bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La chronique familiale du Parisinus gr. 1601 et l'identité de son rédacteur
Authors: Efthymiadis Stéphanos , Mazarakis Andéas 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Codex Parisinus graecus 1601 preserves an anonymous family chronicle covering the years 1446–1458 which records in some detail the dates of its author's marriage and the birth of his children. Apart from restoring some readings from its previous recent edition, this article proposes an identification of the anonymous author with Ioannes Kanaboutzes. A scholar with historiographical interests, he is documented as a native of Phocaea and close associate of the Gattelusio, the Genoese rulers of the adjacent island of Lesbos. He is mostly known for his Commentary on Dionysios of Halicarnassus which he dedicated to Palamede Gattilusio, lord of Ainos and of Samothrace.
A missing Vatican manuscript page at Oxford Holobolus' commentary on the Ara Ionica and the Securis
Authors: Vioque Guillermo Galán 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
From the information previously available, the Triclinian edition of Theocritus, known through the manuscripts Paris, BNF gr. 2832 and Vaticano, BAV gr. 1825 + 1824, was believed to end with the Syrinx and the Ara Dosiadae. Thanks to the discovery of a folio of the MS. Vaticano, BAV gr. 1824 in the Bodleian Library in Oxford, we now know that it continued with at least the Ara Ionica and the Securis, both with Holobolus's scholia. Folio 144 of the MS. Oxford, BL D'Orville 71 thus now constitutes a prime witness of these scholia.
Hacia la identificación de la biblioteca y la mano de Demetrio Ducas
Authors: Manzano Teresa Martínez 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Demetrios Ducas was a Cretan scholar who emigrated to Italy at the end of the 15th century and then moved to Spain in 1513. Both his editorship of Greek texts in Venice for Aldus Manutius and his activity as a professor of Greek and editor of the New Testament under the aegis of Cardinal Cisneros are well documented. However, no manuscript of his hand and no codex or printed book belonging to his library have been identified so far. This paper reviews testimonies from Ducas' colleagues in Alcalá between 1513 and 1518 and some manuscripts copied at the time in the Complutensian Academy. Such manuscripts give us relevant evidence for a conjectural reconstruction of Ducas' library and open the road to a future identification of his hand. To this end manuscripts Escur. R III 5, Salm. 769, Salm. 295, Salm. 9 and Vat. Reg. gr. Pii II 16 are carefully examined.
Analyzing the Riding Behavior of Recreational Skiers and Snowboarders
Authors: Schmitt Kai-Uwe , Niemetz Peter , Muser Markus 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Video recordings of a ski slope were used in combination with a video-based tracking software to analyze the riding behavior of skiers and snowboarders. It was shown that the methodology is a powerful tool to measure biomechanical parameters such as the speed and curve radii of individual skiers and snowboarders. A total of 6821 observations was recorded and evaluated. Average riding speeds ranged from 16 to 32 km/h (on the different parts of the slope that were analyzed) with maximum speeds of up to 113 km/h. Average curve radii between 6.2 and 9.3 m were measured.
Ball Grid Array Lead-Free Solder Joint Strength under Monotonic Flexural Load
Authors: Geng Phil 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
This work compared ball grid array (BGA) lead-free solder joint strengths to eutectic lead (Sn–Pb) solder joint strengths under monotonic bend load at room temperature. Flexural test methodologies for evaluating solder joint strength are presented. Various effects on solder joint strength were summarized systematically into three parts. The first part focused on the effect of solder joint geometries. BGAs with Sn-4Ag-0.5Cu and 63Sn-37Pb solders were tested, respectively. The effects of package side solder resist opening sizes, solder ball diameters, and board side metal defined/solder mask defined pads were investigated with 0.062 in printed circuit board (PCB). The results showed that the solder joint strength of Sn–Ag–Cu solder is lower than that of the traditional Sn–Pb solder under room temperature board flexural load and similar dynamic load. The second part investigated the effects of type of package (plastic BGA (PBGA) versus ceramic BGA (CBGA)), board thickness (0.093 in. versus 0.135 in.), and the effect of rework (reworked versus non-reworked) with Sn-3.9Ag-0.7Cu and 63Sn-37Pb solders. The joint strength of Sn–Ag–Cu solder is consistently lower than that of eutectic Sn–Pb solder for both board thicknesses, both CBGA and PBGA packages, and both non-reworked and reworked packages. The third part explored the feasibility of alternative low temperature solders as board-level interconnects. In addition to the traditional 63Sn-37Pb solder and the lead-free Sn-4Ag-0.5Cu solder, four other lead-free solders (Sn-52In, Sn-58Bi, Sn-57Bi-1Ag, and Sn-9Zn-0.006Al) were tested with 0.044 in PCB. Effects of board surface finishes with immersion silver (ImAg) or organic solderability preservatives, and pads with via-in-pad (VIP) or non-VIP pads were investigated. Test results showed that most of the BGAs with non-VIP pads performed better than those with VIP pads, except Sn–In solder with ImAg surface finish. The Sn–In solder showed the lowest performance, while Sn–Bi and Sn–Bi–Ag solder compositions showed better performance. Sn–Zn–Al solder joint strength performs better than others.
Incidental Findings on Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Children With Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Jordan Lori C. , McKinstry Robert C. , Kraut Michael A. , Ball William S. , Vendt Bruce A. , Casella James F. , DeBaun Michael R. ,   for the Silent Infarct Transfusion Trial Investigators, Strouse John J. 
Published: June 2010

OBJECTIVE:
We describe the prevalence and range of incidental intracranial abnormalities identified through MRI of the brain in a large group of children screened for a clinical trial.

METHODS:
We included 953 children between 5 and 14 years of age who were screened with MRI of the brain for the Silent Infarct Transfusion Trial. All had sickle cell anemia or sickle β-null thalassemia. MRI scans were interpreted by 3 neuroradiologists. MRI scans reported to have any abnormality were reviewed by 2 study neuroradiologists. Incidental findings were classified into 4 categories, that is, no, routine, urgent, or immediate referral recommended. Cerebral infarctions and vascular lesions were not considered incidental and were excluded.

RESULTS:
We identified 63 children (6.6% [95% confidence interval: 5.1%–8.4%]) with 68 incidental intracranial MRI findings. Findings were classified as urgent in 6 cases (0.6%), routine in 25 cases (2.6%), and no referral required in 32 cases (3.4%). No children required immediate referral. Two children with urgent findings underwent surgery in the subsequent 6 months.

CONCLUSION:
In this large cohort of children, incidental intracranial findings were identified for 6.6%, with potentially serious or urgent findings for 0.6%.
Max Charlesworth, Françoise Dussart and Howard Morphy (eds.), Aboriginal Religions in Australia: An Anthology of Recent Writings. and Tanya Storch (ed.), Religions and Missionaries around the Pacific, 1500–1900.
Authors: Trompf Garry W. 
Published: June 2010

Max Charlesworth, Françoise Dussart and Howard Morphy (eds.), Aboriginal Religions in Australia: An Anthology of Recent Writings. Vitality of Indigenous Religions Series, 4. Ashgate, Aldershot, 2005, pp. xii[i] + 324, 0754651282.

Tanya Storch (ed.), Religions and Missionaries around the Pacific, 1500–1900. The Pacific World: Lands, Peoples and their History of the Pacific, 1500–1900, 17. Ashgate Variorum, Aldershot, 2006, pp. xxxvii + 415, ISBN: 0754606678.
Is the Womb Barren? A Located Study of Spiritual Tourism in Sedona, Arizona, and Its Possible Effects on Eco-consciousness
Authors: Coats Curtis 
Published: June 2010

Ancient people considered Sedona, Arizona, the womb of Earth. This is only part of the story of Sedona that has made it a spiritual tourist destination. Some estimate that well over one million New Age pilgrim-tourists travel there annually to experience the vortices, or energy spots, in the Earth’s womb.
These visitors will find different spiritual practitioners in Sedona, but they will find at least one common thread. The red rocks of Sedona hold great mystical power – a power that is explained with an eclectic mix of New Age metaphysics and modern science. Using field data from in-depth interviews, text analysis and participant observation, I will detail the content and contours of the scientific-spiritual worldview embedded in Sedona’s landscape and embodied by its pilgrim-tourists. Also, I will address possibilities for eco-consciousness embodied in the lived experience of this worldview.
Mineralized Tissue Formation Associated With 2 Different Dental Implant Designs: Histomorphometric Analyses Performed in Dogs
Authors: Olate Sergio , de Miranda Chaves Netto Henrique Duque , Klüppel Leandro Eduardo , Mazzonetto Renato , de Albergaria-Barbosa Jose Ricardo 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The clinical success of dental implants might be associated with such factors as installation technique, implant shape, size, material, and screw threads. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze mineralized tissue formation on the screw threads of conical and cylindrical dental implants. This study includes 7 beagle dogs that had the lower premolars extracted. Three months after bone and soft tissue repair, 2 different designs of dental implants (1 conical and 1 cylindrical) were installed in each hemimandible using a nonsubmerged technique. Both implants when installed had different shape and thread, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Six weeks after implant installation, animals were killed and submitted to histomorphometric analysis. Cervical, middle, and apical areas were analyzed. Statistical analysis was carried out using Student t test at a significance level of P &lt; .05. Statistically significant differences were not found between the conical and cylindrical implants. The conical implants presented fewer threads, a smaller area, and more bone formation when compared with the cylindrical ones, without significant differences (P  =  .1226). The highest values concerning bone formation were observed for the cervical area (P  =  .4005), and the lowest for the apical area (P  =  .1899); however, no statistically significant difference was observed. In conclusion, no statistically significant difference was observed in thread bone formation between the cylindrical and conical implant designs when placed using the nonsubmerged technique.
Implant Periapical Lesions: Etiology and Treatment Options
Authors: Romanos Georgios E , Froum Stuart , Costa-Martins Silvia , Meitner Sean , Tarnow Dennis P 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Implant failures due to apical pathology are conditions that have not been extensively studied nor reported in the literature. The implant periapical lesion (IPAL) has different symptoms, and several etiologies have been proposed in the literature. This article reviews cases of IPAL reported in peer-reviewed journals and presents possible treatment options. Analysis of the data collected was performed based on diagnosis, cause of extraction of the natural tooth, location, period of implant placement, implant surface, and treatment approach. Even the data presented in this review are based on few reported cases the etiology of these lesions seems to be multifactorial or with an unknown origin. Contamination of the implant surface, bone overheating during surgery, excessive torquing of the implant, poor bone quality, perforation or thinning of the cortical bone, premature or excessive load over the fixture, fracture of the bone inside the hollow portion of the hollow implant, and an implant placement in an infected maxillary sinus have been discussed. In general, areas around endodontically compromised teeth should be carefully analyzed prior to implant placement to prevent implant failures.
Bioglass Associated With Leukocyte-Poor Platelet-Rich Plasma in the Rabbit Maxillary Sinus: Histomorphometric, Densitometric, and Fractal Analysis
Authors: Trindade-Suedam Ivy Kiemle , de Morais Juliana Aparecida Najarro Dearo , Faeda Rafael Silveira , Leite Fábio Renato Manzolli , Tosoni Guilherme Monteiro , Neto Carlos Benatti , Marcantonio Elcio , Scaf Gulnara 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the outcomes of autogenous bone graft (AB) and bioglass (BG) associated or not with leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma (LP-PRP) in the rabbit maxillary sinus (MS) by histomorphometric and radiographic analysis. Twenty rabbits divided into 2 groups (G1, G2) were submitted to sinus lift surgery. In G1, 10 MS were grafted with AB and 10 MS were grafted with BG. In G2, 10 MS were grafted with AB + LP-PRP and 10 MS were grafted with BG + LP-PRP. After 90 days, the animals were killed and specimens were obtained, x-rayed, and submitted to histomorphometric, radiographic bone density (RD) and fractal dimension analysis. Radiographic bone density mean values (SD), expressed as aluminum equivalent in mm, of AB, BG, AB + LP-PRP, and BG + LP-PRP groups were 1.79 (0.31), 2.04 (0.39), 1.61 (0.28), and 1.53 (0.30), respectively. Significant differences (P &lt; 0.05) were observed between BG and AB, and BG + PRP and BG. Fractal dimension mean values were 1.48 (0.04), 1.35 (0.08), 1.44 (0.04), and 1.44 (0.06), respectively. Significant differences were observed between BG and AB, and AB + LP-PRP and BG. Mean values for the percentage of bone inside MS were 63.30 (8.60), 52.65 (10.41), 55.25 (7.01), and 51.07 (10.25), respectively. No differences were found. No correlations were observed among percentage of bone, RD and FD. Histological analysis showed that MS treated with AB presented mature and new bone formation. The other groups showed minor bone formation. Within the limitations of this study, the results indicated that at a 90-day time end point, AB yielded better results than AB + LP-PRP, BG, and BG + LP-PRP and should be considered the primary material for MS augmentation.
Evaluation of the Effect of Ozonated Plant Oils on the Quality of Osseointegration of Dental Implants Under the Influence of Cyclosporin A: An In Vivo Study
Authors: El Hadary Amany A. , Yassin Hala H. , Mekhemer Sameh T. , Holmes Julian C. , Grootveld Martin 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Immunosuppressive agents have been recognized as factors that induce changes and modifications in bone metabolism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ozonated plant extracts (herein termed ozonated oil) under the influence of Cyclosporin A (CsA) on osseointegration. A total of 20 dental implants were placed in 20 rabbit tibiae assigned to Group A or B. CsA was injected at an immunosuppressive dose in Groups A and B as a single-dose treatment. At the day of surgery, Group A received a single topical ozonated oil treatment (0.55 mL) around dental implants; Group B, the control group, received no ozonated oil. Animals were sacrificed after 8 weeks. Radiographs were obtained at implant surgery and on the day of sacrifice. Bone quality was compared between the 2 groups. Radiographically, osseointegration was microscopically evaluated using scanning electron and light microscopies. In ozonated Group A specimens, light microscopic examination demonstrated evidence of more organized mature bone compared with Group B. Within the limits of this study, the results suggest that short-term administration of CsA, when administered with topical ozonated oil, may influence bone density and the quality of dental implant osseointegration. Therefore, topically applied ozonated oil may influence bone density and the quality of osseointegration around dental implants.
Fresh-Frozen Bone Allografts in Maxillary Ridge Augmentation: Histologic Analysis
Authors: Contar Cintia Mussi Milani , Sarot João Rodrigo , da Costa Maite Barroso , Bordini Jayme , de Lima Antonio Adilson Soares , Alanis Luciana Reis Azevedo , Trevilatto Paula Cristina , Machado Maria Ângela Naval 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBone allograft has become an alternative to autogenous bone due to its decreased operative trauma and the almost unlimited supply of reconstructive material. The aim of the present study was to histologically evaluate the suitability of fresh-frozen bone graft (test group) used in maxillary ridge augmentation, comparing it to autogenous bone (native maxilla: control group). During the re-entry procedures, 9 months after the fresh-frozen allogeneic bone blocks were placed in the atrophic maxillary ridges, bone cores were removed with a trephine bur from test and control treatments in the same patient. Routine histologic processing using hematoxylin and eosin and Picrosirius staining was performed. Mature and immature collagen area and density analysis were carried out for both groups under polarization. The results of Student’s t test for paired samples (P &gt; .05) showed no statistically significant difference in mature and immature collagen area or density percentage between test and control groups. Histologically similar bone formation patterns were observed in both groups. We concluded that fresh-frozen bone allograft is a biologically acceptable alternative for augmentation of the deficient alveolar ridge, showing a similar collagen pattern to that of autogenous bone.
Managing Farming Systems for Nitrate Control: A Research Review from Management Systems Evaluation Areas
Authors: Power J.F. , Wiese Richard , Flowerday Dale 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTThe U.S. Department of Agriculture funded the Management Systems Evaluation Area (MSEA) research project in 1990 to evaluate effectiveness of present farming systems in controlling nitrate N in water resources and to develop improved technologies for farming systems. This paper summarizes published research results of a five‐year effort. Most research is focused on evaluating the effectiveness of farming system components (fertilizer, tillage, water control, cropping systems, and soil and weather variability). The research results show that current soil nitrate tests reliably predict fertilizer N needed to control environmental and economic risks for crop production. A corn (Zea mays L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation usually controls risk better than continuous corn, but both may result in unacceptable nitrate leaching. Reduced tillage, especially ridge‐till, is better than clean tillage in reducing risk. Tile drainage controls nitrate in ground water, but discharge may increase nitrate in surface waters. Sprinkler irrigation systems provide better water control than furrow irrigation because quantity and spatial variability of applied water is reduced. Present farming systems have two major deficiencies: (i) entire fields are managed uniformly, ignoring inherent soil variability within a field; and (ii) N fertilizer rates and many field practices are selected assuming normal weather for the coming season. Both deficiencies can contribute to nitrate leaching in parts of most fields.
Hurricane‐Loaded Soil: Effects on Nitric Oxide Emissions from Soil
Authors: Tabachow Ross M. , Peirce J. Jeffrey , Essiger Christian 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTThe nitric oxide (NO) flux from eastern North Carolina soils subjected to flooding from hurricanes were studied in laboratory experiments. Three sites along the Neuse River basin in eastern North Carolina that sustained different intensities of flooding in September 1999 from Hurricane Floyd were examined. Hurricane Floyd impacted the Neuse River basin by inducing flooding that damaged and disabled hog (Sus scrofa) lagoons and municipal wastewater treatment plants. Between approximately 53 and 325 million liters (14 and 86 million gallons) of untreated hog waste and between approximately 5.7 and 34.4 billion liters (1.5 and 9.1 billion gallons) of untreated municipal wastewater are projected to have entered the Neuse River basin, increasing the concentrations of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and total solids. Phosphorus and total solids are projected to have increased 3.2 and 199.2 mg/L, respectively. Total N was projected to have increased by 9.8 mg/L, which is posited to have increased the NO flux from flooded soils for months after the hurricane. Nitric oxide emissions from soil can adversely affect ozone levels in the lower troposphere. Minimization of NO flux from soil is advantageous, protecting air quality as well as conserving valued nitrogen fertilizers. Hurricane‐loaded soils were found to produce more than 30 times greater NO emissions than nonflooded soils with NO fluxes ranging from 0.1 to 102.5 ng N/(m2 s).
Amelioration of Nickel Phytotoxicity in Muck and Mineral Soils
Authors: Kukier Urszula , Chaney Rufus L. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTIn situ remediation (phytostabilization) is a cost‐effective solution for restoring the productivity of metal‐contaminated soils and protection of food chains. A pot experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), oat (Avena sativa L.), and redbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) was conducted to test the ability of limestone and hydrous ferric oxide (HFO) to ameliorate Ni phytotoxicity in two soils contaminated by particulate emissions from a nickel refinery. Quarry muck (Terric Haplohemist; 72% organic matter) contained 2210 mg kg−1 of total Ni. The mineral soil, Welland silt loam (Typic Epiaquoll), was more contaminated (2930 mg Ni kg−1). Both soils were very strongly acidic, allowing the soil Ni to be soluble and phytotoxic. Nickel phytotoxicity of the untreated muck soil was not very pronounced and could be easily confused with symptoms of Mn deficiency that occurred in this soil even with Mn fertilization. Severe nickel phytotoxicity of the untreated mineral soil prevented any growth of redbeet, the most sensitive crop; even wheat, a relatively Ni‐resistant species, was severely damaged. White banding indicative of Ni phytotoxicity was present on oat and wheat leaves grown on the acidic mineral soil. Soil Ni extracted with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) and 0.01 M Sr(NO3)2 was indicative of the ameliorative effect of amendments and correlated well with Ni concentrations in plant shoots. Making soils calcareous was an effective treatment to reduce plant‐available Ni and remediate Ni phytotoxicity of these soils to all crops tested. The ameliorative effect of HFO was crop‐specific and much less pronounced.
Fractionation of Copper, Nickel, and Zinc in Metal‐Spiked Sewage Sludge
Authors: McLaren R. G. , Clucas L. M. 
Published: June 2010

ABSTRACTThe enrichment or spiking of sewage sludge with heavy metals for experimental purposes is a fairly widely used, although sometimes controversial, technique. A study was undertaken, using a sequential fractionation scheme, to assess the degree of incorporation of Cu, Ni, and Zn into sewage sludge samples spiked with these metals and incubated for 6 mo. For all three metals, substantial proportions of the metals were incorporated into the sludge matrix, particularly as evidenced by their occurrence in the oxide‐bound, organic‐bound, and residual fractions. In particular, for Cu very little of the added copper remained in the sludge supernatant solution after 6 mo of incubation and, apart from at the highest level of Cu addition, there was very little difference in the fractional distribution of Cu between the Cu‐spiked and non‐Cu‐spiked sludges. For Ni and Zn, however, although there was substantial incorporation of these metals into the sludge, the higher levels of Ni and Zn addition resulted in greater proportions of the metals in the most soluble fractions (soluble, exchangeable, specifically sorbed) compared with nonspiked sludges. The fractionation data for Ni also showed that large additions of Cu and Zn can affect the fractional distribution of Ni in the sludge. The drying of sewage sludge prior to analysis was shown to increase metal solubility in the sludge samples, and the potential implications of this finding for the prediction of sludge metal bioavailability are discussed.