bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the moisture content and the condition of the milk sugar in Krause skim‐milk powder
Authors: Tamsma A. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractKrause skim‐milk powder in air of 20, 30, 40 and 50% relative humidity takes up water resulting in final percentages of moisture of, respectively, 3.5, 4.8, 6.7 and 6.4%, calculated with respect to the powder at equilibrium. In the range 15°‐25°C the equilibrium does not change with the temperature.These figures are about 1% higher than those of SuppleeG. C. Supplee, J. Dairy Sci. 9, 50 (1926).
) and about 0.4% lower than those of DavisR. N. Davis, J. Dairy Sci. 22, 179 (1939).
).Our data correspond exactly with the conclusion that in skim‐milk powder obtained by the usual Krause process the proportion of α‐ to β‐lactose is the same as in milk.Another conclusion is that not all the lactose is in the anhydrous state, a result which differs from that of an investigation of Tillmans and StroheckerJ. Tillmans and R. Strohecker, Z. Untersuch. Lebensm. 47, 377 (1924).
). Extreme accuracy in determining the percentage of moisture is necessary in order to obtain reliable results. We worked out such a method suited to our purpose.
Dampfdruckbestimmungen an einigen organischen Stoffen
Authors: Cramer J. S. N. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDer Dampfdruck p eines Stoffes lässt sich bekanntlich aus der Verdampfungswärme mit Hilfe der Gleichung

In dieser Gleichung bedeutet W die Verdampfungswärme von 1 Grammolekül des Stoffes bei der absoluten Temperatur T und R die Gaskonstante.In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde der Dampfdruck von einigen organischen Stoffen bei verschiedenen Temperaturen bestimmt und aus den gefundenen Daten die Verdampfungswärme berechnet.
Researches on sulphanilamide derivatives. II. On 5‐sulphanilylamino‐tetrazole
Authors: Veldstra H. , Wiardi P. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe arguments of Jensen and Rosenlund HansenK. A. Jensen, O. Rosenlund Hansen, Rec. trav. chim.
) in support of their opinion that the tetrazoles described in our first paperH. Veldstra, P. W. Wiardi, Rec. trav. chim. 61, 627 (1942).
) are not 5‐acetylsulphanilyl‐aminotetrazole (and 5‐sulphanilylaminotetrazole), but x‐acetylsulphanilyl‐5‐aminotetrazole (and x‐sulphanilyl‐5‐aminotetrazole) are considered unconvincing.It is shown that the substances possess the structure we ascribed to them. It proves to be possible to isolate three tautomeric forms of 5‐acetylsulphanilylaminotetrazole.
On the haemolysing action of lysocithin
Authors: Gorter E. , Hermans J. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe have studied the haemolysing action of lysocithin on the chromocytes of man, rabbit and sheep. It was found that the amount of lysocithin needed to haemolyse a red cell is sufficient to cover this cell by a monomolecular layer. In view of the fact that lysocithin alters the shape (and therefore the surface) of the chromocytes before haemolysis sets in, no very accurate check is possible.The lysocithin used was prepared from egg‐yolk. In a series of preliminary experiments with lyosocithin prepared from ovolecithin Merck the general features of lysocithin haemolysis were studied. It was shown that the number of chromocytes haemolysed by a given quantity of lysocithin is independent of the concentrations used. And further, that the process of lysocithin haemolysis is terminated within less than 15 minutes, even if insufficient lysocithin is present for the haemolysis to be complete.
Des Quinoléines Substituées. II. Synthèse de nouvelles 2‐arylquinoléines
Authors: Buu‐Hoï Ng. Ph. , Cagniant Paul 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOn décrit la méthode de préparation et les propriétés des quinoléines substituées en position 2 par des radicaux p‐cyclohexylphényl, p‐diphénylyl‐, α‐ et β‐naphthyl‐, 5‐acénaphtyl‐, 2‐anthryl‐, 3‐pyrényl‐, et 2‐chrysényliques.
The crystal structure of sodium and ammonium iodate
Authors: Mac Gillavry C. H. , van Eck C. L. Panthaleon 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSodium iodate, described in the literature as an antiperovskite, has a coordination structure of sodium and iodate ions in deformed caesium chloride packing. The iodate ions have a pyramidal shape. Ammonium iodate, generally regarded as a true perovskite, very probably has the same structure.
Sur la Couleur et la Constitution de Quelques Dérivés Benzéniques Aminés I
Authors: Heertjes P. M. , Bakker R. , van Kerkhof J. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDans cette publication sont donnés les spectres d'absorption de quelques dérivés benzéniques aminés et le comportement spectrographique de ces dérivés dans des solutions aqueuses acides. Ce travail fait partie d'une recherche sur le rôle joué par l'azote lors de son introduction dans les dérivés benzéniques. En outre, on trouvera dans cette publication une première étude des changements de constitution qui ont lieu lors de la formation des colorants du triphénylméthane par l'addition d'acide à une base carbinol.
Researches on adsorption electrodes VI. Glass electrodes. Influence of electrolytes on the potential of the glass electrode
Authors: Tendeloo H. J. C. , Voorspuij A. J. Zwart 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAfter the discription of the experimental method, a theoretical deduction of the glas‐electrode function is given.A new formula arrived at is generally in accordance with the measurements.
La constitution de la monobenzal‐d‐sorbite
Authors: van Der Laan P. J. , van der Mijll Dekker L. P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIl s'est trouvé impossible de préparer le benzal‐1‐thréose par oxydation de la monobenzal‐d‐sorbite avec le tétra‐acétate de plomb. Par ce procédé on peut bien obtenir le benzal‐1‐xylose. Par réduction, cette substance donne un dérivé de la xylite, produit qui ne réagit pas avec le tétra‐acétate de plomb.Se basant sur ces expériences, on a établi de nouvelles formules pour la monobenzal‐d‐sorbite et le monobenzal‐1‐xylose. Les formules répondent aux propriétés décrites dans la littérature.
Untersuchungen über Pilzfarbstoffe XIV : Über Oosporein, den Farbstoff von Oospora colorans van Beyma
Authors: Kögl F. , van Wessem G. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAus Kulturen von Oospora colorans van Beyma wurde ein, in der Nuance an Mennige erinnernder Farbstoff der Zusammensetzung C14H10O8 isoliert, für den die Bezeichnung Oosporein vorgeschlagen wird. Die Konstitution konnte durch die Synthese bewiesen werden, welche über den strukturell nahe verwandten Pilzfarbstoff Phoenicin zum Oosporein führte.
Sur les Modifications de la Composition des Acides Gras de L'herbe Pendant la Maturation et la Conservation
Authors: Brouwer E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPendant la maturation de l'herbe, il s'effectue une diminution marquée de la teneur en acides gras de la matière sèche, tandis que le degré de non‐saturation de ces acides ne baisse que légèrement. Pendant le séchage artificiel de l'herbe et la conservation de l'herbe séchée, il se produit une destruction modérée des acides gras non saturés. Pendant le fanage et la conservation du foin, il se produit une destruction plus importante de ces acides. Toutes ces données sont parfaitement en accord avec l'hypothèse que la teneur en acide oléique de la graisse du beurre dépend en premier lieu des acides gras non saturés des fourrages.
The crystal structure and anisotropic temperature vibration of ammonium cyanide
Authors: Lely J. A. , Bijvoet J. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNH4CN crystallizes in a tetragonal structure. Cell dimensions: a = 4.16,c = 7.61 Å. space group: D104h‐P4/mcm. The atomic positions are given on p. 40, on which also a figure is seen showing the structure. This bears much resemblance to the CsCl‐structure of the other NH4‐halides. (The cell is doubled in the direction of the c‐axis by the orientation of the CN‐groups.The CN‐groups oscillate in the planes (110) and (1¯10), respectively. This follows from the fact, that at room temperature intensity calculation of reflections with large third index, as compared with neighbouring reflections with small third index, give much too high results, the addition of an anisotropic heat factor yielding agreement between observed and calculated intensities both at room and low temperatures. The fact that the c‐axis increases considerably with temperature points to the same conclusion.
Die Bestimmung der Quantitativen Zusammensetzung von Mischungen, welche als Komponente Mahlprodukte von Roggen und Weizen enthalten, insbesondere mit Hilfe einer Nephelometrischen Methode. I: Mitteilung nr. 1 des Ausschusses für Brot und Brotgetreide der “Voedingsorganisatie T.N.O.”, bearbeitet in” “Het Station voor Maalderij en Bakkerij” te Wagingen
Authors: Hintzer H. M. R. , van der Lee J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNach einer Übersicht über die wichtigsten bekannten Methoden, wie diese in der Literatur beschrieben sind, wird die experimentelle Ausarbeitung einer nephelometrischen Untersuchungsmethode auf Grund des Unterschiedes im Gehalt an Trifructosan bet Roggen und Weizen gebracht.Die Streuung im Trifructosangehalt sowohl bei Roggen als bei Weizen wird durch eine Reihe von Messungen an verschiedenen Roggen und Weizenrassen, wie auch an einigen Mühlenmustern von Mahlprodukten erläutert. Der Einfluss der Umstände, unter denen die Messung ausgeführt wird, wie Ausmahlungs‐ und Feinheitsgrad der Mahlprodukte, Temperatur usw., wird genau festgestellt.
Über das Nitrieren von n‐Octylbenzen
Authors: Rinkes I. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNebenstehende Abhandlung enthält die genauen Angaben der physikalischen Konstanten von ortho‐, meta‐ und para‐Nitro‐n‐octylbenzen und die Ergebnisse der Nitrierung von n‐Octylbenzen.
Electrochemical behaviour of ion‐exchanging substances: I. Potential measurements on plant roots
Authors: Tendeloo H. J. C. , Vervelde G. J. , Voorspuij A. J. Zwart 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
According to the literature and to our own measurements the potential of plant roots is found to react sharply to the ion concentration of the medium around the roots. The roots of different plants behave as relatively good cation electrodes.
A scheme is proposed for describing the relation between root potential and ion concentration of the medium by the assumption of a Donnan equilibrium between the root and the medium. The root appears to act as a mixed electrode.
A kinetic investigation on the hydrolysis of simple aliphatic dicarboxylic tertiary butyl esters: Part II
Authors: Homan J. D. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper deals with the experimental data for the measurements mentioned in the preceding paper.Some new compounds are described. The mathematical and experimental difficulties connected with the calculation of k1 for the ditert. butyl esters in dioxane‐water mixtures, could be met by a simple method of extrapolation.The constants for the alkaline saponification of the first five tert butyl esters were determined; the values of k1 in water were deduced from those in dioxane‐water mixtures. Furthermore the rate constants for the acid hydrolysis of mono and ditert. butyl succinate were measured.Upon comparing the data for the tert. butyl esters with those for the methyl and ethyl esters, the effect of the tert. butyl group generally appears to be in agreement with the supposition made in Part I.
Über den Einflusss von Gitterstörungen auf das Röntgendiagram, im Besonderen bei Gelen
Authors: Hermans J. J. 
Published: September 2010

The influence of two extreme types of lattice distortions on the X‐ray diagram is demonstrated with the help of a simple one‐dimensional model. In the first type the displacements of the lattice points from their original positions are mutually independent, while in the second type of distortion a similar independence applies to the distance between successive lattice points. This second type gives rise to a broadening of reflexions, while the first does not.The theory is further applied to a special type of lattice, viz. that where two lattice periods occur in statistical succession. This type of lattice may occur in many compounds. It is shown that it gives rise to a single interference at a Bragg angle corresponding to the average period defined by equation (17). In other words, the reflexion shows a continuous shift with varying amounts of the two components in the compound; a result which is, for instance, applicable to several examples of “intramicellar swelling”.
Forme des Cristaux et Vitesse de Croissance Lors de la Recristallisation Primaire de L'Aluminium
Authors: Burgers W. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLe but de la présente note est d'attirer l'attention sur une particularité de la forme des lignes de séparation des cristaux dans de l'aluminium récristallisé, qui peut se présenter si l'on admet l'existence de différences réelles dans la vitesse de croissance des cristaux adjacents.
Eine Kolorimetrische Bestimmung des Atropins
Authors: van Os F. H. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEs wurde ein Verfahren zur schnellen Bestimmung kleiner Mengen von Atropin ausgearbeitet, beruhend auf der Bildung eines Kupplungsproduktes mit p‐Dimethyl‐aminobenzaldehyd in 90 %‐Schwefelsäure (Wasicky's Reagenz). Dazu wird der Farbstoff in Essigsäureanhydrid gelöst und im Pulfrich‐Photometer oder im Kolorimeter gemessen.Ferner wurde das Absorptionsspektrum der Farbstofflösung bestimmt und gezeigt, dass dieses Spektrum grosse Übereinstimmung aufweist mit dem einer salzsauren Kobaltchloridlösung, was eine einfache kolorimetrische Bestimmung ermöglicht.
On the results obtained with a large scale apparatus for the bromination of pyridine in the gas phase: (58th communication on derivatives of pyridine and quinoline)
Authors: Wibaut J. P. , den Hertog H. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn apparatus is described for the bromination of pyridine in the gas phase on a larger scale, the preparation with this apparatus of 3‐bromopyridine and the influence of changes in the reaction conditions on this bromination.By heating the reaction product of brominations carried out at 300° with ammonia, 2‐ and 4‐aminopyridine among other products are obtained. From this fact, and from the isolation of various higher substituted bromopyridines, it appears that at 300°, besides the hydrogen atoms at positions 3 and 5, those at positions 2, 4 and 6 are also able to enter into reaction.Some brominations with this apparatus, at 200° and 500° are discussed.
Sur la Copulation de Certaines Pyrazolones Avec les Diazocomposés Aromatiques
Authors: Verkade P. E. , Dhont J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLa 3,4‐diméthyl‐pyrazolone‐(5) et la 3‐phényl‐4‐méthyl‐pyrazolone‐(5) se copulent avec les diazocomposés aromatiques en formant des substances ayant le caractère de composés diazoaminés. Le groupe benzèneazo ne se trouve pas en position 4, mais est lié à un des atomes d'azote du noyau pyrazolonique, très vraisemblablement en position 2. Il n'est done pas question ici d'exceptions à la “règle” que la copulation en position 4 n'a lieu que si, après énolisation de la triade formée par les atomes de carbone 4 et 5 et l'atome d'oxygène, il reste encore un atome d'hydrogène en position 4.
On the influence of naphthoquinones on the respiration and light emission of photobacterium phosphoreum
Authors: Spruit C. J. P. , Schuiling A. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe influence of various naphthoquinones on the light emission and respiration of Photobacterium phosphoreum has been studied. Minute amounts of some of these compounds strongly inhibited the light emission. It appeared that this inhibition was connected with the redox potential of the quinones used and due to a dehydrogenating action of the naphthoquinones on the luciferin or on a hydrogen donator ultimately active in the formation of this compound. Since KCN eliminates the inhibition of the naphthoquinones, we concluded that the naphthohydroquinones formed were dehydrogenated again with the aid of a KCN‐sensitive catalyst. These observations give rise to a modified scheme for the respiration of the luminous bacteria.
Die Diffusion in Wolfram mit Niedrigem Eisengehalt
Authors: v. Liempt J. A. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMessungen der Diffusion in Wolfram mit 0.04% Eisen durch Bestimmung des Eisenverlustes in Eisenhaltigen Wolframdrähten beim Glühen in Hochvakuum. Für die Berechnung der Diffusions‐Koëffizienten wurde eine früher abgeleitete Annäherungsformel benutzt, die praktisch die gleichen Ergebnisse liefert wie eine andere, von Dünwald und Wagner abgeleitete Annäherungsformel.Der gegenseitige Diffusionskoëffizient erweist sich darstellbar durch die FormelD (cm2/sec) = 11.5e−71667/TDie Diffusionswärme beträgt 140000 g‐cal pro g‐Atom. Es wird gezeigt, dass diese Formel vermutlich auch annähernd die Selbstdiffusion von Wolfram darstellt.Ganz allgemein wird auf die Wahrscheinlichkeit hingewiesen, dass die Kurve der gegenseitigen Diffusionskoëffizienten in einem binären System und im Mischkrystallgebiet, wenigstens bei Substitutions‐Mischkrystallen, in den Wert für die Selbstdiffusionskoëffizienten des einen oder gegebenen Falles beider Komponenten auslaufen muss, sodass sich dadurch eine neue Möglichkeit bietet, um die Selbstdiffusion angenähert zu messen. Es wird die Möglichkeit diskutiert, dass in der Nähe der reinen Komponenten ein unerwartet steiler Verlauf eintritt. Vorgeschlagen wird der Gebrauch der Ausdrücke “gegenseitiger Diffusionskoëffizient” und “Diffusionskoëffizient” für die Diffusion in Substitutions‐Mischkrystallen bzw. in “Einlagerungs”‐Mischkrystallen.
Untersuchungen über Indolderivate: V. Nitroso‐derivate von Indolen
Authors: Verkade P. E. , Lieste J. , Werner E. G. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEs wird das Verhalten von verschiedenen Typen von Nitrosoderivaten von Indolabkömmlingen (Nitrosaminen, Isonitroso‐ und Nitrosoverbindungen) gegenüber Kalilauge und bei der Liebermann'schen und der Diphenylaminreaktion beschrieben. Das entwickelte Schema ist brauchbar für die Ermittelung der Konstitution von vielen Indolderivaten und bisweilen auch für die Trennung von Gemischen solcher Verbindungen.
Ultramikroanalyse III: Uber eine Methode zur Anreicherung von Kupfer durch selektive Adsorption und über die Zerstörung von organischem Material zur Kupferbestimmung
Authors: Seekles L. , Havinga E. , Bijkerk R. 
Published: September 2010

A description is given of a simple and convenient method for the destruction of organic material by preliminary treatment with conc. nitric acid, followed by boiling with conc. sulphuric acid. This method enables a direct measurement of the copper content in animal and vegetable materials (liver, grass etc.).Copper ions could be concentrated out of very dilute solutions by filtering the solution through cotton wool which had been previously “conditioned” by drenching it with an alcoholic solution of sodium stearate, followed by drying. This adsorption method could be applied to solutions obtained by destruction of organic materials only after a strong final oxidation by potassium periodate. According to this observation organic acids, such as glycine and citric acid, were shown to interfere with the adsorption of copper ions by stearate. Obviously some organic substances of lower molecular weights are not destroyed in the ordinary way by means of nitric and sulphuric acid.
Contribution a la Chimie de L'α‐Naphtyl‐Acetonitrile
Authors: Buu‐Hoï Ng. Ph. , Cagniant Paul 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDans ce travail, les auteurs apportent une contribution à la Chimie de l'α‐naphtyl‐acétonitrile, décrivant en particulier des réactions d'alcoylation au moyen de l'amidure de sodium. Les nitriles ainsi obtenus permettent d'accéder aux acides α‐naphtyl‐acétiques substitués correspondants; les esters de ces derniers corps avec les amino‐alcools sont parfois doués de propriétés physiologiques intéressantes (activités spasmolytique ou anesthésique). Enfin, la question de l'empêchement stérique dans la saponification des nitriles α‐naphtyl‐acétiques est discutée.
The mean polarizability of dipole molecules in the direction of an external electrical field
Authors: Böttcher C. J. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt is shown that even for pronouncedly anisotropic dipole molecules the mean polarizability in a homogeneous external electrical field, provided there is no saturation, is practically equal to (α1 + α2 + α3)/3 where α1, α2 and α3 are the polarizabilities in the three main directions.
Essais de préparation du tetrakis‐méthyl‐sulfonyl‐méthane
Authors: Backer H. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractL'oxydation prudente du tétrathioorthocarbonate de méthyle ne donne pas la tétrasulfone correspondante, mais une trisulfone, le tris‐méthylsulfonyl‐méthane. Nous avons essayé d'introduire dans cette trisulfone un quatrième groupe méthylsulfonyle ou un groupe thioéther, que l'on pourrait oxyder ensuite. La réaction du méthylmercaptide et du chlorure méthylsulfonique sur le bromo‐tris‐méthylsulfonyl‐méthane a régénéré la trisulfone. La réaction entre un sulfinate d'argent et le dérivé sodique de la trisulfone n'a pas donné non plus le résultat désiré.
Raman effect study of the two hexachloroketocyclopentenes C5Cl6O
Authors: van Brederode H. , Gerding H. , Prins H. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Raman frequency shifts of the two isomeric ketones C5Cl6O of melting points 28° and 92°, described for the first time by Zincke and Küster in 1888, were determined by a study of the Raman spectra of the undercooled liquid 28° isomer, the molten 92° isomer and of solutions of both of them in carbon tetrachloride as well as in carbon disulphide. Polarization measurements for liquid 28° and for solutions of the 28° and 92° isomers in CCl4 were also performed.Accelerated by the illumination, the molten 92° ketone shows an appreciable transformation in the direction of the equilibrium mixture corresponding to 28° in excess at that temperature. In undercooled liquid 28° the transformation is of subordinate degree at room temperature, even after long‐continued illumination.In the solutions no conversion took place to any measurable extent, as was proved by melting point determinations of the solids obtained by evaporation of the solvent after the Raman effect study.There are distinct differences between the Raman spectra of the two isomers. The Raman results do not agree either with possible open‐chain compounds of formula C5Cl6O, or with formulae containing heterocyclic six‐rings built up of five carbon atoms and one atom of oxygen. No simple decision can be reached between possible structures with four‐membered rings and the five‐ring formula accepted by Zincke and Küster on chemical grounds, when only the purely physical facts are considered.The Raman results (frequency heights, polarization results) agree best with cyclical structures with plane rings for both ketones, the 28° ketone corresponding to the less symmetrical structure IImagnified image with a conjugated system of double bonds C = C with C = O, and the 92° ketone having the more symmetrical structure I. magnified imageFrom the incomplete determinations of the composition of the equilibrium 28° ⇆ 92° in the liquid state at three temperatures by Küster, it follows that the 28° isomer possesses the lower energy content. The energy difference can be ascribed mainly to the extra resonance energy in the 28° ketone, caused by the conjugation of the double bonds C = C and C = O, which is also an argument for the structure II for the 28° form.