bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Winter weather forecasts
Authors: Robb David W. 
Published: October 2011

Once again, forecasters from both the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) National Weather Service and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography's (SIO) Climate Research Group have independently formulated extended winter weather forecasts for the continental United States for December 1984 through February 1985. This year both groups have devised generally agreeing forecasts: Colder than normal weather in the western part of the nation, generally milder temperatures in the east (Figure 1), and on the whole, more than average precipitation over the entire nation (Figure 2). Both teams of forecasters use, in part, data on ocean surface temperatures collected in the North Pacific and North Atlantic as indications of likely weather patterns over the continents.First the National Weather Service's forecast: According to Donald L. Gilman, chief of the Predictions Branch at NOAA's National Weather Service, the greatest chance, or 60%, for colder than normal weather this winter is found in Utah and portions of Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, and Nevada. Surrounding this region, extending eastward from the Cascade and Siena Nevada mountains across the Great Basin and into the Rocky Mountains and the High Plains of Colorado, New Mexico, and west Texas, is an area that NOAA forecasters have given a 55% chance of colder than normal winter temperatures.
Special rate: Color section of JGR‐Solid Earth and Planets
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A special section of the Journal of Geophysical Research that will feature liberal use of color at special reduced rates is being planned for July 1985. The first goal is to determine the need for color graphics from authors' and readers' viewpoints. The second goal is to gain experience with economies of scale so that realistic page charges can be set.Figures should be submitted in the final size. JGR page maximum dimensions are 17.3 cm×24.3 cm. Both the figure and the caption must fit on the page.
What is a planet” When is a discovery?
Authors: Robb David W. 
Published: October 2011

The news item above reports on the sighting of a planet outside our solar system, the first time such a discovery has been made. As with many scientific discoveries, however, things are not quite as simple as they seem. The problem with this discovery is that the two groups of astronomers invoked cannot quite agree on who saw what first. Or to put it another way: When is a planet not a planet but a Brown Dwarf and when is a discovery not a discovery but a confirmation? Astronomers from the U.S. Naval Observatory and the University of Arizona are having a little trouble sorting this out.Both groups do agree on the data. A substellar body has been directly and indirectly observed orbiting the intrinsically faint star Van Biesbroeck 8 (VB S) in a constellation of the Milky Way. In fact, both groups agree that the observed substellar body can be called a Brown Dwarf. The definition of a Brown Dwarf, it is agreed, lies somewhere in between the definition of a planet and that of a star. Herein lies the crux: can a Brown Dwarf be called a planet? Richard Harrington, an astronomer with the U.S. Naval Observatory, says that a Brown Dwarf is not a planet. Donald McCarthy, of the University of Arizona, says that it is.
Congressional Fellow
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Eric L. Butler, AGU's 1984–1985 Congressional Science Fellow, has elected to spend his year on Capital Hill working for the Subcommittee on Commerce, Transportation, and Tourism of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce.Butler, AGU's eighth Congressional Science Fellow, will be spending the period September 1984 to August 1985 on the Hill as part of the overall American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Congressional Science and Engineering Fellows program, which is aimed at involving scientists and engineers in public policy within Congress by means of work on members' or committee staffs.
Perspectives on Capitol Hill: Notes from a former Fellow
Authors: Shaw George H. 
Published: October 2011

How has being an AGU Congressional Science Fellow affected my career up to this point? This is a bit like asking someone to describe the effect of obtaining a college degree on their subsequent career. Certainly life would have been different but in what ways is a little hard to know.I can say that my perspective on politics, politicians, and the role of scientists (and citizens in general) in public policy has been markedly altered. I have been politicized, in the sense that I am more aware of the need to participate in public debate and to put more of the policy perspective into some of my lectures. Most students have responded very positively to getting this kind of information. I have also given a number of lectures on science and public policy and found that many scientists are anxious to become better informed about “how the system works.”
Mixed reaction to science department proposal
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The recommendation last month by a presidential commission that a federal Department of Science and Technology be created to encompass “major civilian research and development (R&D) agencies” has elicited a mixed reaction from members of the geophysical sciences community.The Commission on Industrial Competitiveness, created by President Ronald Reagan in June 1983 to study ways to strengthen the ability of the United States to compete in a global marketplace, recommended establishment of a Cabinet‐level science department “to promote national interest in and policies for research and technological innovation.” The commission, chaired by John A. Young, president of the Hewlett‐Packard Company, was composed primarily of presidents and chief executive officers of major technology corporations but also included members of academia and government. Creation of a federal science and technology 'department is one of many suggestions contained in the commission's final report, Global Competition: The New Reality.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The following hearings have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing; all congressional offices may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).April 25: Oversight hearing on submerged lands by the Public Lands Subcommittee of the House Interior and Insular Affairs Committee. Room to be assigned, 9:45 A.M.
Crustal dynamics research opportunity
Authors: Mead Gilbert 
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has announced an opportunity for participation in the Crustal Dynamics Research Program for the analysis and interpretation of geodetic data acquired by NASA's Crustal Dynamics Project through space techniques.These techniques include laser ranging to artificial satellites and the moon (SLR and LLR) and very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), which uses radio signals emitted by celestial sources. Fixed stations are used, as well as highly mobile stations capable of being moved from site to site in the United States and of being transported to overseas areas. The measurements will be used to determine the positions of the observing sites as a function of time, baseline lengths and baseline directions between stations as a function of time, and measurements of polar motion and earth rotation. The techniques are capable of precisions of a few centimeters over baselines of up to several thousands of kilometers and baseline length changes of 1 cm/yr or better.
Winter weather scorecard
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Last fall's 3‐month winter weather prediction by National Weather Service (NWS) forecasters was not terrific, but it was not too far off the mark, either. A comparison of the predicted temperatures and precipitation (Eos, December 25, 1984, p. 1241) to the observed conditions (see Figures 1 and 2) during the months of December, January, and February shows that the forecasters were generally correct where they were most confident in their predictions.According to Donald Gilman, chief of the Predictions Branch at NWS's National Climate Analysis Center, the overall temperature forecast was probably better than that for precipitation. “The temperature forecast was pretty good in the West,” said Gilman. “East of the Mississippi, however, was a mixed picture.”
Indirect Imaging
Authors: Kundu Mukul R. 
Published: October 2011

This book is the Proceedings of an International Symposium held in Sydney, Australia, August 30‐September 2, 1983. The meeting was sponsored by the International Union of Radio Science and the International Astronomical Union.Indirect imaging is based upon the principle of determining the actual form of brightness distribution in a complex case by Fourier synthesis, using information derived from a large number of Fourier components. The main topic of the symposium was how to get the best images from data obtained from telescopes and other similar imaging instruments. Although the meeting was dominated by radio astronomers, with the consequent dominance of discussion of indirect imaging in the radio domain, there were quite a few participants from other disciplines. Thus there were some excellent discussions on optical imaging and medical imaging.
March streamflow
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Streamflows during March were below normal along most of the Eastern Seaboard and in the southeastern and northwestern states. However, they were above normal in a wide band extending from Michigan southwest‐ward into Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona (see map), according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).USGS hydrologists reported that stream‐flows were about normal or above at 65% of the stream‐measurement index stations in the United States. A record high flow was measured on the Colorado River in Utah, and the level of the Great Salt Lake reached its highest point in 108 years.
Recent Ph.D.'s
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Eos periodically lists information on recently accepted doctoral dissertations in the disciplines of geophysics. Faculty members are invited to submit the following information, on institution letterhead, above the signature of the faculty advisor or department chairman: (1) the dissertation title, (2) author's name, (3) name of the degree‐granting department and institution, (4) faculty advisor, (5) month and year degree was awarded.If possible, include the current address and telephone number of the degree recipient (this information will not be published).
Historical correspondence between C. V. Theis and C. I. Lubin
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

In C. V. Theis's classic 1935 paper on “The Relation between the Lowering of the Piezometric Surface and the Rate and Duration of Discharge of a Well Using Ground Water Storage,” the following statement appears:C. I. Lubin … has with great kindness prepared for me the following derivation of the equation giving the distribution of temperatures around a sink … corresponding to the cone of depression around a well.
[Reply to “On magnetospheric research”] On the number of ringlets in the Saturnian rings
Authors: Alfvén Hannes 
Published: October 2011

G. L. Tyler claims (Eos, January 29, 1985, p. 41) that there are 22 ringlets in the Saturnian ring and criticizes me be‐cause I have given numbers which are or‐ders of magnitude larger. The controversy is largely semantic.It is theoretically expected that the rings should have a “fine structure” [Alfvén, 1984; Alfvén and Cech, 1984] from which we can derive important processes at the formation of the rings and, in a wider context, gain essential information about the evolutionary history of the solar system. A recent study demonstrates that a detailed analysis of the C ring, as well as of the A and B rings, makes it possible to reconstruct certain events which probably occurred 4–5 billion years ago with an accuracy of 1% [Alfvén et al., 1985]. In some regions, e.g., the Holberg minimum, this fine structure is superimposed on a continuous background so that the opacity does not go down to zero; in others, e.g., the Cassini division, it does. Still, similar cosmogonically relevant information can be extracted from both regions. For example, in both regions there is a double peak, which can very well be called a double ringlet.
U.S. and Canada Sign Space Agreement
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The United States and Canada recently signed a memorandum of understanding for the conduct of a cooperative program regarding the detailed definition and preliminary design (the so‐called “Phase B”) of a permanently manned space station (Eos, February 14, 1984, p. 51). Under the memorandum, the United States and Canada will conduct and coordinate parallel Phase B studies.The agreement calls for interaction and in‐formation exchange during the next 2 years. Canada, which has approved $8.8 million for the first year of Phase B, will study a space construction and servicing system and a solar array for a space platform or for a potential auxiliary power source for the space station. Canadian scientists will also work on a remote sensing facility.
Science policy hearings set
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

A congressional task force that will review government science policy has scheduled a slate of hearings for the rest of 1985. T h e Task Force on Science Policy, established in mid‐1984 by the House Committee on Science and Technology, will conduct the first such comprehensive review by the House in more than 20 years.“These hearings will allow us to visit with a large number of preeminent scientists, engineers, and policymakers representing many disciplines and viewpoints. They will help provide the task force with a broad picture of U.S. science policy,” said Rep. Manuel Lujan (R‐N.M.), the task force's ranking Republican. Rep. Don Fuqua (D‐Fla.) is chairman of both the task force and the Committee on Science and Technology.
Research funding available
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) plans to begin support of extramural research on earth structure and geodynamics in October 1985. AFOSR plans to make available $891,000 to support theoretical and laboratory studies as well as field measurements of geophysical parameters. The research must be “of potential relevance” to the Air Force's mission, which includes advanced testing of components, siting of Air Force weapon systems and other installations, characterization of the effects of seismic energy sources, and surveillance and reconnaissance missions.For more information, contact program manager Henry R. Radoski, AFOSR/NP, Building 410, Boiling Air Force Base, Washington, DC, 20332‐6448; telephone: 202‐767‐4906.
NSF appointment
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

President Ronald Reagan has announced his intention to nominate Richard S. Nicholson as assistant director of the National Science Foundation (NSF) for mathematical and physical sciences. Nicholson has been acting deputy director and staff director of NSF since 1983.A research chemist by training, Nicholson was an associate professor of chemistry at Michigan State University before joining NSF in 1970. He served in a number of capacities at NSF, including executive director of the National Science Board commission on precollege education in mathematics, science, and technology, deputy assistant director for the mathematical and physical sciences, and senior planning officer for mathematical and physical sciences. The nomination is subject to Senate confirmation.
Controversy over mass extinctions
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

The notion that mass extinctions of species occur at 26‐million‐year (m.y.) intervals received wide attention in the scientific and popular press a little over a year ago. According to the theory, some sort of periodic extra‐terrestrial event had led to the episodes of extinction; comet showers brought on by any of a variety of causes were frequently offered as one explanation.Now the idea is back in the news, this time drawing criticism. An article published in the June 20 issue of Nature criticizes the original analysis, by David Raup and John Sepkoski of the University of Chicago, on the grounds that their data base was overly pared down and that they used a biased definition for mass extinction. Raup and his supporters say that papers now in press will answer the objections.
Earthquake rocks Mexico City
Authors: Katzoff Judith A. 
Published: October 2011

An earthquake registering 7.8 on the Richter scale occurred September 19, 1985, at 9:18 A.M. (EDT), near the coast of Mexico. The quake, centered about 400 km southwest of Mexico City, was the strongest in the world since one of the same magnitude struck near the coast of central Chile on March 3, said the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). As Eos went to press, it was reported that 250 people had been killed in the Mexican earthquake. A regional tsunami warning issued on the morning of the earthquake was cancelled a few hours later.According to John Filson, chief of earthquake studies at the USGS headquarters in Reston, Va., the quake was centered near the northern end of the Middle America Trench, located off the west coast of Mexico and Central America.
Upcoming hearings in Congress
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The following hearings and markups have been tentatively scheduled for the coming weeks by the Senate and House of Representatives. Dates and times should be verified with the committee or subcommittee holding the hearing or markup; all offices on Capitol Hill may be reached by telephoning 202‐224‐3121. For guidelines on contacting a member of Congress, see AGU's Guide to Legislative Information and Contacts (Eos, August 28, 1984, p. 669).October 8: A joint hearing by the Energy Research & Development Subcommittee of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee and the Nuclear Regulation Subcommittee of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee on low‐level radioactive waste (S. 1517 and S. 1578). Room SD‐366, Dirksen Building, 9:30 A.M.
CFC contributions
Authors: Ongley Lois K. 
Published: October 2011

The Combined Federal Campaign (CFC) provides an opportunity for federal employees to designate the recipient of the charitable donations they make by payroll deduction. Did you know that there are geological and geophysical organizations that are qualified to receive these donations? The two with which I am most familiar are the Association for Women Geoscientists Foundation (AWGF) and the American Geophysical Union; other organizations in our profession with similar tax status would also qualify.Federal employees should read the CFC pamphlets carefully. It is my understanding that employees need only to provide the name of the organization and its address. Campaign administrators will do the rest.
Frank Snodgrass 1920–1985
Authors: Munk Walter 
Published: October 2011

Frank Snodgrass died this morning on his farm in Oregon. He had been my partner for 23 years prior to his retirement in 1976.So many oceanographic techniques that are taken for granted today were introduced by Frank. He pioneered digital recording. He was the first (in 1965) to drop gear in freefall to the sea floor for subsequent acoustic recall. I believe that he was the first to use a portable sea‐going laboratory. We still use the frame of Frank's first model, which dates back over 20 years.
Oceanography of the Southeastern Continental Shelf
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

This volume, the second in the Coastal and Estuarine Sciences series, provides a synthesis of the physical, chemical, and biological oceanography of the South Atlantic Bight (SAB). The results presented derive from a decade‐long multidisciplinary investigation of the SAB continental shelf regime.The SAB extends from West Palm Beach, Fla., where the narrow south Florida shelf begins to broaden, to Cape Hatteras, N.C., where the shelf again narrows. This broad and shallow area is distinguished by the proximity of the Gulf Stream to the shelf break. Large contrasts in the distribution of properties, the strength of oceanic and atmospheric forces, and the high frequency (4–12 days) at which these forces vary have created a unique natural laboratory in which a variety of oceanic processes may be studied.
AGU hydrology publication outlets
Authors: Freeze R. Allan 
Published: October 2011

In recent months I have been approached on several occasions by members of the hydrology community who asked me which of the various AGU journals and publishing outlets would be most suitable for a particular paper or article that they have prepared.Water Resources Research (WRR) is the primary AGU outlet for research papers in hydrology. It is an interdisciplinary journal that integrates research in the social and natural sciences of water. The editors of WRR invite original contributions in the physical, chemical and biological sciences and also in the social and policy sciences, including economics, systems analysis, sociology, and law. The editor for the physical sciences side of the journal is Donald R. Nielson, LAWR Veihmeyer Hall, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616. The editor for the policy sciences side of the journal is Ronald G. Cummings, Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131
Ruiz Volcano: Preliminary report
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Ruiz Volcano, Colombia (4.88°N, 75.32°W). All times are local (= GMT −5 hours).An explosive eruption on November 13, 1985, melted ice and snow in the summit area, generating lahars that flowed tens of kilometers down flank river valleys, killing more than 20,000 people. This is history's fourth largest single‐eruption death toll, behind only Tambora in 1815 (92,000), Krakatau in 1883 (36,000), and Mount Pelée in May 1902 (28,000). The following briefly summarizes the very preliminary and inevitably conflicting information that had been received by press time.
Dynamique des Climats et de l'Ecoulement Fluvial
Authors: Van der Beken A. 
Published: October 2011

The authors' general purpose is the study of the environment from the viewpoint of climate and surface runoff. They can claim a “first,” since these factors have not been studied together often.The first part (pp. 13–80) is an introduction of the mechanisms governing climates and river flow, but only six pages explain the effect of climatological factors on river flown. The second part (pp. 83–152) and third part (pp. 155–217) discuss the cold, temperate, and warm regions sequentially. Here again the climatological part is well developed and covers all parts of the world, but relatively few pages treat river flow in particular, and the discussion is limited to a rather elementary descriptive analysis.
OTA congressional fellowships
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) is accepting applications for its 1986–1987 Congressional Fellowship Program. Under this program, up to six individuals will be selected for 1‐year appointments in Washington, D.C. There the fellows will participate directly in the work of one or more OTA assessments.OTA aims to provide congressional committees with objective analyses of issues in science and technology. The office identifies alternative policy options, helps Congress to resolve uncertainties and conflicting claims, and provides early alerts to new developments that could have important implications for future federal policy. OTA conducts assessments in such areas as energy, materials, industrial competitiveness, technology transfer, international security, biological applications, medical technologies, agriculture, information technologies, environment, transportation, and science policy.