bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidermal growth factor receptor overexpression in malignant pleural mesothelioma: Prognostic correlations
Authors: Rena Ottavio , Boldorini Luciano R , Gaudino Erica , Casadio Caterina 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) phenotypic expression and related gene status in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and to correlate the results with patients' prognosis.MethodEighty‐three cases of MPM specimens were submitted to immunohistochemical (IHC) staining to evaluate the expression of EGFR protein; positive cases were submitted to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to investigate the gene status. Results were correlated with clinico‐pathological characteristics and long‐term survival.ResultsThirty‐eight cases (46%) demonstrated a positive IHC reaction [30/57 (52%) epithelial and 8/20 (40%) biphasic whereas sarcomatous MPM were negative]. No association was recorded between EGFR IHC positive staining and age, gender, or asbestos exposure. Three out of 38 (8%) cases submitted to FISH were positive revealing gene amplification or polysomy. Mean follow‐up was 15.4 months (range 2–44). Epithelial subtype only was confirmed to affect prognosis (2‐years survival rate 40 vs. 18% for non‐epithelial subtype, P = 0.042). When epithelial MPM patients were considered, IHC EGFR positive staining was demonstrated to be a negative prognostic factor (2‐years survival rate 26 vs. 60% for IHC EGFR negative staining; P = 0.026).ConclusionsEGFR overexpression is identified by IHC in 52% of epithelial MPM and is demonstrated to be a factor negatively affecting prognosis. Phenotypic overexpression seems not to be related to gene status alteration. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011; 104:701–705. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
REDUCING SHALLOW LANDSLIDE OCCURRENCE IN PASTORAL HILL COUNTRY USING WIDE‐SPACED TREES
Authors: Douglas G. B. , Mcivor I. R. , Manderson A. K. , Koolaard J. P. , Todd M. , Braaksma S. , Gray R. A. J. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTShallow landslides occur globally on soil‐mantled hilly and mountainous terrain. In New Zealand, they are a nation‐wide problem, particularly on pastoral hill country grazed by livestock. On these landscapes, trees are planted at low densities, often <70 stems per hectare (sph), to reduce landslide occurrence, but there has been limited quantification of their effectiveness in this role. This study determined the reduction in landslide occurrence at 65 sites planted with spaced trees (53 × Populus, 6 × Salix, 6 × Eucalyptus) following rainstorm events. Sites had a mean slope angle of 27 degrees and soils were predominantly silt or sand‐loams. Tree density across all sites was 32–65 sph, height was 8–43 m, canopy radius was 1–10 m and trunk diameter was 18–99 cm. Trees reduced landslide occurrence by 95 per cent compared to paired pasture control sites (0·4 per cent vs. 7·9 per cent scar area, respectively), and scars occurred on fewer sites with trees than pasture (10 vs. 45). For the 10 tree sites with scars, their area was <3·5 per cent, except at one site where it was 11·3 per cent. There were no significant differences between species in their effectiveness in reducing landslide occurrence. Analyses were partially successful in discriminating between sites with and without shallow landslides and identified some attributes with potentially useful discriminatory power. Aspect, mean slope angle and tree density did not feature significantly in the analyses because they were homogeneous across site groups. The study verified the large benefit from wide‐spaced tree planting on sites susceptible to shallow landslides. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
RANGELAND DEGRADATION ON THE QINGHAI‐TIBET PLATEAU: IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION
Authors: Li X.‐L. , Gao J. , Brierley G. , Qiao Y.‐M. , Zhang J. , Yang Y.‐W. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTWith ever intensifying land use, land degradation is becoming an increasingly important issue around the world, especially in China. This paper evaluates the extent and underlying causes of rangeland degradation on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in China through a comprehensive review of the literature. Diverse forms and differing intensities of rangeland degradation have been reported in several regions of the Plateau. Rangeland degradation is particularly severe in South Qinghai, North Tibet and the Qaidam Basin. Anthropogenic activities, especially changing land use practices, are identified as the primary force driving rangeland degradation. Dissimilar to climate change‐induced degradation, such anthropogenic degradation is a rather short‐term process altering the abiotic properties of the underlying soil. On the basis of these findings, we assessed the prospects of rehabilitating degraded rangeland to productive uses. Different measures are proposed to rehabilitate rangelands that have been degraded by different mechanisms. Reduction in grazing intensity is prescribed to rehabilitate reversibly degraded rangelands. Targeted human intervention in the forms of selective planting of grasses and artificial seeding, in conjunction with ecological and biological control of the plateau rodent population, is recommended to rehabilitate ‘irreversibly’ degraded rangelands. Our studies suggest it is very difficult or even impossible to rehabilitate new assemblage of species which appear as a result of climate change. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cobordism invariance of the family index
Authors: Carvalho Catarina C. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractWe give a K‐theory proof of the invariance under cobordism of the family index. We consider elliptic pseudodifferential families on a continuous fibre bundle with smooth fibres \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$M\hookrightarrow \mbox{$\cal M$}\rightarrow B$\end{document}, and define a notion of cobordant families using K1‐groups on fibrations with boundary. We show that the index of two such families is the same using properties of the push‐forward map in K‐theory to reduce it to families on \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$B\times \mathbb {R}^n$\end{document}.
Self‐adjoint extensions for singular linear Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Sun Huaqing , Shi Yuming 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis paper is concerned with self‐adjoint extensions for singular linear Hamiltonian systems. The domain of the closure of the corresponding minimal Hamiltonian operator is described by the properties of its elements at the endpoints of the discussed interval, and two different decompositions of the domain of the corresponding maximal Hamiltonian operator are provided. Based on them, complete and direct characterizations of all the self‐adjoint extensions for a Hamiltonian system are obtained in terms of square integrable solutions. As a consequence, the characterizations of all the self‐adjoint extensions are given for systems in the two special cases: the limit point case and limit circle case. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Cognitive correlates of visual hallucinations in dementia associated with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Bronnick Kolbjorn , Emre Murat , Tekin Sibel , Haugen Siri B. , Aarsland Dag 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBackground:There may be a relationship between cognitive impairment and visual hallucinations (VHs) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of this study was to compare the cognitive profile of hallucinating vs. nonhallucinating patients with Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD).Methods:The cognitive profile of 86 PDD patients with hallucinations was compared with that of a carefully matched PDD group without hallucinations, all drawn from the baseline assessments of the EXPRESS study with rivastigmine. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify cognitive measures that have an independent relationship with presence of hallucinations.Results:Worse choice reaction time was the only independent predictor of hallucinations in the logistic regression. A further analysis of the reaction time tasks showed that response selection deficit as opposed to stimulus discrimination deficit was the main difference between the groups.Discussion:These results indicate that attentional control is an important cognitive correlate of VHs in patients with PDD. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Depression comorbidity in spinocerebellar ataxia
Authors: Schmitz‐Hübsch Tanja , Coudert Mathieu , Tezenas du Montcel Sophie , Giunti Paola , Labrum Robyn , Dürr Alexandra , Ribai Pascale , Charles Perrine , Linnemann Christoph , Schöls Ludger , Rakowicz Maryla , Rola Rafal , Zdzienicka Elszbieta , Fancellu Roberto , Mariotti Caterina , Baliko Lazlo , Melegh Bela , Filla Alessandro , Salvatore Elena , van de Warrenburg Bart P.C. , Szymanski Sandra , Infante Jon , Timmann Dagmar , Boesch Sylvia , Depondt Chantal , Kang Jun‐Suk , Schulz Jörg B. , Klopstock Thomas , Lossnitzer Nicole , Löwe Bernd , Frick Caroline , Rottländer Daniela , Schlaepfer Thomas E. , Klockgether Thomas 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis is a description of the prevalence and profile of depressive symptoms in dominant spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). Depressive symptoms were assessed in a convenience sample of 526 genetically confirmed and clinically affected patients (117 SCA1, 163 SCA2, 139 SCA3, and 107 SCA6) using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). In addition, depressive status according to the examiner and the use of antidepressants was recorded. Depression self‐assessment was compared with an interview‐based psychiatric assessment in a subset of 26 patients. Depression prevalence estimates were 17.1% according to the PHQ algorithm and 15.4% when assessed clinically. The sensitivity of clinical impression compared with PHQ classification was low (0.35), whereas diagnostic accuracy of PHQ compared with psychiatric interview in the subset was high. Antidepressants were used by 17.7% of patients and in >10% of patients without current clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Depression profile in SCA did not differ from a sample of patients with major depressive disorder except for the movement‐related item. Neither depression prevalence nor use of antidepressants differed between genetic subtypes, with only sleep disturbance more common in SCA3. In a multivariate analysis, ataxia severity and female sex independently predicted depressive status in SCA. The PHQ algorithmic classification is appropriate for use in SCA but should stimulate further psychiatric evaluation if depression is indicated. Despite a higher risk for depression with more severe disease, the relation of depressive symptoms to SCA neurodegeneration remains to be shown. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Study of Stratosphere‐troposphere exchange events of ozone in India and Greece using ozonesonde ascents
Authors: Ganguly Nandita D. , Tzanis Chris 
Published: March 2011

AbstractStratosphere‐troposphere Exchange (STE) is an important factor controlling the budget of ozone in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Studies of STE events in India are so far restricted to co‐ordinated campaigns, and measurements over longer periods are relatively scarce. In the light of this observation, this paper aims to identify the Indian latitudes most likely to be affected by STE, the frequency of occurrence of shallow and deep STE events, the depth up to which the ozone from the stratosphere descends into the troposphere during STE events and the resultant trend of ozone in the troposphere under the possible influence of STE over the 24 years from 1982 to 2006. In addition, a case study of the STE of ozone, which occurred during a cut‐off low event at Athens, Greece, is presented in order to understand the parameters that may contribute to the evolution of these events. It is concluded that STE plays a minor role in the Indian tropospheric ozone budget. On the whole, the occurrence of STE events in India is found to increase with increase in latitude and occur more frequently during winter followed by summer. The occurrence of deep STE is higher at high latitudes while the occurrence of shallow STE is higher at low latitudes. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Scale‐invariant rainstorm hazard modelling for slopeland warning
Authors: Diodato Nazzareno , Petrucci Olga , Bellocchi Gianni 
Published: March 2011

AbstractPeriods characterized by heavy rain and storms can trigger Multiple Damaging Hydrological Events (MDHE), in turn developing flooding, erosion, downpours and other phenomena affecting human habitats and ecosystems. However, approaches and applications to model MDHE and weather warning under specific environmental conditions are still poor. Based on the interpretation of the rainstorm—MDHE relationship, it was reconsidered and extended to a model‐based rainstorms hazard index (RHI) developed in a previous paper, where rainstorm‐pulsing force and resistance state are combined. In this way, landscape response was achieved by individual formative rainfall events, while the specific sequence of events that can affect landscape was only assessed in a qualitative way. A retrospective evaluation of rainstorm hazard modelling, control runs, are also given for different precipitation durations (from 1 to 240 h), to be compared with MDHE at two test‐sites of Southern Italy (Benevento, Campania region; Scilla, Calabria region). For these sites, the complete series of historical MDHE which occurred during a 10 year period (1997–2008) was gathered and used to validate the results of the rainfall model. The tool is relatively simple and potentially attractive to rapidly prediction of adverse consequences of rainstorms. Perspectives for real‐time applications in emergency planning are ultimately given for an agenda in future research. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
A compact low power ultra wideband impulse generator on 0.18 μM CMOS technology
Authors: Dong Ruibing , Pokharel Ramesh K. , Kanaya Haruichi , Yoshida Keiji 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article presents a compact ultra wideband (UWB) impulse generator (IG) with special shaping circuit that can operate intermittently.The pulse last for 4 ns and the measured −10 dB bandwidth is about 460 MHz. The UWB IG employs biphase shift keying (BPSK) scrambling and the power consumption is 7.3 mW at a repetition frequency of 125 Mbps. It was fabricated using Taiwan Semi‐conductor Manufacture Company (TSMC) 0.18 μm CMOS process. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1128–1131, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25890
Dual‐band bandpass filter using stepped‐impedance stub‐loaded hexagonal stepped impedance resonator (SIR)
Authors: Luo Xun , Ma Jian‐Guo , Li Erping 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn this article, a series of compact dual‐band bandpass filters are proposed using the stepped‐impedance stub loaded hexagonal stepped‐impedance resonator. The resonator has three functions in the filter as follow: (1) dual‐resonances operation introduced by the first‐ and second‐resonance modes to dominate two passbands, (2) independent control of the operated frequencies of both passbands, (3) flexible configuration of the resonators implemented‐scheme for specific bandwidth requirement. Then, based on the proposed resonator, two dual‐band bandpass filters with wide‐ and narrow‐passbands are fabricated, respectively. Good agreement between the measured and simulated results demonstrates the design feasibility of the dual‐band bandpass filters. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1147–1150, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25894
Design of a compact wideband high‐gain microstrip grid array antenna
Authors: Wang Guosheng , Lin Shuiyang , Fang Weidong , Zhang Wuxiong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA compact wideband high‐gain microstrip grid array antenna is presented.The antenna is printed on a dielectric substrate, backed by a metal board, and directly fed from a 50 Ω coaxial cable. It adopts elliptical radiation elements to enhance its impedance, gain bandwidths, and sinusoid lines to reduce its size. Structural parameters of a proposed antenna with seven radiation elements were optimized by a parallel genetic algorithm on a cluster system. A prototype antenna was fabricated and tested. Results of simulation and measurement agree well and show the antenna exhibits encouraging properties, for example, a S11 < −10 dB bandwidth of 25.1% and a 3 dB gain‐drop bandwidth of 16.5%, both of which are much wider than that of conventional grid array antennas, as well as a maximum gain of approximately 13.8 dBi with an area‐reduction factor of 46%. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1144–1147, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25895
Experimental study of electromagnetic band gaps using plasmas or defaults in a metallic photonic crystal
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh 
Published: March 2011

AbstractAn attempt is made to control microwave propagation in a metallic photonic crystal (MPC) making defaults or plasma columns. Electromagnetic band gaps (EBGs) are studied with defaults or holes in different configurations of MPC. Further, a plasma column is formed in defaults to increase the controllability and tunability of MPC. Moreover, a plasma column is also formed between microwave transmitter and MPC. Findings of this study show that flat and forbidden bands can be controlled in such a way that the negative and positive refractions can be achieved at particular angles. Hence, it reveals importance of plasma to enhance the controllability of microwave propagation in photonic crystals. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1109–1113, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25896
Marching‐on‐in‐degree solution of volume integral equations for analysis of transient electromagnetic scattering by inhomogeneous dielectric bodies with conduction loss
Authors: Shi Yan , Jin Jian‐Ming 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA time‐domain volume integral equation (TDVIE) solved by the marching‐on‐in‐degree (MOD) scheme is presented for the analysis of transient electromagentic scattering from a three‐dimensional inhomogeneous dielectric object of arbitrary shape with conduction loss.The volume of the object is discretized into curvilinear hexahedral elements, and conformal basis functions are utilized to expand the spatial variation of the electric flux density in the TDVIE. The transient variation of the electric flux density is expressed in term of weighted Laguerre polynomials so that the first, second, and third temporal derivatives of the electric flux density can be handled analytically. By applying the Galerkin spatial and temporal testing procedure, the TDVIE is converted into a recursive matrix equation in terms of the orders of the weighted Laguerre polynomials. Because of the elimination of the time variable in the MOD scheme, the proposed algorithm overcomes the late‐time instability problem that often occur in the conventional marching‐in‐on‐time (MOT) approach. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the good performance of the TDVIE algorithm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1104–1109, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25897
A new differential stacked spiral inductor with improved self‐resonance frequency
Authors: Kim Joonchul , Nam Byungjae , Kim Hyeongdong 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA new silicon‐based differential stacked spiral inductor (DSSI) was implemented using a standard 0.18‐μm complimentary metal‐oxide semiconductor technology. Based on the measured two‐port S‐parameter using a standard de‐embedding procedure, the self‐resonance frequency, fsr, and quality factor, Q, of the new DSSI were compared with a conventional DSSI. The fsr of the new DSSI was nearly twice as high as that of the conventional DSSI, and the Q value of the new DSSI was also enhanced. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1024–1026, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25900
Ultra‐wideband bandpass filter using multilayer microstrip‐slot‐microstrip coupled structure
Authors: Abbosh Amin , Bakar Aslina Abu 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA bandpass filter that uses broadside‐coupled structures and covers the ultra‐wideband (UWB) frequency range (3.1–10.6 GHz) is presented.It utilizes a broadside‐coupled microstrip‐slot‐microstrip structure with embedded low‐pass filter to achieve the required UWB performance. The simulated and measured results of the proposed filter prove its UWB performance with about 0.4‐dB insertion loss, more than 17‐dB return loss, and less than 0.3‐ns peak‐to‐peak deviation in the group delay across the UWB passband. The filter has a wide high cutoff band that extends beyond 20 GHz. It has a compact size with overall dimensions of 1.5 × 2.5 cm2. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1053–1056, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25903
Reconfigurable digital receiver for 8PSK subcarrier multiplexed and 16QAM single carrier phase‐modulated radio over fiber links
Authors: Guerrero Gonzalez N. , Zibar D. , Yu X. , Tafur Monroy I. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA reconfigurable digital receiver based on the k‐means algorithm is proposed for phase‐modulated subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) and quadrature amplitude‐modulated single carrier, phase‐modulated radio‐over‐fiber links. We report successful demodulation after 40 km single mode fiber transmission with three 50 Mbaud 8PSK SCM signals and a 312.5 Mbaud 16QAM single carrier. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1015–1018, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25905
Acceleration method for propagation prediction
Authors: Yoon Young‐Keun 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis letter focuses on an acceleration method using a child node construction to completely enhance the wave propagation prediction time in linking between parent and child nodes.The child node construction, corresponding and linking with an actual parent node, is called an interobject visibility set (IVS) and is a source‐independent (i.e., transmitter or image) structure. Also, child node construction is independent of database information and is used for linking dynamically to a higher‐order parent node. After linking, the entire ray path construction is completed from the receiver to transmitter, and the received signal level is estimated using backward ray tracing. Finally, we demonstrate that the computational time needed for ray tracing prediction less than in a general ray tracing prediction method, and the prediction results using the ray tracing model are in good agreement with measurements at the millimeter wave band in terms of accuracy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:982–984, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25907
Design of a high tuning range and low phase noise transformer‐based LC voltage‐controlled oscillator
Authors: Huang Jhin‐Fang , Mao Che‐Chi 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThis article proposes a wide tuning voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) by employing a transformer‐based LC‐tank and is fabricated in a TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS process with 1.5 V supply voltage. We choose decoupling effect to decrease primary and secondary inductances and then decrease quality factors to obtain higher oscillation frequency and wide tuning range. Measurement results show that at the supply voltage of 1.5 V, the proposed VCO is tunable from 5.96 GHz to 7.3 GHz corresponding to a tuning range of 20.1%, the measured phase noise is −110.9 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset from the oscillation frequency of 5.97 GHz, the total power consumption is 9.51 mW with an output signal power of −4.74 dBm at the frequency of 6.2 GHz. The chip area including pads occupies only 0.69 × 0.696 mm2. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:1165–1169, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.25908