bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where have Ukrainian refugees gone? Identifying potential settlement areas across European regions integrating digital and traditional geographic data
Authors: González‐Leonardo Miguel , Neville Ruth , Gil‐Clavel Sofía , Rowe Francisco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe escalation of conflict in Ukraine has triggered the largest refugee crisis in Europe since WWII. As of early April 2024, over 5.9 million people have fled Ukraine. Large‐scale efforts have been made to identify the major receiving countries. However, less is known about the subnational areas within host countries where refugees have migrated. Identifying these areas is key for the appropriate allocation of humanitarian aid. By combining digital Facebook API data and traditional data from Eurostat, this paper aims to identify and characterise potential settlement areas of Ukrainians across the main destination countries in Europe. We identify high concentrations of Ukrainians in urban areas with a preexisting diaspora and tight labour market conditions across southern, northern‐west and central Poland and the city of Prague in the Czech Republic. We also find potential settlements in key urban agglomerations with a moderate diaspora and high levels of unemployment in Spain. Only in Romania, refugees seem to have settled in rural areas which show a moderate diaspora but low levels of unemployment. Potential settlement areas in Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom are spread across the country. Surprisingly, we do not identify potential settlement areas in bordering regions with Ukraine within neighbouring countries, suggesting that refugees may have used them as transit points. Our findings point out that different packages of humanitarian assistance may be needed according to the number of refugees and the characteristics of settlement areas.
Reliability analysis of rolling bearings considering failure mode correlations
Authors: Yu Aodi , Ruan Ruixin , Zhang Xubo , He Yuquan , Li Kuantao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs an essential mechanical component, a rolling bearing can exhibit multiple failure modes that may occur independently or in correlation with one another. A reliability analysis method that meticulously accounts for the interdependencies among various bearing failure modes is presented in this paper. The examination of wear and fatigue failure mechanisms in rolling bearings is carried out using the Physics of Failure (PoF) approach. By considering the influence of uncertain variables, the limit state functions for individual failure modes are formulated through the application of stress‐strength interference theory. In the context of wear failure, the limit state function is derived using working clearance as the characteristic quantity. On the other hand, the limit state function for fatigue failure is constructed with a focus on fatigue damage accumulation. The Copula function is used to characterize the relationship between wear failure and fatigue failure, and a reliability calculation model for rolling bearings is developed, considering the correlation between these failure modes. Ultimately, the proposed method is utilized to assess the reliability of bearings under two different sets of test conditions. The feasibility of this method is confirmed through test data, demonstrating its effectiveness in predicting bearing reliability. Through the application of this method, engineers can optimize bearing size parameters, select appropriate initial clearances, and enhance the reliability design of bearing.
Patterns of riparian forest disturbance caused by tree dislodging on a subtropical river during large floods
Authors: Sharpe Richard , Brooks Andrew , Olley Jon , Kemp Justine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRiparian forests contribute to the resilience and biocomplexity of floodplains but may be catastrophically impacted by large floods. Forest disturbances will expose floodplains to stripping and pulses of large wood recruitment to the floodplain and channel. The widespread uprooting of trees follows hydrodynamic loading from floodwaters and the associated moments of these forces about the tree bases. A tree will uproot when the drag moment exceeds the anchorage resistance capacity. Alternatively, trunks will rupture when the tensile stresses caused by bending exceed the tensile strength of the outer trunk fibres. The likelihood and pattern of trees dislodging during floods on a subtropical river was investigated by developing a tree stability model. The modeling framework included development of a drag moment model and testing several potential formulations for anchorage resistance. Model parameters were calibrated to data collected in experiments and from observations in aerial photographs before and after a large flood in 2011. The prediction accuracy for the adopted tree stability model was 78%. Results from design flood simulations suggest that less than a third of the forest will dislodge even during the largest floods conceivable. This remarkable stability moderates the quantity of large wood recruited from riparian forests during extreme floods, which can impact infrastructure such as bridges and culverts downstream. Low rates of wood recruitment from dislodged floodplain trees in extreme floods suggests bank erosion is the dominant source of wood recruitment in these catchments.
The Internet Doesn't Exist in the Sky: Literacy, AI, and the Digital Middle Passage
Authors: Shaw Mia S. , Toliver S. R. , Tanksley Tiera 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article utilizes speculative and visual storytelling alongside interdisciplinary research on artificial intelligence (AI) and algorithmic oppression to engage in a thought experiment on how literacy studies might refuse the oppressionist logics currently undermining the possibilities of AI in literacy education. As technological advancements in education will only continue to increase and as society is yet to ascertain the parameters of an ethical AI system, it is paramount to analyze the past and present and contemplate potential futures, especially those that do not result in violence against Black and Brown peoples. To engage in speculation, we employ Endarkened Storywork (Toliver, 2022) to present an empirically driven, futuristic, science fiction narrative from two perspectives: (1) a US, Black girl who is forced to participate in AI‐structured secondary schooling and (2) a Black girl in Haiti who is forced to live in a country polluted by technological byproduct. This narrative, which is grounded in academic research and news editorials, is accompanied by comic art and followed by a companion analysis detailing the theoretical backdrop of the story. By utilizing multiple methods of scholarly distribution, we provide multiple entry points for readers to engage with this work. We offer a means for readers to see—via story, art, and scholarship—the potential impacts of AI on Black people globally. Additionally, by situating this article in the creative and scholarly realms, we strategically deconstruct traditional forms and methods of knowledge production that have constrained academic research and rendered invisible alternative forms of data representation.
Exploring the impact of green finance and technological innovation on green economic growth: Evidence from emerging market economies
Authors: Ali Asif , Li Jinkai , Zhang Jin , Chishti Muhammad Zubair 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe sustainable future of emerging market economies (EMEs) lies within achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 8, which is linked with green economic growth (GEG) and its determinants, such as green finance (GF) and technological innovation (TI), along with some control variables. However, the current literature has insufficiently addressed these determinants in the context of emerging and developing economies. In this regard, this study deployed the most effective and advanced techniques like cross‐sectional auto‐regressive distributed lags, augmented mean group, and common correlated effects mean group to handle the issues of endogeneity, cross‐sectional dependence, and heterogeneity, which is not an easy task for conventional methods used in existing studies. This study has compiled a panel data set spanning from 2000 to 2019, across 13 EMEs. The main outcomes revealed that GF, TI, and human capital (HC) help in fostering significant GEG, whereas financial development (FD) and economic globalization (ECOGLB) fail. The study underscores the need for policymakers to focus on the promotion of diffusion of GF and enhancement of TI and HC while regulating the FD and ECOGLB process to steer emerging nations toward sustainable development.
Catalyzing change: A framework for equitable health among MSM—insights from South Africa for developing nations
Authors: Ikhile Ikekhwa Albert , Mavhandu‐Mudzusi Azwihangwisi Helen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis research paper seeks to close health disparities among MSM in developing countries by presenting a holistic framework that will ensure equal access to healthcare services. Conducted in South Africa with 25 MSM participants, employing qualitative methods and Nvivo software for analysis, the framework integrates WHO's social health determinants and systems theory principles into three dimensions: Input, process, and output. The main components are sensitization training, community engagement, MSM empowerment, health promotion coupled with the look at finances, human resources, and infrastructure. The study underlines the importance of collective action by MSM and other stakeholders for achieving health equity and offers valuable lessons for policy makers and healthcare professionals in terms of inclusiveness and equal health service delivery. It highlights the critical role of inter‐disciplinary strategy comprising of community participation and resource allocation to erase the health inequality among MSM in developing countries.
Better emotion regulation mediates gratitude and increased stress in undergraduate students across a university semester
Authors: Demichelis Olivia P. , Fowler James A. , Young Tarli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is well established that university students are vulnerable to poor mental health. Although increased gratitude has been shown to reduce stress among students, a clearer understanding of key mechanisms underpinning this relationship are needed to better inform theoretical models and potential interventions targeted at improving well‐being in university students. The present study provides the first direct test of whether capacity for emotion regulation mediates the relationship of gratitude with stress at the beginning and middle of the academic semester. This study is also the first to assess this relationship in a cross‐lagged panel mediation model. We used a repeated measures design and a total of 343 undergraduate students completed two online surveys with validated measures of gratitude, stress, and emotion regulation—one at the beginning and the second in the middle of the academic semester. Results showed that emotion regulation mediated the relationship between gratitude and stress at the beginning of semester, and again 6 weeks later. A Clogg's z‐score test suggested that the strength of the indirect effect significantly increased across the two time points. A post‐hoc cross‐lagged panel model found that high gratitude at the beginning of the semester predicted low stress in the middle of the semester via emotion regulation. These data provide novel evidence that emotion regulation may serve as a key protective factor against undergraduate stress. The results provide evidence to support leading theories on how gratitude can reduce stress and promote well‐being in university students. They also highlight the practical importance of strengthening emotion regulation abilities in university students and can be used to inform future targeted interventions to improve well‐being in university students.
C9H7NBrX (X = Cl, Br, NO3): Three Excellent Birefringent Crystals with Distinct Optical Anisotropy Regulated by Anions
Authors: Shen Yaoguo , Ding Mingliang , Chen Gang , Luo Yingjie , Zhao Sangen , Luo Junhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA large optical anisotropy is the most important parameter of birefringent crystals. Integrating π‐conjugated groups with large polarizable anisotropy into target compounds is a common strategy for constructing brilliant birefringent crystals. However, the key problem is to enhance the density of the birefringence‐active units and further arrange them parallelly. In this study, three novel birefringent crystals, C9H7NBrX (X = Cl, Br, NO3), are successfully synthesized by introducing a new birefringence‐active [C9H7NBr]+ unit. Interestingly, these compounds feature similar layered structures but exhibit different optical anisotropies at 550 nm (0.277 for C9H7NBrCl, 0.328 for C9H7NBrBr, and 0.401 for C9H7NBrNO3) owing to the different anions in them. Particularly, the small trigonal planar NO3 anions perfectly fill the interstices of the π‐conjugated [C9H7NBr]+ groups with large optical anisotropy, with the resulting compound C9H7NBrNO3 showing superior optical properties compared to the others. The above findings provide strategies for designing new optical materials with large birefringence by matching birefringence‐active groups of different sizes. Additionally, a new theory for predicting and comparing the polarizability anisotropy of compounds is proposed, which would guide in exploring large birefringent crystals.
A Hierarchical Hydrogel Impregnation Strategy Enables Brittle‐Failure‐Free 3D‐Printed Bioceramic Scaffolds
Authors: Dong Xinyu , Liu Quyang , Gan Soo Wah , Zhuo Hao , Li Tian , Zhao Yijing , Zhai Wei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract3D‐printed bioceramic scaffolds offer great potential for bone tissue engineering (BTE) but their inherent brittleness and reduced mechanical properties at high porosities can easily result in catastrophic fractures. Herein, this study presents a hierarchical hydrogel impregnation strategy, incorporating poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel into the macro‐ and micropores of bioceramic scaffolds and synergistically reinforcing it via freeze‐casting assisted solution substitution (FASS) in a tannic acid (TA)–glycerol solution. By effectively mitigating catastrophic brittle failures, the hydrogel‐impregnated scaffolds showcase three‐ and 100‐fold enhancement in mechanical energy absorption under compression (5.05 MJ m−3) and three‐point bending (3.82 MJ m−3), respectively. The reinforcement mechanisms are further investigated by experimental and simulation analyses, revealing a multi‐scale synergy of fracture and fragmentation resistance through macro and micro‐scale fiber bridging, and nano and molecular‐scale hydrogel reinforcement. Also, the scaffolds acquire additional antibacterial and drug‐loading capabilities from the hydrogel phase while maintaining favorable cell biocompatibility. Therefore, this study demonstrates a facile yet effective approach for preparing brittle‐failure‐free bioceramic scaffolds with enhanced biological functionalities, showcasing immense potential for BTE applications.
Simultaneous estimation of mometasone furoate and olopatadine hydrochloride by reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Patel Bhoomi , Patel Ruchi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe simultaneous determination of Mometasone furoate (MOM) and Olopatadine hydrochloride (OLO) in a combined dose has been developed and validated using a specific, precise, accurate, fast, reliable, and economical high‐performance liquid chromatography technique. Methanol:water:acetonitrile (20:25:55, v/v/v) was used as the mobile phase during the separation. The procedure was performed using a low‐pressure gradient elution on the reversed‐phase Phenomenex C18 column. At 238 nm, separated components were densitometrically measured. The flow rate was fixed at 1.0 mL/min with a continuous run up to 10 min, while the retention time was located near about 3.2 and 6.1 min for OLO and MOM, respectively. The method was validated for Linearity and range, precision, reproducibility, specificity, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and robustness as per the International Council for Harmonization Q2(R1) guideline. MOM and OLO regression coefficients (r2) were found to be 0.9994 and 0.9997, over the range of 2.5–15 and 33.25–199.5 µg/mL, respectively. MOM and OLO percentage recoveries were measured to be 99.49 ± 0.14 and 99.98 ± 0.22, respectively. The method can be successfully applied for routine analysis of the quantitative determination of MOM and OLO in a combined dose.
Experimental and theoretical investigation of shear lag effect in twin box‐shaped composite girders of long‐span cable‐stayed bridges
Authors: She Qincong , Yan Donghuang , Chen Changsong , Luo Hua , Wu Linmei , Li Bin , Feng Jianqiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSteel‐concrete composite box girders offer notable advantages such as high stiffness, excellent torsional performance, and light self‐weight, making them prevalent in large‐span bridges, particularly in cable‐stayed configurations. However, a persistent challenge arises from the shear lag effect in the concrete slab within the flanges induced by shearing interactions between the webs and flanges. Limited attention has been devoted to investigating the experimental and theoretical aspects of shear lag in long‐span cable‐stayed bridges with twin box‐shaped composite girders. This research addresses this gap by designing a segmental scale twin box‐shaped composite model specimen to simulate the cable spacing of the main girder in a cable‐stayed bridge, specifically targeting the shear‐lag effect. The study successfully captures the non‐uniform distribution of cross‐sectional strain in the top concrete slab. Subsequently, analytical strain solutions for the composite girder under mid‐span concentrated load and axial load are derived using the energy variation method. The theoretical model's applicability is then calibrated against experimental results. The investigation extends to the in‐situ testing of the Chibi Yangtze River Bridge, the world's largest steel‐concrete composite girder cable‐stayed bridge, boasting a main span of up to 720 m. An established finite element (FE) analysis model for the Chibi Yangtze River Bridge simulates the transverse stress distribution under typical construction conditions of CC6. Comparative analyses between the simulated results, calculated values from elementary beam theory, and the theoretical model against field‐measured values reveal that the FE model provides a more accurate estimation of the shear lag effect in the concrete slab. Notably, the FE model effectively reflects the bridge's characteristics and serves as a baseline for subsequent studies. This comprehensive investigation contributes significantly to the understanding and analysis of shear lag phenomena in twin box composite girders of cable‐stayed bridges. The integration of experimental, analytical, and construction site validations establishes robust tools for engineering design and the construction of safe and serviceable cable‐stayed bridges. The research augments knowledge regarding shear lag behavior and underscores the necessity to appropriately consider its effects in bridge analysis and design.
Greening the future: Pioneering lithium battery recycling and beyond in the E‐mobility revolution
Authors: Rajyaguru Yashesh Vijay , Pandey Aditi , Bose Arko , KA Vishnumurthy 
Published: May 2024

AbstractE‐mobility ecosystem is gaining lot of attention in recent years; hence, the requirement for battery technology is very essential. Amongst the various types of batteries, lithium‐based batteries (LIBs) are the one, which are widely used. Hence, recycling lithium in used batteries is very important in terms of sustainability. Many researchers use a variety of techniques for the recycling of lithium ions from batteries. Along with the recycling of lithium, metals such as cadmium, cobalt, lead, iron, manganese, and aluminum also should be recycled. The present review mainly focuses on the various methods of recycling lithium and other metals using different techniques and processes. Also, the economic benefits of the processes are highlighted, which will significantly help the LIB industry to study and investigate the possibility of recycling LIB to achieve a circular economy.
Sexual identity, poverty, and utilization of government services
Authors: Deal Cameron , Greenberg Shea , Gonzales Gilbert 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevious literature has established that lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) people are at least as likely to be poor as heterosexual people, standing in contrast to myths of “gay affluence.” These findings have used datasets limited by either sample size or using partnership status to infer sexual orientation. Using U.S. data from the Household Pulse Survey, which allows us to identify large samples of individuals who self-identify as lesbian, gay, or bisexual, we find that bisexuals have lower incomes and are more likely to experience poverty, and bisexual individuals, gay men, and lesbian women are more likely to report financial hardship. Additionally, we find that LGB people utilize government assistance at higher rates than heterosexual people, even when allowing for selection into poverty status. We propose several explanations for these differentials, drawing on the program non-participation literature, and suggest that social network effects, lessened stigma, and increased reliance on public programs may explain these differences. Finally, we examine receipt of the enhanced child tax credit and find evidence that gay men and lesbian women with children were less likely to receive it than heterosexual men and women with children.
Positive indiscernibles
Authors: Kamsma Mark 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe generalise various theorems for finding indiscernible trees and arrays to positive logic: based on an existing modelling theorem for s-trees, we prove modelling theorems for str-trees, str$$_0$$

0

-trees (the reduct of str-trees that forgets the length comparison relation) and arrays. In doing so, we prove stronger versions for basing—rather than locally basing or EM-basing—str-trees on s-trees and str$$_0$$

0

-trees on str-trees. As an application we show that a thick positive theory has k-$$\mathsf {TP_2}$$

TP
2

iff it has 2-$$\mathsf {TP_2}$$

TP
2