bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neue Arzneimittel für Pferde und landwirtschaftliche Nutztiere
2023
Authors: Emmerich Ilka Ute 
Published: May 2024

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2023 kam für Pferde und landwirtschaftliche Nutztiere kein neuer
Wirkstoff auf den deutschen Tierarzneimittelmarkt. Zwei Wirkstoffe erhielten
eine Tierartenerweiterung. Die Phosphorverbindung Butafosfan wurde auch für
Pferde, Hunde und Katzen und das Mineral Natriumchlorid als isotonische
Natriumchloridlösung auch für Kaninchen und Meerschweinchen zugelassen. Des
Weiteren kamen auf den Markt: ein Wirkstoff (Pergolidmesilat) in einer neuen
Darreichungsform und einem niedrigeren Wirkstoffgehalt, ein Wirkstoff
(Fluralaner) in einer kleineren Packungsgröße sowie ein Wirkstoff
(Oxalsäuredihydrat) mit einer neuen Anwendungsart. Außerdem ist eine
Wirkstoffkombination (Diprophyllin + Heptaminol) wieder auf dem Markt für Pferde
und landwirtschaftliche Nutztiere verfügbar.
Fetal Hyperthyroidism Secondary to Maternal Basedow–Graves' Disease
Authors: Soto Julio , Weissglas Bunio , von Plessing-Pierry Gustav , del Solar Maria Paz , Peña-Villa Carolina , Flores Ximena , Arancibia Monica , Campos Laura 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFetal hyperthyroidism is a rare prenatal disease and can be life-threatening. The diagnosis is based on ultrasound in mothers with a history of Basedow–Graves' disease and elevation of thyrotropin receptor antibodies (TRAbs) levels. The treatment consists of antithyroid drugs. We present a mother with Basedow–Graves' disease, treated with radioactive iodine 16 years ago. She had an unplanned pregnancy at the age of 29 years, and an elevation of TRAbs (21 U/L) was found at the sixth week of pregnancy. At 22 weeks of gestation, fetal ultrasound displayed tachycardia, goiter, exophthalmos, and suspicion of craniosynostosis, hence methimazole was started. Concomitantly, suppressed maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) was found. Her daughter was born at 33 + 6 weeks showing clinical and laboratory findings of hyperthyroidism. Consequently, treatment with methimazole was prescribed. Normal thyroid function was documented in the mother after giving birth. Clear explanation has not been found for the alteration of maternal TSH during pregnancy.
Pregnancy-Associated Onset of Adult-Onset Still's Disease
Authors: Zayat Nawras , Arora Avish , O'Brien Joselle , Bal Japjot , Sugarman Rebekah , Rivera Leeshun , Shamshirsaz Amir , Vani Kavita , Mastrogiannis Dimitrios S. 
Published: May 2024

Objective This study aims to elucidate the clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and management strategies of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) during pregnancy, leveraging a case series overview and a detailed case report from our center.
Study Design A comprehensive review of 21 published case reports on AOSD diagnosed during pregnancy was conducted, alongside a detailed case report of a patient diagnosed and managed at our center. This study emphasizes the importance of recognizing AOSD in pregnant patients, outlines the therapeutic challenges encountered, and discusses the potential complications arising from the disease and its treatment.
Results The onset of AOSD during pregnancy predominantly occurs in the first or second trimester, with a polycyclic disease course observed in most cases. Management primarily involves corticosteroids and immunosuppressive medications, balancing the disease control with potential pregnancy complications. The case report highlights the complex interplay between AOSD, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, and pregnancy, illustrating a multidisciplinary approach to management that ensured favorable maternal and fetal outcomes despite the significant challenges.
Conclusion AOSD presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges during pregnancy, requiring careful consideration of maternal and fetal health. Early diagnosis, a multidisciplinary approach to care, and judicious use of immunosuppressive therapy are critical for managing AOSD flares and associated complications. Further research is necessary to optimize care for this rare condition in the context of pregnancy.
Superoxide Anions Inhibit Intracellular Calcium Response in Porcine Airway Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Krishnan Ramesh , Kannan Mathur S. , Deshpande Deepak A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Superoxide anions (O2
−) have multiple effects on pulmonary parenchyma altering cell proliferation, cellular metabolism, and airway smooth muscle (ASM) contraction. Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) concentration plays a significant role in the regulation of ASM contraction, relaxation, proliferation, and gene expression.
Objective We investigated the effects of O2
− on agonist-stimulated changes in [Ca2+]i in ASM cells.
Design/Methods Fura-2 AM-loaded, freshly isolated porcine ASM (PASM) cells were used to examine [Ca2+]i release in response to acetylcholine (ACh), histamine, endothelin, caffeine, and thapsigargin (TPG) in the presence or absence of extracellular Ca2+.
Results Exposure of PASM cells to xanthine and xanthine oxidase (X + XO) resulted in a time-dependent generation of O2
−, inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD). Preincubating PASM cells with X + XO for 15- or 45-minute inhibited net [Ca2+]i responses to ACh, histamine, caffeine, and TPG compared with control cells. Pretreating PASM cells with SOD for 30 minutes mitigated the inhibitory effect of X + XO treatment on ACh-induced Ca2+ elevation suggesting role of O2
−. X + XO treatment also inhibited caffeine- and TPG-induced Ca2+ elevation suggesting effect of O2
− on [Ca2+]i release and reuptake mechanisms.
Conclusion Superoxide attenuates [Ca2+]i release, reuptake, and may interfere with physiological functions of ASM cells.
Indications for Intravenous T3 and T4
Authors: Feldkamp Jasper David , Feldkamp Joachim 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTherapy with thyroid hormones normally is restricted to substitution therapy of
patients with primary or secondary hypothyroidism. Typically, thyroid hormones
are given orally. There are few indications for intravenous use of thyroid
hormones. Indications for parenteral application are insufficient resorption of
oral medications due to alterations of the gastrointestinal tract, partial or
total loss of consciousness, sedation in the intensive care unit or shock. In
almost all cases, levothyroxine is the therapy of choice including congenital
hypothyroidism. In preterm infants with an altered thyroid hormone status,
studies with thyroid hormones including intravenous liothyronine showed a
normalisation of T3 levels and in some cases an amelioration of parameters of
ventilation. A benefit for mortality or later morbidity could not be seen.
Effects on neurological improvements later in life are under discussion.
Decreased thyroid hormone levels are often found after cardiac surgery in
infants and adults. Intravenous therapy with thyroid hormones improves the
cardiac index, but in all other parameters investigated, no substantial effect
on morbidity and mortality could be demonstrated. Oral liothyronine therapy in
these situations was equivalent to an intravenous route of application. In
myxoedema coma, intravenous levothyroxine is given for 3 to 10 days until the
patient can take oral medication and normal resorption in the gastrointestinal
tract is achieved by restoring at least peripheral euthyroidism. Intravenous
levothyroxine is the standard in treating patients with myxoedema coma. A
protective effect on the heart of i.v. levothyroxine in brain-dead organ donors
may be possible.
Training in Endoscopic Endonasal Neurosurgical Procedures: A Systematic Review of Available Models
Authors: Porto Edoardo , Rodas Alejandra , Sun Hanyao , Revuelta Barbero Juan Manuel , Cosgrove Megan , Tariciotti Leonardo , Perin Alessandro , Zada Gabriel , DiMeco Francesco , Solares Clementino Arturo , Garzon-Muvdi Tomas , Pradilla Gustavo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Proficiency in endoscopic endonasal neurosurgery (EEN) requires a unique skill set and is associated with a steep learning curve. Endoscopic simulation models present an opportunity for trainees to enhance their surgical skills and anatomical knowledge in a risk-free environment. To date, four main categories of training modalities have been recorded: cadaveric, synthetic, animal, and virtual reality (VR) models.
Objective To analyze the features, advantages, and disadvantages of each EEN training model, describe the stages of simulation training, and propose future directions and an algorithm for EEN training.
Methods A comprehensive search was performed including studies published before August 2023. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed in the search and selection of studies included. Terms for searching title and abstract were (“simulation”) AND (“endoscopic endonasal”) AND (“neurosurgery”). Articles were screened for duplicates.
Results We identified 176 references, and 43 studies met the inclusion criteria. Twelve articles described cadaveric models, with 7 of them studying internal carotid artery injury management and 3 of them cerebrospinal leak management; 14 articles illustrated synthetic models, 1 article described animal models, and 16 articles outlined VR simulations.
Conclusion Cadaveric models provide realistic hands-on surgical training with acceptable cost and remain the gold standard method for training. Synthetic models are most effective for preoperative surgical planning and animal models are best suited for testing of hemostatic techniques. VR simulations may become the primary training tool for novices to acquire basic anatomical knowledge as their role in advanced surgical planning is evolving.
Cross-Electrophile Coupling of 2-Iodoglycals Enables Efficient Access to 2-C-Glycals
Authors: Chen Shuai , Han Yang , Chen Anrong , Zhu Feng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA general strategy was developed for synthesizing 2-C-glycals through a nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling reaction of 2-iodoglycals with (hetero)aryl iodides. Key to the success of this methodology is the use of an electron-deficient bipyridyl ligand. This innovative approach facilitates the efficient construction of 2-C-glycals, thereby broadening the synthetic repertoire available for glycochemistry.
Syringe Port System as a Tubular Retractor Technique for Brain Lesions: Case Series and Review of the Literature
Authors: Moraes Carlos Augusto Vila Nova , Neto João Augusto Gama da Sila , Guedes Breno William Mariz , Oliveira Arthur Maynart Pereira , Santos Bruno Fernandes de Oliveira 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective To describe a tubular retractor technique for brain lesions through a series of cases and to conduct a literature review on intracranial tubular retractors with emphasis on the syringe port system.
Materials and Methods We described four cases of lesions with an intraventricular component and different pathological patterns. The surgeries were performed between April, 2021 and July, 2022. The images were acquired through computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and transferred to the Horos software, version 1.1.7. To make the tubular retractor, a 20-mL syringe and a 14-Fr/Ch, 30-mL/cc Foley probe were used. The syringe was sectioned according to the planned depth based on preoperative imaging. The syringe was the retractor itself, while the probe served as a means of dilating the path to the lesion.
Results Gross total resection was achieved in all cases, and the samples collected were satisfactory regarding the results of the anatomopathological study. All patients evolved without any additional deficits and with adequate postoperative image control.
Conclusion The syringe as a tubular retractor associated with the Foley probe as a surgical port dilator was useful, and it enabled the radical resection of intracranial tumors related to the lateral ventricle, not limiting the use of auxiliary instruments, neither of microsurgical instruments; therefore, it is an affordable, secure, and inexpensive method.
Ventriculovesical Shunting in a Patient with Leptomeningeal Carcinomatosis: An Alternative to VP Shunts. A Technique Report
Authors: Andrade Luiz Henrique Vargas de , Carvalho João Pedro Motter de , Narciso Arthur Garani , Félix Alexandre Rossato , Fucio Alisson , Welling Leonardo Christiaan , Rabelo Nicolas N. , Figueiredo Eberval Gadelha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLeptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is a rare but serious complication when cancer cells infiltrate the meninges. It is most commonly associated with breast cancer, but only 5% of breast cancer patients develop it. Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis typically presents with headaches, mainly due to hydrocephalus, and the diagnosis involves a cytological analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The treatment of LC consists of a combination of intra-CSF chemotherapy, systemic therapy, radiation therapy, and/or supportive care, including CSF drainage. In the case herein reported, a technique known as ventriculovesical shunting was performed on a female patient with LC and breast cancer who had hydrocephalus due to this condition. This procedure is not as common as ventriculoperitoneal shunts, which can lead, in this case, to serious complications such as peritoneal carcinomatosis.
Goal-Directed Fluid Therapy Using Normal Saline versus Ringer's Lactate in Pediatric Neurosurgical Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Depuru Aparna , Kaur Kirandeep , Jangra Kiran , Singla Navneet , Bhagat Hemant , Soni Shiv Lal , Panda Nidhi B. , Narayan Vinitha , Prabhakar Anuj 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Ringer's lactate (RL) and 0.9% sodium chloride (NS) are used intraoperatively in pediatric surgical patients. The fluid of choice in pediatric neurosurgical patients is still under research. Hence, we compared NS and RL intraoperatively with a primary objective of measuring the absolute difference in serum chloride concentrations (ΔCl-) after surgery from baseline. Secondary objectives included changes in other electrolytes, osmolarity, pH, creatinine, brain relaxation score (BRS), and neurological outcome at discharge using a modified Rankin scale (mRS).
Methods This prospective randomized trial was conducted in American Society of Anesthesiologists status I to II children, aged 6 months to 14 years, after Institutional Ethical Committee approval and written informed consent. Forty patients were randomized in group-S (received 0.9% Saline) and group-R (received RL). The fluid administration was guided by Pleth Variability Index (target <13%). Arterial blood samples were taken at the start of surgery, during tumor resection, and at the end of surgery.
Results Twenty-one patients in NS and 19 patients in RL were enrolled. ΔCl- was 12 (9–16) mmol/L in NS group and 4 (2–15) mmol/L in RL group, p = 0.03. NS group developed more metabolic acidosis (6 [28.6%] vs. 0 [0.0%], p = 0.021). There was no difference in the other electrolytes, serum osmolarity, BRS, perioperative creatinine, and mRS between groups, p = 0.36, p = 0.096, p = 0.658, and p = 0.168, respectively.
Conclusion Intraoperative use of NS causes derangement in chloride balance, leading to metabolic acidosis compared to RL in children undergoing neurosurgical procedures. However, there was no difference in the other parameters, including serum osmolarity, BRS, and mRS.
Contributing Factors of Dysphagia in Indonesian Elderly
Authors: Dias Randi , Kusdhany Lindawati S. , Indrasari Muslita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective Dysphagia is one of the signs that can describe oral hypofunction in the elderly. This condition is usually not noticed nor realized by the elderly and their families, resulting in disability and death. Studies on the relationship between age, gender, education, the number of systemic diseases, and the number of remaining teeth toward dysphagia in the elderly are still limited, so further research is needed. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between age, sex, education level, the number of systemic diseases, and the number of remaining teeth with dysphagia and find out which factors contribute the most to dysphagia. The contributing factors need to be known to minimize the risk of dysphagia.
Materials and Methods This is a cross-sectional study with 121 elderly aged 60 years living in community dwellings as subjects of this study. General health data were obtained from anamnesis; demographic data were also collected and an examination of the number of remaining teeth was carried out and recorded on the odontogram by one researcher. After that, a dysphagia screening tool was given for self-assessment or assisted by the two researchers according to the conditions felt. Two researchers were calibrated before collecting data.
Results In the bivariate analysis, age, the number of remaining teeth, and several systemic diseases were associated with dysphagia (p = 0.027, 0.023, and 0.047, respectively). No association was found between gender, education, and dysphagia status (p > 0.05). Age (p = 0.027), gender (p = 0.165), number of remaining teeth (p = 0.023), and the number of systemic diseases (p = 0.047) are the risk factors that were included in the multivariate model. From the final multivariate model, the number of remaining teeth (p = 0.017; odds ratio [OR] = 4.318), several systemic diseases (p = 0.036; OR = 2.427), and age (p = 0.072; OR = 1.962) contributed most to the dysphagia status, after controlling for confounding variables.
Conclusion It is concluded that the number of remaining teeth, several systemic diseases, and age are the factors that contribute the most to the occurrence of dysphagia.
A Study of Outcome of Detethering in Delayed Presentation of Tethered Cord Syndrome
Authors: Beniwal Hemant Kumar , K. N. Pratap , G. Prakash Rao , Srinivas K. , Talari Krishnamurthy , Nookathota Uday Goutam 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) is a stretch-induced functional disorder associated with tethering of caudal spinal cord to dura mater with inelastic tissue, limiting its movement. It not only manifests in childhood but also noted in adults. Here, we studied the role of detethering on delayed presentation of TCS.
Material and Methods All patients of symptomatic TCS from January 2011 to December 2019 were included. Preoperative evaluation was done through X-ray; ultrasonography kidney, ureter, urinary bladder; magnetic resonance imaging spine and brain; and urodynamic studies. Detethering was done and associated pathology was excised. Preoperative and postoperative comparison was done through Necker functional score using chi-squared system.
Results Age range was 8 to 30 years with mean age of 13.8 years. Most common presentation was urological manifestations in ∼61.1% of cases followed by pain in 41.6%, sensory deficits in 38.8%, asymmetric weakness in 30.5%, orthopaedic and trophic ulcers in 22.2% each, and bowel abnormalities in 13.8% of cases. Mean duration of symptoms was 5.52 years. Improvement in urological manifestations was in 71.4% patients, pain in 80%, sensory dysfunctions in 71.4%, bowel dysfunctions in 80%, motor weakness in 90.9%, and trophic ulcer in 100% patients. On comparison, chi-squared value was 25.9993 and p-value was 0.000032, which was significant (<0.05).
Conclusion Detethering in early ages is already proven with good results. In our study, detethering showed statistically significant improvement even in delayed presentation. So, authors recommend to surgically interfere by detethering, even if tethering is detected late with significant deficits.
Bulk-Fill Ormocer versus Methacrylate-Based Resin Composite Restorative Systems: The Effect of Flowable Lining on Two-Year Clinical Performance in Class II Cavities
Authors: Elsharkawy Moustafa Ahmed , Ibrahim Radwa Ali , Hamama Hamdi Hosni , Mahmoud Salah Hasab 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to assess and compare the impact of bulk-fill flowable resin composite liners (BFFL) on the 2-year clinical performance of bulk-fill ormocer (BORC) in comparison to methacrylate-based resin composites (BMRC) in Class II cavities.
Materials and Methods Thirty participants, each aged between 18 and 30 years, were included in the study, each presenting four class II cavities. A total of 120 restorations were placed, with participants randomly assigned to one of four restorative systems through a blind drawing: Admira Fusion X-Tra (AFX) alone, AFX after lining with Admira Fusion Xtra-Base (AFB), X-Tra Fill (XF) for complete cavity filling, and XF after lining with Xtra-Base (XB). The universal adhesive system (Futura U bond Voco, Germany) was consistently applied for all restoration techniques using selective enamel etching. A single operator, following the manufacturer's instructions for each material, performed all restorations, and finishing/polishing occurred immediately after placement. Clinical evaluation, based on World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria, was conducted by two blinded examiners at baseline (7 days) and at 6, 12, and 24 months postoperatively.
Results The chi-squared test was used to compare the four applied restorative systems within each follow-up period, while the marginal homogeneity test was employed to assess changes over time. No statistically significant differences were observed among the four restorative systems at any evaluation period.
Conclusions After 2 years, the clinical performance of BFFL or complete bulk-fill technique remained similar, regardless of the material composition.
Fracturas de fémur distal en población geriátrica: Evaluación de estadía hospitalaria y morbimortalidad
Authors: Edwards Diego , Guiloff Rodrigo , Arellano Sergio , Schmidt-Hebbel Andrés , Valderrama Carlos , Vaisman Alex 
Published: May 2024

Resumen
Introducción Las fracturas de fémur distal (FFD) son un problema importante de salud pública. Con el envejecimiento de la población, se espera un incremento de esta lesión en los próximos años.
Objetivo Describir las complicaciones y la mortalidad de las FFD en un grupo de pacientes geriátricos.
Materiales y Métodos Estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo de pacientes mayores de 60 años operados por FFD, todos tratados en un mismo centro, entre 2011 y 2015, con al menos 1 año de seguimiento. Se excluyeron pacientes con ficha incompleta. Se analizaron los datos demográficos y radiológicos, las complicaciones locales y sistémicas, la estadía hospitalaria y la mortalidad.
Resultados En total, 16 pacientes cumplieron con los criterios de selección; tenían una mediana de edad de 73 (rango: 61 a 93) años, y 14 (87,5%) eran mujeres. La clasificación de la Asociación para el Estudio de la Fijación Interna (Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen, AO, en alemán) de las fracturas fue: A –12 (75%); B – 2 (12,5%); y C – 2 (12,5%). No hubo casos de fractura expuesta. Un total de 9 (56,3%) pacientes fueron operados con placa condilar dinámica, 4 (25%), con placa bloqueada, y 3 (19%), con clavo retrógrado. La mediana de latencia quirúrgica fue de 10 (rango: 3 a 27) días, con una mediana de hospitalización de 14 (rango: 5 a 47) días. Complicaciones fueran presentadas por 6 (37,5%) pacientes: 2 (12,5%) casos de tromboembolismo pulmonar y 4 (25%) casos que requirieron reintervención (2 fallos de osteosíntesis, 1 artrofibrosis y 1 no unión aséptica). No hubo complicaciones infecciosas. La mortalidad a 12 meses fue de 0%.
Conclusiones Los pacientes con FFD en esta cohorte geriátrica presentaron una larga estadía hospitalaria, con una alta tasa de complicaciones, que incluye un 25% de reintervenciones. Pese a esto, la mortalidad a 12 meses fue de 0%.