bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated survival monitoring system: exploring starvation resistance in newly hatched larvae
Authors: Ohki Hiroto , Seong Ki-Hyeon , Suzuki Takahiro , Shimoda Masami 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The mechanisms underlying prolonged survival under starvation condition—after animals have depleted their energy reserves from food—remain poorly understood. For accurate measurement of survival durations, we developed a novel automated survival monitoring system for newly hatched larvae under starvation conditions. This system integrates a CCD flatbed scanner with the automated image analysis software, AutoCircaS. Unlike conventional methods, which are often limited to Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae), our system enables the analysis of the newly hatched larval stage under starvation conditions in other species, such as the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) and the silkworm Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae). Newly hatched larvae of these three species were subjected to starvation conditions, and survival times were recorded in the absence of dietary nutrients. The system achieved an accuracy of 88.5% for D. melanogaster, 79.2% for H. illucens, and 95.0% for B. mori in detecting survival times within 4 h. The median starvation survival times were 1.42 days for D. melanogaster, 6.08 days for H. illucens, and 2.92 days for B. mori, highlighting the particularly long survival of H. illucens compared to the other species. These findings reveal interspecific differences and suggest that variations in ecological backgrounds and adaptive strategies contribute to their starvation tolerance. This system also provides novel insights into the intrinsic starvation responses of insects and offers significant potential for practical applications, such as developing long-term insect preservation techniques through developmental arrest.
Emerging Tools to Support DILI Assessment in Clinical Trials with Abnormal Baseline Serum Liver Tests or Pre-existing Liver Diseases
Authors: Amirzadegan Jasmine , Tesfaldet Bereket , Pei Y. Veronica , Navarro Almario Eileen , Avigan Mark I. , Hayashi Paul H. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Based on the late Dr. Hyman Zimmerman’s observation that hepatocellular drug-induced liver injury (DILI) leading to jaundice carries a ≥ 10% fatality risk (coined as Hy’s law by others), evaluation of Drug-Induced Serious Hepatotoxicity (eDISH) continues to play a central role in the assessment of a study drug’s liability for acute hepatocellular DILI. The eDISH identifies drugs in clinical trials with DILI fatality (death or transplant) risk that may be unacceptable in a post-market setting. As a two-dimensional graph that plots peak total bilirubin (TB) versus peak serum aminotransferase levels for each patient during study drug or comparator treatment, eDISH identifies potential cases of acute, modest, and serious hepatocellular DILI for in-depth analysis of liver tests (LT) and clinical course so that the likelihood of causal association with the study drug can be determined. Unfortunately, the generalizable utility of this tool only pertains to trials enrolling patients with normal or near normal (NNN) baseline (BL) serum LTs. The eDISH does not necessarily apply to trials of patients with abnormal baseline (ABN-BL) LTs that often coincide with underlying liver disorders. Because drug development programs being reviewed by the FDA increasingly target liver disorders, we are often challenged to evaluate DILI risk in trials of patients with ABN-BL LTs. Also, the high background prevalence of metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) means patients with LTs above NNN may need to be enrolled in trials treating non-liver disorders to reflect the target population. Such study populations create challenges for industry and regulators because eDISH may not reliably categorize or identify potential cases of DILI for further analysis, as it so efficiently does in NNN-BL trials. We describe the main functionalities of eDISH in NNN-BL trials to understand what should be emulated by new tools or eDISH modifications. We then discuss non-eDISH–based plots that may be useful in ABN-BL trials.
Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer: A Review
Authors: Giro Alexia , Herrmann Tressie , Bauer Arthur , Pinard Céleste , Godiveau Mélanie , Passildas Judith , Abrial Catherine , Durando Xavier 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction
Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer among women, accounting for 4.7% of all cancer-related deaths.

Objective
In this review, we aimed to describe both established and emerging, prognostic and predictive factors.

Results
Some established prognostic factors are clinical, such as age, ECOG, and Body Mass Index. Histological subtype, stage and grade are also prognostic factors, and optimal surgery is one of the main factors. Furthermore, the presence of ascites at diagnosis and cancer Antigen 125 assessment could help to predict patient outcomes. Nevertheless, median survival is less than 5 years. Among the emerging factors, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have a proven prognostic value, although their predictive value has not been used in routine practice. Inflammatory response marker ratios, i.e., neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios, could have a prognostic value. Circulating tumor DNA is one of the most promising prognostic and predictive factors. Concerning predictive factors, the main one is homologous recombination deficiency, which is a marker for response to PARP inhibitors and platin-based chemotherapy. The KELIM score is also used to predict chemosensitivity. To be validated in routine practice, other predictive factors require further investigation.

Conclusion
Despite the poor prognosis in this pathology, some patients are still alive 10 years after diagnosis. A better understanding of this population’s characteristics could help to anticipate patient outcomes and thus adapt their management.
Highly porous hollow 3D devices obtained by a combined melt-wet processing for long-term controlled release
Authors: Balsamo Marta , Mistretta Maria Chiara , Scaffaro Roberto 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The possibility to obtain resistant and reusable hollow devices with differentiated high porosity for storage and tunable long-term controlled release of substances is difficult to achieve efficiently. To solve this problem, we propose a combined melt-wet processing, which allows predictable and tunable morphologies. The process consists in combining Material Extrusion (MEX) with an eco-friendly salt leaching in distilled water, by using a biostable polymer and high percentages of saline porogen. Three blends with PA6/NaCl-30/70wt% composition were extruded, varying the salt particles size, that shows good dispersion in all the filaments, with a spontaneous tendency for bigger particles to accumulate in the central region of the cross-sections, attributable to fluid-dynamic reasons. Blends rheological and mechanical properties appeared suitable for the printing process. The hollow devices were then printed and successfully leached, resulting in homogeneously dispersed pores, with size ranges comparable to those of the porogen for each blend; therefore, the morphology of the pores can be directly predicted by the porogen and it was not altered during processing. Leaching occurred completely, in fact the real porosity for each device was consistent with the theoretical one. Despite the high percentage of voids, the hollow devices appeared to be mechanically resistant and therefore suitable for the application. Controlled release up to 11 days of a model molecule (methylene blue) was tested and predictable kinetics related to pore size were achieved so, therefore, they are easily tunable and versatile. Release data were fitted according to Peppas-Korsmeyer-model to describe the release mechanism related to porosity.
Crisis and crisis management in the Upper Franconian textile industry
Authors: Grötsch Margitta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Crises are becoming the new normal in the twenty-first century. This impression arises when one looks at the last decades’ political, economic, social, or ecological developments. Companies operating in this heterodox and dynamic environment are required to act quickly and in an adapted manner. The more closely companies are integrated into the macroeconomic context, the more they are affected by changes in the environment. Especially small and medium-sized enterprises, which are considered more vulnerable to crises (Detarsio et al. 2016), need appropriate strategies to survive them. The study examines which methods small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) used to survive crises and if there were similar reactions to the same crisis scenarios. The textile industry in Upper Franconia is strongly integrated into the macroeconomic context and consists predominantly of small and medium-sized enterprises. This industry was hit by various crises between 1972 and 2008. The multiple crisis scenarios and the close link between the companies and their environment require a pluralistic perspective. Companies from other sectors that are confronted with similar crisis scenarios can use the study results to better position themselves against crises.
Starch Granule Evidence for Biscuitroot (Lomatium spp.) Processing at Upland Rock Art Sites in Warner Valley, Oregon
Authors: Wilks Stefania L. , Louderback Lisbeth A. , Simper Heidi M. , Cannon William J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Geophytes are hardy, resilient plants that are tolerant of cold temperatures and drought and are well documented as a reliable food source for hunter-gatherers worldwide. Human settlement patterns and foraging behaviors have long been associated with the use of nutrient-dense geophytes rich in carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Indigenous communities in the northern Great Basin developed cultural practices centered around gathering, preparing, and consuming important geophytic plants. These practices became deeply embedded in their cultural identity, forming rituals, stories, and traditions that persist today. Although there is strong ethnographic precedent for the significance of geophytes, finding evidence of their use in the archaeological record remains a challenge. This study analyzed archaeological starch residue extracted from bedrock metates in the uplands of Warner Valley, Oregon. Systematic studies of starch granules collected from extant plant communities growing near archaeological sites were applied to the identification of archaeological granules. Starch granules from geophytes, specifically Lomatium spp. (biscuitroot), were identified on metate surfaces at all sites, thus providing direct evidence for the collection and processing of geophyte vegetables. Evidence of geophyte plant processing on bedrock metates contributes to archaeological theories about subsistence strategies, food-processing technologies, social organization, and cultural practices in past human societies.
Isotypical components of the homology of ICIS and images of deformations of map germs
Authors: Conejero R. Giménez 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We give a simple way to study the isotypical components of the homology of simplicial complexes with actions of finite groups and use it for Milnor fibres of isolated complete intersection singularity (icis). We study the homology of images of mappings ft that arise as deformations of complex map germs

$f:(\mathbb{C}^n,S)\to(\mathbb{C}^p,0)$

, with n < p, and the behaviour of singularities (instabilities) in this context. We study two generalizations of the notion of image Milnor number µI given by Mond and give a workable way of compute them, in corank one, with Milnor numbers of icis. We also study two unexpected traits when

$p \gt n+1$

: stable perturbations with contractible image and homology of

$\text{im} f_t$

in unexpected dimensions. We show that Houston’s conjecture, µI constant in a family implies excellency in Gaffney’s sense, is false, but we give a correct modification of the statement of the conjecture which we also prove.
The Horn of Enlightenment: Mozart's Operatic Use of the Clarinet
Authors: Pesic Peter 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In his operas, Mozart followed contemporary practice by using the clarinet to set the mood for amorous scenes, but he adapted this into a new kind of topic that dramatises his characters’ changing self-knowledge and growing enlightenment. In so doing, he emphasised both their recognition of their true feelings and the political and moral implications for their subsequent actions. This is exemplified in La clemenza di Tito, in which a clarinet (or basset horn) serves as an important soloistic voice whose dialogue with the protagonist illuminates their inner struggles with conflicting emotional, social and political realities as they move towards new understanding.
Resilient forces of public amusement: the negotiation of ‘urban modernity’ in a peripheral port city (1880s–1930s)
Authors: Reimann Christina 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This article studies public amusement in turn-of-the-twentieth-century Gothenburg, Sweden, and argues that historians of urban and popular culture need to take the hybrid character of modernity more seriously. The case of the small peripheral port city of Gothenburg, more clearly than large metropoles or rapidly growing urban centres, showcases how turn-of-the-century urban culture was negotiated through the confrontation of traditional and innovative forms of popular amusement. Hence, insights from Gothenburg can prompt a more critical, nuanced view of ‘urban modernity’, marked not only by the emergence of commercial mass entertainment but also by the resilience of itinerant performers, for example. The article draws on different types of source material that from different perspectives embrace the co-constitutive character of practices and representations of pleasure through which people in Gothenburg negotiated urban change.
Outward foreign direct investment and energy efficiency: firm-level evidence from China
Authors: Lin Xi , Liu Xinheng , He Ling-Yun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Energy inefficiency and environmental damages caused by this inefficiency are increasingly common in developing countries. As the largest developing country, China is experiencing a rapid growth in outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). Do OFDI firms have higher energy efficiency in the same sector? After OFDI, how does the energy efficiency of the firms change? In this study, we employ the data from Chinese industrial firms to empirically investigate these questions. Our results show that OFDI firms have higher energy efficiency and total factor energy efficiency (TFEE) relative to non-OFDI firms in the same sector. After OFDI, firms improve energy efficiency and TFEE through expanding output scale. In addition, these effects are found to be heterogeneous in terms of energy types as well as OFDI motivations and destinations. In general, this study provides some initial evidence for the relationship between OFDI and energy performance at the firm level.
Magnetic Characteristics of Highly Serpentinized Peridotite in the Iberia Abyssal Plain and Implications for Marine Magnetic Anomalies
Authors: Zhang Yuzhen , Jiang Zhaoxia , Su Kai , Dekkers Mark J. , Li Sanzhong , Liu Qingsong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSerpentinization, a consequence of water‐rock interaction in mafic and ultramafic rocks, refers to the hydrothermal alteration of olivine and pyroxene with serpentine as the typical product. Magnetite is produced in variable amounts during this serpentinization process. Here, we conducted a systematic rock magnetic study on the serpentinite of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 1070A from the Iberia Abyssal Plain. From bottom to top, three units are distinguished rock‐magnetically: (a) serpentinized peridotite dominated by single‐domain (SD) ± multidomain (MD) magnetite particles; (b) gabbro with SD ± vortex state magnetite; (c) breccia dominated by MD ± vortex and SD ± vortex state maghemite/hematite and magnetite. Samples of the three units are highly serpentinized with serpentinization degrees >60%. The magnetite content increases exponentially with the degree of serpentinization. Two phases of serpentinization are proposed: (a) massive serpentinization that occurred before mantle exhumation and (b) maghemitization‐serpentinization that occurred near or at the seafloor after the final exhumation of mantle peridotites. The latter reduces the magnetization of the breccia unit significantly. Serpentinized peridotite associated with strong magnetization is the dominant contributor to the marine magnetic anomalies in ocean to continent transition areas.
Forecasting Recurrent Large Earthquakes From Paleoearthquake and Fault Displacement Data
Authors: Griffin Jonathan D. , Wang Ting , Stirling Mark W. , Gerstenberger Matthew C. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLong recurrence intervals of large earthquakes relative to the historical record mean that geological data are often utilized to inform forecasts of future events. Geological data from any particular fault may constrain the timing of past earthquakes (paleoearthquake data), or simply the time period over which a certain amount of fault displacement has occurred due to one or more earthquakes. These data are typically subject to large uncertainties, and available records often only constrain the timing of a few events. Variability in earthquake inter‐event times (aperiodicity) has been observed for many faults, particularly in low seismicity regions, further hampering the utilisation of small data sets for developing forecasts. A challenge for earthquake forecasting therefore concerns how best to utilize all of the limited available data while fully considering uncertainties. Here we present a concise Bayesian model for developing time‐dependent earthquake forecasts from geological data. Using the additive property of the Brownian passage time distribution, we make inference on the model parameters jointly from paleoearthquake and fault displacement data. Monte Carlo Markov Chain methods are used to sample the posterior distribution of model parameters, which is subsequently used to forecast future earthquake probabilities. The method incorporates data uncertainties and does not rely on a priori assumptions of quasiperiodic earthquake recurrence, allowing application in a wide range of tectonic settings. We demonstrate the method using data from two reverse faults in Otago, southern Aotearoa New Zealand, a region in which aperiodic earthquake recurrence has previously been observed.
Spectral Analysis of Topography as Proxy for Lineament Analysis
Authors: Dichiarante A. M. , Torgersen E. , Redfield T. , Köhler A. , Torabi A. , Svendby K. , Oye V. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSpectral analysis (SA) for image processing, utilizing the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), computes the 2D power spectrum to capture the amplitude of each frequency component of an image. Recent studies have applied SA on digital elevation models (DEMs) to characterize repetitive and spatially homogeneous landforms in terms of their orientation, frequency, and amplitude. Here, we advance the application of SA by introducing a new preprocessing step and an appropriate windowing function, tailored to analyze heterogenous and complex topographies and derive lineament spatial distributions. The validation of our approach involved two phases: (a) testing on synthetic images, and (b) application to a case study. The synthetic image validation illustrated the length‐weighted characteristics of SA‐derived rose diagrams and the robustness of the method, evidenced by a 99% similarity across 1,000 synthetically generated lineament networks. The case study consisted of three areas characterized by different topographic patterns within the Oslo region of Norway. The SA‐derived results were compared to lineaments automatically extracted using a conventional peak‐and‐valley seeking algorithm that mimics manual tracing of lineaments inside a 3D map domain. The comparison showed similarity better than 90%. Lastly, we addressed a key pitfall of SA by locating signatures observed in the power spectrum on the map through cross‐correlation (CC) of profiles. Although CC results are not consistently perfect, they provide a promising avenue for further development.
Alpine Crust and Mantle Structure From 3D Monte Carlo Surface‐ and Body‐Wave Tomography
Authors: Kästle E. D. , Paffrath M. , El‐Sharkawy A. ,   the AlpArray and Swath‐D working groups
Published: February 2025

AbstractAn ongoing controversy revolves around the detailed structure of the subducting European and Adriatic plates under the Alps and the adjacent orogens. Mostly based on P‐wave travel time tomographic images, slab break‐off at different times, reversals of subduction polarity and segmentation of the slab into independent units have been proposed. These processes may have important geodynamic consequences such as rapid surface uplift, past magmatic events or changes in the style of continental collision. However, some of the tomographic results are contradictory, particularly evident in the uppermost mantle where teleseismic P waves traverse the medium almost vertically with few ray crossings and a stronger dependence on the crustal correction. In this work, we present the result of an innovative joint inversion approach using surface‐ and teleseismic body‐wave travel times to mitigate some of the shortcomings in both data types. Applying a reversible‐jump Markov chain Monte Carlo approach, we simultaneously constrain the and structure and their uncertainties in the crust and upper mantle. The results indicate a continuous slab structure from the crust‐mantle boundary down to at least 400 km depth under the western, central and eastern Alps. The results, however, also suggest that fitting the data within their respective measurement uncertainties may not be sufficient to reliably determine the presence of a shallow slab break‐off beneath the Alps.
Roles of Upwelling on the Dynamics and Freshwater Transport of a River Plume Over the Inner Shelf
Authors: Chen Zhaoyun , Zhang Lie , Zhang Shuwen , Zong Xiaolong , Jiang Yuwu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractApart from the influences of wind and tides, upwelling can also modulate the dispersal and dynamics of river plumes. However, the specific responses to upwelling processes over the inner shelf remain unclear. This study employs a numerical model to investigate the effects of upwelling over the northeastern shelf of the South China Sea and its barotropic influences on the dynamics and freshwater transport of a medium‐scale river plume. In a model experiment with extremely weakened upwelling (tiny upwelling case), plume water spreads across a wide coastal region driven by upwelling‐favorable winds. With the barotropic effects of upwelling, plume water occupies a much smaller area, and the alongshore geostrophic current is enhanced. In the Control Run, plume water disperses further offshore in a stratified seawater column, as the Ekman layer thins and the offshore Ekman current intensifies in the upwelling region. The upwelling process not only accelerates the downwind advection of offshore extended far‐field plume water due to the drop in coastal sea level but also continually upwells high‐salinity water from the lower layer to the upper layer, enhancing mixing with plume water and leading to a smaller river plume area. Under upwelling‐favorable wind conditions, freshwater is primarily transported offshore in tiny upwelling case, while the proportion of downwind freshwater transport increases in the Control Run or the barotropic case. In the tiny upwelling case, the contribution of advection and vertical shear to freshwater flux gradually decreases and increases, respectively, with the duration of upwelling‐favorable winds, while the tendency reverses in the Control Run.