bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of visual evoked potential in chronic myeloid leukemias
Authors: Agrawal Avishkar , Aggarwal Sunita , Singh Ranvijay , Goyal Jawaharlal , Garg Sandeep 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Visual complaint is not very uncommon in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. Our study aims to evaluate the visual pathway using visual evoked potential (VEP) in cases of CML at the time of diagnosis and 6 weeks after tyrosine kinase therapy, to find out treatment impact in asymptomatic as well as symptomatic individuals and compare it with the general population.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This is an analytical cross-sectional study. The study group comprised 20 newly diagnosed cases of CML and 20 age- and sex-matched healthy control population. A thorough history and clinical examination with detailed ophthalmological studies, including VEP, were done. Cases who had VEP abnormalities were then followed-up after 6 weeks post-Imatinib therapy and underwent repeat investigations, including VEP.

RESULTS:
VEP in cases was significantly deranged (P < 0.001), where 15 patients (75%) had abnormalities in VEP compared to 3 (15%) in control. Post 6 weeks chemotherapy, Out of 10 cases that were followed up, 7 patients had achieved hematological remission with normal VEP finding (P = 0.02). Simultaneously, an increase in hemoglobin (P = 0.002) and reduction in total leukocyte count (TLC) (P = 0.004) were observed.

CONCLUSION:
Considerable evidence appear to support the notion that CML patients have a higher prevalence of ophthalmic manifestations as compared to the general population, which can be screened earlier with objective tests like VEP. Concurrently, hematological parameters and VEP showed derangement at the time of diagnosis. After 6 weeks of Imatinib treatment, the improvement in VEP can then be attributed to a reduction in TLC. Hence it can be deduced that VEP has paramount importance in the early identification of ophthalmic manifestations, which are reversible with timely treatment.
Bibliometric analyses of global output on neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
Authors: Quispe-Vicuña Carlos , Cabanillas-Lazo Miguel , Mauricio-Vilchez Cesar , Munive-Degregori Arnaldo , Barja-Ore John , Mayta-Tovalino Frank 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a neuroimmune disease, i.e. under constant research. The aim of this bibliometric study is to perform a bibliometric indicator analysis of the worldwide academic production of NMOSD during the period 2017–2021.

METHODS:
A bibliographic search was assessed in the Scopus database to identify NMOSD-related articles published during the period 2017–2021. Collected publications were exported and analyzed in Scival (Elsevier). Bibliographic data were described through absolute values and percentages in descriptive tables. VOSviewer was used to visualize collaborative networks.

RESULTS:
A total of 1920 documents were collected, and the highest percentage of these belonged to the area of neurology. Friedemann Paul was the author with the highest scientific production, but Brian Weinshenker had the greatest impact worldwide. Three of the institutions with the highest production were North American. Multiple sclerosis and related disorders were the journal with the highest production of publications. Most papers were published in Q1 or Q2 journals.

CONCLUSION:
NMOSD-related articles are mostly published in first and second quartile journals, which would reflect a high interest of the scientific community. Publications with international collaboration reported a higher impact. Although African and South American regions have considerable prevalence of this disease, they do not have institutions with high productivity developing research on this disease.
Ocular hypertension and its predictor after a single Ozurdex implant
Authors: Mansoori Tarannum , Shiva Swathi , Balakrishna Nagalla 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
To determine the incidence and risk factors for an increase in the intraocular pressure (IOP) after a single dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Medical records of 41 consecutive eyes who had received a single 0.7 mg Ozurdex implant for the various vitreoretinal pathology, between March 2015 and April 2016 were reviewed retrospectively. Ocular hypertension (OHT) was defined as IOP of >22 mmHg or an increase in the IOP of >6 mmHg from the baseline. Univariate regression analysis was used to measure the predictor of OHT after the implant.

RESULTS:
Among the 41 eyes, who received a single Ozurdex intravitreal implant, 6/41 (14.6%) of the injected eyes had OHT, with the peak of IOP at 1 month after the injection when compared with the baseline IOP. Eight eyes (19.5%) had preexisting glaucoma or OHT, and 4/8 (50%) of them developed sustained elevation of IOP after the injection. Two eyes had transient OHT, a day after the implant, which did not require any treatment. All the eyes were managed with topical antiglaucoma medications and none required surgery to control the IOP. Preexisting OHT or glaucoma was found to be a significant risk factor for OHT after the Ozurdex injection (P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSION:
Patients with preexisting OHT or glaucoma have an increased risk of OHT following the Ozurdex implant and hence needs to be informed of the possible risk. Follow-up at a regular interval is mandatory to monitor and recognize OHT early and treat it appropriately.
Assessment of the effects of white cane variables on step symmetry of blind individuals
Authors: Rasouli Kahaki Zeinab , Razeghi Mohsen , Karimi Mohammad Taghi , Sanjari Mohammad Ali , Safarpour Ali Reza , Choobineh Alireza 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:Step symmetry is an important feature of human gait and is often regarded as a key index of healthy individuals’ walking. This study evaluated the effects of height, white cane technique, and cane tip on symmetrical gait in blind individuals.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Twenty blind and ten sighted subjects, aged 15–38 years, participated in this study. The harmonic ratio (HR) and improved HR (iHR) were measured by trunk accelerometer as gait symmetry index in three axes: anteroposterior (AP), vertical, and mediolateral of the body. These parameters were measured in the sighted group in open-eye conditions and in the blind group in five experimental conditions with different two heights (standard and long), two tips (pencil and roller), and two techniques (two-point touch and constant contact) of white cane when they walked in the 6-m path.RESULTS:There was a significant difference between HR and iHR of the blind and sighted group, which indicates a significant reduction of symmetry loss in the blind group. Among the five different conditions studied in the group of blind people, an increase was observed in the HR and the iHR on the AP axis during the application of a standard cane with a roller tip, which indicated an increase in symmetry.CONCLUSION:Based on the results, a long cane with a pencil tip and a standard cane with a roller tip in the constant contact technique can increase step symmetry.
Iatrogenic nasolacrimal duct obstruction after adnexal intervention
Authors: Mukherjee Bipasha , Gudkar Avriel Isaac , Nair Akshay Gopinathan , Poonam Nisar Sonam , Alam Md. Shahid 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
Isolated cases of nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) secondary to rhino-orbito-facial reconstructive surgeries have been reported previously. We report the clinical profiles and management outcomes of a series of patients with iatrogenic INDO.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Case records of all patients who presented with secondary NLDO over 5 years were retrospectively analyzed. The case series included seven patients with NLDO secondary to orbito-facial surgeries.

RESULTS:
The study included six males and one female patient with a mean age of 29 ± 12.58 years. All the patients had a history of road traffic accidents following which they underwent an open reduction and internal fixation by maxilla-facial surgeons. All of them presented to the Ophthalmology outpatient department with epiphora following the surgical intervention. Imaging revealed the implants were responsible for obstructing the nasolacrimal ducts in all seven cases. Five patients underwent external dacryocystorhinostomy while dacryocystectomy was performed in two. Implant removal was necessary for five patients without any compromise on the structural integrity of the orbital walls.

CONCLUSION:
Precise knowledge of the orbital anatomy, especially that of the lacrimal drainage system is imperative for surgeons performing surgeries in the midface area. A multidisciplinary approach and inclusion of surgeons trained in lacrimal surgeries can prevent such avoidable complications.
A prospective study on epidemiology of dacryocystitis at a tertiary eye care center in Northern India
Authors: Khatoon Joohi , Rizvi Syed Ali Raza , Gupta Yogesh , Alam Md. Shahid 
Published: May 2024

AIM:
The aim of this study is to study the prevalence, incidence, and the epidemiological characteristics of the patients of acquired dacryocystitis at a tertiary eye care center of Northern India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
It was a prospective, cross-sectional study carried out over a period of 2 years (July 2016–July 2018). The prevalence, incidence, and the epidemiological characteristics of acquired dacryocystitis were studied and analyzed. Chi-square test was used to test the qualitative distribution.

RESULTS:
A total of 212 cases were included in the study. The prevalence rate of dacryocystitis was 19.5 cases per 10,000 patients, and the incidence rate was 15 cases per 10,000 patients. Chronic dacryocystitis (183; 86.30%) was more commonly encountered clinical type than acute dacryocystitis. Majority of cases (204; 96.23%) were due to the primary acquired nasolacrimal duct (NLD) obstruction, whereas eight cases (3.78%) were due to the secondary acquired NLD obstruction. Females were more commonly affected (156; 73.58%). The mean age was 44.44 ± 18.95 (range: 12–86) years. Majority of the patients 108 (50.94%) belonged to 3rd–6th decades of life. The disease was more prevalent in people belonging to lower-middle socioeconomic class (92; 43.40%) living in rural areas (130; 61.32%) and the majority of them were housewives (125; 59%).

CONCLUSIONS:
The incidence and prevalence of acquired dacryocystitis were 15 and 19.5 cases per 10,000 patients. It was much more common in females of lower socioeconomic status and is seen commonly in the 3rd to 6th decades of life.
A cross-sectional study on the complications of inferotemporal laser peripheral iridotomy
Authors: Prathapan Manoj , Rughani Shreeya Pareshbhai , Shyam Praveena , Shah Kannisha Nainesh , Sujithra H. , Pillai Gopal S. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence of dysphotopsia and other associated complications after inferotemporal laser peripheral iridotomy (IT-LPI).

METHODS:
This is a cross-sectional study on patients who underwent IT-LPI with neodymium: yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser who were followed up for a minimum of 3 months.

RESULTS:
In our study, out of a total of 116 patients, new-onset dysphotopsia was reported in 6.03% and significant pain during the procedure in 12.93% of patients. Other complications noticed were photophobia in 29.31% (34/116), rise in intraocular pressure at the end of 3 months in 1.72%, pigment dispersion in 0.86%, epiretinal membrane formation in 04.31%, and cystoid macular edema in 1.72%. No patients had hyphema or diplopia.

CONCLUSIONS:
The incidence of dysphotopsia following IT-LPI was relatively low in our study and was comparable to the superior PI under full lid cover from the literature. Although dysphotopsia rates were not superior, no patient developed hyphema, which could be due to the remoteness of the laser spot to the larger blood vessels located at 3 and 9 o'clock positions. Furthermore, the procedure was well tolerated as significant pain was reported by only less than a quarter of the patients. Hence, IT-LPI can be considered an easy to perform, safe, and comfortable procedure for the patient.
Comparison of root canal transportation and centering after instrumentation through conservative and traditional access cavities using different file systems
Authors: Kadhim Samer Abbas , Mahdee Anas Falah , Ali Ahmed Hamid 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
While conservative access preparations could increase fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth, it may influence the shape of the prepared root canal. The aim of this study was to compare the prepared canal transportation and centering ability after continuous rotation or reciprocation instrumentation in teeth accessed through traditional or conservative endodontic cavities by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
Forty extracted intact, matured, and 2-rooted human maxillary first premolars were selected for this study. Teeth were equally divided into two groups according to the access cavity design (traditional or conservative). Each group (n = 20) was further subdivided according to instrumentation technique (n = 10) into rotary 2 shape and reciprocation R-motion file subgroups. The teeth were scanned pre and post instrumentation using Planmeca ProMax to obtain two CBCT images for each sample. Images were analyzed and root canal transportation and centering ability were calculated for both buccal and palatal roots at three levels from their apices (3, 5 to 7 mm).

Results:
Although conservative access cavities showed more canal transportation and less centering ability than the traditional one, there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) between them at all levels. Furthermore, no statistically significant difference has been identified in the same parameter between the two instrumentation techniques (continuous rotation and reciprocation) (P > 0.05). However, longer instrumentation time was measured in the conservative group compared to traditional.

Conclusion:
The size of endodontic access cavity has no effect on root canal transportation and centering ability when instrumentation was performed using 2 shape and R-motion file systems.
Does periodontal ligament removal using natural proteolytic enzymes alter the surface structure and microhardness of cementum of avulsed tooth? An in vitro analysis
Authors: Taneja Sonali , Dudeja Chetna , Bhalla Vidhi Kiran , Taneja Punya 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Surface treatment of avulsed tooth must be directed towards the debridement of necrotic periodontal fibers while having no effect on the cementum microhardness. The role of proteolytic enzymes on the periodontal ligament (PDL) surface and hardness of cementum has not been investigated in the literature.

Aim:
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 10% bromelain, 10% papain and 10% panzyme on root surface topography and microhardness of avulsed teeth.

Materials and Methods:
Forty healthy premolars were freshly extracted and randomly allocated into five treatment groups based on the surface agent employed; Group 1: 50 ml saline, Group 2:20 ml of 5.25% NaOCl, Group 3: 20 ml of 10% bromelain enzyme, Group 4: 20 ml of 10% papain enzyme, and Group 5: 20 ml of 10% mixed panzyme enzyme. The specimens were then subjected to confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopic examination. Supplemental set of freshly extracted forty premolars were decoronated longitudinally and one-half from each specimen was submitted for Vickers microhardness testing before and after application of the above-mentioned agents.

Statistical Analysis:
Intragroup comparison of mean percentage hardness reduction was assessed using paired t-test.

Results:
Treatment with NaOCl led to complete removal of PDL fibers with the presence of cracks and crazes on the root surface along with a significant reduction in microhardness. Bromelain and papain revealed regular and even distribution, while few PDL fibers were evident with papain. Panzyme revealed a shiny surface with minute cracks and a significant reduction in microhardness.

Conclusion:
Ten percentage bromelain for 10 min was effective in the removal of necrotic PDL fibers and preserved the cementum integrity better.
Selection of the best endodontic treatment option using data mining
Authors: Baghban Alireza Akbarzadeh , Zayeri Farid , Eghbal Mohammad Jafar , Parhizkar Ardavan , Asgary Saeed 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
The presence of postendodontic pain is an important issue, which can affect the patients' quality of life. Appropriate treatment selection, based on specific characteristics (e.g., clinical test results and patients' demographics), may reduce postendodontic pain. We aimed to evaluate the relationship of data mining algorithms in longitudinal data of postendodontic pain and treatment allocation to predict the best treatment option.

Materials and Methods:
The pain data of an original multicenter randomized clinical trial with two study arms, pulpotomy with mineral trioxide aggregate (PMTA) (n = 188) and root canal therapy (RCT) (n = 168), were used. The linear mixed-effects model and predictive algorithms were fitted in accordance with the personal characteristics of patients and diagnostic test results to determine the best treatment option. Using SPSS 23, SAS 9.1, and WEKA 3.6.9, the preferred treatment was identified via comparing the areas below the receiver operating characteristic curves and identifying the most appropriate algorithm. In addition, a decision tree was used to allocate the best type of treatment modality to reduce posttreatment pain.

Results:
For

<
18-year-old patients with irreversible pulpitis (IP) based on cold test and >18-year-old patients whose electrical pulp test (EPT) exhibited IP, the chosen treatment would be RCT (P < 0.05). However, for >18-year-old patients with IP based on cold test and <18-year-old patients whose EPT revealed IP, the recommended treatment would be PMTA (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
The decision tree model seems to be able to predict the reduction of postendodontic pain in ~65% of patients if they receive optimal treatment.
Assessment of the relative efficacy of fluoridated toothpaste with and without eggshell-derived calcium oxide in the prevention of primary tooth enamel demineralization
Authors: Remi R. V. , Shankarappa Prathibha Rani , Anantharaj A. , Praveen P. , Sudhir R. 
Published: May 2024

Background:
During the cariogenic challenges, the anticaries action of fluoride is limited by the bioavailability of calcium and phosphate in saliva. This mandates the use of additional extrinsic sources of calcium and phosphate to enhance the anticaries potential of fluoride.

Aim:
This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of fluoridated toothpaste with and without eggshell-derived calcium oxide in the prevention of primary tooth enamel demineralization.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty samples were obtained from 15 extracted primary second molars and allocated to one of four groups: Group A for baseline Vickers hardness testing, Group B was subjected to demineralization only, Group C was treated with fluoridated toothpaste solution, and Group D was treated with fluoridated toothpaste and chicken eggshell powder solution. Surface microhardness and the amount of calcium that was leached into the demineralizing solutions of groups B, C, and D were statistically assessed after 7 days of pH cycling.

Results:
The mean Vickers hardness values of groups A, B, C, and D were 402.68, 366.28, 392.79, and 395.27, respectively. The mean calcium concentration released into demineralizing solution of groups B, C, and D were 35.52, 29.12, and 27.12, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between the fluoridated toothpaste with and without eggshell powder.

Conclusion:
Both fluoridated toothpaste with and without eggshell-derived calcium oxide were equally effective in the prevention of primary tooth enamel demineralization.
Prevalence of pulp stones using digital panoramic radiograph
Authors: Indrapriyadharshini Jawahar , Sharma Ayyapan Narendira , Vineeth Ramanathan , Surenthar Mouttoukichenin , Mohanapriya Satyanarayanan , Srinivasan Subramanian Vasudevan 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Isolated calcified masses found in the pulpal space of teeth are called pulp stones (PS). Different populations demonstrate a varied prevalence of PS.

Aim:
The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the prevalence of PS in the Pondicherry population, along with its relationships with gender, age, tooth type, and location using digital panoramic radiographs.

Materials and Methods:
One hundred good-quality digital panoramic radiographs of healthy individuals between 18 and 70 years were selected from the records of the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. PS were recognized as well-defined dense radiopaque masses in the intrapulpal space. Two examiners independently analyzed the radiographs for the presence of PS.

Results:
Out of 100 radiographs, PS were found in 54 radiographs. Males showed a higher incidence (57.4%) than females (42.6%). Furthermore, patients between 20 and 35 years showed a greater prevalence (64.81%) and the incidence was higher in the maxillary arch (70%) than the mandibular arch (30%) with the right side being more frequent. In addition, first molars showed a greater overall prevalence.

Conclusion:
It was found that the prevalence of PS was 54%. Digital panoramic radiographs can be used as a preliminary investigative technique for the identification of PS.
Association of muscle health impairment and atherosclerosis with major osteoporotic fracture risk in Taiwanese Vegetarians
Authors: Chen Chia-Ching , Teng Li-Yun , Chien Sou-Hsin , Tsai Sen-Wei 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
Despite the beneficial effects of “vegetarian style” diet on atherosclerosis, it is also proven potentially detrimental to bone health. The influence of muscle health or atherosclerosis on major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) risk in vegetarians has rarely been explored. This prospective study aimed to investigate an association of MOF risk with muscle health and atherosclerosis in vegetarians.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a questionnaire survey with the Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) on 39 vegetarians. The 10-year probability of MOF was determined using the Taiwanese Fracture Risk Assessment (FRAX®) calculator. Appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM) mass and bone mineral density were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical performance was evaluated using the 6-min walk test (6MWT). Common carotid artery intima–media thickness (ccIMT) was determined using sonography. Serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), Vitamin D, adiponectin, and leptin were measured.

Results:
Eleven (28.2%) of 39 vegetarians had a moderate-high risk of MOF, defined by FRAX-calculated risk ≥10%. These subjects had lower ASM (P < 0.005) and 6MWT distances (P < 0.01) but greater ccIMT than those with low risk. The MOF risk was negatively correlated with ASM (r = −0.51, P < 0.001) and 6MWT distances (r = −0.62, P < 0.001) but positively correlated with ccIMT (r = 0.56, P < 0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed that MOF risk scores were negatively associated with ASM and 6MWT distance while positively associated with ccIMT. There was no significant association of MOF risk with MNA scores, serum levels of PTH, Vitamin D, adiponectin, or leptin.

Conclusion:
Decreased ASM mass, reduced physical performance, and atherosclerosis are significantly associated with MOF risk in vegetarians.