bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delta radiomics modeling based on CTP for predicting hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in acute cerebral infarction: an 8-year retrospective pilot study
Authors: Wu Xiaxia , Yang Jinfang , Ji Xianqun , Ye Yingjian , Song Ping , Song Lina , An Peng 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveTo explore the value of delta radiomics from cerebral CT perfusion (CTP) in predicting hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis for acute cerebral infarction (HT-ACI).MethodsClinical and imaging data of 419 patients with acute cerebral infarction who underwent CTP after treatment between November 2016 and August 2024 were retrospectively collected. Based on post-thrombolysis cranial CT or MRI results, patients were divided into the HT-ACI group (114 cases) and the non-HT-ACI group (305 cases). The dataset was split into a training set and a test set in a 7:3 ratio based on time nodes. In the training set, regions of interest (ROI) within the cerebral infarction area on CTP images were delineated using 3D slicer software, and delta radiomic features were extracted. Hemodynamic parameters such as cerebral blood volume (CBV), cerebral blood flow (CBF), and time to peak (TTP) were obtained using CTP techniques. These were combined with baseline patient data (e.g., age, sex, NIHSS score, medical history) to establish various models for predicting HT-ACI through multivariable logistic regression analysis. The predictive performance of the models was compared using DeLong curves, clinical net benefit was assessed using decision curves, and model predictions were validated using the XGboost algorithm. These results were then validated in the test set, and a nomogram and calibration curve were constructed for clinical application.ResultsIn the training set, significant differences were observed between the two groups in NIHSS score, pre-illness usually use of anticoagulants, age, infarction size, ADC difference, CBF, and Delta radscore (P &lt; 0.05). The combined model [AUC 0.878, OR 0.0217, 95%CI 0.835–0.913] demonstrated superior predictive performance compared to the clinical model [AUC 0.725, OR 0.0310, 95%CI 0.670–0.775] and the imaging model [AUC 0.818, OR 0.0259, 95%CI 0.769–0.861]. This was confirmed by the XGboost algorithm, and decision curves confirmed the higher clinical net benefit of the combined model. Similar results were validated in the test set, and a novel nomogram was constructed to simplify the prediction process for HT-ACI.ConclusionThe combined model established based on delta radiomics from CTP may provide early insights into the hemodynamic status of acutely ischemic brain tissue, holding significant clinical importance for predicting HT-ACI. This method could offer a powerful imaging reference for clinical decision-making in patients with ACI, helping to reduce the risk of HT-ACI and improve patient outcomes.
Case report: Low-dose radiation reverses pembrolizumab resistance in melanoma
Authors: Fong Ka Hey Agnes , Ho Isaac , So Tsz Him 
Published: February 2025

Immunotherapy has been the mainstay of the initial systemic treatment for metastatic melanoma regardless of the tumor’s genetic mutation status (Atkins et al., 2022). It is known to offer long-term overall and treatment-free survival benefits, also with generally tolerable side effect profiles. However, upon disease progression on first- and second-line immunotherapy, further systemic treatment options are limited especially for cases without actionable molecular alterations. With emerging evidence suggesting that radiotherapy can enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy via various mechanisms, together with its potential abscopal effect, the possibility of overcoming immunotherapy resistance with radiotherapy is theoretically sound. We report a case of metastatic melanoma which demonstrated a reversal of immunotherapy resistance after the addition of low-dose radiotherapy to progressive tumor. Complete metabolic remission is achieved with durable response observed.
Alleviation of DSS-induced colitis by Meconopsis polysaccharides correlated with reduced PI3K/AKT signaling and gut microbiome diversity
Authors: Dai Jun , Wang Weidong , He Fangfang , Wang Yujuan , Zou Denglang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a recurrent gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts patients’ quality of life globally. This study focuses on the polysaccharides (MP) extracted from Meconopsis integrifolia, to investigate its role in alleviating DSS (dextran sulfate sodium)-induced colitis in mice.MethodsThe study commenced with a comprehensive chemical characterization of Meconopsis polysaccharides. Subsequently, the colitis-alleviating activity of MP was validated through in vivo experiments.ResultsThe results revealed that MP is primarily composed of ten monosaccharides, exhibits good thermal stability, and has a relatively uniform molecular weight distribution. In vivo experiments demonstrated that MP significantly mitigated DSS-induced weight loss, increased DAI, colon shortening, and tissue damage in mice. Furthermore, MP reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 in serum. Mechanistically, MP exerted its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, MP promoted gut microbiota diversity and regulated SCFA concentrations, contributing to an improved intestinal microenvironment and alleviation of colitis symptoms.DiscussionOur findings highlight the superior effectiveness of Meconopsis polysaccharides in alleviating DSS-induced colitis and open new avenues for targeted therapeutic strategies in the treatment of IBD.
Functional characterization in Chimonobambusa utilis reveals the role of bHLH gene family in bamboo sheath color variation
Authors: Tong Long , Zeng Qingping , Guo Yuan , Li Yanjie , Li Hongyan , Chen Lijie , Liu Xia 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins are a large family of transcription factors that are essential to physiology, metabolism, and development. However, the available information is limited about the bHLH gene family in Chimonobambusa utilis, which is widely cultivated in China because of its high-quality and economic value. C. utilis cultivars exhibit five natural color variations in their shoot sheaths, but the molecular mechanism behind this color diversity remains unclear.MethodsDe novo assembly was employed to obtain gene sequences. To identify pathways related to color formation, GO enrichment analysis was performed on the 44,255 functionally annotated unigenes.ResultsThe transcriptomic analysis of C. utilis yielded a total of 195,977 transcripts and 75,137 unigenes after removing redundancy. The enrichment results revealed that four pathways were most strongly associated with color formation. Phylogenetic, conserved motif, and protein–protein interaction analyses, along with qRT–PCR validation, confirmed CubHLH17's role in red sheath color.DiscussionThis research not only deepens insights into the functional roles of CubHLH genes but also lays the foundation for genetic improvement of bamboo species. We suggest that these findings will contribute to both scientific research and commercial bamboo cultivation through gene editing technology in the future.
Effect of a mindfulness program on stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, social support, and life satisfaction: a quasi-experimental study in college students
Authors: Alvarado-García Paul Alan Arkin , Soto-Vásquez Marilú Roxana , Infantes Gomez Francisco Mercedes , Guzman Rodriguez Natalia Mavila , Castro-Paniagua William Gil 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThe university experience often brings various personal and academic challenges that can negatively impact students’ mental health. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of a mindfulness program on stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, social support, and life satisfaction among university students.MethodsA quasi-experimental study was conducted with 128 participants, divided into experimental and waiting list control groups. The experimental group participated in a mindfulness meditation program consisting of 12 weekly sessions. Pre-test and post-test measurements were performed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SS), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) to assess the variables.ResultsThe experimental group showed statistically significant differences between the study phases and the groups after the intervention for all the variables examined (p &lt; 0.05). The effect sizes calculated using the HC3 model were stress (η2 = 0.376), anxiety (η2 = 0.538), depression (η2 = 0.091), sleep quality (η2 = 0.306), social support (η2 = 0.704), and life satisfaction (η2 = 0.510). The mindfulness program was shown to be effective in reducing levels of stress, anxiety, and depression while also improving sleep quality, social support, and life satisfaction in college students.ConclusionThese findings indicate that mindfulness meditation may be valuable for enhancing psychological well-being in educational settings.
A novel framework to predict ADHD symptoms using irritability in adolescents and young adults with and without ADHD
Authors: Komijani Saeedeh , Ghosal Dipak , Singh Manpreet K. , Schweitzer Julie B. , Mukherjee Prerona 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children and adolescents characterized by persistent patterns of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness. ADHD persists for many into adulthood. While irritability is not a diagnostic symptom of ADHD, temper outbursts and irritable moods are common in individuals with ADHD. However, research on the association between irritability and ADHD symptoms in adolescents and young adults remains limited.MethodPrior research has used linear regression models to examine longitudinal relations between ADHD and irritability symptoms. This method may be impacted by the potential presence of highly colinear variables. We utilized a hierarchical clustering technique to mitigate these collinearity issues and implemented a non-parametric machine learning (ML) model to predict the significance of symptom relations over time. Our data included adolescents (N=148, 54% ADHD) and young adults (N=124, 42% ADHD) diagnosed with ADHD and neurotypical (NT) individuals, evaluated in a longitudinal study.ResultsResults from the linear regression analysis indicate a significant association between irritability at time-point 1 (T1) and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms at time-point 2 (T2) in adolescent females (β=0.26, p-value &lt; 0.001), and inattentiveness at T1 with irritability at T2 in young adult females (β=0.49, p-value &lt; 0.05). Using a non-parametric-based approach, employing the Random Forest (RF) method, we found that among both adolescents and young adults, irritability in adolescent females significantly contributes to predicting impulsive symptoms in subsequent years, achieving a performance rate of 86%.ConclusionOur results corroborate and extend prior findings, allowing for an in-depth examination of longitudinal relations between irritability and ADHD symptoms, namely hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness, and the unique association between irritability and ADHD symptoms in females.
Exploring the impact of growth mindset on psychological symptoms in students from ethnic regions of China: how meaning in life makes a difference
Authors: Fang Zuozhi , Fu Zhongfang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionDrawing on implicit belief theory, this study examines the relationship between growth mindset and psychological symptoms in adolescents from ethnic minority regions in China, with a focus on the mediating role of meaning in life. Understanding this mechanism can provide insights into protective factors that support adolescent mental health.MethodsStudy 1 employed a cross-sectional mediation model with 1,184 middle school students from Yunnan and Guangxi, using the Growth Mindset Scale, Meaning in Life Questionnaire, and Brief Symptom Inventory. Study 2 adopted a longitudinal mediation model, tracking 618 students over eight months. Multiple regression and structural equation modeling were used to assess direct and indirect effects, controlling for socioeconomic status and age.ResultsGrowth mindset was positively associated with meaning in life and negatively associated with psychological symptoms, including depression, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, and hostility. Longitudinal findings confirmed that growth mindset at T1 predicted lower psychological symptoms at T2, with meaning in life serving as a partial mediator. The mediation effects accounted for 21.55% to 43.33% of the total effect across different symptoms, indicating a cumulative impact over time.DiscussionThese findings highlight the protective role of growth mindset and the importance of meaning in life in adolescent mental health. The consistency of the mediation effect across cross-sectional and longitudinal models suggests that interventions promoting growth mindset and meaning-building strategies could have sustained mental health benefits. These insights have practical implications for school-based programs aimed at fostering resilience and psychological well-being in adolescents.
Development and validation of the multi-dimensional health resilience scale for community-dwelling adults
Authors: Ge Lixia , Yip Wan Fen , Li Ruijie , Chua Eric Siang Seng , Ho Moon-Ho R. , Ho Andy Hau Yan , Chua Evon Yiwen , Cheng Dolly , Leong Ian Yi Onn , Chieh Pann Pei , Tan Woan Shin 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionResilience measures generally are not health specific, nor do they account for the multiple dimensions required for individuals to overcome health challenges. To bridge this gap, we developed and validated a multi-dimensional Health Resilience Scale (HRS) for community-dwelling adults in Singapore.MethodsWe followed standard procedures to develop health resilience construct, identify dimensions, and generate potential items. Expert review and cognitive interviews were conducted to assess content validity and item clarity. The refined 35-item HRS was administered to 650 eligible community-dwelling adults in a cross-sectional survey, along with validation measures, to assess construct validity (including factorial, concurrent, convergent, and divergent validity) and internal consistency reliability.ResultsExploratory factor analysis revealed five factors with 22 items, each factor containing 3 to 5 items. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the five-factor structure with good model fit. The five factors identified in the analysis were conceptualised as the following dimensions of the HRS: “Health mindset,” “Perceived health access,” “Social resourcefulness,” “Relational support,” and “Adaptive adjustment.” The dimensions of “Health mindset,” “Perceived health access,” and “Adaptive adjustment” exhibited moderate and positive correlations with psychological resilience (concurrent validity) as well as hope and self-efficacy (convergent validity). All dimensions had weak or no correlation with maladaptive coping, depression, and anxiety measures (divergent validity). Individuals with better health status scored higher, while those with recent health adversity scored lower on the HRS, confirming divergent validity. Internal consistency reliability was confirmed with Cronbach’s alpha exceeding 0.80 for the total scale and ranging from 0.73 to 0.88 for individual dimensions.ConclusionThe 22-item multi-dimensional HRS demonstrated good reliability and validity, making it an effective tool for assessing health resilience and guiding initiatives aimed to enhance well-being among community members.
Trends in prevalence and disability-adjusted life years for refractive disorders in China and globally from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Lai Fangfang , Xia Hongfang , Wang Liang 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThis study aimed to describe the temporal trends in the prevalence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of refractive disorders (RD) in China and globally from 1990 to 2021 and provide predictions in China for the next decade.MethodsUtilizing open data from the Global Burden of Disease database (2021), this study conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of the RD burden in China and globally, including changes in prevalence and DALYs. Joinpoint regression was employed to calculate the annual percentage change, the average annual percentage change, and its corresponding 95% confidence interval to reflect segmented trends in RD burden. The APC model was used to assess the net effects of age, period, and cohort. The ARIMA model was applied to predict future trends.ResultsThe temporal trend of the health burden of RD in China aligned with the global trend, though the magnitude of change was greater, and the gap between the two had been narrowing recently. In China, the age-standardized DALYs rate for the total population (per 100,000 population) decreased from 74 in 1990 to 66 in 2021 and was projected to fall to 29.43 by 2031. The age-standardized prevalence rate for the total population (per 100,000 population) was expected to decrease to 411.23 by 2031, down from 1568 in 1990 to 1468 in 2021. However, the number of cases and the crude rates of prevalence and DALYs exhibited upward trends. In terms of age-specific rates, older adults exhibited higher prevalence and DALYs rates than younger adults. Regarding gender stratification, females had higher prevalence and DALYs rates than males.ConclusionThe age-standardized rates of prevalence and DALYs for RD have decreased in recent years and may continue to decline over the next decade. However, the crude rates of prevalence and DALYs are on the rise. The health burden of RD remains substantial, with females and the older population bearing a higher burden than males and younger populations.
Extreme Temperatures, Hospital Utilization and Public Health Insurance Spending
Authors: Kim Yusun , Miao Qing , Zhu Ling 
Published: February 2025

ObjectivesThis study examines the impact of extreme temperatures on hospital utilization and public health insurance program spending in a country with no universal health coverage.MethodsUsing nationwide U.S. county-level panel data and a fixed effects model, we estimate the impact of annual variations in the number of hot and cold days on hospital utilization and medical reimbursements for low-income and elderly beneficiaries of public health insurance.ResultsOur results show that extreme heat and mild cold increase medical reimbursements to low-income beneficiaries, while extreme cold increases benefit transfer to the elderly. We find that extreme temperatures have particularly stronger positive effect on hospital admission and inpatient care utilization among old and poor patients. The fiscal impact of extreme temperatures is greater in areas with more generous income eligibility criteria for public health insurance.ConclusionThe study advances our understanding of how extreme temperatures affect healthcare utilization of low-income and elderly populations and the roles public health insurance plays in supporting them from increasing weather risks. Our findings suggest that climate change can augment the financial burden on governments.
Rural-Urban Disparity in Premature Cancer Mortality in Young People Aged 15–44 Years in China, 2004–2021
Authors: Chen Chunrong , Xing Xing , Li Shaojie , Qu Bo , Liu Chunyu , Zhu He 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThis study aims to examine and compare premature cancer mortality in young people aged 15–44 years old between rural and urban areas to inform early-onset cancer prevention.MethodsThe data were obtained from the China Death Surveillance Datasets from 2004 to 2021. The study sample consisted of cancer deaths of young people aged 15–44 years old. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated, and joinpoint regressions were used to examine trends in ASMRs.ResultsThere were overall decreasing trends in ASMRs for all cancers in both rural and urban young people in China from 2004 to 2021. However, the decrease was relatively slower in rural areas, where ASMRs for pancreatic and ovarian cancers showed increasing trends. The five leading types of cancer deaths consistently remained liver, lung, leukemia, stomach, and other cancers in both rural and urban areas after 2013.ConclusionOur findings indicate that there were rural-urban disparities in cancer mortality in young people, which showed a different pattern compared to other age groups. More efforts are needed to develop effective early-onset cancer prevention strategies, with particular emphasis on liver cancer and rural areas.
Integrated Omics Approaches to Explore a New System of Genetic Control of Dibenzothiophene Desulfurization and Aromatic Ring Cleavage by Gordonia alkanivorans Strain 135
Authors: Frantsuzova Ekaterina , Bogun Alexander , Vetrova Anna , Kazakova Elizaveta , Kusainova Tomiris , Tarasova Irina , Pozdnyakova-Filatova Irina , Delegan Yanina 
Published: February 2025

Dibenzothiophene (DBT) is a widespread environmental pollutant. The most common metabolic pathway for DBT degradation by Gordonia strains is the 4S pathway, which is under the control of the dsz operon. The ability to utilize DBT as the sole source of sulfur in Gordonia alkanivorans strain 135 has been revealed. The dsz operon was not detected in the genome of strain 135. In this work, using genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data of strain 135, it was shown that an alternative pathway of DBT transformation is possible in non-dsz Gordonia; the sfnB and tauD genes and two acyl-dehydrogenase genes are significantly involved in the desulfurization process.
Microbial Allies or Adversaries? The Genotype-Dependent Impact of Inoculation on Silver Birch
Authors: Striganavičiūtė Greta , Vaitiekūnaitė Dorotėja , Šilanskienė Milana , Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė Vaida 
Published: February 2025

Microbial inoculation plays a crucial role in shaping plant physiological and biochemical responses, influencing growth, secondary metabolism, and stress-related markers. This study investigates the effects of PAH-degrading microorganisms (Pseudomonas putida, Sphingobium yanoikuyae, and Rhodotorula sphaerocarpa) on the growth, secondary metabolism, photosynthetic pigment, and stress-related biochemical markers of silver birch (Betula pendula Roth) seedlings from two half-sib families grown hydroponically. Results demonstrate family-dependent variations in the response to microbial treatments. In family 73, the growth of both shoots and roots was inhibited by certain microbial treatments, along with a decrease in key biochemical markers such as phenolic content and carotenoids. Conversely, family 86 showed no growth inhibition and exhibited improvements in some biochemical markers, including flavonoids and chlorophyll. Stress indicators, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble sugars, displayed contrasting patterns between families, with increased MDA observed in family 73 under certain microbial treatments. In contrast, family 86 did not exhibit an increase in MDA, suggesting differences in stress mitigation. Soluble sugars were generally reduced in family 73. Antioxidant enzyme activity further highlighted these family-specific responses, with variations in enzymes like ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (POX) across treatments. Notably, significant interactions between family and microbial treatments were observed for several oxidative stress enzymes, underscoring the role of genotype in shaping the response to microbial stress. These findings highlight the genotype-dependent interactions between microbial inoculation and plant secondary metabolism, providing insights into the role of specifically selected microbial inoculation in stress mitigation and growth regulation.