bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing an assumption of the E‐Z Reader model of eye‐movement control during reading: Using event‐related potentials to examine the familiarity check
Authors: Reichle Erik D. , Tokowicz Natasha , Liu Ying , Perfetti Charles A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAccording to the E‐Z Reader model of eye‐movement control, the completion of an early stage of lexical processing, the familiarity check, causes the eyes to move forward during reading (Reichle, Pollatsek, Fisher, & Rayner, 1998). Here, we report an event‐related potential (ERP) experiment designed to examine the hypothesized familiarity check at the electrophysiological level. The results indicate ERP components modulated by word frequency at the time of the predicted familiarity check. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that an early stage of lexical processing is linked to the “decisions” about when to move the eyes during reading.
Preventing Shoulder Pain after Cardiac Rhythm Management Device Implantation: A Randomized, Controlled Study
Authors: DANIELS JAMES D , SUN SHINING , ZAFEREO JASON , MINHAJUDDIN ABU , NGUYEN CAROL , OBEL OWEN , WU RICHARD , JOGLAR JOSE A. 
Published: January 2011

Introduction:
Shoulder pain and disability ipsilateral to the implant site is a common complication of cardiac rhythm device implantation, yet very little has been published about this morbidity. We designed a study to assess the potential benefit of a simple exercise protocol in preventing shoulder pain postoperatively.
Methods and Results:
Patients undergoing subcutaneous device implantation were randomized to one of two groups. The control group received standard instructions, whereas the exercise group was instructed on specific exercises aimed at strengthening or stretching the shoulder girdle, to be completed 3 days per week. Groups were postoperatively monitored for the development of shoulder discomfort and shoulder impingement by using physical examination and disability questionnaires. At 1 month, seven of 21 control patients reported developing shoulder pain or discomfort compared to one of 23 in the exercise group (P = 0.02). At 6 months, four of 23 control patients still reported worsening shoulder symptoms, compared to none in the exercise group (P = 0.11). In the control group, five of 19 patients developed a positive impingement test at 1 month, versus none in the exercise group (P = 0.01). Scores for the questionnaires designed to assess shoulder pain and dysfunction were worse in the control group. There were no activity‐related complications in either group.
Conclusion:
Shoulder pain and disability occurs often following cardiac rhythm management device implantation. A simple exercise program aimed at strengthening the shoulder girdle is effective at preventing this complication. (PACE 2011; 672–678)
Decision aids for breast and nodal surgery in patients with early breast cancer: Development and a pilot study
Authors: HARWOOD Rachael , DOUGLAS Charles , CLARK David 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAim:  As survival rates for aggressive and conservative breast and lymph node surgery are similar, surgical treatment decisions for patients with early‐stage breast cancer should take patient preference into account. Decision aids have been demonstrated to increase patient knowledge and satisfaction with decision making, while decreasing decisional conflict. Hundreds of decision aids exist; however, few address lymph node surgery in any detail, and none acknowledge that there is a choice comparable to that between mastectomy and breast‐conserving therapy.Methods:  A systematic process was employed to develop decision aids for mastectomy versus breast‐conserving therapy, axillary dissection versus sentinel node biopsy, and options following a positive sentinel node biopsy. The first two of these decision aids were evaluated in a small pilot study. Choice of operation, knowledge and decisional conflict and satisfaction were compared with outcomes in an historical control group.Results:  Women reported favorably on the decision aids. The numbers in the pilot group were too small to allow definitive conclusions to be drawn, but suggested a possible reduction in decisional conflict, and possibly increase in decisional satisfaction, knowledge and choice of axillary clearance (rather than sentinel node biopsy) in the intervention group.Conclusion:  These decision aids could improve decision making for the surgical treatment of early breast cancer. A prospective randomized, control trial is needed to further evaluate the impact of these decision aids, particularly in the case of nodal surgery.
Special Report: Nursing Diagnoses and Interventions for a Child with Dilated Cardiomyopathy Requiring Intra‐aortic Balloon Pump Support—Case Report
Authors: de Lima Lopes Juliana , Meneguim Silmara , Soares Muniz Claudia Cristina , da Silva Herbas Palomo Jurema 
Published: January 2011

OBJECTIVE.  The study aims to identify the nursing diagnoses and interventions for a child requiring intra‐aortic balloon pump support.METHODS.  This was a case study of a 7‐year‐old child. The nursing diagnoses and interventions were obtained by three cardiology and pediatric specialist nurses, familiar with NANDA‐International and Nursing Intervention Classification taxonomies.RESULTS.  Many nursing diagnoses and interventions were identified, but the main diagnosis for this patient was decreased cardiac output.CONCLUSIONS.  The nursing care for a child with an intra‐aortic balloon requires well‐qualified professionals, prepared to handle the diagnoses and interventions identified in this study.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS.  The use of a standard language system is essential to guide professionals in the caring process, providing essential elements to optimize interpretations.ResumoOBJETIVO.  Identificar os diagnósticos e as intervenções de enfermagem de uma criança com balão intra‐aórtico.MÉTODOS.  Estudo de caso de uma criança de sete anos em uso de balão intra‐aórtico. A coleta de dados foi realizada retrospectivamente por meio do prontuário. Os diagnósticos e intervenções de enfermagem foram levantados por três enfermeiras especialistas em cardiologia e pediatria e com domínio nas taxonomias da NANDA‐I e NIC.RESULTADOS.  O principal diagnóstico de enfermagem encontrado para este paciente foi o débito cardíaco diminuído relacionado à contratilidade alterada. Outros diagnósticos de enfermagem encontrados foram: risco de infecção, risco de aspiração, constipação, integridade da pele prejudicada, nutrição desequilibrada: menos do que as necessidades corporais, risco de perfusão renal ineficaz, proteção ineficaz, risco de sangramento e volume de líquidos excessivo. Para cada diagnóstico de enfermagem foram encontradas muitas intervenções e atividades.CONCLUSÕES.  A assistência de enfermagem a uma criança portadora de balão intra‐aórtico exige experiência, profissionais qualificados e preparados para lidar com os diagnósticos e intervenções identificados neste estudo.IMPLICAÇÕES PARA PRÁTICA.  A utilização de um sistema padronizado de linguagem é fundamental para guiar os profissionais no processo de cuidar, possibilitando a organização dos nossos pensamentos, observações e interpretações. Para assegurarmos a efetividade das intervenções apresentadas, sugerimos a realização de novos estudos, visando a aplicação e avaliação destas atividades de enfermagem.Descritores de Assunto.  Diagnóstico de Enfermagem, Cuidados de Enfermagem, Estudos de Caso, Balão Intra‐Aórtico, Criança.
Content Validation of Hopelessness in Slovakia and Czech Republic
Authors: Gurková Elena , Žiaková Katarína , Čáp Juraj 
Published: January 2011

PURPOSE.  The purpose of this study was to validate the content of nursing diagnosis hopelessness in Slovak and Czech social and cultural contexts.METHODS.  The Fehring's Diagnostic Content Validity Model was used to measure the importance of diagnostic characteristics of hopelessness.FINDINGS.  Only three NANDA characteristics and five Nowotny Hope Scale characteristics have reached the value of weighted average of the scores for defining characteristics.CONCLUSION.  NANDA characteristics are concerned with the affective–behavioral dimension of hopelessness. Nowotny Hope Scale characteristics that reached high importance in our study are concerned with its cognitive–temporal dimension.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE.  The defining characteristics of hopelessness identified in our study could be tested in the development of instrument to measure hope in clinical practice.CIEL'.  Cielom práce bola obsahová validizácia diagnózy Beznádej v slovenskom a českom socio‐kultúrnom kontexte.METÓDY.  Významnost' diagnostických znakov diagnózy Beznádej bola hodnotená prostredníctvom Fehringovho modelu validity diagnostického obsahu.VÝSLEDKY.  Hodnoty hraničného váženého skóre dosiahli len tri znaky z klasifikačného systému NANDA–I a pät' charakteristík z Nowotnej škály nádeje.ZÁVER.  Charakteristiky beznádeje, ktoré vymedzuje NANDA‐I sa týkajú jej afektívno‐behaviorálnej oblasti. Položky z Nowotnej škály nádeje, ktoré v našej štúdii hodnotili experti ako významné, predstavujú jej kognitívno‐temporálnu oblast' beznádeje.IMPLIKÁCIE PRE OŠETROVATELSKÚ PRAX.  Definujúce znaky beznádeje, identifikované v našej štúdii, môžu byt' dalej testované v rámci konštrukcie nástroja merania beznádeje v klinickej praxi.
A Case Study of Teen Parenting
Authors: Cardaci Regina 
Published: January 2011

PURPOSE:  The purpose of this case study is to demonstrate how the use of the standard nursing languages of NANDA International (NANDA‐I), the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC), and the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) help a teen mother provide safe care for her newborn. In addition, this study aims to demonstrate how important standardized nursing languages are in documenting the care provided.DATA SOURCES:  The data sources for this article are clinical nursing practice, research evidence in the form of care directives from the American Academy of Pediatrics regarding newborn safety and feeding, and the books that provide directions for the use of NANDA‐I, NIC, and NOC.DATA SYNTHESIS:  This case demonstrates the use of the nursing process in providing care for a teen mother and a newborn.CONCLUSIONS:  Many new mothers, especially teens, are poorly informed regarding normal newborn care and safety upon hospital discharge. For this reason, teen mothers should be referred for nursing assessments in the home environment after discharge.IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING:  This case demonstrates the need for education of all parents prior to hospital discharge and supports the need for home‐based evaluations to ensure the safety of the infant. This case also supports the use of standardized nursing language to document the care provided.
The impact of primordial supersonic flows on early structure formation, reionization and the lowest-mass dwarf galaxies
Authors: Maio Umberto , Koopmans Leon V. E. , Ciardi Benedetta 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
Tseliakhovich and Hirata recently discovered that higher order corrections to the cosmological linear-perturbation theory lead to supersonic coherent baryonic flows just after recombination (i.e. z ≈ 1020), with rms velocities of ∼30 km s−1 relative to the underlying dark matter distribution, on comoving scales of ≲3 Mpc h−1. To study the impact of these coherent flows, we performed high-resolution N-body plus smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations in boxes of 5.0 and 0.7 Mpc h−1, for bulk-flow velocities of 0 (as reference), 30 and 60 km s−1. The simulations follow the evolution of cosmic structures by taking into account detailed, primordial, non-equilibrium gas chemistry (i.e. H, He, H2, HD, HeH, etc.), cooling, star formation and feedback effects from stellar evolution. We find that these bulk flows suppress star formation in low-mass haloes (i.e. Mvir≲ 108 M⊙ until z ∼ 13), lower the abundance of the first objects by ∼1–20 per cent and as a consequence delay cosmic star formation history by ∼2 × 107 yr. The gas fractions in individual objects can change by up to a factor of 2 at very early times. Coherent bulk flow therefore has implications for (i) the star formation in the lowest-mass haloes (e.g. dSphs); (ii) the start of reionization by suppressing it in some patches of the Universe; and (iii) the heating (i.e. spin temperature) of neutral hydrogen. We speculate that the patchy nature of reionization and heating on several Mpc scales could lead to enhanced differences in the H i spin temperature, giving rise to stronger variations in the H i brightness temperatures during the late dark ages.
The binary companion of PSR J1740−3052
Authors: Bassa C. G. , Brisken W. F. , Nelemans G. , Stairs I. H. , Stappers B. W. , Kramer M. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract
We report on the identification of a near-infrared counterpart to the massive (&gt;11 M⊙) binary companion of pulsar J1740−3052. An accurate celestial position of PSR J1740−3052 is determined from interferometric radio observations. Adaptive optics corrected near-infrared imaging observations show a counterpart at the interferometric position of the pulsar. The counterpart has Ks= 15.87 ± 0.10 and J−Ks &gt; 0.83. Based on distance and absorption estimates from models of the Galactic electron and dust distributions, these observed magnitudes are consistent with those of a main-sequence star as the binary companion. We argue that this counterpart is the binary companion to PSR J1740−3052 and thus rule out a stellar mass black hole as the pulsar companion.
The Primary Photophysics of the Avena sativa Phototropin 1 LOV2 Domain Observed with Time‐resolved Emission Spectroscopy†
Authors: van Stokkum Ivo H. M. , Gauden Magdalena , Crosson Sean , van Grondelle Rienk , Moffat Keith , Kennis John T. M. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe phototropins are blue‐light receptors that base their light‐dependent action on the reversible formation of a covalent bond between a flavin mononucleotide (FMN) cofactor and a conserved cysteine in light, oxygen or voltage (LOV) domains. The primary reactions of the Avena sativa phototropin 1 LOV2 domain were investigated by means of time‐resolved and low‐temperature fluorescence spectroscopy. Synchroscan streak camera experiments revealed a fluorescence lifetime of 2.2 ns in LOV2. A weak long‐lived component with emission intensity from 600 to 650 nm was assigned to phosphorescence from the reactive FMN triplet state. This observation allowed determination of the LOV2 triplet state energy level at physiological temperature at 16600 cm−1. FMN dissolved in aqueous solution showed pH‐dependent fluorescence lifetimes of 2.7 ns at pH 2 and 3.9−4.1 ns at pH 3–8. Here, too, a weak phosphorescence band was observed. The fluorescence quantum yield of LOV2 increased from 0.13 to 0.41 upon cooling the sample from 293 to 77 K. A pronounced phosphorescence emission around 600 nm was observed in the LOV2 domain between 77 and 120 K in the steady‐state emission.
Jiddat al Harasis 422: A ureilite with an extremely high degree of shock melting
Authors: JANOTS Emilie , GNOS Edwin , HOFMANN Beda A. , GREENWOOD Richard C. , FRANCHI Ian A. , BISCHOFF Addi 
Published: January 2011

Abstract–The Jiddat al Harasis (JaH) 422 ureilite was found in the Sultanate of Oman; it is classified as a ureilitic impact melt breccia. The meteorite consists of rounded polycrystalline olivine clasts (35%), pores (8%), and microcrystalline matrix (57%). Clasts and matrix have oxygen isotopic values and chemical compositions (major and trace elements) characteristic of the ureilite group. The matrix contains olivine (Fo83–90), low‐Ca pyroxene (En84–92Wo0–5), augite (En71–56Wo20–31), graphite, diamond, Fe‐metal, sulfides, chromite, and felsic glass. Pores are partly filled by secondary Fe‐oxihydroxide and desert alteration products. Pores are surrounded by strongly reduced silicates. Clasts consist of fine‐grained aggregates of polygonal olivine. These clasts have an approximately 250 μm wide reaction rim, in which olivine composition evolves progressively from the core composition (Fo79–81) to the matrix composition (Fo84–87). Veins crossing the clasts comprise pyroxene, Fe‐oxihydroxide, C‐phases, and chromite. Clasts contain Ca‐, Al‐, and Cr‐rich glass along olivine grain boundaries (<1 μm wide). We suggest that a significant portion of JaH 422, including olivine and all the pyroxenes, was molten as a result of an impact. In comparison with other impact‐melted ureilites, JaH 422 shows the highest melt portion. Based on textural and compositional considerations, clasts and matrix probably originated from the same protolith, with the clasts representing relict olivine that survived, but was recrystallized in the impact melt. During the melt stage, the high availability of FeO and elevated temperatures controlled oxygen fugacity at values high enough to stabilize olivine with Fo∼83–87 and chromite. Along pores, high Mg# compositions of silicates indicate that in a late stage or after melt crystallization FeO became less available and fO2 conditions were controlled by C−CO + CO2.
The habitual use of emotion regulation strategies in schizophrenia
Authors: Perry Yael , Henry Julie D. , Grisham Jessica R. 
Published: January 2011

Objectives. Although emotion dysregulation is regarded as a core feature of schizophrenia, the use of specific regulatory strategies remains poorly understood. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the habitual use of suppression, reappraisal, and acceptance in this population. Methods. Thirty‐three individuals with schizophrenia and 36 matched controls completed self‐report measures examining emotion regulation and psychosocial functioning. Results. No group differences were found in terms of use of suppression or reappraisal, but clinical participants reported using less acceptance. Further, greater use of acceptance was associated with better psychosocial outcomes. Conclusions. Results highlight the potential utility of acceptance‐based interventions for comorbid psychopathology in schizophrenia.
Protein expression analysis of ALCAM and CEACAM6 in breast cancer metastases reveals significantly increased ALCAM expression in metastases of the skin
Authors: Ihnen Maike , Kilic Ergin , Köhler Nadine , Löning Thomas , Witzel Isabell , Hagel Christian , Höller Sylvia , Kersten Jan F , Müller Volkmar , Jänicke Fritz , Milde-Langosch Karin 
Published: January 2011

AimsFor prediction and understanding of underlying mechanisms of organ-specific metastases, various gene and protein expression signatures have been identified in primary breast carcinomas. These expression signatures often include several genes coding for adhesion molecules, such as activated leucocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM/CD166) and carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6), both of which may play an important role in the development of distant metastases because of their adherent properties. Owing to their predominantly membranous localisation, they are also considered to have certain therapeutic potential. Apart from expression data obtained in the primary tumour, data for gene and protein expression patterns in distant breast cancer metastases are rare. Therefore this study focuses on analysing the distribution of ALCAM and CEACAM6 protein expression in breast cancer metastases from different sites.MethodsImmunohistochemical staining for ALCAM and CEACAM6 in 117 breast cancer metastases derived from liver (n=24), lung (n=19), brain (n=21), bone (n=36) and skin (n=17) was performed.ResultsImmunoreactive scores (IRS) for ALCAM in all metastases except skin metastases ranged from 2.63 to 5.10 (membranous) and 2.79 to 3.67 (cytoplasmic), showing a positive correlation with each other (r=0.690, p<0.001). In skin metastases, ALCAM expression was significantly stronger (membranous IRS, 8.76; cytoplasmic IRS, 7.12; p<0.001). Mean staining intensity for CEACAM6 was IRS 3.88. No or weak CEACAM6 and ALCAM staining (IRS 0–3) was seen in 53% vs 27% of all metastases.ConclusionsCompared with CEACAM6, ALCAM showed significantly stronger protein expression in breast cancer skin metastases compared with metastases in all other sites.
Reticulocyte population data in different erythropoietic states
Authors: Zini Gina , Di Mario Antonella , Garzia Mariagrazia , Bianchi Maria , d'Onofrio Giuseppe 
Published: January 2011

AimsTo assess changes in reticulocyte impedance volume, conductivity and light scatter (reticulocyte population data or RPD) obtained with the volume, conductivity and laser light scatter (VCS) technology in healthy subjects and in different erythropoietic states.MethodsBlood samples were analysed with the Beckman–Coulter LH750 system, using the VCS method, from a group of 40 healthy subjects and three groups of patients with different types of untreated or treated anaemia: 24 cases of iron deficiency at the time of diagnosis, 16 patients with iron deficiency anaemia during intravenous iron administration, and 57 patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dialysis and administration of rHu-erythropoietin and intravenous iron.ResultsRPD data were reproducible. Average mean channels for volume were 50.9 for controls and 49.2, 55.7 and 64.0 for the three patient groups, respectively. Average mean channels for conductivity were 52.0 for controls and 59.8, 55.7 and 56.1 for the three patient groups. Average mean channels for light scatter were 108.4 for controls and 113.3, 117.3 and 128.2 for the three patient groups. SD data indicated increased dispersion in the patient groups.ConclusionWhen values in the patient groups are compared with reference values obtained in healthy controls, the main differences are found in impedance volume and light scatter, which were both increased in patients with stimulated erythropoiesis. These data indicate the opportunity to further evaluate the clinical usefulness of RPD in haematological diseases.