bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FERRAMENTAS DE EDUCAÇÃO PERMANENTES EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: De Lima Jessyellen Pereira , Suênia Bezerra da Silva Rávila , Márcia Resende e Almeida Santos Cunha Sabrina , Driely Silva de Moura Laedja 
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A educação permanente em saúde compõe diferentes formações, propondo fortalecer as equipes e gerando maior qualidade no trabalho. O foco no cotidiano faz com que o profissional de saúde esteja sempre em busca de melhorias nas práticas e na melhor resolução dos problemas. Com o advento da pandemia da covid-19, houve necessidade de mudanças na organização do atendimento no âmbito do sistema único de saúde, resultando necessidades do desenvolvimento de ações de educação permanente direcionando o cuidado ao paciente e promovendo prevenção a saúde do trabalhador. Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias utilizadas durante a pandemia da covid-19 para efetuação das ações de educação permanente em Saúde. Método: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura através da consulta de dados nas plataformas online: Scielo, Lilacs e Medline. Resultados: Foram encontrados 58 artigos, dos quais foram excluídos os que não respondiam ao objetivo de estudo (30 artigos), contidos em mais de uma plataforma (6 artigos), e (2 artigos) não permitiam o acesso gratuito. Conclusão: A pandemia da Covid-19 trouxe desafios importantes e a capacidade de respostas às novas demandas. Assim, a educação permanente se tornou fundamental, de capacitação e instrumentalização sendo exemplos mais utilizados para isso as ferramentas tecnológicas e interativas.
Centralized full-duplex seamless photonic mmW fronthaul link based on phase modulation
Authors: Bohata J. , Botella-Campos M. , Mora J. , Ortega B. , Zvánovec S. 
Published: May 2024

We experimentally demonstrate a photonic full-duplex seamless millimeter wave fronthaul link, based on phase modulation, to address the challenges arising from the increased demands on the mobile fronthaul capacity and network densification toward 5G and beyond. The proposed system relies on phase modulation techniques, implemented at both the central office (CO) and remote radio head (RRH), to achieve optical frequency up-conversion of the downlink (DL) signal and optical modulation of the down-converted uplink (UL) signal. Furthermore, our approach includes the frequency down-conversion of the 40 GHz UL signal through an optically generated local oscillator (LO) signal in the RRH, while the laser employed for UL data transmission is situated at the CO, simplifying the remote site’s equipment. An optical waveshaper serves here as a programmable optical filter to provide signals for DL frequency up-conversion, LO generation, and also the optical carrier for UL transmission. In our experimental validation, we have tested our proposed system using 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (64-QAM) for the DL at a frequency of 41 GHz and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) for the UL at a frequency of 40 GHz. Notably, our results demonstrate the successful transmission of up to 200 MHz bandwidth for both digital modulation schemes, all while maintaining the error vector magnitude (EVM) well below the specified threshold. Additionally, when employing 5G new radio (NR) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) signals with the same modulation formats for both links in full-duplex communication, we achieved EVM values as low as 5.2% for the DL and 6.9% for the UL, further highlighting the efficacy and robustness of our proposed solution.
Deterministic preparation of optical qubits with coherent feedback control
Authors: Rouillard Amy , Permaul Tanita , Goyal Sandeep K. , Konrad Thomas 
Published: May 2024

We propose a class of preparation schemes for orbital angular momentum and polarization qubits carried by single photons or classical states of light based on coherent feedback control by an ancillary degree of freedom of light. The preparation methods use linear optics and include the transcription of an arbitrary polarization state onto a two-level OAM system (swap) for arbitrary OAM values ±ℓ within a light beam, i.e., without a spatial interferometer. The preparations can be carried out with unit efficiency independent from the potentially unknown initial state of the system. The swap scheme also allows us to implement arbitrary unitary gates on OAM qubits (±ℓ) by reducing them to polarization gates. In addition, we show how to translate measurement-based qubit control channels into coherent feedback schemes for optical implementation.
Financial hardship among patients suffering from neglected tropical diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global literature
Authors: Patikorn Chanthawat , Cho Jeong-Yeon , Higashi Joshua , Huang Xiao Xian , Chaiyakunapruk Nathorn 
Published: May 2024

Introduction
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) mainly affect underprivileged populations, potentially resulting in catastrophic health spending (CHS) and impoverishment from out-of-pocket (OOP) costs. This systematic review aimed to summarize the financial hardship caused by NTDs.

Methods
We searched PubMed, EMBASE, EconLit, OpenGrey, and EBSCO Open Dissertations, for articles reporting financial hardship caused by NTDs from database inception to January 1, 2023. We summarized the study findings and methodological characteristics. Meta-analyses were performed to pool the prevalence of CHS. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 statistic.

Results
Ten out of 1,768 studies were included, assessing CHS (n = 10) and impoverishment (n = 1) among 2,761 patients with six NTDs (Buruli ulcer, chikungunya, dengue, visceral leishmaniasis, leprosy, and lymphatic filariasis). CHS was defined differently across studies. Prevalence of CHS due to OOP costs was relatively low among patients with leprosy (0.0–11.0%), dengue (12.5%), and lymphatic filariasis (0.0–23.0%), and relatively high among patients with Buruli ulcers (45.6%). Prevalence of CHS varied widely among patients with chikungunya (11.9–99.3%) and visceral leishmaniasis (24.6–91.8%). Meta-analysis showed that the pooled prevalence of CHS due to OOP costs of visceral leishmaniasis was 73% (95% CI; 65–80%, n = 2, I2 = 0.00%). Costs of visceral leishmaniasis impoverished 20–26% of the 61 households investigated, depending on the costs captured. The reported costs did not capture the financial burden hidden by the abandonment of seeking healthcare.

Conclusion
NTDs lead to a substantial number of households facing financial hardship. However, financial hardship caused by NTDs was not comprehensively evaluated in the literature. To develop evidence-informed strategies to minimize the financial hardship caused by NTDs, studies should evaluate the factors contributing to financial hardship across household characteristics, disease stages, and treatment-seeking behaviors.
Influence of hydrometeorological risk factors on child diarrhea and enteropathogens in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Grembi Jessica A. , Nguyen Anna T. , Riviere Marie , Heitmann Gabriella Barratt , Patil Arusha , Athni Tejas S. , Djajadi Stephanie , Ercumen Ayse , Lin Audrie , Crider Yoshika , Mertens Andrew , Karim Md Abdul , Islam Md Ohedul , Miah Rana , Famida Syeda L. , Hossen Md Saheen , Mutsuddi Palash , Ali Shahjahan , Rahman Md Ziaur , Hussain Zahir , Shoab Abul K. , Haque Rashidul , Rahman Mahbubur , Unicomb Leanne , Luby Stephen P. , Arnold Benjamin F. , Bennett Adam , Benjamin-Chung Jade 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundA number of studies have detected relationships between weather and diarrhea. Few have investigated associations with specific enteric pathogens. Understanding pathogen-specific relationships with weather is crucial to inform public health in low-resource settings that are especially vulnerable to climate change.ObjectivesOur objectives were to identify weather and environmental risk factors associated with diarrhea and enteropathogen prevalence in young children in rural Bangladesh, a population with high diarrheal disease burden and vulnerability to weather shifts under climate change.MethodsWe matched temperature, precipitation, surface water, and humidity data to observational longitudinal data from a cluster-randomized trial that measured diarrhea and enteropathogen prevalence in children 6 months-5.5 years from 2012–2016. We fit generalized additive mixed models with cubic regression splines and restricted maximum likelihood estimation for smoothing parameters.ResultsComparing weeks with 30°C versus 15°C average temperature, prevalence was 3.5% higher for diarrhea, 7.3% higher for Shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC), 17.3% higher for enterotoxigenicE.coli(ETEC), and 8.0% higher forCryptosporidium. Above-median weekly precipitation (median: 13mm; range: 0-396mm) was associated with 29% higher diarrhea (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.29, 95% CI 1.07, 1.55); higherCryptosporidium, ETEC, STEC,Shigella,Campylobacter,Aeromonas, and adenovirus 40/41; and lowerGiardia, sapovirus, and norovirus prevalence. Other associations were weak or null.DiscussionHigher temperatures and precipitation were associated with higher prevalence of diarrhea and multiple enteropathogens; higher precipitation was associated with lower prevalence of some enteric viruses. Our findings emphasize the heterogeneity of the relationships between hydrometeorological variables and specific enteropathogens, which can be masked when looking at composite measures like all-cause diarrhea. Our results suggest that preventive interventions targeted to reduce enteropathogens just before and during the rainy season may more effectively reduce child diarrhea and enteric pathogen carriage in rural Bangladesh and in settings with similar meteorological characteristics, infrastructure, and enteropathogen transmission.
Great genetic diversity of vector-borne bacteria and protozoan in wild rodents from Guangxi, China
Authors: Xue Jing , Chen Si-Si , Jian Rui , Chen Guo-Qing , Qin Xincheng , Lu Miao , Wang Wen , Xie Guang-Cheng , Du Luanying , Li Kun , Guo Wen-Ping 
Published: May 2024

Background
Rodents are recognized as the hosts of many vector-borne bacteria and protozoan parasites and play an important role in their transmission and maintenance. Intensive studies have focused on their infections in vectors, especially in ticks, however, vector-borne bacterial and protozoan infections in rodents are poorly understood although human cases presenting with fever may due to their infection have been found.

Methods
From May to October 2019, 192 wild rodents were trapped in wild environment of Guangxi Province, and the spleen samples were collected to reveal the presence of vector-borne bacterial and protozoan infections in them. The microorganisms in rodents were identified by detecting their DNA using (semi-)nested PCR. All the PCR products of the expected size were subjected to sequencing, and then analyzed by BLASTn. Furthermore, all the recovered sequences were subjected to nucleotide identity and phylogenetic analyses.

Results
As a result, 192 rodents representing seven species were captured, and Bandicota indica were the dominant species, followed by Rattus andamanensis. Based on the (semi-)nested PCR, our results suggested that Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma capra, Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, “Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis”, “Candidatus E. hainanensis”, “Candidatus E. zunyiensis”, three uncultured Ehrlichia spp., Bartonella coopersplainsensis, Bartonella tribocorum, Bartonella rattimassiliensis, Bartonella silvatica, two uncultured Bartonella spp., Babesia microti and diverse Hepatozoon were identified in six rodent species. More importantly, six species (including two Anaplasma, two Bartonella, “Ca. N. mikurensis” and Bab. microti) are zoonotic pathogens except Anaplasma bovis and Anaplasma ovis with zoonotic potential. Furthermore, dual infection was observed between different microorganisms, and the most common type of co-infection is between “Ca. N. mikurensis” and other microorganisms. Additionally, potential novel Bartonella species and Hepatozoon species demonstrated the presence of more diverse rodent-associated Bartonella and Hepatozoon.

Conclusions
The results in this work indicated great genetic diversity of vector-borne infections in wild rodents, and highlighted the potential risk of human pathogens transmitted from rodents to humans through vectors.
Determinants of severe maternal outcome in Keren hospital, Eritrea: An unmatched case-control study
Authors: Zewde Henos Kiflom 
Published: May 2024

Background
In the past few decades, several studies on the determinants and risk factors of severe maternal outcome (SMO) have been conducted in various developing countries. Even though the rate of maternal mortality in Eritrea is among the highest in the world, little is known regarding the determinants of SMO in the country. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify determinants of SMO among women admitted to Keren Provincial Referral Hospital.

Methods
A facility based unmatched case-control study was conducted in Keren Hospital. Women who encountered SMO event from January 2018 to December 2020 were identified retrospectively from medical records using the sub-Saharan Africa maternal near miss (MNM) data abstraction tool. For each case of SMO, two women with obstetric complication who failed to meet the sub-Saharan MNM criteria were included as controls. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed using SPSS version-22 to identify factors associated with SMO.

Results
In this study, 701 cases of SMO and 1,402 controls were included. The following factors were independently associated with SMO: not attending ANC follow up (AOR: 4.53; CI: 3.15–6.53), caesarean section in the current pregnancy (AOR: 3.75; CI: 2.69–5.24), referral from lower level facilities (AOR: 11.8; CI: 9.1–15.32), residing more than 30 kilometers away from the hospital (AOR: 2.97; CI: 2.29–3.85), history of anemia (AOR: 2.36; CI: 1.83–3.03), and previous caesarean section (AOR: 3.49; CI: 2.17–5.62).

Conclusion
In this study, lack of ANC follow up, caesarean section in the current pregnancy, referral from lower facilities, distance from nearest health facility, history of anaemia and previous caesarean section were associated with SMO. Thus, improved transportation facilities, robust referral protocol and equitable distribution of emergency facilities can play vital role in reducing SMO in the hospital.
Are young and older children with diarrhea presenting in the same way?
Authors: Nuzhat Sharika , Alam Baharul , Hasan S. M. Tafsir , Shaima Shamsun Nahar , Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Faruque A. S. G. , Das Rina , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: May 2024

Background
Diarrhoea is a global health problem. More than a quarter of diarrhoeal deaths occur among children less than five years. Different literatures analyzed presentation and outcomes of less than five diarrhoeal children. The world has made remarkable progress in reducing child mortality. So, older children are growing in number. Our aim was to identify clinical differentials and variations of pathogens among younger (less than five) and older (five to nine years) diarrhoeal children.

Method
Data were extracted from the diarrhoeal disease surveillance system (DDSS) of Dhaka Hospital (urban site) and Matlab Hospital (rural site) of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh for the period of January 2012 to December 2021. Out of 28,781 and 12,499 surveillance patients in Dhaka and Matlab Hospital, 614 (2.13%) and 278 (2.22%) children were five to nine—years of age, respectively. Among under five children, 2456 from Dhaka hospital and 1112 from Matlab hospital were selected randomly for analysis (four times of five to nine years age children, 1:4).

Results
Vomiting, abdominal pain, and dehydrating diarrhoea were significantly higher in older children in comparison to children of less than five years age (p-value <0.05) after adjusting study site, gender, antibiotic use before hospitalization, diarrhoeal duration < 24 hours, intake of oral rehydration fluid at home, parental education, WASH practice and history of cough. Vibrio. cholerae, Salmonella, and Shigella were the common fecal pathogen observed among older children compared to under five after adjusting for age, gender and study site.

Conclusion
Although percentage of admitted diarrhoeal children with five to nine years is less than under five years children but they presented with critical illness with different diarrhoeal pathogens. These observations may help clinicians to formulate better case management strategies for children of five to nine years that may reduce morbidity.
Outcomes associated with planned place of birth among low-risk pregnancies in Ontario, Canada (2012–2021): A protocol for a population-based propensity score weighted cohort study
Authors: Darling Elizabeth K. , Hébert Vanessa , Muraca Giulia , Reitsma Angela 
Published: May 2024

Background
Evidence suggests that for low-risk pregnancies, planned home births attended by a skilled health professional in settings where such services are well integrated are associated with lower risk of intrapartum interventions and no increase in adverse health outcomes. Monitoring and updating evidence on the safety of planned home births is necessary to inform ongoing clinical and policy decisions.

Methods
This protocol describes a population-based retrospective cohort study which aims to compare risk of (a) neonatal morbidity and mortality, and (b) maternal outcomes and birth interventions, between people at low obstetrical risk with a planned home birth with a midwife, a planned a hospital birth with a midwife, or a planned hospital birth with a physician. The study population will include Ontario residents who gave birth in Ontario, Canada between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2021. We will use data collected prospectively in a provincial perinatal data registry. The primary outcome will be severe neonatal morbidity or mortality, a composite binary outcome that includes one or more of the following conditions: stillbirth during the intrapartum period, neonatal death (death of a liveborn infant in the first 28 completed days of life), five-minute Apgar score <4, or infant resuscitation requiring cardiac compressions. We will conduct a stratified analysis with three strata: nulliparous, parous—no previous caesarean birth, and parous—prior caesarean birth. To reduce the impact of selection bias in estimating the effect of planned place of birth on neonatal and maternal outcomes, we will use propensity score (PS) overlap weighting (OW) and modified Poisson regression to conduct multivariate analyses.
Novel cardiac extracellular matrix biomarkers in STEMI: Associations with ischemic injury and long-term mortality
Authors: Andrup Simon , Andersen Geir Ø. , Hoffmann Pavel , Eritsland Jan , Seljeflot Ingebjørg , Halvorsen Sigrun , Vistnes Maria 
Published: May 2024

Background
We aimed to determine whether serum levels of proteins related to changes in cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) were associated with ischemic injury assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods
The concentrations of six ECM-related proteins (periostin, osteopontin, syndecan-1, syndecan-4, bone morphogenetic protein 7, and growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15) were measured in serum samples from patients on Day 1 and Month 4 after STEMI (n = 239). Ischemic injury was assessed by myocardial salvage index, microvascular obstruction, infarct size, and left ventricular function measured by CMR conducted during the initial admission (median 2 days after admission) and after 4 months. All-cause mortality was recorded after a median follow-up time of 70 months.

Results
Levels of periostin increased from Day 1 to Month 4 after hospitalization, while the levels of GDF-15, osteopontin, syndecan-1, and syndecan-4 declined. At both time points, high levels of syndecan-1 were associated with microvascular obstruction, large infarct size, and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, whereas high levels of syndecan-4 at Month 4 were associated with a higher myocardial salvage index and less dilatation of the left ventricle. Higher mortality rates were associated with periostin levels at both time points, low syndecan-4 levels at Month 4, or high GDF-15 levels at Month 4.

Conclusions
In patients with STEMI, we found an association between serum levels of ECM biomarkers and ischemic injury and mortality. The results provide new insight into the role ECM components play in ischemic injury following STEMI and suggests a potential for these biomarkers in prognostication after STEMI.
The Vega advanced third generation posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasty system enables the restoration of range of motion for high demanding daily activities – A 5-years follow-up study
Authors: Gerdesmeyer Ludger , Glowalla Claudio , Lasic Igor , Al Muderis Munjed , Weuster Matthias , Klueter Tim 
Published: May 2024

Background
The Vega System® PS (Aesculap AG, Tuttlingen, Germany) is an advanced, third generation fixed implant that aims to mimic natural knee kinematics by optimizing pivotal motion while reducing surface stress. This study evaluated mid-term survival and clinical outcomes, including range of motion (ROM) of the modern posterior stabilized implant in order to analyse whether this biomechanically successful implant reaches good results in situ.

Methods
The first 100 patients to receive the Vega PS System for total knee arthroplasty were invited to take part in this single centre, single surgeon study. Of these, 84 patients were clinically assessed 5–6 years postoperatively. Data which was obtained during this follow-up examination included revision data, range of motion and clinical scores.

Results
The 5-year survival rate for exchange of any component was 97.6%, whereby two patients required replacement of the polyethylene gliding surface. Secondary patella resurfacing was performed in 7 patients. Significantly improved results in comparison to the preoperative state could be obtained at the follow-up: KOOS improved from 39.4 to 78.8, SF-12 PCS improved from 32.1 to 42 SF-12 MCS improved from 46 to 53.8 and patella pain improved from 2.7 to 0.3. The mean ROM of the 84 patients after 5 years was 133.1° and mean total KSS was 189.9.

Discussion & conclusions
This study demonstrates a high survival rate of the Vega PS System® and significant improvements in clinical outcomes 5 years after implantation. The obtained mean ROM indicates that this implant provides good flexibility of the knee joint, allowing a high number of activities. However, due to the rate of secondary patella implantation, routine resurfacing of the patella for all PS TKA cases is highly recommended.

Clinical trials registration
The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02802085).