bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A New Fluorescent PET Probe for Hydrogen Peroxide and its Use in Enzymatic Assays for L‐Lactate and D‐Glucose
Authors: Groegel Dominik B. M. , Link Martin , Duerkop Axel , Wolfbeis Otto S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe present a new probe for the determination of hydrogen peroxide (HP). It is based on the yellow fluorophore 4‐amino‐1,8‐napththalimide, coupled to p‐anisidine (as a redox‐active group) to form a probe that is based on photoinduced electron transfer (PET). The preparation of the probe (which we refer to as “HP Green”) was accomplished in four steps with good yield. Its fluorescence is independent of pH in the physiological range and quenched by a PET process that occurs between the p‐anisidine redox moiety and the naphthalimide luminophore. If the p‐anisidine group is oxidized by HP, PET is suppressed and fluorescence intensity is strongly increased. Addition of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enhances the oxidation of HP Green and further improves the detection limit of HP. The use of HRP and HP Green enables the determination of HP concentration in a range of 0.1 to 5 μM, with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 64 nM (16 pmol per well in microtiter plates). HP Green and HRP also enable sensitive enzymatic assays of oxidase substrates in a kinetic format, as shown for L‐lactate and D‐glucose. L‐Lactate concentration can be rapidly determined between 0.5 and 10 μM after 6 minutes of incubation at 30 °C, with an LOD of 164 nm (41 pmol per well). This LOD is more than sixfold lower than that of the best commercial assays for lactate. The detection range for D‐glucose is 2 to 30 μm, and the LOD is 644 nM (161 pmol per well). These are among the lowest concentrations detectable for oxidase‐based assays. The hexanoic acid moiety in HP Green may be further used to immobilize the probe in order to obtain sensor layers for continuous assays.
Functionalized Boranes for Hydrogen Storage
Authors: Pathak Biswarup , Pradhan Kalpataru , Hussain Tanveer , Ahuja Rajeev , Jena Purusottam 
Published: November 2011

AbstractUsing density functional theory, the generalized gradient approximation for the exchange‐correlation potential and Møller–Plesset perturbation theory we study the hydrogen uptake of Li‐ and Mg‐doped boranes. Specifically, we calculate the structures and binding energies of hydrogen molecules sequentially attached to LiB6H7, LiB12H13, Li2B6H6, Li2B12H12, MgB6H6, and MgB12H12. Up to three H2 molecules can be bound quasi‐molecularly to each of the metal cations with binding energies per H2 molecule ranging between 0.07 eV and 0.27 eV. The corresponding gravimetric densities lie in the range of 3.49 to 12 wt %, not counting the H atoms bound chemically to the B atoms.
One‐Pot Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Benzils by Oxidative Coupling Using Selenium Dioxide and p‐Toluenesulfonic Acid Monohydrate
Authors: Rohman Md. Rumum , Kharkongor Icydora , Rajbangshi Mantu , Mecadon Hormi , Laloo Badaker M. , Sahu Priti R. , Kharbangar Iadeishisha , Myrboh Bekington 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe oxidative coupling of the α‐carbon atom of aromatic ketones with unactivated arenes in the presence of selenium dioxide and p‐toluenesulfonic acid monohydrate is described. A number of unsymmetrical benzils have been prepared in good yields (38–75 %) with high regioselectivity. The generality and functional tolerance of this new protocol is demonstrated. The mechanistic pathway for the oxidative coupling reaction is also described. The reaction displays superiority in terms of minimization of steps with the C–C bond formation promoted by SeO2 and pTsOH·H2O. This method is advantageous as the reactants used as the solvent can be recovered.
Sialadenoma papilliferum of the parotid gland: Case report and review of literature
Authors: Loehn Bridget , Sutton Collin , Jastram‐Belcher Jennifer , Harton Anthony , Anderson Dwayne , R Walvekar Rohan 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSialadenoma papilliferum is a rare benign salivary gland tumor. We present an unusual case of sialadenoma papilliferum of the parotid gland, discuss clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and review of the literature. A 65‐year‐old male smoker presented with a large, exophytic, fungating, painless mass in the tail parotid for 8 years. The tumor developed an exophytic component 2 years before presentation. The patient subsequently underwent superficial parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation. Initial pathological analysis suggested a variant of Warthin's tumor. The pathology underwent extensive internal and external review. Final diagnosis was consistent with sialadenoma papilliferum. We present the fourth reported case of sialadenoma papilliferum within the parotid gland and only the second that has presented with breach of the overlying skin. The clinical presentation may mimic an advanced parotid malignancy. However, facial nerve preservation and good surgical outcomes can be obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Improvement in survival during the past 4 decades among patients with anterior skull base cancer
Authors: Gil Ziv , Fliss Dan M. , Cavel Oren , Shah Jatin P. , Kraus Dennis H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to determine the trends in survival of patients with anterior skull base cancer over several decades and to identify time‐related changes in the demographic and clinical characteristics of this population.MethodsIn all, 282 patients who underwent craniofacial resection at Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center and Tel Aviv Medical Center were studied. Patients were categorized in accord with the period of surgery: early (1973–1984, n = 34), intermediate (1985–1996, n = 72), and later (1997–2008, n = 176).ResultsPatients operated after 1996 had higher rates of comorbidity, dural and pterygopalatine invasion, and multicompartmental involvement than those operated before 1996 (p ≤ .001). There was a significant improvement in 5‐year overall and disease‐specific survival, from 55% and 57%, respectively, for patients operated before 1996, to 66% and 70%, respectively, for those operated after 1996 (p = .02 and p = .006, respectively). On multivariate analysis, surgery after 1996 was an independent predictor of outcome (HR, 0.39, p < .001).ConclusionsThe survival of patients with anterior skull base cancer is improving. Surgery after 1996 is an independent prognostic factor for an improved outcome. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Stereotactic body radiation therapy for locally recurrent, previously irradiated nonsquamous cell cancers of the head and neck
Authors: Vargo John A. , Wegner Rodney E. , Heron Dwight E. , Ferris Robert L. , Rwigema Jean‐Claude M. , Quinn Annette , Gigliotti Patricia , Ohr James , Kubicek Greg J. , Burton Steven 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackgroundStereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) has emerged as a promising salvage strategy for patients with recurrent, previously irradiated head and neck cancer; however, data are limited predominantly to squamous cell carcinomas. Herein, we report the efficacy of SBRT in recurrent, nonsquamous cell cancers of the head and neck (NSCHNs).MethodsIn all, 34 patients with pathologically proven NSCHN were reirradiated with SBRT to a median dose of 40 Gy in 5 fractions (interquartile range, 30–44 Gy). Toxicity and quality of life were followed prospectively.ResultsMedian follow‐up was 10 months (absolute range, 0–55 months). The 6‐month/1‐year local control rate was 77/59%, with a 6‐month/1‐year overall survival of 76/59%. Local control was significantly improved for tumors <25 mL (p = .030). Acute/late grade 3 toxicity was 15/6%, with no grade 4–5 toxicity.ConclusionsSBRT for previously irradiated, locally recurrent NSCHN provides promising local control, especially for tumors <25 mL, with minimal toxicity. The optimal dose for larger tumors remains to be defined. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Enhanced production of α‐amylase from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii in solid state fermentation by response surface methodology and its evaluation in the hydrolysis of raw potato starch
Authors: Soni Sanjeev Kumar , Goyal Nidhi , Gupta Jugal Kishore , Soni Raman 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis is an attempt to lower the cost of starch hydrolysis by the discovery of new generation α‐amylase. A natural isolate of Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii was capable of producing appreciable amounts of raw potato starch digesting α‐amylase in solid state fermentation of wheat bran. The enzyme productivity has been substantially enhanced by supplementing various nutrients and statistically studying their interactions by response surface methodology. A central composite design for amylase production system elucidated a wheat bran‐based medium supplemented with soybean meal, threonine, and B‐complex vitamins predicting a yield of 521 391 U/g dry solids. The enzyme preparation could effectively digest 5–15% suspension of insoluble potato starch in 6 h revealing the dextrose equivalent of 32–44. The supplementation of a glucoamylase preparation, thereafter, brought about complete saccharification. The yield achieved in the statistically optimized amylase system may be one of the best to date and its capability in directly liquefying raw potato starch granules makes this study novel.
The water that cannot be stopped: Southern Paiute perspectives on the Colorado River and the operations of Glen Canyon Dam
Authors: Austin Diane , Drye Brenda 
Published: November 2011

Abstract
Construction and operation of water infrastructure, such as dams, historically has been carried out with little attention paid to mitigating the impacts of such activities on the livelihoods and values of those for whom the water being managed. Enhanced awareness of the need to take into account a wide range of interests, as well as social, cultural, and ecological impacts of water projects, has prompted efforts to include such interests in decision processes. Glen Canyon Dam, located on the Colorado River upstream from Grand Canyon National Park, in the U.S. state of Arizona, has become the center of a complex adaptive management program which aims to recognize both locally specific and broader interests in the water that flows through the dam. A part of this effort has focused on integrating the concerns and values of Native Americans with historic and ongoing ties to the area affected by the dam. The experience of two Southern Paiute tribes, as participants in this effort, foregrounds the challenges and possibilities of changing the ways in which non-market values of water are conceptualized and, by extension, how water resources are defined and managed.
Post-surgical tympanostomy tube follow up with audiology: experience at the Freeman Hospital
Authors: Davies-Husband C R , Harker C , Davison T , Yates P D 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground:Tympanostomy tube (grommet) insertion is a common procedure, with little guidance in the current literature regarding post-operative surveillance. Our institution implemented a protocol to follow up post-surgical grommet patients via audiology at six weeks.Methods:A retrospective audit of all patients less than 16 years old who had undergone grommet insertion during a three-month period.Results:A total of 149 patients had grommets inserted. Exclusion criteria left a cohort of 123 individuals; 82 (67 per cent) were followed up by audiology. Of these, 13 (11 per cent) did not attend follow up, and were discharged; 53 (43 per cent) were discharged from audiology with normal thresholds; and 16 (13 per cent) were referred back to a consultant. Therefore, the overall reduction in patients followed up by an otolaryngologist was 54 per cent.Conclusion:We recommend a six-week follow up with audiology following grommet insertion, allowing for referral back to ENT services in the event of related complications.
Structural basis for interaction between the conserved cell polarity proteins Inscuteable and Leu-Gly-Asn repeat-enriched protein (LGN)
Authors: Yuzawa Satoru , Kamakura Sachiko , Iwakiri Yuko , Hayase Junya , Sumimoto Hideki 
Published: November 2011

Interaction between the mammalian cell polarity proteins mInsc (mammalian homologue of Inscuteable) and Leu-Gly-Asn repeat-enriched protein (LGN), as well as that between their respective
Drosophila
homologues Inscuteable and Partner of Inscuteable (Pins), plays crucial roles in mitotic spindle orientation, a process contributing to asymmetric cell division. Here, we report a crystal structure of the LGN-binding domain (LBD) of human mInsc complexed with the N-terminal tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) motifs of human LGN at 2.6-Å resolution. In the complex, mInsc-LBD adopts an elongated structure with three binding modules—an α-helix, an extended region, and a β-sheet connected with a loop—that runs antiparallel to LGN along the concave surface of the superhelix formed by the TPRs. Structural analysis and structure-based mutagenesis define residues that are critical for mInsc–LGN association, and reveal that the activator of G-protein signaling 3 (AGS3)-binding protein Frmpd1 [4.1/ezrin/radixin/moesin (FERM) and PSD-95/Dlg/ZO-1 (PDZ) domain-containing protein 1] and its relative Frmpd4 interact with LGN via a region homologous to a part of mInsc-LBD, whereas nuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA) and the C terminus of LGN recognize the TPR domain in a manner different from that by mInsc. mInsc binds to LGN with the highest affinity (
K
D
≈ 2.4 nM) and effectively replaces the Frmpd proteins, NuMA, and the LGN C terminus, suggesting the priority of mInsc in binding to LGN. We also demonstrate, using mutant proteins, that mInsc–LGN interaction is vital for stabilization of LGN and for intracellular localization of mInsc.
IV.—THE FORM OF PARTICLES OF NICKEL PRODUCED BY THE CARBONYL PROCESS
Authors: Cuckow F. W. 
Published: November 2011

Summary.Electron microscopical examination of (carbonyl) nickel powders consisting of particles a few microns in diameter has revealed two types of powder consisting respectively of (a) a mixture of irregularly shaped and cube‐shaped particles each with rough surfaces and (b) characteristically shaped particles with smooth surfaces. The form of the smooth surfaced particles could not be determined until evidence from the electron microscope was combined with evidence from the light microscope. It was then inferred that the smooth‐surfaced particles were single crystals in the form of icositetrahedra, probable indices of faces {544}.
I.—CHEMICALLY INDUCED DERANGEMENTS OF CELL DIVISION*
Authors: Ludford R. J. 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisThe same typo of mitotic aberration can be induced by substances of dissimilar chemical constitution. Conversely, in the presence of certain compounds almost every conceivable kind of abnormality of division can be observed. Nevertheless, certain substances in high dilution exert a highly specific action on dividing cells, without appreciably injuring “resting” cells.The phases of mitosis are characterized by fluctuations in the water content of definite regions of the cell. Furthermore, hypotonicity and hypertonicity of the surrounding medium can cause derangements of all phases of mitosis. It is therefore suggested that mitotic aberrations are explicable as the result of chemical and physical reactions bringing about alterations in the normal distribution and interchange of water amongst the protein molecules of different parts of the cell at various stages of division. This conception does not invalidate the probability that in certain instances specific chemical reactions are involved which determine precisely the type of mitotic aberration that will occur.
V.—THE GOLGI APPARATUS OF THE LIVING SYMPATHETIC GANGLION CELL OF THE MOUSE, PHOTOGRAPHED BY PHASE‐CONTRAST MICROSCOPY
Authors: Gatenby J. Brontë 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisThe Golgi apparatus of the cœliaco‐mesenteric ganglion cells of the mouse from birth to near full size is wrapped characteristically around the nucleus, so that it can be seen clearly with the phase‐contrast microscope. As the mouse ages, the Golgi apparatus breaks up and tends to loosen from around the nucleus. Photomicrographs of the apparatus of living cells are given.
VI.—THE SPECIFICATION OF A STANDARD MICROSCOPE COVER‐GLASS
Authors: Setterington R. 
Published: November 2011

SynopsisFor a considerable time the consistency of the optical properties of microscope cover‐glasses was accepted without question by the majority of users. Occasionally, however, an appreciable falling off in image definition was detected and the cause was traced to discrepancies in the cover‐glass. The attention of the Standards Committee of the Royal Microscopical Society was formally drawn to this problem and they undertook to specify the optical properties of a standard cover‐glass which would be internationally acceptable. This paper describes the work done on behalf of this committee in specifying the absolute values of the variables and evaluating tolerances. The validity of the tolerances has been confirmed by practical methods, the results of which are given.
VI.—TOWARDS A SOLUTION OF THE GOLGI PROBLEM: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN CYTOCHEMISTRY AND ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: Baker John R. 
Published: November 2011

SYNOPSISThe Golgi techniques cause the deposition of silver or osmium on the Dalton complex (an association of double membranes, vacuoles, and granules seen in electron micrographs of the cytoplasm of many kinds of cells). It is denied that the Dalton complex occurs in all kinds of cells. In the neurones of gastropods (and in many other cells of invertebrates) the Golgi techniques reveal lipid droplets having no relationship with the Dalton complex. It is uncertain what objects in the living cell are responsible for the production of the classical Golgi apparatus of the neurones of vertebrates.Some cells contain the Dalton complex and also phospholipid droplets; both these kinds of cytoplasmic inclusions are blackened by the Golgi techniques. Several cases are quoted in which two quite different objects in the same cell have both been called Golgi apparatus.The following appear to be the only cytoplasmic inclusions that occur regularly in all or nearly all kinds of cells: mitochondria, lipid droplets (very diverse in structure and chemical composition), endoplasmic reticulum, “small particles” of Palad.
VII.—A NOTE ON THE DIATOM FLORA OF HARLECH SAND DUNES
Authors: Round F. E. 
Published: November 2011

SYNOPSISThe diatom flora of dry dune side mosses, of damp sand in blow‐outs and slacks, and of Hypnoid mosses growing in the slacks has been recorded from samples collected from the Harlech dunes. Each habitat has been shown to have characteristic diatom communities and these have been compared with those found on other dune systems. A possible inter‐relation of diatom communities is outlined.
A SELF‐CONTAINED, TRANSPORTABLE CINEMICROSCOPE
Authors: Pybus W. , Roberts D. C. , Trevan D. J. 
Published: November 2011

SYNOPSISThe construction of a self‐contained, transportable cinemicroscope based on an inverted microscope stand is described.The apparatus provides for accurate control of the temperature of the specimen and for a wide range of photographic procedures. It is suitable for use for a variety of biological problems.In the course of experiments on the behaviour of cells in controlled environments, it became apparent that there was a lack of suitable commercial cinephotomicrographic apparatus at a modest price, and that this was deterring a number of workers from employing cinephoto‐micrography as a technique in their investigations. Since we required apparatus additional to the simple cinemicroscope we have already described (Trevan & Roberts, 1960; Pybus, 1960) we determined as a research project to develop a cinemicroscope with the following considerations in mind:1. It should be suitable for use for a wide variety of biological problems, including those requiring time‐lapse photography.2. It should be self‐contained and transportable.3. It should be simple to construct, to operate, and to maintain.4. It should be constructed as far as possible from standard, commercially available parts.5. The cost should be low.
THE MATRIX IN CARIES‐RESISTANT TEETH
Authors: Little K. 
Published: November 2011

SYNOPSISA method is described for preparing sections of teeth. In caries‐prone enamel it involves the destruction of the component of the matrix which commonly occurs in prism cores, and which is the vulnerable component during the onset of caries. In caries‐free teeth, and fluorozed teeth, the method used does not remove this component. In caries‐free teeth from A.D. 150 it is also unaffected, and it is deduced that its occurrence in the more easily degraded form is a result of pathological processes.In the calcification within dentinal tubules, often regarded as a secondary defence against caries, there are two types of calcifiable matrix, one being produced by the bacteria themselves.
CYTOCHEMICAL OBSERVATIONS DURING SPERMATOGENESIS IN CERTAIN ARTHROPODS
Authors: Mathur R. S. 
Published: November 2011

SYNOPSISThe germ cells of the arthropods Oniscus asellus, Petrobius maritimus, and Schistocerca gregaria have been studied during spermatogenesis by a variety of modern cytochemical and enzyme‐blocking techniques. The chemical composition of the Golgi bodies, mitochondrial nebenkerne, nucleus, and cytoplasm has been determined and found to have some variation in distribution. The chemical composition of the centriole could not be determined.
THE ROLE OF FIXATION IN ELECTRON STAINING
Authors: Marinozzi V. 
Published: November 2011

SYNOPSISObservations made on the influence of the fixative on staining of thin tissue sections for electron microscopy permit the following statements:After acrolein fixation it is possible to demonstrate basic proteins of the chromatin by silver impregnation. The staining appears to be mediated by the product of the reaction between the fixative and the imidazole groups of histidine.In the absence of reduced osmium (fixation by formol or acrolein or preliminary oxidation of sections of osmium‐fixed tissue) conventional lead methods result in a selective staining of the ribonucleoproteins. Under the same conditions, a selective staining of the plasma membrane (or an associated substance) can be achieved by phosphotungstic acid.After formol or acrolein fixation, uranyl acetate (at pH 4.5 to 5) stains the desoxyribonucleoproteins more intensely than the ribonucleoproteins. The strongest differentiation between the nucleoproteins is found to occur after formol‐osmium fixation.
ADENOSINETRIPHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY OF AVIAN TUMOURS STUDIED BY ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
Authors: de Thé Guy , Novikoff A. B. , Beard J. W. 
Published: November 2011

The cortex of the thymus of leukemic chickens diseased with the BAI strain A tumour virus responds to the infection by a strong adenosinetriphosphatase activity and by a progressive replacement of the normal lymphoid cells by a new population of blast‐like elements (de Thé, et al.). Electron microscopic studies of this ATPase activity were made on tissue fixed overnight in formol calcium (Baker, 1946) or formol phosphate (Lillie, 1954). Frozen 40 μ sections (Holt & Hicks, 1961) were incubated 4 min at room temperature in the Wachstein and Meisel medium (Wachstein & Meisel, 1957) and processed for electron microscopy.Positive reaction was found at the cytoplasmic membrane of the blast‐like cells, and no reaction occurred in association with lymphoid cells of the morphology of those of the normal cortex. Lead phosphate precipitate also occurred about virus particles (de Thé, et al., 1962; Novikoff, et al.) in the intercellular spaces indicating the usual ATPase activity of the agent (Beard, 1962) in this situation.Studies were made in the same way on the nephroblastoma (Heine, et al., 1962) arising in birds inoculated with BAI strain A virus and not dying of leukemia. After incubation for 10 to 50 min at 37°C in the ATPase medium, the different components of the tumour, namely, nephronic structures, sarcomatous elements and cartilage as well as the virus formed in these different components gave varied results.