bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
8 kbit/s short and medium delay speech codecs based on CELP coding
Authors: Hayashi Shinji , Kataoka Akitoshi , Moriya Takehiro 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses two speech‐coding algorithms at around 8 kbit/s. These algorithms both use pre‐selection in the codebook search and training for the conjugate structured random codebook. One has short‐delay time that can dispense with echo‐control equipment. This algorithm is robust against channel errors by using LPC analysis separated from pitch excitation, although LPC parameters are derived from the locally decoded signal. The other algorithm has medium‐delay time and meets all the requirements of the ITU‐T (formerly CCITT) 8 kbit/s speech coding standard. The performance of these codecs is evaluated using signal to noise ratio (SNR), pair comparison tests with a modulated noise reference unit (MNRU), and Mean Opinion Score (MOS). The major applications of these codecs are personal handy phone systems and FPLMTS.
Variable bit‐rate CELP coding of speech with phonetic classification
Authors: Paksoy Erdal , Gersho Allen , Srinivasan Krishnaswamy 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA variable bit‐rate speech coder intended for digital cellular applications is described. A voice activity detection algorithm is used to distinguish active speech from background noise. Each frame of active speech is further classified to distinguish between three phonetic categories: voiced, unvoiced, and onset. Each input frame is assigned one of five bit rates according to voice activity and phonetic classification and coded using an analysis‐by‐synthesis algorithm tailored to the needs of the class that it belongs to. The resulting coder, calledVariable Rate Phonetic Segmentation, produces good quality speech at an average bit‐rate below 3 kbit/s when operating with a voice activity factor of 0.5. Informal subjective quality assessment for speech in clean and noisy backgrounds indicates a performance that is comparable to the TIA standard QCELP algorithm while operating at a 25% to 40% lower average bit rate.
Architecture of on integrated GSM‐satellite system
Authors: Delli Priscoli Francesco 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe integration of satellite systems with cellular networks permits to provide wider and more efficient area coverage. This paper deals with the network aspects related to a full integration between the Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) pan‐European cellular network and a spot‐beam geostationary satellite. The basic requirements of full integration are that the insertion of the satellite system does not entail any modification on the already existing GSM network and that the satellite system reuses, as far as possible, the same equipment and protocols, i.e. the same hardware and software, as the GSM network. In the fully integrated system the user need not be aware whether the actual connection goes through the satellite or the cellular network. In particular, this paper identifies the satellite system counterpart of the GSM functional areas (cell, location area, MSC area, PLMN area) and deals with the problems and the relevant solutions related to the extension of the GSM procedures (e.g. call set‐up, cell selection/reselection, handover, initial acquisition, tracking) to the integrated network. This paper is partly based upon the work performed by the author in the framework of an European Space Agency (ESA) study on the compatibility between satellite systems and the GSM cellular network (Telespazio is the prime contractor of this study) and partly results from the cooperation of the author with the INFOCOM department of the University of Rome “La Sapienza”. The opinions herewith reported are not necessarily those of ESA.
Thermal properties of alkali‐activated aluminosilicate composite with lightweight aggregates at elevated temperatures
Authors: Zuda Lucie , Rovnaník Pavel , Bayer Patrik , Černý Robert 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity and linear thermal expansion coefficient of a lightweight composite with alkali‐activated aluminosilicate binder and heat‐resistant aggregate mixture of expanded vermiculite and electrical porcelain are measured in a wide temperature range. Experimental results show that the studied material has good prerequisites for high‐temperature applications. The apparent thermal diffusivity at one‐sided heating is significantly lower than at room temperature, and decreases for temperatures higher than 400∘C. The effective specific heat capacity at elevated temperatures increases with temperature in almost the whole analyzed temperature range. The linear thermal expansion coefficient is substantially lower compared with common cement‐based composites. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Novel Graphitised Carbonaceous Materials for Use as a Highly Corrosion‐Tolerant Catalyst Support in Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells
Authors: Miyazaki K. , Shirakata H. , Abe T. , Yoshizawa N. , Ogumi Z. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCathode catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) are prepared by depositing Pt nanoparticles on carbon nanospheres (CNSs) and graphitised carbon nanospheres (GCNSs), and their corrosion‐tolerance and electrocatalytic activities for the oxygen reduction reaction are evaluated. Transmission electron micrographs show that the deposited Pt nanoparticles are well dispersed on CNSs. In Pt/GCNS, Pt nanoparticles accumulate selectively along the edges of GCNSs' polygonal surfaces. Electrochemical measurements with a rotating‐ring disk electrode in an O2‐saturated H2SO4 solution show that Pt/GCNS and Pt/CNS produce less H2O2 during oxygen reduction, compared to that obtained with a Pt catalyst on carbon black (CB). Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that GCNSs show greater combustion‐tolerance than CNSs and CB. Furthermore, GCNSs show excellent electrochemical corrosion‐tolerance in a H2SO4 solution. These results indicate that GCNSs are superior for use as carbon supports, and can serve as cathode catalysts in PEFCs even under oxidative conditions.
Infant sensitivity to negative maternal emotional shifts: Effects of infant sex, maternal postnatal depression, and interactive style
Authors: Hatzinikolaou Kornilia , Murray Lynne 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study examined the effects of infant sex, maternal postnatal depression, and maternal interactive style on infant sensitivity to maternal negative emotional shifts. Face‐to‐face interactions of 68 mother–infant dyads were analyzed at 8 and 18 weeks. Twenty‐five (28%) mothers had postnatal depression. Interactions were analyzed in terms of overall maternal interactive style: “sensitive,” “anxious,” “intrusive,” and “sad.” Episodes of negative shifts in maternal emotional expression were recorded, along with expressions of infant sensitivity to these changes. Daughters of depressed mothers showed higher rates of sensitivity to maternal negative emotion whereas their sons showed lower rates, in comparison to both girl and boy infants of well mothers. While maternal interactive style had no effect on 8‐week infant sensitivity to maternal negative emotional shifts, high rates of 18‐week infant sensitivity were predicted by both an 8‐week and a concurrent, “sad” maternal interactive style. The findings are discussed in relation to theories of emotional and interpersonal development.
Assessing parenting risk within the context of severe and persistent mental illness: Validating an observational measure for families with child protective service involvement
Authors: Ostler Teresa 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWomen with severe and persistent mental illness (SMI) face formidable challenges as parents. While many raise their children to adulthood, others struggle considerably in the parenting role. In cases where there is child protective service involvement, an assessment may be requested to establish what risks an individual with SMI poses as a parent. Unfortunately, many current approaches to parenting assessments have serious methodological problems. One problem is a lack of valid and reliable measures to assess the parenting behavior of individuals with SMI who have child protective service involvement. In an effort to improve the quality of parenting assessments for this vulnerable group, this study drew on a sample of mothers with SMI who had lost custody of a child to examine the reliability and validity of the Child and Adult Relational Experimental Index (CARE‐Index), an observational measure of parenting behavior. Independent and trained raters achieved a high level of reliability on the measure. Mothers' ratings on the measure also were associated with children's interactive behavior and with an estimation of risk based on a multifaceted, comprehensive assessment. The measure's relation to estimation of risk remained significant when two other predictors of risk, maternal caregiving attitudes and insight into mental illness, were considered. Taken together, the findings suggest that the measure can provide reliable, valid, and independent information on parenting behavior that could inform comprehensive, multifaceted assessments of parenting risk.
Acellular dermal matrix graft: Synergistic effect of rehydration and natural crosslinking on mechanical properties
Authors: Bottino Marco C. , Thomas Vinoy , Jose Moncy V. , Dean Derrick R. , Janowski Gregg M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis investigation studied how the incorporation of a natural crosslinking agent, genipin (Gp), into the AlloDerm® (AD) rehydration protocol affects the biomechanical properties and the stability of the collagenous matrix. AD is a minimally processed, noncrosslinked, freeze‐dried collagen‐based graft. Samples were immersed in a saline solution for 5 min and then randomly assigned for further rehydration (30 min) into three groups, according to the crosslinking agent: G1‐control (saline), G2‐1 wt % genipin, and G3‐1 wt % glutaraldehyde. Gp crosslinking for a prolonged time of 6 h (G4) was also investigated. After washing (5 min), samples were mechanically tested wet in tension. G2 demonstrated a significantly higher ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and E relative to G1. However, G3 did not show a noteworthy increase in these properties. A significant enhancement in UTS was found when Gp exposure time was increased from 30 min to 6 h. FT‐IR revealed a protein backbone with no significant peak shifting for all samples due to crosslinking. However, a considerable decrease in ‐NH2 peak intensity occurred due to crosslinking reactions. Additionally, DSC analyses indicated an important shift in the denaturation temperature for crosslinked samples. SEM micrographs revealed no alterations in the native fibrous morphology after crosslinking. Simultaneous genipin incorporation during the rehydration protocol of AlloDerm significantly enhances its biomechanical properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
The role of the hospitalist in quality improvement: Systems for improving the care of patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Whelan Chad T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractQuality improvement (QI) initiatives for systems of care are vital to deliver quality care for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and hospitalists are instrumental to the QI process. Core hospitalist competencies include the development of protocols and outcomes measures that support quality of care measures established for ACS. The hospitalist may lead, coordinate, or participate in a multidisciplinary team that designs, implements, and assesses an institutional system of care to address rapid identification of patients with ACS, medication safety, safe discharge, and meeting core measures that are quality benchmarks for ACS. The use of metrics and tools such as process flow mapping and run charts can identify quality gaps and show progress toward goals. These tools may be used to assess whether critical timeframes are met, such as the time to fibrinolysis or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), or whether patients receive guideline‐recommended medications and counseling. At the institutional level, Project BOOST (Better Outcomes for Older Adults Through Safe Transitions) is an initiative designed to improve outcomes in elderly patients who are at higher risk for adverse events during the transition from inpatient to outpatient care. BOOST offers resources related to project management and data collection, and tools for patients and physicians. Collection and analysis of objective data are essential for documenting quality gaps or achievement of quality benchmarks. Through QI initiatives, the hospitalist has an opportunity to contribute to an institution's success beyond direct patient care, particularly as required for public disclosure of institutional performance and financial incentives promoted by regulatory agencies. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2010;5:S1–S7. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Comparison of laboratory diagnostic methods for measles infection and identification of measles virus genotypes in Hong Kong
Authors: Woo Gibson K.S. , Wong Ann H. , Lee W.Y. , Lau C.S. , Cheng Peter K.C. , Leung Peter C.K. , Lim Wilina W.L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe sensitivities of IgM detection, virus isolation, and RT‐PCR for the diagnosis of measles infection were assessed using samples collected from confirmed measles cases from 2006 to 2009. The optimal timing of specimen collection and the preferred specimen type(s) for these tests were also determined. IgM detection showed highest sensitivity when serum samples were collected ≥5 days after rash onset. Virus isolation gave the highest sensitivity when samples were collected ≤3 days after rash onset, with nasopharyngeal aspirate being the best specimen type, followed by urine and throat/combined throat and nasal swab. The highest RT‐PCR positive rate (81.0%) was obtained with serum samples collected ≤3 days after rash onset. RT‐PCR positive rate of 100% was observed with throat/combined throat and nasal swab, urine and nasopharyngeal aspirate collected ≤16, 4–16, and 4–7 days after rash onset, respectively. The genotype of each measles case was confirmed by sequencing. It was shown that the predominant measles viruses detected in Hong Kong during 2006–2009 belonged to genotype H1 (subtype a) and these strains were related closely to those detected in China. J. Med. Virol. 82:1773–1781, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developing a collaborative mindset
Authors: Linden Russ 
Published: September 2010

AbstractUntil 2001 and the dot‐com implosion, Russ Linden points out, Cisco was run in a traditional, top‐down fashion. But seven years later, the company was a model of collaboration and innovation, a decentralized organization where people freely share ideas and information, and important decisions are made quickly by teams that don't report to the CEO. Linden shows how Cisco made the transformation and offers advice to others on developing a collaborative mindset.
Prioritization of capability gaps for joint small arms program using multi‐criteria decision analysis
Authors: Linkov Igor , Satterstrom F. Kyle , Fenton George P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCapability gaps prioritization is an important task required in multiple research and acquisition programs in military and industrial settings. We used multi‐criteria decision analysis to prioritize capability gaps for small arms identified in a small‐arms‐specific Department of Defense (DOD) Joint Capabilities Integration & Development System study as approved by the DOD Joint Service Small Arms Program in 2005. A criteria hierarchy was created for use in judging the importance of each gap, taking into account time frames, tasks, conditions, and standards established by military subject matter experts. Military respondents representing US Army, Marine, Navy, Air Force, Coast Guard and SOCOM then completed an online preference survey using pairwise comparisons of each criterion, and analytical hierarchy process was used to produce a gap prioritization for each respondent and service, as well as one overall ranking. The priority rankings have helped in informing program and funding allocation decisions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Decision‐maker's preferences modelling within the goal‐programming model: a new typology
Authors: Aouni Belaid , Hassaine Amal , Martel Jean‐Marc 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSeveral classifications of the Multiple Objectives Programming (MOP) models have been proposed in the literature. In general, these classifications are based on the timing of introducing the decision‐maker's (DM) preferences and the type of the required information about the parameters of the decision‐making situation. The DM's preference information can take different forms such as: weights, priority levels, thresholds or trade‐offs among the objectives. The Goal Programming (GP) is one of the well‐known MOP models. The different GP formulations deal differently with the DM's preferences. The aim of this paper is to propose a new typology of the GP variants based on the way that the DM's preferences are considered. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Defining disease‐modifying therapies for PD—A road map for moving forward
Authors: Warren Olanow C. , Kieburtz Karl 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA disease‐modifying therapy that slows or stops disease progression is one of the major unmet needs in the management of Parkinson's disease. To date, no therapy has been approved for disease modification despite promising laboratory data and positive results in clinical trials. This is because confounding symptomatic or pharmacologic effects cannot be excluded. The delayed start study provides an opportunity to define therapies that provide benefit that cannot be explained by an early symptomatic effect alone. However, this trial design does not necessarily provide a meaningful measure of the effect of the intervention on cumulative disability. In contrast, the long‐term simple study provides a measure of the effect of the drug on cumulative disability but does not address mechanism of action. Together these two trials provide a road map for defining a disease modifying drug and determining the long term cumulative effect of the drug on the disease. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Demyelinating symmetric motor polyneuropathy with high titers of anti‐GM1 antibodies
Authors: O'Ferrall Erin K. , White Christopher M. , Zochodne Douglas W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractHigh titers of anti‐GM1 ganglioside antibodies have been associated with multifocal motor neuropathy, a chronic asymmetric and exclusively motor disorder. We describe a patient with a progressive selective motor but symmetric polyneuropathy, followed over 5 years, with markedly elevated titers of anti‐GM1 antibodies. The electrophysiological changes suggestive of motor demyelination were widespread, beyond conduction block alone, and involved contiguous nerve segments with complete sparing of sensory conduction. Progressive, predominantly motor, symmetric, demyelinating polyneuropathy may be an unusual relative of multifocal motor neuropathy, associated with anti‐GM1 antibodies. Muscle Nerve, 2010
Solitary plasmacytoma of the proximal tibia in an adolescent
Authors: Kumar Pankaj , Sharma Suresh Chander , Saikia Uma Nahar , Kumar Narendra , Vyas Sameer , Angurana Shabab Lalit 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis is the case report of a 14‐year young female who was diagnosed with solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) of proximal tibia and was treated by local involved field radiotherapy. We present the clinical, radiological and pathological findings of the case and review of the available treatment options and prognosis of this rare site presentation of plasmacytoma in an adolescent female. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;56:158–160. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute myelogenous leukemia in a patient with severe factor IX deficiency
Authors: Clark Cheryll , Gidvani Vinod K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe present a case of acute myelogenous leukemia in a patient with severe hemophilia and our approach to the prevention of bleeding complications during chemotherapy. In the few reports of acute leukemia occurring in patients with hemophilia, management of bleeding has mostly consisted of replacement of factor and platelets on demand. By prophylactically treating our patient with Factor IX at 50% correction three times per week and maintaining his platelet count above 30 × 103/mm3, bleeding complications were avoided. However, due to the rarity of this combination, it is difficult to draw a best practice recommendation. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;56:156–157. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Does symptom reduction after cognitive behavioural therapy of anxiety disordered patients predict personality change?
Authors: Gi Sabine Tjon Pian , Egger Jos , Kaarsemaker Maarten , Kreutzkamp Reinier 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFor decades, personality was thought to be a set of stable characteristics. However, in the dimensional approach, personality traits are considered to vary on a continuum. This retrospective cohort study examines changes in personality traits, as measured by the NEO Five Factor Inventory, in anxiety‐disordered inpatients. Paired sample T‐test analyses are used to measure trait differences before and after treatment. Analyses of variance are applied to measure the influence of diagnosis on personality change, and regression analyses to investigate if the 90‐item symptom checklist symptom reduction predicts personality trait changes. Results show that patients become less neurotic and more extravert at post‐measurement, supported by large to medium effect sizes, and are not influenced by diagnostic category. Only 30% and 21% of the change in neuroticism and extraversion respectively, is explained by symptom reduction. It is concluded that personality traits neuroticism and extraversion can change over time in anxious inpatients while changes are not a direct consequence of a mood‐state effect (symptom reduction). Results are compatible with a dimensional conceptualization of psychopathology, which will be incorporated in the future edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM‐V). Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of MMT, SiO2, CaCO3, and PTFE nanoparticles on the morphology and crystallization of poly(vinylidene fluoride)
Authors: Ma Wenzhong , Wang Xiaolin , Zhang Jun 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe crystallization and melting behaviors of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) with small amount of nanoparticles (1 wt %), such as montmorillonite (MMT), SiO2, CaCO3, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), directly prepared by melt‐mixing method were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polarizing optical microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The nanoparticle structure and the interactions between PVDF molecule and nanoparticle surface predominated the crystallization behavior and morphology of the PVDF. Small amount addition of these four types of nanoparticles would not affect the original crystalline phase obtained in the neat PVDF sample (α phase), but accelerated the crystallization rate because of the nucleation effect. In these four blend systems, MMT or PTFE nanoparticles could be well applied for PVDF nanocomposite preparation because of stronger interactions between particle surface and PVDF molecules. The nucleation enhancement and the growth rate of the spherulites were decreased in the order SiO2 > CaCO3 > PTFE > MMT. The melting and recrystallization of PVDF was found in MMT addition sample, because of the special ways of ordering of the PVDF chains. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010