bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute alcohol intoxication and suicide: a gender-stratified analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System
Authors: Kaplan Mark S , McFarland Bentson H , Huguet Nathalie , Conner Kenneth , Caetano Raul , Giesbrecht Norman , Nolte Kurt B 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesAlthough it is well known that people with alcohol dependence are at a markedly elevated risk for suicide, much less is known about the role of acute alcohol use in suicidal behaviours. The primary aims of this epidemiological study were to assess the prevalence and factors associated with acute alcohol intoxication among 57 813 suicide decedents in 16 states.MethodsData from the restricted National Violent Death Reporting System 2003–2009 for male and female suicide decedents aged 18 years and older were analysed by multiple logistic regression to compare decedents with and without acute alcohol intoxication (defined as blood alcohol concentration (BAC) ≥0.08 g/dl).ResultsAmong men, those who were younger, American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic, veterans, of lower educational attainment, deceased from a self-inflicted firearm injury or hanging/suffocation and residing in rural areas were more likely to have been intoxicated at the time of death. Among women, the factors associated with a BAC ≥0.08 g/dl were younger age, being American Indian/Alaska Native, and using a firearm, hanging/suffocation or falling as method of death.ConclusionsIn both men and women, alcohol intoxication was associated with violent methods of suicide and declined markedly with age, suggesting that addressing risks associated with acute alcohol use may be of the greatest aid in the prevention of violent suicides among young and middle age adults.
Kidney Tumor Biomarkers Revealed by Simultaneous Multiple Matrix Metabolomics Analysis
Authors: Ganti Sheila , Taylor Sandra L. , Abu Aboud Omran , Yang Joy , Evans Christopher , Osier Michael V. , Alexander Danny C. , Kim Kyoungmi , Weiss Robert H. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Metabolomics is increasingly being used in cancer biology for biomarker discovery and identification of potential novel therapeutic targets. However, a systematic metabolomics study of multiple biofluids to determine their interrelationships and to describe their use as tumor proxies is lacking. Using a mouse xenograft model of kidney cancer, characterized by subcapsular implantation of Caki-1 clear cell human kidney cancer cells, we examined tissue, serum, and urine all obtained simultaneously at baseline (urine) and at, or close to, animal sacrifice (urine, tissue, and plasma). Uniform metabolomics analysis of all three “matrices” was accomplished using gas chromatography– and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Of all the metabolites identified (267 in tissue, 246 in serum, and 267 in urine), 89 were detected in all 3 matrices, and the majority was altered in the same direction. Heat maps of individual metabolites showed that alterations in serum were more closely related to tissue than was urine. Two metabolites, cinnamoylglycine and nicotinamide, were concordantly and significantly (when corrected for multiple testing) altered in tissue and serum, and cysteine–glutathione disulfide showed the highest change (232.4-fold in tissue) of any metabolite. On the basis of these and other considerations, three pathways were chosen for biologic validation of the metabolomic data, resulting in potential therapeutic target identification. These data show that serum metabolomics analysis is a more accurate proxy for tissue changes than urine and that tryptophan degradation (yielding anti-inflammatory metabolites) is highly represented in renal cell carcinoma, and support the concept that PPAR-α antagonism may be a potential therapeutic approach for this disease. Cancer Res; 72(14); 3471–9. ©2012 AACR.
The Global Cancer Genomics Consortium: Interfacing Genomics and Cancer Medicine
Authors:   The Global Cancer Genomics Consortium
Published: May 2012

Abstract
The Global Cancer Genomics Consortium (GCGC) is an international collaborative platform that amalgamates cancer biologists, cutting-edge genomics, and high-throughput expertise with medical oncologists and surgical oncologists; they address the most important translational questions that are central to cancer research and treatment. The annual GCGC symposium was held at the Advanced Centre for Treatment Research and Education in Cancer, Mumbai, India, from November 9 to 11, 2011. The symposium showcased international next-generation sequencing efforts that explore cancer-specific transcriptomic changes, single-nucleotide polymorphism, and copy number variations in various types of cancers, as well as the structural genomics approach to develop new therapeutic targets and chemical probes. From the spectrum of studies presented at the symposium, it is evident that the translation of emerging cancer genomics knowledge into clinical applications can only be achieved through the integration of multidisciplinary expertise. In summary, the GCGC symposium provided practical knowledge on structural and cancer genomics approaches, as well as an exclusive platform for focused cancer genomics endeavors. Cancer Res; 72(15); 3720–4. ©2012 AACR.
The Kunitz 1 and Kunitz 3 domains of tissue factor pathway inhibitor are required for efficient inhibition of factor Xa
Authors: Peraramelli Sameera , Suylen Dennis P. L. , Rosing Jan , Hackeng Tilman M. 
Published: May 2012

SummaryTissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) is a slow tight-binding inhibitor that inhibits factor (F)Xa in a biphasic fashion: a rapid formation of loose FXa•TFPI encounter complex is followed by slow rearrangement into a tight FXa•TFPI* complex in which the Kunitz-2 (K2) domain of TFPI binds and inhibits FXa. In the current study, full-length TFPI (TFPIfl) and various truncated TFPI constructs were used to assess the importance of TFPI domains other than K2 in the inhibition of FXa. In the absence of Ca2+ ions, FXa was more effectively inhibited by TFPIfl than Gladomain less FXa. In turn, Ca2+ ions impaired FXa inhibition by TFPIfl but not by TFPI constructs that lack the C-terminus. This suggests that, in absence of Ca2+ ions, interactions between the C-terminus of TFPI and the Gla-domain of FXa promote FXa-inhibition. TFPIfl and K2K3 had similar efficiencies for encounter complex formation. However, K2K3 showed monophasic inhibition instead of biphasic inhibition, indicating absence of rearrangement into a tight complex. K1K2 and TFPI1–161 showed biphasic inhibition, but had less efficient encounter complex formation than TFPIfl. Finally, K2K3 was a 10-fold more efficient FXainhibitor than K2. These results indicate that K3-C-terminus enhances the formation of encounter complex and that K1 is required for isomerisation of the encounter- into tight complex. Since TFPIfl has a 10-fold higher Ki than K2K3-C-terminus, we propose that K1 is not only required for the transition of the loose to the tight FXa•TFPI* complex, but also inhibits FXa•TFPI encounter complex formation. This inhibitory activity is counteracted by K3 and C-terminus.
Effect of non-specific reversal agents on anticoagulant activity of dabigatran and rivaroxaban
Authors: Marlu Raphael , Hodaj Enkelejda , Paris Adeline , Albaladejo Pierre , Crackowski Jean , Pernod Gilles 
Published: May 2012

SummaryThe new anticoagulants dabigatran and rivaroxaban can be responsible for haemorrhagic complications. As for any anticoagulant, bleeding management is challenging. We aimed to test the effect of all putative haemostatic agents on the anticoagulant activity of these new drugs using thrombin generation tests. In an ex vivo study, 10 healthy white male subjects were randomised to receive rivaroxaban (20 mg) or dabigatran (150 mg) in one oral administration. After a two weeks washout period, they received the other anticoagulant. Venous blood samples were collected just before drug administration (H0) and 2 hours thereafter. Reversal of anticoagulation was tested in vitro using prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC), rFVIIa or FEIBA® at various concentrations. Rivaroxaban affects quantitative and kinetic parameters, including the endogenous thrombin potential (ETP-AUC and more pronouncedly the thrombin peak), the lag-time and time to peak. PCC strongly corrected ETP-AUC, whereas rFVIIa only modified the kinetic parameters. FEIBA corrected all parameters. Dabigatran specially affects the kinetics of thrombin generation with prolonged lag-time and time to peak. Although PCC increased ETP-AUC, only rFVIIa and FEIBA corrected the altered lag-time. For both anticoagulants, lower doses of FEIBA, corresponding to a quarter to half the dose usually used, have potential reversal profile of interest. In conclusion, some non-specific reversal agents appear to be able to reverse the anticoagulant activity of rivaroxaban or dabigatran. However, clinical evaluation is needed regarding haemorrhagic situations, and a meticulous risk-benefit evaluation regarding their use in this context is required.
Impact of Atrial Fibrillation on Outcome in Thrombolyzed Patients With Stroke
Authors: Frank Benedikt , Fulton Rachael , Weimar Christian , Shuaib Ashfaq , Lees Kennedy R. 
Published: May 2012

Background and Purpose—
Atrial fibrillation has been considered a risk factor for poor outcome from acute stroke and may influence response to thrombolysis, although supporting data are limited due to potential confounding with age and stroke severity.

Method—

We assessed the association of atrial fibrillation and thrombolysis exposure with the modified Rankin Scale score distribution at 90 days among patients registered in a trials archive. We used an age and baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale-adjusted Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test to test significance (
P
) followed by proportional odds logistic regression analysis to estimate the ORs for improved modified Rankin Scale score.

Results—

Data were available for 7091 patients, of whom 3027 were thrombolyzed. A total of 1631 patients had a history of atrial fibrillation, of whom 639 were thrombolyzed. Among patients with atrial fibrillation, baseline severity was greater (median baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, 14 versus 12;
P
<0.001) and age was higher (mean age, 74.0 versus 66.5;
P
<0.001). An association of treatment with outcome was seen independently and was of similar magnitude within patients with atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.12–1.73;
P
<0.001) and without atrial fibrillation (OR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.39–1.69;
P
<0.001). No association of atrial fibrillation and overall stroke outcome could be found (OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.84–1.03;
P
=0.409).

Conclusion—
In this nonrandomized comparison, presence of atrial fibrillation had no independent impact on stroke outcome and compared with untreated comparators, the patients who received thrombolysis experienced an advantage in outcomes that was of equal magnitude whether in the presence or absence of atrial fibrillation.
Development and Analysis of a Probabilistic Forecasting Game for Meteorology Students
Authors: Decker Steven G. 
Published: May 2012

Calls for moving from a deterministic to a probabilistic view of weather forecasting have become increasingly urgent over recent decades, yet the primary national forecasting competition and many in-class forecasting games are wholly deterministic in nature. To counter these conflicting trends, a long-running forecasting game at Rutgers University has recently been modified to become probabilistic in nature. Students forecast high- and low-temperature intervals and probabilities of precipitation for two locations: one fixed at the Rutgers cooperative observing station, the other chosen for each forecast window to maximize difficulty. Precipitation errors are tabulated with a Brier score, while temperature errors contain a sharpness component dependent on the width of the forecast interval and an interval miss component dependent on the degree to which the verification falls within the interval.The inclusion of a probabilistic forecasting game allows for the creation of a substantial database of forecasts that can be analyzed using standard probabilistic approaches, such as reliability diagrams, relative operating characteristic curves, and histograms. Discussions of probabilistic forecast quality can be quite abstract for undergraduate students, but the use of a forecast database that students themselves help construct motivates these discussions and helps students make connections between their forecast process, their standing in class rankings, and the verification diagrams they use. Student feedback on the probabilistic game is also discussed.
Efficacy of Fibrin Sealant for Drainage Reduction in Total Thyroidectomy with Bilateral Central Neck Dissection
Authors: Kim Tae Wook , Choi Sung Yong , Jang Min‐Seok , Lee Gang‐Gyu , Nam Myung‐Eun , Son Young‐Ik , Chung Man Ki 
Published: May 2012

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of fibrin sealant (FS) for reducing postoperative drainage in patients who underwent total thyroidectomy (TT) with bilateral central neck dissection (CND) for papillary thyroid cancer.Study DesignProspective randomized trial.SettingTertiary care institution.Subjects and MethodsSeventy‐eight patients with papillary thyroid cancer were enrolled and randomized to either the FS application group (FS+, 38 patients) or no FS application group (FS–, 40 patients). In both groups, postoperative drainage amounts were measured by a negative suction system until the criterion of drain removal was met. Drainage amounts as well as the time to drain removal, postoperative complications, and chemical profile assay of drain fluids between the 2 groups were performed.ResultsDrainage amounts at the initial 24 hours as well as total amounts of the FS+ group tended to be lower than those of the FS– group; however, they were not statistically different (at initial 24 hours, 64.3 ± 17.5 mL vs 73.0 ± 18.0 mL, P =. 06; total amounts, 93.5 ± 30.7 mL vs 105.7 ± 31.2 mL, P =. 05). The FS application did not shorten the time to drain removal even when different criteria for drain removal were applied (criteria of <20 mL/d or <30 mL/d). When chemistry profiles of collected drain fluids were analyzed in patient subgroups, the level of triglycerides in the FS+ group was significantly lower than in the FS– group.ConclusionFibrin sealant has no additional advantage in terms of drainage reduction and early discharge despite the additional medical cost.
Hypnic headache: Response to lamotrigine in two cases
Authors: Ouahmane Younes , Mounach Jamal , Satte Amal , Zerhouni Abderrahim , Ouhabi Hamid 
Published: May 2012

Background: Hypnic headache (HH) is a rare primary headache that occurs exclusively during sleep. Drug therapy of HH is often associated with side effects. In a few cases, antiepileptic drugs have been useful in preventing HH attacks. Cases: We describe two patients, a man aged 57 and a woman aged 63, both with a history of duodenal ulcer and both suffering from several months of frequent and moderate headaches (at least 15 days/month), which occurred only at night and resisted treatment. Physical examination and imaging were unremarkable. Sleep polysomnography was normal in the man. In both patients, the diagnosis of HH was made on the basis of the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 2nd edition criteria. Given the prior history of duodenal ulcer and the unavailability of some drugs in Morocco, we opted for the administration of moderate doses of lamotrigine. The outcome was favourable at one year follow-up and beyond. Conclusion: To our knowledge, the response to lamotrigine in HH cases has never been reported. Because of its safety profile and availability, lamotrigine can be an effective alternative treatment in HH.
Concurrent functional and structural cortical alterations in migraine
Authors: Maleki Nasim , Becerra Lino , Brawn Jennifer , Bigal Marcelo , Burstein Rami , Borsook David 
Published: May 2012

Aim: Various animal and human studies have contributed to the idea of cortical structural–functional alterations in migraine. Defining concurrent cortical alterations may provide specific insights into the unfolding adaptive or maladaptive changes taking place in cortex in migraine. Methods: From a group of 60 episodic migraineurs, 20 were recruited to the study. Using high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, structural and functional cortical measures were compared in migraineurs who experienced increased frequency of attacks (HF; 8–14 days/month; n = 10), to those who experienced less frequent migraine attacks (LF; < 2 days/month; n = 10), and to healthy controls (HC; n = 20). Results: Parallel structural and functional differences were found as follows: (i) HF patients showed higher thickness in the area representing the face in the post-central gyrus, which correlated with the observed stronger functional activation, suggesting adaptation to repeated sensory drive; (ii) smaller cortical volume was observed in the cingulate cortex that correlated with lower activation in the HF group; and (iii) similarly significant structural and functional differences (HF > LF) were observed in the insula that may reflect potential alteration in affective processing. Conclusion: These results suggest differential response patterns in the sensory vs. affective processing regions in the brain that may be an adaptive response to repeated migraine attacks.
Increased Adolescent HIV Infection during Pregnancy Leads to Increase in Perinatal Transmission at Urban Referral Center
Authors: Faghih Sahar , Secord Elizabeth 
Published: May 2012

Background: Undiagnosed HIV during pregnancy leads to increased perinatal infection. Four cases of adolescents/young adults with HIV contracted during pregnancy, after initial negative HIV testing, led to 4 cases of perinatal HIV, which were diagnosed only after AIDS-defining illness occurred in infants. These cases were missed despite HIV testing during pregnancy. This identifies a change in pattern for perinatal infection: increased adolescent/young adult HIV leading to increased perinatal risk. Methods: A 10-year retrospective chart review on HIV-positive infants in an urban referral center. Charts were reviewed for timing of maternal HIV testing and reason for infant HIV diagnosis. Results: Twenty infected infants were referred over a 10-year period. Four HIV-infected infants were identified within a 2-year time frame at the end of the 10-year period. The 4 mothers were HIV negative, based on early peripartum testing (3 in first trimester and 1 in second trimester) and became infected or seroconverted during pregnancy after initial HIV test. The mothers diagnosed were all under the age of 25. Conclusions: Rapid HIV testing at the time of delivery, despite a negative HIV result in early pregnancy, will prevent the delay in HIV diagnosis in both the mother and the infant and thus decrease HIV transmission from mother to child.
Topical Insulin Accelerates Wound Healing in Diabetes by Enhancing the AKT and ERK Pathways: A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Lima Maria H. M. , Caricilli Andréa M. , de Abreu Lélia L. , Araújo Eliana P. , Pelegrinelli Fabiana F. , Thirone Ana C. P. , Tsukumo Daniela M. , Pessoa Ana Flávia M. , dos Santos Marinilce F. , de Moraes Maria A. , Carvalheira José B. C. , Velloso Lício A. , Saad Mario J. A. 
Published: May 2012

Background
Wound healing is impaired in diabetes mellitus, but the mechanisms involved in this process are virtually unknown. Proteins belonging to the insulin signaling pathway respond to insulin in the skin of rats.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulation of the insulin signaling pathway in wound healing and skin repair of normal and diabetic rats, and, in parallel, the effect of a topical insulin cream on wound healing and on the activation of this pathway.

Research Design and Methods
We investigated insulin signaling by immunoblotting during wound healing of control and diabetic animals with or without topical insulin. Diabetic patients with ulcers were randomized to receive topical insulin or placebo in a prospective, double-blind and placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial (NCT 01295177) of wound healing.

Results and Conclusions
Expression of IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, SHC, ERK, and AKT are increased in the tissue of healing wounds compared to intact skin, suggesting that the insulin signaling pathway may have an important role in this process. These pathways were attenuated in the wounded skin of diabetic rats, in parallel with an increase in the time of complete wound healing. Upon topical application of insulin cream, the wound healing time of diabetic animals was normalized, followed by a reversal of defective insulin signal transduction. In addition, the treatment also increased expression of other proteins, such as eNOS (also in bone marrow), VEGF, and SDF-1α in wounded skin. In diabetic patients, topical insulin cream markedly improved wound healing, representing an attractive and cost-free method for treating this devastating complication of diabetes.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01295177
The Economic Returns to Good Looks and Risky Sex in the Bangladesh Commercial Sex Market
Authors: Islam Asadul , Smyth Russell 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
This study examines the economic returns to beauty and unprotected sex in the commercial sex market in Bangladesh. The results show that there is a beauty premium for commercial sex work, but it is within the bounds of the economic returns to beauty for women in occupations that do not involve sex work. We find that there is an earnings premium for sex workers who sell unprotected sex and that more attractive sex workers charge a higher premium for unprotected sex. This result is consistent with more attractive people being better placed to bargain with others and with male clients being more likely to overvalue the returns to immediate sexual gratification and to engage in risk taking activities in the presence of attractive sex workers. The results are robust to alternative empirical specifications.
Neue Zusatzstücke zur ersten Tafel der Rituale der Frau Allaituraḫi aus Mukiš
Authors: Lorenz Jürgen , Taş Ilknur 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Mit der Identifikation neuer Duplikate und dem Auffinden eines Joins lässt sich der Text der ersten Tafel der Rituale der Allaituraäi aus Mukiš (CTH 780) weiter vervollständigen und die Ritualhandlungen an entscheidenden Stellen besser verstehen. Das bisher unveröffentlichte Fragment Bo 8366 wird im Rahmen der Bearbeitung der neu gewonnenen Textabschnitte mit Foto, Autographie, Umschrift und Übersetzung vorgestellt und eingeordnet.