bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CircIQCH Contributes to the Progression of Breast Cancer by Elevating NFIB Through Decoying miR‐139‐5p
Authors: Shang Yi , Li Xiaolong , Du Qianqian , Zhao Yang , Li Ying 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are implicated in the progression of breast cancer (BC). However, the explorations on circRNA IQ motif containing H (circIQCH) in BC progression remain limited. Functional experiments were conducted using in vitro and murine xenograft model assays, respectively. Dual‐luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay detected the associations among circIQCH, miR‐139‐5p, and nuclear factor IB (NFIB). CircIQCH was upregulated in BC, and the silencing of circIQCH repressed BC cell growth, metastasis, and autophagy, arrested cell cycle, promoted cell apoptosis in vitro, and blocked tumor growth in vivo. CircIQCH positively modulated NFIB expression by sponging miR‐139‐5p. Moreover, the deletion of miR‐139‐5p abated the action of circIQCH deficiency on BC cell malignant behaviors. Overexpression of miR‐139‐5p repressed the malignant characteristics of BC cells, while these impacts were abolished by elevating NFIB. Collectively, CircIQCH functioned as an oncogene in BC through upregulating NFIB expression by sponging miR‐139‐5p.
Genome‐wide association study for yield and quality of granulated cassava processed product
Authors: Aghogho Cynthia Idhigu , Kayondo Siraj Ismail , Eleblu Saviour J. Y. , Ige Adenike , Asante Isaac , Offei Samuel K. , Parkes Elizabeth , Egesi Chiedozie , Mbanjo Edwige Gaby Nkouaya , Shah Trushar , Kulakow Peter , Rabbi Ismail Y. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe starchy storage roots of cassava are commonly processed into a variety of products, including cassava granulated processed products (gari). The commercial value of cassava roots depends on the yield and quality of processed products, directly influencing the acceptance of new varieties by farmers, processors, and consumers. This study aims to estimate genetic advance through phenotypic selection and identify genomic regions associated and candidate genes linked with gari yield and quality. Higher single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐based heritability estimates compared to broad‐sense heritability estimates were observed for most traits highlighting the influence of genetic factors on observed variation. Using genome‐wide association analysis of 188 clones, genotyped using 53,150 genome‐wide SNPs, nine SNPs located on seven chromosomes were significantly associated with peel loss, gari yield, color parameters for gari and eba, bulk density, swelling index, and textural properties of eba. Future research will focus on validating and understanding the functions of identified genes and their influence on gari yield and quality traits.
Use of recycled rubber in carbon black as a filler in ternary blends of NR/BR/SBR for the automotive tire industry
Authors: Jovanović Slaviša , Samaržija‐Jovanović Suzana , Jovanović Vojislav , Marković Gordana , Vujaković Jelena , Marinović‐Cincović Milena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work aims to find the optimal ratio of recycled rubber (RR) in carbon black (CB)/RR filler and determine its influence on the mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and activation energy of ternary rubber based on polyisoprene (natural rubber [NR]), polybutadiene (butadiene rubber [BR]), and styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) with a constant ratio of 40/40/20 parts per 100 of rubber (phr). The filler used was N330 (60 phr) and a mixture of CB/RR filler in the following proportions: 55/5, 50/10, and 40/20 phr. The activation energy of the examined samples was determined by the rheometric method. The samples were subjected to thermo‐oxidative (at 100°C after 168 h) and γ‐radiation aging (200 kGy). Hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break were evaluated before and after thermo‐oxidative and γ‐radiation aging. SEM, attenuated total reflectance fourier‐transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR), and TG/DTG techniques were used to characterize NR/BR/SBR composites.The results show that the most optimal CB/RR ratio is 55/5 phr, which is confirmed by the mechanical properties before and after aging and the results for the activation energies of cross‐linking and reversion. The thermal stability of the composite containing 60 phr of the CB and the composite reinforced with 5 phr of the RR in CB/RR filler is almost the same.The results of this research may be applicable in the automotive tire industry since NR/BR/SBR composites are used for automotive tire treads. Another benefit of this research is that the partial replacement of CB with RR contributes to the reduction of tire waste, and thus to the preservation of environmental protection.Highlights
Rubber composite NR/BR/SBR = 40/40/20 phr reinforced with CB/RR filler
The amount of RR in the CB/RR filler has been changed to 5, 10 and 20 phr
The lowest value for Eac has the sample containing filler CB/RR = 55/5 phr
The most thermally stable sample is the sample with 5 phr RR in CB/RR filler
RR (5 phr) can be applied in CB/RR filler to reinforce NR/BR/SBR composites
Clinical outcome of permanent femoral artery ligation in four dogs
Authors: Sprocatti Mara , Grassato Lisa , Whittaker Danielle E. , Solano Miguel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFour dogs experienced intraoperative iatrogenic arterial injury during orthopaedic surgeries of the pelvic limb. After various haemostatic techniques failed, intraoperative haemostasis was achieved only by permanent ligation of the femoral artery. All dogs were re‐examined clinically and radiographically between 6 and 26 weeks postoperatively (short‐term follow‐ups). For the purpose of this study, three dogs were contacted for a long‐term re‐examination (orthopaedic and neurological) more than 2 years postoperatively (24–39 months), and their owners completed the Liverpool osteoarthritis in dog questionnaire. Visual gait analysis was scored subjectively (n = 3), and was recorded objectively using a pressure‐sensitive walkway (n = 2). No short‐ or long‐term complications related to the permanent femoral artery ligation were encountered, and limb function was normal for the dogs rechecked long‐term. Femoral artery ligation can be considered a last resort but safe salvage procedure in dogs with intraoperative arterial bleeding of the pelvic limb when standard haemostatic techniques have failed.
Subsurface wastewater infiltration systems for nitrogen pollution control
Authors: Zhou Xulun , Li Haibo , Wang Ang , Wang Xueyan , Chen Xi , Zhang Chenxi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSubsurface wastewater infiltration systems (SWISs) are suggested to be a cost‐effective and environmentally friendly method for sewage treatment. However, a comprehensive summary of the relevant mechanisms and optimization methods for nitrogen (N) removal in SWIS is currently lacking. In this review, we first summarize the N transformation mechanisms in SWIS. The impact of operational parameters on the N removal efficiency is then delineated. To enhance pollutant removal and minimize resource wastage, it is advisable to maintain a wet–dry ratio of 1:1 and a hydraulic loading rate of 8–10 cm/day. The organic load should be determined based on influent characteristics to optimize the balance between sewage treatment and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. Finally, various strategies and modifications have been suggested to enhance pollutant removal efficiency and reduce N2O emissions in SWIS, such as artificial aeration, supply electron donors, and well‐designed structures. Overall, greater emphasis should be placed on the design and management of SWIS to optimize their co‐benefits while effectively controlling N pollution.Practitioner Points
SWISs are often considered black boxes with their efficiency depending on hydraulic characteristics, biological characteristics, and substrate properties.
Biological nitrification coupled with denitrification is considered to be the major N removal process.
Increasing the reduction of N2O to the inert N2 form is a potential mechanism to mitigate global warming.
Strategies such as artificial aeration, supply electron donors, and well‐designed structures are suggested to improve N removal performance.
Homogenization of a nonlinear reaction‐diffusion problem in a perforated domain with different size obstacles
Authors: Ma Hongru , Tang Yanbin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper we consider a nonlinear reaction‐diffusion problem with low diffusion scales of order in a porous domain which periodically perforated by two different size obstacles. A nonlinear Neumann condition is prescribed on the boundaries of smaller obstacles, while a homogeneous Neumann condition is imposed on the other boundaries. Our aim is to derive the homogenized model as the small parameters tend to zero by using the method of three‐scale convergence and periodic reiterated unfolding operator. The final homogenized macroscopic model depends on three scales.
Optimization of micro‐rotation effect on magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow with artificial neural network
Authors: Shafiq Anum , Çolak Andaç Batur , Sindhu Tabassum Naz 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIt is a major research area in mathematics, physics, engineering, and computer science to study the heat and mass transfer properties of flow. Suspensions containing multiple nanoparticles or nanocomposites have recently gained a wide range of applications in biological research and clinical trials under certain conditions. Nanofluids are important suspensions that allow nanoparticles to disseminate and behave in a homogeneous and stable environment. Therefore, here magnetohydrodynamic micropolar nanofluid flow towards the stretching surface with artificial neural network has been considered. In this study, radiation and heat source phenomena have been presented in heat convection. Brownian and thermophoresis effects and micro‐rotational particles are also taking into account. The non‐linear simplified equations have been calculated numerically via Runge‐Kutta fourth‐order shooting process. The calculation of the Sherwood number, Nusselt number, couple stress coefficient, and skin friction coefficient has been conducted utilizing diverse parameters. Furthermore, the outcomes have been employed to create four distinct artificial neural networks. Our observation indicates that an increase in the heat source quantity leads to a rise in heat generation, resulting in a greater total heat output and an increase in the temperature field. Coefficient of determination “R” values higher than 0.99 have been obtained for the artificial neural network models. The obtained findings have shown that artificial neural networks can predict thermal parameters with high accuracy.
Flow of nanofluid past a radially stretching disk in an absorbent medium in company of multiple slips, nonlinear radiative heat flux and Arrhenius activation energy
Authors: Maiti Hiranmoy , Mukhopadhyay Swati 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAn investigation is carried out to analyze the flow, heat and mass transport phenomena of nanofluids over a disk stretched radially in a porous medium. Besides nonlinear radiative heat flux and Arrhenius activation energy, multiple slips are considered in this model. This ensures the novelty of the present research. The main goal of the current investigation is to explore the mutual impacts of nonlinear radiative heat flux, various slip factors and Arrhenius activation energy on flow, heat and mass transfers. The highly nonlinear central equations which are partial differential equations (PDEs) are transformed into nonlinear ordinary ones (ODEs) by employing suitable similarity alterations and then for finding the approximate numerical solutions, shooting technique with 4th order “Runge–Kutta method” are applied. The impact of a variety of parameters on “skin friction coefficient,” “Nusselt number,” “Sherwood number,” velocity of the fluid, heat and mass transfers are computed and presented graphically. It is interesting to observe that fluid velocity diminishes with the growing porosity, suction and velocity slip parameters. Nanofluid's temperature reduces for enhanced values of thermal slip parameter but for rising thermal radiation parameter, temperature is boosted up. Also, nanoparticle concentration diminishes for increasing values of mass slip parameter.
Chemically reactive flow of non‐Newtonian nano‐liquid over different magnetized and slippery inclined surfaces
Authors: Alqahtani Aisha M. , Ahmad Latif , Alabdullkarem Eman A. , Ullah Ihsan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFlow behavior of nonlinear materials over magnetized and contracting and extending inclined surfaces is described specifically by Jeffery–Hamel type flow, where the flow is caused by a convergent/divergent channel with the appearance of a source or sink. The role of the conversion of more than one species to more than every other species is significant in the flow conduct of such types of nonlinear materials. However, for the desired higher thermal conductivity, the Brownian motion and thermophoretic forces are incorporated in this particular work. Moreover, the impacts of first‐order chemical reaction and slips on the velocity, thermal, and concentration distributions, respectively presented to portray the importance of the entire study. The liquid motion on such surfaces is further addressed with the involvement of viscous dissipation and solar radiation. The newly mathematically formulated work is then approximated via one of the built‐in approaches based on collocation methods. The key findings are determined through graphical illustration. The physically interesting growing velocity of the liquid motion is noticed with variation in the slippery motion parameter during the convergent channel case. The opposite trend is noted for the divergent channel case. Furthermore, the Brownian motion‐related parameter escalated the temperature of the liquid, and the reverse status of the liquid concentration is determined with variation in the same parameter. The mass fraction is determined in a declining conduct with the ascending variation in first‐order chemical reaction factor. At the end of the work, a comparison with existing results is provided with excellent agreement.
Exploring Risk Governance Deficits for Marine Oil Spill Preparedness and Response in Canada
Authors: Cucinelli Jessica , Goerlandt Floris , Pelot Ronald 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPreparedness for and response to marine oil spills are important for protecting the Canadian marine areas, as these risks can have significant environmental, economic, and socio-cultural impacts. The vast sea areas under Canadian jurisdiction, combined with the wide range of maritime activities taking place in these, pose significant challenges to efficient preparedness and response planning and operation. The multitude of national and international regulatory commitments, rightsholder and stakeholder interests, and prospects of changes to shipping activities especially in the Canadian Arctic due to climate change justifies the need for effective societal risk governance and risk management. This chapter first outlines the regulatory context and governance practices for spill preparedness and response in Canada, focusing on the legal basis, responsibilities of different actors, engagement activities with rights- and stakeholders, and decision-making processes. It then highlights how these measures can be understood as an implementation of area-based management tools to mitigate oil spill risks. Subsequently, risk governance deficits in the preparedness and response governance and management systems are explored through interviews with experts from federal civil services, based on commonly found deficits identified by the International Risk Governance Council. The results indicate that the main deficits pertain to factual knowledge about risks, evaluating risk acceptability, implementing and enforcing risk management decisions, organizational capacity for risk management, and handling dispersed responsibilities. The results serve as a basis for developing initial strategies for alleviating the deficits, improving oil spill preparedness and response and environmental protection, and guiding further scholarship.
Area-Based Management for Arctic Shipping Governance: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Wang Weishan , Aporta Claudio 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis chapter will conduct an exploratory study to analyse how Arctic marine traffic can be governed through area-based management and collaborative planning among the government, Indigenous peoples, and industry partners. It is expected that the Northern Low-Impact Shipping Corridors initiative can provide an opportunity for Canada to enhance safe maritime navigation while respecting Indigenous rights and taking into Indigenous perspectives. Moreover, Canada’s existing area-based management practices can provide insights into Arctic shipping governance and inform better governance of the Corridors initiative. One example to compare and examine is the Voluntary Protection Zone (VPZ) for shipping along the west coast of Haida Gwaii.Transport Canada has announced that, during the next phase of Canada’s Oceans Protection Plan, the focus of the Corridors’ development will concentrate on the following areas, namely, creating a governance framework for shipping corridors, and identifying priority areas for vessels to avoid. This chapter will identify several issues and challenges that will be encountered during the implementation and governance of the Corridors initiative. This chapter explores how these identified issues have been addressed within the VPZ through an unprecedented collaboration between the Council of the Haida Nation, the provincial and federal governments, and the maritime shipping industry. The findings will include several potential policy directions for supporting better decision-making and governance in the Corridors initiative.
Disturbed glycolipid metabolism activates CXCL13-CXCR5 axis in senescent TSCs to promote heterotopic ossification
Authors: Chen Yuyu , Wu Jinna , Wong Chipiu , Gao Wenjie , Qi Xiangdong , Zhou Hang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHeterotopic ossification (HO) occurs as a common complication after injury, while its risk factor and mechanism remain unclear, which restricts the development of pharmacological treatment. Clinical research suggests that diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are prone to developing HO in the tendon, but solid evidence and mechanical research are still needed. Here, we combined the clinical samples and the DM mice model to identify that disordered glycolipid metabolism aggravates the senescence of tendon-derived stem cells (TSCs) and promotes osteogenic differentiation. Then, combining the RNA-seq results of the aging tendon, we detected the abnormally activated autocrine CXCL13-CXCR5 axis in TSCs cultured in a high fat, high glucose (HFHG) environment and also in the aged tendon. Genetic inhibition of CXCL13 successfully alleviated HO formation in DM mice, providing a potential therapeutic target for suppressing HO formation in DM patients after trauma or surgery.
Uncovering the role of TET2-mediated ENPEP activation in trophoblast cell fate determination
Authors: Huang Wen , Chen Andy Chun Hang , Wei Xujin , Fong Sze Wan , Yeung William Shu Biu , Lee Yin Lau 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly trophoblast differentiation is crucial for embryo implantation, placentation and fetal development. Dynamic changes in DNA methylation occur during preimplantation development and are critical for cell fate determination. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism remains unclear. Recently, we derived morula-like expanded potential stem cells from human preimplantation embryos (hEPSC-em), providing a valuable tool for studying early trophoblast differentiation. Data analysis on published datasets showed differential expressions of DNA methylation enzymes during early trophoblast differentiation in human embryos and hEPSC-em derived trophoblastic spheroids. We demonstrated downregulation of DNA methyltransferase 3 members (DNMT3s) and upregulation of ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenases (TETs) during trophoblast differentiation. While DNMT inhibitor promoted trophoblast differentiation, TET inhibitor hindered the process and reduced implantation potential of trophoblastic spheroids. Further integrative analysis identified that glutamyl aminopeptidase (ENPEP), a trophectoderm progenitor marker, was hypomethylated and highly expressed in trophoblast lineages. Concordantly, progressive loss of DNA methylation in ENPEP promoter and increased ENPEP expression were detected in trophoblast differentiation. Knockout of ENPEP in hEPSC-em compromised trophoblast differentiation potency, reduced adhesion and invasion of trophoblastic spheroids, and impeded trophoblastic stem cell (TSC) derivation. Importantly, TET2 was involved in the loss of DNA methylation and activation of ENPEP expression during trophoblast differentiation. TET2-null hEPSC-em failed to produce TSC properly. Collectively, our results illustrated the crucial roles of ENPEP and TET2 in trophoblast fate commitments and the unprecedented TET2-mediated loss of DNA methylation in ENPEP promoter.
Unveiling the crucial role of betaine: modulation of GABA homeostasis via SLC6A1 transporter (GAT1)
Authors: Bhatt Manan , Lazzarin Erika , Alberto-Silva Ana Sofia , Domingo Guido , Zerlotti Rocco , Gradisch Ralph , Bazzone Andre , Sitte Harald H. , Stockner Thomas , Bossi Elena 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBetaine is an endogenous osmolyte that exhibits therapeutic potential by mitigating various neurological disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for its neuroprotective effects remain puzzling.In this study, we describe a possible mechanism behind the positive impact of betaine in preserving neurons from excitotoxicity. Here we demonstrate that betaine at low concentration modulates the GABA uptake by GAT1 (slc6a1), the predominant GABA transporter in the central nervous system. This modulation occurs through the temporal inhibition of the transporter, wherein prolonged occupancy by betaine impedes the swift transition of the transporter to the inward conformation. Importantly, the modulatory effect of betaine on GAT1 is reversible, as the blocking of GAT1 disappears with increased extracellular GABA. Using electrophysiology, mass spectroscopy, radiolabelled cellular assay, and molecular dynamics simulation we demonstrate that betaine has a dual role in GAT1: at mM concentration acts as a slow substrate, and at µM as a temporal blocker of GABA, when it is below its K0.5. Given this unique modulatory characteristic and lack of any harmful side effects, betaine emerges as a promising neuromodulator of the inhibitory pathways improving GABA homeostasis via GAT1, thereby conferring neuroprotection against excitotoxicity.