bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The faster the increase in renewable energy use, the faster the decrease in carbon emissions?
Authors: Akan Taner , Işık Ali Haydar , Gündüz Halil İbrahim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe annual average near-surface global temperature will temporarily exceed 1.5 °C between 2023 and 2027. If this level is irrevocably exceeded, the functions of marine biodiversity, fisheries, and ecosystems may no longer be maintained. In light of this fact, this paper examines whether a shock-like (rapid and substantial) increase in the proportion of renewable energy sources could result in a precipitous reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. In order to accomplish this, the paper analyzes the magnitude and direction of the asymmetric and symmetric impacts of renewables on CO2 emissions, which represent shock-like and ordinary changes, respectively. Second, the paper examines whether there is a functional complementarity between major renewables in reducing CO2 emissions, and whether this complementarity increases when renewables experience asymmetric shocks. The conclusion of the paper is that the negative impact of renewables on CO2 emissions either (i) remains unchanged when they experience asymmetric shocks or (ii) increases by 60–260 percent or 100 percent, respectively, when they experience these shocks simultaneously or separately, respectively. The paper makes two recommendations to prevent the persistent exceeding of 1.5 °C. First, policymakers should intensify their efforts to rapidly and substantially increase renewable energy consumption in total. Second, they should accomplish this increase in all renewable sources in a balanced fashion so as to maximize their carbon-reduction effects by functionalizing their green complementarities.
An automatic inspection system for the detection of tire surface defects and their severity classification through a two-stage multimodal deep learning approach
Authors: Mignot Thomas , Ponchon François , Derville Alexandre , Duffner Stefan , Garcia Christophe 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the tire manufacturing field, the pursuit of uncompromised product quality stands as a cornerstone. This paper introduces an innovative multimodal approach aimed at automating the tire quality control process through the use of deep learning on data obtained from stereo-photometric cameras meticulously integrated into a purpose-built, sophisticated tire acquisition system capable of comprehensive data capture across all tire zones. The defects sought exhibit significant variations in size (ranging from a few millimeters to several tens of centimeters) and type (including abnormal stains during processing, marks resulting from demolding issues, foreign particles, air bubbles, deformations, etc.). Our proposed methodology comprises two distinct stages: an initial instance segmentation phase for defect detection and localization, followed by a classification stage based on severity levels, integrating features extracted from the detection network of the first stage alongside tire metadata. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed approach achieves automation objectives, attaining satisfactory results in terms of defect detection and classification according to severity, with a F1 score between 0.7 and 0.89 depending on the tire zone. In addition, this study presents a novel method applicable to all tire areas, addressing a wide variety of defects within the domain.
Degenerate Pile-up Correction in Pulse Height Spectra from Gamma-ray Spectrometers
Authors: Marcer Giulia , Dal Molin Andrea , Rebai Marica , Rigamonti Davide , Tardocchi Marco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOne of the primary obstacles faced by spectrometers operating under high counting rates is pile-up, which occurs when two or more events are detected within a timelapse short enough to result in a superposition of the events waveforms. These can not hence be integrated separately in order to get their amplitudes. Piled-up events are typically identified using pile-up rejection or recovery algorithms. In the latter case, the constituent single waveforms and their amplitudes are also restored. However, there are instances in which the pulses overlap so closely that it is impossible to identify the occurrence of pile-up, resulting in the integration of these pulses into a single spurious event. This phenomenon is known as degenerate pile-up. A method to rectify the incorrect reconstruction of degenerate pile-up was developed, based on a statistical approach, which can be directly applied to the pulse height spectra distributions. The approach was tested on a number of synthetic spectra, with counting rates ranging from 20 kHz up to 1 MHz. The recovered spectra were compared to those purely analysed with a pile-up recovery algorithm, demonstrating an improvement of the reconstructed spectrum of several tens of percent when compared to the true synthetic counterpart.
Applications of Superconductor–Normal Metal Interfaces
Authors: Lemziakov S. A. , Karimi B. , Nakamura S. , Lvov D. S. , Upadhyay R. , Satrya C. D. , Chen Z.-Y. , Subero D. , Chang Y.-C. , Wang L. B. , Pekola J. P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe importance and non-trivial properties of superconductor normal metal interfaces were discovered by Alexander Fyodorovich Andreev more than 60 years ago. Only much later, these hybrids have found wide interest in applications such as thermometry and refrigeration, electrical metrology, and quantum circuit engineering. Here we discuss the central properties of such interfaces and describe some of the most prominent and recent applications of them.
Fused lasso nearly-isotonic signal approximation in general dimensions
Authors: Pastukhov Vladimir 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce and study fused lasso nearly-isotonic signal approximation, which is a combination of fused lasso and generalized nearly-isotonic regression. We show how these three estimators relate to each other and derive solution to a general problem. Our estimator is computationally feasible and provides a trade-off between monotonicity, block sparsity, and goodness-of-fit. Next, we prove that fusion and near-isotonisation in a one-dimensional case can be applied interchangably, and this step-wise procedure gives the solution to the original optimization problem. This property of the estimator is very important, because it provides a direct way to construct a path solution when one of the penalization parameters is fixed. Also, we derive an unbiased estimator of degrees of freedom of the estimator.
Die Nutzung von Textvignetten zur Unterstützung der Selbstwirksamkeitsentwicklung von Lehramtsstudierenden. Eine quasiexperimentelle Studie unter Berücksichtigung der Emotionen Freude und Ärger
Authors: Wagner Simon , Krauskopf Karsten , Knigge Michel 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungDie berufsbezogene Selbstwirksamkeit von Lehrkräften wird als wesentliche Grundlage zur Gestaltung erfolgreicher Lehr-Lernprozesse angesehen und ist als Ressource in der Bewältigung pädagogisch herausfordernder Situationen im Unterricht äußerst bedeutsam. In der Literatur finden sich sowohl theoretische als auch empirische Hinweise für die Annahme, dass die Selbstwirksamkeitsentwicklung angehender Lehrkräfte durch stellvertretende Erfahrungen und durch emotionale Erlebenszustände reguliert wird. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht in einem quasi-experimentellen Prä-Post Kontrollgruppendesign, inwiefern der Einsatz von Textvignetten als stellvertretende Erfahrung die Selbstwirksamkeitsentwicklung beeinflusst und in welchem Zusammenhang die Emotionen Freude und Ärger mit der Selbstwirksamkeitsentwicklung stehen. Die Grundlage der Studie bildet eine Stichprobe von 60 Lehramtsstudierenden. In der Interventionsgruppe (n = 43) wurden zwei Textvignetten in Form eines masterly und eines coping models bereitgestellt, in der Kontrollgruppe (n = 17) wurden bei sonst analogem Aufbau der Seminarsitzungen stattdessen akademische Fachtexte eingesetzt. Im Ergebnis wiesen Studierende der Interventionsgruppe, nachdem sie mit dem coping model gearbeitet hatten, einen höheren Anstieg in ihrer Selbstwirksamkeit auf als die Kontrollgruppe. Darüber hinaus zeigten autoregressive Regressionsmodellierungen Zusammenhänge zwischen Freudeerleben am Seminarende und einer Zunahme der Selbstwirksamkeit sowie Ärgererleben und einer Abnahme der Selbstwirksamkeit. Zusammenfassend wird die Relevanz der Ergebnisse für die Lehrkräftebildung diskutiert.
Resilience and psychological distress in the transition to university: the mediating role of emotion regulation
Authors: Mastrokoukou Sofia , Lin Shanyan , Longobardi Claudio , Berchiatti Martina , Bozzato Paolo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractYoung adults face numerous challenges during their first year of university, which is considered by various researchers to be a time of potential threat and acute stress. These challenges were exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, which has resulted in disruption of old learning and social structures that make it all the more difficult to adapt. The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between resilience, emotion regulation, and psychological distress during the transition to university. A sample of 417 students (250 females, 60%) aged 18to 33 years (Mage = 19.87, SDage = 1.47) was recruited at an Italian university using a random sampling method. Paper questionnaires were completed in classrooms. Resilience was assessed with the Resilience Scale, emotion regulation with the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-18, and psychological distress with the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scales-21. Results showed that (a) resilience was negatively correlated with difficulties in emotion regulation, depression, anxiety, and stress; (b) difficulties in emotion regulation were positively correlated with depression, anxiety, and stress; and (c) difficulties in emotion regulation significantly mediated the relationship between resilience and psychological distress. These findings shed light on the relationship between resilience and difficulties in emotion regulation during university transfer and call on higher education institutions to take steps to promote successful emotion regulation in first-year students to facilitate a positive transition to university.
Help Me If You Can I’m Feeling Down: Supporting Children’s Emotion Regulation and Well-Being in the Primary Classroom
Authors: Somerville Matthew P. , Midouhas Emily , Delprato Marcos , Whitebread David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChildren living in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities face distinct stressors when compared to those from more advantaged backgrounds. Research indicates higher levels of child well-being may buffer against the negative effects of stress and adversities, with supportive teacher behaviors playing a key role in promoting well-being. However, the mechanisms underlying these connections remain unclear. Extending past research linking teacher behaviours and well-being, the present study included emotion regulation as a potential candidate mechanism that might account for these connections. Questionnaire data were collected from 508 pupils (265 female, Mage = 9.9) in 31 classrooms across 8 primary schools in low-socioeconomic neighbourhoods of New Zealand. Utilising multilevel modelling the study found that teacher support significantly predicted emotion regulation and well-being, and that teacher support indirectly predicted well-being through emotion regulation. Both emotion regulation and teacher behaviours are amenable to intervention; thus, a better understanding of how they work together to predict well-being is likely to inform future intervention efforts to promote children’s well-being.
Losing Tidal Flats at the Midpoint of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway over the past 100 Years
Authors: Chen Wan-Jyun , Chang An-Yu , Lin Chia-Chi , Lin Ruey-Shing , Lin Da-Li , Lee Pei-Fen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ecosystem services and functions of tidal flats have been overlooked for many decades, and tidal flat loss has been identified as a serious threat to many taxa in recent years, especially for migratory waterbirds. Despite the understanding of tidal flats change on the global scale, there are still a lot of unknowns on the small scale, including tidal flats in Taiwan, which are important stopover sites for migratory waterbirds along the East Asian–Australasian Flyway. Therefore, we collated historic topographic maps, Landsat Archive images between the 1920s and the 2020s to determine the trajectories of tidal flat change along the coastline of Taiwan. Our results show that tidal flat coverage expanded between the 1920s and the 1950s, but lost approximately 266 km2 (58%) between the 1950s and the 2010s. The status of the tidal flats along the western coastline of Taiwan has been identified as “Endangered” based on the criteria of the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems. According to the aims of the Global Biodiversity Framework, we suggest rethinking the land use plans along the coastline to mitigate the tidal flat loss, especially the controversial issues concerning the expansion of green energy infrastructure. To realize the Nature Positive goals by 2030, recovering and restoring the tidal flat ecosystem could be one of the key strategies.
Granuloma Annulare: A Clinical Update
Authors: Kachlik Zofia , Kaczmarek Aleksandra , Grych Konrad , Dorobek Magdalena , Barańska-Rybak Wioletta 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign, inflammatory granulomatous skin condition that can present as localized, disseminated, subcutaneous, perforating and a few other less prevalent subtypes. While GA may manifest as a self-limited condition, its distinctive feature of mimicking other diseases, and difficulties in distinguishing between subtypes, can add complexity to the diagnostic process. This review was conducted to evaluate the latest published studies and outline the options for GA treatment.

Recent Findings
Multiple treatment modalities for GA have been reported, including topical and oral treatment along with many procedures, wherefrom phototherapy remains the most well-studied option. Recently new studies have identified Th1, Th2, and JAK- STAT pathways dysregulation in GA skin lesions, and subsequently, promising effects have been reported with Th1, Th2, and JAK- STAT targeting therapy for GA.

Summary
There is still no gold standard for clinical management of GA. Evidence-based treatment recommendations derived from randomized control trials are scarce, since the majority of published research is confined to case reports, case series, and singular retrospective studies. Therapeutic approach may vary depending on the clinical subtype of GA, necessitating individualization based on patients preferences, possible side effects and risk-benefit ratio.
Neural Reactivity to Social Reward Moderates the Association Between Social Media Use and Momentary Positive Affect in Adolescents
Authors: Politte-Corn Madison , Pegg Samantha , Dickey Lindsay , Kujawa Autumn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPeer relationships take on increasing importance during adolescence, and there has been considerable debate about the effects of social media use on adolescent emotional health. Little work has examined individual differences in brain function that might impact these associations. In this study, we examined the reward positivity (RewP) to social and monetary reward as a moderator of the relation between social media use and concurrent momentary affect in adolescents. Participants were 145 adolescents aged 14–17 (M = 15.23; SD = 1.08; 64.1% female; 71.7% White) at varying risk for depression (47 high-risk based on maternal depression history, 50 low-risk, 48 currently depressed). Measures of social media use, positive affect (PA), and negative affect (NA) were obtained through ecological momentary assessment. In a laboratory session, adolescents completed a computerized peer feedback task and a monetary reward task to elicit the RewP to social and monetary reward feedback. Multilevel models indicated that social media use and a smaller RewP to monetary rewards were associated with lower PA. However, social (but not monetary) reward responsiveness moderated the effect of social media use on momentary PA, such that social media use was associated with lower PA for adolescents with a relatively blunted RewP to peer acceptance, but not for those with an enhanced social RewP. Exploratory analyses indicated that this moderation effect was specific to female adolescents. The results highlight neural reactivity to social reward as a potential factor contributing to variability in the effect of social media use on affective health.
Lateral asymmetry of emotional arousal as a biomarker of attributional style during darts competitions
Authors: Szekely Szabolcs , Szekely Anna , Veres Andras , Kotyuk Eszter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccording to the Multiple Arousal Theory, electrodermal activity (EDA) is not uniform across the body. However, the psychological meaning of a left or right-sided EDA dominance is still not clear. We explored EDA lateral asymmetry as a psychophysiological marker of optimistic and pessimistic attributional style regarding success and failure in a darts competition. Bilateral EDA pattern of 230 throws of a competing pair was measured by Obimon EDA including accelerometer measurements of movements. First, we confirmed that lateral asymmetry can be measured reliably based on EDA data from both wrists. Second, we assessed attributional styles related to lateral asymmetry based on 80 individual throws. We recorded participants’ expectations regarding their upcoming performance, and their attribution of success and failure based on Seligman’s definition as optimist (internal cause attributed to success, or external cause ascribed to failure) or pessimist. The ratio of optimist and pessimist attributions was significantly different for throws with right or left-sided EDA dominance (p = 0.001). Optimistic attribution characterized 84% of right dominant, while pessimist 63% of left-dominant EDA during throws. We replicated these findings on 50 throws from 10 more individuals (p = 0.034). All individuals were right-handed. We conclude that wrist EDA can be reliably measured during physical movements, such as in a darts game. Lateral EDA asymmetry is a consistent psychophysiological marker of the attitude toward success and failure in a competitive setting, suggesting that lateral asymmetry of emotional arousal may serve as a novel psychophysiological biomarker for attribution style. Results underlie the psychophysiological relevance of bilateral arousal assessment and provide evidence-based verification for the Multiple Arousal Theory.
Streamlined Analysis of Maternal Plasma Indicates Small Extracellular Vesicles are Significantly Elevated in Early-Onset Preeclampsia
Authors: Bowman-Gibson Scout , Chandiramani Chandni , Stone Madison L. , Waker Christopher A. , Rackett Traci M. , Maxwell Rose A. , Dhanraj David N. , Brown Thomas L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. While placental dysfunction is a core underlying issue, the pathogenesis of this disorder is thought to differ between early-onset (EOPE) and late-onset (LOPE) subtypes. As recent reports suggest that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) contribute to the development of PE, we have compared systemic sEV concentrations between normotensive, EOPE, and LOPE pregnancies. To circumvent lengthy isolation techniques and intermediate filtration steps, a streamlined approach was developed to evaluate circulating plasma sEVs from maternal plasma. Polymer-based precipitation and purification were used to isolate total systemic circulating maternal sEVs, free from bias toward specific surface marker expression or extensive subpurification. Immediate Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) of freshly isolated sEV samples afforded a comprehensive analysis that can be completed within hours, avoiding confounding freeze–thaw effects of particle aggregation and degradation.Rather than exosomal subpopulations, our findings indicate a significant elevation in the total number of circulating maternal sEVs in patients with EOPE. This streamlined approach also preserves sEV-bound protein and microRNA (miRNA) that can be used for potential biomarker analysis. This study is one of the first to demonstrate that maternal plasma sEVs harbor full-length hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) protein, with EOPE sEVs carrying higher levels of HIF-1α compared to control sEVs. The detection of HIF-1α and its direct signaling partner microRNA-210 (miR-210) within systemic maternal sEVs lays the groundwork for identifying how sEV signaling contributes to the development of preeclampsia. When taken together, our quantitative and qualitative results provide compelling evidence to support the translational potential of streamlined sEV analysis for future use in the clinical management of patients with EOPE.
Optical properties of daily used water in Kathmandu valley
Authors: Koirala Sudhan , Neupane Damodar , Mulmi Deependra Das , Dhobi Saddam Husain 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article comprehensively examines the characteristics of water samples sourced from diverse locations in the Kathmandu Valley, encompassing density, transmittance, absorption coefficient, mass attenuation coefficient, and molecular cross-sectional area (MCA), across varying temperatures. Density variations, within a temperature range of 8 °C to 48 °C, are reported, spanning from 1.17725 to 1.0015 g/cm3. Transmittance increases with wavelength and exhibits temperature-related variations due to differing impurities among sources. The relationship between transmittance and temperature lacks a distinct pattern, influenced by unique source impurities and temperature effects. Moreover, the MCA estimates particles to be approximately 10−24cm2. Additionally, the mass attenuation coefficient consistently decreases with wavelength across all samples. These findings provide a comprehensive insight into the intricate interplay between water properties, impurities, temperature, and radiation interactions in various water sources.
Effect of hot water and corona discharge treatments on the bonding behavior of jute fibers in polyester matrix
Authors: Campomori Jéfferson Barbosa , Hugen Lisiane Nunes , de Andrade Silva Flávio , Toledo Filho Romildo Dias , Guimarães Túlio Caetano , Bufalino Lina , Sanadi Anand Ramesh , Barsberg Soren , Ferreira Saulo Rocha , Tonoli Gustavo Henrique Denzin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe inherent polarity and hydrophilic nature of lignocellulosic fibers and the nonpolar characteristics of polyolefins create challenges in achieving good adhesion between the two materials. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of surface activation of jute fibers on the fiber-matrix interface of a jute fiber-polyester composite. The fibers were pretreated with hot water and exposed to corona discharge for 5 or 10 min. The fibers were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Pullout tests were conducted to evaluate the behavior of jute fibers in the polyester matrix when embedded at 5, 10, 20, and 30 mm depths. The pretreatments did not affect the thermal properties of the fibers; however, they promoted oxidation and increased surface roughness. Hot water pretreatment resulted in partial removal of surface waxes and enhanced bonding. Pullout tests revealed that fibers subjected to hot water immersion, followed by 10 min of corona discharge, exhibited approximately a 34% increase in adhesion strength compared to untreated fibers. It was concluded that corona pretreatment improves fiber-matrix adhesion by activating the surface and increasing the roughness of the fibers.