bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Индекс арктической научной дипломатии региона (на примере Санкт-Петербурга)
Authors: Золотарев Федор Евгеньевич 
Published: April 2024

Возросший интерес к Арктике среди государств в международных отношениях повлиял на включение множества негосударственных субъектов. Они также проявляют интерес к изучению и региональным процессам, что привело к появлению отдельного феномена арктической научной дипломатии. В статье представлена попытка операционализировать концепт Арктической научной дипломатии региона и определить его главные индикаторы. Автор выделил четыре основных индикатора, по которым можно проанализировать и оценить индекс арктической научной дипломатии региона. На примере Санкт-Петербурга было показано, что даже не являясь арктическим регионом по географическому критерию, возможно дать качественную оценку результатам деятельности по арктической научной дипломатии. В заключении предлагаются возможные направления для дальнейшего изучения вопроса, которыми могут стать как более детальная проработка системы критериев, так и компаративные исследования отдельных регионов.

Благодарности

Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке гранта Российского научного фонда (РНФ) № 22-28-20276 и гранта Санкт-Петербургского научного фонда в соответствии с соглашением от 14.04.2022 г. № 38/2022 на тему «Роль Санкт-Петербурга в развитии арктической научной дипломатии Российской Федерации».
Центральноазиатская стратегия внешней политики первой администрации Дж. Буша – младшего
Authors: Комлякова Юлия Юрьевна 
Published: April 2024

Целью данной статьи является изучение новой американской политики в регионе, основанной на политике преемственности в условиях смены американского руководства, а также анализ направления вектора политического курса, стремящегося не только к установлению, сохранению контроля над государствами региона и борьбе с терроризмом, но и к противостоянию внешним вызовам (прежде всего России) в регионе. Таким образом, статья затрагивает новые аспекты американской вовлеченности в регион, которые сформировались после терактов 11 сентября 2001 года и основывались на географическом положении региона и борьбе с терроризмом, а также на попытках сохранить инициативы, начатые предыдущей администрацией Клинтона, такие как демократизация и гуманитарная политика в различных ее аспектах.
«Закат» Шенгена как результат неэффективной миграционной политики ЕС
Authors: Бистрина Мария Георгиевна 
Published: April 2024

Статья посвящена анализу недавнего вхождения Болгарии и Румынии в так называемый воздушный Шенген и стратегическому выбору этих двух стран ЕС, который ставит под вопрос их безопасность и суверенитет. Вместо решения проблемы интеграции беженцев, «единый» Евросоюз лишь усугубляет ситуацию, позволяя ей перерасти в разрушительный конфликт межгосударственного характера. В исследовании выявлены ключевые угрозы, непосредственно угрожающие европейской безопасности, интеграции и взаимопониманию между странами, возникающие в ходе выполнения Дублинского регламента и политики принятия мигрантов на территории ЕС. Автором сделаны основные выводы о том, что вхождение в Шенген станет долгожданным событием для Болгарии и Румынии, так как они уже 13 лет ждут полноправного членства. Но решение Совета ЕС от 31 декабря 2023 г. можно рассматривать с различных позиций. С одной стороны, это частичный успех, достигнутый в непростое время, когда почти все важные для Евросоюза вопросы решаются крайне сложно, потому что зачастую несогласные с теми или иными европейскими решениями страны накладывают на них своё вето. С другой – частичное вступление Болгарии и Румынии в Шенген дорого им обойдётся, а важный вопрос сухопутных границ останется нерешённым и будет отложен на неопределённый срок.
21st Century Skills in Tailoring Courses to Support Independent Learning in The Department of Fashion Education
Authors: Andi Nuralfiah  
Published: April 2024

This study aims to analyze 21st century skills in tailoring courses to support independent learning in the Department of Fashion Education FT-UNM. This type of research is qualitative research using data collection methods in the form of interviews with lecturers and students, and observation of the RPS used. The results showed the application of 21st century skills which include Critical Thinking, Creativity, Collaboration & Communication in learning tailoring courses. Research shows that 21st century skills are related to one another in tailoring course learning, so that each of the 21st century skills known as Skills 4C cannot be achieved if separated. This research shows the need to apply 4c skills in learning, so that it can be material for learning other practical courses to compile a plan for the application of 4c skills in learning.
Raising Ambition in Net Zero Flight
Authors: Miller Rob 
Published: April 2024

Rapid action is required by both industry and governments if we are to establish a pathway to achieve zero-emission aviation by 2050. Cambridge had been leading a team that has been developing the 2030 Sustainable Aviation Goals, a set of actions that, if implemented by 2030, would significantly reduce the time required to achieve zero-emission aviation. This work is supported by the Aviation Impact Accelerator (AIA), an international group of experts who are developing evidence-based, whole-system modelling tools necessary to explore how policy, technology, and system integration could be utilized to accelerate change.The talk will preview the four 2030 Sustainable Aviation Goals, each of which has been specifically targeted to raise ambition in a particular area of aviation. The first goal is designed to provide the policies necessary to ensure that Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) can be delivered in a truly sustainable way. The second goal is designed to accelerate the demonstration of the key technologies necessary to develop a long-haul hydrogen aircraft in time to achieve a significant climate impact by 2050. The third goal is designed to unlock the aviation sector-wide changes necessary to achieve a 50% reduction in fuel burn per passenger km by 2050. The final goal is designed to deploy the large-scale contrail avoidance trials necessary to accelerate the implementation of a global contrail avoidance scheme.
Deotorisasi Otoritas Adat Dan Degradasi Lingkungan Pada Kawasan Hutan Yawila Desa Eka Pata Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya
Authors: Bulu Ladi Fredirikus , Giri Wiloso Pamerdi 
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan mengenai sebab-sebab melamahnya peran otoritas adat di kawasan hutan Yawila di Desa Eka Pata Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Jika ditelusuri lebih dalam, sebab utama deotorisasi ialah kontraksi internal lembaga adat dan determinasi lembaga berikut nilai baru yang datang dari luar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, dengan Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari mantan kepala dusun II, pemimpin suku Lobo, masyarakat komunitas adat lokal, dan warga dusun II yang mengelola lahan dikawan hutan Yawila. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa secara internal, degradasi lingkungan di kawasan hutan Yawila dapat dipetakan menurut beberapa sebab. Salah satu yang dapat dianalisis ialah masalah melemahnya peran otoritas dalam dalam pengelolaan lingkungan termasuk hutan. Pelemahan atau dapat disebut deotorisasi otoritas adat tentu disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Bagian ini akan menjelaskan beberapa faktor tersebut dan implikasinya bagi proses degradasi lingkungan di kawasan hutan Yawila. Masyarakat Desa Eka Pata secara genologis merupakan satu rumpun keluarga yang tinggal di desa yang sama namun berbeda dusun. Warga di Dusun II merupakan warga komunitas adat yang merupakan mayoritas pemilik lahan garapan di desa Eka Pata. Termasuk warga di dusun II merupakan warga yang menjaga dan melestarikan hutan. Dalam kepercayaan masyarakat adat Marapu hutan Yawila mesti dijaga dan ekosistem alamnya harus selalu dilindungi. Sementara itu Masyarakat di Dusun III merupakan warga yang tidak memiliki lahan yang luas untuk dikelola menjadi perkebunan. Masyarakat di dusun tersebut hanya mempunyai ukuran seadanya untuk bangunan rumah dan bercocok tanam. Warga di dusun II memiliki lahan hingga puluhan hektar per kepala keluarga, memiliki lahan garapan pertanian ladang dan pertanian sawah. Sementara warga di dusun III hanya memiliki ukuran kecil tidak sampai satu hektar. Dalam kondisi sosial tersebut munculnya perbedaan cara pandang terhadap menjaga dan melindungi hutan. Masyarakat di dusun II berupaya menjaga dan melestarikan hutan karena dalam tradisi tertentu hutan Yawila dikeramatkan karena berhubungan dengan kepercayaan adat Marapu. Berbanding terbalik dengan masyarakat dusun III karena kondisi lahan yang terbatas akhirnya ketika diberikan kesempatan oleh UPTD Kehutanan Sumba Barat Daya akhirnya merambah hutan hingga menyebabkan ratusan hektar hutan rusak dan menyebabkan degradasi. Data menunjukkan konflik manifes berskala besar yang menyebabkan jatuhnya korban jiwa tidak pernah terjadi di Desa Eka Pata. Konflik kecil-kecilan antara masyarakat dusun II dan dusun III hampir saja terjadi namun mampu diredam oleh tokoh masyarakat karena secara genologis warga tersebut masih memiliki hubungan kekeluargaan.
Business Principles and Corporate Strategies of the Coca-Cola Company and PepsiCo, Inc.
Authors: Li Yongxi 
Published: April 2024

Coca-Cola and PepsiCo are consumers' perception of brand awareness and brand loyalty, from taste, flavor, advertising these aspects of the survey, and to expand the introduction, found that Coca-Cola is more popular than PepsiCo, consumers perceive more value from the brand and other factors, etc., in addition to this, with the development of the times, the majority of the people are more and more Soft drink consumption is declining as people become more self-conscious about their personal health. When it comes to the beverage industry, Due to its distinctive recipe, lengthy history, and strict business practices, the Coca-Cola Company is without a doubt the market leader in the beverage sector. The Coca-Cola Company is prosperous.This paper combines the case study and qualitative analysis method through a comparative analysis of the research paper found that Pepsi's audience is mostly young people, Coca-Cola's base is larger and more long-lasting, but also more popular with the masses.
Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistant Bacterial Infections among Neutropenic Patients in Hiwa Cancer Hospital, Sulaimani, Iraq
Authors: Ameen Paiwast Jaza , Dizaye Kawa Fariq , Mahmood Safeen Othman 
Published: April 2024

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is one of the most serious complications of cancer chemotherapies. To avoid life-threatening complications from treatment delays, appropriate empirical antibiotic treatment should be initiated. Objective: To highlight the common bacteria encountered at Hiwa Hospital, the current state of the hospital's antibiogram and recommendations for resistance management. Method: From January 2021 to December 2022, we retrospectively collected culture-confirmed FN cases from the Hiwa Hospital system database in Sulaimani, Iraq. Results: We collected 144 culture-confirmed cases, with ninety-four from hematology wards and fifty from oncology wards. The participants’ ages ranged from 2–79 years. Seventy-three of them were male, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:0.9. Gram-negative bacteria comprised 50.7% of the total cases, 47.9% had gram-positive bacteria, and only 1.4% had fungal growth. The most common isolated pathogens were Staphylococci species (38.9%), E. coli (29.2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9%), Streptococcus spp. (8.3%), and Pseudomonas spp. (8.3%). A large number of Staphylococcus spp. were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, cefepime, and levofloxacin. In contrast, E. coli was resistant to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, cefepime, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Klebsiella spp. exhibited significantly higher levels of resistance to amikacin, cefepime, and ciprofloxacin. MRS strains were found in 48.2% of Staphylococci spp., 74% of gram-negative bacteria, and 12.3% of extensive drug-resistant (XDR) isolates. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of antibacterial resistance among cancer patients, which contributes to quinolone-induced collateral damage.
Risk of Adverse Events Following Total Knee Arthroplasty in Asthma Patients
Authors: Smith-Voudouris Julian , Rubin Lee E. , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: April 2024

Introduction:
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for which patient factors are known to affect perioperative outcomes. Asthma has not been specifically considered in this regard, although it is the most common inflammatory airway disease and predisposes to osteoarthritis.

Methods:
Adult patients undergoing TKA were identified from 2015 to 2021-Q3 M157 PearlDiver data sets. Asthma patients were matched to those without 1:1 based on age, sex, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI). The incidence of 90-day adverse events and 5-year revisions were compared using multivariable logistic regression (P < 0.0023). The matched asthma group was then stratified based on disease severity for analysis of 90-day aggregated (any, severe, and minor) adverse events.

Results:
Among 721,686 TKA patients, asthma was noted for 76,125 (10.5%). Multivariable analysis revealed that patients with asthma were at increased odds of multiple 90-day pulmonary, non-pulmonary, and aggregated adverse events, as well as emergency department visits. Furthermore, patients with asthma had 1.17 times greater odds of 5-year revisions (P < 0.0001). Upon secondary analysis stratifying asthma by severity, patients with all severity levels of asthma showed elevated odds of adverse events after TKA. These associations increased in odds with increasing severity of asthma.

Discussion:
Over one-tenth of patients undergoing TKA were identified as having asthma, and these patients were at greater odds of numerous pulmonary and non-pulmonary adverse events (a trend that increased with asthma severity), as well as 5-year revisions. Clearly, patients with asthma need specific risk mitigation strategies when considering TKA.

Level of evidence:
III
Invigorating The Dislodged Roots in An Unwonted Land: Immigrant Narratives in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Unaccustomed Earth
Authors: Khalil Amna , Abbas Irum 
Published: April 2024

This study aims to explain the challenges faced by immigrants by analysing the short stories written by Jhumpa Lahiri. The organisation of this research study is intended to enable a thorough investigation of immigrant tales in Unaccustomed Earth. Through the framework of Homi K. Bhabha's theory of hybridity, this paper conducts a literary analysis of the stories, investigating themes, characters, and stylistic elements. This study employs the notion of hybridity and its diverse manifestations to investigate how immigrants establish their roots in new territory after relocating and relinquishing their own cultural identity in order to assimilate into a foreign culture. Occasionally, individuals integrate their cultural values with the cultural norms of people from different backgrounds, while maintaining their own ethnicity and cultural identity. At times, people transition from one culture to another and mimic the colonisers or those in positions of power. Consequently, immigrants face several obstacles in their lives. An individual who refuses to adopt or accept the lifestyle, language, religious values, ethnicity, norms, and culture of the host society will have a feeling of alienation from that society. These consequences lead to an individual feeling nostalgia since they are unable to maintain their own cultural identity. The research presented here asserts that individuals must achieve a harmonic balance between their own cultural values and the foreign culture in order to alleviate concerns and challenges such as identity crises, and to flourish in a new setting.
A Study of Female Alienation in The Year of the Flood From the Perspective of Fromm's Alienation Theory
Authors: Zhao Rongmin 
Published: April 2024

The Year of the Flood is the second book in Margaret Atwood's MaddAddam Trilogy. As a Canadian literary queen, Margaret mainly explores the issue of women's situation and prospects in the society. She depicts the current situation of women with delicate strokes, and The Year of the Flood is a typical example of this. This novel depicts the post-apocalyptic scenario faced by mankind after a waterless flood. The work delves into the postmodern society's over-reliance on technology and material development. People blindly pursue development rather than to fulfil real needs. In this background, the novel reveals the alienating effects of the egoistic tendencies of the society on women's existential condition. This paper applies Fromm's Alienation Theory to analyse the existential situation faced by women in the novel in a capitalist society. The society tends to take economic growth and technological progress as the criteria for measuring social progress, while ignoring the carrying capacity of the ecological environment and the spiritual needs of human beings. This single path of pursuing development not only causes damage to nature, but also alienates women's state of being. Margaret Atwood's works aim to provoke thinking and self-reflection, calling attention to the interactive relationship between man and nature, and man and society. She tries to establish a social order full of respect, equality and social responsibility. Only by truly liberating women and paying attention to the natural environment can mankind achieve true freedom and liberation.
Formation of project competence of a teacher as a subject of regional innovative network infrastructure
Authors: Бегзадян Н.А. , Лозовая Я.Ю. 
Published: April 2024

Проектная компетентность педагога представляет собой совокупность знаний, умений, опыта, профессионально-значимых личностных качеств, обеспечивающих эффективность организации и участия в реализации проектов для системы образования. Наиболее успешно её формирование происходит в региональной инновационной сетевой инфраструктуре за счёт постоянного участия педагога в инновационном поиске и выполнении инновационных проектов, обеспечивающих решение проблемы повышения качества образования. Обеспечение высокой эффективности данного процесса требует использования следующих системных механизмов: 1) его построение на основе холистического, акмеологического, квалитативного, праксиологического подходов; 2) выделение целевого, методологического, содержательного, технологического, критериально-оценочного, результативного и ресурсного компонентов; 3) соблюдение принципов активности и творческой самореализации, диагностической обеспеченности, единства управления и самоуправления, интерактивности, информационно-профессиональной мобильности, ориентации на профессионально-личностные ценности, креативности; 4) использование методов проблемного обучения, коллективного взаимообучения, баскет-метода, метода партнёрской и обратной связи; 5) комплексное применение традиционных и инновационных форм (стажировка, проектная сессия, образовательный салон, хакатон, лаборатория) и средств обучения (тренажёры, средства компьютерного моделирования, виртуальные практикумы).
The project competence of a teacher is a set of knowledge, skills, experience, professionally significant personal qualities that ensure the effectiveness of the organization and participation in the implementation of projects for the education system. Its most successful formation occurs in the regional innovation network infrastructure due to the constant participation of the teacher in the innovative search and implementation of innovative projects that provide a solution to the problem of improving the quality of education. Ensuring high efficiency of this process requires the use of the following system mechanisms: 1) its construction on the basis of holistic, acmeological, qualitative, praxeological approaches; 2) identifying target, methodological, content, technological, criteria-evaluative, effective and resource components; 3) adherence to the principles of activity and creative self-realization, diagnostic availability, unity of management and self-government, interactivity, information and professional mobility, orientation to professional and personal values, creativity; 4) the use of problem-based learning methods, collective mutual learning, the basketball method, the method of partnership and feedback; 5) integrated use of traditional and innovative forms (internship, project session, educational salon, hackathon, laboratory) and training tools (simulators, computer modeling tools, virtual workshops).
Femicide en femicidebeleid
Authors: Alberts Anouk , Althoff Martina 
Published: April 2024

Femicide and policies on femicide
In this article, the authors examine the extent to which the Netherlands has a ‘femicide problem’ that requires specific policies. Based on an analysis of definitions of femicide, the phenomenon appears to lack a clear description. This lack of clarity affects the data on femicide, which consequently seem to involve different types of violence and are misinterpreted by Dutch media. The authors note that the Netherlands already has policies on these different forms of gender violence, making specific policies on femicide seem unnecessary. Although femicide is a serious problem, the authors conclude that specific policies do not currently seem to contribute to making femicide more visible and less urgent.
ADOÇÃO À BRASILEIRA E SUA CRIMINALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Santos Maria Fernanda dos , Muller Walter Martins 
Published: April 2024

A adoção é um ato legal que permite acolher crianças sem vínculo biológico como filhos, assegurando a igualdade de tratamento entre filhos biológicos e adotivos, conforme a Constituição Federal. A Lei 12.010/2009 define requisitos para o processo de adoção, mas a lentidão nos trâmites judiciais é um desafio que gera atrasos no processo. A preferência por crianças mais novas e saudáveis dificulta a adoção de crianças mais velhas ou com necessidades especiais, criando desigualdades no sistema. A adoção à brasileira, prática ilegal, ocorre quando a criança é entregue sem seguir os procedimentos legais. No entanto, casos comprovados de forte vínculo afetivo e interesse da criança podem ser regularizados pela justiça. Enfrentar esses desafios requer garantir os direitos das crianças, combater a morosidade e incentivar a adoção responsável para criar uma sociedade mais justa e acolhedora. O texto aborda a complexidade e importância da adoção, destacando a necessidade de seguir os trâmites legais para garantir proteção e segurança jurídica. Aponta desafios como a demora nos processos judiciais e a busca por perfis específicos de crianças, levando algumas pessoas a adotar ilegalmente. Destaca a jurisprudência reconhecendo a importância dos vínculos afetivos na adoção e a necessidade de campanhas de conscientização para promover a adoção legal. Conclui que a adoção deve ser pautada pela legalidade, respeitando os direitos das crianças, e que um sistema judiciário ágil, aliado à conscientização, pode oferecer um lar seguro e amoroso para todas as crianças necessitadas. A metodologia utilizada para a realização deste trabalho foi embasada em revisões de literaturas, pautando-se em pesquisas bibliográficas, como também pesquisas realizadas em sites que discutem esta temática.