bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial care in mental health nursing: a think aloud study
Authors: MacNeela Pádraig , Clinton Gerard , Place Christopher , Scott Anne , Treacy Pearl , Hyde Abbey , Dowd Haulie 
Published: April 2010

macneela p., clinton g., place c., scott a., treacy p., hyde a. & dowd h. (2010) Psychosocial care in mental health nursing: a think aloud study. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(6), 1297–1307.AbstractTitle.  Psychosocial care in mental health nursing: a think aloud study. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study identifying psychosocial interventions relevant to routine care and exploring their content critically and analysing patterns in the use of these interventions.Background.  People experiencing enduring and serious mental disorders value psychosocial engagement as a means of achieving recovery and rehabilitation. However, mental health nurses’ use of person‐centred and directive psychosocial engagement in routine care is unclear, with the potential arising for benevolence and paternalism.Method.  A think aloud study was carried out with 37 mental health nurses responding to a simulated case depicting a person with an enduring mental health problem. Participants were recruited from community and acute hospital facilities across Ireland and responded to two tasks: identifying the nature of the person’s problems and recommending what to do next. Transcripts were coded using judgement and intervention themes designed for the purpose. Patterns in the use of psychosocial intervention themes were described and further analysed by level of experience (highly experienced or not) and practice setting (acute/community setting).Findings.  A task‐oriented psychosocial intervention labelled structured engagement was used extensively, followed by reassurance and encouragement based on pragmatic communication. A minority of nurses used dialogue, representing person‐centred care. Highly experienced community mental health nurses were the most likely to talk in terms of intensive psychosocial engagement.Conclusion.  Relying on pragmatic problem‐solving is problematic in terms of decision‐making transparency and service user involvement. The use of informal knowledge in practice should be negotiated through more open discussion by nurses, including adoption of a consensus on the components of psychosocial care.
Discussing sexuality with patients: nurses’ attitudes and beliefs
Authors: Saunamäki Nina , Andersson Matilda , Engström Maria 
Published: April 2010

saunamäki n., andersson m. & Engström m. (2010) Discussing sexuality with patients: nurses’ attitudes and beliefs. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(6), 1308–1316.AbstractTitle.  Discussing sexuality with patients: nurses’ attitudes and beliefs. Aim.  This paper is a report of a study of Registered Nurses’ attitudes and beliefs towards discussing sexuality with patients.Background.  The World Health Organization regards sexuality as an essential and integrated part of being human. Studies show that diseases and treatments can affect sexuality and that a positive and respectful attitude towards sexuality is important to achieving sexual health.Method.  The study had a correlative and comparative design. The Sexual Attitudes and Beliefs Survey was distributed to a convenience sample of 100 Swedish nurses in 2006, with a response rate of 88%.Results.  Over 90% of nurses understood how patients’ diseases and treatment might affect their sexuality. About two‐thirds felt comfortable talking about sexual issues and agreed that it was their responsibility to encourage talk about sexual concerns. However, 80% did not take time to discuss sexual concerns, and 60% did not feel confident in their ability to address patients’ sexual concerns. Older nurses felt more confident in their ability to address patients’ sexual concerns, and the older the nurses, the more positive were their attitudes towards discussing sexuality. Nurses with further education also had a more positive attitude towards discussing sexuality.Conclusion.  Education is essential to improve nurses’ ability to give patients the holistic care they deserve. Studies are needed to understand fully what mechanisms underlie the barriers that clearly prevent nurses from addressing patients’ sexuality.
Role adaptation of family caregivers for ventilator‐dependent patients: transition from respiratory care ward to home
Authors: Huang Tzu‐Ting , Peng Ji‐Ming 
Published: April 2010

Aim and objectives.  To explore the underlying theoretical framework for the role adaptation of family caregivers for ventilator‐dependent patients after transferring from respiratory care ward to home.Background.  The number of ventilator‐dependent patients has been increasing worldwide. Under Taiwan’s National Health Insurance policy, if ventilator‐dependent patients are stable, they should be transferred from an acute care hospital to a subacute unit or home.Design.  A qualitative design based on grounded theory was adopted for this study.Methods.  One‐on‐one, in‐depth interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of 15 family caregivers who were caretaking ventilator‐dependent patients at their home two months after hospital discharge. Theoretical sampling was used until concepts emerging in data analysis were saturated. Analysis of audio‐taped interview transcripts generated a process of role adaptation for family caregivers of a ventilator‐dependent patient.Results.  The caregiver’s transition to the care‐giving role is a dynamic process with consequences that are impacted by level of support from the family, affective rewards from the patient, patient’s health condition and a balanced life schedule for the caregiver.Conclusions.  The results of this study can provide respiratory care professionals with skills to assess the needs of caregivers for ventilator‐dependent patients and individualise interventions to caregivers’ specific needs.Relevance to clinical practice.  The findings of this study contribute to nurses’ understanding and promotion of role adaptation for family caregivers among ventilator‐dependent patients.
Acetylation represses the binding of CheY to its target proteins
Authors: Liarzi Orna , Barak Rina , Bronner Vered , Dines Monica , Sagi Yael , Shainskaya Alla , Eisenbach Michael 
Published: April 2010

SummaryThe ability of CheY, the response regulator of bacterial chemotaxis, to generate clockwise rotation is regulated by two covalent modifications – phosphorylation and acetylation. While the function and signal propagation of the former are widely understood, the mechanism and role of the latter are still obscure. To obtain information on the function of this acetylation, we non‐enzymatically acetylated CheY to a level similar to that found in vivo, and examined its binding to its kinase CheA, its phosphatase CheZ and the switch protein FliM – its target at the flagellar switch complex. Acetylation repressed the binding to all three proteins. These results suggest that both phosphorylation and acetylation determine CheY's ability to bind to its target proteins, thus providing two levels of regulation, fast and slow respectively. The fast level is modulated by environmental signals (e.g. chemotactic and thermotactic stimuli). The slow one is regulated by the metabolic state of the cell and it determines, at each metabolic state, the fraction of CheY molecules that can participate in signalling.
Transmission and effect of sublethal infection of granulosis virus (PbGV) on Pieris brassicae Linn. (Pieridae: Lepidoptera)
Authors: Sood P. , Mehta P. K. , Bhandari K. , Prabhakar C. S. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA strain of granulosis virus from Pieris brassicae (Linn.) was isolated and characterized from the dry temperate region of Himachal Pradesh, India situated at an altitude of 2580 m above msl. The pest appears in the region during the summer months (May to September) and overwinters as pupae during the snow covered winter months. Carry over of virus inoculum as sublethal infections, could be an important mechanism for next season epidemics in the region. Effect of sublethal P. brassicae granulovirus infection on its host was therefore studied to understand the transmission mechanism. The third instar larvae were exposed to sublethal viral infection. The surviving larvae showed symptoms of virosis in the pupal and adult stages. The per cent pupation and adult emergence of sublethally infected larvae were significantly reduced and no adult emerged from the abnormal pupae. The mode of transmission of viruses from parents to offspring appeared to be through eggs (transovum). The emerging larvae from the eggs laid by treated females also showed symptoms of virosis. Complete mortality due to viral infection was observed at third instar stage in the offspring (F1). The amplification of granulin gene using specific primer also showed the presence of virus in F1 progenies of sublethally treated P. brassicae larvae, hence confirming vertical transmission.
Cost‐effectiveness and socioeconomic implications of prevention and management of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes
Authors: S Chadban , M Howell , S Twigg , M Thomas , G Jerums , A Cass , D Campbell , K Nicholls , A Tong , G Mangos , A Stack , RJ MacIsaac , S Girgis , R Colagiuri , S Colagiuri , J Craig 
Published: April 2010

Date written: April 2009Final submission: April 2009
Gene expression patterns in a rodent model for depression
Authors: Lagus Markus , Gass Natalia , Saharinen Juha , Saarela Janna , Porkka‐Heiskanen Tarja , Paunio Tiina 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDisturbances in sleep are encountered in the majority of patients with depression. To elucidate the possible molecular mechanisms behind this relationship we examined gene expression changes in a rodent model for depression and disturbed sleep. Animals were treated with daily injections of clomipramine in their early infancy, after which gene expression in basal forebrain was examined using Affymetrix Rat 230.2 chips. We tested the levels of both single transcripts and involved pathways, and searched for common nominators (i.e. transcription factors) that could explain these changes. We identified 72 differentially expressed gene transcripts, many of which are involved in epigenetic regulation, such as DNMT2. Analysis of functional pathways revealed statistically significant changes of the biological process of synaptic transmission, the cellular compartment of the synapse and the molecular function of GABA signalling, showing that transcripts with altered expression are functionally related. Finally, promoter analysis of the differentially expressed genes showed a clear enrichment of binding sites for the transcription factor CREB1, a molecule also involved in epigenetic regulation (cAMP response element‐binding protein induces histone modifications). These results indicate that CREB1 may constitute one of the major links between disturbed sleep and mood. The results also highlight the molecular mechanisms in the murine clomipramine model, previously shown to be a valid model for depression.
Workplace Sexual Harassment Perceptions in the Turkish Context and the Role of Individual Differences
Authors: Toker Yonca , Sümer H. Canan 
Published: April 2010

The major purpose of this study was to examine perceptions of workplace sexual harassment in the Turkish context. In Study 1, 53 working women were interviewed to identify culture‐relevant behaviors that are considered to be sexual harassment. In Study 2, the factor structure of perceptions was explored. In addition, the way in which these perceptions are related to personal variables (i.e. gender role attitudes, self‐esteem, and negative affectivity) was investigated. Participants were 353 women currently employed at various organisations. Five factors were identified: sexist hostility, insinuation of interest, sexual hostility, physical sexual offense, and sexual bribery and coercion. Each factor was regressed on the personal variables. After controlling for relevant demographic and organisational variables, gender role attitudes, self‐esteem, and negative affectivity predicted sexual harassment perceptions. Specifically, negative affectivity predicted milder forms of harassment, attitudes predicted factors that are considered more severe, and self‐esteem predicted all factors but sexist hostility. The extent to which sexual harassment manifestations are universal and how certain manifestations that appeared in the Turkish context broaden the scope of sexual harassment are discussed by referring to the US literature.L’objectif central de cette recherche était l’étude de la perception du harcèlement sexuel au travail en Turquie. Dans une première phase, on a interviewé 53 salariées pour déterminer les comportements relevant du harcèlement sexuel dans ce contexte culturel. Dans une deuxième phase, on a recherché la structure factorielle des perceptions. On a aussi étudié les liens de ces perceptions avec des variables personnelles (Attitudes en rapport avec le rôle découlant du genre, estime de soi et affectivité négative). Les sujets étaient 353 femmes employées dans diverses organisations. Cinq facteurs sont apparus : hostilité sexiste, attirance sous‐entendue, hostilité sexuelle, agression sexuelle physique, coercition et corruption sexuelles. Chaque facteur a subi une analyse de régression sur les variables personnelles. En contrôlant de façon appropriée les variables démographiques et organisationnelles, les attitudes en rapport avec le rôle découlant du genre, l’estime de soi et l’affectivité négative prédisent la perception du harcèlement sexuel. En particulier, l’affectivité négative prédit les formes légères de harcèlement, les attitudes prédisent les facteurs considérés comme plus graves et l’estime de soi prédit tous les facteurs sauf l’hostilité sexiste. On discute à partir de la littérature américaine de l’universalité du harcèlement sexuel et du fait que certaines manifestations propres à la Turquie élargissent le champ de ce harcèlement.
Brahms'sMotivicHarmonies andContemporaryTonalTheory: ThreeCaseStudies from theChamberMusic
Authors: Smith Peter H. 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTIn his classic essay ‘Issues in Composition’, Carl Dahlhaus posits a dialectical relationship in Brahms between the function of harmony as a source for motivic ‘individualisation’ and as a basis for large‐scale formal organisation. This dialectic may be profitably engaged in light of the current debate between Schenkerian and neo‐Riemannian views of harmony, with Brahms's Sextet in G major, String Quartet in C minor and String Quintet in G major serving as analytical case studies.These case studies demonstrate the insights that both Schenkerian and neo‐Riemannian perspectives might afford while drawing attention to the need to engage the two approaches critically to achieve a deeper analytical understanding. The analyses also underscore the importance of formal context and temporal perspective in evaluating harmonic relationships. The presence of tonally centred prolongational structures in no way denies the potential for neo‐Riemannian perspectives to shed light on aspects of the development of Brahms's motivic harmonies. Parsimonious transformations in the motivic dimension likewise do not invalidate Schenkerian insights into each movement's rock‐solid articulation of its tonality. Brahms's range of compositional strategies requires a flexible analytical response, sufficiently consistent to be by implication theoretically coherent, yet subtly differentiated in the specific Schenkerian and neo‐Riemannian explorations.
RhetoricalClosure in theFirstMovement ofSchubert'sQuartet inCmajor, D. 46: A Dialogue withDeformation
Authors: Hyland Anne M 
Published: April 2010

ABSTRACTThis article addresses the issue of parametric non‐congruence as it affects the articulation of closure in the first movement of Schubert's String Quartet in C major, D. 46. This movement displays two formal irregularities which render it problematic in relation to sonata theory: first, the presentation of new thematic material in the exposition does not correspond with a modulation to the dominant key, and second, the recapitulation of the primary theme commences over an activebass progression. As such, D. 46/i provides an apt setting for an appraisal of how effective sonata theory is in the treatment and understanding of closure when the very elements which ought to express it are ostensibly incompatible. The distinction I draw between tonal (syntactic) and rhetorical (semantic) closure in this article (founded in the work of Kofi Agawu, among others) aims at demonstrating that the adherence to a hierarchical perspective of form in which tonality dominates is of little service when examining a work in which local cadential closure is persistently evaded. Ultimately, my analysis shall illustrate the through‐composed design of this movement and, in so doing, question the unrelenting reliance on cadence and contrapuntal closure as delineators of sonata space.
Putting the ‘Community’ into Community Planning: Assessing Community Inclusion in Northern Ireland
Authors: McALISTER RUTH 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn many parts of the world ordinary citizens are demanding to be involved in the planning and management of the environment. One form of such local involvement is scheduled to be introduced into Northern Ireland in 2011. Whilst the introduction of ‘community planning’ is not straightforward in a divided region, even here it is possible to foster meaningful participation in the process in ways that deepen democracy. Conflict will be an inevitable ‘moment’ in the broader democratic process but, through deliberation, conflict can give way to consensus to produce successful community planning outcomes in a region where participative democracy has been long suppressed.Résumé Dans de nombreuses parties du monde, des citoyens ordinaires sollicitent une implication dans l'aménagement et la gestion de l'environnement. L'une des formes de cette implication locale devrait être mise en place en Irlande du Nord en 2011. Bien que l'introduction d'un ‘aménagement communautaire’ ne soit pas évidente dans une région divisée, il reste possible d'encourager une participation constructive au processus d'aménagement selon des modalités qui renforcent la démocratie. Le conflit est un ‘moment’ inévitable dans le processus démocratique global mais, par la réflexion, il peut laisser place au consensus afin de déboucher sur des aménagements communautaires réussis dans une région où la démocratie participative n'existe plus depuis longtemps.
Age‐related changes in pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) and related receptors in human epidermis
Authors: Pain S. , Dezutter C. , Reymermier C. , Vogelgesang B. , Delay E. , André V. 
Published: April 2010

SynopsisMuch effort has been placed in cosmetic research for better understanding of the effects of ageing on skin’s appearance, structure, mechanical properties and function. It is now of common knowledge that UV radiations induce pre‐mature skin ageing notably in the epidermis where UV radiations induce keratinocyte differentiation. As UV radiations have also been shown to regulate the pro‐opiomelanocortin (POMC) peptide family in the skin and because no study has been conducted so far to investigate the age‐related changes in POMC and related receptors, we analysed POMC, MC‐1R, MC‐2R and MOR‐1 at mRNA level and MC‐1R, MC‐2R and MOR‐1 at protein level too in primary cultures of normal human keratinocytes obtained from female donors aged from 17 to 75 years old. Regarding the gene expressions, we observed that MC‐1R, MC‐2R and MOR‐1 suffered a dramatic decrease after 50 years of age, whereas POMC increased five‐fold. Western blot analysis confirmed these results except for MOR‐1 whose expression appeared to decrease at older age, around 70 years old. Immunostainings specific to MC‐1R, MC‐2R and MOR‐1 performed on full‐thickness skin biopsies also revealed an intense staining in the basal and spinous layers of a 30‐year‐old donor, whereas no reactivity could be observed in a 60‐year‐old one. We conclude that POMC and POMC‐related receptors suffer a dramatically disturbed balance with ageing and that this may be implicated in the general process of skin ageing.
Simulation of adsorption of gold nanoparticles carried by gas ascending from the Earth’s interior in alluvial cover of the middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: CAO J. J. , HU X. Y. , JIANG Z. T. , LI H. W. , ZOU X. Z. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe adsorption onto other minerals of charged gold nanoparticles, carried by gas ascending from the Earth’s interior, is an important component of their transport and deposition in surficial cover such as alluvial, aeolian, and glacial sediments. To simulate the adsorption of these particles, an experiment was conducted in which a flow of air that contained gold nanoparticles was passed upward through a sample of alluvium from the middle–lower reaches of the Yangtze River. These experiments showed that gold nanoparticles are adsorbed on kaolinite, halloysite, goethite, and hematite in the alluvial cover. Both the gold nanoparticles and minerals (i.e., kaolinite, halloysite, goethite, and hematite) carry surface charges that provide them with excellent adsorption properties. This study showed that the specific mineral composition of surficial alluvial cover affects the concentration of gold nanoparticles in the ascending gas. This phenomenon may plausibly be used in exploration for concealed gold, copper–gold, and silver–gold deposits in areas of thick alluvial cover. Geofluids (2010) 10, 438–446
Fetal anatomy of peripheral lymphatic vessels: a D2‐40 immunohistochemical study using an 18‐week human fetus (CRL 155 mm)
Authors: Jin Zhe Wu , Nakamura Takuo , Yu Hee Chul , Kimura Wataru , Murakami Gen , Cho Baik Hwan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractWe demonstrated fetal peripheral lymphatic vessels (LVs) using D2‐40 immunohistochemistry in a whole female fetus (18 weeks of gestation, CRL 155 mm) except for the head. There were abundant LVs in the thyroid gland, lung, stomach, small intestine, rectum and pancreas, whereas no LVs were seen in the parathyroid gland, spleen and adrenal cortex. In the liver, except for the gallbladder bed, LVs were still restricted to around hilar thick portal veins and around the hepatic vein terminals. Subcutaneous LVs were well developed throughout the body even in areas where no or few perforating LVs connected with the deep LVs. The diaphragm contained abundant, dilated LVs in the pleural half of its thickness. LVs were also seen not only along supplying arteries of muscles and cartilage but also along the epimysium and perichondrium. LVs ran in a space between the obliquus internus and transversus abdominis but not between the obliquus internus and obliquus externus. Some tight connective tissues such as the sacrotuberous ligament contained abundant LVs. The intervertebral foramen contained a lymphatic plexus. The present observations provide a better understanding of peripheral lymphatic development. The fetal lymphatic morphology seems not to represent a mini‐version of the adult morphology.