bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of intrapsychic factors, coping styles, and spirituality of patients affected by tumors
Authors: Vespa Anna , Jacobsen Paul B. , Spazzafumo Liana , Balducci Lodovico 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground: In this study, we consider spirituality in terms of interpersonal, transpersonal, and intrapsychic processes. The goal of this study is to establish whether a spiritual perspective is correlated with more effective coping skills and intrapsychic processes.Methodology: Patients: Lung (n = 88, n. (age 62.8±10.1)) and large bowel cancer (n = 56; age (age 60.1±11.4)) (all stages).Tests: SASB Questionnaire by L.S. Benjamin—intrapsychic processes; Scale of Coping Styles by A. Jalowiech; Brief Measure of Spirituality (BMMS); Spiritual Well Being Index by T. Daaleman and B. Bruce.Results: There is a significant correlation among inner spirituality (IS) (Cronbach's α = 0.692), spiritual coping (SC) (Cronbach's α = 0.935) (described total variability—BMMS) and Spiritual Well Being (SWB) (Cronbach's α = 0.759). (Significant correlation among the three scales, Cronbach's α = 0.676.)The patients with high spirituality are more prone to develop their potentialities and capacities. They (with IS and SC) have more effective coping mechanisms with stressful situations (SASB Cl 3: Self‐supporting and appreciate and IS = p<0.002; and SC = p<0.001. They care for themselves by developing their own capacities and potentialities—SASB Cl 5: Self‐control and IS p = 0.033; and SC p = 0.037. The profile of patients with lower intrinsic spirituality and SC scores suggest ineffective coping with high risk of depression, self‐neglect both in the physical and emotional dimensions, and of self‐abuse (SASB Cl 8: Self‐criticism and IS p = 0.033; SC p = 0.044).Conclusion: The presence of a spiritual dimension may be a marker of patients with a good adaptation to cancer treatment. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Factors in infancy and childhood related to reduced lung function in asthmatic children: A birth cohort study (BAMSE)
Authors: Hallberg Jenny , Anderson Martin , Wickman Magnus , Svartengren Magnus 
Published: March 2010

AbstractChanges in lung function due to childhood asthma have been reported to occur before school age, and to persist throughout life. The aim was to assess the relationship between aspects of lung function and asthma over time in 4,089 children participating in the large population‐based birth cohort BAMSE. Questionnaires were administered at 1, 2, 4, and 8 years of age. At 4 and 8 years, children were invited to a clinical examination, in which 2,965 and 2,630 children participated, respectively. The examinations included blood sampling for evaluation of sensitization to airway allergens (n = 2,053), peak expiratory flow (PEF) measurements at 4 and 8 years (n = 1,957), and forced expiratory flows (n = 2,455) at 8 years. Asthma onset before the age of 4 years, but no thereafter, was at 8 years associated with impaired spirometric flows. This was seen irrespective of symptom presence after the age of 4. Reduced PEF growth between the age of 4 and 8 was seen only for the group of children with early onset transient asthma, while an association between sensitization and lung function was only seen in the late‐onset asthma group. In conclusion, school children with asthma have reductions of spirometric flows when categorized as persistent or transient early onset asthma, even if this latter group of children is completely symptom‐free at school age. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:341–348. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Respiratory impedance and response to salbutamol in asthmatic Vietnamese children
Authors: Vu Lan T.T. , Demoulin Bruno , Nguyen Mai T.H. , Nguyen Yen T. , Marchal François 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThere is a high incidence of pediatric asthma in Vietnam, but little lung function data are available. The aim of the study was to compare respiratory resistance (Rrs), reactance (Xrs), and responses to salbutamol between asthmatic and healthy primary school children in Hanoi. Because respiratory mechanics vary along the breathing cycle, measurements were assessed separately in inspiration (Rrsi, Xrsi) and expiration (Rrse, Xrse).Inpatients with doctor‐diagnosed asthma were measured 2–3 days following admission using the forced oscillation technique (FOT) at a single frequency (8 Hz). Z‐scores and responses to salbutamol were compared between 102 asthmatics and 98 controls, and accuracy of group classification by FOT parameters was assessed by Youden index, an indicator to the proportion of subjects correctly classified in each group.In asthmatics versus controls, Rrsi—but not Rrse—was significantly larger and both Xrsi and Xrse were significantly more negative (P < 0.01). Both Rrs and Xrs responses to salbutamol were significantly larger in asthmatics than controls (P < 0.001). Youden indexes indicated response to salbutamol generally had better diagnostic values than Z‐scores and was best discriminative first with Rrsi, then with Xrse.It is concluded that different FOT characteristics may be described in asthmatic and healthy Vietnamese children. The diagnostic value of each parameter depends upon the breathing cycle. Most useful in practice probably is the response to salbutamol measured by Rrsi. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:380–386. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Olive oil during pregnancy is associated with reduced wheezing during the first year of life of the offspring
Authors: Castro‐Rodriguez Jose A. , Garcia‐Marcos Luis , Sanchez‐Solis Manuel , Pérez‐Fernández Virginia , Martinez‐Torres Antonela , Mallol Javier 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo test the hypothesis that consuming Mediterranean diet and using olive oil for cooking/dressing salads during pregnancy might be associated with less wheezing during the first year of the offspring's life.MethodsA study was conducted in 1,409 infants (mean age, 16.6 ± 2.5 months) attending healthy infant clinics in Spain. Dietary data of mothers' intake during pregnancy was collected by means of a parental food frequency questionnaire. Demographic information and data on wheezing during the first year of the offspring's life were also recorded. Infants were stratified according to any wheezing (42.2%) during the first year of life.ResultsIn the univariate analysis, adherence to a Mediterranean diet and using olive oil for cooking/dressing salads during pregnancy were both significantly associated with less wheezing during the first year of life. However, after multivariate analysis, only olive oil consumption during pregnancy remained associated with less wheezing in the studied period (aOR = 0.57 [95% CI = 0.4–0.9]); whereas male gender (1.8 [1.4–2.3]), day care attendance (2.15 [1.5–3.1]), maternal asthma (2.16 [1.3–3.6]), maternal smoking during pregnancy (1.83 [1.3–2.2]), infant eczema (1.95 [1.3–2.9]), and mould stains on the household walls (1.72 [1.2–2.5]) remained associated with wheezing.ConclusionOur findings suggest a protective effect (primary prevention) of olive oil use during pregnancy on wheezing during the first year of the offspring's life. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2010; 45:395–402. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monitoring the Weibull shape parameter by control charts for the sample range
Authors: Pascual Francis , Zhang Huifang 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we propose control charts for monitoring changes in the Weibull shape parameter β. These charts are based on the range of a random sample from the smallest extreme value distribution. The control chart limits depend only on the sample size, the desired stable average run length (ARL), and the stable value of β. We derive control limits for both one‐ and two‐sided control charts. They are unbiased with respect to the ARL. We discuss sample size requirements if the stable value of βis estimated from past data. The proposed method is applied to data on the breaking strengths of carbon fibers. We recommend one‐sided charts for detecting specific changes in βbecause they are expected to signal out‐of‐control sooner than the two‐sided charts. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sustainability and organizational activities – three approaches
Authors: Wikström Per‐Arne 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper explores the tensions exhibited within the use of sustainability in relation to organizational activities such as strategic management and measurement of performance. Three different sustainability approaches are identified. It is argued that these approaches are based on different standpoints, which may result in misunderstandings and ambiguity. For this reason it is suggested to differentiate between business for sustainability, sustainable organization and sustainable business. Recognition of different organizational standpoints and approaches to sustainability is one step towards more comprehensive studies on sustainability in relation to organizational issues. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Regulation of subthalamic neuron activity by endocannabinoids
Authors: Morera‐Herreras Teresa , Ruiz‐Ortega Jose Angel , Taupignon Anne , Baufreton Jérôme , Manuel Ivan , Rodriguez‐Puertas Rafael , Ugedo Luisa 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHigh levels of anandamide are located in the basal ganglia. The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is considered to be an important modulator of basal ganglia output. The present study aims at characterizing the modulation of the electrical activity of STN neurons by exogenous anandamide or endocannabinoids. Single‐unit extracellular recordings in anesthetized rats and patch‐clamp techniques in rat brain slices containing the STN were performed. Immunohistochemical assays were used. In vivo, anandamide administration produced two opposite effects (inhibition or stimulation) on STN neuron firing rates, depending of the precise location of the neuron within the nucleus. These effects were enhanced by prior inhibition of fatty acid amide hydrolase with URB597, but not by the inhibitor of carrier‐mediated anandamide transport AM404. Rimonabant, a specific CB1receptor antagonist, also produced inhibition or stimulation of STN neuron activity when administered alone or after anandamide. These effects seem to be mediated by indirect mechanisms since: (1) STN neuron activity is not modified by the cannabinoid agonist Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9‐THC) in vitro; (2) no depolarization‐induced suppression of inhibition phenomena were observed; and (3) CB1receptor immunolabeling was not detected in the STN, but was abundant in areas which project efferents to this nucleus. Moreover, chemical lesion of the globus pallidus abolished the stimulatory effect of anandamide and microinfusion of anandamide into the prefrontal cortex led to inhibition of STN neuron activity. The present results show that endocannabinoids exert a tonic control on STN activity via receptors located outside the nucleus. These findings may contribute to enhance our understanding of the role of the endocannabinoid system in motor control. Synapse 64:682–698, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
α2‐Adrenergic drugs modulate the binding of [18F]fallypride to dopamine D2/3 receptors in striatum of living mouse
Authors: Rominger Axel , Mille Erik , Böning Guido , Wängler Björn , Josef Gildehaus Franz , Arszol Cornelia , Bartenstein Peter , Cumming Paul 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAim. To test for α2 adrenergic modulation of dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in striatum of living mice using the high‐affinity ligand [18F]fallypride and microPET. Methods. Groups of anesthetized mice were pretreated with saline, the α2‐agonist clonidine (1 mg/kg), and the α2‐antagonists RX821002 (1 mg/kg) and yohimbine (1 mg/kg). Dynamic microPET recordings lasting 120 min were then initiated upon i.v. tracer injection of [18F]fallypride. Parametric maps of [18F]fallypride binding potential (BPND) were calculated using the Logan method, with cerebellum serving as the reference region. Results. Mean striatal [18F]fallypride BPND was 10.6 ± 1.7 in the saline control animals, 8.9 ± 1.7 (−16%; P < 0.05) in the RX821002 group, 8.3 ± 2.6 (−22%; P < 0.05) in the yohimbine group and 10.3 ± 2.2 (n.s.) in the clonidine group. Conclusions. These findings are consistent with a tonic inhibition of dopamine release by α2 adrenergic receptors, such that α2 blockade increased the competition from endogenous dopamine at D2/3 receptors, thus reducing the [18F]fallypride BPND by about 20%. Absent effects of clonidine suggest a ceiling effect in the tonic inhibition of dopamine release. This in vivo PET evidence for α2/dopaminergic interaction may be relevant to putative actions of atypical antipsychotic medications via adrenergic receptors. Synapse, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sonographic characteristics of squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix
Authors: Epstein E. , Di Legge A. , MÅsbäck A. , Lindqvist P. G. , Kannisto P. , Testa A. C. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to describe the sonographic characteristics of squamous cell cancer (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) of the cervix using transvaginal ultrasound.MethodsWomen with early stage cervical cancer undergoing transvaginal ultrasound examination before surgery were prospectively included. The sonographic characteristics were assessed with regard to tumor morphology, vascularization, size, extension and location. Histological assessment of tumor subtype, size, growth pattern, extension and location was performed. Both sonographic and histological assessments were carried out according to a standardized protocol.ResultsFifty‐five women were recruited. Ten were excluded because no tumor was seen on ultrasound examination and five were excluded because radical surgery was aborted as a result of positive lymph nodes, detected using the sentinel node technique. Among the remaining 40 women, 20 had AC and 20 had SCC. At pathological examination, 34 women had tumors confined to the cervix, three had parametrial invasion and three had vaginal invasion. Hypoechogenicity was associated with SCC in 73% (11/15) of the women, while isoechogenicity indicated AC in 68% (13/19) of the women (P = 0.03). Mixed echogenicity (n = 4) showed a non‐significant association with larger tumor volume (P = 0.23). Hyperechogenicity was found in two women, both of whom had the less malignant villoglandular AC. Color Doppler signals were found in all cases of AC and in 90% (18/20) of cases of SCC, compared with most normal cervical tissue in which virtually no detectable vascularization was found.ConclusionWe found that the sonographic appearance of SCC and AC differs. This knowledge should be useful in the clinical evaluation of cervical tumors. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The After‐School Needs and Resources of a Low‐Income Urban Community: Surveying Youth and Parents for Community Change
Authors: Cornelli Sanderson Rebecca , Richards Maryse H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractUsing a collaborative research approach, this project describes a partnership between community residents and university researchers to develop a comprehensive survey of the after‐school needs of a low‐income urban community in a large Midwestern city. Surveying parents and children was considered particularly important because the current literature on after‐school does not include much input from them, the key stakeholders in programming. By surveying pre‐ and young adolescent youth (N = 416) and parents (N = 225) in the community, information was gathered to document the need for after‐school programming, tap program preferences, and uncover barriers to participation and enrollment. Survey findings revealed significant differences between youth and parent perspectives. Disagreements between youth and parent survey responses suggest that after‐school programs in the community should offer a balance of academic, recreational, and social activities, as well as a tutoring or homework component. Further, in order to increase participation and attendance rates, community after‐school programs need to address the following barriers to participation: safety, transportation, family responsibilities (e.g., care for siblings, household chores), and access to information about available programs. These findings guided the planning of future after‐school programs. The survey results and comparisons between youth and parent data will be presented.
Gaucher disease: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of bone complications and their response to treatment
Authors: Piran Siavash , Amato Dominick 
Published: March 2010

AbstractType 1 Gaucher disease (GD1) is an inherited lysosomal storage disease, which is often managed by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The bone response to ERT is usually slower than visceral and hematological responses. There is uncertainty as to whether an increase in the dosage of ERT has a beneficial effect. The aim of our study was to determine whether or not there is sufficient evidence to make a definitive statement about the effects of ERT and substrate reduction therapy (SRT) on bone marrow infiltration and bone mineral density (BMD) in GD1. We conducted a systematic review of all studies examining the effects of ERT and SRT on bony complications of GD1 published before July 2008. The studies were identified by a computerized search with use of Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CCTR), and bibliographies of papers subsequently retrieved from the search. Three hundred studies were grouped according to whether they deal with the natural history of GD1 or therapeutic issues, and 17 studies were included in the review. The results from our systematic review suggest that further investigations, such as better analysis of the Gaucher Registry, are needed on the effects of ERT and SRT on bony complications of GD1. Studies on the effects of the newly identified velaglucerase and the plant‐derived glucocerebrosidase on bony complications of GD1 are also needed.
Expression of muscarinic M1 and M2 receptors in the anterior cingulate cortex associated with neuropathic pain
Authors: Ortega‐Legaspi J. Manuel , León‐Olea Martha , de Gortari Patricia , Amaya María Isabel , Coffeen Ulises , Simón‐Arceo Karina , Pellicer Francisco 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and muscarinic receptors modulate pain. This study investigates changes in the expression of muscarinic‐1 and −2 receptors (M1R, M2R) in rats’ ACC (cg1‐rostral‐ and cg2‐caudal) using a model of neuropathic pain by denervation, measured as autotomy score (AS) for 8 days. Changes were analysed with painful stimuli and with scopolamine into the ACC prior to this scheme. We used reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and immunofluorescence to determine M1R and M2R's mRNA and protein levels, respectively. Animals were divided in low, medium and high AS groups. Cg1 showed decreased mRNA levels for both M1R and M2R in the low AS group, as opposed to an increased expression in the medium and high AS groups. Both receptors correlated positively with AS in these groups. In the scopolamine‐treated animals there was an increase in mRNA levels for both receptors in cg1, whereas in cg2, mRNA levels of M1R decreased in all the AS and scopolamine groups. The increased M2R mRNA in cg2 correlated with AS in the low, medium and high AS groups whereas all the scopolamine groups showed an increase. Immunoreactivity of the M2R in cg1 decreased in the medium AS group in comparison to controls but scopolamine treatment produced an increase in the medium scopolamine AS group compared to the medium AS group. The M1R in cg1 and both receptors in cg2 showed no immunoreactivity changes. These results highlight the role of the M2R in cg1 related to the degree of autotomy.
Therapeutic selective neck dissection outcomes
Authors: Shepard Peter M. , Olson Jordan , Harari Paul M. , Leverson Glen , Hartig Gregory K. 
Published: March 2010

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of selective neck dissection in patients with nodal metastases from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Study DesignHistorical cohort study.SettingAcademic medical center.Subjects and MethodsA chart review was performed on 156 subjects with clinically positive regional nodal metastases managed initially with surgery, including neck dissection. Sixty‐nine subjects underwent selective neck dissection (less than 5 levels), and the majority received postoperative radiotherapy (80%). Primary outcomes included Kaplan‐Meier three‐year ipsilateral regional control and five‐year overall survival. Cox proportional univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine those factors associated with outcome.ResultsThere were two ipsilateral regional recurrences among those undergoing selective neck dissection, yielding a regional control rate of 95.9 percent. Among those undergoing comprehensive neck dissection, nine ipsilateral regional recurrences occurred, yielding a control rate of 86.0 percent (P= 0.053). No selective neck dissection recurrences occurred in a preserved level. Selective neck dissection, as compared to comprehensive neck dissection, was not adversely associated with regional recurrence, survival, or distant metastasis, even after adjusting for possible confounders (hazard ratio 0.21,P= 0.055).ConclusionThese results demonstrate high rates of regional disease control (96%) following selective neck dissection and radiotherapy in patients with positive neck node metastases. In this population, performing selective neck dissection with adjuvant radiotherapy for the majority of patients is supported as an effective treatment approach.
French National Elections: Democratic Disequilibrium and the 2007 Forecasts
Authors: Bélanger Éric , Lewis-Beck Michael S. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract.The outcome of the 2007 elections in France raises a number of questions about the current state of democracy in that country. To put these elections into perspective, we examine the evolution of the French party system and electorate throughout the Fifth Republic. We look first at the pattern of party electoral movement over time. Then we evaluate the partisan cycle with respect to certain equilibrium conditions, namely stability, competition, and democratic rule. Based on these patterns, we arrive at a classification of French national elections using the Michigan school's theoretical framework. A key conclusion is that, in general, these Fifth Republic elections are in disequilibrium and often fail to express the majority partisan will. The 2007 results, which represent a return of the traditional right, are examined against the Iowa forecasting model, to see if they depart from these troubling conclusions.Résumé.Les résultats des élections de 2007 en France soulèvent une série de questions à propos de l'état de la démocratie dans ce pays. Afin de mettre ces élections en perspective, nous examinons l'évolution du système partisan et des inclinaisons idéologiques de l'électorat français sous la Cinquième République. Nous nous attardons d'abord au mouvement dans le temps des appuis partisans. Nous évaluons ensuite l'équilibre du cycle partisan en France sur la base de certaines conditions, à savoir la stabilité, la compétition et la gouverne démocratique. Cet exercice permet d'en arriver à une classification des élections nationales françaises inspirée du cadre théorique de l'école de Michigan. La conclusion principale de cette analyse est qu'en général, ces élections attestent d'un déséquilibre, car le plus souvent, elles n'expriment pas la volonté majoritaire de l'électorat. Les élections de 2007, marquées par un retour en force de la droite, sont enfin analysées à la lumière du modèle de prévision électorale dit «de l'Iowa» afin de vérifier si elles s'inscrivent ou non dans cette dynamique de déséquilibre.