bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of well Water Quality for Domestic utilization in Fayda District, Southern Duhok Governorate, Kurdistan Region- Iraq
Authors: Ahmed Musher R. , Saleem Rami N. , Rashed Marwa M. 
Published: April 2024

اجريت هذه الدراسة لغرض قياس جودة المياه في أبار منطقة فايدة عن طريق قياس مؤشر جودة المياه على أساس معايير كيميائية وفيزيائية تم قياسها باستخدام الأجهزة والتقنيات الحديثة، وأيضاً باستخدام الطرق الكلاسيكية التقليدية, تم جمع وتحليل 168 عينة بناءً على عدة عوامل تشمل: درجة الحرارة، ودرجة الحموضة، والتوصيلية الكهربائية، والاملاح الكليه الذائبه، والعكورة، والقلوية، و2-NO3 و1-Cl،Mg+2 ،Ca+2، SO4-2، الاوكسجين المذاب العسرة. وكانت نتائج عينات مياه الآبار على النحو التالي: درجة الحرارة، 18.417 إلى 22.567 درجة مئوية؛ الاس الهيدروجيني، 7.675 إلى 8.39، الأوكسجين المذاب، 5.6858  إلى 8.283 ملغم /لتر، العكورة، 1.200 إلى 3.225 NTU، التوصيلية الكهربائية، 456.25 إلى 2300.00 مايكروسيمينز/ سم، العسره الكلية، 259.33 إلى 1471ملغم / لتر، الاملاح الذائبة، 204.08 إلى 136 ملغم / لتر، القلوية الكلية، 204.42 إلى 435.75 ملغم/لتر، الكالسيوم، 122.67 إلى 622.08 ملغم/لتر، المغنيسيوم، 85.33 إلى 747ملغم/ لتر، كلوريد، 12.842 إلى 100.100ملغم/لتر، كبريتات، 20.450 إلى 200.833 ملغم/لتر، والنترات، 2.200 إلى 7.350ملغم/ لتر.و مؤشر جودة المياه في مناطق بكر 167.33– 183.3، كريباني 115.41–124.069، فايدة 108.44–113.07، دوميز 1 104.96–119.87، دوميز 2 109.66– 119.90 ومنطقة كرانكي 101.58– 111.35 وجمبور 99.89 –110.24 كانت أعلى من الحدود المسموح بها وفقًا لمعايير منظمة الصحة العالمية لمياه الشرب. وتراوح مؤشر جودة المياه (WQI) للعينات الـ 168 من 78.15 إلى 183.32. وتجاوزت جميع آبار كريباني وفايدة ودوميز 1 ودوميز 2 وكرانكي وجمبور قيمة مؤشر جودة المياه البالغة 100. وكانت حوالي 61.3% من عينات المياه ذات نوعية رديئة لأغراض الشرب.
Phytochemical Analysis of the Ethanol Extract of Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Leaves by UV-Vis Spectroscopy
Authors: Rusdiana Rusdiana , Widyawati Tri , Sari Dina Keumala , Widjaja Sry Suryani 
Published: April 2024

تحتوي أوراق Anredera cordifolia على مركبات كيميائية يمكن استخدامها كمضاد للسمنة.الهدف من الدراسة هو فحص مستخلص الإيثانول من الخواص الكيميائية النباتية والمضادة للسمنة لأوراق Anredera cordifolia. باستخدام مذيب الإيثانول، تم استخدام عملية النقع لاستخراج أوراق Anredera cordifolia تم التحليل الكيميائي النباتي لمستخلص الإيثانول من أوراق Anredera cordifolia كمضاد للأكسدة بسبب احتوائه على مركبات الفلافونويد والمركبات الفينولية والقلويدات والعفص. تم تحديد محتوى الفلافونويدات في المستخلصات باستخدام مقياس الطيف الضوئي UV-VIS باستخدام كيرسيتين، المذاب في الميثانول للحصول على محلول كيرسيتين بتركيز 100 جزء في المليون وتم قياس قياس الامتصاصية باستخدام مقياس الطيف الضوئي UV-Vis عند نطاق طول موجي قدره 430 نانومتر. أظهرت نتائج الاختبار الكيميائي النباتي محتوى مركبات الفلافونويد والجليكوسيدات والعفص والصابونين والمنشطات/التربينويدات، في حين لم يتم العثور على مركبات قلويدات، في حين تم تحديد مستويات الفلافونويد الكلية باستخدام أداة قياس الطيف الضوئي للأشعة فوق البنفسجية باستخدام كاشف كلوريد الألومنيوم، منحنى كيرسيتين كمعايرة (Y = 0.01762X + 0.0507، r = 0.9939) بحيث تم تحديد ذلك في مستخلص الإيثانول من أوراق Anredera cordifolia يحتوي على 14.9385 ملجم كيو إي / جرام من مركبات الفلافونويد. نستنتج انه يحتوي محتوى الفلافونويد الكبير في مستخلص أوراق Anredera cordifolia على إمكانات كمضاد للسمنة (14.9385 ملجم كيو إي / جم).
Estimation of Copula Density Using the Wavelet Transform
Authors: Falhi Fatimah Hashim , Hmood Munaf Yousif 
Published: April 2024

يقترح هذا البحث طريقة جديدة لتقدير دالة كثافة الرابطة باستخدام تحليل المويجات كطريقة لامعلمية، من أجل الحصول على نتائج أكثر دقة وخالية من مشكلة تاثيرات الحدود التي تعاني منها طرائق التقدير اللامعلمية. اذ تعد طريقة المويجات طريقة اوتماتيكية للتعامل مع تاثيرات الحدود وذلك لانها لا تأخذ بنظر الاعتبار إذا كانت السلسلة الزمنية مستقرة او غير مستقرة. ولتقدير دالة كثافة الرابطة تم استعمال المحاكاة لتوليد البيانات وباستعمال خمسة دوال رابطة مختلفة مثل Gaussian وFrank وTawn وRotation Tawn وJoe وبخمسة أحجام مختلفة للعينات عند ثلاثة مستويات ارتباط موجبة، واعتمادًا على الحلول المتعددة، أظهرت النتائج أن تقدير دالة الكثافة الرابطة بطريقة المويجات عندما يكون مستوى الارتباط كانت الرابطة Gaussian في المرتبة الأولى تليها الرابطةFrank واحتلت الرابطة Joe المرتبة الأخيرة. اما في حالة الارتباطات المتوسطة والضعيفة كانت الرابطة Tawn في المرتبة الأولى تليها الرابطة Rotation Tawn في حين جاءت Gaussian بالمرتبة الأخيرة. بالاعتماد على المعايير (Root Mean Square Error, Akiake Information Criteria, and Logarithm likelihood criteria) ، وتبين من خلال الرسم (Contour plot) والشكل ثلاثي الابعاد (3D plot) لدوال الرابطة الحقيقية. فضلا عن اشكال التمهيد لكل منها باستخدام طريقة (ECDWT)، ويتضح من خلال الاشكال الدائرية ان توزيع مشاهدات الدالة الرابطة المقدرة بطريقة (ECDWT) كان دقيقا عند الاطراف بينما كان اقل دقة عند المركز لكل من الدوال Gaussian وTawn.
Coherent linking between confocal amplitude image and confocal phase image in dual-comb microscopy
Authors: Mizuno Takahiko , Tsuda Takuya , Hase Eiji , Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Minamikawa Takeo , Yasui Takeshi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

We propose a method for integrating confocal amplitude and phase images obtained through dual-comb microscopy (DCM). DCM combines the benefits of confocal laser microscopy and quantitative phase microscopy, offering high axial resolution and scan-less imaging. By leveraging the coherence between confocal amplitude and phase images within the same DCM system, we accurately determine the number of phase wrapping iterations, thereby eliminating ambiguity in phase wrapping. We demonstrate this approach using samples with micrometer-range optical thickness and nanometer-scale surface roughness. The results demonstrate an expanded axial range, spanning from micrometers to millimeters, while maintaining nanometer-level axial resolution. This integrated DCM imaging technique enables the simultaneous acquisition of confocal amplitude image and absolute phase image, thus enhancing its potential for wide-axial-dynamic-range imaging across various applications.
Structure-Function Relationships Of Mucociliary Clearance In Human Airways
Authors: Ryan Amy , Roth Doris , Sahin Ayse Tugce , Ling Feng , Senger Christiana , Quiroz Erik , Calvert Ben , Does Anne van der , Güney Tankut , Schadewijk Annemarie van , von Schledorn Laura , Olmer Ruth , Kanso Eva , Nawroth Janna , Tepho Niels , Glasl Sarah 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Our study focuses on the intricate connection between tissue-level organization and ciliated organ function in humans, particularly in understanding the morphological organization of airways and their role in mucociliary clearance. Mucociliary clearance is a key mechanical defense mechanism of human airways, and clearance failure is associated with many respiratory diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. While single-cell transcriptomics have unveiled the cellular complexity of the human airway epithelium, our understanding of the mechanics that link epithelial structure to clearance function mainly stem from animal models. This reliance on animal data limits crucial insights into human airway barrier function and hampers the human-relevant in vitro modeling of airway diseases. This study, for the first time, maps the distribution of ciliated and secretory cell types along the airway tree in both rats and humans, noting species-specific differences in ciliary function and elucidates structural parameters of airway epithelia that predict clearance function in both native and in vitro tissues alike. By uncovering how tissue organization influences ciliary function, we can better understand disruptions in mucociliary clearance, which could have implications for various ciliated organs beyond the airways.
The Practice and Barriers of Health Information System Accountability Framework in Northwest Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Tilahun Biniyam , Endehabtu Berhanu Fikadie , Minyihun Amare , Zayede Tajebew , Nigusie Adane , Atnafu Asmamaw , Derseh Lemma , Hialemarima Tesfahun , Amare Getasew 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The government of Ethiopia has designed different initiatives for the Health Information Systems (HIS), including an information revolution transformation agenda by 2015. Various interventions and working documents have also been developed and implemented targeting the different aspects of the HIS program. However, there is no nationally designed accountability framework to govern HIS activities. Besides, how health institutions follow and monitor HIS activities is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the practice and barriers of HIS accountability framework at the selected public health institutions.
Method
A descriptive qualitative study design was employed from June 05 to July 12, 2023. Purposively selected informants from public health institutions were recruited for key informant interviews. A prepared pilot-tested semi-structured interview guide was used. The conventional content approach was used to summarize and synthesize the information explored.
Findings:
The study revealed that the participants better understood the concept and advantages of the HIS accountability framework. The participants believed the HIS accountability framework would help to govern and manage behavioral-related HIS challenges. It was indicated that the framework will help to control the recurrence of HIS errors, enhance the commitment and adherence of health professionals, and improve data handover practice, data security and privacy, data quality, informed decision, and finality quality of care. Lack of national guidelines on the HIS accountability framework, the poor culture of accountability, multiple responsibilities and workload, high staff and leadership turnover, lack of motivation, and security problems were stated barriers to implementation of the HIS accountability framework. It was suggested to create a conducive work environment, engage health professionals and other actors during the intervention development, build the skills on HIS leadership, and have the national HIS accountability framework document to implement the intervention effectively.
Conclusions
Even if there is a better understanding of the concept and advantage of the HIS accountability framework, its practice across the system is limited. It would be better to design the HIS accountability framework using a human-centered design/approach by engaging the key HIS actors and understanding their working environment.
Epidemiological characteristics and carbapenmase analysis of carbapenem- resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in a teaching hospital in Guangzhou, China, 2020–2023
Authors: Li Yiwen , Mai Ying , Liu Yingxin , Jiang Yueting 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
In this study, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) were isolated from a prestigious teaching hospital in Guangzhou between January 2020 and March 2023, meticulously examining the antimicrobial resistance patterns, carbapenemase types, and epidemiological characteristics of these isolated strains. This comprehensive analysis serves as an invaluable foundation for optimizing CRE treatment strategies and implementing robust measures to prevent and control nosocomial infections.
Methods
The antimicrobial susceptibility testing aimed to ascertain carbapenem resistance, while the production of carbapenem was assessed through rapid phenotypic identification of five major carbapenemases (KPC, NDM, VIM, IMP, and OXA-48-like) and confirmed by PCR.
Results
Among the 300 CRE strains collected from January 2020 to March 2023, Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kpn) accounted for 72.7%, Escherichia coli (CR-Eco) 12.3%, Enterobacter cloacae (CR-Ecl) 8.3%, Klebsiella aerogenes (CR-Eae) 2.3%, Citrobacter freundii (CR-Cfr) 2.0%, and others 2.3%. Among the five carbapenmase types, KPC ranked first accounting for 66.7%, followed by NDM (23.0%), OXA-48-like (0.7%), and IMP (0.7%), of which six strains of KPC and NDM were detected simultaneously. Although KPC predominated in adults and the elderly, NDM was more common in children. These CRE strains showed high resistance to most antibiotics; however, they showed high sensitivity to tigecycline and colistin.
Conclusion
CRE strains exhibited a high resistance rate of multiple antibacterial drugs, and KPC was widely prevalent in CRE strains, particularly CR-Kpn. Clinical attention should be paid to the rational use of antibacterial drugs, and CRE monitoring and hospital infection prevention and control should be continuously strengthened.
Biotic resistance at different spatial scales did not inhibit the colonization success of an exotic submerged aquatic plant.
Authors: Silveira Márcio , Harthman Vanessa de Carvalho 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The success of exotic species in different environments is affected by biotic and abiotic filters, whose effects depend on the spatial scale employed. This study tested the hypotheses that (i) native species richness and abiotic conditions explain the sucess of exotic species Hydrilla verticillata and (ii) that biological resistance to invasion provided by diversity varies at different scales. The samples were collected at 176 georeferenced points in Rosana Reservoir. In each sampling site, measurements of fetch, distance between shores, organic matter concentration and grain size at sediment, depth, Secchi disk depth, conductivity, pH, and species richness of submerged macrophytes in three different scales (small, medium and large) were taken. Our results demonstrated that the occurrence of H. verticillata was positively correlated with increase in native species richness at three scales, with no difference between scales, as well as between fetch and distance between reservoir shores. However, it responded negatively to the concentration of organic matter in the sediment and depth. The results allowed the following conclusions: (i) biotic resistance did not reduce the success of exotic invasive H. verticillata, (ii) contrary to expectations, the competition mechanism did not influence the occurrence of this species at a small scale, (iii) at the moment, abiotic factors may be more important than biotic resistance in determining the success of this species at reservoir, but this relationship may change in the future and (iv) possibly, the dominant general pattern in invasion ecology at multiple spatial scales may be one of "biotic acceptance" in certain environments.
Long-Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Treatment of Nail Psoriasis: Clinical and Ultrasonographic Assessment
Authors: El-Basiony Mohamed Ahmed Salem , El-Komy Mohamed Hussein Medhat , Samy Nevien Ahmed , Aly Dalia Gamal , El-Gendy Hala , Hassan Mohamed Fouad Abdel Salam , Sayed Hagar El , Soliman Mohamed Mohsen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Nail psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory condition which is difficult to treat, linked with greater psoriasis severity, and may be associated with anxiety and significant functional impairment of the quality of life. The 1064nm Nd:YAG laser was reported to yield satisfactory results in the treatment of nail psoriasis.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the clinical and ultrasonographic efficacy of long-pulsed 1064nm Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of fingernail psoriasis and compare its effect to control fingernails.
METHODS
This intra-patient randomized controlled trial analyzed 86 fingernails collected from 13 patients suffering from cutaneous and nail psoriasis. The nails were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated with Nd:YAG laser once monthly for three sessions while group B served as control. Assessment took place at baseline, 1 and 3 months after the last treatment session. For scoring, the 32-points target NAPSI scoring systems was used. Additionally, two blinded dermatologists’ score of improvement, patients’ pain assessment by visual analogue score and ultrasonographic assessment were all performed.
RESULTS
At the end of follow up, the medians of tNAPSI score, plate definition, matrix thickness, bed thickness and bed vascularity decreased significantly in the Nd:YAG laser treated group in comparison to baseline (p = 0.001, 0.006, 0.039, < 0.001 and 0.010, respectively). While, there was a non-significant reduction in median tNAPSI score in the control group at last follow up, however, ultrasonography recorded a significant reduction in the medians of plate definition, bed thickness and vascularity (p = 0.002, 0.011 and 0.033, respectively) from the baseline. Comparison of the Nd:YAG laser and the control groups showed no significant difference from baseline regarding the medians of tNAPSI, tNAPSI percentile improvement, pits count, blinded evaluation of photographs and ultrasonographic assessments.
CONCLUSION
Nd:YAG laser showed clinical and ultrasonographic improvement in fingernail psoriasis. Ultrasonography is a useful noninvasive tool in diagnosing and monitoring the clinical and even the subclinical changes in nail psoriasis. Nail psoriasis although difficult to treat, may show spontaneous improvement.
The Northern Rocky Mountain Front, a Pre-Contact Frontier
Authors: Lanoë François B. , Zedeño M. Nieves , Soza Danielle R. , Kuhn Steven L. , Reuther Joshua D. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The Front Ranges of the Northern Rocky Mountains formed until recently a porous boundary – a frontier – repeatedly crossed for trade, subsistence, or warfare, and where Plains and Plateau/Rockies information networks overlapped. In this paper we investigate changes in network orientations and boundaries during the pre-contact period through the lens of projectile point morphologies and raw materials, using the case study of the Billy Big Spring Site in the Blackfeet Indian Reservation, Montana. This site contains numerous points, the majority of which were recovered in chronostratigraphic context, which range from Late Paleoindian to Late Precontact. They include types and raw materials alternatively typical of the Rockies/Plateau, the Front Ranges, and/or the Plains. Variation in the projectile point record at Billy Big Spring is representative of the wider Front Ranges in which, for most of the pre-contact period, information networks overlapped and formed a porous boundary akin to that observed in the recent past. Pre-contact changes in the nature and location of this boundary can in turn be related to major environmental and demographic events that occurred in the region.
Vabip (Vaginal Biorevitalization With Polydeoxyribonucleotides) Randomized Controlled Trial for the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause
Authors: Ocampo-Godinez Juan , Loranca-Moreno Patricia , Cruz-Alcázar César , Morales Maricruz Dañino- , González-Cruz Stephany , Rios-Espinosa Alan , González-Quiroz Jose , Vazquez-Vazquez Febe , Grimaldo Lineth , Alvarez-Perez Marco , Nuñez Jael Vergara-Lope 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective: This study compares the clinical improvement of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) and the capacity of vaginal biorevitalization between the gold standard treatment based on local hormonal therapy with estrogens (ES-based therapy) versus local therapy based on salmon polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs-based therapy).
Study design: Double blinded randomized clinical trial. The colposcopist and pathologist were blinded about which patient received one treatment or another. We randomly assigned 106 postmenopausal women (aged 38-77) with GSM. The control group (n=49) received ES-based therapy with bovine estrogen cream three times weekly. The treatment group (n=57) received vaginal suppositories from PDRNs only for six days every night during the first week.
Main outcome measures: the severity of sexual and urinary problems, and the vaginal dryness using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Moreover, alteration in vaginal pH and the atrophy of vaginal epithelium.
Results: At 3 months of follow-up, the PDRNs-based therapy group presented a significantly decreased in the probability of presenting moderate-to-severe symptoms for sexual problems (OR= 0.07, CI 0.16-0.33, p<0.001), urinary problems (OR= 0.10, CI 002-0.50, p=0.004), vaginal dryness (OR= 0.17, CI 0.03-0.84, p=0.03), altered vaginal pH (pH>5) (OR= 0.20, CI 0.0.09-0.47, p<0.001) and atrophy of vaginal epithelium (OR= 0.02 CI 0.006-0.09, p<0.001) compared with the ES group. We also found a significant augmentation of intermediate cells in PDRNs-treated group (p=0.001).
Conclusion: Our data suggest that PDRNs-based local therapy can biorevitalize the vagina and improve GSM in a clinically significant manner compared to the gold standard treatment with ES-based therapy (NCT05464654).
How Visualizing Seafloor Data Improves Coastal Management Strategies
Authors: Durap Ahmet 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Bathymetry, the measurement of underwater depth, is crucial for informed coastal management. This study highlights the value of bathymetric data in coastal planning, decision-making, and the understanding of dynamic coastal processes. Its insights are essential for the sustainable management of marine environments. Natural coastal hazards, e.g., storm surges, earthquake, coastal landslides, tsunami, sea level rise, erosion, tracking pollutant movement, rip currents, could be evaluated, and zoning plans for such areas can be made with the use of this information. Bathymetry information is also useful for studying sediment transport, coastal change, and man-made impacts on the ocean. Thus, sustainable development and the protection of coastal resources need the use of bathymetry data in coastal management. Our research on bathymetric data visualization extends its applications beyond flooding, benefiting fields including fisheries, infrastructure planning, offshore energy, erosion control, coastal flow slides (coastal landslide), thereby paving the way for sustainable coastal development. This innovative approach contributes to global coastal sustainability efforts, combining engineering solutions with both human and marine conversation-centric perspective for effective decision-making. By integrating environmental and human concerns, this approach empowers informed decision-making, contributing to a future where thriving ecosystems and human progress coexist along our precious coastlines.
Efficacy and safety of a serious-game-like digital therapy intervention for Chinese ADHD children: a pilot study
Authors: Feng Shang , Bao Mengyi , Wang Jiaheng , Ye Jia , Wang Jiangping , Li Wenyu , Jiang Kewen , Yao Lin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: The digital therapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) based on “self-adaptive multitasking training paradigm” has been developed to improve the cognitive functional impairments and attention deficits of ADHD children. However, the efficacy and safety of such treatment for Chinese patients remain untested.
Objective: This is a single-arm, open-label efficacy and safety study of “Attention Enhancement Training Software” (ADHD-DTx), an video-game-based digital therapy for Chinese ADHD children aged 6-12 years.
Methods: A total of 97 participants were included in the analysis. Participants received digital therapy (ADHD-DTx) and basic behavioral parent training for 4 weeks (25 min/day, ≥ 5 times/week) without medication. The efficacy outcomes included TOVA (Test of Variables of Attention), SNAP-IV, Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS), and Conner’s Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ). Safety-related events were monitored during and after the trial.
Results: From Day 0 (baseline) to Day 28, the population TOVA API (Attention Performance Index) exhibited statistically significant improvement (from -4.15±0.32 to -1.70±0.30, p = 7.20×10-14); the population AD/HD/ODD scores of SNAP-IV all significantly improved (AD: from 1.71±0.06 to 1.44±0.06, p = 2.42×10-5; HD: from 1.38±0.07 to 1.05±0.06, p = 4.21×10-8; ODD: 0.84±0.05 to 0.75±0.05, p = 0.014); several domains of WFIRS and PSQ exhibited significant improvements (p < 0.05). Further analysis revealed Responder-Rates of 54.64% in total, 32.99% for AD, 35.05% for HD, and 22.68% for ODD symptoms, respectively.
Conclusion: This study preliminarily suggested the significant improvements of ADHD symptoms and attention function after 4 weeks digital therapy using ADHD-DTx, with satisfying safety outcomes.