bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Influence ABCG2 Expression in EGFR‐Positive MDCK BCRP Cells via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: Pick Anne , Wiese Michael 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMultidrug resistance observed in cancer chemotherapy is commonly attributed to overexpression of efflux transporter proteins. These proteins act as ATP‐dependent drug efflux pumps, actively extruding chemotherapeutic agents from cells and causing a decrease in intracellular drug accumulation. Besides the well‐recognized role of P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp, ABCB1), the breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) is becoming increasingly accepted as playing an important role in multidrug resistance. In contrast to P‐glycoprotein, only a few inhibitors of ABCG2 are known. According to the literature, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can be considered to be broad‐spectrum inhibitors, interacting with ABCB1, ABCC1 and ABCG2. Here, we investigated seven different TKIs, gefitinib, erlotinib, AG1478, PD158780, PD153035, nilotinib and imatinib, for their potential to restore ABCG2 sensitivity to cells. Furthermore, we analyzed the alteration of ABCG2 expression caused by TKIs and demonstrated that EGFR inhibitors such as gefitinib and PD158780 reduced both total and surface expression of ABCG2 in EGRF‐positive MDCK BCRP cells by interaction with the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. The reduced ABCG2 content led to an increased effect of XR9577, a well‐known ABCG2 modulator, lowering the concentration required for half maximal inhibition. On the other hand, BCR‐ABL inhibitors had no influence on ABCG2 expression and modulator activity. Interestingly, a combination of an EGFR inhibitor with the PI3K/Akt inhibitor LY294002 led to a significant reduction of ABCG2 expression at low concentrations of the drugs. Based on our results, we assume that EGFR exerts a post‐transcriptional enhancing effect on ABCG2 expression via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, which can be attenuated by EGFR inhibitors. Blocking the key signaling pathway regulating ABCG2 expression with EGFR inhibitors, combined with the inhibition of ABCG2 with potent modulators might be a promising approach to circumvent MDR in cancer cells.
Stereocontrolled Oxidation of Six‐Membered Cyclic O‐Silyl Nitroso Acetals with mCPBA: Umpolung Approach to Functionalized Nitro Compounds
Authors: Naumova Anastasia S. , Mikhaylov Andrey A. , Struchkova Marina I. , Khomutova Yulia A. , Tartakovsky Vladimir A. , Ioffe Sema L. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEasily available, six‐membered cyclic nitroso acetals 2 are smoothly oxidized with meta‐chloroperbenzoic acid to δ‐nitro alcohols 3 or γ‐nitro carbonyl compounds 4 with the retention of their relative configurations of stereocenters (diastereomeric ratio > 10:1). The reaction sequence – the generation of diastereomerically pure six‐membered cyclic nitronates 1 from simple aliphatic nitro compounds (AN), C–C coupling of 1 with π‐nucleophiles, and the oxidation of the resulting nitroso acetals 2 – is considered to be a new effective variant of the umpolung reactivity of AN. An original approach for the synthesis of alternative diastereomers of nitro derivatives 3 has also been suggested.
Auditory stroop and absolute pitch: An fMRI study
Authors: Schulze Katrin , Mueller Karsten , Koelsch Stefan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractTo date, the underlying cognitive and neural mechanisms of absolute pitch (AP) have remained elusive. In the present fMRI study, we investigated verbal and tonal perception and working memory in musicians with and without absolute pitch. Stimuli were sine wave tones and syllables (names of the scale tones) presented simultaneously. Participants listened to sequences of five stimuli, and then rehearsed internally either the syllables or the tones. Finally participants indicated whether a test stimulus had been presented during the sequence. For an auditory stroop task, half of the tonal sequences were congruent (frequencies of tones corresponded to syllables which were the names of the scale tones) and half were incongruent (frequencies of tones did not correspond to syllables). Results indicate that first, verbal and tonal perception overlap strongly in the left superior temporal gyrus/sulcus (STG/STS) in AP musicians only. Second, AP is associated with the categorical perception of tones. Third, the left STG/STS is activated in AP musicians only for the detection of verbal‐tonal incongruencies in the auditory stroop task. Finally, verbal labelling of tones in AP musicians seems to be automatic. Overall, a unique feature of AP appears to be the similarity between verbal and tonal perception. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interoceptive awareness enhances neural activity during empathy
Authors: Ernst Jutta , Northoff Georg , Böker Heinz , Seifritz Erich , Grimm Simone 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEmpathy is a multicomponent function that includes sensorimotor, affective, and cognitive components. Although especially the affective component may implicate interoception and interoceptive awareness, the impact of interoception on empathy has never been evaluated behaviorally or neurophysiologically. Here, we tested how a preceding period of interoceptive awareness impacts and modulates neural activity during subsequent empathy. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and measured the sequential interaction between interoception and empathy using fMRI in 18 healthy subjects. We found that the preceding interoceptive awareness period significantly enhanced neural activity during empathy in bilateral anterior insula and various cortical midline regions. The enhancement of neural activity during empathy in both interoceptive and empathy networks by preceding interoceptive awareness suggests a close relationship between interoception and empathy; thereby, interoception seems to be implicated to yielding empathy. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SOCIETAL LIMITATIONS OF VOCATIONAL CHOICE, PARTICULARLY FOR THE EX‐PUBLIC OFFENDER
Authors: Sullivan Dorothy R. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTIn the past, society has restricted the vocational opportunity of some of its members. This restriction has affected the individual's self‐concepts and his mode of adaptation. The ex‐public offender, due to societal limitations of vocational choice, may anticipate some difficulty in obtaining and licensing. Other problems, which handicap the person with a criminal record, are denoted and discussed.
Perioperative dental injury at a tertiary care health system: An eight‐year audit of 816,690 anesthetics
Authors: Vallejo Manuel C. , Best Michael W. , Phelps Amy L. , O'Donnell John M. , Sah Neera , Kidwell Richard P. , Williams John P. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAmong all complications of airway management, dental injury is the most common cause of patient complaints with medicolegal consequences. Over an 8‐year period, data on dental injury were collected within a large university hospital system that included community, tertiary, and quaternary care centers. Patient characteristics were compared among all patients receiving anesthesia care using billing data collected from the same period. Of the 816,690 patients who received anesthesia care, there were 360 dental injuries, giving an overall incidence of 1:2,269 (0.044%). Patients receiving general anesthesia were at an increased risk for dental injuries, with an incidence of 1:1,754 (0.057%) compared with patients receiving monitored anesthesia care in whom the incidence was 1:12,500 (0.008%). Patients in the age group 18 to 65 years had a higher incidence of dental injuries of 1:1,818 (0.055%) compared with pediatric patients, who had an incidence of 1:7,692 (0.013%). Emergency procedures were not associated with an increased risk of dental injury in the 816,690 cases. However, of the 360 patients who sustained a dental injury, emergency procedures were associated with a higher incidence of injuring multiple teeth.
Neuromyelitis Optica Immunoglobulin G present in sera from neuromyelitis optica patients affects aquaporin‐4 expression and water permeability of the astrocyte plasma membrane
Authors: Melamud Luciana , Fernández Juan M. , Rivarola Valeria , Di Giusto Gisela , Ford Paula , Villa Andrés , Capurro Claudia 
Published: February 2012

AbstractNMO‐IgG autoantibody selectively binds to aquaporin‐4 (AQP4), the most abundant water channel in the central nervous system and is now considered a useful serum biomarker of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). A series of clinical and pathological observations suggests that NMO‐IgG may play a central role in NMO physiopathology. The current study evaluated, in well‐differentiated astrocytes cultures, the consequences of NMO‐IgG binding on the expression pattern of AQP4 and on plasma membrane water permeability. To avoid or to facilitate AQP4 down‐regulation, cells were exposed to inactivated sera in two different situations (1 hr at 4°C or 12 hr at 37°C). AQP4 expression was detected by immunofluorescence studies using a polyclonal anti‐AQP4 or a human anti‐IgG antibody, and the water permeability coefficient was evaluated by a videomicroscopy technique. Our results showed that, at low temperatures, cell exposure to either control or NMO‐IgG sera does not affect either AQP4 expression or plasma membrane water permeability, indicating that the simple binding of NMO‐IgG does not affect the water channel's activity. However, at 37°C, long‐term exposure to NMO‐IgG induced a loss of human IgG signal from the plasma membrane along with M1‐AQP4 isoform removal and a significant reduction of water permeability. These results suggest that binding of NMO‐IgG to cell membranes expressing AQP4 is a specific mechanism that may account for at least part of the pathogenic process. © 2012 Wiley Priodicals, Inc.
Cross‐linking of serine racemase dimer by reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species
Authors: Wang Wei , Barger Steven W. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSerine racemase (SR) is the only identified enzyme in mammals responsible for isomerization of L‐serine to D‐serine, a coagonist at N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the forebrain. Our previous data showed that an apparent SR dimer resistant to sodium dodecyl sulfate and β‐mercaptoethanol was elevated in microglial cells after proinflammatory activation. Because the activation of microglia is typically associated with an oxidative burst, oxidative cross‐linking between SR subunits was speculated. In this study, an siRNA technique was employed to confirm the identity of this SR dimer band. The oxidative species potentially responsible for the cross‐linking was investigated with recombinant SR protein. The data indicate that nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and hydroxyl radical were the likely candidates, whereas superoxide and hydrogen peroxide per se failed to contribute. Furthermore, the mechanism of formation of SR dimer by peroxynitrite oxidation was studied by mass spectrometry. A disulfide bond between Cys6 and Cys113 was identified in 3‐morpholinosydnonimine hydrochloride (SIN‐1)‐treated SR monomer and dimer. Activity assays indicated that SIN‐1 treatment decreased SR activity, confirming our previous conclusion that noncovalent dimer is the most active form of SR. These findings suggest a compensatory feedback in which the consequences of neuroinflammation might dampen D‐serine production to limit excitotoxic stimulation of NMDA receptors. © 2012 Wiley Priodicals, Inc.
Financial incentives, professional values and performance: A study of pay‐for‐performance in a professional organization
Authors: Young Gary J. , Beckman Howard , Baker Errol 
Published: February 2012

SummaryWe investigated the effect of financial incentives on performance in a professional organization. Whereas agency theory treats tangible rewards such as money as a potentially powerful motivator for improving performance, the professional control perspective posits that the motivational effects of financial incentives will depend on the intended recipients attitudes toward the incentives relative to their professional values. The study setting was a large network of physician practices that adopted a financial incentive program to improve physician performance in the management of diabetic patients. Consistent with agency theory, performance did improve following the introduction of the incentive. However, consistent with the professional control perspective, physicians' psychologically based attitudes toward the incentive program regarding its impact on their own work autonomy and the importance of the performance goals moderated the effect of the incentive on performance. Study findings indicate that agency theory and professional control are complementary theoretical perspectives for understanding how professionals will respond to the imposition of performance‐related financial incentives. In terms of practice, pay‐for‐performance programs aimed at professional organizations should be designed to take into account the values and goals of an organization's professionals to maximize the effect of financial incentives on performance. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Solution structures of the double‐stranded RNA‐binding domains from rna helicase A
Authors: Nagata Takashi , Tsuda Kengo , Kobayashi Naohiro , Shirouzu Mikako , Kigawa Takanori , Güntert Peter , Yokoyama Shigeyuki , Muto Yutaka 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRNA helicase A (RHA) is a highly conserved protein with multifaceted functions in the gene expression of cellular and viral mRNAs. RHA recognizes highly structured nucleotides and catalytically rearranges the various interactions between RNA, DNA, and protein molecules to provide a platform for the ribonucleoprotein complex. We present the first solution structures of the double‐stranded RNA‐binding domains (dsRBDs), dsRBD1 and dsRBD2, from mouse RHA. We discuss the binding mode of the dsRBDs of RHA, in comparison with the known dsRBD structures in their complexes. Our structural data provide important information for the elucidation of the molecular reassembly mediated by RHA. Proteins 2012;. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anticoagulant resistance in the United Kingdom and a new guideline for the management of resistant infestations of Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus Berk.)
Authors: Buckle Alan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAnticoagulant resistance was first discovered in UK Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus Berk.) in 1958 and has been present ever since. The possible detrimental impact of resistance on effective rodent control was quickly recognised, and, for almost three decades, extensive research was conducted on the geographical distribution and severity of anticoagulant resistance in UK rats. Various schemes for the eradication of resistant rats were also implemented. At first, surveys showed resistance only to the first‐generation anticoagulants, such as warfarin, chlorophacinone and coumatetralyl, but, later, resistance to the more potent second‐generation anticoagulants, such as difenacoum and bromadiolone, was also discovered. Unlike some European countries, where only one or two resistance mutations occur, virtually all known rat resistance mutations occur in the United Kingdom, and five (Leu128Gln, Tyr139Ser, Tyr139Cys, Tyr139Phe and Leu120Gln) are known to have significant impacts on anticoagulant efficacy. Little is currently known of the geographical extent of anticoagulant resistance among Norway rats in the United Kingdom because no comprehensive survey has been conducted recently. At an operational level, anticoagulants generally retain their utility for Norway rat control, but it is impossible to control resistant rats in some areas because of restrictions on the use of the more potent resistance‐breaking compounds. This paper reviews the development of resistance in Norway rats in the United Kingdom, outlines the present situation for resistance management and introduces a new resistance management guideline from the UK Rodenticide Resistance Action Group. © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Bait aggregation to reduce cost and toxin use in aerial 1080 baiting of small mammal pests in New Zealand
Authors: Nugent Graham , Warburton Bruce , Thomson Caroline , Cross Martin L , Coleman Morgan C 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The metabolic toxin sodium fluoroacetate (‘compound 1080’) is widely used for controlling introduced mammalian pests in New Zealand. For large‐scale operations, 1080 is distributed aerially in bait to kill brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula Kerr) and ship rats (Rattus rattus L.). While usually successful in reducing pest populations by > 80%, widespread distribution of toxic bait is relatively expensive and raises concerns from some members of the public. Here, trials with spatial aggregation of baits in forested habitats were conducted to determine whether this can reduce toxin usage while maintaining operational efficacy.RESULTS: When 1080 baits were aggregated into clusters (by hand sowing) or into strips (by precision aerial deployment), indices of possum relative abundance were reduced by 92–100%, compared with 73–100% reductions using conventional aerial broadcasting, while all methods reduced relative abundance indices of rats by 88% or greater. Radio tracking indicated a kill rate of > 90% against possums, regardless of bait distribution method.CONCLUSIONS: Simply by modifying bait distribution patterns, spatial aggregation can be used to maintain the high encounter rate of pests with 1080 bait that is necessary for operational efficacy, while reducing current toxin usage by up to 80%. Aggregated bait delivery could have relevance for other mammalian pest control scenarios internationally. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Using extended‐duration audio recordings to survey avian species
Authors: Tegeler Amy K. , Morrison Michael L. , Szewczak Joseph M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPoint‐count surveys are widely used to infer avian presence and estimate species richness. Advancements in bioacoustic technology enable automated surveys that can supplement human‐based point‐count surveys with expanded temporal and spatial coverage. We surveyed birds in 13 Sierra Nevada and Cascade Range (CA, USA) montane meadows from May to August 2006 using 8 point‐count surveys and automated audio recorders (ARU) to compare species richness between the 2 methods and evaluate the use of ARUs as a monitoring tool. We analyzed species richness using 30 minutes of ARU data per point and 2 point‐count surveys. Automated audio‐recorder data revealed 14 species per meadow (56 species total) while point counts detected 16 species per meadow (67 species total). Automated audio recorders provided >1,100 additional hours of data with personnel effort similar to 2 point‐count surveys. An asymptote in species richness was reached for every meadow using ARU data and 8 of 13 meadows using 2 point‐count surveys. We detected 81 species during all 8 point‐count surveys. We used SonoBird (DNDesign, Arcata, CA) software to search for 24 species detected by point‐count surveys but not in the manually sampled subset of audio files. We detected 22 additional species, bringing the total audio‐file species detections to 85, 4 more than detected by 8 point‐count surveys. We conclude that audio recordings and analysis provide an alternative to avian point‐count surveys or as a supplement to increase their accuracy, particularly over larger temporal and spatial scales, or for species with low detectability. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Spot‐mapping underestimates song‐territory size and use of mature forest by breeding golden‐winged warblers in Minnesota, USA
Authors: Streby Henry M. , Loegering John P. , Andersen David E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractStudies of songbird breeding habitat often compare habitat characteristics of used and unused areas. Although there is usually meticulous effort to precisely and consistently measure habitat characteristics, accuracy of methods for estimating which areas are used versus which are unused by birds remains generally untested. To examine accuracy of spot‐mapping to identify singing territories of golden‐winged warblers (Vermivora chrysoptera), which are considered an early successional forest specialists, we used spot‐mapping and radiotelemetry to record song perches and delineate song territories for breeding male golden‐winged warblers in northwestern Minnesota, USA. We also used radiotelemetry to record locations (song and nonsong perches) of a subsample (n = 12) of males throughout the day to delineate home ranges. We found that telemetry‐based estimates of song territories were 3 times larger and included more mature forest than those estimated from spot‐mapping. In addition, home ranges estimated using radiotelemetry included more mature forest than spot‐mapping‐ and telemetry‐based song territories, with 75% of afternoon perches located in mature forest. Our results suggest that mature forest comprises a larger component of golden‐winged warbler song territories and home ranges than is indicated based on spot‐mapping in Minnesota. Because it appears that standard observational methods can underestimate territory size and misidentify cover‐type associations for golden‐winged warblers, we caution that management and conservation plans may be misinformed, and that similar studies are needed for golden‐winged warblers across their range and for other songbird species. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Synthesis and Structure of NCN‐Chelated Organobismuth(III) Bis‐Pentasulfide
Authors: Dostál Libor , Jambor Roman , Erben Milan , Růžička Aleš 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOrganobismuth(III) sulfide (1) containing the NCN pincer type chelating ligand L {L = [2, 6‐(CH2NMe2)2C6H3]–} reacts with one molar equivalent of elemental sulfur to give the unprecedented cyclic bis‐pentasulfide LBi(μ‐S5)2BiL (2) with the central twelve‐membered ring Bi2S10. Compound 2 was obtained as stable orange crystals and was characterized by the help of elemental analysis, X‐ray diffraction technique, IR, and Raman spectroscopy.