bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Chemical Protection against Weeds Applied to Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)
Authors: Wójtowicz Marek , Wójtowicz Andrzej 
Published: August 2009

Effectiveness of Chemical Protection against Weeds Applied to Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)
The aim of the presented studies was to determine the effect of chemical weed control on the development and yield of native poppy cultivars. The results of presented experiment showed that the native poppy cultivars are more susceptible to herbicides than ‘Opal’ and ‘Lazur’ cultivars. The yield of ‘Michałko’ cultivar in all treatments of chemical protection was very low. It was proved that the suggestion of a necessary protection of ‘Mieszko’ cultivar against weeds with lower doses of herbicides than the doses applied in the cultures of cultivars with a high content of morphine is justified. ‘Mieszko’ cultivar gave the highest yield on plots protected after sowing with Lentipur Flo™ 500 SC (a.s. chlorotoluron) in the dose of 1.2 l/ha and in the growth stage of 4 leaves, when the treatment was carried out with Callisto™ 100 SC (a.s. mesotrione) in the dose of 0.4 l/ha. Positive results of weed control after the application of these herbicides indicate the possibility to initiate studies aiming at authorization to use these herbicides in growing of the native cultivars of poppy (minor crop).
Serum Thyroxine & Triiodothyronine Levels in Normal Pregnancy and Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Rahman M Hafizur , Chowdhury Mahbub Ara , Alam M Towhidul 
Published: August 2009

To evaluate the thyroid hormone levels in pre-eclampsia and normal pregnancy, a study was undertaken among 54 women of age ranged from 18 to 35 years without present or past history of thyroid diseases. Among the study subjects, 32 women were patients of pre-eclampsia, 12 women were in their normal third trimester pregnancy and 10 women were married but nonpregnant (without having hormonal contraceptives at least for 6 months). We have measured serum levels of total and free thyroxine (TT4 & FT4) and total and free triiodothyronine (TT3 & FT3) by using RIA. The mean serum TT4 and TT3 in normal pregnancy were significantly higher compared to that of non-pregnant women when mean FT4 and FT3 were similar in both normal pregnancy and non-pregnant women. In pre-eclampsia, mean serum TT4 and TT3 were significantly higher than that of non-pregnant women but compared to that of normal pregnancy, TT4 was clearly higher but not significant when TT3 was significantly lower. The mean serum FT4 was significantly higher in pre-eclampsia compared to non-pregnant women and not significantly higher compared to normal pregnancy. The mean serum FT3 was similar in both non-pregnant and normal pregnancy but significantly lower in pre-eclampsia compared to normal pregnancy. In pregnancy i.e. in both normal pregnancy and pregnancy with preeclampsia, the increased serum thyroid hormone levels might result from increased stimulatory effect of placental hormones (hCG), increased metabolic demands in pregnancy and mental stress in pregnancy as mentioned by other investigators. Decreased TT3 and FT3 associated with higher TT4 in pre-eclampsia might be due to reduced conversion of T4 to T3 in the liver and kidneys. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3082 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 06-10
Prospective Study of Day Case Surgery in Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery Department
Authors: Islam M Saiful , Baul Uttam Kumar Singha 
Published: August 2009

Day case surgery is feasible, safe and economic. The tremendous success of day care surgery is due to advances in surgical as well as anaesthetic techniques and proper postoperative recovery care. In the period January, 2006 to December, 2006 at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital, a total of 390 were operated of which 109 cases were major and 281 cases were minor surgery 327 cases were performed under local anaesthesia, 42 cases were performed by general anaesthesia and 21 cases were done without anaesthesia. Strict patient selection criteria were adopted. As a result postoperative complication rate was only 4.5%. Two patients required readmission to hospital for the management of complications. The most commonly performed otorhinolaryngological surgery in a day care basis is demonstrated, especially in nasal and aural cases. The scope of day case surgery is very limited in case of throat and neck surgery. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3084 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 17-23
Adverse Donor Reaction During and Immediately After Venesection
Authors: Mahbub-ul-Alam M , Hyder M Shamim , Khan MB Karim , Islam M Answarul 
Published: August 2009

There are no reports in the transfusion medicine literature that describe adverse donor reactions after whole-blood donation based on solicited information. A descriptive study was done in the Transfusion Medicine Department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital during the period of July 2000 to December 2001. The present study solicited adverse donor reaction and donor reaction information from 14,413 randomly selected whole-blood donors approximately immediately or within 30 minutes after the whole-blood donation. From this study, percentage of adverse donor reaction was 4.98%. The number of prior donations was inversely proportional to the risk of reaction; It was found that, first-time donors have a higher frequency of reactions (5.04%) than do repeat donors (4.96%).The value for first-time or repeated donor were significant (p<0.0001).Female donors are more vulnerable to adverse donor reaction than male donors (5.97%) (4.94%) (p<0.001). In this study it was also found that, fainting or vasovagal attack was more common in female donors (0.77 %) than male donors (0.35 %). It was also found incidence were more in first time donor (1.08%) than repeated donor (0.0%) in case of female donor. Adverse donor reaction after donation and complaints may be more common than previously thought. The post donation follow-up and interview is a good tool for defining the blood donor's experience. It can also be used to evaluate and potentially improve blood donor safety and comfort. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3088 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 39-47
Ileo-caecal Tuberculosis Associated with Hepatic Involvement - A Case Report
Authors: Begum SMK Nahar , Hoque M Azizul , Rahmen K Khalilur , Pramanik AK , Alam S Shafiqul 
Published: August 2009

This is the case history of a 36 year old male who presented with fever, diarrhoea, weight loss with tenderness in the right hypochondrium and right ileac region. This was finally diagnosed as an interesting case of ileo-caecal tuberculosis with associated hepatic involvement. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3093 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 60-63
Congenital Thyrotoxicosis with Congenital Glaucoma: A Case Report
Authors: Bari MI , Hoque ME , Alam T , Choudhury KM 
Published: August 2009

A case of preterm neonate with congenital thyrotoxicosis associated with congenital glaucoma is reported. Her mother had undiagnosed thyrotoxicosis. The diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis in the neonate was confirmed by an elevated serum tri-iodothyronine (T3) level of 8.09 nmol/L, thyroxin (T4) level of 3.09 nmol and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level 0.16mu/L. Congenital glaucoma was confirmed by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) which was 42.1 mmHg in right eye and 38.2 mm Hg in left eye. Corneal diameter was increased which was 13 mm in both eyes. Corneal oedema and Haab striae were also present. Probably, this is the first case of congenital thyrotoxicosis associated with congenital glaucoma reported in Bangladesh. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3094 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 64-66
Foreign Body (Bamboo Splinter of Broom Stick) in Soft Tissue
Authors: Pramanik MA Kasem , Bhaduri Joydeep , Rashid AM , Hasan M Nazmul 
Published: August 2009

Patients with foreign bodies inside soft tissues are common in a surgeon's daily practice,. Radio-opaque foreign bodies can easily be located with radiography but radio-lucent foreign bodies cannot be located with X-ray, where Ultrasonography especially, high resolution ultrasonography can be used to locate it. Ultrasonography, being easily available, cost-effective and radiation-hazard free, can be done repeatedly for foreign bodies which move inside tissues. The presenting article describes a patient with a radio-lucent foreign body, deep inside muscle in his fore-arm and having one sharp end, was advancing inside tissues, was located with the help of Ultrasonography and was removed. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3095 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 67-70
Head and Neck Cancer - An Overview
Authors: Hussain QM , Mahbub-Ul-Alam M 
Published: August 2009

Head and neck cancers encompass a diverse group of uncommon tumors that frequently are aggressive in their biological behaviors. Some new treatments are available, as are new ways of combining old treatments. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i1.3098 TAJ 2007; 20(1): 87-90
Plasma Adiponectin in Patients with Active, Early, and Chronic Rheumatoid Arthritis Who Are Steroid- and Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drug-Naive Compared with Patients with Osteoarthritis and Controls
Authors: LAURBERG TRINE BAY , FRYSTYK JAN , ELLINGSEN TORKELL , HANSEN IB T. , JØRGENSEN ANETTE , TARP ULRIK , HETLAND MERETE LUND , HØRSLEV-PETERSEN KIM , HORNUNG NETE , POULSEN JØRGEN HJELM , FLYVBJERG ALLAN , STENGAARD-PEDERSEN KRISTIAN 
Published: August 2009

Objective.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic chronic inflammatory joint disease, whereas osteoarthritis (OA) is a local joint disease with low-level inflammatory activity. The pathogenic role of the adipocytokine adiponectin is largely unknown in these diseases. We hypothesized (1) that plasma adiponectin concentrations differ in healthy controls and patients with early disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD)-naive RA, chronic RA, and OA; (2) that changes in adiponectin are observed during methotrexate (MTX) treatment of chronic RA; and (3) that adiponectin correlates to disease activity measures in RA.Methods.Plasma adiponectin was analyzed with a validated in-house immunoassay. We measured adiponectin in healthy controls (n = 45) and patients with early DMARD-naive RA (n = 40), chronic RA (n = 74), and OA (n = 35). In a subgroup of patients with chronic RA (n = 31), the longitudinal effect of MTX treatment on adiponectin (Week 0 vs Week 28) was investigated.Results.Adiponectin differed significantly between healthy controls (mean 4.8 ± SD 2.7 mg/l) and the 3 groups, with 8.9 ± 4.8 mg/l in early RA, 11.6 ± 5.6 mg/l in chronic RA, and 14.1 ± 6.4 mg/l in OA. Longitudinally, MTX treatment increased adiponectin significantly from 9.7 ± 4.5 mg/l at Week 0 to 11.0 ± 4.5 mg/l at Week 28 in chronic RA. No correlations to disease activity measures were found.Conclusion.Both early DMARD-naive and chronic RA were associated with higher plasma adiponectin compared to healthy controls, but lower plasma adiponectin than OA. Adiponectin increased 13% during MTX treatment. In patients with RA and OA body mass index, age, sex, and disease activity measures failed to explain the findings.
Cigarette Smoking,STAT4andTNFRSF1BPolymorphisms, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Japanese Population
Authors: KIYOHARA CHIKAKO , WASHIO MASAKAZU , HORIUCHI TAKAHIKO , TADA YOSHIFUMI , ASAMI TOYOKO , IDE SABURO , ATSUMI TATSUYA , KOBASHI GEN , TAKAHASHI HIROKI 
Published: August 2009

Objective.Recent studies have identified signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) as a susceptibility gene for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in different populations. Similarly, tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1B (TNFRSF1B) has been reported to be associated with SLE risk in Japanese populations. Along with environmental factors such as smoking, both polymorphisms may modulate an individual’s susceptibility to SLE. We investigated these relationships in a case-control study to evaluate risk factors for SLE among Japanese women.Methods.We investigated the relationship of theSTAT4rs7574865 andTNFRSF1Brs1061622 polymorphisms to SLE risk with special reference to their combination and interaction with cigarette smoking among 152 SLE cases and 427 controls.Results.The TT genotype ofSTAT4rs7574865 was significantly associated with increased risk of SLE (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.10–4.68). Subjects with at least one G allele ofTNFRSF1Brs1061622 had an increased risk of SLE (OR 1.56, 95% CI 0.99–2.47). The attributable proportion due to the interaction between theTNFRSF1Brs1061622 genotypes and smoking was estimated to be 0.49 (95% CI 0.07–0.92), indicating that 49% of the excess risk for SLE in smokers with at least one G allele was due to an additive interaction. A lack of significant associations ofSTAT4with smoking was observed. No significant gene-gene interactions were found among polymorphisms ofSTAT4andTNFRSF1B.Conclusion.Our findings suggest that the association between cigarette smoking and SLE could be differentiated by theTNFRSF1Brs1061622 T allele among female Japanese subjects. This preliminary exploratory result should be confirmed in a larger study.
Laser Doppler Perfusion Imaging Is Useful in the Study of Raynaud’s Phenomenon and Improves the Capillaroscopic Diagnosis
Authors: ROSATO EDOARDO , BORGHESE FEDERICA , PISARRI SIMONETTA , SALSANO FELICE 
Published: August 2009

Objective.To investigate capillary morphology and skin blood flow of dorsal hands by nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) and laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI), respectively, in patients with primary Raynaud’s phenomenon (PRP) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to compare the results with those obtained in healthy controls.Methods.The study group consisted of 142 patients with SSc, 88 patients with PRP, and 147 healthy controls. NVC was performed in all the groups examined. In patients with SSc the capillaroscopic pattern was classified as early, active, or late group pattern. A baseline skin blood flow determination of the dorsum of the subject’s hands was acquired through a low-energy 670 nm Lisca Laser Doppler Perfusion Imager.Results.In the healthy controls the perfusion distribution pattern was homogeneous, with a proximal-distal perfusion gradient. In patients with PRP, the perfusion distribution pattern was homogeneous, but the proximal-distal perfusion gradient was absent. Finally, in patients with SSc the perfusion distribution pattern was dyshomogeneous and a proximal-distal gradient was absent. The minimum perfusion, mean perfusion, maximum perfusion, and standard deviation, calculated as variation by means of each measurement site, were significantly different in all the groups examinated.Conclusion.NVC represents the best method to analyze microvascular damage in rheumatic diseases. LDPI improves the evaluation of vascular damage in patients with SSc. The LDPI and the capillaroscopic images fully matched the definition of the various stages of vascular digital damage in SSc.
Developing a Standardized Definition for Disease “Flare” in Rheumatoid Arthritis (OMERACT 9 Special Interest Group): Table 1.
Authors: BINGHAM CLIFTON O. , POHL CHRISTOPH , WOODWORTH THASIA G. , HEWLETT SARAH E. , MAY JAMES E. , RAHMAN MAHBOOB U. , WITTER JAMES P. , FURST DANIEL E. , STRAND C. VIBEKE , BOERS MAARTEN , ALTEN RIEKE E. 
Published: August 2009

Objective.Traditional outcome measures in randomized controlled trials (RCT) include well-established response criteria as well as ACR EULAR responses using Disease Activity Score 44 (DAS44)/DAS28 to assess improvement; however, a measure to assess worsening of disease has yet to be developed. This special interest group (SIG) was established to develop an evidence-based, consensus-driven standard definition of “flare” in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.At OMERACT 8, the need for a standardized definition of RA flare was recognized; interested individuals developed a proposal to form a SIG. A literature review was performed to identify publications and abstracts with flare definitions applied in RA, JIA, and lupus RCT as well as concerning patient perspectives on disease worsening. A SIG was held at OMERACT 9 with breakout sessions for patients and investigators.Results.The RA flare SIG was attended by about 120 participants, including 11 patients. Patients and investigators held separate breakout sessions to discuss various aspects of disease worsening. The following consensus was obtained at OMERACT 9: a working definition of flare should indicate worsening of disease activity (88%), persistence, and duration as critical elements (77%), and consideration of change or increase in therapy (74%).Conclusion.A working definition of RA flare was developed based on these votes: flare is any worsening of disease activity that would, if persistent, in most cases lead to initiation or change of therapy; and a flare represents a cluster of symptoms of sufficient duration and intensity to require initiation, change, or increase in therapy. Using this working definition, evaluation of candidate domains will be conducted via Delphi exercise and further informed by patient focus groups. Validation of candidate definitions in appropriate RCT will be required.
Electrical conductivity mapping for precision farming
Authors: Lück E. , Gebbers R. , Ruehlmann J. , Spangenberg U. 
Published: August 2009

Precision farming overcomes the paradigm of uniform field treatment by site‐specific data acquisition and treatment to cope with within‐field variability. Precision farming heavily relies on spatially dense information about soil and crop status. While it is often difficult and expensive to obtain precise soil information by traditional soil sampling and laboratory analysis some geophysical methods offer means to obtain subsidiary data in an efficient way. In particular, geoelectrical soil mapping has become widely accepted in precision farming. At present it is the most successful geophysical method providing the spatial distribution of relevant agronomic information that enables us to determine management zones for precision farming.Much work has been done to test the applicability of existing geoelectrical methods and to develop measurement systems applicable in the context of precision farming. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to introduce the basic ideas of precision farming, to discuss current precision farming applied geoelectrical methods and instruments and to give an overview about our corresponding activities during recent years. Different experiments were performed both in the laboratory and in the field to estimate first, electrical conductivity affecting factors, second, relationships between direct push and surface measurements, third, the seasonal stability of electrical conductivity patterns and fourth, the relationship between plant yield and electrical conductivity. From the results of these experiments, we concluded that soil texture is a very dominant factor in electrical conductivity mapping. Soil moisture affects both the level and the dynamic range of electrical conductivity readings.Nevertheless, electrical conductivity measurements can be principally performed independent of season. However, electrical conductivity field mapping does not produce reliable maps of spatial particle size distribution of soils, e.g., necessary to generate input parameters for water and nutrient transport models. The missing step to achieve this aim may be to develop multi‐sensor systems that allow adjusting the electrical conductivity measurement from the influence of different soil water contents.
Imaging near‐surface inhomogeneities using weighted multipath summation
Authors: Shtivelman Vladimir , Keydar Shemer , Mikenberg Michael 
Published: August 2009

Imaging of shallow subsurface objects in 3D space can be performed by a spatial summation of seismic waves diffracted by these objects. The summation can be implemented using either a fixed velocity or, alternatively, a recently introduced multipath summation approach. The multipath summation does not require any explicit information on velocities since it is performed for all possible velocity values within a wide specified range. However, the spatial resolution of the images obtained by the multipath summation is usually inferior to those obtained using the fixed velocity approach.In order to improve the image quality, we propose a new approach to the multipath summation performing the summation with image dependent weights. The ‘optimal’ weights can be obtained from asymptotics of the corresponding path integral (which is a continuous analogue of the multi‐path summation). Application of the weighted multipath summation to synthetic and real data demonstrates that the quality of the imaging can be greatly improved as compared to the unweighted summation and sometimes even to the fixed velocity approach. Moreover, the weighted multipath summation can produce reliable estimates of the summation parameter (velocity above the target object), which in some cases can be used to further improve the image quality.
Uncertainty propagation using some common mixing rules for the modelling and interpretation of electromagnetic data
Authors: Sambuelli Luigi 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThis study deals with the calculation of the uncertainty that occurs when one wants to estimate the porosity of a mixture from its electric and electromagnetic response. The uncertainty when estimating the electric and/or electromagnetic response (conductivity, permittivity or magnetic permeability) of a saturated granular medium, from the responses of its components has also been calculated.Some of the most common mixing rules used in geophysics have been analysed. Particular attention has been paid to the uncertainties that can be encountered in field surveys in order to make the user aware of the range of variability of the results. A comparative analysis shows that in the porosity range , some commonly used mixing rules can lead to results that differ by even 100%. In the same porosity range, when uncertainty bars are considered, some mixing rules show such overlapped uncertainty bands that the choice among different mixing rules seems to depend more on the achievable uncertainty than the physical hypotheses on which they are built. In fully saturated materials, such as in river bed sediments or in the saturated zone of aquifers, the estimation of the water content can easily be affected by an uncertainty of 10%. Particular attention should therefore be paid when dealing with multi‐phase materials: the Archie mixing rule, for example, when applied to low saturated, loose material, may give rise to high uncertainties.
High‐resolution magnetic gradient and electrical resistivity tomography survey at the Plaka Petrified Forest Park in Lesvos Island, Greece
Authors: Vargemezis G. , Zouros N. , Tsourlos P. , Fikos I. 
Published: August 2009

Lesvos Island, in the North Aegean area of Greece, exposes large accumulations of fossilized tree trunks. They are collectively known as the Petrified Forest of Lesvos, a designated protected natural monument. The paper describes the results of a geophysical study that has been carried out in the area of Plaka on the western part of Lesvos in order to investigate the near‐surface geology and detect buried fossilized tree trunks.In situ and laboratory measurements of magnetic and electrical properties of the trunks have been conducted. Considering the magnetic susceptibility distribution and the contrast between the trunks and the surrounding material, magnetic gradient anomalies of negative signature were expected to reflect the existence of trunks. Electrical resistivity tomography has also been conducted in order to detect buried trunks, based on their resistivity contrast with the pyroclastic surrounding material.Flow paths of the pyroclastic material that can be related to the tectonic features at the time have been detected. In general, petrified trunks have been detected as high resistive bodies. In one case, where the trunk was buried very close to the surface, the resistivity was lower than the surrounding material.2D and 3D subsurface resistivity models of the surveyed area have been constructed, pointing out probable locations of buried petrified trunks. Excavations that followed the geophysical survey revealed petrified trunks in most of the cases although some of the excavated resistive targets proved to be surface fracture systems filled with resistive oxides.