bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“A part of who I Am:” a phenomenological study of emerging adult leader identity through family storytelling
Authors: McCain Kate , Matkin Gina 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this phenomenological study is to explore leader identity development experiences of emerging adults at a large Midwest university and how retrospective family storytelling (Koenig Kellas, 2018) plays a role in the sense-making of the leader identity process. Through a unique, three-phase qualitative and narrative inquiry approach, this research further explores LID sense-making through retrospective family storytelling.Design/methodology/approachQualitative phenomenology and narrative inquiry approach. Data collection consisted of three different data sets: (a) two semi-structured interviews, (b) leader artifacts and (c) journals.FindingsThe stories told by the emerging adults described how key messages influenced their identity within the context of leader identity development and their college experiences. Furthermore, a key finding in the narratives exhibited the stories emerging adults recalled in the sense-making of their leader identity centered on persevering, overcoming hardships and interpersonal connections and relationships. Findings from this research contribute to LID literature for leadership educators, researchers and practitioners in leader development.Originality/valueThe research presented in this article advances LID by using a narrative approach to explore the role of family narratives in identity development. Further, it approaches qualitative work with rigorous data collection and analysis processing using a cross-case analysis to develop leader identity archetypes. This study directly impacts those who work with emerging adult college students and supports the development of college student leaders.
The effect of ChatGPT on EFL students' social and emotional learning
Authors: Bin-Hady Wagdi Rashad Ali , Ali Jamal Kaid Mohammed , Al-humari Mustafa Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

PurposeChat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) has become everyone’s talk. It frightens many professionals, who worry about losing their jobs. ChatGPT may reconstruct some professions; some occupations may vanish while new ones may appear.Design/methodology/approachThis mixed-methods study explores whether and how the use of ChatGPT impacts English is taught as a foreign language (EFL) students' social and emotional learning (SEL). The study used a questionnaire and collected perception data from 57 EFL students. A discussion with seven EFL professors was also formulated to triangulate the findings.FindingsResults indicate that EFL students have high positive perceptions of using ChatGPT in their learning (M = 3.87). Results also showed that using ChatGPT has a moderate impact on EFL students' SEL (R = 514). This moderate effect was confirmed by the qualitative findings, which indicated that ChatGPT positively impacts EFL students' SEL by allowing them to practice conversation skills, aiding them in managing their emotional intelligence, providing them with feedback and reducing their anxiety. However, findings also indicated that ChatGPT reduces students' creativity and limits their emotional growth. Finally, the findings reported that for better use of ChatGPT, supervision is key.Originality/valueThis study recommends the use of ChatGPT in a way that helps students' creativity and emotional growth.
Opportunities in promoting teacher ethics in Tanzania’s public primary schools through quality school-based professional development programmes
Authors: Shuma Jubilate Rogathe , Anangisye William A.L. , Kinyota Mjege 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to unveil opportunities for promoting teacher ethics through quality school-based professional development (S-BPD) programmes to improve teachers’ ethical conduct in Tanzanian primary schools.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study uses an institutional ethnography design. The data were collected through interviews, focus group discussion, observation and documentary review. Data analysis was guided by Braun and Clarke’s (2006) framework of thematic analysis.

Findings
Opportunities to promote teacher ethics drew on quality S-BPD programmes. These opportunities include interactions with morally committed teachers, introduction of the civic and moral subject, prevalence of teacher misconduct, ideal school leadership and development and access to affordable technology.

Practical implications
The study provides useful insights into how to reshape teachers’ ethical competences and to link theory and practice in teaching. Moreover, the study suggests school-based solutions to the problem of resource scarcity for teachers to retool their professional competences.

Originality/value
The opportunities revealed are critical for promoting teacher ethics through quality S-BPD programmes in primary schools because teacher ethics is learned. The study offers insights into how to improve teacher ethics in primary schools. It concludes that internalising these opportunities as a whole is vital, as they have the potential to promote teacher ethics in Tanzanian public primary schools.
Feasibility of airway replacement using stented aortic matrices: Bench to TRITON‐01 study
Authors: Wei Shixiong , Zhang Yiyuan , Fang Linan , Fang Lijun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPatients with long‐segment tracheal defects, deemed technically inoperable, constitute a population in critical need of airway replacement. Regardless of the underlying cause—be it benign or malignant processes—this patient category requires either a tracheal transplant or admission to a palliative care facility. Despite over 50 years of exploration in thoracic surgery and regenerative medicine, airway transplantation remains a significant challenge. Various tracheobronchial substitutes, such as synthetic prostheses, bioprostheses, allografts, autografts, and bioengineered conduits, have been experimentally tested, yet none have provided a standardized method for airway replacement. Aortic grafts were suggested by Aortic grafts have been suggested as a biological matrix for extensive airway reconstruction as a biological matrix for extensive airway reconstruction. Cryopreserved aortic allografts, because of their availability in tissue banks and the lack of need for immunosuppressive therapy, were first used in clinical applications. The TRITON‐01 study (NCT04263129) focuses on patients who received airway replacement to determine the routine applicability of this novel approach. The primary objective of this review is to provide information on advancements in the use of aortic allografts as tracheal replacements.
Growth hormone‐releasing hormone deficiency confers extended lifespan and metabolic resilience during high‐fat feeding in mid and late life
Authors: Adkins‐Jablonsky Joseph , Lasher Alexander Tate , Patki Amit , Nagarajan Akash , Sun Liou Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGrowth hormone‐releasing hormone‐deficient (GHRH‐KO) mice have previously been characterized by lower body weight, disproportionately high body fat accumulation, preferential metabolism of lipids compared to carbohydrates, improved insulin sensitivity, and an extended lifespan. That these mice are long‐lived and insulin‐sensitive conflicts with the notion that adipose tissue accumulation drives the health detriments associated with obesity (i.e., diabetes), and indicates that GH signaling may be necessary for the development of adverse effects linked to obesity. This prompts investigation into the ultimate effect of diet‐induced obesity on the lifespan of these long‐lived mice. To this end, we initiated high‐fat feeding in mid and late‐life in GHRH‐KO and wild‐type (WT) mice. We carried out extensive lifespan analysis coupled with glucose/insulin tolerance testing and indirect calorimetry to gauge the metabolic effect of high‐fat dietary stress through adulthood on these mice. We show that under high‐fat diet (HFD) conditions, GHRH‐KO mice display extended lifespans relative to WT controls. We also show that GHRH‐KO mice are more insulin‐sensitive and display less dramatic changes in their metabolism relative to WT mice, with GHRH‐KO mice fed HFD displaying respiratory exchange ratios and glucose oxidation rates comparable to control‐diet fed GHRH‐KO mice, while WT mice fed HFD showed significant reductions in these parameters. Our results indicate that GH deficiency protects against the adverse effects of diet‐induced obesity in later life.
Species‐group responses improve our understanding of the effects of community dominants on subordinate species along a grazing gradient
Authors: Bahalkeh Khadijeh , Abedi Mehdi , Dianati Tilaki Ghasem Ali , Michalet Richard 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuestionsPlant communities have been shown to include several functional groups of species that may have contrasting responses to the effects of dominant neighbours, although potentially balancing at the community level. We aimed to assess the potential of species‐group vs community‐level responses of subordinate species to explain variation in the effects of the dominant shrub Artemisia sieberi on understorey species along a grazing intensity gradient in arid steppes of northeast Iran. We also aimed to assess whether species‐group responses help explain variation in community composition.LocationsAn Artemisia steppe community in Golestan National Park (northeast Iran).MethodsWe used the relative interaction index (RII) to quantify the effects of a shrub on the cover of the 12 most frequent subordinate species. We conducted a first principal component analysis (PCA) on species RII followed by cluster analysis to group species depending on their responses to the shrub, and a second PCA on subordinate species composition.ResultsAt the community level, subordinate species showed strong competition at the low grazing level, weak facilitation at the intermediate level and weak competition at the high grazing level; a unimodal pattern with a switch back to competition in extremely disturbed conditions that is inconsistent with ecological theories. However, species‐group analyses showed contrasting subordinate species responses, supporting either the decrease in competition with increasing disturbance scenario or the collapse of facilitation, but never a switch back to competition as predicted by recent facilitation theory along resource gradients. Moreover, these contrasting species‐group responses significantly explained community composition.ConclusionsOur study provides new evidence, along a grazing intensity gradient, that communities include different species groups with contrasting responses to dominant species.
Drug–drug interactions between gender‐affirming hormone therapy and antiretrovirals for treatment/prevention of HIV
Authors: Senneker Tessa 
Published: June 2024

Transgender persons face a greater burden of HIV compared to cisgender counterparts. Concerns around drug–drug interactions (DDIs) have been cited as reasons for lower engagement in HIV care and lower pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among transgender populations. It is therefore imperative for hormone therapy, PrEP and antiretroviral therapy providers to understand the DDI potential between these therapies.Studies of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) PrEP with feminizing hormone therapies (FHTs) show reduced plasma tenofovir concentrations, but intracellular concentrations of tenofovir‐diphosphate are not reduced. Efficacy of PrEP is expected to be maintained despite this interaction. Masculinizing hormone therapies have no effect on tenofovir concentrations but may increase FTC to a nonclinically relevant extent. No interactions between FHT and cabotegravir or tenofovir alafenamide have been demonstrated. Administration of TDF/FTC PrEP has no effect on hormone levels in transmen or transwomen. PrEP is expected to be effective and safe in transpersons and should be provided to high‐risk individuals regardless of gender affirming hormone use.Enzyme inducing/inhibiting antiretroviral therapy may decrease or increase, respectively, the concentrations of FHT and masculinizing hormone therapy. Unboosted integrase inhibitors or enzyme neutral non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors are not expected to affect and are not affected by gender affirming hormones and can be considered in transmen and transwomen. Overlapping toxicities including weight gain, dyslipidaemia, cardiovascular disease and bone density effects should be considered, and antiretroviral modifications can be made to minimize toxicities. Interactions between supportive care medications should be assessed to avoid chelation interactions and hyperkalaemia.
Tropical timber plantations as habitat for ground‐dwelling mammals: A camera‐trapping assessment in Central Panama
Authors: Monteza‐Moreno Claudio M. , Grote Mark N. , Hall Jefferson S. , Jansen Patrick A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractReforestation projects in the tropics often consist of plantations, typically monocultures of non‐native timber species. It has been questioned whether such plantations are suitable as wildlife habitat, but empirical evidence is scarce, especially on plantations embedded on highly disturbed landscapes. Here, we compare species richness and occupancy of ground‐dwelling mammals between five types of plantations within a single area in Central Panama, the narrowest tract of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor. We deployed camera traps at stratified random points and followed a hierarchical modeling approach to compare community composition and occupancy between plantation types. We found a total of 16 ground‐dwelling mammals in the area, most of which were small‐bodied and short‐lived, and the majority of species' occupancy probabilities were below 0.5 at any given plantation. Teak (Tectona grandis) plantations, which covered the largest area in the study, had the lowest estimated richness and occupancy, with occupancy probabilities exceeding 0.5 for just three species. Conversely, plantations of the native Pachira quinata and the non‐native Gmelina arborea, covering an area four and nineteen times smaller than Teak, respectively, had higher richness and occupancy. Occupancy values were intermediate in the Acacia and mixed plantation types. Our findings suggest that plantations embedded in lowland tropical landscapes have limited conservation value for large‐bodied mammals, and are ecologically constrained habitats for small‐ and medium‐sized mammals.
Peripheral cytokine interleukin‐10 alleviates perihematomal edema after intracerebral hemorrhage via interleukin‐10 receptor/JAK1/STAT3 signaling
Authors: Xu Yao , Wang Kaishan , Dai Yalan , Yang Wei , Ru Xufang , Li Wenyan , Feng Hua , Zhu Gang , Hu Qin , Chen Yujie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimsThe extent of perihematomal edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly impacts patient prognosis, and disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) exacerbates perihematomal edema. However, the role of peripheral IL‐10 in mitigating BBB disruption through pathways that link peripheral and central nervous system signals remains poorly understood.MethodsRecombinant IL‐10 was administered to ICH model mice via caudal vein injection, an IL‐10‐inhibiting adeno‐associated virus and an IL‐10 receptor knockout plasmid were delivered intraventricularly, and neurobehavioral deficits, perihematomal edema, BBB disruption, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated.ResultsOur study demonstrated that the peripheral cytokine IL‐10 mitigated BBB breakdown, perihematomal edema, and neurobehavioral deficits after ICH and that IL‐10 deficiency reversed these effects, likely through the IL‐10R/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway.ConclusionsPeripheral IL‐10 has the potential to reduce BBB damage and perihematomal edema following ICH and improve patient prognosis.
Factors associated with sarcopenic obesity in Brazilian adults and older people: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies
Authors: Guimarães Nathalia Sernizon , Reis Marcela Gomes , Tameirão Diego Ribeiro , de Castro Cezar Natália Oiring , Leopoldino Amanda Aparecida Oliveira , Magno Luiz Alexandre Viana 
Published: June 2024

AimSarcopenic obesity (SO) is characterized by the coexistence of the loss of muscle mass and function with excess adipose tissue. Its prevalence has increased concomitantly with population aging, becoming one of the most significant challenges for public health, threatening the quality of life and the physical and mental health of the elderly population.MethodsThis study estimated the prevalence and factors associated with SO among adults and the elderly in Brazil's macro‐regions, utilizing MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and the Virtual Health Library databases. Primary outcomes included SO prevalence overall and by subgroups, with secondary outcomes identifying associated factors.ResultsA systematic review of 33 studies with 10 266 participants up to July 2023 showed a 17% prevalence of SO (95% confidence interval: 13–21%), using a random effects meta‐analysis. The Central‐West region had the highest occurrence (27%). Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (26%) and bioimpedance (6%) were the top diagnostic methods. Protective factors were chronic kidney disease and healthy lifestyles; risk factors included socioeconomic status, functionality, lifestyle, biochemical parameters, and comorbidities such as osteoarthritis and apnea.ConclusionsThe prevalence of SO in Brazil is significant, emerging as a critical public health problem. It is essential to direct attention to changes in prevalence rates in the coming years, given the rising obesity trends and the absolute increase in the elderly population. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 661–674.
Linseed and xanthan gum in algae pasta: textural, sensory and antioxidant characteristics
Authors: Freire Catarina D. , Pinto Filipa R. , Almeida Daniela , Gil Maria M. 
Published: June 2024

SummaryAlgae and field crops can innovate and improve pasta; however, incorporation of high‐fibre materials can weaken the protein‐starch matrix. This study's aim was to verify how ratios of xanthan gum (XG) and linseed flour (LF) would influence physical, sensory attributes and bioactivity of pasta supplemented with algae. Fucus vesiculosus and Chlorella vulgaris were incorporated into durum wheat along with LF or XG. Samples were evaluated for optimal cooking time (OCT), cooking loss, colour variation, texture profile analysis (TPA), sensory evaluation, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. XG increased cooking time and cooking loss. The phenolic content and antioxidant activity were highest in samples with LF. TPA showed texture is influenced by incorporation of algae. Sensory analysis showed that LF‐enriched pasta had better acceptance. Observations in biochemical composition and physical parameters revealed the potential to formulate dry or fresh pasta with a better nutritional content.
Changes in proteolysis and volatile fraction of nitrite‐free Italian‐type salami modified in formulation and processing
Authors: Loffi Cecilia , Cirlini Martina , Cavalca Natascia , Saccani Giovanna , Virgili Roberta , Galaverna Gianni , Tedeschi Tullia 
Published: June 2024

SummaryNitrite in meat products exerts multiple functions in terms of safety and quality, but it has been related to an increased risk of health issues, and alternatives have been investigated. In this study, Italian‐style salamis were prepared with nitrite and ascorbate (CNO2), without nitrite and ascorbate (C0) and without nitrite and with ascorbate, green tea, grape seed and olive extracts (C0A). The products showed specific features in terms of peptides, free amino acids and volatiles, according to the technology applied for their production. The variations in peptides and free amino acids are likely due to process modifications, as the applied temperature and the time needed for pH decrease. Most volatile compounds, whether generated by known biochemical pathways or by ingredients (spices), differed between salami groups. The changes detected in the chemical parameters analysed provide some insights into the impact on product characteristics due to the process changes applied to replace nitrite removal.
The effect of date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties on bioactive compounds, phenolic constituents, fatty acids and element contents of date seed and oils
Authors: Younis Mahmoud , Ahmed Isam Ali Mohamed , Özcan Mehmet Musa , Uslu Nurhan , Karrar Emad 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, the oil amounts, bioactive components, fatty acid profiles and element quantities of the date kernels (Osailah, Rothanh Qassim, Rushudiah, Nabtat‐Ali, Sbakah) were determined. The oil quantities of the date seeds were altered to be between 3.50 (Osailah) and 5.55% (Nabtat‐Ali). The total phenolic quantities of the seeds were assigned to be between 330.83 (Rothanh Qassim) to 365.42 mg GAE/100 g (Osailah) while antioxidant activities of date seeds are assessed to be between 13.89 (Rothanh Qassim) and 38.74% (Nabtat‐Ali). The total flavonoid quantities of the date seeds were displayed to be between 4824.83 (Osailah) and 9133.17 mg/100 g (Sbakah). The (+)‐ Catechin and 1,2‐dihydroxy benzene quantities of the date seeds were established to be between 75.01 (Rothanh Qassim) and 186.02 mg/100 g (Sbakah) to 67.43 (Rothanh Qassim) and 199.89 mg/100 g (Sbakah), respectively. Oleic acid amounts of the seed oils were altered to be between 45.89 (Rothanh Qassim) and 52.55% (Nabtat‐Ali). K, P, S, Ca and Mg were the key minerals of the date seeds. Considering the bioactive components, polyphenol contents, fatty acid composition and mineral content of date kernels, it is thought that date kernel powders can be added to some foods as a food supplement.
Welfare state contract and family solidarity: Do informal carers prefer more welfare state support?
Authors: Willems Anna , Mortelmans Dimitri , Vercruyssen Anina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSince the late 20th century, a combination of sociodemographic changes and increasing costs of pensions, health and social care challenged the intergenerational welfare contract. Besides, governments have been substituting more parts of care services for informal care. Given this reality, little is known to what extent informal cares prefer a higher government responsibility. Nonetheless, they demonstrate solidarity towards other generations through their actions. In this article, we question whether the intensity of informal caregiving, expressed in hours a week, and age group affects preferences towards welfare distributions and policies supporting informal caregivers. To do so, we have used a unique dataset of stratified, representative data about intergenerational exchanges between individuals in Belgium. We only see a significant effect of high intensity caregiving on general welfare state support. For the policy that targets informal caregivers we see no differences between informal caregivers and non‐carers. We argue that informal care status or age cannot fully grasp people's preferences of welfare state support, but lies in the intersection of individual characteristics. A recent study about informal caregivers in Flanders highlighted significant differences in support needs across age groups. Notably, the persons at working age, would feel most helped by reconciliation measures such as paid informal care leave. Moreover, support needs correlated with the intensity of caregiving, as those providing 10 h or more expressed a greater need for financial support, work‐life balance policies and help from professional services (Bracke et al. Zorgenquête 2021: Inhoudelijk rapport, 2022). Recognizing the importance of different support needs of informal caregivers, underscores the necessity for comprehensive approaches in family and informal care policies to address both caregiver and recipient needs effectively.