bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract A2: The efficacy of administrative and large-scale databases for measuring cancer health disparities among micro-minorities: The case of native Hawaiians and Pacific Islanders
Authors: Panapasa Sela V. , Williams David , McNally James 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
This study examines the effectiveness of administrative databases and national-level health surveys to increase our understanding of cancer health disparities among U.S. Pacific Islanders, a racially and ethnically diverse population that is medically underserved both in terms of screening and treatment. The study provides a systematic analysis of four data sources: 1) National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS), 2) Mortality Detail Files (MDF), 3) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and 4) National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). These studies are examined to determine their efficacy in the statistical representation of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs) in the United States. The paper presents a systematic and comparative evaluation of population coverage or sample attributes for each of the studies. The paper also evaluates the ability to obtain statistically robust measures of cancer incidence across select socioeconomic characteristics among the NHPIs in each study. The paper concludes with a summary of the strengths and limitations of these large-scale databases in advancing our understanding of cancer risks, prevalence, incidence, and mortality among NHPIs. Study findings will also examine the various ways that census data has been used in association with health data to provide detailed demographic, social, economic and geographic information on NHPIs. The strategic use of census data can allow us to in some ways overcome the lack of robust microdata on cancer patterns across NHPI subgroups and within geographic areas of specific concern for this population. The paper also discusses and evaluates some of the key barriers using administrative data and large-scale surveys to better understand cancer risks among NHPIs. Among these barriers, the lack of detailed information on NHPI subpopulations is particularly troublesome. While useful for establishing incidence, studies such as NHDS and MDFs continue to report only on Native Hawaiian, Samoan, and Guamanian/Chamorro subgroups and summarize the other NHPI populations in a residual other “Asian or Pacific Islander” category. In contrast, the SEER data base provides tremendous detail on NHPI subpopulations but does not attempt to estimate the annual population denominator estimates needed for the calculation of cancer rates. The paper concludes with a discussion of research methods and suggested approaches that may help overcome these kinds of data limitations and expand our understanding of cancer risks among this diverse and poorly understood population.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A2.
Abstract A50: Impacts of poverty threshold and health insurance on breast cancer screening in California
Authors: Kim Kyu 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: Breast cancer screening rates have been stabilized in California. Although the effect of health insurance on breast cancer screening is well-documented in United States, the effect in California is not clear. The purpose of this study was to assess the association between having health insurance and being screened for breast cancer by different poverty threshold after controlling for observed factors
Methods: Data from the 2007 California Health Interview Survey were used to examine the association of health insurance coverage on breast cancer screening among all women ages ≥40 years (N= 24,060) using logistic regression model. After adjusting for educational attainment, employment status, race, marital status, age, nativity, smoking and doctor visit, potential effects of health insurance on breast cancer screening were analyzed by different groups: all women, women with ≤199 FPL (Federal Poverty Line) and women with 200+ FPL. All analyses accounted for the California Health Interview Survey sampling design.
Results: Overall, participants who reported having health insurance coverage were twice as likely to report being screened for breast cancer compared with those who reported having none [OR, 2.11; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.73-2.57]. After adjusting for independent variables, self-reported insurance coverage had positive associations with report of being screened among women below federal poverty line (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.40-2.55) and among women above federal poverty line (OR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.78-3.24).
Conclusions: Women who reported having health insurance were more likely to report having breast screening than those who reported not having insurance coverage. This effect was higher for women at a higher income level. These findings, if confirmed in other study populations, indicate that improving breast cancer screening coverage may require not only insurance coverage but also income level for poverty.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A50.
Abstract A56: Mitochondrial DNA damage as a biomarker of colorectal cancer susceptibility
Authors: Torres-Ramos Carlos A. , Ayala-Torres Sylvette , Fonseca-Williams Sharon , El-Zein Randa 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
The elucidation of the genetic defects in cancer prone diseases such as Xeroderma pigmentosum and hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer have established that diminished nuclear DNA (nDNA) repair capacity leads to cancer. In addition to nDNA, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) preferentially harbors lesions induced by endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) or by xenobiotic agents. If these lesions are left unrepaired, they may lead to mutagenesis, which may be deleterious to mitochondrial function. Mutations in mtDNA have been described in most cancers including colorectal cancer. The functional significance of these mutations is not totally understood but mutations in some mitochondrial genes are associated with increased aerobic glycolysis and growth promotion in cancer cells. In addition, dysfunctional mitochondria are more prone to produce ROS that in turn can inflict further damage to both mitochondrial macromolecules and nDNA. ROS induce a variety of DNA lesions that include base modifications, abasic sites, and strand breaks. These lesions are mainly repaired by base excision repair (BER). BER is active in mitochondria and is considered the main mechanism by which mtDNA damage is repaired. We hypothesize that decreased mtDNA repair capacity is a risk factor for the development of cancer, particularly cancers in which inflammation and oxidative stress are critical components in tumor development and progression, such as colorectal cancer. Thus, increased levels of mtDNA damage could reflect decreased mtDNA repair capacity. The purpose of this work is to determine if mtDNA damage levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) can be used as a biomarker of cancer susceptibility of colorectal cancer. For this purpose we applied a gene-specific PCR-based technique (QPCR) that can detect with high sensitivity a variety of DNA lesions such as base modifications, abasic sites, and strand breaks, among others. The results of our preliminary experiments indicate that mtDNA from colorectal cancer patients harbor more lesions than mtDNA from healthy control subjects. These results suggest that mtDNA damage may be used as biomarker for colorectal cancer susceptibility. Experiments are in progress to increase the sample size and the statistical power of this study. Sponsored by 5U54CA096297-07.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A56.
Abstract A6: Clinical trial awareness among racial/ethnic minorities in HINTS 2007: Sociodemographic, attitudinal, and knowledge correlates
Authors: Langford Aisha T. , Resnicow Ken , An Lawrence 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was (1) to examine the association of race/ethnicity on clinical trial awareness, controlling for several socio-demographic, attitudinal, and knowledge variables, and (2) to inform future communication campaigns to increase clinical trial awareness and participation.
Methods: Secondary analysis was conducted among 6754 Hispanic, black, and white adult respondents to the National Cancer Institute's 2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS). The dependent variable was awareness of clinical trials. Logistic regression was used to examine possible correlates of clinical trial awareness including sociodemographics, trust of sources of health information, beliefs about safety of health information, family/personal history of cancer, health seeking information, and awareness of three health agencies.
Results: Compared to whites, blacks and Hispanics were significantly less likely to have heard of a clinical trial. Other significant correlates of clinical trial awareness included education, income, belief that health information is safely guarded, family history of cancer, awareness of the CDC, trust of health information from the Internet and charitable organizations, and distrust of health information from religious institutions.
Conclusion: Blacks and Hispanics are significantly less aware of clinical trials. Campaigns that exploit unique beliefs and delivery channels for racial/ethnic subgroups should be considered.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A6.
Abstract A63: Effectiveness of a holistic mind-body intervention to treat fatigue in breast cancer survivors: Does race make a difference?
Authors: Appling Susan E. , MacDonald Ryan , Scarvalone Susan , Gallicchio Lisa , Helzlsouer Kathy 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Introduction: Persistent fatigue affects up to 40% of breast cancer survivors and has multiple contributing factors including pain, sleep disturbance, depression, anxiety, decreased physical activity, weight gain, and treatment-induced menopausal symptoms. A holistic mind-body medicine intervention was developed by the Mercy Medical Center Prevention and Research Center team to address fatigue and its many contributing factors among breast cancer survivors. Overall, the intervention was shown to effectively decrease levels of self-reported fatigue among breast cancer survivors. The purpose of this analysis was to examine whether the effectiveness of the group-based mind-body medicine program differed by race, as little research has assessed the role of race in fatigue improvement among breast cancer survivors.
Design: Quasi-experimental design using a before/after evaluation to assess change in fatigue scores. Population: 206 breast cancer survivors (154 Caucasians; 52 African-Americans) with a chief complaint of fatigue. Outcome Measures: Change in severity of fatigue as measured by a 10 cm visual analog scale (0=no fatigue; 10=most fatigue). Fatigue was measured at baseline, end-of-program, two and six months post-program completion.
Results: African-Americans reported higher levels of fatigue than Caucasians at baseline and at the three follow-up time points; however, these differences were not statistically significant. African-Americans’ mean score from the visual analog scale showed improvement from 6.3 (SD 1.8) at baseline to 4.4 (SD 2.5) at end-of-program (p&lt;0.001). Results were similar for Caucasians who scored 5.5 (SD 2.2) at baseline compared to 3.6 (2.2) after the intervention (p&lt;0.001). Fatigue improvement was maintained for both groups at two and six month follow up evaluations.
Conclusion: A group-based holistic mind-body medicine intervention effectively improved fatigue across both African-American and Caucasian breast cancer survivors.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A63.
Abstract A64: Review on the application of laser thermal therapy for palliation of recurrent head and neck cancer
Authors: Paiva Marcos B. , Bublik Michael , Abrahao Marcio , Sercarz Joel 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: The number of new cases of head and neck cancers in the United States was 40,490 in 2006, accounting for about 3% of adult malignancies. 11,170 patients died of their disease in 2006. The worldwide incidence exceeds half a million cases annually. In North America and Europe, the tumors usually arise from the oral cavity, oropharynx, or larynx, whereas nasopharyngeal cancer is more common in the Mediterranean countries and in the Far East. In the United States, African Americans are disproportionately affected by head and neck cancer, with younger ages of incidence, increased mortality, and more advanced disease at presentation.
Objective: To review the outcomes of a phase II study using laser-induced thermal therapy (LITT) as a palliative treatment for 106 patients with recurrent head and neck tumors.
Study Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary hospital in the United States. Subjects And Methods: The primary endpoints were tumor response and survival. Prognostic values were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results: The best results were seen in oral cavity tumors, in which mean survival was 29.1 months, as compared to neck tumors (mean 14.4 +/-6.9 months; range 7.5-20.7 months; with a 95% confidence interval). Further analysis showed that clinical factors such as gender, smoking, and alcohol use were not indicators of poor prognosis, whereas neck disease and tumor stage at first treatment were relevant factors.
Conclusion: In this study, 40 out of 106 patients treated by LITT remained alive at the end of our follow-up, and a complete response was seen in 24 (22.6%) patients. The highest response rate was seen in oral cavity tumors, which suggests that tumor location at this site may be a predictor of favorable outcome with LITT
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A64.
Abstract A72: A qualitative examination of the quality of life of African American prostate cancer survivors and their spouses
Authors: Rivers Brian , August Euna , Gwede Clement K. , Pow-Sang Julio , Green Bernard Lee , Quinn Gwendolyn P. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Few research studies have comprehensively examined the psychosocial issues experienced by African American prostate cancer survivors and their spouses, in spite of the disproportionate impact of this disease. The primary goal of this exploratory study was to identify the most salient psychosocial related dimensions of quality of life, as self-reported by African American prostate cancer survivors and their spouses.
Twelve African American couples were recruited to participate in an individual interview from a National Cancer Institute Comprehensive Cancer Center cancer registry and a state-based non-profit organization. The interview guide was structured according to Betty Ferrell's Quality of Life Conceptual Model. The interview transcripts were analyzed using a combination of hand coding and Atlas.ti software. Content analysis was conducted using an immersion/crystallizing analysis plan.
Common themes regarding the psychosocial needs of African American couples based on the behavioral, social, psychological, and spiritual domains emerged. Divergent perspectives were identified between the male prostate cancer survivors and their female spouses. A focus on cancer survivorship and quality of life is a growing priority. This study of African American couples surviving prostate cancer highlights the need for more in-depth investigations of psychosocial issues. Furthermore, different perspectives between African American patients and their spouses were identified, highlighting the need for couple-centered interventions.
The findings of this study will assist in the development and testing of culturally appropriate community education resources and interventions to minimize the impact of the burden of prostate cancer treatment among African Americans.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A72.
Abstract A74: Lifestyle patterns and the risk for prostate cancer among African American men: The multiethnic cohort
Authors: Paxton Raheem , Wilkens Lynne , Monroe Kris , Henderson Brian , Chang Shine , Kolonel Laurence 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: Evidence linking lifestyle factors and risk for prostate cancer is neither clear or consistent and novel analytic techniques may help clarify the complex associations between lifestyle characteristics and risk for prostate cancer.
Methods: This prospective study utilized data from 12216 (Median age = 63 years) African American men from the Multiethnic Cohort, a large cohort study over-sampled for ethnic minorities in Hawaii and Los Angeles that began in 1993. Adjusted latent class analysis was used to create homogenous groups of African Americans based on 21 indicators including dietary intake and other lifestyle behaviors such as physical activity, body mass index, and sedentary behavior.
Results: Four lifestyle patterns were identified that differed by demographic and lifestyle characteristics indicating that the clustering algorithm converged properly. Adjusted Cox regression analyses stratified by smoking status indicated that among former smokers in a cluster characterized by lower caloric intake, less sedentary behavior, more physical activity, less fat intake and lower likelihood of being obese had lower risk for localized (HR= 0.8,95% CI =0.6-1.0) and advanced stage disease (HR = 0.3,95% CI = 0.1-0.8).
Conclusion: Studies should take into account the complexity of individual lifestyles and consider the co-occurrence of diet, physical activity, obesity when examining the relationship between lifestyle characteristics and risk for prostate cancer. Former smokers may have different cancer risk due to past exposures and different lifestyle behaviors.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A74.
Abstract A83: The Women's Circle of Health Study: Studying breast cancer disparities through collaborative efforts
Authors: Bandera Elisa V. , Ciupak Gregory , Hwang Helena , Zirpoli Gary , Jandorf Lina , Pawlish Karen , Demissie Kitaw , Bovbjerg Dana , Ambrosone Christine 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Breast cancer in African American (AA) women tends to develop at an earlier age than in European American (EA) women and is more likely to have aggressive features characterized by high-grade, ER negative tumors and basal-like markers, which are associated with poorer prognosis. To address these issues, we are currently conducting a case-control study, the Women's Circle of Health Study, with two recruiting sites, one in NYC and another in NJ. AA and EA women newly diagnosed with invasive breast cancer or carcinoma in situ are identified through all major hospitals with large referral patterns for AA in Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn, and Queens (for the NYC site) and at all major hospitals in seven counties in northern NJ through rapid case ascertainment by NJ State Cancer Registry staff (for the NJ site). Controls residing in the same areas are identified by random digit dialing and, in NJ, also through community recruiting. Data collection, through an in-person interview includes completion of several behavioral questionnaires, including a food frequency questionnaire, collection of biospecimens (blood, saliva, and tissue), and body measurements, including body composition. Medical records acquisition and abstraction (for the NJ site) are based at UMDNJ-School of Public Health, where an ancillary study will evaluate determinants of disparities in treatment.
As of June 2010, a total of 1,618 cases (759 AA and 859 EA) and 1,674 controls (790 AA and 884 EA) have completed the study in the two recruiting sites. Preliminary analyses revealed some important differences between AA and EA cases, with AA women being more likely to be obese (52.4% vs. 26.8%), not to ever have had a screening mammogram after age 40 yrs. (15.3% vs. 6.6%), and not to have health insurance (14.2% vs. 3.8%). The method of first detection of their breast cancer also differed by race. Among cases over 40, AA women were more likely to first find it accidentally or by routine self-exam than EA women (44% vs. 27.7%), whereas detection by mammogram or physical exam was less common among AA women (48.8% vs. 62.1 %). Consistent with other studies, AA cases were more likely to have high-grade tumors (52.2% vs. 34.7%) with ER negative (32.6% vs. 30.9%) and PR negative (46.2% vs. 30.3%) status. Recruitment in NY was closed in December 2008 with planned enrollment in NJ through November 2010. By then, we will have a rich data biorepository that will allow us to address novel hypotheses aimed at reducing disparities in breast cancer etiology and treatment.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A83.
Abstract A97: Loss of function for FOXO1A contributes to poor outcome in African American and Latina women with breast cancer
Authors: Wu Yanyuan , Sarkissyan Marianna , Elshimali Yayha , Mohamed Hezla , Clayton Sheila , Slamon Dennis , Koeffler Phillip H. , Vadgama Jaydutt V. 
Published: December 2010

Abstract
Background: FKHR transcription factor FOXO1A plays a pivotal role in the regulation of cell differentiation and apoptosis. Deregulation of FOXO1A contributes to resistance to different chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer patients. In vitro studies from our laboratory (Cancer Research 2010) demonstrated that overexpressing FOXO1A in HER2 overexpressing breast cancer cells improved sensitivity of trastuzumab. The purpose of this study is to determine the prognostic relevance of FOXO1A in African American and Latina women with breast cancer.
Methods: The Association of FOXO1A expression with clinicopathological features of breast cancer and disease outcome was conducted in a cohort of 131 patients. The patients were retrospectively selected from our data base. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression with multivariate analysis were used for accessing the disease-free survival. The FOXO1A expression and localization in malignant breast tissues, fibroadenoma and normal breast tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry analysis.
Results: The FOXO1A protein was observed in both nuclear and cell membranes of normal breast tissue; in cell membranes of fibroadenoma, and in cytoplasm of malignant breast tissue.
FOXO1A was significantly reduced in poorly differentiated tumors compared to well and moderately differentiated tumors. FOXO1A expression was inversely correlated between lymph node metastasis and HER2 status. FOXO1A is not associated with tumor size, stage and ER/PR status in our current cohort of patients. Interestingly, the loss of FOXO1A in breast cancer tissue was significantly associated with increased tissue pAkt and loss of PTEN. The relative risk (RR) for decrease in disease-free survival (DFS) was 2.0 in pAkt-/FOXO1 A-group compared to pAkt-/FOXO1A+ group. The RR for decrease in DFS increased to 4.2 in pAkt+/FOXO1A+ and further increased to 5.8 in pAkt+/FOXO1A-group. Compared to HER2+/FOXO1A+ tumors, a more than 30% further reduction in 5-year DFS was seen in patients with HER2+/FOXO1A-tumors. However, the Cox regression with multivariate analysis demonstrated that FOXO1A was not an independent contributor for the reduction of DFS. We did not find any association among ethnicity, age and the FOXO1A expression in this cohort of patients.
Conclusion: Analysis of FOXO1A expression in clinical cancer tissues may provide important prognosis for DFS and OS. It also suggests that FOXO1A could be an important therapeutic target regulated by the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Citation Information: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2010;19(10 Suppl):A97.