bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Material Theories
Authors: DeSimone Antonio , Luckhaus Stephan , Truskinovsky Lev 
Published: December 2009

Physical Sciences and, in particular, Mechanics, have always played an important role as a source of inspiration for Mathematics. They have suggested fundamental problems, and stimulated the development of new techniques and tools. Now it is a particularly exciting time for the interaction of Mathematics and Mechanics: experimental developments in Mechanics and Biophysics at nano scales are posing challenging questions and giving new opportunities to Mathematics.
This became very clear at this meeting. A broad spectrum of problems from such diverse fields of applications as biology and biophysics, mechanics of nanostructures, and crystal plasticity was presented.
From theoretical physics, recent concepts and paradigms such as self-organized criticality, and non equilibrium statistical mechanics as applied to living systems were discussed.
Stochastic processes, calculus of variations, and pde's, up to the theory of Boltzmann equation are the mathematical foundations of the recent results presented at the workshop.
A new topic of attention with respect to the glorious tradition of this conference series was the attempt to establish the foundations of engineering theories at the mesoscopic scales from ab-initio calculations (quantum mechanics).
An important aspect of the meeting was also the contribution from experimentalists, from wetting and contact angle hysteresis phenomena, to intermittency in plasticity, to electronic transport in semiconductors.
The success of the workshop was mostly due to the strong interaction among participants, bridging different fields of expertise, particularly in the discussion on classical fields such as dislocation mechanics, plasticity, kinetic theory and even buckling phenomena in structural mechanics. We have witnessed that several participants were coming out of the meeting with new ideas and new research projects to pursue. Many expressed their appreciation for the open-minded spirit with which problems were presented, and for the constructive spirit of the discussions. The atmosphere at the Institute certainly contributed in a decisive way to the success of the Workshop.
Mathematical Logic: Proof Theory, Constructive Mathematics
Authors: Buss Samuel R. , Kohlenbach Ulrich , Schwichtenberg Helmut 
Published: December 2009

The workshop
Mathematical Logic: Proof Theory, Constructive Mathematics
was held April 6-12, 2008 and had the following main aims:

To promote
the interaction of proof theory with core areas of mathematics. This, in particular, refers to uses of proof theoretic techniques (most notably various forms of functional and realizability interpretations) to unwind prima facie ineffective proofs in mathematics. For instance a number of talks presented such applications in the areas of fixed point theory, ergodic theory, topological dynamics and symbolic dynamics resulting in new theorems, surprising to the experts in the respective fields (Avigad, Briseid, Gerhardy, Leuştean, Simpson). Another talk addressed uses of analytic number theory in connection with new unprovability results and phase transitions in provability (Bovykin).

To further develop
new directions in both the foundations as well as applied forms of constructive mathematics. There were a number of talks focusing on new formal frameworks for constructive mathematics and their proof theoretic properties (Aczel, Iemhoff, J. Moschovakis, Palmgren, Streicher), but also new constructive (and partly computer generated) developments in specific areas such as algebra, analysis, combinatorics and quantum theory (Bauer, Delzell, Lombardi, Paule, Spitters).

To explore
further the connections between proof theory and computational complexity (e.g. in connection with the study of systems of so-called bounded arithmetic, Beckmann, Pollett, Thapen). Another topic in this area was the study of implicit computational complexity and the design of functional programming languages corresponding to specific complexity classes (Aehlig, Hofmann, Matthes). Yet another approach to the issue of the intrinsic complexity for general classes of algorithmic problems was developed in a talk by Y. Moschovakis.

In order to provide the participants with an overview over new developments in the study of functional and realizability interpretations (as mentioned above) two invited lecture series were given.
The first one (given by Fernando Ferreira and Paulo Oliva) focussed on novel (so-called monotone and bounded) variants of Gödel's functional interpretation (first published exactly 50 years ago) and its decomposition into an interpretation of linear logic combined with Girard's embedding of intuitionistic logic into linear logic. The second course was delivered by Ulrich Berger and presented a number of proof theoretic approaches for analyzing proofs based on dependent choice (such as Spector's bar recursive solution, the realizability solution by modified bar recursion due to Berger and Oliva and a novel approach based on open induction and its relation to previous work by Berardi, Bezem and Coquand). Moreover, Berger reported on recent experiments (with Schwichtenberg) concerning the automated extraction (based on the MinLog tool) of efficient algorithms from proofs in constructive analysis.
Groups and Geometries
Authors: Liebeck Martin W. , Mühlherr Bernhard , Stroth Gernot 
Published: December 2009

The workshop
Groups and Geometries
was one of a series of Oberwolfach workshops on this topic which has taken place every 3 years for some time. It focused on algebraic and finite groups, their interactions with the geometry of buildings, and applications.

A particular highlight of the meeting was a celebration of the recent award of the Abel Prize jointly to John Thompson and Jacques Tits, two of the great pioneers of modern group theory and geometry, and both leading participants at many Oberwolfach meetings. The celebration took the form of two special lectures, given on the Tuesday evening. In the first, Bernd Fischer gave some personal recollections about Thompson, and spoke about his enormous influence on the development of finite group theory. The second lecture was given by Richard Weiss, who described some of the revolutionary innovations of Tits in the geometrical aspects of group theory, and also told some stories illustrating how Tits inspired people through his warmth and sense of humour.
There were 45 participants and 26 talks. These were on three main inter-related themes: buildings and their relationship with algebraic groups; structure of finite groups; and applications. Particularly pleasing was the participation of a substantial number (more than 10) of young researchers, several of whom – Alice Devillers, Silvia Onofrei, Rebecca Waldecker, Pierre-Emmanuel Caprace, Ralf Gramlich, Harald Helfgott and Nikolay Nikolov – gave talks. This demonstrates the attractiveness of the field.

The conference showed that the theories of buildings, algebraic groups, and finite simple groups and their geometries are very active areas with a great deal of interaction between them and also with other areas. People from these different areas were brought together, and their interaction was indeed very lively. The conference stands in the tradition of very successful meetings on
Groups and Geometries
at Oberwolfach.
Nonstandard Finite Element Methods
Authors: Brenner Susanne C. , Carstensen Carsten , Monk Peter 
Published: December 2009

The workshop
Nonstandard Finite Element Methods
, organized by Susanne C. Brenner (Baton Rouge), Carsten Carstensen (Berlin) and Peter Monk (Newark) was held August 10 – 16, 2008. This meeting was well attended with over 40 participants with broad geographic representation.

Although Courant is often credited with the discovery of finite elements [2, 3], the first practical use of such methods in engineering seems to date back to the work of Argyris and Clough et. al. (apparently Clough coined the name “finite elements”) in the 1950s [1, 4]. By the 1970s the finite element method was firmly established in engineering practice and the basic theory of conforming elements for elliptic problems was well understood [2]. Engineers and mathematicians have since expanded the use of finite elements to a wide variety of new applications and have improved the theoretical underpinnings of the method. In addition, efficient computational algorithms have been developed, such as the multigrid method, that allow for the application of finite elements to sophisticated three dimensional problems.
Within current research, we can distinguish classical or standard finite element methods, and newer nonstandard finite elements The former include conforming elements applied to “standard” Galerkin discretizations of problems. Usually accuracy is obtained by mesh refinement. As the range of applications has increased, and to alleviate perceived shortcomings in standard conforming elements, numerical analysts and engineers have sought more general finite element methods based, for example, on mixed formulations, and non-conforming or even discontinuous Galerkin schemes. These methods may be superior to standard finite elements in particular applications because of enhancements to stability, robustness or conservation properties. We refer to them as non-standard finite element methods.
This Oberwolfach workshop was devoted to non-standard finite element methods and their analyses. Inevitability such a snapshot of the subject is biased, but we have tried to include non-standard methods in the broadest sense including mixed, discontinuous Galerkin, generalized, partition of unity and mortar FEM methods. All these schemes have in common that stability and convergence is not obvious and requires mathematical analysis. This is even more true for developing fast solvers, a posteriori error estimation and adaptive mesh design.
Through the week there were 29 presentations on various non-standard topics. These provided an overview of current research directions, new developments and open problems.
Mini-Workshop: Group Actions on Curves: Reduction and Lifting
Authors: Bouw Irene , Mézard Ariane , Wewers Stefan 
Published: December 2009

The mini-workshop
Group actions on curves: reduction and lifting
, organized by Irene I. Bouw (Ulm), Ariane Mézard (Versailles) and Stefan Wewers (Hannover) was held November 16th–November 22nd, 2008. There were 15 participants, 6 of whom were PhD-students or recent PhDs. There were 15 talks and 2 discussion sessions. There was a joint evening session with the mini-workshop
Symmetric Varieties and Involutions of Algebraic Groups
.

The talks discussed very recent progress on the following closely related topics:
The theme of the first discussion session was the local lifting problem. Several participants gave an informal presentation of possible approaches for solving it. Afterwards, we discussed how the different approaches fit together. The main emphasis was the connection between differential data and torsors under group schemes.
The theme of the second discussion session was the structure of deformation spaces. We discussed several questions that came out of the talks. Among other things, given a family of lifts of a cover of formal germs of curves from positive characteristic to characteristic zero, is there a reasonable notion of ‘moduli’ of such lifts, and how does it relate to the position of the branch points? We formulated several conjectural statements and discussed their relevance and possible proofs.
There is no odd perfect polynomial over $\mathbb F_2$ with four prime factors
Authors: Gallardo Luis H. , Rahavandrainy Olivier 
Published: December 2009

A perfect polynomial over the binary field

\mathbb F_2

is a polynomial

A ∈ \mathbb F_2[x]

that equals the sum of all its divisors. If

\operatorname{gcd}(A,x^2 + x) = 1

then we say that

A

is odd. It is believed that odd perfect polynomials do not exist. In this article we prove this for odd perfect polynomials

A

with four prime divisors, i.e., polynomials of the form

A = P^aQ^bR^cS^d

where

P, Q, R, S

are distinct irreducible polynomials of degree

>

1 over

\mathbb F_2

and

a, b, c, d

are positive integers.
An ionic liquid proposed as solvent in aromatic hydrocarbon separation by liquid extraction
Authors: Pereiro Ana B. , Rodríguez Ana 
Published: December 2009

AbstractLiquid–liquid extraction is the most common method for extraction of aromatics from their mixtures with aliphatic hydrocarbons. An ionic liquid (IL) 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide [BMpyr][NTf2] was tested as solvent for this separation. The liquid–liquid equilibria (LLE) of the ternary mixtures heptane + benzene, or toluene, or ethylbenzene + [BMpyr][NTf2] were carried out at 298.15 K. The solvent ability of the IL was evaluated in terms of solute distribution ratio and selectivity. The results were compared with those previously reported for the extraction of aromatics from its mixtures with heptane by using ILs. The conventional process using sulfolane as solvent was discussed. The experimental LLE data were correlated by non‐random two liquid equation. A proposal of extraction process with this IL as solvent is simulated by conventional software and the results are shown. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2010
Living with Costello syndrome: Quality of life issues in older individuals
Authors: Hopkins Elizabeth , Lin Angela E. , Krepkovich Katherine E. , Axelrad Marni E. , Sol‐Church Katia , Stabley Deborah L. , Hossain Jobayer , Gripp Karen W. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractClinical and molecular analyses of Costello syndrome are proceeding at a rapid pace, including the delineation of the adult phenotype. We designed a two‐part survey in order to describe the quality of life (QoL) of older individuals with Costello syndrome. The survey consisted of the Costello syndrome quality of life (CSQoL): Caregiver Questionnaire, to obtain objective information such as skills, activities, and medical issues from caregivers; and the CSQoL:Self‐Questionnaire assessing subjective information including self‐esteem, life satisfaction, and interpersonal relations from affected individuals. Thirteen of 18 (72%) individuals with Costello syndrome (age 16–34 years, mean 22 years) and caregiver pairs responded. The data were analyzed to study day‐to‐day life, and to determine potential impediments on QoL for older individuals with Costello syndrome. The CSQoL:Caregiver total scores were significantly lower than the CSQoL:Self total scores as demonstrated by the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test (P < 0.008). The CSQoL:Caregiver total scores appear negatively correlated with total number of medical issues (r = −0.549; P = 0.065). No association was found between the CSQoL:Self scores and total number of medical issues (r = −0.107; P = 0.769). Four impediments to QoL for individuals with Costello syndrome were identified: relationships outside of their immediate circle of family and friends, lack of independence, male gender, and the presence of major medical issues. This information may be useful to the families and health care professionals of adults with Costello syndrome. As a measurable characteristic, QoL may have utility as a metric in future therapeutic trials. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A paternally transmitted complex chromosomal rearrangement (CCR) involving chromosomes 2, 6, and 18 includes eight breakpoints and five insertional translocations (ITs) through three generations
Authors: Gruchy Nicolas , Barreau Morgane , Kessler Ketty , Gourdier Dominique , Leporrier Nathalie 
Published: December 2009

AbstractComplex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are uncommon and mainly occur de novo. We report here on a familial CCR involving chromosomes 2, 6, and 18. The propositus is a boy first referred because of growth delays, hypotonia, and facial anomalies, suggestive of deletion 18q syndrome. However, a cytogenetic family study disclosed a balanced CCR in three generations, which was detailed by FISH using BAC clones, and consisted of eight breakpoints with five insertional translocations (ITs). The propositus had a cryptic 18q deletion and a 6p duplication. Paternal transmission of this CCR was observed through three generations without meiotic recombination. Our investigation allowed us to provide porosities counseling and management of prenatal diagnosis for propositus cousin who carries this particular CCR. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extending the phenotype of monosomy 1p36 syndrome and mapping of a critical region for obesity and hyperphagia
Authors: D'Angelo Carla S. , Kohl Ilana , Varela Monica Castro , de Castro Cláudia I.E. , Kim Chong A. , Bertola Débora R. , Lourenço Charles M. , Koiffmann Célia P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRearrangements of 1p36 are the most frequently detected abnormalities in diagnostic testing for chromosomal cryptic imbalances and include variably sized simple terminal deletions, derivative chromosomes, interstitial deletions, and complex rearrangements. These rearrangements result in the specific pattern of malformation and neurodevelopmental disabilities that characterizes monosomy 1p36 syndrome. Thus far, no individual gene within this region has been conclusively determined to be causative of any component of the phenotype. Nor is it known if the rearrangements convey phenotypes via a haploinsufficiency mechanism or through a position effect. We have used multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification to screen for deletions of 1p36 in a group of 154 hyperphagic and overweight/obese, PWS negative individuals, and in a separate group of 83 patients initially sent to investigate a variety of other conditions. The strategy allowed the identification and delineation of rearrangements in nine subjects with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Our work reinforces the association of monosomy 1p36 and obesity and hyperphagia, and further suggests that these features may be associated with non‐classical manifestations of this disorder in addition to a submicroscopic deletion of ∼2–3 Mb in size. Multiplex ligation probe amplification using the monosomy 1p36 syndrome‐specific kit coupled to the subtelomeric kit is an effective approach to identify and delineate rearrangements at 1p36. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Ectodermal dysplasia‐like syndrome with mental retardation due to contiguous gene deletion: Further clinical and molecular delineation of del(2q32) syndrome
Authors: Rifai Laila , Port‐Lis Marylin , Tabet Anne‐Claude , Bailleul‐Forestier Isabelle , Benzacken Brigitte , Drunat Séverine , Kuzbari Suzanne , Passemard Sandrine , Verloes Alain , Aboura Azzedine 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe report on a patient with an interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2 at 2q31.2q33.2. She had prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, cleft palate, camptodactyly, bilateral talipes equinovarus, severe intellectual disability, and ectodermal anomalies. She showed thin, atrophic skin, sparse, brittle, slowly growing hair, oligodontia with abnormally shaped teeth, normal sweating, and normal fingernails, consistent with a diagnosis of ectodermal dysplasia. Array CGH analysis (Agilent 44K®) showed the deletion to span 26 Mb, between cytogenetic bands 2q31.2 and 2q33. The deletion leads to hemizygosity for the HOXD cluster and its regulatory elements, COL3A1/COL5A2, GTF3C3, CASP8, CASP10, and SABT2 could perhaps interfere with long range control of DLX1 and DLX2 expression. This girl confirms the existence of a clinically recognizable 2q32 microdeletion syndrome, as recently delineated by Van Buggenhout et al. and confirms a novel putative locus for ectodermal dysplasia on chromosome 2q31q33. We recommend considering cytogenetic and/or molecular screening for del(2q32) in patients with developmental disability and ectodermal dysplasia‐like phenotype, including thin skin, oligodontia, dysplastic teeth, and sparse hair. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Review of the recently defined molecular mechanisms underlying thanatophoric dysplasia and their potential therapeutic implications for achondroplasia
Authors: Martínez‐Frías María Luisa , de Frutos Cristina A. , Bermejo Eva ,   ECEMC Working Group, Nieto M. Angela 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAchondroplasia (ACH), thanatophoric dysplasia (TD) types I and II, hypochondroplasia (HCH), and severe achondroplasia with developmental delay and acanthosis nigricans (SADDAN) are all due to activating mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene. We review the clinical, epidemiological, radiological, molecular aspects, and signaling pathways involved in these conditions. It is known that FGFR3 signaling is essential to regulate bone growth. The signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT1) pathway is involved in the inhibition of chondrocyte proliferation, and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are involved in chondrocyte differentiation. Hence, FGFR3 signaling is pivotal in chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation through these two different active pathways. Recent studies on the molecular mechanisms involved in chondrocyte differentiation and proliferation, demonstrated that Snail1 participates in the control of longitudinal bone growth and appears to be essential to transduce FGFR3 signaling during chondrogenesis. This result was confirmed in a newborn infant with TD, and suggests new non‐surgical therapeutic approaches, that is, Snail1 as a new encouraging therapeutic target. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attacks on local persons by chimpanzees in Bossou, Republic of Guinea: long‐term perspectives
Authors: Hockings Kimberley J. , Yamakoshi Gen , Kabasawa Asami , Matsuzawa Tetsuro 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAttacks on humans by nonhuman primates are one of the most serious causes of human–primate conflict, and strongly influence people's perceptions and tolerance of nonhuman primates. Despite their importance, systematic and extensive records of such attacks are rare. Here, we report the attacks that occurred on local persons by chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) at Bossou, Republic of Guinea, from 1995 to 2009. There have been a total of 11 attacks during this period, the majority of which were directed toward children. They varied in their severity, but all were nonfatal. Attacks took place on a road and narrow paths that bordered the forest or in cultivated fields and orchards where opportunities for human–chimpanzee contact are high. Attacks occurred between the months of March and October, coinciding with wild fruit scarcity, increased levels of crop‐raiding, and periods of human cultivation with likely increased human usage of paths. Although the families of attack victims felt angry and fearful toward chimpanzees after attacks, some drew on their traditional beliefs to explain why chimpanzees were respected, protected, and could not hurt them, even when attacks occurred. We provide suggestions for reducing future nonhuman primate attacks on humans in an effort to mitigate human–primate conflict situations. Am. J. Primatol. 72:887–896, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.