bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Menstrual education programs for girls and young women with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A systematic review
Authors: Randall Kristina N. , Hopkins Casey S. , Drew Hannah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundProviding menstrual education and guidance for menstrual management for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is recommended to ensure smooth pubertal transitions and to support menstrual self‐agency.MethodThe purpose of this systematic review is to explore menstrual education interventions for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities.ResultsNine studies were included. Interventions were provided in small groups (n = 4) and individually (n = 5). Most studies used dolls (n = 7) and task analysis (n = 7) to teach pad‐replacement skills. All reported significant improvements in participant skills and/or knowledge following the intervention. Only one study addressed self‐agency and self‐esteem as an outcome of the intervention. Menstrual education for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is largely focused on pad‐replacement skills.ConclusionFurther research is needed to understand the impact of menstrual health and hygiene education on variables apart from skill improvement such as self‐agency and long‐term health outcomes related to menstrual health.
Effects of robotic module‐supported experimental activities with the cooperative learning method on student achievement, 21st‐century skills, and students' opinions
Authors: Avcı Filiz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground StudyDevelopments in science and technology, have created a need for technology‐supported learning environments. Robotics is a technology widely used in science education. Collaborative learning is one of the methods used in education based on the constructivist approach. Using robotic and cooperative learning together is a new and rare study approach. The study utilizes cooperative learning and robotics together. Past studies have investigated applications combining collaborative learning, problem‐based or project‐based learning with flipped classrooms. However, we need more evidence on how cooperative learning methods affect learning in environments supported by robotic modules.ObjectivesThis study investigated the effects of robotic module‐supported experimental activities with the cooperative learning method on student achievement, 21st‐century skills, and students' opinions.MethodsThe sample of this study was 6th‐grade students (n = 61). The study utilized a mixed method approach. The quantitative research phase of the study employed a quasi‐experimental design with an experimental and a control group. The qualitative research phase of the study utilized a case study design.Results and ConclusionsThe experimental group had significantly higher mean scores than the control group. This result shows that robotic module‐supported experimental activities with the cooperative learning method are more effective at improving student achievement and 21st‐century skills than the current curriculum.
3D virtual patient—Magnetically retained printed stackable system for implant guided placement: Case report
Authors: Jreige Camila Sales , Gama Rafael , Parize Hian , Ates Gokcen , Sesma Newton 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this report is to present the complete workflow of 3D virtual patient for planning and performing implant surgery with magnetically retained 3D‐printed stackable guides.Clinical ConsiderationsA 3D‐printed stackable system was proposed based on bone, dental, and facial references. Initially, a 66‐year‐old male patient was digitalized through photographs, cone beam computed tomography, and intraoral scans (Virtuo Vivo, Straumann). All files were merged to create a 3D virtual patient in the planning software (coDiagnostiX, Straumann). Sequential stackable guides were designed, printed, and cured. Magnets were inserted into connectors, and the interim protheses received color characterization. Four mounted guides were produced for the specific purposes of pin fixation, bone reduction, implant placement, and immediate provisionalization. After surgery and healing period, patient digital data were updated. Final implant positions were compared to planned values and inconsistencies were clinically acceptable. The mean angular deviation was 5.4° (3.2–7.3) and mean 3D discrepancies were of 0.90 mm (0.46–1.12) at the entry point and 1.68 mm (1.00–2.20) at implant apex. Case follow‐up revealed stability, patient's comfort, and no intercurrences.ConclusionMagnetically retained stackable guides provide treatment accuracy and reduce surgical and prosthetic complications. The projected virtual patient enhances decision‐making and communication between the multidisciplinary team and the patient, while decreases time and costs.Clinical SignificanceBidimensional diagnosis and freehand implant placement have limitations and outcomes often rely on professionals' expertise. Performing facially driven virtual planning improves treatment predictability. This approach promotes function, esthetic harmony, and patient satisfaction. Implant guided surgery and 3D printed prostheses constitute a reproducible digital workflow that can be implemented into clinical practice to optimize dental care.
Characteristics of children aged 5 and under presenting with ingestion: An analysis of cases from a tertiary child protection unit
Authors: Graus Sophie , Tzioumi Dimitra 
Published: June 2024

AimThis study aimed to determine what proportion of children presenting to a tertiary children's hospital with ingestion were referred for child protection assessment, and to describe the characteristics of the referred group.MethodsThis is a retrospective case series study of children who presented to a tertiary children's hospital between 1 January 2016 and 31 December 2020 with ingestion (poisoning). Demographic and clinical data were collected from the electronic medical record and patients who underwent child protection assessment were identified. The child protection group was compared to the whole cohort. The child protection group had psychosocial data gathered and descriptively analysed.ResultsTwo hundred and three patients were included. The most common substances ingested were over‐the‐counter medications (45%) followed by prescription medications (41%). Most patients were discharged from the emergency department (70%). Of the 203 patients, 24 (11.8%, 95% CI 7.72–17.08) were referred to the child protection unit. A significant proportion of these patients had a history of parental depression (64%) and other mental health conditions (41%), parent separation (77%) and domestic violence in the home (64%).ConclusionThe patients assessed by the child protection team had high prevalence of psychosocial risk factors that also place the patients at risk of child abuse and neglect. Most of the other patients did not have a psychosocial history documented in the medical record, and this group likely contains a high proportion of vulnerable children. By screening patients presenting with ingestion we may be able to identify children at risk and provide opportunities for protective intervention.
Study demands and resources affect academic well‐being and life satisfaction of undergraduate medical students in the Netherlands
Authors: Scheepers Renée A. , Hilverda Femke , Vollmann Manja 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionMedical students report poor academic well‐being in a context of high study demands. Study Demands–Resources theories have outlined mediating processes involving high study demands and low resources to mitigate academic well‐being, which is subsequently associated with diminished overall well‐being (i.e. life satisfaction). Furthermore, academic well‐being and life satisfaction are also affected by interactions between study demands and resources (referred to as moderating processes). However, these mediating and moderating processes clarifying medical students' well‐being still need to be investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the mediating role of academic well‐being in the associations of study demands and resources with life satisfaction and the moderating role of study demands and resources in relation to academic well‐being and life satisfaction among undergraduate medical students.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional survey study, 372 undergraduates from Dutch medical schools participated. The survey included the Study Demands–Resources Scale (workload, growth opportunities and peer support) as well as questionnaires on academic well‐being (Utrecht Burnout Scale for students and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale‐Student Form) and overall well‐being (single item on life satisfaction). Based on Study Demands–Resources theories, (moderated) mediation analyses were performed.ResultsMediating processes were found as growth opportunities were indirectly associated with higher life satisfaction through lower academic burnout and higher academic engagement. Furthermore, workload was indirectly associated with lower life satisfaction through higher academic burnout. This association was moderated as it became weaker with more perceived peer support.DiscussionA high workload and limited growth opportunities are associated with suboptimal academic well‐being and life satisfaction. Perceiving support from peer students slightly buffers the unfavourable effect of workload on academic burnout and subsequently life satisfaction. To promote academic well‐being and life satisfaction in medical students, universities can consider to reduce the workload, to create a supportive learning environment and to offer development opportunities.
Identification and distribution of some medico‐veterinary important pathogens in muscid flies in two geographical regions of Türkiye
Authors: Ercan Nuri , Yildirim Alparslan , Duzlu Onder , Ercan Fahriye , Yetismis Gamze , Pekmezci Gokmen Zafer , Inci Abdullah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSome dipteran flies play an important role in the transmission of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoan and metazoan parasites in humans and other animals. Despite this importance, knowledge of the prevalence and molecular characteristics of some pathogens in flies is limited, and no data are available for Türkiye. In this study, we investigated the possible vector role of muscid fly species for the transmission of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Desportes (Chytridiopsida: Enterocytozoonidae), Encephalitozoon spp., Coxiella burnetii Derrick (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae) and Thelazia spp. using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequence analysis. The flies were trapped in different animal‐related places and surroundings from two different geographical regions of Türkiye including Central Anatolia and Middle Black Sea. According to the morphological keys, 850 (85%), 141 (14.1%) and 6 (0.6%) of the total of 1000 fly specimens identified as Musca domestica Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae), Stomoxys calcitrans Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae) and Musca autumnalis De Geer (Diptera: Muscidae), respectively. The other species including Haematobia irritans Linnaeus (Diptera: Muscidae), Muscina stabulans Fallén (Diptera: Muscidae) and Hydrotaea ignava Harris (Diptera: Muscidae) were each represented by a single specimen. Screening of the pathogens identified E. bieneusi only in M. domestica with a prevalence of 2.4%. Sequence analyses identified three known genotypes, Type IV, BEB6 and BEB8, and one novel genotype named AEUEb of E. bieneusi in M. domestica. Coxiella burnetii was detected in M. domestica and S. calcitrans with prevalences of 2.9% and 2.8%, respectively. The one specimen of H. ignava was also positive for C. burnetii. Encephalitozoon spp. and Thelazia spp. were not found in the examined specimens. Our results contribute to the current knowledge on the vector potential of muscid flies and their possible role in the transmission dynamics of certain pathogens, especially in regions where diseases are prevalent and affect public and animal health.
Genome‐wide analysis of salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signalling marker gene families in wheat
Authors: Heckmann A. , Perochon A. , Doohan F. M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) phytohormone pathways are important regulators of stress tolerance. Knowledge regarding the diversity, phylogeny and functionality of wheat genes involved in JA and SA response is limited.

Using Arabidopsis, rice and wheat genomic and wheat disease transcriptomic data, we deduced the size, phylogenetic diversity and pathogen‐responsiveness of seven hormone‐responsive gene families, and thus selected 14 candidates as potential hormone responsive gene markers. Gene‐specific expression studies assessed the impact of exogenous JA and SA on their transcriptional activation in leaves of two distinct wheat cultivars. RNAseq data were interrogated to assess their disease responsiveness and tissue‐specific expression.

This study elucidated the number, phylogeny and pathogen‐responsiveness of wheat genes from seven families, including 12 TaAOS, 6 TaJAMyb, 256 TaWRKY group III, 85 TaPR1, 205 TaPR2, 76 TaPR3 and 124 TaPR5. This included the first description of the wheat AOS, JAMyb, PR2, PR3 and PR5 gene families. Gene expression studies delineated TaAOS1‐5B and TaJAMyb‐4A as JA‐responsive in leaves, but not significantly responsive to SA treatment, while TaWRKY45‐B was a SA‐ but not a JA‐responsive marker. Other candidate genes were either unresponsive or non‐specific to SA or JA.

Our findings highlight that all seven gene families are greatly expanded in wheat as compared to other plants (up to 7.6‐fold expansion), and demonstrate disparity in the response to biotic stress between some homoeologous and paralogous sequences within these families. The SA‐ and JA‐responsive marker genes identified herein will prove useful tools to monitor these signalling pathways in wheat.
Examining social vulnerability to multi‐hazards in North‐Western Himalayas, India
Authors: Sharma Lucky , Rana Narendra Kumar , Dube Shiva Kant 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe enhancing risk from human action and multi‐hazard interaction has substantially complicated the hazard–society relationship. The underlying vulnerabilities are crucial in predicting the probable impact to be caused by multi‐hazards. Thus, the evaluation of social vulnerability is decisive in inferring the driving factor and preparing for mitigation strategies. The Himalayan landscape is prone to multiple hazards as well as possesses a multitude of vulnerabilities owing to changing human landscape. Thus, an attempt has been made to inquire into the underlying socioeconomic factors enhancing the susceptibility of the region to multi‐hazards. The social vulnerability index (SVIent) has been introduced, consisting of 13 indicators and 33 variables. The variables have been standardized using the maximum and minimum normalization method and the relative importance for each indicator has been determined using Shannon entropy methods to compute SVIent. The findings revealed that female population, population above 60 years old, net irrigated area, migrant population, dilapidated house, nonworkers, bank, and nonworkers seeking jobs were found to be relatively significant contributors to the vulnerability. The western part of the study area was classified as the highly vulnerable category (SVI > 0.40628), attributed to high dependence, and higher share of unemployed workers and high poverty. The SVIent was shown to have positive correlation between unemployment, socioeconomic status, migration, dependency, and household structure significant at two‐tailed test. The study's impact can be found in influencing the decision of policymakers and stakeholders in framing the mitigation strategies and policy documents.
Investigating the effects of spatial scales on social vulnerability index: A hybrid uncertainty and sensitivity analysis approach combined with remote sensing land cover data
Authors: He Bowen , Guan Qun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInvestigating the effects of spatial scales on the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of the social vulnerability index (SoVI) model output is critical, especially for spatial scales finer than the census block group or census block. This study applied the intelligent dasymetric mapping approach to spatially disaggregate the census tract scale SoVI model into a 300‐m grids resolution SoVI map in Davidson County, Nashville. Then, uncertainty analysis and variance‐based global sensitivity analysis were conducted on two scales of SoVI models: (a) census tract scale; (b) 300‐m grids scale. Uncertainty analysis results indicate that the SoVI model has better confidence in identifying places with a higher socially vulnerable status, no matter the spatial scales in which the SoVI is constructed. However, the spatial scale of SoVI does affect the sensitivity analysis results. The sensitivity analysis suggests that for census tract scale SoVI, the indicator transformation and weighting scheme are the two major uncertainty contributors in the SoVI index modeling stages. While for finer spatial scales like the 300‐m grid's resolution, the weighting scheme becomes the uttermost dominant uncertainty contributor, absorbing uncertainty contributions from indicator transformation.
For a United Russia? The White Movement’s Rejection of National Self‐Determination, 1918–20
Authors: Rowe Oliver 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor obvious reasons, the White Movement rarely features in works concerning national self‐determination in the aftermath of the First World War. Beyond the looming shadows of Woodrow Wilson and V. I. Lenin, the “governments” of White generals that swore allegiance to A. V. Kolchak made no secret of their desire for a Russia “one and indivisible.” Those responsible for drafting Omsk’s edicts were suspicious of self‐determination’s apparent Germano‐Bolshevik origins. Analyzing the so‐called Russian state’s resistance to both the term and concept of national self‐determination—and its relatively novel association with secession—highlights the self‐defeating nature of Kolchak’s policies on the matter. Moreover, and most significantly for wider discussions on national self‐determination during the period, the White Movement’s rejection of federalism in any form, coupled with the stalling progress of White armies, the conclusion of the Paris Peace Conference, and the consolidation of Soviet Russia made statehood for Russia’s neighbor nations more realistic, logical, and justifiable. The political failures of the White Movement contributed to the feasibility of small states in the eyes of both the Allies and the national peoples themselves, and this warrants attention.
Integration of C3H15‐mediated transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation confers plant thermotolerance in Arabidopsis
Authors: Chai Guohua , Liu Huanhuan , Zhang Yang , Wang Congpeng , Xu Hua , He Guo , Meng Jie , Tang Xianfeng , Wang Dian , Zhou Gongke 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYHeat stress is an environmental factor that significantly threatens crop production worldwide. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms governing plant responses to heat stress are not fully understood. Plant zinc finger CCCH proteins have roles in stress responses as well as growth and development through protein–RNA, protein–DNA, and protein–protein interactions. Here, we reveal an integrated multi‐level regulation of plant thermotolerance that is mediated by the CCCH protein C3H15 in Arabidopsis. Heat stress rapidly suppressed C3H15 transcription, which attenuated C3H15‐inhibited expression of its target gene HEAT SHOCK TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR A2 (HSFA2), a central regulator of heat stress response (HSR), thereby activating HEAT SHOCK COGNATE 70 (HSC70.3) expression. The RING‐type E3 ligase MED25‐BINDING RING‐H2 PROTEIN 2 (MBR2) was identified as an interacting partner of C3H15. The mbr2 mutant was susceptible to heat stress compared to wild‐type plants, whereas plants overexpressing MBR2 showed increased heat tolerance. MBR2‐dependent ubiquitination mediated the degradation of phosphorylated C3H15 protein in the cytoplasm, which was enhanced by heat stress. Consistently, heat sensitivities of C3H15 overexpression lines increased in MBR2 loss‐of‐function and decreased in MBR2 overexpression backgrounds. Heat stress‐induced accumulation of HSC70.3 promoted MBR2‐mediated degradation of C3H15 protein, implying that an auto‐regulatory loop involving C3H15, HSFA2, and HSC70.3 regulates HSR. Heat stress also led to the accumulation of C3H15 in stress granules (SGs), a kind of cytoplasmic RNA granule. This study advances our understanding of the mechanisms plants use to respond to heat stress, which will facilitate technologies to improve thermotolerance in crops.
A novel three‐layer module BoMYB1R1‐BoMYB4b/BoMIEL1‐BoDFR1 regulates anthocyanin accumulation in kale
Authors: Liu Yang , Jin Hangbiao , Zhang Yuting , Feng Xin , Dai Yujia , Zhu Pengfang 
Published: June 2024

SUMMARYAnthocyanin is an important pigment responsible for plant coloration and beneficial to human health. Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala), a primary cool‐season flowers and vegetables, is an ideal material to study anthocyanin biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms due to its anthocyanin‐rich leaves. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of anthocyanin accumulation in kale remains poorly understood. Previously, we demonstrated that BoDFR1 is a key gene controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis in kale. Here, we discovered a 369‐bp InDel variation in the BoDFR1 promoter between the two kale inbred lines with different pink coloration, which resulted in reduced transcriptional activity of the BoDFR1 gene in the light‐pink line. With the 369‐bp insertion as a bait, an R2R3‐MYB repressor BoMYB4b was identified using the yeast one‐hybrid screening. Knockdown of the BoMYB4b gene led to increased BoDFR1 expression and anthocyanin accumulation. An E3 ubiquitin ligase, BoMIEL1, was found to mediate the degradation of BoMYB4b, thereby promoting anthocyanin biosynthesis. Furthermore, the expression level of BoMYB4b was significantly reduced by light signals, which was attributed to the direct repression of the light‐signaling factor BoMYB1R1 on the BoMYB4b promoter. Our study revealed that a novel regulatory module comprising BoMYB1R1, BoMIEL1, BoMYB4b, and BoDFR1 finely regulates anthocyanin accumulation in kale. The findings aim to establish a scientific foundation for genetic improvement of leaf color traits in kale, meanwhile, providing a reference for plant coloration studies.