bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hounsfield unit for assessing bone mineral density distribution within lumbar vertebrae and its clinical values
Authors: Chen Jiabao , Li Yanhong , Zheng Han , Li Haotian , Wang Haidong , Ma Lei 
Published: June 2024

Study DesignRetrospective radiological analysis.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to evaluate the distribution of bone mineral density (BMD) in lumbar vertebrae using the Hounsfield unit (HU) measurement method and investigate the clinical implications of HU values for assessing lumbar vertebrae BMD.MethodTwo hundred and ninety-six patients were retrospectively reviewed and divided into six groups according to age: Group 1(20–29 years old), Group 2 (30–39 years old), Group 3 (40–49 years old), Group 4 (50–59 years old), Group 5 (60–69 years old), Group 6 (70–79 years old). Six different locations from each vertebra of L1-L5 were selected as regions of interest: the anterior, middle and posterior parts of the upper and lower slices of the vertebrae. HU values were measured for the six regions of interest, followed by statistical analysis.ResultsThe HU values of vertebrae showed a decreasing trend from young patients to elderly patients in Group 1 to Group 5. There was no significant difference in HU values among different vertebrae in the same age group. In all age groups, the HU values of the anterior and posterior part of the vertebral body were significantly different from L1 to L3, with the anterior part of the vertebral body having lower HU values than the posterior part. The HU values of the anterior and posterior part of the vertebral body of L4 and L5 were statistically significant only in Group 5 and Group 6, and the HU values of the anterior part of the vertebral body were lower than those of the posterior part. The HU values of posterior part of L4 and L5 in Group6 were higher than those in Group5.ConclusionBone mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae is not uniformly distributed, potentially attributed to varying stress stimuli. The assessment of local HU values in the lumbar spine is of significant importance for surgical treatment.
Corticosteroid-depending effects on peripheral immune cell subsets vary according to disease modifying strategies in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Höpner Lena , Proschmann Undine , Inojosa Hernan , Ziemssen Tjalf , Akgün Katja 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe primary treatment for acute relapses in multiple sclerosis (MS) is the intravenous administration of high-dose methylprednisolone (IVMP). However, the mechanisms through which corticosteroid treatment impacts acute neuroinflammation in people with MS (pwMS) remain not fully understood. In particular, the changes induced by glucocorticoids (GCs) on cells of the innate immune system and the differences between patients with distinct immunotherapies have received little attention to date.MethodsWe conducted immunophenotyping using flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pwMS who received IVMP treatment during a relapse. We compared the impact of an IVMP treatment on a broad variety of immune cell subsets within three groups: twelve patients who were treatment-naïve to disease modifying therapies (wDMT) to ten patients on platform therapies (PT) and eighteen patients on fingolimod therapy (FTY).ResultsWe observed pronounced interindividual short- and intermediate-term effects of IVMP on distinct immune cells subsets. In addition to the well-documented decrease in T-helper cells (Th cells), we detected significant alterations after the first IVMP infusion within the innate immune response among neutrophil, eosinophil and basophil granulocytes, monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). When comparing patients wDMT to the PT and FTY cohorts, we found that IVMP had a similar impact on innate immune cells across all treatment groups. However, we did not observe a significant further decline in T lymphocyte counts during IVMP in patients with pre-existing lymphopenia under FTY treatment. Although T cell apoptosis is considered the main mechanism of action of GCs, patients with FTY still reported symptom improvement following IVMP treatment.ConclusionIn addition to T cell suppression, our data suggests that further immunoregulatory mechanisms of GC, particularly on cells of the innate immune response, are of greater significance than previously understood. Due to the regulation of the adaptive immune cells by DMTs, the impact of GC on these cells varies depending on the underlying DMT. Additional studies involving larger cohorts and cerebrospinal fluid samples are necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the immune response to GC in pwMS with different DMTs during relapse to define and explain differences in clinical response profiles.
Multiparametric MRI-based radiomics approach with deep transfer learning for preoperative prediction of Ki-67 status in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Lin Naier , Shi Yiqian , Ye Min , Wang Luxi , Sha Yan 
Published: June 2024

PurposeBased on comparison of different machine learning (ML) models, we developed the model that integrates traditional hand-crafted (HC) features and ResNet50 network-based deep transfer learning (DTL) features from multiparametric MRI to predict Ki-67 status in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SNSCC).MethodsTwo hundred thirty-one SNSCC patients were retrospectively reviewed [training cohort (n = 185), test cohort (n = 46)]. Pathological grade, clinical, and MRI characteristics were analyzed to choose the independent predictor. HC and DTL radiomics features were extracted from fat-saturated T2-weighted imaging, contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient map. Then, HC and DTL features were fused to formulate the deep learning-based radiomics (DLR) features. After feature selection and radiomics signature (RS) building, we compared the predictive ability of RS-HC, RS-DTL, and RS-DLR.ResultsNo independent predictors were found based on pathological, clinical, and MRI characteristics. After feature selection, 42 HC and 10 DTL radiomics features were retained. The support vector machine (SVM), LightGBM, and ExtraTrees (ET) were the best classifier for RS-HC, RS-DTL, and RS-DLR. In the training cohort, the predictive ability of RS-DLR was significantly better than those of RS-DTL and RS-HC (p&lt; 0.050); in the test set, the area under curve (AUC) of RS-DLR (AUC = 0.817) was also the highest, but there was no significant difference of the performance between DLR-RS and HC-RS.ConclusionsBoth the HC and DLR model showed favorable predictive efficacy for Ki-67 expression in patients with SNSCC. Especially, the RS-DLR model represented an opportunity to advance the prediction ability.
No advantage of antimicrobial prophylaxis in AML/MDS/CMML patients treated with azacitidine—a prospective multicenter study by the Polish Adult Leukemia Group
Authors: Mądry Krzysztof , Lis Karol , Sienkiewicz Elzbieta , Drozd-Sokołowska Joanna , Biecek Przemysław , Sośnia Oktawia , Gołos Aleksandra , Olszewska-Szopa Magdalena , Obara Agata , Walkowiak Zuzanna , Ściesińska Joanna , Subocz Edyta , Butrym Aleksandra , Machowicz Rafał , Budziszewska Katarzyna , Basak Grzegorz 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionInfections represent one of the most frequent causes of death of higher-risk MDS patients, as reported previously also by our group. Azacitidine Infection Risk Model (AIR), based on red blood cell (RBC) transfusion dependency, neutropenia &lt;0.8 × 109/L, platelet count &lt;50 × 109/L, albumin &lt;35g/L, and ECOG performance status ≥2 has been proposed based on the retrospective data to estimate the risk of infection in azacitidine treated patients.MethodsThe prospective non-intervention study aimed to identify factors predisposing to infection, validate the AIR score, and assess the impact of antimicrobial prophylaxis on the outcome of azacitidine-treated MDS/AML and CMML patients.ResultsWe collected data on 307 patients, 57.6 % males, treated with azacitidine: AML (37.8%), MDS (55.0%), and CMML (7.1%). The median age at azacitidine treatment commencement was 71 (range, 18-95) years. 200 (65%) patients were assigned to higher risk AIR group. Antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral prophylaxis was used in 66.0%, 29.3%, and 25.7% of patients, respectively. In total, 169 infectious episodes (IE) were recorded in 118 (38.4%) patients within the first three azacitidine cycles. In a multivariate analysis ECOG status, RBC transfusion dependency, IPSS-R score, and CRP concentration were statistically significant for infection development (p &lt; 0.05). The occurrence of infection within the first three azacitidine cycles was significantly higher in the higher risk AIR group – 47.0% than in lower risk 22.4% (odds ratio (OR) 3.06; 95% CI 1.82-5.30, p &lt; 0.05). Administration of antimicrobial prophylaxis did not have a significant impact on all-infection occurrence in multivariate analysis: antibacterial prophylaxis (OR 0.93; 0.41-2.05, p = 0.87), antifungal OR 1.24 (0.54-2.85) (p = 0.59), antiviral OR 1.24 (0.53-2.82) (p = 0.60).DiscussionThe AIR Model effectively discriminates infection-risk patients during azacitidine treatment. Antimicrobial prophylaxis does not decrease the infection rate.
Utilizing the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire to measure symptoms of depression among Vietnamese adolescents in Hanoi, Vietnam, during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Vinh Ngo Anh , Long Nguyen Thanh , Trang Do Thi , Trang Le Thu , Thuy Le Thi Thanh 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to measure depression among children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic in Hanoi, Vietnam and its associated factors by using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ) instrument.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among students from grades 6 to 9 within two secondary schools in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. A structured questionnaire was used, including information about personal characteristics, perception of COVID-19, and SMFQ. Factor analysis, Multivariate logistic and Tobit regression models were used.ResultsAmong 2378 students, 8.8% had depressive symptoms. The mean SMFQ score was 4.5 (SD=5.0). Being female, studying in higher grades, perceived low household income, higher perceived impacts of COVID-19 on health and higher perceived impacts of COVID-19-related quarantine on life were positively associated with factors’ scores, SMFQ score and depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, having better academic performance, living with parents and having higher perceived knowledge about COVID-19 were negatively associated with factors scores, SMFQ score and depressive symptoms.ConclusionsDepressive symptoms were common among secondary school students in Hanoi, Vietnam, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Tailored interventions to improve pandemic-related knowledge and family and school support should be warranted for the students to enhance their mental well-being.
Procyanidin B1 and Coumaric Acid from Highland Barley Alleviated High-Fat-Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia by Regulating PPARα-Mediated Hepatic Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in Diabetic C57BL/6J Mice
Authors: Liu Zehua , Liu Jianshen , Tang Ruoxin , Zhang Zhaowan , Tian Shuangqi 
Published: June 2024

A whole-grain highland barley (WHB) diet has been recognized to exhibit the potential for alleviating hyperlipidemia, which is mainly characterized by lipids accumulation in the serum and liver. Previously, procyanidin B1 (PB) and coumaric acid (CA) from WHB were found to alleviate serum lipid accumulation in impaired glucose tolerance mice, while the effect on modulating the hepatic lipid metabolism remains unknown. In this study, the results showed the supplementation of PB and CA activated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) and the target genes of cholesterol 7-α hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase I (Cpt1) in the liver cells of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice, resulting in decreases in the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) contents, and an increase in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) content. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA indicated that supplementation with PB and CA ameliorated the gut microbiota dysbiosis, which was associated with a reduction in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and an increase in the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio, and Akkermansia. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that these genera were closely related to obesity-related indices. In summary, the activation of PPARα expression by PB and CA from WHB was important for the alleviation of hyperlipidemia and the structural adjustment of the gut microbiota.
Exploring Novel Soliton Solutions to the Time-Fractional Coupled Drinfel’d–Sokolov–Wilson Equation in Industrial Engineering Using Two Efficient Techniques
Authors: Hossain Md Nur , Miah M. Mamun , Alosaimi Moataz , Alsharif Faisal , Kanan Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

The time-fractional coupled Drinfel’d–Sokolov–Wilson (DSW) equation is pivotal in soliton theory, especially for water wave mechanics. Its precise description of soliton phenomena in dispersive water waves makes it widely applicable in fluid dynamics and related fields like tsunami prediction, mathematical physics, and plasma physics. In this study, we present novel soliton solutions for the DSW equation, which significantly enhance the accuracy of describing soliton phenomena. To achieve these results, we employed two distinct methods to derive the solutions: the Sardar subequation method, which works with one variable, and the Ω′Ω, 1Ω method which utilizes two variables. These approaches supply significant improvements in efficiency, accuracy, and the ability to explore a broader spectrum of soliton solutions compared to traditional computational methods. By using these techniques, we construct a wide range of wave structures, including rational, trigonometric, and hyperbolic functions. Rigorous validation with Mathematica software 13.1 ensures precision, while dynamic visual representations illustrate soliton solutions with diverse patterns such as dark solitons, multiple dark solitons, singular solitons, multiple singular solitons, kink solitons, bright solitons, and bell-shaped patterns. These findings highlight the effectiveness of these methods in discovering new soliton solutions and supplying deeper insights into the DSW model’s behavior. The novel soliton solutions obtained in this study significantly enhance our understanding of the DSW equation’s underlying dynamics and offer potential applications across various scientific fields.
Legal pluralism as co-presence
Authors: Araújo Sara 
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to offer a contribution for the debate on how to decolonize sociolegal thinking by discussing possibilities of decolonizing legal pluralism. Avoiding the endless debate about what is law, and focused on the need to disobey modern epistemological hierarchies, I use a cartographic metaphor – law as map - to argue that legal centralism is not only a fiction, but a Eurocentric instrument that limits political imagination. Law, in its plurality, is an indicator of the world’s possibilities. Legal pluralism must be more than a marginal field, but a core instrument to expand legal and political possibilities. After addressing the role of modern law as an instrument that legitimizes capitalism, I claim that we need to move ahead from modern dichotomies that fail to decolonize science. Finally, using notes from fieldwork in East-Timor and Mozambique, I reflect as a feminist woman on how to learn from unfamiliar legal maps.
Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Lansia Melalui Peningkatan Pemahaman Intervensi Pencegahan Depresi
Authors: Wulansari  , Fiktina Vifri Ismiriyam  , Mukhamad Mustain  
Published: June 2024

Understanding of depression prevention intervention is one of the efforts that can be done as an effort to prevent depression. Understanding Depression prevention interventions can be applied to the elderly. By understanding depression prevention interventions, the elderly able to make their own efforts to prevent depression. There, the elderly a group that is very vulnerable to experiencing depression. To be able to implement the intervention well, understanding is needed from education, knowledge and training on the intervention. The ultimate goal of understanding interventions to prevent depression in the elderly is to prevent depression so as to achieve a good quality of life. Actions are carried out through stages from counseling to training by paying attention to the stages of knowledge and skills transfer The results of this activity from a total of 64 elderly participants, at the end of the session or evaluation stage the level of knowledge was found to be sufficient knowledge at 17 (26.6%) and good at 47 (73.4%). At the level of quality of life in the value range 3-4. Where 3 was 30 (46.9%), and 4 was 34 (53.1%). Conclusion, this activity was successfully carried out and its objectives were achieved. Suggestions that can be made for activities with the elderly are to involve younger families or close family members. This is related to the elderly's cognitive abilities which can decline and also the family as a support system.

ABSTRAK
Pemahaman Intervensi pencegahan depresi merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan sebagai Upaya untuk mencegah terjadinya depresi. Pemahaman Intervensi pencegahan depresi dapat diterapkan pada lansia. Dengan pemahaman intervensi pencegahan depresi para lansia mampu melakukan Upaya mendiri dalam mencegah depresi. Yang mana, Lansia merupakan satu kelompok yang sangat rentan mengalami depresi. Untuk dapat diterapkan intervensi dengan baik diperlukan pemahaman yang didapatkan dari edukasi pengetahuan hingga pelatihan dari intervensi intervensi tersebut. Tujuan akhir dari dengan pemahaman intervesi pecegahan depresi pada lansia adalah dapat dicegahnya depresi sehingga tercapainya kualitas hidup yang baik. Tindakan yang dilakukan melalui tahapan dari penyuluhan hingga pelatihan dengan memperhatikan tahapan transfer pengetahuan dan keterampilan Hasil dari kegiatan ini dari total peserta yaitu 64 lansia, pada akhir sesi atau tahap evaluasi tingkat pengetahuan didapatkan menjadi pengetahuan cukup sebesar 17 (26,6%) dan baik 47 (73,4%). Pada tingkat kualitas hidup pada rentang nilai 3-4. Dimana 3 sebanyak 30 (46,9%), dan nilai 4 sebanyak 34 (53,1%). Sehingga kesimpulannya, kegiatan ini berhasil terlaksana dan tercapai tujuannya. Saran yang dapat dilakukan untuk kegiatan dengan lansia adalah melibatkan keluarga yang usianya lebih muda atau keluarga terdekat. Hal ini terkait kemampuan kognitif lansia yang dapat turun dan juga keluarga sebagai support system.
Efektivitas Pijat Batuk Pilek dengan Lama Penyembuhan ISPA pada Balita
Authors: Amelia Hilda Rizky , Jeniawaty Sherly , Khasanah Uswatun , Sukesi  
Published: June 2024

Batuk pilek rentan terjadi pada anak balita, apabila tidak segera ditangani dengan baik dapat berakibat pada terjadinya komplikasi yang memperberat kondisi anak. Pada tahun 2023 sampai bulan Oktober terjadi peningkatan kasus ISPA di Kecamatan Sepulu dari tahun sebelumnya yaitu sebanyak 30%. Pijat batuk pilek salah satu solusi mengatasi masalah penyakit batuk pilek dengan memperlancar peredaran darah dan meningkatan daya imunitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui efektivitas pijat batuk pilek terhadap lama penyembuhan ISPA pada Balita. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode Quasi-Experimental. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua balita yang mengalami ISPA pada bulan Februari-April 2024 yang ada sebanyak 65 orang. Sampel diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling sejumlah 30 responden. Untuk menganalisis adanya perbedaan digunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test dengan taraf nyata 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lama penyembuhan batuk sebelum mendapatkan perlakuan pijat sebagian besar responden adalah normal (73,3%). Sedangkan lama penyembuhan batuk setelah mendapatkan perlakuan pijat sebagian besar responden adalah cepat (70%). Dari hasil analisis menggunakan Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test hasil uji p value didapatkan p value = 0,000 maka H1 diterima yang artinya Pijat batuk pilek lebih efektiv terhadap lama penyembuhan ISPA pada balita. Disimpulkan bahwa pijat batuk pilek sangat efektiv dalam penyembuhan batuk pilek pada balita. Sehingga disarankan kepada ibu yang memiliki balita dan sedang mengalami batuk pilek untuk bisa melakukan piat batuk pilek pada anak.
The Importance of Ammonia Removal Process in Aquaculture Systems — Towards Improving Malaysian Aquaculture Production
Authors: Mohamed Ramli Norulhuda , R. de Cruz Clement , Roy Prapti Dipika 
Published: June 2024

Due to natural resource limitations, fish production must sustainably increase. Rather than adding more areas and water to increase fish production, increased intensity of production per area is a more appropriate method. To increase production intensity, one of the main priorities that has become a continuous challenge during farming operations is maintaining good water quality, the first defence mechanism to secure fish growth and health in aquaculture systems. Other inventions related to fish husbandry, feed technology, and health, such as vaccines and probiotics development, are tested and implemented in the production systems, further emphasising the importance of water quality. Water quality determines system carrying capacity, further determining the maximum production a system can achieve. Ammonia is one of the most harmful wastes that must be managed in an aquaculture system. The capability of managing ammonia could increase systems’ carrying capacity tremendously, especially in super-intensive systems. This article discusses available methods of ammonia removal applied in biofloc technology, recirculating aquaculture system (RAS), aquaponic system and green water technology. The critical water quality parameters to be monitored for each method are briefly reviewed. In methods like these, biological processes for ammonia removal are pivotal. Therefore, adopting the appropriate engineering approach to support the biological processes is essential to improving ammonia removal performance.
On the Pair-instability Supernova Origin of J1010+2358*
Authors: Skúladóttir Ása , Koutsouridou Ioanna , Vanni Irene , Amarsi Anish M. , Lucchesi Romain , Salvadori Stefania , Aguado David S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The first (Population III) stars formed only out of H and He and were likely more massive than present-day stars. Massive Population III stars in the range 140–260 M
⊙ are predicted to end their lives as pair-instability supernovae (PISNe), enriching the environment with a unique abundance pattern, with high ratios of odd to even elements. Recently, the most promising candidate for a pure descendant of a zero-metallicity massive PISN (260 M
⊙) was discovered by the LAMOST survey, the star J1010+2358. However, key elements to verify the high PISN contribution, C and Al, were missing from the analysis. To rectify this, we obtained and analyzed a high-resolution Very Large Telescope/UVES spectrum, correcting for 3D and/or non-local thermodynamic equilibrium effects. Our measurements of both C and Al give much higher values (∼1 dex) than expected from a 260 M
⊙ PISN. Furthermore, we find significant discrepancies with the previous analysis and therefore a much less pronounced odd–even pattern. Our results show that J1010+2358 cannot be a pure descendant of a 260 M
⊙ PISN. Instead, we find that the best-fit model consists of a 13 M
⊙ Population II core-collapse supernova combined with a Population III supernova. Alternative, less favored solutions (

χ

2

/

χ

best

2

≈
2.3

) include a 50% contribution from a 260 M
⊙ PISN or a 40% contribution from a Population III Type Ia supernova. Ultimately, J1010+2358 is certainly a unique star giving insights into the earliest chemical enrichment; however, this star is not a pure PISN descendant.