bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of HNRNPU in Skeletal Muscle Increases Intramuscular Infiltration of Ly6C Positive Cells, leading to Muscle Atrophy through Activation of NF‐κB Signaling
Authors: Lee Eun‐Joo , Charles Julia F. , Sinha Indranil , Neppl Ronald L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U (hnRNPU) is known to play multiple biological roles by regulating transcriptional expression, RNA splicing, RNA stability, and chromatin structure in a tissue‐dependent manner. The role of hnRNPU in skeletal muscle development and maintenance has not been previously evaluated. In this study, skeletal muscle specific hnRNPU knock out mice is utilized and evaluated skeletal muscle mass and immune cell infiltration through development. By 4 weeks, muscle‐specific hnRNPU knockout mice revealed Ly6C+ monocyte infiltration into skeletal muscle, which preceded muscle atrophy. Canonical NF‐kB signaling is activated in a myofiber‐autonomous manner with hnRNPU repression. Inducible hnRNPU skeletal muscle knockout mice further demonstrated that deletion of hnRNPU in adulthood is sufficient to cause muscle atrophy, suggesting that hnRNPU's role in muscle maintenance is not during development alone. Treatment with salirasib, to inhibit proliferation of immune cells, prevents muscle atrophy in muscle‐specific hnRNPU knock out mice, indicating that immune cell infiltration plays causal role in muscle atrophy of hnRNPU knock out mice. Overall, the findings suggest that loss of hnRNPU triggers muscle inflammation and activates NF‐κB signaling in a cell‐autonomous manner, culminating in muscle atrophy.
Realization of Fully High‐Spin State and Strong Ferromagnetism in LaCoO3 Monolayer
Authors: Liu Junhua , Si Liang , Zhang Qinghua , Wang Xiao , Freese Jessica , Harris Grant , Wu Mei , Zhang Xinxin , Lin Ting , Sutarto Ronny , Herrero‐Martín Javier , Guillemard Charles , Valvidares Manuel , Li Lin , Gao Xiaofei , Ji Yaoyao , Deng Zhixiong , Hong Yuhao , Wei Long , Gan Yulin , Wang Lingfei , Cheng Guanglei , Gao Peng , Gu Lin , Zhang Jiandi , Hu Zhiwei , Tjeng Liu Hao , Green Robert J. , Chen Kai , Liao Zhaoliang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerovskite LaCoO3 is a subject of extensive and ongoing investigation due to the delicate competition between high‐spin (HS) and low‐spin (LS) states of Co3+. On the other hand, their indistinct free energy boundary poses a significant challenge to annihilate the magnetically/electrically inert LS Co3+ for yielding fully HS state. Here, electronic transformation from the conventional isovalent mixed HS/LS state () into an unprecedented aliovalent fully HS state () is demonstrated in monolayer LaCoO3 confined by 5d SrIrO3 slabs via atomically constructing SrIrO3/LaCoO3 superlattices. Excitingly, this emergent fully HS monolayer exhibits not only remarkable 2D ferromagnetism beyond the Mermin–Wagner restriction, but also larger magnetization (≈1.8µB/Co) and higher Curie temperature (above 100 K) than that of conventional thick film and any previously reported oxide‐based monolayer ferromagnets. Furthermore, Ir/Co hybridization driven orbital reconstruction with polarization beyond standard crystal field expectations is observed, which is supported by DFT calculations. The findings not only expand the electronic phase domains of LCO into fully HS state, but also provide a fresh platform for investigating the 2D magnetic physics under strongly spin‐orbit coupled regime and developing new 2D spintronic devices.
Peroxidase‐Mimicking Iron‐Based Single‐Atom Upconversion Photocatalyst for Enhancing Chemodynamic Therapy
Authors: Le Xuan Thien , Nguyen Nguyen Thi , Lee Woo Tak , Yang Yunkyu , Choi Han‐Gon , Youn Yu Seok 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) has emerged as a novel approach to overcome cancer resistance and enhance anticancer efficacy. Despite the considerable effort devoted to current chemodynamic therapeutic agents, developing efficient delivery systems to induce ferroptosis remains demanding due to their limited efficacy and lack of selectivity. Herein, an iron‐based single‐atom upconversion photocatalyst (UmFe‐OA@hPM) mimicking natural horseradish peroxidases has been developed. This nanoformulation not only targets tumors via the existence of a hybrid platelet membrane (hPM) coating but also generates excessive hydroxyl radicals in response to both tumor microenvironment and external laser irradiation. This nanoenzyme overcomes the low tissue penetration of UV light, which sensitizes the iron‐doped graphitic carbon nitride network, attributed to the unique anti‐Stokes shift from infrared to UV displayed by upconversion nanoparticles. Together with an increase in intracellular polyunsaturated fatty acid accumulation induced by oleanolic acid (OA), lipid peroxidation is significantly elevated, leading to the enhancement of CDT. UmFe‐OA@hPM is demonstrated to induce significant ferroptosis in vitro, superior antitumor efficacy in breast cancer mouse models, and suppression of metastasis status when incorporated with an immune checkpoint blockade. These findings provide a potential strategy for developing a precisely controlled CDT to deal with aggressive cancers, especially in combination with immunotherapy.
Atomically Precise Hexanuclear Ce(IV) Clusters as Functional Fluorescent Nanosensors for Rapid One‐Step Detection of PFAS
Authors: Hassan Mohamed H. , Khan Reem , Andreescu Daniel , Shrestha Shreetu , Cotlet Mircea , Andreescu Silvana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe presence of poly‐ and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment is associated with adverse health effects but measuring PFAS is challenging due to the associated high cost and technical complexities of the analysis. Here, the reactivity of atomically precise metal‐oxo clusters is reported and the foundation for their use is provided as fluorescent nanosensors for PFAS detection. The material comprises crystalline, water soluble, hexanuclear cerium‐oxo clusters [Ce6(µ3‐O)4(µ3‐OH)4]12+ decorated with glycine molecules (Ce‐Gly) characterized by fluorescence emission at 353 nm. The Ce‐Gly fluorescence is found sensitive to long chain carboxylated PFAS of CF3–(CF2)n –, where n ≥ 6, such as perfluorooctanoic, perfluorononanoic and perfluorodecanoic acids. This unique reactivity leads to a change in the emission spectra in a concentration dependent manner, enabling PFAS detection through ligand exchange and aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) enhancement. No significant cross‐reactivity from potentially co‐existing species, including sulfonated PFAS, octanoic and dodecanoic acids, humic acid, and inorganic ions is observed. With an optimal concentration of 3.3 µg mL−1 Ce‐Gly, the method demonstrated detection limits of 0.24 ppb for PFOA and 0.4 ppb for PFNA. These findings highlight the potential of fluorescence‐based detection strategies utilizing nanoscale probes such as Ce‐Gly as fluorescent probes and nanosensors for PFAS.
Novel Multifunctional Meta‐Surface Plasmon Resonance Chip Microplate for High‐Throughput Molecular Screening
Authors: Chen Youqian , Zhang Huazhi , Li Rui , Fan Hongli , Huang Junjie , Zhou Rui , Yin Shaoping , Liu Gang L. , Huang Liping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe utilization of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors for real‐time label‐free molecular interaction analysis is already being employed in the fields of in vitro diagnostics and biomedicine. However, the widespread application of SPR technology is hindered by its limited detection throughput and high cost. To address this issue, this study introduces a novel multifunctional MetaSPR high‐throughput microplate biosensor featuring 3D nanocups array structure, aiming to achieve high‐throughput screening with a reduced cost and enhanced speed. Different types of MetaSPR sensors and analytical detection methods have been developed for accurate antibody subtype identification, epitope binding, affinity determination, antibody collocation, and quantitative detection， greatly promoting the screening and analysis of early‐stage antibody drugs. The MetaSPR platform combined with nano‐enhanced particles amplifies the detection signal and improves the detection sensitivity, making it more convenient, sensitive, and efficient than traditional ELISA. The findings demonstrate that the MetaSPR biosensor is a new practical technology detection platform that can improve the efficiency of biomolecular interaction studies with unlimited potential for new drug development.
3D Intelligent Cloaked Vehicle Equipped with Thousand‐Level Reconfigurable Full‐Polarization Metasurfaces
Authors: Wang Zhedong , Qian Chao , Lin Pujing , Zheng Bin , Kim Gyeongtae , Noh Jaebum , Li Erping , Rho Junsuk , Chen Hongsheng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA crucial aspect in shielding a variety of advanced electronic devices from electromagnetic detection involves controlling the flow of electromagnetic waves, akin to invisibility cloaks. Decades ago, the exploration of transformation optics heralded the dawn of modern invisibility cloaks, which has stimulated immense interest across various physical scenarios. However, most prior research is simplified to low‐dimensional and stationary hidden objects, limiting their practical applicability in a dynamically changing world. This study develops a 3D large‐scale intelligent cloak capable of remaining undetectable even in non‐stationary conditions. By employing thousand‐level reconfigurable full‐polarization metasurfaces, this work has achieved an exceptionally high degree of freedom in sculpting the scattering waves as desired. Serving as the core computational unit, a hybrid inverse design enables the cloaked vehicle to respond in real‐time, with a rapid reaction time of just 70 ms. These experiments integrate the cloaked vehicle with a perception‐decision‐control‐execution system and evaluate its performance under random static positions and dynamic travelling trajectories, achieving a background scattering matching degree of up to 93.3%. These findings establish a general paradigm for the next generation of intelligent meta‐devices in real‐world settings, potentially paving the way for an era of “Electromagnetic Internet of Things.”
Advancing Sustainable Energy: Exploring New Frontiers and Opportunities in the Green Transition
Authors: Soni Neetesh , Singh Pravin Kumar , Mallick Soumyoraj , Pandey Yash , Tiwari Sreyansh , Mishra Anshuman , Tiwari Ashutosh 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe current global scenario underlines the urgency of addressing energy consumption and its environmental implications. Contemporary international strategies aim to foster public awareness and engagement in sustainable energy initiatives. The World Environment Protection Commission aspires to qualify for an equitable transition toward energy‐efficient technologies, strategic policies, and achieving net‐zero carbon emissions. The principal aspiration is to enhance community understanding of energy and environmental policies. Furthermore, a root cause analysis reveals that understanding the foundational factors, both internal and external, underpinning the attainment of these objectives is of paramount importance. This study investigates the comparative advantages of renewable energy over non‐renewable sources. It conducts a thorough analysis of various factors, encompassing energy sourcing, variables, challenges, technological progress, and the deployment of energy‐efficient systems. Utilizing a strategic approach and conducting pre‐ and post‐analysis data evaluations, it aims to promote the adoption of sustainable practices for a greener future. Emphasizing the importance of international cooperation and the effective implementation of policies, this research underscores the critical role of practical action in fostering energy sustainability and environmental preservation.
Electronic Doping in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Molenda Zuzanna , Chambon Sylvain , Bassani Dario M. , Hirsch Lionel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe popularity of metal halide perovskites is in part the result of their versatility in numerous applications. To date, perovskites are used in their intrinsic, undoped form, as the doping of these materials is not yet adequately mastered. Herein, the recently reported electronic doping of CH3NH3PbI3 is employed to fabricate perovskite solar cells in which the interfacial electron transport layer (ETL) is replaced by n‐doping of one side of the perovskite film. The doping involves the incorporation of metastable Sm2+ ions that undergo an in situ oxidation to Sm3+, releasing electrons to the conduction band to render the perovskite n‐type. In spite of the lack of an ETL, these solar cells have the same efficiency as the samples with the ETL. The open circuit voltage of the doped solar cells increases proportionally to the doping concentration due to the narrowing of the depletion layer thickness at the interface of the perovskite and the top electrode, reaching the value of ≈1 V for the doped ETL‐free device, the same as for the reference sample. These proof‐of‐concept results represent the first step toward perovskite‐based devices incorporating a p‐n homojunction.
Comprehensive evaluation of the DSSAT‐CSM‐CERES‐Wheat for simulating winter rye against multi‐environment data in Germany
Authors: Shawon Ashifur Rahman , Memic Emir , Kottmann Lorenz , Uptmoor Ralf , Hackauf Bernd , Feike Til 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCrop models are valuable tools for simulating and assessing genotype‐by‐environment interactions. In most studies, these models are parameterized based on crop data from a few sites and years, which often limits their applicability to a broader geographic context. Therefore, we utilize countrywide multi‐environment variety trial data in this study to implement a genotype‐specific model parameterization for winter rye (Secale cereale L.) in Germany. We use the Crop and Environment REsource Synthesis (CERES) model originally used for wheat available in the decision support system for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) framework and adapt and evaluate it for rye. Calibration and evaluation involved a comprehensive agronomic trial datasets for the rye cultivar Palazzo, encompassing 194 site‐years of experiments covering various cereal production regions in Germany. The parameterization followed a structured approach, encompassing phenology, growth, and yield‐specific coefficients. The parameterized CSM‐CERES‐Rye (where CSM is cropping system model) demonstrated reasonable accuracy in simulating critical crop parameters, including aboveground biomass, leaf area index, tiller, grain number, unit seed weight, and grain yield. The model is available for diverse model‐based assessments of rye cultivation, including evaluating crop management, analyzing crop rotations, and assessing rye's suitability across varied environments, making it valuable for sustainable agriculture and decision‐making.
Microarthropods improve oat nutritional quality and mediate fertilizer effects on soil biological activity
Authors: Jernigan Ashley B. , Kao‐Kniffin Jenny , Pethybridge Sarah , Wickings Kyle 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSoil biological processes are important drivers of crop productivity in agroecosystems. Soil microarthropods play key roles in nutrient cycling and plant nutrient acquisition, though little is known about how these effects manifest in crop production under different organic fertilizer amendments. We explored the interactive effects of microarthropods and fertilizers on crop productivity in two greenhouse experiments: experiment one involved a single Collembola species, and experiment two involved diverse microarthropod communities. Oats were grown as a model crop in both experiments under one of three initial fauna abundance levels (none, low, and high). In both experiments, four organic fertilization treatments were compared: alfalfa green manure, Kreher's Poultry Litter Compost, Chilean nitrate, and a nonamended control. Oat growth and development were evaluated weekly. During each experiment, 48 pots were selected randomly for destructive harvest at two separate times to mimic forage and grain harvest stages. At each harvest, multiple soil metrics (microarthropods, microbial biomass, microbial enzymes, and soil carbon and nitrogen) and plant metrics (biomass, reproduction, and tissue carbon and nitrogen content) were evaluated. Our findings indicated that microarthropods, both single species and diverse communities, stimulated nitrogen cycling and enhanced crop nutrient status. As microarthropod abundance and diversity increased, microarthropods exerted more effects on soil microbial activity. The effects of the microarthropods enhance the breakdown of fertilizers, ultimately making fertilizer choice less important for soil processes and plant nutrient availability. Our findings suggest that microarthropods drove oat production yields primarily through their effects on soil biological processes.
Osteopathia striata with cranial sclerosis as a cancer predisposition syndrome: The first report of neuroblastoma and review of all cancers in OSCS
Authors: Abu‐El‐Haija Aya , Dillahunt Kyle , Safina Nicole , Aldeeri Abdulrahman , Glavan Tomislav , Mihalek Ivana , Shinawi Marwan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOsteopathia Striata with Cranial Sclerosis (OSCS) is a rare genetic condition primarily characterized by metaphyseal striations of long bones, bone sclerosis, macrocephaly, and other congenital anomalies. It is caused by pathogenic variants in AMER1, a tumor suppressor and a WNT signaling repressor gene with key roles in tissue regeneration, neurodevelopment, tumorigenesis, and other developmental processes. While somatic AMER1 pathogenic variants have frequently been identified in several tumor types (e.g., Wilms tumor and colorectal cancer), whether OSCS (i.e., with AMER1 germline variants) is a tumor predisposition syndrome is not clear, with only nine cases reported with tumors. We here report the first case of neuroblastoma diagnosed in a male child with OSCS, review all previously reported tumors diagnosed in individuals with OSCS, and discuss potential tumorigenic mechanisms of AMER1. Our report adds to the accumulating evidence suggesting OSCS is a tumor predisposition condition, highlighting the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for the associated tumors when evaluating patients with OSCS. Importantly, Wilms tumor stands out as the most commonly observed tumor in OSCS patients, underscoring the need for regular surveillance.
LZTFL1, a rare cause of Bardet–Biedl syndrome: A new patient with severe short stature and moderate intellectual disability, more than casual associations?
Authors: Gana Simone , Di Biagio Marta , Carraro Laura , Rossetto Gloria , Scarpelli Laura , Scognamillo Ilaria , Valente Enza Maria , Signorini Sabrina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is an inherited ciliopathy affecting multiple organs and systems with wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity. To date, biallelic variants of the LZTFL1 gene have been reported only in six patients with BBS. We identified a homozygous LZTFL1 nonsense variant in a boy presenting with classical BBS features. In addition, he showed a more pronounced cognitive impairment than previously reported subjects and severe short stature, matching the phenotype displayed by some other patients with LZTFL1 variants and lztfl1 knock‐out mice. This case report contributes to a better understanding of the clinical spectrum associated with LZTFL1 pathogenic variants, and highlights possible genotype–phenotype correlations.
Approaching Sustainable Lithium‐Ion Batteries through Voltage‐Responsive Smart Prelithiation Separator with Surface‐Engineered Sacrificial Lithium Agents
Authors: Chang Xin , Fan Min , Yuan Boheng , He Wei‐Huan , Gu Chao‐Fan , Li Chen , Meng Qinghai , Guo Yu‐Guo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe surge in lithium‐ion batteries has heightened concerns regarding metal resource depletion and the environmental impact of spent batteries. Battery recycling has become paramount globally, but conventional techniques, while effective at extracting transition metals like cobalt and nickel from cathodes, often overlook widely used spent LiFePO4 due to its abundant and low‐cost iron content. Direct regeneration, a promising approach for restoring deteriorated cathodes, is hindered by practicality and cost issues despite successful methods like solid‐state sintering. Hence, a smart prelithiation separator based on surface‐engineered sacrificial lithium agents is proposed. Benefiting from the synergistic anionic and cationic redox, the prelithiation separator can intelligently release or intake active lithium via voltage regulation. The staged lithium replenishment strategy was implemented, successfully restoring spent LiFePO4’s capacity to 163.7 mAh g−1 and a doubled life. Simultaneously, the separator can absorb excess active lithium up to approximately 600 mAh g−1 below 2.5 V to prevent over‐lithiation of the cathode This innovative, straightforward, and cost‐effective strategy paves the way for the direct regeneration of spent batteries, expanding the possibilities in the realm of lithium‐ion battery recycling.
Mechanochemical Backbone Editing for Controlled Degradation of Vinyl Polymers
Authors: Li Zhuang , Zhang Xiaohui , Zhao Yajun , Tang Shan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe chemically inert nature of fully saturated hydrocarbon backbones endows vinyl polymers with desirable durability, but it also leads to their significant environmental persistence. Enhancing the sustainability of these materials requires a pivotal yet challenging shift: transforming the inert backbone into one that is degradable. Here, we present a versatile platform for mechanochemically editing the fully saturated backbone of vinyl polymers towards degradable polymer chains by integrating cyclobutene‐fused succinimide (CBS) units along backbone through photo‐iniferter reversible addition‐fragmentation chain‐transfer (RAFT) copolymerization. Significantly, the evenly insertion of CBS units does not compromise thermal or chemical stability but rather offers a means to adjust the properties of polymethylacrylate (PMA). Meanwhile, reactive acyclic imide units can be selectively introduced to the backbone through mechanochemical activation (pulse ultrasonication or ball‐milling grinding) when required. Subsequent hydrolysis of the acyclic imide groups enables efficient degradation, yielding telechelic oligomers. This approach holds promise for inspiring the design and modification of more environmentally friendly vinyl polymers through backbone editing.
pH‐Universal Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction with Ampere‐Level Current Density on Doping‐Engineered Bismuth Sulfide
Authors: Jiang Zinan , Ren Shan , Cao Xi , Fan Qikui , Yu Rui , Yang Jian , Mao Junjie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe practical application of the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to form formic acid fuel is hindered by the limited activation of CO2 molecules and the lack of universal feasibility across different pH levels. Herein, we report a doping‐engineered bismuth sulfide pre‐catalyst (BiS‐1) that S is partially retained after electrochemical reconstruction into metallic Bi for CO2RR to formate/formic acid with ultrahigh performance across a wide pH range. The best BiS‐1 maintains a Faraday efficiency (FE) of ~95 % at 2000 mA cm−2 in a flow cell under neutral and alkaline solutions. Furthermore, the BiS‐1 catalyst shows unprecedentedly high FE (~95 %) with current densities from 100 to 1300 mA cm−2 under acidic solutions. Notably, the current density can reach 700 mA cm−2 while maintaining a FE of above 90 % in a membrane electrode assembly electrolyzer and operate stably for 150 h at 200 mA cm−2. In situ spectra and density functional theory calculations reveals that the S doping modulates the electronic structure of Bi and effectively promotes the formation of the HCOO* intermediate for formate/formic acid generation. This work develops the efficient and stable electrocatalysts for sustainable formate/formic acid production.