bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a novel two‐laser beam stereolithography system
Authors: Jiang Cho‐Pei 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop a novel two‐laser beam stereolithography system which has the advantages of low cost, fabrication time reduction and high accuracy.Design/methodology/approachThe wavelengths of the two semiconductor laser beams are determined to be 405 nm (blue light) and 532 nm (green light), respectively, according to the relative absorbance rate of the visible‐light curable resin (NAF202) used. The blue light laser is suitable for scanning the contour of objects because of its fast absorbance, thus giving a narrow cured depth. The green light laser is better suited to scanning the internal crosshatch to condense the fabrication time because of its deep penetration and its high power results in a wide cured width. A photoabsorber, carbon powder with an average diameter of 0.1 μm, is adopted to control the cured layer thickness. An adaptive crosshatch technique is introduced and applied to the fabrication process. Two benchmarks are proposed and fabricated using the developed system to evaluate the fabrication capability. Furthermore, a coordinate measuring machine is employed to evaluate the accuracy of the fabricated benchmark parts.FindingsAn optimal weight percentage of 1.5 is specified. The technique developed in this study is feasible for the fabrication of highly‐convoluted objects such as fan blades. The inclusion of the adaptive crosshatch technique in the developed system significantly reduces the fabrication time.Originality/valueThe results presented in this paper show that the developed system can fabricate objects quickly with high accuracy.
Analysis of the demand for counterfeit goods
Authors: Norum Pamela S. , Cuno Angela 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe production, distribution and consumption of counterfeit goods have been increasing at an alarming rate. Current legislation addresses the supply side of the problem, but not the demand side of the problem. The purpose of this paper is to examine, empirically, factors affecting consumer demand for counterfeit goods were analyzed.Design/methodology/approachThe economic theory of consumer demand provided the theoretical framework. Data were collected from students enrolled at a major mid‐western university, and logistic regression was used to estimate demand functions for counterfeit goods.FindingsThe results indicated that student sensitivity to the counterfeit problem did not significantly deter the purchase of counterfeit goods.Research limitations/implicationsEducators in textiles and apparel should have a vested interest in providing education about counterfeiting, resulting in students with greater sensitivity to the issue.Originality/valueThe production, distribution and consumption of counterfeit goods have been increasing at an alarming rate. Current legislation addresses the supply side of the problem, but not the demand side of the problem. Consumer education may be a feasible approach for addressing the demand side of the problem.
Factors influencing international fashion retailers' entry mode choice
Authors: Lu Yao , Karpova Elena E. , Fiore Ann Marie 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a theory‐based framework that informs a fashion retailer's entry mode choice into a foreign market.Design/methodology/approachAspects of transaction cost, bargaining, resource based, and internationalization theories were integrated to develop a conceptual framework for fashion retailers determining the best entry mode to foreign markets. Propositions were developed, which serve as bridge laws, bridging the gap between the theories and the investigation of fashion retailers' entry mode choice. A case study was used to demonstrate applicability of the developed propositions.FindingsThree groups of factors were identified that influence entry mode choice in the fashion retail market: firm‐specific factors of asset specificity, brand equity, financial capacity, and international experience; country‐specific factors of country risk, cultural distance, and government restrictions; and market‐specific factors of market potential and market competition. Nine propositions were generated, positing how each of the factors may influence a fashion retailer's entry mode choice.Research limitations/implicationsThe conceptual model and propositions require further empirical investigation. Future research also needs to systematically explore the interactions or trade‐offs between different determinate factors.Practical implicationsA fashion retailer can use the framework and propositions to systematically evaluate the company's case to justify an entry mode decision for a specific foreign market.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to describe the integration of theories to help explain factors affecting fashion retailers' entry mode choice.
The US and Japanese apparel demand conditions: implications for industry competitiveness
Authors: Lee Juyoung , Karpova Elena E. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate aggregated apparel demand in the USA and Japan and to assess the positions of apparel products manufactured in the USA and Japan in comparison to imported apparel.Design/methodology/approachBased on Porter's industry competitiveness theory as a theoretical framework, the two‐step demand analysis, time‐series market analysis and elasticities of demand using “Almost ideal demand system” was conducted in order to reveal the overall market conditions of the USA and Japan and the market positions of domestically manufactured and imported apparel products in both countries.FindingsRegardless of the country of origin, US consumers were price conscious in purchasing apparel products because they decreased purchase for not only domestically produced products but also imported products when prices increased. However, Japanese consumers' price concept toward apparel products was dual. They increased their purchase of domestically made products if the price was higher, and decreased their purchase of imported products.Originality/valueThis paper provides a framework for the apparel industry competitiveness assessment with regard to the demand‐side analysis of Porter's competitiveness theory. Moreover, there is no research in the current literature that assessed the US apparel demand with regard to industry competitiveness and a cross national view, especially compared with the Japanese apparel industry.
Mobile communications in Turkey: from first mover advantages to management capabilities
Authors: Filiz Karabag Solmaz , Berggren Christian 
Published: March 2011

PurposeSeveral studies of the telecommunications industry have focused on government regulation and structural conditions, suggesting that initial order of entry and network effects create strong first‐mover advantages for GSM companies. This paper seeks to change the focus to managerial capabilities and to investigate how an early mover on the Turkish market manages the phase of vigorous competition following the early‐regulated period.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is a case study of one leading firm in the context of the Turkish telecommunications market development. The most important sources for data are Telepati Telekom Journal, Turkcell Annual Reports, Telecommunications Authority of Turkey's publications, the reports of investment institutions, web pages of operators, and previous publications about the Turkish telecom industry.FindingsThe paper finds that the early mover, Turkcell, has used a mix of differentiated marketing strategies, innovative and diversified product development and increased service quality to defend its position in an era of increased competition with new operators, a high number of pre‐paid customers and number portability.Originality/valueOn the basis of this case, the paper argues that studies of the telecommunications industry need to expand their analyses of industry structures to also include firm‐specific strategies and management capabilities.
Generic strategies and performance – evidence from manufacturing firms
Authors: Nandakumar M.K. , Ghobadian Abby , O'Regan Nicholas 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between business‐level strategy and organisational performance and to test the applicability of Porter's generic strategies in explaining differences in the performance of organisations.Design/methodology/approachThe study was focussed on manufacturing firms in the UK belonging to the electrical and mechanical engineering sectors. Data were collected through a postal survey using the survey instrument from 124 organisations and the respondents were all at CEO level. Both objective and subjective measures were used to assess performance. Non‐response bias was assessed statistically and it was not found to be a major problem affecting this study. Appropriate measures were taken to ensure that common method variance (CMV) does not affect the results of this study. Statistical tests indicated that CMV problem does not affect the results of this study.FindingsThe results of this study indicate that firms adopting one of the strategies, namely cost‐leadership or differentiation, perform better than “stuck‐in‐the‐middle” firms which do not have a dominant strategic orientation. The integrated strategy group has lower performance compared with cost‐leaders and differentiators in terms of financial performance measures. This provides support for Porter's view that combination strategies are unlikely to be effective in organisations. However, the cost‐leadership and differentiation strategies were not strongly correlated with the financial performance measures indicating the limitations of Porter's generic strategies in explaining performance heterogeneity in organisations.Originality/valueThis study makes an important contribution to the literature by identifying some of the gaps in the literature through a systematic literature review and addressing those gaps.
Structured approach to measure performance in construction research and development
Authors: Kulatunga Udayangani , Amaratunga Dilanthi , Haigh Richard 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe aim of this study is to explore performance measurement applications within construction research and development (R&D) to develop a structured approach to measure the performance of a collaborative construction R&D project during its lifecycle from initiation, conceptualisation, development, and launch stages, and during project management.Design/methodology/approachDuring the exploratory phase of the study, semi‐structured interviews and a questionnaire survey were carried out to develop the performance measurement system (PMS). During the explanatory phase, the developed PMS was refined with a series of semi‐structured interviews. The data were gathered from principal investigators, researchers and industrial partners involved in collaborative construction R&D work.FindingsThe main finding is the developed PMS to measure the performance of construction R&D that consists of critical success factors, performance indicators and performance measures during the lifecycle of a R&D project.Practical implicationsThe PMS developed through the study provides critical success factors, performance indicators and measures that need to be considered during construction R&D projects to measure the performance. Thus, through the implementation of the PMS, this study contributes to practice by assisting the performance improvement within construction R&D projects.Originality/valueThe developed PMS to measure the performance of construction R&D projects will provide value for those who are engaged in R&D work (principal investigators, researchers and industrial partners) to ensure the success of their projects.
Impact of the internet on teenagers' influence on family purchases
Authors: Kaur Anupriya , Medury Y. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe primary purpose of this paper is to investigate empirically the impact of the internet on teenage childrens' roles in purchase decisions.Design/methodology/approachBased on a survey administered to 346 parent‐child dyads, regression analysis and ANOVA analysis were employed to analyze the impact of the internet on teenagers' influence on several purchase subdecisions related with purchase of high technology products and vacation planning in urban Indian households.FindingsResults indicate that teenage children in urban Indian households are significantly influenced by the internet, i.e. they perceive and disseminate consumption related information from the internet and, further, this influence is positively related to their role in family purchase decisions. Additionally, statistically significant differences were found on children's participation in decision making across the six subdecisions.Originality/valueThese results are important to academicians, researchers and practitioners because they show that the internet does act as a contemporary influence on consumer socialization of children and impacts the teenage child's participation in family which has been relatively unexplored.
Tween girls' perception of gender roles and gender identities: a qualitative study
Authors: Chan Kara , Tufte Birgitte , Cappello Gianna , Williams Russell B. 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe present study aims to examine girls' perception of gender roles and gender identities in Hong Kong.Design/methodology/approachA total of 16 girls aged 10 to 12 were asked to take pictures from the media that could illustrate “what girls or women should or should not be; and what girls or women should or should not do”. Qualitative interviews were conducted.FindingsAnalysis of interviews and images captured found that tween girls' perceived gender roles for females were based on a mixture of traditional and contemporary role models. Girls in Hong Kong demonstrated conservatism in sexuality. Sexy outlook and pre‐marital sexual relations were considered inappropriate. Tween girls showed concern about global as well as domestic social agendas. They used a variety of media and showed interest in contents primarily for adults.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was based on a convenience sample. The interviewees came from middle to lower income families, limiting the validity for generalization. Further quantitative study is needed to establish benchmarks.Practical implicationsThis study will help in understanding the kinds of media images that attract the attention of female tweens and what those images mean to them. The study can serve as a guideline for marketing communication aimed at this target group, particularly for skincare, beauty, and cosmetic marketers.Originality/valueThe first novel idea that is being used in this research is the combination of visual method and the application of qualitative methodology to the study of media effects. The second novel idea is the use of interviewees as data‐collectors. The methodology enables contextually relevant questions and to understand the meaning of the images captured.
Preparing for the next crisis: what can organizations do to prepare managers for an uncertain future?
Authors: Faustenhammer Alfred , Gössler Martin 
Published: March 2011

PurposeExecutives are poorly prepared for the next crisis. In order to be able to lead organizations through crises, executives need to have knowledge about the structures and processes they introduce with the goal of maintaining the organization's capacity for action.Design/methodology/approachThe argument is based on the author's personal experience as consultants and experts for leadership development. Organizations are oftentimes too slow or too quick to implement measures. The adopted measures do not have long‐term effects. Many measures are inexpertly implemented, leading to a long‐term loss of employee trust. Executives do not measure up to their role's modified demands. Dedicated executives leave the organization or are on burnout‐induced sick leave.FindingsExecutives act within their professional role and not as individuals as a whole. A group of executives who are resilient as individuals does not yet make for a resilient executive team. The executive team's resilience depends on the collective capacity for action. Crises are threats to individuals and social systems, both regarding their subsistence and their identity. The fight to maintain the social system's identity obstructs the fight to maintain its economic survival.Practical implicationsThere are four fields of action for executive development: crisis management expertise; interpersonal skills and self‐reflection; strategic resilience; and personal resilience.Originality/valueThe concept of “resilience” could help prepare executives, teams and organizations for upcoming crises. In addition to individual abilities, organizations also need to adjust habits, structure and culture in order to be resilient.
Utilizing gossip as a strategy to construct organizational reality
Authors: Gholipour Aryan , Fakheri Kozekanan Samira , Zehtabi Mona 
Published: March 2011

PurposeGossip is one of the reality organizations. Employees might regard gossip as a kind of information and behave based on that, thus gossip management is of great importance for effective management. In this article we investigate gossip and suggest a model for managing it.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper the authors have tried to study gossip behaviors and misbehaviors and suggest solutions to manage them.FindingsBased on the literature on gossip, the authors suggest ABC model for gossip management in organizations. In the ABC model some factors like importance, ambiguity, stress and tension, tendency to believe gossips and contrast as antecedents, making gossips, fighting gossips and spreading gossips as a strategy and other factors like mistrust, feedback, behavior modifying mechanism, information source and evaluating the employees reaction have been analyzed as the consequences of gossip.Originality/valueThis paper analyses intentional usage of gossips by managers to shape the intended organizational realities in light of social constructionist.
Strategic thinking in Benetton
Authors: Monnavarian Abbas , Farmani Gita , Yajam Hajar 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to identify the related factors of strategic thinking and their assessment (determining the gap between “importance of the factors”, and “present situation of the factors”) in Benetton Co. branches located in Iran.Design/methodology/approachThe paper briefly reviews the literature related to strategic planning, and especially strategic thinking. Through the review of literature, some factors will be identified, and then presents statistical evidence to show their relevance and situation (the gap between present situation and optimum situation) in Benetton Co. branches located to Iran.FindingsThe findings of the research indicate that there are 12 relevant factors of strategic thinking; and difference between “importance of the factors”, and the present situation of all 12 factors in Benetton, are meaningful.Research limitations/implicationsMore research needs to be conducted about the factors related to strategic thinking. Due to the fact that the research is limited to a specific company, the findings cannot be generalized. Also, it seems that relying on questionnaire can cause some limitations to the findings.Practical implicationsAlthough strategic planning and thinking are distinct, they are interrelated and complementary in terms of thought processes. If they sustain and support each other, effective strategic planning can be formulated and implemented.Originality/valueThe paper provides insights to different dimensions of strategic thinking and the amount of their presence in an international company working in a developing country; and the way it enhances the capacity of the company for implementation of strategic planning.
A ratings‐based stakeholder analysis for a food production company, including trust and risk implications
Authors: Harvey Joan 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThis paper takes a stakeholder analysis approach derived from a study in one domain and applies this to safety issues in an organization making food products.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a stakeholder analysis approach.FindingsThis paper has demonstrates that the approach advocated by Heidrich et al. for stakeholder analysis in waste management can be used in other domains.Originality/valueTakes a stakeholder analysis approach derived from a study in one domain and applies this to safety issues in an organization making food products.
Cultural values and gender gap: a cross‐national analysis
Authors: Yeganeh Hamid , May Diane 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically investigate the effects of cultural values on gender gap.Design/methodology/approachFirst, by relying on the extant literature, the concepts of cultural values and gender gap are framed and variables are defined. Then, the relationships among variables are hypothesized and the theoretical model is constructed. Finally, empirical tests are conducted, the results are analyzed, and theoretical/practical implications are discussed.FindingsThe results show that controlling for the effects of socio‐economic variables, culture still has important implications for gender gap. More specifically, it is found that conservatism value dimension is associated with higher levels of gender gap, but autonomy cultural dimension may lead to gender equality.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to three pairs of cultural values as proposed by Schwartz. Another major limitation of this study resides in the theoretical model and linear data analysis techniques used to investigate the relationship between culture and gender gap.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study could have important practical implications in many areas of social sciences such as political science, management and organizational studies, education, international law, and human resource management.Social implicationsBy considering the implications of cultural values, policy makers and business leaders may adopt effective strategies to promote gender equalities at the societal and organizational levels.Originality/valueWhile many studies have focused on some narrow aspects such as gender‐based differences in labour, employment, remuneration, political representation, education, and leadership, in this study, the authors relied on a comprehensive conceptualization of the gender gap. Considering the reliability of data and the variety of countries/cultures included, the results seem very significant.
Stability of residual stress induced by laser peening under cyclic mechanical loading
Authors: Sano Yuji , Akita Koichi , Takeda Kazuya , Sumiya Rie , Tazawa Toshiyuki , Saito Toshiyuki , Narazaki Chihiro 
Published: March 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the behavior of compressive residual stress induced by laser peening under external loading on an age‐hardened high‐strength aluminum alloy A2024‐T3, a low‐carbon austenitic stainless steel SUS316L (Type 316L) and a nickel‐based alloy NCF600 (Alloy 600).Design/methodology/approachThe surface residual stress was measured intermittently by X‐ray diffraction during cyclic uniaxial loading.FindingsThe compressive residual stress due to laser peening significantly decreased during the first few cycles at stress ratio of 0.1 with the maximum loading stress exceeding the 0.2 per cent yield stress. No remarkable decrease was observed afterward until the end of the loading cycles.Originality/valueUnder symmetric loading at the stress ratio of −1 to A2024‐T3, a major decrease took place in the compression side of the first loading cycle. The surface residual stresses remained in compression within all the extent of the present experiments, even if the maximum loading stress exceeded the yield stress of the materials.