bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Copper Mediated Synthetic Methodology for Benzo[d]isothiazol‐3(2H)‐ones and Related Sulfur—Nitrogen Heterocycles.
Authors: Bhakuni Bhagat Singh , Balkrishna Shah Jaimin , Kumar Amit , Kumar Sangit 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA mild and practical synthesis of benzoisothiazolones and related pyridine derivatives such as (VI) is achieved by Cu‐mediated thionation/cyclization of o‐halobenzamides with elemental sulfur.
ChemInform Abstract: Flow Microreactor Synthesis of Tricyclic Sulfonamides via N‐Tosylaziridinyllithiums.
Authors: Takizawa Eiji , Nagaki Aiichiro , Yoshida Jun‐ichi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA flow microreactor system is set up to deprotonate N‐tosyl aziridines with PhLi immediately followed by quenching with different electrophiles.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Nα‐Z/Boc‐Protected S‐Linked 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole Tethered Peptidomimetics.
Authors: Sureshbabu Vommina V. , Vasantha B. , Nagendra G. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA simple synthesis of oxadiazoles (III) from hydrazides (I) and CS2 is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 8‐Aryl‐Substituted Coumarins Based on Ring‐Closing Metathesis and Suzuki—Miyaura Coupling: Synthesis of a Furyl Coumarin Natural Product from Galipea panamensis.
Authors: Schmidt Bernd , Krehl Stefan , Kelling Alexandra , Schilde Uwe 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe efficient approach to 8‐arylated coumarins includes the naturally occurring one (XI).
ChemInform Abstract: A Phosphane‐Mediated Diastereoselective, Domino aza‐Morita—Baylis—Hillman/Reduction Sequence Involving Water as Hydrogen Source.
Authors: Duvvuru Deepti , Retailleau Pascal , Betzer Jean‐Francois , Marinetti Angela 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the presence of water and tributylphosphane, conjugated dienes, imines and water afford functionalized coumarins (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 12‐Aryl‐8,9,10,12‐tetrahydrobenzo[a]xanthen‐11‐one Catalyzed by Silica Sulfuric Acid under Solvent‐Free Condition.
Authors: Song Ya‐Li , Lin Zhi‐Ping , Chen Guo‐Feng , Liu Quan‐Lin , Li Ji‐Tai 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe catalyst can be reused several times with only a slight loss of activity.
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Aryl‐2‐quinolones from 3,3‐Diarylacrylamides Through Intramolecular Copper‐Catalyzed C—H Functionalization/C—N Bond Formation.
Authors: Berrino Roberta , Cacchi Sandro , Fabrizi Giancarlo , Goggiamani Antonella 
Published: June 2012

AbstractStarting from unsymmetrical diarylacrylamides regioisomeric mixtures are obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) Hexafluorophosphate as an Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Triazolo[1,2‐a]indazole‐1,3,8‐trione and 2H‐Indazolo[2,1‐b]phthalazine‐trione Derivatives.
Authors: Azarifar Davood , Nejat‐Yami Razieh , Akrami Zahra , Sameri Fatemeh , Samadi Saadi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCopper‐catalyzed three‐component reaction of aromatic aldehydes (III) with dimedone (II) and phthalhydrazide (I) or urazole (V) under neat conditions provides title indazolophthalazines (IV) and triazoloindazoles (VI) in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Dual β2‐Adrenoceptor Agonists‐PDE4 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Asthma and COPD.
Authors: Shan Wen‐Jun , Huang Ling , Zhou Qi , Jiang Huai‐Lei , Luo Zong‐Hua , Lai Ke‐fang , Li Xing‐Shu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNovel representatives of dual pharmacology bronchodilators targeting both β2adrenoceptor and PDE4 are designed and synthesized.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Stereocontrolled Intramolecular Cycloaddition Reaction of Azomethine Ylide Activated by a Pyrimidine Ring: Access to Novel Tricyclic Hexahydro‐1H‐pyrrolo[2′,3′:4,5]pyrido[2,3‐d]pyrimidines.
Authors: Xie Hongxiang , Xiang Jinbao , Dang Qun , Bai Xu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe pyrimidine ring of the substrates promotes the formation of azomethine ylides whose subsequent intramolecular 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition produces a series of novel tricyclic N‐heterocycles in a completely stereoselective manner.
ChemInform Abstract: Chiral Nβ‐Fmoc‐amino Alkyl Isonitriles in Ugi‐4CR: An Assembly of Novel 1,1′‐Iminodicarboxylated Peptidomimetics.
Authors: Narendra N. , Vishwanatha T. M. , Nagendra G. , Sureshbabu Vommina V. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe known Ugi 5‐centre 3‐component reaction (U‐5C‐3CR) is restricted to the synthesis of peptidomimetic methyl esters such as (V), caused by the lesser reactivity of other alcohols compared to methanol (IV) during solvolysis of the cyclic intermediate.
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Rhamnosides from 6‐Thio Mannosides.
Authors: Christina Alphert E. , van der Es Daan , Dinkelaar Jasper , Overkleeft Hermen S. , van der Marel Gijsbert A. , Codee Jeroen D. C. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTo investigate the stereodirecting effect of a mannosyl C‐5 thioether moiety, a panel of trifluoroacetamidates, such as (I), is condensed with acceptors (II).
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Mixed‐Ligand Pd Catalytic System to Promote C—N Coupling for the Synthesis of N‐Arylaminotriazole Nucleosides.
Authors: Fan Yuting , Xia Yi , Tang Jingjie , Ziarelli Fabio , Qu Fanqi , Rocchi Palma , Iovanna Juan L. , Peng Ling 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe newly synthesized compounds are tested for their anticancer activity against the drug‐resistant pancreatic cancer MiaPaCa‐2 cells.
ChemInform Abstract: (E)‐, (Z)‐ and (E + Z)‐1,1′‐(1‐Propene‐1,3‐diyl)bis[1,1,1‐trimethylsilane]
Authors: Seashore‐Ludlow Brinton , Somfai Peter 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReview: 56 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Intrinsic Therapeutic Applications of Noble Metal Nanoparticles: Past, Present and Future
Authors: Arvizo Rochelle R. , Bhattacharyya Sanjib , Kudgus Rachel A. , Giri Karuna , Bhattacharya Resham , Mukherjee Priyabrata 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReview: 318 refs.
A Lagrangian Approach for the Incompressible Navier‐Stokes Equations with Variable Density
Authors: Danchin Raphaël , Mucha Piotr Bogusław 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe investigate the Cauchy problem for the inhomogeneous Navier‐Stokes equations in the whole n‐dimensional space. Under some smallness assumption on the data, we show the existence of global‐in‐time unique solutions in a critical functional framework. The initial density is required to belong to the multiplier space of \input amssym $\dot {B}^{n/p‐1}_{p,1}({\Bbb R}^n)$. In particular, piecewise‐constant initial densities are admissible data provided the jump at the interface is small enough and generate global unique solutions with piecewise constant densities. Using Lagrangian coordinates is the key to our results, as it enables us to solve the system by means of the basic contraction mapping theorem. As a consequence, conditions for uniqueness are the same as for existence. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biofilm Formation on Chromatic Sol–Gel/Polydiacetylene Films
Authors: Ritenberg Margarita , Kolusheva Sofiya , Ganin Hadas , Meijler Michael M. , Jelinek Raz 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBacterial biofilms are integrated, single‐ or multi‐species communities of cells that play profound roles in human health and disease. The formation of biofilms requires interactions between bacteria and the surfaces they colonize, and the surface can specifically impact the structure, function, and composition of these communities. Investigating biofilm formation in situ, their assembly kinetics, and particularly identifying substances that could interfere with or inhibit biofilm growth is thus a major scientific and practical goal. It is shown that thin dip‐coated films comprising a transparent sol–gel framework and polydiacetylene, a unique conjugated polymer that can undergo color and fluorescence transitions, both promote rapid growth of bacterial biofilms as well as allow colorimetric and fluorescence detection of biofilm formation. Microscopy data demonstrate that the bacterial cells and resultant biofilm specifically target the polydiacetylene domains embedded within the silica‐gel matrix, consequently inducing dramatic colorimetric and fluorescence transitions. The mesoporous silica/polydiacetylene matrix can further host other chemical substances allowing evaluation of their biofilm inhibitory effects through simple chromatic screening. Overall, the polydiacetylene/sol–gel films constitute a novel generic platform for promoting bacterial biofilms and their in situ analysis.
Sequence‐Specific Metallization of Single Divalent DNA–Nanoparticle Conjugates: A Potential Route to Single‐Electron Devices
Authors: Wang Guoqing , Ishikawa Ayako , Eguchi Asumi , Suzuki Yasunobu , Tanaka Shukichi , Matsuo Yasutaka , Niikura Kenichi , Ijiro Kuniharu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAlthough progress has been made in the construction of single‐electron devices (SEDs), few of the reported approaches have proved practically applicable, mainly owing to their cost‐ineffectiveness and need for sophisticated instrumentation. Herein, a conceptually new method for fabricating SEDs through the metallization of divalent DNA‐nanoparticle conjugates is described. Specifically, divalent DNA copolymers that are conjugated to gold nanoparticles (AuNP) were synthesized by application of the enzymatic extension of DNA conjugated on quantum‐sized AuNPs. This conjugate structure allows the distance between the resulting poly(dG)‐poly(dC) and the AuNP to be controlled by an ssDNA spacer. To afford poly(dG)‐poly(dC) sequence‐specific metal deposition, Cisplatin capable of specific chemisorption on the poly(dG)‐poly(dC) is incubated with the divalent DNA copolymer–AuNP conjugates, followed by reduction of the Cisplatin to Pt metal at base resolution. As a result, AuNPs separated from the Pt “electrodes” by the ssDNA barriers in a single conjugate could be created as a double‐tunnel junction for SEDs. This study is thought to be an important step toward the programmable organization of DNA for use in SEDs.
Slits affect the timely migration of neural crest cells via robo receptor
Authors: Giovannone Dion , Reyes Michelle , Reyes Rachel , Correa Lisa , Martinez Darwin , Ra Hannah , Gomez Gustavo , Kaiser Joshua , Ma Le , Stein Mary‐Pat , de Bellard Maria Elena 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBackground: Neural crest cells emerge by delamination from the dorsal neural tube and give rise to various components of the peripheral nervous system in vertebrate embryos. These cells change from non‐motile into highly motile cells migrating to distant areas before further differentiation. Mechanisms controlling delamination and subsequent migration of neural crest cells are not fully understood. Slit2, a chemorepellant for axonal guidance that repels and stimulates motility of trunk neural crest cells away from the gut has recently been suggested to be a tumor suppressor molecule. The goal of this study was to further investigate the role of Slit2 in trunk neural crest cell migration by constitutive expression in neural crest cells. Results: We found that Slit gain‐of‐function significantly impaired neural crest cell migration while Slit loss‐of‐function favored migration. In addition, we observed that the distribution of key cytoskeletal markers was disrupted in both gain and loss of function instances. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Slit molecules might be involved in the processes that allow neural crest cells to begin migrating and transitioning to a mesenchymal type. Developmental Dynamics 241:1274–1288, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing the roles of population density and predation risk in the evolution of offspring size in populations of a placental fish
Authors: Schrader Matthew , Travis Joseph 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPopulation density is an ecological variable that is hypothesized to be a major agent of selection on offspring size. In high‐density populations, high levels of intraspecific competition are expected to favor the production of larger offspring. In contrast, lower levels of intraspecific competition and selection for large offspring should be weaker and more easily overridden by direct selection for increased fecundity in low‐density populations. Some studies have found associations between population density and offspring size consistent with this hypothesis. However, their interpretations are often clouded by a number of issues. Here, we use data from a 10‐year study of nine populations of the least killifish, Heterandria formosa, to describe the associations of offspring size with habitat type, population density, and predation risk. We found that females from spring populations generally produced larger offspring than females from ponds; however, the magnitude of this difference varied among years. Across all populations, larger offspring were associated with higher densities and lower risks of predation. Interestingly, the associations between the two ecological variables (density and predation risk) and offspring size were largely independent of one another. Our results suggest that previously described genetic differences in offspring size are due to density‐dependent natural selection.
Hiding deep in the trees: discovery of divergent mitochondrial lineages in Malagasy chameleons of the Calumma nasutum group
Authors: Gehring Philip‐Sebastian , Tolley Krystal A. , Eckhardt Falk Sebastian , Townsend Ted M. , Ziegler Thomas , Ratsoavina Fanomezana , Glaw Frank , Vences Miguel 
Published: June 2012

AbstractWe conducted a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic study for a group of chameleons from Madagascar (Chamaeleonidae: Calumma nasutum group, comprising seven nominal species) to examine the genetic and species diversity in this widespread genus. Based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial gene (ND2) from 215 specimens, we reconstructed the phylogeny using a Bayesian approach. Our results show deep divergences among several unnamed mitochondrial lineages that are difficult to identify morphologically. We evaluated lineage diversification using a number of statistical phylogenetic methods (general mixed Yule‐coalescent model; SpeciesIdentifier; net p‐distances) to objectively delimit lineages that we here consider as operational taxonomic units (OTUs), and for which the taxonomic status remains largely unknown. In addition, we compared molecular and morphological differentiation in detail for one particularly diverse clade (the C. boettgeri complex) from northern Madagascar. To assess the species boundaries within this group we used an integrative taxonomic approach, combining evidence from two independent molecular markers (ND2 and CMOS), together with genital and other external morphological characters, and conclude that some of the newly discovered OTUs are separate species (confirmed candidate species, CCS), while others should best be considered as deep conspecific lineages (DCLs). Our analysis supports a total of 33 OTUs, of which seven correspond to described species, suggesting that the taxonomy of the C. nasutum group is in need of revision.
IL‐13‐producing Th1 and Th17 cells characterize adaptive responses to both self and foreign antigens
Authors: Gallo Eugenio , Katzman Shoshana , Villarino Alejandro V. 
Published: June 2012

In helper T cells, IL‐13 is traditionally considered a Th2‐type cytokine that is coexpressed with IL‐4. Using mouse models of immunization and autoimmunity, we demonstrate that IL‐13 is frequently uncoupled from IL‐4, and that it can be produced by both IFN‐γ+ Th1 cells and IL‐17+ Th17 cells. We report that these IL‐13‐producing Th1 and Th17 cells are distinct from classical IL‐4+ Th2 cells and that they are relatively common, appearing in the context of both protective and pathogenic T‐cell responses. We also demonstrate that IL‐13 and Th2‐type cytokines can have important consequences in Th1‐ and Th17‐dominated settings, such as lymphopenia‐induced autoimmune disease, where they can be either pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory, depending on whether they act on innate or adaptive immune cells. Taken together, our studies indicate that IL‐13 production is more widespread than previously appreciated and that blocking this cytokine may have therapeutic benefits even in settings where traditional IL‐4‐driven Th2‐type responses are not evident.
Ba and Gd Doping Effect in (BaxSr1–x)0.95Gd0.05Co0.8Fe0.2O3–δ (x = 0.1–0.9) Cathode on the Phase Structure and Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Li Z. , Wei B. , Lü Z. , Zhu X. , Huang X. , Zhang Y. , Guo Z. , Su W. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn this study, BaxSr1–xCo0.8Fe0.2O3–δ (BSCF) doped with trace of Gd were studied for phase structures and properties about thermal expansion, electrical conductivity, and electrocatalytic activity. The solution range of barium in BaxSr1–xCo0.8Fe0.2O3–δ can be extended to 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.7 after the introduction of small amount of Gd3+ ions (only for 5%) into the Ba/Sr‐site. The calculation results of the crystal structure and the crystal lattice energy show that the ratio of Ba/Sr and doping of Gd3+ lead to increase the lattice parameter and the Co/Fe ionic average valence state in B‐site. Moreover, the ratio of Ba/Sr and doping of Gd3+ were found to have significant impacts on the high‐temperature physical properties and electrochemical characteristics. All oxides exhibited decreases in the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) and electrical conductivity with increasing Ba/Sr ratio. Barium insertion was found to change the area‐specific resistance (ASR) of porous (not dense) cathodes. An ASR values of 0.048, 0.072, 0.064, 0.121, and 0.059 Ω cm2 under air condition were observed at 650 °C for BSGCF with x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7, respectively.
Statins modulate transcriptional activity of heme‐oxygenase‐1 promoter in NIH 3T3 Cells
Authors: Mrad May F. , Mouawad Charbel A. , Al‐Hariri Moustafa , Eid Assaad A. , Alam Jawed , Habib Aïda 
Published: June 2012

AbstractStatins, inhibitors of HMG CoA reductase, have pleiotropic effects independent of their capacity to lower cholesterol. Heme‐oxygenase‐1(HO‐1) plays an important role as an anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory enzyme. In the present study, we used NIH 3T3 cells which express HO‐1 to investigate the molecular mechanisms of HO‐1 induction by statins. Simvastatin or fluvastatin induced a significant increase in HO‐1 protein expression and mRNA levels. Both statins stimulated activity of a mouse HO‐1 promoter (−1,287 to +73 bp)/luciferase reporter gene, 3.25 ± 0.23 (Mean ± S.E.M., n = 15, P < 0.001, t‐test) and 3.13 ± 0.33 (Mean ± S.E.M., n = 6, P < 0.001, t‐test), respectively. This effect was more pronounced in the short proximal promoter than the full promoter of HO‐1. Gel retardation experiments for C/EBP and upstream stimulatory factor (USF) DNA‐binding activities using simvastatin‐ or fluvastatin‐treated cells showed significant nuclear protein‐DNA complexes which were supershifted with antibodies specific for C/EBP β and δ or USF‐1 and USF‐2. Point mutations of the proximal HO‐1 promoter (−149 to +73 bp) for the myc/max which binds USF or the C/EBP binding sequences showed a reduction in statin‐induced reporter activity whereas no role of the distal C/EBP binding elements located at −4 kb was observed. Moreover, overexpression of mutated C/EBP β and USF factor or the siRNA for both factors supported a role of these transcription factors in statin‐dependent induction of HO‐1, with a clearer effect for C/EBP. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3466–3475, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effect of Exogenous Testosterone on Ectoparasite Loads in Free‐Ranging Western Fence Lizards
Authors: POLLOCK NICHOLAS B. , VREDEVOE LARISA K. , TAYLOR EMILY N. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTNumerous factors impact the dynamics of host‐parasite relationships, such as host sex, hormonal state, reproductive condition, host health, and behavior. In particular, males from a variety of taxa frequently carry heavier parasite burdens than females, particularly during breeding season when testosterone concentrations are elevated. Using western fence lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis), we tested the hypothesis that high circulating testosterone concentrations in male lizards induce high tick and mite loads. We implanted male lizards with either testosterone or control implants in the field during the spring, when tick and mite loads are highest. One month later, testosterone‐implanted males had significantly higher tick loads, but lower mite loads, than control males. These results suggest that testosterone differentially impacts ectoparasitic acarine burdens. Testosterone may modulate aspects of lizard physiology and behavior that enhance or diminish parasitism by certain acarines during periods of peak reproductive effort.J. Exp. Zool. 00A:1‐9, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) with retrospective motion correction for large‐scale pediatric imaging
Authors: Holdsworth Samantha J. , Aksoy Murat , Newbould Rexford D. , Yeom Kristen , Van Anh T. , Ooi Melvyn B. , Barnes Patrick D. , Bammer Roland , Skare Stefan 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPurpose:To develop and implement a clinical DTI technique suitable for the pediatric setting that retrospectively corrects for large motion without the need for rescanning and/or reacquisition strategies, and to deliver high‐quality DTI images (both in the presence and absence of large motion) using procedures that reduce image noise and artifacts.Materials and Methods:We implemented an in‐house built generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA)‐accelerated diffusion tensor (DT) echo‐planar imaging (EPI) sequence at 1.5T and 3T on 1600 patients between 1 month and 18 years old. To reconstruct the data, we developed a fully automated tailored reconstruction software that selects the best GRAPPA and ghost calibration weights; does 3D rigid‐body realignment with importance weighting; and employs phase correction and complex averaging to lower Rician noise and reduce phase artifacts. For select cases we investigated the use of an additional volume rejection criterion and b‐matrix correction for large motion.Results:The DTI image reconstruction procedures developed here were extremely robust in correcting for motion, failing on only three subjects, while providing the radiologists high‐quality data for routine evaluation.Conclusion:This work suggests that, apart from the rare instance of continuous motion throughout the scan, high‐quality DTI brain data can be acquired using our proposed integrated sequence and reconstruction that uses a retrospective approach to motion correction. In addition, we demonstrate a substantial improvement in overall image quality by combining phase correction with complex averaging, which reduces the Rician noise that biases noisy data. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;36:961–971. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.