bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Did the large coseismic displacement cause the global overturning collapse of the Alto Rio building during the 27 February 2010 Offshore Maule, Chile earthquake?
Authors: Alimoradi Arzhang , Naeim Farzad 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA very large coseismic displacement (≈304  cm) was recorded at the city of Concepción during the moment magnitude (Mw) 8·8 Offshore Maule, Chile earthquake of 27 February 2010. The Alto Rio building, a 15‐storey reinforced concrete structure with two underground levels, experienced a global overturning collapse, resulting in the death of eight of its occupants. Ever since, a lingering question has preoccupied the minds of structural engineers and earth scientists: Did the large coseismic displacement cause the overturning collapse of this building? The answer based on the analyses provided in this paper is no. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Special issue: 2010 los angeles tall buildings structural design council—2010 magnitude 8·8 chile earthquake
Authors: Mehrain Michael , Lew Marshall , Hart Gary C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractIt is a pleasure to present the seventh annual issue developed by the Los Angeles Tall Buildings Structural Design Council. This two part issue is devoted to the Offshore Maule earthquake that shook Central Chile earlier this year. These two issues represent significant lessons learned from this earthquake. This earthquake is very significant as it presents a unique opportunity to study the effects of a true mega earthquake (with moment magnitude of 8·8) on modern tall buildings designed with contemporary building codes and constructed with modern construction methods. The building codes and construction methods are similar to those used in the USA so this event should be of interest to all structural engineers. This earthquake occurred on the South American subduction zone, which has uncanny similarities to other similar subduction zones around the world including the Cascadia subduction zone off the coast of the Pacific Northwest of the USA and Southern British Columbia, Canada; other subduction zones include those off of Alaska, Japan, Philippines and Indonesia. Thus, this earthquake gives us the first opportunity to develop an understanding of the behaviour of tall buildings to subduction zone events. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Recognition of word emotion state in sentences
Authors: Quan Changqin , Ren Fuji 
Published: November 2010

AbstractEmotional word spotting has been an important step for the problems of textual emotion recognition and automatic emotion lexicon construction. To express and recognize emotion of words, especially for the words bear undirect emotions, emotion ambiguity, or multiple emotions, the notion of ‘word emotion state’ is proposed, which describes the state of combined basic emotions in a word. On the basis of Ren‐CECps (an annotated emotion corpus) and MaxEnt (maximum entropy) modeling, we explore the effectiveness of several features and their combinations for word emotion recognition in certain contexts. A comparative study on the performances of word emotion and word emotion state recognition is given. The experimental results showed that a model using word emotion state can greatly outperform using word emotion. © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Online adaptive control via evolutionary algorithm
Authors: Duong Sam Chau , Kinjo Hiroshi , Uezato Eiho , Yamamoto Tetsuhiko 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis paper presents an online adaptive control method for nonlinear systems using evolutionary algorithms (EAs). A general framework of constructing an EA‐based online control system that processes problems continuously is first introduced with focus on handling external disturbance adaptively. In order to verify the method, a neural network controller and genetic algorithm, which have emerged as the most popular and successful techniques in computational intelligence, are employed as an example of the method. Two nonholonomic systems are considered, one being a wheeled mobile robot and the other rotary crane system. To emphasize the advantage of the proposed approach, strong and sudden disturbances are used in these tests. Simulations show that the method works effectively to control the perturbed systems to the desired states. © 2010 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Effect of agropesticides use on male reproductive function: A study on farmers in Djutitsa (Cameroon)
Authors: Manfo Faustin Pascal Tsagué , Moundipa Paul Fewou , Déchaud Henri , Tchana Ang`le Nkouatchoua , Nantia Edouard Akono , Zabot Marie‐Thérèse , Pugeat Michel 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis study aimed at investigating the effect of agropesticides on male reproductive function in farmers in Djutitsa (West Cameroon). To this end, 47 farmers in Djutitsa were asked questions on their health status and pesticide use in agriculture. Thereafter, their blood samples were collected for assessment of sex hormones including serum luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle‐stimulating hormone (FSH), androstenedione, testosterone, as well as sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). Their serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) levels were also measured. Thirty seven men not exposed to agropesticides were recruited as control group. Fifty six pesticides containing 25 active substances were currently used by farmers enrolled in our study, and most of their symptoms were related to spread/use of these chemicals. Compared to the control group, there was no significant difference in FSH, LH, SHBG, estradiol, and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) levels. Farmers had significantly lower serum testosterone (20.93 ± 1.03 nM vs. 24.32 ± 1.32 nM; P < 0.05) and higher androstenedione level (3.83 ± 0.20 nM vs. 2.80 ± 0.15 nM; P < 0.001). Their serum free testosterone as well as bioavailable testosterone were unchanged, while estradiol/testosterone and androstenedione/testosterone ratios were significantly increased (0.45 ± 0.03% vs. 0.33 ± 0.02%; P < 0.01 and 12.26 ± 3.64 vs 19.31 ± 6.82; P < 0.001, respectively). Our results suggest that male farmers of Djutitsa (West Cameroon) are exposed to agropesticides due to improper protective tool, and this exposure may impair their reproductive function through inhibition of testosterone synthesis; probably by inhibition of testicular 17β‐ hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17HSD3) and induction of aromatase (CYP19). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
Microcystin‐producing genotypes from cyanobacteria in Brazilian reservoirs
Authors: Bittencourt‐Oliveira Maria do Carmo , Piccin‐Santos Viviane , Gouvêa‐Barros Selma 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the use of new oligonucleotide primers (mcyB‐F/R, mcyB‐F/R‐A, and mcyB‐F/R‐B) designed from Brazilian cyanobacteria for the detection of microcystin‐producing genotypes in 27 environmental samples from water reservoirs and 11 strains of Microcystis. Microcystins were found using HPLC in all 11 strains and 19 of the environmental samples. The new oligonucleotide primers amplified fragments of microcystin‐producing genes, including the eight environmental samples in which no microcystins were detected by HPLC, but which presented amplified fragments, thereby demonstrating the existence of microcystin‐producing genes. The new oligonucleotide primers exhibited better specificity when used with environmental samples and were more reliable in comparison with those described in the literature (mcyB‐FAA/RAA and mcyA‐Cd/FR), which generate false‐negative results. The better performance of these new oligonucleotide primers underline the need for designing molecular markers that are well fitted to the regional biological diversity. As this is a fast predictive technique for determining the presence or absence of microcystins, it could be used either alone or in conjunction with other techniques, such as the screening of samples to be sent for quantitative toxicological analysis using HPLC, thereby reducing monitoring cost and time. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
Main partitioning criteria for the characterization of the health status in the freshwater mussel Anodonta cygnea from spontaneously polluted area in western ukraine
Authors: Falfushynska Halina I. , Gnatyshyna Lesya L. , Golubev Alexandr P. , Stoliar Oksana B. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to appreciate the consequences of spontaneous human activity for freshwater mollusks in the generally ecologically sustainable area in Western Ukraine. For this, bivalve mollusk, Anodonta cygnea, at three sites, with mixed agricultural and municipal activities (A), close to a municipal water inlet (F) and the cooling pond of a nuclear power plant (N), were studied in spring, summer, and autumn. The set of parameters included the characteristics of oxidative stress (activity of catalase (CAT), levels of protein carbonyls (PC)), levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH, GSSG, respectively), activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LD), cholinesterase (ChE), ethoxyresorufin‐O‐deethylase (EROD), glutathione S‐transferase (GST) in the digestive gland, and concentrations of vitellogenin‐like proteins (Vtg‐LP) in gonads and also morphological indices. Although the discriminant functional analysis confirmed the general seasonal regularities for studied groups, it allowed to discriminate between sites (P < 0.05). At site A, oxidative stress; high levels of LD, EROD, and GST; and low levels of ChE and condition factor were reflected. This demonstrated the sensitivity of mussels to constant effect of mixed pollution. At site N, oxidative injury was shown that might be explained by the constantly high temperature. At site F, abrupt elevations of Vtg‐LP and EROD levels in autumn were probably related to an emergency situation on the nearby dump. So, both chronic and temporal environmental effects were reflected by a set of markers in mollusk. The classification and regression tree (CART) algorithm selected GSH and PC in the digestive gland and Vtg‐LP as partitioning criteria for the characterization of mussel health status. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2012.
Nested subset patterns of species composition in a pond‐dwelling fish fauna
Authors: Mitsuo Yoshito , Tsunoda Hiroshi , Ohira Mitsuru , Doi Makie , Senga Yutaro 
Published: November 2010

AbstractOur objectives are to examine the influence of the difference in stress tolerance among species on patterns of nestedness and to test whether a set of several small ponds supports more species than a few large ponds of equal area. Although fish species assemblages for each group of all fish, tolerant and intolerant species were significantly nested, intolerant species showed stronger nested tendency than tolerant species, suggesting that the tolerance of species can influence the patterns of nestedness. These results suggest that the tolerance of species can influence the patterns of nestedness. As for the comparison of cumulative species richness in small ponds and large ponds, although small ponds supported more species for tolerant species, there was little difference for intolerant species.
The founding text of International Relations? Norman Angell's seminal yet flawedThe Great Illusion(1909–1938)
Authors: CEADEL MARTIN 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNorman Angell'sThe Great Illusion, which ran through six versions in London between November 1909 and December 1938, has some claim to have launched International Relations as a self-consciously independent yet sub-consciously liberal discipline. Understood to argue primarily that the interlocking fragility of the international financial system stopped modern states profiting from aggression, its ideas were promoted by a specially created foundation as ‘the science of international politics’ or ‘international polity’. Since the 1970s, moreover, the book has been credited by scholars with pioneering the concepts of interdependence and globalisation. Now, therefore, it is less its seminal qualities than its fundamental flaws that require emphasis. Its celebrated claim about the irenic implications of financial interdependence was widely misunderstood as implying the impossibility, in addition to the disutility, of aggression. And a little-noticed second argument – that political control over territory brought no substantive benefits – was not only implausible but inconsistent with Angell's declared opposition to cuts in arms spending.The Great Illusion's policy recommendations were thus ambiguous, and altered from edition to edition as its author grappled first with the contradiction between pacifist and pro-defence strands in his thinking and then with the changing international situation.
Using Alternative Therapies to Manage Chronic Illness Among Older Adults: An Examination of the Health Context, Predisposing and Enabling Processes
Authors: Wister Andrew V. , Chittenden Minda , McCoy Bonnie , Wilson Kelly , Allen Trasey , Wong Melanie 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper examines use of alternative therapies to manage a chronic illness among older adults with at least one of three major conditions: arthritis, heart disease, and hypertension. Drawing from developments in the health utilization literature, a focus is placed on the illness context, predisposing factors, and several factors deemed to enable persons to use complementary medicine. The baseline data (n = 879) from the 1995–96 North Shore Self-Care Study conducted in Vancouver, Canada were used for this study. Two dependent variables were analysed using logistic regression techniques – the first is based on a comprehensive question about using alternative therapies (such as herbal remedies, acupuncture, massage therapy, etc.) to manage a chronic condition; and the second uses a more specific question pertaining to meditation or praying. The results from the first analysis show that being younger, suffering from arthritis compared to hypertension, comorbidity, taking fewer medications, lower income, reading on the chronic condition, and the interaction between reading and illness self-efficacy are associated with trying alternative therapies. The findings for the second analysis show that being female, being younger, and not married, as well as reporting a more serious condition, illness duration and the interaction between having moderate levels of mutual aid and number of confidants result in a greater likelihood of trying meditation/prayer. Implications of these results are discussed in terms of their theoretical import, and their relevance for the degree to which unconventional and conventional medicine are complementary.
Health, Psycho-social and Cultural Determinants of Medication Use by Chinese-Canadian Older Persons
Authors: Tjam Erin Yuet , Hirdes John P. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTVariations in health and medication use exist across cultures. Medication use among Chinese-Canadian older persons is complicated by many factors including combined use of Western and traditional Chinese medicines (TCM). There is little research on health, psycho-social and cultural determinants of medication use in the Chinese. A cross-sectional census study of community-based Chinese-Canadian older persons in the Kitchener/Waterloo area was conducted using the Minimum Data Set for Home Care and a supplementary questionnaire for cultural issues. The response rate was 89.1 per cent with 106 participants using face-to-face assessments. Socio-demographic and cultural variables were summarized. The multivariate logistic model for TCM use included pain symptoms and being hospitalized, and a curvilinear association between TCM use and health beliefs. For combined medicine use, living with a child, pain symptoms, hospitalization, and social isolation problems were the main effects. Living with a child, physical health problems and number of diseases were associated with Western medicine use. Health, psycho-social and cultural factors were significant determinants for medication use. Education programs for both Chinese-Canadian older persons and health care providers are necessary to understand the appropriate use of Western and TCM treatments.
Disability Onset among Aging Canadians: Evidence from Panel Data
Authors: Hum Derek , Simpson Wayne 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTPast studies of aging and disability have been restricted to and by cross-sectional data. When cross-sectional surveys measure income, disability status and age at a common point in time, it is impossible to discern the process, and consequences, of a disability onset. In other words, it is not possible to examine the circumstances of the same individuals before, and after, the disability onset; nor whether effects differ according to the age at which the disability occurs. The present study uses a new panel data set, the Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID), to examine the prevalence of disability with respect to age, gender, and other socio-economic characteristics; however, its unique contribution is its investigation of disability onset, and the rates of entry into, and exit from, disability status by age group and gender. Further, we assess the financial circumstances of those who become disabled vis-à-vis a “control group”.
End of Life Care: The Experience of Seniors and Informal Caregivers
Authors: Ross Margaret M. , MacLean Michael J. , Cain Roy , Sellick Scott , Fisher Rory 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAs Canada's elderly population grows, an increasing number of seniors will require care as they face the end of life. Relatively little research attention, however, has been given to end-of-life issues, including those related to treatment and care for persons who are both old and dying. Families and health care providers have little direction and guidance to ensure an optimum quality of life for seniors prior to death and during the period of bereavement. This article presents an abbreviated summary of the literature regarding end-of-life issues and challenges for seniors who face a life threatening illness and are at, or near, the end of their lives. The article is also informed by a series of focus groups with elderly and other informal caregivers regarding the giving of help and getting support while caring for persons who are dying. It concludes with a response to this evidence by making a series of recommendations aimed at ensuring optimal end-of-life care for seniors who are dying and their families.
William J. Weiner, Lisa M. Shulman, and Anthony E. Lang Parkinson's disease: A complete guide for patients and families. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.
Authors: Frazier Leslie D. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLa maladie de Parkinson est une affection chronique neurologique dégénérative qui affecte environ un million de personnes en Amérique du Nord. Or, tous les patients atteints de la maladie doivent être bien informés; ils ont surtout besoin d'en comprendre les symptômes et la progression pour être en mesure de l'affronter efficacement. Parkinsons disease: A complete guide for patients and families par Weiner, Shulman et Lang (2001) constitue une ressource précieuse pour les patients, leurs familles et les soignants qui travaillent auprès de cette population. Le livre fournit une bonne quantité d'information biomédicale sur la maladie. Les données sont communiquées selon un modèle élémentaire qui éduque le lecteur mais qui lui permet aussi de s'assumer et qui lui aide éventuellement à faire face à sa maladie. Le livre présente toutefois certaines faiblesses qu'il faut signaler, dont entre autres, le fait que l'approche biomédicale écarte les questions psychosociales reliées à la maladie. Une autre faiblesse porte sur l'absence de mention des efforts scientifiques récents dans d'autres secteurs que la médecine clinique. Enfin, il porte peu d'attention aux interventions thérapeutiques qui ne sont pas du domaine médical ou pharmacologique. Les auteurs renvoient à d'autres sources les lecteurs qui souhaitent se renseigner sur ces éléments.
Kevan H. Namazi, & Paul K. Chafetz (Eds.). Assisted living: Current issues in facility management and resident care. Westport, CT: Auburn House, 2001.
Authors: Rose Miriam 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉBien que l'objectif avoué de ce livre consiste à aborder les questions administratives et cliniques reliées à l'exploitation de résidences-services pour aînés, plusieurs parties pourraient également s'appliquer à des centres de soins. Le livre aborde en profondeur les caractéristiques des résidants, l'exploitation des installations et les stratégies de gestion reliées au logement avec assistance. Il traite aussi des questions reliées aux tendances de l'industrie et notamment à la promotion de l'assistance en remplacement des centres de soins, au vieillissement chez soi, à la possibilité d'une réglementation gouvernementale plus serrée dans les cas où les résidants deviennent moins alertes et sur la comparaison entre les soins fournis dans les résidences-services et dans les centres de soins. Le livre s'attarde peu cependant à des questions propres au logement avec assistance et aurait gagné à présenter une synthèse globale des divers points de vue philosophiques sous-jacents aux approches proposées par les auteurs, surtout en ce qui a trait aux occasions de favoriser le vieillissement chez soi.
Qualité des soins dispensés en unités de courte durée gériatriques : la perspective des aidants familiaux
Authors: Roberge Danièle , Ducharme Francine , Lebel Paule , Pineault Raynald , Loiselle Jacynthe 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTUntil now, family caregivers have been involved very little in the processes of assessing the quality of care delivered to a hospitalized relative. This study is the second phase of a broader research project whose aim is to develop measurement scales intended for elderly patients and their caregivers on their perceptions of the quality of services delivered in Geriatric Assessment Units. More specifically, the goal of this phase of the research is to document the criteria that caregivers use to judge the quality of these services: these criteria should constitute the content of the measurement scale that is intended for them. Four focus groups, bringing together 21 caregivers, allowed for the identification of 31 criteria of quality. These criteria have been classified according to six dimensions of quality: information, communication, attitude of staff, technical quality, continuity, and physical resources. The study highlights the dual concerns of participants: the well-being of the patient and support for caregivers. It shows that caregivers consider themselves to be clients of geriatric services.
Activité physique, santé et vieillissement chez des femmes francophones de l'Ontario
Authors: Beausoleil Natalie , Martin Geneviève 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis article discusses qualitative research conducted in minority Francophone communites in Ontario. The perceptions of and participation in physical activity by some thirty women are analysed with respect to sociological foundations and current views on aging. These views apply to individual responsibility for health; to the links between health, beauty, and aging; to participation in sports; to perceptions of masculinity and femininity; and, finally, to the obligation to remain physically active at all stages of life. The results of the study among women grouped into three age brackets reveal that, although these women have adopted a view of individual responsibility for health and the prevention of the harmful effects of aging through regular physical exercise, they may also be seen as subjects who find strategies in their daily lives to avoid falling prey to the pressures of health and beauty standards regarding aging, to face limitations, and to develop a healthy way of experiencing the aging process.