bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN CENTRIFUGAL TESTING OF SOIL MODELS
Authors: El‐Beik A. H. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSince 1969 photogrammetric techniques have been employed as a means of obtaining precise measurements of surface movement of soil models spinning in a centrifuge at a speed of up to 45 m s‐1. Over 100 soil model tests have been performed on about 12 different types of soil stability problem during this period. Tests have been monitored by a closed circuit TV system; two Zeiss (Jena) UMK 10/1318 cameras and a powerful flash unit have been employed to provide a succession of stereopairs.A brief summary of the theory of soil model similarity is presented, together with a description of the tests and their photographic and photogrammetric requirements. A method of recording measurements using a Kelsh plotter with a resulting accuracy of ± 0.2 mm is demonstrated.Settlement/heave gravity curves, resulting from photogrammetric measurements, are illustrated. The nature of the failure of soil models, as well as the prediction of similar behaviour on the full scale prototype, can be made from these curves.
STRUCTURAL DEFORMATION MEASUREMENT OF A MODEL BOX GIRDER BRIDGE
Authors: Scott P. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA model of a multiple box girder bridge, constructed at a scale of 1: 12, was subjected to an ultimate load test. Deformations were measured photogrammetrically using the method of false parallax. Modifications to the method are described which were necessary to accommodate the three dimensional object and to allow for the fact that the camera stations were not constant from one load stage photograph to the next. An accuracy of ± 0·2 mm in the measured deformations was achieved.RésuméUn modèle de boîte de vitesse à l'échelle 1: 12 est soumis à des essais de rupture; on mesure les déformations par photogrammétrie, en utilisant la méthode de la “pseudo‐parallaxe”; des modifications ont dûêtre apportées à la méthode pour tenir compte du volume de l'objet et de la variation des points de vue entre les différents états de charge. On a obtenu une exactitude de ± 0·2 mm.ZusammenfassungEin Modell einer Hohlkasten‐Balkenbrücke im Masstab 1: 12 wurde einem maximalen Belastungstest unterworfen. Die Deformationen wurden dabei photogrammetrisch mit Hilfe von Pseudoparallaxen gemessen. Beschreibung der Veränderungen der Methode, die wagen der Anpassung an das dreidimensionale Objekt notwendig waren und der Tatsache Rechnung trugen, dass die Kammerstandpunkte bei den Belastungen nicht konstant blieben. Die Deformationen konnten mit einer Genauigkeit von ± 0·2 mm bestimmt werden.
SOME DEVELOPMENTS IN ANALYTICAL AERIAL TRIANGULATION
Authors: Methley B. D. F. , Elmaleeh M. E. , Abdillahi M. H. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractDetails are given of some aerial triangulation programs for use in both on line and off line modes. The results from experiments with data taken from established test areas are included. Further results are then given to demonstrate the effectiveness of a technique for compensating for systematic height error, in this case using a normal production block.RésuméDes détails sur quelques programmes d'aérotriangulation utilisables à la fois en direct et en différé sont fournis. On y inclut les résultats d'expérimentations effectuées sur les données provenant de polygones‐tests éprouvés. Des résultats supplémentaires sont également donnés pour illustrer l'efficacité d'une méthode de compensation des erreurs altimétriques systématiques, en se basant cette fois sur un bloc normal rencontré en production.ZusammenfassungEs werden Details für einige Aerotriangulationsprogramme zur Anwendung sowohl im On‐line als auch Off‐line Verfahren angegeben. Dazu werden die Ergebnisse von Experimenten mit Testaufnahmen angegeben. Weitere Ergebnisse werden dann angegeben, um die Leistungsfähigkeit bei der Eliminierung systematischer Höhenfehler zu demonstrieren, wobei ein Produktionsblock verwendet wurde.
PLUMB‐BOB TO PLOTTER: DEVELOPMENTS IN ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
Authors: Dallas R. W. A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper reviews the growth in the use of photogrammetric techniques in architecture, principally in the United Kingdom, over the past ten years. The work of the various establishments involved in architectural photogrammetry is described and the results of a questionnaire, distributed within the architectural profession, are analysed. Some comparisons are made with developments elsewhere in Europe.RésuméOn examine dans cet article l'extension qu'a connue l'utilisation des méthodes photogrammétriques en architecture au cows des dix dernières années, principalement dans le Royaume‐Uni. On y décrit les travaux des divers organismes impliqués dans la photogrammétrie architecturale et l'on y analyse les résultats d'un questionnaire diffusé au sein de la profession liée à l'architecture. On fournit enfin quelques comparaisons avec les développements constatés par ailleurs en Europe.ZusammenfassungIm Artikel wird über die zunehmende Anwendung photogrammetrischer Verfahren während der letzten 10 Jahre in der Architektur, insbesondere im Vereinigten Königreich, berichtet. Die Arbeit verschiedener Institutionen, die sich mit Architekturphotogrammetrie befassen, wird beschrieben, und es werden die Ergebnisse eines unter Architekten verteilten Fragebogens analysiert. Weiterhin werden Vergleiche zu Entwicklungen in anderen europäischen Ländern gezogen.
SOME EXPERIENCES USING PAT‐M AERIAL TRIANGULATION ADJUSTMENT PACKAGE
Authors: Farrow J. E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe PAT‐M program package was purchased in late 1979 for use in British government surveying departments. Some initial experiences in using this method are described and discussed.RésuméLes établissements publics britanniques de levé ont acquis à la fin 1979 un ensemble de programmes PAT‐M. Les premières expérimentations de ce système font l'objet d'une description suivie d'une discussion.ZusammenfassungEnde 1979 wurde das PAT‐M Programmpaket zur Nutzung bei Britischen Vermessungsbehörden angekauft. Einige erste Erfahrungen bei Nutzung des Verfahrens werden beschrieben und diskutiert.
EVALUATION OF METRIC CAMERA PHOTOGRAPHY FOR MAPPING AND CO‐ORDINATE DETERMINATION
Authors: Meneguette A. A. C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRigorous photogrammetric methods have been used to carry out a detailed evaluation of Metric Camera panchromatic photographs of two areas, one in south‐east France and the other on the coast of Libya. Inner, relative and absolute orientation and space resection were performed in order to determine how accurately ground co‐ordinates can be obtained and the most suitable scale for mapping. Results of absolute orientation (residuals of 19m in plan and 26m in height) indicate that it is possible to produce maps at 1:100000 scale with contours at 100m intervals. Plotting has been done at 1:100000 scale showing cultural and drainage features. It was not possible to identify all detail which is plotted on existing 1:100000 scale line maps.
ERRORS IN DEPTH DETERMINATION CAUSED BY WAVES IN THROUGH‐WATER PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Fryer J. G. , Kniest H. T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe determination of depths in shallow water from aerial platforms will become increasingly important as exploitation of coastal resources intensifies. Until a theoretical study of the errors in depth which could be reasonably expected from two‐media photogrammetry was made by Okamoto in 1982, there was little relevant literature apart from some isolated case studies. This paper examines the magnitude and distribution of errors in depth caused by the presence of waves on the water surface. The effects of random errors of observational measurement, in combination with waves, are assessed. A conclusion is reached that the traditional method of underwater depth calculation should be modified when the scale of the two media photography is greater than 1:4000.
THE NON‐INVASIVE MEASUREMENT OF VOID FRACTION AND VELOCITY IN TWO PHASE FLOW USING HIGH SPEED PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEOPHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Stewart P. A. E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe presence of air and liquid, or two phase flow, in gas turbine oil or fuel systems poses performance analysis problems. Conventional instrumentation is invasive and, by its presence, changes the nature of the flow itself In order to analyse a system comprehensively, a number of non‐invasive measurements are preferable. One of the objectives of this project was to determine the feasibility of photogrammetry for this task. The study has fallen into two parts. The first part which has been completed, and is reported here, concerns an investigation of the problems of applying the photogrammetric technique by using stereoscopic images of two phase flow structures and measuring them using calibrated equipment. This has been successful and valuable experience has been gained. Images have been analysed and scientific data obtained. However the nature of the flow is transient and a series of isolated images do not describe the processes and may lead to ambiguities. For this reason, the opportunity provided by John Hadland Ltd. to use the Spin Physics SP2000 High Speed Video system in August, 1984 was taken; using calibrated twin video cameras, the first high speed digital video photogrammetric system was thus operated. Accuracies in three dimensions of better than 0.5 mm are claimed for this experimental work at 1000 fiames s‐I.
INDUSTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY: NEW DEVELOPMENTS AND RECENT APPLICATIONS
Authors: Fraser C. S. , Brown D. C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOver the past decade, photogrammetry has been increasingly applied as a precise three dimensional measuring tool in industrial and engineering works. Analytical photogrammetry is now routinely employed in tasks of measurement as diverse as machine tool inspection and fixture checking, structural deformation monitoring, the provision of control databases to guide industrial robots and the measurement of structures in earth orbit. Traditional photogrammetric techniques and instrumentation are usually inappropriate for industrial work and the development of complete, fully integrated close range photogrammetric systems has recently gained considerable impetus. This paper details some of the significant new developments in industrial photogrammetry, with particular reference to technological advances in the Simultaneous Triangulation and Resection System (STARS) designed by Geodetic Services, Inc. for industrial photograininetry. Practical aspects of industrial measurement are also presented in a review of some of the varying tasks that GSI has carried out in recent years. Emphasis is placed on demonstrating the flexibility, accuracy, reliability and economy of photogrammetry, as well as the progress made in automating this measurement technique.
THE ROLE OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY IN THE NATIONAL MAPPING ACTIVITIES OF THE ORDNANCE SURVEY OF NORTHERN IRELAND
Authors: Brand M. J. D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSince 1960, photogrammetry has played a leading role in the acquisition of survey data within the Ordnance Survey of Northern Ireland. The decision to create a digital topographic database for Northern Ireland has changed the philosophy and practice of photogrammetry within the organisation and these changes are discussed in this paper.
AN INVESTIGATION OF THE ACCURACY OF PARALLAX BAR HEIGHTING BY MEANS OF NUMERICAL SIMULATION
Authors: Ng K. W. , Walker A. S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPrevious assessments of the accuracy of parallax bar heighting were handicapped by small sample sizes. Numerical simulation was avoided due to the difficulty of obtaining co‐ordinates for the conjugate principal points. This problem has been overcome, however, and all required photograph coordinates have been rigorously computed following the generation of fictitious data for ground points and exposure stations. The parallax bar heighting process has additionally been simulated in order to investigate both external factors, such as image errors, tilts and ground relief, and also influences intrinsic in the heighting process, for example estimation of flying height, baselining, control configuration and error surface model.
QUALITY CONTROL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRICALLY SAMPLED DIGITAL ELEVATION MODELS
Authors: ÖStman A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe object of this paper is to study the geometric accuracy of photogrammetrically sampled digital elevation models (DEMs)obtained by using an on line graphical DEM editor. As a reference, DEMs obtained by regular grid measurements have been used. Three different test areas are used in the study, each representing different ground types and degrees of homogeneity. The DEMs have been evaluated with respect to their standard errors in elevation, slope and curvature. The results show that the standard errors are not improved by using the on line DEM editor. It is also demonstrated that an increased point density decreases the standard error in elevation while its effect on the standard error in slope is limited. The standard error in curvature is almost independent of the point density.
PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING FROM SPOT IMAGERY
Authors: Gugan D. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSPOT‐1, launched on 22nd February, 1986, has provided the first opportunity to produce topographic maps from space on an operational basis. The use of SPOT imagery can be justified because of reduced costs and reduced lead times for map production. However SPOT imagery cannot be handled in the same way as conventional photography and it requires new procedures to be adopted, The two main reasons for this are the large area covered by each image and the dynamic form of sensing. The procedures discussed in this paper have been implemented in a working system for map compilation.
ACCURACY AND COMPLETENESS OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPPING FROM SPOT IMAGERY
Authors: Gugan D. J. , Dowman I. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA previous paper (Gugan, 1987) described the geometric model used to find the exterior orientation of dynamic SPOT imagery. The present paper considers the results of measurement and interpretation tests performed on a number of stereomodels. The image quality is assessed in comparison with the original digital data. Level 1A stereomodels with different base height ratios, numbers of control points and with different control point accuracies are compared. Accuracies obtained with level 1P and 1B data are also reported. The information content of the imagery is assessed by feature plotting followed by comparison with the 1:50 000 and 1:100 000 scale maps of the area. The importance of high quality photographic imagery and operator experience are noted.
A PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SYSTEM FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL MAPPING USING OBLIQUE NON‐METRIC PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: Smith M. J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe Air Photographs Unit of the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England (RCHM) has taken a large collection of oblique aerial photographs, using a non‐metric camera, of archaeological evidence. Techniques are described which use this photography in conjunction with a Kern DSR1 analytical plotter to produce maps. Some results from using the techniques are given.
A LARGE SCALE DEFORMATION STUDY USING MOIRÉ PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: Kearney A. , Forno C. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis article describes what is probably the largest application of a moiré technique. Real time video systems and a remotely controlled, high quality still camera were used to monitor the buckling in the walls of a liquid gas storage tank, in a section more than 30 m across.
REMOTE SENSING AND SATELLITE NAVIGATION: COMPLEMENTARY TOOLS OF SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Hartl Ph. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe methods of remote sensing techniques are reviewed with respect to their requirements for position and direction measurement. It is shown that there exist, or will exist in the near future, navigational satellite techniques which can offer extremely valuable performances. In particular the Global Positioning System (GPS) will be used for photogrammetry and remote sensing. Other tracking techniques which are complementary to GPS, such as precise range and range rate equipment (PRARE), will also be used in the future. This could improve GPS performance considerably, if integrated into the GPS satellite as a secondary ranging system.
MAPPING FOR DEVELOPMENT CORPORATIONS
Authors: Peak K. D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractA development corporation presents unique mapping requirements to a commercial survey organisation. The background to the specialist problems encountered relates to the history of the growth of development corporations in the UK, commencing with the establishment of Letchworth Garden City. The New Towns Development Corporations were responsible for relocating city centre businesses to obtain better amenities for the workforce; many substantial mapping contracts for these new towns were completed by rival survey companies. The next generation is represented by the inception of the Urban Development Corporations, with the aim of promoting urban renewal. The London Docklands initiative is an example of recent development where the most modern surveying techniques need to be employed. The expanding market of spatial data management offers a major opportunity for survey organisations if financial rewards can be safeguarded.
NEAR REAL TIME PHOTOGRAMMETRY ON A PERSONAL COMPUTER
Authors: Rüther H. , Parkyn N. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe first development stages of the low cost, PC based, near real time photogrammetry system, PHOENICS, are discussed. Hardware and software components are described and planned system enhancement stages are sketched out. Concepts employed for target detection and analysis are briefly discussed. A target centre detection technique in which a combination of original and thresholded image is employed and a target design especially suited for thresholding techniques are presented. The introduction of parallel processing hardware into PHOENICS during the enhancement phase is explained. Accuracies achieved in first experiments with the prototype of PHOENICS are reported.
IS THERE A FUTURE FOR FILM IN CLOSE RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY?
Authors: Robson S. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPreliminary results of an investigation to study the dimensional reliability and potential of small format film products, allied with their use in small format cameras for photogrammetry, are presented. Investigations included analysis of factors influencing both in plane and out of plane deformations. Experiments were conducted using commercially available 70 mm, 120 and 220 film products, processed according to manufacturers’recommendations. Elements of camera design are discussed in the light of results obtained from the measurement of réseau images produced from a modified Hasselblad SWC camera.
DATA CAPTURE IN THE 1990s
Authors: Tarleton J. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOnly a short time ago, a paper entitled “Data capture in the 1990s” would have generated a very futuristic view in the minds of readers, who would perhaps expect to read about technology which was a great advance and almost certainly not yet available. It is primarily for that reason that the title was chosen, as the paper does not deal with a new technology, or one which is not available, but rather with one which has been steadily developed over the last 20 years and is providing data capture solutions around the world. The solutions offered by Laser‐Scan will come into their own in the 1990s as the request for intelligent digital data grows, fuelled by the many information system applications that are emerging.
IMPROVING INTERIOR ORIENTATION FOR ASMALL STANDARD CAMERA
Authors: Warner W. S. , Carson W. W. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInterior orientation (the initial step in comparator‐based photogrammetry) requires a set of known photo co‐ordinates to act as reference points. Fiducials serve this purpose on large format, metric cameras, as do réseau targets on small format, semi‐metric cameras. Most small format cameras, however, have neither fiducials nor a réseau plate. The aim of this study was to establish fiducials in a small standard camera (Pentax 645) so that its imagery could be used for photogrammetric computations. This paper describes two methods of establishing fiducials, followed by a comparison of their stability and suitability for photogrammetric purposes.
VARIATION OF THE ACCURACY OF DIGITAL TERRAIN MODELS WITH SAMPLING INTERVAL
Authors: Li Zhilin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper describes some experimental investigations into the variation of digital terrain model (DTM) accuracy with sampling interval, based on data acquired using stereophotogrammetric methods. The main factors affecting DTM accuracy are reviewed and various alternative schemes for carrying out experimental tests on DTM accuracy are outlined. Detailed information is given about the test areas, source data sets and check point data sets, followed by a discussion concerning the special design of this experiment. The experimental results are reported and, finally, a critical analysis of the test results is presented.Résumé On presente dans eel article quelques études expérimentales sur la variation de ľ exactitude ďun modèle numerique du terrain (MNT) en fonction de ľintervalle ďéchantillonnage de données obtenues à partir de méthodes stéréophotogrammétriques. On examine les facteurs principaux qui interviennent sur ľ exactitude ď un MNT et ľ on esquisse divers projets permettant de mener au choix des essais expérimentaux sur ľ exactitude ďun MNT. On fournit des informations détaillées sur les polygones ď essai utilisés, lesjeux de données concernant les points de vérification et ceux de l'altimétrie initiale, suivies ďune présentation de la conception particulière de ces études. On décrit les résultats expérimentaux obtenus et ľ on termine cet article par une analyse critique des résultats de ľ essai. Zusammenfassung Im Artikel werden einige experimentelle Untersuchungen zur Variation der Genauigkeit von Digitalen Geländemodellen (DTM) beschrieben, wobei ein Rasterintervall verwendet wurde, das auf stereophotogrammetrischer Datenerfassung basierte. Es werden die Haupteinfluβfaktoren auf die Genauigkeit der DTM betrachtet und verschiedene alternative Wege zur Testung der DTM‐Genauigkeit skizziert. Detaillierte Angaben erfolgen zu den Testgebieten, den Quelldaten‐Sätzen und den Datensätzen der Kontrollpunkte mit anschlieβenden Ausführungen zur speziellen Gestaltung dieses Versuchs. Die Versuchsergebnisse werden angegeben, und abschlieβend erfolgt ihre kritische Analyse.
COMPUTER CONTROLLED SURVEY FLIGHT BASED ON A LOW COST GPS C/A CODE RECEIVER
Authors: Heimes F.‐J. , Brechtken R. , Puruckherr R. 
Published: July 2010

Abstract The authors describe and illustrate the successful provision of a survey /light navigation and camera control system which is based on reception of GPS signals in the survey aircraft, linked to an onboard computer. Résumé Les auteurs décrivent et illustrent la mise en æuvre réussie ďun système de navigation aérienne et de commande de la chambre de levés photographiques, basé sur la réception des signaux GPS dans ľavion photographe avec connexion àľordinateur de bord. Zusammenfassung Die Autoren beschreiben und veranschaulichen die erfolgreiche Installierung eines Systems zur Navigation des Bildflugs und Steuerung der Luftbildmeβkammer, das auf dem Empfang von GPS‐Signalen und ihrer Verbindung mit einem Bordrechner des Bildflugzeugs basiert.