bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances in Stereodynamics and Conformational Analysis by Dynamic NMR and Theoretical Calculations
Authors: Casarini Daniele , Lunazzi Lodovico , Mazzanti Andrea 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of the Glucocorticoid Receptor, a Flexible Protein That Can Adapt to Different Ligands
Authors: Veleiro Adriana S. , Alvarez Lautaro D. , Eduardo Silvina L. , Burton Gerardo 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Standortdienstleister: Allianz auf lange Sicht
Authors: Weihers H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDie Entscheidung für einen Produktionsstandort hat weit reichende Konsequenzen. Häufig binden sich die Unternehmen für den gesamten Lebenszyklus einer oder sogar mehrerer Anlagen an den Standort. Zehn bis zwanzig Jahre sind daher keine Seltenheit. Im Industriesektor stellen Chemie‐ und Industrieparks zwar bereits eine Vielzahl von Leistungen bereit, die den Produzenten die Konzentration auf ihr Kerngeschäft ermöglichen sollen, trotzdem unterscheiden sich selbst deutsche Chemieparks teilweise deutlich voneinander. So sind eine Vielzahl von Faktoren zu berücksichtigen, die weit über die eigentliche Bauphase hinausgehen.
Katalytische Umsetzung von Cellobiose
Authors: Liauw M. A. , Winterle S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDurch den Einsatz von Ruthenium‐Nanopartikeln in Kombination mit sauer funktionalisierten ionischen Flüssigkeiten (ILs) gelingt es, Cellobiose direkt zu Sorbitol, Sorbitan und Isosorbid umzusetzen. Hierbei wird die Selektivität der Reaktion durch die Wahl des Lösungsmittels bestimmt und kann von 94/0/6 (D‐Sorbitol/Sorbitan/Isosorbid) über 53/45/2 bis 5/0/95 eingestellt werden.
„Piloting Excellence”︁ – Verfahrensentwicklung und Pilotanlagenbetrieb als Dienstleistung in moderner Industrieparkstruktur
Authors: Alberti K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDie Wettbewerbsfähigkeit und Zukunftsfähigkeit der chemischen Industrie hängt von der Innovationsleistung der einzelnen Unternehmen ab. Wettbewerbsvorteile entstehen, wenn gute Ideen besser und vor allem schneller im globalen Wettbewerb umgesetzt werden können. Nach wie vor ist intelligente, hartnäckige Entwicklungsarbeit gefragt, um Kundenanforderungen in innovative Lösungsansätze, Produkte und Produktionsverfahren zu übersetzen.
Architecture design of high‐efficient and non‐memory AES crypto‐core for WPAN
Authors: Chen Rong‐Jian , Lin Jun‐Jian , Hung Su‐Min , Lai Jui‐Lin , Horng Shi‐Jinn 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper presents the architecture design of a high‐efficient and non‐memory Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) crypto‐core to fit WPAN security requirement. The proposed basis transformation approach from Galois Field (28) to Galois Field GF(((22)2)2) can significantly reduce the hardware complexity of the SubBytes Transformation (S‐box). Besides, the on‐the‐fly key expansion function is used to replace the RAM‐based, and the new on‐the‐fly key scheduler fully supports AES‐128, AES‐192 and AES‐256. Moreover, resource‐sharing scheme will also be employed to reduce the hardware complexity of the cipher and decipher. FPGA experiment results show that the AES core works at 175.75 MHz clock. It takes about 33 clocks and 66 clocks to complete an AES‐128 encryption and decryption, respectively. That is, the corresponding throughputs are 681.7 and 340.85 Mbps. The hardware cost of the AES design is about 2420 slices with 3‐in‐1 key scheduler included. Experiment results also show that the proposed design is suitable for integration into the WPAN chips due to its acceptable power dissipation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An active‐diode‐based CMOS rectifier for biomedical power harvesting applications
Authors: Gong Cihun‐Siyong Alex 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA fully integrated and near lossless CMOS rectifier, intended for inductively powered electronic medical devices, is presented. By making use of high‐performance active diodes fulfilling almost ideal switching (zero forward voltage drop) and circuit to be provided with negative resistance, the proposed design is able to achieve a maximum conversion efficiency of more than 90% when designed in a 0.18‐ µm standard CMOS process, without any special device requiring additional manufacturing procedures. As a result, the proposed design dramatically reduces the production cost. Estimations in all aspects regarding the performance of the rectifier are given in this paper. Experimental results from the fabricated chip are also included in this paper. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of lateral hydrological processes on photosynthesis and evapotranspiration in a boreal ecosystem
Authors: Govind Ajit , Chen Jing Ming , McDonnell Jeffery , Kumari Jyothi , Sonnentag Oliver 
Published: June 2010

AbstractLandscape‐scale hydrological processes can greatly alter the local‐scale water balance and many ecological processes linked to it. We hypothesized that in humid forest ecosystems, topographically driven lateral subsurface flow (SSF) has significant influence on ecophysiological processes such as gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET). To investigate how simplified hydrological conceptualizations influence the simulated ET and GPP in space and time, we conducted a numerical experiment using a spatially explicit hydroecological model, BEPS‐TerrainLab V2.0. We constructed three modelling scenarios: (1) Explicit, where a realistic calculation of SSF was employed considering topographic controls, (2) Implict, where the SSF calculations were based on a bucket‐modelling approach and (3) NoFlow, where the SSF was turned‐off in the model. Statistical analyses of model outputs showed considerable differences among the three scenarios for the simulated GPP and ET. The NoFlow scenario generally underestimated GPP and ET, while the Implicit scenario overestimated them relative to the Explicit scenario, both in time and space. GPP was more sensitive to SSF than ET because of the presence of unique compensatory mechanisms associated with the subcomponents of the total ET. The key mechanisms controlling GPP and ET were manifested through nonlinear changes in stomatal conductance, unique contributions from GPP and ET subcomponents, alterations in rhizosphere wetting patterns and their impacts on upscaling mechanisms and variability in nitrogen dynamics (for GPP). Feedback and interactive relationships between hydrological and ecophysiological processes also exacerbated the biases. Thus, we conclude that ecological models that have simplified hydrological representations could have significant errors in the estimation of GPP and ET. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spectral reflectance and photosynthetic properties of Sphagnum mosses exposed to progressive drought
Authors: Harris Angela 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis article explores the utility of spectral reflectance signals to assess changes in the photosynthetic efficiency (ΦPSII) of Sphagnum mosses exposed to reductions in water availability. Reflectance was measured in parallel to moisture content and chlorophyll fluorescence in five species of Sphagnum exposed to progressive drought. Decreases in moisture availability caused a significant reduction in ΦPSII for all samples tested. An objective was to ascertain whether Sphagnum ΦPSII was better correlated with (i) spectral indices directly related to photosynthetic processes through association with xanthophyll cycle pigmentation (the photochemical reflectance index; PRI), or (ii) indices indirectly correlated with photosynthetic activity but able to detect changes in canopy morphology (the normalized difference vegetation index; NDVI), chlorophyll stability (the structure insensitive pigment index; SIPI), or canopy moisture content (the floating water band index; fWBI). Strongest correlations were found between ΦPSII and indices which were indirectly related to ΦPSII. Both the SIPI and the NDVI exhibited linear correlations although these relationships were sometimes sample‐specific. The fWBI was the index least affected by sample‐specific relationships and showed a strong curvilinear correlation with ΦPSII. Photosynthetic efficiency was correlated with the PRI but relationships were much weaker than for the other indices used, and in some cases negative. The NDVI and the fWBI show the most potential for monitoring Sphagnum photosynthetic activity at the ecosystem scale. The results from this study will help to monitor and understand the responses of these key species to hydrological disturbances. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NKT cells, Treg, and their interactions in bone marrow transplantation
Authors: Kohrt Holbrook E. , Pillai Asha B. , Lowsky Robert , Strober Samuel 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a potentially curative treatment for patients with leukemia and lymphoma. Tumor eradication is promoted by the anti‐tumor activity of donor T cells contained in the transplant; however, donor T cells also mediate the serious side effect of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Separation of GVHD from graft anti‐tumor activity is an important goal of research in improving transplant outcome. One approach is to take advantage of the immunomodulatory activity of regulatory NKT cells and CD4+CD25+ Treg of host and/or donor origin. Both host and donor NKT cells and donor Treg are able to prevent GVHD in murine models. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of NKT cell‐ and Treg‐mediated protection against GVHD in mice while maintaining graft anti‐tumor activity. In addition, we also examine the interactions between NKT cells and Treg in the context of BMT, and integrate the data from murine experimental models with the observations made in humans.
Mast cells in allergy and infection: Versatile effector and regulatory cells in innate and adaptive immunity
Authors: Galli Stephen J. , Tsai Mindy 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMast cells are widely distributed in tissues, particularly near surfaces exposed to the environment. Mast cells can be activated to secrete diverse mediators and cytokines by IgE and specific Ag and many other stimuli, including products derived from either pathogens or the host during innate immune responses. Although mast cells are best known for their role in IgE‐associated allergic disorders, mast cells can also exacerbate models of autoimmunity, enhance the sensitization and/or effector phases of certain cutaneous contact hypersensitivity responses, and increase inflammation and mortality during some severe bacterial infections. In other settings, however, mast cells can limit inflammation and tissue injury: mast cells promote host resistance in certain models of bacterial or parasite infection, limit pathology during some acquired immune responses to environmental Ag, including examples of severe contact hypersensitivity, and have adjuvant‐like properties that can enhance the development of protective immunity against pathogens. These and other findings suggest that mast cells occupy a critical niche at the interface of innate and acquired immunity, where, depending on circumstances that remain to be fully understood, mast cells may function to perturb or help to restore homeostasis (or both), with consequences that can either promote health or contribute to disease.
Cover Picture: Eur. J. Immunol. 7/10
Authors: Lax Siân , Hardie Debbie L. , Wilson Amy , Douglas Mike R. , Anderson Graham , Huso David , Isacke Clare M. , Buckley Christopher D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe cover image for this issue has been designed in honor of the 14th International Congress of Immunology (ICI, August 22–27, 2010; www.ici2010.org), to be held in Kobe, Japan. The Kanji characters were proposed by the organizers of the meeting, and represent the study () of immunity (), i.e. immunology (). Underneath, the characters for creativity (), dream (), and future () are shown and represent the concept that, with creativity and some inspiration, we may anticipate a bright future for immunological studies. The image is a composition of the classic Japanese woodprint Mount Fuji in Clear Weather (also known as Red Fuji) by Katsushika Hokusai and immunofluorescent staining of CD248 in wild‐type MEF, adapted from an article in this issue by Lax et al. (pp. 1884–1889)
Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of Bis(fluoroalkanesulfon)amide‐Based Ionic Liquids
Authors: Zhang Cheng‐Pan , Wang Zong‐Ling , Chen Qing‐Yun , Zhang Chun‐Tao , Gu Yu‐Cheng , Xiao Ji‐Chang 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA series of bis(fluoroalkanesulfon)amides were synthesized in good yield from the reaction of fluoroalkanesulfonamides and fluoroalkylsulfonyl fluorides. Ionic liquids based on these amide anions and an imidazolium cation demonstrated high densities and a wide temperature range for the liquid state.
A Hydroscopic Self‐Catenated Net Formed by Borromean Layers Interlocked by Ferrocenyl Bridging Ligands
Authors: Shi Xianju , Wang Weiyin , Hou Hongwei , Fan Yaoting 
Published: June 2010

AbstractReaction of a flexible tripodal ligand, 1,3,5‐tris(1,2,4‐triazol‐1‐ylmethyl)‐2,4,6‐trimethylbenzene (tttmb), and an organometallic carboxylate 1,1′‐bis(3‐carboxy‐1‐oxopropyl)ferrocene (H2bfcs) with Cd(Ac)2·2H2O yields a trinodal, self‐catenated 3D layer pillar complex {[Cd3(bfcs)3(tttmb)2(H2O)4]·8H2O}n (1), which is formed by connecting 2D hexagonal CdII–tttmb Borromean layers through ferrocenyl bridges in both inter‐ and intralayers. The complex can undergo a dehydrated and rehydrated process in a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal manner without affecting the overall framework. The amorphous sample of 1 can be regenerated by water to the crystalline material again. In addition, the nitrogen adsorption property of 1 was also investigated.
Discrete, Base‐Free, Cationic Alkaline‐Earth Complexes – Access and Catalytic Activity in the Polymerization of Lactide
Authors: Sarazin Yann , Poirier Valentin , Roisnel Thierry , Carpentier Jean‐François 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWell‐defined, base free cations of zinc and the alkaline‐earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) supported by a multidentate phenolate ligand and stabilized by perfluorinated weakly coordinating counterions are readily available by simple procedures; the solid‐state structures of the magnesium and calcium derivatives were elucidated. Upon treatment with an excess of iPrOH, these complexes generate highly efficient binary catalytic systems for the immortal ring‐opening polymerization of L‐lactide, yielding poly(L‐lactide)s with controlled architectures and molecular features.
Computational Study of C–H Insertion Reactions with Ethyl Bromodiazoacetate
Authors: Bonge Hanne Therese , Hansen Tore 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA computational study of C–H insertion reactions between ethyl bromodiazoacetate and three different substrates is presented. The mechanism of the C–H insertion is shown to be substrate dependent; the reaction follows either a concerted mechanism or a two‐step mechanism in which complete hydride transfer precedes C–C bond formation.
An Enantioselective Synthesis of the Epoxyquinol (+)‐Isoepiepoformin
Authors: White Lorenzo V. , Dietinger Christine E. , Pinkerton David M. , Willis Anthony C. , Banwell Martin G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe epoxyquinol natural product (+)‐isoepiepoformin (1) has been synthesized for the first time and in an unambiguous fashion by using the scalemic cis‐1,2‐dihydrocatechol 2 as starting material. The spectroscopic data derived from the synthetic sample of compound 1 match those reported in the literature for the natural product and thereby confirm the structure assigned to the latter.
Chemometric and biological validation of a capillary electrophoresis metabolomic experiment of Schistosoma mansoni infection in mice
Authors: Garcia‐Perez Isabel , Angulo Santiago , Utzinger Jürg , Holmes Elaine , Legido‐Quigley Cristina , Barbas Coral 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMetabonomic and metabolomic studies are increasingly utilized for biomarker identification in different fields, including biology of infection. The confluence of improved analytical platforms and the availability of powerful multivariate analysis software have rendered the multiparameter profiles generated by these omics platforms a user‐friendly alternative to the established analysis methods where the quality and practice of a procedure is well defined. However, unlike traditional assays, validation methods for these new multivariate profiling tools have yet to be established. We propose a validation for models obtained by CE fingerprinting of urine from mice infected with the blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni. We have analysed urine samples from two sets of mice infected in an inter‐laboratory experiment where different infection methods and animal husbandry procedures were employed in order to establish the core biological response to a S. mansoni infection. CE data were analysed using principal component analysis. Validation of the scores consisted of permutation scrambling (100 repetitions) and a manual validation method, using a third of the samples (not included in the model) as a test or prediction set. The validation yielded 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity, demonstrating the robustness of these models with respect to deciphering metabolic perturbations in the mouse due to a S. mansoni infection. A total of 20 metabolites across the two experiments were identified that significantly discriminated between S. mansoni‐infected and noninfected control samples. Only one of these metabolites, allantoin, was identified as manifesting different behaviour in the two experiments. This study shows the reproducibility of CE‐based metabolic profiling methods for disease characterization and screening and highlights the importance of much needed validation strategies in the emerging field of metabolomics.
Synthesis and characterization of a Hyaluronan‐polyethylene copolymer for biomedical applications
Authors: Floreani Rachael , Cranson Cody N. , James Susan P. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractHyaluronan (HA)‐based biomaterials are of interest for bone and cartilage tissue engineering because HA plays an important role in orthopedic tissue development, function, and repair. The goal of this project was to develop a biomaterial that incorporated the constituents of both a hydrogel and a hydrophobic polymer for biomedical applications. A series of amphiphilic graft copolymers consisting of HA, a glycosaminoglycan, and high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), that is, HA‐co‐HDPE, were fabricated. The chemical characteristics, physical and viscoelastic properties, and cytocompatibility of novel HA‐co‐HDPE materials were characterized via Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic shear testing, and an in vitro human osteoblast cell study. The esterification reaction between HA and functionalized HDPE resulted in semicrystalline, insoluble powder. The dynamic shear properties of HA‐co‐HDPE concentrated solutions were more like natural proteoglycans than the HA control. HA‐co‐HDPE was successfully compression molded into disks that swelled upon hydration. Osteoblasts were viable and expressed the osteoblast phenotype after 7 days of culture on HA‐co‐HDPE materials. These HA‐co‐HDPE materials may have several biomaterial applications in saline suspension or molded form, including orthopedic tissue repair. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Eightfold increased membrane flux of NF 270 by O3 oxidation of natural humic acids without deteriorated permeate quality
Authors: Van Geluwe Steven , Vinckier Chris , Bobu Emil , Trandafir Christian , Vanelslander Jeroen , Braeken Leen , Van der Bruggen Bart 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Membrane fouling by humic acids limits the water recovery of nanofiltration in drinking water production. This article investigates if membrane fouling can be reduced by decomposition of humic acids in the concentrate stream by O3 oxidation.RESULTS: At a specific O3 dose of 2.11 g O3 per g COD (17.0 g m−3 O3 (g) for 20 min), a COD reduction of 38% and a hydrophobic COD reduction of 69% is achieved. The membrane permeability of the ozonated solution by NF 270 membranes is higher (20.6 × 10−9 L s−1 m−2 Pa−1) than the permeability if the untreated solution is filtered (2.4 × 10−9 L s−1 m−2 Pa−1). The COD retention of the ozonated solution was similar to the retention of the untreated samples. The addition of H2O2 allows a better mineralization degree, i.e. UVA removal increased from 53% to 66% if H2O2 was added as from 10 min oxidation at the same molar flow rate as O3.CONCLUSION: O3 oxidation can substantially alleviate membrane fouling by humic acids in nanofiltration systems and the addition of H2O2 can slightly improve its decomposition. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
KLa measurement in two‐phase partitioning bioreactors: new insights on potential errors at low power input
Authors: Quijano Guillermo , Chávez‐Avila Raúl , Muñoz Raúl , Thalasso Frédéric , Ordaz Alberto 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Two‐phase partitioning bioreactors (TPPBs) are based on the addition of a non‐aqueous phase (NAP) to a biological process in order to overcome a limited delivery of gaseous substrates to the microorganisms in the case of compounds with low affinity for water. However, the high power input (Pg/V) required to disperse the NAP is often the major limitation for TPPB applications at full scale. Therefore, the accurate determination of the overall mass transfer coefficient (KLa) at low Pg/V values is a critical issue as these operational conditions are more attractive from a scale‐up point of view.RESULTS: NAP addition altered the typical shape of the dissolved oxygen curves used for KLa determination at the lowest Pg/V values tested (70–80 W m−3). Below a threshold Pg/V value of 600 W m−3, the presence of the NAP increased the error in KLa measurements up to 115% relative to controls deprived of NAP.CONCLUSIONS: The error in KLa measurements at low Pg/V values might be related to failures in the fundamental assumption regarding liquid phase homogeneity in the mass transfer model used. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Ternary liquid equilibria system: Acetic acid + water + toluene
Authors: Dakshinamurty P. , Subrahmanyam V. , Rao M. Narsimha 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPhase equilibrium data for the ternary liquid‐liquid system acetic acid + water + toluene were determined at 30, 40 and 60 °C adopting the method of Dakshinamurty et al. The phase equilibrium data at 30 °C and the tie line data at 30, 40 and 60 °C obtained by the above method were compared with the data obtained by the method of Othmer, White and Trueger and a fair agreement between the data sets was obtained. The tie line data were well correlated by the methods of Hand and of Othmer and Tobias. At the three temperatures the solute (acetic acid) is in greater weight fraction in the aqueous phase. The distribution was shown to be temperature dependent.