bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Barth syndrome: an X‐linked cause of fetal cardiomyopathy and stillbirth
Authors: Steward C. G. , Newbury‐Ecob R. A. , Hastings R. , Smithson S. F. , Tsai‐Goodman B. , Quarrell O. W. , Kulik W. , Wanders R. , Pennock M. , Williams M. , Cresswell J. L. , Gonzalez I. L. , Brennan P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveBarth Syndrome (BTHS) is an X‐linked multisystem disorder (OMIM 302060) usually diagnosed in infancy and characterized by cardiac problems [dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) ± endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) ± left ventricular non‐compaction (LVNC)], proximal myopathy, feeding problems, growth retardation, neutropenia, organic aciduria and variable respiratory chain abnormalities. We wished to determine whether BTHS had a significant impact on fetal and perinatal health in a large cohort of family groups originating from a defined region.MethodCase note review on 19 families originating from the UK and known to the Barth Syndrome Service of the Bristol Royal Hospital for Children.ResultsDetails are presented on six kindreds (32%) with genetically and biochemically proven BTHS that demonstrate a wider phenotype including male fetal loss, stillbirth and severe neonatal illness or death. In these families, 9 males were stillborn and 14 died as neonates or infants but there were no losses of females. BTHS was definitively proven in five males with fetal onset of DCM ± hydrops/EFE/LVNC.ConclusionThese findings stress the importance of considering BTHS in the differential diagnosis of unexplained male hydrops, DCM, EFE, LVNC or pregnancy loss, as well as in neonates with hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis and idiopathic mitochondrial disease. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Proteomic analysis of endosomes from genetically modified p14/MP1 mouse embryonic fibroblasts
Authors: Stasyk Taras , Holzmann Johann , Stumberger Sonja , Ebner Hannes L. , Hess Michael W. , Bonn Guenther K. , Mechtler Karl , Huber Lukas A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe p14/MP1 scaffold complex binds MEK1 and ERK1/2 on late endosomes, thus regulating the strength, duration and intracellular location of MAPK signaling. By organelle proteomics we have compared the protein composition of endosomes purified from genetically modified p14−/−, p14+/− and p14rev mouse embryonic fibroblasts. The latter ones were reconstituted retrovirally from p14−/− mouse embryonic fibroblasts by reexpression of pEGFP‐p14 at equimolar ratios with its physiological binding partner MP1, as shown here by absolute quantification of MP1 and p14 proteins on endosomes by quantitative MS using the Equimolarity through Equalizer Peptide strategy. A combination of subcellular fractionation, 2‐D DIGE and MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS revealed 31 proteins differentially regulated in p14−/− organelles, which were rescued by reexpression of pEGFP‐p14 in p14−/− endosomes. Regulated proteins are known to be involved in actin remodeling, endosomal signal transduction and trafficking. Identified proteins and their in silico interaction networks suggested that endosomal signaling might regulate such major cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, migration and survival.
Nucleophilicity parameters for strong nucleophiles in dimethyl sulfoxide. A direct alternative to the s(E + N) equation
Authors: Bentley T. William 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA scale of nucleophilicity (N‴) for relatively strong nucleophiles (e.g. carbanions and amines), spanning over 5 orders of magnitude was constructed directly from experimental rate constants for reactions of 34 nucleophiles with a benzhydrylium cation, (lil)2CH+ (log k = N‴ in dimethyl sulfoxide at 20 °C). The equation log k = (E‴ + sEN‴ +c), where E‴ is an electrophilicity parameter, sE is a Swain‐Scott type of response parameter (to variation in nucleophilicity) for the electrophile, and c is a residuals term, is used to correlate second order rate constants for reactions of nucleophiles with other benzhydrylium cations, quinone methides (QM) and Michael‐acceptor electrophiles. Contrary to published claims (Mayr et al. Angew Chem. Int. Ed. 2002, 41, 92, and later work), sE increases as the reactivity of the QM decreases. The N‴ scale was extended a further 3 orders of magnitude by an extrapolation involving a QM electrophile. In contrast, published procedures involve over 40 reference electrophiles and over 100 adjustable parameters obtained from the equation log k = sN(E + N), where k is the rate constant, and sN is a nucleophile parameter. Values of N–N‴ in DMSO increase by 8 log units, as the reactivity of the nucleophile increases, because N is a floating scale whereas N‴ is a fixed scale. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Kinetic simulations for cyclization of α,ω‐telechelic polymers
Authors: Lonsdale Daria E. , Monteiro Michael J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this work, we conducted kinetic simulations to examine the effects of various experimental conditions on cyclization during the feed of α,ω‐telechelic polymers into a reaction mixture. The simulations showed that the interplay between the feed rate and rate coefficients for cyclization and multiblock formation were the dominant and controlling parameters. The simulations were in good agreement with previously published results on cyclization of α,ω‐telechelic polystyrene with different molecular weights by the Cu‐catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. They also showed that high dilution was not a necessary condition for cyclization and that high percentages of monocyclic could be rapidly produced in solutions that are more concentrated. Previously reported work demonstrated that cyclic polystyrene could be prepared in less than 9 min at 25 °C using the CuAAC “click” reaction. These simulations allow for optimization and better experimental design, leading to the possibility of large scale production of cyclic polymers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
A new room‐temperature liquid, high‐performance tricyanate ester
Authors: Cambrea Lee R. , Davis Matthew C. , Groshens Thomas J. , Guenthner Andrew J. , Lamison Kevin R. , Mabry Joseph M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA new tricyanate ester monomer of a tris(4‐hydroxyphenyl)benzene derivative was synthesized in 6‐steps with a 63% overall yield. The geminal substitution of phenyl rings on ethane, in addition to the creation of a racemic/diastereomeric mixture, resulted in a liquid monomer whereas compounds with similar structure and symmetry have melting points typically over 100 °C. Key properties of the polycyanurate, such as the glass transition temperature and moisture resistance, were positively influenced by the higher crosslink density provided by the monomer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Synthesis, self‐assembly, drug‐release behavior, and cytotoxicity of triblock and pentablock copolymers composed of poly(ε‐caprolactone), poly(L‐lactide), and poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Sun Lin , Shen Lin‐Jing , Zhu Ming‐Qiang , Dong Chang‐Ming , Wei Yen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBiocompatible and biodegradable ABC and ABCBA triblock and pentablock copolymers composed of poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL), poly(L‐lactide) (PLA), and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO) with controlled molecular weights and low polydispersities were synthesized by a click conjugation between alkyne‐terminated PCL‐b‐PLA and azide‐terminated PEO. Their molecular structures, physicochemical and self‐assembly properties were thoroughly characterized by means of FT‐IR, 1H‐NMR, gel permeation chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. These copolymers formed microphase‐separated crystalline materials in solid state, where the crystallization of PCL block was greatly restricted by both PEO and PLA blocks. These copolymers self‐assembled into starlike and flowerlike micelles with a spherical morphology, and the micelles were stable over 27 days in aqueous solution at 37 °C. The doxorubicin (DOX) drug‐loaded nanoparticles showed a bigger size with a similar spherical morphology compared to blank nanoparticles, demonstrating a biphasic drug‐release profile in buffer solution and at 37 °C. Moreover, the DOX‐loaded nanoparticles fabricated from the pentablock copolymer sustained a longer drug‐release period (25 days) at pH 7.4 than those of the triblock copolymer. The blank nanoparticles showed good cell viability, whereas the DOX‐loaded nanoparticles killed fewer cells than free DOX, suggesting a controlled drug‐release effect. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Star polymers by cross‐linking of linear poly(benzyl‐L‐glutamate) macromonomers via free‐radical and RAFT polymerization. A simple route toward peptide‐stabilized nanoparticles
Authors: Audouin Fabrice , Knoop Ruther J. I. , Huang Jin , Heise Andreas 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPoly(benzyl‐L‐glutamate) (PBLG) macromonomers were synthesized by N‐carboxyanhydride (NCA) polymerization initiated with 4‐vinyl benzylamine. MALDI‐ToF analysis confirmed the presence of styrenic end‐groups in the PBLG. Free‐radical and RAFT polymerization of the macromonomer in the presence of divinyl benzene produced star polymers of various molecular weights, polydispersity, and yield depending on the reaction conditions applied. The highest molecular weight (Mw) of 10,170,000 g/mol was obtained in a free‐radical multibatch approach. It was shown that the PBLG star polymers can be deprotected to obtain poly(glutamic acid) star polymers, which form water soluble pH responsive nanoparticles. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2010
Mullins effect recovery of a nanoparticle‐filled polymer
Authors: Yan Lei , Dillard David A. , West Robert L. , Lower Loren D. , Gordon Glenn V. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractParticle‐filled elastomers often exhibit a reduction in peak stress after the initial extension under cyclic straining, a phenomenon known as the Mullins effect. In reported literature, long rest periods and elevated temperatures are often necessary conditions to even partially restore stiffness. The stress softening of the polymer nanoparticle composite discussed in this article appeared to be completely reversible in a comparatively short time span (less than 17 h) at room temperature. Although this material acted elastomeric at slow strain rates, significant stiffening, and a pronounced yielding behavior was observed during the first strain cycle at higher strain rates. Subsequent cycling of the material revealed much softer behavior and an absence of the yielding phenomenon, although relatively short rest periods allowed the material to regain its original behavior. The Mullins effect recovery phenomenon was investigated by introducing rest periods of various durations following loading and unloading cycles. Both single and multiple loadings were used in the tests conducted to evaluate recovery. A mechanism of stress recovery was proposed based on the reduction of entanglements and weakening particle‐matrix interactions. New entanglements and particle‐chain interactions were considered major contributors to the recovery of the stiffness. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
Rheological behavior and microstructure of 2,2′‐dioxy‐ 1,1′‐binaphthylphosphazene R/S random copolymer
Authors: Canales J. , Muñoz M. E. , Santamaria A. , García‐alvarez J. L. , Carriedo G. A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSolutions of a binaphthoxy phosphazene copolymer (containing chiral 2,2′‐dioxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl units with 50% R and S configurations distributed along the chains) in N‐methyl pyrrolidone were studied by means of continuous flow experiments and small amplitude oscillatory flow tests. A sudden viscosity decrease was observed in the polymer concentration range (39–40 wt %), evidencing a liquid‐crystalline polymer behavior. This has been confirmed by other rheological methods which have demonstrated that, for a sufficiently high concentration, the solutions of the binaphthoxy phosphazene copolymer give rise to a lyotropic system with formation of rigid rods (axial ratio of 10) stacked parallel to each other. The lyotropic properties of our binaphthoxy phosphazene copolymer are compatible with a regular helical structure, similar to that found for a homoleptic binaphthoxy phosphazene, which contains only S configuration. This suggests that the chains of 50% R/S binaphthoxy phosphazene copolymer are, in average, close to the strictly alternating R‐S copolymeric structure of the syndiotactic isomer. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
XNBR/LDH nanocomposites: Effect of vulcanization and organic modifier on nanofiller dispersion and strain‐induced crystallization
Authors: Costa Francis R. , Pradhan Sudip , Wagenknecht Udo , Bhowmick Anil K. , Heinrich Gert 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn elastomer/organo clay nanocomposites, the morphological characteristics, and hence the mechanical properties, of the vulcanizates are strongly influenced by the organic modifier and the vulcanization process. When the elastomer itself undergoes strain‐induced crystallization, both the organic modifier and the dispersed filler particles could significantly influence the crystallization process. These phenomena are very common in case of natural rubber‐based vulcanizates. In this study, the similar effects have been demonstrated with carboxylated nitrile rubber (XNBR) and organically modified layered double hydroxide (O‐LDH)‐based nanocomposites. The effect of size of the organic modifier was obviously visible on the interlayer distance of O‐LDH and also on the morphological reorganization of the dispersed O‐LDH particles during vulcanization process. The strain‐induced crystallization of the XNBR was found to be strongly dependent on the morphological change that occurs during vulcanization process. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2010
Is static hyperinflation a limiting factor during exercise in adolescents with cystic fibrosis?
Authors: Werkman M.S. , Hulzebos H.J. , Arets H.G.M. , van der Net J. , Helders P.J.M. , Takken T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIncreased work of breathing is considered to be a limiting factor in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) performing aerobic exercise. We hypothesized that adolescents with CF and with static hyperinflation are more prone to a ventilatorily limited exercise capacity than non‐static hyperinflated adolescents with CF.Exercise data of 119 adolescents with CF [range 12–18 years], stratified for static hyperinflation, defined as ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) > 30%, were obtained during a progressive bicycle ergometer test with gas analysis and analyzed for ventilatory limitation.Static hyperinflation showed a significant, though weak association (Φ 0.38; P < 0.001) with a ventilatorily limited exercise capacity (breathing reserve index at maximal effort >0.70; FEV1 < 80% predicted and reduced exercise capacity, defined as VO2peak < 85% predicted). Analysis of association for increasing degrees of hyperinflation showed an increase to Φ 0.49 (P < 0.001) for RV/TLC > 50%. In adolescents with static hyperinflation, peak work rate (Wpeak; 3.1 ± 0.7 W/kg (75.1 ± 17.3% of predicted), peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak/kg (ml/min/kg); 39.2 ± 9.2 ml/min/kg (91.0 ± 20.3% of predicted), peak heart rate (HRpeak; 176 ± 19 beats/min) were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased when compared with non‐static hyperinflated adolescents (Wpeak 3.5 ± 0.5 W/kg (81.4 ± 10.0% of predicted)); VO2peak/kg (ml/min/kg); 43.1 ± 7.5 ml/min/kg (98.0 ± 15.1% of predicted); and HRpeak 185 ± 14 beats/min). Additionally, no difference was found in the degree of association of FEV1 (%) and RV/TLC (%) with VO2peak/kgpred and Wpeak/kgPred, but we found the RV/TLC (%) to be a slightly stronger predictor of VO2peak/kgpred and Wpeak/kgPred than FEV1 (%).These results indicate that the presence of static hyperinflation in adolescents with CF by itself does not strongly influence ventilatory constraints during exercise and that static hyperinflation is only a slightly stronger predictor of Wpeak/kgPred and VO2peak/kgPred than airflow obstruction (FEV1 (%)). Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:119–124. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Parental perspectives on influenza vaccination in children with asthma
Authors: Soyer Ozge U. , Hudaverdiyev Samir , Civelek Ersoy , Isik Emregul , Karabulut Erdem , Kocabas Can , Sekerel Bulent Enis 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundInfluenza is an important cause of epidemic and pandemic disease leading to mortality and morbidity in children. Despite great efforts to increase influenza vaccination, many children with chronic medical conditions do not receive influenza vaccine. Our aim was to identify the demographic factors and asthma‐associated characteristics related to vaccination, caregivers' attitudes and knowledge about influenza disease during the 2007–2008 influenza season.MethodsCaregivers of children with asthma were surveyed via a self‐administered questionnaire to document their knowledge about influenza disease and vaccine and factors influencing vaccination.ResultsWe enrolled 311 children with asthma. The rate of lifetime influenza vaccination was 69.5%, whereas 51.8% of the patients had been vaccinated in the current season. There were no significant differences in demographic factors and asthma control parameters between the groups who received or did not receive influenza vaccine. Most of the parents whose children were vaccinated believed that influenza vaccination would decrease the prevalence and severity of asthma attacks (P < 0.05). The most important reason cited by parents for deciding on the influenza vaccine for their child was physician recommendation (80.1%). The major reasons for declining the vaccination were unawareness that the influenza vaccine was a requirement for their child (29.3%) and illness at the time of vaccination (20%).ConclusionPhysician recommendation is important in the influenza vaccination decision. Demographic factors and asthma control parameters had no influence on immunization uptake but parental beliefs and attitudes could be determinant. Greater effort is needed to increase influenza vaccination rates, in children with asthma. Pediatr. Pulmonol. 2011; 46:139–144. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synthesis and proteasome inhibition of N‐allyl vinyl ester‐based peptides
Authors: Baldisserotto Anna , Franceschini Christian , Scalambra Franco , Trapella Claudio , Marastoni Mauro , Sforza Fabio , Gavioli Riccardo , Tomatis Roberto 
Published: September 2010

AbstractInhibition of the proteasome, the multicatalytic protease complex responsible for the turnover of many cellular proteins, represents an attractive target in the development of new drug therapies, proteasome inhibitors being potentially useful tools for the treatment of pathologies such as cancer, as well as inflammatory, immune and neurodegenerative diseases. Based on our previous development of a new class of inhibitors bearing a C‐terminal VE cluster able to interact with catalytic threonine, we report herein the synthesis and activity of new VE‐based peptide analogs bearing an additional allyl pharmacophore unit at the C‐ or N‐terminal position of the pseudotripeptide sequence. In the new series, the structural modification carried out to the prototype determine a decrease of proteasome inhibition. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interactions of amyloid Aβ(1–42) peptide with self‐assembled peptide nanospheres
Authors: Smoak Evan M. , Dabakis Melanie P. , Henricus Marsiyana M. , Tamayev Robert , Banerjee Ipsita A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this work we have probed the interactions of the amyloid Aβ(1–42) peptide with self‐assembled nanospheres. The nanospheres were formed by self‐assembly of a newly developed bolaamphiphile bis(N‐alpha‐amido‐methionine)‐1,8 octane dicarboxylate under aqueous conditions. It was found that the interactions of the Aβ(1–42) peptide with the nanospheres were concentration as well as pH dependent and the peptide largely adopts a random coil structure upon interacting with the nanospheres. Further, upon incorporation with the nanospheres, we observed a relative diminution in the aggregation of Aβ(1–42) at low concentrations of Aβ(1–42). The interactions between the nanospheres and the Aβ(1–42) peptide were investigated by atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, circular dichroism, FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy, and the degree of fibrillation in the presence and absence of nanospheres was monitored by the Thioflavine T assay. We believe that the outcome from this work will help further elucidate the binding properties of Aβ peptide as well as designing nanostructures as templates for further investigating the nucleation and fibrillation process of Aβ‐like peptides. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of peptides and proteins in their binding to GroEL
Authors: Li Yali , Zheng Zhida , Ramsey Andrew , Chen Lingling 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe GroEL–GroES is an essential molecular chaperon system that assists protein folding in cell. Binding of various substrate proteins to GroEL is one of the key aspects in GroEL‐assisted protein folding. Small peptides may mimic segments of the substrate proteins in contact with GroEL and allow detailed structural analysis of the interactions. A model peptide SBP has been shown to bind to a region in GroEL that is important for binding of substrate proteins. Here, we investigated whether the observed GroEL–SBP interaction represented those of GroEL–substrate proteins, and whether SBP was able to mimic various aspects of substrate proteins in GroE‐assisted protein folding cycle. We found that SBP competed with substrate proteins, including α‐lactalbumin, rhodanese, and malate dehydrogenase, in binding to GroEL. SBP stimulated GroEL ATP hydrolysis rate in a manner similar to that of α‐lactalbumin. SBP did not prevent GroES from binding to GroEL, and GroES association reduced the ATPase rates of GroEL/SBP and GroEL/α‐lactalbumin to a comparable extent. Binding of both SBP and α‐lactalbumin to apo GroEL was dominated by hydrophobic interaction. Interestingly, association of α‐lactalbumin to GroEL/GroES was thermodynamically distinct from that to GroEL with reduced affinity and decreased contribution from hydrophobic interaction. However, SBP did not display such differential binding behaviors to apo GroEL and GroEL/GroES, likely due to the lack of a contiguous polypeptide chain that links all of the bound peptide fragments. Nevertheless, studies using peptides provide valuable information on the nature of GroEL–substrate protein interaction, which is central to understand the mechanism of GroEL‐assisted protein folding. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.