bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Training Multitasking in a Virtual Supermarket: A Novel Intervention After Stroke
Authors: Rand Debbie , (Tamar) Weiss Patrice L. , Katz Noomi 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To explore the potential of the VMall, a virtual supermarket running on a video-capture virtual reality system, as an intervention tool for people who have multitasking deficits after stroke.
METHOD. Poststroke, 4 participants received ten 60-min sessions over 3 weeks using the VMall. The intervention focused on improving multitasking while the participant was engaged in a virtual shopping task. Instruments included the Multiple Errands Test–Hospital Version (MET–HV) in a real mall and in the VMall.
RESULTS. Participants achieved improvements ranging from 20.5% to 51.2% for most of the MET–HV measures performed in a real shopping mall and in the VMall.
CONCLUSIONS. The data support the VMall's potential as a motivating and effective intervention tool for the rehabilitation of people poststroke who have multitasking deficits during the performance of daily tasks. However, because the sample was small, additional intervention studies with the VMall should be conducted.
Qualitative Exploration of a Client-Centered, Goal-Directed Approach to Community-Based Occupational Therapy for Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Doig Emmah , Fleming Jennifer , Cornwell Petrea L. , Kuipers Pim 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
OBJECTIVES. We explored the clinical application of goal-directed therapy in community-based rehabilitation from the perspective of clients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), their significant others, and their treating occupational therapists.
METHOD. Twelve people with TBI and their significant others completed an outpatient, goal-directed, 12week occupational therapy program. Semistructured interviews with 12 participants, 10 significant others, and 3 occupational therapists involved in delivering the therapy programs explored their experiences of goal-directed therapy.
RESULTS. Participants, their significant others, and therapists described goal-directed therapy positively, expressing satisfaction with progress made.
CONCLUSION. Goals provide structure, which facilitates participation in rehabilitation despite the presence of barriers, including reduced motivation and impaired self-awareness. A therapist-facilitated, structured, goal-setting process in which the client, therapist, and significant others work in partnership can enhance the process of goal setting and goal-directed rehabilitation in a community rehabilitation context.
Near-Vision Acuity Levels and Performance on Neuropsychological Assessments Used in Occupational Therapy
Authors: Hunt Linda A. , Bassi Carl J. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
We investigated how induced blur affects performance on the Trail Making Test and Digit Symbol Test routinely used in occupational therapy cognitive evaluations. The study used a factorial design with both age (young and old adults) and simulated blur levels of near visual acuity (20/50 and 20/100) manipulated between participants. A sample of 124 healthy, community-living adults was used in the final analysis. Significant differences (p &lt; .05) were found in performance for young participants between 20/50 and 20/100 blur level as well as between 20/20 and 20/100 blur level for the Digit Symbol Test. Scores for old participants decreased as a function of blur but were not significant. This study illustrates that cognitive evaluations used throughout the lifespan may require the appropriate visual acuity level to maximize performance. Occupational therapists’ understanding of client factors and their effect on performance is fundamental to the client evaluation process.
Beyond Flow: Temporality and Participation in Everyday Activities
Authors: Larson Elizabeth , von Eye Alexander 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
Experience sampling examined how temporality, the lived experience of time, varied related to specific activity qualities and experiences in everyday life. Thirty-five students completed electronic surveys regarding their current activity and feelings and rated the activity's novelty and complexity, their depth of emotional and intellectual engagement, the direction and depth of attention, and the demands of the activity on their skills. Using configural frequency analysis and an analysis of narrative responses, configurations of factors (types) associated with variations in perceived temporalities were described. Four composite types identified occurred with any temporality. In most habitual activities, time was perceived as passing the same as clock time. Most faster or timeless temporalities occurred in complex, novel, and skill-requiring activities that engaged participants. Unexpected activity configurations were also associated with accelerated perceptions of time. Occupational therapists may use this knowledge to assist clients to redesign activities that promote positive experiences without high activity demands.
Geriatric Research
Authors: Murphy Susan L. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The American Occupational Therapy Association’s Centennial Vision articulates the need for occupational therapy to be science driven and evidence based in major practice areas. This article provides a review on the state of the occupational therapy research published in the American Journal of Occupational Therapy (AJOT) in the area of productive aging in the past 2 years (2008–2009). The article identifies the types of research published, assesses how well the journal is meeting the Centennial Vision in productive aging research, and discusses implications for utilization of the evidence by occupational therapy practitioners. Although many basic research articles provide a foundation for future intervention development and further define practice roles, the AJOT articles addressing productive aging represent diverse research questions and have produced a body of knowledge that is not easily translated to practice. More effectiveness studies are needed to provide adequate evidence for occupational therapy intervention with older adults.
Effect of Assistive Technology in a Public School Setting
Authors: Watson Anne H. , Ito Max , Smith Roger O. , Andersen Lori T. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract
The Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act of 2004 (IDEA) requires assistive technology (AT) be considered at the yearly individualized education program (IEP) meeting of every student in special education. IDEA also directs that AT be implemented on the basis of peer-reviewed literature despite a paucity of research on AT’s effectiveness in the public schools. This repeated-measures quasi-experimental study explored AT’s effect in a public school special education setting. Participants (N = 13) were a heterogeneous group of students in 1 school system who had newly provided AT to address academic and communication goals in one school year. Results suggest that relative to other interventions, AT provided by a multidisciplinary team may have a significant effect on IEP goal improvement (t[12] = 5.54, p = .00) for students in special education (F[2] = 9.35, p = .00), which may support AT’s use in special education by occupational therapists as directed by IDEA.
Fabrication of Circular Periodic Structures on Polymers Using High Pulse Energy Coherent Radiation and an Axicon
Authors: Lasagni Andrés Fabián , Langheinrich Denise , Roch Teja 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFabrication of micrometer concentric ring structures on polymer substrate using an axicon and high power ultra violet laser radiation is reported. The fabrication method consists on producing a periodic intensity distribution over the polymer's surface with a Bessel beam shape. The micropatterns were fabricated using a pulsed laser system operating at either 266 or 355 nm. Theoretical calculations of the periodic intensity distribution are used to explain the observed experimental results. The simple optical arrangement used in this work can be used to fabricate the above mentioned patterns over several mm2.
Magnetic Magnesium Alloys Based on MgZn and SmCo with Sensory Properties
Authors: Klose Christian , Mroz Gregor , Rodman Michael , Kujat Bernd , Bormann Dirk , Reimche Wilfried , Bach Friedrich‐Wilhelm 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this article, manufacture of a magnetic magnesium alloy based on the known magnesium alloys AZ91 or ZEK200 together with samarium–cobalt is investigated. The objective of the investigations is to produce an Mg alloy by die casting, possessing both magnetic characteristics and satisfactory mechanical properties with the aim of obtaining an Mg alloy which can be utilized as a lightweight sensor material. Inverse magnetostriction (Villari Effect) is exploited in order to verify the instantaneous operating forces in lightweight structural components made from Mg such as a vehicle's stub axle. The magnetic properties subject to cyclic loading are determined with the aid of a harmonic analyze of eddy current signals. Results show that for an MgSmCoZn alloy, an unambiguous linear dependency exists between the applied mechanical loading and the harmonic's measured values. The mechanical properties of the MgSmCoZn cast alloy have a similar order of magnitude as those of Mg alloys employed in engineering, such as for example AZ91, and thus possess a good standard.
Polyester Materials with Superwetting Silicone Nanofilaments for Oil/Water Separation and Selective Oil Absorption
Authors: Zhang Junping , Seeger Stefan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSuperhydrophobic and superoleophilic polyester materials are successfully prepared by one‐step growth of silicone nanofilaments onto the textile via chemical vapor deposition of trichloromethylsilane. The successful growth of silicone nanofilaments is confirmed with scanning electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray analysis, and investigation of the wetting behavior of water on the textile. Even microfibers deeply imbedded inside a woven material could be coated very well with the nanofilaments. The coated textile is water repellant and could only be wetted by liquids of low surface tension. The applications of the coated textile as a membrane for oil/water separation and as a bag for selective oil absorption from water are studied in detail. Owing to the superwetting properties and flexibility of the coated textile, excellent reusability, oil/water separation efficiency, and selective oil absorption capacity are observed, which make it very promising material, e.g., for practical oil absorption.
ACRHR1haplotype moderates the effect of adverse childhood experiences on lifetime risk of major depressive episode in African‐American women
Authors: Kranzler Henry R. , Feinn Richard , Nelson Elliot C. , Covault Jonathan , Anton Raymond F. , Farrer Lindsay , Gelernter Joel 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) increase the risk for adult depression and substance dependence, possibly mediated by the corticotropin‐releasing hormone type 1 receptor (CRHR1). In some studies, a three‐SNP “T‐A‐T” haplotype inCRHR1, which encodes CRHR1, exerted a protective moderating effect on risk of depression in adults with ACEs. Other studies have shown a main or moderating effect of SNPs inCRHR1on alcohol consumption. We tested the moderating effects of the three‐SNP haplotype on lifetime risk of a major depressive episode (MDE) and alcohol dependence (AD) in 1,211 European‐Americans (EAs) and 1,869 African‐Americans (AAs), most of whom had a lifetime substance use disorder. There were no significant main or interaction effects of the TAT haplotype on AD. There was a significant interaction of ACE by TAT on risk of depression only in AA women (P = 0.005); each copy of the TAT haplotype reduced the odds of MDE by almost 40% (OR = 0.63). In AA women without an ACE and two TAT haplotypes, the risk of MDE was increased (OR = 1.51 for each copy). Our findings in relation to the TAT haplotype ofCRHR1extend those obtained in other populations to a largely substance‐dependent one. The complex structure ofCRHR1may help to explain why some variants in the gene moderate the effects of an ACE only on depression risk while others moderate the effect of an ACE only on AD risk. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Team‐based learning in anatomy: An efficient, effective, and economical strategy
Authors: Vasan Nagaswami S. , DeFouw David O. , Compton Scott 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTeam‐based learning (TBL) strategy is being adopted in medical education to implement interactive small group learning. We have modified classical TBL to fit our curricular needs and approach. Anatomy lectures were replaced with TBL that required preparation of assigned content specific discussion topics (in the text referred as “discussion topics”), an individual self‐assessment quiz (IRAT), analysis of the discussion topics, and then the team retaking the same quiz (GRAT) for discussion and deeper learning. Embryology and clinical correlations were given as lectures. Unit examinations consisted of graded IRAT and GRAT. The National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Subject Examination was the comprehensive final examination. To evaluate the effect of TBL on student performance we compared the departmental and NBME subject examination scores between the traditional and TBL curricula. We collected five years of data on student performance in TBL‐based anatomy and lecture‐based preclinical courses. Our results show that departmental and NBME subject examination scores for TBL‐based anatomy were higher than those for lecture‐based anatomy. We subsequently compared average NBME scores for anatomy with those in other preclinical courses that were lecture‐based. Average NBME anatomy scores were significantly higher than those for all the lecture‐based preclinical courses. Since the introduction of TBL in anatomy, student performance has progressively improved in the NBME subject examination. Students perceived TBL as a motivator to be a responsible team member and to contribute to collective learning by the team. Further, it reinforced self‐directed learning and fostered an appreciation for peer respect. Interestingly, these perceptions were uniform irrespective of student course performance. Anat Sci Educ. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.
Multicentre study of the quality of a large administrative data set and implications for comparing death rates
Authors: Holt P J E , Poloniecki J D , Thompson M M 
Published: October 2011

Abstract

Background
The aim was to compare the completeness and accuracy of the English Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) with a ‘gold standard’ data set for a sample of hospitals and to determine the effect of data quality on comparisons of hospital death rates.

Methods
A multicentre audit of data quality was undertaken, based on a sample of all elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repairs performed in England. All elective AAA repairs in nine collaborating hospital trusts were included over a 2-year interval. Cases were identified from HES, local databases, hospital administration systems and theatre records. The main outcome measures were the numbers of cases and deaths according to HES compared with case-note review. The recording of co-morbidities and the effect of data accuracy on mortality analyses and risk adjustment were quantified.

Results
A total of 1102 elective AAA repairs were identified from HES data. Of 962 procedures with case-note review, 827 (86·0 per cent, 95 per cent confidence interval 84·0 to 88·0 per cent) were confirmed as elective AAA repair. The survival status with HES was 99·8 per cent accurate on comparison with the Office for National Statistics death registry. There was no significant difference in mortality assessment between the HES data and the ‘gold standard’ data set (5·3 versus 5·0 per cent; P = 0·753). Smaller hospitals were more affected by data inaccuracies than larger hospitals.

Conclusion
This study confirmed that HES data can be used effectively to compare mortality between hospitals. Administrative data will be used increasingly for assessing performance and clinicians should accept responsibility to improve coding. Copyright © 2011 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Telomere Structure and Stability: Covalency in Hydrogen Bonds, Not Resonance Assistance, Causes Cooperativity in Guanine Quartets
Authors: Fonseca Guerra Célia , Zijlstra Hester , Paragi Gábor , Bickelhaupt F. Matthias 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe show that the cooperative reinforcement between hydrogen bonds in guanine quartets is not caused by resonance‐assisted hydrogen bonding (RAHB). This follows from extensive computational analyses of guanine quartets (G4) and xanthine quartets (X4) based on dispersion‐corrected density functional theory (DFT‐D). Our investigations cover the situation of quartets in the gas phase, in aqueous solution as well as in telomere‐like stacks. A new mechanism for cooperativity between hydrogen bonds in guanine quartets emerges from our quantitative Kohn–Sham molecular orbital (MO) and corresponding energy decomposition analyses (EDA). Our analyses reveal that the intriguing cooperativity originates from the charge separation that goes with donor–acceptor orbital interactions in the σ‐electron system, and not from the strengthening caused by resonance in the π‐electron system. The cooperativity mechanism proposed here is argued to apply, beyond the present model systems, also to other hydrogen bonds that show cooperativity effects.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Sulfuryl Diazide, O2S(N3)2.
Authors: Zeng Xiaoqing , Beckers Helmut , Bernhardt Eduard , Willner Helge 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe title compound (caution: explosive) is prepared by reaction of SO2Cl2 and NaN3 in MeCN at room temperature (≈12 h; isolated by fractional condensation in the ‐30 °C trap).
ChemInform Abstract: Substrate‐Controlled, Phosphine‐Catalyzed Domino Reactions of Activated Conjugated Dienes: Highly Diastereoselective Synthesis of Bicyclic Skeletons.
Authors: Ma Jianze , Xie Peizhong , Hu Chongchong , Huang You , Chen Ruyu 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA highly diastereoselective phosphine‐mediated domino reaction of activated conjugated dienes with β,γ‐unsaturated α‐ketoesters is described.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐Halomethylated Cyclic Nitronates: Synthesis and Nucleophilic Substitution.
Authors: Mikhaylov Andrey A. , Dilman Alexander D. , Struchkova Marina L. , Khomutova Yulia A. , Korlyukov Alexander A. , Ioffe Sema L. , Tartakovsky Vladimr A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe halogenation of five‐ and six‐membered N‐(silyloxy)enamines is studied.
ChemInform Abstract: Significant Heterogeneous Carbonate Salt Catalyzed Acetylation of Alcohols via a Transesterification Process with Carbonate Salt‐Activated Alcohol 1H NMR Evidence.
Authors: Xiong Yan , Zhang Xueqiang 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA simple, mild, cheap and green synthetic methodology to produce esters as useful intermediates in organic syntheses is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel and Facile Environmentally Benign Oxidative Electrocyclization of Acylthiosemicarbazone into Biodynamic 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles.
Authors: Sharma Laxmi Kant , Singh Sushma , Siddiqui I. R. , Singh R. K. P. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA variety of 1,3,4‐oxadiazoles (II) (12 examples) are synthesized by controlled potential electrolysis of acylthiosemicarbazones (I) and screened for their antifungal activity.
ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious Assembly of a 2‐Amino‐4H‐chromene Skeleton by Using an Enantioselective Mannich Intramolecular Ring Cyclization—Tautomerization Cascade Sequence.
Authors: Ren Qiao , Siau Woon‐Yew , Du Zhiyun , Zhang Kun , Wang Jian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe medicinally important skeleton is catalyzed by a new indan organocatalyst IAT bearing amine and thiourea moieties.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and Novel Synthesis of Chromonyl Chalcones Using Recyclable Zn(L‐Proline)2 Catalyst in Water.
Authors: Siddiqui Zeba N. , Musthafa T. N. Mohammed 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe cross‐aldol condensation of 3‐formylchromones with a series of acetyl‐substituted heterocycles is investigated under optimized conditions.
ChemInform Abstract: trans‐Selective Hydrogermylation of Alkynes Promoted by Methyliron and Bis(germyl)hydridoiron Complexes as a Catalyst Precursor.
Authors: Itazaki Masumi , Kamitani Masahiro , Nakazawa Hiroshi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractTerminal and internal alkynes undergo a regio and stereoselective hydrogermylation in the presence of an iron methyl complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Soft‐Chemistry of Garnet‐Type Li5+xBaxLa3‐xNb2O12 (x = 0, 0.5, 1): Reversible H+↔Li+ Ion‐Exchange Reaction and Their X‐Ray, Li MAS NMR, IR, and AC Impedance Spectroscopy Characterization.
Authors: Truong Lina , Thangadurai Venkataraman 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe title compounds are prepared by a ceramic method from stoichiometric mixtures of LiNO3, Ba(NO3)2, La2O3, and Nb2O3 (alumina crucible, 700 °C for 24 h and sintering at 950 °C for 24 h in air).
ChemInform Abstract: Opportunities Offered by Chiral η6‐Arene/N‐Arylsulfonyl‐diamine‐Ru(II) Catalysts in the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones and Imines
Authors: Vaclavik Jiri , Kacer Petr , Kuzma Marek , Cerveny Libor 
Published: October 2011

AbstractReview: 154 refs.
Chemical Compounds for Energy Storage
Authors: Schüth Ferdi 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFuture energy systems, which will rely on substantially higher contributions from regenerative supply pathways and which will be increasingly less dependent on fossil energy resources, will require high energy density storage compounds as strategic reserves and for seasonal storage. Hydrocarbons, such as oil and natural gas, are currently serving this purpose. These will also be options in future systems, but in that case, these compounds would have to be synthesized using some other form of energy. Thus, with decreasing importance of fossil resources, other storage compounds also seem to be viable, the most prominent ones under discussion, in addition to the ones mentioned, being hydrogen, methanol, and ethanol. In this contribution, the different storage compounds will be discussed, and their merits and drawbacks for large scale implementation will be compared.
Association Between Sleep Duration and Hypertension Among Chinese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Guo Xiaofan , Zheng Liqiang , Li Yang , Yu Shasha , Liu Shuai , Zhou Xinghu , Zhang Xingang , Sun Zhaoqing , Wang Rui , Sun Yingxian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:Short sleep duration was reported to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension among adults. The present study aimed to investigate this association in children and adolescents.Hypothesis:Short sleep duration is related to higher risk of hypertension among children and adolescents.Methods:We conducted a cross‐sectional study of 4902 children and adolescents age 5 to 18 years. Blood pressure (BP) was measured at the research center and classified using the population‐based percentiles. Sleep duration and related information were determined through questionnaires.Results:The prevalence of hypertension and prehypertension were 20.3% and 15%, respectively. The median sleep duration was 8.77 ± 1.07 hours (mean ± standard deviation). A short sleep duration (<9 hours) was associated with a higher risk of hypertension when compared with the group sleeping longer (9–10 h), among boys age 11 to 14 years old (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.04–2.15), adjusting for age, body mass index, waist circumference, and physical activity. The linear regression stratified by age indicated that for boys age 11 to 14 years the inverse association existed after adjustment with the coefficients −1.04 mm Hg and −0.55 mm Hg per hour of sleep for systolic BP and diastolic BP, respectively.Conclusions:Short sleep duration (<9 h) is independently associated with hypertension among Chinese boys age 11 to 14 years old. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.L. Zheng and X. Guo contributed equally to this work.The authors have no funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose.