bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HER2‐positive mucinous cystadenocarcinoma of the breast coexisting with invasive lobular carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Guzelis Ismail , Kucukzeybek Betul Bolat , Uyaroglu Mehmet Ali , Gokova Melek Bekler , Sezgin Gulten , Kucukzeybek Yuksel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPrimary mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of the breast is a rare variant of breast carcinoma. A 68‐year‐old female patient presented to the general surgery clinic with pain and swelling in the right breast. A mass was detected in the upper outer quadrant, and a fine‐needle aspiration biopsy was performed. The May‐Grünwald Giemsa stained slides showed aggregates of mucin‐rich pleomorphic cells with large nuclei in a mucinous background containing discohesive single cells. The Papanicolaou stain revealed a papillary structure composed of malignant epithelial cells in a necrotic background. A modified radical mastectomy was performed, and upon gross examination, two tumors were discovered in the central and upper outer quadrants. The first tumor, located centrally, was identified as invasive lobular breast carcinoma. The second tumor was an MCA with cytokeratin 7(+) and cytokeratin 20(−), and was determined to be the primary MCA of the breast based on clinical and radiological information. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were negative for estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, and HER2 was 2+. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis detected HER2 gene amplification. During the 72‐month follow‐up, there were no findings compatible with recurrence or new metastasis. Although primary MCA is rare, it causes differential diagnosis problems and has different biological behaviors.
Enfacement illusions: Filling a knowledge gap in eating disorder risk assessment, prevention, and intervention?
Authors: Portingale Jade , Krug Isabel , Butler David 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBody image disturbance (BID) is central to eating disorders (EDs), yet the role of self‐face perception has received limited empirical attention despite rising sociocultural pressures emphasizing facial appearance through technologies such as social media. Emerging evidence suggests impairments in self‐face recognition accuracy and distorted perceptions of facial appearance among individuals with EDs. Enfacement illusions, involving the experimental induction of perceived ownership over another's face, offer a novel paradigm to comprehensively investigate the perceptual multisensory integration processes underlying self‐face perception disturbances in ED populations. Such an approach may hold promise for elucidating core pathological mechanisms contributing to BID and ED psychopathology. We discuss how rigorous investigation of self‐face perception through the enfacement illusion paradigm represents an innovative direction of research and/or clinical application that may advance etiological models of EDs and possibly inform interventions targeting the potentially multidimensional nature of body and facial image disturbances characterizing EDs.Public Significance StatementBody image disturbance is central to eating disorders (EDs), yet, the role of face‐related disturbances remains critically under‐investigated. After summarizing findings on face‐related disturbances in EDs we propose how enfacement illusions (i.e., the experimental induction of ownership over another's face) may elucidate self‐face perception disturbances in EDs, and their underlying mechanisms. Enfacement illusions may also offer an intervention to potentially address multifaceted face and body image disturbances characterizing EDs.
Factors associated with seedling establishment on logs of different fungal decay types—A seed‐sowing experiment
Authors: Fukasawa Yu , Kitabatake Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWood decay fungi alter the abiotic and biotic properties of deadwood, which are important as nurse logs for seedling regeneration. However, the relationship between fungal decay type and seedling performance has not been evaluated experimentally. In this study, we examined the germination, growth, and survival of six arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and six ectomycorrhizal (ECM) tree species on three substrates (pine logs with brown and white rot and soil) by conducting seed‐sowing experiments in a mixed forest dominated by Pinus densiflora and Quercus serrata. Analysis using ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer 1 (rDNA ITS1) sequencing revealed that the fungal community was significantly different across three substrates. The richness of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of AM and ECM fungi was the largest on brown rot logs and soil, respectively. The substrate significantly affected the seedling performance when comparing wood decay types, but these were not consistent across the mycorrhizal status of the seedlings. Nevertheless, seedlings of some AM trees showed better growth and enhanced mycorrhizal colonization on brown rot logs than on white rot logs. The wood decay type influenced fungal communities in the logs and the performance of some seedling species partly by different mycorrhizal colonization rates. However, the effect was seedling species dependent and showed no apparent difference between AM and ECM trees.
Cardiac function, haemodynamics, and valve competence with exercise in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and mild to moderate secondary mitral regurgitation
Authors: Harada Tomonari , Naser Jwan A. , Tada Atsushi , Doi Shunichi , Ibe Tatsuro , Pislaru Sorin V. , Eleid Mackram F. , Sorimachi Hidemi , Obokata Masaru , Reddy Yogesh N.V. , Borlaug Barry A. 
Published: June 2024

AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of secondary mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Methods and resultsWe conducted a prospective study enrolling consecutively evaluated patients with HFpEF undergoing invasive haemodynamic exercise testing with simultaneous echocardiography. Compared to HFpEF without MR (n = 145, 79.7%), those with mild or moderate MR (n = 37, 20.3%) were older, more likely to be women, had more left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, and more likely to have left atrial (LA) myopathy reflected by greater burden of atrial fibrillation, more LA dilatation, and poorer LA function. Pulmonary artery (PA) wedge pressure was higher at rest in HFpEF with MR (17 ± 5 mmHg vs. 20 ± 5 mmHg, p = 0.005), but there was no difference with exercise. At rest, only 2 (1.1%) patients had moderate MR, and none developed severe MR. Pulmonary vascular resistance was higher, and right ventricular (RV)‐PA coupling was more impaired in patients with HFpEF and MR at rest and exercise. LV and LA myocardial dysfunction remained more severe in patients with MR during stress compared to those without MR, characterized by greater LA dilatation during all stages of exertion, lower LA emptying fraction and compliance, steeper and rightward‐shifted LA pressure–volume relationships, and reduced LV longitudinal contractile function.ConclusionsPatients with HFpEF and mild or moderate MR have more severe LV systolic dysfunction, LA myopathy, RV‐PA uncoupling, and more severe pulmonary vascular disease. Mitral valve incompetence in this setting is a phenotypic marker of more advanced disease but is not a causal factor in development of HFpEF.
A clustering machine learning approach for improving concrete compressive strength prediction
Authors: Demetriou Demetris , Polydorou Thomaida , Nicolaides Demetris , Petrou Michael F. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the application of clustering techniques to enhance the accuracy of hierarchical classification and regression (HCR) models for predicting concrete compressive strength (CCS). Following the hypothesis that integrating clustering at the initial levels of model hierarchy reduces classification errors and prevents their propagation to subsequent levels, HCR models were developed utilizing both the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and hard clustering (HC) methods. Findings demonstrate that models using UPGMA significantly outperform those based on HC. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that further hierarchical clustering allows for multilayered HCR models that improve predictive performance by further leveraging parent–child relationships within data clusters. Overall, this study demonstrates that the proposed methodology can be introduced in the model development pipeline to enhance the prediction accuracy of CCS models.
Controlled growth of uniform and dense perovskite layers on SnO2 via interface passivation by PbS quantum dots
Authors: Liu Yulin , Bae Sumin , Lee Seongha , Wang Anqi , Jung Youngsoo , Lee Doh‐Kwon , Lee Jung‐Kun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFormamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3) and SnO2 are a promising pair of halide perovskite and electron transport layer (ETL). However, FAPbI3 and SnO2 have inherent problems such as high crystallization temperature of FAPbI3 and surface defects of SnO2 like oxygen vacancies. They cause low crystallinity, non‐uniform grain growth, and more interface defects, leading to carrier recombination and leakage current. The passivation of the interface between FAPbI3 and SnO2 is an effective process to address these materials issues. Herein, a dual role of lead sulfide (PbS) quantum dots (QDs) in the interface passivation is explored. PbS QDs which are introduced to the interface between FAPbI3 and ETL, link to Sn‐dangling bonds of SnO2 ETLs and anchor the iodine atoms of FAPbI3. This changes considerably lower nonradiative recombination, achieve a better energetic alignment between ETL and PbI3, and facilitate electron extraction, leading to a power conversion efficiency of 21.66%.image
Pulsatile corticoid therapy reduces interictal epileptic activity burden in children with genetic drug‐resistant epilepsy
Authors: Schiller Katharina , Thomas John , Avigdor Tamir , Mansilla Daniel , Kortas Aline , Unterholzner Gabriele , Rauchenzauner Markus , Frauscher Birgit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveCorticosteroids and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) are the therapy of choice to treat infantile spasms. However, systematic studies about their use in other types of childhood epilepsies remain rare and ACTH can have serious side effects. This study compares the interictal epileptic activity (IEA) burden (% of electroencephalography (EEG) time with IEDs) in children with genetic drug‐resistant epilepsy before and after a standardized treatment with pulsatile corticoid therapy (PCT).MethodsChildren with drug‐resistant epilepsy underwent a standardized protocol for PCT with cycles of high‐dose dexamethasone (20 mg/m2 body surface) intravenously. Patients were hospitalized for 3 days per PCT cycle and EEGs were obtained before initiation of treatment (baseline) and during the hospitalization around the time of every second cycle. EEG recordings during sleep and wakefulness were obtained. IEA burden was compared before and after PCT. Secondary outcome measures included the sleep spindle rate, the seizure frequency and subjective evaluation in a standardized interview.ResultsIn the cohort of 24 children (10 female, 6.2 ± 3.4 years), IEA burden was lower in the EEG after PCT compared to the baseline (baseline: 5.4% [0.7–97.3] vs. after PCT: 1.5% [0–96.9], p = 0.001, d = −0.41). Sleep physiology expressed by sleep spindles improved after PCT with enhanced fast spindle rates (0.8/min [0–2.2] vs. 1.5/min [0.2–3.4], p = 0.045, d = 0.36). Seizure frequency was decreased in 17 of the 24 patients (70.8%) with one patient achieving seizure freedom. The majority of patients improved in quality of life (79.2%), and sleep (81.3%). No serious adverse effects were documented.SignificanceThis study systematically assessed the effect of PCT in children with genetic / suspected genetic drug‐resistant epilepsy. PCT was found to not only reduce the IEA burden but also increase sleep spindle rates, which are important for cognitive functioning.Plain Language SummaryIn this study, children with a form of epilepsy, which is resistant against antiseizure medication, received a systematic treatment with corticosteroids over multiple cycles in the hospital. It was found that not only the epileptic activity was reduced but also the sleep of the patients was improved after the treatment. These findings could provide the basis for extending the use of corticosteroids in children with epilepsy.
Damage characteristics of gas extraction boreholes under different crustal stresses and their effects on gas extraction
Authors: Guang Yang , Hongbao Zhao 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo investigate the effects of different crustal stresses on the stability of gas extraction boreholes, several equations were deduced. Additionally, the coupled flow‐solid model of gas extraction was constructed, given the elasticity−plasticity deformation of the coal body. Using the numerical simulation and analysis software of Comsol, a study was conducted on the deformation and damage of gas extraction boreholes under different crustal stresses. The results are as follows: with vertical stress increasing, the concentration area of shear stress, deformation amount, and the area of the plastic zone around the hole increase. Varied lateral pressure coefficients led to differing distribution positions of shear stress concentration areas and plastic zones around the hole. An increase in lateral pressure coefficient shifted the distribution positions of shear stress maximum. In addition, plastic zone, and permeability ratio maximum change from the left and right sides of the borehole to the upper and lower sides, and the larger the lateral pressure coefficient is, the worse the stability of the upper and lower sides of the borehole is. Higher lateral pressure coefficients inhibited extraction, with the effect becoming more pronounced over time. Elevated vertical stress and lateral pressure coefficients hindered negative pressure propagation in the borehole.
The Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool 2 (RoB 2) versus the original RoB: A perspective on the pros and cons
Authors: Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Balibegloo Maryam , Rezaei Nima 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCritical appraisal or risk of bias assessment is a fundamental part of systematic reviews that clarifies the degree to which included research articles are qualified and reliable. Version 2 of the Cochrane tool for assessing the risk of bias in randomized trials (RoB 2), the updated version of the first tool, was released in 2019. Here, we have compared these two versions of Cochrane risk of bias assessment tools and highlighted the pros and cons of RoB 2.MethodsStatistical analysis and methodology is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.ResultsThe overall approach in RoB 2 is that by answering some signaling questions after the specification of results, effects of interest, and sources of information, an overall judgment for the quality of each study is reached. Accordingly, in the original version of the Cochrane RoB tool, the judgment can be in three different conclusions, including low, unclear, and high risk of bias. The most prominent difference in bias domains is the removal of “other bias” domain being replaced by “overall bias” judgment. Also, the most common presentation types of Cochrane risk of bias assessments are the “summary” and “graph” which are generated by Review Manager, web‐based applications, or packages in R software.ConclusionThe RoB 2 tool, compared to the original RoB, has improved and is the recommended version by the Cochrane Collaboration for quality assessment of randomized controlled trials. It is recommended to consider funding source, duration of follow‐up, declaration of data availability, the status of baseline characteristics between groups, and sample size calculation methods in further revisions of the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tools.
Association of gestational hepatitis B virus infection and antiviral therapy with pregnancy outcomes: A retrospective study
Authors: Mao Kaiyi , Jiang Pingying , Cai Weiqi , Lin Yongxu , Zhou Yu , Li Dan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the relationships between gestational hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, antiviral therapy, and pregnancy outcomes.MethodsWe retrospectively selected hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)‐positive pregnant women hospitalized for delivery at Fujian Medical University Affiliated Hospital from October 1, 2016 to October 1, 2020. The control group included randomly selected healthy pregnant women hospitalized for delivery during the same time.ResultsOverall, 1115 participants were enrolled and grouped into control (n = 380) and HBsAg‐positive groups (n = 735), which were further divided into groups I (n = 407; low viral load), II (n = 207; high viral load without antiviral therapy), and III (n = 121; high viral load with antiviral therapy). Pregnant women with HBV were positively correlated with the incidence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.62–9.92, P < 0.001), neonatal jaundice (aOR 10.56, 95% CI 4.49–24.83, P < 0.001), and neonatal asphyxia (aOR 5.03, 95% CI 1.46–17.27, P = 0.01). Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) greater than the upper limit of normal (ULN) was an independent risk factor for increased ICP incidence (aOR 3.49, 95% CI 1.26–9.67, P = 0.019). Antiviral therapy considerably reduced HBV DNA and improved liver function. High viral load and antiviral therapy did not correlate significantly with adverse pregnancy outcomes (P < 0.05).ConclusionPregnant women with HBV have significantly elevated incidence of ICP, neonatal jaundice, and neonatal asphyxia not significantly correlated with viral load. AST greater than ULN independently increases the risk of ICP. Antiviral therapy effectively reduces viral replication and improves liver function without increasing the risk of adverse outcomes.
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathway is a marker of lung cell activation but does not play a central pathologic role in engineered stone‐associated silicosis
Authors: Song Yong , Yen Seiha , Southam Katherine , Gaskin Sharyn , Hoy Ryan F. , Zosky Graeme R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEngineered stone‐associated silicosis is characterised by a rapid progression of fibrosis linked to a shorter duration of exposure. To date, there is lack of information about molecular pathways that regulates disease development and the aggressiveness of this form of silicosis. Therefore, we compared transcriptome responses to different engineered stone samples and standard silica. We then identified and further tested a stone dust specific pathway (aryl hydrocarbon receptor [AhR]) in relation to mitigation of adverse lung cell responses. Cells (epithelial cells, A549; macrophages, THP‐1) were exposed to two different benchtop stone samples, standard silica and vehicle control, followed by RNA sequencing analysis. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted, and the expression of dysregulated AhR pathway genes resulting from engineered stone exposure was then correlated with cytokine responses. Finally, we inhibited AhR pathway in cells pretreated with AhR antagonist and observed how this impacted cell cytotoxicity and inflammation. Through transcriptome analysis, we identified the AhR pathway genes (CYP1A1, CYP1B1 and TIPARP) that showed differential expression that was unique to engineered stones and common between both cell types. The expression of these genes was positively correlated with interleukin‐8 production in A549 and THP‐1 cells. However, we only observed a mild effect of AhR pathway inhibition on engineered stone dust induced cytokine responses. Given the dual roles of AhR pathway in physiological and pathological processes, our data showed that expression of AhR target genes could be markers for assessing toxicity of engineered stones; however, AhR pathway might not play a significant pathologic role in engineered stone‐associated silicosis.
Enhancement of electrical properties by CuS–PVP nanocomposite on the ZnO/polymer heterojunction
Authors: Verma Bandhna , Hmar Jehova Jire L. , Swart H. C. , Kumar Vinay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractA nanocomposite matrix of covellite–polyvinylpyrrolidone (CuS–PVP) was synthesized through a solution processing method and applied via spin coating onto hydrothermally grown zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods. Characterization techniques, including X‐ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, confirmed the successful decoration of chain‐like CuS–PVP polymer composites onto hexagonal ZnO nanorods. The UV‐vis spectroscopy revealed an absorption peak at 372 nm, indicating excitonic absorption of ZnO, and a reduction in the band gap from 3.11 to 2.59 eV upon CuS–PVP polymer decoration, enhancing light harvesting efficiency. Photoluminescence spectra demonstrated the lowest charge carrier recombination rate in the ZnO/CuS–PVP sample, promoting efficient charge separation and transportation, supported by Fourier‐transform infrared analysis indicating chemical bonding. Subsequently, the impact of CuS–PVP as an insertion layer in the ZnO/poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)‐poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) inorganic–organic heterojunction was investigated. Favorable band alignment between ZnO, CuS–PVP, and PEDOT:PSS improved conduction, increasing current from 0.3394 to 1.14 mA for D2 (poly‐ethyleneterephthalate/Indium tin oxide/ZnO/PEDOT:PSS/Al) and D1 (poly‐ethyleneterephthalate/Indium tin oxide/ZnO/CuS–PVP/PEDOT:PSS/Al) at a +2 V bias. Transient photo‐responses (J–t) at 0 V bias revealed decreased rise and fall times from 0.382 and 1.154 s to 0.301 and 0.229 s for D2 and D1 devices, respectively. This novel approach provides control over charge carrier transport characteristics at the interface, potentially benefiting self‐powered photo‐detection in optoelectronic devices.
Hot and cold executive function among pediatric attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without coexisting oppositional defiant disorder
Authors: Kamalahmadi Nasim , Moharrari Fatemeh , Soltanifar Atefeh , Khaniki Saeedeh Hajebi , Mohaddes Hossein , Noorbakhsh Ghazaleh , Salehabadi Razie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundExecutive function is a high‐level set of cognitive processes related to goal‐directed behaviors including two conceptual subtypes of hot (emotional) and cold (cognitive) executive function (to abbreviate EF). EF deficits in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) leads to significant social impairments in the home, school, and community. Today the type and the extent of executive function defects in ADHD are still debated in studies. We aimed to evaluate hot and cold executive function among medication‐naive children with ADHD, with and without oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).MethodsForty‐five children including suffering ADHD with ODD (n = 15), without ODD (n = 15), or typically developed (TD, n = 15) participated in this cross‐sectional study (the age of children was between 7 and 12 years old). The Child Symptom Inventory‐4 (CSI‐4) was used to screen behavioral and emotional symptoms. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale‐Revised‐Digit Span Task (WAIS‐R‐DST), Corsi Block Task (CBT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used for assessing cold executive function. Assessing hot executive function was done with Delay Discounting Task (DDT) and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT).ResultsEvaluating the cold executive function, total WAIS‐R‐DST score, Backward DST, total CBT score, and Backward CBT were significantly lower among ADHD than TD groups (p < 0.05). Assessing the hot executive function showed that the score of DDT and IGT was significantly lower among ADHD than TD groups (p < 0.05).ConclusionBoth hot and cold executive functions are defective in children with ADHD, while the comorbid of ODD has no significant effect. We suggest the clinicians to consider cognitive rehabilitation interventions as a necessary treatment modality for ADHD patients.