bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promoting Teachers’ Wellbeing Using a Compassionate Mind Training Intervention: Exploring Mechanisms of Change
Authors: Matos Marcela , Galhardo Ana , Palmeira Lara , Albuquerque Isabel , Cunha Marina , Lima Margarida Pedroso , Maratos Frances A. , Gilbert Paul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
The current study aimed to examine the mechanisms of change of a compassionate mind training intervention for teachers (CMT-T). In particular, we examined whether changes in the three flows of compassion, fears of compassion, and emotions at work (safe, drive, and threat) mediated the effects of the CMT-T in burnout, depression, anxiety, and stress, and in overall positive affect.

Methods
As part of a two-arm randomized controlled trial and a stepped-wedge design, the study included all participants who completed the 8-week CMT-T intervention either at Time 1 or at Time 2 (n = 103). At pre- and post-intervention, participants completed measures of compassion, fears of compassion, emotional climate in the workplace, burnout, psychopathological symptoms, and positive affect.

Results
Mediation analyses revealed that increases in the flows of compassion and reductions in fears of compassion from others mediated the effects of CMT-T on teachers' depression, anxiety, stress, and burnout levels. In the case of the reduction in stress symptoms from pre- to post-intervention, compassion for self, fears of self-compassion, and fears of receiving compassion from others emerged as significant mediators of this change. The three flows of compassion and fears of compassion (for self and from others) were significant mediators of the impact of CMT-T on changes in teachers’ anxiety levels from baseline to post-intervention. A decrease in fears of compassion from others and an increase in drive emotions mediated changes in depressive symptoms following CMT-T. Concerning burnout, all flows of compassion and fear of compassion from others mediated the changes from baseline to post-intervention. Changes in positive affect following CMT-T were mediated by increases in the flows of compassion, and emotions related to soothing-safeness and drive systems in the workplace. Serial mediational models showed that the effect of CMT-T on teachers’ burnout was partially mediated by reductions in fears of compassion (for self and from others) and stress.

Conclusions
CMT-T effectively improves teachers’ wellbeing and reduces burnout and psychological distress through the cultivation of their ability to experience, direct, and be open to compassion, and the strengthening of the soothing-safeness and the drive systems in the school context.

Preregistration
The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: identifier, NCT05107323; Compassionate Schools: Feasibility and Effectiveness Study of a Compassionate Mind Training Program to Promote Teachers Wellbeing.
Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Health Insurance Coverage: If, How, and When? An Integrated Knowledge Translation (iKT) Delphi Key Informant Analysis
Authors: Frank Hannah E. , Albanese Ariana , Sun Shufang , Saadeh Frances , Johnson Blair T. , Elwy A. Rani , Loucks Eric B. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Hundreds of trials have evaluated Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), but in the United States, it is generally not covered by health insurance. Consequently, the aims were to identify the following: (1) key questions to make decisions about if, how, and when MBSR should be covered by health insurance; (2a) barriers and (2b) facilitators to understand and resolve for MBSR to be covered by health insurance; and (3) highest priority evidence needed to inform health insurance coverage decisions.

Methods
Key informants (n = 26) included health insurers, healthcare administrators, policymakers, clinicians, MBSR instructors, and MBSR students. An initial pool of items related to the study aims was generated through qualitative interviews. Through the Delphi process, participants rated, discussed, and re-rated each item’s relevance. Items were required to reach a consensus of ≥ 80% agreement to be retained for final inclusion.

Results
Of the original 149 items, 42 (28.2%) met the ≥ 80% agreement criterion and were retained for final inclusion. The most highly rated items informing whether MBSR should be covered by health insurance included research demonstrating that MBSR works and that it is not harmful. The most highly rated barriers to coverage were that MBSR is not a medical treatment and patient barriers to attendance. Highly rated facilitators included the potential of MBSR to address common mental health and psychosomatic problems. Finally, understanding what conditions are effectively treated with MBSR and the impact of MBSR on stress were rated as the highest priority evidence needed to inform health insurance coverage decisions.

Conclusions
Findings highlight priorities for future research and policy efforts to advance health insurance coverage of MBSR in the United States.
The Role of China’s Standards of English Language Ability (CSE) Assessment Literacy in Promoting Teachers’ Language Assessment Literacy Profiles: Evidence from Chinese University EFL Teachers
Authors: Yin Tingting , Fang Xiucai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Released in 2018, China’s Standards of English Language Ability (CSE) set a benchmark for language education and assessment in China, integrating with international standards. This study investigates whether CSE assessment literacy (understanding and applying CSE standards in assessment practice) enhances Language Assessment Literacy (LAL) among 233 university EFL teachers in China. Using a self-designed questionnaire assessing current LAL and CSE assessment literacy, the findings indicate that the teachers’ self-assessed LAL, classified into high, moderate, and low LAL profiles, was generally unsatisfactory. Awareness of the principles was highest in teachers with a moderate LAL profile and was minimal in teachers with a low profile. Proficiency in “CSE Background,” “Competence Classification,” and “Table Scales” was closely linked to elevated LAL profiles. Specifically, “CSE Background” improved LAL across low and moderate profiles, while “Competence Classification” and “Table Scales” mainly benefited the moderate profile, informing effective LAL and CSE training strategies.
Fuelling the Future with Safe Hydrogen Transportation Through Natural Gas Pipelines: A Quantitative Risk Assessment Approach
Authors: Amer Mohamed Omar , Hoseyni Seyed Mojtaba , Cordiner Joan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe global transition to clean and sustainable energy sources has sparked interest in hydrogen as a potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Efficient and safe transportation of hydrogen is crucial for its integration into the energy network. One approach is utilizing existing natural gas infrastructure, but it introduces unique challenges. Hydrogen has distinct characteristics that pose potential hazards, requiring careful consideration for safe transportation through natural gas pipelines. Moreover, the absence of field data on component failure rates adds to the existing uncertainty in Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA) for hydrogen transportation. QRA plays a vital role in enabling the safe deployment of hydrogen transportation through existing pipelines and is increasingly integrated into the permitting process. The lack of data impedes the comprehensive understanding of risks associated with hydrogen transportation. This paper aims not only to analyse the effects of hydrogen blending ratios on gas dispersion, release rates, jet fires, and explosions in natural gas pipelines, but also highlight the disparities in leak frequencies currently used for hydrogen or blended hydrogen. A QRA for hydrogen blending in natural gas pipelines is novel and timely because the behaviour of hydrogen in natural gas pipelines, a novel process with potential hazards, is not fully understood. Conducting a thorough QRA on hydrogen blending in gas pipelines, our study reveals innovative insights: higher blending ratios reduce release rates, impact safe distances, and maintain stable flame lengths. Despite an elevated explosion risk, scenarios remained below lethal overpressure values. This paper offers unique contributions to safety considerations in hydrogen transportation, guiding stakeholders toward informed decisions for a secure and sustainable energy future.
Solving QUBO problems with cP systems
Authors: Ciencialová Lucie , Dinneen Michael J. , Nicolescu Radu , Cienciala Luděk 
Published: May 2024

AbstractP systems with compound terms (cP systems) have been proposed by Radu Nicolescu in 2018. These expressive cP systems have been used to solve well-known NP-complete problems efficiently, such as the Hamiltonian path, traveling salesman, 3-coloring, and software verification problems. In this paper, we use cP systems to provide an efficient parallel solution to the integer-valued quadratic unconstrained Boolean optimization (QUBO) problem.
In-situ reinforcement of AA6063/Al2O3 hybrid composite: comparative wear and hardness evaluation of Manihot esculenta and green Plantago major particulates
Authors: Ben Festus , Olubambi Peter A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe AA6063 alloy, renowned for its resistance against corrosion and favourable mechanical properties, has limited applications within the automotive and aerospace sectors owing to its reduced hardness and wear properties. Manihot esculenta and Plantago major are essential food crops contributing to environmental pollution. This study repurposes the Manihot esculenta peel ash (MEPA) and Plantago major peel ash (PMPA) as innovative reinforcements for the in-situ fabrication of Al2O3/AA6063 hybrid and monolithic composites (HMCs) using the two-step stir casting method. MEPA/Al2O3/AA6063 and PMPA/Al2O3/AA6063 HMCs, fabricated with novel weight percentage variations of 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 10%, underwent mechanical and tribological investigations. Although previous studies have examined the physio-mechanical properties of MEPA and PMPA in hybrid composites, their tribological performance remains unexplored. Additionally, using MEPA and PMPA as reinforcing elements in a monolithic aluminium matrix is novel. Oxide compositions and chemical constituents in MEPA and PMPA powders were determined, with fabricated MHCs characterized for SEM and energy-dispersive X-ray studies. Results revealed the presence of hard particulates, including SiO2 (44%), Al2O3 (16%), K2O (13%), CaO (12%), and Fe2O3 (8%) in MEPA powders, while PMPA powders were dominated by K2O (81%). Morphological studies showed uniform dispersion of reinforcements within the matrix. Composite hardness and wear resistance improved with rising MEPA weight ratios, contrasting with decreasing trends in PMPA particulates. Comparatively, MEPA showed a superior impact on the hardness and tribological performance of Al2O3/AA6063 HMCs compared to PMPA These findings highlight MEPA and PMPA as sustainable engineering solutions for aluminium matrix reinforcement.
Evaluating Return on Investment for Cyberinfrastructure Using the International Integrated Reporting <IR> Framework
Authors: Snapp-Childs Winona G. , Hart David L. , Costa Claudia M. , Wernert Julie A. , Jankowski Harmony E. , Towns John W. , Stewart Craig A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the return on investment (ROI) in cyberinfrastructure (CI) facilities and services by comparing the value of end products created to the cost of operations. We assessed the cost of a US CI facility called XSEDE and the value of the end products created using this facility, categorizing end products according to the International Integrated Reporting Framework. The US federal government invested approximately $0.3B in operating the XSEDE ecosystem from 2016–2022. The estimated value of end products facilitated by XSEDE ranges from around $4.7B to $22.7B or more. Credit for the majority of these end products is shared among various contributors, including the XSEDE ecosystem. Granting the XSEDE ecosystem a seemingly reasonable percentage of credit for its contributions to end product creation suggests that the return on federal investment in the XSEDE ecosystem, in terms of value of end products created, was greater than one and possibly far greater than one. The Framework proved useful for addressing this question. Earlier work showed that the value of services provided by XSEDE was significantly greater than the cost of those services to the US federal government—a positive return on investment for delivery of services. Analyzing the financial efficiency of operations and the financial value of end products are two means for assessing the success of CI facilities in financial terms. Financial analyses should be used as one of many approaches for evaluating the success of CI facilities.
Design of Cost Efficient VBIR Technique Using ICA and IVCA
Authors: Pradeep Kumar B. P. , Srinidhi N. N. , Shiva Darshan S. L. , Naresh E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith an emphasis on early-stage contrast agent transit through tumour vasculature, this study presents Adaptive Complex Independent Components Analysis (ACICA) as a unique method for evaluating intravascular responsiveness in prostatic tissue. Furthermore, a new SVM clustering method is introduced that outperforms the conventional k-means clustering for image retrieval based on vision. The study emphasises how dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) may be improved in conjunction with quantitative analysis. Within the field of DCE-MRI, ACICA stands out as a unique intravascular attention measurer. Utilising the spatial independence of extravascular and intravascular magnetic resonance imaging (MR) data, ACICA offers a strong foundation for DCE-MRI image analysis. It incorporates pharmacokinetic modelling to optimise the time lag, especially useful for arterial curves, and a reference region (RR)-based technique to adjust the intravascular concentration curve. The model's evaluation yields outstanding results, with recall and accuracy ranging from 83 to 99% and 82.8% to 99.6%, respectively. The average recall and precision across datasets are 92.86% and 92.82%).All things considered, this study demonstrates the effectiveness of ACICA in evaluating intravascular responsiveness and presents viable paths for enhancing clinical results and diagnostic precision in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Comparison of Sleep Apnea Questionnaires and Reported Diagnosis in Neurological Disorders of Aging
Authors: Gomes Teresa , Benedetti Andrea , Postuma Ron , Rizzo Dorrie , Baltzan Marc , Kimoff Richard John , Kaminska Marta 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT :Background:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with worse outcomes in stroke, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), but diagnosis is challenging in these groups. We aimed to compare the prevalence of high risk of OSA based on commonly used questionnaires and self-reported OSA diagnosis: 1. within groups with stroke, AD, PD and the general population (GP); 2. Between neurological groups and GP.Methods:Individuals with stroke, PD and AD were identified in the Canadian Longitudinal Study of Aging (CLSA) by survey. STOP, STOP-BAG, STOP-B28 and GOAL screening tools and OSA self-report were compared by the Chi-squared test. Logistic regression was used to compare high risk/self-report of OSA, in neurological conditions vs. GP, adjusted for confounders.Results:We studied 30,097 participants with mean age of 62.3 years (SD 10.3) (stroke n = 1791; PD n = 175; AD n = 125). In all groups, a positive GOAL was the most prevalent, while positive STOP was least prevalent among questionnaires. Significant variations in high-risk OSA were observed between different questionnaires across all groups. Under 1.5% of individuals self-reported OSA. While all questionnaires suggested a higher prevalence of OSA in stroke than the GP, for PD and AD, there was heterogeneity depending on questionnaire.Conclusions:The wide range of prevalences of high risk of OSA resulting from commonly used screening tools underscores the importance of validating them in older adults with neurological disorders. OSA was self-reported in disproportionately small numbers across groups, suggesting that OSA is underdiagnosed in older adults or underreported by patients, which is concerning given its increasingly recognized impact on brain health.
Quasimaps to moduli spaces of sheaves on a surface
Authors: Nesterov Denis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this article, we study quasimaps to moduli spaces of sheaves on a

$K3$

surface S. We construct a surjective cosection of the obstruction theory of moduli spaces of

$\epsilon $

-stable quasimaps. We then establish reduced wall-crossing formulas which relate the reduced Gromov–Witten theory of moduli spaces of sheaves on S and the reduced Donaldson–Thomas theory of

$S\times C$

, where C is a nodal curve. As applications, we prove the Hilbert-schemes part of the Igusa cusp form conjecture; higher-rank/rank-one Donaldson–Thomas correspondence with relative insertions on

$S\times C$

, if

$g(C)\leq 1$

; Donaldson–Thomas/Pandharipande–Thomas correspondence with relative insertions on

$S\times \mathbb {P}^1$

.
Do Minorities Feel Welcome in Politics? A Cross-Cultural Study of the United States and Sweden
Authors: Lajevardi Nazita , Mårtensson Moa , Vernby Kåre 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRacial and ethnic minorities are underrepresented in most Western democracies. This article investigates one potential root cause behind this pattern: minority and majority citizens might expect to feel discriminated against if they enter politics. Using data from three large-scale surveys, we find that minorities in both the United States and Sweden are less likely to expect to feel welcome than the majority population. These discrepancies in expected discrimination persist, even after controlling for other factors. Moreover, expected discrimination is not without political consequences: those who expect to feel less welcome are less likely to indicate an interest in running for political office. Finally, these results do not differ for politically engaged citizens who constitute a more realistic pool of potential candidates. We conclude by discussing what expectations of discrimination can tell us about the fairness of the political system and how these attitudes shape political ambition among minorities.
Public Preferences Over Changes to the Composition of Government Tax Revenue
Authors: Barnes Lucy , de Romémont Julia , Lauderdale Benjamin E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHow governments raise tax revenue is at the core of domestic political conflict. Public opinion towards taxation is measured generally and qualitatively by many surveys, but previous research has not closely linked public preferences to the budget problem faced by governments regarding how best to raise or cut a marginal quantity of revenue. We present results from a novel tax preference experiment in which UK respondents are given choices over different tax ‘levers’ that are expected to raise or cut equal revenue. We find that while different tax levers vary substantially in their popularity, there is a ‘hidden consensus’ regarding different tax levers across income levels and partisanship of the respondents.
Factors influencing the variation in canopy light extinction coefficient (k) among pisifera parents of two oil palm origins
Authors: Breure Cornelis J. 
Published: May 2024

Summary
The canopy light extinction coefficient (k) is defined as the exponential decline in the amount of light passing through the leaf layers as a function of leaf area index (LAI). This definition is standard in oil palm breeding trials and models of canopy photosynthesis, where k is sometimes assumed to have a fixed value. The present experiment aims to validate the alleged constancy of k. Therefore, k was inferred from the fractional transmission of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and LAI, as obtained from dura x pisifera test crosses of Nigeria and Ghana pisifera origins. The palms were planted at two densities (135 and 160 palms ha−1) in North Sumatra in 2010. At the age of 7.5 years after planting, the area of newly opened leaves approached a maximum. Transmission of PAR remained very low and was only weakly related to k. By contrast, LAI exerted a strong negative effect on k, which generated, under both densities, considerable differences in k between both origins and among pisifera within an origin. The assumption of applying a fixed k value for a certain genotype or palm density, as obtained during leaf expansion at closed canopy, may therefore not be realistic. The present study suggests that the relationship of k with LAI over time merits further investigation, starting just before canopy closure.
A pragmatics-cognitive approach to the opposition relations lexicalized in Chinese
Authors: Zuo Baiyao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Contrast, adversative and corrective can all be represented by er in Classical Chinese, but they are lexicalized respectively by er, danshi and ershi in Modern Chinese. The two lexicalization systems suggest that the opposition relations have commonalities as well as differences. In the framework of relevance theory and ‘three domains’, this study argues that the three opposition relations are in different cognitive domains, at different representational levels, and trigger different inferences, which accounts for their diverse lexicalizations in Modern Chinese. The opposition relations also have cognitive or metaphorical connections with each other, which justifies their unified actualization in Classical Chinese. The pragmatics-cognitive framework could also account for interlinguistic data.
Age and growth of bigfin reef squid, Sepioteuthis lessoniana (Cephalopoda: Loliginidae), in Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve, Indian Ocean
Authors: Kavitha Mookaiah , Sasikumar Geetha , Linga Prabu Dhanasekaran , Laxmilatha Pappurajam , Sajikumar Kurichithara K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Statolith growth increments were analysed in the bigfin reef squid, Sepioteuthis lessoniana lineage B, for estimating the age and growth in the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve (GOM), southeast coast of India. The identification of S. lessoniana lineage B was determined by mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene sequence. The statolith increment age analysis indicated that the wild-captured squid population of S. lessoniana in the study area undergoes rapid growth. The age of S. lessoniana in males ranged from 61 (95 mm dorsal mantle length (DML)) to 220 d (390 mm DML), while it was 64 (98 mm DML) to 199 d (340 mm DML) in females. The average daily growth rate in males and females was 1.63 and 1.55 mm DML d−1, respectively. The instantaneous growth rate varied from 0.85 (210 d) to 4.1% (110 d) for males and 0.65 (190 d) to 3.7% (110 d) for females. The age at first maturity was 114 and 120 d for males and females, respectively. Back-calculated hatching dates and the attainment of maturity in females suggested that the reproduction of S. lessoniana is year-round, with two distinct spawning peaks during July–August and February months; accordingly, the hatching dates were spread throughout the year, with the presence of two cohorts. Based on the statolith data, it can be concluded that S. lessoniana lineage B in the GOM has a potential lifespan of up to 7 months. This finding contradicts the previous growth estimates based on length-frequency data, which underestimated the true growth potential of this species.