bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjustment of the atmospheric circulation to tropical Pacific SST anomalies: Variability of transient eddy propagation in the Pacific–North America sector
Authors: Seager R. , Naik N. , Ting M. , Cane M. A. , Harnik N. , Kushnir Y. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEl Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) related precipitation anomalies in North America are related to changes in the paths of storm systems across the Pacific Ocean, with a more southern route into southwestern North America during El Niños and a more northern route into the Pacific Northwest during La Niñas. Daily reanalysis data are analyzed to confirm these changes. Seasonal mean upper tropospheric eddy statistics show, for El Niños (La Niñas), a pattern that is shifted southward (northward) compared with climatology. Paths of coherent phase propagation of transient eddies and of the propagation of wave packets are analyzed. A coherent path of propagation across the Pacific towards North America is identified that is more zonal during El Niño winters and, during La Niñas, has a dominant path heading northeastward to the Pacific Northwest. A second path heading southeastward from the central Pacific to the tropical east Pacific is more accentuated during La Niñas than El Niños. These changes in wave propagation are reproduced in an ensemble of seasonal integrations of a general circulation model forced by a tropical Pacific sea‐surface temperature pattern, confirming that the changes are forced by changes in the mean atmospheric state arising from changes in tropical sea‐surface temperature. A simplified model with a specified basic state is used to model the storm tracks for El Niño and La Niña winters. The results suggest that the changes in transient eddy propagation and the eddy statistics can be understood in terms of the refraction of transient eddies within different basic states. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Theoretical study on the mechanism of the DNA repair protein Fpg
Authors: Zheng Jun‐Hua , Tan Hong‐Wei , Chen Guang‐Ju 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this article, theoretical and calculational study at the DFT and ONIOM level are carried out on the Fpg glycosylase catalytic mechanism, to answer some mechanistic questions unclear yet. Representative SN2 mechanism has been confirmed for all the models. The value 21.35 kcal/mol of the intrinsic activation barrier computed by the ONIOM (BP86/6‐311G**:AM1) approach agrees quite well with the experimental result of 20.66 kcal/mol. It has been found out that the electrostatic interaction between the positively charged Arg222 residue and the electronegative oxoG base is the most important influence on the excision process. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
Spectroscopic investigations on BH+(X2Σ+) ion using MRCI method and correlation‐consistent sextuple basis set augmented with diffuse functions
Authors: Shi De‐Heng , Liu Hui , Zhang Jin‐Ping , Sun Jin‐Feng , Liu Yu‐Fang , Zhu Zun‐Lue 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe highly accurate valence internally contracted multireference configuration interaction (MRCI) approach in combination with a series of correlation‐consistent basis sets, cc‐pVnZ and aug‐cc‐pVnZ (n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), in the valence range is employed to investigate the equilibrium internuclear separations, harmonic frequencies and potential energy curves (PECs) of the BH+(X2Σ+) ion. The PECs are all fitted to the Murrell–Sorbie function, which are used to reproduce the spectroscopic parameters, such as De, ωeχe, αe, Be, and D0. By comparison with the available experiments, The PEC, which is determined at the sextuple basis set augmented with diffuse functions, aug‐cc‐pV6Z, is found to most suitably determine the spectroscopic properties of the ground‐state BH+ ion. The D0, De, Re, ωe, ωeχe, αe, and Be at this basis set are of 1.9823 eV, 2.1364 eV, 0.12041 nm, 2520.81 cm−1, 61.80 cm−1, 0.4824 cm−1, and 12.5932 cm−1, respectively, which are in excellent agreement with the available measurements. With the interaction potential determined at the MRCI/aug‐cc‐pV6Z level of theory, by numerically solving the radial Schrödinger equation of nuclear motion using the Numerov method, the total of 16 vibrational states is predicted when the rotational quantum number J is equal to zero (J = 0). The complete vibrational levels, classical turning points, inertial rotation and centrifugal distortion constants are determined when J = 0 for the first time, which agree well with the available experiments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011
DVB‐RCS goes mobile: Challenges and technical solutions
Authors: Bolea Alamanac Ana , Chan Pauline ML , Duquerroy Laurence , Hu Y. Fun , Gallinaro Gennaro , Guo Wei , Mignolo Domenico 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis article presents an overview of the DVB‐RCS system addressing mobile scenarios (DVB‐RCS+M). It analyses the challenges linked to the mobility support and it summarizes some of the techniques to cope with those challenges. The focus of this article will be on the technical solutions analyzed within the framework of ESA studies and contracts. In particular, this article will address in detail the proactive retransmission technique and the seamless handover mechanisms including beam, satellite, gateway and gap‐filler handovers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A copula‐based mixed Poisson model for bivariate recurrent events under event‐dependent censoring
Authors: Cook Richard J. , Lawless Jerald F. , Lee Ker‐Ai 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn many chronic disease processes subjects are at risk of two or more types of events. We describe a bivariate mixed Poisson model in which a copula function is used to model the association between two gamma distributed random effects. The resulting model is a bivariate negative binomial process in which each type of event arises from a negative binomial process. Methods for parameter estimation are described for parametric and semiparametric models based on an EM algorithm. We also consider the issue of event‐dependent censoring based on one type of event, which arises when one event is sufficiently serious that its occurence may influence the decision of whether to withdraw a patient from a study. The asymptotic biases of estimators of rate and mean functions from naive marginal analyses are discussed, as well as associated treatment effects. Because the joint model is fit based on a likelihood, consistent estimates are obtained. Simulation studies are carried out to evaluate the empirical performance of the proposed estimators with independent and event‐dependent censoring and applications to a trial of breast cancer patients with skeletal metastases and a study of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease illustrate the approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On form dictating function: shape and structural effects in silica‐based funtional materials
Authors: Pagliaro Mario , Ciriminna Rosaria , Palmisano Giovanni 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAlong with basic physicochemical properties, the morphology of sol‐gel materials, both on the macro‐, meso‐, and nanoscale, controls function and utility. Referring to recent achievements, we focus on the relation between form and activity for functional silica‐based materials to elucidate a few general concepts of usefulness in guiding research in this burgeoning field. © 2010 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 10: 000–000; 2010: Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI 10.1002/tcr.200900023
Teacher use of evidence to customize inquiry science instruction
Authors: Gerard Libby F. , Spitulnik Michele , Linn Marcia C. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis study investigated how professional development featuring evidence‐based customization of technology‐enhanced curriculum projects can improve inquiry science teaching and student knowledge integration in earth science. Participants included three middle school sixth‐grade teachers and their classes of students (N = 787) for three consecutive years. Teachers used evidence from their student work to revise the curriculum projects and rethink their teaching strategies. Data were collected through teacher interviews, written reflections, classroom observations, curriculum artifacts, and student assessments. Results suggest that the detailed information about the learning activities of students provided by the assessments embedded in the online curriculum motivated curricular and pedagogical customizations that resulted in both teacher and student learning. Customizations initiated by teachers included revisions of embedded questions, additions of hands‐on investigations, and modifications of teaching strategies. Student performance improved across the three cohorts of students with each year of instructional customization. Coupling evidence from student work with revisions of curriculum and instruction has promise for strengthening professional development and improving science learning. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 1037–1063, 2010
Ressourcen‐ und Kosteneffizienz von Niederdruckplasmaprozessen
Authors: Oehr Christian 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBei der Entscheidung für den Einsatz neuer Verfahren zur Oberflächenbehandlung sind zwei Aspekte von entscheidender Bedeutung. Der erste betrifft die zu erwartenden Kosten pro Bauteil. Um einen Überblick zu geben, sind im Folgenden einige beispielhafte Anwendungen bei Anlagenbauern und Lohnbeschichtern erfragt worden, auf deren Basis sich ein vernünftiges Konzept für Plasmabehandlungen unter Berücksichtigung der Kostensituation ergibt.Der zweite Aspekt betrifft die Ressourceneffizienz, das heißt, wie viel Material und Energie wird benötigt, um die gewünschten Oberflächeneigenschaften zu realisieren. Dieser Aspekt wird in Zukunft weiter an Bedeutung gewinnen. Zu beiden Aspekten möchte der vorliegende Artikel einen Beitrag leisten.
Media(ted)discourses and climate change: a focus on political subjectivity and (dis)engagement
Authors: Carvalho Anabela 
Published: February 2010

AbstractResearch has shown that the media are the main source of information and the main factor shaping people's awareness and concern in relation to climate change and therefore have an important role in setting the public agenda. As a key forum for the production, reproduction, and transformation of the meaning of public issues, the media influence understandings of risks, responsibilities, as well as the functioning of democratic politics. This article argues that the media also matter to citizens' perception of their (potential) political agency or their political subjectivity. Media representations construct particular ‘subject positions’ for individuals and cultivate dispositions to action or inaction. The article discusses the importance of citizens' political engagement with climate change and points out some aspects of media(ted) discourses that may constrain the perceived possibilities of participation in the politics of climate change. While engagement with climate change has multiple dimensions and a number of barriers have been identified through empirical studies, this article offers a critique of the role of the media in political engagement with the problem and suggests avenues for future research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:Perceptions, Behavior, and Communication of Climate Change > Social Amplification/Attenuation of Climate Risks
Energy value determinations of industrialized foods: the potential of using X‐ray spectroscopy and partial least squares
Authors: Terra J. , Antunes A. M. , Prado M. A. , Bueno M. I. M. S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis work reports the use of multivariate calibration models to determine energy values (EV) of industrialized dried vegetable products prepared for human consumption. These methods use energy dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectra allied to chemometrics of the respective samples to substitute conventional EV determinations that are subject to several laborious steps. The samples are grouped in accordance with their principal raw material (corn, wheat, soy, milk and cassava). The chemometric tools applied reveal that the X‐ray scattering spectrum region furnishes the main contribution to the calibration models, where the presence of organic compounds is manifested through small variations in X‐ray scattering effects. These results are expected because EV values are based on the organic contents. The EV determination is fast, does not generate residuals and does not involve toxic reagents. The good results of the validation process (deviations < 14%) indicate that this is an alternative to conventional analytical methods and is very attractive for routine analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Indications for Routine Pathologic Examination of Specimens Removed During Trauma Operations
Authors: Gertz Ryan , Salim Ali , Teixeira Pedro , Ley Eric J. , Inaba Kenji , Chandrasoma Para , Anderson Dennis , Margulies Daniel R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundSurgical specimens removed during trauma operations are routinely submitted for examination by pathology. This practice has not been systematically evaluated and the incidence of abnormal results from these examinations remains unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the incidence and management implications of abnormal findings at pathology review of trauma specimens.MethodsThis is a retrospective chart and pathology review of all surgical specimens obtained during laparotomy or thoracotomy for trauma between January 1, 1993 and December 31, 2005. Reports were assessed for significant abnormal findings, including malignancy, infectious processes, and chronic inflammation. Additional clinical and demographic data were obtained. The main outcome measure was any change in management due to the pathology result.ResultsA total of 1686 specimens were obtained from 1307 trauma patients. Ten patients (0.8%) were identified as having clinically significant abnormal findings on pathology. Six findings (0.5%) were evidence of malignancy. The pathology reports did not alter care in any patients. In all instances malignancy was known or highly suspected prior to specimen examination based on other diagnostic modalities or gross examination during surgery. Patients with an abnormal finding were significantly older than the patients with normal pathology reports (70.5 vs. 30.4, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe routine pathology review of specimens obtained during trauma operations did not alter patient care and should not continue. In all instances of abnormal pathology, preoperative imaging or gross intraoperative findings led to increased suspicion of occult disease. The suggestion of abnormalities on imaging or intraoperatively warrants pathologic examination, especially in older patients.
Phosphorus acquisition and competitive abilities of two herbivorous zooplankton, Daphnia pulex and Ceriodaphnia quadrangula
Authors: Iwabuchi Tsubasa , Urabe Jotaro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractContrary to an expectation from the size‐efficiency hypothesis, small herbivore zooplankton such as Ceriodaphnia often competitively predominate against large species such as Daphnia. However, little is known about critical feeding conditions favoring Ceriodaphnia over Daphnia. To elucidate these conditions, a series of growth experiments was performed with various types of foods in terms of phosphorus (P) contents and composition (algae and bacteria). An experiment with P‐rich algae showed that the threshold food level, at which an individual's growth rate equals zero, was not significantly different between the two species. However, the food P:C ratio, at which the growth rate becomes zero, was lower for Daphnia than for Ceriodaphnia, suggesting that the latter species is rather disfavored by P‐poor algae. Ceriodaphnia showed a higher growth rate than Daphnia only when a substantial amount of bacteria was supplied together with a low amount of P‐poor algae as food. These results suggest that an abundance of bacteria relative to algae plays a crucial role in favoring Ceriodaphnia over Daphnia because these are an important food resource for the former species but not for the latter.
Deep and Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Rice Plants Infested by the Beet Armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) and Water Weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus)
Authors: Venu R. C. , Sheshu Madhav M. , Sreerekha M. V. , Nobuta Kan , Zhang Yuan , Carswell Peter , Boehm Michael J. , Meyers Blake C. , Korth Kenneth L. , Wang Guo-Liang 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) and the rice water weevil (Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus) are two important insect pests in rice production. To identify insect-responsive genes in rice, we performed a deep transcriptome analysis of Nipponbare rice leaves infested with both beet armyworm and water weevil using massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS). Many antisense, alternative, and novel transcripts were commonly and specifically induced and suppressed in the infested tissue. Key genes involved in the defense metabolic pathways such as salicylic acid and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathways were up-regulated in the infested leaves. To validate the MPSS results, we analyzed the transcriptome of the rice leaves infested with water weevils using Solexa’s sequencing-by-synthesis (SBS) method. The MPSS and SBS data were highly correlated (Pearson’s correlation coefficient = 0.85), and 83% of genes had similar gene expression in both libraries. Our comprehensive and in-depth survey of the insect-infested libraries provides a rich genomic resource for further analyzing the function of key regulatory genes involved in insect resistance in rice.
Chasing Zero: Our Journey to Preventing Surgical Site Infection
Authors: Roesler Rosemarie , Halowell Christine C. , Elias Georgiana , Peters Julie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAfter an increase in methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections was discovered at a health care facility in Arizona, a multidisciplinary team convened to investigate the underlying problem and work toward eliminating surgical site infections. The team investigated environmental factors, held inservice sessions to reinforce sterile technique, and made important changes to the facility culture in efforts to eliminate surgical site infections. The team's efforts were put into practice on October 30, 2008, and only one surgical site infection was identified in the following seven months.
Developing Critical Thinking in the Perioperative Environment
Authors: Jones Jackie H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCritical thinking is considered an essential skill for nurses by many, including major accrediting agencies, health care administrators, and AORN. This is in part because of the environment in which nurses function. Health care, medicine, technology, and nursing are dynamic and constantly changing. The perioperative environment is complex, fast paced, unique, and oftentimes unpredictable. Critical thinking skills enable perioperative nurses to function effectively and evolve in this ever‐changing environment. Nursing education programs are mandated to teach critical thinking skills. It is the practice arena, however, that refines, hones, and grows these skills. This article provides an overview of critical thinking in the context of nursing, as well as strategies and interventions designed to teach critical thinking skills.
Characteristics of HPV prevalence among women in Liaoning province, China
Authors: Sun Zheng‐Rong , Ji Yao‐Hua , Zhou Wei‐Qiang , Zhang Shu‐Lan , Jiang Wei‐Guo , Ruan Qiang 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence rates of specific human papillomavirus (HPV) types infecting women in Liaoning Province, China.MethodsSpecimens from 4780 patients with cervical disease and 165 age‐matched controls were tested for HPV genotypes using a chip hybridization assay.ResultsThe infection rates were 35.66% for patients with cervicitis, 54.61% for those with ASCUS, 64.14% for those with CIN, 83.76% for those with cervical cancer in situ, and 83.12% for those with invasive cervical cancer. The most common HPV genotype was HPV‐16, followed by HPV‐58, HPV‐52, HPV‐33, HPV‐53, and HPV‐31. There were 1529 single and 731 multiple infections among the 4780 patients. Single infections with high‐risk genotypes were associated with various cervical diseases. HPV‐16 was present in 399 of the patients with multiple infections.ConclusionCompared with prevalence rates for other populations, the rates of specific HPV types infecting women are different in Liaoning Province of China.
The issue of reinfibulation
Authors: Serour Gamal I. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractReinfibulation is resuturing after delivery or gynecological procedures of the incised scar tissue resulting from infibulation. Despite the global fight against female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), reinfibulation of previously mutilated or circumcised women is still performed in various countries around the world. A good estimate of the prevalence of reinfibulation is difficult to obtain, but it can be inferred that 6.5–10.4 million women are likely to have been reinfibulated worldwide. Women who undergo reinfibulation have little influence on the decision‐making and are usually persuaded by the midwife or birth attendant to undergo the procedure immediately following labor or gynecological operation. Although medicalization of reinfibulation may reduce its immediate risks, it has no effect on the incidence of long‐term risks. Reinfibulation is performed mainly for the financial benefit of the operator, and cultural values that have been perpetuated for generations. Reinfibulation has no benefits and is associated with complications for the woman and the unborn child. Its medicalization violates the medical code of ethics and should be abandoned. International and national efforts should be combined to eradicate this practice.
From Oblivion to Apotheosis: The Ironic Journey of Alexis de Tocqueville
Authors: MANCINI MATTHEW J. 
Published: February 2010

Scholarship on the theme of Alexis de Tocqueville's changing roles in American culture constitutes a remarkably coherent discourse with distinctive conventions, structures, metaphors, and plots. Especially pronounced in the literature is a constantly repeated narrative – really a myth – that portrays Tocqueville as a vanished hero who suffered a prolonged period of oblivion and then made a celebrated return to play the role of guide to Americans as they faced the perils of the postwar world. Because of the lack of empirical support for this narrative, scholars inadvertently find themselves violating or disregarding elementary rules of evidence and logical argument when they address it. The extraordinary stability and coherence of this discourse are its most notable features: they have persisted, with no oppositional counternarrative, decade after decade for the past forty years. But all discourses have cracks and fissures. This essay reveals the ubiquity as well as the banality of the standard tragic-heroic narrative, and it provides a taxonomy of Tocqueville metaphors – Tocqueville as Orpheus, as Proteus, and as Christ. The supposed facts of Tocqueville's reception (with which these metaphoric clusters are identical) are false. There was no departure, oblivion, or triumphant return of Tocqueville. The mythic discourse advanced an account that had no support in the historical record.