bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse childhood experiences of persons at risk for Huntington's disease or BRCA1/2 hereditary breast/ovarian cancer
Authors: van der Meer LB , van Duijn E , Wolterbeek R , Tibben A 
Published: September 2011

Van der Meer LB, van Duijn E, Wolterbeek R, Tibben A. Adverse childhood experiences of persons at risk for Huntington's disease or BRCA1/2 hereditary breast/ovarian cancer.Huntington's disease (HD) is known to have a negative impact on family life. Offspring of HD patients may be exposed to adversity in childhood because of the parent's disease and its psychological consequences. BRCA1/2 hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (BRCA1/2) increases the risk for offspring of being exposed to parental disease or loss. Childhood adversity is associated with psychopathology and various other problems in later life. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) before age 16 were assessed in adults at 50% risk for HD (n = 74) or BRCA1/2 (n = 82) and in controls (n = 101), using the Negative Life Events Scale. Mean number and occurrence of ACEs were compared between groups. The odds of having experienced adversity in childhood were higher in HD offspring and BRCA1/2 offspring than in controls. HD offspring reported a higher mean number of ACEs than controls or BRCA1/2 offspring. In HD offspring, the prevalence of parental disease and parental dysfunction experienced before age 16 was higher than in controls. In BRCA1/2 offspring, the prevalence of parental loss before age 16 was higher than in controls. This study indicates that 53% of HD offspring and 45% of BRCA1/2 offspring are exposed to adversity in childhood or adolescence. The relevance of these findings for counseling in predictive testing programs, reproductive decision‐making, and child rearing matters is discussed.
The outcome of donor screening for Human T‐Cell Lymphotropic Virus infection in the Netherlands
Authors: Prinsze F. J. , Zaaijer H. L. 
Published: September 2011

Background and Objectives  Blood donor screening reduces the infectious hazards related to blood transfusion, but the range of agents to be screened for is debatable. In 1993, the screening of all blood donations for Human T‐Cell Lymphotropic virus (HTLV) was introduced in the Netherlands. We analysed the outcome and costs of HTLV donor screening.Methods  For the years 2001–2010, the number of HTLV infections among new and regular donors was used to estimate the prevented number of HTLV‐infected donors in the donor pool and the amount of morbidity prevented among recipients.Results  Human T‐Cell Lymphotropic virus screening in the Netherlands detects per year on average 1·4 infected new donors and 0·5 infected regular donors. The prevalence among new donors is 30 times higher than the incidence among regular donors. Without HTLV screening, 14 HTLV‐infected donors would be donating blood, causing 0·8 to 0·007 cases of HTLV disease per year.Conclusion  The lack of accurate estimators for infectivity and pathogenicity hampers the estimation of morbidity and mortality that HTLV‐infected transfusions would cause. Leucodepletion may be as effective as HTLV donor screening; its effect on HTLV transmission should be studied.
Seasonal Changes in the Histochemical Properties of the Olfactory Epithelium and Vomeronasal Organ in the Japanese Striped Snake, Elaphe quadrivirgata
Authors: Kondoh D. , Yamamoto Y. , Nakamuta N. , Taniguchi K. , Taniguchi K. 
Published: September 2011

With 5 figures and 5 tablesSummarySeasonal changes in the histochemical properties of the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia of the Japanese striped snake were examined in four seasons, viz. the reproductive, pre‐hibernating, hibernating and post‐hibernating seasons. In the vomeronasal and olfactory supporting cells, secretory granules were much more abundant in the hibernating season than in the other seasons. In the vomeronasal and olfactory receptor cells, the lipofuscin granules were much fewer in the post‐hibernating season than in the other seasons. In histochemical studies with 21 lectins, several lectins stained the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia (receptor cells, supporting cells and free border) more weakly in the hibernating season than in the reproductive season. However, all lectins stained both epithelia in the hibernating season after sialic acid removal in a similar manner as in the reproductive season after sialic acid removal. These lectin histochemical studies indicate that sialic acid residues in the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia are more numerous in the hibernating season than in the reproductive season. The results suggest that during hibernation, the vomeronasal and olfactory receptor cells possibly undergo rapid cell turnover, and that during this time, the vomeronasal and olfactory epithelia are securely protected from pathogens by an innate immune defence system.
QTL mapping of coleorhiza length in maize (Zea mays L.) under two germination environmental conditions
Authors: Jiang Xuwen , Tian Baohua , Zhang Weimin , Wang Guoying , Wang Jianhua 
Published: September 2011

With 2 figures and 3 tablesAbstractIn our present study, using molecular marker technology, we aimed to identify the genetic factors controlling the length of coleorhiza during seed germination based on a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from Xinzi517 × B73. The genetic linkage map was constructed with 255 simple sequence repeat markers, which covered 2399 cM of maize genome with an average mapping distance of 9.4 cM. We detected a total of 10 putative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) using composite interval mapping, among which six QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 7 and 9 (10°C, 28 day), whereas four QTLs were detected on chromosomes 1, 2, 3 and 9 (25°C, 7 day). The percentage of phenotypic variance (R2) explained by QTL ranged from 5.18 to 16.67 (10°C, 28 day) and 6.73–11.46 (25°C, 7 day), respectively. These results provided the foundation for detecting additional QTL and discovering more favourable alleles for high vigour seed of maize in future study.
Identification of silverleaf whitefly resistance in pepper
Authors: Firdaus Syarifin , Van Heusden Adriaan , Harpenas Asep , Supena Ence D. J. , Visser Richard G. F. , Vosman Ben 
Published: September 2011

With 4 tablesAbstractWhitefly is economically one of the most threatening pests of pepper worldwide, which is mainly caused by its ability to transmit many different viruses. In this research, we characterized pepper germplasm to identify whitefly‐resistant accessions that will form the basis for future resistance breeding. Forty‐four pepper accessions representing four species (Capsicum annuum, C. frutescens, C. chinense, C. baccatum) were screened for resistance to whiteflies. Screening parameters were adult survival (AS) and oviposition rate (OR) in a no‐choice test and whitefly, egg and nymphal density in free‐choice tests. To combine parameters in free‐choice tests, a plant resistance value was calculated. The results show that AS and OR were significantly different among accessions and were positively correlated, which was also the case for the parameters in the free‐choice tests. Accessions identified as highly resistant in no‐choice and free‐choice tests generally were C. annuum. Whitefly density and OR correlated positively with trichome density and negatively with cuticle thickness of leaves.
Paroxetine controlled‐release formulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study in Japan and Korea
Authors: Higuchi Teruhiko , Hong Jin Pyo , Jung Hee‐Yeon , Watanabe Yoshinori , Kunitomi Taro , Kamijima Kunitoshi 
Published: September 2011

Aim:  The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of paroxetine controlled‐release (CR) formulation compared to placebo. A secondary objective was to test the hypothesis that the CR decreases selective‐serotonin‐reuptake‐inhibitors‐induced nausea as its formulation allows more distal gastrointestinal absorption than the paroxetine immediate‐release (IR) formulation.Methods:  We conducted this study in Japanese and Korean patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) in order to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of paroxetine CR compared with placebo. The primary efficacy end‐point was the adjusted mean change from baseline in the 17‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression total score at Week 8.Results:  A total of 416 patients with MDD were randomly assigned to the CR, IR and placebo groups. The mean change from baseline in the 17‐item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was −12.8 in the CR group, −12.5 in the IR group, and −10.4 in the placebo group, which showed a statistically significant difference compared to placebo in CR (P < 0.001) and IR (P = 0.015). The incidence of adverse events was 65% in CR, 69% in IR and 55% in placebo. The adverse events were mostly mild or moderate in severity. In the early treatment period, when initiated from 12.5 mg, the incidence of nausea in the CR group was 6%, which was comparable with that of placebo (5%).Conclusion:  Paroxetine CR is efficacious in the acute treatment of MDD and may have the potential benefit of decreasing the incidence of nausea in the early treatment period.
Novel molecular imaging in lung and pleural diseases
Authors: FRANCIS ROSLYN , SEGARD TATIANA , MORANDEAU LAURENCE 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTMolecular imaging provides an opportunity to study biological processes in vivo. Specific molecular ‘probes’ are labelled with radioactive tracers, and imaging is carried out using either PET or gamma‐cameras. The imaging is quantitative, and therefore the activity of a specific biological process (e.g. metabolism or proliferation) can be numerically assessed, which may be important for prognosis or therapy monitoring. The use of molecular imaging may lead to the development of a ‘molecular profile’ of a disease, therefore facilitating individualization of therapy and rational treatment approaches. This review article summarizes the most commonly used molecular imaging agents and their role in lung and pleural diseases. This is a rapidly developing field as new targets and imaging probes are being developed and as their clinical roles are being established.
The effect of inorganic particle concentration on bacteria–virus–nanoflagellate dynamics
Authors: Salter Ian , Böttjer Daniela , Christaki Urania 
Published: September 2011

SummaryThe effect of inorganic particle concentrations on bacteria–virus–nanoflagellate dynamics in an oligotrophic coastal system was investigated using a model aluminosilicate, kaolinite, with a modal size of 2.1 µm. Virus‐only, bacteria‐only and bacteria–virus–nanoflagellate incubations were carried out at increasing kaolinite concentrations to elucidate the microbial response. The sorption of bacteria and viruses to kaolinite particles was negligible over a concentration range of 1–50 mg l−1. In contrast, the abundance of heterotrophic nanoflagellates was negatively correlated with kaolinite concentrations following both 48 and 96 h incubations. Calculated nanoflagellate bacterial ingestion rates were reduced by 5–35% depending on kaolinite particle concentration. In the bacteria–virus–nanoflagellate incubations viral production increased by 56 × 103 to 104 × 103 VLPs ml−1 h−1 as a function of kaolinite particle concentration. Our results demonstrate for the first time that the interaction of microbial populations with inorganic particles can shift the balance between protist and virally mediated mortality of marine heterotrophic prokaryotes.
Accurate analysis of prevalence of coccidiosis in individually identified wild cranes in inhabiting and migrating populations in Japan
Authors: Honma Hajime , Suyama Yoshihisa , Watanabe Yuki , Matsumoto Fumio , Nakai Yutaka 
Published: September 2011

SummaryEimeria gruis and E. reichenowi cause coccidiosis, a major parasitic disease of cranes. By non‐invasive molecular approaches, we investigated the prevalence and genetic characterization of pathogens in two Japanese crane habitats; one is Hokkaido inhabited by the endangered red‐crowned crane, and the other is Izumi in Kyushu where populations that consist mainly of vulnerable hooded and white‐naped cranes migrate in winter. The non‐invasively collected faecal samples from each wintering population were first subjected to host genomic DNA‐targeted analyses to determine the sample origin and avoid sample redundancy. Extremely high prevalence was observed in the Izumi populations (> 90%) compared with the Hokkaido population (18–30%) by examining 470 specimens by microscopy and PCR‐based capillary electrophoresis (PCR‐CE), using genetic markers in the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2). Correspondence analysis of PCR‐CE data revealed differences in community composition of coccidia between hooded and white‐naped cranes. 18S rRNA and ITS2 sequences were determined from single oocysts excreted by red‐crowned and hooded cranes. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA suggested that E. reichenowi was polyphyletic while E. gruis was monophyletic. Together with PCR‐CE data, these results indicate different host specificity among the E. reichenowi type. Our data suggest that E. reichenowi comprises multiple species.
Relationships between baroreceptor cardiac reflex sensitivity and cognitive performance: Modulations by gender and blood pressure
Authors: Reyes Del Paso Gustavo A. , Mata José luis , Martín‐Vázquez María 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis study aimed at replicating and extending previous results on the association between baroreceptor reflex sensitivity (BRS) and cognitive performance. Thirty men and 31 women performed an arithmetic task. After adjusting for numerical aptitude and effort, no predictors of performance were found in men. In women, the relationships between BRS and parameters related to correct responses were modulated by blood pressure (BP). BRS was inversely associated with these parameters for participants with BP>1 SD above the mean, whereas the associations were positive in participants with BP<1 SD below the mean. Also for women, BRS was positively associated with number of errors during the task. These results suggest that the relation between BRS and performance varies as a function of the type of cognitive processes assessed and that the central nervous system effects of the baroreceptors on cognitive functioning are modulated by gender and BP.
Planning of visually guided reach‐to‐grasp movements: Inference from reaction time and contingent negative variation (CNV)
Authors: Zaepffel Manuel , Brochier Thomas 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe performed electroencephalogram (EEG) recording in a precuing task to investigate the planning processes of reach‐to‐grasp movements in human. In this reaction time (RT) task, subjects had to reach, grasp, and pull an object as fast as possible after a visual GO signal. We manipulated two parameters: the hand shape for grasping (precision grip or side grip) and the force required to pull the object (high or low). Three seconds before the GO onset, a cue provided advance information about force, grip, both parameters, or no information at all. EEG data show that reach‐to‐grasp movements generate differences in the topographic distribution of the late Contingent Negative Variation (ICNV) amplitude between the 4 precuing conditions. Along with RT data, it confirms that two distinct functional networks are involved with different time courses in the planning of grip and force. Finally, we outline the composite nature of the lCNV that might reflect both high‐ and low‐level planning processes.
The role of presleep negative emotion in sleep physiology
Authors: Vandekerckhove M. , Weiss R. , Schotte C. , Exadaktylos V. , Haex B. , Verbraecken J. , Cluydts R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractAlthough daytime emotional stressful events are often presumed to cause sleep disturbances, the few studies of stressful life events on sleep physiology have resulted in various and contradictory findings. As research has focused in particular on stress in itself, the present study is the first to investigate the effect using polysomnography (PSG). Results indicate a significant increase in sleep fragmentation, as expressed by decreased sleep efficiency, total sleep time, percentage of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and an increased wake after sleep onset latency, total time awake, latency to SWS, number of awakenings and number of awakenings from REM sleep. The results demonstrate that negative emotion correlates with enhanced sleep fragmentation helping us to understand why sleep patterns change and how sleep disturbances may develop.
The effect of an antenatal physical exercise programme on maternal/perinatal outcomes and quality of life in overweight and obese pregnant women: a randomised clinical trial
Authors: Nascimento SL , Surita FG , Parpinelli MÂ , Siani S , Pinto e Silva JL 
Published: September 2011

Please cite this paper as: Nascimento S, Surita F, Parpinelli M, Siani S, Pinto e Silva J. The effect of an antenatal physical exercise programme on maternal/perinatal outcomes and quality of life in overweight and obese pregnant women: a randomised clinical trial. BJOG 2011;118:1455–1463.Objective  To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of physical exercise in terms of maternal/perinatal outcomes and the perception of quality of life (QoL) in pregnant obese and overweight women.Design  A randomised controlled clinical trial.Setting  The Prenatal Outpatient Clinic of the Women’s Integral Healthcare Centre (CAISM‐UNICAMP) at the University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.Population  Eighty‐two pregnant women (age ≥ 18 years; pre‐gestational body mass index ≥ 26 kg/m2; gestational age 14–24 weeks).Methods  Women were randomised into two groups: women in one group exercised under supervision and received home exercise counselling (the ‘study group’; n = 40) and women in the other group followed the routine prenatal care programme (the ‘control group’; n = 42).Main outcome measures  Primary outcomes were gestational weight gain during the programme and excessive maternal weight gain. Secondary outcomes were increased arterial blood pressure, perinatal outcomes and QoL (WHOQOL‐BREF).Results  In the study group, 47% of pregnant women had weight gains above the recommended limit, compared with 57% of women in the control group (P = 0.43). There was no difference in gestational weight gain between the groups. Overweight pregnant women who exercised gained less weight during the entire pregnancy (10.0 ± 1.7 kg versus 16.4 ± 3.9 kg, respectively; P = 0.001) and after entry into the study (5.9 ± 4.3 kg versus 11.9 ± 1.5 kg, respectively; P = 0.021) compared with women in the control group. Arterial blood pressure was similar between the groups over time. There was no difference in perinatal outcome or QoL.Conclusions  The exercise programme was not associated with control of gestational weight gain in our sample as a whole, but was beneficial for lower gestational weight gain in overweight women. Exercise was not associated with adverse perinatal outcomes and did not affect variation in arterial blood pressure or the perception of QoL.
Can visual cervical screening be sustained in routine health services? Experience from Mali, Africa
Authors: Teguete I , Muwonge R , Traore CB , Dolo A , Bayo S , Sankaranarayanan R 
Published: September 2011

Please cite this paper as: Teguete I, Muwonge R, Traore C, Dolo A, Bayo S, Sankaranarayanan R. Can visual cervical screening be sustained in routine health services? Experience from Mali, Africa. BJOG 2012;119:220–226.Objective  To assess the feasibility of sustaining visual cervical screening and treatment services in Mali, and to evaluate their performance and impact in improving the provision of cervical cancer control, following an initial cross‐sectional study.Design  Descriptive study.Setting  Bamako area, Mali.Population  Women aged 30–59 years.Methods  Routine visual screening and treatment services were organised through two hospitals and 14 health centres. Patients with positive visual screening tests underwent colposcopy and/or directed biopsies, and ablative or surgical excision treatment was offered to those with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).Main outcome measures  Test positivity, detection and treatment rates for CIN and the sustainability of screening services.Results  Of the 14 141 women screened, 1682 (11.9%) were positive and were referred for further investigations and treatment. Over 75% of the screen‐positive women underwent colposcopy and/or biopsy. CIN 1 was detected in 383 women, CIN 2 in 88, CIN 3 in 37 and invasive cervical cancer in 497. More than 80% of women with CIN and 35% of those with invasive cancer received treatment. The test performance characteristics and treatment coverage of routine screening were similar to those observed in the preceding cross‐sectional study.Conclusion  Visual screening and treatment services are sustainable and effective in improving cervical cancer control provision by health services in Bamako, Mali. It is essential to organise and sustain several point‐of‐care services in order to extend cervical cancer prevention in low‐income African countries.
Retinoic acid influences neuronal migration from the ganglionic eminence to the cerebral cortex
Authors: Crandall James E. , Goodman Timothy , McCarthy Deirdre M. , Duester Gregg , Bhide Pradeep G. , Dräger Ursula C. , McCaffery Peter 
Published: September 2011

J. Neurochem. (2011) 119, 723–735.AbstractThe ganglionic eminence contributes cells to several forebrain structures including the cerebral cortex, for which it provides GABAergic interneurons. Migration of neuronal precursors from the retinoic‐acid rich embryonic ganglionic eminence to the cerebral cortex is known to be regulated by several factors, but retinoic acid has not been previously implicated. We found retinoic acid to potently inhibit cell migration in slice preparations of embryonic mouse forebrains, which was reversed by an antagonist of the dopamine‐D2 receptor, whose gene is transcriptionally regulated by retinoic acid. Histone‐deacetylase inhibitors, which amplify nuclear receptor‐mediated transcription, potentiated the inhibitory effect of retinoic acid. Surprisingly, when retinoic acid signalling was completely blocked with a pan‐retinoic acid receptor antagonist, this also decreased cell migration into the cortex, implying that a minimal level of endogenous retinoic acid is necessary for tangential migration. Given these opposing effects of retinoic acid in vitro, the in vivo contribution of retinoic acid to migration was tested by counting GABAergic interneurons in cortices of adult mice with experimental reductions in retinoic acid signalling: a range of perturbations resulted in significant reductions in the numerical density of some GABAergic interneuron subpopulations. These observations suggest functions of retinoic acid in interneuron diversity and organization of cortical excitatory–inhibitory balance.