bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quality of Life in School (QoLS) Questionnaire: Development and Validity
Authors: Weintraub Naomi , Bar-Haim Erez Asnat 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We describe the development and examination of the construct validity of the Quality of Life in School (QoLS) questionnaire for elementary-age students.
METHOD. The QoLS evolved through four phases in which we devised its items and examined its construct validity. Examination of the construct validity of the final version of the QoLS included 353 students in third through sixth grades.
RESULTS. Factor analysis identified four categories within the questionnaire’s items: student–teacher relations, school and classroom physical environment, positive feelings toward school, and negative feelings toward school. Internal consistency indicated a high correlation among the items in each of the factors. In addition, third-grade students reported significantly higher perception of school quality of life (QOL) than their older peers.
CONCLUSION. The QoLS may assist clinicians and educators in evaluating students’ school QOL from a multidimensional perspective, including the school’s physical environment, which has received little attention.
Measuring Usability of Assistive Technology From a Multicontextual Perspective: The Case of Power Wheelchairs
Authors: Arthanat Sajay , Nochajski Susan M. , Lenker James A. , Bauer Stephen M. , Wu Yow Wu B. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Assistive technology (AT) devices enable people with disabilities to function in multiple contexts and activities. The usability of such devices is fundamentally indicative of the user’s level of participation in multiple roles and occupations. Seventy people who used power wheelchairs were interviewed using a novel tool, the Usability Scale for Assistive Technology (USAT). The USAT uses a human factors science framework to investigate the wheelchair user’s perceived independence in mobility-related activities within home, workplace, community, and outdoors in accordance with the characteristics of the wheelchair, environmental factors, and abilities and skills of the user to operate the wheelchair. Descriptive analysis of the data revealed usability issues with the use of power wheelchairs in all contexts. Users confronted far more significant issues within the community and outdoor environment compared with those at home and in the workplace. These issues have been elucidated and applied to an intervention framework with relevance to a multitude of AT stakeholders.
Drivers With Dementia and Outcomes of Becoming Lost While Driving
Authors: Hunt Linda A. , Brown Alaina E. , Gilman Isaac P. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Researchers of driving and dementia have reported that drivers with early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may continue to drive for extended periods of time, as long as their driving is evaluated or monitored. The earliest symptoms of AD are known to include loss of recent memory and the inability to recognize familiar environments. In an exploratory study, we examined 207 reports of lost drivers with dementia over 10 yr reported by newspapers and media. Seventy AD drivers were not found, 32 drivers were found dead, and 116 drivers were found alive, although of those found alive, 35 people were found injured. Miles driven and days missing were also reported in some cases, in addition to cause of death (such as drowning or exposure to weather). Becoming lost may have serious consequences. Additional research is needed in this area to more clearly understand the consequences of becoming lost while driving.
Test Acceptability and Confidence Levels in Older Adults Referred for Fitness-to-Drive Evaluations
Authors: Dalchow Jami L. , Niewoehner Patricia M. , Henderson Rochelle R. , Carr David B. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
In this study, we examined confidence and face validity or client acceptability of tests used in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center driving clinic. The clinic used evidence-based off-road tests and adopted the Washington University Road Test (WURT) as a performance-based on-road examination. Forty-three clients consented to participate in the study; most were male with an average age of 78.2 years (standard deviation = 12.6). In general, a trend existed toward higher client acceptability of tests adopted from the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (Stern & White, 2003) and the WURT than of other off-road measures. Confidence decreased after administration of the psychometric test battery, yet it increased after the on-road evaluations despite a 47% failure rate in the sample. Additional study is needed on test acceptability because it may have the potential to increase understanding, compliance, or both with driving recommendations. Additional research is also needed to examine client confidence levels and their potential impact on performance during the driving evaluation process.
Evaluation of On-Road Driving in People With Hemianopia and Quadrantanopia
Authors: Elgin Jennifer , McGwin Gerald , Wood Joanne M. , Vaphiades Michael S. , Braswell Ronald A. , DeCarlo Dawn K. , Kline Lanning B. , Owsley Cynthia 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To examine whether some drivers with hemianopia or quadrantanopia display safe driving skills on the road compared with drivers with normal visual fields.
METHOD. An occupational therapist evaluated 22 people with hemianopia, 8 with quadrantanopia, and 30 with normal vision for driving skills during naturalistic driving using six rating scales.
RESULTS. Of drivers with normal vision, &gt;90% drove flawlessly or had minor errors. Although drivers with hemianopia were more likely to receive poorer ratings for all skills, 59.1%–81.8% performed with no or minor errors. A skill commonly problematic for them was lane keeping (40.9%). Of 8 drivers with quadrantanopia, 7 (87.5%) exhibited no or minor errors.
CONCLUSION. This study of people with hemianopia or quadrantanopia with no lateral spatial neglect highlights the need to provide individual opportunities for on-road driving evaluation under natural traffic conditions if a person is motivated to return to driving after brain injury.
Driving Performance and Susceptibility to Simulator Sickness: Are They Related?
Authors: Mullen Nadia W. , Weaver Bruce , Riendeau Julie A. , Morrison Laura E. , Bédard Michel 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
We examined whether participants who failed to complete a simulated drive because of simulator sickness (dropouts) differed from those who completed the simulation (completers). Thirteen healthy older adult dropouts (mean age = 74.8 yr) and 12 comparable completers were compared on the following variables: on-road driving performance, the Useful Field of View® test, the Attention Network Test, and the Trail Making Test Part A. Results showed that completers scored more demerit points during the on-road drive than did dropouts. In addition, only 1 of 13 comparisons based on participants’ cognition was statistically significant. These results suggest that in healthy senior drivers, simulator sickness does not prevent examination of those who need it most (i.e., those with the poorest on-road driving performance) and that cognitive differences are not associated with dropping out because of simulator sickness.
Item Development and Validity Testing for a Self- and Proxy Report: The Safe Driving Behavior Measure
Authors: Classen Sherrilene , Winter Sandra M. , Velozo Craig A. , Bédard Michel , Lanford Desiree N. , Brumback Babette , Lutz Barbara J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVE. We report on item development and validity testing of a self-report older adult safe driving behaviors measure (SDBM).METHOD. On the basis of theoretical frameworks (Precede–Proceed Model of Health Promotion, Haddon’s matrix, and Michon’s model), existing driving measures, and previous research and guided by measurement theory, we developed items capturing safe driving behavior. Item development was further informed by focus groups. We established face validity using peer reviewers and content validity using expert raters.RESULTS. Peer review indicated acceptable face validity. Initial expert rater review yielded a scale content validity index (CVI) rating of 0.78, with 44 of 60 items rated ≥0.75. Sixteen unacceptable items (≤0.5) required major revision or deletion. The next CVI scale average was 0.84, indicating acceptable content validity.CONCLUSION. The SDBM has relevance as a self-report to rate older drivers. Future pilot testing of the SDBM comparing results with on-road testing will define criterion validity.
Alternative Synthesewege zum Ethylen
Authors: Behr A. , Kleyensteiber A. , Hartge U. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEthylen ist der bedeutendste Baustein der industriellen organischen Chemie. Seine Folgechemie ist äußerst vielfältig und die aus Ethylen hergestellten Produkte sind ein ständiger Bestandteil unseres täglichen Lebens. Derzeit ist Ethylen fast ausschließlich über thermische Crackprozesse von Kohlenwasserstoffen zugänglich. Die immer stärker ins Bewusstsein tretende natürliche Begrenzung der Erdölvorräte und damit des Hauptrohstoffs für die Basischemikalie Ethylen hat das Interesse an alternativen Zugangsrouten neu belebt. Diese Übersicht betrachtet die bekannten Synthesewege und beschreibt einen Prozess zur Herstellung von Ethylen, der sich auch für kleinere Produktionsmaßstäbe eignet.
Distribution of kinetochore fragments during mitosis with unreplicated genomes
Authors: Johnson Mary Kathrine , Wise Dwayne A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWhen hydroxyurea and caffeine are added to Chinese hamster ovary cells, the cells bypass the S‐phase checkpoint, and enter unscheduled mitosis. These cells build a morphologically normal spindle, and distribute unreplicated kinetochore fragments to daughters. We examined these cells and found that they undergo a full repertoire of mitotic stages, with the exception of anaphase B. Spindle elongation did not occur in these cells. When taxol was added, treated cells arrested indicating that microtubule turnover was necessary for kinetochore fragment separation. When released from taxol arrest, these cells divided. Finally, we determined that mitosis with unreplicated genome cells separated kinetochore fragments relatively equally. This mitosis is minimal, but still successful in kinetochore separation, which provides insight into the mechanism of anaphase movement. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Altered renal proximal tubular endocytosis and histology in mice lacking myosin‐VI
Authors: Gotoh Nanami , Yan Qingshang , Du Zhaopeng , Biemesderfer Daniel , Kashgarian Michael , Mooseker Mark S. , Wang Tong 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMyosin VI (Myo6) is an actin‐based molecular motor involved in clathrin‐mediated endocytosis that is highly expressed in the renal proximal tubule brush border. We investigated the renal physiological consequences of loss of Myo6 function by performing renal clearance and physiological measurements on Myo6 functional null Snell's waltzer (sv/sv) and control heterozygous (+/sv) mice. Sv/sv mice showed reduced body weight and elevated blood pressure compared with controls; no differences were observed for glomerular flow rate, urine volume, blood acid‐base parameters, and plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of Na+ and K+. To assess the integrity of endocytosis‐mediated protein absorption by the kidney, urinary albumin excretion was measured, and the proximal tubular uptake of intravenously injected endocytic marker horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was examined. Albumin excretion was increased nearly 4‐fold in sv/sv mice relative to controls. Conversely, HRP uptake was reduced and delayed in proximal tubule cells of the sv/sv kidney observed by electron microscopy at 5 and 30 min after injection. Consistent with impaired endocytosis, we also observed defects indicating alterations along the endocytic pathway in sv/sv proximal tubule cells: (1) decreased membrane association of the clathrin adaptor subunit, adaptin beta, and Disabled‐2 (Dab2) after sedimentation of renal homogenates and (2) reduced apical vacuole number. In addition, proximal tubular dilation and fibrosis, likely secondary effects of the loss of Myo6, were observed in sv/sv kidneys. These results indicate that Myo6 plays a key role in endocytosis‐mediated protein absorption in the mouse kidney proximal tubule. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
WASH and the Arp2/3 complex regulate endosome shape and trafficking
Authors: Duleh Steve N. , Welch Matthew D. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractActivators of the Arp2/3 complex, termed nucleation‐promoting factors (NPFs), are required for the proper spatial and temporal control of actin assembly in cells. Mammalian cells express several NPFs, each of which functions in a distinct cellular process, including WASP and N‐WASP in phagocytosis and endocytosis, WAVE and JMY in cell migration, and WHAMM in ER‐to‐Golgi transport. Although another NPF called WASH was recently identified, the cellular localization and function of this protein were unclear. Here we demonstrated that human WASH alone potently activated the Arp2/3 complex in vitro and in cells, suggesting that the protein is not autoinhibited like N‐WASP, but is likely regulated by interacting proteins. In cells, WASH was associated with Rab5‐positive early endosomes and Rab11‐positive recycling endosomes that were enriched for actin filaments. Silencing of WASH or Arp2/3 complex expression by RNAi, or disruption of actin function by drug treatments, caused enlargement and elongation of endosomes. Intriguingly, WASH silencing, as well as actin disruption, delayed EGF transport to LAMP1‐positive late endosomes. These observations indicate that actin polymerization by WASH influences the shape and maturation of endosomes, and highlight a previously unrecognized role for WASH and the Arp2/3 complex in the degradative steps of endocytic trafficking. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The hERG Potassium Channel and Drug Trapping: Insight from Docking Studies with Propafenone Derivatives
Authors: Thai Khac‐Minh , Windisch Andreas , Stork Daniela , Weinzinger Anna , Schiesaro Andrea , Guy Robert H. , Timin Eugen N. , Hering Steffen , Ecker Gerhard F. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe inner cavity of the hERG potassium ion channel can accommodate large, structurally diverse compounds that can be trapped in the channel by closure of the activation gate. A small set of propafenone derivatives was synthesized, and both use‐dependency and recovery from block were tested in order to gain insight into the behavior of these compounds with respect to trapping and non‐trapping. Ligand–protein docking into homology models of the closed and open state of the hERG channel provides the first evidence for the molecular basis of drug trapping.
Low‐cost, high‐throughput, automated counting of bacterial colonies
Authors: Clarke Matthew L. , Burton Robert L. , Hill A. Nayo , Litorja Maritoni , Nahm Moon H. , Hwang Jeeseong 
Published: February 2010

AbstractResearch involving bacterial pathogens often requires enumeration of bacteria colonies. Here, we present a low‐cost, high‐throughput colony counting system consisting of colony counting software and a consumer‐grade digital camera or document scanner. We demonstrate that this software, called “NICE” (NIST's Integrated Colony Enumerator), can count bacterial colonies as part of a high‐throughput multiplexed opsonophagocytic killing assay used to characterize pneumococcal vaccine efficacy. The results obtained with NICE correlate well with the results obtained from manual counting, with a mean difference of less than 3%. NICE is also rapid; it can count colonies from multiple reaction wells within minutes and export the results to a spreadsheet for data processing. As this program is freely available from NIST, NICE should be helpful in bacteria colony enumeration required in many microbiological studies, and in standardizing colony counting methods. Published 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Enumeration and phenotypic assessment of human plasmacytoid and myeloid dendritic cells in whole blood
Authors: Chowdhury Ferdousi , Johnson Peter , Williams Anthony Peter 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTraditionally, flow cytometry analysis of dendritic cells (DC) has followed a negative selection procedure, often limiting the characterization of individual DC subsets to enumeration. We demonstrate the development, evaluation, and clinical application of a novel 6 color/8 parameter flow cytometry panel to allow enumeration and monitoring of activation status of circulating human myeloid (MDC1) and plasmacytoid (PDC) dendritic cells in human whole blood. Enumeration showed a trend of greater numbers of MDC1s and PDCs being collected for fresh whole blood than frozen PBMCs, with this difference being statistically significant (P = 0.04) for unstimulated PDC enumeration. Intra‐assay variation had a coefficient of variation <10% and interassay results between operators showed good correlation (r > 0.95). Our results on fresh whole blood showed a significant up regulation of CD83 on both MDC1 and PDC at 4 h post Toll‐like ligand stimulus and this activity was comparable in frozen PBMC samples. Comparison for the late activation marker CCR7 showed a significant difference (P <0.05) in expression between fresh and frozen samples, precluding its use for batch analysis of frozen samples. In addition, the level of activation is dependent on the anticoagulant used for sample collection. For CD83 expression at 4 h both EDTA and lithium heparin samples are comparable for MDC1 and PDC populations. Whereas for CCR7 expression, lithium heparin is preferable as EDTA increases the background expression in PDC, preventing further functional assessments. We demonstrate the importance of establishing the kinetic profile of activation marker expression and the importance of evaluating sample collection tubes and sample type before application of novel cytometry panels to a clinical study. We have shown that this DC enumeration flow cytometry panel is a robust analysis system that allows the flexibility of including activation markers. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Cloning and characterization of a new gene from the PAT protein family, in a marsupial, the stripe‐faced dunnart (Sminthopsis macroura)
Authors: Au Phil Chi Khang , Selwood Lynne , Familari Mary 
Published: February 2010

AbstractRecent studies of PAT proteins in Drosophila and Xenopus have revealed significant roles for this family of proteins in the polarized transport of lipid droplets and maternal determinants during early embryogenesis. In mammals, PAT proteins are known to function mainly in lipid metabolism, yet research has yet to establish a role for PAT proteins in mammalian embryogenesis. Oocytes and early cleavage stages in Sminthopsis macroura show obvious polarized cytoplasmic distribution of organelles, somewhat similar to Drosophila and Xenopus, suggesting that a PAT protein may also be involved in S. macroura embryonic development. In the present study, we identified a new marsupial gene for PAT family proteins, DPAT, from S. macroura. Expression analyses by RT‐PCR and whole mount fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed that DPAT expression was specific to oocytes and cleavage stage conceptuses. Analysis of the localization of lipid droplets during S. macroura early embryonic development found a polarized distribution of lipid droplets at the two‐ and four‐cell stage, and an asymmetric enrichment in blastomeres on one side of conceptuses from two‐ to eight‐cell stage. Lipid droplets largely segregate to pluriblast cells at the 16‐cell stage, suggesting a role in pluriblast lineage allocation. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 373–383, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Divergent regulation of angiopoietin‐1 and ‐2, Tie‐2, and thrombospondin‐1 expression by estrogen in the baboon endometrium
Authors: Bonagura Thomas W. , Aberdeen Graham W. , Babischkin Jeffery S. , Koos Robert D. , Pepe Gerald J. , Albrecht Eugene D. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEstrogen has an important role in the reconstruction of a new vascular network in the endometrium during each menstrual cycle; however, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood. Angiopoietin‐1 (Ang‐1) promotes vessel assembly, whereas Ang‐2 and thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) cause vessel breakdown. To determine the potential effect of estrogen on the expression of these angioregulatory factors in the endometrium, Ang‐1, Ang‐2, TSP‐1, and Tie‐2 receptor mRNA levels were assessed by real‐time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in glandular epithelial and stromal cells isolated from the endometrium of ovariectomized baboons treated acutely with estradiol. Corresponding protein expression was assessed by immunocytochemistry and the proximity ligation assay (PLA) during advancing stages of the baboon menstrual cycle. Serum estradiol levels in ovariectomized baboons were 400 pg/ml within 4–6 hr of estradiol treatment. Ang‐1 mRNA levels in glandular epithelial cells increased threefold (P < 0.01) within 4 hr of estradiol administration. In contrast, TSP‐1 mRNA levels decreased four‐ to fivefold (P < 0.01) in endometrial glandular epithelial and stromal cells 4–6 hr after estradiol, whereas Ang‐2 and Tie‐2 expression was unaltered. Immunostaining for Ang‐1 increased, TSP‐1 decreased, and Ang‐2 and Tie‐2 were unaltered in the endometrium during the secretory compared with the proliferative phase of the cycle. Endometrial Ang‐1 protein expression, quantified by PLA, increased 10‐fold (P < 0.05) between the early proliferative and late proliferative/mid‐secretory phases of the menstrual cycle in association with the rise in estrogen. In summary, estrogen induced a rapid, divergent, and cell‐specific change in expression of angiostimulatory and angioinhibitory growth factors in the endometrium of the nonhuman primate. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 77: 430–438, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biological modification strategies following marrow ablative, high‐dose chemotherapy (HDCT) with autologous hematopoietic stem cell rescue (AHSCR) for pediatric brain tumors
Authors: Zacharoulis Stergios , Chi Susan , Kadota Richard , Kieran Mark 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMaintenance biology‐based therapy following HDCT/AHSCR in pediatric brain tumors has not been tested as yet. Failure of the HDCT/AHSCR might be due to tumor‐immunity dysregulation, reactivation of the angiogenic switch and other mechanisms. Angiogenesis has been shown to be reactivated following chemotherapy. The angiogenic factors engaged in this process in childhood brain tumors following HDCT/AHSCR have not been tested in the clinic. Metronomic chemotherapy has been found to be safe and angiogenesis inhibitors are currently tested in children. Other good possible candidates for clinical trials in this setting include retinoic acid and immunotherapy. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:654–656. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.