bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the PHR-centered regulatory network orchestrating the phosphate starvation signaling in Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata)
Authors: Xu Huiming , Deng Lichuan , Zhou Xu , Xing Yifan , Li Guolong , Chen Yu , Huang Yu , Ma Xiangqing , Liu Zhong-Jian , Li Ming , Ma Liuyin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an essential mineral element for plant growth and is absorbed and utilized in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi). However, Pi deficiency largely restricts plant growth in forest ecosystems, while the molecular mechanism of Pi deficiency in woody plants remains unclear. Here, we show that PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE (PHRs) were central regulators of Pi starvation signaling in Chinese fir, a gymnosperm woody plant. Pi deficiency repressed the shoot growth by decreasing the net photosynthesis rate, reducing the size and number of needle leaves, suppressing the plant height, and reducing the biomass accumulation of shoots in Chinese fir seedlings. Thirteen Chinese fir PHRs (ClPHRs) were characterized, which evolved differently from model and angiosperm woody plants. ClPHRs did not respond to Pi deficiency at the transcriptional level, whereas three ClPHRs responded to Pi deficiency by increasing the nuclear/cytoplasmic protein abundance ratio. Four ClPHRs can restore Pi starvation signaling by activating transcription ofAtPHT1;1andAtPHT1;4in theatphr1mutant. Notably, ClPHR7, which is evolutionarily distinct from AtPHR1, was the only ClPHR that could respond to Pi deficiency and restore Pi starvation signals. ClPHR7 could also interact with SPX through protein-protein interaction analysis. Thus, the SPX-PHR regulatory module was also present in gymnosperm woody plants, but the exactly responsible proteins were evolutionarily different from those of model plants. In summary, our results revealed the function of the SPX-PHR regulatory module in Pi starvation signaling and provided genetic information for engineered woody plants with high Pi use efficiency.
The impact of Agri-Environment Schemes (AES) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) on the density of European brown hare (Lepus europaeus) populations in Hungary
Authors: Ujhegyi Nikolett , Biró Zsolt , Bókony Veronika , Keller Norbert , Katona Krisztián , Heltai Miklós , Csányi Sándor , Szemethy László 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMost Lepus species can easily adapt to new or changing environments. Until the 1960s, the brown hare estimated stock in Hungary went above 1,200,000 specimens. But also in Hungary and across Europe, hare densities have decreased in the past few decades. The primary cause of declining hare populations is habitat alteration in agricultural landscapes caused by the intensification of agricultural practices. Because the well-being and herd size of small game species, such as the hare, are strongly influenced by the ecological environment, following in their population characteristics can be used as an indicator of habitat quality, with the results being used not only in wildlife management, but also in nature conservation and agricultural greening programs. Our goal is to compare the size of the hare game management to the efficiency of the agricultural support system, vegetation types, and the quantity of red fox, all of which can have an impact on the hare’s density.In a large-scale survey we found that the estimated hare density index decreased year after year. There were no more animals discovered in the "better areas" overall. According to the model, if the game management units contained a large proportion of AKG arable land, the expected hare density would rise. Similarly, if the region had a high proportion of AKG fields but a low or average fox harvest rate, the hare population would be unable to grow. Animal density decreased slightly, albeit in a trend, as the number of AKG lawns increased. Hare distribution has shrunk over time, especially in areas with a high percentage of suitable habitat. The hare harvest density remained constant year after year in VGEs with a higher proportion of AKG grassland. The fox’s declining rate had no effect on the increase in harvest density. Overall, it appears from a national spatial scale study that even in less good areas, the support could not improve the habitat because its effect did not depend on the proportion of good areas, i.e. even in the case of VGEs with a small proportion of good areas, it could not add much to the hare population density a lot of AKG. Cattle pasture comprised a significant portion of the AKG grasslands. Because the effect of intensively grazed regions on hares is clearly negative due to excessively short grass, the high standard deviation values observed in high proportion AKG grasslands may be explained by this.
Quantifying the genomic determinants of fitness inE. coliST131 using phylodynamics
Authors: Kepler Lenora M. , Jara Manuel , Mahmud Bejan , Dantas Gautam , Dubberke Erik R. , Lanzas Cristina , Rasmussen David A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAntimicrobial resistant pathogens such asEscherichia colisequence type 131 (ST131) pose a serious threat to public health globally. In the United States, ST131 acquired multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and rapidly grew to its current high prevalence in healthcare settings. Notably, this coincided with the introduction and widespread use of antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, suggesting AMR as the major driver of ST131’s expansion. Yet, within ST131, there remains considerable diversity between strains in resistance profiles and their repertoires of virulence factors, stress factors, plasmids, and other accessory elements. Understanding which genomic features contribute to ST131’s competitive advantage and their relative effects on population-level fitness therefore poses a considerable challenge. Here we use phylodynamic birth-death models to estimate the relative fitness of different ST131 lineages from bacterial phylogenies. By extending these phylodynamic methods to allow multiple genomic features to shape bacterial fitness, we further quantify the relative contribution of individual AMR genes to ST131’s fitness. Our analysis indicates that while many genomic elements, including various AMR genes, virulence factors, and plasmids, have all contributed substantially to ST131’s rapid growth, major increases in ST131’s fitness are largely attributable to mutations in gyrase A that confer resistance to fluoroquinolones.Author summaryST131 is a pandemic lineage ofE. colithat has spread globally and is now responsible for a large percentage of blood and urinary tract infections that cannot be treated with many common antibiotics. While antibiotic resistance has undoubtedly given ST131 a competitive edge, the relative importance of resistance compared with other factors shaping a pathogen’s growth or transmission potential (i.e. fitness) is often difficult to measure in natural settings. Here, we present a method that allows us to look at the entire spectrum of factors determining a pathogen’s fitness and estimate the individual contribution of each component to pathogen’s overall fitness. Our results suggest that resistance to fluoroquinolones, a widely used class of antibiotics, provides ST131 with a disproportionately large fitness advantage relative to many other factors with more moderate fitness effects. Understanding what determines the fitness of ST131 therefore provides insights that can be used to curb the spread of resistance and monitor for emerging lineages with high pandemic potential due to shared fitness enhancing attributes.
Hormone circuit analysis explains why most HPA drugs fail for mood disorders and predicts the few that work
Authors: Milo Tomer , Halber Shiraz Nir , Raz Moriya , Mayo Avi , Alon Uri 
Published: June 2024

AbstractElevated cortisol causes morbidity in chronic stress and mood disorders, including metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. There is therefore interest in developing drugs that lower cortisol by targeting its endocrine pathway, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Several promising HPA-modulating drugs have, however, failed to lower long-term cortisol in mood disorders such as major depressive disorder despite their effectiveness in situations where high cortisol is caused by a tumor (Cushing’s syndrome). Why these drugs failed is not well understood. Here we use a mathematical model of the HPA axis to show that the pituitary and the adrenal glands compensate for the effect of drugs by adjusting their functional mass, a feedback compensation that is absent in Cushing tumors. To find potential drug targets, we carried out a systematicin silicoanalysis of points of intervention in the HPA axis. We find that only two interventions that target corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) can lower long-term cortisol. Other drug targets either fail to lower cortisol due to gland-mass compensation or lower cortisol but harm other aspects of the HPA axis. Thus, we identify potential drug targets, including CRH-neutralizing antibodies and CRH-synthesis inhibitors, for lowering long-term cortisol in mood disorders and in those suffering from chronic stress. More generally, this study indicates that understanding the slow compensatory mechanisms in endocrine axes can be crucial in order to prioritize drug targets.
Nonfactorizable charming-loop contribution to FCNC
Bs→γl+l−
decay
Authors: Belov Ilia , Berezhnoy Alexander , Melikhov Dmitri 
Published: June 2024

We present the first theoretical calculation of nonfactorizable charm-quark loop contributions to the Bs→γl+l− amplitude. We calculate the relevant form factors, HA,VNF(k′2,k2), and provide convenient parametrizations of our results in the form of fit functions of two variables, k′2 and k2, applicable in the region below hadron resonances, k′2<MJ/ψ2 and k2<Mϕ2. We report that factorizable and nonfactorizable charm contributions to the Bs→γl+l− amplitude have opposite signs. To compare the charm and the top contributions, it is convenient to express nonfactorizable charming loop contribution as a nonuniversal (i.e., dependent on the reaction) q2-dependent correction ΔNFC7(q2) to the Wilson coefficient C7. For the Bs→γl+l− amplitude, the correction is found to be positive, ΔNFC7(q2)/C7>0.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Scalar and Tensor Charmonium Resonances in Coupled-Channel Scattering from Lattice QCD
Authors: Wilson David J. , Thomas Christopher E. , Dudek Jozef J. , Edwards Robert G. ,   for the Hadron Spectrum Collaboration
Published: June 2024

We determine JPC=0++ and 2++ hadron-hadron scattering amplitudes in the charmonium energy region up to 4100 MeV using lattice QCD, a first-principles approach to QCD. Working at mπ≈391  MeV, more than 200 finite-volume energy levels are computed and these are used in extensions of the Lüscher formalism to determine infinite-volume coupled-channel scattering amplitudes. We find that this energy region contains a single χc0 and a single χc2 resonance. Both are found as pole singularities on the closest unphysical Riemann sheet, just below 4000 MeV with widths around 70 MeV. The largest couplings are to kinematically closed D*D¯* channels in S-wave, and couplings to several decay channels consisting of pairs of open-charm mesons are found to be large and significant in both cases. Above the ground state χc0, no other scalar bound states or near-DD¯ threshold resonances are found, in contrast to several theoretical and experimental studies.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Merged-Beams Study of the Reaction of Cold
HD+
with C Atoms Reveals a Pronounced Intramolecular Kinetic Isotope Effect
Authors: Grussie Florian , Berger Lukas , Grieser Manfred , Kálosi Ábel , Müll Damian , Novotný Oldřich , Znotins Aigars , Dayou Fabrice , Urbain Xavier , Kreckel Holger 
Published: June 2024

We present a merged-beams study of reactions between HD+ ions, stored in the Cryogenic Storage Ring (CSR), and laser-produced ground-term C atoms. The molecular ions are stored for up to 20 s in the extreme vacuum of the CSR, where they have time to relax radiatively until they reach their vibrational ground state (within 0.5 s of storage) and rotational states with J≤3 (after 5 s). We combine our experimental studies with quasiclassical trajectory calculations based on two reactive potential energy surfaces. In contrast to previous studies with internally excited H2+ and D2+ ions, our results reveal a pronounced isotope effect, favoring the production of CH+ over CD+ across all collision energies, and a significant increase in the absolute rate coefficient of the reaction. Our experimental results agree well with our theoretical calculations for vibrationally relaxed HD+ ions in their lowest rotational states.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
Androgynous
{101¯2}
twin in zinc
Authors: Merkel Sébastien , Hilairet Nadège , Wang Yanbin , Guignard Jérémy , Tomé Carlos N. 
Published: June 2024

Under ambient conditions, Zn is a hexagonal metal with a large c/a ratio of 1.856. Plastic deformation is predominantly accommodated by basal 〈a〉 slip and compression twins on the {101¯2} planes. Increasing hydrostatic pressure drastically reduces the c/a ratio of Zn and, when a critical threshold of c/a=3 at about 10 GPa is crossed, the {101¯2} twins are predicted to change from compressive to tensile in nature. What happens at the transition point, when c/a=3, remains unknown. Here, we strain-cycle a textured polycrystalline sample of pure Zn at uniform hydrostatic pressures ranging between 2 and 17 GPa, over which the c/a ratio crosses the c/a=3 compressive-tensile transition for {101¯2} twins. During deformation, the state of the sample is monitored through x-ray diffraction to extract texture and internal strain evolution. By comparing the experimental results with the predictions of an elastoviscoplastic polycrystal simulation, we confirm the androgynous nature of {101¯2} twin response at low and high pressures. When c/a=3, polycrystalline Zn does not display any evidence of twinning and its plastic behavior is controlled by mostly basal and pyramidal 〈c+a〉 slip activity, with a very small contribution of prismatic 〈a〉 slip. Evidence for the activity of other {101¯n} twinning modes, which have been suggested for Zn under high pressure, are not observed.

Published by the American Physical Society
2024
PYP4Training: designing digital games for business process training
Authors: Lopes Tatiane Neves , Araujo Renata Mendes de , Classe Tadeu Moreira de , Sant'Anna Flávio dos Santos 
Published: June 2024

PurposeBusiness process training is a crucial activity in the business process management lifecycle, performed whenever an organization needs to train workers about how to carry out their activities according to defined processes, after significant process changes, or whenever new workers come on board. Due to their motivational character, serious games have been understood as an unconventional alternative to support training in organizational processes. Still, methodologies to design serious digital games specifically for business process training are missing in the literature. This research paper presents a method – Play Your Process for Training (PYP4Training) – for designing digital games for business process training.Design/methodology/approachThe research is guided by design science research methodologies and comprises the adaptation of Play Your Process (PYP), a method for designing business process-based digital games (BPBDG). PYP activities and supporting tools were shaped to cope with the specific requirements of BPBDG design for process training purposes, bringing to light a new method: PYP4Training.FindingsPYP4Training was evaluated by designing a BPBDG for training a heavy equipment maintenance process in a multinational mining company. The game was evaluated by process owners and actors who reported a positive perception of the game as an option for process training. However, there is still space for improving trainees' engagement.Originality/valueThe research proposes an innovative way for business process training using digital games. Nevertheless, literature shows a lack of systematic procedures to build such games and results about their use.
Learning before, during and after entrepreneurial failure
Authors: Costa Paula L. , Ferreira João J.M. , Torres de Oliveira Rui 
Published: June 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine entrepreneurs’ learning before, during and after entrepreneurial failure and understand the relationship between learning and recovery from failure.Design/methodology/approach A qualitative multiple case study was carried out based on entrepreneur interviews who have experienced the failure of their businesses.Findings The study finds that entrepreneurs learn both during the company’s lifespan and post-failure, with distinct types and intensities of learning at different life cycle phases. It highlights the link between learning and emotions during the failure process, revealing entrepreneurs’ limited awareness of their knowledge gaps, particularly during successful business phases, and shows the difference between women and men.Research limitations/implications One limitation of this study is that the companies are all located in northern and central Portugal, and the number of entrepreneurs starting new ventures post-failure is limited. Another is a lack of comprehensive measurement of the economic impact, especially on the health of individuals who have experienced the impact of failure. The absence of concrete data hampers understanding and the development of targeted support mechanisms for these individuals.Originality/value This study stands out for its unique approach, thoroughly exploring the intricate, profound and significant experiences during a crisis, such as a business failure, from the entrepreneurs’ perspective. It delves into their learning processes before, during and after the failure, providing a comprehensive understanding. This study evidence that significant learning occurs during the operation of the business, and not during or after failure, due to the limitations imposed by the pain and disorientation it causes. Therefore, if recovery does not occur, learning does not happen either. It also highlights the differences between women and men in their learning experiences, adding a new dimension to the research.
Improved drinking water, healthier children? Evidence from Pakistan
Authors: Javed Rashid , Mughal Mazhar 
Published: June 2024

Purpose One of the United Nations’ sustainable development goals is to ensure the availability of improved drinking water for everyone. In this study, we examine the association between access to improved drinking water at the district level and child nutritional outcomes in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approach We employ district-level unbalanced panel data from Pakistan from various rounds of Pakistan Social and Living Standards Measurement Surveys and Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys compiled by the Data4Pakistan, Pakistan District Development Portal. We examine the impact of the percentage of the population in a given district with access to clean drinking water on the percentage of stunted, underweight and wasted children in the district. The analysis proceeds in two steps. In the first step, we explore the spatial distribution of improved drinking water coverage and child development outcomes across districts. In the second step, we study their relationship by employing standard panel estimation methods and controlling for district characteristics.Findings The spatial analysis reveals the large disparity among districts and provinces in terms of improved drinking water coverage and child nutrition. The estimation results indicate that there is a significant association between the accessibility of improved drinking water and child development outcomes. The effect is significant for child stunting and underweight but not for child wasting. The impact appears to be stronger in rural districts. These findings are robust to alternate empirical strategies.Originality/value This is the first such study to examine the provision of improved drinking water at the district level in relation to child developmental outcomes in a developing country context.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-09-2023-0739
Influence of multisource errors of oil film contact surface on motion accuracy of hydrostatic guideway
Authors: He Xiangbo , Liang Xiaosheng , Li Ruirui , Zhang Kai , Chen Wenchuan , Peng Yunfeng 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the impact of multisource deformation errors on the oil film contact surface, which arise from manufacturing, assembly, oil pressure and thermal influences, on the motion accuracy of hydrostatic guideway.

Design/methodology/approach
Using thermal-structural coupling simulations, this research investigates the effects of assembly, oil pressure and thermal factors on deformation errors of the oil film contact surface. By integrating these with manufacturing errors, a profile error model for the oil film contact surface is developed, characterizing the cumulative effect of these errors. Using kinematic theory and progressive Mengen flow controller characteristics, the motion error at any position of the hydrostatic guideway is quantified, examining how surface error traits impact motion accuracy.

Findings
The error averaging effect is affected by the profile error of oil film contact surface. Meanwhile, the motion accuracy of hydrostatic guideway is highly sensitive to the oil film contact surface error amplitude.

Originality/value
This approach allows for precise prediction and analysis of motion accuracy in hydrostatic guideways during the design and manufacturing stages. It also provides guidance for planning process tolerances.

Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-03-2024-0063/
Preparation and properties of FeS/iron-based self-lubricating materials by chemical nickel plating-mechanical alloying
Authors: Zheng Haifei , Yin Yanguo , Li Rongrong , Liu Cong , Chen Qi 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the effect of chemical nickel plating and mechanical alloying on the mechanical and tribological properties of FeS/iron-based self-lubricating materials as well as the wear mechanism of the materials.

Design/methodology/approach
Surface modification of FeS powder was carried out by chemical nickel plating method and mechanical alloying of mixed powder by ball milling. The mechanical properties of the material were tested by tribological testing by M-200 ring block type friction and wear tester. Optical microscope was used to observe the surface morphology of the material and the transfer film on the surface of the mate parts, and scanning electron microscope and EDS were used to characterize the wear surface.

Findings
Mechanical alloying ball milling was carried out so that the lubricating particles in the matrix are uniformly dispersed; nickel-plated layer enhances the interfacial bonding of FeS and the matrix, and the combination of the two improves the mechanical properties of the material, and at the same time the friction side of the surface of the lubrication of FeS lubricant transfer film formed is denser and more intact, and the friction coefficient of friction side and the wear rate of the material have been greatly reduced.

Originality/value
This work aims to improve the mechanical and tribological properties of FeS/iron-based self-lubricating materials and to provide a reference for the preparation of materials with excellent overall properties.