bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distance Treatment of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Wootton Bethany M. , Titov Nickolai 
Published: August 2010

AbstractObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is an important mental health problem. The Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing estimates the 12-month prevalence of OCD is 1.9% (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2007). Individuals with OCD experience considerable impairment in daily functioning. Cognitive and behavioural therapy for OCD has been shown to be effective, however, accessibility to evidence based treatments is limited in Australia, especially for those living in rural and remote communities. Treatment delivered in a remote fashion may improve accessibility to such treatments. The present review aimed to evaluate the current status of evidence based treatments for OCD delivered remotely.
Yin and Yang of Histone H2B Roles in Silencing and Longevity: A Tale of Two Arginines
Authors: Dai Junbiao , Hyland Edel M , Norris Anne , Boeke Jef D 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIn budding yeast, silent chromatin is defined at the region of telomeres, rDNA loci, and silent mating loci. Although the silent chromatin at different loci shows structural similarity, the underlying mechanism to establish, maintain, and inherit these structures may be fundamentally different. In this study, we found two arginine residues within histone H2B, which are specifically required to maintain either the telomeric or the rDNA silenct chromatin. Arginine 95 (R95) plays a specific role at telomeres, whereas arginine 102 (R102) is required to maintain the silent chromatin at rDNA and to ensure the integrity of rDNA loci by suppressing recombination between rDNA repeats. R95 mutants show enhanced rDNA silencing but a paradoxically low Sir2 protein abundance. Furthermore weakened silencing at telomeres in R95 mutants can be suppressed by a specific SIR3 allele, SIR3–D205N, which increases the affinity of Sir proteins to telomeres, suggesting H2B–R95 may directly mediate telomeric Sir protein–nucleosome interactions. Double mutations of R95 and R102 lead to desilencing of both rDNA and telomeres, indicating both arginines are necessary to ensure integrity of silent chromatin at these loci. Furthermore, mutations of R102 cause accumulation of extrachromosomal rDNA circles and reduce life span, suggesting that histone H2B contributes to longevity.
Prediction of Death for Extremely Premature Infants in a Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Lee Henry Chong , Green Charles , Hintz Susan R. , Tyson Jon E. , Parikh Nehal A. , Langer John , Gould Jeffrey B. 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE:
Although gestational age (GA) is often used as the primary basis for counseling and decision-making for extremely premature infants, a study of tertiary care centers showed that additional factors could improve prediction of outcomes. Our objective was to determine how such a model could improve predictions for a population-based cohort.

METHODS:
From 2005 to 2008, data were collected prospectively for the California Perinatal Quality Care Collaborative, which encompasses 90% of NICUs in California. For infants born at GAs of 22 to 25 weeks, we assessed the ability of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development 5-factor model to predict survival rates, compared with a model using GA alone.

RESULTS:
In the study cohort of 4527 infants, 3647 received intensive care. Survival rates were 53% for the whole cohort and 66% for infants who received intensive care. In multivariate analyses of data for infants who received intensive care, prenatal steroid exposure, female sex, singleton birth, and higher birth weight (per 100-g increment) were each associated with a reduction in the risk of death before discharge similar to that for a 1-week increase in GA. The multivariate model increased the ability to group infants in the highest and lowest risk categories (mortality rates of &gt;80% and &lt;20%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS:
In a population-based cohort, the addition of prenatal steroid exposure, sex, singleton or multiple birth, and birth weight to GA allowed for improved prediction of rates of survival to discharge for extremely premature infants.
Adipose Tissue Endothelial Cells From Obese Human Subjects: Differences Among Depots in Angiogenic, Metabolic, and Inflammatory Gene Expression and Cellular Senescence
Authors: Villaret Aurélie , Galitzky Jean , Decaunes Pauline , Estève David , Marques Marie-Adeline , Sengenès Coralie , Chiotasso Patrick , Tchkonia Tamara , Lafontan Max , Kirkland James L. , Bouloumié Anne 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE
Regional differences among adipose depots in capacities for fatty acid storage, susceptibility to hypoxia, and inflammation likely contribute to complications of obesity. We defined the properties of endothelial cells (EC) isolated from subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) biopsied in parallel from obese subjects.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The architecture and properties of the fat tissue capillary network were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. CD34+/CD31+ EC were isolated by immunoselection/depletion. Expression of chemokines, adhesion molecules, angiogenic factor receptors, as well as lipogenic and senescence-related genes were assayed by real-time PCR. Fat cell size and expression of hypoxia-dependent genes were determined in adipocytes from both fat depots.

RESULTS
Hypoxia-related genes were more highly expressed in VAT than SAT adipocytes. VAT adipocytes were smaller than SAT adipocytes. Vascular density and EC abundance were higher in VAT. VAT-EC exhibited a marked angiogenic and inflammatory state with decreased expression of metabolism-related genes, including endothelial lipase, GPIHBP1, and PPAR gamma. VAT-EC had enhanced expression of the cellular senescence markers, IGFBP3 and γ-H2AX, and decreased expression of SIRT1. Exposure to VAT adipocytes caused more EC senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity than SAT adipocytes, an effect reduced in the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) neutralizing antibodies.

CONCLUSIONS
VAT-EC exhibit a more marked angiogenic and proinflammatory state than SAT-EC. This phenotype may be related to premature EC senescence. VAT-EC may contribute to hypoxia and inflammation in VAT.
Accelerated Progression From Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia in People With Diabetes
Authors: Xu Weili , Caracciolo Barbara , Wang Hui-Xin , Winblad Bengt , Bäckman Lars , Qiu Chengxuan , Fratiglioni Laura 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE
The effect of diabetes on mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and its conversion to dementia remains controversial. We sought to examine whether diabetes and pre-diabetes are associated with MCI and accelerate the progression from MCI to dementia.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In the Kungsholmen Project, 963 cognitively intact participants and 302 subjects with MCI (120 with amnestic MCI [aMCI ] and 182 with other cognitive impairment no dementia [oCIND]) age ≥75 years were identified at baseline. The two cohorts were followed for 9 years to detect the incident MCI and dementia following international criteria. Diabetes was ascertained based on a medical examination, hypoglycemic medication use, and random blood glucose level ≥11.0 mmol/l. Pre-diabetes was defined as random blood glucose level of 7.8–11.0 mmol/l in diabetes-free participants. Data were analyzed using standard and time-dependent Cox proportional-hazards models.

RESULTS
During the follow-up period, in the cognitively intact cohort, 182 people developed MCI (42 aMCI and 140 oCIND), and 212 developed dementia. In the MCI cohort, 155 subjects progressed to dementia, the multi-adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI) of dementia was 2.87 (1.30–6.34) for diabetes, and 4.96 (2.27–10.84) for pre-diabetes. In a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, diabetes and pre-diabetes accelerated the progression from MCI to dementia by 3.18 years. Diabetes and pre-diabetes were neither cross-sectionally nor longitudinally associated with MCI.

CONCLUSIONS
Diabetes and pre-diabetes substantially accelerate the progression from MCI to dementia, and anticipate dementia occurrence by more than 3 years in people with MCI. The association of diabetes with the development of MCI is less evident in old people.
Fibrosis in Human Adipose Tissue: Composition, Distribution, and Link With Lipid Metabolism and Fat Mass Loss
Authors: Divoux Adeline , Tordjman Joan , Lacasa Danièle , Veyrie Nicolas , Hugol Danielle , Aissat Abdelhalim , Basdevant Arnaud , Guerre-Millo Michèle , Poitou Christine , Zucker Jean-Daniel , Bedossa Pierre , Clément Karine 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE
Fibrosis is a newly appreciated hallmark of the pathological alteration of human white adipose tissue (WAT). We investigated the composition of subcutaneous (scWAT) and omental WAT (oWAT) fibrosis in obesity and its relationship with metabolic alterations and surgery-induced weight loss.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Surgical biopsies for scWAT and oWAT were obtained in 65 obese (BMI 48.2 ± 0.8 kg/m2) and 9 lean subjects (BMI 22.8 ± 0.7 kg/m2). Obese subjects who were candidates for bariatric surgery were clinically characterized before, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery, including fat mass evaluation by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. WAT fibrosis was quantified and characterized using quantitative PCR, microscopic observation, and immunohistochemistry.

RESULTS
Fibrosis amount, distribution and collagen types (I, III, and VI) present distinct characteristics in lean and obese subjects and with WAT depots localization (subcutaneous or omental). Obese subjects had more total fibrosis in oWAT and had more pericellular fibrosis around adipocytes than lean subjects in both depots. Macrophages and mastocytes were highly represented in fibrotic bundles in oWAT, whereas scWAT was more frequently characterized by hypocellular fibrosis. The oWAT fibrosis negatively correlated with omental adipocyte diameters (R = −0.30, P = 0.02), and with triglyceride levels (R = −0.42, P &lt; 0.01), and positively with apoA1 (R = 0.25, P = 0.05). Importantly, scWAT fibrosis correlated negatively with fat mass loss measured at the three time points after surgery.

CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest differential clinical consequences of fibrosis in human WAT. In oWAT, fibrosis could contribute to limit adipocyte hypertrophy and is associated with a better lipid profile, whereas scWAT fibrosis may hamper fat mass loss induced by surgery.
Association Between Higher Serum Fetuin-A Concentrations and Abnormal Albuminuria in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese With Normal Glucose Tolerance
Authors: Li Mian , Xu Min , Bi Yufang , Song Aiyun , Liu Yu , Li Xiaoying , Ning Guang 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE
To study the association of serum fetuin-A as a potential risk factor with abnormal albuminuria in Chinese individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The cross-sectional analysis included 607 men and 1,042 women aged 40 or older with NGT.

RESULTS
Women with combined microalbuminuria and macroalbuminuria (n = 68) had significantly higher serum fetuin-A concentrations than those with normal albumin excretion (n = 974) (314.3 vs. 280.4 mg/l, P = 0.007). Compared with the lowest quartile, the highest quartile of serum fetuin-A had 40% increased risk of abnormal albuminuria after the multiple adjustments in women (Pfor trend = 0.02). However, the associations were not detected in men.

CONCLUSIONS
Higher serum fetuin-A was associated with abnormal albuminuria independent of BMI, waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, blood pressure, and other determinants of albuminuria in middle-aged and elderly Chinese women with NGT.
Cardiac output measured by electrical velocimetry in the CT suite correlates with coronary artery enhancement: A feasibility study
Authors: Flinck Marianne , Gradén Åsa , Milde Helén , Flinck Agneta , Hellström Mikael , Björk Jonas , Nyman Ulf 
Published: August 2010

Background: Cardiac output (CO) is inversely related to vascular contrast medium (CM) enhancement during computed tomography (CT). Impedance cardiography with a new technique, electrical velocimetry (EV), may create opportunities to measure CO pre-examination for adaptation of CM injection parameters. Purpose: To relate COEV measured by radiology staff to aortic attenuation as a measure of coronary artery attenuation during CT coronary angiography (CTCA), and to formulate a tentative statistical model to adapt CM injection parameters to CO. Material and Methods: COEV was measured immediately before 100 kVp CTCA (64-multirow detector) in 27 patients with presumed coronary artery disease. For CTCA, 260 mg I/kg (maximum dosage weight: 80/90 kg for women/men) was injected intravenously during 12 s. Simple linear regression analysis was performed to explore the correlation between aortic attenuation (Hounsfield units, HU) and body weight, the influence of COEV on aortic attenuation adjusted to injected CM dose rate (HU per mg I/kg/s), and to establish a tentative formula on how to adapt CM injection parameters to COEV and desired aortic attenuation. Results: The correlation between aortic attenuation and body weight was weak and non-significant ( r=−0.14 after outlier exclusion). A significant negative correlation ( r=−0.63) was found between aortic attenuation adjusted to injected CM dose rate (HU per mg I/kg/s) and COEV. The resulting formula, CM dose rate=COEV×(aortic attenuation−240)/55, made it possible to calculate CM volumes and injection rates at various COs and, for example, the present mean aortic attenuation (438 HU), injection time (12 s), CM concentration (320 mg I/ml), and a certain body weight. Conclusion: EV makes it possible to measure CO in the CT suite before vascular examinations. Hence, CM doses may be decreased in low CO states to reduce the risk of CM-induced nephropathy without jeopardizing diagnostic quality and may be increased in high CO states to avoid poor enhancement.
Spatiotemporal variation in the reproductive ecology of two parapatric subspecies ofOenothera cespitosa(Onagraceae)
Authors: Artz Derek R. , Villagra Cristian A. , Raguso Robert A. 
Published: August 2010

•Premise of the study: Flowering plants that rely on pollinators for most of their reproduction may experience unpredictable and inconsistent availability of effective pollinators throughout their reproductive lifetime. We investigated the reproductive ecology of two subspecies of the tufted evening primrose,Oenothera cespitosa, which occupy geographically and edaphically distinct habitats in western North America:O. cespitosasubsp.navajoensisinhabits sandstone soils on open sites or rocky slopes in the Colorado Plateau andO. cespitosasubsp.cespitosagrows in clay soils on talus slopes and exposed rocky ridges in the western Great Plains and northern Rocky Mountains of the United States.•Methods: Pollen augmentation and selfing experiments, floral visitor observations, and single‐visit effectiveness experiments were conducted over 4 years to examine the breeding system and spatiotemporal variation in pollinator behavior, assemblage, and abundance at different populations for each subspecies.•Key results: Both subspecies ofO. cespitosawere self‐incompatible and pollen‐limited, suggesting that the relative abundance, effectiveness, and movement patterns of different insects as pollinators influenced the quality and quantity of seed production in these plants. Medium‐sized vespertine hawkmoths (Hyles lineata,Sphinx vashti) were effective pollinators when present, as were large matinal bees (Anthophora affabilis,A. dammersi,Xylocopa tabaniformis androleuca), whereas small oligolecticLasioglossumbees primarily functioned as pollen thieves in the evening and morning.•Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of variability of pollinator composition and abundance in the evolution of plant breeding systems and reproductive success at varying spatial and temporal scales.
Carnets de bord
Authors: Puyuelo Rémy 
Published: August 2010

Résumé Témoignage du journal de bord d’un pédo-psychiatre, directeur d’un institut de rééducation, en 1986. Comment l’écriture peut-elle constituer un mode d’analyse de cette pratique de direction ? À travers des instantanés de la vie du directeur et de l’institution, comment reprend-il ces moments de vie pour leur donner du sens et les utiliser dans l’animation de la vie institutionnelle ?
Lier management et clinique ? Des paradoxes aux perspectives
Authors: Bouquet Brigitte 
Published: August 2010

Résumé Comment penser l’intervention sociale, en tension entre sa nécessaire modernisation et un risque de contrôle social accru? Comment vivre avec ces paradoxes qu’il faut maîtriser au mieux ? Peut-on les transformer en ouverture sur le devenir ? Telle est la réflexion menée. Après avoir montré les effets a-critiques et contre-productifs de la gestion, pointés par de très nombreux auteurs sociologues, philosophes et une majorité de travailleurs sociaux, les conditions d’un « management social» sont abordées; ensuite est analysée la clinique sociale dans sa posture et ses enjeux. Si la démarche clinique consiste bien en une attention particulière portée à la personne, renvoie au sujet, toute clinique qui se développe au sein d’un établissement ne peut le faire qu’en s’articulant avec la vie institutionnelle. Et pour la société, la question d’une clinique porteuse des projets démocratiques énoncés dans la constitution de la République est plus que jamais posée. Pour tenter de passer des paradoxes aux prospectives, plusieurs voies sont mentionnées afin de lier management et clinique dans le respect des finalités du travail social.
Internalization and Coreceptor Expression Are Critical for TLR2-Mediated Recognition of Lipoteichoic Acid in Human Peripheral Blood
Authors: Bunk Sebastian , Sigel Stefanie , Metzdorf Daniela , Sharif Omar , Triantafilou Kathy , Triantafilou Martha , Hartung Thomas , Knapp Sylvia , von Aulock Sonja 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Lipoteichoic acid (LTA), a ubiquitous cell wall component of Gram-positive bacteria, represents a potent immunostimulatory molecule. Because LTA of a mutant Staphylococcus aureus strain lacking lipoproteins (Δlgt-LTA) has been described to be immunobiologically inactive despite a lack of ascertained structural differences to wild-type LTA (wt-LTA), we investigated the functional requirements for the recognition of Δlgt-LTA by human peripheral blood cells. In this study, we demonstrate that Δlgt-LTA–induced immune activation critically depends on the immobilization of LTA and the presence of human serum components, which, to a lesser degree, was also observed for wt-LTA. Under experimental conditions allowing LTA-mediated stimulation, we found no differences between the immunostimulatory capacity of Δlgt-LTA and wt-LTA in human blood cells, arguing for a limited contribution of possible lipoprotein contaminants to wt-LTA–mediated immune activation. In contrast to human blood cells, TLR2-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells could be activated only by wt-LTA, whereas activation of these cells by Δlgt-LTA required the additional expression of TLR6 and CD14, suggesting that activation of human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing solely TLR2 is probably mediated by residual lipoproteins in wt-LTA. Notably, in human peripheral blood, LTA-specific IgG Abs are essential for Δlgt-LTA–mediated immune activation and appear to induce the phagocytic uptake of Δlgt-LTA via engagement of FcγRII. In this study, we have elucidated a novel mechanism of LTA-induced cytokine induction in human peripheral blood cells that involves uptake of LTA and subsequent intracellular recognition driven by TLR2, TLR6, and CD14.
In Aged Mice, Outgrowth of Intraocular Melanoma Depends on Proangiogenic M2-Type Macrophages
Authors: Ly Long V. , Baghat Aabed , Versluis Mieke , Jordanova Ekaterina S. , Luyten Gregorius P. M. , van Rooijen Nico , van Hall Thorbald , van der Velden Pieter A. , Jager Martine J. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Macrophages are part of the tumor microenvironment and have been associated with poor prognosis in uveal melanoma. We determined the presence of macrophages and their differentiation status in a murine intraocular melanoma model. Inoculation of B16F10 cells into the anterior chamber of the eye resulted in rapid tumor outgrowth. Strikingly, in aged mice, tumor progression depended on the presence of macrophages, as local depletion of these cells prevented tumor outgrowth, indicating that macrophages in old mice had a strong tumor-promoting role. Immunohistochemistry and gene expression analysis revealed that macrophages carried M2-type characteristics, as shown by CD163 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ expression, and that multiple angiogenic genes were heavily overrepresented in tumors of old mice. The M2-type macrophages were also shown to have immunosuppressive features. We conclude that tumor-associated macrophages are directly involved in tumor outgrowth of intraocular melanoma and that macrophages in aged mice have a predisposition for an M2-type profile.
Tyrosine Kinase 2 Controls IL-1β Production at the Translational Level
Authors: Radwan Marta , Stiefvater Rita , Grunert Tom , Sharif Omar , Miller Ingrid , Marchetti-Deschmann Martina , Allmaier Günter , Gemeiner Manfred , Knapp Sylvia , Kovarik Pavel , Müller Mathias , Strobl Birgit 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
IL-1β is an important proinflammatory cytokine with a major role in several inflammatory diseases. Expression of IL-1β is tightly regulated at the level of transcription, mRNA stability, and proteolytic processing. In this study, we report that IL-1β expression in response to LPS is also regulated at the translational level. LPS-induced IL-1β protein levels in macrophages derived from murine bone marrow are markedly increased in the absence of tyrosine kinase 2 (Tyk2). Increased IL-1β is found intra- and extracellularly, irrespective of the efficiency of IL-1β processing. We show that the absence of Tyk2 results both in higher translational rates and in enhanced association of IL-1β mRNA with polysomes. Induction and stability of IL-1β mRNA are not affected by the lack of Tyk2. We show further that the Tyk2-dependent translational inhibition is mediated by autocrine/paracrine type I IFN signaling and requires signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. Enhanced IL-1β production in Tyk2- and IFN receptor 1-deficient macrophages is also observed following Listeria monocytogenes infection. Taken together, the data describe a novel mechanism for the control of IL-1β synthesis.