bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social and ethical issues in environmental risk management
Authors: Oughton Deborah H. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The recognition of the social and ethical aspects of radiation risk management has been an important part of international projects following the Chernobyl accident of 1986. This study comments on the science and policy issues in environmental risk assessment, including the social and ethical dimensions of emergency preparedness and remediation experiences gained from the Chernobyl accident. While the unique situation of Fukushima, combined with an earthquake and tsunami, raises its own social and political challenges, it is hoped that some of the lessons learnt from Chernobyl will be relevant to long-term management of the Fukushima site. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:404–405. © 2011 SETAC
Agricultural land management options following large-scale environmental contamination
Authors: Vandenhove Hildegarde , Turcanu Catrinel 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The recent events at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, in Japan, have raised questions about the accumulation of radionuclides in soils, the transfer in the food chain, and the possibility for restricted land use in the foreseeable future. This article summarizes what is generally understood about the application of agricultural countermeasures as a land management option to reduce the transfer of radionuclides in the food chain and to facilitate the return of potentially affected soils to agricultural practices in the vicinity of the Fukushima plant. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:385–387. © 2011 SETAC
An overview of the transfer of radionuclides to farm animals and potential countermeasures of relevance to Fukushima releases
Authors: Beresford Nicholas A , Howard Brenda J 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Initial information since the releases of radioactive materials from the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, in Japan, shows that some animal food products are contaminated with 131I (mostly milk) and, to a lesser extent with 134Cs and 137Cs. Current knowledge on the transfer of these radioisotopes to animal products and available relevant countermeasures and management options to reduce radiation doses to humans are summarized. Much of this knowledge was obtained during the years of global fallout from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests and the response to the Chernobyl accident, in Ukraine in 1986. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:382–384. © 2011 SETAC
The transfer of radiocesium from soil to plants: Mechanisms, data, and perspectives for potential countermeasures in Japan
Authors: Smolders Erik , Tsukada Hirofumi 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The recent events at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, Japan, have raised questions about radiocesium (137Cs) transfer from soil to agricultural plants. This transfer has been studied extensively in Europe following the Chernobyl accident, in Soviet Ukraine in 1986. This article briefly discusses whether that transfer may be different in Japan in the aftermath of the Fukushima accident. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:379–381. © 2011 SETAC
The challenges posed by radiation and radionuclide releases to the environment
Authors: Wenning Richard J. , Apitz Sabine E. , Backhaus Thomas , Barnthouse Lawrence , Batley Graeme , Brooks Bryan , Chapman Peter M. , Griffin Michael , Kapustka Lawrence , Landis Wayne , Leung Kenneth M. Y. , Linkov Igor , Seager Thomas P. , Suter Glenn , Tannenbaum Lawrence 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The recent accident at the Fukushima I nuclear power plant in Japan (also known as Fukushima Daiichi) captured the world's attention and re-invigorated concerns about the safety of nuclear power technology. The Editors of Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management invited experts in the field to describe the primary issues associated with the control and release of radioactive materials to the environment, particularly those that are of importance to the health of the human populations and the ecological systems that populate our planet. This collection of invited short commentaries aims to inform on the safety of nuclear power plants damaged by natural disasters and provide a primer on the potential environmental impacts. The intent of these invited commentaries is not to fuel the excitement and fears about the Fukushima Daiichi incident; rather, it is to collect views and comments from some of the world's experts on the broad science and policy challenges raised by this event, and to provide high-level views on the science issues that surround this situation in order to improve our collective ability to avoid or at least minimize the consequences of future events. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:360–361. © 2011 SETAC
Recommendations from the international union of radioecology to improve guidance on radiation protection
Authors: Bréchignac François , Bradshaw Clare , Carroll Simon , Jaworska Alicja , Kapustka Larry , Monte Luigi , Oughton Deborah 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
This brief commentary summarizes the views of a working group assembled by the International Union of Radioecology to advance the approaches used to evaluate effects of radioactive materials in the environment. The key message in both the research needs and the recommendations for management of radioactive materials centers around the need to adopt an ecocentric approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of biota, including humans, and ecological processes. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2011;7:411–413. © 2011 SETAC
Progress in colorectal cancer survival in Europe from the late 1980s to the early 21st century: The EUROCARE study
Authors: Brenner Hermann , Bouvier Anne Marie , Foschi Roberto , Hackl Monika , Larsen Inger Kristin , Lemmens Valery , Mangone Lucia , Francisci Silvia ,   The EUROCARE Working Group
Published: May 2011

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cause of death due to cancer causing death in Europe, accounting for more than 200,000 deaths per year. Prognosis strongly depends on stage at diagnosis, and the disease can be cured in most cases if diagnosed at an early stage. We aimed to assess trends and recent developments in 5‐year relative survival in European countries, with a special focus on age, stage at diagnosis and anatomical cancer subsite. Data from 25 population‐based cancer registries from 16 European countries collected in the context of the EUROCARE‐4 project were analyzed. Using period analysis, age‐adjusted and age‐specific 5‐year relative survival was calculated by country, European region, stage and cancer subsite for time periods from 1988–1990 to 2000–2002. Survival substantially increased over time in all European regions. In general, increases were more pronounced in younger than in older patients, for earlier than for more advanced cancer stages and for rectum than for colon cancer. Substantial variation of CRC survival between European countries and between age groups persisted and even tentatively increased over time. There is a huge potential for reducing the burden of CRC in Europe by more widespread and equal delivery of existing options of effective early detection and curative treatment to the European population.
Human papillomavirus status in young patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: van Monsjou H.S. , van Velthuysen M.L.F. , van den Brekel M.W.M. , Jordanova E.S. , Melief C.J.M. , Balm A.J.M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) development has been recognized only in the last decade. Although younger patients develop HNSCC associated with HPV, the incidence in young patients has not been studied. Forty‐five young HNSCC patients (<40 years) were tested for HPV and the expression of p16ink4a and p53 in tumor biopsies. The presence of HPV was correlated with the absence and presence of alcohol and tobacco exposure. Paraffin‐embedded, archival biopsy materials from HNSCC of 45 patients younger than 40 years were analyzed. HPV subtypes were identified by PCR followed by genotyping. Expression of p16ink4a and p53 were determined by immunohistochemistry. Fourteen (31%) of the HNSCC specimens from 45 patients unequivocally exhibited HPV16 positivity. Sixty percentage of the oropharyngeal tumors and 5% of the oral cavity tumors were HPV16 positive. P16ink4a overexpression was detected in 93% of the HPV16‐positive tumors. None of the HPV16 tumors showed p53 overexpression. There was no association of HPV positivity with (lack of) exposure to alcohol and smoking. HPV association was not exclusively detected in nonsmoking, nondrinking young HNSCC patients. The presence of p16ink4a accumulation and the absence of p53 overexpression are good surrogate markers for HPV‐associated HNSCC.
Efficacy of serotonin inhibition in mouse models of bone loss
Authors: Inose Hiroyuki , Zhou Bin , Yadav Vijay K , Guo X Edward , Karsenty Gerard , Ducy Patricia 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
In a proof-of-concept study it was shown that decreasing synthesis of gut serotonin through a small molecule inhibitor of Tph1 could prevent and treat ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis in young mice and rats. In this study, we define the minimal efficacy of this Tph1 inhibitor, demonstrate that its activity is improved with the duration of treatment, and show that its anabolic effect persists on interruption. Importantly, given the prevalence of osteoporosis in the aging population, we then show that Tph1 inhibition rescues ovariectomy-induced bone loss in aged mice. It also cures the low bone mass of Lrp5-deficient mice through a sole anabolic effect. Lastly, we provide evidence that inhibition of gut serotonin synthesis can work in concert with an antiresorptive agent to increase bone mass in ovariectomized mice. This study provides a more comprehensive view of the anabolic efficacy of Tph1 inhibitors and further establishes the spectrum of their therapeutic potential in the treatment of bone-loss disorders. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Avoiding the van der Waals endpoint problem using serial atomic insertion
Authors: Boresch Stefan , Bruckner Stefan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the past analyses of the so‐called van der Waals end point problem focused on thermodynamic integration. Here we investigate which of the recommendations, such as the need for soft‐core potentials, are still valid when Bennett's acceptance ratio method is used. We show that in combination with Bennett's acceptance ratio method intermediate states characterized by the coupling parameter λ can be replaced by intermediate states in which Lennard‐Jones interactions are turned on or off on an “atom by atom” basis. By doing so, there is no necessity to use soft‐core potentials. In fact, one can compute free energy differences without dedicated code, making it possible to use any molecular dynamics program to compute alchemical free energy differences. Such an approach, which we illustrate by several examples, makes it possible to exploit the tremendous computational power of the graphics processing unit. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011
Impact of magnetic resonance imaging on cardiac mortality in thalassemia major
Authors: Chouliaras Giorgos , Berdoukas Vasilios , Ladis Vassilis , Kattamis Antonis , Chatziliami Antonia , Fragodimitri Christina , Karabatsos Fotis , Youssef Jacqueline , Karagiorga‐Lagana Markissia 
Published: May 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate whether the introduction of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the management of thalassemia major (TM) patients has affected the risk of cardiac death.Materials and Methods:In all, 804 TM patients from two large reference units were included and the risk of dying of cardiac causes, before and after their first MRI, was assessed by a Cox proportional hazards model with time‐dependent covariates.Results:Adding information from MRI reduced the risk of cardiac death from 6.0 deaths/1000 patient‐years to 3.9 deaths/1000 patient‐years (P = 0.22). The risk of cardiac death before having an MRI study was 82% higher compared to the risk observed after the first MRI.Conclusion:MRI has become a vital component of ongoing management and seems to have a beneficial effect on cardiac mortality in TM. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Area and shape changes of the carpal tunnel in response to tunnel pressure
Authors: Li Zong‐Ming , Masters Tamara L. , Mondello Tracy A. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCarpal tunnel mechanics is relevant to our understanding of median nerve compression in the tunnel. The compliant characteristics of the tunnel strongly influence its mechanical environment. We investigated the distensibility of the carpal tunnel in response to tunnel pressure. A custom balloon device was designed to apply controlled pressure. Tunnel cross sections were obtained using magnetic resonance imaging to derive the relationship between carpal tunnel pressure and morphological parameters at the hook of hamate. The results showed that the cross‐sectional area (CSA) at the level of the hook of hamate increased, on average, by 9.2% and 14.8% at 100 and 200 mmHg, respectively. The increased CSA was attained by a shape change of the cross section, displaying increased circularity. The increase in CSA was mainly attributable to the increase of area in the carpal arch region formed by the transverse carpal ligament. The narrowing of the carpal arch width was associated with an increase in the carpal arch. We concluded that the carpal tunnel is compliant to accommodate physiological variations of the carpal tunnel pressure, and that the increase in tunnel CSA is achieved by increasing the circularity of the cross section. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1951–1956, 2011
Surprising evidence of pelvic growth (widening) after skeletal maturity
Authors: Berger Alexander A. , May Ryan , Renner Jordan B. , Viradia Neal , Dahners Laurence E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractFollowing an increase in length and width during childhood and adolescence, skeletal growth is generally assumed to stop. This study investigates the influence of aging on the dimensions of the pelvis and the L4 lumbar vertebra during adulthood. The dimensions of the pelvis, L4 vertebra, and femoral heads were calculated for 246 patients who had received pelvic and abdominal Computed Tomography scans from the UNC Health Care System. Linear regression analysis determined the significance of relationships between age and width of the pelvis. There was a strong correlation between increasing patient age and increasing width of the pelvis at the trochanters, (0.333 mm/year of age p<0.0001), at the iliac wings, (0.371 mm/year of age p < 0.0002), and between the femoral heads, indicating that the bony pelvis widens over 20 mm between the ages of 20 and 80. The pelvic inlet did not enlarge over time while the distance between the hips and the femoral head diameter did significantly increase. The height of L4 did not increase over time, but the L4 width did increase. These correlations were seen in both genders. Surprisingly, our results suggest that the pelvis and L4 vertebra increase in width after skeletal maturity and cessation of longitudinal growth. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:1719–1723, 2011
The challenge of dating early pleistocene fossil teeth by the combined uranium series–electron spin resonance method: the Venta Micena palaeontological site (Orce, Spain)
Authors: Duval Mathieu , Falguères Christophe , Bahain Jean‐Jacques , Grün Rainer , Shao Qingfeng , Aubert Maxime , Hellstrom John , Dolo Jean‐Michel , Agusti Jordi , Martínez‐Navarro Bienvenido , Palmqvist Paul , Toro‐Moyano Isidro 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe palaeontological site of Venta Micena (Orce, Andalusia, Spain) lies in the eastern sector of the Guadix–Baza basin, one of the best documented areas in Europe for Plio‐Pleistocene biostratigraphy. The combination of biochronological and palaeomagnetic results, combined with the radiometric data obtained for Atapuerca Sima del Elefante, indicated that the Venta Micena stratum was formed between the Jaramillo and Olduvai palaeomagnetic events, most likely between 1.22 and 1.77 Ma. Five fossil teeth from two outcrops (sites A and B) were selected to assess the potential of combined uranium series–electron spin resonance (US‐ESR) dating of Early Pleistocene sites. Although the US‐ESR results of the first outcrop showed a large scatter between the three teeth, the mean age of 1.37 ± 0.24 Ma can be considered a reasonable age estimate for Venta Micena. The mean ESR age of 0.62 ± 0.03 Ma obtained for site B seems to be a severe underestimation when compared with the independent age control. This underestimation is attributed to a relative recent U‐mobilization event that led to some U‐leaching. The results show that any ESR age calculations of old samples are extremely sensitive to variations in the measured 230Th/234U ratios in dental tissues. Although the results demonstrate that ESR can in principle be applied to Early Pleistocene sites, they also reveal the complexity of dating such old teeth. It is necessary to continue research in several directions, such as study of the behaviour of ESR signals in old teeth and understanding recent U‐mobilization processes, to improve the reliability of the combined US‐ESR dating method applied to Early Pleistocene times, a period for which the number of available numerical dating techniques is very limited. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of an ionic liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid micro‐extraction method for the determination of phthalate esters in water samples
Authors: Sha Chen , Yi‐Sheng Zhong , Shui‐Yuan Cheng , Tian Qian , Hao Sun 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIonic liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid micro‐extraction (IL‐DLLME) was coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet (HPLC‐UV) for the determination of four phthalate esters, including butyl benzyl phthalate, di‐n‐butyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate and bis(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate in water samples. The mixture of ionic liquid (IL) and dispersive solvent was rapidly injected into 10 mL aqueous sample. Then, IL phase was separated by centrifugation and was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet. The factors influencing the extraction efficiency, such as type and volume of IL, disperse solvent, extraction time, centrifuging time and ionic strength, were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction recoveries by the proposed ionic liquid‐based dispersive liquid–liquid micro‐extraction for the four phthalates ranged from 83.0 to 91.7%. The relative standard deviations were between 7.8 and 15%. The limits of quantification for four phthalates were between 10.6 and 28.5 μg/L. The proposed method was successfully applied for the analysis of PAEs in tap, lake and treated wastewater samples.
Testing Heterogeneous Image in Cultural/Non‐cultural Tourism Markets: a Latent Model Approach
Authors: Sánchez‐Rivero Marcelino , Pulido‐Fernández Juan Ignacio 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTWe identify the latent variable ‘destination image’ to segment tourism demand based on the different types of behaviour generated by those images. We used simultaneous latent structure analysis, which also permits a comparison of the degree of homogeneity or heterogeneity of two or more tourist markets. After presenting the most significant methodological aspects of this technique, we describe its application to the data of a study of the behaviour of tourism demand of Andalusia to determine whether those tourists with a marked inclination for cultural tourism have a similar (homogeneous) image of this destination as do other tourists. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among adult survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China
Authors: Chan Cecilia Lai Wan , Wang Chong‐Wen , Qu Zhiyong , Lu Ben Qibin , Ran Mao‐Sheng , Ho Andy Hau Yan , Yuan Yin , Zhang Braven Qiang , Wang Xiying , Zhang Xiulan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis study examined the estimated prevalence rate of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and associated risk factors among Chinese adult survivors 7 to 8 months after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake. The sample was recruited from 2 areas close to the epicenter but of different distances. The estimated rate of PTSD symptoms was 55.6% and 26.4% respectively in the two areas. Loss of a child was a strong predictive factor for PTSD symptoms for the parents. Other predictive factors included female gender, loss of a parent, loss of friends or neighbors, residential house damage or collapse, and proximity to the epicenter. Effective and sustainable mental health services are needed and should be directed particularly to bereaved survivors.
A Comparative Study of Nonlinear Machine Learning for the “In Silico” Depiction of Tyrosinase Inhibitory Activity from Molecular Structure
Authors: Le‐Thi‐Thu Huong , Marrero‐Ponce Yovani , Casañola‐Martin Gerardo M. , Cardoso Gladys Casas , Chávez Maria del Carmen , Garcia María M. , Morell Carlos , Torrens Francisco , Abad Concepción 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the preset report, for the first time, support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), Bayesian networks (BNs), k‐nearest neighbor (k‐NN) are applied and compared on two “in‐house” datasets to describe the tyrosinase inhibitory activity from the molecular structure. The data set Data I is used for the identification of tyrosinase inhibitors (TIs) including 701 active and 728 inactive compounds. Data II consists of active chemicals for potency estimation of TIs. The 2D TOMOCOMD‐CARDD atom‐based quadratic indices are used as molecular descriptors. The derived models show rather encouraging results with the areas under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AURC) curve in the test set above 0.943 and 0.846 for the Data I and Data II, respectively. Multiple comparison tests are carried out to compare the performance of the models and reveal the improvement of machine learning (ML) techniques with respect to statistical ones (see Chemometr. Intell. Lab. Syst. 2010, 104, 249). In some cases, these ameliorations are statistically significant. The tests also demostrate that k‐NN, despite being a rather simple approach, presents the best behavior in both data. The obtained results suggest that the ML‐based models could help to improve the virtual screening procedures and the confluence of these different techniques can increase the practicality of data mining procedures of chemical databases for the discovery of novel TIs as possible depigmenting agents.