bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The juvenile social environment introduces variation in the choice and expression of sexually selected traits
Authors: Kasumovic Michael M. , Hall Matthew D. , Brooks Robert C. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe juvenile environment provides numerous cues of the intensity of competition and the availability of mates in the near environment. As research demonstrates that the developing individuals can use these cues to alter their developmental trajectories, and therefore, adult phenotypes, we examined whether social cues available during development can affect the expression and the preference of sexually selected traits. To examine this, we used the Australian black field cricket (Telogryllus commodus), a species where condition at maturity is known to affect both male calling effort and female choice. We mimicked different social environments by rearing juveniles in two different densities crossed with three different calling environments. We demonstrate that the social environment affected female response speed but not preference, and male age‐specific calling effort (especially the rate of senescence in calling effort) but not the structural/temporal parameters of calls. These results demonstrate that the social environment can introduce variation in sexually selected traits by modifying the behavioral components of male production and female choice, suggesting that the social environment may be an overlooked source of phenotypic variation. We discuss the plasticity of trait expression and preference in reference to estimations of male quality and the concept of condition dependence.
Disaccharide‐Containing Macrocycles by Click Chemistry and Intramolecular Glycosylation
Authors: Tiwari Vinod K. , Kumar Amit , Schmidt Richard R. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractIn this study o‐ and m‐xylylene moieties in combination with a triazolylmethyl moiety have been successfully employed as a relatively rigid spacer system in intramolecular glycosylation reactions. Phenyl 3,4,6‐tri‐O‐benzyl‐2‐O‐propargyl‐1‐thio‐D‐glucopyranoside was employed as a donor, which could be readily connected by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition (click reaction) to O‐(2‐ or 3‐azidomethylbenzyl)‐protected acceptors to afford, after liberation of the accepting hydroxy groups, the desired donor–spacer–acceptor‐linked intermediates. NIS/TMSOTf‐promoted glycosylation furnished disaccharide‐containing macrocycles. In general, very good results were obtained. The anomeric selectivity is dependent on various factors, the ring size seeming crucial.
Effects of cadmium and arsenic on Pteris vittata under hydroponic conditions
Authors: Drava Giuliana , Roccotiello Enrica , Minganti Vincenzo , Manfredi Alice , Cornara Laura 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Pteris vittata is known to hyperaccumulate arsenic, and a large number of studies on this fern species can be found in the literature aimed at evaluating its behavior when coexposed to other toxic elements. In the present study, P. vittata was treated with different concentrations of As and/or Cd in a hydroponic system, that is, under complete bioavailability of the elements, with the objective of investigating the effects of these two elements and their interactions. The response of the plant was evaluated by measuring As, Cd, P, and Ca concentrations in different parts of the plant. Moreover, the symptoms of phytotoxicity were assessed in terms of biomass reduction and loss of photosynthetic efficiency related to necrosis of pinnae. The concentrations of As and Cd measured in the fronds and the root system were significantly dependent on the treatment, whereas P and Ca concentrations were not affected. Interaction effects between As and Cd were observed, with maximum toxicity symptoms after treatment with both elements. This could affect the potential use of this fern for phytoremediation. Although As treatment produced a significant effect on leaves (e.g., chlorosis and necrosis), Cd treatment produced a stronger negative impact on plant health, reducing significantly the biomass and photosynthetic efficiency. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1375–1380. © 2012 SETAC
Suppressive subtractive hybridization libraries prepared from the digestive gland of the oyster Crassostrea brasiliana exposed to a diesel fuel water-accommodated fraction
Authors: Lüchmann Karim Hahn , Mattos Jacó Joaquim , Siebert Marília Nardelli , Dorrington Tarquin Stephen , Toledo-Silva Guilherme , Stoco Patricia Hermes , Grisard Edmundo Carlos , Bainy Afonso Celso Dias 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Diesel fuel can cause adverse effects in marine invertebrates by mechanisms that are not clearly understood. The authors used suppressive subtractive hybridization to identify genes up- and downregulated in Crassostrea brasiliana exposed to diesel fuel. Genes putatively involved in protein regulation, innate immune, and stress response, were altered by diesel challenge. Three genes regulated by diesel were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. This study sheds light on transcriptomic responses of oysters to diesel pollution. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:1249–1253. © 2012 SETAC
Methylmercury in mosquitoes around a large coal-fired power plant in central Ohio
Authors: Konkler Matthew J. , Hammerschmidt Chad R. 
Published: April 2012

Abstract
Emissions from coal-fired power plants are the major anthropogenic source of mercury (Hg) in the environment. Because emitted Hg can be deposited near the source, concerns arise about the effects of coal-burning facilities on levels of toxic methylmercury (MeHg) in biota near such sources. We investigated the potential impact of a large Hg-emitting (450 kg in 2005) coal-fired power station in Conesville, Ohio, on MeHg levels in adult mosquitoes near the plant. In July 2010, mosquitoes were sampled at 23 locations within a 60-km radius of the plant and at three reference sites distant from major combustion sources of Hg. Nearly all of the Hg in mosquitoes appeared in the form of MeHg (mean = 91%). Concentrations of MeHg in mosquitoes were unrelated to either distance or direction from the Conesville plant and did not differ from those at the three reference sites. Moreover, measured levels of MeHg in mosquitoes near Conesville are in good agreement with those predicted from an empirical relationship to wet atmospheric Hg fluxes alone. This suggests that either little of the Hg emitted from the Conesville plant is deposited locally or near-source deposition of Hg does not have a significant impact on MeHg in mosquitoes and, by extension, other insects with similar life histories in the local food web. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012; 31: 1657–1661. © 2012 SETAC
Is CCS a fully fledged business proposition or an interesting experiment?
Authors: Cozier Muriel 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAs delegates have been meeting for the first carbon capture and storage (CCS) conferences of 2012, the theme that seems to have emerged in the early stages of this year is: what next for CCS? Muriel Cozier provides an insight into the minefield of some of the political and financial challenges facing the commercialization and wide‐scale deployment of CCS projects.
Synthesis and reactivity of substituted alkoxymethylphosphonites and their derivatives
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAlkoxy‐substituted methylphosphonites and their derivatives are prepared using an organomagnesium method of synthesizing the organophosphorus compounds and alkoxymethylation of various PH acids and their derivatives. Also, certain properties of these promising compounds as important precursors of new functionalized organophosphorue compounds with alkoxymethyl fragments are presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:281–289, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.21015
An approach to 1,2‐dihydro‐1,4,2‐ benzodiazaphosphinines
Authors: Marchenko Anatoliy P. , Koidan Georgiy. N. , Huryeva Anastasia N. , Merkulov Anatoliy S. , Kostyuk Aleksandr N. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA convenient approach to 1,2‐dihydro‐1,4,2‐benzodiazaphosphinines was proposed. The readily available 2‐trichloromethyl‐1,3‐dihydrobenzo[1,3,2]diazaphosphole‐2‐oxide (sulfide or selenide) was found to undergo a rearrangement into the targeted benzodiazaphosphinines by the action of dimethylamide lithium. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:309–313, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.21018
Establishment and characterization of a novel chordoma cell line: CH22
Authors: Liu Xianzhe , Nielsen Gunnlager Petur , Rosenberg Andrew E. , Waterman Peter R. , Yang Wen , Choy Edwin , Sassi Slim , Yang Shuhua , Harmon David C. , Yang Cao , Schwab Joseph H. , Kobayashi Eisuke , Mankin Henry J. , Xavier Ramnik , Weissleder Ralph , Duan Zhenfeng , Hornicek Francis J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractChordoma is a rare primary malignant bone tumor and there exist only a few established human chordoma cell lines. The scarcity of robust chordoma cell lines has limited the ability to study this tumor. In this report, we describe the establishment of a novel chordoma cell line and characterize its in vitro and in vivo behaviors. The tumor tissue was isolated from a patient with recurrent chordoma of the sacrum. After 6 months in culture, the chordoma cell line, referred here as CH22, was established. Microscopic analysis of two‐dimensional culture confirmed that the CH22 cells exhibited a typical vacuolated cytoplasm similar to the well‐established chordoma cell line U‐CH1. Electron microscopy showed cohesive cells with numerous surface filopodia, pockets of glycogen and aggregates of intermediate tonofilaments in cytoplasm. Three‐dimensional culture revealed that the CH22 cells could grow and form clusters by day 8. The MTT assays demonstrated that, compared with sensitive osteosarcoma cell lines, CH22 cells were relatively resistant to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis confirmed that the CH22 cells expressed brachyury, vimentin, and cytokeratin. Finally, histological analysis of CH22 xenograft tumor tissues demonstrated the appearance of physaliphorous cells and positive staining of brachyury, cytokeratin, and S100. By CT and MRI, imaging xenografts showed the typical appearances seen in human chordomas. These findings suggest that the established novel human chordoma cell line CH22 and its tumorigenecity in SCID nude mice may serve as an important model for studying chordoma cell biology and the development of new therapeutic modalities. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1666–1673, 2012
The importance of grouping of lymph node stations and rationale of three‐field lymphoadenectomy for thoracic esophageal cancer
Authors: Udagawa Harushi , Ueno Masaki , Shinohara Hisashi , Haruta Shusuke , Kaida Sachiko , Nakagawa Masatoshi , Tsurumaru Masahiko 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAlthough the three‐field lymphadenectomy has established as a standard operation for esophageal cancer in Japan, criticism remains due to the lack of randomized controlled trials with a high EBM level. This retrospective study aims to clarify the effectiveness of the three‐field lymphadenectomy using the data obtained from 906 consecutive patients with esophageal cancer who underwent R0 esophagectomy with the three‐field lymphadenectomy.MethodEfficacy Index (EI) was calculated for each lymph node station and grossly cervical, mediastinal, or abdominal dissection field. The values of EI were compared according to main tumor location.ResultsCervical lymph node dissection had high EI in upper and middle thoracic esophageal cancer but it was very small in lower esophageal cancer. Abdominal lymphadenectomy for upper thoracic esophageal cancer had some but limited efficacy only in paracardiac and lesser curvature stations. Cervical lymphadenectomy for lower esophageal cancer showed some but limited efficacy only in cervical paraesophageal stations.ConclusionOur investigation clearly shows the effectiveness and importance of wide range lymph node dissection defined as D3 according to the Japanese N‐grouping system for thoracic esophageal cancer. The three‐field lymphadenectomy is regarded as a standard procedure for upper and middle thoracic esophageal cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:742–747. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prenatal management and thoracoamniotic shunting in primary fetal pleural effusions: a single centre experience
Authors: Pellegrinelli J. M. , Kohler A. , Kohler M. , Weingertner A. S. , Favre R. 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTObjectivePrimary fetal pleural effusions are rare. If severe, thoracoamniotic shunting is needed. Our objective was to study the management and outcomes of pleural effusions in our unit.MethodsRetrospective analysis of primary fetal hydrothorax between 1991 and 2010.ResultsOf 41 cases, 23 (56%) were hydropic, and 27 (66%) required shunting.Overall, 2 (4.8%) were diagnosed with a chromosomal condition and 4 (9.6%) with a congenital condition (3 Noonan syndrome, 1 mild structural cardiac defect). There were 5 terminations of pregnancy (TOP), 3 in utero deaths and 33 liveborn neonates (80%). Intact survival rate was 44% (12/27) among those shunted, 56% (23/41) among all cases and 70% (23/33) among all liveborn neonates.Most (87.5%) neonatal deaths occurred in newborns delivered before 34 weeks of gestation. The survival rate was higher in nonhydropic compared with hydropic fetuses (85% vs 47%). There were no procedure‐related fetal losses. One in utero death was complicated by fatal maternal amniotic embolism.ConclusionFetuses with pleural effusions should undergo expert prenatal workup. Hydropic fetuses and those with massive effusions are candidates for thoracoamniotic shunting. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Use of Non‐Equilibrium Plasmas for the Synthesis of Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Witvrouwen Toon , Paulussen Sabine , Sels Bert 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA review of published works in the field of catalyst synthesis and treatment with the use of non‐equilibrium plasma techniques has been composed. Non‐equilibrium plasmas, also called low temperature plasmas, are known for their high reactivity (high electron temperature), while keeping the overall gas temperature low. Non‐equilibrium plasmas are often applied for dry surface modifications as an environment friendly alternative for solvent‐based techniques. In the field of heterogeneous catalysis, non‐equilibrium plasmas are most commonly used for the treatment of catalytically active surfaces. Such applications can result into highly dispersed catalysts with high activity and stability, such as photo‐catalytically active titanium dioxide films. Moreover, (non‐equilibrium) plasma‐assisted chemical vapor deposition can also be used for the synthesis of powder‐like materials used in heterogeneous catalysis for a wide range of applications, for example, ultrafine Fe2O3. The research field is still emerging, but already proves to be very promising, as will be shown in the review.magnified image
Alveolar concentration and bronchial flux of nitric oxide: Two linear modeling methods evaluated in children and adolescents with allergic rhinitis and atopic asthma
Authors: Chládková Jirina , Senkerík Marian , Havlínová Zuzana , Krcmová Irena , Chládek Jaroslav 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveAlveolar concentration (CANO) and bronchial flux (JawNO) of nitric oxide (NO) characterize the contributions of peripheral and proximal airways to exhaled NO. Both parameters can be estimated using a two‐compartment model if the fraction of NO in orally exhaled air (FENO) is measured at multiple constant expiratory flow rates (V). The aim of this study was to evaluate how departures from linearity influence the estimates of CANO and JawNO obtained with the help of linear regression analysis of the relationships between FENO and 1/V (method P), and between the NO output (VNO = FENO × V) and V (method T). Furthermore, differences between patients with atopic asthma (AA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) and between methods P and T were assessed.DesignMeasurements of FENO were performed with a chemiluminiscence analyzer at five levels of V ranging from 50 to 250 ml/sec in school children and adolescents with mild to moderate‐severe AA treated by inhaled corticosteroids (N = 42) and AR (N = 20).ResultsViolation of the linearity condition at V ≤ 100 ml/sec caused shifts between methods with regard to the partition of exhaled NO into alveolar (CANO: P > T) and bronchial (JawNO: T > P) components. Both methods gave similar results in the linear range of 150–250 ml/sec: The mean ratios P/T and limits of agreement calculated in AA and AR patients were 1.03 (0.49–1.56) and 1.07 (0.55–1.59) for CANO and 1.03 (0.73–1.33) and 0.99 (0.90–1.10) for JawNO, respectively. No significant differences between AA and AR were found in CANO and JawNO calculated in the linear range by the T method {medians (inter‐quartile ranges): 1.7 ppb (0.9–3.9) vs. 2.3 ppb (0.8–3.7), P = 0.91; 1,800 pl/sec (950–3,560) vs. 1,180 pl/sec (639–1,950), P = 0.061}. However, the flow‐dependency of the estimates was markedly higher in AA than in AR patients: CANO was decreased 2.8‐fold vs. 1.5‐fold and JawNO was increased 1.5‐fold vs. 1.2‐fold in the linear range as compared to the range of 50–250 ml/sec. In both groups, the median standard errors (SE) of the JawNO estimates were similar for the metods P and T and small (<15%) regardless of the range for expiratory flows. The precision of CANO estimates was less in all ranges. For both methods, the SE of the estimates obtained in the range of 150–250 ml/sec exceeded 50% in asthmatics and 30% in AR patients, respectively.The results show that FENO has to be measured at several expiratory flows ≥100 ml/sec for the accurate estimation of CANO and JawNO using linear methods P and T in children and adolescents with AA and AR. A stepwise procedure for detecting nonlinearity and evaluating the quality of FENO measurements is suggested. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012. 47:1070–1079. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Non invasive positive pressure ventilation in infants with respiratory failure
Authors: Cavari Yuval , Sofer Shaul , Rozovski Uri , Lazar Isaac 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether non‐invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) delivered via nasal prongs can alleviate the need for tracheal intubation and invasive ventilation in infants admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) with impending respiratory failure, and to find predictive factors for success or failure with this mode.DesignA single center retrospective cohort study.SettingPICU in a university affiliated hospital.PatientsDuring the 14 months of the study period we recovered 22 NIPPV episodes in 19 infants (median age 65 days) with impending respiratory failure. The patient's respiratory failure etiologies were bronchiolitis (n = 13), pertussis (n = 3), and other respiratory conditions (n = 6).Measurements and ResultsIn 64% of the cases, intubation was prevented and the patients were weaned off to spontaneous breathing (Responders group). 36% failed NIPPV and had to be intubated and invasively ventilated (Non‐responders group). Apneic episodes were the indication for ventilation in 11 patients (50%) with a 73% success rate in preventing invasive ventilation. Hypoxemic respiratory failure was present in nine patients (41%) and the rate of success was 44%. Two patients with post extubation respiratory distress, improved with NIPPV. Responders and non‐responders did not differ with regard to demographics or disease severity prior to initiation of NIPPV. After initiating NIPPV respiratory rate and the need for sedation were lower in the NIPPV responders.ConclusionsIn a set group of patient population such as infants with apnea secondary to bronchiolitis NIPPV may be successful to reduce the need for invasive ventilation. Our study failed to detect any physiological or clinical markers which could distinguish between so called “responders” and “non‐responders” before initiating NIPPV. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012. 47:1019–1025. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Kinetics of thermally induced heat shock protein 27 and 70 expression by bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Moloney Teresa C. , Hoban Deirdre B. , Barry Frank P. , Howard Linda , Dowd Eilís 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAlthough bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an attractive cell therapy candidate, their potential is limited by poor survival following transplantation. Over‐expression of anti‐apoptotic heat shock proteins using viral vectors can improve the survival of these cells under stressful conditions in vitro and in vivo. It is also possible to induce heat shock protein expression in many cell types by simply exposing them to a transient, nonlethal elevation in temperature. The response profile of MSCs to such a thermal stress has not yet been reported. Therefore, this study sought to determine the kinetics of thermally induced heat shock protein expression by MSCs in vitro. To determine if heat shock protein expression was a function of thermal stress exposure time, MSCs were exposed to 42°C for 15, 30, 45, and 60 min and were harvested 24 h later. To establish the time‐course of heat shock protein expression, MSCs were heat shocked for 60 min and harvested 2, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h later. The cells were then analyzed for Hsp27 and Hsp70 expression by Western blot. Densitometric analysis revealed that exposure to a thermal stress induced expression of both Hsp27 and Hsp70 and that the level of expression was dependant on stress exposure time. Following 60 min of heat stress, both Hsp27 and Hsp70 accumulated maximal expression after 48 h with both proteins returning to constitutive expression levels by 120 h. This study demonstrates that heat shock protein expression can be induced in MSCs by a simple thermal stress.
Assessing the reconstruction of macromolecular assemblies with toleranced models
Authors: Dreyfus Tom , Doye Valérie , Cazals Frédéric 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe introduce toleranced models (TOMs), a generic and versatile framework meant to handle models of macromolecular assemblies featuring uncertainties on the shapes and the positions of proteins. A TOM being a continuum of nested shapes, the inner (resp. outer) ones representing high (low) confidence regions, we present topological and geometric statistics assessing features of this continuum at multiple scales. While the topological statistics qualify contacts between instances of protein types and complexes involving prescribed protein types, the geometric statistics scale the geometric accuracy of these complexes. We validate the TOM framework on recent average models of the entire nuclear pore complex (NPC) obtained from reconstruction by data integration, and confront our quantitative analysis against experimental findings related to complexes of the NPC, namely the Y‐complex, the T‐complex, and the Nsp1–Nup82–Nup159 complex. In the three cases, our analysis bridges the gap between global qualitative models of the entire NPC, and atomic resolution models or putative models of the aforementioned complexes. In a broader perspective, the quantitative assessments provided by the TOM framework should prove instrumental to implement a virtuous loop “model reconstruction–model selection”, in the context of reconstruction by data integration. Proteins 2012; © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.