bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social Decision Heuristics in the Use of Shared Resources
Authors: Allison Scott T. , Messick David M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe goals of the present study were (1) to demonstrate again that subjects in social decision tasks involving shared resources cannot be modelled as strategic money maximizers, and (2) to investigate further factors that affect the use of what we have called social decision heuristics. Subjects were led to believe that they were the first of six group members to extract points from a common pool of points. Each point extracted could possibly be exchanged for cash. The independent variables were the magnitude of the payoffs that subjects could receive (high vs. low), the divisibility of the resource (divisible vs. nondivisible), the perceived control of the last members over the group's outcomes (fate control vs. no fate control), and subjects' social values (cooperative vs. noncooperative). The results indicated that subjects anchored their decisions on an equal division heuristic. Subjects withdrew the fewest number of points when the resource was divisible, the payoffs were low, and there was fate control. The most points were taken when the resource was nondivisible, the payoffs were high, and subjects were classified as noncooperative. A model of the choice process in this task is discussed.
Assessment Uncertainty Technology for Making and Defending Risky Decisions
Authors: Brown Rex V. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRisky decisions are often difficult to make or defend because assessments of key facts are themselves subject to uncertainty. Theory bearing on this second‐order ‘assessment uncertainty’ (AU) has found little practical application. A methodology is proposed for representing AU in a form where it can be understood, judgmentally checked and effectively used in common decision situations, including some guidance on how to elicit or indirectly measure AU. It extends well‐established personal probability logic, with primary focus on predicting shifts in first‐order factual assessments which might result from new developments — whether these are realistically possible or ‘ideal.’ The approach attempts to be prescriptive, in that its input can be readily measured, its output fits intended use and user, and the intervening procedures are logically sound without being too burdensome. Successful application is illustrated in the context of a regulatory decision on whether a reactor should be required to install a costly safety feature.
The moderating effects of purchase importance in customer satisfaction process: An empirical investigation
Authors: Tam Jackie Lai Ming 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCustomer satisfaction continues to draw the interest of researchers and practitioners because it can lead to long term benefits including customer loyalty. Purchase importance plays a role in pre‐purchase process, yet little is known about how it may influence customer satisfaction formation process and loyalty intentions. This study examines the moderating effect of purchase importance in the customer satisfaction formation process and in loyalty intentions. A survey was conducted with customers in a restaurant setting, and structural equation analysis via LISREL was performed. The results show that perceived performance has a stronger influence on satisfaction when purchase importance is low, whereas satisfaction seems to be influenced both by disconfirmation and perceived performance when purchase importance is high. Post‐consumption expectations were found to influence on loyalty intentions under both high and low importance purchase conditions. The implications of these findings are discussed and suggestions for future research are made. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of the State of Dispersion of Carbon Nanotubes in Polymer Nanocomposites
Authors: Buschhorn Samuel T. , Wichmann Malte H. G. , Sumfleth Jan , Schulte Karl , Pegel Sven , Kasaliwal Gaurav R. , Villmow Tobias , Krause Beate , Göldel Andreas , Pötschke Petra 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEs wird ein praxisnaher Überblick über die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Charakterisierung der Dispersionsgüte von Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs, deutsch: Kohlenstoffnanoröhren) in polymerbasierten Nanokompositen gegeben. Die wichtigsten und am besten verfügbaren Methoden werden anwendungsorientiert vorgestellt. Einen Schwerpunkt bildet die quantitative Charakterisierung des Dispersionsgrads in festen Proben mittels mikroskopischer Methoden, wie Licht‐ oder Transmissions‐Elektronenmikroskopie. Für Dispersionen von CNTs in wässrigen Medien, Lösungsmitteln oder Monomeren wird die Sedimentationsanalyse vorgestellt, die Aussagen zum Dispergierzustand und zur Dispergierbarkeit von CNTs zulässt. Als indirekte Methoden werden elektrische Leitfähigkeitsmessungen, rheologische Untersuchungen, dynamische Differenzkalorimetrie und mechanische Tests diskutiert.
New Structural Insights into Saraines A, B, and C, Macrocyclic Alkaloids from the Mediterranean Sponge Reniera (Haliclona) sarai
Authors: Defant Andrea , Mancini Ines , Raspor Lucija , Guella Graziano , Turk Tom , Sepčić Kristina 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe structural peculiarity of saraines A, B and C, wherein a zwitterionic‐like form is present due to the coordination of a nitrogen atom to the C‐2 aldehyde by a strong proximity effect, has been further extended by experimental and theoretical evidences. They include the detection of [2M + H]+ clusters in electrospray ionization mass spectrometry in the positive ion mode of a water/acetonitrile solution, whereas only signals corresponding to [M + H]+ ions are detectable after addition of trifluoroacetic acid to the same solution. The zwitterionic form can be trapped to give O‐methyl derivatives only by reaction with a strong alkylating agent such as Meerwein's reagent. DFT calculations carried out on the core structural model suggest that the nucleophilic N‐1 atom in the minimized conformation is at a suitable distance from the carbonyl group and also defines an approach angle in good agreement with the Bürgi–Dunitz model. Antibacterial and hemolytic activities and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) assays have been evaluated for saraines A–C in comparison to those of saraines 1–3 and isosaraine 1, all the metabolites isolated from the sponge Reniera (Haliclona) sarai collected in the Northern Adriatic sea.
Theoretical constraints to gully erosion research: time for a re‐evaluation of concepts and assumptions?
Authors: Bergonse Rafaello V. , Reis Eusébio J. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTGullies are conceptualized in the literature as essentially fluvial forms with dimensional boundaries arbitrarily defined between rills and river channels. This notion is incompatible with the existing variability of form and process, as mass movements frequently exert a fundamental control on gully initiation and expansion, to the point of features outgrowing their original contributing area. The inability of a conceptual framework to incorporate existing observations inevitably constrains methodologies and research results. In this commentary, several examples of published results are contrasted with the prevailing assumption of an essentially fluvial nature, with the purpose of encouraging discussion on the need for a revised conceptual framework in gully erosion research. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lernen vom Lurch
Authors: Brand Michael 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBei Tieren wie dem mexikanischen Axolotl oder dem Zebrafisch wachsen geschädigte Körperteile oft vollständig nach. Dagegen ist das Regenerationsvermögen des Organismus beim Menschen beschränkt. Neuartige Stammzelltherapien könnten helfen, künftig auch bei ihm defekte Gewebe und Organe naturgetreu wiederherzustellen.
Neue Blicke in den Körper
Authors: Beer Ambros , Drzezga Alexander , Fürst Sebastian , Ziegler Sibylle , Nekolla Stephan , Schwaiger Markus 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDer weltweit erste integrierte MR‐PET‐Ganzkörperscanner für den klinischen Einsatz vereint zwei bildgebende Verfahren in einem Gerät. Damit werden bisher unerreichte Analysen der Struktur und Funktion menschlicher Gewebe möglich. Der Kombi‐Scanner könnte etwa die Krebstherapie erleichtern und die Erforschung des Gehirns vorantreiben.
Vom Labor in den Alltag
Authors: Schölmerich Jürgen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractVerstehen, wie der menschliche Organismus funktioniert – und helfen, wenn er erkrankt: Die Gesundheitsforschung will beides. Je besser dabei grundlegende Erkenntnisse in die Diagnose, Therapie und medizinische Versorgung übersetzt werden, desto größer ist der Nutzen für Patienten und Gesellschaft. DFG‐geförderte Projekte zeigen dies anschaulich.
Hochdruck in der Lunge
Authors: Ghofrani Hossein‐Ardeschir , Grimminger Friedrich 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDie pulmonale Hypertonie hat viele Ursachen und Formen – weltweit leiden Millionen Menschen unter dieser schweren Erkrankung der Lungengefäße. Verblüffende neue Forschungsergebnisse bieten jedoch vielversprechende Möglichkeiten der Therapie.
Letzter Ausweg Lungenspende
Authors: Haverich Axel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractManche Schädigungen der Atmungsorgane sind so schwer, dass nur eine Transplantation helfen kann. Allerdings müssen Patienten häufig sehr lange auf die Organverpflanzung warten – und nach dem Eingriff drohen chronische Abstoßungsreaktionen. Inzwischen werden ganz neue Strategien entwickelt, um diese Probleme zu überwinden.
Gezielt gegen den Zucker
Authors: Fritsche Andreas , Stefan Norbert , Häring Hans‐Ulrich 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDie Umstellung eines ungesunden Lebensstils ist das beste Mittel, einem Diabetes vorzubeugen. Allerdings wirkt dies nicht bei allen Gefährdeten gleich gut. Biomarker könnten zeigen, wer von der �„nderung seiner Gewohnheiten profitiert und wer nicht.
Wer was bekommen soll – und wer was nicht
Authors: Diederich Adele , Schreier Margrit 
Published: June 2011

AbstractLängst können die gesetzlichen Krankenkassen nicht mehr alles medizinisch Machbare bezahlen. Wie aber sollen die Mittel fair verteilt werden? Junge vor Alten, Prävention vor Versorgung? Prioritäten lassen sich nur in einem offenen gesellschaftlichen Dialog setzen.
Frauenherzen, Männerherzen
Authors: Lindner Martin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractDie Kardiologin Vera Regitz‐Zagrosek erforscht die geschlechtsspezifischen Mechanismen bei Herzleiden. Ihr Fazit: Der Medizin fehlt das Bewusstsein für die Unterschiede zwischen Männern und Frauen – obwohl es für eine optimale Therapie nötig wäre.
Health, safety, and environmental risks from energy production: a year‐long reality check
Authors: Oldenburg Curtis M. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractLarge‐scale carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) offers the benefit of reducing CO2 emissions and thereby mitigating climate change risk, but it will also bring its own health, safety, and environmental risks. Curtis M. Oldenburg, Editor‐in‐Chief, considers these risks in the context of the broader picture of energy production.
Synthesis and radiobiological evaluation of a new 99mTc‐labeled small peptide: 99mTc‐YGGSLAK as imaging agent
Authors: De Kakali , Chandra Susmita , Ganguly Santanu , Sarkar Bhart , Misra Mridula 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPeptides are known as receptor‐specific molecules that play an important role not only in diagnosis and therapy of neoplastic diseases, but also in the pathogenesis of other diseases. In an effort to develop a peptide‐based radiopharmaceutical for scintigraphic studies, a small peptide Tyr‐Gly‐Gly‐Ser‐Leu‐Ala‐Lys (YGGSLAK) was synthesized by Fmoc solid‐phase peptide synthesis using an automated synthesizer. This peptide was analyzed by TLC, HPLC and mass spectroscopy. Then, we investigated its analytical and pharmacokinetic study after radiolabeling with technetium‐99 m (99mTc) using SnCl2. The radiochemical purity of the complex was over 95% and log p value was 1.46. In vivo biodistribution studies in rat showed that most activity of this injected radiolabeled peptide (99mTc‐YGGSLAK) was accumulated in the liver and followed by gallbladder, intestines and kidney. Scintigraphy studies on rabbits also showed very high uptake and retention in the liver and gallbladder, and after 1 h slowly excreted through the hepatobiliary system and a little amount was also excreted through the renal system. The radiochemical and in vitro and in vivo characterization indicates that 99mTc‐YGGSLAK has certain favorable properties and it might be used as a new radiopharmaceutical for hepatobiliary scintigraphy. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The PINIT domain of PIAS3: structure‐function analysis of its interaction with STAT3
Authors: Mautsa Nicodemus , Prinsloo Earl , Bishop Özlem Tastan , Blatch Gregory L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (PIAS3) regulates the transcriptional activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) which regulates transcription of genes involved in cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis. The conserved proline, isoleucine, asparagine, isoleucine, threonine (PINIT) domain of PIAS3 is thought to promote STAT3–PIAS3 interaction. The (His)7‐PINIT domain (PIAS385–272) was heterologously expressed and purified to homogeneity by nickel affinity and size exclusion chromatography, and shown to be a folded monomer in solution. Using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (SPR) the PINIT domain (PIAS385–272) alone was shown to specifically bind to STAT3 in a concentration dependent manner. L97A, R99N and R99Q mutations of the PINIT domain were found to abrogate binding to STAT3, suggesting that these residues were part of a potential binding surface. An homology model for the PINIT domain was calculated to analyse the potential locations of L97 and R99 in the structure, and to evaluate the potential role of these residues in interactions with STAT3. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hapten–antibody recognition studies in competitive immunoassay of α‐zearalanol analogs by computational chemistry and Pearson Correlation analysis
Authors: Wang Zhanhui , Luo Pengjie , Cheng Linli , Zhang Suxia , Shen Jianzhong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe molecular recognition of hapten–antibody is a fundamental event in competitive immunoassay, which guarantees the sensitivity and specificity of immunoassay for the detection of haptens. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between binding ability of one monoclonal antibody, 1H9B4, recognizing and the molecular aspects of α‐zearalanol analogs. The mouse‐derived monoclonal antibody was produced by using α‐zearalanol conjugated to bovine serum albumin as an immunogen. The antibody recognition abilities, expressed as IC50 values, were determined by a competitive ELISA. All of the hapten molecules were optimized by Density Function Theory (DFT) at B3LYP/ 6‐31G* level and the conformation and electrostatic molecular isosurface were employed to explain the molecular recognition between α‐zearalanol analogs and antibody 1H9B4. Pearson Correlation analysis between molecular descriptors and IC50 values was qualitatively undertaken and the results showed that one molecular descriptor, surface of the hapten molecule, clearly demonstrated linear relationship with antibody recognition ability, where the relationship coefficient was 0.88 and the correlation was significant at p < 0.05 level. The study shows that computational chemistry and Pearson Correlation analysis can be used as tool to help the immunochemistries better understand the processing of antibody recognition of hapten molecules in competitive immunoassay. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of selective ligands for human fibrin recognition using high‐throughput docking
Authors: Massarelli Ilaria , Imbriani Marcello , Chiellini Federica , Chiellini Emo , Bianucci Anna Maria 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe ultimate aim of this study is to identify new molecules that are able to recognize polymerized fibrin, which is the main component of a thrombus. These selective ligands can be exposed on the surface of particular nanoparticles used for the targeted delivery of fibrinolytic drugs. The targeted delivery of these drugs is expected to help to keep under control the severe side effects which can occur if the drugs are administered systemically. The study focuses on the application of high‐throughput docking methods used to screen a library of thousands of commercial compounds. The aim was to identify molecules that are potentially capable of interacting with the human fibrin γ(312–324) epitope. The best scoring compounds were purchased and tested through fluorimetric assays in order to estimate their affinity toward fibrin. The results show that the protocol proposed here for identifying new compounds of interest may provide a valuable contribution to the discovery of lead molecules for human fibrin recognition. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The secrets of successful communities of practice: Real benefits from collaboration within social networks at Schneider Electric
Authors: Gelin Philippe , Milusheva Maia 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCommunities of Practice are frequently seen as key enablers of efficient corporate operations in knowledge‐intensive industries. They can improve internal communications and knowledge sharing both within an organization and between the organization and its external partners. Despite the positive effects a Community of Practice may have at any one point in time, however, its successful management over the long term requires adaptations to take into account the different stages in the life cycle of the Community. The objective of this article is to reveal the secrets of successful long‐term management of Communities of Practice; we do this using a case study of Schneider Electric, a global leader in energy‐efficiency management. The article will examine the Human Machine Interface Community, which has 400 active members in more than 60 countries. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A public‐private partnership: American Water's revolutionary water reuse system for the Patriots' home
Authors: Shields Donald C. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBy the time the New England Patriots don their football jerseys and upward of 68,000 fans stream into Gillette Stadium, game day has long begun behind the scenes, where a water reuse system saves the region 250,000 gallons of water per event. Funded by the stadium's developer, The Kraft Group, and public finance bonds floated by the town of Foxborough, Gillette Stadium's water reuse system was conceived and installed and is managed by Applied Water Management, a subsidiary of American Water, the nation's largest investor‐owned water and wastewater utility. Also serving Patriot Place, the surrounding shopping, dining, and entertainment complex, this system is a model for public‐private partnerships. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mastering tacit corridors for competitive advantage: Cross‐cultural knowledge creation and sharing at four international firms
Authors: Glisby Martin , Holden Nigel J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn today's business world, knowledge is shaped in corporate relationships and diffused in networks. A major mode of knowledge is the tacit dimension, which refers to the elusive, uncodified knowledge that comes from experience, is hard to quantify, but gives an all‐important mood and tone to explicit knowledge. Tacit knowledge is traditionally viewed as an important though hazily conceived organizational asset; however, here it is treated as something that is co‐created in cross‐cultural business relationships and as a knowledge resource of immense significance. Tacit knowledge is prone to serious misappreciation by managers, but understanding it for what it is can give firms a key edge that the authors term knowledge advantage. Here, they use case‐study data from four international firms to introduce a model that makes use of the concepts of tacit corridors and coupling. Tacit corridors are the metaphorical spaces in cross‐cultural interactions where managers' thoughts and actions are constrained—often inexplicably—by uncertainty and imperfect sense‐making. Coupling is the process of reflexivity‐based action for facilitating knowledge flows connecting individuals, organizations, and networks. Knowledge advantage is the art of mastering tacit corridors through the context‐sensitive application of coupling. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An Integrated Approach to Consumer Decision Making for Budget City Breaks: the Role of Emotion
Authors: Ene Diana , Schofield Peter 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTThe short break market has been neglected from the perspective of consumer decision making (CDM) research despite its economic importance for many destinations. This study examines CDM in the budget city break market; it examines the interrelationship between the key constructs of price, quality, involvement, emotions and attitude in relation to consumer purchasing, repurchasing and recommendation. Emotions were found to have a significant influence on CDM for budget city breaks, their impact varied on the basis of decision type and market segment, and the number of relevant dimensions increased with the complexity of decisions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CARBON FIXATION OF CYANOBACTERIAL–ALGAL CRUSTS AFTER DESERT FIXATION AND ITS IMPLICATION TO SOIL ORGANIC CARBON ACCUMULATION IN DESERT
Authors: Yan‐Gui S. , Xin‐Rong L. , Ying‐Wu C. , Zhi‐Shan Z. , Yan L. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTEnhanced carbon fixation in soil crusts may facilitate the restoration of damaged ecosystems, but this requires greater knowledge of carbon fixation patterns and mechanisms. We measured the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and estimated annual carbon fixation (ACF) in cyanobacterial–algal crusts after desert fixation in the Tengger Desert, northwestern China. The accumulated carbon fixation since the establishment of a restoration site was also calculated. In addition, stepwise regression analysis was used to study the relation between Pn and ACF and the physicochemical properties of crusts. Results showed that Pn was significantly higher at a more established 51‐year‐old restoration site (1·57 µmol m−2 s−1) than at a younger 15‐year‐old site (0·92 µmol m−2 s−1). The ACF also increased significantly with restoration time, but in two temporal phases, a slower ACF phase between 15 and 26 years of restoration (0·28–0·7 gC m−2 y−1) and a high ACF phase after 43–51 years of restoration (3·3 gC m−2 y−1). Stepwise regression analysis revealed that Pn was significantly correlated with chlorophyll a and crust cover, whereas ACF was only correlated with crust cover. Accumulated carbon fixation increased from 2·9 gC m−2 after 15 years to 35·4 gC m−2 at 51 years following establishment of the restoration site. The accumulated carbon fixation was positively correlated with soil organic carbon content. This study demonstrated that carbon fixation by cyanobacterial–algal crusts increased progressively after desert fixation. Artificial measures, like the establishment of these restoration zones, can facilitate the colonization and development of biological soil crusts and are an effective biological tool for desert soil restoration. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.