bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Storage Time in Influencing Pb Metal Content in Canned Food: A Review
Authors: Fuadi Aditya , Wardana Ata Aditya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The usage of cans as processed food packaging may cause toxicity in the form of metal contamination that is dangerous for the human body. Although canned food products spread in Indonesia have met SNI standards, metal contamination can occur or increase if the handling process is carried out incorrectly. The handling process of canned food that does not follow the standards made by Codex CAC/RCP 60-2005 on temperature exposure, storage time, and physical condition of cans is a factor influencing Pb metal contamination of canned food. Therefore, this study aims to summarize the effect of temperature exposure, length of storage, and physical damage of cans on Pb content in canned food. PRISMA guidelines were used as the method to find suitable sources for this systematic review. Relevant studies that were used are retrieved from several databases such as Science Direct, EBSCOhost, Taylor & Francis, and Wiley Online. The keywords used to identify the relevant studies were “metal contamination”, “heavy metal contamination”, “metal toxicity”, and “canned food”. The initial search in databases yielded 73 articles. After the screening process based on the criteria of the article, only 11 articles were used in the final systematic review. The result showed that storage time is most commonly related to the cause of increased Pb content in canned food compared to temperature exposure and physical condition. Therefore, the market must ensure that the handling process of canned food is carried out following Codex CAC/RCP 60-2005 to reduce the chance of increased Pb content in canned food products.
Role of Agriculture on Rural Household Food Security: A Systematic Review from Indonesia
Authors: Venna Sherinia Lie , Romulo Andreas 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Rural areas are crucial for agriculture in Indonesia, particularly in local rice production. However, many rural communities face challenges accessing safe and nutritious food due to limited transportation infrastructure, restricted local markets, and low incomes. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these issues by disrupting food supply chains and worsening food insecurity. This systematic review examines how local food production, including agriculture, contributed to food security in early COVID-19 rural Indonesia following the PRISMA procedure. The author uses five databases including, EBSCO Host, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Wiley, and GARUDA. Search using keywords food security, access, local production, rural, agriculture, pandemic COVID-19, and Indonesia. Fifteen studies showed most rural communities faced food insecurity at the start of the pandemic due to lockdowns and higher non-household expenses. Nevertheless, some villages remained food secure, relying on local agriculture and plantations. The findings of this review can provide valuable direction for implementing focused mitigation plans in particular areas to reduce the effects of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and future global events on rural food security.
Integration of supply chain model for perishable food products : focus on micro, small and medium enterprises
Authors: Ubud Sahnaz , Putra Ignatius Kevin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Managing perishable products is a business challenge for today, especially for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This challenge becomes increasingly higher with increasingly competitive business competition which causes perishable products to become increasingly diverse and of high quality. Even though MSMEs face problems related to business innovation, especially in perishable products. So MSMEs need a perishable product business strategy to increase competitive advantage. The main purpose of this article is to integrate the perishable supply chain model for micro, small and medium enterprises. So that the implementation of the perishable supply chain model can be carried out well. This research method used a qualitative approach by conducting in depth interviews with twelve owners of MSMEs. Validation of the data in this study is shown by observing selected informants for cross-checking and validating the data. The analysis technique in this study uses MAXQDA software. The results of this study are that integration of each existing business function in a model, namely a perishable food supply chain, is very much needed. Perishable food supply chain integration is based on the perishable supply chain process, cost strategy and environmental and product safety analysis. The perishable supply chain process consists of production, shipment, processing, shipment, storage, distribution and demand markets. From the results of the coding system, it is also known that the distribution factor makes the largest contribution to the success of implementing the perishable food supply chain model. This supply chain model for perishable food for MSMEs is in accordance with the second sustainable development goals (SDGs), where problems related to hunger, malnutrition, and food security can be overcome well if this model is implemented in MSMEs. This research is in accordance with the eighth SDGs, where the hope is that MSMEs can increase decent work and sustainable economic growth. For further research, there needs to be integrated cooperation between various parties using the quadruple helix principle. So that MSMEs with perishable businesses can increase their competitive advantage.
Optical Properties of Lawsone dye doped with Zinc Oxide for the Fabrication of Dye Sensitized Solar Cell
Authors: Suresh D S , Ba Shbil Abdullah , Vijaykumar S P , Sharanappa Sapna , Ganesha H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Due to their availability of basic ingredients and affordable cost, natural dyes are important in many applications. One of such natural dyes, Lawsone which is naturally extracted from henna leaves. The Zinc Oxide (ZnO) was intermixed with lawsone dye to their matching of energy levels with Titanium dioxide (TiO2) enables efficient charge transfer phenomenon. The optical study illustrates Lawsone dye - Zinc Oxide (Ld-ZnO) composite to utilize in energy conversion application. The FTIR spectra demonstrates the presence of Zn-O, C-O, C=O and hydroxyl groups are evident from near 500, 1633 and around 3250 cm−1 respectively. The UV-Visible spectra reveal maximum absorbance around narrow and broad peak at 368 nm for Lawsone dye (Ld) and Ld-ZnO composite respectively. The lawsone dye has better emission property that causes recombination of charge carriers reduces the performance of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). The DSSCs based on lawsone dye (Ld) and Ld-ZnO based material exhibits PCE of 0.12% and 0.17% respectively. This optical study suggests natural extraction of lawsone dye from henna leaves with suitable semi-conducting material was promising candidate to improve performance of DSSCs.
Dielectric Analysis of Amine Modified Nano-graphite: Effects of Thickness, Temperature and Frequency
Authors: Pratap Singh Bhanu , Kumar Pushpendra , Mahapatra S. P. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Amine modified nano-graphite (NH2-NG) has been produced from nanographite (NG) powder via liquor ammonia (NH3) aqueous solution by microwave, ultrasonic methods. The surface modified NG have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques which clearly demonstrate that synthesis of NH2-NG was successful. The crystalline characteristics of amine modified nanographite powder have been studied through XRD technique. The morphology structure of synthesized surface modified nanoparticles has been determined by SEM analysis. FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of amine groups on the surface of produced nano-graphite powder. NH2-NG pellet was prepared to analyse its dielectric properties as a function of thickness (1, 2, 3, 5 and 7 mm), frequency (range 10−2-105 Hz) and temperature (25, 50, 75 and 100 °C). As a function of frequency, the dielectric loss tangent and permittivity each exhibit a distinct relaxation peak that grows up to a thickness of 5 mm then decreasing. Because nanoparticles are capacitive, the capacitance values of NG and NH2-NG increase with thicknesses up to 5 mm and drop with frequency. The drop in dielectric permittivity of NG and NH2-NG pellets after 5 mm may be caused by an increase in resistivity. Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) of increased conductance is confirmed by the continuous increase in electrical conductivity of NG and NH2-NG with temperature. The degree of temperature has a significant impact on the dielectric loss tangent, dielectric permittivity, and electrical conductivity of NG, and NH2-NG.
Effect of temperature on electrical resistivity of EVA-LDPE nanocomposites for photovoltaic encapsulating application: An activation energy method
Authors: Naskar Moumita , Kumar Maiti Prabhat 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article evaluates the effect of mixing strategy on thermo-electrical resistance of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and fumed silica nanoparticles (FSN) based composite encapsulating materials. The nanocomposites were synthesized by solution compounding method with various sequence of ingredients addition. The quantity of ingredients is same for all nanocomposites where the ratio of EVA, LDPE and FSN addition is 10:1:0.11. The structural morphology of the samples prepared by different mixing sequence was studied under Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). DC volume resistivity (VR) were evaluated at 25 °C, 50 °C and 75 °C for all the compositions to check the insulation behaviour at extreme service temperature as VR is an assessing parameter for photovoltaic (PV) encapsulating materials. For obvious reason, the magnitude of VR decreases with increasing temperature. Activation energy (Ea
) was estimated from Arrhenius equation and the value evaluated was very much dependent on the ingredients mixing strategy. Good electrical resistance with desired activation energy were obtained for the nanocomposites; prepared with a particular mixing strategy where percolation threshold achieved. Finally, the TEM structure and insulation property relationship has been addressed against the experimental findings.
pH Responsive Properties of Methyl Red/PVA Polymers for Smart Food Packaging Applications
Authors: Swaroop K , Ashwini S G , Murari M S , Naveen C S , Vinayaka A K , Santhosh B M , Veerabhadraswamy B N , Yashodhara I 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Responsive polymers in particular have gained increasing interest during the last decades due to their unique properties. Their Ability to exhibit sharp and reversible changes in response to environmental pH condition have made them suitable for various applications. The pH responsive polymeric materials are being developed by the researcher in the recent year for the improvement of food safety issue in the packaging materials. In this study organic methyl red (MR) dye is used as a pH indicator induced with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films prepared by solution casting method. The prepared samples were characterized for microstructural, morphological, mechanical, water absorption and pH responsive properties using various analytical techniques. The XRD analysis has shown better crystallinity property which is in good agreement with the mechanical strength of the material. The morphological studies have shown homogeneous dispersion of MR on PVA matrix and change in the morphology of the MR/PVA polymer composites after acid treatment. The MR/PVA films were treated with rotten papaya fruit and change occurred in the samples were identified using UV-vis spectrometric analysis. The prepared MR/PVA pH-responsive polymers have shown good pH reactivity in the range of pH 4.5 to 6.5. Overall, the prepared samples have good pH responsive properties with additional qualities like good optical, structural, and mechanical characteristics.
Study the effect of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of polymer electrolyte (PVA-CoCl2) films
Authors: Roopa K V , Udayaraj S , Annappa M , Mathad Gavisiddayya , Subramanya K , Devendrappa H 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A study of non-ionic polymer Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) in pure and transition metal salt Cobalt Chloride (CoCl2) incorporated films with different weight percentages to change the optical, electrical, structural, and chemical structure also to make electrically conductive. To prepare the material in terms of film desired weight percentage of polymer PVA alone and for doped polymer different weight percentages of transition metal salts are dissolved in deionized water at a certain temperature and a solution cast technique is followed to get the desired thickness of film. Obtained films were transparent and achieved micro-thickness film. Experimentally confirmed for betterment in optical property to enhance in terms of absorbance, transmittance, direct and indirect energy band gap, extinction coefficient, reflectance property, refractive index, number of carbon clusters, and dielectric constant. The prepared film thickness is measured by using a Mittometer. Surface morphology studies are achieved by SEM analysis in terms of top view and sectional view also thickness of the sample is confirmed. Surface roughness and Maximum Height of the Profile are confirmed by profilometry studies. Electrical property is measured to find the desired range of IV value and to understand the sample behaviour as a resistor.
Alternating Current Response Study on PANI/V2O5 Composite at Room Temperature
Authors: Annappa M , Chethan B , Udayaraj S , Gavisiddayya M , VRoopa K , Devendrappa H , Subramanya K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the present study, an Alternating Current (AC) response of Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) doped Polyaniline (PANI) composite was studied. Pure PANI was synthesised by the In-situ polymerisation method. The PANI/Vanadium Pentoxide (PVO) composite was prepared by physical mixing of chemically synthesised PANI with dopant in a vibration mill. The structure and morphology of the samples were characterised by XRD and SEM studies. The Alternating Current response parameters of PANI, V2O5 and PVO composites were studied in the frequency scale of 40Hz to 110MHz at room temperature. The change in the AC conductivity of the composite as compared to PANI and V2O5 was observed and discussed based on the electron-hole exchange mechanism.
The mechanical and tribological properties of composites of nanographene and an aluminium-metal matrix were studied, as was their corrosion behaviour, in order to develop materials suitable for use as shielding materials
Authors: Rajesh Romala , Prasad V.V.S. , Venkatesh Maduthuri , Surya nagendra P , Pavan Surya Gopalapalli Madhav 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this investigation, pitting corrosion methods were used to investigate the corrosion behaviour of nanographene oxide-reinforced aluminium-copper metal matrix composites. S1 (AL 100% + 0% Cu + 0% Nano Graphene), S2 (AL 91% + 7% Cu + 2% Nano Graphene), S3 (AL 82% + 14% Cu + 4% Nano Graphene), and S4 (AL 73% + 21% Cu + 6% Nano Graphene) were the sample compositions. Ultrasonic stir casting was utilised to produce the aluminium-copper-nanographene composites. Nanographene was analysed with BET to determine its surface area, porosity volume, etc. The effects of nanographene oxide weight fraction on the corrosion behaviour of aluminium-copper composites were investigated. The surface texture of the corroded material was evaluated with an atomic force microscope, and the hardness was measured with a Vicker's microhardness tester. The results of the experiment revealed that the corrosion rate decreased as the percentage of nanoparticles in the matrix increased up to S3 composition. The microhardness values increased as the weight fractions of reinforcements in the matrix increased. And additional mechanical tests, such as tensile, wear, and flexural, to ascertain the composites' mechanical behaviour.
UV-assisted green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their characterizations
Authors: Kavyasree K , Basappa H , Lavita J M , Suma S B , Sangappa Y 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Silver nanoparticles are receiving discernible attention because of their potential applications in different fields of science and technology. However, chemical synthesis methods leave behind harmful byproducts. Here, we report an alternative method for the rapid synthesis of silver nanoparticles through radiation-assisted green synthesis. Aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum is used as a reducing and stabilizing agent with silver nitrate solution under UV-B irradiation. UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) collectively revealed that bio reduced silver nanoparticles were polydisperse, polycrystalline, spherical in shape, had an average diameter of 40.1 nm, and were stable more than six months. These observations suggest that radiation-assisted green synthesis is a quick and eco-friendly method for the large-scale production of stable silver nanoparticles without any harmful byproducts.
Performance of Hybrid Nanofluids of Mineral Oil and Vegetable oil based Ester
Authors: Kumar Maiti Prabhat , Kumar Manish , Naskar Moumita 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The prosperity and economic development of a nation depend on its capability to maintain reliable and high-quality electric power management. It is achieved through the availability of extremely reliable ancillary electrical equipment. A power transformer is one such piece of crucial equipment that transfers electricity from one circuit to another without altering the frequency. Mineral oil has been conventionally used as a liquid dielectric in transformers since the last century. However, in recent days, vegetable oil-based esters have emerged as a favourable alternative to mineral oils due to their biodegradability and sustainability. The introduction of nanotechnology led to massive studies to enhance the quality of liquid dielectrics. Further, the addition of more than one nanoparticle to the base fluid has broadened the scope of nanofluids’ property enhancement. This study focused on the assessment of the dielectric properties of hybrid nanofluids consisting of ZnO and reduced graphene. Mineral oil and vegetable-based transformer oil were chosen as base fluids to prepare the nanofluids. The mass of the added nanoparticles was 0.01%. The ratio between the nanoparticles was selected as 1:1. The hybrid nanofluids were characterized for breakdown voltage viscosity at temperatures ranging from 40 °C to 100 °C, interfacial tension, tan delta, and resistivity. The overall properties of hybrid nanofluids were found to be improved due to the inclusion of ZnO and reduced graphene.
Structural and Optical Properties of AgO Nanoparticles Synthesized using Solid State Combustion
Authors: Ramakrishnaiah Thejas , Vinay D , Hegde Ganesh S , Siddivinayaka T S , Vasudevan K T , Jagannathan Abhiram 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Silver oxide nanoparticles (AgO NPs) were synthesized by solid state combustion technique with AgNO3 as a precursor and cow dung cake and cow urine as fuel. XRD results exhibit prominent peaks at 28°, 32°, 46° respectively indicating the AgO nanoparticles in cubic phase. Furthermore, structural elucidation through Rietveld refinement has confirmed the existence Ag2O3 nanoparticles, thereby indicating the formation of silver oxide nanoparticles. UV-Vis-NIR results are indicative that that the silver nanoparticles have exhibited a strong SPR peak at 435 nm, indicating the existence of AgNPs and it is interesting to note that solid state combustion of AgO NPs with cow dung cake has yielded to size of Ago Nps around 4.44 nm and AgO Nps with cow dung cake and cow urine has yielded to size of AgO Nps about 6.31 nm.
Unveiling the Structural and Optical Properties of Samarium Titanates Pyrochlore, Sm2Ti2O7
Authors: Sain Rachana , Upadhyay Chandan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A magnetic system whose geometry prevents all pairwise spin interactions from being fulfilled simultaneously to minimize the energy is said to be frustrated. These systems are prevalent throughout all disciplines of physical and chemical study. This article reports a detailed structural and optical analysis of such frustrated Sm2Ti2O7 (STO), a pyrochlore structure. The ordered pyrochlore, STO of cubic symmetry, space group

Fd

3
¯

m

[no. 227], has been synthesized using the standard solid-state reaction method. The Tauc’s plot reveals a direct band gap value of 3.8 eV from ultraviolet-visible reflectance data. Photoluminescence studies for STO using 280 nm excitation wavelength show the most intense emission peak at 395 nm, 468 nm, and other weak emissions at 368 nm, 412 nm, 430 nm, 449 nm, and 514 nm corresponding to the respective electronic transitions, indicates that the materials show photoluminescence properties. However, the unique characteristics of Sm2Ti2O7, including its wide band gap, photoluminescence, and high refractive index, make it a promising candidate for various magneto-optical, solid oxide fuel cell device fabrication applications.
Effect of immersion liquids on physical properties of Pr3+-ions doped lithium zinc borate glasses
Authors: Uthayakumar T , Yaduvanshi Namrata , Madhu A , Srinatha N 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Our research focused on the creation of lithium zinc borate glasses that were doped with Pr3+ ions. Specifically, our study focused on the effects of substituting lithium with Pr2O3. Our x-ray diffractometer analysis indicated that the glasses were amorphous, which was as expected. We have also evaluated the impact of adding Pr2O3 using toluene and xylene immersion liquids, and we found that these liquids had unique effects on the glass properties. Furthermore, we examined density changes using the Archimedes principle and estimated physical parameters. We carefully analysed the variations in NBO that were caused by Pr2O3, and our results provide valuable insights into the structural behaviour of these glasses.
Electronic and optical properties of Na2O doped P2O5-TeO2−
CoO-ZnO glasses
Authors: Pallavi J G , Sankarappa T. , Amarkumar M , Mohansingh H , Ashwini D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The phospho-tellurite glasses, (P2O5)0.25-(TeO2)0.5-x-(CoO)0.1-(ZnO)0.15-(Na2O)x ; x = 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 were prepared by melt quenching and their non-crystalline nature confirmed through XRD. Density is found decreased and molar volume increased with increase of Na2O concentration and they behaved opposite to each other. The physical parameters such as transition metal ion density, mean distance between TMIs, small polaron radius, oxygen packing density and field strength were estimated. DC conductivity was measured by following two probe method in the temperature range 303K – 633K. High temperature conductivity is explained by Mott’s small polaron hopping (SPH) model and low temperature conductivity by Mott’s VRH model. Both conductivity and activation energy are found to be increasing with Na2O content. Density of states at Fermi level are found to be of the order of 1021 to 1024 eV−1 cm−3. UV-Vis spectra were recorded for the wavelength range 200-800 nm. Optical band gap (direct and indirect) except for x=0.20 is found increased, urbach energy and refractive indexes are found decreased with Na2O concentration. Various optical parameters such as molar polarizibility, metallization criterion, reflection loss, electronic polarizability, optical transmission coefficient, dielectric constant and optical dielectric constant have been determined.