bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dépôts argilo-tourbeux du Pléistocène moyen à l'Holocène sur la côte atlantique française à Brétignolles (Vendée) [Pollen analysis of peat and clay sediments dating from the middle pleistocene to the holocene deposited on the french atlantic coast]
Authors: Bernard Jacques 
Published: October 2009

L'analyse pollinique de sédiments argileux et tourbeux prélevés sur la plage de «la Parée» à Brétignolles (Vendée, France) a permis de mettre en évidence trois gisements distincts, séparés par quelques centaines de mètres. Le dépôt le plus au sud, contenant des vestiges de Elephas anttquus, peut être considéré comme Holsteinien (Mindel-Riss) ou Eémien (Riss-Würm). Le dépôt situé le plus au nord est d'âge Holocène. Un dépôt intermédiaire, en sommet de plage, daterait du tout début de notre ère.
Ces formations voisines, affleurant sur l'estran, ont pratiquement la même altitude.
Ainsi, en ce point, pendant des périodes chronologiquement distinctes, un système de sédimentation a fonctionné plusieurs fois, avec un environnement comparable, en particulier pour le climat et le niveau marin.
Variations altitudinales de quelques taxons végétaux dans les Alpes du sud durant le Tardiglaciaire et l'Holocène [Altitudinal variations of some vegetal taxa in the southern alps during the Late glacial and the Holocene]
Authors: Kharbouch Mostafa 
Published: October 2009

An attempt to situate the altitudes where the main vegetal taxa have achieved their optimal development during the Late Glacial and the Holocene chronozones has been undertaking from pollen datas of twenty three sites in the Southern Alps. The graphical representation of the maximum pollen relative percentage according to the altitude has been done for Artemisia, Juniperus, Pinus, Betula, Quercus t. pedunculata, Corylus, Quercus t. ilex, Tilia, Ulmus, Abies, Larix, Fraxinus, Acer, Fagus, Picea, Alnus.
This process can be used as a complementary tool for the pollen diagrams interpretations in this region.
L'évolution holocène de la plaine alluviale de la Loire dans le bassin du Forez (Massif central, France). Mise en évidence du potentiel géoarchéologique / Flood plains changes in the catchment of the upper Loire during the Late Holocene (Massif central, France) : Evidence of geoarchaeological potential.
Authors: Cubizolle Hervé , Georges Vincent 
Published: October 2009

Les recherches géomorphologiques et archéologiques réalisées dans la plaine alluviale de la Loire au coeur du bassin du Forez (Massif Central français) ont abouti à la découverte du fort potentiel géoarchéologique de ce secteur.
Les sondages et les prospections de surface ont permis la mise au jour de nombreux paléochenaux anté-holocènes et holocènes de la Loire ainsi que de plusieurs sites archéologiques protohistoriques et antiques. Une bonne partie des résultats présentés dans cet article proviennent des sondages à la pelle mécanique et des carottages manuels réalisés sur le site de Boisset-les-Montrond.
Grâce au couplage des études géomorphologique et archéologique il a été possible de démontrer l'existence de deux domaines géomorphologiques distincts. Le domaine occidental se caractérise par une grande stabilité au cours des 3500 dernières années. La présence de sites protohistoriques et antiques faiblement enfouis - 40 cm en moyenne - sur les interfluves séparant les anciens chenaux de la Loire mais aussi dans ces paléochenaux, montre que cette partie de la plaine alluviale de la Loire a été épargnée par les divagations latérales de la rivière tandis que l'alluvionnement demeurait faible, de l'ordre de 0,1 mm/an. Des estimations sont également données pour les vitesses de comblement de certains paléochenaux depuis la période gallo-romaine : elles n'excèdent pas 1 mm/an. Le domaine oriental correspond quant à lui à la bande de méandrage historique entièrement remaniée depuis la période gallo-romaine.
Toute la partie occidentale de la plaine alluviale de la Loire se révèle ainsi d'un très grand intérêt géoarchéologique, la stabilité géomorphologique ayant permis la conservation des traces d'une forte occupation humaine.
Histoire de la végétation et première mise en évidence d'un milieu marin pendant l'HoIocène dans la vallée de l'Erdre et le Val de Gesvres (Bassin versant de la Loire, Massif armoricain, France) [Palynological study of the Gesvres valley : history of the vegetation and first evidence of the existence of a marine environment during the Holocene in the Erdre river system (Loire River basin, Massif armoricain, France)]
Authors: Ouguerram Abdelouahed , Visset Lionel 
Published: October 2009

L'étude palynologique d'une tourbière située dans la vallée de l'Erdre, affluent aval du bassin de la Loire permet de relater les étapes du comblement d'un profond thalweg depuis la chronozone de l'Atlantique. Pour la première fois, les analyses mettent en évidence la pénétration de la mer flandrienne dans cette vallée vers 7350 B.P., jusqu'aux environs de 6340 B.P., déposant en 1000 ans près de dix mètres de vase fluvio- marine. Aux environs de 5770 B.P. et jusqu'à nos jours, un dépôt tourbeux se superpose aux vases ; l'existence d'un hiatus de sédimentation, en relation avec une érosion pendant la régression marine subboréale, est fort probable.
La présence humaine dans cette région est attestée dès la fin du Mésolithique-début Néolithique, par quelques signaux d'anthropisation et le pollen de Juglans apparaît dès le Néolithique moyen. Mais c'est à l'Age du Bronze que les populations sédentaires s'installent et modifient le paysage, en développant la culture des céréales et du chanvre. Le Haut Moyen Age montre une nette ouverture du milieu forestier, ce qui témoigne d'un redéploiement des activités agro-pastorales. Les variations enregistrées dans la végétation du marécage à la fin du Moyen Age pourraient être mises en relation avec les travaux de régulation entrepris à cette époque.
La cartographie morphologique souterraine : apports aux reconstitutions paléogéographiques et paléoenvironnementales. Application à la grotte Chauvet (Ardèche - France) / Subterranean géomorphologie cartography : interest for paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental reconstitutions : application to the "Grotte Chauvet" (Ardèche - France).
Authors: Delannoy Jean Jacques , Debard Evelyne , Ferrier Catherine , Kervazo Bertrand , Perrette Yves 
Published: October 2009

Cet article a pour objet de présenter la cartographie morphologique souterraine en tant que méthode d'appréhension des fonctionnements passés et actuels d'une cavité. Ces fonctionnements intéressent, d'une part les paléogéographes, les paléoenvironnementalistes qui utilisent les cavités comme des mémoires des événements géomorphologiques et climatiques, et d'autre part, les préhistoriens et paléontologues qui travaillent en grotte.
Les différentes informations contenues dans la cartographie morphologique souterraine sont présentées avec leurs intérêts d'ordre karstique, environnemental, préhistorique, paléontologique... Cet outil qui a été appliqué à la grotte Chauvet, dans le cadre des recherches pluridisciplinaires dirigées par J. Clottes, a permis de dégager différentes étapes de fonctionnement de la cavité avant, durant et après les occupations humaines et animales. Une reconstitution spéléogénique et karstogénique de la grotte Chauvet est proposée dans cet article à partir des seuls éléments cartographies et de l'état actuel des recherches.
L'édification des cônes de déjection en zone de montagne : intérêts paléoenvironnemental et hydrogéologique, contribution typologique [ Building of alluvial fans in mountain regions palaeoenvironmental and hydrogeological interest, contribution to a typology.]
Authors: Amelot François , Delannoy Jean Jacques , Nicoud Gérard 
Published: October 2009

Les cônes de déjection constituent un élément fondamental du paysage des vallées de montagne. Une étude détaillée de deux cônes de déjection des Alpes d'Isère et de Savoie, basée sur des entrées géomorphologiques, géologiques et hydrogéologiques, a permis d'apporter des précisions sur les modalités de formation des cônes de déjection et sur leur comportement hydrogéologique. Ceci a conduit à mener une reflexion rapide sur l'introduction de nouveaux critères pour la typologie des cônes de déjection en regions de montagne.
En associant les sédiments d'un cône de déjection issus d'une vallée latérale à ceux de la vallée principale, on peut appréhender l'agencement spatial des formations, en déduire leur constitution interne et établir la chronologie relative de la mise en place des corps sédimentaires. II est ensuite possible de construire des modèles simples de sédimentation, propres à chaque famille typique de cônes, qui respectent la chronologie des dépôts et montrent l'organisation spatiale des ensembles sédimentaires. Ces modèles schématiques permettent d'isoler les reservoirs potentiels. En y ajoutant les éléments de la recharge des aquifères, on peut cerner les modalités de leur fonctionnement hydrogéologique.
Il apparaît désormais judicieux d'étendre la typologie des cônes de déjection de montagne, qui sera basée non seulement sur les modalités du transport des sédiments par un torrent, mais aussi sur l'agencement des unités sedimentaires au sein d'une vallée, voire sur les capacités aquifères des sédiments.
On the Littlewood Problem Modulo a Prime
Authors: Green Ben , Konyagin Sergei 
Published: October 2009

Abstract. Let p be a prime, and let f : ℤ/p ℤ →ℝ be a function with . Then Minx ∈ℤ/pℤ |f(x)| = O(log p)−1/3+∈. One should think of f as being “approximately continuous”; our result is then an “approximate intermediate value theorem”.As an immediate consequence we show that if A ⊆ℤ/pℤ is a set of cardinality ⌊p/2⌋, then ∑r |1^A(r)| ≫ (log p)1/3−∈. This gives a result on a “mod p” analogue of Littlewood's well-known problem concerning the smallest possible L1-norm of the Fourier transform of a set of n integers.Another application is to answer a question of Gowers. If A ⊆ℤ/pℤ is a set of size ⌊p/2⌋, then there is some x ∈ℤ/pℤ such that‖A ∩ (A + x)| − p/4| = o(p).
Homotopy Formulas for Cyclic Groups Acting on Rings
Authors: Kassel Christian 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe positive cohomology groups of a finite group acting on a ring vanish when the ring has a norm one element. In this note we give explicit homotopies on the level of cochains when the group is cyclic, which allows us to express any cocycle of a cyclic group as the coboundary of an explicit cochain. The formulas in this note are closely related to the effective problems considered in previous joint work with Eli Aljadeff.
The reproducibility of ethnic differences in the proportional awake–sleep blood pressure decline among women
Authors: Van Berge‐Landry Helene M. , Bovbjerg Dana H. , James Gary D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA growing body of evidence indicates that African Americans (AA), on average, have a smaller proportional decline in blood pressure (BP) from waking to sleep than European Americans (EA), but this difference is largely based on correlational data from a single assessment day. The persistence of this difference over repeated sampling is not well established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether ethnic differences in the awake–sleep BP decline between AA and EA persisted over three monthly assessments. The subjects were 47 AA (age = 39.7 ± 8.7) and 92 EA (age = 37.4 ± 9.2) normotensive women. Subjects had 24‐h ambulatory BP monitoring done on midweek workdays at 1‐month intervals for three consecutive months. The proportional decline in BP was calculated as follows: (average awake − average sleep)/average sleep. The persistence of ethnic differences was evaluated using repeated‐measures ANCOVA and by examining Bland–Altman plots. The ANCOVA results revealed that overall, the proportional decline of AA women was less than that of EA women for both SBP (P < 0.038) and DBP (P < 0.083), consistent with previous research, and that there were also no significant ethnic differences by monthly assessment. Bland–Altman plots revealed that overall and by ethnicity, the proportional decline in BP among individual subjects over the 3 months was also reproducible. These results suggest that the ethnic difference in awake–sleep BP between AA and EA women persists over time and that the awake–sleep decline in BP among individuals, whether AA or EA, is also reproducible. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Synchrony between growth and reproductive patterns in human females: Early investment in growth among Pumé foragers
Authors: Kramer Karen L. , Greaves Russell D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLife history is an important framework for understanding many aspects of ontogeny and reproduction relative to fitness outcomes. Because growth is a key influence on the timing of reproductive maturity and age at first birth is a critical demographic variable predicting lifetime fertility, it raises questions about the synchrony of growth and reproductive strategies. Among the Pumé, a group of South American foragers, young women give birth to their first child on average at age 15.5. Previous research showed that this early age at first birth maximizes surviving fertility under conditions of high infant mortality. In this study we evaluate Pumé growth data to test the expectation that if early reproduction is advantageous, then girls should have a developmental trajectory that best prepares them for young childbearing. Analyses show that comparatively Pumé girls invest in skeletal growth early, enter puberty having achieved a greater proportion of adult body size and grow at low velocities during adolescence. For early reproducers growing up in a food‐limited environment, a precocious investment in growth is advantageous because juveniles have no chance of pregnancy and it occurs before the onset of the competing metabolic demands of final reproductive maturation and childbearing. Documenting growth patterns under preindustrial energetic and demographic conditions expands the range of developmental variation not otherwise captured by normative growth standards and contributes to research on human phenotypic plasticity in diverse environments. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Understanding, Controlling and Programming Cooperativity in Self‐Assembled Polynuclear Complexes in Solution
Authors: Riis‐Johannessen Thomas , Dalla Favera Natalia , Todorova Tanya K. , Huber Stefan M. , Gagliardi Laura , Piguet Claude 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDeviations from statistical binding, that is cooperativity, in self‐assembled polynuclear complexes partly result from intermetallic interactions ΔEM,M, whose magnitudes in solution depend on a balance between electrostatic repulsion and solvation energies. These two factors have been reconciled in a simple point‐charge model, which suggests severe and counter‐intuitive deviations from predictions based solely on the Coulomb law when considering the variation of ΔEM,M with metallic charge and intermetallic separation in linear polynuclear helicates. To demonstrate this intriguing behaviour, the ten microscopic interactions that define the thermodynamic formation constants of some twenty‐nine homometallic and heterometallic polynuclear triple‐stranded helicates obtained from the coordination of the segmental ligands L1–L11 with Zn2+ (a spherical d‐block cation) and Lu3+ (a spherical 4f‐block cation), have been extracted by using the site binding model. As predicted, but in contrast with the simplistic coulombic approach, the apparent intramolecular intermetallic interactions in solution are found to be i) more repulsive at long distance (${{\rm{\Delta }}E_{{\rm{1 - 4}}}^{{\rm{Lu}}{\rm{,Lu}}} }$>${{\rm{\Delta }}E_{{\rm{1 - 2}}}^{{\rm{Lu}}{\rm{,Lu}}} }$), ii) of larger magnitude when Zn2+ replaces Lu3+ (${{\rm{\Delta }}E_{{\rm{1 - 2}}}^{{\rm{Zn}}{\rm{,Lu}}} }$>${{\rm{\Delta }}E_{{\rm{1 - 2}}}^{{\rm{Lu}}{\rm{,Lu}}} }$) and iii) attractive between two triply charged cations held at some specific distance (${{\rm{\Delta }}E_{{\rm{1 - 3}}}^{{\rm{Lu}}{\rm{,Lu}}} }$<0). The consequences of these trends are discussed for the design of polynuclear complexes in solution.
Physiological principles of therapy in head and neck cutaneous wounds
Authors: Simpson William R. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIt is essential that surgeons treating soft tissue wounds about the head and neck have a basic understanding of skin anatomy and physiology. The quality as well as the rate of healing is usually dependent on the type and extent of the original injury. Having a practical working knowledge of the pathophysiology of the various types of head and neck soft tissue injuries allows an intelligent choice of the most appropriate approach to a particular wound.The best functional and cosmetic results routinely are achieved by the wound's undergoing primary healing. Skin tapes and various sutures each exhibit certain benefits and disadvantages in primary closure of wounds. Skin tapes cause less inflammatory reaction but fail to close the subepi‐thelial wound spaces. The inflammatory reaction and subsequent scarring‐caused by the various sutures depends upon the size of the suture needle, the diameter of the suture material and whether it is a monofilament or a woven suture.The essential nutrition of the wound must be maintained with the body providing adequate amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, trace elements and vitamins. The lack of adequate wound tissue perfusion by a normal or reversed oxygen gradient will lead to tissue necrosis and infection. The size of the inoculum of micro‐organisms, the virulence of the organisms and host antimicrobial defense mechanisms determine if an infection will develop. The pharmacological action of each antibiotic must be understood in order to choose the proper antibiotic, its route of administration and to avoid unwanted side effects.Crushing tissue injuries, high velocity projectile tissue injuries and major burns of tissue may require several days to exhibit the true scope of the original injury. Most of these injuries must be treated by the open delayed method of wound treatment until the proper tissue conditions exist for healing. The proper timing and correct choice of autografts and tissue flaps develops from the surgeon's personal experience, study and conferring with other qualified surgeons. Upon gaining insight into the cellular and humoral antimicrobial defense system, the surgeon is able to provide the best conditions to allow these systems to function properly.Studies in the ultrastructures of skin along with the recently developed microbioassay techniques will allow a closer monitoring during the process of wound healing that will provide the basis for future techniques in the beneficial manipulation of wound healing.
Rehabilitation of the face following traumatic injury to the facial nerve
Authors: Glasscock Michael E. , Wiet Richard J. , Jackson C. Gary , Dickins John R. E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEtiology, diagnosis, and surgical management of facial paralysis due to traumatic injury of the VIIth cranial nerve are discussed. Sixty patients are reviewed who underwent some type of surgical procedure for the repair of the facial nerve. These cases are categorized according to etiology, which includes temporal bone fractures, iatrogenic injuries, and penetrating wounds of the head and neck. The results of a poll of eight leading otologists on their approaches to several aspects of the surgical management of these injuries are presented in the Discussion section. The diagnostic and prognostic studies associated with facial paralysis, as well as the more common surgical procedures available for repair of the facial nerve, are briefly reviewed.
Paranasal sinus aspergillosis
Authors: McGuirt W. Fred , Harrill James A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFour cases of aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses seen recently at the North Carolina Baptist Hospital are reported. Paranasal sinus aspergillosis is prone to develop in patients living in the southeastern states because those states 1. have an agricultural economy and 2. have a hot, humid climate that causes a high incidence of nasal and sinus disorders. The increasing use of immunosuppressive and oncological drugs should further increase the incidence of aspergillosis. Diagnosis of aspergillosis of the paranasal sinuses requires a high index of suspicion which should be present particularly for a patient who has unilateral sinusitis that does not respond to routine therapy, or who has a localized sinus mass or bony erosion. Immunodiffusion tests are specific for aspergillosis. Treatment consists of surgical removal of the diseased mucosa and adequate aeration and drainage of the sinus. Culture of the specimen on Sabouraud's agar will confirm the diagnosis.
Current management of nasopharyngeal stenosis: Indications for z‐plasty
Authors: Bennhoff David F. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNasopharyngeal stenosis is not commonly seen at present. Formerly most often due to various severe infections of the upper respiratory tract, the most common current etiology is involvement of posterior pillars at the time of tonsillo‐adenoidectomy. A brief review of the historical evolution of treating this problem is summarized.Various degrees of stenosis may occur with varying handicaps requiring surgical correction, utilizing plastic and reconstructive surgical techniques.Three such individuals treated by individually designed flaps with successful outcome are reviewed. Caveats regarding the primary surgical procedure and recommendations appropriate to the secondary surgical correction are outlined.
Panel discussion: Glomus jugulare tumors of the temporal bone. The surgical management of glomus tumors
Authors: Glasscock Michael E. , Jackson C. Gary , Dickins John R. E. , Wiet Richard J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe authors describe the diagnosis and surgical management of 70 glomus tumors seen at the Otology Group in an 8 yr. period. The need for bilateral arteriograms to detect associated tumors (carotid body and intervagale) is stressed.A new surgical technique, the modified intratemporal fossa approach, is described for the removal of large glomus jugulare tumors involving the carotid artery. Complications and results are discussed in detail.
Upper esophageal sphincter: Pre and post‐laryngectomy – a normative study
Authors: Gates George A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractCorrelation of anatomical, surgical, manometric, and radiographic observations leads to the conclusion that the normal high pressure zone of the pharyngoesophageal junction is composed of two parts: an annular muscular sphincter in the most proximal part of the upper esophagus and, above this, a complex pinchcock sphincter composed of the cricoid cartilage anteriorly and cricopharyngeus muscle laterally and posteriorly. The pinchcock part of the sphincter produces a high pressure zone in a predominantly anteroposterior direction. After laryngectomy, the sphincter becomes completely annular and behaves like a pure musculare constrictor; it is likely that both the cricopharyngeus and the upper esophageal circular muscles constitute the postlaryngectomy pharyngoesophageal high pressure zone.The relative contributions of the pinchcock segment (upper part) and annular constrictor segment (lower part) to the overall function of the upper esophageal sphincter have yet to be established in man.