bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Smartphone applications for facial scanning: A technical and scoping review
Authors: Jindanil Thanatchaporn , Xu Lianyi , Fontenele Rocharles Cavalcante , Perula Maria Cadenas de Llano , Jacobs Reinhilde 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionFacial scanning through smartphone scanning applications (SSA) is increasingly being used for medical applications as cost‐effective, chairside method. However, clinical validation is lacking. This review aims to address: (1) Which SSA could perform facial scanning? (2) Which SSA can be clinically used? (3) Which SSA have been reported and scientifically validated for medical applications?MethodsTechnical search for SSA designed for face or object scanning was conducted on Google, Apple App Store, and Google Play Store from August 2022 to December 2023. Literature search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, IEEE Xplore, ACM Digital Library, Clinicaltrials.gov, ICTRP (WHO) and preprints up to 2023. Eligibility criteria included English‐written scientific articles incorporating at least one SSA for clinical purposes. SSA selection and data extraction were executed by one reviewer, validated by second, with third reviewer being consulted for discordances.ResultsSixty‐three applications designed for three‐dimensional object scanning were retrieved, with 52 currently offering facial scanning capabilities. Fifty‐six scientific articles, comprising two case reports, 16 proof‐of‐concepts and 38 experimental studies were analysed. Thirteen applications (123D Catch, 3D Creator, Bellus 3D Dental Pro, Bellus 3D Face app, Bellus 3D Face Maker, Capture, Heges, Metascan, Polycam, Scandy Pro, Scaniverse, Tap tap tap and Trnio) were reported in literature for digital workflow integration, comparison or proof‐of‐concept studies.ConclusionFifty‐two SSA can perform facial scanning currently and can be used clinically, offering cost‐effectiveness, portability and user‐friendliness. Although clinical validation is crucial, only 13 SSA were scientifically validated, underlying awareness of potential pitfalls and limitations.
Transformative Experience
Authors: Villiger Daniel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSince its publication in 2014, L. A. Paul's book Transformative Experience has sparked many discussions in philosophy and beyond. Her main argument is that experiences we have not had before can transform us epistemically (i.e., we learn something we could not learn without the experience) and personally (i.e., our point of view changes radically). This has implications for decision theory in particular, but also for other fields. The present paper provides an overview of how transformative experiences are thought to challenge rational choice and how authors have responded to this challenge (with a focus on the epistemic transformation). Furthermore, it also shows how the concept of transformative experience has been fruitful beyond the decision‐theoretical context, with a particular focus on illness, medical treatment, and the ethical issues involved. Finally, the paper presents open questions in the literature on transformative experiences.
“It definitely changed me”: Exploring sexual and gender diverse people's experiences with intimate partner violence in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Drouillard Kyle J. , Foster Angel M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionIntimate partner violence (IPV) involves an individual committing acts intended to harm or intimidate a current or former romantic partner. The COVID‐19 pandemic and subsequent stay‐at‐home orders often trapped victims with perpetrators and intensified IPV. Although sexual and gender diverse people disproportionately experience IPV compared to cisgender, heterosexual people, their experiences are not well documented in the Canadian context. This study aimed to explore the experiences of Two‐Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and other sexual and gender diverse (2S/LGBTQIA+) people with IPV in Ontario and how the COVID‐19 pandemic affected their IPV experiences.MethodsWe conducted in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with self‐identified 2S/LGBTQIA+ people who experienced IPV on/after March 15, 2020. We audio‐recorded and transcribed all interviews and coded the transcripts for content and themes using inductive and deductive techniques.ResultsOur 20 participants experienced physical, psychological, sexual, and financial abuse. Technology‐facilitated violence extended abuse geographically and temporally. IPV experiences were associated with negative mental health outcomes that were intensified by the COVID‐19 pandemic. Participants struggled to see themselves as legitimate victims of IPV. Although participants regretted being victims of violence, many saw their abusive relationship(s) as a learning experience to inform future relationships.DiscussionOur findings suggest that 2S/LGBTQIA+ people may experience unique forms of identity abuse and may have difficulty recognizing their IPV experiences as abuse. Ensuring that comprehensive sexual health education is trauma‐informed, anti‐oppressive, and includes information about healthy relationship dynamics, 2S/LGBTQIA+ relationships, and IPV is critical.
The impact of international sanctions on income mobility: Evidence from Iran
Authors: Oryoie Ali Reza 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article studies the impact of international economic sanctions on income mobility at the Macro level. A series of economic sanctions were imposed on Iran during 2008–2015 and lifted to some extent in 2015. Using some pseudo‐panel datasets, constructed based on 18 household surveys during 2001–2018, we investigate the impact of sanctions on four income mobility measures: directional income movement, positional movement, time dependence, and mobility as an equalizer of longer‐term incomes. The results show that in the sense of directional income mobility, the sanctions are followed by welfare losses for all income groups, with richer groups experiencing larger losses than poorer ones. The rich face income declines that are larger compared to those experienced by the poor, and this causes: first, richer (poorer) groups to face a higher probability of moving downward (upward) in relative terms, thus we see an increase in positional income mobility (and also time dependence) with the sanctions; and second, an increase in mobility in the sense of equalizer of longer‐term incomes. We get the opposite results with the removal of sanctions.
A typical point bar with atypical strata in the McMurray Formation, Alberta, Canada: Floods, tides and high suspended sediment concentrations
Authors: Fustic Milovan , Plink‐Björklund Piret , Shchepetkina Alina , Strobl Rudy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStratigraphic positions and the nature of some breccias and mudstones observed in the Lower Cretaceous McMurray Formation type section (Alberta, Canada) challenge the existing fluvial point bar facies models. The currently applied large‐scale, tidally influenced, sandy bedload facies model suggests that point bars fine upward, where breccias and cross‐strata occur at the base of the succession and mud content increases upward. Instead, this study documents that: (i) mudstone clast breccias are not exclusively associated with basal channel‐lag deposits and can occur throughout the point bar; and (ii) stratified mudstones are not limited to the top of the fining‐upward succession and can occur at or near the channel base. This outcrop data, including lithology, sedimentary structures, trace fossils, bed thickness and boundaries, and the nature of stratal packages, further suggests dynamic interplay between fluvial and tidal processes. This article discusses the potential role of high‐magnitude river floods in temporarily elevated suspended sediment concentrations and highlights that fluid mud processes played a crucial role in mud deposition in both tide‐influenced and fluvial parts of the system. Fluid mud processes allowed mud deposition along the channel base and across the point bar accretion surfaces. The breccias predominantly consist of broken pieces of inclined heterolithic strata and mostly occur on accretion sets of point bars, suggesting erosion and collapse of the point bar rather than of the cutbank. This work introduces a novel perspective to the existing models of point bar sedimentation, offering a new end member and concepts for the interpretation of subsurface data. The authors hope that this research encourages further investigations into similar phenomena elsewhere in the world.
One more inconvenient modal truth
Authors: He Chaoan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDivers argued that there are modal truths that are inconvenient for the canonical Lewisian theory of modality. Noonan and Jago proposed an answer to the challenge, by invoking a duplicate interpretation of the modal truths. Here, I present a slightly different kind of modal truth that would prove inconvenient even for a Lewisian who accepts Noonan and Jago's proposal.
Extracellular vesicles derived from stored red blood cell suspensions enhance invasion and migration of lung cancer cells by miR1246 and miR150‐3p
Authors: Cheng Zhanrui , Kong Yujie , Xu Haixia , Xiao Ling , Tian Li , Liu Zhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAged red blood cell (RBC) transfusions in lung cancer patients are often related to cancer recurrence and shorter lifespans. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) accumulated in stored RBC suspensions may be one of the important influential factors. This study aims to investigate how EVs derived from RBC suspensions affect the progress of lung cancer through the most enriched microRNAs (miRNAs) previously reported in our research.Study Design and MethodsEVs derived from stored RBC suspensions in Weeks 1, 3 and 5 were harvested via ultracentrifugation. Lung adenocarcinoma H1975 cells were co‐cultured with EVs and transfected with miR1246 and miR150‐3p mimics to evaluate alterations in their proliferation, invasion and migration abilities in vitro. Proteomics and bioinformatics were performed to predict the signalling pathway related to invasion and migration of H1975, which were verified by western blotting (WB) and flow cytometry.ResultsEVs derived from stored RBC suspensions in Weeks 3 and 5 could significantly enhance the invasion and migration ability of H1975 cells and also increase the expression of miR1246 and miR150‐3p. After transfection with miR1246 and miR150‐3p mimics, invasion, migration and proliferation of H1975 cells were obviously enhanced. Proteomics analysis demonstrated that EVs co‐cultivation and miRNA transfection groups were both enriched in cell adhesion molecules. WB and cytometry indicated that integrin beta‐1 (ITGB1) and Rap1b were increased.ConclusionsEVs derived from stored RBC suspensions can enhance invasion and migration ability of lung cancer cells via the most accumulated miR1246 and miR150‐3p, which may increase the expression of ITGB1 through Rap1 signalling pathway.
Criteria for storage of cord blood units at Japan's largest cord blood bank
Authors: Watanabe‐Okochi Naoko , Odajima Takeshi , Ito Miyuki , Yamada Naoya , Shinozaki Manami , Minemoto Mutsuko , Ishimaru Fumihiko , Muroi Kazuo , Takanashi Minoko 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn Japan, cord blood transplantations exceed those done with adult‐sourced unrelated stem cells. This study analyses cord blood (CB) storage criteria to maintain high‐quality CB units.Materials and MethodsThe Kanto‐Koshinetsu Cord Blood Bank received 29,795 units from 2014 to 2021, mostly >60 mL, and 5486 (18.4%) were stored as transplantable units. We investigated the mother's gestational period, CB volume, total nucleated cells (TNCs), CD34+ cells, total colony‐forming units (CFUs), time from collection to reception and cryopreservation, cell viability, and the reasons for not storing a unit.ResultsThe average time from collection to reception of 29,795 units was 18.0 h. The most common reason for not storing a CB unit was low cell numbers (pre‐processing TNC count <1.2 billion), accounting for 67.9% of the units received. There was no correlation between the CB volume and the CD34+ cell count. The shorter the gestational period, the lower the TNC count, but the higher the CD34+ cell count. There was no correlation between the time from collection to cryopreservation, within a 36‐h time limit, and the CD34+ cell recovery rate.ConclusionWe could accept units with a TNC count <1.2 billion and a CB volume <60 mL from a gestational period of 38 weeks or less if we did a pre‐processing CD34+ cell count. This would secure more units rich in CD34+ cells.
Enhancing prosthesis stability at the cricoid cartilage in equine laryngoplasty using 3‐D‐printed laryngeal clamps: An ex vivo model study
Authors: Grzeskowiak Remigiusz , Schumacher Jim , Omidi Omid , Bowers Kristin , Cassone Lynne M. C. , Abedi Reza , Hespel Adrien‐Maxence , Mulon Pierre‐Yves , Anderson David E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo assess a three‐dimensional (3‐D)‐printed laryngeal clamp (LC) designed to enhance the anchoring of laryngeal prostheses at the cricoid cartilage.Study designEx vivo biomechanical study.Sample populationA total of 22 equine larynges.MethodsTwo experimental groups included larynges with standard prosthetic laryngoplasty (PL; n = 10) and larynges with prosthetic laryngoplasty modified with laryngeal clamps (PLLC; n = 10). All constructs underwent 3000 cycles of tension loading and a single tension to failure. Recorded biomechanical parameters included maximum load, actuator displacement, and construct failure. Finite element analysis (FEA) was performed on one PL and one PLLC construct.ResultsThe maximum load at single tension to failure was 183.7 ± 46.8 N for the PL construct and 292.7 ± 82.3 N for the PLLC construct (p = .003). Actuator displacement at 30 N was 1.7 ± 0.5 mm and 2.7 ± 0.7 mm for the PL and PLLC constructs, respectively (p = .011). The cause of PL constructs failure was mostly tearing through the cartilage whereas the PLLC constructs failed through fracture of the cricoid cartilage (p = .000). FEA revealed an 11‐fold reduction in the maximum equivalent plastic strain, a four‐fold reduction in maximum compressive stress, and a two‐fold increase in the volume of engaged cartilage in PLLC constructs.ConclusionThe PLLC constructs demonstrated superior performance in biomechanical testing and FEA compared to standard PL constructs.Clinical significanceThe use of 3‐D‐printed laryngeal clamps may enhance the outcomes of laryngoplasty in horses. In vivo studies are necessary to determine the feasibility of performing laryngoplasty using the laryngeal clamp in horses.
Impact of arthroscopy on post‐procedure intra‐articular elbow injections: A cadaveric study
Authors: Blumhagen Emalee M. , Spector Daniel I. , Fischetti Anthony J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of arthroscopy and injection volume on post‐procedure intra‐articular (IA) injection extravasation.Study designEx vivo prospective study.Sample populationA total of 40 paired canine cadaver forelimbs.MethodsAfter radiographs and computed tomography (CT) scans with three‐dimensional (3D) digital bone model reconstructions, elbows were randomly assigned to the arthroscopy or control group and randomly assigned to receive an IA injection of 2 or 4 mL of contrast. Elbow arthroscopy was performed on assigned specimens, followed by IA injections of contrast in all elbows, and imaging was repeated. 3D digital model volumes were compared. Images were interpreted and scored for extravasation by a radiologist unaware of treatment and volume assignments.ResultsBased on CT images and regardless of treatment group, IA injections of 4 mL resulted in a mean extravasation score of 2.25 (SD 0.97) versus 1.55 (SD 1.05) (p = .02) for 2 mL IA injections. The change in 3D model volumes after IA injections was a mean of 13.2 cm3 (SD 5.85) after 4 mL injections, compared to 6.97 cm3 (SD 6.28) (p = .003) after 2 mL injections. On radiographic evaluation, but not CT, the mean extravasation scores were 2.45 (SD 1.15) for the arthroscopy group and 1.25 (SD 0.79) for the control group (p < .001).ConclusionA larger volume of IA injection resulted in higher CT extravasation scores and larger 3D volumes regardless of arthroscopic treatment.Clinical significanceIA injections performed immediately after arthroscopy resulted in 50% or less extravasation, especially with a smaller IA injection volume.
World Englishes and Cultural Linguistics: Theory and research
Authors: Polzenhagen Frank , Wolf Hans‐Georg , Latić Denisa , Peters Arne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article explores the evolution of Cultural Linguistics, its fusion with Cognitive Linguistics and Cognitive Sociolinguistics, and its application to the study of world Englishes, emphasising the cultural dimension of language and cognition. It investigates key theoretical concepts in Cultural Linguistics such as cultural categories, schemas, conceptualisations, keywords, models and scenarios as essential analytical tools for examining the interplay between thought, language and culture. Using examples from English varieties in sub‐Saharan Africa, Great Britain, Ireland, India and Hong Kong, this article demonstrates how these conceptual phenomena interact at increasing levels of conceptual complexity. The discussion also distinguishes conceptual metaphor (and metonymy) from the somewhat problematic concept of ‘cultural metaphor’, previously used in some cultural‐linguistic approaches to world Englishes. Finally, the article delves into Conceptual Blending Theory as a possible extension of Cultural Linguistics that synthesises diverse cultural knowledge to interpret culture‐specific expressions in contemporary multilingual settings.
α‐Adrenergic regulation of skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Alpenglow Jeremy K. , Bunsawat Kanokwan , Francisco Michael A. , Broxterman Ryan M. , Craig Jesse C. , Iacovelli Jarred J. , Weavil Joshua C. , Harrison Jonathan D. , Morgan David E. , Silverton Natalie A. , Reese Van R. , Ma Christy L. , Ryan John J. , Wray D. Walter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has been characterized by lower blood flow to exercising limbs and lower peak oxygen utilization (), possibly associated with disease‐related changes in sympathetic (α‐adrenergic) signaling. Thus, in seven patients with HFpEF (70 ± 6 years, 3 female/4 male) and seven controls (CON) (66 ± 3 years, 3 female/4 male), we examined changes (%Δ) in leg blood flow (LBF, Doppler ultrasound) and leg to intra‐arterial infusion of phentolamine (PHEN, α‐adrenergic antagonist) or phenylephrine (PE, α1‐adrenergic agonist) at rest and during single‐leg knee‐extension exercise (0, 5 and 10 W). At rest, the PHEN‐induced increase in LBF was not different between groups, but PE‐induced reductions in LBF were lower in HFpEF (−16% ± 4% vs. −26% ± 5%, HFpEF vs. CON; P < 0.05). During exercise, the PHEN‐induced increase in LBF was greater in HFpEF at 10 W (16% ± 8% vs. 8% ± 5%; P < 0.05). PHEN increased leg in HFpEF (10% ± 3%, 11% ± 6%, 15% ± 7% at 0, 5 and 10 W; P < 0.05) but not in controls (−1% ± 9%, −4% ± 2%, −1% ± 5%; P = 0.24). The ‘magnitude of sympatholysis’ (PE‐induced %Δ LBF at rest – PE‐induced %Δ LBF during exercise) was lower in patients with HFpEF (−6% ± 4%, −6% ± 6%, −7% ± 5% vs. −13% ± 6%, −17% ± 5%, −20% ± 5% at 0, 5 and 10 W; P < 0.05) and was positively related to LBF, leg oxygen delivery, leg , and the PHEN‐induced increase in LBF (P < 0.05). Together, these data indicate that excessive α‐adrenergic vasoconstriction restrains blood flow and limits of the exercising leg in patients with HFpEF, and is related to impaired functional sympatholysis in this patient group.
imageKey points
Sympathetic (α‐adrenergic)‐mediated vasoconstriction is exaggerated during exercise in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which may contribute to limitations of blood flow, oxygen delivery and oxygen utilization in the exercising muscle.
The ability to adequately attenuate α1‐adrenergic vasoconstriction (i.e. functional sympatholysis) within the vasculature of the exercising muscle is impaired in patients with HFpEF.
These observations extend our current understanding of HFpEF pathophysiology by implicating excessive α‐adrenergic restraint and impaired functional sympatholysis as important contributors to disease‐related impairments in exercising muscle blood flow and oxygen utilization in these patients.
Function and contribution of two putative
Enterococcus faecalis
glycosaminoglycan degrading enzymes to bacteremia and catheter-associated urinary tract infection
Authors: Johnson Alexandra O. , Shipman Braden M. , Hunt Benjamin C. , Learman Brian S. , Brauer Aimee L. , Zhou Serena P. , Hageman Blair Rachael , De Nisco Nicole J. , Armbruster Chelsie E. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Enterococcus faecalis
is a common cause of healthcare-acquired bloodstream infections and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) in both adults and children. Treatment of
E. faecalis
infection is frequently complicated by multi-drug resistance. Based on protein homology,
E. faecalis
encodes two putative hyaluronidases, EF3023 (HylA) and EF0818 (HylB). In other Gram-positive pathogens, hyaluronidases have been shown to contribute to tissue damage and immune evasion, but the function in
E. faecalis
has yet to be explored. Here, we show that both
hylA
and
hylB
contribute to
E. faecalis
pathogenesis. In a CAUTI model, Δ
hylA
exhibited defects in bladder colonization and dissemination to the bloodstream, and Δ
hylB
exhibited a defect in kidney colonization. Furthermore, a Δ
hylA
Δ
hylB
double mutant exhibited a severe colonization defect in a model of bacteremia while the single mutants colonized to a similar level as the wild-type strain, suggesting potential functional redundancy within the bloodstream. We next examined enzymatic activity, and demonstrate that HylB is capable of digesting both hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate
in vitro
, while HylA exhibits only a very modest activity against heparin. Importantly, HA degradation by HylB provided a modest increase in cell density during the stationary phase and also contributed to dampening of lipopolysaccharide-mediated NF-κB activation. Overall, these data demonstrate that glycosaminoglycan degradation is important for
E. faecalis
pathogenesis in the urinary tract and during bloodstream infection.
Bacterial isolate collection from switchgrass rhizosphere
Authors: Grady Keara L. , Shade Ashley 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

We provide a collection of 78 bacterial isolates from the rhizosphere of switchgrass (
Panicum virgatum L
.) at the Lux Arbor Reserve in Delton, MI, a site of the Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Michigan State University, MI, USA. We include information on isolation conditions and full-length 16S rRNA sequences.