bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A magnetic bead‐based serum proteomic fingerprinting method for parallel analytical analysis and micropreparative purification
Authors: Wong Melody Y. M. , Yu Karen O. Y. , Poon Terence C. W. , Ang Irene L. , Law Man‐Ki , Chan Kiwi Y. W. , Ng Eddy W. Y. , Ngai Sai‐Ming , Sung Joseph J. Y. , Chan Henry L. Y. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractProteinChip surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization technology and magnetic beads‐based ClinProt system are commonly used for semi‐quantitative profiling of plasma proteome in biomarker discovery. Unfortunately, the proteins/peptides detected by MS are non‐recoverable. To obtain the protein identity of a MS peak, additional time‐consuming and material‐consuming purification steps have to be done. In this study, we developed a magnetic beads‐based proteomic fingerprinting method that allowed semi‐quantitative proteomic profiling and micropreparative purification of the profiled proteins in parallel. The use of different chromatographic magnetic beads allowed us to obtain different proteomic profiles, which were comparable to those obtained by the ProteinChip surface‐enhanced laser desorption/ionization technology. Our assays were semi‐quantitative. The normalized peak intensity was proportional to concentration measured by immunoassay. Both intra‐assay and inter‐assay coefficients of variation of the normalized peak intensities were in the range of 4–30%. Our method only required 2 μL of serum or plasma for generating enough proteins for semi‐quantitative profiling by MALDI‐TOF‐MS as well as for gel electrophoresis and subsequent protein identification. The protein peaks and corresponding gel spots could be easily matched by comparing their intensities and masses. Because of its high efficiency and reproducibility, our method has great potentials in clinical research, especially in biomarker discovery.
Separation of flavonoids and phenolic acids in complex natural products by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography using surfactant‐coated and carboxylic single‐wall carbon nanotubes as additives
Authors: Cao Jun , Qu Haibin , Cheng Yiyu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this paper, we investigated the analytical potential of the use of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with different dispersion as additives in MEEKC. The addition of surfactant‐coated single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SC‐SWNTs) in microemulsion provided a more efficient method than carboxylic SWNTs for the separation of three flavonoids and six phenolic acids depending on the interaction between the analytes and SWNTs surface. Additionally, the effect of important factors was examined by changing experimental variables such as the dispersion of SWNTs, surfactants and cosurfactants. Finally, the MEEKC method using SC‐SWNTs was successfully applied to complex natural products (drug pair of Radix Astragali and Radix et Rhizoma Salvia Miltiorrhizae), with satisfactory results.
Characterization of the interaction between fibroblasts and tumor cells on a microfluidic co‐culture device
Authors: Ma Huipeng , Liu Tingjiao , Qin Jianhua , Lin Bingcheng 
Published: April 2010

AbstractFibroblasts and tumor cells have been involved in the process of cancer development, progression and therapy. Here, we present a simple microfluidic device which enables to study the interaction between fibroblasts and tumor cells by indirect contact co‐culture. The device is composed of multiple cell culture chambers which are connected by a parallel of cell migration regions, and it enables to realize different types of cells to communicate each other on the single device. In this work, human embryonic lung fibroblasts cells were observed to exhibit obvious migration towards tumor cells instead of normal epithelial cells on the co‐culture device. Moreover, transdifferentiation of human embryonic lung fibroblast cells was recognized by the specific expression of α‐smooth musle actin, indicating the effect of tumor cells on the behavior of fibroblasts. Furthermore, multiple types of cell co‐culture can be demonstrated on the single device which enables to mimic the complicated microenviroment in vivo. The device is simple and easy to operate, which enables to realize real‐time observation of cell migration after external stimulus. This microfluidic device allows for the characterization of various cellular events on a single device sequentially, faciliating the better understanding of interaction between heterotypic cells in a more complex microenvironment.
Determining the influence of rainfall patterns and carbendazim on the surface activity of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris
Authors: Ellis Sian R. , Hodson Mark E. , Wege Phil 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Carbendazim is highly toxic to earthworms and is used as a standard control substance when running field-based trials of pesticides, but results using carbendazim are highly variable. In the present study, impacts of timing of rainfall events following carbendazim application on earthworms were investigated. Lumbricus terrestris were maintained in soil columns to which carbendazim and then deionized water (a rainfall substitute) were applied. Carbendazim was applied at 4 kg/ha, the rate recommended in pesticide field trials. Three rainfall regimes were investigated: initial and delayed heavy rainfall 24 h and 6 d after carbendazim application, and frequent rainfall every 48 h. Earthworm mortality and movement of carbendazim through the soil was assessed 14 d after carbendazim application. No detectable movement of carbendazim occurred through the soil in any of the treatments or controls. Mortality in the initial heavy and frequent rainfall was significantly higher (approximately 55%) than in the delayed rainfall treatment (approximately 25%). This was due to reduced bioavailability of carbendazim in the latter treatment due to a prolonged period of sorption of carbendazim to soil particles before rainfall events. The impact of carbendazim application on earthworm surface activity was assessed using video cameras. Carbendazim applications significantly reduced surface activity due to avoidance behavior of the earthworms. Surface activity reductions were least in the delayed rainfall treatment due to the reduced bioavailability of the carbendazim. The nature of rainfall events' impacts on the response of earthworms to carbendazim applications, and details of rainfall events preceding and following applications during field trials should be made at a higher level of resolution than is currently practiced according to standard International Organization for Standardization protocols. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2010; 29:1821–1827. © 2010 SETAC
High‐resolution analysis of genomic alteration on chromosome arm 8p in urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Williams Sarah V. , Platt Fiona M. , Hurst Carolyn D. , Aveyard Jo S. , Taylor Claire F. , Pole Jessica C.M. , Garcia Maria J. , Knowles Margaret A. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractLoss of chromosome arm 8p, sometimes in combination with amplification of proximal 8p, is found in urothelial carcinoma (UC) and other epithelial cancers and is associated with more advanced tumor stage. We carried out array comparative genomic hybridization on 174 UC and 33 UC cell lines to examine breakpoints and copy number. This was followed by a detailed analysis of the cell lines using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and, in some cases, M‐FISH, to refine breakpoints and determine translocation partners, heterozygosity analysis, and analysis of expression of selected genes. We showed an overall pattern of 8p loss with reduced heterozygosity and reduced gene expression. Amplification was seen in some samples and shown in the cell line JMSU1 to correlate with overexpression of ZNF703, ERLIN2, PROSC, GPR124, and BRF2. Apart from the centromere, no single breakpoint was overrepresented, and we postulate that frequent complex changes without consistent breakpoints reflect the need for alterations of combinations of genes. The region around 2 Mb, which was homozygously deleted in one cell line and includes the gene ARHGEF10 and the micro‐RNA hsa‐mir‐596, is one candidate tumor suppressor gene region. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Suppression of natural convection heat transfer along a vertical flat plate with concavities
Authors: Sakai Yusuke , Kawashima Hisanobu , Inada Shigeaki 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTo clarify the effect of the suppression of natural heat transfer, the local heat transfer coefficients on a vertical cooled flat plate with circular grooves were measured by a multi‐type thermocouple method. Two flat plates with and without periodic circular grooves were tested in this experiment. The characteristics of heat transfer along the plate for both plates were compared. The local heat transfer coefficients on the periodic grooved plate became smaller than that of the flat plate. The flow pattern was changed when it passed over the grooves, and circulation was generated in the grooves in the downstream. As a result, the thickness of the thermal boundary layer on the grooved plate was more developed than the normal flat plate. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20294
Turbulent diffusion combustion model using chemical equilibrium combined with the eddy dissipation concept for reducing detailed chemical mechanisms: An application of H2‐air turbulent diffusion flame
Authors: Fukumoto Kazui , Ogami Yoshifumi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThis research aims at building a turbulent diffusion combustion model based on chemical equilibrium and kinetics for simplifying a complex chemical mechanism. This paper presents the combustion model based on chemical equilibrium combined with an eddy dissipation concept model (CE‐EDC); the model is validated by simulating a H2‐air turbulent diffusion flame. In the CE‐EDC model, the reaction rate of fuels and intermediate species are estimated by using the equations of the EDC model. Then, the reacted fuels and intermediate species are assumed to be in chemical equilibrium; the amounts of the other species are determined by the Gibbs free energy minimization method by using the amounts of the reacted fuels, intermediate species, and air as reactants. An advantage of the CE‐EDC model is that the amounts of the combustion products can be determined without using detailed chemical mechanisms. Moreover, it can also predict the amounts of the intermediate species. The obtained results are compared with Takagi's experimental data and the data computed by the EDC model, which uses the complex chemical mechanisms. The mole fractions of H2, O2, H2O, temperature, and velocity obtained by using our CE‐EDC model were in good agreement with the reference data without taking into account the chemical reaction rates of the O2 and H2O. Furthermore, the mole fractions of OH and H are in good agreement with the results of the EDC model at high temperatures. On the other hand, the chemical equations involving OH and H were used for predicting the mole fractions of OH and H, which were similar to those obtained from the EDC model at low temperatures. Using the present CE‐EDC model, amounts of combustion products can be calculated by using a reduced chemical mechanism and the Gibbs free energy minimization theory. The accuracy of this model is in the same order as that of the EDC model. The CE‐EDC model uses reduced chemical mechanism concerning selected species, while the result of the chemical equilibrium calculation was employed to the other species; further, the accuracy of the CE‐EDC model is the same as that of the EDC model as to major species, T, U, and k. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20296
In vitro biological evaluation of electrospun cellulose acetate fiber mats containing asiaticoside or curcumin
Authors: Suwantong Orawan , Ruktanonchai Uracha , Supaphol Pitt 
Published: April 2010

AbstractUltra‐fine cellulose acetate (CA; Mw ≈ 30,000 Da; degree of acetyl substitution ≈ 2.4) fiber mats containing either asiaticoside [from the plant Centella asiatica (L.); either in the form of a crude extract (CACE) or pure substance (PAC)] or curcumin (CM; from the plant Curcuma longa L.) were successfully prepared. The proposed use of these materials is as topical/transdermal patches or wound dressings. Here, the potential for use of these herb‐loaded CA fiber mats as wound dressings was evaluated in terms of the stability and the antioxidant activity of the as‐loaded herbal substances, the ability to support both the attachment and the proliferation of fibroblasts and the ability of the cultured fibroblasts to synthesize collagen. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) were used as the reference fibroblastic cells. The results showed that the as‐loaded herbal substances were stable even after the herb‐loaded CA fiber mats had been aged either at room temperature or at 40°C for a period of up to 4 months. The inclusion of asiaticoside [either 2% (w/w) CACE or 40% (w/w) PAC] rendered the resulting CA fiber mats their superiority in supporting the attachment, promoting the proliferation, and upregulating the production of collagen of the seeded and/or the cultured NHDF to the corresponding solvent‐cast films and the neat CA fiber mats. On the other hand, the presence of CM imparted the antioxidant activity to the resulting CA fiber mats. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
In vitro evaluation of inhalable isoniazid‐loaded surfactant liposomes as an adjunct therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Chimote G. , Banerjee R. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this study, exogenous pulmonary surfactant was evaluated as an inhalable drug carrier for antitubercular drug isoniazid (INH). Isoniazid‐entrapped liposomes of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) (the most abundant lipid of lung surfactant and exogenous surfactant) were developed and evaluated for size, drug entrapment, release, in vitro alveolar deposition, biocompatibility, antimycobacterial activity, and pulmonary surfactant action. Isoniazid‐entrapped DPPC liposomes were about 750 nm in diameter and had entrapment efficiency of 36.7% ± 1.8%. Sustained release of INH from DPPC liposomes was observed over 24 h. In vitro alveolar deposition efficiency using the twin impinger exhibited ∼25–27% INH deposition in the alveolar chamber upon one minute nebulization using a jet nebulizer. At 37°C, the formulation had better pulmonary surfactant function with quicker reduction of surface tension on adsorption (36.7 ± 0.4 mN/m) than DPPC liposomes (44.7 ± 0.6 mN/m) and 87% airway patency was exhibited by the formulation in a capillary surfactometer. The formulation was biocompatible and had antimycobacterial activity. The isoniazid‐entrapped DPPC liposomes could fulfill the dual purpose of pulmonary drug delivery and alveolar stabilization due to antiatelectatic effect of the surfactant action which can improve the reach of antitubercular drug INH to the alveoli. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Acetaldehyde plasma polymer‐coated PET fibers for endothelial cell patterning: Chemical, topographical, and biological analysis
Authors: Hadjizadeh Afra 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was to produce fibrous biomaterials with cell adhesive and cell repulsive capabilities for biomedical applications. To this aim, the surface of 100‐μm diameter polyethylene terephthalate fibers were functionalized with acetaldehyde plasma polymer deposition followed by carboxymethyl dextran grafting onto the aldehyde‐coated surfaces via a polyethyleneimine interlayer. The performance of the surface modification steps were confirmed by surface chemical composition analysis using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, surface topography analysis by atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The acetaldehyde plasma polymer‐coated and polyethyleneimine‐grafted substrates promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cells attachment, spreading and actin filaments/focal adhesions formation. In contrast, carboxymethyl dextran‐grafted substrates resisted cell adhesion. These observations demonstrate that the current surface‐modified polymer fibers can be used in tissue engineering applications, such as cell patterning substrates or vascular prosthesis development. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
PI3K is involved in L‐selectin‐ and PSGL‐1‐mediated neutrophil rolling on E‐selectin via F‐actin redistribution and assembly
Authors: Luo Jixian , Xu Tingshuang , Wang Xiaoguang , Ba Xueqing , Feng Xue , Deepak Vishwa , Zeng Xianlu 
Published: April 2010

AbstractL‐selectin and P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1) are adhesion molecules that play critical roles in neutrophil rolling during inflammation and lymphocyte homing. On the other hand they also function as signaling receptors to induce cytoskeleton changes. The present study is to investigate the signaling kinases responsible for the F‐actin changes mediated by L‐selectin and PSGL‐1 during neutrophil rolling on E‐selectin. Western blot analysis demonstrated that PI3K activation, peaking within 5 min, was induced by ligation of L‐selectin and PSGL‐1 with E‐selectin, and that Vav1 (the pivotal downstream effector of PI3K signaling pathway involved in cytoskeleton regulation) was recruited to the membrane and tyrosine‐phosphorylated, depending on PI3K. Furthermore, the F‐actin redistribution and assembly mediated by ligation with E‐selectin were blocked by LY294002, a PI3K specific inhibitor. Additional experiments showed that PI3K activity was involved in neutrophil rolling on E‐selectin. However, Syk/Zap70, the well‐known upstream kinase of PI3K, was not involved in this event. These data suggest that PI3K is required for the F‐actin‐based cytoskeleton changes during neutrophil rolling on E‐selectin, which may consequently regulate the rolling event. J. Cell. Biochem. 110: 910–919, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polarizable empirical force field for sulfur‐containing compounds based on the classical Drude oscillator model
Authors: Zhu Xiao , Mackerell Alexander D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractCondensed‐phase computational studies of molecules using molecular mechanics approaches require the use of force fields to describe the energetics of the systems as a function of structure. The advantage of polarizable force fields over nonpolarizable (or additive) models lies in their ability to vary their electronic distribution as a function of the environment. Toward development of a polarizable force field for biological molecules, parameters for a series of sulfur‐containing molecules are presented. Parameter optimization was performed to reproduce quantum mechanical and experimental data for gas phase properties including geometries, conformational energies, vibrational spectra, and dipole moments as well as for condensed phase properties such as heats of vaporization, molecular volumes, and free energies of hydration. Compounds in the training set include methanethiol, ethanethiol, propanethiol, ethyl methyl sulfide, and dimethyl disulfide. The molecular volumes and heats of vaporization are in good accordance with experimental values, with the polarizable model performing better than the CHARMM22 nonpolarizable force field. Improvements with the polarizable model were also obtained for molecular dipole moments and in the treatment of intermolecular interactions as a function of orientation, in part due to the presence of lone pairs and anisotropic atomic polarizability on the sulfur atoms. Significant advantage of the polarizable model was reflected in calculation of the dielectric constants, a property that CHARMM22 systematically underestimates. The ability of this polarizable model to accurately describe a range of gas and condensed phase properties paves the way for more accurate simulation studies of sulfur‐containing molecules including cysteine and methionine residues in proteins. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
“Moved by the spirit”: does spirituality moderate the interrelationships between subjective well‐being subscales?
Authors: Schuurmans‐Stekhoven James 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDespite the recent escalation of research into the spirituality and well‐being link, past efforts have been plagued by methodological problems. However, the potential for measurement error within psychometric instruments remains largely unexplored. After reviewing theory and evidence suggesting spirituality might represent an affective misattribution, moderation modeling—with each subjective well‐being (SWB) subscale as a dependent variable as predicted by the remaining SWB subscales—is utilized to test the assumption of scale invariance. These interrelationships were shown to vary in conjunction with spirituality; that is the analysis revealed significant spirituality × subscale interactions. Importantly, in all models the spirituality main effect was either nonsignificant or accounted for by other predictors. In combination, the findings suggest the interrelationship between the subscales rather than the level of SWB varies systematically with spirituality and casts considerable doubt on the previously reported “belief‐as‐benefit” effect. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: 66:1–17, 2010.
Structural changes in gonadal basement membranes during sex differentiation in the frog Rana rugosa
Authors: Saotome Kazuhiro , Isomura Tomoko , Seki Tatsunori , Nakamura Yoriko , Nakamura Masahisa 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHere we report that structural changes in gonadal basement membranes during sex differentiation in the frog Rana rugosa are revealed using an antibody to its laminin component. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the first sexual dimorphism appeared in testicular cords and ovarian cavities in differentiating gonads of tadpoles at St. 25‐3W, three weeks after they reached St. 25. During development, as the testis enlarged, testicular cord partitions appeared to form by invagination of the testicular epithelium. Ovarian cavities also increased in volume. Laminin‐positive basement membranes initially surrounded a partial surface of oocytes close to the ovarian cavity, fully covering growing oocytes by St. X. Laminin‐reactive signals were present in somatic cells outside seminiferous tubules in the testis and outside oocytes in one‐year‐old frogs. BrdU‐labeling showed that the number of dividing germ cells increased continuously in male gonads but increased in females only up to St. V, declining at St. X and thereafter. The number of dividing germ cells declined when the basement membranes had fully covered the oocytes. Together, these findings suggest that the first sexual dimorphism in the gonad of R. rugosa first appears as a structural change in the basement membranes. Finally, we speculate that the basement membrane on the surface of oocytes may affect their proliferation in this species. J. Exp. Zool. 313A:369–380, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.