bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conducting process hazard analysis to facilitate layers of protection analysis
Authors: Baybutt Paul 
Published: February 2012

AbstractMany process hazard analyses (PHAs) provide insufficient detail to be able to perform layers of protection analysis (LOPA) studies properly using their results. LOPA teams experience difficulties, when PHA studies are performed without regard to the information needed for LOPA. The LOPA team must develop any needed information missing from the PHA. Not only does this require additional time and effort but it also detracts from performing LOPA. Furthermore, the LOPA results may be inaccurate, as the LOPA team may not develop hazard scenarios correctly. This article provides guidelines for PHA worksheet entries that help avoid these problems to ensure efficient and effective LOPA studies. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 2012
Ecdysteroid receptor docking suggests that dibenzoylhydrazine‐based insecticides are devoid of any deleterious effect on the parasitic wasp Psyttalia concolor (Hym. Braconidae)
Authors: Bengochea Paloma , Christiaens Olivier , Amor Fermín , Viñuela Elisa , Rougé Pierre , Medina Pilar , Smagghe Guy 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: The moulting accelerating compounds (MACs) or ecdysteroid agonists represent a selective group of insecticides acting upon binding to the ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) and leading to lethal premature moulting in larval stages and aborted reproduction in adults. Psyttalia concolor Szèpl. is a useful parasitic wasp attacking important tephritid pests such as the medfly and olive fruit fly.RESULTS: Contact and oral exposure in the laboratory of female parasitic wasps to the dibenzoylhydrazine‐based methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide and RH‐5849 did not provoke negative effects. No mortality and no reduction in beneficial capacity were observed. The ligand‐binding domain (LBD) of the EcR of P. concolor was sequenced, and a homology protein model was constructed which confirmed a cavity structure with 12 α‐helices, harbouring the natural insect moulting hormone 20‐hydroxyecdysone. However, a steric clash occurred for the MAC insecticides owing to a restricted extent of the ligand‐binding cavity of the PcLBD‐EcR, while they did dock well in that of susceptible insects.CONCLUSIONS: The insect toxicity assays demonstrated that MACs are selective for P. concolor. The modelling/docking experiments are indications that these insecticides do not bind with the LBD‐EcR of P. concolor and support the theory that they show no biological effects in the parasitic wasp. These data may help in explaining the compatible use of MACs together with parasitic wasps in IPM programmes. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Magnetotransport study on AlInN/(GaN)/AlN/GaN heterostructures
Authors: Bayraklı Aydın , Arslan Engin , Fırat Tezer , Özcan Şadan , Kazar Özgür , Çakmak Hüseyin , Özbay Ekmel 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe report the effect of a thin GaN (2 nm) interlayer on the magnetotransport properties of AlInN/AlN/GaN‐based heterostructures. Two samples were prepared (Sample A: AlInN/AlN/GaN and sample B: AlInN/GaN/AlN/GaN). Van der Pauw and Hall measurements were performed in the 1.9–300 K temperature range. While the Hall mobilities were similar at room temperature (RT), sample B had nearly twice as large Hall mobility as sample A at the lowest temperature; 679 and 889 cm2/Vs at RT and 1460 and 3082 cm2/Vs at 1.9 K for samples A and B. At 1.9–10 K, the longitudinal magnetoresistance was measured up to 9 T, in turn revealing Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) oscillations. The carrier concentration, effective mass and quantum mobility of the two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) were determined from SdH oscillations. At 1.9 K, the 2DEG concentration of sample B was nearly seven times larger than of sample A (1.67 × 1013/cm2 vs. 0.24 × 1013/cm2). On the contrary, the quantum mobility was changed adversely nearly three times (sample B 2500 cm2/Vs and sample A 970 cm2/Vs). The increase of the 2DEG concentration was attributed to the existence of the GaN interlayer, which has strengthened the spontaneous polarization difference between the AlInN and GaN layers of the heterostructure. Hence, the stronger electric field at the 2DEG region bent the conduction band profile downwards and consequently the quantum mobility decreased due to the increased interface roughness scattering.
Positioning plasmonic nanostructures on single quantum emitters
Authors: Pfeiffer Markus , Lindfors Klas , Atkinson Paola , Rastelli Armando , Schmidt Oliver G. , Giessen Harald , Lippitz Markus 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe controlled positioning and fabrication of nanostructures on single quantum emitters allows tuning and engineering their properties. Here, we demonstrate two methods to modify the light emission properties of single semiconductor quantum dots using plasmonic nanostructures. First, we have used atomic force microscopy (AFM) based nanomanipulation to position plasmon resonant gold nanoparticles on single near‐surface GaAs quantum dots. The particles act as optical antennas significantly enhancing the photoluminescence signal. The increase in luminescence is shown to originate from an increased excitation rate of the emitter. We have also developed a method to fabricate nanostructures aligned to near‐surface semiconductor quantum dots using electron beam lithography (EBL). The accuracy of the alignment procedure achieved in this work is better than 30 nm. The flexibility of our approach allows single semiconductor quantum dots to be coupled to complex device structures in order to obtain new functionalities. As a first example we show how excitons in quantum dots can be coupled to plasmonic waveguides. Our results pave the way for realizing integrated nanoscale optical circuits for quantum optics research and applications.
Organometallic‐complex‐grafted adamantane as novel hydrogen‐storage material: A first principles computation
Authors: Li Xiao‐Dong , Zhang Hong , Tang Yong‐Jian , Cheng Xin‐Lu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA novel type of hydrogen‐storage materials C10H16–m–(RTi‐nH2)m (m = 1–4, n = 1–5, R = C5H4, C6H5) was theoretically designed by grafting the organometallic complexes C5H5Ti and C6H6Ti onto the adamantane C10H16. The calculated binding energies of the organometallic complexes reveal that the grafting processes are exothermic and energetically favorable. Through this grafted pattern, the organometallic structures remain independent from each other, without clustering together as “sandwich” or “rice‐ball” structures. The investigations of hydrogen adsorption on the grafted complexes indicate that the grafting processes do not affect the hydrogen‐adsorption capacity of the organometallic structures. With this method, the new complexes can store up to 6.50 wt% hydrogen when maximum numbers of H2 molecules are adsorbed. Our study shows for the first time that adamantane functionalized by organometallic structures can be used as novel hydrogen‐storage material.
Improving the spectral efficiency of FDM‐CPM systems through packing and multiuser processing
Authors: Piemontese Amina , Mazzali Nicolò , Colavolpe Giulio 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYIn frequency division multiplexed (FDM) systems, spectral efficiency (SE) can be increased by reducing the spacing between two adjacent channels, thus increasing the relevant interference and possibly accounting for it at the receiver. In this paper, we consider a FDM system where each user employs a continuous phase modulation, serially concatenated with an outer code through an interleaver, and iterative detection/decoding. We show that, by taking into account the increased interference using properly designed multiuser detection and synchronization schemes, it is possible to implement transmission schemes with unprecedented SE at a price of a limited complexity increase with respect to a classical single‐user receiver which neglects the interference. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Practical MIMO aspects in dual polarization per beam mobile satellite broadcasting
Authors: Arapoglou Pantelis‐Daniel , Burzigotti Paolo , Alamañac Ana Bolea , Gaudenzi Riccardo De 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYBuilding upon a number of recent publications promoting the use of multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) over dual polarization per beam mobile satellite broadcasting (MSB), the present paper sets MIMO well on its way for practical implementation in next‐generation MSB by analyzing critical aspects of this novel architecture. Specifically, it carries out a sensitivity analysis of various system parameters including how time interleaving, terminal antenna cross‐polarization discrimination and intrasytem interference impact MIMO performance. Next, the paper proposes a channel estimation approach compatible with the latest digital video broadcasting‐satellite to handheld (DVB‐SH) standard for MIMO land mobile satellite (LMS) channel estimation. Finally, the impact of non‐linear distortion on the most prominent space–time coding alternatives is investigated. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mobility and security in a real VANET deployed in a heterogeneous networks
Authors: Fernandez Ruiz Pedro J. , Hidalgo Fernando Bernal , Nieto Guerra Cristian A. , Gomez Skarmeta Antonio F. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThis paper describes the experience and findings of deploying a vehicular scenario based on a heterogeneous network. WiMAX and Wi‐Fi have been chosen as access technologies because of their wide presence in the market and their different coverage range. Our approach has been developed, taking into account crucial aspects regarding mobility and security. These two aspects have been provided by Network Mobility and Internet Key Exchange version 2 protocols, respectively. In addition, a study about how to interoperate them has been performed, describing the benefits and drawbacks of every existing approach. Regarding handover latency, some improvements have been identified in order to reduce it to the minimum. Fast authentication methods, pre‐authentication method, and “multiple care‐of addresses” mechanism are examples of these improvements. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Response surface optimization and characteristics of Indica rice starch‐based fat substitute prepared by α‐amylase
Authors: Yi Cuiping , Li Xianghong , Sun Peiran , He Yinghe 
Published: February 2012

AbstractResponse surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the effect of enzyme to substrate ratio (11.8–23.6 U α‐amylase/g rice starch), hydrolysis temperature (90–100°C) and pH value (6.0–6.6) on the gel strength of rice starches‐based fat substitute using α‐amylase hydrolysis. The optimum conditions obtained from response surface analysis was 16.52 U/g enzyme dosage, 92°C hydrolysis temperature while the influence of pH was found insignificant in the range tested. Under these optimum conditions, the gel strength of this fat substitute was 113 g/cm2, very close to the gel strength of butter of 114 g/cm2, while the solubility of the substitute was 1.33 ± 0.01% and the swelling power 4.85 ± 0.02. There were no observable differences in the granular size distribution between the untreated rice starch and the hydrolyzed rice starch. Rheological properties of this rice starch‐based fat substitute implied that it is easier for the substitute to form three‐dimensional networks under 34°C.
Progressive collapse resisting capacity of tilted building structures
Authors: Kim Jinkoo , Jung Min‐Kang 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYIn this study, the progressive collapse resisting capacities of tilted buildings are evaluated on the basis of arbitrary column removal scenario. As analysis model structures both regular and tilted moment‐resisting frames, structures with outrigger trusses, and tubular/diagrid structures are designed, their progressive collapse resisting capacities are evaluated by nonlinear static and dynamic analyses. It turns out that the tilting of the structures requires increased steel tonnage due to the increased p‐delta effect. In addition in the tilted structures the plastic hinges are more widely distributed throughout the bays and stories when a column is removed from a side or a corner of the structures. With the analysis results, it is concluded that the tilted building structures, once they are properly designed to satisfy a given design code, may have at least an equivalent resisting capacity for progressive collapse caused by sudden loss of a column. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A process calculus for energy‐aware multicast communications of mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Gallina Lucia , Rossi Sabina 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTEnergy conservation is a critical issue in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) for both nodes and network lifetime, as only batteries power nodes. In this paper, we present the E‐BUM calculus, an Energy‐aware calculus for Broadcast, Unicast and Multicast communications of MANETs. In order to reason about cost‐effective ad hoc routing protocols, our calculus captures the possibility for a node to control the transmission radius of its communications. We show how to use the E‐BUM calculus in order to prove some useful connectivity properties of MANETs, to control network topology and to reason about the problem of reducing interference. In particular, we formalize the notions of sender‐centred and receiver‐centred interference and provide efficient proof techniques for verifying the absence of interference between a specific set of nodes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Operational modal analysis of a 2.5 MW wind turbine using optical measurement techniques and strain gauges
Authors: Ozbek Muammer , Rixen Daniel J. 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTThis work presents the results of in‐field tests performed on a 2.5 MW, 80 m diameter wind turbine. During the two test campaigns, dynamic response of the structure was monitored by using three different measurement systems, namely conventional strain gauges, photogrammetry and laser interferometry, whereas the turbine was both at parked condition and rotating. The recorded data were analysed by using an operational modal analysis algorithm based on the least square complex exponential method and several turbine parameters (eigenfrequencies and damping ratios) were extracted. The obtained system parameters were then qualitatively compared with the results presented in a study from literature, which includes both aeroelastic simulations and in‐field measurements performed on a similar size and capacity wind turbine. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modal re‐analysis of rotary wind turbine blades in refinement design
Authors: Yin Jiacong , Liu Wei , Chen Pu 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTA modal re‐analysis approach is proposed for refinement designs of rotary wind turbine blades on the basis of matrix perturbation methods. The approach entails effects of stress stiffening, spin softening, uncertainty of material properties and structural modifications of blades. Three perturbation methods are used to conduct the re‐analysis approach, including the standard perturbation method and two improvements proposed by H. C. Hu and S. H. Chen, respectively. Numerical results of a typical wind turbine blade indicate that the two improved methods deliver better accuracy than the standard perturbation method in terms of eigenpairs. In application to blade designs, Chen's method is suitable for a multi‐step modal re‐analysis with explicit small parameters and cultivates the first‐order and second‐order perturbations of eigenpairs as well. In contrast, Hu's method is a better choice for a single‐step modal re‐analysis without determining any small parameter explicitly and directly offers approximate eigenpairs instead of somehow tedious perturbation processes. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Computational Statistics (Journal)
Authors: Härdle Wolfgang Karl , Mori Yuichi , Symanzik Jürgen 
Published: February 2012

AbstractComputational Statistics is an international journal that fosters the publication of applications and methodological research in the field of computational statistics. In this article, we will discuss the motivation, history, some specialties, and the future scope of this journal. WIREs Comput Stat 2012, 4:334–339. doi: 10.1002/wics.1206This article is categorized under:

Applications of Computational Statistics > Organizations and Publications
Propranolol reduces implicit negative racial bias
Authors: Terbeck Sylvia , Kahane Guy , McTavish Sarah , Savulescu Julian , Cowen Philip J. , Hewstone Miles 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Background
Implicit negative attitudes towards other races are important in certain kinds of prejudicial social behaviour. Emotional mechanisms are thought to be involved in mediating implicit “outgroup” bias but there is little evidence concerning the underlying neurobiology. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of noradrenergic mechanisms in the generation of implicit racial attitudes.

Methods
Healthy volunteers (n = 36) of white ethnic origin, received a single oral dose of the β-adrenoceptor antagonist, propranolol (40 mg), in a randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled, design. Participants completed an explicit measure of prejudice and the racial implicit association test (IAT), 1–2 h after propranolol administration.

Results
Relative to placebo, propranolol significantly lowered heart rate and abolished implicit racial bias, without affecting the measure of explicit racial prejudice. Propranolol did not affect subjective mood.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that β-adrenoceptors play a role in the expression of implicit racial attitudes suggesting that noradrenaline-related emotional mechanisms may mediate negative racial bias. Our findings may also have practical importance given that propranolol is a widely used drug. However, further studies will be needed to examine whether a similar effect can be demonstrated in the course of clinical treatment.
Cancer Stem Cell Marker Bmi‐1 Expression is Associated with Basal‐like Phenotype and Poor Survival in Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Yanyang , Zhe Hong , Ding Zhe , Gao Ping , Zhang Ningmei , Li Guofu 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of present study was to examine the expression of cancer stem cell marker Bmi‐1 in breast cancer tissue and to evaluate the clinical implication of Bmi‐1 expression for these patients.MethodsA total of 171 breast cancer patients who received surgical treatment in our hospital were enrolled in this study. Bmi‐1 expression in breast cancer tissue was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analyses were applied to test the relationship between expression of Bmi‐1 and clinicopathologic features and patient survival. The relationship between Bmi‐1 and the basal‐like phenotype of breast cancer also was analyzed in this study.ResultsPositive Bmi‐1 expression was detected in 89 of 171 (52%) invasive breast cancers patients. The Bmi‐1 status was significantly correlated to histological grade III (p = 0.001) and basal‐like phenotype (p < 0.001). The 5 year overall survival of the patients with Bmi‐1‐positive and ‐negative cancers were 78 and 91.9%, respectively (p = 0.03). Histological grade (p = 0.046) and Bmi‐1 status (p = 0.012) were detected as the independent prognostic factors in the Cox regression test.ConclusionsBmi‐1 status is an independent prognostic factor, which also is associated with tumor histological grade and basal‐like phenotype. The high proportions of positive Bmi‐1 expression in basal‐like breast cancer may be related to the high aggressiveness behavior of this subtype of breast cancer.
Quality of Life and Autonomy in Emerging Adults with Early‐Onset Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Huismann Darcy J. , Sheldon Jane P. , Yashar Beverly M. , Amburgey Kimberly , Dowling James J. , Petty Elizabeth M. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractEmerging adulthood is an important period in the development of one's identity and autonomy. The ways in which identity and autonomy are viewed by emerging adults and how they impact quality of life (QoL) in individuals with early‐onset neuromuscular conditions is not yet known. This study focused on understanding and exploring relationships between self‐perceptions of emerging adulthood, autonomy, and QoL. Five previously validated measures were incorporated into an online survey and distributed to young adults with early‐onset neuromuscular conditions and unaffected controls. Topics explored included individuals’ views regarding their overall QoL, disease‐specific QoL, components of emerging adulthood, and autonomy. We found that a sense of higher disease impact was associated with a lower Overall General QoL. Additionally, perceptions of key autonomy factors “negativity” and “instability” were uniquely associated with Overall General QoL in the case group as compared to controls, whereas “attitudinal autonomy” (attaining the ability to plan and follow through with goals) was important to this age group regardless of health status. The specific factors of emerging adulthood and autonomy that were significantly correlated with Overall General QoL can be used for developing targeted counseling and interventions to improve QoL for individuals and their families.
First-trimester maternal serum vitamin D and mode of delivery
Authors: Savvidou Makrina D. , Makgoba Mahlatse , Castro Pedro T. , Akolekar Ranjit , Nicolaides Kypros H. 
Published: February 2012

Low maternal vitamin D levels have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcome. A recent study has suggested that low maternal vitamin D levels at the time of delivery are also associated with an almost fourfold increase in caesarean section risk. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is a difference in maternal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels at 11–13 weeks' gestation according to the mode of delivery. Maternal serum 25(OH)D levels were measured at 11–13 weeks' gestation in 995 singleton pregnancies resulting in the birth of phenotypically normal neonates at term. The measured 25(OH)D levels were adjusted for maternal age, BMI, racial origin, smoking, method of conception and season of blood testing, and the adjusted levels (multiple of the median; MoM) were compared between those who subsequently delivered vaginally and those that delivered by caesarean section. Delivery was vaginal in 79·6 % of cases, by emergency caesarean section in 11·6 % and by elective caesarean section in 8·8 %. The median 25(OH)D level in our population was 46·82 (interquartile range (IQR) 27·75–70·13) nmol/l. The adjusted maternal median 25(OH)D levels in the emergency and elective caesarean section groups (0·99, IQR 0·71–1·46 MoM and 0·96, IQR 0·73–1·27 MoM, respectively) were not significantly different from the vaginal delivery group (0·99, IQR 0·71–1·33 MoM;P = 0·53 andP = 0·81, respectively). First-trimester maternal serum 25(OH)D levels are similar between women who subsequently have a vaginal delivery and those who deliver by elective or emergency caesarean section.