bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia and re‐thrombosis associated with warfarin and fondaparinux in a child
Authors: Maurer Scott H. , Wilimas Judith A. , Wang Winfred C. , Reiss Ulrike M. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractAn 11‐year‐old female developed heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) with thrombosis during therapy for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Transition from bivalirudin, a direct thrombin inhibitor (DTI), to warfarin resulted in extensive re‐thrombosis, and fondaparinux therapy similarly failed. She was then treated with argatroban, and transitioned successfully to warfarin after 9 weeks. The risk of re‐thrombosis was ultimately reduced by allowing time for the thrombogenic potential to abate. The argatroban/warfarin transition was monitored with chromogenic factor X levels. This case highlights several difficult problems in pediatric thrombosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:468–471. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bin1 is linked to metastatic potential and chemosensitivity in neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhong Xiaoling , Hoelz Derek J. , Kumar Hari R. , Sandoval John A. , Rescorla Frederick J. , Hickey Robert J. , Malkas Linda H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundNeuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in children. At the time of diagnosis, the tumor has metastasized in as many as 7 of 10 cases, and survival in high‐risk patients remains poor. Accurate classification of high‐risk patients is very important since this determines treatment plan, and although a consensus risk classification system has been established for NB, it contains few specific molecular markers that account for aggressive nature and metastatic potential of the tumor. Bin1 expression is reduced in breast, NB, and other cancer types and the reduction correlates with high‐risk clinical features. Here we hypothesize that Bin1 has an inhibitory role in metastasis, and therefore decrease in its expression may be a marker of high‐risk NB.ProcedureInitially, breast cancer and NB cell lines derived from metastasis were examined for Bin1 expression. Then, a stable Bin1‐overexpressing NB cell line was created and evaluated for in vitro metastatic behaviors using anoikis, invasion, and migration assays, and chemoresponsiveness using MTT assay.ResultsReduced Bin1 was detected in all cancer cell lines examined, and forced Bin1 overexpression increased NB cell anoikis and enhanced the cell killing by doxorubicin. However, Bin1 overexpression did not significantly affect cell invasion, motility, or proliferation.ConclusionsBin1 appears to function as a metastasis suppressor and chemosensitizer in NB, and resistance to anoikis may be an important metastatic mechanism. Thus, Bin1 expression status could serve as a marker for metastatic potential and chemosensitivity thereby allowing for more accurate classifications of high‐risk NB patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:332–337. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First trimester measurements of nasal bone length using three‐dimensional ultrasound
Authors: Chen Min , Wang Hui Fang , Leung Tak Yeung , Fung Tak Yuen , Chan Lin Wai , Sahota Daljit Singh , Lao Tzu‐Hsi Terence , Lau Tze Kin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the feasibility and reproducibility of measurements of nasal bone length using a three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound in the first trimester.MethodsIn a prospective study, 118 consecutive pregnant women attending for Down syndrome screening at 11–13 + 6 weeks were recruited. They had successful fetal nasal bone measurement by two‐dimensional (2D) ultrasound by four operators. Three‐dimensional volumes were recorded in the mid‐sagittal plane of fetal profile by the fifth operator and examined using multiplanar techniques. Another independent investigator randomly compared his measurements with one of the four operators.ResultsIn the subsequent 3D examination, the nasal bone length could be examined in 94 cases (79.7%). The mean difference between the 2D and 3D measurements was 0.19 mm [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.08 to 0.31] (P < 0.05). Limits of agreement were −0.73 to 1.11. The mean differences between these two observers were 0.66 mm (95% CI −0.47 to 0.86) (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThere was significant intermethod difference between the results obtained by 2D and 3D, as well as substantial interobserver variation in 3D measurement of fetal nasal bone length in the first trimester. Independent 3D measurement of nasal bone offers no additional advantages over 2D sonography. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
First trimester maternal serum placental protein 13 for the prediction of pre‐eclampsia in women with a priori high risk
Authors: Khalil Asma , Cowans Nicholas J. , Spencer Kevin , Goichman Sergey , Meiri Hamutal , Harrington Kevin 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether first trimester maternal serum PP13 can predict pre‐eclampsia among women with a priori high risk.MethodThis was a nested case–control study. Women less than 14 weeks' gestation at increased risk of developing pre‐eclampsia were recruited. Venous blood samples were assayed for PP13 using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. PP13 multiples of median (MoM) were calculated and adjusted for body mass index, ethnicity, smoking, maternal age and parity. For each case of pre‐eclampsia (n = 42), five controls were randomly selected. PP13 levels were compared between women who developed pre‐eclampsia and controls using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Sensitivity and false‐positive rates were derived from receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsWomen who developed pre‐eclampsia had significantly lower (P < 0.001) PP13 MoMs compared with controls. PP13 MoMs for controls and pre‐eclampsia cases were 1.0 (range 0.0–10.0) and 0.4 (range 0.0–7.0), respectively (P < 0.001). At a MoM cutoff of 0.53, for a false‐positive rate of 10%, sensitivity was 50% for pre‐eclampsia at term (>37 weeks), 62% for preterm pre‐eclampsia (<37 weeks) and 71% for early‐onset pre‐eclampsia (<34 weeks).ConclusionFirst trimester PP13 can predict pre‐eclampsia in women at increased a priori risk and predicts early‐onset better than late‐onset disease. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Training for percutaneous umbilical blood sampling during Maternal Fetal Medicine fellowship in the United States
Authors: Grace Daniel , Thornburg Loralei L. , Grey Angela , Ozcan Tulin , Pressman Eva K. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractObjectiveTo describe the rates of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling(PUBS) training in United States Maternal Fetal Medicine (MFM) fellowships.Study DesignWe performed an online survey of MFM fellows in all 3 years of fellowship regarding their PUBS training experience.ResultsOf the 143 surveys, 87 (61%) were completed. The median number of PUBS performed was 1 (range 0–50) with a median of 5 (range 0–50) expected to be performed by fellowship completion. In all, 75 (86%) plan on performing PUBS after completion of fellowship. Of those, 53 (71%) do not expect to perform as many PUBS as they themselves consider the minimum number to achieve competency. There appears to regional variation in training opportunities.ConclusionTraining for PUBS in MFM fellowships appears to be limited in many portions of the country. Most fellows planning on performing PUBS in practice will not have performed the self‐described minimum number needed for competence during fellowship. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cardiovascular and psychiatric risk profile and patterns of use in patients starting anti‐obesity drugs
Authors: Willemen Marjolein J. C. , Mantel‐Teeuwisse Aukje K. , M. Straus Sabine M. J. , Leufkens Hubert G. M. , Egberts Antoine C. G. , M. Sturkenboom Miriam C. J. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPurposeReal‐life experience with anti‐obesity drugs has shown that psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases may be reported as adverse drug reactions. For adequate risk assessment of these drugs knowledge on baseline risks of patients starting anti‐obesity drugs and insight in patterns of use is needed. The aim was to assess whether baseline characteristics of patients starting anti‐obesity drugs differ from those not being prescribed these drugs, and to study patterns of anti‐obesity drug use.MethodsA population‐based cohort study was conducted in the IPCI database (1995–2007). The index cohort comprised all persons who started an anti‐obesity drug. The reference cohort comprised up to six randomly sampled patients from the same GP practice with same index date. Baseline characteristics were assessed for both cohorts. The index cohort was followed for 1 year to study patterns of drug use. Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsThe index and reference cohort comprised 1471 and 8736 persons, respectively. Both cardiovascular and psychiatric co‐morbidities were more prevalent among starters compared to non‐starters. 77.7% of the patients stopped using anti‐obesity drugs within 90 days. Users of amphetamine‐like drugs differed from patients using orlistat or sibutramine, whereas users of orlistat and sibutramine were highly comparable.ConclusionsThe increased prevalence of co‐morbidities constitutes a baseline risk which may translate in higher occurrence of psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases during use of anti‐obesity drugs, independent of the drugs. The limited period of use might reduce possible cardiovascular benefits of weight reduction induced by these drugs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk of drug‐induced photosensitivity: focus on spectroscopic and molecular characteristics
Authors: Verdel B.M. , Souverein P.C. , Meyboom R.H.B. , Kardaun S.H. , Leufkens H.G.M. , Egberts A.C.G. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBackgroundDrug‐induced photosensitivity is difficult to predict and remains a challenge for both the dermatological clinical practice and pharmacovigilance.PurposeTo assess the association between spectroscopic and molecular characteristics and the occurrence of photosensitivity reactions.MethodsFor 143 well‐known photosensitisers (e.g. tetracyclines, diuretics), we retrieved information on spectroscopic and molecular parameters, including: absorption maximumλmax, molar absorption coefficientε, area under the absorption curve (AUC), molecular weight and configuration, hetero and aromatic halogen atoms, lipophilicity (log P) and acid/base status (pKa). In the WHO‐ADR database, all reports with suspected adverse drug reactions of the study drugs were selected. We identified all reports on photosensitivity reactions and defined them as cases. All other reports were selected as non‐cases. A case–non‐case approach was performed to assess the spectroscopic and molecular exposure variables as a factor for photosensitivity reactions. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsAλmaxbetween 290 and 320 nm (OR 3.74, 95% CI 3.45–4.06), and anε > 20 000 M−1 cm−1(OR 5.49, 95% CI 5.10–5.92) were highly associated with the reporting of photosensitivity reactions. Risk of the photosensitivity reactions was significantly increased among intermediate or high AUCs compared to low AUC. Low molecular weight and aromatic halogen atoms were associated with photosensitivity reactions (OR 2.37, 95% CI 2.07–2.71 resp. OR 3.37, 95% CI 3.15–3.61) as were logp < 1 and pKa < 7.ConclusionThe reporting of photosensitivity reactions to established phototoxic drug classes is strongly influenced by spectroscopic and physicochemical characteristics of individual drugs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of γ‐radiation on the thermal and mechanical properties of a commercial poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)
Authors: Han Changyu , Bian Junjia , Liu Hao , Dong Lisong 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) has attracted wide interest as a biodegradable polymer. However, its use is restricted in certain applications due to its low melting point.RESULTS: PBAT was treated using γ‐radiation. The radiation features were analyzed using Soxhlet extraction, and the ratio of chain scission and crosslinking and gelation dose were determined using the classical Charlesby–Pinner equation. The results showed that PBAT is a radiation‐crosslinkable polymer. The degree of crosslinking increased with increasing radiation dose; the relation between sol fraction and dose followed the Charlesby–Pinner equation. Differential scanning calorimetry analyses showed that the melting temperature (Tm) and the heat of fusion (ΔHm) of PBAT exhibited almost no change in the first scan. The second scan, however, showed a decrease in Tm and ΔHm. The glass transition temperature of irradiated PBAT increased with increasing radiation dose. The weight loss of control and irradiated PBAT resulting from thermal degradation was a one‐step process. Moreover, the tensile strength and elongation at break decreased with an increase in radiation dose. However, the Young's modulus and stress at yield were not greatly affected by γ‐radiation.CONCLUSION: PBAT can be crosslinked using γ‐radiation. The crosslinking efficiency is relatively low. The thermal and mechanical properties of PBAT are affected by γ‐radiation. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in the respiratory tract of cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: Bjarnsholt Thomas , Jensen Peter Østrup , Fiandaca Mark J. , Pedersen Jette , Hansen Christine Rønne , Andersen Claus Bøgelund , Pressler Tacjana , Givskov Michael , Høiby Niels 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe present study was undertaken to investigate the appearance and location of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung and in sputum. Samples include preserved tissues of CF patients who died due to chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection prior to the advent of intensive antibiotic therapy, explanted lungs from 3 intensively treated chronically P. aeruginosa infected CF patients and routine sputum from 77 chronically P. aeruginosa infected CF patients. All samples were investigated microscopically using hematoxylin–eosin (HE), Gram and alcian‐blue stain, PNA FISH and immunofluorescence for alginate.Investigation of the preserved tissues revealed that prior to aggressive antibiotic therapy, P. aeruginosa infection and destruction of the CF lung correlated with the occurrence of mucoid (alginate) bacteria present in aggregating structures surrounded by pronounced polymorphonuclear‐leukocyte (PMN) inflammation in the respiratory zone (9/9). Non‐mucoid bacteria were not observed here, and rarely in the conductive zone (1/9). However, in the explanted lungs, the P. aeruginosa aggregates were also mucoid but in contrast to the autopsies, they were very rare in the respiratory zone but abundant in the sputum of the conductive zone (3/3), which also contained abundances of PMNs (3/3). Non‐mucoid and planktonic P. aeruginosa were also observed here (3/3).In conclusion, the present intensive antibiotic therapy of chronic P. aeruginosa infections, at the Copenhagen CF Centre, seems to restrain but not eradicate the bacteria from the conductive zone, whereas the remaining healthy respiratory zone appears to be protected, for a long period, from massive biofilm infection. This strongly suggests that the conductive zone serves as a bacterial reservoir where the bacteria are organized in mucoid biofilms within the mucus, protected against antibiotics and host defenses. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2009; 44:547–558. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The volume conjecture and topological strings
Authors: Dijkgraaf R. , Fuji H. 
Published: May 2009

AbstractIn this paper, we discuss a relation between Jones‐Witten theory of knot invariants and topological open string theory on the basis of the volume conjecture. We find a similar Hamiltonian structure for both theories, and interpret the AJ conjecture as the 𝒟‐module structure for a D‐brane partition function. In order to verify our claim, we compute the free energy for the annulus contributions in the topological string using the Chern‐Simons matrix model, and find that it coincides with the Reidemeister torsion in the case of the figure‐eight knot complement and the SnapPea census manifold m009.
Potential gene flow from transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L.) to different weedy rice (Oryza sativa f. spontanea) accessions based on reproductive compatibility
Authors: Song Xiaoling , Liu Linli , Wang Zhou , Qiang Sheng 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The possibility of gene flow from transgenic crops to wild relatives may be affected by reproductive capacity between them. The potential gene flow from two transgenic rice lines containing the bar gene to five accessions of weedy rice (WR1–WR5) was determined through examination of reproductive compatibility under controlled pollination.RESULTS: The pollen grain germination of two transgenic rice lines on the stigma of all weedy rice, rice pollen tube growth down the style and entry into the weedy rice ovary were similar to self‐pollination in weedy rice. However, delayed double fertilisation and embryo abortion in crosses between WR2 and Y0003 were observed. Seed sets between transgenic rice lines and weedy rice varied from 8 to 76%. Although repeated pollination increased seed set significantly, the rank of the seed set between the weedy rice accessions and rice lines was not changed. The germination rates of F1 hybrids were similar or greater compared with respective females. All F1 plants expressed glufosinate resistance in the presence of glufosinate selection pressure.CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of gene flow between different weedy rice accessions and transgenic herbicide‐resistant rice may differ owing to different reproductive compatibility. This result suggests that, when wild relatives are selected as experimental materials for assessing the gene flow of transgenic rice, it is necessary to address the compatibility between transgenic rice and wild relatives. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Analysis of the CYP51 gene and encoded protein in propiconazole‐resistant isolates of Mycosphaerella fijiensis
Authors: Cañas‐Gutiérrez Gloria P , Angarita‐Velásquez Mónica J , Restrepo‐Flórez Juan M , Rodríguez Paola , Moreno Claudia X , Arango Rafael 
Published: May 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet causes black sigatoka, the most important disease in bananas and plantains. Disease control is mainly through the application of systemic fungicides, including sterol demethylation inhibitors (DMIs). Their intensive use has favoured the appearance of resistant strains. However, no studies have been published on the possible resistance mechanisms.RESULTS: In this work, the CYP51 gene was isolated and sequenced in 11 M. fijiensis strains that had shown different degrees of in vitro sensitivity to propiconazole, one of the most widely used DMI fungicides. Six mutations that could be related to the loss in sensitivity to this fungicide were found: Y136F, A313G, Y461D, Y463D, Y463H and Y463N. The mutations were analysed using a homology model of the protein that was constructed from the crystallographic structure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Zoff.) Lehmann & Neumann. Additionally, gene expression was determined in 13 M. fijiensis strains through quantitative analysis of products obtained by RT‐PCR.CONCLUSION: Several changes in the sequence of the gene encoding sterol 14α‐demethylase were found that have been described in other fungi as being correlated with resistance to azole fungicides. No correlation was found between gene expression and propiconazole resistance. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Intercomparison of model simulations of mixed‐phase clouds observed during the ARM Mixed‐Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. I: single‐layer cloud
Authors: Klein Stephen A. , McCoy Renata B. , Morrison Hugh , Ackerman Andrew S. , Avramov Alexander , Boer Gijs de , Chen Mingxuan , Cole Jason N. S. , Del Genio Anthony D. , Falk Michael , Foster Michael J. , Fridlind Ann , Golaz Jean‐Christophe , Hashino Tempei , Harrington Jerry Y. , Hoose Corinna , Khairoutdinov Marat F. , Larson Vincent E. , Liu Xiaohong , Luo Yali , McFarquhar Greg M. , Menon Surabi , Neggers Roel A. J. , Park Sungsu , Poellot Michael R. , Schmidt Jerome M. , Sednev Igor , Shipway Ben J. , Shupe Matthew D. , Spangenberg Douglas A. , Sud Yogesh C. , Turner David D. , Veron Dana E. , Salzen Knut von , Walker Gregory K. , Wang Zhien , Wolf Audrey B. , Xie Shaocheng , Xu Kuan‐Man , Yang Fanglin , Zhang Gong 
Published: May 2009

AbstractResults are presented from an intercomparison of single‐column and cloud‐resolving model simulations of a cold‐air outbreak mixed‐phase stratocumulus cloud observed during the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) programme's Mixed‐Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. The observed cloud occurred in a well‐mixed boundary layer with a cloud‐top temperature of − 15 °C. The average liquid water path of around 160 g m−2was about two‐thirds of the adiabatic value and far greater than the average mass of ice which when integrated from the surface to cloud top was around 15 g m−2.Simulations of 17 single‐column models (SCMs) and 9 cloud‐resolving models (CRMs) are compared. While the simulated ice water path is generally consistent with observed values, the median SCM and CRM liquid water path is a factor‐of‐three smaller than observed. Results from a sensitivity study in which models removed ice microphysics suggest that in many models the interaction between liquid and ice‐phase microphysics is responsible for the large model underestimate of liquid water path.Despite this underestimate, the simulated liquid and ice water paths of several models are consistent with observed values. Furthermore, models with more sophisticated microphysics simulate liquid and ice water paths that are in better agreement with the observed values, although considerable scatter exists. Although no single factor guarantees a good simulation, these results emphasize the need for improvement in the model representation of mixed‐phase microphysics. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society
1‐(3‐(4‐Arylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐propyl)‐Pyrrolidin‐2‐one Derivatives as α1‐Adrenoceptor Antagonists: A QSAR Study
Authors: Nowaczyk Alicja , Kulig Katarzyna , Malawska Barbara 
Published: May 2009

AbstractThe activity of various 1‐(3‐(4‐arylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐propyl)‐pyrrolidin‐2‐ones α1‐adrenergic receptors (α1‐ARs) antagonists, was described using the quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) model by applying it to 49 compounds. The molecular descriptors of the α1‐ARs antagonists were obtained by quantum chemical calculations combined with molecular modeling calculations. The obtained model explains more than 88% of the variance and it was successfully validated by four tests (LOO, LMO, external test and Y‐scrambling test). Statistical analysis shows that the α1‐ARs activity of the studied compounds depends mainly on the PCR and Qindex descriptors.
Accurate In Silico log P Predictions: One Can't Embrace the Unembraceable
Authors: Tetko Igor V. , Poda Gennadiy I. , Ostermann Claude , Mannhold Raimund 
Published: May 2009

AbstractPrediction accuracy of in silico methods for physicochemical and ADMET properties of drugs is an actual matter of controversial discussions. With a particular concern on log P prediction methods, we discuss here, how understanding the limitations of methods, their applicability domains and their prediction accuracies, as well as the use of local models can help to establish accurate and meaningful in silico predictions.