bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reporting Complete Chloroplast Genome of Endangered Red Mulberry Useful for Understanding Hybridization and Phylogenetic Relationships
Authors: Adhikari Bibek , Parajuli Sanam , Nepal Madhav P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introgressive hybridization of the North American native red mulberry (Morus rubra) with its invasive congener white mulberry (Morus alba) has severely threatened the genetic integrity of M. rubra, which is primarily found in pristine riparian forests. The major objectives of the present study were 1) to sequence, assemble, and annotate the complete chloroplast (cp) genome of M. rubra, and 2) to perform phylogenomic analyses of Morus species to assess their evolutionary history and hybridization events within the genus. We sampled 45 mulberry trees representing populations from eight US states for cp genome sequencing. We found that the cp genome of M. rubra ranged from 159,396 to 159,423 bp and contained 128 genes coding for eight rRNAs, 37 tRNAs, and 83 proteins. The cp genome of M. rubra was at least 103 bp larger than that of M. alba. The cpDNA sequence polymorphism analysis of M. rubra showed the presence of 12 haplotypes. The cp genome analysis across 12 Morus species identified trnK-UUU-rps16, psbI-trnG-UCC, psbC-psbZ, psbZ-trnM-CAU, rps4-trnT-UGU, trnT-UGU-trnL-UAA, ndhC-trnV-UAC, psbE-petL, clpP1, ndhF-rpl32, rpl32-trnL-UAG, and ccsA-ndhDas having higher DNA polymorphism (Pi > 0.01), making them candidate species-specific markers. Phylogenomic analysis of the 12 Morus species revealed distinct clades for Asian, North American, South American, and African Morus, supporting the monophyly of the genus. Divergence time analysis showed the most common ancestor of the genus Morus diverged 38.67 million years ago (MYA), separating the African clade of M. mesozygia and M. insignis from the others, while the American and Asian clades diverged 28.63 MYA. The results from this study provide insights into the cp genome structure of M. rubra, offering foundational data for addressing complex taxonomic complexities within the genus and for developing molecular markers to study population genetics, including introgressive hybridization.
The dramatic transition of the extreme Red Supergiant WOH G64 to a Yellow Hypergiant
Authors: Munoz-Sanchez Gonzalo , Kalitsounaki Maria , de Wit Stephan , Antoniadis Kostantinos , Bonanos Alceste , Zapartas Emmanouil , Boutsia Konstantina , Christodoulou Evangelia , Maravelias Grigoris , Soszyński Igor , Udalski Andrzej 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Red Supergiants (RSGs) are cool, evolved massive stars in their final evolutionary stage before exploding as a supernova [1, 2]. However, the evolution and fate of the most luminous RSGs is uncertain. Observational evidence for luminous warm, post-RSG objects [3] and the lack of luminous RSGs as supernova progenitors [4] suggest a blueward evolution. Since the 1980s, WOH G64 has been considered the most extreme RSG in the Large Magellanic Cloud given its outstanding size, luminosity, and mass-loss rate [5–7]. Here we report a sudden, yet smooth change in its nature. Time-series photometry and subsequent spectroscopy revealed the most extreme transition ever seen in the optical spectral features of a RSG. We discovered that WOH G64 is a rare, massive symbiotic system formed by a RSG, which transitioned to a Yellow Hypergiant, and a B-star companion. The dramatic transition can be explained by: a) binary interactions partially stripping the envelope, b) the return of WOH G64 to a quiescent state after an outstanding eruption exceeding 30 years, and c) the expulsion of its outer layers due to a pre-supernova superwind phase, indicating its imminent explosion. WOH G64 offers a unique opportunity to witness stellar evolution in real-time, providing crucial clues for the final phases of massive stars and their resulting supernovae.
Impact of the WHO's QualityRights Training on Promoting Knowledge of Human Rights for People with Mental Disorders among Brazilian Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Mion Ana Beatriz Zanardo , de Brito Emanuele Seicenti , Reis Igor de Oliveira , Ventura Carla Aparecida Arena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background: Studies conducted worldwide have employed QualityRights training modules, which have shown promising results in improving the understanding of the human rights of people with mental disorders. This study aims to investigate the impact of QualityRights core training on promoting healthcare professionals' knowledge of the human rights of individuals with mental disorders and to assess whether the training can reduce the stigma associated with mental disorders among these professionals.
Methods: A quasiexperimental study was conducted with 26 healthcare professionals from the Family Health Strategy in Brazil, including physicians, nurses, pharmacists, and community health workers. The participants completed questionnaires before and after the training to assess changes in their knowledge and attitudes via a Likert scale. The results were statistically analyzed via paired t tests and multiple linear regression with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software.
Results: Statistically significant reductions were observed in five items of the QualityRights scale (Pre 2.92 × Post 1.71, p=0.006; Pre 3.21 × Post 2.49, p=0.042; Pre 3.07 × Post 2.28, p=0.016; Pre 2.93 × Post 2.21, p=0.026; Pre 3.50 × Post 2.64, p=0.028). The overall scale score decreased from 27.3 to 21.3 (p=0.022). A longer duration of training (more years of education) was correlated with a greater reduction in the scale score (p=0.015).
Conclusions: WHO QualityRights training had a positive effect on the knowledge and practices of Brazilian healthcare professionals, successfully improving their understanding of human rights in mental health and reducing stigma. Further research, including long-term follow-up, is necessary to ensure sustained improvements and expand training to different healthcare contexts.
Unanchored K63-linked polyubiquitin chains: a novel second messenger involved in G protein-coupled receptors early signaling events
Authors: Servant Marc , Doyon Priscilla , El-Mortada Mohamad-Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

GPCR rapidly transduced extracellular cues via their ability to activate effector proteins leading to the production of a variety of well-characterized second messenger molecules. We describe here that the E3 ubiquitin ligase tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) is required for the rapid and transient production of unanchored lysine (K)63-linked polyubiquitin chains in primary and transformed cells exposed to vasoactive agonists Angiotensin II (Ang II), Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and Thrombin (Thr). We further show that unanchored K63-linked polyubiquitin chains accumulate in Transforming Growth Factor β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and IkappaB kinase beta (IKKβ) immunocomplexes and are required for the T-loop phosphorylation of TAK1 leading to IKKβ, c- Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38) phosphorylation and the induction of transcriptional events. Our results support a novel paradigm in field of GPCR signal transduction, identifying unanchored K63-linked polyubiquitin chains as novel second messenger molecules.
Selecting Appropriate Clinical Trial Endpoints for Geroscience Trials: A Path Towards Consensus
Authors: Kritchevsky Stephen , Zamora Ezequiel , Bhasin Shalender , Cohen Alan , Chandler Allison , Covinsky Kevin , Crane Heidi , Cummings Steven , Erlandson Kristine , Espeland Mark , Espinoza Sara , Ferrucci Luigi , Fleming Alexander , Forman Daniel , LaCroix-Fralish Michael , Gonzales Mitzi , Justice Jamie , Kiel Douglas , Kuchel George , Mannick Joan , Menetski Joseph , Miller Michael , Musi Nicolas , Newman Anne , Newman John , Owens Sarah Simpson , Pandey Ambarish , Reilly Kandice , Sedrak Mina , Wagner John , Whitson Heather , Williamson Jeff 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Using a modified Delphi process, we engaged 28 experts in clinical trials, geriatrics, and research translation to determine if there were consensus around what clinical endpoints should be used for trials evaluating the efficacy of interventions to prevent or treat multiple age-related conditions. Four focus groups developed themes. Statements related to those themes were circulated back to participants in a survey. There was consensus (more than 66% agreed or disagreed) that outcome measures should include multiple health dimensions including-age-related disease, function and patient reported outcomes that reflect participants goals; and be tailored to population characteristics. Experts felt that blood-based biomarkers would be unlikely to be accepted as primary endpoints of efficacy trials. Plausible components mentioned as part of a composite endpoint included mortality, mobility function and the onset of multiple age-related diseases. Our findings provide guidance on acceptable approaches to endpoint selection guiding the design of future geroscience trials.
Anti-corruption, Investment and Economic Growth：An Analysis of provincial data from China
Authors: Huang Huiteng , Niu Zhaohui 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

This paper investigates the impact of anti-corruption efforts on economic growth in China, emphasizing the role of investment. The analysis is based on provincial-level data and utilizes panel fixed-effect models, panel threshold models, and spatial panel models. The findings indicate that: First, anti-corruption measures significantly boost economic growth by enhancing investment. Second, the impact is more pronounced on enterprise investment than infrastructure investment, and it affects state-owned enterprises more significantly than non-state-owned ones. Third, a threshold effect is observed wherein regions with more rigorous anti-corruption enforcement experience greater economic benefits. Finally, anti-corruption initiatives could enhance economic and investment growth in neighboring regions through spatial spillover effects. These results emphasize the critical role of anti-corruption initiatives in creating a favorable environment for economic development and investment in China.
JEL codes: H83, H50, O10, O40, O53, P35
Novel ATXN10 repeat motif patterns in Peruvian families modify disease age at onset
Authors: Sedov Kamilla , Manrique-Enciso Carla , Yang Madison James , Araujo-Aliaga Ismael , Dolzhenko Egor , Kalla Samantha , Kingan Sarah , Sarapura-Castro Elison , Rivera-Valdivia Andrea , Illanes-Manrique Maryenela , Cornejo-Olivas Mario , Schuele Birgitt 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 10 (SCA10) is an autosomal-dominant disorder caused by large intronic expansions of pentanucleotide repeats in the ATXN10 gene. While various repeat motifs have been described, emerging evidence suggests that specific repeat motifs—rather than merely repeat length alone—can significantly modify disease features such as seizure prevalence and penetrance.
Methods: We employed a novel multiplex 20-gene panel with Cas9-targeted, amplification-free long-read sequencing and optical genome mapping to elucidate ATXN10 repeat motif patterns and investigate potential genotype-phenotype correlations in index cases of six clinically well-characterized multigenerational SCA10 kindreds from Peru.
Results: We detected ATXN10 repeat expansions ranging from 990 to 2002 pentanucleotide repeats (4.9 to 10 kb expansions) across six families. Importantly, we identified three mixed repeat motif patterns and ratios of (ATTCT)ₙ(ATTCC)ₙ, which were associated with differences in age at disease onset and anticipation.
Discussion: Specific ATXN10 repeat motif patterns and (ATTCT)n(ATTCC)n motif ratios may serve as modifiers of SCA10 age at onset rather than repeat length. ATXN10 repeat composition can only be fully resolved with long-read sequencing and makes it a fundamental diagnostic for clinical practice and genetic counseling. These findings underscore the need to adapt long-read sequencing clinical workflows to fully characterize large repeat expansions at the nucleotide level.
Mathematical modeling and optimization study of urban breezeway planning
Authors: JunTao-Zheng  , Shaobin-Huang  
Published: February 2025

Abstract

With the acceleration of urbanization, the heat island effect has become a major problem affecting the urban environment and residents' quality of life. Reasonable breezeway planning is considered an important means to mitigate the heat island effect. Based on the building layout and meteorological data of a city, this paper establishes a mathematical model of breezeway planning by combining the principle of fluid dynamics and optimization algorithm. The study first constructs a hydrodynamic model of wind speed distribution through data collection and preprocessing, and proposes a model of breezeway based on optimization design. Then, the impact of different building layouts on wind speed and ventilation effect is analyzed through simulation, and the design scheme of the breezeway is optimized. The study shows that the reasonable design of breezeways can significantly improve the urban ventilation efficiency and effectively mitigate the heat island effect. Finally, the case study evaluates the application effect of the optimized scheme in the actual city and puts forward suggestions for future urban planning. The research in this paper provides mathematical model support for the construction of green cities, and offers new ideas for urban environment optimization and climate adaptation.
Minimum inhibitory concentrations increase in Clostridioides difficile isolates from patients with recurrence: results from a retrospective single-centre cohort study
Authors: Valsecchi Pietro , Asperges Erika , Corbella Marta , Banfi Greta , Maffezzoni Marcello , Amarasinghe Nicolò , Drago Roberta , Virga Flavia , Costanzo Filippo , Calabretta Francesca , Sacchi Paolo , Cambieri Patrizia , Sabatino Antonio Di , Baldanti Fausto , Bruno Raffaele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
While antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) isn’t routinely performed for C. difficile infection (CDI), reports of antimicrobial resistance have increased in surveillance studies. The aim of this study was to assess the rate of antimicrobial resistance to four antimicrobials (vancomycin, metronidazole, tigecycline and ciprofloxacin), to assess risk factors for antimicrobial resistance and to evaluate MIC variation in patients with recurrence.
Methods
Data from consecutive patients with CDI admitted to our Istitution between the 1st of January 2022 and the 30th of April 2023 were collected. We performed AST with gradient diffusion and NAAT to evaluate presumptive presence of R027/NAP1 and toxin production genes.
Results
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 108 available isolates. We didn’t found any isolate resistant to vancomycin, metronidazole and tigecycline, while all the isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. For 8 patients isolates from both first episode and recurrence were available: 3 (37.5%) displayed 2 fold MIC increase for vancomycin, 6 (75%) for metronidazole and 3 (37.5%) for tigecycline.
Conclusions
Our results were concordant with European surveillance data. MIC increase to all tested antibiotics in patients with CDI may be due to biofilm formation and its possible role warrant further research, especially considering reports of clinical failure due to vancomycin resistance.
A Novel Secure Management Framework for Next-Gen Cloud-Edge Systems
Authors: Ranganathan Aditya , Smith Jane , Johnson Alex , Joshi Purvi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The convergence of cloud computing and edge intelligence has given rise to a new era of distributed computing infrastructure[1] that aim to leverage the strengths of both paradigms. Cloud computing provides on-demand scalability, high computational power, and global accessibility. Edge computing, on the other hand, is positioned closer to the end-user or data source, minimizing latency and improving real-time responsiveness. By merging these two, organizations can build efficient, low-latency solutions that meet stringent performance[2] and reliability requirements. However, this convergence also introduces new challenges related to security, data integrity, and management. Despite the many advances in cryptographic protocols and distributed systems orchestration, ensuring robust security postures in hybrid cloud-edge environments remains a daunting task.
SMARTFEST: Ruang Gelar Karya dan Aktualisasi Pendidikan Multikultural di SMAN 1 Jamblang
Authors: Nadia  , Khoeriyah Fathul , Naylacitra Gayyutri , Irmawati Ina , Nur Fauziah Nabilah 
Published: February 2025

Pendidikan multikultural merupakan pendekatan yang bertujuan membangun sikap toleransi, penghargaan, dan pemahaman terhadap keberagaman budaya. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 1 Jamblang, Kabupaten Cirebon, dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian diperoleh dari sumber data primer dan sekunder. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan secara mendalam pelaksanaan program Smartfest (SMANJA Art Festival) sebagai ruang gelar karya dan media aktualisasi pendidikan multikultural. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program Smartfest mampu meningkatkan kreativitas, kerja sama, dan toleransi di kalangan siswa. Program ini menjadi ajang bagi siswa untuk menampilkan karya-karya terbaik yang dikemas dengan sentuhan budaya lokal, sehingga tidak hanya mendorong pengembangan potensi individu tetapi juga melestarikan kebudayaan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya kegiatan berbasis budaya lokal sebagai sarana mendukung pendidikan multikultural. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi bagi institusi pendidikan lain dalam merancang kegiatan serupa yang berorientasi pada penguatan nilai-nilai multikultural dan pelestarian budaya lokal.
Latent Tuberculosis Screening and Active Tuberculosis Disease Development in People Living with HIV: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study in Turkiye
Authors: Kuscu Ferit , Yildirim Figen , Erturk Damla , Cabalak Mehmet , Komur Suheyla , Inal Ayse Seza , Kurtaran Behice , Tasova Yesim , Candevir Aslihan 
Published: February 2025

Background:
About 10% of individuals with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) develop tuberculosis (TB) disease during their lifetime. People living with HIV (PLWH) have a significantly higher risk of developing tuberculosis disease from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) compared to those without HIV. Many HIV treatment guidelines recommend screening and treating for LTBI.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the LTBI screening frequency of PLWH and the rates of tuberculosis disease development during their follow-up.

Methods:
A total of 483 PLWH were admitted to 3 research hospitals between January 2005 and April 2020. Patients who were 18 years and older, who did not have active TB disease, and who were followed up regularly were included in the study. Demographic characteristics and laboratory results of the patients, and tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or interferon gamma releasing assay (IGRA) results were recorded. Whether TB developed during the follow-up of the patients or not was recorded.

Results:
A total of 482 PLWH were enrolled in the study, and 429 (89%) of them were male. The mean age of the patients was 37±13 years. The patients were followed for an average of 27.5 months (2-180 months). The mean CD4 count was 381±246/mm3 at the time of diagnosis. A total of 331 patients (68.7%) were screened for latent infection, and 62 (18.7%) of them were diagnosed with LTBI. During the follow-up of the patients, TB disease did not develop in anyone who was not screened for LTBI, while TB disease developed in 4 people who were screened. The mean age of PLWH who developed tuberculosis disease was 54±10 years, while those who did not develop it was 37±13 years, and the difference was statistically significant (p=0.009).

Conclusion:
Screening for LTBI in PLWH and treating it when positive are recommended in the EACS guidelines. However, some local HIV guidelines recommend latent TB treatment according to ethnicity, CD4 count, and antiretroviral therapy use. Although the mean follow-up period was short, it was found that there was no difference in the development of TB disease in LTBI-positive and negative individuals in our study. For countries that are not on the list of high-burden countries for TB, it may be an option to give latent TB treatment only to selected patients who have lower CD4 counts.
An Overview of Colon Specific Drug Delivery: Approaches and Evaluation Aspects
Authors: Siddiqui Mohammad Akbar , Agrawal Nidhi , Jaiswal Meenakshi , Gupta Sakshi , Lanjhiyana S. K. 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The Colon-specific Drug Delivery Systems (CDDS) are advantageous,
especially in the targeted therapy of colonic disorders such as Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
(IBD), amoebiasis, and Colorectal Cancer (CRC). Site-specific drug release enables achieving a
high drug level at the targeted site and reduces adverse effects. The drug targeting can be
achieved with zero or minimal drug releases into the non-targeted area, especially at
the stomach and small intestine sites, with maximum releases into the site of action.

Objective:
This article focused primarily on reviewing the literature on product development of
CDDS using approaches viz., pH-dependent, time-dependent, microbial-triggered, and combination
approaches of two or more strategies for achieving possible drug releases and targeting
successfully.

Methods:
This review highlights the contributions of researchers in recent years to the field of
CDDS, including various effective formulation designs and optimization, targeting approaches,
factors affecting colon targeting, and evaluation parameters.

Conclusion:
This review article broadly covers recent advancements in the optimization and
designing of novel CDDS with newer technologies in managing colon-specific diseases. It is
concluded that CDDS is advantageous for the successful targeting of drugs to the colon region
for effective management of colonic diseases.
Investigating Real-world Emissions from Liquefied Petroleum Gas-fueled Vehicles: A Modeling Approach that Utilizes Portable Emissions Measurement Systems
Authors: Mądziel Maksymilian 
Published: February 2025

Introduction
The study presents an analysis of the emissions data from an LPG-fueled vehicle, focusing on key exhaust components. CO2, THC, and NOx. Data were aggregated from road tests conducted using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). Subsequently, the impact of various factors, including vehicle speed, engine load, and engine RPM, on the generated emissions was investigated.

Methods
In addition, the methodology for developing emission models, particularly for THC in LPG vehicles, is outlined. The results demonstrate the feasibility of creating reliable and robust emission models characterized by low mean squared error (MSE) and high R2 values.

Results
These findings contribute to a better understanding of the relationship between operational parameters and emissions, providing valuable information for emissions control strategies in vehicles powered by LPG. Research highlights the potential of data-driven approaches to improve environmental assessments and promote cleaner vehicle technologies.

Conclusion
The findings may prove useful in formulating emission reduction strategies and advancing technologies to reduce the environmental impact of LPG-powered vehicles.