bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender Disparity in Academic Trauma Surgery: The Current State of Affairs
Authors: Ali Farhan Syed , Hasnain Nimra , Moorpani Manpreet , Sajid Emad-ud-din , Shahid Izza , Anand Tanya , Khosa Faisal 
Published: June 2024

Introduction Despite the increasing number of female surgeons in general surgery programs, women are still inadequately represented in leadership positions. This study aims to investigate the magnitude of gender bias in university-based trauma surgery fellowship programs and leadership positions in the United States of America. Material and Methods FRIEDA was used to identify trauma surgery programs. A thorough website review of each program obtained further information on faculty members, including their name, age, gender, and faculty rank. Trauma surgeons with an MD or DO qualification and a faculty rank of Professor, Associate Professor, or Assistant Professor were selected for inclusion in this study. SCOPUS was used to assess the H-index and the number of publications and citations of surgeons. Results The total number of programs included was 136, consisting of 715 faculty members. Less than a quarter (n = 166; 23.2%) comprised females and less than one-fifth (n = 30; 19%) of female surgeons were Professors. The difference in the research productivity of male and female trauma surgeons was statistically significant ( P < .05), with the average H-index being 10 vs 7.5, respectively, amongst the top 50 surgeons of both genders. Based on a multiple regression analysis, academic rank was significantly associated ( P < .05), and gender was not significantly associated ( P > .05) with H-index. Conclusion Gender disparity exists in the field of trauma surgery, as noted in senior faculty ranks and leadership positions. Female-inclusive state policies, appropriate mentorship, and supportive institutions can help to bridge this gap.
Epidemiology of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media in the United States
Authors: Gupta Ankur , Thai Anthony , Santa Maria Peter Luke 
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, and associated demographic factors of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM), utilizing a nationwide healthcare claims database. Methods: This retrospective study utilized outpatient administrative claims data from the IBM MarketScan Research Database from 2007 to 2021. The database (11 246 909 584 claims with 148 147 615 unique patients) includes health data from the private-sector, Medicare/Medicaid, managed care providers, and EMR providers. Included patients had a diagnosis of CSOM based on ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes. Prevalence and health utilization were estimated by age, gender, and geographic region. Results: In the United States, the estimated CSOM prevalence and incidence was 0.46% and 0.03%, respectively. Among CSOM patients (n = 679 906), mean age (SD) was 8.1 (15.4) years, and 52.8% were male. Most patients (81.1%) were aged 0 to 10 years. CSOM prevalence was lower in females (OR = 0.64, 95% CI 0.64-0.65, P < .001), less common in older age (OR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.94-0.94, P < .001), and highest in the South region (OR = 2.08, 95% CI 2.06-2.09, P < .001). Conclusion: Our results show CSOM prevalence (0.46%) is similar to other developed countries. CSOM prevalence was highest in those aged 0 to 10 years, in males and in the South region. Of note, prevalence and cost are likely significantly underestimated given limitations in accurate ICD-CM coding and the exclusion of uninsured patients. Further epidemiological studies are warranted to characterize the impact of CSOM on the US healthcare system.
Effects of Parental Predictors on Postpartum Depression
Authors: Shorey Shefaly , Thilagamangai  , Mathews Jancy , Lim Siew Hoon , Shi Luming , Chua Jing Shi , Du Ruochen , Chan Yiong Huak , Tan Thiam Chye , Chee Cornelia , Chong Yap Seng 
Published: June 2024

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is highly prevalent and plagues a significant proportion of parents. Postpartum depression also exerts various negative consequences on infant development and parent-infant relationships. Social support is identified as an important factor influencing many parental predictors, and may affect the development of PPD. Objective: This study aimed to investigate how perceived social support can indirectly influence PPD symptoms in parents at 6 months postpartum by influencing postpartum anxiety, parental satisfaction, and parental self-efficacy (PSE). Methods: A secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial was used with a cross-sectional exploratory design. A total of 400 Singaporean parents (200 couples) were included, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the relationships between PPD and potential predictors. Results: Findings revealed a less adequate fit between the hypothesized model and the data collected. Social support was found to be a significant predictor of postpartum anxiety, PSE, and parental satisfaction. Postpartum anxiety was a significant predictor of PPD, but PSE and parental satisfaction were not. Conclusion: This study provides an overview of how different parental predictors may be associated with PPD among Asian parents. Postpartum anxiety significantly predicted PPD, but social support had negative effects on postpartum anxiety, parenting satisfaction, and PSE. The findings provide further insight into how parents at risk of PPD can be identified and demonstrated how social support might negatively impact parental outcomes. More qualitative research with Asian parents is needed to further explain these findings and inform the development of future interventions.
Heterogeneous Effect of Renewable Energy Policies on Resource Misallocation: Evidence From Chinese Zombie Firms
Authors: Yi Jiahui , Dai Sheng , Cheng Jinhua , Dai Yueer 
Published: June 2024

Renewable energy policies are recognized as the cornerstone of the low-carbon energy transition. However, they may cause resource misallocation between firms due to information asymmetries and differences in productivity, marginal costs, and revenues. This paper investigates the direct effects of heterogeneous renewable energy policies on resource misallocation and the mediating effects of zombie firms by using the Chinese renewable energy listed firms in the period 1995 to 2020. The empirical results show that the regulation policy not only significantly reduces resource misallocation directly but also indirectly decreases misallocation by inhibiting the formation of zombie firms, whereas economic incentives can significantly result in resource misallocation and exacerbate it by breeding zombie firms. Furthermore, heterogeneous policy effects and the mediating effects of zombie firms are found to be associated with financial dependence, factor intensity, and location. The results have profound policy implications, calling for reasonable regulations, efficient economic incentives, and scientifically targeted policies for renewable energy firms. JEL Classification: C33, C54, O13, Q28, Q48
Comparing Marital Adjustment in Couples Having Alcohol- or Opioid-dependent Husbands
Authors: Bisoi Sayani , Kaloiya Gauri Shanker , Dhawan Anju , Sarkar Siddharth 
Published: June 2024

Background:Substance use disorder is a complex bio-psycho-social phenomenon affecting the intimate relationship of substance users with their wives. Marital adjustment may be affected due to the ongoing substance use involving the family unit.Aim:The present study aimed to compare marital adjustment between alcohol- or opioid-dependent patients and their spouses.Methods:The present cross-sectional observational study compared 25 dyads each of alcohol- and opioid-dependence syndrome taken from the outpatient department of an addiction treatment center in north India. Marital adjustment was compared using the Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (MAQ). Maudsley Addiction Profile and Eysenck’s Personality Questionnaire were also applied to the patients, and Social Support Questionnaire was applied to both patients and spouses.Results:There was no significant difference in the sexual, social, and emotional domains and total MAQ scores between patients with alcohol- and opioid-dependence syndrome or their spouses. There was a significant positive correlation between the sexual domain score of MAQ of alcohol-dependent patients and their spouses ( r = 0.655, p < .001). The Maudsley Addiction Profile parameters, personality profile, and social support did not differ significantly across the two groups.Conclusion:Marital adjustment are probably equal in patients and spouses of alcohol and opioid dependence syndrome. A small sample size is a limitation of this study.
Diagnostic value of fibrinogen in lower extremity deep vein thrombosis caused by rib fracture: A retrospective study
Authors: Feng Lei , Xie Zexin , Zhou Xuetao , Yang Yang , Liang Zheng , Hou Chunjuan , Liu Lili , Zhang Dongsheng 
Published: June 2024

Objectives: To investigate the diagnostic value of fibrinogen (FIB) in patients with rib fractures complicated by lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Methods: Analyzing data from 493 patients at Shijiazhuang Third Hospital, FIB levels at 24, 48, and 72 h post-injury were compared between DVT and non-DVT groups. Results: DVT group had elevated FIB levels at all times ( p < .001). FIB at 24 h showed highest AUC, particularly in patients with BMI <28. Conclusion: In conclusion, measuring FIB at 24 h post-injury enhances DVT detection in rib fracture patients, with potential BMI-related variations.
Breast Milk Output and Factors Influencing Sustained Feeding with Mother’s Own Milk in Very Preterm Births: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Nair Sruthi , Shroff Aditi , Raggala Yadalakshmi , Deshabotla Sai Kiran , Varadhelli Venkatakeshwarlu , Oleti Tejo Pratap 
Published: June 2024

Background In very low birth weight infants, mother’s own milk (MOM) feeding is an essential part of the bundle of best practices to reduce potentially preventable neonatal morbidities and associated costs. Mothers of preterm infants can have an altered sequence of lactogenesis because of their preterm delivery and mother–infant separation. Healthy mothers with term infants typically experience coming to volume (CTV), that is, MOM volume of ≥ 500 ml/day, by the end of the second week of postpartum. There is paucity of data regarding MOM output in preterm mothers. Objective To assess MOM output and factors influencing MOM volume among mothers delivering <32 weeks during the first two weeks after birth. To determine the proportion of mothers attaining CTV and whether the first two weeks’ MOM volume predicts MOM feeding at discharge and 40 weeks corrected gestational age (CGA). Methodology In this prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care NICU over a period of 18 months, the milk output of the preterm mothers was quantified, and the proportion of infants fed with MOM at discharge and 40 weeks of corrected age was assessed. Results The median milk output per day at the end of the first and second weeks was 180 IQR (100, 290) ml and 300 IQR (178, 420) ml, respectively. Earlier initiation of kangaroo mother care, higher birth weight of the infant, increase in the frequency of daytime milk expression and non-nutritive suckling (NNS) contributed to increased MOM output per day. The proportion of mothers who came to volume (milk output of ≥500 ml/day) by day 14 was 26 (19%). The proportion of babies on predominant MOM feeding at discharge and at 40 weeks’ follow-up was 96 (72%) and 75 (61.5%) infants, respectively. Mothers who came to volume were more likely to feed MOM at 40 weeks [odds ratio (OR) 5.2 (1.2–23.0)]. Conclusion Higher birth weight, more frequency of daytime milk expression, earlier initiation of KMC and NNS and longer duration of KMC are factors improving the MOM output. Mothers who came to volume by the first two weeks after birth sustained feeding with MOM till 40 weeks CGA.
Factors Associated With Outcomes of Facial Reconstruction After Mohs Micrographic Surgery
Authors: Ji Jenny , Alexander Nora , Enin Kwasi , Spataro Emily 
Published: June 2024

Study Design Retrospective cohort study. Objective To determine patient, defect, and surgical factors associated with facial reconstructive outcomes. Methods Post-Mohs Micrographic Surgery (MMS) facial reconstructions performed at a single institution between 2015-2020 were reviewed. Patient demographics, comorbidities, defect characteristics, type and timing of reconstruction, and postoperative complications and revisions were collected. Data was analyzed with multivariable logistic regressions. Results 245 defects in 220 patients (median age 66 years, 143 (65%) female) were included. Most were located on the nose (68%), and median size was 3.0 cm2 (IQR 1.32-7.5 cm2). Defect size over 10 cm2 (OR 5.176, 95% CI 1.353-19.808) and two-staged melolabial flaps (OR 4.021, 95% CI 1.525-10.603) were associated with complications after univariate analysis. Nasal tip defects (OR 2.324, 95% CI 1.076-5.019) were associated with minor revisions. Major revisions were associated with nasal sidewall (OR 2.873, 95% CI 1.125-7.336) and tip (OR 2.780, 95% CI 1.145-6.749) defects, ear cartilage grafts (OR 3.373, 95% CI 1.382-8.231), two-staged paramedian forehead flaps (OR 19.273, 95% CI 6.864-54.112), and delayed reconstruction over 14 days (OR 5.727, 95% CI 1.298-25.281). On multivariable analysis, defect size over 10 cm2 (aOR 4.972, 95% CI 1.286-19.073) and two-staged melolabial flaps (aOR 4.575, 95% CI 1.628-12.857) were independently associated with complications, while two-staged paramedian forehead flaps (aOR 14.421, 95% CI 3.976-52.310) were independently associated with major revisions. Conclusions More complex reconstructions with larger defects and interpolated flaps were associated with revision surgery and complications of facial reconstruction following MMS.
Mid- to Long-Term Outcomes in Patients After Hip Arthroscopy With Labral Reconstruction: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kim David Nam-Woo , Fong Scott , Park Nancy , Simington Jacquelyn , Atadja Louise , Pettinelli Nicholas , Lee Michael S. , Gillinov Stephen M. , Maldonado David R. , Jimenez Andrew E. 
Published: June 2024

Background: There is a paucity of aggregate data documenting mid- to long-term outcomes of patients after hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction. Purpose: To report mid- to long-term outcomes in patients after undergoing either primary or revision hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction for the treatment of irreparable labral tears. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A systematic review of the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases in May 2022 was conducted with the following keywords: “hip arthroscopy,”“labral reconstruction,”“irreparable,”“labrum,”“reconstruction,”“five-year,”“midterm,”“5 year,”“long-term,”“10 year,” ten-year,” and “femoroacetabular impingement” using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. Midterm was defined as mean 5-year follow-up, and long-term was defined as mean 10-year or longer follow-up. For each included article, the demographic, radiographic, intraoperative, and surgical variables, as well as patient-reported outcomes (PROs), psychometric thresholds, and secondary surgeries were recorded. Forest plots were created for PROs that were reported in ≥3 studies; heterogeneity was assessed using I2 values. Results: Out of 463 initial articles, 5 studies including 178 hips with primary and 41 hips with revision surgeries were included. One study had an average 5-year follow-up, three studies had a minimum 5-year follow-up and one study had a minimum 10-year follow-up. The most common indications for hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction were irreparable labral tears. The most common PRO was the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), which was reported in all 5 studies. The mean preoperative mHHS ranged from 58.9 to 66, and the mean postoperative mHHS at minimum 5-year follow-up ranged from 80.2 to 89. The preoperative and postoperative mHHSs for the single long-term follow-up study were 60 and 82, respectively. All 5 studies demonstrated significant improvements in reported PROs. All 5 studies reported secondary surgery rates, with 1 study reporting rates at both 5- and 10-year follow-up. Conversion to total hip arthroplasty ranged from 0% to 27%, while overall secondary surgery rates ranged from 0% to 36%. Conclusion: Findings demonstrated that patients undergoing primary and revision hip arthroscopy with labral reconstruction experienced favorable outcomes and high rates of clinical benefit and survivorship at mid- to long-term follow-up.
Capsular Repair Versus No Repair After Hip Arthroscopy in Patients Without Dysplasia or Generalized Ligamentous Laxity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shen Lin-Yi , Li Qian-Ru , Xue Xiao-Ao , Li Hong , Li Hong-Yun 
Published: June 2024

Background: Many recent studies have shown that patients who undergo capsular repair after hip arthroscopy achieve superior clinical outcomes compared with those who do not. However, patients with dysplasia or generalized ligamentous laxity (GLL) were not excluded from most of these studies, which may have affected the outcomes. Purpose: To determine whether capsular repair influences the outcomes of hip arthroscopy for patients without dysplasia or GLL. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Under the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines, randomized controlled trials comparing the outcomes of capsulotomy with versus without repair were included, but studies that included patients with dysplasia or GLL were excluded. The study outcomes were patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) at 6 months and 2 years postoperatively—including the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score–Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), and Hip Outcome Score–Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS)— and were compared between the repair and no-repair groups. A narrative analysis and meta-analysis were performed to integrate and compare the results of the 2 groups. In the meta-analysis of the outcome measures, studies with significant differences in the preoperative scores between the repair and no-repair groups were excluded because previous studies have shown that these can affect the outcomes. Results: A total of 761 studies were initially identified, of which 3 were included. Of the 322 included patients, 136 underwent capsular repair, and 186 underwent capsulotomy with no repair. The meta-analysis showed that capsular repair was associated with significantly higher postoperative PROMs: the mHHS at 2 years ( P = .03), the HOS-ADL at 6 months ( P = .02) and 2 years ( P < .0001), and the HOS-SSS at 6 months ( P = .02) and 2 years ( P = .001). Conclusion: Capsular repair after hip arthroscopy was associated with superior clinical outcomes when compared with no capsular repair in patients without dysplasia or GLL.
vSNP: a SNP pipeline for the generation of transparent SNP matrices and phylogenetic trees from whole genome sequencing data sets
Authors: Hicks Jessica , Stuber Tod , Lantz Kristina , Torchetti Mia , Robbe-Austerman Suelee 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Several single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) pipelines exist, each offering its own advantages. Among them and described here is vSNP that has been developed over the past decade and is specifically tailored to meet the needs of diagnostic laboratories. Laboratories that aim to provide rapid whole genome sequencing results during outbreak investigations face unique challenges. vSNP addresses these challenges by enabling users to verify and validate sequence accuracy with ease- having utility across various pathogens, being fully auditable, and presenting results that are easy to interpret and can be comprehended by individuals with diverse backgrounds.

Results
vSNP has proven effective for real-time phylogenetic analysis of disease outbreaks and eradication efforts, including bovine tuberculosis, brucellosis, virulent Newcastle disease, SARS-CoV-2, African swine fever, and highly pathogenic avian influenza. The pipeline produces easy-to-read SNP matrices, sorted for convenience, as well as corresponding phylogenetic trees, making the output easily understandable. Essential data for verifying SNPs is included in the output, and the process has been divided into two steps for ease of use and faster processing times. vSNP requires minimal computational resources to run and can be run in a wide range of environments. Several utilities have been developed to make analysis more accessible for subject matter experts who may not have computational expertise.

Conclusion
The vSNP pipeline integrates seamlessly into a diagnostic workflow and meets the criteria for quality control accreditation programs, such as 17025 by the International Organization for Standardization. Its versatility and robustness make it suitable for use with a diverse range of organisms, providing detailed, reproducible, and transparent results, making it a valuable tool in various applications, including phylogenetic analysis performed in real time.
Reproduction-associated pathways in females of gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) shed light on the molecular mechanisms of the coexistence of asexual and sexual reproduction
Authors: Jacques Florian , Tichopád Tomáš , Demko Martin , Bystrý Vojtěch , Křížová Kristína Civáňová , Seifertová Mária , Voříšková Kristýna , Fuad Md Mehedi Hasan , Vetešník Lukáš , Šimková Andrea 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGibel carp (Carassius gibelio) is a cyprinid fish that originated in eastern Eurasia and is considered as invasive in European freshwater ecosystems. The populations of gibel carp in Europe are mostly composed of asexually reproducing triploid females (i.e., reproducing by gynogenesis) and sexually reproducing diploid females and males. Although some cases of coexisting sexual and asexual reproductive forms are known in vertebrates, the molecular mechanisms maintaining such coexistence are still in question. Both reproduction modes are supposed to exhibit evolutionary and ecological advantages and disadvantages. To better understand the coexistence of these two reproduction strategies, we performed transcriptome profile analysis of gonad tissues (ovaries) and studied the differentially expressed reproduction-associated genes in sexual and asexual females. We used high-throughput RNA sequencing to generate transcriptomic profiles of gonadal tissues of triploid asexual females and males, diploid sexual males and females of gibel carp, as well as diploid individuals from two closely-related species,C. auratusandCyprinus carpio. Using SNP clustering, we showed the close similarity ofC. gibelioandC. auratuswith a basal position ofC. carpioto bothCarassiusspecies. Using transcriptome profile analyses, we showed that many genes and pathways are involved in both gynogenetic and sexual reproduction inC. gibelio; however, we also found that 1500 genes, including 100 genes involved in cell cycle control, meiosis, oogenesis, embryogenesis, fertilization, steroid hormone signaling, and biosynthesis were differently expressed in the ovaries of asexual and sexual females. We suggest that the overall downregulation of reproduction-associated pathways in asexual females, and their maintenance in sexual ones, allows the populations ofC. gibelioto combine the evolutionary and ecological advantages of the two reproductive strategies. However, we showed that many sexual-reproduction-related genes are maintained and expressed in asexual females, suggesting that gynogenetic gibel carp retains the genetic toolkits for meiosis and sexual reproduction. These findings shed new light on the evolution of this asexual and sexual complex.