bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Being a parent and coping with cancer: Intervention development
Authors: Hasson-Ohayon Ilanit , Braun Michal 
Published: May 2011

AbstractObjective:Diagnosis of a parent's cancer has a profound influence on the parent, the children and the child–parent relationship, and puts all family members at risk for psychological distress. This article describes the development and the first attempts at implementation of an intervention aimed at helping people cope with difficulties arising from being both parents and cancer patients.Methods:Based on themes discussed in focus groups with parents coping with cancer and with professionals in the field, a four-module psychological intervention was developed. The modules are: Telling and Sharing, Children’ Responses, Routine and Changes, and Learning and Awareness as a Parent. The techniques used are mainly psycho-educational and cognitive–behavioral.Results:Preliminary experience showed this intervention to be more feasible as a one-day workshop than as a four-session intervention. Parents who participated in two workshops reported it to be helpful in empowering them as parents and in imparting learning tools for identifying their children's needs, as well as for communicating with their children.Significance of results:Intervention tailored specifically for parents coping with cancer can be relevant for their special needs. Research is needed to establish the effectiveness of this intervention.
Chemical reporters for fluorescent detection and identification of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins reveal glycosylation of the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1
Authors: Zaro Balyn W. , Yang Yu-Ying , Hang Howard C. , Pratt Matthew R. 
Published: May 2011

The dynamic modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins by the monosaccharide
N
-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) continues to emerge as an important regulator of many biological processes. Herein we describe the development of an alkynyl-modified GlcNAc analog (GlcNAlk) as a new chemical reporter of O-GlcNAc modification in living cells. This strategy is based on metabolic incorporation of reactive functionality into the GlcNAc biosynthetic pathway. When combined with the Cu(I)-catalyzed [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition, this chemical reporter allowed for the robust in-gel fluorescent visualization of O-GlcNAc and affinity enrichment and identification of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins. Using in-gel fluorescence detection, we characterized the metabolic fates of GlcNAlk and the previously reported azido analog, GlcNAz. We confirmed previous results that GlcNAz can be metabolically interconverted to GalNAz, whereas GlcNAlk does not, thereby yielding a more specific metabolic reporter of O-GlcNAc modification. We also used GlcNAlk, in combination with a biotin affinity tag, to identify 374 proteins, 279 of which were not previously reported, and we subsequently confirmed the enrichment of three previously uncharacterized proteins. Finally we confirmed the O-GlcNAc modification of the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1, the first reported glycosylation of this protein.
Raman scattering study of iodine intercalated bundles of single-wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Nguyen Van Minh , Kim Sung-Jin , Yang In-Sang 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
We present the results of Raman and field emission studies of the structural and physical features of iodine intercalated bundles of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). The periodicity of hexagonally closest-packed pristine nanotubes was destroyed by the intercalation of iodine molecules in interstitial sites of carbon nanotube bundles. The Raman spectra obtained using a 647.1 nm line of Kr-ion laser indicate that I
2 intercalation does affect the electronic state of metallic SWNTs of small diameters of ∼1.26 nm changing into the insulating state. The turn-on electric fields obtained from the I–V measurements for iodine intercalated SWNTs and pristine SWNTs were 2.43 and 3.41 V μm
−1, respectively, and iodine intercalated SWNTs show higher field emission than pristine SWNTs do.
Electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference shielding characteristics of multiwalled carbon nanotube filled polyurethane composite films
Authors: Hoang Anh Son 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were homogeneously dispersed in a pure polyurethane resin by grinding in a planetary ball mill. The structure and surface morphology of the MWCNTs and MWCNT/polyurethane composites were studied by filed emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods. The electrical conductivity at room temperature and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effectiveness (SE) of the composite films with different MWCNT loadings were investigated and the measurement of EMI SE was carried out in a frequency range of 8–12 GHz (X-band). The experimental results show that with a low MWCNT concentration the composite films could achieve a high conductivity and their EMI SE has a strong dependence on MWCNT content. For the composite films with 22 wt% of MWCNTs, the EMI SE attained an average value of 20 dB, so that the shielding effect reduced the penetrating power to 1%.
Synthesis and characterization of zinc-organic frameworks with 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid and azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid
Authors: Nguyen Van Hung , Nguyen Ngoc Phuong Thuy , Nguyen Thi Tuyet Nhung , Le Thi Thanh Thuy , Le Van Nghiem , Nguyen Quoc Chinh , Ton That Quang , Nguyen Thai Hoang , Nguyen Thi Phuong Thoa 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The solvothermal reactions of 1,4-bezenedicarboxylic acid (H
2
BDC) or azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid (H
2
ABD) with zinc ions/clusters lead to the formation of four crystalline materials. All of these compounds were characterized by x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis and nitrogen adsorption. Block-shaped crystals (BZ1) with various shapes and sizes were obtained at H
2
BDC:Zn mole ratio of 1:1 and H
2
BDC concentration of 0.1 M. At more dilute H
2
BDC concentration of 0.01 M and H
2
BDC:Zn mole ratio of 1 : 4, the reaction product was cubic crystals (BZ2) with a size of 250 μm. In the H
2
ABD system, flat-plate-like crystals (AZ1) were obtained at H
2
ABD:Zn mole ratio of 1 : 1 and H
2
ABD concentration of 0.01 M. Meanwhile, thick-block-like crystals (AZ2) were formed at the same H
2
ABD:Zn mole ratio but at 0.004 M H
2
ABD. The Langmuir surface area (S

Lang
) of the materials was remarkable, enhanced by diluting the reaction solution. For the compounds synthesized in N
,
N′-dimethylformamide (DMF), S

Lang
increased from 304.6 m
2
g
−1 for BZ1 to 2631 m
2
g
−1 for BZ2 and from 475.8 m
2
g
−1 for AZ1 to 3428 m
2
g
−1 for AZ2. Meanwhile, BZ2 synthesized in N
,
N′-diethylformamide (BZ2/DEF) got the highest S

Lang
of 4330 m
2
g
−1. Both AZ2 and BZ2 materials were stable up to 400 °C.
Covariant derivatives of the Berezin transform
Authors: Engliš Miroslav , Otáhalová Renata 
Published: May 2011

Improving upon recent results of Coburn, Xia, Li, Engliš and Zhang, Bommier-Hato, and others, we give estimates for higher-order covariant derivatives of the Berezin transform of bounded linear operators on a reproducing kernel Hilbert space of holomorphic functions. The answer turns out to involve the curvature of the Bergman-type metric associated to the reproducing kernel.
Circulating MicroRNA Is a Biomarker of Pediatric Crohn Disease
Authors: Zahm Adam M , Thayu Meena , Hand Nicholas J , Horner Amber , Leonard Mary B , Friedman Joshua R 
Published: May 2011

Objective:The gold standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of Crohn disease (CD) is endoscopy/colonoscopy, although this is invasive, costly, and associated with risks to the patient. Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising noninvasive biomarkers. Here, we examined the utility of serum miRNAs as biomarkers of CD in children.Patients and Methods:Studies were conducted using sera samples from patients with pediatric CD, healthy controls, and a comparison group of patients with pediatric celiac disease. Serum miRNA levels were explored initially using a microfluidic quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction array platform. Findings were subsequently validated using quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction in larger validation sample sets. The diagnostic utility of CD‐associated serum miRNA was examined using receiver operating characteristic analysis.Results:A survey of miRNA levels in the sera of control and patients with CD detected significant elevation of 24 miRNAs, 11 of which were chosen for further validation. All of the candidate biomarker miRNAs were confirmed in an independent CD sample set (n = 46). To explore the specificity of the CD‐associated miRNAs, they were measured in the sera of patients with celiac disease (n = 12); none were changed compared with healthy controls. Receiver operating characteristic analyses revealed that serum miRNAs have promising diagnostic utility, with sensitivities for CD above 80%. Significant decreases in serum miRNAs were observed in 24 incident patients with pediatric CD after 6 months of treatment.Conclusions:The present study identifies 11 CD‐associated serum miRNA with encouraging diagnostic potential. Our findings suggest serum miRNAs may prove useful as noninvasive biomarkers in CD.
Phloem-Specific Expression of Yang Cycle Genes and Identification of Novel Yang Cycle Enzymes inPlantagoandArabidopsis
Authors: Pommerrenig Benjamin , Feussner Kirstin , Zierer Wolfgang , Rabinovych Valentyna , Klebl Franz , Feussner Ivo , Sauer Norbert 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe 5-methylthioadenosine (MTA) or Yang cycle is a set of reactions that recycle MTA to Met. In plants, MTA is a byproduct of polyamine, ethylene, and nicotianamine biosynthesis. Vascular transcriptome analyses revealed phloem-specific expression of the Yang cycle gene 5-METHYLTHIORIBOSE KINASE1 (MTK1) in Plantago major and Arabidopsis thaliana. As Arabidopsis has only a single MTK gene, we hypothesized that the expression of other Yang cycle genes might also be vascular specific. Reporter gene studies and quantitative analyses of mRNA levels for all Yang cycle genes confirmed this hypothesis for Arabidopsis and Plantago. This includes the Yang cycle genes 5-METHYLTHIORIBOSE-1-PHOSPHATE ISOMERASE1 and DEHYDRATASE-ENOLASE-PHOSPHATASE-COMPLEX1. We show that these two enzymes are sufficient for the conversion of methylthioribose-1-phosphate to 1,2-dihydroxy-3-keto-5-methylthiopentene. In bacteria, fungi, and animals, the same conversion is catalyzed in three to four separate enzymatic steps. Furthermore, comparative analyses of vascular and nonvascular metabolites identified Met, S-adenosyl Met, and MTA preferentially or almost exclusively in the vascular tissue. Our data represent a comprehensive characterization of the Yang cycle in higher plants and demonstrate that the Yang cycle works primarily in the vasculature. Finally, expression analyses of polyamine biosynthetic genes suggest that the Yang cycle in leaves recycles MTA derived primarily from polyamine biosynthesis.
Two-Phase Resolution of Polyploidy in theArabidopsisMetabolic Network Gives Rise to Relative and Absolute Dosage Constraints
Authors: Bekaert Michaël , Edger Patrick P. , Pires J. Chris , Conant Gavin C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe abundance of detected ancient polyploids in extant genomes raises questions regarding evolution after whole-genome duplication (WGD). For instance, what rules govern the preservation or loss of the duplicated genes created by WGD? We explore this question by contrasting two possible preservation forces: selection on relative and absolute gene dosages. Constraints on the relative dosages of central network genes represent an important force for maintaining duplicates (the dosage balance hypothesis). However, preservation may also result from selection on the absolute abundance of certain gene products. The metabolic network of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is a powerful system for comparing these hypotheses. We analyzed the surviving WGD-produced duplicate genes in this network, finding evidence that the surviving duplicates from the most recent WGD (WGD-α) are clustered in the network, as predicted by the dosage balance hypothesis. A flux balance analysis suggests an association between the survival of duplicates from a more ancient WGD (WGD-β) and reactions with high metabolic flux. We argue for an interplay of relative and absolute dosage constraints, such that the relative constraints imposed by the recent WGD are still being resolved by evolution, while they have been essentially fully resolved for the ancient event.
The effects of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in healthy subjects of the plasminogen activator, lanoteplase
Authors: Vachharajani Nimish N. , Raymond Ralph H. , Shyu Wen‐Chyi , Stouffer Bruce C. , Boulton David W. 
Published: May 2011

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT• The pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the plasminogen activator lanoteplase have not been extensively characterized in specific populations and the need for dose adjustment on the basis of age and/or gender has not been established.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS• This paper is the first report of lanoteplase administered to healthy subjects in order to address its clinical use in these important specific populations. The results support the use of the same doses of lanoteplase in males and females and young and elderly patients.AIMS To investigate the influence of age and gender on the intravenous pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the plasminogen activator, lanoteplase.METHODS Forty healthy subjects (10 each of young males, elderly males, young females and elderly females) received a single bolus 10 kU kg−1 intravenous dose of lanoteplase. Plasma from blood serially collected for 24 h post‐dose was analyzed for lanoteplase (antigen), fibrinogen, plasminogen and α2‐antiplasmin concentrations, plasma plasminogen activation activity (PPAA) and rapid plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI‐1).RESULTS Lanoteplase mean total systemic clearance (CLt) values ranged from 1.9 to 2.8 l h−1 and mean steady‐state volume of distribution (Vss) values ranged from 12.3 to 15.6 l. Age‐by‐gender interactions were observed for lanoteplase CLt (P= 0.04), but no differences were observed for Vss or elimination half‐life. Elderly females had a 27% lower mean CLt than young females (95% CI for the difference 0.17, 1.27 l h−1) and 32% lower CLt than elderly males (95% CI for the difference 0.15, 1.65 l h−1). PPAA AUC/dose values did not show an age‐by‐gender interaction. Haemostasis parameters indicated only a slight degree of systemic plasminogen activation.CONCLUSIONS Elderly females had a lower mean lanoteplase CLt than elderly males and young females. However, no difference was observed between young and elderly females for the AUC/dose of PPAA. In addition, there were no age‐related or gender‐related differences observed in the other pharmacodynamic parameters measured.
Selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibiting antidepressants and the risk of overanticoagulation during acenocoumarol maintenance treatment
Authors: Teichert Martina , Visser Loes E. , Uitterlinden Andrė G. , Hofman Albert , Buhre Peter J. , Straus Sabine , De Smet Peter A. G. M. , Stricker Bruno HCh 
Published: May 2011

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT• Coumarin anticoagulants and selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been reported to cause bleeding. Combination of these drug groups might enhance this risk. Case reports showed an increase of prothrombin time for the combination of warfarin with fluvoxamine and fluoxetine. This has not yet been confirmed by population based studies.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS• Fluvoxamine and venlafaxine increased prothrombin time in users of acenocoumarol above a critical value which is associated with an increased bleeding risk. The other SSRIs had no influence on acenocoumarol effectiveness, however numbers of drug users were low. The combination of fluvoxamine and venlafaxine with acenocoumarol should be monitored by measurements of the international normalized ratio to avoid overanticoagulation.AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of co‐medication with selective serotonin re‐uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on overanticoagulation during acenocoumarol maintenance treatment.METHODS All subjects from The Rotterdam Study who received acenocoumarol maintenance treatment between April 1 1991 and September 9 2009 were followed for the event of an international normalized ratio (INR) ≥6, until death, end of treatment or end of the study period. With the Andersen‐Gill extension of the Cox proportional hazards model, risks for repeated events of overanticoagulation in relation to concomitant SSRI use were calculated.RESULTS The risk for overanticoagulation during acenocoumarol maintenance treatment was increased in combination with fluvoxamine (HR 2.63, 95% CI 1.49, 4.66) and venlafaxine (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.21, 3.99). There was no increase in risk for the other SSRIs, but numbers of exposed cases were low for all SSRIs except paroxetine.CONCLUSION Fluvoxamine and venlafaxine were associated with a more than double risk of INR values ≥6 in acenocoumarol treated subjects.
Recent advances in the understanding and management of MYH9‐related inherited thrombocytopenias
Authors: Balduini Carlo L. , Pecci Alessandro , Savoia Anna 
Published: May 2011

SummaryMYH9‐related disease (MYH9‐RD) is one of the most frequent forms of inherited thrombocytopenia. It is transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion and derives from mutations of MYH9, the gene for the heavy chain of non‐muscle myosin IIA. Patients present with congenital macrothrombocytopenia with mild bleeding tendency and may develop kidney dysfunction, deafness and cataracts later in life. The term MYH9‐RD encompasses four autosomal‐dominant thrombocytopenias that were previously described as distinct disorders, namely May‐Hegglin Anomaly, Sebastian, Fechtner and Epstein syndromes. Thrombocytopenia is usually mild and derives from complex defects of megakaryocyte maturation and platelet formation. It is easily diagnosed, in that the presence of giant platelets in peripheral blood raises the suspicion of MYH9‐RD and a simple immunofluorescence test on blood films confirms the diagnostic hypothesis. However, genotype/phenotype correlations have been recognized and mutation screening is therefore required to define the risk of acquiring extra‐haematological defects. Results of a small clinical study suggested that a non‐peptide thrombopoietin mimetic might greatly benefit both thrombocytopenia and bleeding tendency of MYH9‐RD patients.
Climate change and disease: bleaching of a chemically defended seaweed
Authors: CAMPBELL ALEXANDRA H. , HARDER TILMANN , NIELSEN SHAUN , KJELLEBERG STAFFAN , STEINBERG PETER D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDisease is emerging as an important impact of global climate change, due to the effects of environmental change on host organisms and their pathogens. Climate‐mediated disease can have severe consequences in natural systems, particularly when ecosystem engineers, such as habitat‐formers or top predators are affected, as any impacts can cascade throughout entire food webs. In temperate marine ecosystems, seaweeds are the dominant habitat‐formers on rocky reefs. We investigated a putative bleaching disease affectingDelisea pulchra, a chemically defended seaweed that occurs within a global warming ‘hot‐spot’ and assessed how patterns of this phenomenon were influenced by ocean temperature, solar radiation, algal chemical defences and microbial pathogens. Warmer waters were consistently and positively correlated with higher frequencies of bleaching in seaweed populations, but patterns of bleaching were not consistently influenced by light levels. Bleached thalli had low levels of antibacterial chemical defences relative to healthy conspecifics and this was observed across entire thalli of partially bleached algae. Microbial communities associated with bleached algae were distinct from those on the surfaces of healthy seaweeds. Direct testing of the importance of algal chemical defences, done here for the first time in the field, demonstrated that they protected the seaweed from bleaching. Treatment of algal thalli with antibiotics reduced the severity of bleaching in experimental algae, especially at high water temperatures. These results indicate that bleaching inD. pulchrais the result of temperature‐mediated bacterial infections and highlight the potential for warming to influence disease dynamics by stressing hosts. Understanding the complex ways in which global change may affect important organisms such as habitat‐forming seaweeds, is essential for the management and conservation of natural resources.
Recovery of aroma compounds from Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar by supercritical fluid extraction
Authors: Lu Zhen‐Ming , Xu Wei , Yu Ning‐Hua , Zhou Tu , Li Guo‐Quan , Shi Jing‐Song , Xu Zheng‐Hong 
Published: May 2011

SummaryZhenjiang aromatic vinegar, which is produced from sticky rice through solid‐state fermentation, is highly prized as one of the four famous China‐style vinegars, owing to its unique flavour. In this study, a method of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was used for the first time to recover aroma compounds from Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar. For this purpose, the optimal conditions for the extraction of aroma compounds by SFE were determined as follows: CO2 flow rate, 25 L h−1; extraction time, 2 h; extraction pressure, 35 MPa; and extraction temperature, 323 K. Using headspace solid‐phase microextraction‐gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (HS‐SPME‐GC‐MS) analysis, a total of 49 and 44 aroma compounds were identified in Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar and its SFE extract, respectively. Acetic acid, ethyl acetate, furfural, phenethyl alcohol, tetramethyl‐pyrazine, 3‐hydroxybutanone and benzaldehyde were the main aroma compounds in the vinegar and its SFE extract. SFE is a fast and sensitive method to recovery aroma compounds from the vinegar.
Comparison of digestion and solid sampling techniques for the determination of Pb and Cu in blackpepper
Authors: Baysal Asli , Akman Suleyman 
Published: May 2011

SummaryCopper and lead in blackpepper samples were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using microwave‐assisted digestion and direct solid sampling technique. At first, the samples were dissolved by microwave‐assisted digestion method and directly pipetted into the graphite furnace for digestion technique. Secondly, the powdered samples were directly analysed by solid sampling technique. The experimental parameters were optimised for the two techniques. The two of the methods were applied for determination of copper and lead in pepper samples obtained commercially from markets in Istanbul, Turkey and results were statistically evaluated and compared. The limits of detections for microwave digestion and solid sampling techniques were 0.3 and 0.4 ng g−1, for lead, and 5.1 and 11.3 ng g−1, for copper, respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of the two sampling methods were discussed.