bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
etnografía y su articulación con enfoque intercultural en tiempo de pandemia
Authors: Navarro Martínez Sergio Iván , Galán López Felipe Javier 
Published: June 2024

En los últimos años la etnografía, que había sido casi exclusiva de la antropología, ha sido apropiada por distintas disciplinas académicas derivando en propuestas de investigación renovadoras. En este escrito reflexionamos sobre el proceder metodológico de la etnografía a partir del análisis de dos hechos entrelazados: 1) la implementación de políticas educativas interculturales a través de la vinculación comunitaria desde universidades con enfoque intercultural, y 2) el tiempo de pandemia que la humanidad ha experimentado a partir de los primeros meses del año 2020 y que se extendió hasta mayo de 2023. El propósito del artículo es revisar el uso práctico de la etnografía en enfoques educativos interculturales que priorizan la vinculación comunitaria como una apuesta metodológica para la comprensión de los procesos socioculturales en tiempo de pandemia; para ello, presentamos el caso de un proyecto de vinculación en la Universidad Intercultural del estado de Puebla (UIEP).
Palabras clave: Etnografía, Interculturalidad, Covid-19, Vinculación comunitaria, Historia
bienestar de la infancia, política pública y acción social en La Piedad, Michoacán
Authors: Téllez Valencia Carlos , Mejía Guadarrama Leticia , García Martínez Adriana 
Published: June 2024

En este artículo se aborda el bienestar de la infancia como muestra de cómo actúan la familia, la administración pública y la sociedad civil en la atención de los menores, y se retoma una vía para la resignificación de la infancia como portador de derechos. Particularmente, se indaga el estado del bienestar de la infancia en La Piedad, Michoacán, México, según lo perciben los propios menores; se revisa el marco normativo previsto paran salvaguardar sus derechos y se explora algunas iniciativas sociales en torno a la atención infantil. Si podemos adelantar una conclusión, diremos que el bienestar infantil es y será una meta permanente por realizar, en la que es necesaria la acción pública integral, entre la familia, la escuela, la sociedad civil, el gobierno y los infantes, y que mientras se trabaja en esto, bien se puede persuadir a todos estos actores acerca de la infancia como un agente de derechos y de la importancia de educarnos para aceptar este hecho.
Palabras clave: Infancia, Bienestar de la infancia, Felicidad, Política gubernamental
Review of public safety in the Covid-19 era
Authors: García Lirios Cruz 
Published: June 2024

Public security, as the central axis of the state and citizen agenda, has been approached from different angles from which phases of analysis have been established; rule of law, crime prevention, administration of justice, prosecution and social rehabilitation without considering civil participation beyond the complaints or demonstrations. The objective of this work was to review the civil participatory structure to establish the different types of self-government, government, and co-government among the interested parties. The theoretical, conceptual, and empirical frameworks around the systematization of data for the assembly of research folders are discussed.
Toxic Effects of Lead Chloride (PbCl2) on Behavioral, Hematological, and Serum Biochemical Parameters in Labeo rohita
Authors: Batool Moazama , Naz Saima , Chatha Ahmad Manan Mustafa , Ain Qurat Ul , Irshad Asma , Mahmood Mamoona , Aziz Asma , Abbas Ghulam , Yasmin Fatima 
Published: June 2024

Background. Lead (Pb) is an extremely toxic metal in aqueous environments. Fish are highly susceptible to the lethal effects of lead exposure since it induces toxicity in fish, with oxidative stress causing neurotoxicity. Moreover, lead affects immune responses in exposed fish. This study aimed to determine the numerous lethal effects of lead exposure, comprising oxidative stress, immune responses, and neurotoxicity. It also aimed to identify its indicators to assess the degree of lead toxicity.
Method. Freshwater fish Labeo rohita, (number of fish = 60), with body weight (70–120 g), were divided into one control and three experimental groups namely T1, T2, and T3 (0.44mg/l, 0.89mg/l, and 1.34 mg/l), randomly. For comparative analysis of changes in hematological and biochemical parameters, samples were collected on 7th, 14th, and 21st day.
Results. There was a significant increment in WBC. While, RBCs count, hemoglobin (Hb), and hematocrit were significantly decreased in treated groups as compared to the control group. The mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MHC) and the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) indicated a non-significant reduction in lead treated groups as compared to the control. On the other hand, serum biochemical parameters comprising total proteins (TP), albumin, and globulin reduced significantly (p<0.05). Simultaneously, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), cholesterol, and glucose significantly (p < 0.05) increased in the treated groups compared to control.
Conclusion. The study showed that lead chloride exposure can adversely alternate hematological and biochemical parameters in Labeo rohita, even in minor concentrations
Effects of different intrusion patterns during anterior teeth retraction using clear aligners in extraction cases: an iterative finite element analysis
Authors: Zhang Yiyan , Wang Kaixin , Li Mengyu , Liu Cuiyu , Tang Li , Wan Chunyan , Fan Cunhui , Liu Yang 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundOvertreatment design of clear aligner treatment (CAT) in extraction cases is currently primarily based on the clinical experience of orthodontists and is not supported by robust evidence on the underlying biomechanics. This study aimed to investigate the biomechanical effects of overtreatment strategies involving different maxillary anterior teeth intrusion patterns during anterior teeth retraction by CAT in extraction cases.Materials and methodsA finite element model of the maxillary dentition with the first premolar extracted was constructed. A loading method of clear aligners (CAs) based on the initial state field was proposed. The iterative method was used to simulate the long-term orthodontic tooth movement under the mechanical load exerted by the CAs. Three groups of CAs were utilized for anterior teeth retraction (G0: control group; G1: incisors intrusion group; G2: anterior teeth intrusion group). Tooth displacement and occlusal plane rotation tendency were analyzed.ResultsIn G0, CAT caused lingual tipping and extrusion of the incisors, distal tipping and extrusion of the canines, mesial tipping, and intrusion of the posterior teeth. In G1, the incisors showed minimal extrusion, whereas the canines showed increased extrusion and distal tipping tendency. G2 showed the smallest degree of posterior occlusal plane angle rotation, while the inclination tendency of the canines and second premolars decreased.Conclusion1. In CAT, tooth displacement tendency may change with increased wear time. 2. During anterior teeth retraction, the incisor intrusion pattern can provide effective vertical control for the lateral incisors but has little effect on the central incisors. Anterior teeth intrusion patterns can alleviate the inclination of canines and second premolars, resulting in partial relief of the roller-coaster effect.
The urinary microbiota composition and functionality of calcium oxalate stone formers
Authors: Xie Jing , Zhang Xue-qi , Guo Ji-nan , Yuan Qian , Xiao Ke-feng , Yuan Ye-qing 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAccumulated evidences indicate that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota is associated with kidney stone formation. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the urinary microbiota composition and functionality of patients with calcium oxalate stones and compare it with those of healthy individuals.MethodWe collected bladder urine samples from 68 adult patients with calcium oxalate stones and 54 age-matched healthy controls by transurethral catheterization. 16S rRNA gene and shotgun sequencing were utilized to characterize the urinary microbiota and functionality associated with calcium oxalate stones.ResultsAfter further exclusion, a total of 100 subjects was finally included and analyzed. The diversity of the urinary microbiota in calcium oxalate stone patients was not significantly different from that of healthy controls. However, the urinary microbiota structure of calcium oxalate stone formers significantly differed from that of healthy controls (PERMANOVA, r = 0.026, P = 0.019). Differential representation of bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacterium) and several enriched functional pathways (e.g., threonine biosynthesis) were identified in the urine of calcium oxalate stone patients.ConclusionOur results showed significantly different urinary microbiota structure and several enriched functional pathways in calcium oxalate stone patients, which provide new insight into the pathogenesis of calcium oxalate stones.
Low estimated glomerular filtration rate and high body mass index are risk factors for acute kidney injury in systemic lupus erythematosus patients after cardiac surgery
Authors: Zhang Xue , Wang Chunrong , Tian Yajie , Zhang Yuelun , Miao Qi , Wu Di , Yu Chunhua 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) is common following cardiac surgery, especially among patients characterized with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but studies on this clinical scenario have been limited by the rarity of SLE. We aimed to explore the risk predictors and outcomes with regards to postoperative AKI among cardiac-surgical patients concomitant with SLE.MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective study performed in a tertiary hospital. Adult patients diagnosed with SLE who underwent cardiac surgery within the last 22 years were enrolled. Essential variables, including patient-, surgery- and anesthesia-related information, were collected from the medical record system. The definition of AKI was derived from the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria. Risk predictors suspected to be linked with post-surgical AKI were calculated using the univariable and multivariable analyses.ResultsOf all 59 SLE patients undergoing cardiac surgery, 57 were ultimately enrolled into the analysis. AKI occurred in 29 patients (50.9%), who had significantly longer extubation time (median difference 1.0 day, P &lt; 0.001), ICU length of stay (median difference 2.0 days, P = 0.001), postoperative length of stay (median difference 5.0 days, P = 0.026), and more postoperative major complications (odds ratio 10.29, P = 0.025) than the others. Preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt; 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 (odds ratio 5.31, P = 0.021) and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m2 (odds ratio 4.32, P = 0.043) were the only two factors in the multivariable analysis that were significantly correlated with the development of postoperative AKI in patients with SLE after cardiac surgery.ConclusionAKI in SLE patients after cardiac surgery is common and requires scrutiny, especially in overweight patients with moderate to severe preoperative renal dysfunction.
Application of non-destructive testing methods for assessing fracture resistance in dental ceramics: the sound harvesting test
Authors: Haddad Camille , Gebran Jean , El Zoghbi Amine 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionEvaluating the fracture resistance of dental ceramics such as monolithic zirconia crowns is crucial for assessing their durability. Conventional destructive laboratory tests often fail to accurately evaluate the timing and failing crack formation of these brittle materials. Non-destructive testing methods, such as acoustic emission testing (AET), offers an alternative by providing valuable data on material properties without causing damage to the samples.The in vitro study aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of a sound harvesting modified acoustic emission testing by comparing the fracture resistance of posterior monolithic zirconia crowns (MZCs) measured via the modified set up with that of a conventional fracture toughness test.Material and methodsA modified acoustic emission set up, the sound harvesting test (SHT), featuring a condenser microphone, an amplifier, a custom audio chipset and a cut-off switch integrated into a universal testing machine, was compared to a conventional fracture toughness test to measure fracture loads on 50 posterior monolithic zirconia crowns divided in two groups.ResultsThe sound harvesting test recorded a mean fracture load of 1,108.99 N, significantly less than the 1,292.52 N measured with the conventional test, indicating a more sensitive detection of fractures. Statistically significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were observed between the two groups.ConclusionDespite its limitations, the study suggests considering sound harvesting testing as an potential alternative for fracture load testing of dental brittle materials due to its ability to identify failures at lower loads enhancing therefore a more accurate evaluation of the behavior of dental materials. However, further testing on a broader range of dental materials is warranted to improve result accuracy and applicability.
Based on systematic druggable genome-wide Mendelian randomization identifies therapeutic targets for diabetes
Authors: Li Hu , Li Wei , Li Dongyang , Yuan Lijuan , Xu Yucheng , Su Pengtao , Wu Liqiang , Zhang Zhiqiang 
Published: June 2024

PurposeDiabetes and its complications cause a heavy burden of disease worldwide. In recent years, Mendelian randomization (MR) has been widely used to discover the pathogenesis and epidemiology of diseases, as well as to discover new therapeutic targets. Therefore, based on systematic “druggable” genomics, we aim to identify new therapeutic targets for diabetes and analyze its pathophysiological mechanisms to promote its new therapeutic strategies.Material and methodWe used double sample MR to integrate the identified druggable genomics to evaluate the causal effect of quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) expressed by druggable genes in blood on type 1 and 2 diabetes (T1DM and T2DM). Repeat the study using different data sources on diabetes and its complications to verify the identified genes. Not only that, we also use Bayesian co-localization analysis to evaluate the posterior probabilities of different causal variations, shared causal variations, and co-localization probabilities to examine the possibility of genetic confounding. Finally, using diabetes markers with available genome-wide association studies data, we evaluated the causal relationship between established diabetes markers to explore possible mechanisms.ResultOverall, a total of 4,477 unique druggable genes have been gathered. After filtering using methods such as Bonferroni significance (P&lt;1.90e-05), the MR Steiger directionality test, Bayesian co-localization analysis, and validation with different datasets, Finally, 7 potential druggable genes that may affect the results of T1DM and 7 potential druggable genes that may affect the results of T2DM were identified. Reverse MR suggests that C4B may play a bidirectional role in the pathogenesis of T1DM, and none of the other 13 target genes have a reverse causal relationship. And the 7 target genes in T2DM may each affect the biomarkers of T2DM to mediate the pathogenesis of T2DM.ConclusionThis study provides genetic evidence supporting the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting seven druggable genes, namely MAP3K13, KCNJ11, REG4, KIF11, CCNE2, PEAK1, and NRBP1, for T2DM treatment. Similarly, targeting seven druggable genes, namely ERBB3, C4B, CD69, PTPN22, IL27, ATP2A1, and LT-β, has The potential therapeutic benefits of T1DM treatment. This will provide new ideas for the treatment of diabetes and also help to determine the priority of drug development for diabetes.
Retrospective evaluation of “Rods and Rings” pattern detected in the anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test
Authors: İnal Neşe , Kurumanastırlı Berke , Taşkınoğlu Tutku , Duran Alev Çetin , Togay Alper , Sarıgüzel Fatma Mutlu , Kaşifoğlu Nilgün , Soylu Mehmet , Doğan Yavuz , Us Ebru , Sarıbaş Zeynep , Kaklıkkaya Neşe , Şener Burçin 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionAnti-rods and rings (anti-RR) antibodies have recently been described as a cytoplasmic pattern in IIF-based screening of autoantibodies on HEp-2 cells and ICAP has named it as AC-23. It is most frequently related to drug-induced antibody generation. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of AC-23 positivity and its relevance to the diagnosis and/or follow-up of the associated diseases and/or drug use.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study was conducted among 10 hospitals from six different provinces in Türkiye from January 2017 to December 2021. The laboratory data and clinical information of 600 patients with positive anti-RR antibodies out of 547.558 HEp-2 IIF ANA samples were analyzed.ResultsThe distribution of AC-23 positive patients by year indicated a steady increase between 2017-2021. Anti-RR prevalence in post-COVID-19 period was significantly higher than that of pre-COVID-19 period (p=0.00). Concomitant ANA positivity was detected in 56.5% of patients, the most common patterns being AC-4 and AC-5 (41.1%). The most frequent pathology among the anti-RR positive patients was an autoimmune disease (19.83%); 28.57% of which had rheumatoid arthritis and 17.65% autoimmune liver disease. Among the 600 patients, 65 (10.83%) were diagnosed as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Available data for 38 of the HCV patients revealed that 71.05% of them had a history of interferon alfa+ribavirin and 28.95% of them had a history of NS3/4/5A/5B polymerase inhibitor or protease inhibitor drug use. Significant increase in the rate of anti-RR positivity was observed in the post-COVID-19 period when compared to pre-COVID-19 period (p:0.00).DiscussionThis is the first multicenter study in Türkiye about the clinical association of anti-RR antibodies which may be ignored during routine HEp-2 IIF testing. Pathologies other than HCV should be taken into consideration in terms of the possible role of anti-RR in autoimmune diseases and other pathologies. The preliminary data obtained in this study suggest that anti-RR antibody development might also be associated to COVID-19, supporting the several previous data related to the potential of viruses triggering the formation of autoantibodies. Large-scale prospective studies should elucidate the clinical significance of RR pattern and determine its role in patient diagnosis and follow-up.
Coordinated expansion of memory T follicular helper and B cells mediates spontaneous clearance of HCV reinfection
Authors: Eisa Mohamed , Gomez-Escobar Elsa , Bédard Nathalie , Abdeltawab Nourtan F. , Flores Nicol , Mazouz Sabrina , Fieffé-Bédard Alizée , Sakayan Patrick , Gridley John , Abdel-Hakeem Mohamed S. , Bruneau Julie , Grakoui Arash , Shoukry Naglaa H. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionFollicular helper T cells are essential for helping in the maturation of B cells and the production of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) during primary viral infections. However, their role during recall responses is unclear. Here, we used hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection in humans as a model to study the recall collaborative interaction between circulating CD4 T follicular helper cells (cTfh) and memory B cells (MBCs) leading to the generation of NAbs.MethodsWe evaluated this interaction longitudinally in subjects who have spontaneously resolved primary HCV infection during a subsequent reinfection episode that resulted in either another spontaneous resolution (SR/SR, n = 14) or chronic infection (SR/CI, n = 8).ResultsBoth groups exhibited virus-specific memory T cells that expanded upon reinfection. However, early expansion of activated cTfh (CD4+CXCR5+PD-1+ICOS+FoxP3−) occurred in SR/SR only. The frequency of activated cTfh negatively correlated with time post-infection. Concomitantly, NAbs and HCV-specific MBCs (CD19+CD27+IgM−E2-Tet+) peaked during the early acute phase in SR/SR but not in SR/CI. Finally, the frequency of the activated cTfh1 (CXCR3+CCR6−) subset correlated with the neutralization breadth and potency of NAbs.ConclusionThese results underscore a key role for early activation of cTfh1 cells in helping antigen-specific B cells to produce NAbs that mediate the clearance of HCV reinfection.
Additional PD-1 inhibitor improves complete response to induction chemotherapy in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yu Yi-Feng , Lu Guan-Zhong , Wang Run-Jie , Song Yu-Kun , Wu San-Gang 
Published: June 2024

PurposeTo investigate the treatment response and toxicity of the combination of induction chemotherapy (IC) and PD-1 inhibitor in locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LANPC).MethodsPatients with stage III–IVA NPC who received IC or IC + PD-1 inhibitor were included. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.ResultsA total of 225 patients were identified, including 193 (85.8%) and 32 (14.2%) who received IC alone and IC + PD-1 inhibitor, respectively. The addition of PD-1 inhibitor to IC significantly improved the tumor response than those treated with IC alone. The complete response (CR), partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease rates of 4.7% vs. 31.3%, 69.4% vs. 62.5%, 24.9% vs. 6.3%, and 1.0% vs. 0% in patients receiving IC alone and IC + PD-1 inhibitor, respectively (P&lt;0.001). The results of the multivariate logistic regression showed that receiving PD-1 inhibitor was an independent predictor influencing the CR rate of patients (odds ratio 9.814, P&lt;0.001). The most common toxicity by using IC and PD-1 inhibitor was hematological toxicity. In terms of non-hematological toxicity, 7 (21.9%) patients experienced thyroid dysfunction and all of them were hyperthyroidism. No grade 5 toxicities were found. In those who received IC and PD-1 inhibitor, the one-year locoregional recurrence-free survival, distant metastasis-free survival, disease-free survival, and overall survival were 100%, 96.9%, 96.9%, and 100%, respectively.ConclusionThe addition of PD-1 inhibitor to IC has promise as an effective treatment approach for LANPC. More studies are expected to provide further insights into the optimal use of this treatment strategy, paving the way for more personalized and effective treatment options for patients with LANPC.