bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Einführung
Authors: Stadelmann Karin A. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungSich mit dem Sterben und dem Tod professionell auseinanderzusetzen, ist für gewisse Berufe Alltag. Sich über das Sterben und den Tod jedoch zu unterhalten, gilt noch immer als Privatsache. Die Frage, was für Aufgaben die Soziale Arbeit in der Begleitung am Lebensende übernimmt und welche professionellen Kompetenzen sie dafür bringt, wird noch zu wenig thematisiert. Es besteht folglich ein Mangel an Konkretisierung und ein Mangel an der Bekanntheit der geleisteten Arbeit und das gilt es zu ändern.
Von Cure zu Care: Begriffs- und Verhältnisklärung im Feld von Sterben und Tod
Authors: Stadelmann Karin A. 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDie im vorangegangenen Kapitel erörterte und noch immer bestehende öffentliche Tabuisierung des Sterbens sowie das damit einhergehende Privatisieren und Verdrängen des Todes lassen sich mit der Hospizbewegung und der Palliative Care endlich etwas brechen. Grossen Einfluss dabei hatte die WHO in den 1980er Jahren, denn sie legte ein erstes umfassendes Konzept zu Palliative Care vor. Diese Definition und die damit einhergehend stärkere Ausdifferenzierung von Hospizarbeit in verschiedenen Ländern sowie die Entwicklung von „Cure zu Care“ haben dazu geführt, dass das Sterben und der Tod als bearbeit- und gestaltbare Phase anerkennt werden.
Infrared structures of scattering on self-dual radiative backgrounds
Authors: Adamo Tim , Bu Wei , Zhu Bin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The scattering of gluons and gravitons in trivial backgrounds is endowed with many surprising infrared features which have interesting conformal interpretations on the two-dimensional celestial sphere. However, the fate of these structures in more general asymptotically flat backgrounds is far from clear. In this paper, we consider holomorphic infrared structures in the presence of non-perturbative, self-dual background gauge and gravitational fields which are determined by freely specified radiative data. We make use of explicit formulae for tree-level gluon and graviton scattering in these self-dual radiative backgrounds, as well as chiral twistor sigma model descriptions of the classical dynamics. Remarkably, we find that the leading holomorphic part of tree-level collinear splitting functions — or celestial OPEs — and infinite-dimensional chiral soft algebras are undeformed by the background. We also compute all-order holomorphic celestial OPEs in the MHV sectors of gauge theory and gravity.
Phase transition to RS: cool, not supercool
Authors: Mishra Rashmish K. , Randall Lisa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Motivated by the warped conifold compactification, we model the infrared (IR) dynamics of confining gauge theories in a Randall-Sundrum (RS)-like setup by modifying the stabilizing Goldberger-Wise (GW) potential so that it becomes large (in magnitude) in the IR and back-reacts on the geometry. We study the high-temperature phase by considering a black brane background in which we calculate the entropy and free energy of the strongly back-reacted solution. As with Buchel’s result for the conifold [1], we find a minimum temperature beyond which the black brane phase is thermodynamically unstable. In the context of a phase transition to the confining background, our results suggest that the amount of supercooling that the metastable black brane phase undergoes can be limited. It also suggests the first-order phase transition (and the associated gravitational waves from bubble collision) is not universal. Our results therefore have important phenomenological implications for early universe model building in these scenarios.
Classifying large N limits of multiscalar theories by algebra
Authors: Flodgren Nadia , Sundborg Bo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We develop a new approach to RG flows and show that one-loop flows in multiscalar theories can be described by commutative but non-associative algebras. As an example related to D-brane field theories and tensor models, we study the algebra of a theory with M SU(N) adjoint scalars and its large N limits. The algebraic concepts of idempotents and Peirce numbers/Kowalevski exponents are used to characterise the RG flows. We classify and describe all large N limits of algebras of multiadjoint scalar models: the standard ‘t Hooft matrix theory limit, a ‘multi-matrix’ limit, each with one free parameter, and an intermediate case with extra symmetry and no free parameter of the algebra, but an emergent free parameter from a line of one-loop fixed points. The algebra identifies these limits without diagrammatic or combinatorial analysis.
Coherent spin states and emergent de Sitter quasinormal modes
Authors: Parmentier Klaas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As a toy model for the microscopic description of matter in de Sitter space, we consider a Hamiltonian acting on the spin-j representation of SU(2). This is a model with a finite-dimensional Hilbert space, from which quasinormal modes emerge in the large-spin limit. The path integral over coherent spin states can be evaluated at the semiclassical level and from it we find the single-particle de Sitter density of states, including 1/j corrections. Along the way, we discuss the use of quasinormal modes in quantum mechanics, starting from the paradigmatic upside-down harmonic oscillator.
Radiative corrections to the muon polarization in the semileptonic decay of a neutral kaon
Authors: Vieyra J. , Martínez A. , Neri M. , Hernández-Galeana A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A model-independent expression for the Dalitz plot of the semileptonic decays of a neutral kaon $$ {K}_{\mu 3}^0 $$

K

μ
3

0

, including radiative corrections to order $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
[(α/π)(q/M1)], where q is the four-momentum transfer and M1 is the mass of the decaying kaon, is presented. In this paper the emitted muon is considered to be polarized so the analysis is centered on numerically evaluating the radiative corrections to the longitudinal, transverse, and normal polarization muon components. The model dependence of radiative corrections is kept in general form within this approximation, which is useful for model-independent experimental analyses. The final expressions, with the triple integration of the bremsstrahlung photon variables are ready to be evaluated numerically, they are free of the infrared divergence or ultraviolet cutoff. The radiative corrections to the components of the muon polarization are found to be very small compared to their respective uncorrected values.
Bulk reconstruction and non-isometry in the backwards-forwards holographic black hole map
Authors: DeWolfe Oliver , Higginbotham Kenneth 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The backwards-forwards map, introduced as a generalization of the non-isometric holographic maps of the black hole interior of Akers, Engelhardt, Harlow, Penington, and Vardhan to include non-trivial dynamics in the effective description, has two possible formulations differing in when the post-selection is performed. While these two forms are equivalent on the set of dynamically generated states — states formed from unitary time evolution acting on well-defined initial configurations of infalling matter — they differ on the generic set of states necessary to describe the apparent world of the infalling observer. We show that while both versions successfully reproduce the Page curve, the version involving post-selection as the final step, dubbed the backwards-forwards-post-selection (BFP) map, has the desirable properties of being non-isometric but isometric on average and providing state-dependent reconstruction of bulk operators, while the other version does not. Thus the BFP map is a suitable non-isometric code describing the black hole interior including interior interactions.
Psychische Gesundheit am Arbeitsplatz – Welche Rolle spielen sozioökonomische, geschlechterspezifische und migrationsbedingte Ungleichheiten?
Authors: Herold Regina , Feißt Manuel , Morawa Eva , Hondong Sinja , Rothermund Eva , Waldmann Tamara , Heming Meike , Weber Jeannette , Hander Nicole R. , Mulfinger Nadine , Kröger Christoph , Erim Yesim 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Risikofaktoren für die psychische Gesundheit sind häufig in sozioökonomischen, geschlechter- und migrationsspezifischen Ungleichheiten begründet. Diese sowie die Ausprägung der Depressivität, Ängstlichkeit und Somatisierung von Beschäftigten wurden in der vorliegenden Studie untersucht.

Methoden
Im Rahmen der friaa-Studie („Frühe Intervention am Arbeitsplatz“) wurden psychisch belastete Beschäftigte an 5 Standorten in Deutschland zu soziodemografischen, arbeits-, migrations- und gesundheitsbezogenen Inhalten befragt. Mittels Regressionsanalysen wurde der Zusammenhang dieser Faktoren mit Depressivität (Patient-Health-Questionnaire-9, PHQ-9), Ängstlichkeit (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, GAD-2) und Somatisierung (Somatic Symptom Scale-8, SSS-8) an der gesamten Stichprobe sowie bei Personen mit Migrationshintergrund (MH) untersucht. Bei Letzteren wurden zusätzlich die Akkulturation (Frankfurter Akkulturationsskala, FRAKK) und das Belastungsempfinden gegenüber Migrationsanforderungen (Demands of Immigration Scale, DIS) berücksichtigt.

Ergebnisse
Die 550 Beschäftigten (12 % mit MH) wiesen im Durchschnitt eine klinisch relevante Depressivität (M = 13,0, SD = 5,1) (PHQ-9 ≥ 10), Ängstlichkeit (M = 3,5, SD = 1,7) (GAD ≥ 3) sowie Somatisierung (M = 13,0, SD = 5,8) (SSS-8 ≥ 12) auf. Das weibliche Geschlecht war mit höheren Werten für Ängstlichkeit und Somatisierung assoziiert. Höheres Alter und Nachtschichtarbeit hingen mit stärkerer Somatisierung zusammen.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse bestätigen die hohe psychische Belastung der Beschäftigten in dieser Stichprobe aus Deutschland. Um deren psychische Gesundheit aufrechtzuerhalten, sollten Unterstützungsmaßnahmen insbesondere für vulnerable Gruppen wie Frauen, ältere Beschäftigte und Nachtschichtarbeitende angeboten werden.
eNAMPT is a novel therapeutic target for mitigation of coronary microvascular disease in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Gao Lei , Ramirez Francisco J. , Cabrera Jody Tori O. , Varghese Mathews V. , Watanabe Makiko , Tsuji-Hosokawa Atsumi , Zheng Qiuyu , Yang Mingya , Razan Md Rahatullah , Kempf Carrie L. , Camp Sara M. , Wang Jian , Garcia Joe G. N. , Makino Ayako 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Individuals with diabetes are at high risk of cardiovascular complications, which significantly increase morbidity/mortality. Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) is recognised as a critical contributor to the increased cardiac mortality observed in people with diabetes. Therefore, there is an urgent need for treatments that are specific to CMD. eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase) is a damage-associated molecular pattern and TLR4 ligand, whose plasma levels are elevated in people with diabetes. This study was thus designed to investigate the pathogenic role of intracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (iNAMPT) and eNAMPT in promoting the development of CMD in a preclinical murine model of type 2 diabetes.

Methods
An inducible type 2 diabetic mouse model was generated by a single injection of low-dose streptozocin (75 mg/kg, i.p.) combined with a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. The in vivo effects of i/eNAMPT inhibition on cardiac endothelial cell (CEC) function were evaluated by using Nampt+/− heterozygous mice, chronic administration of eNAMPT-neutralising monoclonal antibody (mAb) or use of an NAMPT enzymatic inhibitor (FK866).

Results
As expected, diabetic wild-type mice exhibited significantly lower coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR), a determinant of coronary microvascular function, compared with control wild-type mice. eNAMPT plasma levels or expression in CECs were significantly greater in diabetic mice than in control mice. Furthermore, in comparison with diabetic wild-type mice, diabetic Nampt+/− heterozygous mice showed markedly improved CFVR, accompanied by increased left ventricular capillary density and augmented endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in the coronary artery. NAMPT inhibition by FK866 or an eNAMPT-neutralising mAb significantly increased CFVR in diabetic mice. Furthermore, administration of the eNAMPT mAb upregulated expression of angiogenesis- and EDR-related genes in CECs from diabetic mice. Treatment with either eNAMPT or NAD+ significantly decreased CEC migration and reduced EDR in coronary arteries, partly linked to increased production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

Conclusions/interpretation
These data indicate that increased i/eNAMPT expression contributes to the development of diabetic coronary microvascular dysfunction, and provide compelling support for eNAMPT inhibition as a novel and effective therapeutic strategy for CMD in diabetes.

Graphical Abstract
A Nekhoroshev theorem for some perturbations of the Benjamin-Ono equation with initial data close to finite gap tori
Authors: Bambusi Dario , Gérard Patrick 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe consider a perturbation of the Benjamin Ono equation with periodic boundary conditions on a segment. We consider the case where the perturbation is Hamiltonian and the corresponding Hamiltonian vector field is analytic as a map from the energy space to itself. Let $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
be the size of the perturbation. We prove that for initial data close in energy norm to an N-gap state of the unperturbed equation all the actions of the Benjamin Ono equation remain $${\mathcal {O}}(\epsilon ^{\frac{1}{2(N+1)}})$$

O
(

ϵ

1

2
(
N
+
1
)

)

close to their initial value for times exponentially long with $$\epsilon ^{-\frac{1}{2(N+1)}}$$

ϵ

-

1

2
(
N
+
1
)

.
Electrocortical activity associated with movement-related fear: a methodological exploration of a threat-conditioning paradigm involving destabilising perturbations during quiet standing
Authors: Grinberg Adam , Strong Andrew , Strandberg Johan , Selling Jonas , Liebermann Dario G. , Björklund Martin , Häger Charlotte K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMusculoskeletal trauma often leads to lasting psychological impacts stemming from concerns of future injuries. Often referred to as kinesiophobia or re-injury anxiety, such concerns have been shown to hinder return to physical activity and are believed to increase the risk for secondary injuries. Screening for re-injury anxiety is currently restricted to subjective questionnaires, which are prone to self-report bias. We introduce a novel approach to objectively identify electrocortical activity associated with the threat of destabilising perturbations. We aimed to explore its feasibility among non-injured persons, with potential future implementation for screening of re-injury anxiety. Twenty-three participants stood blindfolded on a translational balance perturbation platform. Consecutive auditory stimuli were provided as low (neutral stimulus [CS–]) or high (conditioned stimulus [CS+]) tones. For the main experimental protocol (Protocol I), half of the high tones were followed by a perturbation in one of eight unpredictable directions. A separate validation protocol (Protocol II) requiring voluntary squatting without perturbations was performed with 12 participants. Event-related potentials (ERP) were computed from electroencephalography recordings and significant time-domain components were detected using an interval-wise testing procedure. High-amplitude early contingent negative variation (CNV) waves were significantly greater for CS+ compared with CS– trials in all channels for Protocol I (> 521-800ms), most prominently over frontal and central midline locations (P ≤ 0.001). For Protocol II, shorter frontal ERP components were observed (541-609ms). Our test paradigm revealed electrocortical activation possibly associated with movement-related fear. Exploring the discriminative validity of the paradigm among individuals with and without self-reported re-injury anxiety is warranted.
Can AI Answer My Questions? Utilizing Artificial Intelligence in the Perioperative Assessment for Abdominoplasty Patients
Authors: Lim Bryan , Seth Ishith , Cuomo Roberto , Kenney Peter Sinkjær , Ross Richard J , Sofiadellis Foti , Pentangelo Paola , Ceccaroni Alessandra , Alfano Carmine , Rozen Warren Matthew 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Abdominoplasty is a common operation, used for a range of cosmetic and functional issues, often in the context of divarication of recti, significant weight loss, and after pregnancy. Despite this, patient–surgeon communication gaps can hinder informed decision-making. The integration of large language models (LLMs) in healthcare offers potential for enhancing patient information. This study evaluated the feasibility of using LLMs for answering perioperative queries.

Methods
This study assessed the efficacy of four leading LLMs—OpenAI's ChatGPT-3.5, Anthropic's Claude, Google's Gemini, and Bing's CoPilot—using fifteen unique prompts. All outputs were evaluated using the Flesch–Kincaid, Flesch Reading Ease score, and Coleman–Liau index for readability assessment. The DISCERN score and a Likert scale were utilized to evaluate quality. Scores were assigned by two plastic surgical residents and then reviewed and discussed until a consensus was reached by five plastic surgeon specialists.

Results
ChatGPT-3.5 required the highest level for comprehension, followed by Gemini, Claude, then CoPilot. Claude provided the most appropriate and actionable advice. In terms of patient-friendliness, CoPilot outperformed the rest, enhancing engagement and information comprehensiveness. ChatGPT-3.5 and Gemini offered adequate, though unremarkable, advice, employing more professional language. CoPilot uniquely included visual aids and was the only model to use hyperlinks, although they were not very helpful and acceptable, and it faced limitations in responding to certain queries.

Conclusion
ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, Claude, and Bing's CoPilot showcased differences in readability and reliability. LLMs offer unique advantages for patient care but require careful selection. Future research should integrate LLM strengths and address weaknesses for optimal patient education.

Level of Evidence V
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Ultrasound Contrast Agent Needle Priming: Impact on Sonographic Biopsy Needle Visibility in a Porcine Liver Model
Authors: Thunswärd Per , Bergkvist Ellen , Vishnevskaya Liya , Forslin Yngve , Ahlström Håkan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The visibility of biopsy needles in contrast-specific imaging mode can be improved by priming them with an ultrasound contrast agent (previously demonstrated in a phantom model/ex vivo). The purpose of this study was to validate this priming method in a porcine in vivo model.

Materials and Methods
Using a small syringe, full-core biopsy needles were primed with sulfur hexafluoride, an ultrasound contrast agent, with non-primed needles serving as controls (n = 30 + 30). Liver punctures were performed in a porcine model following intravenous administration of the same ultrasound contrast agent. Needle visibility, both in their entirety and at the tips, was evaluated in split-screen mode using contrast-specific imaging and B-mode (low mechanical index). The assessment included quantitative analysis, calculating the contrast-to-noise ratio, and qualitative evaluation through structured grading by three radiologists.

Results
After needle priming, the contrast-to-noise ratio was superior for the needle in its entirety in contrast-specific imaging mode (p < 0.001) and slightly inferior in B-mode (p = 0.008). No differences were observed for the needle tips in either imaging mode. Qualitatively, the needle visibility was deemed clinically superior after needle priming throughout in contrast-specific imaging mode (p < 0.001), whereas no clinically relevant differences in B-mode for either the needle in its entirety (p = 0.11) or the needle tip (p = 1) were observed.

Conclusion
In this in vivo porcine liver model experiment, priming biopsy needles with ultrasound contrast agent improved needle visibility in contrast-specific imaging mode but slightly reduced it in B-mode. These findings support the method’s use for biopsies requiring target visualization in contrast-specific imaging mode.
No level of evidence.

Graphical Abstract
Stroke–heart syndrome: current progress and future outlook
Authors: Wang Lanjing , Ma Linqing , Ren Changhong , Zhao Wenbo , Ji Xunming , Liu Zhi , Li Sijie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStroke can lead to cardiac complications such as arrhythmia, myocardial injury, and cardiac dysfunction, collectively termed stroke–heart syndrome (SHS). These cardiac alterations typically peak within 72 h of stroke onset and can have long-term effects on cardiac function. Post-stroke cardiac complications seriously affect prognosis and are the second most frequent cause of death in patients with stroke. Although traditional vascular risk factors contribute to SHS, other potential mechanisms indirectly induced by stroke have also been recognized. Accumulating clinical and experimental evidence has emphasized the role of central autonomic network disorders and inflammation as key pathophysiological mechanisms of SHS. Therefore, an assessment of post-stroke cardiac dysautonomia is necessary. Currently, the development of treatment strategies for SHS is a vital but challenging task. Identifying potential key mediators and signaling pathways of SHS is essential for developing therapeutic targets. Therapies targeting pathophysiological mechanisms may be promising. Remote ischemic conditioning exerts protective effects through humoral, nerve, and immune-inflammatory regulatory mechanisms, potentially preventing the development of SHS. In the future, well-designed trials are required to verify its clinical efficacy. This comprehensive review provides valuable insights for future research.