bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of incident major depression in diabetic outpatients with subthreshold depression
Authors: Bot Mariska , Pouwer François , Ormel Johan , Slaets Joris P. J. , De Jonge Peter 
Published: September 2010

Diabet. Med. 27, 1295–1301 (2010)AbstractAims  The objective of the study was to determine rates and risks of major depression in diabetes outpatients with subthreshold depression.Methods  This study is based on data of a stepped care‐based intervention study in which diabetic patients with subthreshold depression were randomly allocated to low‐intensity stepped care, aimed at reducing depressive symptoms, or to care as usual. Patients had a baseline Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D) score ≥ 16, but no baseline major depression according to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). Demographic, biological and psychological characteristics were collected at baseline. The MINI was used to determine whether participants had major depression during 2 year follow‐up. Predictors of major depression were studied using logistic regression models.Results  Of the 114 patients included at baseline, 73 patients were available at 2 year follow‐up. The 2 year incidence of major depression was 42% (n = 31). Higher baseline anxiety levels [odds ratio (OR) = 1.25; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.50; P = 0.018] and depression severity levels (OR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.00–1.18; P = 0.045) were predictors of incident major depression. Stepped care allocation was not related to incident major depression. In multivariable models, similar results were found.Conclusions  Having a higher baseline level of anxiety and depression appeared to be related to incident major depression during 2 year follow‐up in diabetic patients with subthreshold depression. A stepped care intervention aimed at depression alone did not prevent the onset of depression in these patients. Besides level of depression, anxiety might be taken into account in the prevention of major depression in diabetic patients with subthreshold depression.
The Comparative Auatomy of the Palatine Tonsil.
Authors: Hett Mary L. 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARY.

The tuberculum tonsillare is always present in the embryo, but its subsequent history depends on the amount of lymphoid tissue which is formed in it.
Epithelial ingrowths are usually formed in the palatine tonsil at some period of growth.
Special investigation was made of the condition in the dog and cat. It was found that (a) epithelial ingrowth takes place in the palatine tonsil of the dog during the fœtal period and first few months of post‐natal life, probably continuing to some extent throughout life; (b) epithelial ingrowth occurs to a small extent in the palatine tonsil of the Domestic Cat during the fœtal period and first few days of post‐natal life only.
The extent of epithelial ingrowth in the palatine tonsil is correlated with (a) activity of the tonsil, (b) the location of the lymphoid tissue. Epithelial ingrowths are less evident in simple pocket‐shaped tonsils, and are also inversely proportional to the size of the tuberculum and to the amount of lymphoid tissue which it contains.
Tonsils may be grouped into five classes:— a. Simple pocket‐shaped tonsils with epithelial ingrowths only in the early stages, e. g., rabbit. b. Pocket‐shaped tonsils with numerous ingrowths and crypts, e. g., Felidæ. c. Tonsils with a flattened sinus and large projecting tuberculum tonsillare in which is located most of the lymphoid tissue, e. g., Canidæ. d. Tonsils with flattened sinus and no tuberculum tonsillare in the adult lymphoid tissue developing below the floor of the sinus, e. g., Artiodactyia. e. Tonsils with a flattened sinus and small tuberculum tonsillare, the lymphoid tissue being formed on the floor of the sinus and usually projecting from it as a solid mass, e. g., Man and anthropoid apes.
It is suggested that certain limiting folds surrounding the palatine tonsil serve to direct the secretion downwards in the fauces.
No clear correlation can be demonstrated between tonsil form and feeding‐habits, but the following generalisations may be made:— a. In carnivorous mammals (both Eutherian and Marsupial) the palatine tonsil usually constitutes a solid projecting mass. b. In herbivorous mammals the palatine tonsils are either of a simple pocket‐shape, as in the Rodents, or they are extensive and of the “embedded” type, being developed below the surface‐level of the pharynx. c. In insectivorous mammals the palatine tonsil is relatively small and simple.

It is hence suggested that the size and importance of the tonsil in the adult may have some connection with its action in freeing the pharyngeal mucosa from food particles.
Selective suppression of the incorrect response implementation in choice behavior assessed by transcranial magnetic stimulation
Authors: Tandonnet Christophe , Garry Michael I. , Summers Jeffery J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSelecting the adequate alternative in choice situations may involve an inhibition process. Here we assessed response implementation during the reaction time of a between‐hand choice task with single‐ or paired‐pulse (3 or 15 ms interstimulus intervals [ISIs]) transcranial magnetic stimulation of the motor cortex. The amplitude of the single‐pulse motor evoked potential (MEP) initially increased for both hands. At around 130 ms, the single‐pulse MEP kept increasing for the responding hand and decreased for the nonresponding hand. The paired‐pulse MEP revealed a similar pattern for both ISIs with no effect on short intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation measures. The results suggest that the incorrect response implementation was selectively suppressed before execution of the correct response, preventing errors in choice context. The results favor models assuming that decision making involves an inhibition process.
Controls on body size during the Late Permian mass extinction event
Authors: HE W.‐H. , TWITCHETT R. J. , ZHANG Y. , SHI G. R. , FENG Q.‐L. , YU J.‐X. , WU S.‐B. , PENG X.‐F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study examines the morphological responses of Late Permian brachiopods to environmental changes. Quantitative analysis of body size data from Permian–Triassic brachiopods has demonstrated significant, directional changes in body size before, during and after the Late Permian mass extinction event. Brachiopod size significantly reduced before and during the extinction interval, increased for a short time in more extinction‐resistant taxa in the latter stages of extinction and then dramatically reduced again across the Permian/Triassic boundary. Relative abundances of trace elements and acritarchs demonstrate that the body size reductions which happened before, during and after extinction were driven by primary productivity collapse, whereas declining oxygen levels had less effect. An episode of size increase in two of the more extinction‐resistant brachiopod species is unrelated to environmental change and possibly was the result of reduced interspecific competition for resources following the extinction of competitors. Based on the results of this study, predictions can be made for the possible responses of modern benthos to present‐day environmental changes.
Inhibition of monoacylglycerol lipase by troglitazone,N‐arachidonoyl dopamine and the irreversible inhibitor JZL184: comparison of two different assays
Authors: Björklund E , Norén E , Nilsson J , Fowler CJ 
Published: September 2010

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSEDrugs used clinically usually have a primary mechanism of action, but additional effects on other biological targets can contribute to their effects. A potentially useful additional target is the endocannabinoid metabolizing enzyme monoacylglycerol lipase (MGL). We have screened a range of drugs for inhibition of MGL and compared the observed potencies using different MGL enzyme assays.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHMGL activity was screened using recombinant human MGL (cell lysates and purified enzyme) with 4‐nitrophenyl acetate (NPA) as substrate. 2‐Oleolyglycerol metabolism by rat cerebellar cytosolic MGL and by recombinant MGL was also investigated.KEY RESULTSAmong the 96 compounds screened in the NPA assay, troglitazone, CP55,940,N‐arachidonoyl dopamine and AM404 inhibited NPA hydrolysis by the lysates with IC50values of 1.1, 4.9, 0.78 and 3.1 µM, respectively. The potency for troglitazone is in the same range as its primary pharmacological activity, activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR) γ. Among PPARγ ligands, the potency order towards human MGL was troglitazone > ciglitazone > rosiglitazone > 15‐deoxy‐Δ12,14‐prostaglandin J2≈ CAY 10415 > CAY 10514. In contrast to the time‐dependent inhibitor JZL184, the potency of troglitazone was dependent upon the enzyme assay system used. Thus, troglitazone inhibited rat cytosolic 2‐oleoylglycerol hydrolysis less potently (IC5041 µM) than hydrolysis of NPA by the human MGL lysates.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS‘Hits’ in screening programmes for MGL inhibitors should be assessed in different MGL assays. Troglitazone may be a useful lead for the design of novel, dual action MGL inhibitors/PPARγ activators.
Pertussis serology: assessment of IgG anti‐PT ELISA for replacement of the CHO cell assay*
Authors: DALBY TINE , SØRENSEN CHARLOTTE , PETERSEN JESPER WESTPHAL , KROGFELT KAREN ANGELIKI 
Published: September 2010

Dalby T, Sørensen C, Petersen JW, Krogfelt KA. Pertussis serology: assessment of IgG anti‐PT ELISA for replacement of the CHO cell assay. APMIS 2010; 118: 968–72.Two types of serological assays are commonly used for the assessment of pertussis vaccine‐induced antibodies; the Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO cell) assay and the immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti pertussis toxin (PT) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (IgG anti‐PT ELISA). Recently, both the techniques have been modified to improve performance with sera with interfering activity (CHO cell assay) or with heat‐treated sera (IgG anti‐PT ELISA). These two improved techniques were compared by the analysis of 100 individual serum samples from a previous clinical trial and 213 sera from a longitudinal serum collection from 20 Danish adults recently vaccinated with the Danish acellular pertussis vaccine. The comparison showed a significant linear correlation between the results of the two assays with a p‐value of <0.0001 for the 100 individual samples. We, therefore, conclude that the improved IgG anti‐PT ELISA can be used as a replacement for the often troublesome and time‐consuming CHO cell assay for the measurement of vaccine‐induced human antibodies to PT.
Expression of SATB1 and heparanase in gastric cancer and its relationship to clinicopathologic features
Authors: CHENG CHAO , LU XIAOMING , WANG GUOBIN , ZHENG LIDUAN , SHU XIAOGANG , ZHU SHIKAI , LIU KE , WU KE , TONG QIANG 
Published: September 2010

Cheng C, Lu X, Wang G, Zheng L, Shu X, Zhu S, Liu K, Wu K, Tong Q. Expression of SATB1 and heparanase in gastric cancer and its relationship to clinicopathologic features. APMIS 2010; 118: 855–63.The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of special AT‐rich binding protein 1 (SATB1) and heparanase in human gastric cancer as well as its relationship to the clinicopathologic factors. Specimens from 102 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy between 2000 and 2002 were studied by immunohistochemistry for SATB1 and heparanase expression. SATB1 and heparanase were positively expressed in 48.0% and 51.0% of gastric cancer cases, respectively. The expression of SATB1 and heparanase was significantly correlated with the depth of invasion, tumor‐node‐metastatsis (TNM) stage, lymph node metastasis, whereas SATB1 expression was also significantly correlated with distant metastasis. Patients with SATB1‐negative expression and heparanase‐negative expression had higher survival rates than those with SATB1‐positive or heparanase‐positive expression. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between SATB1 and heparanase. In multivariable analysis, SATB1 expression was also identified as an independent prognostic indicator for gastric cancer. Our results suggest that combined analysis of SATB1 and heparanase expression may have significant value in determining invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer and assessing prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.
T‐cell expression of CD91 – a marker of unresponsiveness to anti‐TNF therapy in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: ERIKSSON CATHARINA , RANTAPÄÄ‐DAHLQVIST SOLBRITT , SUNDQVIST KARL‐GÖSTA 
Published: September 2010

Eriksson C, Rantapää‐Dahlqvist S, Sundqvist K‐G. T‐cell expression of CD91 – a marker of unresponsiveness to anti‐TNF therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. APMIS 2010; 118: 837–45.The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) and its receptors, lipoprotein receptor‐related protein/cluster of differentiation (CD)91, calreticulin (CRT), and CD47, on T cells and monocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. The surface expression of CD91 and associated components on CD3‐ and CD14‐positive cells was examined using flow cytometry in 12 patients with established RA before and after beginning therapy and compared with that of 9 healthy controls and 12 patients with early RA treated with conventional therapies. CD3‐positive cells from anti‐TNF non‐responders showed significantly greater expression of CD91 expression than those from responders (p < 0.05) after 6 weeks and when all measurements were pooled (p < 0.001). CD91 expression on CD3‐positive cells from non‐responders to other therapies was at the same level as in healthy controls. In contrast, CD14‐positive cells showed no differences in CD91 expression between patients and controls or between responders and non‐responders to anti‐TNF therapy. The expression of TSP‐1, CRT, and CD47 showed no differences between responders and non‐responders. The results suggest T‐lymphocyte expression of CD91 to be a biomarker that signifies unresponsiveness to anti‐TNF therapy in patients with RA and may be used to identify potential responders and non‐responders.
Evaluation of understanding levels of Indian dental students’ knowledge and perceptions regarding older adults
Authors: Anehosur Gouri Venkatesh , Nadiger Ramesh K. 
Published: September 2010

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2010.00416.x

Evaluation of understanding levels of Indian dental students’ knowledge and perceptions regarding older adultsAbstractIncreasing numbers of older people and decreasing rates of edentulism highlight the importance of dental education that focuses on oral health and ageing. Our evaluation study was carried out to assess the Indian dental graduate’s geriatric knowledge, as well as their awareness, of the bio‐psychosocial factors that are potential barriers to geriatric oral health care. A total of 98 students were evaluated during their rotational clinical posting in the fifth year of the dental education programme. The results suggest that general attitudes need to be changed by the inclusion of geriatric dentistry in the dental curriculum. Exposure of students to didactic and clinical setting appears to be a critical element towards positive knowledge and attitude of the elderly.
The DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder in Men
Authors: Brotto Lori A. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTIntroductionHypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD) is one of two sexual desire disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and is defined by two criteria: A—“persistently or recurrently deficient (or absent) sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity” and B—“marked distress or interpersonal difficulty.”AimThis paper reviews the prevalence and correlates of low desire in men and qualitative and quantitative research on the experience of sexual desire in men and women.MethodsA literature search of Medline, PudMed, and PsychInfo was used to identify any publication on low desire in men.Main Outcome MeasureThe strength of empirical findings was used as a basis for making proposed revisions to the diagnostic criteria for HSDD in men.ResultsThe dilemma of whether desire and arousal can be reliably differentiated in men is discussed, and parallels to the literature in women are drawn. Finally, I consider three options for the diagnosis of low desire in men for DSM-5. Option 1 proposes that the DSM-IV-TR name and criteria are preserved for men in DSM-5. Option 2 proposes that the recently proposed criteria for Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder in women are also adopted for men, which would result in one gender-neutral category. Option 3 proposes that the criteria for Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder also be applied to men, with a minor modification to one criterion (i.e., that absent or reduced genital and/or nongenital physical changes not be included as a criterion); this diagnosis would then be applied only to men.ConclusionsThe evidence supporting each of these proposals is presented and critiqued. It is concluded that the proposal for DSM-5 should be made on the basis of field testing of new criteria.
Cassava Starch Coating and Citric Acid to Preserve Quality Parameters of Fresh‐Cut “Tommy Atkins” Mango
Authors: Chiumarelli Marcela , Pereira Leila M. , Ferrari Cristhiane C. , Sarantópoulos Claire I. G. L. , Hubinger Miriam D. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:  Combination of citric acid dipping (5 g/L) and cassava starch coating (10 g/L), with and without glycerol (10 g/L), was studied to verify the effectiveness of these treatments to inhibit enzymatic browning, to reduce respiration rate, and to preserve quality parameters of “Tommy Atkins” fresh‐cut mangoes during storage at 5 °C. Color characteristics (L* and C*), mechanical properties (stress at failure), weight loss, β‐carotene content, sensory acceptance, and microbial growth of fruits were evaluated during 15 d. The respiration rate of fruit subjected to the treatments was also analyzed. Nontreated fresh‐cut mango was used as a control sample. Cassava starch edible coatings and citric acid dipping promoted a decrease in respiration rate of mango slices, with values up to 41% lower than the control fruit. This treatment also promoted better preservation of texture and color characteristics of mangoes and delayed carotenoid formation and browning reactions during storage. Moreover, the treated fruit showed great sensory acceptance by consumers throughout the whole storage period. However, the use of glycerol in the coating formulation was not efficient in the maintenance of quality parameters of fresh‐cut mangoes, promoting a higher weight loss of samples, impairing fruit texture characteristics, increasing carotenogenesis, and favoring microbial growth during storage.Practical Application:  Consumer demand for tropical fresh‐cut products is increasing rapidly in the world market. Fresh‐cut mangoes are appreciated world‐wide for its exotic flavor. However, its shelf life is limited by changes in color, texture, appearance, off‐flavors and microbial growth. The edible coatings act as gas and water vapor barrier, extending the storage time of fresh‐cut fruit and vegetables. Thus, cassava starch is an alternative to preserve minimally processed mangoes and the quality parameters of fresh fruit. The information of this work is useful for the fresh‐cut produce industry to increase shelf life of fresh‐cut mangoes, which can be considered an alternative to fast food and other ready‐to‐eat products, attending the demand for healthy and convenient foodstuffs.
Effects of Rested Harvesting on Muscle Metabolite Concentrations and K‐Values in Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Fillets during Storage at 15 °C
Authors: Tuckey Nicholas P. L. , Forster Malcolm E. , Gieseg Steven P. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:  Improvement of harvesting procedures in aquaculture may also improve the quality and storage properties of the fish. The use of an anesthetic allows fish to be harvested with reduced stress and exhaustion, which affect fillet properties. We report here on the effects of rested harvesting on the postharvest metabolic profiles and K‐values in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) fillets stored near to the fish's acclimation temperature at 15 °C for 36 h. Fresh rested fillets were obtained by anesthesia with AQUI‐S™. They had high cut surface pHs (7.63) and high concentrations of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and creatine phosphate (3.75 and 8.73 μmol g−1 respectively), which depleted over 12 h. In contrast, fresh exhausted fillets had low cut surface pHs (6.66) and ATP and creatine phosphate were depleted. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and β‐nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) concentrations also remained significantly higher during the first 12 h of storage in rested fillets. In fresh rested fillets inosine monophosphate (IMP) concentrations reached maximum after 12 h storage (4.78 μmol g−1), whereas maximum IMP concentrations occurred immediately postharvest in the exhausted fillets (6.42 μmol g−1). After 36 h storage, K‐values in exhausted fillets reached 52.11% compared to 19.27% in rested fillets. Rested harvesting of Chinook salmon improved the fillets’ metabolic potential postharvest, extending metabolite depletion times, changing IMP concentrations and reducing K‐values.Practical Application:  This study shows that an improved metabolic potential is maintained in salmon fillets from fish harvested in a rested state (that is, with no stress and exhaustion) using an isoeugenol based anesthetic (AQUI‐S™). Improved understanding of postharvest metabolic function may help to improve quality and storage properties of high value fish tissues.
Quantitative prop support estimation and remote monitor early warning for hard roof weighting at the Muchengjian Mine in China
Authors: Tan Yunliang , Zhao Tongbin , Xiao Yaxun 
Published: September 2010

The complex coal seam structure and hard roof at the Muchengjian Mine were studied, and the equivalent tensile strength of the roof was determined by a retrospective analysis of similar roof cave-ins. The prop spacing or number of hydraulic props required per unit area were obtained by analyzing the roof caving span and thickness. The early warning threshold bedding vertical separation velocity for hard roof caving at the Muchengjian Coal Mine was determined to be about 14 mm/day, and the newly invented “bedding separation remote monitoring system” (BSRMS) was used for the first time for early warning of a roof fall. A total of 48 trials of early warning roof weighting were performed at the Muchengjian Mine. It was found that not only were all the early warnings accurate, but the support system was also safe and reliable.
Syntheses of ruthenium(II)-4,4′-biimidazole complexes and their potential anti-tumour activity
Authors: Kennedy David C. , James Brian R. 
Published: September 2010

Synthesis and characterization of the RuII complexes, [Ru(N−N)3][CF3SO3]2, where N−N is 4,4′-biimidazole (complex 1a) or 2,2′-dimethyl-4,4′-biimidazole (1b), and the dimethylsulfoxide complexes RuCl2(DMSO)2(N−N) are reported. The air-stable, water-soluble complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR and IR spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, and solution conductivity. Evidence is presented also for the existence of the diruthenium complexes Ru2Cl4(DMSO)4(N−N), but there are insufficient data for elucidation of their structure. The complexes (and cisplatin) were tested against human breast-cancer cells (MDA-MB-435S) using an in vitro MTT assay, a colorimetric determination of cell viability: 1a and 1b exhibit the lowest IC50 values of 18 ± 5 and 36 ± 5 µmol/L, respectively, with cisplatin exhibiting an IC50 value of 35 ± 5 µmol/L. Isolation of DNA from cells treated with a solution of the Ru species showed no evidence of DNA-binding to the metal, although examination of the cells indicated that Ru was being taken up into the cells.