bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of realistic virtual adult populations using a model-based copula approach
Authors: Guo Yuchen , Guo Tingjie , Knibbe Catherijne A. J. , Zwep Laura B. , van Hasselt J. G. Coen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIncorporating realistic sets of patient-associated covariates, i.e., virtual populations, in pharmacometric simulation workflows is essential to obtain realistic model predictions. Current covariate simulation strategies often omit or simplify dependency structures between covariates. Copula models are multivariate distribution functions suitable to capture dependency structures between covariates with improved performance compared to standard approaches. We aimed to develop and evaluate a copula model for generation of adult virtual populations for 12 patient-associated covariates commonly used in pharmacometric simulations, using the publicly available NHANES database, including sex, race-ethnicity, body weight, albumin, and several biochemical variables related to organ function. A multivariate (vine) copula was constructed from bivariate relationships in a stepwise fashion. Covariate distributions were well captured for the overall and subgroup populations. Based on the developed copula model, a web application was developed. The developed copula model and associated web application can be used to generate realistic adult virtual populations, ultimately to support model-based clinical trial design or dose optimization strategies.
Technology Acceptance When Teaching Climate Change
Authors: Rap Shelley , Blonder Ron 
Published: June 2024

AbstractClimate change is a pressing global challenge for humanity, which should be adequately represented in the educational system. However, teachers face a significant challenge due to the vast amount of data and information about climate change available in the media. We aimed to identify aspects that affect teachers’ acceptance of technology in general and how technology may help/hinder their teaching of climate change, in particular. Thirty-five chemistry teachers and chemistry educators were exposed to a novel curriculum about climate change that was developed on a digital platform. This paper described the promoting and inhibiting factors regarding adopting technological tools to teach about electric cars within this curriculum. We applied the lenses of the technology acceptance model (TAM) framework to analyze teachers’ responses. Most of the hindering factors concerned the general disadvantages of integrating technology into teaching (e.g., technical malfunctions); therefore, these aspects should be primary addressed to encourage adopting and applying educational technology. However, factors that are specific to teaching climate change in relation to TAM emerged as well. These factors included the critical consumption of digital data, the need to constantly change one’s teaching practices based on the changing data, as well as the social impact of such a tool on the students’ environment. We wish to stress that the TAM can be applied as a framework to identify teachers’ filters and amplifiers that might promote or inhibit transforming theoretical knowledge into practice.
They Are Not All the Same: Defenders of Ethnically Victimized Adolescents
Authors: Bilir Özturk Pinar , Bayram Özdemir Sevgi , Strohmeier Dagmar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDeveloping a comprehensive understanding of adolescents’ defending behaviors in peer victimization incidents is crucial, as these behaviors are instrumental in preventing victimization in schools. Despite recent efforts to examine various defender subgroups and their characteristics, the heterogeneity in defending behaviors within the context of ethnic victimization remains unclear. To address this gap in knowledge, the current study examined naturally occurring subgroups of defenders in ethnic victimization incidents and investigated whether these subgroups differ in their socio-cognitive skills, class norms, and social status within peer relationships. The sample included adolescents in Sweden (N = 1065; Mage = 13.12, SD = 0.41; 44.5% females). Cluster analysis yielded four distinct subgroups: victim-oriented defenders (41.3%), hybrid defenders (23.5%), bully-oriented defenders (9.8%), and non-defenders (25.4%). Hybrid and victim-oriented defenders had higher levels of perspective taking skills and positive attitudes toward immigrants than non-defenders. All three defender subgroups perceived their classroom climate as more socially cohesive than non-defenders. All four subgroups did not significantly differ in their peer status. These findings emphasize the importance of fostering inclusive class norms and implementing classroom practices that facilitate the development of perspective taking skills among students. Such effort can enhance adolescents’ active defending behaviors in instances of ethnic victimization.
International Tax Law and Profit Repatriation Strategies for Investments in Foreign Subsidiaries
Authors: Kollruss Thomas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study is assigned to international tax law. It elaborates on various innovative strategies for tax-optimized profit repatriation from foreign subsidiaries. As an example, the analysis is carried out against the background of the country constellation USA/European Union. However, the results and strategies can be applied to other country constellations. The elaboration of profit repatriation strategies solves a significant taxation problem for investments in foreign subsidiaries, namely the incurrence of withholding tax in the subsidiary's foreign country of residence. At the same time, a contribution is made to expanding the literature. Tax effective profit repatriation strategies regarding investments in foreign subsidiaries have hardly been derived and discussed in the literature.
Invariant measures on p-adic Lie groups: the p-adic quaternion algebra and the Haar integral on the p-adic rotation groups
Authors: Aniello Paolo , L’Innocente Sonia , Mancini Stefano , Parisi Vincenzo , Svampa Ilaria , Winter Andreas 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe provide a general expression of the Haar measure—that is, the essentially unique translation-invariant measure—on a p-adic Lie group. We then argue that this measure can be regarded as the measure naturally induced by the invariant volume form on the group, as it happens for a standard Lie group over the reals. As an important application, we next consider the problem of determining the Haar measure on the p-adic special orthogonal groups in dimension two, three and four (for every prime number p). In particular, the Haar measure on $$\text {SO}(2,\mathbb {Q}_p)$$

SO
(
2
,

Q
p

)

is obtained by a direct application of our general formula. As for $$\text {SO}(3,\mathbb {Q}_p)$$

SO
(
3
,

Q
p

)

and $$\text {SO}(4,\mathbb {Q}_p)$$

SO
(
4
,

Q
p

)

, instead, we show that Haar integrals on these two groups can conveniently be lifted to Haar integrals on certain p-adic Lie groups from which the special orthogonal groups are obtained as quotients. This construction involves a suitable quaternion algebra over the field $$\mathbb {Q}_p$$

Q
p

and is reminiscent of the quaternionic realization of the real rotation groups. Our results should pave the way to the development of harmonic analysis on the p-adic special orthogonal groups, with potential applications in p-adic quantum mechanics and in the recently proposed p-adic quantum information theory.
An efficient intrusive deep reinforcement learning framework for OpenFOAM
Authors: Salehi Saeed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in artificial intelligence and deep learning offer tremendous opportunities to tackle high-dimensional and challenging problems. Particularly, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been shown to be able to address optimal decision-making problems and control complex dynamical systems. DRL has received increased attention in the realm of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) due to its demonstrated ability to optimize complex flow control strategies. However, DRL algorithms often suffer from low sampling efficiency and require numerous interactions between the agent and the environment, necessitating frequent data exchanges. One significant bottleneck in coupled DRL–CFD algorithms is the extensive data communication between DRL and CFD codes. Non-intrusive algorithms where the DRL agent treats the CFD environment as a black box may come with the deficiency of increased computational cost due to overhead associated with the information exchange between the two DRL and CFD modules. In this article, a TensorFlow-based intrusive DRL–CFD framework is introduced where the agent model is integrated within the open-source CFD solver OpenFOAM. The integration eliminates the need for any external information exchange during DRL episodes. The framework is parallelized using the message passing interface to manage parallel environments for computationally intensive CFD cases through distributed computing. The performance and effectiveness of the framework are verified by controlling the vortex shedding behind two and three-dimensional cylinders, achieved as a result of minimizing drag and lift forces through an active flow control mechanism. The simulation results indicate that the trained controller can stabilize the flow and effectively mitigate the vortex shedding.
Synthesis and characterization of novel bis(thiosemicarbazone) complexes and investigation of their acetylcholinesterase and glutathione S-transferase activities with in silico and in vitro studies
Authors: Donmez Melike , Sekerci Memet , Adiguzel Ragip , Oğuz Ercan , Türkan Fikret , Yildiko Umit , Colak Naki 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this study, firstly, bis(thiosemicarbazone) ligand [L: 2,2′-(2-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)hydrazineylidene)cyclohexane-1,3-diylidene)bis(hydrazine-1-carbothioamide)] was synthesized by the condensation reaction of thiosemicarbazide and ketone compound (2-(2-(4-methoxyphenyl)hydrazone)cyclohexane-1,3-dione). The metal complexes were synthesized by the reaction of obtained ligand (L) with CuCl2·2H2O, NiCl2·6H2O, CoCl2·6H2O, and MnCl2·4H2O salts. The structures of synthesized ligand and their complexes were characterized using elemental analysis, IR, UV–Vis, 1H-NMR spectra, 13C-NMR spectra, magnetic susceptibility, mass spectra (LC–MS), thermogravimetry analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry techniques. According to the results of the analysis, square plane geometry was suggested for Cu and Co complexes. However, the structures of Ni and Mn complexes were in agreement with octahedral geometry. Molecular docking analysis and pharmacological potential of the compound were evaluated to determine the inhibitory potential against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Glutathione-S-transferases (GST) enzymes. The compound exhibited strong binding/docking indices of − 5.708 and − 5.928 kcal/mol for the respective receptors. In addition, L–Ni(II) complex was found to be the most effective inhibitor for AChE enzyme with a Ki value of 0.519. However, with a Ki value of 1.119, L–Cu(II) complex was also found to be an effective inhibitor for the GST enzyme.
Anomalously acting agents: the deployment problem
Authors: Wenger Ingeborg , Ebel Henrik , Eberhard Peter 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDetecting intentionally antagonistic behavior in robot swarms brings challenges that exceed identifying merely erroneous behavior. We investigate a data-based approach to recognize anomalous and, in particular, antagonistic behavior in robots executing a deployment task. The task requires a robot swarm of variable size and starting positions to be optimally distributed within an arbitrary convex surveillance area. Combining a long short-term memory neural network and a normalizing flow, our approach learns to approximate the probability of a robot action. Thus, actions with low probability density values can be categorized as anomalous. The applicability of the proposed approach is validated on simulated runs containing benevolent, antagonistic, and erroneous robots. Both antagonistic and erroneous robots are detected with more than 90 percent accuracy.
Amino-acid PET as a prognostic tool after post Stupp protocol temozolomide therapy in high-grade glioma patients
Authors: Zinsz Adeline , Ahrari Shamimeh , Becker Jason , Mortada Ali , Roch Veronique , Doriat Louis , Santi Matthieu , Blonski Marie , Taillandier Luc , Zaragori Timothée , Verger Antoine 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic performance of amino-acid PET in high-grade gliomas (HGG) patients at the time of temozolomide (TMZ) treatment discontinuation, after the Stupp protocol.

Methods
The analysis included consecutive HGG patients with dynamic [18F]FDOPA PET imaging within 3 months of the end of TMZ therapy, post-Stupp protocol. Static and dynamic PET parameters, responses to RANO criteria for MRI and clinical and histo-molecular factors were correlated to progression-free (PFS).

Results
Thirty-two patients (59.4 [54.0;67.6] years old, 13 (41%) women) were included. Static PET parameters peak tumor-to-background ratio and metabolic tumor volume (respective thresholds of 1.9 and 1.5 mL) showed the best 84% accuracies for predicting PFS at 6 months (p = 0.02). These static PET parameters were also independent predictor of PFS in multivariate analysis (p ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion
In HGG patients having undergone a Stupp protocol, the absence of significant PET uptake after TMZ constitutes a favorable prognostic factor.
On $$\frac{1}{2}$$-DOF active dampers to suppress multistability vibration of a $$2$$-DOF rotor model subjected to simultaneous multiparametric and external harmonic excitations
Authors: Saeed Nasser A. , Awrejcewicz Jan , Elashmawey Randa A. , El-Ganaini Wedad A. , Hou Lei , Sharaf Mohamed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis article addresses the bifurcation characteristics and vibration reduction of a $$2$$

2

-DOF dynamical system simulating the nonlinear oscillation of an asymmetric rotor model subjected to simultaneous multiparametric and external excitations. To suppress the system's vibrations, two $$1/2$$

1
/
2

-DOF active dampers are attached to the system in linear and cubic nonlinear forms via a magnetic coupling actuator. The closed-loop system model is derived as two differential equations with multi-control terms, including cubic, quantic, and septic, coupled nonlinearly to two first-order systems. Applying perturbation theory, the system model is solved, and the autonomous system describing the closed-loop slow-flow dynamics is obtained. Through numerical algorithms, the motion bifurcation is analyzed using various tools such as 2D and 3D bifurcation diagrams, two-parameter stability charts, basins of attraction, orbit plots, and time response profiles. The analytical investigations confirm that the uncontrolled model behaves like a hardening Duffing oscillator with multistability characteristics, displaying simultaneous mono-stable, bi-stable, tri-stable, or quadri-stable periodic oscillations depending on both the asymmetric nonlinearities and angular velocity. Subsequently, the influence of different control parameters is analyzed to determine the threshold between mono and multi-stability conditions. Finally, optimal control parameters are designed to eliminate multistability characteristics and achieve minimum and safe vibration levels.
Analytical insights into a fractional thin-film equation: exact solutions and dynamics
Authors: Yaşar Elif 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, we examine a quadratic thin film equation with a constant negative absorption term. This equation extends a broad variety of the famous scalar reaction-diffusion equations appearing in nonlinear sciences and is derived from the estimations of lubrication theory to represent thin films of a Newtonian liquid dominated by surface tension effects. It is typically used to describe the behavior of light when it interacts with thin films, such as coatings on lenses or mirrors. The connection between thin film equations and optical quantum mechanics lies in the microscopic interactions between photons and the electrons in the thin film material. Employing the invariant subspace approach, we obtain explicit fractional exact solutions for the time-fractional case of the model containing the Riemann-Liouville derivative operator. Furthermore, we illustrate 3-D and 2-D plots of the obtained exact solutions for a better understanding of the physical phenomena.
Improving the understanding of mobility in cross-border areas using a pooled travel survey
Authors: Delloye Justin , Klein Sylvain , Klein Olivier , Drevon Guillaume , Jacquot Mathieu , Rapp Viviane , Cornelis Eric , Rousseaux Joanna , Schiebel Julien , Besch Guy , Godefroy Stéphane , Gerber Philippe 
Published: June 2024

AbstractUnderstanding mobility behaviour in cross-border regions is a major challenge for transport policies and the wellbeing of people living near national borders. However, the available relevant information is often limited to a collection of unharmonized national sources. To overcome this limitation, we propose a methodology for building a pooled travel survey, by merging microdata from travel surveys conducted independently in different cross-border areas of the same cross-border region. Anchored in the Luxembourg functional cross-border region as a study area, this paper provides a general, ready-to-use harmonization methodology for pooling travel surveys. It critically discusses the resulting harmonized values of standard daily mobility indicators in regard to the specificities of the study area. Lastly, it shows that the values for the proportions of trip purposes computed with the pooled survey exhibit substantial differences from values obtained using only local travel surveys (up to 6 percentage points, and up to 33 per cent in the total number of trips). This illustrates the added value of a pooled travel survey compared with an unharmonized collection of local surveys.
Unmanned aerial system plant protection products spraying performance evaluation on a vineyard
Authors: Sassu Alberto , Psiroukis Vasilis , Bettucci Francesco , Ghiani Luca , Fountas Spyros , Gambella Filippo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the context of increasing global food demand and the urgent need for production processes optimization, plant protection products play a key role in safeguarding crops from insects, pests, and fungi, responsible of plant diseases proliferation and yield losses. Despite the inaccurate distribution of conventional aerial spraying performed by airplanes and helicopters, Unmanned Aerial Spraying Systems (UASSs) offer low health risks and operational cost solutions, preserving crops and soil from physical damage. This study explores the impact of UASS flight height (2 m and 2.5 m above ground level), speed (1 m s−1 and 1.5 m s−1), and position (over the canopy and the inter-row) on vineyard aerial spraying efficiency by analysing Water Sensitive Papers droplet coverage, density, and Number Median Diameter using a MATLAB script. Flight position factor, more than others, influenced the application results. The specific configuration of 2 m altitude, 1.5 m s−1 cruising speed, and inter-row positioning yielded the best results in terms of canopy coverage, minimizing off-target and ground dispersion, and represented the best setting to facilitate droplets penetration, reaching the lowest parts generally more affected from disease. Further research is needed to assess UASS aerial PPP distribution effectiveness and environmental impact in agriculture, crucial for technology implementation, especially in countries where aerial treatments are not yet permitted.
Examining the environmental Phillips curve hypothesis in G7 nations: critical insights from wavelet coherence and wavelet causality analysis
Authors: Azimi Mohammad Naim , Rahman Mohammad Mafizur 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study aims to examine the emerging Environmental Phillips-Curve (EPC) hypothesis across G7 nations from 1990 to 2022, employing the cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL), wavelet coherence, and wavelet causality techniques. CS-ARDL analysis reveals negative impacts of the unemployment rate on CO2e, with economic growth exerting positive effects on CO2e over short- and long-term periods. Additionally, renewable energy and technological innovations demonstrate mitigating effects on CO2e, while population is identified as a contributor to CO2e in the long-term. Concurrently, economic policy uncertainty emerges as a significant driver of heightened CO2e over the short- and long-term. The inverse relationship between CO2e and unemployment rate corroborates the validity of the EPC hypothesis within G7 nations. Furthermore, country-specific wavelet coherence and causality analyses unveil varying degrees of co-movement and causal links among variables across diverse frequencies and time intervals. Key findings indicate an out-of-phase nexus between the unemployment rate and CO2e, thus cross-validating the EPC hypothesis. These results underscore the necessity for creative solutions to address the trade-off between CO2e reduction and potential employment impacts. Policymakers must promote green-tech adoption and sustainable practices to mitigate environmental harm while fostering green employment growth. Addressing economic policy uncertainty is imperative to ensure environmental sustainability. G7 nations should enact policies that incentivize green investments through higher capital gains, tax-free investments, and subsidies for environmental technologies to catalyze long-term green employment and growth.
Order effect of an 8-week concurrent training program on the maximal fat oxidation
Authors: Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro , Jaén-Carrillo Diego , García-Pinillos Felipe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Concurrent training (CT) is a common method used in health-oriented training programs. However, its design needs to be explored in order to inform practitioners about the most effective methods to improve different health-related markers (e.g., maximal fat oxidation [MFO]). Thus, this study aims to determine the order effect of an 8 week CT on the MFO of recreationally trained young adults.

Methods
Twenty participants were allocated in two different groups to perform the CT differing only in the exercise sequence. The endurance training (ET) consisted of 4 to 6 repetitions of 30 s all-out running sprints with 4 min of active recovery. The resistance training (RT) consisted of 4 to 6 sets at 60 to 80% of the one-repetition maximum with 5 to 1 repetition in reserve of back squat and bench press exercises. 15 min of rest were established between exercise modes. Previous and after the CT program, participants performed a graded exercise test where MFO was determined.

Results
There was a significant time effect on MFO (p = 0.044). A moderate increase was observed in both ET + RT (Mean change: 0.11 [− 0.02 to 0.25] g/min; Effect size: 0.61 [− 0.12 to 1.35]) and RT + ET (Mean change: 0.07 [− 0.01 to 0.16] g/min; Effect size: 0.62 [− 0.12 to 1.36]) groups. No significant interaction was observed (p = 0.658).

Conclusions
The 8 week CT program improved the muscle oxidative capacity of recreationally trained young adults regardless of the exercise sequence.