurf, I-Mutant, SDM, Phyre2, HOPE, Swiss-PdbViewer, and Mutation 3D. We shortlisted 18 high-risk nsSNPs from a total of 446 nsSNPs recorded in the NCBI database. Based on the conservation profile, stability status, and structural impact analysis, we finalized 13 nsSNPs. Molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation concluded the study with the findings of two significant nsSNPs (R830K, H827R) which have a remarkable impact on binding affinity, RMSD, RMSF, radius of gyration, and hydrogen bond formation during CYLD-ubiquitin interaction. The principal component analysis compared native and two mutants R830K and H827R of CYLD that signify structural and energy profile fluctuations during molecular dynamic (MD) simulation. Finally, the protein–protein interaction network showed CYLD interacts with 20 proteins involved in several biological pathways that mutations can impair. Considering all these in silico analyses, our study recommended conducting large-scale association studies of nsSNPs of CYLD with cancer as well as designing precise medications against diseases associated with these polymorphisms.
Evaluation of Emulgel and Nanostructured Lipid Carrier-Based Gel Formulations for Transdermal Administration of Ibuprofen: Characterization, Mechanical Properties, and Ex-Vivo Skin Permeation
Authors: Yılmaz Usta Duygu , Teksin Zeynep Safak , Tugcu-Demiroz Fatmanur 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn transdermal applications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, the rheological and mechanical properties of the dosage form affect the performance of the drug. The aim of this study to develop emulgel and nanostructured lipid carrier NLC-based gel formulations containing ibuprofen, evaluate their mechanical properties, bioadhesive value and ex-vivo rabbit skin permeability. All formulations showed non-Newtonian pseudoplastic behavior and their viscosity values are suitable for topical application. The particle size of the nanostructured lipid carrier system was found to be 468 ± 21 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency was 95.58 ± 0.41%. According to the index of viscosity, consistency, firmness, and cohesiveness values obtained as a result of the back extrusion study, E2 formulation was found to be more suitable for transdermal application. The firmness and work of shear values of the E2 formulation, which has the highest viscosity value, were also found to be the highest and it was chosen as the most suitable formulation in terms of the spreadability test. The work of bioadhesion values of NLC-based gel and IBU-loaded NLC-based gel were found as 0.226 ± 0.028 and 0.181 ± 0.006 mJ/cm2 respectively. The percentages of IBU that penetrated through rabbit skin from the Ibuactive-Cream and the E2 were 87.4 ± 2.11% and 93.4 ± 2.72% after 24 h, respectively. When the penetration of ibuprofen through the skin was evaluated, it was found that the E2 formulation increased penetration due to its lipid and nanoparticle structure. As a result of these findings, it can be said that the NLC-based gel formulation will increase the therapeutic efficacy and will be a good alternative transdermal formulation.
Graphical Abstract
Embarkation for Méséglise
Authors: De Broux Guillaume 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article undertakes the first comparative analysis of Le Pèlerinage à l’île de Cythère (1717) and the opening of À la recherche du temps perdu. Pursuing close readings of a specific sequence within Combray II, the author foregrounds and problematizes overlooked affinities, both thematic and representational, between the two works, with a view to broaden the debate not only around Proust’s painterly references but also around the ways in which “influence” and “intermediality” are understood in the scholarship. Emphasizing in particular the sensuous, aesthetic, and social dimensions of modern love as they appear in the Cythera-like nature of the Méséglise way during the buildup to the Gilberte encounter, the author suggests that Marcel found in nature’s flamboyancy both a ground and a reflection of his own impulse toward unrestrained libido, aristocratic leisure, and the eternal. Ultimately, the author argues that Watteau enables us to rethink Proust’s relationship to modernity, and that, in turn, Proust’s writing adds new potentialities to our exploration of Watteau.
Muddy Waters
Authors: Raman Bhavani 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Coastal development did not arise from sovereign property rights to the coast or efforts to fix moving shorelines in law. Instead, it emerged from ideas of the public good and public trust that vested the protection of shores and seas in modern states. State protection supported coastal development, especially ports, in the era of steamship technology. By examining case studies from seventeenth-century to late nineteenth-century coastal India, this essay illustrates how the idea of state protection emerged through legal disputes over the obligations of littoral societies, international law, customary practices, definitions of navigable waters, accretion, and the status of subterranean or derelict land. The resultant terraqueous framework was legally plural. Nevertheless, it strengthened state claims over coastal areas and facilitated coastal development by circumscribing the boundaries of littoral societies’ claims that have traditionally relied on fishing or livelihoods tied to these waters.
Note on hydrostatic skeletons: muscles operating within a pressurized environment
Authors: Blickhan Reinhard , Siebert Tobias 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Muscles and muscle fibers are volume-constant constructs that deform when contracted and develop internal pressures. However, muscles embedded in hydrostatic skeletons are also exposed to external pressures generated by their activity. For two examples, the pressure generation in spiders and in annelids, we used simplified biomechanical models to demonstrate that high intracellular pressures diminishing the resulting tensile stress of the muscle fibers are avoided in the hydrostatic skeleton. The findings are relevant for a better understanding of the design and functionality of biological hydrostatic skeletons.
Social arenas in the open habitat: the social role of waterholes for saiga antelope
Authors: Giljov Andrey , Karenina Karina 
Published: May 2024

In wild animals, specific locations may function as ‘social arenas’ playing a significant role in various aspects of intraspecific interactions. The emergence of such social arenas is assumed to be particularly important under conditions of low visibility and density of individuals typical for forest dwelling species. In the forest, open areas with a high probability of meeting conspecifics such as waterholes and mineral licks can favor socialization. The paucity of studies on the open-habitat species limits our understanding of whether forest habitat is an essential condition for the emergence of social arenas. Here we address this issue by investigating whether resource hotspots function as social arenas in a species adapted to open habitat. The social behaviour in groups of saiga antelopes (Saiga tatarica tatarica) was recorded at large permanent waterholes (serving also as mineral licks) and away from them in the steppe environment. The frequency and variety of social interactions between the group mates were compared with a special effort made to minimize the potential impact of other factors besides the location. Also the focal individuals, interacting or not interacting with conspecifics at the waterholes, were traced continuously to explore the duration of their visit at the waterhole area. Finally, we recorded the number of individuals in the groups entering and leaving the waterhole. Active social interactions between group members occurred more often and were more varied near the waterholes as compared to the areas away from them. The participation in social interactions influenced the duration of individual waterhole visits. Males that interacted with others shortly after arrival stayed significantly longer compared to those who did not. Females whose calves engaged in social interactions with age-mates spent more time at the waterholes than females whose calves did not. The comparison of mean group sizes showed that saigas left waterhole areas in larger groups than they entered them. Our findings, together with previous studies, suggest that resource hotspots can function as social arenas in mammals regardless of the habitat type (open or closed). The emergence of specific locations having particular social significance may be especially important for highly dispersed species with large home ranges. The results of the study emphasize the significance of large permanent waterholes and mineral licks used by many individuals year after year for the social behaviour of saiga antelopes.
Remote sensing of eruptions and transport of Taal volcano in January 2020
Authors: Nee Jan-Bai , Chang Yuan-Pin , Wang Chia C. 
Published: May 2024

The eruption and transport of the Taal volcano (14 N, 121 E) in January 2020 have been investigated using remote sensing measurements of several satellites, including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite, and Himawari-8. The aerosol optical thickness (AOT), angstrom exponent (AE), and column densities of sulfur dioxide (SO2) derived from satellites are analyzed in this study. The ground-based AERONET data of Manila city and OMI SO2 are studied to validate high AOT events. Our findings indicate that ash and gases followed opposite transport paths. This differential transport is consistent with various wind data, HYSPLIT back and forward trajectory calculations, and emission dispersion models. The potential influences of deposition on ocean biology and climate are also discussed.
Re-emergence and influencing factors of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis in the extension region of Loess Plateau, China
Authors: Luo Zhuowei , Wang Fenfen , Guo Zhaoyu , Huang Lulu , Qian Peijun , Wang Wenya , Chen Shenglin , Li Yuanyuan , Zhang Peijun , Zhang Yi , Wu Bin , Zhou Zhengbin , Hao Yuwan , Li Shizhu 
Published: May 2024

Objective
To understand the epidemiological distribution characteristics of mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, China, from 2006 to 2021, to explore the influencing factors leading to the re-emergence of the epidemic, and to provide a basis for the formulation of targeted control strategies.

Methods
Case information spanning from 2006 to 2021 in Yangquan City was collected for a retrospective case-control study conducted from June to September 2022. A 1:3 matched ratio was employed. A questionnaire was utilized to gather data on basic information, demographic characteristics, awareness of MT-ZVL knowledge, residence, and dog breeding and living habits. The study employed a multifactorial conditional stepwise logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors.

Results
A total of 508 subjects was analyzed. Risk factors for MT-ZVL included the use of soil/stone/concrete as building materials (OR = 3.932), presence of nearby empty/stone stack houses (OR = 2.515), dog breeding (OR = 4.215), presence of stray dogs (OR = 2.767), and neighbor’s dog breeding (OR = 1.953). Protective factors comprised knowledge of MT-ZVL (OR = 0.113) and using mosquito repellents (OR = 0.388). The findings indicate significant associations between environmental and behavioral factors and MT-ZVL incidence in Yangquan City, Shanxi Province, China, from 2006 to 2021. These results underscore the importance of public awareness campaigns and targeted interventions aimed at reducing exposure to risk factors and promoting protective measures to mitigate the re-emergence of MT-ZVL outbreaks.

Conclusion
House building materials, presence of neighboring empty houses, breeding domestic dogs and distribution of stray dogs surrounding the home are risk factors for MT-ZVL. Awareness of MT-ZVL and implementation of preventive measures during outdoor activities in summer and autumn are protective and may reduce the risk of MT-ZVL.
Current khat (Catha edulis F.) use among Ethiopian women and its association with anemia and underweight: A cross-sectional analysis from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Amaha Nebyu Daniel , Kifle Meron Mehari , Mebrahtu Samson Goitom 
Published: May 2024

Background
Chewing fresh leaves of Catha edulis (khat) is a popular pastime activity among Ethiopians where 12% women chew it. Reports show that khat use has been associated with poor nutritional status. This study aimed to determine whether khat chewing is linked to underweight and anemia.

Method
We analyzed data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). The EDHS used two stage stratified cluster sampling to collected data from 16,650 households. We used data from a total of 15,683 respondents and 1904 respondents who chewed ever chewed khat in their lives. We used Pearson’s chi-square, and logistic regression while stratifying by residence (urban vs rural) to control for confounders.

Result
Our results indicated 10.7% (95%CI: 10.92,11.26) of women chewed khat for an average of 16.5 days in the previous month. A woman’s current khat chewing status was significantly associated with age, educational level, region, religion, wealth group, and marital status. Women aged 40–44 were significantly more likely to chew (AOR = 2.89,) compared to those aged 15–19. Compared with Protestant women, Muslim women were 210 times more likely (AOR = 210, 95% CI 102,435.7) to chew and women in the poorest wealth quintile had 73% higher odds (AOR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.22,2.44) of chewing khat when compared with the richest. Anemia was not associated with a woman’s chewing status, whereas rural women who chewed khat for more than 26 days in a month had a 78% increased risk (OR = 1.78) of being underweight when compared to non-chewers.

Conclusion
Khat chewing is associated with sociodemographic factors and current khat use is associated with a higher risk of underweight among women living in rural areas. Implementing targeted awareness campaigns for women about the risks of khat chewing is recommended.
Most commonly used vaping brands by 18–25 year old young adults in Texas—Spring 2023
Authors: North Caroline , Loukas Alexandra , Harrell Melissa B. , Pasch Keryn E. , Marti C. Nathan , Wilkinson Anna V. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
We aimed to determine (1) the most commonly used brands of electronic vaping products (EVPs) by young adults in Texas during Spring 2023, and (2) if brand preferences differ by sociodemographic characteristics, current cigarette smoking, and current cannabis vaping.

Method
Participants were 2,491 18-25-year-olds (Mean age = 20.6; 62.9% female; 29.7% sexual gender minority; 35.9% non-Hispanic White, 45.0% Hispanic/Latino, 3.5% non-Hispanic Black, 11.6% non-Hispanic Asian, and 4.0% two or more races or another race/ethnicity) enrolled in 21 Texas colleges during February–March 2023 who used EVPs in the past 30-days.

Results
Esco Bar was the most popular EVP brand (32.5%), followed by Elf Bar (19%), Vuse (10.1%), and all other brands were used by < 10% of participants. Nearly 20% of participants reported not having a usual brand. Participants who used Esco Bar, Elf Bar, and Puff Bar were younger (i.e., 18–20 years old), female, and Hispanic/Latino. Vuse, JUUL, and Smok were used by participants who were older (i.e., 21–25 years old), male, non-Hispanic white, used EVPs daily, and currently smoked cigarettes.

Conclusion
The present study extends prior research by providing contemporary data on young adult EVP brand preferences in Texas during Spring 2023. Many of the brands commonly used by young adults (e.g., Esco Bar, Elf Bar) are not currently authorized for marketing or sale by the Food and Drug Administration. Findings underscore a need for additional enforcement efforts that prohibit the distribution and sale of these products to, in turn, prevent EVP use among young adults.