bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The dynamic leader revisited: 360‐degree assessments of leadership behaviours in different leadership situations
Authors: Manning Tony , Robertson Bob 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis article aims to describe recent research on leadership behaviour and how this relates to effective performance by those in leadership positions.Design/methodology/approachThis paper takes forward the work on “dynamic leadership” already undertaken by the authors and described in previous issues of Industrial and Commercial Training.FindingsThe findings summarized in the article provide confirmation for the contingency approach central to the dynamic leader concept. In this respect the dynamic leadership concept represents a challenge to visionary or transformative leadership.Originality/valueThis paper is of relevance to individuals in a range of management and leadership positions, as well as professionals involved in training, developing, coaching and mentoring activities with managers and leaders.
How green are HRM practices, organizational culture, learning and teamwork? A Brazilian study
Authors: Jose Chiappetta Jabbour Charbel 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe objective of this paper is to analyze the level of greening of HRM practices, organizational culture, learning, and teamwork in Brazilian companies.Design/methodology/approachThe author surveyed 94 Brazilian companies with ISO 14001 certification.FindingsContrasting the data, two important conclusions can be drawn. The first one is related to the importance of considering the alignment of the human resource practices systematically in order to put workers in control of environmental management. The second conclusion is about the little formalization of the inclusion of environmental issues in traditional human resource practices, which can later badly affect the good performance observed in the formation of teams, organizational culture, and learning resulting in a negative cycle.Originality/valueThe greening of HRM, organizational culture, learning and teamwork is an emerging topic for scholars and consultants.
Embedding collaboration through standards – part 1
Authors: Hawkins David , Little Bob 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to expand the debate around the catalysts required to develop, promote, implement and maintain effective collaborative practice.Design/methodology/approachA review of the benefits of business collaboration and partnering, with special reference to the world's first national standard, BS 11000, to address collaborative business relationships.FindingsCollaborative working is not simply about cutting cost. It offers an alternative and enhanced capability to build new value propositions beyond the capabilities of an individual organisation. The concept of the supply chain is giving way to the concept of a more holistic value chain, value networks and ecosystems. Amid all the changes, one factor remains constant: relationships are a core ingredient for successful business. Staying competitive requires organisations to look beyond their traditional structures and develop both the skills and the processes to meet today's business challenges. It is impractical to rely on individuals and osmosis to deliver collaborative working behaviours. Collaboration must be embedded in the governance and processes of the organisation and reinforced in every aspect of the business through policy, process and systems. The world's first national standard: BS 11000 (collaborative business relationship management) provides a consistent model around which organisations can build more sustainable relationships.Originality/valueThis paper explores the interdependence between operational practices and the behaviours that underpin performance and outcomes.
What drives training in industrial micro‐firms? Evidence from Greece
Authors: Panagiotakopoulos Antonios 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the determinants of training in micro enterprises in the context of Greece in order to understand what stimulates workplace training and learning interventions.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on interview evidence from 14 owners and nine workers of industrial micro enterprises.FindingsThe study reveals that training activities in industrial micro‐firms are significantly affected by the business strategy adopted by micro‐firms, the owner commitment towards employee training and development and the way work is organized.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research could be directed at investigating the variables affecting training provision in micro‐firms in the service sector in order to explore the differences that may exist between industrial and service micro‐firms.Practical implicationsThe paper argues that a key challenge for policy makers in this area is to facilitate changes in owner attitudes, as well as alter the current institutional framework in order to encourage micro firms to adopt higher value added strategies and consequently improve their training efforts.Originality/valueThe study brings new ideas around the determinants of company training in micro‐enterprises, where there is limited understanding.
Corporate governance and firm value as determinants of CEO compensation in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Shin‐Ping , Chen Hui‐Ju 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe main purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships among chief executive officer (CEO) compensation, ownership and firm value. In addition, the determining factors of CEO compensation are examined.Design/methodology/approachThis model is applied to data of the Taiwan stock market for 1995‐2004. The paper applies a two‐stage least squares regression for the panel data model and implements an F‐test, LM test and Hausman test to determine the best statistical method (that is, ordinary least squares method, fix effects model or random effects method).FindingsThe results offer some important insights that show CEO compensation, CEO ownership and firm value are interdependent. Firm size, board size, firm value, institution ownership and CEO ownership are positively associated with CEO compensation while firm age, research and development expenditure rates and firm risk are negatively associated with CEO compensation.Practical implicationsThe on‐going expansion in the scale of the firm depends on managers having specialized knowledge. In particular, managers are responsible for the firm's entire operational conditions and future investment strategy. Providing an incentive compensation package can reduce agency costs between managers and shareholders. These findings also provide Taiwanese listed companies with a lesson, which suggests that the existence of the monitoring system can reduce the need for incentive alignment.Originality/valueThe study relies on data from publicly traded Taiwan firms, covering a ten‐year period. This study uses a simultaneous equation estimation procedure to investigate the relations among CEO compensation, CEO ownership and firm value. Two proxies for effective monitoring – board size and institutional ownership – are used. The paper attempts to discuss the influence on CEO compensation from the existence of the monitoring system.
Adaptation of allocation of resources and attention in response to external shocks
Authors: Blettner Daniela P. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe basic assumption in strategic management is that consistently high performing companies are able to adapt effectively to external shocks. While adaptation of allocation of resources and its constraints have been investigated, it is important to also consider the allocation of attention. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the differences in the patterns in the allocation of resources and attention in a comparative case study with focus on Southwest Airlines. This study illustrates that the comparison of the patterns of allocation of resource and attention is very promising for the explanation of consistent superior performance.Design/methodology/approachThis paper analyzes Federal Aviation Administration and American Transport Association data in order to determine actual resource allocation. Moreover, textual analysis of annual reports serves as basis for examining the patterns of allocation of attention.FindingsThe results of this paper reveal a striking divergence of allocation of resources and attention (particularly attention to differentiation) for Southwest Airlines – the consistently high performing firm in the US airline industry.Research limitations/implicationsThe major limitation of the current study is the fact that it is a single industry study. It would be very interesting to replicate this study in other industries.Practical implicationsThis study shows the importance of allocation of attention for firm performance. This is particularly relevant for resource intensive industries such as the airline industry where organizational inertia makes it hard to move resources fast. Yet, attention appears to have a great potential for firm performance and can be changed more easily.Originality/valueDespite great interest in allocation of resources and attention in strategy research, authors rarely combine these two perspectives. Nadkarni and Barr present a notable exception. Yet, the latter authors focus on one specific aspect of adaptation of strategic actions, i.e. the timeliness of response. The present study takes a more comprehensive view of adaptation, e.g. the respective changes in slopes of adaptation.
Creating occupational groups using visual job classification
Authors: Stetz Thomas A. , Button Scott B. , Scott Dustin W. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the use of two innovative job analysis techniques. First, a graphic‐based approach is used to collect job classification data. Second, the results are presented in a graphical representation to decision makers. In addition, the paper examines two concepts, similarity and relatedness, often confused by subject matter experts (SMEs) and decision makers in the context of job classification.Design/methodology/approachA case study approach was used. Focus groups of SMEs used a graphic‐based tool to group jobs into occupational clusters based on the concepts of similarity and relatedness. To effectively communicate the results to organizational decision makers a graphic presentation technique was used.FindingsThe paper found that SMEs were highly engaged in the graphical approach. Decision makers were also intrigued by the graphical presentation. In addition, the paper found confusion between the concepts of similarity and relatedness throughout the process. This confusion had important implications for the grouping of jobs into occupational clusters.Practical implicationsThe graphic presentation of results highlighted issues around which the agency had been previously struggling. The approach allowed decision makers to examine and understand meaningful data and reach consensus on complex, multi‐faceted issues. The results also showed that people often confuse the similarity and relatedness of jobs, and that this confusion should be taken into consideration when communicating with non‐job analysts.Originality/valueJob analysis and classification has changed little over the past several decades. This paper applies innovative ideas to job classification which are equally applicable to job analysis offering interesting avenues for future research and practice.
Predicting long‐term business recovery four years after Hurricane Katrina
Authors: Dietch Elizabeth Ann , Corey Christy M. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis study is an empirical examination of the ongoing recovery efforts of surviving businesses in the greater New Orleans area four years after Hurricane Katrina. Factors thought to contribute to long‐term recovery were examined including internal factors (e.g. organizational size), population‐related issues (e.g. loss of customer base), and macro variables (e.g. neighborhood recovery). Problems with population issues were expected to be a primary cause of slow business recovery. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approachManagers from 186 businesses in the New Orleans area participated in the study by completing a survey. Eligible business needed to exist before Hurricane Katrina and still be operating at the time of data collection which occurred in Spring 2009.FindingsResults from analysis of variance indicated that managers from organizations performing worse compared to pre‐Katrina levels reported significantly greater problems across the internal, population‐related and macro variables. In regression analysis, only three factors within the population and macro variable areas were significant predictors of organizational performance. As expected, organizational performance was strongly predicted by population‐related issues, especially the loss of customers.Research limitations/implicationsOne limitation concerns the cross‐sectional design of the study which focused specifically on surviving businesses. The survivor bias in the data limits the generalizability of the results. Also, observations from businesses in the same neighborhood could be spatially dependent due to the systematic influence of external factors.Originality/valueThis study provides a rare investigation of long‐term business recovery, at the organizational level of analysis, in the wake of a disaster that resulted in one of the most extreme population dislocations in US history.
Relationship marketing and the management of corporate image in the bank‐SME relationship
Authors: Vegholm Fatima 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis study analyzes the nature of relationships between banks and small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) by drawing on the theory of relationship marketing (RM) and the concept of corporate image (CI). More specifically, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between a bank and its SME customers and to examine how the bank's management of customer relationships influences its CI.Design/methodology/approachA dyadic approach was adopted in this study. Hence, data were gathered via interviews with three bank managers employed in the same bank. An additional 17 interviews were performed with the case study bank's SME customers.FindingsThis study indicates that the bank's image will be dependent on the way the bankers manage the relationships with their SME customers. The ability of bankers to understand and meet the SMEs' specific needs highly influences their relationships, which subsequently affects the image of the bank as perceived by their SME customers. Hence, CI reflects the SMEs' overall perceptions of how well the bank has been able to manage the relationship.Originality/valueAlthough there is a clear theoretical and practical understanding of the importance of RM strategies within banking and the effect of CI on the performance of banks, few studies have taken into consideration the dynamic link between these two concepts and their effect on bank‐SME relationships.
Utility maximization? An expectancy view of entrepreneurial persistence
Authors: Holland Daniel V. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the use of expectancy and valence in the decision policies of entrepreneurs when choosing whether or not to persist with their current venture.Design/methodology/approachUsing a conjoint experiment design, 105 entrepreneurs made a series of decisions based on a common set of attributes. The decisions were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling to determine how the attributes were weighed in the decision policies.FindingsThe results indicate that entrepreneurs use expectancy and valences and interestingly, a negative interaction between expectancy and valences in their persistence decision policies.Practical implicationsAn understanding of how individuals make decisions may be of great value to entrepreneurs as they consider the decision to persist with a venture in the face of adversity.Originality/valuePrevious research has focused on the decision to start a business. This study adds to the literature by considering the important decision of whether to persist with a business or not. The results provide interesting insights into why and how entrepreneurs choose to persist and contributes to the literature on expectancy theory.
Anti‐consumption of public services: vacci(not)ion for Swine Flu
Authors: Demirbag Kaplan Melike , Cem Kaplan Yusuf 
Published: March 2011

PurposeAnti‐consumption is a new domain of research that deals with why individuals avoid consumption of particular products. To date, research in this area is only confined to the rejection of goods, with no evidence from the services industry. The purpose of this paper is to explore the extent of anti‐consumption behaviour for public health services, by deriving data from Swine Flu vaccination resistance in Turkey.Design/methodology/approachThe research employs a factor analysis method based on data collected from 519 individuals.FindingsFindings suggest that there is a strong anti‐consumption attitude of the Turkish public towards the service, and a major reason for avoidance was moral incompatibility, such that the public believed that the vaccination served the interests of pharmaceutical companies and the government. The findings also reveal that all the factors previously mentioned in the literature may be involved in the anti‐consumption of public health products.Originality/valueThis study suggests that public products, including public health services, are highly subject to anti‐consumption movements, and policies involving such products should also be considered from this perspective in order to provide an increased welfare for the public.
The power of blind spots. What companies don't know, surprises them. What they don't want to know, kills them
Authors: Gilad Benjamin 
Published: March 2011

PurposeManagement blindspots kill companies, even if management is smart and lucky. This paper is a case study of a market leader whose management failed to heed a strategic threat and choose a new strategic direction until it was too late. This piece suggests a conceptual approach to creating a strategic early warning process that may be capable of overcoming top executives' blinders.Design/methodology/approachThe method of research is a detailed case study, combined with a conceptual framework addressing issues of board involvement, managerial span of control and confronting change.FindingsTraditional mechanisms aimed at early warning fail to address blindspots regarding deep strategic threats to the organization's survival. Strategic fissures in the basic business model can be ignored for a while, and delaying tactics such as diversification can hold off the collapse of the model for years, but eventually, it will kill the organization. Companies need to re‐think their approach to early warning.Practical implicationsReplace traditional early warning processes with a more powerful early warning tool involving selected board members, an early warning team, and a process initiated at a threshold. That may be the only way to overcome top executives' denial mechanisms.Social implicationsBoards should be careful not to interfere with management, but also not to allow “blinders” to kill the organization. Boards can take a more positive and forceful role in debating early warning signs.Originality/valueManagement blindspots in addressing serious strategic threats to a company's business model are a major cause of failure. This paper suggests a mechanism to fighting management blindspots, calling for the first time on Boards to get “down and dirty” with middle management and top executives in a unique way aimed at creating a powerful strategic early warning process.
Interview with Jessica Pryce‐Jones, CEO of iOpener
Authors: by Juliet Norton Interview 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide an interview with Jessica Pryce Jones, CEO of iOpener, a human asset management consultancy, who look at raising productivity through the Science of Happiness at Work.Design/methodology/approachThis briefing is prepared by an independent interviewerFindingsJessica Pryce‐Jones founded iOpener to help people to recognise and extend their capabilities. She believes that everyone has the ability to do more: the secret lies in inner momentum and formulating practical solutions.Practical implicationsProvides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations.Social implicationsProvides strategic insights and practical thinking that can have a broader social impact.Originality/valueJessica Pryce‐Jones discusses how to drive change in your organization by looking at performance through the lens of happiness at work
Real‐time pressure mapping system
Authors: Bloss Richard 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review an innovative approach to pressure mapping.Design/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a detailed dialog with developer and supplier, Sensor Products, and review of numerous applications of the technology.FindingsReal‐time pressure mapping adds an entirely new solution to applications where single‐point pressure measurement does not provide the information required.Practical implicationsResearchers and product developers now have available a technology which provides information not previously available in real time. Point pressure measurement is a well‐established technology. Sensor Products moves pressure measurement light years ahead by bringing real‐time pressure mapping technology to the market with its Tactilis® system. The system offers an “electronic skin” which captures records and interprets both pressure distribution and magnitude over the sensor field.Originality/valueResearchers will learn of an innovative sensor technology, which may solve problems they have had no answer for in the past.
Sensors for interfacing with consumer electronics
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe paper aims to describe the sensors used for interfacing with consumer electronic devices.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the types of sensors employed in user‐interface devices such as trackballs, mice, touch pads, touch screens and gesture‐based systems. It concludes with a brief consideration of brain‐computer interface technology.FindingsIt is shown that a diverse range of sensors is used to interface with consumer electronics. They are based on optical, electrical, acoustic and solid‐state (MEMS) technologies. In the longer term, many may ultimately be replaced by sensors that interpret thought by detecting brain waves.Originality/valueThe paper provides a timely review of the sensors used to interface with consumer electronics. These constitute a very large and rapidly growing market.