bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence-driven decision making and firm performance: a quantitative approach
Authors: Giachino Chiara , Cepel Martin , Truant Elisa , Bargoni Augusto 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between artificial intelligence (AI) and decision making in the development of AI-related capabilities. We investigate if and how AI-driven decision making has an impact on firm performance. We also investigate the role played by environmental dynamism in the development of AI capabilities and AI-driven decision making.Design/methodology/approachWe surveyed 346 managers in the United States using established scales from the literature and leveraged p modelling to analyse the data.FindingsResults indicate that AI-driven decision making is positively related to firm performance and that big data-powered AI positively influences AI-driven decision making. Moreover, there is a positive relationship between big data-powered AI and the development of AI capability within a firm. It is also found that the control variables of firm size and age do not significantly affect firm performance. Finally, environmental dynamism does not have a positive and significant moderating effect on the path connecting big data-powered AI and AI-driven decision making, while it exerts a positive moderating effect on the development of AI capability to strengthen AI-driven decision making.Originality/valueThese findings extend the resource-based view by highlighting the capabilities developed within the firm to manage big data-powered AI. This research also provides theoretically grounded guidance to managers wanting to align their AI-driven decision making with superior firm performance.
How hospitality businesses can entice older workers to resolve the sector’s employment crisis
Authors: Brown Penny 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to analyse how hospitality businesses can entice older workers to resolve the sector’s employment crisis.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a viewpoint article looking at the benefits of older workers in hospitality.

Findings
The UK’s vast pool of over-50s candidates can help resolve the hospitality sector’s employment crisis. Not only can they offer a range of skills, knowledge and experience to bolster the workforce, their presence can increase diversity, add gravitas and provide mentoring opportunities for younger employees. To attract and retain these workers, however, businesses may need to review employment policies and procedures, revise recruitment strategies and prioritise fostering a culture of inclusivity where employees of all ages feel supported.

Originality/value
This paper is researched and written by Penny Brown.
Tourism and passenger air transport: a Horizon 2050 paper
Authors: Lohmann Gui , Peres de Oliveira Renan 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Tourism is integral to the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) and is closely linked to air transport. This paper aims to explore their relationship, emphasising impacts on accessibility, connectivity and collaborative efforts between airlines, destination management organisations and stakeholders. Improved air transport contributes to tourism-led growth, economic development, job creation and cultural exchange. However, environmental challenges prompt innovation with cleaner technologies and sustainable aviation fuels.

Design/methodology/approach
Opinion piece.

Findings
Linking aviation and tourism to the UN SDGs, the paper showcases contributions done to date to environmental, social and economic aspects. The paper suggests a focused strategy for aviation to align more closely with the UN SDGs. Actions such as exploring alternative fuels, prioritising energy-efficient aircraft, addressing local impacts and fostering global collaboration are crucial in addressing gender disparities for a more inclusive future.

Originality/value
This piece examines air transport developments from 1946 to 2020, revealing transformative periods marked by regulatory agreements, technological advancements and sustainability initiatives. The paper also addresses COVID-19 impacts, highlighting vulnerabilities, resilience and lessons for adaptability and sustainability.
Automatic evaluation of Nail Psoriasis Severity Index using deep learning algorithm
Authors: Paik Kyungho , Kim Bo Ri , Youn Sang Woong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNail psoriasis is a chronic condition characterized by nail dystrophy affecting the nail matrix and bed. The severity of nail psoriasis is commonly assessed using the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index (NAPSI), which evaluates the characteristics and extent of nail involvement. Although the NAPSI is numeric, reproducible, and simple, the assessment process is time‐consuming and often challenging to use in real‐world clinical settings. To overcome the time‐consuming nature of NAPSI assessment, we aimed to develop a deep learning algorithm that can rapidly and reliably evaluate NAPSI, thereby providing numerous clinical and research advantages. We developed a dataset consisting of 7054 single fingernail images cropped from images of the dorsum of the hands of 634 patients with psoriasis. We annotated the eight features of the NAPSI in a single nail using bounding boxes and trained the YOLOv7‐based deep learning algorithm using this annotation. The performance of the deep learning algorithm (DLA) was evaluated by comparing the NAPSI estimated using the DLA with the ground truth of the test dataset. The NAPSI evaluated using the DLA differed by 2 points from the ground truth in 98.6% of the images. The accuracy and mean absolute error of the model were 67.6% and 0.449, respectively. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.876, indicating good agreement. Our results showed that the DLA can rapidly and accurately evaluate the NAPSI. The rapid and accurate NAPSI assessment by the DLA is not only applicable in clinical settings, but also provides research advantages by enabling rapid NAPSI evaluations of previously collected nail images.
Association of neutrophil/lymphocyte and platelet/lymphocyte ratios with inflammation and survival in Mexican patients on chronic hemodialysis
Authors: Chávez Valencia Venice , Orizaga de la Cruz Citlalli , Lagunas‐Rangel Francisco A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionNeutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are markers of systemic inflammatory status. The relationship between NLR, PLR, and mortality is controversial among hemodialysis (HD) patients.ObjectiveEvaluate NLR and PLR in the prediction of mortality in chronic HD patients.Materials and methodsWe analyzed 130 patients with a follow‐up for 66 months. Four groups were established according to NLR–PLR values. Kaplan–Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used.ResultsNLR–PLR correlated positively with C‐reactive protein. Cox regression analysis for overall mortality among the four groups included age (HR 1.027, 95% CI 1.003–1.053) and albumin (HR 0.25, 95% CI 0.073–0.85). For cardiovascular (CV) mortality only pulse pressure differential (PPD) was included (HR 1.033; 95% CI 1.014–1.052). Low NLRs and high PLRs were associated with CV mortality (Log Rank test, p = 0.033).ConclusionsLow NLRs and high PLRs predict the risk of CV mortality among HD patients.
Comparative metabolic profiling of the mycelium and fermentation broth of Penicillium restrictum from Peucedanum praeruptorum rhizosphere
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Liao Ranran , Pan Haoyu , Wang Xuejun , Wan Xiaoting , Han Bangxing , Song Cheng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMicroorganisms in the rhizosphere, particularly arbuscular mycorrhiza, have a broad symbiotic relationship with their host plants. One of the major fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of Peucedanum praeruptorum is Penicillium restrictum. The relationship between the metabolites of P. restrictum and the root exudates of P. praeruptorum is being investigated. The accumulation of metabolites in the mycelium and fermentation broth of P. restrictum was analysed over different fermentation periods. Non‐targeted metabolomics was used to compare the differences in intracellular and extracellular metabolites over six periods. There were significant differences in the content and types of mycelial metabolites during the incubation. Marmesin, an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of coumarins, was found in the highest amount on the fourth day of incubation. The differential metabolites were screened to obtain 799 intracellular and 468 extracellular differential metabolites. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis showed that the highly enriched extracellular metabolic pathways were alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis. In addition, the enrichment analysis associated with intracellular and extracellular ATP‐binding cassette transporter proteins revealed that some ATP‐binding cassette transporters may be involved in the transportation of certain amino acids and carbohydrates. Our results provide some theoretical basis for the regulatory mechanisms between the rhizosphere and the host plant and pave the way for the heterologous production of furanocoumarin.
Crafting effective regulatory policies for psychedelics: What can be learned from the case of cannabis?
Authors: Andrews Christina M. , Hall Wayne , Humphreys Keith , Marsden John 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe turn of the century brought a resurgence of interest in psychedelics as a treatment for addiction and other psychiatric conditions, accompanied by extensive positive media attention and private equity investment. Government regulatory bodies in Australia, Israel, Canada and the United States now permit use of psychedelics for medical purposes. In the United States, citizen action and corporate financing have led to petitions and ballot initiatives to legalize psilocybin and other psychedelics for medical and recreational use. Given this momentum, policymakers must grapple with important questions that define whether and how psychedelics are made available to the public, as well as how companies produce and promote them. The current push to broaden the production, sale, and use of psychedelics bears many parallels to the movement to legalize cannabis in the United States and other nations—most notably, the use of poorly‐evidenced therapeutic claims to create a de facto recreational market via the health care system. Experience with cannabis highlights the value of debating the question of legalization for nonmedical use as such rather than misrepresenting it as a medical issue. The lessons of cannabis policy also suggest a need to challenge hyping of psychedelic research findings; to promote rigorous clinical research on dosing and potency; to minimize the influence of for‐profit industry in shaping policies to their economic advantage; and to coordinate federal, state, and local governments to regulate the manufacture, sale and distribution of psychedelic drugs (regardless of whether they are legalized for medical and/or recreational use).
Flavonoids and post haemorrhoidectomy recovery: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pitesa Renato , Yuen Wai Yan (Rachel) , Hill Andrew G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHaemorrhoidectomy is the gold standard for definitive treatment of high‐grade symptomatic haemorrhoids but is often associated with substantial pain. This systematic review aims to explore the potential of flavonoids in alleviating the postoperative symptom burden following excisional haemorrhoidectomy.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42023472711). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus from inception to 1st December 2023 were retrieved. The primary outcome investigated was post‐operative pain. Meta‐analysis was performed using Review Manager version 5.4.1.ResultsTen articles with 775 patients were included. The meta‐analysis identified statistically significant decreases in post‐operative pain in favour of the flavonoid groups (Standardized Mean Difference −0.66 [95% confidence intervals (CI) −0.82, −0.52]; P < 0.00001), and bleeding (Odds Ratio 0.13 [95% CI 0.09, 0.19]; P < 0.00001).ConclusionFlavonoids show promise as a means of reducing pain associated with excisional haemorrhoidectomy. Further research is required to investigate topical routes of administration and standardize regimes.
Hauntings of Absence and Erasure: Black Archival Practices of Property Data
Authors: Percel Joyce 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article analyses data at the intersection of digital geographies, critical data studies, and Black studies to bring clarity to relations, differences, and frictions between Black knowledge‐making and common data practices. I highlight artist Tonika Lewis Johnson's project, Inequity for Sale, and detail a genealogy of the data she uses in this project to illustrate how she situates these data within the afterlives of slavery. Drawing from Avery Gordon's theorisation of haunting and ideas towards absences and erasures in Black archival practice, I argue that absences in data can lead to narratives that focus on violence as a singular historical event that is isolated from a larger history of violence. I suggest that bringing a curiosity to these absences, rather than dismissing them or framing them as oversights, can help re‐situate data within a broader temporal‐relational context that brings a sense of Black humanity to the fore.
Quality of life and functional vision in adolescents with surgically treated hydrocephalus in infancy
Authors: Najim Rezhna Taha , Andersson Susann , Tullberg Mats , Andersson Grönlund Marita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate health‐ and vision‐related quality of life (HR‐ and VR‐QoL) and perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD) in adolescents with hydrocephalus surgically treated in infancy.MethodsIn total, 23 adolescents (15 males and 8 females; median age 14.9 years) with hydrocephalus and 31 controls were evaluated using validated instruments to measure HR‐QoL and VR‐QoL. PVDs were reported by history taking in five areas: recognition, orientation, depth, movement and simultaneous perception.ResultsAdolescents with hydrocephalus and the parent proxy reports showed lower mean total Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 scores (75.8 and 63.7, respectively) compared with controls (87.6 and 91.5), p = 0.016 and p < 0.0001. Parent‐reported scores were lower than self‐reported scores (p = 0.001). Adolescents with myelomeningocele (n = 10) showed lower physical health scores (p = 0.001). No VR‐QoL difference was found between groups. PVDs were reported in ≥1 area by 14/23 hydrocephalus participants and 2/31 controls (p < 0.0001). Associations were found in the hydrocephalus group between VR‐QoL and HR‐QoL (rs = 0.47, p = 0.026) and number of PVD areas (rs = −0.6, p = 0.003).ConclusionAdolescents with hydrocephalus and their parents reported lower HR‐QoL and more PVDs. These problems indicate the need for not only ophthalmological follow‐ups but also evaluation of QoL and PVDs in individuals with infantile hydrocephalus.
Impact of ownership structure and cross‐listing on the role of female audit committee financial experts in mitigating earnings management
Authors: Bilal  , Ezeani Francisca , Usman Muhammad , Komal Bushra , Gerged Ali Meftah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study investigates whether female Audit Committee Financial Experts (ACFEs) at Chinese listed companies reduce earnings management by examining their influence under different ownership structures and cross‐listing scenarios. Our findings reveal that female ACFEs negatively affect earnings management, with their impact varying by ownership type. Specifically, female ACFEs in privately owned enterprises (non‐SOEs) are more effective at reducing earnings management than those in state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). Furthermore, our analysis indicates that female ACFEs in cross‐listed firms are better at mitigating earnings management compared with their counterparts in domestically listed firms. These results have significant implications for regulators, market authorities, investors, and corporate managers, highlighting the crucial role of female ACFEs in improving corporate transparency across diverse ownership frameworks and cross‐listing conditions.
Developing students' creative problem‐solving strategies in the context of blended sports education
Authors: Lin Yen‐Nan , Hsia Lu‐Ho , Hwang Gwo‐Jen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo win in sports competitions, in addition to excellent sports skills, coping strategies in the face of various competition situations are also critical for success. Therefore, cultivating students' diverse, creative and flexible tactical application abilities is an important educational goal in sports training. However, in the online component of blended training in sports, conventional instructional approaches are teacher‐centred and hardly ever adopt the consolidated approaches to creative problem solving used in other fields. This results in limited opportunities for students to discover the problems and apply their creative thinking tendencies for problem solving. Hence, the present study proposed applying a consolidated creative problem‐solving approach in the online phase of blended training initiatives in order to cultivate students' higher‐order thinking skills. To verify the effectiveness of this approach, a convenience grouping‐based quasi‐experiment design was adopted. A 10‐week teaching experiment was conducted in a billiards training course. A total of 79 students were recruited in this study; they were divided into one CPS‐BL group with 41 students and one conventional blended learning (C‐BL) group with 38 students. The results showed that the CPS‐BL approach could significantly enhance students' billiards striking strategies, creative thinking tendencies and problem‐solving skills.Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

In many sports, like billiards, physical skills are generally not enough; higher‐order thinking skills are also needed to succeed.
Blended learning in these sports generally entails teacher‐centred approaches in the online component and practice in the f2f component. This provides students with limited opportunities to develop their creative problem‐solving skills.
There are consolidated methods to develop students' strategic skills though creative problem solving, but these are seldom applied in sports.
What this paper adds

The application of a creative problem‐solving approach to physical education is proposed.
An experiment was conducted in a university billiards course to evaluate the impacts of the proposed approach.
The approach enhanced students' billiards striking strategies, problem‐solving skills and creative thinking. Implications for practice and/or policy of creative problem‐solving‐based blended learning has great potential for promoting students' problem‐solving skills and creative thinking.
Implications for practice and/or policy

Creative problem solving‐based blended learning has great potential for promoting students' problem‐solving skills and creative thinking.
The findings of this study provide a reference for future endeavours in designing blended physical learning.
Pharmacological and behavioural effects of tryptamines present in psilocybin‐containing mushrooms
Authors: Rakoczy Ryan J. , Runge Grace N. , Sen Abhishek K. , Sandoval Oscar , Wells Hunter G. , Nguyen Quynh , Roberts Brianna R. , Sciortino Jon H. , Gibbons William J. , Friedberg Lucas M. , Jones J. Andrew , McMurray Matthew S. 
Published: June 2024

Background and PurposeDemand for new antidepressants has resulted in a re‐evaluation of the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs. Several tryptamines found in psilocybin‐containing “magic” mushrooms share chemical similarities with psilocybin. Early work suggests they may share biological targets. However, few studies have explored their pharmacological and behavioural effects.Experimental ApproachWe compared baeocystin, norbaeocystin and aeruginascin with psilocybin to determine if they are metabolized by the same enzymes, similarly penetrate the blood–brain barrier, serve as ligands for similar receptors and modulate behaviour in rodents similarly. We also assessed the stability and optimal storage and handling conditions for each compound.Key ResultsIn vitro enzyme kinetics assays found that all compounds had nearly identical rates of dephosphorylation via alkaline phosphatase and metabolism by monoamine oxidase. Further, we found that only the dephosphorylated products of baeocystin and norbaeocystin crossed a blood–brain barrier mimetic to a similar degree as the dephosphorylated form of psilocybin, psilocin. The dephosphorylated form of norbaeocystin was found to activate the 5‐HT2A receptor with similar efficacy to psilocin and norpsilocin in in vitro cell imaging assays. Behaviourally, only psilocybin induced head twitch responses in rats, a marker of 5‐HT2A‐mediated psychedelic effects and hallucinogenic potential. However, like psilocybin, norbaeocystin improved outcomes in the forced swim test. All compounds caused minimal changes to metrics of renal and hepatic health, suggesting innocuous safety profiles.Conclusions and ImplicationsCollectively, this work suggests that other naturally occurring tryptamines, especially norbaeocystin, may share overlapping therapeutic potential with psilocybin, but without causing hallucinations.
Vertical niche and trait associations in Central African amphibians
Authors: Basham Edmund W. , Scheffers Brett R. , Nakamura Akihiro , Bamba‐Kaya Abraham , Jongsma Gregory F. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTropical forests are vertically complex and offer unique niche opportunities in the form of resources, climate, and habitat gradients from the forest floor to the canopy. Rainforest amphibians have diversified within this vertical space, resulting in partitioned niches and corresponding morphological, behavioral, and reproductive traits. However, a lack of data regarding the vertical niche space used by amphibian species has prevented a nuanced analysis of the form‐function relationship between traits and vertical height. We performed 74 ground‐to‐canopy surveys for amphibians in the tropical rainforest of Gabon and described the vertical stratification patterns of the assemblage in terms of richness, abundance, and species‐specific vertical niches. We determined that the community shift in richness and abundance between the ground and understory was pronounced, while the community change from understory to canopy was gradual. We analyzed the relationships between amphibian traits with vertical height using linear mixed effects models, finding strong support (>60% variance explained) that frogs with bigger toes in relation to their length access greater height in the canopy. This relationship provides support for the form‐function hypothesis: that morphology changes predictably to meet the functional demands of species along niche gradients. Furthermore, we documented differences in the vertical heights of species according to their reproductive modes, highlighting the potential impact of reproductive mode diversity on the vertical stratification patterns of amphibian assemblages.