bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model for predicting the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after monopolar or bipolar radiofrequency ablation in patients with AF and mitral valve disease
Authors: Si Wei , Teng Peng , Ma Liang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to identify the risk factors for postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation, and establish predictive models of atrial fibrillation recurrence.

Methods
Overall, 224 patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation from November 2014 to November 2020 were included. The statistical package for social sciences, X-tile, and R-studio were used for statistical analysis.

Results
Patients were divided into training and validation sets according to a ratio of 3:1. The training set was analysed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis and showed that preoperative uric acid > 401 μmol/L (P = 0.006), B-type natriuretic peptide > 202 ng/L (P = 0.042), hypersensitivity C-reactive protein > 6.1 mg/L (P = 0.026), erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 7.0 mm/h (P = 0.016), preoperative left atrial diameter > 48 mm (P = 0.031) were significantly correlated with the recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation in patients with valvular atrial fibrillation. In the training set, a Cox regression model of the five related factors was established using the R language. The C-index of the model was 0.82, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.831 (P < 0.001). Internal and external verification was performed in the training and validation sets, respectively, and both showed that the fit of the verification curve was relatively good at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years postoperatively. After calculating the weight of each related factor using the nomogram, a new risk predictive model (BLUCE) for postoperative atrial fibrillation was established.

Conclusions
In patients with atrial fibrillation, preoperative uric acid, B-type natriuretic peptide, hypersensitivity C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and left atrial diameter are risk factors for atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter recurrence after radiofrequency ablation. The BLUCE predictive model can distinguish high-risk groups of postoperative atrial fibrillation. High-risk patients in the BLUCE model were more likely to experience recurrence of atrial fibrillation after radiofrequency ablation and a low possibility of maintaining sinus rhythm.
Clinical and genetic characteristics of Chinese patients diagnosed with chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene
Authors: Shang Qing , Dai Yimin , Huang Jingyi , Liu Wei , Zhou Weixun , Liu Yaping , Yang Hong , Wang Qiang , Li Yue 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene is a rare intestinal disease caused by loss-of-function SLCO2A1 mutations, with clinical and genetic characteristics remaining largely unknown, especially in Chinese patients. This study aims to reveal clinical and genetic features of Chinese CEAS patients, highlighting the previously unreported or unemphasized characteristics.

Methods
We enrolled 12 Chinese patients with chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022. Clinical and genetic data of these patients were collected and analyzed.

Results
58.3% of patients were male, who also had primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, whereas female patients did not have primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy. Apart from common symptoms associated with anemia and hypoalbuminemia, abdominal pain, ileus, diarrhea, and hematochezia were present. 4 of the 5 female patients had early-onset amenorrhea, though the causal relationship remained to be clarified. Endoscopy and computed tomography enterography revealed that lesions can occur in any part of the digestive tract, most commonly in the ileum. Pathology showed multiple superficial ulcers with adjacent vascular dilatation, and loss of SLCO2A1 expression, particularly in gastrointestinal vascular endothelial cells. Genetic analysis confirmed SLCO2A1 mutations in all patients and identified 11 new SLCO2A1 variants for CEAS.

Conclusions
This study reports new clinical, pathological, and genetic findings in 12 Chinese patients with chronic enteropathy associated with SLCO2A1 gene. This study provides insights into the pathogenesis of this disease. However, studies with larger sample sizes and more in-depth mechanism research are still required.
Alexithymia, intolerance to uncertainty and mental health difficulties in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Merlo Emanuele Maria , Tutino Rita , Myles Liam Alexander MacKenzie , Lia Maria Carmela , Minasi Domenico 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) represents a serious chronic condition affecting a wide number of people. Discussion of the physical issues associated with T1DM pervades the literature, however, there is less discussion of the psychological consequences. Mental health difficulties, alexithymia and uncertainty are present in this population, and known to be harmful for the onset, maintenance and worsening of T1DM. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of these phenomena in people with T1DM.

Methods
105 participants aged between 11 and 17 years old (M: 13.88; SD: 2.16) affected by T1DM were included in the sample. To assess the presence of mental health difficulties, SAFA scales (Depression, Anxiety and Somatic symptoms) were included in the protocol together with TAS-20 and IUS-12, which evaluate the presence and role of alexithymia and intolerance to uncertainty in the sample, respectively.

Results
A concerning presence of anxiety, depression and somatic symptoms was found in the sample. Mental health difficulties appeared to be consistently present in the sample, often overcoming pathological thesholds. Alexithymia and uncertainty were also common, highlighting their role in T1DM.

Conclusions
Active mental health difficulties together with high rates of alexithymia and intolerance to uncertainty were prevalent in the sample of adolescents with diabetes.
Smelly interactions: host-borne volatile organic compounds triggering behavioural responses in mosquitoes, sand flies, and ticks
Authors: Bezerra-Santos Marcos Antonio , Benelli Giovanni , Germinara Giacinto Salvatore , Volf Petr , Otranto Domenico 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVolatile organic compounds (VOCs) are chemicals emitted as products of cell metabolism, which reflects the physiological and pathological conditions of any living organisms. These compounds play a key role as olfactory cues for arthropod vectors such as mosquitoes, sand flies, and ticks, which act in the transmission of pathogens to many animal species, including humans. Some VOCs may influence arthropod behaviour, e.g., host preference and oviposition site selection for gravid females. Furthermore, deadly vector-borne pathogens such as Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania infantum are suggested to manipulate the VOCs profile of the host to make them more attractive to mosquitoes and sand fly vectors, respectively. Under the above circumstances, studies on these compounds have demonstrated their potential usefulness for investigating the behavioural response of mosquitoes, sand flies, and ticks toward their vertebrate hosts, as well as potential tools for diagnosis of vector-borne diseases (VBDs). Herein, we provide an account for scientific data available on VOCs to study the host seeking behaviour of arthropod vectors, and their usefulness as attractants, repellents, or tools for an early diagnosis of VBDs.
Graphical Abstract
Successful pregnancy using immature oocytes retrieved from resected borderline ovarian tumor: a case report and literature review
Authors: Higuchi Shotaro , Miyamoto Tsutomu , Oka Kenji , Kobara Hisanori , Shiozawa Tanri 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the recent progress of fertility preservation technique, achievement of pregnancy in women with ovarian tumor is still challenging. Here, we report a case of OTO-IVM (ovarian tissue oocyte in-vitro maturation) resulting in a successful delivery.

Case presentation
The patient, a 33-year-old woman with a history of left borderline ovarian tumor (BOT) who underwent left salpingo-oophorectomy three years ago, presented with an enlarged right ovary during infertility treatment, indicating the recurrence of BOT. Because the patient disagreed with curative surgery and normal part-preservation surgery, we eventually performed OTO-IVM. A right salpingo-oophorectomy was first performed. Eight immature oocytes were immediately aspirated not only from visible follicles, but also from entire cortex for invisible follicles, of the removed ovary. In addition, IVM procedure generated six mature oocytes, and were subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Accordingly, three embryos were obtained and cryopreserved. Three months after surgery, hormone replacement therapy was initiated, and a frozen-thawed embryo was transferred, resulting in a successful pregnancy. Although a cesarean section was performed at 36 weeks due to maternal ileus, the baby was delivered without complications.

Conclusions
This report indicates this treatment to be an effective approach for fertility preservation in BOT patients, especially, the importance of collecting oocytes from the entire ovarian cortex was suggested.
Early initiation of complementary feeding practice and its associated factors among children aged 6 to 24 months in Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Wasihun Yitbarek , Addissie Getahun , Yigezu Muluken , Kebede Natnael 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Even if there is currently no research on food integration practices, there is an unreliable hole in the data for the first motives, especially 6 to 24 months, research at ages varies in different ways, always, but the child’s development affects an important part of both the child and the parents. This gap limits our comprehensive knowledge of strategic choices and—their potential impact on children’s overall health and well-being. Therefore, the aim of this study was factors shaping complementary feeding for 6 to 24-Month-Olds in Northeast Ethiopia.

Methods
A community-based survey was conducted in northeastern Ethiopia from June to July 2022. A sample of 409 mothers with infants aged 6 to 24 months was selected using a simple random sampling method. A structured questionnaire was adopted and data were collected by an interviewer. Collected data were entered into Epi Data version 4.6 and subsequently converted to SPSS version 21 for further analysis. Variables with a P-value <  = 0.25 in the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model. Multivariable logistic regression analyses aimed at identifying independent associations between early initiation of supplement feeding and determinants-adjusted odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated to determine the strength of associations. P-values less than or equal to 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

Results
A total of 409 mothers with their children were included in the analysis, revealing a prevalence of 38.1% for early initiation of complementary feeding among children aged 6–24 months. Factors associated with -early initiation included place of residence (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) 3.63, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.1–11.95), husband’s educational status (AOR 16.83, 95% CI 1.98–24.8), maternal occupation (AOR 21.2, 95% CI 1.11–46.9), number of antenatal care (ANC) visits (AOR 25.94, 95% CI 22.7–85.67), initial breastfeeding time (AOR 4.98, 95% CI 1.22–14.9), and medical illness (AOR 2.81, 95% CI 1.12–3.6.

Conclusion
Significant associations with Complementary Feeding were identified with the number of antenatal care (ANC) visits, postnatal care (PNC) check-ups, current residency, breastfeeding initiation time, maternal medical illness, and occupational status. To mitigate the early initiation of complementary feeding, it is recommended to enhance ANC/PNC services and educate mothers about the precise timing for introducing complementary foods to their infants.
Highlight selection of radiochemistry and radiopharmacy developments by editorial board
Authors: Toyohara Jun , Vugts Danielle , Kiss Oliver C. , Todde Sergio , Li Xiang-Guo , Liu Zhibo , Yang Zhi , Gillings Nic , Cazzola Emiliano , Szymanski Wiktor , Meulen Nick van der , Reilly Raymond , Taddei Carlotta , Schirrmacher Ralf , Li Zijing , Lagebo Yohannes Jorge , Bentaleb Naoual , Souza Albernaz Marta de , Lapi Suzanne , Ramogida Caterina , Mukherjee Archana , Ajenjo Javier , Deuther-Conrad Winnie , Bourdeau Cécile 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The Editorial Board of EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry releases a biannual highlight commentary to update the readership on trends in the field of radiopharmaceutical development.

Main body
This selection of highlights provides commentary on 24 different topics selected by each coauthoring Editorial Board member addressing a variety of aspects ranging from novel radiochemistry to first-in-human application of novel radiopharmaceuticals.

Conclusion
Trends in radiochemistry and radiopharmacy are highlighted. Hot topics cover the entire scope of EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry, demonstrating the progress in the research field in many aspects.
Investigating causes of femicide in Egypt: review
Authors: Hassan Fatma Mohamed , Hussein Maged Nabil , Moawad Asmaa Mohammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Femicide is a fundamental human rights violation that compromises one’s life, liberty, and personal safety and impedes social and economic advancement. In recent years, Egypt has witnessed an alarming rise in the number of femicide cases. Unfortunately, there is limited data about the magnitude of this problem or factors contributing to the surge in femicide incidents. Consequently, this review aims to discuss the phenomenon of femicide in Egypt, provide an analysis of its causes, and propose possible solutions.

Main body
Gender disparity, cultural and social norms, impunity, poverty, poor educational level, and insufficient aid services could be contributing factors to femicide in Egypt.

Conclusion
Identifying the potential causes of femicide in Egypt is essential to prevent and reduce its incidence. So, comprehensive studies to understand the true scope of the problem and to monitor femicide trends in Egyptian society are highly recommended. Policymakers in Egypt should take actual steps to develop an effective action plan to combat femicide.
Envisaging challenges for the emerging medicinal Cannabis sector in Lesotho
Authors: Thetsane Regina M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Cultivation of Cannabis and its use for medical purposes has existed for millennia on the African continent. The plant has also been widely consumed in the African continent since time immemorial. In particular, Lesotho has been largely growing Cannabis since approximately the 1550s and was illegally grown and unlawfully used for both medicinal and recreational purposes. It was only in 2017 when Lesotho started licensing Cannabis companies and regulating cultivation of Cannabis for medicinal purposes. However, the Lesotho Cannabis industry seems to have excluded the Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) in the legalisation of Cannabis, the sector has the potential for small Cannabis enterprises in Lesotho.

Objective
This study attempts to examine challenges facing the evolving Cannabis sector in Lesotho as envisaged by Cannabis company managers with the aim of being proactive while addressing such challenges.

Methods
The qualitative descriptive method was employed using both primary and secondary data. For the selection of the three Cannabis managers exponential non-discriminative snowball sampling was adopted and interviews with the managers were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the descriptive explanations of the Cannabis managers to determine the themes that were further consolidated into categories.

Results
The implementation and compliance with the laws in the Lesotho medicinal Cannabis sector has proved very challenging, with long timeframes for finalising regulatory frameworks and not being applied objectively. The industry does not provide opportunities for Small, Medium and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) to venture into the Cannabis business.

Conclusion
In Lesotho, the Cannabis sector appears to be faced with many challenges emanating from the implementation and enforcement of Cannabis laws. The Lesotho Government should review its Cannabis laws and regulations with a view to benefiting SMMEs and legalising Cannabis production so as to serve both the domestic and international markets.
Role of the sigma factor AlgU in regulating growth, virulence, motility, exopolysaccharide production, and environmental stress adaptation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae QSY6
Authors: Zhang Yiju , Fu Min , Wang Qian , Zhang Lei , Chang Xiaoxi , Zhang Lixin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor AlgU is involved in the regulation of various virulence-related pathways in Pseudomonas syringae, especially alginate biosynthesis and motility, and the role of AlgU differs among P. syringae pathovars. However, to date, the mechanism of its regulation in virulence of P. syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is still unclear. ECF sigma factors are a class of alternative sigma factors that typically function with anti-sigma factors as part of cell-surface signaling systems. Under non-inducing conditions, AlgU remains inhibited by anti-sigma factors such as MucA and MucB. To investigate the function of AlgU in Psa, mutant strains lacking algU or lacking algU with mucA and mucB genes, as well as complementary and overexpression strains of algU were generated, respectively. The results showed that AlgU was highly conserved among P. syringae pathovars and positively regulated growth rate, pathogenicity, and resistance to osmotic and oxidative stress of Psa QSY6. While AlgU did not affect the motility and exopolysaccharide production of Psa, its abundant expression enhanced the swimming ability of QSY6 and reduced its production of extracellular polysaccharides. Furthermore, AlgU regulates a number of virulence-related factors, including the Hrp system, the type VI secretion system, and flagellar synthesis. Specifically, AlgU induced the expression of hrpL and hrpRS in vivo, and repressed the transcription of hrpL and tssC in vitro, while promoting the expression of hrpS, fliC, and tssJ. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of virulence regulation of AlgU in Psa.
Diagnostic reliability of chest CT qualitative and quantitative assessment to predict survival and morbidity in oncology patients with COVID-19 infection
Authors: Saleh Gehad A. , Mounir Ahmad M. , Elhawary Mohammed A. , Saleh Marwa , Hamed Manar , Atwa Sara , Sakr Doaa H. , Alghandour Reham 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
To estimate the diagnostic utility of chest CT qualitative assessment and chest CT total severity score (TSS) to predict mortality in oncology patients with COVID-19 infection.

Methods
This retrospective study included 151 oncology patients with COVID-19 infection. 67, 84 were male and female, respectively. Their mean age (years) ± SD was 49.7 ± 14.9. Two radiologists individually reviewed the chest CT and scored the pulmonary abnormalities using TSS. Inter-observer agreement was determined using the Bland–Altman plot. Correlation between TSS and COVID-19 severity, complication, mortality, cancer status and effect in anticancer therapy plan was done.

Results
There was a statistically significant excellent agreement between the independent observers in quantitative pulmonary assessment using TSS with interclass correlation (ICC) > 0.9 (P < 0.001). ROC curve analysis revealed that TSS was statistically significantly higher in non-survivors using an optimum cut-off value of 5 to predict in-hospital mortality. Univariate analysis showed that age, pulmonary predominant pattern, pleural effusion, tree-in-bud, ECOG PS, tumour stage 4 and post-COVID cancer status were a statistically significant predictor of mortality. Multivariate analysis reported that consolidation versus ground-glass opacity (GGO), crazy paving pattern versus GGO and progressive versus remittent cancer diseases were statistically significant independent predictors of mortality among those patients.

Conclusions
TSS demonstrated excellent inter-observer agreement to assess COVID-19 in oncology patients with low cut-off value to predict in-hospital mortality, thus raising the attention to rapid proper care in this setting. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between TSS and delayed chemotherapeutic schedule.
Analysis and evaluation of peer group support for doctors in postgraduate training following workplace violence and aggression
Authors: Carter Rowena , Paphitis Sharli , Oram Sian , McMullen Isabel , Curtis Vivienne 
Published: May 2024

Aims and method
Workplace violence and aggression toward healthcare staff has a significant impact on the individual, causing self-blame, isolation and burnout. Timely and appropriate support can mitigate harm, but there is little research into how this should be delivered. We conducted multi-speciality peer groups for London doctors in postgraduate training (DPT), held over a 6-week period. Pre- and post-group burnout questionnaires and semi-structured interviews were used to evaluate peer support. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistical methods were used to describe the data.

Results
We found four themes: (a) the experience and impact of workplace violence and aggression on DPT, (b) the experience of support following incidents of workplace violence and aggression, (c) the impact and experience of the peer groups and (d) future improvements to support. DPTs showed a reduction in burnout scores.

Clinical implications
Peer groups are effective support for DPT following workplace violence and aggression. Embedding support within postgraduate training programmes would improve access and availability.
Step 4 for the treatment of periodontal diseases: implementing a supportive periodontal care programme
Authors: Leyland Stephanie , Hughes Francis J , McCarthy Claire 
Published: May 2024

The long-term success of periodontal treatment is critically dependent on the implementation of a regular programme of supportive periodontal care (SPC). An SPC programme involves regular recall intervals of between 3 and 12 months according to a range of factors, including patient compliance, presence of risk factors and severity of initial disease. An SPC visit will include repeat examination of the periodontal tissues, assessments of gingival bleeding and probing depths, patient plaque control and presence of new deposits. Reinforcement of OH procedures is carried out, and any professional mechanical removal of deposits carried out as required. Evidence of relapse of disease may require referral for further active therapy. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Successful periodontal treatment in the long term is dependent on a regular supportive periodontal care programme.
Management of mobile teeth
Authors: Shah Chandni , Claydon Nick 
Published: May 2024

Tooth mobility leads to a reduced quality of life characterized by patient discomfort, masticatory dysfunction and aesthetic concern. It may be caused by different factors that are important to identify in order to aid management, which may be non-surgical (monitoring, periodontal debridement, splinting and/or occlusal adjustment) or surgical (periodontal surgery or extractions). This article addresses the diagnostic process, aetiology and management of tooth mobility. The aim is to deliver and maintain a healthy periodontium and improve quality of life by restoring function and comfort to the patient. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Tooth mobility is a common yet challenging problem within dentistry to identify and manage.