bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression analysis of abiotic stress‐responsive genes in two rice heterotic crosses under cold, heat and drought stresses
Authors: Song Shufeng , Li Li , Yang Xiping , Fu Xiqin , Xu Mengliang , Rocha Pedro , Xia Xinjie 
Published: January 2012

With 6 figures and 4 tablesAbstractHeterosis refers to the phenomenon in which the hybrid progeny of two inbred varieties exhibits enhanced growth or agronomic performance. Although a century‐long history of research has generated several hypotheses regarding the genetic basis of heterosis, the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis and heterotic gene activity remain elusive. In this study, two rice heterotic crosses PA64S×93‐11 and Y58S×93‐11 were used as plant materials to analyse the activities of 10 abiotic stress‐responsive genes under cold, heat and drought stresses by quantitative real‐time PCR. The obtained result demonstrated that the expression levels of genes analysed in hybrids is unexpectedly higher, compared to those of both parental lines. More than 50% of the cases displayed over‐parent expression levels. The combined allelic expression pattern was found in hybrid, and under different stress conditions, different alleles were differentially expressed in hybrid.
Characterization and mapping of Lr65 in spelt wheat ‘Altgold Rotkorn’
Authors: Mohler Volker , Singh Davinder , Singrün Charlotte , Park Robert F. 
Published: January 2012

With 1 figure and 4 tablesAbstractA leaf rust resistance gene (temporarily designated LrARK0;) was identified in the Swiss spelt wheat ‘Altgold Rotkorn’ and mapped to chromosome 2A. The gene was located 2 cM distal to marker Xgwm614 (co‐segregating with markers Xbarc124, Xbarc212, XE34M48‐103 and XE38M53‐334) on chromosome 2AS. This map location is similar to that of LrAlt identified in the same germplasm in a previous study. Based on gene location, allelism tests and pathogen specificity, this leaf rust resistance gene was designated Lr65. A single gene stock (AUS 91455) in a Triticum aestivum background was developed and registered for utilization and research purposes. The gene was widely effective against Australian and German isolates of Puccinia triticina.
Genetic improvement of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) in Ethiopia: an unfulfilled promise
Authors: Girma Dejene , Korbu Lijalem 
Published: January 2012

With 5 figures and 3 tablesAbstractGrass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is an important crop in Ethiopia. Its vital importance in the Ethiopian agriculture emanates from its resistance to drought, salinity, waterlogging and low soil fertility. However, low levels of the amino acids methionine and tryptophan and the presence of the neurotoxin β‐N‐oxalyl‐L‐α,β‐diaminopropanoic acid (ODAP) in the seeds are the major limitations of the crop. Genetic improvement of grass pea in Ethiopia has been started in the 1960s at Holetta Agricultural Research Center. The major objectives of the grass pea research were to develop and promote high‐yielding cultivars with low ODAP content coupled with improved management production packages. However, the 50 years of on‐station and on‐farm research was not successful in producing outstanding varieties with the desired traits. Compared to other grain legumes, the poor success of varietal development endeavours within the context of grass pea improvement philosophy is typically related to the failure of the conventional breeding approach to fix a zero or low ODAP content because this trait is highly influenced by climatic and edaphic environment.
Mapping QTL for Fusarium wilt Race 2 partial resistance in pea (Pisum sativum)
Authors: Mc Phee Kevin E. , Inglis Debbie A. , Gundersen Babette , Coyne Clarice J. 
Published: January 2012

With 3 figures and 4 tablesAbstractFusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi (Fop) exists in pea production regions worldwide and causes a vascular wilt resulting in significant crop losses. Four races of Fop have been identified, and resistance to each was reportedly conferred by an individual single dominant gene. Fnw confers resistance to Fop race 2, which can be a serious pathogen for both green and dry pea production in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The objectives of this research were to (i) place Fnw on the Pisum genetic map, (ii) detect additional genetic factors associated with resistance to race 2 and (iii) identify closely linked markers for use in pea breeding A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of 187 F7‐derived lines from the cross ‘Shawnee’/‘Bohatyr’ was developed by single‐seed decent. All 187 RILs, the parents and one set of race 2 pea differential entries were inoculated with Fop race 2 under controlled conditions in three experiments, each with two or three replications per entry. Disease reactions were recorded as percentage diseased plants 10–14 days postinoculation or at regular intervals through flowering or early pod fill. Data for progressive wilting over time, typical of Fop race 2, were used to calculate area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values. Data for percentage diseased plants placed the putative single gene Fnw on Pisum sativum linkage group IV, with LOD scores ranging from 40.0 to 65.6 and minor loci on LG III (LOD 3.97 and 4.60). AUDPC values allowed for the detection of additional QTL on linkage group III with LOD scores of 3.97 and 4.60. The presence of recombinants in the population indicated that complementary genes were contributed by each parent, both of which showed intermediate reaction to Fop race 2. Results of this research provide a basis for marker‐assisted selection of the major Fnw loci in both green and dry pea breeding programmes, but additional research is necessary to fully characterize the complementary gene action governing resistance of the two minor loci identified.
Factors affecting independence in eating among elderly with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Edahiro Ayako , Hirano Hirohiko , Yamada Ritsuko , Chiba Yumi , Watanabe Yutaka , Tonogi Morio , Yamane Gen‐yuki 
Published: January 2012

Aim:  In elderly patients with dementia, disturbed eating behavior is understood to be a core symptom or a behavioral and psychological symptom of dementia (BPSD). The purpose of the present study was to investigate the factors affecting self‐feeding in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods:  A total of 150 AD patients who were hospitalized in dementia wards, or were residents of institutions or group homes were enrolled. The patients underwent an eating behavior examination, cognitive assessment, neurological examination and vital function tests. The eating behavior examination consisted of observation of the patients at mealtime. Items assessing eating behavior included the number of feeding cycles, stopping of eating or agitation and dysfunction.Results:  Logistic regression analysis carried out to identify factors with a significant effect on decreased independence in eating were difficulty in beginning a meal (OR = 14.498, CI = 2.067–101.690), presence of dysphagia signs (OR = 5.214, CI = 1.031–26.377) and the severity of dementia (OR = 4.538, CI = 1.154–17.843).Conclusion:  The present study is the first to generate objective data showing that difficulty in beginning a meal is a factor that hinders independence in eating in AD, in addition to the presence of dysphagia signs and the severity of dementia. Assisting AD patients in maintaining eating independence might be effectively achieved by eliminating environmental factors that interfere with beginning a meal, and by providing assistance that will promote beginning a meal. The present results show the necessity of developing effective methods for assisting elderly patients with AD. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 12: 481–490.
Association between polypharmacy and dementia in older people: A population‐based case–control study in Taiwan
Authors: Lai Shih‐Wei , Lin Chih‐Hsueh , Liao Kuan‐Fu , Su Li‐Ting , Sung Fung‐Chang , Lin Cheng‐Chieh 
Published: January 2012

Aim:  The aim of the present study was to investigate whether polypharmacy correlates with the risk of dementia in older people.Methods:  From representative claims data established from the National Health Insurance with a population coverage rate of 99% in Taiwan, we identified 7135 newly diagnosed patients with dementia in 2000–2008 and 2 8540 randomly selected controls without dementia, both aged ≥65 years. The daily use of prescribed drugs in the past 2 years was compared between cases and controls, controlling for demographic characters and comorbidities.Results:  The incidence of dementia increased with the number of medications used and age. Cases were older than controls, predominant with women and more likely to use five or more drugs daily (44.0% vs 32.0%, P < 0.0001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with participants using zero to one drug, the odds ratios (OR) of dementia were 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–1.38) for those using two to four drugs, 1.34 (95% CI 1.23–1.46) for those using five to nine drugs and 1.56 (95% CI 1.38–1.76) for those using 10 or more drugs. Cerebrovascular disease (OR 3.19), diabetes mellitus (OR 1.23), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.21) and hypertension (OR 1.08) were significant comorbidities predicting the risk of dementia. There was significant interaction between cerebrovascular disease and the number of medications used in the dementia risk.Conclusions:  The risk of dementia increases steadily with the number of medications used and age in older people in Taiwan. Cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease and hypertension might also correlate with the risk of dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 12: 491–498.
Effect of age, body mass index, and parity on Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system measurements in women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Shalom Dara F. , Lin Stephanie N. , St Louis Sarah , Winkler Harvey A. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAim:  To evaluate the effect of age, body mass index (BMI), and parity on Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification (POP‐Q) system measurements in women with symptomatic prolapse.Material and Methods:  The charts of 603 women with symptomatic prolapse were reviewed. Patients with prior prolapse surgery or hysterectomy were excluded. POP‐Q measurements were recorded by a single examiner. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Pearson's product‐moment correlation, and Wilcoxon signed rank test.Results:  Three hundred and eleven patients met inclusion criteria. Mean age was 63.4 years, mean parity was 2.6, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 26.6 kg/m2. Increasing age was correlated with worsening scores on Ba (r = 0.33, P < 0.0001), C (r = 0.14, P < 0.02), D (r = 0.14, P = 0.02) and Bp (r = 0.13, P = 0.02), while parity was only correlated with worsening scores on Aa (r = 0.12, P = 0.04). There was no correlation between BMI and any POP‐Q data point.Conclusion:  The effect of increasing parity was seen solely on point Aa in women with symptomatic prolapse. Age affected all vaginal compartments, while BMI had no impact on POP‐Q data points.
Meperidine for uterine dystocia and its effect on duration of labor and neonatal acid‐base status: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: El‐Refaie Tamer A. , El‐Said Mourad M. , Shoukry Aktham A. , Khafagy Soha M. , El‐Din Adel S. , Badawy Montaha M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAim:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of meperidine, administered during the first stage of labor in patients with uterine dystocia, on the duration of labor and neonatal acid‐base status at birth.Material and Methods:  We randomly assigned 240 nulliparous women with a singleton pregnancy at term who were diagnosed with uterine dystocia in labor at 4–6‐cm cervical dilatation to receive either a single dose of 50 mg meperidine in 10 mL of saline (slow intravenous injection over 2 min) or 10 mL of isotonic saline (control group). The primary outcome measures were duration of labor (from the time of beginning of the intervention to the time of the expulsion of the fetal head) and umbilical cord arterial acid‐base status.Results:  The evidence revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups in length of labor (188.2 ± 92.3 min in the meperidine group compared to 205.4 ± 96.1 min in the placebo group, P = 0.159). The pH of the umbilical cord arterial samples was lower in the meperidine group than in the control group, although the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.089).Conclusion:  Because of the absence of any beneficial effect of meperidine on uterine dystocia, its use in labor should be limited to pain relief in the absence of epidural analgesia.
Role of Hayman technique and its modification in recurrent puerperal uterine inversion
Authors: Mondal Prabhat Chandra , Ghosh Debdutta , Santra Debjyoti , Majhi Arup Kumar , Mondal Anirban , Dasgupta Subhendu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAcute puerperal uterine inversion is a rare and fatal complication after delivery. The first priority is its rapid management and prevention of postpartum hemorrhage. On rare occasions, there may be recurrence of inversion after reduction. We applied Hayman technique to two cases of recurrent uterine inversion.
Diagnosis and management of leiomyosarcoma arising from ovarian vein: Case report and literature review
Authors: Tsuyoshi Hideaki , Yoshida Yoshio , Kurokawa Tetsuji , Kotsuji Fumikazu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractPrimary leiomyosarcomas arising from the ovarian vein are extremely rare and are associated with high morbidity. A 49‐year‐old nulliparous woman presented with a left lower abdominal mass. Although extremely rare, the radiological appearance is able to preoperatively identify malignant retroperitoneal masses, such as leiomyosarcomas originating from the ovarian vein; thus, the patient underwent a simple total excision of the mass‐adjacent organs, as well as complete resection of the uterus, bilateral adnexae and the left ovarian vein. Adjuvant postoperative combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and docetaxel was administered. At 22 months, she had no recurrence or metastasis. Delayed diagnosis and high metastatic potentiality are associated with the high morbidity of vascular leiomyosarcomas. The preoperative radiological appearance is useful for early diagnosis, and radical treatment with adjuvant chemotherapy consisting of gemcitabine and docetaxel may improve the poor prognosis of patients with leiomyosarcoma arising from the ovarian vein.
Re‐consideration of lymphadenectomy for stage Ib1 cervical cancer
Authors: Kato Hidenori , Todo Yukiharu , Suzuki Yoshihiro , Ohba Youko , Minobe Shin‐ichiro , Okamoto Kazuhira , Yamashiro Katsusige , Sakuragi Noriaki 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAim:  Because of less frequent lymph node metastasis and parametrial involvement, patients with stage Ib1 cervical cancer may benefit from a curtailment of surgery. We retrospectively investigated the distribution of lymph node metastasis in stage Ib1 patients. After comparing the data with that of higher stages and sentinel lymph node navigation (SLNN), the appropriate extent of lymphadenectomy (LA) in stage Ib1 disease was newly suggested.Method:  A total of 303 patients underwent a radical hysterectomy with LA and the region‐specific rate of node metastasis was obtained. SLNN was performed for 50 patients using 99mTc phytate injection into the cervix and intra‐operative detection by a gamma‐probe.Results:  The rate of node metastasis and the average number of nodes removed, respectively, were: 23/189 (12.2%), 65.2 in stage Ib1; 14/47 (29.8%), 70.1 in stage Ib2; 7/20 (35.0%), 78.2 in stage IIa; and 26/47 (55.3%), 69.1 in stage IIb. Lymph node metastasis in stage Ib1 was prevalent in the obturator (Ob) (9.5%), inter‐iliac (Ii) (4.9%), superficial common iliac (Sc) (2.3%), cardinal (Cd) (2.2%) and external iliac (Ei) (1.7%) nodes. In patients with upper stage disease, lymph node metastasis could occur in all lymph nodes. In stage Ib1 patients, the sentinel nodes were assigned only to the Ob, Ii, Sc and Ei nodes, being identical with frequent metastatic sites in stage Ib1 (excluding Cd).Conclusion:  The extent of LA can be routinely completed with the removal of Ob, Ii, Ei, Sc and Cd nodes, which may provide a higher quality of life, including the reduction of lymphedema by preventing the removal of the inguinal nodes.
How subjective are subjective language complaints
Authors: Martins I. P. , Mares I. , Stilwell P. A. 
Published: January 2012

Background and purpose:  Subjective language complaints (SLC) are common during ageing but have not been investigated in detail. We aim to determine their association with demographic and clinical variables and objective cognitive performance.Methods:  A sample of 479 individuals aged 50 years or above (average 66 ± 9.1 years), followed in primary care, with no history of brain disorder were asked two questions concerning SLC, fulfilled a depression scale and undertook a battery of cognitive tests. Response to questions regarding proper name retrieval (PNR) and word finding difficulties (WFD) was studied and their contribution to each measure of the battery calculated by repeated linear regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, education, living alone and depressive symptoms.Results:  Word finding difficulties (47.6%) were more frequently reported than problematic PNR (10.9%). Both were more common in women, in subjects with depressive symptoms and in those living alone, but were unrelated with age or education. Both symptoms contributed significantly to the variance in tests of semantic fluency and episodic memory. PNR was also associated with immediate phonological memory.Conclusions:  Subjective language complaints are especially common amongst individuals living alone and/or with depressive symptoms. They are associated with a worse cognitive performance in some memory and language‐executive tests. Further studies are needed to understand their predictive value for cognitive decline.
Health‐related quality of life and depressive symptoms in significant others of people with multiple sclerosis: a community study
Authors: Giordano A. , Ferrari G. , Radice D. , Randi G. , Bisanti L. , Solari A. ,   on behalf of the POSMOS study
Published: January 2012

Background and purpose:  Uncertain prognosis and modest treatment efficacy make multiple sclerosis (MS) a particularly difficult disease to adjust to for both patients and their significant others (SOs). Few studies have assessed health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) and depressive symptoms in SOs of people with MS in the community. We assessed, and identified predictors of, HRQOL and depression in SOs of adults with MS.Methods:  POSMOS (postal survey of self‐assessed health in MS adults and SOs) is a longitudinal survey on a random sample of 251 people with MS in the Milan area. In 2010, SOs and contemporaneous controls completed the SF‐36 and Chicago Multiscale Depression Inventory (CMDI).Results:  Overall, 142 SOs (mean age 53.1 years; 50% women, 65% partners) and 120 controls (similar to SOs for sex and education, but older) participated. By multivariable modeling of the SO plus control population, SF‐36 vitality was lower in SOs (proportional odds ratio 0.45; 95% confidence interval 0.28–0.70), women (0.41; 0.27–0.64), and older subjects (0.98; 0.97–0.99). SF‐36 mental health was also lower in SOs (0.62; 0.40–0.96) and women (0.43; 0.28–0.67). Regarding MS characteristics associated with HRQOL and depression in SOs, severe disability [Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS > 6.5)] had no effect, whilst depressive symptoms (pathologic CMDI) negatively influenced most SF‐36 and all CMDI scores in SOs.Conclusions:  SOs had significantly lower vitality and psychological well‐being than controls, identifying a burden in being the companion of a person with MS. This burden was unrelated to physical compromise but associated with depressive symptoms in MS.
A role for the sensory neuropeptide calcitonin gene‐related peptide in endothelial cell proliferation in vivo
Authors: Mapp Paul I , McWilliams Daniel F , Turley Matthew J , Hargin Edward , Walsh David A 
Published: January 2012

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have tested the hypothesis that calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) is a mediator of capsaicin‐induced angiogenesis in vivo.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In a series of experiments, the knee joints of rats were injected with CGRP, capsaicin or vehicle control. Groups of animals (n = 6) were treated with the CGRP receptor antagonist BIBN4096BS and/or the NK1 receptor antagonist SR140333. Endothelium, proliferating endothelial cell nuclei and macrophages were identified 24 h later in the synovium by immunohistochemistry and quantified by image analysis. mRNA for the receptors for CGRP and adrenomedullin were sought in normal and inflamed rat and human synovia using RT‐PCR.KEY RESULTS Intra‐articular CGRP injection increased the endothelial cell proliferation index, whereas macrophage infiltration and knee joint diameters were similar to saline‐injected controls. CGRP‐induced endothelial cell proliferation was dose‐dependently inhibited by BIBN4096BS. mRNA for adrenomedullin and the CGRP receptor subunits were detected in normal and inflamed human and rat synovia. In capsaicin‐induced synovitis, the increased endothelial cell proliferation index was partially blocked by administration of NK1 or CGRP antagonists individually and was reduced to the level of saline controls by coadministration of both receptor antagonists.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS These data support the hypothesis that CGRP stimulates angiogenesis in vivo directly by activating CGRP receptors. Capsaicin‐induced endothelial cell proliferation was completely blocked by coadministration of CGRP and NK1 receptor antagonists, indicating that both CGRP and substance P may contribute to angiogenesis in this model of synovitis.
Inhibition of T‐type Ca2+ channels by endostatin attenuates human glioblastoma cell proliferation and migration
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Zhang Junhong , Jiang Dongsheng , Zhang Dong , Qian Zhiyuan , Liu Chunfeng , Tao Jin 
Published: January 2012

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endostatin (ES) is a c‐terminal proteolytic fragment of collagen XVIII with promising antitumour properties in several tumour models, including human glioblastoma. We hypothesized that this peptide could interact with plasma membrane ion channels and modulate their functions.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Using cell proliferation and migration assays, patch clamp and Western blot analysis, we studied the effects of ES on the proliferation and migration of human glioblastoma U87 cells, mediated by T‐type Ca2+ channels.KEY RESULTS Extracellular application of ES reversibly inhibited T‐type Ca2+ channel currents (T‐currents) in U87 cells, whereas L‐type Ca2+ currents were not affected. This inhibitory effect was associated with a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage‐dependence of inactivation but was independent of G‐protein and protein tyrosine kinase‐mediated pathways. All three α1 subunits of T‐type Ca2+ channels (CaV3), α1G (CaV3.1), α1H (CaV3.2) and α1I (CaV3.3), were endogenously expressed in U87 cells. Using transfected HEK293 or CHO cells, we showed that only CaV3.1 and CaV3.2, but not CaV3.3 or CaV1.2 (L‐type), channel currents were significantly inhibited. More interestingly, ES inhibited the proliferation and migration of U87 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Pretreatment of the cells with the specific T‐type Ca2+ channel blocker mibefradil occluded these inhibitory effects of ES.CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study provides the first evidence that the antitumour effects of ES on glioblastoma cells is through direct inhibition of T‐type Ca2+ channels and gives new insights into the future development of a new class of antiglioblastoma agents that target the proliferation and migration of these cells.LINKED ARTICLE This article is commented on by Santoni et al., pp. 1244–1246 of this issue. To view this commentary visit http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1476‐5381.2012.01908.x