bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ImageStream promyelocytic leukemia protein immunolocalization: In search of promyelocytic leukemia cells
Authors: Mirabelli Peppino , Scalia Giulia , Pascariello Caterina , D'Alessio Francesca , Mariotti Elisabetta , Noto Rosa Di , George Thaddeus C. , Kong Raymond , Venkatachalam Vidya , Basiji David , Vecchio Luigi Del 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAcute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a hematological emergency in which a rapid diagnosis is essential for early administration of appropriate therapy, including all‐trans retinoic acid before the onset of fatal coagulopathy. Currently, the following methodologies are widely used for rapid initial diagnosis of APL: 1) identification of hypergranular leukemic promyelocytes by using classical morphology; 2) identification of cells with diffuse promyelocytic leukemia (PML) protein distribution by immunofluorescence microscopy; 3) evidence of aberrant promyelocyte surface immunophenotype by conventional flow cytometry (FCM). Here, we show a method for immunofluorescent detection of PML localization using ImageStream FCM. This technique provides objective per‐cell quantitative image analysis for statistically large sample sizes, enabling precise and operator‐independent PML pattern recognition even in electronic and real dilution experiments up to 10% of APL cellular presence. Therefore, we evidence that this method could be helpful for rapid and objective initial diagnosis and the prompt initiation of APL treatment. © 2012 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Enantioselective Organocatalytic α‐Alkylation of Ketones by SN1‐Type Reaction of Alcohols
Authors: Trifonidou Maria , Kokotos Christoforos G. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe enantioselective α‐alkylation reaction of cyclic ketones is described. Our catalyst, based on a “privileged” pyrrolidine ring bearing a chiral thioxotetrahydropyrimidinone ring, is a highly reactive catalyst for cyclic ketones. When this catalyst was coupled with in situ generated carbocations derived from alcohols, the corresponding α‐alkylated adducts were obtained in moderate to quantitative yields and low to high enantioselectivities (up to 80 % ee). The catalyst loading can be efficiently reduced to 10 %, which is the lowest value reported in the literature for such an organocatalytic transformation.
Sustainability of groundwater usage in northern China: dependence on palaeowaters and effects on water quality, quantity and ecosystem health
Authors: Currell Matthew J. , Han Dongmei , Chen Zongyu , Cartwright Ian 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA synthesis of groundwater ages, recharge rates and information on processes affecting groundwater quality in northern China highlights the major challenges faced for sustainable management of the region's groundwater. Direct recharge rates range from hundreds of millimetres per year in the North China Plain, to tens of millimetres per year in the Loess Plateau to less than 4 mm/year in the arid northwest. Recharge rates and mechanisms to deep semiconfined and confined aquifers are poorly constrained; however, on the basis of available data, these are likely to be mostly negligible. Severe groundwater level declines (0.5–3 m/year) have occurred throughout northern China in the last three to four decades, particularly in deep aquifers. Radiocarbon dating, stable isotope and noble gas data show that the most intensively extracted deep groundwater is palaeowater, recharged under different climate and land cover conditions to the present. Reservoir construction has reduced surface runoff in mountain‐front areas that would naturally recharge regional Quaternary aquifers in many basins. In combination with intensive irrigation practices, this has resulted in the main recharge source shifting from surface runoff and mountain‐front recharge to irrigation returns. This has reduced infiltration of fresh recharge at basin margins and rapidly increased nitrate concentrations and overall mineralisation in phreatic groundwater over wide areas (in some cases to >400 mg/l and >10 g/l, respectively). In some basins, there is evidence that poor quality shallow water has leaked into deep layers (>200 m) via preferential flow, mixing with palaeowaters stored in semiconfined aquifers. High concentrations of naturally occurring fluoride and arsenic (locally >8.5 and >4 mg/l, respectively) have recently lead to the abandonment of numerous supply wells in northern China, creating further pressure on stressed water resources. Increasing water demand from direct and indirect consumption poses major challenges for water management in northern China, which must consider the full water cycle. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Highly potent mRNA based cancer vaccines represent an attractive platform for combination therapies supporting an improved therapeutic effect
Authors: Fotin‐Mleczek Mariola , Zanzinger Kai , Heidenreich Regina , Lorenz Christina , Thess Andreas , Duchardt Katharina M. , Kallen Karl‐Josef 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDirect vaccination with mRNA encoding tumor antigens is a novel and promising approach in cancer immunotherapy. CureVac's mRNA vaccines contain free and protamine‐complexed mRNA. Such two‐component mRNA vaccines support both antigen expression and immune stimulation. These self‐adjuvanting RNA vaccines, administered intradermally without any additional adjuvant, induce a comprehensive balanced immune response, comprising antigen specific CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and B cells. The balanced immune response results in a strong anti‐tumor effect and complete protection against antigen positive tumor cells. This tumor inhibition elicited by mRNA vaccines is a result of the concerted action of different players. After just two intradermal vaccinations, we observe multiple changes at the tumor site, including the up‐regulation of many genes connected to T and natural killer cell activation, as well as genes responsible for improved infiltration of immune cells into the tumor via chemotaxis. The two‐component mRNA vaccines induce a very fast and boostable immune response. Therefore, the vaccination schedules can be adjusted to suit the clinical situation. Moreover, by combining the mRNA vaccines with therapies in clinical use (chemotherapy or anti‐CTLA‐4 antibody therapy), an even more effective anti‐tumor response can be elicited. The first clinical data obtained from two separate Phase I/IIa trials conducted in PCA (prostate cancer) and NSCLC (non‐small cell lung carcinoma) patients have shown that the two‐component mRNA vaccines are safe, well tolerated and highly immunogenic in humans. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Age‐related changes in organization and content of the collagen matrix in rabbit cortical bone
Authors: Turunen Mikael J. , Saarakkala Simo , Helminen Heikki J. , Jurvelin Jukka S. , Isaksson Hanna 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe organization and composition of the collagen matrix of cortical bone changes as the bone matures due to growth and mechanical loading. We aimed to investigate the composition and organization of the collagen matrix in rabbit cortical bone during maturation using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) microspectroscopy and polarized light microscopy (PLM). FTIR and PLM findings were compared to biochemical analysis from an earlier study. Mid‐diaphyseal samples from left femora of female New Zealand White rabbits were used. The animal age ranged from newborn to 18‐month old (5 age groups, n = 10 per group). The bones had earlier been decalcified and evaluated with biochemistry. In this study, collagen content, orientation, collagen cross‐linking and spatial heterogeneity of all parameters was evaluated. Similar results were obtained when collagen content was evaluated with FTIR and PLM compared to the collagen content assessed with BA. Collagen content, orientation and collagen maturity increased significantly until the age of 3 months and remained similar thereafter. Simultaneously, spatial heterogeneity of the measured parameters decreased. Based on these findings, it seems that the collagen matrix of rabbit bone attains its mature state around 3 months of age, which is before the overall skeletal maturity is reached. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:435–442, 2012
Influence of loading and activity on the primary stability of cementless tibial trays
Authors: Taylor Mark , Barrett David S. , Deffenbaugh Daren 
Published: January 2012

AbstractSeveral potential advantages exist for cementless tibial fixation including preservation of bone stock and increased longevity of fixation. However, clinical results have been variable, with reports of extensive radiolucent lines, rapid early migration, and aseptic loosening. The primary stability of an implant depends on the micromotion of the bone–implant interface, which depends on the kinematics and kinetics of the replaced joint. Finite element analysis was used to examine the micromotion for different activities (walking, stair ascent, stair descent, stand‐to‐sit, and deep knee bend) for three commercially available tibial tray designs. Similar trends were observed for all three designs across the range of activities. Stair ascent and descent generated the highest micromotions, closely followed by level gait. Across these activities, the mean peak (maximum) micromotions measured across the entire resected surface ranged from 64 to 78 (186–239) µm for PFC Sigma, 61–72 (199–251) µm for LCS Complete Duofix, and 92–106 (229–264) µm for LCS Complete. The peak micromotions did not necessarily occur at the peak loads. For instance, the peak micromotions for level walking occurred when there were low axial forces, but moderate varus–valgus moments. This highlights the need to examine the whole gait cycle to properly determine the initial stability of tibial tray designs. By exploring a range of activities and interrogating the entire resected surface, it is possible to differentiate between the relative performance of different implant designs. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1362–1368, 2012
Passive mechanical properties of rat abdominal wall muscles suggest an important role of the extracellular connective tissue matrix
Authors: Brown Stephen H.M. , Carr John Austin , Ward Samuel R. , Lieber Richard L. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAbdominal wall muscles have a unique morphology suggesting a complex role in generating and transferring force to the spinal column. Studying passive mechanical properties of these muscles may provide insights into their ability to transfer force among structures. Biopsies from rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO), and transverse abdominis (TrA) were harvested from male Sprague–Dawley rats, and single muscle fibers and fiber bundles (4–8 fibers ensheathed in their connective tissue matrix) were isolated and mechanically stretched in a passive state. Slack sarcomere lengths were measured and elastic moduli were calculated from stress–strain data. Titin molecular mass was also measured from single muscle fibers. No significant differences were found among the four abdominal wall muscles in terms of slack sarcomere length or elastic modulus. Interestingly, across all four muscles, slack sarcomere lengths were quite long in individual muscle fibers (>2.4 µm), and demonstrated a significantly longer slack length in comparison to fiber bundles (p < 0.0001). Also, the extracellular connective tissue matrix provided a stiffening effect and enhanced the resistance to lengthening at long muscle lengths. Titin molecular mass was significantly less in TrA compared to each of the other three muscles (p < 0.0009), but this difference did not correspond to hypothesized differences in stiffness. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1321–1326, 2012
Compact power dividers with filtering capability for ground penetrating radar applications
Authors: Vélez Adolfo , Vélez Paris , Bonache Jordi , Martín Ferran 
Published: January 2012

AbstractIn this letter, it is demonstrated that wide‐band power dividers with filtering capability can be implemented by adding an inductive transformer to the output stage of a band‐pass filter. By this means, the load of the device (corresponding to the parallel connection of the two terminated output ports) can be driven to the required value to achieve input matching, and the filtering and splitting action are combined in a single device. Two proof‐of‐concept demonstrators, implemented in microstrip technology using complementary split‐ring resonators are presented. These devices are useful to reduce the size of the microwave front‐end of frequency‐modulated continuous‐wave ground penetrating radars operating at the L‐band, as they are very compact. Moreover, the proposed devices provide the necessary bandwidth to achieve significant in‐depth resolution, and the necessary stop‐band rejection to suppress the harmonics of the modulated radar signal. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:608–611, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26605
Parallelization of the FDTD method based on the open computing language and the message passing interface
Authors: Stefański T. P. , Chavannes N. , Kuster N. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA novel approach for parallelization of the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) method based on open computing language (OpenCL) and the message passing interface (MPI) was presented. Because of the portability of OpenCL, the developed code targets not only distributed shared memory computer clusters based on multicore central processing units but also clusters accelerated by graphics processing units. Subsequently, this article shows the results of numerical tests to evaluate the hybrid MPI‐OpenCL FDTD solver in electromagnetic simulations. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:785–789, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26610
Design of printed dipole antenna for ultra wideband applications
Authors: Shambavi K. , Alex Zachariah C. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractDesign and performance measures of an ultra wideband (UWB) printed dipole antenna suitable for UWB systems are presented. The proposed antenna operates in the frequency range 3.18–12.45 GHz with impedance bandwidth (VSWR < 2) of 9.27 GHz and maximum gain of 6.04 dBi. It consists of five dipole strips of different resonant length combined orthogonally for effective signal reception and better performance. The radiation pattern is nearly omnidirectional in both elevation and azimuth plane, the consistency of the radiation pattern exists for all frequency within the operating band. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:748–751, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26611
A novel coplanar waveguide‐fed elliptical‐shaped printed monopole antenna for ultrawideband applications
Authors: Moosazadeh Mahdi , Esmati Zahra 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA printed ellipse‐shaped monopole antenna with coplanar waveguide feed for use in ultrawideband (UWB) communication systems is presented.In this proposed antenna, the impedance bandwidth increases with a pair of ellipse‐shape‐combined design on the patch and ground plane. The effect of the ground plane form on the optimization of the S11 characteristics is discussed in detail. Proposed antenna operates in the adopted bandwidth (3.1–10.6 GHz) with S11 < −10 dB and covers it very well from 2.4 to 20 GHz. Experimental and simulated antenna results show that the proposed antenna has a desirable S11 level and radiation pattern characteristics for the UWB frequency band range. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:675–677, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26615
A V‐band low‐noise amplifier co‐designed with ESD network in 65‐nm RF CMOS
Authors: Tsai Ming‐Hsien , Hsu Shawn S. H. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA V‐band low‐noise amplifier (LNA) with electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection using RF junction varactors is demonstrated in a 65‐nm CMOS technology. The gate‐source junction varactor is used to achieve a power‐constrained simultaneous noise and input matching, and also as an auxiliary ESD protection for the NS and ND modes. The measured results shows an over 2.0‐kV ESD protection in the PD and PS modes, whereas the ESD level is enhanced up to 4.0 kV in the NS and ND modes. Under a power consumption of only 14.1 mW, the LNA demonstrates a noise figure (NF) of 5.2 dB and a peak power gain of 10.9 dB at 51 GHz, only a 0.8‐dB degradation for both NF and power gain compared with the reference design (LNA without ESD protection). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:820–822, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26623
Low‐profile, small‐size, wireless wide area network handset antenna close integration with surrounding ground plane
Authors: Chen Shu‐Chuan , Wong Kin‐Lu 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn internal wireless wide area network (WWAN) handset antenna having a low profile of 3 mm, small footprint of 30 × 10 mm2, and closely integrated with surrounding ground plane is presented.The antenna volume is 0.9 cm3 only and can provide two wide‐operating bands to cover the desired 824–960 and 1710–2170 MHz bands. The major portion of the antenna is printed on the main circuit board of the handset, and the antenna has a simple structure formed by a strip monopole and a parasitic shorted strip monopole. Two techniques are applied in the proposed design to achieve penta‐band WWAN operation with a small antenna size. The first technique is to load a proper chip inductor at a proper position in the shorted strip monopole, which supports a resonant mode for the antenna's lower band with a resonant length much smaller than 0.25‐wavelength. The second one is to use a band‐stop matching circuit disposed on the main circuit board of the handset. The combined effects of the two techniques are discussed in this article. Also, the proposed antenna shows low near‐field radiation characteristic and meets the specific absorption rate and hearing‐aid compatibility requirements for practical handset applications. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:623–629, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26633
Influence of the hand on the specific absorption rate assessments of mobile phones
Authors: Monebhurrun V. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractThe influence of the hand on the specific absorption rate (SAR) assessments of mobile phones is investigated.An increase of the SAR value in the presence of the hand has been observed but the electromagnetic phenomenon is still unexplained. The distance between the palm of the hand and the antenna is herein shown to be an important parameter. Numerical simulations and measurements performed using a dipole antenna placed in‐between a flat head phantom and a flat hand phantom confirm that an increase of the SAR is expected for some specific values of the distance between the antenna and the hand at a given frequency. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:654–656, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26644
Design and development of triple band tunable microstrip antenna
Authors: Kulkarni Nagraj , Mulgi S. N. , Satnoor S. K. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA novel design of corner truncated U‐slot rectangular microstrip antenna is proposed for triple band operation. The middle and upper bands are tuned from 4.615 to 4.5 GHz and 5.919 to 5.88 GHz, respectively, when the width of vertical arm of U‐slot is varied from 0.1 to 0.2 cm. If the width of vertical arm of U‐slot is varied from 0.2 to 0.3 cm, these bands are tuned to opposite direction from 4.615 to 5.795 GHz and 5.919 to 8.315 GHz, respectively, without changing the resonant frequency of primary band and nature of broadside radiation characteristics. The experimental and simulated results are in good agreement with each other. Design concepts of antennas are presented and experimental results are discussed. These antennas may find applications in WLAN. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:614–617, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26646
Low‐cost dual‐polarized printed antenna for multifunction phased‐array radar
Authors: Mastrangeli Federica , Luca Angelo De , Valerio Guido , Galli Alessandro 
Published: January 2012

AbstractA novel low‐cost element is proposed for S‐band multifunction phased‐array radars: a compact stacked‐patch configuration is fed with a strip‐line hybrid‐ring network providing the dual polarizations for weather‐surveillance applications.Full‐wave simulations in a phased‐periodic array environment show promising features, in terms of reduced cross‐polarization, high isolation between the input ports, scanning capability, and regular radiation patterns. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 54:697–702, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26665
Histamine Stimulates Neurogenesis in the Rodent Subventricular Zone
Authors: Bernardino Liliana , Eiriz Maria Francisca , Santos Tiago , Xapelli Sara , Grade Sofia , Rosa Alexandra Isabel , Cortes Luísa , Ferreira Raquel , Bragança José , Agasse Fabienne , Ferreira Lino , Malva João O. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractNeural stem/progenitor cells present in the subventricular zone (SVZ) are a potential source of repairing cells after injury. Therefore, the identification of novel players that modulate neural stem cells differentiation can have a huge impact in stem cell-based therapies. Herein, we describe a unique role of histamine in inducing functional neuronal differentiation from cultured mouse SVZ stem/progenitor cells. This proneurogenic effect depends on histamine 1 receptor activation and involves epigenetic modifications and increased expression of Mash1, Dlx2, and Ngn1 genes. Biocompatible poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles, engineered to release histamine in a controlled and prolonged manner, also triggered robust neuronal differentiation in vitro. Preconditioning with histamine-loaded microparticles facilitated neuronal differentiation of SVZ-GFP cells grafted in hippocampal slices and in in vivo rodent brain. We propose that neuronal commitment triggered by histamine per se or released from biomaterial-derived vehicles may represent a new tool for brain repair strategies.Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.