bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Mn Doped Zn3P2 Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Nanoparticles
Authors: Praveenkumar Nakka , Madhusudhana Rao Nasina , Kalyan Chakravarthi Maddikera 
Published: May 2024

Mn-doped Zn3P2-diluted magnetic semiconducting nanoparticles (Zn0.98Mn0.02P2, Zn0.96Mn0.04P2, Zn0.94Mn0.06P2, and Zn0.92Mn0.08P2) were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction followed by a subsequent vacuum annealing process. The formation of a tetragonal structure of pure and Mn-doped Zn3P2 was confirmed by X-ray diffraction studies, with no evidence of any further phases. Lattice parameters dicrease from a = b = 8.133 Å, c = 11.459 Å to a = b = 8.041 Å, c = 11.410 Å with increasing dopant concentration. Scanning electron microscpy analysis indicated that all samples that underwent doping exhibited agglomeration in the scanned range of 500 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the presence of Zn, P, and Mn in the samples, and all of the synthesized samples achieved a nearly atomic ratio. In the diffused reflectance spectra, the optical band gap increases from 1.398 to 1.418 eV with increasing dopant concentration. PL has provided evidence indicating that the emission intensity of all doped samples remains constant with increasing dopant content from x = 0.02 to 0.08, with different excitation wavelengths (215 and 290 nm). Vibrating sample magnetometer tests confirmed the presence of ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature, and a positive correlation between saturation magnetization and Mn content, with the magnetic moment increasing from 0.0640 to 0.1181 emu g−1 with an increase in dopant content.
Phase II Study to Determine the Antitumor Activity and Safety of Simlukafusp Alfa (FAP-IL2v) Combined with Atezolizumab in Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Prenen Hans , Deva Sanjeev , Keam Bhumsuk , Lindsay Colin R. , Lugowska Iwona , Yang James C. , Longo Federico , de Miguel Maria , Ponz-Sarvise Mariano , Ahn Myung-Ju , Gumus Mahmut , Champiat Stephane , Italiano Antoine , Salas Sébastien , Perets Ruth , Arslan Cagatay , Cho Byoung C. , Evers Stefan , Boetsch Christophe , Marbach Daniel , Dejardin David , Sleiman Nassim , Ardeshir Caroline , Richard Muriel , Charo Jehad , Kraxner Anton , Keshelava Nino , Teichgräber Volker , Moreno Victor 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
In this study, we report the results from the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cohort of a phase II, noncomparative, basket study evaluating the antitumor activity and safety of fibroblast activation protein–IL2 variant (FAP-IL2v) plus atezolizumab in patients with advanced/metastatic solid tumors (NCT03386721).

Patients and Methods:
Eligible patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1; measurable metastatic, persistent, or recurrent esophageal SCC; progression on ≥1 prior therapy; and were checkpoint inhibitor–naïve. Patients received FAP-IL2v 10 mg plus atezolizumab 1,200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks, or FAP-IL2v weekly for 4 weeks and then every 2 weeks plus atezolizumab 840 mg intravenously every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR).

Results:
In the response-evaluable population (N = 34), the best confirmed ORR was 20.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 10.4–36.8], with a complete response seen in 1 patient and partial responses in 6 patients. The disease control rate was 44.1% (complete response = 2.9%; partial response = 17.6%; stable disease = 23.5%), and the median duration of response was 10.1 mon/ths (95% CI, 5.6–26.7). The median progression-free survival was 1.9 months (95% CI, 1.8–3.7). Analysis of response by PDL1 expression (Ventana SP263) resulted in an ORR of 26.7% for patients with PDL1-positive tumors (tumor area positivity cutoff ≥1%; n = 15) and 7.1% for patients with PDL1-negative tumors (tumor area positivity cutoff &lt;1%; n = 14). Overall, the treatment combination was tolerable, and adverse events were consistent with the known safety profiles of each drug.

Conclusions:
FAP-IL2v plus atezolizumab demonstrated clinical activity and was tolerable in patients with previously treated esophageal SCC.
Outcomes Following a False-Positive Multi-Cancer Early Detection Test: Results from DETECT-A, the First Large, Prospective, Interventional MCED Study
Authors: Lennon Anne M. , Buchanan Adam H. , Rego Seema P. , Choudhry Omair A. , Elias Paul Z. , Sadler Jennifer R. , Roberta Julia , Zhang Yongqiang , Flake Darl D. , Honushefsky Ashley , Salvati Zachary M. , Sheridan Kathleen , Wagner Eric S. , Fishman Elliot K. , Papadopoulos Nickolas , Beer Tomasz M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Guideline recommended standard of care screening is available for four cancer types; most cancer-related deaths are caused by cancers without standard of care screening. DETECT-A is the first prospective interventional trial evaluating a multi-cancer early detection (MCED) blood test (CancerSEEK) in women without a history of cancer, providing the first opportunity to assess the long-term outcomes of individuals with false-positive (FP) MCED results. This prospective analysis of DETECT-A participants with FP results evaluates the performance of an imaging-based diagnostic workflow and examines cancer risk following a FP result. This analysis included all DETECT-A participants with a positive CancerSEEK test and subsequent flourine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-IV contrast-enhanced computed tomography (18-F-FDG PET-CT) imaging and clinical workup indicating no evidence of cancer within 1 year of enrollment (n = 98). Medical records, study interactions, and study surveys were used to assess cancer incidence, treatments, and clinical outcomes through August 2023. Ninety-five of 98 participants with a FP result remained cancer-free with a median follow-up of 3.6 years (IQR: 2.5–4.1) from determination of FP status. Three incident cancers were observed over the follow-up period. One bilateral stage IIIC ovarian cancer was diagnosed 1.9 years after determination of FP status; two stage I breast cancers were diagnosed 0.1 and 1.6 years from determination of FP status. The annual incidence rate of cancer during follow-up from FP determination was 1.0% (95% confidence interval, 0.2%–2.8%). Participants with a positive CancerSEEK test who underwent 18-F-FDG PET-CT and clinical workup without cancer findings had low risk for cancer over the following several years.
Prevention Relevance: This study provides multiyear clinical outcomes data following a false-positive multi-cancer early detection test for individuals participating in a prospective interventional trial. It provides a preliminary performance assessment of an imaging-based diagnostic workflow following a false-positive multi-cancer early detection test.
Repeat Placental Growth Factor-Based Testing in Women With Suspected Preterm Preeclampsia: A Stratified Analysis of the PARROT-2 Trial
Authors: Hurrell Alice , Webster Louise , Sparkes Jenie , Battersby Cheryl , Brockbank Anna , Clark Katherine , Duhig Kate E. , Gill Carolyn , Green Marcus , Hunter Rachael M. , Seed Paul T. , Vowles Zoe , Myers Jenny , Shennan Andrew H. , Chappell Lucy C. , Gill Carolyn , McDonnell Sian , Peers Beth , Yulia Angela , Ferry Orla , Maher Martin , Pickering Francis , Smith Annabel , Thompson Hilary , Basak Sambita , Dudgeon Lucy , Ficquet Jo , Rich Mel , O’Brien Clare , Willson Seren , Chados Nikolaos , Bishop Linda , Bahl Rachna , Smart Brittany , Arya Rita , Roughley Lindsay , Mehta Anku , Campbell Deniesha , Girling Jo , Ryan Grace , Trepte Lauren , Biswas Chandrima , Obiozo Chinwe , Verghese Lynda , Ahuja Ashwin , Davies Sarah , Morris Katie , Davison Jessica , Regan Maeve , Myers Jenny , Barry Natalie , McBean Mel , Jennings Jacqui , Sharp Andrew , Holt Siobhan , Stirrat Laura , Jack Elaine , Bapir Mihraban , Gowans Sharon , Alexander Hazel , Hinshaw Kim , Hewitt Lesley 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
PlGF (placental growth factor)-based testing reduces severe maternal adverse outcomes. Repeat PlGF-based testing is not associated with improved perinatal or maternal outcomes. This planned secondary analysis aimed to determine whether there is a subgroup of women who benefit from repeat testing.

METHODS:
Pregnant individuals with suspected preterm preeclampsia were randomized to repeat revealed PlGF-based testing, compared with usual care where testing was concealed. Perinatal and maternal outcomes were stratified by trial group, by initial PlGF-based test result, and by PlGF-based test type (PlGF or sFlt-1 [soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1]/PlGF ratio).

RESULTS:
A total of 1252 pregnant individuals were included. Abnormal initial PlGF-based test identified a more severe phenotype of preeclampsia, at increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Repeat testing was not significantly associated with clinical benefit in women with abnormal initial results.
Of women with a normal initial result, 20% developed preeclampsia, with the majority at least 3 to 4 weeks after initial presentation. Repeat test results were more likely to change from normal to abnormal in symptomatic women (112/415; 27%) compared with asymptomatic women (163/890; 18%). A higher proportion of symptomatic women who changed from normal to abnormal were diagnosed with preeclampsia, compared with asymptomatic women.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results do not demonstrate evidence of the clinical benefit of repeating PlGF-based testing if the initial result is abnormal. Judicious use of repeat PlGF-based testing to stratify risk may be considered at least 2 weeks after a normal initial test result, particularly in women who have symptoms or signs of preeclampsia.

REGISTRATION:
URL: XXX; Unique identifier: ISRCTN85912420.
Prospective Validation of First-Trimester Screening for Preterm Preeclampsia in Nulliparous Women (PREDICTION Study)
Authors: Guerby Paul , Audibert Francois , Johnson Jo-Ann , Okun Nanette , Giguère Yves , Forest Jean-Claude , Chaillet Nils , Mâsse Benoit , Wright David , Ghesquiere Louise , Bujold Emmanuel 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) studies suggest that preterm preeclampsia can be predicted in the first trimester by combining biophysical, biochemical, and ultrasound markers and prevented using aspirin. We aimed to evaluate the FMF preterm preeclampsia screening test in nulliparous women.

METHODS:
We conducted a prospective multicenter cohort study of nulliparous women recruited at 11 to 14 weeks. Maternal characteristics, mean arterial blood pressure, PAPP-A (pregnancy-associated plasma protein A), PlGF (placental growth factor) in maternal blood, and uterine artery pulsatility index were collected at recruitment. The risk of preterm preeclampsia was calculated by a third party blinded to pregnancy outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to estimate the detection rate (sensitivity) and the false-positive rate (1-specificity) for preterm (<37 weeks) and for early-onset (<34 weeks) preeclampsia according to the FMF screening test and according to the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria.

RESULTS:
We recruited 7554 participants including 7325 (97%) who remained eligible after 20 weeks of which 65 (0.9%) developed preterm preeclampsia, and 22 (0.3%) developed early-onset preeclampsia. Using the FMF algorithm (cutoff of ≥1 in 110 for preterm preeclampsia), the detection rate was 63.1% for preterm preeclampsia and 77.3% for early-onset preeclampsia at a false-positive rate of 15.8%. Using the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria, the equivalent detection rates would have been 61.5% and 59.1%, respectively, for a false-positive rate of 34.3%.

CONCLUSIONS:
The first-trimester FMF preeclampsia screening test predicts two-thirds of preterm preeclampsia and three-quarters of early-onset preeclampsia in nulliparous women, with a false-positive rate of ≈16%.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT02189148.
When Nurses Travel: Labor Supply Responses to Peak Demand for Nurses
Authors: Gottlieb Joshua D. , Zenilman Avi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We study how a market uses temporary workers to accommodate extraordinary demand shocks. When COVID-19 surges, hospitals need additional nurses—especially in specialties central to COVID-19 care. By comparing markets for COVID-relevant and other specialties, we show that the market for travel nurses expands dramatically and estimate travel nurse labor supply across space. Supply is quite elastic, as workers can choose to travel where they are needed. Workers travel longer distances to temporary jobs when payment increases, suggesting that an integrated national market facilitates reallocation when demand spikes. But when national cases peak, travel distance is less responsive to local demand.
Exporting, Global Sourcing, and Multinational Activity: Theory and Evidence from the United States
Authors: Antràs Pol , Fadeev Evgenii , Fort Teresa C. , Tintelnot Felix 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Multinational firms (MNEs) dominate trade flows, yet their foreign production decisions are often ignored in firm-level studies of exporting and importing. Using newly merged data on US firms' trade and global production, we show that MNEs are more likely to trade with countries that are proximate to their affiliates. We rationalize these patterns with a new source of firm-level scale economies that arises when fixed costs to source from, or sell in, a market are shared across the MNE's plants. These shared fixed costs create interdependencies between firms' production and trade locations that generate third-market responses to trade policy changes.
Opioid Use, Mortality Risks and Crime: Insights from a Rapid Reduction in Heroin Supply
Authors: Moore Timothy J. , Schnepel Kevin T. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In 2001, a large and sustained supply shock halted a heroin epidemic in Australia. We use drug offenses to identify individual opioid users and examine how the shock affected their mortality risks and criminal activity over the next eight years. Initially, gains from fewer overdoses are offset by drug substitution and more crime, including homicides. Most adverse effects dissipate over time, while persistent mortality reductions save the lives of around one in 48 individuals in our sample. Our results demonstrate that reducing the supply of illicit opioids can lead to meaningful longer-term improvements, even when the short-term effects are ambiguous.
Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability “Tube” and “Knot” Dynamics. Part III: Extension of Elevated Turbulence and Energy Dissipation into Increasingly Viscous Flows
Authors: Fritts David C. , Wang Ling , Lund Tom , Geller Marvin A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A companion paper by Fritts et al. reviews extensive evidence for Kelvin–Helmholtz instability (KHI) “tube” and “knot” (T&K) dynamics at multiple altitudes in the atmosphere and in the oceans that reveal these dynamics to be widespread. A second companion paper by Fritts and Wang reveals KHI T&K events at larger and smaller scales to arise on multiple highly stratified sheets in a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of idealized, multiscale gravity wave–fine structure interactions. These studies reveal the diverse environments in which KHI T&K dynamics arise and suggest their potentially ubiquitous occurrence throughout the atmosphere and oceans. This paper describes a DNS of multiple KHI evolutions in wide and narrow domains enabling and excluding T&K dynamics. These DNSs employ common initial conditions but are performed for decreasing Reynolds numbers (Re) to explore whether T&K dynamics enable enhanced KHI-induced turbulence where it would be weaker or not otherwise occur. The major results are that KHI T&K dynamics extend elevated turbulence intensities and energy dissipation rates ε to smaller Re. We expect these results to have important implications for improving parameterizations of KHI-induced turbulence in the atmosphere and oceans.

Significance Statement
Turbulence due to small-scale shear flows plays important roles in the structure and variability of the atmosphere and oceans extending to large spatial and temporal scales. New modeling reveals that enhanced turbulence accompanies Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities (KHIs) that arise on unstable shear layers and exhibit what were initially described as “tubes” and “knots” (T&K) when they were first observed in early laboratory experiments. We perform new modeling to explore two further aspects of these dynamics: 1) can KHI T&K dynamics increase turbulence intensities compared to KHI without T&K dynamics for the same initial fields and 2) can KHI T&K dynamics enable elevated turbulence and energy dissipation extending to more viscous flows? We show here that the answer to both questions is yes.
Preparation of inexpensive modified polystyrene with adipoyl chloride and N-benzimidazole iminoesther for the removal of Ni2+ and study of the impedance and conductivity of the obtained complex
Authors: Nourhene Ben Smida , Abdelhak Othmani , Raoudha Abderrahim 
Published: May 2024

We used, in this work, a potentially effective adsorbent for removing nickel (Ni2+) from wastewater, employing modified polystyrene; the di-acylated polystyrene with iminoether (DIPS-N-Ac-Imi). The product was utilized for the adsorption of Ni(II) from waste water at ambient temperature. The di-acylated polystyrene with iminoether DIPS-N-Ac-Imi and DIPS-N-Ac-Imi/Ni2+ were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Subsequently, the percentage of adsorption of DIPS-N-Ac-Imi/Ni2+ was determined via atomic absorption spectroscopy. An electrical study of DIPS-N-Ac-Imi/Ni2+ was performed using Impedance Spectroscopy, revealing a stimulated thermal conduction mechanism. Based on conductivity analyses, the activation energy was deduced from the Arrhenius diagram and corresponded to Ea = 1.07 eV, which suggests that DIPS-N-Ac-Imi/Ni2+ is a proton-type semiconductor.
Evaluating the clinical benefit of pembrolizumab as a first-line agent in advanced solid tumors: A comprehensive review
Authors: Mohamed Amna , Salman Bushra , Shaikh Asim Jamal 
Published: May 2024

Introduction The study evaluates the first-line application of pembrolizumab in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (mNSCLC), head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC), gastric cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. Utilizing the European Society for Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale (ESMO-MCBS) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology Value Framework (ASCO-VF), the analysis incorporates data from pivotal KEYNOTE trials. Methods The study systematically assessed the clinical benefit of pembrolizumab in advanced solid malignancies through nine randomized controlled trials, one of which comprised two experimental arms. Data extraction from primary sources was conducted from PubMed, ASCO, and ESMO publications. Utilizing ESMO-MCBS and ASCO-VF forms, the evaluation focused on clinical benefit, toxicity, and bonus points, with discrepancies resolved through consensus discussions. Results Nine first-line indications for pembrolizumab received Food and Drug Administration approval for metastatic solid tumors between 2018 and 2023. Notable distinctions in ESMO-MCBS grades revealed seven trials with substantial clinical benefit (grades 5 to 4) and three with moderate to negligible benefit (grades 3 to 1). Bonus points, primarily based on the tail of the curve, were allocated to three trials for overall survival, one for progression-free survival, and one for a significant improvement in quality of life. Conclusions Our evaluation of pembrolizumab across diverse cancers, especially in mNSCLC and HNSCC, revealed varied outcomes and challenges in clinical benefit interpretation. The assessment of clinical benefit, incorporating quantitative and qualitative endpoints, underscores the need to consider survivorship outcomes and patient perspectives for a comprehensive understanding.
Reappearance of excentric persistent fetal vasculature stalk following laser treatment in a patient with type 1 retinopathy of prematurity
Authors: Çalış Karanfil Feyza , Bingöl Kızıltunç Pınar , Özdemir Zeydanlı Ece , Atilla Huban , Özdek Şengül 
Published: May 2024

Purpose In this report, we aim to present an unusual reappearance of hyaloidal artery remnant with atypical localization during the follow-up of an infant who underwent indirect laser photocoagulation for type 1 ROP. Methods Retrospective case report. Results We report a case of reappearance of an eccentrically located hyaloidal stalk in the macular area during the follow-up period, 2 weeks after laser photocoagulation for type 1 ROP subsequently progressed to cause foveal distortion, which is successfully removed with a lens-sparing vitrectomy. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, there is no similar case in the literature. In the presence of fibrovascular proliferation extending into the vitreous, especially in premature infants, it should be kept in mind that this may be a reappearance of PFV and it may not always be located on the optic disc.
Clinical features and surgical management of traumatic acquired isolated superior rectus palsy
Authors: Wang Xiangjun , Zhu Binbin , Fu Licheng , Tang Shiyu , Yan Jianhua 
Published: May 2024

Purpose Isolated acquired superior rectus palsy (ASRP) is extremely rare. The goal of this report is to describe the clinical manifestations and surgical protocols for treatment of isolated traumatic ASRP. Design Retrospective observational case series. Method Records of patients presenting with traumatic isolated ASRP from 2011 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Variables analyzed included nature of the damage, ocular alignment, ocular motility, binocular vision, fundus photography, imaging and surgical treatment. Result Of the 23,498 strabismus surgeries performed, 16 (0.07%) were identified as being attributable to traumatic isolated ASRP. Iatrogenic injury during orbital/brain tumorectomy was the most common cause for ASRP, followed by injury resulting from a sharp object, blunt instrument, car accident, dog bite, accidental fall and explosion. The main clinical features were hypotropia and deficient supraduction of the affected eye, accompanied by exotropia, extorsion, decreased vision and ptosis. The imaging examination showed the superior orbital wall fracture in 3 cases and superior rectus rupture in 7 cases. Inferior rectus recession and/or superior rectus resection comprised the major surgical procedures employed for these cases. Vertical deviations were reduced from 45.60 ± 17.52 PD preoperatively to 12.20 ± 12.97 PD postoperatively after an average of 22.70 months at follow-up, with a success rate of 50%. Conclusion Traumatic isolated ASRP comprised only 0.07% of cases receiving strabismus surgery at our hospital. Orbital imaging is essential to identify whether muscle rupture, orbital fractures and/or other possible disorders are present. Superior rectus resection and inferior rectus recession represented the most frequently used surgical procedures.