bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trajectories of systemic immune inflammation index and mortality risk in patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Tang Zhiyong , Liao Canlin , Zhuang Zerui , Xu Zhennan , Liu Mingfa , Xu Haixiong 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundSome studies have shown a strong link between the central nervous system and peripheral immune system, but the prognostic implications of dynamic peripheral immune-inflammatory responses in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) remain unclear. This study aimed to determine the dynamic trajectory patterns of the Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) in patients with TBI and assess its association with all-cause hospital mortality.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilized a large public database of patients with TBI sourced from the eICU Collaborative Research Database (eICU-CRD). Group-Based Trajectory Modeling (GBTM) was used to analyze daily SII trajectories during the initial 0–7 days of hospitalization. Logistic regression was employed to assess the relationship between different SII trajectory groups and hospital mortality. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were generated based on the logistic regression model.ResultsA total of 312 patients were included in this study, 52 of whom died during hospitalization. Using GBTM, three distinct SII trajectories were identified: Group 1 (low-level, rapid decline; 18.90%), Group 2 (moderate-level, slow decline; 60.20%), and Group 3 (sustained high-level; 20.80%). Compared to patients in Group 1, those in Groups 2 and 3 had a higher risk of all-cause hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 4.09; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.21, 19.75) and (OR 5.84; 95% CI 1.52, 30.67), respectively. ROC analysis revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.838, sensitivity: 75.0%, and specificity: 83.8% for mortality in this cohort.ConclusionThis study identified three distinct SII trajectories, suggesting that post-TBI SII trajectories are heterogeneous patterns associated with mortality. The sustained high-level SII trajectory may serve as a marker of disease deterioration, highlighting the need for targeted interventions. Describing the evolution of SII through GBTM and its correlation with clinical outcomes can enhance our understanding of the link between neuroinflammation and the peripheral immune system.
A bibliometric analysis on delirium in intensive care unit from 2013–2023
Authors: Ma Xin , Wu Qingya , Ran Yue , Cao Xueqin , Zheng Hua 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundDelirium is a common manifestation of acute brain dysfunction among patients in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), afflicting an estimated 30–35% of this vulnerable population. The prevalence of delirium in ICU settings has catalyzed a surge in academic interest, as evidenced by a growing body of literature on the subject. This study seeks to synthesize the progress in understanding ICU delirium through a bibliometric analysis.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of the Web of Science Core (WOS) Collection database for literature on ICU delirium, focusing on studies published between 2013 and 2023. Our analysis utilized two bibliometric software tools, Citespace and VOSviewer, to scrutinize the data across various dimensions, including country contributions, authorship patterns, publishing journals, key thematic terms, and other pertinent metrics, with the aim of identifying emerging trends in the field.ResultsOur search yielded a total of 1,178 publications on ICU delirium within the WOS database from January 2013 to June 2023. The United States emerged as the leading contributor in terms of published articles, with Ely, E. Wesley being the most prolific author, having published 85 articles, and “Critical Care Medicine” as the journal with the highest number of publications, totaling 105. The application of literature clustering and keyword analysis revealed that future research is poised to delve deeper into areas such as pediatric delirium, risk factors, and the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies.ConclusionThis study employs bibliometric analysis to provide a multifaceted overview of the ICU delirium research landscape over the past decade. By examining the topic from various perspectives, we have not only mapped the current state of ICU delirium research but also illuminated potential avenues for future inquiry and areas of emphasis.
Impact of sleep chronotype on blood pressure and metabolic markers
Authors: Huang Weiwei , Wang Qinglu , Gao Yuan , Wang Jiefeng , Wang Feihao , Tang Jiyou 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between sleep chronotype and metabolic markers to further reveal the influence of sleep chronotype on human health.MethodsThe Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire was administered to 442 volunteers aged 23–70 years old. The sleep chronotype was divided into morning type (167 cases), neither type (224 cases), and evening type (51 cases). Blood pressure was recorded, and fasting venous blood samples were collected to assess liver function, renal function, blood glucose levels, blood lipid profile, and other biochemical parameters.Results1. There was a statistically significant difference in the age of the morning type, neither type, and evening type (p &lt; 0.01), but there was no significant difference in gender, height, weight, and BMI (ps &gt; 0.05). 2. After controlling for the influence of age-related factors, significant differences were seen between morning type, neither type, and evening type groups in creatinine and aspartate aminotransferase (p &lt; 0.05). 3. After controlling for the influence of age-related factors, the evening type group had lower systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure, and mean arterial pressure (MAP) compared to the morning type and neither type (p &lt; 0.05). 4. After controlling the influence of age-related factors, the MEQ scores were positively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure (r = 0.099, 0.096, 0.104, ps &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe evening sleep type is more prone to daytime sleepiness. There were significant differences observed in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and MAP. These variations may be linked to the effects of different sleep chronotype on blood pressure regulation or the blood pressure’s autonomous rhythm.
Unmet needs in the management of migraine in Greece from the perspective of medical experts: a Delphi consensus
Authors: Kourlaba Georgia , Vikelis Michail , Karapanayiotides Theodoros , Solakidi Argyro , Trafalis Dimitrios , Lioliou Katerina , Andriopoulos Panagiotis , Panagiotou Aspasia , Mitsikostas Dimos-Dimitrios 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionMigraine is a chronic, debilitating neurological disorder affecting billions worldwide. While not life-threatening, migraine patients experience significant unmet needs in diagnosis and management. Addressing these challenges could result in improvement of patient outcomes and reduction of the socioeconomic burden migraine imposes on individuals, healthcare system and the society.ObjectiveThis survey aimed to capture in Greece the perspective of medical experts (neurologists) specializing in migraine management regarding the socioeconomic burden of migraine and the unmet needs in diagnosis and treatment.MethodsAn online Delphi-based survey was conducted with 13 neurologists, experts in migraine. The survey consisted of 55 statements derived from literature research, regarding the burden of disease, diagnosis, treatment and unmet needs. Participants’ level of agreement for each statement was measured through a 5-point Likert scale (“Strongly Agree,” “Agree,” “Neither Agree nor Disagree,” “Disagree” and “Strongly Disagree”). Three rounds of voting were conducted to achieve consensus. The consensus threshold was set at 70% of responses, focusing on “Strongly Agree”/ “Agree” or “Disagree”/ “Strongly Disagree.”ResultsMost experts agreed on statements emphasizing on financial and social impact of the disease and its epidemiology. However, consensus was not reached on statements concerning patient preferences for treatment administration, treatment adherence, opioid use, and frequency of visits to neurologists. Consensus was reached on the need for better healthcare professional training and the development of effective, safe treatments.ConclusionThis survey highlighted the challenges of prompt diagnosis and effective management of migraine. Addressing these needs requires patient-centered approaches, enhanced healthcare-provider training, tailored therapeutic interventions, and advanced communication platforms.
Quantitative evaluation method of stroke association based on multidimensional gait parameters by using machine learning
Authors: Wang Cheng , Long Zhou , Wang Xiang-Dong , Kong You-Qi , Zhou Li-Chun , Jia Wei-Hua , Li Pei , Wang Jing , Wang Xiao-Juan , Tian Tian 
Published: February 2025

ObjectiveNIHSS for stroke is widely used in clinical, but it is complex and subjective. The purpose of the study is to present a quantitative evaluation method of stroke association based on multi-dimensional gait parameters by using machine learning.Methods39 ischemic stroke patients with hemiplegia were selected as the stroke group and 187 healthy adults from the community as the control group. Gaitboter system was used for gait analysis. Through the labeling of stroke patients by clinicians with NIHSS score, all gait parameters obtained were used to select appropriate gait parameters. By using machine learning algorithm, a discriminant model and a hierarchical model were trained.ResultsThe discriminant model was used to distinguish between healthy people and stroke patients. The overall detection accuracy of the model based on KNN, SVM and Randomforest algorithms is 92.86, 92.86 and 90.00%, respectively. The hierarchical model was used to judge the severity of stroke in stroke patients. The model based on Randomforest, SVM and AdaBoost algorithm had an overall detection accuracy of 71.43, 85.71 and 85.71%, respectively.ConclusionThe proposed stroke association quantitative evaluation method based on multi-dimensional gait parameters has the characteristics of high accuracy, objectivity, and quantification.
The efficacy of an allosteric modulator of the alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in a murine model of stroke
Authors: Hernandez Katherine , Jones Nathan , Ortega Sterling B. 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionIschemic strokes contribute significantly to cardiovascular-related deaths in the U.S., with current interventions limited to thrombolytic agents. However, these agents present challenges such as a limited therapeutic window, incomplete reperfusion rates, risk of transformation, reperfusion-induced inflammation, and a lack of promoting neuroprotection. We investigated an additional strategy in which prior studies indicated a neuroprotective role. Using a murine transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model, we sought to evaluate the neurotherapeutic efficacy of a positive allosteric modulator of the alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), PNU-120596 (PNU), specifically examining whether PNU would modulate stroke-induced neurological dysfunction and neuropathology, with modulation of neuroinflammation as a possible mechanism.MethodsYoung male C57BL/6J mice received a subcutaneous injection of 20mg/kg of vehicle (DMSO) or PNU-120596 immediately after reperfusion, and infarct area and Bederson score were analyzed 24 hours post-stroke. In the 72-hour post-stroke study, the animals were injected with 20mg/kg of PNU or vehicle subcutaneously immediately after reperfusion, followed by two additional doses of 10mg/kg of PNU or vehicle at 24 and 48 hours post-tMCAO. Seventy-two hours later, behavior function and infarct area were assessed.ResultsIn contrast to previous rat studies that demonstrated improvements in clinical outcomes, a single administration of PNU following stroke induction led to a reduction in acute neuropathology but did not produce a significant improvement in motor outcomes. Prolonged treatment showed no significant changes in acute neuropathology or sensorimotor function. Additionally, an assessment of neuroinflammation revealed no changes in CD4 T-cell cellularity or phenotype.DiscussionThese findings, alongside prior studies, suggest that the therapeutic efficacy of PNU may be contingent upon the timing of administration, dosage, and pharmacokinetics.
A four-compartment controller model of muscle fatigue for static and dynamic tasks
Authors: Yang James , Rakshit Ritwik , Barman Shuvrodeb , Xiang Yujiang 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionCompartment based models of muscle fatigue have been particularly successful in accurately modeling isometric (static) tasks or actions. However, dynamic actions, which make up most everyday movements, are governed by different central and peripheral processes, and must therefore be modeled in a manner accounting for the differences in the responsible mechanisms. In the literature, a three-component controller (3CC) muscle fatigue model (MFM) has been proposed and validated for static tasks. A recent study reported a four-compartment muscle fatigue model considering both short- and long-term fatigued states. However, neither has been validated for both static and dynamic tasks.MethodsIn this work we proposed a new four-compartment controller model of muscle fatigue with enhanced recovery (4CCr) that allows the modeling of central and peripheral fatigue separately and estimates strength decline for static and dynamic tasks. Joint velocity was used as an indicator of the degree of contribution of either mechanism. Model parameters were estimated from part of the experimental data and finally, the model was validated through the rest of experimental data that were not used for parameter estimation.ResultsThe 3CC model cannot capture the fatigue phenomenon that the velocity of contraction would affect isometric strength measurements as shown in experimental data. The new 4CCr model maintains the predictions of the extensively validated 3CC model for static tasks but provides divergent predictions for isokinetic activities (increasing fatigue with increasing velocity) in line with experimentally observed trends. This new 4CCr model can be extended to various domains such as individual muscle fatigue, motor units’ fatigue, and joint-based fatigue.
The role of starting knee angle in squat jump force-velocity profiles: interactions with subjects’ strength levels and imputed push-off distance
Authors: Qin Xuelin , Liu Beibei , Tang Ruolin , Liu Yan , García-Ramos Amador 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionThis study investigated whether differences in the force-velocity (F-v) profile obtained using Samozino’s method during squat jumps (SJ) performed at varying knee angles are influenced by subjects’ strength levels and the push-off distance (HpO) used in the analysis.MethodsTwenty-one resistance-trained men were classified as stronger (n = 10) or weaker (n = 11) based on the external load required to achieve a 10 cm SJ height. F-v profiles were randomly assessed over three sessions, with SJs performed at starting knee angles of 70° (SJ70), 90° (SJ90), and 110° (SJ110), using either the actual HpO specific to each condition or a standardized HpO corresponding to SJ90.ResultsSignificant differences between SJ types were observed for maximum force (F0) and the F-v slope (SJ110 &gt; SJ90 &gt; SJ70). These differences were never influenced by subjects’ strength levels. The standardized HpO produced similar outcomes for maximum power (Pmax) and maximum velocity (v0), and more consistent results for F0 and the F-v slope compared to the actual HpO.DiscussionRegardless of strength levels, standardizing HpO at 90° and allowing subjects to select a starting knee angle between 70° and 90° could simplify the evaluation process and improve the comparability of F-v profiles across subjects when using Samozino’s method.
Social isolation in the young and middle-aged patients with stroke: role of social support, family resilience and hope
Authors: Wu Xiao Jia , Ke Ke , Liu Hui , Zhan Shao Ping , Wang Lei , He Juan Feng 
Published: February 2025

BackgroundStroke is the leading cause of death and disability among adults in China. Social isolation in stroke survivors is a major public health concern across the globe. Social isolation is associated with social support, family resilience, and levels of personal hope, but how they interact to predict social isolation in the young and middle-aged stroke survivors remains unclear.MethodsUsing cross-sectional design and convenience sampling method, a survey was conducted among 461 young and middle-aged stroke survivors. Perceived social support scale, General isolation Scale, Chinese version of Family Resilience Assessment Scale and Herth hope index were adopted to assess patients’ social, family and personal factors. SPSS 27.0 and AMOS 26.0 were used for descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling of the data.ResultsThe young and middle-aged stroke survivors had a high level of social isolation(49.57 ± 5.84). In the mediating effects model, social support could influence social isolation directly (95% CI -0.250, -0.061) or indirectly through family resilience (95% CI -0.136, -0.062) or patient hope level (95% CI -0.078, -0.017). In addition, Family resilience and hope had a significant chain mediating effect between social support and social isolation (95% CI -0.029, -0.006).ConclusionsSocial support can have both direct and indirect effects on social isolation through the mediating factors of family resilience and hope. Clinicians and nurses can develop supportive interventions by taking integration of family and personal hope. On the one hand, resources can be directed to the individual patient, and on the other hand, the utilization of social support can be ensured by increasing family resilience and enhancing the coping capacity of family members and individuals.
Contextual determinates of under-five malnutrition in mining communities: a critical review of nutrition interventions for optimal impact
Authors: Nyirenda Herbert Tato , Mulenga David , Nyambe-Silavwe Hilda 
Published: February 2025

PurposeMalnutrition continues to be a widespread and critical public health issue, yet there is a lack of comprehensive evidence synthesizing empirical findings and assessing the practicality of nutrition interventions in diverse contexts. This paper analyzes contextual data to establish a benchmark for selecting effective nutrition strategies, thereby maximizing their impact and ensuring targeted, sustainable outcomes.MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional design to examine the key drivers of nutrition in mining communities, focusing on children under five and their caregivers. A sample of 711 participants was selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Data collection involved structured questionnaires, direct measurements of children, and interviews with caregivers. Anthropometric measurements were conducted according to WHO standards to assess underweight status. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of context-specific nutrition interventions.ResultsChi-square analysis highlights a complex interplay of factors influencing underweight in children under 5 years of age, including expenditure priorities (p = 0.002), access to resources such as primary grocery stores (p = 0.001) and farmers’ markets (p &lt; 0.001), food preparation practices (p = 0.006), agricultural empowerment (p &lt; 0.001), and feeding styles/strategies (p = 0.004). Multivariate logistic regression further reveals that key determinants of child underweight include age (aOR = 15.24, p &lt; 0.001), caregiver disability or chronic illness status (aOR = 0.14, p &lt; 0.001), inadequate food production (aOR = 1.94, p = 0.009), and expenditure priorities (aOR = 2.46, p = 0.007). These factors collectively highlight the multifaceted nature of child undernutrition.ConclusionThe findings highlight the critical importance of considering contextual factors when developing nutrition interventions. Key elements such as expenditure priorities, access to food resources, food preparation practices, agricultural empowerment, and feeding strategies play a significant role in shaping child nutrition outcomes. Understanding these factors is essential for designing interventions that are not only effective but also sustainable and culturally appropriate.
Differences in HIV infection trends in two regions of Cameroon with a longstanding HIV epidemic: insights from 2012 and 2022
Authors: Ngoume Yannick F. , Teagho Urmes C. , Eselacha Brice , Goni Oumarou H. , Kenfack Dell-Dylan , Tchakoute Mérimé , Nguefack-Tsague Georges , Tongo Marcel 
Published: February 2025

IntroductionTo achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target by 2025, it is of great importance to test and diagnose individuals infected with HIV; especially those residing in communities with limited access to health and in areas with a longstanding HIV epidemic, where the virus has been circulating since the early phase of the pandemic. In this regard, we determined the HIV prevalence in remote communities of the East and South administrative regions of Cameroon where the four cross-species SIV transmissions that gave rise to the four HIV-1 groups likely happened.MethodsWe did this in two different periods: 2012/2013 (Period 1; 4,435 participants enrolled in the East and 2,347 in the South) and 2021/2022 (Period 2; 2,203 participant enrolled in the East and 2,347 in the South) using HIV1/2 rapid assays and standard ELISAs and according to the WHO testing strategy.ResultsDuring Period 1, the HIV seroprevalence in the East was 6.9%. This prevalence had significantly decreased to 2.7% [Prevalence Difference or PD: 4.1 (3.1; 5.2); p &lt; 0.001] by Period 2. Contrasting with these results, the HIV prevalence in the South during Period 1 was 5.5% and did not significantly change by Period 2 at 5.2% [PD: 0.3 (1.07;1.6); p = 0.67].ConclusionOur data suggest that HIV transmission in remote communities of the South administrative region of Cameroon has likely remained uncurbed over the past decade. As a result, this region should be prioritized in efforts to curb the spread of HIV and reduce its prevalence.