bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Faktor Risiko dengan Kejadian Malaria di Kampung Nolokla Kabupaten Jayapura
Authors: Ayomi Ivon , Suyono Ign. Joko , Runtuboi Dirk Y.P. 
Published: May 2024

Malaria is a dangerous disease and is still a public health problem in Indonesia, caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium and transmitted by female mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for the incidence of malaria and measured the magnitude of the various risk factors that influenced the incidence of malaria in Nolokla Village, East Sentani District, Jayapura Regency. This study used a case control study to find out how far the risk factors included the physical environment, the biological environment and the socio-cultural environment on the incidence of malaria. The case group was all people who declared clinical malaria while the control group was those who were declared free of malaria. The number of samples in this study were 60 respondents, the case samples were taken randomly as many as 30 people and the control group was also 30 people were taken by matching method. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there were four risk factors, namely the breeding site, the condition of the walls of the house, the presence of shrubs and the presence of Anopheles larvae, and there were six risk factors that had no effect on the incidence of malaria so they were not included in the follow-up test. From the multivariate analysis, it was found that the risk factors that influenced the incidence of malaria were breeding site (p=0.035, OR=3.143, 95%CI 1.066-9.267), condition of house walls (p=0.028, OR=4.500, 95%CI=1.094-18,503), presence of shrubs (p=0.006, OR=5,000, 95%CI=1,510–16,560), presence of Anopheles larvae (p 0.028, OR=3,500, 95%CI=1.112-11.017). The most dominant risk factor that may play a role in the incidence of malaria was the presence of shrubs (Exp=3.095).
Key words: malaria incidence; API; case control; Nolokla village.
Studi Etnomatematika tentang Bagas Godang sebagai Unsur Budaya Mandailing di Sumatera Utara
Authors: Dewita Azhari , Mujib Abdul , Siregar Hasratuddin 
Published: May 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui konsep (ide-ide) matematika yang terdapat pada rumah adat Mandailing yaitu Bagas Godang. Mandailing adalah salah satu suku Batak yang terletak di Kabupaten Tapanuli Selatan Sumatera Utara. Salah satu unsur budaya Mandailing adalah rumah adat Bagas Godang Sumatera Utara yang seharusnya menjadi perhatian pemerintah daerah setempat. Bagas Godang merupakan unsur budaya Mandailing yang dapat di jadikan media pembelajaran matematika sekolah, sehingga pembelajaran matematika dapat dimulai dari memperkenalkan budaya lokal seperti rumah adat budaya Mandailing atau Bagas Godang. Tulisan ini mengeksplorasi konsep-konsep matematika pada struktur dan ornamen rumah adat Bagas Godang. Pembahasan yang bersifat deskriptif memberi gambaran tentang ornamen rumah adat Bagas Godang lebih terperinci. Hasil eksplorasi dan analisis ornamen-ornamen Bagas Godang ditemukan adanya konsep matematika berupa konsep grup, geometri dan trasformasi geometri dan komposisinya.
Perbandingan Desain Pembelajaran ASSURE dan PPSI untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis dan Kemandirian Belajar
Authors: Sundayana Rostina 
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematika siswa kelas VII dengan menggunakan desain pembelajaran ASSURE. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen, dengan desain kelompok kontrol pretes-postes. Pada kelompok kontrol, digunakan desain pembelajaran yang sedang berjalan yaitu desain Prosedur Pengembangan Sistem Instruksional (PPSI).Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri di Kabupaten Garut yang mencakup sekolah level bawah, tengah, dan atas.Dari masing-masing level tersebut, diambil sampel sebanyak tiga kelompok yaitu kelompok eksperimen 1 (siswa yang mendapat desain pembelajaran ASSURE dengan model Problem Based Learning/A-PBL); kelompok eksperimen 2 (siswa yang mendapat desain pembelajaran ASSURE dengan model Discovery Learning/A-DL) dan kelompok kontrol (siswa yang mendapat desain PPSI dengan model pembelajaran PBL dan DL). Dengan menggunakan teknik analisis data ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Uji Tukey HSD, dan uji Perbandingan Berganda diperoleh kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini, secara umum bahwa: peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematika siswa yang mendapat desain pembelajaran ASSURE lebih baik dari siswa yang mendapat PPSI.
Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa Melalui Metode Reading Challenge
Authors: Supiatman Lis , Maulidiah Rina Hayati 
Published: May 2024

This activity aims to overcome a problem regarding students' interest in reading at UPTD State Elementary School 014672 Tanjung Alam which is considered still low. This can be identified through the results of the 2022 education report card and also from observations regarding the implementation of the School Literacy Movement (GLS). It is hoped that the literacy movement that has been implemented in schools can help students improve their literacy skills. However, on the contrary, this movement has not been carried out optimally so that literacy skills are still low. Students' literacy skills are low because students' interest in reading is also low. Therefore, teachers in this case should have creativity in accompanying the implementation of school literacy movement activities. One way to increase students' reading comprehension is by implementing a reading challenge method. In this method, students will be invited to go to the reading corner or library to read books they like. The teacher here supervises or monitors students who are reading. Then, 15 minutes before the lesson starts, students report to the teacher the books they have read. For students who read the most, for example in one month, that student is given a reward. Through this activity, it is hoped that students at the school will be able to increase their interest in reading. Keywords: reading challenge method; reading interest; school literacy movement.
Improved multi-layer wavelet transform and blind source separation based ECG artifacts removal algorithm from the sEMG signal: in the case of upper limbs
Authors: Lu Wei , Gong Dongliang , Xue Xue , Gao Lifu 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Surface electromyogram (sEMG) signals have been widely used in human upper limb force estimation and motion intention recognition. However, the electrocardiogram(ECG) artifact generated by the beating of the heart is a major factor that reduces the quality of the EMG signal when recording the sEMG signal from the muscle close to the heart. sEMG signals contaminated by ECG artifacts are difficult to be understood correctly. The objective of this paper is to effectively remove ECG artifacts from sEMG signals by a novel method.Methods: In this paper, sEMG and ECG signals of the biceps brachii, brachialis, and triceps muscle of the human upper limb will be collected respectively. Firstly, an improved multi-layer wavelet transform algorithm is used to preprocess the raw sEMG signal to remove the background noise and power frequency interference in the raw signal. Then, based on the theory of blind source separation analysis, an improved Fast-ICA algorithm was constructed to separate the denoising signals. Finally, an ECG discrimination algorithm was used to find and eliminate ECG signals in sEMG signals. This method consists of the following steps: 1) Acquisition of raw sEMG and ECG signals; 2) Decoupling the raw sEMG signal; 3) Fast-ICA-based signal component separation; 4) ECG artifact recognition and elimination.Results and discussion: The experimental results show that our method has a good effect on removing ECG artifacts from contaminated EMG signals. It can further improve the quality of EMG signals, which is of great significance for improving the accuracy of force estimation and motion intention recognition tasks. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, our method can also provide the guiding significance for other biological signals.
Mechanism controlling groundwater chemistry in the hyper-arid basin with intermittent river flow: insights from long-term observations (2001–2023) in the lower Heihe River, Northwest China
Authors: Zhang Jialing , Wang Ping , Liu Shiqi , Yu Jingjie 
Published: May 2024

The geochemical processes of groundwater in arid regions are generally influenced by both natural hydrological processes and human activities. However, impacts of water-rock interactions on groundwater recharge via hydrological processes, controlled by both intermittent river water flow and groundwater withdrawals, is still poorly understood. In this study, 327 groundwater chemistry datasets collected from the upper, middle (including Gobi and riparian zones), and lower regions of the Ejina Delta in Northwest China from 2001 to 2023 were analyzed. Our results revealed that the total dissolved solids (TDS) concentration of groundwater in Ejina Delta ranged from approximately 881.5 ± 331.6 mg/L in the upper regions to 1,953.6 ± 1,208.5 mg/L in the lower regions, with an increasing trend observed. Ecological water conveyance (EWC), recharging aquifer through intermittent river water flow, resulted in a decrease in TDS concentrations from 2001 to 2023 mainly in the upper region. While irrigation notably affected groundwater chemistry in the lower region, resulting in a substantial increase in groundwater salinity. Groundwater chemistry in the Middle Gobi region remained relatively stable over the study period. Generally, the hydrochemical composition shifted from the Na-Mg-SO4-HCO3 and Na-Mg-Ca-SO4-HCO3 types in the upper region to Na-Mg-SO4-HCO3 and Na-Mg-SO4-Cl types in the lower region, with Na-SO4-Cl predominant in the Middle Gobi. These shifts were likely be attributed to the interplay of water-rock interactions, coupled with evaporation-crystallization processes. Inverse modeling using PHREEQC revealed that in the upper-middle region, primary water-rock interactions involved calcite dissolution and the precipitation of dolomite, gypsum, halite, and sylvite salts, as well as cation exchange reactions (2NaX+Ca2+→CaX2+2Na+). In contrast, the hydrogeological system in the middle-lower region exhibited an opposite pattern of water-rock interactions. Overall, ecological water conveyance partially facilitated water-rock interactions during lateral groundwater flow, while irrigation disrupted the natural hydrogeochemical equilibrium, involving halite dissolution and opposite cation exchange reactions compared to other regions.
Capacity building and community of practice for women community health workers in low-resource settings: long-term evaluation of the Mobile University For Health (MUH)
Authors: Naal Hady , Alaeddine Reem , Brome Dayana , Daou Tracy , Hudroj Laura , el Sayed Israa , Soubra Racha , Hokayem Joanne , Ghalayini Mohamad , Slim Waed , Saleh Shadi 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundLebanon has been facing a series of crises, significantly increasing health challenges, and straining its healthcare infrastructure. This caused deficiencies in the system's ability to attend to population health needs, and it profoundly impacted vulnerable and refugee communities who face additional challenges accessing healthcare services. In response, the Global Health Institute at the American University of Beirut designed and implemented the Mobile University for Health (MUH), which promotes task-shifting through capacity building complemented by communities of practice (CoP). The program aimed to prepare vulnerable women to assume the role of community health workers (CHW) within their communities, and to promote positive health knowledge and behaviours.MethodsA mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate MUHs' three certificates (women's health, mental health and psychosocial support, and non-communicable diseases). Implementation took place between 2019 and 2022, with 83 CHWs graduating from the program. Short-term data including knowledge assessments, course evaluations, and community member feedback surveys were collected. 93 semi-structured interviews with CHWs and 14 focus group discussions with community members were conducted to evaluate the long-term impact of the capacity building and CoP components.ResultsData revealed multiple strengths of the initiative, including increased access to education for the community, effectiveness of blended learning modality, successful planning and delivery of CoP sessions, and improved knowledge, skills, and health behaviours over time. The supplementary CoP sessions fostered trust in CHWs, increased community empowerment, and increased leadership skills among CHWs. However, some challenges persisted, including limited access to healthcare services, implementation logistical issues, difficulties with some aspects of the learning modality, and some resistance within the communities.ConclusionMUH promoted and improved positive health knowledge and behaviours within targeted vulnerable populations in Lebanon. The supplementary CoP component proved instrumental in empowering CHWs and enhancing their impact within their communities. The study highlights the need for ongoing training and support for CHWs and underscores the importance of continued investment and adaptation of such initiatives through a gendered lens. This evaluation provides evidence on the successes of a capacity building model that has strong potential for scale and replication across health topics in conflict-affected contexts.
The impacts of biodegradable and non-biodegradable microplastic on the performance and microbial community characterization of aerobic granular sludge
Authors: Guo Xiaoying , Ma Xiaohang , Niu Xiangyu , Li Zhe , Wang Qiong , Ma Yi , Cai Shangying , Li Penghao , Li Honglu 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionMicroplastics (MPs), identified as emerging contaminants, have been detected across diverse environmental media. Their enduring presence and small size facilitate the adsorption of organic pollutants and heavy metals, leading to combined pollution effects. MPs also accumulate in the food chain thus pose risks to animals, plants, and human health, garnering significant scholarly attention in recent years. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology emerges as an innovative approach to wastewater treatment. However, the impacts of MPs on the operational efficiency and microbial characteristics of AGS systems has been insufficiently explored.MethodsThis study investigated the effects of varying concentration (10, 50, and 100 mg/L) of biodegradable MPs (Polylactic Acid, PLA) and non-biodegradable MPs (Polyethylene Terephthalate, PET) on the properties of AGS and explored the underlying mechanisms.Results and discussionsIt was discovered that low and medium concentration of MPs (10 and 50 mg/L) showed no significant effects on COD removal by AGS, but high concentration (100 mg/L) of MPs markedly diminished the ability to remove COD of AGS, by blocking most of the nutrient transport channels of AGS. However, both PLA and PE promoted the nitrogen and phosphorus removal ability of AGS, and significantly increased the removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and total phosphorus (TP) at stages II and III (P &lt; 0.05). High concentration of MPs inhibited the growth of sludge. PET noticeably deteriorate the sedimentation performance of AGS, while 50 mg/L PLA proved to be beneficial to sludge sedimentation at stage II. The addition of MPs promoted the abundance of Candidatus_Competibacter and Acinetobacter in AGS, thereby promoting the phosphorus removal capacity of AGS. Both 50 mg/L PET and 100 mg/L PLA caused large amount of white Thiothrix filamentous bacteria forming on the surface of AGS, leading to deterioration of the sludge settling performance and affecting the normal operation of the reactor. Comparing with PET, AGS proved to be more resistant to PLA, so more attention should be paid to the effect of non-biodegradable MPs on AGS in the future.
Nutritional risk factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Pengpeng , Huang Xueling , Xue Li , Liao Jinlian , Liu Jieying , Yu Jiaxiang , Li Ting 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPatients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma are notably susceptible to high nutritional risks. If not addressed, this susceptibility can lead to malnutrition, resulting in numerous adverse clinical outcomes. Despite the significance of this issue, there is limited comprehensive research on the topic.ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to identify nutritional risk factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsFor this cross-sectional study, we recruited a total of 377 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 tool was used to assess their nutritional risk. These patients were divided into a well-nourished group (n = 222) and a nutritional risk group (n = 155). Potential risk factors were screened out using univariate analysis (p &lt; 0.1). These factors were subsequently analyzed with multivariate logistic regression analysis (p &lt; 0.05) to identify the nutritional risk factors for these patients.ResultsOur findings indicated that increasing age (OR = 1.085, 95%CI: 1.053–1.117, p &lt; 0.001), high number of radiation treatments (OR = 1.103, 95%CI: 1.074–1.132, p &lt; 0.001), low BMI (OR = 0.700, 95%CI: 0.618–0.793, p &lt; 0.001), and low albumin levels (OR = 0.852, 95%CI: 0.789–0.921, p &lt; 0.001) are significant nutritional risk factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.ConclusionIncreasing age, high number of radiation treatments, low BMI, and low albumin levels are significant nutritional risk factors in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Inter-relationships of risk factors and pathways associated with all-cause mortality in patients with chronic schizophrenia
Authors: Yu Teng-Hung , Lee Thung-Lip , Hsuan Chin-Feng , Wu Cheng-Ching , Wang Chao-Ping , Lu Yung-Chuan , Wei Ching-Ting , Chung Fu-Mei , Lee Yau-Jiunn , Tsai I-Ting , Tang Wei-Hua 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionOf all psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia is associated with the highest risk of all-cause mortality. This study aimed to investigate independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in patients with chronic schizophrenia. In addition, the possible causal inter-relationships among these independent risk factors and all-cause mortality were also explored.MethodsWe conducted an analysis of 1,126 patients with chronic schizophrenia from our psychiatric department from April 2003 to August 2022, and retrospectively reviewed their medical records. The study endpoint was all-cause mortality. Baseline clinical characteristics including sociodemographic data, biochemical data, lifestyle factors, comorbidities and antipsychotic treatment were examined with Cox proportional hazards analysis.ResultsThe all-cause mortality rate was 3.9% (44 patients). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that several factors were independently associated with all-cause mortality, including diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, heart failure, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, ileus, underweight, fasting glucose, triglycerides, albumin, and hemoglobin. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis revealed that several factors had statistically significant direct effects on all-cause mortality. Heart failure, hypertension, underweight, age at onset, and ileus showed positive direct effects, while albumin and hemoglobin demonstrated negative direct effects. In addition, several factors had indirect effects on all-cause mortality. GERD indirectly affected all-cause mortality through ileus, and peptic ulcer disease had indirect effects through albumin and ileus. Ileus, underweight, DM, and hypertension also exhibited indirect effects through various pathways involving albumin, hemoglobin, and heart failure. Overall, the final model, which included these factors, explained 13% of the variability in all-cause mortality.DiscussionThese results collectively suggest that the presence of DM, hypertension, heart failure, GERD, peptic ulcer disease, ileus, and underweight, along with lower levels of albumin or hemoglobin, were independently associated with all-cause mortality. The SEM analysis further revealed potential causal pathways and inter-relationships among these risk factors contributing to all-cause mortality in patients with chronic schizophrenia.
Successes and challenges of best practice alerts to identify and engage individuals living with hepatitis C virus
Authors: Tandon Saniya , Castaneda Roselyn , Tarasco Nadia , Percival Janie , Nieto Linares Roberto , Geiger Glen , Cooper Curtis L. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionMany individuals living with hepatitis C virus (HCV) are unaware of their diagnosis and/or have not been linked to programs providing HCV care. The use of electronic medical record (EMR) systems may assist with HCV infection identification and linkage to care.MethodsIn October 2021, we implemented HCV serology-focused best practice alerts (BPAs) at The Ottawa Hospital (TOH) via our EMR (EPIC). Our BPAs were programmed to identify previously tested HCV seropositive individuals. Physicians were prompted to conduct HCV RNA testing and submit consultation requests to the TOH Viral Hepatitis Program. We evaluated data post-BPA implementation to assess the design and related outcomes.ResultsFrom 1 September 2022 to 15 December 2022, a total of 2,029 BPAs were triggered for 139 individuals. As a consequence of the BPA prompts, nine HCV seropositive and nine HCV RNA-positive individuals were linked to care. The proportion of total consultations coming from TOH physicians increased post-BPA implementation. The BPA alerts were frequently declined, and physician engagement with our BPAs varied across specialty groups. Programming issues led to unnecessary BPA prompts (e.g., no hard stop to the prompts even though the individual was treated and cured and individuals linked to care without first undergoing HCV RNA testing). A fixed 6-month lookback period for test results limited our ability to identify many individuals.ConclusionAn EMR-based BPA can assist with the identification and engagement of HCV-infected individuals in care. However, challenges including issues with programming, time commitment toward BPA configuration, productive communication between healthcare providers and the programming team, and physician responsiveness to the BPAs require attention to optimize the impact of BPAs.