bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective Synthesis of Arylglycine Derivatives by Asymmetric Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Imines.
Authors: Yamamoto Yasunori , Takahashi Yoshinori , Kurihara Kazunori , Miyaura Norio 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA variety of arylglycine derivatives (III) and (V) is prepared by Rh‐catalyzed asymmetric addition of arylboronic acids towards imino ester (I).
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3‐b][1,5]oxazepines by Ring Closure of O‐Glycosyl Amino Acids.
Authors: Khodair Ahmed I. , Schmidt Richard R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractSelective addition of N‐Boc‐protected (L)‐serine ester (II) to tribenzyloxy‐2‐nitrogalactal (I) results in the formation of α‐galactoside (III) possessing two new stereogenic centers.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 6‐Aryl‐2′‐deoxyuridine Nucleosides via a Liebeskind Cross‐Coupling Methodology.
Authors: Koegler Martin , De Jonghe Steven , Herdewijn Piet 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe base‐sensitive protected nucleoside (I) is successfully coupled with boronic acids using the base‐free Liebeskind cross‐coupling methodology to afford 6‐substituted derivatives (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Development of Asymmetric Phosphine‐Promoted Annulations of Allenes with Electron‐Deficient Olefins and Imines
Authors: Zhao Qian‐Yi , Lian Zhong , Wei Yin , Shi Min 
Published: April 2012

AbstractReview: synthesis of cyclopentanes, pyrroles, pyridines etc.; 100 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Bioelectrochemical Systems (BES) for Sustainable Energy Production and Product Recovery from Organic Wastes and Industrial Wastewaters.
Authors: Pant Deepak , Singh Anoop , Van Bogaert Gilbert , Olsen Stig Irving , Nigam Poonam Singh , Diels Ludo , Vanbroekhoven Karolien 
Published: April 2012

AbstractReview: 162 refs.
Scalable Equipment for Process Development
Authors: Kockmann Norbert 
Published: April 2012

AbstractDas Hochskalieren von Prozessen ist die Erhöhung der Durchsatzmenge oder der Produktionskapazität eines chemischen Prozesses unter vergleichbaren Prozessbedingungen. Der Einsatz und die Scale‐up‐Strategie von kontinuierlich betriebenen mikrostrukturierten und konventionellen Rohrreaktoren werden beschrieben. Dimensionslose Kennzahlen zur Strömung und die Energiedissipation im Mischkanal bestimmen die Vermischung und den Wärmeübergang. Kinetische Parameter exothermer Reaktionen werden vorgestellt, die das sichere Hochskalieren mit verändertem Wärmeübergang beschreiben. Insgesamt wird das Hochskalieren durch modular aufgebaute Apparate erleichtert, die mithilfe der Plattformstrategie auf verschiedenen Niveaus des Durchsatzes oder anderer Prozessparameter konzipiert werden. Ein Beispiel erläutert das Hochskalieren eines pharmazeutischen Prozesses bis in den Tonnen‐Maßstab.
50 % Idea: Modularization in Process Design
Authors: Bramsiepe Christian , Schembecker Gerhard 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIm Rahmen der 50 %‐Idee stellt die Modularisierung einen zentralen Ansatz zur Beschleunigung der Projektdurchlaufzeiten dar. In diesem Zusammenhang werden zunächst verschiedene Sichtweisen auf die Modularisierung bei der Planung chemischer Produktionsanlagen beschrieben. Es werden drei Modultypen eingeführt und deren Einfluss auf den Planungsprozess dargelegt. Abschließend werden die Vorteile eines modularisierten Planungsprozesses im Gesamtkonzept der 50 %‐Idee diskutiert und erforderliche Forschungsarbeiten umrissen.
Effects of brief stress exposure during early postnatal development in balb/CByJ mice: I. Behavioral characterization
Authors: Hohmann Christine F. , Hodges Amber , Beard Nakia , Aneni Justin 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEarly life stress has been linked to the etiology of mental health disorders. Rodent models of neonatal maternal separation stress frequently have been used to explore the long‐term effects of early stress on changes in affective and cognitive behaviors. However, most current paradigms risk metabolic deprivation, due to prolonged periods of pup removal from the dam. We have developed a new paradigm in Balb/CByJ mice, that combines very brief periods of maternal separation with temperature stress to avoid the confound of nutritional deficiencies. We have also included a within‐litter control group of pups that are not removed from the dam. The present experiments provide an initial behavioral characterization of this new model. We show that neonatally stressed mice display increased anxiety and aggression along with increased locomotion but decreased exploratory behavior. In contrast, littermate controls show increased exploration of novelty, compared to age‐matched, colony‐reared controls. Behavioral changes in our briefly stressed mice substantially concur with the existing literature, except that we were unable to observe any cognitive deficits in our paradigm. However, we show that within litter control pups also sustain behavioral changes suggesting complex and long‐lasting interactions between different environmental factors in early postnatal life. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 283–293, 2013
Neural stem cells, adult neurogenesis, and galectin‐1: From bench to bedside
Authors: Sakaguchi Masanori , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNeural stem cells (NSCs) in the adult brain have been a consistent focus of biomedical research largely because of their potential clinical application. To fully exploit this potential, the molecular mechanisms that regulate NSCs must be clarified. Several lines of evidence show that a multifunctional protein, Galectin‐1, is expressed and has a functional role in a subset of adult NSCs. Researchers, including our group, have explored the physiological role of Galectin‐1 in NSCs and its application in the treatment of animal models of neurological disorders such as brain ischemia and spinal cord injury. Here, we summarize what is currently known regarding the role of Galectin‐1 in adult NSCs. Furthermore, we discuss current issues in researching the role of Galectin‐1 in adult NSCs under both physiological and pathological conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 1059–1067, 2012
A fight for survival: The challenges faced by a newborn neuron integrating in the adult hippocampus
Authors: Bergami Matteo , Berninger Benedikt 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe hippocampus is one of the only two regions in the adult mammalian brain endowed with life‐long neurogenesis. Yet this adult neurogenesis is a challenging process as newborn neurons face several times life‐and‐death decisions while in the process of stably integrating into a pre‐existing network. Here we describe the morphological and physiological changes a young neuron experiences during its first few weeks of life of stepwise integration into the circuit. This process is competitive in nature, with only few of the newly generated neurons being awarded with a grant of survival. Although the underlying mechanisms are far from being understood, evidence suggests that this competition for stable integration and survival amongst cohorts of newborn neurons occurs to large degree on a synaptic level and may involve specific patterns of neural activity. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 72: 1016–1031, 2012
Hox‐mediated regulation of doublesex sculpts sex‐specific abdomen morphology in Drosophila
Authors: Wang Wei , Yoder John H. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground: Hox transcription factors are deeply conserved proteins that guide development through regulation of diverse target genes. Furthermore, alteration in Hox target cis‐regulation has been proposed as a major mechanism of animal morphological evolution. Crucial to understanding how homeotic genes sculpt the developing body and contribute to the evolution of form is identification and characterization of regulatory targets. Because target specificity is achieved through physical or genetic interactions with cofactors or co‐regulators, characterizing interactions between homeotic genes and regulatory partners is also critical. In Drosophila melanogaster, sexually dimorphic abdominal morphology results from sex‐specific gene regulation mediated by the Hox protein Abdominal‐B (Abd‐B) and products of the sex‐determination gene doublesex (dsx). Together these transcription factors regulate numerous sex‐specific characters, including pigmentation, cuticle morphology, and abdominal segment number. Results: We show Dsx expression in the developing D. melanogaster pupal abdomen is spatiotemporally dynamic, correlating with segments that undergo sexually dimorphic morphogenesis. Furthermore, our genetic analyses show Dsx expression is Abd‐B dependent. Conclusions: Doublesex and Abd‐B are not only requisite co‐regulators of sexually dimorphic abdominal morphology. We propose that dsx is itself a transcriptional target of Abd‐B. These data present a testable hypothesis about the evolution of sexually dimorphic segment number in Diptera. Developmental Dynamics 241:1076–1090, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interaction of Vanadium with Iron and Antimony at 870 and 1070 K
Authors: Romaka Vitaliy V. , Romaka Lyubov , Stadnyk Yuriy , Gvozdetskii Volodymyr , Gladyshevskii Roman , Skryabina Nathaliya , Melnychenko Nathaliya , Hlukhyy Viktor , Fässler Thomas 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe isothermal sections of the phase diagram of the V–Fe–Sb ternary system have been constructed at 870 and 1070 K by means of X‐ray and electron‐probe microanalyzer (EPMA) analyses over the whole concentration range. The existence of the one ternary phase, VFeSb, with MgAgAs‐ and Ni2In‐type structures was observed at 870 and 1070 K, respectively. The solid solution formed based on the binary Fe2–xSb (Ni2In‐type) compound reaches up to 12 at.‐% of V at 870 K and 40 at.‐% at 1070 K, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and electronic structure calculations showed the absence of a VFeSb polymorph phase transition and indicate that the hexagonal phase is part of the VyFe2–xSb solid solution.
Synthesis of Amines from Alcohols in a Nonepimerizing One‐Pot Sequence – Synthesis of Bioactive Compounds: Cinacalcet and Dexoxadrol
Authors: Guérin Claire , Bellosta Véronique , Guillamot Gérard , Cossy Janine 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA general, mild, and chemoselective one‐pot oxidation/imine‐iminium formation/nucleophilic addition sequence allowing the N‐alkylation of amines by alcohols is described. This metal‐free, one‐pot sequence produced a wide variety of amines in good yields and diastereoselectivities, without the epimerization of the enantioenriched amines or alcohols involved in the process. This method was applied to the syntheses of the biologically active compounds cinacalcet and dexoxadrol.
Genomic instability in chronic renal failure patients
Authors: Sandoval Silvia B. , Pastor Susana , Stoyanova Elitsa , Rodríguez‐Ribera Lara , García‐Quispes Wilser A. , Coll Elisabet , Reyes Joselyn , Andrés Enrique , Ballarin José , Marcos Ricard 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPatients suffering chronic renal failure (CRF) exhibit a high incidence of cancer, as well as high levels of genetic damage. We hypothesized that these patients show genomic instability as measured by increased radiosensitivity to the induction of genetic damage. The background levels of genetic damage and the net genetic damage after in vitro irradiation with 0.5 Gy were analyzed using the micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 174 CRF patients and 53 controls. The net radiation‐induced genetic damage was significantly higher in CRF patients with respect to controls. Among CRF patients, the levels of genetic damage were higher in those with prior incidence of cancer than in those without cancer; in addition, those CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis presented with higher levels of genetic damage than those in the advanced Stages (4–5) of the pathology. A positive association was observed between basal and net micronucleus frequency among CFR patients. However, no association was found between net genetic damage and parameters linked to the different stages of the pathology, such as urine creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rate. Our results indicate that CRF patients show increased radiosensitivity and that the degree of radiosensitivity is associated with the progression of the pathological stage of the disease. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using video-tracking to assess sublethal effects of pesticides on honey bees (Apis mellifera L.)
Authors: Teeters Bethany S. , Johnson Reed M. , Ellis Marion D. , Siegfried Blair D. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Concern about the role of pesticides in honey bee decline has highlighted the need to examine the effects of sublethal exposure on bee behaviors. The video-tracking system EthoVisionXT (Noldus Information Technologies) was used to measure the effects of sublethal exposure to tau-fluvalinate and imidacloprid on honey bee locomotion, interactions, and time spent near a food source over a 24-h observation period. Bees were either treated topically with 0.3, 1.5, and 3 µg tau-fluvalinate or exposed to 0.05, 0.5, 5.0, 50, and 500 ppb imidacloprid in a sugar agar cube. Tau-fluvalinate caused a significant reduction in distance moved at all dose levels (p &lt; 0.05), as did 50 and 500 ppb imidacloprid (p &lt; 0.001). Bees exposed to 50 and 500 ppb spent significantly more time near the food source than control bees (p &lt; 0.05). Interaction time decreased as time in the food zone increased for both chemicals. This study documents that video-tracking of bee behavior can enhance current protocols for measuring the effects of pesticides on honey bees at sublethal levels. It may provide a means of identifying problematic compounds for further testing. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1349–1354. © 2012 SETAC
Ranking ecological risks of multiple chemical stressors on amphibians
Authors: Fedorenkova Anastasia , Vonk J. Arie , Lenders H. J. Rob , Creemers Raymond C.M. , Breure Anton M. , Hendriks A. Jan 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Populations of amphibians have been declining worldwide since the late 1960s. Despite global concern, no studies have quantitatively assessed the major causes of this decline. In the present study, species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were developed to analyze the sensitivity of anurans for ammonium, nitrate, heavy metals (cadmium, copper), pesticides (18 compounds), and acidification (pH) based on laboratory toxicity data. Ecological risk (ER) was calculated as the probability that a measured environmental concentration of a particular stressor in habitats where anurans were observed would exceed the toxic effect concentrations derived from the species sensitivity distributions. The assessment of ER was used to rank the stressors according to their potential risk to anurans based on a case study of Dutch freshwater bodies. The derived ERs revealed that threats to populations of anurans decreased in the sequence of pH, copper, diazinon, ammonium, and endosulfan. Other stressors studied were of minor importance. The method of deriving ER by combining field observation data and laboratory data provides insight into potential threats to species in their habitats and can be used to prioritize stressors, which is necessary to achieve effective management in amphibian conservation. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1416–1421. © 2012 SETAC
Beta oscillations relate to the N400m during language comprehension
Authors: Wang Lin , Jensen Ole , van den Brink Danielle , Weder Nienke , Schoffelen Jan‐Mathijs , Magyari Lilla , Hagoort Peter , Bastiaansen Marcel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe relationship between the evoked responses (ERPs/ERFs) and the event‐related changes in EEG/MEG power that can be observed during sentence‐level language comprehension is as yet unclear. This study addresses a possible relationship between MEG power changes and the N400m component of the event‐related field. Whole‐head MEG was recorded while subjects listened to spoken sentences with incongruent (IC) or congruent (C) sentence endings. A clear N400m was observed over the left hemisphere, and was larger for the IC sentences than for the C sentences. A time–frequency analysis of power revealed a decrease in alpha and beta power over the left hemisphere in roughly the same time range as the N400m for the IC relative to the C condition. A linear regression analysis revealed a positive linear relationship between N400m and beta power for the IC condition, not for the C condition. No such linear relation was found between N400m and alpha power for either condition. The sources of the beta decrease were estimated in the LIFG, a region known to be involved in semantic unification operations. One source of the N400m was estimated in the left superior temporal region, which has been related to lexical retrieval. We interpret our data within a framework in which beta oscillations are inversely related to the engagement of task‐relevant brain networks. The source reconstructions of the beta power suppression and the N400m effect support the notion of a dynamic communication between the LIFG and the left superior temporal region during language comprehension. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Suppression of natural killer‐cell and dendritic‐cell apoptotic tumoricidal activity in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Baskic Dejan , Vujanovic Lazar , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Whiteside Theresa L. , Myers Eugene N. , Vujanovic Nikola L. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundNatural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DCs) mediate tumor cell apoptosis using tumor necrosis factor superfamily ligands (TNFSFLs). This cytotoxicity is an important anticancer immune defense mechanism.MethodsWe examined TNFSFL expression and apoptotic tumoricidal activity (ATA) of purified NK cells and DCs, and peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (PBMLs) of healthy individuals and patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) before and after cancer ablation.ResultsPBMLs, NK cells and DCs, but not NK‐cell/DC‐depleted PBMLs, expressed multiple TNFSFLs and mediated ATA. Both TNFSFL expression and ATA were suppressed in tumor‐bearing, and restored in tumor‐ablated patients with (HNC) Soluble TNF superfamily receptors (solTNFSFRs) were increasingly bound by PBNLs of tumor‐bearing HNC patients. Dissociation of solTNFSFR led to more pronounced increases in TNFSFL expression and ATA of PBMLs of patients with HNC than healthy individuals.ConclusionNK‐cell and DC TNFSFL expression and ATA are suppressed in patients with HNC. This suppression is tumor‐dependent and possibly mediated by solTNFSFRs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2013
Targeting Aurora A kinase activity with the investigational agent alisertib increases the efficacy of cytarabine through a FOXO‐dependent mechanism
Authors: Kelly Kevin R. , Nawrocki Steffan T. , Espitia Claudia M. , Zhang Mengkun , Yang Johnny J. , Padmanabhan Swaminathan , Ecsedy Jeffrey , Giles Francis J. , Carew Jennifer S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNovel therapies are urgently needed to improve clinical outcomes for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The investigational drug alisertib (MLN8237) is a novel Aurora A kinase inhibitor being studied in multiple Phase I and II studies. We investigated the preclinical efficacy and pharmacodynamics of alisertib in AML cell lines, primary AML cells and mouse models of AML. Here, we report that alisertib disrupted cell viability, diminished clonogenic survival, induced expression of the FOXO3a targets p27 and BIM and triggered apoptosis. A link between Aurora A expression and sensitivity to ara‐C was established, suggesting that Aurora A inhibition may be a promising strategy to increase the efficacy of ara‐C. Accordingly, alisertib significantly potentiated the antileukemic activity of ara‐C in both AML cell lines and primary blasts. Targeted FOXO3a knockdown significantly blunted the pro‐apoptotic effects of the alisertib/ara‐C combination, indicating that it is an important regulator of sensitivity to these agents. In vivo studies demonstrated that alisertib significantly augmented the efficacy of ara‐C without affecting its pharmacokinetic profile and led to the induction of p27 and BIM. Our collective data indicate that targeting Aurora A with alisertib represents a novel approach to increase the efficacy of ara‐C that warrants further investigation.
Next‐generation sequencing fails to identify human virus sequences in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ganzenmueller Tina , Yakushko Yuri , Kluba Jeanette , Henke‐Gendo Cornelia , Gutzmer Ralf , Schulz Thomas F. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) shows a strongly increased incidence in solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs) and AIDS patients, suggesting an infectious etiology. The role of certain viruses, i.e., cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs), in NMSC in immunosuppressed patients remains controversial. Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), which was recently identified using high‐throughput sequencing, has been linked to cutaneous proliferations. Here, we aimed to identify novel or known viral sequences at the transcript level in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from OTR by using 454 high‐throughput pyrosequencing, which can produce long reads (∼400 bp) and thus is better suited for the analysis of unknown sequences than other sequencing platforms. cDNA libraries from three OTR SCC biopsies were generated and submitted to next‐generation sequencing using a 454 platform. Bioinformatic analysis included digital transcriptome subtraction and—in parallel—reference mapping as an alternative way for depleting human sequences. All control sequences introduced for bioinformatics analysis were recovered correctly. Among 717,029 454‐sequenced transcripts, nearly all identified viral reads were derived from phages. Bacterial sequences originated from the skin flora or environmental sources. Our study did not reveal any transcripts of known oncogenic or related unknown human viruses. These findings suggest that there is no abundant expression of known human viruses, or viruses with a high degree of homology to known human viruses, in cutaneous SCCs of OTR. Further studies are required to exclude the presence of viruses in NMSC, which cannot easily be identified on the basis of sequence homology to known viruses.
Iron enhances generation of fibrin fibers in human blood: Implications for pathogenesis of stroke
Authors: Lipinski Boguslaw , Pretorius Etheresia , Oberholzer Hester Magdalena , Van Der Spuy Wendy Jeanette 
Published: April 2012

AbstractStroke is associated with the intracerebral formation of fibrin clots which may lead to irreversible brain damage. Thrombolytic therapies employ a variety of natural and/or recombinant plasminogen activators to initiate fibrinolytic degradation of cerebral thrombi. However, such therapies when installed beyond 4‐ to 6‐h window, may fail to achieve the expected outcome. This is due to the hydroxyl radical‐induced modification of fibrin(ogen) molecules rendering them refractory to fibrinolytic degradation, but no cause of the increased free radical generation in stroke was offered. Here, we show by means of electron microscopy that iron ions added to human blood dramatically enhances fibrin fibers formation with thrombin, and significantly delays fibrinolysis during spontaneous clotting of native blood. Iron ions caused the appearance dense matted fibrin deposits, similar, if not identical, to those observed in plasma of patients with stroke. These results may explain a known relationship between thrombotic diseases and the increased body concentrations of free iron and/or hemoglobin derivatives. We conclude that any action resulting in the inhibition of hemostatic abnormalities, as well as in the reduction of body free iron and scavenging of hydroxyl radicals (e.g., by polyphenols) can potentially prevent pathological reactions associated with consequences of stroke. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:1185–1190, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.