bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The YSNSG cyclopeptide derived from tumstatin inhibits tumor angiogenesis by down‐regulating endothelial cell migration
Authors: Thevenard Jessica , Ramont Laurent , Devy Jérome , Brassart Bertrand , Dupont‐Deshorgue Aurélie , Floquet Nicolas , Schneider Laurence , Ouchani Farid , Terryn Christine , Maquart François‐Xavier , Monboisse Jean‐Claude , Brassart‐Pasco Sylvie 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe previously demonstrated that the CNYYSNS peptide derived from tumstatin inhibited in vivo tumor progression. The YSNS motif formed a β‐turn crucial for biological activity. More recently, a YSNSG cyclopeptide with a constrained β‐turn on the YSNS residues was designed. Intraperitoneal administration of the YSNSG cyclopeptide inhibited in vivo melanoma progression more efficiently than the native linear peptide. In the present article, we showed that the YSNSG cyclopeptide also triggered an inhibition of in vivo tumor neovascularization and we further analyzed its in vitroantiangiogenic effect. The YSNSG cyclopeptide did not alter endothelial cell proliferation but inhibited cell migration by 83% in an in vitro wound healing model. The inhibition was mediated by a decrease in active MT1‐MMP at the migration front as well as a decrease in u‐PA and u‐PAR expression. The cyclopeptide also altered β1‐integrin distribution in endothelial cell lamellipodia, induced a strong decrease in the phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (p125FAK), disorganized F‐actin stress fibers and decreased the number of lamellipodia, resulting in a non migratory phenotype. Our results confirm the YSNSG cyclopeptide as a potent antitumor agent, through both the inhibition of invasive properties of tumor cells and the antiangiogenic activity.
Dietary lycopene and tomato extract supplementations inhibit nonalcoholic steatohepatitis‐promoted hepatocarcinogenesis in rats
Authors: Wang Yan , Ausman Lynne M. , Greenberg Andrew S. , Russell Robert M. , Wang Xiang‐Dong 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEpidemiological and experimental studies provide supportive evidence that lycopene (LY), a major carotenoid from tomatoes and tomato products, may act as a chemopreventive agent against certain types of cancers. We recently showed that high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) promoted diethylnitrosamine (DEN)‐initiated hepatocarcinogenesis in a rat model. Using this model, we investigated the efficacy of an equivalent dosage of dietary LY from either a pure compound or a tomato extract (TE) against NASH‐promoted hepatocarcinogenesis. Six groups of rats were injected with DEN and then fed either Lieber‐DeCarli control diet or HFD with or without LY or TE for 6 weeks. Results showed that both LY and TE supplementations significantly decreased the number of altered hepatic foci expressing the placental form of glutathione S‐transferase in the livers of HFD‐fed rats. This was associated with significantly lower proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive hepatocytes and cyclinD1 protein, as well as decreased activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase and nuclear NF‐κB. Although both LY and TE supplementations reduced HFD‐induced lipid peroxidation in the livers, we observed significantly decreased cytochrome P450 2E1, inflammatory foci and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐1β and IL‐12) in the HFD+TE fed group but increased nuclear NF‐E2‐related factor‐2 and heme oxygenase‐1 proteins in the HFD+LY fed group, relative to HFD feeding alone. These data indicate that LY and TE can inhibit NASH‐promoted hepatocarcinogenesis mainly as a result of reduced oxidative stress, which could be fulfilled through different mechanisms.
How hot? Systematic convergence of the replica exchange method using multiple reservoirs
Authors: Ruscio Jory Z. , Fawzi Nicolas L. , Head‐Gordon Teresa 
Published: June 2009

AbstractWe have devised a systematic approach to converge a replica exchange molecular dynamics simulation by dividing the full temperature range into a series of higher temperature reservoirs and a finite number of lower temperature subreplicas. A defined highest temperature reservoir of equilibrium conformations is used to help converge a lower but still hot temperature subreplica, which in turn serves as the high‐temperature reservoir for the next set of lower temperature subreplicas. The process is continued until an optimal temperature reservoir is reached to converge the simulation at the target temperature. This gradual convergence of subreplicas allows for better and faster convergence at the temperature of interest and all intermediate temperatures for thermodynamic analysis, as well as optimizing the use of multiple processors. We illustrate the overall effectiveness of our multiple reservoir replica exchange strategy by comparing sampling and computational efficiency with respect to replica exchange, as well as comparing methods when converging the structural ensemble of the disordered Aβ21‐30 peptide simulated with explicit water by comparing calculated Rotating Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy intensities to experimentally measured values. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 31: 620–627, 2010
Aten—An application for the creation, editing, and visualization of coordinates for glasses, liquids, crystals, and molecules
Authors: Youngs T. G. A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractAten is a tool for Linux, Mac, and Windows platforms to ease the creation, editing, and visualization of coordinates for use in, for example, molecular dynamics simulations. The code handles gas‐phase molecules in addition to crystals, surfaces, and liquids, providing standard tools to edit “by the atom” along with specific “by the box” methods suited to periodic systems, including full crystallographic spacegroup packing definitions. Visualization of systems encompasses the standard drawing styles and may be mixed with an arbitrary number of other basic objects, such as arrows and geometric objects allowing creation of scenes involving vector fields, coarse‐grained particles, etc. Standard molecular mechanics forcefields can be read in, edited, applied to molecules using the built‐in chemical typing language, and subsequently used to calculate energies and forces, minimize energies with respect to coordinates, decompose energies into contribution by molecule type, etc. Monte Carlo methods are available with which to generate random configurations of N‐component systems, or solvate around molecules or in specific regions within existing configurations. Supported file formats are governed by user‐defined “filters,” which provide flexibility of input/output as well as the ability to define custom or extended formats of traditional files. Forcefield descriptions for loaded systems can be output and formatted for use as input to common codes. All features can be accessed by a comprehensive GUI and scripting language based on the C syntax.
Chloride ion conduction without water coordination in the pore of ClC protein
Authors: Ko Youn Jo , Jo Won Ho 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn the present work, we have found by an atomistic molecular dynamics simulation that hydrogen atoms originating from the residues of a prokaryotic ClC protein (EcClC) stabilize the chloride ion without water molecules in the pore of ClC protein. When the chloride ion conduction is simulated by pulling a chloride ion along the pore axis, the free energy barrier for chloride ion conduction is calculated to be low (4 kcal/mol), although the chloride ion is stripped of its hydration shell as it passes through the dehydrated pore region. The calculation of the number of hydrogen atoms surrounding the chloride ion reveals that water molecules hydrating the chloride ion are replaced by polar and non‐polar hydrogen atoms protruding from the protein residues. From the analysis of the pair interaction energy between the chloride ion and these hydrogen atoms, it is realized that the hydrogen atoms from the protein residues stabilize the chloride ion at the dehydrated region instead of water molecules, by which the energetic penalty for detaching water molecules from the permeating ion is compensated. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Maximal resolvable packings and minimal resolvable coverings of triples by quadruples
Authors: Zhang Xiande , Ge Gennian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractDetermination of maximal resolvable packing number and minimal resolvable covering number is a fundamental problem in designs theory. In this article, we investigate the existence of maximal resolvable packings of triples by quadruples of order v (MRPQS(v)) and minimal resolvable coverings of triples by quadruples of order v (MRCQS(v)). We show that an MRPQS(v) (MRCQS(v)) with the number of blocks meeting the upper (lower) bound exists if and only if v≡0 (mod 4). As a byproduct, we also show that a uniformly resolvable Steiner system URS(3, {4, 6}, {r4, r6}, v) with r6≤1 exists if and only if v≡0 (mod 4). All of these results are obtained by the approach of establishing a new existence result on RH(62n) for all n≥2. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Combin Designs 18: 209–223, 2010
Behavioral treatment of substance abuse in schizophrenia
Authors: Tenhula Wendy N. , Bennett Melanie E. , Strong Kinnaman Joanna E. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractCo‐occurring substance use disorders are highly prevalent among individuals with schizophrenia and other serious and persistent mental illnesses (SPMI) and are associated with clinically significant consequences. A multifaceted behavioral treatment called Behavioral Treatment for Substance Abuse in Serious and Persistent Mental Illness (BTSAS) can reduce substance abuse in persons with SPMI. The key treatment strategies in BTSAS include a urinalysis contingency, short‐term goal setting, training in drug refusal skills, psychoeducation about the impact of drug use, and relapse prevention training. A case example illustrating the application of BTSAS is presented and relevant clinical issues are discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 65: 1–11, 2009.
Do molecular signals from the conceptus influence endometrium decidualization in rodents?
Authors: Herington Jennifer L. , Bany Brent M. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA critical period in establishing pregnancy occurs after the onset of implantation but before placental development. Evidence strongly suggests that abnormalities occurring during this period can result in pregnancy termination or in pre‐eclampsia; the latter may lead to small‐for‐gestational‐weight offspring that are likely to be unhealthy. Clearly, events occurring in the endometrium during the implantation process are crucial for proper fetal development and for optimal offspring health. In several mammalian species bi‐directional communication between the conceptus and endometrium during implantation is required for successful pregnancy. Although different implantation and placentation modes occur in different mammalian species, common aspects of this bi‐directional signaling may exist. The molecular signals from the trophoblast cells of the conceptus, which direct endometrial changes during implantation progression, are well known in some nonrodent species. Currently, we know little about such signaling in rodents during implantation progression, when the endometrium undergoes decidualization. This review focuses on data that support the hypothesis that paracrine signals from the rodent conceptus influence decidualization. Where possible, these findings are compared and contrasted with information currently known in other species that exhibit different implantation modes. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 312B:797–816, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antifibrotic effect through the regulation of transcription factor using ring type‐Sp1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotide in carbon tetrachloride‐induced liver fibrosis
Authors: Park Ji‐Hyun , Jo Ji‐Ho , Kim Kyung‐Hyun , Kim Soo‐Jung , Lee Woo‐Ram , Park Kwan‐Kyu , Park Jae‐Bok 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundLiver fibrosis is characterized by the excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Recent advances in the knowledge about the cellular, molecular and genetic aspects of fibrosis have opened a new era of research on liver cirrhosis. A transcription factor, Sp1, originally described as a ubiquitous transcription factor, is involved in the basal expression of ECM genes and may be important in the fibrotic processes.MethodsThe chronic hepatic damage received intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (2 mg/kg) dissolved in corn oil (1 : 3 ratio) three times a weekly for 8 weeks. The delivery of decoy oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) was performed by injection of 10 µg of scrambled decoy ODN or 10 µg of ring type (R)‐Sp1 decoy ODN through the mouse tail vein. All animals of each group were sacrificed, DNA binding activity, expression of cytokines and histological analysis were measured.ResultsWe have generated a R‐Sp1 decoy ODN that effectively blocks Sp1 binding to the promoter region for transcription regulation of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1. The expression of fibrotic cytokines and inflammatory cytokines was decreased by using the R‐Sp1 decoy ODN in liver cirrhosis.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that the R‐Sp1 decoy ODN inhibits TGF‐β1 expression in liver cirrhosis. These results indicate that targeting Sp1 can efficiently block ECM expression, and suggest that such an approach may represent an interesting therapeutic alternative towards the treatment of cirrhosis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bipartite vectors for co‐expression of a growth factor cDNA and short hairpin RNA against an apoptotic gene
Authors: Li Feng , Mahato Ram I. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundAlthough human islet transplantation is a promising approach for treating type I diabetes, its success is limited as a result of the poor survival rate of transplanted islets. Expression of a growth factor gene to promote revascularization and silencing of pro‐apoptotic genes before transplantation may improve the outcome of islet transplantation.MethodsIn the present study, we constructed bipartite plasmid vectors to co‐express a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cDNA and short hairpin (sh)RNA targeting inducible NO synthase (iNOS) gene. First, we screened shRNA sequences against human iNOS by transfecting plasmids encoding shRNA targeting different start sites of human iNOS. Then, the effect of different promoters [such as H1, U6 and cytomegalovirus (CMV)] and micro RNA backbones on gene silencing was determined.ResultsNo statistical difference in iNOS gene silencing was observed for the shRNA with H1, U6 and CMV promoters. In addition, a conventional shRNA showed better silencing of the iNOS gene compared to shRNA containing mir375 and mir30 backbones. A bipartite plasmid was also constructed with mir30‐shRNA and a VEGF cDNA controlled by a single CMV promoter. This plasmid showed a better silencing effect compared to plasmid without VEGF cDNA.ConclusionsIn the present study, we have successfully constructed bipartite vectors co‐expressing a VEGF cDNA and a shRNA against the iNOS gene. These vectors could be attractive candidates for improving the survival of transplanted islets. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combining angiogenic gene and stem cell therapies for myocardial infarction
Authors: Pons Jennifer , Huang Yu , Takagawa Junya , Arakawa‐Hoyt Janice , Ye Jianqin , Grossman William , Kan Yuet Wai , Su Hua 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundTransplantation of stem cells from various sources into infarcted hearts has the potential to promote myocardial regeneration. However, the regenerative capacity is limited partly as a result of the low survival rate of the transplanted cells in the ischemic myocardium. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that combining cell and angiogenic gene therapies would provide additive therapeutic effects via co‐injection of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with an adeno‐associated viral vector (AAV), MLCVEGF, which expresses vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in a cardiac‐specific and hypoxia‐inducible manner.MethodsMSCs isolated from transgenic mice expressing green fluorescent protein and MLCVEGF packaged in AAV serotype 1 capsid were injected into mouse hearts at the border of ischemic area, immediately after occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary, individually or together. Engrafted cells were detected and quantified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining. Angiogenesis and infarct size were analyzed on histological and immunohistochemical stained sections. Cardiac function was analyzed by echocardiography.ResultsWe found that co‐injection of AAV1‐MLCVEGF with MSCs reduced cell loss. Although injection of MSCs and AAV1‐MLCVEGF individually improved cardiac function and reduced infarct size, co‐injection of MSC and AAV1‐MLCVEGF resulted in the best improvement in cardiac function as well as the smallest infarct among all groups. Moreover, injection of AAV1‐MLCVEGF induced neovasculatures. Nonetheless, injection of MSCs attracted endogenous stem cell homing and increased scar thickness.ConclusionsCo‐injection of MLCVEGF and MSCs in ischemic hearts can result in better cardiac function and MSC survival, compared to their individual injections, as a result of the additive effects of each therapy. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Making poverty reduction inclusive: Experiences from Cambodia, Tanzania and Vietnam
Authors: Fritz Dominic , Miller Ursula , Gude Andreas , Pruisken Andreas , Rischewski Dorothea 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPoverty reduction strategy (PRS) processes have often failed to address the needs and interests of persons with disabilities. Without their inclusion, however, developmental strategies are unlikely to meet their goals. Three projects in Cambodia, Tanzania and Vietnam have fostered participation of persons with disabilities and their organisations in the PRS of their respective countries. This study examines the inclusive dimension of PRS processes and reviews the relationship between poverty and disability. It then describes the three projects and analyses their successes and challenges. While all projects have shown good results in terms of capacity development, few real impacts could be achieved regarding the implementation of PRSPs on a larger scale. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Including persons with disabilities in social cash transfer programmes in developing countries
Authors: Gooding Kate , Marriot Anna 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThis paper discusses inclusion of persons with disabilities in social cash transfer programmes in developing countries. Drawing on material from literature reviews and interviews, it considers potential challenges in the design of these programmes, particularly barriers to access and the complexities of assessment, and the impact of transfers for persons with disabilities. The paper identifies some key principles for including persons with disabilities in social transfer schemes, specifically: strong legal foundations; participation of persons with disabilities in programme design, implementation and evaluation; and embedding transfers within a wider framework of action to tackle discrimination and empower persons with disabilities. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis of stable isotopes of auxinic herbicides 4‐amino‐3,5,6‐trichloropicolinic acid and 4‐amino‐3,6‐dichloropicolinic acid
Authors: Johnson Peter L. , Pearson Norman R. , Schuster Bert , Cobb Jeremy 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPentachloropyridine serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of 4‐amino‐3,5,6‐trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) and 4‐amino‐3,6‐dichloropicolinic acid (aminopyralid). An M+3 stable isotope of pentachloropyridine (1, pentachloropyridine‐1‐15N‐2,6‐13C2) was prepared from K13C15N. Isotopically labeled pentachloropyridine was then carried through a seven‐step synthesis to give an M+3 stable isotope of 4‐amino‐3,5,6‐trichloropicolinic acid (2, picloram‐1‐15N‐2,6‐13C2) in an overall yield of 42%. The chlorine atom in the 5‐position of 2 was selectively removed via electrochemical reduction. Carrying out the electrochemical reduction in water provided an M+3 stable isotope of 4‐amino‐3,6‐dichloropicolinic acid (3, aminopyralid‐1‐15N‐2,6‐13C2), whereas conducting the reduction in deuterium oxide produced an M+4 stable isotope (4, aminopyralid‐1‐15N‐2,6‐13C2‐5‐2H). Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Utility of commercial radiosynthetic modules in captive solvent [11C]‐methylation reactions
Authors: Wilson Alan A. , Garcia Armando , Houle Sylvain , Vasdev Neil 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe utility of commercial radiosynthetic modules to prepare [11C]‐radiotracers using the captive solvent ‘LOOP’ method is demonstrated with the common radiosynthons [11C]‐iodomethane and [11C]‐methyl triflate. Several widely utilized radiotracers are prepared by this technique to demonstrate the versatility of the method. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Histology and ultrastructure of the placental membranes of the viviparous brown snake, Storeria dekayi (Colubridae: Natricinae)
Authors: Blackburn Daniel G. , Anderson Kristie E. , Johnson Amy R. , Knight Siobhan R. , Gavelis Gregory S. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe placental membranes of the viviparous brown snake Storeria dekayi were examined following mid‐gestation by means of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy to reveal their structural organization and cytological composition. By Zehr stage 32, the chorioallantoic placenta (allantoplacenta) is established around much of the egg, and a well‐developed omphalallantoic placenta occurs in the abembryonic hemisphere. The allantoplacenta exhibits multiple features that enhance interhemal exchange: the uterus and allantois are well vascularized, the chorionic and uterine epithelia are attenuated, and the shell membrane is vestigial and has begun to degenerate. In the omphalallantoic placenta, the uterine epithelium is enlarged and appears to be secretory. The omphalopleure contains two distinct populations of cells, and shows cytological evidence for absorption. In intermediate areas, regions of omphalallantoic placenta are being transformed into allantoplacenta, through depletion of the isolated yolk mass and reduction in epithelial height of both uterus and omphalopleure. Morphological evidence suggests that the allantoplacenta is specialized for gas exchange, and the omphalallantoic placenta, for maternal secretion and fetal absorption. On the basis of the available evidence, we postulate that this pattern is characteristic of the thamnophine radiation of snakes. J. Morphol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.