bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing eco-geographic influences on COVID-19 transmission: a global analysis
Authors: Pan Jing , Villalan Arivizhivendhan Kannan , Ni Guanying , Wu Renna , Sui ShiFeng , Wu Xiaodong , Wang XiaoLong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCOVID-19 has been massively transmitted for almost 3 years, and its multiple variants have caused serious health problems and an economic crisis. Our goal was to identify the influencing factors that reduce the threshold of disease transmission and to analyze the epidemiological patterns of COVID-19. This study served as an early assessment of the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 using the MaxEnt species distribution algorithm using the maximum entropy model. The transmission of COVID-19 was evaluated based on human factors and environmental variables, including climate, terrain and vegetation, along with COVID-19 daily confirmed case location data. The results of the SDM model indicate that population density was the major factor influencing the spread of COVID-19. Altitude, land cover and climatic factor showed low impact. We identified a set of practical, high-resolution, multi-factor-based maximum entropy ecological niche risk prediction systems to assess the transmission risk of the COVID-19 epidemic globally. This study provided a comprehensive analysis of various factors influencing the transmission of COVID-19, incorporating both human and environmental variables. These findings emphasize the role of different types of influencing variables in disease transmission, which could have implications for global health regulations and preparedness strategies for future outbreaks.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward sleep disorders and sleep hygiene among perimenopausal women
Authors: Shi Xiaomin , Shi Yi , Wang Jie , Wang Hui , Li Yunru 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis cross-sectional study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) toward sleep disorders and sleep hygiene among perimenopausal women, who were enrolled in Dezhou region of Shandong Province between July and September 2023. A total of 720 valid questionnaires were collected (mean age: 51.28 ± 4.32 years old), and 344 (47.78%) reported experiencing insomnia. The mean scores for knowledge, attitude, practice, and Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep (DBAS) were 15.73 ± 7.60 (possible range: 0–36), 29.35 ± 3.15 (possible range: 10–50), 28.54 ± 4.03 (possible range: 10–50), and 6.79 ± 1.90 (possible range: 0–10), respectively. Path analysis showed that knowledge had direct effects on attitude (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01–0.07, P = 0.001), and DBAS (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.02–0.05, P < 0.001). Knowledge had direct effects (β = 0.11, 95% CI 0.08–0.15, P < 0.001) and indirect (β = 0.02, 95% CI 0.00–0.03, P = 0.002) effect on practice. Moreover, attitude also had a direct impact on practice (β = 0.34, 95% CI 0.25–0.43, P < 0.001). In conclusion, perimenopausal women exhibited insufficient knowledge, negative attitude, inactive practice toward sleep disorders and sleep hygiene, and unfavorable DBAS, emphasizing the need for targeted healthcare interventions.
Repeated diagnostic ultrasound exposure modifies the structural properties of CA1 dendrites and alters the hippocampal transcriptome
Authors: Winkler-Ferenczi Zsuzsanna , Pelyvas Bence , Nagy Marianna , Marosi Maria , Beresova Monika , Varga Rita , Bencze Janos , Szucs Peter , Berenyi Ervin , Englohner Angelika , Meszar Zoltan , Papp Tamas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of neurons is regulated by several spatiotemporally changing factors, which are crucial to give the ability of neurons to form functional networks. While external physical stimuli may impact the early developmental stages of neurons, the medium and long-term consequences of these influences have yet to be thoroughly examined. Using an animal model, this study focuses on the morphological and transcriptome changes of the hippocampus that may occur as a consequence of fetal ultrasound examination. We selectively labeled CA1 neurons of the hippocampus with in-utero electroporation to analyze their morphological features. Furthermore, certain samples also went through RNA sequencing after repetitive ultrasound exposure. US exposure significantly changed several morphological properties of the basal dendritic tree. A notable increase was also observed in the density of spines on the basal dendrites, accompanied by various alterations in individual spine morphology. Transcriptome analysis revealed several up or downregulated genes, which may explain the molecular background of these alterations. Our results suggest that US-derived changes in the dendritic trees of CA1 pyramidal cells might be connected to modification of the transcriptome of the hippocampus and may lead to an increased dendritic input.
Joining up the scattered anticancer knowledge on auraptene and umbelliprenin: a meta-analysis
Authors: Shakiba Mohammadhosein , Rassouli Fatemeh B. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAuraptene (AUR) and umbelliprenin (UMB) are naturally occurring prenylated coumarins that have demonstrated promising anticancer effects across various human cancer cell lines. This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess, compare, and quantify the anticancer efficacy of AUR and UMB by synthesizing evidence from in vitro studies. A comprehensive literature search identified 27 eligible studies investigating AUR or UMB against cancer cells. Mixed-effects models revealed significant negative associations between coumarin dose and viability for AUR (est. = − 2.27) and UMB (est. = − 3.990), underscoring their dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Meta-regression indicated slightly higher potency for UMB over AUR, potentially due to increased lipophilicity imparted by additional isoprenyl units. Machine learning approaches identified coumarin dose and cancer type as the most influential determinants of toxicity, while treatment duration and the specific coumarin displayed weaker effects. Moderate (AUR) to substantial (UMB) between-study heterogeneity was detected, although the findings proved robust. In summary, this meta-analysis establishes AUR and UMB as promising natural anticancer candidates with clear dose-toxicity relationships across diverse malignancies. The structural insights and quantifications of anticancer efficacy can inform forthcoming efforts assessing therapeutic potential in pre-clinical models and human trials.
Multivariate analysis of the phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties in twenty-five accessions across three Achillea species
Authors: Farajpour Mostafa , Ebrahimi Mohsen , Sadat-Hosseini Mohammad , Al-Fekaiki Dhia Falih , Baghizadeh Amin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study explored the chemical composition, antioxidant activity, and total phenol content of aerial parts from 25 accessions of three Achillea species (Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch, Achillea vermicularis Trin., and Achillea tenuifolia Lam.). The plants were collected from various natural habitats across Iran, encompassing regions such as Central, Western, Southern, Northern, Western, and Northwestern parts of the country. Subsequently, they were grown together under field conditions. The study revealed significant variation in essential oil yields among accessions of A. wilhelmsii, ranging from 0.01 to 0.107%, A. vermicularis with a range of 0.075 to 1.5%, and A. tenuifolia showing a variation of 0.1 to 2%. The study utilized Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis, revealing 75, 49, and 75 compounds in the essential oils of A. wilhelmsii, A. tenuifolia, and A. vermicularis, respectively. Major components included camphor, 1,8-cineole, anethole, α-pinene, and phytol in A. wilhelmsii, 1,8-cineole, camphor, levo-carvone, and δ-terpinene in A. vermicularis, and β-cubebene, elixene, β-sesquiphellandrene, 1,8-cineole, camphor, and δ-terpinene in A. tenuifolia. The essential oil compositions of A. wilhelmsii and A. vermicularis were predominantly characterized by oxygenated monoterpenes, whereas that of A. tenuifolia was characterized by sesquiterpenes. Cluster analysis grouped accessions into three clusters, with A. tenuifolia forming a distinct group. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) triplot (62.21% of total variance) confirmed these results and provided insights into compound contributions. Furthermore, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the accessions of three species were assessed over 2 years. A. tenuifolia exhibited the highest levels in both categories, with statistically significant linear regression between antioxidant activity and total phenol content for A. tenuifolia and A. wilhelmsii. These findings emphasize significant phytochemical diversity within Achillea species, positioning them as promising natural sources of antioxidants. Further exploration and selection of specific accessions within each species are crucial for unlocking their medicinal potential and supporting cultivation and conservation efforts.
Palladium-Catalyzed Cyanations of Aryl Imidazolylsulfonates with K4[Fe(CN)6]: A Pragmatic Approach to Benzonitriles from Phenols
Authors: Albaneze-Walker Jennifer , Frantz Doug E. , Wilson Nicolas A. , Palmer William M. , Ganley Jacob M. , Coombs John R. , Levorse Mark S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA general Pd-catalyzed approach for the conversion of phenols into benzonitriles via aryl imidazolylsulfonates with a non-toxic cyanide source, potassium ferrocyanide, has been developed. Salient features of this method include low palladium precatalyst loadings (as low as 1.0 mol% total Pd), mild reaction conditions, and environmentally benign by-products compared to other (pseudo)halide aryl electrophiles. The initial scope of the reaction on a range of phenolic precursors is demonstrated including a one-pot, two-step approach to convert phenols directly into benzonitriles.
Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds with Pyrimidine-4-carbaldehydes as Key Intermediates
Authors: Zimmer Reinhold , Reissig Hans-Ulrich , Mavroskoufis Alexandros , Deckert Samuel , Fopp Carolin , Hertwig Hakon , Schydlo Jakob John , Bera Mrinal K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWith the motivation to expand the compound library of specifically substituted pyrimidine derivatives, we prepared several pyrimidine-4-carbaldehydes. In most cases, the chemoselective oxidation of 4-hydroxymethyl-substituted pyrimidine derivatives could be achieved in good yields to provide the desired compounds. Alternatively, the aldehydes were prepared by Riley oxidation with selenium dioxide from the corresponding 4-methylpyrimidines. The formyl group of these compounds was employed as handle to generate alkynyl, cyano, oxazol-5-yl or β-ketoester substituents. Furthermore, two methods were found to prepare furo[3,2-d]pyrimidines. A serendipitously discovered reaction to a 6-(pyrimidin-4-yl)furo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-7-ol derivative involves a mechanistically interestingly ‘dimerization’ process with a benzoin addition as key step. Other compounds in this series contain amino, azido, or 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl groups. All these transformations to highly substituted pyrimidine derivatives demonstrate the synthetic versatility of pyrimidine-4-carbaldehydes and similar compounds.
Radical right and anti-vax protests between movements and parties: a comparative study
Authors: Caiani Manuela , Susanszky Pal , Saridakis Nikos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Mobilisations opposed to vaccinations and other Covid-19-related measures have dominated the protest arena in the recent years of the pandemic. Radical right collective actors, whether newly emerging or revitalised, have successfully shaped public discourses and gained significant roles on the streets and in party politics. This paper analyses the radical right (RR) mobilisation that takes place in response to the pandemic, looking at the main actors, demands and strategies behind protest events, and paying particular attention to the relationship between movements and parties. The analysis focusses on Italy and Hungary, two European countries characterised by favourable political opportunities for radical right mobilisation in recent years. The argument is that the pandemic offered a new window of opportunities for the empowerment of (new and old) radical right collective actors, leading, however, to different outcomes in terms of ‘movement–parties’ relations (or ‘movement–parties’ formation). The article draws on a mixed method approach including a protest event analysis based on newspapers and police records (2021–2022), comprising more than 300 events, and 30 in-depth interviews with radical right and anti-vax activists and leaders in both countries. The findings highlight that while health-related demands are the most important issues in both countries, the outcomes of such protests are different, both in terms of the intensity of radical right mobilisation (including violence) and in the movement–party relations. In the Italian case, the protest against vaccines gives birth to a strict division of labour or ‘conflict’ between RR movements (which remained the main actors of the street protest) and political parties (in institutions), while in Hungary the two sides are characterised by ‘cooperation’. These results demonstrate that in the two analysed countries, anti-vax and Covid-19-related protests have different impacts on national politics and the conflict arena, which require investigation of movement–party relations to be fully grasped.
How HR managers develop ideas about HR reform: the role of inter-corporate knowledge exchange in Japan
Authors: Conrad Harald , Meyer-Ohle Hendrik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFollowing a call for actor-centric research in HRM, we look at the modes how HR managers acquire HR knowledge. Our interview study with HR managers of large established companies in Japan finds a clear preference for direct inter-corporate knowledge exchanges instead of the engagement of outside consultants. Discussing our findings, we explain the reasons for this preference. Abstracting from the case of Japan, we then propose with reference to institutional theory and isomorphism that the way HR knowledge is spread is linked to the nature of employment systems. In external labour markets, HR knowledge has been reported to be predominantly spread through business consultants, educational institutions, and career changes of HR professionals, resulting in normative isomorphism. We propose that in internal labour markets, like Japan’s, companies resort to direct inter-corporate knowledge exchange, which leads to mimetic isomorphism.
A systematic study of solvation structure of asymmetric lithium salts in water
Authors: Fang Lingzhe , Nguyen Huong , Gonzalez Rena , Li Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aqueous electrolytes are promising in large-scale energy storage applications due to intrinsic low toxicity, non-flammability, high ion conductivity, and low cost. However, pure water’s narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) limits the energy density of aqueous rechargeable batteries. Water-in-salt electrolytes (WiSE) proposal has expanded the ESW to over 3 V by changing electrolyte solvation structure. The limited solubility and WIS electrolyte crystallization have been persistent concerns for imide-based lithium salts. Asymmetric lithium salts compensate for the above flaws. However, studying the solvation structure of asymmetric salt aqueous electrolytes is rare. Here, we applied small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and Raman spectroscope to reveal the solvation structure of imide-based asymmetric lithium salts. The SAXS spectra show the blue shifts of the lower q peak with decreased intensity as the increasing of concentration, indicating a decrease in the average distance between solvated anions. Significantly, an exponential decrease in the d-spacing as a function of concentration was observed. In addition, we also applied the Raman spectroscopy technique to study the evolutions of solvent-separated ion pairs (SSIPs), contacted ion pairs (CIPs), and aggregate ions (AGGs) in the solvation structure of asymmetric salt solutions.
Hydrostatic approximation and optimal convergence rate for the Second-Grade fluid system
Authors: Paicu Marius , Yu Tianyuan , Zhu Ning 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the study of the Second-Grade fluid system from three aspects. Firstly, we establish the well-posedness of the scaled anisotropic Second-Grade fluid system and the hydrostatic Second-Grade fluid system in a thin strip

R

×

T

with convex Gevrey-2 initial data. Secondly, we justify the limit from the anisotropic Second-Grade fluid system to the hydrostatic Second-Grade fluid system. Finally, we prove that the hydrostatic Second-Grade fluid system will converge to the hydrostatic Navier–Stokes system as material parameter goes to zero.
Assessment of fluence- and dose-averaged linear energy transfer with passive luminescence detectors in clinical proton beams
Authors: Domingo Muñoz Iván , Van Hoey Olivier , Parisi Alessio , Bassler Niels , Grzanka Leszek , De Saint-Hubert Marijke , Vaniqui Ana , Olko Paweł , Sądel Michał , Stolarczyk Liliana , Vestergaard Anne , Jäkel Oliver , Gardenali Yukihara Eduardo , Brage Christensen Jeppe 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. This work investigates the use of passive luminescence detectors to determine different types of averaged linear energy transfer (

LET
―

) for the energies relevant to proton therapy. The experimental results are compared to reference values obtained from Monte Carlo simulations. Approach. Optically stimulated luminescence detectors (OSLDs), fluorescent nuclear track detectors (FNTDs), and two different groups of thermoluminescence detectors (TLDs) were irradiated at four different radiation qualities. For each irradiation, the fluence- (

LET
―

f

) and dose-averaged LET (

LET
―

d

) were determined. For both quantities, two sub-types of averages were calculated, either considering the contributions from primary and secondary protons or from all protons and heavier, charged particles. Both simulated and experimental data were used in combination with a phenomenological model to estimate the relative biological effectiveness (RBE). Main results. All types of

LET
―

could be assessed with the luminescence detectors. The experimental determination of

LET
―

f

is in agreement with reference data obtained from simulations across all measurement techniques and types of averaging. On the other hand,

LET
―

d

can present challenges as a radiation quality metric to describe the detector response in mixed particle fields. However, excluding secondaries heavier than protons from the

LET
―

d

calculation, as their contribution to the luminescence is suppressed by ionization quenching, leads to equal accuracy between

LET
―

f

and

LET
―

d

. Assessment of RBE through the experimentally determined

LET
―

d

values agrees with independently acquired reference values, indicating that the investigated detectors can determine

LET
―

with sufficient accuracy for proton therapy. Significance. OSLDs, TLDs, and FNTDs can be used to determine

LET
―

and RBE in proton therapy. With the capability to determine dose through ionization quenching corrections derived from

LET
―

, OSLDs and TLDs can simultaneously ascertain dose,

LET
―

, and RBE. This makes passive detectors appealing for measurements in phantoms to facilitate validation of clinical treatment plans or experiments related to proton therapy.
Ultra-short time-echo based ray tracing for transcranial focused ultrasound aberration correction in human calvaria
Authors: Manuel Thomas J , Bancel Thomas , Tiennot Thomas , Didier Mélanie , Santin Mathieu , Daniel Maxime , Attali David , Tanter Mickael , Lehéricy Stéphane , Pyatigorskaya Nadya , Aubry Jean-Francois 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective. Magnetic resonance guided transcranial focused ultrasound holds great promises for treating neurological disorders. This technique relies on skull aberration correction which requires computed tomography (CT) scans of the skull of the patients. Recently, ultra-short time-echo (UTE) magnetic resonance (MR) sequences have unleashed the MRI potential to reveal internal bone structures. In this study, we measure the efficacy of transcranial aberration correction using UTE images.&#xD;Approach. We compare the efficacy of transcranial aberration correction using UTE scans to CT based correction on four skulls and two targets using a clinical device (Exablate Neuro, Insightec, Israel). We also evaluate the performance of a custom ray tracing algorithm using both UTE and CT estimates of acoustic properties and compare these against the performance of the manufacturer’s proprietary aberration correction software. &#xD;Main results. UTE estimated skull maps in Hounsfield units (HU) had a mean absolute error of 242 ± 20 HU (n=4). The UTE skull maps were sufficiently accurate to improve pressure at the target (no correction: 0.44 ± 0.10, UTE correction: 0.79 ± 0.05, manufacturer CT: 0.80 ± 0.05), pressure confinement ratios (no correction: 0.45 ± 0.10, UTE correction: 0.80 ± 0.05, manufacturer CT: 0.81 ± 0.05), and targeting error (no correction: 1.06 ± 0.42 mm, UTE correction 0.30 ± 0.23 mm, manufacturer CT: 0.32 ± 0.22) (n=8 for all values). When using CT, our ray tracing algorithm performed slightly better than UTE based correction with pressure at the target (UTE: 0.79 ± 0.05, CT: 0.84 ± 0.04), pressure confinement ratios (UTE: 0.80 ± 0.05, CT: 0.84 ± 0.04), and targeting error (UTE: 0.30 ± 0.23 mm, CT: 0.17 ± 0.15). &#xD;Significance. These 3D transcranial measurements suggest that UTE sequences could replace CT scans in the case of MR guided focused ultrasound with minimal reduction in performance which will avoid ionizing radiation exposure to the patients and reduce procedure time and cost.&#xD;
Correction of multiplexing artefacts in multi-pinhole SPECT through temporal shuttering, de-multiplexing of projections, and alternating reconstruction
Authors: Pells Sophia , Zeraatkar Navid , Kalluri Kesava S , Moore Stephen C , May Micaehla , Furenlid Lars R , Kupinski Matthew A , Kuo Phillip H , King Michael A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with pinhole collimators can provide high-resolution imaging, but is often limited by low sensitivity. Acquiring projections simultaneously through multiple pinholes affords both high resolution and high sensitivity. However, the overlap of projections from different pinholes on detectors, known as multiplexing, has been shown to cause artefacts which degrade reconstructed images. Approach. Multiplexed projection sets were considered here using an analytic simulation model of AdaptiSPECT-C—a brain-dedicated multi-pinhole SPECT system. AdaptiSPECT-C has fully adaptable aperture shutters, so can acquire projections with a combination of multiplexed and non-multiplexed frames using temporal shuttering. Two strategies for reducing multiplex artefacts were considered: an algorithm to de-multiplex projections, and an alternating reconstruction strategy for projections acquired with a combination of multiplexed and non-multiplexed frames. Geometric and anthropomorphic digital phantoms were used to assess a number of metrics. Main results. Both de-multiplexing strategies showed a significant reduction in image artefacts and improved fidelity, image uniformity, contrast recovery and activity recovery (AR). In all cases, the two de-multiplexing strategies resulted in superior metrics to those from images acquired with only mux-free frames. The de-multiplexing algorithm provided reduced image noise and superior uniformity, whereas the alternating strategy improved contrast and AR. Significance. The use of these de-multiplexing algorithms means that multi-pinhole SPECT systems can acquire projections with more multiplexing without degradation of images.