bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Late Holocene environmental conditions in Coronation Gulf, southwestern Canadian Arctic Archipelago: evidence from dinoflagellate cysts, other non‐pollen palynomorphs, and pollen
Authors: Pieńkowski Anna J. , Mudie Peta J. , England John H. , Smith John N. , Furze Mark F. A. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBoxcore 99LSSL‐001 (68.095° N, 114.186° W; 211 m water depth) from Coronation Gulf represents the first decadal‐scale marine palynology and late Holocene sediment record for the southwestern part of the Northwest Passage. The record was studied for organic‐walled microfossils (dinoflagellate cysts, non‐pollen palynomorphs), pollen, terrestrial spores, and sediment characteristics. 210Pb, 137Cs, and three accelerator mass spectrometry 14C dates constrain the chronology. Three prominent palaeoenvironmental zones were identified. During the interval AD 1470–1680 (Zone I), the climate was warmer and wetter than at present, and environmental conditions were more favourable to biological activity and northward boreal forest migration, with reduced sea‐ice and a longer open‐water (growing) season. The interval AD 1680–1940 (Zone II) records sea‐ice increase, and generally cool, polar conditions during the Little Ice Age. During AD 1940–2000 (Zone III), organic microfossils indicate an extended open‐water season and decreased sea‐ice, with suggested amelioration surpassing that of Zone I. Although more marine studies are needed to place this record into an appropriate context, the succession from ameliorated (Zone I) to cooler, sea‐ice influenced conditions (Zone II) and finally to 20th‐century warming (Zone III) corresponds well with several terrestrial climatic records from the neighbouring mainland and Victoria Island, and with lower‐resolution marine records to the west. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A CPW‐fed slot antenna with embedded ring‐type strip for dual‐frequency operation
Authors: Chiang Meng‐Ju , Wei Chia‐Yen , Bor Sheau‐Shong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe coplanar waveguide‐fed planar slot antenna with the embedded ring‐type strip for dual‐frequency operation is investigated and experimentally explores in this letter. The prototype, which is implemented on the 0.8‐mm FR‐4 substrate with εr = 4.4, indicates that the embedded ring‐type strip offers extended path for the electric current flow, achieving 45.1% size reduction of the fundamental resonant mode. The ratio of the center frequencies of the first two resonant bands can be tuned within a range wider than 1.81 by increasing the radius and line width of ring‐type strip. Furthermore, the fundamental resonant mode can be shifted to the higher frequency to combine with the second resonant mode of the circular slot, indicating the wideband operation with the bandwidth of 1332 MHz (40.5%). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2882–2887, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26370
Design of miniaturized broadband and high gain metamaterial patch antenna
Authors: Liu Tao , Cao Xiang‐Yu , Gao Jun , Yang Qun , Li Wen‐Qiang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA miniaturized broad bandwidth and high‐gain patch antenna was designed and fabricated using the metamaterial concept via the pattern‐etched upper patch and bottom ground plane in this article. Due to the left‐handed transmission characteristics, the wave propagation along the patch induces the strongest radiation in horizontal direction instead of the vertical direction of the conventional patch antenna. It is shown to have great impact on the antenna performance enhancement in terms of the resonant center frequency obviously reduced about 36.4%, the bandwidth significantly broadened from about 2.9% to about 39.9%, and also in terms of low voltage standing wave ratio. Experimental data show a reasonably good agreement between the simulation and measured results. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2893–2896, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26383
Microwave transmission characteristics of electromagnetic crystals with modified diamond lattice
Authors: Yuan Zhi‐Hui , Li Di‐Chen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractMicrowave transmission characteristics of electromagnetic crystals with normal and stretched sphere diamond lattice structures were investigated experimentally. Three‐dimensional stretched structures were designed using a CAD program to form band‐gaps in the GHz range. Diamond lattices were stretched linearly and nonlinearly in the direction 〈100〉. Electromagnetic crystals with lattice modification were fabricated by means of stereolithography (SL) and gelcasting process using aluminum‐oxide ceramic successfully and their microwave properties were measured by network analyzer and a rectangular waveguide system. Compared with the normal diamond structure, the microwave properties of the electromagnetic crystals containing stretched lattices have some regular changes depending on the stretched structures and the material filling ratio. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2809–2811, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26384
A compact broadband MIMO antenna for mobile handset applications
Authors: Zhou Xiang , Li RongLin , Jin Guiping , Tentzeris M. M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA compact planar broadband multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna, which has a good performance under MIMO situations with low mutual coupling (<−11 dB) and low correlation coefficient (≤−15 dB) is presented. The antenna operates a very wide band with good impedance matching (S11 <−10 dB), covering the LTE band 33–37 and 39–40. The elements are mounted on the same side of ground plane with the inter‐element space of 32 mm. The total size of the array is compact (50 mm × 67.2 mm × 0.254 mm), suitable for mobile handset applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2773–2776, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26386
A spice model for multiconductor microstrip lines excited by an incident plane wave
Authors: Zhang Wei , Du Zhengwei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis article presents a SPICE model to analyze the terminal response of multiconductor microstrip lines excited by an incident plane wave. The analysis is based on multiconductor transmission line equations with the quasi‐TEM propagation mode approximation on microstrip lines and an accurate calculation of electromagnetic fields in the air/dielectric medium. The proposed SPICE model can be directly used for both the time‐domain and frequency‐domain analyzes and allows incorporating nonlinear and time‐varying loads. Several cases with an arbitrary plane wave incidence are simulated by using the proposed SPICE model. The results are in good agreement with those obtained using the Baum‐Liu‐Tesche equations model and full‐wave analysis simulator (by CST Microwave Studio Software). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2754–2761, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26396
Design of dualband antenna for IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n applications
Authors: Zhang Yabin 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis letter provides a design of 2.4–2.5 GHz/5–6 GHz dualband antenna for IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n applications. The antenna has ultra small planar structure and dimension is 25 × 10 × 1 mm3. For verifying the proposed design, the prototype antenna was fabricated and measured. The measured data indicate that the design is successful and applicable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 2890–2893, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26399
A method to improve radiation efficiency by using a slot on a ground plane
Authors: Lee Seung‐Jun , Seo Jae‐Min , Kim Young‐Sik 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this letter, a planar inverted‐F antenna with a slot on a ground is proposed to improve the antenna radiation efficiency at the CDMA band of 824–894 MHz. In this configuration, the electric fields are more confined to the inverted‐F section and the end‐point of the ground. The measured results show that the radiation efficiencies of the proposed antenna are improved by up to 16.8% and that the radiation patterns are similar to those of the antenna without a slot. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:3001–3003, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26401
Modified cylindrical dielectric resonators excited with loaded fork monopole antenna
Authors: Khalily M. , Rahim M. K. A. , Kamarudin M. R. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel hybrid dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) excited by a printed monopole antenna is proposed and implemented. This new microstrip‐fed fork‐like stepped monopole antenna is designed to obtain a wide impedance bandwidth from 2 to 6 GHz. A quad‐band characteristic is achieved by incorporating two modified cylindrical dielectric resonators with a high dielectric constant of 80, on top of the monopole exciter. Measured results demonstrated that the proposed DRA can be used in multiband wireless operations, covering GSM, PCS, UMTS, WLAN, and WiMax systems, from 1.75 to 5.85 GHz. Experimental and simulation results show a good agreement. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2887–2890, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26407
Compact monopole antenna with two bands—notched characteristic for ultra‐wideband applications
Authors: Naser‐Moghadasi M. , Gotolo S.Faraji , Dadashzadeh G. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this article, we present a novel small ultra‐wideband microstrip‐fed planar monopole antenna composed of a hexagonal patch, a truncated stub, a step ground structure, and a conductor back plane in the shape of a window. Impedance bandwidth of the proposed antenna is ∼136% with voltage‐standing wave ratio <2 in the frequency range of 2.7–14.3 GHz over an UWB frequency range that satisfies FCC's requirements for an antenna. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2817–2821, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26409
Design of a compact patch antenna using split‐ring resonator embedded substrate
Authors: Zhao Xing , Lee Youngki , Choi Jaehoon 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this article, a compact patch antenna using split‐ring resonators (SRRs) is proposed.To reduce the size of a conventional patch antenna, the SRRs are inserted between the main patch and ground. The size reduction is achieved by utilizing the high equivalent permeability characteristics of the proposed structure. The resonance frequency of the antenna shifts from 6.6 to 4.67 GHz without changing the fractional bandwidth and the gain characteristic. A size reduction of 29.3% is achieved, and a maximum gain of 4.84 dBi is obtained. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2786–2790, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26411
Configurable ink‐jet‐printed RFID tag on paper substrate for low cost and green applications
Authors: Shao Botao , Chen Qiang , Liu Ran , Zheng Li‐Rong 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe letter presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of a configurable radio frequency identification (RFID) tag based on time‐domain reflections. The tag circuit contains a microstrip line (ML) that propagates radio frequency (RF) signals, and a group of capacitors that introduce impedance discontinuities to encode binary codes. The configurability of the tag circuit is allowed by connecting the nearby‐placed capacitors with the ML. Ink‐jet printing technology is employed to implement the layout of the proposed tag on paper substrate. To overcome the limitations of printed metallic tracks, a linearly tapering technique is proposed. With this technique, a four‐bit configurable passive chipless RFID tag is realized. Both time‐domain reflectometry (TDR) measurements and ultrawideband (UWB) characterizations were conducted for the proposed tag, and the results are in good consistence with the simulation ones from the circuit simulator advanced design system (ADS). Owing to its low cost fabrication and environmentally friendly nature, the proposed tag has great potential to be widely employed in low‐end RFID applications. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2781–2786, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26412
On the design of inscribed pentagonal‐cut fractal antenna for ultra wideband applications
Authors: Kumar Raj , Chaubey Prem Narayan 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe article presents the CPW‐feed inscribed pentagonal‐cut fractal antenna. This planar monopole antenna has been designed on low cost FR4 substrate of εr = 4.3 and thickness h = 1.53 mm. The proposed antenna has been fabricated with optimized dimension. The experimental result of this antenna exhibits the ultra wideband from 2.5 to 15 GHz. The antenna has been simulated using EM simulator based on finite element method. The experimental and simulated results are in good agreement. The radiation patterns of this antenna are omnidirectional in H‐plane and bidirectional in E‐plane, respectively. The measured group delay is almost flat throughout the band. This antenna can be useful for UWB system, microwave imaging and vehicular radar. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2828–2830, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26415
Optical amplification based on slow light effects in the photonic crystal waveguide
Authors: Zhang Yejin , Zheng Wanhua , Qi Aiyi , Qu Hongwei , Chen Lianghui 
Published: September 2011

AbstractOptical amplification is demonstrated in a slab photonic crystal waveguide (PCW). Nonlinear dispersive gain FDTD and traveling‐wave rate equation method (TWRE) are used to design a photonic crystal semiconductor optical amplifier (PC‐SOA). Optical amplification based on slow light of PCW can be obtained not only in theory but also in experiment. In the C band, the gain of more than 10 dB is obtained in a 20‐μm long PC‐SOA sample. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2997–3001, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26419
Wide‐locking range ÷3 active‐inductor injection‐locked frequency divider using the push–push oscillator
Authors: Chang Chia‐Wei , Jang Sheng‐Lyang , Hsieh Chao‐Wei 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA new wide locking range active‐inductor divide‐by‐3 injection‐locked frequency divider (ILFD) using a standard 0.18‐μm CMOS process is presented.The push–push ILFD circuit is realized with a push–push cross‐coupled n‐core MOS LC‐tank oscillator. The core power consumption of the ILFD core is 7.41 mW. The divider's free‐running frequency is tunable from 1.39 to 3.18 GHz by tuning the varactor's control bias, and at the incident power of 0 dBm the maximum locking range is 2.9 GHz (43.6%), from the incident frequency 5.2 to 8.1 GHz. The operation range is 5.9 GHz (80.27%), from 4.4 to 10.3 GHz. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2771–2773, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26426
Modeling and imaging of biomechanical properties of breast using microwave pulses
Authors: Abbosh A. M. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA closed‐form theoretical model for the biomechanical properties of breast tissues under the influence of external pressure is derived and validated. That model is employed in a microwave imaging method that aims at extracting the three‐dimensional biomechanical properties of breast. The high contrast in the biomechanical properties between healthy and malignant tissues represents the basis of the presented imaging method. In this method, the breast is inserted in an enclosure that has an array of ultrawideband (UWB) antennas embedded in the upper movable plate of the enclosure. Each of those antennas transmits an UWB pulse towards the breast and measure the backscattered pulse before and after compressing the breast by a controlled force applied at the top of the movable plate. A sliding‐window cross‐correlation is used to get a three‐dimensional strain image of the breast. As lesion tissue is much stiffer than the normal breast tissues the regions of zero strain indicate areas of suspected tumor. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2761–2765, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26440
Printed Yagi–Uda array for on‐body communication channels at 60 GHz
Authors: Wu X. Y. , Akhoondzadeh‐Asl L. , Hall P. S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA novel low‐profile high‐gain, end‐fire Yagi–Uda antenna array designed for an on‐body communication link at 60 GHz is described. The antenna consists of four single Yagi antennas, which is composed of a driven dipole, 18 directors, and a reflector. Simulation and measurement in free space show a good agreement, and 15 dBi gain is achieved. Measurements with a body tissue phantom have been done to investigate the antenna's performance in close proximity to the human body. Results show that the reflection coefficient changes a little, whereas the radiation pattern in the H plane is affected. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 53:2728–2730, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26443
Considerations on what constitutes a ‘qualified statistician’ in regulatory guidelines
Authors: Gerlinger Christoph , Edler Lutz , Friede Tim , Kieser Meinhard , Nakas Christos T , Schumacher Martin , Seldrup Jørgen , Victor Norbert 
Published: September 2011

International regulatory guidelines require that a ‘qualified statistician’ takes responsibility for the statistical aspects of a clinical trial used for drug licensing. No consensus on what constitutes a ‘qualified statistician’ appears to have been developed so far.The International Society for Clinical Biostatistics is issuing this reflection paper in order to stimulate a discussion on the concept. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Statechartable Petri nets
Authors: Eshuis Rik 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Petri nets and statecharts can model concurrent systems in a succinct way. While translations from statecharts to Petri nets exist, a well-defined translation from Petri nets to statecharts is lacking. Such a translation should map an input net to a corresponding statechart, having a structure and behaviour similar to that of the input net. Since statecharts can only model a restricted form of concurrency, not every Petri net has a corresponding statechart. We identify a class of Petri nets, called statechartable nets, that can be translated to corresponding statecharts. Statechartable Petri nets are structurally defined using the novel notion of an area. We also define a structural translation that maps each statechartable Petri net to a corresponding statechart. The translation is proven sound and complete for statechartable Petri nets.
Kinetic Analysis of Lecithin:Cholesterol Acyltransferase Activity Toward Discoidal HDL
Authors: Dergunov Alexander D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe kinetics of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase(LCAT, EC 2.3.1.43)‐catalyzed generation of cholesteryl ester in discoidal high density lipoproteins (HDL) was analyzed in terms of initial binding of LCAT to the disc surface followed by a three‐state reaction of the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine sn‐2 ester bond and acyl‐enzyme formation. Cholesterol was considered as alcoholic nucleophile that increases the solvolysis rate of acyl‐LCAT. The raw kinetic data of Sparks et al. (J Biol Chem 270:5151–5157, 1995) for four preparations of reconstituted discoidal HDL with a constant level of apolipoprotein A‐I and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine per disc but with cholesterol in a lipid phase continuously increasing from 2.1 to 12.5 mol%, were analyzed in terms of the kinetic equation and a complete set of rate constants was obtained. Data at high cholesterol content do not indicate a saturation phenomenon, thus giving no evidence for a binding of cholesterol to the enzyme. This analysis may be used in the study of LCAT activation by exchangeable apolipoproteins and contribution of the HDL structure.
The Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale as a screening tool for benzodiazepine dependence in Taiwan
Authors: Tsai Jui‐Hsiu , Tang Tze‐Chun , Yeh Yi‐Chun , Yang Yi‐Hsin , Yeung Tsang Hin , Wang Shing‐Yaw , Chen Cheng‐Chung 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe development of an instrument to estimate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of benzodiazepine (BZD) dependence broadly in Taiwan is an important task. This study assessed the validity of the Chinese version of the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS[Ch]) among regular BZD users in Taiwan (n = 228). A positive correlation was shown between SDS[Ch] and Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview diagnosed of BZD dependence. Thirty‐six percent of the users received a Mini‐International Neuropsychiatric Interview diagnosis of current BZD dependence. The dependent users tended to be divorced/widowed; not schizophrenic; and have higher SDS[Ch] scores, a longer duration of use, and multiple‐BZD use. The SDS[Ch] for BZD dependence was shown to have high diagnostic utility (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.779), a sensitivity of 80.5%, and a specificity of 85.7%, with a cutoff point of 7. The findings support that the SDS[Ch] is a valid brief self‐reported questionnaire for the assessment of BZD dependence among chronic users in Taiwan.