bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactions of SARS Coronavirus Nucleocapsid Protein with the host cell proteasome subunit p42
Authors: Wang Qin , Li Chuan , Zhang Quanfu , Wang Tao , Li Jiandong , Guan Wuxiang , Yu Jianshi , Liang Mifang , Li Dexin 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spreads rapidly and has a high case-mortality rate. The nucleocapsid protein (NP) of SARS-CoV may be critical for pathogenicity. This study sought to discover the host proteins that interact with SARS-CoV NP.

Results
Using surface plasmon resonance biomolecular interaction analysis (SPR/BIA) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry, we found that only the proteasome subunit p42 from human fetal lung diploid fibroblast (2BS) cells bound to SARS-CoV NP. This interaction was confirmed by the glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion protein pulldown technique. The co-localization signal of SARS-CoV NP and proteasome subunit p42 in 2BS cells was detected using indirect immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. p42 is a subunit of the 26S proteasome; this large, multi-protein complex is a component of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, which is involved in a variety of basic cellular processes and inflammatory responses.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first report that SARS-CoV NP interacts with the proteasome subunit p42 within host cells. These data enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV pathogenicity and the means by which SARS-CoV interacts with host cells.
A high-density Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) microarray for genome-wide genotyping in Eucalyptus
Authors: Sansaloni Carolina P , Petroli César D , Carling Jason , Hudson Corey J , Steane Dorothy A , Myburg Alexander A , Grattapaglia Dario , Vaillancourt René E , Kilian Andrzej 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
A number of molecular marker technologies have allowed important advances in the understanding of the genetics and evolution of Eucalyptus, a genus that includes over 700 species, some of which are used worldwide in plantation forestry. Nevertheless, the average marker density achieved with current technologies remains at the level of a few hundred markers per population. Furthermore, the transferability of markers produced with most existing technology across species and pedigrees is usually very limited. High throughput, combined with wide genome coverage and high transferability are necessary to increase the resolution, speed and utility of molecular marker technology in eucalypts. We report the development of a high-density DArT genome profiling resource and demonstrate its potential for genome-wide diversity analysis and linkage mapping in several species of Eucalyptus.

Findings
After testing several genome complexity reduction methods we identified the Pst I/Taq I method as the most effective for Eucalyptus and developed 18 genomic libraries from Pst I/Taq I representations of 64 different Eucalyptus species. A total of 23,808 cloned DNA fragments were screened and 13,300 (56%) were found to be polymorphic among 284 individuals. After a redundancy analysis, 6,528 markers were selected for the operational array and these were supplemented with 1,152 additional clones taken from a library made from the E. grandis tree whose genome has been sequenced. Performance validation for diversity studies revealed 4,752 polymorphic markers among 174 individuals. Additionally, 5,013 markers showed segregation when screened using six inter-specific mapping pedigrees, with an average of 2,211 polymorphic markers per pedigree and a minimum of 859 polymorphic markers that were shared between any two pedigrees.

Conclusions
This operational DArT array will deliver 1,000-2,000 polymorphic markers for linkage mapping in most eucalypt pedigrees and thus provide high genome coverage. This array will also provide a high-throughput platform for population genetics and phylogenetics in Eucalyptus. The transferability of DArT across species and pedigrees is particularly valuable for a large genus such as Eucalyptus and will facilitate the transfer of information between different studies. Furthermore, the DArT marker array will provide a high-resolution link between phenotypes in populations and the Eucalyptus reference genome, which will soon be completed.
German Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED): Reliability, Validity, and Cross-Informant Agreement in a Clinical Sample
Authors: Weitkamp Katharina , Romer Georg , Rosenthal Sandra , Wiegand-Grefe Silke , Daniels Judith 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
The psychometric properties and cross-informant agreement of a German translation of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were assessed in a clinical sample

Methods
102 children and adolescents in outpatient psychotherapy and their parents filled out the SCARED and Youth Self Report/Child Behaviour Checklist (YSR/CBCL).

Results
The German SCARED showed good internal consistency for both parent and self-report version, and proved to be convergently and discriminantly valid when compared with YSR/CBCL scales. Cross-informant agreement was moderate with children reporting both a larger number as well as higher severity of anxiety symptoms than their parents.

Conclusion
In conclusion, the German SCARED is a valid and reliable anxiety scale and may be used in a clinical setting
A gene expression signature of RAS pathway dependence predicts response to PI3K and RAS pathway inhibitors and expands the population of RAS pathway activated tumors
Authors: Loboda Andrey , Nebozhyn Michael , Klinghoffer Rich , Frazier Jason , Chastain Michael , Arthur William , Roberts Brian , Zhang Theresa , Chenard Melissa , Haines Brian , Andersen Jannik , Nagashima Kumiko , Paweletz Cloud , Lynch Bethany , Feldman Igor , Dai Hongyue , Huang Pearl , Watters James 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Background
Hyperactivation of the Ras signaling pathway is a driver of many cancers, and RAS pathway activation can predict response to targeted therapies. Therefore, optimal methods for measuring Ras pathway activation are critical. The main focus of our work was to develop a gene expression signature that is predictive of RAS pathway dependence.

Methods
We used the coherent expression of RAS pathway-related genes across multiple datasets to derive a RAS pathway gene expression signature and generate RAS pathway activation scores in pre-clinical cancer models and human tumors. We then related this signature to KRAS mutation status and drug response data in pre-clinical and clinical datasets.

Results
The RAS signature score is predictive of KRAS mutation status in lung tumors and cell lines with high (> 90%) sensitivity but relatively low (50%) specificity due to samples that have apparent RAS pathway activation in the absence of a KRAS mutation. In lung and breast cancer cell line panels, the RAS pathway signature score correlates with pMEK and pERK expression, and predicts resistance to AKT inhibition and sensitivity to MEK inhibition within both KRAS mutant and KRAS wild-type groups. The RAS pathway signature is upregulated in breast cancer cell lines that have acquired resistance to AKT inhibition, and is downregulated by inhibition of MEK. In lung cancer cell lines knockdown of KRAS using siRNA demonstrates that the RAS pathway signature is a better measure of dependence on RAS compared to KRAS mutation status. In human tumors, the RAS pathway signature is elevated in ER negative breast tumors and lung adenocarcinomas, and predicts resistance to cetuximab in metastatic colorectal cancer.

Conclusions
These data demonstrate that the RAS pathway signature is superior to KRAS mutation status for the prediction of dependence on RAS signaling, can predict response to PI3K and RAS pathway inhibitors, and is likely to have the most clinical utility in lung and breast tumors.
Addressing the sexual and reproductive health needs of women who use mental health services
Authors: Henshaw Carol , Protti Olivia 
Published: June 2010

SummaryPregnancies in women with serious mental illness are high risk and such women are also less likely to engage in the recommended health screening for women of reproductive age. Hence, reproductive health issues are important aspects of physical healthcare that should be assessed in women accessing mental health services. Pregnancy planning and management are crucial in reducing risk of relapse in women with affective disorders, and psychiatrists should acquaint themselves with the screening programmes and reproductive and sexual health services in their area and encourage their patients' uptake of these. Clinicians should be aware of the reproductive impact of medications and the needs of specific groups of women.
Compulsion in the community? The introduction of supervised community treatment
Authors: Brookes Guy , Brindle Nick 
Published: June 2010

SummarySupervised community treatment (SCT) is one of the most prominent amendments to the Mental Health Act 1983. It has divided opinion among health professionals and introduces significant powers not previously available in England and Wales. This article considers how SCT fits into the established legislative framework and how it may affect the care delivered by mental health practitioners.
Supervised community treatment: guidance for clinicians
Authors: Macpherson Rob , Molodynski Andrew , Freeth Rachel , Uppal Amjad , Steer Hannah , Buckle Dave , Jones Anne 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThis article describes the background to the introduction of supervised community treatment (SCT) in the 2007 amendments to the Mental Health Act 1983 for England and Wales. The evidence base for the use of SCT in the UK and in other countries to date is considered, and guidance from the literature regarding the decision to impose it is reviewed. Early local experience of SCT is described, in part through a number of fictitious vignettes. Finally, we present a set of guidelines which may be used by clinicians when considering SCT.
The supervised community treatment order and the Human Rights Act 1998
Authors: Khurmi Sanjay , Curtice Martin 
Published: June 2010

SummaryThe introduction of the supervised community treatment order (CTO) was a major and significant change to the Mental Health Act 1983 following the 2007 amendments to the Act. Owing to paternalistic aspects of psychiatry, such new legislation brings with it the potential to impinge on the human rights of patients. Any new legislation must be read and implemented to be compliant with the Human Rights Act 1998. Of all the articles comprising the Human Rights Act, Article 3 (the right to freedom from inhuman and degrading treatment), Article 5 (the right to liberty and security) and Article 8 (the right to respect for family and private life, home and correspondence) are of particular relevance to CTOs. We consider here the potential implications of the use of CTOs with regard to the Human Rights Act.
Cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression in people with a somatic disease: meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Beltman Matthijs W. , Voshaar Richard C. Oude , Speckens Anne E. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundMeta-analyses on psychological treatment for depression in individuals with a somatic disease are limited to specific underlying somatic diseases, thereby neglecting the generalisability of the interventions.AimsTo examine the effectiveness of cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) for depression in people with a diversity of somatic diseases.MethodMeta-analysis of randomised controlled trials evaluating CBT for depression in people with a somatic disease. Severity of depressive symptoms was pooled using the standardised mean difference (SMD).ResultsTwenty-nine papers met inclusion criteria. Cognitive–behavioural therapy was superior to control conditions with larger effects in studies restricted to participants with depressive disorder (SMD =–0.83, 95% CI –1.36 to –0.31, P<0.001) than in studies of participants with depressive symptoms (SMD =–0.16, 95% CI –0.27 to –0.06, P = 0.001). Subgroup analyses showed that CBT was not superior to other psychotherapies.ConclusionsCognitive–behavioural therapy significantly reduces depressive symptoms in people with a somatic disease, especially in those who meet the criteria for a depressive disorder.
Morbid risk for schizophrenia in first-degree relatives of people with frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Schoder Delphine , Hannequin Didier , Martinaud Olivier , Opolczynski Gaëlle , Guyant-Maréchal Lucie , Le Ber Isabelle , Campion Dominique 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundFamilial co-occurrence of frontotemporal dementia and schizophrenia has never been investigated.AimsTo test the hypothesis that frontotemporal dementia and schizophrenia might have a common aetiology in some families in which both syndromes coexist (mixed families).MethodThe morbid risk for schizophrenia, calculated in first-degree relatives of 100 frontotemporal dementia probands, was compared with that calculated in first-degree relatives of 100 Alzheimer's disease probands. In mixed families, sequencing analysis of known frontotemporal dementia genes and detailed phenotype characterisation of individuals with frontotemporal dementia and schizophrenia were performed.ResultsThe morbid risk for schizophrenia was significantly higher in relatives of frontotemporal dementia probands (1.35, s.e. = 0.45) than in relatives of Alzheimer's disease probands (0.32, s.e. = 0.22). Ten mixed families were characterised. In three of them a frontotemporal dementia causal mutation was identified that was present in individuals with schizophrenia. Several specific clinical features were noted in people with schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia in mixed families.ConclusionsCo-occurrence of schizophrenia and frontotemporal dementia could indicate, in some families, a common aetiology for both conditions.
Mental health literacy, folic acid and vitamin B12, and physical activity for the prevention of depression in older adults: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Walker Janine G. , Mackinnon Andrew J. , Batterham Philip , Jorm Anthony F. , Hickie Ian , McCarthy Affrica , Fenech Michael , Christensen Helen 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundFew randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have examined potential preventive agents in high-risk community populations.AimsTo determine whether a mental health literacy intervention, the promotion of physical activity, or folic acid plus vitamin B12reduce depression symptoms in community-dwelling older adults with elevated psychological distress.MethodAn RCT with a completely crossed 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design: (400 mcg/d folic acid + 100 mcg/d vitamin B12v.placebo)×(physical activityv.nutrition promotion control) × (mental health literacyv.pain information control). The initial target sample size was 2000; however, only 909 adults (60–74 years) met the study criteria. Interventions were delivered by mail with telephone calls. The main outcome was depressive symptoms on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ–9) at 6 weeks, 6, 12 and 24 months. The Clinicaltrials.gov registration number is NCT00214682.ResultsThe drop-out rate was low (13.5%) from randomisation to 24-month assessment. Neither folic acid + B12(F(3,856) = 0.83,P= 0.476) nor physical activity (F(3,856) = 1.65,P= 0.177) reduced depressive symptoms at any time point. At 6 weeks, depressive symptoms were lower for the mental health literacy intervention compared with its control condition (t(895) = 2.04,P= 0.042).ConclusionsMental health literacy had a transient effect on depressive symptoms. Other than this, none of the interventions significantly reduced symptoms relative to their comparator at 6 weeks or subsequently. Neither folic acid plus B12nor physical activity were effective in reducing depressive symptoms.
Experience of support time and recovery workers in promoting WRAP
Authors: Hill Laura , Roberts Glenn , Igbrude Wilson 
Published: June 2010

Aims and methodSupporting self-management is a core ambition of progressive mental health services, but little is known about how to achieve this. Support time and recovery (STaR) workers are routinely taught the Wellness Recovery Action Plan (WRAP). This study explores their capacity to support self-management using WRAP.ResultsThe audited STaR trainees had introduced an average of nine service users each to WRAP. There was a trend for those with personal experience of mental illness to introduce more clients to WRAP and even more so for those who had used WRAP themselves. Qualitative analysis suggested a range of factors that may mediate whether people engage with self-management or not.Clinical implicationsThe capacity of STaR workers and others to support people in self-management may depend on more than knowledge of self-management methods and having personal experience of mental health problems and services. Important factors may also include specific experience of the methods introduced, ongoing training, accountability and supervision.
Comparison of the effectiveness of depot antipsychotics in routine clinical practice
Authors: Shajahan Polash , Spence Elizabeth , Taylor Mark , Daniel Darlington , Pelosi Anthony 
Published: June 2010

Aims and methodTo compare effectiveness of long-acting injections in schizophrenia and related psychoses in Lanarkshire, Scotland, from 2002 to 2008. We retrospectively assigned Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scores and examined discontinuation and hospitalisation rates.ResultsRisperidone, zuclopenthixol and flupentixol were associated with CGI improvement in 72-74% of individuals. Zuclopenthixol was associated with lower rates of discontinuation as a result of inefficacy compared with risperidone (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.11, 95% CI 0.05-0.27) and flupenthixol (HR = 0.14, 95% CI 0.05-0.39), and lower rates of hospitalisation compared with risperidone (HR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.17-0.56) and flupentixol (HR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.16-0.71). ‘Very much improved’ or ‘much improved’ on the CGI was seen in risperidone (29%), zuclopenthixol (16%) and flupentixol (37%), P<0.001.Clinical implicationsNo long-acting injection was clearly superior in all our outcome measures, supporting the continued need for a variety of long-acting depot antipsychotics to optimise the treatment of the range of patients seen in clinical practice.
Steric Crowding Effect of 1,3-Diketonates on the Structures and the Solution Behaviors of Nickel(II) Mixed-Ligand Complexes
Authors: Arakawa-Itoh Machiko , Shibata Masayo , Linert Wolfgang , Fukuda Yutaka 
Published: June 2010

Abstract
Seven nickel(II) mixed-ligand complexes were synthesized: Ni(dike)(diam)X, where dike is a 1,3-diketonate such as 3,5-heptanedionate (dedk) or 2,6-dimethyl-3,5-heptanedionate (dmhd), diam is an N-alkylated ethylenediamine such as N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (tmen) or 1,2-dipiperidinoethane (dipe), and X is BPh4− or NO3−. The crystal structures were analyzed: each nitrate complex has a six-coordinated octahedral structure with a bidentate-coordinated nitrate, and each tetraphenylborate complex has a four-coordinated square-planar structure. The ligand field strength of [Ni(dike)(diam)]BPh4 in the solid state increases in the order: [Ni(dmhd)(dipe)]BPh4 &lt; [Ni(dedk)(dipe)]BPh4 &lt; [Ni(dmhd)(tmen)]BPh4 = [Ni(dedk)(tmen)]BPh4. In solution, the change of the color depending on the donor/acceptor ability of the solvent, i.e., solvatochromism was observed. When dimethyl sulfoxide was added to a solution of [Ni(dike)(diam)]BPh4 in inert 1,2-dichloroethane, the adduct formation constants are in the order: [Ni(dmhd)(dipe)]BPh4 &lt; [Ni(dedk)(dipe)]BPh4 &lt;&lt; [Ni(dmhd)(tmen)]BPh4 = [Ni(dedk)(tmen)]BPh4, reflecting the difference in steric hindrance of the ligands rather than the difference in ligand field strength. The steric crowding effect of 1,3-diketonates was observed in the solid state and solution when bulky dipe is used as diamine.
The prevalence and radiological findings in 1347 elderly patients with scoliosis
Authors: Hong J. Y. , Suh S. W. , Modi H. N. , Hur C. Y. , Song H. R. , Park J. H. 
Published: June 2010

In order to determine the epidemiology of adult scoliosis in the elderly and to analyse the radiological parameters and symptoms related to adult scoliosis, we carried out a prospective cross-sectional radiological study on 1347 adult volunteers. There were 615 men and 732 women with a mean age of 73.3 years (60 to 94), and a mean Cobb angle of 7.55° (sd 5.95). In our study, 478 subjects met the definition of scoliosis (Cobb angle ≥10°) showing a prevalence of 35.5%. There was a significant difference in the epidemiological distribution and prevalence between the age and gender groups. The older adults showed a larger prevalence and more severe scoliosis, more prominent in women (p = 0.004). Women were more affected by adult scoliosis and showed more linear correlation with age (p < 0.001). Symptoms were more severe in those with scoliosis than in the normal group, but were similar between the mild, moderate and severe scoliosis groups (p = 0.224) and between men and women (p = 0.231). Adult scoliosis showed a significant relationship with lateral listhesis, vertebral rotation, lumbar hypolordosis, sagittal imbalance and a high level of the L4–5 disc (p < 0.0001, p < 0.0001, p = 0.002, p = 0.002, p < 0.0001 respectively). Lateral listhesis, lumbar hypolordosis and sagittal imbalance were related to symptoms (p < 0.0001, p = 0.001, p < 0.0001 respectively).
Injury to the proximal deep medial collateral ligament
Authors: Narvani A. , Mahmud T. , Lavelle J. , Williams A. 
Published: June 2010

Most injuries to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) heal well after conservative treatment. We have identified a subgroup of injuries to the deep portion of the MCL which is refractory to conservative treatment and causes persistant symptoms. They usually occur in high-level football players and may require surgical repair. We describe a consecutive series of 17 men with a mean age of 29 years (18 to 44) who were all engaged in high levels of sport. Following a minor injury to the MCL there was persistent tenderness at the site of the proximal attachment of the deep MCL. It could be precipitated by rapid external rotation at the knee by clinical testing or during sport. The mean time from injury to presentation was 23.6 weeks (10 to 79) and none of the patients had responded to conservative treatment. The surgical finding was a failure of healing of a tear of the deep MCL at its femoral origin which could be repaired. After a period of postoperative protective bracing and subsequent rehabilitation the outcome was good. All the patients returned to their sports and remained asymptomatic at a mean of 48 weeks (28 to 60) post-operatively. Recognition of this subgroup is important since the clinical features, the course of recovery and surgical requirement differ from those of most injuries to the MCL.
Resurfacing arthroplasty of the hip for avascular necrosis of the femoral head
Authors: Bose V. C. , Baruah B. D. 
Published: June 2010

We performed 96 Birmingham resurfacing arthroplasties of the hip in 71 consecutive patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head. A modified neck-capsule-preserving approach was used which is described in detail. The University of California, Los Angeles outcome score, the radiological parameters and survival rates were assessed. The mean follow-up was for 5.4 years (4.0 to 8.1). All the patients remained active with a mean University of California, Los Angeles activity score of 6.86 (6 to 9). Three hips failed, giving a cumulative survival rate of 95.4%. With failure of the femoral component as the endpoint, the cumulative survival rate was 98.0%. We also describe the combined abduction-valgus angle of the bearing couple, which is the sum of the inclination angle of the acetabular component and the stem-shaft angle, as an index of the optimum positioning of the components in the coronal plane. Using a modified surgical technique, it is possible to preserve the femoral head in avascular necrosis by performing hip resurfacing in patients with good results.