bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial neural network for performance modelling of shape memory alloy
Authors: Sivaraos  , Phanden Rakesh Kumar , Lee K. Y. Sara , Abdullah E. J. , Kumaran K. , Al-Obaidi A. S. M. , Devarajan R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, significant strides in technological advancement have revolutionized our lifestyles, driving a surge in demand for multifunctional and intelligent materials. Among these materials, Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) stands out for its unique ability to memorize and revert to its original shape through phase transformation. Despite its remarkable properties, SMAs exhibit a minor limitation in accurately retaining their original shape or length. Furthermore, there is a notable dearth of information regarding the modelling of SMA behaviour with high precision. This study endeavors to address these challenges by integrating experimental data with neural network modelling to comprehensively examine SMA behaviour for mechanical applications. Leveraging an experimental dataset, this research employs feedforward backpropagation neural network (BPNN) modelling to forecast the strain recovery of SMA Nitinol alloy. The model aims to predict the recovery strain of SMA by utilizing three input parameters: temperature conditional, number of coils, and initial length. Remarkably, the achieved error rates of 0.29%, 0.80%, and 9.20% for various strain measurements significantly undercut the commonly accepted error threshold of 10% for nonlinear data predictions in SMA behaviour. The final results underscore the high prediction accuracy of the Artificial Neural Network (ANN), offering promising prospects for SMA applications involving temperature-strain interactions and enhancing engineering design.
Single-use versus reusable ureterorenoscoop: afwegingen voor keuze in de dagelijkse praktijk met het oog op uitkomsten, kosten en duurzaamheid
Authors: Zhu Xiaoye , Altobelli Emanuela , Kamphuis Guido M. 
Published: February 2025

Samenvatting
Onderzoeken tonen geen verschil in uitkomsten en complicaties bij de vergelijking van single-use en reusable ureterorenoscopen. Qua kosten is het afhankelijk van de aanschaf, de reparatie, het sterilisatieproces en het aantal procedures hoe lang een reusable scoop gemiddeld meegaat. Hoewel de carbon footprint voor een reusable scoop gevoelsmatig lager is, is deze afhankelijk van de CO2-uitstoot bij dezelfde stappen: productie, vervoer, en zo nodig sterilisatie en opnieuw verpakken. Life cycle assessments zijn niet voorhanden of van beperkte kwaliteit en voor zover bekend vergelijkbaar tussen de twee scopen. Voor nu lijkt het advies voor een gemiddeld- tot grootvolumecentrum om naast reusable ureterorenoscopen bij procedures waarbij de kans op schade verhoogd is single-use ureterorenoscopen te gebruiken.
Reconciling Product Flexibility with Cost, Delivery, and Quality: The Importance of Bundling Mass Customization Practices
Authors: Trentin Alessio , Sandrin Enrico , Suzic Svetlana , Grosso Chiara , Forza Cipriano 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reconciling product flexibility with cost, delivery, and quality is an ambidextrous organizational capability known as mass customization capability. This study focuses on how this capability is affected by the joint implementation of three organizational practices––knowledge absorption from customers, product modularity, and online sales configurator use––that directly correspond to the three fundamental building blocks of mass customization identified by prior, influential research. By drawing upon a central tenet of resource orchestration theory, the fit-as-covariation perspective, and prior mass customization research, we conceptually develop the hypothesis that the fit-as-covariation of these practices has a stronger positive association with mass customization capability than the same practices implemented in isolation. This hypothesis was tested using covariance-based structural equation modeling and survey data from 213 manufacturing plants in three industries across 16 countries. Our results support the hypothesis, showing that the joint effect of these practices explains substantially more mass customization capability variation (41.9%) than their isolated effects (13.9%). This amount of variation indicates an effect size that is greater than that reported by most previous survey-based studies on the antecedents of this capability. Theoretically, this paper adds to the relatively limited body of knowledge on the relationships among the enablers of mass customization by highlighting the benefits of a holistic approach in the implementation of the three practices under investigation. Pragmatically, this study helps companies create flexible systems that are able to provide customized products without compromising cost, delivery, or quality.
Investigation of the microstructure and mechanical properties of dissimilar joints of PBF-LB/IN718 to AISI 316L by laser welding
Authors: Chozaki Saeid Parchegani , Piili Heidi , Afkhami Shahriar , Amraei Mohsen , Salminen Antti 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, nickel-based superalloy, Alloy 718 (IN718), processed by powder bed fusion, was welded to wrought AISI 316L using laser welding. The effect of building direction, pre-weld heat treatment, and laser linear energy density on the weld strength of the dissimilar joints was examined. It was shown that employing a lower energy density improved the mechanical performance of the joints, resulting in the highest ultimate tensile strength. The joints in the as-built condition resulted in superior mechanical properties than the joints in heat treated condition. The hardness values of the joints were dependent on whether the PBF-LB/IN718 specimens were in heat-treated (HT) or as-built (AB) condition. The average hardness value at the fusion zone (FZ) of the HT joints was lower than that of the AB joints. Furthermore, the ductility of the HT joints was substantially reduced at higher energy densities while the AB joints showed relatively similar ductility at various energy densities. The loss of ductility was attributed to more pores formation at the FZ of the HT joints as a result of higher degree of oxide contamination following the heat treatment process. In this regard, these porosities can be deemed more detrimental to the joint than the solidification cracks (micro-cracks) following the secondary phases precipitations of Laves and carbides. Finally, the mechanical properties of the joints were unaffected by the build orientation of their additively manufactured base metal.
Thin and Flexible Breeze-Sense Generators for Non-Contact Haptic Feedback in Virtual Reality
Authors: Zhang Kaijun , Liu Zhe , Zhou Yexi , Li Zhaoyang , Zhao Dazhe , Guan Xiao , Lan Tianjun , Gong Yanting , Zhou Bingpu , Zhong Junwen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the realm of virtual reality (VR), haptic feedback is integral to enhance the immersive experience; yet, existing wearable devices predominantly rely on skin contact feedback, lacking options for compact and non-contact breeze-sense feedback. Herein, we propose a compact and non-contact working model piezoelectret actuator for providing a gentle and safe breeze sensation. This easy-fabricated and flexible breeze-sense generator with thickness around 1 mm generates air flow pressure up to ~ 163 Pa, which is significantly sensed by human skin. In a typical demonstration, the breeze-sense generators array showcases its versatility by employing multiple coded modes for non-contact information transmitting. The thin thinness and good flexibility facilitate seamless integration with wearable VR setups, and the wearable arrays empower volunteers to precisely perceive the continuous and sudden breeze senses in the virtual environments. This work is expected to inspire developing new haptic feedback devices that play pivotal roles in human–machine interfaces for VR applications.
Cardiac Safety Using a Swine Surrogate Model for a New Concept Conducted Electrical Weapon—The TASER® T10
Authors: Dawes D. M. , Ho J. D. , Kunz S. N. , Halperin H. R. , Knack S. K. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Axon Enterprise, Inc. has developed a new concept Conducted Electrical Weapon (CEW). Instead of the traditional electrically paired two- or four-probe design, the new CEW uses variable probe polarity with ten independently targeted probes. With this design, electrical connections can occur between any connected probes. With ten probes independently targeted, the manufacturer is expecting field efficacy to be higher than the traditional CEW designs. With the capability of up to ten probes on target (the current firmware limits the total connections between probes to 4), the possibility of anterior–posterior transthoracic connections, probes potentially rapidly alternating polarity (which has never been studied), and a new waveform that varies with the load, this new CEW presents new areas for cardiac safety study. The authors used their previously published swine cardiac safety surrogate testing model using hypotensive cardiac capture and ventricular fibrillation as the clinical endpoints to compare the new CEW to two prior generation CEW models, the TASER 7™ and the TASER X26E™, specifically examining multiple probes, anterior–posterior connections, and rapid alternating probe polarities. The drop in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) during exposures or ventricular fibrillation was the primary end point of interest. The exposure groups were two probes, two probes anterior–posterior, three probes, and four probes. There were a total of 265 thoracic (≥ one probe on the chest) exposures over five swine. A Kruskal–Wallis test assessing for differences in MAP change by weapon did not show any difference (p = 0.35). There were no instances of ventricular fibrillation. Based on this study, there was not a statistical difference between the CEWs in the clinical endpoints of interest. There was an increase in MAP drop with anterior–posterior connections compared to matched anterior-only connections with the TASER 10. This connection was not studied with the other weapons.
Promoting Physical (Ecological) Literacy through Physical Education: Everyone’s Response-ability in a World Gasping for Air
Authors: Peters Jacqui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Braidotti describes the world as gasping for air as collectively we face a range of socioecological challenges. Young people are important actors in these challenges, making schools a critical space for this work. Physical education (PE) can contribute through promoting relevant embodied encounters that develop students’ physical literacies (PL). Noting the recent moves to extend the notion of a physically literate individual to include the ecological, alongside the Australian Curriculum that requires teachers to attend to their learning area, cross-curriculum priorities and general capabilities including sustainability and ethical capabilities, there are exciting possibilities for developing students’ PL to confront these challenges. Despite these opportunities, for PE to contribute meaningfully, teachers must progress from PE represented by sport techniques, linear pedagogies and driven by competition to PE that engages students to think and act differently in the world, ethically, ontologically and epistemologically. Using autoethnography, this paper presents vignettes to outline current issues and possibilities for PE. Through a posthuman lens, positioning teachers and students as learners who are always becoming, with the capacity to affect and be affected, it is possible to achieve the intended curriculum and develop young people’s capacities to make a meaningful contribution to the socioecological challenges we face.
Do the Lights Stay on? Deployment and Withdrawal of Peacekeepers and Their Effect on Local Economic Development
Authors: Cil Deniz , Fjelde Hanne , Hultman Lisa , Metternich Nils W. , Nilsson Desirée 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
How does the deployment and withdrawal of UN peacekeepers affect local economic development in civil war countries? This study provides a large-N subnational analysis across UN peacekeeping operations that assesses their impact on the local economy both during deployment and after their withdrawal. We expect a positive association between UN peacekeeping and economic development. Besides providing a sizeable cash injection into the economy, peacekeepers can safeguard both the resumption of everyday economic exchanges at the grassroots level and the influx of aid and development projects. To test this, we combine subnational data on peacekeeping deployments with high-resolution data on nightlight emissions. Results from two-way fixed effects models, using matching, show that a more sizable peacekeeping presence can help boost economic activity in their area of operation. Importantly, we identify a slow but positive economic development in areas of deployment after peacekeepers withdraw, which is confirmed in a DiD estimation approach.
Conflict Abroad and Political Trust at Home: Evidence from a Natural Experiment
Authors: Klymak Margaryta , Vlandas Tim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Do conflicts abroad affect trust at home? While we know that conflicts impact trust in warring countries, we lack evidence on whether people in neighbouring, but non-involved, countries are also affected. We address this question in the case of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, which represented a large shock to the security and economy of European countries. Our identification strategy uses the overlap between the timing of the Russian invasion and the European Social Survey fieldwork in eleven European countries. We find that the invasion increased respondents’ trust in their country’s politicians, political parties, and national parliament, as well as satisfaction with the government. Further analyses using other surveys and previous conflicts suggest this effect depends on proximity to the conflict and the political regimes of the attacked country. These findings contribute to our understanding of the complex and indirect effects of conflicts on domestic political trust.
Estimation of Entrainment and Detrainment Rates in Cumulus Clouds Using Global Satellite Observations
Authors: Zhu Lei , Wang Yichuan , Zhu Yannian , He Xin , Li Junjun , Wang Yuan , Zhou Yue , Lu Chunsong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractParameterizations of entrainment and detrainment rates (ε and δ) are crucial for climate models. Although satellite‐derived estimates of ε are available in the literature, there has been a deficiency in satellite‐based retrievals of δ. To fill this gap, a recently developed approach is applied to satellite observations. The retrieved ε and δ are validated against the aircraft observations confirming the reliability of the satellite‐based ε and δ. Results show that the global ε and δ exhibit significant latitudinal variations and land‐ocean contrast, but no significant interhemispheric differences. Near the equator, ε and δ are relatively low, and they increase with latitude. Both ε and δ are notably higher over oceans (1.62 and 1.33 km−1, respectively) than over land (0.92 and 0.64 km−1, respectively). Furthermore, this global data set can further develop and validate parameterizations of ε and δ in climate models.
Limited Shallow Slip in the 1938 MS 8.3 Alaska Peninsula Earthquake Rupture
Authors: Bai Yefei , Zhi Honghuan , Lay Thorne , Liu Chengli , Ye Lingling , Cheung Kwok Fai 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe 1938 MS 8.3 and 2021 MW 8.2 earthquakes both ruptured within the Semidi segment of the Aleutian‐Alaska subduction zone. The large‐slip distribution of the 2021 event is well constrained within the depth range 25–45 km, with seaward tsunami observations excluding significant shallower coseismic slip. The 1938 event slip distribution is more uncertain. Regional and far‐field tide gauge observations for the 1938 event are modeled to constrain the location of large coseismic slip. The largest slip (2.0 m) is located below the continental shelf on a 180‐km‐long portion of the rupture extending further northeast than the 2021 rupture, to near Sitkinak Island. Minor slip (1.0 m) extends seaward under the continental slope to 8 km deep, where large slip may have occurred in 1788. The megathrust shallower than 25 km depth to the southwest experienced many small aftershocks and aseismic slip following the 2021 event, and has limited slip deficit.
VLF Transmitter Signals Observed by the Cluster Spacecraft Over a Wide Range of Latitudes
Authors: Němec F. , Santolík O. , Albert J. M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVery low frequency transmitter signals can penetrate through the ionosphere and propagate in the inner magnetosphere, being observed by spacecraft instruments with sufficient frequency resolution and range. We use 23 years of measurements performed by the Waves of High frequency and Sounder for Probing of Electron density by Relaxation instrument on board the four Cluster spacecraft at frequencies up to 80 kHz to investigate the observed wave intensities. The transmitter signals are about an order of magnitude more intense during the night than during the day, and they are apparently confined within the plasmasphere. The extensive latitudinal coverage of the measurements allows us to investigate frequency cut‐offs observed in the transmitter spectra. These are mostly in line with nonducted propagation, but occasional partial ducting seems to be necessary to explain signals spanning otherwise inaccessible regions. Finally, we compare the observed intensity patterns with the calculations of Starks et al. (2020), https://doi.org/10.1029/2019ja027029. Although overall agreement is obtained, the observed wave intensities tend to be a factor of about 2–3 lower than the calculated intensities.
Impact of Ocean, Sea Ice or Atmosphere Initialization on Seasonal Prediction of Regional Antarctic Sea Ice
Authors: Xiu Yongwu , Wang Yiguo , Luo Hao , Garcia‐Oliva Lilian , Yang Qinghua 
Published: February 2025

AbstractDynamical modeling is widely utilized for Antarctic sea ice prediction. However, the relative impact of initializing different model components remains unclear. We compare three sets of hindcasts of the Norwegian Climate Prediction Model (NorCPM), which are initialized by ocean, ocean/sea‐ice, or atmosphere data and referred to as the OCN, OCNICE, and ATM hindcasts hereafter. The seasonal cycle of sea ice extent (SIE) in the ATM reanalysis shows a slightly better agreement with observations than the OCN and OCNICE reanalyzes. The trends of sea ice concentration (SIC) in the OCN and OCNICE reanalyzes compare well to observations, but the ATM reanalysis is poor over the western Antarctic. The OCNICE reanalysis yields the most accurate estimation of sea ice variability, while the OCN and ATM reanalyzes are comparable. Evaluation of the hindcasts reveals the predictive skill varies with region and season. Austral winter SIE of the western Antarctic can be skillfully predicted 12 months ahead, while the predictive skill in the eastern Antarctic is low. Austral winter SIE predictability can be largely attributed to high sea surface temperature predictability, thanks to skillful initialization of ocean heat content. The ATM hindcast from July or October performs best due to the effective initialization of sea‐ice thickness, which enhances prediction skills until early austral summer via its long memory. Meanwhile, the stratosphere‐troposphere coupling contributes to the prediction of springtime. The comparable skill between the OCN and OCNICE hindcasts implies limited benefits from SIC data on prediction when using ocean data.
Climatic Controls on Hydrological Landslide Triggering in the Northern Himalayas
Authors: Fan Linfeng , Kuang Xingxing , Ouyang Chaojun , Chen Kewei , Zheng Chunmiao 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHydrologically‐induced landslides are ubiquitous natural hazards in the Himalayas, posing severe threat to human life and infrastructure. Yet, landslide assessment in the Himalayas is extremely challenging partly due to complex and drastically changing climate conditions. Here we establish a mechanistic hydromechanical landslide modeling framework that incorporates the impacts of key water fluxes and stocks on landslide triggering and risk evolution in mountain systems, accounting for potential climate change conditions for the period 1991–2100. In the drainage basin of the largest river in the northern Himalayas– the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin (YZRB), we estimate that rainfall, glacier/snow melt and permafrost thaw contribute ∼38.4%, 28.8%, and 32.8% to landslides, respectively, for the period 1991–2019. Future climate change will likely exacerbate landslide triggering primarily due to increasing rainfall, whereas the contribution of glacier/snow melt decreases owing to deglaciation and snow cover loss. The total Gross Domestic Productivity risk is projected to increase continuously throughout the 21st century, while the risk to population shows a general declining trend. The results yield novel insights into the climatic controls on landslide evolution and provide useful guidance for disaster risk management and resilience building under future climate change in the Himalayas.
γδ T-cell autoresponses to ectopic membrane proteins: a new type of pattern recognition
Authors: You Hongqin , Zhang Xiangjin , Chen Hui , Liu Chang , Teng Da , Han Jiajia , Chen Ming , Pang Yongsheng , Zhang Jianmin , Cai Menghua , Zhao Yueqi , Dong Qingqing , Wang Shuli , Xu Yi , Hu Yu , Dong Peng , He Wei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
T-cell receptor (TCR) γδ-expressing cells are conserved lymphocytes of innate immunity involved in first-line defense and immune surveillance. TCRγδ recognizes protein/nonprotein ligands without the help of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), especially via direct binding to protein ligands, which is dependent primarily on the δ chain complementary determining region 3 (CDR3δ). However, the mechanism of protein‒antigen recognition by human γδ TCRs remains poorly defined. We hypothesize that γδ TCRs recognize self-proteins expressed ectopically on the cell membrane that are derived from intracellular components under stress. Here, we mapped 16 intercellular self-proteins among 21,000 proteins with a huProteinChip as putative ligands for Vδ1/Vδ2 TCRs, 13 for Vδ1 TCRs and 3 for Vδ2 TCRs. Functional tests confirmed that ectopic nucleolin (NCL) is a ligand for the Vδ1 TCR, whereas protein-glutamine γ-glutamyltransferase K (TGM1) is a ligand for the Vδ2 TCR. In the context of radiation exposure, the ectopic expression of intracellular proteins on the tumor cell surface is related to the increased antitumor cytotoxicity of γδ T cells both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the recognition of intracellular proteins that are ectopically expressed on somatic cells by human γδ TCRs is a basic interaction mechanism that enables new types of immune pattern recognition and a novel γδ TCR-ligand-based strategy for tumor immunotherapy.