bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and functional interaction between CB1cannabinoid receptors and β2‐adrenoceptors
Authors: Hudson Brian D , Hébert Terence E , Kelly Melanie EM 
Published: May 2010

Background and purpose: The CB1cannabinoid receptor and the β2‐adrenoceptor are G protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) co‐expressed in many tissues. The present study examined physical and functional interactions between these receptors in a heterologous expression system and in primary human ocular cells.Experimental approach: Physical interactions between CB1receptors and β2‐adrenoceptors were assessed using bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET). Functional interactions between these receptors were evaluated by examining receptor trafficking, as well as extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and cyclic AMP response element binding protein (CREB) signalling.Key results: Physical interactions between CB1receptors and β2‐adrenoceptors were demonstrated using BRET. In human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293H cells, co‐expression of β2‐adrenoceptors tempered the constitutive activity and increased cell surface expression of CB1receptors. Co‐expression altered the signalling properties of CB1receptors, resulting in increased Gαi‐dependent ERK phosphorylation, but decreased non‐Gαi‐mediated CREB phosphorylation. The CB1receptor inverse agonist AM251 (N‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)‐5‐(4‐iodophenyl)‐1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐4‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxamide) attenuated β2‐adrenoceptor‐pERK signalling in cells expressing both receptors, while the CB1receptor neutral antagonist O‐2050 ((6aR,10aR)‐3‐(1‐methanesulfonylamino‐4‐hexyn‐6‐yl)‐6a,7,10,10a‐tetrahydro‐6,6,9‐trimethyl‐6H‐dibenzo[b,d]pyran) did not. The actions of AM251 and O‐2050 were further examined in primary human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells, which are ocular cells endogenously co‐expressing CB1receptors and β2‐adrenoceptors. In HTM cells, as in HEK 293H cells, AM251 but not O‐2050, altered the β2‐adrenoceptor–pERK response.Conclusion and implications: A complex interaction was demonstrated between CB1receptors and β2‐adrenoceptors in HEK 293H cells. As similar functional interactions were also observed in HTM cells, such interactions may affect the pharmacology of these receptors in tissues where they are endogenously co‐expressed.This article is part of a themed issue on Cannabinoids. To view the editorial for this themed issue visithttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476‐5381.2010.00831.x
Ciprofloxacin inhibits advanced glycation end products‐induced adhesion molecule expression on human monocytes
Authors: Mori S , Takahashi HK , Liu K , Wake H , Zhang J , Liu R , Yoshino T , Nishibori M 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) subtypes, proteins or lipids that become glycated after exposure to sugars, can induce complications in diabetes. Among the various AGE subtypes, glyceraldehyde‐derived AGE (AGE‐2) and glycolaldehyde‐derived AGE (AGE‐3) are involved in inflammation in diabetic patients; monocytes are activated by these AGEs. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a fluorinated 4‐quinolone, is often used clinically to treat infections associated with diabetis due to its antibacterial properties. It also modulates immune responses in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) therefore we investigated the involvement of AGEs in these effects.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHExpression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)‐1, B7.1, B7.2 and CD40 was examined by flow cytometry. The production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interferon (IFN)‐γ, prostaglandin E2(PGE2) and cAMP were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2 expression was determined by Western blot analysis. Lymphocyte proliferation was determined by [3H]‐thymidine uptake.KEY RESULTSCIP induced PGE2production in monocytes, irrespective of the presence of AGE‐2 and AGE‐3, by enhancing COX‐2 expression; this led to an elevation of intracellular cAMP in monocytes. Non‐selective and selective COX‐2 inhibitors, indomethacin and NS398, inhibited CIP‐induced PGE2and cAMP production. In addition, CIP inhibited AGE‐2‐ and AGE‐3‐induced expressions of ICAM‐1, B7.1, B7.2 and CD40 in monocytes, the production of TNF‐α and IFN‐γ and lymphocyte proliferation in PBMC. Indomethacin, NS398 and a protein kinase A inhibitor, H89, inhibited the actions of CIP.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONSCIP exerts immunomodulatory activity via PGE2, implying therapeutic potential of CIP for the treatment of AGE‐2‐ and AGE‐3‐induced inflammatory responses.
Selective inhibition of persistent sodium current by F 15845 prevents ischaemia‐induced arrhythmias
Authors: Pignier C , Rougier J‐S , Vié B , Culié C , Verscheure Y , Vacher B , Abriel H , Le Grand B 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Myocardial ischaemia is associated with perturbations of electrophysiological profile of cardiac myocytes. The persistent sodium current (INap) is one of the major contributors to ischaemic arrhythmias and appears as an attractive therapeutic target. We investigated the effects of F 15845, a new anti‐anginal drug on INap and in integrative models of INap‐induced arrhythmias.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Sodium current was investigated using patch clamp technique on wild‐type and ΔKPQ‐mutated hNav1.5 channels transfected in HEK293 cells. Effects of F 15845 on action potentials (APs) were studied by the glass microelectrode technique and its anti‐arrhythmic activities were investigated in ischaemia‐ and aconitine‐induced arrhythmias in the rat.KEY RESULTS We demonstrated that F 15845 is a potent blocker of INap acting from the extracellular side of the channel. Blockade of INap was voltage dependent and characterized by an almost pure tonic block. F 15845 shortened AP from rabbit Purkinje fibres, confirming its lack of pro‐arrhythmic activity, and prevented AP lengthening induced by the INap activator veratridine. F 15845 did not affect APs from rabbit atria and guinea pig papillary muscle where INap is not functional, confirming its inability to affect other cardiac ionic currents. F 15845 was effective at preventing fatal ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia during coronary ligation without modifying heart rate and blood pressure, and dose dependently increased the dose threshold of aconitine required to induce ventricular arrhythmias.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS F 15845, a novel anti‐anginal drug targeting INap, demonstrates new anti‐arrhythmic properties which may be of therapeutic benefit against ischaemia‐induced arrhythmias
Inverse agonism of cannabinoid CB1 receptors potentiates LiCl‐induced nausea in the conditioned gaping model in rats
Authors: Limebeer CL , Vemuri VK , Bedard H , Lang ST , Ossenkopp KP , Makriyannis A , Parker LA 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonists/inverse agonists, potentiate toxin‐induced nausea and vomiting in animal models. Here, we sought to determine if this potentiated nausea was mediated by inverse agonism or neutral antagonism of the CB1 receptor, and if the potentiated nausea would be produced by intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of an inverse agonist.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The conditioned gaping model of nausea in rats was used to compare the CB1 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist, AM251, and the CB1 receptor neutral antagonists, AM6527 (centrally and peripherally active) and AM6545 (peripherally active), in potentiating conditioned gaping produced by lithium chloride (LiCl) solution. The effect of icv (lateral ventricle and 4th ventricle) administration of AM251 on LiCl‐induced gaping in this model was also evaluated.KEY RESULTS At a dose that did not produce conditioned gaping on its own, systemically administered AM251 (1.25 mg·kg−1) potentiated LiCl‐induced conditioned gaping and reduced sucrose palatability; however, even doses as high as 8 mg·kg−1 of AM6545 and AM6527 neither potentiated LiCl‐induced conditioned gaping nor reduced sucrose palatability. Infusions of AM251 into the lateral ventricles (1.25, 12.5 and 125 µg) or the 4th ventricle (2.5, 12.5 and 125 µg) did not potentiate LiCl‐induced conditioned gaping reactions, but all doses attenuated saccharin palatability during the subsequent test.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Inverse agonism, but not neutral antagonism, of CB1 receptors potentiated toxin‐induced nausea. This effect may be peripherally mediated or may be mediated centrally by action on CB1 receptors, located distal to the cerebral ventricles.
A randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating the performance and safety of platelets treated with MIRASOL pathogen reduction technology
Authors: Cazenave J‐P. , Folléa G. , Bardiaux L. , Boiron J.‐M. , Lafeuillade B. , Debost M. , Lioure B. , Harousseau J‐L. , Tabrizi R. , Cahn J.‐Y. , Michallet M. , Ambruso D. , Schots R. , Tissot J.‐D. , Sensebé L. , Kondo T. , McCullough J. , Rebulla Paolo , Escolar Gines , Mintz P. , Heddle N.M. , Goodrich R.P. , Bruhwyler J. , Le C. , Cook R.J. , Stouch B. ,   for members of the The Mirasol Clinical Evaluation Study Group
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND: Pathogen reduction of platelets (PRT‐PLTs) using riboflavin and ultraviolet light treatment has undergone Phase 1 and 2 studies examining efficacy and safety. This randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT) assessed the efficacy and safety of PRT‐PLTs using the 1‐hour corrected count increment (CCI1hour) as the primary outcome.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A noninferiority RCT was performed where patients with chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (six centers) were randomly allocated to receive PRT‐PLTs (Mirasol PRT, CaridianBCT Biotechnologies) or reference platelet (PLT) products. The treatment period was 28 days followed by a 28‐day follow‐up (safety) period. The primary outcome was the CCI1hour determined using up to the first eight on‐protocol PLT transfusions given during the treatment period.RESULTS: A total of 118 patients were randomly assigned (60 to PRT‐PLTs; 58 to reference). Four patients per group did not require PLT transfusions leaving 110 patients in the analysis (56 PRT‐PLTs; 54 reference). A total of 541 on‐protocol PLT transfusions were given (303 PRT‐PLTs; 238 reference). The least square mean CCI was 11,725 (standard error [SE], 1.140) for PRT‐PLTs and 16,939 (SE, 1.149) for the reference group (difference, −5214; 95% confidence interval, −7542 to −2887; p < 0.0001 for a test of the null hypothesis of no difference between the two groups).CONCLUSION: The study failed to show noninferiority of PRT‐PLTs based on predefined CCI criteria. PLT and red blood cell utilization in the two groups was not significantly different suggesting that the slightly lower CCIs (PRT‐PLTs) did not increase blood product utilization. Safety data showed similar findings in the two groups. Further studies are required to determine if the lower CCI observed with PRT‐PLTs translates into an increased risk of bleeding.
ABO hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn: an iatrogenic complication of heterologous assisted reproductive technology‐induced pregnancy
Authors: Zuppa Antonio Alberto , Cardiello Valentina , Lai Marco , Cataldi Luigi , D'Andrea Vito , Romagnoli Costantino 
Published: May 2010

BACKGROUND: ABO hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (ABO HDFN) may manifest itself in cases of mothers belonging to blood group O and newborns of groups A or B and more frequently in group A and less so in group B.CASE STUDY: The case subjects are twin‐birth newborns with ABO HDFN, of group AB born to a mother of group O. These cases of ABO HDFN prove inconsistent with Mendel's law of segregation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This case study finds its explanation in new methods of assisted reproduction, particularly heterologous in vitro fertilization with ovodonation.
Differences in the job satisfaction of high‐paid and low‐paid workers across Europe
Authors: POULIAKAS Konstantinos , THEODOSSIOU Ioannis 
Published: May 2010

Abstract.Data from six waves of the European Community Household Panel (1996–2001) in 11 countries suggest that low‐paid employees are significantly less satisfied with their job than the high‐paid in southern Europe, but not in the northern countries. Proxying job satisfaction for job quality, the authors show that while low‐paid employment does not necessarily mean low‐quality employment, workers in some countries suffer the double penalty of low pay and low job quality. Such dualism across European labour markets, they argue, reflects different country‐level approaches to the trade‐off between flexibility and security, calling for a policy focus on the latter to enhance job quality.
Emergence of fluoroquinolone‐resistant clonal group A: clonal analysis of Norwegian and Russian E. coli isolates
Authors: STRAND LINDA , JENKINS ANDREW , GRUDE NILS , ALLUM ANNE‐GRY , MYKLAND HILDE‐CHRISTINE , NOWROUZIAN FOUROUGH L. , KRISTIANSEN BJøRN‐ERIK 
Published: May 2010

Strand L, Jenkins A, Grude N, Allum A‐G, Mykland H‐C, Nowrouzian FL, Kristiansen B‐E. Emergence of fluoroquinolone‐resistant clonal group A: clonal analysis of Norwegian and Russian E. coli isolates. APMIS 2010; 118: 571–77.We describe a study of urinary tract and intestinal isolates of Escherichia coli from Norway and Russia using automated ribotyping, single nucleotide polymorphism analysis for clonal group A (CgA) supplemented with phylogrouping, virulence gene profiling and resistance profiling. CgA comprised 19% of the Norwegian UTI isolates from 2001. Two highly multiresistant fluoroquinolone‐resistant CgA isolates were found. Ribotypes clustered into four major and six minor groups (ribogroups). Fluoroquinolone‐resistant isolates and phylogroups A and B1 were associated with ribogroup RA. Ribogroup RB predominated among Russian UTI isolates and was predominantly phylogroup A and depleted in P‐fimbriae. Ribogroup RC predominated among Norwegian UTI isolates and was rich in virulence factors (S‐fimbriae, haemagglutinin and haemolysin) and predominantly phylogroup B2 and D. Ribogroup RG was associated with CgA and predominantly phylogroup D. Ribogroups RD, RE and RF had too few members for statistical analysis. The correlation between ribotype and phylogenetic group was not as strong as reported in other studies.
Presence of both parents during consent process in non‐therapeutic neonatal research increases positive response
Authors: Korotchikova Irina , Boylan Geraldine B , Dempsey Eugene M , Ryan C Anthony 
Published: May 2010

AbstractAim:  To investigate factors that influenced parental consent/non‐consent in a non‐therapeutic electroencephalogram (EEG) study in healthy newborns.Methods:  Parents of healthy newborns were approached to participate in a neonatal EEG study within 36 h of birth. The rationale and risks/benefits of the study were explained. Any concerns were discussed, and detailed information about the EEG study was provided in the consent form. In the case of refusing/withdrawing consent, an informal interview was used to investigate the reasons, which were subsequently analysed and grouped according to the four principles of the consent process.Results:  A total of 123 parents were included in the study. Parental consent was obtained in 72/123 (59%) cases, 10/123 (8%) parents subsequently withdrew their consent and 41/123 (33%) parents refused to participate in the study. Consent was more likely if both parents were present (p < 0.0001). When the mothers were approached alone, obtaining consent was significantly more difficult within the first 6 hours of delivery, compared to a later approach (37% vs. 67% respectively; p = 0.009).Refusals were classified into issues of voluntariness (7%), informed choice (10%), understanding (54%) and competence (29%).Conclusion:  Parents of healthy newborns demonstrated a positive attitude towards non‐therapeutic neonatal research with maximal consent occurring when both parents were present. Parental perception of harm was the main reason for declining consent.
School, Family, Neighbourhood: Which is Most Important to a Child's Education?
Authors: Leckie George , Pillinger Rebecca , Jenkins Jennifer , Rasbash Jon 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
The school, the family, and the neighbourhood they grow up in are all important to how children perform academically. But which has most influence? Does a supportive family outweigh deprived surroundings or the school you attend? Or is the most important factor the child itself?George Leckie, Rebecca Pillinger, Jennifer Jenkins and Jon Rasbash disentangle this complex web of influences.
Molecular metamorphosis in polcalcin allergens by EF‐hand rearrangements and domain swapping
Authors: Magler Iris , Nüss Dorota , Hauser Michael , Ferreira Fatima , Brandstetter Hans 
Published: May 2010

Polcalcins such as Bet v 4 and Phl p 7 are pollen allergens that are constructed from EF‐hand motifs, which are very common and well characterized helix–loop–helix motifs with calcium‐binding functions, as elementary building blocks. Being members of an exceptionally well‐characterized protein superfamily, these allergens highlight the fundamental challenge in explaining what features distinguish allergens from nonallergenic proteins. We found that Bet v 4 and Phl p 7 undergo oligomerization transitions with characteristics that are markedly different from those typically found in proteins: transitions from monomers to dimers and to distinct higher oligomers can be induced by increasing temperature; similarly, low concentrations of destabilizing agents, e.g. SDS, induce oligomerization transitions of Bet v 4. The changes in the quaternary structure, termed molecular metamorphosis, are induced and controlled by a combination of EF‐hand rearrangements and domain swapping rather than by the classical law of mass action. Using an EF‐hand‐pairing model, we provide a two‐step model that consistently explains and substantiates the observed metamorphosis. Moreover, the unusual oligomerization behavior suggests a straightforward explanation of how allergens can accomplish the crosslinking of IgE on mast cells, a hallmark of allergens.Structured digital abstract
MINT‐7718612: Bet v 4 (uniprotkb:Q39419) and Bet v 4 (uniprotkb:Q39419) bind (MI:0407) by molecular sieving (MI:0071)
MINT‐7718648: Phl p 7 (uniprotkb:O82040) and Phl p 7 (uniprotkb:O82040) bind (MI:0407) by molecular sieving (MI:0071)
The Management of Peyronie’s Disease: Evidence-based 2010 Guidelines
Authors: Ralph David , Gonzalez-Cadavid Nestor , Mirone Vincenzo , Perovic Sava , Sohn Michael , Usta Mustafa , Levine Laurence 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The field of Peyronie’s disease is evolving and there is need for a state-of-the-art information in this area.

Aim
To develop an evidence-based state-of-the-art consensus report on the management of Peyronie’s disease.

Methods
To provide state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the prevalence, etiology, medical and surgical management of Peyronie’s Disease, representing the opinion of leading experts developed in a consensus process over a 2-year period.

Main Outcome Measures
Expert opinion was based on grading of evidence-based medical literature, widespread internal committee discussion, public presentation, and debate.

Conclusions
The real etiology of Peyronie’s disease and the mechanisms of formation of the plaque still remain obscure. Although conservative management is obtaining a progressively larger consensus among the experts, surgical correction still remains the mainstay treatment for this condition.
Diversity and seasonal fluctuations in dung beetle (Coleoptera) community in Kurukshetra, India
Authors: KAKKAR Nidhi , GUPTA Sanjeev K. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFive pitfall traps baited with 150–200 g of fresh cattle dung were installed for 24 h at weekly intervals. A total of 991 dung beetles from 11 genera, 31 species and three subfamilies was obtained. The community was dominated by Oniticellus spinipes individuals by 32.3%. Ten species appeared only once during the collection period and species composition and dominance changed throughout the period. The overall pattern we detected in the organization of the dung beetle community is that the species richness, abundance and diversity rise in September and the 2nd week of October. The dung beetle community was found to be affected by season.
Past Successes and New Challenges: China's Foreign Trade at a Turning Point
Authors: Lemoine Françoise 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSince 1979, China has recorded a remarkable trade performance, which has been driven by international processing and the offshoring strategies of foreign firms. The diversification of Chinese exports and their technological upgrading have been phenomenal. However, there is also inertia, illustrated by the persistent dualism of the trade sector, the unrelenting specialization in downmarket products and the deteriorating terms of trade. These weaknesses have helped its partners to adjust to the rise of this new trade power. In the past decade, China's economy has faced the adverse effects of an export‐led growth and the global crisis has revealed its vulnerability. China is now forced to rebalance its economy. This will imply major changes in foreign trade, in favor of ordinary trade and away from processing. In the foreseeable future, China is unlikely to become the driver of international demand but will remain the engine of Asian economic integration.
Strong correlation between cross‐amplification success and genetic distance across all members of ‘True Salamanders’ (Amphibia: Salamandridae) revealed by Salamandra salamandra‐specific microsatellite loci
Authors: HENDRIX RALF , SUSANNE HAUSWALDT J. , VEITH MICHAEL , STEINFARTZ SEBASTIAN 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe unpredictable and low cross‐amplification success of microsatellite loci tested for congeneric amphibian species has mainly been explained by the size and complexity of amphibian genomes, but also by taxonomy that is inconsistent with phylogenetic relationships among taxa. Here, we tested whether the cross‐amplification success of nine new and 11 published microsatellite loci cloned for an amphibian source species, the fire salamander (Salamandra salamandra), correlated with the genetic distance across all members of True Salamanders (genera Chioglossa, Lyciasalamandra, Mertensiella and Salamandra that form a monophyletic clade within the family of Salamandridae) serving as target species. Cross‐amplification success varied strongly among the species and showed a highly significant negative relationship with genetic distance and amplification success. Even though lineages of S. salamandra and Lyciasalamndra have separated more than 30 Ma, a within genus amplification success rate of 65% was achieved for species of Lyciasalamandra thus demonstrating that an efficient cross‐species amplification of microsatellite loci in amphibians is feasible even across large evolutionary distances. A decrease in genome size, on the other hand, paralleled also a decrease in amplified loci and therefore contradicted previous results and expectations that amplification success should increase with a decrease in genome size. However, in line with other studies, our comprehensive dataset clearly shows that cross‐amplification success of microsatellite loci is well explained by phylogenetic divergence between species. As taxonomic classifications on the species and genus level do not necessarily mirror phylogenetic divergence between species, the pure belonging of species to the same taxonomic units (i.e. species or genus) might be less useful to predict cross‐amplification success of microsatellite loci between such species.