bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arginine Mimetics Using α‐Guanidino Acids: Introduction of Functional Groups and Stereochemistry Adjacent to Recognition Guanidiniums in Peptides
Authors: Balakrishnan Shalini , Scheuermann Michael J. , Zondlo Neal J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractArginine residues are broadly employed for specific biomolecular recognition, including in protein–protein, protein–DNA, and protein–RNA interactions. Arginine recognition commonly exploits the potential for bidentate electrostatic and hydrogen‐bonding interactions. However, in arginine residues, the guanidinium functional group is located at the terminus of a flexible hydrocarbon side chain, which lacks the functionality to contribute to specific arginine‐mediated recognition and may entropically disfavor binding. In order to enhance the potential for specificity and affinity in arginine‐mediated molecular recognition, we have developed an approach to the synthesis of peptides that incorporates an α‐guanidino acid as a novel arginine mimetic. α‐Guanidino acids, derived from α‐amino acids, with guanidinylation of the amino group, were incorporated stereospecifically into peptides on solid phase via coupling of an Fmoc amino acid to diaminopropionic acid (Dap), Fmoc deprotection, guanidinylation of the amine on solid phase, and deprotection, generating a peptide containing an α‐functionalized arginine mimetic. This approach was examined by incorporating arginine mimetics into ligands for the Src, Grb, and Crk SH3 domains at the site of the key recognition arginine. Protein binding was examined for peptides containing guanidino acids derived from Gly, L‐Val, L‐Phe, L‐Trp, D‐Val, D‐Phe, and D‐Trp. We demonstrate that paralogue specificity and target site affinity may be modulated with the use of α‐guanidino acid‐derived arginine mimetics, generating peptides that exhibit enhanced Src specificity by selection against Grb and peptides that reverse the specificity of the native peptide ligand, with enhancements in Src target specificity of up to 15‐fold (1.6 kcal mol−1).
Functionalization of Oxidases with Peroxidase Activity Creates Oxiperoxidases: A New Breed of Hybrid Enzyme Capable of Cascade Chemistry
Authors: Winter Remko T. , van den Berg Tomas E. , Colpa Dana I. , van Bloois Edwin , Fraaije Marco W. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe covalent flavoprotein alditol oxidase (AldO) from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) was endowed with an extra catalytic functionality by fusing it to a microperoxidase. Purification of the construct resulted in the isolation of a synthetic bifunctional enzyme that was both fully covalently flavinylated and heminylated: an oxiperoxidase. Characterization revealed that both oxidase and peroxidase functionalities were active, with the construct functioning as a single‐component xylitol biosensor. In an attempt to reduce the size of the oxidase–peroxidase fusion, we replaced portions of the native AldO sequence with the bacterial cytochrome c CXXCH heme‐binding motif. By mutating only three residues of the AldO protein we were able to create a functional oxidase–peroxidase hybrid.
An Efficient and Odorless Synthesis of Thioethers Using 2‐[Bis(alkylthio)methylene]‐3‐oxo‐N‐o‐tolylbutanamides as Thiol Equivalents
Authors: Yu Haifeng 
Published: December 2011

AbstractUsing 2‐[bis(alkylthio)methylene]‐3‐oxo‐N‐o‐tolylbutanamides 1 as odorless thiol equivalents, an efficient and odorless synthesis of thioethers has been developed. Promoted by NaOH in EtOH, the cleavage of 1 commences to generate thiolate anions, and the generated thiolate anions then react with halides to give various thioethers in good yield. It is noteworthy that only a very faint odor of thiols can be perceived during both the reaction and the workup.
Dynamic Changes of Sediment Discharge and the Influencing Factors in the Yellow River, China, for the Recent 90 Years
Authors: Mu Xingmin , Zhang Xiuqin , Shao Hongbo , Gao Peng , Wang Fei , Jiao Juying , Zhu Jingliang 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe dynamic changes in the sediment discharge over 90 years from 1919 to 2008 in the Yellow River in China were assessed on the basis of annual rainfall series and annual sediment series in Shan County hydrological station. The key factors affecting sediment discharge, such as rainfall, and human activities were studied. Anomaly accumulation method and double mass curve were employed to test the stage changes of sediment discharge, and to determine the main factors of sediment decline. Results showed that the annual average sediment discharge under natural conditions was about 16 × 108 t, but the measured annual average sediment during 1919–2008 was 12.71 × 108 t. The highest annual average during the study period was 39.10 × 108 t in 1933 while the lowest was 1.77 × 108 t in 2008. Sediment discharge in the Yellow River experienced two low sediment stages (1924–1931 and 1979–2008) and a high sediment stage (1932–1971), respectively. Since 1979, there was a significant decreasing trend in the sediment discharge, and the main influencing factor was fierce human activities. Annual average sediment discharge in the post‐development period (1979–2008) was 69.7% lower than that in the pre‐development period (1919–1978), with average reduction of 81 and 19% caused by human activities and rainfall, respectively. These results provide important evidence for making protecting policy for water resources quality and environmental safety of the Yellow River.
A phase 1 dose escalation study of bortezomib combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, modified vincristine, and prednisone for untreated follicular lymphoma and other low‐grade B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Sinha Rajni , Kaufman Jonathan L. , Khoury Hanna Jean , King Nassoma , Shenoy Pareen J. , Lewis Carol , Bumpers Kevin , Hutchison‐Rzepka Amanda , Tighiouart Mourad , Heffner Leonard T. , Lechowicz Mary Jo , Lonial Sagar , Flowers Christopher R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Bortezomib has demonstrated efficacy in patients with relapsed B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) both alone and in combination with other agents; however, limited data exist regarding its toxicity in combination with common frontline therapies for indolent NHL. A phase 1 study of bortezomib combined with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, modified vincristine, and prednisone (R‐CHOP) was conducted in patients with untreated follicular lymphoma (FL) and other indolent NHLs.METHODS:Nineteen patients, including 10 patients with FL, were enrolled. The median patient age was 59 years (range, 29‐71 years). Seven patients had a FL International Prognostic Index score ≥3. R‐CHOP with the vincristine dose capped at 1.5 mg was administered on a 21‐day cycle for 6 to 8 cycles, and 1 of 3 dose levels of bortezomib (1.0 mg/m2 [n = 1], 1.3 mg/m2 [n = 6], or 1.6 mg/m2 [n = 12]) was administered on days 1 and 8 of each cycle using a Bayesian algorithm for dose escalation.RESULTS:The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of bortezomib with modified R‐CHOP was reached at 1.6 mg/m2. Dose‐limiting toxicity was observed in 5 patients (1 patient at a bortezomib dose of 1.0 mg/m2, 1 patient at a bortezomib dose of 1.3 mg/m2, and 3 patients at a bortezomib dose of 1.6 mg/m2). Neuropathy occurred in 16 patients (84%), including 2 patients (11%) who experienced grade 3 sensory neuropathy. Grade 4 hematologic toxicity occurred in 4 patients. Of 19 evaluable patients, 100% responded, and the complete response rate was 68%. At a median follow‐up of 32 months, the 3‐year progression‐free survival rate was 89.5%.CONCLUSIONS:Bortezomib combined with modified R‐CHOP produced high response rates without substantial increases in toxicity. A phase 2 study of R‐CHOP and bortezomib given at this established MTD is currently ongoing. Cancer 2012;3538–3548. © 2012 American Cancer Society.
Multicolor Super‐Resolution Fluorescence Imaging via Multi‐Parameter Fluorophore Detection
Authors: Bates Mark , Dempsey Graham T. , Chen Kok Hao , Zhuang Xiaowei 
Published: December 2011

AbstractUnderstanding the complexity of the cellular environment will benefit from the ability to unambiguously resolve multiple cellular components, simultaneously and with nanometer‐scale spatial resolution. Multicolor super‐resolution fluorescence microscopy techniques have been developed to achieve this goal, yet challenges remain in terms of the number of targets that can be simultaneously imaged and the crosstalk between color channels. Herein, we demonstrate multicolor stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) based on a multi‐parameter detection strategy, which uses both the fluorescence activation wavelength and the emission color to discriminate between photo‐activatable fluorescent probes. First, we obtained two‐color super‐resolution images using the near‐infrared cyanine dye Alexa 750 in conjunction with a red cyanine dye Alexa 647, and quantified color crosstalk levels and image registration accuracy. Combinatorial pairing of these two switchable dyes with fluorophores which enhance photo‐activation enabled multi‐parameter detection of six different probes. Using this approach, we obtained six‐color super‐resolution fluorescence images of a model sample. The combination of multiple fluorescence detection parameters for improved fluorophore discrimination promises to substantially enhance our ability to visualize multiple cellular targets with sub‐diffraction‐limit resolution.
Biosynthesis of Defensive Coccinellidae Alkaloids: Incorporation of Fatty Acids in Adaline, Coccinelline, and Harmonine
Authors: Haulotte Eveline , Laurent Pascal , Braekman Jean‐Claude 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this study, we report on in vitro incorporation experiments of several labelled fatty acids in the ladybird alkaloids coccinelline (Coccinella 7‐punctata), adaline (Adalia 2‐punctata), and harmonine (Harmonia axyridis). The obtained results clearly indicate that stearic acid is the precursor of coccinelline and harmonine, whereas myristic acid is at the origin of the carbon skeleton of adaline. Possible pathways for the biosynthesis of these alkaloids are presented.
Triply Branched Viologen Stars: Synthesis and Polymerization by Peripheral Benzyl Coupling
Authors: Constantin Veronica‐Alina , Bongard Dirk , Walder Lorenz 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe synthesis of 0th (n = 1) and 1st (n = 2) generation, monodisperse, star‐shaped oligoviologens, C[(BnV++–PhV++)nCH2X]3, which consist of a phenyl or a 2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl core (C) with triple 1,3,5‐branches, in which each branch consists of a linear alternating series of diphenyl‐ (PhV++) and dibenzyl viologens (BnV++) and a variety of peripheral groups X (CH3, OH, Br), is described. According to MM+ modeling, the stars adopt a flat structure with the branches pointing towards the corners of an equilateral triangle with a centre–corner distances of 2.9 (n = 1) and 5.8 nm (n = 2, repulsive charge interaction). Discrete redox chemistry from the benzyl‐ (–0.27, –0.70 V) and phenyl viologen subunits(–0.12, –0.42 V vs. Ag/AgCl) is observed as a set of four interdigitated reduction waves, which involve 3 × 4 = 12 (0th generation) and 3 × 8 = 24 electrons (1st generation) as shown by cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry and supported by semiempirical PM6 calculations. Viologen stars C[(BnV++–PhV++)1‐CH2Br]3 (7) and C[(BnV++–PhV++)2CH2Br]3 (12) undergo electrochemical or Zn‐induced polymerization by benzyl–benzyl radical coupling. The polymer‐modified electrodes (average film thickness of ca. 60 nm) exhibit the same electrochemistry as the monomers. They were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry, and STM, and those produced by Zn reduction by IR spectroscopy. Viologen stars in their monomeric and polymeric state represent a new multielectron redox material (12 e– and 24 e– per molecule for the 0th and 1st generation viologen stars are exchangeable, respectively) with localized redox orbitals and electrochemical activity, which exhibits four waves within a potential range of 0.58 V.
Spoilage Detection with Biogenic Amine Biosensors, Comparison of Different Enzyme Electrodes
Authors: Bóka Beáta , Adányi Nóra , Virág Diána , Sebela Marek , Kiss Attila 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThree enzyme based amperometric biosensors for biogenic amines were applied for meat spoilage monitoring. With diamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.6), the total biogenic amine content was measured. Monoamine oxidase A (EC 1.4.3.4) was used for determination of tyramine, tryptamine and phenylethylamine content. Putrescine was selectively detected with putrescine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.10). The enzymes were separately co‐immobilized on graphite electrodes with peroxidase and Os mediator (PVI7‐dme‐Os). A fast extraction method using special centrifugal separator was applied for pork and fish samples stored at different conditions. Although partial extraction was achieved, the results correlate with total biogenic amine content measured by HPLC method.
Pain in clinical oncology: Patient satisfaction with management of cancer pain
Authors: Antón A. , Montalar J. , Carulla J. , Jara C. , Batista N. , Camps C. , Cassinello J. , Sanz‐Ortiz J. , Díaz‐Rubio E. , Martínez C. , Ledesma F. , Zubillaga E. ,   ALGOS Group,   DOME III Study Group
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundDespite effective analgesic therapy, inadequate pain control is frequently perceived by patients and caregivers.AimsTo assess satisfaction with management of pain in cancer patients.MethodsBetween January and May 2007, a cross‐sectional multicentre study was conducted in 64 Medical Oncology Departments throughout Spain. A total of 525 outpatients with oncological diseases completed a questionnaire with demographic data, characteristics and intensity of pain, and perceptions and attitudes towards pain management at the time of a routine clinical visit. Physicians also completed a questionnaire with tumour‐related and treatment‐related data. Cluster analysis was used to classify patients into three groups (satisfied, neither satisfied nor dissatisfied or neutral, dissatisfied) according to pain intensity and satisfaction with treatment.ResultsPatients satisfied with their analgesic treatment (33%) had lower pain intensities and, when regularly asked about their pain, considered their physicians to be more involved in their treatment. Neither satisfied nor dissatisfied patients (neutral) (44%) had higher mean pain intensities. Two‐thirds of them achieved marked relief of their pain and also thought that physicians were aware of their situation. Dissatisfied patients (23%) had moderate to severe pain intensities, and said that they were asked less frequently about their pain, and thought that their physicians were less involved in their analgesic treatment.ConclusionPhysician–patient communication and information provided to patients are essential aspects of patient perceptions and attitudes towards control of cancer‐related pain. Pain is seen as a condition that may be controlled but affects the capacity to lead a normal life.
A Comparison of the Ninth Mental Measurements Yearbook and Test Critiques, Volumes I—III
Authors: HARMON LENORE W. 
Published: December 2011

Keyser, D.K., & Sweetland, R.C. (Eds.). (1985). Test critiques (Vols. I‐III). Kansas City, MO: Test Corporation of America.Mitchell, J.V., Jr. (Ed.). (1985). The ninth mental measurements yearbook (Vols. I & II). Lincoln: University of Nebraska, Buros Institute of Mental Measurements.
The New Scholarship on Women
Authors: ALTMAIER ELIZABETH M. , GREINER MICHELE , GRIFFIN‐PIERSON SHARON 
Published: December 2011

Biklen, S.K., & Dwyer, C. (Eds.). (1986). The new scholarship on women in education [Special issue]. Educational Researcher, 15(6).McHugh, M.C., Koeske, R.D., & Frieze, I.H. (1986). Issues to consider in conducting nonsexist psychological research. American Psychologist, 41, 879–890.
A Multicultural Perspective in an Undergraduate Human Services Program
Authors: GARCIA MIKEL HOGAN , WRIGHT JEROME W. , COREY GERALD 
Published: December 2011

This article describes the undergraduate human services program at California State University, Fullerton, which is designed to integrate theory and practice as a foundation for training human service workers. The article focuses on a course in cultural diversity that is taught from a multicultural perspective. The course is designed to help students understand and value diversity based on the nature of the clients they will be working with in the future. Because a single course is not sufficient to provide students with the necessary knowledge and skills needed for effective practice in a multicultural society, the article also describes the program's attempt to weave a multicultural perspective throughout the curriculum. We believe a multicultural curriculum improves both the academic achievement of our students and their success as future human service workers in the community because they will be able to adapt intervention strategies to meet the needs of a diverse client population.Este articulo describe el programa de estudios de Asistencia Social en California State University, Fullerton, el cual se ha diseñado para intregar la teoría y la practica como un base para entrenar a los Asistentes Sociales. El artículo se centra en un curso de diversidad cultural, enseñado desde una perspectiva multicultural. Se ha diseñado el curso para ayudar a los estudiantes a entender y evaluar la diversidad de clientes con quienes trabajarán. Porque sólo un curso no es suficiente para dar a los estudientes el conocimiento y capacidades necesarios para la práctica eficaz en una sociedad multicultural, el artículo tambien describe el intento del programa de incorporar al programa una perspectiva multicultural. Nosotros creemos que un programa multicultural mejora a la vez los resultados académicos de nuestros estudiantes y su éxito como futuros Asistentes Sociales en la comunidad, porque de esta manera podrán adaptar estrategias de intervención para una población variada de clientes.
Multicultural Counseling Instruction: A Challenge for Faculties in the 21st Century
Authors: MIDGETTE THOMAS E. , MEGGERT SANDRA S. 
Published: December 2011

Publicly, most counselors and therapists subscribe to the notion that there is a need and rationale for a multicultural perspective to better serve the culturally different. Professionals in many counselor education programs, however, have only superficially addressed this issue. In this article we describe some of the challenges facing faculties in the 21st century and why counselor training programs must be more assertive in addressing cultural competency issues as they relate to counseling theories, practice, and research. Strategies are provided that may be used in program and curricula development.La mayoría de consejeros y terapéutas subscribirían públicamente la idea de que hay una necisidad y una razón fundemental para la perspectiva multicultural para asistir mejor a los que son diferentes culturalmente hablando. Sin embargo, muchos programas de consejería solamente se dirigen superficialmente a este asunto. En este artículo se describen algunos de los desafios a los que las facultades se enfrentarán en el siglo XXI y porque los programas de entrenamiento de consejeros tienen que ser más agresivos al referirse a los asuntos de competencia cultural en relación con las teorías, la práctica, y las investigaciones de consejería. Se dan estrategias que se pueden utilizar en el desarrollo de programas.
Model Competencies for Attending Behavior
Authors: STOKES JOSEPH POWELL 
Published: December 2011

Properties of an effective competency‐based training programare considered, and it is suggested that well‐written competencies must be measurable, reliable, and valid.If these conditions cannot be met, then competency‐based training is inappropri‐ate. Eight model competencies for attending behavior are presented. The data which are presented indicate that these competencies can be measured reliably. Although these competencies were developed for use with microcounselingtraining, they are easily adaptable to other training programs.
Counselor Anxiety During a Counseling Interview
Authors: BOWMAN JAMES T. , ROBERTS GAYLE T. 
Published: December 2011

Physiological and subjective measures of counselor anxiety were compared to determine if counselors experienced greater anxiety during a counseling interview than during a conversation, Twenty experienced rehabilitation counselors in a graduate‐level practicum course volunteered to participate in a 10‐minute conversation and counseling session. Anxiety was assessed by self‐report skin conductance and heart‐rate measures.Results indicated that there were no significant treatment, period, or interaction effects for heart‐rate data; however, there was a significant period effect for conductance data. There were no significant differences for participants' self‐report evaluations of the two situations. Baseline autonomic data were highly related to autonomic data during the anticipation and stimulus periods, and preexperimental self‐report data were moderately related to postexperimental self‐report data. Conclusions were that counselors experiencecomparable anxiety during counseling and conversing, that expectation accounts for most of the counselors' anxiety, and that baseline physiological and self‐report data may prove useful in identifying counselors who would experience anxiety during an interview.
Continuing Education for School Counselors
Authors: DILLEY JOSIAH 
Published: December 2011

Recently, changes have occurred in American society and in the focus of education. Women's liberation, career education, and single‐parent families are three important examples. Each example presents the counselor with expectations and problems that were not present in earlier times. Counselors who received their training 20, 10, 5, and even 3 years ago are probably not meeting present challenges as effectively as they might. Counselors need to learn new skills to meet changing conditions or run the risk of becoming ineffective or irrelevant.One model for the continuing education of counselors was described by Pulvino and Perrone (1973). This article reports on seven years of experience with that model at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.
Presidential Address: Advocating for Meaningful Linkages to Our Global Future
Authors: THOMAS MICHELE B. 
Published: December 2011

Reproduced here is the presidential address delivered at the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES) luncheon at the American Counseling Association's annual conference in Indianapolis, Indiana on March 30, 1998.Life is a journey. Its direction is more important than its destination. Whether you try surfing at 30 or 80, the fact that you reached out to experience it is the key. I'm always leery when I think “I have arrived,” for then the creative process in me erupts to jolt me to the realization that the journey is never‐ending and the essence of being human. … I can choose. It is my lot as a human being to choose growth. (Thomas, 1992, xiii)
The Intersection of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Social Class in Counseling: Examining Selves in Cultural Contexts
Authors: Constantine Madonna G. 
Published: December 2011

The author discusses the importance of counselors considering the intersection of multiple cultural identities in working with clients. The article serves as the introduction to the special issue, Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Social Class in Counseling, of the Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development.La autora discute la importancia de considerar el cruce de las identidades culturales multiples de los clientes en la consejería. El artículo sirve como la introducción a la publicación especial, Raza, Etnicidad, y Clase Social, en la Consejería de la Revista de Consejería y Desarrollo Multicultural.