bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Canine Stifle Kinematic Data Collected with Three Different Targeting Models
Authors: Torres Bryan T. , Punke John P. , Fu Yang‐Chieh , Navik Judith A. , Speas Abbie L. , Sornborger Andrew , Budsberg Steven C. 
Published: March 2010

Objective:To model the kinematics of the canine stifle in 3 dimensions using the Joint Coordinate System (JCS) and compare the JCS method with linear and segmental models.Study Design:In vivo biomechanical study.Animals:Normal adult mixed breed dogs (n=6).Methods:Dogs had 10 retroreflective markers affixed to the skin on the right pelvic limb. Dogs were walked and trotted 5 times through the calibrated space and the procedure was repeated 5 days later. Sagittal flexion and extension angle waveforms acquired during each trial with all 3 models (JCS, Linear, and Segmental) were produced simultaneously during each gait. The JCS method provided additional internal/external and abduction/adduction angles. Comparison of sagittal flexion and extension angle waveforms was performed with generalized indicator function analysis (GIFA) and Fourier analysis. A normalization procedure was performed.Results:Each model provided consistent equivalent sagittal flexion–extension data. The JCS provided consistent additional internal/external and abduction/adduction. Sagittal waveform differences were found between methods and testing days for each dog at a walk and a trot with both GIFA and Fourier analysis. After normalization, differences were less with Fourier analysis and were unaltered with GIFA.Conclusions:Whereas all methods produced similar flexion–extension waveforms, JCS provided additional valuable data.Clinical Relevance:The JCS model provided sagittal plane flexion/extension data as well as internal/external rotation and abduction/adduction data.
Correlation of Radiographic Changes after Tibial Tuberosity Advancement in Dogs with Cranial Cruciate‐Deficient Stifles with Functional Outcome
Authors: Morgan Joe P. , Voss Katja , Damur Daniel M. , Guerrero Tomás , Haessig Michael , Montavon Pierre M. 
Published: March 2010

Objective:To (1) evaluate radiographic changes associated with osteoarthrosis (OA) before and after tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) and (2) determine if these changes are indicative of limb function as determined by kinetic gait analysis.Study Design:Prospective clinical study.Animals:Dogs (n=35) with cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) deficient stifles (38).Methods:Variables recorded were: complete or partial CCL rupture, meniscal lesions, arthroscopically graded cartilage lesions, complications, and revision surgeries. Radiographic evaluation and kinetic gait analysis (vertical ground reaction forces [GRFs]) were conducted pre‐ and 4–16 months postoperatively (mean, 5.9 months). Radiographs were evaluated without knowledge of operative findings and functional outcome. A score (0–3) based on new bone production at 11 specific sites was used to grade OA. Soft tissue changes were classified separately as normal or excessive. Preoperative scores were correlated with clinical variables. Postoperative scores and progression of OA scores were correlated with clinical variables and GRFs.Results:OA remained unchanged in 17 joints and progressed in 21 (55%). Dogs with meniscal lesions had higher OA scores preoperatively, but not at follow‐up. Dogs with severe cartilage lesions at surgery had more progression of OA. GRFs improved after surgery and were not correlated with any of the radiographic OA scores.Conclusion:Progression of OA was greater in the presence of severe cartilage lesions at surgery. OA scores were not correlated with GRFs.Clinical Relevance:Progression of OA is generally expected to occur after TTA despite improvement of limb function.
Effect of Cranial Tibial Closing Wedge Angle on Tibial Subluxation: An Ex Vivo Study
Authors: Apelt Detlef , Pozzi Antonio , Marcellin‐Little Denis J. , Kowaleski Michael P. 
Published: March 2010

Objective:To evaluate the effect of cranial tibial wedge osteotomy (CTWO) angle on cranial tibial subluxation (CTS) and postoperative tibial plateau angle (TPA).Study Design:Ex vivo biomechanical study.Sample Population:Canine pelvic limbs (n=6).Methods:TPA determined from a lateral radiographic projection. CTS under 30% body weight load was measured from radiographs in the intact limb and after transection of the cranial cruciate ligament. A CTWO equal to TPA+10° was performed at the distal extent of the tibial crest, and was stabilized with a custom designed hinge plate and external skeletal fixator. TPA and CTS in the loaded limb was determined from radiographs at 4 CTWO angles: TPA−5°, TPA, TPA+5°, and TPA+7.5°. Comparison of CTS between the intact limb and the 4 CTWO angle groups was performed using 1‐way repeated‐measures ANOVA and a Dunnett multiple comparison test (significance atP<.05).Results:CTS was significantly greater than that of the intact limb in the TPA−5° and TPA groups. CTS was not significantly different from the intact limb in the TPA+5° or TPA+7.5° groups with corresponding TPAs of 5.9° and 3.8°, respectively.Conclusion:Using this model, CTS was neutralized at a TPA of ∼4–6° with a CTWO angle between TPA+5° and TPA+7.5°.Clinical Relevance:A CTWO angle between TPA+5° and TPA+7.5° is necessary to neutralize CTS and achieve a postoperative TPA of 4–6° if the CTWO is performed at the distal extent of the tibial crest and the caudal cortices are aligned.
Inverse Dynamics Analysis of the Pelvic Limbs in Labrador Retrievers With and Without Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease
Authors: Ragetly Chantal A. , Griffon Dominique J. , Mostafa Ayman A. , Thomas Jason E. , Hsiao‐Wecksler Elizabeth T. 
Published: March 2010

Objectives:To quantify net joint moments, joint powers, and joint reaction forces (JRF) across the hock, stifle, and hip joints in Labrador Retrievers with and without cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) disease. To investigate differences in joint mechanics between normal, CCL deficient, and contralateral pelvic limbs.Study Design:Cross‐sectional clinical study.Animals:Clinically normal (n=14) and CCL‐deficient (n=9) Labrador Retrievers.Methods:Each limb was analyzed separately and classified as normal, CCL‐deficient or sound contralateral limb. Kinematic, ground reaction force (GRF), and morphometric data were combined in an inverse dynamic approach to compute hock, stifle and hip net moments, powers and JRF, while trotting.Results:Vertical and braking GRF and JRF were significantly decreased in CCL‐deficient limbs. In affected limbs, extensor moments at the hock and hip, flexor moment at the stifle and power in all 3 joints were less than normal. Kinetics also identified a greater joint moment and power of the contralateral limbs compared with normal, particularly of the stifle extensor muscles group.Conclusion:Lameness resulting from CCL disease affected predominantly reaction forces during the braking phase and the extension during push‐off. A greater contribution of the contralateral limbs to propel the dog forward was identified.Clinical Relevance:Reductions in joint motion, loads, and muscle contraction were interpreted as modifications adopted to reduce or avoid painful mobilization of the injured stifle joint. The increased joint moment and power of the contralateral compensating side may correlate with the lameness observed, but also with the predisposition of contralateral limbs to CCL deficiency in dogs.
A case‐control study of factors associated with resolution of hepatitis C viremia in former blood donors (CME)
Authors: Tobler Leslie H. , Bahrami Shrein H. , Kaidarova Zhanna , Pitina Lubov , Winkelman Valarie K. , Vanderpool Sandra K. , Guiltinan Anne M. , Cooper Stewart , Busch Michael P. , Murphy Edward L. 
Published: March 2010

BACKGROUND: Nucleic acid testing (NAT) is performed on blood collected in the United States allowing for the classification of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody–positive donors into resolved and chronic hepatitis C infections. We report a case‐control study of factors associated with HCV resolution.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood donors with resolved (HCV antibody positive, RNA negative defined as “cases”) or chronic (HCV antibody positive, RNA positive defined as “controls”) based on their index donation HCV test results were enrolled. Participants completed a risk factor, symptoms, and treatment questionnaire followed by HCV antibody, HCV RNA, and liver biochemical testing.RESULTS: We enrolled 100 cases and 202 controls. In a multivariate logistic regression model, significant independent effects for spontaneous viral clearance were observed for African American (inverse; odds ratio [OR], 0.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01‐0.87), autologous blood donation (OR, 4.70; 95% CI, 2.02‐10.94), alcohol intake (OR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.13‐5.03), and transfusion before May 1990 (inverse; OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.14‐0.91). Cases admitting injection drug use had shorter time since first injection than did controls. Forty‐nine index RNA positive controls received antiviral therapy and 25 (51%) were RNA negative at enrollment; surprisingly several RNA‐negative cases received liver biopsies and/or antiviral treatment.CONCLUSIONS: We document the role donor screening plays in the identification, subsequent medical evaluation, and treatment among individuals who presumably did not know that they were at risk for HCV infection. Additionally, we confirmed race/ethnicity as a determinant of clearance and suggest infectious dose and route of infection may play a role in clearance.
Transfusion premedication to prevent acute transfusion reactions: a retrospective observational study to assess current practices
Authors: Fry Jessica L. , Arnold Donald M. , Clase Catherine M. , Crowther Mark A. , Holbrook Anne M. , Traore Aicha N. , Warkentin Theodore E. , Heddle Nancy M. 
Published: March 2010

BACKGROUND: The use of premedication to prevent acute transfusion reactions has been estimated to occur in 50% to 80% of transfusions. While this practice has some biologic rationale, few clinical studies have been performed to assess the efficacy of this practice, and the methodologic quality of these studies is variable. The primary objective of this study was to describe current practices regarding transfusion premedication to prevent febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions, mild allergic transfusion reactions, and transfusion‐associated circulatory overload.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted an observational retrospective chart review of a stratified random sample of 324 transfusions that took place over a 6‐month period. Data were abstracted from medical records and then scanned into a database for analysis. We calculated inter‐ and intraobserver agreement on key abstracted data to estimate assessment error. A two‐phase adjudication process was used to determine whether or not medications given before the time of each transfusion were intended as premedications.RESULTS: Of the transfusions sampled, 1.6% (95% confidence interval, 0.4‐3.9) were associated with premedication medications to prevent an acute transfusion reaction. Inter‐ and intraobserver reliability in the abstraction of key data points was good. Good agreement in adjudicator classification of outcomes was achieved only when adjudicators were provided with patient source documents.CONCLUSIONS: Premedication use was infrequent and much less common than previously reported. Improved methods of capturing transfusion premedication, which likely require prospective assessments, are needed for future research studies.
Flapless implant surgery in the edentulous jaw based on three fixed intraoral reference points and image‐guided surgical templates: accuracy in human cadavers
Authors: Widmann Gerlig , Zangerl Antoniette , Keiler Martin , Stoffner Rudolf , Bale Reto , Puelacher Wolfgang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectives: In edentulous patients, accurate and stable positioning of a surgical template is impeded by the mobile mucosal tissue. The objective was to evaluate the accuracy of flapless computer‐assisted template‐guided surgery in an edentulous human cadaver specimen using three fixed oral reference points (FRP) for fixation of the registration mouthpiece and the consecutive surgical template.Material and methods: Oral implants were planned on the computed tomography (CT) of an edentulous human cadaver specimen. Surgical templates have been fabricated using a multipurpose navigation system. Both the registration mouthpiece and consecutive surgical template were supported via three FRP. Study implants were inserted through the guide sleeves and the accuracy was evaluated on a post‐surgical CT of the cadaver jaws fused with the pre‐surgical planning CT. A Matlab script enabled comparison of the planned surgical path with the study implants.Results: In five maxillary and three mandibular edentulous human cadaver specimens, a total of 51 implants (35 implants in the maxilla and 16 implants in the mandible) have been placed. The mean±standard deviation total error (Euclidean distance)/lateral error (normal deviation) were 1.1±0.6/0.7±0.5 mm at the implant base and 1.2±0.7/0.9±0.7 mm at the implant tip. The mean angular error was 2.8±2.2°.Conclusions: Flapless surgery based on FRP‐supported image‐guided surgical templates may provide similar accuracy as reported for tooth‐supported surgical templates or surgical navigation. To cite this article:
Widmann G, Zangerl A, Keiler M, Stoffner R, Bale R, Puelacher W. Flapless implant surgery in the edentulous jaw based on three fixed intraoral reference points and image‐guided surgical templates: accuracy in human cadavers. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 21, 2010; 835–841. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2009.01884.x
Associative effects of supplementing rice straw‐based diet with cornstarch on intake, digestion, rumen microbes and growth performance of Huzhou lambs
Authors: ZHANG Xian‐Dong , WANG Jia‐Kun , CHEN Wei‐Jian , LIU Jian‐Xin 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThirty‐six male Hu lambs consuming a rice straw‐based diet were used in a 60‐day trial to study the associative effects of cornstarch supplementation on intake, digestion, ruminal microbial population and growth performance. All animals were fed rice straw ad libitum together with 160 g/day of rapeseed meal and supplemented with cornstarch at levels of 0 (control), 60, 120 or 180 g/day, respectively. Increment of supplementary cornstarch showed little influence on rice straw intake. Optimal growth performance and highest apparent digestibility of organic matter was achieved in the 120 g/day cornstarch group (P < 0.05), while the digestibilities of neutral detergent fiber and crude protein were significantly decreased by 180 g/day cornstarch (P < 0.05). Similar results were observed for carboxymethyl cellulose activity and relative populations of cellulolytic bacteria (Ruminococcus albus, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Fibrobacter succinogene). Blood urea nitrogen was reduced by supplementary cornstarch, indicating enhanced protein utilization efficiency. Carcass traits were all significantly improved by supplementary cornstarch. These results suggested that proper amounts of starch supplementation (within 0.5% BW) has little adverse effect on forage utilization, but could effectively improve growth performance. High levels of cornstarch, however, would decrease cellulase activity and populations of cellulolytic bacteria, and hence the digestibility of forage.
Feeding of different levels of metabolite combinations produced byLactobacillus plantarumon growth performance, fecal microflora, volatile fatty acids and villi height in broilers
Authors: LOH Teck C. , THANH Nguyen T. , FOO Hooi L. , HAIR‐BEJO Mohd , AZHAR Bin K. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe effects of feeding different dosages of metabolite combination ofL. plantarumRS5, RI11, RG14 and RG11 strains (Com3456) on the performance of broiler chickens was studied. A total of 504 male Ross broilers were grouped into 7 treatments and offered different diets: (i) standard corn‐soybean based diet (negative control); (ii) standard corn‐soybean based diet +100 ppm neomycin and oxytetracycline (positive control); (iii) standard corn‐soybean based diet + 0.1% metabolite combination ofL. plantarumRS5, RI11, RG14 and RG11 strains (Com3456); (iv) standard corn‐soybean based diet + 0.2% of Com3456; (v) standard corn‐soybean based diet + 0.3% of Com3456 (vi) standard corn‐soybean based diet + 0.4% of Com3456 and (vii) standard corn‐soybean based diet + 0.5% of Com3456. Supplementation of Com3456 with different dosages improved growth performance, reducedEnterobacteriaceaeand increased lactic acid bacteria count, and increased villi height of small intestine and fecal volatile fatty acid concentration. Treatment with 0.4% and 0.2% Com3456 had the best results, especially in terms of growth performance, feed conversion ratio and villi height among other dosages. However, the dosage of 0.2% was recommended due to its lower concentration yielding a similar effect as 0.4% supplementation. These results indicate that 0.2% is an optimum level to be included in the diets of broiler in order to replace antibiotic growth promoters.
SLA typing using the PCR‐SSP method and establishment of the SLA homozygote line in pedigreed SNU miniature pigs
Authors: YEOM Su‐Cheong , PARK Chung‐Gyu , LEE Byeong‐Chun , LEE Wang‐Jae 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTSeoul National University (SNU) miniature pigs represent a closed colony with 24 founder pigs and a well preserved pedigree. Characterization using mRNA sequence analysis was conducted for 6 swine leukocyte antigen (SLA) loci in parental or founder pigs, and 17 defined alleles were detected. Based on these complete coding sequences, 17 sequence specific primers (SSPs) were designed for polymorphic sites. To validate the specificity of each allele SSP, the PCR‐SSP was conducted with defined allele clones as templates. PCR‐SSP was conducted with the hot start polymerase and touch‐down PCR. The parental or found SNU miniature pigs showed overall SLA class I and II heterozygotes. Using the established PCR‐SSP method, we conducted SLA typing for breeding stock including 2 pedigreed pigs and identified the novel SLA class II homozygote haplotye (DRA*0201, DRB1*0403, DQA*0102 and DQB1*0701) and 2 SLA homozygote pig lines: SLA class I Hp‐3.0 and class II Hp‐0.3, and SLA class I Hp‐2.0 and class II Hp‐0.2. We thought that our PCR‐SSP SLA typing method could be applicable for new SLA homozygote line establishment by assignment and scheduled breeding.
The New Cathedral of Oakland, California
Authors: Martin John Hilary 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAfter an earthquake destroyed the Cathedral of Oakland, California (pop. 450,000) in 1989, it was decided to erect a new one on a different site. After much planning a new, quite striking building was constructed, but one that was to be the centre of a complex of building hosting other church ministries. The building and plan has been much admired by architects, liturgists and theologians. This short article explores how well this building complex will help parishioners to pray and serve needs of the local church.
Human Reason, the Inclination to Procreation and Education of Offspring, and Society
Authors: O’Reilly Kevin E. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSt Thomas's hylomorphic anthropology grounds his famous statement of the precepts of the natural law in the Summa Theologiae. When we come to the third precept of the natural law, namely man's inclination to good according to the nature of his reason, we enter into the realm of politics. On account of the incarnate nature of human reason, the other natural human inclinations are also imbued with political significance. Right reason, which is also incarnate reason, tells us that procreation and marriage have an intrinsic mutual ordination to each other. Heterosexual marriage is the unique locus in which children can both be procreated and be given the upbringing and education which is their right. Since society has a special purchase on children in order to ensure its future – and its future well-being – heterosexual marriage ought to enjoy a special legal status and protection. The corollary is that society can only undermine the conditions of its own well-being if it tries to tamper with the meaning of marriage as heretofore understood by granting gay unions the legal rights and duties of heterosexual marriage.
Whose self? Which unification? Augustine's anthropology and the psychology-theology debate
Authors: Hampson Peter J. , Hoff Johannes 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe aim of this essay is to bring the philosophical theology of St Augustine, and in particular his anthropology, into fuller dialogue with contemporary psychology, and to examine how psychology and theology might benefit from such an engagement. A further aim is to show that intra-psychic accounts of Augustine's Confessions are insufficient on cultural-psychological, philosophical and theological grounds. To the extent that the modern concept of ‘pure nature’ is incompatible with Augustine's philosophical theology, attempts to develop naturalistic intra-individual, psychological accounts of spiritual change will necessarily be limited once the full ‘ecstatic’ orientation of human existence is factored out. The picture of the person that emerges from naturalistic accounts of any mystical theologian may be plausible within the framework of a classical modern, post Cartesian concept of scientific rationality, and potentially useful for some purposes, but it will be over simplified and never wholly sufficient to account for the potentialities of human existence.
The Politics of Biblical Interpretation: A ‘Criticism of Criticism’
Authors: Morrow Jeffrey L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFollowing Joseph Ratzinger's call for a ‘criticism of criticism’, this article situates the history of modern biblical criticism in its political context within the centuries long church state conflict. Beginning with Medieval Muslim polemical literature, this article traces through history the politically and theologically motivated philological analyses and hostility toward spiritual exegesis which formed the foundation upon which eighteenth and nineteenth century biblical criticism built. Rather than the result of some objective scientific enterprise, the methods modern Bible scholars employed often served state politics as well as other prior commitments.
Drought, drying and climate change: Emerging health issues for ageing Australians in rural areas
Authors: Horton Graeme , Hanna Liz , Kelly Brian 
Published: March 2010

Older Australians living in rural areas have long faced significant challenges in maintaining health. Their circumstances are shaped by the occupations, lifestyles, environments and remoteness which characterise the diversity of rural communities. Many rural regions face threats to future sustainability and greater proportions of the aged reside in these areas.The emerging changes in Australia's climate over the past decade may be considered indicative of future trends, and herald amplification of these familiar challenges for rural communities. Such climate changes are likely to exacerbate existing health risks and compromise community infrastructure in some instances.This paper discusses climate change‐related health risks facing older people in rural areas, with an emphasis on the impact of heat, drought and drying on rural and remote regions. Adaptive health sector responses are identified to promote mitigation of this substantial emerging need as individuals and their communities experience the projected impact of climate change.