bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Culturally Tailored Intervention on Changes in Body Mass Index and Health-Related Quality of Life of Latino Children and Their Parents
Authors: Cronk Christine E. , Hoffmann Raymond G. , Mueller Mary J. , Zerpa-Uriona Virginia , Dasgupta Mahua , Enriquez Francisco 
Published: March 2011

Purpose. To evaluate the effects of a multicomponent, family-based, culturally tailored intervention for overweight Latino children and their parents. Design. One group pretest/posttest with clinic comparison group. Setting. Community health center in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Subjects. 54 Spanish-speaking, Latino families with children 8 to 11 years of age at enrollment and a body mass index (BMI) > 85th percentile. Thirty-one completed the 12-month follow-up. Main Outcome Measures. BMI, fitness measures, self-reported eating patterns, sedentary behaviors, and quality of life scales. Intervention. Index child and one (index) parent participated in interactive sessions and physical activity reinforced by family goal-setting, staff support, and supplemental activities. Results. Small but statistically significant changes in child BMI z score (Δ = –.13 SD, p < .001) and parent fitness (Δ = .74, p < .04) were documented by paired t-test. Quality of life increased significantly for children (combined Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory score Δ = 10.7, p < .001) and parents (Short Form Health Survey12 mental composite score Δ = 8, p < .022; Wilcoxon rank sum test). BMI z score for clinic comparison children (n = 31) increased significantly during the same time period (Δ = .23 SD, paired t = 4.32, p < .0002). Conclusions. A culturally tailored program for Latino families reduced BMI for enrolled children and significantly enhanced quality of life for children and parents. Intervention approaches that integrate cultural and social circumstances and emphasize goal setting and life style changes may be fruitful for this population of at-risk children. (Am J Health Promot 2011;25[4]:e1–e11.)
Medical Cost Savings for Web-Based Wellness Program Participants from Employers Engaged in Health Promotion Activities
Authors: Williams Laura C. , Day Brian T. 
Published: March 2011

Purpose. Assess whether an insurer-provided Web-based wellness program results in cost and utilization improvements. Design. Quasi-experimental, pre-post, treatment-comparison design. Variables of interest were participation rates; medical, professional, and pharmacy expenditures; inpatient admissions; emergency room visits; and preventive service utilization. Setting. Six hundred forty-three employer-based wellness programs in Pennsylvania. Subjects. Forty-seven employers engaged in the Web-based wellness program and 596 employers who were not engaged. The engaged employer group included 10,463 wellness participants; an equal number of matched nonparticipant employees were identified from employers who were not engaged. Intervention. Web-based wellness program features were added to an on-site program in 2004. The program was followed through 2007. Measures. Outcomes were calculated using health insurance enrollment and claims history. Analysis. Participating employees were compared to nonparticipants using generalized linear mixed models to study changes in costs and utilization. Results. During the 2003 baseline year, engaged employers had greater costs, greater chronic disease prevalence, and greater hospitalization. Costs of program participants showed a lower rate of increase in 2004, and then dropped below those of the nonparticipants for the duration of the study. Between 2003 and 2007, the increase in medical expenditures of the participant group was significantly less than that of the nonparticipant group (31% vs. 46%, p < .01). In addition, the participant group showed a lower increase in professional service expenditures (p = .02) and greater utilization of preventive services (p < .01). Conclusions. Web-based insurer-provided wellness programs may decrease health care costs and encourage preventive service utilization. (Am J Health Promot 2011;25[4]:272–280.)
Anesthetic Management of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Woodrum Derek T , Kheterpal Sachin 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe anesthetic management of pheochromocytoma is complicated and challenging. However, preoperative pharmacologic preparation has greatly improved perioperative outcome, and modern anesthetic drugs combined with advanced monitoring contribute to intraoperative stability. There is great regional and international variation in which intraoperative anesthetic technique is employed and there are little data to suggest one approach over another. Nevertheless, most management principles are universal. Progress lies in improved data collection that is increasingly available with electronic anesthesia information systems.
A Systematic Review and Analysis of Reporting Quality of Studies of Germline Genetic Variants Influencing Susceptibility to Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Ritchie Judith E , Balasubramanian Sabapathy P 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTGenetic susceptibility makes a significant contribution to many multifactorial diseases, such as cancer. Genetic variants have been associated with medullary thyroid cancer but their role in nonmedullary thyroid cancer (NMTC) has not been clearly characterized. Although many published reports have evaluated association between some genetic variants and NMTC, a comprehensive assessment has not been done and the quality of reporting of these studies has not been evaluated. In this study, we report the results of a systematic review of published case-control studies looking at the association of polymorphisms with the susceptibility to nonmedullary thyroid cancer and an assessment of quality of study design, implementation and interpretation.MethodsA systematic review of the existing literature was carried out, identifying studies through a search of the Medline literature via PubMed and through scanning of references of these papers. These papers were then subject to an assessment of quality of reporting using a scoring system modified from previously published criteria.Results50 studies published between 1997 and 2010 were included. These studies included 916 polymorphisms across 62 genes involved in a diverse range of cellular processes using 10,704 cases and 27,707 controls. The median quality score was 70.4% (range 52-93%). Areas of strength and weaknesses in study reporting were identified.ConclusionsResearch on the genetic susceptibility to nonmedullary thyroid cancer is sparse. Published studies are of suboptimal quality, have analyzed few variants and positive findings have not been replicated. Adherence to recently published guidelines on methodology should be encouraged. A consortium led approach involving multiple centers, including large numbers of patients in well-defined study protocols is required to investigate this subject comprehensively.
Cationic Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular [4+2] Cycloaddition between Dienes and Allenyl Ethers
Authors: Wang Guan , Zou Yue , Li Zhiming , Wang Quanrui , Goeke Andreas 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSimple allenyl ethers have been shown to be efficiently activated by cationic gold(I) catalysts to form reactive dienophiles in intermolecular Diels–Alder reactions. A range of different dienes give the cycloaddition products in moderate to excellent yields and good selectivity.
Efficient Synthesis of 9‐Tosylaminofluorene Derivatives by Boron Trifluoride Etherate‐Catalyzed Aza‐Friedel–Crafts Reaction of in situ Generated N‐Tosylbenzaldimines
Authors: Yu Xufen , Lu Xiyan 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn efficient and expeditious boron trifluoride etherate (BF3⋅Et2O) catalyzed one‐pot reaction for the synthesis of N‐tosyl‐9‐aminofluorenes and anthracene derivatives from in situ generated N‐tosylbenzaldimines via an aza‐Friedal–Crafts reaction has been developed. The catalytic reaction shows high substrate tolerance with excellent yields.
Oxaphosphole‐Based Monophosphorus Ligands for Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination Reactions
Authors: Rodriguez Sonia , Qu Bo , Haddad Nizar , Reeves Diana C. , Tang Wenjun , Lee Heewon , Krishnamurthy Dhileepkumar , Senanayake Chris H. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA novel class of C‐2‐substituted oxaphosphole‐based monophosphines 1–4 has been synthesized. Palladium complexes derived from these ligands and their C‐2‐unsubstituted analogs provide general catalysts for amination reactions of challenging aryl and heteroaryl halides with sterically hindered anilines and alkylamines.
Removal of pyridine from water by pervaporation using filled SBR Membranes
Authors: Singha N. R. , Ray S. , Ray S. K. , Konar B. B. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStyrene butadiene rubber (SBR) was efficiently cured (crosslinked) by using sulfur to accelerator ratio less than unity. This cured SBR was further compounded with carbon black filler (grade N330) with three different doses i.e., 5, 10, and 20 wt % of filler to form three different filled and crosslinked membranes, i.e., SBR5, SBR10, and SBR20. These filled rubber membranes and one unfilled but efficiently cured membrane, i.e. SBR0, were used for pervaporative removal of pyridine from its mixtures with water. The filled membranes were found to show better selectivity and mechanical properties but lower flux than the unfilled membrane. All of these membranes showed reasonably good range of flux and pyridine selectivity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Improved adhesion of silicone rubber to polyurethane by surface grafting
Authors: Wang Jing , Xia Weijuan , Liu Kun , Tuo Xinlin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPolyurethane (PU) has widespread applications in implantable devices because of its excellent mechanical and biocompatible properties, whereas weak biostability limits its long‐term implantation. The introduction of silicone rubber (SR) onto the PU surface is an effective method for improving the biostability of PU, but the adhesion of these two polymers is unsatisfactory. In this study, the surface modification of PU via grafting through the introduction of vinyl and SiH groups onto the PU surface was attempted to improve the adhesion of PU to SR. Fourier transform infrared, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were employed to investigate the graft reaction on the PU surface. The interfacial and surface morphology was characterized with scanning electron microscopy. Different PU/SR interfaces after oscillation and shear were compared as well. The results indicated that the PU surface was activated by diisocyanate, which generated free isocyanate groups for the further grafting of vinyl and SiH groups. When addition‐type, room‐temperature‐vulcanized SR was poured onto the PU surface, the vinyl and SiH groups on the PU surface underwent an addition reaction, which improved the adhesion of PU and SR by connecting them with chemical bonds. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Grafting of polyacrylamide from poly(ethylene terephthalate) films
Authors: Zhou Chao , Zhang Hong‐Wen , Jiang Yan , Wang Wen‐Jun , Yu Qiang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPoly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films were modified via the grafting of polyacrylamide (PAAM) onto the surface by surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization and UV‐initiated grafting. The surface composition and morphology of the modified PET films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the surface of the PET film was grafted by PAAM, with its own surface morphology different from that of PET. The properties of the modified PET films were studied by contact‐angle, peeling force, penetrability, haze, and friction factor measurements. The results indicate that the peeling force and friction factor of the modified PET films were higher than those of the unmodified PET film. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Polymerization kinetics of acrylonitrile by oxidation: Reduction system using potassium persulfate/ascorbic acid in an aqueous medium
Authors: Nagaraja G. K. , Demappa T. , Mahadevaiah  
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe kinetics of acrylonitrile polymerization initiated by free radicals formed in situ in a potassium persulfate/ascorbic acid redox system was investigated in an aqueous sulfuric acid medium in the temperature range of 40–70°C. The rate of polymerization and the rate of the disappearance of potassium persulfate were measured. A kinetic scheme involving the production of initiating radicals from the oxidation of ascorbic acid by potassium persulfate ions and termination exclusively by the interaction of chain radicals with persulfate ions is proposed. The effects of some water‐miscible organic solvents on the rate of polymerization were investigated. The temperature dependence of the rate was studied. A possible mechanism consistent with the experimental data is proposed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
The dynamic crystallization and multiple melting behavior of polypropylene in the in‐reactor alloy: A differential scanning calorimetry study
Authors: Zhu Haijin , Yang Hengrui , Zhao Ying , Wang Dujin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe isothermal and nonisothermal crystallization and the subsequent melting behaviors of the polypropylene (PP) component in the in‐reactor alloy were studied systematically by a series of thermal analysis techniques. The alloy sample used in the present study is a newly invented in situ blend of polypropylene with high ethylene–propylene rubber content. The effect of annealing temperatures on the subsequent crystallization and melting process of PP was explained by the different molecular behavior in the three “temperature domains.” Multiple melting endotherms were also obser‐ved for the nonisothermally crystallized sample, and were attributed to the dynamic melting process which consists of three steps: melting, recrystallization, and remelting. The melting temperature of initial mesomorphic phase is found to be very close to the temperature of recrystallization or reorganization. To separate the recrystallization process from the overlapping processes, the difference spectra of fast and slow heated DSC endotherms were used, which is based on a straight forward but reasonable assumption. In addition, temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry (TMDSC) has also been used to study the melting of PP component. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
New polysiloxane‐chemically immobilized C,C‐bipyrazolic receptor for heavy metals adsorption
Authors: Radi Smaail , Toubi Yahya , Attayibat Ahmed , Bacquet Maryse 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA porous polysiloxane has been chemically modified with a functional C,C‐bibyrazolic ligand using the heterogeneous route. This synthetic route involved the reaction of 3‐glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane silylant agent, previously anchored on a silica surface, with C,C‐bipyrazolic ligand. The new modified polysiloxane (SiL) has been characterized by elemental analysis and infrared spectra and was studied and evaluated by determination of the surface area using the BET equation, the adsorption and desorption capability using the isotherm of nitrogen and B.J.H. Pore sizes. The new inorganic‐organic polymer exhibits good thermal stability determined by thermogravimetry curves and good chemical stability examined in various acidic and buffer solutions. The solid was utilized in batch method for separation and trace extraction of (Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, and Cu2+) and compared with the results of classical liquid‐liquid extraction with the unbound C,C‐bipyrazole compound. The grafting at the surface of silica does not affect complexing properties of the ligand and the material exhibits a high selectivity toward Hg(II). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Comparative study on the electrooptical properties of polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal films with different mixtures of monomers and liquid crystals
Authors: Ahmad Farzana , Jamil Muhammad , Jeon Young Jae , Woo Lee Jin , Jung Jae Eun , Jang Jae Eun , Lee Gae Hwang , Park Jinsang 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article deals with the study of polymer‐dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films that consisted of microdroplets of liquid crystals (LCs) dispersed in a polymer matrix. The PDLC films were fabricated by the photoinduced phase separation method under room‐temperature conditions. To determine the extent of the effects of the molecular structures and their physical properties of different mixtures of monomers and LCs on the morphology and electrooptical properties of the PDLC films, various mixtures were used. A detailed discussion of the obtained results is given. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Chemistry, functionality, and coating performance of biobased copolycarbonates from 1,4:3,6‐dianhydrohexitols
Authors: Noordover Bart A. J. , Haveman Daniël , Duchateau Robbert , van Benthem Rolf A. T. M. , Koning Cor E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBiobased polycarbonates were synthesized from 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐D‐glucitol, 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐L‐iditol, and 1,4:3,6‐dianhydro‐D‐mannitol as the principal diols, using different types of carbonyl sources. The (co)polycarbonates resulting from polycondensation reactions in solution using triphosgene consisted of several types of polymer chains with respect to chain topology (e.g., linear or cyclic chains) and end‐group structure (e.g., hydroxyl, chloroformate or alkyl chloride end‐groups). The introduction of flexible comonomers seemed to increase the amount of cyclic structures in the product mixtures. The melt polymerization of diphenyl carbonate with 1,4:3,6‐dianhydrohexitols required high reaction temperatures and led to almost exclusively hydroxy‐functional poly(1,4:3,6‐dianhydrohexitol carbonate)s. Copolymerizing the 1,4:3,6‐dianhydrohexitols with 1,3‐propanediol and diphenyl carbonate at high temperature resulted in the partial loss of 1,3‐propanediol. On the other hand, by melt polycondensation of 1,4:3,6‐dianhydrohexitol‐based bis(phenyl carbonate) monomers in combination with primary diols and/or triols, the insertion of the primary alcohols could be achieved in a more controlled way. OH‐functional materials were prepared, having suitable molecular weights, Tg values, thermal stability, and melt viscosity profiles for (powder) coating applications. These functional biobased (co)polycarbonates were cured with polyisocyanate curing agents, resulting in colorless to pale yellow transparent, glossy coatings with good mechanical performance and solvent resistance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Recyclable polyvinyl chloride‐supported pyrrolidine‐thiourea as a bifunctional organocatalyst for direct asymmetric aldol reaction in aqueous medium
Authors: Li Jia , Yang Gengxu , Cui Yuanchen 
Published: March 2011

AbstractNovel polyvinyl chloride (PVC)‐supported pyrrolidine‐thiourea has been first synthesized in a simple route. The target product was used as a bifunctional organocatalyst for the direct asymmetric aldol reaction between cyclohexanone and arylaldehydes. Effects of solvent and catalyst loading on reaction have been explored. It was found that even at a small dosage of 2.5 mol %, the catalyst exhibited high catalytic activity and stereoselectivities at room temperature in aqueous medium. Additionally, the catalyst can be reused at least for three times. The PVC resin can provide hydrophobic microenvironment for the substrates and catalytic center (pyrrolidine and thiourea moiety) to contact closely. The aldol reaction may take place at the interface between the polymer and aqueous phase. And the results indicated that the thiourea moiety of catalyst had an important effect on the activity and selectivity of the aldol reaction. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Preparation and characterization of 4A zeolite‐filled mixed matrix membranes for pervaporation dehydration of isopropyl alcohol
Authors: Prasad C. Venkata , Swamy B. Yerri , Sudhakar H. , Sobharani T. , Sudhakar K. , Subha M. C. S. , Rao K. Chowdoji 
Published: March 2011

AbstractSodium carboxymethylcellulose/poly (vinyl alcohol) mixed matrix membranes filled with different amounts 4A zeolite (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt %) were prepared by solution casting method. Prepared membranes were crosslinked with GA and used for pervaporation dehydration of isopropyl alcohol of different feed mixtures at 35°C. On increment in zeolite content in the membrane it was found the improvement in the performance of the membrane, due to its hydrophilic nature and molecular sieving effect in addition to its favorable interaction with hydrophilic sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinyl alcohol. The structure and chemical constituents of the MMM's were investigated by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Thermal stability of the membranes was assessed by DSC and TGA techniques. Crystallinity of the membranes was assessed using X‐ray diffraction, and the morphological properties were assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Mechanical properties were also carried out to determine the tensile strength and % of elongation at break using universal testing machine. It was found that the mechanical strength increases with increase in the zeolite content upto 15 wt % of zeolite with an optimum tensile strength of 113.31 N/mm2. Pervaporation was carried out to asses the membrane performance, the highest flux and selectivity obtained is 0.584 kg/m2/h and 6945 for NaCMCA20 and NaCMCA15, respectively, for a feed composition containing 17.5 and 10 wt % of water in the feed and further swelling studies also supporting the pervaporation results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Inhibition of mild steel corrosion in acidic medium using starch and surfactants additives
Authors: Mobin M. , Khan M. A. , Parveen M. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe corrosion inhibition of mild steel in 0.1M H2SO4 in presence of starch (polysaccharide) was studied using weight loss and potentiodynamic polarization measurements in the temperature range of 30–60°C. Starch inhibits the corrosion rates of mild steel to a considerable extent; the maximum inhibition efficiency (%IE) being 66.21% at 30oC in presence of starch concentration of 200 ppm. The effect of the addition of very small concentration of sodium dodecyl sulfate and cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide on the corrosion inhibition behavior of starch was also studied. The IE of starch significantly improved in presence of both the surfactants. The effect of surfactants on the corrosion inhibition behavior of starch appears to be synergistic in nature. Starch alone and in combination with surfactants is found to obey Langmuir adsorption isotherm from the fit of the experimental data of all concentration and temperature studied. Phenomenon of physical adsorption is proposed from the trend of IE with temperature and also the values Ea, ΔGads, and Qads obtained. The results obtained by potentiodynamic polarization measurements are consistent with the results of the weight loss measurement. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011