bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing fracture risk using gradient boosting machine (GBM) models
Authors: Atkinson Elizabeth J , Therneau Terry M , Melton L Joseph , Camp Jon J , Achenbach Sara J , Amin Shreyasee , Khosla Sundeep 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Advanced bone imaging with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) has had limited success in significantly improving fracture prediction beyond standard areal bone mineral density (aBMD) measurements. Thus, we examined whether a machine learning paradigm, gradient boosting machine (GBM) modeling, which can incorporate diverse measurements of bone density and geometry from central QCT imaging and of bone microstructure from high-resolution peripheral QCT imaging, can improve fracture prediction. We studied two cohorts of postmenopausal women: 105 with and 99 without distal forearm fractures (Distal Forearm Cohort) and 40 with at least one grade 2 or 3 vertebral deformity and 78 with no vertebral fracture (Vertebral Cohort). Within each cohort, individual bone density, structure, or strength variables had areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) ranging from 0.50 to 0.84 (median 0.61) for discriminating women with and without fracture. Using all possible variables in the GBM model, the AUCs were close to 1.0. Fracture predictions in the Vertebral Cohort using the GBM models built with the Distal Forearm Cohort had AUCs of 0.82–0.95, whereas predictions in the Distal Forearm Cohort using models built with the Vertebral Cohort had AUCs of 0.80–0.83. Attempts at capturing a comparable parametric model using the top variables from the Distal Forearm Cohort resulted in resulted in an AUC of 0.81. Relatively high AUCs for differing fracture types suggest that an underlying fracture propensity is being captured by this modeling approach. More complex modeling, such as with GBM, creates stronger fracture predictions and may allow deeper insights into information provided by advanced bone imaging techniques. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The MET oncogene transforms human primary bone-derived cells into osteosarcomas by targeting committed osteo-progenitors
Authors: Dani Nadia , Olivero Martina , Mareschi Katia , van Duist Marjan Maria , Miretti Silvia , Cuvertino Sara , Patanè Salvatore , Calogero Raffaele , Ferracini Riccardo , Scotlandi Katia , Fagioli Franca , Di Renzo Maria Flavia 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
The MET oncogene is aberrantly overexpressed in human osteosarcomas. We have previously converted primary cultures of human bone-derived cells into osteosarcoma cells by overexpressing MET. To determine whether MET transforms mesenchymal stem cells or committed progenitor cells, here we characterize distinct MET overexpressing osteosarcoma (MET-OS) clones using genome-wide expression profiling, cytometric analysis, and functional assays. All the MET-OS clones consistently display mesenchymal and stemness markers, but not most of the mesenchymal–stem cell-specific markers. Conversely, the MET-OS clones express genes characteristic of early osteoblastic differentiation phases, but not those of late phases. Profiling of mesenchymal stem cells induced to differentiate along osteoblast, adipocyte, and chondrocyte lineages confirms that MET-OS cells are similar to cells at an initial phase of osteoblastic differentiation. Accordingly, MET-OS cells cannot differentiate into adipocytes or chondrocytes, but can partially differentiate into osteogenic-matrix-producing cells. Moreover, in vitro MET-OS cells form self-renewing spheres enriched in cells that can initiate tumors in vivo. MET kinase inhibition abrogates the self-renewal capacity of MET-OS cells and allows them to progress toward osteoblastic differentiation. These data show that MET initiates the transformation of a cell population that has features of osteo-progenitors and suggest that MET regulates self-renewal and lineage differentiation of osteosarcoma cells. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Impaired bone health and asymptomatic vertebral compressions in fracture-prone children: A case-control study
Authors: Mäyränpää Mervi K , Viljakainen Heli T , Toiviainen-Salo Sanna , Kallio Pentti E , Mäkitie Outi 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
Frequent fractures in children may be a sign of impaired bone health, but it remains unestablished when and how fracture-prone children should be assessed. This prospective study elucidated skeletal characteristics and predisposing factors in children with recurrent fractures. Findings were used to establish guidelines for screening. During a 12-month period we recorded fracture history for all children (n = 1412) treated for an acute fracture at a large university hospital. All apparently healthy children over 4 years of age, who had sustained: (1) at least one vertebral fracture; (2) two long-bone fractures before age 10 years; or (3) three long-bone fractures before age 16 years, were recruited. They underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), laboratory tests, and spinal radiography. Information regarding family history and lifestyle factors were collected. Findings were compared with healthy controls. Sixty-six fracture-prone children (44 males, mean age 10.7 years; 5% of all children with fractures) were identified. Altogether, they had sustained 183 long-bone fractures (median 3, range 0–7); 11 children had sustained vertebral fracture(s). Patients had significantly lower bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine (p &lt; 0.001), hip (p = 0.007), and whole body (p &lt; 0.001) than the controls; only 5 children (8%) had a BMD Z-score &lt; −2.0. Asymptomatic vertebral compressions were prevalent, especially in those under 10 years of age. Hypercalciuria (11%) and hyperphosphaturia (22%) were significantly more prevalent than in controls. Serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25OHD) was below 50 nmol/L in 55%; low levels were associated with low BMD and vertebral compressions. The fracture-prone children had lower calcium intake, less physical activity, and more often had siblings with fractures than the controls. The findings suggest that a thorough pediatric evaluation, including DXA and spinal radiography, is often indicated already after a second significant low-energy fracture in children, in order to detect potentially preventable adverse lifestyle factors and nutritional deficits and to identify those with compromised overall bone health. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Association of C‐terminal region of phosphoglycerate mutase with glycolytic complex regulates energy production in cancer cells
Authors: Kowalski Wojciech , Nocon Dominika , Gamian Andrzej , Kołodziej Jerzy , Rakus Dariusz 
Published: February 2012

AbstractCancer cells prefer anaerobic ATP synthesis, regardless of the availability of oxygen. It has been hypothesized that in these cells, glycolytic enzymes associate into a large complex, which results in an increased efficiency of glycolytic flux. However, there is no convincing in vivo evidence supporting this hypothesis. Here, we show that all the enzymes of triose phosphate metabolism, from aldolase to pyruvate kinase consecutively, form a macromolecular complex in vivo and that disruption of such complex significantly inhibits lactate release and ATP synthesis in the glycolytic pathway. Composition of the complex and the effectiveness of the glycolytic flux depends on lactate and glucose concentration. High concentrations of exogenous lactate reduces association of the C‐terminal region phosphoglycerate mutase (PGAM) with the complex which results in its disruption and inhibition of ATP synthesis. Additionally, high lactate affects nuclear localization of PGAM and ceases cell proliferation. Our findings might provide new prospects for cancer treatment using low‐molecular weight competitors to destabilize the glycolytic complex and reduce proliferative potential of cancer cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 2613–2621, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Prenatal diagnosis of abnormal course of umbilical vein and ductus venosus agenesis: Report of three cases
Authors: Corbacioglu Aytul , Aslan Halil , Dagdeviren Hediye , Ceylan Yavuz 
Published: February 2012

AbstractDuctus venosus connecting the portal and embryonic venous circulation into the inferior vena cava has a crucial role in fetal circulation. The absence of ductus venosus is a rare anomaly, in which the umbilical vein connection to the venous system may be extrahepatic, bypassing the liver or intrahepatic via the portal venous system. We report three cases of ductus venosus agenesis with associated anomalies. In two of them the connection was directly to the right atrium, whereas the umbilical vein drained to the left internal iliac artery in the third case. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012;
Sonographic appearance of intrathyroid ectopic thymus in children
Authors: Kim Hyun Gi , Kim Myung‐Joon , Lee Mi‐Jung 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPurpose:The aim of this study is to report the common location of intrathyroid ectopic thymus and describe the corresponding sonographic appearances in children.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed clinical data and neck or thyroid ultrasonography (US) findings in children from January 2003 to May 2010. Intrathyroid lesions showing hypoechogenicity with multiple linear echogenic branching structures or punctate echogenic foci were considered intrathyroid ectopic thymus. US features of the lesions (location, side, size, and shape) and the indication for US were recorded.Results:A total of 5,414 neck or thyroid US examinations were conducted in 3,195 children. We found 15 lesions that were suspected of being intrathyroid ectopic thymus in 12 patients (0.4%), four boys and eight girls, with a mean age of 6.4 years. The lesions were unilateral in nine patients and bilateral in three patients. All the lesions were located at the mid to lower portion of the thyroid. The long‐axis diameter of the lesions ranged from 0.7 to 2.2 cm (mean diameter: 1.5 cm). All lesions had a fusiform shape with well‐defined margins.Conclusions:The possibility of intrathyroid ectopic thymus should be considered when a mid‐ to low‐lying intrathyroid lesion with a fusiform shape with multiple linear or punctate internal echoes is detected on US in children. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2012;
Resin–tooth interfacial morphology and sealing ability of one‐step self‐etch adhesives: Microleakage and SEM study
Authors: Manuja Naveen , Nagpal Rajni 
Published: February 2012

AbstractOBJECTIVES: To compare microleakage of three self‐etch adhesives and to analyze enamel surface morphology and interfacial morphology of resin–enamel and resin–dentin interface under scanning electron microscope (SEM). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Study was conducted in 65 extracted human premolars. Class V cavities were prepared in 45 teeth and assigned to three groups (n = 15) according to three self‐etch adhesives (OptiBond All‐in‐One, iBond, and Adper Prompt L‐Pop). After restoration, 10 samples from each group were used to assess microleakage at enamel and dentin margin. Five samples from each group were used for analysis of interfacial morphology at resin–enamel and resin–dentin interface under SEM. Remaining 20 teeth were used to prepare flat enamel buccal surfaces to analyze the difference in surface morphology after treatment with three adhesives (n = 5 each) and 36% phosphoric acid treatment (n = 5). PRINCIPAL OBSERVATIONS: At enamel margin, Prompt L‐Pop depicted least leakage of all the three adhesives and also showed best interfacial adaptation under SEM. At dentin margin, OptiBond All‐in‐One showed significant less leakage than iBond and Prompt L‐Pop. On flat enamel surface, phosphoric acid produced the most retentive etching pattern when compared with the three adhesives. CONCLUSION: Prompt L‐Pop showed the best bonding effectiveness in enamel, whereas OptiBond All‐in‐One performed significantly better in dentin. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Influence of atomic force microscopy acquisition parameters on thin film roughness analysis
Authors: Hristu Radu , Stanciu Stefan G. , Stanciu George A. , Çapan İnci , Güner Burcu , Erdoğan Matem 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA reliable procedure for measuring parameters connected to surface roughness is needed to compare the gas sensing properties of various thin films or the effect of different fabrication procedures on the surface roughness and the sensing properties. In this article, we propose to investigate how the acquisition parameters specific to atomic force microscopy investigations such as pixel size, scan area and scan speed influence the roughness parameters, namely root mean square and surface area ratio, commonly used for characterizing the gas sensing properties of porphyrins and other materials. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultrastructure of larvae and puparia of the blowfly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
Authors: Mendonça Paloma Martins , Dos Santos‐Mallet Jacenir Reis , De Carvalho Queiroz Margareth Maria 
Published: February 2012

AbstractChrysomya megacephala is a forensic important fly, and its immature forms also cause myiasis. The adults are the first insects to reach a carcass and can oviposit just a few hours after arrival. Therefore, the knowledge of immature stages of flies is essential for correct identification of the species found on corpses. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) gives detailed information on the morphological characters that can help identify the immature forms of flies. The aim of this study is to identify larvae and puparia of C. megacephala using SEM. The larval instar body of C. megacephala is similar at all instars. The integument is smooth with small spines located at the limit of all segments. The cephalic region has a group of robust spines with one or two tips. The puparia are very similar to third instar larvae, except for the cephalic structures that are retracted. The integument shows the wrinkles from the third instar larvae and posterior spiracle disc with three spiracular openings localized on the top of an elevation. In conclusion, SEM provides some characteristics to distinguish among Chrysomya species that could help entomologists to identify immature found on corpses. Microsc. Res. Tech. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
DNA complex‐releasing system by injectable self‐setting apatite cement
Authors: Ito Tomoko , Koyama Yoshiyuki , Otsuka Makoto 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe therapeutic effect of plasmid DNA complexes is not satisfactory because of the short duration of their gene expression. However, an efficient DNA slow‐release system has not been established owing to the low dispersion stability of the DNA/polycation (or cationic lipid) complexes. We have found that hyaluronan (HA) could deposit onto the DNA/polycation complexes, stabilize their dispersion and prepare very small particles. We have also reported that the injectable self‐setting apatite cement has high biocompatibility and biodegradability. Thus, durable gene expression systems using injectable apatite cement, including DNA/polycation/HA complexes, were expected.MethodsSmall DNA/polyethyleneimine (PEI)/HA complex particles were prepared by a lyophilizing and rehydration process, and the in vitro release ratio of DNA complex from the apatite cements by MLC‐6 cells was examined. Apatite cement slurry with collagen including plasmid DNA (pDNA) complex [encoding granulocyte macrophage‐colony stimulating factor (GM‐CSF)] was injected close to the tumor subcutaneously inoculated into mice. The therapeutic effect and degradation ratio of the apatite cement were evaluated.ResultsVery fine DNA/PEI/HA complex particles kept being dispersed in the apatite cement. The DNA complexes were continuously released from the apatite cement by MLC‐6 cells. Single injection of the apatite cement‐including pDNA‐GM‐CSF complex induced complete disappearance of tumor in 60% of mice. Smooth degradation of the apatite cement was observed in the mice in which a high therapeutic effect was seen.ConclusionsSingle injection of the apatite cement‐including pDNA‐GM‐CSF complex showed a high therapeutic effect on solid tumor, and thus appears to be promising as a sustained gene expression device. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parametric macromodeling for S‐parameter data based on internal nonexpansivity
Authors: Ferranti Francesco , Knockaert Luc , Dhaene Tom , Antonini Giulio 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYWe propose a novel parametric macromodeling method for systems described by scattering parameters, which depend on multiple design variables such as geometrical layout or substrate features. The new concept of internal nonexpansivity for bounded real systems is introduced. It is used in combination with suitable interpolation schemes to interpolate a set of state‐space matrices, and hence poles and residues indirectly, to build accurate parametric macromodels. Stability and passivity are guaranteed by construction over the design space of interest. Pertinent numerical examples validate the proposed parametric macromodeling method. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crafting a job on a daily basis: Contextual correlates and the link to work engagement
Authors: Petrou Paraskevas , Demerouti Evangelia , Peeters Maria C. W. , Schaufeli Wilmar B. , Hetland Jørn 
Published: February 2012

SummaryThis study focused on daily job crafting and explored its contextual determinants and one motivational outcome (i.e., work engagement). Job crafting was conceptualized as “seeking resources,” “seeking challenges,” and “reducing demands.” Participants were 95 employees from several organizations who completed a 5‐day diary survey. As hypothesized, we found a 3‐factor structure for the job crafting instrument, both at the general and day levels. We hypothesized and found that the combination of high day‐level work pressure and high day‐level autonomy (active jobs) was associated with higher day‐level seeking resources and lower day‐level reducing demands. Furthermore, we found that day‐level seeking challenges (but not resources) was positively associated with day‐level work engagement, whereas day‐level reducing demands was negatively associated with day‐level work engagement. Findings suggest that job crafting is a daily employee behavior with implications for management practice and future research. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antibacterial and Anticancer activity of ε ‐poly‐L‐lysine (ε ‐PL) produced by a marine Bacillus subtilis sp.
Authors: El‐Sersy Nermeen A. , Abdelwahab Abeer E. , Abouelkhiir Samia S. , Abou‐Zeid Dunja‐Manal , Sabry Soraya A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractA marine Bacillus subtilis SDNS was isolated from sea water in Alexandria and identified using 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The bacterium produced a compound active against a number of gram negativeve bacteria. Moreover, the anticancer activity of this bacterium was tested against three different human cell lines (Hela S3, HepG2 and CaCo). The highest inhibition activity was recorded against Hela S3 cell line (77.2%), while almost no activity was recorded towards CaCo cell line. HPLC and TLC analyses supported evidence that Bacillus subtilis SDNS product is ϵ;‐poly‐L‐lysine. To achieve maximum production, Plackett‐Burman experimental design was applied. A 1.5 fold increase was observed when Bacillus subtilis SDNS was grown in optimized medium composed of g/l: (NH4)2SO4, 15; K2HPO4, 0.3; KH2PO4, 2; MgSO4 · 7 H2O, 1; ZnSO4 · 7 H2O, 0; FeSO4 · 7 H2O, 0.03; glucose, 25; yeast extract, 1, pH 6.8. Under optimized culture condition, a product value of 76.3 mg/l could be obtained. According to available literature, this is the first announcement for the production of ϵ;‐poly‐L‐lysine (ϵ;‐PL) by a member of genus Bacillus. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Effects of high‐pressure argon and nitrogen treatments on respiration, browning and antioxidant potential of minimally processed pineapples during shelf life
Authors: Wu Zhi‐shuang , Zhang Min , Wang Shao‐jin 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: High‐pressure (HP) inert gas processing causes inert gas and water molecules to form clathrate hydrates that restrict intracellular water activity and enzymatic reactions. This technique can be used to preserve fruits and vegetables. In this study, minimally processed (MP) pineapples were treated with HP (∼10 MPa) argon (Ar) and nitrogen (N) for 20 min. The effects of these treatments on respiration, browning and antioxidant potential of MP pineapples were investigated after cutting and during 20 days of storage at 4 °C.RESULTS: Lower respiration rate and ethylene production were found in HP Ar‐ and HP N‐treated samples compared with control samples. HP Ar and HP N treatments effectively reduced browning and loss of total phenols and ascorbic acid and maintained antioxidant capacity of MP pineapples. They did not cause a significant decline in tissue firmness or increase in juice leakage. HP Ar treatments had greater effects than HP N treatments on reduction of respiration rate and ethylene production and maintenance of phenolic compounds and DPPH• and ABTS•+ radical‐scavenging activities.CONCLUSION: Both HP Ar and HP N processing had beneficial effects on MP pineapples throughout 20 days of storage at 4 °C. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of the quality of postharvest rapeseed by means of an electronic nose
Authors: Kubiak Aleksander , Wenzl Thomas , Ulberth Franz 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Rapeseed is a valuable source of edible oil. The presence of even a small amount of mouldy or burnt rapeseed in a particular production batch deteriorates the quality of the edible oil obtained from it. Since the traditional method of using a panel of experts is time‐consuming, there is a need for fast and easy methods for rapeseed quality evaluation by intelligent devices to replace human labour.RESULTS: For rapeseed quality evaluation, an electronic nose equipped with an array of eight quartz microbalance sensors and four metal oxide semiconductor sensors was used. Signals generated by the sensors were analysed by principal component analysis and discriminant function analysis. Identification of samples that contained small proportions of mouldy or burnt rapeseed was possible despite the differences between the particular varieties studied.CONCLUSION: Electronic nose technology has shown the possibility of detecting samples of faulty rapeseed at very low contamination levels and distinguishing them with high probability from sound rapeseed. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry