bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive morphometric and morphological analysis of fovea capitis femoris and femoral head parameters according to gender
Authors: SEN Esra , SEVER Sinem Nur , TURHAN Begumhan , CİRAK Mustafa Tolga , GOLPİNAR Murat 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aimed to examine the morphometric properties of the fovea capitis femoris (FCF), including its location on the femoral head, shape varieties, and correlation with gender-specific femoral head parameters.
Methods
Seventy-two (n = 72) dry femurs were used. The morphometric features of these bones were assessed based on gender. While some of the FCF and femoral head parameters were measured on dry bones using calipers, others were measured using ImageJ software (Version 1.53q) on digital images.
Results
All parameters were similar in both genders except FHD-V and FHA (p > 0.05). FHD-V and FHA values were higher in males (p < 0.05). Although the mean values of LL-FCF, TL-FCF, A-FCF, and foramina number were higher in females, there was not a significant difference between genders (p > 0.05). Foramina localization was mainly central (51.4%). Five of the femoral heads have no foramina (6.9%). Four types of FCF were identified and most of them were oval type (61.1%). It was found that only 5.6% of FCFs were in the posteroinferior squad, and the vast majority were in posterosuperior squads.
Conclusion
The findings indicated that a few femoral head parameters were connected to the morphometric traits, localization, and shape types of the FCF. It was noted that there were gender-specific differences in a few parameters. Our research is expected to benefit anthropological sciences, radiological applications, and orthopaedics.
A case report and literature review of a rare primary multiple small intestinal sarcomatoid carcinoma with co-driver gene mutations
Authors: Liu Dan , Li Xulin , Xie Hui , Tang Yi , Xie Yanhong , Li Qing Cheng , Yin Birong , Luo Wu , Ruan Xiaohua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Sarcomatoid carcinoma (SCA) is a relatively rare malignant tumor, and primary SCA occurring in the small intestine is even rarer, characterized by the co-existence of malignant epithelial cells and sarcomatoid differentiation (spindle/giant cell) components. Compared with other malignant tumors in the small intestine, it has greater invasiveness and earlier metastasis.
Case presention
We provide a complete case report on the clinical, imaging, genetic characterization, and treatment process of primary multiple small intestinal SCA. The patient underwent surgery, XELOX chemotherapy, and exploratory application of a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor—anlotinib, however the condition progressed rapidly and he died within 3 months. This is the second report of systematic gene sequencing in the small intestine SCA, and co-mutations in key driving genes of KRAS, TP53, and PTPRT have been identified, with PTPRT being the first reported mutation in SCA.
Conclusion
Small intestine SCA has highly invasiveness and poor prognosis, while according to our statistical data primary multifocal small intestine SCA may have an even poor prognosis. This case was treated exploratorily with a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, anlotinib, but did not effectively control tumor growth and disease progression. This case provides reference guidance for the treatment of rare diseases such as sarcomatoid carcinoma in the future.
Genetic characteristics of novel extreme alkaline-inducible promoter located in five prime upstream region of peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase from Vibrio anguillarum
Authors: Kim Dong-Gyun , Oh Dong Nyoung , Lee Eun ji , Park So Young , Lee Jong Min 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Vibrio has attracted attention as a promising genetic chassis in the field of synthetic biology. FK506 binding protein (FKBP)-type peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) is involved in protein folding. In this study, we report, for the first time, the promoter regions in Vibrio that drive increased FKBP expression in the extremely alkaline environment. Proteomic analysis of V. anguillarum NB10 showed that VaFKBP was significantly upregulated under extreme alkaline stress (pH 10) condition. Additionally, the putative core promoter-containing regions and a reporter gene coding a β-galactosidase were introduced into the Escherichia coli system, which showed β-galactosidase activity of 61.47 ± 2.91 and 95.83 ± 6.76 Miller unit (MU) at pH 9 and 10, respectively, after 4 h of stress. This outcome was 1.97- and 2.88-fold higher that that observed under normal conditions of 25°C and pH 7 (31.27 ± 1.15 MU). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a promoter showing increased expression under extremely alkaline conditions. We believe that this is a useful chassis in promoter engineering and can be used as a powerful tool for activating transcriptionally silent biosynthetic gene clusters in specific environments.
Event Extraction Based on Self-Data Augmentation with Large Language Models
Authors: Yang Lishan , Fan Xi , Wang Xiangyu , Wang Xin , Chen Qiuju 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Event extraction plays a crucial role in natural language processing (NLP), facilitating the transformation of unstructured text into structured representations. This conversion significantly enhances the performance of various applications, such as automated question answering and information retrieval systems. However, traditional event extraction methodologies often encounter challenges stemming from limited datasets, imbalanced sample distributions, the necessity for extra resources to annotate large datasets, and the potential for data quality degradation during the augmentation process. To surmount these obstacles, this study introduces an innovative self-data augmentation strategy that leverages a single large language model (LLM) to concurrently perform data augmentation and event extraction. By dynamically assessing and refining the quality of generated samples, this approach mitigates the inclusion of noisy data, ultimately bolstering the model's performance. Demonstrable enhancements in precision, recall, and F1 scores across various model configurations underscore the efficacy of this strategy in managing small and imbalanced datasets. Furthermore, the incorporation of Logical Thoughts for Self-Data Augmentation (LoTSA) ensures the superior quality of augmented data, culminating in more accurate and reliable extraction outcomes.
Spatio-temporal characteristics and influencing factors of Chinese tourism network attention: A case study of Kaifeng Millennium City Park
Authors: Wang Dongfeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The "Baidu Index" data sharing platform was used to obtain the Internet search index of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in 31 provinces of mainland China from 2011 to 2021. Combined with a regional economic disparity measure index, the paper analyzed the spatial disparity characteristics and impact factors of Internet attention in the Kaifeng Millennium City Park. The results show that: (1) The network attention of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in the whole country shows a fluctuation trend, and the second half of the year fluctuates more than the first half of the year. Seasonal differences are significant, but "big events" such as popular variety shows , chrysanthemum flower party and festival activities in recent years have caused tourism flows to essentially balance the off-season attention gap.(2) The network attention of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in different regions shows the spatial distribution characteristics of "high in the center and low in the west", among which the seasonal difference is the most prominent in the western region.(3) There are significant differences in network attention of Kaifeng Millennium City Park in eastern, central and western regions. The differences between regions decrease from year to year and the degree of agglomeration tends to moderate. Attention is scattered within the region and the spatial structure is relatively balanced. (4) The spatial and temporal differences of Internet attention in Kaifeng Millennium City Park are the result of comprehensive effects of economic development level, network development degree, social and demographic characteristics and geographic space distance.
The relationship between neuroticism and social aggression: A moderated mediation model
Authors: Quan Fangying , Gou Yan , Gao Yibo , Yu Xinxin , Wei Bao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Neuroticism appears to be one factor that triggers social aggression, but the relationship between neuroticism and social aggression and its underlying mechanisms are unclear. Questionnaire data from 942 college students (Mage = 20.30, SD = 1.10) were analyzed to assess whether depression mediated the relationship between neuroticism and social aggression, and to test a moderating effect of perceived social support. Results showed that neuroticism was associated with social aggression and this association was mediated by depression. Moderation was found for the association between neuroticism and depression, such that neuroticism had a stronger predictive effect on depression under low compared to high perceived social support. Findings may inform prevention and intervention efforts to reduce social aggression.
Factors associated with physical activity in individuals with metastatic cancer: A UK cross-sectional survey.
Authors: Haider Zainab Faatimah , Smith Samuel George , Walwyn Rebecca EA , Lally Phillippa , Fisher Abigail , Beeken Rebecca J 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose: Physical activity is safe and feasible for individuals with metastatic cancer and may support symptom management. We investigated the extent to which individuals with metastatic cancer are meeting moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) guidelines, factors associated with meeting guidelines, and perceptions about physical activity and receiving physical activity advice.
Methods: Data were from UK adults with metastatic breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer who completed the Healthy Lifestyle After Cancer survey (N=588). Self-reported clinical, demographic and physical activity (Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire) data were collected. Logistic regression models assessed whether clinical and demographic factors were associated with meeting MVPA guidelines.
Results: Most (59%) individuals with metastatic cancer were not meeting the World Health Organisation guidelines of 150 minutes of MVPA per week. Adjusting for cancer type, the odds of meeting MVPA guidelines were lower for unemployed individuals (OR=0.47, 95% CI=0.23-0.77) and ethnic minorities (OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.22-0.89), but higher for those with a university education (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.0-3.57). Most (63.5%) participants felt they should be doing more physical activity. However, 70.1% did not receive any physical activity advice or support, despite 73.6% wanting to receive it.
Conclusion: People with metastatic cancer may need further support to address inadequate levels of physical activity. The differences observed between demographic sub-groups suggest this may be more beneficial for those less likely to engage in physical activity.
Implications for Cancer Survivors: Individuals with metastatic cancer are likely to benefit from increased physical activity support, which considers the needs of diverse demographic groups.
Improvement the brittle Resistance of High-Strength Concrete through Palm Leaf Sheath Fibers and Rice Straw Fibers
Authors: defalla radwa , Osama Raghda , Shubbar Ali , Nasr Mohammed Salah 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The use of natural fiber waste presents a potential solution to address both environmental problems associated with agricultural waste and the issue of sudden failure in high-strength concrete (HSC). In this research, the effects of incorporating two fiber waste in HSC was investigated. Seven HSC mixes were prepared, including three with Rice Straw Fibers (RSF), three with palm leaf sheath fiber (PLSF), and one control mix without fibers. The volume fractions of the RSF and PLSF used in this research ranged from 1–3%, with an aspect ratio of 100. Several tests were conducted to evaluate the different properties of the HSC this including slump test, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of elasticity, were evaluated all mixtures. Results indicated that the addition of natural fiber did not significantly enhanced the compressive strength, while, the tensile and flexural strength of HSC increased, particularly when incorporating 1% RSF. RSF exhibited a more significant improvement in the properties of HSC when compared to PLSF. However, both types of fibers were effective in strengthening the HSC's brittleness behaviour.
Optimizing Nitrogen Management in Maize (Zea mays L.) Using Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors
Authors: ATAV Volkan , GÜRBÜZ Mehmet Ali , KAYALI Emel , YALINKILIÇ Elif 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In conventional agriculture, nitrogen is essential for plant growth and is usually supplied through fertilization. However, nitrogen can be lost through various pathways, significantly affecting soils with distinct compositions. This study focused on examining the effects of split urea application, along with the application of fertilizers containing the nitrification inhibitor 3.4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and the urease inhibitor N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide (NBPT) at full (100%) and reduced (75%) levels of the standard application rate. Conducted over two years, the field trial aimed to assess the capacity of these treatments to mitigate nitrogen loss and meet the nitrogen requirements of maize effectively. The results of the study revealed that NBPT maintained the required nitrogen levels in the soil by meeting the nitrogen requirement of maize. On the other hand, DMPP caused nitrogen losses due to increasing ammonium levels in the soil during early plant growth stages. NBPT provided the best results in terms of plant yield and nitrogen content, whereas DMPP showed lower performance in these parameters. Reduced NBPT doses increased nitrogen use efficiency but were less effective in terms of yield compared to full doses. According to the result of the economic analysis, split urea treatment gave better results compared to all treatments. In conclusion, NBPT increased both yield and nitrogen use efficiency by providing nitrogen release by the nitrogen requirement of maize.
Proteomics based systematic exploration of the peptidoglycan biosynthesis of Olsenella uli DSM 7084 towards pathogenesis
Authors: Akhtar Mohammad Salman , Talat Arshi , Bhardwaj Tulika , Alsahag Mansoor , Al-Ghamdi Saleh Bakheet , Ahmad Aftab , Alghamdi Anwar A. , Alotibi Ibrahim A , Ahmad Md. Margoob 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The oral microbiota plays a pivotal role in either promoting health or exacerbating disease progression. Within the diverse microbial community, Olsenella uli emerges as a concerning pathogen linked to various endodontic infections. Advancements in next-generation sequencing methods and bioinformatics have begun unraveling the intricate nature of the oral microbiome. Understanding these oral microorganisms opens doors to exploring functional and metabolic changes, offering valuable insights for drug development and targeted therapies. Consequently, our current investigation employs a comparative subtractive proteomics approach to identify potential drug targets within Olsenella uli DSM 7084. This effort unveils eight promising drug target candidates, which undergo thorough assessment for druggability and sub-cellular localization. Furthermore, molecular docking simulations involving these prioritized targets and FDA-approved drugs establish a foundational framework for future researchers, expediting the drug development process aimed at combating infections caused by this formidable pathogen. Our research intends to accomplish precision drug target discovery using an integrated method that integrates subtractive proteome analysis, systems biology, and molecular docking. This method paves the path for more precise molecular docking investigations by enabling a thorough understanding of prospective pharmacological targets.
Comprehensive Analyses of the Effects of the Small-Molecule Inhibitor of the UHM Domain in the Splicing Factor U2AF1 in Leukemia Cells
Authors: Yang Chao-Yie , Yuan Xinrui , Sabzvar Mona Kazemi , Patil Amol , Chinnaswamy Krishnapriya , Howie Kathryn , Andhavaram Ramaraju , Wang Borwyn , Siegler Maxime , Durmaz Arda , Stuckey Jeanne , Corey Seth , Maciejewski Jaroslaw , Visconte Valeria 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Mutations in RNA splicing factor genes including SF3B1, U2AF1, SRSF2, and ZRSR2 have been reported to contribute to development of myeloid neoplasms including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and secondary acute myeloid leukemia (sAML). Chemical tools targeting cells carrying these mutant genes remain limited and underdeveloped. Among the four proteins, mutant U2AF1 (U2AF1mut) acquires an altered 3’ splice site selection preference and co-operates with the wild-type U2AF1 (U2AF1wt) to change various gene isoform patterns to support MDS cells survival and proliferation. U2AF1 mutations in MDS cells are always heterozygous and the cell viability is reduced when exposed to additional insult affecting U2AF1wt function. To investigate if the pharmacological inhibition of U2AF1wt function can provoke drug-induced vulnerability of cells harboring U2AF1mut, we conducted a fragment-based library screening campaign to discover compounds targeting the U2AF homology domain (UHM) in U2AF1 that is required for the formation of the U2AF1/U2AF2 complex to define the 3' splice site. The most promising hit (SF1-8) selectively inhibited growth of leukemia cell lines overexpressingU2AF1mut and human primary MDS cells carrying U2AF1mut. RNA-seq analysis of K562-U2AF1mut following treatment with SF1-8 further revealed alteration of isoform patterns for a set of proteins that impair or rescue pathways associated with endocytosis, intracellular vesicle transport, and secretion. Our data suggested that further optimization of SF1-8 is warranted to obtain chemical probes that can be used to evaluate the therapeutic concept of inducing lethality to U2AF1mut cells by inhibiting the U2AF1wt protein.
Conserved molecular recognition by an intrinsically disordered region in the absence of sequence conservation
Authors: Holehouse Alex , Alston Jhullian , Soranno Andrea 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) are critical for cellular function yet often appear to lack sequence conservation when assessed by multiple sequence alignments. This raises the question of if and how function can be encoded and preserved in these regions despite massive sequence variation. To address this question, we have applied coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to investigate non-specific RNA binding of coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins. Coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins consist of multiple interspersed disordered and folded domains that bind RNA. Here, we focus on the first two domains of coronavirus nucleocapsid proteins: the disordered N-terminal domain (NTD) and the folded RNA binding domain (RBD). While the NTD is highly variable across evolution, the RBD is structurally conserved. This combination makes the NTD-RBD a convenient model system for exploring the interplay between an IDR adjacent to a folded domain and how changes in IDR sequence can influence molecular recognition of a partner. Our results reveal a surprising degree of sequence-specificity encoded by both the composition and the precise order of the amino acids in the NTD. The presence of an NTD can – depending on the sequence – either suppress or enhance RNA binding. Despite this sensitivity, large-scale variation in NTD sequences is possible while certain sequence features are retained. Consequently, a conformationally-conserved dynamic and disordered RNA:protein complex is found across nucleocapsid protein orthologs despite large-scale changes in both NTD sequence and RBD surface chemistry. Taken together, these insights shed light on the ability of disordered regions to preserve functional characteristics despite their sequence variability.
An Inventive Hybrid Strategy to Load Balancing Methods to Achieve Quality of Service (QoS) in Cloud-based Environments
Authors: Patel Mayank , Shrimal Mahak , Sharma Ajay Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In the realm of cloud computing, ensuring optimal Quality of Service (QoS) remains a paramount challenge. This paper introduces a groundbreaking Hybrid Load Balancing Framework designed to revolutionize QoS in cloud environments. By integrating traditional load balancing algorithms, machine learning models, and feedback control mechanisms, our framework offers a holistic solution to address existing challenges and gaps in load balancing strategies. Through empirical analysis and experimentation, this Paper demonstrate the framework's efficacy in enhancing key QoS parameters such as latency, throughput, and reliability. Our research bridges theory and practice, paving the way for more adaptive and intelligent load balancing approaches in contemporary cloud computing. In the realm of cloud computing, ensuring optimal Quality of Service (QoS) remains a paramount challenge. This paper introduces a groundbreaking Hybrid Load Balancing Framework designed to revolutionize QoS in cloud environments. By integrating traditional load balancing algorithms, machine learning models, and feedback control mechanisms, our framework offers a holistic solution to address existing challenges and gaps in load balancing strategies. Through empirical analysis and experimentation, this Paper demonstrate the framework's efficacy in enhancing key QoS parameters such as latency, throughput, and reliability. Our research bridges theory and practice, paving the way for more adaptive and intelligent load balancing approaches in contemporary cloud computing.
Validity and Reliability Tests of Ahmad Dahlan Linguistic Test (ADLT)
Authors: Puspitasari Intan , Hidayat Muhammad , Khasanah Ramadhani Uswatun , Kahraman Özlem Gözün 
Published: June 2024

Language development assessment tools for early childhood currently often refer to the Developmental Milestones Standards for Children (STPPA), based on core competencies and basics in the 2013 Early Childhood Education curriculum. These standards are used as references for development to ensure age-appropriate play activities for children. However, language development assessment tools for broader use still require further development to effectively identify children's language development. The aim of this study was to develop a language development assessment tool for early childhood, focusing on phonetics, semantics, and syntax according to Otto's theory (2015), to enable early detection of language delays in children. The researchers conducted three stages, including tool development, validation by experts, and testing on a limited sample. Although the tool was validated by five professors with Aiken's V scores > 0.8 and an overall reliability of 0.739, the semantic aspect was found to be unreliable (Cronbach Alpha < 0.7). Therefore, while the Early Language Detection Tool (ADLT) is considered valid and reliable, it still requires further adjustment to better suit the context of early childhood.