bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost‐effectiveness of combination versus sequential docetaxel and carboplatin for the treatment of platinum‐sensitive, recurrent ovarian cancer
Authors: Havrilesky Laura J. , Pokrzywinski Robin , Revicki Dennis , Higgins Robert V. , Nycum Lawrence R. , Kohler Matthew F. , Berchuck Andrew , Myers Evan R. , Secord Angeles Alvarez 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:In a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of patients with recurrent, platinum‐sensitive ovarian cancer, the combination weekly docetaxel and carboplatin was associated a with progression‐free survival (PFS) of 13.7 months compared with 8.4 months for sequential, single‐agent docetaxel followed by carboplatin. The objective of the current study was to construct a cost‐utility model to compare these 2 regimens with the incorporation of prospectively collected quality‐of‐life (QoL) data.METHODS:An RCT of concurrent docetaxel and carboplatin (cDC) versus docetaxel followed by carboplatin (sequential docetaxel and carboplatin [sDC]) was the basis for a Markov decision model, and the primary effectiveness outcome was PFS. Costs were estimated using US dollars based on Medicare reimbursements for chemotherapy regimens, bone marrow support, and management of adverse events. QoL data obtained using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy‐General questionnaire were converted to utilities. Costs and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were reported in US dollars per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY). Extensive 1‐way sensitivity analyses and a Monte Carlo probabilistic sensitivity analysis were performed.RESULTS:The least expensive strategy was sDC, which cost an average of $20,381, compared with cDC, which cost an average of $25,122. cDC had an ICER of $25,239 per QALY compared with sDC. cDC remained cost‐effective, with an ICER <$50,000 per QALY, over a range of costs and estimates. In Monte Carlo sensitivity analysis using a $50,000 per QALY willingness‐to‐pay threshold, cDC was either dominant or cost‐effective with an ICER <$50,000 per QALY in 83% of simulations.CONCLUSIONS:Combined weekly cDC appeared to be cost‐effective compared with sDC as treatment strategy for patients with platinum‐sensitive ovarian cancer, even when accounting for slightly lower QoL during treatment. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Efficient delivery of radical cystectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for muscle‐invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Alva Ajjai S. , Tallman Christopher T. , He Chang , Hussain Maha H. , Hafez Khaled , Montie James E. , Smith David C. , Weizer Alon Z. , Wood David , Lee Cheryl T. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cystectomy delay >90 days after a diagnosis of muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) adversely affects pathologic stage and survival outcomes in patients who undergo primary surgery. After neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), the impact of the timing of cystectomy delivery on these outcomes is uncertain. Poor communication between urologic and medical oncologists can result in cystectomy delay after systemic treatment. The authors of this report hypothesized that a delay in cystectomy delivery after NAC is associated with adverse survival outcomes.METHODS:An eligible cohort of 153 patients with MIBC received NAC and underwent radical cystectomy between 1990 and 2007. At the authors' institution, the genitourinary team strives to schedule patients for surgery at the time of initial evaluation or after their first chemotherapy cycle. Clinicopathologic characteristics, including timing of cystectomy, chemotherapy delivery, vital status, and reasons for excessive surgical delay, were analyzed retrospectively using an institutional database. A Cox proportional regression model was used to test the association between the timing of cystectomy delivery and survival.RESULTS:The median follow‐up for all patients was 3.6 years. The median time to cystectomy was 16.6 weeks and 6.9 weeks from the first and last day of NAC, respectively. In multivariate analyses, the timing of cystectomy delivery from the termination of NAC did not significantly alter the risk of survival. The most common reason for cystectomy delivery beyond 10 weeks (28 patients; 18%) was procedural scheduling.CONCLUSIONS:Cystectomy delivery within 10 weeks after NAC did not compromise patient survival and, thus, provided a reasonable window for patient recovery and surgical intervention. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Reduce‐complexity fuzzy‐inference‐based iterative multiuser detection for wireless communication systems
Authors: Hung Ho‐Lung , Wen Jyh‐Horng 
Published: May 2011

SUMMARYIn recent years, combining multiuser detection and intelligence computer scheme have received considerable attention. In this paper, adaptive fuzzy‐inference multistage matrix wiener filtering (FI‐MMWF) techniques, based on the minimum mean‐square error criterion, are proposed for ultra‐wideband (UWB) impulse radio communication systems. These FI‐MMWF‐based algorithms employ a time‐varying fuzzy‐inference‐controlled filter stage. Consequently, the proposed approaches accomplish a substantial saving in complexity without trading off the system performance and dynamic‐tracking characteristic. In addition, the fuzzy‐logic‐controlled matrix conjugate gradient algorithm is adopted to reduce the system complexity without trading off the bit‐error‐rate (BER). Simulations are conducted to evaluate the convergence and tracking behavior of the proposed MMWF algorithm, and the BER of the time‐hopping‐UWB system in a realistic UWB channel is investigated. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An analysis of legal highs—do they contain what it says on the tin?
Authors: Baron Mark , Elie Mathieu , Elie Leonie 
Published: May 2011

In recent years the availability of so‐called legal highs over the Internet has hugely increased. Numerous online legal‐high retailers market a broad variety of products which are advertised as research chemicals, bath salts, or plant food although clearly intended for human consumption as recreational drug replacements. No guidelines exist as to what is sold and in what purity. Consumers are led to believe that purchased goods are entirely legal.In this study, several legal‐high products were purchased and analyzed for their content. The powdered products were screened with attenuated total reflectance—Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR‐FTIR) followed by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) analysis of methanol extracts. Spectra were compared to reference standards and the NIST library.Results showed that 6 out of 7 products did not contain the advertised active ingredient. Moreover, five samples contained the controlled substances benzylpiperazine and 1‐[3‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]piperazine combined with caffeine. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Orthomolybdates in the Cs–FeII,III–Mo–O System: Cs4Fe(MoO4)3, Cs2Fe2(MoO4)3 and CsFe5(MoO4)7
Authors: Namsaraeva Touyana , Bazarov Bair , Mikhailova Daria , Kuratieva Natalia , Sarapulova Angelina , Senyshyn Anatoliy , Ehrenberg Helmut 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThree new complex molybdenum oxides – Cs2Fe2(MoO4)3, Cs4Fe(MoO4)3 and CsFe5(MoO4)7 – with average oxidation states of Fe +2 and +2.6 were obtained during a study of phase formation in the system Cs–FeII,III–Mo–O and investigated by X‐ray single‐crystal analysis at room temperature and 100 K. The structure of cubic Cs2Fe2(MoO4)3 [P213, a = 10.9161(2) Å, Z = 4] is very similar to the one of pseudocubic Cs2Co2(MoO4)3 with a weak orthorhombic distortion. Hexagonal Cs4Fe(MoO4)3 [P$\bar {6}$2c, a = 6.2922(16) Å, c = 23.937(13) Å, Z = 2] is isostructural to the high‐temperature modification of Rb4Mn(MoO4)3. CsFe5(MoO4)7 crystallizes in monoclinic symmetry [P21/m, a = 6.9239(6) Å, b = 21.4477(19) Å, c = 8.6374(8) Å, β = 101.667(2)°, Z = 2] and represents a new structure type. This structure contains three crystallographically independent Fe sites and consists of isolated FeO6 octahedra and Fe4O18 units of edge‐sharing FeO6 octahedra, which are connected with MoO4 tetrahedra through corners, thus forming a three‐dimensional framework. CsFe5(MoO4)7 orders magnetically with a ferromagnetic component at TC = 10 K, proposed as a canted antiferromagnet. Its antiferromagnetic structure at 0 T was described by combination of two propagation vectors k = (1/2, 0, 0) and k = (0, 0, 0) with magnetic moments of 2.6, 1.6 and 3.5 μB for three independent Fe sites. Two magnetic‐field‐induced transitions are observed at 0.25 and 1.9 T at 2 K.
New BaM2(SeO3)3·nH2O (M = Co, Ni, Mn, Mg; n ≈ 3) Zemannite‐Type Frameworks: Single‐Crystal Structures of BaCo2(SeO3)3·3H2O, BaMn2(SeO3)3·3H2O and BaMg2(SeO3)3·3H2O
Authors: Johnston Magnus G. , Harrison William T. A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe syntheses and characterisation of a new family of isostructural mixed‐metal selenites based on the zemannite‐type framework are described. These BaM2(SeO3)3·3H2O phases are built up from three‐dimensional networks of MO6 (M = Co, Ni, Mn, Mg) octahedra and SeO3 pyramids. The octahedral groups form isolated M2O9 face‐sharing pairs, which are linked by the selenite anions into a three‐dimensional anionic framework. The framework encapsulates one‐dimensional 12‐ring channels occupied by the barium cations and water molecules. There are two types of channels: in one, the cations and water molecules are well ordered, and the channels are fully occupied; in the other, the same species are disordered, and the channels are partially occupied. There is little if any evidence of zeolitic reversible de/rehydration and cation ion‐exchange behaviour for these materials.
Computational Study of the Intramolecular Pericyclic Reactions of Aldazines and Some Pseudopericyclic Variants (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 16/2011)
Authors: González Pérez Adán B. , Souto José A. , Silva López Carlos , de Lera Ángel R. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows cascade cyclization reactions of allenyl (ketenyl) aldazines that are rendered pericyclic or pseudopericyclic by virtue of the lack or the existence of π conjugation, respectively, between the two interacting groups (azine and allene/ketene). Details are discussed in the article by À. R. de Lera et al. on p. 2933 ff.
Electrodeposition of Three‐Dimensional Porous Platinum Film on Removable Polyaniline Template for High‐Performance Electroanalysis
Authors: Wang Lihua , Chen Chao , Fu Yingchun , Xie Qingji , Su Zhaohong , Qin Cong , Xie Fangyun , Ma Ming , Yao Shouzhuo 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThree‐dimensional porous platinum (Ptpor) films are prepared based on Pt electrodeposition on polyaniline (PANI) modified electrodes followed by selective dissolution of PANI with HNO3. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance data suggest that the PANI‐H2PtCl6 interaction involves redox and coordination reactions, depending on the working potential. The Ptpor shows better electrocatalytic performance than the Pt/PANI and conventionally electrodeposited Pt. The Ptpor modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) can electrocatalyze the oxidation of H2O2 with a sensitivity of 414 µA cm−2 mM−1 and a detection limit of 9 nM, and the chitosan‐glucose oxidase/Ptpor/GCE can sense glucose with a sensitivity of 93.4 µA cm−2 mM−1.
A New pH Sensor Based on a Glassy Carbon Electrode Coated with a Co/Al Layered Double Hydroxide
Authors: Mignani A. , Corticelli C. , Tonelli D. , Scavetta E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractA glassy carbon electrode has been coated by electrodeposition with a thin film of cobalt based layered double hydroxide (LDH) and used as a pH sensor. The developed electrode displays a linear super‐Nernstian response (−76.2±0.6 mV/pH) in the pH range between 2 and 14 and it is particularly suitable to operate in strongly alkaline solution. The reproducibility of the sensor construction is good with a relative standard deviation of the calibration curve slopes of±2.5 % (n=4). The electrode has a response time comparable to that exhibited by commercial glass electrodes in the pH range examined and is not affected by interference from the most common anions and cations.
Active width of gravel‐bed braided rivers
Authors: Ashmore Peter , Bertoldi Walter , Tobias Gardner J. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTPrevious analyses have identified the active width of braided rivers, the bed area over which bed load flux and short‐term morphological change occurs, as an important element of braiding dynamics and predictions of bed load flux. Here we compare theoretical predictions of active width in gravel‐bed braided rivers with observations from Sunwapta River, and from a generic physical model of gravel braided rivers, to provide general observations of the variation in active width, and to develop an understanding of the causes of variation. Bed topography was surveyed daily along a 150 m reach of the pro‐glacial Sunwapta River for a total of four weeks during summer when flow was above threshold for morphological activity. In the laboratory, detailed digital elevation models (DEMs) were derived from photogrammetric survey at regular intervals during a constant discharge run. From the field and flume observations there is considerable local and circumstantial variation in active width, but also a general trend in average active width with increasing discharge. There is also a clear relationship of active width with active braiding index (number of active branches in the braided channel network), and with dimensionless stream power, which appears to be consistent across the range of data from field and physical models. Thus there is a link between active width and the river morphology and dynamics, and the possibility of a general relationship for estimating active width from channel pattern properties or reach‐scale stream power values, from which approximate bedload flux calculations may be made. The analysis also raises questions about differences between hydraulically‐based numerical model computations of instantaneous active width and observation of time‐integrated morphological active width. Understanding these differences can give insight into the nature of bedload transport in braided rivers and the relationship to morphological processes of braiding. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Effect of Methanol Crossover on the Cathode Overpotential of DMFCs
Authors: Tamaki T. , Yamauchi A. , Ito T. , Ohashi H. , Yamaguchi T. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe effects of methanol crossover on cathode overpotential of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) were investigated by focusing on a mixed potential effect and surface poisoning of the catalyst. Experiments using different membranes and catalyst loadings were performed and compared with a semi‐quantitative model to discuss the main cause of the cathode overpotential. When the measured methanol crossover increased, cathode overpotential increased at particular threshold values, which were 150 mA cm–2 at 0.3 mg cm–2 of cathode platinum (Pt) loading and above 200 mA cm–2 at 1.1 mg cm–2. The modelling results also supported this tendency, and showed that Pt surface was poisoned to a great extent above the threshold methanol crossover where the cathode overpotential increased sharply, while the cathode overpotential remained low and was explained solely by the mixed potential below the threshold value. The threshold methanol crossover can be regarded as the acceptable value, below which the cathode overpotential from methanol crossover remains low, and was related with the Pt loading in the cathode. The reduction of methanol crossover through membranes below the acceptable values will contribute greatly to a decrease in the cathode overpotential and to the reduction of catalyst loadings.
Progress in PEMFC MEA Component R&D at the DOE Fuel Cell Technologies Program
Authors: Spendelow J. S. , Papageorgopoulos D. C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe U.S. Department of Energy Fuel Cell Technologies Program supports research and development (R&D) of fuel cells and fuel cell systems for stationary, portable and transportation applications. The Program maintains a diverse portfolio of R&D projects aimed at reducing cost and improving durability of fuel cell systems, with an overarching goal of enabling fuel cell technology to compete with alternative technologies in the marketplace. This paper describes the Program's recent activities and progress in development of catalysts, membranes and membrane electrode assemblies for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.
Raman Spectroscopy of an Aged Low Temperature Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Membrane
Authors: Holber M. , Johansson P. , Jacobsson P. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe cost and durability of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) are today limiting factors for large‐scale commercialisation of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The MEA durability in a real working fuel cell (FC) is closely linked to specific operating conditions such as temperature, gas humidity, load dynamics, etc. This often results in both chemical and mechanical degradation of the ion‐conducting membrane and subsequent operation failure of the FC. In this study, Raman spectroscopy is used to identify and distinguish between two different degradation processes for a 1,500 h in situ aged FC membrane. The primary process is due to the loss of proton conducting sulphonic acid end groups over the entire membrane. The secondary process is a degradation of the fluorinated backbone concentrated to the cathode interface; making possible the collapse of carbon into the resulting voids of the membrane. Using spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy we can unambiguously observe both the localisation and the state of the carbon inside the membrane; being similar/identical to the microporous layer (MPL).
Alberta's new carbon capture and storage legislation
Authors: Bankes Nigel D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe province of Alberta, Canada, is well placed to take a leadership role in the development of commercial‐scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. As part of a series of initiatives to encourage CCS projects, the Province passed legislation in the fall of 2010 to clarify issues relating to pore space ownership, to put in place a system whereby a CCS operator can acquire disposal rights, to provide for the transfer to the state of liability for CCS projects post‐closure, and to deal with certain regulatory matters including the issuance of closure certificates. This perspective describes and analyzes the legislation and identifies some further steps that need to be taken to complete the legal and regulatory regime. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
How histological features of basal cell carcinomas influence image quality in optical coherence tomography
Authors: Mogensen Mette , Nürnberg Birgit M. , Thrane Lars , Jørgensen Thomas M. , Andersen Peter E. , Jemec Gregor B. E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractOptical coherence tomography (OCT) has the potential to diagnose and measure the depth of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in skin, but some lesions appear blurred in OCT images. The aim of this study is to identify histological characteristics of basal cell carcinomas (BCC) that correlate with good quality OCT images of the same lesions. A total of 34 patients with BCC were OCT scanned. The influence of histology parameters (e.g. inflammation, sun damage of skin, carcinoma cell size) on OCT image quality was studied by comparing 15 BCC lesions easily identified compared to 19 BCC lesions that produced only blurred in OCT images. Inflammation was more pronounced in blurred OCT images, whereas solar elastosis dominated in easily identified lesions. Hyperkeratosis did not impair imaging significantly. OCT image quality of BCC may depend on specific histology parameters. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Can color inhomogeneity of bruises be used to establish their age?
Authors: Stam Barbara , van Gemert Martin J. C. , van Leeuwen Ton G. , Teeuw Arianne H. , van der Wal Allard C. , Aalders Maurice C. G. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBruises become spatially inhomogeneous during the healing process; a smaller red‐blue core area, caused by hemoglobin, is surrounded by a larger yellow area, caused by bilirubin, which is enzymatically formed from hemoglobin. These two areas develop at different rates and hence carry information about the age of the bruise. We present a proof of principle demonstration that the age of bruises can be determined via an inverse procedure using a mathematical model and daily measurements of these two areas using a hyperspectral imaging system. The inaccuracy found is 2.3% for fresh bruises and 3 to 24% for bruises up to 3 days old. In conclusion, color inhomogeneity of bruises can be used to determine their age. We expect that future age determination of bruises by the inverse procedure described here, possibly also including the distribution of concentrations in the areas will open up a new phase in clinical bruise classification. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Automated classification of healthy and keloidal collagen patterns based on processing of SHG images of human skin
Authors: Medyukhina Anna , Vogler Nadine , Latka Ines , Kemper Stefanie , Böhm Markus , Dietzek Benjamin , Popp Jürgen 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAll‐optical microspectroscopic and tomographic tools have a great potential for the clinical investigation of human skin and skin diseases. However, automated optical tomography or even microscopy generate immense data sets. Therefore, in order to implement such diagnostic tools into the medical practice in both hospitals and private practice, there is a need for automated data handling and image analysis ideally implementing automized scores to judge the physiological state of a tissue section. In this contribution, the potential of an image processing algorithm for the automated classification of skin into normal or keloid based on second‐harmonic generation (SHG) microscopic images is demonstrated. Such SHG data is routinely recorded within a multimodal imaging approach. The classification of the tissue implemented in the algorithm employs the geometrical features of collagen patterns that differ depending on the constitution, i.e., physiological status of the skin. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Friction, wear, and tensile properties of vacuum hot pressing crosslinked UHMWPE/nano‐HAP composites
Authors: Xiong Lei , Xiong Dangsheng , Yang Yuanyuan , Jin Jiabo 
Published: May 2011

AbstractUltra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is a thermoplastic engineering plastic with excellent mechanical properties. In this study, nonirradiated and irradiated UHMWPE/nano‐hydroxyapatite (nano‐HAP) composites were prepared by vacuum hot‐pressing method, and then friction, wear, and tensile properties were investigated. To explore mechanisms of these properties, differential scanning calorimetry, infrared spectrum, and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectrometry analysis were carried out on the samples. The results in this study indicated that reduced friction coefficients and wear rate could be obtained when nonirradiated and irradiated UHMWPE were filled with 7% nano‐HAP. The irradiated UHMWPE/7% nano‐HAP also had a synergistic function of wear reduction as compared with irradiated UHMWPE and nonirradiated UHMWPE/7% nano‐HAP. Samples filled with 7% nano‐HAP showed a brittle fracture behavior, and a linear relationship between modulus and crystallinity for a nonirradiated and irradiated sample was found in this study. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.