bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grounding cultural syndromes: Body comportment and values in honor and dignity cultures
Authors: IJzerman Hans , Cohen Dov 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe body is a carrier of relatively complex cultural values. Three experiments examined links between body comportment and honor (a cultural syndrome prizing female chastity, familial loyalty, and reputation). We put participants from nonhonor (Anglo‐Americans; Experiment 1) and honor (Latinos; Experiment 2) cultures in upright versus slouched postures and primed them with honor versus control words. In our third experiment, we surveyed participants from nonhonor (native Dutch) and honor (Arab and Turkish Dutch) cultures about their attitudes toward honor‐related violence and then measured posture change. Concerns with honor were embodied by men from honor cultures bi‐directionally. For persons from nonhonor cultures, body posture can be connected to honor concerns, if participants are appropriately primed. However, with all else equal, the rejection of honor in such cultures is embodied in much the same way that men from honor cultures embody honor. Links between body comportment and values are not arbitrary but not simple either. The ways embodiments are conditioned by culture and gender are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Correspondence between images of terrorists and preferred approaches to counterterrorism: The moderating role of ideological orientations
Authors: Golec de Zavala Agnieszka , Kossowska MaŁgorzata 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTwo studies examined the moderating effects of right wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation on the relationship between terrorist images (soldiers versus criminals) and preference for counterterrorist actions (military aggression versus criminal prosecution). Study 1 indicated that the perception of Al‐Qaeda terrorists as soldiers was related to preference for military counterterrorism, especially among people high in social dominance orientation. The relationship between the perception of Al‐Qaeda terrorists as criminals and preference for the criminal prosecution of terrorists was strengthened among those high in right wing authoritarianism. Study 2 showed that when terrorists were framed as soldiers, social dominance orientation was related to support for military counterterrorism. When terrorists were framed as criminals, only people who endorsed high levels of right wing authoritarianism supported criminal prosecution of terrorists. Social dominance orientation was related to opposition towards military counterterrorism when terrorists were not perceived as soldiers or framed as criminals. It was also related to opposition towards criminal prosecution of terrorists when terrorists were framed as criminals. The findings suggest that different terrorist images are related to preference for counterterrorism that corresponds with the content of the images and individuals' chronic ideological orientations. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Managing social images in naturalistic versus laboratory settings: Implications for understanding and studying self‐presentation
Authors: Leary Mark R. , Allen Ashley Batts , Terry Meredith L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractOver the past 50 years, research on self‐presentation has revealed a great deal about how people construct social images by managing the impressions that others form of them. However, inspection of the dominant research paradigms reveals that most researchers have not addressed central features of self‐presentation as they occur in everyday life. Using a framework that identifies four primary features of everyday self‐presentation, we compare and contrast the nature of naturalistic self‐presentation in everyday life with the ways in which self‐presentation has been conceptualized, operationalized, and studied by researchers. We also discuss the implications of failing to incorporate naturalistic features of self‐presentation into research contexts and offer recommendations for ways to enhance and expand research on self‐presentation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of face experience on emotions and self‐esteem in Japanese culture
Authors: Lin Chun‐Chi , Yamaguchi Susumu 
Published: June 2011

AbstractFace plays an important role in social life. However, little is known about the psychological consequences of an individual's face experiences. This study examined the effects of face experiences on emotions and self‐esteem in a diary study conducted in Japanese culture, in which face functions as a mechanism to maintain interpersonal harmony. Participants reported the occurrence of face‐related events, maintenance/loss of face, emotions and self‐esteem twice a week for 10 weeks. We predicted and found that (1) the occurrence of one's own face events increased participants' depressiveness, (2) the maintenance of one's own face heightened joyfulness and decreased depressiveness, (3) the maintenance of one's own face heightened participants' self‐esteem, and (4) the maintenance of other people's face increased joyfulness and calmness but did not affect self‐esteem. These findings provided empirical supports for fundamental assumptions that have never been subjected to empirical scrutiny in face research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The centrality of social image in social psychology
Authors: Rodriguez Mosquera Patricia M. , Uskul Ayse K. , Cross Susan E. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractSocial image, or the views that others have of us and our groups, plays a role in a wide array of psychological processes, including impression management, interpersonal relationships, mate selection, intragroup and intergroup processes, the experience and expression of emotion, gender differences in behavior, and the construction and maintenance of social status. The 13 papers included in this special issue reflect the centrality of social image in these and other social–psychological processes. Five major themes integrate this diverse selection of papers: (i) self‐presentation of social image; (ii) culture‐specific conceptions of social image; (iii) the role of social image in emotion; (iv) respect and status as reflections of social image; and (v) the influence of social image on ingroup and outgroup perceptions. Taken together, these papers illustrate the importance of social image for understanding the complexities of human behavior and point to new ways to study this important topic. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A New Approach how to Define the Coefficient of Electroactivity of Adenine and Its Twelve Derivatives Using Flow Injection Analysis with Amperometric Detection
Authors: Zitka Ondrej , Skutkova Helena , Adam Vojtech , Trnkova Libuse , Babula Petr , Hubalek Jaromir , Provaznik Ivo , Kizek Rene 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe studied the electrochemical behaviour of adenine derivates (adenosine, 2‐aminopurine, 2,6‐diaminopurine, 6‐benzyl‐aminopurine, adenosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, adenosine triphosphate, S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine, and synthetic derivatives AD‐3, AD‐6 and AD‐9) using flow injection analysis with electrochemical detection using a glassy carbon electrode. The influences of pH, flow rate and potential on the signal height of the studied derivates were tested. The optimal pH was 3, the flow rate of the mobile phase 0.75 mL min−1 and the potential 1100 mV. Further, we attempted to characterize each of the studied derivatives by mathematical equations and classic analytical parameters. The lowest detection limit was estimated for adenine as 0.9 nM and 2‐aminopurine as 0.5 nM.
Applications of Porous Pt‐Filled Micropore Electrode: Direct Amperometric Glucose Detection and Potentiometric pH Sensing
Authors: Shim Jun Ho , Jang Kyung , Lee,* Youngmi Lee Chongmok 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper reports the utilization of a micropore electrode as platform for the development of a nonenzymatic glucose microsensor. To facilitate direct glucose oxidation, a highly porous Pt (pPt) layer was deposited electrochemically on the Pt disk base in the pore. Compared to a pPt deposited planar Pt disk electrode, the higher sensitivity and selectivity of the pPt deposited micropore electrode could not only be attributed to the increased electrode roughness, but also to the small pore opening functioning as an efficient mass‐transport resistance to the interfering species. The prepared pPt‐micropore electrode also showed improved potentiometric responses to pH changes.
State of worksite health promotion in companies with and without Quality‐Management systems: A comparative study
Authors: Bauer Georg F. , Müller Frithjof , Inauen Alice , Brink Mark , Laeubli Thomas 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe goal of comprehensive worksite health promotion (WHP) is to protect and promote the health and performance of employees. WHP principles link health‐promotion activities to existing management systems, such as Quality Management (QM), to better integrate these activities into goals and processes of the company. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that the presence of a QM system is related to increased institutionalization and scope of WHP. Swiss companies in the service sector with a certified QM system (N = 289) were compared to a random sample of service‐sector companies without QM systems (N = 334). The results show that the presence of a certified QM system is related to the quality of WHP, as companies have both a stronger institutionalization and a broader scope of WHP compared to companies without a certified QM system. The present study produced empirical evidence that QM systems might be an enhancing factor for WHP. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fibrin‐targeted block copolymers for the prevention of postsurgical adhesions
Authors: Medley John M. , Kaplan Eugene , Oz Helieh S. , Sundararaj Sharath C. , Puleo David A. , Dziubla Thomas D. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDespite advances in surgical methods, postsurgical adhesions (PSA) remain a significant clinical challenge affecting millions of patients each year. These permanent fibrous connections between tissues result from the bridging of wounded internal surfaces by an extended fibrin gel matrix (FGM). Adhesion formation is a result of a systems level convergence of wound healing pathways, complicating the design of materials that could inhibit their occurrence. In this study, a systematic approach that identifies key material properties required for functional performance optimization was used to design a new fibrin‐targeted PSA prevention material. A series of multifunctional polymers with varied molecular architectures was synthesized to investigate the effect of changing polymer structural parameters on the ability to disrupt the formation of an extended FGM. Initial studies in a murine adhesion model demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in the degree of PSA formation, demonstrating the potential value of this systematic approach. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
The relationships between perioperative CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 and recurrence in gastric cancer patients after curative radical gastrectomy
Authors: Kim Dae Hoon , Oh Seung Jong , Oh Cheong Ah , Choi Min Gew , Noh Jae Hyung , Sohn Tae Sung , Bae Jae Moon , Kim Sung 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe correlation between perioperative CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 and recurrence of gastric cancer has not been clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between perioperative CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 and recurrence of gastric cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the relationships between the tumor markers CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 and recurrence of gastric cancer.ResultsIn patients with early gastric cancer, the recurrence sensitivity of postoperative CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 was 40.0, 5.6, and 2.8%, respectively. And in patients with advanced gastric cancer, the recurrence sensitivity of postoperative CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 was 100.0, 68.2, and 51.3%, respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that an increase in postoperative CEA in early gastric cancer was an independent prognostic factor of recurrence. In patients with advanced gastric cancer, age >60 years, stage III, and postoperative CEA increase and CA 72‐4 increase were independent prognostic factors of recurrence.ConclusionsFor patients with advanced gastric cancer, CEA, CA 19‐9, and CA 72‐4 are considered useful for follow‐up tests. Although, CEA is considered useful for follow‐up test for patients with early gastric cancer, but CA19‐9 and CA72‐4 are less useful due to their low sensitivity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:585–591. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Thermoresponsive Interpolymeric Complex Assemblies from Co‐association of Linear PAAc Homopolymers with PNIPAAm Segments Containing PAAc‐Based Graft Copolymer
Authors: Chiang Wen‐Hsuan , Hsu Yuan‐Hung , Chen Yi‐Wei , Chern Chorng‐Shyan , Chiu Hsin‐Cheng 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn aqueous solution at pH 3.0 and 20 °C, poly(acrylic acid)‐g‐poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)/monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (PAAc‐g‐PNIPAAm/mPEG) can assemble spontaneously with linear poly(acrylic acid) homopolymers (homoPAAc) into interpolymeric complexes (IPC). The resultant IPC assemblies exhibit a core–corona structure consisting of a hydrophobic PAAc/PNIPAAm complex core surrounded by hydrated PNIPAAm/mPEG coronas. At temperatures above 30 °C, the assemblies transform into a core–shell–corona micelle. Highly loose, irregular IPC assemblies developed at a reduced weight ratio of homoPAAc with the graft copolymer at 20 °C show particle size enlargement and structural variation above 30 °C. By contrast, co‐assembly of long homoPAAc chains with the copolymer leads to large aggregates comprising several IPC assemblies interconnected by homoPAAc chain segments. magnified image
Simulation of south Asian physical environment using various cumulus parameterization schemes of MM5
Authors: Sardar Sabir , Ahmad Idrees , Raza Syed Shoaib , Irfan Naseem 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the effect of a selected convective parameterized scheme in a mesoscale model on the predicted precipitation using the fifth‐generation Mesoscale Model (MM5). Four cumulus parameterization schemes in MM5, the Grell scheme, the Kain–Fritsch scheme, the Anthes–Kuo scheme and the Betts–Miller scheme were tested to predict the monthly accumulated precipitation in a south Asian region of complex topography during the summer monsoon season (July and August) for the years 1998 and 2001. The simulated results of precipitation were compared with the satellite‐derived data of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Comparison of simulated precipitation patterns revealed that the Grell scheme realistically captured the rainfall patterns over the southern plain areas of the region which receive lesser precipitation throughout the year. This scheme was also in good agreement with the TRMM data for lesser amounts of precipitation over northern mountainous areas, though it showed underestimated results for heavy precipitation over the region. The rainfall patterns over the northern mountainous areas were captured well by the Kain–Fritsch scheme for heavy precipitation while this scheme slightly over predicted the precipitation trends in the southern plain areas. The Anthes–Kuo and the Betts–Miller schemes were not able to simulate the rainfall for this complex terrain satisfactorily. The set of physical options used in MM5 for precipitation in this study was also tested for some other meteorological parameters such as ambient temperature, potential temperature, relative humidity and the moist static energy and the results were validated against the Reanalysis data of US National Centre for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). It was found that the scheme that successfully simulated precipitation also predicted these other parameters well. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
From mummers to new media: captivity, liberation, and the church of life after shopping
Authors: Berthon Pierre , Fischer Katrin , DesAutels Philip 
Published: June 2011

With the rise of new media, it is easy to overlook, not only old media but also mummery—the arcane medium of the flesh—street performances, stage shows, plays, and carnivals. In this paper, we look at the case of Reverend Billy and the Church of Life After Shopping. We begin by re‐introducing the term ‘mummer’ as a traditional medium of expression and conceptually locate it relative to both old and new media. We then provide a brief introduction to captivity narrative studies, specifically looking at the role of humor in providing aesthetic freedom in incarceration. Reverend Billy and the Church of Life After Shopping serve as our case study to show how humor can be used to liberate citizens' thinking around the three Cs of American political ideology: church, capitalism, and consumption; and to highlight how Reverend adroitly integrates the medium mummery, old media, and new media into a unified whole to free consumers from the dominant ideology of US political interlocution. We conclude by offering ways to extend and elaborate upon this research.

Mummery
Captivity studies
New mediaCopyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A descriptive study evaluating Health Canada's risk communications
Authors: Bateman Justin , Charrois Theresa L. , Gardiner Paula , Vohra Sunita 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTPurposeRisk assessment for natural health products (NHPs) may not be evaluated similarly to therapeutic products by Health Canada in terms of notification of harms to consumers and health professionals. In this descriptive study, we evaluated risk communications (RCs) issued by Health Canada for NHPs and for therapeutic products, looking for differences in a number of variables.MethodsRisk communications issued by Health Canada in 2006 were independently evaluated by two investigators for whether the harm was actual or potential, for the seriousness and nature of harm, the origin of report, publication type, and degree of association. Disagreements were brought before a third reviewer for adjudication.ResultsDuring the study period, Health Canada issued 42 RCs for each of NHPs and therapeutic products. Most (86%) NHP RCs were issued for potential harm from contamination and adulteration, whereas 69% of therapeutic product RCs were issued due to actual harms (p < 0.0001). Two deaths had been associated with NHP use, compared with 15 deaths associated with the use of therapeutic products (p = 0.0048). The degree of association between product and harm was higher among NHP RCs compared with that among therapeutic product RCs (p < 0.0001). All reports issued for NHPs originated from foreign sources or Health Canada, whereas 69% of therapeutic product RCs were issued by drug manufacturers.ConclusionsWe identified important differences in the RCs issued for NHPs versus those for therapeutic products. Standardized formats for RCs are recommended. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microcellular poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate)‐hyperbranched polymer–nanoclay nanocomposites
Authors: Javadi Alireza , Srithep Yottha , Pilla Srikanth , Clemons Craig C. , Gong Shaoqin , Turng Lih‐Sheng 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe effects of incorporating hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) and different nanoclays [Cloisite® 30B and halloysite nanotubes (HNT)] on the mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of solid and microcellular poly(hydroxybutyrate‐co‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) were investigated. According to the X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses, Cloisite 30B exhibited a combination of exfoliation and heterogeneous intercalation structure for both solid and microcellular PHBV–12% HBP–2% Cloisite 30B nanocomposites. TEM images indicated that HNTs were uniformly dispersed throughout the PHBV matrix. The addition of 2% nanoclays improved the thermal stability of the resulting nanocomposites. The addition of HBP+poly(maleic anhydride‐alt‐1‐octadecene) (PA), Cloisite 30B, and HNT reduced the average cell size and increased the cell density of the microcellular components. The addition of (HBP+PA), Cloisite 30B, and HNT also increased the degree of crystallinity for both solid and microcellular components in comparison with neat PHBV. Also, with the addition of 12% (HBP+PA), the area under the tan‐δ curve, specific toughness, and strain‐at‐break of the PHBV–HBP nanocomposite increased significantly for both solid and microcellular specimens, whereas the storage modulus, specific Young's modulus, and specific tensile strength decreased. The addition of 2% nanoclays into the PHBV–HBP nanocomposites improved the storage modulus, specific Young's modulus, and specific tensile strength of the PHBV–HBP–nanoclay‐based nanocomposites, but they were still lower than those of the neat PHBV. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
Modeling nonlinear viscoelasticity in polymers for design using finite element analysis
Authors: Dean G.D. , McCartney L.N. , Mera R. , Urquhart J.M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA nonlinear viscoelastic model is described that can predict the time‐dependent deformation of a polymer under a multiaxial stress. The main material property requirements are tensile creep compliances over a suitable time range and at different stress levels over which creep behavior is nonlinear. Some creep data under uniaxial compression are also required. Relationships are derived between multiaxial stress and strain components for arbitrary stress or strain histories. The model has been coded into a finite element system to enable stress analyses to be carried out on objects of complex geometry. The validity of the model is explored through comparisons of predicted and measured results from a test that is designed to produce a predominantly shear stress state in the gauge region of the specimen. Results are presented for loadings under constant stress and constant deformation rate. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2011 Society of Plastics Engineers
A comparison of conventional Everhart‐Thornley style and in‐lens secondary electron detectors—a further variable in scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Griffin Brendan J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe secondary electron (SE) imaging of several samples across a range of scanning electron microscopes (SEM) and SE detectors under matched operating conditions has generated a highly variable image data set. Using microanalytical conditions (10–15 kV), images from in‐column SE detectors reveal the presence of surface films and contaminants that are invisible to conventional Everhart–Thornley SE detectors under the same conditions. Data from studying the effects of working distance, the image resolution derived through contrast transfer function analysis and electrostatic mirror imaging of the SE detectors in operation combine with other studies to suggest that the classically defined SE1 component can be separated from other SE components. SE images obtained by tailored mechanical design and energy‐filtering will provide SE images with probe‐sized resolution and dominated by surface detail currently only seen in low‐voltage SEM, potentially even from thermionic‐sourced columns. SCANNING 33: 162–173, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.