bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multispecies Coastal Shelf Recovery Plan: A Collaborative, Ecosystem-Based Approach
Authors: Ames Ted 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
This article explains the integration of an ecosystem into a collaborative management plan to restore New England's depleted multispecies groundfish stocks and decimated coastal fishery. Applying lessons learned from Maine's successful fishery for lobsters Homarus americanus, the Downeast Groundfish Initiative (an eclectic group of fishermen, scientists, and concerned individuals) created a new groundfish management approach designed to nest seamlessly within existing federal and state management systems and be compatible with a total allowable catch (TAC) approach, though it does not require TAC as the primary management tool. The plan resolves fine-scale issues affecting the fishery's biological productivity and addresses the economic, social, and cultural factors confronting fishing communities. The inadequacy of systemwide assessments in detecting local changes in marine ecosystems led to the creation of smaller, contiguous coastal shelf management units each of which encompasses the subpopulation of a key species such as Atlantic cod Gadus morhua. Each unit would have an inshore core layer encompassing the species' spawning grounds and nursery habitats while providing a limited, small-scale fishery for local fishermen using selective, habitat-friendly gear. A buffer layer outside the core area that brackets coastal shelf migration routes would also support a fishery using all legal gear types but with constraints, and an outer layer would provide a fishery operating under current federal regulations. The core and buffer areas would be collaboratively managed to enhance local stock recovery by local advisory councils of fishermen functioning under state administration and regional council oversight. The coastal shelf plan synchronizes the needs of coastal ecosystems and fishermen by restoring species diversity and protecting critical habitats while rebuilding commercial stocks. The approach can create robust, sustainable fisheries for all user groups, resolve equity issues among fishermen, and revitalize the economies of fishing communities of all sizes.
Gait Biomechanics, Spatial and Temporal Characteristics, and the Energy Cost of Walking in Older Adults With Impaired Mobility
Authors: Wert David M. , Brach Jennifer , Perera Subashan , VanSwearingen Jessie M. 
Published: May 2010

BackgroundAbnormalities of gait and changes in posture during walking are more common in older adults than in young adults and may contribute to an increase in the energy expended for walking.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to examine the contributions of abnormalities of gait biomechanics (hip extension, trunk flexion, and foot-floor angle at heel-strike) and gait characteristics (step width, stance time, and cadence) to the energy cost of walking in older adults with impaired mobility.DesignA cross-sectional design was used.MethodsGait speed, step width, stance time, and cadence were derived during walking on an instrumented walkway. Trunk flexion, hip extension, and foot-floor angle at heel contact were assessed during overground walking. The energy cost of walking was determined from oxygen consumption data collected during treadmill walking. All measurements were collected at the participants' usual, self-selected walking speed.ResultsFifty community-dwelling older adults with slow and variable gait participated. Hip extension, trunk flexion, and step width were factors related to the energy cost of walking. Hip extension, step width, and cadence were the only gait measures beyond age and gait speed that provided additional contributions to the variance of the energy cost, with mean R2 changes of .22, .12, and .07, respectively.LimitationsOther factors not investigated in this study (interactions among variables, psychosocial factors, muscle strength [force-generating capacity], range of motion, body composition, and resting metabolic rate) may further explain the greater energy cost of walking in older adults with slow and variable gait.ConclusionsCloser inspection of hip extension, step width, and cadence during physical therapy gait assessments may assist physical therapists in recognizing factors that contribute to the greater energy cost of walking in older adults.
People-centered development in Nepal: An innovative approach
Authors: Devkota Padam Lal 
Published: May 2010

The PDF of this file is 1,956 kbytes in size and therefore will take a long time to download if you click on the PDF link below. If you would like the file to be sent to you by email, please send a request to info@nepjol.info. Please include the citation below in your request. DOI:	10.3126/opsa.v6i0.1100Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology Vol.6 2000 p.26-40
An analysis of the rural poverty from people's perspectives: A case study from Amarpur VDC of Panchthar District
Authors: Pokharel Binod 
Published: May 2010

The PDF of this file is 1,381 kbytes in size and therefore will take a long time to download if you click on the PDF link below. If you would like the file to be sent to you by email, please send a request to info@nepjol.info. Please include the citation below in your request. DOI:	10.3126/opsa.v6i0.1102Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology Vol.6 2000 p.63-73
The use of clinical and routine imaging data to differentiate between aneurysmal and nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage prior to angiography
Authors: Dupont Stefan A. , Lanzino Giuseppe , Wijdicks Eelco F. M. , Rabinstein Alejandro A. 
Published: May 2010

Object
In this study, the authors' goal was to minimize false-negative results in the detection of ruptured cerebral aneurysms.

Methods
The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiological information in consecutive adult patients admitted with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) to their hospital between January 1, 2002, and January 1, 2008. Patients were grouped based on the presence or absence of a ruptured aneurysm, which was detected by catheter angiography. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors predicting detection of aneurysmal rupture by angiography.

Results
The authors identified 199 patients (121 women [61%]). A ruptured aneurysm was detected in 167 patients (84%). In multivariate analysis, loss of consciousness at the onset of SAH was a strong predictive factor associated with detection of a ruptured aneurysm on subsequent angiography (OR > 100, p = 0.0002). The positive predictive value of loss of consciousness at the onset of SAH for detection of a ruptured aneurysm was 100%.

Conclusions
Loss of consciousness at the onset of SAH is highly predictive of aneurysm rupture. A negative CT angiography study in these patients may be a false result, and a high-quality catheter angiography should be performed.
Diagnosis and stereotactic aspiration treatment of cerebral sparganosis: summary of 11 cases
Authors: Deng Lei , Xiong Pengju , Qian Suokai 
Published: May 2010

Object
Cerebral sparganosis is a rare but underestimated parasitic disease caused by infestation by sparganum. It is difficult to make a confirmed preoperational diagnosis of this disease given the absence of characteristic clinical manifestations. A detailed protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral sparganosis is still lacking in the literature. In this article the authors set out comprehensive procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral sparganosis, describing the use of a stereotactic aspiration technique complemented by microsurgery based on experience gained from multiple cases.

Methods
The disease history, clinical manifestations, imaging features, and therapeutic procedures for 11 patients with cerebral sparganosis were retrospectively analyzed. Stereotactic aspiration procedures were performed in all 11 patients and were complemented by microsurgeries in 3 patients. The learning and experience gained from these treatments were summarized, and a comprehensive protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral sparganosis was reviewed.

Results
Larvae of Spirometra mansoni were taken from all 11 patients: completely removed in 10 cases and partially removed in 1 case (discovered later). After surgery, clinical symptoms in all 11 patients were significantly improved. All epileptic symptoms were successfully cured, although in 1 case occasional seizures still occurred because of the incomplete removal of the larva. Muscle strength in the 4 patients who had hemiparesis prior to surgery recovered to normal. Symptoms in the 1 patient who had presented with partial body sensory disturbance resolved after surgery. There were no complications or deaths.

Conclusions
The authors concluded that an effective preoperative diagnosis of cerebral sparganosis can be made by detailed inquiry into the possible infection history and disease symptoms as well as careful scrutiny of characteristic radiological features and immunological testing results. In stereotactic operations performed to remove the larva, priority should be given to image-guided stereotactic aspiration given that it causes the smallest wounds. In cases in which stereotactic aspiration fails, stereotactic microsurgery should be performed to remove the larva. The surgeon must carefully avoid breaking the larva and leaving behind any larva residue during surgery.
Essai de caractérisation d'un ensemble céramique campaniforme non décoré dans le Toulousain : le site de Cassagna 2
Authors: Tcheremissinoff Yaramila , Marsac Philippe , Berthet Anne-Laure , Jarry Marc , Viarouge Marion 
Published: May 2010

La fouille de sauvetage urgent du site de « Cassagna 2 » menée par l'AFAN en automne 2001 a été motivée par l'aménagement de la TAC «Aéroconstellation » dans la banlieue toulousaine. Le site archéologique a été reconnu à travers la présence de petites structures fossoyées de type « trou de poteau » réparties sur une surface de près de 3500 m2 au nord-est de l'emprise décapée (environ 1 hectare), ainsi que par celle de deux nappes de mobilier. La première, qui était conservée sur une surface d'environ 1400 m2 à l'ouest de l'emprise (secteur 1), a livré des éléments se rapportant au Bronze final. La seconde, qui nous intéresse, était localisée au sud-est de l'emprise sur une surface d'environ 340 m2 (secteur 2).
Il s'agissait d'un sol relativement bien conservé. En effet, l'état des surfaces et des tranches de la céramique était satisfaisant pour ce type de contexte et les grands tessons, souvent jointifs, n'avaient pas beaucoup migré. Cette surface était conforme à ce que l'on peut attendre d'un habitat stable : un sol dense en débris, issus d'une vaisselle abondante et variée. On y distinguait deux grandes concentrations. La première était clairement limitée au sein d'un quadrilatère d'environ 16m2. La seconde, plus grande, paraissait également s'inscrire dans un quadrilatère.
Pour cette occupation, il nous semble possible de proposer une attribution à un stade régional de l'évolution du complexe campaniforme, ceci malgré l'absence d'éléments décorés et grâce à une série homogène de vaisselle associant types principaux de la céramique commune et formes hybrides, à l'exclusion de tout élément exclusivement vérazien.
Les habitats des groupes à Federmesser (azilien) dans le Nord de la Belgique
Authors: De Bie Marc , Van Gils Marijn 
Published: May 2010

En se basant sur les quelques sites qui ont fait l’objet d’une recherche systématique (Meer, Rekem et Lommel), cet article présente les caractéristiques des habitats de groupes à Federmesser (aziliens) au Nord de la Belgique. On examine l’implantation et la structure des habitats, le mode d’occupation et le comportement des habitants, ou encore la vie sociale et (spi) rituelle. Au cours de l’oscillation Allerød, ces groupes à Federmesser
ont exploité de façon assez intensive la Campine belge. Les sites sont implantés sur des dunes tardiglaciaires, longées au sud-est par une zone humide. Ces lieux constituaient des biotopes très riches offrant probablement une grande diversité au point de vue de la flore et de la faune. La richesse et l’ampleur de ces sites reflètent des visites répétées, allant de pair avec certains schémas immuables dans la mobilité des sociétés. D’autre part, les groupes à Federmesser ont installé des campements résidentiels assez étendus et visiblement organisés. Au centre de ces habitats, on trouve de grands espaces «ouverts» autour d’une zone de foyers, où l’abondance et la variété du matériel reflètent une diversité d’activités. Ce sont les «pôles d’attraction» autour desquels s’organisait la vie active, sociale et (spi) rituelle. Certaines activités demandaient néanmoins une organisation spatiale spécifique. Jusqu’à présent, une seule configuration au sol de vestiges peut se rapporter à une structure d’habitat couverte. Quelques activités de production, et en particulier la préparation de la chasse, se passaient plus à l’écart, peut-être pour des raisons rituelles. Les recherches démontrent que, malgré l’absence de matériaux organiques, de tels sites sont au moins en mesure de nous informer sur l’ampleur et la nature des habitats et sur certains aspects du comportement des habitants. Dans le Nord de la Belgique, les traditions des groupes à Federmesser sont plutôt les annonciatrices des traditions mésolithiques que la continuation des cultures paléolithiques (i. e. magdaléniennes).
« Homo prometheus »
Authors: Cohen Claudine 
Published: May 2010

La figure de Prométhée habite les récits scientifiques qui, depuis les débuts de la paléontologie humaine et de la préhistoire au milieu du XIXe siècle, s'efforcent de retracer l'origine et l'évolution des homimdés à partir de leurs vestiges paléontologiques, et de situer dans ce qui est souvent décrit comme une ascension et une conquête irrésistibles un « seuil » de l'humain, défini notamment par l'invention du feu et de l'outil.
Cet article interroge le contenu idéologique et mythique de ces constructions, et examine les critiques récentes qui ont été adressées à ces visions « prométhéennes » du devenir humain, notamment du point de vue d'une anthropologie féministe et de celui d'une éthologie des primates, qui invalident ou nuancent le caractère volontiers androcentrique ou anthropocentrique de ces représentations.
Y a-t-il un Prométhée oriental ?
Authors: Habchi Sobhi 
Published: May 2010

La présence dans les cultures arabophones du mythe de Prométhée, comme de tout autre mythe gréco-latin, est très problématique. On peut citer, dans l'état actuel des recherches, outre Gibran, qui fait d'Orphée un mythe personnel, quatre exemples d'utilisation poétique du mythe de Prométhée : les poètes irakiens Sayyâb et Bayyâtî ainsi que les poètes libanais Hâwî et Adonis.
À cette liste s'ajoute le cas du poète tunisien Abou-l-Qasim Ach-Chabbi pour son poème « Nachîd al-jabbâr aw hakazâ ghanna Promithious » (Le chant du géant ou Ainsi chantait Prométhée), dans lequel la figure de Prométhée est fortement contaminée par celle d'Orphée. Le présent article propose en conclusion quelques perspectives générales d'explication de la non- réception des mythes antiques dans l'espace arabophone pour des raisons culturelles, essentiellement religieuses.
Die (Drôme) : de la ville ouverte à la ville fortifiée
Authors: Planchon Jacques 
Published: May 2010

Les vestiges de la ville antique de Die - notamment son rempart - laissent entrevoir l’évolution complexe de cette agglomération gallo-romaine. Vraisemblablement simple relais de bord de voie au début du Ier s., Die acquiert un caractère véritablement urbain avant le début du IIe s., et c’est dans une ville ouverte que sont transférées les institutions de la capitale nord des Voconces vers le milieu du
IIe s. Au IIIe s., la cité devient colonie et une part importante de l’agglomération s’entoure d’un rempart, laissant de côté certains quartiers périphériques qui semblent être déjà abandonnés.
Les genres de textes et leur contribution au développement psychologique
Authors: Bronckart Jean-Paul 
Published: May 2010

Jean-Paul Bronckart: Text genres and their contributions to psychological development.
This paper presents some considerations regarding the socio-discursive interactionism, inspired by Voloshinov, and which aims at demonstrating the decisive role played by verbal activities in the psychological development. The author first defines verbal activities and their relations to other forms of human activities. He then proposes his own conception of "text genres", as empirical (and linguistic) expressions of these verbal activities, and his conception of "types of discourse", defined as portions of texts characterized by the same enunciative mode and by (relatively) specific linguistic markers. He finally specifies the role played by text genres and types of discourse in the development of various forms of reasoning.
Les représentations métalinguistiques ordinaires face à la nomination, l'institution et la normalisation des langues. Un micro-sondage
Authors: Tabouret-Keller Andrée 
Published: May 2010

Andrée Tabouret-Keller: Ordinary metalinguisitic representations in front of nomination, institutionalization and normalization processes.
Everyday metalinguistic representations are inquired into through talks with a small sample of bilingual French - Patois speakers of an alpine valley belonging to the Occitan domain of Franco-Alpine Provençal. Six topics are explored: differences between French and Patois, speaking and writing, child and adult speech, oral and written discourse, known and foreign languages, ordinary personal and young people's language. The main results concern the centrality of an abstract, unvarying entity called "French", with no further qualification, opposed to an empirical entity, named "Patois", usually indexed by its local origin and linked to some behavioural rules. Naming a language, by way of its' institutionalization, standardization, is seen as the main factor influencing ordinary metalinguistic representations.
Les dénominations ordinaires spontanées des activités langagières et la question des équivalences entre les communautés discursives
Authors: Katsiki Stavroula , Traverso Véronique 
Published: May 2010

Stavroula Katsiki & Véronique Traverso: Speech activities ordinary names and speech communities equivalence.
This study takes place in the field of interaction analysis, and is based on naturally occurring data. It focuses on the way people ordinarily name speech activities. Our main aim is to propose some first research lines on that point, but we also intend to show that, in the field of talk-in-interaction, the participants' linguistic representations are necessarily, and naturally, taken into account in the analyses. The first part of the paper is an overview of the way in which classical linguistics deals with speech activities naming (speech acts theory), in comparison with what a folk linguistic approach could be. The second part is devoted to methodological aspects and their implications. In the third part, we turn to a cross-cultural comparison between French and Greek spontaneous speech activities names.
La classification des arguments dans les discours ordinaires
Authors: Doury Marianne 
Published: May 2010

Marianne Doury: Classification of arguments on ordinary discourses.
The representations ordinary speakers have about argumentative procedures is necessary to the scientific analysis of argumentation itself. Actually, this ordinary knowledge of argumentation is of great influence on the strategies speakers use in specific contexts. In particular, their perception of the social legitimacy and value of an argument is crucial for their choices when criticising the antagonist discourse. The question arises of the homology of scientific and non-scientific categorisations of arguments and of their respective use in argumentative interactions.
Les prédicats de dire en français : bref sondage sur les préférences des locuteurs
Authors: Vives Robert 
Published: May 2010

Robert Vives: Predicates of speech in French: a short inquiry about speakers' choices.
This paper intends to investigate if any regularities can be found in the vocabulary native speakers use to report certain speech acts. After a rapid examination of prior linguistic researches on verba dicendi, the author first explains how electronic dictionaries deal with the lexicon of predicates of speech. After, he presents the questionnaires he made up to collect data about the real use of some elements of this lexicon by native speakers. In the last part, he discusses the results obtained, comparing them with the repartition of syntactic features in the lexicon of speech predicates.
La guerre dans les Balkans (1912-1919)
Authors: Becker Jean-Jacques 
Published: May 2010

Jean-Jacques Becker,
The war in the Balkans (l912-1919)
It has been usual to consider the war in the Balkans as a marginal appendix to the First World War. In fact, war occurred there prior to the rest of Europe, with the outbreak of the First Balkan War in 1912. The War was only in small part the result of the rivalries or interests of the great European powers and arose principally from the pressure of nationalist movements of the Balkan peoples. After having spread progressivley throughout the Balkans, the 1914 War resulted in the elimination of three great influences —German, Russian and Turkish— and in the constitution of three large states with a nationalist agenda Roumania, Greece and Yugoslavia, to the detriment of a fourth, Bulgaria.
Les Musulmans bosniaques et l’idée yougoslave
Authors: Bougarel Xavier 
Published: May 2010

Xavier Bougarel,
Les Musulmans bosniaques et l’idée yougoslave
Les Musulmans bosniaques n’ont joué qu’un rôle marginal dans l’émergence de l’idée yougoslave au XIXe siècle, et dans la création du royaume de Yougoslavie en 1918. Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, ils s’identifient beaucoup plus étroitement à la Yougoslavie communiste, qui a restauré la Bosnie-Herzégovine comme entité territoriale autonome, et reconnu les Musulmans bosniaques comme sixième nation constitutive de la fédération. Au début des années 1990, alors que la plupart d’entre eux continue de soutenir l’idée yougoslave, une minorité d’inspiration pan-islamiste crée le Parti de l’action démocratique (SDA), et parvient par ce biais à recueillir une majorité des voix musulmanes. Les dirigeants du SDA rompent alors progressivement avec les choix stratégiques élaborés depuis 1878 par les représentants politiques de la communauté musulmane bosniaque.
Les Tsiganes dans les Balkans
Authors: Asseo Henriette 
Published: May 2010

Henriette Asséo,
Les Tsiganes dans les Balkans
Les Tsiganes forment l’une des principales minorités des Balkans, représentant jusqu’à 10 % de la population actuelle de la Roumanie. Cependant, leur très ancienne implantation est ignorée ou contestée. Depuis la fin des âges d’or impériaux et la montée des nationalismes basés sur «l’exclusivisme ethnique», ils sont même les victimes d’un violent ostracisme. La remise en cause actuelle des ordres nationaux — à l’Ouest par la formation de l’Europe, à l’Est par la fin des systèmes communistes et les modifications, quelquefois violentes des frontières —, relance la «question tsigane» comme un problème transnational. Pour la première fois de leur histoire, les Tsiganes sont, par le biais de leurs organisations, des acteurs politiques écoutés par les institutions européennes. Cette nouvelle stratégie de visibilité ne peut cependant empêcher un retour inquiétant aux arguments eugénistes de l’entre-deux-guerres.
Le Komintern et les Balkans
Authors: Ter Minassian Taline 
Published: May 2010

Taline Ter Minassian,
The Komintern and the Balkans
Based upon original archival material (Archives of the Komintern, Moscow), this paper attempts to clarify different aspects of the Komintern’s "Balkan strategy”. The study identifies structures and personal networks dealing with the Balkan peninsula, as well as the role played by minorities in the Komintern’s strategy in the Balkans during the 1920s.