bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Professionals' Advice to Iowa Adults with Hypertension Using the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Authors: Moeller Megan A. , Snelling Anastasia M. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. We investigated the prevalence of hypertension-lowering lifestyle-modification advice given to adults living in Iowa. We sought to determine if persons with high blood pressure and those who are overweight receive more advice than do persons with normal blood pressure and a desirable body weight. Methods. By using the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we asked Iowa adults with (N = 1050) and without (N = 2514) high blood pressure five questions relating to the most recent Joint National Committee guidelines on lowering blood pressure. Respondents with high blood pressure were placed into normal weight and overweight categories. Chi-square analysis revealed group differences in amount of advice received. To reflect the true Iowa population, data were weighted by SPSS software. Results. Compared with persons without high blood pressure, those with high blood pressure received more lifestyle-modification advice (p < .001) for eating less high-fat or high-cholesterol foods (28.3% vs. 12.5%), eating more fruits and vegetables (35.7% vs. 20.0%), exercising more (37.6% vs. 20.8%), losing weight (19.3% vs. 9.3%), and quitting smoking (80.5% vs. 64.6%). Conclusions. Although persons with multiple chronic-disease risk factors are given more advice, the prevalence of advice given to individuals when lifestyle changes may reduce risk factors is still very low. Methods of translating research on lifestyle modifications into practice are discussed.
Baseline Behavioral Assessment for the New Jersey Health Wellness Promotion Act
Authors: Sheffet Amiram M. , Ridlen Sylvia , Louria Donald B. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To determine baseline use rates for health-promoting behaviors of the recently adopted New Jersey Health Wellness Promotion Act and to examine the effects of demographic and socioeconomic factors on the use of preventive services included in the Act. Design. A random telephone survey of 3094 households was conducted using questions from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System supplemented by questions related to provisions of the Act. Setting. All New Jersey households. Subjects. State representative adult sample of 1246 subjects. Measures. Rates for getting timely screening tests, for obtaining influenza immunizations, and engaging in selected health-promoting behaviors. Results. Rates for receiving recommended screening tests ranged from 0.88 for blood pressure testing to 0.29 for osteoporosis screening. According to bivariate analysis, having insurance was the most consistent determinant associated with receiving preventive services but was associated only with sigmoidoscopy, mammography, and Pap smear testing in the multivariate modeling. Reminders were significantly associated with respective screening tests. Age was positively associated with receiving the majority of tests. Gender, ethnicity, education, and income affected receipt sporadically. Half the respondents were overweight and a quarter were current smokers. Conclusions. Receipt of appropriate screening tests and adoption of health-promoting behaviors fell short of desired goals. Having health insurance increased receipt rates, but was not enough to achieve usage goals. Procedure-specific reminders may improve usage rates.
Observed, GIS, and Self-Reported Environmental Features and Adolescent Physical Activity
Authors: Jago Russell , Baranowski Tom , Baranowski Janice C. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. Examine associations among observed, self-reported, and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) environmental features and physical activity among adolescent males. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Boy Scout troops and neighborhoods in Houston, Texas. Subjects. Two hundred and ten 10- to 14-year-old Boy Scouts. Measures. Accelerometry to obtain minutes of sedentary, light, and moderate to vigorous activity per day. GIS sources were used to identify the numbers of parks, gymnasiums, trails, bus stops, grocery stores, and restaurants within a 1-mile radius of participant residences as well as residential density, connectivity, and crime. Participants provided a self-report of their environment. Analysis. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the number of GIS and self-reported items. Four factors were previously obtained from direct observations of the neighborhoods. Correlations were conducted among factors and physical activity. Regression models were run in which minutes of sedentary behavior, light, or moderate to vigorous physical activity were the dependent variables and environmental factors were the independent variables. Nonsignificant variables were removed in a backward deletion process. Results. Three GIS factors, Parks, Crime, and Gyms, were obtained as were two self-reported factors: difficulty and access and safety. Factor scores were interrelated and associated with the four observed factors. Only observed sidewalk characteristics were correlated with physical activity and were retained in the regression models. Conclusion. Environmental factors were interrelated. Only sidewalk characteristics were associated with sedentary behavior and light intensity physical activity.
Integrating the Perceived Neighborhood Environment and the Theory of Planned Behavior When Predicting Walking in a Canadian Adult Sample
Authors: Rhodes Ryan E. , Brown Shane G. , McIntyre Carolyn A. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To integrate the characteristics of the perceived environment with the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to determine (1) whether the TPB mediates relations among environmental characteristics and walking, and (2) whether the environment moderates TPB-walking relations. Design. Cross-sectional. Setting. South Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. Subjects. Random sample of 351 adults (36% response rate). Measures. Participants completed measures of the perceived neighborhood environment, the TPB, and walking behavior that was assessed using an adapted Godin leisure time questionnaire. Results. Results using structural equation modeling indicated that the TPB mediated the environment-walking relationship. Specifically, retail land-mix use and neighborhood aesthetics were associated with walking through affective and instrumental attitudes. Results using moderated regression analyses showed that recreation land-mix use moderated the intention-behavior relationship, with those individuals who perceived closer access to recreation facilities having a larger intention-behavior relationship. A significant moderating effect for crime on the instrumental attitude-intention relationship was also identified, but the effect size was small to trivial. Conclusions. These results suggest that the perceived neighborhood may influence walking through attitudes and may also influence the intention-behavior gap. Prospective studies using objective walking and environment data are required to improve the veracity of the findings and to identify possible causal relationships.
Defining Community Boundaries in Health Promotion Research
Authors: Chappell Neena L. , Funk Laura M. , Allan Diane 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. A means for integrating subjective experience in the operationalization of community boundaries is described and examined, and a community typology incorporating both psychosocial and structural resources is developed and applied. Design. Small-area sense of belonging was used to delineate broader community boundaries, which were compared with administrative boundaries. Community differences on participation and health were analyzed by using analysis of variance and post hoc tests. Setting. Data were from face-to-face interviews with residents of a relatively disadvantaged area of a medium-sized Canadian city. Subjects. A sample of 910 individuals was drawn from a population listing of those aged 35 to 65 years in the project area (44% response rate). Measures. Measures include sense of belonging; income; community participation; and mental, physical, and perceived health. Results. Data revealed the similarity of community boundaries based on sense of belonging with administrative boundaries. The communities differed significantly in income, community activities attended, and two health measures. The typology indicated the community rich in both income and sense of belonging had higher participation and health than did communities low in both or with mixed resources. Conclusions. Psychosocial indicators can be used to delineate community boundaries, which may be similar to administrative boundaries. A typology including both psychosocial and structural components can be a helpful preliminary step in interpreting area differences.
The Association of Corporate Work Environment Factors, Health Risks, and Medical Conditions with Presenteeism among Australian Employees
Authors: Musich Shirley , Hook Dan , Baaner Stephanie , Spooner Michelle , Edington Dee W. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To investigate the impact of selected corporate environment factors, health risks, and medical conditions on job performance using a self-reported measure of presenteeism. Design. A cross-sectional survey utilizing health risk appraisal (HRA) data merging presenteeism with corporate environment factors, health risks, and medical conditions. Setting. Approximately 8000 employees across ten diverse Australian corporations. Subjects. Employees (N = 1523; participation rate, 19%) who completed an HRA questionnaire. Measures. Self-reported HRA data were used to test associations of defined adverse corporate environment factors with presenteeism. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression modeling assessed the relative associations of corporate environment factors, health risks, and medical conditions with increased odds of any presenteeism. Results. Increased presenteeism was significantly associated with poor working conditions, ineffective management/leadership, and work/life imbalance (adjusting for age, gender, health risks, and medical conditions). In multivariate logistic regression models, work/life imbalance, poor working conditions, life dissatisfaction, high stress, back pain, allergies, and younger age were significantly associated with presenteeism. Conclusions. Although the study has some limitations, including a possible response bias caused by the relatively low participation rate across the corporations, the study does demonstrate significant associations between corporate environment factors, health risks, and medical conditions and self-reported presenteeism. The study provides initial evidence that health management programming may benefit on-the-job productivity outcomes if expanded to include interventions targeting work environments.
Evaluation of United States Department of Agriculture—Sponsored Consumer Materials Addressing Food Security
Authors: Tolma Eleni , John Robert , Garner Jane 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. Food insecurity in the United States is a major public health issue. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the availability and quality of printed materials addressing food security targeted to special populations by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Design. Nutrition education resources addressing food security available from USDA websites were selected for analysis. Setting. Not applicable. Participants. The review team consisted of project staff (n = 6), two of who were fluent in Spanish. Method. Selection criteria were established to identify the food-security materials, and a group of reviewers assessed the quality of each publication both quantitatively and qualitatively. A consensus meeting among the reviewers was held to make final determinations of the quality of the materials. The quantitative data analysis consisted of basic descriptive statistics. Results. Among the 27 materials initially identified, 20 were either irrelevant or of low relevance to food security. Moreover, very few of them were intended for minority populations. The quality of most of the materials ranged from “average” to “good.” Some of the major weaknesses include readability level, lack of cultural relevance, and inadequate coverage of food insecurity. Conclusion. Very few materials on food insecurity are of high quality. In the development of such materials, emphasis should be given to the readability level, content, and cultural relevance.
Baseline Characteristics and Recruitment Strategies in a Randomized Clinical Trial of African-American Light Smokers
Authors: Okuyemi Kolawole S. , Cox Lisa Sanderson , Nollen Nicole L. , Snow Tricia M. , Kaur Harsohena , Choi Won , Nazir Niaman , Mayo Matthew S. , Ahluwalia Jasjit S. 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. This study describes the design, recruitment, and baseline data of the first smoking-cessation clinical trial for African-American light smokers, Kick It at Swope II (KIS-II). Design. KIS-II was a randomized trial testing the efficacy of nicotine gum (vs. placebo gum) in combination with counseling (motivational interviewing or health education). Setting. This study was conducted at an urban community-based clinic serving predominantly lower-income African-Americans. Subjects. African-Americans who smoked 1 to 10 cigarettes per day were eligible. Of 1933 individuals screened, 1012 (52%) were eligible and 755 (75%) were enrolled in the study. Measures. Baseline assessment included smoking history and psychometric measures. Analysis. The majority of participants were women (67%) with a mean age of 45.1 years (SD = 10.7). Participants smoked on average 7.6 cigarettes (SD = 3.21) per day, had a mean exhaled carbon monoxide level of 13.9 ppm (SD = 8.9) and a mean serum cotinine level of 244.2 ng/mL (SD = 154.4), and reported high levels of motivation and confidence to quit smoking. Conclusion. African-American light smokers were motivated to stop smoking and to enroll in a smoking-cessation program. Characteristics of our sample suggest African-American light smokers are an appropriate group for inclusion in smoking-cessation interventions.
Associations of Children's Perceived Neighborhood Environments with Walking and Physical Activity
Authors: Hume Clare , Salmon Jo , Ball Kylie 
Published: November 2011

Purpose. To examine associations between children's perceptions of the neighborhood environment and walking and physical activity. Design. Cross-sectional study of a school-based sample. Setting. Elementary schools in Melbourne, Australia. Subjects. 280 children aged 10 years (response rate 78%). Measures. A self-report survey assessed children's perceptions of the neighborhood physical and social environments and their weekly walking frequency. Physical activity was also objectively measured using accelerometers. Results. Multiple linear regression analyses showed a positive association between walking frequency and the number of accessible destinations in the neighborhood among boys; having a neighborhood that was easy to walk/cycle around and perceiving lots of graffiti were positively associated with walking frequency among girls. Perceiving lots of litter and rubbish was positively associated with boys' overall physical activity, but no environmental variables were associated with girls' overall physical activity. Conclusion. Several different environmental factors were associated with walking and physical activity. Perceptions of the neighborhood environment were more strongly associated with girls' walking than with objectively-measured physical activity. Future studies should confirm these findings using objective measures and prospective study designs.
Biofeedback/Mindfulness Training for the Advanced High School Musician
Authors: Trechak Ann A 
Published: November 2011

The author summarizes 35 years of utilizing psychophysiological training to assist in the pursuit of optimal music performance. She integrates systematic musical instruction with self-regulation training, drawing on EEG biofeedback training, heart rate variability training, and other biofeedback modalities. This integration of musical skills training and biofeedback assisted over one hundred high school age musicians to earn “All State” status, enabled numerous wind musicians to gain national recognition, and assisted two autistic children in becoming musical prodigies.
Improving Optimal Performance—And Life—For Young Athletes
Authors: Todd Troy 
Published: November 2011

A composite case study illustrates how a multidisciplinary approach can be used to improve athletic performance and overall life functioning. The use of heart rate/respiration biofeedback and QEEG-guided neurofeedback are built on a foundation of cognitive therapy. The elements in the article are taken from several successful cases over the course of several years. The athletes represented in this article range from 18 to 24 years old, are from a variety of sports, and are from higher levels of achievement.
Repair of Damaged Connectors of Tunneled Cuffed Catheters with a Two-Piece Adaptor for Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Letachowicz Krzysztof , Letachowicz Waldemar , Weyde Wacław , Gołębiowski Tomasz , Kusztal Mariusz , Wątorek Ewa , Klinger Marian 
Published: November 2011

Purpose Although catheter use exposes the patient to several complications, tunneled cuffed catheters are widely applied for temporary or long-term vascular access. The aim of the study was to establish the rate of tunneled dialysis catheter damage and report our experience with breakage repair. Methods All 363 cuffed tunneled hemodialysis catheters inserted into 309 patients from May 2000 to December 2008 were followed up. When connector damage was encountered, repair with a two-piece adaptor for peritoneal dialysis was attempted. Results Mechanical breakage occurred in 33 (9.1%) of catheters with an incidence of 0.36/1000 catheter-days. The most frequent was connector damage, found in 25 cases (67.6%). Catheter repair using a peritoneal dialysis Luer adaptor was performed with good early and long-term outcome. Conclusions Tunneled catheter breakage is a relatively rare complication. Catheter repair using the adaptor for peritoneal dialysis is easy to perform, safe, and cost-effective.
A Convenient Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Approach Toward Highly Stable Squaraine Dyes with Reduced H‐Aggregation
Authors: Yan Zhengquan , Xu Hongyao , Guang Shanyi , Zhao Xian , Fan Weiliu , Liu Xiang Yang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA generic and effective approach for solving the aggregation effect observed with optical materials in solid state or in a solution with a poor solvent was explored by designing two types of squaraine‐containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquoixane (POSS)‐based hybrids. It is expected that incorporation of “huge” inorganic POSS nanoparticles into optical materials via covalent bonding can effectively decrease the strong dipole–dipole and π–π stacking interactions, inhibit intermolecular charge transfer between adjacent squaraine molecules, and improve optical, thermal and chemical stability of the resultant materials. Both theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that the molecular design strategy is rational and efficacious. The resultant organic–inorganic hybrid optical materials effectively eliminate the aggregation of organic optical chromophoric groups by hindering intermolecular charge transfer and decreasing dipole–dipole and π–π stacking interaction between the chromophores, and exhibit good optical stability, i.e., the absorption peaks of H1 and H2 display only a slight blue‐shift, even in the solid. Simultaneously, the hybrids also show significantly enhanced thermal, and chemical stabilities in comparison with the precursor organic optical materials.
Titanium‐Mediated Direct Carbon‐Carbon Double Bond Formation to α‐Trifluoromethyl Acids: A New Contribution to the Knoevenagel Reaction and a High‐Yielding and Stereoselective Synthesis of α‐Trifluoromethylacrylic Acids
Authors: Liu Yanmei , Lai Hua , Rong Bo , Zhou Tie , Hong Jia , Yuan Chao , Zhao Shujing , Zhao Xiaolong , Jiang Biao , Fang Qiang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAn efficient strategy for a high‐yielding and stereoselective synthesis of α‐trifluoromethyl unsaturated carboxylic acids directly from the reactions of 3,3,3‐trifluoropropanoic acid (CF3CH2COOH) with various aryl aldehydes in the presence of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) is reported here for the first time, which is a valuable expansion for the classical Knoevenagel reaction. Because these compounds may have potential applications in organic electronics and can be easily converted to the corresponding fluorinated alcohols and amino acids with excellent bioactivity, this route should be a good choice for the preparation of α‐trifluoromethyl‐containing derivatives.
Highly Enantioselective Co‐Catalytic Direct Aldol Reactions by Combination of Hydrogen‐Bond Donating and Acyclic Amino Acid Catalysts
Authors: Ma Guangning , Bartoszewicz Agnieszka , Ibrahem Ismail , Córdova Armando 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHighly enantioselective co‐catalytic direct aldol reactions by a combination of simple hydrophobic acyclic amino acid and hydrogen‐bond donating catalysts are presented. The corresponding aldol products are formed in high yields with high regio‐, diastereo‐ (anti or syn) and enantioselectivity (up to 99.5:0.5 er). The catalyst loadings can be decreased to as little as 2 mol%.
New Palladium‐Catalyzed Cascades: 4‐exo‐dig Cyclocarbopalladation Reaction Followed by Suzuki–Miyaura or Sonogashira Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Charpenay Mélanie , Boudhar Aicha , Siby Acetou , Schigand Sophie , Blond Gaëlle , Suffert Jean 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHerein we describe new accesses to dienynes and trienynes using new cascade reactions: 4‐exo‐dig cyclocarbopalladation followed by a Suzuki–Miyaura or Sonogashira cross‐coupling.
Sulfur as a Bridge: Synthesis of Medium Rings via a Bicyclic Sulfonium Ion
Authors: Zhou Hongwei , Xing Yanpeng , Liu Le , Hong Junjie 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA facile and efficient synthesis of medium rings via a bicyclic sulfonium ion was developed. Spectroscopic evidence for the formation of an intermediate sulfonium moiety is provided. The sulfur atom served as a “bridge” to access the medium ring system and could be removed after use via a Ramberg–Bäcklund process. As a result of the readily available starting materials, simple operation, and mild conditions, these reactions should be an appealing strategy in organic synthesis.