bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting on patient’s body mass index (BMI) in recent clinical trials for patients with breast cancer: a systematic review
Authors: Van Cauwenberge Josephine , Van Baelen Karen , Maetens Marion , Geukens Tatjana , Nguyen Ha Linh , Nevelsteen Ines , Smeets Ann , Deblander Anne , Neven Patrick , Koolen Stijn , Wildiers Hans , Punie Kevin , Desmedt Christine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The proportion of patients with breast cancer and obesity is increasing. While the therapeutic landscape of breast cancer has been expanding, we lack knowledge about the potential differential efficacy of most drugs according to the body mass index (BMI). Here, we conducted a systematic review on recent clinical drug trials to document the dosing regimen of recent drugs, the reporting of BMI and the possible exclusion of patients according to BMI, other adiposity measurements and/or diabetes (leading comorbidity of obesity). We further explored whether treatment efficacy was evaluated according to BMI.

Methods
A search of Pubmed and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed to identify phase I-IV trials investigating novel systemic breast cancer treatments. Dosing regimens and exclusion based on BMI, adiposity measurements or diabetes, documentation of BMI and subgroup analyses according to BMI were assessed.

Results
495 trials evaluating 26 different drugs were included. Most of the drugs (21/26, 81%) were given in a fixed dose independent of patient weight. BMI was an exclusion criterion in 3 out of 495 trials. Patients with diabetes, the leading comorbidity of obesity, were excluded in 67/495 trials (13.5%). Distribution of patients according to BMI was mentioned in 8% of the manuscripts, subgroup analysis was performed in 2 trials. No other measures of adiposity/body composition were mentioned in any of the trials. Retrospective analyses on the impact of BMI were performed in 6 trials.

Conclusions
Patient adiposity is hardly considered as most novel drug treatments are given in a fixed dose. BMI is generally not reported in recent trials and few secondary analyses are performed. Given the prevalence of patients with obesity and the impact obesity can have on pharmacokinetics and cancer biology, more attention should be given by investigators and study sponsors to reporting patient’s BMI and evaluating its impact on treatment efficacy and toxicity.
START NOW WebApp—promoting emotion regulation and resilience in residential youth care and correctional institutions: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kersten Linda , Alfano Janine , Erlanger Tobias E. , Helfenstein Fabrice , Lanz Lelia , Weiss Stefan , Chilla Chiara , von Planta Beryll , Kapoor Madlaina , Borel Nathalie , Rocco Tabea , Papageorgiou Andreas , De Brito Catarina Fernandes , Bajrami Arzie , Savary Valentine , Mayor Melanie , Hurschler Jana , Traut Alex , Brunner Donja , Vriends Noortje , Stadler Christina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Adolescents and young adults in residential care and correctional institutions face various challenges, leading to negative life outcomes. Implementation barriers within these institutions, such as limited financial and spatial resources, pose significant hurdles to providing necessary support. Web-based approaches address these challenges by offering cost-effective, accessible solutions. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a newly developed web-based version of the existing evidence-based START NOW skills training in fostering emotion regulation and resilience among institutionalized adolescents and young adults. We present the study protocol (Version 5, August 2023) of the trial titled “Implementation of an e-version of the skills training START NOW for promoting emotion regulation and resilience in residential youth care and correctional institutions”.

Methods
The study is a monocentric, prospective, confirmatory randomized controlled trial with 150 institutionalized adolescents and young adults with a need to improve resilience (predefined cut-offs). Participating institutions will be randomized to one of three conditions: (i) 9-week web-based group training guided by a facilitator, (ii) 9-week web-based self-help training, (iii) and treatment as usual. The primary endpoint is the change in psychological flexibility, assessed by the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth score, from baseline to follow-up 12 weeks post skills training. Secondary objectives encompass assessing pre-post changes in psychological flexibility and other psychological health-related outcome measures in participating adolescents, young adults, and caretakers from baseline, to post training, and to 12- and 24-week follow-ups.

Discussion
This study evaluates the efficacy of START NOW as web-based training for institutionalized adolescents and young adults, providing valuable insights into web-based interventions and aiming to optimize support levels.

Trial registration {2a and 2b}
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05313581. Registered on 6 April 2022.
Polygenic risk score predicting susceptibility and outcome of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the Han Chinese
Authors: Hung Sheng-Chun , Chang Li-Wen , Hsiao Tzu-Hung , Lin Guan-Cheng , Wang Shian-Shiang , Li Jian-Ri , Chen I-Chieh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Given the high prevalence of BPH among elderly men, pinpointing those at elevated risk can aid in early intervention and effective management. This study aimed to explore that polygenic risk score (PRS) is effective in predicting benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) incidence, prognosis and risk of operation in Han Chinese.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study included 12,474 male participants (6,237 with BPH and 6,237 non-BPH controls) from the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative (TPMI). Genotyping was performed using the Affymetrix Genome-Wide TWB 2.0 SNP Array. PRS was calculated using PGS001865, comprising 1,712 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Logistic regression models assessed the association between PRS and BPH incidence, adjusting for age and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The study also examined the relationship between PSA, prostate volume, and response to 5-α-reductase inhibitor (5ARI) treatment, as well as the association between PRS and the risk of TURP.

Results
Individuals in the highest PRS quartile (Q4) had a significantly higher risk of BPH compared to the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.274–1.783, p < 0.0001), after adjusting for PSA level. The Q4 group exhibited larger prostate volumes and a smaller volume reduction after 5ARI treatment. The Q1 group had a lower cumulative TURP probability at 3, 5, and 10 years compared to the Q4 group. PRS Q4 was an independent risk factor for TURP.

Conclusions
In this Han Chinese cohort, higher PRS was associated with an increased susceptibility to BPH, larger prostate volumes, poorer response to 5ARI treatment, and a higher risk of TURP. Larger prospective studies with longer follow-up are warranted to further validate these findings.
A family perspective for the mechanism of parent-child conflict on maternal anxiety in Chinese children with autism
Authors: Du Xue , Sun Le , Dong Qi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Mothers of children with autism reported higher levels of anxiety than mothers of typical children. This study revealed the relationship between parent-child conflict, children’s problem behavior, parenting stress, and maternal anxiety from the perspective of the relationship within the family.

Methods
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Caregiver Strain Questionnaire (CGSQ) were used to measure maternal anxiety and parenting stress respectively from 102 mothers of children with autism. We also collected information on parent-child relationships and children’s problem behaviors by using the Child-Parent Relationship Scale (CPRS) and Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ).

Results
Parent-child conflict positively predicted state and trait anxiety in mothers of children with autism. The severity of children’s psychosomatic disorders fully mediated the positive association between parent-child conflict and state-trait anxiety in mothers of children with autism. Parenting stress significantly moderated the impact of parent-child conflict on maternal state anxiety and trait anxiety.

Conclusion
In the case of children with autism spectrum disorders, parent-child conflict can directly affect maternal anxiety levels, especially when mothers have low levels of parenting stress. Parent-child conflict can also affect children’s problem behaviors and thus indirectly affect maternal anxiety. Therefore, this study is of great significance for the alleviation of anxiety of mothers of autistic children and the family intervention for the early rehabilitation of autistic children.
Biomechanical properties of non-flight vibrations produced by bees
Authors: Vallejo-Marin Mario , Field David L. , Fornoni Juan , Montesinos Daniel , Dominguez Cesar A. , Hernandez Ivan , Vallejo Gillian C. , Woodrow Charlie , Ayala Barajas Ricardo , Jafferis Noah 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
Bees use thoracic vibrations produced by their indirect flight muscles for powering wingbeats in flight, but also during mating, pollination, defence and nest building. Previous work on non-flight vibrations has mostly focused on acoustic (airborne vibrations) and spectral properties (frequency domain). However, mechanical properties such as the vibration's acceleration amplitude are important in some behaviours, e.g. during buzz pollination, where higher amplitude vibrations remove more pollen from flowers. Bee vibrations have been studied in only a handful of species and we know very little about how they vary among species. In this study, we conducted the largest survey to date of the biomechanical properties of non-flight bee buzzes. We focused on defence buzzes as they can be induced experimentally and provide a common currency to compare among taxa. We analysed 15,000 buzzes produced by 306 individuals in 65 species and six families from Mexico, Scotland and Australia. We found a strong association between body size and the acceleration amplitude of bee buzzes. Comparison of genera that buzz-pollinate and those that do not suggests that buzz-pollinating bees produce vibrations with higher acceleration amplitude. We found no relationship between bee size and the fundamental frequency of defence buzzes. Although our results suggest that body size is a major determinant of the amplitude of non-flight vibrations, we also observed considerable variation in vibration properties among bees of equivalent size and even within individuals. Both morphology and behaviour thus affect the biomechanical properties of non-flight buzzes.
The logical status of history and the paradoxes of historicism
Authors: Demetriou Kyriakos 
Published: May 2024

Much of the philosophical project of Leo Strauss involved an attempt to restore pre-modern philosophy, yet the impetus for the reconsideration of the interpretative textual methodologies was undeniably of a modern complexion. Strauss not only took historicism as a threat to philosophy, as it replaced philosophic questions with historical questions, but also as a source for the intellectual crisis of the West. Over and above 20th-century political crisis there was an intellectual crisis, not unrelated to the belief in the mutability of values, in moral relativism resulting in a kind of nihilism. In a nutshell, historicism, in assuming that all human thought is historical, rejected the idea of philosophy as the attempt to grasp fundamental problems coeval with human thought – a rejection that ultimately amounts to a full critique of human thought as such. In his massive work, in both his historical and his strictly philosophical writings, Strauss pursued the restoration of political philosophy as a meaningful and urgent enterprise.
Libro: Educación Ambiental de maestros para maestros
Authors: Fernández-Huetos Nuria 
Published: May 2024

Reseña de Guevara Herrero, I., Esquivel Martín, T. y Pérez Martín, J. M. (2022). Educación ambiental de maestros para maestros. Dykinson. https://doi.org/10.14679/1999
Changes in substance use, recovery, and quality of life during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Lewandowski Megayn E. , Delawalla Colette N. , Butcher Tarah J. , Oberlin Brandon G. 
Published: May 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted lives on a massive scale. While the pandemic appeared to worsen mental health outcomes broadly, its effects on alcohol/substance use and recovery are unclear. Many studies convolved the sociopolitical unrest beginning in May 2020 with the pandemic. We assessed pandemic-related changes in substance use, recovery involvement, and quality of life among US adults at two specified time periods that isolated pandemic effects from potentially confounding sociopolitical factors.

Objectives
We tested the following hypotheses: the pandemic and consequent policies (1) increased use of alcohol and illicit substances in active users; (2) increased use of alcohol/substances among people in early recovery; (3) reduced participation in recovery activities among those in early recovery, and that (4) use amount and use events correlated with impulsivity in both groups and that (5) substance use and abstinence correlated with resilience.

Methods
We recruited 1,685 participants through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk). We assessed demographics, quality of life, alcohol/substance use, recovery activities, and measures of impulsivity and resilience at two time points, pre-pandemic and (early) during-pandemic. Only n = 45 (Active Users; males n = 32) and n = 34 (Recovery; males n = 20) passed data quality checks and were included in the primary analyses.

Results
Among Active Users, weekly alcohol consumption and days spent using alcohol and illicit substances decreased during the pandemic. Resilience negatively correlated with pandemic-related substance use in early recovering participants. Significant reduction in the quality of life was coincident with a trend of lower recovery activity participation (31% decline) during the pandemic.

Conclusions
The reduced alcohol/substance use and participation in recovery activities might be expected from conditions that promote social isolation. The high prevalence of low-quality data from MTurk cautions for careful use of online data sourcing.
Intravenous iron and iron deficiency anemia in patients with gastrointestinal cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Nandakumar Shankavi , Singh Navreet , Tharani Alliya Remtulla , Pankiw Maya , Brezden-Masley Christine 
Published: May 2024

Background
Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a prevalent hematological complication associated with gastrointestinal (GI) cancers due to an increased loss of iron and decreased iron absorption. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the use of parenteral iron to treat IDA in patients with GI cancer.

Methods
PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINHAL and Scopus were searched from January 1, 2010 to September 29, 2023 with no language restrictions. We excluded editorials, case reports, abstracts, conference papers, and poster presentations. Studies were included if they discussed IDA, GI neoplasms, use of iron supplementation (with or without erythropoietin-stimulating agents [ESAs]), defined anemia and had an adult patient population. We assessed the efficacy of parenteral iron in comparison to other iron supplementation methods when treating IDA in patients with GI cancer. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 (RoB 2) and the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-I) assessment tools were used to assess the quality of the included studies. Moreover, the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization data collection form was used to collect pertinent study information.

Results
Our search yielded 3,969 studies across all databases. Twenty-one studies were included (6 randomized control trials; 15 non-randomized studies). Of the 15 studies evaluating hemoglobin (Hb) response, seven studies found an increase in Hb levels when patients were treated with IV iron. The 14 studies evaluating red blood cell (RBC) transfusion rates found conflicting differences in RBC transfusion needs when treated with IV iron. Studies analyzing health related outcomes typically found an increase in quality of life and decreased post-operative complications.

Discussion
This review demonstrates improved outcomes of IDA in patients with GI cancer treated with IV iron instead of other iron supplementation methods. Timely diagnosis and appropriate IDA management can greatly improve quality of life in this patient population, especially if myelosuppressive chemotherapy is required.
Targeting skeletal muscle health with exercise in people with type 1 diabetes: A protocol for HOMET1D, a prospective observational trial with matched controls
Authors: Rebalka Irena A. , Noguchi Kenneth S. , Bulyovsky Kayla R. , Badour Matthew I. , Juracic Emma S. , Barrett Khandra , Brahmbhatt Aditya , Al-Khazraji Baraa , Punthakee Zubin , Perry Christopher G. R. , Kumbhare Dinesh A. , MacDonald Maureen J. , Hawke Thomas J. 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience a complex set of alterations to skeletal muscle metabolic, neuromuscular, and vascular health; collectively referred to as diabetic myopathy. While the full scope of diabetic myopathy is still being elucidated, evidence suggests that even when individuals with T1D are physically active, indices of myopathy still exist. As such, there is a question if adherence to current physical activity guidelines elicits improvements in skeletal muscle health indices similarly between individuals with and without T1D. The objectives of this trial are to: 1) compare baseline differences in skeletal muscle health between adults with and without T1D, 2) examine the association between participation in a home-based exercise program, detraining, and retraining, with changes in skeletal muscle health, and 3) examine the roles of age and sex on these associations.

Methods and analysis
This will be a prospective interventional trial. Younger (18–30 years) and older (45–65 years) males and females with T1D and matched individuals without T1D will engage in a four-phase, 18-week study sequentially consisting of a one-week lead-in period, 12-week exercise training program, one-week detraining period, and four-week retraining period. The exercise program will consist of aerobic and resistance exercise based on current guidelines set by Diabetes Canada. Metabolic, neuromuscular, and vascular outcome measures will be assessed four times: at baseline, post-exercise program, post-detraining, and post-retraining. Differences in baseline metrics between those with and without T1D will be examined with independent sample t-tests, and with two-way analyses of variance for age- and sex-stratified analyses. Changes across the duration of the study will be examined using mixed-model analyses.

Dissemination
Findings from this research will be shared locally and internationally with research participants, clinicians, diabetes educators, and patient advocacy organizations via in-person presentations, social media, and scientific fora.

Trial registration number
NCT05740514.
Cigarette smoke sustains immunosuppressive microenvironment inducing M2 macrophage polarization and viability in lung cancer settings
Authors: Bianchi Francesca , Le Noci Valentino , Bernardo Giancarla , Gagliano Nicoletta , Colombo Graziano , Sommariva Michele , Palazzo Michele , Dalle-Donne Isabella , Milzani Aldo , Pupa Serenella , Tagliabue Elda , Sfondrini Lucia 
Published: May 2024

Background
It is amply demonstrated that cigarette smoke (CS) has a high impact on lung tumor progression worsening lung cancer patient prognosis and response to therapies. Alteration of immune cell types and functions in smokers’ lungs have been strictly related with smoke detrimental effects. However, the role of CS in dictating an inflammatory or immunosuppressive lung microenvironment still needs to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the effect of in vitro exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) focusing on macrophages.

Methods
Immortalized murine macrophages RAW 264.7 cells were cultured in the presence of CS extract and their polarization has been assessed by Real-time PCR and cytofluorimetric analysis, viability has been assessed by SRB assay and 3D-cultures and activation by exposure to Poly(I:C). Moreover, interaction with Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC1) murine cell models in the presence of CS extract were analyzed by confocal microscopy.

Results
Obtained results indicate that CS induces macrophages polarization towards the M2 phenotype and M2-phenotype macrophages are resistant to the CS toxic activity. Moreover, CS impairs TLR3-mediated M2-M1 phenotype shift thus contributing to the M2 enrichment in lung smokers.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that, in lung cancer microenvironment of smokers, CS can contribute to the M2-phenotype macrophages prevalence by different mechanisms, ultimately, driving an anti-inflammatory, likely immunosuppressive, microenvironment in lung cancer smokers.
EFETIVIDADE DAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE EDUCAÇÃO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL EM ADULTOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Leão Graciele CristinaSilva , Corrêa Paula Nascente Rocha Mendes , Lemos Moisés Fernandes , Lucchese Roselma 
Published: May 2024

Introdução: Práticas alimentares inadequadas são consideradas fator de risco para doenças crônicas e a Educação Alimentar e Nutricional (EAN) tem se mostrado como estratégia efetiva para a adoção de hábitos alimentares saudáveis. Objetivou-se sistematizar o conhecimento científico acerca da efetividade de estratégias de educação alimentar e nutricional em adultos. Métodos: Realizou-se busca de artigos em maio de 2022 nas bases de dados Science Direct, PubMed e Periódicos Capes, com os descritores controlados em saúde: "Food and nutrition education" AND "effectiveness" AND "adult", publicados nos últimos cinco anos. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 18 artigos e verificou-se que as intervenções implementadas foram 83% efetivas (n=15), 11% parcialmente efetivas (n=2) e 6% promissora (n=1). Ações multicomponentes, com abordagens psicológicas, comportamentais e práticas, aliadas ao uso de tecnologia se mostraram efetivas. Conclusão: Faz-se necessária a continuidade de ações de educação alimentar e nutricional bem como políticas públicas de acesso alimentar bem estruturadas a fim de que as recomendações nutricionais sejam seguidas.
DESASTRES NATURAIS E SAÚDE: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMATIZADA DE LITERATURA
Authors: Oliver Sofia Lizarralde , Santana Keila Valente de Souza de , Ribeiro Helena 
Published: May 2024

RESUMO
É importante entender a interação entre desastres naturais e saúde pública sob o olhar da geografia, visando redução do risco, função essencial da saúde pública. Objetivo: identificar vazios conceituais na interação desastres naturais e saúde pública. Método: revisão sistematizada de literatura, com busca no PubMed®, biblioteca virtual de literatura biomédica, utilizando os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS/MeSH): “desastres naturais” e “saúde”. O critério de inclusão foi a presença de ambos descritores no título, resumo ou palavras-chave e, os critérios de exclusão, a ausência de ambas as palavras ou a presença de uma única. Através do método de identificação, seleção, elegibilidade e inclusão dos estudos, os trabalhos foram organizados em tabela e analisados. Resultados: Foram encontrados seis estudos, destes cinco atenderam aos critérios e foram analisados. Desastres climáticos foram os mais recorrentes nos estudos, entretanto à luz de relatórios oficiais os hidrológicos são os que causam maior número de vítimas. A produção na área da saúde sobre o tema desastres ainda é recente e escassa. A Geografia pode ter um importante papel na interconexão entre os dois temas. A revisão sistematizada de literatura é uma ferramenta para subsidiar a necessidade de estudos no tema.