bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid response systems, antibiotic stewardship and medication reconciliation: a scoping review on implementation factors, activities and outcomes
Authors: Ohlsen Jonas Torp , Søfteland Eirik , Akselsen Per Espen , Assmus Jörg , Harthug Stig , Lein Regina Küfner , Sevdalis Nick , Wæhle Hilde Valen , Øvretveit John , Hartveit Miriam 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionMany patient safety practices are only partly established in routine clinical care, despite extensive quality improvement efforts. Implementation science can offer insights into how patient safety practices can be successfully adopted.ObjectiveThe objective was to examine the literature on implementation of three internationally used safety practices: medication reconciliation, antibiotic stewardship programmes and rapid response systems. We sought to identify the implementation activities, factors and outcomes reported; the combinations of factors and activities supporting successful implementation; and the implications of the current evidence base for future implementation and research.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO and Education Resources Information Center from January 2011 to March 2023. We included original peer-reviewed research studies or quality improvement reports. We used an iterative, inductive approach to thematically categorise data. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical cluster analyses were performed.ResultsFrom the 159 included studies, eight categories of implementation activities were identified:education; planning and preparation; method-based approach; audit and feedback; motivate and remind; resource allocation; simulation and training;andpatient involvement. Most studies reported activities from multiple categories. Implementation factors included: clinical competence and collaboration; resources; readiness and engagement; external influence; organisational involvement; QI competence;andfeasibility of innovation. Factors were often suggested post hoc and seldom used to guide the selection of implementation strategies. Implementation outcomes were reported as:fidelity or compliance; proxy indicator for fidelity; sustainability; acceptability;andspread. Most studies reported implementation improvement, hindering discrimination between more or less important factors and activities.ConclusionsThe multiple activities employed to implement patient safety practices reflect mainly method-based improvement science, and to a lesser degree determinant frameworks from implementation science. There seems to be an unexploited potential for continuous adaptation of implementation activities to address changing contexts. Research-informed guidance on how to make such adaptations could advance implementation in practice.
Quantifying relational change in community organisations participating in a Veteran suicide prevention learning collaborative: a social network analysis
Authors: DeBeer Bryann B , Russell Patricia D , Mignogna Joseph , Mohatt Nathaniel , Borah Elisa , Bryan Craig J , Monteith Lindsey , Peterson Alan , Zheng Andy , Sprong Sara , Bongiovanni Kathryn , Villareal Edgar , Hoffmire Claire A , Heise Jenna , Baack Sylvia , Weinberg Kimberly , Polk Marcy , Alverio Tabitha , Mealer Meredith , Scheihing Juliana , Benzer Justin , Varda Danielle 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundVeteran suicide remains a significant issue, as 17.5 Veterans die by suicide each day. The US Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) has implemented a robust suicide prevention program within its integrated behavioural health system. Further, the VA has increasingly contributed to suicide prevention in community settings, where a large proportion of Veterans receive health care and social services. One component integral to preventing suicide among Veterans receiving community services is ensuring that organisations are equipped with the latest evidence-based Veteran-specific suicide prevention strategies.MethodsThe Patient Safety Center of Inquiry-Suicide Prevention Collaborative piloted a Veteran suicide prevention learning collaborative in the Denver/Colorado Springs, CO region, spanning 16 months as a multimodal initiative to integrate community organisations and assist them in implementing Veteran suicide prevention strategies used within VA. Agencies completed social network analysis surveys at baseline (T1), year 1 (T2) and 16 months (T3) to examine social networks, partnerships and collaborations among community organisations and the VA over time.ResultsThe quantity of learning collaborative relationships increased from 30 at T1 to 41 at T3 while the quality of relationships deepened over time from awareness and cooperative to more coordinated and integrated.ConclusionImprovement in relationship quantity and quality facilitates community organisation engagement in collaborating to strengthen their Veteran suicide prevention programming. Learning collaboratives work with the individual organisation for intraorganisational facilitation of implementing suicide prevention strategies and engage and enhance interorganisational partnerships. This multimodal intervention can engage community organisations and provide a stronger safety net for Veterans at risk for suicide.
Single-fraction radiation retreatment for bone metastases: role of a rapid access clinic
Authors: Kim Minsoo , Maldonado Jose Alberto , Pandey Prasamsa , El Alam Molly B , Kouzy Ramez , Christopherson Kaitlin , Minsky Bruce D , Nugyen Quynh-Nhu , Grosshans David , Lin Lilie L , Mitchell Melissa P , Klopp Ann H , Lee Percy P , Bird Justin , Satcher Robert , Lewis Valerae O , Lin Patrick P , Tang Chad , Koong Albert C , Moon Bryan , Colbert Lauren E 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThis study investigates retreatment rates in single-fraction radiation therapy (SFRT) for painful bone metastasis in patients with limited life expectancy. We compared retreatment-free survival (RFS) in patients from a rapid access bone metastases clinic (RABC) and non-RABC patients, identifying factors associated with retreatment.MethodsIn this observational study, we analysed RABC patients who received SFRT between April 2018 and November 2019, using non-RABC SFRT patients as a comparison group. Patients with prior or perioperative radiation therapy (RT) were excluded. The primary endpoint was same-site and any-site retreatment with RT or surgery. Patient characteristics were compared using χ2and Student’s t-tests, with RFS estimates based on a multistate model considering death as a competing risk using Aalen-Johansen estimates.ResultsWe identified 151 patients (79 RABC, 72 non-RABC) with 225 treatments (102 RABC, 123 non-RABC) meeting eligibility criteria. Of the 22 (10.8%) same-site retreatments, 5 (22.7%) received surgery, 14 (63.6%) received RT and 3 (13.6%) received both RT and surgery. We found no significant differences in any-site RFS (p=0.97) or same-site RFS (p=0.11).ConclusionsRFS is high and similar comparable in the RABC and non-RABC cohorts. Retreatment rates are low, even in patients with low Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores.
Palaeoenvironment and bio-events of the Cretaceous sediments of the Cauvery Basin, India
Authors: Venkatachalapthy R. , Harini L. , Hart M. B. , Watkinson M. P. 
Published: June 2024

The Cauvery Basin is an important rift margin basin on the east coast of India. Its long research history began in the mid-nineteenth century with the pioneering work of H. F. Blanford. While much of the Cretaceous succession in the basin is fault-controlled, some of the recorded events represent global sea level changes, especially in the mid-Cretaceous. Macrofossils (ammonites, bivalves, etc.) and foraminifera are abundant throughout, and there is an important occurrence of fossil wood and ‘log-grounds’ in the Turonian–Coniacian. The basin is subdivided into a series of sub-basins (known as depressions in earlier literature), which, in places, have their own distinctive depositional history.
The results of our collective fieldwork have provided a re-assessment of the lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy and the tectono-stratigraphical history of the Ariyalur outcrop. Three sedimentary units have been identified: the syn-rift Gondwana Group (of early Cretaceous age), the syn-rift Uttatur Group (of Albian to Coniacian age) and the post-rift Ariyalur Group (of Santonian to Maastrichtian age). Both microfossil and macrofaunal information have been integrated in order to construct a biostratigraphical framework for the basin and develop a tectono-stratigraphical model. Structures exposed onshore, which have occasionally been interpreted as Albian reefs, are thought to be irregularly shaped limestone olistoliths and olistostromes produced by significant intra-Cretaceous faulting and slumping within the basin.
Intrinsic Epigenetic State of Primary Osteosarcoma Drives Metastasis
Authors: Singh Irtisha , Rainusso Nino , Kurenbekova Lyazat , Nirala Bikesh K. , Dou Juan , Muruganandham Abhinaya , Yustein Jason T. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor affecting the pediatric population with a high potential to metastasize. However, insights into the molecular features enabling its metastatic potential are limited. We mapped the active chromatin landscapes of osteosarcoma tumors by integrating histone H3 lysine–acetylated chromatin state (n = 13), chromatin accessibility profiles (n = 11), and gene expression (n = 13) to understand the differences in their active chromatin profiles and their impact on molecular mechanisms driving the malignant phenotypes. Primary osteosarcoma tumors from patients with metastasis (primary met) have a distinct active chromatin landscape compared with those without metastasis (localized). This difference shapes the transcriptional profile of osteosarcoma. We identified novel candidate genes, including PPP1R1B, PREX1, and IGF2BP1, that exhibit increased chromatin activity in primary met. Loss of PREX1 in primary met osteosarcoma cells significantly diminishes osteosarcoma proliferation, invasion, migration, and colony formation capacity. Differential chromatin activity in primary met is associated with genes regulating cytoskeleton organization, cellular adhesion, and extracellular matrix, suggesting their role in facilitating osteosarcoma metastasis. Chromatin profiling of tumors from metastatic lung lesions shows increased chromatin activity in genes involved in cell migration and Wnt pathway. These data demonstrate that metastatic potential is intrinsically present in primary met tumors, with cellular chromatin profiles further adapting for successful dissemination, migration, and colonization at the distal site.
Implications: Our study demonstrates that metastatic potential is intrinsic to primary metastatic osteosarcoma tumors, with chromatin profiles further adapting for successful dissemination, migration, and colonization at the distal metastatic site.
Unveiling the genetic diversity of bicolored-spined porcupines (Rodentia: Erethizontidae): a novel karyotype, population structuring, and evolutionary insights
Authors: Cardoso Maria Julia Cunha , Lazar Ana , Povill Cintia , Bonvicino Cibele Rodrigues 
Published: June 2024

New World porcupines are rodents belonging to the Erethizontidae family which is divided into two subfamilies: Chaetomyinae, represented by the genus Chaetomys, and Erethizontinae, which includes the genera Erethizon and Coendou. Within this family, the taxonomy of Coendou has proven to be particularly complex and challenging. It remains one of the most neglected among New World mammals, and the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of some taxa are still controversial. In this study, we assessed the diversity of Coendou bicolor using the mitochondrial cytochrome b marker and described the chromosome complement of this species for the first time, increasing the knowledge about this taxon. Notably, the karyotype we described for C. bicolor differs from the six karyotypes reported for other species within this genus. Our findings align with previous research, confirming the separation of the three Coendou subgenera into distinct monophyletic clades. The median joining analysis supports these phylogenetic relationships and suggested a population structure in C. bicolor populations, apparently related to the rivers. Samples from northern Peru are separated from the remaining population by the Ucayali River (a tributary of the Amazonas River), while samples from southern Peru and Brazil are separated from Bolivian samples by the Madre de Dios/Beni rivers. These data highlight the potential role of these rivers as geographic barriers, contributing to the genetic differentiation of C. bicolor populations. Our study provides valuable insights into karyotype and genetic diversity of C. bicolor populations, enriching our understanding of this species.
Molecular Changes Implicate Angiogenesis and Arterial Remodeling in Systemic Sclerosis–Associated and Idiopathic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zhou Yuechen , Tabib Tracy , Huang Mengqi , Yuan Ke , Kim Yunhye , Morse Christina , Sembrat John , Valenzi Eleanor , Lafyatis Robert 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and a leading cause of mortality among patients with this disease. PH can also occur as an idiopathic condition (idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension). Investigation of transcriptomic alterations in vascular populations is critical to elucidating cellular mechanisms underlying pathobiology of SSc-associated and idiopathic PH.

METHODS:
We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing profiles of endothelial and perivascular mesenchymal populations from explanted lung tissue of patients with SSc-associated PH (n=16), idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=3), and healthy controls (n=15). Findings were validated by immunofluorescence staining of explanted human lung tissue.

RESULTS:

Three disease-associated endothelial populations emerged. Two angiogenic endothelial cell (EC) subtypes markedly expanded in SSc-associated PH lungs: tip ECs expressing canonical tip markers
PGF
and
APLN
and phalanx ECs expressing genes associated with vascular development, endothelial barrier integrity, and Notch signaling. Gene regulatory network analysis suggested enrichment of Smad1 (SMAD family member 1) and PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ) regulon activities in these 2 populations, respectively. Mapping of potential ligand-receptor interactions highlighted Notch, apelin-APJ (apelin receptor), and angiopoietin-Tie (tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1) signaling pathways between angiogenic ECs and perivascular cells. Transitional cells, expressing both endothelial and pericyte/smooth muscle cell markers, provided evidence for the presence of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Transcriptional programs associated with arterial endothelial dysfunction implicated VEGF-A (vascular endothelial growth factor-A), TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor beta-1), angiotensin, and TNFSF12 (tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12)/TWEAK (TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis) in the injury/remodeling phenotype of PH arterial ECs.

CONCLUSIONS:
These data provide high-resolution insights into the complexity and plasticity of the pulmonary endothelium in SSc-associated PH and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and provide direct molecular insights into soluble mediators and transcription factors driving PH vasculopathy.
Comparing Management Strategies in Patients With Clot-in-Transit
Authors: Zhang Robert S. , Yuriditsky Eugene , Zhang Peter , Elbaum Lindsay , Bailey Eric , Maqsood Muhammad H. , Postelnicu Radu , Amoroso Nancy E. , Maldonado Thomas S. , Saric Muhamed , Alviar Carlos L. , Horowitz James M. , Bangalore Sripal 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Clot-in-transit is associated with high mortality, but optimal management strategies remain uncertain. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of different treatment strategies in patients with clot-in-transit.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of patients with documented clot-in-transit in the right heart on echocardiography across 2 institutions between January 2020 and October 2023. The primary outcome was a composite of in-hospital mortality, resuscitated cardiac arrest, or hemodynamic decompensation.

RESULTS:

Among 35 patients included in the study, 10 patients (28.6%) received anticoagulation alone and 2 patients (5.7%) received systemic thrombolysis, while 23 patients (65.7%) underwent catheter-based therapy (CBT; 22 mechanical thrombectomy and 1 catheter-directed thrombolysis). Over a median follow-up of 30 days, 9 patients (25.7%) experienced the primary composite outcome. Compared with anticoagulation alone, patients who received CBT or systemic thrombolysis had significantly lower rates of the primary composite outcome (12% versus 60%; log-rank
P
<0.001; hazard ratio, 0.13 [95% CI, 0.03–0.54];
P
=0.005) including a lower rate of death (8% versus 50%; hazard ratio, 0.10 [95% CI, 0.02–0.55];
P
=0.008), resuscitated cardiac arrest (4% versus 30%; hazard ratio, 0.12 [95% CI, 0.01–1.15];
P
=0.067), or hemodynamic deterioration (4% versus 30%; hazard ratio, 0.12 [95% CI, 0.01–1.15];
P
=0.067).

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study of CBT in patients with clot-in-transit, CBT or systemic thrombolysis was associated with a significantly lower rate of adverse clinical outcomes, including a lower rate of death compared with anticoagulation alone driven by the CBT group. CBT has the potential to improve outcomes. Further large-scale studies are needed to test these associations.
Overweight in Adolescence and Young Adulthood in Association With Adult Cerebrovascular Disease: The NFBC1966 Study
Authors: Mikkola Ursula , Rissanen Ina , Kivelä Milja , Rusanen Harri , Kajantie Eero , Miettunen Jouko , Paananen Markus 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
Risk factors for cerebrovascular disease in adulthood are well known. However, research on individuals’ risk factors throughout their life span has been limited. This prospective cohort study aims to determine the effect of body mass index (BMI) and its changes in adolescence and young adulthood on early onset cerebrovascular disease.

METHODS:
This study includes 10 491 people (5185 women) from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Height, weight, and BMI were measured at ages 14 and 31 years. Sex- and age-specific BMI ranges were used to define overweight and obesity. Data on ischemic and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular diseases between ages 14 and 54 years were extracted from national hospital and death registers. Cox proportion hazard models (95% CI) were used to estimate associations between BMI or its changes and cerebrovascular disease, while adjusting for sex, smoking, educational level, BMI at the other time point, and age at menarche for women. Additionally, sex-BMI interactions were calculated.

RESULTS:
A total of 452 individuals (4.7%) experienced cerebrovascular disease during the follow-up. The risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease was increased for overweight women at ages 14 years (hazard ratio [HR], 2.49 [95% CI, 1.44–4.31]) and 31 years (HR, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.14–3.97]), as well as for obese women at ages 14 years (HR, 1.87 [95% CI, 0.76–4.58) and 31 years (HR, 2.67 [95% CI, 1.26–5.65]), with normal weight as the reference. These results were independent of earlier or later BMI. Similar associations were not found among men. The risk of hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease was increased at age 31 years both among obese women (HR, 3.49 [95% CI, 1.13–10.7) and obese men (HR, 5.75 [95% CI, 1.43–23.1). The risk of any cerebrovascular disease related to overweight at age 14 years was 2.09× higher among girls than boys (95% CI, 1.06–4.15). The risk of ischemic cerebrovascular disease related to obesity at age 31 years was 6.96× higher among women than men (95% CI, 1.36–35.7).

CONCLUSIONS:
Among women, being overweight in adolescence or young adulthood increases the risk of cerebrovascular disease, especially ischemic, independent of their earlier or later BMI.
International Criminal Justice Data in Bangladesh: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hossain Mohammad Pizuar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bangladesh gained its independence from Pakistan in 1971 after a nine-month long war. The Pakistani military and local collaborators carried out brutal operations on Bangladeshi civilians during the period of 25 March to 16 December 1971, which caused genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. This scoping review synthesises the data related to laws, policies, institutions, and culture of Bangladesh surrounding victims, their families, and perpetrators of the aforesaid crimes. Bangladesh faced questions in prosecuting the local collaborators of the Pakistani military at the domestic tribunal, whilst Pakistani war criminals have not yet been tried, and there is still no international consensus on recognising the genocide. On the other hand, the lack of an internationalised judicial response further indicates that no sincere effort has been made to establish a global post-conflict resolution that transcends the regional parties involved in this matter.
Homeschooling among Urban Chinese Protestants: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Yang Shuqin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
As individualized education increases in popularity, homeschooling likewise garners more attention from Chinese middle-class families. Over the past decade, the number of families choosing homeschooling has increased annually. However, most homeschooling Chinese Protestants wish to focus on the cultivation of beliefs, character, and values in the education of their children. In their eyes, homeschooling provides the best way to transmit cultural heritage.
Homeschooling brings with it many challenges and difficulties in the daily lives of Chinese Protestants: cross-pressure from traditional Chinese culture systems, opposition from parents and other family members, conflicts with mainstream educational institutions, and power struggles with Chinese secular authorities. Moreover, educational resources, guides, and materials for Chinese homeschooling families are scarce, thus leaving homeschooling families to grope in the dark. The biggest deterrent to them is the disqualification of their children from taking college entrance examinations because homeschooled children lack the requisite status to enroll as official students. Thus, the role conflicts among Chinese, Christian, pariah, and legal deviant statuses pose considerable tensions for parents and children.
This paper offers insight into these issues through qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with 50 respondents from urban Chinese Protestant families that had previously been screened through a brief survey instrument.