bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Hyperresponse Among Pacemaker‐Dependent Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy Patients Upgraded to Cardiac Resynchronization
Authors: ADELSTEIN EVAN , SCHWARTZMAN DAVID , GORCSAN III JOHN , SABA SAMIR 
Published: February 2011

Resynchronizing Pacemaker‐Dependent Patients. Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) pacing engenders left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony and may diminish LV systolic function, promote adverse cardiac remodeling, and foster heart failure (HF). This process may be reversible in some pacemaker‐dependent patients upgraded to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). We examined the clinical characteristics of pacemaker‐dependent patients who exhibit hyperresponse (i.e., normalization of LV function) with CRT upgrade.
Methods and Results
: We identified 51 chronically RV‐paced patients with no coronary artery disease, LV ejection fraction (EF) ≤ 35%, and severe HF symptoms who were upgraded to CRT‐defibrillators (CRT‐D). Echocardiograms were performed before and ≥6 months after CRT. Patients with follow‐up LVEF ≥ 50% were deemed hyperresponders. Clinical outcomes of death, cardiac transplant, mechanical circulatory support, and HF hospitalizations were assessed. Fifteen patients were CRT hyperresponders; all demonstrated ≥15% relative LV end‐systolic volume decrease. Hyperresponders had smaller baseline LV dimensions and shorter known cardiomyopathy duration than nonhyperresponders (P < 0.01). The best predictors of hyperresponse using receiver operating characteristic analysis were LV end‐systolic dimension <48 mm (area under the curve [AUC] 0.92, P < 0.001), LV end‐diastolic dimension <58 mm (AUC 0.86, P < 0.001), and cardiomyopathy duration <24 months (AUC 0.82, P < 0.001). No hyperresponders died, received a cardiac transplant, or required mechanical circulatory support during 42 ± 22 months follow‐up, whereas 5 nonhyperresponders died, 2 underwent transplant, and 1 required an assist device (log rank P = 0.049).
Conclusion
: Among chronically RV paced patients who are upgraded to CRT‐D, smaller baseline LV dimensions and shorter known cardiomyopathy duration predict hyperresponse. Hyperresponders have excellent long‐term survival. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 22, pp. 905‐911, August 2011)
Rich Collaterals in Clinically Unsuspected Basilar Artery Occlusion—As Good as It Gets
Authors: Karacostas Dimitris , Ioannides Panayiotis , Balamoutsos George , Artemis Nikos 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTBasilar artery occlusion (BAO) is generally considered an emergency and is associated with high mortality and poor functional outcome. Although cases with more benign course without thrombolysis treatment have occasionally been reported, to our knowledge there is only one previous report in which angiography, almost accidentally revealed a clinically unsuspected BAO. A 45‐year‐old man with treated hypertension and lipidemia had three distinct isolated episodes of dizziness, 2‐3 months before he was referred by an internist for an ultrasound neurovascular evaluation. Neurological examination and extensive laboratory work‐up was normal; however, transcranial Doppler (TCD) unexpectedly provided findings that first raised the suspicion of BAO, alerting for further work‐up. Cerebral angiography demonstrated BAO, just beyond the anterior inferior cerebellar artery origin, as well as extensive intracerebellar collateral circulation. On 6‐year follow‐up, he remains normal with no further episodes, although serial TCD shows persistent BAO.
Sex‐ and Age‐Related Differences in Brain FDG Metabolism of Healthy Adults: An SPM Analysis
Authors: Hsieh Te‐Chun , Lin Wan‐Yu , Ding Hueisch‐Jy , Sun Shung‐Shung , Wu Yu‐Chin , Yen Kuo‐Yang , Kao Chia‐Hung 
Published: February 2011

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEThe purpose of our study was aimed to analyze the sex‐ and age‐related differences of brain metabolism in healthy individuals.METHODSConsecutive 100 healthy subjects, 50 males and 50 females, undergoing routine 2‐[18F]‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) for health checkup in our hospital were retrospectively enrolled in this study. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) was used for analyses of the FDG PET images to disclose the possible effects of age on brain metabolism in males and females as well as the differences of brain metabolism between male and female groups.RESULTSIn males and females, decreased brain metabolism with aging is found in bilateral lateral orbital prefrontal and right anterior cingulate cortices. In comparisons between sexes, males are found to have more brain metabolism than females in bilateral visual cortices and cerebellum.CONCLUSIONSOur report discloses different sex‐ and age‐related brain metabolism. Decreased brain metabolism with aging in males and females is similar to findings reported in previous literatures. However, whether declined brain function or volume with aging causing metabolic changes is unknown and should be further evaluated. Nevertheless, the sex‐related differences are possibly compatible with the historical observation of better performance in visual‐spatial tasks in males than females.
Digital interactive learning of oral radiographic anatomy
Authors: Vuchkova J. , Maybury T. , Farah C. S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroduction:  Studies reporting high number of diagnostic errors made from radiographs suggest the need to improve the learning of radiographic interpretation in the dental curriculum. Given studies that show student preference for computer‐assisted or digital technologies, the purpose of this study was to develop an interactive digital tool and to determine whether it was more successful than a conventional radiology textbook in assisting dental students with the learning of radiographic anatomy.Materials and methods:  Eighty‐eight dental students underwent a learning phase of radiographic anatomy using an interactive digital tool alongside a conventional radiology textbook. The success of the digital tool, when compared to the textbook, was assessed by quantitative means using a radiographic interpretation test and by qualitative means using a structured Likert scale survey, asking students to evaluate their own learning outcomes from the digital tool.Results:  Student evaluations of the digital tool showed that almost all participants (95%) indicated that the tool positively enhanced their learning of radiographic anatomy and interpretation.Discussion:  The success of the digital tool in assisting the learning of radiographic interpretation is discussed in the broader context of learning and teaching curricula, and preference (by students) for the use of this digital form when compared to the conventional literate form of the textbook.Conclusion:  Whilst traditional textbooks are still valued in the dental curriculum, it is evident that the preference for computer‐assisted learning of oral radiographic anatomy enhances the learning experience by enabling students to interact and better engage with the course material.
Targeted idiotype‐fusion DNA vaccines for human multiple myeloma: preclinical testing
Authors: Frøyland Marianne , Ruffini Pier Adelchi , Thompson Keith Michael , Gedde‐Dahl Tobias , Fredriksen Agnete Brunsvik , Bogen Bjarne 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives:  A homodimeric fusion DNA vaccine targeting idiotype (Id) to antigen‐presenting cells (APC) induced robust tumor protection in a mouse model of multiple myeloma (MM). Similar Id vaccine molecules were generated for four patients with MM with three main objectives: (i) do the vaccine molecules induce bona fide anti‐Id immune responses in mice? (ii) does targeting of the vaccine molecules to APC enhance immune responses? (iii) can anti‐Id antibodies, generated as by‐product in vaccinated mice, be used to establish sensitive assays for complete remission (CR) prior to patient vaccination?Methods:  Chimeric vaccine molecules targeting patient Id to mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules were genetically constructed for four patients with MM.Results:  DNA vaccination of mice with chimeric vaccines targeting patient Id to mouse MHC class II molecules elicited antibodies specific for the patient’s myeloma protein. Targeting MHC class II greatly enhanced anti‐Id responses. Mouse anti‐Id antibodies were used to establish myeloma protein–specific enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) that were between 75 and 1500 times more sensitive than conventional serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation.Conclusions:  These results pave the way for testing targeted DNA Id vaccines in patients in CR. Id‐ and patient‐specific ELISA could be established affording evaluation of CR depth beyond current serological methods.
Higher prevalence of periodontitis in patients with refractory arterial hypertension: a case–control study
Authors: Vidal F , Figueredo CMS , Cordovil I , Fischer RG 
Published: February 2011

Oral Diseases (2011) 17, 560–563Objective:  The aim of this study was to assess the association of periodontitis with refractory arterial hypertension.Study design:  A total of 137 patients were examined. Seventy patients (mean age of 55.2 ± 9.2 years) were included in the case group, while 67 non‐hypertensive subjects (mean age of 50.0 ± 7.2) served as a control group. Periodontal clinical examination included plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Patients with at least five sites with CAL ≥6 mm were considered as severe periodontitis, and with at least 30% of the sites with CAL ≥4 mm generalized chronic periodontitis.Results:  The mean (±s.d.) number and percentage of sites with CAL ≥6 mm were 11 (±14) and 16.6 (±14) in the case group, and 5.7 (±9.5) and 5.8 (±9.7) in the control group (P  < 0.05). The mean (±s.d.) percentage of sites with CAL ≥4 mm was 37 (±29.6) in the case group and 21.2 (±20) in the control group (P  < 0.05). The significant associations with arterial hypertension were severe chronic periodontitis (OR = 4.04, 95% CI: 1.92; 8.49) and generalized chronic periodontitis (OR = 2.18, 95% CI: 1.04; 4.56).Conclusions:  Severe and generalized chronic periodontitis seem to play a role as risk indicators for hypertensive patients.
Sudden unexpected infant death in Auckland: a retrospective case review
Authors: Lynne Hutchison B , Rea Charlotte , Stewart Alistair W , Koelmeyer Timothy D , Tipene‐Leach David C , Mitchell Edwin A 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAim:  To review autopsy reports of all SUDI deaths in the Auckland region, New Zealand, from October 2000 to December 2009.Methods:  Information on all SUDI cases from 2000 to 2009 was extracted from autopsy and police reports from the National Forensic Pathology Service at Auckland Hospital.Results:  Of the 332 post‐mortems in this period, 221 were classified as SUDI. Of these, 83% were Māori or Pacific infants. The median age at death was 11 weeks and 11% occurred in 7‐ to 28‐day‐olds. At the time of death, 64% overall were bedsharing; this was more common in 7–28 day olds (92%). Bedsharing infants were significantly younger at death than non‐bedsharing infants (p = 0.008). Where sleep position was known, 57% were placed in non‐supine at the last sleep. There was no evidence of diagnostic shift and the prevalence of bedsharing did not change over the decade.Conclusions:  Bedsharing was associated with a high proportion of SUDI cases, especially in the youngest infants, and non‐supine sleep positions were common. There is a need to enhance SUDI prevention messages and consider innovative ways of promoting safe sleeping environment and supine sleep position in Māori and Pacific communities.
Anxiety in children and adolescents with chronic physical illnesses: a meta‐analysis
Authors: Pinquart Martin , Shen Yuhui 
Published: February 2011

AbstractTo compare levels of anxiety of children with chronic illness with healthy peers and population norms. Meta‐analysis integrated results from 332 studies. Children with chronic illness had elevated levels of anxiety (d = 0.18 standard deviation units). Strongest elevations were found for chronic fatigue syndrome, migraine/tension headache, sensory impairment and epilepsy. Paediatricians should screen for anxiety symptoms in children at risk and offer interventions, if needed.
The China National Stroke Registry for Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Events: Design, Rationale, and Baseline Patient Characteristics
Authors: Wang Yongjun , Cui Liying , Ji Xunming , Dong Qiang , Zeng Jinsheng , Wang Yilong , Zhou Yong , Zhao Xingquan , Wang Chunxue , Liu Liping , Nguyen-Huynh Mai N. , Johnston S. Claiborne , Wong Lawrence , Li Hao ,   on behalf of the investigators for the China National Stroke Registry (CNSR) investigators
Published: February 2011

Background As a leading cause of severe disability and death, stroke places an enormous burden on the health care system in China. There are limited data on the pattern of current medical practice and quality of care delivery for stroke patients at the national level. Aim The nation-wide prospective registry, China National Stroke Registry, will be considered with regard to its design, progress, geographic coverage, and hospital and patient characteristics. Methods Between September 2007 and August 2008, the China National Stroke Registry recruited consecutive patients with diagnoses of acute cerebrovascular events from 132 hospitals that cover all 27 provinces and four municipalities (including Hong Kong region) in China. Clinical data were collected prospectively using paper-based registry forms. Patients were followed for clinical and functional outcomes through phone interviews at three, six, 12, 18, and 24 months after disease onset. Results These patients ( n = 21 902) were 63·8 years of age on average, and 39% were females. Ischaemic stroke was predominant (66·4%), and the other subtypes were intracerebral haemorrhage (23·4%), subarachnoid haemorrhage (3·4%), and transient ischaemic attack (6·2%). Conclusions The China National Stroke Registry is a large-scale nationwide registry in China. Rich data collected from this prospective registry may provide the opportunity to evaluate the quality of care for stroke patients in China.
Intrinsic Regulation of Blood Flow in Adipose Tissue
Authors: Henriksen O. , Nielsen S. L. , Paaske W. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractPrevious studies on intact human subcutaneous tissue have shown, that blood flow remains constant during minor changes in perfusion pressure. This so‐called auto regulatory response has not been demonstrable in isolated preparations of adipose tissue. In the present study on isolated, denervated subcutaneous tissue in female rabbits only 2 of 12 expts. revealed an auto regulatory response during reduction in arterial perfusion pressure. Effluent blood flow from the tissue in the control state was 15.5 ml/100 g·min (S.D. 6.4, n = 12) corresponding to slight vasodilatation of the exposed tissue. Following total ischemia all experiments showed a period with reactive hyperemia, and both duration of hyperemia and excess flow was related to the duration of the ischemia. This response therefore seems more resistant to the experimental procedure, while auto regulation of blood flow to lowered pressure is more susceptible to surgical exposure of the tissue.During elevation of arterial perfusion pressure blood flow in the isolated tissue showed a transient increase and then almost returned to the level during normotension, indicating an elevated vascular resistance. Raising of venous pressure elicited vasoconstriction with pronounced flow reduction. These two reactions may be important for local regulation of blood flow in subcutaneous tissue during orthostatic changes in arterial and venous pressure. It is concluded that the response in adipose tissue to changes in arterial pressure (auto regulation), venous pressure and total ischemia appear to be elicited by different mechanisms.
Influence of Vessel Distension and Myogenic Tone on Pulmonary Arterial Input Impedance. A Study using a Computer Model of Rabbit Lung
Authors: Piene Hroar 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA computer model of the pulmonary arterial (PA) bed of rabbit lungs was designed in order to test experimental observations of changes in PA input impedance and pulsatile hydraulic power (cap.) during increased PA pressure. The computer model was based on a simple 3‐component analog representation of single vessels (i.e. resistance, inertance and compliance). 16 generations of arterial vessels, from PA to 60 μm diameter, were combined to calculate PA input impedance. Input impedance was found to mimic closely that observed experimentally. Both venous pressure elevation and arteriolar constriction was found to reduce input impedance and Wp. By combining arteriolar constriction with increased myogenic tone of the larger arteries, Wp was found to show a minimum level at a certain PA pressure, dependent on the degree of arterial stiffening. Wp was found to follow changes in arterial volume and resistance during simulated vasoconstriction. Wp dissipation in arterial vessels was calculated to approx. 50% of total input Wp at physiological pressure conditions, and could be reduced by one half after PA pressure increase from 20 to 50 cm H2O, despite a concurrent halving of arterial compliance. Arterial vessels smaller than 200 pm diameter were found to have negligible direct influence on PA input impedance.
Inhibition of the Lipolytic Response to Nerve Stimulation during Acidosis
Authors: Hjemdahl Paul 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAcidosis inhibits catecholamine‐induced lipolysis in vivo and in vitro. The lipolytic response of canine subcutaneous adipose tissue to short (5 min) nerve stimulations at 4 Hz was, however, not influenced by hypercapnic acidosis (pH 7.0). The steady state outflow of glycerol during a prolonged nerve stimulation at 4 Hz was inhibited by 40 per cent (p<0.05) at pH 7.0. Similarly, glycerol outflow during vasodilatation induced by a 4 Hz stimulation in α‐blocked adipose tissue was inhibited by 37 per cent (p<0.05). Post‐stimulatory glycerol outflow was, however, not influenced by acidosis. This poststimulatory glycerol outflow, which may represent a complex wash‐out phenomenon, forms the largest part of the response to short nerve stimulations. It is suggested that steady state, rather than poststimulatory lipolysis should be studied in order to see the influence of treatments such as acidosis on responses to nerve stimulation.
Decrease of Oxygen Consumption in the Dog Liver during Temporary Arterial Occlusion
Authors: Andreen Magna , Irestedt Lars 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe effects of occlusion of the hepatic artery on total and regional splanchnic oxygen consumption were studied in lightly anaesthetized dogs. Mean whole body oxygen uptake (± S.D.) was 4.72 ± 0.55 ml/kg b.w. min‐1, mean liver oxygen uptake (± S.D.) 1.18 ± 0.42 ml/kg b.w. min‐1 and mean oxygen uptake of the portally‐drained tissues (±S.D.) was 0.80±0.54 ml/kg b.w. min‐l during the control period. The hepatic artery contributed 45 ± 24% of the total liver oxygen uptake. The duration of occlusion was 45 min. Mean liver oxygen uptake was found to decrease to 64 % of control values. The extraction of oxygen from the portal blood increased slightly. Mean whole body oxygen uptake and mean oxygen uptake of the portally‐drained tissues were unchanged. 45 min after release of the hepatic artery occlusion, liver oxygen consumption had returned to control values. It is concluded that oxygen uptake in the liver is correlated to oxygen tension.
Significance of the Extracellular Bicarbonate Buffer System to Anaerobic Glycolysis in Hypoxic Muscle
Authors: Gesser Hans 
Published: February 2011

Abstract1. The influence of the carbon dioxide‐bicarbonate buffer system on anaerobic energy production during severe hypoxia was studied in isolated right hemidiaphragms of rats. — 2. When the tissue was incubated in a Ringer solution containing 25 mM HCO3 aerated with 7 % CO2 in N2 at pH 7.4, the lactate production and lactate content of the tissue increased. — 3. At an extracellular (tissue bath) pH of 6.9 the lactate production was stimulated when carbon dioxide and bicarbonate were changed to 19 % and 25 mM, respectively. This stimulatory effect disappeared when these values were lowered to 7% and 7 mM. — 4. At pH 7.4 the stimulatory effect of the carbon dioxide‐bicarbonate system persisted when the buffer value was lowered from 60 to 3 mM by changing the system from an open (i.e. continuous gas equilibration) to a closed one (i.e. without any gas phase). Decreasing the glucose in the media from 22 to 0 mM reduced the lactate production and abolished the stimulatory effect of the carbon dioxide—bicarbonate system. — 5. There was no direct effect of this system on the glycolytic enzymes (i.e. lactate production and activity of phosphofructokinase of homogenates).
Capillary Permeability in Adipose Tissue
Authors: Paaske William P. , Nielsen Steen Levin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA method for measurement of capillary permeability using external registration of gamma emitting isotopes after close arterial bolus injection was applied to the isolated inguinal fat pad in slightly fasting rabbits. An average extraction of 26 per cent for 51Cr‐EDTA was found at a plasma flow of about 7 ml/100 g. min. This corresponds to a capillary diffusion capacity of 2.0 ml/100 g.min which is half the value reported for vasodilated skeletal muscle having approximately twice as great capillary surface area. Thus, adipose tissue has about the same capillary permeability during slight metabolic activation as vasodilated skeletal muscle.
A Method to Correct for the Influence of Gas Density on Maximal Expiratory Flow Rate
Authors: Nielsen Tage Mors , Pedersen Ole Find 
Published: February 2011

AbstractMaximal expiratory flow rate (V̇max) was measured at 20, 35, 50, 65, and 80% vital capacity in 4 young healthy subjects breathing air, SF6/O2, and He/O2 mixtures. The flows of SF6/O2 and He/O2 were corrected to normal alveolar gasflow by means of only the density of the gases. The values for normal alveolar gasflow and corrected SF6/O2 flow were identical at 35% VC and larger volumes while the values for normal alveolar gasflow and corrected He/O2 flow were not. The results indicate that in young healthy subjects it is possible to correct Vmax at lung volumes above 359: VC for the changes induced by an increase in density of the gas breathed, provided viscosity is not much changed. Without correction, V̇max after O2‐breathing will be underestimated by about 6%, compared with V̇max for normal alveolar gas, whereas a change in alveolar CO2 concentrations between 3 and 9% only causes a 1 % decrease of V̇ max.
Nucleotide Excision Repair Proteins Rapidly Accumulate but Fail to Persist in Human XP‐E (DDB2 Mutant) Cells
Authors: Oh Kyu‐Seon , Imoto Kyoko , Emmert Steffen , Tamura Deborah , DiGiovanna John J. , Kraemer Kenneth H. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe xeroderma pigmentosum (XP‐E) DNA damage binding protein (DDB2) is involved in early recognition of global genome DNA damage during DNA nucleotide excision repair (NER). We found that skin fibroblasts from four newly reported XP‐E patients with numerous skin cancers and DDB2 mutations had slow repair of 6‐4 photoproducts (6‐4PP) and markedly reduced repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). NER proteins (XPC, XPB, XPG, XPA and XPF) colocalized to CPD and 6‐4PP positive regions immediately (<0.1 h) after localized UV irradiation in cells from the XP‐E patients and normal controls. While these proteins persist in normal cells, surprisingly, within 0.5 h these repair proteins were no longer detectable at the sites of DNA damage in XP‐E cells. Our results indicate that DDB2 is not required for the rapid recruitment of NER proteins to sites of UV photoproducts or for partial repair of 6‐4PP but is essential for normal persistence of these proteins for CPD photoproduct removal.