bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of pain and association with quality of life, depression and glycaemic control in patients with diabetes
Authors: Bair M. J. , Brizendine E. J. , Ackermann R. T. , Shen C. , Kroenke K. , Marrero D. G. 
Published: January 2010

Diabet. Med. 27, 578–584 (2010)AbstractAims  To determine the prevalence of pain and its association with glycaemic control, mental health and physical functioning in patients with diabetes.Methods  Cross‐sectional data from a multi‐site, prospective cohort study of 11 689 participants with diabetes. We analysed the associations of pain severity and interference with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements and Medical Outcomes Study SF—Mental and Physical Component Summary‐12 (MCS‐12 and PCS‐12) scores.Results  Of participants, 57.8% reported moderate to extreme pain and, compared with those without pain, were somewhat older (60.8 vs. 59.9 years, P < 0.001), more obese (body mass index of 32.1 vs. 29.8 kg/m2, P < 0.001), more likely to report being depressed or anxious (41.3 vs. 16.2%, P < 0.001) and more likely to report fair or poor health (48.5 vs. 23.1%, P < 0.001). Bivariate comparisons demonstrated that patients with extreme pain had higher HbA1c than those without pain (8.3 vs. 8.0%, P = 0.001). In multivariable analyses, pain was not associated with HbA1c (P = 0.304) but was strongly associated with worse MCS‐12 (P < 0.001), PCS‐12 (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001). Depression was 1.3 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.96) times more likely in patients with moderate pain and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.56, 2.46) times more likely in patients with extreme pain.Conclusions  Moderate to extreme pain was present in 57.8% of diabetic patients. Pain was strongly associated with poorer mental health and physical functioning, but not worse glycaemic control. Recognizing the high prevalence of pain and its strong association with poorer health‐related quality of life may be important to improve the comprehensive management of diabetes.
Decision‐making for and impact of early immunomodulatory treatment: the Austrian Clinically Isolated Syndrome Study (ACISS)
Authors: Fazekas F. , Baumhackl U. , Berger T. , Deisenhammer F. , Fuchs S. , Kristoferitsch W. , Ladurner G. , Soukop W. , Wimmer G. , Vass K. 
Published: January 2010

Background and purpose:  When to start disease‐modifying treatment (DMT) in patients with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) requires individual weighing of benefits versus possible burden of side effects and costs. How this occurs in a routine setting is barely known. The aim of the study was to investigate the decision‐making process regarding immediate or later DMT and the ensuing impact on CIS patients in Austria.Methods:  Demographic and (para) clinical characteristics of 296 CIS patients were recorded in 29 multiple sclerosis (MS) centres, and the patients’ overall condition was rated on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Clinical follow‐up and VAS ratings were repeated at 6‐month intervals over 2 years. The decision for initiation of DMT was at the physician’s and patient’s discretion.Results:  In 29% of patients, DMT was started within 3 months and this decision was independently associated with a T2‐lesion number ≥9 on MRI and a worse VAS rating by the physician. DMT initiation in the subsequent 6 months was additionally associated with the presence of oligoclonal bands and rarely occurred thereafter. Adapted to the clinical course, later treatment was associated with the highest rate of conversion to clinically definite MS and greatest disability after 2 years whilst never treated patients fared best. Patient VAS ratings significantly improved during follow‐up independently of treatment decisions.Conclusion:  The management of Austrian CIS patients relies strongly on MRI findings and the physicians’ interpretation of the patients’ overall situation which, after 2 years, depends primarily on the course of the disease.
Population‐based epidemiologic study of Wilson’s disease in Taiwan
Authors: Lai C.‐H. , Tseng H.‐F. 
Published: January 2010

Background:  The purpose of the study is to investigate the epidemiology and medical expenses of Wilson’s disease in Taiwan.Methods:  Cases of Wilson’s disease were identified from the National Health Insurance Research Database with corresponding International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD‐9) code 275.1 from January 2000 to December 2005. Age and sex‐specific incidences were estimated by dividing the incidence number by population data obtained from the Department of Statistics, Ministry of the Interior.Results:  During the study period, 495 cases of Wilson’s disease were identified. The male to female ratio was 1.28. The average annual incidence rate was 0.27 per 100 000, and the incidence rate peaked in the age group of 15–19 years. Most cases were juvenile and young adults. The prevalence increased steadily during the study period. Cirrhosis of the liver was the most common co‐existing condition.Conclusions:  This is the first population‐based epidemiologic study of Wilson’s disease in Taiwan. Because of the effective and affordable treatment, the prevalence of Wilson’s disease in Taiwan is expected to increase continuously.
Identification and characterization of a novel endogenous murine parkin mutation
Authors: Ramsey Chenere P. , Giasson Benoit I. 
Published: January 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 113, 402–417.AbstractVarious mutations in the PARK2 gene which encodes the protein, parkin, are causal of a disease entity‐termed autosomal recessive juvenile parkinsonism. Parkin can function as an E3 ubiquitin‐protein ligase, mediating the ubiquitination of specific targeted proteins and resulting in proteasomal degradation. Parkin is thought to lead to parkinsonism as a consequence of a loss in its function. In this study, immunoblot analyses of brain extracts from Balb/c, C57BL/6, C3H, and 129S mouse strains demonstrated significant variations in immunoreactivity with anti‐parkin monoclonal antibodies (PRK8, PRK28, and PRK109). This resulted partly from differences in the steady‐state levels of parkin protein across mouse strains. There was also a complete loss of immunoreactivity for PRK8 and PRK28 antibodies in C3H mice due to was because of a homologous nucleotide mutation resulting in an E398Q amino acid substitution. In cultured cells, parkin harboring this mutation had a greater tendency to aggregate, exhibited reduced interaction with the E2 ubiquitin‐conjugating enzymes, UbcH7 and UbcH8, and demonstrated loss‐of‐function in promoting the proteosomal degradation of a specific putative substrate, synphilin‐1. In situ, C3H mice displayed age‐dependent increased levels of brain cortical synphilin‐1 compared with C57BL/6, suggesting that E398Q parkin in these mice is functionally impaired and that C3H mice may be a suitable model of parkin loss‐of‐function similar to patients with missense mutations.
Roles of nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide in the regulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
Authors: Mancuso Cesare , Navarra Pierluigi , Preziosi Paolo 
Published: January 2010

J. Neurochem. (2010) 113, 563–575.AbstractThe importance of stress in modifying human behavior and lifestyle is no longer a matter of debate. Although mild stress enhances the immune response and prevents infections, prolonged stress seems to play pathogenic roles in depression and neurodegenerative disorders. The body has developed an adaptive stress response consisting of cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychological changes, which act in concert to eliminate stressors. One of the major components of this response is the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, also known as the stress axis. Over the last 30 years, many studies have documented the integrated stress‐axis regulation by neurotransmitters. They have also demonstrated that gaseous neuromodulators, such as NO, CO, and H2S, regulate the hypothalamic release of neuropeptides. The specific effects (stimulatory vs. inhibitory) of these gases on the stress axis varies, depending on the type of stress (neurogenic or immuno‐inflammatory), its intensity (low or high), and the species studied (rodents or humans). This review examines the complex roles of NO, CO, and H2S in modulation of stress‐axis activity, with particular emphasis on the regulatory effects they exert at the hypothalamic level.
Investigation of enhancement effects of nicotine on cholinergic neurotransmission in isolated rabbit gastric fundus: role of antioxidants
Authors: Anuvarbekova A. , Fincan G. S. O. , Vural I. M. , Ozger S. I. , Ercan Z. S. , Utkan T. , Sarioglu Y. 
Published: January 2010

Summary 1 Nicotine, which is tobacco alkaloid, still induces interests for researchers because of smokers addiction to nicotine. Nicotine having influence on the neuronal acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) increases release of most certain neurotransmitters from the nerve endings. Also, nicotine, affecting the mitochondrial respiratory chains, contributes to the formation of reactive oxygen species. 2 In the present study, we investigated the effects of nicotine on smooth muscles of gastric fundus on the electrical field stimulation (EFS) that induces transition contraction via stimulation nAChRs. In addition, we aimed to investigate the interaction between release of acetylcholine, induced by nicotine, and the effects of reactive oxygen species. 3 Therefore, the effects of allopurinol (10−6–10−5 m), deferoxamine (10−4 m) and mannitol (10−4–5 × 10−3 m) were tested on the transient contraction induced by nicotine. 4 In conclusion, mannitol (5 × 10−3 m) significantly reduced contractile response to nicotine on EFS only in high concentration. Whereas in small concentrations mannitol (10−4 m) statistically did not cause any results. Deferoxamine and allopurinol also did not have any significant response.
Dietary restriction and aging, 2009
Authors: Katewa Subhash D. , Kapahi Pankaj 
Published: January 2010

SummaryDietary restriction (DR) is a robust nongenetic, nonpharmacological intervention that is known to increase active and healthy lifespan in a variety of species. Despite a variety of differences in the protocols and the way DR is carried out in different species, conserved relationships are emerging among multiple species. 2009 saw the field of DR mature with important mechanistic insights from multiple species. A report of lifespan extension in rapamycin‐treated mice suggested that the TOR pathway, a conserved mediator of DR in invertebrates, may also be critical to DR effects in mammals. 2009 also saw exciting discoveries related to DR in various organisms including yeast, worms, flies, mice, monkeys and humans. These studies complement each other and together aim to deliver the promise of postponing aging and age‐related diseases by revealing the underlying mechanisms of the protective effects of DR. Here, we summarize a few of the reports published in 2009 that we believe provide novel directions and an improved understanding of dietary restriction.
Restoration of Species‐Rich, Nutrient‐Limited Mountain Grassland by Mowing and Fertilization
Authors: Pecháčková Sylvie , Hadincová Věra , Münzbergová Zuzana , Herben Tomáš , Krahulec František 
Published: January 2010

Mowing and management to reduce nutrient levels have often been successfully used to restore species‐rich grasslands in various parts of Europe. However, such treatments have failed to restore the species‐rich Central European mountain grasslands dominated by Polygonum bistorta. P. bistorta builds an extensive underground rhizome system that monopolizes available nutrients in these nutrient‐poor grasslands, enabling this species to persist at high densities even in the presence of mowing. Therefore, we tested a restoration approach using a factorial combination of fertilization and mowing, as well as a litter removal treatment. The experiment was run over 5 years and species composition response to these treatments was recorded at two spatial scales. Mowing suppressed flowering and cover of P. bistorta and promoted target grassland species and richness. Fertilization prevented nutrient impoverishment and increased height and dominance of the broad‐leaved grasses with which many species‐rich grassland herbs could coexist. The additive effect of the mowing/fertilization treatments was strong enough to act as a driver of P. bistorta suppression and associated community change. The litter removal treatment, however, had little effect on plant composition. The experiment demonstrates that in nutrient‐limited grasslands, increasing nutrient levels in addition to mowing to manage competition for light can be used to control dominants. This contrasts with restoration of systems where after abandonment increased nutrient levels lead to the establishment of tall dominants that suppress other species by competition for light.
Migraine, Migraine Features, and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Schürks Markus , Buring Julie E. , Kurth Tobias 
Published: January 2010

(Headache 2010;50:1031‐1040)Background.— Many studies support an association between migraine and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This association appears particularly in migraine with aura and is also modified by additional factors.Objective.— We sought to investigate whether the association between migraine and CVD in addition to aura status is affected by certain migraine features.Methods.— Cohort study among 27,840 women, participating in the Women's Health Study. We had detailed self‐reported information on migraine and migraine features among women with active migraine (migraine during the year prior to baseline). Incident CVD events were confirmed after medical record review. We used Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the association between migraine and incident CVD. The results have been presented in part before. We ran additional analyses according to migraine features.Results.— At baseline, 5125 (18.4%) women reported history of migraine; 39.7% of the 3610 women with active migraine indicated aura. During a mean of 11.9 years of follow‐up, 708 CVD events occurred. Migraine with aura doubled the risk for CVD, ischemic stroke, and myocardial infarction. With regard to ischemic stroke, this association seemed stronger in the absence than in the presence of migraine features. This was most pronounced in the absence (hazard ratio = 3.27; 95% CI = 1.93‐5.51; P < .0001) than in the presence of nausea/vomiting (hazard ratio = 0.91; 95% CI = 0.43‐1.93; P = .80). In contrast, the association with myocardial infarction did not reveal a certain pattern.Conclusions.— These data suggest that the association between migraine with aura and ischemic stroke may differ by absence or presence of migraine features.
Evolutionary Change and Marshall's Abandoned Second Volume
Authors: Moss L. S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIt is well known how in his later years, Alfred Marshall became less enamored with equilibrium methods of reasoning in economics and advocated instead the study of [evolutionary] biology. Some have alleged that Marshall's change of heart is what led him to abandon the project of preparing the second volume of his Principles of Economics. In this paper I deny that it was Marshall's commitment to evolutionary biology that held back volume 2. Rather, it may have been his stubborn commitment to a particular variant of evolutionary biology (that is, Spencer's version of evolutionary biology) that blinded him to the way a more far reaching synthesis of Darwinian and equilibrium notions might have been accomplished. The application of the modern biological synthesis might have enriched some of Marshall's earlier equilibrium notions such as the “representative firm”.Résumé.  Il est bien connu que, dans ses vieux jours, Alfred Marshall devint moins amouraché des méthodes de raisonnement de l'équilibre en économique et préconisait à la place 1'étude de la biologie (évolutionniste). Certains ont allégué que c'est ce changement de noyau qui a conduit Marshall à abandonner son projet de préparation d'un second volume de ses Principes. Cet article dénie que ce soit son engagement dans la biologie évolutionniste qui empêcha le volume 2. Il se pourrait bien plutôt que ce soit son engagement têtu dans une variante particulière de la biologie évolutionniste (c'est‐à‐dire, la version de Spencer) qui lui ait bouché la voie d'une synthèse de plus longue portée entre les notions de l'équilibre et de Darwin. L'application de la synthèse biologique moderne aurait pu enrichir certaines des notions de l'équilibre initial de Marshall telles que celle de “firme représentative”.
Price Theory and the Study of Deception in the Exchange Process
Authors: Moss Laurence S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe general equilibrium approach in orthodox economics largely abstracted from the passing of time. In a timeless world, strategy and deception are difficult to define. The mainstream analysis of the second half of the twentieth century was mostly about establishing the limits within which price ratios might profitably vary in a world where people keep promises and are honest. Curiously, another group of milestones (some of which date back to the 1920s and 1930s) exist that, when taken together, may spark a renewed interest in the economics of fraud and deception.
Richard Whately and the Gospel of Transparency
Authors: Levy David , Peart Sandra J. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWhately is a difficult thinker, partly because he is competent in so many disciplines. Joseph Schumpeter, who struggled with Whatley's “elusive” greatness, saw a systematic core in Whately: the force behind Nassau Senior's axiomatics. Whately's contemporaries did not talk of axiomatics, but they did point out that his work depended upon an unusually small number of authorities, that is, Aristotle, Bacon, and Smith. In our interpretation, these foundational sources gave Whately three guiding principles to characterizeallhuman activity: innate sociability, innate self‐love, and costly mental activity. Self‐love includes a desire to know and a desire to share knowledge. These principles, coupled with a normative principle of fairness, constitute the basis for his science of reciprocal exchange, or catallactics. Violations of fairness motivate his multidimensional reform proposals. For Whately, fairness requires transparency, and the demands of transparency for tractions is literally Gospel.
Laurence Steven Moss, 1944–2009
Authors: Ahiakpor James C. W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractLarry Moss lived a busy life as an academic, a professor, an attorney, a journal editor, and a skilled magician. He was a prolific publisher of scholarly articles and books, and an editor of scholarly volumes. With friendly charm and humor, he sought to encourage others in their scholarly pursuits. He employed his magical skills to enliven his courses and to illustrate certain economic phenomena. Larry served the History of Economics Society in important capacities, including its presidency. He sought “methodological tolerance” and interacted with scholars of different philosophical persuasions. He organized memorials for numerous other economists; it thus is fitting that we do so here for him.
Image Integration Using Intracardiac Ultrasound and 3D Reconstruction for Scar Mapping and Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardia
Authors: BUNCH T. JARED , WEISS J. PETER , CRANDALL BRIAN G. , DAY JOHN D. , DIMARCO JOHN P. , FERGUSON JOHN D. , MASON PAMELA K. , McDANIEL GEORGE , OSBORN JEFFREY S. , WIGGINS DAVE , MAHAPATRA SRIJOY 
Published: January 2010

Background:
Ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) reduces implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks. Intracardiac ultrasound (ICE) can visualize and quantify the function of all left ventricular wall segments. We thus hypothesized that ICE could identify scar tissue and provide a guide to facilitate substrate‐guided VT ablation.
Methods:
Eighteen patients underwent VT ablation with real time ICE mapping from the right atrium and ventricle with online 3D‐image reconstruction of scar segments. The left ventricle was also scar mapped by traditional electroanatomic mapping (CARTO) for comparison. Images from these 2 scar mapping techniques were compared to each other as well as to a preprocedure transthoracic echocardiogram.
Results:
The average age was 65 ± 12 years and 12 (67%) were male (15 [83%] had ischemic cardiomyopathy). Two patients (12%) had recurrence of their clinical VT (1 remained on an antiarrhythmic medication, the other had a repeat ablation) over a follow‐up of 127 ± 33 days. No periprocedural or long‐term adverse events occurred. A total of 248 wall segments were analyzed. All 3 modalities were concordant in scar identification in 193 (78%) segments. The ICE segments correlated with the electroanatomic map in 213 (86%) segments versus 198 (80%), which correlated with transthoracic echocardiography and electroanatomic mapping (P = 0.046). Specifically, the ICE wall motion scores were closer to the electroanatomic mapping in the basal segments and showed a higher accuracy in ischemic heart disease.
Conclusion:
These data demonstrate that real time ICE images provide accurate chamber geometries and scar boundaries of the left ventricle. These scar borders were more accurate than transthoracic echocardiography and illustrate the feasibility of ICE for substrate‐based ablation for VT. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 678‐684, June 2010)
Circadian and Gender Effects on Repolarization in Healthy Adults: A Study Using Harmonic Regression Analysis
Authors: Mayuga Kenneth A. , Thattassery Emil , Taneja Taresh , Karha Juhana , Subacius Haris , Goldberger Jeffrey , Kadish Alan 
Published: January 2010

Background: Sudden cardiac death and myocardial infarction have a circadian variation with a peak incidence in the early morning hours. Increased dispersion of repolarization facilitates the development of conduction delay necessary to induce sustained arrhythmia. Both QT‐dispersion and T‐wave peak to T‐wave end (TpTe) have been proposed as markers of dispersion of myocardial repolarization. Methods: Forty healthy adults (20 women), age 35–67 years old, with normal EKGs, echocardiograms, stress tests, and tilt‐table tests were analyzed during a 27‐hour hospital stay. EKGs were done at eight different time points. QT‐intervals, QT‐dispersion, and TpTe were measured at each time point. Harmonic regression was used to model circadian periodicity, P < 0.05 was considered significant. Results: The composite QT‐interval was longer in women than in men (416 ± 17 msec vs 411 ± 20 msec, respectively, P = 0.006). The QT‐dispersion among all leads was greater in men than women (37 ± 13 msec vs 30 ± 11 msec, respectively, P < 0.0001); a similar difference was found in the precordial leads. Harmonic regression showed that QT‐dispersion had a significant circadian variation, primarily in men. In men, the maximum QT‐dispersion occurred at 6 AM (45 ± 15 msec). TpTe also had a significant circadian variation that was not affected by gender in the majority of leads. Conclusions: A circadian variation exists in the dispersion of myocardial repolarization, as measured by both TpTe and QT‐dispersion. Men and women have a different circadian variation pattern. Further studies regarding the mechanisms and clinical implications are needed. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2010;15(1):3–10