bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Acute Pancreatitis Following Finasteride Toxicity: A Rare Case Report"
Authors: Mohammadi Mohammadreza , Hakemi Arman , Toussi Alireza Ghassemi , Dadpour Bita , Mousavi Reza , Ghamsar Anahita Alizadeh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Finasteride, commonly used for benign prostatic hyperplasia and androgenetic alopecia, has a generally safe profile, primarily associated with sexual and psychological side effects. However, rare cases of acute pancreatitis associated with its use require careful investigation due to the severity of such an adverse effect.
Case Presentation: We report a case of acute pancreatitis in a 32-year-old Iranian man following an intentional overdose of 200 tablets of 5 mg finasteride in a suicide attempt. The patient, with no significant medical or family history of pancreatic disease, presented with acute upper abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Laboratory tests confirmed acute pancreatitis, characterized by markedly elevated amylase and lipase, high triglycerides, and mild metabolic acidosis. The patient was treated with aggressive hydration and total parenteral nutrition, resulting in significant clinical improvement over three days.
Discussion: This case illustrates the potential for severe finasteride-induced pancreatitis, particularly in overdose situations. Although the mechanism by which finasteride may cause pancreatitis is not fully understood, disruption of steroid hormone metabolism may be involved. Recognition of drug-induced pancreatitis is important because of the common use of medications such as azathioprine, valproic acid, and diuretics, which are known to cause this condition.
Conclusion: Given the rarity of finasteride-related pancreatitis, further investigation into its pathophysiology and risk factors is warranted. This case highlights the importance of considering drug-induced pancreatitis in patients presenting with abdominal symptoms and a history of medication use, particularly in the context of overdose. This could lead to a reassessment of the safety profile of finasteride and improved patient management strategies.
Investigation of the recurrent flash flood events in the Far-North Region of Cameroon
Authors: Djomdi Ernest , Aretouyap Zakari , Feujio Dady Herman Agogue , Legrand Charles Ngog II , Nguimgo Cedric Nguimfack , Kpoumie Abas Ndinchout , Nouck Philippe Njandjock 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

A flash flood is a natural phenomenon generally occurring in regions with dense and compact rainfall. The arid Far-North Region of Cameroon (FNRC) is subject to such climate conditions which result in recurrent flash flood events. Those events often cause numerous deaths and important property damage. This article aims at mitigating and reducing flood risks in the FNRC using a GIS-based multicriteria decision-making technique. For this, data were collected from the radar sensor ALOS PALSAR 2, the optical sensor Landsat 9 Operational Land Imager (OLI), and WorldClim 2. From the aforementioned datasets, ten influencing layers, namely curvature, drainage density, elevation, distance to rivers, distance to lakes, land use/land cover (LULC), rainfall, slope, stream power index (SPI) and topographic witness index (TWI) were prepared, normalized, and combined on a GIS environment. The resulting map of the flood susceptible zones (FSZ) reveals two-fifths of the FNRC is seriously threatened by flash flood events. FSZ are clearly demarcated and mapped, and this map is of paramount importance for sustaining safe settlements in the FNRC. In the context of scarce ground data, as in the FNRC where there is a single rain gauge located at the airport, a combined remote sensing-analytical hierarchy process is effective for flash flood investigation. This approach can help in flash flood analysis in other regions of the world.
Development and Validation of a Histological Calculator for Anastomotic Margins to Predict Anastomotic Failure Among Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Liu Zhun , Huang Shenghui , Xu Meifang , Yu Qian , Song Jianyuan , Chen Zhifen , Huang Ying , Chi Pan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To identify histological features of anastomotic margins and develop a prediction model for anastomotic failure (AF) in rectal cancer (RC) patients with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT).
Methods
A total of 350 pairs anastomotic “doughnuts” from RC with nCRT were randomly divided into the primary and validation cohorts at a ratio of 7:3. The histological features were identified and constructed using LASSO (Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression to develop the radiation-induced colorectal injury (RCI) score. An AF prediction mode based on the RCI score was built and evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and decision curve, decision curve analysis (DCA), and the DeLong test.
Results
The primary cohort consisted of 245 patients, among whom AF occurred in 26.9% of cases, while the validation cohort comprised 105 patients, with an AF rate of 24.8%. The RCI score of anastomotic margins showed a significant correlation with AF (odds ratio: 2.963; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.298–3.822; P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis identified body mass index (BMI) < 18.5, tumor location, long-course radiotherapy, and the RCI score as independent predictors for AF. The nomogram based on the RCI score exhibited good discrimination in both the primary cohort (AUC: 0.886; 95% CI: 0.840–0.931), with a sensitivity of 86.36% (95% CI, 75.7–93.6%) and specificity of 76.54% (95% CI, 69.6–82.5%). Calibration curves revealed satisfactory agreement between the predicted and the observed probabilities.
Conclusions
The comprehensive nomogram incorporating the RCI score could assist physicians in predicting AF and formulating personalized treatment strategies for RC patients with neoadjuvant radiotherapy.
Seed coating with novel sodium alumino silicate margosa composite – A proficient technique to reduce mycotoxins of Fusarium fujikuroi species complex inciting discoloration of rice
Authors: SINGH NAVDEEP , Sharma Anju Bala , Mandal Kousik , Manchanda Pooja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Infestation of fungi during storage of grains causes about 4.6–6% wastage of cereal grains. Among other fungi Fusarium fujikuroi speciescomplex (FFSC) is one of the major causes of grain discoloration of rice. Due to the negative impacts of toxicgenic FFSC complex on seed health and quality metrics, it significantly reduces the market value of rice seeds. Apart from nutrient losses to rice seeds toxic fungal metabolites like fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, fusaric acid, and gibberellic acid produced by FFSC complex interacts with physiological parameters influencing the integrity of seeds during storage. Due to the detrimental effects on seed germination and vitality, chemical seed treatments are usually avoided while the seeds are in storage. This paper presents the efficacy of novel sodium alumino silicate (SAS)-Margosa composite against toxigenic FFSC complex viz., F. fujikuroi, F. verticillioides, and F. proliferatum during storage of rice seeds with augemented antitoxin and seed invigorating potential. The novel SAS-Margosa composite was chemically and morphologically characterized using XRD, FTIR, TEM, and EDS analysis. The antifungal potential of margosa leaf extract adsorbed nanosilicate material (SAS) was examined using SEM, Flourescence microscopy and poison food technique. The toxin quantification of FFSC complex inoculated seeds treated with SAS-Margosa composite was carried out at monthly intervals upto a period of six months of storage along with control on two rice varieties viz., PR114 and Pusa Basmati 1121 respectively. The study revealed that SAS-Margosa composite coated seeds of PR114 and Pusa Basmati 1121 exhibited significanlty higher seed germination (87.63 & 83.57%) and minimum seed rot (5.70 & 5.24%) after 6 months of storage as compare to control. There was a significant decrease in levels of fusaric acid, fumonisins B1, B2 and gibberellic acid after six months as compare to control in both the varieties. The SAS-Margosa composite has been proved to be effective against toxigenic FFSC complex during rice seed storage without compromising the seed quality metrics.
N-glycan-modified α-L-iduronidase produced by transgenic silkworms ameliorates symptoms in a Japanese macaque with mucopolysaccharidosis I
Authors: Itoh Kohji , Shinoda Chika , Kitakaze Keisuke , Sasai Yuya , Nishioka So-ichiro , Kobayashi Isao , Sumitani Megumi , Tatematsu Ken-ichiro , Iizuka Tetsuya , Harazono Akira , Mitani Ai , Kaneko Akihiko , Imamura Masanori , Miyabe-Nishiwaki Takako , Go Yasuhiro , Takeuchi Yoshie , Mizuno Teru , Kiriyama Kei , Tsukimoto Jum , Nadanaka Satomi , Ishii-Watabe Akiko , Kinoshita Takashi , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Suzuki Yasuyuki , Oishi Takao , Sezutsu Hideki 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is an inherited lysosomal storage disorder (LSD) caused by recessive mutations in the α-L-iduronidase (IDUA) gene. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) utilizing terminal mannose 6-phosphate (M6P)-carrying N-glycans attached to therapeutic enzymes produced by mammalian cell lines has been clinically applied to several LSDs. Recent studies suggested an unidentified delivery pathway mediated by sialic acid-containing N-glycans. However, more economical platform development is required to produce large quantities of recombinant enzymes. Transgenic silkworms have been established as low-cost systems for expressing recombinant glycoproteins. Microbial endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidases (ENGases) enable the transglycosylation of N-glycans to other types. In the present study, we established IDUA transgenic silkworms and purified recombinant human IDUA from cocoons. As M6P- and sialic acid-containing N-glycans were not attached to purified hIDUA, we performed ENGase-mediated transglycosylation to obtain hIDUAs with M6P- and sialic acid-containing N-glycans (neoglyco-hIDUAs). Furthermore, we performed intravenous neoglyco-hIDUA replacement therapy in a Japanese macaque MPS I non-human primate model carrying a homozygous Idua missense mutation and succeeded in improving the clinical symptoms and reducing the urinary glycosaminoglycan (GAG) levels. These glycotechnologies using transgenic silkworms and ENGases are expected to serve as platforms for developing therapeutic glycoproteins.
Collision Detection Method for Anchor Digging Machine Water Drilling Rig
Authors: Liu Zhi-xiang , Yan Shu-tong , Zou Kang , Xie Miao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Loading exploration and drainage drilling machine on the anchor machine can effectively increase the tunneling efficiency. In order to avoid the interference between the water drilling rig and the anchor machine in the working process, it is necessary to calculate the joint variables of the drilling rig accurately. Using the robot kinematics analysis method, the kinematics model of the system is established. At the same time, combined with bounding box collision detection technology, the key parts of the equipment are mathematically modeled. A method for collision detection of onboard water exploration and drainage drilling rig of anchor digging machine is proposed. The simulation results show : The designed collision detection method can be used to guide the attitude adjustment of the equipment during the drilling operation of the equipment, and can accurately analyze the interference characteristics and collision detection of the equipment. It provides a theoretical basis for the automatic excavation of the research object and the automatic control of drilling. The azimuth adjustment range of the drilling rig for the experiment is : ± 15°, and the pitch angle adjustment range is : + 5° to -10°.
The principles of manufacturing complex carbide compounds based on titanium
Authors: Shapoval Oleksandr , Kulynych Viktoriia , Markov Oleg , Kukhar Volodymyr , Savchenko Iurii 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Composite hard alloys based on carbides and carbonitrides with a metallic binder are widely used in the metalworking industry and other industrial sectors, both domestically and internationally. This is evidenced by the abundance of scientific research primarily focused on the alloying of carbide and the metallic binder with various additions of refractory metals to improve their operational properties. It's worth noting that the complex carbides were manufactured using the SHS method, which allows for the production of high-quality complex refractory compounds with stable properties, essential for producing composite hard alloys with high operational characteristics. The research included studies on using cheap raw materials, i.e., titanium sponge waste, for producing complex (Ti-W, Ti-Cr) carbide compounds. In Ukraine, there is no technical solution for producing titanium carbide and complex titanium-containing carbide using titanium sponge waste, which is highly relevant. The work studied the impact of the composition of titanium sponge waste, its dispersion, and the amount of impurities on the technological regimes for manufacturing complex carbides and their properties
GPR56/ADGRG1 induces biased Rho-ROCK-MLC and JAK-STAT3 signaling to promote amoeboid-like morphology and IL-6 upregulation in melanoma cells
Authors: Huang Kuan-Yeh , Ng Kwai-Fong , I Kuan-Yu , Chang Yu-Chi , Chen Hsin-Yi , Chen Tse-Ching , Stacey Martin , Lin Hsi-Hsien 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
GPR56/ADGRG1 is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor that plays a role in cell-matrix interaction and metastasis of human melanoma cells. We have shown previously that GPR56 activation in melanoma cells triggers Gα12/13-RhoA signaling to promote IL-6 production and cell migration. Yet little is known of the downstream signaling effectors and their roles in modulating melanoma cellular phenotypes.
Results
Here, we show that GPR56 activation induces Rho-ROCK-MLC and JAK-STAT3 signaling thereby temporally and differentially promoting amoeboid-like morphology and IL-6 upregulation. Interestingly, GPR56-induced JAK-STAT3 activation is modulated partly by Rho-ROCK-MLC signaling but not vice versa. Moreover, receptor auto-proteolysis is found to control the magnitude of GPR56-mediated signaling whereas its unique intracellular regions are involved in the differential regulation of selective signaling pathways and cellular phenotypes.
Conclusion
Our results uncover intricate GPR56-mediated biased Rho-ROCK-MLC and JAK-STAT3 signaling networks as potential therapeutic targets to regulate distinct tumorigenic phenotypes of human melanoma cells.
Minimum dietary diversity and its associated factors among lactating mothers in rural Sankurra district, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Zehara Ahmed , melese sinaga 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Dietary diversity is one aspect of dietary quality used as a proxy indicator for the nutrient adequacy of the diet of individuals. Minimum dietary diversity for women is the consumption of five or more food groups from ten defined food groups by women of reproductive age in the previous day/night. In Ethiopia, about half of lactating mothers consume non-diversified diet. However, there is a limited evidence for rural lactating mothers. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity, and its associated factors among lactating mothers in rural Sankurra district, Southern Ethiopia, 2021.
Method
Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 523 randomly selected lactating mothers in Sankurra district from May 22 – June 20, 2021]. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine the predictors of dietary diversity. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and p ≤ 0.05 were used to test the association.
Result
The prevalence of minimum dietary diversity was 24.5%. Having secondary and above educational level [AOR = 4.8, 95% CI:(1.5–15.2)], food-secured household [AOR = 2.6, 95% CI:(1.3–5.4)], medium [AOR = 2.2, 95% CI:(1.17–4.25)] and rich household [AOR = 2.3, 95%CI: (1.29–4.17)], getting nutritional education [AOR = 2.4, 95% CI:(1.2–4.7)], availability of fruits and vegetables in market [AOR = 1.9, 95% CI:(1.1–3.4)] were positively associated whereas selling out of home-produced food item in market [AOR = 0.54, 95% CI:(0.32–0.92)] was negatively associated factor with achieving minimum dietary diversity.
Conclusion
Despite the various public health interventions tried towards lactating mothers in the country, the prevalence of minimum dietary diversity in this study founds to be low. Therefore, giving nutritional education during antenatal care and enabling households to be food secure might help in supporting the efforts made to alleviate this problem.
A Tutorial on Supervised Machine Learning Variable Selection Methods for the Social and Health Sciences in R
Authors: Bain Catherine M. , Shi Dingjing , Ethridge Lauren E. , Norris Jordan E. , Loeffelman Jordan E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

With recent increases in the size of datasets currently available in the behavioral and health sciences, the need for efficient and effective variable selection techniques has increased. A plethora of techniques exist, yet only a few are used within the psychological sciences (e.g., stepwise regression, which is most common, the LASSO, and Elastic Net). The purpose of this tutorial is to increase awareness of the various variable selection methods available in the popular statistical software R, and guide researchers through how each method can be used to select variables in the context of classification using a recent survey-based assessment of misophonia. Specifically, readers will learn about how to implement and interpret results from the LASSO, Elastic Net, a penalized SVM classifier, an implementation of random forest, and the genetic algorithm. The associated code and data implemented in this tutorial are available on OSF to allow for a more interactive experience. This paper is written with the assumption that individuals have at least a basic understanding of R.
Predicting the Presence of 4th Ventricular Outlet Obstruction in Chiari I Malformation
Authors: Paik Kenneth , Caudill Caroline , Arynchyna-Smith Anastasia , Rocque Brandon , Rozzelle Curtis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
A subset of children with Chiari 1 malformation (CM-1) have a 4th ventricle arachnoid veil—a thin membrane covering the outlet of the 4th ventricle. Studies suggest that failure to disrupt this veil during posterior fossa decompression can reduce the likelihood of syringomyelia resolution. However, there is no reliable method for predicting the presence of the veil without direct surgical exploration. This study aims to evaluate the association between pre-operative symptoms, radiographic measurements, and the arachnoid veil.
Methods
A retrospective review of an institutional database of children evaluated for CM-I was conducted. For patients treated with surgery, operative notes were reviewed to determine if an arachnoid veil was present. Logistic regression was used to test for relationship of clinical variables and radiographic measurements with the presence of an arachnoid veil.
Results
Out of 997 children with CM-1, 226 surgical patients were included in the analysis after excluding those with inadequate documentation. An arachnoid veil was found in 23 patients (10.2%). Larger syrinx, spinal canal, and thecal sac diameters were significantly associated with the presence of a veil, with odds ratios of 1.23 (95% CI 1.2–1.48; p = 0.03), 1.27 (95% CI 1.02–1.59; p = 0.03), and 1.35 (95% CI 1.03–1.77; p = 0.03), respectively. No significant associations were found with any signs or symptoms.
Conclusions
Arachnoid veil was present in 10% of cases. Radiographic measurements indicating larger syrinx size were the only variables found to be significantly associated with an arachnoid veil. Exploration of the 4th ventricular outlet is recommended for CM-I decompression in the setting of expansile syringomyelia.
Novel technetium-99m-labeled bivalent PSMA-targeting probe based on hydroxamamide chelate for diagnosis of prostate cancer
Authors: Shimizu Yoichi , Ando Masato , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Ono Masahiro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a well-known biomarker of prostate cancer. Previously, our group reported that the succinimidyl-cystatin-urea-glutamate (SCUE) moiety has a high affinity for PSMA. In this study, we developed the novel technetium-99m-labeled PSMA-targeting probe “[99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2” based on a hydroxamamide chelate with a bivalent SCUE and evaluated its potential as a SPECT imaging probe for the diagnosis of PSMA-expressing prostate cancer.
Methods: Ham-SCUE was synthesized by a one-step reaction with Ham-Mal and cysteine-urea-glutamine. Then, Ham-SCUE was reacted with [99mTc]NaTcO4 for 10 min at room temperature to obtain [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2. [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2 was added to LNCaP (high PSMA expression) cells or PC3 (low PSMA expression) cells, and their radioactivity was measured 60 min after administration. The blocking study was performed by co-incubation of LNCaP cells with various concentrations of 2-PMPA (a PSMA inhibitor) for 15 min before adding [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2. The biodistribution of [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2 in LNCaP/PC3 dual xenografted C.B.-17/Icr scid/scid Jcl mice was evaluated for 120 min after intravenous injection. The blocking study was performed by pretreatment of mice with 2-PMPA (10 mg/kg weight).
Results: [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2 was acquired at radiochemical yields of 56% with a radiochemical purity of over 95%. The cellular uptake level of [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2 by LNCaP cells was significantly higher than that by PC3 cells (LNCaP: 11.12 ± 0.71 vs. PC3: 1.40 ± 0.13 %dose/mg protein, p<0.01), and the uptake was significantly suppressed by pretreatment with 2-PMPA (2.56 ± 0.37 %dose/mg protein, p<0.05). IC50 of 2-PMPA was 245 ± 47 nM. In the in vivo study, the radioactivity of LNCaP tumor tissue was significantly higher than that of PC3 tumor tissue at 120 min after the administration of [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2 (LNCaP: 9.97 ± 2.79, PC3: 1.16 ± 0.23 %ID/g, p<0.01), and was suppressed by pretreatment with 2-PMPA (2.50 ± 0.45 %ID/g, p<0.01).
Conclusion: [99mTc]Tc-(Ham-SCUE)2 has the potential to be a SPECT imaging agent for diagnosing high PSMA-expressing prostate cancer.