bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved Ejaculatory Latency, Control and Sexual Satisfaction When PSD502 is Applied Topically in Men with Premature Ejaculation: Results of a Phase III, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Authors: Carson Culley , Wyllie Michael 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
PSD502 is a novel aerosolized, lidocaine-prilocaine, spray being developed for the treatment of lifelong premature ejaculation. The clinical profile of PSD502 is described in one of two double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III studies.

Aim
To determine the effect of PSD502 on the Index of Premature Ejaculation (IPE) and intravaginal ejaculatory latency (IELT) of men with lifelong PE.

Methods
Men with lifelong PE who documented an IELT ≤ 1 minute with two or more of the first three sexual encounters during a 4-week baseline period were randomized to receive double-blind treatment with PSD502 or placebo for 3 months. Patients completed IPE and Premature Ejaculation Profile questionnaires at entry and monthly visits, and recorded stop-watch timed IELT during each encounter. Safety was assessed by collecting adverse event data and standard safety measures.

Main Outcome Measures
Stopwatch timed IELT recordings and a patient-reported outcome questionnaire the IPE were used in this study to determine the effect of PSD502 applied topically 5 minutes before intercourse.

Results
Two hundred fifty-six men with PE were randomized from 38 centers in the U.S., Canada, and Poland. The geometric mean IELT over the 3-month treatment period increased from a baseline of 0.56 minute and 0.53 minute in the PSD502 and placebo group respectively to 2.60 and 0.80 minute. There were significantly greater increases in the scores for the IPE domains of ejaculatory control, sexual satisfaction and distress in the PSD502 group than in the placebo group, with a mean 5.0 point difference between treatments in change from baseline in the IPE domain for ejaculatory control, 4.6 point difference in change from baseline in the IPE domain for sexual satisfaction, and a 2.5 point difference in change from baseline in the IPE domain for distress. This was supported by improvements in all secondary endpoints.

Conclusion
In this study, PSD502 applied topically to the glans penis 5 minutes before intercourse showed significantly improved ejaculatory latency, ejaculatory control, sexual satisfaction and distress and was shown to be well tolerated by patients and partners.
The Relationship between Androgens, Regulators of Collagen Metabolism, and Peyronie’s Disease: A Case Control Study
Authors: Karavitakis Markos , Komninos Christos , Simaioforidis Vasileios , Kontos Stylianos , Lefakis George , Politis Vasilios , Koritsiadis George , Konstantellou Katerina , Doumanis Gregorios 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Changes in collagen metabolism have been postulated to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of Peyronie’s Disease (PD). Androgens such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and testosterone influence collagen metabolism by modulating the activity of matrix metalloproteases (MMP) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteases (TIMP).

Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationship between androgens (DHEA-S and testosterone), key regulators of collagen metabolism such as insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1 and IGF Binding Protein 3 (IGF-BP3), the MMP/TIMP system, and PD.

Methods
Age matched PD patients (14) and healthy men (10) who acted as controls were recruited. Blood samples were collected from all subjects in the early morning hours after an overnight fast.

Main Outcome Measures
Serum levels of testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, DHEA-S, 3-α-androstanediol glucuronide, pro-MMP-1, MMP-1, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, IGF-1 and IGF-BP3 were measured in both groups. Statistical methods included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate regression models.

Results
Levels of DHEA-S (114.5 vs. 169.5 µg/dL; p = 0.03), IGF-BP3 (2.96 vs. 3.79 µg/mL; p = 0.01), and TIMP-1 (173.1 vs. 195 ng/mL; p = 0.01) were significantly lower in PD patients. In contrast, the level of TIMP-2 (102 vs. 85 ng/mL; p = 0.001) was significantly lower in the control group. Using stepwise regression analysis, only TIMP-2 (p &lt;0.001) and DHEA-S (p = 0.04) were significantly related to PD in the final model (R2 =0.63). TIMP-1 and DHEA-S (r=0.55, p &lt;0.05) were positively correlated in the PD group, whereas IGF-1 and testosterone (r=−0.54, p &lt;0.05), and IGF-BP3 and testosterone (r=−0.68, p &lt;0.05) were negatively correlated in PD patients.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that decreased levels of adrenal androgens may be implicated in the pathogenesis of PD. The mechanism and clinical relevance of this observation remain to be established.
The EPIFARM Study: An Observational Study in 574 Community Pharmacies in Spain Characterizing Patient Profiles of Men Asking for Erectile Dysfunction Medication
Authors: Martín Morales Antonio , Ibáñez José , Machuca Manuel , Pol-Yanguas Emilio , Schnetzler Gabriel , Renedo Virginia Pascual 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Community pharmacists may be an important first point of contact for erectile dysfunction (ED) patients, but to date there are no reports of the characteristics of men approaching pharmacists for ED advice or treatment.

Aim
To characterize the profiles of men with and without phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5i) prescription asking for ED treatment at the pharmacy.

Methods
A multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted in Spanish community pharmacies September–November 2008. Of men asking for ED advice or treatment, each investigator recruited one with and one without PDE5i prescription. Study pharmacists completed a questionnaire of patient demographic, clinical, and behavioural data including the Sexual Health Inventory for Men.

Main Outcome Measures
Demographic characteristics and responses to questionnaires.

Results
Five hundred and seventy-four pharmacists recruited 1,147 patients; 1,113 were included for analysis. There were no statistical differences between the groups regarding weight, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia, depression, or stress. There were no statistical differences in severity of ED (P = 0.7892) or proportion of men without ED in each group (P = 0.5755). ED symptoms had been present for a mean of 26 months in both groups before first consultation with a healthcare professional. The visit to the pharmacy was the first discussion about ED for 60.2% of the nonprescription group, and 50% of those who had previously discussed ED had done so with a pharmacist in the first instance. In the nonprescription group, 85.1% of men asked for a PDE5i.

Conclusions
Many men approached a community pharmacist for ED treatment and those with and without a PDE5i prescription had an equivalent ED severity and comorbidity profile. Community pharmacists should be trained in current concepts underlying the diagnosis and management of ED to enable them to educate men and encourage them to seek further medical care, increasing the chance of early detection of undiagnosed comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease.
A Protein Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Imatinib Mesylate (Gleevec), Improves Erectile and Vascular Function Secondary to a Reduction of Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Rats
Authors: Gur Serap , Kadowitz Philip J. , Hellstrom Wayne J.G. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Erectile dysfunction (ED) afflicts 50% of diabetic men, many of whom experience poor results with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors. The protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor imatinib (Gleevec, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Basel, Switzerland) has therapeutic potential in diabetic men by maintaining β-cell function.

Aim
To determine if imatinib has a beneficial effect on erectile and vascular function in diabetic rats.

Methods
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups: (i) control; (ii) imatinib (50 mg/kg, daily gavage)-treated control; (iii) diabetic; (iv) preventive imatinib (8 weeks); (v) reversal imatinib (4 weeks untreated diabetes and 4 weeks of treatment); and (vi) insulin (8 weeks)-treated diabetic rats.

Main Outcome Measures
After 8 weeks, all groups underwent cavernosal nerve stimulation and measurements of intracavernosal pressure (ICP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). Contractile and relaxation responses were evaluated using isolated strips of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) and aorta.

Results
Diabetic rats exhibited a 32% decrease in weight and fivefold increase in blood glucose levels. Imatinib-treated diabetic rats gained weight and partially improved blood glucose levels. Diabetic rats displayed a decrease in ICP/MAP. While maximum electrical field stimulation- and acetylcholine (ACh)-induced relaxations in CCSM strips from the diabetics were reduced, preventive imatinib or insulin treatment normalized ICP/MAP ratios and improved relaxation responses. ACh responses in diabetic aortas were diminished by 50.1% and restored by imatinib. While contractile responses to phenylephrine in diabetic CCSM were not altered, there was a significant enhancement (59.4 %) in the aortic contractile response in diabetic rats, which was restored by imatinib and insulin treatment.

Conclusions
In diabetic rats, prolonged therapy with imatinib improves diabetes-related ED and vascular function, which may involve normalization of high glucose levels and restoration of PTK activation. Future studies are needed to elaborate on the actions of imatinib on diabetic vascular complications.
Nicardipine vs. Saline Injection as Treatment for Peyronie’s Disease: A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind Trial
Authors: Soh Jintetsu , Kawauchi Akihiro , Kanemitsu Noriyuki , Naya Yoshio , Ochiai Atsushi , Naitoh Yasuyuki , Fujiwara Terufumi , Kamoi Kazumi , Miki Tsuneharu 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Various conservative treatments for Peyronie’s disease (PD) have been attempted over the years. Intralesional verapamil injection has been tested in prospective randomized studies, but the effect of this treatment seems insufficient. Nicardipine is a calcium antagonist alternative to verapamil and is reportedly more effective in vitro.

Aim
The objective of our study was to evaluate the usefulness of intralesional nicardipine injection as a conservative treatment for PD in the transition period of acute and chronic phase.

Methods
Eighty-six patients (age: 38–72 years, mean: 52) were enrolled in this study. A total of 74 patients were assigned randomly to nicardipine group (10 mg diluted in 10 mL of distilled water daily, N=37) and control group (10 mL of saline water, N=37). A total of six injections were administrated biweekly.

Mean Outcome Measure
The subjects were assessed by International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF)-5 and international pain scale. The plaque size was measured by ultrasonography after 20 µg intracavernosal injection of alprostadil (prostaglandin E1). The penile curvature was also measured by taking a photograph at maximum rigidity.

Results
A reduction of pain score was seen throughout the course of treatment in both groups with a significant difference between the nicardipine and control groups (multiple analysis of variance test, P = 0.019). A significant improvement of IIEF-5 score occurred only in the nicardipine group at 48 weeks after the initiation of treatment (P &lt;0.01). The plaque size was significantly reduced at 48 weeks only in the nicardipine group (12 points, P = 0.0004 by paired t-test). The penile curvature was significantly improved in both groups (P &lt;0.01) without significant difference between them (P = 0.14). There were no severe side effects, such as hypotension or other cardiovascular events.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that intralesional nicardipine injection is clinically effective as a conservative treatment for PD in the transition period of acute and chronic phase.
New Enhancements of the Scrotal One-Incision Technique for Placement of Artificial Urinary Sphincter Allow Proximal Cuff Placement
Authors: Wilson Steven K. , Aliotta Philip J. , Salem Emad A. , Mulcahy John J. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Urinary incontinence impairs sexual functioning and sexual satisfaction. Traditional artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation requires perineal incision for cuff placement and a second inguinal incision for reservoir and pump placement. We believed AUS could be placed easier and quicker through one scrotal incision.

Aim
In an effort to effect more proximal placement of the cuff while keeping the advantages of the one scrotal incision technique, we report enhancements to the original surgical technique.

Methods
Thirty patients have been operated upon using the enhanced technique. A modification of the SKW retractor system (AMS) facilitates deep bulbar exposure. Twenty patients were first time implantations and 10 were revisions with five of the revisions having had the original AUS placed by traditional two-incision technique. Two of the first time AUS patients received an inflatable penile prosthesis through the same incision.

Main Outcome Measures
We evaluated site of cuff placement, sizes of cuffs used, postoperative continence status.

Results
All of the virgin AUS required dissection of the bulbocavernosus muscle prior to cuff placement. In scrotally placed revisions, replacement cuffs were situated considerably proximal (4.5–7.5 cm) to the original cuff site. The perineal placed revisions were accomplished through a scrotal incision with replacement of two cuffs in the same site and the three other patients immediately distal. No intraoperative complications were seen. One patient developed scrotal hematoma requiring drainage. Only 15 patients are available for follow-up and all are socially continent (one pad or less).

Conclusions
Transscrotal approach is used safely and efficiently for penile implants and AUS implantation. The new enhancements to the one-scrotal incision technique allow more proximal cuff placement as evidenced by the bulbocavernosus muscle dissection and use of larger cuffs. Continence rate is similar to rates achieved with perineal placement of cuff found in the literature.
Sleep-Related Painful Erection in a 50-Year-Old Man Successfully Treated with Cinitapride
Authors: Chiner Eusebi , Sancho-Chust José Norberto , Llombart Mónica , Camarasa Ana , Senent Cristina , Mediero Gabriel , Gómez-Merino Elia 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The sleep-related painful erection (SRPE) is a well-established parasomnia characterized by episodes of penile pain during an erection and typically appears during REM sleep. It is associated with nocturnal awakenings, anxiety, and irritability.

Aim
To report a case study that highlights the successful treatment of SRPE with cinitapride.

Methods
We present a case report of a 50-year-old man suffering from SRPE that was studied by polysomnography.

Results
Severe fragmentation of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep was observed, and nine episodes of sleep-related erections were observed through the night; they were associated with REM sleep, and five of them were classified as SRPE. Cinitapride before the onset of sleep was started. Both the frequency and intensity of SRPE gradually decreased during a period of 6 months with the maintenance of normal sexual function.

Conclusion
Cinitapride can play a role in reducing SRPE at night probably due to central modulation of neurotransmitters mediating erection.
Clone differentiation and varietal identification by means of SSR, AFLP, SAMPL and M‐AFLP in order to assess the clonal selection of grapevine: the case study of Manto Negro, Callet and Moll, autochthonous cultivars of Majorca
Authors: Cretazzo E. , Meneghetti S. , De Andrés M.T. , Gaforio L. , Frare E. , Cifre J. 
Published: June 2010

Clonal selection is the most worldwide spreading method to improve the performance of wine grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cultivars. In the special case of autochthonous varieties with only local interest, such as Manto Negro, Callet and Moll in Majorca (Spain), good knowledge of their genotypic resources is helpful to assess the development of viticultural and enological potentialities.In this study, 94 vines (including Manto Negro, Callet, Moll and wrongly identified samples) were analysed by means of genetic markers.Several varietal identification mistakes related to the clonal selection in Majorca were detected by the amplification of 33 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) or microsatellite loci, mainly because of the close genetic relationships between Manto Negro, Callet, Moll and other varieties.A very low degree of intravarietal genetic diversity, possibly related to high incidence of virus infections, was shown in all three varieties. However, analysis by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), selective amplification of microsatellite loci (SAMPL) and microsatellite‐amplified fragment length polymorphism (M‐AFLP) was suitable for clone genetic discrimination. More than 900 scorable bands were obtained by nine primer combinations. The most efficient system to detect intravarietal genetic differences was M‐AFLP, which generated the highest number of polymorphic bands. The use of these markers allowed clustering vines in homogeneous groups, providing essential information about sanitation strategies in order to obtain certified propagation material.
Hope for Tropical Biodiversity through True Bioliteracy
Authors: Janzen Daniel H. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTFor tropical wild biodiversity to survive, it must occupy a large terrain, be permanently endowed, and be integrated with its local, national, and international society. Among other things, integration will be enormously facilitated by giving bioilliterate humanity—all seven billion of us—the ability to read wild biodiversity anywhere any time for the personal cost of a pocket comb. That is true universal bioliteracy. DNA barcoding is the technology for this, and a personal or an institutional decision to sustain its cheap cost will cut the Gordian knot.
A proposal on the galaxy intrinsic alignment self-calibration in weak lensing surveys
Authors: Zhang Pengjie 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The galaxy intrinsic alignment causes the galaxy ellipticity–ellipticity power spectrum between two photometric redshifts to decrease faster with respect to the redshift separation ΔzP, for fixed mean redshift. This offers a valuable diagnosis on the intrinsic alignment. We show that the distinctive dependences of the GG, II and GI correlations on ΔzP over the range |ΔzP| ≲ 0.2 can be understood robustly without strong assumptions on the intrinsic alignment. This allows us to measure the intrinsic alignment within each conventional photo-z bin of typical size ≳0.2, through lensing tomography of photo-z bin size ∼0.01. Both the statistical and systematical errors in the lensing cosmology can be reduced by this self-calibration technique.
Emergency department ultrasound by nurse practitioners
Authors: Henderson Sean O. , Ahern Terence , Williams David , Mailhot Thomas , Mandavia Diku 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: Bedside ultrasound (u/s) examinations by emergency physicians (EPs) have been integrated into clinical emergency medicine (EM) training programs and the efficacy and success of an introductory u/s training course, based on established guidelines, has been previously described. We used this same course to teach EM nurse practitioners (NPs) bedside u/s and then assessed the adequacy of NP ultrasonography 1 year following the course. Data sources: Five NPs were included in a standardized 16‐h EM u/s training program. Subsequently, the NPs were asked to print consecutive u/s images representative of their clinical assessments. A single qualified EP reviewer assessed images for adequacy. Conclusions: Five NPs reported 229 u/s examinations, two of which were excluded as nondiagnostic over the 2‐month study period. There were 32 inadequate images and 27 “positive” findings. All the positives were correct. Totals per provider were 104, 58, 49, 13, and 3 u/s assessments with 83%, 95%, 84%, 77%, and 100% adequacy of images, respectively. Of the 32 inadequate images, 18 of these were incomplete focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) examinations with a reading of negative for free fluid. Implications for practice: NPs are able to perform focused u/s with a high degree of accuracy, and a 16‐h guideline‐based course serves as a good introductory foundation.
Managing inflammatory arthritides: Role of the nurse practitioner and physician assistant
Authors: Lesko Mary , Young Melodie , Higham Robert 
Published: June 2010

Abstract Purpose: To review the current management of the inflammatory arthritides, including rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriatic arthritis. This review examines the role of the nurse practitioner (NP) and physician assistant (PA) in the management of these chronic diseases. Data sources: A review of the scientific literature and current guidelines regarding the management of inflammatory arthritides. Conclusions: NPs and PAs play important roles in the interdisciplinary team involved in the treatment of patients with chronic inflammatory arthritic conditions. The management of inflammatory arthritides has evolved with the development of new treatment strategies and is focused on early intervention and minimizing progressive joint damage. NPs and PAs are ideally positioned to educate patients regarding treatment options and other important aspects of the disease process and to monitor disease activity using a number of validated instruments. Implications for practice: Through active disease management, NPs and PAs can influence their patients to make better, more informed choices regarding treatment, which may optimize patient outcomes.
Mechanisms of exocytosis
Authors: Sugita S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCatecholamines and peptides secreted from dense‐core vesicles (DCVs) of adrenal chromaffin cells regulate a wide variety of physiological processes. For instance, the release of noradrenaline and adrenaline plays a key role in regulating heart rate and blood pressure. Thus understanding the mechanisms of secretory processes of DCVs is crucial for understanding the basis of diseases such as hypertension. DCVs undergo several stages of secretory processing before they are exocytosed. These include docking, priming and triggering of membrane fusion/exocytosis. Molecular studies of DCV exocytosis have identified many proteins critically involved in DCV secretion. These proteins include SNARE proteins, Munc18‐1, phsophatidylinositol transfer protein, type I phosphatidylinositol‐4‐phosphate‐5‐kinases, NSF, Munc13, CAPS1, synaptotagmins, RalA/RalB GTPases and exocyst proteins. In this article, I will discuss the functions of these proteins within the context of the stages (i.e. docking, priming and triggering of membrane fusion/exocytosis) in DCV secretion.