bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of left ventricular outflow tract size with arch morphology in interrupted aortic arch
Authors: Elbatarny Malak , Lee Grace , Howell Alison , Signorile Marisa , Honjo Osami , Barron David J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants with interrupted aortic arch (IAA). Left Ventricular Outflow Tract (LVOT) development may be flow-mediated, thus IAA morphology may influence LVOT diameter and subsequent reintervention. We investigated the association of IAA morphology [type and presence of aortic arch aberrancy (AAb)] with LVOT diameter and reintervention.

METHODS
All surgical patients with IAA (2001–2022) were reviewed at a single institution. We compared IAA-A versus IAA-B; IAA with aortic AAb versus none; IAA-B with aberrant subclavian (AAbS) artery versus others. Primary outcomes included LVOT diameter (mm), LVOTO at discharge (≥50 mmHg), and LVOT reintervention.

RESULTS
Seventy-seven infants (mean age 10 ± 19 days) were followed for 7.6 (5.5–9.7) years. Perioperative mortality was 3.9% (3/77) and long-term mortality was 5.2% (4/77). Out of 51 IAA-B (66%) and 22 IAA-A (31%) patients, 30% (n = 22) had AAb. Smaller LVOT diameter was associated with IAA-B [IAA-A: 5.40 (4.68–5.80), IAA-B: 4.60 (3.92–5.50), P = 0.007], AAb [AAb: 4.00 (3.70–5.04) versus none: 5.15 (4.30–5.68), P = 0.006], and combined IAA-B + AAbS [IAA-B + AAbS: 4.00 (3.70–5.02) versus other: 5.00 (4.30–5.68), P = 0.002]. The likelihood of LVOTO was higher among AAb [N = 6 (25%) vs N = 1 (2%), P = 0.004] and IAA-B + AAbS [N = 1 (2%) vs N = 6 (30%), P = 0.002]. Time-to-event analysis showed a signal towards increased LVOT reintervention in IAA-B + AAbS (P = 0.11).

CONCLUSIONS
IAA-B and AAb are associated with small LVOT diameter and early LVOTO, especially in combination. This may reflect lower flow in the proximal arch during development. Most reinterventions occur in IAA-B + AAbS, hence these patients should be carefully considered for LVOT intervention at the time of initial repair.
Posterior crossbite corrections in the early mixed dentition with quad helix or rapid maxillary expander: a cost-effectiveness analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Hansson Stina , Johansson Naimi , Lindsten Rune , Petrén Sofia , Bazargani Farhan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Unilateral posterior crossbite is a common malocclusion, and early treatment is recommended to enable normal growth. There are several possibilities regarding choice of appliances used for correcting this malocclusion; however, when treatment is financed by public funds the decision needs to be based not only on the effects but also on the effect in relation to the costs.

Objectives
The aim was to perform a cost-effectiveness analysis comparing quad helix (QH) and rapid maxillary expanders (RME; hyrax-type) in children in the early mixed dentition.

Material and methods
Seventy-two patients were randomized to treatment with either QH or RME, at two different centres. Data were collected from the patient’s medical records regarding success rate, number of visits, total treatment time, emergency visits, and so forth, together with answers from patient questionnaires concerning absence from school and use of analgesics. A cost-effectiveness analysis with both an intention-to-treat (ITT) and a per-protocol approach was performed, as well as a deterministic sensitivity analysis.

Results
The success rate, one year after the completion of the expansion, was equal between groups according to the ITT approach. From a healthcare perspective, the mean cost difference between RME and QH was €32.05 in favour of QH (P = 0.583; NS). From a societal perspective, the mean cost difference was €32.61 in favour of QH (P = 0.742; NS). The total appliance cost alone was higher in the RME group €202.67 resp. €155.58 in the QH group (P = 0.001). The probability of RME having a higher cost was 71% from a healthcare perspective and 62.7% from a societal perspective. The total treatment time was 97 days longer in the QH group. In the deterministic sensitivity analysis, when using a higher valuation of the children’s educational loss, the QH becomes €58 more costly than the RME. There was a statistically significant difference in chair time and visits between centres (P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
The difference in costs between RME and QH is not statistically significant, however, there is a slightly higher probability that RME is more expensive than QH with a mean cost of an additional €32 per patient from a healthcare perspective. Different work procedures at different centres indicate that logistics around the patient’s treatment is a more important aspect than appliance used to decrease the number of visits and save chair time and thereby also costs.
Revisiting translation as a method in language teaching and learning
Authors: Ping Yuan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article begins by defining translation and discussing its use in language education. It then presents a case study of an EFL listening and speaking course taught at a Chinese university that incorporates communicative translation activities, including vocabulary exercises, group presentations, and role-playing. The article concludes by reflecting on the experience of teaching the course and the lessons learnt. It aims to foster a deeper understanding of the relationship between translation and language teaching/learning and to suggest practical applications of this understanding for teachers in diverse educational settings.
The effect of information and beliefs on preferences for sustainably produced beef
Authors: Ishaq Mariam , Kolady Deepthi , Grebitus Carola 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Beef production is a major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We conducted a choice experiment to analyse consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for beef characterised as carbon-friendly. We included a treatment where respondents were informed about carbon-friendly production and surveyed beliefs regarding beef production’s contribution to GHG emissions. The results show that consumers have a positive WTP for carbon-friendly beef and providing information increases the premium that they are willing to pay for it. The findings also suggest that consumers who believe that beef production contributes to GHG emissions are willing to pay more for beef carrying a carbon-friendly label.
Health-related quality of life and healthcare costs of symptoms and cardiovascular disease events in patients with atrial fibrillation: a longitudinal analysis of 27 countries from the EURObservational Research Programme on Atrial Fibrillation general long-term registry
Authors: Walli-Attaei Marjan , Little Mathew , Luengo-Fernandez Ramon , Gray Alastair , Torbica Aleksandra , Maggioni Aldo P , Bairami Firoozeh , Huculeci Radu , Aboyans Victor , Timmis Adam D , Vardas Panos , Leal Jose 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
We examine the effects of symptoms and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and healthcare costs in a European population with atrial fibrillation (AF).

Methods and results
In the EURObservational Research Programme on AF long-term general registry, AF patients from 250 centres in 27 European countries were enrolled and followed for 2 years. We used fixed effects models to estimate the association of symptoms and CVD events on HRQOL and annual healthcare costs. We found significant decrements in HRQOL in AF patients in whom ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) [−0.075 (95% confidence interval −0.144, −0.006)], angina or non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) [−0.037 (−0.071, −0.003)], new-onset/worsening heart failure [−0.064 (−0.088, −0.039)], bleeding events [−0.031 (−0.059, −0.003)], thromboembolic events [−0.071 (−0.115, −0.027)], mild symptoms [0.037 (−0.048, −0.026)], or severe/disabling symptoms [−0.090 (−0.108, −0.072)] occurred during the follow-up. During follow-up, annual healthcare costs were associated with an increase of €11 718 (€8497, €14 939) in patients with STEMI, €5823 (€4757, €6889) in patients with angina/NSTEMI, €3689 (€3219, €4158) in patients with new-onset or worsening heart failure, €3792 (€3315, €4270) in patients with bleeding events, and €3182 (€2483, €3881) in patients with thromboembolic events, compared with AF patients without these events. Healthcare costs were primarily driven by inpatient costs. There were no significant differences in HRQOL or healthcare resource use between EU regions or by sex.

Conclusion
Symptoms and CVD events are associated with a high burden on AF patients and healthcare systems throughout Europe.
haploMAGIC: accurate phasing and detection of recombination in multiparental populations despite genotyping errors
Authors: Montero-Tena Jose A , Abdollahi Sisi Nayyer , Kox Tobias , Abbadi Amine , Snowdon Rod J , Golicz Agnieszka A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Recombination is a key mechanism in breeding for promoting genetic variability. Multiparental populations (MPPs) constitute an excellent platform for precise genotype phasing, identification of genome-wide crossovers (COs), estimation of recombination frequencies, and construction of recombination maps. Here, we introduce haploMAGIC, a pipeline to detect COs in MPPs with single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data by exploiting the pedigree relationships for accurate genotype phasing and inference of grandparental haplotypes. haploMAGIC applies filtering to prevent false-positive COs due to genotyping errors (GEs), a common problem in high-throughput SNP analysis of complex plant genomes. Hence, it discards haploblocks not reaching a specified minimum number of informative alleles. A performance analysis using populations simulated with AlphaSimR revealed that haploMAGIC improves upon existing methods of CO detection in terms of recall and precision, most notably when GE rates are high. Furthermore, we constructed recombination maps using haploMAGIC with high-resolution genotype data from 2 large multiparental populations of winter rapeseed (Brassica napus). The results demonstrate the applicability of the pipeline in real-world scenarios and showed good correlations in recombination frequency compared with alternative software. Therefore, we propose haploMAGIC as an accurate tool at CO detection with MPPs that shows robustness against GEs.
Gene duplication and evolutionary plasticity of lin-12/Notch gene function in Caenorhabditis
Authors: Lyu Haimeng , Moya Nicolas D , Andersen Erik C , Chamberlin Helen M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Gene duplication is an important substrate for the evolution of new gene functions, but the impacts of gene duplicates on their own activities and on the developmental networks in which they act are poorly understood. Here, we use a natural experiment of lin-12/Notch gene duplication within the nematode genus Caenorhabditis, combined with characterization of loss- and gain-of-function mutations, to uncover functional distinctions between the duplicate genes in 1 species (Caenorhabditis briggsae) and their single-copy ortholog in Caenorhabditis elegans. First, using improved genomic sequence and gene model characterization, we confirm that the C. briggsae genome includes 2 complete lin-12 genes, whereas most other genes encoding proteins that participate in the LIN-12 signaling pathway retain a one-to-one orthology with C. elegans. We use CRISPR-mediated genome editing to introduce alleles predicted to cause gain-of-function (gf) or loss-of-function (lf) into each C. briggsae gene and find that the gf mutations uncover functional distinctions not apparent from the lf alleles. Specifically, Cbr-lin-12.1(gf), but not Cbr-lin-12.2(gf), causes developmental defects similar to those observed in Cel-lin-12(gf). In contrast to Cel-lin-12(gf), however, the Cbr-lin-12.1(gf) alleles do not cause dominant phenotypes as compared to the wild type, and the mutant phenotype is observed only when 2 gf alleles are present. Our results demonstrate that gene duplicates can exhibit differential capacities to compensate for each other and to interfere with normal development, and uncover coincident gene duplication and evolution of developmental sensitivity to LIN-12/Notch activity.
Does Social Support Moderate the Relationship Between Frailty and Functional Ability Trajectory Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults?
Authors: Yu Jiaqi , Si Huaxin , Liu Qinqin , Li Yanyan , Zhou Wendie , Wang Cuili 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Functional ability is the important prerequisite to live independently and achieve aging in place, which depends on the complex interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Identifying the trends and influencing factors of functional ability would contribute to the accurate assessment and intervention of geriatric health. This study aimed to disentangle the moderating effect of 3 types of social support, namely objective support, subjective support, and support utilization, on the relationship between frailty and functional ability trajectories.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis using data from a prospective 3-wave study with a sample of 777 Chinese community-dwelling older adults. Social support was assessed using the Social Support Rating scale. Frailty was assessed using the FRAIL scale. Functional ability was measured by the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale. Latent growth curve models were implemented to test their relationships.

Results
Objective support but not subjective support or support utilization moderated on the relationship between frailty and functional ability slope. Functional ability decline over time was buffered by objective support among robust individuals but exacerbated among (pre)frail individuals.

Conclusions
The moderating effect of social support on the relationship between frailty and functional ability trajectory varies by support types, which reminded that social support may be a promising intervention target to maintain functional independence for frail individuals, opening up a new perspective on social support in the field of disability prevention. Effective interventions should particularly address objective support in conjunction with empowering the frail older population to optimize the trajectory of functional ability.
A meta-analytical review of the relationship, antecedents, and consequences of information seeking and information scanning
Authors: Lewis Nehama , Andrews Emily A , Keefe Denali , Walter Nathan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Prior studies have examined correlates of health information seeking and scanning separately, focusing on distinct theoretical frameworks, antecedents, and outcomes. In this meta-analysis we synthesize this research (k = 21; N = 39,510) by examining the relationship between health information seeking and scanning, and their key antecedents and outcomes. Results show that seeking and scanning are moderately and positively correlated, supporting the claim that these are distinct, albeit related, and behaviors. Level of education and income are positive correlates of scanning (but not seeking) behaviors. Conversely, issue-relevance is positively associated with seeking (but not scanning). Results show substantial parity in associations between seeking and scanning with topic-relevant attitudes and behavioral intention. Information seeking (but not scanning), however, is a significant correlate of risk perceptions and perceived social norms. Thus, scanning and seeking are associated with distinct antecedents, but have similar effects. We offer theoretical implications and directions for future research.
A mixed-method analysis of the contribution of informal sport to public health in Australia
Authors: Jeanes Ruth , O’Connor Justen , Penney Dawn , Spaaij Ramon , Magee Jonathan , O’ Hara Eibhlish , Lymbery Lisa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Informal sport is a growth area of sport participation but there has been limited examination of how informal and unstructured forms of participation may contribute to health outcomes that are important for public health. This article aims to address the current lack of data examining the health outcomes associated with informal sport participation and consider the potential role of informal sport within efforts to promote healthier communities through sport. The article seeks to broaden understanding of how informal sport participation can contribute to health outcomes, particularly with regard to increasing physical activity and enhancing mental health and social connection. The article discusses the findings of an Australian mixed-method study that draws on observation, survey, interview and focus group data to examine the prospective health and social benefits of informal sport participation for adults. The findings demonstrate that informal sport participation can contribute to physical and mental health outcomes and facilitate social connection. Analysis of the observation data enabled an examination of the economic value of informal sport in relation to the health benefits it affords. The study provides valuable evidence of the value of informal sport for enhancing community health and broadens understanding of how sport can be utilized as a health promotion resource. The article concludes by suggesting that through leveraging existing infrastructure and the self-organizing aspects of informal sport, local government and health stakeholders can harness its potential to improve public health outcomes and address health inequities.
Extended-sleeve resection for endoluminal recurrence of B3 thymoma: does aerogenous spread really exist?
Authors: Tombelli Simone , Bongiolatti Stefano , Pasini Valeria , Voltolini Luca 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Thymomas are a variant of thymic epithelial tumours. They are considered malignant due to their tendency to local invasion and they showed lower metastatic behaviour. Distal metastasis is rare and an endobronchial mass is a rare presentation. First-line treatment for early-stage thymomas is surgery; for Masaoka–Koga stage III, neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemoradiation therapy should be considered in association with surgery after Multidisciplinary Tumour Board evaluation. We report a rare case of radical resection with type A extended-sleeve lobectomy in a 63-year-old woman who was affected by endobronchial recurrence of B3 thymoma, 31 months after complete and radical thymectomy.
Experiences of community pharmacists in the United Kingdom on the provision of travel health services and associated educational requirements
Authors: Goodyer Larry , Evans Derek , Wilson Amanda , Palit Piali , Ma Christopher , Lister Helen R , Poletti Tiziano 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Travel health services play a critical role in public health. Previously, travel services were provided solely through GPs or private specialist clinics. In recent years, they have been available from community pharmacists in the UK. This study sought to understand the types of travel health services provided by community pharmacists and to establish the educational needs.

Method
Qualitative interviews and focus groups explored current practices and educational needs in travel medicine. Thematic analysis of transcribed interviews and focus groups was conducted to understand how travel services are provided and the training undertaken by community pharmacists in delivering these services.

Results
Nine individual interviews and one focus group of seven additional pharmacists was conducted. Pharmacists considered that they provided a comprehensive service and undertook the necessary training for safe delivery. Pharmacists described a ‘vaccine centric’ approach to travel services, with aspects, such as management of chronic conditions, fitness/preparedness for travel, prevention and self-management of travel-related conditions considered to be of lower priority. This was reflected in the travel medicine education that they had received and their perception of future requirements.

Conclusion
Whilst vaccination is a critical aspect of travel health medicine, taking a ‘vaccine centric’ approach represents a missed opportunity in public health. Future educational opportunities for pharmacists could include training that encourages a broader approach to travel health consultations, to include a co-created, structured, and holistic risk assessment for travellers and recommendations for appropriate prevention and management strategies for travellers prior to, during and after travel.
Ethyl acetate in e-liquids: Implications for breath testing
Authors: Holt Alaina K , Veeser Abby M , Poklis Justin L , Peace Michelle R 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Electronic cigarette liquids (e-liquids) can contain a variety of chemicals to impart flavors, smells and pharmacological effects. Surveillance studies have identified hundreds of chemicals used in e-liquids that have known health and safety implications. Ethyl acetate has been identified as a common constituent of e-liquids. Ethyl acetate is rapidly hydrolyzed to ethanol in vivo. Animal studies have demonstrated that inhaling &gt;2,000 mg/L ethyl acetate can lead to the accumulation of ethanol in the blood at concentrations &gt;1,000 mg/L, or 0.10%. A “Heisenberg” e-liquid was submitted to the Laboratory for Forensic Toxicology Research for analysis after a random workplace drug test resulted in a breath test result of 0.019% for a safety-sensitive position employee. Analysis of this sample resulted in the detection of 1,488 ± 6 mg/L ethyl acetate. The evaluation of purchased “Heisenberg” e-liquids determined that these products contain ethyl acetate. The identification of ethyl acetate in e-liquids demonstrates poor regulatory oversight and enforcement that potentially has consequences for breath ethanol testing and interpretations. The accumulation of ethanol in the breath from the ingestion/inhalation of ethyl acetate from an e-liquid used prior to a breath test may contribute to the detection of ethanol.
Diagnosis and Management of Orbital Compartment Syndrome in Burn Patients—A Systematic Review
Authors: Makarewicz Nathan , Perrault David , Cevallos Priscila , Sheckter Clifford C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Orbital compartment syndrome is a poorly understood complication of acute burns. The purpose of this systematic review is to summarize the literature describing orbital compartment syndrome in patients with burns to provide greater detail on risk factors and guide the management of this morbid condition. A systematic review of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed in June 2023 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Study quality was assessed using 2 validated scoring systems. After removing duplicates, 303 unique articles were reviewed and 8 met the inclusion criteria. All publications were retrospective. Most studies considered intraocular pressure &gt;30-40 mmHg as diagnostic for orbital compartment syndrome. In total, 60 unique cases of orbital compartment syndrome were reported. Orbital compartment syndrome occurred most frequently within 24 h postburn. The mean total body surface area of burn was 58.7%; the mean 24-h resuscitation volume was 6.01 cc/kg/%total burn surface area; and 86.5% of cases had periorbital burns. Surgical decompression always starts with lateral canthotomy. When pressures were not immediately reduced, cantholysis was performed. Study quality per median Newcastle–Ottawa Scores ranged from 38.9% to 94.4% (median 66.7%). A precise threshold for surgical decompression of orbital compartment syndrome remains conflicted; however, increased intraocular pressure &gt; 30-40 mmHg warrants intervention. Burn surgeons/intensivists should be aware of the risk factors for this vision-threatening complication and act appropriately.