bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Need for Growth, Achievement, Power and Affiliation
Authors: Jha Sumi 
Published: September 2010

Empowerment is giving frontline employee discretion to take decisions instantly, keeping in mind the organizational consequences. In service organizations attracting and retaining customer is a daunting task. Empowering employees psychologically will help them in taking proactive actions to serve customers better. The objective of the present article is to study the influence of motivational needs on psychological empowerment. The independent variable is motivational needs (need for growth, achievement, power and affiliation). Psychological empowerment, a dependent variable, in the present study, has been studied by intrinsic task motivation (which is measured by meaning, competence, self-determination and impact). It is hypothesized that the four motivational needs that is, need for achievement, power, affiliation and growth will positively influence psychological empowerment. Standard instruments are administered to measure different variables and to investigate the influence of chosen variables on psychological empowerment. Several statistical techniques like correlation, multiple regression and canonical correlation are used to measure the significance and strength of relationship between identified independent and dependent variables. The main conclusion is that all motivational needs, other than the need for affiliation, are significantly and positively related to psychological empowerment (intrinsic task motivation). The positive relationship between psychological empowerment and need for affiliation was hypothesized thinking five star hotels as the source of sample where employees are required to demonstrate high degree of need for affiliation.
Separation of Brand Equity and Brand Value
Authors: Tiwari Munish Kumar 
Published: September 2010

Brand value and brand equity represent two different, yet intricately linked, concepts. Brand value is the net present value of future cash flows from a branded product minus the net present value of future cash flows from a similar unbranded product—or, in simpler terms, what the brand is worth to management and shareholders. Brand equity is a set of perceptions, knowledge and behaviour on the part of customers that creates demand and/or a price premium for a branded product—in other words, what the brand is worth to a customer. Brand equity may also be defined as a set of elements such as brand associations, market fundamentals and marketing assets that help distinguish one brand from another. While measuring brand value has its usefulness, the act of measurement by itself will not make a brand more valuable or less risky. Quantifying and managing brand equity, however, using a customized measurement model, is critical to transferring value to the corporation’s shareholders. During the past 15 years, brand equity has been a priority topic for both practitioners and academics. In this article, I propose a new framework for conceptualizing brand equity that distinguishes between brand equity, conceived of as an intrapersonal construct that moderates the impact of marketing activities, and brand value, which is the sale or replacement value of a brand. Such a distinction is important because, from a managerial perspective, the ultimate goal of brand management and brand equity research should be to understand how to leverage equity to create value.
Relapsing demyelinating CNS disease in a Korean pediatric population: Multiple sclerosis versus neuromyelitis optica
Authors: Lim Byung Chan , Hwang Hee , Kim Ki Joong , Hwang Yong Seung , Cheon Jung-Eun , Kim In-One , Kim Ho Jin , Chae Jong-Hee 
Published: September 2010

Background and Objective:Our objective was to characterize the clinical and radiologic features of Korean pediatric patients with relapsing central nervous system (CNS) demyelination disease. Methods:Twenty-one patients with relapsing CNS demyelinating events were classified as having multiple sclerosis (MS, 18 patients) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO, three patients) according to the international consensus definitions. Retrospective analysis of clinical and radiologic features was conducted. Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4 Ab) test was performed in six patients (including three NMO patients) who showed selective involvement of optic nerve and spinal cord. Results: Median age at the initial episode in patients with MS was 7.0 years (range, 4.4–13.6 years). Three of 18 MS patients (3/18, 17%) showed selective involvement of the optic nerve and spinal cord during the clinical course. Five patients (31%) at the initial episode and nine patients (50%) at relapse met the McDonald magnetic resonance imaging criteria for dissemination in space. Oligoclonal bands detected with a silver staining method were positive in only one patient of 16 patients tested. Two NMO patients positive for AQP4 Ab showed frequent relapses and early disabilities that were unresponsive to interferon treatment. Conclusions:We conclude that Korean pediatric patients with relapsing CNS demyelination disease were characterized by preferential involvement of the optic nerve or spinal cord. The AQP4 Ab test seems to be useful for predicting clinical courses in the setting of heterogeneous opticospinal presentations.
Families with multiple problems: Some challenges in identifying and providing services to those experiencing adversities across the life course
Authors: Spratt Trevor 
Published: September 2010

• Summary: A concern amongst policy-makers to identify high cost and low productivity populations has created a new interest in identifying those who experience adversities across the life course. This article outlines the development of conceptual understandings of families whose children experience multiple adversities and links this with later poor outcomes in adult life and examines some of the research challenges in establishing such linkages. • Findings: It is argued that current thinking with regard to these issues reflects historical domains within which services to children and to adults are located. The challenge to domain thinking is both horizontal and vertical, policy being required to address the horizontal axis by co-ordinating planned approaches to multiple needs across services, and policy being necessary to address the vertical cleavage between children’s and adult services in ways which join up services across the life path; conceptually and practically acknowledging the links between child and adult experiences. • Applications: Such policy developments will inevitably require social work to develop alternative paradigms for understanding the needs of children and adults and designing services to effectively meet these.
Sequential treatment of CD34+ cells from patients with primary myelofibrosis with chromatin-modifying agents eliminate JAK2V617F-positive NOD/SCID marrow repopulating cells
Authors: Wang Xiaoli , Zhang Wei , Tripodi Joseph , Lu Min , Xu Mingjiang , Najfeld Vesna , Li Yan , Hoffman Ronald 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Because primary myelofibrosis (PMF) originates at the level of the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell (HSC), we examined the effects of various therapeutic agents on the in vitro and in vivo behavior of PMF CD34+ cells. Treatment of PMF CD34+ cells with chromatin-modifying agents (CMAs) but not hydroxyurea, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors, or low doses of interferon-α led to the generation of greater numbers of CD34+ chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor (CXCR)4+ cells, which were capable of migrating in response to chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)12 and resulted in a reduction in the proportion of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) that were JAK2V617F+. Furthermore, sequential treatment of PMF CD34+ cells but not normal CD34+ cells with decitabine (5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine [5azaD]), followed by suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA; 5azaD/SAHA), or trichostatin A (5azaD/TSA) resulted in a higher degree of apoptosis. Two to 6 months after the transplantation of CMAs treated JAK2V617F+ PMF CD34+ cells into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (SCID)/IL-2Rγnull mice, the percentage of JAK2V617F/JAK2total in human CD45+ marrow cells was dramatically reduced. These findings suggest that both PMF HPCs, short-term and long-term SCID repopulating cells (SRCs), are JAK2V617F+ and that JAK2V617F+ HPCs and SRCs can be eliminated by sequential treatment with CMAs. Sequential treatment with CMAs, therefore, represents a possible effective means of treating PMF at the level of the malignant SRC.
Autocrine/paracrine cytokine stimulation of leukemic cell proliferation in smoldering and chronic adult T-cell leukemia
Authors: Chen Jing , Petrus Mike , Bryant Bonita R. , Phuc Nguyen Vinh , Goldman Carolyn K. , Bamford Richard , Morris John C. , Janik John E. , Waldmann Thomas A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAdult T-cell leukemia (ATL), a heterogeneous disease, can be divided into smoldering, chronic, lymphoma, and acute types clinically. In addition to different clinical manifestations, different stages of ATL have different molecular signatures. Here, we demonstrated that smoldering/chronic ATL peripheral blood mononuclear cells spontaneously proliferated ex vivo in a cytokine (interleukin -12 [IL-12]/IL-9/IL-15)–dependent manner, while acute-type ATL peripheral blood mononuclear cells did not proliferate or proliferated independent of cytokines. Smoldering/chronic ATL cells produced IL-2 and IL-9 in 6-day ex vivo cultures. Interestingly, the addition of an anti–IL-2R-α monoclonal antibody profoundly inhibited IL-9 expression, suggesting optimal expression of IL-9 was dependent on IL-2 signaling in these patients. To determine whether there would be autonomous proliferation of ATL leukemic cells, we purified leukemic cells from patients with smoldering/chronic ATL. Purified leukemic cells cultured alone produced IL-2/IL-9, and the downstream Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway was activated. However, the leukemic cells did not proliferate independently, but required coculture with autologous monocytes to induce proliferation. Moreover, interaction between leukemic cells and monocytes was contact dependent, and major histocompatibility complex class II expression may have contributed to this interaction. In conclusion, our data provide evidence that there is autocrine/paracrine cytokine stimulation of leukemic cell proliferation in patients with smoldering/chronic ATL that could be targeted for treatment.
Does microgranular variant morphology of acute promyelocytic leukemia independently predict a less favorable outcome compared with classical M3 APL? A joint study of the North American Intergroup and the PETHEMA Group
Authors: Tallman Martin S. , Kim Haesook T. , Montesinos Pau , Appelbaum Frederick R. , de la Serna Javier , Bennett John M. , Deben Guillermo , Bloomfield Clara D. , Gonzalez Jose , Feusner James H. , Gonzalez Marcos , Gallagher Robert , Miguel Jose D. Gonzalez-San , Larson Richard A. , Milone Gustavo , Paietta Elisabeth , Rayon Chelo , Rowe Jacob M. , Rivas Concha , Schiffer Charles A. , Vellenga Edo , Shepherd Lois , Slack James L. , Wiernik Peter H. , Willman Cheryl L. , Sanz Miguel A. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Few studies have examined the outcome of large numbers of patients with the microgranular variant (M3V) of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) in the all-trans retinoic acid era. Here, the outcome of 155 patients treated with all-trans retinoic acid–based therapy on 3 clinical trials, North American Intergroup protocol I0129 and Programa para el Estudio de la Terapéutica en Hemopatía Maligna protocols LPA96 and LPA99, are reported. The complete remission rate for all 155 patients was 82%, compared with 89% for 748 patients with classical M3 disease. The incidence of the APL differentiation syndrome was 26%, compared with 25% for classical M3 patients, and the early death rate was 13.6% compared with 8.4% for patients with classical M3 morphology. With a median follow-up time among survivors of 7.6 years (range 3.6-14.5), the 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and cumulative incidence of relapse for patients with M3V were 70%, 73%, and 24%, respectively. With a median follow-up time among survivors of 7.6 years (range 0.6-14.3), the 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and cumulative incidence of relapse among patients with classical M3 morphology were 80% (P = .006 compared with M3V), 81% (P = .07), and 15% (P = .005), respectively. When outcomes were adjusted for the white blood cell count or the relapse risk score, none of these outcomes were significantly different between patients with M3V and classical M3 APL.
Clinical and genetic features of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms after chemotherapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Imagawa Jun , Harada Yuka , Shimomura Takeshi , Tanaka Hideo , Okikawa Yoshiko , Hyodo Hideo , Kimura Akiro , Harada Hironori 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a highly curable disease with excellent complete remission and long-term survival rates. However, the development of therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) is being reported with increasing frequency in patients successfully treated for APL. We attempted to clarify the different clinical features and hematologic findings between t-MN and relapse cases, and to identify gene alterations involved in t-MN. We compared 10 relapse and 11 t-MN cases that developed in 108 patients during their first complete remission from APL. At APL diagnosis, t-MN patients had lower white blood cell counts than did relapse patients (P = .048). Overall survival starting from chemotherapy was significantly worse in t-MN patients than in relapse patients (P = .022). The t-MN cases were characterized as CD34+/HLA-DR+ and PML-RARA−, and 4 RUNX1/AML1 mutations were detected. T-MN is easily distinguished from APL relapse by evaluating these hematologic features, and it may originate from primitive myeloid cells by chemotherapy-induced RUNX1 mutations.
Preferential nuclear accumulation of JAK2V617F in CD34+ but not in granulocytic, megakaryocytic, or erythroid cells of patients with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasia
Authors: Rinaldi Ciro R. , Rinaldi Paola , Alagia Adele , Gemei Marica , Esposito Nicola , Formiggini Fabio , Martinelli Vincenzo , Senyuk Vitalyi , Nucifora Giuseppina , Pane Fabrizio 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Recently, Dawson et al identified a previously unrecognized nuclear role of JAK2 in the phosphorylation of histone H3 in hematopoietic cell lines. We searched nuclear JAK2 in total bone marrow (BM) cells and in 4 sorted BM cell populations (CD34+, CD15+, CD41+, and CD71+) of 10 myeloproliferative neoplasia (MPN) patients with JAK2V617F mutation and 5 patients with wild-type JAK2 MPN. Confocal immunofluorescent images and Western blot analyses of nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions found nuclear JAK2 in CD34+ cells of 10 of 10 JAK2-mutated patients but not in patients with wild-type JAK2. JAK2 was predominantly in the cytoplasmic fraction of differentiated granulocytic, megakaryocytic, or erythroid cells obtained from all patients. JAK2V617F up-regulates LMO2 in K562 and in JAK2V617F-positive CD34+ cells. The selective JAK2 inhibitor AG490 normalizes the LMO2 levels in V617F-positive K562 and restores the cyto-plasmic localization of JAK2.
The effects of oligomerization on Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mcm4/6/7 function
Authors: Ma Xiaoli , Stead Brent E , Rezvanpour Atoosa , Davey Megan J 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
Minichromosome maintenance proteins (Mcm) 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are related by sequence and form a variety of complexes that unwind DNA, including Mcm4/6/7. A Mcm4/6/7 trimer forms one half of the Mcm2-7 hexameric ring and can be thought of as the catalytic core of Mcm2-7, the replicative helicase in eukaryotic cells. Oligomeric analysis of Mcm4/6/7 suggests that it forms a hexamer containing two Mcm4/6/7 trimers, however, under certain conditions trimeric Mcm4/6/7 has also been observed. The functional significance of the different Mcm4/6/7 oligomeric states has not been assessed. The results of such an assessment would have implications for studies of both Mcm4/6/7 and Mcm2-7.

Results
Here, we show that Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mcm4/6/7 reconstituted from individual subunits exists in an equilibrium of oligomeric forms in which smaller oligomers predominate in the absence of ATP. In addition, we found that ATP, which is required for Mcm4/6/7 activity, shifts the equilibrium towards larger oligomers, likely hexamers of Mcm4/6/7. ATPγS and to a lesser extent ADP also shift the equilibrium towards hexamers. Study of Mcm4/6/7 complexes containing mutations that interfere with the formation of inter-subunit ATP sites (arginine finger mutants) indicates that full activity of Mcm4/6/7 requires all of its ATP sites, which are formed in a hexamer and not a trimer. In keeping with this observation, Mcm4/6/7 binds DNA as a hexamer.

Conclusions
The minimal functional unit of Mcm4/6/7 is a hexamer. One of the roles of ATP binding by Mcm4/6/7 may be to stabilize formation of hexamers.
PeptideMine - A webserver for the design of peptides for protein-peptide binding studies derived from protein-protein interactomes
Authors: Shameer Khader , Madan Lalima L , Veeranna Shivamurthy , Gopal Balasubramanian , Sowdhamini Ramanathan 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
Signal transduction events often involve transient, yet specific, interactions between structurally conserved protein domains and polypeptide sequences in target proteins. The identification and validation of these associating domains is crucial to understand signal transduction pathways that modulate different cellular or developmental processes. Bioinformatics strategies to extract and integrate information from diverse sources have been shown to facilitate the experimental design to understand complex biological events. These methods, primarily based on information from high-throughput experiments, have also led to the identification of new connections thus providing hypothetical models for cellular events. Such models, in turn, provide a framework for directing experimental efforts for validating the predicted molecular rationale for complex cellular processes. In this context, it is envisaged that the rational design of peptides for protein-peptide binding studies could substantially facilitate the experimental strategies to evaluate a predicted interaction. This rational design procedure involves the integration of protein-protein interaction data, gene ontology, physico-chemical calculations, domain-domain interaction data and information on functional sites or critical residues.

Results
Here we describe an integrated approach called "PeptideMine" for the identification of peptides based on specific functional patterns present in the sequence of an interacting protein. This approach based on sequence searches in the interacting sequence space has been developed into a webserver, which can be used for the identification and analysis of peptides, peptide homologues or functional patterns from the interacting sequence space of a protein. To further facilitate experimental validation, the PeptideMine webserver also provides a list of physico-chemical parameters corresponding to the peptide to determine the feasibility of using the peptide for in vitro biochemical or biophysical studies.

Conclusions
The strategy described here involves the integration of data and tools to identify potential interacting partners for a protein and design criteria for peptides based on desired biochemical properties. Alongside the search for interacting protein sequences using three different search programs, the server also provides the biochemical characteristics of candidate peptides to prune peptide sequences based on features that are most suited for a given experiment. The PeptideMine server is available at the URL: http://caps.ncbs.res.in/peptidemine
Therapeutic angiogenesis by transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived Flk-1 positive cells
Authors: Suzuki Hirohiko , Shibata Rei , Kito Tetsutaro , Ishii Masakazu , Li Ping , Yoshikai Toru , Nishio Naomi , Ito Sachiko , Numaguchi Yasushi , Yamashita Jun K , Murohara Toyoaki , Isobe Kenichi 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are the novel stem cell population induced from somatic cells. It is anticipated that iPS will be used in the expanding field of regenerative medicine. Here, we investigated whether implantation of fetal liver kinase-1 positive (Flk-1+) cells derived from iPS cells could improve angiogenesis in a mouse hind limb model of ischemia.

Results
Flk-1+ cells were induced from iPS cells after four to five days of culture. Hind limb ischemia was surgically induced and sorted Flk-1+ cells were directly injected into ischemic hind limbs of athymic nude mice. Revascularization of the ischemic hind limb was accelerated in mice that were transplanted with Flk-1+ cells compared with control mice, which were transplanted with vehicle, as evaluated by laser Doppler blood flowmetry. Transplantation of Flk-1+ cells also increased expression of VEGF mRNA in ischemic tissue compared to controls.

Conclusions
Direct local implantation of iPS cell-derived Flk-1+ cells would salvage tissues from ischemia. These data indicate that iPS cells could be valuable in the therapeutic induction of angiogenesis.
Characterising B cell numbers and memory B cells in HIV infected and uninfected Malawian adults
Authors: Longwe Herbert , Gordon Stephen , Malamba Rose , French Neil 
Published: September 2010

Abstract

Background
Untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease disrupts B cell populations causing reduced memory and reduced naïve resting B cells leading to increases in specific co-infections and impaired responses to vaccines. To what extent antiretroviral treatment reverses these changes in an African population is uncertain.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was performed. We recruited HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected Malawian adults both on and off antiretroviral therapy attending the Queen Elizabeth Central hospital in Malawi. Using flow cytometry, we enumerated B cells and characterized memory B cells and compared these measurements by the different recruitment groups.

Results
Overall 64 participants were recruited - 20 HIV uninfected (HIV-), 30 HIV infected ART naïve (HIV+N) and 14 HIV-infected ART treated (HIV+T). ART treatment had been taken for a median of 33 months (Range 12-60 months). Compared to HIV- the HIV+N adults had low absolute number of naïve resting B cells (111 vs. 180 cells/μl p = 0.008); reduced memory B cells (27 vs. 51 cells/μl p = 0.0008). The HIV+T adults had B-cell numbers similar to HIV- except for memory B cells that remained significantly lower (30 vs. 51 cells/μl p = 0.02). In the HIV+N group we did not find an association between CD4 count and B cell numbers.

Conclusions
HIV infected Malawian adults have abnormal B-cell numbers. Individuals treated with ART show a return to normal in B-cell numbers but a persistent deficit in the memory subset is noted. This has important implications for long term susceptibility to co-infections and should be evaluated further in a larger cohort study.