bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fourth Cranial Nerve Palsy in a Collegiate Lacrosse Player: A Case Report
Authors: Stiller-Ostrowski Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2011

Abstract

Objective:
To present the case of a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I men's lacrosse athlete with fourth cranial nerve injury as the result of a minor traumatic blow.

Background:
The athlete was struck on the right side of his head during a lacrosse game. On-field evaluation revealed no cervical spine involvement or loss of consciousness. He complained of headache and dizziness, with delayed reports of visual disturbance. Sideline visual acuity and cranial nerve screenings appeared within normal limits. Consultation with the team physician indicated that immediate referral to the emergency department was unnecessary.

Differential Diagnosis:
Concussion, third cranial nerve palsy, fourth cranial nerve palsy.

Treatment:
The certified athletic trainer safely removed the athlete from the playing field and monitored him on the sideline. After being seen by the team physician, the patient was referred to a neurologist, ophthalmologist, and finally a neuro-ophthalmologist before a definitive diagnosis was made. The palsy did not necessitate surgical intervention, resolving with conservative treatment. The athlete was able to return to full athletic ability at his preinjury level by 8 months postinjury.

Uniqueness:
Superior oblique palsy as the result of fourth cranial nerve injury is the most frequent isolated cranial nerve palsy; however, these palsies are often underdiagnosed by health professionals. Such palsies are uncommon within the athletic realm, making timely diagnosis even less likely.

Conclusions:
Cranial nerve palsy may present very subtly in patients. Therefore, on-field health care providers should be aware of the descriptions and types of compensations that signal nerve injury.
Impact of parenting practices on parent-child relationships in children with specific learning disability
Authors: Karande S , Kuril S 
Published: January 2011

Background:
Parents of children with specific learning disability (SpLD) undergo stress in coping up with their child's condition.

Aims:
To document the parenting practices of parents having a child with newly diagnosed SpLD and to analyze their impact on parent-child relationships.

Settings and Design:
Cross-sectional questionnaire-based study in our clinic.

Materials and Methods:
From May 2007 to January 2008, 150 parents (either mother or father) of children consecutively diagnosed as having SpLD were enrolled. Parenting practices and parent-child relationships were measured by the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-Parent Form (APQ-PF) and the Parent Child Relationship Questionnaire (PCRQ), respectively.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Pearson correlation coefficients between subscales of APQ-PF and PCRQ were computed. Multiple regression analysis was carried out for statistical significance of the clinical and demographic variables. Results: Parents who were: (i) "involved" in parenting had a good "personal relationship and disciplinary warmth," (ii) practicing "positive parenting" had good "warmth, personal relationship and disciplinary warmth," (iii) "poorly supervising" their child's activities lacked "warmth and personal relationship," (iv) practicing "inconsistent discipline' had a higher "power assertion" and (v) practicing "corporal punishment" lacked "warmth" and had a higher "power assertion and possessiveness" in their relationships with their child. Parent being poorly educated or currently ill and child having all three types of SpLD present concomitantly or a sibling or a sibling with a chronic disability or being in class standard IX to XI were variables that independently predicted a poor parenting or parent-child relationship subscale score.

Conclusions:
The present study has identified parenting practices that need to be encouraged or excluded for improving parent-child relationships. Initiating these measures would help in the rehabilitation of children with SpLD.
Retrospective multicenter study on the development of peripheral lymphocytosis following second‐line dasatinib therapy for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Lee Su Jin , Jung Chul Won , Kim Dae‐Young , Lee Kyoo‐Hyung , Sohn Sang Kyun , Kwak Jae‐Yong , Kim Hyeoung‐Joon , Kim In Ho , Park Seonyang , Kim Dong Hwan (Dennis) 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe current retrospective study investigated the incidence of lymphocytosis following second‐line dasatinib therapy in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and analyzed the clinical factors predictive of the development of lymphocytosis, as well as association with treatment outcomes. Fifty CML patients who failed imatinib treatment and received dasatinib were included from nine centers in the Republic of Korea. The cumulative incidence of lymphocytosis was assessed, and cytogenetic and molecular response, treatment failure, loss of response, progression to advanced disease, and survival were evaluated and analyzed according to the development of lymphocytosis. After a median of 17 months of dasatinib therapy, 23 patients (46%) developed lymphocytosis (median onset 4 months). No clinical predictive factor for the development of lymphocytosis was found. The group presenting lymphocytosis showed a higher complete cytogenetic response (CCyR; 78.3 vs. 29.6%, P = 0.001) and major molecular response (MMR; 52.2 vs. 14.8%, P = 0.005), in comparison to the group without presenting lymphocytosis. The development of lymphocytosis after dasatinib was identified as a favorable independent marker for predicting a CCyR (P = 0.002) or MMR (P = 0.003). Further study is necessary to identify which subset of lymphocytes was expanded and to reveal the exact mechanism by which dasatinib induces lymphocyte expansion. Am. J. Hematol. 86:346–350, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald criteria
Authors: Polman Chris H. , Reingold Stephen C. , Banwell Brenda , Clanet Michel , Cohen Jeffrey A. , Filippi Massimo , Fujihara Kazuo , Havrdova Eva , Hutchinson Michael , Kappos Ludwig , Lublin Fred D. , Montalban Xavier , O'Connor Paul , Sandberg‐Wollheim Magnhild , Thompson Alan J. , Waubant Emmanuelle , Weinshenker Brian , Wolinsky Jerry S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractNew evidence and consensus has led to further revision of the McDonald Criteria for diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The use of imaging for demonstration of dissemination of central nervous system lesions in space and time has been simplified, and in some circumstances dissemination in space and time can be established by a single scan. These revisions simplify the Criteria, preserve their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, address their applicability across populations, and may allow earlier diagnosis and more uniform and widespread use. Ann Neurol 2011
Nanotoxicology: An Interdisciplinary Challenge
Authors: Krug Harald F. , Wick Peter 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe increasing consumption of products containing nanomaterials that can be currently observed and forecasts of new developments and applications fan the fear of individuals and organizations regarding new risks to health. Considering experiences gained from previous technology developments, such fears are not completely unfounded. But are they really justified? And is it justified, moreover, to speak of “nanotoxicology” as a new discipline? This Review seeks to cast light on the phenomena that may occur as nanoobjects interact with cells, tissues, and organisms. Furthermore, we will demonstrate that the many data made available on the biological effects of nanomaterials do not always come from studies that can be considered reliable. We will point out the aspect of reliability with specific examples from the literature and will not address specific (nano)materials. In particular, inadequate methods will be described together with recommendations how to avoid this in the future, thereby contributing to a sustainable improvement of the available data.
The first thirty kilometres of the western front 1914–1918: an aerial archaeological approach with historical remote sensing data
Authors: Stichelbaut Birger 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDuring the first months of World War One, most armies realized the strength and possibilities of a new weapon: military aviation carrying out aerial reconnaissance. Pilots and observers became the eyes of the army. Aerial photographs were taken all over the different theatres of war, documenting a cultural landscape from which the relicts are often still visible as scars in the landscape. These aerial photographs are a massive and overlooked source for the archaeological study of the Western Front in Europe. This paper describes how a specific, non‐destructive approach and methodology can provide new insights into extant and destroyed archaeological remains through combining GIS mapping and the interpretation of thousands of historical aerial photographs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The trend of body donation for education based on Korean social and religious culture
Authors: Park Jong‐Tae , Jang Yoonsun , Park Min Sun , Pae Calvin , Park Jinyi , Hu Kyung‐Seok , Park Jin‐Seo , Han Seung‐Ho , Koh Ki‐Seok , Kim Hee‐Jin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractUntil a century ago, Korean medicine was based mainly on Oriental philosophies and ideas. From a religious perspective, Chinese Confucianism was prevalent in Korea at that time. Since Confucianists believe that it is against one's filial duty to harm his or her body, given to them by their parents, most Koreans did not donate their bodies or organs for education in the past. However, by the end of the 20th century, a unique fusion of Western and Oriental medicines were produced on the Korean Peninsula, revolutionizing traditional perspectives on the human body, mortality, and the relationship of medical science to society. Koreans began to think about others' lives as well as their own by realizing the importance of donating one's organs and bodies for scientific purposes. Since then, the number of people donating their bodies to Korean medical and dental schools for the purpose of improving academic learning has increased dramatically. In response, Korean medical schools have begun to hold various types of funeral ceremonies to honor body donors. We have compared such ceremonies performed in Korea with those performed in the United States of America and Taiwan. These ceremonies are viewed as a suitable way to pay proper respect to the dead and to promote knowledge about body donation programs in Korea. Overall, the transition of religions and social ethics in Korea has greatly facilitated body bequeathal programs, benefiting both medical education and the Korean public health administration. Anat Sci Educ. © 2011 American Association of Anatomists.
Treatment of TiO2 with COOH‐Functionalized Germanium Nanoparticles to Enhance the Photocurrent of Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Kim Chang‐Ho , Ha Eun‐Sung , Baik Hionsuck , Kim Kang‐Jin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA dye‐sensitized solar cell (DSSC) containing a TiO2 film treated with COOH‐functionalized germanium nanoparticles (GeCOOH Nps) exhibited a higher short‐circuit photocurrent density (Jsc; 15.4 mA cm−2) compared to the corresponding untreated DSSC (13.4 mA cm−2) using N719 and a 12 μm thick TiO2 film at 100 mW cm−2. The amount of N719 attached to the treated TiO2 film was 21 % greater than that attached to the untreated TiO2 film. Enhancement of the Jsc value by 15 % was attributed mostly to an intramolecular charge transfer from N719 attached to the GeCOOH Nps to the TiO2 conduction band through the GeCOOH Nps.
Nitrogen‐Rich Azoles as Ligand Spacers in Coordination Polymers
Authors: Bai Shi‐Qiang , Young David J. , Hor T. S. Andy 
Published: January 2011

AbstractN‐heterocycle‐based ligands are versatile building‐blocks for coordination oligomer and polymer assemblies of first‐row transition metals. Herein, we review recent developments in the design and synthesis of some nitrogen‐rich azole‐based ligands, their assembly modes in coordination oligomers and polymers, and the potential applications of the resulting metallosupramolecules.
CpG island methylation profiling in human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma
Authors: Bell Achim , Bell Diana , Weber Randal S. , El‐Naggar Adel K. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic event associated with physiologic and pathologic conditions, including cancer. Hypermethylation of CpG islands at active gene promoters leads to transcriptional repression, whereas hypomethylation is associated with gene overexpression. The aim of this study was to identify genes in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of salivary gland strongly deregulated by epigenetic CpG island methylation, to validate selected genes by conventional techniques, and to correlate the findings with clinicopathologic factors.METHODS:The authors analyzed 16 matched normal and tumor tissues for aberrant DNA methylation using the methylated CpG island amplification and microarray method and the pyrosequencing technique.RESULTS:Microarray analysis showed hypomethylation in 7 and hypermethylation in 32 CpG islands. Hypomethylation was identified in CpG islands near FBXO17, PHKG1, LOXL1, DOCK1, and PARVG. Hypermethylation was identified near genes encoding predominantly transcription factors (EN1, FOXE1, GBX2, FOXL1, TBX4, MEIS1, LBX2, NR2F2, POU3F3, IRX3, TFAP2C, NKX2‐4, PITX1, NKX2‐5), and 13 genes with different functions (MT1H, EPHX3, AQPEP, BCL2L11, SLC35D3, S1PR5, PNLIPRP1, CLIC6, RASAL, XRN2, GSTM5, FNDC1, INSRR). Four CpG islands by EN1, FOXE1, TBX4, and PITX1 were validated by pyrosequencing.CONCLUSIONS:The highly methylated genes in tumor versus normal tissue are linked to developmental, apoptotic, and other fundamental cellular pathways, suggesting that down‐regulation of these genes is associated with ACC development and progression. With EN1 hypermethylation showing potential as a possible biomarker for ACC in salivary gland, the biological and therapeutic implications of these findings require further preclinical investigations. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Then and now: Interviews with expert U.S. organizational ombudsmen
Authors: Levine‐Finley Samantha , Carter John S. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThrough the stories of twenty‐four pioneering U.S. organizational ombudsmen, this article explores the history of the modern organizational ombudsman role and what needs to be done to strengthen the field. Those interviewed are considered leaders in the field, many having practiced the role early in its existence and for ten or more years. They describe its evolution, citing factors such as peer‐to‐peer support and standards of practice that contributed to its growth and stability, and ongoing challenges, including the need for a shield law and more effective assessment and communication of the value of the role.
Synthesis and Structures of [(Trimethylsilyl)methyl]sodium and ‐potassium with Bi‐ and Tridentate N‐Donor Ligands
Authors: Clegg William , Conway Ben , Kennedy Alan R. , Klett Jan , Mulvey Robert E. , Russo Luca 
Published: January 2011

Abstract[(Trimethylsilyl)methyl]sodium [NaCH2SiMe3] (1) was prepared by a metathesis reaction of [(trimethylsilyl)methyl]lithium [LiCH2SiMe3] with sodium tert‐butoxide in n‐hexane. Polydentate donors such as N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) and N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) form n‐hexane‐soluble complexes of 1 and the potassium congener [KCH2SiMe3] (2). The crystal structures of the polymers [(TMEDA)NaCH2SiMe3] (1a) and [(PMDETA)KCH2SiMe3] (2a) were determined as infinite helical chains exhibiting 31 or 32 screw‐axis symmetry. Compound 2b was obtained as the donor‐deficient heterocubane pseudotetramer [(TMEDA)3(KCH2SiMe3)4], with intermolecular interactions of the TMEDA‐uncoordinated potassium atom with a peripheral methyl group of a neighbouring tetramer to form infinite chains. The relatively easy accessibility and stability should make these (trimethylsilyl)methyl compounds of sodium and potassium valuable starting points for further exploration of the chemistry of these common‐utility heavier alkali metals.
C–F Bond Activation of Highly Fluorinated Molecules at Rhodium: From Model Reactions to Catalysis
Authors: Braun Thomas , Wehmeier Falk 
Published: January 2011

AbstractRhodium complexes are excellent tools for the activation of aromatic and olefinic carbon–fluorine bonds. C–F bond cleavage reactions are key steps for the derivatization of highly fluorinated compounds via stoichiometric or catalytic reaction pathways. The reaction routes involve hydrodefluorinations, but also the selective introduction of functional groups at distinctive positions, to provide access to new fluorinated building blocks. One can identify two general types of rhodium precursors that can induce the C–F activation step. Cyclopentadienyl compounds have been applied for thermal and photochemical C–F bond cleavage reactions of aromatics in solution, but oxidative addition steps have also been investigated in matrix isolation studies at low temperature. Square‐planar hydrido, silyl, and boryl complexes are often involved in unique stoichiometric and catalytic processes for the derivatization of aromatics and olefins.
A Decade of Octacyanides in Polynuclear Molecular Materials (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 3/2011)
Authors: Sieklucka Barbara , Podgajny Robert , Korzeniak Tomasz , Nowicka Beata , Pinkowicz Dawid , Kozieł Marcin 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe cover picture shows the fragment of the cyanido‐bridged framework of a series of 3D isostructural {[M′II(pyrazole)4]2[NbIV(CN)8]·4H2O}n (M′ = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni) molecular magnets illuminating the landscape of the old‐fashioned ABIT‐VH6 electronic motherboard. The Microreview by B. Sieklucka et al. on p. 305 ff presents different types of functionality of octacyanidometallate‐based assemblies with special attention devoted to the tuning of the magnetic properties by physical and chemical stimuli. Examples of advanced properties comprise single‐molecule and single‐chain magnets, magnetization‐induced second harmonic generation and chirality, spin crossover and luminescence. The potential of development towards addressable, multifunctional molecular materials for future application is discussed.
Prolinamides Bearing Thiourea Groups as Catalysts for Asymmetric Aldol Reactions
Authors: Fotaras Stamatis , Kokotos Christoforos G. , Tsandi Evaggelia , Kokotos George 
Published: January 2011

AbstractOrganocatalysts based on α‐amino acid amides (proline,valine, and threonine) and chiral diamines bearing thiourea groups were synthesized and their activities for aldol reactions were studied. The catalyst based on (S)‐proline and (1S,2S)‐diphenylethylenediamine proved to be an excellent catalyst, providing the products of reactions between ketones and aromatic aldehydes in high to quantitative yields and with high stereoselectivities (up to 98:2 dr and 99 % ee). The presence of an acid additive (4‐nitrobenzoic acid) has a considerable impact on both yield and enantioselectivity.
Reduced‐dimension nonlinear finite‐element analysis of a vibrating disk in an unbounded domain
Authors: Thammarak Punchet , Tassoulas John L. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe present and evaluate the formulation of a reduced‐dimension (one‐dimensional) finite element for the nonlinear analysis of a vibrating disk in a two‐dimensional unbounded domain. As this problem is relevant in studies of the dynamic response of laterally loaded piles, numerous spring‐and‐dashpot representations of the disk undergoing displacement in an unbounded material domain have been developed to date: static and dynamic, linear and nonlinear. With the focus on material nonlinearity, the present simplified formulation circumvents the complications associated with nonlinear springs and dashpots. Indeed, the continuum‐based treatment described herein accounts for the interaction between the two modes of energy dissipation, due to wave propagation in the unbounded domain and loss associated with inelastic behavior. The formulation is a good compromise between the competing desires for realistic representation and efficient computation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influence of grass soil cover on water runoff and soil detachment under rainfall simulation in a sub‐humid South African degraded rangeland
Authors: Podwojewski Pascal , Janeau Jean Louis , Grellier Séraphine , Valentin Christian , Lorentz Simon , Chaplot Vincent 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIn most regions of the world overgrazing plays a major role in land degradation and thus creates a major threat to natural ecosystems. Several feedbacks exist between overgrazing, vegetation, soil infiltration by water and soil erosion that need to be better understood. In this study of a sub‐humid overgrazed rangeland in South Africa, the main objective was to evaluate the impact of grass cover on soil infiltration by water and soil detachment. Artificial rains of 30 and 60 mm h−1 were applied for 30 min on 1 m2 micro‐plots showing similar sandy‐loam Acrisols with different proportions of soil surface coverage by grass (Class A: 75–100%; B: 75–50%; C: 50–25%; D: 25–5%; E: 5–0% with an outcropping A horizon; F: 0% with an outcropping B horizon) to evaluate pre‐runoff rainfall (Pr), steady state water infiltration (I), sediment concentration (SC) and soil losses (SL). Whatever the class of vegetal cover and the rainfall intensity, with the exception of two plots probably affected by biological activity, I decreased regularly to a steady rate <2 mm h−1 after 15 min rain. There was no significant correlation between I and Pr with vegetal cover. The average SC computed from the two rains increased from 0·16 g L−1 (class A) to 48·5 g L−1 (class F) while SL was varied between 4 g m−2 h−1 for A and 1883 g m−2 h−1 for F. SL increased significantly with decreasing vegetal cover with an exponential increase while the removal of the A horizon increased SC and SL by a factor of 4. The results support the belief that soil vegetation cover and overgrazing plays a major role in soil infiltration by water but also suggest that the interrill erosion process is self‐increasing. Abandoned cultivated lands and animal preferred pathways are more vulnerable to erosive processes than simply overgrazed rangelands. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Middle pleistocene variations in palaeoclimate, palaeoenvironment and vegetation of the las tablas de daimiel national park (Spain)
Authors: Valdeolmillos‐Rodríguez Ana , Dorado‐Valiño Miriam , Ruiz‐Zapata Maria Blanca , Alonso‐Zarza Ana María 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe Middle Pleistocene palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironment evolution of the Las Tablas de Daimiel wetlands is described using a combination of sedimentology, pollen and δ13C and δ18O isotopic records of Unit B of core LT‐199906. This unit mostly contains fluvial and palustrine sediments. U/Th and amino acid racemization (AAR) dating and a comparison of the δ18O curve of Unit B with oceanic records suggests that Unit B spans the period from the end of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 10 (340 ka) to the first stages of MIS 7 (ca. 210 ka). MIS 9 was characterised by a regional vegetation dominated by Cupressaceae, with Pinus as a tree element. The water level was high and temperatures were very probably higher than during the Holocene. MIS 8 and the first substages of MIS 7 (7e, 7d and 7c) were dominated by xerophilous steppe vegetation in lowlands (elevations around 610 m above sea level) near to the wetland. At higher altitudes, far away from the wetland, there were fewer Pinus than in MIS 9, and a greater presence of warm, temperate and cool climate tree elements. The aquatic system in MIS 9 became shallower, with eutrophication and the accumulation of organic matter occurring; temperatures were similar to or lower than those of the Holocene. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.