bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three‐dimensional (3D) visualization of endolymphatic hydrops after intratympanic injection of Gd‐DTPA: Optimization of a 3D‐real inversion‐recovery turbo spin‐echo (TSE) sequence and application of a 32‐channel head coil at 3T
Authors: Naganawa Shinji , Ishihara Shunichi , Iwano Shingo , Sone Michihiko , Nakashima Tsutomu 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPurpose:To enable volume visualization of endolymphatic hydrops of Ménière's disease via a volume rendering (VR) technique, a three‐dimensional (3D) inversion‐recovery (IR) sequence with real reconstruction (3D‐real IR) sequence after intratympanic injection of Gd‐DTPA was optimized for higher spatial resolution using a 32‐channel head coil at 3T.Materials and Methods:Pulse sequence parameters were optimized using a diluted Gd‐DTPA phantom. Then, 11 patients who had been clinically diagnosed with Ménière's disease and a patient with sudden hearing loss were scanned. Images were processed using commercially available 3D‐VR software. 3D‐real IR data was processed to produce endolymph and perilymph fluid volume images in different colors. 3D‐CISS data was processed to generate total fluid volume images.Results:While maintaining a comparable signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and scan time, the voxel volume could be reduced from 0.4 × 0.4 × 2 mm3 with a 12‐channel coil to 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.8 mm3 with a 32‐channel coil. A newly‐optimized protocol allowed the smooth, three‐dimensional visualization of endolymphatic hydrops in all patients with Ménière's disease.Conclusion:Volumetrically separate visualization of endo‐/perilymphatic space is now feasible in patients with Ménière's disease using an optimized 3D‐real IR sequence, a 32‐channel head coil, at 3T, after intratympanic administration of Gd‐DTPA. This will aid the understanding of the pathophysiology of Ménière's disease. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:210–214. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Breathhold‐regulated blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) MRI of human brain at 3 tesla
Authors: Hsu Yuan‐Yu , Kuan Wan‐Chun , Lim Kun‐Eng , Liu Ho‐Ling 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the cerebrovascular response to repeated breathhold challenges using blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) MRI at 3T and compare the results with previous data at 1.5T.Materials and Methods:Six normal volunteers and six patients with brain tumors were recruited for this 3T study. For the normal group, BOLD MRI during repeated breathholds of different durations (five to 30 seconds) were acquired. Maximum signal change, full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) and onset time (defined as the time to the first half‐maximum) were determined by curve fitting. The fractional activation volume was also calculated. Patients performed a 10‐ or 15‐second breathhold paradigm according to individual capability.Results:Significant BOLD signal increases in the gray matter for a breathhold period as short as 5 seconds at 3T, instead of 10 seconds at 1.5T. The fractional activation volume vs. breathhold duration reached a plateau of 49.54 ± 7.26% at 15 seconds at 3T, which was higher and shorter than that at 1.5T. The maximum signal changes were significantly larger (a 69% increase) at 3T than at 1.5T. In the patient group, there were BOLD signal increases in gray matter but not in tumor bulk or perifocal edema, which agreed with the results previously found at 1.5T.Conclusion:BOLD MRI at 3T is more sensitive for detecting breathhold‐regulated signal changes than at 1.5T, which allows a shorter and more feasible breathhold paradigm for clinical applications in patients with brain tumors. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:78–84. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dual‐echo arteriovenography imaging with 7T MRI
Authors: Bae Kyongtae Ty , Park Sung‐Hong , Moon Chan‐Hong , Kim Jung‐Hwan , Kaya Diana , Zhao Tiejun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPurpose:To implement a dual‐echo sequence MRI technique at 7T for simultaneous acquisition of time‐of‐flight (TOF) MR angiogram (MRA) and blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD) MR venogram (MRV) in a single MR acquisition and to compare the image qualities with those acquired at 3T.Materials and Methods:We implemented a dual‐echo sequence with an echo‐specific k‐space reordering scheme to uncouple the scan parameter requirements for MRA and MRV at 7T. The MRA and MRV vascular contrast was enhanced by maximally separating the k‐space center regions acquired for the MRA and MRV and by adjusting and applying scan parameters compatible between the MRA and MRV. The same imaging sequence was implemented at 3T. Four normal subjects were imaged at both 3T and 7T. MRA and MRV at 7T were reconstructed both with and without phase‐mask filtering and were compared quantitatively and qualitatively with those at 3T with phase‐mask filtering.Results:The depiction of small cortical arteries and veins on MRA and MRV at 7T was substantially better than that at 3T, due to about twice higher contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR) for both arteries (164 ±57 vs. 77 ± 26) and veins (72 ± 8 vs. 36 ± 6). Even without use of the phase‐masking filtering, the venous contrast at 7T (65 ± 7) was higher than that with the filtering at 3T (36 ± 6).Conclusion:The dual‐echo arteriovenography technique we implemented at 7T allows the improved visualization of small vessels in both the MRA and MRV because of the greatly increased signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and susceptibility contrast, compared to 3T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:255–261. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of lymph node metastases assessment With the use of USPIO‐enhanced MR imaging at 1.5 T versus 3.0 T in a rabbit model
Authors: Choi Seung Hong , Kim Keon Ha , Moon Woo Kyung , Kim Hyo‐Cheol , Cha Joo Hee , Paik Jin Ho , Chang Kee‐Hyun 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPurpose:To prospectively compare the diagnostic performances of 1.5 T and 3.0 T ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO)‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of lymph node (LN) metastases in a rabbit model.Materials and Methods:Experiments were approved by the animal care committee. VX2 carcinomas were implanted into the thighs of 18 rabbits 3 or 4 weeks before MRI examinations. T2*‐weighted 1.5 T and 3.0 T MRI was performed 24 hours after USPIO (2.6 mg/kg iron) administration. Two radiologists calculated signal intensity (SI) ratios (ie, the ratios of postcontrast to precontrast signal intensity) of each LN and also evaluated for the presence of a metastasis in the iliac and retroperitoneal LNs at 1.5 T and 3.0 T MRI. Student's t‐test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and a Z test were used for the statistical analysis.Results:Metastases were confirmed in 45 of 80 LNs by histopathology. For benign LNs the mean SI ratio at 1.5 T was higher (0.538) than at 3.0 T (0.463) (P = 0.004). In qualitative analysis, 1.5 T and 3.0 T USPIO‐enhanced MRI showed similar Az values (0.951 vs. 0.939; P = 0.296). The specificity of 3.0 T USPIO‐enhanced MRI was higher (91.4% [32 of 35]) than that of 1.5 T imaging (82.9% [29 of 35]) (P = 0.013); however, the sensitivities (88.9% [40 of 45]) were the same in the both modalities.Conclusion:3.0 T USPIO‐enhanced MRI shows a higher specificity as compared to 1.5 T imaging without a significant difference of sensitivity in a rabbit VX2 model. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:134–141. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Statistical evaluation of triacylglycerol composition by HPLC/APCI‐MS
Authors: Holčapek Michal , Lísa Miroslav 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe statistical evaluation of triacylglycerol profiles in plant oils based on HPLC/MS analysis permits differentiation based on the multidimensional data matrix. The data set of 93 oils from 60 plants composed from 355 triacylglycerols is evaluated using the principal component analysis (PCA). Similarities among some plant oils are visualized by the formation of clusters in the PCA plot. The authentication of plant oils is tested with model samples of olive oil adulterated with sunflower oil at different concentration levels. Our HPLC/MS method using the statistical multivariate data analysis of large data matrix enables a clear identification of adulterated olive oils from 1% of added sunflower oil as an adulterant.
Asymptotic treatment of perforated domains without homogenization
Authors: Maz'ya V. , Movchan A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAs a main result of the paper, we construct and justify an asymptotic approximation of Green's function in a domain with many small inclusions. Periodicity ofthe array ofinclusions is not required. We start with an analysis of the Dirichlet problem for the Laplacian in such a domain to illustrate a method of mesoscale asymptotic approximations for solutions of boundary value problems in multiply perforated domains. The asymptotic formula obtained involves a linear combination of solutions to certain model problems whose coefficients satisfy a linear algebraic system. The solvability of this system is proved under weak geometrical assumptions, and both uniform and energy estimates for the remainder term are derived.In the second part of the paper, the method is applied to derive an asymptotic representation of the Green's function in the same perforated domain. The important feature is the uniformity of the remainder estimate with respect to the independent variables (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Compactness of Schrödinger semigroups
Authors: Lenz Daniel , Stollmann Peter , Wingert Daniel 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper is concerned with emptyness of the essential spectrum, or equivalently compactness of the semigroup, for perturbations of self‐adjoint operators that are bounded below (on an L2‐space).For perturbations by a (nonnegative) potential we obtain a simple criterion for compactness of the semigroup in terms of relative compactness of the operators of multiplication with characteristic functions of sublevel sets. In the context of Dirichlet forms, we can even characterize compactness of the semigroup for measure perturbations. Here, certain ‘averages’ of the measure outside of compact sets play a role.As an application we obtain compactness of semigroups for Schrödinger operators with potentials whose sublevel sets are thin at infinity (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Sequential Polymer Precipitation of Core–Shell Microstructured Composites with Giant Permittivity
Authors: Dai Tingyang , Chen Kai , Qing Xutang , Lu Yun , Zhu Jinsong , Gao Feng 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPolymeric core–shell microstructures have been constructed through a new method, namely sequential precipitation, which is intrinsically a self‐assembly and phase separation process. High‐quality poly(vinyldene fluoride)–polycarbonate–lithium perchlorate composite films with spherical core–shell microstructures have been prepared and determined to consist of conducting cores and insulating shells. Because of the percolation effect, the resulting materials present a dielectric constant as high as 104–107 at the threshold.magnified image
Stat3 is required for anchorage‐independent growth and metastasis but not for mammary tumor development downstream of the ErbB‐2 oncogene
Authors: Barbieri Isaia , Quaglino Elena , Maritano Diego , Pannellini Tania , Riera Ludovica , Cavallo Federica , Forni Guido , Musiani Piero , Chiarle Roberto , Poli Valeria 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe oncogenic transcription factor Stat3 is constitutively active in a high percentage of human tumors including mammary adenocarcinomas and is reported to participate in the ErbB‐2 oncogene signaling. In order to assess the role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in mammary tumorigenesis downstream of ErbB‐2, we generated mice expressing the activated rat ErbB‐2 (neu) but lacking Stat3 in the mammary epithelium. Stat3 is apparently not required for neu‐driven mammary tumorigenesis as tumors developed similarly in both Stat3‐sufficient and Stat3‐deficient glands. However, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)‐mediated Stat3 silencing in a neu‐overexpressing tumor‐derived cell line completely abolished both neu‐driven anchorage‐independent growth and lung metastasis. Our data suggest that Stat3 might be a useful therapeutic target in breast tumors showing amplification and/or overexpression of the ErbB‐2 oncogene, which normally display aggressive, metastatic behavior. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Association between activation of atypical NF‐κB1 p105 signaling pathway and nuclear β‐catenin accumulation in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Lauscher Johannes C. , Gröne Jörn , Dullat Sonja , Hotz Birgit , Ritz Jörg‐P. , Steinhoff Ulrich , Buhr Heinz‐J. , Visekruna Alexander 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRecent studies have demonstrated that increased expression of coding region determinant‐binding protein (CRD‐BP) in response to β‐catenin signaling leads to the stabilization of β‐TrCP1, a substrate‐specific component of SCF E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, resulting in an accelerated degradation of IκBα and activation of canonical nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) pathway. Here, we show that the noncanonical NF‐κB1 p105 pathway is constitutively activated in colorectal carcinoma specimens, being particularly associated with β‐catenin‐mediated increased expression of CRD‐BP and β‐TrCP1. In the carcinoma tissues exhibiting high levels of nuclear β‐catenin the phospho‐p105 levels were increased and total p105 amounts were decreased in comparison to that of normal tissue indicating an activation of this NF‐κB pathway. Knockdown of CRD‐BP in colorectal cancer cell line SW620 resulted in significantly higher basal levels of both NF‐κB inhibitory proteins, p105 and IκBα. Furthermore decreased NF‐κB binding activity was observed in CRD‐BP siRNA‐transfected SW620 cells as compared with those transfected with control siRNA. Altogether, our findings suggest that activation of NF‐κB1 p105 signaling in colorectal carcinoma might be attributed to β‐catenin‐mediated induction of CRD‐BP and β‐TrCP1. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Curcumin and its analogues: Potential anticancer agents
Authors: Agrawal Dinesh Kumar , Mishra Pushpesh Kumar 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis review chronicles the exploration of the curcumin in terms of development of analogues for the anticancer activity over the last century. Curcumin is a natural phytochemical obtained from dried root and rhizome of Turmeric (Curcuma Longa). It has been shown to interfere with multiple cell signaling pathways, including apoptosis (activation of caspases and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene products), proliferation (HER‐2, EGFR, and AP‐1), angiogenesis (VEGF), and inflammation (NF‐κB, TNF, IL‐6, IL‐1, COX‐2, and 5‐LOX). In the last decade it has been much explored and various synthetic analogues have been prepared and evaluated for various pharmacological activities. Most of the analogues have shown very good anticancer activity in various models and various cell lines. However, some analogues have also shown antioxidant, anti‐HIV, antimutagenic, antiangiogenic, antimalarial, antitubercular, antiandrogenic, COX inhibitory activities. Few analogues have shown very potent results and may be considered as clinical candidates for the development of future anticancer agent. This review contains 728 curcumin analogues and covers the literature from 1815 to mid 2009 and 93 references are cited. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 5, 818–860, 2010
Retracted: Tetraoxanes: Synthetic and medicinal chemistry perspective
Authors: Kumar Nitin , Singh Ram , Rawat Diwan S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe following article from Medicinal Research Reviews, Tetraoxanes: Synthetic and medicinal chemistry perspective by Nitin Kumar, Ram Singh, Diwan S. Rawat, published online on 21 December 2009 in Wiley Online Library (http://www.wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor in Chief, Binghe Wang and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. The retraction has been agreed due to inappropriate citation of previously published work.
Design, evaluation and structure—Activity relationship studies of the AChE reactivators against organophosphorus pesticides
Authors: Musilek Kamil , Dolezal Martin , Gunn‐Moore Frank , Kuca Kamil 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOrganophosphate pesticides (OPPs; e.g. chlorpyrifos, diazinon, paraoxon) are a wide and heterogeneous group of organophosphorus compounds. Their biological activity of inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) ranks them as life endangering agents. The necessary treatment after OPP exposure involves the use of parasympatolytics (e.g. atropine), oxime reactivators (e.g. obidoxime), and anticonvulsive drugs (e.g. diazepam). Therefore, the reactivators of AChE are essential compounds in the treatment of OPP intoxications. Commercial AChE reactivators (e.g. pralidoxime, HI‐6, obidoxime, trimedoxime, methoxime) were originally developed for other members of the organophosphate family, such as nerve agents (e.g. sarin, soman, tabun, VX). Pralidoxime, HI‐6, and methoxime were found to be weak reactivators of OPP‐inhibited AChE. Obidoxime and trimedoxime showed satisfactory reactivation against various OPPs with minor toxicity issues. During the last two decades, the treatment of OPP exposure has become more widely discussed because of growing agricultural production, industrialization, and harmful social issues (e.g. suicides). In this review is the summarized design, evaluation, and structure–activity relationship studies of recently produced AChE reactivators. Since pralidoxime, over 300 oximes have been produced or tested against OPP poisoning, and several novel compounds show very promising abilities as comparable (or higher) to commercial oximes. Some of these are highlighted for their further testing of OPP exposure and, additionally, the main structure–activity relationship of AChE reactivators against OPP is discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 31, No. 4, 548–575, 2011
Screening for depression and anxiety: correlates of non‐response and cohort attrition in the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA)
Authors: Van Der Veen Willem Jan , Van Der Meer Klaas , Penninx Brenda W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA major problem in the analysis of attrition of cohorts in studies on mental health problems is that data on those who do not participate at the outset of a study are largely unavailable. It is not known how underlying psychopathology affects the first stages of screening where non‐response and selectivity are usually highest. This article presents results of one of the centres of the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA), a longitudinal study aimed at describing the long‐term course and consequences of depression and anxiety disorders. The aim is to describe the different ways of attrition during the first NESDA‐wave in a cohort of patients aged 18–65 years of the Registration Network Groningen and to analyse whether attrition is related to gender, age and psychopathology as recorded in general practice. The attrition of the study cohort (n = 8475) was highest during the first stages, eventually leading to a population of 169 patients only who participated in the full NESDA‐programme. Probabilities of transition from one stage of the screening process to the next were regressed on selected background variables using binary logistic regression. Correlates of participation were being female and being older (>40). Psychopathology was an important variable in the formation of the initial sample cohort, but only had a weak influence on patient response to the screening questionnaire. Study design factors had a stronger impact on the changing composition of the cohort at each screening stage compared to patient factors. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Theoretical analyses of nonaqueous phase liquid dissolution‐induced instability in two‐dimensional fluid‐saturated porous media
Authors: Zhao Chongbin , Hobbs B. E. , Ord A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with the theoretical aspects of nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL)‐dissolution‐induced instability in two‐dimensional fluid‐saturated porous media including solute dispersion effects.After some weaknesses associated with the previous work are analyzed and overcome, a comprehensive dimensionless number, known as the Zhao number, is proposed to represent the main driving force and three controlling mechanisms of an NAPL‐dissolution system that has a finite domain. The linear stability analysis is carried out to derive the critical value of the comprehensive dimensionless number of the NAPL‐dissolution system in a limit case as the ratio of the equilibrium concentration to the density of the NAPL approaches zero. As a result, a theoretical criterion that can be used to assess the instability of planar NAPL‐dissolution fronts in two‐dimensional fluid‐saturated porous media of finite domains has been established. Not only can the present theoretical results be used for the theoretical understanding of the effect of solute dispersion on the instability of an NAPL‐dissolution front in the fluid‐saturated porous medium of either a finite domain or an infinite domain, but also they can be used as benchmark solutions for verifying numerical methods employed to simulate detailed morphological evolution processes of NAPL‐dissolution fronts in two‐dimensional fluid‐saturated porous media. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fatigue damage monitoring in carbon fiber reinforced polymers using the acousto‐ultrasonics technique
Authors: Loutas T.H. , Vavouliotis A. , Karapappas P. , Kostopoulos V. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis study focuses on the nondestructive monitoring of damage developed in carbon fiber reinforced polymers during fatigue loading via in situ acousto‐ultrasonics (AU) measurements. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used as modifiers of the epoxy matrix of quasi‐isotropic carbon fiber reinforced laminates and consequently two composite material systems (one with matrix doped with CNTs and one with nondoped matrix) were manufactured and tested. The AU technique is utilized toward the monitoring of damage development, evolution, and accumulation during the fatigue tests. The AU waveforms acquired are processed using conventional (both in time and in frequency domain) as well as innovative wavelet‐based signal processing techniques to extract parameters‐indicators capable of monitoring and quantifying the damage accumulation into the test coupons. Based on the analysis of AU monitored signals, critical descriptors (parameters) were identified that show significant variation and monotonic behavior throughoutthe tests and thus can be proposed as potential candidate parameters for monitoring the damage development in composite materials. POLYM. COMPOS., 31:1409–1417, 2010. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers