bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytic Review: Right Ventricular Infarction
Authors: Dell'Italia Louis J. 
Published: November 2009

Right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) usually occurs after occlusion of a dominant right coronary artery, and the amount of right ventricular necrosis depends on whether this occlusion occurs proximal or distal along the length of the coronary artery. In patients who have a considerable amount of right ventricular necrosis, the physical examination reveals an elevated jugular venous pressure and Kussmaul's sign. Acute hemodynamic monitoring demonstrates a disproportionate elevation of the right atrial pressure (RAP) when compared with the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP). Previously validated hemodynamic criteria for identifying hemodynamically important RVMI include an RAP greater than or equal to 10 mm Hg and a RAP: PAWP ratio greater than or equal to 0.8. These hemodynamic findings can be seen in approximately 10% of patients who are seen with acute inferior transmural myocardial infarction; the findings can be produced in another 10% of patients after volume loading. Radionuclide angiography accurately assesses right ventricular systolic function using either the first pass or equilibrium technique. When the right ventricular ejection fraction is less than 40% and there is evidence of right ventricular wall motion abnormalities, the presence of hemodynamically important RVMI is highly likely. When a patient presents with hypotension and low cardiac index, volume therapy should be instituted initially. However, if cardiac index does not improve after RAP and PAWP have increased to greater than 20% above control values, intravenous dobutamine should be instituted without delay to restore circulatory stability. The acute and long-term prognosis of patients with RVMI is excellent as long as extensive left ventricular necrosis does not occur concomitantly. Furthermore, right ventricular systolic function has been shown to improve significantly in the recovery period so that the patient's functional capacity is not imparied.
Analytic Review: Thrombolytic Therapy in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Zwerner Peter L. , Gore Joel M. 
Published: November 2009

The salvage of myocardium in the setting of acute myocardial infarction has long been a goal of physicians involved in the care of patients with coronary artery disease. Understanding the role of thrombosis in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction has led the way to an entirely new approach to the treatment of this entity. Thrombolytic therapy has now become a widely used form of treatment with encouraging results. Both intravenous and intracoronary administration of thrombolytic agents have been shown to promote recanalization of acutely occluded coronary arteries. Results of studies using the clot-specific agent, tissue plasminogen activator, intravenously have been most encouraging; successful reperfusion has been obtained in approximately 70% of patients treated. In addition, a recent large-scale trial has shown a reduction in morbidity and mortality with the early use of thrombolytic agents. Ongoing trials should help delineate the precise role and timing of these agents as the initial form of therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Other issues that remain unresolved are the frequency of restenosis and the role of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in addition to thrombolytic therapy in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.
A Simulation Activity to Promote Flexibility and Adaptability in Secondary Education Students
Authors: Swanson Elizabeth F. , Furlong Mary S. 
Published: November 2009

This study involved the instruction of preservice secondary education students in decision-making skills to help them improve their instructional planning for handicapped learners. The first of two treatments was a discussion of adaptive techniques and the introduction of a case study activity requiring that students adapt their lesson plans to accommodate a particular handicapped child. The second treatment was a reaction by the course instructor to each student's adapted lesson plan which stated that the proposed modification did not work. Students were then asked to write a second adaptation. The instrument developed for this study yielded adaptation scores for the first treatment effect and flexibility scores for the second treatment effect. Results using a one-way repeated ANOVA found that the treatments promoted both adaptability and flexibility in instructional planning. This finding appeared to hold true whether or not subjects had taught before, had been exposed to handicapped children, or had had previous coursework in special education.
Project RETOOL
Authors: McClellan Elizabeth , Wheatley Wayne 
Published: November 2009

Project RETOOL is a federally funded project that offers training in the collaborative consultation model to post-doctorate leadership personnel. Collaborative consultation is an interactive program model that enables people with diverse expertise to generate creative solutions to mutually defined problems. Specifically, collaborative consultation promotes team ownership of the education of handicapped learners in the mainstream (Idol-Maestas, Nevin, & Paolucci-Whitcomb, 1984). Project RETOOL consultants share knowledge, skills, and experience with faculty teams from institutions of higher education. In their respective geographic regions, these interdisciplinary teams then act as consultants to other faculty teams interested in providing instruction in collaborative consultation. In addition, the teams develop and expand the consultation skills of their own preservice graduate and undergraduate students. Finally, team members act as consultants to graduate and undergraduate students as they in turn develop programs to accelerate the academic and social progress of handicapped students.
Hearing Impaired Preservice Teachers' Experiences
Authors: Otis-Wilborn Amy K. , Paddock Lisa 
Published: November 2009

Concern about the participation of hearing impaired people in the education of hearing impaired youth has been expressed by a number of educators over the years. More recently, it has been suggested that, with the advent of reform in higher education, the involvement of hearing impaired people in education has been inhibited. A number of "barriers" against hearing impaired individuals pursuing the teaching profession have been named, but, there has been no research on whether these barriers actually exist. This study is part of a longitudinal research endeavor to investigate hearing impaired (HI) students' experience in teacher training. The first phase, reported here, examines problems or barriers that HI students encountered during their acclimation to the training program for teachers of the hearing impaired at one university. Data collected using a qualitative research paradigm, and included data from a comparison group of hearing students. Results indicated that there were two major barriers: (1) lack of specific information regarding the requirements and policies of the eductional program and (2) meeting requirements for acceptance into the School of Education. Although the barriers experienced by HI students were similar to those of their hearing cohorts, these barriers were qualitatively different for HI students.
Treatment with dsDNA-anti-dsDNA antibody complexes extends survival, decreases anti-dsDNA antibody production and reduces severity of nephritis in MRLlpr mice
Authors: Burny W. , Lebrun P. , Cosyns J-P. , Saint-Remy J-MR 
Published: November 2009

Lupus nephritis results from the deposition on the glomerular basement membrane of antibodies cross-reacting with dsDNA. In an attempt to suppress the production of such antibodies in the MRLlpr mouse strain, mice were treated by injections of dsDNA-anti-dsDNA antibody complexes formed in an excess of syngeneic polyclonal antibodies to increase the immunogenicity of idiotypes. A first group of mice was treated after the onset of high-affinity anti-dsDNA IgG antibodies (3 months). We show here that fortnightly injections of dsDNA-anti-dsDNA antibody complexes significantly extend mouse survival over that of two control groups treated with either the carrier buffer or with sham complexes. Treated mice produced 5-fold less anti-dsDNA antibodies than control mice and presented a reduced nephritis activity index at the age of 7 months. Specific anti-idiotypic antibody levels were not modified in the treated group, while showing a sharp decrease in the control group between months 6 and 7. Mice of a second group were started on injections of dsDNA-anti-dsDNA complexes at the age of 4 months when nephritis was already ongoing, and were followed until death while receiving fortnightly injections. Forty percent of the treated mice were still alive after one year, while none of the control mice survived. dsDNA-anti-dsDNA complexes have therefore the potential of reducing the production of anti-dsDNA antibody production and the severity of nephritis in MRLlpr mice. These findings could be relevant for the treatment of human lupus.
Systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical expression and anti-Ro/SS—A response in patients with and without lesions of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: López-Longo FJ , Monteagudo I. , González CM , Grau R. , Carreño L. 
Published: November 2009

Patients with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) have recurrent annular and/or psoriasiphorm skin lesions, with or without systemic disease. Objective: To analyse the clinical expression and the Ro/SS-A response associated with SCLE in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods: 128 consecutive patients with SLE were studied. Anti-Ro/SS-A antibodies were detected by ELISA, (anti-60 kD Ro/SSA antibodies), immunoblotting (anti-60 kD and anti-52 kD Ro/SS-A antibodies) and counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE). Results: Seventeen patients (13.2%) showed SCLE lesions. Photosensitivity was more frequent in patients with SCLE (82%) than in patients without these cutaneous lesions (45%) (OR: 5.6). Arthritis (OR: 6.3), Raynaud's phenomenon (OR: 4.9), pleuritis (OR: 7.6), central nervous system disorder (OR: 6.4), renal disease (OR: 6.3), anemia (OR: 7.9), hypocomplementemia (OR: 6.1) and anti-dsDNA antibodies (OR: 12.7) were significantly more frequent in patients without SCLE. Anti-Ro/SS-A antibodies were detected in 15 (88.2%) patients with SCLE and 62 (55.8%) patients without SCLE by ELISA, in 10 (58.8%) and 34 (30.6%) patients by immunoblotting, and in 13 (76.4%) and 34 (30.6%) by CIE, respectively. Anti-60 kD-Ro/SS-A and anti-La antibodies, but not anti-52 kD-Ro/SS-A, were significantly more frequent in patients with SCLE than in patients without SCLE. Conclusions: The presence of SCLE lesions in patients with SLE is associated with a more favourable prognosis. The major anti-Ro/SS-A response is directed against the native 60 kD Ro/SSA protein.
Abnormalities in CD69 expression, cytosolic pH and Ca2+ during activation of lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Portales-Pérez D. , González-Amaro R. , Abud-Mendoza C. , Sánchez-Armáss S. 
Published: November 2009

Several immuno-regulatory abnormalities have been described in SLE patients. T cell dysfunction in SLE includes defective in vitro proliferative responses to several stimuli, reduced IL-2 production and a poor helper function. It has been widely proposed that this defective T cell immunoregulatory function has a key role in the hyperactivity of B cells and auto-antibody production in SLE. However, it has not been elucidated whether or not this cell dysfunction is intrinsic to lymphocytes or is due to other factors such as anti-lymphocyte auto-antibodies. In this study we have evaluated some important early cell activation events in T and non-T lymphocytes from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Peripheral blood lymphocytes from SLE patients and controls were isolated. The intracellular pH (pH i), cytosolic calcium (Ca2+i) and CD69 expression were determined by spectrofluorometry and flow cytometry. Modifications of these parameters in response to protein kinase C (PKC) activators, mitogenic lectins and calcium ionophores were also studied. We found a significant reduction in the increase of pHi in response to PKC activators (PMA) in SLE cells. In addition, the induction of CD69 expression by PMA was significantly lower in T cells from SLE patients. By contrast, freshly isolated non-stimulated SLE cells exhibited a significantly higher pHi, as well as an increased baseline expression of the early cell activation antigen CD69. On the other hand, the increase in Ca2+i in response to a Ca 2+ ionophore (4Br-A23187) or thapsigargin in Ca2+-free solutions, was smaller in SLE lymphocytes. We concluded that T cells from SLE patients exhibit abnormalities in several key early cell activation events (pH i, Ca2+i and CD69 expression). These abnormalities could have an important role in the T cell dysfunction observed in SLE. The presence of T cells with a preactivated phenotype in the peripheral blood of SLE patients, could be a reflection of the ongoing autoimmune phenomena that is occurring in these patients.
Relationship of anticardiolipin antibodies and antiphospholipid syndrome to HLA-DR7 in Mexican patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Authors: Granados J. , Vargas-Alarcón G. , Drenkard C. , Andrade F. , Melín-Aldana H. , Alcocer-Varela J. , Alarcón-Segovia D. 
Published: November 2009

We studied IgG and IgM anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) by an ELISA method in 80 Mexican systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and 378 of their first degree relatives. Sixty five percent of SLE patients and 16% of their relatives were positive for aCL. We also determined allele and haplotype frequencies of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) genes (classes I, II and III) in both patients and relatives. MHC allele and haplotype frequencies of aCL positive and negative individuals were compared to those of normal ethnically matched controls. SLE patients with aCL had statistically significant increased corrected frequencies of HLA-DR3 (pC = 0.04, RR = 2.78); DR7 (pC = 0.005), RR = 3.42) and DQ2 (pC = 0.003, RR = 2.58) antigens. Their first degree relatives positive for aCL also had increased frequency of HLA-DR7 but it did not remain significant after correcting the P value. On the other hand, SLE patients negative for aCL had a moderate increased frequency of DR3 and DQ2 but not of DR7. These results suggest that DR7 associates with the presence of aCL. The distribution of MHC alleles in SLE patients positive for aCL resembles that found in their aCL positive first degree relatives. Since the presence of the antibody is not sufficient to predict a clinical outcome, we studied those patients with reliable clinical data regarding the presence of the antiphospholipid syndrome (aPLS). SLE patients with aPLS had significantly increased frequency of DR7 (pC = 0.004), as did those with probable aPLS (pC = 0.05), while the frequency of DR7 in SLE patients in the doubtful or negative aPLS categories was no different from normal controls. These data support a possible role of DR7 in the development of aCL in SLE patients and their relatives and suggest a contribution of this class II MHC antigen to the development of aPLS within SLE.
Patient Participation in the Patient-Provider Interaction: The Effects of Patient Question Asking on the Quality of Interaction, Satisfaction and Compliance
Authors: Roter Debra L. 
Published: November 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness, dynamics, and consequences of a health education intervention designed to increase patient question asking during the patient's medical visit. Data were collected at a Baltimore family and community health center which provides outpatient services to a low income, predominantly black and female population. The majority of the study participants were, in addition, elderly and chronically ill. A total of 294 patients and 3 providers took part in the study. The study design included random assignment of patients to experimental and placebo groups with two non-equivalent (non-randomized) control groups. Findings included: (1) The experimental group patients asked more direct questions and fewer indirect questions than did placebo group patients. (2) The experimental group patient-provider interaction was characterized by negative affect, anxiety, and anger, while the placebo group patient-provider interaction was characterized as mutually sympathetic. (3) The experimental group patients were less satisifed with care received in the clinic on the day of their visit than were placebo patients. (4) The experimental group patients demonstrated higher appointment-keeping ratios (an average number of appointments kept divided by an average number of appointments made) during a four-month prospective monitoring period.
CD94 surface density identifies a functional intermediary between the CD56bright and CD56dim human NK-cell subsets
Authors: Yu Jianhua , Mao Hsiaoyin C. , Wei Min , Hughes Tiffany , Zhang Jianying , Park Il-kyoo , Liu Shujun , McClory Susan , Marcucci Guido , Trotta Rossana , Caligiuri Michael A. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractHuman CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells possess little or no killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), high interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production, but little cytotoxicity. CD56dim NK cells have high KIR expression, produce little IFN-γ, yet display high cytotoxicity. We hypothesized that, if human NK maturation progresses from a CD56bright to a CD56dim phenotype, an intermediary NK cell must exist, which demonstrates more functional overlap than these 2 subsets, and we used CD94 expression to test our hypothesis. CD94highCD56dim NK cells express CD62L, CD2, and KIR at levels between CD56bright and CD94lowCD56dim NK cells. CD94highCD56dim NK cells produce less monokine-induced IFN-γ than CD56bright NK cells but much more than CD94lowCD56dim NK cells because of differential interleukin-12–mediated STAT4 phosphorylation. CD94highCD56dim NK cells possess a higher level of granzyme B and perforin expression and CD94-mediated redirected killing than CD56bright NK cells but lower than CD94lowCD56dim NK cells. Collectively, our data suggest that the density of CD94 surface expression on CD56dim NK cells identifies a functional and likely developmental intermediary between CD56bright and CD94lowCD56dim NK cells. This supports the notion that, in vivo, human CD56bright NK cells progress through a continuum of differentiation that ends with a CD94lowCD56dim phenotype.
Generation of functional NKT cells in vitro from embryonic stem cells bearing rearranged invariant Vα14-Jα18 TCRα gene
Authors: Watarai Hiroshi , Rybouchkin Andrei , Hongo Naomi , Nagata Yuko , Sakata Sakura , Sekine Etsuko , Dashtsoodol Nyambayar , Tashiro Takuya , Fujii Shin-ichiro , Shimizu Kanako , Mori Kenji , Masuda Kyoko , Kawamoto Hiroshi , Koseki Haruhiko , Taniguchi Masaru 
Published: November 2009

AbstractEstablishment of a system with efficient generation of natural killer T (NKT) cells from embryonic stem (ES) cells would enable us to identify the cells with NKT-cell potential and obtain NKT cells with desired function. Here, using cloned ES (NKT-ES) cells generated by the transfer of nuclei from mature NKT cells, we have established a culture system that preferentially developed functional NKT cells and also identified early NKT progenitors, which first appeared on day 11 as a c-kit+ population in the cocultures on OP9 cells with expression of Notch ligand, delta-like1 (OP9/Dll-1) and became c-kitlo/− on day 14. Interestingly, in the presence of Notch signals, NKT-ES cells differentiated only to thymic CD44lo CD24hi NKT cells producing mainly interleukin-4 (IL-4), whereas NKT cells resembling CD44hi CD24lo liver NKT cells producing mainly interferon γ (IFN-γ) and exhibiting strong adjuvant activity in vivo were developed in the switch culture starting at day 14 in the absence of Notch. The cloned ES culture system offers a new opportunity for the elucidation of the molecular events on NKT-cell development and for the establishment of NKT-cell therapy.
Three-dimensional migration of macrophages requires Hck for podosome organization and extracellular matrix proteolysis
Authors: Cougoule Céline , Le Cabec Véronique , Poincloux Renaud , Al Saati Talal , Mège Jean-Louis , Tabouret Guillaume , Lowell Clifford A. , Laviolette-Malirat Nathalie , Maridonneau-Parini Isabelle 
Published: November 2009

AbstractTissue infiltration of phagocytes exacerbates several human pathologies including chronic inflammations or cancers. However, the mechanisms involved in macrophage migration through interstitial tissues are poorly understood. We investigated the role of Hck, a Src-family kinase involved in the organization of matrix adhesion and degradation structures called podosomes. In Hck−/− mice submitted to peritonitis, we found that macrophages accumulated in interstitial tissues and barely reached the peritoneal cavity. In vitro, 3-dimensional (3D) migration and matrix degradation abilities, 2 protease-dependent properties of bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs), were affected in Hck−/− BMDMs. These macrophages formed few and undersized podosome rosettes and, consequently, had reduced matrix proteolysis operating underneath despite normal expression and activity of matrix metalloproteases. Finally, in fibroblasts unable to infiltrate matrix, ectopic expression of Hck provided the gain–of–3D migration function, which correlated positively with formation of podosome rosettes. In conclusion, spatial organization of podosomes as large rosettes, proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix, and 3D migration appeared to be functionally linked and regulated by Hck in macrophages. Hck, as the first protein combining a phagocyte-limited expression with a role in 3D migration, could be a target for new anti-inflammatory and antitumor molecules.
Purified T-depleted, CD34+ peripheral blood and bone marrow cell transplantation from haploidentical mother to child with thalassemia
Authors: Sodani Pietro , Isgrò Antonella , Gaziev Javid , Polchi Paola , Paciaroni Katia , Marziali Marco , Simone Maria Domenica , Roveda Andrea , Montuoro Aldo , Alfieri Cecilia , De Angelis Gioia , Gallucci Cristiano , Erer Buket , Isacchi Giancarlo , Zinno Francesco , Adorno Gaspare , Lanti Alessandro , Faulkner Lawrence , Testi Manuela , Andreani Marco , Lucarelli Guido 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Fetomaternal microchimerism suggests immunological tolerance between mother and fetus. Thus, we performed primary hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a mismatched mother to thalassemic patient without an human leukocyte antigen–identical donor. Twenty-two patients with thalassemia major were conditioned with 60 mg/kg hydroxyurea and 3 mg/kg azathioprine from day −59 to −11; 30 mg/m2 fludarabine from day −17 to −11; 14 mg/kg busulfan starting on day −10; and 200 mg/kg cyclophosphamide, 10 mg/kg thiotepa, and 12.5 mg/kg antithymocyte globulin daily from day −5 to −2. Fourteen patients received CD34+-mobilized peripheral blood and bone marrow progenitor cells; 8 patients received marrow graft–selected peripheral blood stem cells CD34+ and bone marrow CD3/CD19-depleted cells. T-cell dose was adjusted to 2 × 105/kg by fresh marrow cell addback at the time of transplantation. Both groups received cyclosporine for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis for 2 months after transplantation. Two patients died (cerebral Epstein-Barr virus lymphoma or cytomegalovirus pneumonia), 6 patients reject their grafts, and 14 showed full chimerism with functioning grafts at a median follow-up of 40 months. None of the 14 patients who showed full chimerism developed acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease. These results suggest that maternal haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is feasible in patients with thalassemia who lack a matched related donor.