bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Actions speak louder than words; pediatricians, gynecologists, nurses, and other mothers’ perspectives on the human papillomavirus vaccine: an Istanbul multicenter study
Authors: Parlak Burcu , Uğurlucan Funda Güngör , Gökçay Emine Gülbin 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionGynecologists and pediatricians have an essential duty to prevent cervical cancer. In this study, we compared the compliance of gynecologists (n = 22) and pediatricians (n = 49) with nurse/midwife (n = 66) and non-medical moms (n = 120) with regards to cervical cancer precautions.MethodsA questionnaire was used to gather data on their demographics, personal vaccination and screening practices, children’s immunization status, and awareness of cervical cancer prevention.ResultsThe findings demonstrated that gynecologists and pediatricians were better than others at understanding the risk factors and prevention of cervical cancer. It was noted that compared to other groups, physician mothers and their offspring had higher vaccination rates (n = 13, 18.3%; n = 10, 29.4%, respectively). Medical professionals typically provided thorough and accurate answers to informational questions. More frequent Pap smear tests were performed by gynecologists. It was noted that mothers who worked as pediatricians and nurses/midwives neglected their own screening needs.DiscussionThis questionnaire survey sought to ascertain Istanbul’s health professionals’ present opinions regarding HPV vaccination. Healthcare professionals should be the first to receive information on HPV vaccination and cervical cancer incidence reduction. The public could then readily use them as an example.
Menopause modified the association of blood pressure with osteoporosis among gender: a large-scale cross-sectional study
Authors: Jin Haidong , Zhao Hongfei , Jin Sufan , Yi Xianhong , Liu Xiaotian , Wang Chongjian , Zhang Gongyuan , Pan Jun 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis study aimed to assess the potential association between blood pressure and osteoporosis in a rural population with limited resources. Existing evidence on this association is limited, particularly in such settings.MethodsData from 7,689 participants in the Henan Rural Cohort study were analyzed. Four blood pressure indicators [systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and pulse pressure (PP)] were measured. The logistic regression model and restricted cubic spline plots were used to assess the relationship between blood pressure indicators and osteoporosis prevalence.ResultsPositive trends were noted between blood pressure indicators and osteoporosis prevalence in the entire group and women (Ptrend &lt; 0.05 for SBP, MAP, and PP). Women with higher SBP and PP exhibited elevated odds of osteoporosis compared with those with the lowest SBP and PP (ORs ranging from 1.15 to 1.5 for SBP and 1.06 to 1.83 for PP). No such associations were found in men. These relationships were only evident in postmenopausal women. Dose–response analysis confirmed these findings. Excluding participants taking hypertension medication did not alter the results.ConclusionIn resource-limited settings, higher SBP and PP are associated with the increased prevalence of osteoporosis in women, potentially influenced by menopause-related factors. This indicates that potential gender-based differences and social inequalities may affect bone health.Clinical trial registrationThe Henan Rural Cohort Study has been registered at the Chinese Clinical Trial Register (Registration number: ChiCTR-OOC-15006699) http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=11375.
Role of the epithelium in human papillomavirus and human immunodeficiency virus infections in the female genital tract
Authors: Sibeko Sengeziwe , Sanderson Micheline , Moyo Sizulu , Botha Matthys H. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundTwo-thirds of people living with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection reside in Sub-Saharan Africa, where there are the highest prevalence and incidence rates of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Both infections are sexually transmitted and enter the body via the epithelium. This review describes the extent of involvement of the epithelium in each infection in the female genital tract.MethodsA narrative review was conducted on the role of the epithelium in HPV and HIV-1 infections.ResultsAn intact epithelial barrier is the predominant form of protection against viral entry and infection, including from HIV-1 and HPV. HPV is an intraepithelial pathogen, and thus, its growth and amplification, which are dependent on squamous cell differentiation, occur in the epithelium. It gains entry to the basal cells of the stratified squamous epithelium via micro-abrasions or other epithelial injuries that expose the basement membrane. HIV-1, conversely, passes through the epithelium to infect subepithelial tissues. Following deposition of the HIV-1-containing inoculum into the lumen, the virus enters the mucosa through breaks in the epithelial barrier within hours of infection. Further, HIV-1 penetrates the epithelium via various mechanisms, including paracellular passage or across epithelial cells through transcytosis. The capture of the virus from the mucosal surface by intraepithelial and/or subepithelial target cells has also been documented.ConclusionsEpithelial disruption is the major pathogenetic pathway in HIV-1 and HPV infections. Therefore, biochemical compounds that strengthen the epithelial barrier must be prioritized to prevent these infections.
Digital technology in national curricula: a dialogue among Iberoamerican countries
Authors: de Araújo Allyson Carvalho , Xavier Kesia da Silva , Moya-Mata Irene , da Costa Alan Queiroz , Canon-Buitrago Edwin Alexander , de Oliveira Braulio Nogueira , de Carvalho Ricardo Souza 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionIn today's world, digital technologies have become pervasive, impacting every aspect of our lives. Even in subjects such as Health and Physical Education (HPE), which traditionally emphasizes experiential, active, and corporeal learning, there is a growing interest in the role and influence of new technologies. These technologies not only have the potential to transform human movement and health cultures, but they also offer valuable tools to facilitate teachers' work and enhance student learning. Considering the context of the Research Network on Interactive Digital Didactic Materials, which includes researchers from Iberoamerican countries, this research examines how media and digital technologies are considered in the official Physical Education and curriculum documents from Brazil, Uruguay, Chile, Colombia, and Spain.MethodsThe research comprises a content analysis of official National Curricular Proposals of the selected countries. Considering the specificities of each country to publish their curricula policies, we selected eight different documents from five countries (Brazil, Uruguay, Spain, Colombia, and Chile). We looked for indicators expressed by terms such as “media,” “digital culture,” and “technology” in the documents, all of them related to Physical Education.ResultsThe findings show arguments and proposals for using technology in Physical Education in all documents. However, the curricula trigger this theme in different forms, as an autonomous or transversal character integrated into subjects such as HPE. This fact may be highlighted by the goals of learning areas, which sometimes trigger teaching themes through technology.DiscussionUnder the Media-Education theory lens, we argue that there is no standard for educational investment in curricula in media and technology. Some documents point to the technology use dimension, while others point to the critical or productive dimension that technology makes possible. The literature highlights the need for an organic approach between these dimensions, and educators and policymakers are asked to rethink their curriculum proposals.
Diagnostic yield of dental radiography and digital tomosynthesis for the identification of anatomic structures in cats
Authors: Soltero-Rivera Maria M. , Nguyen Richard , Goldschmidt Stephanie Lynne , Hatcher David C. , Arzi Boaz 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDigital tomosynthesis (DT) has emerged as a potential imaging modality for evaluating anatomic structures in veterinary medicine. This study aims to validate the diagnostic yield of DT in identifying predefined anatomic structures in feline cadaver heads, comparing it with conventional intraoral dental radiography (DR).MethodsA total of 16 feline cadaver heads were utilized to evaluate 19 predefined clinically relevant anatomic structures using both DR and DT. A semi-quantitative scoring system was employed to characterize the ability of each imaging method to identify these structures.ResultsDT demonstrated a significantly higher diagnostic yield compared to DR for all evaluated anatomic structures. Orthogonal DT imaging identified 13 additional anatomic landmarks compared to a standard 10-view feline set obtained via DR. Moreover, DT achieved statistically significant higher scores for each of these landmarks, indicating improved visualization over DR.DiscussionThese findings validate the utility of DT technology in reliably identifying clinically relevant anatomic structures in the cat skull. This validation serves as a foundation for further exploration of DT imaging in detecting dentoalveolar and other maxillofacial bony lesions and pathologies in cats.
Worldwide Examination of Magnetic Responses to Heavy Metal Pollution in Agricultural Soils
Authors: Zhao Xuanxuan , Zhang Jiaxing , Ma Ruijun , Luo Hui , Wan Tao , Yu Dongyang , Hong Yuanqian 
Published: May 2024

Over the last decade, a large number of studies have been conducted on heavy metals and magnetic susceptibility (χlf) measurement in soils. Yet, a global understanding of soil contamination and magnetic responses remains elusive due to the limited scope or sampling sites of these studies. Hence, we attempted to explore a pollution proxy on a global scale. Through a meta-analysis of data from 102 published studies, our research aimed to provide a worldwide overview of heavy metal pollution and magnetic responses in agriculture soils. We mapped the geographic distribution of nine heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, As, Cd, Mn, and Fe) in agricultural soils and explored their pollution sources and contributions. Since 2011, The accumulation of heavy metals has escalated, with industrial activities (31.5%) being the largest contributor, followed by agricultural inputs (27.1%), atmospheric deposition (22.66%), and natural sources (18.74%). The study reports χlf ranging from 6.45 × 10−8 m3/kg to 319.23 × 10−8 m3/kg and χfd from 0.59% and 12.85%, with the majority of the samples being below 6%, indicating heavy metal influence mainly from human activities. Pearson’s correlation and redundancy analysis show significant positive correlations of Pb, Zn, and Cu with χlf (r = 0.51–0.53) and Mn and Fe with χfd (r = 0.50–0.53), while Pb, Zn, Cu, and As metals were shown to be key factors of variation in magnetic response. The average heavy metal pollution load index of 2.03 suggests moderate global agricultural soil pollution, with higher heavy metal contamination in areas of high χlf. Regression analysis confirms soil is considered to be non-polluted below χlf of 26×10−8 m3/kg and polluted above this threshold, with all contamination factors of metals showing a linear correlation with χlf (R = 0.72), indicating that a significant relationship between χlf and the geochemical properties of soils continues to exist on a global scale. This study provides new insights for large-scale agricultural soil quality assessment and magnetic response.
QTL Mapping for Agronomic Important Traits in Well-Adapted Wheat Cultivars
Authors: Liu Jingxian , Wang Danfeng , Liu Mingyu , Jin Meijin , Sun Xuecheng , Pang Yunlong , Yan Qiang , Liu Cunzhen , Liu Shubing 
Published: May 2024

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important food crops worldwide and provides the staple food for 40% of the world’s population. Increasing wheat production has become an important goal to ensure global food security. The grain yield of wheat is a complex trait that is usually influenced by multiple agronomically important traits. Thus, the genetic dissection and discovery of quantitative trait loci (QTL) of wheat-yield-related traits are very important to develop high-yield cultivars to improve wheat production. To analyze the genetic basis and discover genes controlling important agronomic traits in wheat, a recombinant inbred lines (RILs) population consisting of 180 RILs derived from a cross between Xinong822 (XN822) and Yannong999 (YN999), two well-adapted cultivars, was used to map QTL for plant height (PH), spike number per spike (SNS), spike length (SL), grain number per spike (GNS), spike number per plant (SN), 1000- grain weight (TGW), grain length (GL), grain width (GW), length/width of grain (GL/GW), perimeter of grain (Peri), and surface area of grains (Sur) in three environments. A total of 64 QTL were detected and distributed on all wheat chromosomes except 3A and 5A. The identified QTL individually explained 2.24–38.24% of the phenotypic variation, with LOD scores ranging from 2.5 to 29. Nine of these QTL were detected in multiple environments, and seven QTL were associated with more than one trait. Additionally, Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP) assays for five major QTL QSns-1A.2 (PVE = 6.82), QPh-2D.1 (PVE = 37.81), QSl-2D (PVE = 38.24), QTgw-4B (PVE = 8.78), and QGns-4D (PVE = 13.54) were developed and validated in the population. The identified QTL and linked markers are highly valuable in improving wheat yield through marker-assisted breeding, and the large-effect QTL can be fine-mapped for further QTL cloning of yield-related traits in wheat.
JAK/STAT Inhibition Normalizes Lipid Composition in 3D Human Epidermal Equivalents Challenged with Th2 Cytokines
Authors: Flori Enrica , Cavallo Alessia , Mosca Sarah , Kovacs Daniela , Cota Carlo , Zaccarini Marco , Di Nardo Anna , Bottillo Grazia , Maiellaro Miriam , Camera Emanuela , Cardinali Giorgia 
Published: May 2024

Derangement of the epidermal barrier lipids and dysregulated immune responses are key pathogenic features of atopic dermatitis (AD). The Th2-type cytokines interleukin IL-4 and IL-13 play a prominent role in AD by activating the Janus Kinase/Signal Transduction and Activator of Transcription (JAK/STAT) intracellular signaling axis. This study aimed to investigate the role of JAK/STAT in the lipid perturbations induced by Th2 signaling in 3D epidermal equivalents. Tofacitinib, a low-molecular-mass JAK inhibitor, was used to screen for JAK/STAT-mediated deregulation of lipid metabolism. Th2 cytokines decreased the expression of elongases 1, 3, and 4 and serine-palmitoyl-transferase and increased that of sphingolipid delta(4)-desaturase and carbonic anhydrase 2. Th2 cytokines inhibited the synthesis of palmitoleic acid and caused depletion of triglycerides, in association with altered phosphatidylcholine profiles and fatty acid (FA) metabolism. Overall, the ceramide profiles were minimally affected. Except for most sphingolipids and very-long-chain FAs, the effects of Th2 on lipid pathways were reversed by co-treatment with tofacitinib. An increase in the mRNA levels of CPT1A and ACAT1, reduced by tofacitinib, suggests that Th2 cytokines promote FA beta-oxidation. In conclusion, pharmacological inhibition of JAK/STAT activation prevents the lipid disruption caused by the halted homeostasis of FA metabolism.
Impact of Pericoronary Microbiota Composition on Course of Recovery after Third Molar Alveotomy
Authors: Todorić Zrinka , Milošević Milan , Mareković Ivana , Biočić Josip 
Published: May 2024

Although the role of microbiota has been investigated in relation to different oral diseases, it is unknown if its composition has any effect on the course of recovery after third molar alveotomy. Our aim was to determine the influence of patient clinical characteristics as well as pericoronary microbiota composition on the course of recovery after a semi-impacted third molar alveotomy. Thirty-six patients were included and samples obtained with paper points, swabs, and tissue samples were analyzed using DNA hybridization and culture methods. Among the 295 organisms detected, the most frequent were Streptococcus spp. (22.4%; 66/295) followed by Fusobacterium spp. (11.9%; 35/295), and T. forsythia (9.1%; 27/295). A comparison of microbiota composition in patients with better and worse recovery did not show significant differences. Worse recovery outcomes were more frequent in patients with a grade 2 self-assessment of oral health (p = 0.040) and better recovery courses were observed in patients with a grade 4 self-assessment (p = 0.0200). A worse recovery course was statistically significant more frequently in patients with previous oral surgical procedures (p = 0.019). Although we demonstrate that worse recovery outcomes were more frequent when certain bacteria were detected, there was no statistically significant difference. Further research is needed to identify microbial profiles specific to the development of worse outcomes after a third molar alveotomy.
Enrofloxacin, Effective Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis Infection in Oreochromis niloticus
Authors: Aboyadak Ibrahim , Ali Nadia Gabr 
Published: May 2024

Enrofloxacin is a broad-spectrum synthetic antimicrobial drug widely used in veterinary medicine. The present study aimed to determine the effective enrofloxacin dose for treating Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis infection in Oreochromis niloticus. P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis isolates were verified using selective differential media and biochemically using the Vitek 2 test. Bacterial isolates were virulent for O. niloticus with LD50 equal to 2.03 × 106 and 2.22 × 107 CFU fish−1 for P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis, respectively. Infected fish suffered from decreased feed intake followed by off-food, tail erosion, darkening of the external body surface, exophthalmia, ascites, and loss of escape reflex. Internally, congested hemorrhagic hepatopancreas with engorged distended gall bladder were dominant. The posterior kidney was congested with enlarged spleen, and empty elementary tract. Pathologically, severe degenerative changes were dominant in the hepatopancreas, posterior kidney, spleen, stomach, and gills of infected fish. Antimicrobial sensitivity test indicated the high susceptibility of P. aeruginosa and E. faecalis to enrofloxacin with MIC estimated at 1 and 0.0625 µg/mL, respectively. Enrofloxacin effectively protected O. niloticus against E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa infection when used with medicated feed at doses of 10 and 20 mg kg−1 body weight.
THE STATUS OF ACCESSING TO INFORMATION ON GENDER EQUALITY IN ETHNIC MINORITY COMMUNITIES IN THAI NGUYEN PROVINCE
Authors: Giang Bùi Thị Hương , Điền Trần Văn , Thọ Nguyễn Hữu , Chi Nguyễn Thị Thùy , Huy Đặng Quang , Yến Nguyễn Thị Hải , Quỳnh Vũ Thị 
Published: May 2024

Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá thực trạng tiếp cận thông tin về vấn đề bình đẳng giới ở vùng dân tộc thiểu số trên địa bàn tỉnh Thái Nguyên; từ đó đề xuất các giải pháp góp phần nâng cao nhận thức của người dân về vấn đề này. Bên cạnh việc thu thập số liệu thứ cấp từ các nguồn báo cáo khác nhau, nghiên cứu chủ yếu sử dụng phương pháp thu thập số liệu sơ cấp bằng việc phát phiếu câu hỏi điều tra và tiến hành thảo luận nhóm. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, các phương thức nhằm giúp người dân tiếp cận vấn đề bình đẳng giới đã được triển khai sâu rộng ở nhiều đối tượng với nhiều nội dung và hình thức khác nhau. Nhờ đó, nội dung về thực hiện bình đẳng giới tại các vùng dân tộc thiểu số trên địa bàn tỉnh Thái Nguyên đã và đang mang lại hiệu quả thiết thực, góp phần từng bước nâng cao đời sống kinh tế - xã hội của nhân dân. Nghiên cứu này là cơ sở bước đầu để các cấp chính quyền đưa ra những chính sách và kế hoạch cụ thể, góp phần thúc đẩy bình đẳng giới tại các vùng dân tộc thiểu số trên địa bàn tỉnh Thái Nguyên trong thời gian tới.
Congenital Pneumonia: Modern View
Authors: Устинович Ю.А. , Ломская И.В. , Лемешко Ю.И. , Белкин А.М. , Петрученя А.В. 
Published: May 2024

Неонатальные пневмонии занимают значимое место в структуре заболеваемости и смертности новорожденных. Особую опасность среди них представляют врожденные пневмонии с ранней манифестацией. Успех лечения таких пациентов зависит от своевременной диагностики и дифференциальной диагностики заболевания. Традиционная рентгенологическая диагностика является «золотым стандартом». В дополнение к ней активно исследуются и внедряются в практику лабораторные маркеры пневмонии, такие как тромбоцитарные индексы, соотношение С-реактивного белка и альбумина, прокальцитонин и другие. Данные тесты также важны для контроля за эффективностью проводимого лечения. Важное место в лечении занимают вопросы ухода за пациентом и профилактики контаминации госпитальной флорой.
Neonatal pneumonias occupy a significant place in the structure of morbidity and mortality of newborns. Of particular danger among them are congenital pneumonia with early manifestation. The success of treatment of such patients depends on timely diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease. Traditional x-ray diagnostics is the "gold standard". In addition to it, laboratory markers of pneumonia, such as platelet indices, the ratio of C-reactive protein to albumin, procalcitonin and others, are being actively researched and put into practice. These tests are also important for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment. An important place in treatment is occupied by the issues of patient care and prevention of contamination by hospital flora.