bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Employing advanced supervised machine learning approaches for predicting micronutrient intake status among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia
Authors: Zemariam Alemu Birara , Adisu Molalign Aligaz , Habesse Aklilu Abera , Abate Biruk Beletew , Bizuayehu Molla Azmeraw , Wondie Wubet Tazeb , Alamaw Addis Wondmagegn , Ngusie Habtamu Setegn 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAlthough micronutrients (MNs) are important for children’s growth and development, their intake has not received enough attention. MN deficiency is a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence using advanced statistical methods, such as machine learning. Therefore, this study aimed to use advanced supervised algorithms to predict the micronutrient intake status in Ethiopian children aged 6–23 months.MethodsA total weighted of 2,499 children aged 6–23 months from the Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey 2016 data set were utilized. The data underwent preprocessing, with 80% of the observations used for training and 20% for testing the model. Twelve machine learning algorithms were employed. To select best predictive model, their performance was assessed using different evaluation metrics in Python software. The Boruta algorithm was used to select the most relevant features. Besides, seven data balancing techniques and three hyper parameter tuning methods were employed. To determine the association between independent and targeted feature, association rule mining was conducted using the a priori algorithm in R software.ResultsAccording to the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey, out of 2,499 weighted children aged 12–23 months, 1,728 (69.15%) had MN intake. The random forest, catboost, and light gradient boosting algorithm outperformed in predicting MN intake status among all selected classifiers. Region, wealth index, place of delivery, mothers’ occupation, child age, fathers’ educational status, desire for more children, access to media exposure, religion, residence, and antenatal care (ANC) follow-up were the top attributes to predict MN intake. Association rule mining was identified the top seven best rules that most frequently associated with MN intake among children aged 6–23 months in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe random forest, catboost, and light gradient boosting algorithm achieved a highest performance and identifying the relevant predictors of MN intake. Therefore, policymakers and healthcare providers can develop targeted interventions to enhance the uptake of micronutrient supplementation among children. Customizing strategies based on identified association rules has the potential to improve child health outcomes and decrease the impact of micronutrient deficiencies in Ethiopia.
Prognostic relevance of platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in gastric cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Shufu , Song Dandan , Zang Yelei , Hao Ruiqi , Li Linchuan , Zhu Jiankang 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe prognostic relevance of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in gastric cancer (GC) patients undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment remains unclear. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the prognostic impact of PLR in this specific patient cohort.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and EMBASE databases, including literature published up to September 2023, to investigate the prognostic implications of PLR in patients with gastric cancer undergoing immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Outcome measures encompassed overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and disease control rates (DCR).ResultsNine studies from seven articles comprising 948 eligible patients were selected. The results revealed a significant correlation between elevated PLR and poorer OS and progression-free survival (PFS) (OS: HR 1.67, 95% CI 1.39–2.00, p &lt; 0.001; PFS: HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.29–1.76, p &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analyses were performed to validate the robustness of the results. Moreover, a meta-analysis of four studies investigating the correlation between the PLR in gastric cancer (GC) patients and the objective response rate/disease control rate (ORR/DCR), showed no significant association between the PLR and ORR/DCR (ORR: RR = 1.01, p = 0.960; DCR: RR = 0.96, p = 0.319).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis indicates that elevated PLR in GC patients undergoing ICI treatment is significantly linked to worse OS and PFS. Therefore, PLR can serve as a prognostic indicator of post-treatment outcomes in patients with GC receiving ICIs. Further prospective studies are required to assess the reliability of these findings.Systematic review registrationhttps://inplasy.com/, identifier INPLASY2023120103.
Near-infrared fluorescence imaging technology guided margin design in oral squamous cell carcinoma: a single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Wang Honghao , Li Tingyu , Chi Yifan , Yang Mingen , Zhao Li , Hou Jun 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe margin status of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients is considered to be predictive of recurrence and long-term survival. Therefore, precise intraoperative margin assessment is crucial. This study investigated the feasibility of using near-infrared fluorescence imaging technology to guide margin design in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.MethodsIn this retrospective study, indocyanine green solution was intravenously injected preoperatively into patients. Intraoperatively, the surgical area was illuminated using a near-infrared fluorescence imaging system, which caused the lesion to fluoresce in the surgical area. Surgery was performed with the assistance of fluorescence imaging. The fluorescence intensity of the lesion area and surrounding normal tissue was recorded during surgery. Intraoperative margins were sent for rapid pathology, and postoperative margin pathology results were documented.ResultsSixteen patients were included in this study (7 males, 9 females), with an average age of 65.65 ± 12.37 years. Preoperative biopsy and postoperative pathology confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma in all patients. No cancer cells were found in the margin pathology results. The average fluorescence intensity of the lesion area was 214 ± 4.70, and that of the surrounding normal tissue was 104.63 ± 3.14. There was no significant difference in the fluorescence intensity values of the lesion areas among all patients (F=0.38, P&gt;0.05). There was a significant difference in fluorescence intensity between the lesion area and surrounding normal tissue (t=33.76, P&lt;0.05).ConclusionNear-infrared fluorescence imaging technology can aid in real-time imaging differentiation of lesion areas based on differences in fluorescence intensity during surgery. The use of this technology can assist surgeons in assessing the safety margin and reliably guide surgery.
Reporting characteristics and quality of randomized controlled trial protocols in traditional Chinese medicine: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Lin , Li Han , Hu Lihan , Ou Xiangqin , Tan Hanzhi , Zhang Xuanqi , Lau Chung Tai , Lyu Aiping , Bian Zhaoxiang , Zhang Xuan 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThe impact of the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SPIRIT-TCM) Extension 2018 statement on the reporting quality of randomized controlled trial (RCT) protocols in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is not clear. This review aimed to assess the reporting characteristics and quality of RCT protocols involving interventions such as Chinese herbal medicine formulas (CHMF), acupuncture, and moxibustion published in the last 3 years.MethodsWe conducted an extensive search among multiple databases, including All EBM Reviews, Allied and Complementary Medicine (AMED), Embase, Ovid MEDLINE(R), PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov for publications in English from 1 January 2020 to 10 August 2023. Two reviewers independently assessed the eligibility of the publications, extracted predetermined information, and evaluated the reporting based on the SPIRIT-TCM Extension 2018 checklist.ResultsOf the 420 eligible protocols (comprising 163 studies on CHMF, 239 on acupuncture, and 18 on moxibustion), the average reporting compliance rate was only 35.4%. Approximately half of the assessed items fell into the category of poorly reported, demonstrating a compliance rate below 65%. Notably, reporting compliance in acupuncture and moxibustion interventional studies exhibited higher scores than compliance in CHMF studies.ConclusionContinued, concerted, and coordinated efforts are required by journals, editors, reviewers, and investigators to improve the application and promotion of the SPIRIT-TCM Extension 2018 reporting guideline.
The efficacy and safety of Gukang Capsule for primary osteoporosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trial
Authors: Wei Zhenpu , Wang Zhiqiang , Huang Yunmei , Chen Xuzheng , Sun Pan , Zhang Chutian , Zhou Fen , Lin Yanping 
Published: June 2024

Background: Gukang Capsule has been used as a complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for the treatment of primary osteoporosis (POP) in China. The primary aim of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety of Gukang Capsule in POP patients.Methods: A systematic search was conducted across multiple academic databases including PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Information, and Wanfang database to identify randomized controlled trials investigating the Gukang Capsule in the treatment of POP. The screening process, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality were conducted independently by two reviewers. Statistical analysis was performed using the Rev Man 5.3 software. Subgroup analysis was carried out through the combination of OPF. Subgroup analysis was performed according to whether OPF were combined. Stata 12.0 was used for sensitivity and bias analysis.Results: Nineteen studies were assessed that included 1804 participants. It was found that compared with the control group, the total effective rate (RR = 1.26, 95% CI, 1.20, 1.33), the Medical Outcomes Study Short-form 36 [RR = 1.26, 95% CI(1.20, 1.33)], the bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebra (SMD = 0.77, 95% CI, 0.48, 1.07), the BMD of femoral neck [SMD = 0.84, 95% CI(0.53, 1.14)], and the BMD of Ward’s triangle (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI, 0.44, 0.85) of the Gukang Capsule experimental group were higher. Compared with the control group, the fracture healing time (SMD = −2.14, 95% CI, −2.45, −1.84), the bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) levels in serum (SMD = −2.00, 95% CI, −2.83, −1.17), the tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b) levels in serum (SMD = −2.58, 95% CI, −3.87, −1.29) of the Gukang Capsule experimental group were lower. The bone glaprotein (BGP) levels in serum (SMD = −0.22, 95% CI, −1.86, 1.43) and the adverse events (RR = 0.80, 95% CI, 0.40, 1.63) of the experimental group and the control group have no difference.Conclusion: Gukang Capsule, as a CAM for the management of POP, exhibits the potential to enhance BMD and quality of life, expedite the healing time of OPF, diminish levels of BALP and TRACP-5b, and improve the total effective rate without increasing the adverse events.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023477774, PROSPERO CRD42023477774.
Adverse drug reactions in neonates: a brief analysis of the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Byskov Pernille Kähler , Baden Christoffer Storm , Andersen Jon Trærup , Jimenez-Solem Espen , Olsen Ramus Huan , Gade Christina , Lausten-Thomsen Ulrik 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionDrug trials in neonates are scarce, and the neonates may consequently be at risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Spontaneous ADR reporting is an important tool for expanding the knowledge on drug safety in neonates. This study explores the quality of current neonatal ADR reports and the ADR reports of the most common drugs used in neonatal departments.MethodsAn observational cross-sectional study focused on neonates was conducted using data on spontaneous reports extracted from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) from the third quarter of 2014 up to December 2022. Only the primary suspect drugs given to neonates or subjects aged &lt;30 days were included in the analysis.ResultsSpontaneous reports from 13 million patients of all ages, totaling 50 million ADRs, were evaluated. Information regarding the age was missing in 40% of the reports, and data on 43,737 neonates with 948 different suspected drugs were identified and included in the analysis. We report the frequency of spontaneous ADR reports in the FAERS database for the ten most frequently administered drugs in neonatal intensive care units in the USA.ConclusionOverall, neonatal ADRs are still underreported. The FAERS database in its current form discriminates insufficiently between prenatal and postnatal drug exposures. Hence, improved neonatal pharmacovigilance systems are urgently needed.
Bioactives of the essential oil from the leaves of Eugenia pyriformis Cambess (Myrtaceae) on the effects of tobacco
Authors: de Medeiros Jaqueline Pavelegini , Rodrigues Selma Alves , Sakumoto Karina , Ruiz Suelen Pereira , Faria Maria Graciela Iecher , Gonçalves José Eduardo , Piau Junior Ranulfo , Glamočlija Jasmina , Soković Marina , Gonçalves Daniela Dib , Mandim Filipa , Barros Lillian , Gazim Zilda Cristiani 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionLung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and the main cause of cancer death, usually related to cigarette smoking. Furthermore, the microbiota of people exposed to cigarette smoke can be modified, making it difficult to eliminate opportunistic microorganisms. The leaves of Eugenia pyriformis are a by-product of fruit production and, to date, there have been no studies addressing the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities.ObjectiveInvestigate the antimicrobial, Nitric Oxide (NO)-production inhibition, and antiproliferative activities of the essential oil from E. pyriformis leaves and its possible effect on the treatment and prevention of damage caused by tobacco.MethodsThe essential oil (EO) was obtained by hydrodistillation (3 h). Its chemical composition was investigated by GC-MS. It was proposed to investigate antiproliferative activity against human tumor cell lines, namely, breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7), lung (NCI-H460), cervical (HeLa), and hepatocellular (HepG2) carcinomas. A non-tumor primary culture from pig liver (PLP2) was also tested. The EO capacity to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by a lipopolysaccharide stimulated murine macrophage cell line. Antibacterial and antifungal activities against opportunistic pathogens were investigated against seven strains of bacteria and eight fungi.ResultsThe results indicated the presence of 23 compounds in the essential oil, the majority were spathulenol (45.63%) and β-caryophyllene oxide (12.72%). Leaf EO provided 50% inhibition of nitric oxide production at a concentration of 92.04 µg mL−1. The EO also demonstrated antiproliferative activity against all human tumor cell lines studied, with GI50 values comprised between 270.86 and 337.25 µg mL−1. The essential oil showed antimicrobial potential against the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes (Murray et al.) Pirie (NCTC 7973) and Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 13311 (MIC 1870 µg mL−1) and fungi Aspergillus versicolor ATCC 11730, Aspergillus ochraceus ATCC 12066, Penicillium ochrochloron ATCC 90288, Penicillium verrucosum var. cyclopium (Westling) Samson, Stolk &amp; Hadlok (food isolate) (MIC 1870 µg mL−1) and Trichoderma viride Pers. IAM 5061 (1,400 µg mL–1).ConclusionThe demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial activities in the leaves of E. pyriformis can add value to the production chain of this plant, being a possible option for preventing and combating cancer, including lung cancer.
Pulsed electric field performance calculator tool based on an in vitro human cardiac model
Authors: Casciola Maura , Kaboudian Abouzar , Feaster Tromondae K. , Narkar Akshay , Blinova Ksenia 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionPulsed Field Ablation (PFA) is a novel non-thermal method for cardiac ablation, relying on irreversible electroporation induced by high-energy pulsed electric fields (PEFs) to create localized lesions in the heart atria. A significant challenge in optimizing PFA treatments is determining the lethal electric field threshold (EFT), which governs ablation volume and varies with PEF waveform parameters. However, the proprietary nature of device developer’s waveform characteristics and the lack of standardized nonclinical testing methods have left optimal EFTs for cardiac ablation uncertain.MethodsTo address this gap, we introduced a laboratory protocol employing human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) in monolayer format to evaluate the impact of a range of clinically relevant biphasic pulse parameters on lethal EFT and adiabatic heating (AH). Cell death areas were assessed using fluorescent dyes and confocal microscopy, while lethal EFTs were quantified through comparison with electric field numerical simulations.Results and conclusionOur study confirmed a strong correlation between cell death in hiPSC-CMs and the number and duration of pulses in each train, with pulse repetition frequency exerting a comparatively weaker influence. Fitting of these results through machine learning algorithms were used to develop an open-source online calculator. By estimating lethal EFT and associated temperature increases for diverse pulse parameter combinations, this tool, once validated, has the potential to significantly reduce reliance on animal models during early-stage device de-risking and performance assessment. This tool also offers a promising avenue for advancing PFA technology for cardiac ablation medical devices to enhance patient outcomes.
Validity and reliability of a wearable blood flow restriction training device for arterial occlusion pressure assessment
Authors: Zhang Wei-Yang , Zhuang Shu-Can , Chen Yuan-Ming , Wang Hao-Nan 
Published: June 2024

PurposeThe blood flow restriction (BFR) training is an effective approach to promoting muscle strength, muscle hypertrophy, and regulating the peripheral vascular system. It is recommended to use to the percentage of individual arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) to ensure safety and effectiveness. The gold standard method for assessing arterial occlusive disease is typically measured using Doppler ultrasound. However, its high cost and limited accessibility restrict its use in clinical and practical applications. A novel wearable BFR training device (Airbands) with automatic AOP assessment provides an alternative solution. This study aims to examine the reliability and validity of the wearable BFR training device.MethodsNinety-two participants (46 female and 46 male) were recruited for this study. Participants were positioned in the supine position with the wearable BFR training device placed on the proximal portion of the right thigh. AOP was measured automatically by the software program and manually by gradually increasing the pressure until the pulse was no longer detected by color Doppler ultrasound, respectively. Validity, inter-rater reliability, and test-retest reliability were assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis.ResultsThe wearable BFR training device demonstrated good validity (ICC = 0.85, mean difference = 4.1 ± 13.8 mmHg [95% CI: −23.0 to 31.2]), excellent inter-rater reliability (ICC = 0.97, mean difference = −1.4 ± 6.7 mmHg [95% CI: −14.4 to 11.7]), and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.94, mean difference = 0.6 ± 8.6 mmHg [95% CI: −16.3 to 17.5]) for the assessment of AOP. These results were robust in both male and female subgroups.ConclusionThe wearable BFR training device can be used as a valid and reliable tool to assess the AOP of the lower limb in the supine position during BFR training.
BASIC PENTACYSTEINE1 regulates ABI4 by modification of two histone marks H3K27me3 and H3ac during early seed development of Medicago truncatula
Authors: Dang Thi Thu , Lalanne David , Ly Vu Joseph , Ly Vu Benoit , Defaye Johan , Verdier Jerome , Leprince Olivier , Buitink Julia 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe production of highly vigorous seeds with high longevity is an important lever to increase crop production efficiency, but its acquisition during seed maturation is strongly influenced by the growth environment.MethodsAn association rule learning approach discovered MtABI4, a known longevity regulator, as a gene with transcript levels associated with the environmentally-induced change in longevity. To understand the environmental sensitivity of MtABI4 transcription, Yeast One-Hybrid identified a class I BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (MtBPC1) transcription factor as a putative upstream regulator. Its role in the regulation of MtABI4 was further characterized.Results and discussionOverexpression of MtBPC1 led to a modulation of MtABI4 transcripts and its downstream targets. We show that MtBPC1 represses MtABI4 transcription at the early stage of seed development through binding in the CT-rich motif in its promoter region. To achieve this, MtBPC1 interacts with SWINGER, a sub-unit of the PRC2 complex, and Sin3-associated peptide 18, a sub-unit of the Sin3-like deacetylation complex. Consistent with this, developmental and heat stress-induced changes in MtABI4 transcript levels correlated with H3K27me3 and H3ac enrichment in the MtABI4 promoter. Our finding reveals the importance of the combination of histone methylation and histone de-acetylation to silence MtABI4 at the early stage of seed development and during heat stress.