bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P03-50 - Serum Fas and Fas Ligand Levels in Patients with Schizophrenia
Authors: Djordjevic V. , Lazarevic D. , Trajanovic L. , Cosic V. , Ristic T. , Djordjevic V. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesSince apoptosis is considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia the aim of this study was to examine the Fas and Fas ligand (FasL) system in patients with schizophrenia. FasL is transmembrane protein that induces apoptosis by binding to its specific receptor Fas. The Fas-FasL complex is an important effector of cell death in different cell types.MethodsSerum Fas and FasL levels were determined in 30 patients with schizophrenia (11 females, 19 males), and 30 healthy controls (11 females, 19 males) by the ELISA method.ResultsSerum Fas levels were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia (4.63±0.96 ng/mL, p< 0.05) than in controls (4.12±0.81 ng/mL). A significant increase in FasL levels was also found in schizophrenic patients (0.099±0.029 ng/mL, p< 0.05) in comparison with those in healthy controls (0.085±0.023 ng/mL). Schizophrenic males showed significantly higher both Fas (4.97 ± 0.83 ng/mL, p< 0.05) and FasL (0.103 ± 0.032 ng/mL, p< 0.01) compared to the control males (4.30 ± 0.93 ng/mL; 0.079 ± 0.011 ng/mL, respectively). A significant positive correlation between patient serum FasL and lymphocyte caspase-3 activity was found.ConclusionThese results clearly show a disregulated extrinsic apoptotic pathway in patients with schizophrenia.
P03-52 - Aggressiveness and Cognitive Impairment in Schizophrenia
Authors: Dutczak B. , Bidzan L. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundScientific researches show that the acts of aggression in schizophrenia appear more often than in case different mental disorders. In the literature, however, exists little data which would describe wider this phenomenon. The most often the aggression in schizophrenia is connected with psychopathological symptoms, but also with characteristic the features of frontal lobe syndrome. The most typical symptom in this range is emotional disorders, particularly lability of mood which can lead to occurrence of aggressive behaviours.The purpose of this research was to assess the intensification and identification of forms of aggression in schizophrenia. Moreover explanation of connection between aggressive behaviours and cognitive functions relating with frontal lobe.Materials30 patients from first episode of schizophrenia in age 18-30. Researches were realized in Department of Developmental, Psychotic and Geriatric Psychiatry, Medical University in Gdansk.Methods*Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)*The Overt Aggression Scale (OAS)*Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST)*Trail Making Test (TMT)*Color Reading Interference (Stroop)
P03-53 - Management of Folie A Deux. A Purpose of Three Cases
Authors: Erausquin Sierra C. , Benitez Cerezo E. , Martínez de Velasco Soriano R. , Chinchilla Moreno A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionShared psychotic disorder (DSM-IV-TR) or induced delusional disorder (ICD-10) is a condition involving the appearance of delusions to two or more subjects who generally live in close proximity. We compare three cases and their management described in Ramón y Cajal Hospital in Madrid.Clinical casesThe first case involves a mother and daughter shared delusion of injury with respect to the neighborhood. In the second case involves two sisters living together, with delusion of persecution and prejudice and without psychiatric history. The third one was admitted to our unit after a suicide attempts. It was a middle-aged man who shared with four members of his family the perception of supernatural entities in his home.ManagementAt the first and second cases it was necessary mechanical and pharmacological restraint. One of the therapeutic indications is the separation of subjects and It generated significant moments of tension and resources of the emergency department. In the third case was not accurate mechanical and pharmacological restraint. The most effective in this case was the regulation of sleep-wake cycle and separation of the individual during a time of home and family. In all three cases the perception of illness worked individually and kept contact with the therapists to plan responsible for monitoring the treatment plan and management in the future.ConclusionsWe must be prepared before the arrival of an event of this kind to the emergency of the hospital.It's necessary to elaborate an effective joint therapeutic strategy both during their hospital stay or as outpatients.
P03-60 - Infant Trauma and Psychopathology in Paranoid Schizophrenia
Authors: Henry M. , Diaz-Mesa E. , Morera-Fumero A.L. , Garcia-Hernandez A. , Fernandez-Lopez L. , Yelmo S. , Trujillo F. , Monzon J. , Barrau V. , Gracia-Marco R. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundStress and trauma have been reported as leading contributing factors in schizophrenia. And certainly child abuse (neglect, emotional, physical and sexual abuse among others) has a lasting negative impact, which is well established in literature.ObjectivesTo consider the presence of infant trauma and its relationship with psychopathology in paranoid schizophrenics.Methods. 37 patients (mean age 29±6.3; years from onset 9.20±4.7), meeting DSM IV paranoid schizophrenia criteria, undergoing treatment in a university hospital are studied. The PANSS is administered in order to rate psychopathology.Results27 patients had infant trauma (55.8%). Main traumas are: sexual abuse (12.8%), child abuse (7.7%), both sexual and child abuse (5.18%), parental separation (7.7%), extra-rigid parents (2.6%), alcoholic parents (18.2%), child abuse and mother's death in childhood (2.6%). Infant trauma and psychopathology showed a significant relationship concerning Hostility (No 1.75±1.209, Yes 2.26±1.759), Unnatural Movements and Posture (No 1.55±0.945, Yes 1.16±0.545), Depression (No 1.25±0.550, Yes 1.74±1.284) and Preoccupation (No 2.75±1.410, Yes 3.26±1.996).ConclusionsInfant trauma is common in paranoid schizophrenia and our findings give some evidence to a relationship with psychopathology, especially with dimensions as Hostility, Unnatural Movements and Posture, Depression and Preoccupation. Despite sample size, a high proportion (55.8%) of the patients presented infant trauma and future research is needed in order to open new avenues in this field, particularly studies concerning infant trauma and symptomatology specificity will be greatly appreciated as well as the plausible link to personality traits and personality disorders.
P03-61 - Characteristic CSF and peripheral blood cytokine levels in neurological and psychiatric patients
Authors: Maxeiner H.G. , Kurfiss S. , Brettschneider J. , Bechter K. , Lehmensiek V. , Tumani H. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundWe investigated neuropsychiatric patients with non-bacterial meningitis (N-MEN)), assumed chronic low level neuroinflammation (schizophrenic SCH-S and affective spectrum disorders PSYCH-A) and tension headache (CEPH). Cytokines investigated were IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-8/CXCL8, the antiinflammatory IL-10 and IL-17.Purposeto differentiate chronic and acute neuropsychiatric diseases by cytokine profiles and to evaluate cytokine levels in the CSF and peripheral blood to characterize the two compartmentsMethodsIncluded were 10 N-MEN, 10 CEPH, 15 PSYCH-A and 16 PSYCH-S patients. Peripheral blood and CSF was taken in parallel. Measurement on a commercial multiplex immunoassayplatform (Mesoscale) by a modified protocol. Statistics: Mann-Whitney-U-Test and Kruskal-Wallis H-Test.ResultsHighest levels of IL1b, IL-2, IL-8 and IL-17 were observed in the CSF of N-MEN, whereas in serum, levels were not or slightly elevated. Significant (p< 0.05) tested in CSF for N-MEM versus CEPH,PSYCH-A,PSYCH-S for IL-8 and versus PSYCH-A,PSYCH-S for IL-17. IL-10 CSF levels were also highest in N-MEM, and significant also versus CEPH,PSYCH-A,PSYCH-S, but IL-10 in serum was even higher than in CSF. We observed in all cytokine (except IL-2) significant differences either in serum or in CSF or both between the diseases; but more frequent CSF than in the serum.N-MEN patients displayed highest ratios of CSF to serum levels for all cytokines (mean between 1.6 and 63).ConclusionsInvestigation of cytokines in CSF is more sensitive than in serum to detect differences between neuropsychiatric diseases. Cytokine patterns are disease specific. Elevated IL-1beta, IL-2 and IL-8 CSF/serum ratios in N-MEM may indicate an intrathecal synthesis of cytokines.
P03-64 - Impact of negative symptoms on psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia
Authors: Hunter R. , Barry S. ,   EGOFORS Research Group
Published: June 2010

IntroductionDespite advances in the last decade, people with schizophrenia remain disabled by negative symptoms and function poorly in community settings. Until recently negative symptoms were neglected as a treatment target despite apparent recognition of their importance among clinicians.AimsTo examine the impact of negative symptoms on psychosocial functioning in order to assess the importance of such symptoms as a potential treatment target.Methods295 community based participants with DSM4R schizophrenia were recruited in 11 different European centres and assessed using the following scales: PANSS, GAF, Personal and Social Performance (PSP), Quality of Life Scale (QLS), Functional Recovery Scale in Schizophrenia (FRSS) and PsychoSocial Remission in Schizophrenia (PSRS). Relationships between and negative symptoms and functionality were examined using standard statistical approaches.ResultsIn this European cohort negative symptom scores were highly correlated with poor psychosocial functioning in participants living in the community. This significant trend occurred across different scales for measuring functional assessment.ConclusionsThe pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia appears rather becalmed at present. First and second generation antipsychotics appear to have similar efficacy for positive symptoms, different side effect profiles, but little impact on negative symptoms. This study shows a close relationship between negative symptoms and psychosocial functioning: high negative symptom scores are associated with poor functioning. This work supports the view that negative symptoms are a key target for drug development with significant potential benefit for the functioning of individuals. Drug development will increasingly focus on negative symptoms and develop effective adjunctive medication used with existing antipsychotics.
P03-79 - The value of self and object organization in the divelopment of SCH process - case report
Authors: Kostic J. , Krasic D. , Milosavljevic L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesWe observe the schizophrenia process through specific structural terms - specific models and shapes of the internalisation deficit and consequental structural variability.MethodWe describe the specific influence of the developmental deficit on the schizophrenic process by presenting the case of a 17 year old female patient diagnosed with schizophrenic psychosis hebefrenic form. By observing the patient's life history, we interpreted her psychological development throug early introjective configurations, identification process, the phase of forming realistic images of the self and the outher world and the forming of the Ego identity. The current state is explained throug deficit Ego functions.ResultsThe bringing up of the patient in an unstable and disturbing primary family group, with the mother suffering from Sch psychosis and a grandmother addicted to alchocol, caused pathological modifications in the introjective process and forming of a confused Ego identity. Fragility, non-differentiality and polar exclusiveness of mental representations, which is dependant on the characteristics of the primary object relationschipts, form an insecure mental structure which the patient uses to schape her perception of herself and the world, which can be phenomenologically recognised in the direct and inner presentation of the devil and god as clear and utterly scharp opposites.ConclusionThe schizophrenic process is connected to the developmental deficit which is conditioned by the failure to organize and integrate the inherent structures forming the core of individual self organization. This essentialy directs development toward the schizophrenic process.
P03-93 - Basal Metabolism In A Sample Of Patients Treated With Atypical Antipsychotics
Authors: Mauri M. , Cargioli C. , Orsolini G. , Ciberti A. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSecond generation antipsycotics (SGAs) represent an essential treatment for Psychotic Disorders. However SGAs cause weight gain and metabolic disorders with an unknown mechanism.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to investigate whether weight gain may be caused by a reduction in resting energy expenditure (REE).MethodsWe recruited 34 pazients who received a clinical diagnosis of Bipolar Disorder I, Schizoaffective Disorder or Schizophrenia. Patients were in antipsychotic monotherapy (clozapine, olanzapine or aripiprazole). We measured REE by indirect calorimetry and we calculated theorical REE utilizing LARN and Harris-Benedict (H-B) equation.ResultsThe difference between the average value of REE measured in patients (1295Kcal/die) and the average value of REE estimated by LARN and H-B equation (1719Kcal/die and 1741Kcal/die) was respectively 423Kcal/die and 445Kcal/die: both the differences resulted statistically significative (p< 0.01). This reduction of REE results in a weight gain of 1,7 kg in a month.ConclusionsIt is necessary to inform patients about the side effects of SGAs. Lifestyle counseling and pharmacological assistance, or switching to another antipsychotic are possible strategies.
P03-165 - Coercive Measures In Acute Inpatient Care In Italy
Authors: Del Vecchio V. , Luciano M. , Giacco D. , Vinci V. , Volpe U. , Fiorillo A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesTo provide a comprehensive review of past and current implementation of coercive measures in Italy.MethodsLiterature review (cross-referencing in PubMed, Embase, and Index Medicus) concerning the application of coercive measures in Italy. Description of the past and current regulations as well as of the routine implementation of coercive measures in Italy has been also empirically summarized.ResultsThe Italian 1978 reform law on mental health care clearly established that medical treatment and tests are mainly voluntary. Only under special circumstances, the medical authority can order a patient involuntary admission and the physician is obliged to provide necessary tests and medical treatment. However, even if coercive measures are usually placed without patient's consent, the first objective should remain to protect patient's interest and rights, in accordance to the Italian Constitution. In Italy, there are no officially recognised protocols on coercive measures for acute inpatient care and each psychiatric ward adopts its own rules and internal norms.ConclusionsIn Italy, patients with aggressive or dangerous behaviours are approached by the staff according to a “de-escalating” model, in which physical and mechanical restraint should be adopted only when any other therapeutic options previously failed. Proposals aimed to improve the implementation of coercive measures in clinical practice will be provided.
P03-167 - Correlation Between Patients’ Insight And Clinical / Sociodemographic Variables During The Intervention Of A Regional Mobile Psychiatric Unit
Authors: Filopoyloy M. , Syros I. , Tsiafaki V. , Panagoutsos P. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThe study of the correlation between the insight of the patients attended by a Regional Mobile Psychiatric Unit, and various clinical and sociodemographic variables. The evaluation of the insight included the compliance of the patient to the treatment, his awareness regarding his illness as well as to the therapist notion concerning the way the patient was coming in terms with his disease.Methods45 psychotic patients aged 17-67 were studied. Spearman rank correlation, x2 statistical test and stepwise multiple regression analysis were used in order to determine the relation between the variables at the beginning as well as at the end of the 5-year study.Results-conclusions•The subjects who had no insight of their disease prior to research were not prescribed. During the intervention, the patients’ insight as well as their compliance to the prescription was improved. However, this correlation did not remain significant at the end of the study.•The diagnosis of the patients as well as the family history of a mental disease was related to the degree of their insight before the intervention.•The more socialized a patient was before the intervention, the more insightful he was not only before, but also after the intervention.•The more motivated a patient was regarding his leisures on his free time after the intervention the more insightful he was before the intervention.•The patients’ insight was positively correlated to the duration and the number of the previous admissions prior and after the intervention respectively.
P03-168 - Quality Of Life And Stress Coping Regarding People With Psychiatric Disorders In A One-Year Training
Authors: Garber K. , Reich M. , Giacomuzzi S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesEvaluation of QOL, stress and coping strategies of people with psychiatric disorders after a one-year training course for social and occupational reintegration.MethodsThe main elements of the study focused on the SVF 120 (Stress Processing Questionnaire) and PLC (Quality of Life with Chronic Disease questionnaire).ResultsIn total a number of 20 people were enrolled in the study. Mean age of the participants was 33.4 years. The reintegration programme showed a retention rate of 100%. The PLC questionnaire showed no statistically significant results (p>0.050). The SVF 120 showed a slightly better score after one year regarding social encapsulating (p= 0.056) and trivializing (p = 0.021). After the one-year training course 60% of the participants could be reintegrated in an occupational activity and 40% could achieve a better social status.ConclusionsOur results showed that participant of the programme used stress coping strategies morte than before the course. Reintegration data make clear that training courses of people with psychiatric disorders can achieve valuable results.
P03-169 - Training Courses On Basic Qualifications And Empowerment For People With Psychiatric Disorders And Its Impact On Occupational Re-Entry And Self-Determination
Authors: Garber K. , Mangler E.-M. , Gaicomuzzi S. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesEvaluating the effectiveness of training courses for basic qualification for occupational re-entry, empowerment and self-determination.MethodsParticipants with psychiatric disorders attended a one-year course on basic qualifications and empowerment for occupational re-entry. The main elements of the course were empowerment topics and training of self-determination. On behalf of the psychiatric disorders data sets were collected in a narrative manner.ResultsA total of 28 people were enrolled in the study. 57.2% of the participants were male and 42.8% female. Male mean age was 34.2a and female 33.3a (p>0.050). Among other psychiatric disorders 45.5% of the participants showed problems with alcohol. Before the programme 100% of the participants were jobless. The retention rate after one year was 9.1%. 27.3% could be placed in kind of a occupational training. The same rate of participants could get into a job after the one-year course. Participants judged self-determination significant higher after the one-year course. Training costs amounted to 4.867Euro/Person/year.ConclusionsA high percentage of the study participants could be re-integrated into the working market. Basic qualification and empowerment programmes could be an effective tool for people with mental disorders regarding social and occupational issues.
P03-173 - Social Psychiatry And Social Policy In The 21st Century: New Concepts For New Needs
Authors: Johnson R. , Haig R. ,   Royal College of Psychiatrists’ Enabling Environments Action Group
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesThis paper reports and reflects upon 50 years’ evolution of social psychiatry in the UK context, including internal debates, and parallel policy and service developments in the “outside”, nonhealth world. It reviews the history and development of the therapeutic community approach since the immediate post-war era, summarises the current position in emerging UK policy, and looks to the future with new conceptual tools to describe current initiatives in public mental health and community-oriented mental health.MethodsA review and analysis of historical, research and “grey” literature (ie: especially government policy pronouncements), including discussions with clinicians and policy makers over future trends.ResultsTwo new conceptual frameworks are emerging - the “Psychologically Informed Planned Environment” and the “Enabling Environment” - which between them both embody and encourage current new thinking on the health and well-being contexts of community cohesion, and the introduction of enlightened management for enhanced well-being in hospitals, prisons, schools and workplaces, housing projects and places of faith.ConclusionsFrom the remnants of the post-war therapeutic community movement, a new terminology is emerging to address the demands of community psychiatry for the 21st Century. Recognising the social determinants of health and the challenge to health inequalities, and the health and well-being contexts of social capital and community cohesion, this framework raises quasi-philosophical questions over shared values, and highlights the necessity to work with reflective practice and collective accountability for an inter-dependent world.
P03-178 - Participation Restrictions At Work And At Home In Primary Care Patients
Authors: Linden M. , Muschalla B. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundHealth problems are often associated with activity limitations and participation restrictions (ICF, WHO, 2001). An example are problems at work or sick leave. The research question has been whether in these cases activity limitations and participation restrictions refer only to the workplace, or whether and to which degree other areas of life are similarly affected.MethodType and degree of participation restrictions in different domains of life were assessed in 382 primary health care patients (aged 18-65) with the IMET, a questionnaire which measures participation restrictions across several domains of life. Additionally, the patients were interviewed about health-related problems at work. IMET scores were compared between patients with and without health related problems at work.Results27% of 299 presently employed patients were suffering from workplace problems. These patients had significantly longer durations of sick leave than patients without problems at work and also reported significantly more problems in functioning in general daily activities.ConclusionWorkplace problems are a frequent topic in primary health care and related to sick leave. Health related problems at work are indicative for problems in functioning in other areas of life as well. Participation restrictions in non-work areas can be early indicators for participation problems at work.