bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bias toward the LGBTQIA+ community by Australasian paramedicine students
Authors: Thyer Liz , Lindsay Cheyenne , King Emily , Clarkson Georgia 
Published: May 2024

Background:Paramedics are an essential component of the healthcare system, providing unscheduled out-of-hospital care in a manner that should be unbiased towards all. Yet some members of the LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer/questioning, intersex and asexual) community still experience stigma when accessing healthcare, including paramedicine, which impacts health outcomes.Aims:This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of bias among paramedicine students toward the LGBTQIA+ community.Methods:This prospective cross-sectional quantitative study surveyed undergraduate paramedicine students enrolled in Australasian universities using a validated scale.Findings:The 189 responses indicated mostly positive attitudes toward the LGBTQIA+ community, but 33 showed repulsion or pity. Additionally, students had a generally poor opinion of the LGBTQIA+ content of their degree course.Conclusion:Paramedicine students are mostly positive towards members of the LGBTQIA+ community but their poor opinion of LGBTQIA+ undergraduate education could perpetuate a negative healthcare environment that many LGBTQIA+ patients face. This necessitates future investigation of work on paramedicine LGBTQIA+ curricula.
The 11th: Politics, Polarization, and Partisan Change in a Southern District, 1972–2022
Authors: Cooper Christopher A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
What can be learned from analysis of a single congressional district? This paper uses the experience of North Carolina’s 11th congressional district to understand the political changes that have defined the last half-century in the American South. The story of how this once politically inconsequential southern Appalachian district found itself in the middle of the national political maelstrom is, in many ways, the story of southern politics over the last three decade. Political polarization, strategic gerrymandering, the power of national political tides, the increasing urban/rural divide and the broader partisan transformation of the South that has remade American politics all are reflected in the 11th. In addition to uncovering new wrinkles in the story of southern partisan change, this paper defines and highlights the advantages of place-based Political Science.
The Dardanians and the Origin of the So-Called “Macedonian Phalanx”
Authors: Juhel Pierre O. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Macedonian phalanx, invented by Philip II, is considered to have been a pikeman-phalanx. However, a detailed analysis has shown that the full pikeman-phalanx must have been a later military innovation which was introduced at the beginning of Antigonus Dōsōn’s reign. Before this, the phalanx can only have been one of spearmen, although it is probable that the rear ranks were already armed with pikes. Following a deeper investigation, and taking into consideration forgotten archaeological material from Bosnia-Herzegovina, this article argues that this reform of the Macedonian heavy infantry’s armament occurred as a consequence of Demetrius II’s major military defeat in a pitched battle against the Dardanians in 229 BC.
Construction and validation of a novel redox-related immune signature for prognostic and immunotherapeutic prediction in low-grade glioma
Authors: Zhang Mei , Zhang Xiliu , Zhu Canmin , Huang Tianzhi , Zong Chuanyu , Chen Honglei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a common subtype of brain tumors, and limitations in therapeutic strategies lead to unfavorable survival outcomes. This study was designed to discover a novel biomarker based on LGG-related redox hallmarks.

Methods
Redox-related genes were retrieved from the Molecular Signatures Database. The transcriptional and clinical profiles of LGG patients were achieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA). Differentially expressed and prognostic genes were identified and included in feature selection by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. A multivariate Cox model was executed to develop a novel redox immune signature (RIS) to predict patient prognosis and immunotherapeutic response. Patients were classified into low- or high-RIS groups at the median cutoff. The differences in immune infiltration levels and immune checkpoint expression between the two RIS subgroups were also investigated. The ANXA1 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in LGG tissues.

Results
The RIS was calculated, according to the expression levels of ANXA1, FZD6, PPIC, SLC2A10, VASN, and VEPH1. Patients with higher RIS had significantly worse prognoses than those with lower RIS in both the TCGA and CGGA cohorts. A high RIS was positively associated with immunocyte infiltration, such as CD4+/CD8+T cells, macrophages, and myeloid dendritic cells. Additionally, the high-RIS subgroup had a greater tumor mutation burden and a lower “tumor immune dysfunction and exclusion” score. 56 % (14/25) cases of LGG patients showed high expression of ANXA1 protein.

Conclusions
The RIS is an encouraging biomarker for determining LGG prognosis, immune characteristics, and immunotherapy response.
Producing an antibacterial acrylic polyurethane coating with acylated mimosa tannins
Authors: Nguyen Tuan Anh , Hoang Thu Ha , Do Truc Vy , Nguyen Thien Vuong , Hanh Trinh Thi My , Ha Minh Nguyet , Duong Khanh Linh , Lu Le Trong , Shuib Raa Khimi , Tran Dai Lam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This work aims to fabricate the antibacterial coating with green biocide successfully. For this purpose, mimosa tannins were acylated with lauroyl chloride’s aid and pyridine’s support as a catalyst in the 1,4-dioxane, hexane and xylene solvents. Infrared analysis showed that mimosa tannins synthesized in the 1,4-dioxane were acylated better than in the other two solvents. FE-SEM analysis of the paint film showed that the acylated mimosa tannins at a content of 5 % dispersed quite well in the polymer matrix. The results of analyzing the mechanical properties of the paint film containing acylated mimosa tannins with contents ≤5 % show that the mechanical properties of the paint film are only slightly reduced compared to the mechanical properties of the pure coating, reaching the values: adhesion of size #1; abrasion resistance of 132.8 L/mil; impact strength of 170 kg cm and a relative hardness of 0.78. Antibacterial testing shows that the paint film containing 5 wt% acylated mimosa tannins have good antibacterial activity.
The syntactic variety and semantic unity of the V de resultative construction in Mandarin Chinese
Authors: Li Wenshan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The V de resultative construction has been an intriguing issue in Chinese linguistics. Theories have been put forth regarding what the morpheme de (here called de
result to avoid confusion) does in this construction. In this article, the preexisting theories are empirically questioned. It is shown that the presence of de
result is not obligatory when the result predicate takes some special forms. A procedural account is proposed of how the typical V de
result construction and its variants deliver the same logical form although they involve different functional morphemes. As a bonus, this account provides an improved model explaining the phenomenon that the V de
result construction can have multiple readings.
Aufklärung im Spiegel der slowenischen und deutschen Presse in der Krain im späten 18. Jahrhundert
Authors: Urekar Osvald Anja , Birk Matjaž 
Published: May 2024

SummaryThanks to reforms of the enlightened absolutism the first Slovenian newspaper,Lublanske novice,was published in Ljubljana (Laibach) – besidesLaibacher Zeitung, published in German – in the last decades of the 18th century and was founded by Valentin Vodnik. Both newspapers were the main transfer media for the Vienna Enlightenment, encompassing, among others, the beginnings of Slovenian linguistics and ‘pergodbe’. Their narratives focused on the fragments of secular prose, the ‘Bildung’ and humanitarian postulates and practices. Their representation, containing some cosmopolite accents, was deelitized, embodied into three-dimensional patriotism and, on the same occasion, as for the humanitarian topic, into utopian aspiration in social transgression. The narratives connect Enlightenment with ethnical and religious discourse, showing some ambiguities by interweaving gender stereotypes with the representation of the difference of Slovenian theatre and historiography and demonstrating cultural criticism along with pan-Slavism.
Asymptotic Efficiency of Joint Estimator Relative to Two-Stage Estimator Under Misspecified Likelihoods
Authors: Kim Doosoo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The two-stage estimator is often more tractable when there are nuisance parameters that can be separately estimated and plugged into an objective function. The joint estimator tends to bear the higher computational cost since it estimates all parameters in one stage by optimizing the sum of objective functions used in the two stages. It is well-known that the joint estimator is asymptotically more efficient than the two-stage estimator if the objective function is the true log-likelihood. When the objective function is not the true log-likelihood, I show that the relative asymptotic efficiency of the joint estimator still holds under a finite number of testable moment conditions. The implications of the main result on models based on quasi-limited information likelihoods are discussed.
Solidarity – An aim of education?
Authors: Maier Alexander 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe demand for solidarity is made today by different social actors, e.g., from politics, religion or philosophy. Especially in the context of climate change and its social and ecological consequences, the demand for solidarity plays a major role. It is often referred to as the climate justice crisis. Therefore, solidarity can also be understood as a goal of education for sustainable development (ESD). In this context, ESD, which also sees itself as a concept of transformational education, prefers above all elements of a disruptive pedagogy through which students are to be led to new perspectives - for example, to solidarity with the victims of the consequences of climate change. The article takes up this concern of ESD, but would like to look at the educational goal of solidarity from the perspective of a responsive pedagogy. The starting point for this would not be the goals of ESD in the first place, but the needs of children and young people, as Ehrenhard Skiera has highlighted them in the context of his responsive pedagogy. Against this background, the article asks about the possibilities and preconditions for learning processes based on solidarity.
Exploring degree-seeking international student satisfaction through the example of a Hungarian university
Authors: Szabó Bálint , Paulics Lilla , Kéri Anita 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInternational student satisfaction has become a widely studied topic with the emergence of English-language study programs in higher education institutions (HEIs). Numerous studies arose in connection with understanding what factors influence international student satisfaction, determining service elements as crucial indicators of student satisfaction. There is limited research on understanding international student satisfaction in Hungary, explicitly focusing on degree-seeking mobility. Therefore, the current study analyses international students' satisfaction through the example of a Hungarian university to uncover the factors affecting satisfaction and to determine points for improvement of unsatisfied needs. Based on the questionnaire findings, an importance–satisfaction analysis (ISA) was conducted to depict international students' pain points visually. The focus group discussion and the affinity diagrams revealed that international students need more free-time activities and opportunities to connect outside the university. In addition, usability testing highlighted crucial missing information from the university mentor organisation webpage, while the results of the online questionnaire showed that there is an urgent need to develop university services. Besides determining points for improvement, this study provides insights into utilising a comprehensive, novel methodology in researching degree-seeking mobile students in Hungary.
Impact of Citizen Participation on Solving the Social Problems of Small Regional Towns in Russia
Authors: Ukhanova Yuliya V. , Kopytova Ekaterina D. , Zhestyannikov Sergei G. 
Published: May 2024

The social contradictions of small regional towns in Russia remain a controversial issue. In the official discourse, the proponents of eliminating and consolidating small towns and villages argue their position in terms of the economic efficiency of cost reductions. However, the role and importance of small territories are great as they constitute the country’s spatial, mental, and historical basis. This article aims to identify the potential of citizen participation in resolving social contradictions to ensure the sustainability of small towns.In the first stage of the study, a proprietary methodology was proposed for calculating an integral index that aggregates a set of initial statistical indicators of socio-economic development in small towns (the Vologda Oblast), with their subsequent grouping to assess social contradictions. It was established that of 13 small towns in the region, six belong to the group whose level of socio-economic development is below average, six small towns exhibit a low level, and only one town (Kadnikov) is characterized by a high level of development. The lag in terms of indicators relative to average values is a negative factor in the development of small areas, the preservation of their human potential, and the growth of social contradictions. The second stage of the study involved identifying the features, factors, and limitations of local community participation (population, business entities, and nonprofit organizations) in solving the problems of small towns in the region by means of a quantitative and qualitative methodological strategy (questionnaire survey of the population in the region, N = 1900; focus-group interviews, N = 5). The obtained results will serve as the basis for the development of individual trajectories for the development of small areas through the active involvement of the local community in these processes.
Subjective Well-Being and Participation in Volunteering in Russia
Authors: Mersianova Irina V. , Ivanova Natalya V. , Briukhno Aleksandra S. 
Published: May 2024

An extensive body of research suggests a positive connection between subjective well-being (SWB) and volunteering. However, their relationship is often described in terms of health-related and personal psychological effects, thus raising an issue of elaborating proxies that would focus on the social effects and determinants of such relationship. This study aims to demonstrate a number of direct and indirect links of volunteering and the SWB on the example of Russian citizens. We believe that exploring the connection between SWB and volunteering can expand knowledge about the social component of SWB and its correlates. The hypotheses suggested were tested using binary logistic regression on data from the All-Russian population survey (N = 2,015, urban and rural residents aged 18 and over were interviewed by telephone). The obtained results do not allow us to conclude that volunteering itself significantly increases the level of subjective well-being. Nevertheless, some kind of “external effect” was revealed: respondents are more likely to feel happy if they observe social solidarity, which in turn may be fostered by raising awareness of the beneficial outcomes of volunteerism. This observation directly leads to practical considerations to be taken into account in planning and organizing volunteer engagement. It would require a shift in the promotion of volunteerism, from its direct impact on the lives of individuals to a broader effect of volunteering on the quality of life in the community at large, fostering the feeling of social connectedness, common goals and solidarity. To achieve this, concerted efforts of NGO leaders and social media in this direction will be important.
Unpacking the “Bihariness”—Reflections on “Indian Predator: The Butcher of Delhi”
Authors: Tripathi Anup , Das Moitrayee 
Published: May 2024

Netflix’s true crime documentary “Indian Predator: The Butcher of Delhi” (July 2022) follows the story of serial killer Chandrakant Jha, a Bihari migrant worker in Delhi. The documentary sensationally portrays his spine-chilling crimes, while superficially discussing pressing issues of police brutality and the dysfunctionality of the criminal justice system. The interplay of socio-economic conditions, the indifferent justice system, and its effects on one’s degrading mental health is what we seem to get out of this three-part series through visual and textual analysis. The backdrop of the migrants as a pathological problem vis-à-vis its interaction with the criminal justice system is emphasized by highlighting the “Bihariness” of Chandrakant Jha. The documentary refers to this “Bihariness” albeit tangentially, though fails to discuss the caste and class locations of these prejudices and chauvinism that is directed against the figure of the working-class Bihari migrant. In this paper, we attempt to unpack this popular narrative as a casteist and classist commonsensical social and cultural reproduction to understand the figure of the Bihari migrant as depicted in the documentary. We contend that highlighting the “Bihariness” of migrant workers is a form of othering that mainly plays out through their conspicuous laboring bodies, language, and their association with criminality. In doing so, we also intend to explore the dimensions of mental health and socio-economic and institutional interactions of poor migrant workers in urban areas.
Left atrial stiffness index in the identification of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Shirokov N. E. , Yaroslavskaya E. I. , Kosterin M. D. , Krinochkin D. V. , Gorbatenko E. A. , Enina T. N. , Musikhina N. A. 
Published: May 2024

Aim. To study the diagnostic value of the left atrial stiffness index (LASI) of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) depending assessed by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in the diagnosis on diastolic stress test (DST) results.Material and methods. DST was performed in cases of insufficient criteria for increased left ventricular filling pressure assessed by TTE. One hundred patients were examined (52,0% men, 66,1±5,4 years). Patients with a ratio of early transmitral flow velocity to early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E/e') ratio >15 in DST were included in group I (n=45), patients with E/e' <15 — group II (n=55). The speckle tracking echocardiography was used to assess left atrial reservoir strain (LASr).Results. Significant differences were identified between the groups in sex (40,0% of men in group I and 61,8% in group II, respectively; p=0,044), body mass index (32,9 [29,5;36,0] and 29,6 [27,3;31,8] kg/m2; p=0,001), hypertension stage (2,9±0,3 and 2,5±0,8, p=0,037), the presence of coronary artery disease (88,9 and 67,3%; p=0,016), NYHA heart failure class (2,0±0,4 and 1,5±0,7; p=0,003). TTE re­vealed significant differences in the left atrium volume index (31,9 [28,5;36,0] and 27,8 [24,1;34,6] ml/m2; p=0,039), E/e' ratio (10,9 [9,7;12,5] and 9,3 [7,4;10,8]; p<0,001), LASr (23,5 [19,3;28,3] and 28,9 [25,6;32,2]%, p<0,001) and LASI (0,46 [0,38;0,56] and 0,30 [0,25;0,39]; p<0,001). According to ROC analysis, the largest area under the curve (AUC), optimal sensitivity and specificity in HFpEF diagnosis were observed in LASI (AUC=0,829, p<0,001; 77,8 and 74,5%, respectively). Lower classification quality was shown by the H2FPEF score (AUC=0,701, p=0,001; 66,7 and 69,1%), while the HFA-PEFF score was not significant in the pretest detection of HFpEF (AUC=0,608, p=0,065; 53,3 and 61,8%).Conclusion. LASI with a cut-off point >0,38 has the greatest ability to detect HFpEF among the possible pretest diagnostic methods.
Which scale is best to assess the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with stable coronary artery disease in the Russian population?
Authors: Shakhmatova O. O. , Komarov A. L. , Ergasheva U. P. , Korobkova V. V. , Minushkina L. O. , Brazhnik V. A. , Zateyshchikov D. A. , Yarovaya E. B. , Panchenko E. P. 
Published: May 2024

Aim. To evaluate and compare the prognostic value of various scales on the risk of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) in the Russian population.Material and methods. The study included patients with stable CAD — participants of the REGATTA-1 prospective single-center registry. The number of points was assessed according to the reference score of the 2015 European Society of Cardiology (ESC), PRECISE-DAPT, ABC-HBR and REACH scores, as well as two Russian scores — the REGATTA score and the ORACUL score, originally developed for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Results. A total of 623 patients were included (median age 60 [53, 68] years; men — 78,7%). Over 2,5 [1,1-14,7]-year follow-up, the incidence of major and clinically significant GIBs was 1,9 cases/100 people/year. There were following score with sufficient predictive value: REGATTA — Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC AUC) 0,865, p<0,0001, F1 measure 0,4; ESC 2015 — ROC AUC 0,791, p<0,0001, F1 measure 0,243; PRECISE-DAPT — ROC AUC 0,713, p=0,001, F1 measure 0,397, and ABC HBR — ROC AUC 0,743, p<0,01, F1 measure 0,432. The REGATTA score is characterized by the greatest predictive significance (p<0,05 for all pairwise comparisons). The original ORACUL scale (ROC AUC 0,507, p=0,9, F1 measure 0,150) and the REACH scale (ROC AUC 0,572, p=0,164, F1 0,177) did not significantly predict the GIB risk. The identified patterns maintained when analyzed with binary values "high risk/no high risk" for each of the scales. Modified ORACUL scale for stable coronary artery disease after recalibration using binary analysis was not inferior to the ESC 2015, PRECISE-DAPT and ABC-HBR scales (ROC AUC — 0,645 (p=0,002)).Conclusion. The universal PRECISE-DAPT and ABC-HBR scales can be used to assess the GIB risk of along with the 2015 ESC score in patients with stable coronary artery disease. The Russian REGATTA score has the best predictive ability, but its limitation is the lack of external validation. Modification and recalibration of the ORACUL scale significantly increases its predictive value in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
Heat shock proteins as potential biomarkers of heart failure
Authors: Timofeev Yu. S. , Afaunova A. A. , Metelskaya V. A. , Ivanova A. A. , Dzhioeva O. N. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: May 2024

The number of patients with heart failure (HF) has increased markedly over the past decades and continues to increase. During pathological cardiac remodeling in HF, vicious cycles of cellular stress are triggered. This review is devoted to a group of heat shock proteins (HSPs) stimulated by cellular stress, which make it possible to consider them as potential cardiovascular biomarkers, including for HF. The review presents the features of the most studied low-molecular-weight and high-molecular-weight HSPs, which can complement the range of non-invasive laboratory diagnostics and clinical data required when making a diagnosis. This will also help assessing the prognosis and choosing therapeutic strategy aimed at improving the patient's quality of life and reducing cardiovascular events in HF.The review aim is to analyze publications on biochemical studies of HSPs as diagnostic markers in HF patients.