bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of possible modulation‐dependent biological effects of radiofrequency fields
Authors: Juutilainen Jukka , Höytö Anne , Kumlin Timo , Naarala Jonne 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe biological effects of modulated radiofrequency (RF) electromagnetic fields have been a subject of debate since early publications more than 30 years ago, suggesting that relatively weak amplitude‐modulated RF electromagnetic fields have specific biological effects different from the well‐known thermal effects of RF energy. This discussion has been recently activated by the increasing human exposure to RF fields from wireless communication systems. Modulation is used in all wireless communication systems to enable the signal to carry information. A previous review in 1998 indicated that experimental evidence for modulation‐specific effects of RF energy is weak. This article reviews recent studies (published after 1998) on the biological effects of modulated RF fields. The focus is on studies that have compared the effects of modulated and unmodulated (continuous wave) RF fields, or compared the effects of different kinds of modulations; studies that used only one type of signal are not included. While the majority of recent studies have reported no modulation‐specific effects, there are a few interesting exceptions indicating that there may be specific effects from amplitude‐modulated RF fields on the human central nervous system. These findings warrant follow‐up studies. Bioelectromagnetics 32:511–534, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bioluminescence characteristics of the fruiting body of Mycena chlorophos
Authors: Mori Kenichi , Kojima Satoshi , Maki Shojiro , Hirano Takashi , Niwa Haruki 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTBioluminescent fungi are widely distributed on land and most belong to the class Basidomycetes. Light of about 530 nm wavelength maximum is emitted continuously. The molecular basis for the light‐emitting process remains unclear. We investigated the characteristics of the bioluminescence using cultivated fruiting bodies of M. chlorophos. Only fresh fruiting bodies exhibited long‐lasting light emission; rapid decay of light emission was observed with frozen and freeze‐dried samples. Freeze‐dried samples can be stored at room temperature under dry conditions and may be useful for the isolation of luciferin. The light emission of the fresh fruiting bodies was maintained in various buffers at varying pH; it could be stopped with pH 4 acetate buffer and could be recovered at pH 6. The isolation of luciferin from the fresh fruiting bodies might be possible by the control of buffer pH. The effect of temperature on the light emission of fruiting bodies indicated that bioluminescence in M. chlorophos may involve enzymatic reaction(s). The solubilization of bioluminescent components from the fruiting bodies could not be achieved with various surfactants. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aggregates in monoclonal antibody manufacturing processes
Authors: Vázquez‐Rey María , Lang Dietmar A. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMonoclonal antibodies have proved to be a highly successful class of therapeutic products. Large‐scale manufacturing of pharmaceutical antibodies is a complex activity that requires considerable effort in both process and analytical development. If a therapeutic protein cannot be stabilized adequately, it will lose partially or totally its therapeutic properties or even cause immunogenic reactions thus potentially further endangering the patients' health. The phenomenon of protein aggregation is a common issue that compromises the quality, safety, and efficacy of antibodies and can happen at different steps of the manufacturing process, including fermentation, purification, final formulation, and storage. Aggregate levels in drug substance and final drug product are a key factor when assessing quality attributes of the molecule, since aggregation might impact biological activity of the biopharmaceutical. In this review it is analyzed how aggregates are formed during monoclonal antibody industrial production, why they have to be removed and the manufacturing process steps that are designed to either minimize or remove aggregates in the final product. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011; 108:1494–1508. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Understanding the Success Factors of Sustainable Supply Chain Management: Empirical Evidence from the Electrics and Electronics Industry
Authors: Wittstruck David , Teuteberg Frank 
Published: April 2011

ABSTRACTRecent studies have reported that organizations are often unable to identify the key success factors of Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) and to understand their implications for management practice. For this reason, the implementation of SSCM often does not result in noticeable benefits. So far, research has failed to offer any explanations for this discrepancy. In view of this fact, our study aims at identifying and analyzing the factors that underlie successful SSCM. Success factors are identified by means of a systematic literature review and are then integrated into an explanatory model. Consequently, the proposed success factor model is tested on the basis of an empirical study focusing on recycling networks of the electrics and electronics industry. We found that signaling, information provision and the adoption of standards are crucial preconditions for strategy commitment, mutual learning, the establishment of ecological cycles and hence for the overall success of SSCM. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Increased CD64 expression on polymorphonuclear neutrophils indicates infectious complications following solid organ transplantation
Authors: Grey Daniel , Sack Ulrich , Scholz Markus , Knaack Heike , Fricke Stephan , Oppel Christoph , Luderer Daniel , Fangmann Josef , Emmrich Frank , Kamprad Manja 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of monitoring CD64 antigen upregulation on polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) for the identification of infectious complications in the postoperative course of solid organ transplanted patients. Twenty‐five kidney, 13 liver, and four pancreas–kidney transplanted patients were included. Beginning with preoperative values up to postoperative values after 3 months for each patient, the PMN CD64 Index, HLA‐DR on monocytes, NKp44+ NK and NK/T cells, CXCR3+ NK cells, CXCR3+ T helper cells, CXCR3+ NK/T cells, and CD4/CD8 ratio were measured by flow cytometry. Subsequently they were correlated with confirmed postoperative complications. Measuring the PMN CD64 Index reached a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 65% in the detection of infectious complications. Concerning this matter, it was a significantly better marker than all other included parameters except CXCR3+ NK/T cells. In contrast, according to our results the PMN CD64 Index has no diagnostic relevance in detection of rejections. The combination of included parameters showed no improved diagnostic value. Due to its high sensitivity and specificity for infectious complications CD64 on PMN could be proven a very good indicator in evaluating suspected infectious complications in the postoperative course of transplanted patients. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
[NiX2(NHC)2] Complexes in the Hydrosilylation of Internal Alkynes
Authors: Berding Joris , van Paridon John A. , van Rixel Vincent H. S. , Bouwman Elisabeth 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA number of nickel(II) dihalide complexes with small monodentate N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands was synthesized and tested for their catalytic activity in the hydrosilylation of internal alkynes. The nickel(0) active species was obtained from the starting nickel(II) complex by reduction with diethylzinc. In all cases the catalytic reaction yielded the syn product selectively. The fastest catalysts reached full conversion of the symmetric alkyne 3‐hexyne in 60 min at 50 °C, with 5 mol‐% catalyst loading. The asymmetrically substituted internal alkyne 1‐phenyl‐1‐propyne gave full conversion within 30 min. The major product (83 %) was shown to be the expected (E)‐1‐phenyl‐1‐(triethylsilyl)propene. The active catalyst was demonstrated to be a homogeneous species.
Foraging, feeding, and reproduction on silica substrate: Increased waterborne zinc toxicity to the estuarine epibenthic amphipod Melita plumulosa
Authors: Mann Reinier M , Hyne Ross V , Ascheri Laure M.E 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Artificial substrates consisting of fine milled silica with or without α-cellulose were evaluated for their capacity to support survival, growth, and fecundity in the amphipod Melita plumulosa. There were no significant differences in the survival and fecundity of adult amphipods maintained for up to 13 d on natural sediment, silica-only, or silica/α-cellulose substrate when fed two algal foods, Sera® micron and Rotiselco®-ALG. However, growth among juveniles maintained on the silica/α-cellulose mixture was significantly inhibited over 14 d compared with natural sediment. Addition of a microencapsulated shrimp feed, Frippak®, to the algal foods improved juvenile growth over 28 d but still did not match the nutritive value of natural sediment. Fine silica without cellulose was subsequently used in acute and reproductive toxicity tests with waterborne zinc. With food, a 10-d median lethal concentration (LC50) of 140 µg Zn/L and a 10-d no-effect concentration (NEC) of 80 µg Zn/L were obtained for juvenile survival on silica. In contrast, a 10-d LC50 of 200 µg Zn/L and a 10-d NEC of 180 µg Zn/L were obtained for juveniles in water-only exposures. Similarly, exposure of adult females to Zn without food on silica compared with water-only exposures gave 10-d LC50s of 380 and 490 µg Zn/L and 10-d NECs of 130 and 370 µg Zn/L, respectively. The reproduction toxicity test indicated significant adult mortality at 92 µg Zn/L and significantly reduced fecundity at 22 µg Zn/L. We surmised that the toxicity of waterborne zinc to M. plumulosa increased when maintained on nutrient-depleted silica compared with water-only exposure because of increased energy expended through foraging, in concert with the likely increased exposure to Zn via the digestive tract and the gills. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1649–1658. © 2011 SETAC
Effects of six chemical deicers on larval wood frogs (Rana sylvatica)
Authors: Harless Meagan L , Huckins Casey J , Grant Jacqualine B , Pypker Thomas G 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Widespread and intensive application of road deicers, primarily road salt (NaCl), in North America threatens water quality and the health of freshwater ecosystems. Intensive use of NaCl can be harmful to sensitive members of freshwater ecosystems such as amphibians. Detection of negative effects of NaCl application has prompted the search for alternative chemical deicers with lower environmental impacts. We conducted a series of 96-h acute toxicity tests to determine the negative sensitivity of larval wood frogs (Rana [Lithobates] sylvatica) to six deicing chemicals: urea (CH4N2O), sodium chloride (NaCl), magnesium chloride (MgCl2), potassium acetate (CH3COOK), calcium chloride (CaCl2), and calcium magnesium acetate (C8H12CaMgO8). Acetates are sometimes touted as environmentally friendly alternatives to NaCl but have not been examined in enough detail to warrant this designation. When exposed to a range of environmentally realistic concentrations of these chemicals, larvae were least sensitive (i.e., had the lowest mortality rate) to CH4N2O, NaCl, and MgCl2 and most sensitive to acetates (C8H12CaMgO8, CH3COOK) and CaCl2. Our observed median lethal concentration estimates (LC5096-h) for NaCl were over two times higher than values presented in previous studies, which suggests variability in tolerance among R. sylvatica populations. The deicers varied greatly in their toxicity, and further research is warranted to examine the differential effects of this suite of deicers on other species. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1637–1641. © 2011 SETAC
Current-use pesticides in inland lake waters, precipitation, and air from Ontario, Canada
Authors: Kurt-Karakus Perihan Binnur , Teixeira Camilla , Small Jeff , Muir Derek , Bidleman Terry F 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Concentrations of current-use pesticides (CUPs) in water, zooplankton, precipitation, and air samples as well as stereoisomer fractions (SF; herbicidally active/total stereoisomers) of metolachlor were determined in water samples collected from 10 remote inland lakes in Ontario, Canada, between 2003 and 2005. The most frequently detected chemicals in lake water, precipitation, and air were α-endosulfan, atrazine, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, chlorothalonil, and trifluralin, and α-endosulfan and chlorpyrifos were the chemicals detected frequently in zooplankton. Air concentrations of these CUPs were within the range of previously reported values for background sites in the Great Lakes basin. High detection frequency of CUPs in lake water and precipitation was attributed to high usage amounts, but some CUPs such as ametryn and disulfoton that were not used in Ontario were also detected. Mean bioaccumulation factors (wet wt) in zooplankton for endosulfan ranged from 160 to 590 and from 20 to 60 for chlorpyrifos. The overall median SF of metolachlor in precipitation samples (0.846) was similar to that of the commercial S-metolachlor (0.882). However, the median SF of metolachlor in water from all sampled inland lakes (0.806) was significantly lower compared with Ontario rivers (0.873) but higher compared with previous measurements in the Great Lakes (0.710). Lakes with smaller watershed areas showed higher SFs, supporting the hypothesis of stereoselective processing of deposited metolachlor within the watersheds, followed by transport to the lakes. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011; 30:1539–1548. © 2011 SETAC
Fixation based event‐related fmri analysis: Using eye fixations as events in functional magnetic resonance imaging to reveal cortical processing during the free exploration of visual images
Authors: Marsman Jan Bernard C. , Renken Remco , Velichkovsky Boris M. , Hooymans Johanna M.M. , Cornelissen Frans W. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEye movements, comprising predominantly fixations and saccades, are known to reveal information about perception and cognition, and they provide an explicit measure of attention. Nevertheless, fixations have not been considered as events in the analyses of data obtained during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments. Most likely, this is due to their brevity and statistical properties. Despite these limitations, we used fixations as events to model brain activation in a free viewing experiment with standard fMRI scanning parameters. First, we found that fixations on different objects in different task contexts resulted in distinct cortical patterns of activation. Second, using multivariate pattern analysis, we showed that the BOLD signal revealed meaningful information about the task context of individual fixations and about the object being inspected during these fixations. We conclude that fixation‐based event‐related (FIBER) fMRI analysis creates new pathways for studying human brain function by enabling researchers to explore natural viewing behavior. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Facile synthesis of α‐amino phosphonates in water by Kabachnik–Fields reaction using magnesium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Ando Kaori , Egami Tomoe 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe three‐component reaction of aldehydes, amines and triethyl or diphenyl phosphite was efficiently catalyzed by magnesium dodecyl sulfate at room temperature in water to give various α‐amino phosphonates in high yields. The catalyst is easily available from inexpensive sodium dodecyl sulfate and magnesium bromide. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:358–362, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20689
Chiral Rh‐ and Ir‐catalyzed intramolecular cycloaddition of hexaynes for the construction of new chiral skeletons
Authors: Shibata Takanori , Chiba Tatsuya , Hirashima Hiroyuki , Ueno Yasunori , Endo Kohei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEnantioselective intramolecular cycloaddition of hexaynes with 1,3‐diyne moiety was examined. Chiral Rh catalyst provided axially chiral 1,1′ ‐bis(biphenylenyl) derivatives by consecutive [2+2+2] cycloaddition. In contrast, chiral Ir catalyst provided axially chiral macrocyclic compounds with 1,3‐diyne moiety by single [2+2+2] cycloaddition. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 22:363–370, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20691
Circulating and tumor‐infiltrating myeloid cell subsets in patients with bladder cancer
Authors: Eruslanov Evgeniy , Neuberger Molly , Daurkin Irina , Perrin George Q. , Algood Chester , Dahm Philipp , Rosser Charles , Vieweg Johannes , Gilbert Scott M. , Kusmartsev Sergei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBoth cancer‐related inflammation and tumor‐induced immune suppression are associated with expansion of myeloid cell subsets including myeloid‐derived suppressor cells. However, little known regarding characteristics of myeloid cells in patients with bladder cancer. In this study, we analyzed myeloid cells from peripheral blood (PBMC) and tumor tissue that were collected from patients with superficial noninvasive and invasive urothelial carcinomas. Our results demonstrate that PBMC from bladder cancer patients contain two major CD11b myeloid cell subsets: granulocyte‐type CD15high CD33low cells and monocyte‐type CD15low CD33high cells. The number of circulating granulocytic but not monocytic myeloid cells in cancer patients was markedly increased when compared to healthy individuals. Both myeloid cell subsets from cancer patients were highly activated and produced substantial amounts of proinflammatory chemokines/cytokines including CCL2, CCL3, CCL4, G‐CSF, IL‐8 and IL‐6. Granulocytic myeloid cells were able to inhibit in vitro T cell proliferation through induction of CD4+Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. Analysis of bladder cancer tissues revealed that tumors were infiltrated with monocyte–macrophage CD11b+HLA‐DR+ and granulocytic CD11b+CD15+HLA‐DR‐ myeloid cells. Collectively, this study identifies myeloid cell subsets in patients with bladder cancer. We demonstrate that these highly activated inflammatory myeloid cells represent a source of multiple chemokines/cytokines and may contribute to inflammation and immune dysfunction in bladder cancer.
Fluorescence Response of Alkaloids and DAPI on Inclusion in Cucurbit[7]uril: Utilization for the Study of the Encapsulation of Ionic Liquid Cations
Authors: Biczók László , Wintgens Véronique , Miskolczy Zsombor , Megyesi Mónika 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe encapsulation of biologically important compounds in the cavity of cucurbit[7]urils (CB7) brings about a variety of effects. The binding of lumichrome to CB7 promotes the tautomerization from alloxazine‐ to isoalloxazine‐type structure in the ground‐state, leading to substantial changes in the absorption and fluorescence properties. Even partial embedding in CB7 macrocycle is able to protect sanguinarine, a natural alkaloid, against nucleophilic addition and photooxidation. The inclusion of berberine in CB7 results in about 500‐fold enhancement of its fluorescence intensity, and the change in its fluorescence decay characteristics indicates ternary complex formation with cations. DAPI (4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole dication) is an excellent fluorescent probe for the study of the CB7 complex formation with ionic liquids, surfactants, and biologically important compounds. The binding of 1‐alkyl‐3‐methylimidazolium ions to CB7 is strongly exothermic; both the enthalpy and the entropy change in the reaction go through a minimum when the 1‐alkyl group is lengthened, reaching the smallest values for the hexyl derivative.
Histochemical and ultrastructural analyses of adhesive setae of lizards indicate that they contain lipids in addition to keratins
Authors: Alibardi L. , Edward D.P. , Patil L. , Bouhenni R. , Dhinojwala A. , Niewiarowski P.H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe studied the distribution of lipid material and organelles in the epidermal layers of toe pads from two species of lizards representing the two main lizard families in which adhesive scansors are found (gekkonids and polychrotids), the dull day gecko, Phelsuma dubia and the green anole, Anolis carolinensis. Although lipids are a conspicuous component of the mesos layer of squamate reptiles and function in reducing cutaneous water loss, their distribution has not been specifically studied in the highly elaborated epidermal surface of adhesive toe pads. We found that, in addition to the typical cutaneous water loss‐resistant mesos and alpha‐layer lipids, the Oberhäutchen (including the setae) on the most exterior layers of the epidermis in P. dubia and A. carolinensis also contain lipid material. We also present detailed histochemical and ultrastructural analyses of the toe pads of P. dubia, which indicate that lipid material is closely associated spatially with maturing setae as they branch during the renewal phase of epidermal regeneration. This lipid material appears associated with the packing of keratin within setae, possibly affecting permeability to water loss in the pad lamella, where the surface area is from 4–60‐fold greater compared with normal scales. J. Morphol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phosphorus nutrition alleviates manganese toxicity in Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens
Authors: Rosas Analí , Rengel Zed , Ribera Alejandra , de La Luz Mora María 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPhosphorus (P) nutrition has been suggested to play a role in the alleviation of manganese (Mn) toxicity in some higher plant species. However, there are few reports on the role of P in regulating Mn accumulation by forage species. We studied the effect of P nutrition on Mn toxicity in Lolium perenne L. and Trifolium repens L. An increase in Mn concentration in root and shoot tissues was associated with an increase in both P supply and P tissue concentrations. Nevertheless, in both forage species, especially white clover, plant‐growth inhibition caused by Mn excess was decreased with increasing P additions. Moreover, the carboxylate exudation that had increased in response to high Mn was gradually reduced by increasing P supply. We suggest that P supply may have a beneficial effect in reducing the severity of Mn toxicity in forage species.
Facial, lingual, and pharyngeal electromyography in infants with Pierre Robin sequence
Authors: Renault Francis , Baudon Jean‐Jacques , Galliani Eva , Flores‐Guevara Roberto , Marlin Sandrine , Garabedian Erea Noel , Vazquez Marie‐Paule 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIntroduction: We evaluated the role of electromyography (EMG) in assessing orofacial neurological dysfunction in 81 infants with Pierre Robin sequence (PRS). Methods: Needle EMG of muscles of the face, tongue, and soft palate, and blink responses were recorded. A two‐channel EMG recorded sucking and swallowing during bottle feeding. Results: Neurogenic EMG signs were detected in facial or oral muscles in 17 of 24 associated PRS and 1 of 57 isolated PRS cases (P < 0.0001). Soft palate muscles showed low‐amplitude traces in 41.4% of patients who required two surgical steps for cleft palate repair and 18.5% of those who required only one step. Regarding EMG study during bottle feeding, patients with moderate or severe abnormalities of oral/pharyngeal coordination required more prolonged enteral feeding than patients with mild abnormalities or normal coordination (P = 0.002). Conclusion: Combined EMG methods were useful in the treatment of infants with PRS. EMG detection of cranial nerve involvement strongly suggests an associated form of PRS. Muscle Nerve, 2011