bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Colony and Cluster Growth in Haemopoietic Dysplasia (the Preleukaemic Syndrome)
Authors: Lidbeck Jan 
Published: August 2010

Bone marrows from 23 patients with haemopoietic dysplasia were cultured in agar‐gel and the patients were followed for at least 6 months after culture. The incidence of colonies, microclusters and macroclusters and the colony to cluster and microcluster to macrocluster ratios were compared to those of a control group. In the control patients a normal wide range of colonies and clusters was observed and colony growth correlated with cluster growth. About half of the dysplastic patients showed a normal growth pattern and ran a stable and benign course. The other dysplastic patients had defective colony growth, a low colony to cluster ratio, an increased microcluster to macrocluster ratio and a deficient macrocluster growth early in culture. These patients more often presented with cytopenia and had a malignant course with increasing bone marrow dysplasia and a frequent need of blood transfusions. Some patients died of cytopenia or transformed into acute leukaemia.The bone marrow cultures of haemopoietic dysplasia did not predict the short term (within 6 months) risk of leukaemia transformation. However, the results indicate that examination of culture growth can be used to differentiate stable and benign patients from those in whom clonal abnormalities may suggest a progressive and malignant course.
Prolonged Bleeding Time with Adequate Platelet Count in Hospital Patients
Authors: Wisløff F. , Godal H. C. 
Published: August 2010

100 patients with a modified Ivy bleeding time longer than 10 min in the presence of more than 80 times 109/1 blood platelets were studied retrospectively. 72 patients had repeated bleeding times between 10 and 20 min or one or more measurements exceeding 20 min, and were considered to have an unquestionable platelet dysfunction. 39 (54 %) of these 72 patients were receiving large doses of antibiotics. Nearly one half of the patients on antibiotics had a bleeding tendency, but most of these patients had additional features that may have interfered with platelet function, or a coagulation defect.In the remaining 33 patients, the prolonged bleeding time was associated with von Wille‐brand's disease, liver disease, leukaemia/myeloproliferative disease, paraproteinaemia or aspirin ingestion. High doses of penicillin seem to be the most common cause of qualitative platelet disorders in general hospital practice.
Megakaryocytes in the Foetal Circulation and in Cubital Venous Blood in the Mother before and after Delivery
Authors: Pedersen Niels Tinggaard , Petersen Sten , Greulich Lone 
Published: August 2010

22 newborn infants delivered by Caesarean section were investigated in order to ascertain the number and morphology of megakaryocytes in the umbilical artery and vein. Averages of 65.5 and 47 MK per ml blood were found, respectively. 25% of MK in the artery and 8% in the vein had copious cytoplasm. Thus there was a significantly higher total number of MK and number of MK with copious cytoplasm in blood from the artery than from the vein (P < 0.05). In blood from the aorta in 16 newborn infants we found an average of 28 MK per ml blood, 8% had copious cytoplasm. There was a significantly smaller number of MK in the aorta than in both the artery and the vein of the umbilical cord (P < 0.05). There was the same percentage of MK with copious cytoplasm in the aorta as in the umbilical vein.The number of MK in cubital venous blood from the mother prior to delivery was 17.5 MK per ml and was significantly higher than about 3 months after delivery when it was 5 MK per ml blood, which is a normal value (P < 0.05). In both series, 1.5% of MK had copious cytoplasm, as in a normal material.
Different Types of Endotoxin‐Induced Release of Colony Stimulating Factors by Adherent Leucocytes in the Presence of Fresh and Heat‐Inactivated Autologous Serum
Authors: Hinterberger Wolfgang , Mittermayer Karl , Paukovits Walter , Singer Jack 
Published: August 2010

Human adherent leucocytes stimulate in vitro granulopoiesis by releasing colony stimulating factors (CSF), which promote the growth of myeloid committed stem cells (CFUc). The effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on CSF generation by adherent leucocytes was studied with fresh and heat‐inactivated autologous serum. Adherent leucocyte conditioned media were fractionated on Sephadex G‐75.LPS, in the presence of fresh serum, caused a significant increase of CSF release by adherent leucocytes within 1 h. Heat inactivation of autologous serum abolished this effect. Adherent leucocyte CSF had 3 activity peaks at > 75000, 23000 and < 4000 daltons. LPS‐fresh serum initiated CSF, harvested after culture periods of 1 and 24 h, disclosed identical elution profiles.
Changes in Serum Levels of Cobalamin and Cobalamin Analogues in Folate Deficiency
Authors: Sheppard Kelvyn , Ryrie David 
Published: August 2010

The recent introduction of radioassays for ‘true’ cobalamin, as opposed to cobalamin and its analogues, has resulted in significantly lower levels of cobalamin being found in patients with folate deficiency.In study of 81 patients, cobalamin analogue levels were found to increase and cobalamin to decrease as red cell folates decreased. Cobalamin absorption studies in 15 patients with low cobalamin and folate levels were found to be normal in 10 patients, all of whom demonstrated high levels of analogues relative to true cobalamin. We have found that the mean serum cobalamin increased from 210 ng/l (range 100–380) to 309 (150–470) and analogues fell from 226 ng/l (150–280) to 127 (65–190) in 10 folate deficient patients when treated with folic acid. It appears that cobalamin analogue concentrations are increased in folate deficiency, and that in these patients treatment with folic acid alone may correct both the low cobalamin and the high analogue levels.
Tγ Cell Deficiency in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
Authors: Lauria F. , Mantovani V. , Catovsky D. , Guarini A. , Gobbi M. , Gugliotta L. , Mirone E. , Tura S. 
Published: August 2010

A significant reduction in the proportion and absolute number of circulating Tγ (suppressor) lymphocytes was observed in 15 adult patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The proportion of Tγ cells was also reduced in the spleen of four patients so investigated. This abnormality was not seen in 5 patients cured by splenectomy whilst it persisted in 3 who remained thrombocytopenic after splenectomy. The proportion of Tμ (helper) lymphocytes in ITP was normal.These findings, similar to those reported in systemic lupus erythematosus, suggest that an inbalance of the immunoregulatory T‐cell subsets may be important in the pathogenesis of ITP.
Separation of Human Bone Marrow Cells by Sedimentation
Authors: Guerci Oliéro , Huot‐Marchand Francis , Schneider Olga 
Published: August 2010

Sedimentation at unit gravity of human bone marrow cells, for 15 h at 4° C on a linear density gradient of Ficoll in culture medium ranging from 1.020 to 1.065 g/ml shows that a differential migration of the bone marrow cell sub‐populations exists with precise mean densities 1.021 ±lx 10−3 g/ml for lymphocytes; 1.024 ± 2.5 times 10−3 g/ml for non‐eosinophil granulocytes; 1.025 ± 2.5 times 10−3 g/ml for metamyelocytes; 1.030 ± 3.5 times 10−3 g/ml for other myeloid cells (myeloblasts, promyelocytes, myelocytes); 1.040 ± 3 times 10−3 g/ml for eosinophil granulocytes; and 1.055 ± 10 times 10−3 g/ml for megakaryocytes.The highest percentages of S phase cell and G2 and M phase cells determined by a cytofluorograph correspond to the peaks of immature myeloid cells (myeloblasts, promyelocytes and myelocytes).This method of bone marrow cell separation may be used to study the cell cycle in pathological bone marrows (leukaemia in particular) and to determine the effects and the efficiency of some antimitotics.
Immunocompetence after Incidental Splenectomy
Authors: Graffner Hans , Gullstrand Per , Hallberg Torgny 
Published: August 2010

Of 377 patients with chronic duodenal ulcer undergoing highly selective vagotomy, 13 were splenectomized peroperatively because of capsular tear. 12 of these patients were alive at the time of the subsequent investigation and each was matched with a non‐splenectomized patient. The postoperative interval was almost 5 years (median).The splenectomized patients were characterized by their longer hospitalization, and increased blood counts of lymphocytes, monocytes and platelets. Analysis of lymphocyte subsets revealed increased numbers of both T and B lymphocytes after splenectomy. Among the T cells, those with receptors for Fc of IgG were significantly more numerous in the splenectomized group. It is a matter of controversy whether or not this population contains T suppressor cells. Hence further functional investigations are needed to clarify whether our observations bear any relation to the low level of plasma IgM found by us and others in splenectomized individuals. Screening for complement activation by the classical and alternative pathways did not reveal any defects resulting from splenectomy.
Platelet BTG Release in Vitro Induced by Mechanical and Chemical Stimulus: Correlation with the Aggregation Curve Parameters
Authors: Santos M. T. , Valles J. , Aznar J. , Villa P. 
Published: August 2010

The in vitro release of B‐thromboglobulin (BTG) from platelets after stirring the platelet rich plasma (PRP) 5 min (37°C/1000rpm) was studied in a group of 13 healthy subjects before and after ‘in vivo’ aspirin ingestion, 1 g/d for 3 d. A significant reduction in the platelet BTG release (31%) was observed after aspirin ingestion in comparison to the pre‐aspirin values, suggesting that the BTG release by stirring is related to a platelet activation process.Small doses of collagen (0.625 μg/ml) and thrombin (0.1 U/ml) always released platelet BTG, whether or not there was a visible platelet aggregation, suggesting that platelet activation is not necessarily followed by visible platelet aggregation.A significant correlation was found between the BTG released by stimulation with collagen (2.5 μg/ml) and thrombin (0.2 U/ml) and the maximum velocity and intensity of the aggregation curve parameters.
The Clinical Significance of Beta‐Thromboglobulin and Platelet Factor‐4 in Polycythaemic Patients
Authors: Najean Y. , Poirier O. , Lokiec F. 
Published: August 2010

Simultaneous assays of platelet factor 4 (PF‐4) and beta‐thromboglobulin (βTG) were performed in 192 cases of myeloproliferative syndromes (polycythaemia vera and primary thrombocytosis, as defined by the Polycythaemia Vera Study Group). The results led to the following conclusions:

both assays must be combined in order to avoid a poor interpretation due to marker release in vitro;
the ‘normality’ of the values must take the platelet number into account, even in the ‘normal’ range of this parameter;
the sensitivity of the βTG assay is greater than that of PF‐4 when considering the correlation of the marker values with arterial accidents;
the predictive value of an excessive level of βTG and/or PF‐4 is difficult to define, since only 13 of the cases studied had a vascular accident during the 12‐month follow‐up period, and the levels of the markers in these patients were not statistically different from the levels in those patients not experiencing such accidents.
Displacement of T Lymphocytes with the ‘Helper/Inducer’ Phenotype from Peripheral Blood to Lymphoid Organs in Untreated Patients with Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Romagnani S. , Prete G. F. Del , Maggi E. , Bosi A. , Bernardi F. , Ponticelli P. , Lollo S. Di , Ricci M. 
Published: August 2010

A panel of previously characterized monoclonal antibodies: B67.6, OKT3, OKT4, B53.4, Leu3a, OKT8, Leu2a, OKM1, M12 and B52.1 were used as a probe to assess mononuclear cells in peripheral blood (PB), lymph nodes (LN) and spleens of untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD). The mean % and absolute number of T lymphocytes were significantly decreased in PB of HD patients when compared with control values. Reduction of circulating T lymphocytes reflected the selective loss of cells showing the ‘helper/inducer’ (‘H/I’) phenotype. In fact, a lower number of these cells was demonstrated in HD patients with advanced disease and, even though to a lesser extent, in those with localized disease. In contrast, decreased values of T cells with the ‘cytotoxic/syppressor’ (‘C/S’) phenotype were only found in patients with advanced disease, showing pan‐lymphocytopenia. Unlike PB, LN and spleens involved by HD usually showed increased %s of T lymphocytes, especially of those possessing the ‘H/I’ phenotype.The displacement of T lymphocytes with ‘H/I’ phenotype from PB to lymphoid organs further supports the possibility of a chronic immune response against abnormal cells or unknown antigens in the affected organs of patients with HD.
Abnormalities of Serum Transcobalamins in Sickle Cell Disease (HbSS) in Black Africa
Authors: Osifo ‘Bola O. A. , Adeyokunnu A. , Parmentier Y. , Gerard P. , Nicolas J. P. 
Published: August 2010

The unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity (UBBC) of serum, the three transcobalamins (TC I, TC II, TC III), and the total leucocyte and neutrophil counts have been studied in paediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). Increase in the level of the binding capacities of TC I and TC II with concomitant increase of UBBC was observed in these children who also had increased total white blood and neutrophil counts.There was a significant reduction in the level of endogenous B12.These abnormalities are discussed in relation to the deficiency of the splenic reticuloendothelial function, immunologic defect, hepatic degenerative changes and aplastic crisis observed in SCD. These results lend support to the view that transcobalamins are involved in the defence mechanism of the body.The significant reduction in serum cobalamin in SCD suggests a higher demand on this vitamin for metabolic functions, especially for the sparing of folate.
Haemoglobin Concentration and Serum Erythropoietin in Renal Dialysis and Transplant Patients
Authors: Summerfield G. P. , Gyde O. H. B. , Forbes A. M. W. , Goldsmith H. J. , Bellingham A. J. 
Published: August 2010

In patients with chronic renal failure the use of the relatively new dialysis technique of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), unlike other forms of dialysis, is consistently associated with an increase in Hb concentration, but the mechanism remains obscure.We measured Hb, haematocrit, S‐erythropoietin and Hb‐oxygen affinity in 3 groups of patients with chronic renal failure. (1) Untreated patients starting on haemodialysis. (2) Patients on intermittent peritoneal dialysis changing to CAPD. (3) Patients from the above 2 groups receiving renal transplants. In addition, red cell mass, plasma volume and red cell survival were measured in (2), before starting CAPD and at 6 months.There were distinctly different patterns of change in Hb concentration, Hb‐oxygen affinity and S‐erythropoietin in the 3 groups of patients.The increase in Hb concentration with CAPD is due to both a fall in plasma volume and an increase in red cell mass, with an increase in red cell survival. There was no change in Hb‐oxygen affinity or serum erythropoietin concentration. The improvement in red cell mass and survival may be related to increased clearances of substances with mol. wt.s between 500 and 5000 daltons which accumulate in renal failure (uraemic middle molecules).
Simplified Assay for Antithrombin III Activity Using Chromogenic Peptide Substrate
Authors: Handeland Grete Frantzen , Abildgaard Ulrich , Aasen Ansgar O. 
Published: August 2010

A simplified method for the assay of antithrombin III (AT) with the highly reactive thrombin substrate 2AcOH H‐D‐CHG‐Ala‐Arg‐pNA (substrate Th‐1) is described. The assay may be performed at either 30°C or 37°C, and alternatively with the substrate H‐D‐Phe‐Pip‐Arg‐pNA (S‐2238). The standard curve is linear in the 12.5–150% range. For routine assays, 3 standard dilutions of plasma are sufficient, and these may be stored at ‐20°C for 3 weeks. As only the test plasma must be diluted prior to the assay procedure, the test is more rapidly performed than previous manual assays.In 80 patients plasma samples, with AT in the 19–108% range, there was a high correlation with the results of immunoquantification (r = 0.96). There was also a high correlation betweeen the results obtained with the manual method and the automated version described using the Cobas‐Bio® Centrifugal Analyser and substrate Th‐1 (r = 0.96). Low AT levels in hereditary deficiency (particularly during heparin treatment), in liver cirrhosis, in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and heparin‐treated thrombosis were confirmed.
Fibrinolytic capacity after venous stasis in patients undergoing aorto‐coronary by‐pass surgery. Relation to shunt occlusion
Authors: ARNESEN HARALD , SEMB GUDMUND , HOL RAGNAR , KARLSEN HARALD 
Published: August 2010

In a prospective study 99 consecutive patients admitted for elective aorto‐coronary by‐pass surgery were subjected to estimation of their fibrinolytic capacity.Reevaluation after 16 months included shunt angiography and repeated testing of the fibrinolytic capacity.In the total material consisting of 244 grafts (2.7 per patient) 76 (31%) were occluded. In the subgroup of 24 patients with reduced fibrinolytic capacity, 25 (38%) of the 66 grafts were occluded as compared to 53 (30%) of the 178 grafts in patients with normal fibrinolytic capacity (p = 0.2). The number of grafts per patient and the values of the peroperatively measured blood flow in the grafts were similar in the 2 groups.Looking into the subgroup of grafts with “poor flow values” as measured peroperatively (≤ 35 ml/min), 14 (78%) of 18 grafts were occluded in patients with reduced fibrinolytic capacity, whereas 28 (53%) of 53 grafts were occluded in patients with normal fibrinolytic capacity (p = 0.06).In conclusion, the present study is thought to indicate that reduced fibrinolytic capacity might be an additional risk factor for graft occlusion in patients undergoing aorto‐coronary by‐pass surgery, particularly so in grafts where low blood flow values are obtained.
Hereditary Ring Sideroblastic Anaemia and Christmas Disease in a Swedish Family
Authors: Hast R. , Miale T. , Westin J. , Birgegård G. , Möller E. , Reizenstein P. , Teger‐Nilsson A.‐C. , Wetterberg L. 
Published: August 2010

The association of hereditary ring sideroblastic anaemia with Christmas disease in a Swedish family is described. We have studied the transmission of the sideroblastic trait, in relation to HLA groups and Christmas disease, and also evaluated the erythrocyte morphology, uroporphyrinogen‐I‐synthetase activity and S‐ferritin for the detection of latent cases of ring sideroblastic anaemia.The proband had ring sideroblastic anaemia, Christmas disease and haemochromatosis. 3 cases of ring sideroblastic anaemia were found among the 12 family members studied. Using the factor IX deficiency as a marker of the X chromosome, it appeared that autosomal transmission of the sideroblastic trait was most likely. The sideroblastic trait did not seem to be linked to HLA‐A3‐alloantigen.Erythrocyte morphology was normal in all non‐anaemic subjects. S‐ferritin was found to be increased in all 3 cases of sideroblastic anaemia as well as in 1 non‐anaemic relative. Erythrocyte uroporphyrinogen‐I‐synthetase was elevated in 10 of the 12 family members; those with sideroblastic anaemia had the highest values indicating that uroporphyrinogen‐I‐synthetase is of importance in the disturbed haem‐synthesis of ring sideroblastic anaemia. This interpretation is supported by the positive correlation between S‐ferritin values and the uroporphyrinogen‐I‐synthetase activity.
Red cell basic ferritin content of patients with megaloblastic anaemia due to vitamin B12 or folate deficiency
Authors: Van Der Weyden Martin B. , Fong Hubert 
Published: August 2010

The basic ferritin content of red cells was measured in patients with untreated megaloblastic anaemia. The red cell ferritin of 10 patients with anaemia and vitamin B12 deficiency (mean 579, range 68–2616 attogram (ag)/cell); and of 8 patients with folate deficiency (mean 792, range 141–2373 ag/cell) were significantly elevated (P < 0.001) compared with normal subjects (mean 10.7, range 4–47 ag/cell) and showed a significant correlation with pre‐treatment levels of plasma ferritin and less so with percent transferrin saturation. Following vitamin replacement elevated red cell ferritin levels decreased during the period of reticulocytosis and was normal in 9 patients evaluated after 6 months.The magnitude of increase in red cell basic ferritin levels observed in untreated megaloblastic anaemia is comparable to that of subjects with idiopathic haemochro‐matosis and suggests that interpretation of this index for iron overload should take into consideration concomitant body folate or vitamin B12 status.—
Mechanism of Aprindine Induced Agranulocytosis: Direct Toxicity on CFU‐C and CFU‐GEMM
Authors: Boogaerts M. A. , Peters M. , Peersman C. , Verwilghen R. L. , Kesteloot H. 
Published: August 2010

The in vitro bone marrow growth of 2 patients with aprindine‐induced agranulocytosis was studied. Granulocyte‐macrophage committed stem cell (CFU‐C) growth is inhibited by aprindine in a dose dependent manner. 50% inhibition of CFU‐colony growth (TD50) was seen at 5.1 and 3.4 μg aprindine/ml medium respectively. The TD50 of control marrow CFU‐C was 3.2 μg/ml. 100% inhibition was seen at 16 μg aprindine/ml, both in patients and controls.Pluripotential stem cell growth (CFU‐GEMM) in control marrow was equally inhibited in a dose dependent manner by aprindine, though to a lesser extent (TD50: 9.1 μg/ml) and with relative sparing of pure megakaryocyte and erythroid colonies. Co‐culturing of patients marrows with their respective acute phase serum did not inhibit CFU‐C growth.
Alterations in T‐lymphocyte subsets among Danish haemophiliacs: Relation to source of factor VIII preparations and high dose factor VIII treatment
Authors: Gerstoft J. , Bentsen K. , Scheibel E. , Dalsgård‐Nielsen J. , Gormsen J. , Dickmeiss E. 
Published: August 2010

Screening of 43 healthy Danish haemophiliacs revealed a significantly lower helper/suppressor (H/S) ratio than in controls. 8 of the haemophiliacs had an H/S ratio ≤ 1.0. A significant negative correlation occurred between the total lifetime factor VIII treatment and the H/S ratio. However, high‐dose factor VIII treatment given to patients with antibodies against factor VIII was not associated with immunological abnormalities. Children had a significantly higher H/S ratio than the adult haemophiliacs.Patients exclusively treated with Danish cryoprecipitate during the last year had a significantly higher H/S ratio than patients receiving preparations from other sources. This difference might, however, be explained by lower age and lower total lifetime dose in the group receiving Danish preparations. Haemophiliacs treated with American preparations did not differ immunologically from those treated with preparations of other origin. Total serum IgG was increased in 23% of the patients. This parameter was negatively correlated with the H/S ratio. The possible relation of the observed immunological alterations among otherwise healthy haemophiliacs to the acquired immune deficiency syndrome warrants further attention.