bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early On-Treatment Viral Load and Baseline Metavir Score: Improved Prediction of Sustained Virological Response in HCV Genotype 1 Patients
Authors: Crawford Darrell HG , Dore Gregory J , Sievert William , Cheng Wendy SC , Weltman Martin , McCaughan Geoffrey , Rawlinson William , Marks Philippa S , Yoshihara Motoko , Rizkalla Bishoy , Roberts Stuart K ,   the CHARIOT Study Group
Published: April 2012

Background On-treatment HCV viral load during early therapy with pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin is highly predictive of sustained virological response (SVR). We sought to provide further refinement of this prediction through an extensive evaluation of the effect of HCV viral loads at weeks 4, 8 and 12 on SVR, including analysis by liver disease stage grouping. Methods A total of 309 patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV and recent liver biopsy enrolled in the CHARIOT study received 180 μg of PEG-IFN-α2a weekly with 1,000/1,200 mg of ribavirin daily. The probability of an SVR was estimated using baseline METAVIR fibrosis stage and HCV viral loads at weeks 4, 8 and 12. Results HCV RNA was undetectable in 27.5%, 50.3% and 62.6% of patients at weeks 4, 8 and 12, respectively. SVR was 80.0%, 76.8% and 72.4% among patients with undetectable HCV RNA at weeks 4, 8 and 12, respectively. SVR decreased in a progressive fashion with increasing HCV viral loads at each early time point, but was similar for patients with HCV viral load <15 IU/ml, 15–100 IU/ml and 100–1,000 IU/ml. The effect of fibrosis stage on SVR was modest for patients with HCV viral load <1,000 IU/ml at week 4, but more marked for those with week 4 HCV viral load >1,000 IU/ml, and all HCV viral load categories at weeks 8 and 12. Conclusions A combination of baseline fibrosis stage and on-treatment HCV viral load at early time points provides improved estimates for treatment response in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1.
Dans la fratrie de Paul et Camille Claudel : le clivage en héritage
Authors: Dravet Danièle 
Published: April 2012

Résumé La dynamique relationnelle au sein de la fratrie Claudel fut hantée par la phantasmatique de la « violence fondamentale » (au sens défini par Jean Bergeret), qui avait pris corps à la génération précédente. Les pertes prématurées qui avaient frappé leurs parents respectifs – laissant la mère des enfants Claudel orpheline de mère, et le père, orphelin de père – auront été mises sur le compte du conflit œdipien. L’infigurable de ce triomphe de l’usurpateur, consommé dans le secret des psychés, allait se rejouer au sein de la fratrie : Camille finissant par endosser le destin d’avoir à objectiver les contenus de cet inconscient parental scellé sur ses secrets d’État.
La ville dont le prince est un enfant »
Authors: Bonnet Gérard 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Beaucoup sont d’avis qu’il faut sauvegarder les impératifs de pudeur dans la vie familiale, et pourtant ils les bafouent régulièrement dans leur vie quotidienne sous des prétextes qui ne sont pas pertinents en matière de sexualité. L’auteur avance l’hypothèse que cela tient au fait que l’enfant est considéré aujourd’hui comme un prince, et qu’en agissant de la sorte les adultes cherchent à réaffirmer leur pouvoir, certes d’une manière assez perverse, mais qui mérite réflexion. Il faut surtout donner un fondement plus solide aux impératifs de pudeur : ils ne relèvent pas de l’interdit proprement dit, mais de ces nombreux « refusements » inhérents à la vie en groupe, qui permettent à chacun de trouver sa place et de s’épanouir à partir de ses propres désirs.
Le père « désautorisé »
Authors: Eiguer Alberto 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Dans notre société, l’effacement de la figure du père paraît être la règle. Sa fonction d’autorité est affaiblie ; en même temps dans les familles qui viennent nous voir, la parentification de l’enfant n’est pas exceptionnelle. Après avoir souligné que la cause des changements devrait être trouvée au niveau du fonctionnement inconscient familial, l’auteur examine les apports spécifiques de la théorie groupale ; il suggère que les fonctions se façonnent réciproquement ; celle du père se construit dans et par le psychisme collectif ; celui-ci fomente le déploiement de places et de fonctions, incite, stimule, libère. La toute-puissance phallique ou prégénitale les bouleverse. L’exposé de la thérapie d’une famille recomposée montre que les passages successifs du transfert collectif facilitent la reconquête de la place paternelle.
On the Dihedral Main Conjectures of Iwasawa Theory for Hilbert Modular Eigenforms
Authors: Van Order Jeanine 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe construct a bipartite Euler systemin the sense ofHoward forHilbertmodular eigenforms of parallel weight two over totally real fields, generalizing works of Bertolini–Darmon, Longo, Nekovar, Pollack–Weston, and others. The construction has direct applications to Iwasawa's main conjectures. For instance, it implies inmany cases one divisibility of the associated dihedral or anticyclotomicmain conjecture, at the same time reducing the other divisibility to a certain nonvanishing criterion for the associated p-adic L-functions. It also has applications to cyclotomic main conjectures for Hilbert modular forms over CM fields via the technique of Skinner and Urban.
On a Theorem of Bombieri, Friedlander, and Iwaniec
Authors: Fiorilli Daniel 
Published: April 2012

Abstract In this article, we show to what extent one can improve a theorem of Bombieri, Friedlander and Iwaniec by using Hooley's variant of the divisor switching technique. We also give an application of the theorem in question, which is a Bombieri-Vinogradov type theorem for the Tichmarsh divisor problem in arithmetic progressions.
Selective Autooxidation of Ethanol over Titania‐Supported Molybdenum Oxide Catalysts: Structure and Reactivity
Authors: Caro Carlos , Thirunavukkarasu K. , Anilkumar M. , Shiju N. R. , Rothenberg Gadi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe study the selective catalytic oxidation of ethanol with air as a sustainable alternative route to acetaldehyde. The reaction is catalysed by molybdenum oxide supported on titania, in a flow reactor under ambient pressure. High selectivity to acetaldehyde (70%–89%, depending on the Mo loading) is obtained at 150 °C. Subsequently, we investigate the structure/performance relationship for various molybdenum oxide species using a combination of techniques including diffuse reflectance UV‐visible, infrared, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopies, X‐ray diffraction and temperature programmed reduction. As their surface density increases, the monomeric molybdenum oxide species undergo two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional oligomerisation. This results in polymolybdates and molybdenum oxide crystallites. Importantly, the ethanol oxidation rate depends not only on the overall molybdenum loading and dispersion, but also on the type of molybdenum oxide species prevalent at each surface density and on the domain size. As the molybdenum oxide oligomerisation increases, electron delocalisation becomes easier. This lowers the absorption edge energy and increases the reaction rate.
Bifunctional Metal Organic Framework Catalysts for Multistep Reactions: MOF‐Cu(BTC)‐[Pd] Catalyst for One‐Pot Heteroannulation of Acetylenic Compounds
Authors: Arnanz Avelina , Pintado‐Sierra Mercedes , Corma Avelino , Iglesias Marta , Sánchez Félix 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA bifunctional metal organic framework catalyst containing palladium and copper(II) benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylate – MOF‐Cu(BTC)‐[Pd] – has been prepared. This catalyst enables the performance of the tandem Sonogashira/click reaction starting from 2‐iodobenzylbromide, sodium azide and alkynes to produce 8H‐[1,2,3]triazolo[5,1‐a]isoindoles with good yields under mild reaction conditions.
Multiple Oxidative Dehydrogenative Functionalization of Arylacetaldehydes Using Molecular Oxygen as Oxidant Leading to 2‐Oxo‐acetamidines
Authors: Zhang Chun , Zhang Liangren , Jiao Ning 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA novel copper‐catalyzed, multiple oxidative dehydrogenative functionalization of arylacetaldehydes leading to 2‐oxo‐acetamidine compounds has been developed. This transformation is highly efficient with dissociation of six hydrogens including two sp3 CH and one sp2 CH bond activations. This method not only provides an efficient approach to 2‐oxo‐acetamidine compounds, but also offers a valuable mechanistic insight into this novel copper catalysis.
Exploiting Acyl and Enol Azolium Intermediates via N‐Hetero‐ cyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Reactions of α‐Reducible Aldehydes
Authors: Vora Harit U. , Wheeler Philip , Rovis Tomislav 
Published: April 2012

AbstractN‐heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) are well known for their role in catalyzing benzoin and Stetter reactions: the generation of acyl anion equivalents from simple aldehydes to react with a variety of electrophiles. However, when an aldehyde bearing a leaving group or unsaturation adjacent to the acyl anion equivalent is subjected to an NHC, a new avenue of reactivity is unlocked, leading to a number of novel transformations which can generate highly complex products from simple starting materials, many of which are assembled through unconventional bond disconnections. The field of these new reactions – those utilizing α‐reducible aldehydes to access previously unexplored catalytic intermediates – has expanded rapidly in the past eight years. This review aims to provide the reader with a historical perspective on the underlying discoveries that led to the current state of the art, a mechanistic description of these reactions, and a summary of the recent advances in this area.
Bespoke latex allergen testing improves assessment of respiratory symptoms in textile‐braiding workers
Authors: Harris‐Roberts J. , Tate P. , Robinson E. , Griffin P. , Mason H. , Barber C. , Curran A.D. , Fishwick D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundLatex allergy is poorly understood in latex‐exposed textile workers.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was carried out to better characterize respiratory symptoms, using personal breathing zone latex allergen measurement and specific IgE to latex allergens.ResultsForty‐four of the 86 (51% participation rate) participated. Ten of 39 workers who gave a blood sample (25.6%) were found to have IgE to at least one workplace allergen (5/39 positive to either latex braiding coated with silica or talc, 4/39 were positive to the dyed cotton extract, and 1/39 to latex braiding coated with silica or talc and dyed cotton extract), whilst only 2 of these 10 had specific IgE to the commercial latex extract.ConclusionsThe presence of symptoms with evidence of sensitization was strongly dictated by current latex exposure. Bespoke workplace allergen IgE testing identified cases of WR respiratory symptoms with sensitization that otherwise would not have been identified. Am. J. Ind. Med. 55:616–623, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mehrfache orthogonale Konjugationen mit Molekülgerüsten: Anwendung in der chemischen Biologie und Wirkstoff‐Forschung
Authors: Beal David M. , Jones Lyn H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHeteropolyfunktionelle Molekülgerüste, die sich sequenzielle Klick‐Reaktionen zunutze machen, werden eine bedeutende Rolle in den Bereichen der chemischen Biologie und chemisch aktivierten Biotherapeutika, der so genannten “Chemologics” spielen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz fasst die bestehenden Synthesetechniken zusammen und verdeutlicht das beträchtliche Potenzial, das dieses Fachgebiet birgt.
Visualizing social connections in the humanities: Beyond bibliometrics
Authors: Sula Chris Alen 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEditor's SummaryReflecting the formal record of scholarly communication, bibliometrics in the humanities may inaccurately represent scholars as solitary, making limited references to colleagues. Bibliometric methods are derived from scientific and technical literature, where joint authorship and co‐citation are more common than in the humanities. Yet the influence of social connections among humanities scholars is strong and lasting, especially through chains of personal relationships. The most significant social connections among academics are those between student and teacher, among departmental colleagues and, to a lesser extent, among conference participants and association members. Documenting the connections includes acknowledgments and citations but largely goes beyond bibliometrics, drawing on dissertation front matter, attendance records and departmental rosters. Visualization of these connections can disclose invisible colleges and spheres of influence, useful in the humanities as well as other fields.
Long‐term serial angiographic outcomes after sirolimus‐eluting stent implantation
Authors: Ko Euihong , Nasu Kenya , Habara Maoto , Tanaka Nobuyoshi , Terashima Mitsuyasu , Kinoshita Yoshihisa , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Asakura Yasushi , Katoh Osamu , Suzuki Takahiko 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveWe evaluated, using quantitative coronary angiography, the natural history of change that occurred in target lesions after successful sirolimus‐eluting stent (SES) implantation.BackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention with drug‐eluting stents (DES) has significantly reduced the rate of repeated target lesion revascularization. However, early studies have raised concerns regarding the “late catch‐up” phenomenon of DES.MethodsBetween June 2004 and March 2007, consecutive 217 patients with 306 lesions without restenosis at early angiographic follow‐up underwent late angiographic follow‐up (early follow‐up: 11.2 ± 2.1 months and late follow‐up: 29.4 ± 5.2 months). Predictors of late catch‐up were identified with univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsAlthough reference vessel diameter did not significantly change during follow‐up [3.15 mm (interquartile range (IQR): 2.81–3.49 mm), 3.12 mm (IQR: 2.79–3.47 mm), and 3.08 mm (IQR: 2.76–3.46 mm) at postprocedure, and early and late angiographic follow‐up, respectively; P = 0.2653], late loss (LL) significantly increased during follow‐up [0.05 mm (IQR: 0.00–0.13 mm) and 0.08 mm (IQR: 0.01–0.19 mm) at early and late follow‐up, respectively; P < 0.0001]. Univariate analysis showed previous intervention, adjunctive use of cutting balloon, lesion length, and progression of MLD, LL, %DS at early follow‐up as predictors of late catch‐up. Multivariate regression analysis identified %DS at early follow‐up as a predictor of late catch‐up (OR 1.076, CI 1.039–1.114, P < 0.0001).ConclusionSignificant and continuous progression of neointima after SES implantation was observed in the present study. Larger LL may be a sign of late catch‐up phenomenon. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Retrospective multicenter observational study of the interventional management of coronary disease in the very elderly: The NINETY
Authors: Sillano Dario , Resmini Chiara , Meliga Emanuele , Boccuzzi Giacomo , Zuffi Andrea , Barbato Emanuele , Gunn Julian , Price Matthew , Gaita Fiorenzo , Sheiban Imad 
Published: April 2012

ObjectivesThe aim of this observational, multicenter study was to describe the outcome of very elderly patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).BackgroundThere is a paucity of data among nonagenarians undergoing PCI.MethodsAll consecutive patients 90 years of age or older undergoing PCI with stent implantation between April 2002 and June 2009 were included in the study. The primary endpoint was the long‐term rate of net adverse cardiac events (NACE), that is, death, myocardial infarction (MI), target lesion revascularization, and life‐threatening or major bleedings.ResultsOne hundred forty‐six nonagenarians were divided in three groups according to clinical setting: 27 (group A) stable angina or silent ischemia, 85 (group B) unstable angina or non‐ST elevation MI, and 34 (group C) with ST elevation MI (STEMI). At 30 days, the incidence of NACE was significantly lower in patients in Group A vs. B or C (0% vs. 17.3% vs. 31.2%, P = 0.006), and the frequency of definite stent thrombosis was higher in Group C vs. A or B (9.4% vs. 0% vs. 0%, P = 0.007), respectively. Up to a median follow‐up of 24 months, NACE rate was 33.3% in group A, 49.3% in group B, and 50% in group C (P = 0.32). There were no significant differences between groups in the individual components of the primary endpoint.ConclusionsPCI in nonagenarians is safe and feasible with acceptable major bleeding rates. However, long‐term results show high mortality rates particularly in the STEMI group. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective Catalytic Oxidation of Ammonia into Dinitrogen over a Zeolite‐Supported Ruthenium Dioxide Catalyst
Authors: Heylen Steven , Delcour Nele , Kirschhock Christine E. A. , Martens Johan A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractRuO2@Na‐Y zeolite is a highly active catalyst for the selective catalytic oxidation of NH3 into N2 at relatively low temperatures. RuO2@Na‐Y zeolite achieved the stoichiometric conversion of NH3 into N2 at 175 °C in the presence of water vapor and CO2. Increasing the reaction temperature led to the formation of more‐oxidized reaction products (N2O, NO, and NO2). This catalyst was successfully operated in a cycling mode with alternating ammonia‐ and oxygen‐containing gas streams. As expected, the catalyst was only poorly efficient in the selective catalytic reduction of ammonia.
New Insight into Daylight Photocatalysis of AgBr@Ag: Synergistic Effect between Semiconductor Photocatalysis and Plasmonic Photocatalysis
Authors: Jiang Jing , Li Hao , Zhang Lizhi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNoble metal nanoparticles (NPs) are often used as electron scavengers in conventional semiconductor photocatalysis to suppress electron–hole (e−–h+) recombination and promote interfacial charge transfer, and thus enhance photocatalytic activity of semiconductors. In this contribution, it is demonstrated that noble metal NPs such as Ag NPs function as visible‐light harvesting and electron‐generating centers during the daylight photocatalysis of AgBr@Ag. Novel Ag plasmonic photocatalysis could cooperate with the conventional AgBr semiconductor photocatalysis to enhance the overall daylight activity of AgBr@Ag greatly because of an interesting synergistic effect. After a systematic investigation of the daylight photocatalysis mechanism of AgBr@Ag, the synergistic effect was attributed to surface plasmon resonance induced local electric field enhancement on Ag, which can accelerate the generation of e−–h+ pairs in AgBr, so that more electrons are produced in the conduction band of AgBr under daylight irradiation. This study provides new insight into the photocatalytic mechanism of noble metal/semiconductor systems as well as the design and fabrication of novel plasmonic photocatalysts.
Electronic Structure and Aromaticity of Graphene Nanoribbons
Authors: Martín‐Martínez Francisco J. , Fias Stijn , Van Lier Gregory , De Proft Frank , Geerlings Paul 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe analyse the electronic structure and aromaticity of graphene nanoribbons and carbon nanotubes through a series of delocalisation and geometry analysis methods. In particular, the six‐centre index (SCI) is found to be in good agreement with the mean bond length (MBL) and ring bond dispersion (RBD) geometry descriptors. Based on DFT periodic calculations, three distinct classes of aromaticity patterns have been found for armchair graphene nanoribbons, appearing periodically as the width of the ribbon is increased. The periodicity in the band gap is found to be related to these aromaticity patterns. Also, the appearance of such distinct aromaticity distribution is explained within the framework of the Clar’s sextet theory. Both delocalisation and geometry analysis methods are shown to be very fast and reliable tools for easily analysing the aromaticity in carbon nanosystems.
Synthesis and Conformation of Fluorinated β‐Peptidic Compounds
Authors: Peddie Victoria , Butcher Raymond J. , Robinson Ward T. , Wilce Matthew C. J. , Traore Daouda A. K. , Abell Andrew D. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractExperimental and theoretical data indicate that, for α‐fluoroamides, the FCC(O)N(H) moiety adopts an antiperiplanar conformation. In addition, a gauche conformation is favoured between the vicinal CF and CN(CO) bonds in N‐β‐fluoroethylamides. This study details the synthesis of a series of fluorinated β‐peptides (1–8) designed to use these stereoelectronic effects to control the conformation of β‐peptide bonds. X‐ray crystal structures of these compounds revealed the expected conformations: with fluorine β to a nitrogen adopting a gauche conformation, and fluorine α to a CO group adopting an antiperiplanar conformation. Thus, the strategic placement of fluorine can control the conformation of a β‐peptide bond, with the possibility of directing the secondary structures of β‐peptides.
Life years lost—comparing potentially fatal late complications after radiotherapy for pediatric medulloblastoma on a common scale
Authors: Brodin N. Patrik , Vogelius Ivan R. , Maraldo Maja V. , Munck af Rosenschöld Per , Aznar Marianne C. , Kiil‐Berthelsen Anne , Nilsson Per , Björk‐Eriksson Thomas , Specht Lena , Bentzen Søren M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND:The authors developed a framework for estimating and comparing the risks of various long‐term complications on a common scale and applied it to 3 different techniques for craniospinal irradiation in patients with pediatric medulloblastoma.METHODS:Radiation dose‐response parameters related to excess hazard ratios for secondary breast, lung, stomach, and thyroid cancer; heart failure, and myocardial infarction were derived from large published clinical series. Combined with age‐specific and sex‐specific hazards in the US general population, the dose‐response analysis yielded excess hazards of complications for a cancer survivor as a function of attained age. After adjusting for competing risks of death, life years lost (LYL) were estimated based on excess hazard and prognosis of a complication for 3‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D CRT), volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), and intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT).RESULTS:Lung cancer contributed most to the estimated LYL, followed by myocardial infarction, and stomach cancer. The estimates of breast or thyroid cancer incidence were higher than those for lung and stomach cancer incidence, but LYL were lower because of the relatively good prognosis. Estimated LYL ranged between 1.90 years for 3D CRT to 0.28 years for IMPT. In a paired comparison, IMPT was associated with significantly fewer LYL than both photon techniques.CONCLUSIONS:Estimating the risk of late complications is associated with considerable uncertainty, but including prognosis and attained age at an event to obtain the more informative LYL estimate added relatively little to this uncertainty. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society.