bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Care Dependency Scale for measuring basic human needs: an international comparison
Authors: Dijkstra Ate , Yönt Gülendam Hakverdioğlu , Korhan Esra Akin , Muszalik Marta , Kędziora‐Kornatowska Kornelia , Suzuki Mizue 
Published: February 2012

dijkstra a., yönt g.h., korhan e.a., muszalik m, kędziora‐kornatowska k. & suzuki m. (2012) The Care Dependency Scale for measuring basic human needs: an international comparison. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(10), 2341–2348.AbstractAim.  To report a study conducted to compare the utility of the Care Dependency Scale across four countries.Background.  The Care Dependency Scale provides a framework for assessing the needs of institutionalized patients for nursing care. Henderson’s components of nursing care have been used to specify the variable aspects of the concept of care dependency and to develop the Care Dependency Scale items.Design.  The study used a cross‐cultural survey design.Method.  Patients were recruited from four different countries: Japan, The Netherlands, Poland and Turkey. In each of the participating countries, basic human needs were assessed by nurses using a translated version of the original Dutch Care Dependency Scale. Psychometric properties in terms of reliability and validity of the Care Dependency Scale have been assessed using Cronbach’s alpha, Guttman’s Lambda‐2, inter‐item correlation and principal components analysis. Data were collected in 2008 and 2009.Results.  High internal consistency values were demonstrated. Principal component analysis confirmed the one‐factor model reported in earlier studies.Conclusion. Outcomes confirm Henderson’s idea that human needs are fundamental appearing in every patient‐nurse relationship, independent of the patient’s age, the type of care setting and/or cultural background. The psychometric characteristics of the Care Dependency Scale make this instrument very useful for comparative research across countries.
Why did I become a nurse? Personality traits and reasons for entering nursing
Authors: Eley Diann , Eley Rob , Bertello Marisa , Rogers‐Clark Cath 
Published: February 2012

eley d., eley r., bertello m. & rogers‐clark c. (2012) Why did I become a nurse? Personality traits and reasons for entering nursing. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(7), 1546–1555.AbstractAims.  This article is a report of a mixed method study of the association between personality traits of nurses and their reasons for entering nursing.Background.  The worldwide nursing shortage prompts research into better understanding of why individuals enter nursing and may assist in exploring ways to increase their recruitment and long term retention.Design.  A mixed method sequential explanatory design employed semi‐structured interviews and a validated personality inventory measuring temperament and character traits.Methods.  Registered Nurses (n = 12) and nursing students (n = 11) working and studying in a regional area of Queensland Australia were purposively sampled for the interviews in 2010 from their participation in the survey in 2009 investigating their personality traits. Qualitative data collection stopped at saturation. A thematic content analysis of the qualitative data using the framework approach was interpreted alongside their personality trait profiles.Results.  Two dominant themes were identified from the participant interviews about reasons for entering nursing; ‘opportunity for caring’ and ‘my vocation in life’. These themes were congruent with key temperament and character traits measured in the participants. All nurses and students were very high in traits that exude empathy and altruistic ideals regardless of other characteristics which included highly pragmatic and self‐serving principles.Conclusions.  Qualitative and quantitative findings suggest that a caring nature is a principal quality of the nursing personality. Recruitment and retention strategies whilst promoting multiple benefits for the profession should not forget that the prime impetus for entering nursing is the opportunity to care for others.
Perceived work ability and turnover intentions: a prospective study among Belgian healthcare workers
Authors: Derycke Hanne , Clays Els , Vlerick Peter , D’Hoore William , Hasselhorn Hans Martin , Braeckman Lutgart 
Published: February 2012

derycke h., clays e., vlerick p., d’hoore w., hasselhorn h. m. & braeckman l. (2012) Perceived work ability and turnover intentions: a prospective study among Belgian healthcare workers. Journal of Advanced Nursing68(7), 1556–1566.AbstractAim.  To report a study exploring prospective relations between nurses’ perceived work ability and three forms of turnover intentions, respectively, intent to leave the ward, organization and profession.Background.  Turnover of nursing staff is a major challenge for healthcare settings and for healthcare in general, urging the need to improve retention.Design.  Survey.Methods.  Based on the longitudinal data of the Belgian sample from the European Nurses’ Early Exit study, a total of 1531 healthcare workers who remained in their job, completed in 2003 and 1 year later a self‐administered questionnaire including the Work Ability Index to assess work ability. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed adjusting for possible confounding variables.Results.  In a population with low intent to leave at baseline prospective analyses showed that a poor work ability at baseline increased the risk of high intent to leave the ward and high intent to leave the organization, 1 year later. A substantial deterioration in work ability was a risk factor for developing high turnover intentions 1 year later. Social support had no effect on the relation between work ability and all three types of intent to leave but the relation between work ability and intent to leave the ward was borderline significantly moderated by good interpersonal relations.Conclusions.  Poor work ability was a risk factor for developing turnover intentions. Maintaining good work ability and improving poor work ability becomes increasingly important to retain nurses.
The relationships of social support, uncertainty, self‐efficacy, and commitment to prenatal psychosocial adaptation
Authors: Hui Choi W.H. , Lee G.L. , Chan Celia H.Y. , Cheung Ray Y.H. , Lee Irene L.Y. , Chan Cecilia L.W. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAims.  To report a study of the relations of prenatal psychosocial adaptation, social support, demographic and obstetric characteristics, uncertainty, information‐seeking behaviour, motherhood normalization, self‐efficacy, and commitment to pregnancy.Background.  Prenatal psychosocial assessment is recommended to identify psychosocial risk factors early to prevent psychiatric morbidities of mothers and children. However, knowledge on psychosocial adaptation and its explanatory variables is inconclusive.Design. This study was non‐experimental, with a cross‐sectional, correlational, prospective design.Methods.  The study investigated Hong Kong Chinese women during late pregnancy. Convenience sampling methods were used, with 550 women recruited from the low‐risk clinics of three public hospitals. Data was collected between January–April 2007. A self‐reported questionnaire was used, consisting of a number of measurements derived from an integrated framework of the Life Transition Theory and Theory of Uncertainty in Illness. Explanatory variables of psychosocial adaptation were identified using a structural equation modelling programme.Results.  The four explanatory variables of the psychosocial adaptation were social support, uncertainty, self‐efficacy, and commitment to pregnancy. In the established model, which had good fit indices, greater psychosocial adaptation was associated with higher social support, higher self‐efficacy, higher commitment to pregnancy, and lower uncertainty.Conclusion.  The findings give clinicians and midwives guidance in the aspects to focus on when providing psychosocial assessment in routine prenatal screening. Since there are insufficient reliable screening tools to assist that assessment, midwives should receive adequate training, and effective screening instruments have to be identified. The explanatory role of uncertainty found in this study should encourage inquiries into the relationship between uncertainty and psychosocial adaptation in pregnancy.
The performance advantage of a high resting metabolic rate in juvenile salmon is habitat dependent
Authors: Reid Donald , Armstrong John D. , Metcalfe Neil B. 
Published: February 2012

Summary1. Basal levels of metabolism vary significantly among individuals in many taxa, but the effects of this on fitness are generally unknown. Resting metabolic rate (RMR) in juvenile salmon and trout is positively related to dominance status and ability to obtain a feeding territory, but it is not clear how this translates into performance in natural conditions.2. The relationships between RMR, dominance, territoriality and growth rates of yearling Atlantic salmon Salmo salar were examined in relation to predictability in food supply and habitat complexity, using replicate sections of a large‐scale controlled semi‐natural stream.3. Estimated RMR was a strong predictor of dominance, and under conditions of a predictable food supply in a structurally simple habitat, high estimated RMR fish obtained the best feeding territories and grew faster.4. When the spatial distribution of food was made less predictable, dominant (high estimated RMR) fish were still able to occupy the most profitable feeding locations by periodically moving location to track the changes in food availability, but RMR was no longer a predictor of growth rate. Moreover, when a less predictable food supply was combined with a visually more complex (and realistic) habitat, fish were unable to track changes in food availability, grew more slowly and exhibited greater site fidelity, and there were no relationships between estimated RMR and quality of occupied territory or growth rate.5. The relative benefit of RMR is thus context dependent, depending on both habitat complexity and the predictability of the food supply. Higher habitat complexity and lower food predictability decrease the performance advantages associated with a high RMR.
Transcript levels, alternative splicing and proteolytic cleavage of TFIIIA control 5S rRNA accumulation during Arabidopsis thaliana development
Authors: Layat Elodie , Cotterell Sylviane , Vaillant Isabelle , Yukawa Yasushi , Tutois Sylvie , Tourmente Sylvette 
Published: February 2012

SummaryRibosome biogenesis is critical for eukaryotic cells and requires coordinated synthesis of the protein and rRNA moieties of the ribosome, which are therefore highly regulated. 5S ribosomal RNA, an essential component of the large ribosomal subunit, is transcribed by RNA polymerase III and specifically requires transcription factor IIIA (TFIIIA). To obtain insight into the regulation of 5S rRNA transcription, we have investigated the expression of 5S rRNA and the exon‐skipped (ES) and exon‐including (EI) TFIIIA transcripts, two transcript isoforms that result from alternative splicing of the TFIIIA gene, and TFIIIA protein amounts with respect to requirements for 5S rRNA during development. We show that 5S rRNA quantities are regulated through distinct but complementary mechanisms operating through transcriptional and post‐transcriptional control of TFIIIA transcripts as well as at the post‐translational level through proteolytic cleavage of the TFIIIA protein. During the reproductive phase, high expression of the TFIIIA gene together with low proteolytic cleavage contributes to accumulation of functional, full‐length TFIIIA protein, and results in 5S rRNA accumulation in the seed. In contrast, just after germination, the levels of TFIIIA‐encoding transcripts are low and stable. Full‐length TFIIIA protein is undetectable, and the level of 5S rRNA stored in the embryo progressively decreases. After day 4, in correlation with the reorganization of 5S rDNA chromatin to a mature state, full‐length TFIIIA protein with transcriptional activity accumulates and permits de novo transcription of 5S rRNA.
Association between obesity and asthma in Japanese preschool children
Authors: Okabe Yoshie , Adachi Yuichi , Itazawa Toshiko , Yoshida Koichi , Ohya Yukihiro , Odajima Hiroshi , Akasawa Akira , Miyawaki Toshio 
Published: February 2012

To cite this article: Okabe Y, Adachi Y, Itazawa T, Yoshida K, Ohya Y, Odajima H, Akasawa A, Miyawaki T. Association between obesity and asthma in Japanese preschool children. Pediatric Allergy Immunology 2012: 23: 550–555.AbstractObesity may increase the risk of subsequent asthma. We have previously reported that there is a clear association between obesity and asthma in Japanese school‐aged children.To evaluate whether a similar association exists in younger children, a nationwide cross‐sectional questionnaire‐based survey was performed focusing on children aged 4–5 yr. A child who had experienced wheezing during the past 12 months and had ever been diagnosed with asthma by a physician was defined as having current asthma. Overweight and underweight were defined as BMI ≥90th percentile and ≤10th percentile, respectively, according to the reference values for Japanese children from 1978 to 1981.After excluding 2547 children because of incomplete data, 34,699 children were analyzed. Current asthma was significantly more prevalent in overweight children compared with underweight and normal weight children (13.2% for overweight vs. 10.5% for underweight and 11.1% for normal weight; both p < 0.001). Even after adjusting for other variables, such as gender, other coexisting allergic diseases, and parental history of asthma, there was an association between overweight and current asthma (adjusted odds ratio: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.10–1.38, p < 0.001).Even in preschool children, obesity is already associated with asthma, and there was no gender effect on this association. Physicians should consider the impact of obesity when managing asthma in younger children.
Study of understanding the internalized stigma of schizophrenia in psychiatric nurses in Japan
Authors: Hanzawa Setsuko , Nosaki Akiko , Yatabe Kayomi , Nagai Yuko , Tanaka Goro , Nakane Hideyuki , Nakane Yoshibumi 
Published: February 2012

Aim:  ‘Internalized stigma’ is a construct that reflects the degree to which a person accepts beliefs endorsed by society about mental illness. Among people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, internalized stigma has been found to moderate the associations between insight and social function, hope, and self‐esteem. Among families of patients with schizophrenia, internalized stigma may not only hinder help‐seeking but also result in the families attempting to provide care themselves, without assistance from mental health services. Little is known about internalized stigma among service providers, especially psychiatric nurses in Japan. Therefore, we investigated the correlation between internalized stigma and ‘beliefs about the most appropriate form of hospitalization’ among psychiatric nurses.Methods:  The subjects were 215 psychiatric nurses employed in psychiatric hospitals who completed the personal stigma scale, perceived stigma scales, and Difficulty of Community Living Scale (DCLS) with respect to a chronic schizophrenia case vignette.Results:  Internalized stigma was positively correlated with greater ‘beliefs about the most appropriate form of hospitalization’ among psychiatric nurses. We also showed that stronger ‘beliefs about the social disadvantages of schizophrenia patients in the community’ was positively correlated with stronger ‘beliefs about the most appropriate form of hospitalization’.Conclusion:  The present findings suggest that the psychiatric nurses employed at Japanese psychiatric hospitals have a pessimistic view of the community living of people with schizophrenia and their families. And these psychiatric nurses' beliefs were related to their understanding of the deeply dependent relationship between patients and families, and was related to the Confucian ideal.
Influence of warfarin and low‐dose aspirin on the outcomes of geriatric patients with traumatic intracranial hemorrhage resulting from ground‐level fall
Authors: Inamasu Joji , Nakatsukasa Masashi , Miyatake Satoru , Hirose Yuichi 
Published: February 2012

Aim:  Ground‐level fall is the most common cause of traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (TICH) in the elderly, and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in that population. A retrospective study was carried out to evaluate whether the use of warfarin/low‐dose aspirin (LDA) is predictive of unfavorable outcomes in geriatric patients who sustain a fall‐induced TICH.Methods:  Charts of 76 geriatric patients (≥65 years‐of‐age) with fall‐induced TICH were reviewed. The number of patients taking warfarin and LDA was 12 and 21, respectively, whereas the other 43 took neither medication (non‐user group). The frequency of patients with unfavorable outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale score of 1–3) at discharge was calculated. Furthermore, variables predictive of unfavorable outcomes were identified by logistic regression analysis.Results:  The frequency of patients with unfavorable outcomes was 75% in the warfarin group, 33% in the LDA group and 27% in the non‐user group, respectively. The risk of having unfavorable outcomes was significantly higher in the warfarin group compared with the LDA group (P = 0.03) and non‐user group (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that variables predictive of unfavorable outcomes were: age, initial Glasgow Coma Scale score ≤ 13 and presence of midline shift ≥ 5 mm.Conclusion:  The use of warfarin, but not of LDA, might be associated with unfavorable outcomes in elderly with fall‐induced TICH. The risk of TICH should be communicated properly to elderly taking warfarin. The information might be important not only to trauma surgeons who take care of injured elderly, but also to geriatric physicians who prescribe warfarin/LDA to them. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; ••: ••–••.
Ablation of serum response factor in dopaminergic neurons exacerbates susceptibility towards MPTP‐induced oxidative stress
Authors: Rieker Claus , Schober Andreas , Bilbao Ainhoa , Schütz Günther , Parkitna Jan Rodriguez 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe high susceptibility of dopaminergic (DA) neurons to cellular stress is regarded as a primary cause of Parkinson’s disease. Here we investigate the role of the serum response factor (SRF), an important regulator of anti‐apoptotic responses, for the survival of DA neurons in mice. We show that loss of SRF in DA neurons does not affect their viability and does not influence dopamine‐dependent behaviors. However, ablation of SRF causes exacerbated sensitivity to 1‐methyl 4‐phenyl 1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), leading to significantly greater loss of DA neurons in the substantia nigra, compared with DA neurons located in the ventral tegmental area. In addition, loss of SRF decreases levels of the anti‐apoptotic proteins brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and Bcl‐2, a plausible underlying cause of increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. These observations support the notion that dysfunction of the SRF‐activating mitogen‐associated kinase pathway may be part of Parkinson’s disease etiology.
Cognitive deficits in a mouse model of pre‐manifest Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Magen Iddo , Fleming Sheila M. , Zhu Chunni , Garcia Eddie C. , Cardiff Katherine M. , Dinh Diana , De La Rosa Krystal , Sanchez Maria , Torres Eileen Ruth , Masliah Eliezer , David Jentsch J. , Chesselet Marie‐Françoise 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEarly cognitive deficits are increasingly recognized in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), and represent an unmet need for the treatment of PD. These early deficits have been difficult to model in mice, and their mechanisms are poorly understood. α‐Synuclein is linked to both familial and sporadic forms of PD, and is believed to accumulate in brains of patients with PD before cell loss. Mice expressing human wild‐type α‐synuclein under the Thy1 promoter (Thy1‐aSyn mice) exhibit broad overexpression of α‐synuclein throughout the brain and dynamic alterations in dopamine release several months before striatal dopamine loss. We now show that these mice exhibit deficits in cholinergic systems involved in cognition, and cognitive deficits in domains affected in early PD. Together with an increase in extracellular dopamine and a decrease in cortical acetylcholine at 4–6 months of age, Thy1‐aSyn mice made fewer spontaneous alternations in the Y‐maze and showed deficits in tests of novel object recognition (NOR), object–place recognition, and operant reversal learning, as compared with age‐matched wild‐type littermates. These data indicate that cognitive impairments that resemble early PD manifestations are reproduced by α‐synuclein overexpression in a murine genetic model of PD. With high power to detect drug effects, these anomalies provide a novel platform for testing improved treatments for these pervasive cognitive deficits.
Phylogenomics of T4 cyanophages: lateral gene transfer in the ‘core’ and origins of host genes
Authors: Ignacio‐Espinoza J. Cesar , Sullivan Matthew B. 
Published: February 2012

SummaryThe last two decades have revealed that phages (viruses that infect bacteria) are abundant and play fundamental roles in the Earth System, with the T4‐like myoviruses (herein T4‐like phages) emerging as a dominant ‘signal’ in wild populations. Here we examine 27 T4‐like phage genomes, with a focus on 17 that infect ocean picocyanobacteria (cyanophages), to evaluate lateral gene transfer (LGT) in this group. First, we establish a reference tree by evaluating concatenated core gene supertrees and whole genome gene content trees. Next, we evaluate what fraction of these ‘core genes’ shared by all 17 cyanophages appear prone to LGT. Most (47 out of 57 core genes) were vertically transferred as inferred from tree tests and genomic synteny. Of those 10 core genes that failed the tree tests, the bulk (8 of 10) remain syntenic in the genomes with only a few (3 of the 10) having identifiable signatures of mobile elements. Notably, only one of these 10 is shared not only by the 17 cyanophages, but also by all 27 T4‐like phages (thymidylate synthase); its evolutionary history suggests cyanophages may be the origin of these genes to Prochlorococcus. Next, we examined intragenic recombination among the core genes and found that it did occur, even among these core genes, but that the rate was significantly higher between closely related phages, perhaps reducing any detectable LGT signal and leading to taxon cohesion. Finally, among 18 auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs, a.k.a. ‘host’ genes), we found that half originated from their immediate hosts, in some cases multiple times (e.g. psbA, psbD, pstS), while the remaining have less clear evolutionary origins ranging from cyanobacteria (4 genes) or microbes (5 genes), with particular diversity among viral TalC and Hsp20 sequences. Together, these findings highlight the patterns and limits of vertical evolution, as well as the ecological and evolutionary roles of LGT in shaping T4‐like phage genomes.