bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analisis Kesalahan Siswa SMK dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Materi Barisan dan Deret
Authors: Septiahani Asri , Melisari  , Zanthy Luvy S 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki latar belakang yang membahas, bahwa materi Barisan dan Deret pada siswa sangat penting untuk menentukan tentang sebuah daftar bilangan yang mengurut dan memiliki suatu pola atau karakteristik tertentu dalam kehidupan nyata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat kesulitan siswa Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan untuk menyelesaikan soal materi Barisan dan Deret. Subyek yang digunakan adalah 12 orang siswa kelas XII di SMK Kartini Bhakti Mandiri Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif yang hasilnya diperoleh dari pemberian soal sesuai dengan indikator Barisan dan Deret. Analisis dilakukan dengan memberikan tes tertulis berbentuk soal uraian yang berjumlah 5 soal. Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah studi pendahuluan. Hasil analisis data dan pembahasan menjelaskan, bahwa kemampuan siswa pada materi Barisan dan Deret yang masih tergolong rendah. Dari rekapitulasi perhitungan yang telah dilakukan, didapat bahwa persentase kesalahan yang paling banyak dilakukan siswa yakni sekitar 84,5% pada indikator menyatakan suatu situasi atau masalah sehari-hari tentang Barisan dan Deret ke dalam bentuk model matematika dan menyelesaikannya.
This research has a background that discusses that the material Sequence and Series in students are very important to determine a list of numbers that sequence and have a certain pattern or characteristic in real life. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of difficulty of Vocational High School students to solve the Sequence and Series material problems. The subjects used were 12 students of class XII at SMK Kartini Bhakti Mandiri in West Bandung Regency. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive which results are obtained from the provision of questions following the Sequence and Series indicators. The analysis was carried out by giving a written test in the form of a description of a total of 5 questions. This research is a preliminary study. The results of the data analysis and discussion explained that the ability of students in the material Sequence and Series are still relatively low. From the recapitulation of calculations that have been done, it is found that the percentage of errors that most students make is around 84.5% on the indicator stating a daily situation or problem about Sequences and Series in the form of mathematical models and solving them.
Quantitative analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound and superb microvascular imaging for the evaluation of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Zhang Chi , Zheng Chunyao , Zhang Zhiqi , Yan Xueliang , Xu Jianhua , Gu Changyan , Nie Fang 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of conventional US (ultrasound), SMI (superb microvascular imaging), and CEUS (contrast-enhanced ultrasound) features for the assessment of the activity of inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: Conventional US, CEUS and SMI features of 76 patients were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into two groups: active group ( n = 57) and inactive group ( n = 19), with endoscopic results as reference standard. Results in the active group and inactive group were compared using an independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. Cut-off values were determined using ROC analysis, and sensitivity and specificity were calculated. US quantitative and TIC-based quantitative parameters were analyzed, and each patient was scored based on the parameters that are statistically significant and immediately available in the clinic to evaluate the diagnostic ability of conventional US, SMI, and CEUS features for active IBD patients. RESULTS: Qualitative parameters such as CEUS enhancement pattern I/II, LimbergIII/IV, and lost bowel stratification were reliable indicators of active patients. Quantitative parameters such as bowel thickness and VI of mSMI were reliable indicators of active patients. Patients scored based on these statistically significant parameters with a score ≥3, were highly suspected to be active patients. For TIC-based quantitative parameters, PE, WiAUC, WoAUC, WiWoAUC, WiR, WiPI, and WoR were statistically significant in the differentiation of active IBD from inactive IBD. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional US, SMI, and CEUS features may help in the differentiation of active IBD from inactive IBD and have potential application value in the choice of treatment options.
The Environmental Drivers of Beach Water Quality in Niagara
Authors: Tustin Jordan , Young Ian , Sanchez Johanna , Desta Binyam Negussie 
Published: May 2024

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<p>Understanding and predicting the environmental drivers of recreational water quality, measured by E. coli concentration, can support public health decision making. We present the results of analyses conducted at Niagara beaches.</p>
Different narcotic gases and concentrations for immobilization of ostrich embryos for in-ovo imaging
Authors: Perkas O. , Schmidt A. , Kuehnel C. , Greiser J. , Hermeyer H. , Klingner C. , Freesmeyer M. , Winkens T. 
Published: May 2024

In-ovo imaging using avian eggs has been described as a potential alternative to animal testing using rodents. However, imaging studies are hampered by embryonal motion producing artifacts. This study aims at systematically comparing isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane in three different concentrations in ostrich embryos. Biomagnetic signals of ostrich embryos were recorded analyzing cardiac action and motion. Ten groups comprising eight ostrich embryos each were investigated: Control, isoflurane (2%, 4%, and 6%), desflurane (6%, 12%, and 18%) and sevoflurane (3%, 5%, and 8%). Each ostrich egg was exposed to the same narcotic gas and concentration on development day (DD) 31 and 34. Narcotic gas exposure was upheld for 90 min and embryos were monitored for additional 75 min. Toxicity was evaluated by verifying embryo viability 24 h after the experiments. Initial heart rate of mean 148 beats/min (DD 31) and 136 beats/min (DD 34) decreased over time by 44–48 beats/minute. No significant differences were observed between groups. All narcotic gases led to distinct movement reduction after mean 8 min. Embryos exposed to desflurane 6% showed residual movements. Isoflurane 6% and sevoflurane 8% produced motion-free time intervals of mean 70 min after discontinuation of narcotic gas exposure. Only one embryo death occurred after narcotic gas exposure with desflurane 6%. This study shows that isoflurane, desflurane and sevoflurane are suitable for ostrich embryo immobilization, which is a prerequisite for motion-artifact free imaging. Application of isoflurane 6% and sevoflurane 8% is a) safe as no embryonal deaths occurred after exposure and b) effective as immobilization was observed for approx. 70 min after the end of narcotic gas exposure. These results should be interpreted with caution regarding transferability to other avian species as differences in embryo size and incubation duration exist.
Soft tissue material properties based on human abdominal in vivo macro-indenter measurements
Authors: Remus Robin , Sure Christian , Selkmann Sascha , Uttich Eike , Bender Beate 
Published: May 2024

Simulations of human-technology interaction in the context of product development require comprehensive knowledge of biomechanical in vivo behavior. To obtain this knowledge for the abdomen, we measured the continuous mechanical responses of the abdominal soft tissue of ten healthy participants in different lying positions anteriorly, laterally, and posteriorly under local compression depths of up to 30 mm. An experimental setup consisting of a mechatronic indenter with hemispherical tip and two time-of-flight (ToF) sensors for optical 3D displacement measurement of the surface was developed for this purpose. To account for the impact of muscle tone, experiments were conducted with both controlled activation and relaxation of the trunk muscles. Surface electromyography (sEMG) was used to monitor muscle activation levels. The obtained data sets comprise the continuous force-displacement data of six abdominal measurement regions, each synchronized with the local surface displacements resulting from the macro-indentation, and the bipolar sEMG signals at three key trunk muscles. We used inverse finite element analysis (FEA), to derive sets of nonlinear material parameters that numerically approximate the experimentally determined soft tissue behaviors. The physiological standard values obtained for all participants after data processing served as reference data. The mean stiffness of the abdomen was significantly different when the trunk muscles were activated or relaxed. No significant differences were found between the anterior-lateral measurement regions, with exception of those centered on the linea alba and centered on the muscle belly of the rectus abdominis below the intertubercular plane. The shapes and areas of deformation of the skin depended on the region and muscle activity. Using the hyperelastic Ogden model, we identified unique material parameter sets for all regions. Our findings confirmed that, in addition to the indenter force-displacement data, knowledge about tissue deformation is necessary to reliably determine unique material parameter sets using inverse FEA. The presented results can be used for finite element (FE) models of the abdomen, for example, in the context of orthopedic or biomedical product developments.
Effect of sustained decreases in sedentary time and increases in physical activity on liver enzymes and indices in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Haxhi Jonida , Vitale Martina , Mattia Lorenza , Giuliani Chiara , Sacchetti Massimo , Orlando Giorgio , Iacobini Carla , Menini Stefano , Zanuso Silvano , Nicolucci Antonio , Balducci Stefano , Pugliese Giuseppe 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundCurrent guidelines for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) recommend high volumes and/or intensities of physical activity (PA), the achievement of which generally requires participation in supervised exercise training programs that however are difficult to implement in routine clinical practice. Conversely, counselling interventions may be more suitable, but result in only modest increases in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA). This study assessed whether a counseling intervention for increasing PA and decreasing sedentary time (SED-time) is effective in improving NAFLD markers in people with type 2 diabetes.MethodsThree-hundred physically inactive and sedentary patients were randomized 1:1 to receive one-month theoretical and practical counseling once-a-year (intervention group) or standard care (control group) for 3 years. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γGT) levels were measured and fatty liver index (FLI), hepatic steatosis index (HSI), and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were calculated. Total PA volume, light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA), and SED-time were objectively measured by an accelerometer.ResultsThroughout the 3-year period, NAFLD markers did not change in the control group, whereas ALT, γGT, FLI, and HSI decreased in the intervention group, with significant between-group differences, despite modest MVPA increases, which however were associated with larger decrements in SED-time and reciprocal increments in LPA. Mean changes in NAFLD markers varied according to quartiles of (and correlated with) changes in MVPA (all markers) and SED-time, LPA, and PA volume (ALT, γGT, and HSI). Mean changes in MVPA or PA volume were independent predictors of changes in NAFLD markers. When included in the models, change in cardiorespiratory fitness and lower body muscle strength were independently associated with some NAFLD markers.ConclusionA behavior change involving all domains of PA lifestyle, even if insufficient to achieve the recommended MVPA target, may provide beneficial effects on NAFLD markers in people with type 2 diabetes.
Response of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in leaves of different life forms to altitude and soil factors in Tianshan wild fruit forest
Authors: Jia Xiande , Wu Limei , Ren Jiamin , Peng Xinyang , Lv Haiying 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThe ecological stoichiometric ratio of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus is an important index to understand the utilization and distribution of plant nutrients.MethodTo explore how leaf carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents, along with the stoichiometric ratio of different life forms of plants, respond to variations in altitude and soil physical and chemical properties, leaves and soil samples were collected from different life forms of plants at different altitudes (1,100~1,700 m) within the Guozigou region of the forest. Subsequently, the contents and ratios of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the leaves, as well as the physicochemical properties of the soil, were determined.ResultsThe results showed the following: (1) The three life forms of plants in the study area showed that the coefficient of variation of leaf carbon content was the smallest and the distribution was the most stable, while the coefficient of variation of carbon–nitrogen ratio was the largest. (2) Altitude had a significant effect on the carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus contents of different life form of plants, among which the leaf nitrogen content of trees, shrubs, and herbs increased significantly with altitude (p &lt; 0.01), the leaf phosphorus content of trees increased significantly with altitude (p &lt; 0.01), and the leaf C:N of the three life form of plants decreased significantly with altitude (p &lt; 0.01). The C:P of the arbor decreased significantly with altitude (p &lt; 0.05), and the N:P of shrub and herb leaves increased significantly with altitude (p &lt; 0.01). (3) Soil organic carbon and soil moisture content were the main environmental factors affecting the changes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in leaves of arbors, and nitrate nitrogen was the main environmental factor affecting the changes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in leaves of shrubs. Available phosphorus affected the changes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus in the leaves of herbaceous plants.DiscussionThe results provide new insights into community-level biogeographical patterns and potential factors of leaf stoichiometry among plant life forms.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in peripheral blood as predictive biomarkers in patients with solid tumors undergoing immune checkpoint therapy: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Möller Maximilian , Orth Vanessa , Umansky Viktor , Hetjens Svetlana , Braun Volker , Reißfelder Christoph , Hardt Julia , Seyfried Steffen 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundImmunotherapeutic approaches, including immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, are increasingly recognized for their potential. Despite notable successes, patient responses to these treatments vary significantly. The absence of reliable predictive and prognostic biomarkers hampers the ability to foresee outcomes. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the predictive significance of circulating myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in patients with solid tumors undergoing ICI therapy, focusing on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed across PubMed and EMBASE from January 2007 to November 2023, utilizing keywords related to MDSC and ICI. We extracted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) directly from the publications or calculated them based on the reported data. A hazard ratio greater than 1 indicated a beneficial effect of low MDSC levels. We assessed heterogeneity and effect size through subgroup analyses.ResultsOur search yielded 4,023 articles, of which 17 studies involving 1,035 patients were included. The analysis revealed that patients with lower levels of circulating MDSC experienced significantly improved OS (HR=2.13 [95% CI 1.51–2.99]) and PFS (HR=1.87 [95% CI 1.29–2.72]) in response to ICI therapy. Notably, heterogeneity across these outcomes was primarily attributed to differences in polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC) subpopulations and varying cutoff methodologies used in the studies. The monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) subpopulation emerged as a consistent and significant prognostic marker across various subgroup analyses, including ethnicity, tumor type, ICI target, sample size, and cutoff methodology.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that standardized assessment of MDSC, particularly M-MDSC, should be integral to ICI therapy strategies. These cells hold the promise of identifying patients at risk of poor response to ICI therapy, enabling tailored treatment approaches. Further research focusing on the standardization of markers and validation of cutoff methods is crucial for integrating MDSC into clinical practice.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023420095, identifier CRD42023420095.
The effectiveness of dexmedetomidine for preventing acute kidney injury after surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhao Jing , Tang Ming-hao , Shen Qi-hong , Xu Ding-chao 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPostoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious and distressing complication connected to various adverse outcomes following the surgical operation. Controversy remains regarding the dexmedetomidine’s preventive impact on postoperative AKI. Therefore, this investigation aims to explore the efficiency and safety of dexmedetomidine in preventing AKI after surgical operation.MethodsWe systematically searched electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library to detect eligible randomized controlled studies that used dexmedetomidine for the prevention of AKI following operation up to April 30, 2023. The main outcome evaluated was AKI incidence. The evidence quality was assessed employing the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation.ResultsThe meta-analysis included 25 trials, including 3,997 individuals. Of these, 2,028 were in the dexmedetomidine group, and 1,969 were in the control group. The result showed that patients administered dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the AKI incidence following surgical operation in contrast to the control group (risk ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence intervals, 0.45–0.78; p &lt; 0.05; I2 = 46%). In addition, dexmedetomidine decreased the period of hospitalization in both the intensive care unit (ICU) and the hospital while also reducing postoperative delirium (POD) occurrence. However, dexmedetomidine elevated the incidence of bradycardia but did not have a significant impact on other indicators.ConclusionOur meta-analysis indicates that the dexmedetomidine treatment reduces the postoperative AKI and POD risk while also shortening the time of hospitalization in the ICU and hospital. However, it is connected to an increased bradycardia risk.
Diazepam nasal spray administration is effective to control seizure clusters irrespective of time of day
Authors: Liow Kore , Wheless James W. , Cook David F. , Rabinowicz Adrian L. , Carrazana Enrique 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionNeurologic circadian influences, including sleep/wake transitions, processes (e.g., hormonal variation), and behavioral patterns (e.g., consumption of food and oral medications), may affect seizure patterns. Specific circadian patterns of seizures have been reported depending on type, onset location, and severity; however, data on patterns for patients with seizure clusters and effectiveness of rescue therapy by time of day are limited.MethodsWe conducted post hoc analyses using patient diary data from the phase 3 safety study of diazepam nasal spray, which is indicated for acute treatment of seizure clusters in patients with epilepsy aged ≥6 years. Patients were administered age- and weight-based doses; second doses could be administered if needed to control a seizure cluster. We assessed clock timing of seizure-cluster onset along with second-dose use as a proxy for effectiveness. Treatment-emergent adverse events were recorded.ResultsSeizure-cluster onset was observed to be generally highest during mornings and late evenings and lowest in the early evening and middle of the night. Second-dose use was not consistently associated with a specific time of day. The safety profile was consistent with that expected from previous studies of diazepam nasal spray.ConclusionThese results suggest that diazepam nasal spray can be effectively administered at any time of day.
Exploring the rules of related parameters in acupuncture for post-stroke dysphagia based on data mining
Authors: Wu Minmin , Song Wenjing , Wang Xue , Tang Qiang , Gao Weibin , Zhu Luwen 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPost-stroke dysphagia (PSD) affects the efficacy and safety of swallowing, causing serious complications. Acupuncture is a promising and cost-effective treatment for PSD; however, as the number of randomized controlled trials increases, scientific analysis of the parameters and acupoint prescription is required. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of acupuncture on parameters related to post-stroke dysphagia (PSD).MethodsWe searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature, and Chongqing VIP Database for randomized controlled trials of acupuncture for PSD in the last 15 years and relevant parameters were analyzed using data mining techniques.ResultsIn total, 3,205 records were identified, of which 3,507 patients with PSD were included in 39 studies. The comprehensive analysis demonstrated that the closest parameter combinations of acupuncture on PSD were 0.25 mm × 40 mm needle size, 30 min retention time, five treatments per week, and a 4-week total course of treatment. Additionally, the gallbladder and nontraditional meridians, crossing points, and head and neck sites are the most commonly used acupoint parameters. The core acupoints identified were GB20, RN23, EX-HN14, Gongxue, MS6, SJ17, EX-HN12, EX-HN13, and the commonly used combination of EX-HN12, EX-HN13, GB20, and RN23.ConclusionThis study analyzed the patterns of PSD-related needling and acupoint parameters to provide evidence-based guidelines for clinical acupuncturists in treating PSD, potentially benefitting affected patients.