bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dementia Care in Rural Appalachia: Multilevel Analysis of Individual- and County-Level Factors
Authors: Nah Suyoung , Savla Jyoti , Roberto Karen A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
Home- and community-based services (HCBS) are underutilized, despite offering significant health benefits to both care recipients and caregivers. Drawing upon Andersen’s extended behavioral model of health services use, we examined individual- and county-level factors influencing HCBS utilization for dementia care in rural Appalachia.

Research Design and Methods
We analyzed data from telephone interviews with 123 dementia family caregivers in rural Appalachian counties (Mage = 64.7, SDage = 12.2). Multilevel analyses were conducted to examine the effects of individual-level and county-level factors on the use of home-based services (home healthcare and personal care services) as well as community-based services (adult day care and transportation services).

Results
Results indicated that caregivers’ receipt of informal support from family or friends was associated with more use of home-based services (B = 0.42, p = .003). Conversely, longer travel times to service providers were linked to use of fewer community-based services (B = −0.21, p &lt; .001). Residing in counties with more home health agencies was associated with higher utilization of home-based services (B = 0.41, p = .046). However, higher county tax expenditures for HCBS were not linked to home-based or community-based service use.

Discussion and Implications
Findings suggest that informal support in caring for the person living with dementia enables HCBS use in rural Appalachia. In contrast, limited geographic accessibility and service availability can impede HCBS use in rural regions. Policymakers are urged to allocate direct public funding to service providers to expand service availability in underresourced rural regions.
Reliability and Responsiveness of Clinical and Endoscopic Outcome Measures in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Khanna Reena , Feagan Brian G , Zou Guangyong , Stitt Larry W , McDonald John W D , Bressler Brian , Panaccione Remo , Shackelton Lisa M , VanViegen Tanja , Loftus Edward V , Daperno Marco , Jairath Vipul , D’Haens Geert , Sandborn William J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Regulatory guidance for Crohn’s disease trials recommends coprimary efficacy end points that evaluate both symptoms and mucosal inflammation. We aimed to characterize the operating properties of commonly used disease activity assessments alone and in combination.

Methods
Endoscopic and clinical data were available for 129 participants from the Study of Biologic and Immunomodulator Naïve Patients in Crohn’s Disease trial. Readers scored the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease and the Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity using standardized conventions. Index reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients. Index responsiveness was assessed using standardized effect sizes based upon treatment assignment. Outcomes were evaluated for optimal sensitivity to treatment effect.

Results
Substantial inter-rater reliability was observed when the Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease and Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity were used as continuous measures (intraclass correlation coefficient, 0.64; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50-0.73; and 0.62 95% CI, 0.36-0.77) compared with moderate reliability when dichotomized (0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.65; and 0.51; 95% CI, 0.00-0.78). The Simple Endoscopic Score for Crohn’s Disease, Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity, patient-reported outcome-2, and Crohn’s Disease Activity Index were similarly responsive (standardized effect size, 0.43, 95% CI, 0.05-0.81; 0.38, 95% CI, 0.0-0.76; 0.53, 95% CI, 0.15-0.91). A composite outcome of Crohn’s Disease Activity Index score &lt;150 and Crohn’s Disease Endoscopic Index of Severity score &lt;6 was most sensitive to treatment effect (28.9%; 95% CI, 11.0%-46.8%; P = .003).

Conclusion
Endoscopic indices were more reliable as continuous measures. Composite outcomes including endoscopy improved sensitivity to treatment effect.
Preliminary analysis of a parabolic trough concentrating solar power system integrated with radiative cooling
Authors: Zhang Han , Hu Tianxiang , Zhao Bin , Pei Gang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Parabolic trough concentrating (PTC) solar power generation is the most technologically mature way of concentrating solar power technology. PTC plants are generally located in flat desert areas, with sufficient sunshine but lacking water for condenser cooling. Herein, a novel cooling system, radiative cooling (RC) integrated with a parabolic trough reflector, is proposed for the PTC system, which means that the waste heat generated during power generation can be radiated to the colder universe by the parabolic reflectors instead of being entirely dissipated to ambient air without water evaporation or land occupation. The simulation results demonstrate the potential of the proposed cooling system to serve as an independent cooling system by adjusting the temperature difference between radiator and ambient within −4.1 to 9.3°C, with 100% water savings and a water pump power consumption rate of 1.8–2.1%. The capital cost of implementing this new cooling system is estimated to be $27.4–54.5/kWe. Furthermore, an annual average of 86.1% of total cooling capacity is dissipated through thermal radiation, with 14.4% directly sent to the cold universe through the atmosphere window, providing a possible method to solve the water problem of power plants in torrid-arid areas and curb global warming if large-scale applications are used.
Short-term PV power prediction based on VMD-CNN-IPSO-LSSVM hybrid model
Authors: Jiang Jianjian , Hu Shizhao , Xu Liang , Wang Tianlin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article discusses the significance and obstacles of short-term power prediction in photovoltaic systems and introduces a hybrid model for photovoltaic short-term power prediction technology based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), convolutional neural network (CNN), improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). In the initial stage, the photovoltaic generation signal is decomposed into multiple Intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) using VMD to enhance the extraction of signal time–frequency characteristics. Subsequently, CNN is utilized for feature learning and extraction of each IMF, modeling the nonlinear and non-stationary features. Following this, the IPSO-LSSVM optimization algorithm is employed to establish and optimize multiple LSSVM models, predicting power fluctuations at different time scales. Finally, the predictions from each model are synthesized to obtain the final photovoltaic short-term power forecast. Through validation with actual photovoltaic generation data, this hybrid model demonstrates high accuracy and reliability in short-term power prediction, showing an average relative error and root mean square error reduction of 15.23 and 53.60%, respectively, compared to a certain comparative model. This proposed method based on VMD-CNN-IPSO-LSSVM hybrid model for photovoltaic power prediction holds promising prospects and practical value in the operation and scheduling of photovoltaic generation systems.
Short-term wind speed forecasting based on a hybrid model that integrates PSO-LSSVM and XGBoost
Authors: Shi Yanhua 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A groundbreaking method is proposed to mitigate the impact of unpredictable fluctuations in wind velocity on wind power generation. This innovative approach integrates the particle swarm optimization (PSO)-least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) and XGBoost models in a harmonious manner. Initially, the raw wind speed data is subjected to wavelet threshold denoising to reduce noise and volatility. For short-term wind speed prediction, a PSO-LSSVM-XGBoost model is introduced. After the initial wind speed sequence undergoes wavelet threshold denoising, the enhanced sequence is forecasted using the LSSVM model, with its hyperparameters optimized through the PSO algorithm. The errors, obtained by subtracting the predicted values from the original data, are compensated using XGBoost. The final forecast results combine the rectified error data with the initial projected results. Experimental findings demonstrate the model’s remarkable capability to enhance prediction performance and accuracy.
Strong Probabilistic Stability in Holomorphic Families of Endomorphisms of ℙk (ℂ) and Polynomial-Like Maps
Authors: Bianchi Fabrizio , Rakhimov Karim 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We prove that, in stable families of endomorphisms of $\mathbb{P}^{k} (\mathbb C)$, the measurable holomorphic motion of the Julia sets introduced by Berteloot, Dupont, and the first author is unbranched at almost every point with respect to all measures on the Julia set with strictly positive Lyapunov exponents and not charging the post-critical set. This provides a parallel in this setting to the probabilistic stability of Hénon maps by Berger–Dujardin–Lyubich. An analogous result holds in families of polynomial-like maps of large topological degree. In this case, we also give a sufficient condition for the positivity of the Lyapunov exponents of an ergodic measure in terms of its measure-theoretic entropy, generalizing to this setting an analogous result by de Thélin and Dupont valid on $\mathbb{P}^{k} (\mathbb C)$.
Structure and dispersion of the conjugative mobilome in surface ocean bacterioplankton
Authors: Tamayo-Leiva Javier , Alcorta Jaime , Sepúlveda Felipe , Fuentes-Alburquenque Sebastián , Arroyo José Ignacio , González-Pastor José Eduardo , Díez Beatriz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), collectively referred to as the “mobilome”, can have a significant impact on the fitness of microbial communities and therefore on ecological processes. Marine MGEs have mainly been associated with wide geographical and phylogenetic dispersal of adaptative traits. However, whether the structure of this mobilome exhibits deterministic patterns in the natural community is still an open question. The aim of this study was to characterize the structure of the conjugative mobilome in the ocean surface bacterioplankton by searching the publicly available marine metagenomes from the TARA Oceans survey, together with molecular markers, such as relaxases and type IV coupling proteins of the type IV secretion system (T4SS). The T4SS machinery was retrieved in more abundance than relaxases in the surface marine bacterioplankton. Moreover, among the identified MGEs, mobilizable elements were the most abundant, outnumbering self-conjugative sequences. Detection of a high number of incomplete T4SSs provides insight into possible strategies related to trans-acting activity between MGEs, and accessory functions of the T4SS (e.g. protein secretion), allowing the host to maintain a lower metabolic burden in the highly dynamic marine system. Additionally, the results demonstrate a wide geographical dispersion of MGEs throughout oceanic regions, while the Southern Ocean appears segregated from other regions. The marine mobilome also showed a high similarity of functions present in known plasmid databases. Moreover, cargo genes were mostly related to DNA processing, but scarcely associated with antibiotic resistance. Finally, within the MGEs, integrative and conjugative elements showed wider marine geographic dispersion than plasmids.
Collective Memory and Problems of Scale in International Relations
Authors: Sammons Elise , Kujala Will 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
International relations (IR) scholars are increasingly interested in the role of memory in world politics. In this paper, we examine a key tension in the uptake of memory in IR between its status as a topic studied within IR and its use as an optic through which the basic categories of IR might be rethought. Focusing on the problem of scales of analysis, central within memory studies more broadly, we suggest that while memory poses a challenge to typical scalar arrangements in IR, such as “levels” of analysis, memory is often studied within these very arrangements. We argue that this is significant because questions of scale are at times the central political problem at stake in international memory. We track this tension between topic and optic in studies of memory, national identity, and foreign policy; studies of collective trauma and sovereignty; and studies of conflict and cooperation over memory.
Simultaneous Determination of Fipronil, Permethrin, and Their Key Related Substances in a Topical Drug Product by a Single Stability-Indicating High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method
Authors: Rathnasekara Renuka P , Tian Jingzhi , Rustum Abu M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The topical veterinary drug product containing fipronil and permethrin provides an effective repellent protection and high insecticidal efficacy for dogs.

Objective
The objective of this study was to develop a stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for simultaneous detection and quantification of fipronil, permethrin, their key degradation products, and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in a topical drug product.

Method
The two active ingredients, their degradation products, and the antioxidant (BHT) were separated by a gradient elution on a Phenomenex Kinetex C18 column (150 × 3 mm, 2.6 µm particle size) maintained at 37°C with H2O &#x93;acetonitrile &#x93;isopropyl alcohol &#x93;85% H3PO4 (65.5 + 32.5 + 4/0.0053, v/v/v/v) as mobile phase A and acetonitrile (100%) as mobile phase B. The flow rate was 0.9 mL/min, and analytes were detected and quantified at 235 nm.

Results
The specificity of the method was demonstrated by adequate separation of fipronil, permethrin, their degradation products, and BHT in the forced degraded finished product. The linearity of the method was demonstrated in the range of 0.2% to 150% of target analytical concentration of both active ingredients and 50% to 150% for BHT. Excellent recoveries of fipronil, permethrin, and BHT in placebo spiked active ingredient solutions in the linearity range showed sufficient accuracy of the method. The LOQ and LOD of the method were determined to be 0.2% and 0.07% of the analytical concentration. A robustness study did not identify any critical parameter that adversely affected the separation and quantification.

Conclusions
Here, we report the development and validation of a robust, stability-indicating HPLC method for identification and assay of fipronil, permethrin, and BHT, including estimation of fipronil’s and permethrin’s degradation products in a topical drug product for dogs.

Highlights
The new HPLC method permits the acquisition of data for all analytes of interest for a topical finished drug product containing fipronil, permethrin, and BHT.
Postmortem concentrations for total blood carbon monoxide (TBCO) as a novel biomarker for carbon monoxide (CO) poisonings
Authors: Oliverio Stefania , Ferger Marie-Caroline , Yegles Michel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Total blood carbon monoxide (TBCO) showed promising results in improving accuracy of CO determinations in blood and presenting better stability to different storage conditions. Therefore, it was proposed as an alternative biomarker to carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) for CO poisoning diagnosis. However, given that current interpretation reference values exist for COHb only, it is difficult to implement TBCO analysis in routine. Therefore, we aimed at determining TBCO reference values for postmortem CO poisoning cases. A previously validated method for TBCO analysis via gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was applied to cardiac, peripheral, cranial and spleen blood samples collected from 92 autopsies. Autopsy cases included 21 non-CO-related and 71 CO-related cases with varying postmortem intervals (PMIs). Statistical analyses were performed using statistical software R Studio. When comparing lower to higher PMIs for non-CO-related cases, no significant differences were found, which suggests that CO formation or degradation at low PMIs does not occur. Spleen blood showed potential as an alternative matrix to CO determinations in cases with sample availability issues but needs to be evaluated for CO-positive cases. Results for cardiac blood in CO-related autopsies showed a positive correlation between COHb and TBCO values (R = 0.78). This value is lower than what is found in the literature, suggesting that even though COHb and TBCO are correlated, a potential underestimation of the true CO exposure might occur if only COHb values are taken into consideration. Samples were divided into CO exposure groups based on COHb concentrations, and with the data obtained, classification into the following TBCO concentration groups is proposed: no significant CO exposure case &lt;6 µmol/mL, medium CO exposure case 6–20 µmol/mL and high CO exposure case &gt;20 µmol/mL. Even if a higher number of samples in each group would enable to increase the confidence, these results are very promising and highlight the importance of TBCO measurement.
South African attitudes towards refugee settlement: Examining the importance of threat perceptions
Authors: Gordon Steven Lawrence 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Compared to many other countries, South Africa has quite a liberal refugee settlement policy. But public hostility towards refugees in the country is a serious obstacle to refugee protection. To understand what is driving anti-refugee sentiment amongst the masses, this study investigates refugee settlement policy preferences in the post-apartheid nation. Data from the 2020 round of the nationally representative South African Social Attitudes Survey (N = 3133) was used. Different possible drivers of policy preferences were tested. Data analysis showed that there was a robust relationship between immigrant threat perceptions and policy preferences. This finding is consistent with integrated threat theory, highlighting the damaging effects of widespread negative stereotypes about immigrants in the country. Other notable drivers of attitudes identified include economic anxiety and religiosity. Subjective knowledge, by contrast, only had a weak effect on attitude formation. The study concludes by discussing future research opportunities on anti-refugee sentiment in an African context.
A case report of a 5 mm port site hernia that occurred at the drain insertion site after laparoscopic right nephrectomy
Authors: Kawamura Yoshiaki , Uchida Takato , Umemoto Tatsuya , Nakajima Nobuyuki , Nitta Masahiro , Hasegawa Masanori , Shoji Sunao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A 5 mm port site hernia during laparoscopic surgery is rarer than a 12 mm port site hernia. Here, we report the case of a 5 mm port site hernia in an 85-year-old woman who underwent long-term steroid therapy and laparoscopic right nephrectomy. There was also a hernia at the port site where the drain was placed. Due to the 5 mm port at the drain removal site, fascial suturing was impossible after removal of the drain, and countermeasures were difficult. However, we believe that patients at a higher risk of port need suturing wound patients like this and should be carefully observed.
The Damietta Server: a comprehensive protein design toolkit
Authors: Grin Iwan , Maksymenko Kateryna , Wörtwein Tobias , ElGamacy Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The growing importance of protein design to various research disciplines motivates the development of integrative computational platforms that enhance the accessibility and interoperability of different design tools. To this end, we describe a web-based toolkit that builds on the Damietta protein design engine, which deploys a tensorized energy calculation framework. The Damietta Server seamlessly integrates different design tools, in addition to other tools such as message-passing neural networks and molecular dynamics routines, allowing the user to perform multiple operations on structural models and forward them across tools. The toolkit can be used for tasks such as core or interface design, symmetric design, mutagenic scanning, or conformational sampling, through an intuitive user interface. With the envisioned integration of more tools, the Damietta Server will provide a central resource for protein design and analysis, benefiting basic and applied biomedical research communities. The toolkit is available with no login requirement through https://damietta.de/.
Scalable and efficient DNA sequencing analysis on different compute infrastructures aiding variant discovery
Authors: Hanssen Friederike , Garcia Maxime U , Folkersen Lasse , Pedersen Anders Sune , Lescai Francesco , Jodoin Susanne , Miller Edmund , Seybold Matthias , Wacker Oskar , Smith Nicholas , Gabernet Gisela , Nahnsen Sven 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
DNA variation analysis has become indispensable in many aspects of modern biomedicine, most prominently in the comparison of normal and tumor samples. Thousands of samples are collected in local sequencing efforts and public databases requiring highly scalable, portable, and automated workflows for streamlined processing. Here, we present nf-core/sarek 3, a well-established, comprehensive variant calling and annotation pipeline for germline and somatic samples. It is suitable for any genome with a known reference. We present a full rewrite of the original pipeline showing a significant reduction of storage requirements by using the CRAM format and runtime by increasing intra-sample parallelization. Both are leading to a 70% cost reduction in commercial clouds enabling users to do large-scale and cross-platform data analysis while keeping costs and CO2 emissions low. The code is available at https://nf-co.re/sarek.
Microbiome compositional data analysis for survival studies
Authors: Pujolassos Meritxell , Susín Antoni , Calle M.Luz 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The growing interest in studying the relationship between the human microbiome and our health has also extended to time-to-event studies where researchers explore the connection between the microbiome and the occurrence of a specific event of interest. The analysis of microbiome obtained through high throughput sequencing techniques requires the use of specialized Compositional Data Analysis (CoDA) methods designed to accommodate its compositional nature. There is a limited availability of statistical tools for microbiome analysis that incorporate CoDA, and this is even more pronounced in the context of survival analysis. To fill this methodological gap, we present coda4microbiome for survival studies, a new methodology for the identification of microbial signatures in time-to-event studies. The algorithm implements an elastic-net penalized Cox regression model adapted to compositional covariates. We illustrate coda4microbiome algorithm for survival studies with a case study about the time to develop type 1 diabetes for non-obese diabetic mice. Our algorithm identified a bacterial signature composed of 21 genera associated with diabetes development. coda4microbiome for survival studies is integrated in the R package coda4microbiome as an extension of the existing functions for cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.