bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of highly irradiated 3D trench silicon pixel sensors for 4D tracking with 10 ps timing accuracy
Authors: Borgato F. , Cardini A. , Cossu G. M. , Dalla Betta G. F. , Garau M. , La Delfa L. , Lai A. , Lampis A. , Loi A. , Obertino M. M. , Simi G. , Vecchi S. 
Published: April 2024

3D trench silicon pixel sensors, recently developed by the TimeSPOT collaboration, have shown excellent performance in terms of spatial resolution, timing precision and detection efficiency. The combination of these three features make them one of the best candidate for inner tracking detectors operating in high luminosity hadron colliders experiments. This article presents systematic characterisations of these devices made with minimum ionising particles on irradiated sensors with neutrons up to 2.5 ⋅ 1016 1 MeV neq cm−2. The results show that 3D trench pixels have extremely high resistance to radiation. The measured time resolution and the detection efficiency of irradiated sensors match those of non-irradiated ones if a slightly higher bias voltage, few tens of Volts, is applied to the pixels. As of today, 3D trench pixels are the only sensors capable of achieving 10 ps time resolution after being irradiated at extremely high fluences, extending by far the capabilities of future tracking systems of HEP experiments operating under extreme conditions.
Proof-of-concept model for instantaneous heart rate-drift correction during low and high exercise exertion
Authors: Papini Gabriele B. , Bonomi Alberto G. , Sartor Francesco 
Published: April 2024

Introduction: This study aimed to model below and above anaerobic threshold exercise-induced heart rate (HR) drift, so that the corrected HR could better represent V̇O2 kinetics during and after the exercise itself.Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects (age: 28 ± 5 years; V̇O2Max: 50 ± 8 mL/kg/min; 5 females) underwent a maximal and a 30-min submaximal (80% of the anaerobic threshold) running exercises. A five-stage computational (i.e., delay block, new training impulse-calculation block, Sigmoid correction block, increase block, and decrease block) model was built to account for instantaneous HR, fitness, and age and to onset, increase, and decrease according to the exercise intensity and duration.Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of the hysteresis function, which described the differences in the maximal and submaximal exercise-induced V̇O2 and HR kinetics, was significantly reduced for both maximal (26%) and submaximal (77%) exercises and consequent recoveries.Discussion: In conclusion, this model allowed HR drift instantaneous correction, which could be exploited in the future for more accurate V̇O2 estimations.
Detection of maize stem diameter by using RGB-D cameras’ depth information under selected field condition
Authors: Zhou Jing , Cui Mingren , Wu Yushan , Gao Yudi , Tang Yijia , Jiang Bowen , Wu Min , Zhang Jian , Hou Lixin 
Published: April 2024

Stem diameter is a critical phenotypic parameter for maize, integral to yield prediction and lodging resistance assessment. Traditionally, the quantification of this parameter through manual measurement has been the norm, notwithstanding its tedious and laborious nature. To address these challenges, this study introduces a non-invasive field-based system utilizing depth information from RGB-D cameras to measure maize stem diameter. This technology offers a practical solution for conducting rapid and non-destructive phenotyping. Firstly, RGB images, depth images, and 3D point clouds of maize stems were captured using an RGB-D camera, and precise alignment between the RGB and depth images was achieved. Subsequently, the contours of maize stems were delineated using 2D image processing techniques, followed by the extraction of the stem’s skeletal structure employing a thinning-based skeletonization algorithm. Furthermore, within the areas of interest on the maize stems, horizontal lines were constructed using points on the skeletal structure, resulting in 2D pixel coordinates at the intersections of these horizontal lines with the maize stem contours. Subsequently, a back-projection transformation from 2D pixel coordinates to 3D world coordinates was achieved by combining the depth data with the camera’s intrinsic parameters. The 3D world coordinates were then precisely mapped onto the 3D point cloud using rigid transformation techniques. Finally, the maize stem diameter was sensed and determined by calculating the Euclidean distance between pairs of 3D world coordinate points. The method demonstrated a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 3.01%, a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.75 mm, a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 1.07 mm, and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.96, ensuring accurate measurement of maize stem diameter. This research not only provides a new method of precise and efficient crop phenotypic analysis but also offers theoretical knowledge for the advancement of precision agriculture.
A systematic review of midwives’ training needs in perinatal mental health and related interventions
Authors: Dubreucq Marine , Dupont Corinne , Lambregtse-Van den Berg Mijke P. , Bramer Wichor M. , Massoubre Catherine , Dubreucq Julien 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMidwives may be key stakeholders to improve perinatal mental healthcare (PMHC). Three systematic reviews considered midwives’ educational needs in perinatal mental health (PMH) or related interventions with a focus on depression or anxiety. This systematic review aims to review: 1) midwives’ educational/training needs in PMH; 2) the training programs in PMH and their effectiveness in improving PMHC.MethodsWe searched six electronic databases using a search strategy designed by a biomedical information specialist. Inclusion criteria were: (1) focus on midwives; (2) reporting on training needs in PMH, perinatal mental health problems or related conditions or training programs; (3) using quantitative, qualitative or mixed-methods design. We used the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool for study quality.ResultsOf 4969 articles screened, 66 papers met eligibility criteria (47 on knowledge, skills or attitudes and 19 on training programs). Study quality was low to moderate in most studies. We found that midwives’ understanding of their role in PMHC (e.g. finding meaning in opening discussions about PMH; perception that screening, referral and support is part of their routine clinical duties) is determinant. Training programs had positive effects on proximal outcomes (e.g. knowledge) and contrasted effects on distal outcomes (e.g. number of referrals).ConclusionsThis review generated novel insights to inform initial and continuous education curriculums on PMH (e.g. focus on midwives’ understanding on their role in PMHC or content on person-centered care).Registration detailsThe protocol is registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021285926)
Case report: Intensive online trauma treatment combining prolonged exposure and EMDR 2.0 in a patient with severe and chronic PTSD
Authors: Matthijssen Suzy J. M. A. , Menses Sophie D. F. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionShort and intensive trauma treatment programs seem promising in treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, little is known about the effects performing these types of intensive treatment programs online.MethodAt the Altrecht Academic Anxiety Centre, an in person intensive trauma focused treatment of six days (three consecutive days in two weeks) was altered into a fully online treatment. A treatment day consisted of 90 minutes of prolonged exposure, 60 minutes of exercise, 90 minutes of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) 2.0 and 60 minutes of psychoeducation. Mary, a patient diagnosed with chronic and severe PTSD, chronic depressive disorder (single episode, moderate to severe), a panic disorder, and an other specified personality disorder was the first patient to take part in this intensive online trauma treatment.ResultsMary reached full remission of PTSD. The PTSD symptoms (measured on both the clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5, CAPS-5 and The PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, PCL-5) showed maximum improvement and were completely absent during one month and six month follow-up. Moreover, she no longer suffered from severe depressive symptoms and did not report any general psychiatric symptoms (measured with the Beck Depression Inventory version 2, BDI-II and the Brief Symptom Inventory, BSI).ConclusionIn conclusion, the case-report demonstrates that intensive trauma treatment online was successful in this specific case, thereby being a ‘proof of concept’ that intensive trauma treatment online is feasible. It might be promising for patients with severe and chronic PTSD and comorbid psychiatric disorders. However, further research must show if the results of this specific case can be translated to other patients with severe and chronic PTSD and comorbid psychiatric disorders.
Exploring patterns in mental health treatment and interests of single adults in the United States: a secondary data analysis
Authors: Gesselman Amanda N. , Kaufman Ellen M. , Weeks Lee Y. S. , Moscovici Zoe , Bennett-Brown Margaret , Adams Olivia R. , Campbell Jessica T. , Piazza Malia , Bhuyan Lucy , Dubé Simon , Hille Jessica J. , Garcia Justin R. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to examine mental health treatment utilization and interest among the large and growing demographic of single adults in the United States, who face unique societal stressors and pressures that may contribute to their heightened need for mental healthcare.MethodWe analyzed data from 3,453 single adults, focusing on those with possible mental health treatment needs by excluding those with positive self-assessments. We assessed prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of mental health treatment, including psychotherapy and psychiatric medication use, and interest in attending psychotherapy among participants who had never attended.Results26% were in mental health treatment; 17% were attending psychotherapy, 16% were taking psychiatric medications, and 7% were doing both. Further, 64% had never attended psychotherapy, of which 35% expressed interest in future attendance. There were differences in current psychotherapy attendance and psychiatric medication use by gender and sexual orientation, with women and gay/lesbian individuals more likely to engage in both forms of mental health treatment. Additionally, interest in future psychotherapy among those who had never attended varied significantly by age, gender, and race. Younger individuals, women, and Black/African-American participants showed higher likelihoods of interest in psychotherapy.ConclusionOur research highlights a critical gap in mental health treatment utilization among single adults who may be experiencing a need for those services. Despite a seemingly higher likelihood of engagement in mental health treatment compared to the general population, only a minority of single adults in our sample were utilizing mental health treatment. This underutilization and the observed demographic disparities in mental health treatment underscore the need for targeted outreach, personalized treatment plans, enhanced provider training, and policy advocacy to ensure equitable access to mental healthcare for single adults across sociodemographic backgrounds.
Non-use and inadequate use of cervical cancer screening among a representative sample of women in the United States
Authors: Narcisse Marie-Rachelle , McElfish Pearl A. , Hallgren Emily , Pierre-Joseph Natalie , Felix Holly C. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionWomen's adherence to the United States (U.S.) Preventive Services Task Force guidelines for cervical cancer screening was determined by examining predisposing, enabling, and needs factors from Andersen's Behavioral Model of Health Services Use conceptual framework.MethodsThe outcome was operationalized as cervical cancer screening use, non-use, and inadequate-use. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted on data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey of 7,331 eligible women aged 21–65.ResultsCompared with women who used cervical cancer screening services, women aged 30–65 were less likely to be Non-Users than those aged 21–29. Hispanic, Asian, and American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) women were more likely to be Non-Users than White women. More educated women were less likely to be Non-Users. Foreign-born women &lt;10 years in the U.S. were more likely to be Non-Users than U.S.-born women. Women with financial hardship were less likely to be Non-Users. Poorer women and uninsured women were more likely to be Non-Users. Women with children in their household were less likely to be Non-Users than those without children. Women who had a well-visit in the past year were less likely to be Non-Users. Women with a history of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination were less likely to be Non-Users. Compared with women who used cervical cancer screening services, women aged 30–65 were less likely to be Inadequate-Users. AIAN women were more likely to be Inadequate-Users. Women of other races were less likely to be Inadequate-Users. Employed women were less likely to be Inadequate-Users. Uninsured women were more likely to be Inadequate-Users. Women who had a well-visit within a year were less likely to be Inadequate-Users. Women with past HPV vaccination were more likely to be Inadequate-Users. Smokers were less likely to be Inadequate-Users.DiscussionPredisposing, enabling, and needs factors are differently associated with non-use and inadequate use of cervical cancer screening. Understanding factors associated with the use, non-use, and inadequate use of cervical cancer screening is crucial to avoid or curb unnecessary tests, increased costs to both society and individuals, and the ill-allocation of limited resources.
Natural deep eutectic liquid and ultrasound-assisted extraction of milk thistle phenolics and their hepatoprotective activities
Authors: Nasrullah Nabiha , Akram Sumia , Rashid Ayoub , Adnan Ahmad , Mushtaq Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe present research describes the utilization of natural deep eutectic solvent in combination with ultrasound for the extraction of milk thistle polyphenols. The extracts obtained under different conditions were evaluated for theirin vitroantioxidant activities and hepatoprotective activities in Albino mice (in vivo).MethodsThe extraction parameters involving liquid-to-solid ratio (S/L), ethanol-to-natural deep eutectic solvent ratio (EtOH/DES), extraction time (t), and ultrasound treatment time were investigated and optimized to enhance the recovery of bioactives, their phenolic content, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and radical scavenging capacity (RSC).Results and discussionsThe extraction of milk thistle polyphenols using glucose/citric acid (1:1)-based natural deep eutectic liquid coupled with ultrasound for 1.0 min under an S/L of 6.2, EtOH/DES 9, and extraction time of 120.8 min offered 35.89 ± 2.29 g/100 g of crude extracts, which were three-fold higher than that by conventional solvent extraction (CSE). Each gram of milk thistle extracts thus obtained comprised 377.93 ± 6.17 mg GAE of TPC and exhibited 298.70 ± 3.06 μmol TEAC and 93.16 ± 0.58 percent inhibition of DPPH free radicals. In addition, the administration of milk thistle extracts obtained as given above at 25 mg/Kg body weight in Albino mice significantly (p≤ 0.05) improved the liver function parameters at the end of treatment (7 days).ConclusionOverall, it was observed that NaDES in combination with medium-level ultrasound energy (700 watt) might work as a sustainable choice to enhance the recovery of bioactive phenolics from milk thistle powder without compromising their antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential.
A case report of parotid gland epithelioid hemangioendothelioma
Authors: Wang Ke , Hu Jianhong , Wen Jiazhu , Zhou Shuxia , Ye Linfeng , Fang Chun , Guan Jiacheng , Luo Xiao 
Published: April 2024

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare low-grade malignant vascular tumor. It mainly occurs in the liver, lungs, bones, and other parts of the body. Reports of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma in the parotid gland are rare in both domestic and international literature. Here, we present a case report of a parotid gland epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, including its complete clinical course and imaging findings, to improve the diagnosis and treatment of this unusual disease.Case presentationThe patient, a 75-year-old female, presented with a swelling around the right ear for 2 months and pain for 20 days. Enhanced MRI of the parotid gland revealed a well-defined, round mass with homogeneous signal intensity. The mass showed low signal intensity on T1-weighted imaging, high signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging, nodular low signal intensity within, significant high signal intensity on DWI sequence, low signal intensity on ADC sequence, and heterogeneous enhancement in the arterial phase after intravenous injection of Gd-DTPA. Nodular non-enhancing low signal intensity was observed internally, and slight clearance was seen in the venous phase. The initial diagnosis before surgery was a benign lesion, but after histopathological and immunohistochemical examination, it was confirmed as epithelioid hemangioendothelioma.InterventionComplete tumor resection was performed.ResultsThe patient experienced a favorable recovery, with meticulous follow-up conducted for up to 1 year revealing no signs of recurrence or metastasis. Continued patient surveillance is ongoing to substantiate and validate the long-term efficacy of the treatment.ConclusionDue to the extreme rarity of parotid gland epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, it often leads to a high misdiagnosis rate. The most common misdiagnosis is salivary gland lymphoma, followed by epithelioid hemangiosarcoma. When the lesion is multifocal, fusiform, with internal necrosis, and shows punctate low signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging, significant enhancement in the arterial phase, particularly with more pronounced peripheral enhancement, and persistent enhancement in the venous and delayed phases, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma should be considered. However, the current clinical diagnosis of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma still primarily relies on immunohistochemical methods.
Effects of adding bile acids to dietary storage japonica brown rice on growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal microbiota of growing–finishing Min pigs
Authors: Wang Chuanqi , Zheng Kexin , Wang Dali , Yu Hao , Zhao Yun , Fang Hengtong , Zhang Jing 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis study investigated the effects of storage japonica brown rice (SJBR) and bile acids (BA) on the growth performance, meat quality, and intestinal microbiota of growing–finishing Min pigs.MethodsA total of 24 healthy Min pigs with a similar body weight of 42.25 ± 2.13 kg were randomly divided into three groups with eight replicates of one pig each. The groups were as follows: CON (50% corn), SJBR (25% corn +25% SJBR), and SJBR + BA (25% corn +25% SJBR +0.025% hyodeoxycholic acid). The experimental period lasted from day 90 (the end of the nursery phase) to day 210 (the end of the finishing phase).ResultsThe results showed the following: (1) Compared with the CON group, there was no significant difference in the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of the SJBR and SJBR + BA groups, and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05). (2) Compared with the CON group, the total protein (TP) content in the serum was significantly increased, and the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) content was significantly decreased (p &lt; 0.05) in the SJBR and SJBR + BA groups; moreover, HDL-C was significantly higher by 35% (p &lt; 0.05) in the SJBR + BA group. (3) There were no significant differences in carcass weight, carcass length, pH, drip loss, cooking loss, and shear force among the groups; the eye muscle area was significantly increased in the SJBR group compared with the CON group (p &lt; 0.05); back fat thickness was significantly decreased in the SJBR + BA group compared with the SJBR group (p &lt; 0.05); and the addition of SJBR significantly increased the mRNA expression of MyHC I in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of growing–finishing Min pigs (p &lt; 0.05). (4) The cecal bacteria were detected using 16S rDNA, and the proportion of Lactobacillus was increased gradually at the genus level, but there was no significant difference among the different groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, 25% SJBR can improve the growth performance and increase the abundance of intestinal beneficial bacteria, and based on this, adding bile acids can reduce the back fat thickness of growing–finishing Min pigs.
Certified Fellowship in Abdominal Wall Surgery—A Collaboration Between the UEMS and the European Hernia Society
Authors: Köckerling Ferdinand , Morales-Conde Salvador , Simons Maarten , Casanova Daniel , East Barbora , de Beaux Andrew , Henriksen Nadia , Roka Sebastian , Felice Arthur 
Published: April 2024

Background: Abdominal wall surgery (AWS) is characterised by the increasing caseload and the complexity of the surgical procedures. The introduction of a tailored approach to AWS utilising laparoendoscopic, robotic and/or open techniques requires the surgeon to master several surgical techniques. All of which have an associated learning curve, and the necessary knowledge/experience to know which operation is the right one for the individual patient. However, the reality in general surgery training shows that training in just a limited number of procedures is not enough. By the end of general surgery training, many chief residents do not feel they are yet ready to carry out surgery independently. Therefore, hernia surgery experts and societies have called for the introduction of a Fellowship in Abdominal Wall Surgery.Methods: The UEMS (Union Européenne des Médecins Spécialistes, European Union of Medical Specialists) in collaboration with the European Hernia Society (EHS) introduced a fellowship by examination in 2019. As a prerequisite, candidates must complete further training of at least 2 years with a special focus on abdominal wall surgery after having completed their training in general surgery. To be eligible for the examination, candidates must provide evidence of having performed 300 hernia procedures. In addition, candidates must have accrued sufficient “knowledge points” by attending abdominal wall surgery congresses, courses and clinical visitations, and engaged in scientific activities. On meeting the requirements, a candidate may be admitted to the written and oral examination.Results: To date, three examinations have been held on the occasion of the Annual Congress of the European Hernia Society in Copenhagen (2021), Manchester (2022) and Barcelona (2023). Having met the requirements, 48 surgeons passed the written and oral examination and were awarded the Fellow European Board of Surgery—Abdominal Wall Surgery certificate. During this time period, a further 25 surgeons applied to sit the examination but did not fulfil all the criteria to be eligible for the examination. Fifty experienced abdominal wall surgeons applied to become an Honorary Fellow European Board of Surgery—Abdominal Wall Surgery. Fourty eight were successful in their application.Conclusion: The Fellowship of the European Board of Surgery - Abdominal Wall Surgery by examination has been successfully introduced at European level by the joint work of the UEMS and the EHS. The examination is also open to surgeons who work outside the European area, if they can fulfil the eligibility criteria.