bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing Global Stability of M-Pox Disease Dynamics: Mathematical Insights into Detection and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Olopade Isaac A. , Akinwumi T. O. , Philemon M. E. , Mohammed I. T. , Sangoniyi S. O. , Adeniran G. A. , Ajao S. O. , Bello B. O. , Adesanya A. O. 
Published: April 2024

In this research, a mathematical model is constructed to scrutinize the transmission patterns of monkeypox (mpox), with a specific emphasis on integrating the early detection of infected undetected individuals to curb its transmission. This research takes into account a range of factors influencing the propagation of monkeypox, encompassing population demographics, contact dynamics, and the efficacy of early detection of unidentified infected individuals. Employing the next-generation matrix method, the basic reproduction number (R0) is computed, revealing that the disease-free equilibrium state is locally asymptotically stable when (R0<1). This suggests that containment of monkeypox is achievable within a human populace where (R0) remains below one (1), yet it transitions to an endemic state when (R0) exceeds this critical value one (1). Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the robustness of our findings to variations in model parameters. Utilizing numerical simulations conducted via MAPLE 18, we demonstrate the significance of prompt identification and immediate intervention for infected individuals who may otherwise go undetected, in effectively diminishing the dynamic propagation of monkeypox. The results underscore the pivotal role of early detection in mitigating monkeypox outbreaks and curtailing transmission rates.
Investigation on the behaviors of water infiltration in the unsaturated loess
Authors: Xi Yu , Hua Xue-Qing , Li Gang , Wang Peng-Zhou , Yang Sha-Sha 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Surface water from precipitation or irrigation is the sole contributor to groundwater replenishment in the Loess Plateau of China. The occurrence of landslides in the Loess Plateau is closely related to the infiltration process of surface water, and the frequent occurrence of landslides in the Loess Plateau in recent years has seriously affected the economic development and security of the Loess Plateau.Methods: To investigate the loess infiltration in deeper soil, the process of moisture infiltration in unsaturated loess is studied by field observation, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation.Results and discussion: The research results indicated that the interstitial flow in loess could be divided into three different zones: the active zone, the stable zone (2–94 m), and the saturated zone (below 97 m); based on the matric suction and water content calculations, the L1 soil stable water content is 24.4%, which corresponds to the moisture sensor measurement of L1 loess 4 m and 7 m of stable zone data; the numerical simulation results show that whether the infiltration is continuous or intermittent, the infiltration law is the same. After 20 years, there will be a stable water content zone in the 1–8 m soil layer with a water content of 31%. The numerical results well confirm the theoretical calculation results. The research results explain the process of surface water infiltration into groundwater through thick loess and can provide an important reference for the prevention and control of geological disasters caused by water infiltration in loess areas.
Prognostic value of postoperative anti-thyroglobulin antibody in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
Authors: Zhao Yihan , Mu Zhuanzhuan , Liang Dongquan , Zhang Teng , Zhang Xin , Sun Di , Sun Yuqing , Liang Jun , Lin Yansong 
Published: April 2024

PurposePostoperative thyroglobulin (Tg) generally serves as a biomarker to monitor the recurrence or persistence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), whereas it constrains to interference from anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb). This study aimed to determine the value of postoperative TgAb as a surrogate for monitoring tumor status in DTCs with positive TgAb after successful radioactive iodine (RAI) remnant ablation.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled DTC patients with positive (≥40 IU/mL, Roche) postoperative TgAb measurements. An index of TgAb change (ΔTgAb) was defined to describe the TgAb decrease rate. DTC status was defined as either no evidence of disease (NED) or persistent/recurrent disease (PRD). Univariate and multivariate binary logistic analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors of PRD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to determine the optimal cutoff values of each risk factor, and DeLong’s test was conducted to compare their predictive powers. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to assess the impact of different TgAb trends in the first year on progression-free survival.ResultsOf the 232 patients enrolled, the median diagnosis age was 34 years (range, 18–62 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 1:4.66 (41/191). Among them, after a median follow-up of 44 months (range, 4–128 months),183 (78.87%) patients were evaluated as NED, while the other 49 (21.12%) had either persistent (n = 25) or recurrent disease (n = 24). Multivariate regression showed that ΔTgAb (P &lt; 0.001) and lymph node metastasis (LNM) rate (P = 0.009) were independently relevant to the presence of PRD, with optimal cutoff values of 47.0% and 35.1%, respectively. It is important to note that there is a high negative predictive value (96.93%) of ΔTgAb with the cutoff of 47.0%. DeLong’s test showed that ΔTgAb alone and the combination of ΔTgAb and LNM rate were significantly greater than the isolated LNM rate (both P &lt; 0.001) in predicting NED, while there was no statistical difference of the predictive power between ΔTgAb and the combination (P = 0.203). Additionally, patients with ΔTgAb &gt;47.0% had longer progression-free survival than those with ΔTgAb ≤47.0% (not reached vs. 50 months, P &lt; 0.001), and those with ΔTgAb &gt;47.0% or negative conversion within the first year after RAI ablation had longer progression-free survival.ConclusionOur study suggested that ΔTgAb could serve as a valuable indicator of disease status in DTC patients with positive TgAb. A ΔTgAb of &gt;47.0% is conducive to identify those with NED and may help to obviate their overtreatment. The decrease rate and negative conversion of TgAb in the first year were good predictors of disease-free survival in patients.
Early detection of diabetic neuropathy based on health belief model: a scoping review
Authors: Purwanti Okti Sri , Nursalam Nursalam , Pandin Moses Glorino Rumambo 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionUncontrolled blood sugar levels may result in complications, namely diabetic neuropathy. Diabetic neuropathy is a nerve disorder that causes symptoms of numbness, foot deformity, dry skin, and thickening of the feet. The severity of diabetic neuropathy carries the risk of developing diabetic ulcers and amputation. Early detection of diabetic neuropathy can prevent the risk of diabetic ulcers. The purpose: to identify early detection of diabetic neuropathy based on the health belief model.MethodThis research searched for articles in 6 databases via Scopus, Ebsco, Pubmed, Sage journal, Science Direct, and SpringerLink with the keywords “screening Neuropathy” AND “Detection Neuropathy” AND “Scoring Neuropathy” AND “Diabetic” published in 2019-2023. In this study, articles were identified based on PICO analysis. Researchers used rayyan.AI in the literature selection process and PRISMA Flow-Chart 2020 to record the article filtering process. To identify the risk of bias, researchers used the JBI checklist for diagnostic test accuracy.ResultsThis research identified articles through PRISMA Flow-Chart 2020, obtaining 20 articles that discussed early detection of diabetic neuropathy.ConclusionThis review reports on the importance of early detection of neuropathy for diagnosing neuropathy and determining appropriate management. Neuropathy patients who receive appropriate treatment can prevent the occurrence of diabetic ulcers. The most frequently used neuropathy instruments are the vibration perception threshold (VPT) and questionnaire Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI). Health workers can combine neuropathy instruments to accurately diagnose neuropathy.
The post-septic peripheral myeloid compartment reveals unexpected diversity in myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Authors: Barrios Evan L. , Leary Jack R. , Darden Dijoia B. , Rincon Jaimar C. , Willis Micah , Polcz Valerie E. , Gillies Gwendolyn S. , Munley Jennifer A. , Dirain Marvin L. , Ungaro Ricardo , Nacionales Dina C. , Gauthier Marie-Pierre L. , Larson Shawn D. , Morel Laurence , Loftus Tyler J. , Mohr Alicia M. , Maile Robert , Kladde Michael P. , Mathews Clayton E. , Brusko Maigan A. , Brusko Todd M. , Moldawer Lyle L. , Bacher Rhonda , Efron Philip A. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSepsis engenders distinct host immunologic changes that include the expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). These cells play a physiologic role in tempering acute inflammatory responses but can persist in patients who develop chronic critical illness.MethodsCellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes by Sequencing and transcriptomic analysis are used to describe MDSC subpopulations based on differential gene expression, RNA velocities, and biologic process clustering.ResultsWe identify a unique lineage and differentiation pathway for MDSCs after sepsis and describe a novel MDSC subpopulation. Additionally, we report that the heterogeneous response of the myeloid compartment of blood to sepsis is dependent on clinical outcome.DiscussionThe origins and lineage of these MDSC subpopulations were previously assumed to be discrete and unidirectional; however, these cells exhibit a dynamic phenotype with considerable plasticity.
Biological effects of intraoperative radiation therapy: histopathological changes and immunomodulation in breast cancer patients
Authors: Orozco Javier I. J. , Valdez Betsy J. , Matsuba Chikako , Simanonok Michael P. , Ensenyat-Mendez Miquel , Ramiscal Judi Anne B. , Salomon Matthew P. , Takasumi Yuki , Grumley Janie G. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionIntraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) delivers a single accelerated radiation dose to the breast tumor bed during breast-conserving surgery (BCS). The synergistic biologic effects of simultaneous surgery and radiation remain unclear. This study explores the cellular and molecular changes induced by IORT in the tumor microenvironment and its impact on the immune response modulation.MethodsPatients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), or early-stage invasive breast carcinoma undergoing BCS with margin re-excision were included. Histopathological evaluation and RNA-sequencing in the re-excision tissue were compared between patients with IORT (n=11) vs. non-IORT (n=11).ResultsSquamous metaplasia with atypia was exclusively identified in IORT specimens (63.6%, p=0.004), mimicking DCIS. We then identified 1,662 differentially expressed genes (875 upregulated and 787 downregulated) between IORT and non-IORT samples. Gene ontology analyses showed that IORT was associated with the enrichment of several immune response pathways, such as inflammatory response, granulocyte activation, and T-cell activation (p&lt;0.001). When only considering normal tissue from both cohorts, IORT was associated with intrinsic apoptotic signaling, response to gamma radiation, and positive regulation of programmed cell death (p&lt;0.001). Using the xCell algorithm, we inferred a higher abundance of γδ T-cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes in the IORT samples.ConclusionIORT induces histological changes, including squamous metaplasia with atypia, and elicits molecular alterations associated with immune response and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. The increased abundance of immune-related components in breast tissue exposed to IORT suggests a potential shift towards active immunogenicity, particularly immune-desert tumors like HR-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer.
Spontaneous immunological activities in the target tissue of vitiligo-prone Smyth and vitiligo-susceptible Brown lines of chicken
Authors: Falcon Daniel M. , Byrne Kristen A. , Sales Marites A. , Erf Gisela F. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionVitiligo is an acquired de-pigmentation disorder characterized by the post-natal loss of epidermal melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) resulting in the appearance of white patches in the skin. The Smyth chicken is the only model for vitiligo that shares all the characteristics of the human condition including: spontaneous post-natal loss of epidermal melanocytes, interactions between genetic, environmental and immunological factors, and associations with other autoimmune diseases. In addition, an avian model for vitiligo has the added benefit of an easily accessible target tissue (a growing feather) that allows for the repeated sampling of an individual and thus the continuous monitoring of local immune responses over time.MethodsUsing a combination of flow cytometry and gene expression analyses, we sought to gain a comprehensive understanding of the initiating events leading to expression of vitiligo in growing feathers by monitoring the infiltration of leukocytes and concurrent immunological activities in the target tissue beginning prior to visual onset and continuing throughout disease development.ResultsHere, we document a sequence of immunologically significant events, including characteristic rises in infiltrating B and αβ T cells as well as evidence of active leukocyte recruitment and cell-mediated immune activities (CCL19, IFNG, GZMA) leading up to visual vitiligo onset. Examination of growing feathers from vitiligo-susceptible Brown line chickens revealed anti-inflammatory immune activities which may be responsible for preventing vitiligo (IL10, CTLA4, FOXP3). Furthermore, we detected positive correlations between infiltrating T cells and changes in their T cell receptor diversity supporting a T cell-specific immune response.ConclusionCollectively, these results further support the notion of cell-mediated immune destruction of epidermal melanocytes in the pulp of growing feathers and open new avenues of study in the vitiligo-prone Smyth and vitiligo-susceptible Brown line chickens.
Development and evaluation of a “simulator-based” ultrasound training program for university teaching in obstetrics and gynecology–the prospective GynSim study
Authors: Weimer Johannes , Recker Florian , Hasenburg Annette , Buggenhagen Holger , Karbach Karla , Beer Lia , Weimer Andreas , Schiestl Lina , Lorenz Liv , Kloeckner Roman , Dionysopoulou Anna 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis study addresses the challenges of ultrasound education in obstetrics and gynecology, focusing on the potential benefits of simulation techniques in medical training. Aiming to evaluate the impact of a structured simulator-based training program, this prospective, randomized, interventional study examines its effects on educational outcomes for 5th year medical students.MethodsA total of 153 medical students were randomized into two groups: one receiving both theoretical instruction and hands-on ultrasound simulator training (study group), and the other receiving only theoretical instruction (control group). The study assessed theoretical knowledge and practical skills at two time points: upon enrollment and at the end of the course. The practical skills were specifically evaluated using a dedicated test on the ultrasound simulator.ResultsOut of 153 students, 113 completed the study (study group n=59, control group n=54). The students in the study group demonstrated a greater improvement in theoretical test scores. They also achieved better results at the practical test, with regard to image quality, accuracy, and efficiency. Both groups showed an increase in self-confidence and competency in performing ultrasound examinations independently. Students expressed high satisfaction with the course and a positive attitude toward simulator-based training.DiscussionSimulator-based training presents a valuable supplement to traditional clinical education methods in obstetrics and gynecology. This approach is particularly effective in overcoming the challenges posed by the sensitive nature of gynecological examinations in medical student training. The study highlights the benefits of integrating simulator-based methods into medical curricula, improving both theoretical and practical ultrasound skills among students.
Agreement between the activPAL accelerometer and direct observation during a series of gait and sit-to-stand tasks in people living with cervical dystonia
Authors: Yaqoob Irum , Gusso Silmara , Simpson Mark , Meiring Rebecca M. 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundAccelerometers are commonly used for the assessment of PA; however, these devices have not been validated in people with dystonia who experience movement limitations. To properly understand movement behaviors and deliver accurate exercise prescription in this population, the validity of these devices must be tested.ObjectiveThis study aimed to validate step count and postural transitions detected by the activPAL accelerometer (AP) against direct observation (DO) during two functional assessments: the 30-s sit-to-stand (30STS) and 6-min usual-pace walk tests. Methods: A total of 11 participants with cervical dystonia (CD) (male/female n = 5/6; mean age = 61 years; BMI = 24 kg/m2) performed the 6-min usual pace walking and 30STS while wearing the activPAL. A trained observer counted steps and observed the number of sit-to-stands.ResultsThe average step count detected with AP and DO was 651.8 (218–758) and 654.5 (287–798) respectively. The average transitions detected were 11 (4–16) and 12 (4–17) respectively. Both methods showed good agreement and there was a statistically significant and strong correlation between the two methods, i.e., transitions (r = 0.983, p = 0.0001), and step counts (r = 0.9841, p = 0.0001).ConclusionThere is a good agreement between activPAL and direct observation for step counts and transitions between sitting and standing in people living with CD.
Bibliometric and visual analysis of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (2004-2023)
Authors: Tian Shao-Chuang , Yang Jing , Li Xin , Huang Rong-Xia , Chen Jian 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundPatients undergoing chemotherapy often encounter troubling and common side effects, notably Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). This side effect not only impairs the patient’s quality of life but could also result in the interruption or discontinuation of the chemotherapy treatment. Consequently, research into CINV has consistently remained a focal point in the realm of clinical medicine. In this research domain, bibliometric analysis has not been conducted. The purpose of this study is to deliver a thorough summary of the knowledge framework and key areas of interest in the field of Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, using bibliometric methods. This approach aims to furnish novel concepts and pathways for investigators working in this area.MethodsPublications focusing on Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, spanning from 2004 to 2023, were identified using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package “bibliometrix” were employed for this bibliometric analysis.ResultsThis research covers 734 publications from 61 countries, with the United States and China being the primary contributors. There has been a significant rise in the volume of papers published in the most recent decade compared to the one before it, spanning over the past twenty years. However, the annual publication rate in the last ten years has not shown a significant upward trend. The University of Toronto, Merck &amp; Co., Sun Yat-sen University, and Helsinn Healthcare SA emerged as the principal research institutions in this field. Supportive Care in Cancer stands out as the most frequently published and cited journal in this domain. These works are contributed by 3,917 authors, with Rudolph M Navari, Matti Aapro, Shimokawa Mototsugu, and Lee Schwartzberg being among those who have published the most. Paul J. Hesketh is notably the most co-cited author. The primary focus of this research field lies in exploring the mechanisms of CINV and the therapeutic strategies for managing it. Key emerging research hotspots are represented by terms such as “Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,” “nausea,” “vomiting,” “chemotherapy,” and “antiemetics.”ConclusionThis represents the inaugural bibliometric study to thoroughly outline the research trends and advancements in the field of CINV. It highlights the latest research frontiers and trending directions, offering valuable insights for scholars engaged in studying CINV.
A three miRNAs panel in paraffin tissue serves as tool for predicting prognosis of renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Wenkang , Wang Wuping , Zhao Zhengping , Wen Zhenyu , Li Yingqi , Ge Zhenjian , Lai Yongqing , Ni Liangchao 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) stands as the most prevalent form of urogenital cancer. However, there is currently no universally accepted method for predicting the prognosis of RCC. MiRNA holds great potential as a prognostic biomarker for RCC.MethodsA total of 100 cases with complete paraffin specimens and over 5-year follow-up data meeting the requirements were collected. Utilizing the clinical information and follow-up data of the specimens, an information model was developed. The expression levels of eight microRNAs were identified using RT-qPCR. Finally, determine and analyze the clinical application value of these microRNAs as prognostic markers for RCC.ResultsSignificant differences were observed in the expression of two types of miRNAs (miR-378a-5p, miR-23a-5p) in RCC tissue, and three types of miRNAs (miR-378a-5p, miR-642a-5p, miR-23a-5p) were found to be linked to the prognosis of RCC. Establish biomarker combinations of miR-378a-5p, miR-642a-5p, and miR-23a-5p to evaluate RCC prognosis.ConclusionThe combination of three microRNA groups (miR-378a-5p, miR-642a-5p, and miR-23a-5p) identified in paraffin section specimens of RCC in this study holds significant potential as biomarkers for assessing RCC prognosis.