bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BRAF deletion in adult patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis correlates with multisystem disease and poor outcome
Authors: Cao Xin-xin , Lang Min , Chang Long , Cai Hao , Lin He , Liu Zheng-zheng , Duan Ming-hui , Zhou Dao-Bin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare and highly heterogeneous histiocytosis. The objective of this study was to characterize the genomic landscape of adult LCH and correlate molecular findings with clinical features and patient outcomes. This study included 254 patients aged ≥18 years with biopsy-proven LCH from January 2000 to December 2023. All patients underwent next-generation sequencing (NGS) or fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR) for the BRAFV600E mutation. Overall, 254 patients were enrolled. MAPK/PI3K pathway alterations were observed in 77.6%（n=197）of the patients. BRAFV600E mutation was the most common (30.7%, n=78), followed by BRAFindel (18.1%, n=46) and MAP2K1 mutations (12.6%, n=32). The proportion of BRAFindel was much higher in patients with MS involvement than single system disease (24.5% vs 6.6%, p＜0.001). In overall patients, BRAFindel was associated with inferior overall survival (3-year OS 90.0% vs 98.0%, p=0.038) and progression-free survival (3-year PFS 46.7% vs 77.6%, p＜0.001). In MS LCH patients, BRAFindel was associated to worse PFS (3-year PFS 44.6% vs 74.2%, p＜0.001). In summary, this large study provides molecular and clinical pathologic characterization of adult LCH. BRAFindel appeared almost exclusively in MS patients, and was associated to worse outcome.
Effect of Occupational Accidents on Job Performance; A Case of a Construction Firm
Authors: Agyemang-Beniako Afia , Kwesi Sabastian Samuel , Mensah Claudia Andoh 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Incidents of accidents at the construction site are higher in developing countries than developed countries. Safety at the construction site remains the poorest of all when compared with other manufacturing industry like the furniture and fixtures, fashion industries among others. The construction industry comprises of several people with different backgrounds and different tasks performed by them. The study examined the effect of occupational accident on job performance; a case of a construction firm in Kumasi-Ghana. 5 section questionnaires enclosing questions on demographic characteristics, general knowledge on safety and legalities, accident occurrence, safety management systems and employee attitude were administered to 110 workers of the construction firm. Chi-square and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient(r) were statistical tools used for the analysis of results. The result established a weak negative correlation (-0.164) between accident and job performance (labor productivity) and a statistically not significant association between the accidents occurrence and absenteeism as (χ2 = 0.4291; d.f. = 1; p > 0.512) and a significant association between nature of accident and absenteeism (χ2 =6.7360; d.f. = 1; p < 0.009). The results of the study revealed that there was higher knowledge of safety legalities and practices and a positive attitude on safety, whereas low records of accidents were recorded among the construction workers of the firm implying a good safety management system. The study concludes that a good safety management system and a positive employee attitude would reduce absenteeism, occupational accidents and further increases labor productivity.
Determination of the Phloem Path and Destination of the Photosynthates by Autoradiography and Fluorescent Marker Imaging
Authors: Kaiho-Soma Ai , Kurita Yuko , Kobayashi Natsuko I. , Nakanishi Tomoko M. , Tanoi Keitaro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Vascular bundle connectivity, which is closely associated with phyllotaxis, plays a crucial role in determine the destination of photosynthates. The correlation between vascular connections and phosphate distribution has been studied in some plants; however, it is far from fully understood. In this study, the phloem paths and destinations of photosynthates in soybean plants was investigated. In soybeans, trifoliate leaves are alternately arranged. To trace the movement of photosynthates, radioisotope-labeled 14C-sucrose was applied to mature leaves, and autoradiography was performed. The results indicated that photosynthates were translocated from the first trifoliate (L1) or second trifoliate (L2) to the immature third trifoliate (L3) and fourth trifoliate (L4) leaves, which are located on both side of the stem. When 14C -sucrose was added to one side of the source leaves, the 14C signal was detected on the corresponding side of the sink leaves. The photosynthates were translocated from the left side of L1 to the right side of L2 and the left side of L3. The phloem paths were traced using carboxyfluorescein (CF), which is known a phloem marker, and 14C-sucrose. The photosynthates were translocated via different phloem paths from both L1 and L2, as well as from the left and right side of the trifoliate. These results indicate that photosynthates from a single trifoliate are broadly distribute, while the underlying translocation paths are finely subdivided.
Association between body composition and prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma after curative-intent surgery: an updated systematic review and meta-analysisTITLE PAGE
Authors: Zeng Di , Wang Yaoqun , Wen Ningyuan , Lu Jiong , Li Bei , Cheng Nansheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: The association between body composition and outcomes has been established in numerous malignancies. However, the prognostic significance of body composition in cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. This meta-analysis aims to determine the prognostic value of preoperative unfavorable body composition statusin patients undergoing curative-intent surgery for cholangiocarcinoma.
Methods: The database searches encompassed PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from their inception to February 2024. The main outcomes of interest in the main studies included the impact of unfavorable body composition status on OS, RFS, the probability of major postoperative complications, and the probability of postoperative recurrence. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA 17.0 software.
Results: This meta-analysis, comprising 25 retrospective studies involving 4564 patients, identified significant associations between sarcopenia (HR 1.97, 95% CI 1.62-2.40), sarcopenic obesity (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16–1.78), and myosteatosis (HR 1.32, 95% CI 1.03-1.70) with worse overall survival (all p < 0.05). Sarcopenia was also linked to poorer RFS (HR1.86, 95% CI 1.47-2.35). Additionally, these conditions were significantly associated with a higher probability of severe postoperative complications (OR1.59, 1.79, 1.73, respectively, all p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The adverse body composition status was significantly linked to a poorer prognosis and increased postoperative complication rates. However, further validation through higher-quality studies is needed.
Comparative Performance of Cement and Lime with Costus bracteatus Rowlee on Stabilized Soil
Authors: Udo Essien , Kennedy Charles 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study investigated the comparative performance of cement and lime admixtures blended with varying dosages of bagasse ash from Costus bracteatus Rowlee for stabilization of problematic expansive black cotton soil. Laboratory characterization tests were conducted to assess the impact on compaction, shear strength and compressibility characteristics. Results showed that both CB and LB composite mixtures improved the engineering properties of the soil. However, a comparative evaluation was also presented. At 12% bagasse ash, the MDD of CB mixes at 1554kg/m3 exceeded LB mixes by 7.1% due to cement hydration reactions. The OMC of CB mixes at 13.12% was 4.2% lower than LB mixes attributable to cement's lower water demand. At 10% ash, LL and PI of LB mixes exceeded CB mixes by 2.1% and 0.9% respectively due to lime’s stronger plasticizing impact. However, the PL difference was marginal at 0.5% higher for LB mixes. Unsoaked and soaked CBR values progressively improved, with CB mixes surpassing LB mixes by 1.4% and 1.2% attributable to cement's pore optimization. The UCS amplified up to 10% ash dosage due to bagasse ash's pozzolanic reactions. Nevertheless, at 10% ash CB mixes achieved a UCS of 212.1MPa, surmounting LB mixes by 6.8% attributable to cement matrix’s superior strength attributes. In conclusion, both composite mixtures improved expansive soil properties suitably for construction applications. However, cement additive consistently outperformed lime by 1–7% for strength parameters owing to its pore-optimizing pozzolanic reactions, establishing its technical advantages. Bagasse ash proved effective in augmenting treated soil performance when blended with either binder.
Advancing Law Enforcement Through AI: Aproposal for District-Level Person and Vehicletracking.
Authors: DAVE HARSH , Sutaria Kruti 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper introduces a proposal for Advancing LawEnforcement Through AI: A Proposal for District-levelPerson and Vehicle Tracking. The proposal outlines thedevelopment of a sophisticated District-level Person andVehicle Tracking System, powered by artificial intelligence(AI) technologies. The system aims to bolster law enforcementcapabilities by enabling real-time tracking and notificationsfor individuals and vehicles of interest within designateddistricts. Leveraging advanced AI algorithms, including facialrecognition and number plate detection, the proposed systemoffers a comprehensive solution to the challenges faced bylaw enforcement agencies in monitoring and apprehendingsuspects. The proof of concept demonstrates the technicalfeasibility of district-level tracking, showcasing synchronizedsightings and generating detailed maps of locations. Byaddressing privacy concerns and implementing rigorousprotocols, the proposed system represents a significantadvancement in law enforcement practices, with the potentialto revolutionize public safety management at the district level.
Gain and Bandwidth Enhancement of Superstrate Loaded 2×2 Circular- Array Antenna for X-Band and RADAR Applications
Authors: Varshney Atul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This article demonstrates the fabrication and measurements of a corporate offset-fed 2×2 array electromagnetically coupled patch (EMCP) circular antenna based on the Fabry-Perot cavity principle. A single-element antenna has a low gain of 6.28 dBi; it is enhanced to 13.45 dBi by loading the array with a superstrate. The antenna parameters—10 dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) and gain—are improved by an air gap with four stacked circular patches and four stubs in the proposed design. The peak gain of a 2×2 array without a superstrate was 8.88 dBi at 8.19 GHz, which was enhanced to 13.82 dBi at 9.55 GHz by parasitic loading and a superstrate. The FBW of the proposed array antenna was enhanced by arranging four stubs between the four circles in the superstrate structure. The − 10dB FBW without stubs was 24.82% (7.62–9.73 GHz), and with stubs it became 38.47% (7.73–11.0 GHz). Adjustment of the height of the substrate at 2.0 mm not only improves the gain and bandwidth but also supports enhancing the unidirectional radiation patterns. The array was prototyped and measured to validate the simulated reflection coefficients and radiation characteristics, which found excellent agreement with each other. Therefore, the designed array is most suitable for launchers in transitions, radio wave detection and ranging (RADAR), military, satellite, X-band communications, and microwave laboratory applications.
Causal effects of gut microbiota on pneumonia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Niu Xiaoya , Chen Yu , Xiong Yajun , Cai Mengting , Guo Tianyi , Wang Shuang , Feng Yuying , Song Chunhua , Xu Aiguo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Emerging evidence indicates substantial alterations in gut microbiota among individuals with pneumonia. Nevertheless, it is still controversial whether the alterations of gut microbiome are the causation or result in the development of pneumonia. Consequently, a Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to investigate the causal effects.
Methods
We used IVW-FE as the main analysis method and considered the following methods, Maximum likelihood (ML), MR‒Egger regression, and simple median, to verify the authenticity of the results. In addition, the Cochran’s Q statistic, the MR Egger intercept test, the MR-PRESSO test, the leave-one-out analysis, and the Bonferroni correction were conducted as sensitivity analysis.
Results
The IVW-FE method revealed that a higher abundance of family Defluviitaleaceae (OR = 0.912, 95% CI = 0.864–0.964, P = 9.99E-04) was significantly correlated with a lower risk of pneumonia after the Bonferroni correction. Additionally, 6 nominal causal relationships (4 harmful and 2 preventive features) were discovered between gut microbiota and the susceptibility to pneumonia. As for three phenotypes, 10 nominal causal effects (4 harmful and 6 preventive features), 13 nominal causal effects (9 harmful and 4 preventive features), and 8 nominal causal effects (4 harmful and 4 preventive features) were identified for bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, and other pneumonia, respectively. Additionally, no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy was found.
Conclusions
This MR research found several causal effects between specific gut microbiota and pneumonia, as well as among its three phenotypes. Novel opinions for noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers and targets for therapeutic intervention in pneumonia patients were provided.
Discovering common pathogenetic processes between SARS-CoV-2 infection and polycystic ovary syndrome based on an integrated bioinformatics approach and experiment validation
Authors: Bai Hai , Zhang Shanshan , Li Cui , Wang Mingming 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The prevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) among polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is significantly higher than in the general population. However, the mechanisms underlying this remain obscure. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms by identifying genetic signature of SARS-CoV-2 infection in PCOS. In the present study, a total of 27 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected for subsequent analyses. Functional analyses showed that immunity and hormone related pathways collectively participated in the development and progression of PCOS and SARS Cov-2 infection. Under these, 7 significant hub genes were identified, including S100A9, MMP9, TLR2, THBD, ITGB2, ICAM1, CD86 by using the algorithm in Cytoscape. Furthermore, hub genes expression was confirmed in validation set, PCOS clinical samples and mouse model. Immune microenvironment analysis with CIBERSORTx database demonstrated that the hub genes were significantly correlated with T cells, dendritic cells, mast cells, B cells, NK cells, eosinophils and positively correlated with immune scores. Among the hub genes, S100A9, MMP9, THBD, ITGB2, CD86 and ICAM1 exhibited preferable values as diagnostic makers for COVID-19 and PCOS. In addition, we established the interaction networks of ovary-specific genes, transcription factors, miRNAs, drugs, and chemical compounds with hub genes with NetworkAnalyst. This work uncovered the common pathogenesis and genetic signature of PCOS and SARS-CoV-2 infection, which might provide a theoretical basis and innovative ideas for further mechanistic research and drug discovery of the comorbidity of two diseases.
Unraveling the link between sterol ester and colorectal cancer: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Chuanyuan , Xie Junfeng , Ye Baolong , Zhong Junqiao , Xu Xin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Several studies reported the sterol ester (SE), one subclass of subtype of cholesterol esters (CE), is associated with the incidence of Colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, the causal relationship of SE on CRC remains unknown.
Methods
A two-sample Mendelian randomization study was performed with the summary statistics of sterol ester (27:1/14:0) from the largest available genome-wide association study meta-analysis(n = 377277) conducted by FinnGen consortium. The summary data were obtained from UK Biobank repository (377673 cases and 372016 controls). And we used relative filter (p < 5 x 10− 6 and LD r2 < 0.01) of instrumental variables to explore the causal effect and complete the sensitive analysis with the threshold p < 5 x 10− 8 and LD r2 < 0.01. Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median, Simple Mode and weighted model, were used to examine the causal association between SE (27:1/14:0) and CRC. Cochran’s Q statistics were used to quantify the heterogeneity of instrumental variables.
Results
The IVW results showed that SE (27:1/14:0) (OR = 1.004; 95% CI 1.002, 1.005; p < 0.001) have genetic causal relationship with CRC. The results of Weighted median, Weighted mode and Simple mode are all consistent with IVW models. Though, the result from the MR-Egger method (OR = 1.005; 95% CI 1.004, 1.009; p = 0.052) didn’t demonstrate a significant result. There was no heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy or outliers, and results were normally distributed. The MR analysis results were not driven by a single SNP. And results from two filter threshold is consistent.
Conclusion
Altogether, genetically predicted sterol ester (27:1/14:0) plays a causal association role in the incidence of CRC. This finding will provide a new screening and diagnosis indicator of CRC in the future.
Live-cell single-molecule fluorescence microscopy for protruding organelles reveals regulatory mechanisms of MYO7A-driven cargo transport in stereocilia of inner ear hair cells
Authors: Miyoshi Takushi , Vishwasrao Harshad , Belyantseva Inna , Sajeevadathan Mrudhula , Ishibashi Yasuko , Adadey Samuel , Harada Narinobu , Shroff Hari , Friedman Thomas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Stereocilia are unidirectional F-actin-based cylindrical protrusions on the apical surface of inner ear hair cells and function as biological mechanosensors of sound and acceleration. Development of functional stereocilia requires motor activities of unconventional myosins to transport proteins necessary for elongating the F-actin cores and to assemble the mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) channel complex. However, how each myosin localizes in stereocilia using the energy from ATP hydrolysis is only partially understood. In this study, we develop a methodology for live-cell single-molecule fluorescence microscopy of organelles protruding from the apical surface using a dual-view light-sheet microscope, diSPIM. We demonstrate that MYO7A, a component of the MET machinery, traffics as a dimer in stereocilia. Movements of MYO7A are restricted when scaffolded by the plasma membrane and F-actin as mediated by MYO7A’s interacting partners. Here, we discuss the technical details of our methodology and its future applications including analyses of cargo transportation in various organelles.
Classification of hepatic echinococcosis based on ultrasound using radiomics approaches including machine and deep learning models and Compared with primary medical workers: a retrospective, large-scale, dual-center application study
Authors: Cai Diming , Zhang Xuhui , Suolang Lamu , Ren Yelei , Wang Yifei , Zhong Xiaofei , Zhou Wu , Chen Juan , Qiu Jiajun , Jiang Jingwen , Yin Jin , Wang Junren , Gou Zehui , Lu Qiang , Li Yongzhong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Hepatic echinococcosis (HE) is a life-threatening parasitic disease that requires precise diagnosis and proper treatment, and ultrasonography is recommended to diagnosis. However, challenges remain with primary medical workers in the diagnosis and differentiation of HE by ultrasound. This study aims to develop an intelligent artificial-intelligence-assisted model, based on ultrasound and radiomics flow, to differentiate different types of HE.
Methods Between 2005 and 2023, this study employed ultrasonography-based radiomics approaches to build machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models for the classification of HE. ML models, based on eight classifiers, including support vector machine, auto-encoder (AE), linear discriminant analysis, random forest (RF), logistic regression, adaptive boosting, decision tree, and naive Bayes, and DL models, based on EfficientNetB0, InceptionV3, ResNet50 and VGG19, were trained and tested. Sonographers with various diagnostic experience and from different endemic areas were recruited. The diagnostic performance of models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and was compared with primary medical workers using Delong test.
Results A total of 5,036 patients and 23,512 images were included. VGG19 network architecture outperformed all other models (P<.001 for all), with areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.912 (95%CI 0.903-0.920), 0.907 (95%CI 0.898-0.916) and 0.974 (95%CI 0.942-1.000) in the validation, internal test, and prospective test set, respectively. ML models also showed comparable diagnostic efficacy, with AUC of 0.904 (95%CI 0.881-0.988) for RF model, 0.932 (95%CI 0.891-0.993) for AE model, in the prospective test set. Compared to sonographers in the senior high-endemicity area group (AUC 0.886, [95%CI 0.801-0.951]), VGG19 exhibited higher diagnostic performance (P<.001), which outperformed all groups, while random forest (P=.752) and auto-encoder (P=.380) models demonstrated comparable diagnostic efficacy, which outperformed all other groups.
Conclusions The application of artificial-intelligence-assisted system could improve the ultrasonic diagnostic ability of primary medical workers for the classification of HE in high-endemicity areas.
The Double-edged Sword Effect of New Generation Employees' Perceived Overqualification on Job Crafting：A Cross-lagged Study
Authors: Li Lingyuan , Wang Qinglin , Zhao Junzhe , Chao Wenfan , Wang Minghui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the intrinsic mechanisms linking perceived overqualification and job crafting, utilizing a longitudinal questionnaire survey. Additionally, it examines the moderating role of job autonomy in this relationship. Employing a multiple time-point measurement approach, the survey comprehensively assessed all variables across three intervals of three months., resulting in the collection of a matched set of 516 valid samples. Cross-lagged and moderated analyses revealed that role-width self-efficacy and job alienation mediated the relationship between perceived overqualification and job crafting Specially, perceived overqualification, measured at the first time point, positively predicted role width self-efficacy and job alienation measured at the second time point. Subsequently, role-width self-efficacy and job alienation, assessed at the second time point, positively and negatively influenced job crafting behaviors, respectively, as measured at the third time point. The moderating effect of job autonomy was not significant in these models. The results of this study highlight the double-edged sword effect of perceived overqualification on job crafting, revealing its multifaceted impacts. Thses insights have significant implications for the development of new generation employee and for improving organizational managemet strategies.