bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Health in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Esen Selin Akturk , Esen İrfan , Açikgöz Yusuf 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nutritional habits of premenopausal women using the Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire (FCFQ) and to evaluate the relationship between anthropometric measurements, lipid parameters, and the presence of anemia with the findings obtained.

Methods:
This study was carried out in the internal medicine outpatient clinics of the Health Sciences University Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training Research Hospital (located in Yıldırım districts) and Gürsu State Hospital (located in Gürsu districts) of Bursa province between 1 June–31 August 2019. We used clustered sampling in patient selection. One hundred seventy-one premenopausal participants aged between 18 and 55 who were known to be healthy and who came for routine control to the internal medicine outpatient clinics were included in the study. The FCFQ was used to determine how often the participants consumed different food groups in the last 1 month.

Results:
Overweight participants were 29.20% and 17% were obese. 43.90% of the women had anemia and 65.50% of the women had iron deficiency. The milk-dairy products nutrition score of the group with triglycerides (TG) <150 mg/dL was higher than the group with TG ≥150 mg/dL (P = 0.029). The meat-egg-legumes nutrition score (2.11 ± 0.57) of the group with high density lipoprotein (HDL) ≥50 mg/dL was higher than the group with HDL <50 mg/dL (1.91 ± 0.58) (P = 0.04).

Conclusions:
Anemia and obesity are high in premenopausal women. Community-based screening programs are needed to evaluate premenopausal women for anemia and obesity. Scales to assess the nutritional habits of the population are also needed in screening programs.
Role of Nutritional and Environmental Factors in the Development of Essential Hypertension among School-going Adolescents in Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Baskar Shreemathee , Nisha B , Parasuraman Gomathy , Dutta Ruma , Jain Timsi 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Essential hypertension is one of the fastest rising noncommunicable diseases among adolescents and poses a major public health issue globally. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension among school-going adolescents in Chennai and also to delineate the role of nutritional and environmental determinants in the development of hypertension.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted among school-going adolescents aged 14 to 18 years in northern Chennai. Four schools (two private, two public) out of 21 were selected randomly using probability proportionate to sampling size and 401 students were recruited after consent. Data were collected using an adapted modified World Health Organization (WHO) Global School-based student Health Survey (GSHS) questionnaire; anthropometry and blood pressure measurements were done by trained healthcare professionals using standard procedures. Prehypertension was defined when systolic or diastolic pressure >90th percentile and <95th percentile; hypertension when systolic or diastolic pressure >95th percentile. Data were analyzed using SPSS, descriptive statistics like frequencies, mean, and percentages were used and inferential statistics like Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to elicit predictors of essential hypertension.

Results:
Out of 401 participants, 185 (46.1%) were males and 216 (53.9%) were females. Overall prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension was 14.2% and 5.5%, respectively. Gender (P = 0.039), overweight/obese (P = 0.000), junk food intake for >3 days/week (P = 0.000), physical inactivity for <3 days/week (P = 0.000), and parent's history (P = 0.005) were significant determinants in the development of prehypertension and hypertension.

Conclusions:
Nutritional and environmental determinants play a critical role in influencing blood pressure status among adolescents, this requires lifestyle and behavioral modification.
Lived Experiences of Diabetes Team and Patients about Diabetes Care System after Redesigning Delivery System and Supporting Self-Management in Iran
Authors: Molayaghobi Nasrin Soltani , Abazari Parvaneh , Taleghani Fariba , Iraj Bijan 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Diabetes as a chronic disease requires a change in the paradigm of treatment and health care system based on acute illnesses to chronic conditions. Chronic Care Model has been designed to address this need. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of the diabetes team and diabetic patients regarding the health care system after redesigning delivery system and supporting self-management based on the Chronic Care Model in Iran.

Methods:
Research was conducted with a qualitative descriptive approach in one of the Isfahan city clinics in 2018. The participants were diabetes team (composed of diabetes physician, nurse, assistant nurse and dean of the clinic) and 17 type- 2 diabetic patients who were selected through purposive sampling. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and then were analyzed using content analysis with an inductive approach.

Results:
The findings of this study were composed of the following two main categories: (1) educational function change, including the sub-categories of evidence-based nurse education and patients’ demand to ongoing participation in the training classes; and (2) treatment and care method upgrade, including the sub-categories of nurse's role change in a team approach, continuity in cares and upgrading patients’ self-care behaviors.

Conclusions:
Delivery system redesign and diabetes self-management support based on Chronic Care Model changed organizational structure and performance of the diabetes care system. It also reformed the structure of treatment providers from a vertical and hierarchical form to a team arrangement. Nurse's educational function became evidence-based and patients’ self-care behaviors upgraded.
Fracture Risk Factor in Post-Menopausal Women with Deterioration of Bone Density
Authors: Md. Isa Muhammad Lokman , Mohd Hatta Nik Noor Kaussar Nik , Nurumal Mohd Said , Sharifudin Mohd Ariff 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Most of the aged women experience the deterioration of bone due to the gradual decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). According to different studies, a continuous progressive decline in bone density results in risks of fractures.

Aims:
The study aimed to identify the fracture risk factors among post-menopausal women with the deterioration of bone density.

Settings and Design:
Cross-sectional study design was used, and was conducted clinic at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA) Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.

Methods:
In total, 116 post-menopausal women were selected as a sample from a public hospital in Malaysia. An assessment checklist on fracture risks; including age, menopause year, BMD, serum calcium level, balance and gait score, body mass index (BMI) was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation were used to analyze data.

Results:
Findings showed that 87.1% participants confidently performed daily activities. Normal TUG score was revealed for 76.7%, and Fall Free Prevention Questionnaire (FFPQ) findings show that no risk of falling prevailed. Pearson correlation showed negative weak correlation between BMD with the age of respondents, year of menopause and TUG (r = –.373), (r = –. 284) and (r = –.237). Moderate correlation was found between BMD in BMI status (r = .343) and weak correlation was found between BMD and ABC scale (r = .200).

Conclusions:
The study emphasized on instigation of the intervention to improve population literacy related to menopause and bone density deficiency.
Pregnancy History, Oral Contraceptive Pills Consumption (OCPs), and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Ghajarzadeh Mahsa , Mohammadi Aida , Shahraki Zahra , Sahraian Mohammad Ali , Mohammadifar Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

Background:
To estimate the pooled odds of oral contraceptive pills consumption (OCPs) use as well as pregnancy history and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk.

Methods:
We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Google scholar, and gray literature including references of the references as well as conference papers. The search strategy in PubMed was ((Oral contraceptive pills) OR OCP) AND (Multiple Sclerosis OR Sclerosis, Multiple) OR Sclerosis, Disseminated) OR Disseminated Sclerosis) OR MS (Multiple Sclerosis)) OR Multiple Sclerosis, Acute Fulminating) AND (gravidity) OR (pregnancy).

Results:
Four studies were included. The pooled odds of developing MS in women with pregnancy history compared with nulligravid women was 0.64 (95%CI = 0.53 − 0.78) (I
2 = 0, P = 0.5), which means that pregnancy reduces the risk of MS by 36%. The pooled odds of OCP consumption and risk of MS were 1.09 (95% CI = 0.67 − 1.76). By comparing the pooled odds of OCP consumption and risk of MS according to the country of the origin, we found that the pooled odds in Iranian studies was 1.03 (95% CI = 0.31 − 3.45) and the pooled OR in studies that were conducted in the United States was 1.13 (95% CI = 0.65 − 1.98), which showed that the country of the origin was not the cause of heterogeneity.

Conclusions:
The results of this systematic review show that pregnancy history is a protective factor for MS development, whereas OCP use has no significant effect.
Effect of Selenium on Triglyceride and Total Cholesterol, Weight Gain, and Physical Activity on Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Atapour Abdolamir , Vahdat Sahar , Hosseini Mohsen , Mohamadian Hamed 
Published: May 2024

Background:
End-stage renal disease is one of the most important chronic diseases. Selenium is one of the so-called rare elements which are essential for our body functions. Here, we aimed to investigate and the effects of selenium supplement therapy on weight gain, physical activity, and triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol in patients under hemodialysis.

Methods:
The current study is a double-blinded clinical trial performed on patients with ESRD under hemodialysis in 2019. In the beginning, serum selenium levels were assessed. All patients were randomly divided into two groups. The first group was under treatments with tablets of selenium 400 μg. Patients received selenium tablets three times after each hemodialysis session (3 times a week) and the other group received placebo tablets. 3 months after the beginning of the study, blood selenium levels, TG and total cholesterol, and weight and physical activities of patients were evaluated again and compared with the beginning.

Results:
A total of 78 patients were included. Serum selenium levels at the beginning of our study were 40.06 ± 8.50 in the intervention group and 45.00 ± 8.16 in control groups. Selenium levels and physical activities of patients were increased significantly in intervention group compared to baseline (P < 0.001 for both). Weight, physical activity, total cholesterol, and TG in both intervention and control groups did not change significantly after interventions (P > 0.05).

Conclusions:
We showed that selenium supplement therapies have beneficial effects in patients under hemodialysis. Furthermore, we showed that selenium supplement therapies have positive effects on serum selenium levels but no effects on total cholesterol and TG.
Pramlintide
Authors: Safaeian Leila , Shafiee Fatemeh , Naderi Marzieh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Oxidative stress has a prominent role in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications. Pramlintide is an injectional amylin analogue used for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. The present investigation evaluated the effect of pramlintide against oxidative damage induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Methods:
Cell viability was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide method. Hydroperoxides level, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and expression of transcription factor NF-κB were measured in HUVECs that pretreated with pramlintide and, then exposed to H2O2.

Results:
Pramlintide significantly decreased the cytotoxicity caused by H2O2 at the concentrations of 5 and 10 μg/mL. Pretreatment of HUVECs with pramlintide reduced hydroperoxides and increased FRAP value in intra- and extra-cellular mediums at different concentration ranges compared with H2O2 stimulated cells. Pramlintide (10 μg/mL) remarkably ameliorated the expression of NF-κB gene after 1, 3 and 24 h exposure to H2O2.

Conclusions:
Findings of the current investigation displayed that pramlintide may act as a protective against oxidative conditions in endothelial cells through modulation of oxidative markers and transcription factor NF-κB.
The Prevention of Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity
Authors: Ashrafi Farzaneh , Mortazavi Mojgan , Nematbakhsh Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

Backgrounds:Most of the cancer patients with solid tumor are subjected to chemotherapy with cisplatin (CP) in clinic. However, the most side effect of CP is nephrotoxicity, which limits the treatment. The aim of study was to develop a general consensus statement for CP therapy in clinic to limit the drug-induced nephrotoxicity.Methods:A total of 30 oncologist-hematologists, adult and pediatric nephrologists, radiation oncologists, clinical pathologist clinical pharmacologist, and renal physiologist participated in a workshop, and in order to reduce the incidence of CP-induced nephrotoxicity, a general consensus was developed.Results:The developed general consensus was focused on some items such as age, sex, female hormone, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), renin–angiotensin system inhibitor drugs, glomerular filtration rate, hydration methods, contrasts, antioxidants, dextrose, and magnesium.Conclusion:The agreement between participants for CP therapy in clinic was achieved, and this general consensus was announced to be implemented in the hospitals.
The Value Framework Governing Iran's Health System Policy
Authors: Shams Lida , Yazdani Shahram , Nasiri Taha 
Published: May 2024

Background:
The value framework governing the health system can guide the policymaking. This study presents a set of values governing the health policies for adopting policies that are in harmony with the ideology of Iran.

Methods:
This study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, using the qualitative approach, Shams et al. framework was adopted to identify values. Identification of health-related national documents (nine documents) was performed purposefully. In the next phase, semi-structured interviews on individual experts in the health system were carried out. The key question was “What values and principles govern the health policy system?” Participants included 15 individuals. Both phases were analyzed based on qualitative content analysis.

Results:
In this study, a taxonomy of values governing policymaking is presented. Results show that equity in different dimensions, comprehensive health and a healthy human being, pioneering in health in the region, and accountability are the most important terminal vaqlues. Individual responsibility, government responsibility for health, endogenous and extrinsic economics, fair access, transparency, efficiency, quality and integrity in the supply, development and fair allocation of public health resources, and professional commitment are the most important instrumental values in Iran. Participants believed that, despite the many higher-order documents available, the health system policymaking was not based on a predetermined value.

Conclusions:
It is not enough to provide a set of values in upstream documents for implementation. It is necessary to specify the relative weight of the reference values in policymaking and their relation to each other in order to apply them in policymaking.
Healthy Dietary Pattern Reduces Risk of Gallstones
Authors: Naseri Kaveh , Saadati Saeede , Asadzadeh-Aghdaei Hamid , Hekmatdoost Azita , Sadeghi Amir , Sobhani Seyyed Reza , Abhari Khadijeh , Bahrami Alireza , Rahimi_Sakak Fatemeh , Jamshidfar Negin , Zali Mohammadreza 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Nutrition-related factors have been of great interest as one of risk factors of biliary stones. This study evaluated the association of dietary patterns with biliary stone among Iranians.

Methods:
This is a hospital-based case-control study, which was conducted in a general hospital in Tehran, Iran. A total of 110 patients with gallstone or common bile duct (CBD) stone confirmed by Ultrasonography within the last 6 months before collecting data were recruited. Controls were age-matched patients admitted to the other wards of the same hospital for a broad spectrum of disorders including traumas and orthopedic conditions, or elective surgeries, or throat/ear/nose disease and had no gallbladder disorders, participated in this study. We used a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary intakes of participants. Dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis.

Results:
By design, age was similar in both groups (57.66 ± 16.39 years vs. 56.00 ± 10.64 years in cases and controls, respectively). Two dietary patterns were extracted; “Unhealthy” (high consumption of artificial juice, processed meats, refined grains, sweets and desserts, pickles, snacks, and red meats), and “Healthy” (high consumption of vegetable oils, vegetables, fruits, fish, legumes, and nuts, as well as low consumption of hydrogenated fats and salt). Participants in the highest tertile of “Healthy” dietary pattern were significantly less likely to have the gallstones disease (OR: 0.33, 95% CI = 0.120.89) compared to the reference group (low tertile of “Healthy” dietary pattern) (P = 0.02).

Conclusions:
High consumption of vegetable oils, vegetables, fruits, fish, legumes, and nuts, as well as low consumption of hydrogenated fats and salt in context of healthy dietary pattern are inversely associated with risk of gallstones.
The Effect of Zinc Supplementation on Circulating Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)
Authors: Agh Fahimeh , Hasani Motahareh , Khazdouz Maryam , Amiri Fatemehsadat , Heshmati Javad , Aryaeian Naheed 
Published: May 2024

Background:
There are randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about the zinc supplementation effect on circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, the findings of these studies are inconsistent. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the zinc supplementation effect on BDNF and zinc levels in published RCTs.

Methods:
We searched PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, EMBASE, “Clinicaltrials.gov”, “Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials”, “IRCT” and also key journals up to 2019. RCTs with two intervention (zinc) and control (placebo) groups that evaluated zinc supplementation efficacy on BDNF levels were included. Study heterogeneity was assessed, and then, meta-analysis was performed using the fixed-effects model.

Results:
Four studies were included in the present secondary analysis. Compared with placebo, zinc supplementation significantly enhanced circulating levels of BDNF [(SMD): 0.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.22, 0.61)] and zinc [(SMD): 0.88, 95% CI: (0.54, 1.22)] with no considerable heterogeneity among the studies [(Q = 3.46; P = 0.32; I2% = 13.4); (Q = 2.01; P = 0, 37; I2% = 0.5), respectively].

Conclusions:
Our results propose that zinc supplementation can increase the circulating levels of BDNF and zinc. This study was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020149513.
Diagnostic Value of Fecal Calprotectin in Children with Gastritis, Duodenitis and Helicobacter Pylori
Authors: Rafeey Mandana , Nikmanesh Pardis , Javadzadeh Farshad 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Fecal calprotectin (FC) is suggested as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases; however, few studies have investigated its diagnostic value for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). Therefore, the current study evaluated the level of FC and its diagnostic value in patients with H. Pylori and its related conditions including gastritis and duodenitis.

Methods:
In this case-control study, 120 children with upper GI symptoms, who were indicated to undergo upper GI endoscopic examination, were consecutively included. Patients were categorized into different groups based on their endoscopic findings including H. pylori, gastritis, duodenitis or normal.

Results:
Patients with gastritis (P = 0.014) and those with duodenitis (P < 001) had significantly higher FC. The level of FC was higher in patients with H. pylori but this difference was marginally significant (P = 0.054). The level of FC had poor ability to diagnose the presence of H. pylori (P = 0.054) and gastritis (area under the curve, AUC = 0.639, P = 0.014). However, it had acceptable power to diagnose patients with or duodenitis (AUC = 0.718, P < 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of FC for diagnosis of gastritis were 64 and 65 percent (cut-off = 45.2 μg/g), and for duodenitis were 77 and 61 percent (cut-off = 46.2 μg/g), respectively.

Conclusions:
FC can be considered as an objective and diagnostic tool for duodenitis. However, due to the low sensitivity and specificity, it is suggested to consider it as an objective supplementary test beside other established diagnostic modalities.
Spatial Cluster Analysis of Stomach Neoplasms in the Center of Iran Based on a Population-Based Study, 2009-2014
Authors: Moradzadeh Rahmatollah , Shamsi Mohsen , Heidari Saeed 
Published: May 2024

Background:
A better understanding of the spatial pattern of stomach cancer can be helpful in the implementation of preventive strategies. This study is one of the first studies to establish a study unit based on the smallest possible size for cluster analysis. This study includes a novel evaluation of spatial differences in different geographical areas of Arak. The present study seeks to discover the spatial clusters of stomach cancer from 2009 to 2014 in Arak.

Methods:
All of the addresses of the stomach cancer cases were geocoded. After that, the number of stomach cancer cases in each census block was calculated to be entered in the SaTScan software. A discrete Poisson-based probability model was used to analyze this cluster.

Results:
In Arak, there are 5502 census blocks with a population of about 526,182. The number of identified and registered stomach cancer cases with an acceptable residence address was 392. Totally, 11 stomach cancer clusters were established in the area of Arak, from these; two clusters were detected statistically significant. Relative risks of the first and second clusters were 1.75 (P = 0.01) and 17.60 (P = 0.04) and those are located within the radius of 1.73 and 0.085 km, respectively.

Conclusions:
Our results have confirmed that two areas are at a higher risk than others. However, based on the results of this study, community-based interventions in certain geographical areas can be designed to reduce and control the incidence of stomach cancer.