bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's Rights in Hungary in the Aftermath of the Revolution of 1989
Authors: Dóczi Martha 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe Hungarian Family Act was adopted in 1952 (Act No. VI.1952. on Marriage, Family and Guardianship) and amended on several occasions. Part one of the Family Code contains the regulations relating to marriage. The second part of the family Code summarizes the rules relating to the family (family, child, adoption, maintenance, custody etc.). The third part of the Family Act deals with guardianship. The other legislation regarding the children's rights are the Child Protection Act and the Decree on Guardianship. (Act XXXI/1997 on the protection of children and on the administration of guardianship affairs.) In 1991 and 1993, Hungary adopted provisions both from the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (Act LXIV of 1991) and from the European Convention on Human Rights (Act XXXI of 1993).
Children in Post-Communist Russia: Some Aspects of the Child's Right to Protection
Authors: Kravchuk Natasha 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe main focus of this paper is the rights of children in post-communist Russia. With this in view I give a brief overview of child's rights under the communist regime and after the Soviet Union breakdown. Further, I will examine in more detail the current situation with children's rights and, particularly, the child's right to protection. To make it more illustrative, after giving a legal framework, I will address the most acute and pressing problems in the field.
Serbian Family Law: Rights of the Child
Authors: Stanić Gordana Kovaček 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper deals with the rights of the child primarily in Serbian family law. According to Serbian Family Act 2005 the child at a certain age acquires some specific rights. For instance, at the age of fifteen if the child is able to reason he has these rights: to change a personal name, to get the information on his/her origins, to decide with which parent he/she will live, on maintaining personal contact with the parent he/she does not live with, the right to give consent to medical procedures, to decide which secondary school he/she will attend. The child has the right to freely express his or her opinion if the child is capable of forming an opinion. When reaches ten years of age the child has the right to freely and directly express his/her opinion. The Family Act of Serbia 2005 has introduced a special court proceeding in disputes for the protection of the child's rights.
Children's Rights within the Family – a Croatian View
Authors: Hrabar Dubravka 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSince 1998 children's rights are part of the Croatian legal system, due to the ratification of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and their incorporation into family law. Changes to family law that have been made since then deal with the modernization of the legal parent-child relation that aims at mutual parental responsibility and separate children's rights. The crucial point in considering the child's legal and social position is his/her welfare as mentioned clearly in the Family Act. Considering the fact that the family is the natural and most desirable environment for a child, it may be stated that family law is the most important field that embraces the many different needs and rights of all children.
US-Philippines Military Relations After the Mt Pinatubo Eruption in 1991: A Disaster Diplomacy Perspective
Authors: Kelman Ilan , Gaillard Jean-Christophe , Orillos Ma. Florina 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of the 1991 Mt Pinatubo eruption on the US-Republic of the Philippines military relations through the lens of disaster diplomacy. Disaster diplomacy focuses on how and why disaster-related activities (e.g. mitigation, prevention and response) do and do not yield diplomatic gains, looking mainly at disaster-related activities affecting diplomacy rather than the reverse. Disaster diplomacy 'pathways', identified in previous studies, help to explain how the Filipino and US governments approached the negotiations for renewing the lease of the US military facilities in the Philippines in the context of two bases being damaged by a volcanic eruption. The paper further addresses six underpinning questions of disaster diplomacy for this case study. These questions assist in answering this paper's central research question: how much did the 1991 eruption of Mt Pinatubo influence US-Philippines military cooperation due to the concurrent diplomatic talks between the two governments regarding the lease renewal for the US bases in the Philippines? The answer is that disaster-related activities due to the Mt Pinatubo eruption had a short-term impact on US-Philippines diplomacy. This impact was seen in the context of significant connections already existing, through the long-standing US-Philippines military links. Over the long-term, non-disaster factors had a more significant impact on US-Philippines military diplomacy than Mt Pinatubo, adding to the list of case studies for which disaster diplomacy's impact was limited.
Democratisation Through International Migration? Explorative Thoughts on a Novel Research Agenda
Authors: Kessler Christl , Rüland Jürgen , Rother Stefan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe article provides an introduction into this EJEAS issue on democratisation and international migration. Third Wave democratisation and the recent unprecedented increase in international labour migration may have the same structural origins, but so far few attempts have been made to link the two research agendas. One explanation might be that existing research on democratisation has neglected the exogenous dimension, and that migration research was preoccupied with destination countries. By drawing from the contributions to this Issue and the literature on norm diffusion, we argue that migrants have the potential to act as norm entrepreneurs and as agents of democratisation. The article maps out three avenues of norm diffusion: Migration can be the cause for changes of political attitudes at the individual level, it can be an enabling factor for collective action and it may lead to institutional change at the national and global level. To further assess how precisely these pathways might support or impede democratisation, more theory-guided empirical studies on the subject are urgently needed.
Democratic Citizenship and Labour Migration in East Asia Mapping Fields of Enquiry
Authors: Kessler Christl 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe contribution explores the implications of international migration on the research of democratisation processes. It focuses on the notion of democratic citizenship as a set of rights. Democratisation processes are thus conceptualised as processes in which rights are acquired, institutionalised and expanded. Expansion has two aspects: one is the inclusion of new groups of persons into the community of those entitled to rights, the other is the inclusion of new types of rights such as liberal, political, social, economic or cultural rights. Citizenship, which links the entitlement of rights to national belonging, must be rethought in the light of international migration.The repercussions of migration on citizenship rights and citizenship concepts have been explored in the context of labour immigrant incorporation within Western liberal democracies. For East Asia, however, these issues are largely unexplored. Labour migration in East Asia differs in several aspects from the Western template: labour-receiving countries in East Asia include authoritarian regimes as well as democracies in different states of consolidation. Furthermore, labour migration is predominantly temporary. Drawing on the theoretical insights of 'Western' debates, the article identifies the legitimate democratic representation as well as the conditions, the characteristics and the effects of struggles for migrants' rights as important fields of research on the nexus between labour migration and democratisation in East Asia.
Harmony, Olympic Manners and Morals—Chinese Television and the 'New Propaganda' of Public Service Advertising
Authors: Landsberger Stefan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractOver the past three decades, Chinese media have moved away from the tight controls under which they were kept since 1949. This forced those responsible for popular education to reconsider how their messages can be presented best to the public. Written propaganda, as published in newspapers, reached less and less people and was seen as boring and ineffective; the propaganda posters of the past could not compete with the many moving images and the glossy commercial messages that entered China. Television was seen as the most effective medium to present a modernized type of propaganda. As a result, the Party became a producer of 'public service advertising' (PSA, gongyi guanggao). Commercial advertising has inspired contents and forms of these PSA in major ways. Despite their important function in the wider framework of thought work, the production of PSA is hampered by three partially interrelated problems: financing, production and broadcasting. In the run-up to the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, the number and intensity of PSA increased.
Temporary Migration and Political Remittances: the role of organisational networks in the transnationalisation of human rights
Authors: Piper Nicola 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe starting point in exploring possible linkages between migration and democratisation in this paper is the role of collective organisations in influencing and changing the direction and practice of political activism aimed at advancing the rights of migrants as foreign workers. Given the specific context of my discussion being temporary contract migration—the predominant form of (legal) economic migration in Asia today—taking a transnational perspective that links origin and destination countries is paramount, as the problem issues these contract migrants face occur at both 'ends' of the migration journey, often simultaneously. I develop a reconputalisation of the notion of 'political remittances' to analyse political activism via collective organisations that operate across borders. In doing so, I raise the question whether this activism contributes to the transnationalisation of migrant rights—a specific form of political remittances. In conclusion, I argue that the analysis and theorisation of political remittances aimed at furthering solidarity among workers and democratising of labour and human relations needs to be situated within a multi-sited landscape of collective organisations and the networks between them.
Changed in Migration? Philippine Return Migrants and (Un)Democratic Remittances
Authors: Rother Stefan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe link between development and migration has been termed the 'new development mantra'. Studies on the subject have so far mostly focused on economic remittances, and the potential consequences of return migration on democratisation have been rarely touched upon. This article attests the potential of the migration experience to affect migrants' attitudes towards democracy, thus playing an important role in the diffuse support needed for democracies in the stage of consolidation. Based on a survey among 1,000 Philippine return migrants from six destinations, the paper suggests that the migration experience may not only lead to a more critical stance towards the political system of the home country; there are also indicators of lesser support for the principles of democracy when compared to migrants about to leave the country for the first time. The political system of the destination as such seems to be a less decisive factor than the specific freedoms and restrictions experienced by migrants and a potential bias when selecting the destination. The article focuses on return migrants from Saudi Arabia, Hong Kong and Japan, which showed the most distinctive numbers in support of democracy or changes therein when compared to first-time migrants heading for that destination.
State-led Migration, Democratic Legitimacy, and Deterritorialization: The Philippines' labour export model
Authors: Solomon M. Scott 
Published: December 2009

AbstractDeveloping countries are increasingly facilitating migration as a way of generating remittances for the home economy. The Philippines serves as a paradigmatic example, inaugurating a labour export scheme in 1973 that has grown each year and resulted in nearly 25 per cent of the labour force working abroad. The institutionalization of this labour export policy, along with changes in citizenship and voting laws, has led to the increasing deterritorialization of the Philippines state, with concomitant implications for democracy and democratization. This deterritorialization presents both opportunities and challenges for the state. Among them are the possibility of securing sustained remittances and the necessity of securing democratic legitimacy from a globalized polity. This paper traces the evolution of this labour export policy and analyzes the effects of state discursive strategies designed to secure democratic legitimacy. To further this analysis I present the results of a survey conducted among Filipina domestic workers in Hong Kong (n=691). The responses indicate the discursive strategy of 'national heroes' has been effective in that majorities of OFWs view themselves as 'heroes of the nation.' However, OFWs also view themselves as making sacrifices for the nation and have concerns about government commitments to protect the rights and interests of OFWs.
Constructing Children's Views in the Enforcement of Contact Orders
Authors: Höjer Ingrid , Röbäck Karin 
Published: December 2009

AbstractUsing findings from a qualitative Swedish study on children in family law, in particular the enforcement of contact orders, the article focuses on how professionals recognise and account for children's views in such proceedings. Data include 46 court verdicts, whereof 18 files were selected for special study, and 12 interviews with professionals. Results indicate that constructions of what are the children's 'real' views; a discussion of protecting children from negative responsibility; and chronological age, can be used to subordinate children's participation in court. In cases where children's 'conditions' for contact are disregarded by the court, we argue that the children's views are invalidated, as are the possible risk for children's exposure to violence and/or abuse. The reason for involving children in decision-making in family law is consequently not only to uphold children's rights, but to promote children's protection as well.
Best Practices in Counseling the Gifted in Schools: What’s Really Happening?
Authors: Wood Susannah 
Published: December 2009

School counselors play a vital role in meeting the needs of gifted students in their buildings. However, because there is a lack of structured, standardized, and empirically tested best practices for counseling gifted students, school counselors may not know how best to serve this unique population. The purpose of this study was to investigate gifted and talented adolescents’ experiences with the counseling techniques, strategies, and approaches most frequently cited in the gifted education literature in order to determine if any of these best practices were actually occurring. Few of these best practices were experienced by gifted and talented adolescents surveyed. School counselor preparation programs should consider providing training curriculum that addresses issues unique to the learning and development of gifted students. Putting the research to use School counselors play an integral role in supporting the talent development of gifted students. While there is an abundance of suggested best practices in counseling the gifted in the literature, there are few studies which ascertain if the suggested best practices are being provided by school counselors or the relationship between the gifted student and their counselor. This study was designed to enlighten both the fields of school counseling and gifted education as to what students are experiencing with their school counselors, what if any best practices are being delivered, and what programmatic options gifted students would like to see in their high schools. Findings indicate that few of the best practices are being experienced by high school students. Hence, while future research is needed to further explore this disconnect, the critical issue is the need for school counselors to have more exposure to these best practices in their preparation programs and beyond.
Examining the Relationship Between the Overexcitabilities and Self-Concepts of Gifted Adolescents via Multivariate Cluster Analysis
Authors: Rinn Anne N. , Mendaglio Sal , Moritz Rudasill Kathleen , McQueen Kand S. 
Published: December 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between gifted adolescents’ forms of overexcitabilities and self-concepts. Clusters of adolescents were formed on the basis of their overexcitabilities, and these clusters of adolescents were then compared with regard to their self-concept scores. Gender differences were also examined. The sample consisted of 379 gifted adolescents, ranging in age from 11 to 16 years of age. Forms of overexcitabilities were measured using the Overexcitabilities Questionnaire—II, and various facets of self-concept were measured using the Self-Description Questionnaire—II. Using cluster analysis, multivariate analysis of variance, and chi-square analysis, results suggested a distinct four-cluster solution, as well as differences between clusters in self-concept and gender. Putting the Research to Use Within this research, four distinct clusters of adolescents were found, namely a Low Imaginational group, a High Intellectual group, a Low Imaginational/High Psychomotor group, and a Low Psychomotor group. Differences in self-concept were found to center on the Low Psychomotor group, such that this group scored significantly lower than the three other groups with regard to various facets of self-concept. Females significantly outnumbered males in the Low Psychomotor group. Thus, gifted adolescent females with a low psychomotor overexcitability score may be more prone to a lowered self-concept and may need intervention, counseling, or special activities/accommodations to buffer the potential self-concept deficits they may face.
Developing and Fostering Passion in Academic and Nonacademic Domains
Authors: Fredricks Jennifer A. , Alfeld Corinne , Eccles Jacquelynne 
Published: December 2009

The purpose of this study was to explore how passion was manifested among gifted and talent youth selected from a larger longitudinal study of child and adolescent development. The gifted sample included 25 high school and college students who were selected because they were in a gifted program in elementary school. The talent sample included 41 high school students who were selected because they were highly involved in athletics and the arts in middle childhood. The authors found that passion was more characteristic of participation in nonacademic activities (i.e., sports and the arts). Talented youth were more likely to talk about wanting to do their activity all the time, experiencing flow, getting emotional release from participation, and internalizing the activity into their identity. The authors also found that school settings, and especially regular classrooms as compared with gifted and advanced classes, appeared to undermine rather that support passion. The authors discuss implications of their findings for creating school environments that can foster passion. Putting the Research to Use We found very little evidence of passion in our interviews with gifted high school and college youth. Instead, most of these youth talked about being bored and that little motivated them besides demonstrating their ability. Unfortunately, many of the youth talked negatively about aspects of both the academic and social environment. We offer suggestions for teachers and schools on how to increase passion in the classroom. Students are more likely to experience passion in environments where they feel supported by peers who are of similar ability and motivation levels, where teachers model enthusiasm and press for understanding, where there is adequate challenge, and where are opportunities to work on varied, meaningful, and cognitively complex tasks.
Mental Disorders Among Gifted and Nongifted Youth: A Selected Review of the Epidemiologic Literature
Authors: Martin Laurie T. , Burns Rachel M. , Schonlau Matthias 
Published: December 2009

Given the ongoing debate over whether giftedness is associated with mental health disorders, there is a great need to highlight and compare results from the most methodologically rigorous studies. Surprisingly, the vast majority of literature reviews and background sections of research articles include studies that do not directly compare gifted and nongifted youth. Furthermore, almost no attention has been paid to how differences in the definitions of giftedness or mental health outcomes of interest affect the interpretation and comparison of studies. The authors apply an epidemiologic perspective for thinking about these issues, highlight many of the challenges of studying this population, and present results from meta-analyses that include the most methodologically rigorous studies comparing rates of depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, suicide ideation, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) between gifted and nongifted youth. They conclude with recommendations to strengthen research in this area. Putting the research to use Through this review we sought to provide concrete recommendations to strengthen future research on the mental health of gifted children. Most notably, future studies should assess large, population-based cohorts that include both gifted and nongifted individuals. Researchers should also move toward describing their study population according to their specific aptitudes, talents, skills or abilities, rather than using the general term ‘gifted’. Thinking more specifically about these relationships will not only help us to understand the association between giftedness and mental health, but will also increase the potential to effectively shape programs and policies for gifted youth, focusing resources on the most vulnerable.