bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical resection of primary and metastatic hepatic malignancies following portal vein embolization
Authors: Mailey Brian , Truong Caitlyn , Artinyan Avo , Khalili Joshua , Sanchez‐Luege Nicelio , Denitz Jordan , Marx Howard , Wagman Lawrence D. , Kim Joseph 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundPortal vein embolization (PVE) has been used to induce hypertrophy in future liver remnants (FLRs) in preparation for major hepatic resection. We report our initial experience with PVE and identify potential predictors of unresectability following PVE.MethodsPatients with primary and metastatic hepatic malignancies (n = 20) who underwent PVE between 2004 and 2008 were categorized by surgical resection status and clinicopathologic factors were compared.ResultsThe cohort had the following histologies: colorectal adenocarcinoma (45%, n = 9), hepatocellular carcinoma (20%), cholangiocarcinoma (20%), and other (15%). Seven patients (35%) had previous liver‐directed or regional therapy; 55% subsequently underwent successful liver resection, whereas 45% were deemed unresectable. Patients who underwent successful resection had tumor shrinkage after PVE compared to unresectable patients (% change in maximal tumor diameter, −6% vs. +45%, respectively; P = 0.027) and had a lower rate of baseline liver function test abnormality (0% vs. 56%, respectively; P = 0.004). Resected patients had an 83% 5‐year overall survival.ConclusionsBaseline liver dysfunction may predict subsequent unresectable hepatic disease following PVE and tumor progression after PVE appears to increase the likelihood for finding unresectable hepatic disease. Select patients should be considered for PVE with careful surveillance during the period of FLR hypertrophy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:184–190. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Comparison of clinical risk scores predicting prognosis after resection of colorectal liver metastases
Authors: Merkel Susanne , Bialecki Diana , Meyer Thomas , Müller Volker , Papadopoulos Thomas , Hohenberger Werner 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to compare the risk scores of Fong et al., Nordlinger et al., and the TNM classification of colorectal liver metastases proposed by the UICC.MethodsData from 282 consecutive patients undergoing 303 liver resections for metastatic colorectal cancer between 1995 and 2006 at the Department of Surgery, University of Erlangen were analyzed. The median follow‐up time was 34 months. A curative (R0) resection was performed in 92% of the patients.ResultsApplying the clinical risk score of Fong with preoperative data identified three risk groups. The survival rates between “low risk” (n = 22) and “intermediate risk” (n = 222) diverged (P = 0.073). The survival rates between “intermediate risk” and “high risk” (n = 59) differed significantly (P = 0.030). Using the risk scoring system of Nordlinger, patients were divided into two risk groups (i.e., “low risk” (n = 218) and “intermediate risk” (n = 68)). Significant differences in survival between the groups were noted (P = 0.012). Applying the clinical TNM classification of colorectal liver metastases revealed no significant differences in survival between the risk groups.ConclusionsOur study found the clinical risk score developed by Fong et al. to be a reliable preoperative prognostic tool for selecting patients for surgical resection of colorectal liver metastases. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:349–357. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Local complement activation in nasal polyposis
Authors: Van Zele Thibaut , Coppieters Frauke , Gevaert Philippe , Holtappels Gabriele , Van Cauwenberge Paul , Bachert Claus 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The role of the complement system in nasal polyps (CRSwNP) has so far scarcely been studied. Because nasal polyps are characterized by bacterial colonization, and the complement system is an effective defense mechanism, it might be involved in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. This study was designed to investigate the local and systemic activation of the complement system in CRSwNP versus control mucosa in relation to the local and systemic eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation and local plasma exudation.Methods:Concentrations of complement factors C3a desArg and C5a desArg, and of albumin, α2‐macroglobulin, eosinophilic cationic protein, and myeloperoxidase were determined on nasal secretions and serum from 12 CRSwNP patients and 10 control patients. Tissue cryosections were stained for the membrane attack complex (C5b9)Results:We found a significantly higher concentration of C3a desArg and C5a desArg in nasal secretions from CRSwNP patients compared to controls, whereas the serum levels between the two groups did not differ significantly. Significant correlations were found between C5a desArg and eosinophil cationic protein in nasal secretions. Staining for the membrane attack complex revealed a deposition around blood vessels and the basal membrane exclusively in nasal polyp tissue.Conclusions:These data support the hypothesis that, in addition to the adaptive immune responses, the complement system is involved in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP and may contribute to typical features such as edema and granulocytic inflammation. Laryngoscope, 2009
Transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) ± adjuvant therapy for advanced stage oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Rich Jason T. , Milov Simon , Lewis James S. , Thorstad Wade L. , Adkins Douglas R. , Haughey Bruce H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Document survival, prognostic variables, and functional outcomes of patients with AJCC stage III or IV oropharyngeal cancer, treated with transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) ± adjuvant therapy.Study Design:Analysis of prospectively assembled data pertaining to the above‐described patient cohort.Methods:Patients treated with TLM for AJCC stage III or IV oropharyngeal cancer at Washington University School of Medicine from 1996 to 2006 were followed for a minimum of 2 years. Recurrence, survival, functional, and human papilloma virus data were analyzed.Results:Eighty‐four patients met inclusion criteria. Mean follow‐up was 52.6 months. Overall AJCC stages were: III 15% and IV 85%. T stages were T1–2, 74%; T3–4, 26%. Eighty‐three patients underwent neck dissection, 50 received adjuvant radiotherapy, and 28 received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Overall survival at 2 and 5 years was 94% and 88%, respectively. Disease‐specific survival at 2 and 5 years was 96% and 92%, respectively. Six patients recurred (7%): locally (one), regionally (four), and distant (five). T stage, positive margins, and p16 status significantly impacted survival. The addition of adjuvant chemotherapy in high‐risk patients did not significantly impact survival. Five patients (6%) had major surgical complications, but without mortality. Eighty‐one percent of patients had acceptable swallowing function at last follow‐up. Immediately postoperatively, 17% required G‐tubes, which dropped to 3.4% of living patients at 3 years.Conclusions:In this population, our findings validate TLM ± adjuvant therapy as a highly effective strategy for survival, locoregional control, and swallowing recovery in AJCC stage III and IV oropharyngeal cancer. Our finding also show that p16 positivity improves survival. Laryngoscope, 2009
A contemporary review of wound healing in otolaryngology: Current state and future promise
Authors: Hom David B. , Sun Gordon H. , Elluru Ravindhra G. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractOver the last 15 years, a new paradigm shift has occurred in the way we approach and treat soft tissue defects to the face and neck. These changes are due to recent advances in wound healing research and new biological products that are now available to the otolaryngologist. This article summarizes some of the recent developments and newer concepts in soft tissue healing with skin, the subglottis and facial allotransplantation relevant to the otolaryngologist. Laryngoscope, 2009
In vitro and in vivo photodynamic therapy of otitis media in gerbils
Authors: Jung Jae Yun , Seung Kwon Pil , Chul Ahn Jin , Ge Ruifeng , Suh Myung‐Whan , Rhee Chung‐Ku 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial effects of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on common bacteria causing otitis media with effusion (OME).Methods:An in vitro study was carried out using a hematoporphyrin derivative sensitizer (Photogem; Lemonosov Institute of Fine Chemical, Moscow, Russia) and a 632‐nm diode laser on Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The presence of colony‐forming units of the bacteria was examined, the microscopic structures of the bacteria were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and flow cytometry of the bacteria was performed. An in vivo PDT study was performed using gerbils. S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae were injected into bullae. The Photogem was injected into the bullae 2 days later when OME developed, and transcanal irradiation with the 632‐nm diode laser (90 J) was performed. Middle ear and bulla were washed with Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) and the washed DPBS was cultured. The presence of bacterial colonies was examined.Results:The PDT was effective in killing all three kinds of bacteria. TEM showed damaged bacterial cell membranes and cytoplasmic structures, and the flow cytometry showed a lower number of viable bacteria in the PDT group compared to the control group. PDT was effective in killing S. pneumoniae in 87% of the infected bullae with OME, whereas it was effective in eradicating H. influenzae in 50% of the infected bullae with OME.Conclusions:The results of these studies demonstrated that PDT may be effective to treat otitis media. PDT may have clinical implications in the treatment of otitis media that is resistant to antibiotic therapy. Laryngoscope, 2009
Development and validation of the singing voice handicap‐10
Authors: Cohen Seth M. , Statham Melissa , Rosen Clark A. , Zullo Thomas 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To develop a shortened version of the validated health status instrument for singers, the Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI).Study Design:Prospective item analysis of the SVHI in patients with singing voice problems and creation and validation of an abbreviated SVHI, the SVHI‐10.Methods:Patients presenting to two tertiary care voice clinics prospectively completed the SVHI. Principal component analysis was performed. Individual item to total correlations were calculated, and individual items were also evaluated for bipolar response patterns. A clinical consensus conference prioritized each individual item. Items were then eliminated, and the internal consistency was evaluated. A second cohort of patients with singing voice problems completed the Voice Handicap Index‐10 (VHI‐10) and SVHI‐10 at two time points. Singers without voice problems also completed the SVHI‐10. SVHI‐10 scores were compared between the groups, correlations between the SVHI‐10 and VHI‐10 were performed, and test‐retest reliability of the SVHI‐10 assessed.Results:Singers with voice problems had worse SVHI‐10 scores than normal singers (P < .0001, t test). Test‐retest reliability was high (Spearman correlation = 0.86, P < .001). Internal consistency of the SVHI‐10 demonstrated a Cronbach α of .94, and the correlation between the SVHI‐10 and VHI‐10 was 0.7 (P < .001, Spearman correlation).Conclusions:The SVHI‐10 is a valuable instrument to assess self‐perceived handicap associated with singing voice problems with reduced patient burden. Laryngoscope, 2009
The paranasal sinuses as a protective crumple zone for the orbit
Authors: Kellman Robert M. , Schmidt Christopher 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The purpose of this study is to test the theory that the paranasal sinuses serve a protective function for the central nervous system and special sensory organs.Study Design:Nonrandomized experimental trauma study with fresh human cadavers.Methods:Fresh human cadaver heads were obtained and the sinuses on one side underwent endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery and were then filled with radio‐opaque bone cement to obliterate them. The contralateral sinuses were not operated upon to allow both for comparison to the experimental side and to serve as an intraspecimen control. The cadavers underwent serial computed tomography (CT) scans. Scans were performed prior to surgery, after surgery, and after unilateral sinus obliteration to obtain baseline CT studies prior to any impact testing. Sequential drops of increasing energy were then performed directing the impacts onto the globes. Initial endpoints were either orbital fractures or ocular injury. Trauma was induced by impacting a weighted rod onto the globes using a guided drop technique. Orbital rim impact was avoided, so that the effect of direct globe trauma could be assessed; fractures were thus induced via the hydraulic mechanism, in which force is transmitted through the globe to the surrounding tissues and orbital walls. After initial injury endpoints were met, additional impact testing was performed on globes, in which fractures occurred with lower drop forces to ensure impact energy equivalence between the control and the experimental sides.Results:All the experimentally obliterated paranasal sinus orbits tested suffered trauma‐induced globe ruptures, and no orbital wall fractures were encountered. On the control sides, no globe ruptures occurred at either an equivalent or higher energy than the energy needed to induce globe ruptures on the experimental side orbits, although orbital floor fractures on the control sides occurred after lower energy impacts in some cases.Conclusions:This study demonstrates that the thin orbital floor fractures preferentially, thereby protecting the globe from rupture as a result of the directed trauma. When the sinus crumple zones were eliminated, globe ruptures occurred. Laryngoscope, 2009
Assessment of septal deviation effects on nasal air flow: A computational fluid dynamics model
Authors: Chen Xiao Bing , Lee Heow Pueh , Hin Chong Vincent Fook , Wang De Yun 
Published: July 2009

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:The purpose of this article is to analyze the effects of septal deviation on the aerodynamic air flow pattern compared with that of a normal nose by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools.Methods:Two 3‐dimensional (3‐D) models of nasal cavities were constructed from the magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography scans of a healthy human nose and a nose with septal deviation, with the use of the software MIMICS 12.1 (The Materialise Group, Leuven, Belgium). Thereafter high‐resolution 3‐D volume meshes comprising boundary layer effect and computational domain exterior to the nose were constructed. Numerical simulations were carried out using FLUENT (ANSYS, Canonsburg, PA) for CFD simulations. The Reynolds‐averaged Navier‐Stokes equations were solved for the turbulence flow with the shear stress transport k − ω model.Results:In the nose model with septal deviation, major changes in the pattern of inspiratory airflow (e.g., flow partitioning and nasal resistance, velocity and pressure distributions, intensity and location of turbulence), wall shear stress, and increasing of total negative pressure through the nasal cavity were demonstrated qualitatively and quantitatively. In the healthy nose, the area with the highest intensity of turbulent flow was found in the functional nasal valve region, but it became less apparent or even disappeared in the septal deviation one.Conclusions:This CFD study provides detailed information of the aerodynamic effects of nasal septal deviation on nasal airflow patterns and their associated physiological functions. Laryngoscope, 2009
Trait superstition and consumer behavior: Re‐conceptualization, measurement, and initial investigations
Authors: Carlson Brad D. , Mowen John C. , Fang Xiang 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe authors propose that superstitions are employed as a heuristic device and that they influence a variety of consumer behaviors. Previous research has assessed superstition by investigating specific superstitious beliefs. The present research advances the literature by developing a general measure of a propensity to be superstitious. In a two‐study sequence, a new measure of trait superstition is developed and a nomological net of its consequences and antecedents identified. Study 1 employed a sample of 322 student responses to investigate the influence of trait superstition on traditional superstitious behaviors, such as keeping good‐luck charms. Study 2 employed a sample of 1158 consumer panel respondents to investigate the influence of trait superstition on consumer activities in which outcomes are uncertain and are likely to be influenced by chance. The studies reveal that after accounting for a set of antecedents, trait superstition is predictive of a wide variety of consumer beliefs, such as beliefs in astrology and in common negative superstitions (e.g., fear of black cats). In addition, a general predisposition to be superstitious leads to enduring dispositions to gamble, participate in promotional games, invest in stocks, forward superstitious e‐mails, keep good‐luck charms, and exhibit sport fanship. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are also discussed. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cultural value, consumption value, and global brand image: A cross‐national study
Authors: Park Hye‐Jung , Rabolt Nancy J. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn expanding their market to the global level with clear and consistent global brand images across nations, marketers are ever confronting the issue of how to deal with different cultural values. Cultural value is identified as an influential factor on brand image and is widely accepted as one of the crucial concepts in understanding consumer consumption value, which determines choices of consuming everyday products and services. Most firms endeavoring to establish and maintain consistent global brand images, however, adopt a standardized brand image strategy that usually does not consider individual target markets” characteristics, including the concepts of cultural value and consumption value. This study developed a conceptual framework which incorporated cultural value not only as a direct antecedent of brand image, but also as an indirect antecedent of brand image through consumption value, and empirically tested it using the category of apparel. Following this framework, this study hypothesized the differences in brand image, cultural value, and consumption value between the U.S. and South Korea. Data were gathered through surveying university students residing in the San Francisco and Seoul metropolitan areas using a convenience sampling method. A total of 329 completed questionnaires were used in factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results provide insights into standardized brand image strategies and suggest some implementable tools that might prove effective in both countries. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rapid Formation of Acrylated Microstructures by Microwave‐Induced Thermal Crosslinking
Authors: Lee Seung Hwan , Lee Won Gu , Chung Bong Geun , Park Jae Hong , Khademhosseini Ali 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe present a rapid and highly efficient method to form microstructure of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based acrylates by microwave‐induced thermal crosslinking. PEG‐based polymeric microstructures such as polymer microarrays and microwells were fabricated on 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA)‐coated glass slides that were placed on top of a silicon wafer. In comparison to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation curing, microwave‐induced thermal crosslinking could be completed within 10 s, without thermal degradation or oxygen inhibition in the presence of ambient oxygen. Furthermore, the activation of surviving free radical impurities by microwave‐induced heating enabled crosslinking even without an exogenous radical initiator (e.g., 2,2′‐azosisobutyronitrile (AIBN)). This approach can be beneficial for fabricating various PEG‐based microstructures for high‐throughput screening assays, cell‐based biosensors, and biomedical microdevices.magnified image
Aspects of food processing and its effect on allergen structure
Authors: Paschke Angelika 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe article summarizes current physical and chemical methods in food processing as storage, preparation, separation, isolation or purification and thermal application on the one hand as well as enzymatic treatment on the other and their impact on the properties of food proteins. Novel methods of food processing like high pressure, electric field application or irradiation and their impact on food allergens are presented. The EU project REDALL (Reduced Allergenicity of Processed Foods, Containing Animal Allergens: QLK1‐CT‐2002‐02687) showed that by a combination of enzyme and heat treatment the allergic potential of hen's egg decreased about 100 fold. Clinical reactions do not appear anymore. An AiF‐FV 12024 N project worked with fruits like mango, lychee and apple. Processed mango and lychee had no change in allergenic potential during heating while e. g. canning. Apple almost lost its allergenic potential after pasteurization in juice production.
Cytotoxicity of Maillard reaction products determined with a peptide spot library
Authors: Muscat Sonja , Pischetsrieder Monika , Maczurek Annette , Rothemund, Sven , Münch Gerald 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe reaction of reactive carbonyl compounds (RCCs) with lysine and arginine (Maillard reaction) is a common modification of proteins in thermally processed foods. In this study, the toxicity of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) formed from defined amino acids or dipeptides (bound to a cellulose membrane) with ribose, glycerinaldehyde or methylglyoxal was investigated. Murine RAW 264.7 macrophages were cultivated on the cellulose membrane and the effect of MRPs on cell viability was determined. The toxicity of MRPs was dependent on the RCC used and increased in the order of ribose < glycerinaldehyde < methylglyoxal. The dipeptides were more cytotoxic than the amino acids, with Lys–Lys MRPs being the most toxic of all tested MRPs. Cell numbers did not fall below the starting point, indicating that the MRPs rather inhibited proliferation than actually caused cell death. To develop an assay, in which whole membranes with multiple peptide spots could be tested simultaneously, we measured cell numbers on larger cellulose membranes using image analysis of the intracellularly formed formazan crystals. Although this method was technically feasable, it appears that uneven cell attachment on the membrane would require a way to detemine starting cell number by a non‐destructive assay to yield more robust data.