bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Double wire” angio‐seal closure technique after balloon aortic valvuloplasty
Authors: Bui Quang T. , Kolansky Daniel M. , Bannan Amr , Herrmann Howard C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectives: To report the feasibility of a collagen‐mediated closure device using a modified Angio‐Seal closure technique for access site management following percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV). Background: With the advent of percutaneous aortic valve replacement therapies, there has been a resurgence of interest in BAV procedures. Vascular complications, including bleeding, are a common source of morbidity post procedure as a result of the requirement for large bore femoral artery access. The use of vascular closure devices may reduce bleeding complications. Methods: We describe a new technique for vascular closure in this setting. At the conclusion of the valvuloplasty procedure, two 0.035″ wires are inserted through the femoral artery sheath. A conventional collagen‐mediated closure device (8F Angio‐Seal) is deployed over the first wire and along side the second wire. If immediate hemostasis is not achieved, a second device is loaded onto the second wire and deployed to achieve hemostasis. Results: Percutaneous BAV was performed in 21 patients. Hemostasis was successfully achieved in all patients with either a single 8F Angio‐Seal closure device (18 patients) or after placement of a second device (three patients). Conclusions: The modified “Double Wire” Angio‐Seal technique is a feasible method for hemostasis following percutaneous BAV. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Retrieval of an embolized amplatzer septal occluder
Authors: Chan Kam Tim , Cheng Boron Cheung Wah 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPercutaneous closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) by various devices has been proven to be an effective and safe treatment modality for patients with congenital heart diseases. However, we have to be aware of the potential early and late complications like device embolization and formulate plan for rescue procedures. We have reported a case of successful closure of a large secundum ASD in a 23‐year‐old woman by a 40 mm Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO), which embolized into the right ventricle 4 hr after the procedure. This had caused palpitation and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. Patient safety was our most important concern and after discussion with the cardiac surgeons and the patient, we would like to make a percutaneous stepwise attempt for retrieval. We first applied an endocardial biopsy forcep to grap the disk of the ASO to fix and stabilize the dislodged device. This would prevent the device from obstructing the inflow and outflow tract and causing catastrophic consequences. Then, a 15‐mm Amplatz gooseneck snare was used to catch exactly at the connecting hub of the ASO disk, and the whole apparatus could then be cautiously and safely retrieved out from her body without complications. This had saved her from an unplanned emergency open heart operation that carried significant bleeding complication. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Batch Liquid‐Liquid Extraction of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Palma M. S. A. , Shibata C. , Paiva J. L. , Zilli M. , Converti A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe aim of this work is the study of batch liquid‐liquid extraction of phenol from aqueous solutions in a bench‐scale well‐mixed reactor. The influence of the ratio of phase volumes, temperature, and rotational speed on phenol removal (0.72–1.1 % w/w) was investigated using methyl isobutyl ketone as an extracting solvent. For this purpose, the ratio of phase volumes were set at 0.1 and 0.2, the temperature at 10, 20, and 30 °C, and the rotational speed at 300, 400, and 500 rpm. A physical model based on the material balance of the phases as well as the equation of mass flux between the phases allowed the estimation of the overall coefficient of mass transfer coupled with the superficial area. Moreover, it proved to fit, satisfactorily well, the experimental data of residual phenol concentration in the organic phase versus time under all the conditions investigated.
Design of Simulated Moving Bed Plants for Reduced Purities
Authors: Fütterer M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSimulated moving bed (SMB) chromatography is an established separation technology, where chromatographic columns are interconnected to a ring. The feeding and drains are switched over cyclically, such that a continuous separation becomes possible. For a faultless operation, the volumetric flow rates and switching time must be carefully adjusted. Therefore, it is desirable to calculate these values in dependence of the model parameters exactly. In this contribution, a new method is introduced to compute operating points for dispersion‐free SMB plants and to predict the associated time trajectories of the concentrations at the drains in cyclic steady state for user‐specified purities and degree of robustness. Simulation results are presented to show the potential of this new method.
Environmentally Benign Microreaction Process Design by Accompanying (Simplified) Life Cycle Assessment
Authors: Huebschmann S. , Kralisch D. , Hessel V. , Krtschil U. , Kompter C. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractContinuously running microreaction technology offers novel ways of process intensification, going beyond its established features such as process safety or modularity. One current concept is to operate under rough reaction conditions to speed up conversion rates. Performing microprocess technology under rigorous reaction conditions for several applications and under utilization of different techniques is currently investigated within the German research cluster called “Novel Process Windows”. Due to the improvements obtained in synthesis performance, a positive effect on environmental impacts is expected as well. But, harsh process conditions probably require added energy input and effort concerning process control and safety. The question whether the ratio of effort and benefit is less than for alternative approaches or not can be addressed by (Simplified) Life Cycle Assessment. Such analyses will be particularly helpful, if they are already integrated into the design of the process, in order to disclose the key drivers of a deliberated design of a green chemical process.
Novel Process Windows – A Contribution to More Sustainable Chemistry?
Authors: Hempel M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractSustainable chemistry is the attempt to design chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances, minimize waste and energy consumption, favor renewable resources and integrate aspects of recycling. Some technical approaches are reviewed, e.g., renewable resources, catalytic processes, novel solvent systems, and process intensification. The application of micro‐fluidic components and chemical reaction under novel process regimes, i.e., so called “novel process windows” are discussed.
Optical Coal Particle Temperature Measurement under Oxy‐Fuel Conditions: Measurement Methodology and Initial Results
Authors: Schiemann M. , Scherer V. , Wirtz S. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCoal combustion under oxy‐fuel conditions shows significant differences to combustion in air. Examinations on the single‐grain level give detailed insight into the combustion phenomena of ignition, volatile combustion, and char burnout and, therefore, provide the fundamentals for the development of large‐scale oxy‐fuel facilities. The combustion of a hard coal in a size fraction of dp = 90–125 μm was investigated in a laminar flow reactor at a temperature of 1500 K. The gaseous fuel oxidizer contained 3 % O2 by volume and CO2 or N2 as diluents. A third measurement in a CO2‐rich atmosphere containing 9 % O2 is also presented to show the influence of O2 concentration. Particle temperatures were measured for three residence times with an imaging two‐color pyrometer.
Hydrogen‐Atom Abstraction Reactions by Manganese(V)– and Manganese(IV)–Oxo Porphyrin Complexes in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Arunkumar Chellaiah , Lee Yong‐Min , Lee Jung Yoon , Fukuzumi Shunichi , Nam Wonwoo 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHigh‐valent manganese(IV or V)–oxo porphyrins are considered as reactive intermediates in the oxidation of organic substrates by manganese porphyrin catalysts. We have generated MnV– and MnIV–oxo porphyrins in basic aqueous solution and investigated their reactivities in CH bond activation of hydrocarbons. We now report that MnV– and MnIV–oxo porphyrins are capable of activating CH bonds of alkylaromatics, with the reactivity order of MnV–oxo>MnIV–oxo; the reactivity of a MnV–oxo complex is 150 times greater than that of a MnIV–oxo complex in the oxidation of xanthene. The CH bond activation of alkylaromatics by the MnV– and MnIV–oxo porphyrins is proposed to occur through a hydrogen‐atom abstraction, based on the observations of a good linear correlation between the reaction rates and the CH bond dissociation energy (BDE) of substrates and high kinetic isotope effect (KIE) values in the oxidation of xanthene and dihydroanthracene (DHA). We have demonstrated that the disproportionation of MnIV–oxo porphyrins to MnV–oxo and MnIII porphyrins is not a feasible pathway in basic aqueous solution and that MnIV–oxo porphyrins are able to abstract hydrogen atoms from alkylaromatics. The CH bond activation of alkylaromatics by MnV– and MnIV–oxo species proceeds through a one‐electron process, in which a MnIV–‐oxo porphyrin is formed as a product in the CH bond activation by a MnV–oxo porphyrin, followed by a further reaction of the MnIV–oxo porphyrin with substrates that results in the formation of a MnIII porphyrin complex. This result is in contrast to the oxidation of sulfides by the MnV–oxo porphyrin, in which the oxidation of thioanisole by the MnV–oxo complex produces the starting MnIII porphyrin and thioanisole oxide. This result indicates that the oxidation of sulfides by the MnV–oxo species occurs by means of a two‐electron oxidation process. In contrast, a MnIV–oxo porphyrin complex is not capable of oxidizing sulfides due to a low oxidizing power in basic aqueous solution.
Mechanistic Studies of CC Bond Cleavage of Nitriles by Dinuclear Metal Cryptates
Authors: Yang Li‐Zi , Li Yu , Zhuang Xiao‐Mei , Jiang Long , Chen Jia‐Mei , Luck Rudy L. , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe previously reported that dinuclear copper(II) cryptate [Cu2L]4+ cleaves the CC bond of acetonitrile at room temperature to produce a cyano‐bridged dinuclear cryptate and methanol, whereby the reaction mechanism has not yet become clear. We have now systemically investigated this reaction, and four cryptates, [Cu2L](ClO4)4 (1), [Zn2L](ClO4)4 (2), [Cu2L(H2O)2](CF3SO3)4 (5), and [Cu2L(OH)(OH2)](ClO4)3 (6) are reported here. Cryptates 1 and 2 can cleave the CC bonds of acetonitrile, propionitrile, and benzonitrile at room temperature under open atmospheric conditions to give cyano‐bridged cryptates [Cu2L(CN)](ClO4)3 (3) and [Zn2L(CN)](ClO4)3 (4), respectively, and the corresponding alcohol. In contrast, 5 and 6 do not show any CC bond activation of nitriles, as the interior axial positions of CuII in 5 and 6 are occupied by water/OH−. The CC bond cleavage of (S)‐(+)‐2‐methylbutyronitrile by 2 produced (R)‐(−)‐2‐butanol only; that is, the cleavage reaction proceeds through an SN2 pathway (Walden inversion).
Modelling Atypical Small‐Molecule Mimics of an Important Stem Cell Cytokine, Thrombopoietin
Authors: Tarasova Anna , Winkler David A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe report the first comprehensive 3D QSAR study of a large, structurally diverse set of compounds that act as atypical thrombopoietin (TPO) mimics by interacting with the transmembrane domain of the TPO receptor, c‐MPL. These agonists of c‐MPL were superimposed according to a pharmacophore hypothesis, resulting in 3D QSAR models of high statistical significance. The pharmacophore‐based superimposition and comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) were used to derive the QSAR models relating structure to the published in vitro bioactivities of the TPO mimics. The CoMFA and CoMSIA models gave high correlation coefficients of the bioactivities with the derived fields, resulting in robust prediction of agonist activity of the superimposed compounds. The models have been interpreted in terms of the requirements for binding to the transmembrane domain of the TPO receptor.
A functional network to predict fresh and hardened properties of self‐compacting concretes
Authors: Tomasiello Stefania 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLiterature offers several examples of application of neural networks to predict fresh and hardened properties of conventional and self‐compacting concretes. In this paper, these issues are addressed to a relatively recent computational scheme given by the functional networks, by proposing an initial simple application. The algorithm with some appropriate assumptions, reveals a quick convergence and an interesting generalization capability even if the training data set is poor. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FT Raman and DFT Study on a Series of All‐anti Oligothienoacenes End‐Capped with Triisopropylsilyl Groups
Authors: Malavé Osuna Reyes , Hernández Víctor , López Navarrete Juan T. , Aragó Juan , Viruela Pedro M. , Ortí Enrique , Suzuki Yoshitake , Yamaguchi Shigehiro , Henssler John T. , Matzger Adam J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHerein, we study the π‐conjugational properties of a homologous series of all‐anti oligothienoacenes containing four to eight fused thiophene rings by means of FT Raman spectroscopy and DFT calculations. The theoretical analysis of the spectroscopic data provides evidence that selective enhancement of a very limited number of Raman scatterings is related to the occurrence in these oligothienoacenes of strong vibronic coupling between collective ν(CC) stretching modes in the 1600–1300 cm−1 region and the HOMO/LUMO frontier orbitals (HOMO=highest occupied molecular orbital; LUMO=lowest unoccupied molecular orbital). The correlation of the Raman spectroscopic data and theoretical results for these all‐anti oligothienoacenes with those previously collected for a number of all‐syn oligothienohelicenes gives further support to the expectation that cross‐conjugation is dominant in heterohelicenes. Fully planar all‐anti oligothienoacenes display linear π conjugation which seemingly does not reach saturation with increasing number of annulated thiophene rings in the oligomeric chain at least up to the octamer.
Influence of Confined Water on the Photophysics of Dissolved Solutes in Reverse Micelles
Authors: Satpati Ashis Kumar , Kumbhakar Manoj , Nath Sukhendu , Pal Haridas 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe photophysical parameters of two probes with largely different hydrophobic character, namely, coumarin 1 and coumarin 343, are investigated in sodium bis‐(2‐ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate (AOT)/hexane/water reverse micelles at various water/AOT molar ratio w0. Correlation of photophysical parameters such as fluorescence quantum yield, fluorescence lifetime, and emission maxima with w0 indicate distinctly different trends below and above w0≈7 for both probes. The variation of the average rotational correlation times obtained from fluorescence anisotropy decays for both probes in reverse micelles further corroborate the above observation. Similar studies were also performed in nonaqueous reverse micelles with acetonitrile as polar solvent. Similar to aqueous reverse micelles, breaks in the photophysical parameters with increasing acetonitrile/AOT molar ratios w′0 were also observed in these cases, although at a much lower w′0 value of 3. The present results indicate that around w0≈7 for aqueous reverse micelles (and around w′0≈3 for nonaqueous reverse micelles) a distinct change occurs in the probe microenvironment, which is rationalized on the basis of the relative populations of interfacial and core water. We propose that until the ionic head groups and counterions are fully solvated by polar solvents, that is, up to w0≈7 (or w′0≈3), the interfacial water population dominates. Above these molar ratios coalescence of excess water molecules with each other to form truncated H‐bonded water clusters leads to a sizable population of core water. This is further substantiated by changes in the IR absorption spectra for the OD stretching mode of diluted D2O in reverse micelles with varying w0. Critical comparison of the present results with relevant literature reports provide clear support for the proposals made on water structure in reverse micelles. The role of relative size of the probe and the reverse micelles for differences in polar solvent to AOT ratios (w0=7 and w′0=3) in the observed breaks in the two types of reverse micelles is also discussed.
Teile II und III der Zulassungsgrundsätze für die Bewertung der Auswirkungen von Bauprodukten auf Boden und Grundwasser
Authors: Strathmann Brigitte 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNachdem in den DIBt Mitteilungen 4/2009 der Teil I der Grundsätze zur Bewertung der Auswirkungen von Bauprodukten auf Boden und Grundwasser (DIBt‐Grundsätze) veröffentlicht wurde, werden in diesem Heft die Teile II und III vorgestellt. In Teil II wird das allgemeine Bewertungskonzept an ausgewählten Bauprodukten konkretisiert. Hierzu gehört, dass in Abhängigkeit der Anwendungsfälle (s. Tabelle I.1 des Teils I der DIBt‐Grundsätze) die Elutionsverfahren, ggf. die zu untersuchenden Parameter im Eluat sowie die Umrechnung der im Eluat gemessenen Werte auf die Realität festgelegt werden. In Teil III werden die Analyseverfahren aufgelistet, die bei der Bewertung von Bauprodukten nach den DIBt‐Grundsätzen herangezogen werden sollen.
Thrombopoietin and thrombocytopenia in anorexia nervosa with severe liver dysfunction
Authors: Yoshiuchi Kazuhiro , Takimoto Yoshiyuki , Moriya Junko , Inada Shuji , Akabayashi Akira 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjective/Method:Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) display various physical complications. One such problem is thrombocytopenia. However, no studies have investigated links between AN and thrombopoietin (TPO), which is the primary regulator of megakaryocyte and platelet production produced mainly in the liver, although TPO has been recently reported to play a role in thrombocytopenia in liver diseases. We therefore clarified temporal relationships between platelet counts and TPO level in a woman with AN and severe liver dysfunction in whom platelet count decreased to 53 × 109/L.Results:While international normalized ratio (INR) was low, serum TPO level was relatively low despite low platelet counts. After INR and liver enzymes improved in conjunction with improved nutritional status, a rapid increase in TPO was observed and platelet count began to rise.Discussion:These findings thus suggest that decreased TPO production accompanying liver dysfunction may be related to thrombocytopenia besides myelosuppression in AN with malnutrition. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010;)
Use of coated capillaries for the electrophoretic separation of stereoisomers of a growth hormone secretagogue
Authors: Nehmé Reine , Perrin Catherine , Guerlavais Vincent , Fehrentz Jean‐Alain , Cottet Hervé , Martinez Jean , Fabre Huguette 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe diastereoisomeric separation of peptidomimetics of hexarelin, a strong growth hormone secretagogue, in CE has been studied. Highly sulfated‐γ‐CD was found to be an appropriate selector for the separation of the stereoisomers. However, non‐repeatable analyses were obtained on bare fused silica capillary due to the progressive adsorption of the analytes on the capillary wall. Two types of polyelectrolyte coating agents were tested to prevent this phenomenon. Coating with neutral polyethylene oxide was found to be efficient but resulted in a very long analysis time (about 40 min). Coating with cationic poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride was found both to prevent analyte adsorption, reduce analysis time and alter separation selectivity. EOF measurement revealed that the highly sulfated‐γ‐CDs were strongly adsorbed on the poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride coating surface yielding a stable strong cathodic EOF, which considerably reduced analysis time (about 12 min). Very good repeatability of analysis was obtained (RSDmigration time<1%).
SNaPshot minisequencing to resolve mitochondrial macro‐haplogroups found in Africa
Authors: Schlebusch Carina M. , Naidoo Thijessen , Soodyall Himla 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAfrican mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups are divided into seven macro‐haplogroups (L0′1′2′3′4′5′6), while the rest of the world's lineages are classified as subgroups of macro‐haplogroups M, N and R. The most common approach to characterizing mtDNA variation is the sequencing of hypervariable segments I and II of the non‐coding control region of the molecule. Given the higher mutation rate within the control region compared with the coding regions of the molecule, recurrent mutations in the former can sometimes hide possible phylogenetic structure. The incorporation of haplogroup‐defining coding region mutations has helped in overcoming this limitation. By judiciously selecting 14 coding region SNPs and incorporating them into a multiplex minisequencing assay we were able to resolve mtDNA sequences from some sub‐Saharan African populations into ten macro‐haplogroups (L0–L6, M, N and R). We tested the efficacy of the panel by screening 699 individuals, consisting mostly of Khoe‐San, Bantu speakers and individuals with mixed ancestries (Coloreds) and found no inconsistencies compared with hypervariable segment sequencing results. The panel provided a fast and efficient means of classifying mtDNA into the ten mitochondrial macro‐haplogroups and provided a reliable screening to distinguish African from non‐African‐derived mtDNA lineages.
Electrophoretic exclusion for the selective transport of small molecules
Authors: Meighan Michelle M. , Keebaugh Michael W. , Quihuis Alicia M. , Kenyon Stacy M. , Hayes Mark A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA novel method capable of differentiating and concentrating small molecules in bulk solution termed “electrophoretic exclusion” is described and experimentally investigated. In this technique, the hydrodynamic flow of the system is countered by the electrophoretic velocity to prevent a species from entering into the channel. The separation can be controlled by changing the flow rate or applied electric field in order to exclude certain species selectively while allowing others to pass through the capillary. Proof of principle studies employed a flow injection regime of the method and examined the exclusion of Methyl Violet dye in the presence of a neutral species. Methyl Violet was concentrated almost 40 times the background concentration in 30 s using 6 kV. Additionally, a threshold voltage necessary for exclusion was determined. The establishment of a threshold voltage enabled the differentiation of two similar cationic species: Methyl Green and Neutral Red.
Study on the chemical composition variability of some processed bergamot (Citrus bergamia) essential oils
Authors: Costa Rosaria , Dugo Paola , Navarra Michele , Raymo Vilfredo , Dugo Giovanni , Mondello Luigi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBergamot oil (Citrus bergamia) is mainly employed in the perfumery and cosmetic industries and also, in a smaller amount, in the pharmaceutical and food industries, for its fragrant notes, fixative and antimicrobial properties. Due to the presence of some phototoxic compounds in its composition, it has become a common practice to reduce or sometimes completely eliminate these substances before using the oil. Samples of treated bergamot oils have been investigated in this study (terpeneless, furocoumarin‐ and bergapten‐free) by means of GC–FID, GC–MS, enantio‐GC–FID and HPLC. The results are reported in terms of either peak areas or g/100 g. Some considerations are made in order to discuss the technologies used for treating bergamot oil. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.