bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychometric properties of the Turkish Young Compensation Inventory
Authors: Karaosmanoğlu H. Alp , Soygüt Gonca , Kabul Asiye 
Published: September 2011

The purpose of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Young Compensation Inventory (YCI). Seven hundred and forty‐three patients participated in the study. Principal components analysis with equamax rotation was carried out, and seven definable factor structures emerged. Internal consistency analysis revealed statistically significant correlation coefficients. As to convergent validity, correlational analysis of theoretically related variables showed statistically significant coefficients. Furthermore, the discriminant validity assessed through t‐test analysis comparing clinical and non‐clinical samples (n = 516) yielded statistically significant differences. In overall evaluation, the Turkish YCI was found to have acceptable levels of reliability and validity. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

The YCI is a self‐report questionnaire consisting of 48 items that assess the schema compensation strategies.
The Turkish YCI has acceptable levels of reliability and validity.
The Turkish YCI is ready to be used in both schema therapy practice and research settings in Turkey.
Erythema nodosum leprosum: Report of two cases
Authors: Aggarwal Roopak , Gupta Oneal , Beg Shaham , Prasad Rajni 
Published: September 2011

AbstractErythema nodosum leprosum (ENL) or type 2 lepra reaction is an inflammatory reaction, which may occur in the course of hanseniasis, may compel the patient to seek medical attention and may result in nerve function impairment and subsequent disability. Thus, recognition and timely management of these patients is critical in order to avoid permanent disability. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology is simple and effective tool that aids in the correct diagnosis and management of ENL. Herein, we present two cases of ENL, one with typical and another with atypical presentation. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013;41:366–368. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High sensitivity and positive predictive value of fine‐needle aspiration for uncommon thyroid malignancies
Authors: Dustin Simone M. , Jo Vickie Y. , Hanley Krisztina Z. , Stelow Edward B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration (FNA) is a screening and diagnostic tool used to triage the management of thyroid nodules. While FNA has proved to be a sensitive means of detecting common thyroid malignancies, less is known about the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of FNA for uncommon thyroid malignancies, including anaplastic thyroid carcinomas, medullary thyroid carcinomas, lymphomas, metastatic carcinomas, and other malignancies. We reviewed our experience with these uncommon malignancies sampled by thyroid FNA and recorded interpretations according to the Bethesda System. We compared the FNA interpretations to the follow‐up cytology, histology, and flow cytometry. The sensitivity and PPV were as follows: anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (sensitivity 100%, PPV 89%), lymphoma (sensitivity 100%, PPV 100%), medullary thyroid carcinoma (sensitivity 83%, PPV 100%), metastatic carcinoma (sensitivity 80%, PPV 80%), and other malignancy (sensitivity 100%, PPV 100%). Four false‐negative and two false‐positive diagnoses were identified. While cases were nearly always triaged correctly, occasional pitfalls were encountered. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reciprocal actions of ATF5 and Shh in proliferation of cerebellar granule neuron progenitor cells
Authors: Lee Hae Young , Angelastro James M. , Kenney Anna Marie , Mason Carol A. , Greene Lloyd A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPrecise regulation of neuroprogenitor cell proliferation and differentiation is required for successful brain development, but the factors that contribute to this are only incompletely understood. The transcription factor ATF5 promotes proliferation of cerebral cortical neuroprogenitor cells and its down regulation permits their differentiation. Here, we examine the expression and regulation of ATF5 in cerebellar granule neuron progenitor cells (CGNPs) as well as the role of ATF5 in the transition of CGNPs to postmitotic cerebellar granule neurons (GCNs). We find that ATF5 is expressed by proliferating CGNPs in both the embryonic and postnatal cerebellar external granule layer (EGL) and in the rhombic lip, the embryonic structure from which the EGL arises. In contrast, ATF5 is undetectable in postmitotic GCNs. In highly enriched dissociated cultures of CGNPs and CGNs, ATF5 is expressed only in CGNPs. Constitutive ATF5 expression in CGNPs does not affect their proliferation or exit from the cell cycle. In contrast, in presence of sonic hedgehog (Shh), a mitogen for CGNPs, constitutively expressed ATF5 promotes CGNP proliferation and delays their cell cycle exit and differentiation. Conversely, ATF5 loss‐of‐function conferred by a dominant‐negative form of ATF5 significantly diminishes Shh‐stimulated CGNP proliferation and promotes differentiation. In parallel with its stimulation of CGNP proliferation, Shh enhances ATF5 expression by what appeared to be a posttranscriptional mechanism involving protein stabilization. These findings indicate a reciprocal interaction between ATF5 and Shh in which Shh stimulates ATF5 expression and in which ATF5 contributes to Shh‐stimulated CGNP expansion. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 789–804, 2012
Generating neuronal diversity in the Drosophila central nervous system
Authors: Lin Suewei , Lee Tzumin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGenerating diverse neurons in the central nervous system involves three major steps. First, heterogeneous neural progenitors are specified by positional cues at early embryonic stages. Second, neural progenitors sequentially produce neurons or intermediate precursors that acquire different temporal identities based on their birth‐order. Third, sister neurons produced during asymmetrical terminal mitoses are given distinct fates. Determining the molecular mechanisms underlying each of these three steps of cellular diversification will unravel brain development and evolution. Drosophila has a relatively simple and tractable CNS, and previous studies on Drosophila CNS development have greatly advanced our understanding of neuron fate specification. Here we review those studies and discuss how the lessons we have learned from fly teach us the process of neuronal diversification in general. Developmental Dynamics 241:57–68, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Transgenic zebrafish expressing green fluorescent protein in dopaminergic neurons of the ventral diencephalon
Authors: Xi Yanwei , Yu Man , Godoy Rafael , Hatch Gary , Poitras Luc , Ekker Marc 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe have generated a line of transgenic zebrafish, Tg(dat:EGFP), in which the green fluorescent protein (GFP) is expressed under the control ofcis‐regulatory elements of thedopamine transporter(dat) gene. In Tg(dat:EGFP) fish, dopamine (DA) neurons are labeled with GFP, including those in ventral diencephalon (vDC) clusters, amacrine cells in the retina, in the olfactory bulb, in the pretectum, and in the caudal hypothalamus. In the vDC, DA neurons of groups 2–6 are correctly labeled with GFP, based on colocalization analyses. MPTP (1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine) treatments induced a modest but significant loss of DA neurons in groups 2–6 of the vDC. This transgenic line will be useful for the study of DA neuron development and in models of DA neuron loss. Developmental Dynamics 240:2539–2547, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Expansion of a restricted residual host Treg‐cell repertoire is dependent on IL‐2 following experimental autologous hematopoietic stem transplantation
Authors: Bayer Allison L. , Chirinos Jackeline , Cabello Cecilia , Yang Jing , Matsutani Takaji , Malek Thomas R. , Levy Robert B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe previously identified a population of residual Treg cells following autologous hematopoietic stem transplantation (HSCT), that rapidly undergoes significant expansion in lymphopenic transplant recipients prior to repopulation by donor de novo derived Treg cells. These CD4+Foxp3+ T cells provide protection from the development of autoimmune disease. Although ablative conditioning results in excess IL‐7 and IL‐15, IL‐2 is typically not found at high levels following autologous HSCT. We therefore examined the role of these three STAT‐5 signaling cytokines in the expansion of residual Treg cells after autologous HSCT. The present study found that the residual Treg cell population included surviving peripheral host Foxp3+CD4+ T cells whose expansion was critically dependent on IL‐2, which could be solely provided by surviving host cells. IL‐7 was found to contribute to Treg cell homeostasis, however, not as a growth factor but rather for their persistence. In conjunction with this expansion, TCR spectratype analyses revealed that the residual host Treg‐cell compartment differed from that present in non‐conditioned healthy mice since the residual host Treg cells exhibit a limited TCR diversity. Collectively, these data indicate that the proliferation of Treg and T effector (Teff) cells post‐HSCT utilize separate pools of cytokines which has important implications regarding the development of clinical strategies to elicit the desired immune responses in patients post‐transplant.
Palmitoylation of MICA, a ligand for NKG2D, mediates its recruitment to membrane microdomains and promotes its shedding
Authors: Agüera‐González Sonia , Gross Catharina C. , Fernández‐Messina Lola , Ashiru Omodele , Esteso Gloria , Hang Howard C. , Reyburn Hugh T. , Long Eric O. , Valés‐Gómez Mar 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMICA and MICB (MHC‐class‐I‐related chain A/B) are transmembrane proteins expressed in pathological conditions that are ligands for NKG2D, an activating receptor found on cytotoxic lymphocytes. The recognition on target cells of NKG2D ligands leads to the activation of lysis and cytokine secretion by NK cells and T cells. Besides being expressed at the cell surface, MICA/B can be released as soluble proteins. Soluble NKG2D ligands downmodulate expression of the NKG2D receptor on lymphocytes, leading to a diminished cytotoxic response. Prior studies suggested that recruitment of MICA/B molecules to cholesterol‐enriched microdomains was an important factor regulating the proteolytic release of these molecules. We now show that recruitment of MICA to these microdomains depends on palmitoylation of two cysteine residues that allow MICA molecules to reside in the membrane in the same domains as caveolin‐1. Compared with WT molecules, nonpalmitoylated mutant MICA molecules were shed to the supernatant with low efficiency; however, both WT and mutant MICA were able to trigger NK cell cytotoxicity. These data suggest that the presence of NKG2D ligands at the plasma membrane is sufficient to activate cytotoxicity and reflect the need of different ligands to exploit different cellular pathways to reach the cell surface upon different stress situations.
Early B blasts acquire a capacity for Ig class switch recombination that is lost as they become plasmablasts
Authors: Marshall Jennifer L. , Zhang Yang , Pallan Lalit , Hsu Mei‐Chi , Khan Mahmood , Cunningham Adam F. , MacLennan Ian C. M. , Toellner Kai‐Michael 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRapid production of neutralizing antibody can be critical for limiting the spread of infection. Such early antibody results when B‐cell blasts mature directly to plasmablasts without forming germinal centers. These extrafollicular responses can involve Ig class switch recombination (CSR), producing antibody that can readily disseminate through infected tissues. The present study identifies the differentiation stage where CSR occurs in an extrafollicular response induced by 4‐hydroxy‐3‐nitrophenyl acetyl (NP) conjugated to Ficoll (NP‐Ficoll). To do this, we took advantage of the antigen dose dependency of CSR in this response. Thus, while both 30 and 1 μg NP‐Ficoll induce plasmablasts, only the higher antigen dose induces CSR. Activation‐induce cytidine deaminase (AID) is critical for CSR and in keeping with this a proportion of NP‐specific B‐cell blasts induced by 30 μg NP‐Ficoll express AID. None of the B blasts responding to the non‐CSR‐inducing 1 μg dose of NP‐Ficoll express AID. We confirmed that CSR occurs in B blasts by demonstrating the presence of rearranged heavy‐chain transcripts in B blasts in the 30 μg response. CSR in this extrafollicular response is confined to B blasts, because NP‐specific plasmablasts, identified by expressing CD138 and Blimp‐1, no longer express AID and cannot undergo CSR.
Unravelling the T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune attack on CNS myelin in a new primate EAE model induced with MOG34–56 peptide in incomplete adjuvant
Authors: Jagessar S. Anwar , Heijmans Nicole , Blezer Erwin L. A. , Bauer Jan , Blokhuis Jeroen H. , Wubben Jacqueline A. M. , Drijfhout Jan W. , van den Elsen Peter J. , Laman Jon D. , Hart Bert A.'t 
Published: September 2011

AbstractInduction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) has been documented in common marmosets using peptide 34–56 from human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG34‐56) in incomplete Freund's adjuvant (IFA). Here, we report that this EAE model is associated with widespread demyelination of grey and white matter. We performed an in‐depth analysis of the specificity, MHC restriction and functions of the activated T cells in the model, which likely cause EAE in an autoantibody‐independent manner. T‐cell lines isolated from blood and lymphoid organs of animals immunized with MOG34–56 displayed high production of IL‐17A and specific lysis of MOG34–56‐pulsed EBV B‐lymphoblastoid cells as typical hallmarks. Cytotoxicity was directed at the epitope MOG40–48 presented by the non‐classical MHC class Ib allele Caja‐E, which is orthologue to HLA‐E and is expressed in non‐inflamed brain. In vivo activated T cells identified by flow cytometry in cultures with MOG34–56, comprised CD4+CD56+ and CD4+CD8+CD56+ T cells. Furthermore, phenotypical analysis showed that CD4+CD8+CD56+ T cells also expressed CD27, but CD16, CD45RO, CD28 and CCR7 were absent. These results show that, in the MOG34–56/IFA marmoset EAE model, a Caja‐E‐restricted population of autoreactive cytotoxic T cells plays a key role in the process of demyelination in the grey and white matter.
Synthesis of New N‐Ethyl Dehydroamino Acid Derivatives: N‐Ethyl β,β‐Dibromo, N‐Ethyl β‐Bromo β‐Substituted, and N‐Ethyl β,β‐Disubstituted N‐Protected Dehydroamino Acid Methyl Esters
Authors: Monteiro Luís S. , Andrade Juliana J. , Suárez Ana C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRecently, we reported the use of a sequence of alkylation and dehydration methodologies to obtain new non‐proteinogenic amino acids (N‐ethyl α,β‐dehydroamino acids) from the methyl esters of N‐(4‐nitrophenylsulfonyl) β‐hydroxy amino acids. Thus, it was possible to obtain for the first time, non‐natural amino acids that incorporate both N‐ethyl and α,β‐dehydro moieties. Herein, we report the application of this N‐alkylation procedure to several methyl esters of β,β‐dibromo and β‐bromo β‐substituted dehydroamino acids protected with standard amine protecting groups such as tert‐butyloxycarbonyl, benzyloxycarbonyl, and (4‐nitrobenzyl)oxycarbonyl, as well as acyl and sulfonyl groups. The procedure allows the synthesis of the methyl esters of N‐protected N‐ethyl β,β‐dibromo and N‐ethyl β‐bromo β‐substituted dehydroamino acids in fair to high yields. Some of these N‐ethylated dehydroamino acid derivatives were used as substrates in cross‐coupling reactions to give β,β‐disubstituted N‐ethyldehydroalanine derivatives.
Parieto‐frontal network in humans studied by cortico‐cortical evoked potential
Authors: Matsumoto Riki , Nair Dileep R. , Ikeda Akio , Fumuro Tomoyuki , LaPresto Eric , Mikuni Nobuhiro , Bingaman William , Miyamoto Susumu , Fukuyama Hidenao , Takahashi Ryosuke , Najm Imad , Shibasaki Hiroshi , Lüders Hans O. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractParieto‐frontal network is essential for sensorimotor integration in various complex behaviors, and its disruption is associated with pathophysiology of apraxia and visuo‐spatial disorders. Despite advances in knowledge regarding specialized cortical areas for various sensorimotor transformations, little is known about the underlying cortico‐cortical connectivity in humans. We investigated inter‐areal connections of the lateral parieto‐frontal networkin vivoby means of cortico‐cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs). Six patients with epilepsy and one with brain tumor were studied. With the use of subdural electrodes implanted for presurgical evaluation, network configuration was investigated by tracking the connections from the parietal stimulus site to the frontal site where the maximum CCEP was recorded. It was characterized by (i) a near‐to‐near and distant‐to‐distant, mirror symmetric configuration across the central sulcus, (ii) preserved dorso‐ventral organization (the inferior parietal lobule to the ventral premotor area and the superior parietal lobule to the dorsal premotor area), and (iii) projections to more than one frontal cortical sites in 56% of explored connections. These findings were also confirmed by the standardized parieto‐frontal CCEP connectivity map constructed in reference to the Jülich cytoarchitectonic atlas in the MNI standard space. The present CCEP study provided an anatomical blueprint underlying the lateral parieto‐frontal network and demonstrated a connectivity pattern similar to non‐human primates in the newly developed inferior parietal lobule in humans. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
IL28B Alleles Associated With Poor Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Clearance Protect Against Inflammation and Fibrosis in Patients Infected With Non-1 HCV Genotypes
Authors: Bochud Pierre-Yves , Bibert Stéphanie , Kutalik Zoltán , Patin Etienne , Guergnon Julien , Nalpas Bertrand , Goossens Nicolas , Kuske Lorenz , Müllhaupt Beat , Gerlach Tillman , Heim Markus H. , Moradpour Darius , Cerny Andreas , Malinverni Raffaele , Regenass Stephan , Dollenmaier Guenter , Hirsch Hans , Martinetti Gladys , Gorgiewski Meri , Bourlière Marc , Poynard Thierry , Theodorou Ioannis , Abel Laurent , Pol Stanislas , Dufour Jean-François , Negro Francesco 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Genetic polymorphisms near

IL28B

are associated with spontaneous and treatment-induced clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV), two processes that require the appropriate activation of the host immune responses. Intrahepatic inflammation is believed to mirror such activation, but its relationship with

IL28B

polymorphisms has yet to be fully appreciated. We analyzed the association of

IL28B

polymorphisms with histological and follow-up features in 2335 chronically HCV-infected Caucasian patients. Assessable phenotypes before any antiviral treatment included necroinflammatory activity (n = 1,098), fibrosis (n = 1,527), fibrosis progression rate (n = 1,312), and hepatocellular carcinoma development (n = 1,915). Associations of alleles with the phenotypes were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression, accounting for all relevant covariates. The rare G allele at

IL28B

marker

rs8099917

—previously shown to be at risk of treatment failure—was associated with lower activity (

P

= 0.04), lower fibrosis (

P

= 0.02) with a trend toward lower fibrosis progression rate (

P

= 0.06). When stratified according to HCV genotype, most significant associations were observed in patients infected with non-1 genotypes (

P

= 0.003 for activity,

P

= 0.001 for fibrosis, and

P

= 0.02 for fibrosis progression rate), where the odds ratio of having necroinflammation or rapid fibrosis progression for patients with

IL28B

genotypes TG or GG versus TT were 0.48 (95% confidence intervals 0.30-0.78) and 0.56 (0.35-0.92), respectively.

IL28B

polymorphisms were not predictive of the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conclusion :

In chronic hepatitis C,

IL28B

variants associated with poor response to interferon therapy may predict slower fibrosis progression, especially in patients infected with non-1 HCV genotypes. (Hepatology 2012)
CD59 Incorporation Protects Hepatitis C Virus Against Complement-Mediated Destruction
Authors: Amet Tohti , Ghabril Marwan , Chalasani Naga , Byrd Daniel , Hu Ningjie , Grantham Ayslinn , Liu Ziqing , Qin Xuebin , He Johnny J. , Yu Qigui 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Several enveloped viruses including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), cytomegalovirus (CMV), herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), Ebola virus, vaccinia virus, and influenza virus have been found to incorporate host regulators of complement activation (RCA) into their viral envelopes and, as a result, escape antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis (ADCML). Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an enveloped virus of the family

Flaviviridae

and incorporates more than 10 host lipoproteins. Patients chronically infected with HCV develop high-titer and crossreactive neutralizing antibodies (nAbs), yet fail to clear the virus, raising the possibility that HCV may also use the similar strategy of RCA incorporation to escape ADCML. The current study was therefore undertaken to determine whether HCV virions incorporate biologically functional CD59, a key member of RCA. Our experiments provided several lines of evidence demonstrating that CD59 was associated with the external membrane of HCV particles derived from either Huh7.5.1 cells or plasma samples from HCV-infected patients. First, HCV particles were captured by CD59-specific Abs. Second, CD59 was detected in purified HCV particles by immunoblot analysis and in the cell-free supernatant from HCV-infected Huh7.5.1 cells, but not from uninfected or adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) (a nonenveloped cytolytic virus)-infected Huh7.5.1 cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Last, abrogation of CD59 function with its blockers increased the sensitivity of HCV virions to ADCML, resulting in a significant reduction of HCV infectivity. Additionally, direct addition of CD59 blockers into plasma samples from HCV-infected patients increased autologous virolysis.

Conclusion :

Our study, for the first time, demonstrates that CD59 is incorporated into both cell line-derived and plasma primary HCV virions at levels that protect against ADCML. This is also the first report to show that direct addition of RCA blockers into plasma from HCV-infected patients renders endogenous plasma virions sensitive to ADCML. (Hepatology 2012)
Training in context: Toward a person‐by‐situation view of voluntary training
Authors: Morrell Daniel L. , Korsgaard M. Audrey 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe purpose of this field study of 327 nonfaculty university professionals was to examine the joint relationship of conscientiousness and context on two dependent variables: motivation and participation in voluntary training systems. Drawing on the principles of person‐by‐situation theories of personality, this study examined how the relationship between conscientiousness and training is moderated by social cues and managerial status. The findings from a field study indicated that the relationship between conscientiousness and motivation to learn was moderated by the favorableness of social cues from coworkers and supervisors. Results also indicated the relationship between conscientiousness and training participation was moderated by managerial status. The findings bolster research on the importance of situational factors on the decision to participate in voluntary training.