bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viruses and bacteria in acute asthma exacerbations – A GA2LEN‐DARE* systematic review
Authors: Papadopoulos N. G. , Christodoulou I. , Rohde G. , Agache I. , Almqvist C. , Bruno A. , Bonini S. , Bont L. , Bossios A. , Bousquet J. , Braido F. , Brusselle G. , Canonica G. W. , Carlsen K. H. , Chanez P. , Fokkens W. J. , Garcia‐Garcia M. , Gjomarkaj M. , Haahtela T. , Holgate S. T. , Johnston S. L. , Konstantinou G. , Kowalski M. , Lewandowska‐Polak A. , Lødrup‐Carlsen K. , Mäkelä M. , Malkusova I. , Mullol J. , Nieto A. , Eller E. , Ozdemir C. , Panzner P. , Popov T. , Psarras S. , Roumpedaki E. , Rukhadze M. , Stipic‐Markovic A. , Todo Bom A. , Toskala E. , van Cauwenberge P. , van Drunen C. , Watelet J. B. , Xatzipsalti M. , Xepapadaki P. , Zuberbier T. 
Published: November 2010

To cite this article: Papadopoulos NG, Christodoulou I, Rohde G, Agache I, Almqvist C, Bruno A, Bonini S, Bont L, Bossios A, Bousquet J, Braido F, Brusselle G, Canonica GW, Carlsen KH, Chanez P, Fokkens WJ, Garcia‐Garcia M, Gjomarkaj M, Haahtela T, Holgate ST, Johnston SL, Konstantinou G, Kowalski M, Lewandowska‐Polak A, Lødrup‐Carlsen K, Mäkelä M, Malkusova I, Mullol J, Nieto A, Eller E, Ozdemir C, Panzner P, Popov T, Psarras S, Roumpedaki E, Rukhadze M, Stipic‐Markovic A, Todo Bom A, Toskala E, van Cauwenberge P, van Drunen C, Watelet JB, Xatzipsalti M, Xepapadaki P, Zuberbier T. Viruses and bacteria in acute asthma exacerbations – A GA2LEN‐DARE systematic review. Allergy 2011; 66: 458–468.AbstractA major part of the burden of asthma is caused by acute exacerbations. Exacerbations have been strongly and consistently associated with respiratory infections. Respiratory viruses and bacteria are therefore possible treatment targets. To have a reasonable estimate of the burden of disease induced by such infectious agents on asthmatic patients, it is necessary to understand their nature and be able to identify them in clinical samples by employing accurate and sensitive methodologies. This systematic review summarizes current knowledge and developments in infection epidemiology of acute asthma in children and adults, describing the known impact for each individual agent and highlighting knowledge gaps. Among infectious agents, human rhinoviruses are the most prevalent in regard to asthma exacerbations. The newly identified type‐C rhinoviruses may prove to be particularly relevant. Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus are important in infants, while influenza viruses seem to induce severe exacerbations mostly in adults. Other agents are relatively less or not clearly associated. Mycoplasma and Chlamydophila pneumoniae seem to be involved more with asthma persistence rather than with disease exacerbations. Recent data suggest that common bacteria may also be involved, but this should be confirmed. Although current information is considerable, improvements in detection methodologies, as well as the wide variation in respect to location, time and populations, underline the need for additional studies that should also take into account interacting factors.
Tolerogenic T cells, Th1/Th17 cytokines and TLR2/TLR4 expressing dendritic cells predominate the microenvironment within distinct oral mucosal sites
Authors: Allam J.‐P. , Duan Y. , Winter J. , Stojanovski G. , Fronhoffs F. , Wenghoefer M. , Bieber T. , Peng W.‐M. , Novak N. 
Published: November 2010

To cite this article: Allam J‐P, Duan Y, Winter J, Stojanovski G, Fronhoffs F, Wenghoefer M, Bieber T, Peng W‐M, Novak N. Tolerogenic T cells, Th1/Th17 cytokines and TLR2/TLR4 expressing dendritic cells predominate the microenvironment within distinct oral mucosal sites. Allergy 2011; 66: 532–539.AbstractBackground:  Most local oral vaccine strategies use the sublingual region for drug application. Only little is known about the cytokine micromilieu, the nature of T cell subtypes and expression of target structures for adjuvants at different oral mucosal regions (OMR). However, targeting the optimal OMR might ensure highest efficiency of drug uptake and lowest risk for adverse effects.Methods:  Expression of TGF‐β1, IL10 as well as Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines and transcription factors was investigated at different OMR and skin by quantitative real‐time PCR, immunohistochemistry or flow cytometry.Results:  Highest number of T cells was located in vestibular/buccal region (VBR). In contrast to skin (SK), OMR T cells produced TGF‐β1, IL‐10, IFN‐γ and IL‐17. Significantly higher TGF‐β1 mRNA expression in the VBR compared with the sublingual region (SLR) and skin could be detected, while equal transcripts of IL‐10 and regulatory T cell‐associated transcription factor FoxP3 could be demonstrated. Expression of Th17‐associated IL‐17A, IL‐17F, IL‐22 and IL‐26 mRNA could be demonstrated in VBR and SLR but not in SK. Interestingly, compared to SK, significantly higher expression of TGF‐β1 and IFN‐γ could be detected in OMR. Moreover, expression of toll‐like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 was highest in VBR with significant expression on dendritic cells in OMR.Conclusion:  From this data, we conclude that (i) VBR and SLR represent a protolerogenic micromilieu, (ii) both regions form a Th1 cytokine‐predominated microenvironment, but also express mRNA for Th17 cytokines and (iii) TLRs detectable in VBR and SLR might serve as a target structures for adjuvants.
Atopy and current intestinal parasite infection: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Feary J. , Britton J. , Leonardi‐Bee J. 
Published: November 2010

To cite this article: Feary J, Britton J, Leonardi‐Bee J. Atopy and current intestinal parasite infection: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Allergy 2011; 66: 569–578.AbstractBackground:  The rate of increase in prevalence of allergic disease in some countries implies environmental exposures may be important etiological factors. Our aim was to undertake a systematic review and meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies to quantify the association between current intestinal parasite infection and the presence of atopy and to determine whether this relation is species specific.Methods:  We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILIACS and CAB Abstracts (to March 2009); reviews; and reference lists from publications. No language restrictions were applied. We included studies that measured current parasite infection using direct fecal microscopy and defined atopy as allergen skin sensitization or presence of specific IgE. We estimated pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using data extracted from published papers using random‐effects model.Results:  Twenty‐one studies met our inclusion criteria. Current parasite infection was associated with a reduced risk of allergen skin sensitization OR 0.69 (95% CI 0.60–0.79; P < 0.01). When we restricted our analyses to current geohelminth infection, the size of effect remained similar OR 0.68 (95% CI 0.60–0.76; P < 0.01). In species‐specific analysis, a consistent protective effect was found for infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, Tricuris trichuria, hookworm and Schistosomiasis. There were insufficient data to pool results for atopy defined by the presence of specific IgE.Conclusion:  Intestinal parasite infection appears to protect against allergic sensitization. Work should continue to identify the mechanisms of this effect and means of harnessing these to reduce the global burden of allergic disease.
Management of peripheral vascular disease compromising renal allograft placement and function: review of the literature with an illustrative case
Authors: Gill Roop , Shapiro Ron , Kayler Liise K. 
Published: November 2010

Gill R, Shapiro R, Kayler LK. Management of peripheral vascular disease compromising renal allograft placement and function: review of the literature with an illustrative case. Clin Transplant 2011: 25: 337–344. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract: As the average age of a renal transplant candidate increases, the challenge of managing recipient vascular disease affecting renal allograft function will become more common. Pre‐operative screening can reveal the presence of atheromatous disease that could adversely affect allograft transplantation and function, but parameters for successful screening have not been established. Treatment options include pre‐operative revascularization, concurrent therapy or delayed revascularization. Endovascular therapies have burgeoned but surgical correction is still required for some of the more complex, long‐segment lesions. Potential surgical interventions range from endarterectomy to aorto‐iliac bypasses. We present a case of immediate post‐operative revascularization using a femoro‐femoral bypass to salvage a renal allograft. The literature is reviewed to assess best practices for detecting peripheral vascular disease in renal transplant candidates and subsequent management options.
Similar prevalence but different characteristics of pain in kidney transplant recipients and chronic hemodialysis patients
Authors: Masajtis‐Zagajewska Anna , Pietrasik Piotr , Krawczyk Joanna , Krakowska Magdalena , Jarzębski Tomasz , Pietrasiewicz Beata , Zbróg Zbigniew , Nowicki Michał 
Published: November 2010

Masajtis‐Zagajewska A, Pietrasik P, Krawczyk J, Krakowska M, Jarzębski T, Pietrasiewicz B, Zbróg Z, Nowicki M. Similar prevalence but different characteristics of pain in kidney transplant recipients and chronic hemodialysis patients.  Clin Transplant 2011: 25: E144–E151. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Background:  Chronic pain is frequent in both hemodialysis (HD) patients and kidney transplant (KTx) recipients but its detailed characteristics have never been thoroughly investigated.Aim:  To compare prevalence of pain, its locations and characteristics, and analgesics use in chronic HD and KTx patients.Methods:  A cross‐sectional comparative study in 164 HD patients and 114 stable deceased donor KTx recipients. All participants completed the modified McGill Pain Questionnaire.Results:  Overall, 63% of HD patients and 62% of KTx patients reported pain. Fifty‐four percent of HD patients and 67% of KTx patients indicated more than one location of pain. Severe pain was more common in HD patients, and prevalence of pain‐associated symptoms from major body systems was higher in HD patients. Pain in both groups was mostly local, paroxysmal and/or chronic. Fifteen percent of HD patients and 37% of KTx patients with chronic pain were not receiving pain relief drugs. The general feeling of illness was lower in KTx than HD patients (4.54 ± 2.1 vs. 5.6 ± 0.7; p < 0.0001); however, in the former group, it was systematically increasing with the time after transplantation.Conclusions:  A successful kidney transplantation does not lead to a significant reduction in the prevalence of pain when compared to chronic HD patients. Pain relief medications are underused in KTx patients.
Insecticidal and feeding deterrent activities of essential oils in the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Jiang Z. L. , Akhtar Y. , Zhang X. , Bradbury R. , Isman M. B. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTen essential oils were tested against the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni larvae for contact, residual and fumigant toxicities and feeding deterrent effects. Against third instar T. ni, Syzygium aromaticum (LD50 = 47.8 μg/larva), Thymus vulgaris (LD50 = 52.0 μg/larva) (the two positive controls) and Cinnamomum glanduliferum (LD50 = 76.0 μg/larva) were the most toxic via topical application. Litsea pungens (LD50 = 87.1 μg/larva), Ilex purpurea (LD50 = 94.0 μg/larva), Cinnamomum cassia (LD50 = 101.5 μg/larva) and Litsea cubeba (LD50 = 112.4 μg/larva) oils were equitoxic. Thymus vulgaris (LC50 = 4.8 mg/ml) and S. aromaticum (LC50 = 6.0 mg/ml) oils were the most toxic in residual bioassays. Cymbopogon citratus (LC50 = 7.7 mg/ml) and C. cassia (LC50 = 8.5 mg/ml) oils were equitoxic followed by Cymbopogon nardus (LC50 = 10.1 mg/ml) in this bioassay. The remaining five oils showed little or no residual effects. In a fumigation bioassay, L. cubeba (LC50 = 16.5 μl/l) and I. purpurea (LC50 = 22.2 μl/l) oils were the most toxic. Cinnamomum glanduliferum (LC50 = 29.7 μl/l) and Sabina vulgaris (LC50 = 31.2 μl/l) oils were equitoxic. Interestingly, S. aromaticum did not exhibit any fumigant toxicity. Cymbopogon citratus, C. nardus and C. cassia strongly deterred feeding by third instar T. ni (DC50s = 26.9, 33.8 and 39.6 μg/cm2, respectively) in a leaf disc choice bioassay. The different responses of T. ni larvae to the oils in different bioassays suggest that these essential oils exhibit different modes of action. Based on their comparable efficacy with essential oils already used as active ingredients in many commercial insecticides (i.e. clove oil and thyme oil), some of these essential oils may have potential as botanical insecticides against T. ni.
Identification of microsatellite markers linked to leaf rust adult plant resistance (APR) gene Lr48 in wheat
Authors: Singh A. , Pallavi J. K. , Gupta P. , Prabhu K. V. 
Published: November 2010

With 2 figures and 2 tables AbstractThe recessive adult plant leaf rust resistance (APR) gene Lr48 in CSP44 was tagged using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The population was phenotyped under controlled conditions using pathotype 77‐5 (121R63‐1) at both seedling and adult plant stages. Four microsatellite markers Xwmc175, Xwmc332, Xwmc627 and Xwmc149 were linked to Lr48 and mapped to chromosome 2BL with distances of 10.3, 2.5, 12.6 and 20.7 cM from Lr48 covering a length of 31 cM. Lr48 was placed between markers Xwmc175 and Xwmc332. The earlier reported location of Lr48 on 2BS could not be confirmed. The markers were validated on another population and the closest SSR marker, Xwmc332, was specific to resistance allele Lr48 and did not amplify in wheat lines carrying other resistance genes, thus enabling breeders to pyramid Lr48 with other leaf rust resistance genes.
Follicular Progesterone Levels Decrease During the Period of Seasonal Infertility in Sows
Authors: Bertoldo M , Holyoake PK , Evans G , Grupen CG 
Published: November 2010

ContentsImpaired reproductive performance exhibited by the domestic sow during the late summer and early autumn months is referred to as seasonal infertility. This study was carried out to determine whether there are changes in ovarian morphology and follicular steroidogenesis associated with season, which may be associated with seasonal infertility. Ovaries were collected in pairs from sows sourced from two farms and slaughtered 4 days after weaning during winter and summer. The mean progesterone concentration in follicular fluid (FF) collected from small follicles was lower in summer (701.3 ± 115.54 nm) compared with winter (1235.55 ± 164.47 nm; p < 0.001). The mean progesterone concentration in the FF of large follicles was also lower in summer (1469.2 ± 156.51 nm) compared with winter (2470.9 ± 169.13 nm; p < 0.001). The number of large surface antral follicles (5–8 mm in diameter) on the ovaries recovered from Farm A sows was higher during summer (17.76 ± 0.56) than in winter (15.38 ± 0.54; p < 0.05). Similarly, the number of small follicles (3–4 mm in diameter) on Farm A sow ovaries was higher in summer (8.46 ± 0.66) than in winter (4.63 ± 0.53; p < 0.001). In contrast, the number of small follicles on the surface of ovaries recovered from Farm B sows was higher during winter (10.17 ± 1.50) than in summer (6.45 ± 1.00; p < 0.01). The number of pre‐ovulatory follicles (>8 mm in diameter) was also higher in winter (1.23 ± 1.68) when compared to summer (0.51 ± 0.3; p <0.001) on the ovaries of sows from Farm B. The results suggest that there are seasonal differences in follicular steroidogenesis and ovarian dynamics. These findings add support to the theory that altered follicular steroidogenesis and ovarian morphology may possibly be the mechanism behind reduced reproductive performance during the period of seasonal infertility in sows.
Dilemma in multifocal breast cancer – largest versus aggregate diameter
Authors: Tiong Leong Ung , Parkyn Robert , Walters David , Field John , Lai Christine , Walsh David C. A. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:  Several studies have shown that multifocal breast cancer has higher risks of lymph node metastases compared to unifocal cancer. This has a significant impact on prognosis and treatment options. We investigated whether this was true in our institution.Methods:  This was a retrospective study involving 75 patients with multifocal breast cancer from the year 2000 to 2007. The data recorded were largest, aggregate and extent diameter, and outcomes measured were lymph node metastases, disease recurrence and mortality rate. We randomly selected 77 age‐matched subjects with unifocal cancer from the same time period for comparison.Results:  The average age was 57 and 58 years for the unifocal and multifocal groups, respectively. In the multifocal group, there were 54.6% ductal, 26.7% lobular and 17.3% mixed/other cancers. The unifocal group consisted of 84.4% ductal, 6.5% lobular and 9.1% mixed/other cancers. In the multifocal group, largest diameter was available for 74 patients averaging 22.1 mm. The average diameter in unifocal cancer was 18.4 mm. Fifty‐two per cent of the multifocal subjects had positive lymph nodes compared with 36% in the unifocal group.Conclusion:  Our data showed that multifocality was associated with a higher rate of lymph node metastases. This might indicate that multifocal breast cancer reflected a heavier disease burden than unifocal cancer and should be treated more aggressively.
Lymph node yield following colorectal cancer surgery
Authors: Field Kathryn , Platell Cameron , Rieger Nicholas , Skinner Iain , Wattchow David , Jones Ian , Chen Frank , Kosmider Suzanne , Wohlers Tony , Hibbert Marienne , Gibbs Peter 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:  Lymph node yield (LNY) is a measure of quality of care and a strong prognostic factor for outcome from colorectal cancer (CRC). The main aims of this study were to determine LNY across multiple Australian centres and the clinico‐pathologic factors that influence yield.Methods:  Analysis of data from prospective CRC databases at 11 Australian centres between January 1988 and May 2008 was undertaken utilizing the linkage and analysis resources of BioGrid Australia. The LNY depending on different clinico‐pathologic patient characteristics was evaluated.Results:  In total, 10 082 cases (54.1% men, 45.9% women) were identified. Median LNY was 12 (range 0–174). LNY increased significantly (P < 0.001) over time, from a mean of 8.5 in 1988 to 13 in 2008. LNY also varied significantly between surgical centres. Female gender, younger age, right‐sided disease, higher T and N stage, specific operation types and absence of preoperative radiotherapy were all significantly associated with higher LNY.Conclusions:  While varying across centres, the median LNYs in Australia are acceptable and have improved significantly over recent years. Multiple clinico‐pathologic factors significantly influence the number of nodes retrieved.
Intraperitoneal local anaesthetic in abdominal surgery – a systematic review
Authors: Kahokehr Arman , Sammour Tarik , Soop Mattias , Hill Andrew G. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground: The use of intraperitoneal local anaesthetic (IPLA) can be used to modulate visceral nociception after abdominal surgery; however, this technique is not routinely used in open abdominal surgery. The aim of this systematic review was to appraise the clinical effects of IPLA in open abdominal surgery for metachronous outcomes including pain, metabolic response to surgery and gastrointestinal function.Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted independently without language restriction. Relevant meeting abstracts and reference lists were manually searched. Data analysis was performed using Review Manager Version 5.0 software. Post‐operative clinical and metabolic outcomes of randomized controlled trials comparing IPLA versus no IPLA or placebo solution were used for meta‐analysis.Results: Twelve trials were identified including eight randomized trials in gastrointestinal and gynaecological surgery. Post‐operative pain was reduced but not opioid use. There was blunting of postoperative hyperglycaemia. There was no difference in post‐operative cortisol response. Return of bowel function appeared to be quickened, although meta‐analysis was not possible.Conclusion: The use of IPLA is safe and appears to have clinical benefits. However this technique has not been studied in optimized perioperative settings. Trials are needed to evaluate this method of visceral blockade further after major abdominal surgery.
Timing and detection of metachronous colorectal cancer
Authors: Hollington Paul , Tiong Leong , Young Graeme 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:  Surveillance following surgery for colorectal cancer aims to detect treatable disease relapse or metachronous neoplasia. Metachronous cancers have been reported within a short duration of follow‐up, and may be due to missed lesions, seeding into polypectomy wounds or accelerated tumorigenesis related to genetic instability. The purpose of this study was to establish the timing and method of detection of metachronous cancers in a large population of patients in a surveillance database.Methods:  This retrospective clinical study used patients with an elevated risk of colorectal neoplasia included in a colonoscopy‐based surveillance programme to identify those with two or more colorectal cancers, as well as the timing and method of detection of the tumours. Colonoscopy reports and histopathology results were reviewed to determine quality of bowel preparation, tumour location, and polypectomy data.Results:  Fourteen (2.5%) of 569 patients with colorectal cancer developed metachronous malignant tumours, nearly half of which were identified within 3 years of follow‐up by surveillance colonoscopy or an interval faecal immunochemical test for globin. None of these had a previous polypectomy at the site of the second tumour, bowel preparation at the original colonoscopy was good in most cases, and no metachronous tumour occurred at a colonic flexure.Conclusion:  Metachronous cancers can occur early during follow‐up after curative intent resection, and early colonoscopic surveillance may be warranted.
Chest pain before and after laparoscopic cardiomyotomy for achalasia
Authors: Wuller Carolyn , Bessell Justin R. , Watson David I. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackground:  Laparoscopic cardiomyotomy usually achieves a good outcome for patients with achalasia. However, some patients continue to experience chest pain after surgery, even when symptoms such as dysphagia have resolved. In this study, we quantified chest pain and the impact of myotomy on this symptom.Methods:  In 108 patients who underwent laparoscopic cardiomyotomy, chest pain was assessed before and after surgery. A standardized questionnaire evaluated chest pain, other symptoms including odynophagia, dysphagia and regurgitation, and overall satisfaction with the outcome of surgery.Results:  The proportion of patients reporting chest pain was similar across all age groups and genders before and after surgery. Sixty‐five (60.2%) patients reported some chest pain after surgery. Of these, 47 (72.3%) also reported dysphagia, 9 (13.8%) odynophagia and 23 (35.4%) acid regurgitation (62.3%, 11.6% and 21.7% before surgery). Following surgery, there was a significant reduction in the frequency of chest pain (daily chest pain declined from 26.9% to 5.6%).Conclusions:  Chest pain is common before and after cardiomyotomy for achalasia, and it is frequently associated with dysphagia. Whilst it is less problematic after surgery, it persists in many patients. This information should be provided to individuals considering surgery for achalasia.