bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Matching Process Concerning Children With Disabilities in Family Foster Care
Authors: Engwall Kristina , Bask Miia , Bergman Ann‐Sofie , Järkestig Berggren Ulrika 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTChildren with disabilities are over‐represented in foster care and exposed to more disruptions. This is unfortunate because they need long‐term relationships and predictability, as well as access to special schools and health care. Disruption can be the result of a poor match between the child and the foster family. In this article, we focus on the matching process in relation to children with disabilities. Zeijlmans et al. describe matching as the process by which social workers move from principles of good matching to realistic matching, depending on existing premises. Using their model, we analyse the matching process for children with disabilities in Sweden. The study is based on 31 individual interviews and six group interviews with social workers and social work managers. They describe how they take into account the family climate, family composition and prior knowledge and/or experience of disability in the foster home. However, disruptions occur even when these conditions are met. Stable placements seem to be more related to the fostered child's progress when the family's efforts are rewarded. We also address the complex issue of what disability actually means in the context of foster care, given the interrelatedness of trauma, maltreatment and impairment.
Empowering children as active and responsible citizens: A dramatic journey towards global citizenship
Authors: Ng Elaine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article investigates three key moments from a sequence of learning facilitated within a Singapore preschool. Delivered as part of a wider study aimed at identifying the value of dramatic pedagogies for developing young children's global competence, the learning sequence was facilitated by the researcher—an experienced early childhood drama educator. The learning experiences were designed to be responsive to the children's interests and ideas, with an emphasis on ensuring their active participation and agency. Analysis of the data was supported using the 2018 Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development Global Competence Framework and the Elements of Drama model. Despite limitations such as the small sample size, the findings suggest that for these children, dramatic pedagogies were effective in providing opportunities for engagement with the complex ideas associated with global competence and sustainable development. However, analysis also reveals that in order to be effective, careful management of the elements of drama is required. The article concludes by outlining implications for educators and public policy‐makers interested in identifying pedagogies suitable for developing young children's global competence and supporting their awareness of the importance of sustainable development.
Employee Stock Ownership Plans and Stock‐price Informativeness
Authors: Zuo Yuehua , Huang Xin , Liu Xiaojun , Dai Yunhao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of employee stock ownership plans (ESOPs) on stock‐price informativeness in Chinese stock markets. Its findings indicate that firms implementing ESOPs experienced an average 11.89 percent increase in stock‐price informativeness. The plans improved stock‐price informativeness through increased external attention and supervision. An event study shows that ESOPs gave rise to an announcement effect, driven by anticipated performance improvements and the novelty associated with ESOPs. A mechanism analysis demonstrates that the implementation of ESOPs attracted market attention, and the increased market supervision resulting from this mitigated the moral hazards of management associated with ESOPs. Plans with more positive signals exerted a greater influence. Notably, ESOPs that prioritized management incentives gained more recognition in the market. As the incentive effects of ESOPs were weaker than those of equity incentive plans and the ESOPs lost novelty over time, the annual announcement effect diminished gradually. These findings underscore the necessity of strengthening ESOP incentives for continued optimization of price efficiency.
Dutch cardio‐oncology cohort: Incident cardiovascular disease predisposes to a higher cancer mortality rate
Authors: Koop Yvonne , Yousif Laura , de Boer Rudolf A. , Bots Michiel L. , Meijers Wouter C. , Vaartjes Ilonca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the two leading causes of death worldwide. Given their high prevalence, it is important to understand the disease burden of cancer mortality in CVD patients.ObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate whether patients with incident CVD have a higher risk of malignancy‐related mortality, compared to the general population without CVD.MethodsWe performed a national population‐based cohort study selecting patients with incident CVD in the Netherlands between 01 April 2000 and 31 December 2005. A reference cohort was selected from the Dutch population using age, sex and ethnicity. Mortality follow‐up data were evaluated after data linkage of national registries from Statistics Netherlands until 31 December 2020.ResultsA total of 2,240,879 individuals were selected with a mean follow‐up of 12 years (range 0.4–21.0), of which 738,666 patients with incident CVD with a mean age of 71 ± 15 years. Malignancy mortality per 1000 person years was 84 for the reference group and 118 for patients with CVD, with the highest rate of 258 in patients with heart failure. Patients with CVD had a higher malignancy mortality risk, compared to the reference group: HR 1.35 (95%CI 1.33–1.36). Highest risks were observed in patients with venous diseases (HR 2.27, 95%CI 2.17–2.36) and peripheral artery disease (HR 1.87, 95%CI 1.84–2.01).ConclusionResults show that CVD predisposes to a higher cancer mortality rate. Of all CVD subtypes, HF patients have the highest cancer mortality rate and the hazards were highest in patients with venous diseases and peripheral artery disease.
The diagnosis and misdiagnosis of Sjögren disease
Authors: Lee Adrian Y. S. , Rischmueller Maureen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough one of the most common systemic autoimmune disorders, Sjögren disease (SjD) may be overlooked in patients presenting with non‐specific symptoms or no complaints of sicca symptoms. SjD is not a condition to be missed as patients could present with serious extra‐glandular manifestations, including lymphomas. In this article, we discuss the diagnostic pitfalls of this disorder and encourage physicians to consider carefully the ‘non‐textbook’ presentations.
Result of the left bundle branch area pacing data collection registry, an international multicenter study of conduction system pacing with a Tendril STS 2088 stylet‐driven lead
Authors: Vijayaraman Pugazhendhi , Foo David , Lim Tien Siang Eric , Diamantakos Evangelos , Verma Sumit , Hourdain Jerome , Pandurangi Ulhas , Bhargava Kartikeya , Zanon Francesco , Stone James , Lee Kwangdeok , Nair Devi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionLeft bundle branch area (LBBA) pacing (LBBAP) has been proposed as an alternative therapy option in patients indicated for cardiac pacing to treat bradycardia or heart failure. The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of LBBAP in patients implanted with a Tendril 2088 stylet‐driven lead.MethodsThe international retrospective data collection registry included 11 sites from 5 countries globally. Patients with attempted implants of the Tendril lead in the LBBA were followed for at least 6 months post the implant attempt. The primary safety and efficacy endpoints were freedom from LBBAP lead‐related serious adverse events and the composite of LBBA capture threshold of ≤2.0 V and R‐wave amplitudes ≥5 mV (or ≥value at implant), respectively.ResultsOf 221 patients with attempted implants of the Tendril 2088 lead in the LBBA, 91.4% (202/221) had successful implants for LBBAP. Regardless of the LBBAP implant success, all patients were followed for at least 6 months (8.7 ± 7.3 months). Baseline characteristics: 44% female, 84% ≥65 years old, 34% coronary artery disease, and 86% of primary indications for pacemaker implant. Both primary safety and effectiveness endpoints were met (freedom from LBBAP lead‐related serious adverse device effects of 99.5% and electrical performance composite success rate of 93%). The capture thresholds in LBBAP at implant and 6 months were 0.8 ± 0.3 V@0.4 ± 0.1 ms and 0.8 ± 0.3 V@0.4 ± 0.1 ms. The rate of patients with capture threshold rise ≥1 V was 1.5% through 6 months. The R‐wave amplitudes in LBBAP at implant and 6 months were 9.3 ± 3.2 mV and 10.6 ± 3.0 mV.ConclusionsThis large multicenter study demonstrates that the stylet‐driven Tendril™ STS 2088 lead is safe and effective for LBBAP with high success and low complication rates.
Anoctamin‐like protein 1 regulates repolarization in Paramecium behavioral responses
Authors: Sakoshita Kana , Aratani Shotaro , Kameda Nana , Takebe Ryo , Tominaga Takashi , Ishida Masaki , Hori Manabu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractParamecium exhibits responsive behavior to environmental changes, moving either closer to or further away from stimuli. Electrophysiological experiments have revealed that these behavioral responses are controlled by membrane potentials. Anoctamin, a Ca2+‐activated Cl− channel, is involved in the regulation of membrane potential in mammals. However, it remains uncertain whether Cl− channels like anoctamin regulate Paramecium behavior. Herein, replacement of external Cl− ions with acetate ion and application of Cl− channel blocker niflumic acid (NFA, 0.1 μM) increased spontaneous avoiding reactions (sARs). Hence, we hypothesized that anoctamin is involved in the stabilization of membrane potential fluctuation. Paramecium cells in which the anoctamin‐like protein 1 gene was knocked down displayed frequent sARs in the culture medium without external stimulation. Treatment of anoctamin‐like protein 1‐knockdown cells with the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA or Ca‐channel blocker nicardipine reversed the increase in sARs. Electrophysiological experiments revealed extension of membrane depolarization when positive currents were applied to anoctamin‐like protein 1‐knockdown cells. We concluded that anoctamin‐like protein 1 works as a Cl‐channel and stabilizes the membrane potential oscillation, reducing sARs.
Study of curtaining effect reduction methods in Inconel 718 using a plasma focused ion beam
Authors: Jaime F. , Desbief S. , Silvent J. , Goupil G. , Bernacki M. , Bozzolo N. , Nicolaÿ A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe curtaining effect is a common challenge in focused ion beam (FIB) surface preparation. This study investigates methods to reduce this effect during plasma FIB milling of Inconel 718 (nickel‐based superalloy). Platinum deposition, silicon mask and XeF2 gas injection were explored as potential solutions. These methods were evaluated for two ion beam current conditions; a high ion beam intensity condition (30 kV–1 µA) and a medium one (30 kV–100 nA) and their impact on curtaining reduction and resulting cross‐section quality was assessed quantitatively thanks to topographic measurements done by atomic force microscopy (AFM). XeF2 assistance notably improved cross‐section quality at medium current level. Pt deposition and Si mask individually mitigated the curtaining effect, with greater efficacy at 100 nA. Both methods also contributed to reducing cross‐section curvature, with the Si mask outperforming Pt deposition. However, combining Pt deposition and Si mask with XeF2 injection led to deterioration of these protective layers and the reappearance of the curtaining effect after a quite short exposure time.
The climate‐induced changes in the life history of the common cuttlefish in the English Channel
Authors: Laptikhovsky Vladimir , Barrett Christopher J. , Barry Peter J. , Firmin Chris , MacLeod Eleanor , Stott Samantha , Vieira Rui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe population of common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis in the English Channel recently developed two life cycles: annual (spawning 1 y.o.) and biennial (spawning 2 y.o.) instead of the biennial strategy known before, associated with increasing environmental temperatures in recent decades because of climate changes. Both groups differ in the size of mature animals (110–196 mm mantle length vs. 140–262 mm) and the number of chambers in the cuttlebone (60–97 in annual vs. 93–152 in biennial). The annual group represented some 15%–20% of the population, and the proportion of early spawners increased during the reproductive period, from 3%–5% in February/March to 50%–70% in June/July. Among spawning cuttlefish males predominated as ~2:1. Such environmentally driven changes in historical ecology as exemplified by the cuttlefish might be a critical link in the adaptation of the cephalopod life cycles to changing ecosystems.
Intelligent design of shear wall layout based on diffusion models
Authors: Gu Yi , Huang Yuli , Liao Wenjie , Lu Xinzheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explores artificial intelligence (AI) for shear wall layout design, aiming to overcome challenges in data feature sparsity and the complexity of drawing representations in existing AI‐based methods. We pioneer an innovative method leveraging the potential of diffusion models, establishing a suitable drawing representation, and examining the impact of various conditions. The proposed image‐prompt diffusion model incorporating a mask tensor featuring tailored training methods demonstrates superior feature extraction and design effectiveness. A comparative study reveals the advanced capabilities of the Struct‐Diffusion model in capturing engineering designs and optimizing performance metrics such as inter‐story drift ratio (in elastic analysis), offering significant improvements over previous methods and paving the way for future innovations in intelligent designs.
Patient and caregiver characteristics associated with differential use of primary care for children and young people in the UK: a scoping review
Authors: Herbert Kevin , Herlitz Lauren , Woodman Jenny , Powell Claire , Morris Stephen 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo systematically map evidence to answer the research question:What is the relationship between the characteristics of children and young people (CYP) or their caregivers and primary care service use in the UK, taking into account underlying healthcare needs?DesignScoping review.SettingPrimary care.Eligibility criteriaEnglish-language quantitative or mixed-methods studies published between 2012 and 2022.Data sourcesMedline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science Social Sciences Citation Index, and grey literature.Results22 eligible studies were identified, covering general practice (n=14), dental health (n=4), child mental health (MN) services (n=3) and immunisation (n=1). Only eight studies (36%) controlled for variables associated with healthcare need (eg, age, birth weight and long-term conditions). In these, evidence of horizontal inequity in primary care use was reported for CYP living in deprived areas in England, with and without complex needs. Horizontal inequity was also identified in primary care MN referrals for CYP in England identifying as mixed-race, Asian or black ethnicity, compared with their white British peers. No evidence of horizontal inequity was observed, however, in primary care use for CYP in England exposed to parental depression, or for CYP children from low-income households in Scotland. Increasing CYP’s age was associated with decreasing primary care use across included studies. No studies were found regarding CYP from Gypsy or Traveller communities, children in care, or those with disabilities or special educational needs.ConclusionsThere is evidence that socioeconomic factors impact on CYP’s primary care use, in particular age, ethnicity and deprivation. However, better quality evidence is required to evaluate horizontal inequity in use and address knowledge gaps regarding primary care use for vulnerable CYP populations and the impact of policy and practice related ‘supply side’ of primary care.
Bridging Educational Grant in Nursing (BEGIN) students’ intentions for retention in long-term, home and community care: A survey protocol
Authors: Connelly Denise M , Hay Melissa Erin , Guitar Nicole Ann , Prentice Kristin 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionRetention of nurses in long-term care (LTC) and home and community care (HCC) settings is a growing concern. Previous evidence underscores factors which contribute to nurses’ intentions for retention in these sectors. However, perspectives of nursing students preparing to enter the workforce, and their intentions for short-term and long-term retention, remain unknown. This study aims to explore relationships between short-term and long-term intentions for retention with psychological empowerment, work engagement, career commitment, burnout, prosocial motivation, self-care and personal resilience among students enrolled in nursing educational bridging programs supported by the Bridging Educational Grant in Nursing (BEGIN) program in Ontario, Canada.Methods and analysisThis cross-sectional design study will use an open online survey to investigate perspectives of current nursing students enrolled in educational bridging programs on factors relating to psychological empowerment, work engagement, career commitment, resilience, burnout, prosocial motivation, self-care and intentions for retention. Additionally, the survey will collect demographic information, including age, gender, ethnicity, citizenship, income, family status, nursing role, and years of employment and/or education. Open-ended questions will elicit participants’ perspectives on financial considerations for career planning and other factors impacting intentions for retention. Descriptive data will be presented for contextualisation of participants’ demographic characteristics to enhance generalisability of the cohort. Descriptive statistics will be used to summarise participants’ scores on various assessment measures, as well as their short-term and long-term intentions for retention in LTC and HCC after completion of BEGIN. A Pearson’s product moment r correlation will determine relationships between intentions for retention and other measures, and linear regression will determine whether any potential correlations can be explained by regression.Ethics and disseminationThis research protocol received ethical approval from a research-intensive university research ethics board (#123211). Findings will be disseminated to nursing knowledge users in LTC and HCC through publications, conferences, social media and newsletters.
Minimising Adverse Drug Reactions and Verifying Economic Legitimacy-Pharmacogenomics Implementation in Children (MARVEL- PIC): protocol for a national randomised controlled trial of pharmacogenomics implementation
Authors: Conyers Rachel , Halman Andreas , Moore Claire , Stenta Tayla , Felmingham Ben , Collier Lane , Khatri Dhrita , Spelman Tim , Williams Elizabeth , Dyas Roxanne , Kotecha Rishi S , Jessop Sophie , Mateos Marion K , Swen Jesse , Elliott David A 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDNA-informed prescribing (termed pharmacogenomics, PGx) is the epitome of personalised medicine. Despite international guidelines existing, its implementation in paediatric oncology remains sparse.Methods and analysisMinimising Adverse Drug Reactions and Verifying Economic Legitimacy-Pharmacogenomics Implementation in Children is a national prospective, multicentre, randomised controlled trial assessing the impact of pre-emptive PGx testing for actionable PGx variants on adverse drug reaction (ADR) incidence in patients with a new cancer diagnosis or proceeding to haematopoetic stem cell transplant. All ADRs will be prospectively collected by surveys completed by parents/patients using the National Cancer Institute Pediatric Patient Reported [Ped-PRO]-Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (weeks 1, 6 and 12). Pharmacist will assess for causality and severity in semistructured interviews using the CTCAE and Liverpool Causality Assessment Tool. The primary outcome is a reduction in ADRs among patients with actionable PGx variants, where an ADR will be considered as any CTCAE grade 2 and above for non-haematological toxicities and any CTCAE grade 3 and above for haematological toxicities Cost-effectiveness of pre-emptive PGx (secondary outcome) will be compared with standard of care using hospital inpatient and outpatient data along with the validated Childhood Health Utility 9D Instrument. Power and statistics considerations: A sample size of 440 patients (220 per arm) will provide 80% power to detect a 24% relative risk reduction in the primary endpoint of ADRs (two-sided α=5%, 80% vs 61%), allowing for 10% drop-out.Ethics and disseminationThe ethics approval of the trial has been obtained from the Royal Children’s Hospital Ethics Committee (HREC/89083/RCHM-2022). The ethics committee of each participating centres nationally has undertaken an assessment of the protocol and governance submission.Trial registration numberNCT05667766.
“The highest in each class was a twilight baby”: scientific motherhood, twilight sleep and the eugenics movement inMcClure’s Magazine
Authors: Sanderson Jerika , Love Heather A 
Published: May 2024

In the early twentieth century, childbirth was increasingly being viewed as a medical experience in North America. Women were encouraged to engage with ‘scientific motherhood’ by adhering to medical advice and undergoing the latest medical and technological interventions. Two movements simultaneously emerged that engaged with scientific motherhood: the positive eugenics movement, which sought to encourage reproduction among specific groups, and the twilight sleep movement, which promoted the use of pain management during childbirth. While these two distinct movements had different goals, they intersected both in their intended audiences (white, middle-class and upper-class American women) and in their prioritisation of medical and scientific authority. This article builds on work that has identified connections between twilight sleep and the eugenics movement to consider the role of twentieth-century magazines in rhetorically linking the eugenics and twilight sleep movements, and how this contributed to constructing the cultural role of the ‘scientific mother’.As a key proponent of twilight sleep, the American monthly periodicalMcClure’s Magazineis the focus of this investigation. Articles published inMcClure’sincorporated the rhetoric of the eugenics movement to promote twilight sleep and ‘painless childbirth’, while also engaging with concerns of the eugenics movement by framing the falling birthrate among American women as a social and political problem. Alongside the rhetorical framing withinMcClure’sarticles, we focus on visual material such as photographs that exhibit ‘eugenic mothers’ and healthy ‘twilight sleep babies’ to promote the method’s safety and efficacy to American audiences. This article incorporates scholarship on early twentieth-century eugenics and photography, women’s involvement in the eugenics movement, and twilight sleep and the politics of women’s health. Through its analysis, this article demonstrates that the convergence of developments in obstetrics and the eugenics movement in popular media had complex implications for women’s reproductive agency in the early twentieth century.