Evaluation of CA 27.29 as Prognostic Marker in Primary Breast Cancer Patients – Results of the German SUCCESS Trial.
Authors: Andergassen U. , Rack B. , Schindlbeck C. , Räber G. , Ulmer H. , Heinrich G. , Kreienberg R. , Schneeweiss A. , Chatsiproios D. , Lichtenegger W. , Beckmann M. , Janni W. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background:While tumor markers are frequently used for the evaluation of treatment efficacy in metastatic breast cancer, the role of Muc-1 markers in primary disease and during recurrence-free follow-up is still under discussion. In the German multicenter SUCCESS trial we evaluated CA 27.29 in 3754 patients before and after adjuvant chemotherapy and 2 and 5 years after primary diagnosis.Methods:The SUCCESS Trial compares FEC-Docetaxel (Doc) vs. FEC-Doc-Gemcitabine (Doc-G) regime and two vs. five year treatment with Zoledronat in patients with primary breast cancer (N+ or high risk N-). CA27.29 has been measured with ST AIA-PACK CA27.29 reagent using MUC-1 for AIA-600II (Tosoh Bioscience, Tessenderlo, Belgium). The cutoff for positivity of CA27.29 is &gt;31 U/ml.Results:In 2807 primary breast cancer patients CA27.29 has been prospectively evaluated before and after chemotherapy. 22% of all patients had a marker &gt;31 U/ml (n=587, mean 19.00, range 3.04-410) before and 39% (n=1058, mean 23.34, range 2.70-330) after chemotherapy.After a median follow-up period of 18 months 138 patients developed a recurrence of their disease. 12% (n=17) of patients with recurrent disease had before chemotherapy a marker &gt;31 U/ml (mean 28.08, range 4.95-410). After completion of chemotherapy 16% of patients (n=22) had a CA 27.29 marker &gt;31 U/ml (mean 21.7, range 5.35-330).7% (n=10) had shown positivity of CA27.29 before and after therapy. 5% (n=07) of patients changed from positive to negative (cutoff for CA27.29) afterwards. 80% (n=109) were negative before and after therapy, whereas 8% (n=12) became positive after treatment.There is no significant difference in positivity of CA27.29 between Patients with an onset of disease recurrence in the first year (n=38), second year (n=68), the third year (n=24) after chemotherapy and all other prospectively evaluated patients with primary breast cancer (n=2784).Before chemotherapy treatment the prevalence of elevated CA27.29 in all 2807 primary breast cancer patients was equally distributed between the FEC-Doc and the FEC-Doc-G arm. After chemotherapy 34% in the FEC-Doc arm showed an increased level vs. 45% in the FEC-Doc-G arm. The correlation analysis showed no significant coherence between hormonal status (ER: p&lt;0.323; PR: p&lt;0.078), HER2/neu status (p&lt;0.308), Grading (p&lt;0.565) and CA27.29 level. Tumor size (p&lt;0.020) and the nodal status (p&lt;0.022) were significant associated with Ca27.29 levels.Conclusion:This marker will be useful for treatment monitoring; first of all because a close relation between Ca27.29 and tumor mass at primary diagnosis is evident. But only further results of the SUCCESS-trial, especially the evaluation of CA27.29 blood level at follow-up examination 2 years and 5 years after chemotherapy, will improve the prognostic relevance of this marker.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 3023.