bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of gaps between precepts and practices in prevention of injuries and prehospital care among injury cases admitted to MSRMC Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Authors: Uthkarsh P S 
Published: March 2011

Objectives(1) To identify the gaps between the precepts and practices of preventive measures and prehospital care among the injury cases admitted to M S Ramaiah (MSR) Hospital. Bangalore, India. (2) To find out expenditure incurred during hospital stay.Study SettingMSR Hospital, Bangalore, India.Study PopulationAll injury cases admitted to MSR Hospital during the study period.Study DesignCross Sectional.Study Period6 months to October 2008 to April 2009.MethodologyData with respect to the socio demographic characters, preventive measures followed, prehospital care provided and the expenditure from the time of admission till discharge collected using pretested questionnaire by interviewing injury cases admitted to MSR Hospital during the study period.ResultsMean age of injured-35.3 years (SD=15.38). Among injuries 69.1% were road traffic accidents (RTA), 28.7% were falls and 2.2% were burns. Influence of alcohol was found in 14.4% of injuries. Among RTA Cases 48.5% had not followed sign board and 56.5% had not obeyed the one way rules, Nearly 73.6% of RTA cases were two wheeler users; 63.5% did not use helmet, 38% had two pillion riders. Whereas 57% of four wheeler users had not used seat belt. Among falls 58% occurred at home, 49% due to slippery surface. Only 26.4% had received first aid; 39% were aware of emergency number. Auto (66.1%) was the common mode of transportation to hospital from the site of injury. Nearly 33.9% had visited more than one hospital before reaching MSR Hospital. Median expenditure (in rupees) of hospital stay was 40 000.
Exposure to the educational system as a protective factor for injuries
Authors: Ungaro J F , Barassi J B , Galindez M I , De Hoyos G H 
Published: March 2011

IntroductionThe exposure to the educational system of youth from 16 to 22 years, residents in Neuquen, Argentina, is analysed as a protective factor for the occurrence of injuries.MethodThis is a descriptive study based on interviews carried out to 480 young participants, 240 of whom were in school and 240 of whom were not. Participants were questioned regarding their sociodescriptive characteristics, health habits use of safety devices, alcohol consumption-, opinions, peer and family relationships and previous ambulatory care or hospital admission/s for an injury. Factorial analysis of multiple correspondences and hierarchy classification were performed for each dimension, thus obtaining five typological variables. The relationship among the variables obtained was analysed by means of the value test obtained by a hypergeometric distribution and χ2test.ResultsYouth in the school system showed in a larger proportion habits, opinions and relationships that could be considered protective factors: helmet and seat belt use, a responsible attitude towards alcohol use, a positive opinion of self-care and a larger capacity for interpersonal communication. The relationship of these characteristics to a previous ambulatory care or hospital admission/s for an injury was, in all cases, statistically significant (p<0.01).ConclusionParticipation of young people in the educational system could favour activities and identification with peers that propitiate their emotional support and the development of healthy life projects. On the other side, those not in the school system seems to focus in risky recreational activities like weekend binge drinking.
Pre-hospital management in terrorist MCI's in Punjab, Pakistan-Year 2009
Authors: Waseem H , Razzak J A , Naseer R , Mehmood A 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundPakistan has seen a huge surge in terrorist attacks in the last two years which has led to extensive loss of life and property. Major disaster events have resulted due to terrorism and at such times rescue missions and evacuation becomes a challenge especially in a developing country.ObjectiveThe purpose was to formally evaluate and document the role that the government based EMS known as Rescue 1122 is playing in terrorist attacks.MethodsData was collected retrospectively from the EMS sources. Twenty incidents had occurred in Punjab in the year 2009 and all of these were included. The response time, number of vehicles and personnel used, the number of total casualties evacuated and where they were evacuated were studied. Interagency liaison was also studied.LimitationsMissing data was found in one city regarding resources and patients transported. It is presented as such.ResultsIt was noted that 19 out of 20 were in urban areas and consequently had short response time. Almost 50% were large MCI's. The average time of first responders was 5 min and the time of complete evacuation was 4 h. Other agencies involved most often were Military, Police and then Fire services. A volunteer ambulance service was also identified. The casualties were evacuated to predesignated hospitals but evacuation seems to be dependant more on geographical proximity then the capacity of hospitals. This will be further discussed in recommendations.
Community-based study of risk and protective factors of elder abuse and neglect in Nigeria
Authors: Abdulraheem I S 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundThere is a dearth of literature on elderly abuse and neglect in Nigeria. Improving our understanding of the risk and protective factors for elder abuse and neglect will help predict situations where abuse or neglect is likely to occur. It will also increase our understanding of factors that build resilience or ameliorate situations that may otherwise result in abuse or neglect.ObjectiveThe objectives of this study were to ascertain the factors that may increase the risk of abuse or neglect and protective factors that may prevent abuse or neglect from occurring or recurring.MethodologyQualitative sampling methods were used to collect data about elder abuse and neglect from members of various ethnic groups in selected Nigerian communities, some of whom had experienced elder abuse. Methods of data collection were face-to-face, focus group and telephone interviews. Interview guides were developed after consultation and reviewing of the literature.ResultMultiple factors like poverty, increase cost of living, moral decadence, degeneration of cultural norms and values, intergenerational transfer of wealth, urbanisation and modernisation are contributory factors. Free social services are protective.ConclusionIt is being recommended that there is need for Nigerian government to initiate the establishment of legal policies and structures that ensure the protection of the rights of all citizens while being especially sensitive to the rights of the older persons and other vulnerable sections of the community.
Evaluation of a youth unsafe driving video: a comparison of two communities
Authors: Stewart T Charyk , Harrington J , Tanner D A , Polgar D , Girotti M J 
Published: March 2011

ObjectivesTo evaluate and compare the effectiveness of an injury prevention video (iDrive2) designed to raise awareness of youth about the risks and consequences of aggressive, unsafe driving in two Canadian communities, with different injury experiences.MethodsThe video with accompanying presentation was delivered to two high schools in different communities. A survey was designed and distributed to students to evaluate program effectiveness. Program components were scored on Likert-scales, with open-ended questions included. Ç2and t tests were used to compare groups.ResultsThere was a total of 651 completed surveys (462 (71%) Brantford; 189 (29%) London)). While <1/3 of each school responded that this was new information, the majority of students (91% Brantford; 83% London; p<0.001) found the program effective in raising awareness of unsafe driving, rating it 5 (London) and 6 (Brantford) out of 7 (p<0.001). The Brantford students were more likely to find the video effective to educate on driving distraction, speeding, drugs and buckling up (p<0.001). More Brantford students reported to better understand risks and learnt strategies (87% vs 69%; 87% vs 70%; p<0.001) and nearly all (97% vs 88%) would recommend the video.ConclusionWhile the majority of students found this program effective in raising awareness of unsafe driving (distractions, drugs, speeding, no seatbelt use), the results from Brantford group were more favourable. This high school had a fatal crash involving students in the months preceding the program. The context of this experience created a learning opportunity when students are more receptive, thereby maximising program effectiveness.
Managing injury risks for children with disabilities and chronic health conditions: parent perspectives
Authors: Olsen L , Brussoni M , Miller A , Odonnell M 
Published: March 2011

IntroductionResearch indicates a higher risk of injury for children with certain types of disabilities and chronic health conditions. Parents play a large role in mitigating childhood injury risks, yet there has been little research examining how injury risks related to children's disabilities or chronic conditions are perceived and managed by parents.PurposeTo investigate the injury prevention attitudes and practices of parents who have a child with a disability or chronic health condition.MethodQualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents of children 1–5 years in British Columbia, Canada. Questions addressed parents' safety concerns, use of prevention strategies, impact of children's health challenges on safety efforts, and factors supporting or undermining parents' efforts. Grounded theory methods guided data analysis.ResultsParents of children with a range of disabilities and chronic conditions were interviewed. Some reported concerns and safety strategies specific to certain conditions. For example, concerns related to running away were expressed by parents of children with autism. Other concerns and strategies were uniform across health issues, for example, making arrangements for safe childcare appropriate to children's special needs. Both active supervision and environmental modifications were highlighted as important strategies for injury prevention.ConclusionThese results provide new information regarding injury prevention concerns, experiences and needs of families who have children with disabilities and chronic conditions. Parents' perspectives are invaluable for enhancing practitioner awareness about injury prevention issues and are important to consider in the design of child injury prevention programs.
Conflicting trends in fall injury rates: implications for injury prevention
Authors: Watson W L , Mitchell R 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundDespite considerable advances in falls prevention research and practice, the rate of falls-related hospitalisations continues to increase. Yet, there is some evidence that hip fracture rates, a major cause of fall-related morbidity, are declining. An examination of trends in types of injuries that contribute to the overall fall injury rate is required to understand these conflicting trends.AimTo examine the trends in fall-related hospital admissions by injury type in New South Wales (NSW), Australia.MethodA retrospective review of fall-related injury hospitalisations in NSW among individuals aged 65+ years, by injury type, was conducted from 1 July 1998 to 30 June 2009. Incident cases were identified using the referral source field and direct age standardised admission rates were calculated. Negative binomial regression was used to examine the statistical significance of changes in the trend over time of hospitalised fall-related injuries by injury type.ResultsThe overall fall-related hospitalisation rate increased by 1.7% each year (p<0.0001; 95%CI 1.3 to 2.1). However, the fracture rate declined by −0.4% (p<0.03; 95%CI −0.8 to 0) and the rate of non-fractures increased by 6.1% (p<0.0001; 95%CI 5.5 to 6.7) each year. In particular, severe head injuries, rib(s) and pelvic fracture rates are increasing while hip and forearm fracture rates are declining.ConclusionIt appears that, while falls prevention efforts in NSW are not yet affecting hospitalised falls injury rates, efforts in relation to bone health may be having an effect in preventing fractures. It is likely that the increase in severe head injuries is due to improvements in diagnosis.
The influence of limitation in activity of daily living and physical health on elderly suicidal ideation: results from survey of Kangbuk district, Korea
Authors: Cho J , Hong J , Lim D 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundStudying suicidal ideation (SI) has methodological advantages over examining completed suicide and may provide useful insight into suicidal behaviour. SI is not only strongly associated with mental disorder (particularly depression), but also disability. The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between elderly SI and disability in greater details.MethodsThe data were collected from 13 Jul to 19 Jul 2009 through the survey to 513 elderly persons over 65 years old who have lived in Kangbuk district, Korea. Nineteen questions were asked to assess SI, a set of questions identified activity of daily living (ADL) limitation, and usual physical health. A set of questions identified ADL limitation was scored. The more limit a daily living, the higher ADL limitation score.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in the ADL limitation score and usual physical health according to SI. In suicidal group, ADL limitation score average, 28.06 was higher than in none suicidal group by 3.96 (t=–4.49, p<0.0001). ADL limitation core increased with the age, and female's ADL limitation score, 25.71 was higher than male by 4.79 (t=10.02, p≤0.0001).ConclusionsDisability is an important independent correlate of suicidal ideation, particularly in older people. Preventive programs need to be considered for disabled older people.
IGR of safety policy in Korea
Authors: Kang C 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundPartnership for safety across sectors is suggested as one of the principles of safe community. IGR (intergovernmental relationships) is very important to improve safety equality among regions and people within a country. However, safety policy in the centralised country is different from that of decentralised country due to the context. Korea is in transit to the decentralised system so that recent experience in IGR for safety policy has implication. || Safety policy in Korea (1) Development of safety policy in Korea Policy target was not injury prevention but disaster control. However, Lee administration established ministry of public administration and security so that safety policy was expanded. In 2009, Korean type of safe community project was launched by national government. By contrast, WHO safe community project has been accomplished by local governments by themselves. (2) IGR of Safety Policy Based on the theoretical perspective, three forms of IGR can be described such as disentangled, federal-local unilateral or collaborative. Despite of fiscal decentralisation since 2007, national government is able to coerce local into delivering a special type of service, which is referred to federal-unilateralism. Korean type of safe community project has been implemented through Special Local Tax Share allocation to nine local government. |||. Context Matters both bureaucratic driven and guideline of national government are prevalence in the safety policy process in Korea. IGR of safety policy in Korea reflects the context, short-term local autonomy and experience of development by government, which can be positive to improve the safety equality.
Road safety control during long holidays in Ubonratchathani province, Thailand
Authors: Saipan S , Boonpaisarn B , Moongmai V , Maliwan N , Saipan P , Suwaratchai P 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundRoad Traffic Accident (RTA) causes serious injuries and fatalities among passengers during long holidays such as New Year and Songkran festival. The incidence occurred 2–3 times compare to normal period. The risks of RTA are alcohol drinking driver, high speed drivers and not using safety equipments. Ubon Ratchathani province covers 1.8 million populations. Our province had set up Ubon Road safety committee to reduce RTA during this periods. The activities was prevention, control accident, medical care with collaborations from several sectors.MethodUbon Road Safety Committee and Centre during each periods for 7 days. The activities are as follows: (1) Preparing period: - Public relations: safety laws, alcohol control policy. (2). Operating period: - Checking point working 24 h to inspect the against law drivers. - Promote safety vehicle. -VIDEO Conference all province and Day by day evaluation. (3) Evaluating period: 2007–2009.ResultsRTA occurred 98, 69, 106 cases with severe injury 7, 12, 9 cases during 2 festival in the periods compared to accident in normal day around the year 994, 872, 812 cases in the year 2007–2009. The most common causes are from motorcycle, occurred in alcoholic drunken drivers 41.03%, higher speed drivers 28.21%.ConclusionsTo set up Road Safety Committee and Centre during long holidays and activities such as public relations, Law enforcement, alcohol control policy setup checking points, day by day evaluation and improved process, and need collaboration from several sectors to control and reduced severity of RTA.
Compensation of victims of interpersonal violence in Hessen/Germany
Authors: Blttner B , Grundel A 
Published: March 2011

A research project on the German Victim Compensation Act (OEG). In cooperation with the Hesse Maintenance Council and Fulda County (October 2009 to September 2010). Since March 2007, there is an European agreement on the compensation of victims of interpersonal violence. Despite this agreement the national Victim Compensation Acts differ in extend of and criteria for compensation. The OEG was put in place to support victims that suffer from health impairment caused by interpersonal violence. Up to this day the minority of victims in Germany apply for compensation (169 of 572 in Fulda county 2008). Processing these applications cost more than 266.000 Euro. On average 2/3 of the applications are rejected. The long-term expenses for healthcare of the injured individual are unknown in Germany to this day. Aim of the project is to describe the various cases of interpersonal violence represented within the applications and compare them to the local crime statistics. The main reasons for rejection and the role of medical documentation regarding an efficient application process will be examined. Another aim is to look for possibilities to finance violence prevention through the OEG in order to decrease long-term expenses and find feasible solutions to streamline financial support on the base of the OEG for victims of domestic violence.MethodsElicitation of all completed application files from Fulda County in 2008, focus group discussions and expert interviews on the issue, in-depth case analysis.
Exploring the association of falls with the sense of coherence and functional capacity indices among community dwelling older people of rural Greece
Authors: Birmpili E , Panagopoulou P , Koula A , Kapota A , Petridou E , Fachantidou A 
Published: March 2011

IntroductionOlder people in Greece enjoy the lowest incidence and mortality due to falls possibly due to genetic/environmental factors; it has not been adequately explored, however, whether a stronger sense of coherence (SOC) may be associated with better health outcomes.ObjectiveTo examine the association of SOC with fall incidence among older people and present the process of the study design and implementation.Materials and MethodsThe initiative was undertaken by a doctoral student of Aristotle University in consultation with CEREPRI. Alternative methodological designs ensuring study quality and high participation as contrasted to the limited financial and scientific resources available were evaluated. An Internet search was undertaken to compile a list of instruments for a local population-tailored study. Selected tools were pilot-tested, if already validated and the minimum sample size was calculated.Results300 individuals aged ≤65 years, enrolled in the community-based state organisations for older people and residing in 10 villages are planned to consent for a structured questionnaire through face-to-face interview addressing demographics, health status and recent history of falls as well as the SOC-29 scale, the Berg Balance Scale/Test and the Activities Specific Balance Confidence Scale. Barriers and facilitating factors of conducting research in adverse conditions of remote rural communities were also identified.ConclusionsGiven the population ageing, it is imperative to focus research on factors potentially affecting functionality and well-being among older people; sharing experience in research designs and implementation when exploring the interrelation of SOC and falls may proven essential in preventing falls and improve health outcomes.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) of children & young adults on road traffic injuries in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Mahfoozpour S , Soori H , Ainy E , Iranfar M , Amiri Z , Hadadi M , Heidar F 
Published: March 2011

BackgroundRoad traffic injuries have dramatically increased in previous decade in Iran. According to the literature, rate of road traffic injuries among children & young adults is high. The first step for an accurate planning is situational analysis of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) in road traffic injuries.ObjectiveDetermining the KAP of road traffic injuries among children (9-14 years)& young adults (15–30 years) in Tehran-Iran.Material and methodsA descriptive study was performed among 304 Tehrani children(9–14) and 327 young adults(15–30) years from primary schools to university students who were selected by a proportionate randomised population based sampling method, in 2008. Data was collected by a structured validated & reliable (r = 0.8) questionnaire, after a completed consent from the subjects.ResultsMean SD of age in children and young adults were 11.7, 1.6 and 20.74.3, respectively. Overall 50.7% were boys. Among girls (9–14 years), practice scores were higher than boys (p < 0.001), and among boys (15–30 years) attitude and practice scores were higher than girls (p < 0.02). Among high school students, attitude score was higher than primary schools' students (p < 0.043). Among scholarships, attitude and practice scores were higher than the others (p < 0.001). Knowledge & practice scores were higher in primary school pupil liaisons than middle school pupil liaisons (p < 0.003).ConclusionThese findings revealed the essential need for a comprehensive educational plan on traffic injuries, to enhance knowledge, change attitudes & improvement of practice.