bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissecting causal relationships between primary biliary cholangitis and extrahepatic autoimmune diseases based on Mendelian randomization
Authors: Ma Gang , Yang Jiaqi , Wang Xingguo , Xia Erzhuo , Yu Jiahao , Zhang Miao , Hu Yinan , Ma Shuoyi , Zhou Xia , Fan Qingling , Han Ying , Wang Jingbo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs an autoimmune disease, up to 73% of patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) have a combination of extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EHAIDs); however, the causal relationship between PBC and EHAIDs is unclear. The genome-wide association analyses provided 14 GWAS data for PBC and EHAIDs, and bidirectional, two-sample MR analyses were performed to examine the relationship between PBC and EHAIDs. The analysis using MR provides a strong and meaningful estimation of the bidirectional correlation between PBC and 7 EHAIDs: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, autoimmune hypothyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis of its types. In addition, PBC increases the risk of autoimmune thyroid diseases such as autoimmune hyperthyroidism and Graves' disease, as well as multiple sclerosis and psoriasis. Additionally, PBC is identified as a risk factor for Crohn's disease and Celiac disease. Based on genetic evidence, there may be connections between PBC and specific EHAIDs: not all coexisting EHAIDs induce PBC, and vice versa. This underscores the significance of prioritizing PBC in clinical practice. Additionally, if any liver function abnormalities are observed during treatment or with EHAIDs, it is crucial to consider the possibility of comorbid PBC.
The parents’ internet use and children’s extracurricular tutoring class participation
Authors: Zhang Kunpeng , Liu Tongyang , Xue Dong , Li Maishou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe educational burden from extracurricular tutoring class has become a pressing social issue in China. This study used data from the China family panel studies (CFPS) in 2014, 2016, and 2018 to empirically analyze the impact of Internet usage on children’s participation in extracurricular tutoring class. There are many factors that influence parents’ decisions to enroll their children in extracurricular tutoring class. These factors include family income status, the level of importance parents place on their children’s education, the marginal returns on educational investment, academic pressure, etc. However, in today’s digitalized society, the widespread use of the internet will also become an important influencing factor in parents’ decisions regarding educational investment. The study finds that, parents by using the Internet significantly increase the probability of enrolling their children in extracurricular tutoring class. Through mechanism regression analysis, it is concluded that internet usage has a positive influence on parents enrolling their children in extracurricular tutoring class by increasing the frequency of social interaction and raising parents’ educational expectations for their children. Based on the empirical results, the following policy suggestions were proposed: 1. Schools should establish a more comprehensive after-school education service system to improve the engagement of students in compulsory education; 2. The government can enhance the accessibility and optimization of educational resources by increasing investment in education, improving the quality of in-school education, and optimizing the management and supervision of extracurricular tutoring class. This ensures that students can access high-quality educational services.
Managing failed vital pulp therapies in mature permanent teeth in a retrospective cohort study, with success and survival rates of managing protocols
Authors: Asgary Saeed , Roghanizadeh Leyla , Eghbal Mohammad Jafar , Akbarzadeh Baghban Alireza 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite advancements in vital pulp therapy (VPT), a subset of cases fails to achieve desired outcomes. This study based on a previous large-scale cohort study involving 1257 VPT-treated teeth, aiming to describe the demographic data and clinical characteristics of all failed cases and their management protocols. Clinical records/images of 105 failed cases treated by a single endodontist (2011–2022) were examined, including 10 extracted teeth. Asymptomatic cases with PDL widening received no intervention, while others underwent management protocols, including (selective) RCT and (tampon) re-VPT. These retreatments were assessed for success (defined as radiographic evidence of healing) and survival (characterized by the retention/function of the treated tooth) using Kaplan–Meier analysis. While 51.4% of all initial failures were diagnosed due to symptoms, 48.6% were symptom-free. Notably, failed cases with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis, and apical periodontitis/widened PDL before initial treatment significantly outnumbered asymptomatic cases and normal PDL, respectively (P = 0.001). Moreover, most of the initial failures were observed in teeth with composite resin rather than amalgam restorations (P = 0.002). The success and survival rates for the management protocols were 91.78% and 95.79%, respectively, over an average follow-up period of 36.94 (± 23.30) months. RCT and re-VPT procedures provide successful outcomes for managing unsuccessful VPTs.
Envirotype-based delineation of environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions in Indian soybean (Glycine max, L.)
Authors: Nataraj Vennampally , Gupta Sanjay , Singh K. H. , Choyal Prince , Nargund Raghavendra , Shivakumar M. , Agrawal Nisha , Kumawat Giriraj , Rajesh Vangala , Verma Rakesh Kumar , Satpute Gyanesh K. , Srikanth Bairi , Kolhe Savita 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSoybean is a rainfed crop grown across a wide range of environments in India. Its grain yield is a complex trait governed by many minor genes and influenced by environmental effects and genotype × environment interactions. In the current investigation, grain yield data of different sets of 41, 30 and 48 soybean genotypes evaluated during 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively across 19 locations and twenty years’ data on 19 different climatic parameters at these locations was used to study the environmental effects on grain yield, to understand the genotype × environment interactions and to identify the mega-environments. Through analysis of variance (ANOVA), it was found that predominant portion of the variation was explained by environmental effects (E) (53.89, 54.86 and 60.56% during 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively), followed by genotype × environment interactions (GEI) (31.29, 33.72 and 28.82% during 2019, 2020 and 2021, respectively). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that grain yield was positively associated with RH (Relative humidity at 2 m height), FRUE (Effect of temperature on radiation use efficiency), WSM (Wind speed at 2 m height) and RTA (Global solar radiation based on latitude and Julian day) and negatively associated with VPD (Deficit of vapour pressure), Trange (Daily temperature range), ETP (Evapotranspiration), SW (Insolation incident on a horizontal surface), n (Actual duration of sunshine) and N (Daylight hours). Identification of mega-environments is critical in enhancing the selection gain, productivity and varietal recommendation. Through envirotyping and genotype main effect plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot methods, nineteen locations across India were grouped into four mega-environments (MEs). ME1 included five locations viz., Bengaluru, Pune, Dharwad, Kasbe Digraj and Umiam. Eight locations—Anand, Amreli, Lokbharti, Bidar, Parbhani, Ranchi, Bhawanipatna and Raipur were included in ME2. Kota and Morena constitutes ME3, while Palampur, Imphal, Mojhera and Almora were included in ME4. Locations Imphal, Bidar and Raipur were found to be both discriminative and representative; these test locations can be utilized in developing wider adaptable soybean cultivars. Pune and Amreli were found to be high-yielding locations and can be used in large scale breeder seed production.
Delocalized spin states at zigzag termini of armchair graphene nanoribbon
Authors: Šćepanović Stefan , Kimouche Amina , Mirković Jovan , Sadiek Gehad , Klamroth Tillmann , Hassanien Abdou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy we demonstrate a revival of magnetism in 7-armchair nanoribbon by unpassivated atoms at the termini. Namely, a pair of intense Kondo resonances emerges at the peripheries of zigzag terminus revealing the many-body screening effects of local magnetic moments. Although Kondo resonance originates from a missing local orbital, it extends to a distance of 2.5 nm along the edge of the ribbon. The results are complemented by density functional theory calculations which suggest a possible coupling between Kondo states despite screening effects of substrate electrons. These findings indicate a possibility to restore intrinsic magnetic ordering in graphene nanoribbon without major structural modifications.
Prediction of incomplete immunization among under-five children in East Africa from recent demographic and health surveys: a machine learning approach
Authors: Tadese Zinabu Bekele , Nigatu Araya Mesfin , Yehuala Tirualem Zeleke , Sebastian Yakub 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe World Health Organization as part of the goal of universal vaccination coverage by 2030 for all individuals. The global under-five mortality rate declined from 59% in 1990 to 38% in 2019, due to high immunization coverage. Despite the significant improvements in immunization coverage, about 20 million children were either unvaccinated or had incomplete immunization, making them more susceptible to mortality and morbidity. This study aimed to identify predictors of incomplete vaccination among children under-5 years in East Africa. An analysis of secondary data from six east African countries using Demographic and Health Survey dataset from 2016 to the recent 2021 was performed. A total weighted sample of 27,806 children aged (12–35) months was included in this study. Data were extracted using STATA version 17 statistical software and imported to a Jupyter notebook for further analysis. A supervised machine learning algorithm was implemented using different classification models. All analysis and calculations were performed using Python 3 programming language in Jupyter Notebook using imblearn, sklearn, XGBoost, and shap packages. XGBoost classifier demonstrated the best performance with accuracy (79.01%), recall (89.88%), F1-score (81.10%), precision (73.89%), and AUC 86%. Predictors of incomplete immunization are identified using XGBoost models with help of Shapely additive eXplanation. This study revealed that the number of living children during birth, antenatal care follow-up, maternal age, place of delivery, birth order, preceding birth interval and mothers’ occupation were the top predicting factors of incomplete immunization. Thus, family planning programs should prioritize the number of living children during birth and the preceding birth interval by enhancing maternal education. In conclusion promoting institutional delivery and increasing the number of antenatal care follow-ups by more than fourfold is encouraged.
ER-to-lysosome-associated degradation acts as failsafe mechanism upon ERAD dysfunction
Authors: Fasana Elisa , Fregno Ilaria , Galli Carmela , Soldà Tatiana , Molinari Maurizio 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) produces proteins destined to organelles of the endocytic and secretory pathways, the plasma membrane, and the extracellular space. While native proteins are transported to their intra- or extracellular site of activity, folding-defective polypeptides are retro-translocated across the ER membrane into the cytoplasm, poly-ubiquitylated and degraded by 26 S proteasomes in a process called ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Large misfolded polypeptides, such as polymers of alpha1 antitrypsin Z (ATZ) or mutant procollagens, fail to be dislocated across the ER membrane and instead enter ER-to-lysosome-associated degradation (ERLAD) pathways. Here, we show that pharmacological or genetic inhibition of ERAD components, such as the α1,2-mannosidase EDEM1 or the OS9 ERAD lectins triggers the delivery of the canonical ERAD clients Null Hong Kong (NHK) and BACE457Δ to degradative endolysosomes under control of the ER-phagy receptor FAM134B and the LC3 lipidation machinery. Our results reveal that ERAD dysfunction is compensated by the activation of FAM134B-driven ERLAD pathways that ensure efficient lysosomal clearance of orphan ERAD clients.
Ischemic Hepatitis and Septic Shock Secondary to Murine Typhus Infection in Pregnancy
Authors: Berry Marissa , Wang Amanda M. , Lahham Rana F. , Zhang Xue , Pacheco Luis D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInfection with murine typhus may be associated with significant morbidity. With nonspecific symptoms and laboratory abnormalities, diagnosis may be challenging. In this case, a pregnant patient presented with complaints of fevers and myalgias. Her laboratory results included severe transaminitis as well as thrombocytopenia and hyponatremia. She ultimately required vasopressor support and intensive care unit admission despite fluid resuscitation and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Empiric doxycycline was initiated due to suspicion for murine typhus, which laboratory testing later confirmed. Her clinical status improved with these interventions. This was a severe case of murine typhus resulting in septic shock and ischemic hepatitis. It is important to know the typical findings of murine typhus and consider it in a differential diagnosis, especially when practicing in endemic areas.
Research on temporal diversity in GVTs: limitations and a new research agenda
Authors: Taras Vas , Stahl Günter K. , Gunkel Marjaana , Kraemer Justin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn addition to cultural and demographic diversity, temporal diversity is increasingly recognized as a crucial factor affecting the dynamics and performance of global virtual teams (GVTs). However, research on temporal diversity tends to analyze the effects of only one source of timing differences at a time: either only time-zone differences or only chronotype differences among the team members. Such a single-focus approach is limiting, and could lead to biased conclusions. We provide a conceptual model that shows how analyzing only one source of temporal diversity at a time can produce an incomplete and even misleading picture. Based on the analysis of different temporal activation patternings, namely the arrangements of timing when team members can fully engage in project-related tasks, we demonstrate how the interplay between time zones and chronotypes can exacerbate or mitigate temporal diversity, resulting in temporal patterns that could be more or less advantageous for a GVT, depending on the team characteristics and nature of its task. We discuss the implications of failing to simultaneously consider both sources of temporal differences when analyzing timing differences among GVT members and provide a guide for future research and practice for handling the issue of temporal diversity more effectively.
Acoustic and articulatory variation of Mandarin diphthong /ou/
Authors: Chang Yung-hsiang Shawn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study compared dynamic formant trajectories and corresponding ultrasound tongue data of the diphthong /ou/ in Taiwan Mandarin and Beijing Mandarin speakers. Results of the Generalized Additive Mixed Models (GAMM) analyses showed that both groups of speakers produced a clearly diphthongal /ou/, which contrasts with previous auditory-based accounts that /ou/ in Taiwan Mandarin may be monophthongal. The two dialects, however, had rather different phonetic realizations: Taiwan Mandarin had a significantly lower realization for the nucleus of /ou/ than its Beijing counterpart; Taiwan Mandarin also had a significantly more fronted realization for the offglide than Beijing Mandarin. The articulatory patterns mostly corresponded to the acoustic results, in that while tongue dorsum raising was found for all speakers in this study, an additional tongue dorsum fronting gesture was observed for the majority of the Taiwan Mandarin speakers. Together, the results suggest that the less studied dialectal variation in Mandarin vowels may be a promising line of investigation, particularly with parallel acoustic and articulatory data collection.
Gorani substrate within Kurdish
Authors: Mohammadirad Masoud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The traditional view within Kurdish linguistics is that the split between Central Kurdish (CK) and Northern
Kurdish (NK) is mainly the result of a Gorani substrate within the former group. More recent studies refute this hypothesis,
arguing instead that Kurdish was initially composed of two distinct but closely related subgroups and that the differences between
CK and NK are partly due to distinct source languages and partly due to ensuing contact with neighbouring languages. This study
aims to shed new light on the Gorani-substrate hypothesis within CK by examining a corpus-based study of the southernmost CK
dialects located within the historical Gorani heartland. Combining recent historical accounts of language shift from Gorani to CK
in the region with linguistic data, the paper claims that (i) Gorani borrowings and substrate features reflect different layers of
historical contact in Southern CK dialects and (ii) the Gorani substrate has caused a split in the morphosyntactic features across
vernaculars of CK, showcasing second-language learning in shaping the historically recent development of Southern CK dialects.
Frequency selective rasorber based on cross bend resonators for wideband transmission and absorption
Authors: Li Xiu-Feng , Wang Chao , Wang Bing , Du JunZhao , Zhang Sheng-Jun , Wang Ru-Zhi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The wideband absorption and transmission of frequency-selective rasorber (FSR) remain a persistent challenge in the application of radar devices. In this article, a novel high performance wideband FSR design based on cross bend resonators was proposed. The FSR consists of an upper absorption lossy layer, which offers broad absorption and transmission bands, and a lower bandpass frequency-selective surface that enables a highly selective transmission of incident electromagnetic wave. Full wave simulation results showed that this novel design achieves an absorption bandwidth of 83.7% with more than 90% absorptivity in the frequency range of 5.2–12.7 GHz. Furthermore, the passband’s fractional bandwidth for the insertion loss (IL) less than −3 dB is 33.9%, ranging from 14.9 to 21 GHz, with the minimum IL recorded at 0.69 dB at 17.7 GHz. To further verify the proposed method, a prototype FSR with 10 × 10 units of 120 mm × 120 mm was fabricated and the performance of the FSR was tested. The experiment results were in good agreement with the simulated results, and it showed a significant monostatic radar cross-section reduction in the frequency range of 5.3 GHz to 18.3 GHz compared with a metallic plane of the same size.
A cross species thermoelectric and spatiotemporal analysis of alternans in live explanted hearts using dual voltage-calcium fluorescence optical mapping
Authors: Crispino Anna , Loppini Alessandro , Uzelac Ilija , Iravanian Shahriar , Bhatia Neal K , Burke Michael , Filippi Simonetta , Fenton Flavio H , Gizzi Alessio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. Temperature plays a crucial role in influencing the spatiotemporal dynamics of the heart. Electrical instabilities due to specific thermal conditions typically lead to early period-doubling bifurcations and beat-to-beat alternans. These pro-arrhythmic phenomena manifest in voltage and calcium traces, resulting in compromised contractile behaviors. In such intricate scenario, dual optical mapping technique was used to uncover unexplored multi-scale and nonlinear couplings, essential for early detection and understanding of cardiac arrhythmia. Approach. We propose a methodological analysis of synchronized voltage-calcium signals for detecting alternans, restitution curves, and spatiotemporal alternans patterns under different thermal conditions, based on integral features calculation. To validate our approach, we conducted a cross-species investigation involving rabbit and guinea pig epicardial ventricular surfaces and human endocardial tissue under pacing-down protocols. Main results. We show that the proposed integral feature, as the area under the curve, could be an easily applicable indicator that may enhance the predictability of the onset and progression of cardiac alternans. Insights into spatiotemporal correlation analysis of characteristic spatial lengths across different heart species were further provided. Significance. Exploring cross-species thermoelectric features contributes to understanding temperature-dependent proarrhythmic regimes and their implications on coupled spatiotemporal voltage-calcium dynamics. The findings provide preliminary insights and potential strategies for enhancing arrhythmia detection and treatment.
Highly comparative time series analysis of oxygen saturation and heart rate to predict respiratory outcomes in extremely preterm infants
Authors: Qiu Jiaxing , Di Fiore Juliann M , Krishnamurthi Narayanan , Indic Premananda , Carroll John L , Claure Nelson , Kemp James S , Dennery Phyllis A , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Weese-Mayer Debra E , Maria Hibbs Anna , Martin Richard J , Bancalari Eduardo , Hamvas Aaron , Randall Moorman J , Lake Douglas E ,   Pre-Vent Investigators, Krahn Katy N , Zimmet Amanda M , Hopkins Bradley S , Lonergan Erin K , Rand Casey M , Zadell Arlene , Nakhmani Arie , Carlo Waldemar A , Laney Deborah , Travers Colm P , Vanbuskirk Silvia , D’Ugard Carmen , Aguilar Ana Cecilia , Schott Alini , Hoffmann Julie , Linneman Laura 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. Highly comparative time series analysis (HCTSA) is a novel approach involving massive feature extraction using publicly available code from many disciplines. The Prematurity-Related Ventilatory Control (Pre-Vent) observational multicenter prospective study collected bedside monitor data from

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700

extremely preterm infants to identify physiologic features that predict respiratory outcomes. Approach. We calculated a subset of 33 HCTSA features on

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7

M 10 min windows of oxygen saturation (SPO2) and heart rate (HR) from the Pre-Vent cohort to quantify predictive performance. This subset included representatives previously identified using unsupervised clustering on

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3500

HCTSA algorithms. We hypothesized that the best HCTSA algorithms would compare favorably to optimal PreVent physiologic predictor IH90_DPE (duration per event of intermittent hypoxemia events below 90%). Main Results. The top HCTSA features were from a cluster of algorithms associated with the autocorrelation of SPO2 time series and identified low frequency patterns of desaturation as high risk. These features had comparable performance to and were highly correlated with IH90_DPE but perhaps measure the physiologic status of an infant in a more robust way that warrants further investigation. The top HR HCTSA features were symbolic transformation measures that had previously been identified as strong predictors of neonatal mortality. HR metrics were only important predictors at early days of life which was likely due to the larger proportion of infants whose outcome was death by any cause. A simple HCTSA model using 3 top features outperformed IH90_DPE at day of life 7 (.778 versus .729) but was essentially equivalent at day of life 28 (.849 versus .850). Significance. These results validated the utility of a representative HCTSA approach but also provides additional evidence supporting IH90_DPE as an optimal predictor of respiratory outcomes.