bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE MEDIEVAL ARCHIVE AND THE HISTORY OF THEATRE: ASSESSING THE WRITTEN AND UNWRITTEN EVIDENCE FOR PREMODERN PERFORMANCE
Authors: Symes Carol 
Published: May 2011

Soon after he was consecrated bishop in 963, Æthelwold of Winchester (909–84) began to promulgate a series of new rules for worship and religious life in the monasteries of England. In one passage that is well known to theatre historians, Æthelwold insisted on the following performance of the Easter morning liturgy.While the third lesson is being read aloud, four of the brothersshould dress themselves.One of them, wearing an alb,should come in as though intent on other businessand gostealthilyto the place of the sepulchre, and therehe should sit quietly….The three remaining brothers …should make their way slowly and haltingly, coming before the place of the sepulchreas if they are seeking something. For these things are done in imitation of the angel seated on the tomb and of the women coming with perfumes to anoint the body of Jesus.When, therefore, the one sitting there sees the three drawing near, who are still wandering aboutas though seeking something, he should begin to singsweetly, in amoderatevoice: “Whom do you seek?”
Falls Risk Factors: Assessment and Management To Prevent Falls and Fractures
Authors: Martin Finbarr C. 
Published: May 2011

RÉSUMÉLes chutes et les fractures pathologiques sont des défis communs, dangereux et importants de la santé publique. Ils sont mieux compris comme des syndromes gériatriques étroitement liés à la fragilité et d’autres problèmes de la santé liés à l’âge. Ils sont associés à de nombreux facteurs de risque, dans tous les domaines de la santé – physiques, psychologiques, sociaux et environnementaux. Au niveau de la population, le défi consiste à améliorer la santé et le bien-être de toutes les personnes âgées à réduire l’incidence des chutes. Au niveau clinique, le défi consiste à évaluer les facteurs de risque individuels et d’appliquer des interventions multifactorielles factuelles sur mesure. » La composante plus puissante est l’entraînement physique de l’équilibre et de la résistance.
The Role of Culture and Diversity in the Prevention of Falls among Older Chinese People
Authors: Horton Khim , Dickinson Angela 
Published: May 2011

RÉSUMÉCette étude, fondée sur la grounded théorie, a exploré les perceptions des personnes âgées chinoises, vivant en Angleterre, concernant les chutes et la peur de tomber, et les animateurs et les entraves à l’intervention pour prévenir les chutes. En utilisant un échantillon de 30 personnes âgées chinoises, nous avons mené deux groupes de discussion et 10 entretiens en profondeur, en mandarin ou en cantonais. Les transcriptions des entretiens ont été traduites en arrière et analysées à l’aide de N6. Une analyse comparative et constante mis en évidence une gamme de comportements sains après une chute : les personnes âgées chinoises manifestaient de la réticence à utiliser les services de santé formels ; on évite de parler des chutes ; les personnes âgées ont caché les chutes de leurs enfants pour éviter les inquiéter ; et des vues fatalistes sur les chutes et la méconnaissance de la disponibilité et le contenu des interventions ont été repandus. Le côut des inter-ventions était important. Les personnes âgées chinoises apprécient leur indépendence, et les relations entre les générations ont eu un impact sur leur prise de mesures pour prévenir les chutes. La diversité culturelle a un effet sur l’acceptation des personnes agées des interventions visant à prévenir les chutes.
NEW EXACT SOLUTIONS OF COUPLED (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR SYSTEMS OF SCHRÖDINGER EQUATIONS
Authors: KHANI F. , DARVISHI M. T. , FARMANY A. , KAVITHA L. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe Exp-function method is applied to construct a new type of solution of the coupled (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear system of Schrödinger equations. It is shown that the method provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving nonlinear evolution equations in mathematical physics.
RNA-guided complex from a bacterial immune system enhances target recognition through seed sequence interactions
Authors: Wiedenheft Blake , van Duijn Esther , Bultema Jelle B. , Waghmare Sakharam P. , Zhou Kaihong , Barendregt Arjan , Westphal Wiebke , Heck Albert J. R. , Boekema Egbert J. , Dickman Mark J. , Doudna Jennifer A. 
Published: May 2011

Prokaryotes have evolved multiple versions of an RNA-guided adaptive immune system that targets foreign nucleic acids. In each case, transcripts derived from clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are thought to selectively target invading phage and plasmids in a sequence-specific process involving a variable cassette of CRISPR-associated (
cas
) genes. The CRISPR locus in
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(PA14) includes four
cas
genes that are unique to and conserved in microorganisms harboring the Csy-type (CRISPR system yersinia) immune system. Here we show that the Csy proteins (Csy1–4) assemble into a 350 kDa ribonucleoprotein complex that facilitates target recognition by enhancing sequence-specific hybridization between the CRISPR RNA and complementary target sequences. Target recognition is enthalpically driven and localized to a “seed sequence” at the 5′ end of the CRISPR RNA spacer. Structural analysis of the complex by small-angle X-ray scattering and single particle electron microscopy reveals a crescent-shaped particle that bears striking resemblance to the architecture of a large CRISPR-associated complex from
Escherichia coli
, termed Cascade. Although similarity between these two complexes is not evident at the sequence level, their unequal subunit stoichiometry and quaternary architecture reveal conserved structural features that may be common among diverse CRISPR-mediated defense systems.
First Report of a Group 16SrI Phytoplasma Associated with Amaranthus hypochondriacus Cladodes in China
Authors: Long J. Y. , Chen Y. H. , Xia J. R. 
Published: May 2011

Amaranthus spp. are cultivated worldwide as leafy vegetable, cereal, and ornamentals. In China, stems and leaves of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. are used as a vegetable (2). In July 2010, sporadic amaranth plants exhibiting symptoms of cladodes and spica proliferation were observed in a vegetable garden near Foshan, Guangdong, China. Stem samples were collected from two symptomatic and two asymptomatic plants. Total DNA was extracted with a modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method (1). Nested PCR with a combination of phytoplasma-specific universal primer pairs (P1/P7 and R16F2n/R16R2) amplified 16S rDNA sequences with the expected size of 1.2 kb from all samples of symptomatic amaranth plants, but not from the asymptomatic plants (3). Nested PCR products yielded identical AluI, HhaI, HpaII, HaeIII, KpnI, MseI, RsaI, Sau3AI, and TaqI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) profiles with chinaberry witches'-broom phytoplasma (16SrI-B subgroup), but different from peanut witches'-broom phytoplasma (16SrII group), jujube witches'-broom phytoplasma (16SrV group), and paulownia witches'-broom phytoplasma (16SrI-D subgroup). Nested PCR products were purified, cloned in pMD18-T Simple Vector (TaKaRa, Dalian, China), and sequenced. The 16S rDNA sequences were identical and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. JF323034). GenBank BLASTn analysis indicated that the amaranth extracts showed as high as 99% sequence identity with the members of 16SrI group phytoplasmas, including those associated with arecanut yellow leaf disease (FJ998269) and aster yellow AY-27 (HM467127). A polygenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 4.0 based on the 16S rDNA sequences of amaranth cladode phytoplasma and other phytoplasmas belonging to 16SrI phytoplasma group. In phylogenetic analysis, the sequences clustered on a single branch with members of 16SrI-B subgroup in the tree. Therefore, the phytoplasma was classified in subgroup 16SrI-B. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a subgroup 16SrI-B phytoplasma associated with diseased A. hypochondriacus in China. References: (1) E. Angelini et al. Vitis 40:79, 2001. (2) M. Costea et al. Econ. Bot. 57:646, 2003. (3) I. M. Lee et al. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 48:1153, 1998.
Occurrence of a Fruit Spot Disease of Pomegranates Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes in the Prefecture of Komotini, Greece
Authors: Thomidis T. , Exadaktylou E. 
Published: May 2011

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important crop in Greece. In 2010, fruits of the pomegranate cv. Wonderful, in commercial fields located in the Prefecture of Komotini in eastern Greece, were observed to have symptoms of distinct dark brown spots. The waxy acervuli observed in infected tissue were subepidermal, typically with setae and simple, short, erect conidiophores. Conidia were hyaline, one celled, ovoid to oblong, slightly curved or dumbbell shaped, and 10 to 15 μm long and 5 to 7 μm wide. The pathogen was isolated on acidified potato dextrose agar (PDA) (2.5 ml of 85% lactic acid per liter of nutrient medium) and incubated at 23°C for 7 days. The pathogen was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes (Penz) Sacc. on the basis of morphological characteristics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence (100% identity to AJ301912, C. gloeosporioides species complex) (3) by CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Identification Service, Utrecht, the Netherlands, (CG-1 isolate deposited in CBS Collection; Accession No. CBS 129372). Koch's postulates were completed in the laboratory by placing a 40-μl drop of suspension (4 × 105 conidia ml–1 of water) on a wounded area of healthy fruits of cv. Wonderful. Fruits were surface sterilized by dipping in 0.1% chlorine solution and allowed to dry in a laminar flow hood. There were 15 inoculated and 15 control fruits (similarly sprayed with sterile distilled water) in a randomized design. Fruits were covered with perforated polythene bags to maintain a high humidity necessary for infection that were removed 48 h after inoculation and the fruits were maintained at room temperature (23 ± 2°C). Lesion development was recorded daily for each fruit. Koch's postulates were satisfied after reisolating the fungus from inoculated fruit that developed symptoms similar to those observed on fruits collected from fields. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of C. gloeosporioides as a causal agent of fruit spot of pomegranates in Greece. Fruit spots caused by C. gloeosporioides have been reported in pomegranate fields of other countries around the world (1,2). References: (1) B. K. M. Lakshmi et al. Trop. Agric. Res. 22:183, 2011. (2) D. S. Patel. Indian Phytopathol. 62:252, 2009. (3) B. S. Weir and P. R. Johnston. Mycotaxon 111:209, 2010.
Influenza A‐induced rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury complicated by posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Fearnley R. A. , Lines S. W. , Lewington A. J. P. , Bodenham A. R. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryWe report a case of Influenza A‐induced rhabdomyolysis causing acute kidney injury in a young adult female who required invasive ventilation and renal replacement therapy. This case was further complicated by posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Although this represents an extremely rare neurological complication of Influenza A infection, an appreciation of the condition and its management is important, given the high numbers of critically ill patients recently affected by H1N1 Influenza A in intensive care units in the UK.
Disabled‐2 modulates homotypic and heterotypic platelet interactions by binding to sulfatides
Authors: Welsh John D. , Charonko John J. , Salmanzadeh Alireza , Drahos Karen E. , Shafiee Hadi , Stremler Mark A. , Davalos Rafael V. , Capelluto Daniel G. S. , Vlachos Pavlos P. , Finkielstein Carla V. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryDisabled‐2 (Dab2) inhibits platelet aggregation by competing with fibrinogen for binding to the αIIbβ3 integrin receptor, an interaction that is modulated by Dab2 binding to sulfatides at the outer leaflet of the platelet plasma membrane. The disaggregatory function of Dab2 has been mapped to its N‐terminus phosphotyrosine‐binding (N‐PTB) domain. Our data show that the surface levels of P‐selectin, a platelet transmembrane protein known to bind sulfatides and promote cell‐cell interactions, are reduced by Dab2 N‐PTB, an event that is reversed in the presence of a mutant form of the protein that is deficient in sulfatide but not in integrin binding. Importantly, Dab2 N‐PTB, but not its sulfatide binding‐deficient form, was able to prevent sulfatide‐induced platelet aggregation when tested under haemodynamic conditions in microfluidic devices at flow rates with shear stress levels corresponding to those found in vein microcirculation. Moreover, the regulatory role of Dab2 N‐PTB extends to platelet‐leucocyte adhesion and aggregation events, suggesting a multi‐target role for Dab2 in haemostasis.
Krüppel‐like Factor 4 activates HBG gene expression in primary erythroid cells
Authors: Kalra Inderdeep S. , Alam Md M. , Choudhary Pankaj K. , Pace Betty S. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryThe SP1/Krüppel‐like Factor (SP1/KLF) family of transcription factors plays a role in diverse cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation and control of gene transcription. The discovery of KLF1 (EKLF), a key regulator of HBB (β‐globin) gene expression, expanded our understanding of the role of KLFs in erythropoiesis. In this study, we investigated a mechanism of HBG (γ‐globin) regulation by KLF4. siRNA‐mediated gene silencing and enforced expression of KLF4 in K562 cells substantiated the ability of KLF4 to positively regulate endogenous HBG gene transcription. The physiological significance of this finding was confirmed in primary erythroid cells, where KLF4 knockdown at day 11 significantly attenuated HBG mRNA levels and enforced expression at day 28 stimulated the silenced HBG genes. In vitro binding characterization using the γ‐CACCC and β‐CACCC probes demonstrated KLF4 preferentially binds the endogenous γ‐CACCC, while CREB binding protein (CREBBP) binding was not selective. Co‐immunoprecipitation studies confirmed protein‐protein interaction between KLF4 and CREBBP. Furthermore, sequential chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed co‐localization of both factors in the γ‐CACCC region. Subsequent luciferase reporter studies demonstrated that KLF4 trans‐activated HBG promoter activity and that CREBBP enforced expression resulted in gene repression. Our data supports a model of antagonistic interaction of KLF4/CREBBP trans‐factors in HBG regulation.
Review of the cardiac long‐term effects of therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Ng Andrea K. 
Published: May 2011

SummaryPatients diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma have a high cure rate. However, long‐term survivors of the disease are at significantly increased risk for a number of late effects, with cardiovascular disease being the most common non‐malignant cause of death in these patients. This review summarizes the available data regarding the types of cardiac complications, timing of their onset in relationship to initial treatment, associated risk factors, and available studies on the role of screening for subclinical cardiac disease. Given the known correlation between the extent of Hodgkin lymphoma therapy and subsequent cardiac risks, current trials investigating treatment reduction, including using lower radiation dose, smaller radiation field size and abbreviated chemotherapy will hopefully help in limiting cardiac toxicity. Screening for and aggressive management of traditional cardiac risk factors are also important strategies in reducing risks of cardiac disease in long‐term Hodgkin lymphoma survivors.
The effect of extremely preterm birth on attachment organization in late adolescence
Authors: Hallin A.‐L. , Bengtsson H. , Frostell A. S. , Stjernqvist K. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractBackground  Prior studies have examined the impact of preterm birth on the quality of the attachment relationship to the mother in infancy, but few have examined extremely preterm born infants and almost no data have been reported on prematurity and its impact on the attachment organization attained after childhood.Methods  Thirty‐nine adolescents born extremely preterm and 39 full‐term born control participants were assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview.Results  The prematurely born showed lower scores regarding measures of attachment security and, in particular, a higher proportion of insecure dismissive patterns. This difference seemed to be clear and persistent even when controlled for intelligence and socio‐economic variables.Conclusions  Because insecure attachment as well as prematurity may be considered as significant risk factors for developing psychopathology, they deserve careful attention in future research and clinical follow‐ups.
Influence of yeast strain, immobilisation and ageing time on the changes of free amino acids and amino acids in peptides in bottle‐fermented sparkling wines obtained from Vitis vinifera cv. Emir
Authors: Bozdogan Adnan , Canbas Ahmet 
Published: May 2011

SummaryThis paper reports the influence of yeast strain, immobilisation and ageing time on the free amino acids and amino acids in peptides of sparkling wine made by the traditional method from the Emir grape variety over a period of 365 days in vintages 2004 and 2005. Four sparkling wines were obtained from the same base wine using yeast strains (both immobilised and free Saccharomyces bayanus and Saccharomyces oviformis). The analysis of variance and cluster revealed that there were significant differences between free amino acids and amino acids in peptides due to ageing time. However, the yeast strain affected most of the free amino acids and amino acids in peptides in only the 2004 vintage. The total amount of free amino acids was higher in the wine made with the S. oviformis compared to S. bayanus. Furthermore, there were no significant differences between the use of immobilised and free yeast in cases of free amino acids and amino acids in peptides.
Fatty acid composition and biological activities of volatiles from fruits of two Tunisian olive cultivars
Authors: Brahmi Faten , Dabbou Samia , Flamini Guido , Edziri Hayet , Mastouri Maha , Hammami Mohamed 
Published: May 2011

SummaryThis study investigates volatile compounds, fatty acid composition and antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activities of fruits from two olive cultivars (Chemlali and Neb Jmel). Fatty acid profiles varied significantly between cultivars (cvs) where Neb Jmel seem to have higher contents of palmitic and oleic acids (16.4% and 66.4%, respectively) and lower of linoleic acid (9.4%). The volatile profile indicated the apparent difference between cvs. In fact, the main components detected in Chemlali cv. were (E,E)‐2,4‐decadienal (23.0%), (E,Z)‐2,4‐decadienal (14.9%) and nonanal (6.7%), while 3‐ethenylpyridine (15.5%), (E)‐2‐decenal (14.4%) and (E)‐2‐undecenal (7.0%) were the major components in Neb Jmel cv. Furthermore, these volatiles were subjected to screening for their possible antioxidant activities where volatiles from Neb Jmel fruits were found to be better. Results presented here may suggest that the volatiles fraction of two cultivars possess antimicrobial and antifungal activities.
Active packaging of ground beef patties by edible zein films incorporated with partially purified lysozyme and Na2EDTA
Authors: Ünalan İlke Uysal , Korel Figen , Yemenicioğlu Ahmet 
Published: May 2011

SummaryIn this study, antimicrobial activity of zein films incorporated with partially purified lysozyme and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2EDTA) has been tested on selected pathogenic bacteria and refrigerated ground beef patties. The developed films containing 700 μg cm−2 lysozyme and 300 μg cm−2 Na2EDTA showed antimicrobial activity on Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella typhimurium. The application of lysozyme and Na2EDTA incorporated zein films on beef patties significantly decreased total viable counts (TVC) and total coliform counts after 5 days of storage compared to those of control patties (P < 0.05). Zein films incorporated with lysozyme and Na2EDTA or Na2EDTA alone significantly slowed down the oxidative changes in patties during storage (P < 0.05). Redness indices of patties coated with zein films were significantly lower than those of uncoated control patties during storage (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated the potential usage of zein films containing lysozyme and Na2EDTA for active packaging of refrigerated meat products.
Nondestructive tests for measuring the firmness of guava fruit stored and treated with methyl jasmonate and calcium chloride
Authors: Barriga‐Téllez Leslie Malleli , Garnica‐Romo Ma. Guadalupe , Aranda‐Sánchez Jorge Isidro , Correa Gabriel Arroyo , Bartolomé‐Camacho María Carmen , Martínez‐Flores Héctor Eduardo 
Published: May 2011

SummaryRipening is one of the most important processes to occur in fruits and involves changes in colour, flavour and texture. An important goal in quality control of fruits is to substitute traditional sensory testing methods with reliable and quantitative methods. In this study, methyl jasmonate (MJ) (220 μL L−1) and calcium chloride (at 1%) were applied to guava fruits stored at 6 °C. The compression test (CT) and acoustic impact test were used to monitor the shelf life of guavas. The results obtained using both techniques showed that Young’s modulus diminishes as a function of time in all samples; however, the texture of samples treated for 20 days with MJ deteriorated unacceptably, a condition which did not occur in the samples treated with calcium chloride. The control samples had a shelf life of 20 days. In conclusion, it appears that the acoustic impact test is more appropriate than the CT and has the additional advantage of being a nondestructive technique.
Before the cradle and beyond the grave: a lifespan/settings‐based framework for health promotion
Authors: Whitehead Dean 
Published: May 2011

Aim.  To develop a unique framework which combines the concepts of settings and lifespan where they are applied to health promotion.Background.  The influential World Health Organisation’s 1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion supported certain settings being nominated as unique social systems for enabling specific health promotion activity. These initially included a whole raft of proposed settings ranging from the micro to macro; these at the time mainly being hospitals, communities, schools, workplaces, cities, villages, islands and the home and family. Several other settings have since also been added to the list – which now include health‐promoting universities and health‐promoting prisons. Most of the mentioned settings have in more recent times being acknowledged in the nursing literature.Design.  Discursive.Method.  A critical examination and exploration of the existing health promotion literature related to both settings and lifespan.Results.  It is possible to combine the related, but hitherto unexplored, concepts of health promotion settings and lifespan. This has resulted in a useable framework to further assist practitioners with their health promotion work.Conclusion.  What has not yet surfaced in both the nursing and the general health promotion literature is that most settings can be linked as a whole, not just by their geographical location and proximity to each other, but also to the fact that they tend to follow a linear direction that ranges across the total lifespan.Relevance to clinical practice.  Viewing health promotion in the way that this framework proposes further assists in locating and clarifying the often confused and contested position of health promotion in nursing.