bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual and real classroom in learning audiovisual communication and education
Authors: Santibáñez-Velilla Josefina 
Published: September 2010

The mixed model of Teaching-Learning intends to use Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to guarantee an education more adjusted to European Space for Higher Education (ESHE). The following research objectives were formulated: 1) To find out the assessment made by teacher-training college students of the virtual classroom WebCT as an aid to face-to-face teaching. 2) To know the advantages of the use of WebCT and ICTs by students in the case study: «Values and counter-values transmitted by television series for children and teenagers». The research has been carried out using a sample of 205 students of the University of La Rioja who attended a course in Technologies Applied to Education. The technique of qualitative and quantitative content analysis has been used to provide an objective, systematic and quantitative description of the different documents content. The results obtained show that the communication, content and assessment tools of WebCT are favourably assessed by the students. We have reached the conclusion that WebCT and ICTS constitute an aid to ESHE methodological innovation based on student-centred learning. The students showed their audiovisual competence in the analysis of values and the construction of multimedia documents using different formats. Through their works these students give a new sense to the use of television series in education.
El modelo mixto de enseñanza-aprendizaje pretende utilizar las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación (TIC) para garantizar una formación más ajustada al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). Se formularon los siguientes objetivos de investigación: Averiguar la valoración que hacen los alumnos de Magisterio del aula virtual WebCT como apoyo a la docencia presencial, y conocer las ventajas del uso de la WebCT y de las TIC por los alumnos en el estudio de caso: «Valores y contravalores transmitidos por series televisivas visionadas por niños y adolescentes». La investigación se realizó con una muestra de 205 alumnos de la Universidad de La Rioja que cursaban la asignatura de «Tecnologías aplicadas a la Educación». Para la descripción objetiva, sistemática y cuantitativa del contenido manifiesto de los documentos se ha utilizado la técnica de análisis de contenido cualitativa y cuantitativa. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que las herramientas de comunicación, contenidos y evaluación son valoradas favorablemente por los alumnos. Se llega a la conclusión de que la WebCT y las TIC constituyen un apoyo a la innovación metodológica del EEES basada en el aprendizaje centrado en el alumno. Los alumnos evidencian su competencia audiovisual en los ámbitos de análisis de valores y de expresión a través de documentos audiovisuales en formatos multimedia. Dichos alumnos aportan un nuevo sentido innovador y creativo al uso docente de series televisivas.
The sonic imagination of children in Andalusia: A musical analysis of the TV programme «The Band»
Authors: Ocaña-Fernández Almudena , Reyes-López María-Luisa 
Published: September 2010

In this article we present a descriptive study of the soundtrack of children’s television programmes on the Andalusian public television network. This study is part of an international research project based on Latin America which seeks to address the need to understand the sonic context in which children live and study the way in which this shapes their sonic imagination. The use of music on television may be a response to commercial needs and, therefore, it is necessary to understand its influence in an educational context. Through analysis of the permanent sections, advertising and the cartoons included in the TV programme called «The Band» which is broadcast on the Andalusian public television network we can observe the televisual and sonic environment of Andalusian children. We use a descriptive methodology which, through the creation of a listening worksheet, highlights the most significant elements in the sample. After the analysis, we concluded that the predominant musical elements in the programme analyzed were from techno-pop and cinema soundtracks and this produced certain homogeneity in musical terms which in turn led to an impoverishment of listening habits which made it difficult to understand more complex musical elements. Therefore, we stress the need for schools to accept their responsibility in the task of educating children in critical listening skills.
En este artículo se presenta un estudio descriptivo de la banda sonora de la programación infantil y juvenil de la televisión pública andaluza. Este trabajo se encuentra inmerso en un proyecto de investigación internacional de ámbito latinoameriano que atiende a la necesidad de comprender el contexto auditivo en el que vive la población infantil y estudiar el modo en el que se configura su imaginario sonoro. El uso de la música en la televisión puede responder a intereses comerciales por lo que es necesario comprender su alcance desde el punto de vista educativo. A través del análisis de las secciones fijas, la publicidad y las series de dibujos animados del programa «La Banda» de la televisión pública de Andalucía se muestra el entorno sonoro televisivo de los niños y niñas andaluces. Se utiliza una metodología descriptiva que, a través de la creación de una plantilla de escucha, pone de relieve los elementos más significativos de la muestra. Tras el análisis se concluye que los elementos predominantes en la programación analizada provienen de la música tecno-pop y de la música cinematográfica produciéndose una homogeneización del entorno sonoro que contribuye al empobrecimiento de los hábitos de escucha dificultando la comprensión de elementos musicales complejos. Por esta razón, se señala la necesidad de que la escuela adquiera la responsabilidad que le corresponde en el proceso de educación de la escucha crítica.
Limit Theorems for Additive Conditionally Free Convolution
Authors: Wang Jiun-Chau 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper we determine the limiting distributional behavior for sums of infinitesimal conditionally free random variables. We show that the weak convergence of classical convolution and that of conditionally free convolution are equivalent for measures in an infinitesimal triangular array, where the measures may have unbounded support. Moreover, we use these limit theorems to study the conditionally free infinite divisibility. These results are obtained by complex analytic methods without reference to the combinatorics of c-free convolution.
Use of the Occupational Therapy Task-Oriented Approach to Optimize the Motor Performance of a Client With Cognitive Limitations
Authors: Preissner Katharine 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
This case report describes the use of the Occupational Therapy Task-Oriented Approach with a client with occupational performance limitations after a cerebral vascular accident. The Occupational Therapy Task-Oriented Approach is often suggested as a preferred neurorehabilitation intervention to improve occupational performance by optimizing motor behavior. One common critique of this approach, however, is that it may seem inappropriate or have limited application for clients with cognitive deficits. This case report demonstrates how an occupational therapist working in an inpatient rehabilitation setting used the occupational therapy task-oriented evaluation framework and treatment principles described by Mathiowetz (2004) with a person with significant cognitive limitations. This approach was effective in assisting the client in meeting her long-term goals, maximizing her participation in meaningful occupations, and successfully transitioning to home with her daughter.
Identifying Strategies Early Intervention Occupational Therapists Use to Teach Caregivers
Authors: Colyvas Jessica L. , Sawyer L. Brook , Campbell Philippa H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study investigated early intervention occupational therapists’ use of strategies to teach caregivers. A sample of 40 videotapes made by early intervention occupational therapists was randomly selected from an archival videotape data set of provider home visits. The sample included 20 videotapes illustrating traditional services and 20 videotapes illustrating therapists providing participation-based services. Videotapes were rated using the Teaching Caregivers Scale, which rates three variables on 30-s intervals: (1) routine, (2) provider role, and (3) strategies used to teach caregivers during early intervention home visits. Regardless of the model of service, explicit teaching strategies were rarely used during home visits.
Comparing Three Postoperative Treatment Protocols for Extensor Tendon Repair in Zones V and VI of the Hand
Authors: Hall Barbara , Lee Hoe , Page Rohan , Rosenwax Lorna , Lee Andy H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOBJECTIVE. This pilot study compared the effectiveness of 3 postoperative rehabilitation protocols for patients with Zones V and VI extensor tendon lacerations.METHOD. Twenty-seven patients were recruited from 3 sites and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 established treatment protocols: immobilization, early passive motion (EPM), and early active motion (EAM). Outcome measures were collected at 3, 6, and 12 wk after treatment and included total active motion (TAM).RESULTS. At the end of Week 12, data on 24 injured digits of 18 patients were available for analysis. When data at Weeks 3, 6, and 12 were compared, patients in all groups showed steady improvement in TAM, but digits under the EAM treatment improved to a greater extent over time (F[2, 46] = 75.6, p &lt; .001).CONCLUSION. Patients with Zones V and VI extensor tendon injuries treated with the EAM protocol recovered range of motion more rapidly.
New Assessment of Forearm Strength: Reliability and Validity
Authors: Wong Christopher Kevin , Moskovitz Neil 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The objective was to determine the reliability of a portable forearm strength hydraulic dynamometer with a doorknob handle and assess its validity compared with a Cybex 6000 (Cybex International, Inc., Medway, MA) isometric torque assessment.
METHOD. Eighteen volunteers (with a total of 30 forearms) participated in this one-session methodological study to determine the intra- and interrater reliability and criterion validity of a forearm dynamometer.
RESULTS. Intrarater reliability for both assessors for pronation was (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]3,1 = .937–.961) and for supination was (ICC3,1 = .923–.968). Interrater reliability for pronation was ICC3,2 = .927 and for supination was ICC3,2 = .847. Criterion validity of the Baseline hydraulic dynamometer (Fabrication Enterprises Inc., White Plains, NY) compared with the Cybex 6000 was .574–.664 for pronation and .749–.750 for supination.
CONCLUSION. The Baseline hydraulic dynamometer with a more functional doorknob handle had good intra- and interrater reliability and demonstrated moderate validity compared with Cybex 6000 strength testing.
Transporting Children in Wheelchairs in Passenger Vehicles: A Comparison of Best Practice to Observed and Reported Practice in a Pilot Sample
Authors: Yonkman Janell , O’Neil Joseph , Talty Judith , Bull Marilyn J. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We compared observed and reported practice among children with special health care needs transported in wheelchairs with the recommendations from the American National Standards Institute/Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America Committee on Wheelchairs and Transportation voluntary standards for best practice for using wheelchairs in vehicles.
METHOD. A convenience sample of vehicles exiting the garage of a children’s hospital was observed. Certified child passenger safety technicians gathered driver demographics and the child’s reported medical condition, weight, age, clinic visited, and relation to the driver. Technicians observed how the wheelchair and occupant were secured.
RESULTS. A sample of 20 vehicles showed that 90% used four-point tie-down systems to secure the wheelchairs. A total of 88% of drivers tied the wheelchairs down correctly; only 20% used a separate lap–shoulder belts to secure the occupants. Twenty-five percent used lap trays, which are not recommended. Fifteen participants traveled with medical equipment secured inappropriately.
CONCLUSION. Many deviations from best practice were observed and highlight areas for increased awareness, education, and resources for caregivers.
The Functional Repertoire of the Hand and Its Application to Assessment
Authors: Kimmerle Marliese , Mainwaring Lynda , Borenstein Marlene 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Functional assessment of the hand typically involves evaluation of proficiency using a test battery rather than identifying the range of hand skills available to a client. Establishing a client’s hand function by reference to the movement repertoire of his or her fully-functioning hand offers numerous benefits for clinicians and researchers. A functional repertoire model of the hand is proposed as a framework for guiding assessment and therapy. The model identifies four main components relating to hand function: personal constraints, hand roles, hand actions, and task parameters. The model provides a common language for assessment, program development, and research across populations. Application here is to hand-injured clients, but the framework is equally valuable for hand function assessment of developmentally and physically challenged individuals, persons with neuromuscular disorders, or geriatric populations.
Interrater and Test–Retest Reliability of the Movement Assessment Battery for Chinese Preschool Children
Authors: Chow Susanna M. K. , Henderson Sheila E. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The aim of this paper was to check on the reliability of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC) in preparation for its standardization in Hong Kong. Interrater and test–retest reliability are reported for Age Band One, designed for use with children ages four to six.
METHOD. Interrater reliability of the Movement ABC was estimated using two trained observers with 79 children. Test–retest reliability was assessed using 75 children who were tested twice by the same tester over a 2- to 3-week interval.
RESULTS. Agreement between testers was good with a mean intraclass correlation of 0.96 across items. A value of 0.77 was obtained for test–retest reliability.
CONCLUSION. These results support the use of this component of the Movement ABC in Hong Kong.
Chaotic Occupational Therapy: Collective Wisdom for a Complex Profession
Authors: Royeen Charlotte Brasic 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
In the tradition of Mosey’s (1985) Eleanor Clarke Slagle lecture (p. 504) as a road map to where this presentation is going, I will present a short preface andfirst, talk about herstory and our professional identity;second, use chaos theory as a way to look at occupation;third, introduce you to Charlotte’s Web of Chaos;fourth, make some conclusions about chaos and occupational therapy;fifth, do an ending to this telling, and;sixth, do a summary and closing.
Documenting Outcomes of Occupational Therapy: The Center for Outcomes Research and Education
Authors: Kielhofner Gary , Hammel Joy , Finlayson Marcia , Helfrich Christine , Taylor Renée R. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
This article presents two themes related to the development and implementation of sound outcomes research that emerged from a 3-year dialogue among fellows of the University of Illinois Center for Outcomes Research and Education (CORE). These themes are: that outcomes research needs to be an interrelated multi-method system of investigation, and it should be developed in collaboration with its key stakeholders (consumers and practitioners). Examples from the literature and from a cluster of papers published in this focus issue are used to exemplify the themes.
Impact of Pediatric Rehabilitation Services on Children’s Functional Outcomes
Authors: Chen Christine C. , Heinemann Allen W. , Bode Rita K. , Granger Carl V. , Mallinson Trudy 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVES. Relatively little is known about the treatment effectiveness and functional outcomes of pediatric rehabilitation therapies. This study was conducted to gain knowledge of the type and quantity of inpatient rehabilitation services provided to children who received acute inpatient rehabilitation and compare functional gains by age and diagnosis.
METHOD. A retrospective cohort design was used. Records of rehabilitation therapies and functional assessments of 814 pediatric patients who received inpatient rehabilitation during 1996, 1997, and 1998 were collected. The admission and discharge item ratings of the WeeFIM® instrument were first transformed into inter-val-level measures of self-care, mobility, and cognition. Parametric analyses were used to compare functional gains across impairment groups and to examine the relationship between amount of treatment and functional gains.
RESULTS. Occupational therapy and physical therapy were the primary rehabilitation services received by patients across impairment groups (98% and 99%, respectively). A large proportion of children with traumatic brain injuries also received speech therapy (97%) and psychology services (60%). Across domains (selfcare, mobility, cognition), the largest gains were made by children who were older than 7 years and had traumatic injuries. Functional gains were significantly related to the amount of discipline-specific treatment received, after controlling for age, impairment, and functional status at admission.
CONCLUSION. Rehabilitation therapy provision in pediatric inpatient rehabilitation varies greatly depending on children’s age and the nature of the impairment. Systematic reporting of type and quantity of rehabilitation therapies along with functional assessments before and after hospitalization would allow researchers to track functional changes and study the determinants of functional improvement.
The Test–Retest Reliability of the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment
Authors: Stagnitti Karen , Unsworth Carolyn 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study is to establish the test–retest reliability of the Child-Initiated Pretend Play Assessment (ChIPPA) (Stagnitti, 2002a; Stagnitti, Unsworth, & Rodger, 2000).
METHOD. The first author rated 38 preschool children ages 4 and 5 years (4 with developmental delay and 34 typically developing) on the ChIPPA. The ChIPPA employs conventional play materials and unstructured play materials to assess three qualities of a child’s play ability: elaborateness of play action, ability to substitute objects during play, and the child’s need to imitate the modelled actions of the examiner. The ChIPPA was administered twice, at a 2-week interval, to each participant.
RESULTS. Test–retest intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (Type 2,1) calculated for each of the three elaborate play measures ranged from .73 to .84. A test–retest ICC of .56 was obtained for object substitution with unstructured play materials. The test–retest ICC obtained for the combined score for unstructured and conventional play materials was .57. Percentage agreement figures ranging from 63.2% to 84.2% were obtained on test–retest of the object substitution with conventional toys and imitated actions measures. There was no significant difference between test and retest scores for these measures based on a Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Signed-Ranks Test (Wilcoxon Sign Test).
CONCLUSION. Elaborate play scores, object substitution with conventional toys score, and imitation scores on the ChIPPA showed stability over time. Object substitution scores using unstructured materials were the least stable play measures and appeared to be related to the child’s play themes. Since play is the primary occupation of children, it is essential that therapists have a reliable measure of play behavior. The test–retest reliability results from the ChIPPA provide evidence that this assessment produces a stable measure of play behavior that can then guide therapists when planning intervention strategies for children.
Effects of Task Complexity on Reaction Time and Movement Kinematics in Elderly People
Authors: Ma Hui-ing , Trombly Catherine A. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. In clinical practice, occupational therapists identify characteristics or demands of a task and, to improve coordination or problem solving ability, grade it along the complexity dimension. Effects of increased complexity of functional tasks have not been studied to date. The purpose of this study was to continue to examine the characteristics of occupation by testing the effect of task complexity on motor performance in elderly people.
METHOD. A counterbalanced repeated-measures design was used. Twenty-eight elderly people without motor problems (9 men, 19 women) performed checker game moves ranging from one to four steps. Only the first segment of movement from start position to the first designated place was kinematically analyzed and compared among the four conditions because it has been shown in earlier studies that differences in strategy are apparent from the first segment.
RESULTS. Generally, the more complex moves elicited higher peak velocity (indicating greater force employed, F [3,72] = 3.45, p = .0210) and more movement units (indicating a less smooth and less efficient movement, F [3,72] = 4.71, p = .0047) than a simple move.
CONCLUSION. The results indicate that in this study, task complexity affects forcefulness and smoothness of motor performance, supporting the practice of activity analysis and gradation along the complexity dimension in occupational therapy. When treating elderly people in clinics, therapists may increase the number of steps within a task to facilitate the force embedded in movement, or decrease the number of steps to facilitate smooth and economical movement.
Culture Emergent in Occupation
Authors: Bonder Bette R. , Martin Laura , Miracle Andrew W. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Culture influences occupation as well as perceptions of health, illness, and disability. Therapists are aware of the need to address culture in interventions. However, definitions of culture can be unclear, providing little guidance to therapists about how to recognize its effects in therapeutic encounters. A pragmatic definition of culture as emergent in everyday interactions of individuals encourages reconsideration of the main elements of culture, that it is learned, shared, patterned, evaluative, and persistent but changeable. Understanding of culture as emergent in interaction, including therapeutic intervention, suggests three important characteristics that therapists can cultivate to enhance clinical encounters: careful attention, active curiosity, and self-reflection and evaluation.