bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capillary electrophoresis with LIF detection for assessment of mitochondrial number based on the cardiolipin content
Authors: Zhao Wenfeng , Chen Qidan , Wu Ruige , Wu Hong , Fung Yingsing , O Waisum 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCardiolipin is a mitochondria‐specific phospholipid known to be intimately involved with numerous mitochondrial functions. Accordingly, quantitative determination of cardiolipin provides a valuable aspect for assessing mitochondrial content and function. The current study was undertaken to develop a simple and reliable method for direct analysis of cardiolipin with particular application for the assessment of mitochondrial number of HepG2 cells. The method presented is based on the online 10‐N‐nonyl acridine orange (NAO) interaction with cardiolipin using CE with LIF detection. An aqueous‐organic solvent system composed of 10% H2O–40% methanol–50% ACN (all v/v) containing 20 μM NAO provides both short analysis time within 2 min and a definite fluorescence enhancement at 525 nm for NAO–cardiolipin complex as compared with NAO alone. Under the optimum condition, a calibration curve between the peak area and the concentration of cardiolipin was established in the range of 0.1–200 μM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9955. The detection limit is 9 nM. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of cardiolipin in mitochondria from HepG2 cells. A new biochemical method estimating the mitochondrial number per cell was developed and used together with the proposed method for cardiolipin per cell measurement and cardiolipin per mitochondrion reported before.
Biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS or Bio‐CCS)
Authors: Gough Clair , Upham Paul 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn terms of climate mitigation options, the theoretical potential of biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is substantial; introducing the prospect of negative emissions, it offers the vision of drawing atmospheric CO2 concentrations back down to pre‐industrial levels. This paper reviews issues raised at a workshop on BECCS, convened in Scotland in late 2009. Presentations by bioenergy and CCS specialists covered topics including the climate policy rationale for BECCS, global biomass CCS potential, the UK potential for BECCS, the risk of fossil fuel lock‐in via coal co‐firing, and carbon market issues. In practice, the scale of the forestry and accessible CCS infrastructure required are among the obstacles to the large‐scale deployment of BECCS in the near term. While biomass co‐firing with coal offers an early route to BECCS, a quite substantial (>20%) biomass component may be necessary to achieve negative emissions in a co‐fired CCS system. Smaller scale BECCS, through co‐location of dedicated or co‐combusted biomass on fossil CCS CO2 transport pipeline routes, is easier to envisage and would be potentially less problematic. Hence, we judge that BECCS can, and likely will, play a role in carbon reduction, but care needs to be taken not to exaggerate its potential, given that (i) there are few studies of the cost of connecting bio‐processing (combustion, gasification or other) infrastructure with CO2 storage sites and (ii) that scenarios of global bioenergy potential remain contentious. © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Intentional social distance regulation alters affective responses towards victims of violence: An FMRI study
Authors: Leiberg Susanne , Eippert Falk , Veit Ralf , Anders Silke 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate brain processes underlying control of emotional responses towards a person in distress by cognitive social distance modulation. fMRI and peripheral physiological responses (startle response and electrodermal activity) were recorded from 24 women while they watched victim–offender scenes and modulated their social distance to the victim by cognitive reappraisal. We found that emotional responses, including startle eyeblink and amygdala responses, can effectively be modulated by social distance modulation. Furthermore, our data provide evidence that activity in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and the anterior paracingulate cortex (aPCC), two brain regions that have previously been associated with brain processes related to distant and close others, is differentially modulated by intentional social distance modulation: activity in the dmPFC increased with increasing disengagement from the victim and activity in the aPCC increased with increasing engagement with the victim. We suggest that these two regions play opposing roles in cognitive modulation of social distance and affective responses towards persons in distress that enable the adaptive and flexible social behavior observed in humans. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2464–2476, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of new racemic and optically active N‐phosphonoalkyl bicyclic β‐amino acids via the kabachnik–fields reaction as potential biologically active compounds
Authors: Todorov Petar T. , Pavlov Nikola D. , Shivachev Boris L. , Petrova Rosica N. , Martinez Jean , Naydenova Emilia D. , Calmes Monique 
Published: October 2011

AbstractNovel racemic and optically active constrained N‐phosphonoalkyl bicyclic β‐amino acids have been synthesized via the Kabachnik–Fields reaction of the (RS) or (R)‐1‐aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane‐2‐carboxylic acids with paraformaldehyde and benzaldehyde, and the dimethyl‐H‐phosphonate. The structure of obtained compounds was characterized by NMR (1H, 13C, and 31P), LC/MS, and X‐ray diffraction analyses. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:123–130, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20759
Aberrant hippocampal spine morphology and impaired memory formation in neuronal platelet‐derived growth factor beta‐receptor lacking mice
Authors: Shioda Norifumi , Moriguchi Shigeki , Oya Takeshi , Ishii Yoko , Shen Jie , Matsushima Takako , Nishijo Hisao , Sasahara Masakiyo , Fukunaga Kohji 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe physiological role of platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) in the central nervous system (CNS) synaptic function remains uncharacterized. Here we identify physiological roles of PDGF receptor‐β (PDGFR‐β) in the CNS by conditional knockout of the gene encoding it. In the hippocampus, PDGFR‐β colocalized immunohistochemically with both presynaptic synaptophysin and postsynaptic density‐95 (PSD‐95). In the hippocampal CA1 region, expression levels of postsynaptic proteins, including spinophilin, drebrin, and PSD‐95, were significantly decreased in PDGFR‐β knockout mice, although presynaptic synaptophysin levels remained comparable to controls. Interestingly, in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons, dendritic spine density in PDGFR‐β knockout mice was significantly decreased compared with that seen in wild‐type mice, although spine length and number of dendritic branches remained unchanged. Consistent with these findings, impairment in hippocampal long‐term potentiation (LTP) and in hippocampus‐dependent memory formation were seen in PDGFR‐β knockout mice. These results suggest PDGFR‐β plays critical roles in spine morphology and memory formation in mouse brain. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
BOSC: A better oscillation detection method, extracts both sustained and transient rhythms from rat hippocampal recordings
Authors: Hughes Adam M. , Whitten Tara A. , Caplan Jeremy B. , Dickson Clayton T. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractNeuronal population oscillations at a variety of frequencies can be readily seen in electroencephalographic (EEG) as well as local field potential recordings in many different species. Although these brain rhythms have been studied for many years, the methods for identifying discrete oscillatory epochs are still widely variable across studies. The “better oscillation detection” (BOSC) method applies standardized criteria to detect runs of “true” oscillatory activity and rejects transient events that do not reflect actual rhythms. It does so by estimating the background spectrum of the actual signal to derive detection criteria that include both power and duration thresholds. This method has not yet been applied to nonhuman data. Here, we test the BOSC method on two important rat hippocampal oscillatory signals, the theta rhythm and slow oscillation (SO), two large amplitude and mutually exclusive states. The BOSC method detected both the relatively sustained theta rhythm and the relatively transient SO apparent under urethane anesthesia and was relatively resilient to spectral features that changed across states, complementing previous findings for human EEG. Detection of oscillatory activity using the BOSC method (but not more traditional Fourier transform‐based power analysis) corresponded well with human expert ratings. Moreover, for near‐continuous theta, BOSC proved useful for detecting discrete disruptions that were associated with sudden and large amplitude phase shifts of the ongoing rhythm. Thus, the BOSC method accurately extracts oscillatory and nonoscillatory episodes from field potential recordings and produces systematic, objective, and consistent results—not only across frequencies, brain regions, tasks, and waking states, as shown previously, but also across species and for both sustained and transient rhythms. Thus, the BOSC method will facilitate more direct comparisons of oscillatory brain activity across all types of experimental paradigms. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reaction of N‐(phenyl and methyl)‐C‐arylnitrones with DMAD in ionic liquid: Efficient synthesis of Δ4‐isoxazolines
Authors: Valizadeh Hassan , Vesally Esmail , Dinparast Leila 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFacile synthesis of N‐(methyl and phenyl)‐Δ4‐isoxazolines via the reaction of (Z)‐N‐(methyl and phenyl)‐C‐arylnitrones with dimethyl acethylenedicarboxylate, DMAD, in ionic liquid is described. (Z)‐N‐methyl‐C‐arylnitrones afforded the high yield of N‐methyl‐Δ4‐isoxazolines 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e in ionic liquid, [bmim]BF4, at room temperature. However, the reaction of (Z)‐N‐phenyl‐C‐arylnitrones with DMAD afforded the mixtures of cis and trans isomers of related N‐phenyl‐Δ4‐isoxazolines (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e, 5f, 5g, 5h, 5i, 5j, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, 6e, 6f, 6g, 6h, 6i, 6j) under these conditions. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
MCM‐41‐SO3H as a nanoreactor for the one‐pot, solvent‐free synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐9‐aryl decahydroacridines
Authors: Rostamizadeh Shahnaz , Amirahmadi Asiyeh , Shadjou Nasrin , Amani Ali M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractOne‐pot four‐component synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐9‐aryl decahydroacridines in solvent‐free condition was efficiently performed in the presence of MCM‐41‐SO3H as a nanocatalyst and nanoreactor in good yields. The method provides several advantages such as low cost, operational and experimental simplicity, high yields, and short reaction times. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2012).
The Integrated Deconvolution Estimation Model: Estimation of Reactivity Ratios per Site Type for Ethylene/1‐Butene Copolymers Made with a Heterogeneous Ziegler‐Natta Catalyst
Authors: Al‐Saleh Mohammad A. , Soares João B. P. , Duever Thomas A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe integrated deconvolution estimation model (IDEM) can be used to estimate the reactivity ratios of multiple‐site‐type catalysts used to make ethylene/α‐olefin copolymers, such as heterogeneous Ziegler‐Natta and Phillips catalysts. The estimation process combines high‐temperature GPC and 13C NMR data to find the reactivity ratios per site type. The IDEM is applied to two sets of ethylene/1‐butene copolymer samples made with an industrial TiCl4/MgCl2 catalyst in the presence and absence of hydrogen. A sensitivity analysis for parameter estimation is developed and the effect of the presence of hydrogen on the reactivity ratio per site type is quantified for the first time for this copolymerization system.magnified image
A stabilization algorithm of the Navier–Stokes equations based on algebraic Bernoulli equation
Authors: Amodei L. , Buchot J.‐M. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, we consider the stabilization of the nonstationary incompressible Navier–Stokes equations around a stationary solution by a boundary linear feedback control. The feedback operator is obtained from the solution of the algebraic Bernoulli equation associated with the penalized linearized Navier–Stokes equations around an unstable stationary solution and is used to locally stabilize the original nonlinear equations. We give the explicit factorized form of the stabilizing solution of the algebraic Bernoulli equation. The numerical effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated by stabilizing the vortex shedding behind a circular obstacle. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A local thermomechanical model of friction for computing structures under extreme loading conditions
Authors: Dambakizi F. , Le Tallec P. , Perlat J. P. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYA multiscale thermomechanical model of friction is proposed for metallic interfaces submitted to extreme loading conditions with large sliding velocities ( [v] > 100 ms−1) and high contact pressures (P > 1 GPa). This model decomposes the friction problem into a global multidimensional structural problem and a local interface subproblem. At global scale, the structure behavior is governed by an elastoplastic model in large strains, and thermal conduction is neglected. The local model describes the micrometric scale and the underlying thermomechanical mechanisms: mechanical hardening, frictional heating, and plastic work. Using dimensional and asymptotic analysis, the corresponding set of equations at local scale is simplified and reduces to a one‐dimensional quasistatic thermoelastoplastic friction model. It is solved locally at each global point by a finite differences subgrid model using a nonlinear time‐implicit solver. This solver is coupled to a time‐explicit Lagrangian hydrocode used at the global structural scale. The coupling strategy between the solvers is force‐based: the frictional stress is evaluated at the local scale by our multiscale friction model and transferred to the global model that can then predict local velocity corrections. This coupling strategy has been successfully tested on real‐life cases. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of surface treatments of banana fiber on mechanical, thermal, and biodegradability properties of PLA/banana fiber biocomposites
Authors: Jandas P.J. , Mohanty S. , Nayak S.K. , Srivastava H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPoly lactic acid (PLA)/Banana fiber (BF) biocomposites were fabricated employing melt blending technique followed by compression molding. BF were surface‐treated by NaOH and various silanes viz. 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) and bis‐(3‐triethoxy silyl propyl) tetrasulfane (Si69) to improve the compatibility of the fibers within the matrix polymer. Mechanical tests revealed an increase of tensile strength to the tune 136% and impact strength to 49% as compared with the untreated biocomposite. Thermal properties of the composites have been evaluated using DSC and TGA. DSC thermograms revealed an increase in the melting transitions thus revealing effective fiber/matrix interface. The thermal stability in the biocomposites also increased in case of banana fiber treated with Si69. Viscoelastic measurements using DMA confirmed an increase of storage modulus and low damping values in the silane treated biocomposites. Biodegradation studies in the biocomposites have been investigated in B. cepacia medium through morphological and weight loss studies. POLYM. COMPOS., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Eco‐friendly separation of catechins using cyclodextrins as mobile phase additives in RP‐HPLC
Authors: Bi Wentao , Li Shengnan , Row Kyung Ho 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTBackgroundNew mobile phases for RP‐HPLC were developed for the separation of catechin compounds in tea. Cyclodextrin mobile phase additives decreased the use of toxic and inflammable organic solvents without compromising resolution or separation efficiency.AimsTo develop a simple greener method for analyzing five tea catechins in RP‐HPLC, the mobile phase condition was optimized and the lowest organic modifier proportion with content resolutions and retention factors were obtained.Materials & Methods– Eco‐friendly cyclodextrins were used as mobile phase additives to decrease the proportion of organic modifier and improve resolutions and retention factors.ResultsThe effects of several physico‐chemical parameters on the retention factors were investigate d and the optimum conditions were obtained on a conventional C18 column, where the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile/water (12/88, v/v) with 1.5 mmol/L β‐cyclodextrin at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.DiscussionCyclodextrins can separate analytes through host‐guest complexation, where a transient diastereomeric complex is formed between the cyclodextrin and the analyte. β‐Cyclodextrin is the most accessible, the least expensive and generally the most useful cyclodextrin.ConclusionThis work developed a simple eco‐friendly method with the lowest concentration of organic solvents. Under the optimal condition, five catechins could be baseline separated within 17 minutes in the isocratic mode. This research exhibited the potential for the separation and determination of other active compounds from natural plants by a greener method. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Quantitative and Transformation Product Analysis of Major Active Physalins from Physalis Alkekengi Var. Franchetii (Chinese Lantern) Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography with Electrospray Ionisation Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Time‐of‐flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zheng Yunliang , Chen Yong , Ren Yiping , Luan Lianjun , Wu Yongjiang 
Published: October 2011

ABSTRACTIntroductionChinese lantern is the calyx or calyx‐with‐fruit of the plant Physalis alkekengi .var. franchetii (Solanaceae), and is potential material for the food and pharmaceutical industries. Physalins are the most active and representative secondary metabolites of Chinese lantern. A separation and quantification method based on UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS was developed for the quantitative analysis of five active physalins. The transformation products were also detected and identified for the first time.ObjectiveTo establish a LC‐MS/MS method to quantify five physalins in Chinese lantern for the purpose of quality control, and to identify the transformation products of 4,7‐didehydrophysalin B.MethodologyThe separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH Shield RP C18‐column with water and acetonitrile as the mobile phase under gradient conditions. ESI‐MS/MS was used as the detector to quantify the five physalins. The transformation products of 4,7‐didehydroneophysalin B were detected by UPLC–PDA‐ESI‐MS/MS and identified through comparing their HRMS and MS2 ion fragmentations with corresponding references.ResultsAll the compounds showed good linearity (R2 > 0.998). The recoveries, measured at three concentration levels, varied from 98.8 to 101.4% with RSDs < 4.5%. The total contents of the five physalins in Chinese lantern varied significantly. Three transformation products of 4,7‐didehydroneophysalin B were detected and tentatively identified.ConclusionThe present study developed a highly effective analytical method for the quality control of Chinese lantern, and it could provide comprehensive information for quality evaluation and new drug development of Chinese lantern. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
What effect does a cancer diagnosis have on the educational engagement and school life of teenagers? A systematic review
Authors: Pini Simon , Hugh‐Jones Siobhan , Gardner Peter H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractObjectivesA diagnosis of cancer during the teenage years arrives at an important stage of development, where issues of normality, identity and independence are crucial. Education provides opportunity for peer contact, achievement and development for teenagers. This systematic review examined the impact of a diagnosis of cancer on the educational engagement and school life of teenagers.MethodFive electronic databases were searched, returning a total of 3209 articles. Inclusion criteria were broad to allow for the range of literature within this area. Following screening, 22 articles (inclusive of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies) were retained and subjected to independent review and quality assessment.ResultsKey areas involved in the impact of a cancer diagnosis on teenagers' educational engagement include school attendance, reintegration, peer relationships and long‐term effects on education and employment.ConclusionSchool absences are a concern for teenagers, but do not necessarily lead to a reduction in educational and vocational attainment. It is important to involve health care and education professionals, as well as parents and teenagers themselves, in school reintegration if it is to be successful. Peer groups and body image are two areas that could mediate education engagement for teenagers. Further research needs to be undertaken to determine the overall impact of successfully maintaining education engagement specifically for teenagers, the role that peer groups play in this process and how education engagement contributes to the overall coping and well‐being of teenage cancer patients. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Catalyst design for the growth of highly packed nanotube forests
Authors: Esconjauregui Santiago , Fouquet Martin , Bayer Bernhard C. , Ducati Caterina , Robertson John 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe report a technique for the design of high‐density catalyst nanoparticles (NPs) which allow the growth of highly packed forests of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The technique consists of cycles of deposition and annealing of thin metal films, followed by NP immobilisation. This allows a CNT areal density of at least 1013 cm−2.
Policy‐driven customization of cross‐organizational features in distributed service systems
Authors: Walraven Stefan , Lagaisse Bert , Truyen Eddy , Joosen Wouter 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYIn a cross‐organizational context, software services are provided and consumed by different organizations. Ensuring that the non‐functional requirements of all the involved organizations are satisfied is hard to achieve in such a distributed and heterogeneous environment: the implementation of features, for example, security, is scattered across the services of multiple organizations. In this paper, we present a coordination architecture for flexible and policy‐driven composition of cross‐organizational features in distributed service systems. The underlying approach of this architecture is to specify the features and their composition at a higher level that abstracts the internal implementation mechanisms of the organizations involved. By means of feature composition policies, the organizations specify at a fine‐grained level which features are required and when they have to apply. Driven by these policies, our coordination middleware dynamically integrates the appropriate features throughout the cross‐organizational service composition in a consistent and efficient way. We have validated our architecture in a proof of concept showing limited performance overhead. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.