bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intraspecific variability in the response of bloom‐forming marine microalgae to changed climate conditions
Authors: Kremp Anke , Godhe Anna , Egardt Jenny , Dupont Sam , Suikkanen Sanna , Casabianca Silvia , Penna Antonella 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPhytoplankton populations can display high levels of genetic diversity that, when reflected by phenotypic variability, may stabilize a species response to environmental changes. We studied the effects of increased temperature and CO2 availability as predicted consequences of global change, on 16 genetically different isolates of the diatom Skeletonema marinoi from the Adriatic Sea and the Skagerrak (North Sea), and on eight strains of the PST (paralytic shellfish toxin)‐producing dinoflagellate Alexandrium ostenfeldii from the Baltic Sea. Maximum growth rates were estimated in batch cultures of acclimated isolates grown for five to 10 generations in a factorial design at 20 and 24°C, and present day and next century applied atmospheric pCO2, respectively. In both species, individual strains were affected in different ways by increased temperature and pCO2. The strongest response variability, buffering overall effects, was detected among Adriatic S. marinoi strains. Skagerrak strains showed a more uniform response, particularly to increased temperature, with an overall positive effect on growth. Increased temperature also caused a general growth stimulation in A. ostenfeldii, despite notable variability in strain‐specific response patterns. Our data revealed a significant relationship between strain‐specific growth rates and the impact of pCO2 on growth—slow growing cultures were generally positively affected, while fast growing cultures showed no or negative responses to increased pCO2. Toxin composition of A. ostenfeldii was consistently altered by elevated temperature and increased CO2 supply in the tested strains, resulting in overall promotion of saxitoxin production by both treatments. Our findings suggest that phenotypic variability within populations plays an important role in the adaptation of phytoplankton to changing environments, potentially attenuating short‐term effects and forming the basis for selection. In particular, A. ostenfeldii blooms may expand and increase in toxicity under increased water temperature and atmospheric pCO2 conditions, with potentially severe consequences for the coastal ecosystem.
Hybrid Cage Compounds with Organic and Inorganic Building Blocks
Authors: Kracke Andreas , von Hänisch Carsten , Kramer Nina 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTwo new hybrid ligands that exhibit organic as well as siloxane chains between four phosphorus atoms in bridge‐head positions were synthesized. These species show a very different ability with regard to the formation of coordination compounds. Whereas compound 1 with the short (C2H4)2O ether units shows no ability to act as a ligand, the compound with the longer (C2H4O)2C2H4 chains between the siloxane fragments could be obtained as the free ligand and with incorporated Li2I2 and Ag2I2 units. The observed coordination modi of the lithium and silver ions in these complexes corresponds to the HSAB‐ or Pearson concept. The silver ions prefer the soft phosphorus atoms as a bonding partner, while, for lithium, coordination by the hard oxygen atoms is favoured.
Decalactone Derivatives from Corynespora cassiicola, an Endophytic Fungus of the Mangrove Plant Laguncularia racemosa
Authors: Ebrahim Weaam , Aly Amal H. , Mándi Attila , Totzke Frank , Kubbutat Michael H. G. , Wray Victor , Lin Wen‐Han , Dai Haofu , Proksch Peter , Kurtán Tibor , Debbab Abdessamad 
Published: May 2012

AbstractChemical investigation of the ethyl acetate extract of Corynespora cassiicola, isolated from leaf tissues of the Chinese mangrove medicinal plant Laguncularia racemosa, yielded four new secondary metabolites, including three decalactones, xestodecalactones D–F (1–3) as well as corynesidone C (4), in addition to four known compounds. The structures of the new compounds were determined on the basis of one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as by high‐resolution mass spectrometry. Absolute configurations of the optically active compounds 1–3 were determined by TDDFT ECD calculations of their solution conformers, proving that they belong to the (11S) series of xestodecalactones, opposite to the (11R) configuration of the known xestodecalactones A–C. All compounds were tested against a panel of human protein kinases. Among the isolated compounds, two inhibited several kinases such as IGF1‐R and VEGF‐R2 with IC50 values mostly in the low micromolar range.
Influence of the Acetylenic Substituent on the Intramolecular Carbolithiation of Alkynes (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 15/2012)
Authors: Girard Anne‐Lise , Lhermet Rudy , Fressigné Catherine , Durandetti Muriel , Maddaluno Jacques 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe cover picture shows a crane operating in the harbour of Rouen to unload goods from the ships that sail up the Seine river from the English Channel. In the article by M. Durandetti, J. Maddaluno et al. on p. 2895 ff, the influence of the R terminal substituent of the acetylenic appendage on the carbolithiation of the triple bond is described. The results obtained suggest that, in some cases, the interaction between R and the Li cation can explain the surprizing anti selectivity of this reaction. Thus, Li+ first acts as a Lewis acid to activate the triple bond and promote the cyclization. It is then “carried” from one side of the newly created exocyclic double bond to the other, as if it were hooked on a crane rotating around its axis. We wish to thank Mr. Jonathan Rangapanaiken for his kind help in preparing the final version of the picture. magnified image
Hurricane Lifespan Modeling through a Semi‐Markov Parametric Approach
Authors: Masala Giovanni 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe estimation of hurricane intensity evolution in some tropical and subtropical areas is a challenging problem. Indeed, the prevention and the quantification of possible damage provoked by destructive hurricanes are directly linked to this kind of prevision. For this purpose, hurricane derivatives have been recently issued by the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, based on the so‐called Carvill hurricane index.In our paper, we adopt a parametric homogeneous semi‐Markov approach. This model assumes that the lifespan of a hurricane can be described as a semi‐Markov process and also it allows the more realistic assumption of time event dependence to be taken into consideration. The elapsed time between two consecutive events (waiting time distributions) is modeled through a best‐fitting procedure on empirical data. We then determine the transition probabilities and so‐called crossing states probabilities. We conclude with a Monte Carlo simulation and the model is validated through a large database containing real data coming from HURDAT. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Amplification and overexpression of the ABCC3 (MRP3) gene in primary breast cancer
Authors: Partanen Laura , Staaf Johan , Tanner Minna , Tuominen Vilppu J , Borg Åke , Isola Jorma 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) of active transporters comprises a group of proteins that which facilitate efflux of anticancer drugs from cancer cells. We focused on the gene amplification and protein expression of ABCC3 (also known as MRP3) in breast cancer cell lines and clinical tumor samples. Fluorescence and chromogenic in situ hybridization, using an ABCC3‐specific probe, was used to analyze 11 breast cancer cell lines and 112 clinical tumor samples. The results of ABCC3 were correlated with the amplification status of HER2 and topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A), which are located close to ABCC3 at 17q12‐q21. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess ABCC3 protein overexpression. Of the cell lines studied 6 HER2‐positive lines and 1 HER2‐negative line exhibited amplification of ABCC3. In the HER‐2‐negative clinical tumor samples, only 4/55 (7.3%) exhibited ABCC3 amplification. In the HER2‐positive tumors, ABCC3 was amplified in 16/57 tumors (28.1%, P = 0.0059). TOP2A did not exhibit any consistent coamplification pattern. ABCC3 (MRP3) protein overexpression was more common in tumors with gene amplification (P = 0.069). In silico analysis of 804 breast cancers with matched gene expression and copy number microarray data revealed significant differences ABCC3 across the molecular subtypes. Specifically, increased ABCC3 mRNA and gene copy numbers were most prominent in HER2 amplified and/or HER2‐enriched classified tumors. Moreover, differential ABCC3 mRNA levels were found within the HER‐2 amplified subset when stratified by the estrogen receptor status. We conclude that ABCC3 is frequently amplified and overexpressed in HER2‐positive breast cancer, and something that warrants further studies correlating the results with therapeutic outcome. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differential expression of RON in small and non–small cell lung cancers
Authors: Kanteti Rajani , Krishnaswamy Soundararajan , Catenacci Daniel , Tan Yi‐Hung Carol , EL‐Hashani Essam , Cervantes Gustavo , Husain Aliya N. , Tretiakova Maria , Vokes Everett E. , Huet Heather , Salgia Ravi 
Published: May 2012

AbstractRON is a MET related receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its natural ligand is macrophage stimulating protein (MSP). RON plays a very important role in the regulation of inflammation. Several studies have previously reported overexpression of RON in a variety of cancers including lung and identified numerous RON alternate splice forms that very likely contribute to tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we have analyzed the expression of total RON protein as well as its kinase‐active form (phospho‐RON) in 175 archival lung tumor FFPE (formalin fixed paraffin embedded) samples that included non–small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and their metastatic forms. The frequency and intensity of RON protein expression was much higher in lung tumors of neuroendocrine origin such as SCLC and in secondary tumors that metastasized to brain. In addition, the majority of the expressed RON protein was phospho‐RON. We also identified 62, and 30 kDa isoforms of RON (GenBank accession numbers are JN689381 and JN689382) using RNA isolated from pooled lung cancer cell lines and RT‐PCR. A majority of the NSCLC cell lines expressed a 150 kDa band that corresponded to the RON β chain and 120 kDa band in the panel of SCLC cell lines tested. RON was expressed on the cell surface in NSCLC cell lines. Finally, knock down of RON expression resulted in a significant loss in viability as well as motility in lung cancer cells suggesting that RON is a potential therapeutic target. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ALDH1 immunohistochemical expression and its significance in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Jane H. , Hanna Ehab Y. , Roberts Dianna , Weber Randal S. , Bell Diana 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) cells with a high level of ALDH1, a known cancer stem cell (CSC) marker, had higher tumorigenic, invasive, and metastatic abilities. We examined the immunohistochemical expression of ALDH1 in ACC and its correlation with survival.MethodsArchival paraffin blocks of ACC were analyzed. A tissue microarray was constructed and immunohistochemical expression of ALDH1 was analyzed using anti‐ALDH1 monoclonal antibody. Correlations between ALDH1 expression and clinical and histological parameters were assessed by chi‐square tests. Survival was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank test.ResultsMost of the tumors (63%) showed stromal staining only, 11% of the tumors showed both epithelial and stromal expression, and 26% of the tumors did not show either epithelial or stromal staining. Statistical analyses did not show any correlation between the pattern of ALDH1 expression and tumor histology, tumor size, or perineural invasion. There were no significant differences in survival among the 3 patterns of ALDH1 expression.ConclusionOther factors, besides CSCs, may play important roles in tumorigenesis, cell differentiation, and tumor progression in these tumors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Ipsilateral neck nodal status as predictor of contralateral nodal metastasis in carcinoma of tongue crossing the midline
Authors: Singh Bikramjit , Nair Sudhir , Nair Deepa , Patil Asawari , Chaturvedi Pankaj , D'Cruz Anil K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundIn squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue, when lesions reach or cross the midline, there is a higher risk of contralateral nodal metastasis. Identifying factors that are associated with higher risk of nodal metastasis may help in optimizing the treatment.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted of all patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue who had undergone bilateral neck dissection at Tata Memorial Hospital between January 2007 and June 2010 for a lesion crossing or reaching the midline.ResultsContralateral nodal metastases were present in 71 of 243 patients (29%) who underwent bilateral neck dissection. Of these 71 patients, 69 patients (97%) had ipsilateral nodal metastasis.ConclusionIn carcinoma of the tongue, where lesions reach or cross the midline, the chance of contralateral nodal metastases without ipsilateral nodal metastasis is extremely rare. Frozen section of ipsilateral neck dissection can be a pointer for addressing the contralateral neck. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Dermal metastases in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck
Authors: Sesterhenn Andreas M. , Albers Max B. , Timmesfeld Nina , Werner Jochen A. , Wiegand Susanne 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundDermal metastases in squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck are rare. The purpose of this study was to evaluate incidence, site, prognostic significance, and treatment modalities of dermal metastases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.MethodsMedical records were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher exact test, Cox regression, and Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsFifty‐one patients with dermal metastases were evaluated. Dermal metastases were located in the neck, face, chest wall, and upper extremities. The median time from diagnosis of the primary tumor to the occurrence of dermal metastases was 16 months. Survival after manifestation of dermal metastases ranged from 1 to 65 weeks. Localization and treatment of dermal metastases did not significantly correlate with survival.ConclusionDermal metastases indicate the terminal phase of disease. No positive effect of certain therapy modalities could be validated. Therefore, invasive therapies should be abandoned in favor of best supportive care. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Overview of Human Factors and Ergonomics in the OR, with an Emphasis on Minimally Invasive Surgeries
Authors: Lowndes Bethany R. , Hallbeck M. Susan 
Published: May 2012

AbstractOperating rooms (OR) are where medical teams work to improve the health of a patient. However, because of the complexity of the procedures, errors and unsafe situations are likely to occur. These complications can lead to harm to the patient or medical professionals. Human factors and ergonomic professionals have been working to improve these unsafe conditions in the OR for over a century. However, with advances in technology, increased surgical complexity, as well as an increase in medical team members in the OR, there are still numerous improvements yet to be accomplished. Minimally invasive surgeries require an even more advanced approach to prevent errors due to technology, fatigue, and miscommunication. Human factors and ergonomic techniques provide the ability to greatly improve conditions for patients and surgeons alike. It is imperative that human factors and ergonomics continue to grow and facilitate technological advancements in healthcare. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fuzzy modeling of the forced convection heat transfer from a V‐shaped plate exposed to an air slot jet
Authors: Yousefi Tooraj , Karami Alimohammad , Rezaei Ehsan , Ebrahimi Saeid 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis paper focuses on the application of fuzzy logic (FL) to predict the forced convection heat transfer from V‐shaped plate internal surfaces exposed to an air impingement slot jet. The aim of the present paper is to consider the effects of the angle of a V‐shaped plate (Φ), slot‐to‐plate spacing ratio (Z/W), and Reynolds number (Re) variation on average heat transfer from the V‐shaped plate internal surfaces. The data used for developing the FL structure was obtained experimentally by a Mach‐Zehnder interferometer. The proposed FL was developed using MATLAB functions. It was observed that the average Nusselt number will be decreased with an increase in jet spacing and be increased with an increase in Reynolds number and angle of V‐shaped plate. Moreover, it is also shown that fuzzy logic is a powerful technique to use for predicting heat transfer due to its low error rate. The average error of the fuzzy predictions compared with experimental data was found to be 0.33% for this study. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21009
Transient heat transfer in a heat‐generating fin with radiation and convection with temperature‐dependent heat transfer coefficient
Authors: Khan Waqar A. , Aziz A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe transient heat transfer in a heat‐generating fin with simultaneous surface convection and radiation is studied numerically for a step change in base temperature. The convection heat transfer coefficient is assumed to be a power law function of the local temperature difference between the fin and its surrounding fluid. The values of the power exponent n are chosen to include simulation of natural convection (laminar and turbulent) and nucleate boiling among other convective heat transfer modes. The fin is assumed to have uniform internal heat generation. The transient response of the fin depends on the convection‐conduction parameter, radiation‐conduction parameter, heat generation parameter, power exponent, and the dimensionless sink temperature. The instantaneous heat transfer characteristics such as the base heat transfer, surface heat loss, and energy stored are reported for a range of values of these parameters. When the internal heat generation exceeds a threshold the fin acts as a heat sink instead of a heat source. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21012
Accuracy of concurrent visual and cytology screening in detecting cervical cancer precursors in rural India
Authors: Deodhar Kedar , Sankaranarayanan Rengaswamy , Jayant Kasturi , Jeronimo Jose , Thorat Ranjit , Hingmire Sanjay , Muwonge Richard , Chiwate Aruna , Deshpande Rutha , Ajit Dulhan , Kelkar Rohini , Rekhi Bharat , Ruben Irene , Malvi Sylla G. , Chinoy Roshni , Jambhekar Nirmala , Nene Bhagwan M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe high burden of cervical cancer and inadequate/suboptimal cytology screening in developing countries led to the evaluation of visual screening tests, like visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and Lugol's iodine (VILI). We describe the performance of VIA, VILI and cytology, carried out in a multinational project called “Screening Technologies to Advance Rapid Testing” in 5,519 women aged 30–49 years, in detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). VIA, VILI and cytology were positive in 16.9%, 15.6% and 6.1% women, respectively. We found 57 cases of CIN2, 55 of CIN3 and 12 of cervical cancer; 90% of CIN3 and 43% CIN2 cases were positive for p16 overexpression and high‐risk HPV infection, indicating a high validity of histological diagnosis. The sensitivity of VIA, VILI and cytology to detect high‐grade CIN were 64.5%, 64.5% and 67.7%, respectively; specificities were 84.2%, 85.5% and 95.4%. A high proportion of p16 positive CIN 3 (93.8%) and 2 (76.9%) were positive on cytology compared with visual tests (68.8% and 53.8%, respectively) indicating a higher sensitivity of cytology to detect p16 positive high‐grade CIN. However, the immediate availability of the results from the visual tests permits diagnosis and/or treatment to be performed in the same sitting, which can potentially reduce loss to follow‐up when women must be recalled following positive cytology. Organizing visual screening services in low‐resource countries may facilitate the gradual building of an infrastructure committed to screening allowing the eventual introduction of more sensitive, highly objective, reproducible and affordable human papillomavirus screening tests in future.
Diesel and biodiesels induce hepatic palmitoyl‐coa oxidase enzymatic activity through different molecular mechanisms in rats
Authors: Pelletier Guillaume , Rigden Marc , Poon Raymond 
Published: May 2012

AbstractInduction of palmitoyl‐CoA oxidase enzymatic activity in rat liver suggests that ingestion of diesel and biodiesels can cause mild hepatic peroxisomal proliferation. Surprisingly, quantification by immunochemistry of the enzyme itself (ACOX1) revealed that palmitoyl‐CoA oxidase enzymatic activity correlates with ACOX1 protein level following exposure to diesel, but not following exposure to biodiesels. Quantification of CYP4A1, another biomarker of peroxisomal proliferation, further indicates that contrary to diesel, the effects of biodiesels appear to be independent of this pathway. There are two ACOX1 protein isoforms that exhibit different enzymatic activities depending on the substrate. The results of our enzymatic assays performed on substrates presenting different carbon chain lengths (octanoyl‐CoA and palmitoyl‐CoA) are compatible with the hypothesis of a differential regulation of the ACOX1 isoforms by diesel and biodiesels. Further studies will be required to precisely determine the molecular mechanisms by which diesel and biodiesels induce palmitoyl‐CoA oxidase activity in rat liver. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:235–240, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21412
Use of 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide ionic liquid in the recovery of lactic acid from wine
Authors: Lateef Huma , Gooding Anna , Grimes Sue 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Lactic acid has many different applications in a variety of industries including the food, cosmetics, packaging, leather and chemical industries. Current methodologies for lactic acid production are lengthy and complicated and more efficient methods are being sought. Some organic wastes contain lactic acid and our work investigates the use of ionic liquids (ILs) in the efficient and selective extraction of lactic acid from organic waste using wine as a model system. The ionic liquid was chosen based on its ability to selectively solvate and separate lactic acid from the remaining bulk waste material.RESULTS: Several ILs including 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (hmimCl), 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide (hmimBr), 1‐hexyl‐3‐methylimidazolium iodide (hmimI) and N‐hexylpyridinium iodide (hpyrI) have been synthesized in high yield (68‐95%) using microwave technology. Lactic acid is soluble in each of the ILs synthesized with optimum results achieved with hmimBr where lactic acid is miscible in all proportions. HmimBr has been used to successfully separate and extract lactic acid from wine as confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, it has been possible to recover the IL for recycle in subsequent extraction cycles where the efficiency for the extraction process increases with each recycle.CONCLUSION: HmimBr has been used for the first time in a novel process for the separation and recovery of lactic acid from wine, as confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. This work demonstrates a novel process which can be applied to the recovery of lactic acid from organic waste. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry