bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salvianolic acid B alleviates autoimmunity in Treg‐deficient mice via inhibiting IL2‐STAT5 signaling
Authors: Wang Ting , Wang Jing , Xu Huan , Yan Han , Liu Ying , Zhang Ning , Zhang Yawen , Zhang Jingmin , Xu Jingxuan , Zhang Lei , Ge Xiaolu , Meng Mingjing , Liu Peiman , Yang Qiaozhi , Qin Daogang , Li Sen , He Baokun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRegulatory T cell (Treg) deficiency leads to immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy, enteropathy, and X‐linked (IPEX) syndrome, which is a CD4+ T cell‐driven autoimmune disease in both humans and mice. Despite understanding the molecular and cellular characteristics of IPEX syndrome, new treatment options have remained elusive. Here, we hypothesized that salvianolic acid B (Sal B), one of the main active ingredients of Salvia miltiorrhiza, can protect against immune disorders induced by Treg deficiency. To examine whether Sal B can inhibit Treg deficiency‐induced autoimmunity, Treg‐deficient scurfy (SF) mice with a mutation in forkhead box protein 3 were treated with different doses of Sal B. Immune cells, inflammatory cell infiltration, and cytokines were evaluated by flow cytometry, hematoxylin and eosin staining and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay Kits, respectively. Moreover, RNA sequencing, western blot, and real‐time PCR were adopted to investigate the molecular mechanisms of action of Sal B. Sal B prolonged lifespan and reduced inflammation in the liver and lung of SF mice. Moreover, Sal B decreased plasma levels of several inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‐2, IFN‐γ, IL‐4, TNF‐α, and IL‐6, in SF mice. By analyzing the transcriptomics of livers, we determined the signaling pathways, especially the IL‐2‐signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (STAT5) signaling pathway, which were associated with Treg deficiency‐induced autoimmunity. Remarkably, Sal B reversed the expression of gene signatures related to the IL‐2‐STAT5 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Sal B prolongs survival and inhibits lethal inflammation in SF mice through the IL‐2‐STAT5 axis. Our findings may inspire novel drug discovery efforts aimed at treating IPEX syndrome.
“Sandwich” Structure (PLA/Thymol Fibre Membranes/SAP/Paper Fibre) Antibacterial Pad for Preservation of Chilled Mutton
Authors: Xu Minmin , Wu Lingling , Wang Chaozi , Saldaña Marleny D. A. , Sun Wenxiu 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe antibacterial pad was developed to solve the preservation problem of chilled mutton. The antibacterial pad was a “Sandwich” structure (PLA/thymol fibre membranes/SAP/paper fibre), which could absorb water and inhibit bacteria. The fibre membranes are prepared by electrostatic spinning technology. The successful incorporation of thymol into the fibre membranes was proved by FTIR, SEM and water contact angle analysis. The release experiment showed that the fibre membranes (PLA/thymol) had a slow‐release effect, especially in fatty food simulants. According to the antibacterial experiment, the antibacterial pad had a significant inhibition effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (the inhibition zone was 25 ~ 26 mm). In addition, the total viable count, total volatile alkaline nitrogen, pH value and drip loss showed that the antibacterial pads could effectively extend the shelf life of chilled mutton for 6 days. Therefore, the antibacterial pad has broad application prospects in meat preservation.
Assimilation of IASI temperature and humidity retrievals with scene‐dependent observation operators in clear‐sky scenes
Authors: Salonen Kirsti , August Thomas , Hultberg Tim , Benedetti Angela , McNally Anthony 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe potential of assimilating Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) temperature and humidity retrievals with their scene‐dependent observation operators, a product developed by the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT), has been investigated in the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) system. The results are compared with the corresponding radiance assimilation impact. The experiments are done in a depleted observing‐system framework to emphasise the impact originating from the new data. The focus in the first assimilation experiments has been on retrievals over sea and in clear‐sky scenes, as they have high and homogeneous quality. The results demonstrate a clear statistically significant positive impact on temperature, humidity, and wind forecasts. However, the impact is somewhat smaller in magnitude for the retrieval assimilation compared with the radiance assimilation above 700 hPa.
On‐site analysis and rapid identification of citrus herbs by miniature mass spectrometry and machine learning
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Xie Yanqiao , Yu Jinliang , Chen Ye , Tian Yun , Wang Ziying , Wang Zhengtao , Li Linnan , Yang Li 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundNatural medicines present a considerable analytical challenge due to their diverse botanical origins and complex multi‐species composition. This inherent complexity complicates their rapid identification and analysis. Tangerine peel, a product of the Citrus species from the Rutaceae family, is widely used both as a culinary ingredient and in traditional Chinese medicine. It is classified into two primary types in China: Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CP) and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride (QP), differentiated by harvest time. A notable price disparity exists between CP and another variety, Citri reticulatae “Chachi” (GCP), with differences being based on the original variety.MethodsThis study introduces an innovative method using portable miniature mass spectrometry for swift on‐site analysis of QP, CP, and GCP, requiring less than a minute per sample. And combined with machine learning to differentiate the three types on site, the method was used to try to distinguish GCP from different storage years.ResultsThis novel method using portable miniature mass spectrometry for swift on‐site analysis of tangerine peels enabled the characterization of 22 compounds in less than one minute per sample. The method simplifies sample processing and integrates machine learning to distinguish between the CP, QP, and GCP varieties. Moreover, a multiple‐perceptron neural network model is further employed to specifically differentiate between CP and GCP, addressing the significant price gap between them.ConclusionsThe entire analytical time of the method is about 1 minute, and samples can be analyzed on site, greatly reducing the cost of testing. Besides, this approach is versatile, operates independently of location and environmental conditions, and offers a valuable tool for assessing the quality of natural medicines.
The third PLeuralEffusion And Symptom Evaluation (PLEASE‐3) study: Bendopnoea in patients with pleural effusion
Authors: Roy Bapti , Iacopetta Bianca M. , Peddle‐McInytre Carolyn J. , Donaghy Michaela , Ing Matthew , Tan Ai Ling , Lee Y. C. Gary 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPleural effusions often cause disabling breathlessness, however the mechanism is unknown. Patients with pleural effusions are subjected to pleural fluid drainage on a ‘trial and error’ basis, as symptom relief varies. This population commonly complain of bendopnoea (breathlessness on bending forward) which has not been investigated. Our pilot data found bendopnoea was significantly associated with presence of pleural effusion. The PLEASE‐3 study will evaluate bendopnoea as a screening test for effusion‐related breathlessness, its predictive value of symptomatic benefits from fluid drainage and explore its underlying physiological mechanism.MethodsPLEASE‐3 is a multi‐centre prospective study. Eligible patients are assessed at baseline (pre‐drainage) and for patients undergoing drainage, up to 72 h post‐procedure. Outcome measures include the prevalence of bendopnoea, its correlation with size of effusion and its predictive value of breathlessness relief after drainage. The relationship of bendopnoea with breathlessness, physiological parameters, functional capacity and diaphragmatic characteristics will be assessed. The study will recruit 200 participants.DiscussionThis is the first study to investigate bendopnoea in patients with pleural effusion. It has minimal exclusion criteria to ensure that the results are generalisable. The presence and clinical significance of bendopnoea in the context of pleural effusion requires thorough investigation. The post assessment of patients undergoing pleural fluid drainage will provide insight into whether the presence of bendopnoea is able to predict clinical outcomes.Trial RegistrationName of the registry: Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial RegistryTrial registration number: ACTRN12622000465752.URL of the trial registry record for this trial: https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=383639&isReview=trueDate of registration: Registered on 24 March 2022.Funding of the trial: This study has received funding from the Sir Charles Gairdner Research Advisory Council research project grant. The study is sponsored by the Institute for Respiratory Health, a not‐for‐profit organisation.Name and contact information for the trial sponsor: Mr Bi Lam; Finance manager. Level 2, 6 Verdun Street, Nedlands WA 6009. t‖ + 61 8 6151 0877 e‖ bi.lam@resphealth.uwa.edu.auRole of sponsor: The funder is not involved in the planning of the study, gathering, analysing, and interpreting the data, or in preparing the manuscript.
Robust multitask learning in high dimensions under memory constraint
Authors: Chen Canyi , Chen Bingzhen , Kong Lingchen , Zhu Liping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe investigate multitask learning in the context of multivariate linear regression with high dimensional covariates and heavy‐tailed noise, while under the constraint of limited memory. To tackle the computational complexity arising from the non‐smoothness of the quantile loss, we reformulate it as an equivalent least squares loss, which yields robust solutions even in the presence of heavy‐tailed noise. We incorporate a group lasso penalty into the quantile loss to produce sparse solutions, and an accelerated proximal sub‐gradient descent algorithm to speed up the computation while ensuring explicit forms for penalized solutions at each iteration. The proposed algorithm is general and can be applied to similar optimization problems. Moreover, we introduce a communication‐efficient distributed algorithm that guarantees optimal convergence rates after finite communication rounds in cases where computing resources such as memory are insufficient. We also study the theoretical properties of the resultant estimate and relax the widely used model selection consistency assumption on the initial estimate. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposal through extensive numerical studies.
Exploring Untouched Variant of Bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methane: Enhances Chemo and Mono‐Selectivity
Authors: Merneedi Ravikumar , Singh Mamata , Bharty Manoj Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe new derivatives of bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methane are synthesized by employing decanoic acid to boost aldehyde reactivity via electrophilic activation. The reactions entail combining 2‐methyl‐1H‐indole with various aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic aldehydes at room temperature for 24 h. The newly synthesized compound 4‐(bis(2‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐3‐yl)methyl)‐3‐bromophenol f) has been characterized through 2D structure elucidation. Chemo selectivity and mono selectivity have been explored.
Bioactive Aqueous Fraction of Edible Trigonella foenum‐graecum, Piper betel, and Lagenaria siceraria Homogenate Downregulate the Inflammatory Mediators: In‐silico and In‐vitro Appraisal
Authors: Karmakar Sankha , Ikbal Abu Md Ashif , Bhardwaj Prashant , Tiwari Onkar Nath , Slama Petr , Roychoudhury Shubhadeep , Mandal Subhash C. , Kondi Vanitha , De Sirshendu , Palit Partha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTraditional nutraceutical therapy is a promising approach in the management of inflammatory disorders. Fenugreek, bottle gourd, and betel leaf are rich sources of polyphenolic secondary metabolites. They are abundantly found in the Indian subcontinent for the preparation of healthy traditional functional food. Traditional evidence recommended that these herbs could control inflammation. The study was conducted with those herbs to validate their protective role against inflammatory mediators of arthritis and asthma through in‐silico and in‐vitro models. Phytochemical tests revealed the presence of flavonoids, amino acids, polyphenols, and saponins. Molecular docking was performed against six potential inflammatory bio‐marker proteins, like, LOX‐5, 15‐LOX, PLA2, IL‐6, TNFR1 & TNF‐α with the phyto‐marker compounds of test herbs and found satisfactory binding scores against inflammatory bio‐markers. Extended studies with Fenugreek and betel leaf aqueous fractions showcased 87 % and 91 % inhibition of protein denaturation at 200 μg/ml. Bottle‐gourd and betel‐leaf demonstrated 96 % and 98 % inhibition against 15‐Lipoxygenase at 100 μg/ml. TNF‐α and IL‐6 were dropped significantly by 49 % and 36 % upon treatment of betel leaf at 200 μg/ml from the LPS‐stimulated PBMC cultured cells. Findings may recommend the development of commercial anti‐inflammatory polyherbal phytopharmaceuticals for controlling polyarthritis and inflammatory complications subject to preclinical in‐vivo and clinical investigation.
Novel Quinoline‐Based RAF Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Review on Synthesis, SAR and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Sahu Adarsh , Mishra Shweta , Wal Pranay , Debnath Biplab , Chouhan Deepesh , Gunjal Sachinkumar Dnyaneshwar , Tripathi Arpan Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe RAF (rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma) kinases play critical roles in a variety of different cellular processes, including the advancement of the cell cycle, the proliferation of cells, the metabolism of cells, cell migration, and the differentiation of cells. RAF kinase was thus established as an important target for the management of cancer disease. RAF inhibitors have elicited remarkable responses and enhanced survival rates in patients with BRAF‐V600E/K melanoma, but their efficacy is restricted by resistance as a result of mutations in RAF, presenting challenges in the identification of novel RAF inhibitors. This has resulted in the development of two generations of RAF inhibitors. In the past years, a variety of heterocyclic scaffolds that are capable of inhibiting RAF activity have been discovered. Quinoline, a molecule with a fused benzene ring and N‐heterocyclic pyridine, is a prime template for designing a variety of new anticancer drugs. In the last few years, quinoline derivative has been studied for their capability to inhibit RAF kinases. In this review, we have summarized synthesis, biological study, and molecular docking studies of substituted quinoline derivatives, which have shown potent anticancer activity by inhibiting the RAF kinases. The present review would help medicinal chemists streamline and guide their efforts toward developing novel quinoline‐based RAF inhibitors, which will be beneficial for drug development.
Soil Microbial Stress Responses under External Chemical and Physical Environmental Stresses
Authors: Wang Ruojun , Jin Caiyue , Qu Guangfei , Wu Fenghui , Xu Rui , Li Junyan , Liu Xinxin , Kuang Lingrui , Yang Jieqian , Tian Yaxin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSoil microorganisms play a crucial role in maintaining soil ecosystem health. Their metabolic processes are directly impacted by various environmental stresses caused by the increasing release of chemical pollutants and changes in the physical environment due to rapid societal development. This paper aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the changes in soil microbial stress responses under various external environmental stresses. The impact of pollutants on soil ecological structure was analyzed by summarizing the stress response patterns of soil microorganisms to inorganic pollutants, organic pollutants, and extreme physical environmental factors. Additionally, the migration and transformation behaviors of various complex pollutants, facilitated by the involvement of soil microorganisms, were investigated. Moreover, a novel approach was proposed for pollutant control, suggesting that manipulating the external physical field of a certain intensity could guide microbial communities and their functions towards controllable evolution within the soil environment. Therefore, this paper was essential for exploring the diversity of soil microbial stress responses, strategically regulating contaminant transport, mitigating risks associated with soil complexity, and ultimately reshaping soil ecological functions.
Bis‐Ureido‐Substituted Benzenesulfonamides: Evaluation of Their Antibacterial, Anticholinesterase, and Cytotoxicity Properties
Authors: Tekeli Tuba , Lolak Nebih , Tekeli Yener , Bozgeyik Esra , Anakok Deniz Akin , Çete Servet , Gülçin Ilhami , Akocak Suleyman 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, we present the re‐synthesis of a series of twelve bis‐ureido‐substituted benzenesulfonamides, focusing on their potential as antibacterial, anticholinesterase, and cytotoxic agents. First, the antibacterial assessment of these compounds indicated varying activity levels across different bacterial strains, with S. aureus displaying resistance to all compounds, while compounds 9 and 11 exhibited promise against E. faecalis with a MIC value of 31.25 μg/mL. Additionally, P. aeruginosa showed resistance to compounds containing 4‐aminobenzene sulfonamides, whereas derivatives such as (8–11) and compound 19 displayed notable activity against E. coli, comparable to Ampicillin. Second, their anticholinesterase activities were examined, with a focus on their potential role in addressing neurological disorders, particularly Alzheimer′s disease. The findings indicated that all synthesized compounds showed a significant inhibitory effect on both AChE and BChE enzymes. Compound 11 demonstrated the most effective inhibition on the AChE enzyme with an IC50 value of 0.2160±0.09 nM, while compound 18 exhibited the most potent inhibition on the BChE enzyme with an IC50 value of 0.2257±0.06 nM. Finally, cytotoxicity studies were conducted across various cell lines, including breast, lung, and prostate cancer cells and normal cells. The results revealed that compound 12 emerged as the most potent tested compound against breast cancer cells with no cytotoxic effect on CRL‐4010 normal breast epithelial cells. The research presented here not only highlights the multifaceted pharmacological potential of bis‐ureido‐substituted benzenesulfonamides, but also indicates their potential as versatile compounds for antibacterial, anticholinesterase, and cytotoxicity applications, opening up new avenues for drug discovery and development.
One‐Pot Three‐Component Construction of 2,4‐Diarylbenzo[4,5] thieno[3,2‐d] pyrimidines Using Elemental Sulfur as a Sulfur Source
Authors: Li Guorui , Wen Fei , Li Zheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn efficient method for the construction of 2,4‐diarylbenzo[4,5]thieno[3,2‐d]pyrimidines through the base‐promoted one‐pot three‐component tandem reactions of o‐nitrochalcones, benzamidine hydrochlorides, and elemental sulfur is described. The salient features of this protocol are the use of cheap and abundant sulfur source, readily available starting materials, transition‐metal‐free and mild conditions, satisfactory yield, and simple workup procedures. This transformation can also carry out on gram scale.
Photocatalytic Removal of the Endocrine Disruptor Chlorpyrifos using a ZnO.MoO3Composite Supported on Al2O3
Authors: Attaria Fatima , Rashid Tariq Saadia , Abbas Chotana Ghayoor , Ahmed Dildar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChlorpyrifos is an endocrine disruptor pesticide that induces breast cancer cell proliferation through Estrogen receptor alpha pathway in humans. It also has toxic effects on some beneficial insects like bees, wasps, and arthropods, even low levels of CP can kill fish in water. Thus, it is important to efficiently remove this compound from wastewaters to get rid of its hazardous effects. Al2O3supported ZnO.MoO3composite was prepared as an efficient material for photo‐degradation of chlorpyrifos under UV irradiation and characterized by SEM‐EDX, XRD and TG techniques. The XRD analysis showed the orthorhombic structures with band gap of 2.86 eV for ZnO.MoO3/Al2O3which was 2.96 eV for MoO3/Al2O3. The kinetics of degradation depicted that ZnO.MoO3/Al2O3afforded a complete degradation of chlorpyrifos with half life of only 3 minutes which otherwise was 24 minutes in the presence of MoO3/Al2O3.The complete mineralization of chlorpyrifos was confirmed by GC/MS analysis, where no peaks of intermediates were recorded. The prepared material also exhibited good recyclability without any leaching of Zn and Mo metals. Thus, ZnO.MoO3/Al2O3is an efficient and cost effective material for removal of chlorpyrifos. Its potential may also be explored for the removal of other hazardous organic pollutants.
NMR Analysis of Thermally‐Oxidized Hydroxyl‐Terminated Polybutadiene (HTPB)
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Kai Pu Cheng , Gang Xiao Zheng , Jun Xiao Ji 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was employed to monitor the change in chemical structures, olefin units (cis, trans and vinyl) and hydroxyl value on stabilized Hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) under accelerated ageing condition. Thermal ageing of HTPB was carried out at 65 °C for 10‐weeks and periodically withdrawn sample for NMR analysis. 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy provided detailed structural information for all HTPB samples, including the quantification of olefin units and the determination of hydroxyl value. The analysis revealed a decrease in signal intensity, particularly for the olefin near or at the molecular end, suggesting that they were oxidized before those in the middle position within the chain. The quantitative assessment of olefin units indicates a slight decrease of 2 % in 1,2‐vinyl unit after 10‐weeks of ageing. The NMR spectra did not show any detectable signals corresponding to epoxides, peroxides or alcohols in any HTPB samples. However, a slight increase in the OH value was observed after 8 and 10 weeks of ageing, suggesting the possible incorporation of new hydroxyl groups due to thermal‐oxidation. The antioxidants used to stabilize HTPB exhibited limited effectiveness in preventing degradation reactions, even after 4 weeks of ageing at 65 °C.
Metal‐Free C(sp2)−H Functionalization of Cyclopentene‐1,3‐dione: A Greener Approach for C−N and C−O Bond Formation using Sodium Azide
Authors: Dubey Sapana , Sau Madan , Roy Shreya , Mandal Sukanya , Sahoo Gokarneswar , Mukherjee Arunima , Ghorai Debu , Mondal Sanat Kr. , Das Tapas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article proposes a milder approach for C(sp2=−H functionalization of 2,2‐disubstituted cyclopentene‐1,3‐dione via formal 1° amination utilizing water as a solvent. In addition, this approach also offers C(sp2)−O, C(sp2)−I bond formation for the first time using sodium azide. The said highly scalable transformation does not require any prefunctionalization of the starting material. Moreover, this methodology is metal free, requires no ligand and all these reactions are carried out in an open‐air atmosphere with broad substrate scope. We have also explored a novel BF3.OEt2 mediated dehalogenation using mild reaction conditions.