bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Constrained watershed method to infer morphology of mammalian cells in microscopic images
Authors: Kachouie Nezamoddin N. , Fieguth Paul , Gamble Darik , Jervis Eric , Ezziane Zoheir , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPrecise information about the size, shape, temporal dynamics, and spatial distribution of cells is beneficial for the understanding of cell behavior and may play a key role in drug development, regenerative medicine, and disease research. The traditional method of manual observation and measurement of cells from microscopic images is tedious, expensive, and time consuming. Thus, automated methods are in high demand, especially given the increasing quantity of cell data being collected. In this article, an automated method to measure cell morphology from microscopic images is proposed to outline the boundaries of individual hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The proposed method outlines the cell regions using a constrained watershed method which is derived as an inverse problem. The experimental results generated by applying the proposed method to different HSC image sequences showed robust performance to detect and segment individual and dividing cells. The performance of the proposed method for individual cell segmentation for single frame high‐resolution images was more than 97%, and decreased slightly to 90% for low‐resolution multiframe stitched images. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
An adaptable two‐color flow cytometric assay to quantitate the invasion of erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum parasites
Authors: Theron Michel , Hesketh Richard L. , Subramanian Sathish , Rayner Julian C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPlasmodium falciparum genotyping has recently undergone a revolution, and genome‐wide genotype datasets are now being collected for large numbers of parasite isolates. By contrast, phenotyping technologies have lagged behind, with few high throughput phenotyping platforms available. Invasion of human erythrocytes by Plasmodium falciparum is a phenotype of particular interest because of its central role in parasite development. Invasion is a variable phenotype influenced by natural genetic variation in both the parasite and host and is governed by multiple overlapping and in some instances redundant parasite–erythrocyte interactions. To facilitate the scale‐up of erythrocyte invasion phenotyping, we have developed a novel platform based on two‐color flow cytometry that distinguishes parasite invasion from parasite growth. Target cells that had one or more receptors removed using enzymatic treatment were prelabeled with intracellular dyes CFDA‐SE or DDAO‐SE, incubated with P. falciparum parasites, and parasites that had invaded either labeled or unlabeled cells were detected with fluorescent DNA‐intercalating dyes Hoechst 33342 or SYBR Green I. Neither cell label interfered with erythrocyte invasion, and the combination of cell and parasite dyes recapitulated known invasion phenotypes for three standard laboratory strains. Three different dye combinations with minimal overlap have been validated, meaning the same assay can be adapted to instruments harboring several different combinations of laser lines. The assay is sensitive, operates in a 96‐well format, and can be used to quantitate the impact of natural or experimental genetic variation on erythrocyte invasion efficiency. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
A flow‐cytometric method for continuous measurement of intracellular Ca2+ concentration
Authors: Vines Alice , McBean Gethin J. , Blanco‐Fernández Alfonso 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAlterations in intracellular Ca2+ concentration are amongst the most rapid responses to a variety of stimuli in mammalian cells. In the nervous system in particular, responses occur within nanoseconds. A major challenge in intracellular Ca2+ analysis is to achieve measurements within this very fast time frame. To date, the dynamic intracellular Ca2+ concentration has been monitored by confocal microscopy, plate‐based assays, spectrofluorometry, and flow cytometry, although there are issues with the number of cells analyzed or gaps in recording due to the addition of compounds, with significant loss of detail of a rapid Ca2+ response. The new generation of flow cytometers (such as Accuri C6) resolves this problem by allowing the addition of test compounds with continuous monitoring of thousands of cells, providing a method for dynamic Ca2+ measurements. This system was tested with commonly used Ca2+ modulating agents in C6 glioma cells. Thapsigargin (TG), a blocker of Ca2+ uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), causes a significant increase in the intracellular calcium concentration via ER emptying followed by Ca2+ entry via store‐operated Ca2+ channels (SOCC). This well‐established pathway can be partially inhibited by 2‐aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2‐APB), a blocker of SOCC. Both the increase with TG alone and the partial increase when coincubated with 2‐APB were observed with continuous recording along with calibration curves using an Accuri C6 flow cytometer. With these new cytometers, dynamic Ca2+ concentration measurement becomes extremely accessible and accurate, while also providing extensive and valuable data regarding population health and responsiveness. © 2010 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Differentiating purging and nonpurging bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
Authors: Núñez‐Navarro Araceli , Jiménez‐Murcia Susana , Álvarez‐Moya Eva , Villarejo Cynthia , Díaz Isabel Sanchez , Augmantell Cristina Masuet , Granero Roser , Penelo Eva , Krug Isabel , Tinahones Francisco J. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Fernández‐Aranda Fernando 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo explore similarities and differences in clinical and personality variables across three groups: binge eating disorder (BED), bulimia nervosa‐purging type (BN‐P), and bulimia nervosa‐non purging type (BN‐NP).MethodThe participants were 102 female eating disorders patients (34 BED, 34 BN‐P, and 34 BN‐NP) consecutively admitted to the eating disorders unit, at the University Hospital of Bellvitge, and diagnosed according to DSM‐IV criteria.ResultsBED patients were older, and more likely to have personal and family history of obesity. A gradient in psychopathological scores emerged with BN‐P patients having higher pathological scores on the SCL‐90‐R, followed by BN‐NP and BED patients. No statistically significant differences were observed in personality traits.DiscussionOur data supported that eating disorders (namely BED, BN‐NP, and BN‐P) followed a linear trend in general psychopathology. Whereas personality may represent a shared vulnerability factor, differences in clinical severity suggest there to be a continuum with BN‐P being the most severe and BED being the least severe. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2011
Long‐term outcome of pediatric eating pathology and predictors for the onset of loss of control over eating following weight‐loss treatment
Authors: Goossens Lien , Braet Caroline , Verbeken Sandra , Decaluwé Veerle , Bosmans Guy 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the stability of eating pathology over a 6‐year period and predictors for the onset of loss of control (LC) over eating among overweight youngsters having undergone weight‐loss treatment.MethodStructured clinical interviews and self‐report questionnaires were administered to a sample of 56 overweight youngsters (M age = 13 years) who were at the start of weight‐loss treatment in 2000 and again 6 years later.ResultsMean levels of eating concerns, drive for thinness, bulimic symptoms, and body dissatisfaction decreased over the 6‐year period. Dietary restraint, weight, and shape concerns were stable over time. Also, in 50% of those reporting objective binge eating at baseline, binge‐eating episodes remained stable. Youngsters characterized by symptoms of depression in early adolescence were at a higher risk for developing new episodes of LC 6 years later. Neither concerns about eating, shape, and weight nor dietary restraint independently predicted LC.DiscussionSix years after following structured weight‐loss treatment, some eating pathology variables still remain stable. Especially youngsters who already report LC at young ages appear to develop a more stable pattern of disordered eating behavior. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Slit effect of common ground patterns in affecting crosstalk noise between two parallel signal traces on printed circuit boards
Authors: Maeno Tsuyoshi , Sakurai Yukihiko , Unou Takanori , Ichikawa Kouji , Fujiwara Osamu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt is well known that electromagnetic (EM) disturbances in vehicle‐mounted radios are mainly caused by conducted noise currents flowing through wiring harnesses from vehicle‐mounted printed circuit boards (PCBs) having common ground patterns with slits. To evaluate the noise current outflows from PCBs of this kind, we previously measured noise current outflows from four types of simple three‐layer PCBs having two perpendicular signal traces and different ground patterns with or without slits, and showed that slits on a ground pattern allow conducted noise currents to flow out from PCBs, while the levels for the symmetric slit ground type are smaller than in the case of two asymmetric slit ground types. In the present study, to further investigate the above finding, we fabricated six types of simple two‐layer PCBs having two parallel signal traces and different ground patterns with and without slits, and measured the crosstalk noise between the traces. We found that the ground patterns with the slits perpendicular to the traces increased the crosstalk noise levels, which were 19 to 42 dB larger than those for the ground pattern with no slits, while the ground patterns with the slits parallel to the traces were able to reduce the noise levels, which were slightly smaller (by 2.5 to 4.5 dB) than in the case of the no‐slit ground pattern. These results were confirmed by FDTD simulation, and were also qualitatively explained by means of an equivalent bridge circuit model that we previously proposed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(10): 19–24, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10287
Basic research on a consecutive educational system including design, trial fabrication, and evaluation of integrated crcuits
Authors: Kataoka Hiroyuki , Yamada Akihiro , Kamizono Hiroki , Ando Hideyuki , Tanaka Takeshi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractProgress in integrated‐circuit technology in recent years has led to a significant increase in the performance of system large‐scale integrated circuits (LSI). However, since a long time is required in order to learn the aspects of system LSI, such as design, trial fabrication, and device evaluation, it is difficult for company employees and students to learn system LSI technology. Basic research on a consecutive educational system consisting of the design, trial fabrication, and evaluation of an integrated circuits (IC) system is described. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(10): 12–18, 2010; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10290 5
Purification of low‐concentration phenazine‐1‐carboxylic acid from fermentation broth of Pseudomonas sp. M18 via free flow electrophoresis with gratis gravity
Authors: Shao Jing , Fan Liu‐Yin , Zhang Wei , Guo Chen‐Gang , Li Si , Xu Yu‐Quan , Cao Cheng‐Xi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe low‐concentration phenazine‐1‐carboxylic acid (PCA) (=0.3 mM) extracted from fermentation broth of Pseudomonas sp. M18 was selected to be purified with a newly facile free flow electrophoresis (FFE) device with gratis gravity. Three factors of pH value and concentration of background buffer, and the cooling circle of FFE device were investigated for the purification of PCA in the FFE device. It was found that the pH value and concentration of background buffer had mild influences on the separation of PCA whether with cooling circle or not. However, the cooling circle had a much greater impact on the separation of PCA. The controlling of the band zone of PCA in FFE chamber would be difficult if without cooling circle, while the controlling would become easy if with cooling circle. Under the optimal conditions (10 mM pH 5.5 phosphate as background buffer, 30 mM pH 5.5 phosphate buffer as electrode solution, 5.46 mL/min background flux, 10 min residence time of injected sample, and 500 V), PCA could be continuously prepared from its impurities with relative high purity. The flux of sample injection was 115 μL/min, viz. 7 mL sample throughput per hour, and the recovery was up to 85%. All of the experiments indicated that the FFE technique was a good alternative tool for the study on natural biological control agents.
The rat gut micronucleus assay: A good choice for alternative in vivo genetic toxicology testing strategies
Authors: Coffing Stephanie , Engel Maria , Dickinson Donna , Thiffeault Catherine , Spellman Richard , Shutsky Thomas , Schuler Maik 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe in vivo bone marrow (BM) micronucleus assay is one of the three tests in the standard test battery to assess the genotoxic potential of a pharmaceutical candidate. In some cases, depending on results of in vitro studies, the route of administration or the degree of systemic exposure, in vivo assessment of genotoxicity in the BM alone may not be sufficient. Based on the potential for high gut exposures to orally administered compounds with low systemic exposures as well as the potential susceptibility of rapidly dividing cells of the intestinal tissues, we have developed a modified technique for evaluating micronuclei formation in both the duodenum and colon of rats based on earlier publications. Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were treated once daily for 2 days with either vehicle control or with the test articles acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), carbendazim (CAR), cyclophosphamide (CP), dimethylhydrazine (DMH), mitomycin C (MMC) or vinblastine sulfate (VIN). The duodenum, colon, and BM were harvested, processed, and analyzed for micronucleus induction. Results from these studies demonstrated differences in the susceptibility for different test compounds in the three tissues tested. When MMC and VIN were dosed by different routes at the same dose levels both compounds produced positive results in all three tissues by intraperitoneal injection but not oral administration. These studies suggest that overall the GI micronucleus assay might be a useful tool for clastogenic and aneugenic compounds that are expected to produce high sustained concentrations in the gastrointestinal tract with little systemic exposure. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Miniaturized flow cytometry‐based CHO‐K1 micronucleus assay discriminates aneugenic and clastogenic modes of action
Authors: Bryce Steven M. , Avlasevich Svetlana L. , Bemis Jeffrey C. , Dertinger Stephen D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA well recognized advantage of the in vitro micronucleus assay is its ability to detect both aneugens and clastogens. This laboratory has previously described a flow cytometric approach for scoring in vitro micronuclei (MN) (Avlasevich et al. [2006]: Environ Mol Mutagen 47:56–66). More recently, based on work with Chinese hamster cells, evidence has accumulated that the multiparametric data acquired by the flow cytometric process is capable of discriminating between aneugenic and clastogenic modes of action (MOA). That is, in the case of CHO‐K1 cells, clastogens are observed to induce MN with minimal effects on the incidence of hypodiploid nuclei or the median size of MN (i.e., fluorescence intensity), whereas aneugens are observed to affect all three parameters. To systematically test whether these “signatures” are indeed reliable indicators of genotoxic MOA, CHO‐K1 cells were treated with eight prototypical clastogens, eight aneugens, and 15 nongenotoxicants. Exposure was continuous (18–24 hrs) with harvest occurring immediately thereafter. Treatment and all subsequent processing and analysis steps occurred in the same 96‐well plate, making this an efficient, miniaturized assay. The resulting flow cytometric MN data correlated well with expected in vitro cytogenetics: sensitivity = 16/16, specificity = 14/15. In addition, MOA signatures were identified that classified each of the 16 genotoxicants correctly as clastogenic or aneugenic. Taken together, these data indicate that flow cytometry represents an analytical platform that is capable of rapidly and objectively acquiring MN counts while simultaneously providing information on genotoxic MOA. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Divergent effects of oxidatively induced modification to the C8 of 2′‐deoxyadenosine on transcription factor binding: 8,5′(S)‐cyclo‐2′‐deoxyadenosine inhibits the binding of multiple sequence specific transcription factors, while 8‐oxo‐2′‐deoxyadenosine increases binding of CREB and NF‐kappa B to DNA
Authors: Abraham Jessy , Brooks Philip J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDNA is exposed to endogenous and environmental factors that can form stable lesions. If not repaired, these lesions can lead to transcription/replication blocking or mutagenic bypass. Our previous work has focused on 8,5′‐cyclopurine 2′‐deoxyribonucleosides, a unique class of oxidatively induced DNA lesions that are specifically repaired by the NER pathway (see Brooks PJ [2008]: DNA Repair 7:1168–1179). Here we used EMSA to monitor the ability of sequence‐specific transcription factors, HSF1, CREB, and NF‐kappaB and “architectural” transcription factor, HMGA, to bind to their target sequences when 8, 5′(S)‐cyclo‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (cyclo‐dAdo) is present within their recognition sequences. For comparison, we also tested the effect of 8‐oxo‐7,8‐dihydro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (8‐oxo‐dAdo) in the same recognition sequences. The presence of a cyclo‐dAdo lesion in the target sequence essentially eliminated the binding activity of HSF1, CREB, and NF‐kappa B whereas HMGA retained some of its binding activity. In contrast, 8‐oxo‐dAdo had no obvious effect on the binding activity of HSF1 and HMGA in comparison to lesion‐free DNA. Notably, though, CREB and NFκB binding increased when an 8‐oxo‐dAdo lesion was present in their target sequence. Competition EMSA showed about 2–3‐fold increased affinity of both proteins for the 8‐oxo‐dAdo containing target sequence compared to lesion‐free DNA. Molecular modeling of the lesions in the NF‐kappaB sequence indicated that 8‐oxo‐dAdo may form an additional hydrogen bond with the protein, thereby strengthening the binding of NF‐kappa B to its DNA target. The cyclo‐dAdo lesion, in contrast, distorted the DNA structure, providing an explanation for the inhibition of NF‐kappaB binding. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Possible structural and functional determinants contributing to the clastogenicity of pharmaceuticals
Authors: Snyder Ronald D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe battery of regulatory genotoxicity studies required in support of new drug registration has remained largely static since its inception some thirty years ago. The Ames mutagenicity assay still forms the foundation for this testing being highly reproducible and, for the most part, transparent. The same is not necessarily true of in vitro mammalian chromosome aberration assays since there is a fairly large and growing number of molecules without clear structural genotoxicity alerts (DEREK, MCASE), which are negative in Ames testing but positive in aberration studies, often only at high concentrations and/or cytotoxicity. Interpretation and risk assessment of these positive results can be problematic since there is no clear understanding of the process that generates them. The present paper builds on our previous observations suggesting that non covalent drug/DNA interactions, which are not adequately modeled in computational programs, may help explain some of these unexpected positive results. In particular, it is suggested that N‐dimethyl groups and certain pyridine/piperidine aryl ketones may play a contributory role in genotoxicity, perhaps via DNA intercalation and topoisomerase inhibition. Clastogenicity arising from topoisomerase inhibition would be expected to be a threshold phenomenon and, as such, may carry a distinctly reduced risk relative to clastogenicity associated with covalent drug/DNA interactions. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physical‐chemical and microbiological characterization, and mutagenic activity of airborne PM sampled in a biomass‐fueled electrical production facility
Authors: Cohn Corey A. , Lemieux Christine L. , Long Alexandra S. , Kystol Jørgen , Vogel Ulla , White Paul A. , Madsen Anne Mette 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBiomass combustion is used in heating and electric power generation in many areas of the world. Airborne particulate matter (PM) is released when biomass is brought to a facility, stored, and combusted. Occupational exposure to airborne PM within biomass‐fueled facilities may lead to health problems. In March and August of 2006, airborne PM was collected from a biomass‐fueled facility located in Denmark. In addition, source‐specific PM was generated from straw and wood pellets using a rotating drum. The PM was analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), metals, microbial components, mutagenic activity, and ability to generate highly reactive oxygen species (hROS) in cell‐free aqueous suspensions. PM collected from the boiler room and the biomass storage hall had higher levels of mutagenic activity, PAHs and metals, and a higher hROS generating potential than the source specific PM. The mutagenic activity was generally more potent without S9 activation, and on the metabolically enhanced strain YG1041, relative to TA98. Significant correlations were found between mutagenicity on YG1041 (without S9) and PAH concentration and mutagenicity on YG1041 (with S9) and hROS generating ability. PM collected in March was more toxic than PM collected in August. Overall, airborne PM collected from the facility, especially that from the boiler room, were more toxic than PM generated from straw and wood chips. The results suggest that exposure to combustion PM in a biomass‐fueled facility, which likely includes PM from biomass combustion as well as internal combustion vehicles, may contribute to an elevated risk of adverse health effects. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.