bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cross- sectional study to assess medication safety, knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding nutrition and medication among pregnant women
Authors: Gauthami R , Shaji Bipin , Twinkle MJS , Radhakrishnan Krishnapriya , Kolar Reshma , Joel Juno Jerold 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To assess pregnant women's knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding nutrition and medication usage, analyse the prescribing pattern, and categorize them based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 264 pregnant women in the obstetrics and gynaecology department of a tertiary care hospital from October 2022 to August 2023. A knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) questionnaire was prepared in English language by the researchers and validated by an expert panel consisting of 12 members. The validated questionnaire was then translated into regional languages, Kannada and Malayalam. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed with test-retest method with a representative sample population of 30 subjects (10 subjects for each language). The subjects' knowledge, attitude, and practice were evaluated using the validated KAP questionnaire. The safety of the medication was assessed using the FDA drug safety classification for pregnancy.

Results:
The mean scores for nutritional and medication usage knowledge, attitude, and practice were 4.14±1.15, 4.50±1.09, and 3.00±1.47, respectively. Among 30 prescribed medications, 3 belong to category A (no risk in human studies), 8 belong to category B (no risk in animal studies), 18 belong to category C (risk cannot be ruled out) and 1 drug is not classified. A significant association was observed between medication knowledge and practice (r=0.159, P=0.010).

Conclusions:
Most of the study population knows the need to maintain good dietary and medication practices during pregnancy. Counselling pregnant women regarding diet and medication usage is crucial in maternal care.
Psychosocial interventions for infertile couples: A scoping review
Authors: Sunil Sreemol , Anish K. R. 
Published: May 2024

Objective:
To bring out current evidence regarding psycho-social interventions for infertility care, and identify the best practices in clinical care.

Methods:
An in-depth literature review on infertility care intervention was conducted using data from multiple databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO. The relevant articles selected were between 2008 and 2022.

Results:
A literature search turned up 1 798 citations, of which 25 studies were included after rigorous analysis. Various intervention categories have been constantly utilised to provide support and promote mental health, of which acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) were used most frequently. The interventions exhibited diversity in both content and composition, and addressed a wide range of issues.

Conclusions:
The review emphasizes that psycho-social interventions have a positive effect on psychological issues, relationships, and pregnancies among couples and can be incorporated into fertility-care practices.
Evaluation of Factors Affecting the Quantity and Quality of Platelet-Rich Plasma and Platelet-Derived Growth Factor-BB
Authors: Verma Rahul , Sharma Priyanka , Negi Gita , Kandwal Abhishek , Chandra Harish 
Published: May 2024

Context:
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) releases growth factors (GFs) upon activation which accelerates the healing and regeneration in the target tissue. Wider applications of PRP warrant product standardization. PRP compositions may vary according to the patient's demographics and the constituents of PRP.

Aims:
Our study aimed to assess the correlations between age, gender, platelet counts, platelet indices, platelet yield, platelet dose, GF dose, and platelet-derived GF-BB (PDGF-BB) concentration.

Settings and Design:
This was an experimental study done in the Department of Pathology along with the Department of Dentistry at a tertiary care hospital in North India.

Subjects and Methods:
PRP was prepared from 40 ml of whole blood. Platelet counts, platelet indices (LH 750 coulter analyzer, Florida, USA), and PDGF-BB levels (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Qayee Bio., Ltd, China) were measured. Platelet yield (%), platelet dose (×106), and GF dose (×1012) in PRP were also calculated.

Statistical Analysis Used:
All the parameters were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression. Paired t-test and Mann–Whitney test were used for two-group analysis.

Results:
Mean platelet count, PDGF-BB concentration, platelet yield, platelet dose, and GF dose in PRP were 1317 × 103/mm3, 30 ± 9.89 ng/ml, 71.62 ± 28.34%, 6.5 ± 3.5 × 109, and 159.62 ± 52.39 ng/ml, respectively. PRP platelet counts were positively correlated with PDGF-BB concentration, platelet yield, platelet dose, and GF dose.

Conclusions:
Of all the parameters, PDGF-BB concentration, platelet yield, platelet dose, and GF dose showed a positive correlation with PRP platelet count. Age, gender, and platelet indices had no significant influence.
Correlates of COVID-19 Incidence
Authors: Haldar Dibakar , Maji Baisakhi , Ray Samir Kumar , Mondal Tanushree , Adhikary Anjan , Pradhan Parthapratim , Burman Debasish Roy 
Published: May 2024

Background and Objectives:
The enigma COVID-19 pandemic already involved major parts of globe with toll of 2,074,529 victims and 139,378 deaths from 213 countries/territories as on April 14, 2020. It cripples nations by the loss of human resources, economic decline, hunger, unemployment insecurities giving way to mental morbidities, and still many others to be discovered. Till it completes its trajectory, a systematic investigation, a prerequisite of any epidemic control, is warranted.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey over 2 weeks (April 15, 2020–April 28, 2020) has been conducted at a teaching institution at Kolkata aiming to describe the magnitude, pattern, severity, and correlates of coronavirus pandemic 2020. Data pertaining to COVID-19 cases, deaths of affected countries, and their reported and or potential correlates were retrieved from various public domains, for example, https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/situation-reports, worldpopulationreview.com, data.worldbank.org.

Results:
Multiple linear regression analysis revealed a maximum R
2 of 32.3% (P = 0.013) with a significant model fit (P = 0.000) for COVID-19 incidence rate per million which is associated positively with the proportion of the urban population (b = 0.024) and the percentage of the population aged 65 years or higher (b = 0.112) and negatively with current universal Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination (b = −1.021) policy of countries.

Conclusion:
Against this viral catastrophe evidence-based classical public health measures are underway. Notwithstanding variations in testing and reporting policy, the findings of this research ignite further study.
Effect of Hydatid Cyst Antigens Polyspecific Antisera on Breast Cancer Cells (4T1) Growth in Cell Culture Medium
Authors: Darani Hossein Yousofi , Sharafi Seyedeh Maryam 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
Hydatid cyst is the Echinococcus granulosus larvae stage and is responsible for echinococcosis. Anticancer effects of hydatid cyst have been shown in human population, experimental animals, and in vitro works. However, the mechanisms of this anticancer activity are not clarified. Hence, in this work, the effect of antisera raised against hydatid cyst antigens on the growth of breast cancer cells has been investigated.

Materials and Methods:
In this experimental study, the various hydatid cyst antigens were prepared. To raise antisera, each of the hydatid cyst antigens (hydatid cyst fluid, germinal and laminated, protoscolex, and excretory-secretory [ES]) and toxoplasma trophozoite were injections to rabbits. The production of specific antibodies in rabbits determinate by enzyme-linked immunoassay, and then, the rabbit's blood was taken, and their sera isolated under the hood in sterile conditions. Before use, all antisera were inactivated at 56°C for half an hour and also placed under ultraviolet light for 20 min to disinfect. Breast cancer cells in the culture medium were purchased from the Pasteur Institute of Iran and growth in CO2 incubator in the Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) medium. After appropriate, the cells were counted and divided equally in eight-cell culture flasks and treated with different antisera of hydatid cyst. After 32-h incubation, the number of live cells was counted by trypan blue methods and compared with control groups.

Results:
Based on the results of this research, the difference between the number of live cells after treatment with antisera against hydatid cyst fluid, toxoplasma trophozoite, and ES antigen was significantly different from number of cells in flask treated with normal rabbit serum.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, due to the presence of common antigens between parasites and cancer, probably antibodies produced against hydatid cyst antigens may affect the growth of cells in the culture media.
Analysis of Human Discomfort due to Thermal and Respiratory Factors in a Foundry Environment
Authors: Appukutti Shanmuganathan , Sharma Neeta 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The purpose of this article is to analyze subjective self-evaluation of thermal and respiratory discomfort experienced by workers in the foundry industry.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred and sixty-one workers aged 18–55 years participated in this study. Discomfort due to high temperatures, hot work, skin rashes, cramps, fatigue, weakness, respiratory problems, and inhalation was subjectively evaluated by the questionnaire survey. The questionnaire is validated, and Cronbach's alpha test and Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin's test are applied to ensure data reliability and adequacy.

Results:
The results indicated that the highest and lowest percentage of workers experiencing at least one discomfort is 86% and 4%, respectively. Furthermore, 11 out of 19 discomfort factors scored above the average thermal and respiratory discomfort score of 2.5 on the scale of 5.

Conclusion:
According to this study outcome, more exploration is needed on the relationship among thermal and respiratory discomfort and its effect on the workers in the foundry environment.
Investigation of Temperature Indicators, Thermal Comfort, and Mental Performance Parameters among Taxi Drivers in Winter
Authors: Dabaghi Elahe , Dehghan Habibollah , Shakerian Mahnaz 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
Safe driving is influenced by various factors, including the driver's level of cognitive performance and thermal comfort. The aim of this study was to investigate temperature indicators, thermal comfort, and mental function parameters among taxi drivers in winter.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on 30 taxi drivers in the morning and evening (8–9AM, 4–6PM). In this study, temperature parameters, including dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity, thermal comfort indices, demographic parameters and cognitive performance parameters, including accuracy, work speed, attention, number of errors, mental fatigue, concentration skills, and auditory short-term memory, were measured. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS version 26.

Results:
The average dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity inside the cabin in the morning and evening were 23.2%, 22.1%, 22.3%, and 21.3%, respectively. The results showed that the drivers' dissatisfaction with the temperature in the morning and evening shifts was 6% and 5.6%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in the measured parameters in the morning and evening shifts (P > 0.05). The results showed that there was a significant relationship between age and some cognitive function parameters (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
More than 90% of drivers feel comfortable when the average dry bulb temperature of 22%–23% can be used to adjust the optimal temperature of the cabin vehicle in winter. Age is an effective factor in the cognitive performance of drivers and the cognitive performance of the drivers was not in a favorable condition, which requires further study to investigate the causes of this issue.
Fire Risk Assessment and Educational Intervention in Operating Room Personnel: An Intervention Study in Isfahan Hospitals
Authors: Alizade Mohammadreaz , Ghadami Ahmad , Heidari Zahra , Jalali Mahdi , Habibi Ehsanollah 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of educational intervention on operating room personnel's knowledge of fire factors and lowering the level of fire risk in some selected hospitals in Isfahan city.

Materials and Methods:
This interventional study was conducted on 113 operating room personnel of Isfahan hospitals in Iran. A standard questionnaire (with 28 questions) was employed to assess the level of knowledge of the operating room personnel about the sources of combustion and ways to prevent it. The fire risk assessment method for engineering was employed to assess the fire risk of hospitals, and the risk level was calculated for the building and its contents (R), personnel (R1), and activity risk (R2). SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data.

Results:
Forty-eight participants (36.1%) were men, and 85 participants (63.9%) were women. The findings demonstrated that the mean (standard deviation) score of personnel's fire safety knowledge was statistically enhanced before and after the educational intervention (10.62 [3.20] and 15.40 [2.66], respectively (P < 00.01). The findings of the fire risk assessment demonstrated that the risk of personnel has the maximum risk score, which is higher than one in all instances. Following personnel risk, the building and its contents risk had the maximum overall risk score. Following the educational intervention, the findings of the fire risk assessment demonstrated that the overall risk of the building and its contents, the overall risk of personnel, and the overall risk of the activity all reduced from 0.588–0.423, 4.174–3.408, to 0.543–0.498, respectively.

Conclusion:
Proper implementation of educational programs can reduce fire risk while also enhancing personnel knowledge and improving operating room safety. Accordingly, hospitals should incorporate the implementation of educational programs into their routine activities.
Modeling Factors Affecting the Susceptibility of Construction Workers to Accidents using Structural Equation Model
Authors: Safaei Yahya , Dehghan Habibollah , Khorshidikia Samane , Habibi Ehsanollah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim:
Identifying the factors affecting the susceptibility to accident aiming to reach a better understanding of this phenomenon and review preventive strategies is of the utmost consequence. The present study was carried out with the aim to model the factors affecting the susceptibility of construction workers to an accident using the structural equation model.

Materials and Methods:
This research was of cross-sectional type which was conducted on 200 people in one of the construction sectors in one of the oil refineries from 2020 to 2021. Participants were divided into accident and nonaccident groups. Data were collected using demographic questions contained in 11 questionnaires in three individual, organizational, and social areas. SPSS and PLS-SEM software were also used for statistical analysis and modeling.

Results:
There was a significant relationship between the two groups in the final score of accident susceptibility, individual personality in the field of openness, and safety culture in the field of work environment (P < 0.05). The findings showed that job stress has a direct relationship with accident proneness and individual factors and social factors have an inverse relationship with accident proneness.

Conclusion:
After juxtaposing the data, in addition to identifying people with higher accident susceptibility, it can be concluded that industry managers should take into account the background and influencing factors which affect this variable to lessen the accidents. The managers are also requested to improve working conditions, provide the workers with more training, and examine individual and social factors in addition to taking safety measures.
Investigating the Effects of Different Levels of Lighting on the Attention Index of Male and Female: An Experimental Study
Authors: Mohebian Zohreh , Dehghan Habibollah , Hoseinbore Mohsen 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of lighting on the attention index of males and females under thermal comfort.

Materials and Methods:
To measure the effect of different lighting levels (200, 500, and 1500 lux) on attention index, Toulouse-Piéron Test was conducted in a chamber under thermal comfort condition (22°C, 45% RH). This study was conducted on 33 healthy students (17 males/16 females) with a mean (±standard deviation) age of 22.1 ± 2.3 years. The exposure time was 1.5 h.

Results:
The results indicated that the reduction in lighting level (200 lux) significantly decreased the attention index, speed, and accuracy of performance for both groups; however, this descending trend for the male participants was slightly higher than the female ones (P < 0.05). On the other hand, by increasing the lighting level (500 and 1500 lux), the attention index of the individuals was significantly improved under distracting and busy working environment (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
The results of the present study demonstrated that the female participants showed better performance and lower mistakes in accuracy-demanded tasks. It was also found that, compared to the female participants, the attention level of the male participants was more easily affected. Furthermore, by increasing the lighting level, the distraction level among the female participants was lower than that of the males, and their ability to do dual tasks was significantly enhanced.
The Protective Potency of Medemia argun (an Egyptian palm) Against Oxidative Stress and Tissue Injury Induced by Gamma Radiation in Rats
Authors: Abdel-Alim Mohamed Ebrahim , Moussa H.R. , El-Saied Fathy A. , Abd-Allah Moataz Ahmed , Salim Nesrein Saad 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
Radiation affects all biological processes in the human body. Medemia argun(an Egyptian palm) is a mysterious plant from southern Egypt. In ancient Egypt, MA dried dates have been found in the famed tomb of Tutankhamun. Globally, this is the first study to look at the metabolomics and biological efficiency of Medemia argun(MA) in mitigating the risks of γ-irradiation.

Materials and Methods:
Rats were subjected to a single dose of γ-irradiation (6 Gy) for the whole body and injected intraperitoneally with or without MA ethanolic seed extract (200 mg/kg b. wt.). We studied the LD50 of MA ethanolic seed extract in vivo using male rats, liver function, antioxidant enzymes, inflammatory biomarkers, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) to assess the biological functions and beneficial effects of the MA seed's ethanolic extract in reducing the γ-irradiation risks in rats. Also, DNA fragmentation was investigated via a Comet assay. Histopathological examinations were also performed. In addition, phytochemical analysis for MA was conducted.

Results:
The obtained results showed that 200 mg/kg b. wt. of MA ethanolic seed's extract is the recommended dose. γ-radiation increased DNA fragmentation, NO, MDA, inflammatory biomarkers, and liver function. Furthermore, there is a significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes, T. protein, and albumin. Conversely, MA (200 mg/kg b. wt.) treatment for 6 weeks effectively reflects most of the altered measurements induced by γ-radiation. Furthermore, histopathological examinations revealed that γ-radiation causes significant deleterious changes in the structure of liver tissue, whereas MA treatment preserves the cellular structure of the liver without the appearance of any changes.

Conclusions:
Our results showed that MA can be used as a healthy food during radiotherapy as a natural therapeutic drug due to its valuable nutritional benefits, safe nature, and low cost.
Designing, Manufacturing, and Evaluating the Performance of Active Liquid Cooling Vest in Hot Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Dehghani Elaheh , Dehghan Habibollah 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
The present study aims to design, manufacture, and evaluate the performance of an active liquid cooling vest (ALCV) to control the heat strain in hot laboratory conditions.

Materials and Methods:
An ALCV was designed with a cold liquid circulation system in tubes embedded inside the vest. A performance of ALCV in the hot laboratory conditions with an average temperature of 38.5°C and relative humidity of 40% was done with ALCV and none-ALCV (NALCV). Parameters such as heart rate, oral temperature (OT), thermal sensation (TS), perceived exertion (PE), and chest temperature (CT), forehead temperature (FT), and scapula temperature (ST) were measured. Paired t-test was used to compare the average of the data.

Results:
The results illustrated that the difference between the average temperature of the ST and CT with ALCV and NALCV, it was 2°C ± 0.5°C. There was a statistically significant difference between the average PE and TS in two testing conditions (P < 0.05). Paired t-test showed that there is no significant difference between the average FT and OT in the two testing conditions (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
Due to the positive effects of the designed ALCV in reducing skin temperature, heat sensation, and PE, this cooling vest can be used as a useful and cost-effective solution to reduce the level of heat strain in hot environments.
A case of primary adrenal insufficiency unfolding itself as a genetic syndrome
Authors: Garg Nancy , Mudraje Sriram , Jindal Sushil , Khare Jaideep , Bansal Shaifali 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Addison disease can occur at any age but most often presents during the second or third decades of life. An 11-year-old male child presented to us with complaints of pigmentation of the skin, decreased appetite, and weight loss from the last 1 year. He also had visual disturbances and learning disabilities from last 6 months. Investigations revealed the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency and neuroimaging done was suggestive of diffuse demyelination. For further confirmation, a blood sample was sent for determination of very long chain fatty acids, which revealed accumulation of C26 fatty acids, thus confirming the diagnosis of adrenoleukodystrophy. He was treated with hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone, and anti-oxidants and was referred for bone marrow transplantation. X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy is a genetic disease, so a high index of suspicion is required to diagnose it in cases presenting primarily with non-neurological symptoms.