bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cruise visitors' experience in a Mediterranean port of call
Authors: Andriotis Konstantinos , Agiomirgianakis George 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study aims to provide a better understanding on cruise travel experience by studying cruise ship passengers motivation, satisfaction and likelihood of return to the port of Heraklion (Crete, Greece). From the findings, it is evident that ‘exploration’ and ‘escape’ were among the main motivations of visitors, and ‘product and services’ as well as ‘tour pace’ were significant dimensions in shaping overall satisfaction levels. Nevertheless, onshore activities were restricted to sightseeing and shopping, because of the limited available time. Based on these findings, relevant proposals are made in order to provide positive port experiences. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Negativity indices for definite and indefinite Sturm‐Liouville problems
Authors: Binding Paul , Möller Manfred 
Published: January 2010

AbstractVarious notions of indices for definite and indefinite Sturm‐Liouville problems are introduced and relations between them are investigated (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The Krein–von Neumann extension and its connection to an abstract buckling problem
Authors: Ashbaugh Mark S. , Gesztesy Fritz , Mitrea Marius , Shterenberg Roman , Teschl Gerald 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe prove the unitary equivalence of the inverse of the Krein–von Neumann extension (on the orthogonal complement of its kernel) of a densely defined, closed, strictly positive operator, S ≥ εIH for some ε > 0 in a Hilbert space H to an abstract buckling problem operator.In the concrete case where in L2(Ω; dnx) for Ω ⊂ ℝn an open, bounded (and sufficiently regular) domain, this recovers, as a particular case of a general result due to G. Grubb, that the eigenvalue problem for the Krein Laplacian SK (i.e., the Krein–von Neumann extension of S),
SKv = λv, λ ≠ 0,
is in one‐to‐one correspondence with the problem of the buckling of a clamped plate,
(‐Δ)2u = λ (‐Δ)u in Ω, λ ≠ 0, u ∈ H02(Ω),
where u and v are related via the pair of formulas
u = SF‐1 (‐Δ)v, v = λ‐1(‐Δ)u,
with SF the Friedrichs extension of S.This establishes the Krein extension as a natural object in elasticity theory (in analogy to the Friedrichs extension, which found natural applications in quantum mechanics, elasticity, etc.) (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Artifact usefulness and usage in sensemaking handoffs
Authors: Sharma Nikhil , Furnas George 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe complexities of sensemaking suggest that collaboration should be difficult, requiring a rich ecology of collaboration support. This can be a problem for handoff sensemaking, where one person must continue where another has left off, sometimes with only material artifacts as the basis of the handoff. A detailed analysis of essential attributes of sensemaking tasks, and elements identified in the computer supported collaborative work literature were combined to yield insight into handoff sensemaking and guide empirical work. A lab‐study showed that handoffs relying only on artifacts from previous sensemaking could be successful. The lab studies also indicated timing and quality affects on the sensemaking handoffs, with different quality materials used differently, and early efforts possibly being particularly difficult to hand off. Design of support for sensemaking handoffs will have to take such effects into account.
“It challenges members to think of their work through another kind of specialist's eyes”: Exploration of the benefits and challenges of diversity in digital project teams
Authors: Siemens Lynne , Duff Wendy , Cunningham Richard , Warwick Claire 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDigital project teams are by definition comprised of people with various skills, disciplines and content knowledge. Collaboration within these teams is undertaken by librarians, academics, undergraduate and graduate students, research assistants, computer programmers and developers, content experts, and other individuals. While this diversity of people, skills and perspectives creates benefits for the teams, at the same time, it creates a series of challenges which must be minimized to ensure project success. Drawing upon interview and survey data, this paper explores the benefits, advantages, and challenges associated with these types of project teams. It will conclude with a series of recommendations focused on harnessing the advantages while minimizing the challenges.
Information Science in the web era: A term‐based approach to domain mapping
Authors: Ibekwe‐SanJuan Fidelia 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWe propose a methodology for mapping the research in Information Science (IS) field based on a combined use of symbolic (linguistic) and numeric information. Using the same list of 12 IS journals as in earlier studies on this same topic (White & McCain1998; Zhao & Strotmann2008a&b), we mapped the structure of research in IS for two consecutive periods: 1996‐2005 and 2006‐2008. We focused on mapping the content of scientific publications from the title and abstract fields of underlying publications. The labels of clusters were automatically derived from titles and abstracts of scientific publications based on linguistic criteria. The results showed that while Information Retrieval (IR) and Citation studies continued to be the two structuring poles of research in IS, other prominent poles have emerged: webometrics in the first period (1996‐2005) evolved into general web studies in the second period, integrating more aspects of IR research. Hence web studies and IR are more interwoven. There is still persistence of user studies in IS but now dispersed among the web studies and the IR poles. The presence of some recent trends in IR research such as automatic summarization and the use of language models were also highlighted by our method. Theoretic research on “information science” continue to occupy a smaller but persistence place. Citation studies on the other hand remains a monolithic block, isolated from the two other poles (IR and web studies) save for a tenuous link through user studies. Citation studies have also recently evolved internally to accommodate newcomers like “h‐index, Google scholar and the open access model”. All these results were automatically generated by our method without resorting to manual labeling of specialties nor reading the publication titles. Our results show that mapping domain knowledge structures at the term level offers a more detailed and intuitive picture of the field as well as capturing emerging trends.
Perceived competence and reading enjoyment as contributors to information skills and digital technology knowledge
Authors: Reynolds Rebecca , Arnone Marilyn , Marshall Todd 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis article reports on the contributions of perceived competence in information and digital skills, perceived competence in reading, and the disposition to read for enjoyment to actual performance in an information and digital literacy knowledge and skills test among 1272 eighth grade students in 20 states who participated in the study. The data support the importance of affective correlates to information sikills and digital technology knowledge, including the disposition to read for enjoyment, which is emphasized in the new American Association for School Librarian's (AASL) Standards for the 21st Century Learner. The study is grounded in Self‐Determination Theory (SDT) and is part of a larger investigation on digital and information literacy and 21st Century dispositions for learning. Implications for curriculum design are discussed.
Personal and external determinants of medical bloggers' knowledge sharing behavior
Authors: Karimi Faezeh , Chiang Choon Poo Danny 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper investigates the factors affecting medical bloggers' knowledge sharing behavior from both personal and external aspects. We develop a model based on the social cognitive theory and augment it with the social capital theory. The model is empirically examined based on the survey data collected from 75 bloggers writing on medical issues, and evaluated with confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Among the personal factors, we examined outcome expectations including reputation and enjoyment in helping others. Encouragement by others, identification and interaction ties were investigated as external factors. Enjoyment in helping others and reputation were found to have significant direct affect on medical bloggers' knowledge sharing behavior, while encouragement by others, identification, and interaction ties showed no significant direct affect. However, encouragement by others exhibited significant impact on reputation and enjoyment in helping others. The implications for theory and practice, and future possible research are discussed.
Analyzing cross‐reference transactions between authors by use of an asymmetric proximity measure and multidimensional unfolding
Authors: Schneider Jesper W. , Borlund Pia 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe present paper explores simultaneous modelling of cross‐reference activity between authors by use of asymmetric proximities and multidimensional unfolding. We thereby model and map both citing and cited relations between authors in a common space. This enables a more comprehensive comparison of the author's dual roles of citing and being cited in a reference network. We model a set of 31 authors and compare the results to a recent author co‐citation study of Information Science. We find that multidimensional unfolding is a reliable and insightful technique for modelling authors' citing and cited dimensions simultaneously. The common space of citing and cited positions exemplify that some authors have substantial discrepancies between their citing behaviour and the way their works are used by peers in the set. Further, modelling mutual relationships as asymmetric brings more accuracy and nuances into the maps as relationships become overt. Finally, the study discusses how high publication activity influences mapping results considerably. To counter this effect, we demonstrate the appropriateness of correcting data for main effects by use of an asymmetric proximity measure of odds ratios.
Evaluating the metadata quality of the IPL
Authors: Ma Shanshan , Lu Caimei , Lin Xia , Galloway Mike 
Published: January 2010

AbstractMetadata quality is directly related to the quality of services provided by digital libraries. The paper presents results from evaluating the metadata quality of the IPL (www.ipl.org). Two evaluation methods were used: a preliminary automatic evaluation and a human involved evaluation using a survey. The automatic evaluation was focused on the completeness of major IPL metadata fields. The human evaluation asked evaluators to judge the accuracy, completeness, consistency, functionality and usefulness of IPL metadata fields. Qualitative feedback from evaluators provided us an in depth picture of the IPL metadata quality. We also compared results from the automatic evaluation and the human evaluation.
Delineating the boundary of “context” in information behavior: Towards a contextual identity framework
Authors: Agarwal Naresh Kumar , Xu Yunjie (Calvin) , Poo Danny C.C. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractDespite the seemingly widespread and growing attention to the notion of ‘context’ in information seeking, the concept remains ill‐defined and inconsistently applied. There isn't any success in defining: What context really means? What are the boundaries of context? What constitutes the ‘core’ (main factors that lead to information seeking behavior) and what constitutes the ‘surrounding’ circumstances (or context)? Where do we draw the line between this core and the context? Or does this context subsume the core? The contribution of this theoretical study will be to help towards delineating the boundaries of context through a Contextual Identity Framework, where we apply the sociological notions of identity, personal identity, social identity and stereotype. The framework has 3 components: 1) Personal Context or ‘my’ context, 2) Shared Context or ‘our’ context, and 3) Context Stereotype or ‘his/her/their’ context. Through this framework, we highlight the futility of trying to define context using any one view. It is only when we take all the 3 views of context into consideration that we are able to adequately define, understand and study context. We hope the framework will provide a basis to further theoretical research in the meaning, role and boundary of context in information behavior.
Take your time first, time your search later: How college students perceive time in Web searching
Authors: Chen Shu‐Yi (Max) , Rieh Soo Young 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study explores people's perception of time during their Web searches. Time is a major component of the context for information behavior, but in empirical studies it has been implied rather than investigated explicitly. The data were collected from Web search experiments in which participants were asked to conduct searches on three given tasks under differing search time conditions. The paper reports on findings drawn primarily from the exit interviews of 45 undergraduate and graduate students on their perception of time in Web searching. Study results indicate that at the beginning of their searching activity, participants did not explicitly consider temporal issues. However, these issues usually surface with the passage of time, especially when searches fail to go as planned. Perception of time is closely entangled with familiarity and difficulty of search task. In general, participants enjoyed spending time in searching and were not excessively concerned about time constraints. On the other hand, participants' affective experiences were sometimes caused by temporal issues. In conclusion, the study results indicate that temporal issues interlace with other contextual and affective factors in the process of Web searching.
Internet RFCs as social policy: Network design from a regulatory perspective
Authors: Braman Sandra 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe Internet has come to fill centrally important economic, social, political, and cultural functions during a period in which policy‐making, too, has been undergoing significant change. The Internet “Requests for Comments” (RFC) process is both the venue technical decision‐making and for the development of Internet governance procedures and institutions. Because this process casts decisions in technical terms, it has largely been without policy scrutiny. This paper offers a preliminary analysis of the RFC discourse for ways in its decision‐making contributes to, operationalizes, influences, or conflicts with the laws of geopolitically recognized governments, and for ways in which the discourse itself serves as the means through which the more formal institutions and practices of Internet governance developed. The paper opens with a discussion of the gap between the technical and legal Internet discourse communities. Policy functions filled by Internet RFCs include explicit policy‐making, explicit policy analysis, and implicit policy analysis (insights into policy issues that are not expressly discussed but that can be elicited from the texts through policy analysis). As a discourse matrix, the RFCs have several features that enable the conversation to fill additional policy‐related functions that include defining the policy subject (the Internet), establishment of Internet design processes, policy implementation programs, conflict and conflict resolution, informal problem resolution, and political analysis.
Using human authored description logics ABoxes as concept models for natural language generation
Authors: Kraines Steven , Guo Weisen 
Published: January 2010

AbstractPapers written by researchers in medical and life sciences are a valuable source of information even for non‐experts looking for knowledge related to rare diseases, but only if those non‐experts can read English. If researchers create descriptors of their papers in the form of description logics (DL) ABoxes (assertion components) according to a DL ontology, then by using currently available software, computers can reason over the ABoxes to infer semantic consequences of the assertions in the descriptor. One open issue is how best to render information contained in the ABox for a particular user based on that user's knowledge requirements and background knowledge, including language preference. Natural language generation (NLG) is a method for rendering computer‐interpretable statements, content models, in human‐readable form, natural language text. ABoxes could be used as content models for NLG with particularly rich semantics. In particular, ABoxes could be used to generate expressions of expert knowledge in languages different from the original language that are more accurate and more tailor‐fit to the user's cognitive state than existing methods for translating scientific papers. A method for generating natural language expressions from ABoxes in English and Japanese is presented and compared with a state‐of‐the‐art expert translation software package.
Characteristics of bioinformatics employment advertisements
Authors: Hill Jennifer I. , MacMullen W. John , Palmer Carole L. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractCurrent trends in the bioinformatics job market were assessed using a sample of 1,996 online employment advertisements from the 6‐year period of January 2003 through December 2008. Job postings were classified by employer type, job role, and location, and a content analysis of the text of a subset of 404 of the posts was performed to identify detailed characteristics associated with master's degree level positions, such as educational requirements and preferred scientific and technical skills. Consistent with previous studies, academic institutions, corporations, and research institutes are the primary employers of bioinformaticists. In the U.S. only three states, California, Maryland, and Massachusetts, provided the majority of opportunities. Graduates from all levels of education are needed in the field, although those with a bachelor's degree in computer science or a Ph.D. in biology or bioinformatics are especially in demand. Perl programming is the most frequently requested skill across advertised positions, and experience using bioinformatics software tools (such as BLAST, CLUSTAL, and HMMER) is the bioinformatics skill in greatest demand. A small number of positions specifically requesting librarians and LIS‐trained bioinformaticists was observed, but the significant bioinformatics activities in biomedical libraries over the same time period are not reflected in this snapshot of the bioinformatics workforce.
Information access: Toward a more robust conceptualization
Authors: Oltmann Shannon M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractInformation access is implicated in multiple research areas in library and information science (LIS). This paper argues that information access should receive more explicit attention from researchers. First, the two predominant conceptualizations of information access are examined and synthesized, noting the particular strengths and weaknesses of each. Next, the paper illustrates the centrality of information access by examining several LIS research areas; this explication demonstrates that information access is an important, though often implicit, concern of LIS researchers. Information access is studied across several research areas, but these typically remain isolated and unconnected. By integrating multiple analytical approaches to information access, this paper improves upon the current understanding of information access. The brief examination of information access suggests that a more refined framework, incorporating additional dimensions, would be fruitful, both to promote research into information access and to better integrate disparate research streams. This paper has three goals: to draw attention to the centrality of information access across LIS, to incorporate multiple research streams' perspectives on information access, and to suggest further refinements to the study of information access.
Beyond topicality: Finding opinionated Chinese documents
Authors: Wu Yejun , Oard Douglas W. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe availability of Web 2.0 technologies has made it easy for information users to express their own opinions and access other people's opinions on the Web. We are interested in understanding how opinions expressed in one way by one group compare to opinions expressed in another way by another group, especially in a different language. We have done reasonably well at finding opinionated English mailing lists and blogs, so we started to work on Chinese opinion classification. This paper reports on experiments with a recently released opinion classification test collection for Chinese sentences. Term‐scale evidence from a large lexicon and from character‐based estimation of semantic orientation for unknown words was used to construct classifiers for subjectivity and polarity that are somewhat more accurate than the best previously reported results. Subjectivity density and the relative predominance of terms with positive and negative semantic orientation were found to be useful features, and appropriate handling of negation was found to be important. With bilingual opinion classification techniques, we can help users find and compare opinions about a topic in two languages.
Genre theory and adolescent information retrieval
Authors: Cameron Tamara 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to describe how a high school student retrieves information in order to write a history research paper, and to investigate the role genre plays in this process of search and paper construction. This study interrogates the conditions under which students are sent to the library to complete research assignments. What is absent from the research of school library use is how the kinds of knowledge expected from the students, and how the kinds of uses and manipulations that information is to be put through are connected to the access and retrieval of information. Because use is the final stage in the information process, this problem is approached by examining the assumptions about language, knowledge, and genre that teachers and students bring to research assignments in the school library. Rhetorical genre theory may be used to construct a representation of information use within an educational setting. Rhetorical genre theory will also be used to determine the method of analysis. By examining a few instances of high school history research, we can begin to systematize the features found beyond the sample to a larger study. An interdisciplinary approach that integrates classification theory, information seeking behavior, and rhetorical practices may help to characterize effective models in information retrieval.
Investigating the creation of ad hoc information visualizations
Authors: Snyder Jaime 
Published: January 2010

AbstractWhile our frameworks for the analysis of textual information and verbal communication are rich, our means for performing the same investigations of visual information are comparatively weak. Given the increasingly visual orientation of our culture and technologies, this is problematic. This poster presents a case for the study of ad hoc visualizations as both communicative practice and information behavior. Ad hoc visualizations are images spontaneously created during conversations. Often corresponding to moments of heightened clarity or coordination, the creation of such visualizations can be viewed within a broad communicative context, alongside linguistic and other non‐textual modes of exchange. Further study of image‐enabled discourse, and specifically ad hoc visualizations, will contribute to the field of information science by extending existing research related to information behaviors into the realm of information creation. It will also provide a more inclusive framework for the study of visual information.