bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Results of a retrospective observational study of intermediate care staffed by hospitalists: Impact on mortality, co‐management, and teaching
Authors: Lucena Juan Felipe , Alegre Félix , Rodil Raquel , Landecho Manuel Fortún , García‐Mouriz Alberto , Marqués Margarita , Aquerreta Irene , García Nicolás , Quiroga Jorge 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hospitalized patients are complex and institutions have to face the high cost of critical care and the limited resources of the ward. Intermediate care appears as an attractive strategy to provide rational care according to patient needs. It is an interesting scenario to expand co‐management and teaching.STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective observational study.SETTING:Intermediate care unit (ImCU) of a single academic hospital.PATIENTS AND METHODS:456 patients admitted from April 2006 to April 2010 were included in the study. Demographics, admission physiologic parameters and in‐hospital mortality were recorded. We used the Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) as prognostic score system. Co‐management with medical and surgical teams, and the number of training residents were evaluated.RESULTS:In‐hospital mortality was 20.6%, whereas the expected mortality was 23.2% based on SAPS II score. The correlation between SAPS II predicted and observed death rates was accurate and statistically significant (Rho = 1.0, p < 0.001). Co‐management was performed with several medical and surgical teams, with an increase in perioperative comanagement of 22.7% (p = 0.014). The number of training residents in ImCU increased from 4.3% to 30.4% (p = 0.002)CONCLUSIONS:An ImCU led by hospitalists showed encouraging results regarding patient survival and SAPS II is an useful tool for prognostic evaluation in this population. Intermediate care serves as an expansion of role for hospitalists; and clinicians, trainees and patients may benefit from co‐management and teaching opportunities at this unique level of care. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
ACUTE center for eating disorders
Authors: Chu Eugene S. , Gaudiani Jennifer L. , Mascolo Margherita , Statland Barbara , Sabel Allison , Carroll Kim , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:While patients with anorexia nervosa have a high mortality rate, more are living into adulthood. Patients with severe malnutrition secondary to anorexia nervosa often require hospitalization for medical stabilization prior to treatment in eating disorders programs.METHODS:We developed the ACUTE Center at Denver Health Medical Center to medically stabilize adults with the medical complications of severe malnutrition due to an eating disorder. The first 2 years of patient characteristics and outcomes are reported.RESULTS:From October 2008 through December 2010, the ACUTE unit had 76 admissions of which 62 were for medical stabilization, comprising 54 patients. Eighty‐nine percent of patients were female. The mean age was 27 years old (range 17–65). The mean body mass index on admission was 12.9 kg/m2 (standard deviation [SD] 2.0). At admission, patients were hyponatremic, anemic, and leukopenic, with low bone density, but had normal albumin levels. The mean body mass index on discharge was 13.1 ± 1.9 kg/m2. Median length of stay was 16 days (interquartile range [IQR] 9–29 days). Eighteen percent were discharged to home and eighty‐two percent were discharged to inpatient psychiatric eating disorder units. Inpatient mortality was zero.DISCUSSION:Patients with this degree of severe malnutrition due to eating disorders are medically complex and relatively uncommon. Regionalized subspecialty centers of excellence, in which a multidisciplinary team is led by practitioners of hospital medicine who have developed expertise in a rare condition, may improve clinical outcomes, optimize healthcare resources, and provide unique professional and academic opportunities for the clinicians involved. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012;. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Job characteristics, satisfaction, and burnout across hospitalist practice models
Authors: Hinami Keiki , Whelan Chad T. , Miller Joseph A. , Wolosin Robert J. , Wetterneck Tosha B. ,   for the Society of Hospital Medicine Career Satisfaction Task Force
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:Nearly two‐thirds of hospitals in the United States are served by hospitalist physicians. How hospitalist work patterns and job satisfaction vary across various practice models is unknown.METHODS:We administered the Hospitalist Worklife Survey to a randomized stratified sample of 3105 potential hospitalists and 662 hospitalist members of 3 multistate hospitalist companies. Details about respondents' hospitalist group characteristics, their work patterns, and satisfaction with 2 global and 11 domain measures were assessed. Factors influencing job satisfaction were also solicited. These factors, job characteristics, job satisfaction, and burnout were compared across predefined practice models.RESULTS:The adjusted response rate was 25.6%. Among the respondents, 44% were employed by a hospital, 15% by a multispecialty physician group, 14% by a multistate hospitalist group, 14% by a university or medical school, 12% by a local hospitalist group, and 2% by other. Hospitalists of local groups reported more clinical shifts per month, and hospitalists of local and multistate groups reported more billable encounters per shift compared to other practice models. Academic hospitalists reported fewer night shifts, fewer billable encounters per shift, more nonclinical work hours, and lower earnings compared to other practice models. Differences in clinical and nonclinical responsibilities, and differences in factors most important to job satisfaction, were noted across the 5 models. Despite these differences, levels of global job satisfaction and burnout were similar across the practice models.CONCLUSIONS:Work patterns, compensation, and hospitalists' priorities varied significantly across practice models. Overall job satisfaction and burnout were similar across models, despite these differences. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012; © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine
Movement disorders: role of imaging in diagnosis
Authors: Mascalchi Mario , Vella Alessandra , Ceravolo Roberto 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI and single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) have a considerable role in the diagnosis of the single patient with movement disorders. Conventional MRI demonstrates symptomatic causes of parkinsonism but does not show any specific finding in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, SPECT using tracers of the dopamine transporter (DAT) demonstrates an asymmetric decrease of the uptake in the putamen and caudate from the earliest clinical stages. In other degenerative forms of parkinsonism, including progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multisystem atrophy (MSA), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), MRI reveals characteristic patterns of regional atrophy combined with signal changes or microstructural changes in the basal ganglia, pons, middle and superior cerebellar peduncles, and cerebral subcortical white matter. SPECT demonstrates a decreased uptake of tracers of the dopamine D2 receptors in the striata of patients with PSP and MSA, which is not observed in early PD. MRI also significantly contributes to the diagnosis of some inherited hyperkinetic conditions including neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation and fragile‐X tremor/ataxia syndrome by revealing characteristic symmetric signal changes in the basal ganglia and middle cerebellar peduncles, respectively. A combination of the clinical features with MRI and SPECT is recommended for optimization of the diagnostic algorithm in movement disorders. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;239‐256. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of pulse wave velocity in the thoracic aorta by flow‐sensitive four‐dimensional MRI: Reproducibility and correlation with characteristics in patients with aortic atherosclerosis
Authors: Markl Michael , Wallis Wolf , Strecker Christoph , Gladstone Beryl Primrose , Vach Werner , Harloff Andreas 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurpose:To measure aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) using flow‐sensitive four‐dimensional (4D) MRI and to evaluate test–retest reliability, inter‐ and intra‐observer variability in volunteers and correlation with characteristics in patients with aortic atherosclerosis.Materials and Methods:Flow‐sensitive 4D MRI was performed in 12 volunteers (24 ± 3 years) and 86 acute stroke patients (68 ± 9 years) with aortic atherosclerosis. Retrospectively positioned 28 ± 4 analysis planes along the entire aorta (inter‐slice‐distance = 10 mm) and frame wise lumen segmentation yielded flow‐time‐curves for each plane. Global aortic PWV was calculated from time‐shifts and distances between the upslope portions of all available flow‐time curves.Results:Inter‐ and intra‐observer variability of PWV measurements in volunteers (7% and 8%) was low while test–retest reliability (22%) was moderate. PWV in patients was significantly higher compared with volunteers (5.8 ± 2.9 versus 3.8 ± 0.8 m/s; P = 0.02). Among 17 patient characteristics considered, statistical analysis revealed significant (P < 0.05) but low correlation of PWV with age (r = 0.25), aortic valve insufficiency (r = 0.29), and pulse pressure (r = 0.28). Multivariate modeling indicated that aortic valve insufficiency and elevated pulse pressure were significantly associated with higher PWV (adjusted R2 = 0.13).Conclusion:Flow‐sensitive 4D MRI allows for estimating aortic PWV with low observer dependence and moderate test–retest reliability. PWV in patients correlated with age, aortic valve insufficiency, and pulse pressure. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1162‐1168. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Noninvasive evaluation of 3D hemodynamics in a complex case of single ventricle physiology
Authors: Markl Michael , Geiger Julia , Jung Bernd , Hirtler Daniel , Arnold Raoul 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe report the comprehensive evaluation of the complex hemodynamics in a rare case of a pediatric patient after repair of congenital heart disease with multiple abnormalities including hypoplastic left heart, double outlet right ventricle, transposition of great arteries, ventricular septal defect, aortic coarctation, and total cavopulmonary connection. Based on a single measurement, whole‐heart flow‐sensitive 4D magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was able to demonstrate a number of regional flow alterations such as poststenotic helix formation and asymmetric flow distributions for the double arterial outlet and to the left and right lungs. Our findings illustrate the potential role of flow‐sensitive 4D MRI as a noninvasive and radiation‐free technique for the frequent postinterventional follow‐up in these pediatric patients. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:933–937. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diffusion‐weighted MRI in rectal cancer: Apparent diffusion coefficient as a potential noninvasive marker of tumor aggressiveness
Authors: Curvo‐Semedo Luís , Lambregts Doenja M.J. , Maas Monique , Beets Geerard L. , Caseiro‐Alves Filipe , Beets‐Tan Regina G.H. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurpose:To assess the value of diffusion‐weighted MR imaging (DWI) as a potential noninvasive marker of tumor aggressiveness in rectal cancer, by analyzing the relationship between tumoral apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and MRI and histological prognostic parameters.Materials and Methods:Fifty rectal cancer patients underwent primary staging MRI including DWI before surgery and neo‐adjuvant therapy. In 47, surgery was preceded by short‐course radiation therapy (n = 28) or long‐course chemoradiation therapy (n = 19). Mean tumor ADC was measured and compared between subgroups based on pretreatment CEA levels, MRI parameters (mesorectal fascia ‐ MRF ‐ status; T‐stage; N‐stage) and histological parameters (differentiation grade: poorly differentiated, poorly moderately differentiated, moderately differentiated, moderately well differentiated, well‐differentiated; lymphangiovascular invasion).Results:Mean tumor ADCs differ between MRF‐free versus MRF‐invaded tumors (P = 0.013), the groups of cN0 versus cN+ cancers (P = 0.011), and between the several groups of histological differentiation grades (P = 0.025). There was no significant difference in mean ADCs between the various groups of CEA levels, the T stage, and the presence of lymphangiovascular invasion.Conclusion:Lower ADC values were associated with a more aggressive tumor profile. Significant correlations were found between mean ADC values and radiological MRF status, N stage and differentiation grade. ADC has the potential to become an imaging biomarker of tumor aggressiveness profile. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1365–1371. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The AD 1717 rock avalanche deposits in the upper Ferret Valley (Italy): a dating approach with cosmogenic 10Be
Authors: Akçar Naki , Deline Philip , Ivy‐Ochs Susan , Alfimov Vasily , Hajdas Irka , Kubik Peter W. , Christl Marcus , Schlüchter Christian 
Published: January 2012

AbstractOn 12 September AD 1717, a rock volume larger than 10 million m3 collapsed onto the Triolet Glacier, mobilized a mass composed of ice and sediment and travelled more than 7 km downvalley in the upper Ferret Valley, Mont Blanc Massif (Italy). This rock avalanche destroyed two small settlements, causing seven casualties and loss of livestock. No detailed maps were made at the time. Later investigators attributed accumulations of granitic boulders and irregular ridges on the upper valley floor to either glacial deposition, or the AD 1717 rock avalanche, or a complex mixture of glacial deposition, earlier rock avalanche and AD 1717 rock avalanche origin. In this study, we present cosmogenic 10Be exposure ages from nine boulders in the extensive chaotic boulder deposit with irregular ridges, two from Holocene glacier‐free areas, and one from a Little Ice Age moraine. Exposure ages between 330 ± 23 and 483 ± 123 a from eight of nine boulders from the chaotic deposit indicate that at least seven were deposited by the AD 1717 rock avalanche. The other three boulders yielded 10Be exposure ages of 10 900 ± 400, 9700 ± 400 and 244 ± 97 a, respectively. Our results are in good agreement with the existing chronology from dendrochronology and lichenometry, and radiocarbon analysis of wood samples, but not with older 14C ages from a peat bog in the upper part of the valley. Based on the new age control, the rock avalanche deposits cover the whole bottom of the upper Ferret valley. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substituent effects on enol nitrosation of 1,3‐diketones
Authors: Iglesias Emilia 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe keto–enol tautomerism of 3‐chloro‐pentane‐2,4‐dione (ClPD) was studied in aqueous micellar solutions of cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants. The enol of ClPD tautomerizes rapidly in water to the equilibrium proportions of the keto form, KE=0.55; whereas the keto–enol conversion of 3‐ethyl‐pentane‐2,4‐dione (EPD) is a much slower reaction than the enol nitrosation. Kinetics of enol –nitrosation of both ClPD and EPD in aqueous acid medium using nitrous acid shows first‐order dependence upon [ketone] and linear or curve relationships of the observed rate constant, ko, as a function of [nitrite] or [H+]; the observed behavior depends on the molecular structure of diketone and varies with the experimental conditions. The reaction is strongly catalyzed by Cl−, Br−, or SCN−, and the observed rate constant shows a curve dependence on [Br−] or [SCN−], which is more pronounced at high acidity. The results are consistent with a reaction mechanism in which the nitrosation occurs initially on the enol–oxygen and releasing a proton to form a chelate–nitrosyl complex intermediate in steady state. Fine differences on the mechanistic spectrum of enols nitrosation are considered on the basis of the molecular structure of the diketone. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 44: 668–679, 2012
Prevalence and causes of dysphonia in a large treatment‐seeking population
Authors: Cohen Seth M. , Kim Jaewhan , Roy Nelson , Asche Carl , Courey Mark 
Published: January 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To determine the prevalence and common causes of dysphonia as diagnosed by primary care physicians (PCPs) and otolaryngologists and to evaluate differences in etiologies offered by these providers.Study Design:Retrospective analysis of data from a large, nationally representative administrative U.S. claims database.Methods:Patients were identified as dysphonic based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2008. Data regarding age, sex, geographic location, and type of physician providing the dysphonia diagnosis were collected. Overall and age‐related prevalence rates, as well as frequency of specific etiologies by provider type, were calculated.Results:Of the almost 55 million individuals in the database, 536,943 patients (ages 0 to >65 years) were given a dysphonia diagnosis (point prevalence rate of 0.98%). The prevalence rate was higher among females as compared to males (1.2% vs. 0.7%) and among those >70 years of age (2.5%). The most frequent diagnoses overall were acute laryngitis, nonspecific dysphonia, benign vocal fold lesions, and chronic laryngitis. PCPs more commonly diagnosed acute laryngitis, whereas otolaryngologists more commonly diagnosed nonspecific dysphonia and laryngeal pathology. Gastroesophageal reflux was more commonly diagnosed as a comorbid condition by otolaryngologists than by PCPs. Overall laryngeal cancer prevalence in this treatment‐seeking population was 2.2% and was greatest among males >70 years of age.Conclusions:This analysis of insurance claims data from a nationally representative database represents the largest study of its kind. Important differences in dysphonia prevalence related to age, sex, diagnosis, and physician type were identified. Laryngoscope, 122:343–348, 2012
A New procedure for temporary auxiliary partial liver transplantation using living donor graft for patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy
Authors: Ohno Yasunari , Kobayashi Akira , Ikegami Toshihiko , Masuda Yuichi , Mita Atsuyoshi , Urata Koichi , Nakazawa Yuichi , Terada Masaru , Ikeda Shu-ichi , Miyagawa Shinichi 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
To introduce duct-to-duct biliary anastomosis to conventional temporary auxiliary partial orthotopic liver transplantation (APOLT) using living donor graft for patients with familial amyloid polyneuropathy, we modified the conventional APOLT procedure in a manner characterized by the use of the recipient's common hepatic duct for biliary reconstruction and the preservation of the right posterior section alone for the certain placement of a tube into the corresponding biliary tree for external biliary drainage (modified APOLT). This procedure was performed in 3 patients without biliary complications. No complications associated with the external drainage tube occurred. Here we report the techniques and results for this new procedure. Liver Transpl, 2012. © 2012 AASLD.
Synthesis of Graft Copolymers Based on Poly(2‐Methoxyethyl Acrylate) and Investigation of the Associated Water Structure
Authors: Javakhishvili Irakli , Tanaka Masaru , Ogura Keiko , Jankova Katja , Hvilsted Søren 
Published: January 2012

AbstractGraft copolymers composed of poly(2‐methoxyethyl acrylate) are prepared employing controlled radical polymerization techniques. Linear backbones bearing atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiating sites are obtained by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer copolymerization of 2‐methoxyethyl acrylate (MEA) and 2‐(bromoisobutyryloxy)ethyl methacrylate (BriBuEMA) as well as 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate and BriBuEMA in a controlled manner . MEA is then grafted from the linear macroinitiators by Cu (I)‐mediated ATRP. Fairly high molecular weights (>120 000 Da) and low polydispersity indices (1.17–1.38) are attained. Thermal investigations of the graft copolymers indicate the presence of the freezing bound water, and imply that the materials may exhibit blood compatibility.
Annealing Effect on Electrospun Polymer Fibers and Their Transformation into Polymer Microspheres
Authors: Fan Ping‐Wen , Chen Wan‐Ling , Lee Ting‐Hsien , Chen Jiun‐Tai 
Published: January 2012

AbstractElectrospinning is a simple and convenient technique to produce polymer fibers with diameters ranging from several nanometers to a few micrometers. Different types of polymer fibers have been prepared by electrospinning for various applications. Among different post‐treatment methods of electrospun polymer fibers, the annealing process plays a critical role in controlling the fiber properties. The morphology changes of electrospun polymer fibers under annealing, however, have been little studied. Here we investigate the annealing effect of electrospun poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fibers and their transformation into PMMA microspheres. PMMA fibers with an average size of 2.39 μm are first prepared by electrospinning a 35 wt% PMMA solution in dimethylformamide. After the electrospun fibers are thermally annealed in ethylene glycol, a non‐solvent for PMMA, the surfaces of the fibers undulate and transform into microspheres driven by the Rayleigh instability. The driving force of the transformation process is the minimization of the interfacial energy between the polymer fibers and ethylene glycol. The sizes of the microspheres fit well with the theoretical predictions. Longer annealing times are found to be required at lower temperatures to obtain the microspheres.
A Novel Thermotropic Elastomer based on Highly‐filled LDH‐SSB Composites
Authors: Das Amit , George Jinu Jacob , Kutlu Burak , Leuteritz Andreas , Wang De‐Yi , Rooj Sandip , Jurk René , Rajeshbabu Ramanujam , Stöckelhuber Klaus Werner , Galiatsatos Vassilios , Heinrich Gert 
Published: January 2012

AbstractElastomeric composites are prepared based on solution styrene butadiene elastomer and zinc‐aluminium layered double hydroxides (LDH), using a conventional sulphur cure system. Up to 100 parts per hundred rubber of LDH are incorporated into the elastomer matrix. The composites exhibit an interesting phenomenon of thermoreversible transparency, i.e. the transparent sample becomes opaque at warm condition and restores the transparency at room temperature. The transparency is found to be increased as the amount of LDH was increased. The addition of LDH gradually improved the mechanical, dynamic mechanical performance and thermal stability of the base elastomer. These developped elastomers could be utilised as smart materials in different applications.