bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Plantar Lateral Foot Pain before and after the Use of Trial Metal Wedges in Lateral Column Lengthening
Authors: Ellis Scott J. , Williams Benjamin R. , Garg Rohit , Campbell Graham , Pavlov Helene , Deland Jonathan T. 
Published: November 2011

Background: One of the major concerns with lateral column lengthening (LCL) in symptomatic flatfoot deformity treatment is the risk of postoperative plantar lateral foot discomfort. We evaluated whether this risk can be minimized by using trial metal wedges. Using our study's evaluation tools, the incidence of postoperative plantar lateral foot discomfort before and after using trial metal wedges was determined. Materials and Methods: The incidence of plantar lateral foot pain after LCL was retrospectively assessed in 122 consecutive patients (132 feet) after they had undergone flatfoot reconstruction with LCL between 2001 and 2007. To determine if the incidence could be reduced, levels of pain or revision were compared before and after the use of trial metal wedges. The ratio of wedge size to preoperative radiographic calcaneal length was also determined. Results: The overall incidence of plantar lateral discomfort was 11.2%. The incidence of pain or revision was lower after the introduction of trial metal wedges (6.3% compared to 14.7%), but did not reach significance (p = 0.084). There was no significant difference found in the ratio of the size of bone graft wedge to calcaneal length between the two groups (p = 0.805). Conclusion: The incidence of plantar lateral foot discomfort overall was 11.2% after LCL. We believe this risk may be reduced using trial metal wedges, properly judging eversion stiffness and carefully assessing the position of the foot intraoperatively. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Trimalleolar Fracture with Involvement of the Entire Posterior Plafond
Authors: Lei Wang , Zhong-Min Shi , Chang-Qing Zhang , Bing-Fang Zeng 
Published: November 2011

Background: A special type of trimalleolar fracture with the involvement of the entire posterior tibial plafond has been reported recently. Because of the low incidence, the characteristics of the fracture in different studies have not been consistent. We describe our clinical experience with this fracture type. Materials and Methods: From January 2007 to December 2009, 12 patients were identified with a trimalleolar fracture with involvement of entire posterior tibial plafond. All the fractures were openly reduced and fixed through a combined operative approach (posterolateral and posteromedial). Ten of 12 patients were followed up. The clinical outcome was assessed with the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and standardized AAOS foot and ankle questionnaire, and the radiological evaluation with an osteoarthritis-score (OA-score). Results: Based on the pathoanatomy of the posteromedial malleolar fragment, all the fractures could be classified into two types. Using a combined operative approach, anatomical reduction and stable fixation was accomplished in all 12 patients. At a mean followup of 18.9 (range, 12 to 30) months, 10 patients achieved a good radiological result and satisfactory clinical recovery. Conclusion: This fracture pattern may be classified into two types with different injury mechanisms, which has not been described previously. After anatomic reduction and stable fixation through a combined operative approach, the short-term outcome was good.
Radiographic Considerations of Hallux Valgus versus Hallux Rigidus
Authors: Usuelli Federico , Palmucci Maria , Montrasio Umberto A. , Malerba Francesco 
Published: November 2011

Background: Metatarsus primus elevatus (MPE) has long been suggested as a primary causative factor in the pathogenesis of hallux rigidus (HR). The purpose of this investigation was to more clearly define this relationship by comparison of first ray position in patients with hallux rigidus, hallux valgus, and a control population with no known foot pathology. Materials and Methods: Clinical and radiographical data were retrospectively collected from 297 patients (394 feet) between the periods of January 2007 and September 2008. Patients were stratified into those having isolated HR (110 patients, 145 feet), isolated hallux valgus (HV) (118 patients, 159 feet), and control group (C) of asymptomatic volunteers (69 patients, 90 feet). Any patient with a previous history of foot trauma, surgery, or other foot or ankle pathology was excluded from the study. Standing lateral weightbearing X-rays were obtained for measurement of first to second metatarsal head elevation (Horton Index), Seiberg Index, and Sagittal Intermetatarsal Angle (IMA). Results: A significant difference in first ray elevation in HR population was identified by all the three measurements. Horton Index (mm) was 6.4 ± 2.5 for HR population, as compared to 4.0 ± 2.5 and 3.4 ± 1.9 for the HV and C populations ( p ≤ 0.05). Seiberg Index (mm) measured 2.5 ± 1.8 for the HR group, versus 1.0 ± 1.6 and 0.24 ± 0.9 for the HV and C groups respectively ( p ≤ 0.05). The sagittal IMA (degrees) were 4.5 ± 2.5 versus 2.7 ± 2.2 and 1.8 ± 1.2 ( p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: This investigation does not show any etiological relation between MPE and HR, but identified a correlation between them. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Series
Peroneal Tenography to Evaluate Lateral Hindfoot Pain after Calcaneal Fracture
Authors: Chen Wei , Li Xicheng , Su Yanling , Zhang Qi , Smith Wade R. , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhang Yingze 
Published: November 2011

Background: Lateral hindfoot pain after union of a calcaneal fracture remains a challenge to orthopaedic surgeons. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between lateral calcaneal pain, calcaneal width and peroneal tendon sheath impingement in patients with lateral hindfoot pain. Materials and Methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with unilateral lateral hindfoot pain were identified from an institutional trauma registry. Regular followups were performed and the severity of lateral hindfoot pain was recorded. CT scans were conducted to measure calcaneal width at the level of susten-taculum tali. Bilateral peroneal tenography was performed to examine compression of the peroneal tendon sheath. The sheaths on the injured, painful side were compared to the contralat-eral sheath at the same level. The data was analyzed with bivariate correlation using SPSS 13.0 for Windows. Results: The injured calcanei were wider in all patients and the peroneus longus and brevis tendon sheaths were compressed on peroneal tenography in 68.9% (51 of 74). Statistics demonstrated significant correlations between compression of tendon sheaths and lateral hindfoot pain (Rs = 0.93, p <0.001), and between increasing calcaneal width and lateral hindfoot pain (Rs = 0.665, p < 0.001). The severity of lateral hindfoot pain was directly correlated to tendon sheath impingement and indirectly related to calcaneal widening. Conclusion: Calcaneal widening following fracture union was the cause of compression of the peroneal tendons. Increasing compression correlated with increasing levels of lateral pain. Our study demonstrated the utility of peroneal tenography in identifying the presence of peroneal tendon impingement in patients with lateral pain following calcaneal fractures. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Impact of soil amendments on macronutrients (NA, K, CA, MG, N and P) contents of rice grain under subsurface drainage in salt affected soil
Authors: Mandal R , Aich AC 
Published: November 2011

Impact of soil amendments and brackish water irrigation on grain of three cultivars of rice provided with subsurface drained and non-drained conditions in saline soil was investigated. Contents of Na, Mg, N and P of rice grain increased significantly with increasing brackishness of irrigation water (ECiw 0.7 to 5.0 dS/m) irrespective of drainage condition. The content of Na was found much lower in grain provided with subsurface drainage as compared with non drained ones irrespective of treatments and varieties. However, a reverse trend was observed in case of K. Addition of both lime and gypsum alone caused a decrease in Na and an insignificant increase in Ca concentration at all levels of brackish water irrigation. Effect of lime and gypsum in presence of organic matter did not influence very much in Na, Ca and Mg concentrations in all the cultivars. The contents of N and P increased with increasing levels of salinity might be due to stunted growth of plant caused by excessive Na. Lime and gypsum alone caused a decline in the P content whereas organic matter alone helped to increase the same in grain of rice. Application of lime and gypsum along with organic matter failed to respond in P content significantly in grain of rice in all grades of brackish water whether provided with subsurface drainage or not. In both the sets, cow-dung influenced better performance than straw in mineral nutrition of rice grain.Key words: Soil amendment, Rice grain, Macronutrients, Subsurface drainage, Salt affected soilDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i1.8938 DUJBS 2010; 19(1): 1-11
Antidiabetic effect of syzygium cumini l. Seed on type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Bhuyan Zaied Ahmed , Rokeya Begum , Masum Nuruzzaman , Hossain Shahdat , Mahmud Ishtiaq 
Published: November 2011

The present study evaluates the effects of powder and ethanol extract of Syzygium cumini seeds (1.25/ kg bw) treatment for 21 days on glucose homeostasis, serum insulin, serum lipids and liver glycogen content in streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 2 diabetic rats. The administration of S. cumini seed powder and ethanol extract for 21 days to type 2 diabetic rats significantly reduced the fasting glucose level although it did not alter the blood glucose level after glucose challenge. The insulin level and liver glycogen content also were not changed after dietary administration of Syzygium cumin powder or ethanol extract. In addition to hypoglycemic effect, the Syzygium cumini significantly ameliorated the lipid profile. The plasma LDL?cholesterol level, an atherogenic lipid, significantly (p < 0.01) decreased with a concurrent increase (p < 0.01) in the plasma HDL?cholesterol level, thus suggesting dietary Syzygium cumini could be used as one of the alternatives in the treatment of diabetes. Key words: Syzygium cumini; Diabetes; Cholesterol DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i2.8959 DUJBS 2010; 19(2): 157-164
Bets on Hats: On Dutch Books Against Groups, Degrees of Belief as Betting Rates, and Group-Reflection
Authors: Bovens Luc , Rabinowicz Wlodek 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe Story of the Hats is a puzzle in social epistemology. It describes a situation in which a group of rational agents with common priors and common goals seems vulnerable to a Dutch book if they are exposed to different information and make decisions independently. Situations in which this happens involve violations of what might be called the Group-Reflection Principle. As it turns out, the Dutch book is flawed. It is based on the betting interpretation of the subjective probabilities, but ignores the fact that this interpretation disregards strategic considerations that might influence betting behavior. A lesson to be learned concerns the interpretation of probabilities in terms of fair bets and, more generally, the role of strategic considerations in epistemic contexts. Another lesson concerns Group-Reflection, which in its unrestricted form is highly counter-intuitive. We consider how this principle of social epistemology should be re-formulated so as to make it tenable.
Utility of on-site evaluation of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration specimens
Authors: Griffin Adrienne Carruth , Schwartz Lauren Ende , Baloch Zubair W. 
Published: November 2011

Background:Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is an integral tool in the diagnosis and staging of malignant tumors of the lung. Rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of fine needle aspiration (FNA) samples has been advocated for as a guide for assessing the accuracy and adequacy of biopsy samples. Although ROSE has proven useful for numerous sites and procedures, few studies have specifically investigated its utility in the assessment of EBUS-TBNA specimens. The intention of this study was to explore the utility of ROSE for EBUS-TBNA specimens.Materials and Methods:The pathology files at our institution were searched for all EBUS-TBNA cases performed between January 2010 and June 2010. The data points included number of sites sampled per patient, location of site(s) sampled, on-site evaluation performed, preliminary on-site diagnosis rendered, final cytologic diagnosis, surgical pathology follow-up, cell blocks, and ancillary studies performed.Results:A total of 294 EBUS-TBNA specimens were reviewed and included in the study; 264 of 294 (90%) were lymph nodes and 30 of 294 (10%) were lung mass lesions. ROSE was performed for 140 of 294 (48%) specimens. The on-site and final diagnoses were concordant in 104 (74%) and discordant in 36 (26%) cases. Diagnostic specimens were obtained in 132 of 140 (94%) cases with on-site evaluation and 138 of 154 (90%) without on-site evaluation. The final cytologic diagnosis was malignant in 60 of 132 (45%) cases with ROSE and 46 of 138 (33%) cases without ROSE, and the final diagnosis was benign in 57 of 132 (47%) with ROSE and 82 of 138 (59%) without ROSE. A cell block was obtained in 129 of 140 (92%) cases with ROSE and 136 of 154 (88%) cases without ROSE.Conclusions:The data demonstrate no remarkable difference in diagnostic yield, the number of sites sampled per patient, or clinical decision making between specimens collected via EBUS-TBNA with or without ROSE. As a result, this study challenges the notion that ROSE is beneficial for the evaluation of EBUS-TBNA specimens.
Does a Health Plan Effort to Increase Smokers' Awareness of Cessation Medication Coverage Increase Utilization and Cessation?
Authors: Alesci Nina L. , Boyle Raymond G. , Davidson Gestur , Solberg Leif I. , Magnan Sanne 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To test whether a mailing describing new coverage for smoking cessation medications increases benefit knowledge, utilization, and quitting. Methods. This randomized controlled trial assigned participants to benefit communication via (1) standard contract changes or (2) enhanced communication with direct-to-member postcards. A sample of 1930 self-identified smokers from two Minnesota health plans took surveys before and 1 year after the benefit's introduction. The follow-up response rate was 80%. A multilevel logistic estimator tested for differences in benefit knowledge and smoking behavior from baseline. Results. More enhanced than standard communication respondents knew about the benefit (39.0% vs. 22.2%, p < .0001) at follow-up. Groups did not differ on bupropion utilization (24.6% vs. 23.1%, p = .92); nicotine replacement therapy utilization (26.9% vs. 25.9%, p = .26), or cessation (12.8% vs. 15.6%, p = .32). Conclusion. Although limited by the low intervention intensity and potential social desirability bias, information about new coverage alone does not appear to increase quitting behaviors.
Factors Underlying Variation in Receipt of Physician Advice on Diet and Exercise: Applications of the Behavioral Model of Health Care Utilization
Authors: Honda Keiko 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To identify factors associated with receipt of physician advice on diet and exercise, including patient sociodemographic characteristics, health-related needs, and health care access, using Andersen's model of health care utilization. Design. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data from the 2000 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). Setting. NHIS data were collected through personal household interviews by Census interviewers. The overall response rate for the 2000 NHIS adult sample was 82.6%. Subjects. Subjects were a representative sample of the American civilian, noninstitutionalized population aged 18 and older. After eliminating missing data and respondents who reported they did not see a doctor in the past 12 months, sample sizes for physician advice on diet and exercise were n = 26,255 and n = 26,158, respectively. Measures. Using the 2000 NHIS, the prevalence of receipt of physician advice on diet and exercise was assessed. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between receipt of physician advice on diet and exercise and potential predictors, adjusting for all covariates. Results. By self-report, 21.3% and 24.5% of respondents received physician advice on diet and exercise, respectively. Being middle-aged (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0–1.29 for diet; AOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.33–1.79 for exercise) and having a baccalaureate degree or higher (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.52–2.08 for diet; AOR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.47–2.07) were associated with a higher likelihood of receiving physician advice on diet and exercise. African-Americans (AOR = .78, 95% CI = .67–.92) and foreign-born immigrants (AOR = .57, 95% CI = .38–.86) were less likely to receive physician advice on exercise. The prevalence of physician advice was higher for persons who chose hospital outpatient departments as a usual source for care (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI = 1.66–3.36 for diet; AOR = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.68–3.4 for exercise) than for adults with other types of usual care sites. Poorer self-rated health status (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI = 4.12–6.57 for diet; AOR = 2.63, 95% CI = 2.04–3.38 for exercise) and obesity (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI = 2.02–2.66 for diet; AOR = 3.01, 95% CI = 2.46–3.69 for exercise) was positively associated with the likelihood of receiving physician advice on diet and exercise. Conclusions. Effective strategies to increase receipt of physician advice should include efforts to improve access to regular source of care and patient-physician communication. Sociodemographic factors remain independent and important predictors of who obtains such advice.
Proportion of Trips Made by Walking: Estimating a State-Level Baseline for Healthy People 2010 Objective 22–14
Authors: Rafferty Ann P. , McGee Harry B. , Petersmarck Karen A. , Miller Corinne E. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the proportion of short trips made by walking among Michigan adults and barriers to walking for transportation. Methods. Four questions on walking for transportation were asked of 3808 respondents to the Michigan Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) between January and December 2001. Results. Three quarters (74.3%) of Michigan adults were estimated to have made at least one short trip (.25–1 mile) in the previous week; however, only 36.2% of them walked even one of these trips. The mean proportion of short trips walked was 21.4%; less than 10% of all respondents walked five or more trips per week. Discussion: Our results provide a Michigan-specific baseline for Healthy People 2010 Objective 22-14 (i.e., increase the proportion of trips made by walking) and suggest the potential for these questions to be used to monitor active transportation via the BRFSS.
Effect of Community Coalition Structure and Preparation on the Subsequent Implementation of Cancer Control Activities
Authors: Garland Barbara , Crane Martin , Marino Christina , Stone-Wiggins Brenda , Ward Ann , Friedell Gilbert 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors within a three-phase community coalition development model that influence short-term success in cancer control coalitions based on the cumulative number of educational and screening activities conducted by the coalitions. Design. This study was a nonrandomized community intervention trial involving four autonomous, independently funded multistate projects aimed at using coalitions to increase cancer screening and early detection. Setting. The study was conducted in medically underserved, rural counties of Appalachia. Subjects. Sixty-three coalitions involved 1725 members representing 71 counties within 10 states. Intervention. A network of local and regional community cancer control coalitions throughout rural Appalachia delivered culturally sensitive cancer control messages to women, with the long-term goal of increasing the early detection of breast cancer. Analysis. County-level coalitions were the unit of analysis for this study. Multiple linear regression was used to determine if three classes of variables corresponding to the developmental history of coalitions—formation, preparation for implementation, and implementation—were associated with the number of educational and screening activities conducted by the coalitions. Results. The presence of a paid coordinator and formal organizational structure were both strongly associated with the number of activities conducted, accounting for 71% of the variability in coalition activities. Other variables positively associated with number of activities were the preparation of written community assessments and the modification of implementation plans. The same factors (structure, written plans) were associated with activities in coalitions without paid organizers (r2 = .57), as was the number of meetings. However, such coalitions produced an average of only 2.2 activities vs. 21.7 activities in coalitions with paid coordinators. Conclusion. The ALIC study would seem to indicate that community-based coalitions with paid coordinators and formal structures are capable of generating significantly higher levels of activity than those without either a paid coordinator or formal structure.
Concepts Guiding the Study of the Impact of the Built Environment on Physical Activity for Older Adults: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Cunningham Grazia O. , Michael Yvonne L. 
Published: November 2011

Objective. To identify theoretical models and key concepts used to predict the association between built environment and seniors' physical activity on the basis of a comprehensive review of the published literature. Data Source. Computer searches of Medline (1966–2002), PubMed (1966–2002), and Academic Search Elite (1966–2002) were conducted, and 27 English-language articles were found. Search terms included built environment, physical activity, exercise, walking, neighborhood, urban design, seniors, aging, aging in place, and physical environment. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. The primary inclusion criterion included the relation between the built environment and the physical activity among seniors living in neighborhoods. Studies assessing physical activity or overall health of a community-based population were included if underlying theoretical models and concepts were applicable to a senior population. Studies solely assessing social or psychosocial characteristics of place were excluded, as were review articles. Data Extraction. Extracted data included theoretical model, aspect of built environment studied, methods, and outcomes. Data Synthesis. Tables present key definitions and summarize information from empirical studies. Results. Twenty-seven articles that focused on the environment-behavior relation in neighborhoods, six specific to seniors, were found. This area of research is in its infancy, and inconsistent findings reflect difficulties in measurement of the built environment. Conclusions. The relation between the built environment and the physical activity among seniors has been the subject of a limited number of studies. The choice of theoretical model drives the selection of concepts and variables considered. Safety, microscale urban design elements, aesthetics, and convenience of facilities are consistently studied across models. Few validated instruments have been developed and tested to measure neighborhood built environment.