bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive support for self‐regulated learning in digital learning environments
Authors: Khalil Mohammad , Wong Jacqueline , Wasson Barbara , Paas Fred 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA core focus of self‐regulated learning (SRL) research lies in uncovering methods to empower learners within digital learning environments. As digital technologies continue to evolve during the current hype of artificial intelligence (AI) in education, the theoretical, empirical and methodological nuances to support SRL are emerging and offering new ways for adaptive support and guidance for learners. Such affordances offer a unique opportunity for personalised learning experiences, including adaptive interventions. Exploring the application of adaptivity to enhance SRL is an important and emerging area of research that requires further attention. This editorial introduces the contributions of seven papers for the special section on adaptive support for SRL within digital learning environments. These papers explore various themes related to enhancing SRL strategies through technological interventions, offering valuable insights and paving the way for future advancements in this dynamic area.
CD271 mRNA/hnRNPA2B1 complex promotes proliferation and stemness in oral and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mochizuki Mai , Shibuya‐Takahashi Rie , Kanno Shin‐Ichiro , Adachi Shungo , Fujimori Haruna , Nakazato Akira , Fujii Keitaro , Morita Shinkichi , Saijoh Satoshi , Yamazaki Tomoko , Imai Takayuki , Asada Yukinori , Yamaguchi Kazunori , Yasuda Jun , Shindo Norihisa , Sugamura Kazuo , Tamai Keiichi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRNAs, such as noncoding RNA, microRNA, and recently mRNA, have been recognized as signal transduction molecules. CD271, also known as nerve growth factor receptor, has a critical role in cancer, although the precise mechanism is still unclear. Here, we show that CD271 mRNA, but not CD271 protein, facilitates spheroid cell proliferation. We established CD271−/− cells lacking both mRNA and protein of CD271, as well as CD271 protein knockout cells lacking only CD271 protein, from hypopharyngeal and oral squamous cell carcinoma lines. Sphere formation was reduced in CD271−/− cells but not in CD271 protein knockout cells. Mutated CD271 mRNA, which is not translated to a protein, promoted sphere formation. CD271 mRNA bound to hnRNPA2B1 protein at the 3′‐UTR region, and the inhibition of this interaction reduced sphere formation. In surgical specimens, the CD271 mRNA/protein expression ratio was higher in the cancerous area than in the noncancerous area. These data suggest CD271 mRNA has dual functions, encompassing protein‐coding and noncoding roles, with its noncoding RNA function being predominant in oral and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
Adult and pediatric relapsing multiple sclerosis phase II and phase III trial design and their primary end points: A systematic review
Authors: Hiramatsu Katsutoshi , Maeda Hideki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNo systematic review of trial designs in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS) was reported. This systematic review was conducted on the trial designs and primary end points (PEs) of phase II and III trials intended to modify the natural course of the disease in patients with RMS. The purpose of the study is to explore trends/topics and discussion points in clinical trial design and PE, comparing them to regulatory guidelines and expert recommendations. Three trial registration systems, ClinicalTrials.gov, the EU Clinical Trials Register, and the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials, were used and 60 trials were evaluated. The dominant clinical trial design was a randomized controlled parallel‐arms trial and other details were as follows: in adult phase III confirmatory trials (n = 32), active‐controlled double‐blind trial (DBT) (53%) and active‐controlled open‐label assessor‐masking trial (16%); in adult phase II dose‐finding trials (n = 9), placebo‐ and active‐controlled DBT (44%), placebo‐controlled DBT (22%), and placebo‐controlled add‐on DBT (22%); and in pediatric phase III confirmatory trials (n = 8), active‐controlled DBT (38%) and active‐controlled open‐label non‐masking trial (25%). The most common PEs were as follows: in adult confirmatory trials, annual relapse rate (ARR) (56%) and no evidence of disease activity‐3 (NEDA‐3) (13%); in adult dose‐finding trials, the cumulative number of T1 gadolinium‐enhancing lesions (56%), combined unique active lesions (22%), and overall disability response score (22%); and in pediatric confirmatory trials, ARR (38%) and time to first relapse (25%). It was suggested that some parts of the regulatory guidelines and expert recommendations need to be revised.
New public financial management in liberal peacebuilding discourse: The Palestine–Israel conflict and the World Bank
Authors: Alazzeh Dalia , Uddin Shahzad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper delves into the discursive recontextualization of new public financial management (NPFM) in the context of peacebuilding, reshaping the dynamics among the donor community, Israel, and the Palestinian Authority. Utilizing Fairclough's dialectical relational version of Critical Discourse Analysis (2003, 2013) as a methodological framework, we extend the NPFM literature by broadening our understanding of how diverse discourses—particularly NPFM rooted in neoliberalism and peacebuilding—are brought together in a specific relationship for the purpose of transmission. In addition, this study advances our comprehension of the dialogic nature of NPFM, exploring the extent to which other voices are represented, excluded, or suppressed in the examined texts. The paper sheds light on the role of international agencies, exemplified by the World Bank, in transposing development discourses—a theme explored in previous research. Furthermore, we contribute to the literature by highlighting that the peacebuilding context serves as a space for influential actors, such as donor agencies, to exert their influence.
The accounting for defined benefit pension plans in family firms
Authors: Ismail Ahmad , Khalil Samer , Safieddine Assem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper investigates the accounting for defined benefit pension plans in U.S. family firms. Relying on agency theory and the literature on defined benefit pension plans, we test whether the allocation of pension plan assets, the expected rate of return on pension plan assets and the contributions to defined benefit pension plans in family firms are significantly different from those in non‐family firms. Relying on a sample of U.S. firms over the period 2004–2018, we first document that family firms take more risk when allocating their pension plan assets relative to non‐family firms where they allocate a larger (smaller) percentage of pension plan assets in equity (debt) securities. We also show that family firms are more aggressive in setting the expected rate of return on pension plan assets than non‐family firms. However, family firms’ contributions to defined benefit pension plans are comparable to those of non‐family firms. Our findings hold after controlling for the endogeneity in family firms. These findings are important since they provide first hand empirical evidence on the accounting for defined benefit pension plans in family firms. They further shed light over pension plans that serve as a key tool to attract and retain executive talents and make up a significant portion of firms balance’ sheets.
Widespread breakdown in masting in European beech due to rising summer temperatures
Authors: Foest Jessie J. , Bogdziewicz Michał , Pesendorfer Mario B. , Ascoli Davide , Cutini Andrea , Nussbaumer Anita , Verstraeten Arne , Beudert Burkhard , Chianucci Francesco , Mezzavilla Francesco , Gratzer Georg , Kunstler Georges , Meesenburg Henning , Wagner Markus , Mund Martina , Cools Nathalie , Vacek Stanislav , Schmidt Wolfgang , Vacek Zdeněk , Hacket‐Pain Andrew 
Published: May 2024

AbstractClimate change effects on tree reproduction are poorly understood, even though the resilience of populations relies on sufficient regeneration to balance increasing rates of mortality. Forest‐forming tree species often mast, i.e. reproduce through synchronised year‐to‐year variation in seed production, which improves pollination and reduces seed predation. Recent observations in European beech show, however, that current climate change can dampen interannual variation and synchrony of seed production and that this masting breakdown drastically reduces the viability of seed crops. Importantly, it is unclear under which conditions masting breakdown occurs and how widespread breakdown is in this pan‐European species. Here, we analysed 50 long‐term datasets of population‐level seed production, sampled across the distribution of European beech, and identified increasing summer temperatures as the general driver of masting breakdown. Specifically, increases in site‐specific mean maximum temperatures during June and July were observed across most of the species range, while the interannual variability of population‐level seed production (CVp) decreased. The declines in CVp were greatest, where temperatures increased most rapidly. Additionally, the occurrence of crop failures and low seed years has decreased during the last four decades, signalling altered starvation effects of masting on seed predators. Notably, CVp did not vary among sites according to site mean summer temperature. Instead, masting breakdown occurs in response to warming local temperatures (i.e. increasing relative temperatures), such that the risk is not restricted to populations growing in warm average conditions. As lowered CVp can reduce viable seed production despite the overall increase in seed count, our results warn that a covert mechanism is underway that may hinder the regeneration potential of European beech under climate change, with great potential to alter forest functioning and community dynamics.
Characterizing gaps in the preventive pharmacologic treatment of migraine: Multi‐country results from the CaMEO‐I study
Authors: Buse Dawn C. , Sakai Fumihiko , Matharu Manjit , Reed Michael L. , Fanning Kristina , Dabruzzo Brett , Lipton Richard B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze data from the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes‐International (CaMEO‐I) Study in order to characterize preventive medication use and identify preventive usage gaps among people with migraine across multiple countries.BackgroundGuidelines for the preventive treatment of migraine are available from scientific organizations in various countries. Although these guidelines differ among countries, eligibility for preventive treatment is generally based on monthly headache day (MHD) frequency and associated disability. The overwhelming majority of people with migraine who are eligible for preventive treatment do not receive it.MethodsThe CaMEO‐I Study was a cross‐sectional, observational, web‐based panel survey study performed in six countries: Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. People were invited to complete an online survey in their national language(s) to identify those with migraine according to modified International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, criteria. People classified with migraine answered questions about current and ever use of both acute and preventive treatments for migraine. Available preventive medications for migraine differed by country. MHD frequency and associated disability data were collected. The American Headache Society (AHS) 2021 Consensus Statement algorithm was used to determine candidacy for preventive treatment (i.e., ≥3 monthly MHDs with severe disability, ≥4 MHDs with some disability, or ≥6 MHDs regardless of level of disability).ResultsAmong 90,613 valid completers of the screening survey, 14,492 met criteria for migraine and completed the full survey, with approximately 2400 respondents from each country. Based on the AHS consensus statement preventive treatment candidacy algorithm, averaging across countries, 36.2% (5246/14,492) of respondents with migraine qualified for preventive treatment. Most respondents (84.5% [4431/5246]) who met criteria for preventive treatment according to the AHS consensus statement were not using a preventive medication at the time of the survey. Moreover, 19.3% (2799/14,492) of respondents had ever used preventive medication (ever users); 58.1% (1625/2799) of respondents who reported ever using a preventive medication for migraine were still taking it. Of the respondents who were currently using a preventive medication, 50.2% (815/1625) still met the criteria for needing preventive treatment based on the AHS consensus statement.ConclusionsMost people with migraine who qualify for preventive treatment are not currently taking it. Additionally, many people currently taking preventive pharmacologic treatment still meet the algorithm criteria for needing preventive treatment, suggesting inadequate benefit from their current regimen.
Similar or different? An analysis of the organisational values expressed by public and private Turkish universities
Authors: Khalifa Bayan , Desmidt Sebastian , Huisman Jeroen , Meyfroodt Kenn , Karataş Acer Ebru 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the fact that organisational values play a pivotal role within organisations and allow for a broad differentiation between universities, little is known about the organisational values universities select to pursue, and the factors impacting the selection of specific values. Therefore, we aim in this study to explore what type of organisational values universities express in their identity claims, and whether the institutional control (public vs private) affects value selection. We analysed the mission statements (i.e., identity narratives) of 169 Turkish universities using an a priori coding approach. The results indicate that public and private universities express similar value profiles and address different pressures from stakeholders by communicating a hybrid set of values.
Peculiar nuclear atypia associated with MDM2 gene amplification in carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma harbouring an alteration of HMGA2
Authors: Alsugair Ziyad , Fieux Maxime , Descotes Françoise , Lopez Jonathan , Cordonnier Carolle , Russel Juliette , Champagnac Anne , Pissaloux Daniel , Céruse Philippe , Philouze Pierre , Benzerdjeb Nazim 
Published: May 2024

AimsSalivary gland neoplasms (SGN) exhibiting the HMGA2::WIF1 fusion are recognized by their resemblance to histology found in canalicular adenoma. Recently, ~20% of cases among 28 HMGA2::WIF1‐rearranged‐SGN showed malignancy and adverse outcomes (recurrence, distant metastasis, and disease‐specific mortality). Among them, MDM2/CDK4 amplifications were identified in one case. This outcome suggests that the MDM2/CDK4 amplifications could be useful to predict an aggressive course of carcinoma ex‐pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA).Methods and ResultsWe investigated the correlation between HMGA2 fusion and MDM2 amplification in four salivary gland neoplasms, providing detailed clinicopathological features and outcomes. Cases were selected from different institutions. Histological examination, immunohistochemistry, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA sequencing, and whole‐exome capture were performed. The cohort included four CEPA cases, all female, aged between 32 and 89 years. Tumours arose from the parotid gland with an average size of 24.5 mm. None exhibited recurrence or distant metastases during the 4–5 months of follow‐up. Pathologically, all cases displayed a peculiar atypical nuclei with ‘gear‐like appearance’. Immunohistochemically, tumours exhibited a biphasic pattern with myoepithelial and ductal differentiation markers. All cases showed HMGA2 overexpression and MDM2 amplification by FISH and RNA sequencing. In a control cohort of MDM2 nonamplified CEPA cases, not exhibiting the peculiar nuclear atypia.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a strong correlation between HMGA2 alteration/MDM2 amplification and a peculiar nuclear atypia, advocating for their evaluation in biphasic tumours to facilitate accurate diagnosis and tailored posttumour removal monitoring. Further studies are warranted to validate these observations and elucidate their prognostic implications.
Evaluation of learning curves for contact laser vaporization of the prostate using the 980 nm diode laser for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Furumido Jun , Ozaki Nariaki , Matsugase Yasukuni , Mori Tatsuya 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesWe investigated the background of patients who underwent contact laser vaporization of the prostate (CVP) surgery and the learning curve of the operators.MethodsA total of 207 patients who underwent CVP surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia between August 2018 and March 2023 were included in this study. Patient background, perioperative results, pre‐ and postoperative urinary flow tests, and complications were collected retrospectively.ResultsWe enrolled 12 doctors who were divided into expert (five doctors) and novice (seven doctors) groups based on the number of TURP experiences before CVP. The median patient age was 73 years (51–92 years) and prostate volume was 56 cc (15–190 cc) with no difference between the expert and novice groups. Complications included urinary retention (eight cases), hematuria (four), urinary tract infection (four), intraoperative perforation (two), and postoperative stricture (one). Both cases of intraoperative perforation occurred in the novice group. The expert group had a significantly shorter operative time (38 vs. 66 min) and a higher operative efficacy of prostate volume divided by operative time (1.43 vs. 0.88 cc/min). Postoperatively, IPSS, quality of life scores, and postvoid residual urine volume decreased, and maximal flow rate increased; however, there was no significant difference between the groups. The expert group showed stable operative time and operative efficacy after about five to eight cases, while the novice group showed stable after about 15 cases.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that CVP was safely performed at our hospital, and operators with limited experience in TURP can achieve stable perioperative results.
The composition and function of bacterial communities in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) changed dramatically with infected fungi: A new potential to culture Cordyceps cicadae
Authors: Zhou Ye‐Ming , Duan Lin , Luo Li , Guan Jing‐Qiang , Yang Zheng‐Kai , Qu Jiao‐Jiao , Zou Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCordyceps cicadae (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) is a renowned entomopathogenic fungus used as herbal medicine in China. However, wild C. cicadae resources have been threatened by heavy harvesting. We hypothesised that Bombyx mori L. (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) could be a new alternative to cultivate C. cicadae due to the low cost of rearing. Bacterial communities are crucial for the formation of Cordyceps and for promoting the production of metabolites. To better understand the bacterial community structure associated with Cordyceps, three Claviciptaceae fungi were used to explore the pathogenicity of the silkworms. Here, fifth‐instar silkworms were infected with C. cicadae, Cordyceps cateniannulata (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) and Beauveria bassiana (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). Subsequently, we applied high‐throughput sequencing to explore the composition of bacterial communities in silkworms. Our results showed that all three fungi were highly pathogenic to silkworms, which suggests that silkworms have the potential to cultivate Cordyceps. After fungal infection, the diversity of bacterial communities in silkworms decreased significantly, and the abundance of Staphylococcus increased in mummified larvae, which may play a role in the death process when the host suffers infection by entomopathogenic fungi. Furthermore, there were high similarities in the bacterial community composition and function in the C. cicadae and C. cateniannulata infected samples, and the phylogenetic analysis suggested that these similarities may be related to the fungal phylogenetic relationship. Our findings reveal that infection with different entomopathogenic fungi affects the composition and function of bacterial communities in silkworms and that the bacterial species associated with Cordyceps are primarily host dependent, while fungal infection affects bacterial abundance.
Comparative study of job burnout in Shanghai‐based nurses against Maslach norm and Hangzhou norm
Authors: Yu Xiaojuan , Qu Haihong , Ni Yanting , Tang Xiaowen , Zhou Huaxian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to analyze the trend in job burnout among nurses in Shanghai, China.BackgroundThe nursing profession globally faces a significant challenge due to aging populations, causing a human resources crisis. Job burnout notably impacts nurses' enthusiasm for work and their overall well‐being. Understanding the trends in job burnout among nurses is crucial for addressing this issue.MethodsA cross‐sectional study involving 799 nurses from a tertiary‐care hospital and 11 community health service centers in Pudong New Area South, Shanghai, was conducted using convenience sampling. Data were collected through a general information questionnaire and the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, to assess job burnout levels. These data were compared with the established Maslach and Hangzhou norms in China.Results74.6% of the participants experienced job burnout. The emotional exhaustion dimension had an average score of 27.27 ± 13.93, indicating high levels of burnout; the depersonalization dimension had an average score of 7.83 ± 6.68, showing moderate levels of fatigue; and the personal achievement dimension had an average score of 26.75 ± 10.26, also indicating moderate fatigue. Notably, nurses aged 32–33 years with 11–12 years of professional experience were the most affected. The findings suggest that job burnout is a significant issue in Pudong New Area South, Shanghai, with a notable increase in severe burnout cases over the past decade.ConclusionNurses, particularly during the COVID‐19 pandemic, face high rates of burnout, with emotional exhaustion being particularly prevalent. To support and retain the nursing workforce, hospital administrators must implement external reward mechanisms and develop policies that encourage personal growth, career development, and a humanistic approach to care.Implications for nursing and health policyFrom our review of the literature, we identified instances where burnout standards are either not assessed or lack uniformity in their application. Therefore, it is imperative to adopt a standardized occupational burnout scale for a nationwide survey, encompassing nurse populations across various levels, including province, region, city, and institution. This approach will facilitate the establishment of a practical norm for occupational burnout within China. This norm would enable conducting regular assessments and comparisons to understand the evolving trends of job burnout among nurses, which could pave the way for the creation of targeted support interventions for the nursing profession.