bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Otolaryngologists' perceptions of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis
Authors: Longhini Anthony B. , Branstetter Barton F. , Ferguson Berrylin J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) is a common cause of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS); however, the condition is infrequently mentioned in recent rhinosinusitis guidelines and often overlooked as a cause of sinusitis by otolaryngologists, dentists, and radiologists. The goal of this survey is to assess otolaryngologists' perceptions of the incidence, diagnosis, and treatment of OMS.Study Design:Physician survey.Methods:Ninety‐three board certified otolaryngologists in the United States completed a 17‐question survey on etiologies of CRS, which also included questions on alternative diagnoses and radiologic findings to reduce respondent bias toward the survey's focus on odontogenic sinusitis. Results were compared between self‐reported general otolaryngologists and rhinologists.Results:Both groups recognized an odontogenic source as a common cause of maxillary sinusitis and reported treating an average of 2.9 patients per year with OMS who were initially misdiagnosed. Most otolaryngologists surveyed perceived radiologists to never or rarely report on dental pathology in their sinus computed tomography (CT) interpretation.Conclusions:Both general otolaryngologists and rhinologists recognize odontogenic sinusitis is common, although often initially misdiagnosed. With increasing awareness of OMS, we believe that otolaryngologists and radiologists will review sinus CT scans for the presence of periapical abscesses and dental pathology. The otolaryngologist should suspect an odontogenic etiology of purulent maxillary CRS in patients failing to improve with antibiotics, regardless of a negative dental workup.
Long‐Chain Branched Poly(Lactide)s Based on Polycondensation of AB2‐type Macromonomers
Authors: Fischer Anna M. , Wolf Florian K. , Frey Holger 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA series of long‐chain branched poly(d‐/l‐lactide)s is synthesized in a two‐step protocol by (1) ring‐opening polymerization of lactide and (2) subsequent condensation of the preformed AB2 macromonomers promoted by different coupling reagents. The linear AB2 macromonomers are prepared by Sn(Oct)2‐catalyzed ROP of D‐ and L‐lactide with 2,2‐bis(hydroxymethyl)butyric acid (BHB) as an initiator. Optimization of the polymerization conditions allows for the preparation of well‐defined macromonomers (Mw/Mn = 1.09–1.30) with adjustable molecular weights (760–7200 g mol−1). The two‐step approach of the synthesis comprises as well the coupling of these AB2 macromonomers and hence allows precise control over the lactide chain length between the branching units in contrast to a random polycondensation.
Preparation of Microporous Polymers Based on 1,3,5‐Triazine Units Showing High CO2 Adsorption Capacity
Authors: Lim Ho , Cha Min Chul , Chang Ji Young 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMicroporous polymers based on 1,3,5‐triazine units are prepared by Friedel‐Crafts reaction of 2,4,6‐trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine with aromatic compounds. 2,4,6‐Trichloro‐1,3,5‐triazine is polymerized with benzene, biphenyl, and terphenyl in dichloromethane in the presence of aluminum chloride. The surface areas of the polymers are in the range of 558 to 1266 m2 g−1, depending on the aromatic linker length. At ambient pressure and temperature, the polymers exhibit high CO2 uptakes of 38–51 cm3 g−1. The CO2 uptake is significantly enhanced by 70–90% for the polymers carbonized at 400 °C for 1 h and at 800 °C for an additional 1 h under nitrogen. This result suggests that rigid microporous polymers can be used as precursor polymers for the synthesis of advanced porous carbon materials without the activation process.
Visible Light‐Induced Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Tasdelen Mehmet Atilla , Ciftci Mustafa , Yagci Yusuf 
Published: May 2012

AbstractVisible light‐induced reverse and simultaneous reverse and normal initiation (SR&NI) atom transfer radical polymerizations of vinyl monomers are examined using various dyes and type I photoinitiators. The effect of photoinitiator types on the control of molecular weight and distribution is described. In both dye and type I photoinitiator sensitized SR&NI ATRP systems, the molecular weights increase linearly with conversion. However, the experimental molecular weights are considerably higher than the theoretical values and the polymers show broad‐molecular‐weight distributions ranging from 1.28 to 1.60 in the dye‐sensitized SR&NI ATRP. However, the polymers obtained by SR&NI ATRP using type I photoinitiator system had molecular weight values close to the theoretical ones and very narrow‐molecular‐weight distributions ranging from 1.11–1.18.
Inhibition of epstein‐barr virus reactivation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by dietary sulforaphane
Authors: Wu Chung‐Chun , Chuang Hsin‐Ying , Lin Chao‐Yi , Chen Yen‐Ju , Tsai Wan‐Hua , Fang Chih‐Yeu , Huang Sheng‐Yen , Chuang Fu‐Yang , Lin Su‐Fang , Chang Yao , Chen Jen‐Yang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractEpstein‐Barr virus (EBV) has been associated with several human malignancies including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Reactivation of latent EBV has been considered to contribute to the carcingenesis of NPC. Blocking the EBV lytic cycle has been shown effective in the treatment of EBV‐associated diseases. We have searched for natural dietary compounds inhibiting EBV reactivation in NPC cells. Among them, sulforaphane (SFN) was found to be effective in the inhibition of EBV reactivation in latent EBV‐positive NPC cells, NA and HA. SFN is a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor and has been recognized as an antioxidant and antitumor compound for chemoprevention. However, its antiviral effect is less well elucidated. In this study, after determination of the cytotocixity of SFN on various epithelial cells, we showed that SFN treatment inhibits EBV reactivation, rather than induction, by detection of EBV lytic gene expression in EBV‐positive NPC cells. We also determined that the number of cells supporting the EBV lytic cycle is decreased using immunofluorescence and flow cytometric analysis. Moreover, we have found that this inhibitory effect decreases virus production. To elucidate the inhibitory mechanism of SFN on the EBV lytic cycle, luciferase reporter assays were carried out on the Zta and Rta promoters. The results show that SFN inhibits transactivation activity of the EBV immediate‐early gene Rta but not Zta. Together, our results suggest that SFN has the capability to inhibit EBV lytic cycle and the potential to be taken as a dietary compound for prevention of EBV reactivation. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retracted: Measuring the impact of commercialism, community expectation and consensus in the development of ‘common’ and ‘agreed’ values from the perspective of a member‐based medical organisation
Authors: Grebe Sasha Karl 
Published: May 2012

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the experience of a not‐for‐profit (NFP) organisation, the Royal Australasian College of Physicians, as an example of an NFP organisation seeking to develop an ‘agreed’ and ‘common’ set of core corporate/organisational values.Design/methodology/approachThe main approach is examine the values development process of the College against the organisational values measures of commercialism, community expectation and consensus and what impact these had on the process.FindingsThe finding of the research collected during the development process and the evaluation of the final set of values against the measures highlights the unique challenges that NFP organisations can experience in developing ‘common’ and ‘agreed’ core corporate organisational values.Research limitations/implicationsThe research includes qualitative and quantitative research using interviews and surveys of the members of the organisation (the Fellows), the employees of the College and a sample of key external stakeholders.Practical implicationsThe case study of the College provides guidance for organisations seeking to undertake a values development process, and the research contributes to the theory of internal communication and organisational development.Originality/valueThis paper uses the unique insights of a case study to provide practical guidance for practitioners on organisational values and their development, especially in the NFP sector. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Survey‐Based Measurement of Public Management and Policy Networks
Authors: Henry Adam Douglas , Lubell Mark , McCoy Michael 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNetworks have become a central concept in the policy and public management literature; however, theoretical development is hindered by a lack of attention to the empirical properties of network measurement methods. This paper compares three survey‐based methods for measuring organizational networks: the roster, the free‐recall name generator, and a hybrid name generator that combines these two classic approaches. Results indicate that the roster and free‐recall name generator methods both suffer from important limitations. The roster method tends to measure many linkages among a limited set of network actors, whereas the name generator tends to measure fewer linkages among a larger set of network actors. Using survey data on policy networks within California regional planning processes (N = 752), we find that the hybrid method strikes an effective balance between these techniques. The hybrid approach performs well in terms of identifying a large number of network actors and interconnections between them. Although no survey‐based measurement technique is perfect, this study suggests that the hybrid name generator is an excellent alternative for the measurement of complex networks with large or shifting boundaries that encompass a diverse set of actors.
Leukocytes from wheezing infants release lower amounts of IL‐12 and IFN‐γ compared to non‐wheezing infants
Authors: Falcai Angela , Pereira Paulo Vítor Soeiro , Kubo Christina Arslanian , Rullo Vera , Errante Paolo Rugero , Solé Dirceu , Condino‐Neto Antonio 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated environmental endotoxin exposure during early life, sensitization to aeroallergens, the production of cytokines by LPS‐stimulated leukocytes, and the development of a wheezing phenotype in a prospective cohort of infants with high risk of developing allergic diseases.Materials and MethodsEighty‐four infants were followed from birth until 30 months of age. We assessed endotoxin concentration in house dust of their homes during the first 6 months of life. At age 30 months they were clinically evaluated to determine the development of wheezing and other clinical events, were skin prick tested, and had blood samples collected for the evaluation of cytokine release by LPS‐stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC).ResultsThe level of endotoxin exposure during early life was not associated with development of a wheezing phenotype. On the other hand a higher incidence of respiratory infections occurred among recurrent wheezing (RW) infants. PBMC from RW children exposed to higher levels of environmental endotoxin (above 50 EU/mg) released less Interleukin (IL)‐12p70 and IFN‐γ compared to the non‐RW group. TNF‐α, IL‐10, IL‐4, IL‐5, and IL17 production by LPS‐stimulated PBMC from RW and non‐RW children was equivalent in both groups of environmental endotoxin exposure.ConclusionIn this prospective cohort of infants with high risk of developing allergic diseases we observed that RW and non‐RW children were exposed to similar levels of endotoxin early in life. LPS‐stimulated PBMC from RW infants exposed to higher levels of endotoxin released significantly less IL‐12 and IFN‐γ compared to non‐RW infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012. 47:1054–1060. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of serum and plasma identifies differences in molecular coverage, measurement variability, and candidate biomarker selection
Authors: Alsaif Murtada , Guest Paul C. , Schwarz Emanuel , Reif Andreas , Kittel‐Schneider Sarah , Spain Michael , Rahmoune Hassan , Bahn Sabine 
Published: May 2012

PurposeTo compare the use of serum and plasma in multiplex immunoassay analyses of 190 proteins and small molecules, and associated molecular pathways. We also tested whether differences between these biofluids can influence the identification of potential biomarkers in a preliminary study comparing bipolar disorder patients with controls.Experimental designUsing multiplexed immunoassay analyses, we compared the measurement levels and interindividual variation of 190 proteins and small molecules between serum and plasma collected from 21 healthy individuals. We exemplify how this can impact on the outcome of biomarker discovery studies using a case study of 24 patients with bipolar disorder.ResultsDetection of analytes was similar for serum and plasma, although there were marked differences in measurement variability for 29 proteins and cortisol. When considering the disease cohort we identified six proteins that changed significantly in serum and ten in plasma with an overlap of two proteins.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIn spite of the similarities of coverage on a multiplexed platform for serum and plasma, there were important differences in interindividual variability, which can have significant impact on identifications made in biomarker studies.
Precursor ion exclusion for enhanced identification of plasma biomarkers
Authors: Wu Wells W. , Shen Rong‐Fong , Park Sung‐Soo , Martin Bronwen , Maudsley Stuart 
Published: May 2012

PurposeOur study aims to establish a plasma biomarker analysis workflow, with fewer fractionation steps, for enhanced identification of plasma biomarkers by precursor ion exclusion (PIE).Experimental designPlasma samples were depleted for highly abundant proteins, then further fractionated by molecular weight (MW), before trypsinization for LTQ‐Orbitrap mass analysis. Data‐dependent acquisition (DDA) was used for baseline analysis. PIE involves the re‐injection of samples with exclusion of the previously identified peptides. We compared analyses using multiple PIE iterations, compared to DDA, for plasma interrogationResultsA higher percentage of unique plasma peptides was identified with PIE, compared to DDA. The first PIE iteration reveals an increase of 75–112% more peptides than the DDA method alone. PIE can interrogate complex plasma samples with the percentage of peptides identified successively increasing with even ≥4 iterations. The total number of peptides identified increases rapidly across the first three PIE iterations and then continues more slowly up to nine iterations.Conclusions and clinical relevanceIterative injections with PIE resulted in many more peptide identifications in plasma samples of varying degrees of complexity, compared to re‐injections using similar DDA parameters. PIE methods may therefore expand our ability to recover plasma peptides for plasma biomarker discovery.
Angiotensin‐(1‐7) reduces proliferation and angiogenesis of human prostate cancer xenografts with a decrease in angiogenic factors and an increase in sFlt‐1
Authors: Krishnan Bhavani , Torti Frank M. , Gallagher Patricia E. , Tallant E. Ann 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDProstate cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy and the second‐leading cause of cancer death in men. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti‐proliferative and anti‐angiogenic efficacy of angiotensin‐(1‐7) [Ang‐(1‐7)], an endogenous peptide hormone, in human prostate cancer xenografts.METHODSHuman LNCaP prostate cancer cells were injected into the flank of athymic mice and tumors were treated with Ang‐(1‐7) for 54 days. Tumor growth and angiogenesis were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot hybridization.RESULTSAng‐(1‐7) markedly reduced the volume and wet weight of LNCaP xenograft tumors. Histological analysis of tumor sections from saline‐treated mice showed increased Ki67 immunoreactivity and enhanced phosphorylation of the MAP kinases ERK1/2 compared to tumors from Ang‐(1‐7)‐treated mice, suggesting that the heptapeptide reduces cell proliferation. Intratumoral vessel density was decreased in Ang‐(1‐7)‐treated mice with an associated reduction in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF), suggesting that the heptapeptide attenuates vascularization by reducing angiogenic factors. Ang‐(1‐7) administration markedly increased the soluble fraction of VEGF receptor 1 (sFlt‐1), with a concomitant reduction in VEGF receptors 1 and 2. sFlt‐1 serves as a decoy receptor that traps VEGF and PlGF, making the ligands unavailable to membrane‐bound VEGF receptors and preventing activation of pro‐angiogenic signaling.CONCLUSIONSThe decrease in PlGF and VEGF coupled with the increase in sFlt‐1 suggests that Ang‐(1‐7) may serve as a novel anti‐angiogenic therapy for prostate cancer. Further, the pleiotropic mechanisms of action by Ang‐(1‐7) may limit angiogenic resistance that occurs with VEGF inhibitors or receptor blockers. Prostate 73: 60–70, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Preliminary investigations on auxetic structures based on recycled rubber
Authors: Silva Thaís A. A. , Panzera Túlio H. , Brandão Lincoln C. , Lauro Carlos H. , Boba Katarzyna , Scarpa Fabrizio 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe growing demand for tyres in transport industry provides a negative impact on the environment, due to the problems related to recycling and disposal of the rubber waste. However, adding waste tyres as a dispersive phase in polymeric composites has shown high toughness and moderate increase of mechanical strength within the composites. In this work, we investigate the use of recycled rubber core to manufacture auxetic (re‐entrant) honeycomb structures. The re‐entarnt honeycombs produced are evaluated using finite element analysis and tensile in‐plane to assess the sensitivity of the mechanical properties versus the cell geometric parameters. A full factorial design (33) was performed to investigate the effects of the factors width (10 and 20 mm), thickness (2 and 4 mm) and angle (−10 and −20°) on Poisson's ratio of honeycomb structures. The results give further evidence that the Poisson's ratio is affected not only by individual factors but also by interaction originated by the other geometric parameters.
Low energy electron beam induced damage on gallium nitride based materials
Authors: Nykänen Henri , Mattila Päivi , Suihkonen Sami , Riikonen Juha , Sopanen Markku 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe present our studies on low energy electron beam induced damage to gallium nitride semiconductor material. We have observed a clear reduction in InGaN single quantum well and bulk GaN band‐to‐band emission intensity induced by low energy electron beam irradiation. The dose and energy of the e‐beam were 0 ‐ 500 μC/cm2 and of 5 ‐ 20 keV, respectively. We attributed the damage mechanism to electron beam induced defect electromigration. The electromigration is caused by a localized electric field generated by high local current density. However, further studies are needed to confirm the damage mechanism. These results should be considered in electron beam related fabrication, characterization and usage of GaN‐based materials (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Nonlinear properties of the dipole layer in MOS‐based hydrogen detectors
Authors: Šrobár Fedor , Procházková Olga 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNonlinear dielectric properties of the dipole layer formed at the catalytic metal/insulator interface of MOS‐based hydrogen sensors are investigated. A two‐valley potential profile is used to model electronic states in adsorbed H atoms polarized by difference in electron affinities between metal and oxide and to derive constitutive equation expressing dielectric polarization P as a function of applied electric field E. An up‐to‐fourth order expansion of this dependence is given, using modified dielectric susceptibilities. Application of superposed static and alternating fields leads to a significant third harmonic generation. The expressions derived could help to design experiments yielding values of parameters characterizing the dipole layer. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Comparative optical studies of InGaAs/GaAs quantum wells grown by MBE on (100) and (311)A GaAs planes
Authors: Khatab A. , Shafi M. , Mari R. H. , Aziz M. , Henini M. , Patriarche G. , Troadec D. , Sadeghi M. , Wang S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe temperature dependence of the optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs double quantum wells (QWs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on (100) and (311)A GaAs substrates has been studied by photoluminescence (PL). It is found that for an excitation of 50 mW, the PL quenching for (100) and (311)A QWs occurs at 220 K and 300 K, respectively. This suggests that the high index plane (311)A has superior structural properties and less non‐radiative defect centers than the conventional (100) plane. The better optical quality of the QWs grown on (311)A is also confirmed by the narrowing of the full width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of the PL emission: 10 nm for (311)A and 20 nm for (100). From these findings it is expected that optical devices grown on (311)A GaAs planes should have better performances than those grown on conventional (100) orientation. We have also carried out a systematic study to investigate the effect of post‐growth thermal annealing on the optical quality of the QWs. We observed a substantial improvement of the PL efficiency with annealing temperatures in the range 500‐700 °C for all samples. However, this PL enhancement is accompanied by a blueshift. These energy shifts can be explained by interdiffusion or intermixing of In and Ga atoms at the interfaces between the QWs and the barriers. A noticeable narrowing of the PL linewidth with higher annealing temperatures could be explained by a homogenisation of the quantum well interfaces (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Binary anodic oxides for memristor‐type nonvolatile memory
Authors: Kundozerova Tatyana V. , Stefanovich Genrikch B. , Grishin Alexander M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe temperature dependence of the optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs double quantum wells (QWs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on (100) and (311)A GaAs substrates has been studied by photoluminescence (PL). It is found that for an excitation of 50 mW, the PL quenching for (100) and (311)A QWs occurs at 220 K and 300 K, respectively. This suggests that the high index plane (311)A has superior structural properties and less non‐radiative defect centers than the conventional (100) plane. The better optical quality of the QWs grown on (311)A is also confirmed by the narrowing of the full width at half‐maximum (FWHM) of the PL emission: 10 nm for (311)A and 20 nm for (100). From these findings it is expected that optical devices grown on (311)A GaAs planes should have better performances than those grown on conventional (100) orientation. We have also carried out a systematic study to investigate the effect of post‐growth thermal annealing on the optical quality of the QWs. We observed a substantial improvement of the PL efficiency with annealing temperatures in the range 500‐700 °C for all samples. However, this PL enhancement is accompanied by a blueshift. These energy shifts can be explained by interdiffusion or intermixing of In and Ga atoms at the interfaces between the QWs and the barriers. A noticeable narrowing of the PL linewidth with higher annealing temperatures could be explained by a homogenisation of the quantum well interfaces (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)