bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrarater and interrater reliability of digital calipers in assessing Achilles tendon thickness in patients with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Nazir Shaikh Nabi Bukhsh , Ansari Basit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the intrarater and interrater reliability of measuring Achilles tendon (AT) thickness using a digital caliper in patients with knee osteoarthritis.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted at the Physiotherapy Department of Rabia Moon Hospital, involving the recruitment of 61 patients with knee osteoarthritis. Measurements were taken in millimeters at a 90‐degree angle, approximately 5 cm from the attachment to the calcaneus, precisely where the ankle joint joins the medial malleolus. Two physical therapists conducted two testing sessions, separated by 7 days, to assess both the intrarater and interrater reliability of the digital caliper. During the second session, two raters simultaneously assessed the patients' responses on the digital caliper. The study analyzed reliability indices, including the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman plot.ResultsThe study found high intrarater reliability for the digital caliper, with an ICC of 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.22, 0.99). For interrater reliability, the ICC was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.96, 0.98) in patients with knee OA. Additionally, both interrater and intrarater agreement for measuring AT thickness with the digital caliper fell within acceptable limits on 95% of occasions, as indicated by the Limits of Agreement values: 0.32 to −0.53 mm for interrater agreement and −0.35 to −0.04 mm for intrarater agreement.ConclusionsDigital Calipers have been found to provide excellent intrarater and interrater reliability when used to measure AT thickness in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
Attitude takeover control of spacecraft based on neural network predefined‐time extended state observer
Authors: Shi Mingyue , Wu Baolin , Bernelli‐Zazzera Franco 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article introduces the problem of predefined‐time attitude takeover control for spacecraft. A novel radial basis function neural network predefined‐time extended state observer is presented, which facilitates estimation of external disturbance, unmeasurable angular velocity, and actuator installation deviation within a predefined‐time. A quantizer is then employed to quantize control input signal in controller‐to‐actuator side to mitigate communication pressure. Thereafter, a novel predefined‐time attitude controller is proposed to ensure system states converge within a predefined‐time. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is substantiated via numerical simulation.
Large‐Scale Analysis of Defects in Atomically Thin Semiconductors using Hyperspectral Line Imaging
Authors: Lim Seungjae , Kim Tae Wan , Park Taejoon , Heo Yoon Seong , Yang Seonguk , Seo Hosung , Suh Joonki , Lee Jae‐Ung 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPoint defects play a crucial role in determining the properties of atomically thin semiconductors. This work demonstrates the controlled formation of different types of defects and their comprehensive optical characterization using hyperspectral line imaging (HSLI). Distinct optical responses are observed in monolayer semiconductors grown under different stoichiometries using metal‐organic chemical vapor deposition. HSLI enables the simultaneous measurement of 400 spectra, allowing for statistical analysis of optical signatures at close to a centimeter scale. The study discovers that chalcogen‐rich samples exhibit remarkable optical uniformity due to reduced precursor accumulation compared to the metal‐rich case. The utilization of HSLI as a facile and reliable characterization tool pushes the boundaries of potential applications for atomically thin semiconductors in future devices.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured 2D Tin Telluride
Authors: Singh Appu Kumar , Karthik Rajeev , Sreeram Punathil Raman , Kundu Tarun Kumar , Tiwary Chandra Sekhar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA lot of experimental studies are conducted on theoretically predicted thermoelectric 2D materials. Such materials can pave the way for charging ultra‐thin electronic devices, self‐charging wearable devices, and medical implants. This study systematically explores the thermoelectric attributes of bulk and 2D nanostructured Tin Telluride (SnTe), employing experimental investigations and theoretical analyses based on semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory. The bulk SnTe is synthesized through flame melting, while the 2D SnTe is produced via liquid phase exfoliation. The comprehensive assessment of thermoelectric properties integrated experimental measurements utilizing a Physical Property Measurement System and theoretical calculations from the BoltzTraP code. Experimental thermoelectric studies show a high ZT of 0.17 for 2D SnTe when compared to bulk (0.005) at room temperature. This rise in ZT is due to the high Seebeck coefficient and low thermal conductivity of nanostructured 2D SnTe. Density functional theory (DFT) studies reveal the contribution of the density of states (DOS) and energy bandgap in enhancing the Seebeck coefficient and lowering thermal conductivity by interface scattering.
Erhalten durch Modernisierung, Membrandächer refreshed
Authors: Stimpfle Bernd 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn den 1990er‐Jahren wurden in Europa viele Membranprojekte realisiert. Nach teilweise über 30 Jahren Nutzungsdauer stehen bei einer Vielzahl dieser Bauwerke nun Dacherneuerungen an. Ziel ist es, sie langfristig weiterzunutzen, ihre ursprüngliche Attraktivität wiederherzustellen und die Standsicherheit für die nächsten Jahre zu bewahren. Die präsentierten Beispiele zeigen unterschiedliche Gründe für die Sanierung, aber auch unterschiedliche Herangehensweisen an die Modernisierung.
Emergent knowledge patterns in verification artifacts
Authors: Jung Sukhwan , Salado Alejandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractKnowledge graphs have recently been introduced to the verification strategy field successfully representing the complexity of verification in real‐life applications. This format provides a scale‐free analysis of verification strategies compared to the more traditional verification artifacts such as requirement traceability matrices and verification matrices. Complexities can be observed visually and numerically both in terms of the problem scope and the entity interdependencies. In this paper, we retrieve verification strategy information patterns representing different aspects of verification. This is achieved by tapping into the network properties of knowledge graphs. They are dissected to detect knowledge patterns emerging from different parts of the verification artifacts. Similarities and differences between the two verification strategies are explained numerically and semantically. Seemingly unrelated requirements and verification activities are connected through indirect connections, and orthogonalities between independent requirements are analyzed. These findings validate the scalability of verification planning and assessment based on knowledge graphs.
Communicating Alzheimer's biomarker results to cognitively unimpaired research participants: Satisfaction, utility, and impact on research attitudes
Authors: Erickson Claire M. , Ketchum Fred B. , Basche Kristin E. , Chin Nathaniel A. , Eveler Marcella L. , Clark Lindsay R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionRecruitment and retention pose a significant challenge to Alzheimer's disease (AD) research. Returning AD biomarker results to participants has been proposed as a means to improve recruitment and retention. We present findings related to participant satisfaction, utility, and impact on research attitudes from the amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) disclosure sub‐study within the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP).MethodsNinety‐nine cognitively unimpaired WRAP participants learned their amyloid PET results (mean age ± SD = 72.0 ± 4.8). Measures of reasons for wanting to learn results, study comprehension, result utility, visit satisfaction, research attitudes, and future study enrollment willingness were collected. Between‐group, chi‐squared analysis was conducted to determine differences by result type (elevated vs. not elevated amyloid PET result) in study comprehension, result utility, and visit satisfaction. Linear mixed‐effects modeling was used to evaluate changes in research attitudes and enrollment willingness as a function of time, amyloid result type (elevated/not elevated), and their interaction.ResultsThe reasons most frequently endorsed for wanting to learn amyloid PET result was a “desire to contribute to research on Alzheimer's disease dementia” and “to inform preventative measures [one] might take (e.g., change diet, exercise, or other lifestyle changes).” Overall, participants reported understanding the results and found learning them useful. Satisfaction with the study visits was overwhelmingly high, with over 80% agreeing with visit usefulness and their satisfaction. Few differences were found between participants who learned an elevated and not elevated result. Over the course of the study, participants who learned an elevated amyloid PET result reported higher willingness to enroll in drug trials (beta: 0.12, p = 0.01) and lifestyle interventions (beta: 0.10, p = 0.02) compared to participants who learned a not elevated result.DiscussionFormal incorporation of disclosure practices may encourage participant recruitment and retention within AD research.Highlights
Participants wanted to learn their amyloid results to contribute to research.
Satisfaction with disclosure and post‐disclosure visits was high overall.
Returning AD biomarkers can increase willingness to participate in research.
A diagram-free approach to the stochastic estimates in regularity structures
Authors: Linares Pablo , Otto Felix , Tempelmayr Markus , Tsatsoulis Pavlos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the version of Hairer’s regularity structures based on a greedier index set than trees, as introduced in (Otto et al. in A priori bounds for quasi-linear SPDEs in the full sub-critical regime, 2021, arXiv:2103.11039) and algebraically characterized in (Linares et al. in Comm. Am. Math. Soc. 3:1–64, 2023). More precisely, we construct and stochastically estimate the renormalized model postulated in (Otto et al. in A priori bounds for quasi-linear SPDEs in the full sub-critical regime, 2021, arXiv:2103.11039), avoiding the use of Feynman diagrams but still in a fully automated, i. e. inductive way. This is carried out for a class of quasi-linear parabolic PDEs driven by noise in the full singular but renormalizable range. We assume a spectral gap inequality on the (not necessarily Gaussian) noise ensemble. The resulting control on the variance of the model naturally complements its vanishing expectation arising from the BPHZ-choice of renormalization. We capture the gain in regularity on the level of the Malliavin derivative of the model by describing it as a modelled distribution. Symmetry is an important guiding principle and built-in on the level of the renormalization Ansatz. Our approach is analytic and top-down rather than combinatorial and bottom-up.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of MAKO robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty versus conventional manual total knee arthroplasty in uncomplicated unilateral total knee arthroplasty a single-centre retrospective analysis
Authors: Ma Nanshan , Sun Pengfei , Xin Pengfei , Zhong Sheng , Xie Jun , Xiao Lianbo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the efficacy and safety of MAKO robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty (MA-TKA) with conventional manual total knee arthroplasty (CM-TKA) in patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis (KOA) during the early postoperative period.

Method
A retrospective analysis was conducted on 22 patients with KOA who underwent MA-TKA and 26 patients who underwent CM-TKA from April 2023 to July 2023. Hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA), lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), American Knee Society Score (AKSS), Forgotten Joint Score-12 (FJS-12), visual analogue scale (VAS), and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the two groups.

Result
Both groups successfully completed the surgeries. In terms of radiographic parameters, postoperative one month LDFA and HKA in the MA-TKA group were significantly lower than those in the CM-TKA group (P < 0.05). At the one month follow-up, 19 patients (86.4%) in the MA-TKA group had an HKA less than 3°, compared to 20 patients (76.9%) in the CM-TKA group. Clinically, VAS scores at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h postoperatively were lower in the MA-TKA group both at rest and during activity. At one month and three months postoperatively, AKSS Function Scores and FJS-12 scores in the MA-TKA group were significantly higher than those in the CM-TKA group (P < 0.05). Regarding postoperative complications, no complications occurred in the MA-TKA group, while one patient in the CM-TKA group experienced postoperative knee stiffness, which resolved after physical therapy, with no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
Compared with conventional manual total knee arthroplasty, MAKO robot-assisted TKA demonstrates better short-term clinical efficacy, achieves better alignment planning, and maintains good safety.
Comprehensive risk management of reservoir landslide-tsunami hazard chains: a case study of the Liangshuijing landslide in the Three Gorges Reservoir area
Authors: Li Ye , Xie Xiaoxu , Jin Bijing , Chen Lixia , Liang Xin , Yin Kunlong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Landslide-induced tsunamis in reservoirs often pose greater risks than landslides themselves. Existing studies and mitigation practices have prioritized increasing landslide stability to meet safety standards, incurring high costs and lacking sustainability. More than 5000 landslides have developed along the Three Gorges Reservoir banks in China, and some may trigger tsunamis. To effectively and sustainably manage risk of landslide-tsunami hazard chains (LTHC), we propose a new framework (based on quantitative risk analysis) involves decision-making based on risk characteristics and local economies, a strategy for selecting optimal risk control plan through cost–benefit analyses that consider long-term effectiveness and adverse effects, and dynamic management through iterative risk reassessment-recontrol cycles. The Liangshuijing landslide accelerated in 2009, posing a tsunami threat to the Yangtze River and coastal residents. Post-mitigation, the risks under four mitigation plans and combined scenarios were quantitatively evaluated. The mass removal plan reduces total risk by approximately 68%, less than the 80% reduction from the anti-slip pile plan, but with a 30-fold greater benefit–cost ratio (BCR). The surface drainage and monitoring network plans show limited long-term cost-effectiveness due to short measure lifetimes, however, their short-term BCRs exceed those of the mass removal plan due to lower direct costs. According to comprehensive long and short-term analyses, combined plans involving mass removal are the most cost-effective. Our results reveal how to select appropriate strategies for managing LTHC risk, how landslide mitigation controls tsunami risks, and how time-related parameters affect solution effectiveness. Our findings show that partially mitigating risks may provide more cost-effective and sustainable management of LTHCs than eliminating risks to negligible levels.
The effects of collective trauma on Iowa farmers, their communities, and sustainability outcomes
Authors: Morris Chris , Arbuckle J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCollective trauma refers to psychological effects that are experienced by a group of people in response to shared traumatic conditions. Farmers represent a unique population that is chronically exposed to potentially traumatic events and conditions particular to the agricultural industry. Farming communities in Iowa have experienced the farm crisis of the 1980s, decades of extreme weather events, rapidly fluctuating markets, trade wars, rising input costs, farm bankruptcies and foreclosures, and high rates of farmer suicides. Exposure to such conditions can potentially have dramatic effects on the people who experience them and the communities they live in. While research exists examining the behavioral health aspects of stress in farmers, no studies have examined the lived experiences of farmers within the framework of collective trauma and its effects on decision-making. To investigate how Iowa farmers perceive their own experiences of these potential types of collective trauma, this study conducted in-depth semi-structured interviews with farmers and farmer-oriented behavioral health experts. Particular focus is placed on how collective trauma affects individual farmers, their families, and their farming communities, as well as how this type of trauma impacts farm management decisions and sustainability outcomes. Qualitative data were analyzed using a grounded theory approach to develop a theoretical framework describing how collective trauma, in the form of environmental, financial, and community threats, impacts farm management decisions and, in turn, affects environmental, economic, and social sustainability outcomes. Potential implications for how agricultural policy can potentially address the effects and systemic causes of trauma are discussed.
E-unitary and F-inverse monoids, and closure operators on group Cayley graphs
Authors: Szakács N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe show that the category of X-generated E-unitary inverse monoids with greatest group image G is equivalent to the category of G-invariant, finitary closure operators on the set of connected subgraphs of the Cayley graph of G. Analogously, we study F-inverse monoids in the extended signature $$(\cdot, 1, ^{-1}, ^\mathfrak m)$$

(
·
,
1

,

-
1

,
m

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, and show that the category of X-generated F-inverse monoids with greatest group image G is equivalent to the category of G-invariant, finitary closure operators on the set of all subgraphs of the Cayley graph of G. As an application, we show that presentations of F-inverse monoids in the extended signature can be studied by tools analogous to Stephen’s procedure in inverse monoids, in particular, we introduce the notions of F-Schützenberger graphs and P-expansions.
Revealing pore size distribution in cellulose and lignin-cellulose man-made fibers – effect of draw ratio and lignin content
Authors: Bengtsson Jenny , Johnsson Erica , Ulmefors Hanna , Köhnke Tobias , Maloney Thaddeus 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThere are limited methods available for measurement of the porosity of cellulose fibers, even more so for obtaining a pore size distribution. Conventional pore analysis methods require dry samples, with intact pores. However, pores in cellulose fibers collapse when dried from water and thus present a challenge for sample analysis. Furthermore, the pore collapse is partially irreversible which should be accounted for in the analysis. In this study, analysis of pore structure was carried out in the wet state with thermoporometry and also for critical point dried samples, analyzed with N2 sorption. This study determines the effect of fiber lignin content and certain spinning parameters on the pore size distribution of spun fibers before and after drying. It could also be concluded that solvent exchange, drying from a non-polar solvent will result in an altered pore size distribution, with a total pore volume greater than if dried from water, however not representative of the never-dried state. It is concluded that thermoporometry together with the water retention value (WRV) measurement is a powerful combination to acquire insights to the pore size distribution of spun fiber.
Balancing picking and outbound loading efficiency in an SBS/RS through a digital twin
Authors: Guerrazzi Emanuele , Mininno Valeria , Aloini Davide 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWarehouses are essential elements of almost every Supply Chain and have a significant impact on its performance. However, existing research on warehouse operations mainly aims at maximizing operational performance, neglecting their effect on downstream nodes. In this paper, we propose the use of a digital twin (DT) to support warehouse managers to identify the picking policy that most effectively balances picking and outbound loading efficiencies in an SBS/RS, with the aim of providing both a cost-effective and timely delivery to the subsequent nodes. The problem is set referring to a real case study of the logistics hub of a tire distributor company. The DT was built and validated based on real data from plant sensors and information systems. Afterwards, the DT was used to define three picking strategies that differently impact on both picking and outbound loading efficiency. The DT was then employed on a daily basis and fed with real orders, machine and rack availability to replicate stocking and picking operations and to directly communicate the recommended picking strategy to the warehouse PLC. Several demand scenarios have been considered to extend managerial inferences. Results show that the DT is a valuable tool to support the balancing of picking and outbound loading performance.
The electrical and dielectric features of Al/YbFeO3/p-Si/Al and Al/YbFe0.90Co0.10O3/p-Si/Al structures with interfacial perovskite-oxide layer depending on bias voltage and frequency
Authors: Coskun M. , Polat O. , Orak I. , Coskun F. M. , Yildirim Y. , Sobola D. , Sen C. , Durmus Z. , Caglar Y. , Caglar M. , Turut A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this investigation, thin films of YbFeO3, both in its pure form and doped with 10% Co, were fabricated on a p-Si substrate at 500 °C through the radio-frequency magnetron sputtering method. Examination via Scanning Electron Microscopy demonstrated a porous texture for the pure sample, contrasting with a smooth and crack-free surface post-Co doping. Analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy unveiled Yb’s 3 + oxidation state, alongside the presence of lattice oxygen, oxygen vacancies, and adsorbed oxygen evident in Gaussian fitting curves. Photoluminescence spectroscopy revealed an augmented emission intensity, likely attributed to increased defect initiation in the Co-doped specimen. Moreover, Raman spectroscopy was employed to identify vibration modes in the examined samples, demonstrating shifts in Raman peaks indicative of Co substitution and subsequent distortion in the crystal structure of YbFeO3. Electrical assessments were conducted at room temperature (300 K) under ambient conditions, employing voltage and frequency as variables. Capacitance–voltage measurements illustrated the emergence of an accumulation, with depletion and inversion regions manifesting at different frequencies based on the applied voltage, attributed to the YbFeO3 interfacial layer at the Al and p-Si interface. The conductance-voltage characteristics indicated that the structure exhibited maximum conductance in the accumulation region. Series resistance for these configurations was deduced from capacitance-conductance-voltage measurements, indicating a dependence on both bias voltage and frequency. The doping process led to a reduction in capacitance and series resistance, accompanied by an increase in conductance values. After obtaining corrected capacitance and conductance parameters, it became evident that series resistance significantly influences both parameters. Interface state density (Nss), determined through the Hill-Coleman relation demonstrated a decreasing trend with increasing frequency. The pure sample exhibited higher interface state density compared to the Co-doped sample at each frequency, highlighting that the 10% Co-doped YbFeO3 thin film enhances the quality of the metal–semiconductor interface properties compared to the pure contact.