bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring health literacy competencies in community pharmacy
Authors: Emmerton Lynne M. , Mampallil Liz , Kairuz Therese , McKauge Leigh M. , Bush Robert A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground  Health literacy is the ability to obtain, interpret and use health information. Low rates of health literacy in Australia have been suggested, but no validated measure exists.Objective  To explore health literacy competencies in a sample of community pharmacy consumers.Design  Structured interviews were undertaken by a team of researchers during August, 2009. The instrument was derived from available literature, measuring aspects of functional, interactive and critical health literacy regarding use of medicines.Setting and participants  Twelve community pharmacies in the Brisbane region, Australia.Results  Six hundred and forty‐seven consumers participated; 64% were women. A wide distribution of ages was evident. English was the first language of 89% of respondents. More than half of the sample (55%), predominantly aged 26–45 years, was tertiary educated. While 87% of respondents recognized a sample prescription, 20% could not readily match the prescription to a labelled medicine box. Eighty‐two percentage of respondents interpreted ‘three times a day’ appropriately, but interpretation of a standard ancillary label was highly variable. Advanced age, less formal education, non‐English‐speaking background and male gender were independently related to lower performance in some variables.Discussion  This health literacy measure applied comprehension and numeracy skills required of adults receiving prescription medications. While the majority of consumers adequately performed these tasks, some behaviours and responses were of sufficient concern to propose additional verbal and written information interventions by pharmacy staff.Conclusions  This research provides insight into issues that may affect consumers’ appropriate use of medicines and self‐efficacy. Initiatives to improve public health literacy are warranted.
‘In Vitro’ Capacitation and Acrosome Reaction are Concomitant with Specific Changes in Mitochondrial Activity in Boar Sperm: Evidence for a Nucleated Mitochondrial Activation and for the Existence of a Capacitation‐Sensitive Subpopulational Structure
Authors: Ramió‐Lluch L , Fernández‐Novell JM , Peña A , Colás C , Cebrián‐Pérez JA , Muiño‐Blanco T , Ramírez A , Concha II , Rigau T , Rodríguez‐Gil JE 
Published: December 2010

ContentsThe main scope of this manuscript is to analyse the dynamics of mitochondrial activity in boar sperm subjected to ‘in vitro’ capacitation (IVC) and subsequent progesterone‐induced ‘in vitro’ acrosome reaction (IVAR). This was determined after analysis of the rhythm of O2 consumption and concomitant changes in the mitochondria activity‐specific JC‐1 staining. Results showed that IVC, and especially IVAR, was concomitant with a peak in O2 consumption (from 1.61 ± 0.08 nmol O2/min/107 viable sperm at 0 h of incubation to 2.62 ± 0.12 nmol O2/min/107 viable sperm after 5 min of IVAR induction). These results were accompanied by parallel changes in the mean intensity of JC‐1 staining. Based on JC‐1, mitochondrial activation followed a nucleated pattern, with specific, activation starting points at the midpiece from which mitochondrial activation was spread. Moreover, four separate sperm subpopulations were detected following the JC‐1 orange‐red/green ratio, and the observed changes in the mean JC‐1 staining during IVC and IVAR were related to concomitant changes in both the orange‐red/green JC‐1 ratio and the percentage of sperm included in each subpopulation. All of these results indicate that IVC and the first minutes of IVAR are accompanied by a progressive increase in mitochondrial activity, which reached a peak coincidental with the achievement of IVAR. Moreover, results suggest the presence of separate sperm subpopulations, which show a different mitochondrial sensitivity to IVC and IVAR. Finally, mitochondrial activation, at least under JC‐1 staining, seems to originate in concrete nucleation points at the midpiece, thus suggesting thus a well‐coordinated pattern in boar‐sperm mitochondrial activity modulation.
The Ovulatory Response of Anoestrous Goats Exposed to the Male Effect in the Subtropics is Unrelated to their Follicular Diameter at Male Exposure
Authors: Delgadillo JA , Ungerfeld R , Flores JA , Hernandez H , Fitz‐Rodríguez G 
Published: December 2010

ContentsThis study was designed to determine whether the follicular diameter at the introduction of the bucks influences the ovarian response in does exposed to males during the anoestrous season in the subtropics. Bucks (n = 4) were subjected to 2.5 months of long days from November 1st to stimulate their sexual activity. On 29th March, one of the four treated males was joined with the females (n = 13), being exchanged with other males every 12 h, during 10 days. Oestrous behaviour was recorded twice daily. Ultrasound examinations of the ovaries were performed once daily from Day ‐7 to ‐1 and twice daily from Day 0 to 6. Follicles that ovulate were categorized according to the diameter at the moment when females were joined with males, as Small (<3.9 mm), Medium (4.0–5.9 mm) or Large (>6.0 mm). All females ovulated (13/13) and 12 came into oestrus during the first 5 days after exposure to males. The growth rate of the follicles increased after the introduction of the bucks from 1.1 ± 0.1 mm per day to 1.5 ± 0.1 mm per day (p < 0.05). The percentage of follicles from each category that ovulated did not differ (p > 0.05; Small 47.8%; Medium 34.8% and Large 17.4%). From follicles that ovulated, the growth rate of those that were Small at the moment of the introduction of the bucks was greater (2.1 ± 0.1 mm per day; p < 0.05) than that observed in those that were Medium (1.3 ± 0.1 mm per day) and Large follicles (1.1 ± 0.1 mm per day). In 12 does, the largest follicle present in the ovaries was growing when bucks were introduced. From these follicles, five finally ovulated and seven finally regressed. In conclusion, the follicular diameter at the introduction of the bucks is not related to the oestrous behaviour and ovulatory responding patterns in female goats exposed to sexually active bucks in the subtropics.
Impact of Fine‐ or Large‐Needle Aspiration on Canine Testes: Clinical, In Vivo Ultrasonographic and Seminological Assessment
Authors: Gouletsou PG , Galatos AD , Leontides LS , Sideri AI 
Published: December 2010

ContentsThe safety and consequences of fine‐ (FNA) and large‐needle aspiration (LNA) to the testicular parenchyma and its normal function have not been thoroughly established. This study was performed to accurately assess, by serial clinical, in vivo ultrasonographic and seminological examinations, the type and extent of the effect of FNA or LNA on canine testes. Eighteen sexually mature, 1–2 years old, healthy laboratory Beagles were used. One of their testes was aspirated using a 23‐G butterfly needle (FN) and the other using a 19‐G butterfly needle (LN). Two dogs at a time were orchiectomized 10, 60 min, 2, 14, 29, 63, 76, 90 or 180 days post‐aspiration. Five and 2 days and 1 h before aspiration (in all dogs), immediately post‐aspiration, and 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 14, 19, 29, 35, 43, 49, 56, 63, 70, 76, 90, 111, 132 and 180 days post‐aspiration (in the remaining intact dogs), evaluation of scrotal surface temperature over each testis, evaluation of scrotum‐testis volume by electronic sliding callipers, ultrasonographic evaluation of testicular volume and texture and clinical and semen examination were performed. Following FNA and LNA, the clinical and ultrasonographic appearance of the testis were normal. Sperm production nearly always remained unchanged, with the exception of a slight decrease in spermatozoal motility 2–14 days post‐aspiration. However, even then, with the exception of six samples, spermatozoal motility was above normal values. Within the parameters of this experiment, testicular FNA and LNA have no ill effect on sperm production or clinical and ultrasonographic appearance of the canine testis, and therefore, both FNA and LNA should be considered safe.
Petrochemistry and tectonic setting of mafic volcanic rocks in the Chon Daen–Wang Pong area, Phetchabun, Thailand
Authors: Boonsoong Apichet , Panjasawatwong Yuenyong , Metparsopsan Keatisak 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe mafic volcanic rocks and hypabyssal rocks in the Chon Dean‐Wang Pong area are possibly the southern extension of the western Loei Volcanic Sub‐belt, Northeast Thailand. They are least‐altered, and might have been formed in Permian–Triassic times. The rocks are commonly porphyritic, with different amounts of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, amphibole, Fe–Ti oxide, unknown mafic mineral, and apatite phenocrysts or microphenocrysts, and are uncommonly seriate textured. The groundmass mainly shows an intergranular texture, with occasionally hyalophitic, intersertal and ophitic–subophitic textures. The groundmass constituents have the same minerals as the phenocrysts or microphenocrysts and may contain altered glass. The groundmass plagioclase laths may show a preferred orientation. Chemically, the studied rock samples can be separated into three magmatic groups: Group I, Group II, and Group III. These magmatic groups are different in values for Ti/Zr ratios. The averaged Ti/Zr values for Group I, Group II, and Group III rocks are 83 ± 6, 46 ± 12, and 29 ± 5, respectively. In addition, the Group I rocks have higher P/Zr, but lower Zr/Nb relative to Group II and Group III rocks. The Group I and Group II rocks comprise tholeiitic andesite–basalt and microdiorite–microgabbro, while the Group III rocks are calc‐alkalic andesite and microdiorite. According to the magmatic affinities and the negative Nb anomalies on normal mid‐oceanic ridge basalt (N‐MORB) normalized multi‐element plot, arc‐related lavas are persuasive. The similarity between the studied lavas and the Quaternary lavas from the northern Kyukyu Arc, in terms of chondrite‐normalized rare earth element (REE) patterns and N‐MORB normalized multi‐element patterns, leads to a conclusion that the mafic volcanic rocks and hypabyssal rocks in the Chon Daen–Wang Pong area have been formed in a volcanic arc environment.
Coping strategies of adults with leukemia undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Iran: a qualitative study
Authors: Farsi Zahra , Dehghan Nayeri Nahid , Negarandeh Reza 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) causes significant physical, social, psychological, and emotional stress in patients with leukemia. This qualitative study using semi‐structured interviews explored the coping strategies of 10 adults with acute leukemia who were undergoing this form of treatment in transplantation units in a major hospital in Tehran, Iran, from 2009 to 2010. A content analysis identified eight themes and 13 subthemes that described the participants' coping strategies. The major themes were: attribution, denial and avoidance, connection with divine purpose, organizing treatment, seeking social support, modifying, reflection, and patience and resignation. A deeper understanding of the coping strategies that are used by patients with leukemia undergoing HSCT can help healthcare providers to encourage patients to use strategies that are likely to be more effective. Such coping strategies also can help patients to achieve a greater sense of empowerment.
Face‐to‐face versus online tuition: Preference, performance and pass rates in white and ethnic minority students
Authors: Richardson John T. E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAttainment in higher education tends to be poorer in ethnic minority students than in white students. This study examined whether this attainment gap was affected by the introduction of online tuition. Data were obtained from students who had taken courses in either arts or management with the UK Open University and had opted for either face‐to‐face or online tuition. The arts courses had a higher proportion of white students and lower proportions of Asian and black students than the management courses. Nevertheless, white and ethnic minority students gave similar reasons for choosing face‐to‐face tuition or online tuition. In the management courses but not in the arts courses, the pass rate was lower in students who had received online tuition than in students who had received face‐to‐face tuition. Regardless of the discipline or mode of tuition, black students tended to obtain lower marks and lower pass rate than white students, but Asian students did not. It is concluded that online tuition is an appropriate form of student support in both campus‐based and distance education but that the attainment gap in ethnic minority students probably does not arise from the nature and quality of their interactions with teachers and other students.
Adolescents born extremely preterm: behavioral outcomes and quality of life
Authors: HALLIN ANNE‐LI , STJERNQVIST KARIN 
Published: December 2010

Hallin, A.‐L. & Stjernqvist, K. (2011). Adolescents born extremely preterm: behavioral outcomes and quality of life. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology52, 251–256.Fifty‐two extremely premature born and 54 full‐term controls were assessed regarding behavioral outcomes, risk‐taking and self‐perceived quality of life. Behavioral outcomes were assessed with the Achenbach Youth Self Report; risk‐taking was estimated regarding alcohol and nicotine use; self‐perceived quality of life and future expectations were rated; and attention and hyperactivity problems were surveyed retrospectively with the Wender Utah Rating Scale. The prematurely born reported fewer problems than full‐term born on the externalizing scale (delinquent behavior and aggressive behaviour); and they reported less alcohol consumption. No difference was observed between the two groups concerning nicotine use, views about quality of life and expectations for the future or in the retrospective assessment of attention and hyper‐activity problems. Conclusively, the prematurely born adolescents described a quality of life and future expectations comparable to full‐term born controls. They also reported fewer behavioral problems and less risk‐taking behavior.
Randomized study of tolerance and efficacy of a home‐use intense pulsed light (IPL) source compared to the hot‐wax method
Authors: Adhoute Hertsel , Hamidou Zohra , Humbert Philippe , Lyonnet Cindy , Peuchot Marie‐Anne , Reygagne Pascal , Reynier Chantal , Rivoire Stéphanie , Simoneau Guy , Toubel Gerard 
Published: December 2010

SummaryBackground  More and more we are seeing depilatory mechanisms based on IPL technology and used at home. As far as we know, these appliance have not undergone either safety or efficacy testing.Aims  The aim of the study was to compare tolerance and efficacy of two depilation methods a medical device in‐home‐use IPL (E‐One) and hot wax.Materials & Methods  Axillae of 63 persons were treated by either IPL (intense pulsed light) or hot wax for 49 weeks. Tolerance was assessed clinically by a dermatologist and efficacy by an independent blinded photographic assessment.Results  Tolerance of the two methods is reasonably good with better results for the IPL treatment. IPL treatment is also much more efficient.Conclusion  This study confirmed good tolerance and excellent efficacy of this first one medical device used at home. Taking into consideration the mechanical action of the IPL and our experience, other cutaneous appliances (against wrinkles (or aging), hyperpigmentation. etc.) could be considered after optimization of the technical parameters.
Hair in the middle phalanges: clinical significance
Authors: Egesi Adaeze , Rashid Rashid 
Published: December 2010

SummaryMiddle phalangeal hair has been a focus of study in different populations for the absence or presence of this trait. Clinically, this is often perceived as a solely cosmetic feature. However, because of a series of patients questioning the presence of hair on this location, we have performed a more in‐depth literature‐based evaluation of the trait. The goal of this manuscript was to examine the clinical significance of this anthropological phenomenon. A literature review was performed that focused on the differences of this trait in terms of pattern of presentation, age, race, sex, and usage as an identifiable marker for medical significance in certain medications and criteria for tailored treatment. Anatomically, middle phalangeal hair is mostly on the fourth finger and more ulnar rather than central or symmetric in pattern of deviation. Its presence has been most associated with high prenatal androgen exposure, predisposing patients to suffer from adverse side effects from oral contraceptives. Phalangeal hair may be helpful in tailoring treatment to certain patients from different ethnic backgrounds, and particularly in individuals with unknown ancestry.
Memory, Race, and Place
Authors: Heath Barbara J. , Lee Lori A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHistorical archaeologists are increasingly studying the formation, operation, and maintenance of racial groups in the past and the ways in which individual memories are transformed into shared social memories through the acts of remembering, forgetting, and imagining. Drawing on historical and archaeological data and oral history, this paper considers the intersection of race, landscape, and memory at archaeological sites throughout the American South, including Poplar Forest, a plantation located in Virginia’s western piedmont. These studies illustrate how memory and race intersected throughout physical and social landscapes. The discussion is grounded in the belief that changing physical landscapes structure and reflect negotiations of race and inform historical memory.
Osmotic pressure of periimplant sulcular and gingival crevicular fluids: a split‐mouth, randomized study of its measurement and clinical significance
Authors: Sakallιoğlu Umur , Lütfioğlu Müge , Sakallιoğlu Elif Eser , Sert Sertaç , Ceylan Gözlem 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjectives: This study comparatively investigated periimplant sulcular fluid (PISF) and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) by means of the osmotic pressure (OP) levels of PISF (PISFOP) and GCF (GCFOP). It was a preliminary research that aimed to quantify PISFOP and GCFOP as well as to evaluate their clinical significances around implants and teeth.Material and methods: Partially edentulous implant patients treated by the same clinicians and using the same implant system were randomized in a split‐mouth trial design. Fifty‐four implants and teeth from these patients were selected in the same mouth and jaw as matched pairs of samples, i.e. as symmetrical or corresponding implant and tooth. PISFOP/GCFOP measurement was performed by an osmometer following PISF/GCF sampling procedures. Clinical significance was evaluated by the correlations between PISFOP/GCFOP and some clinical examination parameters of periimplant/periodontal soft tissues. These parameters included Silness–Löe plaque index (PI), Löe–Silness gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and probing attachment level (PAL).Results: PISFOP was higher than GCFOP, and GI, BOP, PPD and PAL were higher in the implant group than in the tooth group (P<0.05). PISFOP positively correlated with the clinical parameters of implants (P<0.01 for PI, GI and BOP; P<0.05 for PPD and PAL), and GCFOP positively correlated with the clinical parameters of teeth (P<0.01 for PPD; P<0.05 for PI, GI, BOP and PAL).Conclusions: The results reveal that PISFOP and GCFOP may be measured by osmometer, and their levels may be related with the clinical conditions of periimplant/periodontal soft tissues. To cite this article:
Sakallιoğlu U, Lütfioğlu M, Sakallιoğlu EE, Sert S, Ceylan G. Osmotic pressure of periimplant sulcular and gingival crevicular fluids: a split‐mouth, randomized study of its measurement and clinical significance. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 706–710 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02044.x
Unsettling the Normative: Articulations of Masculinity in Victorian Literature and Culture
Authors: Friedman Dustin 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis article provides an overview of the academic study of Victorian masculinity. It argues that the pioneering work of feminist and sexuality studies scholars in Victorian studies during the 1970s and 1980s made it possible to discuss manhood critically as a historical and cultural phenomenon. It then presents a reading of major works on Victorian masculinity from the 1990s, organized around two major themes: studies that brought to light and analyzed a suppressed history of masculinities that departed from cultural norms (especially homosexual masculinity), and studies devoted to the reassessment of mainstream Victorian manhood. It concludes by looking at a selection of work from the past decade in order to outline recent developments in the field. These studies, which have been able to take for granted that manhood is a valid and coherent subject of inquiry, have been able to integrate the study of masculinity into a variety of Victorian topics, even though there are now fewer works devoted exclusively to masculinity.
‘We’ll build in sonnets pretty rooms’: Early Modern Literary Studies, the ‘Spatial Turn’ and Ecocriticism
Authors: Robson Lynn 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEarly modern writers (such as John Donne) were fascinated by space: literary, textual, urban, rural, global and cosmic. This fascination is reflected in a growing interest in the concept of space in early modern literary studies. Encompassing literature that depicts both rural and urban environments this has been called the ‘spatial turn’. Although it developed from an historicist approach to literature the spatial turn shares common concerns with ecocriticism such as a commitment to interdisciplinary studies and an interest in the relationship of literature to its environment. Historicist critics are most concerned with the cultural environment while ecocritics are interested in the natural world and the ways in which literary texts express humanity’s relationship with it. Examining the development of ecocriticism from its inception in the 1990s reveals productive cross‐fertilisation between the two critical approaches. Ecocritics perceive the 16th and 17th centuries as the period when representations of humanity’s relationship with the natural world changed from a model of unity to one of separation, leading directly to the environmental degradation of the earth and the present ecological crisis. The combination of an ecocritica perspective with historicist readings resonates with the preoccupations of early modern writers such as Ben Jonson, Robert Herrick and William Shakespeare and (in particular) gives fresh insights into the genre of pastoral and the relationship between culture/art and nature.