bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and identification of the causative agent of fowl cholera in ‎Iraq and preparation of vaccines against the disease ‎2- Preparation of different vaccines against fowl cholera disease
Authors: M .Mhanam‎ Hatem , K. Kassab‎ Ather , K. Shubber‎ Esmail 
Published: February 2025

Three types of locally isolated Pasteurella multocida antigenes namely the whole sonicated bacteria (WSB) the bacterial cell wall (BCW) and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of bacteria were prepared as a vaccine . Each type of antigenes was used in 3 concentrations that are 107, 109 and 1011 Colony Forming Units / bird for WSB and 250,500 and 750 mg/bird for BCW and LPS. Each of the prepared concentrations was injected subcutaneously into a group of broiler breeder chickens and one group was left as a control . The groups were vaccinated 2 times at 10 and 18 weeks. The progress of immune response was monitered throughout a passive haemagglutination, an agar gel immunodiffusion, delayed type hypersensitivity and challenge tests. The results demonstrated that the WSB antigens provided better protection and the concentration of 109 was the superior of all. The BCW antigen was next and the concentration of 500 mg/bird was the best among these antigenes, followed by LPS antigen and the best concentration among them was the 750 mg/bird.
Sensitivity of the Mediterranean Ecosystem to Nutrient Deposition: An Interdisciplinary Review
Authors: Crispi Guido , Pacciaroni Massimo 
Published: February 2025

Homogeneous methods for ecological applications to the nutrient cycle are analyzed, and the results are presented according to the marine ecology work discussed. To do justice to the explanations, the materials are summarized, and the methods are discussed and improved for both interested readers and experts in the field. Both the materials and the methods serve informative and popularizing as well as applicable and interpretive purposes and, in order to achieve the widest possible dissemination, are shared under the strict supervision of the earlier individual publications discussed here. The aeolian syntheses quantify the impact of atmospheric deposition of nutrients in the Western Mediterranean as one-twentieth of the baseline vertical fluxes of organic matter, while estimates for the Eastern Mediterranean reach one-eighth. Possible changes and additions in the global ocean are discussed as well as ecosystem updates and their relevance to the specific orography, hydrology and geochemistry associated with the lower trophodynamic degrees of freedom. Finally, the dynamics of the basins are analyzed, with increasing nutrient inputs leading to a top-down control of net plankton growth in the western basin and to an extremely nutrient-poor state in the eastern basin.
The Entwined Human and Environmental Costs of the Colonial Project
Authors: Ashby Jack 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although such research has long been mainstream in world cultures collections, natural history museums have only recently begun tracing their colonial histories, seeking to identify individuals obscured by power imbalances, and inviting consideration of specimens as artifacts of invasion, exploitation, and extraction, as well as scientific data. This article summarizes these developments within natural history, providing possible approaches and questions. It illustrates how the costs of the colonial project experienced by people and environments were intertwined and follow similar historical processes. Equally, the vital roles natural history collections are playing in researching global environmental crises can also be played by world cultures collections. By learning from each other's disciplinary research practices, natural history and world cultures collections have huge potential to increase their social relevance.
МИКРОКАПСУЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОБИОТИЧЕСКИХ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ ДЛЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИХ СТАБИЛЬНОСТИ И ВЫЖИВАЕМОСТИ
Authors: Мадыбекова Галия , Муталиева Ботагоз , Туркеева Эльмира , Исаева Асем 
Published: February 2025

Применение микрокапсулирования в пищевой промышленности представляет большой интерес из-за потенциальных преимуществ для доставки и защиты биологически-активных компонентов. Их использование может быть решением для повышения устойчивости пробиотических микроорганизмов к неблагоприятным условиям, а также способствует их стабильности и пролонгированному действию. Современные исследования в области применения биополимеров в микрокапсулировании пробиотиков и пребиотиков позволяют обоснованно подходить к выбору биополимеров и направить исследования на определение наиболее подходящих биополимеров для их микрокапсулирования.
В статье рассматривается микрокапсулирование микроорганизмов,ц в частности, пробиотиков. При микрокапсулировании, пробиотические бактерии в ходе производственного процесса покрываются защитной оболочкой. Это позволяет бактериям сохранять стабильность и увеличить срок жизни микроорганизмов, защищать их от воздействий окружающей среды.
В данной работе приводится анализ зарубежной и отечественной литературы по коллоидно-химическим свойствам биополимеров и их комплексов, пробиотическим микроорганизмам и их систем микрокапсулирования, пребиотикам, видам молочной сыворотки и их переработке в функциональные ферментированные напитки, краткое изложение и обсуждение текущего состояния исследований влияния биополимеров и пребиотиков на стабильность и выживаемость пробиотиков в процессе микрокапсулирования и хранения. А также обзор влияния различных параметров, таких как концентрация биополимера, тип и количество пробиотиков/пребиотиков на размер, структуру и стабильность получаемых микрокапсул. Были рассмотрены оптимальные системы доставки для микрокапсулирования наиболее эффективных для ферментирования молочной сыворотки пробиотических микроорганизмов, с возможностью соинкапсулирования пребиотиками, для разработки функционального напитка.
Age and Propensity to Abuse Welfare Benefits
Authors: Jurek Łukasz 
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we examine the relationship between chronological age and the propensity to abuse welfare benefits. Previous research on sickness absence suggests that younger workers are much more likely to abuse it than older workers. The question is whether this relationship is specific to sickness absence or whether it is a general pattern that also applies to other benefits. The aim of the research was to find out whether there are significant differences in this respect between different age groups (young, mature and old persons). The data for the statistical analysis came from a representative CAWI survey conducted among a sample of 1,512 adult residents of Poland, in which respondents were asked to what extent they would justify various irregularities in the use of welfare benefits. A series of non-parametric analyses of variance (Kruskal-Wallis test) were used to identify differences between the groups. The results confirm that older people differ significantly from younger people in their acceptance of abuse. The higher the age category, the lower the consent for irregularities. The results provide a picture of moral permissiveness across age groups, but do not allow us to determine how attitudes to abuse change over the life cycle. This is because it is not known whether the diagnosed intergroup differences are due to an age effect or rather a generation effect.
Tinjauan kualitas pelayanan UPT Rumah Ilmu Perpustakaan Universitas Negeri Semarang melalui komunikasi interpersonal, fasilitas, dan tata ruang
Authors: Pramusinto Hengky , Mukhifudin Alvi 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh komunikasi interpersonal, fasilitas per-pustakaan dan tata ruang perpustakaan terhadap kualitas pelayanan di UPT Perpustakaan UNNES (Rumah Ilmu). Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner, dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan statistik deskriptif presentase. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh simultan variabel komunikasi interpersonal, fasilitas perpustakaan dan tata ruang perpusta-kaan terhadap kualitas pelayanan sebesar 61,9%. Secara parsial komunikasi interpersonal berpenga-ruh terhadap komunikasi interpersonal sebesar 11,90%, fasilitas perpustakaan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pelayanan sebesar 37,82% dan tata ruang perpustakaan berpengaruh terhadap kualitas pela-yanan sebesar 7,34%. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi interpersonal, fasilitas perpustakaan, dan tata ruang perpustakaan berpengaruh positif dan signikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan.Kata Kunci: Interpersonal Communication; Facilities; Layout; Service Quality; Studies of the service quality of the Universitas Negeri Semarang Library UPT Rumah Ilmu through interpersonal communication, facilities, and spatial layout Abstract: This study aims to analyze the effect of interpersonal communication, library facilities, and library layout on service quality at the UNNES Library (Rumah Ilmu). Data collection methods using questionnaires, analyzed using multiple linear regression and percentage descriptive statistics. The results of this study indicate that there is a simultaneous influence of interpersonal communication variables, library facilities, and library layout on service quality by 61.9%. Partially, interpersonal communication affects interpersonal communication by 11.90%, library facilities affect service quality by 37.82% and library layout affects service quality by 7.34%. The results of this study also show that interpersonal communication, library facilities, and library layout have a positive and significant effect on service quality.
Pengaruh informasi dunia kerja, bimbingan karir, dan ekspektasi karir terhadap kesiapan kerja
Authors: Shabbah Raihan , Ismiyati Ismiyati , Sholikah Mar’atus , Sebayang Lesta Karolina Br 
Published: February 2025

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui pengaruh informasi dunia kerja, bimbingan karir, dan ekspektasi karir terhadap kesiapan kerja siswa kelas XI Jurusan Manajemen Perkantoran dan Layanan Bisnis (MPLB) SMK Negeri 1 Bawang Banjarnegara. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebar kuesioner dan dianalisis menggunakan SEM-PLS. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian sebanyak 84 siswa dengan menggunakan rumus slovin dan teknik simple random sampling. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis statistik inferensial dengan pendekatan SEM-PLS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan (1) pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara informasi dunia kerja, bimbingan karir, dan ekspektasi karir terhadap kesiapan kerja sebesar 0,779; (2) pengaruh positif dan signifikan antara informasi dunia kerja terhadap kesiapan kerja sebesar 0,255; (3) pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara bimbingan karir terhadap kesiapan kerja sebesar 0,261; (4) pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara ekspektasi karir terhadap kesiapan kerja sebesar sebesar 0,490. Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa informasi dunia kerja, bimbingan karir dan ekspektasi karir memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan baik secara simultan atau parsial terhadap kesiapan kerja.Kata Kunci: Informasi Dunia Kerja; Bimbingan Karir; Ekspektasi Karir; Kesiapan Kerja The influence information work of the world, guidance career, and career expectation towards work readiness Abstract: The purpose of this study is to find out the effect of work world information, career guidance, and career expectations on the work readiness of Grade XI students of the Department of Office Management and Business Services (MPLB) of SMK Negeri 1 Bawang Banjarnegara. This type of research uses quantitative research. Data collection was carried out by spreading questionnaires and analyzing using SEM-PLS. The number of samples used in the study was 84 students using the Slovine formula and simple random sampling techniques. The methods of data analysis used are descriptive statistical analysis and inference statistical analysis. The results of this study showed that (1) there was a positive and significant influence between work world information, career guidance, and career expectations on work readiness of 0.779; (2) there was a positive and significant influence between work world information on work readiness of 0.255; (3) there is a positive and significant effect between career guidance on employment readiness of 0.261; (4) there is a positive and significant effect between career expectations on employment readiness of 0.490. The conclusions of this study show that work world information, career guidance and career expectations have a positive and significant effect either simultaneously or partially on job readiness.
Literasi dan numerasi anak usia 6-12 tahun: Peran status sosial ekonomi dan gender berdasarkan asesmen PEMANTIK
Authors: Al Hadi Rizky Khairunnisa , Yusron Eri , Wiradika I Nyoman Indhi , Narendra Hasto Arief , Adem Angela Merici 
Published: February 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan latar belakang status sosial ekonomi (SES) dan gender dengan kemampuan literasi dan numerasi anak usia 6-12 tahun di Indonesia. Menggunakan metode statistik deskriptif dan regresi linear berganda, penelitian ini menelusuri hubungan antara hasil asesmen literasi dan numerasi dengan berbagai variabel SES dan gender. Data diperoleh dari asesmen Pengukuran Mandiri Literasi dan Numerasi PSPK (PEMANTIK) terhadap 20.523 anak yang tersebar di 21 provinsi dan 79 kabupaten/kota. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang pendidikan dan pekerjaan orang tua, terutama ayah, memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kemampuan literasi dan numerasi anak. Selain itu, anak laki-laki memiliki kemampuan numerasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak perempuan, sementara anak perempuan memiliki kemampuan literasi lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak laki-laki. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya intervensi yang disesuaikan berdasarkan latar belakang SES dan gender, khususnya pada tingkat sekolah dasar, guna meningkatkan kemampuan literasi dan numerasi anak sebagai fondasi pendidikan di masa depan. Literacy and numeracy of children aged 6-12 years: The role of socioeconomic status and gender based on the PEMANTIK assessment Abstract: This study aims to analyze the relationship between SES background and gender with literacy and numeracy skills in children aged 6-12 years in Indonesia. Using descriptive statistical methods and multiple linear regression, the study examines the correlation between literacy and numeracy assessment results and various SES and gender variables. Data were obtained from the PSPK Independent Literacy and Numeracy Measurement Assessment (PEMANTIK), covering 20,523 children across 21 provinces and 79 districts/cities. The findings indicate that parental education and occupation, particularly the father’s, significantly affect children's literacy and numeracy skills. Furthermore, boys tend to have higher numeracy skills, while girls outperform boys in literacy at the primary school level. This study highlights the importance of tailored interventions based on SES and gender backgrounds, particularly in primary education, to enhance children's literacy and numeracy skills as the foundation for their future education.
Network pharmacology to unveil the blood components and mechanisms of Tongmai Yangxin Pills in treating elderly coronary heart disease
Authors: Zhang Yue , Li Chao-Hui , Yan Yi-Zhi , Lin Jie-Yun , Zhu Shan-Shan , Tan Si-Jie , Zeng Peng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundTongmai Yangxin Pills (TMYXP) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine compound to treat coronary heart disease (CHD). Aging is a key immutable independent risk factor for CHD. Currently, there are few gene expression profiles of patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or TCM compound. However, the chemical composition and underlying mechanisms of TMYXP against elderly CHD need to be elucidated.ObjectiveExploring the mechanism of TMYXP in treating elderly CHD based on human gene expression profiles, and find the key pharmacodynamic ingredients of TMYXP in treating elderly CHD based on plasma pharmacochemistry and network pharmacology.MethodsA strength of this study is the use of network pharmacology analysis of gene expression profiles in elderly CHD patients before and after TMYXP treatment. This study focused on peripheral blood mononuclear cell samples from 6 elderly patients with CHD over 60 years old (GSE142008). A total of 40 blood components of TMYXP identified by UPLC/Q-TOF-MS method in the plasma of SD rats. Then, we collected literature-validated TMYXP blood component targets for further network pharmacology analysis.ResultsAll blood components of TMYXP exhibited non-toxic properties. By retrieving validated TMYXP blood components's targets, 15 blood components correspond to a total of 4,789 targets. Genistein, emodin, isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid, gallic acid, verbascoside, calycosin, rhein, formononetin and ephedrine were the most potential anti-CHD blood components in TMYXP. The above 10 key blood components of TMYXP mainly regulate hub genes CASP3, TGFB1, PTGS2, CXCL8, FAS and JAK2, mediating multiple mechanisms to treat elderly CHD. TMYXP exerts anti-CHD effects on the TNF signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, lipid and atherosclerosis, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, diabetic cardiomyopathy and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. We further used molecular docking technology to verify the direct interaction of TMYXP blood components with its hub target for treating elderly CHD.ConclusionThis study builds a bridge connecting TMYXP blood components and its confirmed clinical efficacy, identifies a series of anti-CHD lead compounds, and analyzes their possible mechanisms for treating CHD. The research strategy of this study has the potential to promote the modernization and transformation of TCM and promote the drug development.
Predictive value of postoperative prealbumin levels for detecting early-stage complications following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Jia Yanting , Zhang Jun , Chen Lei , Zhu Yanhui 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundA pathological decrease in the serum prealbumin level is closely associated with the severity of various diseases and complications after surgery. Many patients suffer from a systemic inflammatory response and local myocardial ischemia after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, which is related to an adverse prognosis. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the serum prealbumin level and early complications following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, in addition to its predictive value.MethodsData were retrospectively collected on patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting from January 2014 to July 2019. The serum prealbumin level was assessed within 6–12 h after the operation. Patients were classified into two groups: the “normal” level group (≥17 mg/dl) and the “low” level group (&lt;17 mg/dl). Univariate and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate the predictive value of a low serum prealbumin level.ResultsOf the 1,002 patients, 553 (55.2%) had a low serum prealbumin level. The rate of pulmonary infection in the low group was significantly higher than in the normal group. Univariate analysis and multivariable analysis indicated that a low serum prealbumin level was associated with the increased incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection, pleural effusion, and new-onset atrial fibrillation.ConclusionThe serum prealbumin level following off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting serves as a crucial predictor for early major postoperative complications, such as pulmonary complications and new-onset atrial fibrillation. Early identification of high-risk patients by assessing serum prealbumin levels, in addition to the timely adjustment of treatment and care strategies, can improve patient prognosis, shorten hospital stays, and reduce healthcare expenses.
Diagnostic trap: a case report of intimal sarcoma occurring in the left atrium
Authors: Ye Hua , Jing Yuchen , Luo Shuai , Wang Jinjing 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundIntimal Sarcoma (IS) is an exceptionally rare and highly aggressive mesenchymal tumor with an uncertain origin. Its clinical and pathological characteristics are challenging to differentiate from other tumors based merely on histological and cytological morphology. Additionally, the immunohistochemical phenotype lacks specificity. Genomically, IS is distinguished by the amplification of the Mouse Double Minute 2 homolog (MDM2) gene. Presently, there are significant obstacles in clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this condition.Case demonstrationA 49-year-old male patient was hospitalized due to cough and dyspnea. An echocardiogram indicated a myxoma, leading to the performance of a partial cardiac tumor resection. Post-surgical pathological analysis revealed numerous spindle-shaped tumor cells organized in bundles. The cells displayed significant atypia, areas of necrosis, myxoid degeneration, and pathological mitotic figures. Immunophenotyping indicated positivity for Vimentin, Smooth Muscle Actin, and MDM2, focal positivity for ETS-Related Gene, and a Ki-67 index of 40%, with other markers being negative. Fluorescence in situ Hybridization genetic testing confirmed MDM2 gene amplification. The diagnosis was established as IS of the left atrium, World Health Organization grade 2. Post-surgery, six cycles of chemotherapy were administered. An 11-month follow-up period revealed tumor recurrence and progression, with multiple lesions but no distant metastases.ConclusionsA rare case of cardiovascular IS located in the left atrium has been documented. Diagnosing this condition poses significant challenges based solely on histological, cytomorphological, and immunophenotypic characteristics, as differentiation from angiosarcoma, malignant mesothelioma, synovial sarcoma, and myxofibrosarcoma is difficult. Consequently, diagnosing IS necessitates a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical presentation, echocardiography, and pathological examinations, encompassing morphology, immunohistochemistry, and genomic analysis. Surgical resection remains the primary treatment option. However, the rate of postoperative recurrence is high, and the prognosis remains poor. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy are suggested. In advanced cases, comprehensive immunotherapy methods may be employed to enhance patient survival rates and quality of life.