bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: A potential late consequence of respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis
Authors: Snow Ayelet , Dayyat Ehab , Montgomery‐Downs Hawley E. , Kheirandish‐Gozal Leila , Gozal David 
Published: November 2009

AbstractStudy ObjectivesTo examine the hypothesis that children who suffered from severe respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis during infancy may be at higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) later in childhood.MethodsSurvey of Kosair Children's Hospital medical records allowed for identification of potential candidates for the study. Twenty‐one randomly selected children (mean age ± SD: 5.2 ± 1.5 years) with a history of verified RSV‐induced bronchiolitis during their first year of life underwent overnight sleep study (NPSG). Children recruited from the general population with no history of RSV bronchiolitis served as a control group. After matching for age, gender, ethnicity, gestational age at birth, body mass index (BMI) z scores, household cigarette smoking, history of asthma and allergies, 63 control subjects (mean age ± SD: 5.1 ± 0.7 years) were also studied.ResultsChildren who had RSV bronchiolitis as infants had significantly higher obstructive apnea/hypopnea index compared to controls (2.3 ± 1.9 vs. 0.6 ± 0.8 /hr total sleep time (TST); P < 0.05). In addition, significantly higher respiratory arousal indices were apparent among children with previous RSV bronchiolitis compared to controls (1.3 ± 1.0 vs. 0.1 ± 0.2 /hr TST; P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the groups in the lowest SpO2, ETCO2, and sleep indices.ConclusionsRSV bronchiolitis may contribute to the pathophysiology of OSA in vulnerable children. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:1186–1191. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Long‐term pulmonary outcome after meconium ileus in cystic fibrosis
Authors: Kappler Matthias , Feilcke Maria , Schröter Christian , Kraxner Angelika , Griese Matthias 
Published: November 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo identify cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with a history of meconium ileus (MI) and to compare long‐term outcome of these patients with CF patients without MI.Patients370 CF patients who were treated at the Munich CF centre in 2006, mean age 17.1 years (range: 0–48), were classified with regard to a history of MI.MethodsRetrospective chart analysis regarding history of MI, age, and lung function and first detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the primary outcome variables.ResultsWe identified 60 patients with MI (16.2% of all patients with a mean age of 16.2 ± 9 years (0–41) who did not differ in age from patients without MI (17.3 ± 10; 0–48), whereas the mean age of CF diagnosis was different (0.4 vs. 21.8 months, P < 0.001). Cross sectional analysis of best Forced expiratory volume (FEV% predicted) in 2006 was not different between patients with MI (89 ± 23%, 17–134) and those without (88 ± 27%, 21–148, P = 0.73). Longitudinal analysis using FEV1 values of more than 9,000 lung function tests also showed no difference in FEV1 although first detection of P. aeruginosa in patients with MI was significantly earlier.ConclusionMI was associated with hospitalization, surgery, and early infection with P. aeruginosa. However, the long‐term outcome of CF patients with or without MI was the same. This finding might be explained by the considerably earlier CF diagnosis in CF patients with MI including the benefit of an early initiation of appropriate CF therapy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:1201–1206. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tonsillar size in 2‐ to 14‐year‐old children with and without snoring
Authors: Kaditis Athanasios G. , Lianou Loukia , Hatzinikolaou Souzana , Kalampouka Efthimia , Gartagani‐Panayiotopoulou Polytimi , Zintzaras Elias , Chrousos George 
Published: November 2009

AbstractBackgroundFew investigations have assessed tonsillar size in children of variable age, sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) status and degree of adiposity. This study evaluated the size of tonsils in young and older, lean and obese children, without or with snoring.MethodsChildren attending the Emergency Department or Pulmonology Clinic were recruited and tonsillar size was scored 1–4. Snoring ≥1 night/week was considered diagnostic of SDB and body mass index z‐score ≥1.645 was defined as obesity. Age was analyzed as dichotomous variable (≤7 years old vs. >7 years old).Results362 children (2–14 years old) were recruited; 78 (21.5%) were obese and 108 (29.8%) had SDB. SDB—but not age or obesity—was significantly related to tonsillar size (P = 0.001). There was not enough evidence to support the presence of interactions between SDB and age or obesity regarding the size of tonsils (P = 0.157 and P = 0.978, respectively). Young subjects without SDB had larger tonsils than older subjects without SDB (1.9 ± 0.7 vs. 1.7 ± 0.8; P = 0.017), whereas age did not affect tonsillar size in children with SDB (P = 0.78).ConclusionsYoung and older children with SDB have similar tonsillar size. In contrast, older subjects without snoring have smaller tonsils than young subjects without snoring. Tonsillar enlargement in children with SDB probably occurs in early childhood without change in older age. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:1216–1222. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mediastinal gastroenteric cyst in a neonate containing respiratory‐type epithelium and pancreatic tissue
Authors: Anagnostou Eleftherios , Soubasi Vasiliki , Agakidou Eleni , Papakonstantinou Christos , Antonitsis Nikolaos , Leontsini Maria 
Published: November 2009

AbstractMediastinal gastroenteric cyst is an uncommon congenital malformation and a distinct histopathological entity within the family of foregut duplication cysts. This lesion is mainly encountered in neonates and infants. Histologically, it is characterized by double‐layered smooth muscle wall and gastric lining mucosa. We report on a case of a 2‐day‐old girl, with a posterior mediastinal cystic mass associated with T3–T4 hemivertebrae, presenting with severe respiratory distress. The cyst was multilocular, surgically removed, and histopathologic analysis revealed that it was of gastroenteric type. However, in numerous areas of the lesion, respiratory‐type epithelium was observed, as well as pancreatic tissue. After removal of the lesion the patient made an uneventful recovery and shows no signs of long‐term pulmonary sequelae. We failed to demonstrate in the available literature the presence of this variable epithelial lining within a single mediastinal foregut cyst. In addition, pancreatic tissue within an intrathoracic enteric cyst has been reported only twice. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:1240–1243. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Theoretical phonon dispersions in monolayers and multilayers of hexagonal boron‐nitride
Authors: Michel K. H. , Verberck B. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractStarting from an empirical force constant model of valence interactions and calculating by Ewald's method the electrostatic force constants, we derive the dynamical matrix for a monolayer and for multilayer systems of hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN). Solution of the secular problem leads to the corresponding phonon dispersion relations. The interplay between valence forces and Coulomb forces is discussed. A comparison with previous results on graphene and graphene multilayers is made. Our spectra on the h‐BN monolayer are rather similar to previous ab initio theory results. Comparison is also made with Raman and infrared experimental results.
Study of the role of Fe based catalysts on the growth of B‐doped SWCNTs synthesized by CVD
Authors: Daothong S. , Parjanne J. , Kauppinen E. I. , Valkeapää M. , Pichler T. , Singjai P. , Ayala P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAlthough boron doped multi‐walled nanotubes have been synthesized by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods, the synthesis of single‐walled species was achieved only recently. In comparison to their carbon counterparts synthesized by similar methods, these nanotubes grow in relatively low amounts due to several experimental difficulties. On the other hand, the use of iron containing catalysts supported in porous materials is one of the most efficient ways to produce single walled pristine carbon nanotubes and several methods have been proposed to enhance this growth. In this contribution we have studied the possibilities to enhance the growth of boron doped single‐walled nanotubes using a triisopropyl borate non‐diluted precursor in a high‐vacuum CVD system. The catalyst composition and pretreatment, as well as the precursor‐feed have been studied in detail. An additional study of the Raman response our material has been made in order to prove the implicit changes with electrons and phonons upon doping.
Structural perfection of InGaN layers and its relation to photoluminescence
Authors: Liliental‐Weber Z. , Yu K. M. , Hawkridge M. , Bedair S. , Berman A.E. , Emara A. , Khanal D. R. , Wu J. , Domagala J. , Bak‐Misiuk J. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe relation between structural perfection and optical properties of InGaN with 10% In are discussed. Transmission Electron Microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry measurements show that only strained layers with a thickness not exceeding 100 nm are defect free and In concentration is lower than the nominal value. Extension of layer thickness leads to layer sequestration into sublayers with different In contents and the formation of planar defects as a result of layer relaxation. In concentration in such sublayers reach and in some cases exceed the nominal concentration. A single band edge photoluminescence peak is observed only for the thinnest layer. Samples with larger film thickness showed multiple PL peaks corresponding to layers with different In content. Much higher In content would be required to explain the presence of some PL peaks, suggesting that some PL peaks originate from the defective areas of the film. This was confirmed by cathodoluminescence studies performed on the same samples used earlier for TEM studies. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Three‐Dimensional Quantitative Structure‐Activity Relationship Study of Antitumor 2‐Formylpyridine Thiosemicarbazones Derivatives as Inhibitors of Ribonucleotide Reductase
Authors: Ishiki Hamilton Mitsugu , do Amaral Antonia T. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractIn order to extend previous SAR and QSAR studies, 3D‐QSAR analysis has been performed using CoMFA and CoMSIA approaches applied to a set of 39 α‐(N)‐heterocyclic carboxaldehydes thiosemicarbazones with their inhibitory activity values (IC50) evaluated against ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) of H.Ep.‐2 cells (human epidermoid carcinoma), taken from selected literature. Both rigid and field alignment methods, taking the unsubstituted 2‐formylpyridine thiosemicarbazone in its syn conformation as template, have been used to generate multiple predictive CoMFA and CoMSIA models derived from training sets and validated with the corresponding test sets. Acceptable predictive correlation coefficients (Q$\rm{ {_{cv}^{2}}}$ from 0.360 to 0.609 for CoMFA and Q$\rm{ {_{cv}^{2}}}$ from 0.394 to 0.580 for CoMSIA models) with high fitted correlation coefficients (r2 from 0.881 to 0.981 for CoMFA and r2 from 0.938 to 0.993 for CoMSIA models) and low standard errors (s from 0.135 to 0.383 for CoMFA and s from 0.098 to 0.240 for CoMSIA models) were obtained. More precise CoMFA and CoMSIA models have been derived considering the subset of thiosemicarbazones (TSC) substituted only at 5‐position of the pyridine ring (n=22). Reasonable predictive correlation coefficients (Q$\rm{ {_{cv}^{2}}}$ from 0.486 to 0.683 for CoMFA and Q$\rm{ {_{cv}^{2}}}$ from 0.565 to 0.791 for CoMSIA models) with high fitted correlation coefficients (r2 from 0.896 to 0.997 for CoMFA and r2 from 0.991 to 0.998 for CoMSIA models) and very low standard errors (s from 0.040 to 0.179 for CoMFA and s from 0.029 to 0.068 for CoMSIA models) were obtained. The stability of each CoMFA and CoMSIA models was further assessed by performing bootstrapping analysis. For the two sets the generated CoMSIA models showed, in general, better statistics than the corresponding CoMFA models. The analysis of CoMFA and CoMSIA contour maps suggest that a hydrogen bond acceptor near the nitrogen of the pyridine ring can enhance inhibitory activity values. This observation agrees with literature data, which suggests that the nitrogen pyridine lone pairs can complex with the iron ion leading to species that inhibits RNR. The derived CoMFA and CoMSIA models contribute to understand the structural features of this class of TSC as antitumor agents in terms of steric, electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrogen bond donor and hydrogen bond acceptor fields as well as to the rational design of this key enzyme inhibitors.
Vertices of given degree in series‐parallel graphs
Authors: Drmota Michael , Giménez Omer , Noy Marc 
Published: November 2009

AbstractWe show that the numbers of vertices of a given degree k ≥ 1 in several kinds of series‐parallel labeled graphs of size n satisfy a central limit theorem with mean and variance proportional to n, and quadratic exponential tail estimates. We further prove a corresponding theorem for the number of nodes of degree two in labeled planar graphs. The proof method is based on generating functions and singularity analysis. In particular, we need systems of equations for multivariate generating functions and transfer results for singular representations of analytic functions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2010
Smart Magnetic Fluorescent Nanoparticle Imaging Probes to Monitor MicroRNAs
Authors: Hwang Do Won , Song In Chan , Lee Dong Soo , Kim Soonhag 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAn imaging system that can be used to evaluate the expression levels of microRNAs during neuronal development can provide noninvasive information for investigating a variety of biological phenomena related to microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). Herein, the development of a novel imaging platform to monitor intracellular miR124a during neuronal differentiation is reported using rhodamine‐coated cobalt ferrite magnetic fluorescent (MF) nanoparticles linked to a quenching molecular system containing an miR124a binding sequence (MF‐miR124a beacon). During neuronal differentiation, in vitro fluorescence signals of the MF‐miR124a beacon are significantly increased under conditions where miR124a is highly expressed, and dramatically return to the original quenched fluorescence after anti‐miR124a treatment. In vivo fluorescence images show enhanced fluorescence signals in mice with P19 cells within a poly‐L‐lactic acid scaffold after induction of neuronal differentiation. In addition, magnetic resonance (MR) images provide in vivo tracking of cells containing the MF‐miR124a beacon. These studies represent the first step toward the use of nanotechnological imaging of mature miRNA, and this technique could be used for cellular tracking with a MR imaging system as well as for simultaneous monitoring of the miRNA expression pattern in vivo.
Transplantation of Embryonic Neural Stem/Precursor Cells Overexpressing BM88/Cend1 Enhances the Generation of Neuronal Cells in the Injured Mouse Cortex
Authors: Makri Georgia , Lavdas Alexandros A. , Katsimpardi Lida , Charneau Pierre , Thomaidou Dimitra , Matsas Rebecca 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The intrinsic inability of the central nervous system to efficiently repair traumatic injuries renders transplantation of neural stem/precursor cells (NPCs) a promising approach towards repair of brain lesions. In this study, NPCs derived from embryonic day 14.5 mouse cortex were genetically modified via transduction with a lentiviral vector to overexpress the neuronal lineage-specific regulator BM88/Cend1 that coordinates cell cycle exit and differentiation of neuronal precursors. BM88/Cend1-overexpressing NPCs exhibiting enhanced differentiation into neurons in vitro were transplanted in a mouse model of acute cortical injury and analyzed in comparison with control NPCs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that a smaller proportion of BM88/Cend1-overexpressing NPCs, as compared with control NPCs, expressed the neural stem cell marker nestin 1 day after transplantation, while the percentage of nestin-positive cells was significantly reduced thereafter in both types of cells, being almost extinct 1 week post-grafting. Both types of cells did not proliferate up to 4 weeks in vivo, thus minimizing the risk of tumorigenesis. In comparison with control NPCs, Cend1-overexpressing NPCs generated more neurons and less glial cells 1 month after transplantation in the lesioned cortex whereas the majority of graft-derived neurons were identified as GABAergic interneurons. Furthermore, transplantation of Cend1-overexpressing NPCs resulted in a marked reduction of astrogliosis around the lesioned area as compared to grafts of control NPCs. Our results suggest that transplantation of Cend1-overexpressing NPCs exerts beneficial effects on tissue regeneration by enhancing the number of generated neurons and restricting the formation of astroglial scar, in a mouse model of cortical brain injury.
Some enzymatic/nonenzymatic antioxidants as potential stress biomarkers of trichloroethylene, heavy metal mixture, and ethyl alcohol in rat tissues
Authors: Tabrez Shams , Ahmad Masood 
Published: November 2009

AbstractEnzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants serve as an important biological defense against environmental pollutants. Various enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants as a stress biomarker in liver and kidney of rat were investigated. The antioxidant enzymes that were analyzed included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), and glutathione peroxidase. Levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), as well as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were also measured in homogenates of the liver and kidney of the treated animals to determine oxidative stress induced by trichloroethylene (TCE), ethyl alcohol, and heavy metal mixture (H.M.M) individually and in different combinations. An increase up to the extent of 382% in malonaldehyde, a marker of LPO, was recorded in almost all the treatment groups in both the tissues. Similarly, a rise of 218% in GST activity was also recorded in kidney of TCE‐treated animals. Although H.M.M ingestion resulted in significant change of 125% in SOD activity of hepatic tissue, the level of GR was increased by 93% in the renal tissue of the exposed rats. Solitary dose of alcohol in general did not show a significant change. Moreover, the changes in the levels of antioxidants were much more prominent when these toxicants were given in combination rather than alone. Overall, these results demonstrate the changes in the levels of antioxidant enzymes and GSH system, as well as alterations in the LPO and H2O2 levels as a result of test toxicants. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2010.
Solvothermal Synthesis of Ternary Sulfides of Sb2 − xBi
x
S3(x = 0.4, 1) with 3D Flower-Like Architectures
Authors: Sun Jiquan , Shen Xiaoping , Guo Lijun , Wang Guoxiu , Park Jinsoo , Wang Kun 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Flower-like nanostructures of Sb2 − x
Bi
x
S3(x = 0.4, 1.0) were successfully prepared using both antimony diethyldithiocarbamate [Sb(DDTC)3] and bismuth diethyldithiocarbamate [Bi(DDTC)3] as precursors under solvothermal conditions at 180 °C. The prepared Sb2 − x
Bi
x
S3 with flower-like 3D architectures were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The flower-like architectures, with an average diameter of ~4 μm, were composed of single-crystalline nanorods with orthorhombic structures. The optical absorption properties of the Sb2 − x
Bi
x
S3 nanostructures were investigated by UV–Visible spectroscopy, and the results indicate that the Sb2 − x
Bi
x
S3 compounds are semiconducting with direct band gaps of 1.32 and 1.30 eV for x = 0.4 and 1.0, respectively. On the basis of the experimental results, a possible growth mechanism for the flower-like Sb2 − x
Bi
x
S3 nanostructures is suggested.
Combined Treatment with Dif1stat® and Diet Reduce Plasma Lipid Indicators of Moderate Hypercholesterolemia More Effectively than Diet Alone: A Randomized Trial in Parallel Groups
Authors: Stefanutti Claudia , Mazza Fabio , Vivenzio Antonio , Di Giacomo Serafina , Perrone Giuseppina , Serra Mariarosaria , Bucci Antonello 
Published: November 2009

AbstractAn open‐labeled randomized trial with parallel groups was carried out to study the effects of Dif1stat® (Monascus purpureus–Linear aliphatic alcohols–Niacin) in the treatment of primary moderate hypercholesterolemia. The trial lasted 8 months. The patients, males and females, were assigned to two groups: A (#130), treated with diet, and B (#110) submitted to diet + Dif1stat®. After 4 months, group A did not show significant changes in Total cholesterol (TC), LDL‐cholesterol (LDLC), HDL‐cholesterol (HDLC) or non‐HDL‐cholesterol (non‐HDLC). The same group, showed a reduction in TC (–22%), LDLC (–30%) and non‐HDLC (–27%) after 8 months (P ≤ 0.001). After 4 months, TC (–21.3%), LDLC (–29%), and non‐HDLC (–26%) were significantly lowered in group B (P ≤ 0.001). In group B, TC, LDLC and non‐HDLC showed a further reduction after 8 months: –29.4, –38 and –37%, respectively (P ≤ 0.001). Even triglycerides (TG) decreased significantly (–33%) (P ≤ 0.001). After 8 months, group B showed a significant reduction of TG (–33%) (P ≤ 0.001), when compared to group A. Some safety parameters were significantly reduced in both groups: AST and γ‐GT in group A after 4 and 8 months, as well as ALT, AST and γ‐GT in group B after 8 months (P ≤ 0.001). Dif1stat®, given with a suitable diet, was well tolerated in the long‐term and induced an anti‐atherogenic plasma lipid and lipoprotein profile, in patients with moderate hypercholesterolemia.