bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Blood Pressure Targets in Patients With Heart Failure Undergoing Postresuscitation Care: A Subgroup Analysis From a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Grand Johannes , Hassager Christian , Schmidt Henrik , Mølstrøm Simon , Nyholm Benjamin , Obling Laust E.R. , Meyer Martin A.S. , Illum Emma , Josiassen Jakob , Beske Rasmus P. , Høigaard Frederiksen Henrik , Dahl Jordi S. , Møller Jacob E. , Kjaergaard Jesper 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
To assess the effect of targeting higher or lower blood pressure during postresucitation intensive care among comatose patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with a history of heart failure.

METHODS:
The BOX trial (Blood Pressure and Oxygenation Targets After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest) was a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, multicenter study comparing titration of vasopressors toward a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 63 versus 77 mm Hg during postresuscitation intensive care. Patients with a history of heart failure were included in this substudy. Pulmonary artery catheters were inserted shortly after admission. History of heart failure was assessed through chart review of all included patients. The primary outcome was cardiac index during the first 72 hours. Secondary outcomes were left ventricular ejection fraction, heart rate, stroke volume, renal replacement therapy and all-cause mortality at 365 days.

RESULTS:

A total of 134 patients (17% of the BOX cohort) had a history of heart failure (patients with left ventricular ejection fraction, ≤40%: 103 [77%]) of which 71 (53%) were allocated to a MAP of 77 mm Hg. Cardiac index at intensive care unit arrival was 1.77±0.11 L/min·m
−2
in the MAP63-group and 1.78±0.17 L/min·m
−2
in the MAP77,
P
=0.92. During the next 72 hours, the mean difference was 0.15 (95% CI, −0.04 to 0.35) L/min·m
−2
;
P
group
=0.22. Left ventricular ejection fraction and stroke volume was similar between the groups. Patients allocated to MAP77 had significantly elevated heart rate (mean difference 6 [1–12] beats/min,
P
group
=0.03). Vasopressor usage was also significantly increased (
P
=0.006). At 365 days, 69 (51%) of the patients had died. The adjusted hazard ratio for 365 day mortality was 1.38 (0.84–2.27),
P
=0.20 and adjusted odds ratio for renal replacement therapy was 2.73 (0.84–8.89;
P
=0.09).

CONCLUSIONS:
In resuscitated patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with a history of heart failure, allocation to a higher blood pressure target resulted in significantly increased heart rate in the higher blood pressure-target group. However, no certain differences was found for cardiac index, left ventricular ejection fraction or stroke volume.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03141099.
Do vocal mimics learn their mimetic songs from heterospecifics or conspecifics?
Authors: Gammon David E. , Resh Gabrielle E. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Vocal mimicry can develop either through imitation of heterospecific models (primary mimicry) or through imitation of conspecifics already producing mimetic song (secondary mimicry). Distinguishing primary versus secondary mimicry is important from ecological, evolutionary, and neurobiological perspectives. We outline four empirical strategies for researchers to detect the usage of secondary mimicry: (1) model selection strategy (heterospecific model commonly mimicked but rare or absent locally), (2) usage frequency strategy (syllable types commonly mimicked but rarely used by the model), (3) acoustic structure strategy (acoustic divergence in how a syllable type gets produced by mimics versus models), and (4) syntax strategy (consistent variation between mimic and model in the ordering of syllable types). We then use these strategies to produce evidence for secondary mimicry in northern mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos), focusing mostly on the mimicked songs of northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) and tufted titmice (Baeolophus bicolor). As further evidence of the mechanisms by which secondary mimicry might occur, we also demonstrate that mockingbirds match countersing much more frequently in response to conspecifics versus heterospecifics. Deeper questions about the precise extent of primary versus secondary mimicry in mockingbirds and other mimicking species still need answers.
تكاملُ المعارفِ وأثره في حلّ المشكلاتِ المعاصِرةِ: المشكلة البيئيّة في الدّول العربيّةِ ذات الاقتصاد النّفطيّ نموذجًا - مقاربةٌ استراتيجيّةٌ مقاصديّةٌ
Authors: لكلميّ أحمد المدنيّ , جينسن سترلينج دانمارك 
Published: June 2024

ملخّص
‫تعاني بعض الدراسات الإسلاميّة في العالم العربيّ من أزمةِ العجزِ عن إثباتِ فائدتها، وعن مواكبة التطوّرات العلميّة؛ فالطابع التقليديّ الذي تتّسم به مضمونًا ومنهجًا يجعلها في عزلةٍ عن الواقعِ المعاصر بهمومه وأحداثه ومشكلاته الكبرى. فإذا كان العالمُ اليومَ قد غدا كالقرية الواحدة من شدّةِ التّقاربِ بين شعوبه ومجتمعاته بفضلِ ما أتاحته التّكنولوجيا مِن وسائلِ التّواصلِ والاتّصالِ، فإنّ المعارف والعلوم بينها من وشائج القُربَى ما يجعلها تسهم بفعاليّة في خدمة تلك الشّعوب والمجتمعات، وتؤدّي دورها في علاجِ مشكلاتها الواقعيّة، والمساعدة على تجاوز تحدّياتها المستقبليّة. في هذا الإطارِ تأتي هذه الورقةُ التي تتناول إحدى أهمّ المشكلاتِ الواقعيّة التي تجابهُ الدّولَ العربيّة ذاتَ الاقتصاد النّفطيّ. إنّها مشكلة التّنافي بين متطلّبات الأمن الاقتصاديّ ومقتضياتِ الاستدامةِ البيئيّةِ لدى هذه الدّول، والتي كانَ من مظاهرِ الحاجةِ إلى معالجتِها ما كشفت عنه إحصاءاتُ المؤسّساتِ ومراكزِ البحث الدّوليّةِ المتخصّصةِ، من أنّها تُعدُّ من بين أكثر الدّول المسبّبة للتّلوّث البيئي في العالم. إنّ هذه المشكلةَ تقف بنا على أعتابِ جانبيْن من جوانب الحياة الاجتماعيّة للشعوب المسلمة التي تنتمي إلى هذه الدّول وتقيم على رُقَعِها الجغرافيّة. هما الجانب الدّينيّ والجانب الاقتصاديّ، اللذان يرتبطان بتخصّصين معرفيّينِ ينتميانِ إلى حقل الإنسانيّات، وهما: الدّراسات الإسلاميّة وعلمُ الاقتصاد. وقد اقتضت طبيعة المشكلة التي تعالجها الورقةُ اختيارَ أقربِ هذه المعارِفِ إلى مجال القِيم، وهو علمُ مقاصد الشّريعة، الذي تتيحُ مفاهيمُه الكلّيّةُ ذاتُ الحمولةِ القيميّةِ الكبيرةِ مساحاتٍ شاسعةً لابتكارِ مقارباتٍ نظريّةٍ قابلةٍ لأن تصاغَ في ضوئها مقترحاتُ مشاريعَ عمليّةٍ يمكن أن يُسهَمَ بها في علاجِ هذه المشكلة التي تتطّلب أكثرَ الحلول نجاعةً وأوسعها تأثيرًا. ففي ضوء التّخصّصيْن واستعانةً برؤية فلسفيّة أخلاقيّة، تعالجُ الورقةُ المشكلةَ التي تتناولُها، منطلقةً من تشخصيها؛ بتوصيف مظاهرها، وتحليل أسبابها، ومنتهيةً إلى اقتراح مقاربةٍ واقعيّةٍ وشموليّةٍ لِتدبيرها ومعالجتها.‬
علم الأديان المقارن: رهانات التّغيير وعوائق الإنجاز
Authors: صميدة نزار 
Published: June 2024

الملخّص
‫يمثّل علم الأديان أحدَ أهمِّ العلوم الاجتماعيّة والإنسانيّة، التي بدأت اليوم تحتلُّ موقعًا متميّزًا في سياق الفضاء المعرفيّ المعاصر، وهو موقع يمكّنه من أداء وظائف مهمّة في مجال العلاقة بين الدين والتديّن، كما يسمح له بترشيد السلوك الدينيّ وتحريره من رواسب العنف والغلو والتطرّف وفق رؤية متكاملة تأخذ بعين الاعتبار إشباع الحاجة إلى التديُّنِ، وجعل هذه التجربة أكثر إيجابيّة في علاقتها بالمجتمع، غير أنّ كلّ هذه الرهانات تصطدم اليوم – وخصوصًا في واقعنا العربيّ والإسلاميّ – بمجموعة من العوائق تحدّ من نوايا الباحثين ومشروعاتهم وتضعف نجاعةَ البحوث العلميّة المتّصلة بهذا المجال. في بحثنا هذا دراسة الإشكاليّة الآتية: أيّ موقع لعلم الأديان في سياق البحث عن حلول لمشكل الصدام بين أتباع الأديان؟ وكيف يمكن له أن يُسهم في إنشاء قاعدة وفاق ووئام تجعل من التجربة الدينيّة تأسيسًا للقاء ودعمًا للكونيّ والمشترك؟ وما أبرز العوائق التي تقف اليوم أمام هذا المشروع الذي يتبنّاه علماء الأديان المقارنة؟ وسنستند إلى عدّة منهجية في تفكيك هذا الإشكال وحلّه، مستأنسين بالأسلوب التاريخيّ والمقارن والاستقرائيّ والسياقيّ كآليات تمكّننا من تبيّن ملامح إسهام العلوم الاجتماعيّة والإنسانيّة – من خلال مثال علم الأديان المقارن – في إنتاج مقاربة جديدة رهانها السّلم الأبديّ والإقلاع عن العنف والعنف المضاد.‬
A hardshell reservoir technique for administering del Nido cardioplegia
Authors: Comentale Giuseppe , Notarnicola Alessandra , Ruffo Ilaria , Pisco Paola Bianca , Milione Anna , Pacciolla Antonio , Damiano Anna , Calanni Concetta , Pilato Emanuele 
Published: June 2024

Introduction The use of del Nido cardioplegia has increased in the adult cardiac surgery population. Centers have adopted the formula with a variety of circuit systems. This report includes our set up for delivering 1:4 (blood: crystalloid) del Nido cardioplegia. Materials and Methods A homemade circuit for cardioplegia administration was built with a pediatric reservoir, a roller pump, a coil cooler, a 3/16-inch circuit to administer and recycle cardioplegia, and two ¼-inch tubes to collect the patient’s blood. Technique The circuit allows the perfusionist to collect the blood directly from the cardiopulmonary bypass arterial limb of the circuit, to precisely mix it with the crystalloid component of the del Nido cardioplegia solution already in the reservoir, and to administer the final solution under strictly controlled parameters. Summary We present a circuit design that can accurately measure and administer del Nido cardioplegia through the use of a roller pump and a pediatric reservoir. It simplifies and enhances the accuracy and efficiency of cardioplegic administration in our practice.
ACL Reconstruction Using Quadrupled Semitendinosus Versus Double-Stranded Semitendinosus and Gracilis Autograft: 2-Year Results From a Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Mo Ingunn Fleten , Harlem Thomas , Faleide Anne Gro Heyn , Strand Torbjørn , Vindfeld Søren , Solheim Eirik , Inderhaug Eivind 
Published: June 2024

Background: A disadvantage of using hamstring tendon autograft consisting of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendons for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is pain from tendon harvesting and persistent hamstring weakness. In the tendon-sparing all-inside technique, a quadrupled semitendinosus graft and adjustable-loop cortical fixation are suggested to give less postoperative flexion deficits while displaying overall similar clinical results to the traditional hamstring technique. However, there are a limited number of high-quality studies comparing these techniques with inconsistent results. Purpose: To investigate differences between the all-inside (quadrupled semitendinosus) and traditional hamstring (double-stranded semitendinosus and gracilis) technique regarding (1) self-reported function, (2) hamstring strength, and (3) knee laxity. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: A total of 98 patients were randomized to either the all-inside or the traditional hamstring technique. Perioperatively, duration of surgery and graft size were obtained. The International Knee Documentation Committee 2000 Subjective Knee Form score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score, Tegner Activity Scale score, knee laxity (KT-1000 arthrometer side-to-side difference and pivot shift), range of motion, isokinetic knee strength, and hop test score were collected preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively. Return-to-sport readiness was evaluated 9 months postoperatively. Results: A total of 89 patients completed 2-year follow-up, 45 patients with the all-inside technique and 44 patients with the traditional hamstring technique. There were no significant differences between groups in any of the outcome measures 2 years after surgery, but there was a tendency in the all-inside group toward having increased anterior translation (mean, 3.6 mm vs 2.7 mm), a higher number of revision surgeries (5 patients vs 2 patients), and more patients having +1 and +2 pivot-shift values (29 vs 18 patients) when compared with the traditional group. Conclusion: The all-inside technique yields equivalent results to the traditional hamstring technique 2 years after surgery and should be considered a reliable technique to use for ACL reconstruction. Sparing the gracilis tendon does not lead to less persistent hamstring weakness. Long-term follow-up is needed to further determine whether the tendency of increased anterior translation seen at 2 years postoperatively will lead to a higher risk of graft failure.
The Influence of Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy on Breastfeeding Behavior of Taiwanese Pregnant Women
Authors: Teng Ya-Fang , Ho Yen-Ju 
Published: June 2024

Background: The benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants are well known. However, in Taiwan, the average breastfeeding rate remains below the World Health Organization recommendations. Breastfeeding self-efficacy is a known predictor of breastfeeding. Research Aims: To determine: (1) the relationship of sociodemographic factors to prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy, and (2) the relationship of sociodemographic factors and prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy to breastfeeding behavior at 8 weeks postpartum among women living in Taiwan. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of 206 pregnant women collected in an outpatient clinic located in Taiwan. The validated Chinese version of the Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (PBSES) was used to measure self-efficacy for breastfeeding during pregnancy. At 8 weeks postpartum, participants were contacted by telephone to obtain information regarding infant feeding method and duration. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 32 years, and the mean prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy score was 78.6 ( SD = 10.6). Scores differed across levels of maternal education, previous breastfeeding experience, and support systems. Prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy scores were highest among participants reporting spouse support versus other types of support. Maternal age and prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy were predictive of breastfeeding duration. A 1-year increase in maternal age was associated with a 6% lower likelihood of breastfeeding for at least 2 months postpartum, and a 1-point increase in the prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy score was associated with a 14% increase in the likelihood of breastfeeding for at least 2 months postpartum. Conclusions: Prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy may help predict breastfeeding continuation among Taiwanese women in the first 2 months postpartum.
Tools for the identification of victims of domestic abuse and modern slavery in remote services: A systematic review
Authors: Tomsett Bella , Álvarez-Rodríguez Johanna , Sherriff Nigel , Edelman Natalie , Gatuguta Anne 
Published: June 2024

Objective To explore the technology-based tools available for supporting the identification of victims of domestic abuse and modern slavery in remote services and consider the benefits and challenges posed by the existing tools. Methods We searched six academic databases. Studies were considered for inclusion if they were published in English between 2000 and 2023. The QuADS quality appraisal tool was used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. A narrative synthesis was conducted using the convergent integrated approach. Results Twenty-four studies were included, of which two were professional guidelines; each reported on a distinct technology-based tool for remote services. All tools related to domestic abuse and 21 focused on screening for intimate partner violence among young and mid-life women (18–65) in high-income countries. The review did not identify tools that support the identification of victims of modern slavery. We identified eight common themes of tool strengths, highlighting that the remote approach to screening was practical, acceptable to victims, and, in some circumstances, elicited better outcomes than face-to-face approaches. Five themes pointed to tool challenges, such as concerns around privacy and safety, and the inability of computerised tools to provide empathy and emotional support. Conclusions Available technology-based tools may support the identification of victims of domestic abuse by health and social care practitioners in remote services. However, it is important to be mindful of the limitations of such tools and the effects individuals’ screening preferences can have on outcomes. Future research should focus on developing tools to support the identification of victims of modern slavery, as well as empirically validating tools for screening during remote consultations.
Revisiting citizen journalism scholarship in the Web Era (1994-2023): Past, present, and prospect
Authors: Nah Seungahn , Luo Jun , Akçakır Gülşah , Wu Xinlei , Nam Gwiwon , Kim Seungbae 
Published: June 2024

The study revisits citizen journalism scholarship spanning 30 years of journal articles published in the fields of journalism, communication, media, technology studies, and beyond. Previous studies in this domain have endeavored to evaluate the landscape of citizen journalism research since the inception of the Internet and its associated web technologies in 1994. Nonetheless, it remains fully unexplored concerning the topology and knowledge network structure of citizen journalism scholarship. The study assesses the landscape of citizen journalism scholarship over the past 30 years by employing a variety of mixed methods, including topic modeling, bibliometric analysis, and manual content analysis. This study provides an exploratory examination of the realm of citizen journalism within the context of journalism and democracy and further discusses the past, present, and prospects for future directions of this field. The study aims to advance citizen journalism scholarship in terms of theory, research, practice, and policy implications with a focus on English language articles. While the study contributes to the existing body of knowledge on citizen journalism scholarship, it serves as a catalyst for continuous intellectual inquiry in an international and interdisciplinary environment.
A scoping review of patient and public involvement in empirical stroke research
Authors: da Cruz Peniche Paula , de Morais Faria Christina Danielli Coelho , Hall Patricia , Fingleton Caitriona , McPhillips Louise , Gaetz Rebecca , Roche Aaron , McCann Laura , O’Beaglaoich Padraig , Murphy Diarmuid , Hickey Julianne , Lennon Olive 
Published: June 2024

Background: Impactful, evidence-based solutions in surveillance, prevention, acute care, and rehabilitation for stroke survivors are required to address the high global burden of stroke. Patient and public involvement (PPI), where patients, their families, and the public are actively involved as research partners, enhances the relevance, credibility, and impact of stroke-related research. Aims: This scoping review, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) Scoping Review guidelines, aims to identify and summarize how PPI is currently implemented and reported in empirical stroke research using a participatory approach. Summary of review: A comprehensive search strategy was developed and implemented across Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsynchINFO, and Cochrane electronic databases, supplemented by gray literature searches. Empirical stroke research articles in the English language, published from 2014 up to 2023, and documenting PPI activity were included. Of the 18,143 original articles identified, 2824 full-text manuscripts matching from this time window were screened. Only 2% (n = 72) of these directly reported embedded PPI activity in empirical research. The majority were qualitative in design (60%) and conducted in high-income countries (96%). Only one included study originated from a developing country, where the burden of stroke is highest. Most studies (94%) provided some information about the activities carried out with their PPI partners, mainly centered on the study design (57%) and management (64%), with only 4% of studies integrating PPI across all research cycle phases from funding application to dissemination. When studies were examined for compliance with the Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public (GRIPP) short-form checklist, only 11% of included studies were 100% compliant. Twenty-one studies (29%) reported barriers and facilitators to including PPI in stroke research. Organization, authentic partnership, and experienced PPI representatives were common facilitators and identified barriers reflected concerns around adequate funding, time required, and diversity in perspectives. A positive reporting bias for PPI impact was observed, summarized as keeping the patient perspective central to the research process, improved care of study participants, validation of study findings, and improved communication/lay-summaries of complex research concepts. Conclusions: PPI is underutilized and inconsistently reported in current empirical stroke research. PPI must become more widely adopted, notably in low- and middle-income countries. Consensus-driven standards for inclusion of PPI by funding organizations and publishers are required to support its widespread adoption.
Health literacy and cognitive function in people with diabetic foot ulcer with focus on knowledge, attitude, and practice in relation to foot self-care
Authors: Simonsen Morten Bilde , Christiansen Sofie Ladekarl , Pedersen Mona Kyndi , Røikjer Johan , Croosu Suganthiya Santhiapillai , Leutscher Peter Derek Christian , Ejskjaer Niels 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Preventative foot self-care is vital for avoiding diabetic foot ulcer episodes and lowering the risk of amputations. Yet, it demands high levels of health literacy and cognitive function. Objective: To investigate health literacy and cognitive function in persons presenting with a diabetic foot ulcer. Methods: Participants with type 2 diabetes were recruited from the tertiary foot clinic at Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark. The European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire and Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination were applied. A semi-structured interview guide was developed to evaluate foot self-care knowledge, attitude, and practice. The qualitative data were analyzed with a deductive approach based on a qualitative thematic analysis model. Subsequently, an integrated analysis of the quantitative and qualitative results was conducted. Results: The participants ( n = 12) had a mean age of 62.6 ± 8.4 years, and 11 were males. The mean diabetes duration was 15.9 ± 8.9 years. Eight participants had a recurrent diabetic foot ulcer. The health literacy level was sufficient in nine participants, and cognitive function was normal in five participants. Three different profiles related to foot self-care ( proactive, active, or passive, respectively) were constructed by the final integrated analysis: a proactive profile refers to taking preventative action in concordance with knowledge and attitude, an active profile to taking action in response to a situation, but challenged by conflicting levels of knowledge and attitude, and a passive profile to not taking action. Conclusion: The study suggests that people presenting with a diabetic foot ulcer have different foot self-care profiles based on person-specific health literacy, cognitive function, and knowledge, attitude, and practice element characteristics, highlighting the need for individualized education and intervention strategy instead of a one-size-fits-all approach.