bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long Term Low Dose Pulsatile Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone Therapy for the Treatment of Anovulatory Infertility
Authors: Tan Seang Lin , Thong Pao Wen , Chong Rosalind , Chua Dixie , Tay Beng Choon , Jen Shek Wei , Aw Swee Eng , Salmon Yvonne Marjorie , Chen Christopher 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTwenty‐seven women who had clomiphene‐resistant anovulation as the only cause of infertility were studied. They were divided into 2 groups on the basis of pre‐treatment endocrine and ultrasound assessment: hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) (N=6) and polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) (N=21). They were administered pulsatile luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) therapy using miniaturized portable infusion pumps at a constant dose 15 ug per pulse every 90 minutes. The patients with HH were treated for a total of 31 cycles and 4 pregnancies were obtained. Twenty‐eight out of 31 cycles of therapy were ovulatory. The patients with PCOD were treated for a total of 65 cycles and, of these, 40 cycles were ovulatory. Ten patients became pregnant. When the patients with PCOD who ovulated were compared with those who failed to ovulate, it was found that the only predictor of successful therapy was the ponderal or body mass index. The mean ponderal index of those who ovulated was 22.20±2.62 (±SD) compared with 26.01±0.81 (±SD) for those who remained anovulatory. We conclude that pulsatile LHRH therapy is efficacious therapy for patients with HH but not as effective for patients with PCOD. In the latter group the ponderal index predicts for the likelihood of successful response to therapy.
Second Stage Fetal Heart Rate Decelerations in Breech Deliveries
Authors: Ohel Gonen , Brjejinski Amnon , Linder Nechama , Navot Daniel 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObservation of 35 term breech fetuses in the second stage of labor, demonstrated a 77% incidence of periodic fetal heart rate (FHR) decelerations, characterized by brisk onset and quick recovery. As head compression cannot be an important factor in such labors, the FHR changes are most probably caused by cord compression and its associated vagal reflex bradycardia. The high prevalence of such FHR changes underscores the need for continuous FHR monitoring of breech deliveries throughout the second stage of labor.
Comparison of Pharyngeal Aspiration and Amniotic Fluid Surfactant Phospholipids for Prediction of RDS
Authors: Dhall Kamala , Gupta Neelam , Majumdar Siddhartha , Bhakoo Onkar N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPulmonary surfactant phospholipids in nasopharyngeal aspirate have been compared with the corresponding parameters in amniotic fluid (AF) in 108 cases for prediction of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in the newborn. The concentration of phospholipids [lecithin sphingomyelin ratio (L/S) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG)] rises with the rising periods of gestation in both the fluids. When 2 groups of samples were compared, the values of phospholipids were higher in pharyngeal aspirate (PA) than in amniotic fluid (AF). These differences were statistically significant in case of PG but not in case of L/S ratio. Time interval between AF and PA collection, neonatal weight and Apgar score did not influence the concentration of phospholipids in AF and PA. The mature value, i.e. positive test could predict freedom from RDS in 99 to 100% of cases with PG and L/S in both the fluids respectively whereas predictability with negative test though less, was higher with phospholipids in AF than in PA.
Immunogenicity Study of a Plasma‐Derived Heat‐Inactivated Hepatitis‐B Vaccine in Newborn Babies: A Randomised Dose‐Response Study
Authors: Ip Henrietta M. H. , Wong Vivian C. W. , Reesink Henk W. , Lelie P. Nico , Yeung C. Y. , Ma H. K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA double‐blind, randomised dose‐response study was carried out to evaluate the immunogenicity of a plasma‐derived, heat‐inactivated hepatitis‐B vaccine in newborn infants of mothers who were HBsAg‐positive but HBeAg‐negative.Four groups of 15 babies each were vaccinated at birth and at the age of 1 and 2 months with 0.1, 0.25, 0.6 and 3 μg, respectively. The anti‐HBs conversion rate was 100% at 3 and 6 months in the group immunized with 3 × 3 μg. In comparison with the 3‐μg group, the anti‐HBs conversion rate for the 0.6‐ μg group did not change significantly, but the geometric mean titre was significantly lowered (p<0.005). In the 0.1‐μg and 0.25‐μg groups, however, the anti‐HBs conversion rate was significantly reduced (p<0.05). This implies that the optimum dosage for this vaccine should be between 0.6 to 3 μg. Protective efficacy need to be proven before vaccine dosages are lowered for high risk newborns.
Genital Bleeding during the Administration of Danazol
Authors: Nakamura Gen‐ichi , Yoshimitsu Kiyotaka , Imura Mutsunori , Nakano Hitoo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn an effort to reduce undesirable bleeding during danazol treatment, we attempted to see any correlation between the frequency of bleeding and the starting period of danazol treatment during the menstrual cycle. We studied 57 women who were suffering from endometriosis externa and given danazol (400 mg/day) for periods between 16 and 24 weeks.The patients were divided into 4 groups depending on the day administration of the drug began; 18 patients started on the 1st or 2nd day of the menstrual cycle, 12 on the 3rd day, 20 on the 5th day and 7 after the 10th day.The rate of bleeding was 6.8±6.3% (M±SD) in the group starting on the 1st or 2nd day. This was significantly smaller than that of other groups starting treatment later in the menstrual cycle.The number of patients with complete amenorrhea throughout the entire treatment period was significantly higher in the group beginning administration of danazol on the 1st or 2nd day of the menstrual cycle.Therefore, administration of danazol should be started as early as possible in the menstrual cycle to reduce the frequency of bleeding.
Effects of Catecholestrogen 2‐Monomethyl Ether on Serum Cholesterol and Lipoprotein Levels
Authors: Kono Shinzo , Higa Hiroaki , Sunagawa Hajime 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe hypocholesterolemic effect of 2‐methoxyestrone (2‐MeOE1), 2‐methoxyestriol (2‐MeOE3) and estradiol‐17β (E2‐17β) was investigated in 2 experimental systems of normocholesterolemic and dietary hypercholesterolemic rats that had been oopho‐rectomized. Each compound was subcutaneously administered for 10 consecutive days at a dose of 10 μg per day in the former, and for 6 consecutive days at a dose of 300 μg per day in the latter.The hypocholesterolemic effect was as follows; 2‐MeOE3=E2‐17β>2‐MeOE1. In the latter system, the serum total cholesterol level of the individual rats in both 2‐MeOE3‐ and E2‐17β‐administered groups returned to normal.These hormones caused an increase of α‐lipoprotein, with an inversely proportional decrease of β‐lipoprotein, and the β‐/α‐lipoprotein ratio was in an inverse correlation with the hypocholesterolemic effect.The uterotrophic activity was detected with neither 2‐MeOE1 nor 2‐MeOE3, while E2‐17β exhibited an anomalous activity.2‐MeOE1 and 2‐MeOE3 had no effect on body weight, while E2‐17β reduced it slightly.The results suggest that catecholestrogen 2‐monomethyl ether plays an important role in lipid metabolism through estrogen receptor‐independent mechanisms, and has a pharmacologically important effect on hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis.
Iron Stores in Maternal and Cord Blood
Authors: Agha Farida , Hasan Talat Jahan , Khan Rafiq Ahmad , Jafarey Sadiqua 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSerum ferritin concentration was measured in 206 paired maternal and newborn (Umbilical cord sample) blood specimens taken during delivery. Iron deficiency (assessed by serum ferritin assay) was found in 38% pregnant women. The mean serum ferritin was significantly low in pregnant mothers compared to non‐pregnant women, indicating depleted iron stores at term.Serum ferritin levels in cord blood were higher than those in the maternal blood, indicating that the mother is in a state of iron deficiency with low serum ferritin and the fetus in a state of iron sufficiency with high serum ferritin.Maternal ferritin had no correlation with cord ferritin and babies born to iron deficient mothers had low but not statistically significant serum ferritin levels. This suggests that iron storage in the mother and iron metabolism in the fetus are not directly related. However, there seemed to be a level of maternal iron stores below which the newborn was endowed with decreased iron stores.
Changes in Neonatal Transcutaneous Bilirubinometer Index following Intravenous Fluid and Oxytocin Infusion during Labour
Authors: Loong E.P.L. , Lao T.T.H. , Chin R.K.H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA survey of 48 Chinese mothers and their babies was made regarding intravenous infusion of fluid and oxytocin during labour and changes in neonatal transcutaneous bilirubinometer (TCB) index. No significant difference was found in cord plasma bilirubin levels at delivery or TCB readings in the first 3 days of life between infants whose mothers had no intravenous infusion and infants whose mothers had infusion of Hartmann's solution or 5% dextrose solution with oxytocin. Administration of intravenous fluid or oxytocin in routine management of labour would not lead to neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia nor contribute to the high incidence of neonatal jaundice in full‐term Chinese newborn infants.
Ultrasound Directed Oocyte Recovery in an IVF Program
Authors: Wong P. C. , Wong Y. C. , Anandakumar C. , Hamilton M.P.R. , Chan C.L.K. , Ng S. C. , Bongso T. A. , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSixty‐three patients who underwent the IVF program had oocyte recovery done under ultrasound guidance. These patients were previously found to have inaccessible or partially inaccessible ovaries at laparoscopy. Twenty patients had oocyte recovery by the transurethral route while 43 were carried out by the transvaginal approach. In the transurethral group, 96 follicles (4.8 follicles per patient) were aspirated and 55 oocytes were recovered (57.3%) or 2.75 oocytes per patient. In the transvaginal group, 216 follicles (5.0 follicles per patient) were aspirated and 104 oocytes were recovered (48.1%) or 2.41 oocytes per patient. Ultrasound‐guided oocyte recovery is a satisfactory method of oocyte recovery in patients with inaccessible or partially inaccessible ovaries.
Anaerobic Infections in Pregnant Women Undergoing Caesarean Section and Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Dasgupta R. K. , Rao R. Sambasiva , Rajaram P. , Natarajan M. K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFrom 50 pregnant women who underwent caesarean section on elective or emergency basis (25 each) high vaginal swabs pre‐operatively and post‐operatively and amniotic fluids were cultured for both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. A mixed growth of aerobes and anaerobes was frequently observed; Gram‐positive cocci being predominant. Amniotic fluid from the women undergoing an emergency caesarean section showed significantly higher positivity for anaerobic bacteria. The same patients showed a greater propensity to develop post‐operative febrile morbidity. Absence of antenatal booking, increased duration of labour, prolonged rupture of membranes, more than 7 pelvic examinations and increased duration of surgery were found to be significant risk factors in the aetiopathogenesis of these infections.
Early Pregnancy Support in an in vitro Fertilization Program: Does Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Reduce the Miscarriage Rate?
Authors: Baber Rodney J. , Kuan Richard , Porter Richard N. , Saunders Douglas M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn order to determine the effect of early pregnancy support with intermittent injections of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), 60 patients with positive serum pregnancy tests following in vitro fertilization (IVF) or gamete intra‐fallopian transfer (GIFT) were randomly allocated into 2 groups. Those in one group were given 5,000 IU of hCG twice weekly until they reached 12 weeks gestation, or miscarried. Those in the other group acted as controls. There was no difference in the serum progesterone level or in pregnancy outcome noted between the 2 groups. The miscarriage rate in each group was 26.6%. It is concluded that exogenous hCG has no significant role to play once biochemical pregnancy has been achieved in patients with normal hormone profiles on an IVF program.
Glycosylated Haemoglobin in Obstetric Practice
Authors: Dhall Rajiv , Vasishta Kala , Majumdar Siddhartha 
Published: August 2010

AbstractForty pregnant non‐diabetics and 35 pregnant diabetics were studied in the antenatal period and followed till confinement. Glycosylated haemoglobin (GHb) and plasma glucose values (fasting and post load) were estimated at specific time periods.Various analyses showed GHb to have no significant correlation with glucose values (P>0.05). The diagnostic ability of GHb was significant at cut‐off values of 6lt;% and 7% (P< 0.05) but not at 8% (P>0.05). At 7%, sensitivity (65.62%) and specificity (60.71%) were close; the positive predictive value was 65.62%. In pregnant diabetics, monitoring the response to therapy with GHb yielded no significant change in the diabetic status.
Perinatal Mortality in Abnormal Presentations
Authors: Dalal Asha R. , Merchant R. N. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractPerinatal mortality though on the decline is still alarmingly high in India. When associated with an abnormal presentation it is higher still.In our hospital, i.e. the B.Y.L., Nair Hospital and the Kamathipura Municipal Hospital, we have observed that out of about 3,000 normal deliveries that we have yearly, in approximately 4–5% of them there is an abnormal presentation.The perinatal mortality has fallen from around 200 in 1981 to 139 in 1984. It has been observed that 18% of this figure comes from deaths associated with an abnormal presentation. Hence the thorough monitoring of the patients to detect and treat these abnormal presentations adequately will go a long way to reduce the perinatal mortality.
Salt Loading Alters the Composition of Urinary Protein in Pregnant Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Kurokawa Tatsuro , Shimokawa Hiroshi , Matsukuma Keita , Ishida Kiyoshi , Miyamoto Shingo , Nakano Hitoo 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe influence of salt loading on the composition of urinary protein in pregnant spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) was examined. The amount of daily urinary protein increased significantly in salt loaded pregnant SHR, compared to that in pregnant SHR given tap water. The composition of urinary protein changed from a low molecular weight protein dominant pattern to a 71 × 103molecular weight protein dominant pattern at 13 days of gestation in salt loaded SHR. In SHR given only tap water, the composition of urinary protein remained unaltered during pregnancy. Histology of the kidneys from both groups showed a normal architecture. The results suggest that excessive salt intake during pregnancy may affect the glomerular permeability to large molecular weight protein.
The Effect of an Antiprogestin Compound (RU486) on Gonadotropin and Prolactin Release in vivo
Authors: Arakawa Satoko , Ohkawa Tomi , Kambegawa Akira , Okinaga Shoichi , Arai Kiyoshi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe administered oil (group A), 5 mg of progesterone (P4) (group B), or 5 mg of P4+5mg of RU486 (antiprogestin) (group C) to castrated female rats treated with estradiol benzoate (EB). Serum LH, FSH, and prolactin (PRL) levels 24 hr after the injections were measured by specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) methods. Serum LH levels of group B were significantly lower than those of groups A and C, but serum levels of FHS and PRL showed different patterns. We administered oil (group D) or 5 mg of RU486 (group E) to normal cycling female rats. The serum levels of LH, FSH, and PRL of group E were higher than those of group D.These results confirmed that P4 had an inhibitory effect on LH release in spayed rats pretreated with EB and in normal rats with estrous cycles. The FSH and PRL levels are reportedly depressed by an intrinsic surge of P4 in normal rats during estrous cycles. And this inhibitory effect of P4 on the hypothalamo‐pituitary system was canceled by RU486.No significant difference was observed in pituitary weight or pituitary content of LH and FSH in this series of experiments.
Bleeding as a Consequence of Chorion Villus Sampling
Authors: Liu David T. Y. , Jeavons B. , Preston C. , Slater E. , Symonds E. M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA series of 4 separate studies were conducted to assess the incidence and short term consequence of bleeding associated with chorion villus sampling. Results support previous reports that risk of foetal‐maternal transfusion as suggested by a rise in maternal serum α‐fetoprotein (MSAFP) can occur. This occurrence is not consistent and need not be obvious even after therapeutic abortion. It is also transient and did not complicate mid‐trimester neural tube screening or subsequent course of pregnancy.Eighty‐seven percent of blood contaminating villus samples are of maternal origin.Following diagnosis 37% of patients reported some vaginal bleeding. This is mainly in the form of spotting which did not preclude normal pregnancy. Foetal loss occurred in 4 of the patients when bleeding considered heavier than spotting continued.In rhesus negative patients prophylactic anti‐D γ‐globulin is advised, since neither Kleihauer counts nor MSAFP estimation reliably detect all foetal‐maternal transfusions.
Birth from Replacement of Frozen‐Thawed Embryos after Failure of Gamete Intra‐Fallopian Transfer: A Successful Pregnancy Case
Authors: Wong P. C. , Ng S. C. , Hamilton M.P.R. , Chan C.L.K. , Bongso T. A. , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe patient was 8 years subfertile and had failed other forms of treatment when she was enrolled in the GIFT program. Of the total of 16 oocytes recovered 4 were transferred and the remaining 12 inseminated with her husband's sperm. Four resulting embryos were frozen. When she did not conceive, the 4 embryos were thawed 3 months later and replaced into her. She conceived and recently delivered a pair of twins. The protocol will be discussed in detail. Cryopreservation of embryos therefore may increase the patient's chance of pregnancy in a GIFT program.
Gonadal Dysgenesis: A Review of 15 Years Management
Authors: Tang Grace W. K. , Ma Ho‐Kei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFifteen years' experience in a Menstrual Disorder Clinic revealed that gonadal dysgenesis was the commonest cause of primary amenorrhoea. Investigations using Barr Body study and laparoscopic examination were unsatisfactory and inaccurate. The invasive nature of laparoscopy was the likely principal cause for the high default rate in the early years of the Clinic. The availability of hormone radioimmunoassay and cytogenetic study has improved the diagnostic acuity. Gonadal malignancy associated with the “Y” chromosome could also be identified at its early stage. Oestrogen replacement therapy has been found to be beneficial and is associated with little side effects and no endometrial pathology has been identified.
The Development of a Computer‐Aided Perinatal Information System
Authors: Hara Kazuhiro , Yanagihara Toshihiro , Kaneko Yoshiharu , Jimbo Toshiharu 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn the perinatal center of Kagawa Medical School, we have newly developed and introduced a computer‐aided perinatal information system to realize an ideal management system for high‐risk pregnancies. The system comprises 5 microcomputer subsystems. With this system, not only can the continuous full monitoring of the fetus during labor and delivery be easily realized, but also can the management of outpatients and perinatal statistics. This system also supports the telephone line network. Further, we have developed a highly convenient portable CTG that can easily be operated by the patient at home. Through the use of this portable CTG and the computer system, the information about fetal heart rate and uterine contractions of high‐risk pregnancy can be easily and directly transmitted to the hospital from the patient's home. This system is indispensable to reducing the perinatal morbidity and mortality.
An Alternative Approach to Assisted Vaginal Breech Delivery
Authors: Arulkumaran S. , Thavarasah A. S. , Ingemarsson I. , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe immediate neonatal outcome by 2 different methods of assisted vaginal breech delivery was studied. In group A, spontaneous expulsion only up to the hip was allowed with one contraction and bearing down efforts; the rest of the baby was delivered with assistance with the next contraction and bearing down efforts. In group B the mother was allowed to expel the fetus up to the shoulders (with assistance) during one contraction and bearing down efforts, followed by assisted delivery of the head with the next uterine contraction and bearing down efforts. A decline in fetal blood pH (>0.10) from the onset of delivery to cord arterial blood pH was more common in group B compared to group A; the difference being almost statistically significant (p=0.54). Newborns with 1 min Apgar score <4 and with a need for assisted ventilation were significantly more common in group B (p<0.05). Exposure, stretching and compression of the umbilical cord for a longer time and possible separation of the placenta in group B may be the reason for such an outcome. Further studies are needed to establish the possible advantage of the method of delivery adapted in group A.
Clinical Presentation, Hormonal Profiles and Ultrasonic Ovarian Morphology in Women with Suspected Polycystic Ovarian Disease*
Authors: Rojanasakul Aram , Sirimongkolkasem Rudi , Tongyai Tongtis , Piromsawasdi Samarn , Sumavong Varavudh , Chailurkit La‐or 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the clinical presentation, hormonal profiles and ultrasonic ovarian morphology in a group of Thai women with polycystic ovarian disease. The patients consisted of 54 women who had abnormal menstruation, androgenic symptoms, LH to FSH ratio of at least 3 and normal serum prolactin. The clinical and hormonal profiles of the patients were similar to the previous reports from developed countries. The typical ultrasonic cystic appearance of the ovaries was observed in about two‐thirds of the patients. The patients with cystic ovaries had lower mean body weight but higher mean serum LH and FSH than the control group.
Ethics in Infertility Management: Asian Aspects
Authors: Pandit Ramesh D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractRapid strides have been made in the management of infertility with newer and advanced techniques. The acceptability of the procedure, the immediate and remote outcome are linked with different aspects in different countries and nations. The new discipline of bio‐ethics deals with the ethical implications of biological phenomenon as manipulated or encountered by the science of medicine. Ethical problems encountered in management of infertility in Asian region are discussed.