bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved NADPH supply for xylitol production by engineered Escherichia coli with glycolytic mutations
Authors: Chin Jonathan W. , Cirino Patrick C. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractEscherichia coli engineered to uptake xylose while metabolizing glucose was previously shown to produce high levels of xylitol from a mixture of glucose and xylose when expressing NADPH‐dependent xylose reductase from Candida boidinii (CbXR) (Cirino et al., Biotechnol Bioeng. 2006;95:1167‐1176). We then described the effects of deletions of key metabolic pathways (e.g., Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas and pentose phosphate pathway) and reactions (e.g., transhydrogenase and NADH dehydrogenase) on resting‐cell xylitol yield (YRPG: moles of xylitol produced per mole of glucose consumed) (Chin et al., Biotechnol Bioeng. 2009;102:209‐220). These prior results demonstrated the importance of direct NADPH supply by NADP+‐utilizing enzymes in central metabolism for driving heterologous NADPH‐dependent reactions. This study describes strain modifications that improve coupling between glucose catabolism (oxidation) and xylose reduction using two fundamentally different strategies. We first examined the effects of deleting the phosphofructokinase (pfk) gene(s) on growth‐uncoupled xylitol production and found that deleting both pfkA and sthA (encoding the E. coli‐soluble transhydrogenase) improved the xylitol YRPG from 3.4 ± 0.6 to 5.4 ± 0.4. The second strategy focused on coupling aerobic growth on glucose to xylitol production by deleting pgi (encoding phosphoglucose isomerase) and sthA. Impaired growth due to imbalanced NADPH metabolism (Sauer et al., J Biol Chem. 2004;279:6613‐6619) was alleviated upon expressing CbXR, resulting in xylitol production similar to that of the growth‐uncoupled precursor strains but with much less acetate secretion and more efficient utilization of glucose. Intracellular nicotinamide cofactor levels were also quantified, and the magnitude of the change in the NADPH/NADP+ ratio measured from cells consuming glucose in the absence vs. presence of xylose showed a strong correlation to the resulting YRPG. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention of an unprotected left main using mini‐crush drug‐eluting stents facilitated by intracoronary reteplase
Authors: Triantafyllou Konstantinos , Metaxopoulos Panagiotis , Babalis Dimitrios 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPatients suffering from acute myocardial infarction with involvement of unprotected left main (LM) coronary artery disease represent a very high‐risk subgroup. A 37‐year‐old male patient was admitted with posterolateral acute myocardial infarction and in borderline hemodynamic condition. His left ventricular ejection fraction was 30% with posterior, lateral wall, and apical akinesis along with mild mitral regurgitation. Emergency coronary angiography demonstrated ostial occlusion of the left circumflex artery (without stump, flow Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 0/Rentrop 0) and severe distal LM disease with superimposed thrombus. The primary percutaneous coronary intervention procedure combined intracoronary reteplase plus thrombus aspiration to restore flow in the left circumflex and deployment of two everolimus‐eluting stents with mini‐crush technique to successfully reconstruct the LM bifurcation. The patient recovered without complications and had a favorable outcome at mid‐term.© 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pediatric catheterization laboratory anticoagulation with bivalirudin
Authors: Forbes Thomas J. , Hijazi Ziyad M. , Young Guy , Ringewald Jeremy M , Aquino Paolo M. , Vincent Robert N. , Qureshi Athar M. , Rome Jonathan J. , Rhodes John F. , Jones Thomas K. , Moskowitz William B. , Holzer Ralf J. , Zamora Rolando 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground: Pediatric physicians regularly face the problem of uncertain procedural anticoagulation in children, especially in neonates. We sought to evaluate the safety, plasma concentration (pharmacokinetics, PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and dosing guidelines of bivalirudin when used as a procedural anticoagulant in pediatric percutaneous intravascular procedures. Methods and Results: Pediatric subjects undergoing percutaneous intravascular procedures for congenital heart disease were enrolled and received the current weight‐based dose used in percutaneous coronary interventions (0.75 mg/kg bolus, 1.75 mg/kg/hr infusion). Blood samples for PK/PD analyses were drawn, and safety was evaluated by monitoring bleeding and thrombosis events. A total of 110 patients (11 neonates, 33 infants, 32 young children, and 34 older children) were enrolled; 106 patients received the protocol dose. The PK/PD response of bivalirudin was predictable and behaved in a manner similar to that in adults. Weight‐normalized bivalirudin clearance rates were more rapid in neonates and decreased with increasing age. Bivalirudin concentrations were slightly lower in neonates, with a trend to an increase with age. Activating clotting time response was consistent with adult studies and prolonged in all age groups, and there was reasonable correlation between activating clotting time and bivalirudin plasma concentrations across all age groups. There were few major bleeding (2 of 110, 1.8%) or thrombotic events (9 of 110, 8.2%) reported. Conclusions: PK/PD response of bivalirudin in the pediatric population is predictable and behaves in a manner similar to that in adults. Using adult dosing, bivalirudin safely provided the expected anticoagulant effect in the pediatric population undergoing intravascular procedures for congenital heart disease. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of single‐ versus two‐stent techniques in treatment of unprotected left main coronary bifurcation disease
Authors: Kim Won‐Jang , Kim Young‐Hak , Park Duk‐Woo , Yun Sung‐Cheol , Lee Jong‐Young , Kang Soo‐Jin , Lee Seung‐Whan , Lee Cheol Whan , Park Seong‐Wook , Park Seung‐Jung 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground: This study sought to compare 3‐year outcomes of single‐ versus two‐stent techniques in patients with distal unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) disease treated with drug‐eluting stents (DES). Methods and Results: A total of 392 patients with distal unprotected LMCA disease who underwent DES implantation with single‐ (n = 234) or two‐ (n = 158) stent techniques were evaluated. The primary end point was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as the composite of death, myocardial infarction (MI), and target lesion revascularization (TLR). The two‐stent group was more likely to have extensive coronary artery stenosis. After adjustment with weighted Cox model using the inverse probability of treatment weighting, the 3‐year risk of death was similar in the single‐ and two‐stent groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.28–2.13, P = 0.62). However, the 3‐year risks of MI (HR, 0.38, 95% CI, 0.19–0.78, P = 0.008), TLR (HR, 0.16, 95% CI, 0.05–0.57, P = 0.005), and MACE (HR, 0.89, 95% CI, 0.22–0.67, P = 0.0007) were significantly lower in the single‐stent group. Conclusion: Compared with the two‐stent technique, the single‐stent technique showed more favorable long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with distal unprotected LMCA disease who received DES. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Early Maladaptive Schema Factors, Chronic Pain and Depressiveness: a Study with 271 Chronic Pain Patients and 331 Control Participants
Authors: Saariaho Tom , Saariaho Anita , Karila Irma , Joukamaa Matti 
Published: January 2011

Chronic pain and depression are coexisting entities with high simultaneous prevalence. Both are linked with early adversities. Early maladaptive schemas (EMS) can be seen as a reflection of these adversities. EMSs extensively indicate underlying psychic patterns and provide a good opportunity to detect covert processes and psychic shapes (latent factors), which create the basis of how people rate their schemas. The purpose of this study was to explore these latent, higher order schema factors (SF) and to find out how they are associated with pain intensity or depression in chronic pain patients and a control sample. The study subjects consisted of 271 first‐visit pain patients and 331 control participants. Sociodemographic and pain data were gathered by questionnaire; 18 EMSs were measured with the Young Schema Questionnaire (short form) and depressiveness was measured with the Beck Depression Inventory, Version II. Exploratory factor and regression analyses were used. The chronic pain patient group showed two SFs. The first SF showed a shameful, defective, socially isolated, failure, emotionally inhibited, deprived, submissive and resigned pattern. The second SF showed a demanding, approval seeking, self‐sacrificing and punitive pattern. SF1 predicted more than half of the depressiveness in the pain patient sample. A three‐factor structure was found in the control sample, and SFs 1 and 3 together predicted almost one‐third of depressiveness. The pain patient and the control groups had a different, higher order factor structure. We assume that SF1 in the pain patients reflected a rather serious, undefined early psychic trauma and was also associated with their depressiveness. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Chronic pain patients showed a two‐factor higher order schema factor (SF) structure, which we labelled Loser and Encumbered.
The control participants showed a three‐factor structure with many similarities to earlier studies.
The first SF (Loser) was strongly associated with depression in the chronic pain patients.
The data support the view that early adversities predispose chronic pain patients to depression.
From the therapeutic point of view, we should be able to support the ashamed, failure, dependent, incompetent, negative and vulnerable ones (Loser) to feel dignity and calm down the ‘Encumbered’ ones to get them relaxed and their suffering bodies to heal.
Attachment security representations in institutionalized children and children living with their families: links to problem behaviour
Authors: Torres Nuno , Maia Joana , Veríssimo Manuela , Fernandes Marilia , Silva Filipa 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe present work analyses differences in the attachment representations of institutionalized children as compared with children from low and high educational level living with their natural families. Participants were 91 Portuguese children, 52% girls, aged 48–96 months. There were three different groups: 19 institutionalized children, 16 low educational level families' children and 56 from high educational level families'. Attachment representations were assessed for Security of the narratives of the Attachment Story Completion Task (ASCT). Psychopathological symptoms were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist for parents and caretakers. Verbal skills were assessed using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence—Revised. Results show that institutionalized children have significantly lower security of attachment representations, less verbal skills and higher aggressive behaviour than the other two groups. Attachment representations were associated with social/withdrawal and aggression, independently of age, verbal skills and parents' education. The main effect of institutionalization on externalizing aggressive behaviour was completely mediated by the security of attachment representations. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message:• Behavior problems, Attachment, Institution.
Fine needle aspiration of salivary gland masses in HIV‐infected patients
Authors: Michelow Pam , Dezube Bruce J. , Pantanowitz Liron 
Published: January 2011

AbstractSalivary gland disease is an important manifestation of HIV‐infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytologic findings of salivary gland fine needle aspiration (FNA) in South African human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients. A retrospective review was performed on confirmed HIV‐positive patients who underwent FNA of various body sites, including salivary glands, over a 5‐year period. There were 495 (14.1%) salivary gland FNAs out of a total of 3,501 HIV‐positive patients. This included 260 (52.5%) parotid, 226 (45.7%) submandibular, 2 (0.4%) sublingual, and 7 (1.4%) specimens labeled as a salivary gland aspirate, exact site not provided. Patients were of average age 34 years (range 9 months to 63 years) with a female: male ratio of 1:0.6. There were 37 (7.5%) inadequate FNAs and 22 (4.4%) that contained normal gland constituents only. Most diagnoses were benign and comprised 168 (33.9%) reactive lymphadenopathy, 115 (23.2%) benign lymphoepithelial cysts, 62 (12.5%) mycobacterial infections, and 52 (10.5%) abscesses, of which 10 had associated mycobacterial infections. Neoplasms accounted for 31 (6.7%) diagnoses including 11 pleomorphic adenomas, 13 lymphoma, 3 Kaposi sarcoma, 1 squamous cell carcinoma, 1 metastatic carcinoma, and 1 rhabdomyosarcoma. There were four epidermoid inclusion cysts, three non‐specific sialadenitis, one mucocele, and one spindle cell lesion not able to be further characterized. FNA is a useful procedure to evaluate salivary gland lesions in an HIV‐infected population, allowing prompt management to be undertaken and obviating the need for surgery in many instances, an important consideration in an underfunded public health care system. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Malignant effusion of chromophobe renal‐cell carcinoma: Cytological and immunohistochemical findings
Authors: Teresa Pusiol , Maria Grazia Zorzi , Doriana Morichetti , Irene Piscioli , Michele, Scialpi 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMalignant effusions because of renal‐cell carcinoma (RCC) are an unusual event and occur in patients with papillary and clear cell tumors. We have studied a 65‐year‐old man who underwent right renal tumorectomy, diagnosed as chromophobe RCC (pT1). After 16 months, the patient presented cough and fever. Positron emission computed tomography demonstrated extensive mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Chest radiograph showed right pleural effusion. The cytological examination of the fluid showed malignant cells. Immunohistochemistry had been performed on primary renal tumor and on cell block of pleural effusion. The renal tumor showed positivity for parvalbumin, cytokeratin (CK) 7, C‐kit (CD117), E‐cadherin, and RCC marker. The neoplastic cells of pleural effusion showed positive immunohistochemical staining for parvalbumin, RCC marker, pancytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, CK7, C‐kit (CD117), E‐cadherin, and CD10. They were negative for thyroid transcription factor‐1, CK20, calretinin, CK5, D2‐40 podoplanin, CDX2, and Wilms' tumor suppressor gene. Malignant effusion secondary to RCC is rare. In several studies, RCC had been the cause of 1–2.2% of malignant pleural fluids. Chromophobe RCC tends to be localized into the kidney and to be of nuclear grade 2 at presentation, factors that probably explain its more favorable outlook. In our case, the chromophobe RCC was asymptomatic and was discovered because abdominal pain due to stone in the gallbladder. The tumor had an unusual aggressive clinical behavior. Immunohistochemistry performed on the cell block let to establish the renal origin and the chromophobe histotype of malignant cells found in the pleural fluid. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A multivariate statistical study to obtain effective criteria to detect well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma in endometrial cytology
Authors: Nambu Masami , Matsumoto Shinji , Takeshita Morishige , Nabeshima Kazuki , Iwashita, Akinori 
Published: January 2011

AbstractConsistency in endometrial cytology is relatively poor. This can be partly attributed to generally accepted criteria based on cellular features. The cytological distinction between grade‐1 adenocarcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia is more reliant on architectural features than cellular features. We examined statistical criteria based on cytoarchitecture for detecting grade‐1 adenocarcinoma in endometrial cytology.Histologically, the study population consisted of 11 cases of grade‐1 adenocarcinoma, 6 of atypical endometrial hyperplasia, 16 of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, and 74 of a normal proliferative endometrium. In each case, all cellclumps were divided into five patterns (tubular; sheet; dilated and/or branched tubular; regular overlapping; atypical). The frequencies of each pattern were submitted to five‐variate cluster analysis. The validity and reproducibility of cluster analysis were tested by canonical discriminant analysis and multigroup linear discriminant analysis, respectively.All 107 cases were classified into three groups, A (11), B (36), and C (60), by five‐variate cluster analysis. In comparison with this classification and histopathologic diagnosis, group A corresponded to adenocarcinoma, and groups B and C correlated with non‐carcinoma. Most cases of atypical endometrial hyperplasia were included in group B.These data suggest that statistical groupings based on cytoarchitecture are useful in the discrimination of grade‐1 adenocarcinoma from endometrial hyperplasia and normal tissue. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration diagnosis of metastatic urothelial carcinoma: A review
Authors: Cantley R. L. , Kapur U. , Truong L. , Cimbaluk D. , Barkan G. A. , Wojcik E. , Gattuso P. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractUrothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the urinary tract. Metastases of UC are most common in the regional lymph nodes, lungs, liver, bone, and adrenal glands. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of such metastases can be difficult, particularly in the setting of incomplete clinical history or when multiple primary neoplasms may be present. This review focuses on the cytologic features helpful in differentiating UC from its potential mimics, as well as ancillary studies that may be helpful in the distinction. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intraprocedural evaluation of fine‐needle aspiration smears: How good are we?
Authors: Factor Rachel , Layfield Lester J. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA significant percentage of fine‐needle aspirations (FNAs) is obtained using radiographic image guidance. Such image‐guided aspirates are associated with increased costs, and it is highly desirable that adequate material for diagnosis is obtained at the time of the initial procedure. Hence, intraoperative evaluation of smear material is frequently performed to evaluate adequacy and to triage the aspirate to specialized tests such as flow cytometry and cytogenetics for appropriate work‐up. Although FNA under radiologic guidance has been shown to be useful, little data exist as to the accuracy of such intraprocedural evaluation. The quality‐assurance records between May 2009 and May 2010 were electronically searched for all FNA cases with intraprocedural evaluation. The reports were obtained and reviewed to compare the intraprocedural diagnosis and the final cytopathologic diagnosis. Percentage of deferred cases and percentage of disagreement were calculated. From May 2009 to May 2010, a total of 775 FNAs were performed with intraprocedural review. These cases were reviewed by seven board‐certified cytopathologists. In 738 cases, the preliminary interpretation agreed with the final diagnosis. In 2.2% (17 of 775) of cases, the interpretation was deferred until‐cell block, and/or cytospin preparations were obtained. In 2.6% (20 of 775) of cases, a disagreement in diagnosis existed between the initial interpretation and the final sign‐out diagnosis. Intraprocedural interpretation of FNA material appears to be highly reliable with disagreements occurring in only 2.6% of cases. This degree of disagreement is slightly higher than that reported in some frozen section studies. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasma cell tumors with neurologic symptoms: Cytological findings
Authors: Azarpira Negar , Vasei Mohammad , Rasekhi Alireza 
Published: January 2011

AbstractPlasma cell neoplasms (plasma cell dyscrasias) are a group of entities characterized by the neoplastic proliferation of a single clone of plasma cells, typically producing a monoclonal immunoglobulin. These tumors can manifest as multiple myeloma, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, plasma cell myeloma, or plasmacytoma.We report two plasma cell tumors, one of them presented with headache and diplopia, and the second one complained from low back pain. The aspirate exhibited numerous plasma cells in various stage of maturation and was initially diagnosed as extra‐skeletal solitary plasmacytoma on fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Immunohistochemistry demonstrated monoclonal expression of light immunoglobulin chains together with demonstration of CD 38 positivity. Systematic approach such as bone marrow examination, serum protein electrophoresis, skeletal imaging, and urine examination for Bence‐Jones proteins were performed for patients. With these investigations, one case was labeled as multiple myeloma with secondary solitary plasmacytoma in pituitary gland and soft tissue and another one as primary extra‐skeletal solitary plasmacytoma.Although fine‐needle aspiration is a reliable and rapid technique for initial diagnosis, further work‐up and clinical follow‐up of these patients is necessary to rule out multiple myeloma. Because of cytomorphological similarity between plasma cells and endocrine cells, EMP of sellar region may be confused with pituitary adenoma especially at the time of intraoperative consultation. Diagn. Cytopathol., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Image cytometry of insular carcinoma
Authors: Dey Pranab , Barwad Adarsh , Gupta Nalini , Saikia Uma Nahar 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTo study the morphometric features of insular carcinoma (IC) of thyroid and follicular carcinoma (FC) in fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smear to evaluate the role of the morphometric features to distinguish these two groups. We performed image morphometry in Hematoxyline and Eosin stained FNAC smears of eight each histopathology proven cases of IC and FC of thyroid. Nuclear area, diameter, perimeter, and standard deviation of nuclear area (SDNA) of these two groups were studied and compared. Nuclear area, diameter, perimeter, and SDNA of IC and FC were 30.43 μ2, 7.31 μ, 23.01 μ, 8.81 and 38.43 μ2, 7.66 μ, 25.63 μ, 10.83, respectively. Student's t‐test analysis did not show any significant difference (P > 0.05) in these two groups. Nuclear morphometry data indicate that the nuclear size and shape of IC and FC are essentially similar and it is not possible to differentiate these two entities with the help of image morphometric data. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.