bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Fractures of the Vertebral Limbus and Spinal Stenosis in Five Adolescents and Five Adults
Authors: Epstein Nancy E. , Epstein Joseph A. , Mauri Thomas 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Fractures of the vertebral limbus occur between the vertebral ring apophyses and the cartilaginous rim of the superior or inferior margins of the vertebral end plates. These fractures are typically seen in adolescents or young adults, since fusion in this area is not complete until the ages of 18 to 25. Of 85 cases reported, 24 occurred in adolescents. The authors present the clinical, neurodiagnostic, and surgical management of fractures of the vertebral limbus and coincident segmental spinal stenosis in a group of 5 adolescents and 5 adults. An additional category for fractures of the vertebral limbus is proposed, namely, a lesion that is not confined to the superior or inferior margins of the vertebral end plates, but that spans the full length of the vertebral body.
Castleman's Disease Manifesting in the Central Nervous System: Case Report with Immunological Studies
Authors: Gianaris Peter G. , Leestma Jan E. , Cerullo Leonard J. , Butler Albert 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Castleman's disease is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder that manifests itself as a local or generalized tumor-like condition affecting both lymph nodes and nonnodal tissues, usually in the chest or abdomen. Only two prior examples involving the central nervous system had been reported when this patient was encountered. Very recently, three additional cases have been reported by Severson et al. We report the sixth case of Castleman's disease affecting the central nervous system, which occurred in a 63-year-old woman in whom the diagnosis was made after craniotomy for a mass lesion involving the dura over the frontal regions. Neuroradiological, clinical, and immunopathological characteristics of the case are presented. The lesion was treated with cranial irradiation and the patient is alive and symptom free three years after initial treatment.
The Small Midline Occipital Encephalomeningocele: Definition of a Syndrome
Authors: Schlitt Michael , Williams Powell J. , Bastian Frank O. , Smith Sage 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
An unusual group of encephalomeningoceles is described. Two children were noted at birth to have a raised area of abnormal skin at the occipital midline. Both of these lesions were found to perforate the superior sagittal sinus and to end between the leaves of the falx cerebri, and to contain a small amount of abnormal cerebral tissue with no connection to either occipital lobe. Previous case reports are reviewed; these lesions are true encephalomeningoceles, rather than glial heterotopias. The embryology of such lesions is considered, and likely differs from the much more common occipital encephalocele arising from one or both occipital lobes.
Subependymoma of the Cervical Spinal Cord
Authors: Vaquero Jesús , Martinez Roberto , Vegazo Inmaculada , Pontón Patricia 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
A case of subependymoma of the spinal cord in the cervical region is presented. Our experience with this patient and the seven cases of spinal cord subependymoma previously reported show that this tumor predominates in the cervical region and in males (3:1). Although radical removal is considered the rational goal of treatment, larger experience is necessary to know both the rate of growth and prognosis of subependymomas when these tumors arise within the spinal cord.
Controlled Pressure-Volume Factors in the Enlargement of Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Austin George M. , Austin George M. , Schievink Wouter , Williams Richard 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Pressure-volume relations were investigated on a model aneurysm wall made of elastic tissue and collagen. The model wall had a Young's Modulus of 2 × 107 dynes/cm2, approximating the elastance of fresh aneurysm walls obtained at autopsy. The model wall was fixed over the top of a glass T-tube, 6 mm in diameter. Pressure pulse waves of water or outdated human blood entered at the bottom of the T-tube and exited by way of a controlled resistance, while pressure was monitored by a strain gauge and recorded on an ink writer from the other arm. Incremental increases in systolic pressure produced a nonlinear N-shaped pressure-volume curve. There was an initial linear enlargement in volume with increased pressure until a pressure threshold was reached at a point of high nonlinear compliance. At this point there was an abrupt jump in volume (mean increase = 70 ± 14%) to a new stable equilibrium volume. A further increase in pressure (24 ± 7 mm Hg) could eventually cause aneurysm rupture. This always occurred in the thinner, more compliant part of the wall. With higher pulse rates, the jump in volume occurred at a smaller volume, whereas with thinner aneurysm walls of higher compliance the pressure threshold for a jump in volume was significantly lower. At a higher peripheral resistance there was a higher pressure threshold. The authors suggest that there is one possible mechanism that may occur in the neck of some developing human aneurysms and could explain early and rapid initial growth in size.
Evaluation and Follow-Up of Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas by Transcranial Doppler Sonography: Illustrative Case
Authors: Gomez Camilo R. , Gomez Sandra M. , Yoon Kong-Woo Peter , Kraus Gary E. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
The availability of transcranial Doppler sonography has resulted in an easy, noninvasive, reproducible, and highly reliable method for evaluating the flow characteristics of carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas. It also allows the follow-up of the effect of different interventional measures, specifically, embolization with detachable balloons. An illustrative case is reported, in which the findings of serial transcranial Doppler sonograms are correlated with findings on computed tomographic scans and angiograms. The impact of our findings on future approaches to the hemodynamic classification of these acquired vascular shunts is discussed.
Temporary Motor and Sensory Paralysis Associated with Intrathecal Administration Of Morphine
Authors: Kleiner Laurence I. , Krzeminski Joseph , Rosenwasser Robert H. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
We are reporting a temporary, totally reversed motor and sensory paralysis subsequent to the intrathecal administration of 1.6 mg of morphine sulfate. This may represent an event which is not based on medication-induced myelopathy but on cardiovascular changes occurring as a result of pain relief.
Familial Trigeminal Neuralgia: Case Report
Authors: Kirkpatrick Douglas B. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Trigeminal neuralgia in its classic form is usually an isolated disease that occurs in sporadic fashion without epidemio-logical or genetic significance. This paper discusses a family with three nontwin sisters, all of whom have classic trigeminal neuralgia occurring in early middle age with symptoms severe enough to require medical and surgical treatment. These three sisters also have one aunt with a history of severe facial pain, although this has not been medically documented. Clustering of such cases in a given family has been reported before, but is rare. The pathophysiological implications of this genetic clustering are discussed.
Paraganglioma of the Orbit with Extension to the Middle Cranial Fossa
Authors: Venkataramana N. K. , Kolluri Sastry V. R. , Kumar Raj D. V. , Rao Vasudev T. , Das B. S. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Intraorbital paragangliomas are rare. A case of intraorbital paraganglioma with extension to the middle cranial fossa is reported. Progressive throbbing, hemicranial headaches, unilateral proptosis, and visual failure are the presenting symptoms. The computed tomographic and operative findings suggested a meningioma. Surgical removal of the tumor resulted in total relief of symptoms and recovery of vision. The pathogenesis and pathological findings are discussed.
Multiple Fractures of the Cervical and Upper Thoracic Spine without Neurological Deficit: Case Report
Authors: Cybulski George R. , Stone James L. , Arnold Paul M. , Rodriguez Justo , Banerjee Sankar 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
The case of a patient with multiple contiguous fractures of the cervical and upper thoracic spine without neurological deficit or spinal instability is presented. Injury to each of the cervical vertebrae plus the upper two thoracic vertebrae is unusual and has not been previously reported.
Massive Craniospinal Collagen Deposition after Persistent Postoperative Intraventricular Bleeding
Authors: Kim Ronald C. , Talbert Wilmier M. , Choe Wonsick , Choi Ben H. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
A 39-year-old man developed persistent bleeding into the ventricular system after having undergone needle biopsy of what was presumed to be a left frontal neoplasm. He subsequently developed obstructive hydrocephalus that required shunting and died in a semivegetative state some 5/12; months later. At autopsy, although no neoplasm was identified at the operative site, there was massive collagen deposition within the ventricular system that extended into the spinal subarachnoid compartment. Although we have been able to find only three cases in the literature with detailed descriptions of similar pathological findings, we believe that our observations emphasize the potential for a complication of intraventricular and subarachnoid hemorrhage that is not widely recognized.
Stereotactic Heavy-Charged-Particle Bragg Peak Radiosurgery for the Treatment of Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Levy Richard P. , Fabrikant Jacob I. , Frankel Kenneth A. , Phillips Mark H. , Lyman John T. 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Forty patients aged 6 to 18 years have now been treated for inoperable intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) using stereotactic heavy-charged-particle Bragg peak radiosurgery at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory 184-inch Synchrocyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley. This paper describes the procedures for selection of patients, the treatment protocol, and the neurological and neuroradiological responses to stereotactic radiosurgery in this age group. The volumes of the treated AVMs ranged from 265 mm3 to 60,000 mm3. The results are favorable: thus far, 20 of 25 patients have experienced ≥50% obliteration of their AVMs within 1 year after treatment, and 14 of 18 patients have experienced total obliteration of the AVM by 2 years after treatment. Two patients hemorrhaged from radiosurgically treated AVMs within 12 months after treatment, but none thereafter. Complications include vasogenic edema and arterial occlusion; three patients have had neurological worsening as definite or possible sequelae of treatment. The strengths and limitations of the method are discussed.
Anterior Discectomy without Fusion for Treatment of Cervical Lateral Soft Disc Extrusion: A Follow-up of 120 Cases
Authors: Grisoli François , Graziani Noel , Fabrizi Anthony P. , Peragut Jean C. , Vincentelli François , Diaz-Vasquez Pedro 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
One hundred and twenty patients with soft lateral disc herniation underwent surgery by anterior microsurgical discectomy and routine ablation of the posterior longitudinal ligament between 1976 and 1986. The study excluded patients with hard discs and soft disc extrusion with medullary symptoms. In our series 76.6% of patients were men. In 64% of the patients no causative factor was found. All of the patients presented with cervicobrachialgia; 53% also had a motor deficit. In 91.7% a single disc was involved. The last 40 cases were evaluated by computed tomography alone. In 51.5% an extruded disc was found. No permanent postoperative complication was encountered. All patients returned to their previous activities. Fifty patients underwent follow-up radiological evaluation at 1 and 5 years after the intervention and vertebral fusion was observed in 70% of these.
Diagnosis and Treatment of an Odontoid Fracture in a Patient with Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia: Case Report
Authors: Stompro Brett E. , Alksne John F. , Press Gary A. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Fibrous dysplasia of the cervical spine is rare. No prior reports have discussed odontoid fractures in the setting of fibrous dysplasia. We describe a 26-year-old man who suffered a traumatic odontoid fracture in an area of preexisting fibrous dysplasia. The patient was treated conservatively in a sterno-occipito-mandibular immobilizer brace with a good result. A review of fibrous dysplasia is presented. Alternative methods of diagnosis and treatment options in our patient are discussed.
Paraparesis during Myelography Associated with a Ruptured Thoracic Intervertebral Disc
Authors: Lehman L. B. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
Serious or permanent neurological complications following routine lumbar myelography are uncommon in clinical practice. We describe the sudden and dramatic onset of a symmetrical dense paraparesis in a patient after an uneventful lumbar puncture performed during myelography. A herniated thoracic intervertebral disc was subsequently diagnosed and successfully treated.
Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Malformation: Report of an Unusual Case
Authors: Tanaka Kimito , Waga Shiro , Kojima Tadashi , Furuno Masakazu , Kubo Yoshichika , Murata Hiroto 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
We present an unusual case of a spinal dural arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which produced compression radiculopathy of the left S1 nerve root. The nerve root was compressed by epidural vessels, draining vessels, and the nidus, without the characteristic myelographic findings of a dural AVM. No feeding vessels could be identified. It is important to consider the possibility of a spinal dural AVM in middle-aged patients who suffer lumbosacral radiculopathy, even if myelography does not demonstrate the characteristic findings.
Pseudoaneurysm of the Inferior Gluteal Artery Presenting as Sciatic Nerve Compression
Authors: Papadopoulos Stephen M. , McGillicuddy John E. , Messina Louis M. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
A pseudoaneurysm of the inferior gluteal artery presenting as sciatic nerve compression is reported in a 40-year-old woman. Following a transvaginal needle biopsy for endometriosis, the patient developed left sciatic pain and a nonpulsatile mass palpable in the left buttock thought to represent a pyriformis hematoma. Sequential computed tomographic scans were consistent with this diagnosis. Persistent pain and progression of neurological deficits led to surgical exploration. Posterior exposure of the pyriformis muscle and proximal sciatic nerve revealed a large pseudoaneurysm of the inferior gluteal artery compressing the nerve. A laparotomy was performed and the internal iliac artery was ligated, followed by evacuation of the aneurysm contents and repair of the aneurysm neck via a posterior approach. The patient has remained pain-free with progressive improvement in neurological function after 1 year follow-up. Aneurysms of the gluteal artery are unusual, predominantly occur after significant pelvic trauma, and rarely present as sciatica. Pertinent aspects of the patient history and clinical findings are atypical for discogenic sciatica. Because of the rarity of this entity, preoperative diagnosis is usually not achieved. Angiography or magnetic resonance imaging should be performed in patients with atypical sciatica and a mass in the region of the proximal sciatic nerve, particularly after trauma.
Spontaneously Ruptured Pineal Epidermoid Cyst Associated with a Thalamic Germinoma
Authors: Wang Jin , Chang Maozhi , Luo Shiqi 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
We describe a rare case of a patient who had a spontaneously ruptured pineal epidermoid cyst concurrent with a thalamic germinoma. Computed tomographic scans led to the detection of both tumors. A definite diagnosis of the free fat in the ventricle was made by its movable feature and characteristic absorption value on computed tomographic scan. Surgical treatment produced a good result.
Respiratory Epithelial Cyst of the Cerebellopontine Angle
Authors: Muller Jans , Voelker Joseph L. , Campbell Robert L. 
Published: May 2010

ABSTRACT
A case of a 29-year-old woman with a cystic lesion in the right cerebellopontine angle, who had three bouts of chemical meningitis in 1 year, is reported. The lesion proved to be a delicate, thin-walled cyst, in part with a squamous lining and in part with a respiratory epithelial (tall, columnar, ciliated, mucus-secreting) lining. Various possibilities to explain this unusual epithelium are explored.
An Assessment of the Surface Properties of Milled Attapulgite Using Inverse Gas Chromatography
Authors: Boudriche L. , Hamdi B. , Kessaïssia Z. , Calvet R. , Chamayou A. , Dodds J. A. , Balard H. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractThe most common means of reducing the particle size of solids is by grinding, a process which can affect the surface properties and the behavior of the solid in later stages (granulation, compaction, etc.), and which can influence the end-use properties of the final product. Inverse gas chromatography (IGC) measurements were used here to evaluate the influence of grinding, in a ball mill, on attapulgite. The milling experiments were performed in dry media for various periods. After 30 min of grinding, significant decreases in the particle size and specific surface areas were observed when calculated using different probes. No noticeable variation in the surface properties was observed by IGC either at infinite dilution or at finite concentration, however. In particular, the distribution functions of the adsorption energies (DFAE), giving information about the surface heterogeneity for both an apolar probe (octane) and a polar probe (isopropanol), remained unchanged, regardless of the grinding time. The stability of the surface energy with respect to the grinding process was seen to be related to the particular fibrous structure of the attapulgite clay.
Effects of Temperature, pH, and Iron/Clay and Liquid/Clay Ratios on Experimental Conversion of Dioctahedral Smectite to Berthierine, Chlorite, Vermiculite, or Saponite
Authors: Mosser-Ruck Regine , Cathelineau Michel , Guillaume Damien , Charpentier Delphine , Rousset Davy , Barres Odile , Michau Nicolas 
Published: May 2010

AbstractIn deep geological repositories for high-level nuclear wastes, interactions between steel canisters and clay-rich materials may lead to mineralogical transformations with a loss of the confining properties of the clays. Experiments simulating the conversion of smectite to Fe-rich clay phases in contact with Fe metal have been carried out to evaluate such a possibility by taking into account the effects of a series of critical parameters, including temperature, pH, and Fe/clay (Fe/C) and liquid/clay (L/C) ratios. The mineralogical and chemical transformations observed in these experiments have been compared with data from the literature, and subsequently used to propose a conceptual model for the main mineralogical transformations which can be expected in clay formations surrounding high-level nuclear waste repositories. In the presence of Fe metal and under low oxygen fugacity (<-40) the main mineralogical sequences are as follows:(1)up to 150°C, under neutral pH, and L/C > 5: dioctahedral smectite (di-sm) → 7 Å Fe-rich phase (berthierine, odinite-cronstedtite) for large Fe/C ratios (>0.5), or di-sm → Fe-rich di-sm + Fe-rich trioctahedral smectite (tri-sm) for small Fe/C ratios (0.1)(2)up to 150°C, under alkaline pH (10–12), and L/C > 5: di-sm → Fe di-sm (±palygorskite) for a small Fe/C ratio (0.1)(3)at 300°C, Fe/C = 0.1, and L/C > 5: di-sm → Fe-rich saponite → trioctahedral chlorite + feldspar + zeolite (near-neutral pH); di-sm → Fe-rich vermiculite + mordenite (pH 10–12).Low temperatures (<150°C) and large L/C and Fe/C ratios seem to favor the crystallization of the serpentine group minerals instead of Fe-rich trioctahedral smectites or chlorites, the latter being favored by higher temperatures. The role of L/C and Fe/C ratios and the competition between them at different temperatures is a crucial point in understanding the transformation of smectite in contact with Fe metal.
Numerical simulation of failure in a layered thin snowpack under skier load
Authors: Mahajan P. , Kalakuntla R. , Chandel C. 
Published: May 2010

AbstractFracture initiation and propagation in a snowpack due to compressive and shear loads, generated by the self-weight of the snow and a skier, is modeled. The snowpack has three layers, with a weak layer sandwiched between two strong layers. The height of the snowpack above the weak layer is such that failure occurs only because of additional stresses generated by the skier. A static analysis is performed to determine stresses due to the self-weight of snow, followed by an explicit dynamic analysis to determine additional stresses and subsequent failure due to skier load. The failure is either due to interface crack growth or due to middle-layer failure accompanied by slope-normal displacements. The former is modeled using cohesive elements, while a softening stress–displacement relation is used for the latter. Both mechanisms are active in the snowpack, although one may be predominant depending on slope angle, shear strength and interface energy.
Scaling relationships for constant-volume snow avalanches
Authors: Chambon Guillaume , Naaim Mohamed 
Published: May 2010

AbstractWe present simple scaling relationships that allow us to predict the main dynamical characteristics (height, length and velocity) of constant-volume snow avalanches with minimal input data. In particular, we show that both avalanche height and length can be expressed as a function only of the avalanche volume and the distance travelled by the front, independently of the specific rheological parameters of the snow. These scaling relationships are derived from a large-time asymptotic solution to the avalanche dynamic equations, corresponding to a balance between gravity and Voellmy friction (the kinematic wave approximation). Numerical simulations of the complete hydraulic shallow-flow equations confirm that this asymptotic solution, and the predicted scaling relationships, capture the main avalanche characteristics, even for relatively small travel distances. Though derived under restrictive assumptions, we argue that the scaling relationships described in this paper may constitute useful tools for avalanche engineering and design of protective structures.
Notch Target Gene Deregulation and Maintenance of the Leukemogenic Phenotype Do Not Require RBP-Jκ in Ikaros Null Mice
Authors: Chari Sheila , Umetsu Sarah E. , Winandy Susan 
Published: May 2010

Abstract
Ikaros and Notch are transcriptional regulators essential for normal T cell development. Aberrant activation of Notch target genes is observed in Ikaros-deficient thymocytes as well as leukemia cell lines. However, it is not known whether Notch deregulation plays a preferential or obligatory role in the leukemia that arise in Ikaros null (Ik−/−) mice. To answer this question, the expression of the DNA-binding Notch target gene activator RBP-Jκ was abrogated in Ik−/− double-positive thymocytes. This was accomplished through conditional inactivation using CD4-Cre transgenic mice containing floxed RBP-Jκ alleles (RBPJfl/fl). Ik−/− × RBPJfl/fl × CD4-Cre+ transgenic mice develop clonal T cell populations in the thymus that escape to the periphery, with similar kinetics and penetrance as their CD4-Cre− counterparts. The clonal populations do not display increased RBP-Jκ expression compared with nontransformed thymocytes, suggesting there is no selection for clones that have not fully deleted RBP-Jκ. However, RBPJ-deficient clonal populations do not expand as aggressively as their RBPJ-sufficient counterparts, suggesting a qualitative role for deregulated Notch target gene activation in the leukemogenic process. Finally, these studies show that RBP-Jκ plays no role in Notch target gene repression in double-positive thymocytes but rather that it is Ikaros that is required for the repression of these genes at this critical stage of T cell development.