bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating the landscape of theranostics in nuclear medicine: current practice and future prospects
Authors: Shah Aayushi , Dabhade Akshada , Bharadia Hetvi , Parekh Priyajeet S. , Yadav Mayur R. , Chorawala Mehul R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Theranostics refers to the combination of diagnostic biomarkers with therapeutic agents that share a specific target expressed by diseased cells and tissues. Nuclear medicine is an exciting component explored for its applicability in theranostic concepts in clinical and research investigations. Nuclear theranostics is based on the employment of radioactive compounds delivering ionizing radiation to diagnose and manage certain diseases employing binding with specifically expressed targets. In the realm of personalized medicine, nuclear theranostics stands as a beacon of potential, potentially revolutionizing disease management. Studies exploring the theranostic profile of radioactive compounds have been presented in this review along with a detailed explanation of radioactive compounds and their theranostic applicability in several diseases. It furnishes insights into their applicability across diverse diseases, elucidating the intricate interplay between these compounds and disease pathologies. Light is shed on the important milestones of nuclear theranostics beginning with radioiodine therapy in thyroid carcinomas, MIBG labelled with iodine in neuroblastoma, and several others. Our perspectives have been put forth regarding the most important theranostic agents along with emerging trends and prospects.
An investigation on the photocatalytic and antibacterial response of green fluorescent carbon dots synthesized from corn flour
Authors: R Rachana , M Aswathy , N Vinitha , Mariya Ancy , K Mini Krishna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present work elucidates on a facile hydrothermal synthesis method for producing highly fluorescent carbon dots using corn flour as a natural carbon source. The structural confirmation was validated through XRD (X-ray Diffraction), HR-TEM (High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope), and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-Red) studies. The synthesized carbon dots exhibited an excitation-dependent photoluminescence (PL) emission. The optical band gap of as-synthesized carbon dots was estimated using UV-absorption spectral analysis. The variation in optical and luminescent response of the carbon dot suspension with the rate of centrifugation was also monitored. Furthermore, investigations on the photocatalytic response of as-synthesized carbon dots towards degradation of methylene blue and its activity as a potential antimicrobial agent against Escherichia coli are also presented.
Voluntary Disclosures and their Drivers: A Study of MDA Reports in India
Authors: Singla Himani , Singh Vijay 
Published: May 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of corporate characteristics on voluntary disclosures of management discussion and analysis (MD&A) reports in India. Using a formal tone, the data was extracted from the annual reports of the top 100 listed firms available on the CMIE Prowess database for seven years (2016–2022). After excluding 23 companies from the financial and insurance sector, a panel regression method with the assistance of Gretl software was employed to investigate the relationship between the Management Discussion and Analysis Disclosure Index (MDADI) for voluntary aspects and various corporate attributes, with a total of 490 firm years of balanced observations. In India, firms follow the mandatory compliance of the MD&A reports, but voluntary disclosures are somehow those which are not much emphasized but are a good indication of firm performance and their accountability towards their stakeholders (Mayew et al., 2015). Our empirical findings reveal that profitability as a proxy to firm performance has a significant positive relationship with MD&A voluntary disclosures. Further, an insignificant association between VDS (Voluntary Disclosure Score) and the board size, presence of independent directors and firm size was found. This indicates that firm performance plays a significant role in adding more voluntary disclosures in MD&A reports. The possible reason for this could be the use of “Management Impression Strategy” in the MD&A reports, which means managers disclose more only when the firm has earned more and use impressive language to attract stakeholders. The outcomes of this research offer valuable insights for regulators, policymakers, and listed companies in India, aiding in the enhancement of MD&A reporting quality. Additionally, this study provides a roadmap for future research on MD&A reporting quality and corporate attributes in other emerging countries that have similar regulatory frameworks. This paper makes a timely and pertinent contribution to the scholarly discourse by shedding light on the relationship between MD&A disclosures and firm attributes. Its findings provide valuable insights for both academia and industry.
Large inter-individual variability in force-velocity profile changes in response to acute high-load resistance training
Authors: Pálinkás Gergely , Béres Bettina , Utczás Katinka , Tróznai Zsófia , Petridis Leonidas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhile the acute effects of high-load resistance training on the force generating capacity of muscles have been widely examined, limited data exist on the relationship with the force-velocity profile (FV). Evidence suggests high sensitivity of the vertical FV profile to monitor changes in the muscle's mechanical properties according to the type of the exercise protocol. However, the interpretation of the findings seems not as straightforward. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a high-load resistance training protocol on the muscle's mechanical properties during loaded jumps and on the vertical force-velocity profile (FV) in relation to maximal strength.Methods29 resistance-trained male (mean age±SD: 35.4 ± 7.8 years) and 29 female athletes (mean age±SD: 32.5 ± 7.0 years) participated in the study. Five-repetition maximum (5RM) in back squat, unloaded countermovement jump (CMJ) and FV profile were assessed. Loaded jumps were performed against 25, 50, 75, and 100 percent of body mass. Participants performed exercise protocols corresponding to their 5RM. Immediately after, unloaded CMJ and FV profile measurements were repeated.ResultsA significant decrease in CMJ height (∼5–6%) and in average power (∼4%) was recorded for both men and women. The FV profile did not change after the exercise protocol; however, there was a significant decrease in theoretical maximal power (from 4 to 5%) and in theoretical maximal velocity (∼3%). Maximal strength was not associated with the changes in FV profile.ConclusionsFindings suggest that an acute high-load exercise decreased vertical jump performance and maximal power output, but without a concomitant change in FV profile. The large interindividual variability in FV measures indicates a less straightforward connection of the applied exercise with the acute response in the FV profile, highlighting the complexity of the FV profile to monitor changes in response to an acute training load.
Optimization of coagulation wastewater treatment of leather industry
Authors: Sanginova Olga , Tolstopalova Nataliia , Obushenko Tetiana , Danylkovych Anatolii 
Published: May 2024

The object of the study was the process of coagulation treatment of wastewater of leather industry enterprises. The treatment of samples of real wastewater from a leather production was investigated. Such wastewater is characterized by high concentrations of pollutants of varying degrees of dispersion, which is due to the use of a large number of various chemicals in the leather production process. During technological operations related to the skinning and processing of skins, these substances enter the wastewater, which is discharged into the sewer. A peculiarity of leather production wastewater is large fluctuations in composition and volume, high concentrations of pollutants, and an increased content of suspended solids. Such waters have certain toxicity. The existing methods of wastewater treatment of leather industry enterprises do not provide the necessary treatment efficiency, do not allow to create a closed circulation of water at enterprises, to use or regenerate valuable components of wastewater, and to ensure their economically feasible disposal. Therefore, the research is aimed at improving the process of coagulation wastewater treatment of leather factories using mathematical modeling and optimization methods. This will make it possible to modernize existing wastewater treatment schemes. The experiments were carried out on the Niva Jar-test laboratory unit, which allows simultaneous examination of 6 samples. Samples of wastewater from leather production after the fattening-filling and dyeing stages were studied. The effectiveness of the coagulation process was determined by the degree of wastewater treatment. The factors were analyzed and the intervals of variation of factors that have a significant impact on the process of coagulation treatment of wastewater from leather factories were established. An experiment plan was drawn up and implemented in order to study the effect of coagulants based on aluminum and ferrum, as well as flocculants on the quality of wastewater treatment. The choice of quality indicators of the coagulation process is substantiated. A statistical analysis of the results of experimental studies was performed, a correlational analysis of the interdependence of parameters and indicators of the quality of the coagulation process was performed. Aluminum-based coagulant has been found to be more effective than iron-based coagulant. The results of mathematical modeling were used to determine the optimal parameters of the coagulation process: pH 10, coagulant dose – 2.5 g/dm3, flocculant dose – 100 mg/dm3.
Performance of AI-Based Phase Picking and Event Association Methods after the Large 2023 Mw 7.8 and 7.6 Türkiye Doublet
Authors: Becker Dirk , McBrearty Ian W. , Beroza Gregory C. , Martínez-Garzón Patricia 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
On 6 February 2023, a devastating earthquake doublet consisting of Mw 7.8 and 7.6 events separated by about 9 hr struck the southeastern part of Türkiye. The developing aftershock sequence contained thousands of events during the first few days and overwhelmed the routine algorithms handling their detection and location. In addition, several stations temporarily lost real-time contact and came online again later. At the same time the Omori decay of the aftershock event rate reduced the event frequency and allowed for inclusion of progressively smaller-magnitude events with time. One possibility to help deal with such a complex situation is the use of machine learning (ML) methods to generate earthquake catalogs with a substantially higher number of events. Here, we present high-resolution earthquake catalogs derived with two ML association methods for the first five days of the aftershock sequence of this doublet. In terms of the number of reliably located events, the event catalog created from PhaseNet picks and the GENIE phase association method outperforms both the routine regional catalog and the second ML-derived catalog obtained from the GaMMA phase association method. Although both GaMMA and GENIE catalogs detect about 6 times more events than the routine catalog, GENIE associates on average about double the phases to a single event than GaMMA, which results in better constrained event locations. The spatiotemporal evolution of the event rates is sensitive to changes in the network geometry due to variable station availability. During the first few days, no decay of the event rate in the enhanced catalog is observed due to the inclusion of progressively smaller-magnitude events with time and increased station availability. This study indicates that ML-derived earthquake catalogs for challenging time periods like the early aftershock sequences of large earthquakes have the potential to significantly improve routine event catalogs.
The relationship between the Debt-to-GDP ratio and the GDP in developed (US, Japan), developing countries (of Asia and Europe) and African sub-saharan countries with emphasis on Indian scenario: A comparative study
Authors: Dave Brij Behari 
Published: May 2024

There is no simple relationship between debt and growth […]. There are many factors that matter for a country’s growth and debt performance. Moreover, there is no single threshold for debt ratios that can delineate the “bad” from the “good”. (International Monetary Fund, 2012, p. 9)Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is often used as an indicator of the size of the economy and the debt-to-GDP ratio works as an indicator of the financial leverage for an economy. A low ratio points that an economy’s goods and services production is adequate to pay off its debts without letting further debts be incurred. The borrowing pattern of a nation and the election to opt to incur further debt depends on economic and geopolitical considerations which include recession, war, interest rates etc. On the other hand, a high ratio would imply that the economy is not producing sufficiently to pay off its debts. Just like any bank would be interested in providing a bigger amount of loan only when an individual makes more money; likewise, in an economy’s scenario, investors would be more interested in taking on a country’s debt if it could produce more. And if at any time investors happen to worry about the repayment, and then they start to ask for higher interest rate returns to secure themselves against the risk of default. This way, it increases the cost of debt and the economy might fall into the trap of debt crisis.This paper investigates the impact of India's public debt on its economic growth through an econometric analysis using data from the Reserve Bank of India, the International Monetary Funds, and the World Development Indicators for the period 1989-2014. The data is regressed in basic time series analysis taking into account the different variables that influence economic growth. The regression results show an inverted U-shape relationship between the public debt to GDP and its square. The results illustrate the theoretical findings of Reinhart and Rogoff's (2010) changing relationship between real GDP growth and government debt based on a debt threshold.
Praca zdalna a macierzyństwo. Analiza korzyści i trudności wynikających z pracy zdalnej w opinii matek małych dzieci
Authors: Stankowska Magdalena 
Published: May 2024

W czasie pandemii COVID-19 wiele matek i ojców rozpoczęło pierwszy raz z życiu pracę zdalną w towarzystwie swoich dzieci, ze względu na powszechny lockdown. W 2023 roku wprowadzono do Kodeksu pracy zmiany dotyczące pracy zdalnej. Celem artykułu jest analiza korzyści i trudności, jakie wiążą się z pracą zdalną rodziców małych dzieci z perspektywy kobiet – matek. Badania pokazały, że praca zdalna rodziców małych dzieci wiąże się dla nich z pewnymi korzyściami, jakimi są m.in. oszczędność czasu i pieniędzy, łatwiejsze godzenie obowiązków zawodowych z rodzinnymi czy większa efektywność pracy, ale też niesie ze sobą wiele trudności, np. przeszkadzanie dzieci w pracy, brak przestrzeni do pracy w domu, praca „po godzinach”, utrudniona komunikacja ze współpracownikami, poczucie alienacji czy wreszcie brak aktywności fizycznej i poczucie monotonii. Optymalna dla pracujących z domu rodziców małych dzieci (zwłaszcza dla matek) wydaje się sytuacja, kiedy dzieci są poza domem w trakcie ich pracy.
Inkosistensi Mahkamah Konstitusi tentang Pemberian Kedudukan Hukum Pemohon dalam Putusan Nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023 dengan Putusan Nomor 74/PUU-XVIII/2020.
Authors: Aji Alan Bayu 
Published: May 2024

Kedudukan Hukum Pemohon dalam perkara konstitusi pengujian undang-undang terhadap UUD NRI Tahun 1945 merupakan syarat mutlak. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat dua putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi yang memberikan putusan yang berbeda tentang kedudukan hukum pemohon yaitu putusan Nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023 dan putusan Nomor 74/PUU-XVIII/2020, di mana dari kedua putusan tersebut memiliki permohonan yang serupa tentang syarat pencalonan presiden dan wakil presiden, namun Mahkamah memberikan putusan kedudukan hukum yang berbeda. Sehingga dalam penelitian ini ada dua rumusan masalah pertama tentang bagaimana kedudukan pemohon dalam putusan Nomor 90/PUU-XXI/2023 dan Putusan Nomor 74/PUU-XVIII/2020, kedua mengenai pandangan Majelis Hakim Mahakamah Konstitusi tentang kedua putusan tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan kasus (Case Approach). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa terdapat permasalahan dalam pemberian kedudukan hukum pemohon oleh Mahkamah Konstitusi khususnya dalam Putusan Nomor 74/PUU-XVIII/2020 yang tidak memberikan kedudukan hukum kepada pemohon sedangkan terhadap putusan 90/PUU-XXI/2023 memberikan kedudukan kepada pemohon. Hal tersebut menunjukan sikap Inkosistensi Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap kedudukan hukum pemohon yang permohonannya merupakan kebijakan hukum terbuka yang itu sebenarnya bukan kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi. Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai penjaga Konstitusi seharusnya menunjukan konsistensi dalam pemberian kedudukan hukum khususnya terkait dengan permohonan yang berkaitan dengan kebijakan hukum terbuka. Kata Kunci:Inkonsistensi; Kedudukan Hukum; Mahkamah Konstitusi.
Crude Extracts from <em>Lippia adoensis</em> (Hochst.) Inhibit the Growth of <em>Plasmodium</em>, <em>Leishmania </em>and <em>Trypanosoma </em>Parasites
Authors: Madiesse Kemgne Eugenie Aimée , Tchatat Tali Mariscal Brice , Dize Darline , Njanpa Ngansop Cyrille Armel , Pone Kamdem Boniface , Fekam Boyom Fabrice 
Published: May 2024

The serendipitous discovery of antiparasitic drugs, such as quinine and artemisinin from plant origin reveals that the search for new chemical pharmacophores from medicinal plants is valuable. The present study sought to explore the antiplasmodial, antileishmanial, and antitrypanosomal activities of extracts from Lippia adoensis. Crude extracts of L. adoensis leaves and twigs, which were obtained by extraction using 70% ethanol in water, were assayed for antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum 3D7 and Dd2 through the SYBR green I-based fluorescence assay; and for antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal, and cytotoxic effects on Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma brucei brucei, and Vero cells, respectively, using the resazurin colorimetric assays. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was performed using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) feature-based detection and molecular networking flow on Global Natural Product Social (GNPS). As a result, the crude extracts from L. adoensis inhibited growth of P. falciparum (3D7 and Dd2) (IC50s; (3D7): 10.008 and 97.467 μg/mL; (Dd2): 29.48 and 26.96 μg/mL), L. Donovani (IC50s: 22.879-10.522 μg/mL), and T. brucei brucei (IC50s: 2.3085-55.06 μg/mL). The extracts were found to be non-cytotoxic to Vero cells, thus yielding median cytotoxic concentrations (CC50s) above 100 μg/mL. The LC-MS tandem molecular networking flow predicted that the extracts contain valsafungin A and bacillamidin on the first cluster, and fatty acids, ketone and aldehyde derivatives on the second cluster. Overall, the present study demonstrated the antiparasitic effects of L. adoensis extracts, thus justifying the use of this plant in the traditional treatment of fever and malaria conditions. Nevertheless, detailed metabolomic studies and antiparasitic mechanisms of action of the extracts are expected to unveil the potential antiparasitic hit compounds.
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Photothermal Agents: Optimal Parameters for Photoconversion Efficiency and Ability for Synergistic Cancer Treatment
Authors: Grancharova Tsenka , Zagorchev Plamen , Pilicheva Bissera 
Published: May 2024

Photothermal therapy (PTT) can overcome cancer treatment resistance by enhancing cell membrane permeability, facilitating drug accumulation, and promoting drug release within the tumor tissue. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have emerged as effective agents for PTT due to their unique properties and biocompatibility. Approved for the treatment of anemia, as MRI contrast agents, and as magnetic hyperthermia mediators, IONPs also offer excellent light-to-heat conversion and can be manipulated using external magnetic field for targeted accumulation in specific tissues. Optimizing parameters such as laser wavelength, power density, shape, size, iron oxidation state, functionalization, and concentration is crucial for IONPs effectiveness. In addition to PTT, IONPs enhance other cancer treatment modalities. They improve tumor oxygenation enhancing the efficacy of radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy. IONPs can also trigger ferroptosis, a programmed cell death pathway mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Their magneto-mechanical effect can exert mechanical force on cancer cells to destroy tumors, minimizing damage to healthy tissues. This review outlines strategies for managing photothermal performance and PTT efficiency with iron oxide nanoparticles, as well as synergies with other cancer therapies.
Detection and tracking of barchan dunes using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Cúñez Esteban , Franklin Erick 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Barchans are crescent-shape dunes ubiquitous on Earth and other celestial bodies, which are organized in barchan fields where they interact with each other. Over the last decades, satellite images have been largely employed to detect barchans on Earth and on the surface of Mars, with AI (Artificial Intelligence) becoming an important tool for monitoring those bedforms. However, automatic detection reported in previous works is limited to isolated dunes and does not identify successfully groups of interacting barchans. In this paper, we inquire into the automatic detection and tracking of barchans by carrying out experiments and exploring the acquired images using AI. After training a neural network with images from controlled experiments where complex interactions took place between dunes, we did the same for satellite images from Earth and Mars. We show, for the first time, that a neural network trained properly can identify and track barchans interacting with each other in different environments, using different image types (contrasts, colors, points of view, resolutions, etc.), with confidence scores (accuracy) above 70%. Our results represent a step further for automatically monitoring barchans, with important applications for human activities on Earth, Mars and other celestial bodies.