bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hosting and the normative presence of Christmas in older people’s lives
Authors: Mansvelt Juliana 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the economic and cultural significance of Christmas in many nations, there has been relatively little geographical research on how it shapes people’s socialities, spatialities, and subjectivities. In this paper, practice theory was used to reflect on the materials, meanings, and competencies associated with older people who host the celebration at home, and thematic analysis of qualitative interviews with 20 individuals aged 65+ explored participants’ experiences of doing so. Findings reveal that homes’ material forms affect older people’s ability to host, while the ‘stuff’ of Christmas such as decorations, special foods, or gifts shape those homes as festive and welcoming places. Food sourcing and preparation were critical competencies for female participants, and shifting capacities to be a host influenced participants’ sense of autonomy and identity. Regardless of the extent to which participants celebrated Christmas, the meanings of hosting centred on social connection, contribution, and shoring up family. Choosing not to host or being unable to contribute in expected ways at Christmas could signify failure, exclusion, or incapability as an older person, parent, or citizen. Examining these issues in the case study, based in Aotearoa/New Zealand, reveals the existence and effects of the social expectations, norms, and obligations that typify Christmas. More broadly, the study highlights the need for geographers to attend to the ways in which celebrations shape and are shaped by diverse practices, places, and peoples and are assembled, reproduced, and resisted.
Peri‐operative outcomes following radical prostatectomy in the setting of advanced prostate cancer
Authors: Simhal Rishabh K. , Wang Kerith R. , Shah Yash B. , Lallas Costas D. , Shah Mihir S. , Chandrasekar Thenappan 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo compare the peri‐operative outcomes of radical prostatectomy (RP) for locally advanced, node‐positive, and metastatic prostate cancer (PCa), as determined through pathological staging, using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project.MethodsWe identified RP procedures performed between 2019 and 2021. Patients were stratified by pathological staging to compare the effect of locally advanced disease (T3‐4), node positivity (N+) and metastasis (M+) vs localised PCa (T1‐2 N0 M0). Baseline demographics and 30‐day outcomes, including operating time, length of hospital stay (LOS), 30‐day mortality, readmissions, reoperations, major complications, minor complications and surgery‐specific complications, were compared between groups.ResultsPathological staging data were available for 9276 RPs. Baseline demographics were comparable. There was a slightly higher rate of minor complications in the locally advanced cohort, but no significant difference in major complications, 30‐day mortality, readmissions, or rectal injuries. Node positivity was associated with longer operating time, LOS, and some slightly increased rates of 30‐day complications. RP in patients with metastatic disease appeared to be similarly safe to RP in patients with M0 disease, although it was associated with a longer LOS and slightly increased rates of certain complications.ConclusionsFor patients with pathologically determined locally advanced, node‐positive, and metastatic PCa, RP appears to be safe, and is not associated with significantly higher rates of 30‐day mortality or major complications compared to RP for localised PCa. This study adds to the growing body of literature investigating the role of RP for advanced PCa; further studies are needed to better characterise the risks and benefits of surgery in such patients.
Factors Associated With Stability for Children in Family Foster Care: A Study of Case Files in Six Municipalities in Sweden
Authors: Bergman Ann‐Sofie , Bask Miia , Engwall Kristina , Järkestig Berggren Ulrika 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTStability is vital for the development, health and relationships of children in family foster care. Instability can lead to social and school issues, low self‐esteem and diminished trust in caregivers. This article examines the risk and protective factors for stability for these children. Data, drawn from case files in six municipalities (n = 116), combine qualitative and quantitative analyses for a comprehensive understanding. Twenty children from each municipality were selected, with 10 in stable placements (lived in one family foster home for over a year) and 10 in unstable placements (lived in at least two different family foster homes). Quantitative results highlight the importance of factors like familiar placements, a child's age at the time of placement, behavioural challenges and the number of children in the foster home. Stable placements were more common in homes with fewer children (including foster and biological children). Qualitative findings show that in some instances, breakdowns in foster care placements could not be foreseen, often arising from stressful events within the foster family's life after the child's placement. Additionally, we observed that breakdowns sometimes resulted from foster parents lacking the necessary resources to address the child's requirements, particularly in cases involving children with behavioural challenges or extensive needs.
3D Reconstruction and Semantic Modeling of Eyelashes
Authors: Kerbiriou G. , Avril Q. , Marchal M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHigh‐fidelity digital human modeling has become crucial in various applications, including gaming, visual effects and virtual reality. Despite the significant impact of eyelashes on facial aesthetics, their reconstruction and modeling have been largely unexplored. In this paper, we introduce the first data‐driven generative model of eyelashes based on semantic features. This model is derived from real data by introducing a new 3D eyelash reconstruction method based on multi‐view images. The reconstructed data is made available which constitutes the first dataset of 3D eyelashes ever published. Through an innovative extraction process, we determine the features of any set of eyelashes, and present detailed descriptive statistics of human eyelashes shapes. The proposed eyelashes model, which exclusively relies on semantic parameters, effectively captures the appearance of a set of eyelashes. Results show that the proposed model enables interactive, intuitive and realistic eyelashes modeling for non‐experts, enriching avatar creation and synthetic data generation pipelines.
Which factors influence the participation in statutory skin cancer screenings in Germany?
Authors: Andrees Valerie , Wolf Sandra , Liebers Jan , Augustin Matthias , Girbig Gefion 
Published: April 2024

SummaryBackground and objectivesDue to increasing skin cancer incidence, Germany implemented a statutory nationwide routine skin cancer screening (rSCS) in 2008. The present study aims (1) to analyze which patient factors are associated with the participation in rSCS in Germany and (2) to investigate reasons for nonparticipation.Patients and methodsParticipants and nonparticipants of rSCS (≥ 35 years) were recruited in routine care in nine dermatological outpatient clinics. Reasons for (non‐)participation, knowledge about skin cancer as well as clinical and socioeconomic data were obtained. Stratified by groups, descriptive analyses and binary logistic regression analyses for associations with participation were performed.ResultsOf the 294 rSCS participants and 162 non‐participants, 46.5% were male with a mean age of 54.5 ± 12.7 years. In total, 87.1% had sunburns in childhood and 47.1% used sunbeds before. Higher age, female gender, previous sunbed use, and concern for and knowledge of skin cancer were significantly associated with previous rSCS participation. Of the non‐participants, 46% were unaware of the option for free rSCS and 40% justified their nonparticipation on the basis of feeling healthy.ConclusionsThe reasons for nonparticipation in rSCS, such as sociodemographic characteristics and risk behavior, should be known in order to optimize rSCS programs.
Impact of prior lenalidomide or proteasome inhibitor exposure on the effectiveness of ixazomib–lenalidomide–dexamethasone for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A pooled analysis from the INSURE study
Authors: Lee Hans C. , Ramasamy Karthik , Macro Margaret , Davies Faith E. , Abonour Rafat , van Rhee Frits , Hungria Vania T. M. , Puig Noemi , Ren Kaili , Silar Jiri , Enwemadu Victoria , Cherepanov Dasha , Leleu Xavier 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo characterize the impact of prior exposure and refractoriness to lenalidomide or proteasome inhibitors (PIs) on the effectiveness and safety of ixazomib–lenalidomide–dexamethasone (IRd) in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).MethodsINSURE is a pooled analysis of adult RRMM patients who had received IRd in ≥2 line of therapy from three studies: INSIGHT MM, UVEA‐IXA, and REMIX.ResultsOverall, 391/100/68 were lenalidomide‐naïve/−exposed/−refractory and 37/411/110 were PI‐naïve/−exposed/−refractory. Median duration of therapy (DOT) was 15.3/15.6/4.7 months and median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 21.6/25.8/5.6 months in lenalidomide‐naïve/exposed/refractory patients. Median DOT and PFS in PI‐naïve/exposed/refractory patients were 20.4/15.2/6.9 months and not reached/19.8/11.4 months, respectively. The proportion of lenalidomide‐naïve/exposed/refractory patients in INSIGHT and UVEA‐IXA who discontinued a study drug due to adverse events (AEs) was ixazomib, 31.6/28.2/28.0% and 18.6/6.7/10.5%; lenalidomide, 21.9/28.2/16.0% and 16.1/6.7/10.5%; dexamethasone, 18.4/20.5/16.0% and 10.6/0/10.5%, respectively. The proportion of PI‐naïve/exposed/refractory patients in INSIGHT and UVEA‐IXA who discontinued a study drug due to AEs was: ixazomib, 44.4/28.8/27.8% and 22.2/16.7/15.7%; lenalidomide, 33.3/22.0/19.4% and 16.7/15.9/11.8%; dexamethasone, 33.3/17.4/16.7% and 16.7/9.5/7.8%, respectively. REMIX AE discontinuation rates were unavailable.ConclusionIRd appeared to be effective in RRMM patients in routine clinical practice regardless of prior lenalidomide or PI exposure, with better outcomes seen in lenalidomide‐ and/or PI‐nonrefractory versus refractory patients.
Differential atrophy along the longitudinal hippocampal axis in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Morais‐Ribeiro Rafaela , Almeida Francisco C. , Coelho Ana , Oliveira Tiago Gil ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the hippocampus. Since hippocampal studies have highlighted a differential subregional regulation along its longitudinal axis, a more detailed analysis addressing subregional changes along the longitudinal hippocampal axis has the potential to provide new relevant biomarkers. This study included structural brain MRI data of 583 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Cognitively normal (CN) subjects, mild cognitively impaired (MCI) subjects and AD patients were conveniently selected considering the age and sex match between clinical groups. Structural MRI acquisitions were pre‐processed and analysed with a new longitudinal axis segmentation method, dividing the hippocampus in three subdivisions (anterior, intermediate, and posterior). When normalizing the volume of hippocampal sub‐divisions to total hippocampus, the posterior hippocampus negatively correlates with age only in CN subjects (r = −.31). The longitudinal ratio of hippocampal atrophy (anterior sub‐division divided by the posterior one) shows a significant increase with age only in CN (r = .25). Overall, in AD, the posterior hippocampus is predominantly atrophied early on. Consequently, the anterior/posterior hippocampal ratio is an AD differentiating metric at early disease stages with potential for diagnostic and prognostic applications.
Determining minimal clinically important differences in the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded for untreated spinal muscular atrophy patients: An international study
Authors: Coratti Giorgia , Bovis Francesca , Pera Maria Carmela , Scoto Mariacristina , Montes Jacqueline , Pasternak Amy , Mayhew Anna , Muni‐Lofra Robert , Duong Tina , Rohwer Annemarie , Dunaway Young Sally , Civitello Matthew , Salmin Francesca , Mizzoni Irene , Morando Simone , Pane Marika , Albamonte Emilio , D'Amico Adele , Brolatti Noemi , Sframeli Maria , Marini‐Bettolo Chiara , Sansone Valeria Ada , Bruno Claudio , Messina Sonia , Bertini Enrico , Baranello Giovanni , Day John , Darras Basil T. , De Vivo Darryl C. , Hirano Michio , Muntoni Francesco , Finkel Richard , Mercuri Eugenio ,   the ISMAC group
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare and progressive neuromuscular disorder with varying severity levels. The aim of the study was to calculate minimal clinically important difference (MCID), minimal detectable change (MDC), and values for the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE) in an untreated international SMA cohort.MethodsThe study employed two distinct methods. MDC was calculated using distribution‐based approaches to consider standard error of measurement and effect size change in a population of 321 patients (176 SMA II and 145 SMA III), allowing for stratification based on age and function. MCID was assessed using anchor‐based methods (receiver operating characteristic [ROC] curve analysis and standard error) on 76 patients (52 SMA II and 24 SMA III) for whom the 12‐month HFMSE could be anchored to a caregiver‐reported clinical perception questionnaire.ResultsWith both approaches, SMA type II and type III patients had different profiles. The MCID, using ROC analysis, identified optimal cutoff points of −2 for type II and −4 for type III patients, whereas using the standard error we found the optimal cutoff points to be 1.5 for improvement and −3.2 for deterioration. Furthermore, distribution‐based methods uncovered varying values across age and functional status subgroups within each SMA type.ConclusionsThese results emphasize that the interpretation of a single MCID or MDC value obtained in large cohorts with different functional status needs to be made with caution, especially when these may be used to assess possible responses to new therapies.
Nitrogen doped sulfide solid electrolytes with enhanced air stability and lithium metal compatibility
Authors: Luan Zhengying , Ren Pengfei , Wang Xiaofen , Chen Hong , Zhou Qiongyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCompared with oxide, halide, and polymer‐based solid electrolytes, Li‐ion conducting sulfide solid electrolytes exhibit remarkable ionic conductivity, electronic conductivity, and exceptional thermal and mechanical properties. Despite these advantages, the susceptibility of sulfide electrolytes to air and the formation of lithium dendrites on the anode hinder their large‐scale commercial application. In this study, we propose a doping strategy involving the nitrogen (N) element in sulfide electrolyte Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5 (LPSCl) with inherently high ionic conductivity. We have successfully synthesized Li5.5+xPS4.5−xNxCl1.5(x = .025, .05, .07, .10) solid electrolytes by enhancing their air stability through doping. The modified electrolyte material demonstrates stable cycling performance exhibiting superior air stability compared to Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5. The results indicate that the doped sulfide solid electrolyte effectively suppresses the growth of lithium dendrites, thereby enhancing the compatibility between the lithium metal anode and sulfide solid electrolyte.
Association between variation in hemoglobin A1c levels and diabetes therapy‐related quality of life in patients with diabetes
Authors: Imai Dan , Ushigome Emi , Sakai Ryosuke , Kitagawa Noriyuki , Hamaguchi Masahide , Yamazaki Masahiro , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAims/IntroductionWe aimed to investigate the association between glycemic variability and quality of life (QOL) in patients with diabetes, which has not been studied previously.Materials and MethodsPatients who were undergoing treatment at the Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Hospital and Kameoka City Hospital participated in the KAMOGAWA‐DM study, and completed the diabetes therapy‐related (DTR)‐QOL questionnaire from January 2016 to July 2020 were included in this study. We used linear regression analyses to compare the association between DTR‐QOL scores and glycemic variability.ResultsWe included a total of 635 patients in this analysis. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels of these patients were measured at least four times during the 9‐month period, before and after answering the questionnaire. Results showed that HbA1c variability, HbA1c mean and duration of diabetes were negatively associated with the total DTR‐QOL score. Conversely, the body mass index and total DTR‐QOL score were positively associated with HbA1c variability.ConclusionsA small variation in HbA1c level was associated with higher total DTR‐QOL scores and the scores for each factor. Reducing blood glucose variability is significant when we treat diabetes.
Ecological distribution of Staphylococcus in integrated farms within Washington DC–Maryland
Authors: Phan Anna , Tabashsum Zajeba , Alvarado‐Martinez Zabdiel , Scriba Aaron , Sellers George , Kapadia Sarika , Canagarajah Christa , Biswas Debabrata 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMixed crop livestock farming (MCLF) is a growing practice in organic farming where livestock and crops are grown near each other to promote environmental sustainability through recycling. However, MCLF livestock are reservoirs of many zoonotic pathogens, such as Staphylococcus spp., and can serve as sources of cross‐contamination for plant food products. A surveillance study was conducted to determine the prevalence and antibiotic‐resistance patterns of various Staphylococcus spp. species isolated from the environment of multiple MCLFs and produced from pre‐harvest and post‐harvest levels within the DC–Maryland metropolitan area. A total of 3038 environmental and pre‐harvest produce and 836 post‐harvest produce samples were collected from eight farms and two retail supermarkets. In addition, 36 skin swabs from farmworkers and university students were also collected. PCR was used to confirm the presence of Staphylococcus spp. in all samples. Major species were identified using a species‐specific multiplex PCR. An antibiogram assay was performed to determine antibiotic resistance profiles. The overall prevalence of Staphylococcus spp. was 12.18% pre‐harvest and 7.54% post‐harvest. The most identified species was Staphylococcus epidermidis (19.86%), while most isolates remained unknown (73.90%). Approximately 83.33% of skin swabs were positive for Staphylococcus spp., with Staphylococcus xylosus being the predominant species (16.7%). The highest percentage of isolates were resistant to aminoglycosides and macrolides, with 24.11% of tested samples being multidrug‐resistant. S. epidermidis had the most resistance compared to the other species. This study suggests that antibiotic‐resistant Staphylococcus spp. is present in mixed farm environments, and proper steps need to be taken to control the transmission between livestock, crops, and humans.
Patient characteristics, predictors and outcome of pacemaker patients upgraded to an implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Baldinger Samuel H. , Burren Désirée , Noti Fabian , Servatius Helge , Seiler Jens , Madaffari Antonio , Asatryan Babken , Tanner Hildegard , Reichlin Tobias , Haeberlin Andreas , Roten Laurent 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsPacemaker (PM) patients may require a subsequent upgrade to an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Limited data exists on this patient population. We sought to characterize this population, to assess predictors for ICD upgrade, and to report the outcome.MethodsFrom our prospective PM and ICD implantation registry, all patients who underwent PM and/or ICD implantations at our center were analyzed. Patient characteristics and outcomes of PM patients with subsequent ICD upgrade were compared to age‐ and sex‐matched patients with de novo ICD implantation, and to PM patients without subsequent upgrade.ResultsOf 1′301 ICD implantations, 60 (5%) were upgraded from PMs. Median time from PM implantation to ICD upgrade was 2.6 years (IQR 1.3‐5.4). Of 2′195 PM patients, 28 patients underwent subsequent ICD upgrades, corresponding to an estimated annual incidence of an ICD upgrade of at least 0.33%. Lower LVEF (p = .05) and male sex (p = .038) were independent predictors for ICD upgrade. Survival without death, transplant and LVAD implantation were worse both for upgraded ICD patients compared to matched patients with de novo ICD implantation (p = .05), as well as for PM patients with subsequent upgrade compared to matched PM patients not requiring an upgrade (p = .036).ConclusionsOne of 20 ICD implantations are upgrade of patients with a PM. At least one of 30 PM patients will require an ICD upgrade in the following 10 years. Predictors for ICD upgrade are male sex and lower LVEF at PM implantation. Upgraded patients have worse outcomes.
Sociodemographic inequities in food allergy: Insights on food allergy from birth cohorts
Authors: Warren Christopher M. , Bartell Tami R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA large and growing corpus of epidemiologic studies suggests that the population‐level burden of pediatric FA is not equitably distributed across major sociodemographic groups, including race, ethnicity, household income, parental educational attainment, and sex. As is the case for more extensively studied allergic disease states such as asthma and atopic dermatitis epidemiologic data suggest that FA may be more prevalent among certain populations experiencing lower socioeconomic status (SES), particularly those with specific racial and ethnic minority backgrounds living in highly urbanized regions. Emerging data also indicate that these patients may also experience more severe FA‐related physical health, psychosocial, and economic outcomes relating to chronic disease management. However, many studies that have identified sociodemographic inequities in FA burden are limited by cross‐sectional designs that are subject to numerous biases. Compared with cross‐sectional study designs or cohorts established later in life, birth cohorts offer advantages relative to other study designs when investigators seek to understand causal relationships between exposures occurring during the prenatal or postnatal period and the atopic disease status of individuals later in life. Numerous birth cohorts have been established across recent decades, which include evaluation of food allergy‐related outcomes, and a subset of these also have measured sociodemographic variables that, together, have the potential to shed light on the existence and possible etiology of sociodemographic inequities in food allergy. This manuscript reports the findings of a comprehensive survey of the current state of this birth cohort literature and draws insights into what is currently known, and what further information can potentially be gleaned from thoughtful examination and further follow‐up of ongoing birth cohorts across the globe.
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