bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences between Goldmann Applanation Tonometry and Dynamic Contour Tonometry in pseudoexfoliation syndrome
Authors: Grammenandi Emilia , Detorakis Efstathios T , Pallikaris Ioannis G , Tsilimbaris Miltiadis K 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:  To evaluate differences between Goldmann Applanation Tonometry (GAT) and Dynamic Controur Tonometry (DCT) in eyes with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX).Methods:  Thirty‐eight patients (38 eyes) with PEX in both eyes (pseudoexfoliative group, PG) as well as 19 patients (19 eyes) without PEX in either eye (control group, CG), were included. All eyes were phakic. GAT, DCT, the central corneal thickness (CCT) and the axial length of the eyeball (AL) were measured and the difference between GAT and DCT (dIOP) was calculated. Differences in dIOP between CG and PG and correlations of dIOP with CCT and AL were examined.Results:  dIOP was significantly (P = 0.02) higher in PG (mean value 3.69 mmHg), compared with CG (mean value 2.15 mmHg). In PG (but not in CG), dIOP was also significantly correlated with AL but not with CCT.Conclusion:  The fact that dIOP was significantly higher in PG than in CG implies that PEX may affect ocular biomechanical properties. The significant association of dIOP with AL but not with CCT is in agreement with previous reports and complies with the fact that pseudoexfoliative material is not deposited in corneal stroma.
Perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis during phaco‐emulsification and intraocular lens implantation: national survey of smaller eye units in England
Authors: Nanavaty Mayank A , Wearne Michael J 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:  To evaluate the commonest routinely used perioperative antibiotic, the preferred route of administration and the choice of antibiotic in ‘penicillin allergy’ by consultant ophthalmic surgeons in England.Methods:  A postal survey was conducted, between December 2008 and April 2009, among consultant ophthalmic surgeons working in smaller National Health Service Ophthalmic departments in England. Smaller units were defined by having a maximum of eight consultant surgeons and tend to be based in district general hospitals. The questionnaires were sent to all consultant ophthalmic surgeons irrespective of special interests. The three questions asked were: (i) Which antibiotic(s) do you use routinely for phaco‐emulsification and intraocular lens implantation? (ii) What is your usual route of administration? and (iii) Which antibiotic(s) do you use when the patient states that they have ‘penicillin allergy’?Results:  The questionnaire was sent to 401 consultant ophthalmic surgeons and 262 consultants (65.34%) replied. Further analysis showed, 44.7% used only intracameral cefuroxime, 31.7% used only subconjunctival cefuroxime, 2.3% used only subconjunctival gentamicin, 6.9% used subconjunctival gentamicin or cefuroxime, 0.4% used subconjunctival cefotaxime, 0.4% used subconjunctival ceftazidime and 0.8% used no antibiotic prophylaxis. One hundred and three (37%) used cefuroxime in patients allergic to penicillin and 47% switched to gentamicin in this situation.Conclusion:  Routine phaco‐emulsification and intraocular lens implantation is the commonest elective surgical procedure undertaken in the National Health Service and yet there is a wide variation in the use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with or without ‘penicillin allergy’ despite The European Society of Cataract and Refractive Surgeons recommendations in 2007. Less than half of the surgeons working in smaller ophthalmic units routinely used intracameral cefuroxime and in ‘penicillin allergy’ only one‐third used cefuroxime. This survey highlights the reluctance of using cefuroxime in patients allergic to penicillin despite evidence to the contrary.
Identification of a novel deletion in the OA1 gene: report of the first Spanish family with X‐linked ocular albinism
Authors: Martinez‐Garcia Monica , Riveiro‐Alvarez Rosa , Villaverde‐Montero Cristina , Cantalapiedra Diego , Garcia‐Sandoval Blanca , Ayuso Carmen , Trujillo‐Tiebas Maria Jose 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground:  This study was undertaken to analyse the OA1 gene (GPR143) and its involvement in a Spanish family presenting with nystagmus, a common symptom of X‐linked ocular albinism (XLOA).Methods:  DNA samples from the index case and eight relatives were analysed by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Sequence analysis and restriction assay were used to confirm the results. In addition, an analysis of a STR located in intron 1 of the OA1 gene (OA‐CA) was performed.Results:  The father of the proband presented with nystagmus, a feature consistent with XLOA. Mutation screening by multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification and sequence analysis of the exon 2 of the OA1 gene led to the identification of the novel p.Glu129fsX35 (g.5815delA) mutation in two affected males and four carrier females. Three relatives were found to be non‐mutated. The deletion detected resulted in a truncated protein 35 codons downstream and generated a new restriction site for the XcmI endonuclease. Additionally, microsatellite analysis showed co‐segregation with the disease in the family.Conclusions:  A novel deletion in the OA1 gene was identified in a Spanish family with ocular albinism. The mutation detected is likely a loss‐of‐function alteration. To the best of our knowledge, we describe the first Spanish family known to present with XLOA due to mutations in the OA1 gene.
Insertion of the levator aponeurosis and Müller's muscle on the tarsus: a cadaveric study in caucasians
Authors: Kakizaki Hirohiko , Madge Simon N , Selva Dinesh 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:  To elucidate the insertion of the levator aponeurosis and Müller's muscle on the upper eyelid of Caucasians through cadaveric study.Methods:  Sagittal full thickness sections of 11 cadaveric upper eyelids in Caucasian (7 right and 4 left; age range, 78–101 years old at death; age average, 87.7 years old) were prepared and stained with Masson's trichrome. The specimens were examined microscopically to discern the configuration of the levator aponeurosis, Müller's muscle and tarsus. Main outcome measures were the position of insertion of the levator aponeurosis and Müller's muscle onto tarsus.Results:  In all 11 specimens, the levator aponeurosis inserted onto the distal tarsal plate, reaching the level of the marginal arterial arcade. The extension of Müller's muscle in 4/11 specimens (36.4%) surpassed the superior margin of the tarsal plates, but did not reach any further down the tarsus than its upper third; in the remaining seven specimens (63.6%), Müller's muscle attached to the superior aspect of the tarsal plate.Conclusions:  This study from Caucasian cadavers suggests that fibres from the levator apponeurosis extends down to the distal portion of upper eyelid tarsus, with majority of Müller's muscle insertion being onto the superior aspect of the tarsal plate.
Non‐native Chinese language learners' attitudes towards online vision‐based motion games
Authors: Hao Yungwei , Hong Jon‐Chao , Jong Jyh‐Tsorng , Hwang Ming‐Yueh , Su Chao‐Ya , Yang Jin‐Shin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLearning to write Chinese characters is often thought to be a very challenging and laborious task. However, new learning tools are being designed that might reduce learners' tedium. This study explores one such tool, an online program in which learners can learn Chinese characters through vision‐based motion games. The learner's gestures are detected by a computer webcam, which sends the message back to the online program, and the corresponding strokes appear on the computer screen. In this way, the learner practises the correct Chinese stroke order by gesturing. For this study, nine non‐native Chinese‐language learners used this program to practise writing characters, and their learning strategies and attitudes towards the online program were observed. Data were collected from two self‐reported surveys and interviews. The results of the study are reported here, and implications for instructional design and future development of the gestural recognition program are discussed.
When cloud computing meets with Semantic Web: A new design for e‐portfolio systems in the social media era
Authors: Kim Paul , Ng Chen Kee , Lim Gloria 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe need, use, benefit and potential of e‐portfolios have been analysed and discussed by a substantial body of researchers in the education community. However, the development and implementation approaches of e‐portfolios to date have faced with various challenges and limitations. This paper presents a new approach of an e‐portfolio system design based on Private–Public (PrPl) data index system, which integrates cloud computing applications and storages with Semantic Web architecture, making semantic web‐based visualisation and advanced intelligent search possible. It also discusses how the distinctive attributes of the PrPl‐based digital asset management system can serve as a large‐scale robust e‐portfolio system that can address issues with scalability, sustainability, adoptability and interoperability. With such a new distinctive design, a large‐scale deployment at a state or national level becomes possible at a very cost‐effective manner and also such large‐scale deployment with intelligent digital asset management and search features create numerous opportunities in education.
tPA treatment for acute ischaemic stroke in patients with leukoaraiosis
Authors: Ariës M. J. H. , Uyttenboogaart M. , Vroomen P. C. , De Keyser J. , Luijckx G. J. 
Published: March 2010

Background and Purpose:  Whether leukoaraiosis on baseline CT is associated with an increased risk of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage (sICH) or poor outcome following tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment for acute ischaemic stroke is still a matter of debate.Objective:  To investigate the relationship between the presence and severity of leukoaraiosis on baseline CT and the risk of sICH and functional outcome after tPA treatment for acute ischaemic stroke.Methods:  A single‐center observational cohort study with a retrospective analysis on consecutive patients with ischaemic stroke treated with tPA in the period 2002–2008. Outcome measures were the occurrence of sICH and functional outcome at 3 months.Results:  Of the 400 patients, 24% had leukoaraiosis on their baseline CT. Eleven patients (11%) with leukoaraiosis versus thirteen (4%) patients without leukoaraiosis had a sICH [odds ratio (OR) 2.85 95%‐CI 1.23–6.60, P = 0.02]. Multivariate analysis showed a non‐significant trend towards an association of leukoaraiosis and sICH (OR 1.9, 95%‐CI 0.78–4.68, P = 0.16). Leukoaraiosis was independently associated with poor functional outcome (OR 2.39, 95%‐CI 1.21–4.72, P = 0.01). No difference was observed in the outcome measures amongst patients with moderate or severe leukoaraiosis.Conclusion:  Our study demonstrates that patients treated with tPA and leukoaraiosis on their baseline CT are at greater risk of sICH and have a worse functional outcome compared to patients without leukoaraiosis. It is important to note that these results should not lead to exclusion of patients with leukoaraiosis for tPA treatment.
Dopamine receptor 3(DRD3) polymorphism and risk for migraine
Authors: García‐Martín E. , Martínez C. , Serrador M. , Alonso‐Navarro H. , Navacerrada F. , Agúndez J. A. G. , Jiménez‐Jiménez F. J. 
Published: March 2010

Background/objectives:  Dopamine has been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine. We investigated the possible association between the polymorphism 312G>A (rs6280) in the DRD3 gene(essential tremor 1‐ETM1‐ locus, chromosome 3q13) and the risk for migraine and for triggering migraine attacks by alcohol.Methods:  We studied the frequency of the DRD3 genotypes and allelic variants in 197 patients with migraine and 282 healthy controls using a polymerase chain reaction and MlsI‐restriction fragment length polymorphisms method.Results:  The frequencies of the DRD3 genotypes and DRD3Gly9 were similar in patients with migraine and controls and were unrelated to the age of onset of migraine, gender, family history of migraine and triggering of migraine attacks by alcohol. The frequency of the genotype DRD3Gly9Gly9 was significantly higher in patients with migraine with aura when compared with patients with migraine without aura, but not with controls.Conclusion:  DRD3 genotype and allelic variants were not related to the risk for migraine in Caucasian Spanish people.
The Cultural Production of Locality: Reclaiming the ‘European City’ in Post‐Wall Berlin
Authors: MOLNAR VIRAG 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBerlin's post‐1989 rebuilding is used to explore the role of cultural professionals, exemplified by architects and urban planners, in the production of locality. Drawing on an analysis of architectural debates, competitions and building projects, the article traces how the model of the ‘European city’ became the dominant paradigm of urban reconstruction in the 1990s and what precisely was understood by the term ‘European city’. In so doing, the analysis demonstrates how the contentious notion of ‘tradition’ was mobilized as the main localizing strategy in response to intense internationalization. It shows how locality came to be constructed in contrast to other spatial‐cultural units (e.g. the ‘American city’) and to particular historical layers of the city (e.g. that of the socialist era). The intense controversies over Berlin's rebuilding lucidly illustrate how the ‘global’ and the ‘local’ are symbolically constructed by actors as relational categories, where the very categories are not fixed but multilayered, value‐laden, historicized, contested, repeatedly redefined and restructured.Résumé La reconstruction du Berlin de l’après‐1989 sert ici à explorer le rôle des milieux culturels, illustrés par les architectes et urbanistes, dans la production de localité. À partir d’une analyse des débats, concours en architecture et projets de construction, l’article établit comment le modèle de ‘ville européenne’ est devenu le paradigme dominant de la reconstruction urbaine dans les années 1990, et ce que l’expression ‘ville européenne’ représentait exactement. En parallèle, l’analyse montre comment la notion contestée de ‘tradition’ a été mobilisée en tant que stratégie principale de localisation en réaction à une intense internationalisation. L’article expose comment la localité a fini par être conçue par opposition à d’autres entités spatio‐culturelles (comme la ‘ville américaine’) et à certaines strates historiques de la ville (comme celle de l’ère socialiste). Les vives controverses à propos de la reconstruction de Berlin illustrent clairement comment les acteurs élaborent, sur le plan symbolique, le ‘global’ et le ‘local’ en tant que catégories relationnelles, ces catégories elles‐mêmes n’étant pas figées mais composées de plusieurs strates, chargées de valeurs, historicisées, contestées, sans cesse redéfinies et restructurées.
Impact of national traumatic events on consumer purchasing
Authors: Dube Leon F. , Black Gregory S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to evaluate differences in consumer perception before and after national traumatic events such as the terrorist attacks that took place on 11 September 2001. The authors found a significant difference in consumer ethnocentrism, patriotism, time management, attitude towards regulation of business and product quality following the terrorist attacks. These differences impact consumer purchase decision processes and become important to businesses that are targeting these consumers with their product offerings. In addition, marketing managers' understanding of change in consumer perceptions and attitude should impact how consumer products are marketed.
A look inside: teacher information search for personal finance instruction
Authors: Loibl Cäzilia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDrawing on the information search perspective of the consumer behaviour literature, this study assesses the predictors of teacher information search. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, the case of personal finance instruction is examined. Findings suggest three levels of involvement in information search among personal finance teachers. Participation in continuing education courses, combined with a heightened interest in personal finance, were the strongest predictors of a high‐information strategy. The findings speak to the usefulness of continued teacher training that is sensitive to information acquisition behaviour.
Regulation of Fas receptor/Fas‐asssociated protein with death domain apoptotic complex and associated signalling systems by cannabinoid receptors in the mouse brain
Authors: Álvaro‐Bartolomé M , Esteban S , García‐Gutiérrez MS , Manzanares J , Valverde O , García‐Sevilla JA 
Published: March 2010

Background and purpose: Natural and synthetic cannabinoids (CBs) induce deleterious or beneficial actions on neuronal survival. The Fas‐associated protein with death domain (FADD) promotes apoptosis, and its phosphorylated form (p‐FADD) mediates non‐apoptotic actions. The regulation of Fas/FADD, mitochondrial apoptotic proteins and other pathways by CB receptors was investigated in the mouse brain.Experimental approach: Wild‐type, CB1and CB2receptor knock‐out (KO) mice were used to assess differences in receptor genotypes. CD1 mice were used to evaluate the effects of CB drugs on canonical apoptotic pathways and associated signalling systems. Target proteins were quantified by Western blot analysis.Key results: In brain regions of CB1receptor KO mice, Fas/FADD was reduced, but p‐Ser191 FADD and the p‐FADD/FADD ratio were increased. In CB2receptor KO mice, Fas/FADD was increased, but the p‐FADD/FADD ratio was not modified. In mutant mice, cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose)‐polymerase (PARP) did not indicate alterations in brain cell death. In CD1 mice, acute WIN55212‐2 (CB1receptor agonist), but not JWH133 (CB2receptor agonist), inversely modulated brain FADD and p‐FADD. Chronic WIN55212‐2 induced FADD down‐regulation and p‐FADD up‐regulation. Acute and chronic WIN55212‐2 did not alter mitochondrial proteins or PARP cleavage. Acute, but not chronic, WIN55212‐2 stimulated activation of anti‐apoptotic (ERK, Akt) and pro‐apoptotic (JNK, p38 kinase) pathways.Conclusions and implications: CB1receptors appear to exert a modest tonic activation of Fas/FADD complexes in brain. However, chronic CB1receptor stimulation decreased pro‐apoptotic FADD and increased non‐apoptotic p‐FADD. The multifunctional protein FADD could participate in the mechanisms of neuroprotection induced by CBs.This article is part of a themed issue on Cannabinoids. To view the editorial for this themed issue visithttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476‐5381.2010.00831.x
Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase‐1 contributes to ischaemic excitotoxicity through prostaglandin E2 EP3 receptors
Authors: Ikeda‐Matsuo Y , Tanji H , Ota A , Hirayama Y , Uematsu S , Akira S , Sasaki Y 
Published: March 2010

Background and purpose:  Although microsomal prostaglandin E synthase (mPGES)‐1 is known to contribute to stroke injury, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examines the hypothesis that EP3 receptors contribute to stroke injury as downstream effectors of mPGES‐1 neurotoxicity through Rho kinase activation.Experimental approach:  We used a glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity model in cultured rat and mouse hippocampal slices and a mouse middle cerebral artery occlusion–reperfusion model. Effects of an EP3 receptor antagonist on neuronal damage in mPGES‐1 knockout (KO) mice was compared with that in wild‐type (WT) mice.Key results:  In cultures of rat hippocampal slices, the mRNAs of EP1–4 receptors were constitutively expressed and only the EP3 receptor antagonist ONO‐AE3‐240 attenuated and only the EP3 receptor agonist ONO‐AE‐248 augmented glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity in CA1 neurons. Hippocampal slices from mPGES‐1 KO mice showed less excitotoxicity than those from WT mice and the EP3 receptor antagonist did not attenuate the excitotoxicity. In transient focal ischaemia models, injection (i.p.) of an EP3 antagonist reduced infarction, oedema and neurological dysfunction in WT mice, but not in mPGES‐1 KO mice, which showed less injury than WT mice. EP3 receptor agonist‐induced augmentation of excitotoxicity in vitro was ameliorated by the Rho kinase inhibitor Y‐27632 and Pertussis toxin. The Rho kinase inhibitor HA‐1077 also ameliorated stroke injury in vivo.Conclusion and implications:  Activity of mPGES‐1 exacerbated stroke injury through EP3 receptors and activation of Rho kinase and/or Gi. Thus, mPGES‐1 and EP3 receptors may be valuable therapeutic targets for treatment of human stroke.This article is commented on by Andreasson, pp. 844–846 of this issue. To view this commentary visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476‐5381.2010.00715.x
Long‐Term Evolution of Chronic Daily Headache With Medication Overuse in the General Population
Authors: Fontanillas Noelia , Colás Rafael , Muñoz Pedro , Oterino Agustín , Pascual Julio 
Published: March 2010

(Headache 2010;50:981‐988)Objective.— To investigate long‐term efficiency of an intervention protocol for chronic daily headache with medication overuse (CDHwMO) in the general population.Methods.— The 72 subjects meeting CDHwMO criteria coming from an epidemiological study in the general population (Neurology 2004; 62: 1338‐42) were offered follow‐up and treatment for 1 year and then discharged to their general practitioner with treatment recommendations. Four years later, they were interviewed again. They filled in a diary for 1 month and the SF‐12 test.Results.— After 1 year, 46 (64%) did not fulfill MO criteria while 26 (36%) did. After 4 years, 68 subjects were contacted. Of those, 38 (58%) did not have CDHwMO, while 30 (44%) still had MO. Among those 38 subjects without MO criteria, 6 still met CDH criteria. Remission at year 1 was a significant predictor for sustained remission at year 4. Age, gender, civil status, socioeconomic situation, and CDH type were not different in the group with MO vs those without MO. Consumption of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and/or triptans was significantly higher in subjects without CDH and MO, while the use of ergotics and/or opioids was significantly higher in those patients who still met CDHwMO criteria. Quality of life (QoL) was significantly better at 4 years for the whole group.Conclusions.— After 4 years, almost 60% of subjects did not fulfill CDHwMO criteria and their QoL was also improved. This justifies public health interventions that should include recommendations on a judicious use of symptomatic medications together with an early use of preventatives.
A Retrospective Review of the Sleep Characteristics in Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia
Authors: Spitzer A. Robert , Broadman Melissa 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study characterizes findings on sleep testing and Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) markers in a group of patients with fibromyalgia (FM) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). One hundred eighteen patients seen in a general neurology practice over 5 years meeting standard clinical criteria for FM or CFS were analyzed retrospectively. Cases of untreated sleep apnea or restless legs syndrome were excluded prior to inclusion in this study. Ninety‐two patients had multiple sleep latency testing (MSLT). Seventy‐three (80%) were abnormal by standard criteria. Of 57 females having positive MSLTs, 22 (39%) had one or more periods of sleep onset rapid eye movement (SOREM), and 5 of 16 (31%) males with positive MSLTs had one or more SOREM. Highly fragmented sleep, as previously described in FM, was seen but not analyzed quantitatively. HLA DQB1*0602 was obtained in 74 patients, and positive in 32 (43%), P < 0.0001 compared with published values in 228 populations. In our patients, who presented with neuromuscular fatigue or generalized pain, we found a sleep disorder characterized by objective hypersomnia. Some patients had characteristics of narcolepsy. Objective assessment by sleep studies can assist the diagnostic process, aid future research, and provide rationale for treatment.