bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Knowledge of General and Local Anesthesia among Patients Undergoing Elective Surgery
Authors: Vahabi Sepideh , Beiranvand Siavash , Kiabi Farshad Hassanzadeh , Goudarzi Zahra 
Published: April 2024

Objective
Adequate knowledge of anesthesia and anesthesiologists can reduce patient anxiety. However, patients in developing countries are known to have relatively lesser knowledge and awareness regarding anesthesia. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge of patients referred for elective surgery regarding regional and general anesthesia and related factors.

Methods
In this descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study, 370 subjects were evaluated by a simple non-random sampling method. The researcher constructed a questionnaire study tool to assess demographic variables, backgrounds, and patients' level of awareness. After the collection, data were entered into the SPSS 21 software and were analyzed using chi-square, variance analysis and independent t-test.

Results
The mean age of our patients was 43.09±17.79 years and the mean score of knowledge regarding general and local anesthesia was 3.62±1.35 and 2.65±1.53, respectively. In this study, patients' awareness about general and local anesthesia had a significant association with female gender, age group 30-40 years, postgraduate education, government job previous local anesthesia, trust in the physician, having a history of surgery and willingness to visit the anesthesiologist before the surgery. In addition, patients who had eyes, nose and throat surgeries, and their source of information was limited, had greater scores, p<0.005. Individuals were more aware of common side effects of local anesthesia than those of general anesthesia. However, over half of the patients preferred general anesthesia due to fear of live experience and sound during surgery.

Conclusion
Based on the results of the study, the awareness of patients about general anesthesia was greater than regional anesthesia. Overall, increasing awareness by strengthening the level of confidence and trust in anesthesiologists can lead to better postoperative outcomes and reduce patients’ anxiety levels.
Penumbuhan Kesadaran Membuang Sampah Pada Tempatnya Di Madrasah Ibtidaniyah Wahid Hasyim Nologaten Yogyakarta (The Participation Of Student’s In Order To Increase Awareness Of Disposing Of Garbage In Place At Madrasah Ibtidaniyah Wahid Hasyim Nologaten)
Authors: Saraswati Saraswati , Saputra Soleh , Maulidya Ana , Handziko Rio Christy 
Published: April 2024

AbstrakSampah menjadi permasalahan lingkungan saat ini. Jumlahnya yang sangat banyak, terutama sampah anorganik yang tidak dapat diuraikan khususnya botol plastik bekas ditambah dengan kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat akan cara mengelola sampah yang baik ataupun pemanfaatan sampah yang baik menjadi salah satu permasalahan dan jika dibiarkan dapat merusak lingkungan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah menumbuhkan kesadaran kepada masyarakat dengan pelibatan aktif dalam pemanfaatan botol plastik bekas, pemberian sosialisasi mengenai sampah organic dan anorganik dan pelatihan kepada kelompok masyarakat sasaran, terutama anak-anak sekolah pada tingkat SD/MI dalam pengelolaan sampah dan sadar lingkungan sehingga sampah-sampah khususnya anorganik yang ada bisa dimanfaatkan agar lebih bernilai guna. Kegiatan dilakukan sejak April-Mei 2019. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan ini adalah sosialisasi dan partisipasi aktif dari siswa. Hasil yang diperoleh dari kegiatan yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa diperoleh kesadaran siswa akan pentingnya menjaga lingkungan, siswa telah mengetahui cara pemilahan sampah, dan mengetahui cara mengelola sampah-sampah yang ada, khususnya sampah anorganik.Kata kunci : Sampah Botol Plastik, Kesadaran Siswa, Daur Ulang.Abstract Garbage is becoming a current environmental problem. The huge amount, especially inorganic waste that cannot be deciphered, especially used plastic bottles, coupled with a lack of public awareness on how to manage good waste or the use of waste which is good is one of the problems and if left unchecked it can damage the environment. The aim of this activity is to raise awareness of the community by active involvement in the use of used plastic bottles, giving information on organic and inorganic waste and training to target community groups, especially school children at elementary or MI level in waste management and environmentally conscious so that waste - especially inorganic waste that can be used to make it more valuable. Activities are carried out from April to May 2019. The method used in this activity is socialization and active participation of students. The results obtained from the activities that have been carried out show that students' awareness of the importance of protecting the environment is obtained, students have known how to sort waste, and know how to manage existing waste, especially inorganic waste.Key words : Plastic Bottle Waste, Student Awareness, Recycling.
The effect of psychosocial interventions for sexual health in patients with pelvic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ask Samuel , Schildmeijer Kristina , Kaldo Viktor , Hellström Amanda 
Published: April 2024

Aim: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to explore and evaluate the effect of psychosocial interventions in improving sexual health outcomes among post-treatment patients with pelvic cancer.
Methods: Inclusion and exclusion criteria were pelvic cancer survivors; psychosocial interventions; studies with a control group and measures of sexual health. Five databases were searched for literature along with an inspection of the included studies’ reference lists to extend the search. Risk of bias was assessed with the RoB2 tool. Standardised mean difference (SMD) with a random effects model was used to determine the effect size of psychosocial interventions for sexual health in patients with pelvic cancers.
Results: Thirteen studies were included, with a total number of 1,541 participants. There was a large heterogeneity regarding the type of psychosocial intervention used with the source found in a leave one out analysis. Six studies showed statistically significant improvements in sexual health, while three showed positive but non-significant effects. The summary effect size estimate was small SMD = 0.24 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05 to 0.42, p = 0.01).
Discussion: There is limited research on psychosocial interventions for sexual health in pelvic cancer patients. There are also limitations in the different pelvic cancer diagnoses examined. Commonly, the included articles examined physical function rather than the whole sexual health spectrum. The small effect sizes may in part be due to evaluation of psychosocial interventions by measuring physical dysfunction. Future research should broaden sexual health assessment tools and expand investigations to more cancer types.
Thermal Expansion of Metal Oxides in Silicate Melts: A Simple Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Nesbitt H. Wayne , Richet Pascal , Henderson Grant S. , Bancroft G. Michael 
Published: April 2024

The isobaric, isochemical coefficient of thermal expansion ( α) is the proportionality constant relating ∂V/V and ∂T. Noting that ∂V/V equals ∂lnV at constant pressure and composition (i.e., P and X): α=(∂VV∂T)P,X=(∂lnV∂T)P,X A polynomial expression for the temperature dependence of lnV yields direct and accurate calculation of α of melts and glasses. Using the approach, αG of Na-silicate glasses is shown to be constant between 300 and ∼650 K (P and X constant), but it increases linearly with Na2O content, indicating that α is controlled mostly by Na behaviour. Values of α for a melt or glass are necessarily (thermodynamically) related to the coefficients of thermal expansion of its ‘N’ melt components ( αN) by: α=α1θ1+α2θ2+α3θ3+⋯+αNθN where θ represents volume fraction of a component. Calculated αNa2O and αSiO2 values compare satisfactorily with reported values for melts containing ∼40–60 mole% Na2O but are less satisfactory for highly siliceous melts, implying need for refinement of α values. The Coulombic force of attraction between cation and anion is the primary determinant of the magnitude of α values of alkali and alkaline earths oxides. Their values represent a lower bound on α of 3d and 4f modifier oxides. Values larger than this lower bound likely result from a change in coordination number (CN) from higher to lower CN values of modifier cations. Experimental and molecular dynamics studies indicate that partial charges on NBO (O of Si-O-M moieties) and BO (O of Si-O-Si moieties) are about −0.96 and −0.64 respectively, thus NBOs should be incorporated into the first coordination spheres of modifier cations in preference to BOs. A simple mechanism is proposed whereby NBO-BO exchange occurs and CN of the modifier cation decreases with minimal topological adjustment or energetic cost to the melt.
Investigating the Effects of Crack Orientation and Defects on Pipeline Fatigue Life Through Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Kebir Tayeb , Belhamiani Mohamed , Daikh Ahmed Amine , Benguediab Mohamed , Benachour Mustapha 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In response to the steady rise in global demand for energy resources such as gas and oil, there is a pressing need to enhance the efficiency and safety of pipeline transportation systems. These systems, integral for transferring vast amounts of energy, must operate under increasingly higher pressures and larger diameters without compromising reliability. This study focuses on utilizing finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the influence of crack orientation and the presence of defects on the fatigue life of pipelines. By simulating internal pressure scenarios and examining various defect characteristics with the AFGROW software, this research applies damage tolerance principles to offer insights into the fatigue behavior of pipelines. The findings can be applied to extend the operational life and ensure the integrity of these critical infrastructures, thereby supporting the sustainable and safe transport of energy resources.
Using Own Algorithms to Increase the Quality and Fatigue Resistance of FDM Printing for Use in Drones and Small Aircraft
Authors: Szafran Krzysztof Stanisław , Jeziorek Łukasz Andrzej 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The present article discusses the three-dimensional (3D) printing process in the fused deposition modeling (FDM) or the fused filament fabrication (FFF) technique using the author’s own philosophy of shaping the printing head path. The main requirements are the possibility of eliminating supports and reducing or even eliminating the need for the mechanical processing of 3D prints before their final assembly. The presented methodology was implemented in a computer program written by the author and was used to print typical parts used in aviation. Individual methods of shaping parts typical for the construction of small flying models, such as wings and fuselages, and methods of strengthening and connecting them have been discussed. The proposed solutions are illustrated with photos of readymade prints. This article also discusses the issues that printing high-quality parts may encounter and how to avoid them. Some attention has also been paid to the materials used for printing and their suitability in the construction of aircraft and their fatigue strength.
Frost hardiness of flower buds of 16 apricot cultivars during dormancy
Authors: Bakos József L. , Ladányi Márta , Szalay László 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
The effectiveness of apricot cultivation is greatly threatened by frost damage to flower buds during the dormancy period. One of the most important aspects of the evaluation of cultivars is therefore the determination of their frost tolerance. In this paper, the frost hardiness of flower buds of 16 apricot cultivars was investigated in three dormancy periods, applying a standardised artificial freezing test protocol and determining LT50 values. The results showed that both the genotypes and the yearly climatic conditions had a significant effect on frost tolerance. A genotype generally determines the potential maximum of its frost tolerance (‘Sweet Red’ and ‘Primaya’ were very sensitive to frost every year, while ‘Harlayne’ and ‘Rózskajszi C.1406’ could be considered as frost hardy). Flower buds can reach different levels of frost resistance each year depending on the temperature conditions during the hardening and dehardening periods. From the point of view of yield security, it is essential when planning an orchard, to take into account and harmonise the frost hardiness of the cultivars selected and the growing site conditions. Therefore, it is very important to have adequate information about the frost hardiness of different apricot cultivars, which should be included in cultivar descriptions. This paper is intended to contribute to this goal.
O absoluto fenomenológico
Authors: Barbaras Renaud 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The same subjectivity that makes the world appear belongs, as an integral part, to that which it makes appear, so that there is no alternative between the phenomenological involvement of the world by subjectivity and the ontological involvement of subjectivity by the world. These are the two faces, already abstract, of a fundamental and original situation, in other words, a primitive fact or an archifact. We have thus transported the correlation to the terrain of the world in the form of a double position of the subject, which I have further formulated metaphorically through the distinction between being before and being within. So, what does it mean to belong to the world, or rather, what are the senses of belonging implied by the fundamental situation we have just described?
The Other of Correlation (Small Prolegomena to any Future Phenomenological Metaphysics)
Authors: Jean Grégori 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The recent liberation of phenomenology’s “metaphysical” word seems to us to present a twofold risk: on the one hand, that of leading us to lose in intension what they will have made us gain in extension - what exactly does the term “metaphysical” mean here, and can we even hope to provide an exact definition? On the other hand, it would convert our former reservations, which may indeed have been excessive, into a temerity that would ultimately be no less so. The aim we have set ourselves here must therefore be modest: to attempt to avert this twofold risk by first equipping ourselves with a clear and unambiguous concept of what is or could legitimately be understood by the term “phenomenological metaphysics; to show then how and why phenomenology, rightly or wrongly, but without really realizing what was preventing it from doing so, has never really managed to do so; to indicate finally the question that a “phenomenological metaphysics” conforming to its concept would have to ask, and to which it would have to commit itself to answer.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia diagnosis management in low-resource setting, a practical approach
Authors: Dumitroae Andreea , Voropanov Ion Alexandru , Slăvulete Ramona Elena , Comănici Valentina-Daniela , Craiu Mihai , Stan Iustina Violeta 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a congenital disorder with genetic determinism, characterized by chronic infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract. The triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis is called Kartagener Syndrome. PCD is a predominantly autosomal recessive disease, involving more than 40 mutations of genes. Abnormal cilia movement leads to defective mucociliary clearance resulting in chronic cough, nasal congestion, recurrent otitis, chronic sinusitis, male infertility and other rare conditions. First presented case is one of a 17-year-old girl with chronic treatment for asthma for the last 5 years. Respiratory functional tests were performed: the patient didn’t present variable airflow obstruction. The diagnosis of PCD was suspected because of chronic respiratory infections in a situs-inversus patient. The second case is a 4-year-old patient with a clinical history highly suggestive of ciliary dyskinesia, who received a recommendation for genetic testing to confirm the diagnosis. The third case is an 8-year-old boy with wet cough from neonatal period, bronchiectasis and sinusitis. Both his symptoms and the fact that his adult brother presented situs inversus, chronic sinusitis and bronchiectasis led us to raise suspicion of PCD. These case reports aim to highlight the real-life difficulties in a rather low-resource setting in diagnosing PCD, a genetic syndrome with long term impact on airways. The second objective was outlining the clinical manifestations that are highly suggestive of PCD and also to develop a diagnostic algorithm for a real-life scenario involving a pulmonologist with reduced access to high-performance tools like TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and complex genetic tests. Because not all PCD cases have known genetic mutations and some don’t have ultrastructural abnormalities we could still rely on the old saccharin test in order to select patients that are candidates for nasal NO. A high index of suspicion for PCD should be present in any patient with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis patient. PCD remains a rare and underdiagnosed genetic syndrome in real-life paediatric setting in countries with limited neonatal screening programs. Increasing awareness of this condition and accessible diagnostic tools are desirable in order to find patients with high-likelihood of PCD and to refer these selected patients to specialized centres. Authors provide an age-dependent approach of PCD patients in a low resource setting.
Lung cancer screening – a necessity? – Brief literature review
Authors: Mosteanu Ioana-Madalina , Iorga Luiza-Ana , Mahler Beatrice 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Lung cancer ranks among the first in terms of mortality rates in the world, which is why a screening program for people at risk is imperative. However, nowadays, thanks to new diagnostic technologies and oncological therapies, lung cancer has maybe come to be classified as a chronic disease. Low-dose computer tomography is currently the best method for lung cancer screening, and the screening criteria are already established internationally. Very important is the psychological or therapeutical support given to patients in the attempt to quit smoking, as well as other methods of prevention and combating pollution.
UV Irradiated SiO2 Nanoparticles as Insulin and Immunoglobulin Molecule Carriers
Authors: Dekhtyar Yuri , Gorohovs Marks , Dimitrova Todorka , Sorokins Hermanis 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Insulin and immunoglobulin therapy is commonly administered through injections that are invasive and painful. They cannot be taken orally because digestive enzymes break them down. To protect against enzymes, drug molecules may be “packed”, which decreases interaction of the active surface of the molecule with the environment. Silica nanoparticles (SiO2) may be used to attach proteins like insulin or immunoglobulin for use in drug delivery. They are stable and biocompatible. Exposing SiO2 nanoparticles to UV radiation may control molecule–nanoparticle attachment because of their electrostatic interactions. This study demonstrates the influence of UV radiation of SiO2 nanoparticles on insulin and immunoglobulin molecule attachment. Alteration of the surface electric potential of SiO2 nanoparticles by UV radiation was determined using electron work function measurements. Influence of radiation on formation of molecule-nanoparticle complexes was assessed by spectrophotometry of their sedimentation rate in solution. Increasing UV exposure time negatively charges the surfaces of SiO2 nanoparticles. Insulin exhibits better adsorption with SiO2 nanoparticles compared to immunoglobulin, likely due to favourable conditions promoting attractive electrostatic interactions. Longer UV exposure weakens insulin adsorption but does not significantly affect immunoglobulin adsorption.
Logic in Poland in the 20th Century
Authors: Woleński Jan , Schumann Andrew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
After Poland gained independence in 1918, logic developed very quickly both as a scientific direction and as a taught discipline. This introduction to the special issue “Logic in Poland in the 20th Century,” published in Volume 13:1 (2024) and Volume 13:2 (2024), provides the historical context for the development of logic in the interwar period.
The Warsaw School of Logic: Main Pillars, Ideas, Significance
Authors: Wybraniec-Skardowska Urszula 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The Warsaw School of Logic (WSL) was the famous branch of the Lviv-Warsaw School (LWS) – the most important movement in the history of Polish philosophy. Logic made the most important field in the activities of the WSL. The aim of this work is to highlight the role and significance of the WSL in the history of logic in the 20th century.
Jan Łukasiewicz and His German Ally. A History of Łukasiewicz-Scholz Cooperation and Friendship
Authors: Brożek Anna 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The article presents interpersonal relations and mutual influences between German logician Heinrich Scholz and Polish scholars, first of all Jan Łukasiewicz. The background for presenting these relationships consists of reflections on the development of logic in Poland and various conceptions of how to apply logic to philosophical issues. Firstly, Jan Łukasiewicz’s program of logicisation of philosophy and his search for allies is presented. Secondly, the forms of cooperation between Łukasiewicz and Scholz, as well as contacts between the latter and other Polish scholars are sketched. Finally, forms of Scholz’s help to Polish friends during the tumultuous period of World War II are examined. The article provides also some reflections on the approach to logic in various European centers of analytic philosophy and historical comments on the continuity of philosophical and logical schools.
How Law’s Nature Influences Law’s Logic
Authors: Hage Jaap 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Classical logic is based on an underlying view of the world, according to which there are elementary facts and compound facts, which are logical combinations of these elementary facts. Sentences are true if they correspond to, in last instance, the elementary facts in the world. This world view has no place for rules, which exist as individuals in the world, and which create relations between the most elementary facts. As a result, classical logic is not suitable to deal with rules, and is therefore unsuitable to deal with legal reasoning. A logic that is more suitable should take into account that law is a part of social reality, in particular a part that consists of constructivist facts, and that rules play a central role in law. This article gives a superficial description of how social reality exists and of the place of law and legal rules in it. It uses this description to argue that traditional techniques to reason with and about legal rules provide a better logic for law than classical logic. These techniques can be accommodated in a logic that treats rules as logical individuals.
Legal Reasoning and Logic
Authors: Woleński Jan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the basis arguments of so-called legal logic and their relation to logic in its standard meaning. There is no doubt that legal arguments belong to logic in the wide sense (sensu largo), but their reduction to schemes of formal logic (logica sensu stricto) is a controversial issue. It can be demonstrated that only some legal arguments fall under explicit rules of formal logic, that is, having a deductive character. Most such reasoning is fallible, and its correctness depends on appealing to extra-logical principles taken from legal norms. For instance, if we say, “If it is permitted more, then it is permitted less” (argumentum a maiori ad minus), we assume that the concepts expressed by the words “more” and “less” are already defined.