bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Study on the Impact of a Pedometer-Based Intervention on Daily Steps
Authors: Croteau Karen A. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To investigate the effects of an 8-week, pedometer-based lifestyle physical activity intervention on physical activity levels. Methods. Participants were 37 college employees who volunteered to participate in the study. The intervention consisted of goal setting, pedometer use, self-monitoring, and weekly e-mail reminders. Physical activity measures (pedometer, survey) were taken at baseline and immediately following the intervention. A t-test for paired samples was used to determine significant changes in measures. Results. Results indicate a significant increase in average daily steps (p < .01), from 8565 (± 3121) steps at baseline to 10,538 (± 3681) steps after the program. Participants who averaged fewer than 6000 steps and obese participants experienced the greatest increase. Discussion. Although preliminary, this study indicates that the minimal contact, self-managed, pedometer-based lifestyle intervention was effective in increasing the daily physical activity of participants. Given the combination of behavioral techniques used, a recommendation for future studies would be to examine the impact of individual behavioral techniques on daily physical activity.
Reaching Out to Promote Physical Activity in Australia: A Statewide Randomized Controlled Trial of a Stage-Targeted Intervention
Authors: Marshall Alison L. , Bauman Adrian E. , Owen Neville , Booth Michael L. , Crawford David , Marcus Bess H. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. This study examined the broader use of a print-media intervention, which was previously shown to be effective at promoting physical activity to participants recruited from a regional Australian community, as a strategy suitable for a more diverse statewide population sample. Methods. Participants were randomly selected adults who responded to a telephone interview conducted by the New South Wales Health Department and consented to participate in a randomized controlled trial. Consenters were allocated to either intervention (n = 361) or control (n = 358) conditions. The intervention, a personalized letter plus stage-targeted booklets, was sent 1 week postbaseline. Data were collected via telephone interview at baseline and 2 and 8 months and were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and χ2 statistics. Results. The groups were similar at baseline (mean age 43 ± 3 years; 64% women). Process evaluation showed high intervention recall (76% at 2 months) and high follow-up response rates (>85% at 8 months) were achieved. Nonsignificant increases in physical activity were observed (F 1,719 = 2.18, p = .14). Discussion. A single mailing of stage-targeted print materials was not effective in promoting increases in physical activity among participants selected from the statewide population. Future research could examine how the effectiveness of print media might be enhanced, possibly by using supplementary media, community-based prompts, or other incentives.
Lifestyle Physical Activity for Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury: A Pilot Study
Authors: Warms Catherine A. , Belza Basia L. , Whitney JoAnne D. , Mitchell Pamela H. , Stiens Steven A. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a lifestyle physical activity program for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods. Sixteen nonexercising adult volunteers with SCI participated in a single group pre-post–test of the “Be Active in Life Program” comprising stage-matched educational materials, home visit by a nurse, construction of a personal plan to increase activity, and four follow-up phone calls. Program acceptability, stage of change, barriers to health-promoting activities, abilities for health practices, health, depression, and muscle strength were rated. Physical activity was monitored using actigraphy and a self-report record. Results. Participants rated the program positively, although some preferred a structured exercise approach. Eighty-one percent of participants progressed in stage of change and 60% increased physical activity. There were significant changes in motivational barriers, exercise self-efficacy, self-rated health, and muscle strength. Discussion. Lifestyle physical activity is feasible and acceptable and could be effective in promoting greater physical activity among people with SCI.
Changes in Cognitive Measures in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Health Promotion Program for Couples Targeting Diet and Physical Activity
Authors: Burke Valerie , Giangiulio Nella , Gillam Helen F. , Beilin Lawrie J. , Houghton Stephen 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To examine cognitive responses to a 4-month health promotion program targeting diet and physical activity in recently cohabiting couples. Design. A three-group randomized controlled trial: no intervention (Controls), interactive group sessions and mail-outs (Interactive), and one group session followed by mail-outs (Mail). Setting. Australian research studies unit. Subjects. Seventy-eight of 137 couples cohabiting for <2 years, recruited by advertising, completed the study. Measures. Stages of change; health beliefs; self-efficacy; and perceived barriers to change evaluated by questionnaires at baseline, postintervention, and 1-year follow-up. Data were analyzed using mixed models, factor analysis, and linear regression. Results. In the Mail group, the perceived importance of barriers to dietary change decreased by 19% at postintervention and 16% at 1-year follow-up; dietary self-efficacy increased by 9% and 3%, respectively. In the Interactive group, the perceived importance of barriers to dietary change decreased by 26% and 20%, and dietary self-efficacy increased by 14% and 12%, respectively. Similar trends for physical activity were not statistically significant. However, changes in self-efficacy and perceived barriers to change significantly predicted dietary and physical activity behaviors. A preponderance of higher socio-economic groups and the proportion of drop-out may have biased results. Conclusions. Health promotion using partners' support and targeting diet and physical activity improves associated cognitive variables in couples. Most improvements were greater and more sustained with interactive group sessions.
Estimating Risk Reduction Required to Break Even in a Health Promotion Program
Authors: Ozminkowski Ronald J. , Goetzel Ron Z. , Santoro Jan , Saenz Betty-Jo , Eley Christine , Gorsky Bob 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To illustrate a formula to estimate the amount of risk reduction required to break even on a corporate health promotion program. Design. A case study design was implemented. Base year (2001) health risk and medical expenditure data from the company, along with published information on the relationships between employee demographics, health risks, and medical expenditures, were used to forecast demographics, risks, and expenditures for 2002 through 2011 and estimate the required amount of risk reduction. Setting. Motorola. Subjects. 52,124 domestic employees. Measures. Demographics included age, gender, race, and job type. Health risks for 2001 were measured via health risk appraisal. Risks were noted as either high or low and related to exercise/eating habits, body weight, blood pressure, blood sugar levels, cholesterol levels, depression, stress, smoking/drinking habits, and seat belt use. Medical claims for 2001 were used to calculate medical expenditures per employee. Results. Assuming a $282 per employee program cost, Motorola employees would need to reduce their lifestyle-related health risks by 1.08% to 1.42% per year to break even on health promotion programming, depending upon the discount rate. Higher or lower program investments would change the risk reduction percentages. Conclusion. Employers can use information from published studies, along with their own data, to estimate the amount of risk reduction required to break even on their health promotion programs.
Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Outcomes After Radiation Therapy in Black Patients With Prostate Cancer
Authors: Morgan Kylie M. , Riviere Paul , Nelson Tyler J. , Guram Kripa , Deshler Leah N. , Sabater Minarim Daniel , Duran Elizabeth A. , Banegas Matthew P. , Rose Brent S. 
Published: June 2024

ImportanceProstate cancer in Black men compared with White men may be more sensitive to radiation therapy resulting in better outcomes in equal-access settings. The outcomes of androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) vs radiation therapy itself remains uncharacterized.ObjectivesTo quantify any outcome modification by receipt of ADT on the association between Black race and prostate cancer outcomes following radiation therapy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective, nationwide cohort study of Black and White patients treated in the US Veterans Healthcare system between 2000 and 2020 receiving definitive radiation for localized prostate cancer. Data were analyzed from January 2000 to December 2020.ExposurePatient self-identified race and use of ADT defined as any gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist or antagonist prescription within 6 months of radiation.Main Outcomes and MeasuresBiochemical recurrence (BCR) from time of completion of radiation therapy (prostate-specific antigen nadir plus 2 ng/mL) and development of metastatic disease or prostate cancer mortality (PCSM) from time of recurrence.ResultsA total of 26 542 patients (8716 Black men with median [IQR] age of 64 [59-69] years and 17 826 White men with median [IQR] age of 67 [62-72] years) received definitive radiation therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer and had complete staging and follow-up data. A total of 5144 patients experienced BCR (3384 White and 1760 Black patients). The cumulative incidence of BCR at 10 years was not significantly different between Black and White men (1602 [22.14%] vs 3099 [20.13%], respectively) with multivariable hazard ratio (HR) of 1.03 (95% CI, 0.97-1.09; P = .33). In men receiving ADT, Black men had an HR for BCR of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.82-0.99; P = .03) compared with White men, and in men not receiving ADT, Black men had an HR of 1.13 (95% CI, 1.05-1.22; P = .002). Black race was associated with a decreased risk of developing metastatic disease (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.82-0.98; P = .02) or PCSM (subdistribution HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.63-0.82; P &amp;lt; .001) from time of biochemical recurrence.Conclusions and RelevanceBlack patients treated with radiation appear to specifically benefit from the addition of ADT with regard to biochemical control. Additionally, BCR in Black men results in a lower rate of metastatic disease and death from prostate cancer. Future analyses of radiosensitivity in Black men should evaluate for the possibility of outcome modification by ADT.
Long‐Term Storage Stable Vesicle‐Like Nanoparticles of Lipid and Polymer for siRNA and mRNA‐Mediated Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Chen Chaoran , Zhang Yuxi , Cao Ziyang , Li Dongdong , Zhu Yueqiang , Jing Houjin , Li Yan , Li Fangzheng , Xu Cong‐Fei , Yang Xianzhu , Wang Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRNA‐based therapeutics have emerged as a promising strategy for cancer immunotherapy, encompassing the silencing of immune checkpoint genes, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cell production, and antitumor vaccines. Despite their tremendous potential, the urgent need for the development of clinically applicable delivery systems remains paramount. In this study, vesicle‐like nanoparticles (VNPs) are devised using clinically approved amphiphilic polymers and lipids as the delivery system for siRNA and mRNA. Through meticulous formulation adjustments of cationic lipids and ionizable lipids, a VNP formulation with exceptional transfection efficiency is identified. Notably, the VNPs maintained their remarkable transfection efficiency even after 6 months of storage. When loaded with siPD‐L1 and siCD47, these VNPs effectively silenced two critical immune checkpoint genes, enabling successful cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, when employed as a delivery system for mRNA vaccines, the VNPs induced a robust population of antigen‐specific CD8+ T cells in immunized mice. This led to the successful suppression of tumor growth (5 out of 8 subjects becoming tumor‐free) and nearly complete inhibition of lung metastasis. In summary, this lipid‐ and polymer‐based VNPs offer a long shelf life, excellent loading and transfection efficiency, versatility for various RNA types, and hold great promise as a delivery system for clinical applications.
Exploring Colloidal Phase Transitions of Imogolite Nanotubes by Evaporation Induced Self‐Assembly in Levitation
Authors: Hotton Claire , Bizien Thomas , Pansu Brigitte , Hamon Cyrille , Paineau Erwan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEvaporation‐induced self‐assembly (EISA) is a versatile method for generating organized superstructures from colloidal particles, offering diverse design possibilities through the manipulation of colloid size, shape, substrate nature, and environmental conditions. While some work highlighted the potential of EISA to investigate phase transitions of inorganic liquid crystals, the influence of sample environment to determine their phase diagrams is often overlooked. In this work, the self‐assembly of lyotropic liquid crystals is compared by EISA on substrates, and by acoustic levitation (absence of substrate). The focus is on imogolite nanotubes, a model colloidal system of 1D charged objects, due to their tunable morphology and rich liquid‐crystalline phase behavior. It demonstrates the feasibility to obtain phase transitions in levitating droplets and on soft hydrophobic substrates, whereas self‐assembly is limited on rigid hydrophilic supports. Moreover, the aspect ratio of the nanotubes proves to be a pivotal factor, influencing both transitions and the resulting materials shape and surface. Besides material shaping, acoustic levitation emerges as a promising method for studying phase transitions by EISA, toward the rapid establishment of phase diagrams from diluted to highly concentrated states using a limited volume of sample.
A High‐Mobility n‐Type Noncovalently‐Fused‐Ring Polymer for High‐Performance Organic Thermoelectrics
Authors: Shen Tao , Liu Di , Zhang Jianqi , Wei Zhixiang , Wang Yang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConjugated polymers are emerging as competitive candidates for organic thermoelectrics (OTEs). However, to make the device truly pervasive, both p‐ and n‐type conjugated polymers are essential. Despite great efforts, no n‐type equivalents to the p‐type benchmark PEDOT:PSS exist to date mainly due to the low electrical conductivity (σ). Herein, a near‐amorphous n‐type conjugated polymer, namely pDFSe, is reported with high σ by achieving the synergy between charge transport and doping efficiency. The polymer pDFSe is synthesized based on an acceptor‐triad moiety of diketopyrrolopyrrole‐difluorobenzoselenadiazole‐diketopyrrolopyrrole (DFSe), which has the noncovalently‐fused‐ring structure to reinforce the backbone rigidity. Furthermore, an axisymmetric thiophene‐selenophene‐thiophene donor is introduced, which enables the formation of near‐amorphous microstructures. The above merits ensure good doping efficiency without scarifying efficient intrachain charge‐carrier transport. Thus, pDFSe‐based n‐type transistors exhibit high electron mobility up to 6.15 cm2 V−1 s−1, much higher than its reference polymer pDSe without the noncovalently‐fused‐ring structure (0.77 cm2 V−1 s−1). Further upon n‐doping, pDFSe demonstrates excellent σ of 62.6 S cm−1 and maximum power factor of 133.1 μW m−1 K−2, which are among the highest values reported for solution‐processed n‐type polymers. The results demonstrate the great potential of near‐amorphous n‐type conjugated polymers with noncovalently‐fused‐ring structure for the next‐generation OTEs.
The distally anchored connective tissue graft platform for papilla enhancement: A case report
Authors: Blasi Gonzalo , Abrahamian Lory , Blasi Alvaro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAs the need for using dental implants to replace single missing teeth grows, so does the demand for greater esthetic results. However, achieving complete interproximal papillae fill in single‐tooth implant restorations remains a challenge. The distally anchored connective tissue platform is a novel soft tissue augmentation technique that consists of harvesting an autogenous connective tissue graft from the palate, folding it, and positioning it at the level of the distal occlusal and buccal surfaces with the help of a distal sling suture to the adjacent distal tooth.MethodsThis case report describes how a maxillary central incisor with compromised hard and soft tissues were replaced using a comprehensive treatment plan.ResultsThe clinical outcomes showed stable mucosal margin levels and complete papillae fill. The patient expressed satisfaction with the achieved results.ConclusionsThe distally anchored connective tissue graft platform performed at the time of implant placement emerges as a viable and effective soft tissue augmentation technique that yields highly esthetic results.Key pointsWhy is this case new information?

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report in the literature using the distally anchored connective tissue platform.
What are the keys to successful management of this case?

Adequate diagnosis and decision‐making, resulting in a treatment plan focused on reconstructing both soft and hard tissues in a single‐tooth implant within the esthetic area, yield favorable clinical, radiological, and patient‐reported outcomes.
What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

The primary limitation of this study is its reliance on a single case report.
The Perfluoro‐o‐phenylene‐mercury Trimer [Hg(o‐C6F4)]3 – a Textbook Example of Phase‐Dependent Structural Differences
Authors: Giricheva Nina I. , Tverdova Natalya V. , Otlyotov Arseniy A. , Lamm Jan‐Hendrik , Girichev Georgiy V. , Mitzel Norbert W. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe geometric and electronic structure of [Hg(o‐C6F4)]3 (1) in the gas phase, i. e. free of intermolecular interactions, was determined by a synchronous gas‐phase electron diffraction/mass spectrometry experiment (GED/MS), complemented by quantum chemical calculations. 1 is stable up to 498 K and the gas phase contains a single molecular form: the trimer [Hg(o‐C6F4)]3. It has a planar structure of D3h symmetry with a Hg–C distance of 2.075(5) Å and a Hg–Hg distance of 3.614(7) Å (both rh1). Structural differences between the crystalline and gaseous state have been analyzed. Different DFT functional‐basis combinations were tested, demonstrating the importance to consider the relativistic effects of the mercury atoms. The combination PBE0/MWB(Hg),cc‐pVTZ(C,F) turned out to be the most appropriate for the geometry optimization of such organomercurials. The electronic structure of 1, the nature of the chemical bonding in C−Hg−C fragments and the nature of the Hg⋅⋅⋅Hg interactions have been analyzed in terms of the Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) and Quantum Theory of Atoms in Molecules (QTAIM) approaches. The influence of the nature of halogen substitution on the structure of the molecules in the series [Hg(o‐C6H4)]3, [Hg(o‐C6F4)]3, [Hg(o‐C6Cl4)]3, [Hg(o‐C6Br4)]3 was also analyzed.
Exploring genotypic diversity in sorghum breeding lines for water‐saving traits to enhance drought adaptation during the post‐rainy season
Authors: Kaliamoorthy Sivasakthi , Gaddameedi Anil , Murugesan Tharanya , Gorthy Sunita , Sravani Boddupalli , Neelam Nagalakshmi , Jayakumar Jaganathan , Choudhary Sunita , Kholovà Jana , Govindaraj Mahalingham 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], a crucial staple crop in South Asia and sub‐Saharan Africa, faces challenges amid increasing climate variability. Post‐rainy sorghum serves as a dominant food and fodder crop in India. Aligned with International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics's post‐rainy sorghum product profile, this research extensively characterizes sorghum lines, emphasizing the traits vital for post‐rainy drought adaptation in hybrid parents. We examined genotypic differences and trait correlations in 25 sorghum hybrid parents and varieties (B line for seed parent, R line for restorer, and check for varieties) through atmospheric and soil drought experiments. Results from atmospheric drought experiments revealed significant variation in transpiration rate (TR) under high vapor pressure deficit (VPD), with certain lines showing limited TR (BTX623 and ICSR 21002), while others exhibited high TR. In soil drought experiments, transpiration decline occurred at fractions of transpirable soil water ranging between 0.38 (ICSR 174) and 0.65 (40162 and ICSR 21005). R lines consistently displayed superior plant growth, water use, and biomass compared to B lines. Transpiration efficiency (TE) and total biomass showed positive correlations (r2 = 0.69) in well‐watered and (r2 = 0.45) in water‐stressed conditions. Most R lines displayed higher biomass and TE. Genotypes exhibiting enhanced vigor and limited TR in high VPD conditions and high TE hold potential for enhancing drought adaptation in post‐rainy sorghum. Notably, genotypes with higher biomass, lower TR, and increased TE within both R and B line groups represent valuable genetic resources for enhancing sorghum crops, post‐rainy sorghum adaptation to water deficit.
Complex patterns of genetic population structure in the mouthbrooding marine catfish, Bagre marinus, in the Gulf of Mexico and U.S. Atlantic
Authors: Portnoy David S. , O'Leary Shannon J. , Fields Andrew T. , Hollenbeck Christopher M. , Grubbs R. Dean , Peterson Cheston T. , Gardiner Jayne M. , Adams Douglas H. , Falterman Brett , Drymon J. Marcus , Higgs Jeremy M. , Pulster Erin L. , Wiley Tonya R. , Murawski Steven A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPatterns of genetic variation reflect interactions among microevolutionary forces that vary in strength with changing demography. Here, patterns of variation within and among samples of the mouthbrooding gafftopsail catfish (Bagre marinus, Family Ariidae) captured in the U.S. Atlantic and throughout the Gulf of Mexico were analyzed using genomics to generate neutral and non‐neutral SNP data sets. Because genomic resources are lacking for ariids, linkage disequilibrium network analysis was used to examine patterns of putatively adaptive variation. Finally, historical demographic parameters were estimated from site frequency spectra. The results show four differentiated groups, corresponding to the (1) U.S. Atlantic, and the (2) northeastern, (3) northwestern, and (4) southern Gulf of Mexico. The non‐neutral data presented two contrasting signals of structure, one due to increases in diversity moving west to east and north to south, and another to increased heterozygosity in the Atlantic. Demographic analysis suggested that recently reduced long‐term effective population size in the Atlantic is likely an important driver of patterns of genetic variation and is consistent with a known reduction in population size potentially due to an epizootic. Overall, patterns of genetic variation resemble that of other fishes that use the same estuarine habitats as nurseries, regardless of the presence/absence of a larval phase, supporting the idea that adult/juvenile behavior and habitat are important predictors of contemporary patterns of genetic structure.