bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated mendelian randomization analyses highlight AFF3 as a novel eQTL-mediated susceptibility gene in renal cancer and its potential mechanisms
Authors: Wang Qiming , Chen Shaopeng , Wang Gang , Zhang Tielong , Gao Yulong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Backgrounds
A growing number of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) have been found to be linked with tumorigenesis. In this article, we employed integrated Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to identify novel susceptibility genes in renal cancer (RC) and reveal their potential mechanisms.

Methods
Two-sample MR analyses were performed to infer causal relationships between eQTLs, metabolites, and RC risks through the “TwoSampleMR” R package. Sensitivity analyses, such as heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and leave-one-out analysis, were used to assess the stability of our outcomes. Summary-data-based MR (SMR) analyses were used to verify the causal relationships among cis-eQTLs and RC risks via the SMR 1.3.1 software.

Results
Our results provided the first evidence for AFF3 eQTL elevating RC risks, suggesting its oncogenic roles (IVW method; odds ratio (OR) = 1.0005; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.0001–1.0010; P = 0.0285; heterogeneity = 0.9588; pleiotropy = 0.8397). Further SMR analysis validated the causal relationships among AFF3 cis-eQTLs and RC risks (P < 0.05). Moreover, the TCGA-KIRC, the ICGC-RC, and the GSE159115 datasets verified that the AFF3 gene was more highly expressed in RC tumors than normal control via scRNA-sequencing and bulk RNA-sequencing (P < 0.05). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis identified six potential biological pathways of AFF3 involved in RC. As for the potential mechanism of AFF3 in RC, we concluded in this article that AFF3 eQTL could negatively modulate the levels of the X-11,315 metabolite (IVW method; OR = 0.9127; 95% CI = 0.8530–0.9765; P = 0.0081; heterogeneity = 0.4150; pleiotropy = 0.8852), exhibiting preventive effects against RC risks (IVW method; OR = 0.9987; 95% CI = 0.9975–0.9999; P = 0.0380; heterogeneity = 0.5362; pleiotropy = 0.9808).

Conclusions
We concluded that AFF3 could serve as a novel eQTL-mediated susceptibility gene in RC and reveal its potential mechanism of elevating RC risks via negatively regulating the X-11,315 metabolite levels.
Vaping cessation support recommendations from adolescents who vape: a qualitative study
Authors: Pbert Lori , Dubé Catherine E. , Nagawa Catherine S. , Simone Dante P. , Wijesundara Jessica G. , Sadasivam Rajani S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Youth vaping is a serious public health concern, being more prevalent than any other tobacco use. To inform cessation interventions, we explored what adolescents perceive as their reasons for quitting and strategies to help them quit.

Method
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 11 adolescents reporting vaping in the past 90 days and recruited from a high school in Massachusetts. Interviews were transcribed and dual-coded. Inductive thematic analysis was employed, and thematic summaries were prepared.

Results
Reasons adolescents reported for quitting included cost, experiencing “nic-sick” from nicotine withdrawal or excess intake, negative impacts on mood, concentration, or health, and experiencing symptoms of nicotine dependence. Nearly all tried to quit multiple times. Barriers to quitting included exposure to vaping, access to vape products, stress, and “cool” new products or flavors. Quit strategies included avoiding others vaping, seeking social support to quit, addressing peer pressure to continue vaping, learning successful quit strategies from peers, and using distraction strategies or alternatives to vaping.

Conclusion
Many adolescents who vape want to quit, and most have tried multiple times. Interventions need to engage adolescents with varying reasons to quit, barriers, and quit strategy preferences.

Clinical trial registration
This study is registered through ClinicalTrials.gov. The trial registration number is NCT05140915. The trial registration date is 11/18/2021.
The Childbearing sense of coherence scale (CSOC-scale): development and validation
Authors: Li Bingbing , Zhao Meizhen , Zhu Zining , Zhao Huimin , Zhang Xi , Wang Jingxin , Zeng Tieying , Yuan Mengmei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
the salutogenic theory is essential to explain an individual’s ability to maintain health during the perinatal period. While previous studies mainly focused on the perspectives from a family-level orientation and a global orientation, the purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a scale, the childbearing sense of coherence scale (CSOC-scale) from the individual’s perceptions of the stresses, resources, and meaningfulness of childbearing.

Methods
A total of 3 separate studies contributed to the development of the CSOC-scale between July 2022 and February 2023. In study 1, the initial item pool based on the conceptual framework of the childbearing sense of coherence and the salutogenic theory was developed. Delphi expert consultation was conducted to revise and improve items. Studies 2 and 3 were cross-sectional studies. In study 2, item analysis and explore factor analysis (EFA) (N = 351 for women, N = 256 for men) were used to screen items. In study 3, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis (N = 366 for women, N = 308 for men) were used to test the fit indices and reliability of the final scale.

Results
final analysis suggested the CSOC-scale includes three factors, consisting of 13 items. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated good model fit (χ2 = 157.448, df = 62, χ2/ df = 2.539, RMSEA = 0.065, CFI = 0.974, TLI = 0.968, SRMR = 0.029 for women; χ2 = 181.363, df = 62, χ2/ df = 2.925, RMSEA = 0.079, CFI = 0.968, TLI = 0.960, SRMR = 0.033 for men) and high factor loadings (from 0.751 to 0.929 for women; from 0.746 to 0.947 for men). Internal consistency (Cronbach’s α ranging from 0.895 to 0.933 for women and 0.881 to 0.945 for men in three dimensions; Cronbach’s α was 0.919 for women and 0.821 for men in the entire instrument) and split-half reliability (Spearman-Brown coefficients ranging from 0.876 to 0.921 for women and 0.841 to 0.937 for men in three dimensions; Spearman-Brown coefficient was 0.744 for women and 0.785 for men in the entire instrument) were excellent.

Conclusions
the CSOC-scale has robust psychometric properties. It is reliable and valid in evaluating the childbearing sense of coherence in women and men during pregnancy. Utilisation of this scale can help healthcare professionals understand the health maintenance competencies of couples during the transition of parenthood and provide health promotion services from a salutogenic perspective.
Diagnostic value of high-resolution ultrasound combined with multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) for pediatric intra-abdominal hernias: a retrospective study
Authors: Hua Lichun , Huang Yaqing , Liu Hui , Chen Jun , Tang Ying 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
To explore the diagnostic value of high-resolution ultrasound combined with multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT) for pediatric intra-abdominal hernias (IAHs), and to analyze the potential causes for missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of IAHs in children.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 45 children with surgically confirmed IAHs. The diagnostic rate of IAHs by preoperative high-resolution ultrasound combined with MSCT was compared with that of intraoperative examination, and the potential causes for missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis by the combination method were analyzed.

Results
Forty-five cases of pediatric IAHs were categorized into primary (25/45, 55.5%) and acquired secondary hernias (20/45, 44.5%). Among children with primary hernias, mesenteric defects were identified as the predominant subtype (40%). Acquired secondary hernias typically resulted from abnormal openings in the abdominal wall or band adhesions due to trauma, surgery, or inflammation. In particular, adhesive band hernias were the major type in children with acquired secondary hernias (40%). The diagnostic rate of high-resolution ultrasound was 77.8%, with “cross sign” as a characteristic ultrasonic feature. Among 10 cases of missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis, 5 were finally diagnosed as IAHs by multi-slice computer tomography (MSCT). Overall, the diagnostic rate of pediatric IAHs by preoperative ultrasound combined with radiological imaging reached 88.9%.

Discussion
IAHs in children, particularly mesenteric defects, are prone to strangulated intestinal obstruction and necrosis. High-resolution ultrasound combined with MSCT greatly enhances the diagnostic accuracy of pediatric IAHs.
The efficacy of unicondylar knee arthroplasty for medial compartment arthritis of the knee combined with anterior cruciate ligament dysfunction
Authors: Qin Yonghui , Li Jia , Jia Guoxing , Li Jun , Zhao Zhenshuan , Yu Xiaoguang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
To investigate the outcome and prognosis after Unicondylar knee arthroplasty (UKA) in patients with medial compartment arthritis of the knee combined with anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) dysfunction.

Methods
A total of 122 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis and treated with medial mobile platform unicondylar replacement at our center from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively included in the study, and were divided into two groups according to ACL function, namely the normal ACL function group (ACLF) and the poor ACL function (N-ACLF) group. The postoperative results and prognosis of the two groups were evaluated and compared.

Results
This study included 122 patients who underwent UKA surgery. There were no statistical differences in preoperative and postoperative posterior tibial tilt angle, knee mobility, KOOS, and prognosis between the two groups (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
For medial compartment arthritis of the knee combined with ACL malfunction, surgery resulted in pain relief, improved quality of life and a good prognosis for such patients. It is hoped that clinicians will perform UKA in patients with ACL dysfunction after a comprehensive evaluation to improve their quality of life.
Investigation of alveolar osteitis and the effectiveness of laser treatment: a unified Meta-analysis and review of the literature
Authors: Rosa Alessio , Pujia Alberto Maria , Arcuri Claudio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Post-tooth extraction, dry socket is a frequently encountered complication, causing substantial pain and hindering the healing process. Conventional approaches to manage this condition have traditionally involved the use of antiseptic dressings to diminish bacterial presence and facilitate healing. This study aims to assess the efficacy of laser therapy in the symptomatic treatment of alveolitis.

Methods
A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, focusing on publications from 1998 to 31/01/2024 using relevant keywords. The combination of “laser” and “dry socket” was executed through the boolean connection AND.

Results
At the conclusion of the study, a total of 50 studies were identified across the three search engines, with only three selected for the current systematic study and meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated that laser treatment proves effective in addressing alveolitis compared to Alvogyl. However, the correlation between the two was not highly significant.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that laser therapy may serve as a viable alternative to traditional treatments for dry socket. This minimally invasive procedure has the potential to alleviate pain and promote healing with fewer associated side effects.”
The effectiveness of problem-based learning and case-based learning teaching methods in clinical practical teaching in TACE treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in China: a bayesian network meta-analysis
Authors: Yan Jingxin , Wen Yonghao , Liu Xinlian , Deng Manjun , Ye Bin , Li Ting , Wang Huanwei , Jia Cui , Liao Jinsong , Zhang Lushun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate the effectiveness of problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning (CBL) teaching methods in clinical practical teaching in transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment in China.

Materials and methods
A comprehensive search of PubMed, the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, the Weipu database and the Wanfang database up to June 2023 was performed to collect studies that evaluate the effectiveness of problem-based learning and case-based learning teaching methods in clinical practical teaching in TACE treatment in China. Statistical analysis was performed by R software (4.2.1) calling JAGS software (4.3.1) in a Bayesian framework using the Markov chain-Monte Carlo method for direct and indirect comparisons. The R packages “gemtc”, “rjags”, “openxlsx”, and “ggplot2” were used for statistical analysis and data output.

Results
Finally, 7 studies (five RCTs and two observational studies) were included in the meta-analysis. The combination of PBL and CBL showed more effectiveness in clinical thinking capacity, clinical practice capacity, knowledge understanding degree, literature reading ability, method satisfaction degree, learning efficiency, learning interest, practical skills examination scores and theoretical knowledge examination scores.

Conclusions
Network meta-analysis revealed that the application of PBL combined with the CBL teaching mode in the teaching of liver cancer intervention therapy significantly improves the teaching effect and significantly improves the theoretical and surgical operations, meeting the requirements of clinical education.
Analysis of satisfaction levels and perceptions of clinical competency: a mixed method study on objective structured clinical examinations in undergraduate dental students
Authors: Ahmed Naseer , Aziz Samiya , Jouhar Rizwan , Rehmat Muneeba , Maqsood Afsheen , Nadeem Resham , Magsi Laraib , Heboyan Artak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To analyze the satisfaction levels, perceptions of developing clinical competencies through objective structured clinical examination and to explore the experiences, challenges, and suggestions of undergraduate dental students.

Methods
The study adopted a mixed-method convergent design. Quantitative data were collected from 303 participants through surveys, evaluating satisfaction levels with objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Additionally, qualitative insights were gathered through student focus group interviews, fundamental themes were developed from diverse expressions on various aspects of OSCE assessments. The Chi-Square tests, was performed to assess associations between variables. Data integration involved comparing and contrasting quantitative and qualitative findings to derive comprehensive conclusions.

Results
The satisfaction rates include 69.4% for the organization of OSCE stations and 57.4% for overall effectiveness. However, a crucial challenge was identified, with only 36.7% of students receiving adequate post-OSCE feedback. Furthermore, a majority of students (50%) expressed concerns about the clinical relevance of OSCEs. The study showed a significant associations (p < 0.05) between satisfaction levels and years of study as well as previous OSCE experience. Student focus group interviews revealed diverse perspectives on OSCE assessments. While students appreciate the helpfulness of OSCEs, concerns were raised regarding time constraints, stress, examiner training, and the perceived lack of clinical relevance.

Conclusion
The students anticipated concerns about the clinical relevance of OSCEs, highlighting the need for a more aligned assessment approach. Diverse perspectives on OSCE assessments reveal perceived helpfulness alongside challenges such as lack of feedback, examiner training, time constraints, and mental stress.
Gender representation in Canadian surgical leadership and medical faculties: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Pickel Lauren , Sivachandran Nirojini 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Over the past two and half decades, Canadian medical school students have become majority female, and the medical workforce is therefore increasingly comprised of female physicians. Whether this change, however, has been reflected in the gender balance within medical school faculty positions and leadership has not been well studied in Canada.

Methods
This cross-sectional study examined the genders of full-time faculty members from the most recently available AFMC data, the current heads of departments of medicine and surgery from department websites and confirmed with respective universities.

Results
Overall, women held 40.5% of full-time faculty positions in Canadian faculties of medicine. Female representation decreased with increasing academic rank, from 57.8% of instructors to 50.8% of assistant, 39.2% of associate, and 28.1% of full professors, respectively, with the greatest rate of increase over the past decade among full professors (0.75% per year). The heads of departments of family medicine were majority female (67%), and heads internal medicine at parity (50% female), consistent with numbers of practicing physicians. However, the heads of surgical divisions were majority male (86% overall). Accounting for the gender balance of practicing surgeons, male compared to female surgeons were 2.9 times as likely to be division head (95% CI 1.78–4.85, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Women remain underrepresented in Canadian faculties of medicine in leadership positions. Leadership in departments of surgery has particularly low female representation, even relative to the proportion of practicing female surgeons within the respective discipline.
Knowledge, Attidue and Practice of Advanced Trauma Life Suppoort (ATLS) Protocol among House-Officers in Khartoum State Hospitals, Sudan, 2023
Authors: Mabrouk Ola Emad Abdelrahim , Osman Fatima Mohamed Awad , Awad Mustafa Sabir Abakar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Advanced Trauma Life Support was originated mainly to train doctors who don’t manage trauma on a regular basis, including junior doctors as it prepares them more efficiently and effectively for treating and managing trauma patients. This study was conducted to study knowledge, attitude and practice of advanced trauma life support protocol among house-officers in Khartoum state hospitals, Sudan 2023.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional descriptive health facility based study conducted in Bahri Teaching Hospital, Omdurman Teaching Hospital and Ibrahim Malik teaching hospital, Khartoum state, Sudan. Data of 151 House-officers of all nationality working in Khartoum state hospitals was collected using a simple random technique, filling questionnaire that was designed especially for this study. Comparison between different variables by Chi-square test and statistical significance difference at P value < 0.05 was done.

Result
A total of 151 house officers were included in the study. 49% aged between 20 and 25 years, females were the majority 56.3%. About 41.1% have took ATLS course before. 55.21% of the study participants didn’t take the course because it was not available, while 35.42% because it was expensive and 29.17% referred it to their busy lifestyle. 91% of the study population think that ATLS course should be compulsory and 85% think that the ATLS protocol should be recommended to both junior and senior doctors. 77% of the study participants stated that their seniors teaching skills affect how they apply ATLS.

Conclusion
Overall junior doctors at Khartoum state hospitals demonstrated a positive attitude towards ATLS, but they showed poor knowledge regarding the topic. It’s advised that an earlier training program is introduced by incorporating ATLS course to be part of all final year medical school’s curriculum.
Medication error rates in Iranian hospitals: a meta-analysis
Authors: Isfahani Parvaneh , Bazi Aliyeh , Alirezaei Samira , Samani Somayeh , Sarani Mohammad , Boulagh Fatemeh , Poodineh Moghadam Mahdieh , Afshari Mahnaz 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background and aim
Medication errors (MEs) in hospitals decrease patient satisfaction, increase hospital mortality, lower hospital productivity, and increase in the costs of the health system. This study was conducted to determine the rate of MEs in Iranian hospitals.

Method
In this meta-analysis, all published articles on ME rates in Iranian hospitals were identified from five databases and Google Scholar and assessed for quality. The heterogeneity of the studies was examined using the I2 index and a meta-regression model was used to evaluate the variables suspected of heterogeneity at the 0.05 significance level. Finally, 17 articles were eligible to be included in this study and were analyzed using the Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis (CMA) software.

Findings
Based on the estimation of the random-effects model, the ME rate in Iranian hospitals was 10.9% (5.1%-21.7%; 95% CI). The highest rate was observed in Sanandaj in 2006 at 99.5% (92.6%-100.0%; 95% CI) and the lowest rate was observed in Kashan in 2019 at 0.2% (0.1%-0.3%; 95% CI). In addition, sample size and publication year were significantly correlated with ME rate (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
According to the results of this study; ME rate in Iran is relatvively high based on the synthesis of the research conducted in Iranian hospitals. In addition to being costly, MEs have negative consequences for patients. Thereofore, it is necessary to emphasize the voluntary nature of medication error reporting in health sytem of Iran.
Molecular detection and characterization of Anaplasma ovis, Theileria ovis, and Theileria lestoquardi in sheep and goats in Luxor, Egypt
Authors: Mahmoud Hassan Y. A. H. , Tanaka Tetsuya , Ali Alsagher O. , Emeish Walaa F. A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tick-borne diseases cause economically significant losses to animal production globally, and anaplasmosis and theileriosis are associated with the greatest losses. However, the spread of the relevant pathogens in flocks of domesticated animals in southern Egypt is little understood. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to determine the prevalences of Anaplasma ovis, Theileria ovis, and Theileria lestoquardi in southern Egyptian sheep and goats through blood tests, and to make a molecular characterization of the A. ovis detected in sheep targeting a specific gene.

Results
We collected blood samples collected from 300 sheep and goats (n=150 /species) in Luxor Province in southern Egypt, and analyzed them for the presence of A. ovis, T. ovis and T. lestoquardi with screening by conventional and nested PCR targeting the msp4 and msp5, 18S rRNA, and merozoite surface protein genes. For A. ovis 140/300 samples (46.66%) were positive overall, with 90/150 (60%) and 50/150 (33.33%) positive samples in sheep and goats, respectively. Two major surface protein genes of A. ovis, msp4 and msp5, were sequenced using DNA extracted from sheep and goat blood samples, for phylogenetic analysis and genotyping. The msp4 gene sequence revealed no significant genetic diversity, to contrast to data on A. ovis strains from other countries. For T. lestoquardi, 8/150 (5.33%) samples were positive in sheep, but no samples were positive in goats (0%). For T. ovis, 32/150 (21.33%) samples were positive in sheep, but no samples were positive in goats (0%). Sequencing targeting the merozoite surface protein gene for T. lestoquardi and the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene for T. ovis revealed no significant genetic diversity in the study, another contrast to data on A. ovis strains from other countries.

Conclusion
This study provides valuable data on phylogenetic and molecular classifications of A. ovis, T. ovis and T. lestoquardi found in southern Egyptian sheep and goats. It also represents the first report on detection and molecular characterization of T. lestoquardi in southern Egyptian sheep based on the specific merozoite surface protein gene, thus providing valuable data for molecular characterization of this pathogen in southern Egypt.