bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of preoperative CT enhancement rate and CT perfusion parameters in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Ze-mao , Zhou Wei , Feng Li , Zhang Hui-ying , Chen Wei-bin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Angiogenesis is a critical step in colorectal cancer growth, progression and metastasization. CT are routine imaging examinations for preoperative clinical evaluation in colorectal cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of preoperative CT enhancement rate (CER) and CT perfusion parameters on angiogenesis in colorectal cancer, as well as the association of preoperative CER and CT perfusion parameters with serum markers.

Methods
This retrospective analysis included 42 patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma. Median of microvessel density (MVD) as the cut-off value, it divided 42 patients into high-density group (MVD ≥ 35/field, n = 24) and low-density group (MVD < 35/field, n = 18), and 25 patients with benign colorectal lesions were collected as the control group. Statistical analysis of CER, CT perfusion parameters, serum markers were performed in all groups. Receiver operating curves (ROC) were plotted to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of relevant CT perfusion parameters for tumor angiogenesis; Pearson correlation analysis explored potential association between CER, CT perfusion parameters and serum markers.

Results
CER, blood volume (BV), blood flow (BF), permeability surface (PS) and carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in colorectal adenocarcinoma were significantly higher than those in the control group, the parameters in high-density group were significantly higher than those in the low-density group (P < 0.05); however, the time to peak (TTP) of patients in colorectal adenocarcinoma were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the high-density group showed a significantly lower level compared to the low-density group (P < 0.05). The combined parameters BF + TTP + PS and BV + BF + TTP + PS demonstrated the highest area under the curve (AUC), both at 0.991. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum levels of CA19-9, CA125, CEA, TFF3, and VEGF in patients showed positive correlations with CER, BV, BF, and PS (P < 0.05), while these indicators exhibited negative correlations with TTP (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Some single and joint preoperative CT perfusion parameters can accurately predict tumor angiogenesis in colorectal adenocarcinoma. Preoperative CER and CT perfusion parameters have certain association with serum markers.
The prevalence and severity of upper gastrointestinal complications among patients with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study from Palestine
Authors: Al Ramahi Rowa , Tumeh Deema 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Many old people have at least one chronic disease. As a result, multiple drugs should be used. Gastrointestinal complications may occur because of the harmful effects of these chronic drugs on the stomach. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal complications in patients taking chronic medications, the severity of these symptoms, and whether they take any gastro-protective drugs or not.

Methodology
This was a cross-sectional study through face-to-face questionnaires from internal outpatient clinics at a specialized hospital. Patients with chronic diseases who were taking at least one chronic medication were included in the study. Data Collection Form was used to gather information. The Short-Form Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (SF-LDQ) was used to evaluate the severity of the upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.

Results
A total of 400 patients with chronic diseases and using multiple medications were included. Among them, 53.8% were females and 56% were married, 58.5% were unemployed, 70% were not smokers, the mean age was 54.7 ± 17.5 years. The most common comorbid diseases among the patients were diabetes, hypertension, and arthritis, with percentages of 44.3%, 38%, and 27.3%, respectively. The mean number of chronic medications used was 3.36 ± 1.6 with a range of 1 to 9. The most commonly used was aspirin with a percentage of 50%, followed by atorvastatin, bisoprolol, and insulin with percentages of 29.5%, 25%, and 20.3%, respectively. Among the 400 participants, 362 (90.5%) suffered from upper gastrointestinal side effects like indigestion (65.8%), heartburn (78.3%), nausea (48.8%), and regurgitation (52.0%). Based on SF-LDQ scoring, of the 400 respondents, 235(58.8%), 109(27.3%) and 18(4.5%) suffered from mild, moderate and severe dyspepsia, respectively. A high percentage 325 (81.3%) of participants were prescribed gastro-protective medications. Proton pump inhibitors were the most prescribed group in 209 (52.3%) patients. Dyspepsia was significantly associated with older age (p-value = 0.001), being educated (p-value = 0.031), not being single (p-value < 0.001), having health insurance (p-value = 0.021), being a smoker (p-value = 0.003), and using ≥ 5 medications (p-value < 0.001).

Conclusion
Upper gastrointestinal complications among patients with chronic diseases were very common. Fortunately, the symptoms were mild in most cases. The risk increased with age and using a higher number of medications. It is important to review patients’ medications and avoid overuse of them, in addition to use gastro-protective agents when needed.
Role of probiotic as adjuvant in treating various infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nelwan Erni Juwita , Herdiman Allerma , Kalaij Ayers Gilberth Ivano , Lauditta Richella Khansa , Yusuf Syarif Maulana , Suarthana Eva 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Research on the advantages of probiotics has attracted increasing interest based on the number of publications, products, and public awareness of their benefits. This review evaluated the role of probiotics (single and multiple regimens) as an additional regimen to treat common infectious diseases, including Helicobacter. pylori, diarrheal infections, urinary tract infections (UTIs), upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs), and HIV infections.

Methods
We searched randomized controlled trials from PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane and identified 6,950 studies. Duplicates were removed, and titles and abstracts were filtered. Bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for Randomized Trials (ROB 1.0 and 2.0). The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Data were extracted and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan.

Results
A total of 32 studies were included in this study (22 H. pylori studies, 2 diarrheal infection studies, 6 UTI studies, and 2 HIV infection studies). There was no study on URTI. Probiotics, in addition to primary treatment, could improve the eradication of H. pylori versus the control (RR: 1.09; 95% CI:1.04 − 1.13, p value = 0.001) and achieve a cure range of Nugent score in UTI patients (RR 1.38; 95% CI: 1.01 − 1.89, p value = 0.04). For eradicating H. pylori infection, subgroup analysis based on the therapy regimen showed that standard triple therapy was slightly superior compared to quadruple therapy in eradicating H. pylori (RR: 1.14 vs. 1.01, respectively). Single strain probiotics showed a similar effect to multiple strain probiotic regimens (both had an RR of 1.09). The effect estimates of the use of single strain probiotics as adjuvant therapy in eradicating H. pylori and the use of probiotics in UTI had a high certainty of evidence. Meta-analysis was not performed for infectious diarrheal because there were only two eligible studies with different probiotic supplementations and outcome parameters. Nonetheless, they showed that the diarrheal incidence was lower and complete remission of diarrheal was higher after the regimen of probiotics. Similarly, a meta-analysis was not performed for HIV infection because the two eligible studies used different designs and comparators with contradicting findings.

Conclusion
This meta-analysis showed beneficial use of single strain probiotics as adjuvant therapy in eradicating H. pylori and the use of probiotics in UTI. Probiotic supplementation might not be beneficial for patients given a quadruple therapy. Single-strain and multi-strain probiotic regimens had similar effects in increasing the eradication rate of H. pylori. Our study also suggested that the benefits of probiotics as an additional regimen in infectious diarrheal and HIV infections remain unclear; more studies are needed to confirm the benefits.
The relationship between perioperative serum albumin and contrast-induced acute kidney injury in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Wang Dong , Yan Gaoliang , Qiao Yong , Sun Renhua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a common complication in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Studies have shown that perioperative serum albumin levels may play a role in the occurrence of CI-AKI. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of perioperative serum albumin (delta albumin or &Alb) levels on the occurrence and long-term prognosis of CI-AKI patients after PCI.

Methods
A total of 959 patients who underwent PCI between January 2017 and January 2019 were selected for this study. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine the optimal cut-off value of the &Alb level for predicting CI-AKI after PCI. Patients were divided into two groups based on the optimal cut-off value: the high &Alb group (&Alb ≥ 4.55 g/L) and the control group (&Alb < 4.55 g/L). The incidences of CI-AKI and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs, including all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization) were compared between the groups. Cox regression analysis was used to identify predictors of long-term prognosis after PCI.

Results
Of the 959 patients, 147 (15.3%) developed CI-AKI after PCI. The CI-AKI group had a greater level of &Alb than did the non-CI-AKI group [(6.14 (3.90–9.10) versus 3.48 (4.31–6.57), P < 0.01)]. The incidence of CI-AKI in the high &Alb group was significantly greater than that in the low group (23.6% versus 8.3%, P < 0.01). After a 1-year follow-up, the incidence of MACEs was significantly greater in the high &Alb group than in the low group (18.6% versus 14.5%, P = 0.030). Cox regression analysis confirmed that CI-AKI was an independent predictor of MACEs at the 1-year follow-up (HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.04–1.96, P = 0.028). In addition, patients with low preoperative serum albumin levels had s significantly greater incidence of MACEs than did those with high preoperative serum albumin levels (23.2% versus 19.5%, P = 0.013).

Conclusion
In summary, high baseline &Alb levels are an independent risk factor for CI-AKI in patients after PCI. The occurrence of CI-AKI in the perioperative period is also an independent predictor of long-term prognosis after PCI. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring &Alb levels and taking steps to prevent CI-AKI in patients undergoing PCI.
Impact of disrespectful maternity care on childbirth complications: a multicentre cross-sectional study in Ethiopia
Authors: Yohannes Ephrem , Moti Gonfa , Gelan Gemechu , Creedy Debra K. , Gabriel Laura , Hastie Carolyn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Globally, disrespectful, and abusive childbirth practices negatively impact women’s health, create barriers to accessing health facilities, and contribute to poor birth experiences and adverse outcomes for both mothers and newborns. However, the degree to which disrespectful maternity care is associated with complications during childbirth is poorly understood, particularly in Ethiopia.

Aim
To determine the extent to which disrespectful maternity care is associated with maternal and neonatal-related complications in central Ethiopia.

Methods
A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted in the West Shewa Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia. The sample size was determined using the single population proportion formula. Participants (n = 440) were selected with a simple random sampling technique using computer-generated random numbers. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with a pretested questionnaire and were entered into Epidata and subsequently exported to STATA version 17 for the final analysis. Analyses included descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and an odds ratio (OR) of 0.05. Co-founders were controlled by adjusting for maternal sociodemographic characteristics. The primary exposure was disrespectful maternity care; the main outcomes were maternal and neonatal-related complications.

Results
Disrespectful maternity care was reported by 344 women (78.2%) [95% CI: 74–82]. Complications were recorded in one-third of mothers (33.4%) and neonates (30%). Disrespectful maternity care was significantly associated with maternal (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI: 1.29, 3.8) and neonatal-related complications (AOR = 2.78, 95% CI: 1.54, 5.04).

Conclusion
The World Health Organization advocates respectful maternal care during facility-based childbirth to improve the quality of care and outcomes. However, the findings of this study indicated high mistreatment and abuse during childbirth in central Ethiopia and a significant association between such mistreatment and the occurrence of both maternal and neonatal complications during childbirth. Therefore, healthcare professionals ought to prioritise respectful maternity care to achieve improved birth outcomes and alleviate mistreatment and abuse within the healthcare sector.
Exploring shared decision-making needs in lung cancer screening among high-risk groups and health care providers in China: a qualitative study
Authors: Lin Xiujing , Wang Fangfang , Li Yonglin , Lei Fang , Chen Weisheng , Arbing Rachel H. , Chen Wei-Ti , Huang Feifei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The intricate balance between the advantages and risks of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) impedes the utilization of lung cancer screening (LCS). Guiding shared decision-making (SDM) for well-informed choices regarding LCS is pivotal. There has been a notable increase in research related to SDM. However, these studies possess limitations. For example, they may ignore the identification of decision support and needs from the perspective of health care providers and high-risk groups. Additionally, these studies have not adequately addressed the complete SDM process, including pre-decisional needs, the decision-making process, and post-decision experiences. Furthermore, the East-West divide of SDM has been largely ignored. This study aimed to explore the decisional needs and support for shared decision-making for LCS among health care providers and high-risk groups in China.

Methods
Informed by the Ottawa Decision-Support Framework, we conducted qualitative, face-to-face in-depth interviews to explore shared decision-making among 30 lung cancer high-risk individuals and 9 health care providers. Content analysis was used for data analysis.

Results
We identified 4 decisional needs that impair shared decision-making: (1) LCS knowledge deficit; (2) inadequate supportive resources; (3) shared decision-making conceptual bias; and (4) delicate doctor-patient bonds. We identified 3 decision supports: (1) providing information throughout the LCS process; (2) providing shared decision-making decision coaching; and (3) providing decision tools.

Conclusions
This study offers valuable insights into the decisional needs and support required to undergo LCS among high-risk individuals and perspectives from health care providers. Future studies should aim to design interventions that enhance the quality of shared decision-making by offering LCS information, decision tools for LCS, and decision coaching for shared decision-making (e.g., through community nurses). Simultaneously, it is crucial to assess individuals’ needs for effective deliberation to prevent conflicts and regrets after arriving at a decision.
Fbxo45 facilitates the malignant progression of breast cancer by targeting Bim for ubiquitination and degradation
Authors: Zheng Mengmeng , Wu Linfeng , Xiao Rongyao , Cai Jiaohao , Chen Weike , Shen Shurong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer is one of the common malignancies in women. Evidence has demonstrated that FBXO45 plays a pivotal role in oncogenesis and progression. However, the role of FBXO45 in breast tumorigenesis remains elusive. Exploration of the regulatory mechanisms of FBXO45 in breast cancer development is pivotal for potential therapeutic interventions in patients with breast cancer.

Methods
Hence, we used numerous approaches to explore the functions of FBXO45 and its underlaying mechanisms in breast cancer pathogenesis, including CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, colony formation analysis, apoptosis assay, RT-PCR, Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, ubiquitination assay, and cycloheximide chase assay.

Results
We found that downregulation of FBXO45 inhibited cell proliferation, while upregulation of FBXO45 elevated cell proliferation in breast cancer. Silencing of FBXO45 induced cell apoptosis, whereas overexpression of FBXO45 inhibited cell apoptosis in breast cancer. Moreover, FBXO45 interacted with BIM and regulated its ubiquitination and degradation. Furthermore, knockdown of FBXO45 inhibited cell proliferation via regulation of BIM pathway. Notably, overexpression of FBXO45 facilitated tumor growth in mice. Strikingly, FBXO45 expression was associated with poor survival of breast cancer patients.

Conclusion
Our study could provide the rational for targeting FBXO45 to obtain benefit for breast cancer patients. Altogether, modulating FBXO45/Bim axis could be a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy.
Predictive nomograms based on gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to prealbumin ratio for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients without microvascular invasion
Authors: Ma Mingxiu , Xie Kailing , Jin Tianqiang , Xu Feng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) presents a significant threat to individuals and healthcare systems due to its high recurrence rate. Accurate prognostic models are essential for improving patient outcomes. Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and prealbumin (PA) are biomarkers closely related to HCC. This study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the GGT to PA ratio (GPR) and to construct prognostic nomograms for HCC patients without microvascular invasion.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed data from 355 HCC patients who underwent radical hepatectomy at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between December 2012 and January 2021. Patients were randomly assigned to a training cohort (n = 267) and a validation cohort (n = 88). The linearity of GPR was assessed using restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and the optimal cut-off value was determined by X-tile. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were used to investigate the associations between GPR and both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Cox multivariate regression analysis identified independent risk factors, enabling the construction of nomograms. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were used to evaluate the accuracy of the nomograms. Decision curve analysis (DCA) assessed the predictive value of the models.

Results
Patients were categorized into GPR-low and GPR-high groups based on a GPR value of 333.33. Significant differences in PFS and OS were observed between the two groups (both P < 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis identified GPR as an independent risk factor for both PFS (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.24–2.60, P = 0.002) and OS (OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.07–3.26, P = 0.029). The nomograms demonstrated good predictive performance, with C-index values of 0.69 for PFS and 0.76 for OS. Time-dependent ROC curves and calibration curves revealed the accuracy of the models in both the training and validation cohorts, with DCA results indicating notable clinical value.

Conclusions
GPR emerged as an independent risk factor for both OS and PFS in HCC patients without microvascular invasion. The nomograms based on GPR demonstrated relatively robust predictive efficiency for prognosis.
Spiroplasma infection as a cause of severe congenital keratouveitis, cataract and glaucoma
Authors: Van Haecke Helena , Roels Dimitri , Nerinckx Fanny , Schaballie Heidi , Schelstraete Petra , Vandekerckhove Linos , Van Cleemput Jolien , Van den Broeck Wim , Couck Liesbeth , Hamerlinck Hannelore , Vandendriessche Stien , Boelens Jerina , Joniau Inge 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Only seven cases of ocular Spiroplasma infection have been reported to date, all presenting as congenital cataracts with concomitant intraocular inflammation. We describe the first case of Spiroplasma infection initially presenting as a corneal infiltrate.

Case presentation
A 1-month-old girl was referred for a corneal infiltrate in the left eye. She presented in our hospital with unilateral keratouveitis. Examination showed a stromal corneal infiltrate and dense white keratic precipitates in the left eye. Herpetic keratouveitis was suspected and intravenous acyclovir therapy was initiated. Two weeks later, the inflammation in the left eye persisted and was also noticed in the right eye. Acute angle-closure glaucoma and a cataract with dilated iris vessels extending onto the anterior lens capsule developed in the left eye. The inflammation resolved after treatment with azithromycin. Iridectomy, synechiolysis and lensectomy were performed. Bacterial metagenomic sequencing (16 S rRNA) and transmission electron microscopy revealed Spiroplasma ixodetis species in lens aspirates and biopsy. Consequently, a diagnosis of bilateral Spiroplasma uveitis was made.

Conclusions
In cases of congenital cataract with concomitant intraocular inflammation, Spiroplasma infection should be considered. The purpose of this case report is to raise awareness of congenital Spiroplasma infection as a cause of severe keratouveitis, cataract and angle-closure glaucoma in newborns. Performing molecular testing on lens aspirates is essential to confirm diagnosis. Systemic macrolides are suggested as the mainstay of treatment.
“An unprecedented occurrence: a case report of pulmonary hypertension manifestation in Donohue syndrome”
Authors: Hashim Ahmed Shamil , Al-Obaidi Mustafa Najah , Al-Obaidi Ahmed Dheyaa , Saleh Saleh Abdulkareem , Hashim Hashim Talib , Al Saeedi Mina , Ataallah Basma 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Donohue syndrome (DS), also referred to as leprechaunism, is a remarkably uncommon autosomal recessive disorder that primarily affects the endocrine system. Its incidence rate is exceedingly low, with only 1 case reported per 4 million live births. The syndrome is distinguished by a series of characteristic clinical features.

Case presentation
We present a case of a twenty-month-old male with DS who experienced a range of dysmorphic and clinical features with the involvement of multiple systems. These features include skin hyperpigmentation, hypertrichosis, distinct facial features, abdominal distension, and microcephaly, with the involvement of the endocrine, renal, respiratory, and cardiac systems.

Conclusion
The primary features of DS involve severe insulin resistance and growth abnormalities, the association with pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) has not been reported before. This finding adds more complexity to the condition. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first report for a patient with DS who has PHTN. Further investigation is required since the mechanisms behind the development of PHTN in DS are not entirely understood. Shedding light on this association will contribute to better management strategies and outcomes for affected patients.