bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Melothria maderaspatana in vitro
Authors: Raja Boobalan , Pugalendi Kodukkur 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
In this study, an aqueous extract of leaves from Melothria maderaspatana was tested for in vitro antioxidant activity. Free radical scavenging assays, such as hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion radical and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethyl-enzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, and reducing power assay, were studied. The extract effectively scavenged hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals. It also scavenged DPPH and ABTS radicals. Furthermore, it was found to have reducing power. All concentrations of leaf extract exhibited free radical scavenging and antioxidant power, and the preventive effects were in a dose-dependent manner. The antioxidant activities of the above were compared to standard antioxidants such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), ascorbic acid, and α-tocopherol. The results obtained in the present study indicate that the M. maderaspatana extract could be considered a potential source of natural antioxidant.
ROS mediate selenite-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells
Authors: Králová Věra , Červinka Miroslav , Rudolf Emil 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Selenite-induced oxidative stress and its relationship to mitochondrial apoptosis was studied in human adenocarcinoma HT-29 cells. It is shown that selenite induces caspase-dependent apoptosis, which is mediated by mitochondria via released cytochrome c, apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and Smac/Diablo. Selenite activates stress kinases p38 and JNK while suppressing reduced glutathione (GSH) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) levels, transiently inducing heme oxygenase (HO-1) system as well as reducing Akt expression. Pre-treatment of cells with selected antioxidants and stress kinase inhibitors significantly prevented selenite-induced cell death, thereby implicating oxidative stress as a direct (Bax) as well as indirect (via kinases) cause of HT-29 cells demise. These results thus demonstrate for the first time active proapoptotic and anti-survival effects of selenite in colon cancer cells.
Predicting Landscape‐Scale Habitat Distribution for Ruffed GrouseBonasa umbellusUsing Presence‐Only Data
Authors: Blomberg Erik J. , Tefft Brian C. , Endrulat Erik G. , McWilliams Scott R. 
Published: February 2010

Ruffed grouseBonasa umbelluspopulations in North America have declined as forests have matured and the extent of early successional forest habitat required by the species has diminished. When wildlife species decline because of habitat loss, determining where to focus habitat management efforts is difficult because both the wildlife population and the required habitat(s) are usually limited in distribution. We adopted a relatively new ecological modeling method, partitioned Mahalanobis D2, which allowed us to predict the distribution of potential ruffed grouse habitat across a landscape of management concern where high quality habitat was uncommon. We used presence data derived from radio‐telemetry locations, and GIS habitat data from publicly available sources to create competing partitioned Mahalanobis D2 models. The competing models identified important habitat variables and predicted ruffed grouse habitat distribution at 1‐ha and 25‐ha scales in southwestern Rhode Island, USA. The 1‐ and 25‐ha models produced comparable overall classification accuracy (83.1% and 81.4%, respectively) but differed substantially in the area of predicted habitat (4,475.5 ha and 10,133.8 ha, respectively). We selected the more conservative 1‐ha model as the ‘best’ model, and expanded it to a larger landscape extent. Once expanded, the model predicted 11,463 ha (15.5% of total land area) of potential ruffed grouse habitat for a 735‐km2landscape in southwestern Rhode Island. This model identified those areas with varying proximities to the following features as likely to contain ruffed grouse habitat: early successional forests, river and stream corridors, mixed conifer forests, conifer forests, shrub wetlands and deciduous forests. Early successional forests were the most consistent component of habitat used by grouse, despite the fact that this habitat type was uncommon in our study area (< 1% of total land area). Our model can be used to identify areas of existing ruffed grouse habitat for management focus.
Behavioural Responses of GPS‐Collared Female Red Deer Cervus elaphus to Driven Hunts
Authors: Sunde Peter , Olesen Carsten R. , Madsen Torben L. , Haugaard Lars 
Published: February 2010

Precise knowledge of how game species react to different hunting practices is a prerequisite for sound management of intensively hunted populations. We compared behavioural and spatial behaviour of five GPS‐collared female red deer Cervus elaphus in Denmark before, during and after exposure to 21 driven hunts (2–5 times each). In 53% of all hunts, deer left their normal home ranges within 24 hours, moving on average 4 km and remaining away for an average of six days. Compared to pre‐hunt values, deer moved longer distances per unit time on the day of the hunt and during the following two nights. Diurnal activity (based on motion sensors) did not increase significantly on the hunting day, but was lower than normal the day after the hunt. Nocturnal activity was equal before and after hunts. Deer spent 96% of their time in (safer) forest habitats by day and 43% by night before and after hunts. No induced responses were conditional on distance to the hunters (0–1.5 km), hunt duration (1.3–6.4 hours) or the time elapsed since previous hunts (4 to >30 days). The inclination of deer to flee from areas following hunts might complicate attempts to optimise harvesting policies in landscapes with many landowners within a typical flight range.
Evaluation of preoperative criteria used to predict lymph node metastasis in endometrial cancer
Authors: HAN SEUNG‐SU , LEE SANG HOON , KIM DONG HO , KIM JAE WEON , PARK NOH‐HYUN , KANG SOON‐BEOM , SONG YONG SANG 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective.To evaluate whether we could accurately predict lymph node (LN) metastasis with preoperative tests in endometrial cancer.Design.Retrospective study.Setting.Seoul National University Hospital, South Korea.Population.Three hundred patients with endometrial cancer who underwent surgical staging including lymphadenectomy between January 1999 and July 2007.Methods.We reviewed the medical records of 300 patients with endometrial cancer. The preoperative factors used to predict LN metastasis were as follows: old age (≥55 years), serum CA‐125 level [level ≥ 20 U/mL (if age < 50 years), level ≥ 28 U/mL (if age ≥ 50 years)], non‐endometrioid histologic type and Grade 3, metastatic LN assessed by pelvic MRI or CT, and deep myometrial invasion assessed by pelvic MRI only. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the significant predictive factors.Main outcome measures.Sensitivity/specificity and false positive/negative rates.Results.Thirty patients had LN metastasis. Although LN evaluation by pelvic MRI or CT and high CA‐125 level were the significant independent predictors for LN metastasis, the sensitivity/specificity and false positive/negative rates for LN metastasis by these two combined preoperative tests were 86.7%/71.4% and 68.7%/2.7%, respectively. However, the sensitivity/specificity and false positive/negative rates for LN metastasis by six combined preoperative tests were 100%/28.9% and 84.6%/0%, respectively.Conclusions.The six combined preoperative tests are useful in selecting patients without LN metastasis in endometrial cancer. Lymphadenectomy could be avoided in about 29% of patients with endometrial cancer who have no LN metastasis by using six combined preoperative tests.
Pelvic exenteration for gynecological malignancies: an analysis of 15 cases operated on at a single institution
Authors: MÄENPÄÄ JOHANNA U , KANGASNIEMI KATRI , LUUKKAALA TIINA 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe analyzed retrospectively the outcome of 15 patients treated with pelvic exenteration (nine total and six anterior) for gynecological cancer (six vaginal, four endometrial, three cervical, one vulvar, and one ovarian) from 1987 through 2008. Four operations were for primary tumors and 11 for recurrences. Eight patients had received prior radiotherapy. Median operation time was 310 (range 180–520) min, and median blood loss was 2,500 (range 600– 8,000) mL. Thirteen patients had altogether 59 postoperative complications, 25 (42%) early and 34 (58%) late. One patient each died of complications during the early and late postoperative phases, respectively. Both had received previous radiotherapy. By 31 January 2009, six patients had died, while five and four patients were alive with or without disease, respectively. Only one pelvic recurrence was found. The median progression‐free survival was 8.9 months. Although pelvic exenteration was not totally devoid of mortality, the procedure provided a good local control, with mostly manageable complications.
Does physical activity in leisure time early in pregnancy reduce the incidence of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension?
Authors: VOLLEBREGT KARLIJN C. , WOLF HANS , BOER KEES , VAN DER WAL MARCEL F. , VRIJKOTTE TANJA G.M. , BONSEL GOUKE J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. Assessment of the association of physical activity in leisure time with preeclampsia and gestational hypertension in nulliparous women. Design. Population based prospective cohort study. Setting. Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Population. All pregnant women in Amsterdam between January 2003 and March 2004 who were nulliparous with a singleton pregnancy and who delivered after 24 weeks. Design. At their first prenatal care visit, women were invited to fill out a questionnaire with sociodemographic and psychosocial variables. Physical activity in leisure time in the past week was measured using questions about walking, cycling, playing sports and other activities in leisure time. The amount of minutes and intensity of each activity was studied using four categories: no, low, moderate or high activity. By using multivariate logistic regression, we adjusted for sociodemographic and medical confounders. Main outcome measures. Incidence of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Results. A total of 12,377 women were invited with a response rate of 67%; 3,679 nulliparous women were included. The incidence of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension was 3.5% and 4.4%, respectively. The amount of time or intensity of physical activity in leisure time was not associated with a difference in risk of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension. Conclusion. Physical activity in leisure time early in pregnancy does not reduce the incidence of preeclampsia or gestational hypertension in an unselected population of nulliparous women.
Successful implementation of evidence‐based routines in Ukrainian maternities
Authors: BERGLUND ANNA , LEFEVRE‐CHOLAY HELENE , BACCI ALBERTA , BLYUMINA ANNA , LINDMARK GUNILLA 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. To describe the process of change and assess compliance and effect on maternal and infant outcome when the WHO package Effective Perinatal Care (EPC) was implemented at maternities in Ukraine. Design. Intervention study comparing outcomes before and during 2.5 years after training. Setting. Three maternities in Donetsk, Lutsk and Lviv 2003–2006. Population. Baseline data were collected for 652, 742 and 302 deliveries and 420, 381 and 135 infants, respectively, in Donetsk, Lutsk and Lviv. Follow‐up data included 4,561, 9,865 and 7,227 deliveries and 3,829, 8,658 and 6,401 infants. Methods. Staff training on evidence‐based guideline. Main outcome measures. Interventions during labor, maternal outcomes and hypothermia in the infants. Results: EPC procedures were successfully implemented and adherence to the protocols was excellent. For most variables, the change occurred during the first three months but was well sustained. The use of partogram increased fourfold in Donetsk and from 0% to 60% in Lviv. Induction and augmentation of labor decreased to less than 1% and less than 5%, respectively. Cesarean section rate dropped significantly in two of the maternities. The proportion of hypothermic infants decreased from 60% (Donetsk), 85% (Lutsk) and 77% (Lviv) to 1% in all three maternities during the first three months and was stable throughout the study period. Admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit decreased significantly in two of the maternities and there was no effect on early neonatal mortality. Conclusions: The process of education and change was well anchored in the organization, and implementation of new procedures was quick and successful.
Reproductive health in lesbian and bisexual women in Sweden
Authors: MOEGELIN LENA , NILSSON BO , HELSTRÖM LOTTIE 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. Previous international studies have elucidated signs of poor physical and mental health in women who have sex with women (WSW) and an avoidance of preventive healthcare. When the first Nordic gynecological clinic for WSW was started in Stockholm in 1999, an opportunity to compile information about their physical and psychological health and social situation arose. Design. Retrospective descriptive. Setting and sample. A total of 706 women: 264 patients attending a WSW clinic and 442 women attending the regular gynecological clinic. Methods. Questionnaires. Response rate: WSW 77%, comparison group 40%. Main outcome measures. Possible differences in mental and reproductive health and attendance of preventive healthcare by WSW and heterosexual women. Results. Having had a male sexual partner was reported by 82.3% of the WSW, 39.5% in the last five years and 4.9% in the last year. One‐fifth of WSW had been pregnant, and one in ten had given birth. Equally, many had experience of induced abortion. WSW had less experience of gynecological examination and Papanicolaou smear screening. More than one‐fifth of WSW had at some time had sexually transmitted infections (STI) and 12.6% reported a history of cervical atypia. WSW remembered dissatisfaction with their sexual lives during their youth and had more frequently sought professional help for their sexuality. Conclusion. WSW attend gynecological examinations to a lesser extent than heterosexual women. The fact that WSW reported having been affected by STI and cervical cell atypia underlines the opinion that they should be advised to attend the same gynecological check‐ups and cervical screening programs as heterosexual women.
Tension‐free vaginal tape – a suitable procedure for patients with recurrent stress urinary incontinence
Authors: ALA‐NISSILÄ SEIJA , HAARALA MERVI , MÄKINEN JUHA 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. To evaluate the efficacy of the tension‐free vaginal tape operation (TVT) in patients with and without previous anti‐incontinence surgery. Design. Prospective follow‐up study. Setting. University hospital in Finland. Population. A total of 130 women who had a TVT procedure from August 1998 to December 2002. Main outcome measures. Subjective cure, complications and voiding symptoms. Methods. Sixty women with recurrent (group A) and 70 women with primary stress urinary incontinence (SUI) (group B) were compared. One follow‐up visit took place two months postoperatively and a questionnaire‐based evaluation was carried out three years after operation. Further information was collected a mean of eight years after the operation. Results. There was no difference in the transient postoperative retention rate (17 vs. 19%, p = 0.78) and number of complications (20 vs. 13%, p = 0.29) between group A and group B. At two months after operation, 85% of patients in group A and 94% in group B were cured of SUI and were satisfied with the operative result (p = 0.096). The satisfaction rates at three years were 86 and 91% in groups A and B, respectively, and cure rate of SUI was 93% in both groups. At follow‐up, 20% of the patients in group A and 5.7% in group B (p = 0.013) had de novo urge symptoms and the rate of voiding difficulties increased especially in group B women over time. Conclusions. TVT results in the same cure and complication rates when performed for primary SUI and recurrent SUI. The procedure is effective and associated with a low and acceptable level of complications. It is well suited to treat also recurrent SUI.
The market lifecycle of duloxetine for urinary incontinence in Norway
Authors: HUNSKAAR STEINAR , WELLE‐NILSEN LINA KRISTIN 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. To investigate the epidemiology of prescriptions for duloxetine for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence during its entire lifecycle in Norway (October 2004–May 2007), including the persistence of use of the drug and the prescribers. Design and setting. Observational study in Norway. Sample. All prescriptions on duloxetine filled in Norwegian pharmacies. Methods. Data from the Norwegian Prescription Database. Main outcome measure. Patient's age, unique identification, date of dispensing, data on specialty of the prescribing doctor, and number of packages purchased. Persistence of use of duloxetine was analyzed by grouping the months of first prescription filled into quarters of a year, from the fourth quarter of 2004 to the third quarter of 2007. Results. A total of 3,024 filled prescriptions were recorded of which 2,903 (96%) could be further analyzed, corresponding to 37 users per 100,000 women in the population. Each patient filled a mean of 3.4 prescriptions. The persistence of use was very low from the second quarter itself, and after 1 year only 12.5% of the patients still purchased the drug. Most prescriptions were written by GPs and gynecologists. A prescription database like ours consists of dispensed prescriptions and not drugs taken. We believe that these biases are of little importance for the main results. Conclusions. Analyses from the national prescription database show that duloxetine had a low uptake on the market and a low persistence rate among the patients during its full lifecycle on the Norwegian market.
Epidural analgesia during labor among immigrant women in Sweden
Authors: EKÉUS CECILIA , CNATTINGIUS SVEN , HJERN ANDERS 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. To investigate differences in the use of epidural analgesia (EDA) during labor between native Swedish and immigrant women and whether such possible differences could be explained by other maternal factors or birthweight. Design. Population‐based register study. Setting. Nationwide study in Sweden. Population. A total of 455,274 primiparous women, who gave birth to a singleton infant at 37–41 completed gestational weeks during 1992–2005. Of the 72,086 (16%) immigrants, data on 31,148 women from the eight most common countries of origin were analyzed to test our hypotheses. Methods. Register study with perinatal data from the Medical Birth Register and socio‐demographic variables from national income and population registers. Main outcome measure. Use of EDA during vaginal delivery. Results. Compared with native Swedish women, EDA was more often used by women from Chile, odds ratio (OR) 1.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.23–1.57); Iran, OR 1.38 (1.26–1.53); Poland, OR 1.22 (1.08–1.37) and Finland, OR 1.10 (1.03–1.17) after adjustments for perinatal and socio‐demographic confounders, while EDA was less often used among women from Somalia, OR 0.57 (0.46–0.70); Iraq, OR 0.71 (0.64–0.78); Turkey, OR 0.77(0.69–0.86) and Yugoslavia, OR 0.85 (0.79–0.91). Having a native Swedish partner increased the use of EDA in immigrant women. Conclusion. EDA use during labor varies more by maternal country of origin than by socio‐economic factors. This suggests that expectations of care from the country of origin continue to influence the use of EDA after immigration to Sweden.
Serum tetranectin is a significant prognostic marker in ovarian cancer patients
Authors: BEGUM FARAH DIBA , HØGDALL ESTRID , CHRISTENSEN IB JARLE , KJAER SUSANNE KRÜGER , BLAAKAER JAN , CHRISTENSEN LISE , HØGDALL CLAUS 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective. To evaluate the prognostic value of preoperative serum tetranectin (TN) in Danish ovarian cancer (OvCa) patients. Design. Population‐based, multidisciplinary Danish case‐control study of OvCa. Participants. A total of 445 primary OvCa patients diagnosed at one of the gynecological departments in 18 regional hospitals around Denmark during the period 1994–1999. Methods. Serum levels of TN were evaluated preoperatively and tested for possible association with prognosis. Main outcome measures. Disease specific survival. Results. During the observation period (median 45.9 months, range 0.2–121) 278 OvCa‐related deaths were seen. Univariate analysis of TN and CA125 demonstrated a significant association with survival using the Cox proportional hazards model, when stratified for adjuvant treatment (TN: p < 0.0001, hazard ratio = 0.44; 95% confidence interval 0.33–0.60 and CA125: p < 0.0001, hazard ratio = 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.11–1.27). Disease specific survival curves for patients with tumors in the early stages showed no significant association with survival, neither for TN (p = 0.68) nor for CA125 (p = 0.07). For the stage III group, a significant association with survival was found for TN (p = 0.027), but not for CA125 (p = 0.37). Multivariate Cox analysis identified TN, age, residual tumor, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and grade but not serum CA125 as independent prognostic variables. Conclusion. Preoperative serum TN is a useful prognostic indicator of advanced stage for patients with OvCa.
Time to focus on the public health aspects of preterm delivery
Authors: MORKEN NILS‐HALVDAN 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPreterm delivery is a leading cause of child death and results in substantial emotional and economic costs for both the involved family and for society. It increases later disease risk in both the mother and in her preterm delivered child. The proportion of preterm delivery is increasing in several populations. Public health interventions have so far been the only beneficial initiative in prevention and treatment of preterm delivery and there is a need for both larger research studies and an approach that centers more on this complicated condition as a public health problem. The public health and population focus is an important fundament for proper use of new molecular biology techniques that in the future may increase our understanding of the pathophysiological pathways of preterm delivery and result in causal treatment modalities that are applicable to the clinical setting.