bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A General and Efficient Cobalt(II)‐Based Catalytic System for Highly Stereoselective Cyclopropanation of Alkenes with α‐Cyanodiazoacetates.
Authors: Zhu Shifa , Xu Xue , Perman Jason A. , Zhang X. Peter 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA porphyrin‐based Co complex is successfully applied as catalyst in the cyclopropanation reaction of aromatic (I) and aliphatic terminal alkenes (V) with α‐cyanodiazoacetate (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Anionic N,O‐Ligated Pd(II) Complexes: Highly Active Catalysts for Alcohol Oxidation.
Authors: Bailie David S. , Clendenning Grainne M. A. , McNamee Laura , Muldoon Mark J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA series of anionic N,O‐chelated ligands is tested for the oxidation of 2‐octanol (18 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Cp* Iridium Complexes Give Catalytic Alkane Hydroxylation with Retention of Stereochemistry.
Authors: Zhou Meng , Schley Nathan D. , Crabtree Robert H. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe hydroxylation of cycloalkanes (I) and (III) proceeds smoothly in the presence of an Ir—Cp* catalyst to give the product cycloalkanols (II) and (IV), resp., with retention of stereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni(OAc)2: A Highly Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Enaminone and Enamino Ester Derivatives under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Liu Ju‐Yan , Cao Gai‐E , Xu Wei , Cao Jie , Wang Wei‐Lu 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe present new synthesis of enaminone and enamino ester derivatives is catalyzed by nickel acetate and works under solvent‐free conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: A Versatile Catalyst for Reductive Amination by Transfer Hydrogenation.
Authors: Wang Chao , Pettman Alan , Basca John , Xiao Jianliang 
Published: January 2011

AbstractReductive amination of a wide variety of aromatic and aliphatic ketones and aldehydes with primary and secondary amines proceeds smoothly in the presence of a novel cyclometalated Ir catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Oxidative Cross‐Coupling of Perfluoroarenes with Aromatic Heterocycles.
Authors: He Chun‐Yang , Fan Shilu , Zhang Xingang 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDirect oxidative cross coupling of electron‐deficient polyfluoroarenes with various hetaromatics proceeds smoothly in the presence of only 2.5 mol% Pd(O‐Ac)2.
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Fluoroamines from β‐Amino Alcohols: Application to the Synthesis of LY503430.
Authors: Duthion Beranger , Gomez Pardo Domingo , Cossy Janine 
Published: January 2011

Abstractβ‐Amino alcohols of type (I), (III), and (V) undergo a stereospecific reaction with DAST to give rearranged β‐fluoroamines with no or very low degree of racemization.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Urea Derivatives from Amines and CO2 in the Absence of Catalyst and Solvent.
Authors: Wu Chaoyong , Cheng Haiyang , Liu Ruixia , Wang Qiang , Hao Yufen , Yu Yancun , Zhao Fengyu 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis green process utilizes the captured carbon dioxide to prepare urea derivatives, avoiding the use of toxic or expensive substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Aromatic Fluoroolefins via Fluoro‐Julia—Kocienski Olefination.
Authors: Allendoerfer Nadine , Es‐Sayed Mazen , Nieger Martin , Braese Stefan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe methodology, previously developed by Gosh and Zajc, is modified and allows a high diversity of products which are of interest in medicinal chemistry.
ChemInform Abstract: Iridium‐Catalyzed Formylation of Amines with Paraformaldehyde.
Authors: Saidi Ourida , Bamford Mark J. , Blacker A. John , Lynch James , Marsden Stephen P. , Plucinski Pawel , Watson Robert J. , Williams Jonathan M. J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBoth primary and secondary amines are suitable substrates for the process.
ChemInform Abstract: Pd‐Catalyzed Intermolecular ortho‐C—H Amidation of Anilides by N‐Nosyloxycarbamate.
Authors: Ng Ka‐Ho , Chan Albert S. C. , Yu Wing‐Yiu 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTitle reaction provides access to a wide range of amide‐protected o‐amino anilines in good yields and with excellent regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Molybdenum‐Mediated Carbonylation of Aryl Halides with Nucleophiles Using Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Roberts Bryan , Liptrot David , Alcaraz Lilian , Luker Tim , Stocks Michael J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe process can be applied to the formation of various amides, sulfonamides and carboxylic acids/esters.
ChemInform Abstract: Remote Amide‐Directed Palladium‐Catalyzed Benzylic C—H Amination with N‐Fluorobenzenesulfonimide.
Authors: Xiong Tao , Li Yan , Lv Yunhe , Zhang Qian 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn unprecedented remote amide‐directed intermolecular highly selective benzylic C—H amination with fluorobenzenesulfonimide (II) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Two‐Step, One‐Pot Synthesis of Primary Acylureas.
Authors: Xiao Zili , Yang Michael G. , Tebben Andrew J. , Galella Michael A. , Weinstein David S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe process involves the BOP‐promoted coupling of carboxylic acids with cyanamide and subsequent mild hydrolysis.
ChemInform Abstract: Cross‐Coupling in a Flow Microreactor: Space Integration of Lithiation and Murahashi Coupling.
Authors: Nagaki Aiichiro , Kenmoku Akira , Moriwaki Yuya , Hayashi Atsushi , Yoshida Jun‐ichi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractLithiation of aryl bromides is successfully combined with the subsequent cross coupling of the aryllithium reagents with aryl bromides in a flow microreactor to give biphenyl derivatives, e.g. (III), (V) or hetaryl analogues (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed Bis‐Functionalization of Isatylidenes: A Facile Route Towards Spiro‐Indol‐2‐ones.
Authors: George Sholly Clair , John Jubi , Anas Saithalavi , John Joshni , Yamamoto Yoshinori , Suresh Eringathodi , Radhakrishnan K. V. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract3,3‐Disubstituted indol‐2‐ones are obtained by the present new method of quaternization of position 3 of oxindoles (I).
ChemInform Abstract: β‐Nitroacrylates as Precursors of Tetrasubstituted Furans in a One‐Pot Process and under Acidic Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Ballini Roberto , Gabrielli Serena , Palmieri Alessandro 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe procedure affords the target compounds in moderate to good yield and renders possible an easy introduction of substituents in positions 2 and 5.
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Vinylogous Aldol Reaction of 2‐(Trimethylsilyloxy)furan and Aldehydes.
Authors: Du Guang‐Fen , He Lin , Gu Cheng‐Zhi , Dai Bin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe process can be carried out under low catalyst loading and proceeds with good diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Double N‐Vinylation of Aromatic Amines: An Efficient Synthesis of Various Substituted N‐Arylpyrroles.
Authors: Liao Qian , Zhang Liyun , Wang Fei , Li Shutao , Xi Chanjuan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractVarious substituted N‐arylpyrroles are directly synthesized by sequential inter‐ and intramolecular N‐vinylation reactions of primary aryl amines (II) with dienyl diiodides.
ChemInform Abstract: Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cyclization of β‐Allenylhydrazones: An Efficient Synthesis of Multisubstituted N‐Aminopyrroles.
Authors: Benedetti Erica , Lemiere Gilles , Chapellet Laure‐Lise , Penoni Andrea , Palmisano Giovanni , Malacria Max , Goddard Jean‐Philippe , Fensterbank Louis 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSelective 1,2 migrations of alkyl or aryl groups [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 3,3‐Disubstituted Oxindoles by Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Reaction of 2‐(Alkynyl)aryl Isocyanates with Benzylic Alcohols.
Authors: Toyoshima Takeharu , Mikano Yusuke , Miura Tomoya , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTreatment of isocyanates (I) with benzylic or allylic alcohols in the presence of a Pd‐catalyst results in a cyclization and [1,3]‐rearrangement sequence to give the title compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Pyrazoles: Oxidative C—C/N—N Bond‐Formation Cascade.
Authors: Neumann Julia J. , Suri Mamta , Glorius Frank 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA new synthetic access towards tetrasubstituted pyrazoles is presented, involving the Cu(II)‐mediated reaction of a wide diversity of enamines with various aliphatic and aromatic nitriles.
ChemInform Abstract: 1‐Allyl‐ and 1‐Benzyl‐3‐methyl‐1,2,3‐triazolium Salts via Tandem Click Transformations.
Authors: Flechter James T. , Keeney Matthew E. , Walz Sara E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTriazoles of type (III) are synthesized in a one‐pot manner via 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of terminal alkynes bearing an alkyl chain and organic azides, generated in situ.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Antiinflammatory Activity Evaluation of Some Novel 6‐Alkoxy (Phenoxy)‐[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4‐a]phthalazine‐3‐amine Derivatives.
Authors: Sun Xian‐Yu , Hu Chuan , Deng Xian‐Qing , Wei Cheng‐Xi , Sun Zhi‐Gang , Quan Zhe‐Shan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTitle compounds (VI) (21 examples) are synthesized starting from phthalic anhydride (I) using the cyclization reaction of phthalazinylhydrazine (II) with cyanogen bromide as the key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and UV Absorption of New Conjugated Quinoxaline 1,4‐Dioxide Derivatives Anticipated as Tumor Imaging and Cytotoxic Agents.
Authors: El‐Gogary Sameh R. , Waly Mohamed A. , Ibrahim Ismail T. , El‐Sepelgy Osama Z. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe compounds (V), (VII), and (IX) show UV absorptions around λmax <350 nm.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Borylation of Reactive Aryl Halides with MPBH (4,4,6‐Trimethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborinane).
Authors: PraveenGanesh Nageswaran , Demory Emilien , Gamon Christine , Blandin Veronique , Chavant Pierre Y. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractElectron‐rich substrates give high yields, whereas electron‐deficient substrates react with competitive hydrodehalogenation.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Synthetic Methodologies. Part 205. Hydrophosphonylation of Benzoylhydrazones Using Iodine as a Catalyst: A Facile Synthesis of α‐(N′‐Acylhydrazino)‐Substituted Phosphonates.
Authors: Das Biswanath , Kumar Jayprakash Narayan , Kumar Avula Satya , Kanth Boddu Shashi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared as biologically interesting analogues of aminosubstituted phoshonic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: Pyridine 2,6‐Dicarboxylic Acid as a Bifunctional Organocatalyst for Hydrophosphonylation of Aldehydes and Ketones in Water.
Authors: Jahani Fatemeh , Zamenian Behi , Khaksar Samad , Tajbakhsh Mahmood 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe cost‐effective and environmentally friendly procedure affords various α‐hydroxyphoshonates within a short reaction time.
ChemInform Abstract: Ring‐Closing Metathesis of Allylsilanes as a Flexible Strategy Toward Cyclic Terpenes. Short Syntheses of Teucladiol, Isoteucladiol, Poitediol, and Dactylol and an Attempted Synthesis of Caryophyllene.
Authors: Dowling Matthew S. , Vanderwal Christopher D. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractRing‐closing metathesis of the allylsilane (I) followed by methylation and desilylation allows a short route to teucladiol (V) and isoteucladiol (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Palmyrolide A, an Unusually Stabilized Neuroactive Macrolide from Palmyra Atoll Cyanobacteria.
Authors: Pereira Alban R. , Cao Zhengyu , Engene Niclas , Soria‐Mercado Irma E. , Murray Thomas F. , Gerwick William H. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe absolute configuration is determined at C‐14, whereas between C‐5 and C‐7 only a syn relative configuration can be established.
ChemInform Abstract: Convergence of the Enhancement of the Effective Mass under Pressure and Magnetic Field in Heavy‐Fermion Compounds: CeRu2Si2, CeRh2Si2, and CeIn3
Authors: Flouquet J. , Aoki D. , Knafo W. , Knebel G. , Matsuda T. D. , Raymond S. , Proust C. , Paulsen C. , Haen P. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractReview: 60 refs.
Measurement and Analysis of Mixture Adsorption Equilibrium in Porous Solids
Authors: Talu Orhan 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMost applications of adsorption involve fluid mixtures and porous solids. Three reference states with Gibbs definition of adsorption describe absolute, excess, and net adsorption frameworks. All depend on solid mass as the extensive property rather than surface area, an ambiguous concept for porous solids. Pure component isotherms by push‐button apparatus are a first step to characterize adsorption, but process development also requires mixture data since models are not dependable. Mixture experiments are an order of magnitude more complicated than pure isotherms requiring careful design of apparatus and experiments. Thermodynamic relations are very useful for system and experimental design and for analysis of data. All relevant definitions and relations are explained in this paper and illustrated with a set of pure and binary mixture adsorption equilibrium data.
Optimizing antibody panels for efficient and cost‐effective flow cytometric diagnosis of acute leukemia
Authors: Haycocks Neil G. , Lawrence Lenore , Cain Joseph W. , Zhao X. Frank 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground:Differentiating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) determines effective patient management and often depends on flow cytometry. Antibodies used in flow cytometry are costly, and the expenses are not always reimbursed. Having observed that AML and ALL have distinct patterns in the CD45/SSC panel, we set to analyze more leukemia cases and establish an algorithm for the efficient diagnosis of acute leukemia.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 127 consecutive cases of acute leukemia within the last 2 years and correlated the blast distribution patterns in the CD45/SSC panel, with the morphology and the detailed immunophenotype.Results:Our results show that all the acute leukemias can be initially triaged into AML, ALL, and Indeterminate provisional groups based on the blast distribution patterns in the CD45/SSC panel and morphology. Each group was then further analyzed with tailored AML, ALL, and Indeterminate flow panels. Using this approach, we have efficiently and correctly diagnosed almost all the acute leukemias. Our analysis also determined the minimal numbers of immunological markers needed for the lineage assignment of acute leukemia.Conclusion:The algorithmic approach with tailored subsequent antibody selection could maintain diagnostic accuracy while significantly reducing reagent use, labor, and time. With a shrinking reimbursement for flow cytometric studies, an increase in laboratory efficiency without compromising diagnostic accuracy or turnaround time will contribute to preserving revenue and optimizing clinical service. © 2011 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Modulation of the cellular and humoral immune response to pediatric open heart surgery by methylprednisolone
Authors: Bocsi Jozsef , Hänzka Marie‐Christin , Osmancik Pavel , Hambsch Jörg , Dähnert Ingo , Sack Ulrich , Bellinghausen Wilfried , Schneider Peter , Janoušek Jan , Kostelka Martin , Tárnok Attila 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground:With the intention to reduce overshooting immune response, glucocorticoids are frequently administered perioperatively in children undergoing open heart surgery. In a retrospective study we investigated extensively the modulation of the humoral and cellular immune response by methylprednisolone (MP).Methods:This study was carried out on blood samples from two groups of children who had undergone surgical correction of atrial or ventricular septal defects, either without (MP−, n = 10), or with MP administration (MP+, n = 23, dose median 11 (IQR 10–16) mg kg−1 body weight) before cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB, duration median 42 (IQR 36–65) min). EDTA blood was obtained 24 h preoperatively, after anesthesia, at CPB begin and end, 4, 24, and 48 h after surgery, at discharge and at out‐patient follow‐up (median 8.2 (IQR 3.3–12.2) months after surgery). Complex blood analysis including clinical chemistry and flow cytometry were performed to monitor humoral immune response, differential blood count, lymphocyte subsets, and the degree of activation of various leukocyte subpopulations.Results:The patients' postoperative courses and follow‐up were uneventful. Release of IL‐6 and IL8 was reduced and that of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 upregulated by MP. Significant increase of circulating neutrophils and monocytes as inflammatory reaction to surgery and CPB contact was detected in both groups. However, invasion of monocytes to the periphery was delayed with MP. CD4+ and CD8+ T‐lymphocyte counts were lower with MP treatment. B‐lymphocyte count increased significantly after surgery in MP+ but remained constant in MP− group.Conclusions:MP treatment partially decreased the pro‐inflammatory effect of CPB surgery and induced anti‐inflammatory effect on the cellular and humoral level. © 2011 International Clinical Cytometry Society
On the optimum processing gain for a hybrid DS/FFH‐CDMA cellular system over Rayleigh fading channels
Authors: Varzakas P. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe optimization between the processing gain and the theoretically achievable average channel capacity per user (in the Shannon sense) of a constant total system's allocated bandwidth hybrid direct sequence/fast frequency hopping code‐division multiple‐access (DS/FFH‐CDMA) cellular system, when operating in a Rayleigh fading environment, is presented. Then, the spectral efficiency, expressed in (bits/s/Hz), is estimated in terms of the achievable average channel capacity per user, during the operation over a broadcast cellular time‐varying link, and leads to a simple theoretical novel‐closed‐form expression for the optimal processing gain value based on the maximization of the achieved spectral efficiency. The final expression derived can be useful for the practical design of a DS/FFH‐CDMA cellular system and for an initial quantitative analysis since it relates to the optimal processing gain applied and all system's parameters. Finally, numerical results are presented to illustrate and prove the validity of the presented analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance analysis of selection diversity over exponentially correlated α– µ fading environment
Authors: Popović Zoran , Panić Stefan R. , Anastasov Jelena , Spalević Petar , Stefanović Mihajlo 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn approach to the performance analysis of multibranch selection combiner (SC) receiver operating over fading channels is presented. High level of generality for the proposed analysis is achieved by considering correlated α– µ fading environment. The effect of correlation is studied by assuming exponential correlation model of the signals in each diversity branch. The whole analysis is observed in the interference‐limited fading environments (SIR‐based diversity system is assumed). The important performance measures are considered. Closed form of formulae for the output SIR's probability density function and cumulative distribution function are derived. In order to check the accuracy of the complete proposed formulation, some numerical results are presented. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrating machine learning inad hocrouting: A wireless adaptive routing protocol
Authors: Russell Brian , Littman Michael L. , Trappe Wade 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe nodes in a wirelessad hocnetwork act as routers in a self‐configuring network without infrastructure. An application running on the nodes in thead hocnetwork may require that intermediate nodes act as routers, receiving and forwarding data packets to other nodes to overcome the limitations of noise, router congestion and limited transmission power. In existing routing protocols, the ‘self‐configuring’ aspects of network construction have generally been limited to the construction of routes that minimize the number of intermediate nodes on a route while ignoring the effects that the resulting traffic has on the overall communication capacity of the network. This paper presents a context‐aware routing metric that factors the effects of environmental noise and router congestion into a single time‐based metric, and further presents a new cross‐layer routing protocol, called Warp‐5 (Wireless Adaptive Routing Protocol, Version 5), that uses the new metric to make better routing decisions in heterogeneous network systems. Simulation results for Warp‐5 are presented and compared to the existing, well‐known AODV (Ad hocOn‐Demand Distance Vector) routing protocol and the reinforcement‐learning based routing protocol, Q‐routing. The results show Warp‐5 to be superior to shortest path routing protocols and Q‐routing for preventing router congestion and packet loss due to noise. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficient uplink scheduling policy for variable bit rate traffic in IEEE 802.16 BWA systems
Authors: Chen Yeong‐Sheng , Deng Der‐Jiunn , Hsu Yu‐Ming , Wang Sheng‐De 
Published: January 2011

SUMMARYOne of the major challenges in the context of transmitting real‐time multimedia data in broadband wireless access (BWA) systems is that the varied bit rate of traffic causes low bandwidth utilization. The conventional uplink scheduling algorithms for variable bit rate (VBR) video traffic transmission in IEEE 802.16 BWA systems have some disadvantages, including waste of uplink bandwidth, MAC overhead, and access delay. To cope with these difficulties, we propose an uplink scheduling algorithm for VBR traffic transmission for IEEE 802.16 BWA systems. In the proposed algorithm, the base station (BS) assigns uplink bandwidth to the video user by considering the traffic state transitions. The uplink bandwidth is equally divided into several intervals where each interval represents a traffic state. Only when the traffic state is changed, the bandwidth request process is incurred. Also, by using two reserved bits in the generic MAC header of IEEE 802.16 BWA systems as piggyback bits, the information about traffic state transition can be sent to the BS without extra overhead. Simulations conducted with QualNet 4.0 show that the bandwidth waste ratio of our proposed algorithm is less than that of the conventional algorithms. That is, the proposed algorithm outperforms the conventional algorithms for VBR traffic transmission in IEEE 802.16 BWA systems in terms of bandwidth utilization. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human tumor‐infiltrating Th17 cells have the capacity to differentiate into IFN‐γ+ and FOXP3+ T cells with potent suppressive function
Authors: Ye Jian , Su Xinming , Hsueh Eddy C. , Zhang Yanping , Koenig Joyce M. , Hoft Daniel F. , Peng Guangyong 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggests that Th17 cells and Tregs may exhibit development plasticity and that CD4+ Tregs can differentiate into IL‐17‐producing T cells; however, whether Th17 cells can reciprocally convert into Tregs has not been described. In this study, we generated Th17 clones from tumor‐infiltrating T lymphocytes (TILs). We showed that Th17 clones generated from TILs can differentiate into IFN‐γ‐producing and FOXP3+ cells after in vitro stimulation with OKT3 and allogeneic peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We further demonstrated that T‐cell receptor (TCR) engagement was responsible for this conversion, and that this differentiation was due to the epigenetic modification and reprogramming of gene expression profiles, including lineage‐specific transcriptional factor and cytokine genes. In addition to expressing IFN‐γ and FOXP3, we showed that these differentiated Th17 clones mediated potent suppressive function after repetitive stimulation with OKT3, suggesting that these Th17 clones had differentiated into functional Tregs. We further demonstrated that the Th17‐derived Tregs, unlike naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ Tregs, did not reconvert back into Th17 cells even under Th17‐biasing cytokine conditions. These results provide the critical evidence that human tumor‐infiltrating Th17 cells can differentiate into Tregs and indicate a substantial developmental plasticity of Th17 cells.