bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial treatment for human intestinal spirochaetosis: a systematic review
Authors: Lam Jin Keng Stephen , Rabuszko Lucy , Fitzpatrick Colin , Williams Deborah , Richardson Daniel 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe antimicrobial treatment options for patients with intestinal spirochaetosis (caused byBrachyspira pilosicoliandBrachyspira aalborgi) are not well defined. We aimed to systematically review the literature to explore antimicrobial treatment options to inform future clinical guidelines.MethodWe systematically searched three bibliographical databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Web of Science) for manuscripts written in English up to January 2024. The primary author conducted an initial abstract screen and two authors conducted independent full-text reviews. We included manuscripts which included primary data for patients with intestinal spirochaetosis who had received antimicrobial treatment and had an outcome measured. Quality and risk of bias was assessed independently by two authors using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. We used the nine-point synthesis method to synthesise narrative data.ResultsThere were 58 manuscripts included in this review published between 1977 and 2023 (42 case reports, 12 case series, 3 cross-sectional studies, and 1 prospective cohort). In total, there were 270 individuals with intestinal spirochaetosis: 225 patients received oral metronidazole monotherapy, 1 intravenous metronidazole, 2 rectal metronidazole, 5 metronidazole as part of a dual/triple regimen, 17 doxycycline monotherapy, 5 doxycycline (or tetracycline) dual therapy with either a beta-lactam, or neomycin, 4 benzathine penicillin, 1 procaine penicillin/steroids and 3 other antimicrobials including clarithromycin and vancomycin. 230 (85%) of patients in this review had an adequate clinical and or histological response to treatment with a median follow-up period of 30 days (IQR 14–90). The combined treatment response to all metronidazole-based treatment was 195/233 (84%).ConclusionMetronidazole, doxycycline and parenteral penicillin are the most frequently used antimicrobials for the treatment of human intestinal spirochaetosis and treatment response is generally good. More work is needed to understand the pathophysiology and treatment outcomes in patients with symptomatic intestinal spirochaetosis including the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools.
Opening the doors of precision medicine: novel tools to assess intestinal barrier in inflammatory bowel disease and colitis-associated neoplasia
Authors: Iacucci Marietta , Santacroce Giovanni , Majumder Snehali , Morael Jennifer , Zammarchi Irene , Maeda Yasuharu , Ryan David , Di Sabatino Antonio , Rescigno Maria , Aburto Maria R , Cryan John F , Ghosh Subrata 
Published: June 2024

Mounting evidence underscores the pivotal role of the intestinal barrier and its convoluted network with diet and intestinal microbiome in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CRC). Moreover, the bidirectional association of the intestinal barrier with the liver and brain, known as the gut-brain axis, plays a crucial role in developing complications, including extraintestinal manifestations of IBD and CRC metastasis. Consequently, barrier healing represents a crucial therapeutic target in these inflammatory-dependent disorders, with barrier assessment predicting disease outcomes, response to therapy and extraintestinal manifestations.New advanced technologies are revolutionising our understanding of the barrier paradigm, enabling the accurate assessment of the intestinal barrier and aiding in unravelling the complexity of the gut-brain axis. Cutting-edge endoscopic imaging techniques, such as ultra-high magnification endocytoscopy and probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy, are new technologies allowing real-time exploration of the ‘cellular’ intestinal barrier. Additionally, novel advanced spatial imaging technology platforms, including multispectral imaging, upconversion nanoparticles, digital spatial profiling, optical spectroscopy and mass cytometry, enable a deep and comprehensive assessment of the ‘molecular’ and ‘ultrastructural’ barrier. In this promising landscape, artificial intelligence plays a pivotal role in standardising and integrating these novel tools, thereby contributing to barrier assessment and prediction of outcomes.Looking ahead, this integrated and comprehensive approach holds the promise of uncovering new therapeutic targets, breaking the therapeutic ceiling in IBD. Novel molecules, dietary interventions and microbiome modulation strategies aim to restore, reinforce, or modulate the gut-brain axis. These advancements have the potential for transformative and personalised approaches to managing IBD.
The effect of applied micronutrients (Cu, Zn, Mn, and B) and chloride on annual canarygrass
Authors: May William E. , Begum Afruza , Moreside Sarah J. , Sikat Gerard John F. 
Published: June 2024

Annual canarygrass is highly responsive to chloride (Cl−) fertilizer for increasing grain yield. This responsiveness to Cl− raises the question of whether annual canarygrass is similarly responsive to other micronutrients. The effect of micronutrients, Cu, Zn, B, and Mn with the basal rate of N, P, K, S, and Cl−, on annual canarygrass was studied using two application methods, soil (sideband at seeding) and foliar (3–6 leaf and flag-leaf emergence). Over 4 years, field research was conducted at two Saskatchewan locations, Indian Head and Melfort using a randomize complete block design (RCBD). A foliar application after flagleaf emergence of either Cu, Zn, or Mn provided the best method to increase the concentration of that micronutrient in the leaf tissue during seed filling. Boron concentrations in the leaf were increased during seed filling by soil or foliar treatments containing B at different site-years. Zinc, Cu, and B application had no impact on grain yield. A foliar application of Mn affected grain yield at one of six site-years and requires further investigation. As expected, soil application of macronutrients + Cl− increased grain yield between 29% and 187% compared to unfertilized treatment in five of six site-years. Melfort in 2015 and 2016 had low levels of tissue Cl− in control treatment. The largest grain yield increases occurred at these sites, suggesting the potential of early season tissue testing in identifying Cl− responsive fields of annual canarygrass. Annual canarygrass is not responsive to Cu, Zn, and B but may be responsive to Mn.
THE FINANCIAL IMPACT OF CARBON EMISSIONS ON POWER UTILITIES UNDER CLIMATE SCENARIOS
Authors: KRACH FLORIAN , MACRINA ANDREA , KANTER ASHLEY , HAMPWAYE EBA , HLALUKANA SIPHOKAZI , RATEELE NCHAKHA THATO 
Published: June 2024

Power utilities, especially those that generate electricity by burning fossil fuels, produce significant amounts of carbon emissions. Mitigation of [Formula: see text]-equivalent ([Formula: see text]) emissions can be achieved by replacing power plants with renewable power installations and by adopting carbon-sequestration technologies. Physical upgrades are expensive, but carbon taxes, or the purchase of certificates and allowances on a voluntary carbon market, can be costly, too. Carbon costs may increasingly become a threatening liability for power utilities, eating into profits and undermining the financial viability of emission-intensive electricity generation. Thus, we consider an asset-and-liability, structural firm model to investigate the creditworthiness of a generic power utility. The utility’s assets dynamics are driven by the financial returns generated from the sold electricity for a set tariff which is modeled by a simple stochastic process. The liabilities not only depend on fuel, running, and depreciation costs, but also on the costs of [Formula: see text] emissions. As a case study, we consider Eskom, the South African power utility. We show the evolution of Eskom’s default probability under various fuel mix plans and technologies (as per SA’s Integrated Resources Plan (IRP) 2019), and under the Network for Greening the Financial System (NGFS) carbon price scenarios. The obtained results and insights present a trying path ahead, especially for carbon-intensive power utilities.
Impact of Prolonged Cycle Length Resulting From Conversion of Atrial Fibrillation to Atrial Tachycardia on Ablation Outcome in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: He Jialing , Yang Guoshu , Luo Duan , Yang Yongxin , He Guijun , Yang Xianchen , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2024

Background: There is limited available data regarding the impact of cycle length (CL) prolongation when converting atrial fibrillation (AF) to organized atrial tachycardia (AT) and its effect on clinical outcomes.Methods and Method: We retrospectively screened and included a cohort of 132 patients with persistent or long‐standing persistent AF who underwent circumferential pulmonary vein isolation (CPVI) and left atrial substrate modification (LASM) between January 2015 and October 2019. In all 132 consecutive patients, persistent AF was successfully converted into organized AT. For cases with recurrence after a 3‐month blanking period, a repeat procedure was conducted.Results: We observed a notable prolongation in CL after ablation (average increase of 56.6 ± 30 ms). Following a median follow‐up duration of 9.5 ± 5.1 months, 27 patients experienced recurrence. Through receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis, a prolonged CL cut‐off of 42.5 ms was identified, with a specificity of 71% and a sensitivity of 59.4%. Patients were categorized into two groups: those with CL less than 42.5 ms (group A, n = 48) and those with CL more than 42.5 ms (group B, n = 84). The Kaplan–Meier survival curves demonstrated a significantly higher recurrence‐free rate after catheter ablation in group B compared to group A (p = 0.002).Conclusions: Upon termination of persistent AF into AT during ablation, it was found that CL prolongation beyond 42.5 ms was associated with improved freedom from arrhythmia.
Davydov Vaginoplasty in Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser Syndrome Patient Presenting With Urethral Dilatation
Authors: Vitols Jurgis , Lidaka Lasma 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster‐Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a female congenital disorder characterized by an underdeveloped or absent vagina and uterus. The first‐line treatment to create a neovagina is patient‐performed vaginal dilatation. We report here the rare case of an MRKH patient who presented with urethral dilatation and was successfully treated with Davydov vaginoplasty.Case Report: Seventeen‐year‐old patient with known single kidney was consulted by a gynaecologist, and a diagnosis of MRKH syndrome was established. As the patient had urethral dilatation—resulting from repetitive intraurethral intercourse—neovaginal creation by means of self‐performed vaginal dilatation was precluded. Rather, the Davydov vaginoplasty was successfully performed; there were no postoperative complications, and the patient was fully continent postsurgery.Conclusion: MRKH patients and healthcare providers should be educated on the damaging consequences of intraurethral intercourse. More cases need to be reported to establish the best treatment options for a normal sexual life.
Bryson of Heraclea and Polyxenus, Megarian Philosophers
Authors: Chame Santiago 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bryson of Heraclea and Polyxenus have received little attention from scholars. Sources on these philosophers are few and difficult to interpret. However, they present interesting dialectical arguments that concern some of Plato’s and Aristotle’s most important theoretical elaborations: Bryson’s arguments on the issue of semantic ambiguity were explicitly discussed by Aristotle, and Polyxenus is credited with a particular version of the Third Man argument. My purpose in this paper is to reconstruct the historical background of these two philosophers and to analyze the philosophical implications of the arguments that the ancient tradition ascribes to them.
Rethinking the Origins and Textual History of Ancient Jewish Literature: A Review of Recent Works by Emanuel Tov, James Nati, and Nathan Mastnjak
Authors: Richelle Matthieu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This essay discusses the current state of research on the origins and textual history of early Jewish literature in light of three recently published books. On the one hand, the current practice of textual criticism of the Hebrew Bible, well presented in the standard handbook of the topic, is anchored in relatively traditional views on the origins of biblical books. On the other hand, two studies challenge current ideas about the ontology and materiality of ancient Jewish literature. An analysis of the Serekh ha-Yahad scrolls reveals that usual models of textual growth cannot account for the entirety of the intricate textual history of certain compositions. A material-historical perspective suggests that, before the Hellenistic period, literary works existed in the form of collections of scrolls, which has potentially profound implications for understanding how these collections became books. Whether conservative or innovative in outlook, these books show that theory and practice are inextricably linked in the field of textual criticism.
Alien amphibian introductions via the plant trade: a breeding population of the Catalonian midwife toad (Alytes almogavarii) in Central Spain
Authors: Laorden-Romero David , Caballero-Díaz Carlos , Sánchez-Montes Gregorio , Ambu Johanna , Dufresnes Christophe , Martínez-Solano Íñigo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The plant-trade is among the main sources of accidental introduction of alien biodiversity. This includes amphibians, although effective colonization pathways have rarely been reported except from tropical areas. We document the discovery of an established breeding population of the Catalonian midwife toad, Alytes almogavarii almogavarii Arntzen and García-París, 1995, in a plant nursery in Madrid (Central Spain), 400 km away from its natural distribution. During surveys in 2023 we found adults, juveniles, and tadpoles, confirming reproduction. We used mtDNA sequences to genotype six individuals for taxonomic assignment and tracing their putative origin. Two haplotypes were found, one of them showing a broad distribution, precluding precise identification of the source of the introduction. We discuss conservation concerns, including the potential spread of pathogens. Our results suggest unintentional amphibian introductions via the plant-trade may be more frequent than perceived, and call for rigorous monitoring and education efforts.
Survival Benefits of Postoperative Chemotherapy in Patients With Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinoma: An Analysis Utilizing Propensity Score Matching From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database
Authors: Rong Jun , Deng Wensheng 
Published: June 2024

Objective This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of patients with colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) who benefit from postoperative chemotherapy (POCT) and to develop effective postoperative survival nomograms for predicting overall survival (OS) in colorectal MAC patients. Methods Data of colorectal MAC patients who underwent surgery from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database between 2010 and 2020 were collected. Patients were grouped based on POCT, and intergroup analysis was performed using 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM). Kaplan-Meier (K-M) curves were used to compare the prognosis between the 2 groups. Cox analysis was employed to identify factors associated with OS in patients with colorectal MAC who underwent POCT. The variance inflation factor (VIF) and bilateral stepwise regression were used to determine factors included in the model. Additionally, a nomogram was constructed to predict postoperative survival outcomes for patients. The discriminative ability of the nomograms was evaluated using the C-index and calibration curve analysis, the decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed the clinical utility of the nomogram, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve evaluated the nomograms’ performance. Results This study encompassed 6829 patients with colorectal MAC, among whom 2258 received POCT, and 4571 did not. Whether pre or post PSM, patients in the POCT group consistently exhibited a superior median OS compared to those in the postoperative non-chemotherapy group ( P < .0001). For colorectal MAC patients undergoing POCT, OS was correlated with factors such as patient age, carcinoembryonic antigen levels, tumor deposits, perineural invasion (PNI), lymph node examination count, T staging, and Grade staging. Notably, a significant chemotherapy advantage was observed in patients without perineural invasion, those with lymph node examination counts exceeding 12, and patients with moderately differentiated tumors. The overall colorectal MAC patient postoperative OS predictive nomogram demonstrated a C-index of .74, with a calibration curve near the diagonal and a DCA curve indicating positive net benefits. In comparison to TNM staging, the ROC curves of the nomogram at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years demonstrated superior predictive capabilities (AUC: .80 vs .71, .78 vs .71, .77 vs .70). Conclusion This study revealed the characteristics of colorectal MAC patients who benefit from POCT and established effective prognostic nomograms, which can aid clinicians in designing personalized treatment plans for individual patients and promote precision medicine.
The Influence of Work–Family Conflict on Parental Burnout in China: Moderating Effect of Spousal Support and its Gender Differences
Authors: Wang Xiaoran , Yu Dongqing , Huo Ming 
Published: June 2024

Objective This research explores the association between work–family conflict and parental burnout, testing the moderating effect of spousal support for men and women. Method We used the Work–Family Conflict Scale, the Intimacy Support Questionnaire, and the Parental Burnout Scale to survey 634 parents (Mage = 36.44 ± 4.28 years, 48.1% mothers) of preschool children. Result The results indicated that work–family conflict positively predicted parental burnout. For fathers, this relationship was significantly moderated by spousal support. As spousal support increased, the impact of work–family conflict on fathers’ parental burnout decreased, whereas for mothers the moderation was nonsignificant, revealing a significant gender difference in the moderating effect. This study elucidates the collaborative influence of spousal support and work–family conflict on parenting burnout across various gender conditions, contributing empirical support for mitigating and remedying parenting burnout. The findings suggest that focusing on establishing and sustaining spousal support resources for fathers could alleviate the adverse impact of work–family conflict on fathers’ parental burnout.
Precision Diabetes Education and Support Considering Patients’ Behavioral and Psychological Phenotype: A Q-Methodology Study
Authors: Cha EunSeok , Hwan Shin Myoung , Lee Hyunjung , Jang Hyesun , Joung Kyong Hye , Kim Hyunjin , Lee Jooseon , Faulkner Melissa Spezia 
Published: June 2024

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is growing, and diabetes burden is increasing. Precision health in diabetes education and support employs different intervention strategies, depending on an individual’s viewpoint on diabetes and self-management behaviors, to improve patients’ treatment adherence, clinical outcomes, and quality of life. Objective: To classify the behavioral and psychological phenotypes of self-management behaviors in adults taking oral glucose–lowering medications to develop a theory-driven, person-centered group intervention applicable to busy clinical settings. Methods: Q-methodology was used. From January to August 2020, 73 participants (48 male, 25 female) were invited to do Q-sorting with 33 statements. The principal component technique, followed by varimax rotation, was used for factor analysis. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activity questionnaire and HbA1c in the past 6 months were included to obtain comprehensive understanding. Results: Fifty-one sorts (35 male, 16 female) loaded on 1 of 4 factors: factor A ( n = 18): Needing emotional support with enhancing problem-solving skills group; factor B ( n = 15): Self-help group; factor C ( n = 6): Needing personalized coaching group; and factor D ( n = 12): Needing basic diabetes education group. Conclusions: Each factor demonstrated a different need for diabetes education and support. Younger participants (factor D) had the poorest diabetes self-management behaviors and required basic diabetes education. Further research is warranted to develop a screening tool to classify the typologies and adopt the findings in a busy clinical setting.
Independent Risk Factors for Prolonged Tube Feeding After Endotracheal Intubation and Ventilation
Authors: Pradhan Prajwal M. , Marmor Schelomo , Tignanelli Christopher , Misono Stephanie , Hoffmeister Jesse 
Published: June 2024

Purpose Postextubation dysphagia (PED) can lead to prolonged tube feeding, but risk factors associated with prolonged tube feeding in this population are largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to identify factors independently associated with prolonged tube feeding in adult inpatients who required intubation and mechanical ventilation. Materials and Methods Retrospective observational cohort study in a dataset of 1.3 million inpatients. Extubated adults without preventilation dysphagia or tube feeding who underwent instrumental swallowing assessment were included. To characterize factors independently associated with prolonged tube feeding, we compiled a set of potential factors, completed factor selection using a random forest algorithm, and performed logistic regression. Results In total, 206 of 987 (20.9%) patients had prolonged tube feeding. The regression model produced an area under the curve of 0.79. Factors with the greatest influence on prolonged tube feeding included dysphagia with thickened liquids, dysphagia with soft/solid foods, preadmission weight loss, number of intubations, admission for neurologic disorder, and hospital of admission. Conclusions Several factors predicted prolonged tube feeding after extubation. The strongest were some, but not all, aspects of swallowing function and clinical practice pattern variability. Clinical decision-making should consider bolus-specific data from instrumental swallowing evaluation rather than binary presence or absence of dysphagia.