bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opioid and Benzodiazepine Use in End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Wyne Ahraaz , Rai Raman , Cuerden Meaghan , Clark William F. , Suri Rita S. 
Published: November 2010

Summary

Background and objectives
Chronic pain and psychiatric disorders are common in dialysis patients, but the extent to which opioids and benzodiazepines are used is unclear. We conducted a systematic review to determine the: (1) prevalence of opioid and benzodiazepine use among dialysis patients; (2) reasons for use; (3) effectiveness of symptom control; and (4) incidence of adverse events.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Two authors reviewed all relevant citations in MEDLINE/EMBASE/CINAHL/BIOSIS Previews/Cochrane and hand-searched bibliographies. Studies after 1990 reporting prevalence estimates for opioid and/or benzodiazepine use in ≥50 dialysis patients were included.

Results
We identified 15 studies from 12 countries over 1995 to 2006. Sample size ranged from 75 to 12,782. Prevalence of opioid and benzodiazepine use was variable, ranging from 5 to 36% (95% CI, 4.1 to 45.5%; n = 10) and 8 to 26% (95% CI, 7.1 to 27.3%; n = 9), respectively. Prevalence was positively correlated with years on dialysis. Five studies reported on the same cohorts but gave different prevalence estimates. One study verified medication use through patient interviews. Reasons for use were reported in one study. Effectiveness of pain control varied from 17 to 38%, and 72 to 84% of patients with significant pain had no analgesia (n = 2). No study rigorously examined for adverse events.

Conclusions
The prevalence of opioid and benzodiazepine use in dialysis patients is highly variable between centers. Further information is needed regarding the appropriateness of these prescriptions, adequacy of symptom control, and incidence of adverse effects in this population.
Predictors of the Use of Physical Therapy Services Among Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Iversen Maura D. , Chhabriya Ritu K. , Shadick Nancy 
Published: November 2010

Background
Although physical therapy is a proven and recommended intervention for managing rheumatoid arthritis (RA), few studies have explored correlates of physical therapy service use among people with RA.

Objective
The purposes of this study were: (1) to describe physical therapy use among people with RA and (2) to identify biopsychosocial factors associated with physical therapy use. It was expected that use of physical therapy services would be lower than previously reported, considering recent medical advancements, and that including contextual factors may lead to identification of new factors associated with physical therapy use.

Design
This was a cohort study.

Methods
Of 1,032 patients prospectively recruited from a large hospital registry, 772 completed baseline and laboratory assessments, received a physical examination, and completed a 1-year follow-up survey regarding physical therapy service use. Measures included: demographics (ie, age, sex, marital status, race, employment, disability status, insurance, income, comorbidities, and education), disease duration, RA medications, self-efficacy (assessed with the Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale), social support (assessed with the Berkman-Syme Social Network Index), function (assessed with the Multi-Dimensional Health Assessment Questionnaire), and disease activity (assessed with the Rheumatoid Arthritis Disease Activity Index). Self-reported use of physical therapy (yes/no) was assessed at the 1-year follow-up. A staged regression approach, based on a theoretical model, was used to select and enter variables into the regression to develop a parsimonious set of predictors.

Results
The patients were well educated and had modestly high incomes, and most had health insurance. Approximately 15.3% of the patients used physical therapy services during the designated follow-up period. Using multivariable modeling, the most significant predictors of physical therapy service use were moderate to high disease activity (odds ratio [OR]=1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.1–1.8), less than a college education (OR=0.5, 95% CI=0.2–0.8), greater social networks (OR=2.1, 95% CI=1.3–3.5), and being on disability (OR=2.4, 95% CI=1.3–4.6).

Limitations
The limitations of this study were use of a convenience sample and the potential for misclassification of physical therapy service use.

Conclusions
Patients with less than college education were less likely to receive physical therapy services, and those with more active disease, those who were on disability, and those who had greater social networks were more likely to receive physical therapy services.
Relationship Separation and Mental Health Problems: Findings from a 30-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Gibb Sheree J. , Fergusson David M. , Horwood L. John 
Published: November 2010

Objective: To examine the associations between relationship separation and a range of mental health problems including depression, anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse/dependence, cannabis abuse/dependence, and total number of mental health problems. Method: Data were drawn from a 30-year longitudinal study of a birth cohort of individuals born in Christchurch, New Zealand. Associations between separation and mental health problems were examined using two types of regression models: population-averaged generalized estimating equation models and fixed effects models. Associations were adjusted for a wide range of fixed and time-dynamic potential covariate factors. Results: After due allowance was made for confounding, separation was associated with depression, suicidal behaviour, and the total number of mental health problems (rate ratios range 1.7–3.4, median 3.2). These associations were apparent both when separation was used as the dependent variable and when the mental health problems were used as the dependent variables. In contrast, separation was not significantly associated with anxiety disorders, alcohol abuse/dependence, or illicit drug abuse/dependence when due allowance was made for confounding. Associations between separation and mental health problems were not significantly different for men and women. Conclusions: Separation of a cohabiting relationship is associated with increased rates of depression, suicidal behaviour, and total mental health problems. However, it was not possible to determine the causal direction of the relationship between separation and mental health problems. Future studies may need to employ approaches other than observational research designs in order to address issues of causality.
Screening forIL28Bgene variants identifies predictors of hepatitis C therapy success
Authors: Doehring Alexandra , Hofmann Wolf Peter , Schlecker Christina , Zeuzem Stefan , Susser Simone , Geisslinger Gerd , Sarrazin Christoph , Lötsch Jörn 
Published: November 2010

BackgroundRecent research has shown that genetic variation in the IL28B gene predicts both chronicity of HCV infection and sustained virological response (SVR) to antiviral standard therapy. Because HCV affects 170 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, screening for prognostic factors in routine clinical practice requires rapid and reliable assays.MethodsThe frequencies of gene polymorphisms IL28B rs8099917, rs12979860 and rs12980275 were investigated in two cohorts of 89 and 187 unrelated HCV-infected Caucasian patients and 195 non-infected participants. This was carried out by means of newly developed sensitive Pyrosequencing™ screening assays.ResultsThe minor alleles were more frequent in patients ( n=276) than in controls ( n=195), with odds ratios (recessive hereditary model) of 2.2–11.6, indicating a moderate to large genotype effect size. The positive predictive values of the minor alleles for chronicity of HCV infection were 68.3%, 64.8% and 65.8% for rs8099917, rs12979860 and rs12980275, respectively. The minor alleles were also more frequent in patients who had a non-SVR ( n=49) than in SVR patients ( n=40), with odds ratios of 1.1–3.5 showing a small to moderate genotype effect size. The positive predictive values for non-SVR were 56.9%, 79.2% and 74% for rs8099917, rs12979860 and rs12980275, respectively.ConclusionsWith the screening for IL28B polymorphisms rs12980275, rs8099917 and rs12979860, which are associated with HCV chronicity and with reduced SVR rates, an important prognostic factor of the therapy of chronic hepatitis C can be easily diagnosed.
A Method to Detect Differential Gene Expression in Cross-Species Hybridization Experiments at Gene and Probe Level
Authors: Chen Ying , Wu Rebekah , Felton James , Rocke David M. , Chakicherla Anu 
Published: November 2010

Motivation Whole genome microarrays are increasingly becoming the method of choice to study responses in model organisms to disease, stressors or other stimuli. However, whole genome sequences are available for only some model organisms, and there are still many species whose genome sequences are not yet available. Cross-species studies, where arrays developed for one species are used to study gene expression in a closely related species, have been used to address this gap, with some promising results. Current analytical methods have included filtration of some probes or genes that showed low hybridization activities. But consensus filtration schemes are still not available. Results A novel masking procedure is proposed based on currently available target species sequences to filter out probes and study a cross-species data set using this masking procedure and gene-set analysis. Gene-set analysis evaluates the association of some priori defined gene groups with a phenotype of interest. Two methods, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Test of Test Statistics (ToTS) were investigated. The results showed that masking procedure together with ToTS method worked well in our data set. The results from an alternative way to study cross-species hybridization experiments without masking are also presented. We hypothesize that the multi-probes structure of Affymetrix microarrays makes it possible to aggregate the effects of both well-hybridized and poorly-hybridized probes to study a group of genes. The principles of gene-set analysis were applied to the probe-level data instead of gene-level data. The results showed that ToTS can give valuable information and thus can be used as a powerful technique for analyzing cross-species hybridization experiments. Availability Software in the form of R code is available at http://anson.ucdavis.edu/~ychen/cross-species.html Supplementary Data Supplementary data are available at http://anson.ucdavis.edu/~ychen/cross-species.html
Diagnostic Markers for Tuberculosis Ascites: A Preliminary Study
Authors: Kashyap Rajpal S. , Saha Sonali M. , Nagdev Khushboo J. , Kelkar Sanjeevani S. , Purohit Hemant J. , Taori Girdhar M. , Daginawala Hatim F. 
Published: November 2010

Objective The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) ascites is problematic. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment of TB ascites are considered to be major factors that contribute to the high mortality of TB. This study identifies specific protein markers in ascitic fluid which will be useful in diagnosis of TB ascites. Methods We used Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry, immunoblot analysis and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) as a comprehensive quantitative proteomic screening system for the diagnosis of TB ascites. Results The screen identified several antigens of interest: a 30-kilodalton (kDa) protein that demonstrated significant homology to the antigen 85B and 85C (Ag 85) complex; a 65-kDa protein that corresponded to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) heat shock protein 65 (65-kDa HSP), Rv0440; a 14-kDa protein and 71-kDa protein that exhibits an amino acid sequence identical to that of MTB heat shock protein 14 (14-kDa HSP), GroES; and MTB heat shock protein 71 (71-kDa HSP), Rv0350 respectively. ELISA confirmed that TB ascites patients were consistently positive for these antigens at higher rates than non-TB ascites patients. Conclusion The 65-kDa HSP, 71-kDa HSP, 14-kDa HSP and Ag 85 complex proteins may serve as very useful diagnostic markers for TB ascites.
The Negative Impact of Imatinib Mesylate Therapy Prior to Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Al-Anazi K.A. , Chaudhri N. , Al-Mohareb F.I. , Al-Zahrani H.A. , Al-Omar H.M. , Al-Shanqeeti A. , Sahovic E. , Sharif F.Z. Al , Mohamed S.Y. , Rasheed W. , Beihani A. , Hejazi A. , Zaidi Z. , Morshid M. , Seth P. , El-Tayeb K.I. , Nassar A. , Bakr M. , Jafar S. Abu , Othman I.A. , Abdulwahab A. , Al-Sultan O. , Aljurf M.D. 
Published: November 2010

Background In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia subjected to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant, the possible negative impact of imatinib therapy in the pre-transplant period is still controversial. Methods and materials A retrospective study of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant between January 2004 and December 2006 at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh was conducted. The results of patients who received hydroxyurea or interferon-α (group A) prior to transplant were compared with those of patients who received imatinib therapy (group B). Both groups of patients received the same conditioning therapy and graft versus host disease prophylaxis. Results Survival was shorter and mortality rate was higher in group B compared to group A patients. Both acute and chronic graft versus host disease were not only more frequent but also more severe and extensive in group B. Viral, bacterial and fungal infections were more predominant and more serious in group B compared to group A. Conclusions In patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who are subjected to hematopoietic stem cell transplant, prior therapy with imatinib mesylate may have an adverse outcome in terms of survival, graft versus host disease and post-transplant infectious complications.
Mechanical Characterization of Thin Films by Use of Atomic Force Acoustic Microscopy
Authors: Kopycinska‐Müller Malgorzata , Striegler Andre , Köhler Bernd , Wolter Klaus‐Jürgen 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) technique has been used to determine elastic properties of films with thicknesses decreasing from several hundreds of nanometers to several nanometers. It has been shown that metal films as thin as 50 nm can be characterized directly without the need to consider the influence of the substrate. For films with thicknesses ranging from about 30 to 50 nm, measurement parameters can be chosen such as to allow characterization of the elastic properties of either the film or the film–substrate interface. This attribute has been combined with the ability of the method to obtain qualitative stiffness images to show variations in the film–substrate adhesion. The AFAM technique has been also used to determine the indentation modulus of thin films of silicon oxide with thicknesses ranging from 7 to 28 nm. In this case, elastic properties of the substrate had to be considered. The examples of the applications of the AFAM method reported here for characterization of elastic properties of very thin films have shown that this technique has the lateral and depth resolution required to characterize the very thin films used nowadays in microelectronics industry.
Copper(II) Acetate/Oxygen‐Mediated Nucleophilic Addition and Intramolecular CH Activation/CN or CC Bond Formation: One‐Pot Synthesis of Benzimidazoles or Quinazolines
Authors: He Hua‐Feng , Wang Zhi‐Jing , Bao Weiliang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractDiarylcarbodiimides or benzylphenylcarbodiimides are converted to 1,2‐disubstituted benzimidazoles or 1,2‐disustituted quinazolines via addition/intramolecular CH bond activation/C‐N or CC bond forming reaction using copper(II) acetate/oxygen [Cu(OAc)2/O2] as the oxidant at 100 °C in one‐pot cascade procedure.
Heterogeneous Selective Oxidation of Alkenes to α,β‐ Unsaturated Ketones over Coordination Polymer MIL‐101
Authors: Maksimchuk Nataliya V. , Kovalenko Konstantin A. , Fedin Vladimir P. , Kholdeeva Oxana A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe mesoporous metal‐organic framework MIL‐101 is an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the selective allylic oxidation of alkenes with tert‐butyl hydroperoxide. The selectivity towards α,β‐unsaturated ketones reaches 86–93%. The temperature of the catalyst activation strongly affects the ketone yield. MIL‐101 is stable to chromium leaching, behaves as a true heterogeneous catalyst, can be easily recovered by filtration, and can be reused several times without loss of the catalytic performance.
Brachydactyly type A1 with short humerus and associated skeletal features
Authors: Lacombe Didier , Delrue Marie‐Ange , Rooryck Caroline , Morice‐Picard Fanny , Arveiler Benoît , Maugey‐Laulom Brigitte , Mundlos Stefan , Toutain Annick , Chateil Jean‐François 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report on a three‐generation family affected with an osteochondrodysplasia transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. The phenotype consists of short humerus, curved radius with accessory ossification centre at the proximal third of ulna, variable short stature and brachydactyly, and has not been reported to the best of our knowledge. The brachydactyly falls into the brachydactyly A1 category (especially short 2nd, 4th, and 5th middle phalanges). A unique feature in one family member is triphalangeal thumbs. Vertebrae are normal. Mental development is normal and deafness is seen in some of the family members. A mutation was excluded by sequencing the entire coding regions of the IHH gene encoding the Indian Hedgehog protein and the GDF5 gene. This condition is a novel chondrodyplasia phenotype or possibly one end of the spectrum of the brachydactyly A1. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Neurological Comparative Study of the Harp Seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and Harbor Porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) Brain
Authors: Walløe Solveig , Eriksen Nina , Dabelsteen Torben , Pakkenberg Bente 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe cetacean brain is well studied. However, few comparisons have been done with other marine mammals. In this study, we compared the harp seal (Pagophilus groenlandicus) and the harbor porpoise brain (Phocoena phocoena). Stereological methods were applied to compare three areas of interest: the entire neocortex and two subdivisions of the neocortex, the auditory and visual cortices. The total number of neurons and glial cells in the three regions was estimated. The main results showed that the harbor porpoise have an estimated 14.9 × 109 neocortical neurons and 34.8 × 109 neocortical glial cells, whereas the harp seal have 6.1 × 109 neocortical neurons and 17.5 × 109 neocortical glial cells. The harbor porpoise have significantly more neurons and glial cells in the auditory cortex than in the visual cortex, whereas the pattern was opposite for the harp seal. These results are the first to provide estimates of the number of neurons and glial cells in the neocortex of the harp seal and harbor porpoise brain and offer new data to the comparative field of mammalian brain evolution. Anat Rec, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enantioselective and Regioselective Organocatalytic Conjugate Addition of Malonates to Nitroenynes
Authors: Li Xiao‐Jiao , Peng Fang‐Zhi , Li Xiang , Wu Wen‐Tao , Sun Zhong‐Wen , Li Ying‐Mei , Zhang Shao‐Xiong , Shao Zhi‐Hui 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe first catalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds to nitroenynes catalyzed by cinchona alkaloid‐based thiourea organocatalysts has been developed. The 1,4‐addition adducts were obtained solely, in moderate to good yields (up to 93 %) with good enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). This protocol affords a conceptually different entry to the precursors of pharmaceutically important chiral β‐alkynyl acid derivatives and synthetically useful chiral nitroalkynes. Notably, the protocol worked well with both aryl‐ and alkyl‐substituted alkynyl substrates.
Stereoselectivity in Trimethylenemethane (TMM) Diyl Mediated Cycloaddition Reaction to Angularly Fused Triquinanes
Authors: Yoon Yeokwon , Kang Taek , Lee Hee‐Yoon 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA thorough study on the diastereoselectivity in the TMM diyl mediated [2+3] cycloaddition reaction of monosubstituted linear substrates to form angularly fused triquinanes was carried out. Substitution at position 3 provided complete diastereoselectivity, while positions 1 and 4 induced marginal stereoselectivity. Position 2 did not show any influence on the diastereoselectivity. Position 4 turned out to be incompatible with the cycloaddition reaction as the carbene intermediate underwent OSi bond insertion to form a dihydrofuran ring.
Fed‐batch culture of Escherichia coli for L‐valine production based on in silico flux response analysis
Authors: Park Jin Hwan , Kim Tae Yong , Lee Kwang Ho , Lee Sang Yup 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe have previously reported the development of a 100% genetically defined engineered Escherichia coli strain capable of producing L‐valine from glucose with a high yield of 0.38 g L‐valine per gram glucose (0.58 mol L‐valine per mol glucose) by batch culture. Here we report a systems biological strategy of employing flux response analysis in bioprocess development using L‐valine production by fed‐batch culture as an example. Through the systems‐level analysis, the source of ATP was found to be important for efficient L‐valine production. There existed a trade‐off between L‐valine production and biomass formation, which was optimized for the most efficient L‐valine production. Furthermore, acetic acid feeding strategy was optimized based on flux response analysis. The final fed‐batch cultivation strategy allowed production of 32.3 g/L L‐valine, the highest concentration reported for E. coli. This approach of employing systems‐level analysis of metabolic fluxes in developing fed‐batch cultivation strategy would also be applicable in developing strategies for the efficient production of other bioproducts. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:934–946. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Composition and Intraspecific Chemical Variability of the Essential Oil from Artemisia herba‐alba Growing Wild in a Tunisian Arid Zone
Authors: Mighri Hédi , Akrout Ahmed , El‐jeni Hajer , Zaidi Slah , Tomi Félix , Casanova Joseph , Neffati Mohamed 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe intraspecific chemical variability of essential oils (50 samples) isolated from the aerial parts of Artemisia herba‐alba Asso growing wild in the arid zone of Southeastern Tunisia was investigated. Analysis by GC (RI) and GC/MS allowed the identification of 54 essential oil components. The main compounds were β‐thujone and α‐thujone, followed by 1,8‐cineole, camphor, chrysanthenone, trans‐sabinyl acetate, trans‐pinocarveol, and borneol. Chemometric analysis (k‐means clustering and PCA) led to the partitioning into three groups. The composition of two thirds of the samples was dominated by α‐thujone or β‐thujone. Therefore, it could be expected that wild plants of A. herba‐alba randomly harvested in the area of Kirchaou and transplanted by local farmers for the cultivation in arid zones of Southern Tunisia produce an essential oil belonging to the α‐thujone/β‐thujone chemotype and containing also 1,8‐cineole, camphor, and trans‐sabinyl acetate at appreciable amounts.