bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by Jeju plant extracts
Authors: Yang Eun-Jin , Yim Eun-Young , Song Gwanpil , Kim Gi-Ok , Hyun Chang-Gu 
Published: January 2010

Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages by Jeju plant extractsNitric oxide (NO) produced in large amounts by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is known to be responsible for the vasodilation and hypotension observed during septic shock and inflammation. Thus, inhibitors of iNOS may be useful candidates for the treatment of inflammatory diseases accompanied by the overproduction of NO. In this study, we prepared alcoholic extracts of Jeju plants and screened them for their inhibitory activity against NO production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages. Among the 260 kinds of plant extract tested, 122 extracts showed potent inhibitory activity towards NO production by more than 25% at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Plants such asMalus sieboldii, Vaccinium oldhamii, Corylus hallaisanensis, Carpinus laxiflora, Styrax obassia, andSecurinega suffruticosashowed the most potent inhibition (above 70%) at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. The cytotoxic effects of the plant extracts were determined by colorimetric MTT assays and most plant extracts exhibited only moderate cytotoxicity at 100 μg/mL. Therefore, these plants should be considered promising candidates for the further purification of bioactive compounds and would be useful for the treatment of inflammatory diseases accompanying overproduction of NO.
An Exercise and Education Program Improves Well-Being of New Mothers: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Norman Emily , Sherburn Margaret , Osborne Richard H. , Galea Mary P. 
Published: January 2010

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a physical therapy exercise and health care education program on the psychological well-being of new mothers.

Design
This was a randomized controlled trial.

Participants
Primiparous and multiparous English-speaking women ready for discharge from The Angliss Hospital postnatal ward were eligible for this study. Women who were receiving psychiatric care were excluded. One hundred sixty-one women were randomized into the trial.

Intervention
The experimental group (n=62) received an 8-week “Mother and Baby” (M&B) program, including specialized exercise provided by a women's health physical therapist combined with parenting education. The other group (education only [EO], n=73) received only the same educational material as the experimental group.

Main Outcome Measures
Psychological well-being (Positive Affect Balance Scale), depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale), and physical activity levels were assessed at baseline, after 8 weeks (post-program), and then 4 weeks later.

Results
There was significant improvement in well-being scores and depressive symptoms of the M&B group compared with the EO group over the study period. More specifically, there was a significant positive effect on well-being scores and depressive symptoms at 8 weeks, and this effect was maintained 4 weeks after completion of the program. The number of women identified as “at risk” for postnatal depression pre-intervention was reduced by 50% by the end of the intervention.

Limitations
Although this study provides promising short-term (4-week) outcomes, further work is needed to explore whether the intervention effects are maintained as sustained psychological and behavioral benefits at 6 months.

Conclusions
A physical therapy exercise and health education program is effective in improving postnatal well-being. Routine use of this program may reduce longer-term problems such as postnatal depression.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Localized Synovial Chondromatosis of the Posterior Knee Joint
Authors: Jesalpura Jaimeen P. , Chung Hyun Wook , Patnaik Smarajit , Choi Hyun Woo , Kim Jong In , Nha Kyung Wook 
Published: January 2010

Synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon, benign neoplastic process typically affecting adult men and most commonly involving the knee, hip, and elbow joints. Intra-articular primary synovial chondromatosis in the knee joint may be localized or generalized. The symptoms associated with localized synovial chondromatosis may include diffuse pain, swelling, restricted motion, crepitus with symptoms of locking and giving way, and posteromedial tenderness mimicking medial meniscus tear. Diagnosis is usually established with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and confirmed by histological examination. To our knowledge, synovial chondromatosis of the knee joint in the posteromedial corner has not been reported in the literature.
A 53-year-old woman presented with pain in the posteromedial joint line, mild effusion, and occasional locking. Diagnostic evaluation included radiographs, routine blood investigations, and MRI. Radiographs showed no abnormalities. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a small cystic lesion including multiple calcifications between the posterior horn of the medial meniscus and the posterior capsule. Arthroscopic synovectomy and removal of small loose bodies through the trans-septal portal was performed, which relieved her symptoms completely. Arthroscopy using the posterior trans-septal portal allows for better visualization and access, and might be useful to successfully treat localized synovial chondromatosis within the knee joint.
Metallkatalysierte α‐Arylierungen von Carbonylen und verwandten Molekülen: aktuelle Trends bei der C‐C‐Kupplung über C‐H‐Funktionalisierung
Authors: Johansson Carin C. C. , Colacot Thomas J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn α‐Stellung arylierte Carbonyleinheiten sind in biologisch interessanten Molekülen häufig vertreten und daher von großem Interesse für die pharmazeutische Industrie. Die herkömmlichen Syntheseverfahren führen bei der Aufskalierung häufig zu Problemen, z. B. wegen der Verwendung stöchiometrischer Mengen an toxischen Reagentien und drastischer Reaktionsbedingungen. Im letzten Jahrzehnt wurden signifikante Fortschritte bei der Entwicklung alternativer Synthesewege unter milderen Bedingungen für die metallkatalysierte α‐Arylierung von Carbonylverbindungen erzielt. In diesem Aufsatz wird der aktuelle Stand dieses Gebietes zusammengefasst; dabei wird aufgezeigt, wie es gelang, die Substratbreite mithilfe geeigneter Herstellungsverfahren, z. B. durch Wahl der Liganden, Präkatalysatoren, Basen und Reaktionsbedingungen, zu erweitern.
Metal‐Catalyzed α‐Arylation of Carbonyl and Related Molecules: Novel Trends in CC Bond Formation by CH Bond Functionalization
Authors: Johansson Carin C. C. , Colacot Thomas J. 
Published: January 2010

Abstractα‐Arylated carbonyl compounds are commonly occurring motifs in biologically interesting molecules and are therefore of high interest to the pharmaceutical industry. Conventional procedures for their synthesis often result in complications in scale‐up, such as the use of stoichiometric amounts of toxic reagents and harsh reaction conditions. Over the last decade, significant efforts have been directed towards the development of metal‐catalyzed α‐arylations of carbonyl compounds as an alternative synthetic approach that operates under milder conditions. This Review summarizes the developments in this area to date, with a focus on how the substrate scope has been expanded through selection of the most appropriate synthetic method, such as the careful choice of ligands, precatalysts, bases, and reaction conditions.
Chemorheological study of DGEBA/IPD system for reactive rotational molding (RRM)
Authors: Mounif E. , Bellenger V. , Mazabraud P. , Nony F. , Tcharkhtchi A. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe identification of kinetic parameters controlling the crosslinking of Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol/isophorone diamine reactive system was achieved via optimization program (Inverse method) based on Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy results. The reactivity ratio (k2/k1) was determined using a new method based on the variation of amine conversion ratio versus epoxy conversion ratio. Gelation and vitrification of the reactive system were also analyzed. Time, temperature, transformation diagram was established to assess the rotational molding of this reactive system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Preparation of microcellular poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) rubber foam with supercritical carbon dioxide
Authors: Zhai Wentao , Leung Siu N. , Wang Lilac , Naguib Hani E. , Park Chul B. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn the past 3 decades, there has been great advancement in the preparation of microcellular thermoplastic polymer foams. However, little attention has been paid to thermoplastic elastomers. In this study, microcellular poly(ethylene‐co‐octene) (PEOc) rubber foams with a cell density of 2.9 × 1010 cells/cm3 and a cell size of 1.9 μm were successfully prepared with carbon dioxide as the physical blowing agent with a batch foaming process. The microcellular PEOc foams exhibited a well‐defined, closed‐cell structure, a uniform cell size distribution, and the formation of unfoamed skin at low foaming temperatures. Their difference from thermoplastic foam was from obvious volume recovery in the atmosphere because of the elasticity of the polymer matrix. We investigated the effect of the molecular weight on the cell growth process by changing the foaming conditions, and two important effect factors on the cell growth, that is, the polymer matrix modulus/melt viscoelastic properties and gas diffusion coefficient, were assessed. With increasing molecular weight, the matrix modulus and melt viscosity tended to increase, whereas the gas solubility and diffusion coefficient decreased. The increase in the matrix modulus and melt viscosity tended to decrease the cell size and stabilize the cell structure at high foaming temperatures, whereas the increase in the gas diffusion coefficient facilitated cell growth at the beginning and limited cell growth because most of the gas diffused out of the polymer matrix during the long foaming times or at high foaming temperatures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Dramatic improvement in mechanical properties of GNs‐reinforced HDPE nanocomposites
Authors: Wang Liwei , Chen Guohua 
Published: January 2010

AbstractGraphite nanosheets (GNs) modified with sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (SDBS) was prepared and then incorporated into high‐density polyethylene (HDPE). The GNs/HDPE nanocomposites displayed pronounced enhancements of the mechanical properties. With a load of 10 wt % of the modified GNs, the nanocomposites exhibited an increase of about 290% in the elongation at break as well as an increase of about 14% in the elastic modulus in comparison with neat HDPE. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows a notable microscopic orientation of the matrix and GNs in the strained nanocomposite specimen, which may play an important role in the dramatic increase in the elongation at break. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
The preparation and thermodynamic behaviors of chlorosulfonated polyethylene
Authors: Wang Zhe , Ni Hongzhe , Bian Yuling , Zhang Mingyao , Zhang Huixuan 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSM)s with different content of chlorine and sulfur elements were prepared by aqueous solution suspension method. Prepared CSMs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. The content of chlorine and sulfur elements of CSM was confirmed by ion chromatography. The thermal properties and crystallization behaviors of the prepared CSMs were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), respectively. In each TGA curve, one can observed two distinct weight loss steps, and the degradation temperatures decreased with the content of chlorine and sulfur elements increasing. The degradation temperatures of all the prepared CSMs exceeded 170°C in air, which showed good thermal stability. The calculated Avrami exponent by the opoxobck nonisothermal crystallization kinetics equation was nearly 4, which proved the CSM was homogeneous nucleation with a three‐directional spherulitic growth. The WAXD results indicated that the crystallinity of CSM decreased with the increment of chlorine and sulfur content. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Effect of protein‐loading on properties of wet‐spun poly(L,D‐lactide) multifilament fibers
Authors: Rissanen Marja , Puolakka Arja , Ahola Niina , Tonry Aaron , Rochev Yury , Kellomäki Minna , Nousiainen Pertti 
Published: January 2010

AbstractProtein‐loaded multifilament fibers were fabricated by the wet‐spinning method. The polymers which were tested included poly(L,D‐lactide) [P(L,D)LA], L/D ratio 96/4 and poly(L,DL‐lactide) [P(L,DL)LA], L/DL ratio 70/30. The polymers were dissolved in dichloromethane and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was dissolved in water, respectively. The solutions were mixed together using a probe sonicator to form a polymer‐protein emulsion. This emulsion was extruded to an ethanol spin bath. The fibers possessed a distinct sheath‐core structure, where the inner core was porous and the outer sheath was smooth. The diameters of the filaments were in the range of 46 and 70 μm. The tenacity values of the filaments were between 7 and 17 MPa. In vitro drug release rate of the P(L,DL)LA 70/30 filament was faster than that of the P(L,D)LA 96/4 filament. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
The novel alginate/N‐succinyl‐chitosan antibacterial blend fibers
Authors: Fan Lihong , Yu Lei , Xu Yongmei , Yi Changhai , Cai Jun , Li Ming , Huang Jin 
Published: January 2010

AbstractAlginate/ N‐Succinyl‐chitosan (SCS) blend fibers, prepared by spinning their mixture solution through a viscose‐type spinneret into a coagulating bath containing aqueous CaCl2, were studied for structure and properties with the aid of infrared spectroscopy (IR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The results indicated a good miscibility between alginate and SCS, because of the strong interaction from the intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The best values of the dry tensile strength and breaking elongation were obtained when SCS content was 30 wt %. The wet tensile strength decreased with the increase of SCS content, and the wet breaking elongation achieved maximum value when the SCS content was 30 wt %. Introduction of SCS in the blend fiber improved water‐retention properties of blend fiber compared to pure alginate fiber. Antibacterial fibers, obtained by treating the fibers with aqueous solution of silver nitrate, exhibited good antibacterial activity to Staphylococcus aureus. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Could accelerated aging explain the excess mortality in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: Crowson Cynthia S. , Liang Kimberly P. , Therneau Terry M. , Kremers Hilal Maradit , Gabriel Sherine E. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the mortality pattern in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is consistent with the concept of accelerated aging, by comparing the observed mortality rates in patients with RA with the age‐accelerated mortality rates from the general population.MethodsA population‐based inception cohort of patients with seropositive RA (according to the American College of Rheumatology 1987 criteria) was assembled and followed up for vital status until July 1, 2008. The expected mortality rate was obtained by applying the death rates from the general population to the age, sex, and calendar year distribution of the RA population. The observed mortality was estimated using Kaplan‐Meier methods. Acceleration factors for the expected mortality were estimated in accelerated failure time models.ResultsA total of 755 patients with seropositive RA (mean age 55.6 years, 69% women) were followed up for a mean of 12.5 years, during which 315 patients died. The expected median survival was age 82.4 years, whereas the median survival of the RA patients was age 76.7 years. Results of statistical modeling suggested that, in terms of mortality rates, patients with RA were effectively 2 years older than actual age at RA incidence, and thereafter the patients underwent 11.4 effective years of aging for each 10 years of calendar time.ConclusionThe overall observed mortality experience of patients with seropositive RA is consistent with the hypothesis of accelerated aging. The causes of accelerated aging in RA deserve further investigation.
Effect of interleukin‐32γ on differentiation of osteoclasts from CD14+ monocytes
Authors: Kim Yong‐Gil , Lee Chang‐Keun , Oh Ji Seon , Kim Soo‐Hyun , Kim Kyoung‐A , Yoo Bin 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveInterleukin‐32 (IL‐32) induces various inflammatory molecules in human monocytes and differentiation of monocytes into macrophage‐like cells. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of IL‐32γ, the most biologically active isoform, on the differentiation and activation of osteoclasts.MethodsCD14+ monocytes were obtained from healthy volunteers, and samples of synovial tissue and synovial fluid were obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and patients with osteoarthritis (OA). The concentration and expression levels of IL‐32γ in RA and OA samples were evaluated by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunoblotting, respectively. To examine the osteoclastogenic effects and functional activities, isolated monocytes were treated with either IL‐32γ or IL‐17 in the presence or absence of soluble RANKL (sRANKL) on a culture system and on Osteologic disks. The expression of RANKL and osteoprotegerin (OPG) messenger RNA (mRNA) in RA fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) was measured using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real‐time PCR.ResultsThe concentration and expression levels of IL‐32γ were higher in the RA samples than in the OA samples. Upon costimulation with sRANKL, the osteoclast count and resorbed area increased more significantly in the IL‐32γ–stimulated cultures than in those stimulated with IL‐17. In the IL‐32γ–treated group without sRANKL stimulation, osteoclasts were differentiated, but the cells displayed low resorption activity. In RA FLS, RANKL mRNA expression increased in the presence of both IL‐32γ and IL‐17. However, transcription of OPG decreased following IL‐32γ stimulation, resulting in a significant increase in the RANKL:OPG ratio.ConclusionOur results suggest that IL‐32γ is a potent mediator of active osteoclast generation in the presence of sRANKL. Moreover, this novel cytokine creates more favorable conditions for osteoclastogenesis in the RA joint by increasing the RANKL:OPG ratio in FLS.
Age at time of corticosteroid administration is a risk factor for osteonecrosis in pediatric patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: A prospective magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Nakamura Junichi , Saisu Takashi , Yamashita Keishi , Suzuki Chiho , Kamegaya Makoto , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo clarify whether age at the time of the initial administration of corticosteroids is a risk factor for corticosteroid‐associated osteonecrosis in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsFrom 1986 to 2007, MRI was used to prospectively study 676 joints, including 72 joints (36 hips and 36 knees) in 18 pediatric patients with SLE (<15 years old), 100 joints (50 hips and 50 knees) in 25 adolescent patients with SLE (15–20 years old), and 504 joints (252 hips and 252 knees) in 126 adult patients with SLE (>20 years old), beginning just after corticosteroid administration, for at least 1 year. The followup rate was 100%.ResultsIn pediatric patients, osteonecrosis developed in 4 joints (6%; all hips). In adolescent patients, osteonecrosis developed in 49 joints (49%; 18 hips and 31 knees). In adult patients, osteonecrosis developed in 207 joints (41%; 95 hips and 112 knees). The rate of osteonecrosis was significantly lower in pediatric patients than in adolescent or adult patients (P = 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis revealed that adolescent and adult patients had a significantly higher risk for osteonecrosis compared with pediatric patients, with an odds ratio of 10.3 (P < 0.0001). The youngest patients with osteonecrosis in the hip and knee were 14.9 years old and 15.5 years old, respectively. Osteonecrosis did not develop in patients younger than age 14 years.ConclusionOur results suggest that age at the time of the initial administration of corticosteroids is associated with osteonecrosis in pediatric patients with SLE.
The HLA–B*2705 peptidome
Authors: Ben Dror Lilach , Barnea Eilon , Beer Ilan , Mann Matthias , Admon Arie 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe HLA–B27 allele is strongly associated with the group of inflammatory diseases known as the spondylarthritides (SpA). The aim of this study was to perform a large‐scale, direct biochemical analysis of the HLA–B*2705 peptidome in order to identify candidates for mimicry between HLA–B27 peptides derived from cartilage proteins and arthritogenic bacterial sequences and to refine the consensus binding motif of this important allele.MethodsThe peptides were recovered by recombinant expression of soluble HLA–B27 molecules secreted from cultured chondrocytic cells or HeLa cells. Analysis was based on capillary chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry in combination with stable isotope labeling with amino acids in cell culture or chemical labeling with iTRAQ to enhance the validity of the data.ResultsOver 1,268 B27 peptides were identified, with 569 of them at high certainty, thus enabling better refinement of the B27 motif. This enabled the prediction of both short peptides and long peptides whose middle residues likely bulge out of the binding groove. Moreover, we identified a number of human B27 peptide sequences derived from human cartilage proteins, some of which are similar to common bacterial sequences.ConclusionThe peptides we identified may provide the missing link between bacterial infections and the resulting SpA.