bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peacekeeping cooperation between the United Nations and regional organisations
Authors: YAMASHITA HIKARU 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article considers a conceptual framework for peacekeeping cooperation between the United Nations and regional organisations. It articulates the ‘subcontracting’ and ‘partnering’ modes of global-regional peacekeeping cooperation, and examines how they have been practiced through efforts to form institutional partnerships with the African Union (AU) and the European Union (EU). The article argues that there is incremental progress in institutionalising global-regional cooperation in peacekeeping, and yet managing such cooperation in the future requires a clearer understanding of the role of the UN in the globalisation of peacekeeping.
Including the excluded: communitarian paths to cosmopolitanism
Authors: JORDAAN EDUARD 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCosmopolitanism is frequently criticised for overlooking the situatedness of morality and the importance of solidarity in their aspiration to global justice. A number of thinkers take these criticisms seriously and pursue ‘a communitarian path to cosmopolitanism’. Four such approaches are considered. All four view morality and justice as grounded in a specific social setting and hold that justice is more likely to result if there is some ‘we-feeling’ among people, but are simultaneously committed to expanding the realm of justice and moral concern to beyond national boundaries. To enable the theorisation of an expanded realm of situated justice and moral concern, community is conceived as not necessarily corresponding to political boundaries and the moral the self is seen as able and eager to loosen some of its traditional moral connections and to form new ones. Unfortunately, these approaches are likely to exclude significant segments of the world's population from the expanded realm of moral concern they theorise, most notably, a large proportion of the world's poor. It is suggested that the thought of Emmanuel Levinas might offer a way of reducing the gap between solidarity and moral universalism.
Britain and genocide: historical and contemporary parameters of national responsibility
Authors: SHAW MARTIN 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article (originally given as the Annual War Studies Lecture at King's College, London, on 25 January 2010) challenges the assumption that Britain's relationship to genocide is constituted by its ‘vigilance’ towards the genocide of others. Through a critical overview of the question of genocide in the historical and contemporary politics of the British state and society, the article suggests their wide-ranging, complex relationships to genocide. Utilising a conception of genocide as multi-method social destruction and applying the interpretative frames of the genocide literature, it argues that the British state and elements of identifiably British populations have been involved directly and indirectly in genocide in a number of different international contexts. These are addressed through five themes: the role of genocide in the origins of the British state; the problem of genocide in the Empire and British settler colonialism; Britain's relationships to twentieth-century European genocide; its role in the genocidal violence of decolonisation; and finally, Britain's role in the genocidal crises of the post-Cold War world. The article examines the questions of national responsibility that this survey raises: while rejecting simple ideas of national responsibility as collective guilt, it nevertheless argues that varying kinds of responsibility for genocide attach to British institutions, leaders and population groups at different points in the history surveyed.
Right of entry or right of refusal? Hospitality in the law of nature and nations
Authors: BAKER GIDEON 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThis article explores the account of international hospitality found in the natural law tradition from Vitoria to Kant. Rather than limit itself to intellectual history, the focus here is on a more enduring theme: the double-bind of hospitality which the natural lawyers encountered in seeking to find a place for the welcome of the foreigner in the ‘law of nations’. Although these thinkers agreed on a natural right of communication, this proved destabilising, even destructive, of the property claims by which hosts establish their domain as properly theirs in the first place. All struggled with this double-bind, though this took different forms, from the concern that the law of hospitality might thereby justify colonial appropriation to fears for how it could threaten sovereignty. Two thinkers arguably find a way out of the double-bind of right of communication-right of property in hospitality, but sacrifice the law of hospitality in the process: Pufendorf, subordinating communication to property, turns hospitality into charity and thereby effectively denies it status as a law of nature; Kant, putting communication first, makes hospitality a matter of right, not philanthropy, but also sees it as instrumental to the development of a global civil condition, where it would be redundant.
Voodoo and Apocalyptic Demography — Conceptual and Methodological Issues
Authors: Foot David K. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCe livre vient enrichir le débat national sur le vieillissement de la population et les options de politiques en récusant la notion voulant que le vieillissement de la population mène à une crise sociale. Son approche intègre le vaudou et la démographie apocalyptique en tant que concepts de recherche sociale. Le compte rendu constitue un cadre de séparation de la science des politiques de recherche en vieillissement et fournit des définitions de concepts chargés de valeurs qui pourraient ne pas etre familiers à certains lecteurs. La division s'impose si l'on veut contourner la rhétorique et apprécier l'apport de ce livre.
Mike Bender, Paulette Bauckham and Andrew Norris. The therapeutic purposes of reminiscence. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1999.
Authors: Webster Jeffrey Dean 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉL'augmentation actuelle de l'attention critique portée à la théorie et à la pratique de la réminiscence ont incité Bender, Bauckham et Norris à fournir un guide concret sur les interversions dans ce domaine visant surtout les aîné(e)s vivant en établissement. Les auteurs présentent et examinent des exemples précis d'utilisation de la réminiscence dont l'analyse raisonnée, les groupes prioritaires, les résultats escomptés et les difficultés prévisibles. Le texte contient des conseils fondamentaux et pratiques sur l'organisation et l'animation de ces groupes sous la forme de directives précieuses pour les animateurs novices ou expérimentés. Les lacunes du débat théorique et les faiblesses méthodologiques et empiriques jurent quelque peu cependant avec la qualité d'ensemble du texte, surtout aux yeux des lecteurs qui s'intéressent à la recherche.
Sara Honn Qualls and Norman Abeles (Eds.). Psychology and the Aging Revolution: How We Adapt to Longer Life. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 2000.
Authors: Butt Susan 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCe livre présente un ensemble de chapitres qui résument la recherche actuelle sur la psychologie du vieillissement. Les auteurs sont des chefs de file dans ce domaine et leurs écrits proviennent de conférences tenues par la American Psychological Association en 1997. Parmi les sujets abordés, on relève les défis associés à une longue vie, les théories du vieillissement neuropsychologique et cognitif, les changements de la mémoire avec l'âge, l'émotion, les relations sociales, la santé psychologique et le vieillissement, la dépression et enfin, la psychothérapie chez les aînés. Le livre convient bien à ceux qui souhaitent prendre connaissance des données les plus récentes concernant la population vieillissante des sociétés développées.
Boundaries and Connections Between Formal and Informal Caregivers
Authors: Ward-Griffin Catherine 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAlthough the experiences of formal and informal caregiving have been discussed and debated in the literature, more is assumed than is actually known (McDaniel & Gee, 1993). This qualitative study explored both informal and formal caregivers' perceptions of their own caregiving and the views of each other's caregiving. Information was collected through the use of in-depth interviews with 23 family caregivers and 15 nurses providing home care to older persons. Analysis of interview transcripts and field notes reveals that both informal and formal caregivers engage in all facets of caring work – physical, intellectual and emotional care – but that they carry out this work in varying degrees, and for different reasons. The reasons given for these differences, namely the nurses' professional knowledge and higher status designation, are key elements that define the boundaries between professional and family caregiving. However, it is apparent that, over time, this demarcation diminishes as family caregivers' knowledge and skill match those of health professionals. Study findings point to implications for future theory development and research.
Work and Eldercare: Reciprocity Between Older Mothers and Their Employed Daughters
Authors: Keefe Janice M. , Fancey Pamela J. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis research broadens the understanding of the relationship between paid work and caregiving by including the contribution of the older “care recipient”. Using selected aspects of social exchange theory and a life course perspective, the importance of giving and receiving for caregivers and care recipients is explored through analyses of focus groups with employed women and interviews with their older mothers. The mothers and daughters focus on the time when they are most indebted to each other. The daughter's employment affects the type and value of contributions from care recipients. The mother's past assistance with housework and caring for children is greatly valued by the daughters. For care recipients, however, being reliant on a busy employee for their care has negative consequences. The mothers emphasize the current situation and under-estimate their past helping. Further research should consider the care recipient's perspective to obtain a broader understanding of the impact of the caregiver's employment in caregiving relationships.
On Liberty for the Old
Authors: Browne Alister , Blake Mary , Donnelly Martha , Herbert Deidre 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTElderly adults often pose, or are perceived to pose, a risk to themselves or others. Others often also have the will, and sometimes the ability, to intervene in their lives: to take them from their homes, force medical treatment on them, and prevent them from spending their money as they see fit. Thus the question “To what extent, and for what purposes, can others interfere with the liberty of the individual?” takes on particular relevance for elderly adults. This is the question John Stuart Mill addressed in his essay On Liberty, and our aim is to adapt his theory of liberty to guide those who must make decisions about the old. We argue that individuals can be interfered with in their own interest and in the interest of others. It is apt to interfere in their own interest if and only if they are putting themselves at significant risk, are encumbered, i.e. are incompetent or subject to some other judgement-distorting condition, and interference will be: (a) effective, (b) not generative of evils greater than those it prevents, (c) the mildest possible to curb the evil, (d) not discriminatory, and (e), unless the interference has utility approaching absolute necessity, thought justified. It is apt to interfere in the interest of others if and only if they are putting others at significant risk and the same five conditions are satisfied. As we hope our adaptation of Mill's theory of liberty will have practical effect, we illustrate it with examples, relate it to the law in British Columbia, and state it in the form of a decision-tree.
Frank T. Denton, Deborah Fretz, & Byron G. Spencer (Eds.). Independence and economic security in old age. Vancouver, BC: University of British Columbia Press, 2000.
Authors: Schulz James H. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCe livre réunit une série d'études portant sur la population aînée du Canada et plus particulièrement sur l'autonomie et la sécurité personnelle de ses membres. Il résulte de trois ans d'efforts d'une équipe de chercheurs représentant différentes disciplines. C'est pourquoi certains chapitres ont été écrits par des économistes, d'autres par des travailleurs sociaux et des sociologues ou encore par des chercheurs en santé ou des gérontologues. Rédigé sous la forme d'une monographie, les quatorze chapitres sont plus techniques et empiriques que théoriques et abordent des thèmes assez variés. À première vue, ils peuvent même sembler disparates. Mais en réalité, ils font ressortir quatre thèmes principaux: le bien-être économique à venir des aîné(e)s; le rôle des économies chez les aîné(e)s; le rôle des facteurs non économiques (mouvements de population, santé, indépendance, la «productivité» à la retraite); et enfin, les facteurs qui influent sur le bien-être économique des femmes. Il faut signaler que la lecture de ce livre n'apportera pas au lecteur une connaissance complète de ces thèmes. La plupart des thèmes abordés se situent à la fine pointe de la recherche et appartiennent à des secteurs circonscrits et on s'adresse ici à des lecteurs qui ont déjà amplement examiné le sujet.
The Role of Social and Psychological Resources in the Evolution of Depression in Caregivers
Authors: Zunzunegui Maria-Victoria , LlácerCentro Alicia , Béland François 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis article discusses a longitudinal study of caregivers (n = 195) from a representative sample of caregivers pf Spanish, ADL-disabled persons, aged 65 and over carried out to assess the role of social support and religiosity in the development of depression. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scale. One year later, 119 of the caregivers were contacted again. Stability of depression over 1 year was observed in most participants. Poor physical health and low self-esteem, as well as incontinence in the care recipients, were significant predictors of the development of depressive symptoms. Social support had a differential effect on the development of depression, depending on how much assistance with activities of daily living the caregivers had to provide. Religiosity seemed to have no effect. Depression in caregivers is related more to their health and psychosocial resources than to the amount of care they provide. Poor health status, low self-esteem, and lack of emotional support may be useful indicators in identifying caregivers at high risk for depression.
Évaluation de l'implantation d'un programme d'hébergement en alternance de personnes âgées en perte d'autonomie et de ses effets sur les aidants naturels
Authors: Landry Marjolaine , Hébert Réjean , Préville Michel 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTWith a view to reducing the exhaustion experienced by informal caregivers and thus encourage the frail elderly to remain at home, a new free respite care program, which offers to house the frail elderly one week per month, was evaluated using an array of multiple cases. Ajzen and Madden's (1986) theory of reasoned action was used as a model to explain the effect of the program on the caregivers' intention to resort to permanent accommodation. Fourteen informal caregivers took part in the program evaluation process. An analysis of the reports of the meetings of the program's Implementation Committee revealed that human and material resources had been used as established in the initial plan. Seven subjects completed the 12 months planned for evaluating the program and were able to continue with the program thereafter. An analysis of the data, using graphic representations and pre-experimental and experimental phase medians, did not reveal any decrease in the perceived burden and in the intention to resort to accommodation in subjects who had completed the program evaluation process. Those who dropped out did so in part because of the high level of perceived burden and the caregivers' intention to resort to accommodation prior to entering the program. Unstructured telephone interviews with the caregivers suggest, moreover, that an elderly person's loss of autonomy, a good financial situation, and the caregiver's decreased feeling of guilt at the idea of housing his/her relative are important determining factors in the caregiver's decision to use permanent accommodation.
Francis G. Caro, Robert Morris, and Jill R. Norton. (Eds.). Advancing Aging Policy as the 21st Century Begins. New York: Haworth, 2000.
Authors: Phillips Judith 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLe titre et le chapitre d'introduction de cet ouvrage sont très prometteurs, et, à la fin du livre, le lecteur n'est pas déçu. Les directeurs de rédaction ont regroupé divers essais autour de plusieurs thèmes clés de la politique sociale. Ces thèmes sont le reflet d'anciens débats (p. ex., soins de longue durée, retraite, emploi) comme de questions et problèmes sociaux d'actualité, qui n'ont pas encore fait l'objet d'une discussion approfondie (p. ex., délinquants âgés, transport). Tous les essais traitent de politiques qui ont une pertinence d'envergure internationale. L'ouvrage offre un bon point de départ pour le développement de politiques au vingt et unième siècle; chaque chapitre conclut avec des idées pour faire progresser ces politiques. L'ouvrage devrait attirer un grand nombre de lecteurs, depuis les étudiants intéressés par les questions relatives aux politiques jusqu'aux responsables mêmes de leur élaboration.
Les facteurs influençant le bien-etre psychologique à la retraite
Authors: Desrochers Cathleen , Lapierre Sylvie , Alain Michel 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThe present study focused on variables influencing psychological well-being during the period of adjustment to retirement (6 to 36 months). The sample included 141 respondents – 69 retired men and 72 retired women – who completed questionnaires evaluating life satisfaction, retirement satisfaction, and psychological well-being. Variables traditionally examined (socio-demographic, health, attitude, and social) explained 45 to 57 per cent of the variance related to life and retirement satisfaction, but explained a smaller percentage (9 to 37%) of the variance related to the six dimensions of psychological well-being. This study, therefore, confirmed the impact of traditional variables on life and retirement satisfaction but brought out the importance of investigating other variables that could explain psychological well-being during retirement.
Medical and Everyday Assistive Device Use among Older Adults with Arthritis
Authors: Sutton Deborah , Gignac Monique A.M. , Cott Cheryl 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTThis research compared older adults' use of medical assistive devices (ADs) with their use of everyday ADs as a means of managing chronic physical disability. The study also examined whether predisposing, need, and enabling factors were associated with device use in three domains of activity: personal care / in-home mobility, household activities, and community mobility. Participants were 248 adults, aged 55 years and older, with a wide range of disability levels as a result of osteoarthritis. All participants were administered an in-depth, structured questionnaire, as part of a larger study examining older adults' independence and adaptation to chronic physical illness. The results revealed that respondents actively adapted to their disabilities and used a wide range of medical and everyday devices, with everyday devices being reported more than twice as often as medical ADs and the fewest devices overall being reported for community mobility. In general, medical devices were used when subjective and objective need for ADs was considerable. Everyday devices were reported earlier in the trajectory of the disease, at mild and moderate disability levels, and were associated with a broader pattern of adaptation that included planning to avoid problems, exercise, and pacing activities.
J.C. Cavanaugh, and S. Krauss Whitbourne, (Eds.). Gerontology: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.
Authors: Kramer Nanette A. 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉCette revue littéraire porte sur le texte révisé de Cavanaugh et Krauss Whitbourne intitulé, Aging: An Interdisciplinary Perspective. Elle examine son utilité en tant que recueil de textes originaux ciblant un cours de maîtrise ou un cours de base de doctorat en gérontologie, qui s'échelonne sur un semestre. L'ampleur des sujets et l'étude à fond de la matière sont discutées, de même que la valeur de ce livre en tant que méthode d'instruction. De plus, la revue littéraire comprend des suggestions afin de mettre en valeur la matière présentée dans le livre.
J.P. Lavoie. Familles et soutien aux parents âgés dépendants. Montréal, QC: L'Harmattan, 2000.
Authors: Thomas Daniel 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTIn this book, the author studies the family organization supporting a dependent parent from the perspective of the family caregivers themselves. The majority of studies have examined functional needs. This study, however, posits that caregivers are more concerned with health and protection needs and ensuring the dependent's identity than with concentrating on functional needs. The author believes that in order to fulfill these needs, families have developed protective, monitoring techniques, as well as personal and social relationship supports and aids in basic care. Families have also developed accountability rules that help them attribute tasks to each family member. Caring for a dependent parent allows individuals to contribute, at varying degrees, to a family-group responsibility. This responsibility entails costs as well as benefits; these are outlined in the book. This study develops an innovative approach to caregivers and contributes to the study dedicated to the analysis of caregiver family dynamics.
Jeffrey A. Giordano and Thomas A. Rich The Gerontologist as an Administrator. Westport, CT: Auburn House, 2001.
Authors: Deutschman Marian 
Published: November 2010

RÉSUMÉLa cohorte visée du texte de Giordano et Rich intitulé, The Gerontologist as an Administrator, est l'administrateur actuel ou futur des services à la personne et des programmes de santé adaptés en fonction des personnes âgées. Étant donné que l'American Health Care Administration fait rapport qu'il y a un besoin immédiat de plus de 100 000 professionnels dans les maisons de santé pour remplir les postes au plus bas de l'échelle hiérarchique et pour contrer la baisse des administrateurs brevetés, ce livre est à point. L'inquiétude est qu'il n'y aura pas suffisamment de brevetés pour remplacer les administrateurs qui quittent le métier ou se retirent.De nos jours, il y a plusieurs préoccupations sur la qualité de vie des personnes âgées de notre société et les occasions qui se présentent pour de nouveaux modèles qui pourraient complètement transformer les soins de longue durée. Afin de répondre à ce défi, le gérontologue, en tant qu'administrateur de ces organismes, doit démontrer ses qualités de leadership et de gestion en plus de ses connaissances du domaine. Ce livre examine le sujet admirablement et à profondeur.