bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth Standards of Infants With Prader-Willi Syndrome
Authors: Butler Merlin G. , Sturich Jennifer , Lee Jaehoon , Myers Susan E. , Whitman Barbara Y. , Gold June-Anne , Kimonis Virginia , Scheimann Ann , Terrazas Norma , Driscoll Daniel J. 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To generate and report standardized growth curves for weight, length, head circumference, weight/length, and BMI for non–growth hormone–treated white infants (boys and girls) with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) between 0 and 36 months of age. The goal was to monitor growth and compare data with other infants with PWS.

METHODS:
Anthropometric measures (N = 758) were obtained according to standard methods and analyzed from 186 non–growth hormone–treated white infants (108 boys and 78 girls) with PWS between 0 and 36 months of age. Standardized growth curves were developed and the 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles were calculated by using the LMS (refers to λ, μ, and σ) smoothing procedure method for weight, length, head circumference, weight/length, and BMI along with the normative 50th percentile using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national growth data from 2003. The data were plotted for comparison purposes.

RESULTS:
Five separate standardized growth curves (weight, length, head circumference, weight/length, and BMI) representing 7 percentile ranges were developed from 186 non–growth hormone–treated white male and female infants with PWS aged 0 to 36 months, and the normative 50th percentile was plotted on each standardized infant growth curve.

CONCLUSIONS:
We encourage the use of these growth standards when examining infants with PWS and evaluating growth for comparison purposes, monitoring for growth patterns, nutritional assessment, and recording responses to growth hormone therapy, commonly used in infants and children with PWS.
Pain in Underserved Community-Dwelling Chinese American Cancer Patients: Demographic and Medical Correlates
Authors: Dhingra Lara , Lam Kin , Homel Peter , Chen Jack , Chang Victor T. , Zhou Juanyi , Chan Selina , Lam Wan Ling , Portenoy Russell 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Learning Objectives
After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Discuss the prevalence of frequent or persistent pain among non-English-speaking Chinese American cancer patients.Identify factors that were significantly associated with increased pain intensity and pain-related distress in the population studied.
This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.com

Background.
Little is known about cancer pain in Chinese Americans. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology of pain in this population. This information is needed to identify and address unmet clinical needs for culturally relevant interventions targeting pain and its consequences.

Methods.
A consecutive sample of underserved ethnic Chinese patients in a large community-based oncology practice was screened for persistent or frequent pain. Those patients with pain completed translated instruments assessing demographics, linguistic acculturation, disease-related characteristics, and pain-related characteristics.

Results.
Of 312 patients screened, 178 (57.1%) reported frequent or persistent pain, 175 were eligible, and 170 participated. Most participants (85.9%) were born in China and 84.7% overall spoke Cantonese only. The most common cancers were gastrointestinal (28.2%), lung (21.8%), breast (20.6%), head and neck (12.9%), and genitourinary (4.7%); 43.5% had metastatic disease. The mean worst pain severity on a 0–10 numeric scale was 4.7 (standard deviation, 2.4), with 28.2% of patients rating their worst pain at ≥7 of 10. Although 37.6% used opioids and 47.1% used nonopioids, 45.8% reported “little” or “no” pain relief from medications. Complementary or alternative medicine therapies for cancer pain were used by 35.8%. In multiple regression analyses, worst pain was positively associated with acculturation to the English language and opioid therapy, and pain-related distress was positively associated with opioid therapy.

Conclusion.
Pain is prevalent among community-dwelling, ethnic Chinese American cancer patients. Additional studies are needed to confirm these results and investigate the finding that higher linguistic acculturation is associated with reports of more intense pain.
Intramarrow Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 Gene Delivery Enhances Early Implant Stability in Femurs of Ovariectomized Rabbits
Authors: Lai Yu‐Lin , Kuo Nai‐Chia , Hsiao Wen‐Kai , Yew Tu‐Lai , Lee Shyh‐Yuan , Chen Hen‐Li 
Published: March 2011

Background: Sufficient early implant stability is critical to prevent excessive micromovement of the implant during peri‐implant healing and to ensure the success of osseointegration. Implants placed in osteoporotic bones are often associated with low early implant stability. The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of intramarrow bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) gene delivery on early implant stability and peri‐implant healing.Methods: Adenoviruses encoding human BMP4 or LacZ were introduced into the femoral osteotomy sites immediately before implant placement in ovariectomized rabbits. The implant stability was determined by resonance frequency analysis at weeks 0, 4, and 8. Changes in cortical bone thickness and intrascrew bone formation at weeks 4 and 8 were evaluated by microcomputed tomography analysis and undecalcified histologic examination, respectively.Results: Intramarrow BMP4 gene delivery resulted in more improvement in implant stability at both weeks 4 and 8. Increased increment in peri‐implant cortical bone thickness and better intrascrew bone formation were found in the BMP4 group compared to the LacZ group.Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that intramarrow adenoviral gene delivery of BMP4 enhances peri‐implant bone healing and improves early implant stability in osteoporotic rabbit femurs.
Levels of Interleukin‐21 in Patients With Untreated Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Dutzan Nicolás , Rivas Catalina , García‐Sesnich Jocelyn , Henríquez Leslie , Rivera Oriana , Dezerega Andrea , Hernández Marcela , Silva Nora , Aguillón Juan Carlos , Puente Javier , Vernal Rolando , Gamonal Jorge 
Published: March 2011

Background: A growing body of evidence suggested that interleukin (IL)‐21 enhances the effector phase during T‐cell responses. The aim of our study is to determine the levels of IL‐21 in periodontal sites from patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.Methods: The population studied consisted of 34 patients (15 with chronic periodontitis and 19 healthy patients). Twenty samples (10 gingival crevicular fluid [GCF] and 10 gingival biopsies) were collected from each group before the patients with periodontitis received periodontal treatment. Total protein concentrations were measured in all samples; the presence of IL‐21 was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot, and IL‐21 levels were quantified through an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software. Data were expressed as patient means ± SDs or medians (interquartile ranges) by using the χ2, Student t, and Mann‐Whitney U tests.Results: GCF IL‐21 was mainly detected in patients with chronic periodontitis (P <0.05). Levels of IL‐21 in gingival tissues were significantly higher in patients with chronic periodontitis compared to healthy individuals (P <0.05). The Western blot and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the presence of IL‐21 in periodontal tissues and GCF.Conclusion: IL‐21 was highly expressed in patients with chronic periodontitis, especially in gingival biopsies; therefore, IL‐21 might play a role in the T‐cell response.
Loss of Alveolar Bone Due to Periodontal Disease Exhibits a Threshold on the Association With Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Alman Amy C. , Johnson Lonnie R. , Calverley David C. , Grunwald Gary K. , Lezotte Dennis C. , Harwood Jeri E.F. , Hokanson John E. 
Published: March 2011

Background: A number of epidemiologic studies were published that looked at the association between coronary heart disease (CHD) and periodontal disease. However, debate exists about whether this association is a true relationship or simply an example of an uncontrolled confounder. This retrospective cohort study examines the relationship between periodontal disease and CHD.Methods: Digital panoramic radiographs were used to assess alveolar bone loss (ABL) using a Schei ruler. Participants consisted of Veterans Administration (VA) patients who were eligible for dental benefits and had a digital panoramic radiograph taken at the VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado. Information on CHD and other important clinical variables were obtained from electronic medical records.Results: The examination of the relationship between ABL and CHD revealed a significant non‐linear relationship with a threshold at ≈20% bone loss with a doubling of the probability ratios of CHD compared to those at 7.5% bone loss.Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate a non‐linear relationship between ABL and CHD. A significant positive association between ABL and CHD was found at even low levels of bone loss between 10% and 20%.
Antibiotic Susceptibility of Cocultures in Polymicrobial Infections Such as Peri‐Implantitis or Periodontitis: An In Vitro Model
Authors: Mouratidou Anastasia , Karbach Julia , d'Hoedt Bernd , Al‐Nawas Bilal 
Published: March 2011

Background: Although polymicrobial infections, such as peri‐implantitis or periodontitis, were postulated in the literature to be caused by synergistic effects of bacteria, these effects remain unclear looking at antibiotic susceptibility. The aim of this study is to compare the antibiotic susceptibilities of pure cultures and definite cocultures.Methods: Laboratory strains of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) (previously Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans), Capnocytophaga ochracea (Co), and Parvimonas micra (Pm) (previously Peptostreptococcus micros) were cultivated under anaerobic conditions, and their susceptibilities to 10 antibiotics (benzylpenicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin/sulbactam, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, minocycline, metronidazole, linezolid, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin) were tested using the Epsilometertest. Cocultures, each consisting of two or three bacteria, were treated analogously.Results: All four cocultures showed lower susceptibilities to azithromycin and minocycline than to pure cultures. The coculture Aa‐Co showed a lower susceptibility to moxifloxacin as did the coculture Aa‐Pm to benzylpenicillin G; the coculture Co‐Pm showed a lower susceptibility to amoxicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, metronidazole, and benzylpenicillin G. However, the coculture Co‐Pm showed a higher susceptibility to ampicillin, linezolid and moxifloxacin as did Aa‐Pm and Aa‐Co‐Pm to linezolid.Conclusions: In addition to established in vitro assays, it was demonstrated that antimicrobial cocultures caused antibiotic susceptibilities that differed from those of pure cultures. Bacterial cocultures frequently showed lowered susceptibilities to antibiotics.
Rapid maxillary expansion effects on dynamic measurement of natural head position
Authors: Yagci Ahmet , Uysal Tancan , Usumez Serdar , Orhan Metin 
Published: March 2011

Abstract

Objective:
To identify the effect of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) procedure on dynamic measurement of natural head position (NHP).

Materials and Methods:
The treatment group comprised 23 patients, 12 girls and 11 boys (mean age: 10.1 ± 1.1 years), and the control group comprised 15 subjects, 8 girls and 7 boys (mean age: 9.7 ± 1.4 years). The test subjects underwent RME treatment using full cap acrylic device, and the mean amount of expansion was 5.48 mm. An inclinometer and a portable data logger were used to collect the NHP data. Intragroup changes were evaluated by using nonparametric Wilcoxon test, and intergroup changes were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U-test. P values less than .05 were considered statistically significant.

Results:
The mean difference between initial and final NHP was 0.31°, and this difference was not statistically significant. Also, there were no statistically significant differences between the RME and control groups before and after treatment.

Conclusion:
Treatment with the RME procedure showed no statistically significant effects on dynamic measurement of NHP when compared with initial values or untreated control.
Point seroprevalence of canine influenza virus H3N8 in dogs participating in a flyball tournament in Pennsylvania
Authors: Serra Verna F. , Stanzani Giacomo , Smith Gary , Otto Cynthia M. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine the seroprevalence of antibody against canine influenza virus H3N8 in a group of pet dogs that participate in flyball in Pennsylvania.
Design—Serologic survey.
Animals—Dogs attending a flyball tournament in Downingtown, Pa, from November 13 to 14, 2009.
Procedures—Blood samples were collected from dogs following owner consent. Medical, travel, and activity history of the dogs for the previous 10.5 months was obtained from owners. Serum was harvested and submitted to Cornell University Diagnostic Laboratory for measurement of antibody against canine influenza virus H3N8 via hemagglutination inhibition testing.
Results—Serum samples were obtained from 100 of 256 dogs participating in the flyball event. Although 3 of the 100 (3%) samples had positive results for antibody against canine influenza, none of the associated dogs had respiratory signs of infection (eg, coughing, sneezing, or nasal or ocular discharge) in the 10.5 months prior to testing. Eleven dogs had a history of respiratory signs, but none of those dogs had antibody against canine influenza H3N8. In addition, none of the study dogs had been vaccinated against canine influenza H3N8.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Although canine influenza is considered enzootic in certain areas of the country (eg, Pennsylvania or New York), this study identified a low seroprevalence in dogs considered at high risk for infection given their life conditions and geographic origins. More research is warranted to elucidate the prevalence of exposure to the H3N8 virus in competitive sporting dogs and determine whether vaccination is warranted in such dogs.
Cooperative phenomena in strongly correlated electron systems
Authors: Farkašovský Pavol 
Published: March 2011

Cooperative phenomena in strongly correlated electron systemsIn this review we present results of our theoretical study of cooperative phenomena in strongly correlated electron systems obtained within various generalizations of the Falicov-Kimball model. The primary goal of this study was to identify crucial interactions that lead to the stabilization of the specific cooperative phenomenon, and then try to elaborate its comprehensive microscopic description. The main attention is devoted to a discussion of valence and metal-insulator transitions, formation of charge and spin ordering, electronic ferroelectricity, itinerant ferromagmetism and mechanisms leading to their stabilization. Among the major mechanisms we examine the effect of local and nonlocal Coulomb interaction between localized and itinerant electrons, local and nonlocal hybridization, long-range and correlated hopping of itinerant electrons and spin-dependent interaction between localized and itinerant electrons, both for zero and nonzero temperatures, as well as for doped and undoped systems. Finally, the relevance of resultant solutions for a description of rare-earth and transition-metal compounds is discussed.
Le paradigme pakistanais
Authors: Racine Jean-Luc 
Published: March 2011

Le syndrome de la partition de 1947 et les multiples guerres qui ont opposé l’Inde au Pakistan continuent de déﬁnir le paradigme stratégique pakistanais, qui s’est encore renforcé avec le soutien apporté aux moudjahidines afghans dans les années 1980 et l’insurrection au Cachemire indien dans les années 1990. La stratégie d’instrumentalisation des mouvements islamistes armés au service de la politique régionale a toutefois un prix. Après le 11 Septembre, le général Musharraf modiﬁe la ligne ofﬁcielle, tant vis-à-vis des talibans que des jihadistes opérant au Cachemire. Même si sa pratique est pour le moins ambiguë, c’en est trop pour une partie des radicaux, qui se retournent contre le pouvoir d’État, qui doit alors faire face à des insurrections en pays pachtoune, et à la montée du terrorisme urbain, aggravé par les conflits entre sunnites et chiites, les tensions ethniques et les difﬁcultés économiques. Mais l’armée, État dans l’État, maintient le paradigme : l’Inde est présentée comme plus menaçante que les troubles internes, d’autant que les aléas de la politique « AfPak » du président Obama ouvrent au Pakistan de nouveaux horizons en Afghanistan.
Le Pakistan dans la tourmente : discours nationaliste et stratégie du déni
Authors: Reynolds Nathalène 
Published: March 2011

Cet article se propose d’examiner la rhétorique nationaliste pakistanaise qui fut inaugurée au lendemain de la « guerre contre la terreur » à laquelle la République islamique du Pakistan fut appelée à se joindre. Islamabad (et Rawalpindi, siège des instances militaires) chercha à convaincre la population de la nécessité qui avait été la sienne d’opter pour la politique des deux fers au feu. Appuyant l’effort de guerre des forces de l’OTAN en Afghanistan, le Pakistan estima qu’il n’en devait pas moins continuer de se prémunir à l’encontre du danger que représentait, selon lui, l’hégémonie indienne. Il n’oubliait pas davantage ses ambitions régionales à la frontière afghane. Il optait pour une stratégie de déni : il s’indignait de ce que la communauté internationale remette en cause sa bonne foi alors qu’il combattait à ses côtés ; il continuait de soutenir les « bons » talibans, à savoir ceux qui l’autoriseraient à reconquérir son influence en Afghanistan dès le départ des troupes étrangères.
La vérité guérit-elle ? La psychanalyse est-elle un exercice spirituel ?
Authors: Lemoine Laurent 
Published: March 2011

Résumé Aujourd’hui, les psychanalystes font parfois face à une sorte de retour du religieux dans les cures qu’ils dirigent, selon des modalités variées et dans un paysage culturel qui mélange croyance, foi, spiritualités de tous ordres. On se demande alors si la psychanalyse ne saurait elle-même être considérée comme un exercice spirituel. Jean Allouch, lecteur de Michel Foucault, le propose non sans ambiguïtés. L’éthique psychanalytique n’oblige-t-elle pas, au contraire, à laïciser « Dieu » ou le spirituel sans négliger la richesse du patrimoine chrétien, notamment le courant mystique étudié par Lacan ? C’est la question de la vérité, plus que celle de la guérison, qui anime en définitive les deux recherches.
Cognition collective : partage de préoccupations entre les joueurs d'une équipe de basket-ball au cours d'un match
Authors: Bourbousson Jérôme , Poizat Germain , Saury Jacques , Sève Carole 
Published: March 2011

Résumé	Notre étude s’est attachée à analyser la construction de l’activité collective en s’intéressant au partage des préoccupations entre les partenaires d’une équipe lors d’un match de basket-ball. Elle a été menée en référence au cadre théorique et méthodologique du cours d’action (Theureau, 2006). Elle a caractérisé la nature des préoccupations individuelles des joueurs et les formes d’agencement de ces préoccupations au sein de l’équipe au cours du temps. Les résultats ont mis en évidence deux dynamiques d’apparition des moments de convergence des préoccupations en relation avec la nature de ce qui est partagé par les joueurs. Sont discutées la relation entre préoccupations partagées et performance collective, ainsi que la notion de compréhension partagée.
A Geospatial Approach to Identify Water Quality Issues for National Wildlife Refuges in Oregon and Washington
Authors: Hinck Jo Ellen , Chojnacki Kimberly , Finger Susan , Linder Greg , Kilbride Kevin 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Many National Wildlife Refuges (Refuges) have impaired water quality resulting from historic and current land uses, upstream sources, and aerial pollutant deposition. Competing duties limit the time available for Refuge staff to identify and evaluate potential water quality issues. As a result, water quality–related issues may not be resolved until a problem has already arisen. This study developed a geospatial approach for identifying and prioritizing water quality issues affecting natural resources (including migratory birds and federally listed species) within Refuge boundaries. We assessed the location and status of streams pursuant to the Clean Water Act in relation to individual Refuges in Oregon and Washington, United States. Although twelve Refuges in Oregon (60%) and eight Refuges in Washington (40%) were assessed under the Clean Water Act, only 12% and 3% of total Refuge stream lengths were assessed, respectively. Very few assessed Refuge streams were not designated as impaired (0% in Oregon, 1% in Washington). Despite the low proportions of stream lengths assessed, most Refuges in Oregon (70%) and Washington (65%) are located in watersheds with approved total maximum daily loads. We developed summaries of current water quality issues for individual Refuges and identified large gaps for Refuge-specific water quality data and habitat utilization by sensitive species. We conclude that monitoring is warranted on many Refuges to better characterize water quality under the Clean Water Act.
Novel Blocking Human IgG Directed against the Pentapeptide Repeat Motifs of Neisseria meningitidis Lip/H.8 and Laz Lipoproteins
Authors: Dutta Ray Tathagat , Lewis Lisa A. , Gulati Sunita , Rice Peter A. , Ram Sanjay 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Ab-initiated, complement-dependent killing contributes to host defenses against invasive meningococcal disease. Sera from nonimmunized individuals vary widely in their bactericidal activity against group B meningococci. We show that IgG isolated from select individuals can block killing of group B meningococci by human sera that are otherwise bactericidal. This IgG also reduced the bactericidal efficacy of Abs directed against the group B meningococcal protein vaccine candidates factor H-binding protein currently undergoing clinical trials and Neisserial surface protein A. Immunoblots revealed that the blocking IgG was directed against a meningococcal Ag called H.8. Killing of meningococci in reactions containing bactericidal mAbs and human blocking Abs was restored when binding of blocking Ab to meningococci was inhibited using either synthetic peptides corresponding to H.8 or a nonblocking mAb against H.8. Furthermore, genetic deletion of H.8 from target organisms abrogated blocking. The Fc region of the blocking IgG was required for blocking because F(ab′)2 fragments were ineffective. Blocking required IgG glycosylation because deglycosylation with peptide:N-glycanase eliminated blocking. C4b deposition mediated by an anti-factor H-binding protein mAb was reduced by intact blocking IgG, but not by peptide:N-glycanase–treated blocking IgG, suggesting that blocking resulted from inhibition of classical pathway of complement. In conclusion, we have identified H.8 as a meningococcal target for novel blocking Abs in human serum. Such blocking Abs may reduce the efficacy of select antigroup B meningococcal protein vaccines. We also propose that outer membrane vesicle-containing meningococcal vaccines may be more efficacious if purged of subversive immunogens such as H.8.