bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale: Psychometric Features Within a Clinical Population and a Cut‐off Point to Differentiate Clinical Patients from Healthy Controls
Authors: Krabbenborg Manon A. M. , Danner Unna N. , Larsen Junilla K. , van der Veer Nienke , van Elburg Annemarie A. , de Ridder Denise T. D. , Evers Catharine , Stice Eric , Engels Rutger C. M. E. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) is a brief self‐report measure for diagnosing anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder. Research has provided evidence of the reliability and validity of this scale in non‐clinical populations. Our study is the first to examine the psychometric features of the EDDS in a clinical population of eating disordered patients. We identified a cut‐off point that differentiates clinical patients from healthy controls. A clinical group of 59 Dutch female eating disordered patients and a control group of 45 Dutch students completed the EDDS, the Eating Disorder Examination Interview, the Body Attitude Test and the Beck Depression Inventory—II. The EDDS showed good test–retest reliability, internal consistency, criterion validity and convergent validity with other scales assessing eating and general pathology. An overall symptom composite cut‐off score of 16.5 accurately distinguished clinical patients from healthy controls. The EDDS may be a useful instrument in clinical settings and in aetiologic, prevention and treatment research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Oportunidades to reduce overweight and obesity in Mexico?
Authors: Andalón Mabel 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis paper investigates the causal effect of Oportunidades, a conditional cash‐transfer program in Mexico, on overweight and obesity of adolescents living in poor rural areas. Affecting youth weight was not a goal of this program. However, health economics research suggests that the provision of schooling, health information sessions and sizable cash transfers to Oportunidades participants could have substantially changed their overweight and obesity rates. Exploiting an exogenous jump in program participation by means of a fuzzy Regression Discontinuity (RD) design, the evidence of this paper suggests that Oportunidades decreased obesity among participant women. The identified local average treatment effect (LATE) at the threshold for program eligibility suggests that female obesity would decrease if the program was expanded to cover slightly better‐off households. The design of the program does not allow disentangling the causal pathways that contributed to the lower prevalence of obesity among women, but the effect likely resulted from increased access to information and schooling, improved dietary quality, increased monitoring of health outcomes and (possibly) increased physical activity. Suggestive evidence shows that teen pregnancy rates were higher among non‐participants. Therefore, weight gain after childbirth might also explain higher obesity rates among non‐participant females. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Radiofrequency ablation of high-grade dysplastic nodules
Authors: Cho Yun Ku , Chung Jin Wook , Kim Yoonjung , Cho Hyun Je , Yang Soo Hyun 
Published: August 2011

Abstract

High-grade dysplastic nodules (HGDNs) are known to be premalignant lesions of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We devised a model to estimate the long-term survival benefit of treating HGDNs by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) (Group I), as compared with regular follow-up and timely treatment by resection (Group II). A hypothetical 60-year-old compensated patient with cirrhosis was assumed. The system being modeled was assumed to be a simple Markov process, and state transition probabilities were given as parameters. Data used for simulation were obtained by a systematic review of the literature. The reported overall malignant transformation rates of HGDNs ranged from 12.5% to 80.8%, and were assumed to be 20%, 50%, and 80% using the best, moderate, and worst scenarios for Group II, respectively. The 5-year overall survival benefit of Group I compared with Group II was calculated by summing the detrimental effect of overtreatment and the beneficial effects of avoiding operative mortality. When the overall malignant transformation rate was set at 20%, 50%, or 80% the expected additional 5-year overall survival benefits of Group I compared with Group II were −0.05%, 0.20%, and 0.47%, respectively, and the corresponding additional 10-year overall survival benefits were 0.03%, 0.33%, and 0.55%, respectively. One-way sensitivity analysis showed that Group I was preferable to Group II in terms of 5-year overall survival when the 5-year overall malignant transformation rate was greater than 25.9%.

Conclusion:

No definite evidence indicates that the treatment of HGDNs by RFA provides additional long-term overall survival benefit as compared with regular follow-up and timely treatment. The findings of the present study concur with the present American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases guidelines. (Hepatology 2011 )
Arecoline‐induced death of human leukemia K562 cells is associated with surface up‐modulation of TNFR2
Authors: Chen Ying‐Jung , Chang Long‐Sen 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThe goal of the present study is to explore the contribution of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNFα)‐related pathway to the cytotoxicity of arecoline on human leukemia K562 cells. Arecoline treatment induced death of K562 cells and increased surface expression of TNFα, TNFR1, and TNFR2. Unlike that of TNFR1 mRNA, transcriptional levels of TNFα and TNFR2 mRNA increased in arecoline‐treated cells. Moreover, arecoline‐induced down‐regulation of ADAM17 maturation was involved in surface up‐modulation of TNFR1, TNFR2, and TNFα. Arecoline‐elicited increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration was responsible for JNK/c‐Jun pathway activation and ERK inactivation. Abolition of JNK/c‐Jun pathway suppressed arecoline‐induced increase in transcriptional level of TNFα and TNFR2 mRNA. TNFα and TNFR2 promoter luciferase activity and chromatin immunoprecipitating analyses revealed that c‐Jun increasingly bound with TNFα and TNFR2 promoter upon arecoline treatment. Over‐expression of constitutively active MEK1 abolished the effect of arecoline on suppressing ADAM17 maturation. Pretreatment with TNFR2 antibody abrogated arecoline‐induced increased susceptibility of K562 cells for the cytotoxicity of TNFα and arecoline‐induced cell death. Taken together, our data suggest that up‐modulation of TNFR2 surface expression is associated with arecoline‐induced death of K562 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2240–2251, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Runx2 controls a feed‐forward loop between androgen and prolactin‐induced protein (PIP) in stimulating T47D cell proliferation
Authors: Baniwal Sanjeev K. , Little Gillian H. , Chimge Nyam‐Osor , Frenkel Baruch 
Published: August 2011

AbstractProlactin‐Induced Protein (PIP) is a small polypeptide expressed by breast and prostate cancer (BCa, PCa) cells. However, both the regulation of PIP expression and its function in cancer cells are poorly understood. Using BCa and PCa cells, we found that Runx2, a pro‐metastatic transcription factor, functionally interacts with the Androgen Receptor (AR) to regulate PIP expression. Runx2 expression in C4‐2B PCa cells synergized with AR to promote PIP expression, whereas its knockdown in T47D BCa cells abrogated basal as well as hormone stimulated PIP expression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed that Runx2 and AR co‐occupied an enhancer element located ∼11 kb upstream of the PIP open reading frame, and that Runx2 facilitated AR recruitment to the enhancer. PIP knockdown in T47D cells compromised DHT‐stimulated expression of multiple AR target genes including PSA, FKBP5, FASN, and SGK1. The inhibition of AR activity due to loss of PIP was attributable at least in part to abrogation of its nuclear translocation. PIP knockdown also suppressed T47D cell proliferation driven by either serum growth factors or dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Our data suggest that Runx2 controls a positive feedback loop between androgen signaling and PIP, and pharmacological inhibition of PIP may be useful to treat PIP positive tumors. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2276–2282, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of dentin pretreatment with potassium oxalate: Analysis of microtensile bond strengths and morphologic aspects
Authors: De Moraes Porto Isabel Cristina Celerino , De Andrade Ana Karina Maciel , Alves Luiz Carlos , Braz Rodivan 
Published: August 2011

AbstractAn effective and stable bond is the most desirable characteristic of contemporary adhesive systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium oxalate on dentin/resin bond strength. Dentin on the occlusal surface of human premolars was exposed and etched with 35% phosphoric acid, to receive 3% monohydrated potassium oxalate and the following adhesive systems: Scotchbond Multipurpose (SMO; 3M/ESPE) and Prime & Bond NT (PBO; Dentsply), followed by the application of resin composite (Z250; 3M/ESPE). The control groups (SM and PB) did not receive potassium oxalate application. The prepared teeth were kept in distilled water at 37°C for 24 h and 12 months. They were then cut longitudinally into sticks with a bond area of ∼0.8 mm2 for submission to the microtensile bond strength test. The data were analyzed by two‐factor ANOVA, Tamhane's paired comparisons, and the Student t‐test (α = 0.05). The hybrid layer formed was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM analysis of the surfaces treated with PB revealed shorter resin tags associated with the application of potassium oxalate, whereas SM showed tags similar to those without potassium oxalate. A significant difference was shown between the two storage times for each of the protocols. There was a significant difference among SMO, SM, and PBO (24 h), as well as among SM, SMO, and PBO, and between PB and PBO (12 months). The application of potassium oxalate before conventional adhesive systems may result in alteration of the bond strength between dentin and resin composite, depending on the material. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Downregulation in the human and mice cerebella after ketamine versus ketamine plus ethanol treatment
Authors: Chan W.M. , Xu Jie , Fan Ming , Jiang Yanling , Tsui Therese Y.M. , Wai Maria S.M. , Lam W.P. , Yew D.T. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractTo study the deleterious effects of ketamine and the potential interaction effects between ethanol and ketamine on the cerebellum, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tests were performed on the habitual ketamine users (n = 3) when they flexed and extended their upper limbs. Another fMRI test was performed on the same participants in which they consumed alcohol (12%, 200 mL) 1 h before the test. Downregulation on the activity of cerebellum was observed and the level of activation in the cerebellum decreased dramatically in habitual ketamine users with alcohol consumption before the test. Further studies were performed by using male ICR mice receiving treatment of ketamine only [30 mg kg−1 intraperitoneally (i.p.)] or ethanol only everyday (0.5 mL 12% orally) and those with coadministration of the above dosages of ketamine and ethanol for 3 months. Fewer Purkinje cells were observed in the cerebellar sections of ketamine treated mice under silver staining. For TUNEL test, a significant increase in the apoptotic cells were observed in the cerebella of the ketamine treated mice (P = 0.016) and of those with co‐administration of ketamine and ethanol (P < 0.001), when compared with the control. A statistical significance (P < 0.001) in two‐way ANOVA test indicated that there might be an interactive mechanism between ethanol and ketamine acting on the cerebellum. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The real exchange rate, sectoral allocation and development in China and East Asia: A simple exposition
Authors: Rajan Ramkishen S. , Beverinotti Javier 
Published: August 2011

AbstractGlobal macroeconomic imbalances are among the key issues facing policymakers, especially in the USA and China. Although there has been a great deal of debate about this important issue, there appears to have been a general failure to adequately pay attention to the role of the exchange rate in allocating resources internally between tradables and non‐tradables. These sectoral changes can have both real and macroeconomic consequences. This paper offers a simple analytical exposition of some of the issues relating to China's and East Asia's development and their impact on global imbalances using a two‐sector tradable and non‐tradables model. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MARKETS AWASH: THE PRIVATIZATION OF CHILEAN WATER MARKETS
Authors: Borzutzky Silvia , Madden Elisabeth F. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractThis article discusses the Pinochet regime's market‐oriented water code and argues that in some areas, the law allowed the creation of an active water rights' market, but that in other areas, it failed to promote a market because it disregarded the variability of water throughout Chile and failed to provide for adequate mechanisms for water storage and distribution. Reforms implemented during the Concertaciόn governments have improved the functioning of water markets by establishing fees and incentives to avoid speculation, improve regulation and protect the environment. This article concludes by proposing a set of policy recommendations to improve water distribution and protect the environment. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interleukin‐1α, ‐6, and ‐8 decrease Cdc42 activity resulting in loss of articular chondrocyte phenotype
Authors: Novakofski Kira D. , Torre Christopher J. , Fortier Lisa A. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSmall GTPase proteins mediate changes in cellular morphology and other cellular functions. The aim of this study was to examine signaling of the small GTPase Cdc42 by stimulating chondrocytes grown in monolayer with long‐ (96 h) or short‐ (2 and 30 min) term exposure to interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α), IL‐6, or IL‐8. Quantitative PCR was used to determine changes in collagen type IIB (COL2A1), aggrecan (AGG), and matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) gene expression after prolonged cytokine exposure. Effects of short‐term treatment with IL‐α, IL‐6, or IL‐8 on endogenous GTP‐bound Cdc42 levels were assessed using an affinity assay, and on actin filament organization using confocal microscopy. Cytokine treatments significantly decreased COL2A1 and AGG expression and increased MMP‐13 expression. Short exposure to IL‐1α, IL‐6, or IL‐8 decreased endogenous GTP‐Cdc42 and increased stress fibers, which were reversed with cytochalasin D treatment. These results show that IL‐mediated Cdc42 signaling modifies chondrocyte phenotype and morphology. This may lend insight into the altered chondrocyte phenotype in catabolic conditions such as osteoarthritis. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:246–251, 2012
Hypoxia promotes proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potentials of human mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Hung Shun‐Pei , Ho Jennifer H. , Shih Yu‐Ru V. , Lo Ting , Lee Oscar K. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which can be isolated from bone marrow and other somatic tissues, are residing in an environment with relative low oxygen tension. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of hypoxia on MSCs, and we hypothesize that oxygen concentration regulates the intricate balance between cellular proliferation and commitment towards differentiation. In this study, human bone marrow‐derived MSCs were cultured under hypoxia with 1% O2. The proliferation ability of MSCs was increased after a 7‐day hypoxic culture period. Migration assay showed that hypoxia enhanced the migration capabilities of MSCs. Moreover, expression of stemness genes Oct4, Nanog, Sall4 and Klf4 was increased under hypoxia. Furthermore, the differentiation ability of MSCs under hypoxia favored osteogenesis while adipogenesis was inhibited during a 4‐week induction period. Cytokine antibody array analysis showed that a number of growth factors were up‐regulated after a 7‐day hypoxic incubation and the differential expression of growth factors may account for the increased proliferation and osteogenic potentials of MSCs under hypoxic condition. Taken together, hypoxia provides a favorable culture condition to promote proliferation as well as osteogenesis of MSCs through differential growth factor production. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:260–266, 2012
Destination Appraisal for European Cultural Tourism to Iran
Authors: Butler Richard , O'Gorman Kevin D. , Prentice Richard 
Published: August 2011

ABSTRACTLocal input into identifying and selecting the unique selling points of a destination is an important element in the development of appropriate and culturally sensitive tourism to developing international tourist destinations. Here, a destination appraisal matrix was created and, then, was tested by a group of Iranian tourist industry representatives. The destination appraisal matrix technique can easily be used by tourism marketers in such developing countries, and the matrix proved to be a successful method of initiating discussions on the problem of positioning a destination when normal expertise, structures and resources are lacking and conventional approaches to positioning are difficult or inappropriate. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Using multilevel models to quantify heterogeneity in resource selection
Authors: Wagner Tyler , Diefenbach Duane R. , Christensen Sonja A. , Norton Andrew S. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractModels of resource selection are being used increasingly to predict or model the effects of management actions rather than simply quantifying habitat selection. Multilevel, or hierarchical, models are an increasingly popular method to analyze animal resource selection because they impose a relatively weak stochastic constraint to model heterogeneity in habitat use and also account for unequal sample sizes among individuals. However, few studies have used multilevel models to model coefficients as a function of predictors that may influence habitat use at different scales or quantify differences in resource selection among groups. We used an example with white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) to illustrate how to model resource use as a function of distance to road that varies among deer by road density at the home range scale. We found that deer avoidance of roads decreased as road density increased. Also, we used multilevel models with sika deer (Cervus nippon) and white‐tailed deer to examine whether resource selection differed between species. We failed to detect differences in resource use between these two species and showed how information‐theoretic and graphical measures can be used to assess how resource use may have differed. Multilevel models can improve our understanding of how resource selection varies among individuals and provides an objective, quantifiable approach to assess differences or changes in resource selection. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
On the genesis and evolution of Integrated Quantum Optics
Authors: Tanzilli S. , Martin A. , Kaiser F. , De Micheli M.P. , Alibart O. , Ostrowsky D.B. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractApplications of Integrated Optics to quantum sources, detectors, interfaces, memories and linear optical quantum computing are described in this review. By their inherent compactness, efficiencies, and interconnectability, many of the demonstrated individual devices can clearly serve as building blocks for more complex quantum systems, that could also profit from the incorporation of other guided wave technologies.
Silicon photonics: from a microresonator perspective
Authors: Feng S. , Lei T. , Chen H. , Cai H. , Luo X. , Poon A.W. 
Published: August 2011

AbstractSilicon photonics leverages the optical, electrical and material properties of silicon and the mature complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) nanofabrication technique to develop on‐chip photonic integration, which has been making significant impacts in various frontiers including next‐generation optical communications networks, on‐chip optical interconnects for high‐speed energy‐efficient computing and biosensing. Among many optical structures fabricated on silicon chips, microresonators due to their high‐Q resonances and small footprints play important roles in various devices including lasers, filters, modulators, switches, routers, delays, detectors and sensors. This paper reviews from a microresonator perspective some of the latest progress in the field, summarizes design considerations in various applications and points out key challenges and potentials.
Study of Reaction Between a Low Molecular Weight, Highly Functionalized Polyethylene and Hexamethylenediamine
Authors: Hameed Tayyab , Quinlan Patrick J. , Potter David K. , Takacs Elizabeth 
Published: August 2011

AbstractReactions were carried out between a low molecular weight, highly functionalized maleic anhydride‐grafted polyethylene and hexamethylenediamine in a melt blender at 150 °C for various stoichiometric ratios of functional groups. For all compositions, two peaks were observed in the mixing torque data. The appearance of the first peak, observed soon after the introduction of the reactive mixture to the melt blender, was independent of composition. The second peak was composition‐dependent. Gel content and FTIR analyses suggest that the first peak is a result of melting functionalized polyethylene and a reaction of the anhydride and amine functionalities, while the second was mainly a result of crosslinking. The time between the first and second peak defines a processing window, in which the reaction mixture is thermoplastic. Higher temperature melt processing of the thermoplastic reaction products converted these materials to thermosets. During this conversion, the progress of the anhydride–amine reaction was studied using FTIR, as well as by measuring the generation of the insoluble crosslinked material. The FTIR results reveal that the reaction between anhydride and amine moieties results in the formation of an amide intermediate, which then converts to cyclic imide at higher temperatures. The analysis suggests that the use of the FTIR anhydride absorption to assess the degree of reaction is misleading in these reactions.magnified image
Interleukin‐9 receptor gene is transcriptionally regulated by nucleolin in T‐Cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Shang Yi , Kakinuma Shizuko , Nishimura Mayumi , Kobayashi Yoshiro , Nagata Kisaburo , Shimada Yoshiya 
Published: August 2011

AbstractInterleukin‐9 (IL‐9) is a multifunctional cytokine that not only has roles in immune and inflammatory responses but also is involved in growth‐promoting and anti‐apoptotic activities in multiple transformed cell lines, which suggests a potential role in tumorigenesis. Over‐expression of the receptor of IL‐9 (IL‐9R) occurs in several types of human leukemias and in radiation‐induced mouse T‐cell lymphoma (TL). The molecular mechanism that regulates transcription of the IL‐9R gene (Il9r) during leukemogenesis is, however, not well understood. Using a mouse TL cell line that has high expression of Il9r, we sought to dissect its promoter structure. Here we show that the active promoter for Il9r is located in the 5′‐flanking AT‐rich region. Chromatin immunoprecipitation showed the opening of chromatin structure of the promoter region coupled with nucleolin binding in vivo. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the increased localization of nucleolin in the nuclei of TL cells. These data indicate that increased expression of Il9r is associated with an increased binding of nucleolin, coupled with chromatin opening, to an AT‐rich region in the 5′‐flanking region of Il9r in TL cells. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.