bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Awareness of Oral Biopsy Procedure among Dentists
Authors: Keshwar Shashi , Grover Sonal , Sarraf Deependra P , Shankar Daya 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Various diagnostic procedures are available to reach a diagnosis in case of oral lesions/conditions. Biopsy is one of the important tools for confirmatory diagnosis. Therefore, the dentist should have adequate awareness regarding oral biopsy procedures.

Objectives:
The objective of the study was to determine the awareness of oral biopsy procedure among dentists in Haryana.

Materials and Methods:
It was a cross-sectional study conducted among dentists in Haryana, India, using a 16-item close-ended questionnaire. Google Forms was prepared via docs.google.com/forms, and the link was sent to the participants via social media platforms such as WhatsApp and Viber. The filled questionnaires were extracted from Google Forms and exported to Microsoft Excel 2016. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and percentage were calculated to present the data using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software, version 21.

Results:
Out of 68, only 35.3% and 50% of the dental surgeons were aware that the removal of tissue by laser or electrosurgery can introduce artifacts or tissue distortion and punch biopsy generally produces few artifacts within the biopsied sample, respectively. Among the respondents, 35.3% and 11.8% responded that formaldehyde and normal saline also can be used for fixation of the biopsy sample.

Conclusion:
Awareness of oral biopsy technique was not up to date among majority of the dentists. Eminent steps should be taken to increase the awareness of biopsy procedure among them.
Cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its associated markers: A review
Authors: Mallika Lavanya , Rajarathinam Mani , Thangavel Sundararajan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Evidences of the current research say that cancer is multifactorial with varied mechanisms of origin. Most theories evolve either intrinsic (genetic) or extrinsic factors like tobacco and alcoholism as the major cause of oral cancer in India. There is growing evidence that human papilloma virus may act as a co-carcinogen, along with tobacco, in the causation of cancers. The cells being triggered by the agents may be somatic (differentiated functional cell) or a normal stem cell with multipotency or even the transient proliferative cells derived from the stem cells. These stem cells possess several features like slow cell cycle, ability to extrude chemotherapeutic drugs, exhibit epithelial mesenchymal transition, and inhibit apoptosis. Targeting these progenitor stem cells may aid in improving the overall prognosis of the patient. These cancer stem cells are targeted using various markers that are apparently more or less specific to various types of stem cells.
Attitude to Autopsy Practice by Doctors in the South Eastern Part of Nigeria
Authors: Menkiti Felix Emeka , Onyiaorah Igwebuike Victor , Menkiti Ifeoma Oluchukwu , Ukah Cornelius Ozobia , Chigbo Chisom God'swill , Okani Chukwudi Onyeaghana , Ufoaroh Chinyelu Uchenna , Akubukor Franklyne Chinenye , Enesi Adeiza Samuel , Nwafor Ifeanyi Echezona , Okafor Kenneth Ndubuisi 
Published: May 2024

Background:
There is a global decline in the autopsy rate despite its contributions to the development of medical practice.

Aim:
We assessed the utilization of autopsy by medical doctors in a southeastern part of Nigeria.

Subjects and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study among medical doctors practicing in Anambra State, southeastern Nigeria. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used for data collection, including demography, and information related to knowledge, experience, and attitude of respondents. Statistical analysis used: Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.

Results:
Two hundred and forty-one doctors responded, 68.9% of whom were males and 48.1% consultants. More than 80% of the respondents show that autopsy is of great benefit to clinical practice, including but not limited to serving as a tool for clinical research (n = 227), identification of atypical disease presentation (n = 217), and clinical audit (n = 210). Hindrances to autopsy requests include cultural/religious belief, lack of enabling government, and hospital policies on autopsy. There is a significant relationship between undergraduate autopsy exposure and period of graduation (χ2 = 12.451; P = 0.014) and age of respondents (χ2 = 9.860; P = 0.043), but not the status of respondents (χ2 = 6.699; P = 0.350)

Conclusion:
Autopsy is an indispensable tool in clinical practice notwithstanding the global decline in its rate. A multifaceted collaboration involving pathologists, clinicians, educators, hospital administrators, government, and policy makers is needed to stem the tide.
Evaluation of the Coexistence of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Anxiety Disorder Symptoms
Authors: Eroglu Meliha Zengin , Lus Melek Gözde 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and its etiology of it has not been fully elucidated yet. We tried to evaluate the familial aspects of anxiety disorders and ADHD in this study.

Materials and Methods:
Our study group comprised 128 parents aged between 24 and 60 years (114 mothers and 14 fathers) of 128 children with diagnosis of ADHD (n = 47), anxiety disorders (n = 30), and ADHD + anxiety disorders (n = 51) who had been evaluated by the department of child and adolescent psychiatry. Findings of anxiety disorders and ADHD were evaluated in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-V Criteria. Beck Anxiety Inventory, Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), and Turgay's Adult Attention-Deficit Disorder (ADD)/ADHD Diagnosis and Evaluation Scale were applied to parents.

Results:
Anxiety levels, WURS, and Turgay's Adult ADD/ADHD Diagnosis and Evaluation Scale points did not be differentiated between groups. 16.7% (n = 5) of ADHD + anxiety, 6.4% of ADHD (n = 3), and 9.8% (n = 5) of anxiety group of parents were high-degree ADD/ADHD (+).

Conclusion:
Our study results show that there are some familial features of ADHD and anxiety disorders. Considering the relationship between these two disorders during the psychiatric care of children as well as their parents is deeply important for clinicians.
Effects of Bilateral STN-DBS on Psychiatric Profile, Cognitive Aspects, and Quality of Life in Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Alugolu Rajesh , Pavan S. , Gaddamanugu Padmaja , Kolpakwar Swapnil , Mudumba Vijaya Saradhi , Mridula Rukmini , Borgohain Rupam 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Apart from motor manifestations, Parkinson's disease (PD) and associated treatment modalities including DBS are associated with less studied psychiatric and cognitive symptoms.

Aim:
This study aims to evaluate psychiatric profile, cognition, and quality of life in patients with advanced PD and the effects on STN-DBS on them.

Study Design:
A prospective, single center, observational study using a direct, structured interview of PD patients.

Materials and Methods:
All consecutive patients undergoing bilateral STN-DBS between the period June 2017 and December 2019 were evaluated with mini international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI), Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE), and PD questionnaire-39 (PDQ-39) before surgery. All these patients were evaluated at 6 weeks postsurgery with MINI and with MINI, ACE and PDQ-39 at 6 months postsurgery. Lead position in magnetic resonance imaging was correlated with psychiatric manifestations. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon sign-rank test were used to study the difference between means.

Results:
There were a total of 40 cases operated in the study period. There were two patients who had cerebral hemorrhage and two had leads removed due to infection and these patients were excluded from the final analysis. Out of 36 patients, depression was noted in 7 (19.4%), psychosis in 5 (13.8%), anxiety in 10 (27.7%), and suicidal ideation in 2 (5.5%) cases. Postoperatively, 85% of patients with depression, 80% with psychosis, and 80% of patients with anxiety disorders improved. One patient developed new-onset depression and one patient developed visual hallucination. Two patients had acute deterioration in the immediate postoperative period. The patient who developed depression and hallucination had their leads medially located. Mild cognitive decline was noted in verbal fluency which was significant (P = 0.003), and however, there was a significant improvement in quality of life (P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
Bilateral STN-DBS is a safe and effective therapeutic option and improves psychiatric disorders if the leads are appropriately placed. Although mild cognitive decline occurs, there is overall significant improvement in quality of life.
The Effect of Child-Centered Play Therapy on Children with Anger Control Problems is True
Authors: Ahbab Afra , Özdogan Büsra , Sayar Gökben Hizli 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Children's anger and aggressive behaviors become a problem for teachers and parents at home, in the classroom, or the playground. Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches are recommended for children who cannot control their anger. Child-centered play therapy is one of these approaches.

Aim:
This study aimed to reveal the effect of child-centered play therapy on children with anger issues.

Materials and Methods:
The study group consists of 25 volunteer child clients with anger symptoms, and the control group consists of 25 volunteer child clients without anger symptoms. Each participant was given child-centered play therapy with 45-min sessions twice a week for 3 weeks during the research process. The Trait Anger-Anger Style Scale was administered to the participants before and after the therapy.

Results:
As a result of the study, it was shown that children with anger issues experienced a significant change and improved after child-centered play therapy. Children have become able to control their anger. At the same time, improvement was observed in the verbal and behavioral expression of anger.

Conclusion:
The results of this study indicate that child-centered play therapy can be an effective treatment option for children with anger issues and aggressive behaviors.
Investigation of the Relationship between Eating Attitudes, Self-Esteem, Anxiety, and Depression Levels of Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Özkan Aleyna , Çayircioglu Seyma , Karagöz Ilke , Kocatürk Rümeysa Rabia , Özcan Öznur Ozge , Karahan Mesut 
Published: May 2024

Aims:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between hormonal and psychological processes and eating attitudes, self-esteem, anxiety, and depression levels in postmenopausal women.

Materials and Methods:
This study was carried out by applying demographic information form, Beck depression, anxiety inventory, Self-Esteem Scale, and eating attitude test to 100 female participants who entered the menopause period. The research method is the relational screening method. Online and face-to-face surveys were administered to the participants. Data obtained from the scales SPSS software version 25.0. analyzed with the program.

Results:
In 100 menopausal women, 9% were low, 68% moderate, and 23% were at the good material level, body mass index was 14% normal, 61% were slightly obese, 17% were 1st class obese, and 8% were 2nd class obese. When the association between menopausal women's eating attitudes and depression levels was investigated, it was shown that there was a moderately negative relationship between the Beck Depression Scale and the eating attitude scale, as well as between the eating attitude and self-esteem. It has been found that there is a high level of positive correlation between the self-esteem and anxiety levels of menopausal women and between eating attitudes and anxiety levels.

Conclusion:
There is a negative relationship between eating attitude and depression and there is a positive relationship between self-esteem and trait anxiety. Depression, anxiety, nutritional obsessions, and low self-esteem can be seen in women with menopause, and there are relationships among these. For the health and rehabilitation of women with menopause, these parameters should be taken into account and preventive measures should be understood.
The Mind − Brain Problem from the Perspective of Agency
Authors: Cengel Yunus A. 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
In this article, it is argued that the elusive mind qualifies as an active agent which works through the brain rather than the brain creating the subjective mind or acting as the mind itself.

Materials and Methods:
This article relies on observation-based reasoned arguments and thus it is philosophical in nature.

Discussion:
We seem to be living in a virtual reality interwoven of subjective experiences of sights, sounds, tastes, smells, colors, pain, and pleasure, all rendered by the enigmatic mind. The mind cannot be reduced to physical existence such as the sporadic electrical activity of the brain since no electrical activity has ever produced such cohesive subjective experience, the same way that the laws of physics cannot be reduced to matter and energy that comprise the physical existence.

Conclusion:
Unlike properties, agencies differ from emergent quantities in that agencies more than passively qualify matter; they actively control and rule matter. Agencies are characterized by causal power, and thus the capacity to cause changes. Several agencies can be identified in nature. The agency of physics is associated with the physical realm and is comprised of the universal laws and forces of physics. Life qualifies as a purposive agency which is comprised of the laws and influences of life. Even quantum fields act like virtual mechanisms and thus qualify as active agents associated with the production of the fundamental particles of physics with a fixed set of properties out of quanta of energy.
Investigation of the Effect of Anxiety Disorder on Time Perception with Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory
Authors: San Huseyin Oguzhan , Tarlaci Sultan , Ulucan Korkut , Polat Tolga , Yilmaz Ozlem Ozge , Aslan Beste Tacal 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Linguists first coined the term anxiety in the 1600s to define a state of severe restlessness and worry. When we look at the Turkish dictionaries and printed sources, we see that the definition of anxiety is made simply as anxiety, fear, and worry. Anxiety; which we can describe as a mental and physical reaction, a defense strategy, against an event or fear. It will threaten the survival of the life; it is seen in two ways as situational anxiety and trait anxiety. Situational anxiety, as the name suggests, arises when faced with a threat or stress factor, while trait anxiety is an anxiety that occurs internally, independent of the event or situation.

Aims and Objectives:
For the continuity of one's cognitive and behavioral abilities, not only anxiety but also the perception of time has a great place in the continuity of life. The findings that help us understand one's time perspective are internal clock models and related mechanisms. This study aims to investigate the effect of anxiety on time perspective.

Materials and Methods:
To this end, the Beck Anxiety Scale, the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, and the demographic information form were used to collect data. Data were collected from a total of 168 participants, 44 females and 124 males.

Results and Conclusion:
When the findings are evaluated in general terms, there was a moderately negative relationship between anxiety and past positive perspective and a moderately positive relationship between past negative perspective. Based on this result, anxiety prevents a positive perception of the past; on the contrary, it can be said that it causes a negative perception of the past.
Predictors of poor outcome in children with severe malaria at a tertiary health facility in Northern Nigeria
Authors: Lugga Abubakar Sani , Ibrahim Olayinka Rasheed , Ibrahim Nuraddeen , Ajide Olumide B. , Abubakar Ashurah Armayau , Aladesua Olajide , Bashir Mohammed , Nasir Fatima F. , Ibrahim Amina O. , Yekinni Sakiru Abiodun , Ibrahim Lawal Magaji , Suleiman Bello M. , Ibrahim Muutassim 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Malaria is a major cause of mortality among children.

Objective:
This study determines the clinical profile, outcome (discharge and death), and factors associated with poor outcome in children with severe malaria in a tertiary health facility in Northern Nigeria.

Methods:
We conducted a descriptive retrospective study of all children (≤14 years) admitted with severe malaria based on positive malaria parasite on thick film and or rapid diagnostic test and the World Health Organization guideline for severe malaria. We extracted relevant data from patients’ case files and departmental records and analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows, version 20.0. (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY).

Results:
A total of 483 children with severe malaria were admitted with median age interquartile range of 4.0 (2.5–8.0) years. Males were 261 (54.0%). Underfives were 258 (53.4%). Common forms of presentation were cerebral malaria 169 (35.0%), prostration (102; 21.1%), and multiple convulsion (86; 17.8%). Cerebral malaria and prostration were significantly higher among children aged 5 years and older. The mortality rate was 4.3% (21). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that impaired consciousness (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 8.5, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.345, 30.484), hypoglycemia (aOR: 21.4, 95% CI: 2.766, 165.410), presence of two or more components (aOR: 4.5, 95% CI: 1.630, 12.522), and duration of hospitalization of 24 h or less (aOR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.621, 12.782) were independent predictors of poor outcome.

Conclusion:
Our study showed that cerebral malaria was the most common form of severe malaria with a significant burden in children above 5 years. The presence of impaired consciousness, hypoglycemia, multiple components, and duration of <24 h on admission were predictive of death.
Kesadaran Akan Keberdosaan Dalam Mazmur 130 dan Relevansinya Dalam Penghayatan Sakramen Tobat Masa Kini
Authors: Kapitan Jufrianus , Boy Mikhael Valens , Senda Siprianus Soleman 
Published: May 2024

Kesadaran akan keberdosaan umat saat ini sangat minim. Hal ini menyebabkan partisipasi mengikuti perayaan sakramen tobat kurang. Tulisan ini adalah sebuah tulisan yang menguraikan tentang pentingnya kesadaran akan kesalahan dan dosa. Kitab mazmur 130 menjadi acuan agar umat dapat memahami pentingnya kesadaran akan dosa dan mendapat pengampunan karena kasih setia Tuhan kepada manusia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah metode kualitatif atau studi pustaka. Dengan menggunakan metode ini, tulisan ini dapat membantu umat beriman untuk menyadari dosa dan pentingnya sakramen tobat dalam hidup untuk memulihkan kembali relasi dengan Tuhan.
Mercancías intensivas en conocimiento
Authors: Caligaris Gastón , Starosta Guido 
Published: May 2024

En las últimas décadas el desarrollo de la microelectrónica y de las llamadas tecnologías de la información y comunicación ha implicado la producción creciente de mercancías intensivas en conocimiento. Este fenómeno ha inducido a varios teóricos marxistas a cuestionar la aplicabilidad de la ley del valor para estas mercancías. Es el caso de los teóricos del enfoque del “capitalismo cognitivo” y, más recientemente, de algunos economistas marxistas. Recogiendo los argumentos presentes en esta literatura, en este artículo buscamos someter a un examen crítico la determinación del contenido y forma del valor de las llamadas mercancías intensivas en conocimiento.
Art and Science of ‘Escape’
Authors: McKenzie Fiona , Seneque Megan 
Published: May 2024

As authors we draw from our experience of hosting two virtual design and imagination labs, where we took a deep dive into the evolution of our economic system with a diverse group, and had a profound collective experience imagining possible alternatives that promote wellbeing and flourishing of people and planet. These labs were convened by the David Suzuki Foundation in Turtle Island/Canada during the pandemic. In each Lab, approximately 60 participants were invited from across government, First Nations communities, civil society, academia, and activism. Both the process of inviting, and the lab design and process, were carefully curated with an intention to bring different world views and perspectives to take a deep dive into re-imagining our economic system. As pracademics and systems change practitioners, we reflect on what is required to make visible the underlying conditions (including worldviews, myths, and metaphors) that keep our current systems in place, and what might be needed to free ourselves to imagine alternatives. We refer to this liberation as ‘escape’ and propose six elements of ‘escape’ for transformation. The process of unlearning and releasing ourselves from unhelpful limiting assumptions and worldviews applies to those ‘facilitating’ these processes of systemic change, as much as it applies to those participating in the labs. This form of collective practice requires constant vigilance, as no single methodology of framework is fit for purpose. We reflect on what this kind of methodological pluralism invites and offers, as we bring together different ways of knowing and different knowledge systems, and re-imagine alternatives that recognise the limitations and impact of our current economic system on people and planet.
Place-based post graduate education case analysis: Experiential learning at the work-place
Authors: Carlos Tria Ma. Felma , Gano Leila R. , Filoteo Justinian , Imingan Eva , Gonzales Mary Jane , Dellosa Leny 
Published: May 2024

This research analyzed three (3) cases in the Institute of Graduate & Professional Studies (IGPS) at Universidad de Manila where place-based education (PBE) was realized at the place of work of post graduate students through experiential learning. In addition, actual experiences of executive scholars who underwent training at the Asian Institute of Management (AIM) under the CHED-AIM program “Global Academic Leadership Program (GALP) for Local Universities and Colleges” (LUC) shared their experiences to give additional enlightenment on the impact of place-based education. Results underline the success impact of PBE to post graduate students’ integration of principles, theories, skills, frameworks, and methodologies learned from the courses of the program and applied in the place of work. Utilization of the PBE learning approach has proven to increase the academic achievement of students in their post-graduate studies. Two (2) models were formulated from results, both giving evidence of the
utilization and implementation of graduate students’ own learning to the real-life experiences at the workplace,
in response to and in alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (UNSDG) No. 4 (Quality Education)