bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of published studies on virtual reality in sexuality research
Authors: Marques João Miguel , Figueiredo Caio Petrus Monteiro , Scanavino Marco D T 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Virtual reality (VR) technology contributes to greater approach of methodological safety to make ecological validity more feasible and a growing interest in sexuality behaviors.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to show VR in the sexuality area by a comprehensive review of outcomes, offer a synthesis of the studies, and make a methodological quality assessment of finding results. A secondary goal was to investigate the effect of immersion on diverse sexual responses outcomes.

Methods
We designed a review based on a systematic review strategy describing types of studies, participants, data collection and outcomes; searched in 4 electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and SciELO), and made a full-text screening process.

Results
The study found 18 articles that met research criteria synthesized within 3 outcome groups: erection measures, level of immersion, and biomarker studies. Synthesis shows a lack of methodological aspects that impair results, such as description of methods from bias protection, randomization, or concealment. The literature still needs to improve its methodology, even though it already shows relevant data for intervention in sexual dysfunction, forensic psychiatry, sexual attraction, orientation, and use of pornography.

Conclusion
Current methodological issues need better design to highlight relevant issues in sexuality with stronger quality of design, opening boundaries to new diagnostic or interventional technologies to sexual health.
Understanding noma: WHO's recognition and the path forward in global health
Authors: Satapathy Prakasini , Rustagi Sarvesh , Kumar Pawan , Khatib Mahalaqua Nazli , Gaidhane Shilpa , Zahiruddin Quazi Syed , Gaidhane Abhay M , Neyazi Mehrab , Neyazi Ahmad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The World Health Organization's (WHO) designation of noma as a neglected tropical disease (NTD) on 15 December 2023 marks a crucial advancement in global health efforts. This move sheds light on a condition predominantly affecting undernourished children in isolated regions of sub-Saharan Africa. Recognized as the 21st NTD, noma, or cancrum oris, is a serious condition leading to orofacial gangrene. The disease largely impacts young children and those with compromised immune systems, including individuals with human immunodeficiency virus or leukaemia. Determining the exact prevalence of noma is complex, hindered by rapid disease progression, societal stigma and a lack of reporting, especially in impoverished areas. The WHO's acknowledgment is a significant step, emphasizing the need for more in-depth research and resources to address this overlooked disease. It highlights the critical role of multifaceted prevention strategies, including economic empowerment, improved nutrition and enhanced vaccination efforts. This recognition is pivotal in guiding international health initiatives towards better outcomes for some of the most at-risk populations globally.
The Effect of Knee Height Asymmetry on Gait Biomechanics
Authors: Altiok Haluk , Burnham Robert , Simon Jacqueline C. , Flanagan Ann , Kawaiah Abdal , Sienko Susan , Buckon Cathleen , Bauer Jeremy P. , Kruger Karen M. , Krzak Joseph J. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Though the primary goal for limb length discrepancy (LLD) management is to equalize the leg lengths, symmetry between corresponding long bones is usually not achieved, leading to knee height asymmetry (KHA). To date, there is minimal information on what effect KHA has on gait biomechanics and joint loading. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of KHA on gait biomechanics.

Methods:
Seventeen subjects with KHA after limb equalizing surgery and 10 healthy controls were enrolled. Subjects participated in 3D gait analysis collected using self-selected speed. Lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, work generated/absorbed, and total work were calculated. Standing lower limb x-rays and scanograms were used to measure LLD and calculate the tibia-to-femur (TF) ratio for each limb. Two sample t tests were used to compare differences in standing LLD, TF ratio, and work between groups. Bivariate correlation using Pearson correlation coefficients was conducted between TF ratio and total mechanical work, as well as between knee height asymmetry indices and total work asymmetry (α=0.05).

Results:
Among participants, there were no differences between LLD; however, there were differences between TF ratio and knee height asymmetry. We found a nonsignificant relationship between TF ratio and total mechanical work for individual lower extremities. Therefore, the length of individual bones (TF ratio) relative to each other within the individual lower extremity was not associated with the amount of work produced. However, when a difference exists between sides (asymmetry, ie, TF ratio asymmetry), there were associated differences in work (work asymmetry) produced between sides (r=0.54, P=0.003). In other words, greater knee height asymmetry between limbs resulted in more asymmetrical mechanical work during walking.

Conclusions:
These findings may have implications for the management of LLD. Asymmetrical total mechanical work could lead to atypical joint loading during gait. Surgeons may want to consider prioritizing achieving knee height symmetry as a postoperative goal when correcting limb length discrepancy.

Level of Evidence:
Level III, Case Control Study.
A cohort study of the multipollutant effects of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 on C-reactive protein levels during pregnancy
Authors: Gogna Priyanka , Borghese Michael M. , Villeneuve Paul J. , Kumarathasan Premkumari , Johnson Markey , Shutt Robin H. , Ashley-Martin Jillian , Bouchard Maryse F. , King Will D. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
PM2.5, NO2, and O3 contribute to the development of adverse pregnancy complications. While studies have investigated the independent effects of these exposures, literature on their combined effects is limited. Our objective was to study the multipollutant effects of PM2.5, NO2, and O3 on maternal systemic C-reactive protein (CRP) levels.

Methods:
We used data from 1170 pregnant women enrolled in the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals Study (MIREC) study in Canada. Air pollution exposures were assigned to each participant based on residential location. CRP was measured in third-trimester blood samples. We fit multipollutant linear regression models and evaluated the effects of air pollutant mixtures (14-day averages) using repeated-holdout Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression and by calculating the Air Quality Health Index (AQHI).

Results:
In multipollutant models adjusting for NO2, O3, and green space, each interquartile range (IQR) increase in 14-day average PM2.5 (IQR: 6.9 µg/m3) was associated with 27.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 6.2, 50.7) higher CRP. In air pollution mixture models adjusting for green space, each IQR increase in AQHI was associated with 37.7% (95% CI = 13.9, 66.5) higher CRP; and an IQR increase in the WQS index was associated with 78.6% (95% CI = 29.7, 146.0) higher CRP.

Conclusion:
PM2.5 has the strongest relationship of the individual pollutants examined with maternal blood CRP concentrations. Mixtures incorporating all three pollutants, assessed using the AQHI and WQS index, showed stronger relationships with CRP compared with individual pollutants and illustrate the importance of conducting multipollutant analyses.
Terpenes from Cannabis sativa induce antinociception in a mouse model of chronic neuropathic pain via activation of adenosine A2A receptors
Authors: Schwarz Abigail M. , Keresztes Attila , Bui Thai , Hecksel Ryan , Peña Adrian , Lent Brianna , Gao Zhan-Guo , Gamez-Rivera Martín , Seekins Caleb A. , Chou Kerry , Appel Taylor L. , Jacobson Kenneth A. , Al-Obeidi Fahad A. , Streicher John M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Terpenes are small hydrocarbon compounds that impart aroma and taste to many plants, including Cannabis sativa. A number of studies have shown that terpenes can produce pain relief in various pain states in both humans and animals. However, these studies were methodologically limited and few established mechanisms of action. In our previous work, we showed that the terpenes geraniol, linalool, β-pinene, α-humulene, and β-caryophyllene produced cannabimimetic behavioral effects via multiple receptor targets. We thus expanded this work to explore the potential antinociception and mechanism of these Cannabis terpenes in a mouse model of chronic pain. We first tested for antinociception by injecting terpenes (200 mg/kg, IP) into male and female CD-1 mice with mouse models of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) or lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory pain, finding that the terpenes produced roughly equal antinociception to 10 mg/kg morphine or 3.2 mg/kg WIN55,212. We further found that none of the terpenes produced reward as measured by conditioned place preference, while low doses of terpene (100 mg/kg) combined with morphine (3.2 mg/kg) produced enhanced antinociception vs either alone. We then used the adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) selective antagonist istradefylline (3.2 mg/kg, IP) and spinal cord–specific CRISPR knockdown of the A2AR to identify this receptor as the mechanism for terpene antinociception in CIPN. In vitro cAMP and binding studies and in silico modeling studies further suggested that the terpenes act as A2AR agonists. Together these studies identify Cannabis terpenes as potential therapeutics for chronic neuropathic pain and identify a receptor mechanism for this activity.
Distribution and Severity of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in Women With Different Human Papillomavirus: An Analysis From Liaoning Province of Northeastern China
Authors: Wei Xin , Zhou Yi-Hang , Chen Peng 
Published: May 2024

Objective
Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) is a key contributor to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), but the relation between high-risk HPV genotypes and the location of CIN lesions remains unclear. The aims of this study were to investigate the most frequent biopsy site of CIN lesions in women with different HPV infection and to analyze the biopsy times, CIN frequency, and the clustering of CIN frequency based on 12-o'clock sites and cervical quadrant locations.

Materials and Method
We conducted a retrospective study of HPV detection and genotyping at the virology department of our hospital. Colposcopy exams were performed by specialists according to a standardized protocol, and all visually abnormal areas were further biopsied. Pearson chi-squared tests and cluster analyses were implemented to analyze the data.

Results
Among 1,381 women enrolled in this study, 933 cases infected with HPV. HPV16, HPV58, and HPV18 were the most common genotypes. The most frequent biopsy site was the 6 o'clock position. The highest frequency of high-grade CIN findings in single-genotype HPV groups was the 6 o'clock position and that for multiple-genotype HPV group was the 12 o'clock location. All CIN clusters were found in the 6 and 12 o'clock biopsy sites, except in the HPV18 group. Quadrant 2 and 4 were clustered in most groups.

Conclusions
The 6 and 12 o'clock sites in cervical quadrant 2 and 4 should be targeted during cervical biopsy procedures. These findings can provide clinicians with specific recommendations on the optimal site for CIN biopsy when considering the HPV genotype.
Prescribing Practices of Recommended Treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis and Chlamydia trachomatis After 2021 Sexually Transmitted Infection Treatment Guideline Update
Authors: Arena Christen J. , Kenney Rachel M. , Eriksson Erin , Brar Indira , Veve Michael P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We evaluated the proportion of patients with trichomoniasis and chlamydial infections who received recommended versus nonrecommended antibiotic therapy after the updated 2021 Sexually Transmitted Infections Guideline. Of 712 patients, 473 (66%) received recommended therapy. Receipt of emergency department care was independently associated with recommended therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.5–2.9).
The Association of Interlimb Coordination and Temporal Symmetry With Walking Function and Motor Impairment After Stroke
Authors: Cleland Brice Thomas , Madhavan Sangeetha 
Published: May 2024

Objective
Interlimb coordination during walking is impaired after stroke, with unknown effects on walking function. This cross-sectional study determined associations of interlimb coordination and temporal symmetry with walking function and motor impairment.

Design
During walking, participants wore wireless sensors to detect heel strikes. We calculated interlimb coordination as the phase coordination index and temporal symmetry as the ratio of contralesional (i.e., paretic) to ipsilesional (i.e., nonparetic) stance times. Associations with walking speed (10-meter walk test), walking endurance (6-min walk test), dynamic balance (Mini-Balance Evaluation Systems Test), and motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Lower Extremity assessment) were assessed.

Results
Fifty-six individuals with chronic stroke were tested. Worse interlimb coordination was correlated with slower comfortable (R = −0.38, P = 0.004) and maximal (R = −0.36, P = 0.006) walking speed and worse motor function (R = −0.45, P = 0.001). Worse temporal symmetry was correlated with worse motor function (R = 0.39, P = 0.004). Interlimb coordination had stronger associations than temporal symmetry with comfortable (R = −0.38 vs. 0.08) and maximal walking speeds (R = −0.36 vs. 0.12).

Conclusions
Poor interlimb coordination was associated with slow walking and motor impairment and had stronger associations with walking speeds than temporal symmetry did. Interlimb coordination may provide unique insights into walking function and a target for walking rehabilitation after stroke.
COVID-19 Incidence, Risk Factors, Impact, and Related Stigma Among a Cohort of Persons With HIV in Washington, DC
Authors: Barth Shannon K. , Monroe Anne K. , Houston Patricia , Benator Debra , Horberg Michael , Castel Amanda D. ,   on behalf of the DC Cohort Executive Committee
Published: May 2024

Background:
Studies on the incidence of COVID-19 among persons with HIV (PWHs) present varied results. Few studies have investigated the impact of COVID-19 infection on health and socioeconomic factors or COVID-19 stigma. We sought to measure the incidence and severity of COVID-19 infection among a cohort of PWHs, characterize associated risk factors and impact, and document perceptions of COVID-19-related stigma.

Methods:
Data for this cross-sectional study come from the COVID-19 survey of participants in the DC Cohort longitudinal study from October 30, 2020, through December 31, 2022. Survey results were linked to electronic health records, including HIV laboratory test results and COVID test results. We conducted analyses comparing demographic, socioeconomic, HIV measures, and stigma among those with and without self-reported COVID-19.

Results:
Of 1972 survey respondents, 17% self-reported COVID-19 infection, with the greatest incidence in the Omicron wave of the pandemic. We found statistically significant differences by age, employment status, essential worker status, education, and household income. Longer duration of HIV diagnosis was associated with greater incidence of COVID-19. PWHs who were overweight or obese had a greater incidence of COVID-19 compared with those who were not. Over 40% of PWHs with COVID-19 reported experiencing at least 1 form of COVID-19-related stigma.

Conclusion:
We observed a high incidence of COVID-19 infection among PWHs in DC. Furthermore, a substantial proportion of PWHs with COVID-19 reported experiencing COVID-19-related stigma. These findings add to the existing literature on COVID-19 coinfection among PWHs and highlight the need for awareness and support for those experiencing COVID-19 stigma.
Predictors of Plastic Surgery Applicant Success: An Analysis of the Texas STAR Database
Authors: Hallman Taylor G. , Qureshi Umer , Soltani Hannah , Gutowski Kristof S. , Arcelona Christian , Donaldson Rachel , Mihalic Angela P. , Gosain Arun K. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Integrated plastic surgery residency is one of the most competitive medical specialties. Although previous studies have surveyed integrated plastic surgery residency program directors regarding desired applicant characteristics, there is a paucity of literature assessing detailed application characteristics and reported match outcomes from applicants in recent application cycles. This study examines application characteristics associated with matching into integrated plastic surgery residency from 2017 to 2023.

Methods:
The authors accessed the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency database, which contains survey information from graduating medical students nationwide regarding residency application characteristics and specialties/programs to which applications were submitted. Characteristics of matched versus unmatched applicants between 2017 and 2023 were compared using χ2 and 2-sided, independent t tests. Univariate logistic regression models were used to assess predictors of a successful match.

Results:
A total of 381 integrated plastic surgery residency applicants responded to the Texas Seeking Transparency in Application to Residency survey from 2017 to 2023. Mean United States Medical Licensing Exam Step 2 CK scores; the number of away rotations, interview offers, and honored clerkships; and Alpha Omega Alpha membership rate were significantly associated with and predictive of matching. Preference signaling of programs was associated with an increased interview offer rate.

Conclusions:
Higher board examination scores, increasing numbers of honored clerkships, away rotations, and Alpha Omega Alpha membership were identified as statistically significant predictors of matching into integrated plastic surgery residency. Prospective applicants should use this information to help guide their efforts in these areas that appear to be associated with a successful transition to residency.
The Top 100 Most-Cited Publications in Clinical Craniofacial Research
Authors: Braud Savannah C. , Treger Dylan , Lizardi Juan J. , Boghosian Tanya , El Abd Rawan , Arakelians Aris , Jabori Sinan K. , Thaller Seth R. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Craniosynostosis is a birth defect defined as premature closure of sutures leading to possible neurological deficits and cosmetic deformities. Most of the current literature to date focuses on craniosynostosis etiology by analyzing genetics. This paper is a bibliometric analysis of the most influential works related to the clinical management of craniosynostosis to help guide clinicians in their decision-making.

Methods and Materials:
Clarivate Web of Science database was used to identify the top 100 most-cited articles addressing the clinical management of craniosynostosis. A bibliometric review was performed to analyze publication metrics and track research trends.

Results:
The 100 most-cited publications pertaining to craniosynostosis management were cited a cumulative 12,779 times. The highest cited article was Shillito and colleagues’ “Craniosynostosis: A Review Of 519 Surgical Patients” with 352 citations. The oldest clinical craniosynostosis article dates back to 1948, and the most recent was published in 2016. The year with the most clinical-focused publications was 2011. The most prolific author was Renier, D. The United States produced 56 of the 100 articles. Most articles (n=52) were level 3 evidence.

Discussion:
This bibliometric evaluation of craniosynostosis provides insight into the most impactful literature on this topic. The highest cited articles retrospectively analyze large sample sizes, outline proper evaluation, discuss intervention timelines, and highlight specific treatment plans for this birth defect. By filtering through existing literature, this analysis can guide clinicians on the management of craniosynostosis to maximize patient outcomes.
Nasal Airway Volumes are More Asymmetric in Skeletally Mature Patients With Cleft lip and Palate Than Controls on 3-Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Romeo Dominic J. , Oral Kaan T. , Massenburg Benjamin B. , Ng Jinggang J. , Wu Meagan , Sussman Jonathan H. , Du Steven , Bartlett Scott P. , Swanson Jordan W. , Taylor Jesse A. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
This study assesses nasal airway volumes in skeletally mature patients with CLP and healthy controls and examines the relationship among nasal volumes, cleft laterality, and facial asymmetry.

Methods:
Computed tomography images from patients with CLP and controls were analyzed using Mimics Version 23.0 (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium). Relationships among nasal airway volume, cleft laterality, and facial asymmetry were compared.

Results:
The 89 patients in this study included 66 (74%) CLP and 23 (17%) controls. Nasal airway volumes in CLP were more asymmetric than controls (26.8±17.5% vs. 17.2±14.4%; P=0.015). In UCLP, the smaller nasal airway was on the cleft side 81% of the time (P<0.001). Maximum airway stenosis was on the cleft side 79% of the time (P<0.001), and maximum stenosis was on the same side as the smaller airway 89% of the time (P<0.001). There was a mild linear relationship between nasal airway asymmetry and maximum stenosis (r=0.247, P=0.023). On 3-dimensional image reconstruction, the septum often bowed convexly into the cleft-sided nasal airway with a caudal deviation towards the noncleft side. Nasal airway asymmetry was not associated with facial midline asymmetry (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
The nasal airway is more asymmetric in patients with cleft lip and palate compared with the general population, with the area of maximum stenosis usually occurring on the cleft-sided airway. In patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, the septum often bows into the cleft side, reducing the size of that nasal airway. Nasal airway asymmetry did not correlate with facial asymmetry.
Comparison of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Nasal Bone Fracture by Physicians in China With Different Levels of Experience
Authors: Jian Feitong , Wu Shuo 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the conflicts in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal bone fracture by Chinese otolaryngologists to improve the diagnosis and treatment accuracy of junior otolaryngologists and emergency physicians.

Methods:
A questionnaire was designed and filled out by otolaryngologists in large general hospitals. The questions included how to choose an auxiliary examination to diagnose nasal bone fracture, whether tamponade is required after closed reduction, the selection of packing materials, the timing of an operation, and the evaluation of postoperative effect. The questionnaire results were divided into 3 groups according to the experience levels of experienced of physicians.

Results:
A total of 151 otolaryngologists with different levels of experience from 26 provinces in China completed the questionnaire. 90.73% of physicians thought that nasal bone computed tomography was the most important auxiliary examination to diagnose a nasal bone fracture. 52.32% of them compared photos before and after the operation to evaluate postoperative effects. About 53% of physicians thought that 7 to 10 days after reducing local swelling is the optimal time for closed reduction.

Conclusions:
There is no obvious difference in the diagnosis and treatment of nasal bone fracture among otolaryngologists with different levels of experience in Chinese otolaryngologists with different levels. Most physicians choose nasal bone computed tomography for diagnosis, perform surgery at 7 to 10 days after injury, and compare photos from before and after the operation to evaluate the postoperative effect.