bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxicity and cellular uptake of lysozyme‐stabilized gold nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Yeonju , Geckeler Kurt E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe particle size and surface properties of gold nanoparticles are critical factors for the interactions between nanoparticles and cells. To produce noncytotoxic gold nanoparticles, a straightforward method for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles designed involving the reduction and stabilization by a protein such as a lysozyme in conjunction with microwave irradiation. The cooperative combination of a lysozyme with a high affinity for metal ions and the microwave irradiation allowed to form biocompatible gold nanoparticles in an aqueous system. In addition, the cell toxicity and the cellular uptake pathways of the gold nanoparticles synthesized against mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH‐3T3 cells were studied and found to be taken up by receptor‐mediated endocytosis. In addition, the lysozyme‐stabilized gold nanoparticles are accumulated in the cytoplasm as well as the nucleus without any significant cytotoxicity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A:, 2012.
Subclavian and pulmonary artery steal phenomenon in a patient with isolated left subclavian artery and right aortic arch
Authors: Hayabuchi Yasunobu , Inoue Miki , Sakata Miho , Ohnishi Tatsuya , Kagami Shoji 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe describe a patient with an isolated left subclavian artery associated with right aortic arch, patent ductus arteriosus, and ventricular septal defect. As the isolated left subclavian artery is supplied by the left vertebral artery in which blood flows in the retrograde direction, this anomaly is usually responsible for a congenital subclavian steal phenomenon. Atrophy of the left cerebral hemisphere and inverted left vertebral arterial flow were clearly depicted by echoencephalography in this patient, whose subclavian artery was connected to the main pulmonary artery by a patent ductus arteriosus. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2013.
Sonographic appearance of an advanced invasive mole and associated metastatic thrombus in the inferior vena cava
Authors: Okumura Maria , Fushida Koji , Pulcineli Vieira Francisco Rossana , Schultz Regina , Zugaib Marcelo 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe present a case of an advanced invasive mole with a metastatic thrombus in the inferior vena cava in which sonography clearly showed vesicles in the myometrium, ovaries, and metastatic thrombus leading to a diagnosis of invasive mole rather than choriocarcinoma. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2013.
Decreased echogenicity of the embryo is correlated with absence of cardiac activity
Authors: Tan Sinan , İpek Ali , Levent Keskin Hüseyin , Karaoğlanoğlu Mustafa , Çiraci Saliha , Öztürk Hasan 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurpose:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the sonographic echogenicity of embryos is associated with cardiac activity in utero.Methods:The present study reviewed a total of 164 embryos having a gestational age between 6 and 8 weeks. These embryos were examined by transvaginal ultrasonography and a comparison of their echogenicity was made with respect to those of the placenta and the myometrium. Grade II embryos were less echogenic than the placenta or had similar echogenicity with the myometrium, whereas grade I embryos shared the same echogenicity as the placenta. In contrast, grade III embryos were less echogenic than the myometrium.Results:Most of the embryos with cardiac activity were detected to have grade II echogenicity (78/130, 60.0%), whereas the remaining embryos had grade I echogenicity (52/130, 40.0%). In contrast, most of the embryos without cardiac activity had grade III echogenicity (20/34, 58.8%), whereas the remaining embryos had either grade II (8/34, 23.5%) or grade I (6/34, 17.7%) echogenicity.Conclusions:Decreased echogenicity of embryos on grayscale ultrasound in the early first trimester is correlated with an absence of cardiac activity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012.
Multi‐modal quantitative MRI investigation of brain tissue neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Hasan Khader M. , Walimuni Indika S. , Abid Humaira , Wolinsky Jerry S. , Narayana Ponnada A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the utility of multimodal quantitative MRI (qMRI) and atlas‐based methods to identify characteristics of lesion‐driven injury and neurodegeneration in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).Materials and Methods:This work is health insurance portability and accountability act compliant. High resolution T1‐weighted, dual echo, and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion tensor MRI images were prospectively acquired on 68 RRMS patients (range, 25–58 years) and 68 age‐matched controls. The data were analyzed using standardized human brain atlas‐based tissue segmentation procedures to obtain regional volumes and their corresponding T2 relaxation times and DTI maps.Results:Group‐averaged brain atlas‐based qMRI maps of T2, fractional anisotropy and diffusivities are visually presented and compared between controls and RRMS. The analysis shows a widespread injury in RRMS. Atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC) was substantial in RRMS. The qMRI attributes of the neocortex in combination with the CC such as T2 and diffusivities were elevated and correlated with disability.Conclusion:Using a standardized multimodal qMRI acquisition and analyses that accounted for lesion distribution we demonstrate that cerebral pathology is widespread in RRMS. Our analysis of CC and neocortex qMRI metrics in relation to disability points to a neurodegenerative injury component that is independent from lesions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1300–1311. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are reclamo hunting seasons for the Spanish red‐legged partridge off the mark?
Authors: Vargas J. Mario , Duarte Jesus , Farfán Miguel Angel , Villafuerte Rafael , Fa John E. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe red‐legged partridge (Alectoris rufa) is abundant in a number of regions in Spain and one of the most commonly hunted small game species in the country. Partridge hunting generates substantial income in rural areas where agriculture is less profitable. A traditional hunting method, reclamo hunting, is currently under revision by the European Commission's (EC) Birds Directive because hunting may fall within the reproduction period of the species. So far, only limited data on the reproductive phenology of the species exist to inform a policy change. In this study, we present reproduction data for red‐legged partridges from 9 hunting estates in Andalusia during 1 year, and over 3 consecutive seasons from a control estate. We used direct nest and partridge chick covey observations to estimate 165 egg‐laying dates. We found significant differences between sites related to altitude during reproduction periods. Using our pooled data, we showed that reproduction occurred between the last 10 days in January and the middle of February; beyond 31 January we observed an exponential increase in birds reproduction. According to these data and current EC legislation, reclamo hunting should not extend beyond 31 January. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Real‐time guidance of thermal and ultrashort pulsed laser ablation in hard tissue using inline coherent imaging
Authors: Leung Ben Y.C. , Webster Paul J.L. , Fraser James M. , Yang Victor X.D. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveDuring tissue ablation, laser light can be delivered with high precision in the transverse dimensions but final incision depth can be difficult to control. We monitor incision depth as it progresses, providing feedback to ensure that material removal occurs within a localized target volume, reducing the possibility of undesirable damage to tissues below the incision.Materials and MethodsEx vivo cortical and cancellous bone was ablated using pulsed lasers with center wavelengths of 1,064 and 1,070 nm, while being imaged in real‐time using inline coherent imaging (ICI) at rates of up to 300 kHz and axial resolution of ∼6 µm. With real‐time feedback, laser exposure was terminated before perforating into natural inclusions of the cancellous bone and verified by brightfield microscopy of the crater cross‐sections accessed via side‐polishing.ResultsICI provides direct information about incision penetration even in the presence of intense backscatter from the pulsed laser and plasma emissions. In this study, ICI is able to anticipate structures 176 ± 8 µm below the ablation front with signal intensity 9 ± 2 dB above the noise floor. As a result, the operator is able to terminate exposure of the laser sparing a 50 µm thick layer of bone between the bottom of the incision to a natural inclusion in the cancellous bone. Versatility of the ICI system was demonstrated over a wide range of light–tissue interactions from thermal regime to direct solid‐plasma transition.ConclusionsICI can be used as non‐contact real‐time feedback to monitor the depth of an incision created by laser ablation, especially in heterogeneous tissue where ablation rate is less predictable. Furthermore, ICI can image below the ablation front making it possible to stop laser exposure to limit unintentional damage to subsurface structures such as blood vessels or nervous tissue. Lasers Surg. Med. 44:249–256, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High resolution spectroscopic imaging of GABA at 3 Tesla
Authors: Zhu He , Edden Richard A. E. , Ouwerkerk Ronald , Barker Peter B. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA spin echo‐based MRSI sequence was developed to acquire edited spectra of γ‐aminobutyric acid in an entire slice. Water and lipid signals were suppressed by a dual‐band presaturation sequence, which included integrated outer volume suppression pulses for additional lipid suppression. Experiments in three normal volunteers were performed at 3 T using a 32‐channel head coil. High signal‐to‐noise ratio spectra and metabolic images of γ‐aminobutyric acid were acquired from nominal 4.5 cm3 voxels (estimated actual voxel size 7.0 cm3) in a scan time of 17 min. The sequence is also expected to co‐edit homocarnosine and macromolecules, giving a composite γ‐aminobutyric acid+ resonance. The γ‐aminobutyric acid+ to water ratio was measured using a companion water MRSI scan and was found to correlate linearly with the % gray matter (GM) of each voxel (γ‐aminobutyric acid+/water = (1.5 × GM + 3.2) × 10−5, R = 0.27), with higher γ‐aminobutyric acid+ levels in gray matter compared with white. In conclusion, high signal‐to‐noise ratio γ‐aminobutyric acid‐MRSI is possible at 3 T within clinically feasible scan times. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A fully coupled elastic–plastic hydromechanical model for compacted soils accounting for clay activity
Authors: Vecchia Gabriele Della , Romero Enrique 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYA constitutive model, accounting for multiphase and multiscale coupling, is proposed for the water retention domain and the stress–strain response of compacted clayey soils. The model is based on a conceptual interpretation of the microfabric evolution of compacted soils along generalised hydromechanical paths, detected by means of mercury intrusion porosimeter tests. Multiphase coupling is provided by the mutual interaction between the mechanical and the hydraulic states. Multiscale coupling is introduced by a measure of the size of the aggregates, which influences both the retention and the stress–strain response, in the phenomenological constitutive equations. Model capabilities are verified by comparison with relevant experimental data from laboratory tests on compacted Boom clay and other selected experimental data on different compacted clayey soils. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A random solid‐porous model to simulate the retention curves of soils
Authors: Horta Jaime , Rojas Eduardo , Pérez‐Rea María L. , López Teresa , Zaragoza Juan B. 
Published: January 2012

SUMMARYThis paper describes a random solid‐porous model capable of simulating the structure of porous materials. To this purpose, the grain and pore size distributions as well as the void ratio of the material are required. Solids and pores are distributed at random in the model's space according to a size strategy. Herein, the model is used to simulate the retention curves of soils. The Laplace equation is used to determine the size of the pores able to saturate or dry during a wetting or drying process, respectively. The continuous path principle is used to define those elements that effectively saturate or dry during these processes. With this procedure, it is possible to simulate the main retention curves as well as the scanning curves during wetting–drying cycles. Some experimental results reported in the international literature have been used to test the model. This model can be enhanced to study the mechanical behavior of unsaturated soils. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of socioeconomic factors on the adherence of alendronate treatment in incident users in Norway
Authors: Devold Helene M. , Furu Kari , Skurtveit Svetlana , Tverdal Aage , Falch Jan A. , Sogaard Anne Johanne 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTPurposeTo examine whether socioeconomic factors influence adherence to alendronate drug treatment among incident users in Norway during 2005–2009.MethodsThe study included 7610 incident alendronate users in 2005 (40–79 years), followed until 31 December 2009. Mean age was 66.6 years, and 86.7% of the patients were women. Data were drawn from the Norwegian Prescription Database and linked to marital status, education and income. Adherence was measured by the medication possession ratio (MPR). MPR was defined as the number of dispensed defined daily doses divided by the number of days each patient was included in the study. A patient was adherent if MPR ≥ 80%. ORs with 95%CI were estimated using logistic regression.ResultsAmong all patients, 45.5% was adherent throughout 4.2 years. A slightly higher proportion of women than men were adherent. Adjusted for all covariates, women aged 70–79 years had an OR of 1.27 (95%CI 1.10–1.45) for adherence compared with those 40–59 years. In women, high household income predicted adherence of alendronate use. In men, a middle educational level compared with a low level, predicted adherence (adjusted OR = 1.47 (95%CI 1.10–1.96)). After adjustments, previous marriage reduced the odds of being adherent compared with present marriage, in both men and women.ConclusionsIn women, the most important factors for being adherent were high age and high income. In men, a middle educational level predicted adherence. Previous marriage reduced the odds of being adherent in both women and men. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Energy pay‐back time: methodological caveats and future scenarios
Authors: Raugei Marco 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACTEnergy pay‐back time (EPBT) has almost universally been adopted as the indicator of choice to express the energy performance of photovoltaics (PV). In this paper, an in‐depth review of the methodology and all underlying assumptions and conventions is presented. A prospective analysis of the potential evolution of the EPBT of PV over the next four decades is then performed, assuming optimistic grid penetration figures and taking into account expected technological improvements. Results show that combining the two opposing effects of a reduction in cumulative energy demand for PV manufacturing and an increase in grid efficiency will likely result in severely limited reductions, or even possible increases, in the EPBT of PV. This is entirely due to how EPBT is operationally defined, and it has nothing to do with the actual energy performance of PV in the future. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BCAR1 expression improves prediction of biochemical reccurence after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Fromont Gaelle , Rozet François , Cathelineau Xavier , Ouzzane Adil , Doucet Laurent , Fournier Georges , Cussenot Olivier 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBACKGROUNDBecause prostate cancer exhibits a great variability in clinical outcome, biomarkers that can be used in daily practice are needed to better stratify patients into prognostic groups. Since steroid hormones play a central role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, we aimed to analyze in a matched nested case–control study the value of molecules involved in steroid signaling, to predict recurrence after radical prostatectomy, independently from standard prognostic tools.METHODSAmong 1,200 patients treated by radical prostatectomy with negative margins with at least 4 years follow‐up, 121 prostate cancers with biochemical relapse were matched after pathological reassessment with 121 cancers with identical clinicopathological features but without relapse. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays, using antibodies directed against molecules involved in androgen and estrogen signaling, including hormone receptors, enzymes (such as the five alpha reductases 1,2 and 3, aromatase, alpha‐keto reductase 1C3 and squalene epoxidase), the breast cancer antiestrogen resistance 1 (BCAR1), and the proliferation marker Ki67.RESULTSThe median follow‐up for patients without recurrence was 7 years. Both cell proliferation and BCAR1 expression were significantly associated with biochemical relapse, in univariate and multivariate analysis. In subgroup analysis, the sole predictive marker in patients with well‐differentiated prostate cancer was BCAR1 (P = 0.004), whereas only proliferation (P = 0.001) was significantly associated with relapse in less‐differentiated prostate cancer patients.CONCLUSIONSBCAR1 is an independent predictor of recurrence after radical prostatectomy for “low risk” prostate cancer. The use of this biomarker may enable more individualized treatment approaches. Prostate 72:1359–1365, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vision‐based absolute navigation for descent and landing
Authors: Van Pham Bach , Lacroix Simon , Devy Michel 
Published: January 2012

AbstractFuture space exploration missions such as Mars sample return or the lunar lander mission require precise information about the lander position during the descent and landing steps. This article presents a solution, Landstel, that exploits on‐board vision to localize the lander with respect to orbital imagery. The algorithm is based on the geometric repartition of surface landmarks to match descent images with orbital images. It is designed to be robust to illumination variations, to be independent of the presence of specific features on the surface, and to have low memory and processing power requirements. Overall absolute localization is achieved by the integration of Landstel with inertial navigation or with visual odometry, according to a loose fusion scheme. Extensive results with simulated and real data validate the proposed approach, and show that it works well even under difficult conditions where the landmark repeatability rate drops to 10%. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analyzing Epistemological Considerations Related to Diversity: An Integrative Critical Literature Review of Family Literacy Scholarship
Authors: Compton‐Lilly Catherine , Rogers Rebecca , Lewis Tisha Y. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this review of family literacy scholarship was to examine the epistemologies underlying both family studies and reviews of family literacy studies. We were especially concerned with those epistemological issues related to the cultural, class, racial, gender, ethnic, and linguistic diversity of people served by family literacy programs. Our rationale for focusing on epistemology and diversity was that research on family literacy has often been framed in ways reflective of epistemological views of diversity, including such binaries as ‘strengths and deficits,’ ‘literate and illiterate,’ and ‘home‐school match and mismatch,’ among others. We searched major electronic databases for reviews of family literacy research and then employed bibliographic branching to identify other reviews yielding 273 reviews of which 213 were substantive. We subjected the 213 substantive reviews to an analytic review template to identify the degree to which diversity was addressed and how it was addressed. We conducted citation coding to identify major citations in each review. We then identified a set of comprehensive edited volumes and subjected the introductions, tables of contents, list of contributors, and references to diversity to a critical discourse analysis emphasizing underlying epistemologies. Findings included the dominance of White women scholars in family literacy research, the incorporation of both modernist and postmodernist epistemologies, and the absence of substantive concern with diversity in a majority of family literacy studies. Findings also showed that more recent reviews were less focused on modernist visions of family literacy as a means to address social problems and more focused on relationships between home and school literacies and the diversity of literacy practices found in homes. In addition, we found that recent reviews showed an increased focus on international and transnational contexts as well as literacy within specific local communities. We discuss these findings as reflecting the complex and diverse environments in which family literacy takes place with their multiple goals. We also discuss the importance of making underlying epistemological assumptions visible so that complexities and contradictions can be acknowledged and addressed.
First error bounds for the porous media approximation of the Poisson‐Nernst‐Planck equations
Authors: Schmuck M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractWe study the well‐accepted Poisson‐Nernst‐Planck equations modeling transport of charged particles. By formal multiscale expansions we rederive the porous media formulation obtained by two‐scale convergence in [42, 43]. The main result is the derivation of the error which occurs after replacing a highly heterogeneous solid‐electrolyte composite by a homogeneous one. The derived estimates show that the approximation errors for both, the ion densities quantified in L2‐norm and the electric potential measured in H1‐norm, are of order O(s1/2).
Enzymatic Production of Monoacylglycerols (MAG) and Diacylglycerols (DAG) from Fish Oil in a Solvent‐Free System
Authors: Feltes Maria Manuela Camino , Villeneuve Pierre , Baréa Bruno , Barouh Nathalie , de Oliveira J. Vladimir , de Oliveira Débora , Ninow Jorge Luiz 
Published: January 2012

AbstractMono‐ (MAG) and diacylglycerols (DAG) are of nutritional interest. MAG and DAG containing eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids were produced in a solvent‐free system via glycerolysis of menhaden oil catalyzed by Novozym 435. The effect of the molar ratio of glycerol to oil, enzyme concentration, and reaction temperature on MAG and DAG production was assessed. The optimal temperature was in the range of 55–70 °C for production of both acylglycerols. The increase in the substrates molar ratio led to a decrease in MAG and DAG content. The enzyme concentration was fixed at the lowest level evaluated (5%, by weight of substrates). High content of MAG (25% by weight) and DAG (41% by weight) containing, respectively, 12.46% EPA and 11.16% DHA, and 14.57% EPA and 13.70% DHA, were produced after 24 h at 70 °C, with 5% of lipase (by weight of substrate) and a glycerol‐to‐oil molar ratio of 1:1. For this reaction, a molar triacylglycerol (TAG) conversion of about 60% was achieved at equilibrium (10 h).