bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of low‐cycle fatigue on a 10‐storey steel building
Authors: Nastar Navid , Anderson James C. , Brandow Gregg E. , Nigbor Robert L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractFollowing the Northridge Earthquake in 1994, the SAC project was initiated as a joint venture between Structural Engineers Association of California (SEAOC), Applied Technology Council (ATC), and Consortium of Universities for Research in Earthquake engineering (CUREe) to investigate the causes of widespread damage observed in the connections of steel moment frame buildings. The published results of these studies concentrated on local connection defects that potentially initiated the observed cracks. It was also considered that much of the observed connection damage was the result of yielding of the material in the connection region and the formation of plastic hinges. However, damage to some buildings could not be reconciled by the use of these failure mechanisms. This has led to a renewed interest in the effects of low‐cycle fatigue on the members and connections in steel buildings that are either elastic or have been driven into the weakly nonlinear range.The current paper is focused on the effect of low‐cycle fatigue in the connection damage observed in a 10‐storey steel building following the Northridge Earthquake. A comprehensive fatigue analysis procedure is developed based on the Palmgren–Miner method and S–N curves established for the high‐cycle fatigue range are extended to the low‐cycle region using the limited test results that are available. Fatigue analysis is performed at critical locations of a representative moment frame using the established procedure. Finally, the pattern of cumulative fatigue at critical connections and the observed damage are compared. Results of this analytical study indicate that the effect of low‐cycle fatigue may be significant in evaluating and predicting various types of connection damage similar to that observed in the steel moment frames following the Northridge Earthquake. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Screening fetal echocardiography in diabetic mothers with normal findings on detailed anatomic survey
Authors: Sekhavat S. , Kishore N. , Levine J. C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the benefit of second‐trimester fetal echocardiography for women with diabetes whose fetuses had no obvious heart disease on a detailed anatomic survey performed at skilled, high‐volume obstetric centers, and to investigate the technical limitations of fetal echocardiography in this patient population.MethodsThis was a retrospective descriptive review of fetal echocardiograms performed at Children's Hospital Boston from 2000 to 2005. All women referred during the second trimester for fetal echocardiography because of maternal diabetes were included. Those with severe heart disease suspected on obstetric ultrasound examination were excluded.ResultsThere were 584 initial fetal echocardiograms. No patients were diagnosed with severe heart disease prenatally. Nineteen were diagnosed with suspected mild heart disease (such as small ventricular septal defect), five of whom had normal follow‐up fetal evaluation and five of whom had normal postnatal evaluation. Most of these pregnancies did not have a postnatal cardiac evaluation. Forty‐seven fetuses had benign cardiac findings. Nearly one third of patients had imaging that was felt to be limited or incomplete, mostly due to poor acoustic windows. Forty‐eight patients were asked to return for at least one follow‐up visit, most due to the inability to complete the exam at the initial visit.ConclusionsIn an environment with access to high‐volume, skilled comprehensive ultrasound services, fetal echocardiography by a pediatric cardiology program adds little to the care of women with diabetes and no suspected heart disease on a detailed anatomic survey. Poor acoustic windows frequently necessitate multiple visits. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Plasma soluble endoglin concentration in pre‐eclampsia is associated with an increased impedance to flow in the maternal and fetal circulations
Authors: Chaiworapongsa T. , Romero R. , Kusanovic J. P. , Mittal P. , Kim S. K. , Gotsch F. , Than N. G. , Mazaki‐Tovi S. , Vaisbuch E. , Erez O. , Yeo L. , Hassan S. S. , Sorokin Y. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo examine the relationship between abnormalities in uterine (UtA) and/or umbilical artery (UA) Doppler velocimetry and maternal plasma concentrations of soluble endoglin (sEng) in patients with pre‐eclampsia (PE).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in 135 normal pregnant women and 69 patients with PE. Patients with PE were subclassified into four groups: those who had Doppler abnormalities in both the UtA and UA, patients who had Doppler abnormalities in the UtA alone, those who had Doppler abnormalities in the UA alone, and patients without Doppler abnormalities in either vessel. Plasma concentrations of sEng were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsAmong patients with PE, those with abnormal UtA and UA Doppler velocimetry had the highest median plasma concentration of sEng compared with any other group (P < 0.001, Kruskal–Wallis test). Women with PE with normal Doppler velocimetry in both vessels had the lowest median plasma concentration of sEng. There was a significant relationship between plasma concentrations of sEng and mean UtA resistance index (Spearman Rho = 0.5, P < 0.001) as well as UA pulsatility index (Spearman Rho = 0.4, P = 0.002). Multiple regression analysis suggested that Doppler abnormalities in the UtA and UA as well as gestational age at blood sampling contributed to plasma sEng concentrations (P < 0.001).ConclusionsAbnormalities of impedance to blood flow in the UtA and UA are associated with an excess of sEng in the circulation of mothers with PE. These findings suggest that the ‘antiangiogenic state’ in PE is partially reflected in abnormalities of Doppler velocimetry. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal diagnosis of tricuspid atresia: intrauterine course and outcome
Authors: Berg C. , Lachmann R. , Kaiser C. , Kozlowski P. , Stressig R. , Schneider M. , Asfour B. , Herberg U. , Breuer J. , Gembruch U. , Geipel A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the intrauterine course and outcome of tricuspid atresia detected in the fetus.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of all confirmed cases of tricuspid atresia detected prenatally between 1998 and 2006 in three tertiary referral centers in Germany.ResultsFifty‐four cases of tricuspid atresia were detected prenatally during the study period and confirmed postnatally: 28 (51.9%) cases had a concordant ventriculoarterial connection of which 14 also had pulmonary outflow obstruction; 25 (46.3%) cases had a discordant ventriculoarterial connection of which 14 also had aortic outflow obstruction, six had pulmonary outflow tract obstruction and two had other associated intracardiac anomalies; and one (1.9%) had a common arterial trunk. The peak velocity index for veins in the ductus venosus was significantly elevated in 19 of the 37 (51.4%) cases assessed; however, this finding did not correlate with adverse intrauterine outcome. There were associated extracardiac anomalies in 12 cases: five with chromosomal anomalies, two with VACTERL association, one with unilateral renal agenesis, one with hypospadia, one with hydrothorax, one with megacystis and one with agenesis of the ductus venosus. Seventeen of the 54 (31.5%) cases underwent termination of pregnancy, two (3.7%) died in utero, two (3.7%) died in infancy and 33 (61.1%) children survived with a median follow‐up of 26 (range, 12–120) months. Prenatal echocardiography correctly anticipated the postnatal course and the need for neonatal intervention in 29/35 (82.9%) continued pregnancies; in the remaining six (17.1%) cases the right outflow tract obstruction had been underestimated.ConclusionsTricuspid atresia and the frequently associated intracardiac anomalies can be diagnosed in the fetus with considerable accuracy. A thorough search for extracardiac malformations should be performed in order to rule out chromosomal anomalies and multiple malformation syndromes. Elevated pulsatility in the ductus venosus does not indicate cardiac failure. The short‐term overall survival in continued pregnancies in our study exceeded 89%, with the greatest rate of loss being in the first year of postnatal life. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sonographic assessment of fetal spine and head position during the first and second stages of labor for the diagnosis of persistent occiput posterior position: a pilot study
Authors: Blasi I. , D'Amico R. , Fenu V. , Volpe A. , Fuchs I. , Henrich W. , Mazza V. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this pilot study was to perform a preliminary investigation into the predictive values of the position of the fetal spine and of the occiput measured during the first and second stages of labor by intrapartum ultrasound for persistent occiput posterior (OP) position.MethodsThis was a prospective, cohort study, in which 100 women with singleton pregnancies were enrolled during the first or second stage of labor. The women underwent intrapartum transabdominal sonography and the positions of the fetal head and spine were recorded. The women were followed up until delivery and occiput position at birth was assessed.ResultsEighty‐four pregnancies were evaluated in the second stage of labor, with 74 of these also evaluated in the first stage. Fifty‐one percent of fetuses were found to be in an OP position during the first stage of labor, but the majority of these rotated to an anterior position before delivery. There were six cases of OP at delivery, and all of these were among the 23 fetuses that were found to be in an OP position on ultrasound evaluation during the second stage of labor. All six were also found to have a posterior spine position during the second stage of labor, with this finding observed in only one fetus with occiput anterior position at delivery.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that the position of the head and spine during the second stage of labor could be useful indicators for predicting the OP position at delivery. The results also suggest that the OP position at delivery results from a failure of rotation from the OP position, rather than a malrotation from the anterior position. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐resolution light microscopy using luminescent nanoparticles
Authors: Ohulchanskyy Tymish Y. , Roy Indrajit , Yong Ken‐Tye , Pudavar Haridas E. , Prasad Paras N. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis review presents recent progress in the development of the luminescent nanoparticles for confocal and multiphoton microscopy. Four classes of nanomaterials are discussed: (1) silica‐based nanoparticles doped with fluorescent molecules, (2) gold nanoparticles, (3) semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots/rods), and (4) nanophosphors. Special considerations are given to recently developed imaging nanoprobes, such as (1) organically modified silica (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles doped with two‐photon absorbing fluorophores, which exhibit aggregation‐enhanced fluorescence (AEF), and (2) nanophosphors (ceramic nanoparticles containing luminescent lanthanoid ions). Advantages and disadvantages of every class of nanomaterials and their specific applications are briefly discussed. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 162–175This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > Biosensing
Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
Axon repair: surgical application at a subcellular scale
Authors: Chang Wesley C. , Hawkes Elizabeth , Keller Christopher G. , Sretavan David W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractInjury to the nervous system is a common occurrence after trauma. Severe cases of injury exact a tremendous personal cost and place a significant healthcare burden on society. Unlike some tissues in the body that exhibit self healing, nerve cells that are injured, particularly those in the brain and spinal cord, are incapable of regenerating circuits by themselves to restore neurological function. In recent years, researchers have begun to explore whether micro/nanoscale tools and materials can be used to address this major challenge in neuromedicine. Efforts in this area have proceeded along two lines. One is the development of new nanoscale tissue scaffold materials to act as conduits and stimulate axon regeneration. The other is the use of novel cellular‐scale surgical micro/nanodevices designed to perform surgical microsplicing and the functional repair of severed axons. We discuss results generated by these two approaches and hurdles confronting both strategies. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2010 2 151–161This article is categorized under:

Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Neurological Disease
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanoscale Tools and Techniques in Surgery
Comparisons of ancient mortars and hydraulic cements through in situ analyses by portable X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry
Authors: Donais Mary Kate , Duncan Bradley , George David , Bizzarri Claudio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA portable X‐ray fluorescence spectrometer was used to collect elemental data on various mortars and hydraulic cements at an excavation site near Orvieto, Italy. Four cases are presented that use X‐ray fluorescence data to differentiate among mortars: (1) comparison of two mortars on one locus; (2) comparison of two layers of hydraulic cement on one locus; (3) comparison of two hydraulic cement floors; (4) comparison among mortars on five walls from four trenches. The conclusions made from the comparisons aided the site archaeologists in their assessment of the relationships of various loci at the site and establishment of phasing. Elements found in measureable amounts in the mortars and hydraulic cements were Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Zn, As, Rb, Sr, Zr, Pb, and Bi. Elements found to be different in the samples and used to differentiate among mortars were Ca, Fe, Zn, Pb, Zr, and Rb. Graphical and statistical data evaluations are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Damage of nonlinearly elastic materials at small strain – Existence and regularity results –
Authors: Thomas M. , Mielke A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses an existence result for energetic solutions of rate‐independent damage processes and the temporal regularity of the solution. We consider a body consisting of a physically nonlinearly elastic material undergoing small deformations and partial damage. The present work is a generalization of [16] concerning the properties of the stored elastic energy density as well as the suitable Sobolev space for the damage variable: While previous work assumes that the damage variable z satisfies z in W1, r(Ω) with r > d for Ω ⊂ ℝd, we can handle the case r > 1 by a new technique for the construction of joint recovery sequences. Moreover, this work generalizes the temporal regularity results to physically nonlinearly elastic materials by analyzing Lipschitz‐ and Hölder‐continuity of solutions with respect to time.
A preliminary study of orbitofrontal activation and hypersociability in Williams Syndrome
Authors: Mimura Masaru , Hoeft Fumiko , Kato Motoichiro , Kobayashi Nobuhisa , Sheau Kristen , Piggot Judith , Mills Debra , Galaburda Albert , Korenberg Julie R. , Bellugi Ursula , Reiss Allan L. 
Published: January 2010

Abstract
Individuals with Williams syndrome (WS) demonstrate an abnormally positive social bias. However, the neural substrates of this hypersociability, i.e., positive attribution bias and increased drive toward social interaction, have not fully been elucidated. Methods: We performed an event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study while individuals with WS and typically developing controls (TD) matched positive and negative emotional faces. WS compared to TD showed reduced right amygdala activation during presentation of negative faces, as in the previous literature. In addition, WS showed a unique pattern of right orbitofrontal cortex activation. While TD showed medial orbitofrontal cortex activation in response to positive, and lateral orbitofrontal cortex activation to negative, WS showed the opposite pattern. In light of the general notion of a medial/lateral gradient of reward/punishment processing in the orbitofrontal cortex, these findings provide an additional biological explanation for, or correlate of positive attribution bias and hypersociability in WS.
Biocatalytic Properties of Lipase from Walnut Seed (Juglans regia L.)
Authors: Yeşiloğlu Yeşim , Demirkan Bora 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) from walnut seed was purified 28.6‐fold with 31% yield using Sephadex G‐100 gel chromatography. Olive oil served as good substrate for the enzyme. The optimum pH and temperature were 9.0 and 70 °C, respectively. The lipase was stable between 30 and 80 °C for 5 min. Km and Vmax values were determined as 48 mM and 23.06 × 10−3 U/min mg for triolein as substrate. Lipase activity was slightly reduced by Cu2+, Ca2+, Hg2+, Mn2+, and Ni2+ ions, while Mg2+ and Zn2+ had no effects. Anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate stimulated lipase activity while non‐ionic surfactants Tween‐80 and Triton X‐100 had negligible effects on enzymatic activity. The enzyme activity was not affected by 50 mM urea and thioacetamide. Potassium ferricyanide, n‐bromosuccinamide and potassium cyanide reduced the enzyme activity. The enzyme showed a good stability in organic solvents, the best result being in n‐hexane (113% residual activity). The activity of dialysate was maintained approximately 80% for 1 year at −20 °C.
Adjustment of female adolescents leaving home for the military: Links with earlier individuation
Authors: Sher‐Censor Efrat , Oppenheim David 
Published: January 2010

ABSTRACTThe study examined the associations between female adolescents' individuation during mid‐adolescence and their adjustment two years later to leaving home for mandatory military service. Forty nine daughter–mother dyads participated. Individuality and connectedness during adolescent–mother interactions were observed at age 16. Two years later girls reported on their psychological distress and negative expectations regarding the upcoming conscription, and both daughters and mothers reported on maternal support of daughters' autonomy. Controlling for these concurrent perceptions, girls' higher connectedness was associated with less psychological distress and their higher individuality in the context of low to medium connectedness was related to more negative expectations. These findings contribute to the literature on home leaving by showing that early individuation may play a role in female adolescents' adjustment to this transition.
Viability and functional capacity after thawing of hematopoietic progenitor cells cryopreserved at a cord blood stem cell bank in Colombia
Authors: Ávila Portillo Luz Mabel , Guzmán Juliana , Rojas Carolina , Becerra Andrea , Avila Jennifer , Jaimes Diego , Ospino Benjamín , Gomez Claudia , Madero José Ignacio 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the viability and functional capacity of hematopoietic progenitor cells from cord blood samples cryopreserved at the Banco de Células Stem de Colombia.MethodsAfter thawing and centrifugation of 20 samples, viable white blood cells were numbered by the trypan blue method and CD34+CD45+ dim hematopoietic progenitor cells were numbered by flow cytometry. Clonogenic assays also tested the functional capacity of viable CD34+CD45+ dim cells.ResultsThe median rates of viable CD34+CD45+ dim cells were 99.6% before freezing and 73.0% after thawing (P < 0.001). The 20 cultures yielded a median of 12 cells with a lineage of red cells, 17.5 cells with a lineage of white cells, and 10 cells with a mixed lineage.ConclusionAlthough the rate of viable CD34+CD45+ dim cells was decreased by 26.6% after thawing by the method we used, the numbers of CD34+CD45+ dim cells that formed colonies were similar to those obtained by other published methods.
Factors associated with operative hysteroscopy outcome in patients with uterine adhesions or submucosal myomas
Authors: Chang Cherry Yin‐Yi , Chang Yung‐Tsang , Chien Shu‐Chin , Yu Shyr‐Shen , Hung Yao‐Ching , Lin Wu‐Chou 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the factors associated with hysteroscopic surgery long‐term outcome in patients with intrauterine adhesions or submucosal myomas.MethodsFactors thought to be associated with outcome were retrospectively evaluated from the records of 591 patients who were followed up for at least 5 years after undergoing hysteroscopic adhesiolysis (n = 203) or myomectomy (n = 388).ResultsThe major factors affecting outcome were degree of adhesion (OR, 1.91; P = 0.03) in the former group and parity (OR, 0.55; P = 0.005) and depth of intramural penetration of the myoma (OR, 30.74; P < 0.001) in the latter. Severe intrauterine adhesion, low parity, and deep intramural penetration of submucosal myoma had an associated increase risk of poor outcome. The overall complication rate was 1.35% and, respectively, 12.8% and 9.3% of the patients who underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis or myomectomy needed a second intervention.ConclusionHysteroscopic surgery is a safe and effective procedure. Degree of adhesion or parity and depth of intramural penetration of myomas are the major factors affecting outcome in patients with these lesions.
Perioperative course and medium‐term outcome of the transobturator and infracoccygeal hammock for posthysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse
Authors: Sergent Fabrice , Zanati Joël , Bisson Violène , Desilles Nicolas , Resch Benoît , Marpeau Loïc 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the perioperative course and medium‐term anatomic and functional outcomes of the transobturator–infracoccygeal hammock for posthysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse repair.MethodsA prospective consecutive series of 52 women with a stage 2 vaginal vault prolapse or higher that occurred after total hysterectomy who underwent surgery between 2003 and 2007. Principal outcome measures were anatomic cure (stage 1 or lower) and impact on quality of life measured using the pelvic floor distress inventory (PFDI) and pelvic floor impact self‐reported questionnaire (PFIQ). Anatomical results were analyzed using χ2 and Fisher exact tests, and PFDI and PFIQ scores were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 36 months, the anatomic cure rate was 96%. Significant improvements were noted in POPQ‐S scores after surgery (P < 0.05). Stress urinary incontinence was cured in 73% of patients and improved in 15% of patients. The PFDI and PFIQ scores were improved (P < 0.05). One mesh extrusion was observed. The rates of mesh contraction and new cases of dyspareunia were 31% and 13%, respectively.ConclusionThe transvaginal mesh hammock represents a useful treatment for recurrent and major vaginal vault prolapse, and has few complications.