bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Focus on Athletes Who Desire Preinjury Level of Sport
Authors: Kawanishi Yusuke , Kobayashi Makoto , Yasuma Sanshiro , Fukushima Hiroaki , Kato Jiro , Murase Atsunori , Takenaga Tetsuya , Yoshida Masahito , Kuroyanagi Gen , Kawaguchi Yohei , Murakami Hideki , Nozaki Masahiro 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn most previous studies investigating return to preinjury level of sport (RTPS) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), whether patients continue aiming for RTPS not only before but also after ACLR was unclear because environmental and social factors were not considered. Herein, we aimed to evaluate factors associated with RTPS among athletes who desired to achieve RTPS even after ACLR, excluding patients who no longer desire this goal owing to environmental and social factors. Ninety-two patients who underwent primary double-bundle ACLR with a minimum 2-year follow-up and desired to achieve RTPS before surgery were retrospectively enrolled. Twelve (13%) patients who no longer desired to achieve RTPS after ACLR owing to environmental and social factors were excluded. Sixty-nine patients were included in the final cohort. At the final follow-up, the patients were split into two groups: those who achieved (R group) or did not achieve (N group) RTPS based on patient self-assessment. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and Lysholm scores were also determined. The anterior tibial translation in the Lachman test and acceleration and external rotational angular velocity (ERAV) in the pivot shift test were measured at the hardware removal operation. Significant differences were observed for preinjury level of sports between the groups (p < 0.05). The rate of RTPS in competitive athletes was lower than that in recreational athletes (20/46: 43% vs. 16/22: 73%; p =.037). Lysholm score, KOOS symptom, pain, and quality of life showed higher values in the R group than in the N group (p < 0.050). Acceleration was significantly lower in the R group than in the N group (p = 0.028). Competitive level of sports is a risk factor for failure to achieve RTPS. The postoperative functional outcomes in the group that achieved RTPS showed more favorable results. These results provide important information to enable the surgeons to consider the appropriate surgical plan for competitive athletes who desire to achieve RTPS after ACLR.
Assessment of colonoscopy skill using machine learning to measure quality: Proof-of-concept and initial validation
Authors: Wittbrodt Matthew , Klug Matthew , Etemadi Mozziyar , Yang Anthony , Pandolfino John E. , Keswani Rajesh N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims Low-quality colonoscopy increases
cancer risk but measuring quality remains challenging. We developed an automated, interactive
assessment of colonoscopy quality (AI-CQ) using machine learning (ML).
Methods Based on quality guidelines, metrics selected for AI
development included insertion time (IT), withdrawal time (WT), polyp detection rate (PDR),
and polyps per colonoscopy (PPC). Two novel metrics were also developed: HQ-WT (time during
withdrawal with clear image) and WT-PT (withdrawal time subtracting polypectomy time). The
model was pre-trained using a self-supervised vision transformer on unlabeled colonoscopy
images and then finetuned for multi-label classification on another mutually exclusive
colonoscopy image dataset. A timeline of video predictions and metric calculations were
presented to clinicians in addition to the raw video using a web-based application. The model
was externally validated using 50 colonoscopies at a second hospital.
Results The AI-CQ accuracy to identify cecal intubation was 88%.
IT (P = 0.99) and WT (P = 0.99) were
highly correlated between manual and AI-CQ measurements with a median difference of 1.5
seconds and 4.5 seconds, respectively. AI-CQ PDR did not significantly differ from manual PDR
(47.6% versus 45.5%, P = 0.66). Retroflexion was correctly
identified in 95.2% and number of right colon evaluations in 100% of colonoscopies. HQ-WT was
45.9% of, and significantly correlated with (P = 0.85) WT
time.
Conclusions An interactive AI assessment of colonoscopy skill can
automatically assess quality. We propose that this tool can be utilized to rapidly identify
and train providers in need of remediation.
It Is Necessary to Pay Attention to Where the Pcom Originate from the Aneurysm to Treat with FD
Authors: Fujii Takashi , Teranishi Kohsuke , Mitome-Mishima Yumiko , Kitamura Takayuki , Wada Kojiro , Kondo Akihide , Oishi Hidenori 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective With the expansion of indications of flow diverter (FD) for cerebral aneurysms, FD placement for posterior communicating artery (Pcom) aneurysms has been approved. However, it is controversial whether Pcom aneurysms should be treated with FD or not. In this study, we report the outcome of FD treatment for Pcom aneurysms in Japan.
Materials and Methods We retrospectively analyzed 36 patients with 38 aneurysms treated with FD placement for Pcom aneurysms between 2015 and 2021 in our hospital. We divided our cases into complete occlusion (CO) and non-CO groups. And we extracted contributing factors to CO using multivariate analysis. We also compared the complications rate among the three types of FDs.
Results CO was obtained in 29 cases (79.3%), and complications were observed in 3 cases (7.9%). Multivariate analysis revealed that the type of Pcom branch from the aneurysmal dome was a significant factor contributing to CO (odds ratio: 0.0052, 95% confidence interval 0.000048–0.584, p = 0.029). In terms of complications, complication rate was significantly higher in the Flow-Redirection Endoluminal Device (FRED) group (p = 0.0491).
Conclusion The outcome for Pcom aneurysms treated by FD was acceptable. When treating, we must pay attention to where Pcom originates. Achieving CO with FD is difficult for aneurysms where the Pcom branches from the dome. Furthermore, when treating Pcom aneurysms with FRED, it is necessary to be careful about thromboembolic complications.
Teaching marketing analytics: a pricing case study for quantitative and substantive marketing skills
Authors: Skiera Bernd , Jürgensmeier Lukas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article describes a data-driven case study for teaching and assessing students’ skills in marketing analytics, specifically in pricing. This case study combines teaching econometrics to analyze data and substantive marketing to derive managerial insights. The econometric challenge requires students to set up and implement a regression analysis to derive the demand function, detect multicollinearity, and select appropriate data visualizations. The substantive challenge requires deriving optimal pricing decisions and understanding how the parameters of the demand function impact optimal prices and the associated profit. We test the case study in a marketing analytics exam and discuss the performance of 134 students. Beyond assessing student performance in an exam, the case study facilitates teaching through in-class group work or assignments. Free of charge, under a liberal CC BY license, we encourage other educators to use the case study in their teaching. We provide the necessary data and a sample solution using the statistical programming language R.
Design and hardware verification of photovoltaic converter based on adaptive P&O with snubber and BJT circuits
Authors: Zhong Yiming , Xu Shizhou , Yao Jingying 
Published: May 2024

The efficient utilization of renewable energy is a key technology area of high domestic and international concern, and the research and development of DC–DC photovoltaic converters with high conversion efficiency is of great significance for improving performance and reducing the cost of solar power generation systems. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of solar energy, this paper proposes the design of a high-efficiency photovoltaic DC–DC converter with a non-isolated DC–DC converter as the object of the study. Solar power conversion is accomplished by designing a simple and reliable snubber circuit and a triode auxiliary circuit and tracking the maximum power point by combining the perturbation observation method with variable step size. The snubber circuit can effectively suppress the problems of pulse spikes and oscillations, and the triode auxiliary circuit prevents the reverse current and improves the switching speed, which reduces the switching loss and combines with the perturbation observation method with variable step size for fast and stable tracking of the maximum power point. In order to verify the feasibility of the converter, a 600 W prototype is designed. The experimental results show that using the snubber circuit reduces the pulse spike by 4.2 V and the overshoot is reduced by 4.3%. The maximum conversion efficiency is increased by 0.88% with the use of the transistor-assisted circuit, and the tracking efficiency of the MPPT is still stable under cloudy conditions. The maximum conversion efficiency of the prototype is finally measured to be up to 98.12%.
Protocol for the controlled reproduction of the edible frog Aubria subsigillata in aquaculture hatcheries in the Republic of Benin
Authors: Gansa Houénafa A. C. , Akélé Geraud D. , Agadjihouèdé Hyppolite 
Published: May 2024

Context Aubria subsigillata is such a highly valued, edible species for the citizens of Benin that over exploitation has led to a rarefaction of wild populations. Aims The aim of captive breeding is to develop breeding protocols and farming practices for the species which will reduce hunting pressure on wild populations. Methods The methodology consisted of determining the concentration of ovulatory hormone and its method of injection into the breeding stock, followed by in vitro fertilisation of the unfertilised eggs of the females by the spermic urine of the males to determine the optimum injection method, hormone concentration for ovulation and sperm collections, and the development of in vitro fertilisation protocols using gametes obtained via the aforementioned methodologies. Key results Results indicated that 0.2I U/g concentration of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist administered intrafemorally enabled spontaneous release of spermic urine and ova in the breeding animals. The latency time between injection and collection of gametes was 13 h in males and 27 h in females at a temperature of 28.5°C. Females laid an average of 172 eggs weighing 1 mg mass. Conclusions Aubria subsigillata is a frog that reproduces using stimuli (hormone), and in vitro fertilisation resulted in a high rate of fertilised eggs. Implications Artifical reproduction in A. subsigillata is carried out in five phases: (1) selection of mature broodstock; (2) hormonal injection; (3) gamete collection; (4) in vitro fertilisation; and (5) incubation. However, work should continue on improving the egg hatching rate.
Giant Magneto-Optical Effect in van der Waals Room-Temperature Ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2
Authors: Zhang 张 Xiaomin 晓敏 , Wang 王 Jian 健 , Zhu 朱 Wenkai 文凯 , Zhang 张 Jiaqian 佳茜 , Li 李 Weihao 伟浩 , Zhang 张 Jing 菁 , Wang 王 Kaiyou 开友 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The discovery of ferromagnetic two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdWs) materials provides an opportunity to explore intriguing physics and to develop innovative spin electronic devices. However, the main challenge for practical applications of vdWs ferromagnetic crystals lies in the weak intrinsic ferromagnetism and small perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) above room temperature. Here, we report the intrinsic vdWs ferromagnetic crystal Fe3GaTe2, synthesized by the self-flux method, exhibiting a Curie temperature (T
C) of 370 K, a high saturation magnetization of 33.47 emu/g, and a large PMA energy density of approximately 4.17 × 105 J/m3. Furthermore, the magneto-optical effect is systematically investigated in Fe3GaTe2. The doubly degenerate E
2g (Γ) mode reverses the helicity of incident photons, indicating the existence of pseudoangular-momentum (PAM) and chirality. Meanwhile, the non-degenerate non-chiral A
1g(Γ) phonon exhibits a significant magneto-Raman effect under an external out-of-plane magnetic field. These results lay the groundwork for studying phonon chirality and magneto-optical phenomena in 2D magnetic materials, providing the feasibility for further fundamental research and applications in spintronic devices.
Understanding metal bonding
Authors: Heine Volker , Chen Siyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This theoretical discussion covers several effects of metallic bonding based on a simple formula. It comes from the first steps in the Moment Method for calculating the local electronic structure of a solid (such as at a surface or in a random alloy), and depends on the square root of the total coordination number C of near neighbours. Each atom is covalently bonded to its cluster of near neighbours as a whole. The properties of metals touched on include malleability, crystal structure and phase transitions, vacancy formation energy, surface catalysis, surface reconstruction, graphite stability, and some aspects of the benzene molecule seen as an atomic metal ring. In most of these, the ‘saturation’ type of curvature of the square root function plays a crucial role. A short historical survey indicates the development of the ideas from Bloch (1929 Z. Phys.
52 555) to recent times.
Kazdan–Warner problem on compact Riemann surfaces with boundary
Authors: Xu Jie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this article, we prove that on any compact Riemann surface

(
M
,
∂
M
,
g
)

with non-empty smooth boundary

∂
M

and a Riemannian metric g, (i) any

K
∈

C
∞

(
M
)

is the Gaussian curvature function of some Riemannian metric on M; (ii) any

σ
∈

C
∞

(
∂
M
)

is the geodesic curvature of some Riemannian metric on M. These geometric results are obtained analytically by solving a semi-linear elliptic equation

−

Δ

g

u
=
K

e

2
u

on M with oblique boundary condition

∂
u

∂
ν

=
σ

e

u

. One essential tool is the existence results of Brezis–Merle type equations

−

Δ

g

u
+
A
u
=
K

e

2
u

in

M

and

∂
u

∂
ν

+
κ
u
=
σ

e

u

on

∂
M

with given functions

K
,
σ

and some constants

A
,
κ

. In addition, we rely on the extension of the uniformization theorem given by Osgood, Phillips and Sarnak.
Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks for predicting dynamic responses and application in piezoelectric energy harvesting
Authors: Liao Yabin , Qian Feng , Zhang Ruiyang , Kumar Priyanshu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Long Short-Time Memory (LSTM) deep neural networks are capable of learning order dependence in sequence problems and capturing long-term, non-linear temporal dependencies between the input and out of a system. With the long-term vision to model dynamical systems to which analytical or numerical methods are impossible or difficult to apply, this paper presents a study of modeling system dynamics and predicting responses using the LSTM networks, which have demonstrated excellent capability in predicting single-mode responses in a prior study. However, the LSTM network exhibits difficulties in modeling and predicting multi-mode responses accurately. To resolve the multi-mode issue, this paper presents an approach that obtains an equivalent network consisting of a set of sub-networks learned on isolated modes, and demonstrates its effectiveness on a simulated 2-degree-of-freedom mass-spring-damper system of nonlinear Duffing springs. The second part of the paper is focused on the application of the proposed approach in piezoelectric energy harvesting. Experiments are conducted on a harvester subjected to random base-motion excitation and exhibiting nonlinearity in its multi-mode response. Both the direct and mode-separation LSTM modeling approaches are applied to predict the output voltage given a random base-motion excitation. The mode-separation approach outperforms the direct approach significantly, and yields an excellent match between the actual and predicted responses. Specifically, for a test electrical voltage response of RMS value 0.2241 V, the difference between the actual test and predicted responses by using the mode-separation approach has an RMS value of 0.0504 V, compared to 0.1645 V obtained by using the direct LSTM approach. It is also much lower than the RMS value of 0.1835 V obtained by using the attention-based LSTM network, another comparison method. Leveraging a deep learning strategy, the validated approach opens up opportunities for accurately modeling energy harvesting systems of high complexities and/or strong nonlinearities.
Step-edge-guided nucleation and growth mode transition of α-Ga2O3 heteroepitaxy on vicinal sapphire
Authors: Hao 郝 Jinggang 景刚 , Zhang 张 Yanfang 彦芳 , Zhang 张 Yijun 贻俊 , Xu 徐 Ke 科 , Han 韩 Genquan 根全 , Ye 叶 Jiandong 建东 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Controlling the epitaxial growth mode of semiconductor layers is crucial for optimizing material properties and device performance. In this work, the growth mode of α-Ga2O3 heteroepitaxial layers was modulated by tuning miscut angles (θ) from 0° to 7° off the (

10

1
¯

0

) direction of sapphire (0002) substrate. On flat sapphire surfaces, the growth undergoes a typical three-dimensional (3D) growth mode due to the random nucleation on wide substrate terraces, as evidenced by the hillock morphology and high dislocation densities. As the miscut angle increases to θ = 5°, the terrace width of sapphire substrate is comparable to the distance between neighboring nuclei, and consequently, the nucleation is guided by terrace edges, which energetically facilitates the growth mode transition into the desirable two-dimensional (2D) coherent growth. Consequently, the mean surface roughness decreases to only 0.62 nm, accompanied by a significant reduction in screw and edge dislocations to 0.16×107 cm−2 and 3.58×109 cm−2, respectively. However, the further increment of miscut angles to θ = 7° shrink the terrace width less than nucleation distance, and the step-bunching growth mode is dominant. In this circumstance, the misfit strain is released in the initial growth stage, resulting in surface morphology degradation and increased dislocation densities.
Characteristics of the Alfvénic activity during the current quench in ASDEX Upgrade
Authors: Heinrich P. , Papp G. , Lauber Ph. , Pautasso G. , Dunne M. , Maraschek M. , Igochine V. , Linder O. ,   the ASDEX Upgrade Team,   the EUROfusion Tokamak Exploitation Team
Published: May 2024

Abstract
ASDEX Upgrade has developed multiple massive gas injection (MGI) scenarios to investigate runaway electron (RE) dynamics. During the current quench of the MGI induced disruptions, Alfvénic activity is observed in the 300–800 kHz range. With the help of a mode tracing algorithm based on Fourier spectrograms, mode behaviour was classified for 180 discharges. The modes have been identified as global Alfvén eigenmodes using linear gyrokinetic MHD simulations. Changes in the Alfvén continuum during the quench are proposed as explanation for the strong frequency sweep observed. A systematic statistical analysis shows no significant connection of the mode characteristics to the dynamics of the subsequent runaway electron beams. In our studies, the appearance and amplitude of the modes does not seem to affect the potential subsequent runaway beam. Beyond the scope of the 180 investigated dedicated RE experiments, the Alfvénic activity is also observed in natural disruptions with no RE beam forming.
Suitability of AA 7075 and Glass Fiber Materials for Aerospace Applications
Authors: Rama Krishna K.B. , Siriyala Rajesh , Rama Murty Raju P. , Rama Pavan Kumar Varma I , Harsha N. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The primary thing considered while designing an aircraft is to find the right proportion of the vehicle weight and payload. Spars, ribs, and stringers are the main structural components of the aircraft wing. In this paper, the rib is designed using the CATIA solid modelling software with different geometrical optimization and is then analyzed in ANSYS. Aluminium Alloy 7075 and Glass fiber were the materials considered during the analysis. Modal, Structural and Fatigue analysis were performed on the object to determine the natural frequencies, stresses developed, and max. number of cycles a material can withstand respectively.
Experimental Investigation on Mechanical and Viscoelastic properties of Kenaf, Basalt and Carbon Fiber reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Polymer Composites
Authors: Indra Reddy M. , Manikanth V. , Madhava Rao S. , Santosh P.V.CH.R.K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, a hybrid polymer composite reinforced with natural fibers such as Kenaf and Basalt, as well as carbon fiber was developed and analyzed for mechanical properties of the composite with varying fiber content and orientation. The composites were made using a hand layup process in which the plies were alternately stacked. Further, specimens were cut from the fabricated laminate according to ASTM standards. For the tensile and flexural test was conducted using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM). It is noticed that a hybrid composite made up of both natural fibers and carbon fiber has shown greater strength than a composite made up of only natural fibers with the same volume percentage of fiber. Furthermore, it is observed that the hybrid fiber composite in equal proportion is shown maximized strength.
Experimental Studies on Polyester - Titanium Functionally Graded Materials
Authors: Madhusudan S , Mudunuri Rajesh , Bhargavi R , Ajay Kumar V 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the present work an attempt has been made to fabricate Polyester based Titanium Functionally Graded Materials. Titanium particles are produced through conventional filing operation, by rotating Titanium rod of 50 mm diameter on lathe machine. Filing operation has been carried out at 650 rpm using a course file. The obtained powder was demagnetized to remove the foreign material related iron. Powders are subjected to sieving operation to get desired range of particle size i.e 300 microns. FGMs with 2.5 gm, 5 gm and 10 gm titanium by weight are fabricated through sedimentation technique. The quality of the FGMs is examined through liquid penetrant non-destructive testing. FGMs are tested and analyzed from density, hardness and optical microscopy point of view. Obtained results are compared and analyzed.
Acoustical-Debye Temperature-Surface Tension & Redlich Kister Coefficient Studies In Multifunctional Material Combination Of Glycerol
Authors: Sridevi G. , Fakruddin Babavali Sk. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Debye temperature and surface tension analyses were conducted on mixtures of glycerol and paraxylene materials, consisting of the whole range of mole fractions of glycerol. T= (318.15, 313.15, 308.15, and 303.15,) K was the temperature range in studies. Through a meticulous examination of the similarities in Debye temperatures and the disparities in viscosity and surface tension, they demonstrate interactions between molecules between the individual molecules that made up these liquid mixtures and the molecular contributions to the fluctuations in thermal energy in binary liquid mixtures. These interactions are explained by the derived results.