bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Transient Obliquity Tides Within Mimas' Warm, Icy Interior Preserved as a Frozen Fossil Figure
Authors: Gyalay S. , Nimmo F. , Downey B. G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMimas has a high eccentricity and an anomalously high physical libration like its neighbor, Enceladus, but does not appear to have a geologically active surface. We investigate Mimas' interior with a technique that infers spatial variations in tidal heating from its global shape. To account for its hydrostatic shape, we find Mimas' normalized moment of inertia is 0.375 ± 0.0025, indicating a relatively undifferentiated world. Its remaining topography is consistent with a ∼30 km thick conductive ice shell in Airy isostasy atop a weakly convecting ∼30 km thick layer that itself mantles a ∼140 km radius ice‐rock interior. The convective shell's density must be closer to the interior density to satisfy our moment of inertia and provide a denser compensating layer for Airy isostasy. This ice‐rock interior is elongated along the Mimas‐Saturn axis, which can match Mimas' observed physical libration without appealing to an ocean. The inferred ice shell thickness variations indicate a high obliquity (≈1.7°). We suggest that the obliquity damped rapidly, after which topography froze in when internal heat was conducted out of Mimas quicker than isostatic ice shell thickness variations could relax. We speculate on several possible explanations for this transient high obliquity, including excitation by ring‐forming material following the recent tidal disruption of an eccentric satellite. We cannot rule out a young Mimantean ocean, but our inferred moment of inertia favors a Mimas that was solid when it experienced a period of high obliquity, did not significantly melt during a recent resonance with Enceladus, and is solid today.
Power Spectral Characteristics of In‐Situ Irregularities and Topside GPS Signal Intensity at Low Latitudes Using High‐Sample‐Rate Swarm Echo (e‐POP) Measurements
Authors: Mohandesi Ali , Knudsen David J. , Skone Susan , Langley Richard B. , Yau Andrew W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIonospheric density structures at low latitudes range in size from thousands of kilometers down to a few meters. Radio frequency (RF) signals, such as those from global navigation satellite systems, that propagate through irregularities suffer from rapid fluctuations in phase and intensity, known as scintillations. In this study, we use the high‐sample‐rate measurements of the Swarm Echo (CASSIOPE/e‐POP) satellite's GPS Occultation (GAP‐O) receiver taken after its antenna was re‐oriented to vertical‐pointing, simultaneously with e‐POP Ion Mass Spectrometer surface current observations as a proxy for plasma density, to obtain the spectral characteristics of GPS signal intensity and in‐situ irregularities at altitudes from 350 to 1,280 km. We show that the power spectra of both measurements can generally be characterized by a power law. In the case of density irregularities, the spectral index with the highest occurrence rate is around 1.7, which is consistent with previous studies. Also, all the power spectra of GPS signal intensity in this study show a single spectral index near 2. Moreover, roll‐off frequencies estimated in this work range from 0.4 to 2.5 Hz, which is significantly higher than Fresnel frequencies calculated from ground GPS receivers at low latitudes (between 0.2 and 0.45 Hz). Part of this increase is due to the 8 km/s orbital velocity of Swarm Echo near perigee. Another key difference is that variations in the GPS signals in this study are dominated by the topside ionosphere, whereas GPS signals received from ground are affected mostly by the relatively dense F‐region plasma in the 250–350 km altitudinal range.
Misfolded protein deposits in Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s disease-related cognitive impairment, a [11C]PBB3 study
Authors: Matarazzo Michele , Pérez-Soriano Alexandra , Vafai Nasim , Shahinfard Elham , Cheng Kevin Ju-Chieh , McKenzie Jessamyn , Neilson Nicole , Miao Qing , Schaffer Paul , Shinotoh Hitoshi , Kordower Jeffrey H. , Sossi Vesna , Stoessl A. Jon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is associated with aggregation of misfolded α-synuclein and other proteins, including tau. We designed a cross-sectional study to quantify the brain binding of [11C]PBB3 (a ligand known to bind to misfolded tau and possibly α-synuclein) as a proxy of misfolded protein aggregation in Parkinson’s disease (PD) subjects with and without cognitive impairment and healthy controls (HC). In this cross-sectional study, nineteen cognitively normal PD subjects (CN-PD), thirteen cognitively impaired PD subjects (CI-PD) and ten HC underwent [11C]PBB3 PET. A subset of the PD subjects also underwent PET imaging with [11C](+)DTBZ to assess dopaminergic denervation and [11C]PBR28 to assess neuroinflammation. Compared to HC, PD subjects showed higher [11C]PBB3 binding in the posterior putamen but not the substantia nigra. There was no relationship across subjects between [11C]PBB3 and [11C]PBR28 binding in nigrostriatal regions. [11C]PBB3 binding was increased in the anterior cingulate in CI-PD compared to CN-PD and HC, and there was an inverse correlation between cognitive scores and [11C]PBB3 binding in this region across all PD subjects. Our results support a primary role of abnormal protein deposition localized to the posterior putamen in PD. This suggests that striatal axonal terminals are preferentially involved in the pathophysiology of PD. Furthermore, our findings suggest that anterior cingulate pathology might represent a significant in vivo marker of cognitive impairment in PD, in agreement with previous neuropathological studies.
Measuring burden of disease in both asthma and COPD by merging the ACQ and CCQ: less is more?
Authors: Cuperus Liz J. A. , van Zelst Cathelijne M. , Kerstjens Huib A. M. , Hendriks Rudi W. , Rutten-van Molken Maureen P. M. H. , Muilwijk-Kroes Jacqueline B. , Braunstahl Gert-Jan , in ’t Veen Johannes C. C. M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSymptoms of asthma and COPD often overlap, and both diseases can co-exist in one patient. The asthma control questionnaire (ACQ) and clinical COPD questionnaire (CCQ) were developed to assess disease burden in respectively asthma or COPD. This study explores the possibility of creating a new questionnaire to assess disease burden in all obstructive lung diseases by integrating and reducing questions of the ACQ and CCQ. Data of patients with asthma, COPD and asthma-COPD overlap (ACO) were collected from a primary and secondary care center. Patients completed ACQ and CCQ on the same day. Linear regression tested correlations. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used for item reduction. The secondary cohort with asthma and COPD patients was used for initial question selection (development cohort). These results were reproduced in the primary care cohort and secondary cohort of patients with ACO. The development cohort comprised 252 patients with asthma and 96 with COPD. Correlation between ACQ and CCQ in asthma was R = 0.82, and in COPD R = 0.83. PCA determined a selection of 9 questions. Reproduction in primary care data (asthma n = 1110, COPD n = 1041, ACO = 355) and secondary care data of ACO patients (n = 53) resulted in similar correlations and PCA-derived selection of questions. In conclusion, PCA determined a selection of nine questions of the ACQ and CCQ: working title ‘the Obstructive Lung Disease Questionnaire’. These results suggest that this pragmatic set of questions might be sufficient to assess disease burden in obstructive lung disease in both primary as secondary care.
Intra-Individual Paired Mass Spectrometry Dataset for Decoding Solar-Induced Proteomic Changes in Facial Skin
Authors: Camillo-Andrade Amanda C. , Santos Marlon D. M. , Nuevo Patrícia S. , Lajas Ana B. L. , Sales Lucas A. , Leyva Alejandro , Fischer Juliana S. G. , Duran Rosario , Carvalho Paulo C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPhotoaging is the premature aging of the skin caused by prolonged exposure to solar radiation. The visual alterations manifest as wrinkles, reduced skin elasticity, uneven skin tone, as well as other signs that surpass the expected outcomes of natural aging. Beyond these surface changes, there is a complex interplay of molecular alterations, encompassing shifts in cellular function, DNA damage, and protein composition disruptions. This data descriptor introduces a unique dataset derived from ten individuals, each with a minimum of 18 years of professional experience as a driver, who are asymmetrically and chronically exposed to solar radiation due to their driving orientation. Skin samples were independently collected from each side of the face using a microdermabrasion-like procedure and analyzed on an Exploris 240 mass spectrometer. Our adapted proteomic statistical framework leverages the sample pairing to provide robust insights. This dataset delves into the molecular differences in exposed skin and serves as a foundational resource for interdisciplinary research in photodermatology, targeted skincare treatments, and computational modelling of skin health.
High resolution Tibetan Plateau regional reanalysis 1961-present
Authors: Zhou Peifeng , Tang Jianping , Ma Mengnan , Ji Dabin , Shi Jiancheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the rapid global warming in recent decades, the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has suffered severe impacts, such as glacier retreat, glacial lake expansion, and permafrost degradation, which threaten the lives and properties of the local and downstream populations. Regional Reanalysis (RR) is vital for TP due to the limitations of observations. In this work, a 62-year (1961–2022) long atmospheric regional reanalysis with spatial resolution of 9 km (convective gray-zone scale) and temporal resolution of 1 hour over the TP (TPRR) was developed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, combined with re-initialization method, spectral nudging (SN), and several optimizations. TPRR is forced by ERA5 at hourly intervals. TPRR outperforms ERA5, realistically capturing climatological characteristics and seasonal variations of precipitation and T2m (air temperature at 2m above ground level). Moreover, TPRR better reproduces the frequency and intensity of precipitation, as well as the diurnal cycle of precipitation. This study also quantifies the wetting trend of 0.0071 mm/year over the TP amid global warming using TPRR.
Time-course RNAseq data of murine AB1 mesothelioma and Renca renal cancer following immune checkpoint therapy
Authors: Chin Wee Loong , Zemek Rachael M. , Tilsed Caitlin M. , Forrest Alistair R. R. , Fear Vanessa S. , Forbes Catherine , Boon Louis , Bosco Anthony , Guo Belinda B. , Millward Michael J. , Nowak Anna K. , Lake Richard A. , Lesterhuis W. Joost , Lassmann Timo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTime-critical transcriptional events in the immune microenvironment are important for response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), yet these events are difficult to characterise and remain incompletely understood. Here, we present whole tumor RNA sequencing data in the context of treatment with ICB in murine models of AB1 mesothelioma and Renca renal cell cancer. We sequenced 144 bulk RNAseq samples from these two cancer types across 4 time points prior and after treatment with ICB. We also performed single-cell sequencing on 12 samples of AB1 and Renca tumors an hour before ICB administration. Our samples were equally distributed between responders and non-responders to treatment. Additionally, we sequenced AB1-HA mesothelioma tumors treated with two sample dissociation protocols to assess the impact of these protocols on the quality transcriptional information in our samples. These datasets provide time-course information to transcriptionally characterize the ICB response and provide detailed information at the single-cell level of the early tumor microenvironment prior to ICB therapy.
Comparing vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in rs11568820, rs7970314, rs4334089 between COVID-19 patients with mild and severe symptoms: a case control study
Authors: Mohammadifard Noushin , Sadeghian Ladan , Hassannejad Razieh , Khosravi Elham , Gharipour Mojgan , Karimi Simin , Hosseini Shidokht , Sepahifar Mahtab , Bahrami Ghazaleh , Haghighatdoost Fahimeh , Sarrafzadegan Nizal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe associations of vitamin D receptor (VDR)- single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the symptoms of COVID-19 may vary between patients with different severities of COVID-19. Therefore, in the present study, we aim to compare VDR polymorphisms in severe and mild COVID-19 patients. In this study, a total number of 85 hospitalized patients and 91 mild/moderate patients with COVID-19 were recruited. SNPs in VDR genes were determined using ARMS and then confirmed by sanger sequencing. The mean (SD) age of participants in hospitalized and non-hospitalized group was 59.0 (12.4) and 47.8 (14.8) years, respectively. Almost 46% of participants in hospitalized and 48% of participant in non-hospitalized group were male. The frequency of TT genotype of SNP rs11568820 was significantly lower in hospitalized than non-hospitalized group (3.5% vs. 17.6%; P = 0.018). However, there was no significant differences between genotypes of SNPs rs7970314 and rs4334089 and also alleles frequencies in all SNPs of two groups. The genotype of rs11568820 SNP had an inverse association with hospitalization of patients with COVID-19 after adjustment for comorbidities [OR 0.18, 95% CI 0.04, 0.88; P = 0.034]. While, there was no relationship between genotypes of SNPs rs7970314 and rs4334089 and hospitalization. The TT genotype of rs11568820 plays protective role in sever COVID-19 and hospitalization. Further studies with a large sample size which consider various confounding factors are warranted to confirm our results.
Killing vector fields of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type V spacetime
Authors: Ahmad Shakeel , Hussain Tahir , Saqib Abdul Baseer , Farhan Muhammad , Farooq Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe classification of locally rotationally symmetric Bianchi type V spacetime based on its killing vector fields is presented in this paper using an algebraic method. In this approach, a Maple algorithm is employed to transform the Killing’s equations into a reduced evolutive form. Subsequently, the integration of the Killing’s equations is carried out subject to the constraints provided by the algorithm. The algorithm demonstrates that there exist fifteen distinct metrics that could potentially possess Killing vector fields. Upon solving the Killing equations for all fifteen metrics, it is observed that seven out of the fifteen metrics exclusively exhibit the minimum number of Killing vector fields. The remaining eight metrics admit a varying number of Killing vector fields, specifically 6, 7, or 10. The Kretschmann scalar has been computed for each of the obtained metrics, revealing that all of them possess a finite Kretschmann scalar and thus exhibit regular behavior.
Gentamicin loaded niosomes against intracellular uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains
Authors: Forte Jacopo , Maurizi Linda , Fabiano Maria Gioia , Conte Antonietta Lucia , Conte Maria Pia , Ammendolia Maria Grazia , D’Intino Eleonora , Catizone Angela , Gesualdi Luisa , Rinaldi Federica , Carafa Maria , Marianecci Carlotta , Longhi Catia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections and uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the main etiological agent of UTIs. UPEC can persist in bladder cells protected by immunological defenses and antibiotics and intracellular behavior leads to difficulty in eradicating the infection. The aim of this paper is to design, prepare and characterize surfactant-based nanocarriers (niosomes) able to entrap antimicrobial drug and potentially to delivery and release antibiotics into UPEC-infected cells. In order to validate the proposed drug delivery system, gentamicin, was chosen as “active model drug” due to its poor cellular penetration. The niosomes physical–chemical characterization was performed combining different techniques: Dynamic Light Scattering Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy. Empty and loaded niosomes were characterized in terms of size, ζ-potential, bilayer features and stability. Moreover, Gentamicin entrapped amount was evaluated, and the release study was also carried out. In addition, the effect of empty and loaded niosomes was studied on the invasion ability of UPEC strains in T24 bladder cell monolayers by Gentamicin Protection Assay and Confocal Microscopy. The observed decrease in UPEC invasion rate leads us to hypothesize a release of antibiotic from niosomes inside the cells. The optimization of the proposed drug delivery system could represent a promising strategy to significatively enhance the internalization of antimicrobial drugs.
Real-time data visualization of welding robot data and preparation for future of digital twin system
Authors: Magyar Péter , Hegedűs-Kuti János , Szőlősi József , Farkas Gábor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe application of industrial technologies is undergoing significant changes. Finding the level at which to use efficient cyberphysical systems is perhaps one of the most important technical preparatory tasks in implementing digital manufacturing. Welding technology systems are investigated, and a framework for capturing the data sets required for data-driven manufacturing is developed. To make full autonomy in a manufacturing environment meaningful, formerly isolated groups of equipment need to be organized into a production information system. In our research, a test system is created that can implement a digital virtual interface and achieve new levels of efficiency with a future digital twin system. In the discourse of the study, the technological parameters of welding test pieces were investigated, namely the available measurement data sets of current, and voltage data. In the summary section, most of the tasks and research directions are presented, which can be envisaged as a continuation of the present study. Our study will be followed by further research, already testing a complete digital twin system, thus reaching another milestone on the way to autonomous manufacturing.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Study of defensive behavior of a venomous snake as a new approach to understand snakebite
Authors: Alves-Nunes João Miguel , Fellone Adriano , Almeida-Santos Selma Maria , de Medeiros Carlos Roberto , Sazima Ivan , Vuolo Marques Otavio Augusto 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Snakebites affect millions of people worldwide. The majority of research and management about snakebites focus on venom and antivenom, with less attention given to snake ecology. The fundamental factor in snakebites is the snakes’ defensive biting behavior. Herein we examine the effects of environmental variables (temperature, time of day, and human stimulus) and biological variables (sex and body size) on the biting behavior of a medically significant pit viper species in Brazil, Bothrops jararaca (Viperidae), and associate it with the epidemiology of snakebites. Through experimental simulations of encounters between humans and snakes, we obtained behavioral models applicable to epidemiological situations in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. We found a significant overlap between behavioral, morphological, environmental, and epidemiological data. Variables that increase snakebites in epidemiological data also enhance the tendency of snakes to bite defensively, resulting in snakebites. We propose that snakebite incidents are influenced by environmental and morphological factors, affecting the behavior of snakes and the proportion of incidents. Thus, investigating behavior of snakes related to snakebite incidents is a valuable tool for a better understanding of the epidemiology of these events, helping the prediction and, thus, prevention of snakebites.
Ketamine-induced prevention of SD-associated late infarct progression in experimental ischemia
Authors: Zdunczyk A. , Schumm L. , Helgers S. O. A. , Nieminen-Kelhä M. , Bai X. , Major S. , Dreier J. P. , Hecht N. , Woitzik Johannes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSpreading depolarizations (SDs) occur frequently in patients with malignant hemispheric stroke. In animal-based experiments, SDs have been shown to cause secondary neuronal damage and infarct expansion during the initial period of infarct progression. In contrast, the influence of SDs during the delayed period is not well characterized yet. Here, we analyzed the impact of SDs in the delayed phase after cerebral ischemia and the potential protective effect of ketamine. Focal ischemia was induced by distal occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery in C57BL6/J mice. 24 h after occlusion, SDs were measured using electrocorticography and laser-speckle imaging in three different study groups: control group without SD induction, SD induction with potassium chloride, and SD induction with potassium chloride and ketamine administration. Infarct progression was evaluated by sequential MRI scans. 24 h after occlusion, we observed spontaneous SDs with a rate of 0.33 SDs/hour which increased during potassium chloride application (3.37 SDs/hour). The analysis of the neurovascular coupling revealed prolonged hypoemic and hyperemic responses in this group. Stroke volume increased even 24 h after stroke onset in the SD-group. Ketamine treatment caused a lesser pronounced hypoemic response and prevented infarct growth in the delayed phase after experimental ischemia. Induction of SDs with potassium chloride was significantly associated with stroke progression even 24 h after stroke onset. Therefore, SD might be a significant contributor to delayed stroke progression. Ketamine might be a possible drug to prevent SD-induced delayed stroke progression.
Multi-attention fusion transformer for single-image super-resolution
Authors: Li Guanxing , Cui Zhaotong , Li Meng , Han Yu , Li Tianping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecently, Transformer-based methods have gained prominence in image super-resolution (SR) tasks, addressing the challenge of long-range dependence through the incorporation of cross-layer connectivity and local attention mechanisms. However, the analysis of these networks using local attribution maps has revealed significant limitations in leveraging the spatial extent of input information. To unlock the inherent potential of Transformer in image SR, we propose the Multi-Attention Fusion Transformer (MAFT), a novel model designed to integrate multiple attention mechanisms with the objective of expanding the number and range of pixels activated during image reconstruction. This integration enhances the effective utilization of input information space. At the core of our model lies the Multi-attention Adaptive Integration Groups, which facilitate the transition from dense local attention to sparse global attention through the introduction of Local Attention Aggregation and Global Attention Aggregation blocks with alternating connections, effectively broadening the network's receptive field. The effectiveness of our proposed algorithm has been validated through comprehensive quantitative and qualitative evaluation experiments conducted on benchmark datasets. Compared to state-of-the-art methods (e.g. HAT), the proposed MAFT achieves 0.09 dB gains on Urban100 dataset for × 4 SR task while containing 32.55% and 38.01% fewer parameters and FLOPs, respectively.