bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Additive‐Assisted Hydrothermal Growth Enabling Defect Passivation and Void Remedy in Antimony Selenosulfide Solar Cells
Authors: Ji Seunghwan , Wang Yazi , Hwang Jiseon , Chu Jinwoo , Kim Kihwan , Jung Hee Joon , Shin Byungha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAntimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S,Se)3) has recently emerged as a promising light‐absorbing material, attributed to its tunable photovoltaic properties, low toxicity, and robust environmental stability. However, despite these advantages, the current record efficiency for Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells significantly lags behind their Shockley–Queisser limit, especially when compared to other well‐established chalcogenide‐based thin‐film solar cells, such as CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se2. This underperformance primarily arises from the formation of unfavorable defects, predominately located at deep energy levels, which act as recombination centers, thereby limiting the potential for performance enhancement in Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells. Specifically, deep‐level defects, such as sulfur vacancy (VS), have a lower formation energy, leading to severe non‐radiative recombination and compromising device performance. To address this challenge, thioacetamide (TA), a sulfur‐containing additive is introduced, into the precursor solution for the hydrothermal deposition of Sb2(S,Se)3. This results indicate that the incorporation of TA helps in passivating deep‐level defects such as sulfur vacancies and in suppressing the formation of large voids within the Sb2(S,Se)3 absorber. Consequently, Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells, with reduced carrier recombination and improved film quality, achieved a power conversion efficiency of 9.04%, with notable improvements in open‐circuit voltage and fill factor. This work provides deeper insights into the passivation of deep‐level donor‐like VS defects through the incorporation of a sulfur‐containing additive, highlighting pathways to enhance the photovoltaic performance of Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells.
An Effective DNA‐Based File Storage System for Practical Archiving and Retrieval of Medical MRI Data
Authors: Rasool Abdur , Hong Jingwei , Hong Zhiling , Li Yuanzhen , Zou Chao , Chen Hui , Qu Qiang , Wang Yang , Jiang Qingshan , Huang Xiaoluo , Dai Junbiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDNA‐based data storage is a new technology in computational and synthetic biology, that offers a solution for long‐term, high‐density data archiving. Given the critical importance of medical data in advancing human health, there is a growing interest in developing an effective medical data storage system based on DNA. Data integrity, accuracy, reliability, and efficient retrieval are all significant concerns. Therefore, this study proposes an Effective DNA Storage (EDS) approach for archiving medical MRI data. The EDS approach incorporates three key components (i) a novel fraction strategy to address the critical issue of rotating encoding, which often leads to data loss due to single base error propagation; (ii) a novel rule‐based quaternary transcoding method that satisfies bio‐constraints and ensure reliable mapping; and (iii) an indexing technique designed to simplify random search and access. The effectiveness of this approach is validated through computer simulations and biological experiments, confirming its practicality. The EDS approach outperforms existing methods, providing superior control over bio‐constraints and reducing computational time. The results and code provided in this study open new avenues for practical DNA storage of medical MRI data, offering promising prospects for the future of medical data archiving and retrieval.
Cyclic behavior of the reinforced concrete shear walls with opening retrofitted with steel plate
Authors: Abdoos Fatemeh , Gholhaki Majid , Kheyroddin Ali 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls are widely used as the lateral load‐resisting system due to their adequate ductility and great energy dissipation capacity. On the other hand, use of these walls can reduce the size of the beams and columns and also, decreases the lateral displacements. However, presence of the openings in the shear walls alters the behavior of the wall and therefore, the dimensions and position of the opening play a key role in the performance of this structural system. In this study, an RC shear wall with eccentric opening was verified using ABAQUS software. This model, which is called the reference model, a wall and a pier have been created according to aspect ratios given by ACI318‐14. This model was retrofitted with the steel plates arranged in various patterns and effect of each pattern on the system's performance was investigated and the best one was selected. The best steel plate arrangement increased the ultimate strength, maximum strength, cracking strength, and energy dissipation capacity by 127.3%, 13.42%, 22.53%, and 16.8%, respectively. To practically use this retrofit technique, three low, mid, and high‐rise buildings designed based on the old and new versions of the Iranian Code of Practice for Seismic Resistant Design of Buildings (Standard 2800) were upgraded with this technique and their performance was evaluated and performance of the substandard and standard buildings were compared with each other. The research results showed the ST52 steel plates do not considerably increase the maximum and cracking strength and could enhance the ultimate strength insignificantly. By retrofitting the edges of the openings by the diagonal steel plates and preventing spread of the cracks at the edges and corners, satisfactory results could be attained. Simultaneous use of the vertical and horizontal plates is an effective solution to increase the flexural and shear capacity of the structure.
Optimization of steam curing process for Chinese Western and Northeast regions' high‐speed railway concrete prefabricated components
Authors: Xiang Yu , Duan Peilun , Wang Jilin , Jiang Guokang , Hu Zuhao , Xiao Qiyuan , Zeng Xiaohui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article aims to address the issues of high curing temperatures and thermal damage in the production of prefabricated concrete components for high‐speed railways in high‐altitude and high‐latitude cold regions of China. Various steam‐curing processes for concrete are designed to optimize the high‐quality preparation process of steam‐cured concrete prefabricated components in cold environments. With the goal of controlling the residual expansion deformation and considering the overall impact of curing process on the mechanics, durability, and interface transition zone of steam‐cured concrete, the main conclusions obtained in this study are as follows. Within a pre‐curing time of 3–6 h, when the curing temperature is maintained at 45–60°C, the final residual expansion deformation can be controlled below 300 με. The compressive strength, dynamic elastic modulus, peak stress, water absorption and Chloride ion resistance of steam‐cured concrete show the great improvement under above curing processes. Curing at 80°C should be actively avoided, and it is recommended to adopt a 6 h pre‐curing time with a maximum curing temperature of 45°C, especially for cold regions in China. This study can serve as a valuable reference and provide support for the preparation of prefabricated concrete components in Chinese high‐altitude and high‐latitude areas.
Ultimate torsional moment of dry horizontal joint for prefabricated concrete tower
Authors: Chen Junling , Lin Wenmin , Li Jinwei 
Published: May 2024

SummaryMore and more prefabricated steel–concrete hybrid wind turbine towers have been built because of their better lateral stiffness than those of the full steel towers, in which epoxy resin joints are commonly adopted at the horizontal joint between two ring units for improving the erection speed. In fact, epoxy resin joints are designed in the same way as dry joints due to the very thin thickness of epoxy resin layer, in which epoxy resin only acts as a leveling blanket and sealer for jointing and compensates for the unevenness of the contact surface between two ring units. The current design method for the resistance to torsional moment at the horizontal joint is not reasonable because of the unreasonable assumption of Saint‐Venant's torsional theory. The integral expressions of the ultimate torsional moment at the horizontal joint with and without shear force are derived, respectively. The solution of the integral expressions for the ultimate torsional moment is realized by Python programming. The refined finite element analyses of two cases are compared with the existing small‐scale tests with segmental aluminum tubes, which verifies the calculation accuracy of the proposed integral method. In the modified integral model of the ultimate torsional moment, a correction term of the resistance to torsional moment and a more suitable distribution of shear stress under the action of horizontal shear force are proposed to obtain a more accurate ultimate torsional moment. Finally, 36 sets of cases with typical dimensions and axial forces in practical engineering are analyzed by the proposed integral model in the absence of horizontal shear force. One six‐parameter model for calculating the ultimate torsional moment is fitted by the least square method. A discount factor is proposed to consider the influence of the horizontal shear force on the ultimate torsional moment.
A microendemic and enigmatic new cactus species from the campo rupestre of Minas Gerais, Brazil: Uebelmannia nuda (Cactaceae, Cactoideae)
Authors: Zappi Daniela C. , Taylor Nigel P. , Costa Fabiane Nepomuceno , Fonseca Simone Nunes , Ferreira Paula Leão , Romeiro‐Brito Monique , Telhe Milena C. , Köhler Matias , Franco Fernando F. , Moraes Evandro M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA phylogenetic study of Uebelmannia investigates the relationships of a newly discovered taxon in this enigmatic, early‐diverging genus that is sister to all the other c. 460 species of tribe Cereeae. Here we present a coalescent‐based phylogenetic tree inferred with nuclear genes captured by the Cactaceae591 probe set encompassing all Uebelmannia species. The new taxon U. nuda is sister to U. pectinifera, while U. gummifera and U. buiningii form another pair of closely related species. The unusual characteristics of the new cactus (semi‐subterranean/geophytic habit, turbinate stem, naked areoles) distinguish it from all other Uebelmannia species. The definition of the relationships within this early‐derived genus endemic to the campo rupestre of Minas Gerais State became more evident, and this new find adds to the importance of this biogeographic province for the evolution of tribe Cereeae. The new species is described, and a preliminary conservation assessment is presented. Additionally, a key for all taxa of the genus is provided.
EmoBone: A Multinational Audio Dataset of Emotional Bone Conducted Speech
Authors: Hosain Md. Sarwar , Sugiura Yosuke , Rahman M. Shahidur , Shimamura Tetsuya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces EmoBone, a comprehensive audio‐only emotional bone‐conducted speech dataset featuring speakers from various countries. The dataset comprises speeches from 28 individuals representing 10 different nations, with each participant delivering 10 sentences designed to evoke distinct emotions. In addition to an air‐conducted microphone, the recordings utilized bone conduction technology, transmitting sound directly to the speakers' inner ears, ensuring high‐quality emotional speech recordings. To assess the validity of the dataset, 80 university students from Bangladesh listened to the recordings and successfully identified the expressed emotions with an accuracy exceeding 76%. Statistical methods were also employed to evaluate the reliability of the dataset, revealing a high level of agreement among raters. EmoBone, with a cumulative duration surpassing 19 h and 15 680 unique utterances, stands as the most extensive emotional speech dataset available. This makes it a valuable tool for studying how emotional speech varies across cultures. Furthermore, due to its utilization of bone conduction technology, EmoBone facilitates the study of acoustic features in emotional speech from diverse dimensions. The data that supports the findings of this study is available upon reasonable request. © 2024 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Toward an evidence‐informed, responsible, and inclusive debate on solar geoengineering: A response to the proposed non‐use agreement
Authors: Parson Edward A. , Buck Holly J. , Jinnah Sikina , Moreno‐Cruz Juan , Nicholson Simon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA prominent recent perspective article in this journal and accompanying open letter propose a broad international “non‐use agreement” (NUA) on activities related to solar geoengineering (SG). The NUA calls on governments to renounce large‐scale use of SG, and also to refuse to fund SG research, ban outdoor experiments, decline to grant IP rights, and reject discussions of SG in international organizations. We argue that such pre‐emptive rejection of public research and consultation would deprive future policy‐makers of knowledge and capability that would support informed decisions to safely and equitably limit climate risk, sustain human welfare, and protect threatened ecosystems. In contrast to the broad prohibitions of the NUA, we propose an alternative near‐term pathway with five elements: assess SG risks and benefits in the context of related climate risks and responses; distinguish the risks and governance needs of SG research and deployment; pursue research that treats uncertainties and divergent results even‐handedly; harness normalization of SG as a path to effective assessment and governance; and build a more globally inclusive conversation on SG and its governance. These principles would support a more informed, responsible, and inclusive approach to limiting climate risks, including judgments on the potential role or rejection of SG, than the prohibitory approach of the NUA.This article is categorized under:
Climate and Development > Social Justice and the Politics of Development
Policy and Governance > Multilevel and Transnational Climate Change Governance
Policy and Governance > National Climate Change Policy
Current state of minimally invasive general surgical practice in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the laparoscopic procedures performed and outcomes
Authors: Falola Adebayo Feranmi , Fadairo Rhoda Tolulope , Dada Oluwasina Samuel , Adenikinju Joseph Sanmi , Ogbodu Emmanuella , Effiong‐John Blessing , Akande Damilola Grace , Okere Madeleine Oluomachi , Adelotan Anuoluwapo , Ndong Abdourahmane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMinimally invasive surgery, including laparoscopy and robotics, has significantly improved general surgical (GS) practice globally. While robot‐assisted GS practice is yet to be adopted in the majority of Africa, laparoscopy has been utilized to improve surgical outcomes. This study aims to review the laparoscopic GS procedures (LGSPs) performed and evaluate outcomes such as conversion to open surgery, morbidity, and mortality in Africa.MethodsFour databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, WoS, and AJOL) were searched, identifying 8022 publications. Following screening, 40 studies across Africa that reported LGSPs (n ≥ 2) performed and outcomes met the inclusion criteria. A meta‐analysis conducted using R statistical software estimated the pooled prevalences with the 95% CI of conversion, morbidity, and mortality.ResultsA total of 6381 procedures performed in 15 African countries were analyzed in this study. Majority, 72.89%, of the procedures were performed in Senegal, South Africa, and Nigeria. The major procedures performed were cholecystectomy (37.09%), appendicectomy (33.36%), and diagnostic laparoscopy (9.98%). The meta‐analysis revealed a conversion rate of 5% [95% CI: 4, 7]. Adhesion (28.13%), hemorrhage (16.67%), technical difficultly (12.50%), and equipment failure (11.46%) were the predominant indications for conversion. Surgical site infection (42.75%) was the major cause of morbidity. The prevalences of morbidity and mortality were 7% [95% CI: 5, 10] and 0.12% [95% CI: 0, 0.29], respectively.ConclusionA wide range of basic and advanced LGSPs were performed. The outcomes obtained indicate successful implementation of the laparoscopic approach. Importantly, this study serves as a foundational work for further research on minimally invasive surgery in Africa.
Race Equity and Inclusive Curriculum: Diversity Mark and Making a Lasting Impression on the Institution
Authors: Adewumi Barbara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses practical approaches towards developing and sustaining transformative conversations towards decolonising university curricula. A student–staff collaborative research initiative reviewed module reading lists in several academic schools within the University of Kent to explore the benefits of broadening perspectives in pedagogy. The aim was to encourage teaching staff to include authors from the global South often marginalised or effaced from historical texts (Olusoga, 2021). Critical race theory’s method of storytelling was applied to demonstrate the value of the voices and scholarship of people of colour. Findings from the Diversity Mark initiative reveal that reading lists are overwhelmingly comprised of white, European, male authors, indicating ‘apartheid of knowledge’ (Bernal and Villalpando, 2002) which reproduces epistemic inequality. This chapter draws on postcolonial theory and further examines legacies of structural inequalities permeating university’s curricula. Diversity Mark findings have led to a Diversity Mark toolkit used to improve belonging and inclusion within the curricula.
Cutkosky representation and direct integration
Authors: Vergu C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a new method of direct integration of Feynman integrals based on the Cutkosky representation of the integrals. In this representation we are able to explicitly compute the integrals which yield square root singularities and leave only the integrals which yield logarithmic singularities, thus making the transcendentality weight manifest. The method is elementary, algorithmic, does not introduce spurious non-physical singularities and does not require a reduction to a basis of pure integrals.
Discrete global symmetries: gauging and twisted compactification
Authors: Giacomelli Simone , Harding William , Mekareeya Noppadol , Mininno Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Discrete global symmetries of 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs are studied via two operations: gauging and twisted compactification. We consider gauging of discrete symmetries in several well-known 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFTs, including SU(n) SQCD with 2n flavors, theories of class $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
of type A2n−1, and Argyres-Douglas theories of type (AN, AN), as well as propose new 4d SCFTs as a result. The wreathing technique, which involves gauging a subgroup of the automorphism group of the quiver diagram of the corresponding 3d mirror theory, is exploited. This allows us to understand several properties of discretely gauged theories, including moduli spaces and how discrete gauging affects the mixed ’t Hooft anomaly between the 1-form symmetry and the 0-form flavor symmetry. Many examples are viewed through the lens of the Argyres-Seiberg duality and its generalization. We also examine discrete gauging of SU(2) SQCD with 4 flavors by various ℤ2 and ℤ2 × ℤ2 subgroups of the permutation group S4 using the superconformal index. Regarding compactification, we propose a magnetic quiver for 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SU(n) SQCD with 2n flavors compactified on a circle with a ℤ2 twist. The twisted compactification by non-invertible symmetries of the 4d $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM theory with gauge group SU(N) is revisited. The non-invertible symmetry naturally gives rise to a ℤk action on the scalar fields parametrizing the moduli space. Upon examining the ℤk invariant chiral ring of the Higgs branch, we find that, in addition to the largest branch of the moduli space that is expected to be captured by the ABJ(M) theory, there exist in general nilpotent operators that lead to a branch of the moduli space which is a radical ideal.
The AdS Veneziano amplitude at small curvature
Authors: Alday Luis F. , Chester Shai M. , Hansen Tobias , Zhong De-liang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We compute the AdS Veneziano amplitude for type IIB gluon scattering in AdS5 × S3 to all orders in α′ in a small curvature expansion. This is achieved by combining a dispersion relation in the dual 4d$$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 SCFT with an ansatz for the amplitude as a worldsheet integral in terms of multiple polylogarithms. The first curvature correction is fully fixed in this way and satisfies consistency checks in the high energy limit, the low energy expansion as previously fixed using supersymmetric localisation, and for the energy of massive string operators, which we independently compute using a semiclassical expansion. We also combine localisation with this first curvature correction to fix the unprotected D4F4 correction to the amplitude at finite curvature.
Sylow intersections and Frobenius ratios
Authors: Knapp Wolfgang , Schmid Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLet G be a finite group and p a prime dividing its order |G|, with p-part $$|G|_p$$

|
G
|

p

, and let $$G_p$$

G
p

denote the set of all p-elements in G. A well known theorem of Frobenius tells us that $$f_p(G)=|G_p|/|G|_p$$

f
p

(
G
)

=
|

G
p

|
/
|
G
|

p

is an integer. As $$G_p$$

G
p

is the union of the Sylow p-subgroups of G, this Frobenius ratio$$f_p(G)$$

f
p

(
G
)

evidently depends on the number $$s_p(G)=|\textrm{Syl}_p(G)|$$

s
p

(
G
)

=

|

Syl
p

(
G
)

|

of Sylow p-subgroups of G and on Sylow intersections. One knows that $$s_p(G)=1+kp$$

s
p

(
G
)

=
1
+
k
p

and $$f_p(G)=1+\ell (p-1)$$

f
p

(
G
)

=
1
+
ℓ

(
p
-
1
)

for nonnegative integers $$k, \ell $$

k
,
ℓ

, and that $$f_p(G)<s_p(G)$$

f
p

(
G
)

<

s
p

(
G
)

unless G has a normal Sylow p-subgroup. In order to get lower bounds for $$f_p(G)$$

f
p

(
G
)

we, study the permutation character $${\pi }={\pi }_p(G)$$

π
=

π
p

(
G
)

of G in its transitive action on $$\textrm{Syl}_p(G)$$

Syl
p

(
G
)

via conjugation (Sylow character). We will get, in particular, that $$f_p(G)\ge s_p(G)/r_p(G)$$

f
p

(
G
)

≥

s
p

(
G
)

/

r
p

(
G
)

where $$r_p(G)$$

r
p

(
G
)

denotes the number of P-orbits on $$\textrm{Syl}_p(G)$$

Syl
p

(
G
)

for any fixed $$P\in \textrm{Syl}_p(G)$$

P
∈

Syl
p

(
G
)

. One can have $$\ell \ge k\ge 1$$

ℓ
≥
k
≥
1

only when P is irredundant for $$G_p$$

G
p

, that is, when P is not contained in the union of the $$Q\ne P$$

Q
≠
P

in $$\textrm{Syl}_p(G)$$

Syl
p

(
G
)

and so $$\widehat{P}=\bigcup _{Q\ne P}(P\cap Q)$$

P
^

=

⋃

Q
≠
P

(
P
∩
Q
)

a proper subset of P. We prove that $$\ell \ge k$$

ℓ
≥
k

when $$|\widehat{P}|\le |P|/p$$

|

P
^

|
≤
|
P
|
/
p

.