bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PES CAVOVARUS IN CHARCOT-MARIE-TOOTH DISEASE COMPARED WITH THE IDIOPATHIC CAVOVARUS FOOT: A PRELIMINARY WEIGHTBEARING CT ANALYSIS
Authors: Bernasconi A. , Cooper L. , Lyle S. , Patel S. , Cullen N. , Singh D. , Welck M. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionPes cavovarus is a foot deformity that can be idiopathic (I-PC) or acquired secondary to other pathology. Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common adult cause for acquired pes cavovarus deformity (CMT-PC). The foot morphology of these distinct patient groups has not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to assess if morphological differences exist between CMT-PC, I-PC and normal feet (controls) using weightbearing computed tomography (WBCT).MethodsA retrospective analysis of WBCT scans performed between May 2013 and June 2017 was undertaken. WBCT scans from 17 CMT-PC, 17 I-PC and 17 healthy normally-aligned control feet (age-, side-, sex- and body mass index-matched) identified from a prospectively collected database, were analysed. Eight 2-dimensional (2D) and three 3-dimensional (3D) measurements were undertaken for each foot and mean values in the three groups were compared using one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni correction.ResultsSignificant differences were observed between CMT-PC or I-PC and controls (p< 0.05). Two-dimensional measurements were similar in CMT-PC and I-PC, except for forefoot arch angle (p= 0.04). 3D measurements (foot and ankle offset, calcaneal offset and hindfoot alignment angle) demonstrated that CMT-PC exhibited more severe hindfoot varus malalignment than I-PC (p= 0.03, 0.04 and 0.02 respectively).DiscussionCMT-related cavovarus and idiopathic cavovarus feet are morphologically different from healthy feet, and CMT feet exhibit increased forefoot supination and hindfoot malalignment compared to idiopathic forms. The use of novel three-dimensional analysis may help highlight subtle structural differences in patients with similar foot morphology but aetiologically different pathology.
High-peak-power long-wave infrared BaGa4Se7 optical parametric oscillator with 6.7–13.9 µm widely tunable range
Authors: Liu Yu , Li Zhiyong , Yao Jiyong , Wang Hai , Zhu Ziren , Bai Jinzhou , Fu Jingjing , Lu Yue , Zheng Yijun , Tan Rongqing , Ke Changjun , Yuan Hongrui 
Published: May 2024

A high-peak-power, widely tunable range long-wave infrared optical parametric oscillator (OPO) based on the BaGa4Se7 (BGSe) crystal is demonstrated in this Letter. Pumped by a 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, a high-peak-power of 0.15 MW was achieved at 9.8 µm with a pulse width of 5.0 ns. At 11.0 µm, a high beam quality of M2
x
= 4.1 and M2
y
= 3.3 was achieved. By rotating the BGSe crystal, a broad tuning range of 6.7–13.9 µm was realized. Furthermore, a theoretical analysis was conducted to elucidate the reasons behind the improvement in beam quality in the x-direction as the wavelength of the idler wave increases.
A protocol for a critical realist systematic synthesis of interventions to promote pupils’ wellbeing by improving the school climate in low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Abbott Pamela , Shanks Rachel , Stanley Isabel , D’Ambruoso Lucia 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
The review described in this protocol will be the first critical realist review of the literature reporting on the impact of interventions to promote pupils’ wellbeing by improving the school climate in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. The review is being carried out to inform the programme theory for a critical realist evaluation of a whole school mindfulness intervention in Ethiopia and Rwanda to improve pupils’ mental wellbeing. Our initial programme theory hypothesises that pupils’ (and teachers’) responses to the mindfulness intervention as well as changing the behaviour and attitudes of individual pupils and teachers, will change the ’school climate’ in ways that have a positive impact on mental wellbeing. This literature review will facilitate the identification of mechanisms for change working at the level of the whole school climate, something which is only infrequently discussed in evaluations of mindfulness interventions.

Methods and analysis
A critical realist review methodology will be used to provide a causal interdisciplinary understanding of how school climate can promote the wellbeing of pupils. This will be done through a systematic literature review and extrapolating context, agency, intervention, mechanisms, and outcome configurations and synthesising these to provide a conceptual understanding of the impact of interventions to improve school climate.

Discussion
The review findings will inform a critical realist evaluation of a mindfulness intervention in schools that we will be carrying out. The findings from the review will enable us to focus more precisely and transparently on what policymakers and other stakeholders need to know about how school climate changes due to introducing mindfulness to the curriculum and how this impacts pupils’ wellbeing [and for which pupils]. We will publish the findings from the review in academic and professional publications, policy briefs, workshops, conferences, and social media.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023417735.
The occurrence of and factors associated with mental ill-health amongst humanitarian aid workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Cameron Lily , McCauley Mary , van den Broek Nynke , McCauley Hannah 
Published: May 2024

Background
Humanitarian crises and disasters affect millions of people worldwide. Humanitarian aid workers are civilians or professionals who respond to disasters and provide humanitarian assistance. In doing so, they face several stressors and traumatic exposures. Humanitarian aid workers also face unique challenges associated with working in unfamiliar settings.

Objective
To determine the occurrence of and factors associated with mental ill-health among humanitarian aid workers.

Search strategy
CINAHL plus, Cochrane library, Global Health, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science were searched from 2005–2020. Grey literature was searched on Google Scholar.

Selection criteria
PRISMA guidelines were followed and after double screening, studies reporting occurrence of mental ill-health were included. Individual narratives and case studies were excluded, as were studies that reported outcomes in non-humanitarian aid workers.

Data analysis
Data on occurrence of mental ill-health and associated factors were independently extracted and combined in a narrative summary. A random effects logistic regression model was used for the meta-analysis.

Main results
Nine studies were included with a total of 3619 participants, reporting on five types of mental ill-health (% occurrence) including psychological distress (6.5%-52.8%); burnout (8.5%-32%); anxiety (3.8%-38.5%); depression (10.4%-39.0%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (0% to 25%). Hazardous drinking of alcohol ranged from 16.2%-50.0%. Meta-analysis reporting OR (95% CI) among humanitarian aid workers, for psychological distress was 0.45 (0.12–1.64); burnout 0.34 (0.27–0.44); anxiety 0.22 (0.10–0.51); depression 0.32 (0.18–0.57) and PTSD 0.11 (0.03–0.39). Associated factors included young age, being female and pre-existing mental ill-health.

Conclusions
Mental ill-health is common among humanitarian aid workers, has a negative impact on personal well-being, and on a larger scale reduces the efficacy of humanitarian organisations with delivery of aid and retention of staff. It is imperative that mental ill-health is screened for, detected and treated in humanitarian aid workers, before, during and after their placements. It is essential to implement psychologically protective measures for individuals working in stressful and traumatic crises.
The relationship between health literacy and the adoption of COVID-19 preventive behaviors: A cross-sectional study in Iran
Authors: Panahi Rahman , Ghorbanpour Zahra , Moradi Bagher , Eidy Fereshteh , Amjadian Mohiadin 
Published: May 2024

Background and aimHealth literacy (HL) is one of the effective factors in controlling the COVID-19 epidemic. Considering the high prevalence of COVID-19 disease, the present study aimed to determine the relationship between HL and the adoption of COVID-19 preventive behaviors.Materials and methodsThis was a descriptive-cross sectional study conducted on 214 students selected by simple random sampling method in Esfarayen Faculty of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2022. The data included demographic and background characteristics, health literacy for Iranian Adults (HELIA), and a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure COVID-19 preventive behaviors. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23, descriptive statistics, and ordinal logistic regression tests.ResultsThe mean and standard deviation of the scores of adoption of COVID-19 preventive behaviors and HL among students were 18.18) 4.02(out of 25 and 72.14) and 12.75 (out of 100, respectively. The results of the logistic regression test showed that the HL (P = 0.003), gender (P<0.001), mother’s education (P = 0.039), educational level (P = 0.031), smoking (P = 0.032), and physical activity (P = 0.007) were effective factors in adopting preventive behaviors.ConclusionAdopting preventive behaviors against COVID-19 was lower among students with lower levels of health literacy, male students, students with less physical activity, students with illiterate mothers, undergraduate students, and finally smokers. Therefore, it is necessary to pay more attention to these students in designing educational programs. It is suggested to carry out more extensive studies to clarify the effect of HL on the adoption of COVID-19 preventive behaviors.
Cardiovascular health and cancer risk associated with plant based diets: An umbrella review
Authors: Capodici Angelo , Mocciaro Gabriele , Gori Davide , Landry Matthew J. , Masini Alice , Sanmarchi Francesco , Fiore Matteo , Coa Angela Andrea , Castagna Gisele , Gardner Christopher D. , Guaraldi Federica 
Published: May 2024

Context
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and cancer are the two main leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Suboptimal diet, poor in vegetables, fruits, legumes and whole grain, and rich in processed and red meat, refined grains, and added sugars, is a primary modifiable risk factor. Based on health, economic and ethical concerns, plant-based diets have progressively widespread worldwide.

Objective
This umbrella review aims at assessing the impact of animal-free and animal-products-free diets (A/APFDs) on the risk factors associated with the development of cardiometabolic diseases, cancer and their related mortalities.

Data sources
PubMed and Scopus were searched for reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published from 1st January 2000 to 31st June 2023, written in English and involving human subjects of all ages. Primary studies and reviews/meta-analyses based on interventional trials which used A/APFDs as a therapy for people with metabolic diseases were excluded.

Data extraction
The umbrella review approach was applied for data extraction and analysis. The revised AMSTAR-R 11-item tool was applied to assess the quality of reviews/meta-analyses.

Results
Overall, vegetarian and vegan diets are significantly associated with better lipid profile, glycemic control, body weight/BMI, inflammation, and lower risk of ischemic heart disease and cancer. Vegetarian diet is also associated with lower mortality from CVDs. On the other hand, no difference in the risk of developing gestational diabetes and hypertension were reported in pregnant women following vegetarian diets. Study quality was average. A key limitation is represented by the high heterogeneity of the study population in terms of sample size, demography, geographical origin, dietary patterns, and other lifestyle confounders.

Conclusions
Plant-based diets appear beneficial in reducing cardiometabolic risk factors, as well as CVDs, cancer risk and mortality. However, caution should be paid before broadly suggesting the adoption of A/AFPDs since the strength-of-evidence of study results is significantly limited by the large study heterogeneity alongside the potential risks associated with potentially restrictive regimens.
Randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of olive and black seed oil combination on pain intensity and episiotomy wound healing in primiparous women: A study protocol
Authors: Fili Romina , Behmanesh Fereshteh , Nazmi Sana , Nikpour Maryam , Memariani Zahra 
Published: May 2024

Background
Episiotomy is associated with side effects, such as pain and wound infection. Additionally, discomfort after episiotomy affects the quality of life of both the mother and the baby. Medicinal herbs are one alternative method for the treatment of episiotomy wounds. This study will investigate the effectiveness of the combination of olive and black seed oil on pain intensity and the healing of episiotomy wounds in primiparous women.

Methods
This randomized clinical trial will be conducted on primiparous women who have had a normal delivery with an episiotomy. There are 3 groups in this study: one group will receive a combination of olive oil and black seed oil, another group will receive olive oil alone, and the use of oils will start 24 hours after delivery. Ten drops will be applied topically 3 times a day for 10 days. The third group (control) will receive only routine care. Data will be collected through a demographic characteristics questionnaire, REEDA (Redness, Edema, Ecchymosis, Discharge, and Approximation) Scale, and Visual Analog Scale. To determine and compare the effects of pharmaceutical interventions on pain intensity and episiotomy wound healing in the groups, an analysis of variance (ANOVA) test with repeated measurements will be used with SPSS version 22.

Discussion
The results of this study will show the effects of a combination of olive and black seed oil, as well as olive oil alone, on pain intensity and episiotomy wound healing in primiparous women. The positive effects observed in this trial with these oils could be valuable for women who have undergone an episiotomy.
Função de produção para uma empresa do setor aéreo brasileiro
Authors: Silva Beatriz da Rocha , Cirino Jader Fernandes , Cassuce Francisco Carlos da Cunha 
Published: May 2024

Dentre as companhias aéreas do mercado nacional, a Gol tem participação destacada. Desse modo, estimar a função de produção da companhia é importante para verificar a eficiência técnica da mesma, a fim de melhorar o seu desempenho em termos de produção. Sendo assim, o estudo tem como problema de pesquisa a análise da função de produção para a Gol, considerando os dados trimestrais da empresa entre os anos de 2003 e 2022 e a variável Passageiro por Quilômetro Pago Transportado (RPK) em milhões de reais como produto. O modelo, estimado pelo Método de Correção de Erros (MCE) com erros-padrão robustos, definiu as elasticidades parciais de produção para as variáveis de capital (Horas de Voo Totais Diárias) e de trabalho (Funcionários Efetivos no final do período), no curto e no longo prazo. Essas elasticidades mostraram que a produção é mais sensível a uma variação no insumo de capital, ou seja, é intensiva em capital. Ademais, como as elasticidades obtidas para o fator trabalho foram negativas, o mesmo apresentou produto marginal negativo, sendo necessárias medidas para aumentar a produtividade do mesmo de forma a alterar tais valores. No que tange aos retornos à escala, verificou-se para a empresa estudada, retornos decrescentes à escala no curto prazo, mas crescentes no longo prazo.
Enhanced patient-based real-time quality control using the graph-based anomaly detection
Authors: Shang Xueling , Zhang Minglong , Sun Dehui , Liang Yufang , Badrick Tony , Hu Yanwei , Wang Qingtao , Zhou Rui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) is an alternative tool for laboratories that has gained increasing attention. Despite the progress made by using various algorithms, the problems of data volume imbalance between in-control and out-of-control results, as well as the issue of variation remain challenges. We propose a novel integrated framework using anomaly detection and graph neural network, combining clinical variables and statistical algorithms, to improve the error detection performance of patient-based quality control.

Methods
The testing results of three representative analytes (sodium, potassium, and calcium) and eight independent variables of patients (test date, time, gender, age, department, patient type, and reference interval limits) were collected. Graph-based anomaly detection network was modeled and used to generate control limits. Proportional and random errors were simulated for performance evaluation. Five mainstream PBRTQC statistical algorithms were chosen for comparison.

Results
The framework of a patient-based graph anomaly detection network for real-time quality control (PGADQC) was established and proven feasible for error detection. Compared with classic PBRTQC, the PGADQC showed a more balanced performance for both positive and negative biases. For different analytes, the average number of patient samples until error detection (ANPed) of PGADQC decreased variably, and reductions could reach up to approximately 95 % at a small bias of 0.02 taking calcium as an example.

Conclusions
The PGADQC is an effective framework for patient-based quality control, integrating statistical and artificial intelligence algorithms. It improves error detection in a data-driven fashion and provides a new approach for PBRTQC from the data science perspective.
What makes audiences resilient to disinformation? Integrating micro, meso, and macro factors based on a systematic literature review
Authors: Kont Jülide , Elving Wim , Broersma Marcel , Bozdağ Çiğdem 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Despite increased attention since 2015, there is little consensus on why audiences believe or share disinformation. In our study, we propose a shift in analytical perspective by applying the concept of resilience. Through a systematic literature review (n = 95), we identify factors that have been linked to individuals’ resilience and vulnerability to disinformation thus far. Our analysis reveals twelve factors: thinking styles, political ideology, worldview and beliefs, pathologies, knowledge, emotions, (social) media use, demographics, perceived control, trust, culture, and environment. By applying the results to the socio-ecological model (SEM), we provide a comprehensive view on what constitutes resilience to disinformation, delineate between different levels of influence, and identify relevant gaps in research. Our conceptualization contributes to an under-theorized field, in which the term resilience is much used yet rarely sufficiently defined.
The Astrological Schemes Behind bīt niṣirtu and KI in the Babylonian Horoscopes
Authors: Pilloni Alessia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Babylonian horoscopes, edited by Rochberg in 1998, contain sets of astronomical and astrological data on dates of, or close to, individuals’ births. Each element of these short and concise texts reflects the astral divinatory practices and astronomical observation developed over the first millennium BC, as well as the latest innovations, including the zodiac as coordinate system and the occurrence of new astrological schemes partly based on it, which had previously remained obscure. In this paper, I present a new interpretation of the astrological terminology and the schemes that underly some of the data in the Babylonian horoscopes.
Song of Spring: The Manifestation of Love and the Metaphor of Illness
Authors: Wang Haizhou , Zhang Lin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The film Song of Spring creatively portray a pair of mother and daughter who are distinct but twinned and complementary, with a focus on traditional Chinese family ethics. The intertextuality between the two characters not only enriches their images but also enhances the ambiguity of the film. Additionally, the film utilizes the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease as a metaphor and employs the love between the mother and daughter as a “medicine” to bridge the gap between them. Through this depiction of the disease, the film also provides a glimpse into the collective memory of the Chinese nation.
High birefringence low loss nearly zero flat dispersion similar to slotted core photonic crystal fibers
Authors: Jia Chunrong , Zhang Qingyu , Chen Zhipeng , Tang Yukun , Di Zhigang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Studying high-performance photonic crystal fibers (PCF) is of significant scientific importance for terahertz (THz) waveguide systems. This study introduces a novel PCF design with a core composed of the smallest sub-wavelength units resembling a slotted structure, aiming to achieve high birefringence and low loss. The optical properties of the proposed PCF are analyzed through simulations, yielding impressive results. The PCF exhibits an ultra-high birefringence of 0.07848, a minimum limiting loss of 10−17 dB/cm, and an effective material loss as low as 0.04251 cm−1. Moreover, it demonstrates near-zero flat dispersion of −0.012 ± 0.074 ps/THz/cm over a broad frequency range of 1.2–2.2 THz. This fiber stands out by not only providing high birefringence but also by striking an optimal balance among birefringence, transmission loss, and dispersion for THz waveguides. The implications of this work are profound for the development of THz communication systems, THz polarization-maintaining transmission, and sensing applications. Furthermore, it established an important benchmark for the design of THz-PCFs that prioritize high birefringence, low loss, and near-zero flat dispersion, offering an essential reference for future research and development in this field.