bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Foreign direct investment and employment in manufacturing and services sectors
Authors: Nyen Wong Koi , Cheong Tang Tuck 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to examine both the cointegrating and causal relationships among inward FDI and the host country's employment in manufacturing and services sectors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper applies autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) framework to test the cointegration and causality patterns using Singapore as a case.FindingsApart from the presence of a unique long‐run relationship, the findings also show evidence of long‐run causality, running from employment in manufacturing and services to FDI inflows, and from FDI inflows and services employment to manufacturing employment. Furthermore, there is evidence of short‐run causality showing strong FDI‐employment and employment linkages, predominantly from the manufacturing to services.Research limitations/implicationsOne likely area of future research is to extend this paper by using disaggregated data, e.g. FDI inflows by sector (manufacturing and services), and employment by the respective sectors.Practical implicationsManufacturing and services have been regarded as the “twin engines” of growth for the Singapore economy. As the economy is moving up the value chain from downstream to upstream activities, a significant proportion of foreign direct investment (FDI) has been attracted to the manufacturing and services sectors. The present study provides useful policy implications towards promoting foreign investment in emerging areas of and manpower development in both sectors of the economy.Originality/valueThis paper explores the possible interactions between FDI inflows and employment in manufacturing and services sectors as well as the employment linkages between manufacturing and services in Singapore.
Financial structure and economic growth link in African countries: a panel cointegration analysis
Authors: Ahmed Abdullahi D. , Wahid Abu N.M. 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to use the newly developed panel data cointegration analysis and the dynamic time series modeling approach to examine the linkages between financial structure (market‐based vs bank‐based) and economic growth in African economies.Design/methodology/approachThe research investigates the dynamic relationship between financial structure and economic growth in a panel of a group of seven African developing countries over the period of 1986‐2007. The paper uses various indicators/measures of financial structure and financial system, and employs the traditional time‐series analysis for causality as well as the newly developed panel unit root and cointegration techniques and estimated finance‐growth relationship using FMOLS for heterogeneous panel.FindingsFrom the dynamic heterogeneous panel approach, the paper firstly finds that market‐based financial system is important for explaining output growth through enhancing efficiency and productivity. Second, the authors' empirical evidence supports the view that higher levels of banking system development are positively associated with capital accumulation growth and lead to faster rates of economic growth.Originality/valuePanel cointegration, group mean panel FMOLS and country‐by‐country time series investigations indicate that the market‐based financial system is important for explaining output growth through enhancing efficiency and productivity, whereas the development of banking system is significantly associated with capital accumulation growth. Further results from the time‐series approach show evidence of unidirectional causality running from market‐oriented as well as bank‐oriented financial systems to economic growth.
Practical wisdom for management from the Chinese classical traditions
Authors: de Bettignies Henri‐Claude , Keung Ip Po , Bai Xuezhu , Habisch André , Lenssen Gilbert 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to provide an overview of this special issue.Design/methodology/approachThe guest editorial introduces the papers in this special issue, focusing on practical wisdom for management from the Chinese classical traditions.FindingsChinese culture increasingly will permeate international culture and move from peripheral to mainstream status. To ignore this in management education would be a grave oversight.Originality/valueThe issue offers insights into the value of practical wisdom from Confucianism, the origins of Chinese classical trditions and Daoism, and the various streams of thought within the classical Chinese traditions and their contemporary relevance.
Confucian global leadership in Chinese tradition: classical and contemporary
Authors: Cheng Chung‐ying 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to inquire and argue for a renovated model of Confucian political leadership as a way of political governance rooted in a philosophy of humanity and its potential for development.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is primarily critical and constructive through philosophical analysis and synthesis of ideas and insights into nature of man and political leadership in light of Confucian texts and practices.FindingsBased on reflection and analysis, the classical model of political leadership is shown to consist of core values of virtues and visions in classical Confucianism. By conceptual reconstruction a new Confucian model is formulated in such a way in which ethics of utilities and ethics of justice and righteousness are incorporated. The author further shows how it can be realized in different functions of modernized political and economic leadership. The author finds that this move resulted in achieving an essential transformation toward a more realistic application and practice in a global world.Practical implicationsIn so far as the new model deals with a process of normative harmonization in which it can be further enhanced by comprehensive considerations of intrinsic human values and future development of humanity as a whole, this model provides a practical method for meeting the urgent needs on different levels of leadership and management for creative and world‐oriented attitude‐building, policy‐making and strategic seminar‐course designing for graduate and executive training in contemporary business schools.Originality/valueThe author has innovatively constructed the new Confucian model and show how political leadership in this model has the capability and ability to persevere in seeking harmony and harmonization among traditions and nations in the global world. The author has also explained how and why morality when properly supported can be a global leading power for bringing harmony and harmonization to the world. The author has formed a new concept of political leadership force and named it the moral power in addition to but not separated in its persuasion from hard power, soft power and smart power of Joseph Nye. The author's formulation and argument for the new model with its moral power constitute a highly significant contribution to the understanding of Confucian political leadership in contemporary global contexts.
Rethinking ethical leadership, social capital and customer relationship
Authors: Zheng Qinqin , Wang Miao , Li Zhiqiang 
Published: July 2011

PurposePractical wisdom from Chinese classical traditions is still an enlightening resource for contemporary management. Based in traditional Chinese perspectives, this paper aims to explore the influence of ethical leadership and social capital on customer relationship.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conduct a survey of senior executives in 215 Chinese companies. Structural model testing and hierarchical regressions are used to analyze the data.FindingsThe empirical analysis affirms the authors' hypotheses that both ethical leadership and social capital have significant influence on customer relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe results imply that traditional Chinese perspectives on contemporary management research have a potentially important impact.Practical implicationsIt may also be valuable for Chinese firms to incorporate classical traditions into their daily practice: to enhance ethical leadership and obtain more social capital.Originality/valueThis study is a modest step towards an integration of traditional perspectives into research on the role of ethical leadership, and social capital, in maintaining good customer relationship in China.
Leadership and organizational patterns in the Daodejing
Authors: Gerstner Ansgar 
Published: July 2011

PurposeAlthough the Daodejing is a text that is more than 2,400 years old, its concepts regarding leadership nevertheless fit well into current discussions on sustainability and responsibility. This paper aims to explore these concepts.Design/methodology/approachThe paper focuses on the strategic aspects that can be found in the Daodejing's approach to leadership.FindingsThe Daodejing offers interesting perspectives on the relationship between personal development and sustainability. Because of their topicality these concepts are moreover particularly interesting within the context of corporate culture and glocalization for multinational companies operating in China.Originality/valueThe paper explores aspects of the philosophy of the Daodejing that often get neglected, but which offer interesting perspectives on current issues in management.
Chinese wisdom, management practices and the humanities
Authors: Vermander Benoit 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis article aims at showing that the relationship between Chinese classical wisdoms and managerial practices should not be reduced to the establishment of an “art of war” applicable to management practices, but should rather be understood as an ever‐evolving work of critical reinterpretation, so as to liberate the creative and strategic potential that this tradition embodies.Design/methodology/approachIt does so by critically deconstructing the question of the “relevance” of Chinese wisdom for managerial practices, by assessing the way contemporary Sinology understands and interprets the concept of “Chinese wisdom”, and by designing a strategy for applying these insights to managerial education.FindingsIt thus shows that only historical contextualization and textual studies can ground an understanding of Chinese tradition applicable to managerial education.Practical implicationsBy doing so, it helps educators to re‐anchor managerial education into the field and methodologies of humanities studies.Originality/valueIt thus goes against the utilitarian and over‐simplified syntheses of Chinese thought that are currently dominant in the managerial literature about China, and proposes new ways for making the study of China a channel through which to develop in our students a sense of relativity, complexity and empathy applicable to an array of cultural contexts.
Chinese hedonic values and the Chinese classical virtues: managing the tension
Authors: Thompson Mike 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the extent to which Chinese classical virtues act as a restraint on consumerist hedonic values and the associated priority on profit maximisation by managers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a literature review and adopts a reflective approach to the topic.FindingsThe paper considers how Chinese classical virtues are related to contemporary relational or indigenous values and how a social tension is created between these values and the hedonic values now present in Chinese urban society. Implications for management and management education are reviewed in the light of this tension.Practical implicationsThe social unrest created by the privatisation of SOEs can be mitigated by the promotion of management education sensitised to the cultural norms and expectations of the Chinese people in relation to the role and responsibilities of managers. TheJunzi(gentleman‐leader) archetype and the virtues ofren‐yi‐liare offered as exemplary features of a management seeking to balance social responsibility with profitability.Originality/valueThe paper highlights the social turbulence created by the advent of market economics in China and the concomitant rise of consumerism and the privatisation of state‐owned enterprises.
Taoism and its model of traits of successful leaders
Authors: Bai Xuezhu , Roberts William 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims at building up a comprehensive framework for integrating existing leadership theories from the perspective of Taoism, the well‐known oriental philosophy, characterized by a dialectic thinking system. With sufficient evidence demonstrated, it argues that a Taoism‐oriented model of leadership offers a complementary lens, through which leadership insights can be deepened, and may serve as an effective tool for adaptive leaders in a world where change is the only constant.Design/methodology/approachThrough an in‐depth analysis of the principles of Taoism, and the concepts of leadership studies, it establishes a Taoism‐oriented model of leadership to integrate the current major schools of leadership studies.FindingsThe model of traits of successful leaders based on Taoism has satisfactorily solved the conflicts between different perspectives of leadership studies and provided a dynamic framework to guide leaders to keep up with the organizational changes.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is only a rudimentary one that needs further exploration: for example, when external contexts of leadership are introduced, the current model would appear, in different patterns, to accommodate greater contextual complexities.Practical implicationsThe model of traits of successful leaders based on Taoism will contribute to a greater understanding of an organization for different leadership styles. It will potentially serve as an effective tool for the selection of appropriate leaders for an organization and for building up an effective leadership team to accommodate the rapid changes of the organization.Originality/valueThis paper is an initial attempt to bridge leadership studies of east and west via the perspective of Taoism, which contributes to an integrating framework to accommodate different schools of leadership studies.
A Confucian approach to well‐being and social capital development
Authors: Zhao Lili , Roper Juliet 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to discuss and demonstrate the synergies between the western concept of corporate social responsibility that is emerging from a background of individualism and market competition, and the traditional values of Chinese Confucianism, as applied to managerial practice.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is primarily theoretical in perspective. It also draws upon interview data derived from an in depth study of a large state‐owned corporate group in China in order to demonstrate the model that is known as modern Confucian entrepreneurship.FindingsAdherence to Confucian values was demonstrated by both manager and employee interviewees. However, Chinese managers also need to reform some practices as they move into the international market place. As western managers, at the same time, increasingly seek to increase their social capital it is clear that Chinese and western managers can learn from each other.Research limitations/implicationsThe examples drawn upon in this paper come from a state‐owned corporation. Indications are that smaller, privately owned companies in China are more aggressively adopting market models built upon competitive individualism. Further research is needed to develop comparisons.Practical implicationsThe paper suggests a hybrid model of business management that combines aspects of both western and Confucian‐based management styles that are proven to be successful in building social capital. It also suggests that fundamental change needs to be effected through business school teaching.Social implicationsThe paper urges a more collective view of management that is built upon trust and focuses on employee and social wellbeing. Indications are that increased wellbeing generates more cohesive, productive and happier societies.Originality/valueThe introduction of interview data provides unique insight to Confucian values in practice in a modern Chinese company.
Confucian nurturing doctrine ofxin(heart‐mind)
Authors: Wei Hongguo , Li Shaobing 
Published: July 2011

PurposeConfucian nurturing doctrine ofxin(heart‐mind) comprehensively illustrates the importance of emerging state of feelings, which are the antecedents of organizational and individual behaviors. This introductory paper seeks to provide meaningful references for the management education and research trends like organizational justice and emotional intelligence.Design/methodology/approachBased on Confucian nurturing doctrine ofxin(heart‐mind), this paper analyzes: the connotation ofxin,qing(emotions/feelings) as the manifestation ofxing(nature) byxin, and the cultivation ofxin.Accordingly, the authors propose the holistic man model based on emotions.FindingsThe holistic man model based on emotions contains natural, social, moral, and transcendental dimensions. Self‐cultivation is significant for management practices and education.Research limitations/implicationsAs a conceptual essay, the statements in the paper need further argument and exploration.Practical implicationsA referential hypothetical model of human nature based on Confucian nurturing doctrine ofxincan make people have transcendent aspiration in their daily life and focus on the unity of individuals' natural feelings and moral cultivation. In this case, people can live an integrated, meaningful and healthy life based on their emerging state of emotions, which are the antecedents of the transactional, instrumental, and procedural regulations.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the notions of the holistic man based on emotions and emerging state of emotions by referring to Confucian nurturing doctrine ofxin(heart‐mind).
Structure and evolvement of leadership: a study based on Book of Changes
Authors: Gou Yan‐nan , Dong Jing 
Published: July 2011

PurposeBy the re‐interpretation of the Book of Changes (I Ching), this article aims to build a framework for analyzing the structure and the evolvement of leadership.Design/methodology/approachThere are 64 hexagrams in Book of Changes. This article focuses the discussion on Qian hexagram, which is the first and the most important one in all the hexagrams. By using metaphysical concepts, this article builds a dynamic leadership system. This leadership system is composed of the four virtues of Qian (with the meaning of heaven, force), which are as follows: Yuan (creation and origination), Heng (cooperation and development), Li (achievement and sharing), and Zhen (firmness and perseverance). Based on this framework, by using the metaphor of dragon, this article develops an evolvement route of leadership according to the six situations set by the Qian hexagram, which are humble stage, emerging from hiding, trying your best, going up or down, reaching excellence, and starting to fall, and discusses the proper leadership in different situations.FindingsThere are four elements or virtues in leadership. The importance of each virtue and the key points in each of them change as an organization or a venture evolves from one situation to another. Leaders should match their leadership with the specific situation they are in.Originality/valueAccording to the knowledge of the authors, this article is the first one in the world trying to set up a leadership system based on Book of Changes, especially Qian hexagram. The implications provided by this article would be very valuable for leaders to more successfully evaluate their situations and change their leaderships according the different challenges they may face.
Compassion: Chinese and western perspectives on practical wisdom in management
Authors: Opdebeeck Hendrik , Habisch André 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe notion of compassion is a cornerstone in Chinese as well as western orientations for business practice. Spiritual and religious traditions, philosophical approaches and historical and present business practices outline this notion in a comparative perspective. This paper seeks to address this issue.Design/methodology/approachInterdisciplinary paper, summarizing social science, philosophical and business literature.FindingsWith its focus on compassion, business ethics in the Chinese tradition highlights a notion, which variously resonates within western traditions. Based on this, multiple lines or thought consequences for management development are derived.Practical implicationsIn terms of management development the call for compassionate management can be held as a common denominator of different traditions. Therefore, it will be important to include this aspect in our management development, cultural management as well as international strategy courses.Originality/valueIn a broad interreligious and intercultural overview some basic characteristics of compassionate management can be identified.
The importance of trust vis‐à‐vis reliance in business relationships: some international findings
Authors: Jiang Zhizhong , Henneberg Stephan C. , Naudé Peter 
Published: July 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the levels of trust and reliance in different international business markets. The paper aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the importance of relational aspects (trust) vis‐à‐vis organisational ones (reliance) for building long‐term business relationships.Design/methodology/approachThis is an exploratory study to examine trust and reliance in the manufacturing and construction industries of four countries: UK, India, Pakistan, and Poland. Statistical analysis is based on a data sample of 501 responses collected through a survey of buying and selling relationships.FindingsAlthough varying across countries, stable relationships with high levels of both trust and reliance exist widely in business markets. Exclusively trust‐based business relationships, i.e. those which are mainly driven by individual‐level aspects, are very rare. However, both trust and reliance are significant for building relationships with long‐term perspectives.Practical implicationsManagers in firms who want to build advantageous and sustainable business relationships need to be able to discern the difference between trust in people on the one hand, and reliance on the partner firms on the other. This research shows that to maintain sustainable relationships, firms should not only focus their relational capabilities on enhancing reliance aspects with their business partners, but also aim to build good levels of trust in the interaction.