bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Muscle Spindles in the Submentalis Muscle of the Marine Toad, Bufo marinus and Its Potential Proprioceptive Capacity in Jaw–Tongue Coordination
Authors: Mandal Rakesh , Anderson Curtis W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe muscle spindle has been well studied in mammals, birds, and some reptiles, but little is known about its structure and function in amphibians. Several physiological and behavioral studies in frogs and toads suggest that the submentalis muscle has an important role in jaw–tongue coordination during feeding through sensory feedback mechanisms. Evidence suggests this mechanism is generated through muscle spindles, or spindle‐like structures. However, the presence of these has not been investigated. Using charged fluorescent molecules that are taken up by endocytosis at activated synapses, numerous muscle spindles were identified in the submentalis muscle of the marine toad, Bufo marinus. These were further verified with brightfield and differential interference contrast microscopy. The results provide anatomical evidence for muscle spindles in the submentalis muscle and suggest a mechanism for the submentalis muscle's role in jaw–tongue coordination in B. marinus. Anat Rec 293:1568–1573, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reversed Enantiopreference of an ω‐Transaminase by a Single‐Point Mutation
Authors: Svedendahl Maria , Branneby Cecilia , Lindberg Lina , Berglund Per 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAltering the characteristics of an active‐site loop in an (S)‐selective ω‐transaminase from Arthrobacter citreus (variant CNB05‐01) influences the enantioselectivity. This active‐site loop belongs to the second subunit of the dimeric enzyme structure that participates in the coordination of pyridoxal‐5′‐phosphate (PLP) in the so called “phosphate group binding cup”. Three amino acid residues (E326, V328, and Y331) in this loop are selected by homology modeling for site‐directed mutagenesis aiming to increase the enzyme enantioselectivity for 4‐fluorophenylacetone. By combining these mutations, five enzyme variants are created. The performance of these variants is explored using a model system consisting of isopropylamine and 4‐fluorophenylacetone or 4‐nitroacetophenone in asymmetric synthesis using a whole‐cell system approach. Three of the five variants show increased enantioselectivity for 4‐fluorophenylacetone compared to CNB05‐01. Variant CNB05‐01/Y331C increases the enantioselectivity from 98 % ee to over 99.5 % ee. A single‐point mutation, V328A, turn the (S)‐selective ω‐transaminase into an (R)‐selective enzyme. This switch in enantioselectivity is substrate dependent, exhibiting (R) selectivity for 4‐fluorophenylacetone and retaining (S) selectivity for 4‐nitroacetophenone. The shift in enantiopreference is further confirmed by molecular docking simulations. Homology modeling is shown to be a powerful tool to target important amino acid residues in this enzyme in order to improve enantioselectivity by rational design.
Industrielle Perspektiven von Biopolymeren
Authors: Yamamoto M. , Schneller A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIm Rahmen der gegenwärtigen Diskussionen über Klimaerwärmung und entsprechende Gegenmaßnahmen lässt sich auch ein zunehmendes Interesse an biobasierten und bioabbaubaren Kunststoffen feststellen. Dabei sind diese Auseinandersetzungen oft geprägt von Pauschalisierungen und Vorurteilen. Für eine sachliche Bewertung der Chancen dieser zum Teil neuen Stoffklassen ist eine differenzierte Betrachtung der jeweiligen Eigenschaftsprofile notwendig. Diese beinhaltet neben einer Definition von Biopolymeren eine klare Unterscheidung zwischen bioabbaubaren Polymeren und biobasierten Polymeren.
Removal of Congo Red from Aqueous Solution by Sorption on Organified Rectorite
Authors: Liu Yi , Wang Wenbo , Wang Aiqin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBatch sorption technique was carried out for the removal of anionic dye Congo red (CR) from aqueous solution using raw rectorite (R‐REC) and organified rectorite (CTA+‐REC) modified by cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as adsorbents. The effects of organification degree of CTA+‐REC as well as the process parameters including the pH of dye solution, sorption time, and initial dye concentration on adsorption capacity for CR were investigated and the sorption kinetics was also evaluated. The results showed that the sorption behaviors of R‐REC and CTA+‐REC for CR followed pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model and the sorption equilibrium data perfectly obeyed the Langmuir isotherm. The thermodynamic parameters including entropy of sorption (ΔS0), enthalpy of sorption (ΔH0), and Gibbs free energy of sorption (ΔG0) were obtained and analyzed. Fourier transform infrared study revealed that a chemisorption process occurred between CR and CTA+‐REC. REC modified by cationic surfactants showed the higher adsorption capacities for CR compared to R‐REC and in theory would be used as an efficient and promising adsorbent for the removal of anionic dyes in wastewater treatment.
Separation and Preconcentration of Cobalt Using a New Schiff Base Derivative on Amberlite XAD‐7
Authors: Ciftci Harun 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this study, a new solid‐phase extraction procedure has been developed for preconcentration and determination of Co ions in different water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Cobalt was preconcentrated as N,N′‐bis(pyridine‐2‐yl‐methyl)benzene‐1,4‐diamine (Co‐BPMBDA) from sample solutions using a column containing Amberlite XAD‐7 and was determined. In order to achieve the best performance for the method, effects of several parameters such as pH, concentrations of ligand, sample flow rate, eluent, and matrix ions on the method efficiency were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the preconcentration factor was found to be 200 for 1000 mL waters samples. Detection limit based on the 3Sb criterion was calculated as 0.24 µg/L for 100 mL of sample solution and relative standard deviation was found to be 1.8%. The method was applied to determine the trace amounts of cobalt in water samples.
Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, and Insight into the Mode of Action of Re(CO)3 Thymidine Complexes
Authors: Bartholomä Mark D. , Vortherms Anthony R. , Hillier Shawn , Ploier Birgit , Joyal John , Babich John , Doyle Robert P. , Zubieta Jon 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNucleoside analogues are extensively used in the treatment of cancer and viral diseases. The antiproliferative properties of organorhenium(I) complexes, however, have been scarcely explored to date. Herein we present the syntheses, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of ReI(CO)3 core complexes of thymidine and uridine. For the binding of the ReI(CO)3 core, a tridentate dipicolylamine metal chelate was introduced at positions C5′, C2′, N3, and C5 with spacers of various lengths. The corresponding organometallic thymidine complexes were fully characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Their cytotoxicity was assessed against the A549 lung carcinoma cell line. Toxicity is dependent on the site and mode of conjugation as well as on the nature and the length of the tether. Moderate toxicity was observed for conjugates carrying the rhenium moiety at position C5′ or N3 (IC50=124–160 μM). No toxicity was observed for complexes modified at C2′ or C5. Complex 53, with a dodecylene spacer at C5′, exhibits remarkable toxicity and is more potent than cisplatin, with an IC50 value of 6.0 μM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the antiproliferative properties of [M(CO)3]+1–nucleoside conjugates. In competitive inhibition experiments with A549 cell lysates and purified recombinant human thymidine kinase 1 (hTK‐1), enzyme inhibition was observed for complexes modified at either N3 or C5′, but our results suggest that the toxicity cannot be attributed solely to interaction with hTK‐1.
A Cdh1HA knock‐in allele rescues the Cdh1−/− phenotype but shows essential Cdh1 function during placentation
Authors: Stemmler Marc P. , Bedzhov Ivan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe specific roles of classical cadherins at key morphogenetic events during development are still not fully understood. As part of a project to study cadherin function during early mammalian development, we generated mice carrying an HA‐epitope tagged Cdh1 (E‐cadherin) cDNA knocked into the Cdh1 locus, similar to the previously described mouse mutants in which we forced Cdh2 (N‐cadherin) expression in the Cdh1 expression domain. As expected and in contrast to Cdh1Cdh2/Cdh2 and Cdh1−/−, our Cdh1HA/HA mutant embryos form proper trophectoderm, implant and undergo both gastrulation and neurulation. However, Cdh1HA/HA mice display an unexpected phenotype at embryonic day 10.5. Cdh1HA/HA embryos are smaller, paler and suffer from an insufficient nutrient supply. We detected a reduced expression of Cdh1HA specifically in the extraembryonic ectoderm and in the labyrinth layer, whereas expression in the embryo proper was normal. With this approach, we show for the first time that Cdh1 is essential for the correct formation of the placenta. Placentas without Cdh1 expression are impaired and incapable of establishing a proper connection between the embryonic and the maternal blood vessels for efficient nutrient and oxygen transport. Developmental Dynamics 239:2330–2344, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of change in the time of charging voltage on spark discharge from a metal disk
Authors: Tomita Hajime 
Published: July 2010

AbstractElectrostatic discharge (ESD) is a source of electromagnetic disturbance. For an ESD immunity test, IEC 61000‐4‐2 is standardized. In the standard, the air discharge and contact discharge method are described for the application of ESD to equipment under test. Air discharge, which is most common in the field, is a more severe test than contact discharge. Air discharge is dependent on the humidity, the speed of approach to grounded material, the structure of the ESD generator, and so on. An ESD event while charged material approaches grounded material has a more significant effect on electronic equipment than an ESD event from stationary charged material with the same charge potential. This peculiar phenomenon is considered because the rise time becomes faster and the peak spark current becomes larger, but is not well understood for reasons such as the difficulty of reproducibility. To promote an understanding of the spark discharge that occurs while a charged material is approaching a grounded material, the effect of change in the time of the charging voltage on the spark discharge from a stationary metal disk was measured. The experiment showed that the spark voltage and peak spark current increased with a change in the time of the charging voltage, and that the amplitude of the spark current spectra also increased with a change in the time of the charging voltage. The experimental results are considered in terms of the sparking resistance formula, and can be explained qualitatively in terms of the increase of spark voltage. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(3): 1–9, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20991
Development of a positive creeping discharge along an aerial insulated wire
Authors: Nishi Toshiyuki , Hanaoka Ryoichi , Takata Shinzo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn high‐voltage aerial distribution systems, the insulated cables are supported by the binding wire with the post insulator at the utility pole. When a lightning strike occurs in the neighborhood of the insulated cable in an aerial power distribution system, inductive lightning surges invade the central line of the cable. Then, creeping discharges develop along the cable surface from the binding wire tip at the same time as flashover of the post insulator at a supporting point of the cable. If the cable insulator has weak points such as pinholes, a malfunction near the cable supporting point may occur, with melting of the wire due to punch‐through breakdown. To prevent such accidents, it is important to clarify the mechanism of the creeping discharge along the insulated cable caused by the lightning strike. The polarity of creeping discharges depends on the polarity of the inductive lightning surges, and the extension length and aspect of the discharge differ greatly depending on the discharge polarity. The development of these creeping discharges is attributed to complicated behavior of the positive and negative electric charges.In the present study, we examined in detail the development of a positive creeping discharge along a wire surface by using a high‐speed image converter camera. This paper describes the mechanism of development of a positive creeping discharge based on the experimental results. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(3): 20–29, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20997
A fused system of sensing and communication with hetero‐core spliced fiber optic sensors
Authors: Shinomiya Norihiko , Sasaki Hiroyuki , Nishiyama Michiko , Kondo Emiko , Ito Yuko , Watanabe Kazuhiro 
Published: July 2010

AbstractWe have developed an optical fiber network combining communication and sensing using a hetero‐core spliced fiber optic sensor inserted into an existing communication line. The measurement uses the Internet infrastructure effectively, and the sensitivity characteristic by wavelength of the measurement was examined. In addition, six binary switch modules and one displacement sensor module using the hetero‐core spliced fiber optic sensor were inserted into an actual communication line, and the influence on the communication was examined. The hetero‐core spliced fiber optic sensor showed the characteristic of loss only. When the sensor is inserted into the communication line, if the loss can be controlled to within tolerance to the wavelength of 1.31 μm of the communication line, a measurement function can be added to the communication line by a comparatively simple construction method. In addition, we realized a multiple binary switch measurement in real‐time basis with tandem connection by simple addressing algorithm. The binary switches can be applied to a home security system to monitor the state of doors opening and closing. We have successfully fabricated and demonstrated the binary switch sensing system in tandem connection consisting of three binary switches using the proposed method. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(3): 40–48, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ eej.21021
A new method for estimating initial rotor phase of self‐excited hybrid‐field synchronous motors
Authors: Shinnaka Shinji , Yashiro Yuta 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes a new method for properly estimating the rotor initial phase (i.e., the position) of the newly emerging self‐excited hybrid‐field synchronous motors (SelE‐HFSMs), which have the rotor held by both a permanent magnet and a diode‐shorted held winding. The proposed method injects a spatially rotating high‐frequency voltage and detects the rotor phase directly by evaluating the norm of the associated current. The method is very simple, but has a high degree of usability. 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 173(3): 49–58, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience. wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21027
Reconstituted Enzymes on Electropolymerizable FAD‐Modified Metallic Nanoparticles: Functional Units for the Assembly of Effectively “Wired” Enzyme Electrodes
Authors: Yehezkeli Omer , Ovits Oded , Tel‐Vered Ran , Raichlin Sara , Willner Itamar 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAu nanoparticles are functionalized with thioaniline electropolymerizable units and mercaptophenyl boronic acid ligands. Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is linked to the boronic acid ligands and apo‐glucose oxidase, apo‐GOx, is reconstituted on the FAD cofactor units to yield enzymes in a structurally‐aligned configuration in respect to the Au NPs. Electropolymerization of the enzyme‐functionalized Au NPs on a thioaniline‐modified Au electrode yields a three‐dimensional bis‐aniline‐crosslinked Au NPs/reconstituted glucose oxidase matrix on the electrode that reveals effective electrical contacting with the electrode.
Chemotherapy and targeted therapy in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck: A review
Authors: Papaspyrou Giorgos , Hoch Stephan , Rinaldo Alessandra , Rodrigo Juan P. , Takes Robert P. , van Herpen Carla , Werner Jochen A. , Ferlito Alfio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an uncommon tumor usually arising in the head and neck region, mainly in the salivary glands. It demonstrates an indolent prolonged course and is characterized by perineural invasion. Primary treatment of local and locoregional disease consists mainly of surgery and/or irradiation. During follow‐up these patients frequently develop local recurrences and distant metastases, especially in the lung, although long‐term survival is possible. The role of chemotherapy in ACC is limited, and studies with only a limited number of patients are performed. In this article we review the literature on chemotherapy regimens, including monotherapy and combination chemotherapy schedules, as well as the new targeted therapies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Functional and psychological evaluation after flap reconstruction plus radiotherapy in oral cancer
Authors: Airoldi Mario , Garzaro Massimiliano , Raimondo Luca , Pecorari Giancarlo , Giordano Carlo , Varetto Antonella , Caldera Paola , Torta Riccardo 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundHead and neck tumors and their treatments negatively affect speech, swallowing, body image, and quality of life (QOL). The purpose of this study was to allow us to evaluate the impact of flap reconstructive surgery with adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) on QOL and psychological functioning.MethodsThirty‐six of 153 consecutive patients surgically treated for carcinoma of the oral cavity received adjuvant RT. Late effects of RT and psycho‐oncological assessment were performed.ResultsIn more than 50% of the cases examined, moderate to severe late toxicity was observed, regarding subcutaneous tissues, salivary function, dysphagia, and taste impairment. Patients with severe dysphagia showed higher levels of depression and anxiety (p < .05). Dysphagia and taste impairment were seen to be associated with lower global health and QOL. The Draw a Person Test (DAP) showed severe problems in self‐perceived body image in 33% of the sample.ConclusionDysphagia and taste impairment are associated with QOL and depression; our data suggest a different evaluation between self‐reported and clinician‐rating scales. DAP is a provocative tool that merits further research. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Anatomic distribution of cervical lymph node spread in parotid carcinoma
Authors: Chisholm Edward J. , Elmiyeh Behrad , Dwivedi Raghav C. , Fisher Cyril , Thway Khin , Kerawala Cyrus , Clarke Peter M. , Rhys‐Evans Peter H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe pattern of distribution of cervical nodal involvement from primary parotid carcinomas has not been extensively described.MethodsAll cases of parotid carcinoma over a 10‐year period treated at our institution were reviewed. Data from the patients with cervical metastases were analyzed. These findings were pooled with previously published data on topography of cervical lymph nodes from parotid carcinomas.ResultsOf 80 cases, 15 had cervical metastases (N+) in our series. When pooled with the data from all other reports, a total of 66 N+ cases were available for analysis. Twenty‐eight percent of cases had involvement of level I, 59% had level II, 52% had level III, 38% had level IV, and 41% had level V. There were frequent skip metastases to level V but all were ipsilateral.ConclusionThe diffuse distribution of cervical nodal metastases does not support a high echelon neck dissection or radiotherapy fields limited to the upper chain in the management of cervical nodal disease. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Surgical salvage of the oropharynx after failure of organ‐sparing therapy
Authors: Nichols Anthony C. , Kneuertz Peter J. , Deschler Daniel G. , Lin Derrick T. , Emerick Kevin S. , Clark John R. , Busse Paul W. , Rocco James W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of salvage surgery for local recurrences of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) and identify predictors of survival.MethodsThe authors reviewed 264 patients with OPSCC treated with radiation or chemoradiation identified retrospectively. Of the 77 patients that experienced recurrences, 37 had local or local and regional recurrences and were considered for salvage surgery.ResultsOf the 37 patients with local or local and regional recurrence, 5 had unresectable disease whereas 3 refused surgery. The remainder underwent salvage surgery with 2‐year and 5‐year survival rates of 64.5% and 43.4%, respectively. A history of alcohol abuse and positive surgical margins were the only predictors of poorer overall survival (p < .05) after salvage surgery.ConclusionSurgical salvage of locoregional recurrences can be effective if wide resections are performed so that negative margins can be achieved. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011
Combined therapy for thyroid squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: De Vos Filip Yves F. L. , Sewnaik Aniel , de Wilt J. Hans W. , Smid Ernst J. , den Bakker Michael A. , van Meerten Esther 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBackground.Squamous carcinoma of the thyroid is a rare aggressive disease, resulting in poor prognosis.Methods and Results.We combined cisplatin with paclitaxel on a weekly basis as induction therapy, achieving a high cumulative dose, in a patient with squamous cell tumor of the thyroid with arterial encasement. After surgery, pathologic examination confirmed a complete resection of the primary tumor with clear margins, revealing a successful induction treatment with chemotherapy.Conclusions.Our patient now has a recurrence‐free survival of >20 months, longer than the mean survival described in the literature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Prevalence and management of hypertension in the inpatient setting: A systematic review
Authors: Axon R. Neal , Cousineau Laura , Egan Brent M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Hypertension (HTN) is a major cardiovascular risk factor yet control rates remain suboptimal. Thus, improving recognition, treatment, and control of HTN by focusing on novel populations such as hospitalized patients is warranted. Current consensus guidelines do not address inpatient HTN, and little is known about HTN prevalence or patterns of care in this setting.METHODS:We conducted a systematic review of English‐language studies published in 1976 or later that reported on HTN prevalence and care patterns among adult inpatients. We included MEDLINE‐indexed randomized‐controlled trials, meta‐analyses, and observational studies that: (1) reported estimates of the prevalence of HTN in the inpatient setting, and (2) used HTN diagnosis or treatment as a primary focus. We excluded randomized, controlled trials that recorded measures of inpatient blood pressure but whose focus was not HTN.RESULTS:We identified 9 studies meeting inclusion criteria, and in those studies, HTN was highly prevalent among inpatients, ranging from 50.5% to 72%. Intensification of antihypertensive treatment was inconsistent, and 37% to 77% of hypertensive patients remained hypertensive at the time of discharge. Most patients with inpatient HTN continued to have elevated blood pressures at outpatient follow‐up.CONCLUSIONS:Inpatient HTN is prevalent and a large percentage of those with this condition remain hypertensive at the time of discharge and at follow‐up. The potential exists for improved recognition and treatment of newly diagnosed and known, but uncontrolled, HTN observed in the inpatient setting. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2011. © 2010 Society of Hospital Medicine.