bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can a random serum cortisol reduce the need for short synacthen tests in acute medical admissions?
Authors: Kadiyala R , Kamath C , Baglioni P , Geen J , Okosieme O E 
Published: May 2010

Background Short synacthen tests (SSTs) are frequently performed in medical inpatients with suspected adrenocortical insufficiency. The utility of a random or baseline serum cortisol in this setting is unclear. We determined random cortisol thresholds that safely preclude SSTs in acute medical admissions. Methods We analysed SSTs in acute non-critically ill general medical patients ( n = 166, median age 66, range 15–94 y; men 48%, women 52%). The SST was defined according to the 30-min cortisol as ‘pass’ (>550 nmol/L) or ‘fail’ (≤550 nmol/L). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were generated to determine the predictive value of the basal cortisol for a failed SST. Results Of 166 SSTs, a pass was seen in 127 (76.5%) tests, while 39 (23.5%) tests failed the SST. ROC curves showed that no single cut-off point of the baseline cortisol was adequately both sensitive and specific for failing the SST despite a good overall predictive value (area under curve 0.94; 95% confidence interval 0.89–0.98). A basal cortisol <420 nmol/L had 100% sensitivity and 54% specificity for failing the SST, while a basal cortisol <142 nmol/L had 100% specificity and 35% sensitivity. Restricting the SST to patients with a basal cortisol <420 nmol/L would have prevented 44% of SSTs while correctly identifying all patients who failed the SST. Conclusion A baseline serum cortisol may prevent unnecessary SSTs in medical inpatients with suspected adrenocortical insufficiency. However, SSTs are still indicated in patients with random cortisol <420 nmol/L, or where the suspicion of adrenal insufficiency is compelling.
Buchbesprechung
Authors: Voß Christian 
Published: May 2010

Zusammenfassung

Handbuch der deutschen Sprachminderheiten in Mittel- und Osteuropa. Hrsg. von Ludwig M. Eichinger, Albrecht Plewnia, Claudia M. Riehl. Tübingen: Gunter Narr 2008, 392 S., ISBN 978-3-8233-6298-2
Decreased Circulating Progenitor Cell Number and Failed Mechanisms of Stromal Cell-Derived Factor-1α Mediated Bone Marrow Mobilization Impair Diabetic Tissue Repair
Authors: Tepper Oren M. , Carr Jacquelyn , Allen Robert J. , Chang Christopher C. , Lin Clarence D. , Tanaka Rica , Gupta Sanjeev M. , Levine Jamie P. , Saadeh Pierre B. , Warren Stephen M. 
Published: May 2010

OBJECTIVE
Progenitor cells (PCs) contribute to postnatal neovascularization and tissue repair. Here, we explore the mechanism contributing to decreased diabetic circulating PC number and propose a novel treatment to restore circulating PC number, peripheral neovascularization, and tissue healing.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Cutaneous wounds were created on wild-type (C57BL/J6) and diabetic (Leprdb/db) mice. Blood and bone marrow PCs were collected at multiple time points.

RESULTS
Significantly delayed wound closure in diabetic animals was associated with diminished circulating PC number (1.9-fold increase vs. 7.6-fold increase in lin−/sca-1+/ckit+ in wild-type mice; P &lt; 0.01), despite adequate numbers of PCs in the bone marrow at baseline (14.4 ± 3.2% lin−/ckit+/sca1+ vs. 13.5 ± 2.8% in wild-type). Normal bone marrow PC mobilization in response to peripheral wounding occurred after a necessary switch in bone marrow stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) expression (40% reduction, P &lt; 0.01). In contrast, a failed switch mechanism in diabetic bone marrow SDF-1α expression (2.8% reduction) resulted in impaired PC mobilization. Restoring the bone marrow SDF-1α switch (54% reduction, P &lt; 0.01) with plerixafor (Mozobil, formerly known as AMD3100) increased circulating diabetic PC numbers (6.8 ± 2.0-fold increase in lin−/ckit+, P &lt; 0.05) and significantly improved diabetic wound closure compared with sham-treated controls (32.9 ± 5.0% vs. 11.9 ± 3% at day 7, P &gt; 0.05; 73.0 ± 6.4% vs. 36.5 ± 7% at day 14, P &lt; 0.05; and 88.0 ± 5.7% vs. 66.7 ± 5% at day 21, P &gt; 0.05, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Successful ischemia-induced bone marrow PC mobilization is mediated by a switch in bone marrow SDF-1α levels. In diabetes, this switch fails to occur. Plerixafor represents a potential therapeutic agent for improving ischemia-mediated pathology associated with diabetes by reducing bone marrow SDF-1α, restoring normal PC mobilization and tissue healing.
Reliability of Ankle Isometric, Isotonic, and Isokinetic Strength and Power Testing in Older Women
Authors: Webber Sandra C. , Porter Michelle M. 
Published: May 2010

BackgroundAnkle strength (force-generating capacity) and power (work produced per unit of time or product of strength and speed) capabilities influence physical function (eg, walking, balance) in older adults. Although strength and power parameters frequently are measured with dynamometers, few studies have examined the reliability of measurements of different types of contractions.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine relative and absolute intrarater reliability of isometric, isotonic, and isokinetic ankle measures in older women.DesignThis was a prospective, descriptive methodological study.MethodsThe following dorsiflexion (DF) and plantar-flexion (PF) measures were assessed twice (7 days apart) by the same examiner in 30 older women (mean age=73.3 years, SD=4.7): isometric peak torque and rate of torque development (RTD), isotonic peak velocity, average acceleration and peak power, and isokinetic peak torque and peak power (30°/s and 90°/s). Several statistical methods were used to examine relative and absolute reliability.ResultsIntraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for the DF tests (ICC=.76–.97) were generally higher than ICCs for matched PF tests (ICC=.58–.93). Measures of absolute reliability (eg, coefficient of variation of the typical error [CVTE]) also demonstrated more reliable values for DF tests (5%–18%) compared with PF tests (7%–37%). Isotonic peak velocity tests at minimal loads were associated with the lowest CVTE and ratio limits of agreement values for both DF (5% and 14%, respectively) and PF (7% and 18%, respectively). Isometric RTD variables were the least reliable (CVTE=16%–37%).LimitationsThis study was limited to a relatively homogeneous sample of older women.ConclusionsTest-retest reliability was adequate for determining changes at the group level for all strength and power variables except isometric RTD. Minimal detectable change scores were determined to assist clinicians in assessing meaningful change over time in ankle strength and power measurements within individuals.
Scar formation in the carotid sheath identified during carotid endarterectomy in patients with previous cardiac surgery: significance of history of intraoperative Swan-Ganz catheter insertion
Authors: Yoshida Kenji , Ogasawara Kuniaki , Kobayashi Masakazu , Tsuboi Junichi , Okabayashi Hitoshi , Ogawa Akira 
Published: May 2010

Object
Scar formation in the carotid sheath is often identified during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in patients with previous cardiac surgery, and dissection of the carotid sheath and exposure of the carotid arteries in such patients are difficult. The purpose of the present study was to investigate factors related to scar formation identified during CEA in patients with previous cardiac surgery.

Methods
Twenty-three patients with internal carotid artery stenosis (≥ 70%) and previous cardiac surgery underwent CEA. A patient was prospectively defined as having scar formation during CEA when scissors were required throughout dissection of the carotid sheath and exposure of the carotid arteries.

Results
Scar formation was identified during dissection of the carotid sheath in 7 patients (30.4%). In all 7 patients, the side of CEA was identical to the side on which the Swan-Ganz catheter was inserted during cardiac surgery, and the incidence of previous ipsilateral Swan-Ganz catheter insertion was significantly higher in patients with the scar formation (100%) than in those without (31.3%). Seven (58.3%) of 12 patients with a history of ipsilateral Swan-Ganz catheter insertion had scar formation. Two of the 7 patients with scar formation experienced complications after CEA, including one patient with hemiparesis due to artery-to-artery embolism during surgery, and another patient with transient vocal cord paralysis.

Conclusions
A history of Swan-Ganz catheter insertion during previous cardiac surgery is associated with the presence of scar tissue in the ipsilateral carotid sheath and a higher risk of complications during CEA.
Quantification of clival and paraclival exposure in the Le Fort I transmaxillary transpterygoid approach: a microanatomical study
Authors: Boari Nicola , Roberti Fabio , Biglioli Federico , Caputy Anthony J. , Mortini Pietro 
Published: May 2010

Object
The authors describe a modified Le Fort I maxillotomy with medial and posterior antrectomy and removal of the pterygoid plates, aimed at improving the lateral surgical exposure during open transmaxillary surgery for pathological conditions involving the clivus. A cadaveric microanatomical study was conducted to compare the planimetric exposures allowed by the transmaxillary transpterygoid (TMTP) approach and the standard Le Fort I maxillotomy (STM).

Methods
Six cadaveric specimens that had been fixed with glutaraldehyde and injected with latex were dissected to obtain morphometric measurements after both TMTP and STM approaches. The anatomical areas exposed by the surgical approaches were calculated using ImageJ 1.37a software.

Results
As expected, the TMTP approach allowed for a greater surgical exposure, with an incremental area exposed ranging from 4.9 to 7.6 cm2 (mean ± standard deviation 6.4 ± 1.2 cm2, 95% CI 5.4–7.4 cm2). The amount of additional anatomical area visualized, as recorded as a percentage increase after the TMTP approach when compared with the STM approach, ranged from 83 to 109% (mean 99%).

Conclusions
The lateral surgical exposure allowed by the STM approach is limited by the pterygoid plates. The TMTP approach significantly improves the exposure of the anatomical regions lateral to the clivus, allowing access to the pterygopalatine and medial infratemporal fossae. In comparison with the STM, the TMTP approach allows for a surgical exposure that is nearly double. The authors conclude that the TMTP approach provides a significant improvement in the surgical exposure of the lateral paraclival areas, when compared with the STM approach.
Pigeon-vole ! Re-connaissance d'une gravure armoricaine du Ve millénaire
Authors: Cassen Serge 
Published: May 2010

A "flushed " bird is engraved on the Bronzo stela, in full flight, its head turned to the exterior, superposed over a white quartz vein; a crook, equally treated in cut-away engraving, bars its passage. At a first reading, a plausible identification of the bird seemed to prevail and the Columbidae met with our approval. However, more deliberate analysis and an effort at the graphic deconstruction of the motif allows the identification to be reconsidered and improved, by describing the various filters authorising the rejection of such or such a category, finally preserving the best claimants to the only possible confrontation, opposing Corvidae to Columbidae. The Bronzo representation is equivalent in substance and in structure to the scenes on the neighbouring stelae where a phallus is opposed to the sharp edge of an axe blade (Mané Rutual), while a sperm-whale confronts the coalition of animals and human tools (Table des Marchand). However Bronzo is a deformed toponym, untranslatable as such; why not search in a more or less recent past, through some unavoidable semantic or linguistic evolution, for traces of a probable or possible mutation of the word ? At the end of a brief investigation, we suggest that the expression Men Bran Sao, "The Stone of the Standing Raven", known from the early 19th century, is the name of this monolith.
Nevertheless, the last time that a bird was directly observed on this stela was during the 5th millennium; the two closely connected fragments, on the model of the neighbouring Grand Menhir, prove that the stone has not been displaced since that distant period. We consequently propose this explanatory hypothesis to explain in Bronzo such a radical change of name: a zoomorphic mythical entity that we recognize as a pigeon, attached since time immemorial to the stela in question, passed under the influence of the Brittonic language and the new culture to the designation of another ornithological entity, the raven. If a bird as clearly identified as the Bronzo has played a determining role in the mythical Neolithic Armorican bestiary, like the sperm-whale, a scientific step is now necessary to find some hidden occurrences in other poorly understood signs, since such an important representation in our interpretive schema, unique in Brittany, cannot remain isolated. We correspondingly claim, in this coherent and logical research prolonging the Bronzo discovery, that the only possible appropriate solution for the famous "horn" signs is a bird shown full on, inflight, with spread wings.
Variabilité des modalités de débitage et des productions lithiques dans les industries moustériennes de la grotte de l'Arbreda, secteur alpha (Serinyà, Espagne)
Authors: Duran Jean-Pierre , Soler Narcís 
Published: May 2010

L’Arbreda, secteur alpha, fouillé en 1972 par J. M. Corominas, présente une stratigraphie moustérienne de plus de 3 mètres (couches 30 à 44), comprise entre le début du stade isotopique 5 et le stade 3. Les sept ensembles stratigraphiques moustériens (G à A) se sont déposés durant des phases fortement humides et humides/ fraîches (G à F), froides à extrêmement froides (E à C), puis plus tempéreés-fraîches (B à A). Les différents ensembles industriels de l’Arbreda peuvent être rattachés typologiquement au grand complexe du Moustérien typique méditerranéen de la frange orientale des Pyrénées, bien que fortement marqués
par des influences charentiennes. L’abondance des collections (près de
14 000 pièces) et la variabilité des types de matières premières (porphyres, cornéennes, grès, calcaires, lydiennes et plusieurs types de quartz, quartzites et silex), toutes en quantités importantes, permettent différentes approches technologiques. Les patrimoines techniques hérités, les capacités d’adaptabilité et de compréhension des roches ainsi que leur mise en oeuvre, sont recherchés par la variabilité des méthodes et des techniques de production pour chaque type de roche à partir d’une approche diachronique. Selon une approche chronologique et toutes matières premières confondues sont décelées les évolutions générales des techniques et des modalités de production ainsi que leurs différentes associations intégrées par ces groupes moustériens sur une période de 80 000 ans. D’autant plus qu’une assez forte cohésion typologique se dessine tout au long de la stratigraphie. Cette continuité peut laisser entrevoir une certaine stabilité des groupes moustériens dans le sens de l’héritage et du patrimoine culturels. Ces études sont favorisées aussi par la continuité des grandes lignes technologiques de débitage qui s’articulent autour des méthodes discoïdes et Levallois. De ce fait, il est possible d’appréhender les évolutions et les associations technologiques importantes au travers de leurs différentes modalités.
La memoria del monarca: Alfonso X, testigo de Pero Marín (Miraculos romançados, 4)
Authors: Arizaleta Amaia 
Published: May 2010

El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar en detalle uno solo de los noventa y un textos que componen la obra conocida bajo el título de «Miraculos romançados», compuesta a instancias del monje silense Pero Marín en la segunda mitad del siglo XIII. Se trata de enmarcar dicho «miraculo» en su contexto narrativo más inmediato. Éste pone en escena, de modo particularmente sugestivo, a Alfonso X y el estudio pormenorizado del texto confi rma que la historia de Silos estuvo, en la segunda mitad del siglo XIII y primera del
XIV, muy ligada a la monarquía, siendo la fi gura del soberano testigo de la escritura de los monjes.
Les avatars bleus
Authors: Casilli Antonio 
Published: May 2010

Au cours des années 90, un fantôme a hanté l'imaginaire global : la silhouette d'un corps androgyne, glabre, élancé — et bleu. Il s'agit de l'« avatar, l'équivalent à l'écran du corps des internautes branchés dans les royaumes désincarnés du virtuel ». C'est dans le cadre de la cyber-culture américaine et européenne que cette icône populaire s'est imposée, gagnant le grand public jusqu'à devenir l'empreinte stylistique de la décennie 90.
Cet article restitue une histoire et une cartographie de cette construction imaginaire. En délinéant les contributions du postmodernisme universitaire, du féminisme, du New Age, des bandes dessinées et de la culture pop à la structuration d 'un pattern mythographique suscitant ce « corps virtuel » bleu, l'auteur énonce trois modalités d'emprunt culturel : un emprunt ironique (détournement) , un emprunt idéologique (propagande) et un emprunt atypique (interférence de substratum).
Quelques apports des enregistrements infrarouges à la connaissance du milieu physico-géographique
Authors: Tricart Jean , Husson André 
Published: May 2010

Some teachings of infrared recordings about physical geography.

The Saint-Pons country, at the eastern border of the Montagne Noire, was taken for an example. Aerial records were made in July 1970, February 1971 and June 1971. They consist of panchromatic, infrared black-and-white, ektachrome and infrared false-coloured high-scaled (1/12,000 to 1/17,000) photographs and of 1/70,000 night and day scanners in the 3.5-5 micron interval. A collective survey is made in the Centre de Geographie appliquée (Laboratoire associé au C.N.R.S., université Louis-Pasteur, Strasbourg) to recognize the visible things on the recordings, to determine what recording times are the most favourable according to the studied themes and the tuners, to define the methods of use of the recordings in the integrated study of the physical environment.
The mode of approach is exposed. The main identification results of the visible things are shown in the table page 405. The infrared light is not very piercing, which occasions convergence phenomena that are resolved by studying the field, chiefly thanks to a detailed geomorphological cartography made according to the method of the R.C.P. n° 77 (Geomorphological Maps). Thus, for instance, a marsh, a bare micaschist land, a periglacial stone-covered and ploughed slope are alike on the false-colour infrared shot. It is necessary to do a careful check up on the field and to work at the same time on the different recordings of the same mission and on the same recording type of the different missions.
Scanners were rather disappointing because of the roughness of the land : in the greatest part of the perimeter there are 20° slopes. As the thermic radiations are emitted vertically, their incidence angle on the tuner is far from 90°, which impedes the recording. This technic encounters better results in flat countries.
Vegetation plays a great role in recordings. The high reflectivity of chlorophyll enables to recognize the physiognomy-types of vegetation and, in some climatic cases, the health condition of plants. In a moderate drought their health depends largely on water-feeding. Thus there are new possibilities for the hydrological survey of soils.
Infrared light enables to catch an energetic aspect of natural units. We think it will enable to make important steps in the making of balance-sheets which will bring together physical geographers and ecologists. From that point of view, it improves considerably our environmental perception for it gives us access to a true fourth dimension, energy. It seems to us the use of teledetection recordings will play a more important role in physical geography than aerial photograph.
Types d'interactions et genres de l'oral
Authors: Kerbrat-Orecchioni Catherine , Traverso Véronique 
Published: May 2010

Catherine Kerbrat-Orecchioni, Véronique traverso: Oral communication: genres and types of interaction.
In order to investigate the issue of genre in oral communication, we take as our starting point two separate uses of this concept: one refers to culturally-socially recognized types of text and the other to forms of discourse organisation. When applied to oral communication, the former corresponds to Hymes' speech events or Levinson's activity types, whereas the latter is more aptly described in terms of linguistic, pragmatic and rhetoric features. With this as a foundation, the paper deals with the way in which these two facets can be reconciled, the aim being 1) to sketch out a theoretical model of interaction and 2) to take into account the practical problems one is faced with when analyzing naturally occuring data.
Linguistique de corpus, genres textuels, temps et personnes
Authors: Malrieu Denise 
Published: May 2010

Denise Malrieu : Linguistique de corpus, genres textuels, temps et personnes.
After having specified our concept of the "genre" as dependent on the fields of practice, the semiotic tools brought into play and the standards of communication regulating the enunciative situations, results are presented of a comparative statistical analysis of the categories of verbal tense and persons i) on a large corpus of tagged texts of contrasted domains, generic fields, and genres and ii) on a more restricted corpus of novels (genre that shows a great variability) according to marked parts dialogues/récit of the narrator and according to the type of narration (1S vs. 3S, past vs. present).
Textes journalistiques et analyse contrastive du genre en didactique
Authors: Facques Benedicte , Sanders Carol 
Published: May 2010

Bénédicte Facques, Carol Sanders : Textes journalistiques et analyse contrastive du genre en didactique.
This article gives a critical overview of the application of genre theory to the analysis of journalistic discourse, and attempts to marry the use of a "top-down" ("French") approach with a "bottom-up" ("Anglophone") approach in the analysis of a short journalistic text.
La dimension métalinguistique dans les activités scolaires d'apprentissage de la lecture
Authors: Branca-Rosoff Sonia , Gomila Corinne 
Published: May 2010

Corinne Gomila & Sonia Branca-Rosoff: The metalinguistic dimension of school reading pedagogy.
Based upon data gathered in twelve classrooms, the aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of metalinguistic activity associated with the teaching of reading. Three types of metalinguistic treatments are observed; 1) autonymy alone when the schoolmasters repeat and validate or invalidate pupil sentences; 2) autonymy accompanied by units of ordinary language such as words, small words, bits of words... 3) Finally, the beginning of a grammatical nomenclature. However, even this last category have pragmatical dimension related to reading activity. It is quite different from the scholarly categories, which belong to academic disciplines (grammar and linguistics).