bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of Possible Mechanisms of Escherichia coli Inactivation by Plasma Treated Sodium Chloride Solution
Authors: Oehmigen Katrin , Winter Jörn , Hähnel Marcel , Wilke Christian , Brandenburg R. , Weltmann Klaus‐Dieter , von Woedtke Thomas 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTreatment of aqueous liquids by surface‐DBD in atmospheric air resulted in bactericidal activity of the liquid itself. A 7 min treatment of sodium chloride (NaCl) solution and its immediate addition to Escherichia coli resulted in a complete bacteria inactivation (≥7 log) after 15 min exposure time. With a 30 min delay between plasma treatment of liquid and its addition to the bacteria, bactericidal effect was reduced but still detectable. Nitrate (${\rm NO}_{2}^{{-} } $), nitrite (${\rm NO}_{2}^{{-} } $), and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), respectively, as well as strong acidification are detected in plasma treated liquids and can explain this bactericidal activity partially. Combination of 1.5 mg · L−1 ${\rm NO}_{2}^{{-} } $ and 2.5 mg · L−1 H2O2 at pH 3 results in maximum 3.5 log E. coli reduction within 60 min. Plasma diagnostics and liquid analytics are combined with theoretical considerations to focus possible reaction channels of plasma–water interactions. Using FT‐IR, stable molecules like nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone (O3), carbon dioxide (CO2), and traces of nitric acid (HNO3) and/or peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) were measured. Reactions of these molecules from the plasma/gas phase with the aqueous liquid can result in acidification and generation of H2O2, ${\rm NO}_{2}^{{-} } $, and ${\rm NO}_{3}^{{-} } $ or peroxynitrite (ONOO−), respectively, via reactions which are associated with the occurrence of several more or less stable but biologically active chemical intermediates like ${\rm NO}^{ \bullet } $ or nitrogen dioxide (${\rm NO}_{2}^{ \bullet } $). On the other hand, H2O2, ${\rm NO}_{2}^{{-} } $, and ${\rm NO}_{3}^{{-} } $/ONOO− could serve as starting reaction partners to generate ${\rm NO}^{ \bullet } $, ${\rm HO}^{ \bullet } $, ${\rm NO}_{2}^{ \bullet } $, or hydroxyl radicals (${\rm HOO}^{ \bullet } $) in the liquid.
Adenosine induces cell‐cycle arrest and apoptosis in androgen‐dependent and ‐independent prostate cancer cell lines, LNcap‐FGC‐10, DU‐145, and PC3
Authors: Aghaei Mahmoud , Karami‐Tehrani Fatemeh , Panjehpour Mojtaba , Salami Siamak , Fallahian Faranak 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDAdenosine has been shown to inhibit cell growth and induce apoptosis in the several cancer cells via intrinsic and extrinsic pathway. The present study was designed to understand the mechanism underlying adenosine‐induced apoptosis in the DU‐145, PC3, and LNcap‐FGC10 human prostate cancer cells.METHODSTo observe cell viability and proliferation, MTT assay, cell counting, and BrdU assay were carried out in DU‐145, PC3, and LNcap‐FGC10 cells. Apoptosis was assessed with the analysis of cell cycle, Hoechst 33258 staining, propidium iodide and annexin‐V staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨM) measurement, caspase‐3 activity assay, Bcl‐2 and Bax protein expression. Moreover, the expression of adenosine receptors and the effects of adenosine receptor (A1, A2a, and A3) antagonists were examined.RESULTAdenosine significantly reduced cell proliferation in a dose‐dependent manner in DU‐145, PC3, and LNcap‐FGC10 cell lines. Adenosine induced arrest in the cell‐cycle progression in G0/G1 phase through Cdk4/cyclinD1‐mediated pathway. Adenosine induced apoptosis, which was determined by morphological changes and increased sub‐G1 population. Furthermore, increase of ROS, loss of MMP, activation of caspase‐3, and down‐regulation of Bcl‐2 expression was observed. A1, A2a, A2b, and A3 adenosine receptors mRNA are expressed in the cell lines. Moreover, adenosine‐induced apoptosis was inhibited by MRS1220, A3 adenosine receptor antagonist.CONCLUSIONOur results suggest that adenosine induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway and is related to the adenosine receptors. These data might suggest that adenosine could be used as an agent for the treatment of prostate cancer. Prostate 72:361–375, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Aryldiones incorporating a [1,4,5]oxadiazepane ring. Part 2: Chemistry and biology of the cereal herbicide pinoxaden
Authors: Muehlebach Michel , Cederbaum Fredrik , Cornes Derek , Friedmann Adrian A , Glock Jutta , Hall Gavin , Indolese Adriano F , Kloer Daniel P , Le Goupil Gael , Maetzke Thomas , Meier Hans , Schneider Rudolf , Stoller André , Szczepanski Henry , Wendeborn Sebastian , Widmer Hansjuerg 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Pinoxaden is a new cereal herbicide that provides outstanding levels of post‐emergence activity against a broad spectrum of grass weed species for worldwide selective use in both wheat and barley.RESULTS: Factors influencing activity and tolerance to pinoxaden were in part linked to distinct structural parts of the active ingredient. Three complementary contributions that decisively impact upon the herbicidal potency against grasses were identified: a preferred 2,6‐diethyl‐4‐methyl aromatic substitution pattern, a dione area suitable for proherbicide formation and beneficial adjuvant effects. The uptake and translocation pattern of pinoxaden when coapplied with its tailored adjuvant were analysed by autoradiography, indicating extensive and rapid penetration, followed by effective distribution throughout the plant. Crop injury reduction on incorporation of the [1,4,5]oxadiazepane ring into the aryldione template was reinforced with safener technology. Comparative studies on the behaviour of pinoxaden applied either alone or in combination with the safener cloquintocet‐mexyl demonstrated that addition of the safener resulted in significant enhancement of metabolic degradation in wheat and barley, providing excellent crop tolerance and a substantial selectivity margin without adverse effects on weed control.CONCLUSION: The biological potential of pinoxaden and its active principle pinoxaden dione in terms of grass weed control and tolerance in cereals was fully exploited by inclusion of the safener cloquintocet‐mexyl in the formulation in combination with a specific and tailor‐made tank‐mix adjuvant based on methylated rape seed oil. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
The phytotoxicity of natural tetramic acid derivatives
Authors: Zhao Huaping , Cui Zhipeng , Gu Yucheng , Liu Yuxiu , Wang Qingmin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNatural tetramic acid derivatives have attracted a great deal of interest of chemists because of their structural features and the broad range of biological activities. This paper focuses on five naturally occurring tetramic acid derivatives reported to have phytotoxicity and discusses their common structural characteristics. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Esterase inhibition by synergists in the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis
Authors: López‐Soler Neus , Cervera Amelia , Quinto Vicente , Abellán Jaime , Bielza Pablo , Martínez‐Pardo Rafael , Garcerá Maria Dolores 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), is among the most important crop pests in the south‐eastern region of Spain. Its increasing resistance to insecticides constitutes a serious problem, and understanding the mechanisms involved is therefore of great interest. Use of synergists to inhibit the enzymes involved in insecticide detoxification is widely used to determine their responsibility for insecticide resistance. However, they do not always act as intended or expected, and caution must be exercised when interpreting synergist results.RESULTS: Laboratory‐selected strains of WFT were used to analyse the effects of the synergists piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S‐tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and methiocarb on total esterase activity. Significant differences were found, indicating esterase activity inhibition by DEF, a lower effect for methiocarb and a small inhibition of the activity by PBO. Esterase isoenzyme inhibition by these compounds showed a similar result; this assay revealed an extreme sensitivity of Triplet A (resistance‐associated esterases) to DEF. In an in vivo assay carried out with these compounds at different incubation times, only DEF caused posterior in vitro esterase activity inhibition, with a maximum effect 1 h after treatment.CONCLUSION: In this work, only DEF shows true synergistic inhibition of WFT esterases. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Traps and defects in pre‐ and post‐ stressed AlGaN–GaN high electron mobility transistors
Authors: Sin Yongkun , Foran Brendan , Joh Jungwoo , del Alamo Jesus A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe used deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) and HR‐TEM techniques to study traps and defects in pre‐ and post‐stressed AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown by MOCVD on semi‐insulating SiC substrates. DLTS identified two dominant traps with activation energies of 0.5 and 0.7 eV in both pre‐ and post‐stressed GaN HEMTs. Electrical stress resulted in a significant increase in the density of 0.5 eV traps. This is attributed to point defects (most likely N antisites) in the AlGaN barrier and clearly suggests that these traps play a critical role in degradation of the devices. Cross‐sectional TEM confirmed physical damage on the edge of the gate that was likely due to the inverse piezoelectric effect.
Low resistance Mo/Al/Mo/Au ohmic contact scheme to InAlN/AlN/GaN heterostructure
Authors: Lee Jaesun , Yan Minjun , Ofuonye Benedict , Jang Jaehyung , Gao X. , Guo Shiping , Adesida Ilesanmi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMo/Al/Mo/Au metallization scheme was investigated to develop low‐resistance ohmic contacts on InAlN/AlN/GaN field‐effect transistor heterostructure using a pre‐metallization surface treatment with SiCl4 plasma in a reactive ion etching system and a relatively low‐temperature anneal at 650 °C. The contact resistance and specific contact resistivity were dramatically improved to as low as 0.15 Ω mm and 7.8 × 10−7 Ω cm2 at 650 °C, respectively.
Ridge‐type AlGaInN‐based laser diode structure by selective regrowth
Authors: Zhao Wei , Detchprohm Theeradetch , Hou Wenting , Li Yufeng , Wetzel Christian 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report the development of a novel ridge‐type AlGaInN‐based laser diode structure fabricated by a metal organic vapor phase epitaxial regrowth method. The selective‐area regrowth of AlGaN was optimized and compared with regular planar growth. An AlN fraction of 13% in the regrown ridge was concluded from the cathodoluminescence spectrum. The laser diode structure showed superluminescence at 465 nm under optical excitation. Under electrical excitation a super‐linear increase of the light output power was observed.
Theoretical study on pressure‐induced phase transition and thermal properties of HgAl2Se4
Authors: Verma Udai Pratap , Singh Poonam , Jensen Per 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe structural, electronic, and thermal properties of mercury selenoaluminate; a defect chalcopyrite compound has been studied by the first principle approach. HgAl2Se4 is a ternary semiconducting compound, crystallizes in defect chalcopyrite structure within I‐4 space group at ambient conditions. A pressure‐induced structural phase transition from body‐centered tetragonal (BCT) to spinel phase has been confirmed. The lattice constants, equilibrium volume, bulk modulus, and its pressure derivative for both phases are found to be in excellent agreement with the available experimental results. The structural and electronic properties of spinel phase are reported for the first time. The quasiharmonic Debye model is applied to study the thermal and vibrational effects for the stable BCT phase. Thermal parameters such as Grüneisen parameter, Debye temperature, specific heat, etc., have been determined as a function of pressure and temperature. Reported results will simulate further interest in theoretical and experimental research in the emerging field of optoelectronics.
Microphotoluminescence studies on GaN‐based airpost pillar microcavities containing InGaN quantum wells and quantum dots
Authors: Sebald Kathrin , Lohmeyer Henning , Kalden Joachim , Seyfried Moritz , Figge Stephan , Kruse Carsten , Dartsch Heiko , Tessarek Christian , Hommel Detlef , Gutowski Jürgen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report on the optical properties of monolithic GaN‐based airpost pillar microcavities (MCs) with embedded InGaN quantum wells or quantum dots (QDs), respectively. The presented MCs are designed by use of different kinds of distributed Bragg reflectors consisting of either AlGaN/GaN, AlInN/GaN, or superlattices of AlN/InGaN and GaN. A quality factor of up to Q = 260 has been achieved. Airpost pillar MCs, providing a three‐dimensional optical confinement, are realized by focused ion beam etching starting from an all‐epitaxially grown vertical‐cavity surface‐emitting laser structure. Pillar diameters below 1 µm are well controllable. The sidewalls are smooth and show a damaged surface layer of a thickness less than 2 nm only. Microphotoluminescence (µ‐PL) measurements reveal the longitudinal and transversal mode spectra of the cavities in good agreement with theoretical calculations based on a vectorial transfer‐matrix method. Furthermore, the spectra of the QD based samples reveal distinct spectrally sharp emission lines around 2.73 eV which can be attributed to the emission of single‐InGaN QDs and traced up to 120 K.magnified image
Scanning electron micrograph of a GaN‐based airpost pillar superimposed by the µ‐PL spectrum of a pillar with a diameter of d = 1.8 µm. The measurement performed at T = 150 K reveals the discrete resonator modes.
A novel fabrication method of CNT‐CP composite single nanowires self‐templated by dielectrophoresis and electropolymerization
Authors: An Taechang , Choi WooSeok , Joo Sang Woo , Lim Geunbae 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA new method for fabricating carbon nanotube‐conducting polymer (CNT‐CP) composite single nanowires is reported. The method developed is highly efficient, reliable, and economical because it obviates the time consuming process of template fabrication and the post‐synthesis task of positioning nanowires. Single nanowires with diameters of 50‐500 nm are fabricated between electrodes, self‐templated by dielectrophoresis and electropolymerization. Fabrication of an individually addressed nanowire array with cantilever electrodes on a microchip is demonstrated.magnified imageSEM images of CNT‐CP composite single nanowires. Scale bar is 2 µm.(© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Direct Manipulation of a Single Potassium Channel Gate with an Atomic Force Microscope Probe
Authors: Kitta Mitsunori , Ide Toru , Hirano Minako , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Yanagida Toshio , Kawai Tomoji 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIon channels are membrane proteins that regulate cell functions by controlling the ion permeability of cell membranes. An ion channel contains an ion‐selective pore that permeates ions and a sensor that senses a specific stimulus such as ligand binding to regulate the permeability. The detailed molecular mechanisms of this regulation, or gating, are unknown. Gating is thought to occur from conformational changes in the sensor domain in response to the stimulus, which results in opening the gate to permit ion conduction. Using an atomic force microscope and artificial bilayer system, a mechanical stimulus is applied to a potassium channel, and its gating is monitored in real time. The channel‐open probability increases greatly when pushing the cytoplasmic domain toward the membrane. This result shows that a mechanical stimulus at the cytoplasmic domain causes changes in the gating and is the first to show direct evidence of coupling between conformational changes in the cytoplasmic domain and channel gating. This novel technology has the potential to be a powerful tool for investigating the activation dynamics in channel proteins.
Measurement of Mass Transfer during Dip‐Pen Nanolithography with Phospholipids
Authors: Biswas Soma , Hirtz Michael , Fuchs Harald 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDip‐pen nanolithography (DPN) has been extensively used before for patterning surfaces; however a complete understanding of the ink transport mechanisms is still lacking. Moreover, quality control of the fabricated structures is a bottleneck in DPN fabrication, and one aspect of this is the quantification of the ink mass transfer to the substrate during the lithographic process. There is a demand for measuring the exact amount of molecules deposited on a surface by lithographic methods, especially for biological applications. This article demonstrates a quantitative method for measuring the amount of ink transferred onto the substrate in DPN with phospholipids by dynamic force spectroscopy. To achieve this, the harmonic oscillation of a microcantilever in an atomic force microscope is used, obtaining picogram mass sensitivity in the determination of mass deposition.
A component‐based middleware platform for reconfigurable service‐oriented architectures
Authors: Seinturier Lionel , Merle Philippe , Rouvoy Romain , Romero Daniel , Schiavoni Valerio , Stefani Jean‐Bernard 
Published: June 2011

SUMMARYThetextitService Component Architecture (SCA) is a technology‐independent standard for developing distributed Service‐oriented Architectures (SOA). The SCA standard promotes the use of components and architecture descriptors, and mostly covers the lifecycle steps of implementation and deployment. Unfortunately, SCA does not address the governance of SCA applications and provides no support for the maintenance of deployed components. This article covers this issue and introduces the FRASCATI platform, a run‐time support for SCA with dynamic reconfiguration capabilities and run‐time management features. This article presents the internal component‐based architecture of the FRASCATI platform, and highlights its key features. The component‐based design of the FRASCATI platform introduces many degrees of flexibility and configurability in the platform itself and it can host the SOA applications. This article reports on micro‐benchmarks highlighting that run‐time manageability in the FRASCATI platform does not decrease its performance when compared with the de facto reference SCA implementation: Apache TUSCANY. Finally, a smart home scenario illustrates the extension capabilities and the various reconfigurations of the FRASCATI platform. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Three‐dimensional ultrasonographic assessment of compression effect on urethra following tension‐free vaginal tape and transobturator tape procedures
Authors: Lin K.‐L. , Juan Y.‐S. , Lo T.‐S. , Liu C.‐M. , Tsai E.‐M. , Long C.‐Y. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the anatomical difference using three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound between the urethra at rest and during straining, in women who have undergone a tension‐free vaginal tape (TVT) or TVT‐obturator tape (TVT‐O) procedure for stress urinary incontinence (SUI).MethodsWe reviewed retrospectively 48 women with SUI who had undergone either a TVT (n = 24) or a TVT‐O (n = 24) procedure. All women underwent urinalysis, pelvic examination, pad test, 3D perineal ultrasonography and personal interview about urinary symptoms within 1 year after surgery.ResultsAfter both TVT and TVT‐O procedures, the area and longest and shortest diameters of the hypoechoic core of the mid‐urethra were significantly smaller during straining than during resting (P < 0.01). The distance between tape and urethra was similarly smaller during straining in both groups. Analysis of ultrasound measurements in women reporting success (n = 40) and those reporting failure (n = 8) of the procedure showed the area and longest and shortest diameters of the hypoechoic core of the mid‐urethra to be significantly smaller during straining than during resting in both groups (P < 0.01). However, the shortest diameter of the proximal and distal urethra during straining were significantly smaller only in the successful group (P < 0.01).ConclusionThere are differences in urethral morphology during straining compared with during resting in women with TVT and those with TVT‐O, regardless of tape procedure. A urethral compression effect of slings may have an important role in the continence mechanism. Copyright © 2012 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of transvaginal sonography and double‐contrast barium enema for diagnosing deep infiltrating endometriosis of the posterior compartment
Authors: Savelli L. , Manuzzi L. , Coe M. , Mabrouk M. , Di Donato N. , Venturoli S. , Seracchioli R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of transvaginal sonography (TVS) and double‐contrast barium enema (DCBE) in the preoperative detection of deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) of the posterior compartment.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 69 consecutive patients with results of pelvic examination or symptoms suggestive of DIE of the posterior compartment. TVS and DCBE were performed before surgery by two groups of physicians specialized in endometriosis, each blinded to the results of the other technique. Imaging data were compared with histopathologic analysis of the resected specimen (gold standard). Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values and test accuracies were calculated for both imaging modalities.ResultsSixty seven of the 69 women had a nodule of DIE confirmed at laparoscopy and histopathologic examination. TVS diagnosed DIE in 57 (85%) of these patients, while DCBE revealed the presence of the lesion in 24 (36%) women. For the diagnosis of posterior DIE, TVS and DCBE had, respectively, a sensitivity of 85% and 36%, specificity of 100% and 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and 100%, negative predictive value of 17% and 4% and accuracy of 85.5% and 38%. In patients with pure bowel DIE the sensitivity was 91% and 43%, specificity was 100% and 100%, positive predictive value was 100% and 100%, negative predictive value was 29% and 6% and accuracy was 91% and 45%, respectively.ConclusionsTVS has a much higher sensitivity than does DCBE in detecting the presence of posterior DIE and should thus be regarded as the imaging modality of choice when there is clinical suspicion of the disease. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Generalized linear models
Authors: Neuhaus John , McCulloch Charles 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe class of generalized linear models (GLMs) extends the classical linear model for continuous, normal responses to describe the relationship between one or more predictor variablesx1,…,xpand a wide variety of nonnormally distributed responsesYincluding binary, count, and positive‐valued variates. GLMs expand the class of response densities from the normal to an exponential family that contains the normal, Poisson, binomial, and other popular distributions as special cases. The models produce estimated expected values that conform to response constraints and allow nonlinear relationships between predictors and expected values. It is straightforward to construct the likelihood for a set of data so that maximum likelihood and related likelihood‐based methods are popular techniques for parameter estimation and inference. A key point with GLMs is that many of the considerations in model construction are the same as for standard linear regression models as the models have many common features.WIREs Comp Stat2011 3 407–413 DOI: 10.1002/wics.175This article is categorized under:Statistical Models > Generalized Linear Models