bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Successfully Treated Case of Invasive Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia Involving the Subtotal Cornea in a Monocular Patient: Management in a Resource-Constrained Setting
Authors: Henok Samuel Hailemichael , Bernard Alec , Tabin Geoffrey , Shibeshi Menen Ayalew 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
We present a case of a 65-year-old monocular patient who was clinically diagnosed with ocular surface squamous neoplasia covering all but 2 clock hours of the limbus and almost the entire cornea. He underwent complete tumor excision followed by amniotic membrane transplantation. Postexcision, the patient had a clear cornea and stable ocular surface without inflammation or recurrence for 18 months of follow-up. The visual acuity improved to 6/18 from count fingers at face. The histopathology result uncovered squamous cell carcinoma of conjunctiva and cornea. The absence of recurrence can be attributed to complete excision and intraoperative mitomycin C.
Exercise Preconditioning Preserves Cardiac Function and Enhances Cardiac Recovery Following Dobutamine Stimulation in Doxorubicin-Treated Rat Hearts
Authors: Simon Lea Haverbeck , Garritson Jacob , Pullen Nicholas , Hayward Reid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Exercise preconditioning has been shown to protect against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiac dysfunction when hearts are maintained under resting conditions. However, it is unclear whether this exercise-induced protective effect is maintained when the heart is challenged with the β1-adrenergic receptor agonist dobutamine (DOB), which mimics acute exercise stress. Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned to sedentary (SED) or voluntary wheel running (WR) groups for 10 weeks. At week 11, rats were treated with either 15 mg/kg DOX or saline. Five days later, ex vivo cardiac function was assessed using an isolated working heart model at baseline, during the infusion of 7.5 μg·kg−1·min−1 DOB, and during recovery. DOB infusion significantly increased left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), maximal (dP/dtmax) and minimal (dP/dtmin) rate of left ventricular pressure development, and heart rate in all groups (P < 0.05). SED + DOX also showed a lower baseline and recovery LVDP than WR + DOX (83 ± 12 vs. 109 ± 6 mm Hg baseline, 76 ± 11 vs. 100 ± 10 mm Hg recovery, P < 0.05). WR + DOX showed higher dP/dtmax and lower dP/dtmin when compared with SED + DOX during DOB infusion (7311 ± 1481 vs. 5167 ± 1436 mm Hg/s and −4059 ± 1114 vs.−3158 ± 1176 mm Hg/s, respectively). SED + DOX dP/dtmax was significantly lower during baseline and during recovery when compared with all other groups (P < 0.05). These data suggest that exercise preconditioning preserved cardiac function after DOX exposure even when the heart is challenged with DOB, and it appeared to preserve the heart's ability to recover from this functional challenge.
Evaluation of Novel General Education Courses on Radiation Protection for Undergraduates
Authors: Liang Ting , Zhang Chao , Gao Feng , Hou Guihua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of a general education course titled “The Basis of Radiation Protection” in building and strengthening undergraduate awareness of radiation safety and cultivating innovative individuals with reasonable knowledge structures and strong practical abilities. Methods: All students from 2021 to 2022 enrolled in the core general education course “The Basis of Radiation Protection” at Shandong University of China were invited to participate. A questionnaire survey was conducted to determine changes in the students’ basic cognition of radiation safety and scientific protection before and after the course. Results: The survey indicated that the cognitive level of radiation science protection had significantly improved through course completion. The Liszt quantification score range increased from 3.45 to 4.77 to 4.81 to 4.98 (p < 0.001). Further analysis revealed that different professional backgrounds significantly affected students’ understanding of radiation safety protection; medical students were superior to electrical engineering students in their knowledge of ionizing radiation before the course (p < 0.001). However, after course completion, the understanding of students from both majors regarding radiation safety had relatively improved, and no significant difference was detected (p > 0.05). Feedback on the course showed that the awareness of “daily radiation protection” had significantly improved (96.8%), pseudoscience and pseudo-information could be correctively identified (93.6%), “nuclear power”-related fears had been dispelled (95.7%), and the concept of “cherishing life” had been effectively established (91.5%). Conclusion: The course effectively improved the awareness of radiation safety, strengthened the knowledge system, and provided a new way to cultivate innovative talent with reasonable knowledge structures.
Ocular toxicities associated with antibody drug conjugates
Authors: Marshall Rayna F. , Xu Hannah , Berkenstock Meghan 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of review
To review the structure, mechanism of action, and pathophysiology of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) used to treat gynecological malignancies associated with ocular adverse effects.

Recent findings
Recent research shows tisotumab vedotin causes ocular toxicity localized to the conjunctiva, with common adverse effects being conjunctivitis, dry eye, blepharitis, and keratitis. Toxicity is likely due to targeting tissue factor (TF) in the conjunctiva, leading to direct delivery of the cytotoxic payload resulting in apoptosis and bystander killing. Mirvetuximab soravtansine causes blurred vision, keratitis, or dry eye with toxicity often localized in the cornea. Off-target inflammation appears to cause ocular adverse effects, with nonreceptor mediated macropinocytosis by corneal stem cells.

Summary
Collaboration between oncologists and ophthalmologists with adherence to mitigation protocols can decrease the risk of ocular adverse events.
Clinimetric Properties of the Chinese Short Form of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life Questionnaire in Patients With Cancer
Authors: LIU Hong , WANG Hongai , DONG Mengyuan , WANG Juan , WANG Zhe , Su Na , SHAO Di , CUI Naixue , CAO Fenglin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Sarcopenia, prevalent in patients with cancer, negatively affects quality of life. However, generic tools are unable to capture the minor effects of sarcopenia on quality of life. The short-form version of the Sarcopenia Quality of Life (SF-SarQoL) questionnaire was developed as an efficient tool to assess the impact of sarcopenia on quality of life in older adults. However, its clinimetric properties in patients with cancer remain unknown.

Purpose
This study was designed to examine the clinimetric properties of the Chinese SF-SarQoL in patients with colorectal cancer, particularly with regard to its ability to detect changes in quality of life.

Methods
A longitudinal survey was conducted using the SF-SarQoL and other questionnaires on 408 patients with colorectal cancer planning to undergo surgery. Follow-up was subsequently conducted on 341 of these patients 1 month after surgery. The clinimetric properties of the SF-SarQoL were examined, including reliability (internal consistency), validity (construct validity, concurrent validity), sensitivity (ability to detect changes, discriminative ability), and floor and ceiling effects.

Results
The internal consistency of the SF-SarQoL was found to be acceptable (Cronbach's alpha = .94 and McDonald's omega = .94). Strong scalability of the total score and each item was confirmed using Mokken analysis. Concurrent validity analyses indicate the SF-SarQoL is significantly correlated with muscle-related and health-related questionnaire scores. The SF-SarQoL showed adequate sensitivity due to its good ability to detect changes in quality of life with a moderate effect size (Cohen's d = 0.56) and discriminate between sarcopenic and nonsarcopenic patients (area under the curve = 0.73, 95% CI [0.66, 0.79]) using receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. No floor or ceiling effects were observed.

Conclusions
The Chinese SF-SarQoL exhibits good clinimetric properties in preoperative patients with colorectal cancer and is sufficiently sensitive to capture changes in quality of life after surgery.
Effectiveness of Acupressure for Fatigue Alleviation in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: CHANG Kai-Mei , ROMADLON Debby Syahru , CHEN Pin-Yuan , HASAN Faizul , GUO Shu-Liu , CHIU Hsiao-Yean 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Fatigue, a major health concern among patients receiving hemodialysis, is associated with poor quality of life, negative emotions, and cognitive dysfunction. Acupressure is a low-cost and noninvasive traditional Chinese therapy that has been widely used in community and clinic settings. However, the beneficial effects of acupressure on various aspects of fatigue among these patients have not been systematically investigated.

Purpose
This study was designed to determine the effects of acupressure on fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis. The moderating influences of bio-sociodemographic characteristics and methodology on the association between acupressure and posthemodialysis fatigue were also examined.

Methods
Four electronic databases were searched for qualified articles published between database inception and November 2, 2022. Only randomized controlled trials designed to investigate the effects of acupressure on fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis were qualified for consideration. A random-effects model was used for data analysis.

Results
Eight randomized controlled trials with 11 effect sizes and 725 participants were included in this study. In these studies, acupressure was found to have a significantly higher alleviation effect on general fatigue (g = −0.78; 95% confidence interval [−1.09, −0.48]) and the behavioral, emotional, sensory, and cognitive domains of fatigue (g = −0.51, −0.51, −0.72, and −0.41, respectively) among patients receiving hemodialysis than those in the control groups. Furthermore, the stimulation of the Shenmen acupoint was found to increase the effects (p < .01) of acupressure on fatigue reduction significantly. Notably, the use of special equipment to perform the acupressure was not found to significantly improve outcomes (p = .99).

Conclusions/Implications for Practice
Acupressure is effective in alleviating fatigue in patients receiving hemodialysis, particularly when the Shenmen acupoint is used together with other acupoints, and is effective without the application of special equipment. Acupressure may be adopted as a complementary therapy for fatigue alleviation in patients receiving hemodialysis. Based on the findings, healthcare providers should coach patients receiving hemodialysis with fatigue on how to use acupressure therapy appropriately to alleviate this health concern.
Effects of Length of Employment and Head Nurse Leadership Style on the Clinical Competency of Staff Nurses in Taiwan
Authors: LIN Yu-Wen , NI Chung-Fan , HSU Shu-Fen , TSAY Shiow-Luan , TUNG Heng-Hsin 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
High-quality patient care requires nurses with strong clinical competency. Thus, it is essential to examine the factors associated with clinical competency.

Purpose
This study was designed to (a) investigate head nurse leadership, staff nurse demographics, and clinical competency; (b) examine the impact of demographics on the clinical competency of staff nurses; (c) analyze the correlation between head nurse leadership and staff nurse clinical competency; and (d) examine the effects of demographics on clinical competency after controlling for the head nurse leadership.

Methods
A cluster sampling method was used to collect data from 200 staff nurses at a national medical center in Taiwan. Questionnaires were used to gather information on head nurse leadership style and staff nurse clinical competency. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted, including Mann–Whitney U test, Kruskal–Wallis test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and multivariate analysis of covariance.

Results
The average score for transformational leadership style among the head nurses was 2.89, whereas transactional leadership style scored an average of 2.49. The average scores for the components of clinical competency, listed from highest to lowest, were as follows: patient care (3.35), professionalism (3.28), communication skills (3.18), management (2.84), and knowledge (2.73). In addition, statistically significant differences were found in clinical competency based on demographic factors, including age, marital status, educational level, job title, and length of employment. Also, a statistically significant, positive correlation between the head nurse transformational leadership style and nurse clinical competency was found. The main effect of length of employment on the five competency components was statistically significant after controlling for transformational leadership. Furthermore, post hoc analysis of covariance revealed a significant effect of length of employment on patient care, knowledge, communication skills, and management.

Conclusions
The findings of this study indicate transformational leadership and employment length impact the clinical competency of staff nurses, particularly in terms of patient care, communication skills, management, and knowledge. Providing education and training in leadership and management to current and prospective head nurses may be expected to enhance clinical competency in staff nurses and create a more nurturing work environment. Moreover, targeted training may help current head nurses gain insight into their leadership styles and acquire skills to promote transformational leadership. In addition, leadership development may help equip prospective head nurses with critical competencies before assuming leadership responsibilities.
INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL-DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS-DERIVED EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES ATTENUATE LPS-INDUCED LUNG INJURY AND ENDOTOXEMIA IN MICE
Authors: Meng Qinghe , Winston Tackla , Ma Julia , Song Yuanhui , Wang Chunyan , Yang Junhui , Ma Zhen , Cooney Robert N. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction: We hypothesized extracellular vesicles (EVs) from preconditioned human-induced pluripotent stem cell–derived mesenchymal stem cells (iMSCs) attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and endotoxemia. Methods: iMSCs were incubated with cell stimulation cocktail (CSC) and EVs were isolated. iMSC-EVs were characterized by size and EV markers. Biodistribution of intratracheal (IT), intravenous, and intraperitoneal injection of iMSC-EVs in mice was examined using IVIS. Uptake of iMSC-EVs in lung tissue, alveolar macrophages, and RAW264.7 cells was also assessed. C57BL/6 mice were treated with IT/IP iMSC-EVs or vehicle ± IT/IP LPS to induce ALI/acute respiratory distress syndrome and endotoxemia. Lung tissues, plasma, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were harvested at 24 h. Lung histology, BALF neutrophil/macrophage, cytokine levels, and total protein concentration were measured to assess ALI and inflammation. Survival studies were performed using IP LPS in mice for 3 days. Results: iMSC-EV route of administration resulted in differential tissue distribution. iMSC-EVs were taken up by alveolar macrophages in mouse lung and cultured RAW264.7 cells. IT LPS-treated mice demonstrated marked histologic ALI, increased BALF neutrophils/macrophages and protein, and increased BALF and plasma TNF-α/IL-6 levels. These parameters were attenuated by 2 h before or 2 h after treatment with IT iMSC-EVs in ALI mice. Interestingly, the IT LPS-induced increase in IL-10 was augmented by iMSC-EVs. Mice treated with IP LPS showed increases in TNF-α and IL-6 that were downregulated by iMSC-EVs and LPS-induced mortality was ameliorated by iMSC-EVs. Administration of IT iMSC-EVs 2 h after LPS downregulated the increase in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α/IL-6) by LPS and further increased IL-10 levels. Conclusions: iMSC-EVs attenuate the inflammatory effects of LPS on cytokine levels in ALI and IP LPS in mice. LPS-induced mortality was improved with administration of iMSC-EVs.
GENETIC PREDICTION OF CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN OSTEOPOROSIS AND SEPSIS: EVIDENCE FROM MENDELIAN RANDOMIZATION WITH TWO-SAMPLE DESIGNS
Authors: Liao Jing , Jiang Liangyan , Qin Yiliu , Hu Juntao , Tang Zhanhong 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Recent observational studies have suggested that osteoporosis may be a risk factor for sepsis. To mitigate confounding factors and establish the causal relationship between sepsis and osteoporosis, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis using publicly available summary statistics. Methods: Utilizing summary data from FinnGen Biobank, we employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to predict the causal relationship between osteoporosis and sepsis. The MR analysis primarily utilized the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode analyses, with Bayesian weighted MR (BWMR) analysis employed for result validation. Sensitivity analyses included MR-PRESSO, “leave-one-out” analysis, MR-Egger regression, and Cochran Q test. Results: In the European population, an increase of one standard deviation in osteoporosis was associated with an 11% increased risk of sepsis, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06–1.16; P = 3.75E−06). BWMR yielded an OR of 1.11 (95% CI, 1.06–1.67; P = 1.21E−05), suggesting osteoporosis as a risk factor for sepsis. Conversely, an increase of one standard deviation in sepsis was associated with a 26% increased risk of osteoporosis, with an OR of 1.26 (95% CI, 1.11–1.16; P = 0.45E−03). BWMR yielded an OR of 1.26 (95% CI, 1.09–1.45; P = 1.45E−03), supporting sepsis as a risk factor for osteoporosis. Conclusion: There is an association between osteoporosis and sepsis, with osteoporosis serving as a risk factor for the development of sepsis, while sepsis may also promote the progression of osteoporosis.
CCfrag: Scanning folding potential of coiled-coil fragments with AlphaFold
Authors: Martinez-Goikoetxea Mikel 
Published: May 2024

Structured abstractMotivationCoiled coils are a widespread structural motif consisting of multiple α-helices that wind around a central axis to bury their hydrophobic core. Although their backbone can be uniquely described by the Crick parametric equations, these have little practical application in structural prediction, given that most coiled coils in nature feature non-canonical repeats that locally distort their geometry. While AlphaFold has emerged as an effective coiled-coil modeling tool, capable of accurately predicting changes in periodicity and core geometry along coiled-coil stalks, it is not without limitations. These include the generation of spuriously bent models and the inability to effectively model globally non-canonical coiled coils. In an effort to overcome these limitations, we investigated whether dividing full-length sequences into fragments would result in better models.ResultsWe developed CCfrag to leverage AlphaFold for the piece-wise modeling of coiled coils. The user can create a specification, defined by window size, length of overlap, and oligomerization state, and the program produces the files necessary to run structural predictions with AlphaFold. Then, the structural models and their scores are integrated into a rich per-residue representation defined by sequence-or structure-based features, which can be visualized or employed for further analysis. Our results suggest that removing coiled-coil sequences from their native context can in some case improve the prediction confidence and avoids bent models with spurious contacts. In this paper, we present various use cases of CCfrag, and propose that fragment-based prediction is useful for understanding the properties of long, fibrous coiled coils, by showing local features not seen in full-length models.Availability and ImplementationThe program is implemented as a Python module. The code and its documentation are available athttps://github.com/Mikel-MG/CCfrag.Contactmikel.martinez@tuebingen.mpg.de
Emergent patterns of patchiness reflect decoupling between ocean physics and biology
Authors: Gray Patrick Clifton , Boss Emmanuel , Bourdin Guillaume ,   Mission Microbiomes AtlantECO,   Tara Pacific Consortium, Lehahn Yoav 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile a rich history of patchiness research has explored spatial structure in the ocean, there is still no consensus over the controls on biological patchiness and how biogeochemical processes and patchiness relate. The prevailing thought is that physics structures biology, but this has not been tested at the basin scale with consistentin situmeasurements. Here we show that the patchiness of physics and biology are decoupled at the global scale through analysis of a global dataset of in situ surface optical properties from the S/VTaraand using the slope of spatial scale vs variance to quantify patchiness. Based on analysis of ∼650,000 nearly continuous (dx∼150m) measurements from an underway sampling system - representing five years of consistently collected data across the Atlantic, Pacific, and Southern Oceans - we find the patchiness of physical and biological parameters are uncorrelated. We show that variance slope is an emergent property with unique patterns in biogeochemical properties that are distinct from physical tracers, yet connected to other biological tracers. These results provide context for decades of discrepancy betweenin situstudies, could support new tests of biogeochemical model parameterizations, and open the way for new insight into processes regulating the observed patterns.
In vivotracking ofex vivogenerated89Zr-oxine labeled plasma cells by PET in a non-human primate model
Authors: Young David J , Edwards Abigail J , Quiroz Caceda Kevin G , Liberzon Ella , Barrientos Johana , Hong Sogun , Turner Jacob , Choyke Peter L. , Arlauckas Sean , Lazorchak Adam S , Morgan Richard A , Sato Noriko , Dunbar Cynthia E 
Published: May 2024

AbstractB cells are an attractive platform for engineering to produce protein-based biologics absent in genetic disorders, and potentially for the treatment of metabolic diseases and cancer. As part of pre-clinical development of B cell medicines, we demonstrate a method to collect,ex vivoexpand, differentiate, radioactively label, and track adoptively transferred non-human primate (NHP) B cells. These cells underwent 10- to 15-fold expansion, initiated IgG class switching, and differentiated into antibody secreting cells. Zirconium-89-oxine labeled cells were infused into autologous donors without any preconditioning and tracked by PET/CT imaging. Within 24 hours of infusion, 20% of the initial dose homed to the bone marrow and spleen and distributed stably and equally between the two. Interestingly, approximately half of the dose homed to the liver. Image analysis of the bone marrow demonstrated inhomogeneous distribution of the cells. The subjects experienced no clinically significant side effects or laboratory abnormalities. A second infusion of B cells into one of the subjects resulted in an almost identical distribution of cells, suggesting a non-limiting engraftment niche and feasibility of repeated infusions. This work supports the NHP as a valuable model to assess the potential of B cell medicines as potential treatment for human diseases.