bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bilateral Synchronous Testicular Cancer with Discordant Histopathology: A Case Report
Authors: Özen Mehmet , Yazıcıoğlu İrem , Kırdağ Mustafa Koray , Aydın Mustafa 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBilateral testicular tumors account for 1 to 5% of all testicular tumors. Most bilateral tumors are observed metachronously. Synchronous tumors usually present with the similar histological pattern. Bilateral synchronous testicular tumors with discordant pathology are extremely rare. Only 56 cases have been documented since Bidard first described synchronous testicular tumors with discordant pathology in 1853. To our best knowledge, this study will be the 57th case in the literature.
Economic policy uncertainty and cash dividend policy: evidence from China
Authors: Li Chuanzhen , Zhao Liang , Zhang Yiwen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the dividend policy of listed companies, alongside its underlying mechanisms. Based on a panel data compilation from 4421 Chinese listed companies spanning 2007 to 2021, the research demonstrates that EPU significantly increases the cash dividends of listed companies. Our findings resolve endogeneity issues and are robust to different variable definitions. The influence is more significant among smaller, non-state-owned companies, as well as those with lower equity concentration and lower financial constraints. We further find that EPU heightens investors’ demand for dividends, increases agency costs, and reduces business growth opportunities to improve companies’ dividend distribution tendency. Moreover, we find that increasing dividend payout when EPU increases is aligned with shareholders’ wealth maximization objective.
The influence of home versus clinic anal human papillomavirus sampling on high-resolution anoscopy uptake in the Prevent Anal Cancer Self-Swab Study
Authors: Nitkowski Jenna , Ridolfi Timothy J. , Lundeen Sarah J. , Giuliano Anna R. , Chiao Elizabeth Y. , Fernandez Maria E. , Schick Vanessa , Smith Jennifer S. , Brzezinski Bridgett , Nyitray Alan G. 
Published: April 2024

Background Anal cancer disproportionately affects sexual and gender minority individuals living with HIV. High-resolution anoscopy (HRA) is an in-clinic procedure to detect precancerous anal lesions and cancer, yet prospective data on factors associated with HRA attendance are lacking. We examined whether anal HPV sampling at home versus in a clinic impacts HRA uptake and assessed HRA acceptability. Methods Sexual and gender minority individuals were randomised to home-based self-sampling or clinical sampling. All were asked to attend in-clinic HRA 1 year later. We regressed HRA attendance on study arm using multivariable Poisson regression and assessed HRA acceptability using χ2 tests. Results A total of 62.8% of 196 participants who engaged in screening attended HRA. Although not significant (P = 0.13), a higher proportion of participants who engaged in clinic-based screening attended HRA (68.5%) compared to home-based participants (57.9%). Overall, HRA uptake was higher among participants with anal cytology history (aRR 1.40, 95% CI 1.07–1.82), and lower among participants preferring a versatile anal sex position versus insertive (aRR 0.70, 95% CI 0.53–0.91), but did not differ by race or HIV serostatus. In the clinic arm, persons living with HIV had lower HRA attendance (42.9%) versus HIV-negative participants (73.3%) (P = 0.02) and Black non-Hispanic participants had lower HRA attendance (41.7%) than White non-Hispanic participants (73.1%), (P = 0.04). No differences in attendance by race or HIV status were observed in the home arm. Conclusions HRA uptake differed significantly by race and HIV status in the clinic arm but not the home arm.
Dynamic laser ablation loading of a linear Paul trap
Authors: Li Lin , Li Zi , Hua Xia , Tong Xin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present a detailed method for accumulating Ca+ ions controllably in a linear Paul trap. The ions are generated by pulsed laser ablation and dynamically loaded into the ion trap by switching the trapping potential on and off. The loaded ions are precooled by buffer gas and then laser-cooled to form Coulomb crystals for verifying quantity. The number of ions is controlled by manipulating the trapping potential of the ion trap, partial pressure of buffer gas and turn-on time of the entrance end cap voltage. With single-pulse laser ablation, the number of trapped ions ranges from tens to ten thousand. The kinetic energy of loaded ions can be selected via the optimal turn-on time of the entrance end cap. Using multiple-pulse laser ablation, the number is further increased and reaches about

4
×

10

4

. The dynamic loading method has wide application for accumulating low-yielding ions via laser ablation in the ion trap.
Large-area (50 cm × 50 cm) optically transparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding of ZTO/Ag/ZTO: an analytical/numerical and experimental study of optoelectrical and EMI shielding properties
Authors: Astarlioglu Aziz Taner , Oz Yahya , Unal Emre , Kilic Nail Bugra , Celikli Cenkay , Ozdemir Mehtap , Ozyuzer Lutfi , Demir Hilmi Volkan , Erdogan Nursev 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs), exhibiting both high optical transparency and low electrical resistivity, are commonly employed in optoelectronic devices. However, acquiring a balance between these optical and electrical properties in a uniform way over large areas has been a pending challenge, which is essential to achieving optically transparent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding surfaces. In this study, we propose and demonstrate a stratified thin film structure consisting of zinc-doped tin oxide (Zn2SnO4, ZTO) as TCO along with a metal layer of silver (Ag) deposited on a large area of 50 cm

×

50 cm polycarbonate (PC) substrate enabled by a scanning magnetron sputtering gun. We achieved high EMI shielding of 99.9% at the optical transparency of 68% in the visible spectrum by engineering the stratified architecture of ZTO/Ag/ZTO. The Ag layer of 18 nm in thickness with a sheet resistance of 10 Ω/sq yields shielding effectiveness (SE) of 27 dB in a wide frequency range of 2–20 GHz. The bottom and top ZTO layers, 20 and 40 nm thick, respectively, provide the lowest optical loss of 13% across 400–700 nm. The structure’s EMI shielding, optical and structural performances were systematically characterized through a free-space focused-beam system, UV–Vis spectrophotometer, ellipsometry, focused ion-beam cross-sectional sampling and imaging, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy. EMI shielding and optical performances were validated by CST Microwave Studio and the transfer matrix method, respectively. These findings indicate that the proposed multi-layer architecture holds great promise for large-area EMI shielding and other optoelectronic applications.
Facilitating ambulatory heart rate variability analysis using accelerometry-based classifications of body position and self-reported sleep
Authors: Rietz Marlene , Schmidt-Persson Jesper , Gillies Banke Rasmussen Martin , Overgaard Sørensen Sarah , Rath Mortensen Sofie , Brage Søren , Lund Kristensen Peter , Grøntved Anders , Brønd Jan Christian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. This study aimed to examine differences in heart rate variability (HRV) across accelerometer-derived position, self-reported sleep, and different summary measures (sleep, 24 h HRV) in free-living settings using open-source methodology. Approach. HRV is a biomarker of autonomic activity. As it is strongly affected by factors such as physical behaviour, stress, and sleep, ambulatory HRV analysis is challenging. Beat-to-beat heart rate (HR) and accelerometry data were collected using single-lead electrocardiography and trunk- and thigh-worn accelerometers among 160 adults participating in the SCREENS trial. HR files were processed and analysed in the RHRV R package. Start time and duration spent in physical behaviours were extracted, and time and frequency analysis for each episode was performed. Differences in HRV estimates across activities were compared using linear mixed models adjusted for age and sex with subject ID as random effect. Next, repeated-measures Bland–Altman analysis was used to compare 24 h RMSSD estimates to HRV during self-reported sleep. Sensitivity analyses evaluated the accuracy of the methodology, and the approach of employing accelerometer-determined episodes to examine activity-independent HRV was described. Main results. HRV was estimated for 31 289 episodes in 160 individuals (53.1% female) at a mean age of 41.4 years. Significant differences in HR and most markers of HRV were found across positions [Mean differences RMSSD: Sitting (Reference) − Standing (−2.63 ms) or Lying (4.53 ms)]. Moreover, ambulatory HRV differed significantly across sleep status, and poor agreement between 24 h estimates compared to sleep HRV was detected. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that removing the first and last 30 s of accelerometry-determined HR episodes was an accurate strategy to account for orthostatic effects. Significance. Ambulatory HRV differed significantly across accelerometry-assigned positions and sleep. The proposed approach for free-living HRV analysis may be an effective strategy to remove confounding by physical activity when the aim is to monitor general autonomic stress.
Training-free demonstration of a 5.4 T Nb3Sn Canted–Cosine–Theta accelerator dipole impregnated with paraffin wax
Authors: Arbelaez Diego , Teyber Reed , Rudeiros Fernández José Luis , Brouwer Lucas , Vallone Giorgio , Marchevsky Maxim , Turqueti Marcos , Pong Ian , Croteau Jean-François , Naus Michael , Caspi Shlomo , Ferracin Paolo , Prestemon Soren 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is pursuing stress-managed Nb3Sn Canted–Cosine–Theta (CCT) magnet technology for high field accelerator magnets. Although promising results have been reported, improvements in the training performance are desired. This work describes the fabrication and testing campaigns of two subscale Nb3Sn CCT magnets; a baseline impregnated with National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Mix-61 and a magnet impregnated with paraffin wax. The paraffin magnet reached the short sample limit of the conductor, to within the measurement uncertainty, with no training quenches inside the magnet. In contrast, the baseline magnet reached 80% of the short sample limit after approximately 20 quenches and exhibits some loss of memory after thermal cycles. Inter-layer flexible quench antennas combined with voltage tap data show that all quenches appear identical and originate from a region corresponding to the location of peak field in the cable. Although this success should be replicated at higher fields, these first test results demonstrate the potential for training free Nb3Sn accelerator magnets operating near the short-sample limit.
Suppression of thermal diffusion of vacancies across p

+

-n junction structures in diamond. Application to SnV centers by ion implantation
Authors: Santonocito S , Denisenko A , Schreck M , Pasquarelli A , Wrachtrup J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This work reports on defect engineering related to optical centers in diamond by ion implantation. In particular, we demonstrate that thermal diffusion of vacancies to a few micrometers in depth can be effectively suppressed provided these are electrically charged and located within the depletion region of an abrupt

p

+

-n junction. The observed effect is complementary to the observations in the previous study (Favaro et al 2017 Nat. Commun.
8 15409) showing that charging of implantation-induced vacancies at such junction structures in diamond inhibits the formation of vacancy complexes in proximity to the targeted optical centers. In the present work we first generate vacancies near the surface of a low nitrogen doped CVD diamond substrate by He and C ion implantation before these are diffused by annealing at

1200

∘

C

into the bulk. In the next step the depth distribution of NV centers generated by trapping of these vacancies is analyzed on a micron scale. For precise tuning of the implantation conditions we derived data on the boron and nitrogen doping by step etching of planar

p

+

resistors and

p

+

-n-

p

+

diode structures combined with electrical characterization and modeling. In the next step, tin-vacancy (SnV) centers were produced by 40 keV Sn implantation across the same junction structures at optimized conditions. In this way we observe an enhancement of the SnV yield and noticeable suppression of NV centers by diffusion and trapping of vacancies along the tracks of tin ions. Such ‘subsidiary’ NVs could significantly affect the emission of SnV and potentially other centers in the same spectral range.
Vectorization of the density matrix and quantum simulation of the von Neumann equation of time-dependent Hamiltonians
Authors: Kunold Alejandro 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Based oh the properties of Lie algebras, in this work we develop a general framework to linearize the von Neumann equation rendering it in a suitable form for quantum simulations. Departing from the conventional method of expanding the density matrix in the Liouville space formed by matrices unit we express the von Neumann equation in terms of Pauli strings. This provides several advantages related to the quantum tomography of the density matrix and the formulation of the unitary gates that generate the time evolution. The use of Pauli strings facilitates the quantum tomography of the density matrix whose elements are purely real. As for any other basis of Hermitian matrices, this eliminates the need to calculate the phase of the complex entries of the density matrix. This approach also enables to express the evolution operator as a sequence of commuting Hamiltonian gates of Pauli strings that can readily be synthetized using Clifford gates. Additionally, the fact that these gates commute with each other along with the unique properties of the algebra formed by Pauli strings allows to avoid the use of Trotterization hence considerably reducing the circuit depth. The algorithm is demonstrated for three Hamiltonians using the IBM noisy quantum circuit simulator.
Enhanced photovoltaic response in WSe2 photodetector with asymmetric two-dimensional contacts
Authors: Liu Xiaolong , Chen Sizhe , Yang Heng , Li Xianxu , Cao Rui , Wang Wenjie , Fan Sidi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Asymmetric contact pairs with different work functions provide an efficient method to extract photogenerated carriers in optoelectrical devices. Specifically, vertical optoelectrical devices based on two-dimensional (2D) materials utilize graphene layers as the bottom and top contacts. Whereas an additional terminal is required for electrostatic doping in either top or bottom graphene to enlarge the built-in electric field. Herein, we present an enhanced photovoltaic response in a vertical WSe2 photodetector utilizing asymmetric 2D contacts. A graphite layer and a degenerate SnSe2 are used as the top and bottom contacts, respectively, with a significant difference in their work functions. By establishing a large built-in electric field across the vertical WSe2 layer, a strong photovoltaic effect is achieved, resulting in an open-circuit voltage of 0.37 V and a short-circuit current of 0.42 μA under 532 nm illumination. The device shows high-performance photodetection characteristics, with a responsivity of 32.04 A W−1, external quantum efficiency of 7475%, and specific detectivity of 3.61 × 1012 Jones. Furthermore, the device can generate a maximum output electrical power of 70.9 nW, enabling a high-power conversion efficiency of 3.5%.
Investigation of crystalline and band alignment properties of NiO/GaN and Ni0.5Co0.5O/GaN heterojunctions using synchrotron radiation based techniques
Authors: Baraik Kiran , Roychowdhury Rijul , Bose Aniruddha , Mukherjee Chandrachur , Ganguli Tapas , Singh S D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Epitaxial layers of NiO and Ni0.5Co0.5O have been deposited on GaN templates using RF magnetron sputtering deposition technique. The epitaxial relationship in out-of-plane and in-plane directions for NiO and Ni0.5Co0.5O layers with respect to GaN is

[
111
]

NiO
(

Ni

0.5

Co

0.5

O
)

∥

[
0001
]

GaN

and

[

1

̅

10
]

NiO
(

Ni

0.5

Co

0.5

O
)

∥

[

1

̅

2

1

̅

0
]

GaN

,

respectively. The epi-layers are found to have two triangular domain structures oriented along [111] direction with an in-plane rotation of 60° with respect to each other. Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) has been used to determine the valence band offset (∆EV) and the band alignment at the heterojunctions (HJs). The ∆EV at NiO/GaN and Ni0.5Co0.5O/GaN HJs are 1.2 ± 0.2 eV and 1.8 ± 0.2 eV, respectively. The conduction band offsets (∆EC) have also been estimated using the determined values of optical band gap (NiO: Eg = ∼ 3.5 eV; Ni0.5Co0.5O: Eg = ∼ 3.3 eV) from optical transmission measurements. The values of ∆EC are found to be 1.5 ± 0.2 eV and 1.9 ± 0.2 eV at NiO/GaN and Ni0.5Co0.5O/GaN HJs, respectively. A type-II band alignment is observed at both the HJs. Higher values of valence band and conduction band offsets are observed at Ni0.5Co0.5O/GaN HJ in comparison to NiO/GaN. These experimentally determined values of band offsets can be used to design wide band gap HJ based devices like photodetectors, where higher values of band off-set at the Ni0.5Co0.5O/GaN HJ can be utilized to confine the carriers.
Statistical investigation of the angular momentum dependence of the nuclear level density parameter
Authors: Canbula Bora 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The nuclear level density (NLD) parameter is crucial for calculating cross-sections in nuclear physics, astrophysics, reactor design, and medical physics. Spin and parity, along with excitation energy, are fundamental properties of an excited nuclear level. Previous investigations into the NLD’s dependence on spin and parity have primarily used approximate methods like parity equidistribution and Gaussian distribution of spins. However, the specific impact of spin and parity on the NLD parameter, a key component in NLD formulation, has not been extensively studied. We examined the spin and parity dependence of the NLD parameter. Our findings demonstrate that the NLD parameter’s dependency on both excitation energy and angular momentum can be accurately characterized by a Laplace distribution, highlighting the complex interplay of these factors in nuclear physics.
A study on dust inertial Alfvén solitary waves in a magnetized dust-ion-electron plasma using sagdeev potential method
Authors: Choudhury Mamani 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The propagation characteristics of arbitrary amplitude Dust Inertial Alfvén Solitary Wave (DIASW) has been studied in a three-component plasma consisting of magnetized cold dust, magnetized cold ions and electrons with Boltzmann distribution. The range of Mach number where solitary waves can be formed has been established analytically. To discuss the behaviors of the DIASWs, the Sagdeev potential method is used. Both rarefactive and compressive DIASWs travelling at sub and super-Alfvénic speeds are generated is this plasma model.
Decoherence and entropy generation at one loop in the inflationary de Sitter spacetime for Yukawa interaction
Authors: Bhattacharya Sourav , Joshi Nitin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The decoherence mechanism is believed to be possibly connected to the quantum to classical transition of the primordial cosmological perturbations in the early universe. In this paper, we extend our previous analysis on decoherence in a fermion and scalar quantum field theory coupled via the Yukawa interaction in the Minkowski spacetime, to the inflationary de Sitter background. We treat the scalar field as the system and the fermions as the environment, and both the fields are taken to be massless. We utilise a non-equilibrium effective field theory formalism, suitable for open quantum systems such as this. We assume that an observer measures only the Gaussian 2-point correlator for the scalar field, as the simplest realistic scenario.
In order to compute the von Neumann entropy generated at late times as a measure of the decoherence, we construct the one loop renormalised Kadanoff-Baym equation, which is the equation of motion satisfied by the 2-point correlators in the closed time path Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. These equations account to the self energy corrections. Using this, we next construct the one loop corrected statistical propagator for the scalar, which is related to its phase space area, to compute the von Neumann entropy.
We also compute the variation of the von Neumann entropy with respect to relevant parameters. We note the qualitative similarity between our findings and the scenario where both the system and the environment are scalars. Our result is also qualitatively similar to an earlier one found by using the influence functional technique for a massive Yukawa theory.
Research on secure communication technology based on phase conjugate feedback chaotic injection system
Authors: Fu Jingbo , Mu Penghua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an experimental scheme using optical method instead of phase conjugate light. We have implemented a phase conjugate feedback semiconductor laser chaotic system based on the four-wave mixing principle through an established optical fiber experimental platform. Based on the high-dimensional wideband chaotic signals generated by this system, we propose a two-channel secure communication scheme based on phase conjugate feedback, and analyze its delay hiding mechanism and synchronization characteristics. The effects of parameter mismatch and injection strength on synchronization performance and communication quality are also considered. Our experimental results show that by adjusting the injection strength and frequency detuning parameters, the system can produce signals with time-delay signature completely suppressed, thus achieving high-quality and high-security communications.
Single-shot pump-probe technique by the combination of an echelon and a grating with a time window of 109 ps
Authors: Yu Tianchen , Yang Junyi , Li Zhongguo , Wu Xingzhi , Fang Yu , Yang Yong , Song Yinglin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, using only a single pulse, pump-probe measurement with a large time window of more than 100 ps is implemented. A commercial grating is used to encode a time window of ∼56 ps in a single pulse; therefore, there is no need for machining customization. In addition, in this technique, the grating surface is accurately imaged, eliminating the image blur problem caused by phase differences in previous echelon-based techniques. Moreover, to make full use of the grating surface and obtain a larger time window, a simple reflection echelon is combined that matches the grating in the time window. This combination encoding strategy results in a total time window of ∼109 ps and maintains accurate imaging of the grating surface. This time window is an order of magnitude greater than the maximum reported values of the echelon encoding strategy and the angle beam encoding strategy. To demonstrate this single-shot pump-probe technique, the two-photon absorption process of ZnSe and the excited-state absorption process of a symmetrical phenoxazinium bromine salt were studied. The possibility of further improving the experimental setup is also discussed.