bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The diurnal distribution of cladocerans in a bed of Myriophyllum verticillatum in Lake Wielkowiejskie
Authors: Basińska Anna , Cichocka Monika , Kuczyńska-Kippen Natalia 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
The main aim of the study was to analyze diurnal changes in the composition and dynamics of the cladoceran community among three stations located along a horizontal transect that included the central part of a Myriophyllum verticillatum bed at the perimeter of a macrophyte stand and the open water zone of neighboring vegetated stations.
Typically littoral species distinctly dominated the material examined. Ceriodaphnia quadrangula significantly influenced the total crustacean community.
The maximum abundance of littoral species was noted in the middle part of the plant stand while the minimum was in the open water. These species revealed a similar pattern of diurnal distribution, irrespective of the station, with the highest numbers at night and the lowest during the day and morning. A similar pattern of diurnal distribution was also observed for pelagic species that exhibited significant differences in the open water zone between the day (the lowest numbers) and night (the highest) samplings.
It was suggested that the diurnal distribution of cladoceran representatives between the macrophyte bed and the open water zone of Lake Wielkowiejskie might have been influenced by young fish predation (pelagic species) and by typical adaptations of particular species to living within the heterogeneous habitat of a macrophyte stand (littoral species).
The effects of abiotic conditions on release of biogenic substances from bottom sediments
Authors: Sobczyński Tadeusz 
Published: April 2009

Abstract
The effects of abiotic environmental conditions, such as water oxygen content, pH and temperature, on the release of biogenic substances (mainly orthophosphates) from bottom sediments were examined in freshly collected samples from Lake Góreckie, Wielkopolski National Park. It was observed that their release was favoured by anaerobic conditions, alkaline pH and elevated temperatures, which are conditions naturally occurring in surface waters, especially in reservoirs of higher trophy.
Potential of Oyster Mushrooms for the Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Nematode (Heterodera Schachtii)
Authors: Palizi Parisa , Goltapeh E. , Pourjam Ebrahim , Safaie Naser 
Published: April 2009

Potential of Oyster Mushrooms for the Biocontrol of Sugar Beet Nematode (Heterodera Schachtii)The potential of oyster mushrooms to attack and kill sugar beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) was studied. The ability ofPleurotus ostreatus, P. sajor-caju, P. florida, P. flabellatus, P. ostreatus(sporeless),P. eryngiiandHypsizygus ulmariusto prey on the cyst nematode was confirmed. Nematodes were inoculated on water agar plates on which a single sparse fungal colony of one of the above mentioned fungi was grown. Nematodes were quickly immobilized after inoculation the plates with eachPleurotusspecies, with mortality of about 96%, 72%, 55%, 52%, 20%, 23% and 62%, respectively. Nematicidal activities of culture filtrates ofPleurotusspecies andH. ulmariusagainstH. schachtiiwere also studiedin vitro.Extracts ofP. ostreatuscould paralyse 90% of nematodes whereasP. eryngiicould paralyse only 50% of nematodes. The efficacy of old mushroom compost from cultures ofP. ostreatusandP. sajor-cajuin controlling cysts on sugar beet (Beta vulgarisICI) were studied under greenhouse conditions. The results showed that 100 and 200 grams of mushroom compost per 3 kilogram/pot could significantly control cysts, reducing more than 85% cysts in soil. Presence of cysts on the roots and larvae inside roots were compared with the control treatment.
Analysis of Cyst and Cone Top Morphometrics of Indian Populations of Maize Cyst Nematode
Authors: Abdollahi Mohammad 
Published: April 2009

Analysis of Cyst and Cone Top Morphometrics of Indian Populations of Maize Cyst NematodeHierarchical cluster analysis based on cyst and cone top morphometric means including cyst length, cyst width, cyst length to cyst width ratio, vulval slit length, vulval bridge length, vulval bridge breadth, under bridge breadth, length of fenestra, breadth of fenestra, distance from anus to fenestra and number of secondary bullae was used to learn more about cyst and cone top morphometric means and their relationships for six populations ofHeterodera zeaefrom Indore, Ludhiana, Delhi, Udaipur, Kanpur and Samastipur by using SPSS 13 for Windows computer software (SPSS Inc.). Values of proximity matrix based on cluster analysis of morphometrics and the dendrograms visually illustrated the grouping and relationships among populations. Intra specific variations in the different characters of the cone top structure revealed that Indore and Samastipur populations ofH. zeaewere different as compared to other ones ofH. zeae.Cluster analysis of cyst morphometrics showed that the populations ofH. zeaefrom Kanpur and Delhi were different as compare to other four ones.
Inhibitory Effects of Powdered Caraway and Peppermint Extracts on Pea Root Rot under Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: El-Mougy Nehal , Alhabeb Rokayah 
Published: April 2009

Inhibitory Effects of Powdered Caraway and Peppermint Extracts on Pea Root Rot under Greenhouse ConditionsThe effects of caraway and peppermint extracts was evaluated at concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%, respectively on the radial mycelial growth ofSclerotium rolfsii.High significant inhibitory effect on radial fungal growth was observed with different concentrations of each of plant extracts. Concentration of 6% and more of the two extracts in combination were able to cause complete growth inhibition of the tested fungus. In greenhouse, the efficacy of plant extracts in addition to the fungicide Rizolex-T as seed dressing on pea root rot incidence was evaluated in pot experiment using soil artificially infested with the disease agent. All treatments showed a significant reduction in disease incidence compared with the control treatment. Rizolex-T followed by combination of caraway and peppermint extracts as a mixture showed superior reduction effect on root rot disease incidence at pre-, and post-emergence growth stages than individual treatment with each of extracts. The usage of caraway and peppermint extracts for seed dressing before sowing might be applied as control measure for controlling root rot diseases.
Diabrotica Virgifera Le Conte in Poland in 2005-2007 and Regulations in the Control of the Pest in 2008
Authors: Konefał Tomasz , Bereś Paweł 
Published: April 2009

Diabrotica VirgiferaLe Conte in Poland in 2005-2007 and Regulations in the Control of the Pest in 2008Diabrotica virgiferaLe Conte has been present in Poland since 2005. The range of its distribution increased in 2006 and 2007.D. virgiferais known from areas of nine voivodeships in Southern and partially Central Poland. Current control strategy is based on containment measures to limit the spread of the pest from regions where it has occurred. This strategy includes the application of specific phytosanitary measures in defined parts of the country.
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Gene and Plasma Pro-ANP Concentration in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma
Authors: Baumane Kristīne , Pliss Liāna , Laganovska Guna 
Published: April 2009

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Gene and Plasma Pro-ANP Concentration in Patients with Primary Open-Angle GlaucomaAtrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) appears to have a physiological role in volume and pressure homeostasis. Increased cardiac expression and synthesis of ANP suggest a possible local paracrine function in a number of tissues including the eye. Therefore, the identification of genetic markers may prove to be an important advance in the diagnosis of patients with glaucoma and hypertension. Plasma pro-ANP concentration was measured in 30 clinical patients. A significant elevated level of prehormone was observed in glaucoma patients with blood hypertension. Also, the distribution of the genotypes and alleles of the HpaII, SmaI and ScaI polymorphisms of the ANP gene was examined in 20 hypertensive patients with glaucoma and normotensive controls. The frequencies of the ANP genotypes and alleles did not differ significantly between controls and hypertensive patients. PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction—restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis shows a T2238→C transition in three hypertensive patients within the stop codon leading to the translation of ANP with an additional arginine. In the current study we also searched for any alterations in the 5' proximal promoter region of the ANP gene (-595 bp - -384 bp) in 20 glaucoma patients with hypertension using PCR-based SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis. No significant alterations in the 5' proximal promoter region of the ANP gene were observed among hypertensive patients. The structure of the ANP hormone encoded gene suggests potential importance in various diseases, but the regulatory function of ANP in the eye requires further investigations.
Hearing preservation in surgery for large vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Wanibuchi Masahiko , Fukushima Takanori , McElveen John T. , Friedman Allan H. 
Published: April 2009

Object
Hearing preservation remains a challenging problem in vestibular schwannoma (VS) surgery. The ability to preserve hearing in patients with large tumors is subject to particular difficulty. In this study, the authors focus on hearing preservation in patients harboring large VSs.

Methods
A total of 344 consecutive patients underwent surgical removal of VSs over the past 9 years. Of these 344 cases, 195 VSs were > 20 mm in maximum cisternal diameter. Of the 195 cases, hearing preservation surgery was attempted for 54 patients who had a Class A, B, C, or D preoperative hearing level; that is, a pure tone average ≤ 60 dB and speech discrimination score ≥ 50% according to the Sanna/Fukushima classification. The tumors were classified as moderately large (21–30 mm based on the largest extrameatal diameter), large (31–40 mm), and giant (≥ 41 mm) according to the international criteria. The authors categorized patients with Class A, B, C, D, or E hearing (pure tone average ≤ 80 dB and speech discrimination score ≥ 40%) as having preserved hearing postoperatively.

Results
Forty-one tumors (75.9%) were totally removed and 13 (24.1%) had near-total removal. Of the 54 patients, 29 maintained their hearing postoperatively; the overall hearing preservation rate was 53.7%. Analysis based on the preoperative hearing level showed that hearing was preserved in 14 (77.8%) of 18 cases for Class A; in 8 (47.1%) of 17 cases for Class B; in 4 (57.1%) of 7 cases for Class C; and in 3 (25.0%) of 12 cases for Class D. In addition, according to the analysis based on the tumor size, 20 (52.6%) of 38 patients with moderately large tumors retained their hearing, as did 5 (50.0%) of 10 patients with large tumors and 4 (66.7%) of 6 patients with giant tumors. Complications included 2 cases of bacterial meningitis that were cured by intravenous injection of antibiotics, 3 cases of subcutaneous CSF leakage that resolved without any surgical repair, and 1 case of temporary abducent nerve palsy. There were no deaths in this series.

Conclusions
The results indicate that successful hearing preservation surgery in large VSs is possible with meticulous technique and attention to adhesions between the tumor and the cochlear nerves.
Long-term seizure outcomes in adult patients undergoing primary resection of malignant brain astrocytomas
Authors: Chaichana Kaisorn L. , Parker Scott L. , Olivi Alessandro , Quiñones-Hinojosa Alfredo 
Published: April 2009

Object
Seizures are a common presenting symptom and cause of morbidity for patients with malignant astrocytomas. The authors set out to determine preoperative seizure characteristics, effects of surgery on seizure control, and factors associated with prolonged seizure control in patients with malignant astrocytomas.

Methods
Cases involving adult patients who underwent primary resection of a hemispheric anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions between 1996 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed. Multivariate logistical regression analysis was used to identify associations with pre-operative seizures, and multivariate proportional hazards regression analyses were used to identify associations with prolonged seizure control following resection.

Results
Of the 648 patients (505 with GBM, 143 with AA) in this series, 153 (24%) presented with seizures. The factors more commonly associated with preoperative seizures were AA pathology (p = 0.03), temporal lobe involvement (p = 0.04), and cortical location (p = 0.04), while the factors less commonly associated with preoperative seizures were greater age (p = 0.03) and larger tumor size (p ≤ 0.001). Among those patients with a history of seizures, outcome 12 months after surgery was Engel Class I (seizure free) in 77%, Class II (rare seizures) in 12%, Class III (meaningful improvement) in 6%, and Class IV (no improvement) in 5%. Postoperative seizures were rare in patients without a history of preoperative seizures. The factor positively associated with prolonged seizure control was increased Karnofsky Performance Scale score (p = 0.002), while the factors negatively associated with seizure control were preoperative uncontrolled seizures (p = 0.03) and parietal lobe involvement (p = 0.005). Seizure recurrence in patients with postoperative seizure control was independently associated with tumor recurrence (p = 0.006).

Conclusions
The identification and consideration of factors associated with prolonged seizure control may help guide treatment strategies aimed at improving the quality of life for patients with malignant astrocytomas.
Interleukin 17 (IL-17) Increases the Expression of Toll-like Receptor-2, 4, and 9 by Increasing IL-1β and IL-6 Production in Autoimmune Arthritis
Authors: LEE JUN-HEE , CHO MI-LA , KIM JU-IN , MOON YOUNG-MEE , OH HYE-JWA , KIM GEUN-TAE , RYU SUN , BAEK SEUNG-HOON , LEE SUN-HEE , KIM HO-YOUN , KIM SUNG-IL 
Published: April 2009

Objective.To examine the effect of interleukin 17 (IL-17) on the expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-2, 4, and 9 in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice.Methods.On Days 28 and 32 after induction of CIA in mice, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS group) or IL-17 (IL-17 group) was injected into both knee joints. On Day 35, mice were sacrificed. The severity of knee joint arthritis, synovial inflammation, and bone destruction was measured by a scoring system using macrography and histological analysis. Synovial expression of TLR-2, 4, 9, IL-17, IL-1ß, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6 was determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Synoviocytes of CIA mice were cultured with IL-17 and with neutralizing antibodies to cytokine, and the expression of TLR-2, 4, 9, IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6 was determined by real-time RT-PCR.Results.In CIA mice, knee arthritis scores, synovial inflammation, bone destruction scores, and expression of synovial TLR-2, 4, and 9, IL-17, IL-1ß, TNF-α and IL-6 were higher in the IL-17 and PBS groups than in normal DBA1 mice. These variables were also significantly higher in the IL-17 group than in the PBS group. In CIA synoviocytes, IL-17 increased the expression of TLR-2, 4, and 9, and this effect was significantly alleviated by neutralizing antibodies to IL-17, IL-1ß, and IL-6.Conclusion.IL-17 aggravates joint inflammation and destruction, and increases the synovial expression of TLR-2, 4, and 9 by increasing IL-1ß and IL-6. These results imply that the IL-17-induced increase in expression of TLR-2, 4, and 9, and IL-1ß and IL-6 production are involved in the IL-17-induced aggravation of arthritis.
Serum Levels of Ficolin-3 (Hakata Antigen) in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: ANDERSEN TRINE , MUNTHE-FOG LEA , GARRED PETER , JACOBSEN SØREN 
Published: April 2009

Objective.Ficolin-3 is a serum protein of putative importance in autoimmunity. Our objective was to investigate any differential expression of ficolin-3 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or its clinical subsets.Methods.Serum levels of ficolin-3 (S-ficolin-3) were determined in 95 patients with SLE and 103 healthy controls using an ELISA.Results.Median S-ficolin-3 was 56.1 μg/ml (range 0 to ≥ 87.3) and 32.4 μg/ml (10 to ≥ 87.3) in patients and controls, respectively (p < 0.001). Increased S-ficolin-3 was associated with hemolysis, positive Coombs test, and lymphopenia, but not with SLE Disease Activity Index scores or C-reactive protein. In one patient without detectable S-ficolin-3, the FCN3 gene appeared normal.Conclusion.The elevation of S-ficolin-3 and its association with specific manifestations in SLE may indicate a pathogenetic role of ficolin-3 in SLE.
Effect of Bosentan on Plasma Markers of Endothelial Cell Activity in Patients with Secondary Pulmonary Hypertension Related to Connective Tissue Diseases
Authors: CELLA GIUSEPPE , VIANELLO FABRIZIO , COZZI FRANCO , MAROTTA HELGA , TONA FRANCESCO , SAGGIORATO GRAZIELLA , IQBAL OMER , FAREED JAWED 
Published: April 2009

Objective.To evaluate plasma markers of endothelial cell activity in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) induced by connective tissue diseases (CTD) before and after 3-month administration of bosentan.Methods.We quantified E, L and P-selectin (sE-S, sL-S, sP-S), thrombomodulin (TM), monocyte-chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), human soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), and nitric oxide (NO) in 18 patients and 18 controls. We evaluated right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT).Results.All plasma markers but sL-S and TM at Time 0 were significantly higher in patients compared with controls. After 3 months of therapy, decreased levels were noted in NO (Time 0 24.05 ± 6.01 mmol/l, Time 1 13.92 ± 3.40 mmol/l; p < 0.001) and sCD40L (Time 0 1685.33 ± 866 pg/ml, Time 1 1055.11 ± 630.6 pg/ml; p = 0.017). In contrast, sP-S was significantly increased (Time 0 88.36 ± 47.76 ng/ml, Time 1 147.21 ± 94.43 ng/ml; p = 0.021). All patients remained stable in WHO class III, and in 9 patients we noted an improvement in 6-MWT. A correlation was found between Δ of RVSP and 6-MWT (r2= 0.5355, p < 0.001) as well as between Δ-sP-S and both Δ-6-MWT and Δ-RVSP. An increase sP-S level was found in 89% of nonresponder patients, whereas 55% of responders showed a stable or reduced sP-S level (p = 0.016 responder vs nonresponder).Conclusion.Treatment with bosentan for 3 months induced a beneficial effect by restoring endothelial function through a decrease in the markers of endothelial cell activity, leading to stabilization or improvement of severe PAH.
Autoantibodies to Tumor Necrosis Factor in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: ROSENAU BARBARA J. , SCHUR PETER H. 
Published: April 2009

Objective.To detect autoantibodies to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to determine their clinical correlates.Methods.Ninety-two patients with RA and 62 with SLE were studied. Sera were examined for autoantibodies to TNF by enzyme linked immunoassay. Levels of these autoantibodies were analyzed in respect to markers of inflammation such as erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and joint erosions, as well as other clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic aspects of RA and SLE.Results.Anti-TNF levels were higher in those RA patients without erosions, but did not correlate with ESR or CRP.Conclusion.These observations suggest that autoantibody anti-TNF may be part of the innate immune system and may contribute to decreased inflammation in patients with RA.
Circulating Leptin and Adiponectin Concentrations During Tumor Necrosis Factor Blockade in Patients with Active Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: POPA CALIN , NETEA MIHAI G. , de GRAAF JACQUELINE , van den HOOGEN FRANK H.J. , RADSTAKE TIMOTHY R.D.J. , TOENHAKE-DIJKSTRA HELGA , van RIEL PIET L.C.M. , van der MEER JOS W.M. , STALENHOEF ANTON F.H. , BARRERA PILAR 
Published: April 2009

Objective.Adipocytokines, including leptin and adiponectin, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the effects of longterm therapeutic tumor necrosis factor (TNF) blockade on adipocytokine concentrations in patients with RA.Methods.We studied 58 RA patients starting anti-TNF therapy and 58 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI). Fasting blood samples were drawn at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 months after the start of anti-TNF therapy and serum levels of leptin and adiponectin were measured.Results.Patients with RA had increased adiponectin (p < 0.001) and similar leptin concentrations compared with the controls. Leptin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with high BMI (p < 0.001) and correlated positively with BMI at all timepoints (r > 0.75). In contrast, serum adiponectin tended to be higher in lean RA patients and did not correlate with BMI at any timepoint. There were no clear correlations between serum concentrations of adipocytokines and disease activity (Disease Activity Score 28). Short or longterm TNF blockade alone had no influence on circulating leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Patients treated with anti-TNF and concomitant corticosteroids on a stable basis showed a significant decrease in adiponectin levels after 6 months of therapy (p < 0.025).Conclusion.In patients with RA, chronic inflammation and its suppression during anti-TNF therapy have limited influence on plasma leptin concentrations, while significantly decreasing circulating adiponectin levels. Our findings question the suggested key role of inflammatory markers in regulating adipocytokine patterns in RA.
Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies Distinguish Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-associated Arthropathy from Concomitant Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients with Chronic HBV Infection
Authors: LIM MI-KYOUNG , SHEEN DONG-HYUK , LEE YUN JUNG , MUN YOU RI , PARK MIRA , SHIM SEUNG-CHEOL 
Published: April 2009

Objective.To determine whether anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, which are a highly specific test for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), could differentiate between hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated arthropathy and concomitant RA in Korean patients with chronic HBV infection.Methods.We investigated 240 patients with HBV infection. Anti-CCP antibodies were measured by ELISA and rheumatoid factor (RF) by the latex fixation test. Patient records were reviewed, and a standard form was used to record all demographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to joint symptoms: asymptomatic, arthralgia, oligoarthritis, and RA. We categorized liver disease into 3 groups: carrier, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis.Results.Anti-CCP antibodies and RF were detected in 11 and 28 of 240 patients, respectively. Anti-CCP antibodies were detected in 9 of 10 RA (90%) and 2 of 230 non-RA patients (0.86%). The positive rate for RF was 90% in RA and 8.3% in non-RA. Eight of 10 RA patients were positive for both RF and anti-CCP antibodies. RF was detected in 11 patients without joint symptoms, 4 with arthralgia, and 4 with oligoarthritis, whereas anti-CCP antibodies were found in 1 patient without joint symptoms and 1 with oligoarthritis. Specificity of anti-CCP antibody for RA was 99.1%, whereas RF showed 91.7% specificity (p < 0.0002). We compared the titers and positive detection rates of anti-CCP antibodies and RF among liver disease subgroups. There was no significant between–subgroup difference.Conclusion.Measurement of anti-CCP antibodies is better than RF detection to discriminate HBV-associated arthropathy from concomitant RA in patients with chronic HBV infection.