bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of oxidative phosphorylation-related genes in moyamoya disease by combining bulk RNA-sequencing analysis and machine learning
Authors: Han Zhiguang , Zhang Junze , Su Yutao , Zhou Zhenyu , Wang Yanru , Xu Shaoqi , Zhao Yuanli , He Shihao , Wang Rong 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular disease that can lead to ischemia and hemorrhagic stroke. The relationship between oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and MMD pathogenesis remains unknown.Methods: The gene expression data of 60 participants were acquired from three Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, including 36 and 24 in the MMD and control groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between MMD patients MMD and control groups were identified. Machine learning was used to select the key OXPHOS-related genes associated with MMD from the intersection of DEGs and OXPHOS-related gene sets. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG), gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), Immune infiltration and microenvironments analysis were used to analyze the function of key genes. Machine learning selected four key OXPHOS-related genes associated with MMD: CSK, NARS2, PTPN6 and SMAD2 (PTPN6 was upregulated and the other three were downregulated).Results: Functional enrichment analysis showed that these genes were mainly enriched in the Notch signaling pathway, GAP junction, and RNA degradation, which are related to several biological processes, including angiogenesis, proliferation of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, and cytoskeleton regulation. Immune analysis revealed immune infiltration and microenvironment in these MMD samples and their relationships with four key OXPHOS-related genes. APC co-inhibition (p = 0.032), HLA (p = 0.001), MHC I (p = 0.013), T cellco- inhibition (p = 0.032) and Type I IFN responses (p &lt; 0.001) were significantly higher in the MMD groups than those in the control groups. The CSK positively correlated with APC co-inhibition and T cell-co-inhibition. The NARS2 negatively correlated with Type I IFN response. The SMAD2 negatively correlated with APC co-inhibition and Type I IFN response. The PTPN6 positively correlated with HLA, MHC I and Type I IFN responses.Discussion: This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the role of OXPHOS in MMD and will contribute to the development of new treatment methods and exploration of MMD pathogenesis.
Determinants of home delivery among reproductive age women in Bore District, East Guji Zone, Ethiopia: a case–control study
Authors: Teressa Beka , Legesse Elsabeth , Nigussie Tadesse , Deriba Berhanu Senbeta , Guye Ararso Hordofa , Girma Derara , Dejene Hiwot , Adugna Leta , Birhanu Belete , Eshetu Hana , Tadele Amanu’el , Mideksa Gachena 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionHome delivery, which is the process of childbirth at one's residence rather than in a health facility, is a major reason for maternal mortality caused by obstetric complications, such as sepsis, hypertensive disorders, and hemorrhage. Maternal and child mortality remains high in developing countries despite efforts made to reduce these outcomes. This is mainly due to poor utilization of institution-based healthcare services. Moreover, there is a limited number of studies that have addressed the determinants of home delivery in Ethiopia, including the study area. This study aims to identify the determinants of home delivery in Bore District, East Guji Zone, Southern Ethiopia, in 2022.MethodsA community-based unmatched case–control study was conducted from 18 May to 5 July 2022 among 498 women (249 cases and 249 controls) who gave birth in Bore District. The case group included women who gave birth at home, while the control group included those who gave their last birth at health institutions. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Data were collected using the KoboToolbox digital software and exported to SPSS Version 26.0 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to declare the statistical significance of the association of the the independent variables and home delivery.ResultsThe study included a total of 496 respondents with a mean age of 32.5 (SD = ±5.5) for the case group and 33.7 (SD = ±5.2) for the control group. Among the assessed determinants of home delivery were not attending antenatal care (ANC) visits [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) =  5.6, 95% CI: 2.0–15.16], missing pregnant women's conferences (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI: 1.65–8.32), not receiving health education on pregnancy-related complications (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.3), inadequate knowledge of pregnancy-related danger signs (AOR = 6.0, CI: 3.0–11.9), inadequate knowledge about pregnancy-related complications (AOR = 3.0, CI: 1.55–6.13), and unfavorable attitude (AOR = 6.9, 95% CI: 2.16–22.6).ConclusionIn this study, not attending ANC visits, missing pregnant women's conferences, not receiving health education on pregnancy-related complications, inadequate knowledge of pregnancy-related danger signs, inadequate knowledge about pregnancy-related complications, and unfavorable attitudes were identified as determinants of home delivery. The district health office and other stakeholders should work on strengthening maternal health service delivery through appropriate ANC visits and participation in pregnant women's conferences and improving community awareness about pregnancy at all levels.
SWIFT clustering analysis of intracellular cytokine staining flow cytometry data of the HVTN 105 vaccine trial reveals high frequencies of HIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses and associations with humoral responses
Authors: Mosmann Tim R. , Rebhahn Jonathan A. , De Rosa Stephen C. , Keefer Michael C. , McElrath M. Juliana , Rouphael Nadine G. , Pantaleo Giuseppe , Gilbert Peter B. , Corey Lawrence , Kobie James J. , Thakar Juilee 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe HVTN 105 vaccine clinical trial tested four combinations of two immunogens - the DNA vaccine DNA-HIV-PT123, and the protein vaccine AIDSVAX B/E. All combinations induced substantial antibody and CD4+ T cell responses in many participants. We have now re-examined the intracellular cytokine staining flow cytometry data using the high-resolution SWIFT clustering algorithm, which is very effective for enumerating rare populations such as antigen-responsive T cells, and also determined correlations between the antibody and T cell responses.MethodsFlow cytometry samples across all the analysis batches were registered using the swiftReg registration tool, which reduces batch variation without compromising biological variation. Registered data were clustered using the SWIFT algorithm, and cluster template competition was used to identify clusters of antigen-responsive T cells and to separate these from constitutive cytokine producing cell clusters.ResultsRegistration strongly reduced batch variation among batches analyzed across several months. This in-depth clustering analysis identified a greater proportion of responders than the original analysis. A subset of antigen-responsive clusters producing IL-21 was identified. The cytokine patterns in each vaccine group were related to the type of vaccine – protein antigens tended to induce more cells producing IL-2 but not IFN-γ, whereas DNA vaccines tended to induce more IL-2+ IFN-γ+ CD4 T cells. Several significant correlations were identified between specific antibody responses and antigen-responsive T cell clusters. The best correlations were not necessarily observed with the strongest antibody or T cell responses.ConclusionIn the complex HVTN105 dataset, alternative analysis methods increased sensitivity of the detection of antigen-specific T cells; increased the number of identified vaccine responders; identified a small IL-21-producing T cell population; and demonstrated significant correlations between specific T cell populations and serum antibody responses. Multiple analysis strategies may be valuable for extracting the most information from large, complex studies.
Exploring the protective association between COVID-19 infection and laryngeal cancer: insights from a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Heng , Fang Ning , Mozumder Prithweeraj , Jiang Richeng , Wang Xin 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionViral infections have been implicated as a risk factor for laryngeal cancer. Given the possible effects of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the laryngeal tissue, we investigated the causal link between COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.MethodsWe utilized genetic data from the 5th Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) edition of the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative (published on January 18, 2021) and a large-scale laryngeal cancer GWAS comprising 180 cases and 218,612 controls of European ancestry. We applied inverse variance weighting, MR Egger, and weighted median methods to infer causality. We performed sensitivity analysis using the “leave-one-out” method to verify robustness.ResultsWe found no evidence of a causal association between gene-predicted COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer [Odds ratio (OR)=0.24 (95% Confidence intervals (CI), 0.05–1.26), P=0.09]. However, we observed significant inverse associations between gene-predicted COVID-19 hospitalization [OR=0.51 (95% CI, 0.28–0.95), P=0.03] and severe patients [OR=0.62 (95% CI, 0.43–0.90), P=0.01] and laryngeal cancer. Notably, the study detected important genetic variants, such as rs13050728, that modulate the expression of interferon alpha receptor 2 (IFNAR2), indicating possible roles for immune response pathways in both COVID-19 and cancer.DiscussionThis study reveals a potential interaction between COVID-19 severity, genetic factors, and laryngeal cancer, underscoring the importance of investigating the immune response mechanisms in both conditions. These findings contribute to the understanding of the complex interactions between COVID-19 and laryngeal cancer and may guide future research on the role of immune response, particularly involving IFNAR2.
Placebo and nocebo effects of percutaneous needle electrolysis and dry-needling: an intra and inter-treatment sessions analysis of a three-arm randomized double-blinded controlled trial in patients with patellar tendinopathy
Authors: Doménech-García Víctor , Pecos-Martín Daniel , Blasco-Abadía Julia , Bellosta-López Pablo , López-Royo María Pilar 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the influence of potential placebo and nocebo effects on pain perception of percutaneous needle electrolysis (PNE) in individuals with patellar tendinopathy.MethodsIn this secondary analysis of a three-arm randomized double-blinded controlled trial, intra and inter-session pain perception data from 48 sporting participants with patellar tendinopathy between 18 and 45 years were investigated. Participants were divided into 3 parallel groups: “no-sham group” [PNE intervention], “single-sham group” [sham PNE by using dry needling], and “double-sham group” [sham PNE by using sham needles]. Every group received 4 sessions of the needling therapies targeting the patellar tendon over 8 weeks and was instructed to perform a unilateral eccentric exercise program of the quadriceps muscle on the affected side. Clinical and needle-related pain was assessed before, during, and after each treatment session using a visual analog scale.ResultsNo differences were found between groups intra- or inter-session in terms of pain reduction (P = 0.424) despite clinical pain decreased in all groups since the first treatment session (P &lt; 0.001). Furthermore, although the double-sham group showed a lower percentage of participants reporting needle-related pain during needle intervention (P = 0.005), the needle-related pain intensity after needle intervention was similar between groups (P = 0.682). Moreover, there were no group differences for the duration of pain sensation after any needle intervention (P = 0.184), extending in many cases beyond 24 h.ConclusionNeedling therapies for individuals with patellar tendinopathy are prone to elicit placebo effects regarding clinical pain and nocebo effects regarding needling-related pain. Clinicians and physical therapists treating musculoskeletal pain conditions should consider the added value and potential mechanisms of action before routinely using needle techniques.
The relationship between muscle mass and fat content in body composition and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the Chinese general population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Guoqiong , Wu Yuanyuan , Chen Jie , Xiang Dan , Li Dongji 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating comprehensive exploration of its etiology. This study investigates the intricate relationship between body composition and NAFLD prevalence, focusing on the balance between muscle mass and fat content.MethodsEmploying a retrospective cross-sectional design, 2,493 participants undergoing routine health examinations were analyzed. Body compositions, including muscle mass and fat, were measured using bioelectrical-impedance analysis. The prevalence of NAFLD was assessed based on clinical guidelines.ResultsThis study included 2,493 patients, including 1,601 (64.2%) men and 892(35.8%) women. The average age of these participants was 46.0 ± 13.1 years, with a mean body mass index of 25.0 ± 3.6 kg/m2. The levels of fat free mass (FFM) to fat mass (FM) ratio (FFM/FM) and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) demonstrated a negative association with the prevalence of NAFLD (OR (95% CI): 0.553 (0.427–0.704) and 0.850 (0.730–0.964), p &lt; 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively). Liver function further elucidates the multifaceted impact of body composition on hepatic health. In contrast to other parameters, FFM/FM displayed a negative association with liver damage indicators, including a negative association with alanine aminotransferase (Beta±SE: −1.00 ± 0.17, p &lt; 0.001), with aspartate aminotransferase showing borderline significance (Beta±SE: −0.26 ± 0.15, p = 0.084). Similar associations were also evident in terms of liver productive function and bilirubin metabolism.ConclusionOur study offers novel insights into the nuanced interplay between body composition and NAFLD. Recognizing the significance of the balance between muscle and fat provides a foundation for tailored interventions that may reshape the landscape of NAFLD prevention and management.
Effect of single-patient room design on the incidence of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Tan Xiaojiao , Shi Haiqing , Zhao Jia , Zhang Huan , Li Jianbo , Liao Xuelian 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundPrevious studies have yielded varying conclusions regarding the impact of single-patient room design on nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU). We aimed to examine the impact of ICU single-patient room design on infection control.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, and CBM databases from inception to October 2023, without language restrictions. We included observational cohort and quasi-experimental studies assessing the effect of single- versus multi-patient rooms on infection control in the ICU. Outcomes measured included the nosocomial infection rate, incidence density of nosocomial infection, nosocomial colonization and infection rate, acquisition rate of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), and nosocomial bacteremia rate. The choice of effect model was determined by heterogeneity.ResultsOur final analysis incorporated 12 studies involving 12,719 patients. Compared with multi-patient rooms in the ICU, single-patient rooms demonstrated a significant benefit in reducing the nosocomial infection rate (odds ratio [OR]: 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59, 0.79; p &lt; 0.00001). Analysis based on nosocomial infection incidence density revealed a statistically significant reduction in single-patient rooms (OR: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.92; p = 0.02). Single-patient rooms were associated with a marked decrease in nosocomial colonization and infection rate (OR: 0.44; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.62; p &lt; 0.00001). Furthermore, patients in single-patient rooms experienced lower nosocomial bacteremia rate (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.89; p = 0.002) and lower acquisition rate of MDROs (OR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.73; p = 0.002) than those in multi-patient rooms.ConclusionImplementation of single-patient rooms represents an effective strategy for reducing nosocomial infections in the ICU.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/).
Relationship between carotid intima-media thickness and white matter hyperintensities in non-stroke adults: a systematic review
Authors: Humayra Syeda , Yahya Noorazrul , Ning Chai Jia , Raffali Mohd Asyiq Al-Fard bin Mohd , Mir Imtiyaz Ali , Mohamed Abdul Latiff , Manan Hanani Abdul 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionLiterature suggests a common pathophysiological ground between carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) and white matter alterations in the brain. However, the association between carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) has not been conclusively reported. The current systematic review explores and reports the relationship between CIMT and WMH among asymptomatic/non-stroke adults.MethodsA recent literature search on PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases was conducted in compliance with the PRISMA protocol. The pre-defined Population-Intervention-Comparison-Outcome-Study (PICOS) criteria included observational studies investigating the CIMT-WMH association among non-stroke adults undergoing magnetic resonance imaging and carotid ultrasound.ResultsOut of 255 potential results, 32 studies were critically assessed for selection, and finally, 10 articles were included, comprising 5,116 patients (females = 60.2%; males = 39.8%) aged between 36–71 years. The included studies earned high quality ratings (6–9) based on the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale criteria. Qualitative synthesis showed a significantly parallel relationship between increased CIMT and greater WMH burden in 50% of the studies. In addition, significant risk factors related to the CIMT-WMH association included older age, hypertension, depression, migraine, Hispanic ethnicity, and apolipoprotein E (ɛ4) in postmenopausal women.ConclusionOverall, the cumulative evidence showed a consistent CIMT-WMH association in asymptomatic middle-aged and older non-stroke adults, indicating that CAS may contribute to the progression of pathologically hyperintense white matter in the brain. However, further research is warranted to infer the plausible relationship between CIMT and WMH in the absence of stroke.
Altered dynamic functional connectivity of motor cerebellum with sensorimotor network and default mode network in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
Authors: Yang Menghan , Zhang Yingying , Zhang Tianyu , Zhou Huanyu , Ren Jiechuan , Zhou Dong , Yang Tianhua 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate whether changes occur in the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of motor cerebellum with cerebral cortex in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME).MethodsWe adopted resting-state electroencephalography—functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) and a sliding-window approach to explore the dFC of motor cerebellum with cortex in 36 JME patients compared with 30 and age-matched health controls (HCs). The motor cerebellum was divided into five lobules (I–V, VI, VIIb, VIIIa, and VIIIb). Additionally, correlation analyses were conducted between the variability of dFC and clinical variables in the Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) group, such as disease duration, age at disease onset, and frequency score of myoclonic seizures.ResultsCompared to HCs, the JME group presented increased dFC between the motor cerebellum with SMN and DMN. Specifically, connectivity between lobule VIIb and left precentral gyrus and right inferior parietal lobule (IPL); between lobule VIIIa and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and left IPL; and between lobule VIIIb and left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), bilateral superior parietal gyrus (SPG), and left precuneus. In addition, within the JME group, the strength of dFC between lobule VIIIb and left precuneus was negatively (r = −0.424, p = 0.025, Bonferroni correction) related with the frequency score of myoclonic seizures.ConclusionIn patients with JME, there is a functional dysregulation between the motor cerebellum with DMN and SMN, and the variability of dynamic functional connectivity may be closely associated with the occurrence of motor symptoms in JME.
The clinical effects of Orff music therapy on children with autism spectrum disorder: a comprehensive evaluation
Authors: Fan Qiongli , Ding Mengying , Cheng Wang , Su LiSha , Zhang Yuping , Liu Quanxing , Wu Zhifeng 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of Orff music therapy on children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) from the perspectives of parents, evaluators, and therapists.Methods93 children with ASD aged 3–6 years participated in the study. They were divided into an observation group (n = 48) receiving comprehensive rehabilitation intervention including Orff music therapy, and a control group (n = 45) receiving only comprehensive rehabilitation intervention. The Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Psycho-educational Profile-3rd edition (PEP-3) were used for assessments before and after the intervention.ResultsThere were no significant demographic differences between the two groups. Both groups showed significant improvements in Sensory, Relating, Language, CVP, EL, RL, VMI, AE, SR, and CARS scores at T1, T2, and T3 (T1 vs. T2, T2 vs. T3, T1 vs. T3) (all p &lt; 0.05). The observation group demonstrated significant changes in Body and Object use and FM, while the control group showed some changes in these domains. Social and self-help, GM, CMB, and CVB also significantly improved in both groups after 6 months of intervention (all p &lt; 0.05). In terms of different time intervals, the observation group showed greater improvements in Sensory, Relating, Language, CARS scores, EL, RL, and SR compared to the control group (all p &lt; 0.05). The improvement levels in Body and Object use, CVP, FM, VMI, and AE did not differ significantly between the two groups in the T1–T2 interval, but were significantly higher in the observation group in the T2–T3 and T1–T3 intervals (all p &lt; 0.05). The magnitude of changes in Social and self-help, GM, CMB, and CVB did not differ significantly between the groups.ConclusionOrff music therapy showed significant improvements in language expression, language comprehension, social skills, cognitive abilities, imitation abilities, emotional expression and fine motor in children with ASD. These findings provide support for the use of Orff music therapy as an effective intervention for children with ASD.