bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal resistance and viability of asexual spores of thermophilic fungi from composts
Authors: Ogundero V. W. , Oso B. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe growth‐temperature relations and thermal tolerance of the asexual spores of thermophilic fungi commonly found in composting plant materials were determined.The optimum temperature range for germination of the spores was 40°–50°C. The spores of Humicola lanuginosa (Griffon and Maublanc) Bunce were able to survive 60 min exposure to 68°C while those of Mucor pusillus Cooney and Emerson survived only 5 min exposure to 68°C. A determination of the thermal death rates of the spores at 65°C showed a rapid loss of viability of those of Torula thermophila Cooney and Emerson. The thermal tolerance of the propagules of thermophilic fungi in relation to their special ecological niche is discussed.
Untersuchungen zum Kohlenhydrat‐Stoffwechsel bei Pasteurella multocida
Authors: Flossmann K.‐D. , Feist H. , Erler W. , Flossmann K.‐D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDie Hauptprodukte der Glucose‐Fermentation von P. multocida‐Stämmen sind unter den getesteten Bedingungen Pyruvat, Succinat, Formiat, Acetat und Äthanol. Diese Substanzen entstehen aus Hexosen und Pentosen, wobei nach Einsatz radioaktiver Monosaccharide (geprüft wurden 1‐, 6‐, U‐14C‐D‐Glc, 6‐3H‐D‐Glc, l‐14C‐Man, U‐14C‐Rib und U‐14C‐Xyl) die Radioaktivität in unterschiedlichem Maße in den Endprodukten auftritt. Anhand der Ergebnisse lassen sich als Hauptwege des Monosaccharid‐Abbaus von P. multocida der Hexosemonophosphatweg, der Pentosephosphat‐ und der Citratzyklus feststellen.Die für eine repräsentative Stammauswahl gesicherte Endproduktbildung (Fehlen von Lactat, vermehrte Anreicherung von Pyruvat, Formiat und Succinat, Bildung von Acetat und Äthanol) kann zur Taxonomie der Species P. multocida herangezogen werden.Mit der Bildung von ca. 250 μMol Säureäquivalenten aus 100 μMol d‐Glucose gleicht die Carbon‐säure‐Bildung der Methylrot‐negativen Species P. multocida der vieler Methylrot‐positiver Enterobakterien.
Zellelektrophoretische Charakterisierung der Oberfläche von Candida guilliermondii
Authors: Lerche K.‐H. , Kretzschmar G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe electrical properties of the outer layer of the cell wall of a hydrocarbon‐grown yeast C. guilliermondii were studied in detail by cell electrophoresis. Some experiments were also made with the yeast S. cerevisiae. The mobilities of the yeasts were measured as a function of pH at pH 2‐11.5 and constant ionic strength I = 0.02 mol/1. For identification of surface groups the pH‐mobility curves are used to calculate pK‐values. The results indicate the presence of amino and carboxyl groups on the surface of C. guilliermondii. These groups are probably a part of a glycoprotein with an isoelectric point at pH 3.3 located on the surface. Electrophoresis of droplets of mineral oil coated with adsorbed protein layer confirms these conclusions. The importance of this glycoprotein in hydrocarbon uptake is discussed.
Inhibitor studies of phage T4 wild‐type and mutant DNA polymerase. IV. The substrate analog 3′‐fluorothymidine 5′‐triphosphate
Authors: Schroeder C. , Jantschak J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe deoxythymidine5′‐triphosphate (dTTP) analog 3′‐fluorothymidine 5′‐triphosphate (3′‐FdTTP) inhibits DNA synthesis by T4 wild‐type, L98 (mutator) and CB121 (antimutator) DNA polymerase. CB121 DNA polymerase is less sensitive by a factor of two than the L98 and T4+ enzymes. Inhibition is not due to incorporation of the analog into DNA. 3′‐FdTTP acts competitively to the substrate dTTP. The CB121 polymerase exhibits a higher Ki to Km ratio than the other two enzymes (5.3 vs. 3.3) and thus discriminates better between the substrate dTTP and its analog 3′‐FdTTP. 3′‐FdTTP inhibits the polymerase‐associated 3′‐5′ exonuclease activities to the same extent as their polymerase activities. The CB121 3′‐5′ exonuclease activity is suppressed only half as much by 3′‐FdTTP as by dTTP. The results are discussed in relation to the role of T4 DNA polymerase and its associated 3′‐5′ exonuclease in determining the accuracy of DNA replication.
Respiratory ubiquinone‐9 from Hyphomicrobium spec. strain ZV 580
Authors: Köhler J. , Schwartz A. C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUbiquinone‐9, an ubiquinone with a side‐chain containing 9 prenyl residues, was purified from Hyphomicrobium spec. strain ZV 580, and identified by thin‐layer chromatography, UV spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. The participation of the quinone in the reactions of the respiratory chain was established by observing its increasing reduction in a membrane fraction upon the addition of NADH, the exhaustion of oxygen, and in the presence of NADH plus cyanide. The degrees of reduction in these states matched those of the cytochromes b and c.
Abhängigkeit der α‐Amylasebildung bei Bacillus subtilis vom Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel
Authors: Riedel K. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUnter den Bedingungen nichtwachsender Kulturen wird die α‐Amylasesynthese bei Bacillus subtilis durch Ribose, Stärke, Maltose, Laktose, Pyruvat und Thiamin gefördert, während von Glucose und Xylose keine bzw. eine hemmende Wirkung ausgeht. Diese Effekte konnten auf eine Beeinflussung der RNS‐Bildung zurückgeführt werden. Der bevorzugte Einbau von U‐C14‐Ribose in die RNS belegt weiterhin diesen Befund.Niedrige Glucosekonzentrationen (0,05%) zeigen die gleiche Enzymbildung wie Stärke. Dieses Ergebnis deutet auf eine konstitutive Enzymsynthese.
Struktur der Zellwandpolysaccharide in der Futtereiweiß‐Hefe Candida spec. H. III. Charakterisierung unterschiedlicher Phosphatbindungen im Mannan‐Protein‐Phosphat‐Komplex
Authors: Grimmecke H. D. , Meyer H. , Scheller D. , Reuter G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe 31P‐NMR spectra of the proteophosphomannan (PPM) and also that of mildly hydrolyzed PPM demonstrated phosphomonoester (in both preparations), acid labile and acid stable phosphodiester linkage, and polyphosphate. Decreasing in size by pronase digestion, separation, purification and characterization of the high and low molecular phosphates by 31P‐NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis revealed the mannan protein is phosphorylated in the N‐glycosidically linked carbohydrate parts and in the O‐glycosidically linked oligosaccharides. Another phosphate serves as a bridge between the serine of the protein and mannose, mannobioses and mannotrioses and between the threonine and a lipophilic acylglycerid unit. The origin of the polyphosphates has been discussed.
Multiple septation in multinuclear protoplasts of Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Havelková M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe dependence of septation on karyokinesis was studied in protoplasts of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The mononuclear protoplast produces a single centrally located septum. In multinuclear reverting protoplasts, on the other hand, the formation of a single septum was a rare event. In each protoplast instead of one, two to six septa were formed. These findings suggest some closer relations between the formation of septa and the number of nuclei present in the protoplast. Our results obtained with protoplasts also imply that the initiation of septum formation is possible only in the presence of a complete cell wall. In reverting multinuclear protoplasts undergoing more than one mitosis, no septation is initiated until the cell wall has been completed. Only the‐complete cell wall can induce the formation of one or several septa in mono‐ and multi‐nuclear protoplasts, respectively.
Effect of combined nitrogen sources on heterotrophic growth of a blue‐green alga Westiellopsis prolifica
Authors: Adhikary S. P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe autotrophic and photoheterotrophic growth of light pre‐treated and dark pre‐treated strains of Westiellopsis prolifica was decreased in the presence of NH, NO and urea in the culture medium. On dark incubation, after pre‐treatment with light as well as in the dark, the alga showed better growth response to all the combined nitrogen sources. However, only the light pre‐treated strain of the organism utilized the exogenous nitrogen sources appreciably for its dark heterotrophic growth.
Lysinbiosynthese bei Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOl III. Weitere Charakterisierung Lysin‐auxotropher Mutanten von Ps. aeruginosa PAOl
Authors: Schroeter A. , Klatt G. , Kersten R. , Mach F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA number of lysine‐auxotrophic mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAOl were isolated through mutagenesis by means of N‐methyl‐N‐nitrosoguanidin (Mach et al., unpublished). Using the cross feeding test and growth tests classification of lysine mutants was not possible. The investigation of diaminopimelic acid decarboxylase (DAP‐DC) showed, that none of these mutants had an active enzyme, except for the mutants with a high number of revertants. The appearance of only one mutant type is attributed to the insufficient availability of DAP.
Influence of dimethylsulfoxide on transcription by bacteriophage T3‐induced RNA polymerase
Authors: Musielski H. , Mann W. , Laue R. , Michel S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDimethylsulfoxide (DMSO)Abbreviations used: Dimethylsulfoxide DMSO, polyvinyl sulfate PVS, nucleoside triphosphate NTP
up to 25% (v/v) does not cause irreversible alterations of T3 DNA at 42.5°C as assayed by transcription with T3‐specific RNA polymerase. The optimal temperature for the formation of polyanion‐resistant ternary complexes of the enzyme, T3 DNA, and nascent RNA chains is lowered by 12.5°C in the presence of 20% (v/v) DMSO. The same solvent concentration, however, decreases the temperature optimal for T3 RNA chain elongation by only 2.5°C, indicating that DMSO preferably affects the initiation of T3 RNA synthesis. DMSO accelerates the loss of T3‐specific RNA polymerase activity at 42.5°C. Nevertheless, the speed with which the binary complexes between the phage RNA polymerase and DNA are inactivated by heat (42.5°C) is not altered in presence of 20% (v/v) DMSO. The binding of T3‐induced RNA polymerase to T3 DNA in polyanion‐resistant ternary complexes is influenced by DMSO which makes the enzyme accessible to the inhibitory action of polyvinyl sulfate. Elongation of T3 RNA chains is slowed down by 20% (v/v) DMSO.
A study of the amylolytic system of Schwanniomyces castelii
Authors: Oteng‐Gyang K. , Moulin G. , Galzy P. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe amylolytic system of Schwanniomyces castellii cultured on a yeast extract starch medium consists of 3 enzymes: an α‐amylase (molecular weight 40,000), glucoamylase I (molecular weight 90,000), and glucoamylase II (moelcular weight 45,000). The properties of the enzymes and the action of enzyme inhibitors were determined.
Die Strukturelemente in den Lipopolysacchariden des Chemotyps IV von Pasteurella multocida
Authors: Erler W. , Flossmann K. D. , Feist H. , Jacob B. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe structure elements in the main fractions of oligosaccharides obtained after the acetic acid linked D‐glycero‐D‐mannoheptose, 1,3‐linked galactose were found as new constituents in LPS. The results are discussed for their genetic and serologic importance and the relationship to Yersinia.
Yield coefficients in dependence on milieu conditions and cell states II. Influence of perturbations on continuous cultivation of the yeast Lodderomyces elongisporus on hydrocarbons
Authors: Heinritz B. , Stichel E. , Bley T. , Rogge G. , Glombitza F. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe influence of perturbations on continuous yeast cell cultivations on hydrocarbons of crude oil is describedDue to such perturbations the fermentation system leaves its steady state, passes through transitional stages and reaches a new steady state. In the transitional stages a damped oscillation of biomass concentration, percentage of budding cells, oxygen consumption rate, and heat flow is observed. These results can be explained by partial synchronization of yeast cell functions in microorganism populations. In phases of partial synchronization the cell cycle of a single cell is reflected by the behaviour of the microorganism population. The adaptation of the carbon substrate feeding rate to the state of partially synchronized microorganism population makes possible lower specific substrate consumption in biomass production.
Das Cytochromkomplement des methylotrophen Essigsäurebakteriums MB 58 in Abhängigkeit von den Wachstumsbedingungen
Authors: Steudel A. , Babel W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn contrast to methylotrophic bacteria investigated up to now the facultative methylotrophic Bacterium MB 58 (Acetobactersp. MB 58) does not possess a cytochrome aa3‐complex, but we could find out cytochrome, cytochrome cco, cytochrome a1 and moreover cytochrome d in dependence on the growth conditions.Cytochrome d was found only in stationary phase of heterotrophic growth. Under methylotrophic growth conditions cytochrome d could be demonstrated only by lowering of the aeration rate during the fermentation, by variation the pH‐value of the growth medium from 4.0 to 6.5 and with low growth rates (low dilution rates) during continuous fermentation.The addition of cyanide to the oxidized suspension of bacteria during the registration of the cytochrome‐redox‐difference spectrum allowed the selective representation of cytochrome d under all conditions even if no identification was possible in the spectrum normally. The oxidation of cytochrome d of Acetobacter sp. MB 58 in the presence of cyanide is an indication of its cyanide insensitivity.The low level of b‐type cytochromes could be represented by a special technique for registration of spectra. In this connection a unknown absorption peak at 570 nm was registered.The cyanide insensitivity of cytochrome d from Acetobacter sp. MB 58 and the occurrence of several terminal oxidases is appreciated as a hint for a branched respiratory chain.
Nutzung von Paraffinen und anderen Nichtkohlenhydrat‐Kohlenstoffquellen zur mikrobiellen Citronensäuresynthese
Authors: Stottmeister U. , Behrens U. , Weissbrodt E. , Barth G. , Franke‐Rinker D. , Schulze E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article reviews the developments achieved in citrate and isocitrate accumulation with non‐carbohydrate substrates by microorganisms presented as well in academic publications as in patents. The efficiency of citrate and isocitrate overproducing microorganisms and of mutants obtained thereof with respect to different carbon sources (n‐alkanes, triglycerides, organic acids, etc.) is discussed. The influence of environmental conditions (media, pH etc.) and biochemical mechanisms which lead to metabolic overflow are emphasized. The kinetics of fermentation processes are discribed, calculations concerning carbon balances are involved. The production of by‐products and the conversion of isocitrate to citrate is considered. The production of citric acid by yeasts which utilize different carbon sources may be economically feasible and an accession to the practized molasse‐Aspergillus‐process.
Polysaccharid‐Strukturen von Zellwand‐Präparaten aus der Futtereiweiß‐Hefe Candida spec. H
Authors: Nüske J. , Grimmecke H. D. , Reuter G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMore than 27% of the cell wall are unstably bound components: Proteophosphomannan as a main polysaccharide of the cell wall, mannose and manno‐oligosides which are bound to peptides or phosphate.19% are glycosidically linked with a phosphate bridge or 0‐glycosidically (Ser/Thr) linked with the protein which is covalently bound to the cell wall. Besides mannose and glucose, manno‐oligosides and gluco‐oligosides are involved in this linkage.A preparation consisting of glucan and chitin remains after careful degradation. It contains (1,2)‐, (1,3)‐ and (1,6)‐ linked glucose, (1,2,3)‐, (1,2,6)‐ or (1,3,6)‐glucose‐branchpoints and (1,4)‐linked N‐acetylglucosamine.
Seasonal fluctuations of freshwater fungi in River Nile (Egypt)
Authors: El‐Hissy Farida T. , Moubasher A. H. , El‐Nagdy M. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe seasonal fluctuations of aquatic fungi were studied over 24 water sample collected monthly between May 1979 and April 1981 from the River Nile near Assiut (about 375 km, south from Cairo, Egypt). The richest periods in aquatic fungal general and species were September—December 1979, January—March, October—December 1980, and January—April 1981. These periods represent low or moderate temperature months. The poorest periods were May—August 1979, April, May, July, August and September 1980 which are almost summer months.Twenty‐nine species and one variety of Olpidiopsis saprolegniae which belong to ten genera of aquatic fungi were collected during this investigation. Three genera were of high seasonal occurrence (19–24 months) namely: Achlya, Saprolegnia and Dictyuchus. Three other genera were of moderate seasonal occurrence (6–11 months) namely: Isoachlya, Leptolegnia and Pythium. The rest of genera were of low or rare seasonal occurrence.
The temperature profile of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans
Authors: Lemos‐Carolino M. , Madeira‐Lopes A. , van Uden N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA strain of Candida albicans was found to have an associative temperature profile with respect to growth, thermal death and yield on glucose. The ARRHENIUS plot of sustained exponential growth displayed two branches in the supraoptimal temperature range with the optimum temperature for growth around 33°C, the final maximum temperature for growth around 38°C and the initial maximum temperature for growth around 42°C. The yield on glucose was temperature dependent in the supraoptimal range and declined linearly to zero between the optimum and the initial maximum temperature for growth.
Effects of temperature and pH on growth and oospore production of three water‐borne Pythium
Authors: El‐Sharouny H. M. M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTemperature and pH significantly affect the growth and oospore production of the test fungi. The optimum temperature for mycelial production was nearly the same on both solid and liquid media. H‐ion concentration has milder effect than temperature. The optimum temperature and pH value for oospore production agree remarkably with their respectives for growth.
Autolysis of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris spores lacking carbon dioxide during germination
Authors: Kretschmer S. , Jacob H.‐E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractUltrathin sections of early germinating endospores of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris were studied by electron microscope. Only spores aerated with an air‐CO2 mixture (5% CO2) grow out, while spores aerated with air (0.03% CO2) lyse by the 25th min of inoculation. The lysis is due to progressive, unlimited degradation of the spore integuments and a lack of cell wall formation around the spore protoplast.The requirement of CO2 for outgrowth could not be replaced by oxaloacetate. CO2 seems to be needed to energize the dormant cytoplasmic membrane of the spore to render it capable of initiating active transport processes and of synthesizing the germ cell wall.
Einfluß sauerstoffhaltiger C1‐Verbindungen auf das Wachstum methanassimilierender Bakterien
Authors: Schneider J. D. , Wendlandt K.‐D. , Brühl E. , Mirschel G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAdded C1‐compounds of the intermediates methanol, formaldehyde, formate and carbon dioxide show a catalytic effect on the growth rate and cell yield of CH4‐assimilating bacteria GB 25 with serine pathway.Maximum stimulation is obtained by added amounts of about 20 mg C1‐compound/g bacteria dry matter. The influence of C1‐compounds decreases as follows: methanol > carbon dioxide > formate > formaldehyde.
Direct selection of active Claviceps colonies on agar plates
Authors: Gaberc‐Porekar G. , Didek‐Brumec M. , Sočič H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAn agar plate method for the primary screening of high yielding Claviceps strains has been developed. It is based on the detection of alkaloids in the colonies in the UV light by adding fluorescent indicators, fluorescein or 2′‐7′‐dichlorofluorescein, to the solid medium.
Bemerkungen zur Chemie der Aufstellung von Energiebilanzen mikrobieller Prozesse
Authors: Hesse G. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractAttention is directed to some problems which arise establishing energy balances of microbial processes after oxidation of biomass and fermentation liquors with dichromate. Reduction equivalents of unknown protein and the heterogeneous pool of cell mass cannot be calculated agreeing to their real composition. Furthermore, oxidation of such material seems to be incomplete.
Genetic studies on the yeast Saccharomycopsis lipolytica Inactivation and mutagenesis
Authors: Barth G. , Weber H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSpontaneous mutants of Saccharomycopsis lipolytica were selected and partially characterized. Several antibiotics and antimetabolites were used for selection of spontaneous resistant mutants from Saccharomycopsis lipolytica. The frequencies of such mutants were mainly arranged between 1 × 10−7 and 5 × 10−6 mutants per cell. But one class of glucosamine resistant mutants (GAMRA) occurred more frequently. Among the resistant mutants different types of dominant and recessive resistant mutants could be observed.UV light was used for inactivation of cells and induction of mutants from S. lipolytica. Comparing four haploid strains only small differences were detected in sensitivity to UV light. UV light at a dosage of 135 J/m2 was applied to increase the mutant frequencies in three haploid strains. Besides auxotrophic, temperature sensitive and colony morphology mutants, some new mutant types like small colony forming mutants, red‐brown coloured mutants, allylalcohol, glucosamine, 2‐deoxyglucose or nystatin resistant mutants, hitherto not described for S. lipolytica, were isolated and partially characterized.
Untersuchungen zur Regulation der Enzyme des Glyoxylatzyklus bei Saccharomycopsis lipolytica I. Einfluß der C‐Quelle auf die Aktivität von Isocitratlyase und Malatsynthase
Authors: Hönes Inge 
Published: July 2010

AbstractComperative studies on the activities of isocitrate lyase (ICL) and malate synthase (MS) were carried out with Saccharomycopsis lipolytica incubating the yeast on media with different carbon sources. When cells were incubated in minimal medium with glucose, the activities of both enzymes were very low. In contrast, in minimal medium with acetate enhanced enzyme activities could be demonstrated. It is probably that the synthesis of ICL is repressed in presence of glucose. Furthermore the activity of ICL was inhibited by tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates like succinic acid and oxalacetic acid. It was concluded that the syntheses of enzymes are derepressed. When cells of Sm. lipolytica were incubated in minimal medium with acetate, a high enzyme activity is evident. Synthesis of ICL on acetate was inhibited by cycloheximid and actinomycin D. The results were discussed comparing them with data obtained from other organisms.
Parallel regulation of cAMP phosphodiesterase and phosphatase activities in turimycin fermentations
Authors: Römer W. , Müller P. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPhosphate limitation induces the turimycin biosynthesis as well as the cAMP phosphodiesterase and phosphatase. The results are discussed in connection with the observation of general high activities of dephosphorylating enzymes and low concentrations of phosphorylated intermediates under conditions of phosphate limitation and secondary product biosynthesis, respectively.
Gen‐Enzym‐Beziehungen des arom‐Aggregates von Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: Bode R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe gene‐enzyme relationships of the arom multienzyme complex of Schizosaccharomyces pombe that catalyzes steps two through six in the prechorismate polyaromatic amino acid biosynthetic pathway have been studied. The various mutants were subjected to biochemical analysis by direct enzymic assays. These studies have established that aro‐3A, aro‐3B, aro‐3C, aro‐3D, and aro‐3E mutants lack, respectively, the enzymic activities 5‐dehydroquinate synthase, 5‐dehydroquinase, shekimate kinase, 3‐enolpyruvylshikimate 5‐phosphate synthase, and shikimate: NADP oxidoreductase. In S. pombe lack enzymic activities for the inducible quinate catabolic pathway. The functional significance of the arom aggregate is discussed.