bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apricot oil extract as a topical chemopreventive agent in induced tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Tarek Heba E. , Shalash Heba N. , Ellithy Marwa M. 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
The tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is considered one of the primary causes of death worldwide. Despite the presence of different therapeutic modalities, scientists always search for natural products that have an anticancer effect. Apricot oil extract has anticancerous effect, but its use is limited due to its toxic systemic effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anticancer effect of apricot oil extract locally applied on induced TSCC.

Material and methods
Thirty rats were divided into three groups, group I was the control group, group II received 7, 12 Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) topically and group III received apricot oil extract alternative with Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene topically. After killing the rats, tongues were dissected and were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical assessment.

Results
Group II developed TSCC with features of malignancy while group III showed hyperplastic epithelium which was dysplastic and started invasion in few cases. Immunohistochemically, group II showed a strong positive expression of Ki-67 and matrix mettaloprotinase 9 compared with group III. Statistical analysis showed that group II was significantly the highest in Ki-67 and matrix mettaloprotinase 9 expression.

Conclusions
From the results obtained, we can conclude that apricot oil has potent anticarcinogenic effect and that using it topically may be an alternative to systemic use.
Mass spectrometry for screening of metabolic disorders
Authors: Nazim Walaa S. , Fateen Ekram M. , Gouda Amr S. , Radwan Amira M. , Al-sharkawi Mostafa I. , Elbaz Azza F. 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) are a group of congenital disorders that result from deficiency of enzymes or transporters involved in different metabolic pathways in the human body. The most severe form of these disorders appears early in the neonatal period; however, most types of IEMs are responsive to treatment if started early enough before the appearance of serious complications. The introduction of mass spectrometric techniques for analysis of metabolites accumulated in IEM facilitates the early diagnosis through enabling analysis of a large number of samples in a short period of time using small sample sizes suitable for patients in the neonatal period. The aim of this study was to find out the prevalence of amino acids, fatty acids, and organic acids disorders, using mass spectrometry among Egyptian children with metabolic disorders who were referred to the Biochemical Genetics Lab, Human Genetics, and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt, over a period of 9 years.

Patients and methods
The present study enrolled 9245 children who visited Biochemical Genetics Department, Human Genetics, and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre Cairo, Egypt, during the period from 2013 to 2021. All children were subjected to quantitative analysis of amino acids and acylcarnitine profiles in blood, using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, whereas qualitative analysis of organic acids was done in urine by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.

Results
Of 9245 suspected patients, 552 (5.97%) patients were diagnosed with 13 different types of IEM. A total of 383 (4.1%) patients were diagnosed with aminoacidopathies, 167 (1.8%) patients were diagnosed with organic acidurias, and two (0.02%) patients were diagnosed with fatty acid oxidation disorders. Phenylketonuria is the most prevalent IEM of this study (2%) followed by maple syrup urine disease (0.98%).

Conclusion
The simultaneous analysis of amino acids and acylcarnitines in dried blood spots with analysis of organic acids in urine using mass spectrometry provides an integrated panel for the early detection of IEMs in early years of life, facilitating prompt provision of treatment and avoiding serious complications that can be fatal.
Impact of cooled hemodialysis for preservation of residual kidney function among Egyptian patients
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed E. , El Shahawy El Metwally L. , Yonis Dina A. , Hassan Saddam A.A. 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
Emerging evidence on lowering dialysate temperature suggests a cardiorenal protective effect of dialysate cooling (CD) against dialysis-induced ischemia in hemodialysis (HD) patients prone to intradialytic hypotension (IDH). Whether this benefit of CD could be extended to incident HD populations without baseline IDH to preserve residual kidney function (RKF) is unknown.

Patients and methods
One hundred incident HD patients were randomly assigned to receive either incremental CD less than or equal to 36°C (intervention, N=50 patients) or standard-temperature (ST) dialysate (control, N=50 patients) for 12 months. The primary endpoint was to test the safety and efficacy of CD to preserve RKF.

Results
By the end of 12 months, CD patients showed less decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate compared with standard-temperature patients (6.2 vs. 4.6 ml/min/1.73 m2, P=0.025); in addition, Cox regression analysis showed that CD was an independent variable for the preservation of RKF (P=0.044, hazard ratio: 0.478, confidence interval: 0.23–0.89). CD was well tolerated, with less fatigue and IDH; however, coldness, shivering, and discomfort were significantly higher in the CD group.

Conclusion
In incident HD patients without baseline IDH, cooled dialysis might help preserve RKF with a reasonable safety profile. Further studies are warranted to explore these findings.
Assessment of serum adropin level in type 2 diabetic patients with or without nephropathy
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed E. , El-Din Dalia N. , Alkot Ahmad M.F. , Mansour Ahmed E. , Amer Hasan G.A. 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
Diabetes predisposes the affected individual to long-term macrovascular and microvascular complications. Renal complications represent a major turning point in the life of people with diabetes. Adropin is a peptide primarily secreted by the liver and brain. It is encoded by the Energy Homeostasis Associated gene (Enho). Adropin main function is to prevent insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance. This study aimed to assess the serum adropin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Patients and methods
This case–control study was conducted on 50 diabetic patients from Inpatient and Outpatient Clinics of Internal Medicine Department, Benha University Hospitals, Egypt, in addition to 25 apparently healthy controls. Upon their informed consent, and after complete history taking and full clinical examination, blood samples were taken for biochemical analysis and serum adropin level measurement. Adropin was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Fasting and 2-h postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, blood urea, serum creatinine, and glomerular filtration rate were done.

Results
This study demonstrated that adropin shows significant reduction in the diabetic group when compared with the control group and also exhibits significant decline in the DN group when compared with the diabetic group. There was a significant negative correlation between adropin and T2DM duration as well as with glycated hemoglobin (r=−0.552 and −0.467, and P=0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between adropin and estimated glomerular filtration rate (r=0.358 and P=0.002).

Conclusion
Adropin is significantly reduced in T2DM when compared with normal participants, and the reduction of adropin is correlated with the deterioration in kidney functions manifested by the reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate. These findings suggested that the reduction of serum adropin may play a role in the pathogenesis of T2DM and DN.
Transrectal versus transabdominal ultrasound-guided embryo transfer in obese poor responders
Authors: Salama Sameh , Rasheed Mazen A. , El-Nahhas Kareem , Salama Ehab 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
Ultrasound guidance affects the success rate of the embryo transfer (ET), which is considered the most crucial step in the intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycle. In our study, we tried to evaluate the role of transrectal ultrasound during ET in obese poor responder women.

Patients and methods
This pilot study was carried out on 70 women having intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. They were divided into two groups: group 1, women who had a transrectal ultrasound during ET (n=31), and group 2, women who had a transabdominal ultrasound during ET (n=39). Our primary outcome was proper visualization of the endometrium and catheter tip during ultrasound-guided ET, whereas the secondary outcomes were chemical and clinical pregnancies.

Results
The endometrial thickness was clearly visualized in 30 (96.77%) women of group 1 and in 17 (43.59%) women of group 2, whereas the catheter tip was clearly visualized in 25 (80.64%) women of group 1 and in seven (17.95%) women of group 2, with P values less than 0.001. In addition, the implantation, chemical pregnancy, and clinical pregnancy rates in group 1 were almost double those in group 2.

Conclusion
ET under transrectal ultrasound guidance may emphasize a better-quality image, resulting in improved pregnancy and implantation rates.
Expression of mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor in estrogen receptor-negative breast carcinoma
Authors: Abouelfadl Dalia M. , Yassen Noha N. , Shabana Marwa E. , Abdelal Heba A. , Amin Hebat Allah A. 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
Breast carcinoma is a worldwide, heterogeneous disease that affects even the young patient population. The receptor tyrosine kinase mesenchymal–epithelial transition factor (c-Met) is suggested to be associated with reduced survival in cases of breast cancer. Few studies have specifically addressed the association between the c-Met and molecular subtype of breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the c-Met expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancers with different subtypes and its relation to the standard prognostic indicators.

Patients and methods
We examined the expression of c-Met in triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 enriched (i.e. ER-negative) breast cancers. Sixty formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded breast cancer surgical specimens were studied by immunohistochemistry. Prognostic indicators were analyzed with Cox models adjusted for clinical and pathological factors.

Results
Sixty-nine percent of cases were positive for Met. The reported mean Remmele score was 7.80±4.32. A significant positive correlation was observed between the tumor type, nodal status, multicentricity, and ductal carcinoma in situ (P<0.05). However, correlation with the Remmele score was borderline as regards the grade (P=0.065) and lymphovascular invasion (P=0.059).

Conclusions
Most of ER-negative breast carcinomas showed median to maximum Met expression and were associated with worse prognostic factors. So it can be used as a prognostic marker.
Masticatory performance and patient satisfaction of metal-reinforced and CAD/CAM-fabricated acrylic resin mandibular complete dentures
Authors: El Naggar Shady M. , Maged Abdelrahman , Elawady Ayman F. , Mahmoud Tarek AbdAllah 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
The masticatory problem of removable complete dentures had been introduced by many researchers to be assisted by many recent technologies. Solving such issues advances self-patient satisfaction, confidence, and motivation. This study aimed to evaluate masticatory performance and patient satisfaction of metal-reinforced and CAD/CAM-fabricated acrylic resin mandibular complete dentures.

Patients and methods
Sixteen completely edentulous patients were divided randomly following a 1 : 1 allocation ratio into two groups; group I received maxillary and mandibular complete dentures constructed from acrylic resin reinforced with chrome cobalt framework and group II received maxillary and mandibular rapid prototype complete dentures (3D-printed) using the CAD/CAM technique. At baseline, 2, and 4 weeks, masticatory performance using the masticatory efficiency index and patient satisfaction using Borerrigter’s method of assessing patient satisfaction were evaluated at each interval for further statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance test followed by Tukey’s post-hoc test for multiple comparisons and Pearson’s correlation coefficient between different variables.

Results
Regarding masticatory performance for each group, one-way analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between different intervals as a P value less than 0.05 with higher masticatory values for group II, while for patient satisfaction, it showed an insignificant difference for all satisfaction domains as a P value more than 0.05. The correlation between masticatory performance and overall patient satisfaction was calculated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and revealed a moderate to strong, positive, significant correlation in both groups.

Conclusion
The masticatory performance and patient satisfaction of mandibular complete dentures constructed by the 3D-printed CAD/CAM method were higher than acrylic resin denture bases reinforced with chrome cobalt framework, denoting that the 3D-printed CAD/CAM method can be the primary clinical treatment option for completely edentulous patients despite its overall level of satisfaction, which requires additional follow-up investigations to pronounce the positive effect of CAD/CAM dentures.
Assessment of serum fetuin-A and its gene polymorphism as a marker of insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Ali Ashraf , Zaki Hanan H. , Herzalla Mohamed R. , Zaki Ahmed H. , Hussein Jihan S. , Aly Omnia , Hafez Mohamed M. 
Published: May 2024

Background/aim
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine condition affecting 5–10% of reproductive-aged women, the cause of which is unknown. Chronic anovulation, polycystic ovaries, and hyperandrogenism are symptoms of PCOS. It is linked to hirsutism, obesity, and increased probability of cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. A risk factor for cardiovascular disease is PCOS that is undiagnosed or untreated. Our aim in this study is to investigate serum fetuin-A level and its gene as potential biomarkers for screening of insulin resistance in PCOS.

Patients and methods
This study involved 100 female participants from outpatient clinic, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zagazig University Hospital, Egypt. They were split into two groups (each 50). The first group included healthy fertile women without symptoms of hyperandrogenemia as a control. The second group included women with PCOS. Fasting blood sugar levels, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides have been estimated by enzymatic colorimetric technique while low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was calculated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays have been used to measure serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicular-stimulating hormone, testosterone, and fetuin-A, while PCR has been used to extract DNA and genotype common functional polymorphisms in fetuin-A.

Results
The present results revealed a considerable rise in glucose, insulin, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, and fetuin-A and significant decrease in follicular-stimulating hormone and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in PCOS patients. Also, there was significant higher frequency of the fetuin-A gene variant rs1071592 AA genotype and A allele compared to controls.

Conclusions
Fetuin-A has a potential diagnostic value as a biomarker for insulin resistance in PCOS associated with metabolic syndrome. Additionally, ‘CG’ allele can be considered a risk factor for PCOS.
Efficacy of Single-Dose Albendazole and Albendazole Plus Ivermectin for Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection in Children in the Peruvian Amazon
Authors: Curico Greisi , Garcia Bardales Paul F. , Pinedo Vasquez Tackeshy N. , Shapiama Lopez Wagner Valentino , Paredes Olortegui Maribel , Schiaffino Francesca , Peñataro Yori Pablo , Colston Josh M. , Flynn Thomas G. , Meza Sánchez Graciela , Silva Delgado Hermann , Oberhelman Richard A. , Kosek Margaret N. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
In countries where soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections are endemic, deworming programs are recommended to reduce morbidity; however, increasing levels of resistance to benzimidazoles are of concern. In an observational study in Peru, we studied the clinical efficacy of 400 mg of albendazole 20 days after treatment among children aged 2–11 years. Of 426 participants who provided samples, 52.3% were infected with a STH, 144 (33.8%) were positive for Ascaris (41.8% light, 50.8% moderate, and 7.4% heavy infections), 147 (34.5%) were positive for Trichuris (75.2% light, 22.5% moderate, and 2.3% heavy infections), and 1.1% were positive for hookworm species (100% light infections). Additional stool samples were examined at 20, 90, and 130 days after the initial treatment. At 20 days post-administration of albendazole, the cure rate (CR) of Ascaris infection was 80.1% (95% CI: 73.5–86.7), and the egg reduction rate (ERR) was 70.8% (95% CI: 57.8–88.7); the CR for Trichuris infection was 27.1% (95% CI: 20.0–34.3), and the ERR was 29.8% (95% CI: –1.40 to 57.5). Among participants with persistent or recurrent infections with Trichuris, the combined therapy of albendazole (400 mg) and ivermectin at 600 µg/dose increased overall CR for Trichuris infection to 75.2% (95% CI: 67.3–83.2%) with an ERR of 84.2% (95% CI: 61.3–93.8%). Albendazole administration alone for the control of STH was associated with high rates of treatment failure, especially for Trichuris. Combined single doses of albendazole and ivermectin was observed to have improved efficacy.
Blood Urea Nitrogen–to–Serum Albumin Ratio Predicts Fatal Outcomes in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Patients
Authors: Cao Kangli , Ma Along , Zhang Ke , Zhang Yuntao , Xiang Xinjian , Xu Cairui , Han Binhang , Xu Yuanhong , Tang Ling 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT.
There are no effective therapies for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), and existing predictors of mortality are still controversial. This retrospective study aimed to identify reliable early-stage indicators for predicting fatal outcomes in 217 patients hospitalized with an SFTS diagnosis between March 2021 and November 2023; 157 of the patients survived, and 60 died. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory parameters were reassessed in both groups. The mean age of participants was 64.0 (interquartile range: 54.5–71.0) years, and 42.4% (92/217) were males. Based on a multivariate Cox regression analysis, the blood urea nitrogen–to–serum albumin ratio (BAR) (hazard ratio [HR]:4.751; 95% CI: 2.208–10.226; P <0.001), procalcitonin level (HR: 1.946; 95% CI: 1.080–3.507; P = 0.027), and central nervous system symptoms (HR: 3.257; 95% CI, 1.628–6.513; P = 0.001) were independent risk factors for mortality in SFTS patients. According to a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, a BAR with an area under the curve of 0.913 (95% CI: 0.873–0.953; P <0.001), a sensitivity of 76.7%, and a specificity of 90.4% showed better predictive performance for fatal outcomes than other classical indicators reported. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve confirmed that an increased BAR was linked with an unfavorable prognosis in SFTS patients (P <0.001 by log-rank test). In conclusion, the results indicate that high BAR levels are markedly related to substandard outcomes and are a reliable and readily accessible predictor of fatal outcomes in SFTS patients.
The Effect Of The Comparison Of Binders In The Manufacture Of Carp Rolade (Cyprinus Carpio) On The Physical Properties And Consumer Acceptability
Authors: Gumilang Aradea , Kandriasari Annis , Alsuhendra Alsuhendra 
Published: May 2024

This research aims to analyze the effect of binder ratio in the making of carp fish roulade on the physical properties and consumer acceptance. The research was conducted at the Food Processing Laboratory, Department of Culinary Education, Universitas Negeri Jakarta. The research period began in August 2023 and ended in June 2024. The method used in this research was experimental. The research sample used grass carp roulade with a binder ratio between tapioca flour and wheat flour at 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2. The samples were then tested on 30 moderately trained panelists who evaluated overall aspects. Based on the results of statistical hypothesis testing using the Friedman test, it was found that there was no influence of binder ratio on the acceptance of carp fish roulade at ratios of 1:1, 2:1, and 1:2 in terms of skin color before and after frying, filling color before and after frying, fish aroma, spice aroma, taste, and structural compactness. However, one aspect that had an influence was the level of tenderness. Based on the results of statistical hypothesis testing, physical testing using the Kruskal-Wallis test showed that the binder ratio had no significant influence on the physical quality of grass carp roulade in terms of hardness level. The conclusion of this study is that the acceptance of carp fish roulade is recommended at a binder ratio of 1:1 between tapioca flour and wheat flour.
Pathology of the cardiovascular system in people returning to sports after COVID-19
Authors: Sharykin A. S. , Badtieva V. A. , Zholinsky A. V. , Parastaev S. A. , Usmanov D. M. 
Published: May 2024

Aim: to summarize the data published in our country and abroad on the diagnosis of cardiac complications after COVID‑19 and to compare it with our own experience of examining such athletes.Materials and methods: open data sources such as eLibrary, Scopus, PubMed etc. were used as a scientific base to achieve the set goal, a meta-analysis of 42 domestic and foreign literature sources was carried out upon the results of post‑COVID changes in athletes. Besides that, the indicators of 11467 athletes, aged from 16 to 45 years, were studied who have been playing for the Moscow national team and who passed in‑depth medical examination on the basis of Sports Medicine Clinic in Moscow Scientific and Practical Center of Medical Rehabilitation, Restorative and Sports Medicine.Results: the prevalence of myocarditis in mild COVID‑19 in athletes does not exceed 1 %, arrhythmia does not exceed 9 %. Classical cardiovascular screening is sufficient for their detection in most cases. If hospitalization is necessary, the risks increase for myocarditis up to 7.2 %, for myocardial infarction up to 4,7 %, for other cardiac complications up to 3–14 % and require advanced diagnostics. For optimal resource management in the healthcare system, a working algorithm for examining athletes returning to trainings after a previous COVID‑19 is proposed.Conclusion: in most cases a classical cardiovascular screening is enough for symptomatic individuals returning to sports trainings after the COVID‑19. However, additional examinations, including loading tests and MRT, are required to find out possible latent ongoing pathology as well to evaluate prospects for the athlete.