bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased prevalence of acromegaly in a highly polluted area
Authors: Cannavò S , Ferraù F , Ragonese M , Curtò L , Torre M L , Magistri M , Marchese A , Alibrandi A , Trimarchi F 
Published: July 2010

ObjectiveDespite the contribution of national registries and population-based reports, data concerning the epidemiology of acromegaly is scanty. In addition, the role of the environmental context has not been investigated.DesignEpidemiology of acromegaly was studied in the province of Messina (Sicily, Italy), focusing on the influence of environmental factors.MethodsFour zones, characterized by different degrees of exposition to environmental toxins due to industrial pollution, were identified in the province: area A (76 338 inhabitants), area B (287 328 inhabitants), area C (243 381 inhabitants), and area D (47 554 inhabitants) at low, middle-low, middle, and high industrial density respectively. We identified all acromegalics who were born and resided in the province of Messina, among patients either referred to our endocrine unit or referred elsewhere but recorded in the archives of the provincial healthcare agency.ResultsIn the province of Messina, we found 64 patients (2 in area A, 24 in area B, 28 in area C, and 10 in area D). Macroadenomas were 60%, the male/female ratio was 1, and mean age at diagnosis (±s.e.m.) was 45.4±1.6 years. Overall, prevalence was 97 c.p.m. in the province (26 c.p.m. in area A, 84 c.p.m. in area B, 115 c.p.m. in area C, and 210 c.p.m. in area D). Risk ratio (RR), calculated in every area assuming area A as a reference, showed an increased risk of developing acromegaly in people residing in area D (RR=8.03; P<0.0014).ConclusionThis study confirms the prevalence of acromegaly reported recently. The increased risk of developing this disease in area D suggests that the pathogenetic role of environmental context needs to be better evaluated.
Writing in Late Immersion Biology and History Classes in Hong Kong
Authors: Kong Stella 
Published: July 2010

Previous research has shown that late immersion education in Hong Kong is not achieving the dual curriculum goals of content and second language learning which a late immersion curriculum can expect. This article presents a case study of writing in four late English immersion classes in Hong Kong, two in Biology and two in History, examining whether and how some of the teaching and learning processes with respect to writing support content and language learning. The study analyzed 285 samples of student writing using a writing analysis framework that reflects features of both content and language learning. The writing analysis, along with contextual data from teacher and student interviews and a teacher questionnaire, indicate that students demonstrate little content and language learning in their writing. The data suggest that the writing pedagogy adopted may partly explain the unsatisfactory learning outcomes. A major reason for adoption of the pedagogy seems to lie in the teachers’ and students’ views of the role of copying and memorization in writing and in learning, views which are characteristic of the Chinese educational context. Implications for writing teacher education within an immersion curriculum where the immersion language is from a different educational culture are discussed. Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3
Early stress affects neurogenesis in the rat rostral migratory stream
Authors: Lievajová Kamila , Martončíková Marcela , Blaško Juraj , Orendáčová Judita , Almašiová Viera , Račeková Enikő 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
Stressful experience during the early postnatal period may influence processes associated with neurogenesis (i.e. proliferation, cell death, appearance of astrocytes or cell differentiation) in the neonatal rat rostral migratory stream (RMS). To induce stress, pups were subjected to maternal deprivation daily for three hours, starting from the first postnatal day till the seventh postnatal day. Immunohistochemical methods were used to visualize proliferating cells and astrocytes; dying cells and nitrergic cells were visualized using histochemical staining. Quantitative analysis showed that maternal deprivation decreased the number of proliferating cells and significantly increased the number of dying cells in the RMS. Maternal deprivation did not influence the appearance of astrocytes in the RMS, but caused premature differentiation of nitrergic cells. In control rats, nitrergic cells can be observed in the RMS as early as the tenth postnatal day. In maternally deprived pups, these cells were detected as early as the seventh postnatal day. The observed earlier appearance of nitrergic cells in the RMS was associated with altered proliferation and increased cell dying and this observation supports the hypothesis that nitric oxide has an anti-proliferative role in the RMS. Our study demonstrates that maternal deprivation represents a stressful condition with a profound impact on early postnatal neurogenesis.
Electromagnetic field effects on Artemia hatching and chromatin state
Authors: Shckorbatov Yuriy , Rudneva Irina , Pasiuga Vladimir , Grabina Valentin , Kolchigin Nikolay , Ivanchenko Dmitriy , Kazanskiy Oleg , Shayda Valentin , Dumin Oleksandr 
Published: July 2010

Abstract
The influence of magnetic fields on hatching and chromatin state of brine shrimp, Artemia sp., was investigated. Dry Artemia cysts were exposed to a magnetic field of intensity 25 mT for 10 min. The magnetic field was applied in different variants: constant field, rotating field of different directions (right-handed and left-handed) and different magnet polarization. The effect of ultra wideband pulse radiation and microwave radiation was also investigated. The energy density on the surface of object exposed to ultra wideband pulse radiation was 10−2, 10−3, 10−4, 10−5 and 10−6 W/cm2, the power of microwave radiation was 10−4 and 10−5 W/cm2, exposure time - 10 s. After incubation of the cysts for 48 hours in sea water the hatching percentage of Artemia from exposed cysts was higher than in controls. The number of heterochromatin granules was significantly higher in the nauplia (newborn larvae of Artemia) developed from cysts that had been exposed to magnetic and electromagnetic fields. The data obtained demonstrate an increase in percentage hatching of Artemia cysts after treatment with magnetic and electromagnetic fields and chromatin condensation in nauplia. We have also shown different effects of right-handed and left-handed rotating magnetic fields on these processes.
Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation and Constitutive Expression of PgNHX1 from Pennisetum glaucum L. in Oryza sativa L. cv. Binnatoa
Authors: Islam S.M. Touhidul , Tammi R.S. , Singla-Pareek Sneh L. , Seraj Z.I. 
Published: July 2010

In an effort to improve salinity tolerance in rice, the Pennisetum glaucum vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter gene (PgNHX1) was transformed and expressed in Bangla-deshi rice Binnatoa under the constitutive promoter CaMV35S. Transgenic status of the plant was confirmed by PCR and Southern blot hybridization. RT-PCR and Western dot-blot analyses were performed to validate the expression of the transgene at RNA and protein levels, respectively. At 160 mM (ECe of 16 dS/m) NaCl stress the transgenic seedlings showed enhanced tolerance compared to controls. Key words: Salinity tolerance, PgNHX1, CaMV35S, Binnatoa D.O.I.10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4912 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 25-33, 2009 (June)
Molecular Analysis of Hexaploid Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars by RAPD Markers
Authors: Mitra S. , Nasiruddin K. M. , Chowdhury E. H. 
Published: July 2010

RAPD assay was conducted for molecular genetic analysis of six wheat cultivars, such as, Kanchan, Sourav, Gourab, Shatabdi, Pavon and BAW-1006 to observe genetic variability and relatedness among these cultivars. Three out of 12 decamer random primers showed distinctly polymorphic bands when used to amplify genomic DNA. The primers yielded a total of 23 RAPD markers of which 14 were considered as polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity (h) values were 34.78% and 0.153 for BAW-1006, 30.43% and 0.124 for Kanchan, 26.09% and 0.127 for Shatabdi, 26.09% and 0.127 for Pavon, 26.09% and 0.111 for Gourab, 21.74% and 0.098 for Sourav, respectively. The coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst) and gene flow (Nm) values across all the loci were 0.50 and 0.50, respectively indicating genetic divergence among populations. The UPGMA dendrogram based on Nei’s genetic distance, grouped six cultivars into two main clusters: Kanchan, Sourav, Gourab and Shatabdi in cluster I; Pavon and BAW-1006 in cluster II. The cluster I was further separated: Kanchan alone in sub-cluster I and Sourav, Gourab, Shatabdi in sub-cluster II; furthermore, Sourab and Gourab grouped together in sub-sub-cluster I of sub-cluster II with the lowest genetic distance of 0.035. Thus, RAPD offer a potentially simple, rapid and reliable method to evaluate genetic variation and relatedness among six wheat cultivars. Key words: RAPD, genetic diversity, polymorphic loci, wheat D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4915 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 35-44, 2009 (June)
In vitro Regeneration through Apical and Axillary Shoot Proliferation of Ficus religiosa L. - A Multi-purpose Woody Medicinal Plant
Authors: Hassan A.K.M. Sayeed , Afroz Farhana , Jahan Miskat Ara Akhter , Khatun Rahima 
Published: July 2010

A protocol was established for mass propagation of the valuable medicinal plant Ficus religiosa L. (Moraceae) through in vitro culture using apical and axillary buds of young sprouts from selected plants. Best shoot induction was observed on MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.1 mg/l IAA, in which 78 per cent of the explants produced 16 shoots per culture. Repeated subcultures in the same medium, resulted rapid shoot multiplication with 24 shoots per culture. In vitro raised shoots rooted on half strength MS supplemented with 2.0 mg/l IBA + 0.1 mg/l NAA. For acclimatization and transplantation, the plantlets in the rooting culture tubes were kept in normal room temperature for seven days before transplanting in pots where plantlets were reared for three weeks. The survival rate of regenerated plantlets was 85 per cent. Key words: Ficus religiosa, Medicinal plant, Shoot proliferation, Regeneration, Acclimatization D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4987 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 71-78, 2009 (June)
Somatic Embryogenesis and In vitro Plant Regeneration in Vigna trilobata (L.) Verd. - A Potential Pasture Legume
Authors: Choudhary K. , Singh M. , Rathore M. S. , Shekhawat N. S. 
Published: July 2010

This long term study demonstrates for the first time that it is possible to propagate embryogenic Vigna trilobata and to subsequently initiate the differentiation of embryos into complete plantlets. Initiation of callus was possible on 2,4-D. Somatic embryos differentiated on modified MS basal nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l of Kn. Sustained cell division resulted in globular and heart shape stages of somatic embryos. Transfer of embryos on to a fresh modified MS basal medium with 0.5 mg/l of Kn and 0.5 mg/l of GA3 helped them to attain maturation and germination. However, the propagation of cells, as well as the differentiation of embryos, were inhibited by a continuous application of these growth regulators. For this reason, a long period on medium lacking these growth regulators was necessary before the differentiation of embryos occurred again. The consequences for improving the propagation of embryogenic cultures in Vigna species are discussed. Key words: Pasture legume, Vigna trilobata, Globular, Heart shape, somatic embryogenesis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4990 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 89-99, 2009 (June)
In vitro Regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated Genetic Transformation of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Authors: Sarker Rakha Hari , Islam Khaleda , Hoque M.I. 
Published: July 2010

Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation system has been developed for two tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties, namely Pusa Ruby (PR) and BARI Tomato-3 (BT-3). Prior to the establishment of transformation protocol cotyledonary leaf explants from the two varieties were cultured to obtain genotype independent in vitro regeneration. Healthy multiple shoot regeneration was obtained from the cut ends of cotyledonary leaf segments for both the varieties on MS containing 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IAA. The maximum root induction from the regenerated shoots was achieved on half the strength of MS medium supplemented with 0.2 mg/l IAA. The in vitro grown plantlets were successfully transplanted into soil where they flowered and produced fruits identical to those developed by control plants. Transformation ability of cotyledonary leaf explants was tested with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harboring binary plasmid pBI121, containing GUS and npt II genes. Transformed cotyledonary leaf explants were found to produce multiple shoots on MS containing 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l IAA. Selection of the transformed shoots was carried out by gradually increasing the concentration of kanamycin to 200 mg/l since kanamycin resistant gene was used for transformation experiments. Shoots that survived under selection pressure were subjected to rooting. Transformed rooted plantlets were transferred to soil. Stable expression of GUS gene was detected in the various tissues from putatively transformed plantlets using GUS histochemical assay. Key words: In vitro regeneration, transformation, tomato D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.5004 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 101-111, 2009 (June)
In vitro Clonal Propagation of Vitex negundo L.-An Important Medicinal Plant
Authors: Islam M.R. , Khan Ruseli , Hossain S.N. , Ahmed G. , Hakim L. 
Published: July 2010

Vitex negundo L., a perennial shrub belonging to the family Verbenaceae, is an important medicinal plant. It grows abundantly in St. Martin’s Island and commonly known as Nishinda. Generally leaf is used for medicinal purpose but root, flower and fruit also have the medicinal values (Hasan 1982). Leaf of the plant contains essential oil, an alkaloid, nishindin. Stem and bark contain flavonoid glycosides. Leaves of nishinda very effectively reduce the inflamma-tory swellings of joints in rheumatic attacks. Juice of fresh leaf removes fetid discharges and worms from ulcers. Flower oil is applied to sinuses and scrofulous sores. Root juice is tonic, expectorant and diuretic (Ghani 1998). Tissue culture has greatly enhanced the scope and potentiality of mass propagation by exploiting the regenerative behavior in a wide range of selected horticultural and agricultural plants including the medicinal ones (Roy et al. 1994, Thiruvengadam and Jayabalan 2000, Islam et al. 2001 and Jawahar et al. 2008). Keeping in mind the medicinal importance of all the parts of this plant, an attempt has been made to formulate its regeneration system through in vitro culture. Key words: Vitex negundo, medicinal plant, Clonal propagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.5005 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 113-117, 2009 (June) –Short Communication
Genetic Relationship Among Ten Promising Eggplant Varieties Using RAPD Markers
Authors: Biswas Md. Sanaullah , Akhond Md. Abdullah Yousuf , Al-Amin Md. , Khatun Mahmuda , Kabir Muhammed Rezwan 
Published: July 2010

RAPD technique was used as a tool for assessing genetic diversity and varietal relationships among ten varieties of eggplant. Out of 21 primers screened four were selected. With these primers 76 clear and bright fragments were obtained of which 44 fragments considered polymorphic. The proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values across all loci were 57.89% and 0.23, respectively. The UPGMA dendrogram based on genetic distance segregated the ten varieties of eggplant into two main clusters. Dohazari, Kazla, Nayantara and ISD-006 were grouped together in cluster I whereas Uttara, Islampuri, Khatkhatia, Singnath, BARI Begun-08 and Eggplant Line-083 into cluster II. Kazla and Nayantara variety pair was very close to each other with the highest intervarietal similarity index (92.54%) and lowest genetic distance (0.14). On the other hand, Khatkhatia and Nayantara pair was the lowest intervarietal similarity index (41.67%) with highest genetic distance (0.48). Therefore, identification of genetically distinct varieties using RAPD markers could be a potential tool for eggplant improvement. Key words: Eggplant, Polymorphism, Genetic relationship, RAPD D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5006 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 119-126, 2009 (December)
The Combined Role of Sucrose with IBA and NAA in Rooting of Date Palm Somatic Embryos cv. Khanaizi
Authors: Ibrahim Kamla , Alromaihi K.B. , Elmeer Khaled M. Suliman 
Published: July 2010

The combined role of carbohydrate and auxin is effective in root formation of date palm somatic embryos. The best combination resulted a mean of 2.5 roots per embryo and reached up to ten good and healthy roots when the rooting medium containing 60 g/l sucrose supplemented with NAA was used. 60 g/l sucrose combined with 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mg/l of either NAA or IBA gave about 74% root thickness. IBA with a low sucrose concentration of 30 g/l promoted root length, while NAA was found to be superior over IBA, when a high concentration of sucrose of 60 g/l was used which may be due to the effect of NAA is on the main root while IBA on the lateral root. Key words: Auxins, Rooting, Combined effect, Date palm, Somatic embryos D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5429 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 127-132, 2009 (December)
Plant Regeneration from Leaf Derived Callus of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni
Authors: Janarthanam B. , Gopalakrishnan M. , Sai G. Lakshmi , Sekar T. 
Published: July 2010

Juvenile leaf explants of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni produced maximum callus than the nodal explants cultured on MS containing 11.31 mM 2, 4-D and 2.22 mM BAP. Callus transferred to MS supplemented with 4.44 mM BA and 1.34 mM NAA showed better growth response and produced 14.0 ± 1.0 shoots with an average length of 5.6 ± 0.1 cm after 28 days. All plantlets produced profuse rooting within 25 days after transfer to half strength of MS basal medium supplemented with 2.46 mM IBA. Rooted plantlets were transferred for hardening, with 90% of plantlets successfully established in the field. Key words: Stevia rebaudiana, Leaf explant, callus culture, micropropagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5430 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 133-141, 2009 (December)
In vitro Propagation of Ionidium suffruticosum Ging. ? A Seasonal Multipotent Medicinal Herb.
Authors: Sonappanavar Arunkumar B. , Jayaraj M. , Bagadekar Asha N. , Bhandarkar Anant V. 
Published: July 2010

Indirect regeneration of plant was obtained through organogenesis in leaf callus cultures of Ionidium suffruticosum. Leaf explants were found to be best suited for callus induction on MS with 2, 4-D (0.5 and 1.0 mg/l). Maximum shoot regeneration was obtained in MS supplemented with Kn (4.0 mg/l) alone and NAA (0.4 mg/l) with Kn (2.0 m/l). The in vitro shoots thus obtained were successfully rooted in MS supplemented with Kn (4.0 mg/l) alone and with NAA (2.0 mg/l) and Kn (0.2 mg/l). Seventy per cent of the rooted plants survived and they were successfully acclimated in soil. Key words: Ionidium suffruticosum, micropropagation, Medicinal herb D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5431 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 143-150, 2009 (December)
In vitro Mass Clonal Propagation of Spathoglottis plicata Blume
Authors: Sinha Pinaki , Hakim M. Lokman , Alam M. Firoz 
Published: July 2010

For in vitro clonal propagation of Spathoglottis plicata Blume nodal segments of young shoots were cultured on half strength of MS with 2% sucrose + 2.0 mg/l BA + 0.5 mg/l NAA + 2 g/l peptone + 15% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC, incubated at 24 ± 2ºC under 3000 lux fluorescent light for a 16 hr photoperiod per day. About 19 micro-shoots were induced from the explants within 12 weeks. Subculture of micro-shoots for eight weeks on the same nutrient medium enhanced the number of micro-shoots up to 60. The clumps of the micro-shoots were dissected and cultured on half strength of MS with 2% sucrose + 2 g/l peptone + 15% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC + 200 mg/l L-glutamine. The micro-shoot sections elongated to form shoots, and new micro shoots were induced from the base within eight weeks of culture. For plantlet formation the best rooting medium was determined as half strength of MS with 2% sucrose + 2 g/l peptone + 15% (v/v) CW + 0.5 g/l AC + 50 g/l banana pulp. After rearing 25 g mixture of urea, TSP and MOP (2 : 1 : 1) were applied per plant at three months intervals. All the regenerated plants blossomed on the third year. Key words: Spathoglottis plicata, Clonal propagation, Acclimation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5432 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 151-160, 2009 (December)
Auxin Prompted Improved Micropropagation Protocol of Picrorhiza kurroa: An Endangered Medicinal Plant
Authors: Jan Arif , S Phalisteen , Thomas G.T. , Shawl A. S. 
Published: July 2010

In vitro shoot multiplication from nodal explants of Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex. Benth. (Kour) was obtained on MS without cytokinin. Addition of NAA in the culture medium favours shoots as well as root formation. Among the various combinations of MS and B5 media, the average number of shoots per explant was (18.3) on MS supplemented with 0.6 mg/l NAA. Shoot length was maximum (5.8 cms) in MS augmented with 0.4 mg/l NAA. The elongated shoots rooted within 15 - 25 days either on MS alone or supplemented with NAA (0.4 mg/l), IAA and IBA (0.1 - 0.5 mg/l). About 81.5% of the rooted plantlets survived acclimation and transferred to the greenhouse. All the in vitro derived plants at maturity displayed normal development as that of the mother plants at their maturity. Key words: Picrorhiza kurroa, Hardening, Medicinal plant, Propagation D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5433 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 161-167, 2009 (December)
In vitro Micropropagation of Plumbago indica L. Through Induction of Direct and Indirect Organogenesis
Authors: Bhadra S. K. , Akhter T. , Hossain M. M. 
Published: July 2010

Leaf and nodal segments of two months old field grown seedlings of Plumbago indica L. were cultured on agar solidified MS supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of NAA, IAA, 2,4-D and picloram, and BAP and Kn. The nodal segments produced either multiple shoot buds (MSBs) or callus of different nature depending on the combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs). The callus of light green and nodular shape, on further subculture on wide range of PGRs supplemented media, differentiated into MSBs. These MSBs underwent rapid elongation on different PGRs supplemented media. The elongated shoot buds were rooted on transferring in rooting medium and were acclimated in field with 90% survivability. The leaf segments, however, produced only white and friable calluses failed to undergo any differentiation in some of the media combinations. Key words: Callus induction, Organogenesis, Plumbago indica D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5434 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 169-175, 2009 (December)