bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Examination of Management of AI‐Triggered Organisational Threats From Communication Practitioners' Perspective
Authors: Zhao Wenqing , Rachwalski Anna , Berndt‐Goke Maranda , Jin Yan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe growing demand for using AI in day‐to‐day work in the communication industry brings ethical threats to organisations (i.e., misinformation, discrimination and bias, lack of transparency and disclosure, privacy violation and infringement, and copyright infringement). Meanwhile, organisational communication management also faces threats posed by external AI‐driven disinformation. The internal and external threats boost the urgency of strategy development for effective organisational crisis management. This study, based on an online survey of communication professionals in the US (N = 407), provides timely input to organisations on how to manage AI‐related ethical threats from inside and outside by understanding the perspective of communication practitioners. Building upon extant ethical AI challenges and the theoretical framework of the problem of many hands, this study examines communication professionals' attitudes and perceptions toward both AI ethical threats and strategies proposed to manage those threats, and the predictors of their behavioural intentions regarding threat management. We found that communication practitioners have reservations about being fully transparent about AI use to their clients. To effectively address AI ethical threats, organisations need to consider building a culture of active responsibility to prevent responsibility evasion and impunity, enhancing communication practitioners' awareness and knowledge about the pitfalls of technical systems, and improving practitioners' perceived efficacy of strategies for managing AI ethical threats.
Multifaceted Antipathogenic Activity of Two Novel Natural Products, Chermesiterpenoid B and Chermesiterpenoid B Seco Acid Methyl Ester, Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Li Dan‐Dan , Wang Ying , Li Huiyan , Niu Wen‐Xin , Hong Jongki , Jung Jee H. , Lee Joon‐Hee 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that causes both acute and chronic infections due to its virulence factors, biofilm formation and the ability to suppress the host immune system. Quorum sensing (QS) plays a key role in regulating these pathogenic traits and also downregulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ) in host cells. In this study, we isolated two novel natural products from the jellyfish‐derived fungus Penicillium chermesinum, chermesiterpenoid B (Che B) seco acid methyl ester (Che B ester) and Che B. Both compounds act as partial agonists of PPAR‐γ and exhibit anti‐QS activity. Che B ester and Che B were found to inhibit biofilm formation, reduce the production of proteases and decrease the infectivity of P. aeruginosa, all without affecting bacterial growth. In host cells, Che B ester and Che B reduced P. aeruginosa‐induced inflammation by activating PPAR‐γ. This multifaceted function makes these compounds promising candidates for developing new antipathogenic agents against bacterial infections with few side effects.
Fitness and Screen Time at Age 13 Relates to Academic Performance at Age 16
Authors: Kjellenberg Karin , Helgadottír Björg , Ekblom Örjan , Nyberg Gisela 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimInvestigate the longitudinal relationship between physical activity, organised physical activity, fitness, screen time and academic performance among Swedish adolescents.MethodsData from 1139 adolescents at age 13, included vigorous physical activity (accelerometry), fitness (submaximal ergometer test), screen time and organised physical activity participation (self‐reported) and academic performance (math and Swedish grades at ages 13 and 16 from registry). Academic performance at age 16 was categorised as A–D (higher grades or pass) or E, F (fail or at‐risk of failing). Multilevel logistic regression models were used to examine the relationships while adjusting for gender, parental education, parental country of birth and academic performance at age 13.ResultsHigher fitness at age 13 was associated with increased odds of receiving A–D at age 16 (OR: 1.04 per mL, 99% CI 1.00, 1.07, p = 0.003). High screen time during weekdays was associated with reduced odds (OR: 0.40, 99% CI 0.20, 0.81, p = 0.001) compared to low screen time.ConclusionAcademic performance at the end of compulsory school (age 16) was related to fitness and screen time 3 years earlier. These findings create a paradigm for future randomised controlled trials to explore how influencing these factors might affect academic performance.
Neurodevelopment and Growth 2 Years After Probiotic Supplementation in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomised Trial
Authors: Wejryd Erik , Marchini Giovanna , Bang Peter , Jonsson Baldvin , Ådén Ulrika , Abrahamsson Thomas 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo assess neurodevelopment and growth at 2 years corrected age in children born extremely preterm, supplemented with Limosilactobacillus reuteri or placebo.MethodsDesign: Secondary analysis of register data after randomised double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial.Setting: Inclusion at two neonatal intensive care units in Sweden. Local follow‐up per national guidelines.Subjects: 134 infants born at 23–27 weeks' gestation with a birth weight < 1000 g.Intervention: Daily enteral supplementation with placebo or Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (2.5 × 108 colony forming units), from within 72 h after birth to postmenstrual week 35–36.Main outcome measures: Bayley‐III developmental assessment and auxology at 24 ± 3 months corrected age.ResultsFollow‐up data were available for 110 of 117 surviving participants, and 85 children were assessed with Bayley‐III. Mean language score after supplementation with L. reuteri was 90 (95% confidence interval: 85–95) compared to 83 in the placebo group (95% CI: 78–88), p = 0.04. No other significant differences in neurodevelopment or growth were observed.ConclusionSupplementation with L. reuteri in extremely preterm infants was not associated with altered growth nor general neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years while language index was improved. This is interesting given previously reported early improved growth of head circumference.
Antibiotic Use and Risk of Microscopic Colitis in Older Adults: A Nationwide Self‐Controlled Case Series Study
Authors: Szilcz Máté , Wastesson Jonas W. , Bergman David , Johnell Kristina , Ludvigsson Jonas F. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSeveral drugs have been linked to the risk of microscopic colitis (MC), a condition characterised by watery, non‐bloody diarrhoea. Antibiotics can induce similar symptoms, but their connection to MC remains unclear.AimTo investigate the antibiotic‐related risks of MC in adults aged 65 years and older.MethodsThis was a nationwide, self‐controlled case series study including adults aged ≥ 65 years with a new prescription for antibiotics and biopsy‐confirmed, incident MC (Sweden, 2007–17). We identified cases from the nationwide histopathology cohort ESPRESSO individually linked to several registers. Using conditional Poisson regression, we estimated incidence rate ratios (IRR) for four risk periods: on treatment, and 1–14, 15–91, and 92–365 days post‐treatment, compared with the non‐treatment periods in the same individual. We also conducted a negative control outcome analysis to assess whether the association was specific to MC or due to diagnostic workup. E‐values were used to assess robustness to unmeasured confounding.ResultsWe identified 2393 persons with incident biopsy‐confirmed MC (median age at diagnosis 74; 67% women). Compared with the non‐treatment periods, the risk of MC in the age‐adjusted analysis increased with antibiotic treatment (IRR: 1.44 [95% CI: 1.13–1.84], E‐value: 2.24), 1–14 days (IRR: 1.12 [0.83–1.49]), 15–91 days (1.12 [0.97–1.31]) and 92–365 days post‐treatment (1.19 [1.07–1.32]). The negative control outcome analysis showed similar risks of biopsy‐confirmed normal mucosa after antibiotic use.ConclusionThe observed association between antibiotic use and MC may result from detection bias rather than a causal relationship.
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Personality Organization and Suicidal Thoughts: The Mediating Role of Psychache
Authors: Bougar Mojtaba Rahimian , Khodarahimi Siamak , Faraji Zahra , Khavasi Raziye , Moradi Sajede , Hasanvand Banafsheh , Sadeghi Marzieh 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study examined the relationships between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and personality organization with suicidal thoughts through the mediating role of psychache using structural equation modeling (SEM). A total of 200 adult outpatients with mental disorders were included in the descriptive cross‐sectional study using the purposive sampling method based on self‐referral. The data were collected using the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Adverse Childhood Experience International Questionnaire (ACE‐IQ), Inventory of Personality Organization (IPO) and Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain Scale (OMMP). The results indicated that ACEs, personality organization and psychache explained 72.3% of variations in suicidal thoughts. ACEs, personality organization and psychache have significant positive direct associations with suicidal thoughts. ACEs and personality organization have significantly positive indirect connections to suicidal thoughts through the mediating role of psychache. This study has shown a fitted SEM for the direct and indirect relationships of ACEs and personality organization with suicidal thoughts concerning the mediating role of psychache. These results have implications for the development of psychodynamic interventions and community‐based initiatives for individuals dealing with suicidal thoughts.
Investigation of Complementary Feeding Transition Behaviours in Mothers in the Process of Transition to Complementary Feeding: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Bilgiç Fatma Şule 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe transition to complementary feeding directly affects child health. In this period, economic and cultural factors affect the transition to complementary feeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the transition behaviours of mothers with 6‐month‐old babies who were in the process of transition to complementary feeding.MethodThe cross‐sectional study was conducted between February and April 2024. The study sample consisted of 721 mothers with 6‐month‐old babies. The data were obtained through snowball sampling method on the online platform. The study focused on mothers' demographic and Transition to Complementary Feeding Behaviors Scale (TCFBS) results. Data were obtained on an online platform. Difference, correlation and regression analyses were performed.ResultsThe mean age of the mothers included in the study was 27.58 ± 3.87. The TCFBS total score of the mothers included in the study was 92.01 ± 15.18. There was a statistically significant difference between the education and income status of the mothers and the gender of the baby and TCFBS total score (p < 0.05). According to the regression analysis, it is possible to explain approximately 46.4% of the variable of transition behaviour to complementary feeding in dependent mothers with the gender of the baby and the educational status of the mother.ConclusionComplementary feeding transition behaviour of mothers in the process of transition to complementary feeding was found to be positive. It was found that the complementary feeding behaviour of the mothers was affected by the gender of the baby and education, and the transition to complementary feeding behaviours of mothers with female babies and university graduates were positive. It can be said that mothers need care and counselling from midwives and nurses in this period.
‘Talk to Us, Not About Us’: Children's Understandings and Experiences of Participation in Australian Family Law
Authors: Dimopoulos Georgina , Hew Eliza , Vosz Meaghan , Walsh Helen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA hive of recent policy and legislative activity in Australian family law has emphasized the importance of children's right to participate in decision‐making following parental separation. Yet a powerful tension persists between supporting children's right to participation and protecting children from parental conflict. While children have called for ‘a bigger voice, more of the time’ in family law decision‐making processes, research is yet to examine what ‘participation’ means, looks like and feels like, for children in this context. This article presents the findings of interviews with 41 children, aged 10 to 19, about their experiences of participation in decision‐making about their lives after their parents' separation. It explores children's understandings of participation as a concept and the value they ascribe to their right to express their views and be heard. It also highlights supportive factors shaping, and barriers impeding, the fulfilment of this right in Australian family law. The article suggests how an understanding of the notion of participation that is informed by the views, needs and experiences of children themselves can shape Australian family law, policy and practice.
Examining the Impact of Microglia on Ischemic Stroke With an Emphasis on the Metabolism of Immune Cells
Authors: Lv Jing , Jiao Yang , Zhao Xinya , Kong Xin , Chen Yanwei , Li Lu , Chen Xuyang , Tao Xufeng , Dong Deshi 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundIschemic stroke, a major cause of disability and the second leading cause of death, poses a significant public health challenge. Post‐stroke inflammation can harm the blood–brain barrier and worsen neurological deficits, which are key factors in neuronal damage in patients with ischemic stroke. Microglia are crucial in the central nervous system, involved in inflammation, neuronal damage, and repair after cerebral ischemia. While cellular immune metabolism has been widely studied, its role in ischamic stroke remains unclear.AimThis review aims to examine how inflammation affects the phenotypic characteristics of immune cells after ischemic stroke and to explore the effects of the immune metabolic microenvironment on the phenotypic profiles and functions of microglia in ischemic stroke.MethodThe review refers to the available literature in PubMed, searching for critical terms related to Ischemic stroke, neuroinflammation, microglia, and immunometabolism.ResultIn this review, we found that during stroke progression, microglia can dynamically switch between pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory phenotypes. Microglial glycometabolism includes oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis, and lipid metabolism involves lipid synthesis and breakdown. Modulating the production of inflammatory mediator precursors can induce an anti‐inflammatory phenotype in microglia.ConclusionThus, studying microglial metabolic pathways and their products may offer new insights for ischemic stroke treatment.
Hybrid Telemedicine and In‐Person Care for Kidney Transplant Follow‐Up: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Esayed Suad , Kim Ellie , Sung Hannah C. , Al‐Seraji Abdula , Adeyemo Simeon , Troutt Hayden , Tantisattamoa Ekamol , Ferrey Antoney , Reddy Uttam G. , Malik Fatima T. , Redfield Robert R. , Ichii Hirohito , Muzaale Abimereki D. , Malhotra Divyanshu , Al Ammary Fawaz 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundKidney transplant recipients are immunocompromised and require lifelong follow‐up. Recipients face geographic, socioeconomic, and logistical challenges when seeking follow‐up that can be alleviated using telemedicine. We aimed to understand patient experiences and preferences regarding telemedicine video visits and highlight insights to advance adopting hybrid telemedicine/in‐person transplant care.MethodsWe conducted qualitative in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews with kidney transplant recipients between November 18, 2022, and January 11, 2023. Participants had follow‐up at ≥12 months post‐transplant via telemedicine at a tertiary transplant center. Study enrollment continued until data saturation was reached (n = 20 participants) when no new information emerged from additional interviews. Transcripts were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsParticipants median age was 58 years (IQR, 52–72), and 50% were female, 45% were White, 30% were Black, 15% were Asian, 10% were Hispanic/Other persons, and 30% were out‐of‐state residents. We identified the following seven themes: (1) reducing travel time, (2) minimizing financial burden (decreasing travel‐related expenses and lost wages), (3) engaging patients within their comfort space, (4) establishing rapport with patients, (5) limitations of the virtual physical exam, (6) enhancing access to transplant providers (maximizing adherence to follow‐up), and (7) lowering risk of communicable diseases.ConclusionsIntegrating telemedicine with in‐person visits enhances post‐transplant follow‐up care. A hybrid model should leverage the strengths of both modalities, ensuring patient access to care and being patient‐centered and flexible. Efforts are needed to advance technological tools in physical examination and human connection, and assess patient outcomes. Policymakers and healthcare systems need to incentivize the adoption and expansion of telemedicine in transplant care.
Pain in adults with cerebral palsy: A systematic review
Authors: Ryan Jennifer M. , Burke Jessica , Byrne Rachel , Capellari Emily , Harvey Adrienne , O'Connell Neil E. , Omichinski Donna , Rodby‐Bousquet Elisabet , Peterson Mark ,   The Adult CP Clinical Practice Guideline Working Group
Published: February 2025

AbstractAimTo describe the prevalence and incidence of pain, identify prognostic factors for pain, determine psychometric properties of tools to assess pain, and evaluate effectiveness of interventions for reducing pain among adults with cerebral palsy (CP).MethodSix databases were searched to identify studies published since 1990 in any language that met eligibility criteria defined for each objective. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by two independent reviewers.ResultsSixty‐three studies were identified; 47 reporting prevalence, 28 reporting prognostic factors, four reporting psychometric properties, five evaluating intervention effectiveness. Pain prevalence ranged from 24% to 89%. Prevalence was higher among adults with CP than in adults without it. Communication function, sex, and age were prognostic factors for pain prevalence. Numerical, verbal, and pictorial rating scales were valid for assessing pain intensity in adults with CP. Pharmacological and surgical interventions had no effect on pain. An active lifestyle and sports intervention reduced pain in adults with CP compared with usual care.InterpretationMany adults with CP experience pain, although prevalence estimates vary considerably. The quality of evidence for prognostic factors and interventions is very low to low. There is a lack of evidence about effective pain management among adults with CP.
Chronic optogenetic stimulation of dentate gyrus granule cells in mouse organotypic slice cultures synaptically drives mossy cell degeneration
Authors: Koretz Carolin Christina , Schneider Rebecca , Jungenitz Tassilo , Drakew Alexander , Roeper Jochen , Deller Thomas 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveDegeneration of hilar mossy cells in the dentate gyrus is an important hallmark of hippocampal sclerosis and is often observed in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. To understand the pathogenesis of hippocampal sclerosis and develop novel neuroprotective treatments, it is critical to determine the mechanistic processes of mossy cell degeneration and factors that influence cell vulnerability or resilience. However, suitable in vitro approaches are currently lacking. We have developed and validated an organotypic slice culture‐based in vitro model that facilitates mechanistic studies of activity‐dependent mossy cell vulnerability and resilience.MethodsA model was developed using entorhino‐hippocampal slice cultures. Dentate gyrus granule cells were transduced with adeno‐associated viruses to express channelrhodopsin2. Transduced cultures were chronically stimulated by light, and resulting cell damage was assessed by propidium iodide staining. Spontaneous synaptic activity before and after optical stimulation was recorded using whole‐cell patch‐clamp.ResultsSelective and dose‐dependent hilar neuron degeneration was observed following chronic optogenetic stimulation of organotypic slice cultures expressing channelrhodopsin‐2 in granule cells. Treatment with the anticonvulsant retigabine reduced stimulation‐induced hilar neuron loss in a dose‐dependent manner. This demonstrates the suitability of our optogenetic in vitro model for drug screening. Patch‐clamp recordings verified strong synaptic activation of mossy cells during optical stimulation and a reduction in spontaneous excitatory synaptic activity after stimulation.SignificanceThe role of mossy cells in the context of epileptic seizures has been a controversial topic of discussion. The presented in vitro model allows the study of mossy cell vulnerability on a single‐cell level and provides the first evidence for changes in synaptic activity after stimulation. This model will facilitate our mechanistic understanding of temporal lobe epilepsy, providing a foundation for novel therapeutic interventions aimed at preserving mossy cell function in epilepsy patients.
Work‐from‐home arrangements and work–family conflict during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Jung Nahri , Kim Minseop , Zhou Ying 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveThe current study examined how work‐from‐home arrangements during the pandemic have influenced work–family conflict experienced by parents.BackgroundDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, many countries implemented full or partial lockdowns in which people were required or advised to work from home. These arrangements have considerably blurred the boundary between the domains of work and family and raise questions about how work‐from‐home arrangements during the pandemic have influenced work–family conflict experienced by parents.MethodIn 2021, this study collected survey data from a sample of working parents with young children in Hong Kong (N = 278). Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the association between working from home and the two forms of work–family conflict (i.e., work‐to‐family conflict and family‐to‐work conflict).ResultsThe results of structural equation modeling found that working from home was associated with lower levels of work‐to‐family conflict, and such effects were observed for both mothers and fathers. However, working from home was found to have a nonsignificant association with family‐to‐work conflict. Instead, family‐to‐work conflict was affected by the spouse's work‐from‐home status, as higher levels of family‐to‐work conflict were detected when spouses were unable to use work‐from‐home arrangements.ConclusionThis study indicates that working from home served as a family‐friendly work option during the pandemic, despite the sudden and involuntary circumstances of its adoption.ImplicationsThe adoption of work‐from‐home arrangements during the pandemic led to a reduction in work–family conflict, and these positive effects of working from home hold significant policy implications for the post‐pandemic era.