bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiation-induced DNA damage by proton, helium and carbon ions in human fibroblast cell: Geant4-DNA and MCDS-based study
Authors: Chattaraj Arghya , Selvam T Palani 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background. Radiation-induced DNA damages such as Single Strand Break (SSB), Double Strand Break (DSB) and Complex DSB (cDSB) are critical aspects of radiobiology with implications in radiotherapy and radiation protection applications. Materials and Methods. This study presents a thorough investigation into the effects of protons (0.1–100 MeV/u), helium ions (0.13–100 MeV/u) and carbon ions (0.5–480 MeV/u) on DNA of human fibroblast cells using Geant4-DNA track structure code coupled with DBSCAN algorithm and Monte Carlo Damage Simulations (MCDS) code. Geant4-DNA-based simulations consider 1 μm × 1 μm × 0.5 μm water box as the target to calculate energy deposition on event-by-event basis and the three-dimensional coordinates of the interaction location, and then DBSCAN algorithm is used to calculate yields of SSB, DSB and cDSB in human fibroblast cell. The study investigated the influence of Linear Energy Transfer (LET) of protons, helium ions and carbon ions on the yields of DNA damages. Influence of cellular oxygenation on DNA damage patterns is investigated using MCDS code. Results. The study shows that DSB and SSB yields are influenced by the LET of the particles, with distinct trends observed for different particles. The cellular oxygenation is a key factor, with anoxic cells exhibiting reduced SSB and DSB yields, underscoring the intricate relationship between cellular oxygen levels and DNA damage. The study introduced DSB/SSB ratio as an informative metric for evaluating the severity of radiation-induced DNA damage, particularly in higher LET regions. Conclusions. The study highlights the importance of considering particle type, LET, and cellular oxygenation in assessing the biological effects of ionizing radiation.
Strategies for circular economy in the Nordics: a comparative analysis of directionality
Authors: Wardeberg Mari , Brynthe Lund Henrik , Hanson Jens , Kärki Riina , Rekosuo Linda , Tenhuen-Lunkka Anna , Palola Sarianna 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper we mobilize sustainability transitions literature to explore directionality for circular economy (CE) transitions, by drawing on and adapting a framework for analysing roadmaps to empirically investigate CE strategies. Specifically, this paper explores circular economy CE strategy documents in the Nordics, the commonalities and differences between them and to what extent they provide directionality for CE transitions. Through a systematic document analysis of 39 CE strategy documents, we find that the strategy documents are vague and lack clear political visions. As such, we argue that the documents fail to provide clear directionality for CE transitions and question their usefulness. Additionally, the paper demonstrates how CE strategy documents can contribute to promoting the development of industries that couple to national ambitions for the development of new, green industries.
Feasibility of embedding orthopaedic clinical trials into national registries: a pilot quality improvement study for the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry (UK-NAHR)
Authors: Sohatee Mark Andrew , McBryde Callum , Andrade Tony , Gaston Paul , Hutt Jonathan , Khanduja Vikas , Malviya Ajay 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
The integration of ‘Registry-based Randomised Control Trials’ (RRCT) into national registries has the potential to catalyse prospective research, enhancing the evidence base for practice. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of embedding a trial within the UK Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry. This was a national observational, multi-centre study. Six pilot sites within the UK were provided with additional support for data collection. We compared the ability of these pilot sites to collect data with the ability of centres where no additional support was provided. We collected information on patient compliance, efficacy and adverse events of drugs routinely used after hip preserving surgery. The primary outcome measure was compliance with data collection in these centres at 30 and 90 days after surgery. Our intention was to assess the feasibility of, and factors influencing, the capturing data for interventional registry trials in the future. Two hundred and twenty-eight patients were enrolled in the Non-Arthroplasty Hip Registry during the study period (114 within pilot centres and 114 in non-pilot centres). Pilot centres had a mean follow-up compliance of 79% (30 days) and 69.4% (90 days) in contrast to 55% (30 days) and 47% (90 days) in the non-pilot centres (P = 0.009/P = 0.0058). The study revealed that supplementary administrative support resulted in improved compliance. However, deficient administration systems negatively impacted follow-up, and surgeon motivation emerged as a crucial determinant in ensuring robust follow-up. The lessons learned from this feasibility trial could be useful for any national registry embedding prospective, registry-based trials.
(424) TESTOSTERONE LEVELS IN OBESE PATIENTS: THE ROLE OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Authors: Donne Dr Elisa Delle , Scacchi Prof Massimo , Bonomi Prof Marco , Cangiano Dr Biagio , Amer Myriam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
An association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and gonadal disfunction is known. Specifically, while obesity is commonly associated with reduced testosterone secretion, some studies suggest OSA can independently affect testosterone.
Moreover, although most studies show that Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment does not affect testosterone levels, some revealed an improvement in testosterone after CPAP.
Our study wants to investigate whether OSA independently affects testosterone in a cohort of severely obese patients, alongside other factors.

Methods
In 32 severely obese men (BMI&gt;35 kg/m2) testosterone levels were examined in relation to anthropometrics measures (BMI; waist circumference), type2 diabetes (T2DM)/eating disorders, inflammatory status (VES; PCR) and night-oximetry parameters (oxygen saturation [SaO2]; mean minimal SaO2 [minSaO2]; desaturation events index [ODI]; percentage of time SaO2 &lt;90% and &lt;85% [% time SaO2 &lt;90% and &lt;85%]).

Results
In 32 patients (BMI 35-76.5 kg/m2, mean 46.2±7.8; age 19-73y, mean 54.7±14.8) a regression analysis showed inverse correlation between testosterone and BMI (p=0.0036) and waist circumference (p=0.02). No association was found with age (p=0.65), eating disorder (p=0.2) or T2DM (p=0.79). Testosterone showed a trend for correlation with minSaO2 during oximetry (p=0.06), but not with ODI (p=0.45). Multiple regression analysis confirmed inverse relation only with BMI (p=0.0049) and/or waist circumference (p=0.02), rather than presence of OSA (p=0.8) and/or CPAP (p=0.6). In OSA group (n=27) ventilation therapy results associated with higher testosterone levels.

Conclusions
Although BMI remains a key factor in hypotestosteronism, we suggest that the severity of nighttime hypoxia (minSaO2) may be an independent additional factor, more relevant than age, diabetes, inflammation and eating disorder. Interestingly, CPAP seems to have a therapeutic effect on hypogonadism, more than the degree of ventilatory compensation achieved (minSaO2/ODI).
These findings suggest different mechanisms underlying hypotestosteronism in obesity and a therapeutic role of ventilation therapy on hypogonadism in patients with OSAS.

Conflicts of Interest
Nothing to declare.
(308) THE IMPACT OF NONABSORBABLE VERSUS ABSORBABLE SUTURES IN PENILE PLICATION FOR PEYRONIE'S DISEASE
Authors: Eigner Dr Etan , Shabataev Dr Valentin , Nsair Dr Amir , Bistritzki Dr Sergiu , Appel Dr Boaz , Grinshtein Dr Alexander , Gruenwald Dr Ilan , Zisman Dr Ariel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Penile Plication surgery of the tunica albuginea is an operation that is widely used to treat Peyronie's disease. Traditionally, non-absorbable sutures have been used in surgery to prevent recurrence of the curvature. Few studies have examined the use of absorbable sutures in this surgery and their effect on long-term outcomes.

Methods
The clinical details, operation details, and follow-up of patients who underwent plication surgery at our institution between 2013 and 2023 were collected retrospectively. During follow-up, patients were asked about their satisfaction with the surgery.

Results
A total of 48 patients underwent plication surgery. In 29 cases, an absorbable suture (Vicryl) was used, while in 19 cases, a non-absorbable suture (Ethibond) was used. The groups had similar characteristics in terms of age and degree of penile curvature, but had different follow-up times (6 vs. 1.6 years, p&lt;0.001).
Patients with non-absorbable sutures reported feeling a suture under their skin more frequently. Nonetheless, these patients reported higher satisfaction with the surgery (p=0.001).
Regardless of the type of suture used, young patients and those with congenital curvature were more satisfied with the surgery.
Both groups had a straightened penis at initial follow-up (71% vs. 82%, NS). Long-term follow-up showed a recurrence of the curvature in both groups (NS).

Conclusions
It was found that plication surgery with a non-absorbable suture led to greater satisfaction, despite similar results in straightening the penis, and despite the suture's subcutaneous sensation.

Conflicts of Interest
There is no conflict of interest.
(292) PORTUGUESE MEN’S SELF-PERCEPTIONS ABOUT SEXUAL PROBLEMS AND DIFFICULTIES THAT CAUSE DISTRESS: A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Patrão Ana Luísa , Costa Prof Pedro Alexandre , Quinta-Gomes Ana Luísa , Nobre Prof Pedro 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Sexual problems are an important health concern and due to issues related to social stereotypes of masculinity and virility, men feel particularly inhibited about exposing their sexual difficulties. Therefore, the aim of this study was to deepen our knowledge of Portuguese men's self-perceptions of the sexual problems and difficulties that cause them suffering.

Methods
This was a qualitative study carried out with the participation of 38 men living in Portugal. The data was collected through an online questionnaire which, in addition to closed characterization questions, included an open question about difficulties in experiencing satisfactory sexual activities in the last 6 months that caused emotional distress.

Results
From the thematic analysis (Braun & Clarke, 2006; 2022) an overarching theme “Causes of Dissatisfaction with Sex Life” was identified, and encompassed nine themes: (1) difficulties with partners, (2) absence or infrequency of sexual activity, (3) mental and/or emotional health problems, (4) physical health problems, (5) difficulties with desire and stimulation, (6) problems with ejaculation, (7) difficulties with pleasure, (8) erection problems, and (9) difficulty in satisfying sexual fantasies and desires.

Conclusions
The causes of difficulties in experiencing satisfying sexual activities were diverse and multifactorial among the men studied. Deepening our knowledge of these experiences through men's own reports allows us to investigate the suffering associated with these problems and informs prevention and treatment strategies. Helping people with sexual difficulties is central to health because sexual satisfaction is a key indicator of physical and psychological well-being.

Conflicts of Interest
We have no conflict of interest to declare.
(192) EVOLUTION FROM AN HIV PREP CLINIC TO A COMPREHENSIVE SEXUAL HEALTH SERVICE IN A TERTIARY UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Olszyna Dr Dariusz P , Le Tiane , Archuleta Prof Sophia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Delivery of sexual health services in some Asian countries where sex, sexual health and sexually transmitted infections are taboos, faces many challenges. In 2016, the first HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) clinics started in Singapore but had poor uptake of their services. BePrEP was established in 2016 and initially focused exclusively on providing PrEP to men who have sex with men (MSM). In 2019, with slow uptake of PrEP in this population, we decided to broaden its scope to provide comprehensive sexual health services beyond the MSM population.

Methods
In socially conservative Singapore where public healthcare institutions cannot directly advertise their services, we employed innovative interventions to increase uptake of our services and expand beyond MSM. These included: recruitment of a program manager and navigator from key populations, training of a female doctor to cater to female clients, engaging local family physicians, provision of free HIV, syphilis and kidney function tests, implementation of accelerated referral flow from the emergency department, and engagement of community groups in educational social media campaigns with linkage to our clinic.

Results
Between 2016 and 2018 there was a slow uptake of services in our clinic with only 11-14 new clients a year. In 2019 to 2022, after the interventions and rebranding of the clinic, it increased to stable 92-114 new clients a year. Retention in clinic increased from 26% in 2019 to 56% in 2022. Percentage of non-MSM clients increased steadily from 12% in 2019 to 50% in 2022. Number of HIV and syphilis tests per patient per year doubled in this period.

Conclusions
We demonstrated how a sexual health/PrEP service can successfully grow, transform, and increase its scope through employing innovative solutions based on inclusion of key population staff, collaboration with other healthcare providers as well as community groups.

Conflicts of Interest
no conflict of interests.
(1027) FACTORS INFLUENCING WOMEN’S PERSISTENCE IN SEXUAL ACTIVITY AMIDST PAINFUL EXPERIENCES
Authors: Oesterling Carlotta F , Borg Charmaine , de Jong Prof Peter 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Engaging in sexual activity with a partner can constitute a source of pain, rendering sex a source of distress rather than a source of positive physical and mental outcomes. Previous research has found many women experiencing pain to continuously engage in penile-vaginal intercourse, often without communicating their pain to their partners (Carter et al., 2019; Herbenick et al., 2015). Against this backdrop, the present paper examines which social and psychological factors influence the onset and maintenance of (chronic) vulvar pain in women, and which underlying motivations drive women to not refrain from sexual behaviors which elicit such pain.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of women who are not pregnant, sexually active, and between 18 and 65 years of age. All women received a questionnaire measuring concepts relevant to the construct of MESA which will be presented via Qualtrics Survey Software. The questionnaire includes items measuring sexual behaviour with and without pain based on The Hite Report of Female Sexuality (Hite, 2003), the Experience in Close Relationships Questionnaire (Fraley et al., 2011), measures of sexual and relationship satisfaction, partner responsiveness, vulvar pain and sexual functioning (FSFI), sexual distress (FSDS), sexual self-esteem (SSEI - W) and sexual motives.

Results
More than half of women were found to frequently experience pain during sexual intercourse, as well as sexual distress. Sixty percent of women were found to at least sometimes engage in sexual activity despite pain and not communicate their pain to their partners. Sexual self-esteemand sexual agency (measured using a self-constructed and psychometrically evaluated questionnaire) were found to significantly predict sexual function, sexual distress, engagement in sexual intercourse despite pain and pain communication.

Conclusions
Insights in the reasons for engaging in painful sexual intercourse and not communicating this pain, as well as in maintaining factors of sexual pain during intercourse can be derived.

Conflicts of Interest
None.
(182) A CHART REVIEW OF LOW-INTENSITY SHOCKWAVE THERAPY WITH UROGOLD 100™ MTS FOR HORMONALLY-MEDIATED VESTIBULODYNIA
Authors: Goldstein Sue W , Goldstein Irwin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Low intensity shockwave therapy (LiSWT) is a non-pharmacologic, non-surgical treatment strategy FDA-cleared for pain amelioration. This chart review examines treatment outcome with the Urogold 100™MTS for hormonally-mediated vestibulodynia (HMV).

Methods
Patients diagnosed with HMV were offered LiSWT. Standard in our practice, patients completed Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), Sexual Distress Scale (SDS), vulvoscopy with photography, and cotton-tipped swab testing at baseline. Pre-treatment hormonal blood tests included total testosterone and sex hormone binding globulin. Vulvoscopic vulvar/vestibular photographs were scored for Vulvar/Vestibular Tissue Appearance (Vul/VestTA) (0 = normal, 1 = minimal, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe) for the vulva, vestibule and urethral meatus. Cotton-tipped swab testing rated pain at the 1: 00, 3:00, 5:00, 6:00, 7:00, 9:00 and 11:00 positions (0 = no pain, 1 = minimal, 2 = moderate, 3 = severe). The LiSWT protocol involved 6 treatment sessions, 2100 shocks each (700 right/left lateral vestibule, 700 posterior vestibule), frequency 3/sec, membrane level 1, with energy varied from 0.07 – 0.13 mJ/mm2, based on patient tolerance. Patients underwent vulvar-vestibular photography and cotton-tipped swab testing prior to each set of LiSWT. Before the second and subsequent treatments, patients completed the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I).

Results
19 patients with HMV, mean age 35 years, had low calculated free testosterone and elevated sex hormone binding globulin. Mean baseline scores were: FSFI 15.2/36; Sexual Distress Scale 31/52; cotton-tipped swab testing 2.4; and Vul/VestTA 2.6. Post-treatment, 11/19 (58%) of patients reported a PGI-I of 1-3, indicative of clinically relevant improvement. Post-treatment cotton-tipped swab testing score was diminished to 1.9 (consistent with mild pain), Vul/VestTA was 1.7 and vulvar/vestibular photographs revealed reduced vestibular pallor and erythema. One patient experienced transient worsening of symptoms.

Conclusions
This chart review supports the need for prospective, sham-controlled clinical trials of LiSWT with Urogold 100™MTS for HMV.

Conflicts of Interest
No conflicts of interest.
(148) SEXUAL ASSAULT REPORTING: A STUDY TO IMPROVE PREVENTION, INFORMATION, AND CARE OF VICTIMS IN EMERGENCY CARE SETTINGS
Authors: Cottler-Casanova Dr Sara , Lourenço Vera , Guillot Cécile , Poncet Antoine , Mathevet Prof Patrice , Petignat Prof Patrick , Yaron Priv-Doz Michal , Fracasso Prof Tony , Abdulcadir Priv-Doz Jasmine 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the characteristics of all persons reporting sexual assault at the obstetrics and gynecology emergency departments of Geneva University Hospital and Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), between 2018 and 2021.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of medico-legal reports for all persons reporting sexual assault at the obstetrics and gynecology emergency departments of the HUG and CHUV between 2018 and 2021.

Results
962 sexual assault records during the 48-month study, 740 were retained for the analysis.

Conclusions
Such data have shaped the creation of the informatic medical file and prospective study to inform services after sexual assault, prevention and health education strategies for all.

Conflicts of Interest
No Conflicts of Interest to declare.
(107) NAVIGATING ENDOMETRIOSIS IN THE TRANSGENDER AND GENDER DIVERSE COMMUNITY: INSIGHTS FROM MULTIDISCIPLINARY FOCUS GROUPS
Authors: Giacomozzi Dr Maddalena , Bouwens Jip , Pieri Mara , Verdonk Prof Petra , Nap Prof Annemiek ,   This project is submitted on behalf of the “TRANSforming endometriosis research” commitee.
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The study aims to gain insights in endometriosis experiences among transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people living with endometriosis and the care they (do not) receive. The objective is to set an agenda to narrow gaps in literature, and to identify relevant recommendations regarding endometriosis care for this community for different disciplines.

Methods
Recruitment took place through a call on social media and professional network of the organizers. Patients and professionals were selected to guarantee a balance of senior/junior researchers, fair geographical distribution and a diversified personal and professional background.
Data was collected during a two-days event hosted at the Brocher Foundation. On the first day 12 presentations were held to ensure all participants had a common understanding of the topic. On the second day, three semi-structured focus groups were conducted. Data was analyzed following the six-step thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke (2006).

Results
Twenty-one participants were selected. These included patient representative and scholars from medicine, public health, social sciences, anthropology, psychology and sexology. Five clusters (research, diagnosis, treatment, HCP-related factors and social challenges) and twenty-one themes were identifies.

Conclusions
This study underscores the insufficiency of current literature leading to an oversimplified portrayal that does not reflect the lived experiences of many individuals. The current guidelines lack the sensitivity needed to address the unique healthcare challenges and barriers faced by this community. This disconnect manifests in delayed diagnosis, inappropriate treatments, and lack of culturally competent care, ultimately perpetuating health disparities in this already marginalized group.
This study emphasizes the pressing need for a multidisciplinary and inclusive approach to endometriosis research and care. The agenda for future research must prioritize a thorough understanding of the nuanced experiences of TGD individuals with endometriosis, considering factors such as hormone therapy, gender-affirming surgeries and minority stress. Healthcare guidelines must undergo an overhaul to incorporate specific needs of this community.

Conflicts of Interest
The event where the data was collected was kindly hosted by the Brocher Foundation. The Brocher foundation mission is to encourage a research on the ethical, legal and social implications of new medical technologies. Its main activities are to host visiting researchers and to organize workshops and summer academies. More information on the Brocher foundation program is available at www.brocher.ch.