bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TBX3 is essential for establishment of the posterior boundary of anterior genes and upregulation of posterior genes together with HAND2 during the onset of limb bud development
Authors: Soussi Geoffrey , Girdziusaite Ausra , Jhanwar Shalu , Palacio Victorio , Notaro Marco , Sheth Rushikesh , Zeller Rolf , Zuniga Aimée 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
During limb bud formation, axis polarities are established as evidenced by the spatially restricted expression of key regulator genes. In particular, the mutually antagonistic interaction between the GLI3 repressor and HAND2 results in distinct and non-overlapping anterior-distal Gli3 and posterior Hand2 expression domains. This is a hallmark of the establishment of antero-posterior limb axis polarity, together with spatially restricted expression of homeodomain and other transcriptional regulators. Here, we show that TBX3 is required for establishment of the posterior expression boundary of anterior genes in mouse limb buds. ChIP-seq and differential gene expression analysis of wild-type and mutant limb buds identifies TBX3-specific and shared TBX3-HAND2 target genes. High sensitivity fluorescent whole-mount in situ hybridisation shows that the posterior expression boundaries of anterior genes are positioned by TBX3-mediated repression, which excludes anterior genes such as Gli3, Alx4, Hand1 and Irx3/5 from the posterior limb bud mesenchyme. This exclusion delineates the posterior mesenchymal territory competent to establish the Shh-expressing limb bud organiser. In turn, HAND2 is required for Shh activation and cooperates with TBX3 to upregulate shared posterior identity target genes in early limb buds.
Automatic mapping of high-risk urban areas for Aedes aegypti infestation based on building facade image analysis
Authors: Laranjeira Camila , Pereira Matheus , Oliveira Raul , Barbosa Gerson , Fernandes Camila , Bermudi Patricia , Resende Ester , Fernandes Eduardo , Nogueira Keiller , Andrade Valmir , Quintanilha José Alberto , dos Santos Jefersson A. , Chiaravalloti-Neto Francisco 
Published: June 2024

Background
Dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, whose viruses are transmitted mainly by Aedes aegypti, significantly impact human health worldwide. Despite the recent development of promising vaccines against the dengue virus, controlling these arbovirus diseases still depends on mosquito surveillance and control. Nonetheless, several studies have shown that these measures are not sufficiently effective or ineffective. Identifying higher-risk areas in a municipality and directing control efforts towards them could improve it. One tool for this is the premise condition index (PCI); however, its measure requires visiting all buildings. We propose a novel approach capable of predicting the PCI based on facade street-level images, which we call PCINet.

Methodology
Our study was conducted in Campinas, a one million-inhabitant city in São Paulo, Brazil. We surveyed 200 blocks, visited their buildings, and measured the three traditional PCI components (building and backyard conditions and shading), the facade conditions (taking pictures of them), and other characteristics. We trained a deep neural network with the pictures taken, creating a computational model that can predict buildings’ conditions based on the view of their facades. We evaluated PCINet in a scenario emulating a real large-scale situation, where the model could be deployed to automatically monitor four regions of Campinas to identify risk areas.

Principal findings
PCINet produced reasonable results in differentiating the facade condition into three levels, and it is a scalable strategy to triage large areas. The entire process can be automated through data collection from facade data sources and inferences through PCINet. The facade conditions correlated highly with the building and backyard conditions and reasonably well with shading and backyard conditions. The use of street-level images and PCINet could help to optimize Ae. aegypti surveillance and control, reducing the number of in-person visits necessary to identify buildings, blocks, and neighborhoods at higher risk from mosquito and arbovirus diseases.
Entomological surveys and insecticide susceptibility profile of Aedes aegypti during the dengue outbreak in Sao Tome and Principe in 2022
Authors: Kamgang Basile , Acântara João , Tedjou Armel , Keumeni Christophe , Yougang Aurelie , Ancia Anne , Bigirimana Françoise , Clarke Sian E. , Gil Vilfrido Santana , Wondji Charles 
Published: June 2024

Background
The first dengue outbreak in Sao Tome and Principe was reported in 2022. Entomological investigations were undertaken to establish the typology of Aedes larval habitats, the distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, the related entomological risk and the susceptibility profile of Ae. aegypti to insecticides, to provide evidence to inform the outbreak response.

Methodology/Principal findings
Entomological surveys were performed in all seven health districts of Sao Tome and Principe during the dry and rainy seasons in 2022. WHO tube and synergist assays using piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and diethyl maleate (DEM) were carried out, together with genotyping of F1534C/V1016I/V410L mutations in Ae. aegypti. Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were found in all seven health districts of the country with high abundance of Ae. aegypti in the most urbanised district, Agua Grande. Both Aedes species bred mainly in used tyres, discarded tanks and water storage containers. In both survey periods, the Breteau (BI > 50), house (HI > 35%) and container (CI > 20%) indices were higher than the thresholds established by WHO to indicate high potential risk of dengue transmission. The Ae. aegypti sampled were susceptible to all insecticides tested except dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) (9.2% mortality, resistant), bendiocarb (61.4% mortality, resistant) and alpha-cypermethrin (97% mortality, probable resistant). A full recovery was observed in Ae. aegypti resistant to bendiocarb after pre-exposure to synergist PBO. Only one Ae. aegypti specimen was found carrying F1534C mutation.

Conclusions/Significance
These findings revealed a high potential risk for dengue transmission throughout the year, with the bulk of larval breeding occurring in used tyres, water storage and discarded containers. Most of the insecticides tested remain effective to control Aedes vectors in Sao Tome, except DDT and bendiocarb. These data underline the importance of raising community awareness and implementing routine dengue vector control strategies to prevent further outbreaks in Sao Tome and Principe, and elsewhere in the subregion.
Rationale, conceptual issues, and resultant protocol for a mixed methods Person Trade Off (PTO) and qualitative study to estimate and understand the relative value of gains in health for children and young people compared to adults
Authors: Peasgood Tessa , Bailey Cate , Chen Gang , De Silva Ashwini , De Silva Perera Udeni , Norman Richard , Shah Koonal , Viney Rosalie , Devlin Nancy 
Published: June 2024

Background
Economic evaluation of healthcare typically assumes that an identical health gain to different patients has the same social value. There is some evidence that the public may give greater value to gains for children and young people, although this evidence is not always consistent. We present a mixed methods study protocol where we aim to explore public preferences regarding health gains to children and young people relative to adults, in an Australian setting.

Methods
This study is a Person Trade Off (PTO) choice experiment that incorporates qualitative components. Within the PTO questions, respondents will be asked to choose between treating different groups of patients that may differ in terms of patient characteristics and group size. PTO questions will be included in an online survey to explore respondent views on the relative value of health gains to different age groups in terms of extending life and improving different aspects of quality of life. The survey will also contain attitudinal questions to help understand the impact of question style upon reported preferences. Additionally, the study will test the impact of forcing respondents to express a preference between two groups compared with allowing them to report that the two groups are equivalent. One-to-one ‘think aloud’, semi-structured interviews will be conducted to explore a sub-sample of respondents’ motivations and views in more detail. Focus groups will be conducted with members of the public to discuss the study findings and explore their views on the role of public preferences in health care prioritisation based on patient age.

Discussion
Our planned study will provide valuable information to healthcare decision makers in Australia who may need to decide whether to pay more for health gains for children and young people compared with adults. Additionally, the methodological test of forcing respondent choice or allowing them to express equivalence will contribute towards developing best practice methods in PTO studies. The rationale for and advantages of the study approach and potential limitations are discussed in the protocol.
The Utility of Artificial Intelligence as an Example of Large Language Models in Healthcare Education. Dr. Sergio Grunbaum
Authors: Grunbaum Sergio , de Souza Nunes Priscilla 
Published: June 2024

En la era digital actual, la inteligencia artificial (IA) ha emergido como una fuerza transformadora en diversos campos, y la educación en salud no es una excepción. En este artículo, exploraremos el papel crucial de la inteligencia artificial, particularmente los Modelos de Lenguaje Grandes (LLMs), en la evolución de la educación en salud(1).
En la era digital contemporánea, la inteligencia artificial (IA) ha surgido como una fuerza de cambio en múltiples ámbitos, y la educación en salud no queda al margen de esta transformación. Este artículo tiene como propósito examinar minuciosamente el papel esencial de la inteligencia artificial, centrándose especialmente en los Modelos de Lenguaje Grandes (LLMs), en el desarrollo de la educación en salud(1).
La inteligencia artificial, o IA, se refiere a la capacidad de las máquinas para realizar tareas que normalmente requieren la intervención humana. En el contexto de la educación en salud, este avance tecnológico ha demostrado ser una herramienta invaluable. Desde diagnósticos médicos más precisos hasta la formación de profesionales de la salud, la IA ha dejado una huella significativa(1).
Los Modelos de Lenguaje Grandes son una categoría especializada de inteligencia artificial que se enfoca en comprender y generar lenguaje humano de manera avanzada. En el ámbito educativo de la salud, estos modelos han resultado ser un cambio de paradigma al proporcionar una comprensión más profunda y contextualizada de los conceptos médicos(2).
Es esencial explorar cómo la inteligencia artificial, en particular los Modelos de Lenguaje Grandes, han evolucionado y continuamente están dando forma a la educación en salud. Desde su introducción, estos modelos han influido en la forma en que los estudiantes y profesionales de la salud acceden, asimilan y aplican conocimientos médicos(2).
En resumen, este artículo se sumergirá en los meandros de la inteligencia artificial y los Modelos de Lenguaje Grandes, desarrollando su papel revolucionario en la educación en salud. Se examinarán casos prácticos, beneficios concretos y desafíos éticos para proporcionar una visión completa de cómo la IA está transformando la manera en que aprendemos y enseñamos en el campo de la salud(2).
Colletotrichum species associated with atemoya anthracnose in northeast Brazil
Authors: Santos Jockeliny Mayara Câmara dos , Costa Jaqueline Figueredo de Oliveira , Silva Jackeline Laurentino da , Lima Tiago Silva , Santos Taciana Ferreira dos , Assunção Iraildes Pereira , Lima Gaus Silvestre de Andrade 
Published: June 2024

Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is an important disease of atemoya that can infect and cause damage to different plant organs. The symptoms include foliar anthracnose, flower abortion, branch tip bleaching, and necrotic lesions on fruits. Knowing the etiology of this disease is essential for properly developing management strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to identify Colletotrichum species associated with atemoya in the Northeast region of Brazil, based on multi-locus phylogeny and morphological analyses, to better understand the etiology of anthracnose in this plant species. The Colletotrichum isolates were obtained from symptomatic leaves and branches of atemoya collected in commercial fields in Vitória da Conquista (Bahia), Palmeira dos Índios and Rio Largo (Alagoas), located in northeast Brazil. The initial analysis of the partial sequences of the GAPDH gene was performed with nineteen Colletotrichum isolates obtained from leaves and branches of atemoya trees with typical anthracnose symptoms. Seventeen isolates were grouped in the gloeosporioides complex and two in the boninense complex. Therefore, eleven isolates were submitted to concatenated phylogenetic analyses with the genes GAPDH, TUB2, and ITS region of the rDNA to confirm the identity of the isolates at the species level. The species C. theobromicola, C. siamense, C. fructicola and C. karstii were identified and are associated with atemoya anthracnose in the Northeast region of Brazil.
Incidência da Dengue no Município de Almenara-MG em Idosos entre 2019 e 2022
Authors: Oliveira Hellen Dias Borges , Nogueira Luidy Antunes , Coelho Viviane Amaral Toledo , Nascimento Ednardo de Souza , Coelho Thomaz , Bigatello Creonice Santos , Araújo Luanna Botelho Souto de , Alves Virginia Torres 
Published: June 2024

A dengue é uma doença viral transmitida por mosquitos que nos últimos anos se espalhou rapidamente por todo o país. O vírus da dengue é transmitido por mosquitos fêmea, principalmente da espécie Aedes aegypti e, em menor proporção, da espécie Aedes albopictus. Esse estudo objetivou analisar a incidência da dengue em idosos nos anos epidêmicos 2019 a 2022 na cidade de Almenara-MG. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa, através de um levantamento bibliográfico, à luz de autores pertinentes nessa temática. As buscas foram realizadas em portais como: Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), SciELO. Realizou-se um estudo descritivo, epidemiológico e quantitativo a partir dos dados disponíveis por meio do SINAN. Os dados sociodemográficos foram obtidos através da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde no município de Almenara/MG, em um período que compreende os anos de 2019 a 2022. Nesse viés houve uma comparação entre anos de 2019 a 2022, idade dos idosos e sexo, apresentados em uma tabela. Os dados sociodemográficos foram obtidos através da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde no município de Almenara/MG por meio do SINAN, em um período que compreende os anos de 2019 a 2022. As análises dos dados disponibilizados pelo SINAN apontaram um aumento alarmante de casos, sendo o ano de 2022 o período de maior incidência dos últimos cinco anos, acometendo até mesmo idosos com mais de 80 anos.
Simple 𝑝-adic Lie groups with abelian Lie algebras
Authors: Caprace Pierre-Emmanuel , Minasyan Ashot , Osin Denis 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
For each prime 𝑝 and each positive integer 𝑑, we construct the first examples of second countable, topologically simple 𝑝-adic Lie groups of dimension 𝑑 whose Lie algebras are abelian.
This answers several questions of Glöckner and Caprace–Monod.
The proof relies on a generalization of small cancellation methods that applies to central extensions of acylindrically hyperbolic groups.
On the variation of the Einstein–Hilbert action in pseudohermitian geometry
Authors: Afeltra Claudio , Cheng Jih-Hsin , Malchiodi Andrea , Yang Paul , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we compute the first and second variation of the normalized Einstein–Hilbert functional on CR manifolds.
We characterize critical points as pseudo-Einstein structures.
We then turn to the second variation on standard spheres.
While the situation is quite similar to the Riemannian case in dimension greater than or equal to five, in three dimensions, we observe a crucial difference, which mainly depends on the embeddable character of the perturbed CR structure.
Enhancing the Mickering emulsifying capacity of agarose microgels by complexation with microamounts of sorbitan monolaurate (Tween-20)
Authors: Jiang Wenxin , Zhang Hefan , Xiong Xinwei , Li Fengting , Lu Wei , Hu Bing , Gao Zhiming , Wu Yuehan , Yuan Dan , Li Yanlei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Using non-amphiphilic polysaccharide to stabilize oil-in-water emulsions is still a challenge in food industry. Polysaccharide microgels showed emulsifying capacity, however, the stability of the formed emulsions is far from the requirements of the food industry. In this work, agarose microgel/Tween-20 suspensions were prepared and further employed in oil-in-water emulsion stabilization. Focuses were taken on the impact of Tween-20 on the emulsifying properties of agarose microgels. Results suggested that Tween-20 could complex with agarose microgels, and microamounts of Tween-20 (0.02 wt%) could apparently improve the emulsifying performance of microgels. Dynamic interfacial pressure and interfacial adsorption of microgels indicated that appropriate amount of Tween-20 (≤0.04 wt%) could benefit the interfacial adsorption of agarose microgels, while excessive Tween-20 (≥0.08 wt%) could compete with agarose microgels for adsorption sites on oil/water interface. Results of this work supporting that surfactant complexing could be a promising solution to prepare polysaccharides based Mickering emulsions.
Tunable single-photon emitters in 2D materials
Authors: Yu Yi , Seo In Cheol , Luo Manlin , Lu Kunze , Son Bongkwon , Tan Jian Kwang , Nam Donguk 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Single-photon emitters (SPEs) hold the key to many quantum technologies including quantum computing. In particular, developing a scalable array of identical SPEs can play an important role in preparing single photons – crucial resources for computation – at a high rate, allowing to improve the computational capacity. Recently, different types of SPEs have been found in various 2D materials. Towards realizing scalable SPE arrays in 2D materials for quantum computation, it is required to develop tunable SPEs that can produce identical photons by precisely controlling emission properties. Here, we present a brief review of the recent progress on various tuning methods in different 2D materials. Firstly, we discuss the operation principle of different 2D SPEs along with their unique characteristics. Secondly, we introduce various dynamic strain engineering methods for tuning the emission wavelengths in 2D SPEs. We also present several electric field-induced wavelength tuning methods for 2D SPEs. Lastly, we discuss the outlook of dynamically tunable 2D SPEs towards scalable 2D SPE arrays for realizing practical quantum photonics applications.
НАЦІОНАЛЬНІ ІНТЕРЕСИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ФРАГМЕНТАЦІЇ СВІТОВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ
Authors: ПЛОТНІКОВ Олексій 
Published: June 2024

Розглянуто питання врахування національних інтересів України в умовах фрагментації світової економіки. Показано, що фрагментація є одним з наслідків російської збройної агресії проти України і здатна призвести до поділу світу на геополітичні блоки з відповідними технічними стандартами, системами платежів і резервними валютами.
Визначено актуальні напрями подальшого розвитку держави в умовах фрагментації, з-поміж яких виокремлено такі: орієнтація України на оптимальну модель розвитку провідних країн світу; підтримка України з боку урядів країн світу і міжнародних фінансових організацій; санкційна політика проти країни-агресорки та інші обмежувальні заходи в повоєнний період; різного роду ризики світової економіки тощо.
Фрагментація світової економіки дозволяє визначити групи країн світу, здатних слугувати орієнтиром для подальшого економічного і політичного розвитку України. Ідеться як про перспективи членства в ЄС, так і про більш широкі напрями партнерства з США, Великою Британією та іншими країнами світу. Наголошено, що фрагментація фактично відсікла окремі країни, у першу чергу ті, що пов’язані з країною-агресоркою.
Крім чинника орієнтованості на ЄС критерії вибору моделі розвитку України, з урахуванням її національних інтересів, повинні полягати в стійкості й перспективності розвитку.
Зроблено висновки стосовно врахування національних інтересів України в умовах фрагментації світової економіки. Так, взаємовідносини України з урядами іноземних країн і міжнародними фінансовими організаціями слід вибудовувати на поточних реаліях національної економіки. Для цього потрібна більш широка визначеність, яка б включала середньо- і довгострокові перспективи, а співпраця в цьому напрямі має базуватися на адекватному розумінні розвитку країни. Необхідність проведення реформ в Україні одночасно з процесом повоєнної відбудови розцінюється як важлива запорука успішності реформ та їх адекватності вимогам сучасного світу.
Screening Accuracy of BMI for Adiposity Among 8- to 19-Year-Olds
Authors: Freedman David S. , Zemel Babette S. , Dietz William H. , Daymont Carrie 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Although the limitations of BMI have long been recognized, there are recent concerns that it is not a good screening tool for adiposity. We therefore examined the cross-sectional relation of BMI to adiposity among 6923 8- to 19-year-olds in the National Health and Nutrition Survey from 2011 through 2018.

METHODS
Participants were scanned with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Adiposity was expressed as fat mass index (FMI, fat mass kg ÷ m2) and percentage of body fat (%fat). Lean mass was expressed as lean mass index (LMI, lean mass ÷ m2). Regression models and 2 × 2 tables were used to assess the relation of BMI to FMI, %fat, and LMI.

RESULTS
Age and BMI accounted (R2) for 90% to 94% of the variability of FMI and LMI in each sex. Associations with %fat were weaker (R2s ∼0.70). We also examined the screening abilities of a BMI ≥ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 95th percentile for high levels of adiposity and LMI. Cut points were chosen so that prevalences of high values of these variables would be similar to that for high BMI. Of participants with a high BMI, 88% had a high FMI, and 76% had a high %fat. Participants with a high BMI were 29 times more likely to have a high FMI than those with lower BMIs; comparable relative risks were 12 for high %fat and 14 for high LMI.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite its limitations, a high BMI is a very good screening tool for identifying children and adolescents with elevated adiposity.
The Haggis, Great Pudding of the English Race
Authors: Brears Peter 
Published: June 2024

This articles looks at the earliest recipes for English puddings of cereals and fats boiled in the stomach of a sheep, variations of the recipe, the oat and offal version that was rarely recorded but probably the most widely consumed, the retreat of the dish into the North of England in the 18th and 19th-centuries, its resurgence in Scotland and state regulation.
Breads of the English Husbandman and Woman, c. 1750
Authors: Thick Malcolm 
Published: June 2024

The author explores possible reasons why with the exception of Gervase Markham at the beginning of the seventeenth century and William Ellis in the middle of the eighteenth, few authors of cookery books have written on breadmaking before 1800, looks at the historical records to estimate national levels of bread consumption in the 18th-century and then focuses what William Ellis's book, The Country Housewife’s Companion, can reveal about the economics of wheat farming in that era.