bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified scarf osteotomy has a possible capability to be indicated against very severe hallux valgus deformity
Authors: Noguchi Takaaki , Hirao Makoto , Tabuse Yuki , Higuchi Yusei , Ebina Kosuke , Etani Yuki , Okamura Gensuke , Tsuboi Hideki , Okada Seiji , Hashimoto Jun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Generally, scarf osteotomy is recommended for moderate-severe hallux valgus (HV) deformity. Although severe HV deformity is defined to be more than 40 degree (°), this definition of angular setting includes broad range of HV angle (HVA). Actually, very severe HV deformity such as more than 60° of the HVA is often seen. At present, whether scarf osteotomy would truly contribute to maintaining the correction status against such very severe deformity is elusive. Then, in this study corrective effectiveness of modified scarf osteotomy including very severe deformity (HVA ≥ 60°) was evaluated.
Methods:
A retrospective, observational study of 93 feet [mean follow-up: 56.0 months after the surgery] was performed. Hallux scores of the Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF), a self-administered foot evaluation questionnaire (SAFE-Q), and pre-postoperative radiographic parameters were evaluated. The patients were categorized into three groups [44 feet: (mildly severe) 40° ≤ HVA < 50°, 30 feet: (moderately severe) 50° ≤ HVA < 60°, 19 feet: (very severe) 60° ≤ HVA].
Results:
Both JSSF hallux and SAFE-Q score showed significant improvement in all groups, except social activity score in SAFE-Q, in very severe cases (P = 0.08). HVA also significantly improved in all groups without significant change of the HVA between post 1-month and final follow-up in each groups. No difference was seen among the three groups in complications after surgery and frequency of recurrence of HV deformity.
Conclusion:
Modified scarf osteotomy has sufficient possible capability to be indicated against very severe (HVA ≥ 60°) deformity, however it might be recommended until getting 60° of HVA in the perspective of clinical score improvement.
Level of evidence:
Level III
Distinct Cadmium detoxicity response between rice cultivars carrying functional or loss-of-function OsHMA3 allele
Authors: Sui Fuqing , Tian Jing , Yang Ziyuan , Yang Yanzheng , Li Chang , Liu Hongen , Yan Jiali , Zhao Peng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Plant faces various types of abiotic stress during their growth, making it crucial to understand how they respond to such stress. This study aimed to investigate the differences in Cd detoxicity response in rice cultivars with functional or loss-of-function OsHMA3 allele. The experiment involved analyzing growth and photosynthetic indexes, root configuration, antioxidant enzymes, cell ultrastructural changes, subcellular Cd fraction, and Cd species in rice seedlings exposed to different Cd concentrations. The findings showed that Cd significantly inhibited growth in rice seedlings, with greater reductions observed in OsHMA3 loss-of-function allele cultivars. The cultivar exhibited enhanced cell ultrastructural damage and higher Cd accumulation in above-ground tissues when compared to that with functional OsHMA3 gene. Overall, this study highlights the importance of OsHMA3 gene in Cd detoxicity responses, providing valuable insights into plant Cd detoxicity mechanisms and the safe utilization of Cd-contaminated soils.
Galcanezumab Add-on in Refractory Cluster Headache
Authors: Karagiorgis Georgios , Christofilos Savvas , Deligianni Christina , Spanou Ioanna , Vassilopoulou Sofia , Mitsikostas Dimos-Dimitrios D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Cluster headache (CH), currently one of the most painful conditions, lacks a well-established, disease specific, and mechanism-based prophylactic treatment. Galganezumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting the calcitonin gene-related peptide, reduced the weekly attacks of CH in one randomized, placebo-controlled trial for the prevention of episodic CH (eCH), but this effect was not detected in people with chronic CH (cCH).
Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of galcanezumab for the prevention of CH in people with refractory CH in a real-world setting.
Methods: In this observational study, we systematically monitored the efficacy and safety outcomes of adjunctive therapy in patients with refractory CH (failure of ≥3 prophylactic treatments) who received galcanezumab (120–360 mg monthly) for 3 consecutive months. A detailed headache diary with monthly in-person follow-ups was used. All participants received intermediate treatment with oral steroids or a great occipital nerve block ≥2 months before starting galcanezumab treatment.
Results: Data from 11 people with CH (eCH n=5, cCH, n=6) were collected. After galcanezumab treatment, the average number of weekly CH attacks and weekly days with any symptomatic treatment for CH decreased significantly from 16.0±9.4 and 6.50±3.59 before treatment to 1.8±1.32 (p=0.002) and 1.8±3.36 (p=0.001) at month 3 of treatment, respectively.Two participants with cCH showed no change in the number of attacks with galcanezumab. No serious adverse events were recorded.
Conclusion: These data, along with those of previous real-world reports, suggest that galcanezumab may help people with refractory CH as an add-on treatment.
Whole-Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Staging Patients with High-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: Fang Andrew , Chapin Brian , Shi Charles , Sun Jia , Qayyum Aliya , Kundra Vikas , Corn Paul , Kuban Deborah , Ravizzini Gregory , Surasi Devaki , Ma Jingfei , Bathala Tharakeswala 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Staging patients with high-risk prostate cancer (HRPCa) with conventional imaging of computed tomography (CT) and bone scintigraphy (BS) is suboptimal. Therefore, we aimed to compare the accuracy of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) with conventional imaging to stage patients with HRPCa.
Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients with newly diagnosed HRPCa (prostate‐specific antigen≥20 ng/ml and/or Grade Group≥4). Patients underwent BS, CT of the abdomen and pelvis, and WBMRI within 30 days of evaluation. The primary endpoint was the diagnostic performances of detecting metastatic disease to the lymph nodes and bone for WBMRI and conventional imaging. The reference standard was defined by histopathology or by all available clinical information at 6 months of follow-up. To compare diagnostic tests, Exact McNemar’s test and area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristics curves were utilized.
Results: Among 92 patients enrolled, 15 (16.3%) and 8 (8.7%) patients were found to have lymphatic and bone metastases, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of WBMRI in detecting lymphatic metastases were 0.60 (95% confidence interval 0.32-0.84), 0.84 (0.74-0.92), and 0.80 (0.71-0.88), respectively, while CT were 0.20 (0.04-0.48), 0.92 (0.84-0.97), and 0.80 (0.71-0.88). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of WBMRI to detect bone metastases were 0.25 (0.03-0.65), 0.94 (0.87-0.98), and 0.88 (0.80-0.94), respectively, while CT and BS were 0.12 (0-0.53), 0.94 (0.87-0.98), and 0.87 (0.78-0.93). For evaluating lymphatic metastases, WBMRI demonstrated a higher sensitivity (p=0.031) and discrimination compared to CT (0.72 versus 0.56, p=0.019).
Conclusions: For staging patients with HRPCa, WBMRI outperforms CT in the detection of lymphatic metastases and performs as well as CT and BS in the detection of bone metastases. Further studies are needed to assess the cost effectiveness of WBMRI and the utility of combined PSMA PET and WBMRI.
Investigating Second-Level Digital Divides in Nationwide Mobile Service Consumption
Authors: Mishra Sachit , Smoreda Zbigniew , Fiore Marco 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The widespread availability of inexpensive mobile broadband has democratized access to digital services in developed countries. While this has supposedly closed digital divides among the population, more subtle inequalities may still be present that are not driven by the accessibility to mobile services, rather by the heterogeneous capability of individuals to take advantage from those services. This paper focuses on the existence of imbalances in the consumption of mobile services across France using mobile traffic measurement data. We unveil that per-capita mobile traffic demands follow in fact a power law of the local population size, or, equivalently, there exists an emergent behavior that prompts subscribers living in larger urban areas to exhibit higher individual usage of mobile services. The result holds for global traffic, but is consistent across various mobile services, although with varying intensity. Our findings reveal the presence of potential second-level digital divides in developed countries and, surprisingly, show that such divides have steadily increased in France between 2014 and 2019. Moreover, we show how the phenomenon defies explanation by potential confounding factors like broad-band coverage, socioeconomic status, commuting, or inhabitant’s age, but has been indirectly mitigated by the recent containment measures enacted to combat COVID-19.
Robust Prescribed-Time Control for Fully Actuated Fixed-Wing Multirotor Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Silva João Filipe , Ricardo Jorge Antonio , Santos Davi Antonio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper is concerned with the robust position and attitude control of fully actuated fixed-wing multirotor aerial vehicles in the presence of disturbances and model uncertainties. To address this problem, we formulate the system using the vehicle's nonlinear equations of motion considering the aerodynamic effects of the fixed wing as an additional disturbance. Then, we propose disturbance-observer-based attitude and position control laws using hybrid prescribed-time algorithms to control the vehicle and estimate model uncertainties and disturbances in two stages. In the first stage, the aforementioned algorithms employ nonautonomous formulations to ensure the convergence of the tracking and estimation errors to the origin in a prescribed time interval. Subsequently, in the second stage, the algorithms assume autonomous formulations to ensure robust stability of the errors over the infinite time domain. The proposed method is numerically evaluated, showing to be effective in providing the prescribed-time convergence of the tracking errors to zero and keeping them there afterwards.
Anatomical evaluations of the adipose tissue surrounding the flexor hallucis longus tendon: A study using gross anatomy and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kawada Tatsuhito , Shinohara Yasushi , Kurihara Toshiyuki , Satake Hayato , Itokawa Kana , Fukuyoshi Masaki , Hayashi Norio , Sugimoto Katsumasa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of adipose tissue surrounding the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon through gross dissection and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Grossly, we observed the flexor hallucis longus tendon and surrounding tissues in nine cadavers. Using MRI, we quantitatively evaluated each tissue from the horizontal plane in 40 healthy ankles. Macroscopic autopsy revealed the presence of adipose tissue behind the ankle joint between the flexor hallucis longus and fibula, and horizontal cross-sections showed an oval-shaped adipose tissue surrounding the tendon. The cross-sectional area on MRI was 14.4 mm2 (11.7–16.7) for the flexor hallucis longus tendon and 120.5 mm2 (100.3–149.4) for the adipose tissue. Additionally, the volume of the adipose tissue was 963.3 mm3 (896.2–1,115.6). We demonstrated that the presence of adipose tissue surrounding the flexor hallucis longus tendon may be involved in the function and pathological conditions of the tendon.
A novel double mutation of SASH1 associated with Generalized Lentiginosis and unilateral renal dysplasia: pedigree survey and literature review
Authors: Du Jiang , Liang Guobiao , Wu Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A 19-year-old female patient, diagnosed with generalized lentiginosis and the right renal dysplasia, had all other systems found to be normal. Whole exome sequencing identified double heterozygous missense mutations, c.1029C > T and c.1566C > A, in the SASH1 gene. Her parents each carry a single-site mutation, c.1029C > T, and do not exhibit the similar lentiginous phenotype. According to the literature, both mutation sites are unprecedented, with the c.1566C > A variation representing a novel occurrence within this lineage. The primary pathogenic mutation was identified at c.1566C > A, while the evidence for the pathogenicity of c.1029C > T remains insufficient. There are currently no reported cases in the literature where this gene mutation has led to such symptoms. This finding not only contributes to the expansion of the human gene mutation repository but also provides crucial insights for the genetic counseling of the patient and her relatives. During these consultations, it is essential to elucidate the characteristics and implications of these mutations to accurately gauge the patient's risk factors and inform future familial health decisions.
Elucidating the biological activities of thiadazole derivatives against Vibrio cholerae: Insights from DFT, spectroscopic studies, molecular docking and ADMET
Authors: Edim Moses M. , Ateb Bethel C. , Izachi Friday O. , Assam Precious K. , Gulack Alpha O. , Imojara Anna , Abeng Fidelis E. , Nna Prince J. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Cholera has become one of the major global health challenges, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, where there is poor hygiene and sanitation, and due to the emergence of a resistant strain of the causative agent of cholera, there is a need for new therapeutic agents. Thiadiazoles are organic compounds that have been reported to have various biological applications. This study comprehensively analysed the structural, electronic, and biological properties of N1,N10-bis(5-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3yl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-decane-diamide, a thiadiazole derivative (TDZD) as an agent against cholera via theoretical approaches. Computational analyses were conducted employing the B3LYP/6-311 + + 2d,2p level of theory, which provided substantial insights. Vibrational assignments via FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the excellent agreement between the theoretical and reported experimental values, confirming the structural stability of the ligand. The electronic property analysis revealed slight variations in the electrophilicity index of the compound across solvents, with the highest (5.790 eV) in water and the lowest (5.753 eV) in the gas phase. Additionally, the high electronegativity values in all solvents, following the order of water (4.640 eV), DMSO (4.639 eV), ethanol (4.637 eV), and gas (4.584 eV), indicated ligand reactivity. Furthermore, molecular docking results indicated distinctive interactions between the ligand and the 1XTC and 6EHB cholera receptor proteins. A higher binding score was observed between the ligand and 1XTC, with a binding score of -7.6 kcal/mol, than between the ligand and 6EHB, with a binding score of -7.1 kcal/mol. Furthermore, the drug amoxicillin (AMOX) showed a comparable binding score of -7.8 kcal/mol for 1XTC and − 7.4 kcal/mol for 6EHB. The obtained results suggest the biological potential of TDZD as an anti-cholera agent and can be the foundation for further studies.
Compare the outcome of different scleral fixation (SFIOL) and retropupillary iris-claw intraocular lens (RPICIOL) in correcting aphakia: a meta-analysis
Authors: Bulbanat Ali , Alqabandi Yousef , Kankoni Mohammad , Aljassar Faisal 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Importance: The varied techniques for aphakia correction, each with its different surgical complexity and duration, necessitate a comparative evaluation focused on postoperative complications, such as iris damage and raised intraocular pressure, to guide tailored surgical decisions for personalized patient care.
Objective: To compare the postoperative outcomes of retropupillary iris-claw and various scleral fixation intraocular lenses in aphakia correction.
Data Sources: Systematic review of studies from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Google Scholar from 2011-2024, including unpublished grey literature
Study Selection: Selection was limited to studies directly comparing RPICIOL with SFIOL techniques reporting specific outcomes such as iris damage, intraocular pressure changes, and visual acuity. Inclusion criteria were applied through a systematic, independent review by dual researchers.
Data Extraction and Synthesis: PRISMA guidelines were adhered to, and two independent reviewers abstracted data. A random-effects model was primarily used, with a fixed-effect model applied in cases of low heterogeneity. Effect sizes were calculated via standardized mean differences and odds ratios.
Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes included Best Corrected Visual Acuity and incidences of iris damage, rise in intraocular pressure, retinal detachment, and cystoid macular edema at six months postoperatively
Results: Best Corrected Visual Acuity at six months postoperatively favored the iris-claw over the Yamane method with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.0592 (95% CI: [0.0166, 0.1018], p=0.0065). The iris-claw was associated with an increased risk of iris damage when compared to Yamane and prolene 10.0 suture methods OR of 8.65 (95% CI: [2.51, 29.80]), and 2.80 (95% CI: [1.05, 7.46]) respectively, however, it had a lower risk of a rise in IOP at six months postoperatively when compared to prolene 10.0 suture with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.44 (95% CI: [0.24, 0.79]. In addition, no significant difference in cystoid macular edema or retinal detachment at six months postoperatively was observed among the various techniques.
Conclusion and Relevance: This study suggests that while the iris claw technique may carry a higher risk of iris damage, it has some advantages in terms of shorter surgical time, lower incidence of raised IOP when compared to the prolene 10.0 suture, with comparable postoperative outcomes, including, BCVA, RD, and CME.
Genome-wide identification of key genes responding to salt stress in Populus alba
Authors: Bian Xiu-Yan , Xue Yuan , Jiang Peng-Fei , Zeng Qing-Yin , Liu Yan-Jing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The molecular mechanism of forest trees responding to salt stress remains poorly understood. As a fast-growing and widely adapted tree species, Populus alba is planted in the world. Understanding the molecular mechanism of P. alba responding to salt stress is helpful to improve the yield of P. alba artificial forest in salinized land.
Results
This study investigated the phenotypic and physiological characteristics of P. alba seedlings under 300 mM NaCl stress. After seven days of salt stress, the leaves of P. alba turned yellow and fell off. Whether under normal growth conditions or salt stress, CAT activities in roots were significantly higher than that in leaves. The root viability of P. alba decreased significantly within 2 h of salt treatment, but gradually increased after 2 h of salt treatment. Intercellular CO2 concentration of leaves of P. alba increased significantly after 72 h of salt treatment, while other photosynthetic parameters decreased significantly after 72 h of salt stress. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in leaves of P. alba decreased gradually after 9 h of salt stress. The ratio of Na+/K+ in roots and leaves of P. alba gradually increased after 1 and 2 h of salt stress, respectively. ABA and cytokinin contents in roots and leaves of P. alba under salt stress were increased significantly. Time-series transcriptomes of roots, stems, leaves, and apical buds of P. alba under NaCl stress were analyzed. Based on gene expression, physiological and biochemical data in P. alba under salt stress, we performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Thirty-two candidate key genes of P. alba responding to salt stress were identified. Twenty-four candidate key genes showed salt tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Especially for the four genes (Poalb01G005590, Poalb16G007310, Poalb01G036340, and Poalb06G010440), each exhibited strong tolerance to different kinds of salt stress.
Conclusion
The results of this study provide a new insight into the molecular mechanism of trees responding to salt stress.
Cognitive Update and Fast Recovery Using Machine Learning and Parity Delta Shareability for Erasure-Coded Storage Systems
Authors: Wei Bing , Shi Jiaqi , Su Xiaosong , Zhou Lijuan , Zhang Shudong , Luo Ning , Wu Yi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Erasure-coded systems require simultaneous updating of data chunks and parity chunks, thereby leading to high input/output (I/O) overhead. Following these updates, the most recent data and parity deltas are dispersed randomly in the log, which results in prolonged recovery time. This study introduces a novel approach named MPLR, which is specifically designed to expedite erasure-coded data updating and recovery. MPLR uses machine learning to categorize files into non-read-only and read-only classes, and then performs updates based on these classifications. For non-read-only files, MPLR applies in-place updates for data chunks and log-based updates for parity chunks, while setting aside disk space adjacent to the parity chunk to minimize disk seeks. For read-only files, MPLR likewise employs a mixture of in-place data updates and log-based parity updates, although without reserving space next to parity chunks. In regard to data recovery, MPLR enhances speed by accessing the parity delta stored in the allocated disk space. To further boost recovery acceleration, MPLR reads the parity delta in parallel and reduces the volume of parity delta leveraging the shareable aspects of the parity delta. Experimental results confirm the efficiency of MPLR in significantly improving update and recovery performances, compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.
Huygens Synchronization of Three Aligned Clocks
Authors: Buescu Jorge , D'Aniello Emma , Oliveira Henrique M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study examines the synchronization of three identical oscillators
arranged in an array and coupled by small impacts, wherein each oscillator
interacts solely with its nearest neighbor. The synchronized state, which is
asymptotically stable, is
characterized by phase opposition among alternating oscillators. We analyze the system
using a non-linear discrete dynamical system based on a difference equation derived from
the iteration
of a plane diffeomorphism. We illustrate these results with the application to a system of three aligned Andronov clocks, showcasing their applicability to a broad range of oscillator systems.