bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktuelle Stahlbauforschung für die Offshore‐Windenergie
Authors: Schaumann Peter , Böhm Manuela , Schierl Christopher , Shojai Sulaiman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDer vorliegende Aufsatz gibt zunächst einen Überblick über die derzeitige und zukünftige Entwicklung in der Offshore‐Windenergie. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf den stählernen Tragstrukturen. Hier dominieren die sog. Monopiles. Mit deutlich geringerer Anzahl werden Jacket‐Konstruktionen aus Rohrprofilen angewendet. Durch die hohen dynamischen Beanspruchungen und die gleichzeitig widrigen Umgebungsbedingungen auf See ergeben sich stahlbauspezifische Fragestellungen für die Forschung. Das Institut für Stahlbau der Leibniz University Hannover widmet sich diesen Themen seit nunmehr 25 Jahren. In diesem Beitrag werden drei stahlbautypische Themenstellungen adressiert: Verbindungstechnik, Stabilität und Ermüdung. Es geht zuerst um streckgrenzgesteuertes Anziehen vorgespannter Schraubenverbindungen mit hochfesten Schrauben. Dann wird über die nichtlineare numerische Traglastermittlung von Schalenkonstruktionen unter Axial‐ und Umfangsdruck berichtet, wie sie für die Auslegung von sog. Suction Buckets erforderlich ist. Zuletzt geht es darum, Forschungsarbeiten zur Quantifizierung des Einflusses der Korrosion auf die Ermüdungsfestigkeit vorzustellen.
Enzyme and Microwave Coassisted Extraction, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides from Baijiu Distillers' Grains
Authors: Li Lian , Zheng Jia , Yao Li , Wang Hong , Lv Yiyi , Huang Guichun , Qiu Shuyi , Zeng Xiangyong , Wei Chaoyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBaijiu distillers' grain is a solid waste after the fermentation of grains, and their high added value and deep processing and utilization require further study. This study uses the enzyme and microwave coassisted method to extract Baijiu distillers' grain polysaccharides (DGPs). Through optimization of the single‐factor test and response surface methodology (RSM), the optimal conditions are solid–liquid ratio 1:30, enzyme time 50 min, enzyme temperature 50 °C, enzyme pH 5.0, microwave time 6 min, and microwave power 480 W, with a maximum DGP yield of 3.98% ± 0.03. DGP is purified by DEAE‐Sepharose cellulose ion exchange chromatography to obtain four fractions, namely DGP‐1, DGP‐2, DGP‐3, and DGP‐4; the molecular weights are 2224.05, 90.99, 1478.16, and 346.19 kDa, respectively, and the main monosaccharide components are Man and Glc. The antioxidant assay shows that the four kinds of DGPs have different free radical scavenging capacities, among which DGP‐2, DGP‐3, and DGP‐4 have good antioxidant activities. Therefore, DGP can be used as a potential natural antioxidant.
Uncovering gaps in women's authorship: A big data analysis in academic surgery
Authors: Freire Camila Verônica S. , Campos Letícia Nunes , Rangel Ayla Gerk , Naus Abbie , Wagemaker Sofia , Brandão Gabriela Rangel , Schlindwein Sofia Schmitt , Feres Brenda , de Araújo Grisi Gabriel , Mooney David P. , Ferreira Júlia Loyola , Ferreira Roseanne 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionWomen are underrepresented in surgical authorship. Using big data analyses, we aimed to investigate women's representation as first and last authors in surgical publications worldwide and identify underlying predictors.MethodsWe retrieved eligible surgical journals using Scimago Journal & Country Rank 2021. We queried articles indexed in PubMed from selected journals published between January 2018 and April 2022. We used the EDirect tool to extract bibliometric data, including first and last authors' names, primary affiliation country, and publication year. Countries and dependent territories were classified following World Bank income levels and regions. Women's representation was predicted from forenames using the Gender‐API software. Citations were included if gender accuracy was ≥80%.ResultsWe analyzed 210,853 citations containing both first and last authors' forenames, representing 158 countries and 14 territories. Women constituted 23.8% (50,161/210,853) of the first and 14.7% (31,069/210,853) of the last authors. High‐income economies had more women as first authors than other income categories (p < 0.001), but fewer women as last authors than upper‐middle‐ and lower‐middle‐income economies (p < 0.001). The odds of the first author being a woman were more than three times higher when the last author was also a woman (OR 3.21, 95% CI 3.13–3.30) and vice versa (OR 3.25, 95% CI 3.16–3.34) after adjusting for income level and publication year.ConclusionsWomen remain globally underrepresented in surgical authorship. Our findings urge concerted global efforts to overcome identified disparities.
Last Tendencies in Acquiring Text Competence in the Field of Tourism. The Case of Chatbots and AI
Authors: de la Torre Madueño María Dolores Fernández 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOur aim is to propose the usage of generative Artificial Intelligence, hereafter AI, while lecturing, as a complement to the traditional methodology, to ease technological skills acquisition in the related AI. Widely spread in all aspects of cultural life and professional praxis worldwide, it is of key importance in the training of our professional to be. In Malaga University’s Degree of Tourism, in subjects dealing with English for tourism management, we shall concentrate on chatbots aided by AI, in order to make a literary review to see the state of the question and to reflect on the needed changes to implement these tools. We shall try to outline the characteristics, possibilities, advantages and disadvantages, and the influence on both students and lecturers alike of the usage of AI in chatbots to deal with outcoming texts. Direct interaction with the tools will be highlighted. Of key importance is training lecturers in the productive use of “prompt engineering”. To conclude, handling specialised texts in the field of tourism by means of chatbots might help lecturers’ awareness and responsibility for right use to obtain semi-specialised and specialised texts in the field of tourism in order to understand, extract and evaluate its pertinence.
Capturing the Wealth and Diversity of Learning Processes with Learning Analytics Methods
Authors: López-Pernas Sonsoles , Misiejuk Kamila , Kaliisa Rogers , Conde-González Miguel Ángel , Saqr Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe unique position of learning analytics at the intersection of education and computer science while reaching out to several other disciplines such as statistics, psychometrics, econometrics, mathematics, and linguistics has accelerated the growth and expansion of the field. Therefore, it is a crucial endeavor for learning analytics researchers to stay abreast of the latest methodological and computational advances to drive their research forward. The diversity and complexity of the existing methods can make this task overwhelming both for newcomers to the learning analytics field and for experienced researchers. With the motivation to accompany researchers in this challenging journey, the book “Learning Analytics Methods and Tutorials—A Practical Guide Using R” aims to provide a methodological guide for researchers to study, consult, and take the first steps toward innovation in the learning analytics field. Thanks to the unique wealth of authors’ backgrounds and expertise, which include authors of R packages and experts in methods and applications, the book offers a comprehensive array of methods that are described thoroughly with a primer on their usage in prior research in education. These methods include sequence analysis, Markov models, factor analysis, process mining, network analysis, predictive modeling, and cluster analysis among others. A step-by-step tutorial using the R programming language with real-life datasets and case studies is presented for each method. In addition, the initial chapters are devoted to getting novice researchers up to speed with the R programming learners and the basics of data analysis. The present chapter serves as an introduction to the book describing its main aim and intended audience. It describes the structure of the book and the methods covered by each chapter. It also points the readers to the companion code and data repositories to facilitate following the tutorials present in the book chapter.
Psychological Networks: A Modern Approach to Analysis of Learning and Complex Learning Processes
Authors: Saqr Mohammed , Beck Emorie , López-Pernas Sonsoles 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the examination of psychological phenomena within educational environments, a multitude of variables come into play, and these variables have the potential to interact with, trigger, and exert influence on one another. To grasp the complex dependencies among these variables, investigating the linear associations between each variable pair is not enough. Instead, this complexity demands the application of more advanced techniques that capture the full spectrum of interactions between these variables. One of such techniques is psychological networks. In contrast to social networks, where nodes typically represent individuals and edges signify their interactions or relationships, psychological networks differ in that the nodes represent observed psychological variables, and the edges denote the statistical relationships between them. This chapter serves as an introduction to psychological networks within educational research, offering a tutorial on their estimation, visualization, and interpretation using the R programming language.
Performance Analyzes of Thermodynamic Indices and Atmospheric Parameters in Thunderstorm and Non-thunderstorm Days in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Yavuz Veli 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the thunderstorm (TS) events in the megacity Istanbul by using thermodynamic indices and atmospheric stability parameters for the period of 2001–2022. It was determined that TS events did not show any trend on an annual basis, mostly (%69) occurred in the warm season (May–September), and mostly (%93) lasted for a few hours (0–3 h). The thermodynamic indices and atmospheric stability parameters used in the study are Showalter Index (SI), Lifted Index (LI), Severe Weather Threat Index (SWEAT), K-Index (KI), Totals Totals Index (TTI), Convective Available Potential Energy (CAPE), Convective Inhibition (CIN), and Bulk Richardson Number (BRN). Annual and seasonal analyzes of all indices and parameters were performed for TS and non-TS events. Significant differences were found in both average, maximum, and minimum values. The Probability of Detection (POD), False Alarm Ratio (FAR), Miss Rate (MR), Critical Success Index (CIS), Hiedke Skill Score (HSS), and True Skill Score (TSS) were used to analyze the success of the threshold values presented in the literature in detecting TS events. Then, the seasonal successes of these threshold values were tested. It was observed that the performance of the selected indices varied across seasons. The highest predictive skill was generally observed during the summer season, with the POD value ranging between 0.58 and 0.97 and the TSS value varying between 0.32 and 0.57. Conversely, the lowest predictive skill was typically observed during the winter season, where the POD value ranged from 0.00 to 0.75 and the TSS value varied between 0.00 and 0.40. The ideal threshold values were determined for indices and parameters by increasing or decreasing the existing threshold values at certain rates. Success increases of up to 15% in skill scores for the proposed threshold values.
Arbeitsschutz für Rechtsmedizinerinnen während Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit – Teil 2: praktische Empfehlungen
Authors: Schäffer Benno , Ochmann Uta , Graw Matthias 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Arbeitsschutz in Schwangerschaft und Stillzeit bedarf der Zusammenarbeit von Arbeitgeber, Betriebsarzt und Schwangeren oder Stillenden.

Methode
Die Arbeit beruht auf selektiver Literaturrecherche. Praktische Empfehlungen wurden herausgearbeitet.

Ergebnisse
Der Arbeitgeber beurteilt den Arbeitsplatz nach mutterschutzrelevanten Gefährdungen. Dies umfasst u. a. Infektionsgefährdung und Gefahrstoffe. Eine Positivliste enthält alle Tätigkeiten, die Schwangere und Stillende in einem bestimmten Arbeitsbereich ausführen können.

Diskussion
Die manuelle Teilnahme an der Präparation kann möglich sein. Dies obliegt grundsätzlich der Gefährdungsbeurteilung durch den Arbeitgeber. Betriebsärzte können auch hierbei unterstützen.
LINC00525 enhances ZNF460-regulated CD24 expression through the sponge miR-125a-5p to promote malignant progression of breast cancer
Authors: Wang Jun , Shi Ji , Xiang Yuan , Wang Zhi-Wen , Qi Fei-Fei , Li Zi-Yi , Zhao Li-Li , Zhu Guan-Hua , Duan Yuan-Yuan , Yang Zhong-Yi , Li Jia-Peng , Liao Xing-Hua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
CD24 is a highly glycosylated glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored membrane protein that plays an important role in tumor progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of abnormal expression of CD24 on the proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer (BC) cells, and the molecular mechanism of regulating CD24 expression in breast cancer.

Methodology
The bioinformatics method was used to predict the expression level of CD24 in BC and its relationship with the occurrence and development of BC. IHC, RT-qPCR and WB were used to detect the expression of CD24 in BC tissues and cells. The proliferation of CD24 was evaluated by CCK-8 and colony formation assay, and the migration and invasion of CD24 were evaluated by wound healing and transwell. In addition, the effect of CD24 on the malignancy of BC in vivo was further evaluated by subcutaneous tumorigenesis assay. Molecular mechanisms were measured by luciferase reporter assays, biotin-labeled miRNA pull-down assay, RIP, and western blotting.

Results
The results show that CD24 is highly expressed in breast cancer tissues and cell lines, and knockdown of CD24 in vivo and in vitro can inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of BC cells. Mechanistically, the transcription factor ZNF460 promotes its expression by binding to the CD24 promoter, and the expression of ZNF460 is regulated by miR-125a-5p, which inhibits its expression by targeting the 3’UTR of ZNF460. In addition, LINC00525 acts as a ceRNA sponge to adsorb miR-125a-5p and regulate its expression.

Conclusions
Overexpression of CD24 is involved in the development and poor prognosis of BC, which can be used as a potential target for the treatment of BC and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of BC.
Port-Hamiltonian descriptor systems are relative generically controllable and stabilizable
Authors: Ilchmann Achim , Kirchhoff Jonas , Schaller Manuel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present work is a successor of Ilchmann and Kirchhoff (Math Control Signals Syst 33:359–377, 2021) on generic controllability and of Ilchmann and Kirchhoff (Math Control Signals Syst 35:45–76, 2022) on relative generic controllability of linear differential-algebraic equations. We extend the result from general, unstructured differential-algebraic equations to differential-algebraic equations of port-Hamiltonian type. We derive results on relative genericity. These findings are the basis for characterizing relative generic controllability of port-Hamiltonian systems in terms of dimensions. A similar result is proved for relative generic stabilizability.
EGMR-Klimaurteil und EU-Umweltgesetzgebung: die EU-RenaturierungsVO
Authors: Frenz Walter 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDas EGMR-Klimaurteil vom 9.4.2024 ist genauso bahnbrechend wie der BVerfG-Klimabeschluss und geht
weiter, indem es die Bekämpfung der Klimafolgen und daher die heutigen Lebensumstände etwa in
Form von Hitzewellen gleichgewichtig herausarbeitet. Dadurch ist zugleich der Bezug zum Naturschutz viel
enger, wie anhand der immer noch nicht verabschiedeten EU-RenaturierungsVO dargestellt wird. Tiefergehend
werden die Perspektiven für die EU-Umweltgesetzgebung aufgezeigt, obwohl die EU kein Vertragsstaat
der EMRK ist: Auch für sie hat aber spätestens jetzt ein EU-Klimagrundrecht zu gelten (Art. 52
Abs. 3 EGRC).
Problem Solving in Dance/Movement Therapy Research: Developing an Intervention Protocol for Adults Living with Treatment Resistant Depression
Authors: Christopher Neha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDance/movement therapy (DMT) research requires creative and innovative thinking; this paper includes two parts demonstrating this. Part one describes and delves into the creative problem solving process undertaken over 2.5 years. Four main steps were followed towards developing an intervention session plan for a first-of-its-kind DMT study in treatment resistant depression: (i) Examining pre-existing knowledge: Reviewing insights gained from clinical practice and formal literature. (ii) Assessing the need for preliminary studies: This step demonstrates how to determine and navigate the potential need for preliminary studies in novel research. (iii) Integrating existing and new research: I discuss Watson’s (Watson, Sociological Research Online 25:66–83, 2020) braiding technique and how it may help integrate insights from steps one and two. (iv) Reviewing outputs: This includes examining the developed session plan by conducting a fidelity and biases check. Each step presents reflective questions that ultimately contributed towards protocol development. The questions listed may also be a beneficial guide to novice DMT researchers embarking on novel research.
Long-term patterns and mechanisms of plant invasions in forests: the role of forest age and land-use history
Authors: Jones Chad C. , Yamamoto Matthew H. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt has become increasingly apparent that even mature forests are susceptible to plant invasions. However, invasive plants are often more abundant in younger forest stands. It is difficult to disentangle possible mechanisms that would explain this pattern due to the scarcity of long-term studies in successional forests. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain patterns of invasions as forests age, including biotic resistance, window of opportunity, historical legacies, and invasion debt. We explored patterns and potential mechanisms of plant invasions over 70 years in a regenerating forest with different land-use histories in the Bolleswood Natural Area, Connecticut, USA. We examined how environmental factors related to colonization patterns of invasive and non-invasive introduced species over time, and whether these patterns were consistent with the proposed mechanisms. Non-invasive introduced species declined rapidly with canopy closure, while many invasive plants persisted or even increased over time as the forest aged. Colonization was focused in younger post-agricultural areas, although this declined with time. Dispersal distance, soil conditions, and land-use history played important roles in patterns of colonization, while the effect of shading was less clear. There was some evidence for each mechanism, but the relative importance of each mechanism was species-dependent, making generalizations about how invasive plants invade forests difficult. We found that land-use history impacted invasion more strongly than forest age, but over time even mature forests were slowly being invaded by some species. Thus, invasive species management may be required even in mature forests.
The Impact of Foreign Stock Market Indices on Predictions Volatility of the WIG20 Index Rates of Return Using Neural Networks
Authors: Fraszka-Sobczyk Emilia , Zakrzewska Aleksandra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper investigates the issue of volatility of stock index returns on the Warsaw Stock Exchange (WIG20 index returns volatility). The purpose of this review is to compare how other stock market indexes as HANG SENG, NIKKEI 225, FTSE 250, DAX, S&P 500 and NASDAQ 100 influance the volatility of WIG20 index returns. The innovation of this work is the usage of a new neural network with three different activation functions to predict future volatility of WIG20 index returns. The input for this network is the last 3 values of WIG20 index returns volatility and the last 3 values of one of the considered foreign index returns volatility. As measurements for the best forecasting performance of neural networks are taken common used forecast errors: ME (mean error), MPE (mean percentage error), MAE (mean absolute error), MAPE (mean absolute percentage error), RMSE (root mean square error). The study shows that the Polish stock market is mainly influenced by the European and US markets.
Cultivar-Specific Defense Responses in Wild and Cultivated Squash Induced by Belowground and Aboveground Herbivory
Authors: Ye Wenfeng , Di Caprio Leandro , Bruno Pamela , Jaccard Charlyne , Bustos-Segura Carlos , Arce Carla C. M. , Benrey Betty 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPlant domestication often alters plant traits, including chemical and physical defenses against herbivores. In squash, domestication leads to reduced levels of cucurbitacins and leaf trichomes, influencing interactions with insects. However, the impact of domestication on inducible defenses in squash remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated the chemical and physical defensive traits of wild and domesticated squash (Cucurbita argyrosperma), and compared their responses to belowground and aboveground infestation by the root-feeding larvae and the leaf-chewing adults of the banded cucumber beetle Diabrotica balteata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Wild populations contained cucurbitacins in roots and cotyledons but not in leaves, whereas domesticated varieties lacked cucurbitacins in all tissues. Belowground infestation by D. balteata larvae did not increase cucurbitacin levels in the roots but triggered the expression of cucurbitacin biosynthetic genes, irrespective of domestication status, although the response varied among different varieties. Conversely, whereas wild squash had more leaf trichomes than domesticated varieties, the induction of leaf trichomes in response to herbivory was greater in domesticated plants. Leaf herbivory varied among varieties but there was a trend of higher leaf damage on wild squash than domesticated varieties. Overall, squash plants responded to both belowground and aboveground herbivory by activating chemical defense-associated gene expression in roots and upregulating their physical defense in leaves, respectively. While domestication suppressed both chemical and physical defenses, our findings suggest that it may enhance inducible defense mechanisms by increasing trichome induction in response to herbivory.