bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parameter design of switched assist controller for man–machine cooperative system with human behavior model based on hybrid system
Authors: Okuda Hiroyuki , Hayakawa Soichiro , Suzuki Tatsuya , Tsuchida Nuio 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRecently, the demand for man–machine cooperative systems has been growing in many industrial fields, particularly in cell production and in flexible manufacturing systems. In the design of man–machine cooperative systems, the characteristics of human behavior must be considered. This paper presents a new design strategy for a switched assist controller for a man–machine cooperative positioning task that takes into consideration a human behavior model based on a continuous/discrete hybrid dynamical system. First, the human behavior model is identified as a piecewise ARX model using k‐means clustering and a support vector machine. Second, the switched assist system is designed as a switched impedance controller based on the identified hybrid human behavior model with optimization. The optimization was solved by performing a forward calculation of the closed loop response of the human behavior model and controller with a criterion reflecting the task time and the force effort. The results show that one can find the optimal parameters for a switched impedance controller. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 55–64, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20932
Introducing computational fluid dynamics simulation into olfactory display
Authors: Ishida Hiroshi , Yoshida Hiroshi , Nakamoto Takamichi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAn olfactory display is a device that delivers various odors to the user's nose. It can be used to add special effects to movies and games by releasing odors relevant to the scenes shown on the screen. In order to provide high‐presence olfactory stimuli to the users, the display must be able to generate realistic odors with appropriate concentrations in a timely manner together with visual and audio playback. In this paper, we propose to use computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations in conjunction with an olfactory display. Odor molecules released from their source are transported mainly by turbulent flow, and their behavior can be extremely complicated even in a simple indoor environment. In the proposed system, a CFD solver is employed to calculate the airflow field and the odor dispersal in the given environment. An odor blender is used to generate the odor with the concentration determined from the calculated odor distribution. Experimental results on presenting odor stimuli synchronously with movie clips show the effectiveness of the proposed system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 65–72, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21087
A 6.6‐kV transformerless battery energy storage system based on a cascade multilevel PWM converter: Experimental verification by a 200‐V, 10‐kW, 3.6‐kWh laboratory model
Authors: Inoue Shigenori , Maharjan Laxman , Asakura Jun , Akagi Hirofumi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractRenewable energy sources such as wind turbine generators and photovoltaics are intermittent in nature, thus resulting in fluctuating electric power. Leveling of their electric power is indispensable to realize large‐scale renewable energy sources and to avoid severe power quality problems when they are interconnected into the grid. A battery energy storage system (BESS), combining batteries with a power converter and digital control, should be installed in the vicinity of an intermittent energy source. The fluctuating power is compensated by appropriately controlling active power stored in, or released from, the battery. This paper describes a 6.6‐kV transformerless battery energy storage system based on a cascade multilevel PWM (pulse‐width‐modulation) converter, with focus on a control method for active power and SOC (state‐of‐charge) balancing. A down‐scaled 200‐V, 10‐kW, 3.6‐kWh (13‐MJ) laboratory model using nine NiMH (Nickel Metal Hydride) battery packs was designed, constructed, and tested to verify the viability and effectiveness of the 6.6‐kV system. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 43–54, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21127
Application of microchip electrophoresis for clinical tests
Authors: Yatsushiro Shouki , Kataoka Masatoshi 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMicrochip electrophoresis has recently attracted much attention in the field of nuclear acid analysis due to its high efficiency, ease of operation, low consumption of samples and reagents, and relatively low costs. In addition, the analysis has expanded to analytical fields, including the analysis not only of DNA but also of RNA, proteins, sugar chains, cellular functions, etc. In this paper we describe the creation of high‐performance monitoring systems for human blood glucose levels and α‐amylase activity in human plasma using microchip electrophoresis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 177(1): 19–25, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21158
Salinity effects on the bioavailability of aqueous metals for the estuarine killifish Fundulus heteroclitus
Authors: Dutton Jessica , Fisher Nicholas S 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Estuarine organisms experience varying salinity conditions on a daily and seasonal basis, and these fluctuations could influence the amount of metal accumulated from the aqueous phase. The present study experimentally assessed the role of salinity (0, 2, 6, 12, and 25 ppt) on the uptake of As, Cd, Cr, inorganic Hg [Hg(II)], and methylmercury (MeHg) into the euryhaline killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) from the aqueous phase using gamma-emitting radioisotopes. Patterns of metal uptake as a function of salinity varied by metal. Chromium showed no relationship with salinity; Cd, which was most affected by salinity, showed an inverse relationship; and As, Hg(II), and MeHg uptake increased as salinity increased from 0 ppt to 25 ppt. Arsenic (salinities ≤ 6 ppt) and Cr were regulated by the fish, whereas Cd, Hg(II), and MeHg were not. Cadmium, Hg(II), and MeHg are chloro-complexed, increasing bioavailability for Hg(II) and MeHg, and reducing bioavailability for Cd. Concentration factors (CFs) were &gt;1 at all salinities for Cd, Hg(II), and MeHg, indicating that the fish were more enriched in the metal than the surrounding water, whereas As and Cr CFs were &lt;1 at all salinities. Uptake rate constants (k us) were highest for MeHg (0.79–2.29 L g−1 d−1), followed by Hg(II), Cd, Cr, and lowest for As (0.0004–0.0008 L g−1 d−1). Tissue distribution of each metal was determined by dissections. Data for Cd showed that as salinity increased, the concentration of this metal increased in the viscera, whereas it decreased in the head and gills, suggesting that drinking to osmoregulate may account for a portion of Cd uptake from the aqueous phase in marine fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2107–2114. © 2011 SETAC
Operational Inhomogeneities in La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3–δ Electrolytes and La0.8Sr0.2Cr0.82Ru0.18O3–δ–Ce0.9Gd0.1O2–δ Composite Anodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
Authors: Liao Y. , Bierschenk D. M. , Barnett S. A. , Marks L. D. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe electrolyte/anode interface in solid oxide fuel cells with La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3–δ electrolytes and composite anodes containing La0.8Sr0.2Cr0.82Ru0.18O3–δ and Ce0.9Gd0.1O2–δ (GDC) was studied using transmission electron microscope Z‐contrast imaging and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The anode/electrolyte interface of an operated cell had numerous defective regions in the electrolyte, immediately adjacent to anode GDC particles. These areas had a different chemical composition than other electrolyte regions and were crystallographically inhomogeneous. These regions were not observed in a cell reduced in hydrogen that was not operated, suggesting that they were the result of combined electrical and chemical potential gradients present during cell operation. Ru nanoparticles were observed on the chromite surfaces of the operated.
Proton Conducting Sulphonated Fluorinated Poly(Styrene) Crosslinked Electrolyte Membranes
Authors: Soulès A. , Améduri B. , Boutevin B. , David G. , Perrin R. , Gebel G. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractPotential membranes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell based on crosslinked sulphonated fluorinated polystyrenes (PS) were synthesised in two steps. First, azide‐telechelic polystyrene was obtained by iodine transfer polymerisation of styrene in the presence of 1,6‐diiodoperfluorohexane followed by azido chain‐end functionalisation. Then azide‐telechelic polystyrene was efficiently crosslinked with 1,10‐diazido‐1H,1H,2H,2H,9H,9H,10H,10H‐perfluorodecane under UV irradiation. After 45 min only, almost completion of azide crosslinking could be achieved, resulting in crosslinked membranes with insoluble fractions higher than 95%. The sulphonation of the crosslinked membranes afforded ionic exchange capacities (IECs) ranging from 2.2 to 3.2 meq g–1. The hydration number was shown to be very high (from 30 to 75), depending on both the content of perfluorodecane and of sulphonic acid groups. The morphology of the membranes, assessed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering, was found to be a lamellar‐type structure with two types of ionic domains. For the membrane that exhibited an IEC value of 2.2 meq·g–1, proton conductivity was in the same range as that of Nafion® (120–135 mS·cm–1), whereas the membrane IEC value of 3.2 meq·g–1 showed a proton conductivity higher than that of Nafion® in liquid water from 25 to 80 °C, though a high water uptake.
Sentinel node navigation surgery versus observation as a management strategy for early tongue carcinoma
Authors: Yamauchi Kohichi , Fujioka Yasunori , Kohno Naoyuki 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe status of lymph nodes in the neck is the most important prognostic factor for the outcomes of patients with oral tongue cancer. However, surgical prophylaxis of the neck is controversial.MethodsWe reviewed 22 patients with clinically T1/T2, N0 Union Internationale Contre le Cancer oral squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. Patients were assigned to groups according to the management strategy selected for the neck. One group underwent a “watchful waiting” policy and the other underwent sentinel node navigation surgery (SNNS).ResultsThree of 11 patients (27%) in the watchful waiting group developed regional recurrence and underwent neck dissection. Only 1 of 11 patients (9.1%) in the SNNS group developed regional recurrence. Although the groups did not significantly differ, the SNNS group tended to have less regional recurrence.ConclusionSNNS should be the third strategy formanaging early oral tongue carcinoma. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Efficacy of neck dissection for locoregional failures versus isolated nodal failures in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Tsang Raymond King Yin , Chung Joseph Chun Kit , Ng Yiu Wing , To Victor Shing Howe , Ho Ambrose Chung Wai , Chan Jimmy Yu Wai , Ho Wai Kuen , Wei William Ignace 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundNeck dissection has been shown to be effective in controlling nodal failures in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Its efficacy in controlling the disease in patients with synchronous locoregional failure is, however, not documented.MethodA retrospective review of all patients who underwent neck dissection for nodal failures with or without treated local failure within 6 months was conducted for this study. The survivals of these 2 groups of patients were analyzed.ResultsThe 5‐year overall survival of the whole cohort was 58%. There was no difference in 5‐year disease specific survival (68% vs 40%; p = .121) and 5‐year progression free survival (44% vs 36%; p = .334) when comparing patients with isolated nodal failures and synchronous locoregional failures. Multivariate analysis showed that only the initial N classification affects survival.ConclusionNeck dissection is efficacious in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma with nodal failure, with or without synchronous local failures. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Effects of KRAS mutation and polymorphism on the risk and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wang Wen‐Yi , Chien Yi‐Chih , Wong Yong‐Kie , Lin Yan‐Liang , Lin Jin‐Ching 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundMutations or single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of relevant genes may affect the risk and prognosis of malignancies. The purpose of this study was to analyze whether the KRAS polymorphisms and mutations can be useful prognostic or risk markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsDNA was extracted from tumor tissues of 47 patients with OSCC and blood cells of 84 normal controls and subjected to sequencing for the KRAS.ResultsNo mutation in the KRAS was found in 47 OSCC samples. However, 2 polymorphisms (rs1137282 and rs712) were detected. Individuals with KRAS SNP rs712 genotypes of G/T or T/T have a reduced risk for OSCC than those with genotype G/G (hazard ratio [HR], 0.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.10–0.60; p = .004). The overall survival between different SNPs were not statistically significant (p = .147 for rs1137282 and p = .202 for rs712).ConclusionThese data demonstrate a role for rs712 polymorphism of the KRAS in susceptibility of OSCC. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012
Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable microcapsules for the controlled delivery of calcium hydroxide
Authors: Han Bing , Wang Xiaoyan , Gao Xuejun , Liu Jiguang , Liang Fuxin , Qu Xiaozhong , Yang Zhenzhong 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis study aimed to synthesize and characterize biodegradable microcapsules based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and ethylcellulose (EC) for a controlled delivery of calcium hydroxide. Phase separation technique was adopted to synthesize calcium hydroxide‐loaded PLA/EC microcapsules. Four PLA/EC blends (4/1, 1/1, 1/4, pure EC) were used as shell materials and the input ratio of calcium hydroxide to shell polymer was 4:1 for all microcapsules. The morphology and composition were studied using SEM‐EDS and TEM. Particle size distribution, glass‐transition temperature, drug loading, and encapsulation efficiency were characterized. In vitro release of the microcapsules was evaluated using a pH microelectrode and an auto‐biochemistry analyzer. SEM images of microcapsules showed uniform spherical structures with smooth surfaces. Core‐shell, hetero‐structures were confirmed using TEM. The presence of calcium in the microcapsules was verified with EDS. Pure calcium hydroxide was 160 nm in diameter and the particle size of the microcapsules ranged between 500 nm and 4 μm. With an increase of PLA in PLA/EC blend, the size of microcapsules increased accordingly. Encapsulation efficiency of these microcapsules was higher than 57% and drug loading was higher than 80%, which were not significantly different among four microcapsules. Pure calcium hydroxide powder was used as a control and 90% was released within 48 h, while release of calcium hydroxide from microcapsules took between 168 and 456 h, depending on the PLA/EC ratio. Compared with calcium hydroxide powder, the calcium hydroxide‐loaded microcapsules showed a sustained and prolonged release, which could be controlled via the regulation of the PLA/EC ratio. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.
Let's talk: a narrative of mental illness, recovery, and the psychotherapist's personal treatment
Authors: Sawyer Annita 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis article describes the author's experience in psychotherapy, beginning as a suicidal teenager with a dismal prognosis, through 5 years of hospitalization, including shock treatment that erased most memory before age 20, through an Ivy League education, and successful professional career. Retraumatization triggered by reading her hospital records 40 years later adds a unique perspective, as the author watched, but could not control, a process within herself that she regularly addressed as therapist with her own patients. Healing aspects of relationships with three psychodynamic psychotherapists (two psychiatrists and a social worker), credited with her survival and success, are examined. A dramatic interview with Harold Searles, her psychiatrist's supervisor, and its role in her recovery is considered. Lasting lessons concerning the healing aspects of psychotherapy, the effects of repressed early trauma encountered late in life, the need to counter stigma, and the value of personal psychotherapy are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 67:1–13, 2011.
Three‐dimensional sonograph of a monochorionic diamniotic triplet pregnancy
Authors: Youssef A. , Milano V. , Pilu G. , Pelusi G. , Ghi T. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractA monochorionic diamniotic triplet pregnancy was diagnosed by sonographic scan at 9 weeks of gestation. The three embryos appeared to share the same trophoblast, with two of them sharing the same amniotic sac. The two amniotic sacs were divided by a thin membrane, with no chorionic projection within it, and each amniotic sac presented a single yolk sac. Only few cases of nontrichorionic‐triamniotic triplets have been reported in the literature. Although the diagnosis was reached using the two‐dimensional ultrasound, the complementary use of three‐dimensional ultrasound helped in confirming the diagnosis, and in offering the couple an adequate counseling. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011;
Prenatal diagnosis of choledochal cyst: A case report
Authors: Tongprasert Fuanglada , Traisrisilp Kuntharee , Tongsong Theera 
Published: June 2011

AbstractCholedochal cyst is one of the intra‐abdominal abnormalities of the biliary ducts that present as a cystic mass in the right upper quadrant abdomen. Prenatal diagnosis has been achieved by the demonstration of a connection between a dilated common bile duct and a cystic lesion. In this report, we describe a pregnant woman in whom routine fetal anomaly scan strongly suggested a choledochal cyst at 29 weeks of gestation by demonstrating a round cystic mass in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, completely separated from the stomach, bowel loops, and gall bladder, and which showed a connection with the dilated common bile duct. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011
Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of tuberous sclerosis complex
Authors: Gedikbasi Ali , Oztarhan Kazim , Ulker Volkan , Aslan Gulseren , Gul Ahmet , Sener‐Arslan Esra , Ceylan Yavuz 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWe report the case of a male fetus with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), in whom multiple cardiac rhabdomyomas and renal angiomyolipomas were detected at 33 weeks by ultrasound with additional brain lesions detected on MRI, all confirmed after birth. DNA analysis of the TSC2 gene detected a de novo mutation in the TSC2 gene. Postnatal follow‐up and neurological examination were normal, as were the results of Holter monitoring. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011;
Hoxclusters of the bichir (Actinopterygii,Polypterus senegalus) highlight unique patterns of sequence evolution in gnathostome phylogeny
Authors: Raincrow Jeremy D. , Dewar Ken , Stocsits Claudia , Prohaska Sonja J. , Amemiya Chris T. , Stadler Peter F. , Chiu Chi‐Hua 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTeleost fishes have extraHoxgene clusters owing to shared or lineage‐specific genome duplication events in rayfinned fish (actinopterygian) phylogeny. Hence, extrapolating between genome function of teleosts and human or even between different fish species is difficult. We have sequenced and analyzedHoxgene clusters of the Senegal bichir (Polypterus senegalus), an extant representative of the most basal actinopterygian lineage. Bichir possesses fourHoxgene clusters (A, B, C, D); phylogenetic analysis supports their orthology to the fourHoxgene clusters of the gnathostome ancestor. We have generated a comprehensive database of conservedHoxnoncoding sequences that include cartilaginous, lobe‐finned, and ray‐finned fishes (bichir and teleosts). Our analysis identified putative and knownHox cis‐regulatory sequences with differing depths of conservation in Gnathostoma. We found that although bichir possesses fourHoxgene clusters, its pattern of conservation of noncoding sequences is mosaic between outgroups, such as human, coelacanth, and shark, with fourHoxgene clusters and teleosts, such as zebrafish and pufferfish, with seven or eightHoxgene clusters. Notably, bichirHoxgene clusters have been invaded by DNA transposons and this trend is further exemplified in teleosts, suggesting an as yet unrecognized mechanism of genome evolution that may explainHoxcluster plasticity in actinopterygians. Taken together, our results suggest that actinopterygianHoxgene clusters experienced a reduction in selective constraints that surprisingly predates the teleost‐specific genome duplication.J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 316:451–464, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional morphology of mouthparts and digestive system during larval development of the cleaner shrimp Lysmata amboinensis (de Man, 1888)
Authors: Tziouveli Vasiliki , Bastos‐Gomez Giana , Bellwood Orpha 
Published: June 2011

AbstractMouthpart and alimentary canal development was examined in Lysmata amboinensis larvae using scanning electron microscopy and histology. The gross morphological features of external mouthparts and internal digestive tract structures of larvae at different developmental stages indicate that ingestive and digestive capabilities are well developed from early on. With increasing age of the larvae the mouthpart appendages increased in size, the hepatopancreas in tubular density and the midgut in length. The density of setae and robustness of teeth and spines of individual structures increased. The most pronounced changes from early to late stage larvae involved formation of pores on the paragnaths and labrum, transformation of the mandibular spine‐like teeth to molar cusps, development of the filter press in the proventriculus and of infoldings in the previously straight hindgut. The results suggest that early stage L. amboinensis larvae may benefit from soft, perhaps gelatinous prey, whereas later stages are better equipped to handle larger, muscular or more fibrous foods. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.