bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOTES ON SOME NOCTUID LARVÆ
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Mamestra trifolii, Esp.Length when full grown 1.10 inches. In shape and appearance very much like the larvæ of Agrotis lubricans. Color uniforn grass green marked as follows : a rather broad substigmatal line of creamy white, having at times a slightly pinkish tinge ; a dorsal line of dark green. There is no trace of a subdorsal line except that the place of that line is a very little lighter on the first three joints when the larva is crawling. Stigmata narrowly edged with black. Head rather small, a little paler than the body. Piliferous spots very small.
NORTH AMERICAN MOTHS
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Botis lethalis, n. s.Allied to atropurpuralis. Fore wings purply brown to the exterior line, which is distinct, nearly straight, a little bent submedially, dark brown followed by a whitish coincident shade tine. Subterminal space pale brown, shaded with whitish. A terminal whitish shade before the broken terminal line.
NOTES ON CRAMBUS
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Crambus sericinellus Zeller.I am indebted to Professor Fernald for specimens of this species from Maine. It appears in two forms ; one in which the thorax and fore wings are pure satiny white, which, from Prof. Zeller's description and a specimen sent him for identification, is the typical sericinellus ; the other, in which the white is somewhat faded, having a slight yellowish or fuscous cast.
LIMENITIS EROS versus VAR. FLORIDENSIS
Authors: Mead Theodore L. 
Published: February 2010

Among the generally accepted canons of nomenclature is the rule that if a description includes two or more species, it shall be valid for neither as against subsequent authors who discriminate the forms properly.While all of us may not be willing to push this rule to its limit and reject the first name altogether, it certainly is a wholesome restriction against a custom which has prevailed in some quarters, notably in France, of making loose and indefinite descriptions, waiting until some more careful writer has separated one of the forms as distinct and named it, and then declaring that the latter was the species really intended by the indefinite description, thus at one stroke of the pen creating a synonym and finding a new species to be named.
NOTES ON APHIDIDÆ
Authors: Monell Joseph 
Published: February 2010

Aphis loniceræ Monell. Riley & Monell, Notes on the Aphididæ, U. S. Geol. and Geogr. Survey, Vol. v., Jan., 1879, p. 6.This species is the one mentioned by Prof. Thomas in the eighth Ill. Ent. Rept. p. 104, under the name of Chaitophorus lonicerœ Mon'l Mss.Phorodon mahalek Fonsc. This European species has been very abundant at the Missouri Botanical Gardens, St. Louis. I believe that it has not before been definitely reported as occurring in the United States.
PREPARATORY STAGES OF HOMOPTERA LUNATA, Drury
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Egg.—Diameter, .03 inch. Globular in shape, slightly flattened at the base, the apex having a punctured space but no depression; a series of longitudinal ridges from near the base, 20 of which reach the apical space. As these ridges are the same distance apart, there are between those reaching the apex several shorter ones, the number not noted. The depressions between the ridges show slight punctures. Color pale green. Duration of this period 5 days.Young Larva.—Length .15 inch, slender, 12 legs, the first and second pair of pro-legs mere points. A looper in motion. Color of the middle of the body from joint 2 to 11 pale dull yellow, with a slight leaden hue; head, joint 1 and the anal joint slightly reddish, these parts lacking the leaden hue. All the feet pale. Hairs arising from piliferous spots gray. Head about one third broader than the body. Duration of this period 3 days.
DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES OF LYCAENA, FROM NEWFOUNDLAND
Authors: Edwards W. H. 
Published: February 2010

LYCAENA ASTER.Male.—Expands 1 inch.Upper side purplish-blue, the costal margin of primaries silvery; both hind margins narrowly eaged black; secondaries have a marginal series of black points or minute spots; fringes white.Under side white; primaries have the hind margin edged by a fuscous line thickened at each nervule; a submarginal row of rounded black spots entirely across the wing, and parallel to the margin; a discal row of smaller spots in a curve from costa to lower median interspace, the next spot below out of and behind the line; on the arc a thick bar. Secondaries have an oblong, rounded, fuscous spot at the end of each nervule, but otherwise the edge is white; a submarginal series of metallic points, each of which is overlaid by orange, and above this a black crescent; a discal series of black points, following the costal margin from base, and running parallel with hind margin to lower median interspace, after which there are two spots back of the line; on arc a streak, a dot nearer base, and another below cell.
DESCRIPTIONS OF TWO NEW SPECIES OF N. AMERICAN BUTTERFLIES
Authors: Edwards W. H. 
Published: February 2010

Chionobas Varuna.Male.—Expands 1.6 to 1.75 inch.Upper side brown, individuals varying from yellow to red and blackbrown, but in the examples under view red predominates; costal edge of primaries dark brown, next base dusted with white; apex and hind margin edged with dark brown, which fades insensibly into the ground color; beyond the disk, one to four small black ocelli; where one only is present, it is on the upper discoidal interspace; where two, the second is on lower median interspace; where all are present, the two extreme are large and about equal in size, the interior pair minute.Secondaries have a narrow brown border, clearly defined on inner side; all the nervures and branches edged with dark scales; the ocelli are from nil to five, small, black; when all are present they stand one on each interspace from subcostal to lower median; fringes of primaries mixed light and dark brown, of secondaries mostly light.
PREPARATORY STAGES OF AGROTIS ANNEXA, Tr.
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Egg.—Diameter .03 inch. Shape globular, the base rather broad, the sides ribbed longitudinally, 12 of these ridges which reach the apex alternating with twice as many more of different lengths. The ridges are connected by slender cross bars, the transverse sides of the included spaces being longer than the longitudinal. The small apical space is punctured. Color white. Duration of this period, 4 days.Young Larva.—Length .07 of an inch. Color pale grayish-white, a little pinkish on the anterior part. Head and top of joint 1 black. Piliferous spots small, black, the gray hairs arising from each a little longer than the diameter of the body. Legs 16, but the first and second pairs of abdominal, short so that the middle of the body is arched a little in walking. After eating the color of the body is pale grayish green. The piliferous spots, or at least the thoracic, in a single transverse row to each joint. Duration of this period, 8 days.
NEW TABANIDÆ
Authors: Marten John 
Published: February 2010

Sub-genus Therisplectes.—“Eyes pubescent; ocelligerous tubercle more or less distinct; eyes (female) with three or four bright green or bluish cross-bands.”T. Californicus, n. sp. Length 17 mm. Eyes pubescent, with thin purplish bands. Front yellowish-gray; callosity nearly square, brownish, shining, prolonged above; ocelligerous tubercles brownish-black on a black spot. Face and cheeks grayish with white hairs. Palpi yellowish white with small black hairs, Antennæ reddish; annulate portion of third joint black; upper angle prominent. Thorax grayish-brown with the usual gray stripes and golden yellow pubescence; humerus reddish; pleura and pectus grayish with long white hairs. Abdomen brownish-black, sides of first four segments brownish-yellow, which color leaves a row of black irregular spots in the middle, largest on the second segment and smallest on the third; also dark oblique spots on lateral margins. Venter yellowish with yellow pubescence; darker on the last three segments. Femora black, brownish at the tip; front tibiæ dark brown, proximal end lighter; second and third tibiæ darker toward the tip; tarsi dark brown. Wings byaline; costal cell light brown; faint clouds in cross-veins and bifurcation of third vein.
NOTES ON THE OCCURRENCE OF SOME SPECIES OF UROCERIDÆ
Authors: Harrington W. Hague 
Published: February 2010

Although my collections hitherto have been chiefly of Coleoptera, I have, as opportunity offered, captured specimens in other orders, and among those thus taken during the past season are representatives of a few species of the Uroceridæ. I wish now to record a few brief notes on these—the more readily, because so little regarding this group has been published in the Entomologist.1. On the 25th of June last I captured upon a recently dead maple tree, near my house, two rather small insects, of which the larger had its ovipositor inserted in the bark. They proved to be two female specimens of Xiphydria albicornis Harris. One was half an inch long, the other five-eighths.
A NEW SPECIES OF ICTHYURA
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Icthyura Palla, n. sp.Length of body, including anal tuft, .56 of an inch. Expanse 1.10 inches. General color of body and primaries pale gray, the latter rather sparsely sprinkled with dark brown scales. Palpi brown above, scarcely projecting beyond the head, third joint concealed by the hairs of the others. Front slightly brownish, a tuft of pale gray scales at the base of each antenna, the usual deep brown mark from between the antennæ to the top of the thoracic crest. Primaries with the usual transverse lines almost white. The basal line makes a bend outward on the median vein; from this it goes in a straight course to the submedian vein; from this to the posterior or inner margin it curves a little outward. A second line extends from the costa about one-fourth of the distance from the base obliquely to the posterior margin, near the posteriol angle.
NOTES ON CERTAIN BUTTERFLIES, THEIR HABITS, ETC
Authors: Edwards W. H. 
Published: February 2010

8. On Young Caterpillars Eating their Egg Shells.Mr. Scudder, Butterflies, p. 101, says, after describing the way in which the caterpillar eats out of the egg: “The taste he has gained of egg-shell seems to allure him; for, strange as it may seem, although placed by the provident parent within immediate reach of choice and succulent food, he will not taste it until he has devoured the last remmant of his prison-walls. Strange food this for a new born babe! The act, however, is plainly a provision of nature by which the tender animal is rid of a sure token to his enemies of his immediate proximity.” Surely here is an error in fact, and a wrong conclusion whatever the fact may be. I read the above statement on the 25th July last, and at once went to my garden to search for eggs of Libythea Bachmanni, on Hackberry leaves. The young caterpillars of this species are green, of a shade so near that of the leaves they feed on, that it is very difficult to discover them. Even where the tip of the leaf has been eaten, and their presence is suspected, it is easy to overlook them. I found at once three eggs and one young caterpillar. The egg from which this caterpillar had come was present at the base of the leaf on the extreme tip of which the little creature rested. A hole was in its side near the top, and no more had been eaten than just enough to permit egress.
MIGRATION OF DRAGON-FLIES—Aeschna heros (Fabr.)
Authors: Mundt A. H. 
Published: February 2010

On the evening of August 13th, 1881, I observed them between the hours of 5 and 7 o'clock. The air for miles around seemed literally alive with these dragon-flies, from a foot above ground to as far as the eye could reach, all flying in the same direction, a south-westerly course, and the few that would occasionally cross the track of the majority could all the more easily be noticed from the very regular and swift course they generally pursued; but even these few stray ones would soon fall in with the rest again. Very few were seen alighting, and all carefully avoided any movable obstacles.The next day very few were seen on the prairies, and these mostly of another species very abundant in this country, Anax junius (Drury), which were probably at home previously, and in a few days I could see none others but the latter. A few newspapers, and also a few correspondents from twelve to fifteen miles east and west of here, had observed and mentioned their flight.
FIELD NOTES—1881
Authors: Harrington W. H. 
Published: February 2010

The earth covered by its first mantle of snow reminds one that the collecting season is virtually ended, and the lengthening evenings allure one to the study fireside to go carefully over note books and collections and to read the recorded labors of fellow Entomologists.A few memoranda from my own note book may perhaps not be barren of interest to some of the less experienced readers of the Entomologist. I find that almost the first insect of spring was the Mud-wasp, Polestes annulatus, which appeared with a few flies and spiders about the 15th of March. This wasp is very abundant here, and from the pulverized macadam of the streets thousands of its mud cells are constructed every summer under the window-sills and numerous cornices of the Parliament Buildings, about which the wasps linger until the end of October. Toward the end of March a few bees and a number of small beetles, as Amarainterstitialis, appeared.
NEW OR LITTLE KNOWN GENERA OF NORTH AMERICAN SYRPHIDÆ
Authors: Williston S. W. 
Published: February 2010

In the preparation of a synopsis of the North American genera of Syrphidæ, I have found several new species that could not be placed in any of our known genera. A careful study of the figures and descriptions of exotic forms has not thrown much light upon them, and I am therefore constrained to regard them as new.With the genera included in the present paper, and resuscitating Macquart's Toxomerus, the number now recorded from North America will reach sixty, all but five or six of which are in the writer's collection. Of these, but nine or ten have not yet been found east of the Central Plains, and the following, only, that are not now known west of that region, viz., Triglyphus, Senogaster, Pyrophaena, Doros, Ocyptamus, Rhingia, Brachyalpus, Somula, Temnostoma, Merapioidus, Pterallastis, Teuchocnemis and Lepidomyia, leaving nearly forty genera that occur entirely across the continent; indeed a large proportion of the species are identical from the Atlantic and Pacific regions.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF ISOSOMA
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

Isosoma Allynii, n. s.Female.—Average length .10 of an inch. Color of body and antennæ uniform black, the first with a slight greenish lustre. Head about .025 of an inch wide, about two thirds as long; the antennæ a little enlarged at the ends, hairy, microscopic hairs moderately scattered over the head and thorax. Thorax, as well as head, punctured; wings hyaline, dotted over with microscopic hairs, the thorax in its widest part about the width of the head. Abdomen gradually tapering from near the base, the ovipositor slightly exserted. The color of the legs vary slightly; in five specimens the anterior and posterior legs have the femurs fuscous except at the ends; the tibiæ with basal half fuscous, the rest yellow; the terminal joint of tarsi fuscous, the rest yellow; the middle pair of legs are yellow throughout except the terminal tarsi. Two specimens have all the femurs fuscous, yellow at the ends. One specimen has all the femurs pale red, and the tibiæ fuscous, but this is probably a change from yellow by the poison bottle used in killing. One is marked like the first five, with the yellow replaced by pale red; another is like the first five, except that the middle tibiæ are a little clouded at base.
NOTES ON ISOSOMA ELYMI, French
Authors: French G. H. 
Published: February 2010

In my notes in the March number of the Can. Ent., the idea is conveyed that this species obtained from the wild Canada rye grass, may prove to be identical with the wingless form obtained by Prof. Riley and myself from wheat stalks, and which Prof. Riley has since named in the American Naturalist, I. Tritici. At the same time doubt was expressed as to their identity, because at the time of writing there were still larvæ in the grass straws, while I. Tritici pupated in the fall, both in the breeding jars and in the field. Since the article mentioned has appeared, I have obtained from my grass stalks several more specimens, and I believe the two forms to be entirely distinct. A specimen was sent to Prof. Riley, upon the receipt of which he wrote as follows:“It is undoubtedly distinct from I. Tritici, as is shown not only by the greater length, stouter body, darker color of the antennal scape and constancy of the winged form, but also by the punctuation (most markedly), by the shape of the mesothoracic scutum, and by the color of the mesoscutar parapsides. It comes in fact nearer to Hordei than to Tritici, though, as you say, it is well distinguished from the former by the punctnation.”
DESCRIPTIONS OF A FEW ELATERID AND ALLIED LARVÆ
Authors: Coquillett D. W. 
Published: February 2010

The following larvæ have the usual eloneate, sub-cylindrical form and hard integument of the notorious wire-worm; they all live in decayed wood, and pupate in cells in the wood.For the determination of the perfect insects I am indebted to Mr. E. P. Austin.Elater nigricollis, Herbst.—Body polished, yellowish brown, palest underneath and at the sutures of the segments; a narrow dark brown band at either end of each segment except the first and posterior end of the last segment; these bands pass entirely around the body; the last segment tapers posteriorly to a fine, dark brown point; head dark brown, the jaws black; a prop-leg beneath segment 12; length about on inch. I found several April 25, and enclosed them in my breeding cage, in which was placed some decayed oak-wood and damp sand; the first pupa was noticed August 19, and the beetle issued from it on the 30th of the same month.
NOTES ON DR. SPEYER'S PAPER
Authors: Edwards W. H. 
Published: February 2010

1. Contrary to my expectation, the Asiatic forms of the Comma group are not so near the American as are the European. Dr. Speyer tells us that the former vary from typical Comma in a different direction from the latter. If the American are derived from the European, or the reverse, the Asiatic ought to lie between the two, apparently.2. I am satisfied that Juba should rank as a species. Dr. Speyer gives sufficient reasons for this, and examination of many examples confirm this view. I have a beautiful variety of Juba (male) sent me by Prof. Snow, and taken by him at Los Vegas, N. M., iu 1882. The upper side is darker—more fuscous and less fulvous—than any other example I have seen, and secondaries beneath and the apical area of primaries are densely dusted with golden-green; the spots white and somewhat smaller than in the type. I call this vat. Viridis.
HACKBERRY PSYLLID GALLS
Authors: Riley C. V. 
Published: February 2010

In reply to the questions raised by the Rev. Thomas W. Fyles on p. 84 of the May number, permit me to say:1. That to speak of “the parasite of Phylloxera vastatrix and the gall insect of the nettle tree,” as he does in the heading to his communication, is inaccurate, since there are many of each.2. Besides a number of Cecidomyid galls on Celtis, I am acquainted with more than a dozen Psyllid galls upon the plant. The insects producing these galls mostly belong to a new genus which, in a paper that I have prepared on the Psyllidæ of the U.S., is called Pachypsylla.
PSEPHENUS LECONTEI—ON THE EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF THE LARVA
Authors: Kellicott D. S. 
Published: February 2010

This singularly interesting larva occurs in abundance in the rapids of the Niagara above the Falls. The writer has taken it in other rapid streams in Western New York, also at different places in Michigan; besides, its occurrence in widely separated localities has been recorded by observers, hence we are led to believe that it is distributed throughout Eastern North America. Dr. Leconte has described another species, Ps. haldemanni, from the peninsula of California; its larva, it seems, has not been described.The first notice of our larva is that by Dr. Kay in Part VI. (Crustacea), page 53, Zoology of New York, 1844. It is described in that work as a new genus and species of Crustacea, under the name Fluvicola Herricki; a poor figure is given.
DESCRIPTIONS OF A FEW LEAF-EATING COLEOPTEROUS LARVÆ
Authors: Coquillett D. W. 
Published: February 2010

The following larvæ (with the exception of the one first described) have the usual Chrysomelid form of which the well-known Colorado Potato Beetle may be taken as a type. In Chrysomela pallida, Say, the body is more elongate, approaching the Coccinellidœ somewhat in form. With the exception of Lema collaris, Say, which forms a sort of cocoon among the leaves, they all enter the earth to pupate. A few of the following larvæ have been described by various authors, and are introduced here merely for comparison.Chrysomela pallida, Say. Body black, elongated, much wrinkled and roughened; the sutures of the segments and the venter sometimes tinged with brown; head and cervical shield polished black; length 8 mm. Lives in communities on poplar. Several of these larvæ entered the earth to pupate June 1st, and the beetles issued about June 19th. (Determination of Dr. Horn.)
NEW SPECIES AND NOTES ON STRUCTURE OF MOTHS AND GENERA
Authors: Grote A. R. 
Published: February 2010

Yrias Volucris, n. s.♂. Allied to Repentis, the lines having the same general course, but they are brown, not balck, and the ground color is darker. The space included by the discal rounding of the t. p. line is not so large. The reniform shows a black included streak and the black costal dots on median space are as in its ally. the angles of the t. a. line are less sharp. There is a minute apical balck mark on the margin, before which a paler shade, an approximation to the ocellate mark of Clientis. On hind wings the distinct black mesial line is wanting. Beneath the wings are paler at base and the lines very faint. Expanse 26 mil. Arizona. B. Neumoegen, Esq.
PRACTICAL ENTOMOLOGY: “MOSS-HUNTING”
Authors: Bell J. T. 
Published: February 2010

Having had several enquiries addressed to me as to how I captured the Pselaphidæ, etc., a list of which appeared in the Entomologist of March, 1881, it has occurred to me that it might be acceptable to some of my entomological brethren to have a detailed account of my method of moss-hunting published in our organ.First, then, as to gathering the moss. For pedestrian excursions, a game bag, or haversack, to sling over the shoulder, will be most convenient; where a vehicle is employed, a pillow case or grain bag may be used, and in either case a small hand rake about a foot long will be found very useful. As soon as the snow leaves the ground, the collector may seek some open swampy woods, where the ground in varied with little mounds by the decay of fallen trees or the upturned roots of wind-falls, which are overgrown with mixed mosses,—or the banks of a pond or creek, strewn with rotting logs and branches.
THE NORTH AMERICAN SPECIES OF NEMISTRINIDÆ
Authors: Williston S. W. 
Published: February 2010

The family of Nemistrinidæ comprises throughout the world one hundred and ten described species, six or seven of which are from Southern Europe and three from North America; the remainder nearly equally distributed in Asia, Africa, Australia and South America. In their habits, so far as known, the species approach the Bombylidæ most closely, as also do many in their general appearance. Structurally they are of interest to the Dipterologist, on account of their intricate and diverse neuration, which in some species is almost Neuropter-like in the reticulation.Doubtless the number of our species will be augmented by future discoveries, but yet we can never expect a very material increase.