bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
<i>In vitro</i> influence on fibrinolysis parameters of aqueous extracts of mushrooms growing on woody plants
Authors: Faustova N. M. , Vedernikov D. N. , Bakanov V. V. , Pavlova E. N. , Vlasova E. N. , Skorik Yu. A. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction. Various compounds of mushroom extracts are of interest as a source of new active pharmaceutical substances with antithrombotic activity.Aim. The aim of the work is to determine the potential antithrombotic activity in vitro of aqueous extracts of xylotrophic mushrooms: Lentinula edodes, Pholiota squarrosa, Flammulina velutipes (Curtis) Signer, Kuehneromyces mutabilis, Armillaria cepistipes, Armillaria borealis, Hypholoma capnoides, Lentinellus cochleatus, Léccinum aurantíacum, Pleurotus ostreatus.Materials and methods. The study of fibrinolytic activity of water extracts of mushrooms in vitro was carried out. The effect of test objects on plasminogen activation, on the activity of enzyms of the fibrinolysis system α2-antiplasmin, on the time of euglobulin clot lysis and on the concentration of fibrinogen was evaluated. For the analysis we used reagent kits of SPD «RENAM» and LLC Company «Тechnology-Standard» (Russia).Results and discussion. Pronounced antithrombotic activity is demonstrated by an aqueous extract of L. edodes and fractions of aqueous extract. Extracts of L. edodes affect all studied parameters of fibrinolysis to varying degrees. Caps and stems of P. squarrosa, K. mutabilis, and F. velutipes aqueous extracts and fractions of aqueous extracts also demonstrate antithrombotic (fibrinolytic) activity in vitro, having a statistically significant effect on various parameters of fibrinolysis. A less pronounced effect on fibrinolysis parameters in comparison with the above samples is observed when using an aqueous extract of L. cochleatus marked. A. cepistipes, A. borealis, H. capnoides, L. aurantiacum, P. ostreatus fruiting bodies aqueous extracts do not affect the studied parameters of fibrinolysis and the concentration of fibrinogen.Conclusion. The data obtained make it possible to recommend extracts from L. edodes, F. velutipes, P. squarrosa and K. mutabilis for further study, for example, in order to develop functional food products for cardiovascular diseases or to create antithrombotic drugs.
Media Sosial sebagai Sumber Belajar bagi Generasi Z
Authors: Pujiono Andrias , Kanafi Kanafi , Farida Maraiati 
Published: May 2024

The main reason for this research is the attachment of Generation Z's life to social media. The author is interested in proving that social media is sufficient and interesting to be a source of learning for Generation Z. This research uses a literature study. With the established research stages, the authors can present a research result that can be accounted for. The result of this study is that social media can be used as a learning resource for Generation Z. However, teachers can be selective and provide appropriate references to students, which accounts and what types of social media contain educational content and those relevant to the theme—being studied. AbstrakLekatnya kehidupan Generasi Z dengan media sosial menjadi alasan utama penelitian ini dilakukan. Penulis tertarik untuk membuktikan bahwa media sosial mencukupi dan menarik untuk dijadikan sumber belajar bagi generasi Z. penelitian ini menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Dengan tahapan-tahapan penelitian yang ditetapkan, penulis yakin dapat menyajikan suatu hasil penelitian yang dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah media sosial dapat dijadikan sumber belajar bagi generasi Z. Namun demikian, para guru dapat berupaya selektif dan mampu memberikan rujukan yang tepat kepada peserta didik, akun mana saja dan apa jenis media sosial yang memuat konten edukasi, serta yang relevan dengan tema yang sedang dipelajari.
Commodity
Authors: Wadiwel Dinesh Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Chapter 3 explores two commodity forms of food animals: as raw materials and consumption commodities. The Chapter unpacks the philosophical elaboration of the commodity that Marx offers in Chapter 1 of Capital, and its implications for animals who enter production as a raw material. Animals here are “fabricated” in particular ways: both made to appear as having a use value for production and simultaneously established as a form of currency that highlights human supremacy. Within the sphere of consumption, animals circulate as animal products. They function within the biopolitics of the reproduction of human populations, and in this sense participate, in “the reproduction of reproduction.” Animal products exist as an object of human wages and thus their availability is determined by prevailing living standards; this view allows us to appraise both the relation of animal-based food consumption to the politics of freedom under capitalism, but also simultaneously, position and problematise the politics of veganism.
Argentine Gothic-Noir Fusion in The Black Vampire
Authors: Harrison Osvaldo Di Paolo , Olmedo Nadina 
Published: May 2024

Gothic-noir fusion in the context of national tensions over notions of civilisation vs. barbarism in Argentina of the 1950s ground Osvaldo Di Paolo Harrison and Nadina Olmedo’s reading of Román Viñoly Barreto’s El vampiro negro (The Black Vampire, 1953). Generally considered a remake of Fritz Lang’s M (1931), The Black Vampire combines psychological horror with the detective film to provide a problematic moral guide to national norms of citizenship.
Performance based concrete quality assessment with gas permeability testing on site
Authors: Ptacek Lisa , Strauss Alfred , Grba Damjan , Sattler Fabian , Macha Makrini , Kosta Angeliki , Marchtrenker Stefan , Boisits Philip , Manninger Tanja , Krispel Stefan , Kleiser Michael , Hausenberger Rainer , Torrent Roberto 
Published: May 2024

In terms of sustainability and durability, performance-based design is becoming increasingly important for the quality assessment of concrete structures. Up to now, prescriptive approaches for concrete composition and processing and the determination of concrete strength on cast samples have primarily been used as quality assurance. As this does not take into account the quality and pore structure of the as-built concrete cover, which has a significant influence on durability as a protective zone against penetrating media, the conventional approach to quality control is not representative for this zone. In particular, the permeability of the concrete cover, which is largely dependent on the pore structure, is responsible for the ability of aggressive substances from the environment to ingress into the concrete and, depending on its quality, determines damage processes in the reinforced concrete, such as carbonation. For this reason, investigations to gas permeability on real structures are presented here, which include the possibilities and limitations of measuring and evaluating gas permeability as a durability indicator. Long-term observation was carried out on concrete walls of a motorway construction site, from a young concrete age of 14 days to a higher age of max. 800 days, in order to determine changes in the material structure of the surface area and to analyse their influence on the gas permeability. The concrete walls were treated in advance during hydration up to an age of 7 days with different curing times and types in order to simulate good, medium and poor concrete surfaces. Clear differences in the quality of the concrete cover could already be determined by means of gas permeability. The influence of the surface structure, the effect of the environment and the long-term development of the concrete structure on the permeability are also addressed in this work.
Assessing the relationship between levator palpebrae superioris and thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy using the Dixon-T2WI sequence
Authors: Liu Dan , Duan Yongbo , Huang Kai , Song Cheng , Ouyang Yufeng , Lin Xiaoxin , Shen Jie , Chen Haixiong 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe current clinical practice lacks sufficient objective indicators for evaluating thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). This study aims to quantitatively assess TAO by evaluating levator palpebrae superioris (LPS) using Dixon-T2WI.MethodsThe retrospective study included 231 eyes (119 patients) in the TAO group and 78 eyes (39 volunteers) in the normal group. Dixon-T2WI provided data on maximum thickness of LPS (LPS_T) and signal intensity ratio (LPS_SIR) between the muscle and ipsilateral brain white matter. TAO diagnosis and assessment of its activity and severity were quantitatively determined using LPS_T and LPS_SIR.ResultsIn the TAO group, LPS_T and LPS_SIR were higher than those in the normal group (p &lt; 2.2e-16). The upper lid retraction (ULR) ≥ 2 mm group exhibited higher LPS_T and LPS_SIR compared to the ULR &lt; 2 mm and normal groups. Optimal diagnostic performance was achieved with an AUC of 0.91 for LPS_T (cutoff: 1.505 mm) and 0.81 for LPS_SIR (cutoff: 1.170). LPS_T (p = 2.8e-07) and LPS_SIR (p = 3.9e-12) in the active phase were higher than in the inactive phase. LPS_T and LPS_SIR showed differences among the mild, moderate-to-severe, and sight-threatening groups (p &lt; 0.05). ROC showed an AUC of 0.70 for LPS_T (cutoff: 2.095 mm) in judging the active phase, and 0.78 for LPS_SIR (cutoff: 1.129). For judging the moderate-to-severe and above, AUC was 0.76 for LPS_T (cutoff: 2.095 mm) and 0.78 for LPS_SIR (cutoff: 1.197).ConclusionThe maximum thickness and SIR of LPS provide imaging indicators for assisting in the diagnosis and quantitative evaluation of TAO.
Correlation of cardiometabolic index and sarcopenia with cardiometabolic multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adult: a prospective study
Authors: He Ling , Lin Chuyang , Tu Yansong , Yang Yazhi , Lin Ming , Tu Huaijun , Li Jian 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundResearch has demonstrated that sarcopenia and visceral obesity are significant risk factors for chronic disease in middle-aged and older adults. However, the relationship between sarcopenia, the cardiac metabolic index (CMI), a novel measure of visceral obesity, and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) remains unclear. In this study, data from the China Longitudinal Study of Health and Retirement (CHARLS) were analyzed to investigate the association between sarcopenia and CMI with CMM in the middle-aged and older adult population.MethodsThe study included 4,959 participants aged 45 and over. Sarcopenia was defined using the criteria of the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group 2019. CMM is defined as having two or more of the following conditions: physician-diagnosed heart disease, diabetes, stroke, and/or hypertension. CMI was calculated using the formula: CMI = (TG/HDL-C) × WHtR. To explore the association between CMI and sarcopenia and CMM, cox proportional risk regression models were used.ResultsThe median age of all participants was 57 years, with 47.1% being male. Over the 8-year follow-up, 1,362 individuals developed CMM. The incidence of CMM was 8.7/1,000 person-years in the group without sarcopenia or high CMI, 17.37/1,000 person-years in those with high CMI, 14.22/1,000 person-years in the sarcopenia group, and 22.34/1,000 person-years in the group with both conditions. After adjusting for covariates, the group with both sarcopenia and high CMI had a significantly increased risk of CMM (HR 2.48, 95% CI 1.12-5.51) and heart disease (HR 2.04, 95% CI 1.05-3.98). Among those over 65 years, sarcopenia was discovered to be associated with an increased risk of CMM [HR (95% CI: 4.83 (1.22, 19.06)]. The risk of CMM was further increased to 7.31-fold (95% CI:1.72, 31.15) when combined with high CMI.ConclusionsThe combination of sarcopenia and high CMI is associated with an increased risk of developing CMM. Early identification and intervention of sarcopenia and CMI not only enable the development of targeted therapeutic strategies but also provide potential opportunities to reduce the morbidity and mortality of CMM.
Effectiveness of resistance training in modulating inflammatory biomarkers among Asian patients with sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xue Jingxian , Han Xi , Zheng Yan , Zhang Qiuxia , Kong Lingyu 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveGiven the high incidence of sarcopenia among Asians, it is imperative to identify appropriate intervention methods. The International Clinical Practice Guidelines for Sarcopenia, developed by the International Conference on Sarcopenia and Frailty Research (ICFSR) task force, recommends resistance training (RT) as a primary treatment for managing sarcopenia. Inflammatory biomarkers serve as indicators of sarcopenia. However, there is currently insufficient conclusive evidence regarding the effectiveness of RT in modulating inflammatory biomarker levels among Asian participants with sarcopenia.Data sourcesFour databases were utilized for this study until October 9, 2023. This study focused on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the effects of RT on interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) about sarcopenia. This study has been registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42024501855).ResultsThe meta-analysis included six studies from Asians involving 278 participants. The results showed a significant decrease in RT for IL-6 (weighted mean difference (WMD) = -0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) = -1.02 to -0.44; n=5). However, no significant differences were found for TNF-α (WMD = -1.00, 95% CI = -2.47 to 0.46; n=5), CRP (WMD = -0.45, 95% CI = -1.14 to 0.23; n=3), and IL-10 (WMD = 0.13, 95% CI = -3.99 to 4.25; n=2). Subgroup analysis revealed that factors including gender selection, intervention methods, frequency, period, and duration could have a particular effect on the part of inflammatory biomarkers.ConclusionRT has been shown to reduce part of the level of inflammatory markers, specifically IL-6, in Asian sarcopenia participants. However, other inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α, CRP, and IL-10, did not show significant changes. Further research should confirm the impact of RT on these indicators and explore the potential effects of various factors on different inflammatory markers, such as diet, body composition, and medications.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=501855, identifier CRD42024501855.
Identification of the inhibition mechanism of carbonic anhydrase II by fructooligosaccharides
Authors: Mu Yue , Meng Qingyang , Fan Xinyi , Xi Shuyun , Xiong Zhongli , Wang Yihua , Huang Yanling , Liu Zhen 
Published: May 2024

Polygonatum sibiricum (P. sibiricum), recognized as a precious nourishing Chinese traditional medicine, exhibits the pharmacological effect of anti-aging. In this work, we proposed a novel mechanism underlying this effect related to the less studied bioactive compounds fructooligosaccharides in P. sibiricum (PFOS) to identify the inhibition effect of the small glycosyl molecules on the age-related zinc metalloprotease carbonic anhydrase II (CA II). Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were used to investigate the structural and energetic properties of the complex systems consisting of the CA II enzyme and two possible structures of PFOS molecules (PFOS-A and PFOS-B). The binding affinity of PFOS-A (−7.27 ± 1.02 kcal/mol) and PFOS-B (−8.09 ± 1.75 kcal/mol) shows the spontaneity of the binding process and the stability of the combination in the solvent. Based on the residue energy decomposition and nonbonded interactions analysis, the C-, D- and G-sheet fragments of the CA II were found to be crucial in binding process. Van der Waals interactions form on the hydrophobic surface of CAII mainly with 131PHE and 135VAL, while hydrogen bonds form on the hydrophilic surface mainly with 67ASN and 92GLN. The binding of PFOS results in the blocking of the zinc ions pocket and then inhibiting its catalytic activity, the stability of which has been further demonstrated by free energy landscape. These findings provide evidence of the effective inhibition of PFOS to CA II enzyme, which leads to a novel direction for exploring the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine focused on small molecule fructooligosaccharides.
Case report: Difficult diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: two case reports and a literature review
Authors: Liu Zhenghua , Cai Dali , Su Nan 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundMycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) is a relatively infrequent infection encountered during hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). The identification of MTB following HSCT remains a complex task, with delayed detection and misdiagnosis potentially resulting in unfavorable outcomes. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) represents a novel, highly sensitive, and rapid diagnostic tool in clinical settings for discerning intricate infections and detecting exceedingly rare pathogensMethodsWith the aid of mNGS, we diagnosed MTB in the lymph nodes and lungs of two patients with hematological diseases following allogeneic peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Both patients presented with a fever, localized symptoms, and clinical signs. Following inconclusive results from routine tests, impractical biopsy procedures, and unsuccessful responses to empirical treatments, mNGS was employed as a final recourse, revealing DNA fragments of MTB in blood samples.ResultsThe diagnoses were ultimately confirmed in conjunction with additional clinical evidence. The application of mNGS in MTB cases after allogeneic HSCT has rarely been reported. The mNGS technique can provide a prompt and highly sensitive indication leading to the definitive diagnosis of MTB in complex post-transplant scenarios.
Effect of different treatment modalities on the prognosis of patients with stage IIIC cervical cancer
Authors: Su Xiaoman , Huang Jiazhen , Wang Ning 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of different treatments on the prognosis of patients with stage IIIC cervical cancer and to identify the main influencing factors to predict the outcomes of patients.MethodsIn this study, a total of 1763 patients with stage IIIC cervical cancer from 2010-2015 were retrospectively analyzed, and these patients were divided into the radical radiotherapy ± chemotherapy group (877 patients) and the radical surgery + radiotherapy ± chemotherapy group (886 patients) according to the treatment methods. The survival differences between the two groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. Unifactorial and multifactorial COX analyses screened the clinical factors affecting the prognosis. The nomogram was constructed, and the accuracy of the line graph was verified using the C-index, calibration, and ROC (receiver operator characteristic curve, ROC).ResultsAge, race, T-stage, pathologic type, mass size, whether or not they underwent surgery, and whether or not they received radiotherapy were independent factors affecting Overall Survival (OS). For all patients with TxN1M0 in cervical cancer stage IIIC, radical synchronized radiotherapy was better than the radical surgery group (p&lt;0.0001). After comparing the tumor size breakdown, it could be found that in the T1N1M0, T2N1M0, and T3N1M0 groups, none of the OS in the surgical group achieved an improvement in OS compared with that in the non-surgical group (p&gt;0.05).ConclusionIn patients with stage IIIC cervical cancer, OS did not improve in the radical surgery group compared with the radical simultaneous radiotherapy group. And surgery did not benefit patients’ survival regardless of tumor size.
Global burden of disease study analysis of thyroid cancer burden across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Dou Zhili , Shi Yanyan , Jia Jinzhu 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to assess the burden of thyroid cancer over the course of 30 years in 204 countries and territories.MethodsData from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 database was analyzed to extract information on prevalence, deaths, DALYs(disability-adjusted life-years), YLL(years of life los), YLD(years lived with disability), and their corresponding age-standardized rates at global, regional, and national levels. The primary focus of the study was to examine trends in thyroid cancer from 1990 to 2019, specifically looking at the Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) for ASPR, ASDR, and ASDR. Additionally, the study investigated the relationship between cancer burden and the Socio-Demographic Index (SDI).ResultsGlobally, there will be approximately 18.3 million thyroid cancer (TC) cases in 2019; China and the USA are projected to be the most significant with 310,327 and 220,711 cases (16.17 and 14.82 cases per 100,000 people, respectively).Over the period from 1990 to 2019, age-standardized prevalence rates exhibited a global rise, whereas deaths and DALYs saw a decrease(EAPC:1.63, –0.15- –0.14, respectively). Significantly, the age-standardized prevalence rate increased in 21 GBD regions, affecting 195 out of 204 countries or territories. Over the studied period, thyroid cancer cases, deaths, and DALYs were consistently higher among females than males. Furthermore, a higher Socio-demographic Index was associated with increased age-standardized prevalence rates.
Safety assessment of tranexamic acid: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database
Authors: Tian Ningsheng , Sun Yuxin , Liu Yingying , Jin Jie , Chen Shuai , Han Huawei , Zhang Ying , Li Zhiwei 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIn recent years, with the continuous expansion of the application scope of Tranexamic acid (TXA), its usage has surged. Despite numerous studies demonstrating its powerful efficacy, concerns regarding its adverse reactions persist, necessitating comprehensive safety assessment. This study analyzed real-world data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to investigate TXA-related adverse events, aiming to elucidate its safety and optimize patient treatment.MethodsThe adverse drug event data concerning TXA from 2004 Q1 to 2023 Q3 were collected. Following data standardization, a variety of signal quantification techniques, including the reporting odds ratios, proportional reporting ratios, Bayesian confidence propagation neural network, and empirical Bayes geometric mean were used for analysis.ResultsAfter analyzing 16,692,026 adverse event reports, a total of 1,574 cases of adverse events related to TXA were identified, spanning 23 system organ classes and 307 preferred terms. In addition to the common thrombosis-related Vascular disorders (n = 386) and Cardiac disorders (n = 377), adverse reactions in the Nervous system disorders category were also observed (n = 785), including Myoclonus (n = 70), Status epilepticus (n = 43), and Myoclonic epilepsy (n = 17). Furthermore, this study uncovered adverse effects such as Renal cortical necrosis, Hepatic cyst rupture, and Vascular stent stenosis, which were not previously mentioned in the instructions. Although these occurred infrequently, they exhibited high signal strength. Both Retinal artery occlusion and Vascular stent thrombosis disorder were frequent and exhibited high signal strength as well. It is worth noting that 78 cases of adverse reactions were caused by confusion between incorrect product administration.ConclusionOur research suggests that TXA has some adverse reactions that are being overlooked. As a cornerstone medication in hemorrhage treatment, it’s crucial to monitor, identify, and address these adverse reactions effectively.