bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integration of RF inductors and filters on mesoporous silicon isolation layers
Authors: Billoué Jérôme , Gautier Gaël , Ventura Laurent 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we present electrochemical etching conditions to obtain thick mesoporous silicon electrical insulating layers for RF applications from high resistivity substrates (30–50 Ω cm). We present the realization and the characterization of spiral inductors on thick mesoporous silicon layers. Indeed, PSi layers reduce significantly the resistive and capacitive losses of the substrate, so, quality factor and resonant frequencies are improved for integrated inductors. In complement, we develop the integration of such devices in notch filters and we show the first measurement results on 100 µm thick mesoporous silicon layers.
Calibration of prior variance in the Bayesian continual reassessment method
Authors: Lee Shing M. , Cheung Ying Kuen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe continual reassessment method (CRM) is an adaptive model‐based design used to estimate the maximum tolerated dose in phase I clinical trials. Asymptotically, the method has been shown to select the correct dose given that certain conditions are satisfied. When sample size is small, specifying a reasonable model is important. While an algorithm has been proposed for the calibration of the initial guesses of the probabilities of toxicity, the calibration of the prior distribution of the parameter for the Bayesian CRM has not been addressed. In this paper, we introduce the concept of least informative prior variance for a normal prior distribution. We also propose two systematic approaches to jointly calibrate the prior variance and the initial guesses of the probability of toxicity at each dose. The proposed calibration approaches are compared with existing approaches in the context of two examples via simulations. The new approaches and the previously proposed methods yield very similar results since the latter used appropriate vague priors. However, the new approaches yield a smaller interval of toxicity probabilities in which a neighboring dose may be selected. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Discovering herbal functional groups of traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: He Ping , Deng Ke , Liu Zhihai , Liu Delin , Liu Jun S. , Geng Zhi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractFor the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), a prescription for a patient often contains several herbs. Some herbs are often used together in prescriptions, and these herbs can be considered as a functional group. In this paper, we propose an approach for discovering herbal functional groups from a large set of prescriptions recorded in TCM books. These functional groups are allowed to overlap with each other. Our approach is validated with a simulation study and applied to a data set containing thousands of TCM prescriptions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A demand‐driven approach to slicing legacy COBOL systems
Authors: Hajnal Ákos , Forgács István 
Published: March 2011

SUMMARYMaintenance of aging legacy COBOL systems is labor‐intensive and is becoming a more and more difficult problem. Program slicing is a potentially useful analysis for aiding different maintenance activities, including program comprehension, reverse engineering, debugging, and testing. Numerous techniques have been proposed in the past decades; however, in interactive contexts, we found none of them suitable for slicing industrial‐scale COBOL systems due to their large space or preprocessing requirements. This paper proposes a novel static program slicing approach, which is based on context‐sensitive token propagation over control flow graphs (CFGs). CFGs require less space compared with program dependence graphs (PDGs) used by other techniques, and the token propagation method computes the necessary information only, on demand. Algorithms are presented for data flow and full slicing to calculate precise program slices. Preliminary application experiences on industrial‐scale COBOL systems are also summarized. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reliability assessment based on hazard rate model for an embedded OSS porting‐phase
Authors: Tamura Yoshinobu , Yamada Shigeru 
Published: March 2011

SUMMARYEmbedded Open Source Software (OSS) systems have been gaining a lot of attention in the embedded system area. The successful experience of embedded OSSs include Android, BusyBox, TRON, etc. Also, OSS market will be expanded not only to mobile phone OSS areas but also to other embedded OSS areas in the future. However, the poor handling of quality problem and customer support prohibit the progress of embedded OSS. Also, it is difficult for developers to assess the reliability and portability of embedded OSS on a single‐board computer. A method of software reliability assessment based on flexible hazard rate modeling for the embedded OSS is proposed in this paper. Also, several numerical examples are shown by using actual data. Moreover, this paper compares the proposed model with the conventional hazard rate models by using the comparison criteria of goodness‐of‐fit. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Is adjustment to retirement an individual responsibility? Socio-contextual conditions and options available to retired persons: the Korean perspective
Authors: YANG YUNJEONG 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTAlthough the socio-economic and structural contexts of retirement have been the subject of previous research, few studies state explicitly how societal ageism and structural constraints obstruct retired persons' choices or options available in post-retirement life. This study attempts to contribute to the literature of ageing, retirement, and wellbeing in later life in general, by providing real examples of ageism around the time of retirement as structural constraints of old persons. It also illustrates how they consequently reduce the choices of retired persons, and in turn affect their later life. The study draws on data from interviews with 34 retirees aged in their late fifties and sixties in Korea. Within the socio-economic context of ageism around the time of retirement, four options/strategies appear to be available; namely reconciling, complaining and not knowing what to do, finding roles in other activities, and disengaging. Older persons' decisions to continue to work after retirement are often reconciling ones, that is, taken within a context of limited choice and control. Permanent leavers' decisions not to work are also influenced by the limited quality of work available in the labour market. The study concludes by arguing that policies for older persons should take into consideration their diverse expectations and aspirations for their later life, but, at the same time, should remain aware of their constraints within socio-economic contexts.
Poverty Variations among the Elderly: The Roles of Income Security Policies and Family Co-Residence
Authors: Kaida Lisa , Boyd Monica 
Published: March 2011

RÉSUMÉMalgré un déclin rapide depuis les années 1970, la pauvreté parmi les immigrants âgées demeure toujours élevée. Utilisant le recensement canadien de la population en 2006, cet article décrit les différences des taux de pauvreté des vieillards immigrants comparé aux ceux nés au Canada. Les résultats de l’analyse logistique de régression suggèrent qu’une grande partie du haut taux de pauvreté parmi les immigrants âgés est dû au manque, ou à l’insuffisance, d’appui financier du gouvernement. Néanmoins, la pauvreté élevée parmi les immigrants âgés est atténuée par l’aide financière de leurs familles. Cet article conclut en mettant l’emphase sur le rôle que la famille peut jouer pour contrer la pauvreté qui fait face aux vieillards immigrants, et en évaluant deux mécanismes d’intervention du gouvernement qui pourraient améliorer le bien-être économique des immigrants âgés.
Conceptual and Measurement Challenges in Research on Cognitive Reserve
Authors: Jones Richard N. , Manly Jennifer , Glymour M. Maria , Rentz Dorene M. , Jefferson Angela L. , Stern Yaakov 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCognitive reserve, broadly conceived, encompasses aspects of brain structure and function that optimize individual performance in the presence of injury or pathology. Reserve is defined as a feature of brain structure and/or function that modifies the relationship between injury or pathology and performance on neuropsychological tasks or clinical outcomes. Reserve is challenging to study for two reasons. The first is: reserve is a hypothetical construct, and direct measures of reserve are not available. Proxy variables and latent variable models are used to attempt to operationalize reserve. The second is:in vivomeasures of neuronal pathology are not widely available. It is challenging to develop and test models involving a risk factor (injury or pathology), a moderator (reserve) and an outcome (performance or clinical status) when neither the risk factor nor the moderator are measured directly. We discuss approaches for quantifying reserve with latent variable models, with emphasis on their application in the analysis of data from observational studies. Increasingly latent variable models are used to generate composites of cognitive reserve based on multiple proxies. We review the theoretical and ontological status of latent variable modeling approaches to cognitive reserve, and suggest research strategies for advancing the field. (JINS, 2011,17, 593–601)
Rapid shifts in picoeukaryote community structure in response to ocean acidification
Authors: Meakin Nicholas G , Wyman Michael 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Rapid shifts in picoeukaryote community structure were observed during a CO2 perturbation experiment in which we followed the development of phytoplankton blooms in nutrient-amended mesocosms under the present day or predicted future atmospheric pCO2 (750 μatm, seawater pH 7.8). Analysis of rbcL clone libraries (encoding the large subunit of RubisCO) and specific quantitative PCR assays showed that two prasinophytes closely related to Micromonas pusilla and Bathycoccus prasinos were present, but responded very differently to high CO2/acidification. We found that the abundance of Micromonas-like phylotypes was significantly higher (&gt;20-fold) under elevated CO2/low pH, whereas the Bathycoccus-like phylotypes were more evenly distributed between treatments and dominated the prasinophyte community under ambient conditions.
Seasonal bloom dynamics and ecophysiology of the freshwater sister clade of SAR11 bacteria ‘that rule the waves’ (LD12)
Authors: Salcher Michaela M , Pernthaler Jakob , Posch Thomas 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Alphaproteobacteria are common members of marine bacterioplankton assemblages, but are believed to be rare in lacustrine systems. However, uncultured Alphaproteobacteria of the freshwater LD12 lineage form a tight monophyletic sister group with the numerically dominant bacteria in marine epipelagic waters, the SAR11 clade or genus Pelagibacter. Comparative rRNA sequence analysis reveals a global occurrence of LD12 bacteria in freshwater systems. The association of genotypic subclades with single-study systems moreover suggests a regional diversification. LD12 bacteria exhibit distinct and annually recurring spatio-temporal distribution patterns in prealpine lakes, as assessed by seasonally resolved vertical profiling and high-throughput cell counting. During the summer months, these ultramicrobacteria can form cell densities in the surface (epilimnetic) water layers that are comparable to those of their marine counterparts (&gt;5 × 108 cells per l). LD12 bacteria had a pronounced preference for glutamine and glutamate over 7 other amino acids in situ, and they exhibited substantially higher uptake of these two substrates (and glycine) than the microbial assemblage in general. In addition, members of LD12 were also able to exploit other monomeric sources of organic carbon such as glucose, fructose or acetate. LD12 seemed to follow an oligotrophic lifestyle with slow but efficient uptake already at low substrate concentrations. Thus, LD12 bacteria do not only share phenotypic and metabolic traits with Pelagibacter, but also seem to thrive in the analogous spatiotemporal niche in freshwaters. The two groups together form one of the rare monophyletic lineages of ultramicrobacteria that have successfully traversed the barrier between marine and freshwater habitats.
Functional analysis of Dictyostelium IBARa reveals a conserved role of the I-BAR domain in endocytosis
Authors: Veltman Douwe M. , Auciello Giulio , Spence Heather J. , Machesky Laura M. , Rappoport Joshua Z. , Insall Robert H. 
Published: March 2011

I-BAR (inverse-Bin/amphiphysin/Rvs)-domain-containing proteins such as IRSp53 (insulin receptor substrate of 53 kDa) associate with outwardly curved membranes and connect them to proteins involved in actin dynamics. Research on I-BAR proteins has focussed on possible roles in filopod and lamellipod formation, but their full physiological function remains unclear. The social amoeba Dictyostelium encodes a single I-BAR/SH3 (where SH3 is Src homology 3) protein, called IBARa, along with homologues of proteins that interact with IRSp53 family proteins in mammalian cells, providing an excellent model to study its cellular function. Disruption of the gene encoding IBARa leads to a mild defect in development, but filopod and pseudopod dynamics are unaffected. Furthermore, ectopically expressed IBARa does not induce filopod formation and does not localize to filopods. Instead, IBARa associates with clathrin puncta immediately before they are endocytosed. This role is conserved: human BAIAP2L2 (brain-specific angiogenesis inhibitor 1-associated protein 2-like 2) also tightly co-localizes with clathrin plaques, although its homologues IRSp53 and IRTKS (insulin receptor tyrosine kinase substrate) associate with other punctate structures. The results from the present study suggest that I-BAR-containing proteins help generate the mem-brane curvature required for endocytosis and implies an unexpected role for IRSp53 family proteins in vesicle trafficking.
Severe Pediatric Rumination Syndrome: Successful Interdisciplinary Inpatient Management
Authors: Green Alex D , Alioto Anthony , Mousa Hayat , Di Lorenzo Carlo 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTBackground:Rumination syndrome is a condition that occurs when people constantly regurgitate and expel or reswallow food soon after they eat. The most severe cases of rumination syndrome can be debilitating, requiring total parenteral nutrition or enteral tube feedings. We report our experience with the treatment of children with severe rumination syndrome.Patients and Methods:Five patients with severe rumination syndrome received a novel inpatient interdisciplinary approach, which involved pediatric psychology, pediatric gastroenterology, clinical nutrition, child life, therapeutic recreation, and massage therapy.Results:Inpatient hospitalization lasted between 9 and 13 days. The treatment was successful in all 5 of the patients. They left with complete caloric intake orally.Conclusions:This treatment protocol could benefit pediatric gastroenterologists, pediatricians, and child psychologists in managing both standard and severe cases of rumination syndrome.
Interleukin-7 matures suppressive CD127+ forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)+ T cells into CD127- CD25high FoxP3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Di Caro V , D'Anneo A , Phillips B , Engman C , Harnaha J , Lakomy R , Styche A , Trucco M , Giannoukakis N 
Published: March 2011

Summary
We have identified a novel interleukin (IL)-7-responsive T cell population [forkhead box P3 (FoxP3+) CD4+ CD25+ CD127+] that is comparably functionally suppressive to conventional FoxP3+ CD4+ CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs). Although IL-2 is the most critical cytokine for thymic development of FoxP3+ Tregs, in the periphery other cytokines can be compensatory. CD25+ CD127+ T cells treated with IL-7 phenotypically ‘matured’ into the known ‘classical’ FoxP3+ CD4+ CD25highCD127- FoxP3+ Tregs. In freshly isolated splenocytes, the highest level of FoxP3 expression was found in CD127+ CD25+ T cells when compared with CD127- CD25+ or CD127+ CD25- cells. IL-7 treatment of CD4+ CD25+ T cells induced an increase in the accumulation of FoxP3 in the nucleus in vitro. IL-7-mediated CD25 cell surface up-regulation was accompanied by a concurrent down-regulation of CD127 in vitro. IL-7 treatment of the CD127+ CD25+ FoxP3+ cells also resulted in up-regulation of cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 without any changes in CD45RA at the cell surface. Collectively, these data support emerging evidence that FoxP3+ T cells expressing CD127 are comparably functionally suppressive to CD25+ CD127- FoxP3+ T cells. This IL-7-sensitive regulation of FoxP3+ Treg phenotype could underlie one peripheral non-IL-2-dependent compensatory mechanism of Treg survival and functional activity, particularly for adaptive Tregs in the control of autoimmunity or suppression of activated effector T cells.
Dextran sulphate sodium increases splenic Gr1+CD11b+ cells which accelerate recovery from colitis following intravenous transplantation
Authors: Zhang R , Ito S , Nishio N , Cheng Z , Suzuki H , Isobe K-I 
Published: March 2011

Summary
While Gr1+CD11b+ cells are known to regulate immune responses and accumulate in most cancer tissues, the function of Gr1+CD11b+ cells in inflammation is poorly understood. We investigated the role of Gr1+CD11b+ cells in a dextran sulphate sodium (DSS)-treated mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC). C57BL/6 mice were treated with 2% DSS in drinking water for 5 days. Disease progression and recovery were assessed by body weight, disease activity index score (DAI) score and colon length. Splenic Gr1+CD11b+ cell number was greatly increased during the recovery phase of DSS-induced colitis. DSS-derived splenic Gr1+CD11b+ cells were administered intravenously to recipient (C57BL/6) mice during the early phase of DSS treatment. The transplanted splenic DSS-induced Gr1+CD11b+ cells improved DSS-induced colitis and promoted efficient colonic mucosal healing. We found that the CD11b+ single positive cells increased in the course of DSS-induced colitis in lamina propria. The transplantation of splenic Gr1+CD11b+ cells induced feedback suppression of myeloid-lineage cell development. Namely, the transplantation of splenic Gr1+CD11b+ cells greatly suppressed the migration of CD11b+ single positive cells to the lamina propria. Further, transplantation of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells greatly suppressed the increase of the same population, especially during the late phase of DSS colitis both in spleen and bone marrow.
High temperature reduces apple fruit colour via modulation of the anthocyanin regulatory complex
Authors: LIN‐WANG KUI , MICHELETTI DIEGO , PALMER JOHN , VOLZ RICHARD , LOZANO LIDIA , ESPLEY RICHARD , HELLENS ROGER P. , CHAGNÈ DAVID , ROWAN DARYL D. , TROGGIO MICHELA , IGLESIAS IGNASI , ALLAN ANDREW C. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe biosynthesis of anthocyanin in many plants is affected by environmental conditions. In apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.), concentrations of fruit anthocyanins are lower under hot climatic conditions. We examined the anthocyanin accumulation in the peel of maturing ‘Mondial Gala’ and ‘Royal Gala’ apples, grown in both temperate and hot climates, and using artificial heating of on‐tree fruit. Heat caused a dramatic reduction of both peel anthocyanin concentration and transcripts of the genes of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway. Heating fruit rapidly reduced expression of the R2R3 MYB transcription factor (MYB10) responsible for coordinative regulation for red skin colour, as well as expression of other genes in the transcriptional activation complex. A single night of low temperatures is sufficient to elicit a large increase in transcription of MYB10 and consequently the biosynthetic pathway. Candidate genes that can repress anthocyanin biosynthesis did not appear to be responsible for reductions in anthocyanin content. We propose that temperature‐induced regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis is primarily caused by altered transcript levels of the activating anthocyanin regulatory complex.
Sex‐ratio variation and maternal investment in relation to social environment among farmed silver‐fox vixens (Vulpes vulpes) of high competition capacity
Authors: Bakken M. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryThe sex ratio and body weights of offspring from 13 non‐infanticidal farmed silver‐fox vixens of high‐competition capacity (HCC), reared under two different neighbouring conditions, were measured. Seven vixens had other HCC vixens as neighbours, whereas the other group had neighbouring vixens of low‐competition capacity (LCC). The vixens with LCC neighbours gave birth to and weaned more cubs, with a significantly higher proportion of males (73%), and female cubs of a relatively better quality at 30 days of age (female cubs on average 11 g heavier than their brothers), than the vixens with HCC neighbours (31% males, female cubs on average 79 g lighter than their brothers). This study indicates sex‐ratio regulation in relation to social environment among farmed silver‐fox vixens of high‐competition capacity. The results are discussed in relation to the future behavioural and reproductive consequences for the female cubs.ZusammenfassungVariabilität des Geschlechtsverhältnisses und maternaler Investition in Bezug zur sozialen Umwelt von Farm‐Silberfuchsweibchen (Vulpes vulpes) starker Wettbewerbskapazität.Geschlechtsverhältnis und Körpergewicht von Nachkommen von 13 nicht‐infantiziden Silberfüchsinnnen starker Wettbewerbskapazität (ACC) wurden unter zwei unterschiedlichen Nachbarverhältnissen beobachtet. Insgesamt sieben Füchsinnen hatten ander HCC Füchsinnen als Nachbarn, während bei der anderen Gruppe die benachbarten Weibchen geringe Wettbewerbskapazität (LCC) gezeigt hatten. Letztere hatten größere Würfe und setzten mehr Junge ab mit signifikant höherem Anteil von männlichen (73%) und die weiblichen Jungen hatten relativ bessere Qualität bei 30 Tagen Alter (11 g schwerer als ihre Brüder). Füchsinnen mit HCC Nachbarn (31% männlich, weibliche Junge im Durchschnitt 79 g leichter als ihre Brüder) zeigten deutlich schlechtere Muttereigenschaften. Die Untersuchung weist auf Geschlechtsverhältnisregulationen in Bezug zur sozialen Umwelt von Silberfuchsweibchen hoher Wettbewerbskapazität. Ergebnisse werden in Bezug gesetzt zu zukünftigem Verhalten und zu reproduktiven Konsequenzen für die weiblichen Jungen.
Properties of a Bayesian approach to detect QTL compared to the flanking markers regression method
Authors: Scheler P. , Mangin B. , Goffinet B. , Roy P. Le , Boichard D. , Elsen J. M. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryA Bayesian approach to map Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) is compared to the flanking markers regression method (asymptotically equivalent to the traditional Interval Mapping method) using simulated backcross data. The main part consists of a comparison of the properties for a one QTL model. The Bayesian approach gives less biases and more accurate estimates of the genetic effect and significance thresholds close to χ2 quantiles when the number of individuals and markers become large. The behaviour of both approaches in the case of two linked QTL is mentioned.ZusammenfassungEigenschaften eines BAYES Ansatz zur QTL Identifikation im Vergleich zur flankierende Marker Regressions‐Methode.Der Bayes Ansatz zur Kartierung von Quantitativen Merkmals Loci (QTL) wurde mittels simulierter Rückkreuzungsdaten mit der Flankierenden Marker Regressionsmethode (asymptotisch äquivalent mit der traditionellen Intervall Markierung) verglichen. Es werden hauptsächlich die Eigenschaften für ein ein‐QTL Modell geprüft. Der Bayes Ansatz ergibt weniger verzerrte und genauere Schätz‐werte der genetischen Wirkung und Signifikanz Schwellen nahe den χ2 Quantilen bei großen Individuen und Marker Zahlen. Die Eigenschaften beider Ansätze im Falle von zwei gekoppelten QTL werden erwähnt.