bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical Insight into Understanding the Clinical Conundrum of Viral Community-acquired Pneumonia: A Review
Authors: Moore Sarah E , Hebert B. Joseph , Wilde Ashley M 
Published: June 2024

Introduction Viruses are a frequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Even after a viral pathogen has been identified, clinicians still must consider the possibility of bacterial co-infection and determine if antibiotic therapy is needed. This question, whether bacterial co-infection is present, becomes critical when considering optimal therapeutic management for patients with viral CAP. Methods A review was conducted of the epidemiology of viral CAP, reported rates of bacterial co-infections, antibiotic prescribing, and diagnostic and clinical methods for assessing risk of bacterial co-infection. Results Reported co-infection rates are variable, but evidence suggests bacterial co-infections are not documented in the majority of cases of viral CAP. Conclusions Practical research is needed to determine when antibiotics can be withheld or discontinued in patients with viral CAP in order to prevent harm associated with unnecessary antibiotic use.
The Effect of a Proposed Educational Program Using Mental Training on Learning Some Gymnastics Skills
Authors: Alshadida Maysloon , Al-Khasawneh Ghada 
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to identify the effect of a proposed educational program using mental training on learning gymnastics skills. The study sample consisted of 24 female students from the Department of Physical Education at Al al-Bayt University who are enrolled in the gymnastics course from the summer semester of the academic year 2021-2022. The study sample was divided into two equal groups: experimental and control each containing 12 students. The control group was traditionally taught gymnastics skills, while the experimental group was taught gymnastics skills using a mental training program. The results showed that the mental training accompanying the educational program is effective in teaching gymnastics skills. The researchers recommended using mental training coupled with skill learning within the educational units because of its positive effect on accelerating the learning process.
Experimental and numerical investigations on polycarbonate samples and rotorcraft windshield for bird model impacts
Authors: Ćwiklak Janusz , Gołda Paweł , Goś Artur , Kobiałka Ewelina , Krasuski Kamil 
Published: June 2024

One of the factors that significantly affect flight safety is bird strikes. Various aircraft parts are vulnerable to damage. For helicopters, the windshield, the front part of the fuselage, and the rotor blades are particularly sensitive to bird collisions. Experimental studies and numerical modelling of bird model impacts on polycarbonate samples and a helicopter windshield are presented in the paper. For the tests, a gelatine projectile was used as a bird substitute. In numerical studies, it was represented by a cylindrical shape with hemispherical ends. In the first stage of the experimental tests samples made of polycarbonate material were used as a target. These studies focused on determining the sample deflections and velocity at which the bird model would penetrate the target. The experimental investigations were conducted with a special set-up of a gas gun equipped with high-speed cameras, tensiometers, accelerometers, and force sensors. The simulations were conducted using LS-DYNA software by applying the SPH method to the bird model. The test stand models were developed in a CAD environment and then imported into LS-PrePost software, where they were discretized to use in numerical analyses. Results of the studies, such as impact force, acceleration, and windshield deflection were compared. Besides, the high-speed cameras allowed visualization of the impact process. It turned out that both a polycarbonate plate and a helicopter windshield were punctured at the speed of 50 m/s. It can be noted that the curves of the impact force and the deflection of samples obtained as a result of numerical analysis correlated well with the empirical ones. The correlation validated the modelling parameters and confirmed that numerical simulations could be trusted as an effective and reliable method for analyzing materials' behavior under impact loading.
Detección de situaciones de emergencias usando el modelo Naive- Bayes de machine learning.
Authors: Vásquez-Rojas Iván Leonel , Vívas-Cortéz Miguel José 
Published: June 2024

En la actualidad las redes sociales han ganado terreno en la generación y obtención de información al instante, esta característica la hace de gran utilidad en la detección y advertencias de emergencias tales como accidentes viales, incendios, tormentas, inundaciones, etc. Esto ha motivado la generación de una gran cantidad de trabajos acerca del aprovechamiento de esta información para enfrentar los problemas generados por tales emergencia, trabajo como el de A. Kansal, Y. Singh, N. Kumar “Detection of forest fire using Machine Learning technique” [1] o de Chamorro Verónica “Clasificación de tweets mediante modelos de aprendizaje supervisado” [2], muestran el uso de técnicas de machine learning para la detección de situaciones extraordinarias. Tras estas situaciones catastróficas o de emergencias es necesario gestionar los servicios de atención y protección de la población, problemas como caos informativo, incertidumbre en las necesidades y servicios pueden encontrar solución en la detección oportuna de cuales eventos son realmente emergencias, así el propósito de este trabajo usamos mensajes de X (Twitter) para clasificar cuales emergencias en si realmente lo son o no lo son. Utilizamos el algoritmo de machine Learning conocido como Naive-Bayes en este problema de clasificación de los mensajes de X, para determinar las emergencias reales, con un resultado en la evaluación de la exactitud en la clasificación de emergencia real con una proporción de 73.4% entre las clasificadas como emergencias y clasifica las emergencias falsas con una precisión de 75.4% entre la clasificada como falsa. En general el modelo obtenido tiene una exactitud de 74.6% en sus pronósticos de clasificación. Se considera que la utilización de un modelo Naive-Bayes para un prototipo en la clasificación de los mensajes de emergencias de la red social X podría ser de gran utilidad en base a los resultados de la evaluación de su performance de clasificación.
Desarrollo de competencias ciudadanas a través de las prácticas pedagógicas interculturales
Authors: Álvarez Ossa María Elisa , Arteaga Ángela Patricia , Henao Franco Fernando José , Ramírez Dávila Édgar H. 
Published: June 2024

Lograr elaborar el desarrollo de las prácticas pedagógicas interculturales para la formación de competencias ciudadanas conlleva a la reflexión de la relación con el otro (s) y consigo mismo. Objetivo: revisar los antecedentes y referentes teóricos para la comprensión de las prácticas pedagógicas interculturales en la formación de competencias ciudadanas. Desde los Antecedentes abordados se pudo evidenciar que las competencias ciudadanas no se agotan en su transmisión, deben ampliar su perspectiva cultural en las comunidades y en la elaboración de dinámicas interculturales que ayuden en la superación de la visión restringida de la modernidad pensada desde un estado de derecho que no logra posibilitar el reconocimiento y la comprensión de los acelerados cambios del mundo contemporáneo que, cada vez, con la globalización y el fenómeno de colonización, genera mayor diversidad cultural y complejiza los procesos de las identidades culturales. El Método que se utilizó fue un diseño documental, con método hermenéutico, aplicando la técnica de análisis de contenido para la sistematización de la información. Resultados: el avance en competencias ciudadanas interculturales requiere replantear la democracia de una sociedad, incorporando cambio en las leyes e instituciones y la construcción de una cultura democrática para desarrollar valores, conocimientos, habilidades y la comprensión crítica para el diálogo intercultural; como también, la formación de maestros que renueven sus prácticas pedagógicas. Se llego a la Conclusión que existe una variedad de modelos para el ejercicio de la ciudadanía intercultural y democrática. Donde se plantea la necesidad de establecer políticas educativas que a las instituciones en el tema de la diversidad cultural, profundizar en las estrategias pedagógicas de una educación incluyente, y desarrollar programas de educación docente que aporten a la formación integral en ciudadanía.
Pengembangan Instrumen Penilaian Keterampilan Membaca Di Mts Darul Fatah
Authors: Husnah Qomariyatul 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThis research aims to determine the development of an instrument for evaluating the reading skills of class VIII MTs PP students. Darul Fatah. This research method is descriptive qualitative. This research describes the development of a listening skills evaluation instrument. The research results show that to measure reading skills apart from looking at it from the communication side, reading skills can also be measured through learning evaluations with instruments or various tests. Reading is not just looking at a collection of letters that have formed words, groups of words, sentences, paragraphs and discourse, but more than that, reading is an activity of understanding and interpreting meaningful symbols/signs/writing so that the message conveyed by the author can be received by the reade.
ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan instrumen evaluasi keterampilan membaca siswa kelas VIII MTs PP. Darul Fatah. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggambarkan pengembangan instrumen evaluasi keterampilan menyimak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa untuk mengukur keterampilan menmbaca selain dilihat dari sisi komunikasinya, keterampilan membaca juga dapat diukur melalui evaluasi pembelajaran dengan instrumen atau macam-macam tes. membaca bukan hanya sekedar melihat kumpulan huruf yang telah membentuk kata, kelompok kata, kalimat, paragraf, dan wacana saja, tetapi lebih dari itu bahwa membaca merupakan kegiatan memahami dan menginterpretasikan lambang/tanda/tulisan yang bermakna sehingga pesan yang disampaikan penulis dapat diterima oleh pembaca.
Kajian terhadap Dampak Komitmen Lingkungan Hijau dan Kapasitas Intelektual Hijau terhadap Kinerja Lingkungan Organisasi di Perusahaan Hotel di Kota Gorontalo
Authors: Abdullah Siti Zahra , Yantu Irwan , Tantawi Rezkiawan 
Published: June 2024

Dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada hotel sebagai tempat penelitian, karena hotel menjadi unsur utama dalam mendukung sektor pariwisata. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh green intellectual capital dan green commitment terhadap organizational environment performance. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yakni dengan metode pendekatan kuantitatif korelasional dengan menggunakan analisis data regresi berganda. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa hotel-hotel di Kota Gorontalo agar lebih memperkuat program pelatihan yang lebih intensif dan komprehensif serta sosialisasi mengenai keberlanjutan, sehingga karyawan dapat lebih mudah memahami dan menerapkan praktik-praktik ramah lingkungan dalam pekerjaan sehari-hari mereka. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui adanya pengaruh positif dari variabel independen yang tidak termasuk dalam Penelitian ini yang mempengaruhi organizational environment performance Pada hotel di Kota Gorontalo sebesar 31,6%, oleh karena itu bagi peneliti selanjutnya agar dapat menambahkan variabel independen lain yang tidak termasuk dalam penelitian ini.
ANÁLISE DO SUCESSO/INSUCESSO DO ESTUDANTE SURDO NO CURSO TÉCNICO EM AGROPECUÁRIA DO IFPA – CASTANHAL
Authors: Da Silva Antonia Leite , De França Pablo Radamés Cabral , Neves Miranilde Oliveira 
Published: June 2024

O presente artigo descreve os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de analisar os fatores que contribuíram para o sucesso/insucesso dos estudantes surdos matriculados no Curso Técnico em Agropecuária do Instituto Federal do Pará – Campus Castanhal. Optou-se, metodologicamente, pela abordagem qualitativa. O levantamento dos dados compreendeu revisão bibliográfica e aplicação de questionários com perguntas estruturadas e semiestruturadas direcionadas aos docentes, estudantes surdos e equipe de ensino. A análise dos dados ocorreu de forma descritiva e interpretativa. Os resultados demonstraram que as práticas de ensino para os estudantes surdos ocorrem aleatoriamente, sem direcionamento específico, o que evidenciou a necessidade de recursos e formações para assegurar a inclusão e o desenvolvimento dos educandos.
Integrated Greenhouse Microclimate Management: A Review
Authors: Yadav K. , Arora I. , Kumar A. , Rana M.K. , Kumar V. , Kapil  , Amit  
Published: June 2024

The normal development of plants and an increase in yield depend on the microclimate in a greenhouse being controlled. Key microclimate factors, like carbon dioxide, temperature, sunlight and relative humidity could be altered by a variety of control actions such as humidification and dehumidification, heating, natural or forced ventilation and concentration of carbon dioxide. Factors like effective natural ventilation in greenhouses, considering factors like temperature differences, wind velocity, and appropriate ventilator area, are crucial for regulating internal climate, reducing energy use, and ensuring healthy plant growth. However, these modifications result in higher energy and fuel consumption throughout the manufacturing process. Thus, appropriate management is obligatory to perform the intricate operations related to balancing energy, i.e., lowering the emanations and reducing the cost of production, even though severe climatic conditions could adversely affect the microclimate inside the greenhouse. This review document will provide concise information on the management of greenhouse microclimate, focusing on different factors that affect crop growth and how these factors can be managed.
A method to improve and automate flat defect detection during ultrasonic inspection
Authors: Merazi Meksen Thouraya , Boudraa Bachir , Boudraa Malika 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYIn the nondestructive testing of materials, ultrasonic imagery can detect and characterize defects that are present in a structure. Data are displayed in the form of images, and processing algorithms can be applied for automatic detection and characterization. However, when using diffracted waves, the amplitude is often too low, and the signals are difficult to distinguish from the noise. Other times, the volume of data requires significant computation time.In this paper, we propose a method that can avoid image formation by replacing it with a sparse matrix and significantly reducing the amount of data to process; this allows for the enhancement and the automation of the detection of thin and flat defects such as cracks. The elements of the sparse matrix form a curve, which is sufficient to characterize defects in many cases. These elements are selected from diffracted signals using the split‐spectrum processing method. In this way, the signal‐to‐noise ratio is improved, and the position of the echo signal is accurately determined.When a crack is present in a material, the points of the sparse matrix form a parabola and classical tools of pattern recognition such as the Hough transform can detect it, thus providing significant help in decision‐making processes. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prenatal programming of adult mineral metabolism: Relevance to blood pressure, dietary prevention strategies, and cardiovascular disease
Authors: Schulter Günter , Goessler Walter , Papousek Ilona 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectives:Mounting evidence indicates that adult health outcomes such as the development of cardiovascular disease or diabetes can trace some of their roots back to prenatal development. This study investigated the epigenetic impact of a particular prenatal hormonal condition on specific health‐related consequences, i.e., on concentrations of minerals and mineral metabolism in adults.Methods:In 70 university students, the second‐to‐fourth digit length (2D:4D) was measured as a proxy of prenatal sex steroid action, and the concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), and calcium (Ca) were determined in hair samples by inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry. Mineral concentrations and the mineral ratios Na/K, Na/Mg, and Na/Ca were analyzed in multivariate analyses of variance, with digit ratios and sex of participants as grouping variables. The results were validated in a replication cohort from the general population, and with a wider age‐range. In addition, the correlation of mineral concentrations and mineral ratios with blood pressure was examined.Results:Men with relatively lower (i.e., more masculine) and women with relatively higher (i.e., more feminine) digit ratios had higher Na/K, Na/Mg, and Na/Ca ratios than their counterparts. Virtually identical results were obtained in the replication study. Moreover, Na concentrations and Na/K ratios were significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure.Conclusions:The findings suggest that the individual variation in mineral metabolism can be predicted by 2D:4D, indicating that prenatal sex steroid action may be involved in the epigenetic programming of specific metabolic conditions which are highly relevant to adult health and disease. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spina bifida subtypes and sub‐phenotypes by maternal race/ethnicity in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Authors: Agopian A.J. , Canfield Mark A. , Olney Richard S. , Lupo Philip J. , Ramadhani Tunu , Mitchell Laura E. , Shaw Gary M. , Moore Cynthia A. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: December 2011

AbstractSpina bifida refers to a collection of neural tube defects, including myelomeningocele, meningocele, and myelocele (SBM), as well as lipomyelomeningocele and lipomeningocele (SBL). Maternal race/ethnicity has been associated with an increased risk for spina bifida among offspring. To better understand this relationship, we evaluated different spina bifida subtypes (SBM vs. SBL) and sub‐phenotypes (anatomic level or presence of additional malformations) by maternal race/ethnicity using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study. This study is a large, multisite, population‐based study of nonsyndromic birth defects. Prevalence estimates were obtained using data from spina bifida cases (live births, fetal deaths, and elective terminations) and total live births in the study regions. From October 1997 through December 2005, 1,046 infants/fetuses with spina bifida were delivered, yielding a prevalence of 3.06 per 10,000 live births. Differences in the prevalences of SBM vs. SBL, isolated versus non‐isolated SBM, and lesion level in isolated SBM among case offspring were observed by maternal race/ethnicity. Compared to non‐Hispanic (NH) White mothers, offspring of Hispanic mothers had higher prevalences of each subtype and most sub‐phenotypes, while offspring of NH Black mothers generally had lower prevalences. Furthermore, differences in race/ethnicity among those with isolated SBM were more pronounced by sex. For instance, among male offspring, the prevalence of isolated SBM was significantly higher for those with Hispanic mothers compared to NH White mothers [prevalence ratio (PR): 1.55, 95% confidence interval: 1.23–1.95]. These findings provide evidence that certain spina bifida subtypes and sub‐phenotypes may be etiologically distinct. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
“Did you find that out in time?”: New life trajectories of parents who choose to continue a pregnancy where a genetic disorder is diagnosed or likely
Authors: Hickerton Chriselle L. , Aitken MaryAnne , Hodgson Jan , Delatycki Martin B. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe availability of tests to detect genetic conditions prenatally has expanded considerably in recent decades. These advances allow women and couples choices; the choice of whether or not to undergo prenatal screening or diagnosis and therefore the choice whether to continue or terminate a pregnancy. Following prenatal testing many people choose to terminate an affected pregnancy, however little is known about the experiences of parents who choose to continue such a pregnancy. This exploratory qualitative study involved in‐depth interviews with five mothers and four fathers who experienced a pregnancy where a genetic diagnosis was, or could have been, detected prenatally. Transcripts of the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. While the participants' experiences of genetic diagnoses and prenatal choices varied, findings revealed three major categories triggering new life trajectories for all of these parents: knowledge of reproductive risk and receiving a genetic diagnosis; adapting to diagnosis and new life path; and attitudes to prenatal diagnosis and disability. Parents reported that while dealing with their own attitudes and getting on with their “new world,” positive and negative attitudes of others impacted on these parents' experiences. A conceptual model arising from the major themes is offered as a way of thinking about this paradigm. Parents who continue a pregnancy where a genetic condition is detected or suspected prenatally, can be supported appropriately by health professionals while adjusting to their new life path. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Miscibility and crystallization behavior of biodegradable poly(ε‐caprolactone)/tannic acid blends
Authors: Liang Yonggang , Yang Fang , Qiu Zhaobin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractMiscibility, isothermal melt crystallization kinetics, spherulitic morphology and growth rates, and crystal structure of completely biodegradable poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL)/tannic acid (TA) blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy, and wide angle X‐ray diffraction in detail in this work. PCL and TA are miscible as evidenced by the single composition dependent glass transition temperature over the whole compositions range and the depression of equilibrium melting point of PCL in the PCL/TA blends. Isothermal melt crystallization kinetics of neat PCL and an 80/20 PCL/TA blend was investigated and analyzed by the Avrami equation. The overall crystallization rates of PCL decrease with increasing crystallization temperature for both neat PCL and the PCL/TA blend; moreover, the overall crystallization rate of PCL is slower in the PCL/TA blend than in neat PCL at a given crystallization temperature. However, the crystallization mechanism of PCL does not change despite crystallization temperature and the addition of TA. The spherulitic growth rates of PCL also decrease with increasing crystallization temperature for both neat PCL and the PCL/TA blend; moreover, blending with TA reduces the spherulitic growth rate of PCL in the PCL/TA blend. It is also found that the crystal structure of PCL is not modified in the PCL/TA blend. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011