bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Recovery activities are needed every step of the way”—exploring the process of long-term recovery in people previously diagnosed with exhaustion disorder
Authors: Aronsson Ingela , Neely Anna Stigsdotter , Boraxbekk Carl-Johan , Eskilsson Therese , Gavelin Hanna M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Sick-leave rates are high due to stress-related illnesses, but little is still known about the process of recovery from these conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of the recovery process, 6 to 10 years after treatment in people previously diagnosed with exhaustion disorder (ED), focusing on facilitators and barriers for the process of recovery from ED, and recovery activities experienced as helpful during the recovery process.

Method
Thirty-eight participants (average age: 52 years, 32 females) previously diagnosed with ED were interviewed with semi-structured interviews 6–10 years after undergoing treatment. The interviews were analyzed with thematic analysis.

Results
Three themes resulted from the analysis. The first theme, “A long and rocky road”, summarizes the fluctuating path to feeling better and emphasizes barriers and facilitators that affected the process of recovery, with a focus on external life events and the participants’ own behaviors. Facilitators were changing workplace, receiving support, a reduction in stressors, and changed behaviors. Barriers were a poor work environment, caregiver responsibilities, negative life events and lack of support. The second theme “Recovery activities are needed every step of the way” describes how both the need for recovery activities and the types of activities experienced as helpful changed during the recovery process, from low-effort recovery activities for long periods of time to shorter and more active recovery activities. Recovery activities were described as important for self-care but hard to prioritize in everyday life. The last theme, “Reorienting to a new place”, captures the struggle to cope with the remaining impact of ED, and how internal facilitators in terms of understanding and acceptance were important to reorient and adjust to a new way of functioning.

Conclusions
Recovering from ED is a long and ongoing process where recovery activities are needed every step of the way. Our results highlight the importance of supporting personal recovery and long-term behavioral change, addressing individual stressors that may perpetuate the condition, and adjusting recovery activities according to where the person is in the recovery process.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT0073772. Registered on March 8, 2017. This study was pre-registered on Open Science Framework (osf.io).
A parameter to featuring the cultural landscape genes of traditional settlements in China: a perspective of geographical information
Authors: Hu Zui , Tan Min 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Creative transformation and innovative development of traditional cultures is a pressing social need in China because of the deep reform and rapid socio-economic developments. It is crucial to understand the natural features of cultural landscapes of traditional settlements because they are indispensable components of these heritages. Although there are significant findings on the cultural features of traditional settlements, people still face substantial difficulties in using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) to directly handle their cultural factors due to a lack of theoretical models or described methods. To address this issue, at first, this study analyzed the component elements and contents of Cultural Landscape Genes of Traditional Settlements (CLGTS) from the perspective of Geographical Information (GI). Then, the concept “Feature Parameter of Geographical Information of CLGTS (FPGI-CLGTS)” was proposed based on the above. Simultaneously, the connotations, identification rules, and mathematical meanings of FPGI-CLGTS were also explored deeply. Next, this study developed the identification methods of FPGI-CLGTS. Finally, this study examined FPGI-CLGTS through an experiment on the spatial layouts CLGTS of six samples in Hunan, China. Through this study, FPGI-CLGTS has enormous potential to reveal the critical cultural features and values of traditional settlements.
Perceptions and utilization of tele-orthodontics: a survey of the members of the American Association of Orthodontists
Authors: Abu Arqub Sarah , Al-Moghrabi Dalya , Kuo Chia-Ling , Da Cunha Godoy Lucas , Uribe Flavio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate orthodontists’ utilization and perceptions of tele-orthodontics.Materials and methodsA 30-item online survey was distributed to members of the American Association of Orthodontists (AAO). The questionnaire encompassed topics concerning the orthodontists’ utilization, perceptions, clinical applications, limitations, and concerns regarding tele-orthodontics. Descriptive statistics were employed, and comparisons between responses from users and non-users were conducted using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests and Fisher’s exact tests.Results152 members completed the survey, (response rate: 2.4%). More than two third of respondents (69.74%) were users of tele-orthodontics. Users were more aligned with the belief that tele-orthodontics facilitates effective communication (mean ± standard deviation (SD) 4.06 ± 0.83 vs. 3.33 ± 0.94, p < 0.001). Both groups agreed on the requirement of patient fees for tele-orthodontic visits (mean ± SD: 3.62 ± 1.11 users vs. 3.74 ± 1.02 non-users, p = 0.659), and on the capability of the system to reduce unwarranted referrals (p = 0.20). The majority of participants acknowledged the utility of the system in monitoring aligners’ patients (89% in users vs. 61% in non-users, p < 0.001). Non-users expressed greater concerns regarding privacy risks (mean ± SD: 3.06 ± 0.97 users vs. 3.57 ± 0.86 non-users, p = 0.002). Both groups stressed the significance of obtaining informed consent before utilizing tele-orthodontics.ConclusionsThe widespread acceptance of tele-orthodontics among AAO members was apparent, as demonstrated by their recognition of its effectiveness. There was notable variation in how users and non-users perceived tele-orthodontics. The study's results offer valuable insights into both the potential benefits and drawbacks of incorporating this technology into clinical practice from the clincians' perspective.
The isolation, structure characterizations and anti-photoaging activities of sulfated polysaccharides isolated from Sargassum fusiforme
Authors: Chang Shiyuan , Chen Yifan , Qiu Huamai , Zhu Biyang , You Lijun , Cheung Peter Chi Keung 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Our previous study found that crude polysaccharide extracted from Sargassum fusiforme (PSF) exhibited excellent anti-photoaging activity, but the composition responsible for this activity remained unknown.

Results
In this study, three fractions (P1, P2 and P3) obtained by hot water extraction and column chromatographic separation from PSF were structurally characterized. The anti-photoaging activities of these isolated polysaccharides were evaluated using HaCaT cells. The results showed that P1, P2 and P3 were acidic polysaccharides with 42.94%, 40.75% and 2.21% uronic acid. In addition, the contents of sulfate groups were 3.01%, 10.05% and 7.44%, respectively. Moreover, their content of reducing sugar was low, and none of the fractions had a triple-stranded helical structure. P1 had the largest average molecular weight of 208.89 kDa, while P2 and P3 had a relatively lower molecular weight of 154.09 and 151.71 kDa, respectively. Treatment with P2 effectively safeguarded the viability of HaCaT cells exposed to UVB irradiation. Additionally, it inhibited the secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-3 while elevating the content of hydroxyproline (HYP) in the cell supernatant. Methylation and NMR analysis suggested the main structure of P2 might be → [4)-β-ManA-(1]23 → 4)-β-ManA-(1 → 3)-β-d-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1 → 4)-β-d-Glcp-(1 → . The two terminal groups of β-ManA-(1 → and β-d-Glcp-(1 → were connected via the glycosidic bonds of → 3, 4)-O-3 in β-ManA-(1 → and O-6 in → 4, 6)-β-d-Glcp-(1 → , respectively.

Conclusions
These findings will open new avenues for exploring the potential use of Sargassum fusiforme polysaccharide, particularly P2, as a functional ingredient with anti-photoaging activity.

Graphical Abstract
Hemorrhage and thrombosis in COVID-19-patients supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an international study based on the COVID-19 critical care consortium
Authors: Feth Maximilian , Weaver Natasha , Fanning Robert B. , Cho Sung-Min , Griffee Matthew J. , Panigada Mauro , Zaaqoq Akram M. , Labib Ahmed , Whitman Glenn J. R. , Arora Rakesh C. , Kim Bo S. , White Nicole , Suen Jacky Y. , Li Bassi Gianluigi , Peek Giles J. , Lorusso Roberto , Dalton Heidi , Fraser John F. , Fanning Jonathon P. ,   the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium, Bassi Gianluigi Li , Suen Jacky Y. , Dalton Heidi J. , Laffey John , Brodie Daniel , Fan Eddy , Torres Antoni , Chiumello Davide , Elhazmi Alyaa , Hodgson Carol , Ichiba Shingo , Luna Carlos , Murthy Srinivas , Nichol Alistair , Ng Pauline Yeung , Ogino Mark , Marwali Eva , Grasselli Giacomo , Bartlett Robert , Burrell Aidan , Elhadi Muhammed , Motos Anna , Barbé Ferran , Zanella Alberto , Fraser John F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a rescue therapy in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) secondary to COVID-19. While bleeding and thrombosis complicate ECMO, these events may also occur secondary to COVID-19. Data regarding bleeding and thrombotic events in COVID-19 patients on ECMO are sparse.

Methods
Using the COVID-19 Critical Care Consortium database, we conducted a retrospective analysis on adult patients with severe COVID-19 requiring ECMO, including centers globally from 01/2020 to 06/2022, to determine the risk of ICU mortality associated with the occurrence of bleeding and clotting disorders.

Results
Among 1,248 COVID-19 patients receiving ECMO support in the registry, coagulation complications were reported in 469 cases (38%), among whom 252 (54%) experienced hemorrhagic complications, 165 (35%) thrombotic complications, and 52 (11%) both. The hazard ratio (HR) for Intensive Care Unit mortality was higher in those with hemorrhagic-only complications than those with neither complication (adjusted HR = 1.60, 95% CI 1.28–1.99, p < 0.001). Death was reported in 617 of the 1248 (49.4%) with multiorgan failure (n = 257 of 617 [42%]), followed by respiratory failure (n = 130 of 617 [21%]) and septic shock [n = 55 of 617 (8.9%)] the leading causes.

Conclusions
Coagulation disorders are frequent in COVID-19 ARDS patients receiving ECMO. Bleeding events contribute substantially to mortality in this cohort. However, this risk may be lower than previously reported in single-nation studies or early case reports.
Trial registration ACTRN12620000421932 (https://covid19.cochrane.org/studies/crs-13513201).
Exploring the efficacy of collaborative learning in a remote robotics laboratory: a comparative analysis of performance and pedagogical approaches
Authors: Teng Long , Tang Yuk Ming , Wu Raymond P. H. , Tsui Gary C. P. , Tsang Yung Po , Tang Chak Yin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn today's world, remote-controlled robots are widely used across various industries due to their ability to enhance working efficiency in various applications. Learning about robot operation and human–computer interaction has emerged as a popular topic in recent times. Indeed, learning robotics can be challenging for many students as it requires knowledge of programming, control systems, electronics, etc. Collaborative learning in a physical robotics setting is common in higher education and has received significant attention for its potential to enhance individual learning outcomes. However, the effectiveness of learning robotics in a remote setting is still a matter of debate. In this study, we establish a remote laboratory environment to teach undergraduate students in the engineering discipline. Students are required to utilize a robotic arm to grasp designated objects collaboratively among students through synchronous interactions online. To compare students’ performance under different pedagogical teaching approaches, students are divided into two groups. They each perform the task individually and collaboratively, albeit in a different order. Our study adopts a quantitative method to measure students' learning outcomes based on the assessment of performing the laboratory tasks and completion time. The results indicate a noteworthy improvement in the individual performance of the group of students who engage in collaborative work prior to the individual tasks. These findings have implications for other remote laboratory setups and highlight the effectiveness of collaborative learning in higher education.
Comparison of quantitative whole body PET parameters on [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT using ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) vs. bayesian penalized likelihood (BPL) reconstruction algorithms in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer
Authors: Ayati Narjess , McIntosh Lachlan , Buteau James , Alipour Ramin , Pudis Michal , Daw Nicholas , Jackson Price , Hofman Michael S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
PSMA PET/CT is a predictive and prognostic biomarker for determining response to [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 in patients with metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Thresholds defined to date may not be generalizable to newer image reconstruction algorithms. Bayesian penalized likelihood (BPL) reconstruction algorithm is a novel reconstruction algorithm that may improve contrast whilst preventing introduction of image noise. The aim of this study is to compare the quantitative parameters obtained using BPL and the Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) reconstruction algorithms.

Methods
Fifty consecutive patients with mCRPC who underwent [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT using OSEM reconstruction to assess suitability for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 therapy were selected. BPL algorithm was then used retrospectively to reconstruct the same PET raw data. Quantitative and volumetric measurements such as tumour standardised uptake value (SUV)max, SUVmean and Molecular Tumour Volume (MTV-PSMA) were calculated on both reconstruction methods. Results were compared (Bland-Altman, Pearson correlation coefficient) including subgroups with low and high-volume disease burdens (MTV-PSMA cut-off 40 mL).

Results
The SUVmax and SUVmean were higher, and MTV-PSMA was lower in the BPL reconstructed images compared to the OSEM group, with a mean difference of 8.4 (17.5%), 0.7 (8.2%) and − 21.5 mL (-3.4%), respectively. There was a strong correlation between the calculated SUVmax, SUVmean, and MTV-PSMA values in the OSEM and BPL reconstructed images (Pearson r values of 0.98, 0.99, and 1.0, respectively). No patients were reclassified from low to high volume disease or vice versa when switching from OSEM to BPL reconstruction.

Conclusions
[68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT quantitative and volumetric parameters produced by BPL and OSEM reconstruction methods are strongly correlated. Differences are proportional and small for SUVmean, which is used as a predictive biomarker. Our study suggests that both reconstruction methods are acceptable without clinical impact on quantitative or volumetric findings. For longitudinal comparison, committing to the same reconstruction method would be preferred to ensure consistency.
High-fat diet, microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, and anxiety-like behavior in male rats
Authors: de Noronha Sylvana I. S. Rendeiro , de Moraes Lauro Angelo Gonçalves , Hassell James E. , Stamper Christopher E. , Arnold Mathew R. , Heinze Jared D. , Foxx Christine L. , Lieb Margaret M. , Cler Kristin E. , Karns Bree L. , Jaekel Sophia , Loupy Kelsey M. , Silva Fernanda C. S. , Chianca- Deoclécio Alves , Lowry Christopher A. , de Menezes Rodrigo Cunha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObesity, associated with the intake of a high-fat diet (HFD), and anxiety are common among those living in modern urban societies. Recent studies suggest a role of microbiome-gut-brain axis signaling, including a role for brain serotonergic systems in the relationship between HFD and anxiety. Evidence suggests the gut microbiome and the serotonergic brain system together may play an important role in this response. Here we conducted a nine-week HFD protocol in male rats, followed by an analysis of the gut microbiome diversity and community composition, brainstem serotonergic gene expression (tph2, htr1a, and slc6a4), and anxiety-related defensive behavioral responses. We show that HFD intake decreased alpha diversity and altered the community composition of the gut microbiome in association with obesity, increased brainstem tph2, htr1a and slc6a4 mRNA expression, including in the caudal part of the dorsomedial dorsal raphe nucleus (cDRD), a subregion previously associated with stress- and anxiety-related behavioral responses, and, finally, increased anxiety-related defensive behavioral responses. The HFD increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio relative to control diet, as well as higher relative abundances of Blautia, and decreases in Prevotella. We found that tph2, htr1a and slc6a4 mRNA expression were increased in subregions of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the HFD, relative to control diet. Specific bacterial taxa were associated with increased serotonergic gene expression in the cDRD. Thus, we propose that HFD-induced obesity is associated with altered microbiome-gut-serotonergic brain axis signaling, leading to increased anxiety-related defensive behavioral responses in rats.
Composition of staff teams in early childhood education and care centres in nine countries
Authors: Shuey Elizabeth A. , Jamet Stéphanie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study draws on data from TALIS Starting Strong 2018, an international survey of early childhood education and care (ECEC) staff and leaders, to examine the staff roles (leader, teacher, assistant, specialised staff, intern, other) that are included in ECEC centres in nine countries: Chile, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Israel, Japan, Korea, Norway and Türkiye. The staffing profiles in ECEC centres are compared across countries as well as within countries, according to whether the centre was co-located with a primary school, its size in terms of the number of children enrolled, and the concentration of children with special needs and those from socio-economically disadvantaged homes. In addition, associations between the share of teachers and assistants in ECEC centres and staff reports of their time working on tasks without children, their collaboration with colleagues, their work-related stress and job satisfaction were examined. Results are discussed in terms of the different policy contexts in the participating countries and implications for building an ECEC workforce to address demands for both increased access to and better ECEC quality for children.
Lidar-derived estimates of forest structure in response to fire frequency
Authors: Ross C. Wade , Loudermilk E. Louise , O’Brien Joseph J. , Flanagan Steven A. , McDaniel Jennifer , Aubrey Doug P. , Lowe Tripp , Hiers J. Kevin , Skowronski Nicholas S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) ecosystems are recognized as biodiversity hotspots, and their sustainability is tightly coupled to a complex nexus of feedbacks between fire, composition, and structure. While previous research has demonstrated that frequent fire is often associated with higher levels of biodiversity, relationships between fire frequency and forest structure are more nuanced because structure can be difficult to measure and characterize. We expanded on this body of research by using lidar to characterize vegetation structure in response to fire frequency at a long-term prescribed-fire experiment. We asked (1) how does prescribed fire frequency affect structure and (2) how do structural metrics vary in the strength of their relationships with fire frequency.

Results
Our results indicated that forest structure varied significantly in response to fire frequency, with more frequent fire reducing vegetation structural complexity. Metrics that characterized the central tendency of vegetation and/or the variance of canopy-related properties were weakly to moderately correlated with prescribed fire frequency, while metrics that captured the vertical dispersion or variability of vegetation throughout the forest strata were moderately to strongly correlated with fire frequency. Of all the metrics evaluated, the understory complexity index had the strongest correlation with fire frequency and explained 88% of the structural variation in response to prescribed fire treatments.

Conclusions
The findings presented in this study highlight the usefulness of lidar technology for characterizing forest structure and that structural complexity cannot be fully characterized by a single metric. Instead, a range of diverse metrics is required to refine scientific understanding of the feedbacks between fire, composition, and structure in support of longleaf pine sustainability. Furthermore, there is a need for further research to broaden structural assessments beyond the overstory and incorporate more understory components, particularly within the realm of prescribed fire science and land management.
Current concept: personalized alignment total knee arthroplasty as a contrast to classical mechanical alignment total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Hiranaka Takafumi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMechanical alignment (MA) total knee arthroplasty (TKA), with neutral leg alignment, mechanical component alignment, and parallel gaps, has achieved good long-term survival. Patient satisfaction, however, is not always perfect. In contrast to the MA, which aims for an ideal goal for all patients, an alternative has been proposed: kinematic alignment (KA)-TKA. In KA, the articular surface is replicated using components aligning with the three kinematic axes. KA-TKA has been gaining popularity, and in addition to the true or calipered KA, various derivatives, such as restricted KA, soft-tissue respecting KA, and functional alignments, have been introduced. Moreover, the functional approach encompasses several sub-approaches. This somewhat complicated scenario has led to some confusion. Therefore, the terminology needs to be re-organized. The term “personalized alignment (PA)” has been used in contrast to the MA approach, including all approaches other than MA. The term “PA-TKA” should be used comprehensively instead of KA and it represents the recent trends in distinct and unique consideration of each individual case. In addition to a comparison between MA and KA, we suggest that evaluation should be conducted to decide which approach is the best for an individual patient within the “personalized alignment” concept.