bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation, characterization, in vitro bioactivity, and osteoblast adhesion of multi‐level porous titania layer on titanium by two‐step anodization treatment
Authors: Xie Li , Liao Xiaoming , Yin Guangfu , Huang Zhongbing , Yan Danhong , Yao Yadong , Liu Wenlong , Chen Xianchun , Gu Jianwen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractTo combine the advantages of different electrolytes in anodic oxidation, pure titanium samples were anodized in CH3COOH electrolyte according to a novel anodizing treatment regime and then in H2SO4 electrolyte in potentialstatic mode. The in vitro bioactivity of the as‐prepared titanium samples was evaluated by simulated body fluid (SBF) test. In addition, MG63 osteoblast‐like cells were cultured on surfaces of the as‐prepared titanium samples to evaluate osteoblast adhesion ability. The titanium samples after the two‐step anodization treatment were covered by titania layers of anatase and/or rutile with several micrometres thickness and presented a multi‐level porous surface morphology consisting of interlaced grooves about 20‐μm wide overlaid with submicron scale pores. The SBF test results showed that the crystal titania layers prepared at appropriate conditions were able to induce apatite‐forming in 7 days, indicating that the abundance of surface TiOH groups and (101)‐oriented rutile structure both played important roles in in vitro bioactivity of titania layers. The cell experiment results showed that the macroscopic grooves could effectively promote osteoblast adhesion and growth and submicron scale pores might be beneficial to osteoblast adhesion. The two‐step anodization treatment might be a promising candidate for surface modification of titanium implant. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2011.
A novel strontium‐doped calcium polyphosphate/erythromycin/poly(vinyl alcohol) composite for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Song Wei , Ren Weiping , Wan Changxiu , Esquivel Amanda O. , Shi Tong , Blasier Ralph , Markel David C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIt is our goal to develop bactericidal bone scaffolds with osteointegration potential. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) coating (7%) was applied to an erythromycin (EM)‐impregnated strontium‐doped calcium polyphosphate (SCPP) scaffold using a simple slurry dipping method. MicroCT analysis showed that PVA coating reduced the average pore size and the percentage of pore interconnectivity to some extent. Compressive strength tests confirmed that the PVA coating significantly increased material elasticity and slightly enhanced the scaffold mechanical strength. It was also confirmed that the PVA coatings allowed a sustained EM release that is controlled by diffusion through the intact PVA hydrogel layer, irrespective of the drug solubility. PVA coating did not inhibit the EM bioactivity when the scaffolds were immersed in simulated body fluid for up to 4 weeks. EM released from SCPP–EM–PVA composite scaffolds maintained its capability of bacterial growth (S. aureus) inhibition. PVA coating is biocompatible and nontoxic to MC3T3 preosteoblast cells. Furthermore, we found that SCPP‐EM‐PVA composite scaffolds and their eluants remarkably inhibited RANKL‐induced osteoclastogenesis in a murine RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. Thus, this unique multifunctional bioactive composite scaffold has the potential to provide controlled delivery of relevant drugs for bone tissue engineering. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 2011.
Value of contrast‐enhanced sonography in the diagnosis of peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Li Chaolun , Wang Wenping , Ding Hong , Huang Beijian , Cao Jiaying , Mao Feng , Ji Zhengbiao 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground:To illustrate contrast‐enhanced harmonic ultrasonography (CEUS) findings of peripheral intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (PICC) and to assess the usefulness of CEUS in the diagnosis of this disease.Methods:This study is a retrospective analysis of 46 patients (20 men, 26 women) with PICC who underwent both preoperative CEUS and pathologic examination. Sonographic examinations were performed with sonographic instruments equipped with low mechanical index contrast imaging software. The contrast agent SonoVue was used. The wash‐in and wash‐out features of the lesions were documented and the enhancement patterns were analyzed by visual inspection of the real‐time cine loops.Results:During the hepatic arterial phase of CEUS, the majority of PICC lesions (43/46, 93.5%) showed hypervascularity compared with the liver parenchyma, whereas three lesions (3/46, 6.5%) showed hypovascularity. In the portal phases, all lesions were either isoechoic or hypoechoic, while they were all hypoechoic in the late phase. Of all the hypervascular lesions, 48.8% (21/43) showed diffuse enhancement and 51.2% (22/43) showed rim‐like or thick, rim‐like enhancement. In 62.8% (27/43) of cases, progressive dendritic and centripetal fill‐in of the contrast agent was observed. There were 83.7% (36/43) of hypervascular nodules showing heterogeneous enhancement during peak contrast enhancement of the lesions. CEUS provided clearer visualization of lesion margins than did conventional sonography.Conclusions:CEUS examination yields some specific findings that are useful in the diagnosis of PICC. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2011
Sonographic visualization of a scapular body fracture: A case report
Authors: McCrady Bradley M. , Schaefer Michael P. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe report the case of a scapular body fracture that was visualized with ultrasound and confirmed with three‐dimensional CT. Ultrasound examination showed a comminuted fracture along the lateral border of the left scapula. We suggest scanning of the scapula, particularly the lateral scapula border, in patients with a history of shoulder trauma who continue to have symptoms in the shoulder girdle. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
An alternate route to the synthesis of imidazo[1,2‐a]quinolines using I2‐NaI reagent
Authors: Upadhyay Shraddha , Chandra Atish , Singh Seema , Singh Radhey M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA new and a facile route to the synthesis of imidazo[1,2‐a]quinolines has been described via iodocyclization reaction of 2‐allylaminoquinoline derivatives using I2‐NaI reagent. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Solvent‐free three‐component synthesis of 7‐aryl‐1,1‐dioxothieno[3,2‐b]pyran derivatives catalyzed by ammonium acetate
Authors: Yao Changsheng , Feng Xiaodong , Wang Cuihua , Jiang Bei , Yu Chenxia , Wang Xiangshan , Li Tuanjie , Tu Shujiang 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAn efficient synthesis of 7‐aryl‐1,1‐dioxothieno[3,2‐b]pyran derivatives via the reaction of aryl aldehyde, tetrahydrothiophene‐3‐one‐1,1‐dioxide and malononitrile or ethyl 2‐cyanoacetate was performed at room temperature catalyzed by ammonium acetate under solvent‐free conditions. Compared with the conventional methods, this protocol features mild reaction conditions, high yields, and eco‐friendliness. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).
Root colonization of a rice growth promoting strain of Enterobacter cloacae
Authors: Shankar Manoharan , Ponraj Paramasivan , Ilakkiam Devaraj , Gunasekaran Paramasamy 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEnterobacter cloacae GS1 was isolated by in‐planta enrichment of a rice rhizoplane bacterial community. It displayed strong seed adherence ability (2.5 × 105 cfu/seed) and colonized rice roots reaching up to 1.65 × 109 cfu/g of fresh root weight in a gnotobiotic root colonization system. E. cloacae GS1 was motile, able to solubilize tricalcium phosphate, and produced indole acetic acid like substances (15 μg/ml). As an introduced bioinoculant in non‐sterile soil, E. cloacae GS1 colonized rice roots and significantly improved the fresh weight, root length, shoot length, and nitrogen content in inoculated rice seedlings as compared to uninoculated controls. This isolate was tagged with green fluorescent protein and various stages of root colonization in gnotobiotic hydroponic environment and non‐sterile soil environment were followed by fluorescence microscopy. Owing to its effective root colonizing ability and growth promoting potential, Enterobacter cloacae GS1 is a promising symbiotic bioinoculant for rice. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Requirements for sulfur in cell density‐independent induction of luminescence in Vibrio fischeri under nutrient‐starved conditions
Authors: Tabei Yosuke , Era Mariko , Ogawa Akane , Morita Hiroshi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDespite the universal requirement for sulfur in living organisms, it is not known whether the luminescence of Vibrio fischeri is sulfur‐dependent and how sulfur affects the intensity of its luminescence. In this study, we investigated the requirement for sulfur in V. fischeri luminescence under nutrient‐starved conditions. Full induction of V. fischeri luminescence required MgSO4; in artificial seawater cultures that lacked sufficient MgSO4, its luminescence was not fully induced. This induction of luminescence was not dependent on autoinduction because the cell density of V. fischeri did not reach the critical threshold concentration. In addition to MgSO4, this cell density‐independent luminescence was induced or maintained by nontoxic concentrations of l‐cysteine, sulfate, sulfite, and thiosulfate. Moreover, the addition of N ‐3‐oxo‐hexanoyl homoserine lactone and N ‐octanoyl homoserine lactone, which are known autoinducers in V. fischeri, did not induce luminescence under these conditions. This result suggested that the underlying mechanism of luminescence may be different from the known autoinduction mechanism. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Pleistocene forest on Tenerife's southern coast: a case study of Montaña Negra
Authors: Pannell Claire L. , Gray Alan , Zalasiewicz Jan A. , Branney Michael J. , Curry Gordon B. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMontaña Negra is a 121 m cinder cone in the Bandas del Sur region of southern Tenerife. Formed in the Middle Pleistocene, it comprises alternating phonolitic pumice deposits and scoria layers; the latter are extremely fossiliferous with good taphonomical fidelity. 40Ar/39Ar age determination provides new dates of 302 ± 7.6 ka and 299.9 ± 11.4 ka for the Lower and Upper Aldea Blanca pumice fall deposits, respectively. This chronological constraint allows comparison of the palaeo‐habitat with the global climate at the time of pyroclastic activity. Abundant terrestrial gastropod species and rare disarticulated Coleoptera fragments are to be found. The occurrence of the endemic semi‐slug genus Plutonia (Family Vitrinidae) is significant in indicating a woodland habitat in the region during the Middle Pleistocene. We suggest that this may have been forest, possibly dominated by laurel, which is in stark contrast to the present‐day semi‐desert. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimized mobile phase for CEC of acetylsalicylic acid and its impurities using a methacrylate‐based monolithic column
Authors: Tanret Indiana , Mangelings Debby , Vander Heyden Yvan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the past few years, monolithic methacrylate‐based columns have attracted some attention in separation science. The mobile‐phase optimization on these columns for drug analysis has not yet been thoroughly examined. This paper evaluates the separation of acetylsalicylic acid and its impurities as a case study. First, the best pH was determined as 2.3. Methacrylate‐based phases can be employed at such pH because they remain charged, necessary to generate electro‐osmotic flow. Then, a suitable solvent strength was determined. Trifluoroacetic acid (0.1%) was added to the mobile phase to improve peak shapes. The optimal organic modifier composition was then determined, using isoeluotropic mobile phases, based on the theory of Snyder's solvent triangle. Quadratic models were built to predict the retention of the compounds at all mobile‐phase compositions within the triangle. The predictions were tested and found appropriate. Eventually, a baseline separation of acetylsalicylic acid and its impurities was not obtained. However, it could be concluded that one can optimize the mobile phase on methacrylate‐based monolithic columns in CEC using Snyder's solvent triangle approach.
Exploring the efficacy of a residential treatment program incorporating cognitive processing therapy‐cognitive for veterans with PTSD and traumatic brain injury
Authors: Chard Kathleen M. , Schumm Jeremiah A. , McIlvain Susan M. , Bailey Gregory W. , Parkinson R. Bruce 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAs the numbers of military personnel participating in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq continue to grow, the percentage of individuals who return with both a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) also increases. Although there appears to be significant overlap in the symptoms resulting from PTSD and TBI, the best course of treatment remains an area of controversy. The authors present initial findings from a Veterans Administration residential program for comorbid PTSD and TBI. Forty‐two participants completed a program comprising psychoeducational groups and cognitive skill building that was augmented with a modification of standard cognitive processing therapy. The results suggest that residential programs that incorporate this form of cognitive therapy can anticipate meaningful participation from patients, and that it may be an effective approach to treat PTSD in individuals with a history of TBI.
Free‐Standing Films of Semifluorinated Block Copolymer Brushes from Layer‐by‐Layer Polyelectrolyte Macroinitiators
Authors: Estillore Nicel C. , Advincula Rigoberto C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractFree‐standing semifluorinated polymer brushes from layer‐by‐layer (LbL) macroinitiators are demonstrated. LbL deposition of macroinitiators is followed by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP). Increasing the number of LbL macroinitiator layers increases grafting density and thickness. The SI‐ATRP is conducted by first polymerizing a block of polystyrene followed by the semifluorinated poly‐2,2,2‐trifluoroethyl methacrylate block. Solvent selective response is investigated by AFM imaging and water contact angle measurements. Specifically, the solvent response of the semifluorinated block copolymer brushes exhibits alternate selectivity to cyclohexane and trifluorotoluene. Solvent responsive free‐standing films are also demonstrated. magnified image
Improved symptoms and lifestyle more than 20 years after untethering surgery for primary tethered cord syndrome
Authors: Fukui Junnosuke , Ohotsuka Kuniyoshi , Asagai Yoshimi 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAimsEvaluation of the long‐term effectiveness of untethering surgery on social adaptations to urinary symptoms at the time of the survey.MethodsPostoperative analysis of the current activities of daily life implemented as a postal questionnaire survey. Completed questionnaires were returned by 33 of 52 patients with primary tethered cord syndrome (p‐TCS) who had undergone untethering surgery more than 20 years ago, including 10 patients with tight filum terminale (TFT) and 23 with cauda equina adhesion syndrome (CEAS).ResultsLong‐term follow‐up surveys in patients with p‐TCS after untethering surgery indicated excellent effects on lower urinary tract symptoms in 9 of 10 patients with TFT, and the progression of symptoms tended to improve or halted in over half of the 23 patients with CEAS. However, one patient with TFT in whom new symptoms of voiding difficulty appeared immediately after surgery and 7 with CEAS showed deterioration of urinary and/or bowel symptoms. Eighteen patients complained of some symptoms caused by lower urinary tract dysfunction after untethering surgery in terms of difficulty in activities of daily life. With the exception of one female p‐TCS patient with short stature and low body weight, all data of physical status, as well as educational level, employment, occupational category and marriage statistics were within the normal respective ranges taken from the Japanese census.ConclusionsPostoperative long‐term follow‐up survey in patients with p‐TCS indicated significant improvement of urological symptoms. However, 55% of patients had some lower urinary tract dysfunction that affected their activities in daily life. Neurourol. Urodynam. 30:1333–1337, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Research using blogs for data: Public documents or private musings?
Authors: Eastham Linda A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractNursing and other health sciences researchers increasingly find blogs to be valuable sources of information for investigating illness and other human health experiences. When researchers use blogs as their exclusive data source, they must discern the public/private aspects inherent in the nature of blogs in order to plan for appropriate protection of the bloggers' identities. Approaches to the protection of human subjects are poorly addressed when the human subject is a blogger and the blog is used as an exclusive source of data. Researchers may be assisted to protect human subjects via a decisional framework for assessing a blog author's intended position on the public/private continuum. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 34:353–361, 2011
Validity of diagnostic codes and liver‐related laboratory abnormalities to identify hepatic decompensation events in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study
Authors: Re Vincent Lo , Lim Joseph K. , Goetz Matthew Bidwell , Tate Janet , Bathulapalli Harini , Klein Marina B. , Rimland David , Rodriguez‐Barradas Maria C. , Butt Adeel A. , Gibert Cynthia L. , Brown Sheldon T. , Kidwai Farah , Brandt Cynthia , Dorey‐Stein Zachariah , Reddy K. Rajender , Justice Amy C. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTPurposeThe absence of validated methods to identify hepatic decompensation in cohort studies has prevented a full understanding of the natural history of chronic liver diseases and impact of medications on this outcome. We determined the ability of diagnostic codes and liver‐related laboratory abnormalities to identify hepatic decompensation events within the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS).MethodsMedical records of patients with hepatic decompensation codes and/or laboratory abnormalities of liver dysfunction (total bilirubin ≥ 5.0 g/dL, albumin ≤ 2.0 g/dL, INR ≥ 1.7) recorded 1 year before through 6 months after VACS entry were reviewed to identify decompensation events (i.e., ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, variceal hemorrhage, hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma) at VACS enrollment. Positive predictive values (PPVs) of diagnostic codes, laboratory abnormalities, and their combinations for confirmed outcomes were determined.ResultsAmong 137 patients with a hepatic decompensation code and 197 with a laboratory abnormality, the diagnosis was confirmed in 57 (PPV, 42%; 95%CI, 33%–50%) and 56 (PPV, 28%; 95%CI, 22%–35%) patients, respectively. The combination of any code plus laboratory abnormality increased PPV (64%; 95%CI, 47%–79%). One inpatient or ≥2 outpatient diagnostic codes for ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, or variceal hemorrhage had high PPV (91%; 95%CI, 77%–98%) for confirmed hepatic decompensation events.ConclusionAn algorithm of 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 outpatient codes for ascites, peritonitis, or variceal hemorrhage has sufficiently high PPV for hepatic decompensation to enable its use for epidemiologic research in VACS. This algorithm may be applicable to other cohorts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New imidazole‐functionalized polyfluorene derivatives: convenient postfunctional syntheses, sensitive probes for metal ions and cyanide, and adjustable output signals with diversified fluorescence color
Authors: Dong Shoucheng , Ou Daxin , Qin Jingui , Li Zhen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBased on our previous work on the sensitive and selective conjugated fluorescent polymeric sensors toward cyanide, 2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 4,7‐bis(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole were incorporated into the polyfluorene backbone to yield three new polymers bearing imidazole moieties in the side chains, with different fluorescence color. The fluorescence could be turned off by Cu2+ ions and then recovered on addition of cyanide, making them good cyanide sensors with the detection limit down to 1.9 μM. Moreover, by fully understanding this “turn off–turn on” strategy and using the cooperation of two polymers with different fluorescence color, the emission color of the mixture system of one of the imidazole‐containing polymers and one from the corresponding polymers without imidazole ones, could be adjusted by the concentrations of the added copper and cyanide ions, leading to the output fluorescent signals diversity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Convenient synthesis of thermo‐responsive PtBA‐g‐PPEGMEMA well‐defined amphiphilic graft copolymer without polymeric functional group transformation
Authors: Song Xuemei , Zhang Yaqin , Yang Dong , Yuan Li , Hu Jianhua , Lu Guolin , Huang Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA series of well‐defined amphiphilic graft copolymers bearing hydrophobic poly(tert‐butyl acrylate) backbone and hydrophilic poly[poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)] (PPEGMEMA) side chains were synthesized by sequential reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and single‐electron‐transfer living radical polymerization (SET‐LRP) without any polymeric functional group transformation. A new Br‐containing acrylate monomer, tert‐butyl 2‐((2‐bromoisobutanoyloxy)methyl)acrylate (tBBIBMA), was first prepared, which can be homopolymerized by RAFT to give a well‐defined PtBBIBMA homopolymer with a narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn = 1.15). This homopolymer with pendant Br initiation group in every repeating unit initiated SET‐LRP of PEGMEMA at 45 °C using CuBr/dHbpy as catalytic system to afford well‐defined PtBBIBMA‐g‐PPEGMEMA graft copolymers via the grafting‐from strategy. The self‐assembly behavior of the obtained graft copolymers in aqueous media was investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and TEM. These copolymers were found to be stimuli‐responsive to both temperature and ions. Finally, poly(acrylic acid)‐g‐PPEGMEMA double hydrophilic graft copolymers were obtained by selective acidic hydrolysis of hydrophobic PtBA backbone while PPEGMEMA side chains kept inert. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011
Electrospun fibers of functional nanocomposites composed of single‐walled carbon nanotubes, fullerene derivatives, and poly(3‐hexylthiophene)
Authors: Bounioux Céline , Itzhak Racheli , Avrahami Ron , Zussman Eyal , Frey Joseph , Katz Eugene A. , Yerushalmi‐Rozen Rachel 
Published: May 2011

AbstractElectrospinning of fibers composed of poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT), fullerene derivative, phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) is reported. While of great promise for photovoltaic applications, morphological control of functional structures is a great challenge for most processing methods. It is demonstrated that the use of a tailor‐made block‐copolymer for dispersion of individual SWNT enables the preparation of stable dispersions of individual tubes that may be further cospun from chloroform solutions with PCBM and P3HT into submicron fibers. The block copolymer used to mediate the colloidal and interfacial interactions in the combined system enables the spinning of centimeters long and uniform fibers. Structural characterization indicates a high degree of ordering and alignment within the fibers and absorption and quenching of the photoluminescence indicate significant interactions among the components. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 49: 1263–1268, 2011