bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-22 and T-helper-22 Cells in Patients with Enthesitis-related Arthritis
Authors: Singh Ankita , Kansurkar Sandeep , Misra Ramnath , Aggarwal Amita 
Published: June 2024

Background: Animal models studies show the role of interleukin-22 (IL-22) in the pathogenesis of enthesitis. We analysed an association of IL-22 levels with enthesitis in Enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA-ERA) patients. Methods: Patients with JIA-ERA, polyarticular JIA (Poly-JIA), and healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The frequencies of Th1, Th17 and Th22 cells in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) were determined by flow cytometry, and IL-22 levels in SF by ELISA. Data is shown as median with interquartile range. Results: T-cell frequency was determined in 40 JIA-ERA (33 boys, 16 [3.3] years), 10 Poly-JIA (3 boys, 14.5 [6] years), and 10 HC (9 boys, 18 [2] years). Among 40 JIA-ERA patients, 28 had enthesitis. In JIA-ERA, Th1 cell frequency was significantly higher in SF (8.6 [4.5]) than in PB (2.9 [0.55]; P = 0.007). Th22 cell frequency in PB was higher in active JIA-ERA patients as (0.2 [0.1]; JSpADA >2.5) compared to the inactive disease (0.15 [0.18]; P = 0.02). No association was observed between Th22 cell frequency and enthesitis. No difference in serum IL-22 levels of 85 JIA-ERA (78 boys, 16 [4] years), 13 Poly-JIA (4 boys, 12 [7.5] years), and 31 HC (27 boys, 25 [8] years) was observed. SF showed higher IL-22 levels than corresponding serum samples ( P = 0.04). Conclusion: High SF levels of IL-22 suggests its role in inflammation in JIA-ERA patients. The lack of association of PB Th22 cell frequency with enthesitis suggests that immune abnormalities at local site may not be reflected in PB.
Utilizing Single-Branched Stent in Combination With Fenestration or Chimney for Endovascular Repair of Aortic Arch Lesions With Aberrant Subclavian Artery
Authors: Luo Zeng-Rong , Zhu Yong-Ping , Fang Guan-Hua 
Published: June 2024

Objective: The study was to figure out the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of a single-branched stent graft, namely Castor, in combination with fenestration or chimney in the context of aortic arch lesions presenting with aberrant subclavian artery (ASA) and/or Kommerell’s diverticulum (KD). Methods: All consecutive patients with aortic arch lesions and ASA and/or KD receiving Castor from June 2018 to June 2023 were investigated. Results: Incorporating 18 patients, the study encompassed 11 cases with KD, 3 cases with dysphagia; 2 cases of right-sided aortic arch with left-sided aberrant left subclavian artery (ALSA), and 16 cases of left-sided aortic arch with right-sided aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA). The mean operation time was 132±23 minutes. The mean measured proximal aortic diameter was 30.9±1.6 mm, and proximal diameter of Castor stent was 34 (32, 34.5) mm, with oversize of 9.1±1.6%; the mean measured branch diameter was 8.8±0.97 mm, and branch diameter of Castor stent was 10 (8, 10) mm, with oversize of 0.86±0.57 mm. Technical success rate was 100%, and no in-hospital mortality, no stroke, and no endoleak were identified. One (5.6%) case with spinal cord ischemia and one (5.6%) case with poor healing of operative site were identified. During the follow-up period, no aortic-related death or secondary intervention was recorded. The maximal aortic diameter was significantly reduced at the sixth postoperative month (padj=0.031); KD diameter was significantly reduced at the third (padj=0.001) and sixth (padj<0.001) postoperative month. Conclusion: Totally endovascular repair of aortic arch lesions with ASA and KD via Castor stent in combination with fenestration or chimney is feasible, effective, and safe, which can achieve an encouraging medium-term outcome and provide excellent remodeling at the lesions. Clinical Impact Single branched stent in combination with fenestration or chimney achieved a sufficient proximal landing zone and provided an encouraging medium-term outcome in this retrospective review of 18 patients receiving endovascular treatment of pathological aortic arch with aberrant subclavian artery and/or Kommerell’s diverticulum. The authors suggest this time-saving and efficient technique to establish systematic experience for the treatment in this kind of patients.
Unsupervised machine learning cluster analysis to identification EVAR patients clinical phenotypes based on radiomics
Authors: Wang Yonggang , Zhou Min , Ding Yong , Li Xu , Xie Tianchen , Zhou Zhenyu , Fu Weiguo , Shi Zhenyu 
Published: June 2024

Objective This study used unsupervised machine learning (UML) cluster analysis to explore clinical phenotypes of endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients based on radiomics. Method We retrospectively reviewed 1785 patients with infra-renal AAA who underwent elective EVAR procedures between January 2010 and December 2020. Pyradiomics was used to extract the radiomics features. Statistical analysis was applied to determine the radiomics features that related to severe adverse events (SAEs) after EVAR. The selected features were used for UML cluster analysis in training set and validation in test set. Comparison of basic characteristics and radiomics features of different clusters. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was conducted to generate the cumulative incidence of freedom from SAEs rate. Result A total of 1180 patients were enrolled. During the follow-up, 353 patients experienced EVAR-related SAEs. In total, 1223 radiomics features were extracted from each patient, of which 23 radiomics features were finally preserved to identify different clinical phenotypes. 944 patients were allocated to the training set. Three clusters were identified in training set, in which patients had identical clinical characteristics and morphological features, while varied considerably of selected radiomics features. This encouraging performance was further approved in the test set. In addition, each cluster was well differentiated from other clusters and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed significant differences of freedom from SAEs rate between different clusters both in the training ( p = .0216) and test sets ( p = .0253). Conclusion Based on radiomics, UML cluster analysis can identify clinical phenotypes in EVAR patients with distinct long-term outcomes.
Achievement of the patient acceptable symptom state following total shoulder arthroplasty with nonspherical humeral head and inlay glenoid
Authors: Posner Andrew D , Kuna Michael C , Puleo James M , Carroll Jeremy D , Hutchinson Ian D , Zimmerman Joseph P 
Published: June 2024

Background Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) with a nonspherical humeral head component and inlay glenoid is a bone preserving treatment for glenohumeral arthritis. This study aims to describe minimum two year patient reported outcomes, patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) achievement, and complications following TSA with this prosthesis. Methods A retrospective review of patients undergoing TSA with nonspherical humeral head and inlay glenoid was performed. Outcomes included Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) scores, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores, and complications. SANE and ASES scores were compared to established PASS threshold values to determine PASS achievement. Results 56 TSA in 53 patients were identified. The mean age was 64.5 years, 64% were male, and mean follow-up was 29.2 ± 4.9 months (24.0–42.8). Two complications (3.6%) were observed: one subscapularis tear requiring revision to reverse TSA and one traumatic minimally displaced greater tuberosity fracture successfully treated nonoperatively. The mean SANE score was 84.3 ± 16.9 (40–100) and 77% of patients surpassed the PASS threshold of 75.5. The mean ASES score was 85.3 ± 15.7 (40–100) and 77% of patients surpassed the PASS threshold of 76. Discussion Patients undergoing TSA with a nonspherical humeral head and inlay glenoid demonstrated high PASS achievement rates and few complications at short-term follow-up.
GIRFT and Measuring Outcomes in MCNs: endodontics in 646 teeth treated in Tier 2 (Primary Care) and Tier 3 (Secondary Care) settings in England
Authors: Eliyas Shiyana , Shah Kewal , Dhamecha Nalin , Jayaram Tapasya , Yusuf Aaron , Jasani Vishal , Kaur Nirvair 
Published: June 2024

Aim: This paper aims to assess the complexity, quality and outcome of endodontic treatment provided in Managed Clinical Networks (MCNs) in England to understand if we are “getting it right first time” (GIRFT). Methods: In a convenient sample of endodontic treatments provided between May 2011 and April 2017, the complexity of teeth treated, the quality of treatment procedure, the radiographic appearance of root fillings, as well as clinical and radiographic healing were retrospectively assessed using records taken as part of treatment. Trained, calibrated examiners independently scored radiographs using previously published scoring systems. Results: 646 teeth were followed up for 24.7 months (standard deviation [SD] 17.08). The average age of those patients treated was 46.7 years (SD 15.38) with 48.3% being male. Of teeth treated, 70.4% were of complexity level 3. 88.2% of teeth were asymptomatic, and 80% demonstrated complete radiographic healing. Procedural errors inhibited achieving correct working length and taper, with more voids within root canal fillings. When patency filing was reported as being carried out, complete radiographic healing was more likely. Conclusions: It is possible to collate outcome data in the NHS system, especially if there is provision for ongoing follow up and time allocated for collection of data. Endodontic treatment provided within primary and secondary care settings are of high quality, with outcomes being better with single operators carrying out high volumes of endodontic treatment.
How to reduce anxiety symptoms through individual sport in youth: A longitudinal study over 8-month observation
Authors: Wang Lin , Zhang Tianle , Huang Weihao , Gou Leyuan , Zhong Ming , Liu Qiaohan , Liu Yihao 
Published: June 2024

Background: Anxiety symptoms are widely observed among the youth, and engagement in sports has been demonstrated to mitigate these symptoms. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of specific sports and the potential moderating role of psychological factors, such as self-esteem and self-efficacy, on the influence of sports on anxiety, remains to be elucidated. This study was designed to longitudinally assess the impact of sports participation on anxiety symptoms among young individuals. Methods: The study encompassed 163 university students, with a male predominance of 81.6%, and explored the influence of sport-related factors (such as mastery of table tennis skills, level and engagement) and psychological aspects (including self-efficacy, self-esteem and resilience) on anxiety symptoms, employing an 8-month longitudinal approach. Physical activity, sedentary and sleep behaviour, along with age, body mass index (BMI), and sex, were accounted for as confounding variables. Results: The study found that high table tennis performance score was found to buffer the development of anxiety symptoms in students with decreased self-esteem in an exploratory moderation model. Self-esteem and self-efficacy were negatively associated with the development of anxiety symptoms, whereas physical activity factors did not have a direct effect. Conclusion: This study highlights the potential of table tennis as a form of sport to alleviate anxiety symptoms in university students, particularly among those with decreased self-esteem. Future research should address the study’s limitations and explore the potential moderating effects of other psychological factors. Overall, these findings suggest a potential new approach to treating anxiety symptoms among university students.
Youth Pitcher Fatigue: Medial Elbow Laxity, Ultrasonographic Assessment of Flexor-Pronator Mass Energy Depletion, and Association With Pitch Count
Authors: Schubert Manuel F. , Awan Tariq M. , Sciascia Aaron D. , Figueroa Emily G. , DeMink Jennifer M. , Selak David M. , Snyder Corey M. , Gagnier Joel J. , Freehill Michael T. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries in youth pitchers continue to be concerning despite the institution of pitch count limits. Flexor-pronator mass fatigue can lead to diminished dynamic stability, resulting in greater stress on the UCL. Purpose/Hypothesis: To evaluate fatigue of the flexor-pronator mass by assessing changes in medial elbow laxity; noninvasively characterizing alterations in muscle glycogen; and identifying changes in subjective fatigue, strength, range of motion (ROM), pitching velocity, and accuracy with increasing pitches thrown by youth pitchers to their recommended 75-pitch count limit. It was hypothesized that, with increased pitches, medial elbow laxity would increase and that the glycogen content of the flexor-pronator mass would decrease. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Healthy male pitchers aged 10 years (n = 22) threw 3 sets of 25 pitches with 12 minutes between sets (3 timepoints). Bilateral ulnohumeral joint gapping was measured by applying a standardized valgus force and utilizing ultrasound imaging. Relative changes in muscle glycogen in the bilateral flexor carpi radialis (FCR), and the flexor digitorum superficialis/flexor carpi ulnaris (FDS/FCU) muscles were measured with ultrasound software and recorded as fuel percentiles. Additional measures obtained included subjective fatigue, strength, ROM, velocity, and accuracy. Results: There were no differences in medial elbow joint-line gapping between the throwing and nonthrowing arms or between timepoints. The throwing arm demonstrated a significant decline in fuel percentile of the FCR from baseline to after 75 pitches ( P = .05). There were no differences across timepoints for FDS/FCU fuel percentile values. Fatigue measurements for both arms were significantly higher at all timepoints compared with baseline ( P≤ .03). Grip strength of the dominant arm after 75 pitches was decreased significantly compared with after 25 pitches ( P = .02). Conclusion: Although an increase in medial elbow joint gapping was not demonstrated within the recommended 75 pitch count limit in 10-year-olds, a relative decrease in glycogen stores of the flexor-pronator mass did occur, as well as a decrease in grip strength, with increasing subjective fatigue. Clinical Relevance: This study provides a foundation for further objective testing of physiologic changes that occur with pitching to better guide pitch count limits and improve the safety of young athletes.
Stage I Revision ACL Reconstruction With Allograft Bone Dowels
Authors: Marcaccio Stephen , Dunn Robin , Arner Justin , Bradley James 
Published: June 2024

Background: When evaluating a patient with a failed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction, a detailed history and physical examination is paramount. The position and size of original femoral and tibial tunnels are critical in the surgical decision-making in the setting of revision ACL reconstruction. This video presents a case of stage I revision ACL reconstruction with the use of allograft bone dowels due to increased size and poor position of original fixation tunnels. Indications: Indications for staging revision ACL reconstruction include significant tunnel osteolysis or dilation (>14 mm), or any situation in which the previous bone tunnels will interfere with anatomic graft placement and fixation. Technique Description: The patient is placed in the supine position with a standard setup for knee arthroscopy, including lateral thigh post and foot stop for maintained knee flexion at 90°. After diagnostic arthroscopy, the ACL graft remnant is debrided. The femoral tunnel is then debrided and re-cannulated, followed by reaming with cannulated reamers until adequate cortical chatter is achieved, ensuring the presence of a bleeding rim of bone throughout the tunnel to confirm that the correct diameter reamer has been reached. The appropriately sized bone dowel is inserted along the guide pin until fully seated and flush with lateral wall of the notch. This process is then repeated for the tibial tunnel, accessing the tunnel from the previous incision along the medial tibia. Results: This video presents a technique to achieve adequate bone grafting of previously used tunnels that are not suitable for single-stage revision ACL reconstruction. Patients undergo second-stage revision ACL reconstruction at roughly 4 to 6 months following stage I, when bone graft has fully incorporated on radiographs. Discussion/Conclusion: Stage I revision ACL reconstruction with tunnel grafting using allograft bone dowels is a minimally invasive method of grafting previously used fixation tunnels to allow for anatomic second-stage graft placement and fixation. Patient Consent Disclosure Statement: The author(s) attests that consent has been obtained from any patient(s) appearing in this publication. If the individual may be identifiable, the author(s) has included a statement of release or other written form of approval from the patient(s) with this submission for publication.
Artificial-weathering test requirements for fire-retardant-treated wood to reproduce optimal chemical retention and moisture conditions
Authors: Takase Ryo , Ishikawa Atsuko , Kamikawa Daisuke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite the increasing outdoor use of fire-retardant-treated wood, methods for predicting its service life remain poorly established. With the aim of establishing a method to predict chemical losses from fire-retardant-treated (FRT) wood caused by humid atmospheres and rain outdoors, this study examined the preferable conditions for artificial-weathering tests and demonstrated the acceleration coefficients in these tests (i.e., the ratio of equivalent time to reach the same retention of chemicals in artificial weathering and outdoors) based on the EN927-6 standard. To determine the moisture absorption and desorption levels of FRT exposed to outdoor conditions, an outdoor exposure experiment was conducted. The moisture content was higher in the FRT wood than in untreated wood, regardless of the type of coating, and ranged between 11% (in March) and 50% (in September) of the untreated wood’s weight. EN927-6 artificial weathering tests were performed on two groups of specimens with initial moisture contents of 0% and 25%. Retention rates of fire-retardant chemicals after a 2520-h test were compared with those retrieved from 4-year outdoor exposure reported elsewhere. Comparison of these two experiments demonstrated that the acceleration coefficients were 4.1–11.3 in the case of specimens with 0% initial moisture content and 5.1–11.4 in the case of specimens with 25% initial moisture content. The higher initial moisture content produced a more uniform acceleration coefficient. Nevertheless, larger acceleration coefficients were derived from specimens with penetrating or semi-film-forming coatings in both cases. The relationships between the uniformity of this acceleration coefficient and the initial moisture content are discussed from the moisture absorption experiment under constant temperature and humidity and under condensation conditions.
EPI-Trans: an effective transformer-based deep learning model for enhancer promoter interaction prediction
Authors: Ahmed Fatma S. , Aly Saleh , Liu Xiangrong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecognition of enhancer–promoter Interactions (EPIs) is crucial for human development. EPIs in the genome play a key role in regulating transcription. However, experimental approaches for classifying EPIs are too expensive in terms of effort, time, and resources. Therefore, more and more studies are being done on developing computational techniques, particularly using deep learning and other machine learning techniques, to address such problems. Unfortunately, the majority of current computational methods are based on convolutional neural networks, recurrent neural networks, or a combination of them, which don’t take into consideration contextual details and the long-range interactions between the enhancer and promoter sequences. A new transformer-based model called EPI-Trans is presented in this study to overcome the aforementioned limitations. The multi-head attention mechanism in the transformer model automatically learns features that represent the long interrelationships between enhancer and promoter sequences. Furthermore, a generic model is created with transferability that can be utilized as a pre-trained model for various cell lines. Moreover, the parameters of the generic model are fine-tuned using a particular cell line dataset to improve performance.ResultsBased on the results obtained from six benchmark cell lines, the average AUROC for the specific, generic, and best models is 94.2%, 95%, and 95.7%, while the average AUPR is 80.5%, 66.1%, and 79.6% respectively.ConclusionsThis study proposed a transformer-based deep learning model for EPI prediction. The comparative results on certain cell lines show that EPI-Trans outperforms other cutting-edge techniques and can provide superior performance on the challenge of recognizing EPI.
Complete genome of a novel mycobacteriophage WXIN isolated in Wuhan, China
Authors: Wu Haoming , Li Wenxin , Zeng Chi , Li Jiaxin , Wu Huan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The rising of antibiotic resistance has sparked a renewed interest in mycobacteriophage as alternative therapeutic strategies against mycobacterial infections. So far, the vast majority of mycobacteriophages have been isolated using the model species Mycobacterium smegmatis, implying an overwhelming majority of mycobacteriophages in the environment remain uncultured, unclassified, and their specific hosts and infection strategies are still unknown. This study was undertaken to isolate and characterize novel mycobacteriophages targeting Mycobacterium septicum.

Data description
Here a novel mycobacteriophage WXIN against M. septicum was isolated from soil samples in Wuhan, China. Whole genome analysis indicates that the phage genome consists of 115,158 bp with a GC content of 61.9%. Of the 260 putative open reading frames, 46 may be associated with phage packaging, structure, lysis, lysogeny, genome modification/replication, and other functional roles. The limited genome-wide similarity, along with phylogenetic trees constructed based on viral proteome and orthologous genes show that phage WXIN represents a novel cluster distantly related to cluster J mycobacteriophages (genus Omegavirus). Overall, these results provide novel insights into the genomic properties of mycobacteriophages, highlighting the great genetic diversity of mycobacteriophages in relation to their hosts.