bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The essential role of aggregation for the emulsifying ability of a fungal CYS-rich protein
Authors: Pitocchi Rossana , Cicatiello Paola , Illiano Anna , Fontanarosa Carolina , Spina Federica , Varese Giovanna Cristina , Amoresano Angela , Piscitelli Alessandra , Giardina Paola 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Biosurfactants are in demand by the global market as natural commodities suitable for incorporation into commercial products or utilization in environmental applications. Fungi are promising producers of these molecules and have garnered interest also for their metabolic capabilities in efficiently utilizing recalcitrant and complex substrates, like hydrocarbons, plastic, etc. Within this framework, biosurfactants produced by two Fusarium solani fungal strains, isolated from plastic waste-contaminated landfill soils, were analyzed. Mycelia of these fungi were grown in the presence of 5% olive oil to drive biosurfactant production. The characterization of the emulsifying and surfactant capacity of these extracts highlighted that two different components are involved. A protein was purified and identified as a CFEM (common in fungal extracellular membrane) containing domain, revealing a good propensity to stabilize emulsions only in its aggregate form. On the other hand, an unidentified cationic smaller molecule exhibits the ability to reduce surface tension. Based on the 3D structural model of the protein, a plausible mechanism for the formation of very stable aggregates, endowed with the emulsifying ability, is proposed.

Key points
• Two Fusarium solani strains are analyzed for their surfactant production.
• A cationic surfactant is produced, exhibiting the ability to remarkably reduce surface tension.
• An identified protein reveals a good propensity to stabilize emulsions only in its aggregate form.
Thoracoscopic primary repair is useful for esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in neonates with low body weight
Authors: Gohda Yousuke , Uchida Hiroo , Shirota Chiyoe , Tainaka Takahisa , Sumida Wataru , Makita Satoshi , Satomi Miwa , Yasui Akihiro , Kanou Yoko , Nakagawa Yoichi , Kato Daiki , Maeda Takuya , Guo Yaohui , Liu Jiahui , Ishii Hiroki , Ota Kazuki , Hinoki Akinari 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The surgical indication of thoracoscopic primary repair for esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula is under debate. The current study aimed to investigate the outcome of thoracoscopic primary repair for esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula in patients weighing < 2000 g and those who underwent emergency surgery at the age of 0 day.

Methods
The surgical outcomes were compared between patients weighing < 2000 g and those weighing > 2000 g at surgery and between patients who underwent surgery at the age of 0 day and those who underwent surgery at age ≥ 1 day.

Results
In total, 43 patients underwent thoracoscopic primary repair for esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. The surgical outcomes according to body weight were similar. Patients who underwent surgery at the age of 0 day were more likely to develop anastomotic leakage than those who underwent surgery at the age of ≥ 1 day (2 vs. 0 case, p = 0.02). Anastomotic leakage was treated with conservative therapy.

Conclusion
Thoracoscopic primary repair is safe and useful for esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula even in newborns weighing < 2000 g. However, emergency surgery at the age of 0 day should be cautiously performed due to the risk of anastomotic leakage.
Clinical validation of the accuracy of an intra-operative assessment tool using 3D ultrasound compared to histopathology in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue
Authors: Bekedam N. M. , Koot E. L. , de Cuba E. M. V. , van Alphen M. J. A. , van Veen R. L. P. , Karssemakers L. H. E. , Smeele L. E. , Karakullukcu M. B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Histopathological analysis often shows close resection margins after surgical removal of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). This study aimed to investigate the agreement between intraoperative 3D ultrasound (US) margin assessment and postoperative histopathology of resected TSCC.

Methods
In this study, ten patients were prospectively included. Three fiducial cannulas were inserted into the specimen. To acquire a motorized 3D US volume, the resected specimen was submerged in saline, after which images were acquired while the probe moved over the specimen. The US volumes were annotated twice: (1) automatically and (2) manually, with the automatic segmentation as initialization. After standardized histopathological processing, all hematoxylin-eosin whole slide images (WSI) were included for analysis. Corresponding US images were found based on the known WSI spacing and fiducials. Blinded observers measured the tumor thickness and the margin in the caudal, deep, and cranial directions on every slide. The anterior and posterior margin was measured per specimen.

Results
The mean difference in all measurements between manually segmented US and histopathology was 2.34 (SD: ±3.34) mm, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was 0.733 (p < 0.001). The smallest mean difference was in the tumor thickness with 0.80 (SD: ±2.44) mm and a correlation of 0.836 (p < 0.001). Limitations were observed in the caudal region, where no correlation was found.

Conclusion
This study shows that 3D US and histopathology have a moderate to strong statistically significant correlation (r = 0.733; p < 0.001) and a mean difference between the modalities of 2.3 mm (95%CI: -4.2; 8.9). Future research should focus on patient outcomes regarding resection margins.
Effectiveness of Ti-in-amphibole thermometry and performance of different thermometers across lower continental crust up to UHT metamorphism
Authors: Bartoli Omar , Carvalho Bruna B. , Farina Federico 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMetabasites are important constituents of deep crustal sections and are the favored rock type for studying lower crustal amphibolite to granulite transitions. However, metapelites may develop a larger number of temperature-sensitive mineral assemblages and are particular useful when extreme ultrahigh temperature (UHT) conditions are envisaged. A recent calibration of the Ti-in-amphibole thermometer by Liao et al. (2021) was supposed to make thermometry on metabasites quick and easy to apply. However, their calibration is based on experiments which were not originally designed to investigate in detail the temperature dependence of Ti in amphibole. In addition, a possible effect of aTiO2 and/or pressure on the Ti content of amphibole was not fully taken into account. This resulted in a calibration uncertainty of ± 70 °C (2σ), much higher than that of other single-mineral thermometers. In this study we firstly test the newly calibrated Ti-in-amphibole thermometer across the mid to lower crustal section of the Ivrea–Verbano Zone (IVZ; NW Italy) and compare the performance of different thermometric techniques across the sequence. Ti-in-amphibole thermometry records increasing peak temperatures from amphibolite (600–700 °C), transition (750–800 °C) and granulite (850–950 °C) zones. Titanium content of amphibole may be modified by retrograde fluid influx returning temperatures c. 200–300 °C lower than in non-altered domains. The comparison reveals that Zr-in-rutile thermometer in pelitic granulites seems to be more prone to post-peak resetting than the Ti-in-amphibole thermometry in nearby mafic rocks. This behavior is also confirmed by amphibole analyses from other UHT localities, where the performance of Ti-in-amphibole thermometry is comparable with that of Al-in-orthopyroxene in pelitic granulites. However, Ti-in-amphibole temperatures are underestimated in rutile-bearing samples and this limitation is not solely restricted to rocks containing high H2O contents as previously thought. Derived constraints on the diffusivity of Ti through amphibole demonstrate the robustness of the Ti-in-amphibole thermometer to later thermal disturbances. However, ad-hoc experiments are still necessary to improve the accuracy and precision of calibration and to extend its applicability. This advance will make mafic granulites routine targets for studies devoted to understanding the regional extent of UHT metamorphism.
The anion exchanger slc26a3 regulates colonic mucus expansion during steady state and in response to prostaglandin E2, while Cftr regulates de novo mucus release in response to carbamylcholine
Authors: Ljungholm Penny L. , Ermund Anna , Söderlund Garsveden Molly M. , Pettersson Victor L. , Gustafsson Jenny K. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryThe intestinal epithelium is covered by mucus that protects the tissue from the luminal content. Studies have shown that anion secretion via the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator (Cftr) regulates mucus formation in the small intestine. However, mechanisms regulating mucus formation in the colon are less understood. The aim of this study was to explore the role of anion transport in the regulation of mucus formation during steady state and in response to carbamylcholine (CCh) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). The broad-spectrum anion transport inhibitor 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate (DIDS), CftrdF508 (CF) mice, and the slc26a3 inhibitor SLC26A3-IN-2 were used to inhibit anion transport. In the distal colon, steady-state mucus expansion was reduced by SLC26A3-IN-2 and normal in CF mice. PGE2 stimulated mucus expansion without de novo mucus release in wild type (WT) and CF colon via slc26a3 sensitive mechanisms, while CCh induced de novo mucus secretion in WT but not in CF colon. However, when added simultaneously, CCh and PGE2 stimulated de novo mucus secretion in the CF colon via DIDS-sensitive pathways. A similar response was observed in CF ileum that responded to CCh and PGE2 with DIDS-sensitive de novo mucus secretion. In conclusion, this study suggests that slc26a3 regulates colonic mucus expansion, while Cftr regulates CCh-induced de novo mucus secretion from ileal and distal colon crypts. Furthermore, these findings demonstrate that in the absence of a functional Cftr channel, parallel stimulation with CCh and PGE2 activates additional anion transport processes that help release mucus from intestinal goblet cells.
Design cost minimization of a reinforced concrete column section using overnew swarm-based optimization algorithms
Authors: Tunca Osman , Carbas Serdar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is very tiresome for a practiser to detect the best feasible sizing design of structural members including reinforced concrete columns that is a highly nonlinear and complicated structural engineering optimization problem. This is due to such a design is practically conducted via conventional trial-and-error computing methods in which resistance to external loads, cost efficiency, and aesthetic factors, etc. have to be considered. This study focuses on minimizing the design cost of primarily proposed reinforced concrete column design problem via three overnew swarm-based optimizers such as Coati Optimization Algorithm, Fox Optimizer and Pelican Optimization Algorithm (POA) that are firstly utilized for this purpose. In this regard, the type of steel rebar distribution, the characteristic strength of the concrete, the height and width of the column section, and the number and diameter of the rebars are treated as discrete design variables of the newly proposed complex reinforced concrete column design cost optimization problem. In solution, the design requirements specified in practice code provisions should also be met. Here, Turkish Building Earthquake Code 2018 specifications are considered as practice structural design constraints. Consequently, the algorithmic performances of three overnew swarm-based metaheuristic optimization algorithms are compared and evaluated in detail. Amongst them, the POA shows most fruitful algorithmic design solution performance.
Methodik zur Analyse des Lagerringwanderns mithilfe von Ansatzvektoren
Authors: Graneß Henry 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDer Schadensmechanismus Lagerringwandern stellt Maschinenbaufirmen vor große Herausforderungen, da gängige Berechnungswerkzeuge wichtige Systemeinflüsse aufgrund hoher Berechnungszeiten nicht einbeziehen können. Der Schadensmechanismus ist damit zumeist ein unvermeidliches Problem und kann die Betriebszeit von Antrieben erheblich limitieren. Basierend auf dieser Problemstellung wird im Beitrag ein Ansatzvektorverfahren untersucht, welches mithilfe einer nichtlinearen Modellordnungsreduktion die Berechnungszeiten bisheriger Methoden reduzieren und somit den Weg zur Analyse des Lagerringwanderns innerhalb von Systemsimulationen ebnen kann. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Vorstellung des Verfahrens sowie einer grundlegenden Studie hinsichtlich Ergebnisqualität und Performanz.
Development of a measurement system to determine the circumferential force on a feather key
Authors: Chen Chen , Muhammedi Benjamin , Bäcker Dennis , Drossel Welf-Gundram , Seltmann Stephanie , Nowak Alexander , Hasse Alexander 
Published: June 2024

AbstractShaft-hub-connections are essential for the transmission of torques in drivetrains. In particular, feather key connections are frequently used due to their ease of assembly and disassembly and the resulting interchangeability. The purpose of the study is to develop a measuring system for recording the strains occurring on the feather key end face, whereby the feather key is designed as a sensor-integrated machine element. The subject of this article is the integration of a sensor into the feather key in order to record the torques transmitting across the connection. Feather keys are subjected to uneven surface pressures, which leads to complex deformation. In order to record this deformation, measurements with many strain gauges would normally be necessary. In preliminary work, the geometry of the feather key was adapted based on topology optimisation methods such that it always deforms according to a linear combination of two desired deformation modes, regardless of the surface pressure. Thus, the deformation can be recorded with just two strain gauges applied to the face of the feather key. The present work presents the development of a measurement circuit consisting of one Wheatstone quarter bridge, a micro controller and a Bluetooth transmitter unit. Torsion tests are carried out to test the functionality of the measuring circuit.
hp-Multigrid Preconditioner for a Divergence-Conforming HDG Scheme for the Incompressible Flow Problems
Authors: Fu Guosheng , Kuang Wenzheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present anhp-multigrid preconditioner for a divergence-conforming HDG scheme for the generalized Stokes and the Navier–Stokes equations using an augmented Lagrangian formulation. Our method relies on conforming simplicial meshes in two- and three-dimensions. Thehp-multigrid algorithm is a multiplicative auxiliary space preconditioner that employs the lowest-order space as the auxiliary space, and we develop a geometric multigrid method as the auxiliary space solver. For the generalized Stokes problem, the crucial ingredient of the geometric multigrid method is the equivalence between the condensed lowest-order divergence-conforming HDG scheme and a Crouzeix–Raviart discretization with a pressure-robust treatment as introduced in Linke and Merdon (Comput Methods Appl Mech Engrg 311:304–326, 2022), which allows for the direct application of geometric multigrid theory on the Crouzeix–Raviart discretization. The numerical experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposedhp-multigrid preconditioner with respect to mesh size and augmented Lagrangian parameter, with iteration counts insensitivity to polynomial order increase. Inspired by the works by Benzi and Olshanskii (SIAM J Sci Comput 28:2095–2113, 2006) and Farrell et al. (SIAM J Sci Comput 41:A3073–A3096, 2019), we further test the proposed preconditioner on the divergence-conforming HDG scheme for the Navier–Stokes equations. Numerical experiments show a mild increase in the iteration counts of the preconditioned GMRes solver with the rise in Reynolds number up to$$10^3$$103.
Third Order Dynamical Systems for the Sum of Two Generalized Monotone Operators
Authors: Hai Pham Viet , Vuong Phan Tu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose and analyze a third-order dynamical system for finding zeros of the sum of two generalized operators in a Hilbert space $$\mathcal {H}$$
H
. We establish the existence and uniqueness of the trajectories generated by the system under appropriate continuity conditions, and prove exponential convergence to the unique zero when the sum of the operators is strongly monotone. Additionally, we derive an explicit discretization of the dynamical system, which results in a forward–backward algorithm with double inertial effects and larger range of stepsize. We establish the linear convergence of the iterates to the unique solution using this algorithm. Furthermore, we provide convergence analysis for the class of strongly pseudo-monotone variational inequalities. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach by applying it to structured optimization and pseudo-convex optimization problems.
Capsule Network Based on Double-layer Attention Mechanism and Multi-scale Feature Extraction for Remaining Life Prediction
Authors: Shang Zhiwu , Feng Zehua , Li Wanxiang , Wu Zhihua , Cheng Hongchuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe era of big data provides a platform for high-precision RUL prediction, but the existing RUL prediction methods, which effectively extract key degradation information, remain a challenge. Existing methods ignore the influence of sensor and degradation moment variability, and instead assign weights to them equally, which affects the final prediction accuracy. In addition, convolutional networks lose key information due to downsampling operations and also suffer from the drawback of insufficient feature extraction capability. To address these issues, the two-layer attention mechanism and the Inception module are embedded in the capsule structure (mai-capsule model) for lifetime prediction. The first layer of the channel attention mechanism (CAM) evaluates the influence of various sensor information on the forecast; the second layer adds a time-step attention (TSAM) mechanism to the LSTM network to weigh the contribution of different moments of the engine's whole life cycle to the prediction, while weakening the influence of environmental noise on the prediction. The Inception module is introduced to perform multi-scale feature extraction on the weighted data to capture the degradation information to the maximum extent. Lastly, we are inspired to employ the capsule network to capture important position information of high and low-dimensional features, given its capacity to facilitate a more effective rendition of the overall features of the time-series data. The efficacy of the suggested model is assessed against other approaches and verified using the publicly accessible C-MPASS dataset. The end findings demonstrate the excellent prediction precision of the suggested approach.
Temporal Diversity-Aware Micro-Video Recommendation with Long- and Short-Term Interests Modeling
Authors: Gu Pan , Hu Haiyang , Wang Dongjing , Yu Dongjin , Xu Guandong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecommender systems have become indispensable for addressing information overload for micro-video services. They are used to characterize users’ preferences from their historical interactions and recommend micro-videos accordingly. Existing works largely leverage the multi-modal contents of micro-videos to enhance recommendation performance. However, limited efforts have been made to understand users’ complex behavior patterns, including their long- and short-term interests, as well as their temporal diversity preferences. In micro-video recommendation scenarios, users tend to have both stable long-term interests and dynamic short-term interests, and may feel tired after incessantly receiving numerous similar recommendations. In this paper, we propose a Temporal Diversity-aware micro-videorecommender (TD-VideoRec) for user behavior modeling, simultaneously capturing users’ long- and short-term preferences. Specifically, we first adopt a user-centric attention mechanism to cope with long-term interests. Then, we utilize an attention network on top of a long-short term memory network to obtain users’ short-term interests. Finally, a temporal diversity coefficient is introduced to characterize the temporal diversity preferences of users’ click behaviors. The value of the coefficient depends on the distinction between users’ long- and short-term interests extracted by vector orthogonal projection. Extensive experiments on two real-world datasets demonstrate that TD-VideoRec outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
The role of scenarios in paradoxes
Authors: Mezzadri Angelica 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper fills a gap in the existing metaphilosophical research on paradoxes by focusing on the role of scenarios. Typical philosophical paradoxes contain a scenario description whose contribution to paradoxes remains unexplored. I argue that scenarios are examples or instantiations of the abstract schema of paradoxes. As such, scenarios contribute to paradoxes on two levels. First, they make the argument more concrete, thus enhancing the dialectical force of paradoxes and facilitating their understanding, especially for non-experts. This function is external to the paradox itself, but has important practical implications for the use of paradoxes and their effect on philosophical debates, and it contributes to explaining why philosophical paradoxes are usually introduced by a scenario. Second, and more crucially, scenarios are essential to the epistemic dimension of paradoxes. By definition, paradoxes have two necessary components: the argumentative structure and the plausibility/implausibility of the premises/conclusion. By providing examples of the abstract schema, scenarios contribute to making the premises plausible. In particular, scenarios are the source of plausibility and justification for those premises that contain an empirically grounded assertion of existence. Examples of such paradoxes are the Sorites paradox, the Lottery paradox, and the Grue paradox. Contrary to the dialectical role, the epistemic function of scenarios is indispensable, as it connects paradoxes to the real world and underscores their significance in specific debates.
Virtual Reality and Charitable Giving: The Influence of Space, Presence, and Attention
Authors: Gugenishvili Ilia , Nyström Anna-Greta 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVirtual reality (VR) can boost charitable attitudes and behavior. In an experiment with 100 participants viewing the content in VR vs. desktop computer, the VR group exhibited significantly higher levels of spatial presence (MD = 1.24, p < .001), attention allocation (MD = . 58, p < .001), spatial situation model building (MD = .47, p = .01), and empathy (MD = .46, p = .049). Donation behavior did not differ between the two groups (p = .36). Both computer and VR viewers shared similar emotions, but VR users felt greater immersion and emotional intensity, perceiving themselves as active participants, while computer viewers took a more passive role. This study generated insights for nonprofits considering VR in their marketing strategies, shedding light on the potential of VR storytelling and its effects on charitable giving.