bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leave‐one‐out least squares Monte Carlo algorithm for pricing Bermudan options
Authors: Woo Jeechul , Liu Chenru , Choi Jaehyuk 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe least squares Monte Carlo (LSM) algorithm proposed by Longstaff and Schwartz (2001) is widely used for pricing Bermudan options. The LSM estimator contains undesirable look‐ahead bias, and the conventional technique of avoiding it requires additional simulation paths. We present the leave‐one‐out LSM (LOOLSM) algorithm to eliminate look‐ahead bias without doubling simulations. We also show that look‐ahead bias is asymptotically proportional to the regressors‐to‐paths ratio. Our findings are demonstrated with several option examples in which the LSM algorithm overvalues the options. The LOOLSM method can be extended to other regression‐based algorithms that improve the LSM method.
Outcomes for potentially Resectable patients undergoing primary chemoradiation treatment for T1–T2 HPV Negative oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Laxague Francisco , Fnais Naif , Son Hee Young , Alzahrani Faisal , Mymryk Joe S. , Barrett John W. , Tay Keng Yow , Leung Andrew , Theurer Julie , Nichols Anthony C. , Palma David A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTransoral surgical resectability (TOS) is a prognostic factor for patients with HPV+ T1‐2 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) disease undergoing radiotherapy (RT), but it is unclear whether this holds for HPV‐negative (HPV‐) patients. We aimed to compare outcomes of potential TOS‐candidates vs. non‐TOS candidates, among patients who underwent RT/CRT for early T‐stage HPV‐ OPSCC.MethodsFor patients treated with RT/CRT for early T‐stage HPV‐negative OPSCC between 2014 and 2021, pretreatment imaging was reviewed by four head‐and‐neck surgeons, masked to clinical outcomes, to assess primary‐site suitability for TOS. Extracapsular extension (ECE) was assessed by a head‐and‐neck neuroradiologist. We compared outcomes based on surgical resectability relating to: (1) the primary site tumor alone, and (2) the primary site plus the absence/presence of ECE (overall assessment). Kaplan–Meier curves for overall survival (OS), disease‐specific survival (DSS), and progression‐free survival (PFS) were compared using the log‐rank test.ResultsSeventy patients were included in the analysis. The primary site was TOS‐favorable in 46/70 (66%). Based on the overall assessment, 41/70 (58.6%) were TOS‐favorable. The 3‐year OS, DSS and PFS for primary site TOS‐favorable versus unfavorable were OS: 76.9% versus 37.4%; DSS: 78.1% versus 46.2%, PFS: 69.9% versus 41.3%, (log‐rank test = 0.01, 0.03, 0.04; respectively). Additionally, patients with an overall assessment of TOS favorability demonstrated better survival outcomes compared with TOS‐unfavorable patients (OS: 77.3% vs. 46.2%; DSS: 78.2% vs. 56.5%, PFS: 72.3% vs. 42.1%, log‐rank test = 0.01, 0.04, 0.01; respectively).ConclusionPatients with TOS‐favorable HPV‐negative early T‐stage OPSCC have superior survival outcomes than TOS‐unfavorable patients.
Questionnaire survey on point‐of‐care ultrasound utilization during cardiac arrest among emergency physicians in Hong Kong
Authors: Lo Kwong Tat , Kwok Chun Hei , Suen Kenneth Kin Wing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionAlthough point‐of‐care ultrasound (POCUS) is recognized as a useful diagnostic and prognostic tool during the management of out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), opposing viewpoints exist. The objectives of this study are to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) in POCUS utilization during OHCA among emergency medicine (EM) physicians in Hong Kong and to identify their barriers.MethodsA cross‐sectional questionnaire was conducted among EM physicians in 9 accident and emergency departments in Hong Kong. The questionnaire assessed participants' demographics, knowledge, attitude, practices, and barriers on this issue. Composite scores for KAP were calculated. Subgroup analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to explore the correlation between KAP and participants' demographics. Participants' barriers were evaluated by binary and open‐ended questions.ResultsA total of 224 questionnaires were distributed and 150 questionnaires were returned (response rate: 67.0%). Statistically significant associations of knowledge and attitude with practice were demonstrated (both p < 0.001). Independent predictors of more frequent POCUS use in OHCA included EM fellowship status (p = 0.005), receiving training on this issue (p < 0.001), and working in large hospitals (p = 0.007). The top‐ranked barriers were chaotic environment (74%), no structural education on this practice (63%), and the lack of staff (61%).ConclusionsThe knowledge and attitude of performing POCUS during OHCA were demonstrated to enhance EM physicians' practice. By improving physicians' knowledge and removing the possible barriers they are facing, POCUS can be optimally utilized during OHCA to improve patient care.
Dengue fever coinfection in COVID‐19 era: A public health concern
Authors: Jal Soumya , Chhotaray Sangeeta , Pattnaik Gurudutta , Mishra Snehasish , Mohapatra Ranjan K. , Kandi Venkataramana , Kudrat‐E‐Zahan Md. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimDengue and SARS‐CoV‐2 coinfection is commonly encountered and constantly reported in particularly the dengue‐endemic regions thus posing a co‐epidemic threat. Coinfection is also significantly associated with morbidity and mortality. Comorbidity risk during a coinfection is of a greater concern. Although the pathophysiologies of the two infections vary, their identical clinical symptoms during coinfection result in diagnostic and therapeutic complexities.MethodsA literature search for the current relevant reports was carried out. The searched databases were Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar and the Web of Science, with health agencies like the WHO. Based on the selection criteria, the most recent and pertinent reports published in English language were included for the ease of understanding, deciphering and analysing the secondary data.ResultsA delay in proper diagnosis of coinfection could result in serious complications with poor patient outcome. Whether it is a standalone dengue or COVID‐19 infection or a coinfection, specific biomarkers may be utilized for its foolproof diagnosis. This article highlights the various diagnostic techniques and immune responses from the perspective of prompt and appropriate public health management for patients suffering from COVID‐19 and dengue viral coinfections, both being independently or collectively capable of damaging a human body.ConclusionAs coinfection poses significantly large burden on an already‐fragile healthcare facility, constant monitoring of a coinfected patient is needed for prompt and suitable therapeutics. Also, to maintain high vigilance and invoke appropriate preventive measures particularly in dengue endemic regions, the government, healthcare authority and the general public need to collaborate and cooperate.
The impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine on intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes at a fertility center in Iraq: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Al‐Haddad Hawraa Sahib , Mossa Hayder A. L. , Muhammed Amal Abdulwahid , Jumaah Alaa Salah , McAllister Katherine Ann , Yasseen Akeel Abed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a major public health problem that requires preventative vaccines. However, there is vaccine hesitancy among women of reproductive age in Iraq. This study aimed to investigate SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination effects on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and related fertility parameters.MethodsThe study population comprised 54 infertile patients undergoing the ICSI procedure at a fertility clinic: vaccinated (n = 17) and non‐vaccinated (n = 37). SARS‐CoV‐2‐IgG/mL was assayed in follicular fluid from patients. Fertility parameters were assessed using oocyte and embryo quality and pregnancy outcomes between study groups, with respect to the time interval from vaccination to ova pick up.ResultsThere were no significant differences between non‐vaccinated and vaccinated groups in respect of oocytes quality with regard to the mean number of picked up oocytes (p = 0.564), abnormal oocyte (p = 0.827), oocytes metaphase I and II (p = 0.306; p = 0.165), germinal vesicles (p = 0.076), grade I, II, and III fertilized oocytes (p > 0.05), and for maturation rate (p = 0.13). There were also no significant differences (p > 0.05) in embryo quality parameters with the mean number of grade I, II, and III fertilized oocytes and the fertilization rate, the number of transferred embryo (0.086). There were no significant differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated groups with respect to follicular fluid SARS‐CoV‐2‐IgG (p = 0.854), and pregnancy outcomes (p = 0.550).ConclusionsThe COVID‐19 mRNA vaccine has no effect on ICSI, fertility parameters, and pregnancy outcome.
The relationship between health literacy and health‐seeking behavior amongst university students in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Akakpo Martin Gameli , Neuerer Maresa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe crises of the last decades have provided more evidence of the need for health literacy as a measure of resilience and preparedness. In this study the relationship between health literacy and health‐seeking behavior was investigated.MethodsThis study used a cross‐sectional design with a questionnaire of five sections dedicated to health‐seeking behavior, health literacy, family background, socioeconomic status and demographics. Health‐seeking behavior was used in three dimensions namely preference for hospitals, self‐medication, and herbal medicine. The questionnaire was completed by 262 students at the University of Ghana.ResultsA significant linear regression model (R = 0.39, R² = 0.15, Adjusted R² = 0.13, F = 8.89, p < 0.001) supported the relationship between health literacy and health‐seeking in health facilities such as hospitals. A Pearson correlation further showed an association between self‐medication and preference for herbal medication.ConclusionFindings support the crucial role of health literacy in timely hospital visits by patients. This implies the need to improve health literacy through education, policy, and research. This can promote prevention of diseases through timely health‐seeking and improve preparedness against health crises. The study suggests health literacy should be integrated into educational curricula and regular health campaigns run by public health agencies.
Trends of malaria cases (plasmodium species) in Gute Health Center, Wayu Tuka District, East Wollega Zone, (2013–2022): A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Tafesse Temesgen , Desalegn Ra'el , Dereje Alemayehu , Tolera Chimdesa , Desalegn Dejene , Amenu Desalegn 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalaria is one of the biggest public health challenges in Ethiopia that has hampered the country's economic growth and development, and the government is on track to reduce malaria prevalence by 80% by 2025.ObjectiveAs a result, the purpose of this study was to examine the trends in malaria prevalence in Wayu Tuqa District, Gute Health Center, over the last 10 years (2013–2022).Material and MethodsA retrospective analysis was undertaken to identify the patterns of malaria cases in Wayu Tuqa District, Gute Health Center, from 2013 to 2022 by evaluating the malaria registration laboratory logbook. All socio‐demographic data, as well as the year, month, and malaria prevalence, were obtained using a predesigned data collection form from previous years.ResultsIn this study, 3402 (22.50%) of the total 15,040 probable patients had malaria.P. falciparumwas the most common species, accounting for 82.84% (2818) of the total, followed byP. vivax(16.00%) (547). Males and people over the age of 15 were the most affected demographics.ConclusionIn this study, the highest number of malaria cases were observed in 2021 and 2022, respectively. Furthermore, the autumn season had the highest incidence of malaria cases, 40% (1339), while the spring season had the lowest prevalence, 16% (546). The general trend of plasmodium species at Gute Health Center over the previous 10 years (2013–2022) has not shown inconsistent trends. As a result, proper malaria prevention and control planning, implementation, and monitoring should be strengthened at all levels.
circ_0000592 facilitates the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via miR‐155‐5p/FZD5 axis
Authors: He Jinxian , Yu Kaizhong , Liang Gaofeng , Shen Weiyu , Tian Hui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEsophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the gastrointestinal malignancies with high prevalence and poor prognosis. Previous reports suggested that circular ribose nucleic acids might exert regulatory functions in ESCC. This study aims to explore the role of circ_0000592 in ESCC progression, providing novel insights into the diagnosis and therapeutic avenues for ESCC. The GSE131969 data set was utilized to assess circ_0000592 expression in ESCC. The validation was performed in the tumorous tissues of ESCC patients (n = 80) and human‐immortalized ESCC cell lines. The correlation between circ_0000592 expression and prognosis was analyzed. The impact of circ_0000592 on ESCC cell activity was evaluated through downregulating circ_0000592, as well as encompassing cell viability, migration, and invasion abilities. The downstream pathway of circ_0000592 was explored by binding site prediction from the TargetScan database, followed by in vitro and in vivo experiments. An in vivo xenograft tumor model was established to highlight the role of circ_0000592 in ESCC. Patients with ESCC exhibited higher circ_0000592 expression levels compared to noncancerous patients, which were associated with reduced survival time, higher TNM stage, and increased lymph node metastasis. The circ_0000592 downregulation suppressed cell viability, migration, and invasion abilities in vitro. Mechanistically, circ_0000592 countered the inhibitory effects on the target gene Frizzled 5 (FZD5) through interactions with miR‐155‐5p. The overexpression of miR‐155‐5p curtailed the luciferase activity of circ_0000592 in ESCC cells, inhibiting downstream molecule FZD5 protein expression and subsequently mitigating the detrimental consequences of escalated circ_0000592 expression in ESCC cells. Consistently, circ_0000592 downregulation curbed proliferation and metastasis of ESCC tumors in vivo. In summary, circ_0000592 promoted the progress of ESCC by counteracting the inhibitory impact on FZD5 through its interaction with miR‐155‐5p. Together, our findings highlighted circ_0000592 as a prospective therapeutic target for ESCC.
Nucleoporin Nup98 is an essential factor for ipo4 dependent protein import
Authors: Guo Yingying , Tao Tao , Wu Ting , Hou Jingjing , Lin Wenbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNucleocytoplasmic transport of macromolecules is essential in eukaryotic cells. In this process, the karyopherins play a central role when they transport cargoes across the nuclear pore complex. Importin 4 belongs to the karyopherin β family. Many studies have focused on finding substrates for importin 4, but no direct mechanism studies of its precise transport function have been reported. Therefore, this paper mainly aimed to study the mechanism of nucleoporins in mediating nuclear import and export of importin 4. To address this question, we constructed shRNAs targeting Nup358, Nup153, Nup98, and Nup50. We found that depletion of Nup98 resulted in a shift in the subcellular localization of importin 4 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Mutational analysis demonstrated that Nup98 physically and functionally interacts with importin 4 through its N‐terminal phenylalanine‐glycine (FG) repeat region. Mutation of nine of these FG motifs to SG motifs significantly attenuated the binding of Nup98 to importin 4, and we further confirmed the essential role of the six FG motifs in amino acids 121–360 of Nup98 in binding with importin 4. In vitro transport assay also confirmed that VDR, the substrate of importin 4, could not be transported into the nucleus after Nup98 knockdown. Overall, our results showed that Nup98 is required for efficient importin 4‐mediated transport. This is the first study to reveal the mechanism of importin 4 in transporting substrates into the nucleus.
Single‐cell RNA analysis of chromodomain‐encoding genes in mesenchymal stromal cells of the mouse dental pulp
Authors: Becker Timothy James , Enkhmandakh Badam , Bayarsaihan Dashzeveg 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe chromodomain helicase DNA‐binding (CHD) and chromobox (CBX) families of proteins play crucial roles in cell fate decisions, differentiation, and cell proliferation in a broad variety of tissues and cell types. CHD proteins are ATP‐dependent epigenetic enzymes actively engaged in transcriptional regulation, DNA replication, and DNA damage repair, whereas CBX proteins are transcriptional repressors mainly involved in the formation of heterochromatin. The pleiotropic effects of CHD and CBX proteins are largely dependent on their versatility to interact with other key components of the epigenetic and transcriptional machinery. Although the function and regulatory modes of CHD and CBX factors are well established in many cell types, little is known about their roles during osteogenic differentiation. A single‐cell RNA‐sequencing analysis of the mouse incisor dental pulp revealed distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns of CHD‐ and CBX‐encoding genes within different clusters of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) representing various stages of osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, genes encoding interaction partners of CHD and CBX proteins, such as subunits of the trithorax‐COMPASS and polycomb chromatin remodeling complexes, exhibited differential co‐expression behaviors within MSC subpopulations. Thus, CHD‐ and CBX‐encoding genes show partially overlapping but distinct expression patterns in MSCs, suggesting their differential roles in osteogenic cell fate decisions.
Exploring the moderating roles of dispositional mindfulness and body image flexibility in the association between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Chen Gui , Wang Xingchang , Barnhart Wesley R. , Fu Yuru , He Jinbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesPrevious research suggests potential moderating roles of dispositional mindfulness and body image flexibility in the association between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. However, relevant research is mainly conducted on adult women from Western countries, and limited evidence exists for adolescent samples, especially from non‐Western contexts (e.g., China). Thus, this study aimed to examine the moderating roles of dispositional mindfulness and body image flexibility in the relationship between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in Chinese adolescents.MethodWe recruited 545 Chinese adolescents (53.9% boys, aged 12–16 years) who completed measures of body dissatisfaction, dispositional mindfulness, body image flexibility, and disordered eating. Moderation analyses were examined with PROCESS macro on SPSS.ResultsIn separate models, both higher dispositional mindfulness and body image flexibility weakened relationships between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating. However, when both dispositional mindfulness and body image flexibility were entered into the same moderation model, only body image flexibility showed a significant moderating effect.DiscussionBoth dispositional mindfulness and body image flexibility may weaken the association between body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in adolescents. However, body image flexibility might have a stronger effect than dispositional mindfulness. These findings suggest that interventions aimed at reducing body dissatisfaction to prevent disordered eating in adolescents may pay more attention to adolescents' body image flexibility.
Effects of purple cabbage anthocyanin extract on the gluten characteristics and the gluten network evolution of high‐gluten dough
Authors: Xie Li , Liu Minglong , Zeng Huawei , Zheng Zhi , Ye Yongkang , Liu Fengru 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAnthocyanins are polyphenolic pigments that have hypoglycemic, antioxidation, anti‐aging, and other effects. Research has shown that polyphenols can optimize the processing of dough and improve the texture and nutritional characteristics of dough products. The formation of gluten networks is decisive for the quality of flour products. The effects of purple cabbage anthocyanin (PCA) extract on the structure, microscopic morphology, and network formation of gluten protein were studied, and the types of cross‐linking between PCA and gluten protein are discussed.RESULTSThe results show that PCA extract increased the free sulfhydryl (SH) group content and the free amino group of gluten proteins, stimulated an increase in the β‐sheet ratio and the decrease of α‐helix ratio, and increased the gluten index significantly (P < 0.05). The PCA extract also induced gluten protein aggregation, increased the height of protein molecular chains, and stimulated the formation of gluten networks. When PCA extract concentrations were 4 g kg−1 and 8 g kg−1, the gluten network was more homogeneous, continuous, and dense.CONCLUSIONAppropriate anthocyanins have a positive effect on the properties of gluten and promote the formation of gluten networks. Excessive anthocyanins destroy gluten protein interaction and harm gluten cross‐linking. This study may provide a useful source of data for the production of functional flour products rich in anthocyanins. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
The effects of types of touch and haptic cues on choice overload
Authors: Thai Nguyen T. , Yüksel Ülkü , Peck Joann 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlthough consumers are commonly exposed to numerous choices and the opportunity to touch products when they shop, the literature remains unclear on how both factors simultaneously affect choice. With the growth of online shopping, touch literature has studied the effects of mere touch (i.e., nondiagnostic tactile contact) or vicarious touch (e.g., observing a hand in physical contact with a product or imagining touching a product) to demonstrate that these nondiagnostic haptic inputs can comparably influence consumer attitude, just like diagnostic touch. By investigating the moderating effects of different haptic inputs on choice overload, this research reveals certain conditions in which nondiagnostic haptic inputs operate differently than those of diagnostic touch. We find that both mere touch (Study 1) and vicarious touch (Study 2) help reduce choice overload effects by eliminating the effect of choice set size on choice uncertainty, which is typically observed in the no touch (i.e., control) condition. As haptic cues have been increasingly employed to aid the online shopping experience for consumers, we also find that the choice overload effect is eliminated when an autotelic haptic cue is presented but amplified when an instrumental haptic cue is provided (Study 3). Besides, this research demonstrates that, while the moderating effects of the nondiagnostic haptic inputs are driven by increased personal control, instrumental touch can amplify choice overload effects due to the increased choice difficulty when choosing from large (vs. small) choice sets. These findings help retailers know what type of haptic cues to apply or avoid, as consumers have already been overloaded with abundant choices when they shop online.