bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semiquantitative Determination of Fc and C3 Receptors on Human Lymphocytes by Isotope‐Labelled Marker Cells
Authors: Jønsson Viggo , Christensen Bjarne Egelund 
Published: August 2010

The number of Fc and C3 receptors on normal B lymphocytes, isolated from blood, was assessed semiquantitatively by a new method in which the marker cells (pre‐treated sheep erythrocytes) for Fc and C3 receptors are labelled by 99Tc and 51Cr respectively. The mean number of bound marker cells per rosette was assessed simultaneously by measurements of radioactivity.Control studies showed that a measuring system using 1/4 agglutinating titre of antibody on the marker cells is particularly advantageous: (1) Fc and C3 receptors are not demonstrable on T lymphocytes; thus, B lymphocyte fractions with Fc and/or C3 receptors are well‐defined. (2) The binding affinity of the marker cells for normal lymphocytes is so weak that the number of bound marker cells per rosette rarely reaches the maximum which was calculated and measured as about 30 marker cells per rosette; thus, the measuring system is sensitive to changes in the number of receptors. (3) By binding of marker cells to lymphocytes bearing Fc as well as C3 receptors it has been demonstrated that interference phenomena between the two marker cells are not operative.Studies of blood lymphocytes from normal human subjects showed B lymphocytes carrying either Fc or C3 receptors as well as a fraction of B lymphocytes having both Fc and C3 receptors. The latter make up about 6 % of the lymphocyte mass. Comparative assessment of the quantitative distribution of these receptors indicates a developmental sequence, B lymphocyte with Fc receptors evidently developing, via B lymphocytes with Fc as well as C3 receptors, into B lymphocytes having C3 receptors only.
Increased Potassium Permeability by Calcium in Hypochromic Red Blood Cells
Authors: Vettore Luciano , Matteis Maria Concetta De , Falezza Gian Carlo 
Published: August 2010

The red blood cell (RBC) content of Na+ and K+ were measured both on fresh cells from normal, heterozygous β‐thalassaemic and iron‐deficiency‐anaemic subjects, and on the same cells incubated for 24 h, at 37° C, either in presence or in absence of Calcium (Ca2+).Ca2+ did not increase membrane permeability to Na+, but increased the K+ loss, both from normal cells and to a greater degree much more from hypochromic cells.Glucose largely prevented the K+ loss from hypochromic cells incubated either in absence or in presence of Ca2+, probably maintaining an adequate level of ATP during the incubation.EDTA only partially decreased the permeability to K+ in hypochromic cells incubated for 24 h at 37° C, possibly removing Ca2+ bound to the cell membrane.The results suggest that Ca2+ does not represent the primary cause of K+ leak in hypochromic cells, but it is able to enhance a pre‐existing peculiar abnormality of the cell membrane when the ATP level slows down.
The Effect of Phospholipase C on Rat Blood Platelets in Vivo
Authors: Giercksky Karl‐Erik 
Published: August 2010

Rat blood platelets were treated with phospholipase C in vitro or phospholipase C was injected i.v. to rats. In both cases its effect on the functions of the platelets in vivo has been studied. No change was found in primary bleeding time or in platelet survival. Treatment with phospholipase C gave a moderate reduction of ADP‐induced platelet aggregation in the pulmonary circulation whereas the aggregation induced by thrombin was unchanged.I.v. injection of phospholipase C caused a rapid, very moderate and transient increase of 51Cr‐activity in the lungs without concomitant overt respiratory distress. A moderate increase in 51Cr‐activity was noted in liver and kidney 24 and 48 h after injection of phospholipase C. This may be caused by a slightly increased leakage of 51Cr‐labelled material from the platelets during exposure to phospholipase C.
Sickle‐Cell Anaemia in Turkey Evaluation of 97 Cases (with Parents' Findings)
Authors: ÖZSOYLU ŞINASI , ALTINÖZd NECDET 
Published: August 2010

The haematological and clinical data in 97 sickle‐cell anaemia cases and haemato‐logical findings of their parents are reported. In spite of the low Hb values of the patients, they tolerated their anaemia and very rarely required blood transfusions. The Hb F levels of the patients were in general higher than African origin SS anaemia patients but lower than the Shiite Saudi Arabians. However, in most of the cases the concentration of Hb F did not seem to influence the Hb concentration of the patients. Serum iron was found unexpectedly decreased in 22 % of the patients. Osmotic fragility was found decreased in 100 % of the patients and in 83.5 % of the parents.The prevalence of G‐6‐PD deficiency was 21.2 % in male patients and 15.6 % in the parents.
Pre‐Morbid Factors in Hodgkin's Disease I. Birth Weight and Growth Pattern from 8 to 14 Years of Age
Authors: Isager Henrik , Andersen Erik 
Published: August 2010

The risk of Hodgkin's disease (HD) in young adults is correlated to height. This association indicates an etiologic factor acting during growth.Our aim was to evaluate the importance of growth pattern as a risk factor in HD. The register of records from the school health service of the Copenhagen Council was scrutinized in order to find Danes with HD born between 1930 and 1950. Whenever possible, three matched controls (comparable in respect to socio‐economic status) were selected from the register for each case. The material consisted of 63 cases and 183 controls. Information regarding height, weight and birth weight was obtained from the school health records.The patients were taller than controls at 8, 10, 12 and 14 years of age. The birth weight was available in 33 cases and 99 controls, and was higher in the former (median 3.50 kg) than in the latter (median 3.30 kg) (P < 0.01). Our findings suggest the existence of either a risk factor associated with rapid growth or a protective factor connected with slower growth, effective even before birth.
The Peripheral Platelet Count in Response to Adrenergic Alpha‐ and Beta‐1‐Receptor Stimulation
Authors: Fredén Krister , Lundborg Per , Vilén Lars , Kutti Jack 
Published: August 2010

The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of adrenergic alpha‐ and beta‐1‐receptor stimulation on the peripheral platelet count. The experiments were carried out on 8 healthy male volunteers using radioisotopically labelled platelets. 3 subjects received i.v. infusions of adrenaline (0.09 μg × kg‐1 × min‐1) before and after the ingestion of 40 mg propranolol. In response to the first infusion there was an instant increase in the venous platelet‐bound radioactivity (PBR) which amounted to 12 % over basal value. This effect of adrenaline seemed to be potentiated by propranolol pretreatment. 5 subjects received i.v. infusions of the highly selective beta‐1‐receptor agonist H 133/22 (prenalterol, Hässle, Sweden). In response to a cumulative dose of 4.75 mg prenalterol a slight but significant (P <0.05) decrease in PBR occurred.It is concluded that alpha‐receptor stimulation causes a depletion of platelets from the exchangeable splenic platelet pool resulting in a concomitant increase in the peripheral platelet count. Beta‐receptor stimulation has an opposite effect on the spleen. The trapping of platelets by the spleen is mediated both via beta‐1‐ and beta‐2‐receptors, but the effect of beta‐2‐receptor stimulation seems to predominate.
CLL and Diffuse Histiocytic Lymphoma in One Patient: Clonal Proliferation of Two Different B Cells
Authors: Splinter T. A. W. , Noorloos A. Bom‐van , van Heerde P. 
Published: August 2010

A case report is presented of a 77‐year‐old woman suffering from a composite lymphoma, known as Richter's Syndrome, consisting of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and diffuse histiocytic lymphoma. Light‐microscopic investigation revealed the presence of CLL cells in the blood and bone marrow and a combination of CLL cells and large immunoblastic cells in the lymph node. Immunological investigation showed that both malignant cell types were B cells. The CLL cells carried a monoclonal surface immunoglobulin (S‐Ig) μΛ, and the immunoblastic cells had a monoclonal S‐Ig μk.These findings indicated that both clonal lymphoproliferative diseases were probably derived from different tumour stem cells.
Sensitivity and Precision of Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) Methods
Authors: Refsum Nina , Collen D. , Godal H. C. , Janson T. , Mannucci P. M. , Nilsson Inga Marie , Gilhuus‐Moe C. C. 
Published: August 2010

The Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) test, Cephotest, was compared to other APTT methods in current use in 4 specialized coagulation laboratories. In 3 of 4 laboratories, the sensitivity of Cephotest was superior (P < 0.001) to that of the local APTT method. There was no statistically significant difference between the APTT methods with regard to precision of repetitive testing.In each laboratory, the normal range of Cephotest was estimated on freshly collected plasma samples from healthy subjects. A mean value between 28.8 and 35.8 s, with a standard deviation of 1.1–3.3 s, was obtained.It is concluded that the composition of the APTT method is of importance for the sensitivity of this test, but does not influence the precision of repetitive testing to a significant degree. The use of a standardized reagent facilitates comparison of the results obtained with the APTT method from one laboratory to another.
Erythroblast Kinetics in Pernicious Anaemia, Erythroleukaemia and Sideroblastic Anaemia
Authors: Suda Tetsuo , Omine Mitsuhiro , Tsuchiya Jun 
Published: August 2010

DNA synthesis time (Ts) and 3H‐thymidine labelling index (TLI) of erythroblasts have been determined in 25 patients with various types of haematologic disorders using in vitro double labelling method. No remarkable differences in both Ts and TLI were noted between haematologically normal subjects and patients with increased effective erythropoiesis (haemolytic anaemias), suggesting that the cell cycle time is not principally altered under the augmented erythropoiesis.In pernicious anaemia, Ts of basophilic erythroblasts was significantly shortened and TLI was elevated above normal. Normalization of erythropoiesis by vitamin B12 was associated with a transient increase of TLI in polychromatic erythroblasts, which was interpreted to reflect prevention of intramedullary premature death of basophilic megaloblasts. Erythroleukaemia showed a markedly prolonged Ts and lowered TLI indicating the presence of cells with prolonged cell cycle time. These findings contrasted to that of pernicious anaemia despite certain morphological as well as functional similarities. In idiopathic sideroblastic anaemia, prolongation of Ts was observed to a similar extent as erythroleukaemia, while TLI remained almost normal. In 2 cases with suspected erythroleukaemia presenting an intermediate clinical picture between erythroleukaemia and sideroblastic anaemia, Ts of basophilic erythroblasts was found to be prolonged along with modestly lowered TLI.
Prognostic Factors in Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Björkholm M. , Holm G. , Mellstedt H. , Johansson B. , Killander D. , Sundblad R. , Söderberg G. 
Published: August 2010

Purified blood lymphocytes from 81 consecutive and previously untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease were studied in vitro. The patients were evaluated 23 to 52 months after institution of therapy and were divided into two prognostic groups: 1. Complete remission with or without previous relapse/relapses. 2. Uncontrolled relapse or deceased from Hodgkin's disease.Lymphocyte activation by concanavalin A, pokeweed mitogen or phytohaemagglutinin was impaired and spontaneous DNA synthesis was high in patients with poor prognosis as compared to the good prognosis group. The prognostic information increased if the four lymphocyte tests were combined in a score (range 0–8). All 8 patients with pronounced lymphocyte defects (score 7–8), died, while all patients with score 0 and 1 were in complete remission. In contrast, total lymphocyte and T‐lym‐phocyte counts and lymphocyte stimulation by PPD were of no prognostic value. The ability of certain lymphocyte functions to predict prognosis was equal or better than that of age and better than clinical staging, histopathology and symptoms.
Acute Renal Failure Associated with a Malignant Lymphoproliferative Disorder with Monoclonal Light Chain Immunoglolobulin Production
Authors: Berkel J. , Granillo‐Bodansky C. , Borne A. E. G. Kr. v. d. 
Published: August 2010

A case of a 32‐year‐old male negro is reported in whom acute renal failure was the first manifestation of a diffuse lymphoplasmocytic infiltrative disorder. The malignant cells only produced immunoglobulin light chain (Λ‐type).A description of the pathological findings is given. The case presented can be considered an intermediate form between macroglobulinaemia and multiple myeloma.
BCG Therapy in Acute Non Lymphoid Leukaemias
Authors: Vuvan H. , Fiere D. , Doillon M. , Martin C. , Coiffier B. , Felman P. , Bryon P. A. , Favre‐Gilly J. , Revol L. 
Published: August 2010

The survival of patients with acute non‐lymphoid leukaemias (ANLL) receiving chemotherapy (32 patients) or chemotherapy plus BCG (31 patients) has been compared in a randomized trial which started in Nov 1974. Fresh BCG (Institut Pasteur, Paris) was administered by Heaf gun in the interval of chemotherapy cycles. The overall survival was better in the chemo‐immunotherapy group (median duration of survival of 25 months compared to 16 months in the chemotherapy group). However, the first remission duration did not differ (median duration of the 15 and 12 months, respectively). Plateau survival curves were not obtained in either group.A second complete remission was obtained in 7 out of 12 patients with bone marrow relapses in the chemo‐immunotherapy group, and only in 2 out of 15 in the chemotherapy group (P < 0.05). BCG seemed more efficient in patients older than 40 years; no difference was observed according to sex.
Scanning Electron Microscopy of Exudative Macrophages in Malignant Lymphoma
Authors: Sokol R. J. , Durrant T. E. , Lambourne C. A. , Hudson G. 
Published: August 2010

The possible value of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of skin window preparations in the clinical situation has been investigated with reference to 48‐hour macrophages in 26 patients with malignant lymphoma.The preparations were processed for SEM using critical point drying and sputter coating. Identification of macrophages was made with reference to light microscopy both of parallel preparations and of specimens already studied by SEM. Distinctive SEM appearances were present in most of the patients. Although many macrophages were similar to those from normal subjects, the majority showed a more variable morphology including the presence of ruffles and coarse ridge‐like profiles. Highly significant differences were found on statistical analysis. It is suggested that immaturity of the 48‐hour macrophages is present in some patients with malignant lymphoma (perhaps reflecting the macrophage dysfunction already described in these diseases). The findings indicate the potential clinical application for this technique.
The Effect of Sonicated Serum on Growth of Normal and Leukaemic Human Cells in Agar Cultures
Authors: Knudtzon S. , Mortensen B. T. 
Published: August 2010

The existence of circulating factors in blood of possible importance for granulo‐poiesis was investigated by examining the effect of sonicated serum on agar cultures of human haematopoietic cells. Ultrasound treatment of serum can activate enzymes normally bound to carrier proteins.In normal bone marrow cultures, growth was inhibited by sonicated serum when the cells were cultured in a single layer without exogenous colony‐stimulating factor (CSF) included in the culture, while an enhancing effect with a 2–5 fold increase in the number of colonies was seen in feeder layer‐stimulated cultures. Morphologically, in contrast to the normal change to eosinophils and monocytes‐macrophages during the culture period, the cultures with sonicated serum added showed continuous growth of neutrophils and no increase of other cell types. Experiments using tritiated thymidine indicated that the enhancing effect of sonicated serum involved marrow cells which were more prone to thymidine S‐phase kill. The effect of sonicated serum was further evaluated in cultures from patients with leukaemia. In AML in relapse, feeder‐layer stimulated cultures of bone marrow cells were inhibited (11/14 cases) by sonicated serum, while reversion to the normal enhancing pattern was seen for patients in remission.
Effects of Serum and Cations on the Selective Release of Granular Proteins from Human Neutrophils during Phagocytosis
Authors: Venge Per , Hällgren Roger , Stålenheim Gunnemar , Olsson Inge 
Published: August 2010

The extracellular release from human neutrophils of the primary (azurophil) granule constituents, myeloperoxidase (MPO), chymotrypsin‐like cationic protein (CCP), col‐lagenase and lysozyme, and the secondary (specific) granule constituents, lactoferrin and lysozyme, was measured during ingestion of staphylococcus protein‐A‐IgG complexes. In buffer, lactoferrin release was consistently higher than that of the other protein. In serum, lactoferrin release increased concomitantly with ingestion, whereas the rate of lysozyme and especially of MPO release were stimulated to a higher degree than ingestion.Magnesium (0.5‐2 mM) was more potent than calcium (0.5‐2 mM) in promoting release but these cations worked synergistically. Zinc (0.5‐4 mM) was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of collagenase release. Manganese (0.25‐4 mM), which inhibited the ingestion of SpA‐IgG complexes, also inhibited release of CCP, collagenase, lysozyme and MPO, but actually stimulated lactoferrin release. The data suggests that lactoferrin and lysozyme may be confined to distinct granule populations or else released in a different fashion from the granules. When the effects on release of primary granule proteins are concerned it is suggested that the dissociation of binding of various agents to an anionic granule matrix may be affected differently by various cations.
Quantitation of Erythropoiesis in Myelomatosis
Authors: Birgens Henrik S. , Hansen Ole Paaske , Henriksen Jens H. , Wantzin Per 
Published: August 2010

Quantitation of the erythropoiesis with radio‐iron (59Fe) was applied to 9 patients with untreated myelomatosis. The method included blocking of the 59Fe reutilization by injection of non‐radioactive iron.There was no uniform pattern in the Fe‐kinetics values. The Plasma Iron Turnover (PIT) and the Red Blood Cell Iron Turnover (RBCIT) varied from subnormal to values markedly increased above upper normal limit. The calculated average Mean Red Cell Life time (MRCL) of erythrocytes was just below normal range. The mean Marrow Transit Time (MTT) was normal in the patients, despite subnormal venous haematocrit, indicating insufficient stimulation of the bone marrow. The renal function, measured as 51Cr‐EDTA clearance, was found positivily correlated to the RBCIT (r = 0.78, P < 0.05). The results suggest that the previously demonstrated relationship between anaemia and renal failure in patients with myelomatosis is caused mainly by an inability of the bone marrow to produce sufficient red blood cells under the stress of anaemia related to the degree of renal impairment.
Human Erythropoiesis in Diffusion Chambers
Authors: Walther F. , Schopow K. 
Published: August 2010

The diffusion chamber technique has been modified in order to stimulate human erythropiesis in addition to granulo and monocytopoiesis.The chamber recipient mice were subjected to a combination of 750 rad irradiation and long‐term non‐interrupted hypoxia (0.5 atm) without chamber retransplantation. 7 d after implantation erythroid cells started to increase, reaching a maximum of up to 70 % of the nucleated cells on day 12.
Erythrocyte and Leucocyte Enzymes in a Case of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria
Authors: Hanel H. K. , Mejer J. , Mørck H. I. 
Published: August 2010

In a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) enzymatic activities of erythrocytes and leucocytes were studied. Studies of autohaemolysis were also performed.The following erythrocytary enzymes were measured: Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydro‐genase (G‐6‐PD), pyruvate kinase (PK), glutathione reductase (GR), and acetyl‐cholinesterase (AcChE).The following enzymes were measured in leucocytes: Adenosine deaminase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase, hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and adenosine kinase.Normal activity of G‐6‐PD, GR and PK in erythrocytes was found. In leucocytes and lymphocytes activity of purine nucleoside phosphorylase was reduced. Autohaemolysis in vitro was increased, which could not be compensated by addition of glucose or ATP.
Red Cell Inclusion Bodies in a Case of Preleukaemia
Authors: Streichman S. , Tatarski I. , Manaster J. 
Published: August 2010

A 26‐year‐old female patient is reported in whom red cell inclusion bodies (Hb‐H) and thrombocytopenia appeared more than 5 years before the emergence of atypical chr. myeloid leukaemia.Attention is drawn to the fact that the recently uncovered mechanism of acquisition of Hb‐H (absence of transcription of specific genes) has previously been implicated in other biochemical changes typical of leukaemia.
Mucosal Uptake, Mucosal Transfer and Retention of Iron, Measured by Whole‐Body Counting
Authors: Marx J. J. M. 
Published: August 2010

A method is described which enables simple and accurate measurement of the separate steps of iron absorption. A double isotope technique was used with 59Fe as a tracer and 51Cr (as CrCl3) as an inert, not absorbable indicator. With a whole‐body counter it was possible not only to measure initial mucosal uptake and retention but also to calculate mucosal transfer of iron. Thus faeces collection for determination of mucosal uptake of iron was no longer necessary.Absorption of a physiological dose of inorganic iron was studied in 25 normal subjects (15 males and 10 females), in 21 patients with uncomplicated iron deficiency and in 8 patients with idiopathic haemosiderosis. A significant difference was demonstrated between normals and patients with iron deficiency and in idiopathic haemosiderosis with respect to the various steps of iron absorption. The method provides a simple tool for the study of the regulation of iron absorption at the luminal and intracellular site of the intestinal mucosal cell.
Acute Non Myeloid Leukaemia in Adults: Prognostic Factors in 92 Patients
Authors: Brun B. , Vernant J. P. , Tulliez M. , Kuentz M. , Deregnaucourt J. , Shultze L. , Reyes F. , Rochant H. , Dreyfus B. 
Published: August 2010

An analysis of prognostic factors was performed on a series of 92 adult patients with acute non‐myeloid leukaemia (ANML). Four factors were shown to be correlated with a poor short‐term prognosis: (1) Neuropathy involving a single cranial nerve (numbness of the chin) as a presenting feature. (2) A low percentage blast cell infiltration of bone marrow (> 55%). (3) Cytological L2 type or L3 type of cells according to FAB classification proposals. (4) Increased age.Two factors were shown to be correlated with a poor long‐term prognosis: 1) A high level of circulating blast cells; 2) A high tumour burden, as in childhood ANML. These two long‐term prognostic factors were interrelated. In addition, our results suggested that myelofibrosis could be a poor long‐term prognosis factor as well.