bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproducibility of functional MRI localization within the human somatosensory cortex
Authors: Vidyasagar Rishma , Parkes Laura M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the effect of fMRI localization approaches and region size on the reproducibility of digit localization in the human somatosensory cortex.Materials and Methods:Vibrotactile stimulation was applied to digits 2 and 4 producing cortical activation sites relating to each digit. Thirteen subjects were scanned twice on separate occasions in a 3 Tesla scanner using a voxel size of 2 mm. Regions of activity were thresholded to different sizes varying from 50 to 1000 voxels. Three measures of position were acquired from these regions: center of gravity (COG), center co‐ordinate and peak voxel. To account for registration errors, Euclidean distance between the two digits was computed. Reproducibility was determined in terms of the 95% confidence interval for individual position in X, Y, and Z and also the distance between the two digit locations.Results:Region size of 200 most significant voxels was shown to have the best reproducibility. Center co‐ordinate proved to be the most precise form of localizing activity with a 95% CI of 2.1 mm, 2.6 mm, and 3.1 mm in the X, Y, and Z axes. Euclidean distance between the center co‐ordinates of the two digit activation sites was shown to be a reliable means of overcoming registration errors with a 95% CI of 1.7 mm.Conclusion:This study shows a high level of reproducibility for fMRI localization in the somatosensory system. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gadoxetic acid disodium‐enhanced hepatocyte phase MRI: Can increasing the flip angle improve focal liver lesion detection?
Authors: Haradome Hiroki , Grazioli Luigi , Al manea Khalid , Tsunoo Mika , Motosugi Utaroh , Kwee Thomas C. , Takaraha Taro 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To determine whether hepatocyte phase gadoxetic acid disodium (EOB)‐enhanced MRI using a high flip angle (FA) improves focal liver lesion (FLL) detection compared with using a standard low FA.Materials and Methods:Sixty‐two consecutive patients with 159 FLLs underwent EOB‐enhanced MRI during the hepatocyte phase at 5, 10, 15, and 20 min, with both low (10°) and high (30°) FAs. Two blinded radiologists independently and randomly reviewed the two image sets using a four‐point rating scale. Sensitivities and specificities were calculated and lesion‐to‐liver contrast ratio (LLC) on all hepatocyte phase images was measured.Results:The sensitivities with high FA for small (≤10 mm) malignant FLLs were significantly higher than those with low FA, at all time points, for both readers (P ≤ 0.05). Meanwhile, the specificities of the two protocols for the detection of all FLLs at all time points during the hepatocyte phase were high and same (98.2%) for both readers, without any significant differences (P = 1.00). LLCs with high FA were significantly higher than those with low FA at all time points (P ≤ 0.001).Conclusion:Hepatocyte phase EOB‐enhanced MRI with increasing FA can significantly increase LLC and improve the detection of FLLs, particularly small malignant lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:132‐139. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Arterial flow characteristics in the presence of vascular disease and implications for fast spin echo‐based noncontrast MR angiography
Authors: Storey Pippa , Lim Ruth P. , Kim Sooah , Stoffel David R. , Lee Vivian S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To investigate arterial flow characteristics in the setting of vascular disease, and examine their effect on the performance of fast spin‐echo (FSE)‐based noncontrast MR angiography (NC‐MRA).Materials and Methods:Seventeen patients were recruited from among those scheduled for routine contrast‐enhanced MR angiography (CE‐MRA) of the lower extremities at 1.5 Tesla. The research portion of the exam was performed before the clinically‐indicated protocol and included phase‐contrast imaging at multiple levels in the legs and FSE‐based NC‐MRA in the calf and thigh, using a three‐dimensional ECG‐gated technique that exploits differences in arterial flow velocity between diastole and systole.Results:Vascular occlusions were associated with reduced systolic velocity, a delayed systolic peak, and, in two middle‐aged patients, an increase in diastolic velocity. Elevated systolic and diastolic velocities were observed in a subject with a nonhealing ulcer. NC‐MRA allowed visualization of arteries with systolic velocities as low as 3 cm/s, and exhibited comparable depiction to CE‐MRA for diastolic velocities as high as 6 cm/s. At the highest diastolic velocities observed (15 cm/s) arterial depiction was severely degraded.Conclusion:FSE‐based NC‐MRA as presently implemented performs successfully over a wide range of flow patterns, but does not accommodate extremely low systolic velocities or very high diastolic velocities. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of large‐scale atmospheric circulation weather types on variations in the water level of Lake Urmia, Iran
Authors: Jalili Sheida , Kirchner Ingo , Livingstone David M. , Morid Saeid 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLake Urmia, a large, hypersaline lake in north‐western Iran, experiences large fluctuations in water level, and hence also surface area. At present, the water level is falling and the surface area contracting alarmingly. One important determinant of the water level of the lake is shown to be large‐scale atmospheric circulation, expressed in terms of objective circulation weather types (CWTs), acting on the lake via regional precipitation and air temperature (as a proxy for evaporation). Seasonal changes in lake level, along with seasonal gridded precipitation and air temperature data, are shown to be strongly related to the frequency of occurrence of different CWTs. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Preparation of Nanosilica/Polynorbornene Nanocomposite by Covalently Immobilized Silica‐Supported Acetylacetonate Palladium(II) Dichloride Catalyst
Authors: Yuan Bin , He Xiaohui , Chen Yiwang , Wang Kaiti 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCovalently immobilized silica‐supported acetylacetonate dichloride palladium(II) precatalyst is prepared by the reaction of silica particles grafted acetylacetonate ligand further exchange with [Et4N]2PdCl4. The silica‐supported catalyst is used in slurry polymerizations of norbornene (NB) to afford a highly productive NB addition polymerization system in combination with B(C6F5)3 cocatalyst. It exhibits productivity of 84 kg of PNB (mol Pd)−1 h−1 at the initial activity, and the catalyst deactivation kinetics in the early stage of polymerization are fitted well by the first‐order deactivation kinetics. The obtained vinyl‐type polynorbornene is confirmed to be nanosilica hybrid PNB nanocomposite by SEM, TEM with an energy dispersive spectrometer, TGA, and XRD.
Metabolomic analysis reveals differences in urinary excretion of kiwifruit‐derived metabolites in a mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Lin Hui‐Ming , Edmunds Shelley J. , Zhu Shuotun , Helsby Nuala A. , Ferguson Lynnette R. , Rowan Daryl D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe interleukin‐10‐deficient (IL‐10−/−) mouse, a model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), develops intestinal inflammation unless raised in germ‐free conditions. The metabolic effects of consuming extracts from the fruits of yellow (Actinidia chinensis) or green‐fleshed (A. deliciosa) kiwifruit that displayed in vitro anti‐inflammatory activity were investigated in IL‐10−/− mice by metabolomic analysis of urine samples. Kiwifruit‐derived metabolites were detected at significantly higher levels in urine of IL‐10−/− mice relative to those of wild‐type mice, indicating that the metabolism of these metabolites was affected by IL‐10−/−‐wild‐type genotypic differences. Urinary metabolites previously associated with inflammation were not altered by the kiwifruit extracts. This study demonstrates the use of metabolomic analysis to study dietary effects and the influence of genotype on food metabolism, which may have implications on the development of functional foods for the treatment of IBD.
Bilberries and their anthocyanins ameliorate experimental colitis
Authors: Piberger Heidi , Oehme Anett , Hofmann Claudia , Dreiseitel Andrea , Sand Philipp G. , Obermeier Florian , Schoelmerich Juergen , Schreier Peter , Krammer Gerhard , Rogler Gerhard 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBilberries have positive effects in acute and chronic diarrhea. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) report on improved symptoms upon ingestion. Bilberries contain approximately 10% of anthocyanins (ACs), which have anti‐oxidative, anti‐carcinogenic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. We investigated whether experimental colitis can be ameliorated by dried bilberries or ACs. Acute and chronic dextrane sodium sulphate (DSS) colitis were induced in Balb/c mice by 2.5% DSS in the drinking water. Mice were fed with dried bilberries or ACs, respectively. Cytokines were determined in supernatants from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) by ELISA and apoptosis was investigated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin‐dUTP nick end labeling assays. Oral administration of bilberries during acute DSS‐induced colitis ameliorated disease severity and reduced secretion of IFN‐γ and tumor necrosis factor from mesenteric lymph node cells. Dried bilberries also improved chronic DSS‐colitis. Ingestion of ACs reduced intestinal inflammation in acute and chronic DSS‐colitis with decreased histological scores and cytokine secretion. Both bilberries and ACs prevented inflammation‐induced apoptosis in colonic epithelial cells. Taken together, ingestion of dried bilberries had positive effects on various parameters especially in acute DSS‐colitis. Oral administration of ACs resulted in an amelioration of acute colitis as well as chronic colitis. These promising results justify a clinical study on their therapeutic effect in inflammatory bowel disease patients.
Extended FEM modeling of crack paths near inclusions
Authors: Nielsen C. V. , Legarth B. N. , Niordson C. F. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYThe extended FEM is applied to model crack growth near inclusions. A procedure to handle different propagation rates at different crack tips is presented. The examples considered investigate uniform tension as well as equibiaxial tension under plane strain conditions. A parameter study analyzes the effects on the crack path when changing the relative stiffness between inclusion and matrix material, the relative distance between initial crack and inclusion, and the size of the inclusion. Both edge cracks and internal cracks are studied. An example with an internal crack near an inclusion is presented, where both crack tips propagate at different growth rates until one crack tip eventually stops growing, as the related energy release rate drops below the critical value. In another example, only one crack tip propagates initially, but eventually, the energy release rate of the second crack tip becomes critical, and both crack tips propagate. Finally, an example of two cracks near an inclusion is presented in which up to four crack tips propagate simultaneously. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The biphasic nature of hypoxia‐induced directional migration of activated human hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Novo Erica , Povero Davide , Busletta Chiara , Paternostro Claudia , di Bonzo Lorenzo Valfrè , Cannito Stefania , Compagnone Alessandra , Bandino Andrea , Marra Fabio , Colombatto Sebastiano , David Ezio , Pinzani Massimo , Parola Maurizio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractLiver fibrogenesis is sustained by pro‐fibrogenic myofibroblast‐like cells (MFs), mainly originating from activated hepatic stellate cells (HSC/MFs) or portal (myo)fibroblasts, and is favoured by hypoxia‐dependent angiogenesis. Human HSC/MFs were reported to express vascular‐endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF‐receptor type 2 and to migrate under hypoxic conditions. This study was designed to investigate early and delayed signalling mechanisms involved in hypoxia‐induced migration of human HSC/MFs. Signal transduction pathways and intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated by integrating morphological, cell, and molecular biology techniques. Non‐oriented and oriented migration were evaluated by using wound healing assay and the modified Boyden's chamber assay, respectively. The data indicate that hypoxia‐induced migration of HSC/MFs is a biphasic process characterized by the following sequence of events: (a) an early (15 min) and mitochondria‐related increased generation of intracellular ROS which (b) was sufficient to switch on activation of ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 that were responsible for the early phase of oriented migration; (c) a delayed and HIF‐1α‐dependent increase in VEGF expression (facilitated by ROS) and its progressive, time‐dependent release in the extracellular medium that (d) was mainly responsible for sustained migration of HSC/MFs. Finally, immunohistochemistry performed on HCV‐related fibrotic/cirrhotic livers revealed HIF‐2α and haem‐oxygenase‐1 positivity in hepatocytes and α‐SMA‐positive MFs, indicating that MFs were likely to be exposed in vivo to both hypoxia and oxidative stress. In conclusion, hypoxia‐induced migration of HSC/MFs involves an early, mitochondrial‐dependent ROS‐mediated activation of ERK and JNK, followed by a delayed‐ and HIF‐1α‐dependent up‐regulation and release of VEGF. Copyright © 2012 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Assessing vaccine safety communication with healthcare providers in a large urban county
Authors: Meranus Dana , Stergachis Andy , Arnold Jenny , Duchin Jeffrey 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTPurposeVaccination is the primary public health tool for influenza control. Rapid assessment of the safety of any widely disseminated pandemic influenza vaccine is a public health priority. This study identifies practices, strengths, and weaknesses of vaccine‐associated adverse event (AE) reporting to inform public health systems improvement.MethodsA survey was developed with local and state health agencies' input. After pre‐testing, the survey was distributed online and via mail to a random sample of King County, WA, healthcare professionals, composed of 60 commercial vaccinator employees and school health nurses, 500 physicians, and 300 pharmacists.ResultsThe response rate was 36%. Results indicate that if an AE was suspected, 17% of respondents would not know how to report it, with 61% of respondents citing unclear definitions of a reportable AE as a barrier and 18% of respondents unaware of whose responsibility it is to report an AE.ConclusionHealthcare professionals who provide immunizations need additional information on their role in vaccine safety and AE reporting. Strengthening both passive and active reporting systems can enhance surveillance efforts during real‐time events, such as mass immunization during a pandemic and other large‐scale emergency countermeasure distribution programs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolving internship issues in school psychology preparation
Authors: Phelps LeAdelle , Swerdlik Mark E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCurrent issues relevant to school psychology internships are reviewed. The movement toward professional competencies and behavioral benchmarks as they relate to school psychology internships is discussed, with a concentration on American Psychological Association and National Association of School Psychologists standards. Given the emphasis on observable outcomes and assessment of competencies, implications specific to the internship year at both the specialist and doctoral levels are considered. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High nuclear RBM3 expression is associated with an improved prognosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Hjelm Barbara , Brennan Donal J. , Zendehrokh Nooreldin , Eberhard Jakob , Nodin Björn , Gaber Alexander , Pontén Fredrik , Johannesson Henrik , Smaragdi Kristina , Frantz Christian , Hober Sophia , Johnson Louis B. , Påhlman Sven , Jirström Karin , Uhlen Mathias 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose: In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact of human RBM3 expression in colorectal cancer using tissue microarray‐based immunohistochemical analysis.Experimental design: One polyclonal antibody and four monoclonal anti‐RBM3 antibodies were generated and epitope mapped using two different methods. Bacterial display revealed five distinct epitopes for the polyclonal antibody, while the four mouse monoclonal antibodies were found to bind to three of the five epitopes. A peptide suspension bead array assay confirmed the five epitopes of the polyclonal antibody, while only one of the monoclonal antibodies could be mapped using this approach. Antibody specificity was confirmed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry, including siRNA‐mediated knock‐down. Two of the antibodies (polyclonal and monoclonal) were subsequently used to analyze RBM3 expression in tumor samples from two independent colorectal cancer cohorts, one consecutive cohort (n=270) and one prospectively collected cohort of patients with cancer of the sigmoid colon (n=305). RBM3‐expression was detected, with high correlation between both antibodies (R=0.81, p<0.001).Results: In both cohorts, tumors with high nuclear RBM3 staining had significantly prolonged the overall survival. This was also confirmed in multivariate analysis, adjusted for established prognostic factors.Conclusion and clinical relevance: These data demonstrate that high tumor‐specific nuclear expression of RBM3 is an independent predictor of good prognosis in colorectal cancer.
Index assignment of a carbon nanotube rope using tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Goß Karin , Peica Niculina , Thomsen Christian , Maultzsch Janina , Schneider Claus M. , Meyer Carola 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe used tip‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy to study the diameter‐dependent Raman modes in a contacted carbon nanotube (CNT) rope. We show that with the near‐field tip enhancement a large number of nanotubes within a rope can be identified, even if the nanotube modes cannot be distinguished in the far‐field signal. Several metallic and semiconducting nanotubes can be identified and assigned to nanotube families. Additionally, we provide a tentative chiral index assignment.
Reflective interferometric gas sensing using nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO)
Authors: Kumeria Tushar , Losic Dusan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis Letter reports the use of nanoporous anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) for reflective interferometric gas sensing. Gas detection is based on changes of the interference signal from AAO porous layer as a result of the specific adsorption of gas molecules on a metal coated surface. Two different metal coatings – gold (Au) and platinum (Pt) – were used and their application for the detection of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and hydrogen (H2) is shown. The practical application of a microchip Au‐AAO sensor for measurement of H2S concentration and monitoring of malodour is also presented. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Quasi‐randomness of graph balanced cut properties
Authors: Huang Hao , Lee Choongbum 
Published: September 2011

AbstractQuasi‐random graphs can be informally described as graphs whose edge distribution closely resembles that of a truly random graph of the same edge density. Recently, Shapira and Yuster proved the following result on quasi‐randomness of graphs. Let k ≥ 2 be a fixed integer, α1,…,αk be positive reals satisfying
\documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document} \begin{align*}\sum_{i} \alpha_i = 1\end{align*} \end{document}
and (α1,…,αk)≠(1/k,…,1/k), and G be a graph on n vertices. If for every partition of the vertices of G into sets V
1,…,V
k of size α1n,…,αkn, the number of complete graphs on k vertices which have exactly one vertex in each of these sets is similar to what we would expect in a random graph, then the graph is quasi‐random. However, the method of quasi‐random hypergraphs they used did not provide enough information to resolve the case (1/k,…,1/k) for graphs. In their work, Shapira and Yuster asked whether this case also forces the graph to be quasi‐random. Janson also posed the same question in his study of quasi‐randomness under the framework of graph limits. In this paper, we positively answer their question. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2011
Sampling colourings of the triangular lattice
Authors: Jalsenius Markus 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe show that the Glauber dynamics on proper 9‐colourings of the triangular lattice is rapidly mixing, which allows for efficient sampling. Consequently, there is a fully polynomial randomised approximation scheme (FPRAS) for counting proper 9‐colourings of the triangular lattice. Proper colourings correspond to configurations in the zero‐temperature anti‐ferromagnetic Potts model. We show that the spin system consisting of proper 9‐colourings of the triangular lattice has strong spatial mixing. This implies that there is a unique infinite‐volume Gibbs distribution, which is an important property studied in statistical physics. Our results build on previous work by Goldberg, Martin and Paterson, who showed similar results for 10 colours on the triangular lattice. Their work was preceded by Salas and Sokal's 11‐colour result. Both proofs rely on computational assistance, and so does our 9‐colour proof. We have used a randomised heuristic to guide us towards rigourous results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 40, 501–533, 2012
Thermophysical Properties of a Fe‐Cr‐Mo Alloy in the Solid and Liquid Phase
Authors: Wunderlich R. K. , Fecht H. ‐J. , Egry I. , Etay J. , Battezzati L. , Ricci E. , Matsushita T. , Seetharaman S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractResults of a thermophysical characterization of a Fe‐Cr‐Mo alloy in the solid and liquid phases are reported. Methods applied include calorimetry, dilatometry; the laser flash technique for thermal diffusivity measurement and ultrasound pulse echo for the measurement of the room temperature sound velocities and elastic constants. Density in the liquid phase and surface tension were measured by optical dilatometry and by the oscillating drop method on electromagnetic levitated specimen. In addition, surface tension and viscosity were measured by the oscillating drop method on board parabolic flights under reduced gravity conditions. The methods applied and results obtained are presented. This work represents a collaborative effort, including round robin measurements in different laboratories for a characterization of the basic thermophysical properties needed for process simulation.