bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of surface treatments on the susceptibilities of low temperature degradation by autoclaving in zirconia
Authors: Lee Tae‐Hoon , Lee Sang‐Hyuk , Her Soo‐Bok , Chang Won‐Gun , Lim Bum‐Soon 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of surface treatments on the aging susceptibilities by autoclaving in zirconia ceramics. Four commercially available tetragonal zirconia polycrystals and one zirconia‐alumina composite were tested. Disk‐shaped specimens were prepared and the grain sizes were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and image analyzer. The specimens were divided into three groups based on surface treatments including heat treatment subsequent to mirror polishing, grinding, and sandblasting. Specimens in each group were autoclaved at 134°C for 1, 3, 5, 10, and 15 h. The phases of the specimens were analyzed using an X‐ray diffractometer, and the relative amount of the monoclinic phase was calculated and analyzed using Student's t‐test and Newman–Keuls multiple comparisons test. Single routine autoclave treatment for sterilization did not promote the phase transformation in zirconia. The phase transformations of all specimens by autoclaving were correlated with grain size, except for the zirconia‐alumina composite. Grinding or sandblasting treatments gave rise to increased formation of the monoclinic phase, especially for the zirconia‐alumina composite, which showed the highest fraction for the monoclinic phase. The effects of surface treatments on the aging susceptibilities by autoclaving were different in the experimental groups. It is notable that not all zirconia ceramics show similar phase transformation by autoclaving after surface treatments. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
The effect of diffusion hardened oxidized zirconium wear debris on cell viability and inflammation—An in vitro study
Authors: Rose S. F. , Weaver C. L. , Fenwick S. A. , Horner A. , Pawar V. D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWear debris generation in total joint replacement remains a concern because of its association with aseptic loosening, osteolysis, and ultimately implant failure. In a quest to develop new implant materials with reduced wear and improved biocompatibility a new composition of oxidized Zr2.5Nb alloy; diffusion hardened oxidized zirconium (DHOxZr) has been developed. In this study, we have determined the in vitro biocompatibility of the wear debris of this new composition and compared it to wear debris particles of Ti6Al4V, Cobalt, and CoCr. The cytotoxicity of these particles on fibroblast‐like cells (L929) and osteoblast‐like cells (SaOS2) was assessed using lactate dehydrogenase and DNA quantification assays. The inflammatory response to these particles was assessed by release of interleukin‐1 beta and tumor necrosis factor from macrophage‐like cells. The results showed that wear debris generated from DHOxZr was less cytotoxic and elicited a reduced inflammatory response as compared to that of Cobalt or CoCr and might therefore offer a benefit as a joint prosthesis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Surface modification of magnesium alloys developed for bioabsorbable orthopedic implants: A general review
Authors: Wang Jiali , Tang Jian , Zhang Peng , Li Yangde , Wang Jue , Lai Yuxiao , Qin Ling 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAs a bioabsorbable metal with mechanical properties close to bone, pure magnesium or its alloys have great potential to be developed as medical implants for clinical applications. However, great efforts should be made to avoid its fast degradationin vivofor orthopedic applications when used for fracture fixation. Therefore, how to decease degradation rate of pure magnesium or its alloys is one of the focuses in Research and Development (R&D) of medical implants. It has been recognized that surface modification is an effective method to prevent its initial degradationin vivoto maintain its desired mechanical strength. This article reviews the recent progress in surface modifications for prevention of fast degradation of magnesium or its alloys usingin vitrotesting model, a fast yet relevant model before moving towards time‐consuming and expensivein vivotesting. Pros and cons of various surface modifications are also discussed for the goal to design available products to be applied in clinical trials. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 100B: 1691–1701, 2012.
Degradation of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Authors: Zhai Wanyin , He Changliang , Wu Lei , Zhou Yue , Chen Hangrong , Chang Jiang , Zhang Hongfeng 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) are considered a potential drug delivery system owing to their recognized advantages in drug loading and releasing. However, whether HMSN could be degraded inside the cells remains unknown. In this study, based on the observations by transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence staining, enzymatic proteolysis, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, HMSNs were proved to be degradable in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The degradation first took place in cytoplasm and lysosomes, and secondly in lysosomes only. The Si content in culture medium increased as the time increases, suggesting that the degradation product inside the cells could be excreted into the culture medium. The degrading rate is fast in the first 2 days and slow after 2 days. The present results provided a clue to further research on the metabolic way and cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Nucleus pulposus replacement and regeneration/repair technologies: Present status and future prospects
Authors: Lewis Gladius 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDegenerative disc disease is implicated in the pathogenesis of many painful conditions of the back, chief among which is low back pain. Acute and/or chronic low back pain (A/CLBP) afflicts a large number of people, thus making it a major healthcare issue with concomitant cost ramifications. When conservative treatments for A/CLBP, such as bed rest, anti‐inflammatory medications, and physical therapy, prove to be ineffectual, surgical options are recommended. The most popular of these is discectomy followed by fusion. Although there are many reports of good to excellent outcomes with this method, there are concerns, such as long‐term adverse biomechanical consequences to adjacent functional spinal unit(s). A surgical option that has been attracting much attention recently is replacement or regeneration/repair of the nucleus pulposus, an approach that holds the prospect of not compromising either mobility or function and causing no adjacent‐level injury. There is a sizeable body of literature highlighting this option, comprisingin vitrobiomechanical studies, finite element analyses, animal‐model studies, and limited clinical evaluations. This work is a review of this body of literature and is organized into four parts, with the focus being on replacement technologies, regeneration/repair technologies, and detailed expositions on 14 areas for future study. This review ends with a summary of the salient points made. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 100B: 1702–1720, 2012.
Successful collection and engraftment of autologous peripheral blood progenitor cells in poorly mobilized patients receiving high‐dose granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor
Authors: Cooper Dennis L. , Proytcheva Maria , Medoff Erin , Seropian Stuart E. , Snyder Edward L. , Krause Diane S. , Wu YanYun 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground: Granulocyte Colony‐Stimulating Factor (G‐CSF) alone or in conjunction with chemotherapy is commonly used to mobilize hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC) into peripheral blood for progenitor cell harvest for autologous HPC transplantation. However, in up to 30% of patients, HPC are not effectively mobilized. In this study, we report the efficacy and safety profiles of a mobilization strategy using high‐dose (up to 36 μg/kg) G‐CSF in poorly mobilized patients. Study Design and Methods: Retrospective medical record reviews were performed for 392 patients who underwent autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell collection. A total of 56 patients were given high‐dose G‐CSF due to very ineffective mobilization and 35 of these patients underwent autologous HPC transplantation. The efficacy of mobilization, apheresis collection, and infusion were reviewed and analyzed. Results: More than 2.5 × 106 CD34/Kg were collected in 88% of patients (49 of 56) who were placed on high‐dose G‐CSF due to very ineffective mobilization. Of the 35 patients who underwent HPC transplantation using the progenitor cells that were mobilized with high‐dose G‐CSF due to very ineffective mobilization, all had rapid and complete neutrophil and platelet engraftment comparable with good mobilizers. Conclusion: We conclude that collection of HPC using hyperstimulation with G‐CSF is an effective alternative approach for HPC harvest for poorly mobilized patients. J. Clin. Apheresis 27:235–241, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plerixafor plus G‐CSF in combination with chemotherapy for stem cell mobilization in a pediatric patient with Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Vives Susana , Sancho Juan‐Manuel , Almazán Francisco , Juncà Jordi , Grifols Joan‐Ramon , Ribera Josep‐Maria 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSome malignant tumors in childhood require high‐dose chemotherapy with stem cell support to achieve a cure. In patients heavily pretreated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy or irradiation, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) may fail to mobilize stem cells from the bone marrow. Based on the experience with lymphoma and myeloma patients in whom peripheral blood‐derived stem cell (PBSC) collection following mobilization with G‐CSF failed, we successfully employed plerixafor in a 14‐year‐old female diagnosed with Ewing's sarcoma in early relapse treated with three lines of chemotherapy in whom PBSC could not be mobilized using either G‐CSF alone or G‐CSF following chemotherapy. No side effects were observed. Plerixafor may be an effective and safe agent for stem cell collection in pediatric patients with solid tumors, although new studies addressed to evaluate its effectiveness and safety are needed. J. Clin. Apheresis 27:260–262, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Some New Results on ‐Cyclic Patterned Starter Whist Tournaments and Related Frames
Authors: Hu Sihuang , Ge Gennian 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe whist tournament problem was introduced by Moore in 1896. To construct‐cyclic whist tournaments,‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournaments were introduced. The systematic research on‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournaments dates back to 1954. Recently,‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournament frames were shown to be instrumental in the constructions of‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournaments. In this paper, we develop some necessary conditions for the existence of‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournament frames and some new necessary conditions for the existence of‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournaments. An infinite family of‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournament frames is constructed through Weil's theorem on character sums. As a consequence, a new infinite family of‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournaments is obtained. In addition, we also give a near complete solution to the existence of‐cyclic patterned starter whist tournaments on no greater than 300 players.
Glucose transporter 2 expression is down regulated following P2X7 activation in enterocytes
Authors: Bourzac Jean‐François , L'Ériger Karine , Larrivée Jean‐François , Arguin Guillaume , Bilodeau Maude S. , Stankova Jana , Gendron Fernand‐Pierre 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWith the diabetes epidemic affecting the world population, there is an increasing demand for means to regulate glycemia. Dietary glucose is first absorbed by the intestine before entering the blood stream. Thus, the regulation of glucose absorption by intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) could represent a way to regulate glycemia. Among the molecules involved in glycemia homeostasis, extracellular ATP, a paracrine signaling molecule, was reported to induce insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells by activating P2Y and P2X receptors. In rat's jejunum, P2X7 expression was previously immunolocalized to the apex of villi, where it has been suspected to play a role in apoptosis. However, using an antibody recognizing the receptor extracellular domain and thus most of the P2X7 isoforms, we showed that expression of this receptor is apparent in the top two‐thirds of villi. These data suggest a different role for this receptor in IECs. Using the non‐cancerous IEC‐6 cells and differentiated Caco‐2 cells, glucose transport was reduced by more than 30% following P2X7 stimulation. This effect on glucose transport was not due to P2X7‐induced cell apoptosis, but rather was the consequence of glucose transporter 2 (Glut2)'s internalization. The signaling pathway leading to P2X7‐dependent Glut2 internalization involved the calcium‐independent activation of phospholipase Cγ1 (PLCγ1), PKCδ, and PKD1. Although the complete mechanism regulating Glut2 internalization following P2X7 activation is not fully understood, modulation of P2X7 receptor activation could represent an interesting approach to regulate intestinal glucose absorption. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 120–129, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacological inhibition of HSP90 and ras activity as a new strategy in the treatment of HNSCC
Authors: Misso Gabriella , Giuberti Gaia , Lombardi Angela , Grimaldi Anna , Ricciardiello Filippo , Giordano Antonio , Tagliaferri Pierosandro , Abbruzzese Alberto , Caraglia Michele 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAdvanced head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is currently treated with taxane‐based chemotherapy. We have previously shown that docetaxel (DTX) induces a ras‐dependent survival signal that can be antagonized by farnesyl transferase inhibitors (FTI) such as tipifarnib (TIP). Here we show that the synergistic TIP/DTX combination determines synergistic apoptotic conditions but, at the same time, it modulates the expression of the components of the multichaperone complex that is, in turn, involved in the regulation of the stability of members of the ras‐mediated pathway. Therefore, we have stably transfected HNSCC KB and Hep‐2 cells with a plasmid encoding for HSP90. The expression of the protein was increased in both transfected cell lines but its activation status was increased in Hep‐2 clones and decreased in KB clones. On the basis of these results, we have treated both parental and HSP90‐transfected cells with a HSP90 inhibitor geldanamycin (GA). We have found that the antiproliferative activity of GA is dependent upon the activation status of HSP90 and that it is strongly synergistic when added in combination with TIP but not with DTX in cells overexpressing HSP90 and even more in cells with increased HSP90 activity. These data were paralleled by the decreased expression and activity of the components belonging to the ras→mediated signal transduction pathway. The present results suggest that multichaperone complex activation could be a resistance mechanism to the anti‐proliferative and apoptotic effects induced by TIP and that the combination of FTIs such as TIP with GA could be a suitable therapeutic strategy in the treatment of HSP90‐overexpressing HNSCC. J. Cell. Physiol. 228: 130–141, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Predation by coyotes on white‐tailed deer neonates in South Carolina
Authors: Kilgo John C. , Ray H. Scott , Vukovich Mark , Goode Matthew J. , Ruth Charles 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCoyotes (Canis latrans) are novel predators throughout the southeastern United States and their depredation of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) neonates may explain observed declines in some deer populations in the region, but direct evidence for such a relationship is lacking. Our objective was to quantify neonate survival rates and causes of mortality at the United States Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS), South Carolina to directly evaluate degree of predation in this deer population. From 2006 to 2009, we radio‐monitored 91 neonates captured with the aid of vaginal implant transmitters in pregnant adult females and opportunistic searches. Overall Kaplan–Meier survival rate to 16 weeks of age was 0.230 (95% CI = 0.155–0.328), and it varied little among years. Our best‐fitting model estimated survival at 0.220 (95% CI = 0.144–0.320). This model included a quadratic time trend variable (lowest survival rate during the first week of life and increasing to near 1.000 around week 10), and Julian date of birth (survival probability declining as date of birth increased). Predation by coyotes was the most frequent cause of death among the 70 monitored neonates that died, definitively accounting for 37% of all mortalities and potentially accounting for as much as 80% when also including probable coyote predation. Predation by bobcats (Felis rufus) accounted for 7% (definitive) to 9% (including probable bobcat predation) of mortalities. The level of coyote‐induced mortality we observed is consistent with the low recruitment rates exhibited in the SRS deer population since establishment of coyotes at the site. If representative of recruitment rates across South Carolina, current harvest levels appear unsustainable. This understanding is consistent with the recent declining trend in the statewide deer population. The effects of coyote predation on recruitment should be considered when setting harvest goals, regardless of whether local deer population size is currently above or below desired levels, because coyotes can substantially reduce fawn recruitment. Published 2012. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
The subcutaneous melolabial island flap for nasal alar reconstruction: A clinical review with nuances in technique
Authors: Arden Richard L. , Miguel George S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To describe our experience with surgical reconstruction of whole subunit nasal alar skin losses following Mohs ablative surgery, using a subcutaneous melolabial island flap with emphasis on a simplified technique to minimize facial scarring and optimize facial contour.Study Design:Retrospective review of case series.Methods:A single surgeon's results in 48 consecutive patients spanning 7 years were analyzed by comprehensive chart review. Details of wound site and flap‐specific complications were noted. Favorable nuances in surgical technique differing from standard approaches are graphically described.Results:Loss of melolabial sulcal depth was the most commonly seen donor‐site complication (8%). No cases of flap compromise were seen. An unexpectedly high frequency of subjective nasal obstruction was seen (37%) after the second stage, more common when cartilage grafts were underutilized, and with through‐and‐through defects at inception. External contour was uniformly good to excellent.Conclusions:The described variation in subcutaneous melolabial island flap transfer provides reliable soft tissue replacement for whole subunit alar skin losses with favorable donor‐site scarring and resultant contour. Attention to proper utilization of supportive cartilage grafts and ancillary debulking procedures is often necessary to optimize functional outcomes. Laryngoscope, 2012
Poly (zinc phthalocyanine) Nanoribbons and Their Application in the High‐Sensitive Detection of Lead Ions
Authors: Deng Juan , Wang Bin , Shi Yubai , Song Qi , Wang Ali , Hao Long , Luo Bin , Li Xianglong , Wang Zhaohui , Wang Feng , Zhi Lin Jie 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNovel poly (zinc phthalocyanine) (poly(ZnPc)) nanoribbons have been obtained by polycyclotetramerization of bifunctional ZnPc monomers. The microstructures of poly(ZnPc) nanoribbons are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and thermalgravimetry. Due to its unique two‐dimensional structure and rich functionality, the poly(ZnPc) nanoribbons exhibit excellent sensitivity in detecting lead ions (Pb2+) by using anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) method, and the detection limit for Pb2+ is 10−10 mol L−1 in aqueous media, which is much attractive for the development of portable and highly sensitive heavy metal ion sensors.
The Fabrication, Properties, and Uses of Graphene/Polymer Composites
Authors: Du Jinhong , Cheng Hui‐Ming 
Published: May 2012

AbstractGraphene is a potential nanofiller that can dramatically improve the properties of polymer‐based composites at a very low loading. This article reviews the state‐of‐the‐art progress in the fabrication, properties, and uses of polymer composites with different kinds of graphene fillers. The results so far reported in the literature indicate that graphene/polymer composites are promising multifunctional materials with significantly improved tensile strength and elastic modulus, electrical and thermal conductivity, etc. Despite some challenges and the fact that carbon naotube/polymer composites are sometimes better in some particular performance, graphene/polymer composites may have wide potential applications due to their outstanding properties and the availability of graphene in a large quantity at low cost.
Prospective motion correction in brain imaging: A review
Authors: Maclaren Julian , Herbst Michael , Speck Oliver , Zaitsev Maxim 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMotion correction in magnetic resonance imaging by real‐time adjustment of the imaging pulse sequence was first proposed more than 20 years ago. Recent advances have resulted from combining real‐time correction with new navigator and external tracking mechanisms capable of quantifying rigid‐body motion in all 6 degrees of freedom. The technique is now often referred to as “prospective motion correction.” This article describes the fundamentals of prospective motion correction and reviews the latest developments in its application to brain imaging and spectroscopy. Although emphasis is placed on the brain as the organ of interest, the same principles apply whenever the imaged object can be approximated as a rigid body. Prospective motion correction can be used with most MR sequences, so it has potential to make a large impact in clinical routine. To maximize the benefits obtained from the technique, there are, however, several challenges still to be met. These include practical implementation issues, such as obtaining tracking data with minimal delay, and more fundamental problems, such as the magnetic field distortions caused by a moving object. This review discusses these challenges and summarizes the state of the art. We hope that this work will motivate further developments in prospective motion correction and help the technique to reach its full potential. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.