bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EBV-associated post-transplantation B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder following allogenic stem cell transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia: tumor regression after reduction of immunosuppression - a case report
Authors: Krenauer Alexander , Moll Alexander , Pönisch Wolfram , Schmitz Nicole , Niedobitek Gerald , Niederwieser Dietger , Aigner Thomas 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEpstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated B-cell post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is a severe complication following stem cell transplantation. This is believed to occur as a result of iatrogenic immunosuppression leading to a relaxation of T-cell control of EBV infection and thus allowing viral reactivation and proliferation of EBV-infected B-lymphocytes. In support of this notion, reduction of immunosuppressive therapy may lead to regression of PTLD.We present a case of an 18-year-old male developing a monomorphic B-cell PTLD 2 months after receiving an allogenic stem cell transplant for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Reduction of immunosuppressive therapy led to regression of lymphadenopathy. Nevertheless, the patient died 3 months afterwards due to extensive graft-vs.-host-disease and sepsis. As a diagnostic lymph node biopsy was performed only after reduction of immunosuppressive therapy, we are able to study the histopathological changes characterizing PTLD regression. We observed extensive apoptosis of blast cells, accompanied by an abundant infiltrate comprising predominantly CD8-positive, Granzyme B-positive T-cells. This observation supports the idea that regression of PTLD is mediated by cytotoxic T-cells and is in keeping with the observation that T-cell depletion, represents a major risk factor for the development of PTLD.
Bayesian multi-QTL mapping for growth curve parameters
Authors: Heuven Henri C M , Janss Luc L G 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

Background
Identification of QTL affecting a phenotype which is measured multiple times on the same experimental unit is not a trivial task because the repeated measures are not independent and in most cases show a trend in time. A complicating factor is that in most cases the mean increases non-linear with time as well as the variance. A two- step approach was used to analyze a simulated data set containing 1000 individuals with 5 measurements each. First the measurements were summarized in latent variables and subsequently a genome wide analysis was performed of these latent variables to identify segregating QTL using a Bayesian algorithm.

Results
For each individual a logistic growth curve was fitted and three latent variables: asymptote (ASYM), inflection point (XMID) and scaling factor (SCAL) were estimated per individual. Applying an 'animal' model showed heritabilities of approximately 48% for ASYM and SCAL while the heritability for XMID was approximately 24%. The genome wide scan revealed four QTLs affecting ASYM, one QTL affecting XMID and four QTLs affecting SCAL. The size of the QTL differed. QTL with a larger effect could be more precisely located compared to QTL with small effect. The locations of the QTLs for separate parameters were very close in some cases and probably caused the genetic correlation observed between ASYM and XMID and SCAL respectively. None of the QTL appeared on chromosome five.

Conclusions
Repeated observations on individuals were affected by at least nine QTLs. For most QTL a precise location could be determined. The QTL for the inflection point (XMID) was difficult to pinpoint and might actually exist of two closely linked QTL on chromosome one.
Matrix-metalloproteinase-2, -8 and -9 in serum and skin blister fluid in patients with severe sepsis
Authors: Gäddnäs Fiia P , Sutinen Meeri M , Koskela Marjo , Tervahartiala Taina , Sorsa Timo , Salo Tuula A , Laurila Jouko J , Koivukangas Vesa , Ala-Kokko Tero I , Oikarinen Aarne 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Introduction
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have various roles in inflammatory states. They seem to be able to modulate endothelial barriers and regulate the activity of chemokines and cytokines. The timely development of the levels during severe sepsis and thereafter have not been investigated. In addition it was of interest to study alterations of MMP-levels in intact skin, as the skin is the largest barrier against external pathogens and MMPs have not been studied at organ level in human sepsis. The aim of this study was to investigate the timely development of serum and skin MMP-2, -8 and -9 levels in human severe sepsis and their association with disease severity and mortality.

Methods
Forty-four patients with severe sepsis and fifteen healthy controls were included in this prospective longitudinal study. The amounts of MMP-2, -8 and -9 were analyzed from serum at days 1, 4, 6, 8, and 10, and from skin suction blister fluid at days 1 and 5 from the beginning of severe sepsis. Additionally, samples from the survivors were obtained after three and six months.

Results
The levels of MMP-2 and -8 were up-regulated in severe sepsis in comparison to healthy controls in skin blister fluid and serum. Compared to the controls MMP-9 levels were lower in sepsis from the fourth day on in serum and both the first and fifth day in skin blister fluid. Active forms of MMP-2 and -9 were present only in severe sepsis. The non-survivors had higher pro- and active MMP-2 levels than the survivors in skin blister fluid samples. Furthermore, MMP-2 levels were more pronounced in blister fluid and serum samples in patients with more severe organ failures. In the survivors at 3 and 6 month follow-up the MMP levels had returned to normal.

Conclusions
MMP-2 and -8 are elevated in serum and blister fluid in severe sepsis, implying that they may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis and organ dysfunctions. Active forms of MMP-2 and 9 were only present in patients with severe sepsis, and higher MMP-2 levels in skin blister and serum were associated with more severe organ dysfunctions.
Systemic levels of G-CSF and interleukin-6 determine the angiogenic potential of bone marrow resident monocytes
Authors: Gregory Alyssa D , Capoccia Benjamin J , Woloszynek Jill R , Link Daniel C 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Systemic signals generated by ischemia lead to STAT3 activation and M2 polarization in bone marrow-resident monocytes.
There is considerable interest in the potential of cell-based approaches to mediate therapeutic angiogenesis for acute and chronic vascular syndromes. Using a mouse model of HLI, we showed previously that adoptive transfer of a small number of donor monocytes enhanced revascularization significantly. Herein, we provide data suggesting that the BM resident monocytes sense systemic signals that influence their future functional capacity. Specifically, following induction of distant ischemia, the angiogenic capacity of BM resident monocytes is reduced markedly. We provide evidence that G-CSF and IL-6 represent such “conditioning” signals. Systemic levels of G-CSF and IL-6 are increased significantly following induction of HLI. Accordingly, BM resident monocytes from ischemic mice exhibited increased pSTAT3 and STAT3 target gene expression. Finally, G-CSFR−/− and IL-6−/− mice were resistant to the deleterious effects of ischemic conditioning on monocyte angiogenic potential. RNA expression profiling suggested that ischemia-conditioned monocytes in the BM up-regulate the well-described M2 polarization markers Chi3l4 and Lrg1. Consistent with this observation, M2-skewed monocytes from SHIP−/− mice also had impaired angiogenic capacity. Collectively, these data show that G-CSF and IL-6 provide signals that determine the angiogenic potential of BM resident monocytes.
Efficacy and acceptability of mood stabilisers in the treatment of acute bipolar depression: systematic review
Authors: Van Lieshout Ryan J. , MacQueen Glenda M. 
Published: March 2010

BackgroundAlthough people with bipolar disorder spend more time in a depressed than manic state, little evidence is available to guide the treatment of acute bipolar depression.AimsTo compare the efficacy, acceptability and safety of mood stabiliser monotherapy with combination and antidepressant treatment in adults with acute bipolar depression.MethodSystematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, double-blind controlled trials.ResultsEighteen studies with a total 4105 participants were analysed. Mood stabiliser monotherapy was associated with increased rates of response (relative risk (RR) = 1.30, 95% CI 1.16–1.44, number needed to treat (NNT) = 10, 95% CI 7–18) and remission (RR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.27–1.79, NNT = 8, 95% CI 5–14) relative to placebo. Combination therapy was not statistically superior to monotherapy. Weight gain, switching and suicide rates did not differ between groups. No differences were found between individual medications or drug classes for any outcome.ConclusionsMood stabilisers are moderately efficacious for acute bipolar depression. Extant studies are few and limited by high rates of discontinuation and short duration. Further study of existing and novel agents is required.
Social communication deficits in disruptive primary-school
children
Authors: Donno R. , Parker G. , Gilmour J. , Skuse D. H. 
Published: March 2010

BackgroundParent and teacher data, from questionnaire surveys, suggest that
school-identified disruptive children often have pragmatic language
deficits of an autistic type.AimsThis replication study aimed to confirm earlier findings, using
individual clinical assessment to investigate traits of autism-spectrum
disorder in disruptive children.MethodPersistently disruptive children (n = 26) and a
comparison group (n = 22) were recruited from primary
schools in a deprived inner-city area. Measures included standardised
autism diagnostic interviews (with parents) and tests of IQ, social
cognition, theory of mind and attention (with children).ResultsThe disruptive children possessed poorer pragmatic language skills
(P<0.0001) and mentalising abilities
(P<0.05) than comparisons. Nine disruptive
children (35%) met ICD–10 criteria for atypical autism or Asperger
syndrome.ConclusionsMany persistently disruptive children have undetected disorders of social
communication, which are of potential aetiological significance.
Should our major classifications of mental disorders be
revised?
Authors: Goldberg David 
Published: March 2010

SummaryOur major classification systems (DSM and ICD) face three main problems:
the high rates of ‘comorbidity’ that are produced by our present
diagnostic rules, the increasing use of ‘not elsewhere classified’ (NEC)
by practising clinicians, and the fact that each new edition is longer
and more complex than the one preceding it. A major simplification of the
chapter structure used by each classification might pave the way to
address these problems.
Early intervention in panic: pragmatic randomised controlled
trial
Authors: Meulenbeek Peter , Willemse Godelief , Smit Filip , van Balkom Anton , Spinhoven Philip , Cuijpers Pim 
Published: March 2010

BackgroundMany people suffer from subthreshold and mild panic disorder and are at
risk of developing more severe panic disorder.AimsThis study (trial registration: ISRCTN33407455) was conducted to evaluate
the effectiveness of an early group intervention based on
cognitive–behavioural principles to reduce panic disorder
symptomatology.MethodParticipants with subthreshold or mild panic disorder were recruited from
the general population and randomised to the intervention
(n = 109) or a waiting-list control group
(n = 108). The course was offered by 17 community
mental health centres.ResultsIn the early intervention group, 43/109 (39%) participants presented with
a clinically significant change on the Panic Disorder Severity Scale–Self
Report (PDSS–SR) v. 17/108 (16%) in the control group
(odds ratio (OR) for favourable treatment response 3.49, 95% CI
1.77–6.88, P = 0.001). The course also had a positive
effect on DSM–IV panic disorder status (OR = 1.96, 95% CI=1.05–3.66,
P = 0.037). The PDSS–SR symptom reduction was also
substantial (between-group standardised mean difference of 0.68). The
effects were maintained at 6-month follow-up.ConclusionsPeople presenting with subthreshold and mild panic disorder benefit from
this brief intervention.
Antidepressant use in adults with intellectual disability
Authors: Rai Prem R. , Kerr Mike 
Published: March 2010

Aims and methodTo study the use of antidepressants in adults with intellectual disability, focusing on medication type, indication, retention and clinical outcome. Case notes of all service users in a learning disability service were hand-searched to identify antidepressant usage, and those who had been treated with antidepressants and in whom at least 1 year of follow-up was possible were included in the study.ResultsA total of 241 treatment episodes were identified. The rates of positive outcome in terms of clinical improvement at 6 weeks, 6 months and 12 months were 49.4%, 48.1% and 49% respectively, and only 29 (12%) episodes of side-effects had been noted.Clinical implicationsAntidepressants are commonly prescribed in adults with intellectual disability. Approximately half did well in terms of clinical improvement.
Antipsychotic prescribing practice among child psychiatrists and community paediatricians
Authors: Otasowie John , Duffy Rachel , Freeman Jenny , Hollis Chris 
Published: March 2010

Aims and methodAll child and adolescent psychiatrists and community paediatricians in the former Trent Region were surveyed about their antipsychotic prescribing practice during 1 year, including monitoring, and whether they would like consensus guidelines on prescribing and monitoring of antipsychotics in children and adolescents.ResultsThe majority (88%) of child psychiatrists and 33% of paediatricians had prescribed atypical antipsychotics, most commonly risperidone. Only two psychiatrists had prescribed a typical antipsychotic and no paediatrician had done so. Challenging behaviour in developmental disorders was the most common indication for atypicals. Both child psychiatrists and paediatricians prescribed atypicals for non-psychotic developmental disorders, whereas prescribing for psychosis occurred almost exclusively among psychiatrists. Height, weight and blood pressure were routinely monitored, but waist circumference was rarely measured and there was wide variation in the monitoring of other parameters such as blood glucose, prolactin and extrapyramidal side-effects. Three-quarters of the participants felt there was a need for guidance on prescribing and monitoring atypical antipsychotic therapy.Clinical implicationsThe greater prescription of antipsychotics by child and adolescent psychiatrists may reflect differences in case-load and training. Routine monitoring of adverse effects is inconsistent among prescribers. The survey highlights the need for training and guidance on prescribing and monitoring of atypical antipsychotic use in children and adolescents.
Postcode lottery? Hospital transfers from one London prison and responsible catchment area
Authors: Wilson Simon , Chiu Katrina , Parrott Janet , Forrester Andrew 
Published: March 2010

Aims and methodTo consider the link between responsible commissioner and delayed prison transfers. All hospital transfers from one London prison in 2006 were audited and reviewed by the prisoner's borough of origin.ResultsOverall, 80 prisoners were transferred from the audited prison to a National Health Service (NHS) facility in 2006: 26% had to wait for more than 1 month for assessment by the receiving hospital unit and 24% had to wait longer than 3 months to be transferred. These 80 individuals were the responsibility of 16 different primary care trusts. Of the delayed transfer cases (n=19), the services commissioned by three primary care trusts were responsible for the delays.Clinical implicationsThere are significant differences in performance between different primary care trusts related to hospital transfers of prisoners, with most hospitals able to admit urgent cases within 3 months. This suggests that a postcode lottery operates for prisoners requiring hospital transfer. Data from prison services may be useful in monitoring and improving the performance of local NHS services.
Due respect and professional care in death
Authors: Jolley David , Tapley Mike 
Published: March 2010

SummaryThe Royal College of Physicians' Palliative Care Services: Meeting the Needs of Patients and the Department of Health's End of Life Care Strategy are important reports that signify a national and international determination to address the needs of people who are nearing their time of dying, and their families, with positive, well-informed professionalism. Despite the advances of medicine and improved social conditions, death will eventually supervene. Psychiatrists and other mental health workers encounter death, in anticipation of its coming and in its aftermath. They need to be aware of developments in the field of end-of-life care and contribute to developments which are occurring, as well as learn and assimilate better practices.
Wittgenstein's legacy and narrative networks: incorporating a meaning-centred approach to patient consultation
Authors: Wallang Paul 
Published: March 2010

SummaryNarrative is an emerging adjunct in psychiatric communication allowing a meaning-centred interpretation of patient experiences. Despite this fact the philosophical framework for such an approach remains largely unknown. This article builds on an earlier article and aims to set out the underlying principles allowing the establishment of a practical and expedient use of this technique to aid patient–physician interaction and therefore improve the quality of that encounter. It will give a philosophical overview of this technique, describe its practical use in a worked example and finally expand the discussion with an argument for its integration in routine clinical consultation.
Physicians' Awareness and Attitudes Toward Decision Aids for Patients With Cancer
Authors: Brace Chantalle , Schmocker Selina , Huang Harden , Victor J. Charles , McLeod Robin S. , Kennedy Erin D. 
Published: March 2010

Purpose Patient decision aids are interventions designed to help patients make deliberative choices about their treatment options and have been shown to significantly improve patient outcomes. Although considered optimal, decision aids are not widely used in clinical practice for cancer treatment. The objectives of this study are to determine physicians' awareness and use of decision aids, physicians' perceptions of the major barriers to the use of decision aids, and physician characteristics predictive of use of decision aids in clinical practice. Methods A population-based survey was mailed to general surgeons, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Results The survey was mailed to 878 physicians, and the overall response rate to the survey was 64.5%. The majority of the participants were male and working in community hospitals for more than 10 years. Overall, 69% of the respondents were aware of decision aids, and 46% were aware of decision aids relevant to their practice. However, only 24% were currently using decision aids. The main barriers to the use of decision aids were reported as lack of awareness, lack of resources, and lack of time. Multivariate analysis showed specialty to be the only physician characteristic influencing the use of decision aids. Conclusion Approximately one third of physicians treating cancer patients are not aware of what decision aids are, and only 24% are currently using decision aids in clinical practice. Strategies to increase physician awareness about decision aids and to implement these tools into clinical practice are important.
meso-Trifluoromethyl-substituted Subporphyrin from Ring-splitting Reaction of meso-Trifluoromethyl-substituted [32]Heptaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1.1)
Authors: Sakamoto Ryu , Saito Shohei , Shimizu Soji , Inokuma Yasuhide , Aratani Naoki , Osuka Atsuhiro 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
meso-Trifluoromethyl-substituted subporphyrin was obtained through an extrusion reaction from meso-trifluoromethyl-substituted heptaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.1.1) upon combined metallation of Cu(II) and B(III) ions. The subporphyrin exhibited the most blue-shifted Soret-like absorption band among those ever prepared.
Preparation of Titania Spheres Consisting of Anatase Nanocrystals via Hydrolysis of Chemically Modified Alkoxides under Solvothermal Conditions
Authors: Uchiyama Hiroaki , Matsumoto Koichi , Kozuka Hiromitsu 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Formation of anatase spheres was achieved via hydrolysis of Ti(OC3H7i)4 modified with acetylacetone (acac) under solvothermal conditions at 150 °C. The reduction in the degree of hydrolysis by the modification of Ti(OC3H7i)4 with acac led to the formation of a spherical shape. The 1–5 µm in diameter spherical particles consisted of anatase nanocrystals below 10 nm in size.
Single-hole Carbonaceous Microcapsules
Authors: Wang Lei , Ni Dezhi , Yang Dan , Zhou Kebin , Yang Sen 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Single-hole and spherical carbonaceous microcapsules were fabricated via controlling the carbonization, hydrolysis, and bulging force of yeast cells during hydrothermal processing. Moreover, magnetic nanoparticles could be easily coated onto these microstructures, endowing the obtained structures with multifunctionality.
Electronic Aptamer-based Biosensor for Multiprotein Analytes on a Single Paltform
Authors: Hayashi Eriko , Takada Tadao , Nakamura Mitsunobu , Yamana Kazushige 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
We describe an approach to the development of a new electronic aptamer-based biosensor for multiprotein targets on a single platform. The multiple protein biosensing involves the co-adsorption of several thiol-terminated capture DNA sequences on a gold surface, along with the hybridization of redox-tagged aptamer to each corresponding capture sequences on the electrode, addition of target proteins, and monitoring aptamer-strand release through electrochemical measurement.
Adsorption Configuration Changes and Reactions of N2O on V(110) between 80 and 200 K
Authors: Doh Won Hui , Jeong Hyun Suck , Kim Chang Min 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Adsorption and reactions of N2O on V(110) have been investigated. The N2O molecule is adsorbed on V(110) through the terminal nitrogen atom at 80 K. The molecular axis of N2O is tilted from the surface, and the tilt angle is greater than 55°. The adsorption configuration of N2O changes in the temperature range of 80 to 120 K, and decomposition of N2O takes place to produce N2.
Photochemical Formal Alkadiene Insertion into an Aromatic C–CN Bond Using Cyanide Ion as a Catalyst
Authors: Ohashi Maki , Maeda Hajime , Mizuno Kazuhiko 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
A reaction involving formal alkadiene insertion into a C–CN bond taking place via a catalytic photo-NOCAS mechanism was developed. The process involves photoirradiation of an acetonitrile solution containing 2,5-dimethyl-2,4-hexadiene (1), p-dicyanobenzene (p-DCB), phenanthrene (Phen), and a catalytic amount (20 mol %) of tetra-n-butylammonium cyanide. The reaction proceeds in the absence of noble metals and under mild conditions (ambient temperature without bases). This is the first example of a photo-NOCAS reaction in which a catalytic amount of nucleophilic species is employed to promote the process.
Enantioselective α-Fluorination and Chlorination of β-Ketoesters by Cobalt Catalyst
Authors: Kawatsura Motoi , Hayashi Shunsuke , Komatsu Yuji , Hayase Shuichi , Itoh Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
We demonstrated the cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric α-fluorination and α-chlorination of β-ketoesters. Both reactions were achieved using a catalytic amount of Co(acac)2 with (R,R)-Jacobsen’s salen ligand; α-fluorinated or α-chlorinated products were thus obtained with a good enentioselectivity.