bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global burden of type 1 diabetes in adults aged 65 years and older, 1990-2019: population based study
Authors: Yang Kaijie , Yang Xue , Jin Chenye , Ding Shuangning , Liu Tingting , Ma Bing , Sun Hao , Zhang Jing , Li Yongze 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To estimate the burden, trends, and inequalities of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among older adults at global, regional, and national level from 1990 to 2019.

Design
Population based study.

Population

Adults aged ≥65 years from 21 regions and 204 countries and territories (Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2019)

from 1990 to 2019.

Main outcome measures
Primary outcomes were T1DM related age standardised prevalence, mortality, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), and average annual percentage change.

Results

The global age standardised prevalence of T1DM among adults aged ≥65 years increased from 400 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 332 to 476) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 514 (417 to 624) per 100 000 population in 2019, with an average annual trend of 0.86% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.79% to 0.93%); while mortality decreased from 4.74 (95% UI 3.44 to 5.9) per 100 000 population to 3.54 (2.91 to 4.59) per 100 000 population, with an average annual trend of −1.00% (95% CI −1.09% to −0.91%), and age standardised DALYs decreased from 113 (95% UI 89 to 137) per 100 000 population to 103 (85 to 127) per 100 000 population, with an average annual trend of −0.33% (95% CI −0.41% to −0.25%). The most significant decrease in DALYs was observed among those aged <79 years: 65-69 (−0.44% per year (95% CI −0.53% to −0.34%)), 70-74 (−0.34% per year (−0.41% to −0.27%)), and 75-79 years (−0.42% per year (−0.58% to −0.26%)). Mortality fell 13 times faster in countries with a high sociodemographic index versus countries with a low-middle sociodemographic index (−2.17% per year (95% CI −2.31% to −2.02%)
v
−0.16% per year (−0.45% to 0.12%)). While the highest prevalence remained in high income North America, Australasia, and western Europe, the highest DALY rates were found in southern sub-Saharan Africa, Oceania, and the Caribbean. A high fasting plasma glucose level remained the highest risk factor for DALYs among older adults during 1990-2019.

Conclusions
The life expectancy of older people with T1DM has increased since the 1990s along with a considerable decrease in associated mortality and DALYs. T1DM related mortality and DALYs were lower in women aged ≥65 years, those living in regions with a high sociodemographic index, and those aged <79 years. Management of high fasting plasma glucose remains a major challenge for older people with T1DM, and targeted clinical guidelines are needed.
Construction of g-C3N4/SnSe2/H-TiO2 Ternary Heterojunction for High-Performance Photodetectors
Authors: Zhao Xianfeng , Yan Xiaoxu , Shao Xinxin , Li Kangpeng , Sun Minghong , Ji Xinpeng , Lu Huidan , Liu Yongping 
Published: June 2024

Two-dimensional layered materials have been widely used in the field of photodetectors because of their unique photoelectric properties. Among them, the multi-heterojunction based on two-dimensional materials with high carrier separation efficiency is expected to be designed as a high-performance photodetector (PD). This work focuses on the fabrication of g-C3N4/SnSe2/H-TiO2 ternary heterojunctions for photodetectors, obtained by depositing SnSe2 and g-C3N4 nanosheets onto TiO2 nanotube arrays using chemical vapor deposition and impregnation methods, respectively. The formation of the g-C3N4/SnSe2/H-TiO2 ternary heterojunction enhances and broadens absorption in the ultraviolet-visible range. Photoelectrochemical measurements have confirmed that the fabricated g-C3N4/SnSe2/H-TiO2 ternary heterojunction photodetector exhibits remarkable light detection capabilities at 370, 450, and 520 nm, meaning broadband photodetection behavior. Notably, under light illumination of 370 nm wavelength, it demonstrates a high responsivity of 2.742 A W−1, an impressive detectivity of 5.84 × 1010 Jones, an external quantum efficiency of 9.21 × 102 %, and excellent stability. This high performance can be attributed to the effective separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers within the ternary heterojunction, significantly enhancing the photoresponse. The construction of the novel broadband-responsive ternary g-C3N4/SnSe2/TiO2 heterojunction holds promise for driving the future development of wideband, high-performance, and highly integrated photodetectors.
A Common Source 3D FeFET with Disturb Inhibition Program and Erase Method
Authors: Yan Zijin , Zhu Huilong , Huang Weixing , Yang Hong , Wang Qi , Lu Shunshun , Yang Shuai , Li Junjie , Zhou Na , Zhang Yue , Shi Yunfei , Xiang Liang , Liu Wenliang , Wang Binghui , Zhang Yongkui , Li Junfeng , Luo Jun , Ye T. C. 
Published: June 2024

A common source p-type single-crystal channel three-dimensional ferroelectric field-effect transistor (3D FeFET) in a 2 × 2 × 3 array is proposed. Two programming and erasing conditions are introduced. A large memory window (>1.2 V), good retention (>10 years), and high speed (<100 ns) was presented under high voltage (±6 V) conditions. The endurance, >103, was observed under relatively low voltage (±3 V) conditions. Based on these two conditions, a novel asymmetric bias program and erase method is proposed to obtain good disturb inhibition. A more than 0.5 V threshold voltage shift in target cell was achieved while threshold voltage shift in unselected cell was limited, and analysis of long term disturb in novel method is proposed, showing good disturb inhibition. Additional investigation in word line disturbance shows causation and efficiency of disturb. Building upon the proposed structure of the 3D FeFET array, a vector matrix multiplication able to calculate 2-bit weights was designed and demonstrated. This work provides a potential solution for increasing integration density with 3D FeFET array.
A Phase II Study of Potentiation of Pembrolizumab with Binimetinib and Bevacizumab in Refractory Microsatellite-Stable Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lentz Robert W. , Friedrich Tyler J. , Blatchford Patrick J. , Jordan Kimberly R. , Pitts Todd M. , Robinson Hannah R. , Davis S. Lindsey , Kim Sunnie S. , Leal Alexis D. , Lee Mathew R. , Waring Meredith R.N. , Martin Anne C. , Dominguez Adrian T.A. , Bagby Stacey M. , Hartman Sarah J. , Eckhardt S. Gail , Messersmith Wells A. , Lieu Christopher H. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
In this single-institution phase II investigator-initiated study, we assessed the ability of MAPK and VEGF pathway blockade to overcome resistance to immunotherapy in microsatellite-stable metastatic colorectal cancer (MSS mCRC).

Patients and Methods:
Patients with MSS, BRAF wild-type mCRC who progressed on ≥2 prior lines of therapy received pembrolizumab, binimetinib, and bevacizumab until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After a safety run-in, patients were randomized to a 7-day run-in of binimetinib or simultaneous initiation of all study drugs, to explore whether MEK inhibition may increase tumor immunogenicity. The primary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR) in all patients combined (by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors v1.1).

Results:
Fifty patients received study drug treatment; 54% were male with a median age of 55 years (range, 31–79). The primary endpoint, ORR, was 12.0% [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.5%–24.3%], which was not statistically different than the historical control data of 5% (P = 0.038, exceeding prespecified threshold of 0.025). The disease control rate was 70.0% (95% CI, 55.4%–82.1%), the median progression-free survival 5.9 months (95% CI, 4.2–8.7 months), and the median overall survival 9.3 months (95% CI, 6.7–12.2 months). No difference in efficacy was observed between the randomized cohorts. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were observed in 56% and 8% of patients, respectively; the most common were rash (12%) and increased aspartate aminotransferase (12%).

Conclusions:
Pembrolizumab, binimetinib, and bevacizumab failed to meet its primary endpoint of higher ORR compared with historical control data, demonstrated a high disease control rate, and demonstrated acceptable tolerability in refractory MSS mCRC.
An Overlooked Component of the Meridional Overturning Circulation
Authors: Spall Michael A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Upwelling along the western boundary of the major ocean basin subtropical gyres has been diagnosed in a wide range of ocean models and state estimates. This vertical transport is O(5 × 106) m3 s−1, which is on the same order of magnitude as the downward Ekman pumping across the subtropical gyres and zonally integrated meridional overturning circulation. Two approaches are used here to understand the reason for this upwelling and how it depends on oceanic parameters. First, a kinematic model that imposes a density gradient along the western boundary demonstrates that there must be upwelling with a maximum vertical transport at middepths in order to maintain geostrophic balance in the western boundary current. The second approach considers the vorticity budget near the western boundary in an idealized primitive equation model of the wind- and buoyancy-forced subtropical and subpolar gyres. It is shown that a pressure gradient along the western boundary results in bottom pressure torque that injects vorticity into the fluid. This is balanced on the boundary by lateral viscous fluxes that redistribute this vorticity across the boundary current. The viscous fluxes in the interior are balanced primarily by the vertical stretching of planetary vorticity, giving rise to upwelling within the boundary current. This process is found to be nearly adiabatic. Nonlinear terms and advection of planetary vorticity are also important locally but are not the ultimate drivers of the upwelling. Additional numerical model calculations demonstrate that the upwelling is a nonlocal consequence of buoyancy loss at high latitudes and thus represents an integral component of the meridional overturning circulation in depth space but not in density space.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study is to better understand what is forcing water to upwell along the western boundary at midlatitudes of the major ocean basins. This is a potentially important process since upwelling can bring heat and nutrients closer to the surface, where they can be exchanged with the atmosphere. Also, since ocean currents vary with depth, pathways followed in the upper ocean are different from those found for the deeper ocean, so the amount and location of upwelling influence where these waters go. Idealized numerical models and theory are used to demonstrate that the upwelling is ultimately driven by density changes along the western boundary of the basin that result from heat loss at high latitudes.
A Novel Framework for Internal Responses to Detection of Pathogens in Wastewater by Public Health Agencies
Authors: Sheth Komal , Domakonda Kaavya , Short Kirstin , Stadler Lauren , Ensor Katherine B. , Johnson Catherine D. , Williams Stephen L. , Persse David , Hopkins Loren 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To build on the success of wastewater surveillance during the COVID-19 pandemic, jurisdictions funded under the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Wastewater Surveillance System are looking to expand their wastewater programs to detect more pathogens. However, many public health agencies do not know how to use the collected wastewater data to formulate public health responses, underscoring a need for guidance. To address this knowledge gap, the Houston Health Department (HHD) developed a novel response framework that outlines an internal action plan that is tailored by pathogen type after detection of various pathogens in wastewater. Materials and Methods: In July 2023, HHD met with subject matter experts (eg, bureau chiefs, program managers) in internal departments, including epidemiology, immunization, and health education, to discuss the general outline of the response framework and each department’s anticipated role after pathogen detection. Results: The internal framework established a flow for notifications and the actions to be taken by departments in HHD, with the goals of (1) ensuring timely and efficient responses to pathogen detections, (2) creating accountability within departments for taking their assigned actions, and (3) making certain that HHD was prepared for intervention implementation when a new pathogen was detected. Practice Implications: As more public health agencies expand their wastewater surveillance programs to target additional pathogens, development of internal action plans tailored to departmental capacity and programs is an important step for public health agencies. The information compiled in this response framework can be a model for other public health agencies to adopt when expanding the scope of their wastewater monitoring systems.
Associations of Symptoms of ADHD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) in Adolescence With Occupational Outcomes and Incomes in Adulthood
Authors: Seppä Sampo , Huikari Sanna , Korhonen Marko , Nordström Tanja , Hurtig Tuula , Halt Anu-Helmi 
Published: June 2024

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the associations of ADHD and ODD symptoms in adolescence with occupational outcomes and incomes in adulthood within the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (NFBC1986). Method: ADHD symptoms were evaluated at ages 15 to 16 years using the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD symptoms and Normal Behaviors (SWAN) scale. ODD symptoms were assessed using a 7-point scale, like the SWAN assessment. Results: Symptoms of ADHD and ADHD + ODD were associated with elevated rates of unemployment, increased sick days, and lower annual incomes compared to controls for both sexes. Symptoms of ODD were associated with higher unemployment and more sick days for males, although these associations did not reach statistical significance in their association with annual incomes. Conclusion: Symptoms of ADHD were associated with adverse occupational outcomes and lower incomes. Furthermore, symptoms of ODD were associated with occupational outcomes but not with incomes.
A Novel Endoscopic Approach for Treating Breast Cancer: Haigui-1 Hole
Authors: Fan Pingming , Lyu Pengfei , Gao Fangfang , Li Jingtai , Wei Changyuan , Du Guankui 
Published: June 2024

Objective Endoscopic surgery is an effective technique for preserving the nipple and areola, as well as for sentinel lymph node biopsy and breast implant reconstruction. However, the technical challenges associated with endoscopic surgery have limited its widespread adoption. Methods In the normal single-port endoscopic surgery, the ultrasonic knife was accessed through the retractor. In our modified procedure, a tiny 5 mm incision was made at the lateral margin underneath the breast, serving as the second entry port for the ultrasonic scalpel, which was referred to as the “Haigui-1 hole”. Preoperative and postoperative indicators such as blood loss, operative time, and postoperative drainage volume were collected. Differences between parameters were compared using Student’s t test. Results Endoscopic surgery with the assistance of the “Haigui-1 hole” led to preserved breast aesthetics with minimal scarring. Moreover, “Haigui-1 hole” surgery significantly reduced the operation time, intraoperative bleeding, and postoperative drainage volume compared to normal single-port endoscopic surgery. Conclusion The “Haigui-1 hole” procedure, which involves the addition of a second entrance to improve the maneuverability of the ultrasonic knife, is worthy of further promotion.
Wearable biosensors for human health: A bibliometric analysis from 2007 to 2022
Authors: Muñoz-Urtubia Nicolás , Vega-Muñoz Alejandro , Estrada-Muñoz Carla , Salazar-Sepúlveda Guido , Contreras-Barraza Nicolás , Salinas-Martínez Nicolás , Méndez-Celis Paula , Carmelo-Adsuar José 
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aimed to determine the status of scientific production on biosensor usage for human health monitoring. Methods We used bibliometrics based on the data and metadata retrieved from the Web of Science between 2007 and 2022. Articles unrelated to health and medicine were excluded. The databases were processed using the VOSviewer software and auxiliary spreadsheets. Data extraction yielded 275 articles published in 161 journals, mainly concentrated on 13 journals and 881 keywords plus. Results The keywords plus of high occurrences were estimated at 27, with seven to 30 occurrences. From the 1595 identified authors, 125 were consistently connected in the coauthorship network in the total set and were grouped into nine clusters. Using Lotka's law, we identified 24 prolific authors, and Hirsch index analysis revealed that 45 articles were cited more than 45 times. Crosses were identified between 17 articles in the Hirsch index and 17 prolific authors, highlighting the presence of a large set of prolific authors from various interconnected clusters, a triad, and a solitary prolific author. Conclusion An exponential trend was observed in biosensor research for health monitoring, identifying areas of innovation, collaboration, and technological challenges that can guide future research on this topic.
Autistic pupils’ experiences in primary and post-primary schools: A scoping review and consultation with autistic pupils in Ireland
Authors: Lynam Aoife , Sweeney Mary Rose , Keenan Lisa , McNally Sinéad 
Published: June 2024

Background and aims Autistic pupils have the right to be heard in matters concerning their education and to be active agents in shaping their school experiences. Despite this, educational policies and research have rarely included the voices of autistic children, failing to identify what they consider to be beneficial and meaningful in their own education. This study aimed to (i) summarise existing literature exploring autistic pupils’ experiences at school from their own perspectives and (ii) identify gaps for future research through a consultation with autistic pupils. Methods A scoping review was conducted to identify studies exploring first-person accounts of autistic pupils’ school experiences (primary and secondary; aged 4–18 years) published between 2005 and 2023. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify overarching thematic categories across the included studies. Review findings were discussed through a consultation with a Child and Youth Advisory Group (CYAG) comprised of autistic pupils in Ireland ( N = 3), to seek feedback and inform a future research agenda. Main contribution Thirty-six studies were included in the review and six themes were identified: Experiences of feeling misunderstood, of bullying and masking, of feeling excluded, of anxiety, of sensory needs in school, and of being overwhelmed during transitions. Consultation with the CYAG highlighted that these six themes were consistent with autistic pupils’ experiences but that reports of positive experiences were missing in the literature. Conclusions This study identified several gaps in the literature on the school experiences of autistic pupils, based on both the scoping review and consultation with the CYAG. While the CYAG validated the themes identified in existing literature, there is a need for greater diversity in the samples included and increased focus on the potential positive aspects of the school experience. Implications. These findings have important research implications. In particular, further studies are needed with autistic pupils at primary school level, including those who are minimally or non-speaking, as well as ensuring pupils with positive school experiences are also represented. Findings also highlight the need for continued collaboration with autistic pupils themselves in matters concerning their education.
Genomic analyses of withers height and linear conformation traits in German Warmblood horses using imputed sequence-level genotypes
Authors: Reich Paula , Möller Sandra , Stock Kathrin F. , Nolte Wietje , von Depka Prondzinski Mario , Reents Reinhard , Kalm Ernst , Kühn Christa , Thaller Georg , Falker-Gieske Clemens , Tetens Jens 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Body conformation, including withers height, is a major selection criterion in horse breeding and is associated with other important traits, such as health and performance. However, little is known about the genomic background of equine conformation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to use imputed sequence-level genotypes from up to 4891 German Warmblood horses to identify genomic regions associated with withers height and linear conformation traits. Furthermore, the traits were genetically characterised and putative causal variants for withers height were detected.

Results
A genome-wide association study (GWAS) for withers height confirmed the presence of a previously known quantitative trait locus (QTL) on Equus caballus (ECA) chromosome 3 close to the LCORL/NCAPG locus, which explained 16% of the phenotypic variance for withers height. An additional significant association signal was detected on ECA1. Further investigations of the region on ECA3 identified a few promising candidate causal variants for withers height, including a nonsense mutation in the coding sequence of the LCORL gene. The estimated heritability for withers height was 0.53 and ranged from 0 to 0.34 for the conformation traits. GWAS identified significantly associated variants for more than half of the investigated conformation traits, among which 13 showed a peak on ECA3 in the same region as withers height. Genetic parameter estimation revealed high genetic correlations between these traits and withers height for the QTL on ECA3.

Conclusions
The use of imputed sequence-level genotypes from a large study cohort led to the discovery of novel QTL associated with conformation traits in German Warmblood horses. The results indicate the high relevance of the QTL on ECA3 for various conformation traits, including withers height, and contribute to deciphering causal mutations for body size in horses.
Revealing critical mechanisms in determining sorghum resistance to drought and salt using mRNA, small RNA and degradome sequencing
Authors: Li Qiong , Wang Jibin , Liu Qian , Zhang Junhan , Zhu Xinlei , Hua Yinpeng , Zhou Ting , Yan Songxian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Plant growth and development are severely threatened by drought and salt stresses. Compared with structural genes, transcription factors (TFs) play more pivotal roles in plant growth and stress adaptation. However, the underlying mechanisms of sorghum adapting to drought and salt are insufficient, and systematic analysis of TFs in response to the above stresses is lacking.

Results
In this study, TFs were identified in sorghum and model plants (Arabidopsis thaliana and rice), and gene number and conserved domain were compared between sorghum and model plants. According to syntenic analysis, the expansion of sorghum and rice TFs may be due to whole-genome duplications. Between sorghum and model plants TFs, specific conserved domains were identified and they may be related to functional diversification of TFs. Forty-five key genes in sorghum, including four TFs, were likely responsible for drought adaption based on differently expression analysis. MiR5072 and its target gene (Sobic.001G449600) may refer to the determination of sorghum drought resistance according to small RNA and degradome analysis. Six genes were associated with drought adaptation of sorghum based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Similarly, the core genes in response to salt were also characterized using the above methods. Finally, 15 candidate genes, particularly two TFs (Sobic.004G300300, HD-ZIP; Sobic.003G244100, bZIP), involved in combined drought and salt resistance of sorghum were identified.

Conclusions
In summary, the findings in this study help clarify the molecular mechanisms of sorghum responding to drought and salt. We identified candidate genes and provide important genetic resource for potential development of drought-tolerant and salt-tolerant sorghum plants.