bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Médecins du travail et travailleurs immigrés dans le Bâtiment en France (1946-1975)
Authors: Martini Manuela 
Published: May 2010

RÉSUMÉ Confrontés à des effectifs d’immigrés en forte croissance pendant les Trente Glorieuses, les médecins du travail du Bâtiment s’interrogent dès la fin des années 1950 sur les risques et les problèmes spécifiques en termes de santé posés par la présence, sur les chantiers, de ces immigrés. Ces préoccupations s’inscrivent dans un ensemble plus vaste de priorités professionnelles et déontologiques qui ont orienté la réflexion de ces médecins vers la dimension sociale de la pratique médicale, en les distinguant dans le paysage de la médecine du travail de l’après-Seconde Guerre mondiale. Grâce à la mise en place précoce de grandes enquêtes nationales exploitées avec des traitements informatisés à partir du début des années 1970, les médecins du BTP peuvent donner des réponses libres de toute posture racialiste aux questions sur les spécificités de la santé au travail des immigrés. Modes de vie, alimentation, postes de travail, pénibilité des tâches prennent désormais toute leur place dans les études médicales sur les accidents, l’inaptitude ou les maladies professionnelles des travailleurs migrants.
Le Sommeil de la Raison
Authors: Higonnet Patrice 
Published: May 2010

Résumé La terreur de l’An II n’était pas dans l’aboutissement du jacobinisme mais dans son échec. C’est par le poids de ses contradictions entre surtout une citoyenneté universaliste et la défense de la propriété, comme l’avait compris le jeune Marx, mais aussi entre le nationalisme et l’internationalisme, entre un roi des français et une République française, entre le féminisme et l’anti-féminisme, entre une économie de marché et une économie dirigée, entre un état de droit et la mise en marche de « mesures extrêmes », que le jacobinisme sombra dans une incohérence que les Jacobins tentèrent – vainement – de résoudre par la force d’abord, par la terreur ensuite.
Le dernier mot du Pantagruel : Rabelais à Maupertuis
Authors: Menini Romain 
Published: May 2010

L’article se donne pour but de relire à nouveaux frais les dernières lignes de l’ultime chapitre du Pantagruel , significativement amplifié dans l’édition François Juste de 1534. Lamention finale — et quelque peu sibylline — de « gens qui regardent par un partuys », dontle lecteur aurait à se méfier sur les conseils de « l’auteur », retient l’attention d’un développement qui sonde les occurrences du mot pertuis-partuis dans le premier volet de la chronique rabelaisienne. Plusieurs rapprochements intra- et intertextuels (le Roman de Renart ,Lucien de Samosate) tentent d’éclairer ces ultima verba ayant défié la sagacité des éditeurs etcommentateurs successifs du texte.
A rebours
Authors: Pasco Allan H. 
Published: May 2010

Depuis la parution d’ À rebours , le roman décadent de J.-K. Huysmans, on critique sa« confusion, » ce qui attire l’attention sur son intrigue fautive. Si on lit cependant le romanavec Valéry selon la signification traditionnelle des symboles et avec Condillac d’après sathéorie bien connue des sensations, un cadre analogique paraît qui fait voir la progression dedéchéance physique, mentale et spirituelle de des Esseintes. Puisque Huysmans s’étouffaitaux confins du roman traditionnel, il a tâché dans cette création et d’autres de refaire le romancomme Mallarmé a refait la poésie.
Architecture et patrimoine à Erevan
Authors: Ter Minassian Taline 
Published: May 2010

Quel sens donner à la notion de patrimoine dans la capitale arménienne ? Elle estgrandement associée au style néo-arménien en architecture, qui fleurit sous lapériode soviétique, et dont l’article présente la genèse, la célébration passée et lavalorisation présente. Le plan d’urbanisme de 1924 pose les bases d’une modernitéenracinée dans un passé national glorifié. L’article étudie ensuite l’évolution de lacapitale post-soviétique depuis l’indépendance, entre privatisation, spéculation,rénovation, « décommunisation » : l’architecture néo-arménienne apparaît commevalorisée sur le marché résidentiel.
La « crise invisible » des architectes dans les Trente Glorieuses
Authors: Raynaud Dominique 
Published: May 2010

La crise de la profession d’architecte est souvent expliquée par l’impact desdeux chocs pétroliers sur le secteur du bâtiment. Plusieurs années de croissancecontraignent à modifier ce diagnostic. En dépit des récents records affichés par leBâtiment, les architectes disent toujours exercer une « profession sinistrée », ce quine peut plus être le signe d’une crise économique. Les deux hypothèses concurrentes, crise économique vs . crise de légitimité, sont testées sur la période prospèredes Trente Glorieuses. Tous les signes de la crise actuelle sont déjà présents dansles témoignages d’architectes de ces années-là, qui décrivent les conséquencesnéfastes de la pénétration sur le marché des bureaux d’études et des revendications d’indépendance d’un nombre croissant d’acteurs.
Fighting cybercrime in the two Europes.
Authors: De Hert Paul , González Fuster Gloria , Koops Bert-Jaap 
Published: May 2010

Le Conseil de l'Europe a adopté sa Convention sur la cybercriminalité en 2001. Quatre ans après, la Décision-cadre 2005/222/JAI du Conseil, du 24 février 2005, relative aux attaques visant les systèmes d'information a vu le jour. Quelle est la valeur supplémentaire de ce texte ? Comment devrait-il être jugé dans le contexte de l'UE et le combat global contre les infractions informatiques? Cet article examine la question de la perspective d'une série de formes concrètes liées aux mauvais comportements (interférence de données et de systèmes, Spam, spyware, vol d'identité) et de questions procédurales (problèmes multi-loci, rétention des données), en mettant une particulière attention sur le potentiel légal des deux textes européens comme réponse aux menaces des infractions informatiques.
L'apprentissage compagnonnique aujourd'hui entre résistance à la forme scolaire et transmission du « métier »
Authors: Palheta Ugo 
Published: May 2010

Résumé La persistance d'une forme compagnonnique d'apprentissage professionnel est un fait méconnu, et la tentation est grande de la réduire à une simple survivance d'un mode de production révolu. Cet article est au contraire consacré à mettre en évidence ses conditions de possibilité et ses logiques propres. L'apprentissage compagnonnique s'appuie d'abord sur la persistance de la petite production marchande en France, notamment dans le secteur du bâtiment. Il apparaît ensuite comme une résistance à la domination de la « forme scolaire » sur la transmission des savoirs et à l'emprise de la figure du technicien sur la formation des identités professionnelles. Il constitue enfin, pour des jeunes généralement en rupture avec le système d'enseignement, une stratégie élaborée pour faire face non seulement aux contradictions de la « démocratisation scolaire » mais aussi à la précarisation des ouvriers ­ et notamment des jeunes ­ sur le marché du travail.
Manganese behavior in the sediments of diverse Scottish freshwater lochs
Authors: Bryant C. L. , Farmer J. G. , MacKenzie A. B. , Bailey‐Watts A. E. , Kirika A. 
Published: May 2010

Mn concentrations were determined in sediments and pore waters of five freshwater lochs in Scotland. The aim was to establish whether the geochemical behavior of Mn differed in a range of limnological conditions: oligotrophic/mesotrophic Loch Lomond; eutrophic unstratified Loch Leven; seasonally stratified eutrophic Balgavies Loch; oligotrophic, acidified Round Loch of Glenhead; and oligotrophic, acid‐sensitive Loch Coire nan Arr.Although redox‐driven diagenesis of Mn was evident in all lochs, the diversity of conditions in the lochs resulted in some cases in modifications to behavior predicted by conceptual models for transport of Mn at a redox boundary. These differences were reflected in the chemical associations and trends in concentration of Mn. A classic example of Mn redox cycling in the sediments of Loch Lomond provided a basis for comparison with other systems. Higher inventories of Mn in sediment collected from eutrophic Loch Leven during the summer, compared with sediment from autunm and winter sampling, were explained by the effects of enhanced primary productivity (high pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations) during a summer algal bloom. In Balgavies Loch, where the bottom water was hypoxic, at the time of sampling, previous diagenetic enrichment of Mn in the surface sediment was subject to modification by dissolution and release from the solid phase to pore water, which was elevated in Mn. The increase in solid‐phase Mn concentration with depth and lack of significant surface enhancement of Mn in Round Loch contrasted markedly with results from other lochs. This was attributed mainly to acidification, producing a pH‐related decrease in Mn sedimentation. Mn partitioning and porewater data for Loch Coire nan Arr were in some respects similar to those at Round Loch, with both lochs having peaty sediment. However, Mn concentration patterns attributed to acidification effects at Round Loch were not found in Loch Coire nan Arr.
Growth‐compensating phenomena in continuous cultures of Dunaliella tertiolecta limited simultaneously by light and nitrate
Authors: Sciandra Antoine , Gostan Jacques , Collos Yves , Descolas‐Gros Chantal , Leboulanger Christophe , Martin‐Jézéquel Véronique , Denis Michel , Lefèvre Dominique , Copin‐Montégut Claire , Avril Bernard 
Published: May 2010

Two nitrogen‐limited continuous cultures of Dunaliella tertiolecta were grown on light/dark cycles. One was submitted to limiting photon flux density (PFD) and the other to nonlimiting PFD. The growth rate was identical in the two cultures despite the difference in the PFD conditions. Once equilibria were reached both cultures, the PFD were reversed to simulate a decrease and an increase in light conditions. A large suite of variables was measured to characterize the response of the cells, mainly through the interactions of carbon and nitrogen assimilation pathways. A decrease in irradiance led to a rapid decrease in algal biovolume; the biovolume‐based growth rate (µ) descended to levels lower than those estimated for cells of the light‐limited culture. An increase in irradiance rapidly led to an increase in µ, which attained values greater than those observed in high‐light cells of the other culture before the shift. For the two cultures before and after the shift, cell carbon and cell volume were strongly correlated, showing the same pattern of diel variations.The specific C fixation rates (µC) of the two cultures before and after the light shift declined significantly during the light periods. Before the light shift, µC was paradoxically higher in the low light culture and could not be predicted only from the light levels. This suggests that some compensatory phenomena may occur during light and nitrogen limitations. Time variations of cell Chl a due to photoacclimation in both cultures were correlated with their N status. Similarly, the regulation of carboxylase activities (Rubisco) by the light levels was sensitive to the degree of N limitation. We found that nitrogen limitation has an overriding effect compared to light for the regulation of cell volume, C fixation and respiration rates, Chl a synthesis, electron transport system, and Rubisco activities. In cultures subjected to low irradiance, NO3− uptake rate decreased several hours into the dark phase, suggesting a time lag between the end of photosynthate production and the exhaustion of compounds necessary for dissolved inorganic nitrogen assimilation. The implications of these results concerning phytoplankton growth modeling in a variable environment are important because there are no existing models that correctly integrate the simultaneous effects of light and nitrogen on primary production. It is shown that the effects of these limitations were not additive in the range of light and N limitations tested in this experiment.
Hydrogen Bonding Induced Supramolecular Self‐Assembly of Linear Doubly Discotic Triad Supermolecules
Authors: Miao Jianjun , Zhu Lei 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA series of linear doubly discotic triad supermolecules based on a porphyrin (P) core and two triphenylene (Tp) arms linked by amide bonds are synthesized. The samples are denoted as P(Tp)2. Hydrogen bonding along the P stacks is the primary driving force for the supramolecular self‐assembly of P(Tp)2 triad supermolecules. Meanwhile, the degree of coupling between P and Tp disks also plays an important role. For samples with the spacer lengths longer than or similar to the alkyl chain lengths in the Tp arms, P and Tp are decoupled to a large degree. This decoupling result in non‐uniform tilt angles for P and Tp disks along both the a‐ and c‐axes. Therefore, large unit cells are observed with eight P(Tp)2 supermolecules per cell. For a sample with the spacer length much shorter than the alkyl chains in the Tp arms, P and Tp are strongly coupled. Therefore, both P and Tp have uniform tilt angles along the a‐ and c‐axes. A small unit cell is obtained with only one P(Tp)2 supermolecule per cell.
A comparison of simultaneous versus sequential presentation of novel foods in the treatment of food selectivity
Authors: VanDalen Kate H. , Penrod Becky 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe present study extended the literature on feeding disorders by conducting a comparison of sequential and simultaneous food presentation in the treatment of food selectivity. In the simultaneous condition, a highly preferred food was presented in the same bite with a non‐preferred food (NPF), and during the sequential condition, a highly preferred food was delivered as a consequence for acceptance and consumption of NPFs. Generalization and maintenance of food consumption was assessed. Although results for two participants indicated that both presentation methods produced an increase in acceptance and consumption of NPFs when combined with an escape extinction procedure, anecdotal observations suggested that participants may have had a preference for eating foods in a sequential fashion. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Selective determination of human immunoglobulin G by flow‐injection chemiluminescence
Authors: Zhou Min , Wang Jiuchun , Ma Yongjun , Fang Yanjun , Chen Junhui , Chen Hui 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA novel flow‐injection chemiluminescence method was developed for the selective determination of human immunoglobulin G (IgG) in the presence of thiomersal by changing the flow rates of peristaltic pump. The study was based on the independence and additivity of the CL signals of human IgG and thiomersal in the galangin–potassium permanganate–polyphosphoric acid system. In meantime, two equations relating to the concentrations of mixing solutions of human IgG and thiomersal vs the CL intensity were established and solved, on the basis of which the content of thiomersal included in samples was simultaneously determined too. The enhanced CL intensity was in proportion to concerntrations in the range 8.0 × 10−7 to 8.0 × 10−5 g/mL for human IgG and 1.0 × 10−7 to 2.0 × 10−6 g/mL for thiomersal with the detection limits of 5.0 × 10−7 g/mL for human IgG and 6.0 × 10−8 g/mL for thiomersal, respectively. The relative standard deviation for 1.0 × 10−5 g/mL human IgG was 0.8% and for 2.0 × 10−7 g/mL thiomersal it was 2.0% (n = 10). The proposed method was applied to determine three synthetic samples with recoveries of 91.5–109.5%. In addition, the possible chemiluminescence mechanisms are discussed as well. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zinc(II)‐selective ratiometric fluorescent probe based on perylene bisimide derivative
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Sun Juanjuan , Shi Zhiqiang , Pan Cuicui , Xu Maoyou 
Published: May 2010

AbstractA fluorescent probe of N,N′‐biscyclohexyl‐1,7‐di(3‐pyridoxy)‐perylene‐3,4:9,10‐tetracarboxylic acid diimide has been synthesized, and exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity for Zn2+ over other competing biological cations. The Zn2+‐selective fluorescence blue‐shift and enhancing property in conjunction with a visible colorimetric change from orange to green could be observed. With favorable photophysical properties in the visible region, the perylene bisimide derivatives remarkably improved the performance of the probe. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, characterization and luminescent properties of lanthanide complexes with an unsymmetrical tripodal ligand
Authors: Yan Zhen‐Zhong , Dai Guo‐Liang , Liang Hua‐Ding , Lin Yong‐Qiang 
Published: May 2010

AbstractSolid complexes of lanthanide nitrates with an novel unsymmetrical tripodal ligand, butyl‐N,N‐bis[(2′‐benzylaminofomyl)phenoxyl)ethyl]‐amine (L) have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra and molar conductivity measurements. At the same time, the luminescent properties of the Sm(III), Eu(III), Tb(III) and Dy(III) nitrate complexes in solid state were also investigated. Under the excitation of UV light, these complexes exhibited characteristic emission of central metal ions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Right hepatectomy by the anterior method with liver hanging versus conventional approach for large hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Wu T-J , Wang F , Lin Y-S , Chan K-M , Yu M-C , Lee W-C 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
The aim was to compare short-term results of right hepatectomy using the anterior approach (AA) and liver hanging manoeuvre with the conventional approach (CA) for large hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods
This was a retrospective review of 71 consecutive patients with HCC at least 5 cm in diameter who underwent curative right hepatectomy using either the AA with the liver hanging manoeuvre (33) or the CA (38) between January 2004 and December 2008. Clinical data, operative results and survival outcomes were analysed.

Results
The groups had similar clinical, laboratory and pathological parameters. The AA group had larger tumours than the CA group (P = 0·039), but comparable grade and stage distribution. The operative results were similar except for an increased blood transfusion requirement with the conventional procedure (P = 0·001). The AA group had a lower recurrence rate (P = 0·003) and better disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0·001) than the CA group, but overall survival rates were not significantly different (P = 0·091). Presence of tumour encapsulation, absence of tumour microvascular invasion and AA were predictive of DFS, whereas tumour stage was the only independent predictor of overall survival.

Conclusion
The AA right hepatectomy with liver hanging manoeuvre for large HCC is associated with reduced blood transfusion requirement and lower recurrence rates in the short term.
Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic versus open left colonic resection
Authors: Braga M , Frasson M , Zuliani W , Vignali A , Pecorelli N , Di Carlo V 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
The main aim of this study was to compare short-term results and long-term outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic versus open left colonic resection.

Methods
Between February 2000 and December 2004, all adult patients undergoing elective left colonic resection were assessed for eligibility to the study. The protocol for postoperative care was the same in both groups. Cost–benefit analysis was based on hospital costs. Quality of life, long-term morbidity and 5-year survival were also evaluated.

Results
Some 268 patients undergoing left colonic resection were assigned randomly to the laparoscopic (n = 134) or open (n = 134) approach. The short-term morbidity rate was 20·1 per cent in the open group and 11·9 per cent in the laparoscopic group (P = 0·094). Hospital stay was longer in the open group (8·7 versus 7·0 days for the laparoscopic approach; P = 0·002). Cost–benefit analysis showed an additional cost of €66 per patient randomly allocated to the laparoscopic group. Quality of life was significantly improved in the laparoscopic group 6 months after surgery, but no difference was found subsequently. The long-term morbidity rate was 11·9 per cent in the open group and 7·5 per cent in the laparoscopic group (P = 0·413). The 5-year survival rate of patients with cancer was 66 and 72 per cent for open and laparoscopic groups respectively (P = 0·321).

Conclusion
Laparoscopic left colonic resection resulted in an earlier recovery after surgery. As cost–benefit analysis and long-term follow-up showed similar results, the laparoscopic approach should be preferred to open surgery. Registration number: NCT00894725 (http://clinicaltrials.gov).
Measuring performance in clinical breast examination
Authors: Wishart G C , Warwick J , Pitsinis V , Duffy S , Britton P D 
Published: May 2010

Abstract

Background
Clinical breast examination (CBE) remains an essential part of triple assessment of breast lumps, but to date there are no performance measures for clinicians using this technique. The aim of this retrospective audit was to compare the performance and accuracy of CBE to identify key indicators that could be used to monitor performance prospectively.

Methods
Clinical examination findings (E1, normal, to E5, malignant) for 16 585 patients who had CBE as part of triple assessment were obtained from electronic medical records. The performance of CBE, by age group, mammographic density and clinician, was assessed by calculating the sensitivity, specificity and area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
There was marked variation in sensitivity between clinicians (range 44·6–65·9 per cent). There was a strong downward trend in the percentage classified as E5 as sensitivity for breast cancer detection decreased, and a corresponding strong downward trend in the proportion of E4 and E5 cancers classified as E5. Both of these measures could be used as indicators to monitor CBE performance.

Conclusion
The performance measures outlined here could help to identify clinicians who have a lower sensitivity for CBE and who may therefore require feedback and further training.
Judging intoxication
Authors: Rubenzer Steve 
Published: May 2010

AbstractJudgments of whether a person is intoxicated by alcohol are important in a number of civil and law enforcement settings. This paper reviews how well people are able to make such judgments, the evidence for individual signs of intoxication, several structured rating techniques, and the use of sobriety tests. It is concluded that observers relying on common‐sense clues of intoxication have limited ability to assess the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels of strangers, particularly below .10%. This generalization holds across professions that might be expected to show greater accuracy. Structured assessment instruments based on observable signs have shown promise but are confounded by the wide variations between casual social drinkers and those that have obtained a high level of tolerance. Among sobriety tests, only NHTSA's Standardized Field Sobriety Tests (SFSTs) have substantial, but seriously flawed, research support. Assessing the sobriety of strangers in the low to moderate BAC ranges without resort to chemical tests remains a daunting task. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.