bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Stored and Fresh Injectable Acellular Adipose Matrix in Soft Tissue Reconstruction in a Murine Model
Authors: Kim Jaewoo , Tran Vinh Vuong The , Hong Ki Yong , Chang Hak 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
We previously showed comparable volume effects of injections of acellular adipose matrix (AAM), an adipose tissue-derived extracellular matrix, and conventional fat grafting in a murine model. Thus, AAM could be a novel allogenic injectable product. However, its retention rate poses a concern, as repeated AAM injections may be required in some cases. This study investigated the biological properties and therapeutic value of stored AAM and compared them with those of fresh AAM, in a murine model.

Methods
AAM was manufactured from fresh human abdominoplasty fat. Fresh and stored injectable AAM was prepared within 24 h and 3 months after generation, respectively. Either fresh or stored injectable AAM was injected into the scalp of athymic nude mice (0.2 mL/sample, n = 6 per group). After 8 weeks, graft retention was assessed through weight measurement, and histological analysis was performed, including immunofluorescence staining for CD31 and perilipin.

Results
Retention rate was significantly reduced in the stored compared to the fresh injectable AAM group. Nevertheless, histological analysis revealed comparable inflammatory cell presence, with minimal capsule formation, in both groups. Adipogenesis occurred in both groups, with no significant difference in the blood vessel area (%) between groups.

Conclusions
Although the volume effects of stored AAM for soft tissue reconstruction were limited compared to those of fresh injectable AAM, stored AAM had similar capacity for adipogenesis and angiogenesis. This promising allogeneic injectable holds the potential to serve as an effective “off-the-shelf” alternative for repeated use within a 3-month storage period.

No Level Assigned
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes Review Articles, Book Reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://link.springer.com/journal/00266.
Electrospun lavender essential oil-loaded polylactic acid nanofibrous mats for antioxidant applications
Authors: Ismaili Dea , Parın Fatma Nur , Sıcak Yusuf , Öztürk Mehmet , Terzioğlu Pınar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, the lavender essential oil-incorporated polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers were fabricated by the electrospinning technique with the presence of kolliphor as a nonionic surfactant. The FTIR spectra supported the chemical composition of the fibers. The FTIR spectra demonstrated that there is no chemical reaction present between PLA and lavender essential oil. The SEM images of all nanofibers showed bead-free morphology. ImageJ results showed that the average diameter of lavender oil-loaded fibers ranged between 121.6 ± 32 and 228.2 ± 53 nm. All lavender essential oil-incorporated nanofibers were hydrophobic with satisfactory thermal properties. Furthermore, the lavender essential oil-incorporated PLA nanofibrous mats exhibited good antioxidant activity. The results showed that as the concentration of the essential oil in resulting nanofibers increased, the antioxidant activity also increased. According to the results of this study, lavender essential oil-loaded PLA fibers can be considered for a wide range of potential applications such as active packaging, food coating, facial masks, and wound dressing.
Serum tumor marker and CT body composition scoring system predicts outcomes in colorectal cancer surgical patients
Authors: Song Mingming , Liu Zhihao , Wu Feihong , Nie Tong , Heng Yixin , Xu Jiaxin , Huang Ning , Wu Xiaoyu , Cao Yinghao , Hu Gang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the prognostic value of preoperative body composition and serum tumor markers (STM) in patients undergoing surgical treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC) and to establish the prognostic score for patients with CRC.

Methods
This study enrolled 365 patients (training set 245, validation set 120) with CRC who underwent surgical resection. The predictive value of various body composition features and STM for determining CRC prognosis were compared. A novel index score based on the independent risk factors from Cox regression for CRC patients was established and evaluated for its usefulness.

Results
Multivariate Cox regression showed that low skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) (p = 0.020), low subcutaneous fat area (SFA) (p = 0.029), high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (p = 0.008), and high alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) (p = 0.039) were all independent prognostic factors for poor overall survival (OS). The multifactorial analysis indicated that high intermuscular fat area (IMFA) (p = 0.033) and high CEA (p = 0.009) were independent prognostic factors for poor disease-free survival (DFS). Based on these findings, two scoring systems for OS and DFS were established in the training datasets. CRC patients who scored higher on the new scoring systems had lower OS and DFS (both p < 0.001) as shown in the Kaplan–Meier survival curves in the training and validation datasets.

Conclusion
In predicting the prognosis of CRC patients, SFA and SMD are superior to other body composition measurements. A scoring system based on body composition and STM can have prognostic value and clinical applicability.

Clinical relevance statement
This scoring system, combining body composition and serum tumor markers, may help predict postoperative survival of CRC patients and help clinicians make well-informed decisions regarding the treatment of patients.

Key Points

Colorectal cancer prognosis can be related to body composition.

High intermuscular fat area and CEA were independent prognostic factors for poor disease-free survival.

This scoring system, based on body composition and tumor markers, can prognosticate for colorectal cancer patients.
Machine learning and deep learning for classifying the justification of brain CT referrals
Authors: Potočnik Jaka , Thomas Edel , Lawlor Aonghus , Kearney Dearbhla , Heffernan Eric J. , Killeen Ronan P. , Foley Shane J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To train the machine and deep learning models to automate the justification analysis of radiology referrals in accordance with iGuide categorisation, and to determine if prediction models can generalise across multiple clinical sites and outperform human experts.

Methods
Adult brain computed tomography (CT) referrals from scans performed in three CT centres in Ireland in 2020 and 2021 were retrospectively collected. Two radiographers analysed the justification of 3000 randomly selected referrals using iGuide, with two consultant radiologists analysing the referrals with disagreement. Insufficient or duplicate referrals were discarded. The inter-rater agreement among radiographers and consultants was computed. A random split (4:1) was performed to apply machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) techniques to unstructured clinical indications to automate retrospective justification auditing with multi-class classification. The accuracy and macro-averaged F1 score of the best-performing classifier of each type on the training set were computed on the test set.

Results
42 referrals were ignored. 1909 (64.5%) referrals were justified, 811 (27.4%) were potentially justified, and 238 (8.1%) were unjustified. The agreement between radiographers (κ = 0.268) was lower than radiologists (κ = 0.460). The best-performing ML model was the bag-of-words-based gradient-boosting classifier achieving a 94.4% accuracy and a macro F1 of 0.94. DL models were inferior, with bi-directional long short-term memory achieving 92.3% accuracy, a macro F1 of 0.92, and outperforming multilayer perceptrons.

Conclusion
Interpreting unstructured clinical indications is challenging necessitating clinical decision support. ML and DL can generalise across multiple clinical sites, outperform human experts, and be used as an artificial intelligence-based iGuide interpreter when retrospectively vetting radiology referrals.

Clinical relevance statement
Healthcare vendors and clinical sites should consider developing and utilising artificial intelligence-enabled systems for justifying medical exposures. This would enable better implementation of imaging referral guidelines in clinical practices and reduce population dose burden, CT waiting lists, and wasteful use of resources.

Key Points

Significant variations exist among human experts in interpreting unstructured clinical indications/patient presentations.

Machine and deep learning can automate the justification analysis of radiology referrals according to iGuide categorisation.

Machine and deep learning can improve retrospective and prospective justification auditing for better implementation of imaging referral guidelines.
An obstacle problem for the p-elastic energy
Authors: Dall’Acqua Anna , Müller Marius , Okabe Shinya , Yoshizawa Kensuke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper we consider an obstacle problem for a generalization of the p-elastic energy among graphical curves with fixed ends. Taking into account that the Euler–Lagrange equation has a degeneracy, we address the question whether solutions have a flat part, i.e. an open interval where the curvature vanishes. We also investigate which is the main cause of the loss of regularity, the obstacle or the degeneracy. Moreover, we give several conditions on the obstacle that assure existence and nonexistence of solutions. The analysis can be refined in the special case of the p-elastica functional, where we obtain sharp existence results and uniqueness for symmetric minimizers.
Method for the consideration of statistically distributed geometrical deviations in the design of cylindrical roller bearing arrangements
Authors: Kramer Vincent , Atalay Onur , Rüth Lukas , Wingertszahn Patrick , Bartz Marcel , Götz Stefan , Schleich Benjamin , Koch Oliver , Wartzack Sandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRolling bearings are of great importance in all areas of mechanical engineering due to their precise and low-friction guidance of rotating components at low cost. The design of rolling bearing arrangements is usually based on approximately ideal geometries of bearings and adjacent parts on which the bearing seats are located. However, real components inevitably show statistically distributed deviations from their nominal shapes, which are limited by tolerances. Tight tolerances result in high manufacturing costs while on the other hand their expansion leads to an increase of occurring geometrical deviations which cause changes in the bearing-internal contact and load conditions and can thus impair the operating behavior of the bearing, e.g. with regard to fatigue life, frictional torque or vibration behavior. By taking these effects into account in the design stage, potential problems in operation can be identified early during development and countermeasures can be taken, e.g. by adjusting bearing and seat tolerances. This enables an improvement of overall product quality and a reduction of costs. This paper presents a method for the integration of component deviations in the computation of the fatigue life (Lnmr) and dynamic behavior of cylindrical roller bearing arrangements—both of which are crucial design criteria—based on a combination of statistical tolerance analysis and multi-body simulations. The method is applied to an exemplary use case for illustration.
Die Internationale Walfangkommission und die Herausforderung des Quorums
Authors: Sellheim Nikolas 
Published: June 2024

ZusammenfassungDas Scheitern der Verabschiedung eines Walschutzgebiets im Südatlantik (engl. South Atlantic
Whale Sanctuary, SAWS) im Rahmen der Internationalen Walfangkommission (engl. International Whaling Commission,
IWC) wurde zweimal durch eine absichtliche Verletzung der Beschlussfähigkeit – das Quorum –
durch jene Mitglieder verursacht, die sich gegen die Einrichtung eines SAWS aussprechen. Diese Situation
hat die IWC dazu veranlasst, eine Änderung der Geschäftsordnung in die Wege zu leiten, um zu klären,
ob das Quorum durch die einfache Anwesenheit bei der Sitzung oder durch die Anwesenheit im Sitzungssaal
erreicht wird. Dieser Artikel liefert einige Hintergrundinformationen zu diesem Thema und analysiert die
Geschäftsordnungen anderer Gremien/Sitzungen in Bezug auf die Beschlussfähigkeit. Anschließend
wird die Geschäftsordnung der IWC erörtert und eine Analyse der in dem Dokument verwendeten Begriffe
vorgenommen, woraufhin die Anfechtung der Beschlussfähigkeit im Hinblick auf Abstimmungen in Abwesenheit
angesprochen wird. Auf der Grundlage dieser Erörterung enthält der Artikel einige Vorschläge
zur Änderung der Geschäftsordnung, die nach Ansicht des Autors dazu beitragen könnten, abweichende
Auslegungen zu beseitigen.
PLATO’s signal and noise budget
Authors: Börner Anko , Paproth Carsten , Cabrera Juan , Pertenais Martin , Rauer Heike , Mas-Hesse J. Miguel , Pagano Isabella , Alvarez Jose Lorenzo , Erikson Anders , Grießbach Denis , Levillain Yves , Magrin Demetrio , Mogulsky Valery , Niemi Sami-Matias , Prod’homme Thibaut , Regibo Sara , De Ridder Joris , Rockstein Steve , Samadi Reza , Serrano-Velarde Dimitri , Smith Alan , Verhoeve Peter , Walton Dave 
Published: June 2024

AbstractESA’s PLATO mission aims the detection and characterization of terrestrial planets around solar-type stars as well as the study of host star properties. The noise-to-signal ratio (NSR) is the main performance parameter of the PLATO instrument, which consists of 24 Normal Cameras and 2 Fast Cameras. In order to justify, verify and breakdown NSR-relevant requirements the software simulator PINE was developed. PINE models the signal pathway from a target star to the digital output of a camera based on physical models and considers the major noise contributors. In this paper, the simulator’s coarse mode is introduced which allows fast performance analyses on instrument level. The added value of PINE is illustrated by exemplary applications.
Best quality vs. sex selection – an analysis of embryo selection preferences for patients undergoing preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy over a 10-year period
Authors: Gill Pavan , Whitehead Christine , Werner Marie , Seli Emre 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Investigate patient preferences in embryo selection for transfer regarding quality versus sex in IVF/ICSI cycles with PGT-A and assess associated clinical implications.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study at a university fertility practice from January 2012 to December 2021. Included were patients undergoing single frozen euploid transfers with at least one embryo of each sex available. Primary outcomes were preference for embryo selection (quality vs. sex) and sex preference (male vs. female). Trends over 10 years were evaluated and clinical outcomes, including clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), sustained implantation rate (SIR), and live birth rate (LBR), were compared.

Results
A total of 5,145 embryo transfer cycles were included; 54.5% chose the best-quality embryo, while 45.5% selected based on sex. Among those choosing based on sex, 56.5% chose male embryos and 43.5% chose female. Preference for quality remained consistent over the decade (p = 0.30), while male embryos were consistently favored (p = 0.64). Best-quality embryos had higher grades (p < 0.001). Clinical outcomes were similar between groups (CPR: 74.4% vs. 71.9%, p = 0.05; SIR: 64.9% vs. 63.4%, p = 0.26; LBR: 58.8% vs. 56.7%, p = 0.13), and between male and female embryo selections.

Conclusions
Sex selection remains common, with 45.5% selecting embryos based on sex, predominantly favoring males. This trend persisted over 10 years, with comparable clinical outcomes regardless of selection criteria.
The Dependence of Online Gambling Businesses on High-Spending Customers: Quantification and Implications
Authors: Forrest David , McHale Ian G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOnline gambling has grown to be a significant industry but it faces regulatory threats because of perception that it is heavily dependent on a small segment of its customers who gamble heavily and at a level carrying elevated risk of harm. Employing a large multi-operator data set from Britain, which records individual transactions by some 140,000 individuals observed over one year, we are enabled to provide more precise estimates of the degree of concentration of revenue, compared with previous studies. High dependence on a relatively small number of customers is shown though there is variation from product to product in how small the group of account-holders of potential concern is. We conclude with a discussion of prospects for the industry in light of heightened awareness of gambling harm and resulting restrictions on online gambling spending introduced or proposed by governments or regulators in several jurisdictions.
An empirical comparison of sleep-specific versus generic quality of life instruments among Australians with sleep disorders
Authors: Woods Taylor-Jade , Kaambwa Billingsley 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
In Australian adults diagnosed with a sleep disorder(s), this cross-sectional study compares the empirical relationships between two generic QoL instruments, the EuroQoL 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) and ICEpop CAPability measure for Adults (ICECAP-A), and three sleep-specific metrics, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), 10-item Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire (FOSQ-10), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI).

Methods
Convergent and divergent validity between item/dimension scores was examined using Kendall’s Tau-B correlation, with correlations below 0.30 considered weak, between 0.30 and 0.50 moderate and those above 0.50 strong (indicating that instruments were measuring similar constructs). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify shared underlying constructs.

Results
A total of 1509 participants (aged 18–86 years) were included in the analysis. Convergent validity between dimensions/items of different instruments was weak to moderate. A 5-factor EFA solution, representing ‘daytime dysfunction’, ‘fatigue’, ‘wellbeing’, ‘physical health’, and ‘perceived sleep quality’, was simplest with close fit and fewest cross-loadings. Each instrument’s dimensions/items primarily loaded onto their own factor, except for the EQ-5D-5L and PSQI. Nearly two-thirds of salient loadings were of excellent magnitude (0.72 to 0.91).

Conclusion
Moderate overlap between the constructs assessed by generic and sleep-specific instruments indicates that neither can fully capture the complexity of QoL alone in general disordered sleep populations. Therefore, both are required within economic evaluations. A combination of the EQ-5D-5L and, depending on context, ESS or PSQI offers the broadest measurement of QoL in evaluating sleep health interventions.
Simultaneous mating disruption of two moth pests of the vineyard (Lobesia botrana and Cryptoblabes gnidiella) through a biodegradable sex pheromone dispenser
Authors: Ricciardi Renato , De Fazi Livia , D’Anna Giordana , Savino Francesco , Ladurner Edith , Iodice Andrea , Benelli Giovanni , Lucchi Andrea 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Cryptoblabes gnidiella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) represent a threat to wine production in Mediterranean countries. In recent years, the development of new formulations promoted the spread of pheromone-based mating disruption (MD) as an effective tool for the management of several insect pests in different agricultural contexts. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of an experimental dispenser designed for simultaneous MD of these two pests. The biodegradable double-tube dispenser (Isonet® L CG-BIOX235) was tested for two years in two Italian wine-growing sites, the first in Apulia (Southern Italy), and the second in Tuscany (Central Italy). Isonet® L CG-BIOX235 efficacy was evaluated by testing different doses (i.e., 300, 400, and 500 dispensers/ha), on different varieties (i.e., Aglianico, Syrah, and Viognier), and comparing it with an untreated control. The MD performed using this dispenser significantly reduced the infestation of both L. botrana (i.e., percentage of infested bunches and number of nests per bunch) and C. gnidiella compared to the untreated control, although the occurrence of the latter fluctuated throughout the two-year trials. Overall, although our results underline the possibility of combining the pheromones of the two pests in a single dispenser for their simultaneous MD, they also highlight the need for further studies on some aspects of C. gnidiella biology and consequently improve the MD efficacy against this species.
Post-COVID inflation and the monetary policy dilemma: an agent-based scenario analysis
Authors: Knicker Max Sina , Naumann-Woleske Karl , Bouchaud Jean-Philippe , Zamponi Francesco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The economic shocks that followed the COVID-19 pandemic have brought to light the difficulty, both for academics and policy makers, of describing and predicting the dynamics of inflation. This paper offers an alternative modelling approach. We study the 2020–2023 period within the well-studied Mark-0 Agent-Based Model, in which economic agents act and react according to plausible behavioural rules. We include a mechanism through which trust of economic agents in the Central Bank can de-anchor. We investigate the influence of regulatory policies on inflationary dynamics resulting from three exogenous shocks, calibrated on those that followed the COVID-19 pandemic: a production/consumption shock due to COVID-related lockdowns, a supply chain shock, and an energy price shock exacerbated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine. By exploring the impact of these shocks under different assumptions about monetary policy efficacy and transmission channels, we review various explanations for the resurgence of inflation in the USA, including demand-pull, cost-push, and profit-driven factors. Our main results are fourfold: (i) without appropriate fiscal policy, the shocked economy can take years to recover, or even tip over into a deep recession; (ii) the success of monetary policy in curbing inflation is primarily due to expectation anchoring, rather than to the direct economic impact of interest rate hikes; (iii) however, perhaps paradoxically, strong inflation anchoring is detrimental to consumption and unemployment, leading to a narrow window of “optimal” policy responses due to the trade-off between inflation and unemployment; (iv) the two most sensitive model parameters are those describing wage and price indexation. The results of our study have implications for Central Bank decision-making, and offer an easy-to-use tool that may help anticipate the consequences of different monetary and fiscal policies.