bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Confetti‐like macular atrophy: A new entity?
Authors: AKSOY Berna , ÜSTÜN Hüseyin , GÜLBAHÇE Rukiye , BALCI Mahi , AKSOY Hasan M. , CIVAŞ Ekrem , ATAKAN Nilgün 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAnetoderma, is characterized by herniated atrophic macules clinically and by decreased to absent dermal elastic fibers histopathologically. Atrophoderma is characterized by depressed, atrophic, pigmented patches clinically and by thickened and homogenized dermal collagen bundles with absence of elastolysis histopathologically. Atrophoderma elastolyticum discretum describes lesions that are reminiscent of atrophoderma clinically but they are compatible with anetoderma histopathologically. A 34‐year‐old female patient presented with diffuse, hypopigmented, atrophic, shiny macules on the upper limbs and upper trunk. Histopathological examination revealed an atrophic epidermis with disorganized, hyalinized and coarse collagen bundles in the middle and lower dermis. Elastic fiber loss and fragmentation were detected in the upper dermis. The other patient was a 42‐year‐old female patient. She applied with diffuse, hypopigmented, shiny, atrophic macules on the upper limbs and upper trunk. Histopathological examination revealed findings that were similar to those of the first case but there was near complete loss of elastic fibers throughout the whole thickness of dermis. Our cases did not show depressed or herniated atrophic macules clinically but the macules were at the same level with the surrounding healthy skin. Histopathological findings in these cases showed the histopathological features of both atrophoderma and anetoderma. These two cases are interesting because they may represent a clinicopathological entity which has not been described before.
Localized multiple glomangiomas on the foot
Authors: MIYAMOTO Hideaki , WADA Hidefumi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe report a 15‐year‐old Japanese male with multiple, soft, blue and painless nodules on the left foot. The lesions had developed when the boy was 3 years old, and had enlarged gradually thereafter. None of his family members had any similar eruptions. All the lesions were resected under local anesthesia. Histological examination revealed cystically dilated spaces lined by endothelial cells and a few outer layers of glomus cells in the dermis and fat tissue. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the tumor cells were positive for α‐smooth muscle actin. We diagnosed this case as localized multiple glomangioma. Multiple glomus tumors are much less common than solitary ones, and localized multiple glomus tumors are extremely rare. Because the clinical differential diagnosis of multiple glomangiomas includes common venous malformation, particularly blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome, histopathological studies should be performed.
Athlete’s nodule
Authors: UCHIYAMA Masaki , TSUBOI Ryoji , MITSUHASHI Yoshihiko 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThree cases of athlete’s nodule on the feet are reported. In case 1, a 30‐year‐old man, who had been an amateur football player, presented with nodules on the lateral side of the feet and on the right lateral malleolus with a duration of 1 year. In case 2, a 22‐year‐old man, who had participated in karate and track‐and‐field, presented with nodules on the lateral side of the feet and on the right lateral malleolus with a duration of 10 years. In case 3, a 25‐year‐old man, who had skied, presented with a nodule on the right lateral malleolus with a duration of 4 years. The biopsy specimens from the lesion demonstrated hyperkeratosis, acanthosis of the epidermis and thickness of the dermis. In 1991, Cohen et al. proposed the concept of athlete’s nodule which indicated an acquired cutaneous nodule caused by chronic stimuli with sports. Histopathology of the athlete’s nodule shows hypertrophy of the epidermis and dermis. To the best of our knowledge the term “athlete’s nodule” has not been used in Japan, but it is a useful term to refer to the lesion induced by athletics or the use of sporting equipment.
Case of cutaneous malignant melanoma surviving 16 years with late recurrence
Authors: OTSU Utako , FUKUI Nao , IKI Mariko , MORIWAKI Shinichi , KIYOKANE Kimihiro 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLate recurrence, defined as that occurring 10 or more years after diagnosis, is an unusual event in cutaneous malignant melanoma (MM). A 59‐year‐old woman presented with a black nodule measuring 10 mm × 9 mm on the sole of her right foot. She was diagnosed with MM and the tumor was totally excised with 5 cm of the normal surrounding skin. Eleven years after the operation, five in‐transit metastases were found in her right limb. They were all excised and β‐interferon (IFN‐β) was injected into the skin around the postoperative scars. However, numerous new in‐transit skin metastases have been emerging every year in her right limb. Fifty‐four in‐transit skin metastases have so far been found. Recently, there have been few in‐transit metastases. All in‐transit metastatic lesions were excised and local IFN‐β injections were conducted continuously. There is no evidence of metastases to the internal organs or lymph nodes. This report describes this case with a brief review of the published work concerning the rare late recurrences of MM.
Colonoscopy‐controlled intra‐individual comparisons to screen relevant neoplasia: faecal immunochemical test vs. guaiac‐based faecal occult blood test
Authors: OORT F. A. , TERHAAR SIVE DROSTE J. S. , VAN DER HULST R. W. M. , VAN HEUKELEM H. A. , LOFFELD R. J. L. F. , WESDORP I. C. E. , VAN WANROOIJ R. L. J. , DE BAAIJ L. , MUTSAERS E. R. , VAN DER REIJT S. , COUPE V. M. H. , BERKHOF J. , BOUMAN A. A. , MEIJER G. A. , MULDER C. J. J. 
Published: October 2009

Aliment Pharmacol Ther 31, 432–439SummaryBackground  Guaiac‐based faecal occult blood tests (g‐FOBTs) are most commonly used in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programmes. Faecal immunochemical tests (FITs) are thought to be superior.Aim  To compare performance of a g‐FOBT and a quantitative FIT for detection of CRCs and advanced adenomas in a colonoscopy‐controlled population.Methods  We assessed sensitivity and specificity of both FIT (OC‐sensor) and g‐FOBT (Hemoccult‐II) prior to patients’ scheduled colonoscopies.Results  Of the 62 invasive cancers detected in 1821 individuals, g‐FOBT was positive in 46 and FIT in 54 (74.2% vs. 87.1%, P = 0.02). Among 194 patients with advanced adenomas, g‐FOBT was positive in 35 and FIT in 69 (18.0% vs. 35.6%, P < 0.001). Sensitivity for screen relevant tumours (197 advanced adenomas and 28 stage I or II cancers) was 23.0% for g‐FOBT and 40.5% for FIT (P < 0.001). Specificity of g‐FOBT compared to FIT for the detection of cancer was 95.7% vs. 91.0%, P < 0.001) and for advanced adenomas (97.4% vs. 94.2%, P < 0.001).Conclusions Faecal immunochemical test is more sensitive for CRC and advanced adenomas. Sensitivity of FIT for screen relevant tumours, early‐stage cancers and advanced adenomas, is significantly higher. Specificity of g‐FOBT is higher compared with FIT.
Increased levels of tissue factor activity and procoagulant phospholipids during treatment of children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Schneider Pascale , Dreden Patrick Van , Rousseau Aurélie , Kassim Yusra , Legrand Elisabeth , Vannier Jean‐Pierre , Vasse Marc 
Published: October 2009

SummaryThe use of l‐asparaginase (l‐ASP) in paediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is associated with thrombotic complications. We evaluated the activities of tissue factor (TFa), thrombomodulin (TMa) and procoagulant phospholipids (PPL) in 26 consecutive children with ALL (25 B‐ALL and one T‐ALL) treated by the French Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia group (FRALLE)‐2000 protocol. Samples were obtained at diagnosis, after glucocorticoid (GC) therapy, during the induction phase with l‐ASP, vincristine (VCR) and adriamycin (ADR), during the re‐induction and within the week after treatment. Plasma levels of TFa, TMa and PPL increased gradually and significantly during the different phases of the treatment, with higher levels observed during the induction period, and decreased after treatment discontinuation. In vitro studies showed that the different drugs used for ALL treatment could induce a weak expression of TF and procoagulant activity (PCA) on normal and leukaemia blood cells, while a marked effect was observed on endothelial cells. In conclusion, these data indicate that, in addition to the well‐identified increased in coagulation factors and inhibitor deficiencies, the injury of the endothelium could lead to the release of TF and PPL and could contribute to the hypercoagulability of children treated for ALL.
Seven years of recent European net terrestrial carbon dioxide exchange constrained by atmospheric observations
Authors: PETERS W. , KROL M. C. , Van Der WERF G. R. , HOUWELING S. , JONES C. D. , HUGHES J. , SCHAEFER K. , MASARIE K. A. , JACOBSON A. R. , MILLER J. B. , CHO C. H. , RAMONET M. , SCHMIDT M. , CIATTAGLIA L. , APADULA F. , HELTAI D. , MEINHARDT F. , DI SARRA A. G. , PIACENTINO S. , SFERLAZZO D. , AALTO T. , HATAKKA J. , STRÖM J. , HASZPRA L. , MEIJER H. A. J. , VAN DER LAAN S. , NEUBERT R. E. M. , JORDAN A. , RODÓ X. , MORGUÍ J.‐A. , VERMEULEN A. T. , POPA E. , ROZANSKI K. , ZIMNOCH M. , MANNING A. C. , LEUENBERGER M. , UGLIETTI C. , DOLMAN A. J. , CIAIS P. , HEIMANN M. , TANS P. P. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe present an estimate of net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2 in Europe for the years 2001–2007. It is derived with a data assimilation that uses a large set of atmospheric CO2 mole fraction observations (∼70 000) to guide relatively simple descriptions of terrestrial and oceanic net exchange, while fossil fuel and fire emissions are prescribed. Weekly terrestrial sources and sinks are optimized (i.e., a flux inversion) for a set of 18 large ecosystems across Europe in which prescribed climate, weather, and surface characteristics introduce finer scale gradients. We find that the terrestrial biosphere in Europe absorbed a net average of −165 Tg C yr−1 over the period considered. This uptake is predominantly in non‐EU countries, and is found in the northern coniferous (−94 Tg C yr−1) and mixed forests (−30 Tg C yr−1) as well as the forest/field complexes of eastern Europe (−85 Tg C yr−1). An optimistic uncertainty estimate derived using three biosphere models suggests the uptake to be in a range of −122 to −258 Tg C yr−1, while a more conservative estimate derived from the a‐posteriori covariance estimates is −165±437 Tg C yr−1. Note, however, that uncertainties are hard to estimate given the nature of the system and are likely to be significantly larger than this. Interannual variability in NEE includes a reduction in uptake due to the 2003 drought followed by 3 years of more than average uptake. The largest anomaly of NEE occurred in 2005 concurrent with increased seasonal cycles of observed CO2. We speculate these changes to result from the strong negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation in 2005 that lead to favorable summer growth conditions, and altered horizontal and vertical mixing in the atmosphere. All our results are available through http://www.carbontracker.eu
Anterior open bite: a case–control study
Authors: HEIMER MÔNICA VILELA , KATZ CÍNTIA REGINA TORNISIELLO , ROSENBLATT ARONITA 
Published: October 2009

Objective.  The aim of this study was to assess the influence of sucking habits and facial pattern measurements on the development of anterior open bite (AOB).Methods.  A case–control study was carried out on 60 children aged 7 and 8 years attending municipal public schools in the city of Recife, Brazil. Data collection included interviews with guardians, oral examinations, and facial growth pattern analysis using cephalometric radiographs. The following cephalometric measurements were assessed: SN.Gn, SN.GoGn, FMA, and Facial Axis. Statistical analyses were performed using the Student’s t‐test and Pearson’s chi‐square test at a 5% level of significance.Results.  The percentage of children with sucking habits in the case group was much higher than in the control group (53.3%vs 16.7%) (P = 0.003). Children with sucking habits were six times more likely to develop AOB. Regarding the measurements assessed, no statistically significant differences were observed between groups.Conclusion.  This study found no evidence that variations in cephalometric angles (SN.Gn, FMA, SN.GoGn, and facial axis) are risk factors for AOB. Only sucking habits demonstrated a positive correlation with an increased AOB.
Life cycle strategy, species richness and distribution in marine Hydrozoa (Cnidaria: Medusozoa)
Authors: Gibbons Mark J. , Janson Liesl A. , Ismail Adiel , Samaai Toufiek 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAim  Using the genus as the unit of analysis, we examine the relationship between richness, distribution and life cycle strategy for all currently recognized marine Hydrozoa.Location  The global marine environment.Methods  A global dataset detailing the number of species per genus and the mean date of first description (as a proxy for geographic range size) per genus was assembled for all currently recognized marine Hydrozoa. Differences in means per genus were examined by dominant life cycle strategy (holoplanktic, meroplanktic and benthic) using nonparametric ANOVA and resampling methods.Results  By comparison with benthic taxa, holopelagic genera are (on average) significantly less species rich and were described at a significantly earlier date. Taxa with meroplanktic life cycles have a richness and a date of first description that is mid‐way between the two extremes.Main conclusions  Following from previous work showing that there is a negative relationship between the date of first description and geographic range size, our data indicate that holopelagic taxa not only have fewer species per genus but also have a wider distribution than benthic taxa. These quantitative results are in agreement with long‐standing intuitions, and should be applicable to other taxa. They run counter to some recent genetic observations that suggest taxa having planktic larvae might nevertheless show restricted distributions; we argue that this inference reflects a lack of sampling of holopelagic taxa, and a call is made to provide empirical evidence from this realm.
Resilience and the course of daily parenting stress in families of young children with intellectual disabilities
Authors: Gerstein E. D. , Crnic K. A. , Blacher J. , Baker B. L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground  Parenting stresses have consistently been found to be higher in parents of children with intellectual disabilities (ID); yet, some families are able to be resilient and thrive in the face of these challenges. Despite the considerable research on stress in families of ID, there is still little known about the stability and compensatory factors associated with everyday parenting stresses.Methods  Trajectories of daily parenting stress were studied for both mothers and fathers of children with ID across child ages 36–60 months, as were specific familial risk and resilience factors that affect these trajectories, including psychological well‐being of each parent, marital adjustment and positive parent–child relationships.Results  Mothers' daily parenting stress significantly increased over time, while fathers' daily parenting stress remained more constant. Decreases in mothers' daily parenting stress trajectory were associated with both mother and father's well‐being and perceived marital adjustment, as well as a positive father–child relationship. However, decreases in fathers' daily parenting stress trajectory were only affected by mother's well‐being and both parents' perceived marital adjustment.Conclusions  Parenting stress processes are not shared entirely across the preschool period in parents of children with ID. Although individual parent characteristics and high‐quality dyadic relationships contribute to emerging resilience in parents of children with ID, parents also affect each others' more resilient adaptations in ways that have not been previously considered.
Interaction of landscape and life history attributes on genetic diversity, neutral divergence and gene flow in a pristine community of salmonids
Authors: GOMEZ‐UCHIDA DANIEL , KNIGHT THOMAS W. , RUZZANTE DANIEL E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLandscape genetics holds promise for the forecasting of spatial patterns of genetic diversity based on key environmental features. Yet, the degree to which inferences based on single species can be extended to whole communities is not fully understood. We used a pristine and spatially structured community of three landlocked salmonids (Salvelinus fontinalis, Salmo salar, and Salvelinus alpinus) from Gros Morne National Park (Newfoundland, Canada) to test several predictions on the interacting effects of landscape and life history variation on genetic diversity, neutral divergence, and gene flow (m, migration rate). Landscape factors consistently influenced multispecies genetic patterns: (i) waterfalls created strong dichotomies in genetic diversity and divergence between populations above and below them in all three salmonids; (ii) contemporary m decreased with waterway distance in all three species, while neutral genetic divergence (θ) increased with waterway distance, albeit in only two taxa; (iii) river flow generally produced downstream‐biased m between populations when waterfalls separated these, but not otherwise. In contrast, we expected differential life history to result in a hierarchy of neutral divergence (S. salar > S. fontinalis > S. alpinus) based on disparities in dispersal abilities and population size from previous mark‐recapture studies. Such hierarchy additionally matched varying degrees of spatial genetic structure among species revealed through individual‐based analyses. We conclude that, whereas key landscape attributes hold power to predict multispecies genetic patterns in equivalent communities, they are likely to interact with species‐specific life history attributes such as dispersal, demography, and ecology, which will in turn affect holistic conservation strategies.
BRIEF REPORT: Single exposure to cocaine or ecstasy induces DNA damage in brain and other organs of mice
Authors: Alvarenga Tathiana A. , Andersen Monica L. , Ribeiro Daniel A. , Araujo Paula , Hirotsu Camila , Costa José L. , Battisti Murilo C. , Tufik Sergio 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTWe evaluated the overall genetic damage induced by different doses of cocaine and MDMA (3,4‐Methylenedioxymethamphetamine) in several organs. One hour after intraperitoneal drug administration, mice were euthanized; peripheral blood, liver and brain were collected, and the cellular suspensions were used for the single cell gel (comet) assay. We determined that all doses of cocaine and MDMA tested were able to induce DNA damage in blood cells. Extensive genotoxic damage was induced by cocaine or MDMA at the highest doses used in liver cells. Brain cells were affected by all doses administrated. These findings demonstrate that cocaine and MDMA are potent genotoxins.
GENETIC STUDY: H2 haplotype at chromosome 17q21.31 protects against childhood sexual abuse‐associated risk for alcohol consumption and dependence
Authors: Nelson Elliot C. , Agrawal Arpana , Pergadia Michele L. , Wang Jen C. , Whitfield John B. , Saccone F. Scott , Kern Jason , Grant Julia D. , Schrage Andrew J. , Rice John P. , Montgomery Grant W. , Heath Andrew C. , Goate Alison M. , Martin Nicholas G. , Madden Pamela A. F. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTAnimal research supports a central role for corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) in actions of ethanol on brain function. An examination of alcohol consumption in adolescents reported a significant genotype × environment (G × E) interaction involving rs1876831, a corticotropin‐releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) polymorphism, and negative events. CRHR1 and at least four other genes are located at 17q21.31 in an extremely large block of high linkage disequilibrium resulting from a local chromosomal inversion; the minor allele of rs1876831 is contained within the H2 haplotype. Here, we examine whether G × E interactions involving this haplotype and childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are associated with risk for alcohol consumption and dependence in Australian participants (n = 1128 respondents from 476 families) of the Nicotine Addiction Genetics project. Telephone interviews provided data on DSM‐IV alcohol dependence diagnosis and CSA and enabled calculation of lifetime alcohol consumption factor score (ACFS) from four indices of alcohol consumption. Individuals reporting a history of CSA had significantly higher ACFS and increased risk for alcohol dependence. A significant G × E interaction was found for ACFS involving the H2 haplotype and CSA (P < 0.017). A similar G × E interaction was associated with protective effects against alcohol dependence risk (odds ratio 0.42; 95% confidence interval 0.20–0.89). For each outcome, no significant CSA‐associated risk was observed in H2 haplotype carriers. These findings support conducting further investigation of the H2 haplotype to determine the gene(s) responsible. Our results also suggest that severe early trauma may prove to be an important clinical covariate in the treatment of alcohol dependence.
The role of physician–patient communication in promoting patient–participatory decision making
Authors: Ruiz‐Moral Roger 
Published: October 2009

AbstractContext  Involving patients in decision making (DM) is being advocated in clinical practice. For it to be operational, some behavioural models have been put forward. Yet, their suitability and implementation in primary care are controversial.Objective  To illustrate: (i) some of the strategies general practitioners use to involve patients in DM and (ii) a type of patient involvement in the context of primary care based on the appropriate use of general communication skills along the physician–patient interaction to promote participation without an extensive exhibition of options.Strategy  Analysis of two real situations of family medicine practice.Conclusion  The quality of the process of involving patients in DM depends mainly on the professional’s communicative effort to achieve understanding and rapport rather than on an extensive discussion of possibilities or their prioritization.
New labour and reform of the English NHS: user views and attitudes
Authors: Wallace Andrew , Taylor‐Gooby Peter 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground  The British National Health Service has undergone significant restructuring in recent years. In England this has taken a distinctive direction where the New Labour Government has embraced and intensified the influence of market principles towards its vision of a ‘modernized’ NHS. This has entailed the introduction of competition and incentives for providers of NHS care and the expansion of choice for patients.Objectives  To explore how users of the NHS perceive and respond to the market reforms being implemented within the NHS. In addition, to examine the normative values held by NHS users in relation to welfare provision in the UK.Design and setting  Qualitative interviews using a quota sample of 48 recent NHS users in South East England recruited from three local health economies.Results  Some NHS users are exhibiting an ambivalent or anxious response to aspects of market reform such as patient choice, the use of targets and markets and the increasing presence of the private sector within the state healthcare sector. This has resulted in a sense that current reforms, are distracting or preventing NHS staff from delivering quality of care and fail to embody the relationships of care that are felt to sustain the NHS as a progressive public institution.Conclusion  The best way of delivering such values for patients is perceived to involve empowering frontline staffs who are deemed to embody the same values as service users, thus problematizing the current assumptions of reform frameworks that market‐style incentives will necessarily gain public consent and support.