bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pd nanoparticles supported on Fe3O4 particles grafted with poly(acrylamide) gel brush for simultaneous electrochemical‐sensing of dopamine and paracetamol
Authors: Güler Muhammet , Zengin Adem 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the present study, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with Pd nanoparticles deposited on poly(acrylamide) gel brush‐grafted magnetic particles (Pd/PAAmGB@Fe3O4) with core‐shell structure was fabricated for simultaneous electrochemical detection of dopamine (DA) and paracetamol (PA). Electrochemical performance of Pd/PAAmGB@Fe3O4/GCE was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The fabricated sensor exhibited voltammetric sensing with a satisfactory linear determination range from 0.4–41 μM for DA and from 0.5–95 μM for PA. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1 μM for DA and 0.17 μM for PA based on signal to noise ratio of 3. The proposed sensor also had excellent reusability and selectivity, good reproducibility and stability, and satisfactory recovery in biomedical examples. It is believed that metal nanoparticles deposited on polymer gel brush composites may offer promising new horizons for sensor growth.
Policy, Politics, and Impact
Authors: Gilbert Susan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe work of bioethicists often involves identifying an ethical problem in health or medicine and proposing a policy to address it. But the path to policy is full of twists and turns, bumps and detours. Effecting policy may be the goal, but it is far from assured. One success story is discussed here. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services issued a ruling in April 2024 that requires all teaching hospitals in the country to get written consent from patients before they undergo intimate medical exams. The ruling was informed by an essay in the Hastings Center Report two years ago that revealed that millions of U.S. residents have received unconsented intimate exams and that this unethical practice occurs nearly four times as often in Black patients as White patients.
Better Conversations for Better Informed Consent: Talking with Surgical Patients
Authors: Schwarze Margaret L. , Arnold Robert M. , Clapp Justin T. , Kruser Jacqueline M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor more than sixty years, surgeons have used bioethical strategies to promote patient self‐determination, many of these now collectively described as “informed consent.” Yet the core framework—understanding, risks, benefits, and alternatives—fails to support patients in deliberation about treatment. We find that surgeons translate this framework into an overly complicated technical explanation of disease and treatment and an overly simplified narrative that surgery will “fix” the problem. They omit critical information about the goals and downsides of surgery and present untenable options as a matter of patient choice. We propose a novel framework called “better conversations.” Herein, surgeons provide context about clinical norms, establish the goals of surgery, and comprehensively delineate the downsides of surgery to generate a deliberative space for patients to consider whether surgery is right for them. This paradigm shift meets the standards for informed consent, supports deliberation, and allows patients to anticipate and prepare for the experience of treatment.
Anti‐obesity Medications: Ethical, Policy, and Public Health Concerns
Authors: Klitzman Robert , Greenberg Henry 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNew anti‐obesity medications (AOMs) have received widespread acclaim in medical journals and the media, but they also raise critical ethical, public health, and public policy concerns that have largely been ignored. AOMs are very costly, need to be taken by a patient in perpetuity (since significant rebound weight gain otherwise occurs), and threaten to shift resources and focus away from other crucial efforts at obesity treatment and prevention. Many people may feel less motivated to exercise or reduce their caloric consumption, if they assume that obesity is now medically treatable. Policy‐makers may similarly come to feel that the solution to the obesity pandemic is simply to prescribe medications and that prevention efforts are far less necessary. These drugs raise concerns about justice (since AOMs will disproportionately benefit the wealthy), medicalization, and marketing. Policy‐makers, clinicians, and others need to engage in multipronged educational and policy efforts to address these challenges.
Arthroscopy or arthrotomy for native knee septic arthritis: A systematic review
Authors: McKenna Daniel P. , Miller Peggy , McAleese Timothy , Cleary May 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeSeptic arthritis of any joint is an orthopaedic emergency which requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. The knee is the commonest joint afflicted, and the primary objective of any treatment is complete source control. This commonly takes the form of antibiotic therapy and a washout of the infected joint by means of arthroscopy or arthrotomy. The primary aim of this review is to investigate if arthroscopic washout for native knee septic arthritis confers a lower risk of repeat procedure than arthrotomy.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted of the MEDLINE, SCOPUS and the Cochrane Library data bases. The primary outcome of interest was requirement for repeat washout with all‐cause complications, length of inpatient stay and mortality secondary outcomes.ResultsA total of 17,140 subjects were included for analysis of the primary outcome, and the overall rate of repeat procedure was 14.6%. No statistical difference was found between arthroscopy and arthrotomy for repeat washout (risk ratio 0.86 [95% confidence interval, CI: 0.72–1.02], I2 = 36%). Eligible studies found in favour of arthroscopy for all‐cause complication rate (risk ratio 0.75 [95% CI: 0.6–0.93], I2 = 84%) and length of stay in hospital (mean difference −1.98 days [95% CI: −3.43 to −0.53], I2 = 84%). No statistical difference was found for the mortality rate (risk ratio 1.17 [95% CI: 0.52–2.63], I2 = 57%).ConclusionOur analysis found arthroscopy and open arthrotomy to be equivocal for repeat surgical washout in native knee septic arthritis. All‐cause complication rate and length of inpatient stay were favourable for arthroscopy with no difference noted between mortality rates.Level of EvidenceLevel III.
Investigation of long channel bulkMOSFETsthreshold voltage model down to 10mKand key analog parameters at 4 K
Authors: Su Hao , Cai Yiyuan , Lin Yuhuan , Xie Yunfeng , Mai Yongfeng , Zhou Shenghua , Hu Guangchong , He Yu , Zhou Feichi , Liu Xiaoguang , Lin Longyang , Li Yida , Yu Hongyu , Chen Kai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThreshold voltage behavior at cryogenic temperatures is dominated by interface traps. This mechanism leads to different trends of the threshold voltage for NMOS and PMOS toward deep cryogenic temperature. This study investigates threshold voltage (Vth) at cryogenic temperatures down to 10 mK for the first time, based on the recently developed physical charge‐based analytical threshold voltage model. To investigate the impact of devices on circuits at low temperatures, crucial MOSFET and analog design parameters, including transconductance (gm), subthreshold swing (SS), linear region current (Ilin) andgm/IDSrelated parameters are characterized and compared from 300 to 4 K. A Discussion on circuit performance and power consumption has been conducted to provide useful insights for low‐temperature CMOS circuit design.
Effects of short‐term supplementation with DHA‐enriched phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine on lipid profiles in the brain and liver of n‐3 PUFA‐deficient mice in early life after weaning
Authors: Zuo Wei‐Ya , Wen Min , Zhao Ying‐Cai , Li Xiao‐Yue , Xue Chang‐Hu , Yanagita Teruyoshi , Wang Yu‐Ming , Zhang Tian‐Tian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDLack of n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during the period of maternity drastically lowers the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level in the brain of offspring and studies have demonstrated that different molecular forms of DHA are beneficial to brain development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of short‐term supplementation with DHA‐enriched phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) on DHA levels in the liver and brain of congenital n‐3‐deficient mice.RESULTSDietary supplementation with DHA significantly changed the fatty acid composition of various phospholipid molecules in the cerebral cortex and liver while DHA‐enriched phospholipid was more effective than DHA triglyceride (TG) in increasing brain and liver DHA. Both DHA‐PS and DHA‐PC could effectively increase the DHA levels, but DHA in the PS form was superior to PC in the contribution of DHA content in the brain ether‐linked PC (ePC) and liver lyso‐phosphatidylcholine molecular species. DHA‐PC showed more significant effects on the increase of DHA in liver TG, PC, ePC, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and PE plasmalogen (pPE) molecular species and decreasing the arachidonic acid level in liver PC plasmalogen, ePC, PE and pPE molecular species compared with DHA‐PS.CONCLUSIONThe effect of dietary interventions with different molecular forms of DHA for brain and liver lipid profiles is different, which may provide theoretical guidance for dietary supplementation of DHA for people. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Low‐density cultured cartilage cells expanded in platelet lysate present distinct features to develop an innovative clinical treatment for diffuse cartilage lesions
Authors: Colombini Alessandra , Lopa Silvia , Libonati Francesca , Talò Giuseppe , Mareschi Katia , Marini Elena , Mangiavini Laura , Raffo Vincenzo , Moretti Matteo , de Girolamo Laura 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeChondrocyte‐based cell therapies are effective for the treatment of chondral lesions, but remain poorly indicated for diffuse lesions in the context of early osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to develop a protocol to obtain chondroprogenitor cells suitable for the treatment of diffuse chondral lesions within early OA.MethodsCartilage cells were expanded at low density in human platelet lysate (hPL). A test was performed to exclude senescence. The expression of surface cluster of differentiation 146, cluster of differentiation 166, major histocompatibility complex (MHC)‐I and MHC‐II and of genes of interest were evaluated, as well as the trophic potential of these cells, by the assessment of lubricin and matrix production. The immunomodulatory potential was assessed through their co‐culture with macrophages.ResultsCartilage cells expanded at low density in hPL showed higher proliferation rate than standard‐density cells, no replicative senescence, low immunogenicity and expression of lubricin. Moreover, they presented an increased expression of chondrogenic and antihypertrophic markers, as well as a superior matrix deposition if compared to cells cultured at standard density. Cartilage cells induced on macrophages an upregulation of CD206, although a higher increase of CD163 expression was observed in the presence of low‐density cells.ConclusionsThese findings lay the grounds to explore the clinical usefulness of low‐density cultured cartilage cells to treat diffuse lesions in early OA joints for both autologous and allogenic use.Level of EvidenceNot applicable.
Regulating Bacterial Culture through Tailored Silk Inverse Opal Scaffolds
Authors: Qi Bei , Li Yitan , Zhao Junyan , Zhang Jiapeng , Zhang Xiaohua , Chen Gaojian , Yang Zhaohui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractControlling the growth of microbial consortia is of great significance in the biomedical field. Selective bacterial growth is achieved by fabricating silk inverse opal (SIO) scaffolds with varying pore sizes ranging from 0.3 to 4.5 µm. Pore size significantly influences the growth dynamics of bacteria in both single and mixed‐strain cultures. Specially, the SIO‐4.5 µm scaffold is observed to be more favorable for cultivating S. aureus, whereas the SIO‐0.3 µm scaffold is more suitable for cultivating E. coli and P. aeruginosa. By adjusting the secondary conformation of silk fibroin, the stiffness of the SIO substrate will be altered, which results in the increase of bacteria on the SIO by 16 times compared with that on the silk fibroin film. Manipulating the pore size allows for the adjustment of the S. aureus to P. aeruginosa ratio from 0.8 to 9.3, highlighting the potential of this approach in regulating bacterial culture.
Exploring the relationship between chatbots, service failure recovery and customer loyalty: A frustration–aggression perspective
Authors: Ozuem Wilson , Ranfagni Silvia , Willis Michelle , Salvietti Giada , Howell Kerry 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn increasing number of companies are introducing chatbot‐led contexts in service failure recovery. Existing studies are inconclusive on whether humanlike chatbot‐driven service failure recovery enhances customer loyalty. Grounding our work in phenomenological hermeneutics and utilizing frustration–aggression theory, we concentrate on the historical circumstance and the participatory nature of understanding customers' chatbot‐driven interactions and loyalty. We conducted 47 in‐depth interviews with millennials from four countries (United States, France, Italy, and the United Kingdom). By analyzing interview data through thematic analysis, our study offers two significant contributions. First, through thematic analysis, we define the dynamics occurring between customers and chatbots in a service recovery journey, such as customers' priorities and expectations. Second, we present a chatbot‐led service failure recovery typology framework that identifies four types of customers based on their interactions with a chatbot and their emotions, specifically frustration and aggression, and the effects of the interactions on their brand loyalty and intention to use chatbots. The identification of four customer types can help managers shape strategies to effectively turn negative customer experiences into opportunities to strengthen their loyalty, such as making more than one touchpoint available (human and chatbot). Our study shows that customers' emotions, specifically frustration and aggression, affect not only customer loyalty but also technology adoption. The concluding section suggests future avenues for research in the service recovery literature.
A Computational Strategy for the Rapid Identification and Ranking of Patient‐Specific T Cell Receptors Bound to Neoantigens
Authors: Rollins Zachary A. , Curtis Matthew B. , George Steven C. , Faller Roland 
Published: June 2024

AbstractT cell receptor (TCR) recognition of a peptide–major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) is crucial for adaptive immune response. The identification of therapeutically relevant TCR‐pMHC protein pairs is a bottleneck in the implementation of TCR‐based immunotherapies. The ability to computationally design TCRs to target a specific pMHC requires automated integration of next‐generation sequencing, protein–protein structure prediction, molecular dynamics, and TCR ranking. A pipeline to evaluate patient‐specific, sequence‐based TCRs to a target pMHC is presented. Using the three most frequently expressed TCRs from 16 colorectal cancer patients, the protein–protein structure of the TCRs to the target CEA peptide–MHC is predicted using Modeller and ColabFold. TCR‐pMHC structures are compared using automated equilibration and successive analysis. ColabFold generated configurations require an ≈2.5× reduction in equilibration time of TCR‐pMHC structures compared to Modeller. The structural differences between Modeller and ColabFold are demonstrated by root mean square deviation (≈0.20 nm) between clusters of equilibrated configurations, which impact the number of hydrogen bonds and Lennard‐Jones contacts between the TCR and pMHC. TCR ranking criteria that may prioritize TCRs for evaluation of in vitro immunogenicity are identified, and this ranking is validated by comparing to state‐of‐the‐art machine learning‐based methods trained to predict the probability of TCR‐pMHC binding.
Effects of brief dialectical behavior therapy skills training on Malay‐speaking school teachers: A controlled study
Authors: Keng Shian‐Ling , Pang Nicholas Tze Ping , Tanin Clarissa , Cheng Yee Hsuen , Wong Andrea , Hadi Noor Melissa Binti Nor 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSchool teachers are susceptible to mental health issues due to the challenging responsibilities the teaching profession entails. While several interventions have demonstrated effectiveness in improving teachers' social emotional competencies and mental health outcomes, little work has examined the potential of dialectical behavior therapy–skills training (DBT‐ST) in improving teacher outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effects of a five‐session, Malay‐translated DBT‐ST on psychological symptoms (anxiety, depression, stress, burnout), social‐emotional competencies, DBT skills use, and dysfunctional coping in a sample of school teachers in East Malaysia. Fifty‐three participants were recruited and assigned into DBT‐ST or a control group, consisting of attending a mental health talk. Analyses showed that DBT‐ST participants reported greater decreases in student‐related burnout and dysfunctional coping, and greater increases in DBT skills use compared to the control group from pre‐ to post‐intervention. There were no between‐condition differences on changes in other mental health outcomes, though session attendance was linked positively to improvements in several outcomes in the DBT‐ST condition. Analyses of post‐intervention feedback indicated that brief DBT‐ST was deemed acceptable and feasible among the research participants. In conclusion, DBT‐ST holds promise as an intervention to lower student‐related burnout and facilitate adaptive coping among school teachers.
Scoping literature review of well‐being of students at school: Implications for designing evidence‐based interventions
Authors: Alexandra Strukova 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper reviews the literature to clarify the image of a student with a high level of well‐being (WB) for a future systematic literature review and evidence‐based interventions to promote student WB. It presents a holistic approach to the analysis of definitions, operationalisation and indicators with interpretative phenomenological analyses (IPA). The main question of the paper is what image of student WB can be constructed from the components and indicators of WB that have been highlighted in the literature. Overall, 50 publications were coded before the subjectively evaluated saturation was reached and 641 mentions of the different components of WB were coded that were distributed among seven categories: ‘individual psychological indicators’ (319 units), ‘social contacts, relationships’ (136 units), ‘health’ (78 units), ‘school life’ (63 units), ‘standard of living’ (26 units), ‘spirituality, moral competence, values’ (12 units) and ‘general mentions’ of WB (7 units). It is argued that individual psychological state, quality of relationships, health, school‐related features, objective indicators, and moral and spiritual aspects are features of students with a high level of WB. The implications for further research, practical usage and the limitations of the study are offered in the Discussion section.Context and implicationsRationale for this studyDeveloping high levels of student WB is an important aim of schools, but for it to be something more than just a declaration, some measures should be taken. To be effective, such measures should be based on scientific knowledge. This paper reviews the literature for future practical application.Why the new findings matterThe research field of WB is diverse. Mostly, for evidence‐based measures, one specific approach to WB is used. This paper argues that it is important to look holistically at all theories of WB as they present different facets of one holistic construct.Implications for practitioners and policy makersThis paper will be useful for practitioners and policy makers as it provides both a scientific section where data, methods and results are presented, and an interpretation of the information for practical usage. It provides a wide range of data and covers several theories of WB and the operationalisation of WB and shows from which indexes these theories and operationalisations originate and why.
Advances in 4D printing of biodegradable photopolymers
Authors: Ma Yue , Shih Chih‐Jen , Bao Yinyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOver the past decade, 4D printing has revolutionized the field of advanced manufacturing by fabricating structures that dynamically respond to environmental stimuli. During this process, shape‐memory polymers (SMPs) stand out, enabling transformations triggered by temperature, light, or other environmental factors, and show great potential for applications in biomedicine and beyond. Notably, biodegradable SMPs offer a compelling advantage in medical devices due to their ability to adapt within the body's temperature range and to be absorbed by tissues, reducing the risks associated with permanent implants. While extrusion techniques have laid the groundwork for 4D printing in biomedicine, vat photopolymerization methods like stereolithography and digital light processing are now at the forefront, favored for their high printing resolution and flexibility in material design. However, the search for suitable biodegradable materials for these advanced techniques continues, with current research focusing on developing systems that meet both the mechanical demands and degradation profiles required for medical applications. This review aims to critically analyze the advancements in biodegradable 4D photopolymers, particularly biodegradable elastomers, and discuss the challenges that lie ahead for their clinical translation.
Non-universal Milan factors for QCD jets
Authors: Hounat Farid 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Using the dispersive method we perform a two-loop analysis of the leading non-perturbative power correction to the change in jet transverse momentum pT, in the small R limit of a Cambridge-Aachen jet clustering algorithm. We frame the calculation in such a way so as to maintain connection with the universal “Milan factor” that corrects for the naive inclusive treatment of the leading hadronization corrections. We derive an enhancement factor that differs from the universal Milan factor computed for event-shape variables as well as the corresponding enhancement factor previously derived for the kt algorithm. Our calculation directly exploits the soft and triple-collinear limit of the QCD matrix element and phase space, which is relevant for capturing the coefficient of the leading 1/R power correction. As an additional check on our approach, we also independently confirm the known result for the kt algorithm.
Unruh-De Witt detectors, Bell-CHSH inequality and Tomita-Takesaki theory
Authors: Guedes F. M. , Guimaraes M. S. , Roditi I. , Sorella S. P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The interaction between Unruh-De Witt spin 1/2 detectors and a real scalar field is scrutinized by making use of the Tomita-Takesaki modular theory as applied to the Von Neumann algebra of the Weyl operators. The use of the modular theory enables to evaluate in an exact way the trace over the quantum field degrees of freedom. The resulting density matrix is employed to the study of the Bell-CHSH correlator. It turns out that, as a consequence of the interaction with the quantum field, the violation of the Bell-CHSH inequality exhibits a decreasing as compared to the case in which the scalar field is absent.