bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Formation and microscopic investigation of iron oxide aligned nanowires into polymeric nanocomposite films
Authors: Fragouli Despina , Torre Bruno , Bertoni Giovanni , Buonsanti Raffaella , Cingolani Roberto , Athanassiou Athanassia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe present a microscopic investigation of nanocomposite films of iron oxide (γ‐Fe2O3) magnetic nanowires (NWs) aligned into polymers, formed upon evaporation of solutions of acrylate polymer/magnetic nanoparticles under magnetic field (MF). The field causes the assembly of the γ‐Fe2O3 nanoparticles along the direction of the MF lines, resulting in magnetic NWs embedded throughout the entire volume of the polymer film. The scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy studies show that the cylindrical‐shaped NWs have ∼15‐μm average length and are isotropically distributed throughout the film. The study with the MF microscopy technique not only proves that the composed NWs are magnetic but also makes possible the magnetic study of each individual NW in a nondestructive way. In this way it becomes possible for the localized study of the magnetic properties alteration after the binding of various molecules onto individual NWs, opening up the way of using these films in sensor devices applied in various fields ranging from biology to environmental purposes. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:952–958, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FT‐IR, Raman, RRS measurements and DFT calculation for doxorubicin
Authors: Das Gobind , Nicastri Annalisa , Coluccio Maria Laura , Gentile Francesco , Candeloro Patrizio , Cojoc Gheorghe , Liberale Carlo , De Angelis Francesco , Di Fabrizio Enzo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDoxorubicin (DOXO) is a powerful anthracycline antibiotic used to treat many human neoplasms, including acute leukemias, lymphomas, stomach, breast and ovarian cancer, and bone tumors, yet causing cardiotoxicity at the same time. For this reason, there is a great interest in medical field to gain deep insight and knowledge of this molecule. Raman, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT‐IR) absorption spectroscopy, and Resonance Raman scattering were performed for the vibrational characterization of DOXO molecule. Density function theorem (DFT) modeling of Raman and FT‐IR spectra were used for the assignment of the vibrational frequencies. The optimized molecular structured was obtained, first, on the basis of potential energy distribution. The simulation for vibrational bands is based on the calculations for internal force constants and potential energy distribution matrices. The calculated DOXO vibrational bands show qualitative agreement with the experimental observations (FT‐IR absorption and Raman scattering). Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:991–995, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immunochemical or fluorescent labeling of vesicular subcellular fractions for microscopy imaging
Authors: Panfoli Isabella , Calzia Daniela , Ravera Silvia , Bianchini Paolo , Diaspro Alberto 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe describe a procedure for the labeling of membranous vesicular purified subcellular fractions, to image them, typically by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Being intracellular organelles, these fractions, once purified cannot be attached to glass slides as for cells. Fractions are labeled “in batch” without prior embedding or freezing. Each labeling step performed by passages of resuspension/centrifugation is followed by washings. Then samples are dispersed on the glass slides. Mammalian retinal rod outer segment disks, intact brain stem myelin vesicles, and brain synaptosomes were chosen, as these subcellular fractions can be purified by well established procedures. These fractions were immunolabeled with specific antibodies. Moreover, by the earlier procedure, we show that the mitochondrial vital membrane potential probe MitoTracker Deep Red 633 stains myelin vesicles and rod disks before fixation, consistently with our previous reports of a respiring capacity of these membranes. Therefore, the technique seems adequate to become an instrument to study the structure and the function of these and other subcellular fractions. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:1086–1090, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Time sequence of blood activation by nanoporous alumina: Studies on platelets and complement system
Authors: Ferraz Natalia , Ott Marjam Karlsson , Hong Jaan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn the present work, the time sequence of blood activation by alumina membranes with different porosities (20 and 200 nm in diameter) was studied. The membranes were incubated with whole blood from 2 min to 4 h. Platelet adhesion and activation in addition to complement activation was monitored at different time points. Evaluation of platelet adhesion and activation was done by determining the change in platelet number and the levels of thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) in the fluid phase. Scanning electron microscopy studies were done to further evaluate platelet adhesion and morphology. Immunocytochemical staining was used to evaluate the presence of CD41 and CD62P antigens on the material surface. Complement activation was monitored by measuring C3a and sC5b‐9 in plasma samples by means of enzyme immunoassays. Both alumina membranes displayed similar complement activation time profiles, with levels of C3a and sC5b‐9 increasing with incubation time. A statistically significant difference between the membranes was found after 60 min of incubation. Platelet activation characteristics and time profile were different between the two membranes. Platelet adhesion increased over time for the 20 nm surface, while the clusters of microparticles on the 200 nm surface did not appreciably change during the course of the experiment. The release of TSP‐1 increased with time for both membranes; however, much later for the 200 nm alumina (240 min) as compared to the 20 nm membrane (60 min). The surface topography of the alumina most probably influence protein transition rate, which in turn affects material platelet activation kinetics. Microsc. Res. Tech. 73:1101–1109, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Outcomes after middle turbinate resection: Revisiting a controversial topic
Authors: Soler Zachary M. , Hwang Peter H. , Mace Jess , Smith Timothy L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To evaluate differences in endoscopy exam, olfactory function, and quality‐of‐life (QOL) status after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) for patients with and without bilateral middle turbinate (BMT) resection.Study Design:Open, prospective, multi‐institutional cohort.Methods:Subjects completing enrollment interviews, computed tomography (CT), and endoscopy exam were asked to provide pre‐ and postoperative responses to the Smell Identification Test (SIT), Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI), Chronic Sinusitis Survey (CSS), and the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form‐36 Health Survey (SF‐36). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed at the .05 alpha level.Results:Forty‐seven subjects with BMT resection were compared to 195 subjects without BMT resection with a mean follow‐up of 17.4 months postoperatively. Patients with BMT resection were more likely to have asthma (P= .001), aspirin intolerance (P= .022), nasal polyposis (P= .025), and prior sinus surgery (P= .002). Patients with BMT resection had significantly higher baseline disease burden measured by endoscopy, CT, and SIT scores (P< .001). No significant differences in improvement were found in RSDI, CSS, or SF‐36 scores between patients with BMT resection and those with BMT preservation (P> .05). Patients undergoing BMT resection were more likely to show improvements in mean endoscopy (−4.5 ± 5.2 vs. −1.9 ± 4.3;P= .005) and olfaction (5.3 ± 10.8 vs. 1.3 ± 7.6,P= .045) compared to those with BMT preservation.Conclusions:This investigation found no difference in QOL outcomes in patients with BMT preservation vs. resection. Patients undergoing BMT resection did, however, show greater improvements in endoscopy and SIT scores, which persisted after controlling for confounding factors. Laryngoscope, 2010
Repair of esophageal perforation due to anterior cervical spine instrumentation
Authors: Kau Ryan L. , Kim Namou , Hinni Michael L. , Patel Naresh P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe complication of esophageal perforation after anterior cervical spine fusion for cervical spine disease is rare but potentially fatal. We describe two cases of esophageal perforation found by esophagoscopic visualization. In one patient, primary closure could not be achieved, and a submental island flap was used to repair the defect. In the second patient, primary closure was achieved and a pectoralis major flap was interposed between the closure and the residual instrumentation. Postoperatively, both patients had no evidence of persistent perforation and had resolution of preoperative symptoms. Laryngoscope, 2010
Agrobiodiversity loss and livelihood vulnerability as a consequence of converting from subsistence farming systems to commercial plantation‐dominated systems in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China: A household level analysis
Authors: Fu Y. , Chen J. , Guo H. , Hu H. , Chen A. , Cui J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractProduction of rice (Oryza sativa) under a shifting cultivation system (swidden rice) and paddy fields (wet rice) is an important livelihood strategy in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China where households are facing conversion from subsistence systems to commercial plantation‐dominated systems represented by smallholder rubber plantations. However, there are few studies of the effects on rice production and varieties diversity, as well as livelihood effects at a household level during this conversion. This paper presents a household level analysis of agrobiodiversity loss and food security, as well as livelihood vulnerability during agroecosystems' conversion in Xishuangbanna. First, a quantitative assessment was made of the statistical data for rice and rubber production during the past 50 years in Xishuangbanna and at a village level from 1985 to 2005 for three villages from the valley floor and upland hills, respectively. Second, at a household level, 60 per cent of households from the three villages were investigated with a questionnaire from 1998 to 2005. The process of transformation has led to significant changes in the household's income and its proportion. Meanwhile, households have suffered livelihood vulnerability from excessive rubber plantations. The centrality of rice in Southeast Asian agricultural and social systems, contrasted with the significant erosion of rice‐based agroecosystem of local households, calls for increased attention to the livelihood vulnerability during this conversion. Correspondingly, practical strategies to resolve livelihood vulnerability are proposed, such as construction of paddy and effective irrigation systems for food security, agroforestry systems in rubber plantation, instead of monoculture, and diversification of sources of household income. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Leading with love in a fear‐based world
Authors: Bryant John Hope 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe question John Hope Bryant asks is if there can really be a place for something “as warm and fuzzy as love in the hard‐nosed, eat‐nails‐for breakfast, fear‐based world of business.” He argues that love not only has a place in business but also is absolutely central to sustainable success. Love leadership is a way of thinking and acting that acknowledges your selfish longings for success, yet also taps the hidden strength inherent in your personal insecurities and limitations. This article explains the five basic laws of leadership based on love.
In vitro and In vivo Evaluation of Docetaxel Loaded Biodegradable Polymersomes
Authors: Upadhyay Kamal K. , Bhatt Anant N. , Castro Emilio , Mishra Anil K. , Chuttani Krishna , Dwarakanath Bilikere S. , Schatz Christophe , Le Meins Jean‐François , Misra Ambikanandan , Lecommandoux Sébastien 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFormulation of docetaxel (DOC), a hydrophobic anticancer drug, was successfully achieved in poly(γ‐benzyl L‐glutamate)‐block‐hyaluronan polymersomes using a simple and reproducible nanoprecipitation method. The prepared DOC loaded polymersomes (PolyDOC) was stable either in solution or in a lyophilized form, and showed controlled release behaviour over several days. PolyDOC showed high in vitro toxicity after 24 h in MCF‐7 and U87 cells compared to free DOC. Biodistribution data demonstrated that 99mTc labelled PolyDOC t1/2 and MRT significantly increased compared to a DOC solution (DS). In addition, PolyDOC uptake in Ehrlich Ascites Tumor (EAT) tumor bearing mice was larger at each time point compared to DS, making such a polymer vesicle formulation an efficient drug nanocarrier for improved DOC cancer therapy.magnified image
Managerial optimism and investment choice
Authors: Englmaier Florian 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper analyzes whether it might be desirable for a firm to hire an overoptimistic manager to commit to a certain R&D strategy. I consider a Cournot model with an ex‐ante R&D stage where firms can invest in cost reduction before product market competition takes place. I show that firms want to hire overoptimistic managers and argue that a manager's type may serve as a substitute for strategic delegation via contracts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A multi‐start threshold accepting algorithm for multiple objective continuous optimization problems
Authors: Dhouib Souhail , Kharrat Aïda , Chabchoub Habib 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA multi‐start threshold accepting algorithm with an adaptive memory (MS‐TA) is proposed to solve multiple objective continuous optimization problems. The aim of this paper is to find efficiently multiple Pareto‐optimal solutions. Comparisons are carried out with multiple objective taboo search algorithm and genetic algorithm. Experiments on literature problems show that the proposed algorithm is more effective. The presented multi‐start adaptive algorithm improves the best‐known results by a significant margin. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Health and risk behaviors in survivors of childhood acute myeloid leukemia: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Schultz Kris Ann P. , Chen Lu , Chen Zhengjia , Zeltzer Lonnie K. , Nicholson H. Stacy , Neglia Joseph P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundSurvivors of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) face increased risks of chronic disease and secondary malignancies. Substance exposure may compound these risks.ProceduresParticipants were diagnosed with AML at <21 years of age and survived ≥5 years following diagnosis. All underwent chemotherapy alone or followed by autologous BMT (chemo ± autoBMT) or underwent allogeneic BMT (alloBMT) if an HLA‐matched related donor was available. Survivors completed a health questionnaire and a Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS).ResultsOf eligible survivors, 117 were ≥18 years of age and completed a YRBS. Survivors were a mean age of 10 years at diagnosis and 24 years at interview. Of the substance exposures assessed by YRBS, tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana were most common. Twenty‐two percent (22%) had smoked cigarettes in the last 30 days. One‐quarter (25%) reported binge drinking in the last month. None of these exposures varied by treatment group. Less than 10% of survivors reported cocaine, heroin, or methamphetamine use. Men were more likely to report high substance exposure (P = 0.004). Sadness/suicidality score was associated with cancer‐related anxiety (P = 0.006) and multiple health conditions (P = 0.006).ConclusionsThis analysis reveals exposure to tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana in young adults with few differences based on treatment received. Survivors with cancer‐related anxiety or multiple health conditions were more likely to report sadness/hopelessness. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:157–164. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Battersby Anna J. , Knox‐Macaulay Huxley H.M. , Carrol Enitan D. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIndividuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) demonstrate an increased susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections (IBI). The most common organisms causing IBI are Streptococcus pneumoniae, nontyphi Salmonella species and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). IBI are the most common causes of death in children below 5 years of age with SCD. Increased susceptibility to IBI is because of several factors including dysfunctional antibody production and opsonophagocytosis as well as defective splenic clearance. Early diagnosis of Hib and pneumococcal infections combined with antibiotic prophylaxis and immunization programs, could lead to significant improvements in mortality, especially in Africa. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2010;55:401–406. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Low mRNA expression of the apoptosis‐related genes CASP3, CASP8, and FAS is associated with low induction treatment response in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Mata Juliana F. , Silveira Vanessa S. , Mateo Elvis C. , Cortez Maria A.A. , Queiroz Rosane G.P. , Yunes José Andrés , Lee Maria Lúcia M. , Toledo Sílvia R.C. , Petrilli Antonio Sérgio , Brandalise Silvia R. , Tone Luiz G. , Scrideli Carlos A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundDefects in apoptosis signaling have been considered to be responsible for treatment failure in many types of cancer, although with controversial results. The objective of the present study was to assess the expression profile of key apoptosis‐related genes in terms of clinical and biological variables and of the survival of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).ProcedureThe levels of mRNA expression of the apoptosis‐related genes CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, FAS, and BCL2 were analyzed by quantitative real‐time PCR in consecutive samples from 139 consecutive children with ALL at diagnosis treated by the Brazilian protocol (GBTLI‐ALL 99). Gene expression levels and clinical and biological features were compared by the Mann–Whitney test. Event‐free survival (EFS) was calculated by Kaplan–Meier plots and log‐rank test.ResultsA significant correlation was detected between CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, and FAS expression levels (P < 0.01) in ALL samples. Higher levels of BCL2 were significantly associated with white blood cell (WBC) count <50,000/mm3 at diagnosis (P = 0.01) and low risk group classification (P = 0.008). Lower expression levels of CASP3, CASP8 and FAS gene were associated with a poor response at day 7 according the GBTLI‐ALL 99 protocol (P = 0.03, P = 0.02 and P = 0.008, respectively). There was a relationship between FAS gene expression lower than the 75th percentile and lower 5‐year EFS (P = 0.02).ConclusionThese findings suggest an association between lower expression levels of the pro‐apoptotic genes and a poor response to induction therapy at day 7 and prognosis in childhood ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;55:100–107. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using an additive to control the electrospinning of fibres of poly(ε‐caprolactone)
Authors: Kariduraganavar Mahadevappa Y , Davis Frederick J , Mitchell Geoffrey R , Olley Robert H 
Published: March 2010

AbstractElectrospinning is a route to polymer fibres with diameters considerably smaller than available from most fibre‐producing techniques. We explore the use of a low molecular weight compound as an effective control additive during the electrospinning of poly(ε‐caprolactone). This approach extends the control variables for the electrospinning of nanoscale fibres from the more usual ones such as the polymer molecular weight, solvent and concentration. We show that through the use of dual solvent systems, we can alter the impact of the additive on the electrospinning process so that finer as well as thicker fibres can be prepared under otherwise identical conditions. As well as the size of the fibres and the number of beads, the use of the additive allows us to alter the level of crystallinity as well as the level of preferred orientation of the poly(ε‐caprolactone) crystals. This approach, involving the use of a dual solvent and a low molar mass compound, offers considerable potential for application to other polymer systems. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Gradient and patterned polymer brushes by photoinitiated “grafting through” approach
Authors: Enright Timothy P. , Hagaman Daniel , Kokoruz Maryana , Coleman Natalia , Sidorenko Alexander 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMore than 2 decades of active investigations in the field of polymer brushes have revealed continuous and growing interest in different aspects of synthesis, properties, and applications of tethered polymers. In this article, we report on our recent advances in brush synthesis. The method we explore is based on the combination of “grafting through” approach with the functional anchoring polymer layer technique. We introduce the photoinitiated “version” of synthesis of polyacrylamide brushes. Both homogeneous depositions and laterally resolved gradient and patterned samples have been prepared by this technique. The results for flat polymer brushes, that is, thickness, stability, and contact angles, are complimented by kinetic parameters as deducted from analysis of gradient samples obtained by the method of a sliding mask. A microscopic shadow mask is used to fabricate patterned brushes. The microscopically patterned brushes demonstrate high lateral resolution limited by optical phenomena. Finally, we have performed a viability assaying of neuronal cell on both flat and patterned brushes. Sufficient restraint of cell adhesion on polyacrylamide photobrushes and very low cytotoxicity of the brush components (polymer brush itself, anchoring layer) make photografting a promising platform to control cell deposition and surface localization. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1616–1622, 2010
Fabrication of polymeric nano‐objects using PS5P2VP5 heteroarm star copolymers as building elements
Authors: Tasis Dimitrios , Tsitsilianis Constantinos 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis work is focused on the self‐organization of an heteroarm star copolymer consisting of 5 polystyrene and 5 poly(2‐vinylpyridine) (P2VP) arms emanated from a poly(divinyl benzene) core and the chemical stabilization of the resulting supramolecular nano‐objects in the bulk and in solution. To tune various morphologies from the same star copolymer, selective and nonselective solvent media were used. Thepyridine moieties, forming distinct P2VP nanodomains in the copolymer nanostructures, were selectively crosslinked using 1,4‐dibromobutane under mild conditions to yield stabilized polymeric “hairy” nano‐objects, dispersible in hot tetrahydrofuran. The morphology of the resulting nanostructures was studied using scanning electron microscopy and was found to be strongly dependent on various factors, such as the self‐assembly/casting conditions, the total time of the crosslinking reaction, and the dispersion procedure. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1636–1641, 2010
Water cavitation of hydrogels
Authors: Zimberlin Jessica A. , Crosby Alfred J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUsing the cavitation rheology (CR) technique developed in our labs, we show that fluids with negligible interfacial tensions with a surrounding material can be used to induce an elastic, cavitation instability in that material. We do this by changing the cavitation media from air, which was demonstrated to induce cavitation at the tip of a syringe needle in previous studies, to water, which has a negligible surface tension with the surrounding poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel material. In this case, the critical pressure in which this instability occurs can be directly related to the elastic modulus of the surrounding network and is shown to be nearly independent of length scale. This independence of size scale has important implications in the use of CR for the characterization of mechanical properties from molecular to macroscopic length scales. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1423–1427, 2010