bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Row Spacing and Plant Population for Grain Sorghum in the Humid North1
Authors: Robinson R. G. , Bernat L. A. , Nelson W. W. , Thompson R. L. , Thompson J. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisA linear trend for increased yield occurred as rows narrowed fom 40 to 10 inches. Population had little effect on yield, but panic1,e moisture decreased as population increased. Two components of yield—panicles per acre and seeds per panicle—increased with narrow row spacings whereas the third component—seed weight—decreased.
Zinc Content of Coastal Bermudagrass as Influenced by Frequency and Season of Harvest, Location, and Level of N and Lime1
Authors: Miller W. J. , Adams W. E. , Nussbaumer Rosa , McCreery R. A. , Perkins H. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisZinc content of Coastal bermudagrass grown on a Coastal plain soil was not affected by either frequency or season of harvest. Percentage of zinc in forage grown on a Piedmont soil was decreased by a very high level of lime and increased by high levels of N fertilization. There was an inverse relationship between zinc content of forage and soil pH.
Effects of Fertilizers on the Growth of Grass and Its Use by Deer in the Black Hills of South Dakota1
Authors: Thomas J. R. , Cosper H. R. , Bever W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe application of N fertilizer to grass resulted in an increase in yield and in the percentage of N, P, Ca, and K. Lime additions increased uptake of Ca and N. Deer preferred grass higher in nutritional value.
Copper‐Lime Interactions in Field Experiments with Wheat: Yield and Chemical Composition Data1
Authors: Younts S. E. , Patterson Robert P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCopper concentration in wheat plants was not increased by copper additions to the soil but was lowered when a high organic matter soil was limed above pH 5.1. Manganese concentration was increased by low rates of copper and decreased by high rates. Liming also lowered manganese concentration. Wheat yields were increased by both copper and lime but yield responses to copper were better in the absence than in the presence of lime treatment.
Variations in Protein Levels in Kansas Sorghum Grain1
Authors: Miller G. D. , Deyoe C. W. , Walter T. L. , Smith F. W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisGrain sorghum protein levels were found to vary from 6.6 to 12.8% in 1961 and from 5.9 to 12.1% in 1962. Significant differences were found due to location and hybrids. Fertilization resulted in both increased yields and increased protein level.
Growth, Yield, and Composition of Onion, Barley, and Potato Plants as Affected by Phosphorus and Ammoniacal Nitrogen Fertilization1
Authors: Timm Herman , Riekels Jerald W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisOnion, barley, and potato plant growth was enhanced by P fertilization of a P‐deficient soil under greenhouse conditions. Variable response in growth was found, due to the source of ammoniacal nitrogen, and was in part attributable to anion competition and to the presence and severity of a minor element disorder thereby induced. The existence of anion competition and a species response difference were demonstrated by the lower P, S, and N uptake by plants in the presence of Cl from NH4Cl.
Seed Dormancy in Green Needlegrass1
Authors: Wiesner Loren E. , Kinch R. C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisDormancy was present in seeds harvested at all stages of maturity. The tetrazolium viability test gave an accurate measure of the germination potential of a seed lot. A laboratory germination procedure was developed which induced practically complete germination and equaled tetrazolium readings.
Influence of Soil Moisture on Leaf Color and Foliage Volume of Beans Grown under Greenhouse Conditions1
Authors: Burman R. D. , Painter L. I. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe color of small new bean leaves was observed to change with increasing soil‐moisture tension. The character of the color change was different for various stages of growth and was greatest when the plants were in the seedling stage. Plant growth‐rate as indicated by the measurement of foliage volume of intact plants was depressed as soil‐moisture diminished and leaf color became darker.
Effects of Presoaking, Moisture Tension, and Soil Salinity on the Emergence of Grain Sorghum1
Authors: Lyles Leon , Fanning Carl D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPresoaking increased emergence of RS610 grain sorghum slightly (maximum 26%) where the soil moisture tension exceeded 1/3 atm. and salt concentrations did not exceed 10 mmhos./cm. Critical total soil moisture stress for the variety studied was about 8 atms. Increasing moisture tension and/or soil salinity increased emergence time and decreased total emergence.
Flooding Tolerance of Annual Clovers1
Authors: Hoveland C. S. , Webster H. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisBall and white clovers were the most tolerant of flooding, crimson and arrowleaf were least tolerant, and berseem intermediate. Herbage yields of ball and white clovers flooded 3 days in 10 during a 3‐month period were not different than those on well‐drained soil.
Effect of Nitrogen and Irrigation on Yield and Botanical Composition1 of Western Montana Range1
Authors: Klages M. G. , Ryerson D. E. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisFertilizer and water treatments were applied to native range for three years. During this time both treatments increased yield but did not affect botanical composition. After two dry years, the residual effects of both treatments changed botanical composition, resulting in reduced yield from water and an increase in undesirable species from fertilizer.
Effects of Rates of Seeding and Row Widths on Grain Sorghum Grown Under Dryland Conditions1
Authors: Mann H. O. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSeeding rates in excess of 4 pounds per acre generally reduced grain sorghum yields under dryland conditions in southeastern Colorado. The RS 610 hybrid yielded highest at the 2‐pound seeding rate. Grain yields from 21‐inch and 42‐inch row spacings were not significantly different when the same amount of seed per acre was planted. Plant populations apparently have more effect on yield than do row spacings.
Winter Barley Survival in Chloropicrin‐Treated and N‐Fertilized Soil1
Authors: Price P. B. , Pederson V. D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisWinter survival of Kearny and Chase winter barley on summer‐fallowed field plots was increased by (1) preplant application of chloropicrin and by (2) combined preplant application of chloropicrin and N‐fertilizer. The increase in survival from (2) was greater than from (1). The precise nature of the beneficial effects of these treatments was not determined.
The Growth and Yield of Corn. I. Microclimatic Effects on the Growth Rate1
Authors: Ragland J. L. , Hatfield A. L. , Benoit G. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCorn was planted at 3 dates and grown in a well‐defined environment. The rates of growth, obtained by serial samplings, were correlated with various microclimatic factors. Leaf area increases of irrigated corn were positively correlated with temperature and relative humidity. Ear growth rates were positively correlated with tempertaures, solar radiation, and water evaporation. Throughout the study plant‐to‐plant variability tended to obscure the growth rate‐climate relationships. Methods of minimising this problem are described.
Broadleaved Weed Control in Turf1
Authors: Bingham S. W. , Schmidt R. E. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisDicamba at 1/2 pound per acre gave effective control of white clover, curly dock, and chicory. At 1 pound per acre dicamba was effective for control of dandelion and chickweed in bluegrass lawns. Bentgrass turf was tolerant to 1/2 pound per acre rates while bluegrass was unaffected at 2 pounds per acre. Substituted oleyl amines of 2,4‐D, 2,4,5‐T, and silvex gave comparable control of broadleaved weeds as dimethylamine salt formulations of these herbicides.
Earth Science Curriculum in the High School1
Authors: Foth H. D. , Jacobs H. S. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe Earth Science Curriculum Project was initiated in 1962 by the American Geological Institute and supported by funds from the National Science Foundation. Soil scientists have participated in planning and writing conferences and will have opportunities to serve ESCP, as well as their own profession, by participating in earth science teacher training institutes, teacher certification programs, and graduate education.
Effect of Potassium on Morphology and Lodging of Corn1
Authors: Liebhardt William C. , Murdock John T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisTwo types of lodging, root lodging and stalk breakage, were observed in potassium‐deficient plants. Root lodging resulted from a small brace root system and subsequent breakdown of parenchyma cells in the brace root. Stalk breakage resulted from parenchyma disintegration in the lower portion of the stalk. This breakdown is illustrated by a series of photomicrographs.
Effect of Stand on the Performance of a Prolific and a Nonprolific Double‐Cross Corn (Zea mays L.) Hybrid1
Authors: Crews J. W. , Fleming A. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisYields of ‘Pfister 653W’ (2‐eared) and ‘Tenn. 90’ (1‐eared) hybrids were significantly,lower the 73% stand level than the 100% check. The yields at this level were 85 and 86% of the full‐stand checks. With a significant increase in ear size, plants of the 2‐eared hybrid had a greater increase in yield than plants of the 1‐eared hybrid as space per plant increased.
Effect of Nitrogen and Green Manures on Corn Yield and Properties of a Cecil Soil1
Authors: Giddens Joel , Arsjad Sitanala , Rogers T. H. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisNitrogen applied directly to corn was more effective than applying to rye green manure preceding corn for a 6‐year period. Rye green manure fertilized with nitrogen increased soil organic matter, soil nitrogen, and soil microorganisms including lesion nematodes and improved soil physical properties but did not increase yield.
Tetrazolium Test for Predicting Cold Test Performance of Seed Corn1
Authors: Moore R. P. , Goodsell S. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisTetrazolium staining evaluation of internal seed structures were used successfully (r = 0.96) to predict cold test performance of 92 commercially processed and treated lots of corn. Germination percentages ranged from 89 to 100, and cold test values ranged from 38 to 95%.
Turfgrass Renovation by Deep Aerification1
Authors: Morgan Wayne C. , Letey J. , Stolzy L. H. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisDeep aerification (drilling 1‐inch diameter holes 6 inches deep on 3‐inch centers and backfilling with suitable porous growth medium) increased turf vigor and water intake rate on an established green with compacted soil. Root growth was extensive in holes but very few roots grew in undisturbed compact soil. Oxygen diffusion rates were very low in the compact soil.
Influence of Moisture, Plant Population, and Nitrogen on Dryland Corn in the Northern Plains1
Authors: Alessi J. , Power J. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe effects of total available soil moisture, plant population, and N fertilization upon dryland corn production were studied at 2 locations, over a 6‐year period. Forage and grain yields were highly correlated with total available moisture (soil moisture at planting plus precipitation). Optimum population at each location was 10,000 plants per acre. Applications of N were of little benefit.
Fatty Acid Composition of Seed Oil of Wild Species of Linum1
Authors: Yermanos D. M. , Beard B. H. , Gill K. S. , Anderson M. P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFatty acid composition of seed oil of 34 wild species of flax was determined. The same fatty acids were present in these species as in cultivated flax. Variability in their relative proportions, however, was greater among wild species than among 266 lines of cultivated flax analyzed. In general wild species had a high linolenic acid content. A few species, however, had high linoleic and low linolenic acid content.
Responses of Some Semi‐Dwarf Spring Wheats to Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizer1
Authors: Woodward R. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA breeding program that utilized semi‐dwarfs of Norin 10 origin, was commenced at Logan, Utah, in 1953. The ultimate aim was the production of a short, high‐yielding, disease‐resistant, good milling, hard red spring wheat.Yields of three varieties of hard red spring, semidwarf wheat increased proportionately more than those of three tall, hard red springwheats as a result of applying nitrogen early in the growing season. During a 4‐year study, yield, height, lodging, percent protein, and sedmimentation values were all increased, except in very fertile soil, by the addition of nitrogen. Yield increases were primarily due to the production of more tillers. No increases were evident in the number of kernels per spikelet, per head, or in kernel weight. Added phosphorus gave no significant increase in any measured character. Net dollar returns from semi‐dwarfs were nearly double those from tall, hard red spring wheats when both were fertilized with nitrogen.
Assessing Feed Quality of Fertilized Coastal Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) with Rabbits1
Authors: Adegbola Anthony A. , McKell Cyrus M. , Casady Robert B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe forage quality of Coastal bermudagrass hays from plots fertilized at 0, 100, and 250 pounds N per acre was evaluated using 8‐week‐old rabbits as test animals. The grass hays replaced the 40% alfalfa hay normally incorporated into the control diet.The rabbits fed on fertilized bermudagrass diets were apparently adversely affected by the level of nitrate nitrogen and vitamin A in some of the diets. The results suggest that rabbits may be quite sensitive to high nitrate level and their use in evaluating the supply of metabolisable energy in forage crops or for obtaining data on feed conversion should be carefully examined as such data might lead to wrong interpretation.
Influence of Row Spacing and Nitrogen Levels on Dry Matter Yields of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)
Authors: Williams J. H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractKenaf is a potential annual paper pulp crop. Dry matter yields which are sufficiently high to compete with existing crops in Nebraska are needed. Adaptation and cultural studies were undertaken to determine the levels of productivity that can be expected in Nebraska. Irrigated and nonirrigated studies with different varieties, row spacings, and nitrogen fertilization were studied.Average dry matter yields of kenaf of 3.70 and 6.89 tons per acre were obtained in 5 years of nonirrigated and 2 years of irrigated tests, respectively. In only 2 of the 5 years were kenaf yields sufficiently high under nonirrigation to compete economically with corn or wheat grown under comparable conditions. Average kenaf yields were almost doubled under irrigation but were not considered high enough to compete with corn grown under similar conditions.Kenaf planted at a rate of 15 pounds per acre in rows spaced 14 inches apart gave highest yields in irrigated tests. The data indicate that higher populations (narrower rows or heavier rate within rows) might have yielded more dry matter per acre. Under nonirrigated conditions, yields from 21‐inch rows were highest but were not significantly different from other row spacings tested.Nitrogen applications, up to 150 pounds per acre under irrigation and 100 pounds per acre under nonirrigated conditions, did not significantly increase dry matter yields of kenaf.Kenaf samples harvested from 7‐inch and 28‐inch row spacings (2.0 and 0.8 plants per square foot) received similar compositional ratings for pulping potential.
Response of Grain Sorghum to Seedbed Compaction1
Authors: Dasberg S. , Hillel D. , Arnon I. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractVarious degrees of compaction were carried out prior to and immediately after planting a summer crop of sorghum under conditions of dryland farming. Soil physical properties—bulk density, penetrability, air permeability and surface cracking—were affected appreciably only to a depth of 15 cm. Preplanting compaction significantly reduced seedling emergence and yields. Postplanting treatments increased sorghum stand density and yield significantly.
Relation of Lime and Preemergence Herbicides to Yields of Cotton and Weeds1
Authors: Savage K. E. , Bardsley C. E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe growth of cotton and weeds on Wickham sandy loam was used to evaluate the effectiveness of pre‐emergence herbicides on limed and unlimed soil. Diuron, cotoran, prometryne, and trifluralin were more effective in controlling weeds in limed soil than in unlimed soil, primarily because of weed growth. Although there were no significant differences in weed yields among the different herbicides, as a group they were more consistent in behavior on unlimed soil than on limed soil. The herbicides were responsible for a highly significant increase in the yields of seed cotton over yields obtained with no herbicides. Competition between weeds and cotton for moisture and fertility was largely ruled out in this difference. However, delayed maturity of the cotton indicated that weeds probably affected the air, light, and humidity in the crop. The correlation coefficients for yields of cotton with yields of weeds were −0.91** for unlimed soils and −0.67 for limed soils.
Comparison of Nitrogen Fertilized Grasses with a Grass‐Legume Mixture as Pasture for Dairy Cows I. Dry Matter Production, Carrying Capacity, and Milk Production1
Authors: Clark N. A. , Leslie J. I. , Hemken R. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA study was conducted in 1960, 1961, and 1962 to compare orchardgrass grown under three rates of nitrogen, 100, 200, and 300 pounds per acre; orchardgrass‐ladino clover; and Midland bermudagrass with sod seeded cereal rye, as pasture for lactating dairy cows. The bermudagrass became overmature and unpalatable in 1960, but in 1961 and 1962 the quality was improved through higher nitrogen fertilization, and more severe clipping and grazing practices. Nitrogen applications up to 200 pounds per acre resulted in increased dry matter production over the grass‐clover mixture. Clover in the mixture declined each year. Crude protein and nitrate nitrogen increased with increasing rates of nitrogen fertilization. Management of the bermudagrass greatly affected its protein content. The nitrate levels obtained were not considered to be toxic. Animal carrying capacity followed the pattern of dry matter production. Average per cow milk production was highest on grass‐clover pastures, and the response of cows on the other pastures was quite variable. Milk production dropped drastically on poorly managed bermudagrass, but in 1961 and 1962 production was comparable to that of cows on orchardgrass. The potential yield of milk per acre was higher on pastures where higher stocking rates were possible.
Factors Affecting Measurements of Oxygen Diffusion Rate (ODR) with Bare Platinum Microelectrodes1
Authors: Kristensen K. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe electrical resistance in the soil between the platinum electrode and the reference cell is very high in normal soils. Depending on the salt and water content, values from 5,000 to 20,000 ohms are commonly found. Drainage of the soil tends to increase the resistance, while the potential oxygen diffusion increases. However, the actual oxygen reduction will partly depend on the electrical resistance according to Ohm's law. This is discussed in the present paper and a method is suggested by which the current flow (ODR) can be corrected.
Comparisons of F1 and F2 Grain Sorghums for Yield and Other Agronomic Characteristics1
Authors: Nasr H. G. , Worzella W. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA 2‐year study was conducted under irrigation in Lebanon comparing F1 and F2 grain sorghums.Average grain yields of F2 hybrids were 13.5 and 20.8% less than those of F1 hybrids for the 2 years. Stover yields and test weights, however, were not influenced by planting either F1 or F2 generation seed. Average date of flowering of the F2 sorghum plants was delayed a few days, and the F2 heads were a few grams lighter than F1 heads. In some hybrids the F1 plants were taller and their heads were longer than the F2 plants and heads. However, kernel weights from F2 sorghum plants were heavier than from F1 plants.Less variation was observed between plants in each F1 population than between plants of the corresponding F2 population for the following characteristics of six sorghum hybrids: days to flowering, plant height, head length, head weight, and 100‐kernel weight. The study revealed that F2 grain sorghum hybrids were inferior in yield to F1 hybrids. In addition, the F2 produced plants that varied widely in maturity, height and other agronomic characteristics, which made sorghum harvesting and processing more difficult.
Testing for Drought and Heat Resistance in Kentucky Bluegrass
Authors: Gaskin T. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractStrains of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L) were tested for growth and survival under conditions of high temperature with adequate moisture and under conditions of soil drougth. Several clones (A–31, A–17, and A–21) had both heat and drought resistance, while others (A–34, A–1o, A–18, A–19, and A–36) were superior only in growth under high temperature.
Comparison of Methods for Evaluating the Response of Lawngrass to Irrigation and Nitrogen Treatments1
Authors: Mantell A. , Stanhill G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe growth of a Kikuyu grass lawn on sandy loam soil was studied in a factorial experiment which included five irrigation frequencies (7, 14, 21, 25, and 30 days) and three levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 2.1, and 4.2 kg N/1000 m2/month). Four methods were used in evaluating lawn quality: visual rating, leaf chlorophyll content, light reflection, and plant density. All methods were highly sensitive in detecting changes in the condition of the grass. An increase in either irrigation frequency or nitrogen application improved lawn quality (higher visual rating, lower light reflection, greater chlorophyll content, and higher plant density). The light meter readings indicated regular cycles of color change during the irrigation season. Correlations between all the methods were highly significant. It is suggested that by selecting a desirable lawn rating and determining the equivalent level of reflected light, management practice could be regulated with the use of a photocell. The method is characterized by its simplicity, rapidity, and objectivity.
Effects of Air Movement and Syringing on the Microclimate of Bentgrass Turf1
Authors: Duff D. Thomas , Beard James B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAir movement of 4 mph reduced turf mat temperature a maximum of 13 F compared to that reached when air movement was restricted. A maximum difference of 10 F was observed at a two inch soil depth under the two air movement regimes. Relative humidity 3 inches above the grass was not influenced by air movement at 4 mph.Temperature reduction resulting from syringing with 0.25 inch of water at 12 noon was small in both the mat and at the 2‐inch soil depth. However, syringing prevented temperature from reaching the maximum which would have occurred had no water been applied.