bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc Germanates Incorporating Organic Amine Ligands: Solvothermal Synthesis and Structural Characterization of Zn2Ge4O10 (NH2CH2CH2CH2NH2) and ZnGe2O5 (NH2CH2CH2NH2).
Authors: Wang Chih‐Min , Lin Chia‐Hui , Yang Ciao‐Wei , Lii Kwang‐Hwa 
Published: August 2010

AbstractColorless block crystals of compounds (III) are solvothermally prepared and their structures are determined by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Four New Dysprosium and Neodymium Octamolybdate Hydrates: Assembly of RE2(Mo8O27) Sheets and Topotactic Transformations.
Authors: Kuang Xiaojun , Evans Ivana R. 
Published: August 2010

Abstract(III) and (IV) crystallize in the space group P21 with Z = 2, and (VI) and (VII) in the space group P$\bar 1$ with Z = 1 (powder XRD).
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthetic Strategy to Construct Three‐Dimensional 4f—5d Networks Using Neutral Two‐Dimensional Layers as Building Blocks.
Authors: Zhou Hu , Yuan Ai‐Hua , Qian Su‐Yan , Song You , Diao Guo‐Wang 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTb(H2O)4 (C4H4N2)0.5W(CN)8 is synthesized from mixtures of Tb(NO3)3 and (HNBu3)3[W(CN)8] and an excess of pyrazine (MeCN, 40 °C, 24 h, 56% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction‐Tolerant Oxygen‐Permeable Perovskite‐Type Oxide Sr0.7Ba0.3Fe0.9Mo0.1 O3‐δ.
Authors: Dong Xueliang , Jin Wanqin , Xu Nanping 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe title compound, a new mixed ionic‐electronic conducting material, is synthesized by a combined EDTA—citrate complexing sol—gel process from Sr, Ba, and Fe nitrates, and MoO3 (calcination in air at 950 °C for 5—10 h, sintering at 1200 °C for 5—10 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Polycyclic Fused Heterocycles Based on 4,6‐Dinitro‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐indazole.
Authors: Bastrakov M. A. , Starosotnikov A. M. , Kachala V. V. , Glukhov I. V. , Shevelev S. A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTricyclic heteroaromatic systems of the triazole, imidazole, thiadiazole, pyrazine and furoxan series are synthesized using 4‐R‐6‐nitroindazoles (R: ‐NO2; ‐SO2‐Ph) as convenient synthons.
ChemInform Abstract: A Highly Reactive Dicationic Iridium(III) Catalyst for the Polarized Nazarov Cyclization Reaction.
Authors: Vaidya Tulaza , Atesin Abdurrahman C. , Herrick Ildiko R. , Frontier Alison J. , Eisenberg Richard 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA new catalyst system consisting of an iridium complex and AgSbF6 exhibits high catalytic activity in Nazarov cyclization reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Preparation of Allenyl Tosylates and α‐Tosyloxy Ketones by Facile and Efficient Isomerization of CF3‐Containing Propargylic Tosylates.
Authors: Watanabe Yohsuke , Yamazaki Takashi 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDepending on the reaction conditions, propargylic tosylates (I) are converted into allenyl tosylates (II) or ketones (III) and (IV), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Phenols by Copper‐Catalyzed Oxidative Hydroxylation of Arylboronic Acids at Room Temperature in Water.
Authors: Xu Jimin , Wang Xinyan , Shao Changwei , Su Deyong , Cheng Guolin , Hu Yuefei 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe method is compatible with various functionalities and affords the desired phenols in good to excellent yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of o‐(Diphenylphosphinoyloxy)anilines by the Rhodium‐Catalyzed Reaction of Nitroarenes and Diphenylphosphine Oxide.
Authors: Arisawa Mieko , Kuwajima Manabu , Yamaguchi Masahiko 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe title reaction gives predominantly o‐substituted anilines via rearrangement and opens the access to ortho‐aminophenols.
ChemInform Abstract: A 4‐Hydroxypyrrolidine‐Catalyzed Mannich Reaction of Aldehydes: Control of anti‐Selectivity by Hydrogen Bonding Assisted by Broensted Acids.
Authors: Gomez‐Bengoa Enrique , Maestro Miguel , Mielgo Antonia , Otazo Itziar , Palomo Claudio , Velilla Irene 
Published: August 2010

AbstractHighly enantioselective anti‐Mannich reaction of aldehydes with N‐sulfonyl imines is achieved by using a 4‐hydroxypyrrolidine‐based bifunctional catalyst in combination with an external Broensted acid.
ChemInform Abstract: Tandem Oxidation/Rearrangement of β‐Ketoesters to Tartronic Esters with Molecular Oxygen Catalyzed by Calcium Iodide under Visible Light Irradiation with Fluorescent Lamp.
Authors: Kanai Naohiko , Nakayama Hiroki , Tada Norihiro , Itoh Akichika 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe reaction tolerates aliphatic, aromatic and heteroaromatic ketoesters and can be easily scaled up.
ChemInform Abstract: Continuous Flow Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Oxidative Heck Reactions with Arylboronic Acids.
Authors: Odell Luke R. , Lindh Jonas , Gustafsson Tomas , Larhed Mats 
Published: August 2010

AbstractElectron‐rich and electron‐poor olefins are applied in the reaction with the wide range of arylboronic acids.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Substituted Isoindolin‐1‐ones via Lithiation and Substitution of N′‐Benzyl‐N,N‐dimethylureas.
Authors: Smith Keith , El‐Hiti Gamal A. , Hegazy Amany S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLithiation of ureas (I) and (VI) followed by quenching with various electrophiles, such as aldehydes (II), ketones (IV) and alkyl halides (VII) affords the corresponding 3‐substituted isoindolin‐1‐ones (III), (V), and (VIII), respectively, in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Ag‐Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Synthesis of β‐Substituted Tryptophans from Sulfonylindoles.
Authors: Zheng Bao‐Hui , Ding Chang‐Hua , Hou Xue‐Long , Dai Li‐Xin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe reaction proceeds with high anti‐selectivity affording a wide range of the enantioenriched adducts.
ChemInform Abstract: A Facile Synthesis of Carvedilol, β‐Adrenergic Blocking Agent, via a Key 5‐Substituted‐2‐oxazolidinone Intermediate.
Authors: Madhusudhan G. , Kumar B. Anand , Chintamani U. S. , Rao M. Narasimha , Udaykiran D. , Suresh T. , Kumar V. Kiran , Mukkanti K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA novel access to the 5‐substituted oxazolidinone (IV), key intermediate in carvedilol (V) synthesis, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: A Solvent‐Free Synthesis of 1,2,4,5‐Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles Using Molecular Iodine as Catalyst.
Authors: Ren Yi‐Ming , Cai Chun 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSignificant features of this iodine‐catalyzed three component condensation are operational simplicity, inexpensive reagents, high yields of products and the use of non‐toxic reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,3‐Dialkyl‐5‐hydroxy‐2‐thioxoimidazolidin‐4‐ones (III)
Authors: Kuhn Norbert , Maichle‐Moessmer Caecilia , Steimann Manfred , Walker Isabel , Zeller Klaus‐Peter 
Published: August 2010

Abstractsynthesis, crystal structure and behavior in silylation reactions
ChemInform Abstract: Simple and Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Highly Substituted Imidazoles Using Zeolite‐Supported Reagents.
Authors: Sivakumar K. , Kathirvel A. , Lalitha A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe simple procedure allows a one‐pot cyclocondensation of benzil (I) with aromatic aldehydes and anilines or ammonium acetate to give tetra‐ or trisubstituted imidazoles.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparative Synthesis of 4,6‐Dinitroanthranil.
Authors: Mezhnev V. V. , Dutov M. D. , Shevelev S. A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractStarting from TNT, a novel access to 4,6‐dinitrobenzo[c]isoxazole (III) is developed and compared with other synthetic strategies.
ChemInform Abstract: A Novel Synthesis of Oxabicyclo[3.3.1]nonanone via (3,5)‐Oxonium—Ene Reaction.
Authors: Saha Pipas , Reddy U. C. , Bondalapati S. , Saikia Anil K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractHigher yields are obtained when aliphatic aldehydes are used compared with the aromatic ones [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: 1,4‐Diaza‐bicyclo[2,2,2]octane as a Novel and Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of 3,4,6‐Trisubstituted 2‐Pyridone Derivatives.
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Tahershamsi Leili , Oskooie Hossein A. , Baghernejad Bita 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDABCO is shown to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of pyridone derivatives of type (III) or (V) from 1,3‐diketones and amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 6‐Arylpyrrolo[3,2‐d]pyrimidines from 6‐Arylethynyl‐5‐nitropyrimidines.
Authors: Cikotiene Inga , Pudziuvelyte Erika , Brukstus Algirdas 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe synthesis of the biologically important heterocyclic system involves conjugative addition of diethylamine to ethynylpyrimidines (I) and subsequent reductive cyclization.
ChemInform Abstract: H3PW12O40: An Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Selective Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐1,3‐oxazines and 2‐Aryl‐1,4,5,6‐tetrahydropyrimidines.
Authors: Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah , Eskandari Zohre 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA novel and highly efficient method for the synthesis of the title oxazine (III) and pyrimidine derivatives (V) under thermal and irradiation microwave conditions is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Excavatoids G—K, New 8,17‐Epoxybriaranes from the Cultured Octocoral Briareum excavatum (Briareidae).
Authors: Sung Ping‐Jyun , Chen Bo‐Yuan , Chiang Michael Y. , Hou Chi‐Hung , Su Yin‐Di , Hwang Tsong‐Long , Chen Yung‐Husan , Chen Jih‐Jung 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe isolation, structures, and cytotoxicities of 5 new diterpenoids (I)—(V) are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Cyclization of β‐D‐Arabinofuranose 1,2‐(Methyl)orthobenzoate Using Magnesium Bromide.
Authors: Podvalnyy N. M. , Zinin A. I. , Abronina P. I. , Torgov V. I. , Kononov L. O. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAn alternative and particularly reproducible procedure for the synthesis of β‐D‐arabinofuranose 1,2,5‐orthobenzoate (II), used as versatile precursor of monosaccharide blocks in oligosaccharide syntheses, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Finding Nature′s Missing Ternary Oxide Compounds Using Machine Learning and Density Functional Theory.
Authors: Hautier Geoffroy , Fischer Christopher C. , Jain Anubhav , Mueller Tim , Ceder Gerbrand 
Published: August 2010

AbstractSeveral hundred new ternary oxides are predicted using a machine learning approach to extract the chemical rules that govern structure selection from an experimental database of crystal structure information followed by testing likely compound forming compositions and candidate structures by ab initio DFT calculations.
Impacts of roasting oily seeds and nuts on their extracted oils
Authors: Durmaz Gökhan , Gökmen Vural 
Published: August 2010

AbstractDuring industrial processing of seeds and nuts to produce edible oils, roasting is often applied before oil extraction. Moreover, seeds and nuts are generally consumed as snack food after appropriate roasting. These processes affect both the seeds and their extracted oils in many ways. Beside changes in macronutrients such as protein denaturation/degradation, oil oxidation, sugar pyrolysis and Maillard reactions, minor constituents such as fatty acids, sterols, phenolic compounds and tocols are also affected by roasting. On the other hand, studies have shown that antioxidant capacity of the roasted seeds and oxidative stability of the extracted oil could be greater than that of the unroasted counterpart. These improvements are attributed to the formation of Maillard reaction products, inactivation of oil degrading enzymes and facilitation of phytochemical extraction as a result of roasting.
Modelling the Forming Limit during Cross‐Rolling of Seamless Pipes Using a Modified Continuum Damage Mechanics Approach
Authors: Pschera R. , Klarner J. , Sommitsch C. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFor the production of seamless pipes it is necessary to pierce a round solid billet in the first forming operation. In the subsequent processing steps the hollow is elongated at the push bench and annealed. The seamless pipe gets its final dimension in the stretch reducing mill. For a realistic description of material failure during hot forming using Forge®2008, the validation of the finite element model was the first step in this study. Since the used damage variable is of dimensionless type, special focus was laid on the correct calculation of the deformation path during piercing. It could be shown that a correct calculation of the geometry and the resulting forces is possible using the developed model. After a summary of previous studies this work focuses on the piercing operation in order to picture a real piercing process using damage mechanics. A modified continuum damage mechanics approach is presented, which enables the reduction of the damage parameter at negative stress triaxialities. This is obvious since a decrease of pores and cavities at hot forming conditions and negative triaxialities, e.g. cogging, is generally observed.
Ockhamism vs Molinism, round 2: a reply to Warfield
Authors: BYERLY T. RYAN 
Published: August 2010

AbstractTed Warfield has argued that if Ockhamism and Molinism offer different responses to the problems of foreknowledge and prophecy, it is the Molinist who is in trouble. I show here that this is not so – indeed, things may be quite the reverse.
Rowan Williams’s Political Theology: Multiculturalism and Interactive Pluralism
Authors: Chapman Mark D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis essay discusses the political thought of Rowan Williams in the context of his leading influences and wider theology. It shows the continuity in his political writing from his early days as a radical to his frequent political speeches and lectures as Archbishop of Canterbury. The over-riding theme is that of ‘interactive pluralism’, which seeks to establish a form of politics with a very weak system of sovereignty. This influenced his 2008 lecture on ‘Civil and Religious Law in England: a Religious Perspective’, which suggested a limited role for parallel religious law codes alongside those of the state. Although this lecture was subject to much criticism, particularly in the popular press, it nevertheless displays a consistency with his strongly disestablishmentarian inclinations, which give a large amount of space to ‘first-level’ institutions in both decision-making and community formation. A healthy society is established through dispute and dialogue between such groups rather than strong centralized power.
Understanding Expressive Speech Acts: The Role of Prosody and Situational Context in French-Speaking 5- to 9-Year-Olds
Authors: Aguert Marc , Laval Virginie , Le Bigot Ludovic , Bernicot Josie 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
This study was aimed at determining the role of prosody and situational context in children’s understanding of expressive utterances. Which one of these 2 cues will help children grasp the speaker’s intention? Do children exhibit a “contextual bias” whereby they ignore prosody, such as the “lexical bias” found in other studies (M. Friend & J. Bryant, 2000)?

Method
In the first experiment, a group of 5- to 9-year-old children and a group of adults performed a computerized judgment task. They had to determine the speaker’s intention on the basis of an utterance produced with a particular prosody (positive or negative) in a particular situational context (positive or negative). In the second experiment, the same prosodic utterances were presented to 5- to 9-year-old children without a situational context.

Results
The 5- and 7-year-old children relied primarily on situational context, in contrast to adults, who relied on prosody. The 9-year-olds relied on both cues (Experiment 1). When prosody was the sole cue (Experiment 2), all children relied on this cue to infer the speaker’s intention.

Conclusions
The results are discussed and integrated into a larger conceptual framework that includes research on lexical bias and sarcasm.
Predicting Expressive Vocabulary Acquisition in Children With Intellectual Disabilities: A 2-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Vandereet Joke , Maes Bea , Lembrechts Dirk , Zink Inge 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
This study’s objectives were to describe expressive vocabulary acquisition in children with intellectual disabilities (ID) and to examine specific pre- and early linguistic behaviors used to request and comment, chronological age, cognitive skills, and vocabulary comprehension as predictors of expressive vocabulary.

Method
This study included 36 children with ID, age 3;00 (years;months) to 6;05, with an average initial expressive vocabulary of 67 words. Expressive vocabulary acquisition was longitudinally followed over a 2-year period based on 4-monthly administrations of the Dutch version of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory/Words and Gestures (I. Zink & M. Lejaegere, 2002). Specific pre- and early linguistic behaviors used to request and comment as well as cognitive skills and vocabulary comprehension were measured at baseline.

Results
Individual growth modeling indicated that vocabulary comprehension was the only unique predictor of initial expressive vocabulary. Subsequent vocabulary growth was uniquely predicted by proportion of bimodal gesture + vocalization comments, chronological age, and cognitive skills.

Conclusions
The results of this study underscore the great heterogeneity in expressive vocabulary skills in children with ID. The importance of prelinguistic communication, chronological age, cognitive skills, and vocabulary comprehension for explaining differences in expressive vocabulary skills is discussed.
Augmented Language Intervention and the Emergence of Symbol-Infused Joint Engagement
Authors: Adamson Lauren B. , Romski MaryAnn , Bakeman Roger , Sevcik Rose A. 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
This study sought to determine whether the effects of 3 parent-coached language interventions—2 focused on augmented communication using a speech-generating device and 1 focused only on speech—for toddlers with developmental delays and fewer than 10 words (M. A. Romski et al., 2010) generalized to children’s joint engagement during interactions with parents that took place outside the intervention context.

Method
Fifty-seven toddlers who participated in one of three parent-coached language interventions were observed both pre- and post-intervention interacting with their parents using a Communication Play Protocol that produced samples of communication related to social interacting, requesting, and commenting. Their engagement states were reliably coded from the videorecords of these interactions.

Results
Symbol-infused joint engagement of children in all 3 intervention groups increased significantly from pre- to post-intervention. The amount of symbol-infused joint engagement observed post-intervention was significantly associated with whether or not the child produced spoken words and, for children in the 2 augmented conditions, the number of augmented words used during the last intervention session.

Conclusions
The effects of parent-coached augmented language interventions generalize to children’s engagement in child–parent interactions outside the intervention context in ways that may facilitate additional language acquisition.
Statistics on Savings and Investment in Russia
Authors: Stroutchenevski Anton 
Published: August 2010

This article presents basic concepts of flow of funds analysis, with application to the Russian economy. Flow of funds analysis can be used to examine private and public savings in an economy, investment decisions of economic agents, development of the financial system and its stability, and prospects for economic growth. Flow of funds accounts are a component of the System of National Accounts (SNA). They integrate capital and financial accounts of the SNA in a single framework of sources and uses of financial flows. Flow of funds accounts provide information about savings of individual sectors and their investment decisions. Monetary authorities, the IMF and World Bank, and business analysts use flow of funds accounts as a tool of analysis. For example, the Federal Reserve System of the US and the German Bundesbank regularly estimate and publish flow of funds accounts for their economies. This method also lies at the heart of financial programming ‐ the approach used by the IMF and the World Bank in their macroeconomic analysis.Russian financial statistics have improved much over recent years. The Central Bank of Russia, Goskomstat, and the Ministry of Finance provide quite detailed information on financial transactions. In spite of this, official estimations of flow of funds accounts and the financial account are still unavailable though some experimental calculations have been made by the staff of the Central Bank. However, there are at least two Russian think‐tanks ‐ the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) and the Institute for Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Science (IEF) ‐ that try to fill this information vacuum. The BEA estimates traditional flow of funds accounts, the IEF ‐ the so‐called Social Accounting Matrixes, which include the financial account. In this article we will use flow of funds accounts estimated by the BEA.
Einige Erfahrungen betreffs Schicks Reaktion
Authors: HUSS R. , ÖSTLING K. 
Published: August 2010

Zusammenfassung.Wir haben durch unsere Untersuchungen die allgemein gewonnene Erfahrung bestätigen können, dass die Anzahl Schickpositiver am grössten während der ersten Lebensjahre ist, um dann allmählich abzunehmen, im Anfang rascher, danach langsamer. Der Umstand, dass eine Diphtherieepidemie den Untersuchungen vorausgegangen ist, scheint die Proportion Schickpositiver in verschiedenen Altersgruppen nur in der Weise beeinflusst zu haben, dass eine deutliche Abnahme der Anzahl Schick‐positiver in der Altersgruppe hat beobachtet werden können, die das Durchschnittsalter der Erkrankten umfasst.Es hat sich gezeigt, dass die Anzahl Schickpositiver unter gesunden Bazillenträgern relativ niedriger ist als unter den übrigen nicht erkrankten Personen.Die Berechtigung, die Pseudoreaktion als eine allergische Reaktion aufzufassen, wird durch unsere Beobachtungen bestätigt, da sie hauptsächlich bei älteren Personen vorkommt und frequenter unter denjenigen ist, die Diphtherie gehabt haben, als unter den übrigen.Die mit Schicks Reaktion gewonnenen Resultate haben uns die Möglichkeit gegeben, zu beurteilen, ob die Epidemie durch eine Milchinfektion bedingt gewesen ist, und endgültig zu entscheiden, dass das nicht der Fall hat sein können. Eine positive Antwort auf die Frage nach der Verbreitungsweise hat dagegen auf diesem Wege nicht erhalten werden können.
Nouvelle orientation sur la gymnastique médicale(hygiénique)1
Authors: FABER ARNE 
Published: August 2010

RésuméEntre les traitements de maladie est le massage employé un peu trop et la gymnastique médicale (hygiénique) trop peu.Par nouvelle orientation dans la gymnastique médicale c'est possible d'obtenir plus d'effet dansle traitement. Par »les exercices avec résistance» et les exercices avec résistance par soiměme (»auto‐tension») = Selbsthemmungsübungen) nous avons des remédes techniques bonnes.Une revue historique et physiologique dans la question est ici présentée.