bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proliferating inverted follicular keratosis of genital skin: Case series of a challenging variant
Authors: Huang Chelsea , Runge Mason , Hrycaj Steven M. , Harms Paul W. , Fullen Douglas R. , Chan May P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundInverted follicular keratosis (IFK) is a benign cutaneous epithelial tumor typically presenting as a small papule on the head and neck. We have encountered deep endophytic tumors on genital skin with some characteristics of IFK but also atypical features, raising concern for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).MethodsFour such tumors were identified in our database. Histopathologic analysis and ancillary studies were performed.ResultsAll patients were young women who presented with a solitary 0.5–1.0 cm lesion on the vulva, perineum, or inner buttock. Each showed a squamous proliferation arising from the epidermis, with endophytic growth that was deep and bulbous but not infiltrative. The tumor lobules contained eosinophilic keratinocytes, forming numerous squamous eddies. Small irregular spaces and dyskeratotic cells were frequently found. Nuclear pleomorphism was minimal to absent. All demonstrated wild‐type p53 expression and lack of p16 block positivity. In situ hybridizations for human papillomavirus were negative. None of the three cases with follow‐up data showed evidence of recurrence.ConclusionsThe absence of infiltrative growth or significant pleomorphism, the presence of numerous squamous eddies, the reassuring immunoprofile, and the lack of evidence of recurrence support a variant of IFK and speak against SCC. We propose the term “proliferating IFK” to highlight the florid squamous proliferation. Recognition of this unusual variant would avoid overdiagnosis of SCC.
Symbiont infection and psyllid haplotype influence phenotypic plasticity during host switching events
Authors: Gebiola Marco , Mauck Kerry E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Many herbivorous insect species exhibit phenotypic plasticity when using multiple hosts, which facilitates survival in heterogeneous host environments. Physiological host acclimation is an important part of it, yet the effects of host acclimation on insect feeding behaviour are not well studied, particularly for insect vectors of plant pathogens.
We studied the combined effects of host acclimation and infection with a plant pathogenic symbiont on feeding behaviour of Bactericera cockerelli, an oligophagous psyllid widespread in both crop and natural habitats that feed primarily on Solanaceae and transmit an economically important plant pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum (CLso).
We used a factorial design and the electrical penetration graphing technique to disentangle the effects of host acclimation, CLso infection and psyllid haplotype on the within‐plant feeding behaviour of B. cockerelli during conspecific and heterospecific host switches. This approach allows to connect phenotypic plasticity with the role of B. cockerelli as a vector by quantifying the frequency and duration of behaviours involved in CLso transmission.
We found significant reductions in multiple metrics of B. cockerelli feeding efficiency, exacerbated by infection with CLso, which could lead to reduced transmission of this pathogen. Psyllid genotype was also important; the Central haplotype exhibited less dramatic changes in feeding efficiency than the Western haplotype during heterospecific host switches.
Our study shows that host acclimation and heterospecific host switching directly alter feeding behaviours underlying pathogen transmission, and that the magnitude of feeding efficiency reductions depends on both host genotype and infection status.
2023 NCME Presidential Address: Some Musings on Comparable Scores
Authors: Harris Deborah J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article is based on my 2023 NCME Presidential Address, where I talked a bit about my journey into the profession, and more substantively about comparable scores. Specifically, I discussed some of the different ways ‘comparable scores’ are defined, highlighted some areas I think we as a profession need to pay more attention to when considering score comparability, and emphasized that comparability in this context is a matter of degree which varies according to the decisions we plan to make on particular scores.
Complete abdominal wall rupture in a late‐term pregnant mare with pre‐existing prepubic tendon rupture
Authors: Timmins Jessica , Ruby Rebecca , Wong David , Galow Nyomi , Gillen Alex 
Published: May 2024

SummaryA 15‐year‐old multiparous Quarter Horse mare with a pre‐existing (>1 year) prepubic tendon rupture was presented pregnant (approximately 310 days gestation) with mild signs of generalised discomfort and an advanced degree of cervical relaxation. The foal was declared to be the priority in an emergency situation; therefore, intravenous dexamethasone (0.1 mg/kg bwt i.v. q24h) was administered in an attempt to mature the fetus in case urgent induction of parturition was required. Within 36 h of admission, the mare developed a complete rupture of the caudoventral body wall and skin, from the anus to the cranial aspect of the mammary gland. Because eventration had occurred, the mare underwent immediate euthanasia and terminal caesarean section via a modified approach. The colt foal was euthanised on humane grounds, due to an inability to breathe without a ventilator, following 72 h of intensive care. Rebreeding mares with prepubic tendon rupture is not recommended, this case report presents important evidence that rebreeding mares with this condition can have fatal consequences.
Effect of corrosion pit on fatigue damage and failure in powder bed fusion AlSi10Mg
Authors: Song Haipeng , Liang Rubi , Jiang Sheng , Zhang Hao , Du Juan , Li Dinghe , Zhang Qian , Leen Sean B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper is concerned with environmental corrosion during service of load‐bearing aluminum alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing (AM) with a focus on damage evolution characterization and identification of dominated failure mechanisms of pre‐corroded selective laser melted aluminum alloy. An experimental strategy for analysis of the damage and failure process is presented, combining 3D surface measurement, 3D digital image correlation, and scanning electron microscopy, to provide a multi‐source experimental characterization of corrosion morphology, strain field evolution, and fracture morphology. Statistics and machine learning methods were employed to process the measured multi‐source experimental data, showing that local average roughness has a strong influence on macro‐crack initiation position. The analysis focuses on four primary types of fatigue micro‐crack initiation, namely, internal defect, diffuse corrosion, corrosion micro‐pit, and corrosion jut; internal defect and diffuse corrosion are unique features for powder bed fusion (PBF) AlSi10Mg. The micro‐crack initiation mechanisms for all four types are (i) local stress concentrations due to adjacent material micro‐structural defects, (ii) interaction of underlying alloy microstructure and corrosion‐induced stress/strain, and (iii) local stress/strain concentration at corrosion micro‐pit and jut, respectively.
Using deep learning method to predict dimensionless values of stress intensity factors and T‐stress of edge notch disk bend (ENDB) specimen
Authors: Hassani Niaki Mostafa , Pashaian Matin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA deep learning (DL) approach is implemented to determine the dimensionless stress intensity factors of mode‐I (YI) and mode‐III (YIII), as well as the normalized T‐stress (T*) of the edge notch disk bend specimen. The deep neural network (DNN) method as the DL approach is used to model the relationship between the geometry parameters of the specimen a/t, S/R, and β as inputs, and YI, YIII, and T* as output variables. To this end, three datasets consisting of 176, 176, and 123 finite element method data points from the previous studies are extracted for YI, YIII, and T*, respectively. The developed DNN models predicted the YI, YIII, and T* with correlations of 0.97003, 0.96918, and 0.97047, respectively. Then partial dependence plot is performed to determine the relationship between YI, YIII, and T* and the geometry parameters, which is useful in predicting and optimizing YI, YIII, and T*.
Emotional labour in nursing research: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Yangchun , Zhang Li , Huang Xihua , Cao Hengchang , Ma Na , Wang Pengcheng , Ji Xueli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThis study aims to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the trajectory and thematic developments of emotional labour research in nursing.DesignUtilizing descriptive and bibliometric analysis techniques.MethodsThe data analysis and graphical presentation were conducted using the Bibliometrix Package in R software.Data SourcesThe Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was searched on October 20, 2023.ResultsFrom 1992 to 2023, 842 authors published relevant articles, yielding 779 author keywords. There has been a general upward trend in the number of articles published over the past 30 years, with an annual growth rate of 11.71%. Keyword co‐occurrence cluster analysis revealed the main focus areas of research on emotional labour antecedents and consequences, regulatory modalities, training and education, as well as research methods and application scenarios.ConclusionEmotional labour significantly influences nursing staff's well‐being and patient care outcomes. Effective management and education regarding emotional labour are crucial for enhancing nursing staff performance and patient care quality. Future research should focus on long‐term effects, training efficacy, regulatory strategies across clinical settings, and innovative approaches to address current challenges.ImpactThis study provides valuable insights into the unique trajectory and thematic developments of emotional labour research in nursing. The findings underscore the importance of addressing emotional labour in nursing practice and education to improve patient care outcomes and nursing staff well‐being.Reporting MethodAdherence to recognized bibliometric reporting methods, following relevant EQUATOR guidelines.No Patient or Public ContributionThis study is based solely on existing literature and did not involve patients or the public in its design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, or preparation.
Cheating behaviour in online exams: On the role of needs, conceptions and reasons of university students
Authors: Rüth Marco , Jansen Maria , Kaspar Kai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundOnline exams have become a more common form of assessment at universities due to the Covid‐19 pandemic. However, cheating behaviour in online exams is widespread and threatens exam validity as well as student learning and well‐being.ObjectiveTo better understand the role of university students' needs, conceptions and reasons regarding cheating in online exams.MethodsIn Study 1, we used four pairs of contrasting online exam scenarios to explore the impact of addressing students' needs on their cheating intention. In Study 2, we examined how students' conceptions of online exams are related to their cheating behaviour. In Study 3, we asked students to name their most important reasons for and against cheating in past online exams. All studies were conducted online and are based on a convenience sample of 339 students from universities in Germany.Results and ConclusionsFirst, students were less likely to cheat when they expected exam content relevant to their future profession, exam tasks relevant to their future professional life and detailed feedback on their performance. Second, most students' conceptions of online exams were related to their cheating intention and behaviour, whereas the conceptions that online exams support teaching, promote collaboration and impair learning were of relatively high importance. Third, most important reasons for cheating included the relevance of grades and the unfairness of exams, and most important reasons against cheating included moral standards and values as well as the fear of consequences.ImplicationsAddressing students' needs and considering their conceptions and reasons could be a learner‐centred approach to decrease cheating behaviour.
A Nonparametric Composite Group DIF Index for Focal Groups Stemming from Multicategorical Variables
Authors: Huggins‐Manley Corinne , Raborn Anthony W. , Jones Peggy K. , Myers Ted 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a nonparametric DIF method that (a) compares focal groups directly to the composite group that will be used to develop the reported test score scale, and (b) allows practitioners to explore for DIF related to focal groups stemming from multicategorical variables that constitute a small proportion of the overall testing population. We propose the nonparametric root expected proportion squared difference (REPSD) index that evaluates the statistical significance of composite group DIF for relatively small focal groups stemming from multicategorical focal variables, with decisions of statistical significance based on quasi‐exact p values obtained from Monte Carlo permutations of the DIF statistic under the null distribution. We conduct a simulation to evaluate conditions under which the index produces acceptable Type I error and power rates, as well as an application to a school district assessment. Practitioners can calculate the REPSD index in a freely available package we created in the R environment.
Expanding the Lognormal Response Time Model Using Profile Similarity Metrics to Improve the Detection of Anomalous Testing Behavior
Authors: Hurtz Gregory M. , Mucino Regi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Lognormal Response Time (LNRT) model measures the speed of test‐takers relative to the normative time demands of items on a test. The resulting speed parameters and model residuals are often analyzed for evidence of anomalous test‐taking behavior associated with fast and poorly fitting response time patterns. Extending this model, we demonstrate the connection between the existing LNRT model parameters and the “level” component of profile similarity, and we define two new parameters for the LNRT model representing profile “dispersion” and “shape.” We show that while the LNRT model measures level (speed), profile dispersion and shape are conflated in model residuals, and that distinguishing them provides meaningful and useful parameters for identifying anomalous testing behavior. Results from data in a situation where many test‐takers gained preknowledge of test items revealed that profile shape, not currently measured in the LNRT model, was the most sensitive response time index to the abnormal test‐taking behavior patterns. Results strongly support expanding the LNRT model to measure not only each test‐taker's level of speed, but also the dispersion and shape of their response time profiles.
Cross‐cultural validation and formulation of key evidence‐based back pain messages for Zambian nurses
Authors: Nkhata Loveness A. , Brink Yolandi , Ernstzen Dawn , Louw Quinette A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRationaleWorkplace attitudes among nurses with back pain disability are usually unsupportive as nurses tend to rely on passive approaches like pain medications and taking sick leave to manage the impact of their back pain experiences.Aims and ObjectivesTo lessen the burden of back pain disability, this paper aimed to collate information from publicly accessible health resources such as posters, pamphlets, and electronic resources and cross‐culturally validate this information for nurses in Zambia.MethodsFocus group discussions were used to produce the validation data for this study's qualitative research design. For cross‐cultural validation, deductive analysis was carried out using Herdman's framework for Conceptual Equivalence, Item Equivalence, and Semantic Equivalence.Results and ConclusionThe 14 messages on back pain given to the participants were reviewed to enhance clarity, applicability, and acceptability. Messages with similar meanings were merged, reducing the total number to 7. The revisions made to the 14 back pain messages aimed to improve understanding, acceptability, and relevance within the contexts and circumstances in which nurses' practice. This is important because the messages adapted for use in low‐ and middle‐income countries like Zambia are equivalent and applicable to those originally developed in high‐income countries.
US neonatal intensive care unit registered dietitian nutritionists salary description and correlates: results of a survey
Authors: Hand Rosa K. , Merlino Barr Stephanie , Fenton Tanis R. , Groh‐Wargo Sharon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis survey described the compensation of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) registered dietitian nutritionists (RDNs) in the United States and examined correlates of higher salaries within this group.MethodsA cross‐sectional online survey was completed in 2021 by 143 NICU RDNs from 127 US hospitals who reported hourly wage in US dollars (USD). We used initial bivariate analyses to assess the relationship of selected institution‐level and individual‐level variables to hourly wage; the rank‐sum test for binary variables; bivariate regression and Pearson correlation coefficients for continuous variables; the Kruskal–Wallis test for categorical variables. Variables with a compelling relationship to the hourly wage outcome were considered in model creation. Final model selection was based on comparisons of model fit.ResultsMedian hourly compensation was USD 33.24 (interquartile range [IQR] 29.81, 38.49). Seven variables had a compelling bivariate relationship with hourly wage: cost of living, employer facility with a paediatric residency, employer facility with a neonatal fellowship, NICU bed: full‐time equivalents (FTE) RDN ratio, years in neonatal nutrition, having a certification and order writing privileges. In the final adjusted model (R2 = 0.42), three variables remained associated with increased hourly wage: higher cost of living, longer length of career in neonatal nutrition and fewer NICU beds per NICU RDN FTE.ConclusionsUS NICU RDNs earn similar or slightly higher wages than other US paediatric RDNs; they earn substantially less than other NICU healthcare team members. Employers need to improve compensation for NICU RDNs to incentivise their retention and recognise their additional non‐clinical responsibilities.
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting high‐burnout risk in nurses
Authors: Ning Meng , Chen Zengyu , Yang Jiaxin , Li Xuting , Yu Qiang , Huang Chongmei , Li Yamin , Tian Yusheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimTo develop a predictive model for high‐burnout of nurses.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis study was conducted using an online survey. Data were collected by the Chinese Maslach Burnout Inventory‐General Survey (CMBI‐GS) and self‐administered questionnaires that included demographic, behavioural, health‐related, and occupational variables. Participants were randomly divided into a development set and a validation set. In the development set, multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors associated with high‐burnout risk, and a nomogram was constructed based on significant contributing factors. The discrimination, calibration, and clinical practicability of the nomogram were evaluated in both the development and validation sets using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, Hosmer–Lemeshow test, and decision curve analysis, respectively. Data analysis was performed using Stata 16.0 software.ResultsA total of 2750 nurses from 23 provinces of mainland China responded, with 1925 participants (70%) in a development set and 825 participants (30%) in a validation set. Workplace violence, shift work, working time per week, depression, stress, self‐reported health, and drinking were significant contributors to high‐burnout risk and a nomogram was developed using these factors. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve of the model was 0.808 in the development set and 0.790 in the validation set. The nomogram demonstrated a high net benefit in the clinical decision curve in both sets.ConclusionThis study has developed and validated a predictive nomogram for identifying high‐burnout in nurses.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe nomogram conducted by our study will assist nursing managers in identifying at‐high‐risk nurses and understanding related factors, helping them implement interventions early and purposefully.Reporting MethodThe study adhered to the relevant EQUATOR reporting guidelines: TRIPOD Checklist for Prediction Model Development and Validation.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Prevalence and risk factors for gingivitis in a cohort of UK companion cats aged up to 6 years
Authors: Williams J. L. , Roberts C. , Harley R. , Gruffydd‐Jones T. J. , Murray J. K. 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesProspectively collected data were used to estimate the prevalence of gingivitis in a cohort of companion cats aged up to 6 years and to investigate factors associated with the risk of gingivitis in cats aged 3 to 4 years.Materials and MethodsData were obtained from a longitudinal study of domestic cats (the Bristol Cats Study), using owner‐completed questionnaires and veterinary surgeon‐completed oral health scores. Prevalence estimates of veterinary‐reported gingivitis for cats aged up to 6 years old (n = 1534) were calculated for different age groups. Cat signalment, diet and dental care were assessed for association with gingivitis in cats aged 3 to 4 years (n = 317) using univariable and multiple logistic regression.ResultsThe prevalence of gingivitis increased with age and ranged from 24.5% (<12 months old) to 56.3% (5 to 6 years old). Odds of gingivitis in cats aged 3 to 4 years were higher in cats fed a wet only or mixed wet/dry diet compared to dry only (odds ratio: 2.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.4 to 5.1), cats not reported to hunt compared to reported hunters (odds ratio: 2.1; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 4.2), cats reported to dribble whilst being stroked at age 6 months compared to reported non‐dribblers (odds ratio: 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.3 to 8.4) and cats with orange variants in their coat colour compared to non‐orange cats (odds ratio: 2.3; 95% confidence interval: 1.0 to 5.3).Clinical SignificanceThese results will help veterinary surgeons identify cats that may be at a greater risk of gingivitis and provide an evidence base to inform dietary and oral healthcare recommendations aimed at promoting gingival health in cats.