bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electromediated Alcohol-Based Passerini-Type Reaction
Authors: Grimaud Laurence , Vitale Maxime R. , Simon Alexandre , Bachollet Sylvestre P. J. T. , Pan Na 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn electrochemical variant of the alcohol-based oxidative Passerini reaction is reported here. It relies on an indirect anodic oxidation process followed by a three-component coupling, in which TEMPO serves as a key redox mediator. This electrochemical approach permits to operate without the need for a metal catalyst nor oxygen atmosphere and allows the use of nonactivated alcohols as reaction partners. It could be applied to the preparation of good variety of α-acyloxy-carboxamides in yields ranging from 24% to 80%.
Synthesis of Tetracyclic Benzazole–Condensed Quinazolinones through Triphenylbismuth Dichloride Assisted Cyclodesulfurization
Authors: Murata Yuki , Yasuike Shuji , Koyanagi Arisu , Takeshita Chisaki , Kato Yuki , Matsumura Mio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBenzazole-condensed quinazolinones, such as benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]- and benzo[4,5]oxazolo[2,3-b]quinazolinones are of a great interest because of their potential applications as biologically active­ substances. Herein, we report that the treatment of various o-phenylenediamines with methyl 2-isothiocyanatobenzoate afforded thioxoquinazolinones, which were reacted in situ with triphenylbismuth dichloride in the presence of K2CO3 to give the desired benzimidazoquinazolinones in good to excellent yields under mild conditions. Triphenylbismuth dichloride promoted the conversion of thioxoquinazolinone to tetracyclic products as an efficient cyclodesulfurization reagent. All the steps in this tandem reaction were performed at room temperature. The present reaction system can also be applied to benzoxazoloquinazolinone synthesis by using 2-aminophenols as the starting material.
Atypical Presentation of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Almotairi Fawaz S. , Alanazi Aued I. , Alokayli Sherin Hamad , Maghrabi Sarah , Elwatidy Sherif M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition in which intracranial pressure (ICP) increases without an apparent cause. Typically, patients present with headaches, dizziness, pulsatile tinnitus, visual disturbances, blurred vision, diplopia, photophobia, visual field defects, and papilledema on fundoscopy. The association between IIH, spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea, and arachnoid cysts has been discussed in the literature; however, there is no clear explanation for this association. We aimed to present a series of four patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IIH with atypical presentations, discuss the management of each case, and provide an explanation for this association to alert clinicians to the atypical presentation of IIH and facilitate early diagnosis and proper treatment of this condition by CSF diversion. This was a retrospective case series of all patients who were diagnosed with IIH and showed improvement after ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion after failure of at least one operative intervention resulting from primary radiological and clinical findings in 2001 to 2022. Data on demographics, clinical presentation, radiological findings, surgical management, and diagnostic criteria for IIH were recorded. We identified four patients with a confirmed diagnosis of IIH who presented with atypical presentations as follows: intracranial arachnoid cyst, cervical spine arachnoid cyst, giant Virchow perivascular space, and spontaneous CSF (CSF) rhinorrhea. All patients responded to CSF diversion after failure of surgical treatment targeting the primary pathology. IIH should be suspected after the failure of primary surgical treatment in cases of spontaneous CSF rhinorrhea, spinal and cranial arachnoid cysts, and symptomatic ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Treatment in such situations should be directed toward IIH with CSF diversion.
Microvascular Decompression versus Radiofrequency Ablation in Trigeminal Neuralgia of the Maxillary and Mandibular Divisions
Authors: Habib Hosam-Eldin Abdel-Azim , Ellakany Mohamed Hamdy , Elnoamany Hossam , Elnaggar Ahmed Gabry 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Although medical treatment is the mainstay of therapy, in trigeminal neuralgia (TN), patients failing to respond to it make them candidates to ablative or nonablative procedures.
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of Microvascular decompression (MVD) and radiofrequency (RF) thermocoagulation in the management of TN affecting the mandibular and maxillary divisions.
Materials and Methods Retrospective analysis of the data of 40 patients suffering from intractable classical TN affecting the maxillary or mandibular divisions or both was carried out. Twenty patients were operated upon by MVD of the trigeminal nerve; and 20 had RF ablation of the maxillary or mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve or both.
Results In MVD the overall successful outcome was achieved in 16 patients (80%), while the failure was in 4 patients (20%) of which 3 had a fair outcome and 1 patient had a poor outcome. Whereas in RF the overall successful outcome was achieved in 17 patients (85%), while the failure was in 3 patients (15%) of which 2 had a fair outcome and 1 patient had a poor outcome. Outcome was insignificantly different between both groups (p-value 0.806).
Conclusion MVD and RF ablation represent safe and efficacious surgical choices for addressing TN that encompasses both the mandibular and maxillary divisions. Long-term follow-up studies demonstrate that MVD consistently yields favorable outcomes, establishing it as the preferred primary surgical technique, unless contraindicated by the patient's general health and specific needs.
Computer-Assisted Surgery in Mandible Reconstruction
Authors: Shahzad Farooq 
Published: May 2024

AbstractComputer-assisted surgery is the most significant recent advancement in osseous head and neck reconstruction. Computer-aided design (CAD) software allows computerized planning of resection and reconstruction. Computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) can be used to create models, cutting guides, and patient-specific plates. Several studies have shown that these techniques are more accurate and result in decreased flap ischemia times compared with conventional techniques. CAD also facilitates the immediate placement of dental implants. The most useful application of computer-assisted surgery is delayed reconstruction, in which soft tissue contraction and the absence of a specimen as a reference make accurate estimation of the defect challenging. The drawbacks of CAD/CAM are lack of intraoperative flexibility and cost. Some centers have created in-house CAD/CAM processes using open-source software and commercially available three-dimensional printers.
Endoscopic Full-Thickness Resection of Proximal Ascending Colonic Intramucosal Carcinoma by FTRD Device: Saving the Colon
Authors: Pal Sandip 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe full-thickness resection device (FTRD) allows for endoscopic full-thickness resection of gastrointestinal lesions up to 3 cm. This transluminal endoscopic minimally invasive technique allows safe closure after full-thickness resection, thereby providing an en-bloc specimen for histological examination and resection with minimal thermal damage. Using the device for lesions in the proximal ascending colon and cecum is technically challenging. Herein, we describe a case of JNET 2A/2B proximal ascending colonic polyp on both sides of the fold, which was resected safely by the FTRD device, and the en-bloc resected specimen turned out to be intramucosal carcinoma.
Kienböck Disease following a Single Wrist Traumatic Incident: A Scoping Review
Authors: Afshar Ahmadreza , Tabrizi Ali , Shariyate Mohammad J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe incidence of Kienböck disease after a single wrist traumatic incident is rare but has been reported by several authors. Although most evidence consists of case reports and case series, two possible concerns have been suggested. First, a traumatic alteration of the wrist anatomy and measurements increase stresses on the lunate. These changes mostly follow fractures around the wrist and can be regarded as acquired risk factors that contribute to the development of Kienböck disease. Second, some wrist injuries may tear ligaments around the lunate and damage the accompanied blood vessels; so, compromising the circulation to the lunate. Surgeons should be aware of the development of Kienböck disease following a single wrist trauma to enable early diagnosis and management to improve outcomes.
Level of evidence Etiology IV.
Unity in Diversity? Reflections on Development Studies in the Mid-2020s
Authors: Sumner Andy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDevelopment Studies (DS) demonstrates maturity as a field of inquiry marked by the half-century anniversaries of journals, institutes, and scholarly associations of DS. There is vitality in terms of the volume of research and the buoyant numbers of students engaging with the subject, though DS continues to fragment. The central argument of this paper is that contemporary DS has four broad ‘schools of thought’ which differ significantly in terms of positions taken on the framing of, and universality of development. A typology of DS is proposed which illustrates this. The paper posits that DS would be healthier intellectually if the divides were the subject of greater dialogue. Potential avenues for initiating this discussion are suggested.
America’s “China-First” grand strategy and the transatlantic bargain: revisiting the security–economics nexus
Authors: Desmaele Linde 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSince Washington announced its “rebalance to Asia” in 2011, debates about America’s Europe strategy have centered on whether America’s European allies could defend themselves without the USA. This debate has overlooked a crucial point: Washington’s security commitment to Europe is not only about military power but also hinges on European acquiescence to Washington’s politico-economic leadership position. US policymakers today increasingly view China as the main challenge to the latter. Accordingly, this article’s driving hypothesis is that the more significance the USA assigns to its European allies in the context of its China agenda, the more it will, for better or worse, seek to maintain (some degree of) European security dependence on the USA. Case studies of the Europe strategies of the Obama, Trump and Biden administrations, respectively, serve as a vehicle to probe the plausibility of this argument.
Media bias through collocations: a corpus-based study of Egyptian and Ethiopian news coverage of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam
Authors: Elsoufy Ayman Mohamed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite much research on the media coverage of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD), the specific language and ideological underpinnings used in this discourse have received little attention. This study compares the discourse surrounding the GERD construction in Egyptian and Ethiopian news sources to identify variations in word choice and underlying biases. Using critical discourse analysis (CDA), the study analyzes two online English news corpora, totalling over a million words across 2655 articles. The analysis involves identifying statistically salient keywords in each corpus and examining their context through a contrastive collocation analysis. The study investigates the data in light of Fairclough’s three-dimensional framework, which considers the text, discourse practice, and social practice, and applies van Dijk’s concept of the ideological square to explore patterns of self-positive and other-negative representation. The findings reveal distinct patterns of bias in the news coverage from both countries. Egyptian news outlets often frame the GERD project as a source of crisis, depicting Ethiopia as violating international law and exacerbating political tensions. In contrast, Ethiopian news sources tend to portray Egypt as dismissive of Ethiopia’s development rights and as monopolizing the Nile’s resources. These discursive strategies reflect a broader trend of media bias, where lexical choices and framing techniques align with national interests and diplomatic stances.
Acibenzolar-S-methyl promotes wound healing of harvested sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) by regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway
Authors: Wang Caixia , Wei Lei , Liu Xiaoyu , Ye Qi 
Published: May 2024

Rapid wound healing is crucial in protecting sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas) against infection, water loss and quality deterioration during storage. The current study investigated how acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) treatment influenced wound healing in harvested sweet potatoes by investigating the underlying mechanism. It was found that ASM treatment of wounded sweet potatoes induced a significant accumulation of lignin at the wound sites, which effectively suppressed weight loss. After 4 days of healing, the lignin content of ASM-treated sweet potatoes was 41.8% higher than that of untreated ones, and the weight loss rate was 20.4% lower. Moreover, ASM treatment increased the ability of sweet potatoes to defend against wounding stress through enhancing processes such as increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of enzymes involved in the ROS metabolism (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) and phenylpropanoid pathway (phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase and cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase), and intensive synthesis of phenolics and flavonoids. These results suggest that treating harvested sweet potatoes with ASM promotes wound healing through the activation of the ROS metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway.
A comparison of public views about sports concussion recovery with current guidelines: where are the gaps and overlaps?
Authors: Sullivan Karen A. , Jaganathan Kannan Singaravelu 
Published: May 2024

Background Sports concussion (SC) management guidelines have recently been updated. A key focus is the emphasis on rest (immediately postinjury) followed by gradual resumption of activity (active recovery). This study aimed to explore community views on SC management and compared these with the guidelines. Methods A total of 157 volunteers completed an online SC survey, including listing three pieces of advice for a concussed person immediately postinjury, and after 2 weeks (subacute). Quantitative data were statistically compared, and qualitative data underwent content analysis. Results Almost all participants offered different immediate versus subacute advice; however, rest featured highly at both timepoints. Commonly expressed themes, consistent with guidelines were immediate rest; safety and reinjury prevention; and symptom monitoring. Two themes were identified in the community advice with limited emphasis in the guidelines: general health advice and psychological and social support. Expert clinical assessment was not always identified in community advice. Conclusion Community members hold some views that align with expert advice for SC, particularly the importance of immediate postinjury rest. However, there is scope to grow public awareness of some recommended practices, including expert clinical assessment following injury and when to engage in active recovery.
Dimensions of partitivity in Icelandic (and beyond)
Authors: Pfaff Alexander 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article addresses a peculiar partitive construction in Icelandic – peculiar, in that it involves (case,
number, gender) agreement between a quantificational element and the inner nominal, rather than dependency marking (by case or
preposition) on the inner nominal. It is shown that this construction shares properties of both canonical partitives (definiteness
marking) and pseudo-partitives (monophrasality), but actually qualifies as neither; it assumes an intermediate position. Based on
this insight, we develop the idea that partitive constructions may be not simply a collection of “structures that fall under the
umbrella term of “partitives”” (Falco and Zamparelli 2019: 1), but rather constitute a
scale of partitivity. It is likewise conceded, however, that a proper map of partitivity may be more complex than a simple one
dimensional hierarchy.
Paediatric ankle rehabilitation system based on twisted and coiled polymer actuators
Authors: Gonzalez-Vazquez Alberto , Garcia Lorenzo , Kilby Jeff 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rehabilitation is crucial for children with physical disabilities arising from various conditions. Traditional exoskeletons, reliant on electric motors and rigid components, making them cumbersome, heavy, and unsuitable for use outside clinical facilities. To overcome these, researchers are turning to soft wearable rehabilitation robots (SWRRs) with artificial muscles based on smart materials like twisted and coiled polymer actuators (TCPs). TCPs offer enhanced compliance, adaptability, comfort, safety, and reduced weight—critical for paediatric use. Despite facing challenges like low operating frequencies and high temperatures, TCPs are explored as potential artificial muscles for SWRRs, due to their advantages on the force they can generate, the strain and a linear behaviour. This study details a proof of concept for a paediatric rehabilitation system for ankles based on TCPs, including the actuator characterization, mechanical design, control strategy, and human-computer-interface (HCI). The resulting device achieved a 1.4 Nm torque, a 10° range of motion in dorsiflexion within 5 s, and integrated electromyographic HCI. This research marks a promising step towards innovative, soft wearable rehabilitation solutions for children with physical disabilities.
A versatile framework for analyzing galaxy image data by incorporating Human-in-the-loop in a large vision model*
Authors: Fu 傅 Ming-Xiang 溟翔 , Song 宋 Yu 宇 , Lv 吕 Jia-Meng 佳蒙 , Cao 曹 Liang 亮 , Jia 贾 Peng 鹏 , Li 李 Nan 楠 , Li 李 Xiang-Ru 乡儒 , Liu 刘 Ji-Feng 继峰 , Luo 罗 A-Li 阿理 , Qiu 邱 Bo 波 , Shen 沈 Shi-Yin 世银 , Tu 屠 Liang-Ping 良平 , Wang 王 Li-Li 丽丽 , Wei 卫 Shou-Lin 守林 , Yang 杨 Hai-Feng 海峰 , Yi 衣 Zhen-Ping 振萍 , Zou 邹 Zhi-Qiang 志强 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The exponential growth of astronomical datasets provides an unprecedented opportunity for humans to gain insight into the Universe. However, effectively analyzing this vast amount of data poses a significant challenge. In response, astronomers are turning to deep learning techniques, but these methods are limited by their specific training sets, leading to considerable duplicate workloads. To overcome this issue, we built a framework for the general analysis of galaxy images based on a large vision model (LVM) plus downstream tasks (DST), including galaxy morphological classification, image restoration, object detection, parameter extraction, and more. Considering the low signal-to-noise ratios of galaxy images and the imbalanced distribution of galaxy categories, we designed our LVM to incorporate a Human-in-the-loop (HITL) module, which leverages human knowledge to enhance the reliability and interpretability of processing galaxy images interactively. The proposed framework exhibits notable few-shot learning capabilities and versatile adaptability for all the abovementioned tasks on galaxy images in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. In particular, for the object detection task, which was trained using 1000 data points, our DST in the LVM achieved an accuracy of 96.7%, while ResNet50 plus Mask R-CNN reached an accuracy of 93.1%. For morphological classification, to obtain an area under the curve (AUC) of ~0.9, LVM plus DST and HITL only requested 1/50 of the training sets that ResNet18 requested. In addition, multimodal data can be integrated, which creates possibilities for conducting joint analyses with datasets spanning diverse domains in the era of multi-messenger astronomy.
Probing the Galactic Halo with RR Lyrae Stars. VI. The Radial Velocity Curve Templates of RRc Stars
Authors: Huang Yue , Fang Min , Liu Gaochao , Zheng Xianzhong , Bird Sarah Ann , Huang Yang , Shi Jianrong , Wang Jiangtao , Zhang Huawei , Tian Haijun , Zhang Haotong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present radial velocity (RV) curve templates of RR Lyrae first-overtone (RRc) stars constructed with the Mg i b triplet and Hα lines using time-domain Medium-Resolution Survey spectra of seven RRc stars from Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) Data Release 9. Additionally, we derive the relation between the stellar RV curve amplitudes and g-band light curve amplitudes from Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) public survey. For those RRc stars without ZTF g-band light curves, we provide the conversions from the light curve amplitudes in ZTF r- and i-bands, Gaia G-band, and V-band from the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae to those in ZTF g-band. We validate our RV curve templates using the RRc star SV Scl and find the uncertainties of systemic RV are less than 2.11 km s −1 and 6.08 km s −1 based on the Mg i b triplet and Hα lines, respectively. We calculate the systemic RVs of 30 RRc stars using the RV curve templates constructed with the Mg i b triplet and Hα lines and find the systemic RVs are comparable with each other. This RV curve template will be particularly useful for obtaining the systemic RV of RRc using the LAMOST spectroscopy.
Are Solar Active Regions Born with Neutralized Currents?
Authors: Duan Aiying , Xing Yaoyu , Jiang Chaowei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Solar active regions (ARs) are formed by the emergence of current-carrying magnetic flux tubes from below the photosphere. Although for an isolated flux tube the direct and return currents flowing along the tube should balance with each other, it remains controversial whether such a neutralization of currents is also maintained during the emergence process. Here we present a systematic survey of the degrees of the current neutralization in a large sample of flux-emerging ARs which appeared on the solar disk around the central meridian from 2010 to 2022. The vector magnetograms taken by Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager onboard Solar Dynamic Observatory are employed to calculate the distributions of the vertical current density at the photosphere. Focusing on the main phase of flux emergence, i.e., the phase in which the total unsigned magnetic flux is continuously increased, we statistically examined the ratios of direct to return currents in all the ARs. Such a large-sample statistical study suggests that most of the ARs were born with currents close to neutralization. The degree of current neutralization seems to be not affected by the active-region size, the active-region growing rate, and the total unsigned current. The only correlation of significance as found is that the stronger the magnetic field nonpotentiality is, the further the AR deviates from current neutrality, which supports previous event studies that eruption-productive ARs often have non-neutralized currents.