bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Analysis and Optimization of an Air–Water Heat Pump System for Residential Applications in a Subtropical Monsoon Climate
Authors: Ni Chenxi , Ke Qingdi , Tan Shiyao , Ooi Kim Tiow 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
An air–water heat pump was developed and tested for a centralized floor heating system, which provides hot water for four villas in a community located in a mid-latitude region of the Northern Hemisphere with a subtropical monsoon climate. The system's modular chiller unit consists of four compressor units, regulating the water temperature in the chiller's water tank, and it operates as part of an efficient centralized heating system. The heating control and defrosting strategies were determined by real-time and comprehensive energy efficiency ratios, along with the temperature difference between the outdoor heat exchanger and the ambient environment. Based on the test results of the outdoor unit, a suitable thermal system was selected, and a 93-day field test was conducted on the air–water heat pump during winter. Throughout the field test, the compression ratio (π) was maintained within a safe range of 2.67–5.79. Additionally, the daily average energy efficiency ratio ranged from 2.32 to 4.71, while the daily average heat capacity varied between 45.43 kW and 127.52 kW. The indoor temperature remained stable at approximately 19 °C, demonstrating the heat pump system's strong environmental adaptability and high energy efficiency under the given control principles.
Special users with special needs in autonomous vehicles: A systematic review
Authors: Mosaferchi Saeedeh , Naddeo Alessandro 
Published: February 2025

Background Automated driving offers enjoyable and comfortable trips, though not everyone will find the experience pleasant. Some special populations such as elderly people, individuals with physical or cognitive impairments, and pregnant women face different difficulties in mobility services to conduct their daily activities and, consequently, also in using new technologies like autonomous vehicles. Objective This study aims to review the specific needs, concerns, and difficulties of special populations when using autonomous vehicles and to highlight the primary issues affecting their acceptance of these technologies. Methods A review of 48 papers was conducted to identify the special needs, concerns, and difficulties faced by various demographic groups, including elderly individuals, people with physical disabilities, and pregnant women, in using or approaching the use of autonomous vehicles. Results The review revealed that aging individuals have received more attention by scientific community compared to other disabled populations. Acceptance of autonomous vehicles was identified as the primary issue across all surveyed groups. Safety, comfort, and dependability were also significant concerns, particularly among individuals with special needs. Conclusions This study outlines the unique concerns of various demographic groups using autonomous vehicles, with acceptance highlighted as a common issue. Designing user-friendly interfaces tailored to diverse demographics could enhance acceptance and improve the overall travel experience for those needing constant support.
Shooting for the Moon: Can We Cut Cancer Mortality in Canada By 50% By 2050?
Authors: Banik Keaton , Ruan Yibing , Stephen Mariet M. , Hutchinson John M. , Carbonell Chantelle , Warkentin Matthew T. , Coldman Andrew , Garner Rochelle , Jalal Hawre , Brenner Darren R. 
Published: February 2025

Introduction The United States of America reignited their Cancer Moonshot Initiative in 2022 with an ambitious goal to reduce cancer mortality by 50% over the next 25 years. In this study, we estimated how and whether a similar cancer control initiative could be achieved in Canada. Methods We used the OncoSim microsimulation suite to address three questions: (1) what is the expected mortality from cancer in Canada by 2050 given the current trends?; (2) what would be the maximal impact on reducing cancer mortality with prevention and increased screening activities? and, (3) if a 50% reduction in projected cancer mortality could not be achieved through the primary and secondary intervention efforts, what additional advancements and discoveries would be needed to fill the “lunar gap”? We modeled the joint impact of risk-factor reduction and screening, as well as the independent effects of prevention and screening alone, on projected cancer mortality. Results Our models suggest that there will be an expected 133,395 cancer deaths in 2050 in Canada. Approximately 33% of these cancer deaths could be prevented by risk-factor reduction and increased screening programs by the year 2050. This would leave a “lunar gap” of about 16%–17% that would need to be bridged with novel discoveries in cancer risk prevention, early detection, and treatment. Conclusion While current knowledge and implementation of prevention and screening would have a considerable impact on a Canadian cancer moonshot, additional efforts are needed to implement cancer control initiatives and fuel additional discoveries to fill the gap.
Do Bowel Disorders Affect Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate Outcomes? A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Tsai Kyle , Xu Perry , Guo Jenny , Dean Nicholas , Khondakar Nabila , Neill Clayton , Krambeck Amy 
Published: February 2025

Objectives: To review outcomes for patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) who undergo holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) for bothersome urinary symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients who had undergone HoLEP by a single surgeon between January 2021 and August 2023. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics were compared between patients with an ICD-10 diagnosis of IBS or IBD and those without, using Chi-square and paired T-tests as appropriate. Results: Out of 918 men, 24 (2.6%) had a diagnosis of IBS, and 36 (3.9%) had a diagnosis of IBD. There were no differences in age, BMI, preoperative American Urological Association symptoms score (AUASS), preoperative Michigan Incontinence Symptom Index (MISI) score, and history of urinary retention or incontinence. The IBS + IBD cohort had smaller prostates (100.9 vs 124.2 mL, p = 0.01) and shorter procedure times (57.0 vs 66.5 min, p = 0.02) than controls. IBS patients were more likely to require anticholinergic therapy at a 3-month follow-up (31% vs 13%, p = 0.03) and had more postoperative encounters within 90 days of HoLEP (3.7 vs 2.6, p = 0.01). There were no differences regarding changes in AUASS and MISI scores, same-day trial of void and same-day discharge rates, or complication rates. Conclusion: IBS patients who underwent HoLEP had more symptomatic postoperative courses requiring higher rates of anticholinergic medication use and more provider interactions compared to men without IBS, despite similar AUASS and MISI scores. These trends were not observed in patients with IBD.
Test–retest reliability of the computer-based cognitive assessment tool for community-dwelling older adults in Japan: The Otassha study
Authors: Chen Jou-Yin , Kawai Hisashi , Takahashi Junta , Ejiri Manami , Imamura Keigo , Obuchi Shuichi P 
Published: February 2025

Aim Early detection of dementia is crucial for effective intervention. The computer-based cognitive assessment tool (CompBased-CAT) was designed to assess cognitive function using a tablet computer. While its predictive validity for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is established, its test–retest reliability remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the test–retest reliability of CompBased-CAT among older Japanese adults in a community setting. Methods This is a methodological study that examined the test–retest reliability of CompBased-CAT. Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or older who participated in both the pre-test and post-test were included. Pre-test assessments were conducted during the 2023 Otassha study from 28 September to 8 October 2023, with the post-test administered 62 days (±14 days) later. Subtest scores were normalized to z-scores, and the total CompBased-CAT score was computed by summing these z-scores. Test–retest reliability was assessed using paired t-tests and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) two-way random-effects models, with analyses stratified by age, sex, and MCI status. Results A total of 80 participants (mean age: 76.8 years; 27.5% male) were analyzed. Paired t-tests showed no significant difference in total scores between the pre-test (mean = −0.75; standard deviation [SD] = 3.73) and the post-test (mean = −0.42; SD = 4.45). The total score exhibited an ICC of 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.49–0.75) for all participants, increasing to 0.74 (95% CI = 0.48–0.88) among those with MCI. Conclusion CompBased-CAT demonstrated good test–retest reliability, with an ICC of 0.64 among all participants, which increased to 0.74 among participants with MCI over a 2-month period, indicating its potential for monitoring cognitive function through repeated assessments.
Characterizing dysfunctional breathing seen in post-acute sequelae of Sars-Cov-2 using approximate entropy
Authors: Eschbach Erin , Natelson Benjamin H. , Mancini Donna M. , Cook Dane B. , Rurak Kevin , Miranda Melissa , Oppenheimer Beno W. , Rapoport David M. , Parekh Ankit 
Published: February 2025

RationaleDysfunctional breathing (DB) is a commonly identified abnormality in Post-acute Sequelae of Sars-Cov-2 (PASC) patients undergoing cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), and potentially a contributor to ongoing symptoms. Currently, this oscillating, irregular breathing pattern is identified by visual observation of CPET data by an experienced interpreter, which is subjective. We hypothesize that Approximate Entropy (ApEn), a regularity statistic that quantifies the unpredictability of time-series data can reliably distinguish DB from normal breathing states.MethodsBreath-by-breath CPET data were obtained for 82 PASC subjects and 25 controls. CPET's were visually analyzed for DB prior to analysis. Minute ventilation (VE), Tidal Volume (VT), and breathing frequency (BF) over time data were normalized with 100% considered the ventilation at Anaerobic Threshold (AT) and detrended before ApEn was calculated. Analysis was initiated at 25 watts and ceased at AT.ResultsThe ApEn-VE of PASC subjects with visualized DB was 0.286±0.128; (mean±std), which was significantly different from control subjects (0.143±0.081) and PASC subjects without visualized DB (0.183±0.104), p-value<0.05. ROC analysis produced an optimal cut-off value of 0.17 for distinguishing DB, which resulted in a sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 67%. ApEn-VT and ApEn-BF were similar among all PASC patients despite visually recognized DB, but significantly greater than controls.ConclusionsIdentifying DB on CPET requires visual recognition, which has limitations. ApEn-VE is an objective metric that can reliably differentiate DB from normal breathing patterns on CPET. This can be a valuable addition to keen visual scrutiny of CPET data.
The interplay between gut bacteria and targeted therapies: implications for future cancer treatments
Authors: He Juan , Chen Yu , Zhao Huakan , Li Yongsheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Targeted therapy represents a form of cancer treatment that specifically focuses on molecular markers regulating the growth, division, and dissemination of cancer cells. It serves as the cornerstone of precision medicine and is associated with fewer adverse effects compared to conventional chemotherapy, thus enhancing the quality of patient survival. These make targeted therapy as a vital component of contemporary anti-cancer strategies. Although targeted therapy has achieved excellent anti-cancer results, there are still many factors affecting its efficacy. Among the numerous factors affecting anti-cancer treatment, the role of intestinal bacteria and its metabolites are becoming increasingly prominent, particularly in immunotherapy. However, their effects on anticancer targeted therapy have not been systematically reviewed. Herein, we discuss the crosstalk between gut bacteria and anticancer targeted therapies, while also highlighting potential therapeutic strategies and future research directions.
Chloroplast genomic insights into adaptive evolution and rapid radiation in the genus Passiflora (Passifloraceae)
Authors: Cauz-Santos Luiz Augusto , da Costa Zirlane Portugal , Sader Mariela Analía , van den Berg Cássio , Vieira Maria Lucia Carneiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chloroplasts are essential organelles in plants and eukaryotic algae, responsible for photosynthesis, fatty acid synthesis, amino acid production, and stress responses. The genus Passiflora, known for its species diversity and dynamic chloroplast (cp) genome evolution, serves as an excellent model for studying structural variations. This study investigates evolutionary relationships within Passiflora by sequencing 11 new chloroplast genomes, assessing selective pressures on cp genes, and comparing plastid and nuclear phylogenies. Passiflora cp genomes showed significant variations in size, gene content, and structure, ranging from 132,736 to 163,292 base pairs, especially in Decaloba. Structural rearrangements and species-specific repeat patterns were identified. Selective pressure tests revealed significant adaptive evolution in certain lineages, with several genes, including clpP and petL, under positive selection. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed the monophyly of subgenera Astrophea, Passiflora, and Decaloba, while Deidamioides appeared polyphyletic. Nuclear phylogenetic analysis based on 35S rDNA sequences supported the monophyly of Astrophea but showed inconsistencies within subgenus Passiflora compared to cp genome data. This study highlights the evolutionary complexity of Passiflora cp genomes, demonstrating significant structural variations and adaptive evolution. The findings underscore the effectiveness of plastid phylogenomics in resolving phylogenetic relationships and provide insights into adaptive mechanisms shaping cp genome diversity in angiosperms.
Unraveling temporally entangled multimodal interactions: investigating verbal and nonverbal contributions to collaborative construction of embodied math knowledge
Authors: Sung Hanall , Nathan Mitchell J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In various technology-enhanced learning (TEL) environments, knowledge co-creation progresses through multimodal interactions that integrate verbal and nonverbal modalities, such as speech and gestures. This study investigated two distinct analytical approaches for analyzing multimodal interactions—triangulating and interleaving—by applying them to collaborative learning processes during an online embodied mathematics intervention. The findings demonstrate that the interleaving approach captures the temporal dynamics and nuanced interplay between multimodal events, providing deeper insights into how shared meaning-making evolves over time. In contrast, the triangulating approach effectively identifies cumulative interaction patterns but does not account for their temporal structure. Specifically, the interleaving approach, employing epistemic network analysis, revealed statistically significant differences in discourse patterns between learners with larger and smaller variances in upper body movements during the co-design activity. These findings underscore the complementary value of the interleaving approach in analyzing multimodal interactions and offer practical implications for advancing understanding of collaborative learning processes in TEL environments.
Going the Distance: The Impact of Commute on Gender Diversity in Public Service
Authors: Kaaua Dawson , Virudachalam Vanitha 
Published: February 2025

Problem definition: Women have been shown to prefer jobs with a better work-life balance across many fields. Given that serving as a state political representative requires a significant amount of travel between one’s home district and the state capitol, this suggests that long commute distances may reduce the number of women seeking political office in the United States. At the same time, state political positions vary in their degree of flexibility (e.g., full-time versus part-time) and commensurate compensation, which could make them more or less desirable to women. We analyze the extent to which longer commute distances deter female political participation and whether this effect varies according to the degree of flexibility and commensurate compensation provided by the position. Furthermore, we investigate policies that can lower the barrier to entry for women in politics. Methodology/results: Leveraging differences in distance to the state capitol among state legislative districts, we show that districts located further from the state capitol in states with full-time legislatures have a lower percentage of female candidates, whereas in states with part-time legislatures, the opposite is true. The effect in hybrid states, that is, those state legislatures with a workload between part-time and full-time, appears to be slightly negative or neutral. We then conduct two conjoint survey experiments administered to a pool of college students and past political candidates to understand how policies allowing for paid parental leave, remote work/proxy voting, or daycare benefits in political positions could help to close the gender gap in politics. We find that paid parental leave might motivate women at the beginning of their political careers with longer commutes to run for office while a remote work/proxy voting policy could help to sustain the political careers of these types of women. Managerial implications: For organizers and policymakers seeking to encourage more women to run for office, our work shows that commute distance is a barrier for would-be candidates in states with full-time legislatures and that making paid parental leave and remote work/proxy voting available may help. Funding: This work was supported by Gies College of Business (Junior Faculty Council Grant). Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2024.0927 .
Reliability-enhanced data cleaning in biomedical machine learning using inductive
conformal prediction
Authors: Zhan Xianghao , Xu Qinmei , Zheng Yuanning , Lu Guangming , Gevaert Olivier 
Published: February 2025

Accurately labeling large datasets is important for biomedical machine learning yet challenging while modern data augmentation methods may generate noise in the training data, which may deteriorate machine learning model performance. Existing approaches addressing noisy training data typically rely on strict modeling assumptions, classification models and well-curated dataset. To address these, we propose a novel reliability-based training-data-cleaning method employing inductive conformal prediction (ICP). This method uses a small set of well-curated training data and leverages ICP-calculated reliability metrics to selectively correct mislabeled data and outliers within vast quantities of noisy training data. The efficacy is validated across three classification tasks with distinct modalities: filtering drug-induced-liver-injury (DILI) literature with free-text title and abstract, predicting ICU admission of COVID-19 patients through CT radiomics and electronic health records, and subtyping breast cancer using RNA-sequencing data. Varying levels of noise to the training labels were introduced via label permutation. Our training-data-cleaning method significantly enhanced the downstream classification performance (paired t-tests, p ≤ 0 . 05 among 30 random train/test partitions): significant accuracy enhancement in 86 out of 96 DILI experiments (up to 11.4% increase from 0.812 to 0.905), significant AUROC and AUPRC enhancements in all 48 COVID-19 experiments (up to 23.8% increase from 0.597 to 0.739 for AUROC, and 69.8% increase from 0.183 to 0.311 for AUPRC), and significant accuracy and macro-average F1-score improvements in 47 out of 48 RNA-sequencing experiments (up to 74.6% increase from 0.351 to 0.613 for accuracy, and 89.0% increase from 0.267 to 0.505 for F1-score). The improvement can be both statistically and clinically significant for information retrieval, disease diagnosis and prognosis. The method offers the potential to substantially boost classification performance in biomedical machine learning tasks without necessitating an excessive volume of well-curated training data or strong data distribution and modeling assumptions in existing semi-supervised learning methods.
Radiographic characteristics of impacted teeth: A retrospective study of 2199 radiograph
Authors: Marghalani Amin A. , Alsaggaf Arwa U. , Hazzazi Abdullah , Dahlawi Anmar , Badaoud Mohd. B. , Alhazmi Faisal , Alnefaie Ibrahim , Bukhari Omair M. , Demyati Abrar K. 
Published: February 2025

Objective
To analyze the radiological characteristics of impacted teeth in the population of Makkah in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2199 digital panoramic radiograph (OPG) scans collected from the database of the dental teaching hospital at Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, KSA. Out of these, 1503 OPGs (749 males and 754 females) met the inclusion criteria, which required clear OPGs with high quality and good visibility of anatomic structures. The study included patients of both genders, aged between 13 and 70, with complete root formation of impacted teeth.

Results
The analysis of 1,503 patients’ radiographs revealed that 27.70% had impacted third molars, with mandibular molars being more commonly affected than maxillary molars. Additionally, other impacted teeth were observed, including maxillary canines, second premolars, second molars, and supernumerary teeth. Male patients had a slightly higher prevalence of impaction. The majority of impacted third molars were found in the age group of 18-30. The angulation and depth of impacted teeth differed between maxillary and mandibular arches. Most impacted mandibular third molars had a class I relation with the ramus.

Conclusion
The study provides valuable insights into impacted teeth in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. It highlights a significant occurrence of impacted third molars, as well as other teeth. These findings contribute to a better understanding of impacted teeth and provide important support for dental professionals in their efforts to improve patient outcomes.
The crystal structure of 3-amino-2-formyl-1-phenyl-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene-4-carbonitrile, C22H16N2O
Authors: Cheng Longdie , Luo Guoyong , Wang Xulan , Ye Jianghai , Lang Tianqiong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
C22H16N2O, monoclinic, P21/c, (no. 14), a = 9.689(7) Å, b = 16.800(10) Å, c = 10.379(7) Å, β = 92.229(17), V = 1,688.22(18) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0584, wRref
(F
2) = 0.1572, T = 273(2) K.