bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in Anti‐Poverty Approaches in Europe and The United States: A Cross‐Atlantic Descriptive Policy Analysis
Authors: Caminada Koen , Martin Megan C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPoverty alleviation is an important objective of European countries and of the United States. If these ‘rich’ states offer elaborate systems of income maintenance, why is there still a considerable amount of poverty? And why are anti‐poverty outcomes so different in the United States compared to European countries? This paper completes a trilogy of cross‐country research papers on anti‐poverty policy. Two former papers analyzed the effects of social transfers on both poverty levels and poverty alleviation through tax and social transfer systems. These papers marked the United States as an outlier: high poverty rates, low public social spending but high private social expenditures, a rather strong belief that people are poor because of laziness or lack of will, and remarkable differences across the Federal States caused by state discretion. Therefore, this paper discusses differences in anti‐poverty approaches between the European Union and the United States.
New Species of the Genus Lasioderma (Coleoptera, Anobiidae) from Crimea and the Caucasus
Authors: Toskina I. 
Published: June 2011

New Species of the Genus Lasioderma (Coleoptera, Anobiidae) from Crimea and the Caucasus
Five species of the genus Lasioderma Stephens, 1835 from Crimea (L. dolini sp. n., L. tauricum sp. n.), North Caucasus (L. prolixum sp. n., L. sparsum sp. n.), and Armenia (L. morulum sp. n.) are described. A key to 17 species of the genus Lasioderma occurring in these regions is compiled.
On the Smallest and Largest Zeros of Müntz-Legendre Polynomials
Authors: Stefánsson Úlfar F. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMüntz-Legendre polynomials Ln(Λ x) associated with a sequence Λ = {λk} are obtained
by orthogonalizing the system (xλ0, xλ1 , xλ2, … ) in L2[0, 1] with respect to the Legendre weight. If
the λk's are distinct, it is well known that Ln(Λ x) has exactly n zeros ln,n < ln-1,n < … < l2,n < l1,n
on (0, 1).First we prove the following global bound for the smallest zeroAn important consequence is that if the associated Müntz space is non-dense in L2[0, 1], thenso the elements Ln(Λ x) have no zeros close to 0.Furthermore, we determine the asymptotic behavior of the largest zeros; for k fixed,
Pulsatile Perfusion Preservation for Expanded-Criteria Donors Kidneys: Impact on Delayed Graft Function Rate
Authors: Abboud Imad , Antoine Corinne , Gaudez François , Fieux Fabienne , Lefaucheur Carmen , Pillebout Evangéline , Viglietti Denis , Serrato Tomas , Vérine Jérôme , Flamant Martin , Peraldi Marie-Noëlle , Glotz Denis 
Published: June 2011

Purpose Expanded criteria donors (ECD) kidneys are a potential solution to organ shortage, but exhibit more delayed graft function (DGF). We conducted a prospective controlled study aiming to evaluate the impact of Pulsatile Perfusion Preservation (PPP) on DGF rate. Methods Inclusion criteria were: 1) ECD definition (any brain-dead donor aged > 60 years or aged 50-60 years with at least 2 of the following: history of hypertension, terminal serum creatinin level ≥ 1.5 mg/dL, death resulting from a cerebrovascular accident; 2) Donor prolonged circulatory arrest (> 20 mn); 3) previsible cold ischemia time longer than 24 hours. In each pair of kidneys, one organ was preserved with PPP and the other organ was preserved in static cold storage. Results From February 2007 to September 2009, a total of 22 donors (44 recipients) were included. Recipients were comparable in the two groups with respect to demographic and immunological data. The rate of DGF was significantly lower (9% vs. 31.8%, p=0.021) in the PPP group. At 1, 3, and 12 months, renal function was comparable in the two groups. Conclusions Pulsatile Perfusion Preservation significantly reduced DGF rate in ECD kidney transplantation.
Can advergames boost children's healthier eating habits? A comparison between healthy and non‐healthy food
Authors: Dias Mónica , Agante Luísa 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this paper is to provide a contribution towards increasing knowledge on how healthy food stimuli can improve eating behaviour, by making a comparison between advergames' food content effects on children's food choices, product liking and nutritional knowledge.A sample of 231 elementary‐school‐age children (7 and 8 years old) was randomly assigned to one of the following tasks: (i) playing the healthy advergame and (ii) playing the less healthy advergame. A post‐treatment pictured questionnaire was used to assess children's behaviour in terms of immediate food choice, food liking and nutritional knowledge, following exposure to treatment. Results show that children tend to choose according to what was being advertised in the game. In terms of food liking, children who played the less healthy version of the game report a higher preference for some of the less healthy options. Regarding children's nutritional knowledge, no differences between groups were registered, indicating that children already have a solid understanding of what are ‘good’ and ‘bad’ foods for their health. Our findings are aligned with previous research on dual‐process model: although children's nutritional knowledge is good, they might not employ it when selecting snacks. According to these results, legal, educational and management contributions should be employed: regulation should protect children from less healthy contents on advergames; schools may use digital games to promote healthier eating habits; enterprises can invest on this market opportunity (healthy food targeting children); and finally, social marketing can use advergames in order to reduce child obesity.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An Adaptive Algorithm for Pairwise Comparison‐based Preference Measurement
Authors: Meißner Martin , Decker Reinhold , Scholz Sören W. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThe Pairwise Comparison‐based Preference Measurement (PCPM) approach has been proposed for products featuring a large number of attributes. In the PCPM framework, a static two‐cyclic design is used to reduce the number of pairwise comparisons. However, adaptive questioning routines that maximize the information gained from pairwise comparisons promise to further increase the efficiency of this approach.This paper introduces a new adaptive algorithm for PCPM, which accounts for several response errors. The suggested approach is compared with an adaptive algorithm that was proposed for the Analytic Hierarchy Process as well as a random selection of pairwise comparisons. By means of Monte Carlo simulations, we quantify the extent to which the adaptive selection of pairwise comparisons increases the efficiency of the respective approach. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Optimal Surgical Treatment for Primary Hyperparathyroidism in MEN1 Patients: A Systematic Review
Authors: Schreinemakers Jennifer M. J. , Pieterman Carolina R. C. , Scholten Anouk , Vriens Menno R. , Valk Gerlof D. , Borel Rinkes Inne H. M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal surgical approach for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN1) is controversial. We sought to determine the optimal type of surgery for pHPT in MEN1.MethodsWe collected data on clinical presentation, surgery, and follow‐up for MEN1 patients with pHPT at the University Medical Center Utrecht and affiliated hospitals between 1967 and 2008. Furthermore, we performed a systematic review of the literature and meta‐analysis. Surgical procedures were classified into less than subtotal (<SPTX) versus subtotal (SPTX) and total parathyroidectomy (TPTX).ResultsFifty‐two patients underwent primary surgery for pHPT, of which 29 had <SPTX, 17 SPTX, and 6 TPTX. Recurrent pHPT was most frequent after SPTX (65%) followed by <SPTX (59%). Persistent disease was most frequent after <SPTX (31%). Time to recurrence was 61 months longer after SPTX than after <SPTX. Although recurrent pHPT was not seen after TPTX, permanent hypoparathyroidism developed in 67% of these patients. The meta‐analysis showed that after SPTX and TPTX, patients had the lowest risk of persistent and recurrent pHPT. TPTX had the highest risk of permanent hypoparathyroidism. Large noncomparative studies showed a low recurrence rate after SPTX and TPTX.ConclusionWe believe that SPTX is the best surgical therapy for pHPT in MEN1. MEN1 patients with pHPT should not be treated with <SPTX because of the unacceptable high rate of recurrent and persistent pHPT. Additionally, a thymectomy should routinely be performed in these patients.
Popular Belief Meets Surgical Reality: Impact of Lunar Phases, Friday the 13th and Zodiac Signs on Emergency Operations and Intraoperative Blood Loss
Authors: Schuld Jochen , Slotta Jan E. , Schuld Simone , Kollmar Otto , Schilling Martin K. , Richter Sven 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe influence of superstition, moon calendars, and popular belief on evidence‐based medicine is stunning. More than 40% of medical staff is convinced that lunar phases can affect human behavior. The idea that Friday the 13th is associated with adverse events and bad luck is deep‐rooted in the population of Western industrial countries. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that these myths are transferable to real‐life surgery.MethodsWe analyzed the extent to which moon phases, zodiac signs, and Friday the 13th influence blood loss, emergency frequency, and intestinal perforations by evaluating the operation records of all 27,914 consecutive patients of our institution undergoing general, visceral, or vascular surgery between August 2001 and August 2010. Dates of surgery were allocated to lunar phases and to zodiac signs, as well as to Friday the 13th.ResultsA total of 111 lunar cycles and 15 Fridays the 13th occurred within the 3,281‐day observation period. Patients’ characteristics did not differ in lunar phases, zodiac signs, or Fridays the 13th. Full moon phases, the presence of Friday the 13th, and zodiac signs influenced neither intraoperative blood loss nor emergency frequency. No statistical peaks regarding perforated aortic aneurysms and gastrointestinal perforations were found on full moon or Friday the 13th.ConclusionsScientific analysis of our data does not support the belief that moon phases, zodiac signs, or Friday 13th influence surgical blood loss and emergency frequency. Our data indicate that such beliefs are myths far beyond reality.
Does Gastric Resection Have a Role in the Management of Severe Postfundoplication Gastric Dysfunction?
Authors: Clark Clancy J. , Sarr Michael G. , Arora Amindra S. , Nichols Francis C. , Reid‐Lombardo Kaye M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundBloating, flatulence, early satiety, and dysphagia resolve in more than 90% of patients early after fundoplication. Gastric dysfunction can persist, however, and a small number of patients develop severe gastric dysfunction (gastroparesis). Management of gastroparesis after antireflux procedures is generally conservative, but gastroparesis can become refractory to medical therapy. The aim of this study was to assess the role of gastric resection in the management of the unusual patient with severe postfundoplication gastric dysfunction.MethodsFrom January 1990 to October 2010, a total of 5,129 gastric resections were performed at our institution. From this cohort, we identified nine patients with postfundoplication gastric dysfunction managed with gastric resection. Clinical records were reviewed retrospectively for preoperative evaluation, perioperative course, and long‐term outcomes.ResultsOver 20 years, nine patients were treated with gastric resection for debilitating gastric dysfunction after antireflux surgery. Seven of the nine patients were female; the median preoperative body mass index was 25 kg/m2 (18–31 kg/m2). Median follow‐up was 23 months (1–97 months). Preoperatively, five patients required enteral feeding. Postoperatively, although there were no deaths, one patient required operative drainage of a subphrenic abscess, one developed temporary respiratory failure, and one was readmitted for partial small bowel obstruction. Six of the nine patients maintain their nutrition orally, but three are maintained with enteral nutrition. Only two patients are subjectively asymptomatic.ConclusionsOutcomes after gastric resection for postfundoplication gastric dysfunction are poor, with three of the nine patients requiring supplemental nutrition and seven of the nine having persistent symptoms.
Assessment of the Nodal Status in Ampullary Carcinoma: The Number of Positive Lymph Nodes Versus the Lymph Node Ratio
Authors: Sakata Jun , Shirai Yoshio , Wakai Toshifumi , Ajioka Yoichi , Akazawa Kouhei , Hatakeyama Katsuyoshi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThis study was intended to compare the prognostic power of the number of positive lymph nodes with that of the lymph node ratio in patients with ampullary carcinoma.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of the medical records of 71 consecutive patients with ampullary carcinoma who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy with regional lymph node dissection. A total of 2151 lymph nodes were dissected (median: 28 nodes per patient) and examined histologically. Cutoff points were determined for both the number of positive nodes and the lymph node ratio using χ2 scores calculated with the Cox proportional hazards regression model.ResultsLymph node metastasis was found in 34 patients. The best cutoff point for the number of positive nodes was identified as three nodes, and that for the lymph node ratio was identified as 10%. Univariate analysis revealed both the number of positive nodes (0, 1–3, or ≥4; P < 0.0001) and the lymph node ratio (0%, 0–10%, or >10%; P < 0.0001) as significant prognostic factors. Multivariate analysis identified the number of positive nodes as an independent prognostic factor (P < 0.001), whereas the lymph node ratio failed to remain as an independent variable. The cumulative 5‐year survival rates were 85% for patients with 0 positive nodes, 63% for patients with 1–3 positive nodes, and 0% for patients with ≥4 positive nodes (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe number of positive lymph nodes better predicts the outcome after resection than the lymph node ratio in patients with ampullary carcinoma.
The Necessity and Reliability of Intraoperative Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) Testing in Patients with Mild Hyperparathyroidism and PTH Levels in the Normal Range
Authors: Alhefdhi Amal , Pinchot Scott N. , Davis Ruth , Sippel Rebecca S. , Chen Herbert 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundIntraoperative parathyroid hormone (IoPTH) testing is useful in the management of hyperparathyroidism. The successful removal of hypersecreting parathyroids is indicated by a decrease in PTH levels >50% within 15 min. A subset of patients with mild hyperparathyroidism will actually have starting PTH levels in the normal range. We sought to determine if IoPTH testing is necessary in these patients and if the 50% rule delineating surgical cure is reliable.MethodsA retrospective review was performed on all patients who underwent parathyroidectomy for hyperparathyroidism at a single institution from 3/2001 to 8/2008.ResultsOf the 1,001 patients, 142 (14%) had mild hyperparathyroidism and normal baseline PTH levels (<65 pg/ml). Their mean PTH was 59 ± 1 pg/ml. During surgery, 105 (74%) had a >50% decline in PTH levels after resection of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands, and their operations were terminated. In contrast, 37 (26%) patients did not have a >50% decline in PTH levels leading to further surgical exploration. In these 37 patients, the PTH levels fell by >50% after the removal of the additional glands in 25 patients (17.6%) and dropped after 20 min in 7 patients (4.9%). In 5 patients (3.5%) the IoPTH did not drop. Of the 142 total patients, 91 had single adenomas and 51 patients had multi‐gland disease. All patients (100%) were cured (normal serum calcium after 6 months).ConclusionsIntraoperative PTH testing plays an important role in the operative management in 14% of patients with mild hyperparathyroidism. Importantly, a 50% decline in IoPTH level within 15 min of parathyroidectomy is 96.5% reliable in predicting cure in these patients with PTH starting in the normal range.
Radical Scavenging Activity and Performance of Novel Phenolic Antioxidants in Oils During Storage and Frying
Authors: Catel Yohann , Aladedunye Felix , Przybylski Roman 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNovel phenolic antioxidants: 2a (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐yl)methyl 3‐methoxy‐4‐hydroxycinnamate, 2b (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐yl)methyl 3,5‐dimethoxy‐4‐hydroxycinnamate, 2c (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐yl)methyl 3,4‐dihydroxycinnamate, and 3 (6‐hydroxy‐2,5,7,8‐tetramethylchroman‐2‐yl)methyl (6′‐hydroxy‐2′,5′,7′,8′‐tetramethylchroman‐2′‐carboxylate) have been prepared in good yields and fully characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, and HRMS. Their radical scavenging activities have been evaluated by DPPH and ORAC assays. Each of the synthesized antioxidants exhibited significantly higher radical scavenging activities than trolox and α‐tocopherol. These novel antioxidants efficiently protected canola oil triacylglycerides (CTG) during accelerated storage and frying. Compounds 2c and 3 were significantly more efficient than α‐tocopherol protecting CTG under accelerated storage. All new antioxidants were more efficient than α‐tocopherol under frying conditions and present significantly higher thermal stability.
Physiological function of hyaluronan in mammalian oocyte maturation
Authors: Yokoo Masaki , Sato Eimei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDespite its structural simplicity, hyaluronan exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities. Cumulus expansion observed during oocyte maturation in mammals is also induced by hyaluronan accumulation in cumulus−oocyte complexes. It has been demonstrated that this volumetric change in cumulus−oocyte complexes correlates with the progression of oocyte maturation. We have investigated the molecular mechanism of oocyte maturation in mammals, focusing on hyaluronan accumulation in cumulus−oocyte complexes during cumulus expansion. In this review, we describe the physiological function of hyaluronan, emphasizing the progression of oocyte maturation in mammals based on our previous findings.
Mode of Occurrence of Phosphorus in Iron Ores of Eastern Limb, Bonai Synclinorium, Eastern India
Authors: Upadhyay R. K. , Asokan S. , Venkatesh A. S. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract:
The eastern limb of horse shoe shaped “Bonai Synclinorium” in India hosts Banded Iron Formations (BIFs), consisting of major high grade iron deposits. Phosphorus (P) gets adsorbed in the iron ore by way of ion exchange mechanism of clay minerals and hydrated secondary iron oxide minerals. Its concentration is lesser in hard ores and blue dust types of ores, while the highest in case of lateritic ores. P content reduces with increase in iron (Fe) content in individual ore types. Along the eastern limb, phosphorus content gradually reduces from north to south direction. Since phosphorus is mainly associated with secondary lateritization process, its concentration is very high in top weathered profile and along the weaker zones.
A Longitudinal Analysis of the Relationship Between Fertility Timing and Schooling
Authors: Stange Kevin 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
This article quantifies the contribution of pre-treatment dynamic selection to the relationship between fertility timing and postsecondary attainment, after controlling for a rich set of predetermined characteristics. Eventual mothers and nonmothers are matched using their predicted birth hazard rate, which shares the desirable properties of a propensity score but in a multivalued treatment setting. I find that eventual mothers and matched nonmothers enter college at the same rate, but their educational paths diverge well before the former become pregnant. This pre-pregnancy divergence creates substantial differences in ultimate educational attainment that cannot possibly be due to the childbirth itself. Controls for predetermined characteristics and fixed effects do not address this form of dynamic selection bias. A dynamic model of the simultaneous childbirth-education sequencing decision is necessary to address it.
Environmentalism and Party Support in Canada: Recent Trends outside Quebec
Authors: Anderson Cameron D. , Stephenson Laura B. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract.Concern about the environment has grown around the world. Important work has assessed the correlates of support for the environment and its relationship to values (for example, Inglehart, 1995). Recent comparative work on political party positioning demonstrates how the issue has increasingly taken on a left–right dimension (Dalton, 2009). Filling a void in the literature, this paper explores how and whether the environmental issue has been incorporated into the ideological space of Canadian citizens and reflected in the views of the major political parties outside of Quebec. In particular, we first consider the extent to which the environment is a left–right issue in the minds of Canadian citizens. We follow this by assessing the effect of environmental concern on citizens' views of political parties and whether this issue tends to operate as a positional or valence issue in differentiating political parties. We use the Canadian Election Studies from 2000–2006 to address these research questions empirically.Résumé.L'intérêt pour la protection de l'environnement s'est intensifié autour du monde. Des recherches ont été menées sur la corrélation entre l'idéologie et la protection de l'environnement (par exemple, Inglehart 1995). Une étude récente sur le positionnement des partis politiques en matière d'environnement démontre que la question prend de plus en plus une dimension gauche–droite (Dalton 2009). Dans le but de combler un manque dans la littérature, cet article tente d'établir dans quelle mesure l'environnement a effectivement été intégré dans l'espace idéologique des citoyens canadiens et se reflète dans l'opinion sur les principaux partis politiques à l'extérieur du Québec. Nous examinons d'abord jusqu'à quel point l'environnement est considéré par les Canadiens comme un enjeu politique de gauche ou de droite. Nous évaluons ensuite l'effet de cet intérêt pour l'environnement sur l'opinion des citoyens canadiens à l'égard des partis politiques en vue de déterminer s'il s'agit là d'un enjeu de valeur ou d'un enjeu positionnel dans les choix politiques et électoraux. Nous appuyons empiriquement notre étude sur les données de l'Étude électorale canadienne de 2000 à 2006.