bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A regularity criterion to the biharmonic map heat flow in ℜ4
Authors: Fan Jishan , Gao Hongjun , Ogawa Takayoshi , Takahashi Futoshi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe consider the regularity problem under the critical condition to the biharmonic map heat flow from ℜ4 to a smooth compact Riemannian manifold without boundary. Using Gagliardo‐Nirenberg inequalities and delicate estimates, the Serrin type regularity criterion for the smooth solutions of biharmonic map heat flow is obtained without assuming a smallness condition on the initial energy. Our result improved the results of Lamm in 5 and 6 and generalized the results of Chang, Wang, Yang 1, Strzelecki 11 and Wang 13, 14 to non‐stationary case.
HyperCEST detection of a 129Xe‐based contrast agent composed of cryptophane‐A molecular cages on a bacteriophage scaffold
Authors: Stevens Todd K. , Palaniappan Krishnan K. , Ramirez R. Matthew , Francis Matthew B. , Wemmer David E. , Pines Alex 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA hyperpolarized 129Xe contrast agent composed of many cryptophane‐A molecular cages assembled on an M13 bacteriophage has been demonstrated. Saturation of xenon bound in the large number of cryptophane cages is transferred to the pool of aqueous‐solvated xenon via chemical exchange, resulting in efficient generation of hyperCEST contrast. No significant loss of contrast per cryptophane cage was observed for the multivalent phage when compared with unscaffolded cryptophane. Detection of this phage‐based hyperCEST agent is reported at concentrations as low as 230 fM, representing the current lower limit for NMR/MRI‐based contrast agents. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gadgetron: An open source framework for medical image reconstruction
Authors: Hansen Michael Schacht , Sørensen Thomas Sangild 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis work presents a new open source framework for medical image reconstruction called the “Gadgetron.” The framework implements a flexible system for creating streaming data processing pipelines where data pass through a series of modules or “Gadgets” from raw data to reconstructed images. The data processing pipeline is configured dynamically at run‐time based on an extensible markup language configuration description. The framework promotes reuse and sharing of reconstruction modules and new Gadgets can be added to the Gadgetron framework through a plugin‐like architecture without recompiling the basic framework infrastructure. Gadgets are typically implemented in C/C++, but the framework includes wrapper Gadgets that allow the user to implement new modules in the Python scripting language for rapid prototyping. In addition to the streaming framework infrastructure, the Gadgetron comes with a set of dedicated toolboxes in shared libraries for medical image reconstruction. This includes generic toolboxes for data‐parallel (e.g., GPU‐based) execution of compute‐intensive components. The basic framework architecture is independent of medical imaging modality, but this article focuses on its application to Cartesian and non‐Cartesian parallel magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Late profound muscle weakness following heart transplantation due to danon disease
Authors: Van Der Starre Pieter , Deuse Tobias , Pritts Chad , Brun Carlos , Vogel Hannes , Oyer Philip 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Postoperative muscle weakness is a serious complication in surgical intensive care patients. It is mostly described as critical illness polyneuromyopathy. Risk factors include intensive care length of stay, sepsis, poor glycemic control, and combined use of corticosteroids and neuromuscular blocking agents, malnutrition, and electrolyte imbalance. Methods: We report a case of late‐progressive, profound weakness after heart transplantation for noncompaction cardiomyopathy which required prolonged mechanical ventilation. The patient's muscle strength recovered completely after prolonged rehabilitation. Results: Electromyographic assessment showed myopathy. Muscle biopsy revealed Danon disease, a genetic disorder affecting the lysosomal‐associated membrane protein 2 gene (LAMP2). Conclusions: The finding of this genetic disorder was unexpected, because the preoperative echocardiographic diagnosis of noncompaction cardiomyopathy has not been reported in Danon disease. This report underlines the need for early availability of pathology results from the explanted heart, which showed the same disorder. Muscle Nerve, 2013
A progressive translational mouse model of human valosin‐containing protein disease: The VCPR155H/+ mouse
Authors: Nalbandian Angèle , Llewellyn Katrina J. , Badadani Mallikarjun , Yin Hong Z. , Nguyen Christopher , Katheria Veeral , Watts Giles , Mukherjee Jogeshwar , Vesa Jouni , Caiozzo Vincent , Mozaffar Tahseen , Weiss John H. , Kimonis Virginia E. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Mutations in the valosin‐containing protein (VCP) gene cause hereditary inclusion body myopathy (IBM) associated with Paget disease of bone (PDB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). More recently, these mutations have been linked to 2% of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) cases. A knock‐in mouse model offers the opportunity to study VCP‐associated pathogenesis.Methods:The VCPR155H/+ knock‐in mouse model was assessed for muscle strength and immunohistochemical, Western blot, apoptosis, autophagy, and microPET/CT imaging analyses.Results:VCPR155H/+ mice developed significant progressive muscle weakness, and the quadriceps and brain developed progressive cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP‐43, ubiquitin‐positive inclusion bodies, and increased LC3‐II staining. MicroCT analyses revealed Paget‐like lesions at the ends of long bones. Spinal cord demonstrated neurodegenerative changes, ubiquitin, and TDP‐43 pathology of motor neurons.Conclusions:VCPR155H/+ knock‐in mice represent an excellent preclinical model for understanding VCP‐associated disease mechanisms and future treatments. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Muscle force development after low‐frequency magnetic burst stimulation in dogs
Authors: Emrich Daniela , Fischer Andrea , Altenhöfer Caroline , Weyh Thomas , Helling Florian , Goetz Stefan , Brielmeier Markus , Matiasek Kaspar 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroduction:Magnetic stimulation allows for painless and non‐invasive extrinsic motor nerve stimulation. Despite several advantages, the limited coupling to the target reduces the application of magnetic pulses in rehabilitation. According to experience with electrical stimulation, magnetic bursts could remove this constraint.Methods:A novel burst stimulator was used to apply single and burst pulses to the femoral nerve in 10 adult dogs. A figure‐of‐eight coil was connected, and pulses were applied at 7.5 HZ. Contractions of the quadriceps muscle were measured via an angle force transducer.Results:Muscle forces were significantly higher upon burst stimulation than after single pulses. Four consecutive burst pulses proved most effective. Stimulation by more bursts resulted in fatigue.Conclusion:Burst stimulation is superior to standard magnetic single pulses, and 4 consecutive burst pulses proved most effective. Muscle Nerve, 2012
Second moment constraints and the control problem of Markov jump linear systems
Authors: Vargas Alessandro N. , Furloni Walter , do Val João B.R. 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYThis paper addresses the optimal solution for the regulator control problem of Markov jump linear systems subject to second moment constraints. We can characterize and obtain the solution explicitly using linear matrix inequalities techniques. The constraints are imposed on the second moment of both the system state and control vector, and the optimal solution is obtained in a computable form. To illustrate the usefulness of the approach, specially that for systems subject to abrupt variations and physical limitations, we present an application for one joint of the European Robotic Arm. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combined numerical/experimental investigation of particle diameter and interphase effects on coefficient of thermal expansion and young's modulus of SiO2/epoxy nanocomposites
Authors: Jang Jae‐Soon , Bouveret Benoît , Suhr Jonghwan , Gibson Ronald F. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA combined numerical/experimental approach is used to study the effects of the particle/matrix interphase on the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and Young's modulus of SiO2/epoxy nanocomposites having nanoparticle reinforcements of different sizes. Our experiments showed that the composite CTE decreases and composite Young's modulus increases with decreasing nanoparticle diameter at the same volume fraction, but our finite element (FE) model predictions did not match the expected trends when the interphase was not accounted for. The new models include an interphase region around the nanoparticle which results in an “effective particle volume fraction” that is larger than the actual particle volume fraction. The results from the models are compared with the experimental results and the new models are accurately fitted to the experimental results using the interphase thickness as a curve‐fitting parameter. We believe that this is the first published report on the use of combined numerical/experimental investigations of both elastic stiffness and thermal expansion characteristics to demonstrate the existence of a particle size‐dependent “effective particle volume fraction” due to the particle/matrix interphase region in a nanoparticle‐reinforced composite. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers
Thermodynamic stability and electronic properties of F‐ and Cl‐terminated diamond
Authors: Tiwari Amit K. , Goss J. P. , Briddon P. R. , Wright N. G. , Horsfall A. B. , Jones R. , Pinto H. , Rayson M. J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe chemical termination of diamond has important consequences for its electrical and chemical properties. Despite the impressive potential for various scientific and technological applications, halogen termination of diamond is not fully understood. We find using first principle atomistic simulation that 100% fluorinated diamond (100) surface exhibit a chemically stable positive electron affinity of 2.13 eV, whereas 100% chlorination is energetically unfavourable. The positive electron affinity of halogenated diamond generally increases with increasing surface coverage. For mixed halogen and hydrogen termination, a wide range of negative and positive electron affinities can be achieved theoretically by varying the relative concentrations of adsorbed species.
Bromine functionalisation of diamond: An ab initio study
Authors: Tiwari Amit K. , Goss J. P. , Briddon P. R. , Wright N. G. , Horsfall A. B. , Rayson M. J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractImmobilisation of organic molecules on diamond surfaces is of great interest for biomedical applications. While H, F and Cl terminations, as a linker, have been studied extensively, the bromination of diamond is not fully understood. We have performed ab initio simulations to investigate the chemisorption of Br onto C‐ and H‐terminated diamond (100) surfaces. We find that due to steric interaction, 100% surface coverage of Br is not stable, however, surface coverage up to around 50% is theoretically achievable. The chemisorption energies corresponding to lower surface coverages of Br are found comparable to those of hydrogen. Partial surface coverages (25 and 50%) of Br on C‐terminated diamond exhibit nearly equal positive electron affinities of 0.45 and 0.52 eV, respectively. Addition of hydrogen reduces the electron affinity and for 25% of Br on an otherwise H‐terminated surface, a negative electron affinity of 0.57 eV is calculated.
Effect of different surface coverages of transition metals on the electronic and structural properties of diamond
Authors: Tiwari Amit K. , Goss J. P. , Briddon P. R. , Wright N. G. , Horsfall A. B. , Rayson M. J. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe presence of adsorbate species on diamond surfaces, even in relatively small concentrations, strongly influences electrical, chemical and structural properties. Despite the technological significance, coverage of diamond by transition metals has received relatively little attention. In this paper, we present the results of density functional calculations examining up to a mono‐layer of transition metals on the (001) diamond surface. We find that addition of carbide forming species, such as Ti, results in significantly higher adsorption energies at all surface coverages relative to non‐carbide forming species. For monolayer coverage by Cu, and sub‐monolayer coverage by Ti, we find a negative electron affinity. We propose that based upon the electron affinities and binding energies, metal‐terminated (001) diamond surfaces are promising candidates for electron emission device applications.
A novel passive/active hybrid robot for orthopaedic trauma surgery
Authors: Kuang Shaolong , Leung Kwok‐sui , Wang Tianmiao , Hu Lei , Chui Elvis , Liu Wenyong , Wang Yu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractBackgroundImage guided navigation systems (IGNS) have been implemented successfully in orthopaedic trauma surgery procedures because of their ability to help surgeons position and orient hand‐held drills at optimal entry points. However, current IGNS cannot prevent drilling tools or instruments from slipping or deviating from the planned trajectory during the drilling process. A method is therefore needed to overcome such problems.MethodsA novel passive/active hybrid robot (the HybriDot) for positioning and supporting surgical tools and instruments while drilling and/or cutting in orthopaedic trauma surgery is presented in this paper. This new robot, consisting of a circular prismatic joint and five passive/active back‐drivable joints, is designed to fulfill clinical needs. In this paper, a system configuration and three operational modes are introduced and analyzed. Workspace and layout in the operating theatre (OT) are also analyzed in order to validate the structure design. Finally, experiments to evaluate the feasibility of the robot system are described.ResultsAnalysis, simulation, and experimental results show that the novel structure of the robot can provide an appropriate workspace without risk of collision within OT environments during operation. The back‐drivable joint mechanism can provide surgeons with more safety and flexibility in operational modes. The mean square value of the positional accuracy of this robot is 0.811 mm, with a standard deviation (SD) of 0.361 mm; the orientation is accurate to within 2.186º, with a SD of 0.932º. Trials on actual patients undergoing surgery for distal locking of intramedullary nails were successfully conducted in one pass using the robot.ConclusionThis robot has the advantages of having an appropriate workspace, being well designed for human–robot cooperation, and having high accuracy, sufficient rigidity, and easy deployability within the OT for use in common orthopaedic trauma surgery tasks such as screw fixation and drilling assistance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Developing an Eclipse editor for MARC records using Xtext
Authors: Surla Bojana Dimić 
Published: July 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, we present the idea of developing an editor for MAchine‐Readable Cataloguing records that is part of a library management system. The idea was realized and implemented as a part of the library management system BISIS. The objective was to generate an Eclipse plug‐in of the editor in an Xtext environment by specifying the Xtext grammar and generating an Eclipse Modelling Framework model of the MAchine‐Readable Cataloguing record. The next step was to specify additional features of the editor in the Xtext environment such as content assist and constraints on the record used for checking the correctness of the input. The implementation of additional functionalities of the editor was carried out in the Eclipse plug‐in development environment, and user interface components were implemented by using Standard Widget Toolkit and JFace libraries. A special emphasis is placed on the Eclipse extension model that relies on the Open Services Gateway initiative standard and enables efficient implementation of the systems with a component‐based, service‐oriented architecture. We took advantage of that model and created an extensible and adoptable application that can be used by any database management system and can be integrated in other library management systems. Finally, we discuss a possible way of extracting applications from Eclipse by using Rich Client Platform technology. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Total Oxygen Content on the Machinability of Low Carbon Resulfurized Free Cutting Steel
Authors: Liu Haitao , Chen Weiqing 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe effect of total oxygen content on the machinability of low carbon resulfurized free cutting steel was studied by means of machinability tests, metallographic, and scanning electron microscopy observation. The results showed that the total oxygen content had a notable effect on the machinability of SAE 1215 steel. The best machinability of the steel in terms of tool life and surface roughness could be obtained by controlling the total oxygen content at 0.0105 and 0.0125 wt%. When total oxygen content in the steel was less than 0.0105 wt%, the machinability of the steel was increased with the increase of total oxygen content because of the significant reduction of the aspect ratio of MnS inclusions. However, when total oxygen content in the steel was more than 0.0125 wt%, the machinability of the steel was deteriorated dramatically with the increase of total oxygen content, which was attributed to that the amount and the size of oxide inclusions (MnO–Al2O3, MnO–SiO2, and 2MnO–SiO2) with high hardness and high melting point both had a significant increase, and some MnS inclusions were also wrapped by the MnO–SiO2 and 2MnO–SiO2 hard oxides. Furthermore, the tool wear would reach the maximum when total oxygen in the steel rose to 0.0150 wt%.
An in‐Depth Model‐Based Analysis of Decarburization in the AOD Process
Authors: Andersson Nils Å. I. , Tilliander Anders , Jonsson Lage T. I. , Jönsson Pär G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA previously reported flow and reaction model for an argon‐oxygen decarburization converter was extended to also include a thermodynamic description. An in‐depth study of the model results has been conducted to answer how concentrations of elements and species in the converter at different locations change with time. This may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of the refining procedure in the argon‐oxygen decarburization process. The refining procedure includes several step‐wise changes of an injected gas composition to higher and higher inert gas ratio, called step changes. A step change leads to a decreased partial pressure of carbon monoxide and maintains the decarburization at a higher efficiency. The results shows early and late concentration profiles for the first injection step and suggests a way to determine when a step change should be made. Moreover, the step change could be determined by calculating the carbon concentration profiles and deciding when the carbon concentration gradients start to diminish.
The Development of Boronic Acids as Sensors and Separation Tools
Authors: Fossey John S. , D'Hooge Francois , van den Elsen Jean M. H. , Pereira Morais Marta P. , Pascu Sofia I. , Bull Steven D. , Marken Frank , Jenkins A. Toby A. , Jiang Yun‐Bao , James Tony D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSynthetic receptors for diols that incorporate boronic acid motifs have been developed as new sensors and separation tools. Utilizing the reversible interactions of diols with boronic acids to form boronic esters under new binding regimes has provided new hydrogel constructs that have found use as dye‐displacement sensors and electrophoretic separation tools; similarly, molecular boronic‐acid‐containing chemosensors were constructed that offer applications in the sensing of diols. This review provides a somewhat‐personal perspective of developments in boronic‐acid‐mediated sensing and separation, placed in the context of the seminal works of others in the area, as well as offering a concise summary of the contributions of the co‐authors in the area. DOI 10.1002/tcr.201200006
Exploring the Use of the iPad for Literacy Learning
Authors: Hutchison Amy , Beschorner Beth , Schmidt‐Crawford Denise 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe goal of this investigation was to explore how a fourth grade teacher could integrate iPads into her literacy instruction to simultaneously teach print‐based and digital literacy goals. The teacher used iPads for a three‐week period during her literacy instruction and selected apps that provided unique approaches to helping the students meet their literacy learning goals.An explanation of how to develop lessons that meaningfully integrate iPads is presented, as well as lessons learned from the project. Considerations for integrating tablets, such as the iPad, into literacy instruction are provided.Because iPads and similar tablets are relatively unexplored as tools for literacy learning, this work may provide a foundation for teachers and leaders making decisions about whether mobile devices such as these can be useful in literacy classrooms.
Molecular genetic, cardiac and neurodevelopmental findings in cases of prenatally diagnosed rhabdomyoma associated with tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Lee K. A , Won H.‐S. , Shim J.‐Y. , Lee P. R. , Kim A. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTObjectiveRhabdomyoma is the most common type of cardiac tumor in fetuses and is often associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) with neurologic sequelae. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cardiac and neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetal rhabdomyoma.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical characteristics of 23 cases of cardiac rhabdomyoma diagnosed prenatally by fetal echocardiography at the Asan Medical Center between January 1998 and December 2009. We also reviewed postnatal results of brain magnetic resonance imaging, echocardiography, renal ultrasound examination and molecular genetic analysis to confirm the presence of cardiac rhabdomyoma with or without TSC.ResultsAmong 23 cases, outcome data were available for 17 (73.9%) and six cases (26.1%) were lost to follow‐up. The survival rate was 100.0% (17/17). Among the 17 cases with outcome data, spontaneous tumor regression occurred in eight (47.1%), and no change in tumor size and number was observed in the remaining nine cases (52.9%). There was no evidence of long‐term cardiac dysfunction caused by persisting rhabdomyomas, regardless of tumor size. TSC was found in nine patients (52.9%), of whom five (55.6%) showed neurodevelopmental morbidity. We identified mutations in one of the TSC1 or TSC2 genes in four of nine TSC infants whose parents allowed us to perform molecular genetic analysis. Three of these (75.0%) were found to have neurologic impairment. Seven (77.8%) of nine TSC cases were non‐familial.ConclusionsThe overall outcome of isolated cardiac rhabdomyoma appears to be favorable. We suggest that systematic postnatal evaluation of TSC be performed even in cases of cardiac rhabdomyoma without a family history of TSC. Molecular characterization of TSC1 and TSC2 might be helpful in predicting short‐ and long‐term neurodevelopmental outcomes.Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.