bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aftermath of Post COVID-19 Condition in Italy and the United States: an ecological comparison
Authors: Garlasco Jacopo , Nurchis Mario , Raspolini Gian Mario , Alizadeh Aurora Heidar , Elhadidy Heba , Gianino Maria , Damiani Gianfranco 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Post COVID-19 Condition (PCC) is a clinical syndrome following COVID-19 disease. PCC symptoms in adults entail significant productivity loss and reduced quality of life. This study aimed at estimating the epidemiological and economic burden of PCC among the working-age population of Italy and the US. This ecological analysis was conducted on data from January 2020 to April 2023, regarding population aged 18-64. PCC incidence was retrieved for the US, while for Italy it was estimated from COVID-19 cases. Prevalence of factors associated with PCC and parameters to calculate temporary productivity losses (TPL) were retrieved. An estimated Incidence Rate Ratio (eIRR) of PCC incidence in Italy and the US was calculated. TPL for reduced earnings and total Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) lost were also estimated.
The ecological eIRR Italy/US was 0.842 [95%CI: 0.672–1.015], suggesting that, holding COVID-19 cases constant, 15.8% fewer PCC cases have occurred in Italy compared to the US. Overall PCC cases were found to be roughly 12.0 [95%CI: 9.9–14.1] million in the US, with 1.9 [95%CI: 1.6–2.3] million QALYs lost, and around 2.4 [95%CI: 1.8–3.0] million in Italy, with 0.4 [95%CI: 0.3–0.5] million QALYs lost. Up to April 2023, the TPL was estimated to be €4.5 [95%CI: 3.5–6.1] billion in Italy and $41.5 [95%CI: 34.3–48.7] billion in the US.
PCC has had a significant epidemiological and economic impact on the working-age population. The findings from this study may be of use for health planning and policy regarding PCC in working-age adults.
Exploring the Role and Significance of Values-Based Leadership: A Comprehensive Systematic Review in Higher Education Leadership
Authors: Tadesse Yared Mulat , Bekele Mitiku , Arega Abunu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose – The aim of this review is to create a conceptual basis for promoting value-based leadership in public universities; the aim of the review is also to identify the research gap with regard to implications for value-based leadership practice and future research. This review addresses the following questions: Why is value-based leadership now in the university context; what is value-based leadership; what is the rebirth of value integration in leadership; and what is the genesis of value-based leadership as an emerging theory.
Methodology/approach – This is a systematic review of academic publications, articles, empirical studies and current books on value-based leadership using four databases, namely, Research Gate, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Scopus. In addition, the previous three databases, Academia, were used in rare cases. The review process involves three processes: searching for relevant literature on the phenomenon of interest, reviewing and consulting the literature, and continuing to create a report pool. A two-step screening approach was utilized. The approach was descriptive in nature, and the events were presented methodologically in a narrative manner and followed a qualitative approach. We ensure that the selected articles fit the selected context and contain empirical research (i.e., primary or secondary). Additionally, the study's organization and/or structure are sought.
Findings – The core values of organizations aid in adapting to and responding to the complexity of the modern environment. In addition, organizations instill core values in leadership to achieve overall organizational excellence, and more organizations that prioritize values are more resilient. However, more research is needed on the role of values in institutionalization processes since values are central to the value-based leadership model. Surprisingly, the source of values, their universality, and the possibility of value conflicts are not fully explored.
Originality/value – This paper provides a brief overview of the limited literature on the conceptualization/perception of value-based leadership and its implications for higher education.
Insight into the Electrical Properties of TiN/Al2O3/p-Si High-K MIS Devices
Authors: Hlali Slah , Hizem Neila , Kalboussi Adel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This research presents a study of the electrical characteristics C-V and I-V for the new MIS structure TiN/Al2O3/P-Si, simulated using Silvaco TCAD software. The analysis reveals the impact of various parameters such as frequency, temperature, oxide thickness, surface of the structure, and doping on the characteristics. The numerical simulations show good agreement with theoretical curves from literature, demonstrating proficiency in simulation techniques. The studies indicate that as temperature rises, there is a decrease in flat band voltage possibly due to reduced total charge density in the oxide and interface defect density. Notably, a weak inversion zone is observed at temperatures between 77 K and 300 K. Furthermore, frequency has a significant impact on the C-V characteristic at 1 GHz. Analysis of I-V reveals an asymmetry in temperature activation, suggesting the presence of two mechanisms of current conduction. The study also highlights that increasing doping values result in higher current density in the negative voltage regime, while simulated leakage currents for TiN/Al2O3/P-Si capacitors with varying dielectric thicknesses show higher current density for electron injection from the gate compared to the substrate due to band diagram asymmetry, leading to non-uniform leakage current behavior influenced by decreasing oxide thickness.
Oceanographic connectivity strongly restricts future range expansions of critical ecosystem structuring species
Authors: Assis Jorge , Legrand Terence , Fragkopoulou Eliza , Gouvêa Lidiane , Serrão Ester A. , Araújo Miguel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Climate change is anticipated to profoundly shift the distribution of marine biodiversity, yet the extent to which species can track suitable habitats remains unknown. In particular, oceanographic connectivity, the exchange of individuals mediated by ocean currents, can play a crucial role in dispersal and future range dynamics. Here, we integrate species distribution models and biophysical models to quantify the extent to which oceanographic connectivity can restrict future range expansions of marine forests of seagrasses and brown macroalgae under contrasting climate change scenarios. Our results show substantial range contractions for both groups, particularly under high emissions. Despite the potential for broad poleward range expansions that could partially offset range constrictions, oceanographic connectivity emerges as a major limiting factor, restricting potential expansion areas of newly suitable habitats by up to 8-fold for seagrasses and by 6.7-fold for brown macroalgae. These restrictions may push up to 90% of species into experiencing negative net habitat changes. Notably, connectivity barriers are well-defined at the global scale, and particularly strong in regions projected to hold extensive future suitable habitat, including the Okhotsk Sea, New Zealand, and the Arctic. Overall, our findings emphasize the need for conservation and management strategies that explicitly integrate both changing habitat suitability and oceanographic connectivity to provide the most accurate and actionable guidance for protecting marine forests in a changing climate.
Carboxylic Group Functionalized Carbon Quantum Dots inhibit Hen Egg
White Lysozyme Amyloidogenesis, leading to the Formation of Spherical
Aggregates with Reduced Toxicity and ROS Generation
Authors: Prabhu M.P. Taraka , Chrungoo Shreya , Sarkar Nandini 
Published: April 2024

Introduction::
Proteinopathies are a group of diseases where the protein structure has
been altered. These alterations are linked to the production of amyloids, which are persistent, organized
clumps of protein molecules through inter-molecular interactions. Several disorders, including
Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, have been related to the presence of amyloids. Highly ordered
beta sheets or beta folds are characteristic of amyloids; these structures can further self-
-assemble into stable fibrils.

Method::
Protein aggregation is caused by a wide variety of environmental and experimental factors,
including mutations, high pH, high temperature, and chemical modification. Despite several
efforts, a cure for amyloidosis has yet to be found. Due to its advantageous semi-conducting characteristics,
unique optical features, high surface area-to-volume ratio, biocompatibility, etc., carbon
quantum dots (CQDs) have lately emerged as key instruments for a wide range of biomedical
applications. To this end, we have investigated the effect of CQDs with a carboxyl group on their
surface (CQD-CA) on the in vitro amyloidogenesis of hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL).

Result::
By generating a stable compound that is resistant to fibrillation, our findings show that
CQD-CA can suppress amyloid and disaggregate HEWL. In addition, CQD-CA caused the creation
of non-toxic spherical aggregates, which generated much less reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Conclusion::
Overall, our results show that more research into amyloidosis treatments, including
surface functionalized CQDs, is warranted.
Unveiling Therapeutic Avenues for Crohn’s Disease Management:
Exploring Inhibitors for Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli Propanediol
Dehydratase
Authors: Bourhia Mohammed , Hosen Md. Eram , Faruqe Md Omar , Tasnim Faria , Taibi Mohamed , Elbouzidi Amine , Bin Jardan Yousef A. , Ibenmoussa Samir , Asehraou Abdeslam 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) encompasses a group of chronic disorders
distinguished by inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Among these, Crohn's Disease
(CD) stands out as a complex and impactful condition due to challenges for both diagnosis and
management, making it a cynosure of research.

Methods:
In CD, there is the predominance of proinflammatory bacteria, including the Adherentinvasive
Escherichia coli (AIEC) with virulence-associated metabolic enzyme Propanediol Dehydratase
(pduC), which has been identified as a therapeutic target for the management of CD. Herein,
molecular modeling techniques, including molecular docking, Molecular Mechanics with Generalized
Born and Surface Area (MMGBSA), drug-likeness, and pharmacokinetics profiling, were
utilized to probe the potentials of eighty antibacterial compounds to serve as inhibitors of pduC.

Results:
The results of this study led to the identification of five compounds with promising potentials;
the results of the molecular docking simulation revealed the compounds as possessing better
binding affinities for the target compared to the standard drug (sulfasalazine), while Lipinski’s rule
of five-based assessment of their drug-likeness properties revealed them as potential oral drugs.
MMGBSA free energy calculation and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation of the complexes
formed a sequel to molecular docking, revealing the compounds as stable binders in the active site
of the protein.

Conclusion:
Ultimately, the results of this study have revealed five compounds to possess the potential
to serve as inhibitors of pduC of AIEC. However, experimental studies are still needed to
validate the findings of this study.
A State-of-the-art Review on Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Applications
Authors: Sharma Rishav , Malviya Rishabha , Uniyal Prerna , Prajapati Bhupendra 
Published: April 2024

Background:
The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning holds great
promise for enhancing healthcare institutions and providing fresh perspectives on the origins and
advancement of long-term illnesses. In the healthcare sector, artificial intelligence and machine learning
are used to address supply and demand concerns, genomic applications, and new advancements
in drug development, cancer, and heart disease.

Objective:
The article explores the ways that machine learning, AI, precision medicine, and genomics
are changing healthcare. The essay also discusses how AI's examination of various patient data could
enhance healthcare institutions, provide fresh insights into chronic conditions, and advance precision
medicine. The potential uses of machine learning for genome analysis are also examined in the paper,
particularly about genetic biomarker-based disease risk and symptom prediction.

Discussion:
The challenges posed by the phenotype-genotype relationship are examined, as well as
the significance of comprehending disease pathways in order to create tailored treatments. Moreover,
it offers a streamlined and modularized method that predicts how genotypes affect cell properties
using machine-learning models, enabling the development of personalized drugs. The collective feedback
highlights the rapid interdisciplinary growth of medical genomics following the completion of
the Human Genome Project. It also emphasizes how important genomic data is for improving
healthcare outcomes and facilitating personalized medicine.

Conclusion:
The study's conclusions point to a revolutionary shift in healthcare: the application of
AI/ML to illness control. Even though these innovations have a lot of potential benefits, problems
like algorithm interpretability and ethical issues need to be worked out before they can be successfully
incorporated into routine medical practice. Using machine learning in medicine has enormous potential
benefits for the biotech industry. Further research, ongoing regulatory frameworks, and collaboration
between medical professionals and data analysts are necessary to fully utilize machine learning
as well as artificial intelligence in disease management.
Exosomes from MicroRNA-125b-Modified Adipose-Derived Stem Cells
Promote Wound Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers
Authors: Guo Enqi , Wang Liang , Wu Jianlong , Chen Qiang 
Published: April 2024

Introduction::
Exosomes derived from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs-Exo)
have been implicated in the enhancement of wound repair in Diabetic Foot Ulcers (DFU). Objective:
The current research was designed to explore the therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms
of ADSCs-Exo modified with microRNA-125b (miR-125b) in the context of DFU.

Methods::
Rat models with DFU and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) subjected
to high glucose (HG) conditions served as experimental systems and were administered
miR-125b-engineered ADSCs-Exo. Then, the expressions of CD34, Ki-67, angiogenesis-related
factors (VEGF and TGFβ-1), angiogenesis inhibitor DLL-4, and inflammation-related proteins
(TLR-4 and IL-6) were detected.

Results::
MiR-125b was upregulated in ADSCs-Exo. MiR-125b-mimics transfection in ADSCs-
Exo reduced inflammatory infiltration and promoted granulation formation and wound healing
in wound tissues. MiR-125b-mimics-modified ADSCs-Exo injection increased the expression of
CD34, Ki-67, VEGF, and TGFβ-1, whereas decreased the expression of DLL-4, TLR-4, and IL-6
in wound tissues of DFU rats. In addition, miR-125b-mimics-ADSCs-Exo injection reversed the
negative effects of HG on the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs, as well as
the positive effects of cell apoptosis. Moreover, miR-125b-inhibitor-ADSCs-Exo injection had the
opposite effects to miR-125b-mimics-ADSCs-Exo.

Conclusion::
ADSCs-Exo promoted wound healing of DFU rats, especially when overexpressing
miR-125b.
NIFK, a Potential Prognostic and Immunological Biomarker in Pan--
Cancer Analysis, Significantly Regulates Proliferation and Metastasis of
Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Li Zhuoyuan , Zhou Shangbo , Bin Ting , Shi Yuntao , Zeng Leli , Li Bo , Li Jia , He Yulong , Zhang Changhua 
Published: April 2024

Background:
As a binding protein of Ki67, NIFK plays an important role in the mitosis of cells and is closely related to the progression of specific types of tumors. However, there is
still a lack of systematic analysis of NIFK in pan-cancer and insufficient research to explore its
role in human tumors.

Methods:
We systematically evaluated the pan-cancer expression and mutation of NIFK in human
cancers using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) through large-scale bioinformatics
analysis. In addition, we explored the pan-cancer immunological characteristics of NIFK, especially in colorectal adenocarcinoma (COAD). Furthermore, we used single-cell sequencing to analyze
the expression of NIFK in different cells of COAD tissues and performed GO, KEGG, and gene
set enrichment analysis of NIFK in COAD. Lastly, we evaluated the effects of NIFK knockdown
on the colorectal cancer cell lines in in vitro experiment.

Results:
We found that NIFK was overexpressed in almost all types of tumors and showed significant prognostic efficacy. Additionally, correlations between NIFK and specific immune features,
such as immune cell infiltration, immune checkpoint genes, TMB, and MSI, suggest that NIFK
may be used to guide immunotherapy. Subsequently, it was found that the expression of NIFK
was significantly upregulated in tumor cells through single-cell sequencing analysis, and the
NIFK gene was closely associated with tumor progression and immune therapy response. Finally,
we further elucidated the role of NIFK in colorectal cancer and found that downregulation of
NIFK expression could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of colorectal cancer cells.

Conclusion:
The results of this study demonstrated that NIFK, as a member of the pan-cancer
genes, will serve as a biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for a range of cancer types, providing new insight into precision medicine.
Honokiol Suppresses Cell Proliferation and Tumor Migration through ROS in Human Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells
Authors: Liao Kai-Sheng , Lee Ying-Ray , Chao Wen-Ying , Huang Yen-Ju , Chung Hui-Chen , Chen Shu-Hsin , Li Yi-Zhen , Zhao Pei-Wen , Chang Hong-Yi 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Honokiol is a natural polyphenolic compound extracted from Magnolia
officinali, which is commonly used material in Chinese herbal medicine, has a variety of biological
functions, including anti-tumor, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-microbial and
anti-allergy. Although honokiol has numerous beneficial effects on human diseases, the
underlying mechanisms of tumor metastasis are still unclear. Previously, we reported that
honokiol suppresses thyroid cancer cell proliferation with cytotoxicity through cell cycle arrest,
apoptosis, and dysregulation of intracellular hemostasis. Herein, we hypothesized that the antioxidant
effect of honokiol might play a critical role in thyroid cancer cell proliferation and migration.

Methods:
The cell viability assays, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity, cell migration,
and immunoblotting were performed after cells were treated with honokiol.

Results:
Based on this hypothesis, we first demonstrated that honokiol suppresses cell proliferation
in two human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cell lines, KMH-2 and ASH-3, within a
dosage- and time-dependent manner by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Next, we examined
that honokiol induced ROS activation and could be suppressed by pre-treated with an antioxidant
agent, N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Furthermore, the honokiol suppressed cell proliferation
can be rescued by pre-treated with NAC. Finally, we demonstrated that honokiol inhibited
ATC cell migration by modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers by
Western blotting.

Conclusion:
Taken together, we provided the potential mechanism for treating ATC cells with
honokiol, which significantly suppresses tumor proliferation and inhibits tumor metastasis in
vitro through reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction.
Sexual Risk-taking Behaviours amongst Rural Adolescent Boys in a Province in South Africa: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mogotsi Miriam , Govender Saraswathie , Nel Kathryn , Govender Indiran 
Published: April 2024

Background
Risky sexual behaviours amongst adolescents contribute to public health problems globally and can be linked to cultural norms and lifestyles. This study aimed to explore the influences that are related to sexual risk behaviours amongst adolescent boys in a rural setting in South Africa.

Methods
The research was guided by Bandura’s social learning theory. The research used a qualitative approach with an exploratory phenomenological research design. Purposive sampling was used; 30 adolescent boys aged 13 to 18 years were recruited from 5 high schools in a province in South Africa. Focus groups were created, and data were analysed using thematic analysis (TA).

Results
Five themes emerged naturally out of the data, namely: 1) Lack of parental communication about sex; 2) Alcohol use; 3) Media influence; 4) Pregnancy and manhood; and 5) Government grants.

Conclusion
Findings revealed that the sample of male adolescents was involved in high-risk sex behaviours that were influenced by their sexual desires, consumption of alcohol, desire to prove their manhood, and receiving money from government grants. It was recommended that the Department of Education (DOE) in South Africa should implement and update sex education programmes at both primary and secondary schools.
Responsabilidad Social Universitaria con Enfoque Intercultural: Perspectiva Comunidad Afrocolombiana de San Basilio de Palenque
Authors: Gómez – Rivera Alba Yolima , Castro – Molinares Suly Patricia , Buelvas – Almanza Karina Paola , Ruiz – Cabezas Meri Rocío , Ahumada – Villafañe Irlena 
Published: April 2024

La Responsabilidad Social de las Universidades, se revitaliza en esa relación dinámica y transformadora de las universidades con las realidades propias de los contextos universitarios. Se buscó diseñar un programa RSU con enfoque intercultural. El estudio es el cualitativo y la posición epistemológica es el crítico. La metodología adoptada es la Investigación-Acción, se contó con la participación de 61 familias de San Basilio de Palenque. El instrumento utilizado fue la guía multidimensional, permitió ahondar en las problemáticas de las comunidades donde realizo su Práctica en Responsabilidad Social y la posterior relación multidimensional a nivel local, nacional y de la Latinoamérica para comprender las realidades sociales desde perspectivas más amplias. se requieren acciones prontas de compromiso tácito y efectivo por parte de las universidades presentes en la región, la institucionalidad pública y privada, para que desde un enfoque ético, intercultural, integrador e incluyente en el desarrollo, atiendan y acompañen a la comunidad palenquera mediante programas, proyectos y el desarrollo de políticas que realmente transformen las actuales condiciones de vida.
An Improved CNN model for Identifying Tomato Leaf Diseases
Authors: BHARALI DEBABRAT 
Published: April 2024

A major loss in gross domestic product, quantity and quality of products produced, as well as tomato production, is caused by diseases in tomato leaves due to which farmers have a difficult time in controlling and monitoring the health of tomato leaves, one of which is leaf disease. In our project, we developed an Enhanced CNN by using data augmentation techniques to identify the seven classes(blight ,leaf curl, leaf miner ,Alteneria, leaf spot, cutwork infected) of tomato leaf diseases. Using 27807 trainable parameters, the enhanced CNN obtains the maximum training accuracy of ninety nine point nine eight percent(99.98%) and validating accuracy of ninety eight point four percent(98.4%) .With fewer parameters, The Enhanced CNN can more accurately determine the type of illness of tomato leaf. Our Enhanced CNN model also determine the type of illness of tomato leaf when tested with the images of diseased tomato leaf collected from the internet sources.Using 152850 trainable parameters the enhanced CNN obtain the maximum training accuracy of 99.68% and validation accuracy of 89%.