bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of arterial partial oxygen pressure with mortality in critically ill sepsis patients: a nationwide observational cohort study
Authors: Hyun Dong-gon , Ahn Jee Hwan , Huh Jin Won , Hong Sang-Bum , Koh Younsuck , Oh Dong Kyu , Lee Su Yeon , Park Mi Hyeon , Lim Chae-Man ,   The Korean Sepsis Alliance (KSA) Investigators
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Although several trials were conducted to optimize the oxygenation range in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, no studies have yet reached a universal recommendation on the optimal a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) range in patients with sepsis. Our aim was to evaluate whether a relatively high arterial oxygen tension is associated with longer survival in sepsis patients compared with conservative arterial oxygen tension.

Methods
From the Korean Sepsis Alliance nationwide registry, patients treated with liberal PaO2 (PaO2 ≥ 80 mm Hg) were 1:1 matched with those treated with conservative PaO2 (PaO2 < 80 mm Hg) over the first three days after ICU admission according to the propensity score. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality.

Results
The median values of PaO2 over the first three ICU days in 1211 liberal and 1211 conservative PaO2 groups were, respectively, 107.2 (92.0–134.0) and 84.4 (71.2–112.0) in day 1110.0 (93.4–132.0) and 80.0 (71.0–100.0) in day 2, and 106.0 (91.9–127.4) and 78.0 (69.0–94.5) in day 3 (all p-values < 0.001). The liberal PaO2 group showed a lower likelihood of death at day 28 (14.9%; hazard ratio [HR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.65–0.96; p-value = 0.017). ICU (HR, 0.80; 95% CI 0.67–0.96; p-value = 0.019) and hospital mortalities (HR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.73–0.97; p-value = 0.020) were lower in the liberal PaO2 group. On ICU days 2 (p-value = 0.007) and 3 (p-value < 0.001), but not ICU day 1, hyperoxia was associated with better prognosis compared with conservative oxygenation., with the lowest 28-day mortality, especially at PaO2 of around 100 mm Hg.

Conclusions
In critically ill patients with sepsis, higher PaO2 (≥ 80 mm Hg) during the first three ICU days was associated with a lower 28-day mortality compared with conservative PaO2.
Correlation among post-surgery recurrence of CRSwNP and TCM syndromes and tissue inflammatory cell infiltration type: a study protocol
Authors: Xie Yan , Liang Fangqi , Zhou Li , Chen Qing , Chen Feifei , Fu Qinwei , Wu Shiqi , Zeng Dandi , Cui Wanling , Liao Linzhi , Jiang Luyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Functional endoscopic sinus surgery is a principal option for treating chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) after medication failures. Unfortunately, some patients still have unsatisfactory postoperative recovery. The type of inflammatory cell infiltration in nasal polyp tissue has been reported available for recurrence prediction. As it is invasive and time-consuming, this technique is hard to promote clinically under the existing technical conditions. And during the course of clinical treatment, we have noted that differences in the postoperative recurrence rate of patients present among different traditional Chinese medicine syndrome types.

Methods and analysis
This is a non-randomized, single-center, and prospective cohort study started in Chengdu Sichuan Province, People’s Republic of China, in January 2021. A total of 200 participants will be recruited from patients who are diagnosed with CRSwNP and prepared for functional endoscopic sinus surgery. We collect preoperative data which includes general information, medical history, TCM syndromes, visual analogue scale (VAS) of subjective symptoms, Lund-Kennedy endoscopic score, and Lund-Mackay score of computed tomography (CT) scanning of sinuses. We acquire the VAS score and Lund-Kennedy score of subjective symptoms through multiple planned follow-up after surgery. After 1 year of follow-up, the recurrence rate will be calculated, and the curative effect will be assessed. Meanwhile, the patients’ pathological sections will be sorted out, and inflammatory cell infiltration will be analyzed. Statistical analysis will be carried out to evaluate the correlation among CRSwNP recurrence and TCM syndrome types and tissue inflammatory cell infiltration types. Then we will establish a predictive model for CRSwNP recurrence. Analyses of survey data include descriptive and inferential statistical approaches.

Discussion
This is the first prospective cohort study on investigating the correlation of CRSwNP recurrence with TCM syndrome types and tissue inflammatory cell infiltration types. Through this study, we hope to discover a new and simple, effective, and noninvasive way to predict the recurrence rate rapidly after CRSwNP and provide reference for the intervention timing of traditional Chinese medicine application, thereby achieving customized diagnosis and treatment, minimizing risks of surgical events, and delaying postoperative recurrence of CRSwNP.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO ChiCTR2100041646.
Prevalence of iodine deficiency and associated factors among school-age children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Baffa Lemlem Daniel , Angaw Dessie Abebaw , Abriham Zufan Yiheyis , Gashaw Moges , Agimas Muluken Chanie , Sisay Mekonnen , Muhammad Esmael Ali , Mengistu Berhanu , Belew Aysheshim Kassahun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Currently, iodine deficiency has become a significant burden globally; where 2 billion people and 29.8% of school-age children are iodine deficient. It is a leading cause of preventable brain damage among children, resulting in impaired cognitive and motor development. Even though salt iodization was started to be implemented to alleviate this burden in Ethiopia, primary studies assessing iodine deficiency in the country show highly variable findings, and no systematic review was conducted to determine the pooled prevalence of the problem which makes it difficult to assess the effect of the intervention as well as to design appropriate and timely measures. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of iodine deficiency and the common factors affecting its occurrence among school-age children in Ethiopia.

Method
To obtain the eligible studies, databases (EMBASE, Scopus, Hinari, and PubMed), websites (Google and Google Scholar), and references of the eligible studies were searched systematically. Data were extracted using an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed using the STATA 17 version. The I2 test was used to assess heterogeneity between the studies. A DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and pooled odds ratio. A funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to detect publication bias.

Result
A total of 15 eligible studies, representing 15,611 school-age children, were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of iodine deficiency among school-age children in Ethiopia was found to be 58% (95%CI 44.00–77.00), while the highest prevalence was recorded in the Oromia Region, which was 64% (95% CI 49–79). Goitrogenic food consumption (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.93, 95% CI 1.60–5.35) and being female (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.87, 95% CI 1.43–2.44) showed a significant association with the prevalence of iodine deficiency.

Conclusion
Iodine deficiency among school-age children in Ethiopia was noticeably high. Goitrogenic food consumption and the sex of the child were determinant factors for the occurrence of iodine deficiency among the children. Therefore, appropriate advice should be given to households to limit goitrogenic foods in the diet of their children by giving due attention to their female children.
Assessment of nucleic acid extraction protocols for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) quantification in aircraft wastewater
Authors: Smith Wendy J. M. , Liu Yawen , Simpson Stuart L. , Bivins Aaron , Ahmed Warish 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study evaluated ten nucleic acid extraction protocols (EP1 to EP10) for measuring five endogenous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in four aircraft wastewater samples (AWW1 to AWW4). The targeted ARGs, including blaCTX-M, blaNDM-1, ermB, qnrS, and tetA, encompassed highly and minimally abundant ARGs. TetA and ermB were consistently detected across four aircraft wastewater samples using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit and the AllPrep PowerViral DNA/RNA kit. QnrS displayed high detection rates with specific extraction protocols and aliquot volumes. Concentrations of ARGs varied across aircraft wastewater samples, with differing extraction protocols influencing quantitative results. The concentrations of tetA, ermB, and qnrS in AWW1 were distinct, while AWW2 to AWW4 exhibited a broader range for tetA, ermB, qnrS, blaCTX-M, and blaNDM-1. EP1 consistently produced the highest concentrations for several ARGs. Collective data analysis revealed varying ARG concentrations across the ten extraction protocols, suggesting the importance of careful extraction protocol selection in ARG monitoring in aircraft wastewater samples. Based on the results, we suggest that a small sample volume (as low as 0.2 mL) may be sufficient for ARG characterization in aircraft wastewater samples. The findings also emphasize the need for considering toilet paper removal without compromising nucleic acid extraction efficiency. The study highlights promising prospects for aircraft wastewater monitoring of ARGs, calling for further investigation into the import and spread of unique ARGs through transport hubs.
The war between the immune system and the tumor - using immune biomarkers as tracers
Authors: Yang Kai , Lu Rongrong , Mei Jie , Cao Kai , Zeng Tianyu , Hua Yijia , Huang Xiang , Li Wei , Yin Yongmei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNowadays, immunotherapy is one of the most promising anti-tumor therapeutic strategy. Specifically, immune-related targets can be used to predict the efficacy and side effects of immunotherapy and monitor the tumor immune response. In the past few decades, increasing numbers of novel immune biomarkers have been found to participate in certain links of the tumor immunity to contribute to the formation of immunosuppression and have entered clinical trials. Here, we systematically reviewed the oncogenesis and progression of cancer in the view of anti-tumor immunity, particularly in terms of tumor antigen expression (related to tumor immunogenicity) and tumor innate immunity to complement the cancer-immune cycle. From the perspective of integrated management of chronic cancer, we also appraised emerging factors affecting tumor immunity (including metabolic, microbial, and exercise-related markers). We finally summarized the clinical studies and applications based on immune biomarkers. Overall, immune biomarkers participate in promoting the development of more precise and individualized immunotherapy by predicting, monitoring, and regulating tumor immune response. Therefore, targeting immune biomarkers may lead to the development of innovative clinical applications.
Deep vs shallow: GPS tags reveal a dichotomy in movement patterns of loggerhead turtles foraging in a coastal bay
Authors: Lamont Margaret M. , Slone Daniel , Reid James P. , Butler Susan M. , Alday Joseph 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Individual variation in movement strategies of foraging loggerhead turtles have been documented on the scale of tens to hundreds of kilometers within single ocean basins. Use of different strategies among individuals may reflect variations in resources, predation pressure or competition. It is less common for individual turtles to use different foraging strategies on the scale of kilometers within a single coastal bay. We used GPS tags capable of back-filling fine-scale locations to document movement patterns of loggerhead turtles in a coastal bay in Northwest Florida, U.S.A.

Methods
Iridium-linked GPS tags were deployed on loggerhead turtles at a neritic foraging site in Northwest Florida. After filtering telemetry data, point locations were transformed to movement lines and then merged with the original point file to define travel paths and assess travel speed. Home ranges were determined using kernel density function. Diurnal behavioral shifts were examined by examining turtle movements compared to solar time.

Results
Of the 11 turtles tagged, three tracked turtles remained in deep (~ 6 m) water for almost the entire tracking period, while all other turtles undertook movements from deep water locations, located along edges and channels, to shallow (~ 1–2 m) shoals at regular intervals and primarily at night. Three individuals made short-term movements into the Gulf of Mexico when water temperatures dropped, and movement speeds in the Gulf were greater than those in the bay. Turtles exhibited a novel behavior we termed drifting.

Conclusions
This study highlighted the value provided to fine-scale movement studies for species such as sea turtles that surface infrequently by the ability of these GPS tags to store and re-upload data. Future use of these tags at other loggerhead foraging sites, and concurrent with diving and foraging data, would provide a powerful tool to better understand fine-scale movement patterns of sea turtles.
Enhancing reporting through structure: a before and after study on the effectiveness of SPIRIT-based templates to improve the completeness of reporting of randomized controlled trial protocols
Authors: Blanco David , Donadio Márcio Vinícius Fagundes , Cadellans-Arróniz Aïda 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the improvements in the completeness of reporting of randomized trial protocols after the publication of the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trial (SPIRIT) guidelines, many items remain poorly reported. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of using SPIRIT-tailored templates for trial protocols to improve the completeness of reporting of the protocols that master’s students write as part of their master’s theses.

Methods
Before and after experimental study performed at the University Master’s Degree in Orthopaedic Manual Physiotherapy of the Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (Barcelona, Spain). While students in the post-intervention period were instructed to use a trial protocol template that was tailored to SPIRIT, students in the pre-intervention period did not use the template. Primary outcome: Difference between the pre- and post-intervention periods in the mean number of adequately reported items (0–10 scale). The outcomes were evaluated independently and in duplicate by two blinded assessors. Students and their supervisors were not aware that they were part of a research project. For the statistical analysis, we used a generalized linear regression model (dependent variable: number of adequately reported items in the protocol; independent variables: intervention period, call, language).

Results
Thirty-four trial protocols were included (17, pre-intervention; 17, post-intervention). Protocols produced during the post-intervention period (mean: 8.24; SD: 1.52) were more completely reported than those produced during the pre-intervention period (mean: 6.35; SD: 1.80); adjusted difference: 1.79 (95% CI: 0.58 to 3.00).

Conclusions
SPIRIT-based templates could be used to improve the completeness of reporting of randomized trial protocols.
Organizational aspects of tissue engineering clinical translation: insights from a qualitative case study
Authors: da Silva Renan Gonçalves Leonel , Au Larry , Blasimme Alessandro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field that combines principles from cell biology, bioengineering, material sciences, medicine and surgery to create functional and viable bioproducts that can be used to repair or replace damaged or diseased tissues in the human body. The complexity of tissue engineering can affect the prospects of efficiently translating scientific discoveries in the field into scalable clinical approaches that could benefit patients. Organizational challenges may play a key role in the clinical translation of tissue engineering for the benefit of patients.

Methods
To gain insight into the organizational aspects of tissue engineering that may create impediments to efficient clinical translation, we conducted a retrospective qualitative case study of one tissue engineering multi-site translational project on knee cartilage engineered tissue grafts. We collected qualitative data using a set of different methods: semi-structured interviews, documentary research and audio-visual content analysis.

Results
Our study identified various challenges associated to first-in-human trials in tissue engineering particularly related to: logistics and communication; research participant recruitment; clinician and medical student participation; study management; and regulation.

Conclusions
While not directly generalizable to other types of advanced therapies or to regenerative medicine in general, our results offer valuable insights into organizational barriers that may prevent efficient clinical translation in the field of tissue engineering.
Crosswalk between the PROMIS physical function CAT and PROMIS upper extremity CAT v1.2 in a hand surgery population
Authors: Rogers Miranda J. , Daryoush Joshua R. , Zhang Chong , Cizik Amy , Presson Angela P. , Kazmers Nikolas H. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
There is no gold standard patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) in hand surgery. As a result, a diverse array of PROM instruments have been utilized across centers over time. Lack of score interchangeability limits the ability to compare or conglomerate scores when new instruments are introduced. Our aim was to develop a linkage for the PROMIS UE CAT v1.2 and PROMIS PF CAT scores and develop crosswalk tables for interconversion between these PROMs.

Methods
Retrospective review was conducted to identify adult (≥ 18y) patients seen by orthopaedic hand surgeons at a single academic tertiary care hospital who had completed PROMIS UE CAT v1.2 and PROMIS PF CAT score at the same visit. For those with multiple visits, only one randomly selected visit was included in the analyses. Pearson’s correlation was calculated to determine the linear relationship between the scores. Linkage from PF to UE was performed utilizing several commonly utilized equating models (identity, mean, linear, equipercentile and circle-arc methods). The performance of the models was assessed using intraclass correlation (ICC) between observed PROMIS UE CAT v1.2 and estimated PROMIS UE CAT v1.2 scores generated using the model as well as Root Mean Square Error (RMSE). The model chosen as the ‘best’ was further assessed for population invariance using root expected mean squared difference (REMSD) where < 0.08 were considered good.

Results
Of 10,081 included patients, mean age was 48.3 (SD = 17.0), and 54% were female (5,477/10,081). Mean UE CAT v1.2 and PF CAT scores were 37 (SD = 9.8) and 46 (SD = 10.0), respectively. There was a strong correlation between the scores (Pearson correlation r = 0.70). All methods performed acceptably (ICC ≥ 0.66 and RMSE < = 7.52 for all). The equipercentile method had the highest ICC (ICC = 0.70 (95% CI 0.69–0.71)) while the mean and circle arc methods had the lowest RMSE. The circle arc method is the most reliable with the smallest standard error and has satisfactory population invariance across age group (REMSD 0.065) and sex (REMSD 0.036).

Conclusions
Crosswalk tables to be used for bidirectional conversion between scores were created.

Level of evidence
: III.
High fat diet increases the severity of collagen-induced arthritis in mice by altering the gut microbial community
Authors: Zhang Yang , Zhang Jie , Liu Yantong , Ren Shuang , Tao Ning , Meng Fanyan , Cao Qi , Liu Ruoshi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Research has demonstrated that obesity may be associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In addition, gut microbiota and its metabolites contribute to the occurrence and development of RA and obesity. However, the mechanism by which obesity affects RA remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether gut microbiota and their metabolites alter the effects of high fat diet (HFD) on the severity of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in mice.

Methods
Briefly, mice were divided into normal group (N), CIA model group (C), HFD group (T), and HFD CIA group (CT). Hematoxylin and Eosin staining(HE) and Safranin O-fast green staining were conducted, and levels of blood lipid and inflammatory cytokines were measured. 16S rDNA sequencing technique and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based metabolomics were performed to explore changes in the microbiota structure to further reveal the pathomechanism of HFD on CIA.

Results
HFD aggravated the severity of CIA in mice. The CT group had the highest proportion of microbial abundance of Blautia, Oscillibacter, Ruminiclostridium-9, and Lachnospiraceae UCG 006 at the genus level, but had a lower proportion of Alistipes. Additionally, the fecal metabolic phenotype of the combined CT group shows significant changes, with differential metabolites enriched in 9 metabolic pathways, including primary bile acid biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, sphingolipid metabolism, purine metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, oxytocin signaling pathway, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and sphingolipid signaling pathway. Correlation analysis revealed that some of the altered gut microbiota genera were strongly correlated with changes in fecal metabolites, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and inflammatory cytokine levels.

Conclusions
This study shows that HFD may aggravate inflammatory reaction in CIA mice by altering the gut microbiota and metabolic pathways.
Prevalence of Preferences for End-of-Life Place of Care and Death Among Patients With Cancer in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Donkor Andrew , Adotey Prince Nyansah , Ofori Esther Oparebea , Ayitey Jennifer Akyen , Ferguson Caleb , Luckett Tim , Vanderpuye Verna , Osei–Bonsu Ernest Baawuah , Phelan Caroline , Hunt Katherine 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE There is limited information on preferences for place of care and death among patients with cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The aim was to report the prevalence and determinants of preferences for end-of-life place of care and death among patients with cancer in LMICs and identify concordance between the preferred and actual place of death. METHODS Systematic review and meta-analysis guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses was conducted. Four electronic databases were searched to identify studies of any design that reported on the preferred and actual place of care and death of patients with cancer in LMICs. A random-effects meta-analysis estimated pooled prevalences, with 95% CI, with subgroup analyses for region and risk of bias. RESULTS Thirteen studies were included. Of 3,837 patients with cancer, 62% (95% CI, 49 to 75) preferred to die at home; however, the prevalence of actual home death was 37% (95% CI, 13 to 60). Subgroup analyses found that preferences for home as place of death varied from 55% (95% CI, 41 to 69) for Asia to 64% (95% CI, 57 to 71) for South America and 72% (95% CI, 48 to 97) for Africa. The concordance between the preferred and actual place of death was 48% (95% CI, 41 to 55) for South Africa and 92% (95% CI, 88 to 95) for Malaysia. Factors associated with an increased likelihood of preferred home death included performance status and patients with breast cancer. CONCLUSION There is very little literature from LMICs on the preferences for end-of-life place of care and death among patients with cancer. Rigorous research is needed to help understand how preferences of patients with cancer change during their journey through cancer.