bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oscillating chemiluminescence systems: state of the art
Authors: Iranifam Mortaza , Segundo Marcela A. , Santos João L. M. , Lima José L. F. C. , Sorouraddin Mohammad H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOscillating chemiluminescence (CL) was reported for the first time about 30 years ago. Since then several systems based on addition of a chemiluminescent reagent to a known oscillator system or based on the light emitting features of one component of the oscillating system, have been described. This information, scattered in the scientific literature, is compiled in the present paper. Several oscillating CL systems, including those based on Belousov–Zhabotinskii and Orban oscillators, or horseradish peroxidase‐catalyzed reactions, among others, are critically presented. The application of this type of oscillatory systems is also discussed, in analytical chemistry and for educational purposes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Framing participation with multicriterion evaluations to support the management of complex environmental issues
Authors: Soma Katrine 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA repeated statement observed in the literature is that stakeholder participation can contribute to improve complex environmental management decisions. However, transparent and legitimate decision‐making processes cannot be ensured without suitable involvement strategies and information treatments throughout the processes. The main goal in this study is to frame participatory processes with multicriterion evaluations to increase transparency of the decision support. The developed approach applies clearly defined roles of interest groups, experts and citizens, as well as alternatives presented on maps, criteria arranged in a hierarchy of decision elements and weights obtained by conducting deliberative processes with citizens. The approach is applied in a case study at municipal level in Norway to support coastal zone management decisions. Relevant interests and social values are systematically represented by the multicriterion evaluation framework utilized in the approach presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
A European methodology for sustainable development strategy reviews
Authors: Spangenberg Joachim H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn 2005 the EU Environment Directorate initiated the production of a guidebook for peer reviews of national sustainable development strategies (NSDSs), which was published in 2006. Its objective is to support EU member states planning to evaluate their respective NSDS, supporting and stimulating all potential participants. It describes how to initiate, start, lead and conclude an evaluation process, and suggests, based on European experiences, a spectrum of methods available for this purpose. During a Commission‐sponsored trial period, 2006/2007, the Netherlands was the only country to make use of this offer.However, the renewed EU Sustainable Development Strategy (EUSDS) calls for regular (peer) reviews of NSDS. Using this specific review instrument is recommended as part of a mutual learning exercise, which might stimulate a self‐organized convergence of NSDSs, and better vertical integration, without establishing new competences and mechanisms on the EU level.Two new elements are suggested, a simple ‘pressure–policy matrix’ (PPM), supporting comprehensiveness control, and the possibility of patchwork evaluations, based on the systematique of the matrix. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Structural and Spectroscopic Characterisation of Linearly Coordinated Gold(I) Tribenzylphosphane Complexes
Authors: Ainscough Eric W. , Bowmaker Graham A. , Brodie Andrew M. , Freeman Graham H. , Hanna John V. , Healy Peter C. , Robinson Ward T. , Skelton Brian W. , Smith Mark E. , Sobolev Alexandre N. , White Allan H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe 1:1 tribenzylphosphane (PBn3) complexes of gold(I)[(Bn3P)AuX] (X = Cl and Br) have been synthesised, and their structures were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The compounds are isomorphous, neutral molecules with linearly coordinated P–Au–X arrays. Each structure contains three independent [(Bn3P)AuX] entities lying on the three threefold axes of space group P3c1. The mean bond lengths are Au–Cl 2.302(8), Au–P 2.227(11) Å for the chloride and Au–Br 2.404(10), Au–P 2.229(4) Å for the bromide. These contrast with the 1:1 adducts previously reported for copper(I), which take the form [Cu(PBn3)2][CuX2]. The 1:2 AuX:PBn3 compounds that have been synthesised are formulated as [Au(PBn3)2]X·nH2O (X = Cl, n = 1 or 2; X = I and BF4, n = 0). Single‐crystal X‐ray structures show that linearly two‐coordinate centrosymmetric [Au(PBn3)2]+ arrays are found in [Au(PBn3)2]Cl·H2O and [Au(PBn3)2]BF4 with Au–P bond lengths of 2.2988(7) and 2.3016(7) Å for the chloride and 2.2975(7) Å for the tetrafluoroborate. ν(AuX) bands in the far‐IR spectra of [(Bn3P)AuX] are assigned at 320 and 227 cm–1 for X = Cl and X = Br, respectively. The 31P CP MAS NMR spectra of [(Bn3P)AuX] (X = Cl, Br) and [Au(PBn3)2]X (X = Cl·H2O, Cl·2H2O, I, BF4) are reported, and the observation of 2J(PP) coupling in the spectrum of [Au(PBn3)2]Cl·2H2O is consistent with the presence in this complex of noncentrosymmetric cations in which the two phosphorus atoms are inequivalent.
Highly Diastereoselective Samarium Diiodide Induced Ketyl Cyclisations of Indole and Pyrrole Derivatives – Scope and Limitations
Authors: Beemelmanns Christine , Blot Virginie , Gross Steffen , Lentz Dieter , Reissig Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHere we summarise our results for SmI2‐induced 5‐exo‐trig to 8‐exo‐trig reductive cyclisations of suitably substituted indole and pyrrole derivatives. All precursors were easily prepared by simple N‐alkylation or N‐acylation of indole and pyrrole derivatives with the corresponding iodo alkanones, acid chlorides or lactones. The SmI2‐induced cyclisations in most cases provided tri‐ and tetracyclic derivatives, even in the absence of HMPA, in good to very good yields and with excellent diastereoselectivities. Extensive investigations of the reaction conditions revealed that in the presence of different proton sources SmI2‐induced cyclisations afforded mainly one major type of diastereomer (thermodynamic control), so the formation of three or four stereogenic centres is controlled in one step. The mechanism of the SmI2‐induced ketyl coupling is discussed in more detail on the basis of these observations and two possible mechanistic pathways are compared. The assumed intermediate samarium enolates were also trapped with allyl iodide, furnishing interesting polycyclic N‐heterocycles bearing newly formed quaternary centres as single diastereomers.
Synthesis of MnO2/MWNTs Nanocomposites Using a Sonochemical Method and Application for Hydrazine Detection
Authors: Wang Meifang , Wang Cong , Wang Guangfeng , Zhang Wei , Bin Fang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA sonochemical method has been successfully used to synthesize MnO2/MWNTs nanocomposites. The structure and nature of the resulting MnO2/MWNTs composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy‐dispersive X‐ray diffraction (EDX), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).The results show that the sonochemically synthesized MnO2 nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed on the modified MWNT surfaces. The performance of the MnO2/MWNTs nanocomposites modified electrode was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Nyquist plots. The electrode exhibits efficient electron transfer ability and high electrochemical response towards hydrazine. This may be attributed to the small particle size, high dispersion of MnO2 particles. The fabricated hydrazine sensor showed a wide linear range of 5.0×10−7–1.0×10−3 M with a response time less than 5 s and a detection limit of 0.2 μM. Taking the advantage of the unique properties of both MWNTs and MnO2, it would greatly broaden the applications of MWNTs and MnO2.
Safety and efficacy of long‐acting injectable risperidone in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: A 6‐month open‐label trial in Asian patients
Authors: Verma Swapna , Subramaniam Mythily , Abdin Edimansyah , Sim Kang , Su Alex , Lee Nelson , Chong Siow Ann 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of long‐acting injectable risperidone (LAR) in Asian patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Twenty‐five patients enrolled in this 6‐month open labelled study. They were switched from their current antipsychotic to LAR without a prior oral risperidone run‐in phase. Efficacy was assessed by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and clinical global impression (CGI) scales. Extra‐pyramidal side effects (EPSE) was assessed using the Simpson Angus Scale (SAS), and weight and plasma levels of fasting blood glucose, lipids and prolactin were measured. Baseline and last visits differences were tested by paired t‐test and Wilcoxon signed‐rank test; ratings measured over time were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA.Participants' mean age was 30.3 (±6.6) years. Principal reason for switching to LAR was non‐compliance (40.0%). Thirteen (52%) patients completed the trial. Over 6 months, there were significant reductions in total PANSS (p = 0.008) and CGI (p = 0.001) scores. There were significant increases in weight (p < 0.001), levels of plasma cholesterol and fasting glucose.LAR was effective in improving symptom severity within the first month of starting treatment. However, significant increases in weight and plasma levels of fasting glucose and cholesterol raise concern about metabolic side effects. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Association study of polymorphisms in Insulin Induced Gene 2 (INSIG2) with antipsychotic‐induced weight gain in European and African‐American schizophrenia patients
Authors: Tiwari Arun K. , Zai Clement C. , Meltzer Herbert Y. , Lieberman Jeffrey A. , Müller Daniel J. , Kennedy James L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveAtypical antipsychotic drugs, in particular clozapine and olanzapine, influence cellular lipogenesis and are associated with metabolic side effects including weight gain. Insulin induced gene 2 (INSIG2) mediates feedback control of lipid synthesis and polymorphisms in the gene (rs17587100, rs10490624 and rs17047764) have been associated with antipsychotic induced weight gain. In this study we intended to replicate these findings in an independent patient population.MethodsAll three polymorphisms as well as an additional polymorphism (rs7566605) were genotyped in 154 patients who underwent treatment for chronic schizophrenia with one of four antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine, haloperidol or risperidone). Patients were evaluated for antipsychotic induced weight gain during treatment for up to 14 weeks.ResultsWe did not observe any significant allelic, genotypic or haplotypic association of the polymorphisms with antipsychotic induced weight gain in the patients of European ancestry (p > 0.05). In the patients of African ancestry, no haplotypic association was observed but a trend of allelic association with the C allele of rs7566605 and genotypic association with the ‘GC’ genotype in rs17047764 was observed (p = 0.02; pBonferroni = 0.225).ConclusionWe were unable to replicate significant associations in patients of European ancestry. However, we observed a marginal effect of the rs17047764 and rs7566605 in the African‐American sample. Since the latter observations were generated in a relatively small sample set, further replication studies are warranted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Benzo(a)pyrene causes PRKAA1/2‐dependent ID2 loss in trophoblast stem cells
Authors: Xie Yufen , Abdallah Mazen E. , Awonuga Awoniyi O. , Slater Jill A. , Puscheck Elizabeth E. , Rappolee Dan A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBenzo(a)pyrene (BaP), a cigarette smoke component, is metabolized to diol esters (BPDE) that bind to DNA and form mutagenic BPDE‐DNA adducts. BaP activates stress enzymes including stress‐activated protein kinase/jun kinase (MAPK8/9) in embryos, AMP‐activated protein kinase alpha1/2 subunits (PRKAA1/2) in somatic cells, and inhibits the proliferation of trophoblast cell lineages. The loss of transcription factor inhibitor of differentiation (ID)2 is required for the initial differentiation of mouse trophoblast stem cells (TSC) in implanting mouse embryo to produce the first placental hormone, chorionic sommatomammotropin (CSH)1. Here we demonstrate that BaP activates PRKAA1/2 and causes ID2 protein loss in TSC in a time‐ and dose‐dependent manner. Although PRKAA1/2 was activated at low BaP doses, PRKAA1/2‐dependent ID2 protein loss occurred at a dose that was similar to the threshold that results in a significant decrease in TSC accumulation and decreased fraction of proliferating TSC. This suggests a possible relationship between stress‐induced declines in cell accumulation and stem cell differentiation when BaP levels are high. The threshold BaP dose that induces significant ID2 loss is in the range of a 2–3 pack/day habit, suggesting that this mechanism may be involved with implantation failure in smoking women. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 533–539, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma presenting with pulmonary nodules and leukemoid reaction
Authors: Kalra Manas , Dinand Veronique , Sachdeva Anupam , Bhat Sunil , Piplani Tarun , Yadav Satya Prakash 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn 8‐year‐old female presented with fever and severe pain in the hipbones and legs for 2½ months. Investigations revealed a leukemoid reaction and bilateral diffuse nodular opacities on chest X‐ray. Supraclavicular lymph node biopsy was diagnostic of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), mixed cellularity. Both pulmonary nodules and leukemoid reaction being present in the same patient with HL has not been reported. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:193–195. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elevated soluble transferrin receptor levels reflect increased erythropoietic drive rather than iron deficiency in pediatric sickle cell disease
Authors: Lulla Rishi R. , Thompson Alexis A. , Liem Robert I. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of iron deficiency in pediatric sickle cell disease (SCD) is difficult to describe because standard markers of iron metabolism are altered in this inflammatory state. Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) is an alternative marker of iron utilization. Our primary objective was to evaluate the utility of sTfR as a biomarker of hemolysis and erythropoietic drive versus iron metabolism in SCD.ProcedureIn a prospective cohort study, we screened 51 children with SCD at steady state with markers of iron status and sTfR. Iron deficient patients were treated with ferrous sulfate for 6 weeks, followed by repeat testing.ResultsAt baseline, there was stronger correlation between sTfR and markers of hemolysis and erythropoietic drive, including hemoglobin (Spearman's r = −0.67, P ≤ 0.001) and reticulocyte count (Spearman's r = 0.59, P ≤ 0.001), than with markers of iron metabolism, such as transferrin saturation (TS; Spearman's r = 0.33, P = 0.02) and ferritin (Spearman's r = 0.17, P = 0.26). Eleven (21%) of the 51 children were identified as iron deficient. For treated patients, response to iron therapy was variable, although all patients had a significant increase (mean 11 ± 3.9%, P = 0.001) in TS.ConclusionssTfR activity is a stronger biomarker of hemolysis and erythropoietic drive than of iron‐restricted erythropoiesis in pediatric SCD. Low TS was most suggestive of iron deficiency and an increase in TS represented the most consistent indicator of response to iron supplementation. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:141–144. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
R1507, a fully human monoclonal antibody targeting IGF‐1R, is effective alone and in combination with rapamycin in inhibiting growth of osteosarcoma xenografts
Authors: Kolb E. Anders , Kamara Davida , Zhang Wendong , Lin Juan , Hingorani Pooja , Baker Laurence , Houghton Peter , Gorlick Richard 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe combination of rapamycin and R1507, a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting the IGF‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R), in osteosarcoma xenograft tumors in vivo is evaluated in this report.ProcedureSix osteosarcoma xenograft tumor models were evaluated for growth inhibition after monotherapy with R1507, rapamycin, and the combination of both drugs. Phosphorylation of proteins involved in IGF‐1R signaling is evaluated at various time points by immunoblotting.ResultsIGF‐1R was expressed in five of the six human osteosarcoma tumor lines. Objective responses to R1507 were seen in four of the six tumor lines (OS1, OS2, OS9, and OS17) including one complete response in OS1. IGF‐1R protein levels did not predict degree of response to R1507 in the sensitive tumors. However, in one of the two R1507‐resistant tumors (OS33), there was a minimal expression of IGF‐1R. An increase in AKT phosphorylation was observed in all the osteosarcoma tumors treated with rapamycin. However, phosphorylation of AKT was inhibited when rapamycin was used in combination with R1507. In three of the xenograft tumor lines, there was an improvement in response when R1507 was used in combination with rapamycin.ConclusionsIGF‐1R inhibition by R1507 induced tumor growth delays and improvement in event‐free survival in four of six osteosarcoma xenograft tumor lines. R1507 negates increased signaling through AKT in response to mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition, suggesting that the combination is worthy of further evaluation in patients. As R1507 and other IGF‐1R inhibitors advance in clinical trials, it will be important to understand biomarkers of response and pathways of resistance. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:67–75. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Retinal hemorrhages as a presenting sign in an adolescent patient with hepatosplenic gamma–delta T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Edwards Jeremy , Simmons Elizabeth , Cordero Steve , Lieuw Kenneth , Roberts Stephen 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHepatosplenic gamma–delta T‐cell lymphoma is a very rare, aggressive form of peripheral lymphoma first recognized in 1990. Patients often present with organomegaly, anemia, adenopathy, and B symptoms. Rarely in the literature is a pediatric patient described with this subtype of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma. Also, retinal hemorrhages have never been described as a presenting symptom of hepatosplenic gamma–delta T‐cell lymphoma. We describe an adolescent patient with hepatosplenic gamma–delta T‐cell lymphoma who presented with retinal hemorrhages, massive splenomegaly, bone marrow involvement, and B symptoms. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:190–192. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Regression of a congenital mesoblastic nephroma
Authors: Whittle Sarah , Gosain Ankush , Brown Petagay Y. Scott , Debelenko Lairsa , Raimondi Susana , Wilimas Judith A. , Jenkins Jesse J. , Davidoff Andrew M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHistologically, the cellular variant of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) is very similar to another rare tumor of infancy, infantile fibrosarcoma (IFS). In addition to the histologic similarities, these tumor types share cytogenetic abnormalities including translocation t(12;15)(p13;q25). We describe herein the case of a child who did not have immediate surgical resection of a CMN and whose tumor was untreated for 8 months. During that time, the tumor demonstrated a significant degree of regression. The shared translocation with IFS, a tumor with well‐documented potential for spontaneous regression, suggests that this genetic abnormality may have contributed to the favorable clinical course. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:364–368. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
CD56‐negative extranodal nasal type NK/T‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Miles Rodney R. , Afify Zeinab , Yaish Hassan , Perkins Sherrie L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractExtranodal natural killer (NK)/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type, is a rare lymphoma that occurs predominantly in Asian adults. In this report, we describe the clinical and pathologic features of an unusual aggressive lymphoid neoplasm in a child and review the literature on NK/T‐cell lymphoma in children. The patient was a 4‐year‐old Native American male with facial swelling, lymphadenopathy, and fevers. Biopsy demonstrated neoplastic lymphoid cells that expressed CD3, CD8, TIA‐1, and EBV‐encoded RNA without CD56. The patient failed multiagent chemotherapy and died of therapy‐related complications. This case represents an extranodal NK/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type, with an unusual lack of CD56. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:186–189. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in children and adolescents
Authors: Rao Amulya A. Nageswara , Laack Nadia N. , Giannini Caterina , Wetmore Cynthia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundPleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) is a rare astrocytic tumor occurring primarily in children and young adults. The superficial location of the tumor facilitates gross total resection (GTR) thus conferring a relatively favorable outcome with a reported 10‐year overall survival (OS) of 70%.ProcedureA retrospective case analysis of children and adolescents diagnosed and treated with PXA in our institution between January 1980 and March 2009 and a literature review.Results85.7% of our patients with a GTR were recurrence free. Only one of seven patients with less than a GTR did not recur and median time to recurrence was under 1 year in patients who did not have a GTR. Two of three patients with anaplastic features or malignant transformation at initial presentation progressed. Five‐year OS and recurrence free survival (RFS) was 85.7% and 49%, respectively.ConclusionsGTR is the preferred treatment modality for PXA. Anaplastic features, though uncommon at initial presentation, confer a less favorable outcome. The role of adjuvant therapy with primary and recurrent anaplastic PXAs, especially when complete resection is not feasible, warrants further study. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:290–294. © 2010 Wiley–Liss, Inc.
Instrumental variable methods in comparative safety and effectiveness research
Authors: Brookhart M. Alan , Rassen Jeremy A. , Schneeweiss Sebastian 
Published: March 2010

AbstractInstrumental variable (IV) methods have been proposed as a potential approach to the common problem of uncontrolled confounding in comparative studies of medical interventions, but IV methods are unfamiliar to many researchers. The goal of this article is to provide a non‐technical, practical introduction to IV methods for comparative safety and effectiveness research. We outline the principles and basic assumptions necessary for valid IV estimation, discuss how to interpret the results of an IV study, provide a review of instruments that have been used in comparative effectiveness research, and suggest some minimal reporting standards for an IV analysis. Finally, we offer our perspective of the role of IV estimation vis‐à‐vis more traditional approaches based on statistical modeling of the exposure or outcome. We anticipate that IV methods will be often underpowered for drug safety studies of very rare outcomes, but may be potentially useful in studies of intended effects where uncontrolled confounding may be substantial. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.