bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Putting gender upfront in One Health AMR research and implementation strategies
Authors: Westwood Erica , Baraké Evelyn , Joshi Jyoti 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Despite a gendered approach being increasingly applied across global health challenges, this has been a notable oversight in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) research. Failing to consider the complexity of human behaviours and roles in healthcare, animal production, and environmental settings compromises programmatic effectiveness and sustainability, while risking entrenching or widening existing social disparities. Research demonstrates how gender norms influence health-related behaviours across various sectors, from accessing healthcare to livestock rearing, with strong implications for antimicrobial stewardship and zoonotic disease transmission. The sparse literature connecting and investigating gender, equity and AMR – especially in a One Health context – hampers our ability to comprehensively address this global issue. The responsibility is however shared. This commentary advocates for funders to propel the inclusion of gender and equity-focused perspectives in AMR research and to set expectations in research landscapes, thus fostering a more equitable global health landscape and strengthening strategies against AMR. We outline our rationale and recommendations for other funders to support an ecosystem in AMR that supports gender and equity as a common aspect of AMR research and not an exception.

One Health impact statement
While AMR is increasingly recognised as a One Health challenge encompassing humans, animals, plants and the environment, sector-specific and cross-sectoral solutions needed to address AMR too often lack the multidisciplinary approach needed for a holistic response to this challenge. To date, AMR research has been largely biomedical, with limited social investigation including on gender and its interplay with factors that drive AMR in different settings such as healthcare, community or farm settings. Intentionally integrating gender analysis that informs AMR research design and implementation across sectors, including with supportive research funding opportunities, will help build the evidence base on how research projects and public programs should integrate and address gender disparities in AMR across the One Health spectrum. This is needed to ensure contextually relevant gender-informed solutions with sustainable impact.
Extra-cavity modulation of a chirped Gaussian bisoliton
Authors: Wang Dayu , Li Wenyue , Peng Yangyang , Wang Haoming , Xu Guangyu , Zhang Keyun , Zhou Yan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Optical solitons can find important applications in optical fiber communication systems. Here, we simulate extra-cavity modulation of a chirped Gaussian bisoliton in a 1 μm wavelength band. Several different soliton parameters are varied (including the amplitude ratio and time delay of orthogonal components, the projection angle, phase difference, pulse chirps and propagation distances), to effectively change the optical spectra and pulse shapes of the initial input chirped Gaussian bisoliton. For example, when the two branches in the optical fiber modulation system have the same or different fiber lengths, the modulated chirped Gaussian bisoliton will show obviously different properties in the time domain for orthogonally polarized components, while the corresponding optical spectra have no obvious differences. The simulation results reveal the effects of extra-cavity modulation of the chirped Gaussian bisoliton, which further explores the field of soliton shaping out of a fiber laser cavity.
Temporal and Spectral Characteristics of Persistent Emission and Special Bursts of Magnetar SGR J1935+2154 Based on Insight-HXMT
Authors: Lu Xue-Feng , Song Li-Ming , Ge Ming-Yu , Zhang Shuang-Nan , Qu Jin-Lu , Cai Ce , Liu Cong-Zhan , Li Cheng-Kui , Fu Yu-Cong , Xu Ying-Chen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In October 2022, the magnetar SGR J1935+2154 entered the active outburst state. During the episode, the Insight-HXMT satellite carried out a long observation that lasted for 20 days. More than 300 bursts were detected, and a certain amount of persistent radiation signals were also accumulated. This paper mainly introduces the results of persistent radiation profile folding and period search based on Insight-HXMT data. At the same time, the burst phase distribution characteristics, spectral lag results of burst, the spectral characteristics of zero-lag bursts and the time-resolved spectral evolution characteristics of high-flux bursts are reported. We found that there is no significant delay feature during different energy bands for the bursts of SGR J1935+2154. The observed zero-lag burst does not have a unique spectrum. The time-resolved spectrum of the individual burst has consistent spectral types and spectral parameters at different time periods of the burst. We also find that the burst number phase distribution and the burst photon phase distribution have the same tendency to concentrate in specific regions of the persistent emission profile.
Study of the interdigital electrode sensor at resonance frequency during water transition
Authors: Ranjan Prem , Dash Dinesh Kumar , Maharana Rashmi Ranjan , Chowdhury Atanu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper uses the co-planar interdigital electrode (IDE)
sensor to measure water level. The researchers generally
characterize the interdigital electrode sensor as a fringe field
capacitor sensor developed on the printed circuit board and utilize
the capacitor sensor's properties for liquid-level measurement. The
interdigital electrode sensors illustrate more than one resonance at
the higher frequencies, and in this study, the first resonance
frequency fr
-has been utilized for the water level
measurement. Three water types are examined here: distilled, tap,
and river. The study assesses that with the transition of water, the
permittivity between the electrodes is changed and, it leads to a
change in capacitance hence, the change in resonance frequency was
observed. The proposed sensor can be represented by the lumped
element equivalent series RLC circuit. The developed IDE sensor has
good repeatability, small variability, and small hysteresis
error. The maximum standard error for distilled, tap, and river
water are 0.02833, 0.02503, and 0.02618, respectively, and the
hysteresis error is less than 1.903% of full-scale output
variation. The maximum error for the fr
estimation is about
±2 Hz.
Cytotoxicity of novel hybrid composite materials for making bone fracture plates
Authors: Bihari Aurelia , Gee Aaron , Bougherara Habiba , Brzozowski Pawel , Lawendy Abdel-Rahman , Schemitsch Emil H , Zdero Radovan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bone fracture plates are usually made from steel or titanium, which are much stiffer than cortical bone. This may cause bone ‘stress shielding’ (i.e. bone resorption leading to plate loosening) and delayed fracture healing (i.e. fracture motion is less than needed to stimulate callus formation at the fracture). Thus, the authors previously designed, fabricated, and mechanically tested novel ‘hybrid’ composites made from inorganic and organic materials as potential bone fracture plates that are more flexible to reduce these negative effects. This is the first study to measure the cytotoxicity of these composites via the survival of rat cells. Cubes of carbon fiber/flax fiber/epoxy and glass fiber/flax fiber/epoxy had better cell survival vs. Kevlar fiber/flax fiber/epoxy (57% and 58% vs. 50%). Layers and powders made of carbon fiber/epoxy and glass fiber/epoxy had higher cell survival than Kevlar fiber/epoxy (96%–100% and 100% vs. 39%–90%). The presence of flax fibers usually decreased cell survival. Thus, carbon and glass fiber composites (with or without flax fibers), but not Kevlar fiber composites (with or without flax fibers), may potentially be used for bone fracture plates.
Using clustering to understand intra-city warming in heatwaves: insights into Paris, Montreal, and Zurich
Authors: Zhao Yongling , Strebel Dominik , Derome Dominique , Esau Igor , Li Qi , Carmeliet Jan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We introduce a novel methodological advancement by clustering paired near-surface air temperature with the planetary boundary layer height to characterize intra-city clusters for analytics. To illustrate this approach, we analyze three heatwaves (HWs): the 2019 HW in Paris, the 2018 HW in Montreal, and the 2017 HW in Zurich. We assess cluster-based characteristics before, during, and after heatwave events. While the urban clusters identified by this clustering align well with built-up areas obtained from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land cover data, additional local hot spots spanning several kilometers can also be recognized, extending outside the built-up areas. Using the objective hysteresis model, we further determine the overall strength coefficient of the hysteresis loop between ground storage flux and all-wave downward radiative flux, ranging from 0.414 to 0.457 for urban clusters and from 0.126 to 0.157 for rural clusters during the heatwave periods. Across all cities, we observe a consistent refueling-restoration mode in the cumulative ground heat flux as the heatwaves progress. Future developments of this proposed two-component clustering approach, with the integration of more influential physics and advances in spatial and temporal resolutions, will offer a more comprehensive characterization of cities for urban climate analytics.
Beta Brownian motion
Authors: Eliazar Iddo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Brownian motion (BM) is the paradigmatic model of diffusion. Transcending from diffusion to anomalous diffusion, the principle Gaussian generalizations of BM are Scaled BM (SBM) and Fractional BM (FBM). In the sub/super diffusivity regimes: SBM is characterized by aging/anti-aging, and FBM is characterized by anti-persistence/persistence. BM is neither aging/anti-aging, nor persistent/anti-persistent. Within the realm of diffusion, a recent Gaussian generalization of BM, Weird BM (WBM), was shown to display aging/anti-aging and persistence/anti-persistence. This paper introduces and explores the anomalous-diffusion counterpart of WBM—termed Beta BM (BBM) due to its inherent beta-function kernel structure—and shows that: the weird behaviors of WBM become even weirder when elevating to BBM. Indeed, BBM displays a rich assortment of anomalous behaviors, and an even richer assortment of combinations of anomalous behaviors. In particular, the BBM anomalous behaviors include aging/anti-aging and persistence/anti-persistence—which BBM displays in both the sub and super diffusivity regimes. So, anomalous behaviors that are unattainable by the prominent models of SBM and FBM are well attainable by the BBM model.
Integrable systems of the ellipsoidal, paraboloidal and conical type with magnetic field
Authors: Fazlul Hoque Md , Marchesiello Antonella , Šnobl Libor 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We construct integrable Hamiltonian systems with magnetic fields of the ellipsoidal, paraboloidal and conical type, i.e. systems that generalize natural Hamiltonians separating in the respective coordinate systems to include nonvanishing magnetic field. In the ellipsoidal and paraboloidal case each this classification results in three one–parameter families of systems, each involving one arbitrary function of a single variable and a parameter specifying the strength of the magnetic field of the given fully determined form. In the conical case the results are more involved, there are two one–parameter families like in the other cases and one class which is less restrictive and so far resists full classification.
Dynamical quantum state tomography with time-dependent channels
Authors: Cao Meng , Deng Tenghui , Wang Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we establish a dynamical quantum state tomography framework. Under this framework, it is feasible to obtain complete knowledge of any unknown state of a d-level system via only one operator of a special type of positive operator-valued measure (POVM) in dimension d. We define a new channel, referred to as the time-dependent average channel. Utilizing this channel, we show that we can acquire a collection of projective operators that is informationally complete (IC) and thus obtain the corresponding informationally complete POVMs (IC-POVMs). Zauner conjectured that for any dimension d there exists a fiducial vector, such that all remaining

d

2

−
1

elements of the desired symmetric informationally complete POVM (SIC-POVM) can be obtained by acting on said vector with unitary matrices representing elements of the Weyl-Heisenberg group. We show that under certain condition, it is possible to obtain infinite families of projective operators that are IC, and obtain infinite families of corresponding IC-POVMs; otherwise, Zauner’s conjecture is incorrect. We also show how to simulate a SIC-POVM on any unknown quantum state by using the time-dependent average channel.
Zhuangzi
Authors: Fraser Chris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractZhuāngzǐ: Ways of Wandering the Way presents a richly detailed, philosophically informed interpretation of the personal and interpersonal ethics found in the Daoist classic Zhuāngzǐ, introducing a unique Daoist approach to ethics focusing on the concept of a way and our capacity for following ways. Zhuangist thought reframes our relation to our social and natural setting while offering a distinctive, intriguing view of dào, agency, and the structure and grounds for action. At the same time, it embodies an ethical and epistemic modesty that rejects the idea of there being any uniquely privileged form of the good life or any authoritatively correct way to interact with others. The Zhuangist dào is inherently plural, provisional, and protean, and we are likely to find a variety of justifiable ways of wandering along it. Any number of these might contribute to a well-lived, fulfilling life, marked by appropriate social interaction, provided it is pursued with adept responsiveness to our circumstances and awareness of our place in the larger scheme of things. The book examines what prominent threads of discourse in the Zhuāngzǐ have to say about the nature and content of dào, how we might guide our path along dào, the personal training and cultivation involved, and the criteria by which to evaluate our performance. The discussion illustrates how a Zhuangist outlook in metaethics, ethics, moral psychology, and moral epistemology remains relevant to readers today.
Scepticism and Value
Authors: Fraser Chris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChapter 2 presents an interpretation of the Zhuangist sceptical critique of prevailing conceptions of dào, understood as the way or path and thus, by extension, the apt way of life. This critique can be seen as foundational to ethical, metaethical, metaphysical, and epistemological views in the Zhuāngzǐ, in that it undermines other thinkers’ and texts’ claims to knowledge of determinate, authoritative values or norms. The Zhuangist critique threatens to defeat the justification for any purportedly authoritative system of values or any fixed, invariable path of life, be it the dào of the Confucians or Mohists of the pre-imperial Chinese world or that of a consequentialist, Kantian, neo-Aristotelian, or religious ethics in our own day. The chapter contends that the Zhuāngzǐ presents a metaethical view according to which value is inherently plural, perspectival, heterogeneous, and contingent. This metaethical view underwrites the Zhuangist approach to following dào, as dào is a way of articulating value.
Wandering the Way
Authors: Fraser Chris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chapter develops a reading of the Zhuāngzǐ on which the characteristic feature of a well-lived life is the exercise of dé (virtue, agentive power) in a general mode of activity the text calls yóu (wandering). The chapter argues that the Zhuāngzǐ presents a second-order conception of agents’ flourishing in which the life of dé is not devoted to predetermined substantive ends or activities with a specific substantive content. Rather, it is marked by a distinctive manner of activity and certain characteristic attitudes. This can be considered a ‘eudaimonistic’ view, insofar as it offers a conception of human flourishing, albeit one that—unlike the views of most Hellenistic schools of thought—may be fulfilled by a broad range of activities and ends. The chapter summarizes the justification for Zhuangist eudaimonism and identifies key features of the Zhuangist conception of wandering. It explores connections between wandering and the prominent Zhuangist interest in the performance of skills, suggesting that skills offer concrete, detailed illustrations of the process of wandering. It wraps up by sketching how the wandering ideal shapes the substantive content of the good life while allowing that such a life may proceed in a plurality of directions.
Emotion and Agency
Authors: Fraser Chris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the Zhuāngzǐ’s ‘Virtuoso View’ of emotion and its connections with human agency, attempting to show that at least one version of a Zhuangist approach to emotion is indeed plausible. It sketches the theoretical foundation for the Virtuoso View, which involves claims about human agency, the self, psychophysical hygiene, the good life, epistemology, and metaphysics. The chapter defends the Virtuoso View against three objections, namely that it abandons intentionality, that it interferes with a good life, and that it yields a schizophrenic conception of agency. The chapter argues that the Virtuoso View is easily intelligible and largely defensible. It reflects a crucial insight into the unavoidable conflict within a self-aware human agent between an internal, engaged perspective and an external, detached one. Certain apparent conflicts arising from the Virtuoso View actually reflect inherent features of the human predicament and thus are not mere conceptual flaws.
Forget the Deeps and Row!
Authors: Fraser Chris 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrevious chapters suggested that ‘forgetting’ and ‘emptiness’ are instrumental to the full exercise of dé (virtue, agency). A familiar obstacle to ‘forgetting’ and attaining ‘emptiness’—and thus to fulfilling our capacity for dé—is anxiety, or a nervous inability to focus on the performance of dào. One reason for the notable interest in skills in the Zhuāngzǐ is that skilled performances exemplify the emptiness, concentration, and responsiveness associated with applying dé in competent performance of dào. The present chapter scrutinizes the implications of one specific Zhuāngzǐ skill story, that of a ferryman who steers a sampan through treacherous deeps with preternatural skill. The chapter explores how salient motifs in the ferryman story illustrate broader themes in Zhuangist ethics concerning the flourishing life, in particular that adept performance in any field rests partly on psychological attitudes. To perform well—and to experience the ‘wandering’ mode of agency—agents must overcome anxiety about their circumstances and the stakes of their action—no matter how dangerous or intimidating—and focus on the task before them. The chapter delves into the concrete guidance the ferryman and thematically related passages offer about managing emotions and overcoming anxiety, including techniques for attention control and for defusing potential sources of fear or worry by reframing one’s values.
Evolutionary trends of reproductive phenotype in Cycadales: an analysis of morphological evolution in Ceratozamia
Authors: Martínez-Domínguez Lilí , Nicolalde-Morejón Fernando , Vergara-Silva Francisco , Gernandt David S , Huesca-Domínguez Israel , Stevenson Dennis Wm 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims
The size and shape of reproductive structures is especially relevant in evolution because these characters are directly related to the capacity for pollination and seed dispersal, a process that plays a basic role in evolutionary patterns. The evolutionary trajectories of reproductive phenotypes in gymnosperms have received special attention in terms of pollination and innovations related to the emergence of the spermatophytes. However, variability of reproductive structures, evolutionary trends and the role of environment in the evolution of cycad species have not been well documented and explored. This study considered this topic under an explicitly phylogenetic and evolutionary approach that included a broad sampling of reproductive structures in the genus Ceratozamia.

Methods
We sampled 1400 individuals of 36 Ceratozamia species to explore the evolutionary pattern and identify and evaluate factors that potentially drove their evolution. We analysed characters for both pollen and ovulate strobili within a phylogenetic framework using different methods and characters (i.e. molecular and both quantitative and qualitative morphological) to infer phylogenetic relationships. Using this phylogenetic framework, evolutionary models of trait evolution for strobilar size were evaluated. In addition, quantitative morphological variation and its relation to environmental variables across species were analysed.

Key Results
We found contrasting phylogenetic signals between characters of pollen and ovulate strobili. These structures exhibited high morphological disparity in several characters related to size. Results of analyses of evolutionary trajectories suggested a stabilizing selection model. With regard to phenotype–environment, the analysis produced mixed results and differences for groups in the vegetation type where the species occur; however, a positive relationship with climatic variables was found.

Conclusions
The integrated approach synthesized reproductive phenotypic variation with current phylogenetic hypotheses and provided explicit statements of character evolution. The characters of volume for ovulate strobili were the most informative, and could provide a reference for further study of the evolutionary complexity in Ceratozamia. Finally, heterogeneous environments, which are under changing weather conditions, promote variability of reproductive structures.
CopyVAE: a variational autoencoder-based approach for copy number variation inference using single-cell transcriptomics
Authors: Kurt Semih , Chen Mandi , Toosi Hosein , Chen Xinsong , Engblom Camilla , Mold Jeff , Hartman Johan , Lagergren Jens 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Motivation
Copy number variations (CNVs) are common genetic alterations in tumour cells. The delineation of CNVs holds promise for enhancing our comprehension of cancer progression. Moreover, accurate inference of CNVs from single-cell sequencing data is essential for unravelling intratumoral heterogeneity. However, existing inference methods face limitations in resolution and sensitivity.

Results
To address these challenges, we present CopyVAE, a deep learning framework based on a variational autoencoder architecture. Through experiments, we demonstrated that CopyVAE can accurately and reliably detect CNVs from data obtained using single-cell RNA sequencing. CopyVAE surpasses existing methods in terms of sensitivity and specificity. We also discussed CopyVAE’s potential to advance our understanding of genetic alterations and their impact on disease advancement.

Availability and implementation
CopyVAE is implemented and freely available under MIT license at https://github.com/kurtsemih/copyVAE.