bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Light‐Induced Dynamic Activation of Copper/Silicon Interface for Highly Selective Carbon Dioxide Reduction
Authors: Wang Jiali , Lai Tai Ying , Lin Han‐Ting , Kuo Tsung‐Rong , Chen Hsiao‐Chien , Tseng Chun‐Sheng , Tung Ching‐Wei , Chien Chia‐Ying , Chen Hao Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNumerous studies have shown a fact that phase transformation and/or reconstruction are likely to occur and play crucial roles in electrochemical scenarios. Nevertheless, a decisive factor behind the diverse photoelectrochemical activity and selectivity of various copper/silicon photoelectrodes is still largely debated and missing in the community, especially the possibly dynamic behaviors of metal catalyst/semiconductor interface. Herein, through in situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope, a model system of Cu nanocrystals with well‐defined facets on black p‐type silicon (BSi) is unprecedentedly demonstrated to reveal the dynamic phase transformation of forming irreversible silicide at Cu nanocrystal‐BSi interface during photoelectrocatalysis, which is validated to originate from the atomic interdiffusion between Cu and Si driven by light‐induced dynamic activation process. Significantly, the adaptive junction at Cu−Si interface is activated by an expansion of interatomic Cu−Cu distance for CO2 electroreduction, which efficiently restricts the C−C coupling pathway but strengthens the bonding with key intermediate of *CHO for CH4 yield, resulting in a remarkable 16‐fold improvement in the product ratio of CH4/C2 products and an intriguing selectivity switch. This work offers new insights into dynamic structural transformations of metal/semiconductor junction and design of highly efficient catalysts toward photosynthesis.
Lead‐Chelating Intermediate for Air‐Processed Phase‐Pure FAPbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Shiheng , Miao Zhipeng , Yang Jing , Gu Zhenkun , Li Pengwei , Zhang Yiqiang , Song Yanlin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFormamidinium‐lead triiodide (FAPbI3) perovskite holds promise as a prime candidate in the realm of perovskite photovoltaics. However, the photo‐active α‐FAPbI3 phase, existing as a metastable state, is observable solely at elevated temperatures and is susceptible to degradation into the δ‐phase in ambient air. Therefore, the attainment of phase‐stable α‐FAPbI3 in ambient conditions has become a crucial objective in perovskite research. Here, we proposed an efficient conversion process of PbI2 into the α‐FAPbI3 perovskites in ambient air. This conversion was facilitated by the introduction of chelating molecules, which interacted with PbI2 to form an intermediate phase. Due to the reduced formation barrier resulting from the altered reaction pathway, this stable intermediate phase transitioned directly into α‐FAPbI3 upon the deposition of the organic cation solution, effectively bypassing the formation of δ‐FAPbI3. Consequently, the ambient‐fabricated FAPbI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibited an outstanding power conversion efficiency of 25.08 %, along with a high open‐circuit voltage of 1.19 V. Furthermore, the unencapsulated devices demonstrated remarkable environmental stability. Notably, this innovative approach promises broad applicability across various chelating molecules, opening new avenues for further progress in the ambient air fabrication of FAPbI3 PSCs.
Efficient Electrosynthesis of Urea over Single‐Atom Alloy with Electronic Metal Support Interaction
Authors: Zhan Peng , Zhuang Jinjie , Yang Shuai , Li Xuechun , Chen Xuehan , Wen Tian , Lu Lu , Qin Peiyong , Han Buxing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUrea electrosynthesis from carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrate (NO3−) is an alternative approach to traditional energy‐intensive urea synthesis technology. Herein, we report a CuAu single‐atom alloy (SAA) with electronic metal support interaction (EMSI), achieving a high urea yield rate of 813.6 μg h−1 mgcat−1 at −0.94 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE) and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 45.2 % at −0.74 V vs. RHE. In situ experiments and theoretical calculations demonstrated that single‐atom Cu sites modulate the adsorption behavior of intermediate species. Bimetallic sites synergistically accelerate C−N bond formation through spontaneous coupling of *CO and *NO to form *ONCO as key intermediates. More importantly, electronic metal support interaction between CuAu SAA and CeO2 carrier further modulates electron structure and interfacial microenvironment, endowing electrocatalysts with superior activity and durability. This work constructs SAA electrocatalysts with EMSI effect to tailor C−N coupling at the atomic level, which can provide guidance for the development of C−N coupling systems.
The spread of injectate after deep serratus anterior plane and superficial parasternal intercostal plane blocks: a cadaveric dye study
Authors: Perez‐Herrero M. A. , Fajardo M. , Galluccio F. , Yamak Altinpulluk E. , Espinoza K. 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWe investigated the distribution of injected dye after deep serratus anterior plane and superficial parasternal intercostal plane blocks in 15 Thiel embalmed cadavers. We injected 0.4 ml.kg−1of 0.25% aqueous methylene blue solution into the deep serratus anterior and superficial parasternal intercostal planes using real‐time ultrasound needle visualisation followed by posterior dissection to observe the distribution of the injected dye in the chest wall. The two blocks were performed bilaterally in 15 cadavers at the T5/T6 level, comprising 60 blocks in 30 hemithoraces in total. At dissection, the intercostal nerve territories were observed to be dyed completely from T2 to T6 in 28 of 30 hemithoraces, and extending caudal to T6 in 10 hemithoraces. Following the deep serratus anterior plane blocks in all cadavers, the dye was found to have spread to the axillae. Following the superficial parasternal intercostal plane blocks, the dye reached T7 in four cadaver dissections. We concluded that the territories innervated by the intercostal nerves (T2–T6 dermatomes) are dyed following the combination of the two blocks when performed at the T5–T6 intercostal space level. These techniques might provide an effective option for anaesthesia in breast surgery.
Study on a novel epoxy‐terminated dendritic modifier as an active toughening agent for epoxy resin
Authors: Zhang Xiongfei , Li Pengyun , Huang Dan , Shi Xiang , Shi Yana , Qu Chunxiao , Tan Qianya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough significant efforts have been undertaken to explore the toughening of epoxy resins, it remains challenges to establish a simple and effective toughening technique which does not compromise its strength, thermal stability and processing performance. In this paper, toluene‐diisocyanate‐trimer (TDI‐T) was utilized to manufacture a novel epoxy‐terminated dendritic modifier TDI‐T glycol diglycidyl ether (TDI‐T GLDE). When the addition of TDI‐T GLDE reaches 20% of the resin mass, the tensile strength, tensile elongation, compressive strength and impact strength were increased by 28.1%, 75%, 24.8%, and 138.0% respectively, compared to E‐51. The thermal properties of the samples have been improved, including an increased glass transition temperature (Tg) from 68.2 to 73.2°C, as well as an increase in the initial decomposition temperature from 240.6 to 257.7°C. The toughening mechanism of TDI‐T GLDE was studied through a combination of mechanical performance tests, thermal performance tests, and resin fracture surface morphology analysis.
Assessment of property profile of post‐industrial polypropylene recyclates through a multivariable recycling process
Authors: Akhras Mohamad Hassan , Marschik Christian , Chung Chi Nghia , Traxler Ines , Kruta Konstanze , Kloiber Karin , Fischer Joerg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study provides key insights into the extrusion of a post‐industrial feedstock primarily composed of polypropylene (PP) and reveals its influence on the property profile of the recyclate. The objective of this study was to gain a fundamental understanding of complex process‐property relationships. Therefore, a two‐part experimental design was established. The first part aimed to analyze the feedstock variability by investigating key material properties of recyclates produced under constant processing conditions. The second part aimed to systematically evaluate the effect of the screw speed, filtration setup, and degassing setup on the properties of the recyclates. An industrial‐scale recycling extrusion line was used. The material evaluation included melt mass‐flow rate (MFR), ash content, oxidation induction temperature, tensile and impact properties, degassing performance, and residual volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Higher melt temperatures led to chain scission of the PP fraction, resulting in increased MFR and higher material stiffness. Additionally, a finer filtration positively contributed to the enhanced material stiffness. Furthermore, the mechanical properties were also influenced by the levels of inorganic fillers in the material composition of the feedstock. Finally, the filtration setup had a greater impact on degassing performance and residual VOC levels than the degassing setup and screw speed.
Injectable pH‐ and Ultrasound‐Responsive Dual‐Crosslinked Dextran/Chitosan/TiO2 Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Yan Chen‐Jie , Yang Su‐Rung , Yeh Yi‐Cheun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCombining exogenous and endogenous antibacterial mechanisms has been demonstrated to enhance therapeutic efficacy significantly. This study constructs an innovative type of exogenous and endogenous antibacterial nanocomposite hydrogels with injectable dual‐crosslinked networks and dual‐stimuli responsiveness. The primary network establishes imine bonds between the functionalized dextran featuring norbornenes and aldehydes (NorAld‐Dex) and the quaternized chitosan (QCS). The imine bonds provide self‐healing, injectability, and pH‐responsiveness to the hydrogel network. The secondary network is established by integrating thiolated mesoporous silica‐coated titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2@MS‐SH) into the hydrogel network via an ultrasound‐activated thiol‐norbornene reaction with NorAld‐Dex. The microstructures and properties of NorAld‐Dex/QCS/TiO2@MS‐SH hydrogels can be fine‐tuned by adjusting the sonication time to increase the amount of thiol‐norbornene crosslinks in the network. Effective antibacterial performance of NorAld‐Dex/QCS/TiO2@MS‐SH hydrogels at low pH has been demonstrated with the synergistic effect of the acid‐induced dissociation of the hydrogel network, protonated QCS, and the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by TiO2@MS‐SH nanoparticles under ultrasound irradiation. In summary, NorAld‐Dex/QCS/TiO2@MS‐SH nanocomposite hydrogel is an advanced dual stimuli‐responsive antibacterial platform with customizable microstructures and properties, offering great potential for biomedical applications.
A Rapid Total Bacterial Count Method for Food Samples using Syringe Filters and Lectin‐Conjugated Semiconductor Nanorods
Authors: Sutarlie Laura , Chee Heng Li , Ow Sian Yang , Su Xiaodi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTotal bacterial count in food is one of important food safety criteria. The current plate count method (Heterotrophic Plate Count) for food analysis requires microbiology lab facilities and at least 2 days turnover time. We developed a rapid fluorescence‐based total bacterial count method that utilises semiconductor nanorods (SNRs) conjugated with a lectin Griffonia simplicifolia II (GSII‐SNRs) to stain bacterial cells captured on syringe filters, via the common N‐acetylglucosamine molecules on bacterial cell wall. This “Filter‐and‐Stain” detection method has a rapid turnover time of 20 min. The fluorescence emission can be seen under UV light with minimum interference from food sample background. The fluorescence intensity quantified through image analysis is proportional to the bacterial concentration with a limit of detection of 1000 CFU/mL, for total bacterial count assessment in food safety. Moreover, the GSII‐SNRs do not bind to heat inactivated bacterial cells, and thus can differentiate live and dead bacteria. Our method has been validated with representative food (coffee powder, raw spinach leaves, and ready‐to‐eat tomato salsa) to demonstrate its high potential for on‐site food safety assessment, especially in places with no immediate access to microbiology labs.
Metal‐Induced Enhancement of Tetrel Bonding. The Case of C⋅⋅⋅X−IrIII (X=Cl, Br) Tetrel Bond Involving a Methyl Group
Authors: Gusak Mikhail Yu. , Kinzhalov Mikhail A. , Frontera Antonio , Bokach Nadezhda A. , Kukushkin Vadim Yu. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn X‐ray structures of the isomorphic mer‐[IrX3(THT)(CNXyl)2] (X=Cl 1, Br 2; THT=tetrahydrothiophene; Xyl=2,6‐Me2C6H3−) complexes, we revealed short intermolecular contacts between the C‐atom of an isocyanide methyl group and halide ligands of another molecule. Geometrical consideration of the X‐ray data and analysis of appropriate DFT studies allowed the attribution of these contacts to CMe⋅⋅⋅X−IrIII (X=Cl, Br) tetrel bond. Specifically, through the application of DFT calculations and various theoretical models, the presence of tetrel bonding interactions was validated, and the contribution of the CMe⋅⋅⋅X−IrIII interaction was assessed. The reinforcement of the tetrel bond upon the isocyanide coordination to iridium(III) is substantiated by molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface calculations. To distinguish the tetrel bonding characteristics of CMe⋅⋅⋅X−IrIII (X=Cl, Br) interactions from conventional hydrogen bonding, we employed multiple computational methodologies, including Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis and Electron Localization Function (ELF) analysis. Additionally, Energy Decomposition Analysis (EDA) was applied to selected model systems to explore the underlying physical nature of these interactions.
K‐Fuse: Credit card fraud detection based on a classification method with a priori class partitioning and a novel feature selection strategy
Authors: Sabri Mohammed , Verde Rosanna , Balzanella Antonio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOnline transactions have become the dominant and most popular form of online payment in today's digital economy. Due to the growing popularity of e‐commerce and the convenience it offers, both consumers and businesses are rapidly adopting online transactions. Notably, credit cards have become one of the most popular and standard online payment methods. However, it should be noted that credit card transactions are not without challenges. In particular, detecting and preventing fraudulent transactions is a major concern of the online payment system. It is difficult to find an effective detection model that can detect the new patterns created by fraudsters, due to the constant evolution of their methods to exploit the vulnerability of current security protocols. These fraud patterns are evolving and may not correspond to existing documented models, leading to a reduction in their identification. In addition, the customer's behavior can affect the model detection as it is susceptible to change based on factors such as economic conditions, trends, and individual circumstances. When consumers deviate from their typical behavior, the model may generate false alerts, thereby reducing its ability to differentiate between legitimate and fraudulent transactions. This article presents a new supervised detection model, called K‐Fuse, which introduces an unsupervised phase in order to detect fraud patterns that may correspond to innovative models introduced by fraudsters. K‐Fuse is a supervised classification method that fuses three steps consisting of (i)
unsupervised clustering to identify hidden patterns of transactions in a dataset, (ii) a novel feature selection criterion based on the unsupervised results, and (iii) supervised classification to exploit the results of clustering and feature selection to predict new transactions as fraudulent or legitimate.
A nonparametric proportional risk model to assess a treatment effect in time‐to‐event data
Authors: Ameis Lucia , Kuss Oliver , Hoyer Annika , Möllenhoff Kathrin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTime‐to‐event analysis often relies on prior parametric assumptions, or, if a semiparametric approach is chosen, Cox's model. This is inherently tied to the assumption of proportional hazards, with the analysis potentially invalidated if this assumption is not fulfilled. In addition, most interpretations focus on the hazard ratio, that is often misinterpreted as the relative risk (RR), the ratio of the cumulative distribution functions. In this paper, we introduce an alternative to current methodology for assessing a treatment effect in a two‐group situation, not relying on the proportional hazards assumption but assuming proportional risks. Precisely, we propose a new nonparametric model to directly estimate the RR of two groups to experience an event under the assumption that the risk ratio is constant over time. In addition to this relative measure, our model allows for calculating the number needed to treat as an absolute measure, providing the possibility of an easy and holistic interpretation of the data. We demonstrate the validity of the approach by means of a simulation study and present an application to data from a large randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of dapagliflozin on all‐cause mortality.
A simple and sensitive ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the quantitative analysis of VX‐548 in monkey plasma: Method validation and application to pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Zhang Huiying , Chen Yonggang , Huang Jing , Sun Wenfei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVX‐548 is an orally active and highly selective NaV 1.8 inhibitor that is undergoing development for the treatment of acute pain. The aim of this study was to develop a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometric (LC–MS/MS) method for the measurement of VX‐548 in monkey plasma. VX‐548 was extracted from the plasma using acetonitrile‐mediated protein precipitation. The quantitative analysis was performed on a Thermo Vantage TSQ mass spectrometer with ibrutinib as an internal standard. Chromatography was performed on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 column with 0.1% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The precursor‐to‐product ion transitions were m/z 474.2 > 165.0 and m/z 441.2 > 138.1 for VX‐548 and internal standard, respectively. This developed method was successfully validated in the concentration range of 1–1000 ng/mL. The calibration curve showed excellent linearity with a correlation coefficient of >0.999. The precision expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) was <8.4%, whereas the accuracy denoted as relative error (RE) ranged from −5.0% to 9.1%. The mean recovery was >84%. VX‐548 was stable in monkey plasma after storage under certain conditions. The validated method was successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of VX‐548 in monkey plasma after single oral (2 mg/kg) and intravenous (1 mg/kg) administrations.
Influence of corporate social responsibility and ethical leadership on employees' affective commitment: Evidence from the hospitality industry in Vietnam
Authors: Tran Nguyen Khanh Hai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper intends to evaluate the relationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR), ethical leadership (EL), job satisfaction (JS), and affective commitment (AC). Filtered and entered Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and Amos is a powerful structural equation modeling software helping support research and theories, the data were gathered from 432 participants in Vietnam's hospitality sector. According to study findings, CSR and EL positively impact AC and JS among employees. Moreover, JS is also a vital component that has influenced employees' AC. The study results have managerial implications for improving JS and strengthening the correlation of employees' AC.
Effect of sustained measurable residue disease negativity and post‐remission treatment selection on the prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults
Authors: Yu Jiechen , Luo Yanrong , Wang Libing , Wang Tao , Ye Mingyu , Chen Jie , Ni Xiong , Chen Li , Gao Lei , Yang Jianmin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo explore the effects of monitoring measurable residual disease and post‐remission treatment selection on the clinical outcomes of B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B‐ALL) in adults.MethodsBetween September 2010 and January 2022, adult patients with B‐ALL who received combination chemotherapy, with or without allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT), were included in the retrospective study, which was approved by the Ethics Committee and the observation of Declaration of Helsinki conditions.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐three B‐ALL patients achieved complete remission (CR) were included in the study, of whom 94 patients (65.7%) received allo‐HSCT in first complete remission (CR1).Multivariate analysis showed that the most powerful factors affecting OS were transplantation (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.540, p = 0.037) and sustained measurable residue disease (MRD) negativity (HR = 0.508, p = 0.037). The subgroup analysis showed that the prognosis of the allo‐HSCT group was better than that of the chemotherapy group, regardless of whether MRD was negative or positive after two courses of consolidation therapy. After consolidation therapy, the prognosis of patients with positive MRD remained significantly better in the allo‐HSCT group than in the chemotherapy group. However, no significant difference was observed in the prognosis between the allo‐HSCT and chemotherapy groups with negative MRD after consolidation therapy.ConclusionsB‐ALL patients who achieve sustained MRD negativity during consolidation therapy have excellent long‐term outcomes even without allo‐HSCT. Allo‐HSCT is associated with a significant benefit in terms of OS and DFS for patients who were with positive MRD during consolidation therapy.
DSANet: A lightweight hybrid network for human action recognition in virtual sports
Authors: Xiao Zhiyong , Yu Feng , Liu Li , Peng Tao , Hu Xinrong , Jiang Minghua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHuman activity recognition (HAR) has significant potential in virtual sports applications. However, current HAR networks often prioritize high accuracy at the expense of practical application requirements, resulting in networks with large parameter counts and computational complexity. This can pose challenges for real‐time and efficient recognition. This paper proposes a hybrid lightweight DSANet network designed to address the challenges of real‐time performance and algorithmic complexity. The network utilizes a multi‐scale depthwise separable convolutional (Multi‐scale DWCNN) module to extract spatial information and a multi‐layer Gated Recurrent Unit (Multi‐layer GRU) module for temporal feature extraction. It also incorporates an improved channel‐space attention module called RCSFA to enhance feature extraction capability. By leveraging channel, spatial, and temporal information, the network achieves a low number of parameters with high accuracy. Experimental evaluations on UCIHAR, WISDM, and PAMAP2 datasets demonstrate that the network not only reduces parameter counts but also achieves accuracy rates of 97.55%, 98.99%, and 98.67%, respectively, compared to state‐of‐the‐art networks. This research provides valuable insights for the virtual sports field and presents a novel network for real‐time activity recognition deployment in embedded devices.