bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized health care: From theory to practice
Authors: Snyderman Ralph 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe practice of medicine stands at the threshold of a transformation from its current focus on the treatment of disease events to an emphasis on enhancing health, preventing disease and personalizing care to meet each individual's specific health needs. Personalized health care is a new and strategic approach that is driven by personalized health planning empowered by personalized medicine tools, which are facilitated by advances in science and technology. These tools improve the capability to predict health risks, to determine and quantify the dynamics of disease development, and to target therapeutic approaches to the needs of the individual. Personalized health care can be implemented today using currently available technologies and know‐how and thereby provide a market for the rational introduction of new personalized medicine tools. The need for early adoption of personalized health care stems from the necessity to reduce the egregious and wasteful burden of preventable chronic diseases, which is not effectively addressed by our current approach to care.
Different expression systems for production of recombinant proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Liu Zihe , Tyo Keith E.J. , Martínez José L. , Petranovic Dina , Nielsen Jens 
Published: December 2011

AbstractYeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has become an attractive cell factory for production of commodity and speciality chemicals and proteins, such as industrial enzymes and pharmaceutical proteins. Here we evaluate most important expression factors for recombinant protein secretion: we chose two different proteins (insulin precursor (IP) and α‐amylase), two different expression vectors (POTud plasmid and CPOTud plasmid) and two kinds of leader sequences (the glycosylated alpha factor leader and a synthetic leader with no glycosylation sites). We used IP and α‐amylase as representatives of a simple protein and a multi‐domain protein, as well as a non‐glycosylated protein and a glycosylated protein, respectively. The genes coding for the two recombinant proteins were fused independently with two different leader sequences and were expressed using two different plasmid systems, resulting in eight different strains that were evaluated by batch fermentations. The secretion level (µmol/L) of IP was found to be higher than that of α‐amylase for all expression systems and we also found larger variation in IP production for the different vectors. We also found that there is a change in protein production kinetics during the diauxic shift, that is, the IP was produced at higher rate during the glucose uptake phase, whereas amylase was produced at a higher rate in the ethanol uptake phase. For comparison, we also refer to data from another study, (Tyo et al. submitted) in which we used the p426GPD plasmid (standard vector using URA3 as marker gene and pGPD1 as expression promoter). For the IP there is more than 10‐fold higher protein production with the CPOTud vector compared with the standard URA3‐based vector, and this vector system therefore represent a valuable resource for future studies and optimization of recombinant protein production in yeast. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109:1259–1268. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Monitoring On‐Chip Pictet–Spengler Reactions by Integrated Analytical Separation and Label‐Free Time‐Resolved Fluorescence
Authors: Ohla Stefan , Beyreiss Reinhild , Fritzsche Stefanie , Glaser Petra , Nagl Stefan , Stockhausen Kai , Schneider Christoph , Belder Detlev 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHigh‐throughput screening for optimal reaction conditions and the search for efficient catalysts is of eminent importance in the development of chemical processes and for expanding the spectrum of synthetic methodologies in chemistry. In this context we report a novel approach for a microfluidic chemical laboratory integrating organic synthesis, separation and time‐resolved fluorescence detection on a single microchip. The feasibility of our integrated laboratory is demonstrated by monitoring the formation of tetrahydroisoquinoline derivatives by Pictet–Spengler condensation. After on‐chip reaction the products and residual starting material were separated enantioselectively on the same chip. On‐chip deep UV laser‐induced fluorescence detection with time‐correlated single photon counting was applied for compound assignment. The system was utilized to screen reaction conditions and various substrates for Pictet–Spengler reactions on‐chip. Finally, the microlab was successfully applied to investigate enantioselective reactions using BINOL‐based phosphoric acids as organocatalysts.
Metal‐Induced Specific and Nonspecific Oligonucleotide Folding Studied by FRET and Related Biophysical and Bioanalytical Implications
Authors: Kiy Mehmet Murat , Jacobi Zachary E. , Liu Juewen 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMetal induced nucleic acid folding has been extensively studied with ribozymes, DNAzymes, tRNA and riboswitches. These RNA/DNA molecules usually have a high content of double‐stranded regions to support a rigid scaffold. On the other hand, such rigid structural features are not available for many in vitro selected or rationally designed DNA aptamers; they adopt flexible random coil structures in the absence of target molecules. Upon target binding, these aptamers adaptively fold into a compact structure with a reduced end‐to‐end distance, making fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) a popular signaling mechanism. However, nonspecific folding induced by mono‐ or divalent metal ions can also reduce the end‐to‐end distance and thus lead to false positive results. In this study we used a FRET pair labeled HgII binding DNA and monitored metal‐induced folding in the presence of various cations. While nonspecific electrostatically mediated folding can be very significant, at each tested salt condition, HgII induced folding was still observed with a similar sensitivity. We also studied the biophysical meaning of the acceptor/donor fluorescence ratio that allowed us to explain the experimental observations. Potential solutions for this ionic strength problem have been discussed. For example, probes designed to signal the formation of double‐stranded DNA showed a lower dependency on ionic strength.
Effects of a Hydroxyl Substituent on the Reactivity of the 2,4,6‐Tridehydropyridinium Cation, an Aromatic σ,σ,σ‐Triradical
Authors: Jankiewicz Bartłomiej J. , Vinueza Nelson R. , Reece Jennifer N. , Lee Young C. , Williams Peggy , Nash John J. , Kenttämaa Hilkka I. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe reactivity of 3‐hydroxy‐2,4,6‐tridehydropyridinium cation was found to be drastically different from the reactivity of 2,4,6‐tridehydropyridinium cation. While the latter triradical reacts with tetrahydrofuran, dimethyl disulfide and ally iodide via three consecutive atom or group abstractions, the former triradical exhibits this behavior only with tetrahydrofuran. Only a single atom or group abstraction was observed for the 3‐hydroxy‐2,4,6‐tridehydropyridinium cation upon interaction with dimethyl disulfide and allyl iodide. This change in reactivity is caused by the hydroxyl group that strengthens the interactions between the two radical sites adjacent to it, thus reducing their reactivity. This explanation is supported by the observation of similar behavior for related biradicals.
Enantiomeric resolution of p‐toluenesulfonate of valine benzyl ester by preferential crystallizaion
Authors: Munegumi Toratane , Wakatsuki Aiko , Takahashi Yutaro 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPreferential crystallization of amino acid derivatives by seeding a pure enantiomer into racemic amino acid solutions has been studied for many years. However, few examples of valine derivatives have been reported so far. Although there have been some reports using valine hydrogen chloride with preferential crystallization, it is difficult to obtain optical isomers for valine derivatives using preferential crystallization. In this study, repeated preferential crystallization of p‐toluenesulfonate valine benzyl ester with a 20% e.e. in 2‐propanol gave a 94% e.e. on sonication. Sonication accelerated crystallization rate, but there was not a big difference in e.e. between with and without sonication. However, this research demonstrates the first preferential crystallization of p‐toluenesulfonate of valine benzyl esters with an acceleration of crystallization using sonication. Chirality, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Quality of life of patients after salvage nasopharyngectomy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Chan Yu Wai , Chow Velda Ling Yu , Wei William Ignace 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to examine the quality of life (QOL) of patients who underwent salvage nasopharyngectomy for residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to justify the value of the procedure.METHODS:A self‐reported, health‐related QOL questionnaire was used to assess the QOL of patients after salvage nasopharyngectomy. The effects of potential complications after surgery also were evaluated.RESULTS:Between 2003 and 2011, 185 patients underwent salvage nasopharyngectomy using the maxillary swing approach. Curative resection was achieved in 80% of patients. There were no significant changes in mean global health system scores after surgery, except after palliative resection requiring postoperative adjuvant chemoradiation. Social functioning scores were the lowest of the 5 functioning scales in all patient groups. Palatal fistula significantly affected social eating and weight loss, and osteoradionecrosis caused more pain and nasal discharge, severely affecting the social life of patients.CONCLUSIONS:The QOL of patients after maxillary swing salvage nasopharyngectomy was good. The current results indicated that attention must be paid to the factors that adversely affect QOL after surgery, such as palliative resection, and complications like trismus, palatal fistula and osteoradionecrosis. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Statin use and fatal prostate cancer
Authors: Marcella Stephen W. , David Alice , Ohman‐Strickland Pamela A. , Carson Jeffery , Rhoads George G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Statins are some of the most commonly prescribed medications in medical practice, and prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men. Although there has been no consistent evidence that statins affect cancer incidence, including prostate cancer, several reports suggest they may decrease the rate of advanced prostate cancer. However, no study to date has specifically examined statin use and prostate cancer mortality. The authors conducted this population‐based case‐control investigation to examine this association.METHODS:This was a matched case‐control study. Cases were residents of New Jersey ages 55 to 79 years who died from prostate cancer between 1997 and 2000. The cases were matched individually to population‐based controls by 5‐year age group and race. Medication data were obtained identically for cases and controls from blinded medical chart review. Conditional logistic regression was used to adjust for confounders.RESULTS:In total, 718 cases were identified, and cooperation was obtained from 77% of their spouses (N = 553). After a review of medical records, 387 men were eligible, and 380 were matched to a control. The unadjusted odds ratio was 0.49 (95% confidence interval, 0.34‐0.70) and decreased to 0.37 (P < .0001) after adjusting for education, waist size, body mass index, comorbidities, and antihypertensive medication. There was little difference between lipophilic and hydrophilic statins, but more risk reduction was noted for high‐potency statins (73%; P < .0001) compared with low‐potency statins (31%; P = .32).CONCLUSIONS:Statin use was associated with substantial protection against prostate cancer death, adding to the epidemiologic evidence for an inhibitory effect on prostate cancer. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Efficacy of peripheral androgen blockade in prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure after definitive local therapy
Authors: Monk J. Paul , Halabi Susan , Picus Joel , Hussain Arif , Philips George , Kaplan Ellen , Ahles Tim , Gu Lin , Vogelzang Nicholas , Kelly William K. , Small Eric J. ,   for the Cancer and Leukemia Group B
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:The treatment for prostate cancer patients with biochemical failure after local therapy remains controversial. Peripheral androgen blockade using a combination of a 5‐alpha reductase inhibitor and an antiandrogen may allow control of the prostate‐specific antigen (PSA). Because testosterone levels are not suppressed, this approach may be associated with less morbidity than conventional gonadal androgen suppression.METHODS:All patients had undergone previous definitive local therapy and had evidence of a rising PSA >1ng/mL, with no evidence of recurrent disease. Patients received both finasteride, 5 mg orally per day, and flutamide, 250 mg orally 3× a day. Patients were followed for a PSA response and quality of life assessment.RESULTS:Ninety‐nine of 101 accrued patients were eligible. A ≥80% PSA decline was seen in 96 (96%) patients. The median time to PSA progression was 85 months. With a median follow‐up of 10 years, the median survival time had not been reached, and the 5‐year overall survival rate was 87%. Toxicity was mild, with 18 patients stopping for toxicity; 15 had diarrhea, 4 had gynecomastia, and 3 had transaminase elevation. Baseline Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Prostate Module and Treatment Outcome Index scores decreased by 5 points each at 6 months after enrollment.CONCLUSIONS:The use of the finasteride/flutamide combination is feasible, and results in PSA declines of ≥80% in 96% of patients with serologic progression after definitive local therapy. There were no unexpected toxicities, and the change in quality of life was mild. Further evaluation of this or a similar regimen in a controlled clinical trial is warranted. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Therapy‐related acute lymphoblastic leukemia is more frequent than previously recognized and has a poor prognosis
Authors: Abdulwahab Amal , Sykes Jenna , Kamel‐Reid Suzanne , Chang Hong , Brandwein Joseph M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) occurring in patients with a history of prior chemotherapy/radiotherapy exposure has been previously reported to be rare, accounting for <2.5% of ALL cases.METHODS:All cases of adult ALL with a history of prior cytotoxic or radiation therapy at a leukemia referral center over a 13‐year period were analyzed.RESULTS:Twenty‐three cases, representing 6.9% of all ALL cases, were identified. Of these, 17 (74%) had at least 1 high‐risk feature; 8 (35%) had MLL rearrangements, and 4 were BCR‐ABL+. MLL rearrangements were correlated with CD15 expression and absence of CD10, and also tended to have a shorter mean latency period and more prior topoisomerase II exposure. Twenty‐one patients received induction therapy, and 18 (86%) achieved a complete response, 17 with 1 induction. Six patients have relapsed and died, and 4 others died of other complications, 2 of these postallogeneic stem cell transplantation. Median disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 27 and 13.6 months, respectively, and 3‐year DFS and OS were 37.1% and 37.6%, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The frequency of therapy‐related ALL is higher than previously reported and has a poor prognosis, probably related to the high frequency of adverse risk features. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Gold Nanospacers Greatly Enhance the Capacitance of Electrochemically Reduced Graphene
Authors: Buglione Lucia , Bonanni Alessandra , Ambrosi Adriano , Pumera Martin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractGraphene has great potential in electrochemical storage applications for supercapacitors owing to its high conductivity, large surface area, and the economical feasibility in producing it. The main issue that faces graphene nanomaterials in this application is that they tend to restack, thus decreasing the accessible surface area and leading to low capacitance. Gold nanoparticles of various sizes (2–150 nm) can be used as efficient spacing material for electrochemically reduced graphene oxide, thereby greatly increasing capacitance from 4.99 F g−1, when no spacers are used, to a capacitance of 174.2 F g−1 (per gram of graphene) when gold nanospacers of 10 nm diameter are introduced.
Versatile Photoactive Materials Based on Zeolite L Doped with Laser Dyes
Authors: Gartzia‐Rivero Leire , Bañuelos‐Prieto Jorge , Martínez‐Martínez Virginia , López Arbeloa Iñigo 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDifferent laser dyes (with special interest in boron dipyrromethene) are incorporated as guests into the channels of zeolite L. The resulting doped material is fully characterized by steady‐state and time‐resolved photophysical techniques. The pores of zeolite L are filled with high amounts of dyes, which are exclusively present in their monomeric form and aligned in a preferential orientation, thus generating an organized photoactive material. The ordered disposition of the dye, mostly along the direction of the zeolite L nanochannels, was confirmed by confocal fluorescence microscopy. A careful selection of fluorophores along with controlled loading allows the harvest of light from the entire ultraviolet/visible region for conversion into white light, or alternatively, tuning of the emission in the blue, green, and red regions, owing to the presence of energy‐transfer processes in the antenna systems built up in this work.
Changes in amniotic fluid and umbilical cord serum proteomic profiles of foetuses with intrauterine growth retardation
Authors: Cecconi Daniela , Lonardoni Francesco , Favretto Donata , Cosmi Erich , Tucci Marianna , Visentin Silvia , Cecchetto Giovanni , Fais Paolo , Viel Guido , Ferrara Santo Davide 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFoetal growth is a result of a complex net of processes, requiring coordination within the maternal, placental, and foetal compartments, the imbalance or lack of which may lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). IUGR is the major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality, and is also related to enhanced morbidity and metabolic abnormalities later in life. In the present study, the protein profiles of umbilical cord serum (UCS) and amniotic fluid (AF) of ten IUGR and ten appropriate for gestational age newborns have been analysed by 2‐DE, and nanoHPLC‐Chip/MS technology. A total of 18 and 13 spots were found to be differentially expressed (p<0.01) in UCS and AF respectively. The unique differentially expressed proteins identified by MS/MS analysis were 14 in UCS, and 11 in AF samples. Protein gene ontology classification indicate that 21% of proteins are involved in inflammatory response, 20% in immune response, while a smaller proportion are related to transport, blood pressure, and coagulation. These results support the conclusion that the IUGR condition alters the expression of proteins involved in the coagulation process, immune mechanisms, blood pressure and iron and copper homeostasis control, offering a new insight into IUGR pathogenesis.
Native Red Electrophoresis – A new method suitable for separation of native proteins
Authors: Dráb Tomáš , Kračmerová Jana , Tichá Ivana , Hanzlíková Eva , Tichá Marie , Ryšlavá Helena , Doubnerová Veronika , Maňásková‐Postlerová Pavla , Liberda Jiří 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA new type of native electrophoresis was developed to separate and characterize proteins. In this modification of the native blue electrophoresis, the dye Ponceau Red S is used instead of Coomassie Brilliant Blue to impose uniform negative charge on proteins to enable their electrophoretic separation according to their relative molecular masses. As Ponceau Red S binds less tightly to proteins, in comparison with Coomassie Blue, it can be easily removed after the electrophoretic separation and a further investigation of protein properties is made possible (e.g. an enzyme detection or electroblotting). The tested proteins also kept their native properties (enzyme activity or aggregation state).
Energy and the environment: Global warming, climate change, er, climate volatility: 2012 and beyond
Authors: Lesser Jonathan A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe italicization above is not the result of the editor's failure to remove “redlined” changes. Rather, it reflects the ongoing metamorphosis of environmental doomsayers to failed predictions about the earth's climate. Perhaps because global warming was not sufficiently scary to the public, or perhaps because every time former Vice President Al Gore would speak on the subject, his speech would be accompanied by heavy snow or record cold temperatures, global warming became “climate change.”
Evaluation of the performance of post‐Hartree‐Fock methods in terms of intermolecular distance in noncovalent complexes
Authors: Řezáč Jan , Riley Kevin E. , Hobza Pavel 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDissociation curves calculated using multiple correlated QM methods for 66 noncovalent complexes (Řezáč et al., J Chem Theory Comput 2011, 7, 2427) have allowed us to interpolate equilibrium intermolecular distances for each studied method. Comparison of these data with CCSD(T)/complete basis set reference geometries provides information on how these methods perform in geometry optimizations. The large set of systems considered here is necessary for reliable statistical evaluation of the results and assessment of the robustness of the studied methods. Our results show that advanced methods such as MP3 and CCSD provide significant improvement over MP2 only when empirical scaling is used. The best results can be achieved with spin component scaled CCSD optimized for noncovalent interactions, with a root mean square error of 0.4% of the equilibrium distance. Scaled MP3, the MP2.5 method, yields comparably good results (error 0.5%) while being substantially cheaper. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2012
Radiology's ethical responsibility for healthcare reform: Tempering the overutilization of medical imaging and trimming down a heavyweight
Authors: Armao Diane , Semelka Richard C. , Elias Jorge 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn this review we describe the problem of overutilization of high‐cost imaging modalities, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). The overuse of CT is numerically more dramatic and also carries with it the not insignificant risk of harm to patients, namely, induction of radiation‐induced malignancies. We report what is known of these risks in various imaging scenarios. The use of Radiology Business Managers is described as a means adopted to control overuse and the limitations of this strategy. The imperative of appropriate utilization is focused on, with emphasis placed on computer‐based medical decision support. Impediments to appropriate use, however, exist, with concerns of medicolegal liability high on the list of these issues. Finally, we recommend that radiologists take the lead in the reform process by implementing strategies such as decision support. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:512‐517. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.