bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prostate stem cell antigen, a presumable organ‐dependent tumor suppressor gene, is down‐regulated in gallbladder carcinogenesis
Authors: Ono Hiroe , Hiraoka Nobuyoshi , Lee Yeon‐Su , Woo Sang Myung , Lee Woo Jin , Choi Il Ju , Saito Akira , Yanagihara Kazuyoshi , Kanai Yae , Ohnami Sumiko , Chiwaki Fumiko , Sasaki Hiroki , Sakamoto Hiromi , Yoshida Teruhiko , Saeki Norihisa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGallbladder cancer (GBC) is relatively rare but has a high mortality rate. One candidate molecule which might be involved in GBC development is prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored cell surface antigen with a tissue‐specific pattern of expression in the epithelium of several organs, such as the prostate, stomach, bladder, and gallbladder. It is up‐regulated in a number of cancers including prostate, urinary bladder, and pancreatic cancers, while it is down‐regulated in esophageal and gastric cancers, suggesting that PSCA has an oncogenic activity in the former but a tumor suppressor activity in the latter. However, the precise function of PSCA and the regulatory mechanism for its expression in normal and cancer cells are yet to be determined. In this study, immunohistochemical analyses with a specific antibody revealed that PSCA is down‐regulated in non‐neoplastic gallbladder lesions such as cholesterolosis, cholecystolithiasis, and cholecystitis (9/17; 53%), and also in adenocarcinoma (40/44; 91%), a common neoplasm in gallbladder. Analyses of the DNA methylation status in the GBC cell lines by bisulfite‐Pyrosequencing and a reporter assay for the PSCA promoter activity suggested that the down‐regulation is explained, at least partly, by DNA methylation. Moreover, colony formation assay revealed that PSCA has cell‐proliferation inhibition activity in the GBC cell lines, which was also observed in vivo. These lines of in vivo and in vitro evidence suggest that PSCA is acting as a tumor suppressor in GBC development. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Propofol disrupts functional interactions between sensory and high‐order processing of auditory verbal memory
Authors: Liu Xiaolin , Lauer Kathryn K. , Ward Barney D. , Rao Stephen M. , Li Shi‐Jiang , Hudetz Anthony G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCurrent theories suggest that disrupting cortical information integration may account for the mechanism of general anesthesia in suppressing consciousness. Human cognitive operations take place in hierarchically structured neural organizations in the brain. The process of low‐order neural representation of sensory stimuli becoming integrated in high‐order cortices is also known as cognitive binding. Combining neuroimaging, cognitive neuroscience, and anesthetic manipulation, we examined how cognitive networks involved in auditory verbal memory are maintained in wakefulness, disrupted in propofol‐induced deep sedation, and re‐established in recovery. Inspired by the notion of cognitive binding, an functional magnetic resonance imaging‐guided connectivity analysis was utilized to assess the integrity of functional interactions within and between different levels of the task‐defined brain regions. Task‐related responses persisted in the primary auditory cortex (PAC), but vanished in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and premotor areas in deep sedation. For connectivity analysis, seed regions representing sensory and high‐order processing of the memory task were identified in the PAC and IFG. Propofol disrupted connections from the PAC seed to the frontal regions and thalamus, but not the connections from the IFG seed to a set of widely distributed brain regions in the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes (with exception of the PAC). These later regions have been implicated in mediating verbal comprehension and memory. These results suggest that propofol disrupts cognition by blocking the projection of sensory information to high‐order processing networks and thus preventing information integration. Such findings contribute to our understanding of anesthetic mechanisms as related to information and integration in the brain. Hum Brain Mapp33:2487–2498, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The fusiform response to faces: Explicit versus implicit processing of emotion
Authors: Monroe Justin F. , Griffin Mark , Pinkham Amy , Loughead James , Gur Ruben C. , Roberts Timothy P.L. , Christopher Edgar J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractRegions of the fusiform gyrus (FG) respond preferentially to faces over other classes of visual stimuli. It remains unclear whether emotional face information modulates FG activity. In the present study, whole‐head magnetoencephalography (MEG) was obtained from fifteen healthy adults who viewed emotionally expressive faces and made button responses based upon emotion (explicit condition) or age (implicit condition). Dipole source modeling produced source waveforms for left and right primary visual and left and right fusiform areas. Stronger left FG activity (M170) to fearful than happy or neutral faces was observed only in the explicit task, suggesting that directed attention to the emotional content of faces facilitates observation of M170 valence modulation. A strong association between M170 FG activity and reaction times in the explicit task provided additional evidence for a role of the fusiform gyrus in processing emotional information. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On the potential of MetOp ASCAT‐derived soil wetness indices as a new aperture for hydrological monitoring and prediction: a field evaluation over Luxembourg
Authors: Matgen P. , Heitz S. , Hasenauer S. , Hissler C. , Brocca L. , Hoffmann L. , Wagner W. , Savenije H. H. G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn situ soil moisture data from the Bibeschbach experimental catchment in Luxembourg are used to evaluate relative surface soil moisture observed with the MetOp‐A Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT). Filtered and bias‐corrected surface soil wetness indices (SWIs) derived from coarse‐resolution (25 km) C‐band scatterometer observations are shown to be highly correlated (r = 0.86) with catchment‐averaged soil moisture measured in the field. The combination of ASCAT and ENVISAT Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar (ASAR) data sets yields high‐resolution (1 km) relative surface soil moisture that is equally well correlated with in situ measurements. It is concluded that for soil moisture monitoring applications at a catchment scale, the two soil moisture products are equivalent. The best correlation between the SWI derived from ASCAT and ASCAT‐ASAR with in situ soil moisture observations at ca. 5 cm depth is obtained with a characteristic time length parameter T equal to 288 h. These results suggest that satellite‐derived surface soil wetness may serve as proxy for soil storage that enables the monitoring of abrupt switches in river system dynamics to appear when an effective field capacity is exceeded and rapid subsurface stormflow is initiated. In catchments where soil moisture is the main controlling factor of rapid subsurface flow, MetOp ASCAT–derived SWI has the potential to monitor how a river system approaches a critical threshold. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Zyflamend suppresses growth and sensitizes human pancreatic tumors to gemcitabine in an orthotopic mouse model through modulation of multiple targets
Authors: Kunnumakkara Ajaikumar B. , Sung Bokyung , Ravindran Jayaraj , Diagaradjane Parmeswaran , Deorukhkar Amit , Dey Sanjit , Koca Cemile , Tong Zhimin , Gelovani Juri G. , Guha Sushovan , Krishnan Sunil , Aggarwal Bharat B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAgents that can potentiate the efficacy of standard chemotherapy against pancreatic cancer are of great interest. Because of their low cost and safety, patients commonly use a variety of dietary supplements, although evidence of their efficacy is often lacking. One such commonly used food supplement is Zyflamend, a polyherbal preparation with potent anti‐inflammatory activities and preclinical efficacy against prostate and oral cancer. Whether Zyflamend has any efficacy against human pancreatic cancer alone or in combination with gemcitibine, a commonly used agent, was examined in cell cultures and in an orthotopic mouse model. In vitro, Zyflamend inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines regardless of p53 status and also enhanced gemcitabine‐induced apoptosis. This finding correlated with inhibition of NF‐κB activation by Zyflamend and suppression of cyclin D1, c‐myc, COX‐2, Bcl‐2, IAP, survivin, VEGF, ICAM‐1 and CXCR4. In nude mice, oral administration of Zyflamend alone significantly inhibited the growth of orthotopically transplanted human pancreatic tumors, and when combined with gemcitabine, further enhanced the antitumor effects. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses of tumor tissue showed that the suppression of pancreatic cancer growth correlated with inhibition of proliferation index marker (Ki‐67), COX‐2, MMP‐9, NF‐κB and VEGF. Overall, these results suggest that the concentrated multiherb product Zyflamend alone can inhibit the growth of human pancreatic tumors and, in addition, can sensitize pancreatic cancers to gemcitabine through the suppression of multiple targets linked to tumorigenesis.
Plasma hydroxyproline, MMP‐7 and collagen I as novel predictive risk markers of hepatobiliary disease‐associated cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Prakobwong Suksanti , Charoensuk Lakhanawan , Hiraku Yusuke , Pinlaor Porntip , Pairojkul Chawalit , Mairiang Eimorn , Sithithaworn Paiboon , Yongvanit Puangrat , Khuntikeo Narong , Pinlaor Somchai 
Published: September 2011

AbstractChronic opisthorchiasis caused by Opisthorchis viverrini infection is characterized by advanced periductal fibrosis leading to hepatobiliary diseases (HBD), including cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). We aimed to determine fibrotic markers to differentiate HBD status including opisthorchiasis, benign biliary disease (BBD) and CCA. Candidate fibrotic markers in plasma of healthy individuals (n = 14) and patients with opisthorchiasis (n = 32, pre‐ and post‐treatment with praziquantel), BBD (n = 31), CCA (n = 37) and other types of tumors (n = 14) were measured by ELISA and zymography. Plasma levels of hydroxyproline (HYP), collagen I, MMP‐7 and TIMP2 in opisthorchiasis patients were significantly higher than those in healthy individuals, and MMP9/TIMP2 balance may be associated with tissue resorption after praziquantel treatment. HYP and TIMP‐2 levels were significantly correlated with periductal fibrosis status evaluated by ultrasonography. Plasma HYP level of CCA patients was the highest among HBD patients (p < 0.05). ROC curves revealed HYP, MMP‐7 and collagen I levels significantly distinguished opisthorchiasis, BBD and CCA (p < 0.001). Odd ratio (OR) analysis demonstrated these markers in opisthorchiasis were predictable for BBD risk (p < 0.05; OR = 28.50, 10.12 and 4.63 for collagen I, MMP‐7 and HYP, respectively), and the risk was reduced by praziquantel treatment. Interestingly, only plasma HYP level in BBD was predictable for CCA risk (OR = 3.69; p = 0.020). In conclusion, plasma HYP, collagen I and MMP‐7 may be useful as novel predictive markers of opisthorchiasis‐related BBD, and HYP may be used as a diagnostic marker for CCA.
Repair of DNA damage induced by accelerated heavy ions—A mini review
Authors: Okayasu Ryuichi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIncreasing use of heavy ions for cancer therapy and concerns from exposure to heavy charged particles in space necessitate the study of the basic biological mechanisms associated with exposure to heavy ions. As the most critical damage induced by ionizing radiation is DNA double strand break (DSB), this review focuses on DSBs induced by heavy ions and their repair processes. Compared with X‐ or gamma‐rays, high‐linear energy transfer (LET) heavy ion radiation induces more complex DNA damage, categorized into DSBs and non‐DSB oxidative clustered DNA lesions (OCDL). This complexity makes the DNA repair process more difficult, partially due to retarded enzymatic activities, leading to increased chromosome aberrations and cell death. In general, the repair process following heavy ion exposure is LET‐dependent, but with nonhomologous end joining defective cells, this trend is less emphasized. The variation in cell survival levels throughout the cell cycle is less prominent in cells exposed to high‐LET heavy ions when compared with low LET, but this mechanism has not been well understood until recently. Involvement of several DSB repair proteins is suggested to underlie this interesting phenomenon. Recent improvements in radiation‐induced foci studies combined with high‐LET heavy ion exposure could provide a useful opportunity for more in depth study of DSB repair processes. Accelerated heavy ions have become valuable tools to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying repair of DNA DSBs, the most crucial form of DNA damage induced by radiation and various chemotherapeutic agents.
Remarkable biocompatibility enhancement of porous NiTi alloys by a new surface modification approach: In‐situ nitriding and in vitro and in vivo evaluation
Authors: Li H. , Yuan B. , Gao Y. , Chung C. Y. , Zhu M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAn in‐situ nitriding method has been developed to modify the outer surface and the pore walls of both open and closed pores of porous NiTi shape memory alloys (SMAs) as part of their sintering process. XRD and XPS examinations revealed that the modified layer is mainly TiN. The biocompatibility of the in‐situ nitrided sample has been characterized by its corrosion resistance, cell adherence, and implant surgery. The in‐situ nitrided porous NiTi SMAs exhibit much better corrosion resistance, cell adherence, and bone tissue induced capability than the porous NiTi alloys without surface modification. Furthermore, the released Ni ion content in the blood of rabbit is reduced greatly by the in‐situ nitriding. The excellent biocompatibility of in‐situ nitrided sample is attributed to the formation of the TiN layer on all the pore walls including both open and closed pores. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Epiploic appendage torsed within a spigelian hernia: US and CT findings
Authors: Capaccio Enrico , Di Vito Lucia , Derchi Lorenzo E. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe report the sonographic and CT findings in a patient with an epiploic appendage strangulated within a Spigelian hernia sac. The patient presented with a small, tender, palpable mass, which, at sonography, was located within the abdominal wall, lateral to the rectus abdominis muscle, and had the appearance of an inflamed epiploic appendage. The same findings were confirmed by unenhanced CT. Surgery showed an epiploic appendage of the sigmoid colon within a small Spigelian hernia; the appendage was torsed around its pedicle at the entrance into the hernia sac. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012
Multifunctional Conjugated Polymers with Main‐Chain Donors and Side‐Chain Acceptors for Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs) and Organic Photovoltaic Cells (OPVs)
Authors: Chang Dong Wook , Ko Seo‐Jin , Kim Jin Young , Park Su‐Moon , Lee Hyo Joong , Dai Liming , Baek Jong‐Beom 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel multifunctional conjugated polymer (RCP‐1) composed of an electron‐donating backbone (carbazole) and an electron‐accepting side chain (cyanoacetic acid) connected through conjugated vinylene and terthiophene has been synthesized and tested as a photosensitizer in two major molecule‐based solar cells, namely dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs). Promising initial results on overall power conversion efficiencies of 4.11% and 1.04% are obtained from the basic structure of DSSCs and OPVs based on RCP‐1, respectively. The well‐defined donor (D)‐acceptor (A) structure of RCP‐1 has made it possible, for the first time, to reach over 4% of power conversion efficiency in DSSCs with an organic polymer sensitizer and good operation stability.
A stabilized Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Taylor–Galerkin algorithm for soil dynamics problems
Authors: Blanc T. , Pastor M. 
Published: September 2011

SUMMARYModelling of failure under dynamic conditions in geomaterials with finite elements presents a series of complex problems, among which we can mention those of (i) volumetric locking, which results on higher failure loads, (ii) influence of mesh alignment, resulting to unrealistic failure surfaces, (iii) diffusion of the shear band over some element widths, (iv) nonoptimal propagation properties (numerical diffusion and dispersion), (v) fulfilling Babuska–Brezzi conditions when using the same order of interpolation for displacement and pressures in coupled problems and (vi) large deformation analysis.This paper is based on previous work done by the authors, who developed a mixed approximation based on (i) casting the dynamic problem in the form of a system of first order PDEs and (ii) using stresses and velocities as nodal variables. The equations were discretized following a Taylor–Galerkin algorithm, first in time using a Taylor expansion and then in space using Galerkin method. The model was limited to small deformations.The purpose of this paper is to show how Taylor–Galerkin method can be extended to meshless formulations, such as the SPH method. The algorithm consists of (i) discretizing in time using a Taylor series expansion complemented with integration of source terms using a Runge–Kutta scheme and then (ii) discretizing in space using the SPH method. It is shown how the proposed method keeps the advantages of the Taylor–Galerkin method in Finite Elements (good propagation properties and capturing of shear bands) and avoids the tensile instability. A set of test problems ranging from elastic propagation of a wave in a bar to failure of a slope on a cohesive softening material are used to assess the performance of the method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative structural and functional characterization of putative protein effectors belonging to the PcF toxin family from Phytophthora spp
Authors: Orsomando Giuseppe , Brunetti Lucia , Pucci Kathleen , Ruggeri Barbara , Ruggieri Silverio 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe PcF Toxin Family (Pfam 09461) includes the characterized phytotoxic protein PcF from Phytophthora
cactorum, as well as several predicted protein effectors from other Phytophthora species recently identified by comparative genomics. Here we provide first evidence that such ‘putatives’, recombinantly expressed in bacteria and purified to homogeneity, similarly to PcF, can trigger defense‐related responses on tomato, that is leaf withering and phenylalanine ammonia lyase induction, although with various degrees of effectiveness. In addition, structural prediction by computer‐aided homology modeling and subsequent structural/functional comparison after rational engineering of the disulfide‐structured protein fold by site‐directed mutagenesis, highlighted the surface‐exposed conserved amino acid stretch SK(E/C)C as a possible structural determinant responsible for the differential phytotoxicity within this family of cognate protein effectors.
Er3+‐Doped Anatase TiO2 Nanocrystals: Crystal‐Field Levels, Excited‐State Dynamics, Upconversion, and Defect Luminescence
Authors: Luo Wenqin , Fu Chengyu , Li Renfu , Liu Yongsheng , Zhu Haomiao , Chen Xueyuan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA comprehensive survey of electronic structure and optical properties of rare‐earth ions embedded in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) is of vital importance for their potential applications in areas as diverse as luminescent bioprobes, lighting, and displays. Er3+‐doped anatase TiO2 NCs, synthesized via a facile sol–gel solvothermal method, exhibit intense and well‐resolved intra‐4f emissions of Er3+. Crystal‐field (CF) spectra of Er3+ in TiO2 NCs are systematically studied by means of high‐resolution emission and excitation spectra at 10–300 K. The CF analysis of Er3+ assuming a site symmetry of C2v yields a small root‐mean‐square deviation of 25.1 cm−1 and reveals the relatively large CF strength (549 cm−1) of Er3+, thus verifying the rationality of the C2v symmetry assignment of Er3+ in anatase TiO2 NCs. Based on a simplified thermalization model for the temperature‐dependent photoluminescence (PL) dynamics from 4S3/2, the intrinsic radiative luminescence lifetimes of 4S3/2 and 2H11/2 are experimentally determined to be 3.70 and 1.73 μs, respectively. Green and red upconversion (UC) luminescence of Er3+ can be achieved upon laser excitation at 974.5 nm. The UC intensity of Er3+ in Yb/Er‐codoped NCs is found to be about five times higher than that of Er‐singly‐doped counterparts as a result of efficient Yb3+ sensitization and energy transfer upconversion (ETU) evidenced by its distinct UC luminescence dynamics. Furthermore, the origin of defect luminescence is revealed based on the temperature‐dependent PL spectra upon excitation above the TiO2 bandgap at 325 nm.
Modified hanging method for liver resection
Authors: Utsunomiya Tohru , Shimada Mitsuo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe liver hanging maneuver (LHM) is a useful technique to transect the liver parenchyma while lifting it with a tape passed between the anterior surface of the inferior vena cava (IVC) and the liver parenchyma. The original method was employed mostly for right hepatectomy with an “anterior approach” for huge liver tumors. The tape serves as a guide to the transection plane and facilitates the control of bleeding in the deeper parenchyma of the liver while protecting the anterior surface of the IVC. On the other hand, several recent studies have shown the feasibility and usefulness of modified LHM techniques. These methods can be applied to left hepatectomy with or without caudate lobectomy (segmentectomy 1), even for patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. This report explains the methods and pitfalls of the original and modified LHM. In addition, important anatomical and technical aspects of the mobilization of hepatic lobes are also included.
Glissonean pedicle transection method for liver surgery (with video)
Authors: Yamamoto Masakazu , Katagiri Satoshi , Ariizumi Shun‐ichi , Kotera Yoshihito , Takahashi Yutaka 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe Glissonean pedicle approach in liver surgery provides new knowledge of the surgical anatomy of the liver and advances the technique of liver surgery. The Glissonean pedicles are wrapped by a connective tissue referred to as the Glisson's capsule and include the hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct. The Glissonean pedicles can be approached intrahepatically or extrahepatically. The extrahepatic approach at the hepatic hilus was referred to as the extra‐fascial access by Couinaud. In summary, the secondary Glissonean pedicles are encircled and ligated at the hepatic hilus without liver dissection. The angle of approach should be over the hilar plate so that the surgeon does not have to consider any variations in the arteries or bile ducts. The tertiary branches can be approached through the hepatic hilus extrahepatically or intrahepatically on the border between the sections which are fed by the secondary Glissonean pedicles. This procedure is suitable for liver cancer without hilar invasion, particularly for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with HCC usually have liver dysfunction and HCC easily invades the peripheral portal vein; therefore, patients with HCC should only undergo small anatomical hepatectomies such as sectionectomy or segmentectomy. Any anatomical hepatectomy can be performed using this technique which allows simple, safe and easy liver resection. Liver surgeons should, therefore, know the fundamental concept of the Glissonean pedicle transection method.