bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Borderline Personality Disorder and Interagency Response
Authors: Little John , Trauer Tom , Rouhan Janice , Haines Meredith 
Published: September 2010

Objective: People with borderline personality disorder (BPD) confront multiple agencies with behaviours that are often alarming and bewildering. However, different service providers appear to respond to the same patient population in different ways. We aimed to explore the emotional reactions, concerns and beliefs related to working with the person with BPD by health and non-health related agencies. Method: A specifically designed questionnaire was completed by different agencies prior to their receiving educational training on an organizational and community-based model of care for people with BPD. Results: Police believed that people with BPD are best medicated and hospitalized until they are no longer suicidal. A universal human response was noted as was support for interagency collaboration. Conclusions: Different agencies respond in different ways towards people with BPD. These differences reflect ideological splits between agency groups.
Mental Health Legislation and Psychiatric Treatments in NSW: Electroconvulsive Therapy and Deep Brain Stimulation
Authors: Loo Colleen , Trollor Julian , Alonzo Angelo , Rendina Nicola , Kavess Rosemary 
Published: September 2010

Objective: The aim of this paper is to discuss the restriction of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) to the treatment of psychiatric disorders and the prohibition of psychosurgery and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the NSW Mental Health Act 2007 (MHA), and to examine these restrictions from clinical and human rights perspectives. Method: Sections of the NSW MHA regulating the use of ECT, psychosurgery and DBS were reviewed. These were compared with corresponding regulations in mental health legislation in other Australian states. Reasons for discrepancies were explored. Results: Restrictions in the MHA on the use of ECT, psychosurgery and DBS are not in line with current clinical evidence of their efficacy and safety. The prohibitions aim to ensure safeguards are in place but the legislation fails to balance these objectives with the potential clinical benefit offered by these treatments. Conclusions: By imposing restrictions which are not justifiable in terms of the clinical evidence available, the MHA discriminates against those with neurological disorders responsive to psychiatric treatments, and those with psychiatric disorders who would benefit from the development of DBS as a treatment.
The impact of altered precipitation variability on annual weed species
Authors: Robinson Todd M. P. , Gross Katherine L. 
Published: September 2010

• Premise of the study: Climate change models predict increasing variability in precipitation across the globe, with an increase in the incidence of large precipitation events but decreasing overall event frequency. Research with annual species in arid and semiarid ecosystems has demonstrated that precipitation variability can influence plant community dynamics; however, less is known about the impact of precipitation variability in less water‐limited ecosystems, including economically important agricultural systems.• Methods: We conducted three greenhouse experiments to determine how variation in total precipitation and the interval between precipitation events affected emergence and growth of two common annual midwestern weed species, Chenopodium album (Chenopodiaceae) and Setaria faberi (Poaceae).• Key results: Both species responded to precipitation variability; however, the effect depended on life stage and precipitation amount, indicating that responses are highly context‐dependent. Emergence of both species increased with longer intervals between precipitation events at low total precipitation, but species’ responses varied under typical precipitation amounts. Individual seedling biomass of both species depended on interactions between total water and intervals, but species’ responses differed; Setaria faberi biomass was reduced with longer intervals, but Chenopodium album had either a positive or no response.• Conclusions: Our results suggest that changes in precipitation variability likely will affect the composition and relative abundance of agriculturally important weeds. These results are important for understanding how changes in the temporal variability of precipitation due to global climate changes could impact plants in non‐arid communities.
De la diversité urbaine : des hommes et des dieux sur les pentes de Puymin à Vasio Vocontiorum
Authors: Bouet Alain 
Published: September 2010

Résumé Vaison-la-Romaine (Vaucluse) est l’une des villes antiques les plus largement dégagées grâce aux fouilles du chanoine Sautel menées depuis le début du xx e s. dans les secteurs de La Villasse et de Puymin. L’étude d’une partie de cette dernière zone apporte un regard nouveau sur son organisation : un sanctuaire précoce (Portique de Pompée), comparable à l’ Augusteum d’Herculanum et à l’Édifice d’Eumachia de Pompéi, jouxte une voie processionnelle qui permet d’accéder, par le biais d’un tunnel, au théâtre et à son probable sanctuaire qui le surmontait. En contrebas de la colline s’étend un quartier artisanal dans lequel a été mise en évidence une meunerie hydraulique (îlot du « nymphée »), rare exemple en Gaule d’un tel aménagement urbain. C’est donc un quartier où se côtoient activités religieuses et artisanales que se propose de restituer cette étude.
Allégories d'une nation dilacérée : le sertão de Glauber Rocha
Authors: Gomes Pereira Pedro Paulo 
Published: September 2010

Cet essai s’agit d’une géographie imaginative qui a modelé au Brésil une catégorie d’espace, le sertão , comme l’une des principales façons de définir la nation. La perspective sera ici celle de comprendre comment Le Dieu noir et le Diable blond [ Deus e o Diabo Na Terra do Sol ], de Glauber Rocha, a construit le sertão et comment ce sertão définit et projette le Brésil. Glauber Rocha a filmé à l’épicentre des contradictions qui existent dans l’affirmation du Brésil face à un autre extérieur et face à la présence d’ autres au sein de la nation, mais aussi dans la présence d’une pluralité de voix et de sujets historiques face aux agissements d’un Etat national qui planifie la diversité.
Devenirs de l'anthropophagie, du Brésil au Monde
Authors: Tible Jean 
Published: September 2010

Ouvrage où Giuseppe Cocco tente de penser les changements contemporains du travail, de l’emploi et de la production ainsi que la dichotomie nature/culture à partir du Brésil (et de la Bolivie) et d’une lecture du « perspectivisme amazonien » d’Eduardo Viveiros de Castro.
Maladresse des voix
Authors: Vanni Michel 
Published: September 2010

Résumé Quelles sont les conditions d’émergence d’une voix ? La voix s’inscrit dans des systèmes réglés qui autorisent son repérage, et déplace tout à la fois ces systèmes pour faire surgir des nominations partiellement inédites. C’est vers une politique de l’attention aux voix – et vers la militance qui correspond à cette politique – qu’entendent pointer les réflexions proposées ici, sous la forme d’une vingtaine de thèses commentées.
Differential Roles for Endothelial ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1 in Shear-Resistant T Cell Arrest, Polarization, and Directed Crawling on Blood–Brain Barrier Endothelium
Authors: Steiner Oliver , Coisne Caroline , Cecchelli Roméo , Boscacci Rémy , Deutsch Urban , Engelhardt Britta , Lyck Ruth 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Endothelial ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 were shown to be essential for T cell diapedesis across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro under static conditions. Crawling of T cells prior to diapedesis was only recently revealed to occur preferentially against the direction of blood flow on the endothelial surface of inflamed brain microvessels in vivo. Using live cell-imaging techniques, we prove that Th1 memory/effector T cells predominantly crawl against the direction of flow on the surface of BBB endothelium in vitro. Analysis of T cell interaction with wild-type, ICAM-1–deficient, ICAM-2–deficient, or ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 double-deficient primary mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells under physiological flow conditions allowed us to dissect the individual contributions of endothelial ICAM-1, ICAM-2, and VCAM-1 to shear-resistant T cell arrest, polarization, and crawling. Although T cell arrest was mediated by endothelial ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, T cell polarization and crawling were mediated by endothelial ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 but not by endothelial VCAM-1. Therefore, our data delineate a sequential involvement of endothelial ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in mediating shear-resistant T cell arrest, followed by endothelial ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 in mediating T cell crawling to sites permissive for diapedesis across BBB endothelium.
Deoxyuridine Triphosphate Incorporation during Somatic Hypermutation of Mouse VkOx Genes after Immunization with Phenyloxazolone
Authors: Roche Benjamin , Claës Aurélie , Rougeon François 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Somatic hypermutation (SHM) of Ig genes is the result of a two-phase process initiated by activation-induced cytidine deaminase, relying on two different strategies for the introduction of mutations at CG pairs (phase I) and at AT pairs (phase II). To explain the selectivity of phase II, two mechanisms were proposed: AT-selective error-prone DNA-polymerases, deoxyuridine triphosphate (dUTP) incorporation, or both. However, there has been no experimental evidence so far of the possible involvement of the latter. We have developed a ligation-anchored PCR method based on the formation of single-strand breaks at uracils. In this study, we show the presence of uracil in hypermutating VkOx genes in wild type (AID+/+) mice, demonstrating that dUTP incorporation via DNA polymerases could be a major mechanism in SHM. Thus, error-prone DNA polymerases would participate in SHM via low-fidelity replication and incorporation of dUTP.
NF-κB Activation Limits Airway Branching through Inhibition of Sp1-Mediated Fibroblast Growth Factor-10 Expression
Authors: Benjamin John T. , Carver Billy J. , Plosa Erin J. , Yamamoto Yasutoshi , Miller J. Davin , Liu Jin-Hua , van der Meer Riet , Blackwell Timothy S. , Prince Lawrence S. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a frequent complication of preterm birth. This chronic lung disease results from arrested saccular airway development and is most common in infants exposed to inflammatory stimuli. In experimental models, inflammation inhibits expression of fibroblast growth factor-10 (FGF-10) and impairs epithelial–mesenchymal interactions during lung development; however, the mechanisms connecting inflammatory signaling with reduced growth factor expression are not yet understood. In this study we found that soluble inflammatory mediators present in tracheal fluid from preterm infants can prevent saccular airway branching. In addition, LPS treatment led to local production of mediators that inhibited airway branching and FGF-10 expression in LPS-resistant C.C3-Tlr4Lpsd/J fetal mouse lung explants. Both direct NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) that activate NF-κB reduced FGF-10 expression, whereas chemokines that signal via other inflammatory pathways had no effect. Mutational analysis of the FGF-10 promoter failed to identify genetic elements required for direct NF-κB–mediated FGF-10 inhibition. Instead, NF-κB activation appeared to interfere with the normal stimulation of FGF-10 expression by Sp1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and nuclear coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that the RelA subunit of NF-κB and Sp1 physically interact at the FGF-10 promoter. These findings indicate that inflammatory signaling through NF-κB disrupts the normal expression of FGF-10 in fetal lung mesenchyme by interfering with the transcriptional machinery critical for lung morphogenesis.
Cutting Edge: NLRP12 Controls Dendritic and Myeloid Cell Migration To Affect Contact Hypersensitivity
Authors: Arthur Janelle C. , Lich John D. , Ye Zhengmao , Allen Irving C. , Gris Denis , Wilson Justin E. , Schneider Monika , Roney Kelly E. , O’Connor Brian P. , Moore Chris B. , Morrison Amy , Sutterwala Fayyaz S. , Bertin John , Koller Beverly H. , Liu Zhi , Ting Jenny P-Y. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are regulators of inflammation and immunity. Although first described 8 y ago, a physiologic role for NLRP12 has remained elusive until now. We find that murine Nlrp12, an NLR linked to atopic dermatitis and hereditary periodic fever in humans, is prominently expressed in dendritic cells (DCs) and neutrophils. Nlrp12-deficient mice exhibit attenuated inflammatory responses in two models of contact hypersensitivity that exhibit features of allergic dermatitis. This cannot be attributed to defective Ag processing/presentation, inflammasome activation, or measurable changes in other inflammatory cytokines. Rather, Nlrp12−/− DCs display a significantly reduced capacity to migrate to draining lymph nodes. Both DCs and neutrophils fail to respond to chemokines in vitro. These findings indicate that NLRP12 is important in maintaining neutrophils and peripheral DCs in a migration-competent state.
Cognitive and psycholinguistic skills of adults who are functionally illiterate: Current state of research and implications for adult education
Authors: Eme Elsa 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to review empirical studies that have investigated the cognitive and language skills of adults who are functionally illiterate (A‐IL), that is, individuals whose literacy skills are too low to meet the literacy demands of society, even though they have attended school and are not illiterate in the strictest sense of the term. Three questions are addressed: (1) What are the types of reading and spelling difficulties that characterize adults who are A‐IL? (2) Are their written language difficulties related to cognitive or language impairments which could explain their failure to learn? (3) What are the implications of these psychological findings for adult education? Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spacing effects in real‐world classroom vocabulary learning
Authors: Sobel Hailey S. , Cepeda Nicholas J. , Kapler Irina V. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAs a primary goal, educators often strive to maximize the amount of information pupils remember. In the lab, psychologists have found efficient memory strategies for retaining school‐related materials. One such strategy is the spacing effect, a memory advantage that occurs when learning is distributed across time instead of crammed into a single study session. Spaced learning is not often explicitly utilized in actual classrooms, perhaps due to a paucity of research in applied settings and with school‐aged children. The current study examined the spacing effect in real‐world fifth‐grade classrooms. We taught 39 children unfamiliar English words using both massed and spaced learning. Five weeks later, we tested vocabulary recall. One‐week spacing produced superior long‐term retention compared to massed learning. This finding demonstrates that the spacing effect can be generalized to vocabulary learning in applied settings and middle‐school‐aged children. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and preliminary validation of a meniscal symptom index
Authors: Niu Nina N. , Losina Elena , Martin Scott D. , Wright John , Solomon Daniel H. , Katz Jeffrey N. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveIn diagnosing symptomatic meniscal tear, clinicians often query patients with a “checklist” of symptoms such as “popping” or “catching.” There has been little research on the reliability or diagnostic value of these terms.MethodsWe developed questions to elicit the presence of 11 checklist symptoms associated with meniscal tear and administered a survey with both “checklist” and expanded descriptions to study subjects. We examined the reliability of the checklist and expanded versions of each item. Validity was evaluated in relation to the clinical diagnosis of symptomatic meniscal tear, which consisted of the clinical impression of the treating orthopedic surgeon based upon physical examination, history, and magnetic resonance imaging. We developed a Meniscal Symptom Index, calculated as the sum of those expanded descriptive items that were independently associated with symptomatic meniscal tear in multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 300 individuals (mean ± SD age 52 ± 12 years, 67% women) completed the survey. One hundred twenty‐one had symptomatic meniscal tear. Test–retest reliability was higher for expanded descriptions than for checklist items. The Meniscal Symptom Index consisted of 4 expanded items: localized pain, clicking, catching, and giving way. Among the subjects with none of these symptoms, 16% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2%, 30%) had symptomatic meniscal tear, whereas among those with all 4 symptoms, 76% (95% CI 63%, 88%) had symptomatic meniscal tear (P for trend = 0.0001).ConclusionClinicians should use expanded symptom definitions when querying patients about meniscal symptoms. A newly developed Meniscal Symptom Index holds promise as a diagnostic tool and merits further validation.
Double‐Network Interpenetrating Bone Cement via in situ Hybridization Protocol
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Changsheng , Liu Yufei , Zhang Shuo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA major obstacle to the development of a more efficient calcium phosphate bone cement (CPC) is its relatively low mechanical strength and susceptibility to brittle fracture. Herein, a series of dual‐setting hybrids have been developed based on the in situ crosslinking polymerization of glycidyl methacrylate derivatized dextran (Dex‐MA) and the synchronous hydration process of CPC. Such a strategy is highly desirable for bone regeneration and provides insight into hybrid cement designing. The structure and physical properties of the resulting hybrids are investigated. Compared with CPC, the initial setting time is shortened and may be modulated. As a result, the hybrid cement possesses characteristics of both of its components, and is tunable from stiff‐but‐not‐brittle to ductile‐but‐not‐soft depending on the composition of the double network. Introduction of the polymeric moiety does not obstruct the fundamental hydrating process of CPC. Due to the synergistic effect produced by the double‐network structure, the resulting hybrid has an optimal compressive strength of over 98.3 MPa. The mass ratio of the binary network and the size of apertures are shown to be key parameters for improving the compressive strength.
N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Reaction of Alkynyl Aldehydes with 1,3‐Keto Esters or 1,3‐Diketones
Authors: Zhu Zhi‐Qiang , Xiao Ji‐Chang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe N‐heterocyclic carbene‐catalyzed reaction of alkynyl aldehydes with 1,3‐keto esters or 1,3‐diketones has been studied. This protocol offers an entirely new, mild and atom‐economical access to highly functionalized 3,4‐dihydropyranones.
Longitudinal study of probable post‐traumatic stress disorder in firefighters exposed to the World Trade Center disaster
Authors: Berninger Amy , Webber Mayris P. , Niles Justin K. , Gustave Jackson , Lee Roy , Cohen Hillel W. , Kelly Kerry , Corrigan Malachy , Prezant David J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundSymptoms of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported even years after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (9/11).MethodsWe used screening tools to assess the prevalence of probable PTSD in 9/11‐exposed firefighters at two time points, within 6 months of 9/11 (baseline) and 3–4 years post‐disaster (follow‐up).ResultsFive thousand six hundred fifty‐six individuals completed assessments at both times. 15.5% reported probable PTSD post‐9/11, 8.6% at baseline and 11.1% at follow‐up, on average 2.9 (SD 0.5) years later. Analyses revealed that nearly half of all probable PTSD occurred as delayed onset (absent baseline, present follow‐up). Compared with the resilient group (no probable PTSD at either time), probable PTSD at baseline, and delayed onset at follow‐up were each associated with concomitant functional impairment (OR 19.5 and 18.9), respectively.ConclusionSimilar percentages of firefighters met criteria for baseline and delayed onset probable PTSD at follow‐up, years later. Both were associated with substantial functional impairment. Early risk identification could provide opportunities for mental health interventions before symptoms compromise work and social relationships. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1177–1185, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A review of statutory medical examinations in Asian‐Pacific countries
Authors: Wong Tze Wai , Wong Andromeda H.S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundStatutory medical examinations (SME) are practiced worldwide to promote workers' health. We reviewed SME legislation and enforcement in the rapidly industrializing Asia‐Pacific, compared these with laws in Europe and America, and identified areas for further development.MethodsInformation on SME in 13 Asian‐Pacific countries was collected by a questionnaire survey of occupational health (OH) experts from each country, supplemented by a literature and Internet search.ResultsSME laws were diverse throughout the Asia‐Pacific, and were either selective or comprehensive, depending on the countries' legal systems. Common problems included manpower shortage, high costs and lack of awareness of SME. This resulted in poor compliance, which was broadly associated with the level of socio‐economic development.ConclusionsEducating the public on OH issues would address compliance problems, as would the training and efficient deployment of OH professionals. The development of management systems and regional standards would encourage a harmonized approach towards SME. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:78–88, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Risk factors for foot and ankle disorders among assembly plant workers
Authors: Werner Robert A. , Gell Nancy , Hartigan Anne , Wiggermann Neal , Keyserling W. Monroe 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBackgroundJobs that necessitate prolonged standing and walking activities are commonly associated with worker's complaints of foot and ankle pain. The objective of this study was to determine the relative contributions of work activity (time spent standing, walking, or sitting), floor surface characteristics, weight, BMI, age, foot biomechanics, and other demographic and medical history factors to the prevalence of foot and ankle disorders.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study design was used to evaluate employees of an engine manufacturing plant. The main outcome variable was foot or ankle disorders defined by pain and a positive physical examination. The independent variables included baseline demographics, medical history, ergonomic exposures, psychosocial factors, shoe characteristics and foot biomechanics.ResultsTwenty‐four percent of the cohort met the case definition of foot/ankle disorder with 10% defined as new cases. Fifty‐two percent had symptoms of foot/ankle. An increased risk of presenting with foot/ankle disorders was associated with high metatarsal pressure on gait assessment, increased time spent walking, female gender, reported high job dissatisfaction, a history of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis or vascular disorder. For the truck/forklift drivers, an increased number of times getting in and out of the vehicle was associated with a higher prevalence of ankle/foot problems.ConclusionsAn increased risk is associated with higher metatarsal pressure and increased time spent walking. These findings suggest several options for primary and secondary prevention strategies. The use of shoe orthoses with a medial longitudinal arch and metatarsal pad as well as including optional sit/stand workstations may be helpful. Am. J. Ind. Med. 53:1233–1239, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.