bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Forage accumulation and nutritive value in extensive, intensive, and integrated pasture-based beef cattle production systems
Authors: Pasquini Neto Rolando , Furtado Althieres José , da Silva Gabriele Voltareli , Lobo Annelise Aila Gomes , Abdalla Filho Adibe Luiz , Brunetti Henrique Bauab , Bosi Cristiam , Pedroso André de Faria , Pezzopane José Ricardo Macedo , Oliveira Patrícia Perondi Anchão , Rodrigues Paulo Henrique Mazza 
Published: May 2024

Context A challenge for the livestock sector is to improve the production and nutritive value of forage grasses through sustainable management strategies. Aims This study evaluated the impact of management on the productive and nutritive value of five pasture-based production systems: irrigated pasture with 600 kg nitrogen (N) ha−1 (IP600); rainfed pasture with 400 kg N ha−1 (RP400); rainfed pasture with 200 kg N ha−1 (RP200); silvopastoral with 200 kg N ha−1 (SP200); and degraded pasture without N fertilisation (DP0). Methods During two experimental years, samples were collected pre- and post-grazing to determine forage and nutritional parameters. Land-saving effects and efficiencies of N fertilisation and water use were calculated. Key results For C4 grasses, forage mass accumulation was greater for IP600 and RP400. IP600 also presented the greatest leaf area index and crude protein concentration, whereas DP0 presented the lowest values of both. For C3 grasses in the IP600 treatment, greater forage mass accumulation and leaf area index were found in winter than in autumn; all nutritional characteristics were not affected by season of the year. For land-saving effect, and N- and water-use efficiencies, IP600, RP400 and RP200 presented higher values than DP0 and SP200. Conclusions More intensified systems with proper management allowed better productive and nutritional characteristics than degraded pasture or silvopasture, especially during seasons with greater precipitation or when irrigated. Implications Intensification practices make better use of natural resources (water and land) and agricultural inputs (N fertiliser) to ameliorate the effects of seasonality and improve quality and productivity of tropical grasses in pasture-based livestock production systems.
Strategies for improving the superconductivity of hydrides under high pressure
Authors: Liu Pengye , Wang Chang , Zhang Daoyuan , Wang Xiang , Duan Defang , Liu Zhao , Cui Tian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The successful prediction and confirmation of unprecedentedly high-temperature superconductivity in compressed hydrogen-rich hydrides signify a remarkable advancement in the continuous quest for attaining room-temperature superconductivity. The recent studies have established a broad scope for developing binary and ternary hydrides and illustrated correlation between specific hydrogen motifs and high-T
cs under high pressures. The analysis of the microscopic mechanism of superconductivity in hydrides suggests that the high electronic density of states at the Fermi level (EF), the large phonon energy scale of the vibration modes and the resulting enhanced electron-phonon coupling are crucial contributors towards the high-T
c phonon-mediated superconductors. The aim of our efforts is to tackle forthcoming challenges associated with elevating the T
c and reducing the stabilization pressures of hydrogen-based superconductors, and offer insights for the future discoveries of room-temperature superconductors. Our present Review offers an overview and analysis of the latest advancements in predicting and experimentally synthesizing various crystal structures, while also exploring strategies to enhance the superconductivity and reducing their stabilization pressures of hydrogen-rich hydrides.
Tensor low-rank and sparse decomposition and its application in bearing fault information separation
Authors: Ou Shudong , Zhao Ming , Li Baotong , Zhang Yue , Li Sen , Wu Hao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Properly separating fault information from noisy measured signals is crucial for effective bearing health sensing. However, conventional fault information separation methods face challenges such as predefined model parameters and poor noise robustness. Additionally, with the advent of Industry Big Data, multichannel monitoring signals present significant challenges for traditional single decomposition approaches. To address these challenges and fully extract potential fault information, this paper introduces a tensor low-rank and sparse decomposition (tensor LRSD) approach for multichannel signal processing. Inspired by matrix LRSD, we construct a tensor LRSD model that adaptively decomposes the signal into a tensor sparse term containing fault information and a low-rank term representing the intrinsic signal pattern. To further enhance the decomposition performance, a maximum correlation-based selection strategy is designed. This strategy evaluates the correlation between each tensor slice and selects appropriate tensor sparse terms for fault information extraction. Simulation analysis and two experimental studies involving typical bearing failures are implemented to verify the capability and superiority of the presented tensor LRSD approach. The consequences demonstrate that the presented method outperforms conventional techniques, showcasing its capability to effectively separate fault information from noisy signals.
A novel semi-supervised learning rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on SNNGAN
Authors: Qiu Zhi , Fan Shanfei , Liang Haibo , Li Quanchang , Lv Shan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In practical industrial environments, rotating machinery typically operates under normal conditions. As a result, the signals collected are primarily normal signals. This imbalance in the sample data diminishes the effectiveness of fault diagnosis. To address this issue, this paper produces a novel semi-supervised fault diagnosis approach based on a Siamese neural network combined with a generative adversarial network (SNNGAN) to enhance classification accuracy. Firstly, vibration signals collected are subjected to continuous wavelet transformation to obtain time–frequency representations, which are utilized for pre-training convolutional encoders in the generator and discriminator. Subsequently, a cosine similarity algorithm is employed to ensure the quality of generated samples. For generated data, set a similarity threshold. Those surpassing the threshold are assigned their corresponding labels and added to the original sample set. Otherwise, those falling below the threshold are transformed back into vibration vectors through an inverse transform and then serve as input to create new samples. Finally, fault diagnosis experiments are conducted on the newly balanced data set. In four imbalanced data experiments, the results demonstrate that SNNGAN outperforms other methods in average accuracy, G-mean, and F1 score, with average accuracy values of 0.919, 0.948, 0.927, and 0.953 for the respective datasets. Therefore, SNNGAN exhibits outstanding fault diagnosis performance under conditions of data imbalance.
A deep learning-based algorithm for intelligent prediction of adverse geologic bodies in tunnels
Authors: Mei Hua , Wang Qiyun , Yu Lei , Zeng Qiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the issues of high subjectivity and low efficiency in the image analysis methods for overcast prediction of tunnel adverse geological bodies, a deep learning-based intelligent prediction algorithm, namely YOLOv8 enhanced by Sim-EFFcinetNet and interlaced sparse self-attention (ISSA) (YOLO-SEI), is proposed in this paper. Firstly, Sim-EfficientNet with good feature extraction performance and efficiency is proposed as the backbone of YOLOv8 by fusing the SimAM attention and the EfficientNet-v2 network, which improves the model’s extraction capability for radar wave features of adverse geologic bodies. Then, a feature fusion module enhanced by ISSA is designed to effectively make up for the deficiency of convolutional neural network that is difficult to fully extract the global information of radar images. The experimental results show that the mAP and F1 of YOLO-SEI are 84.87% and 82.28%, respectively, which are higher than other commonly used deep learning models. In addition, YOLO-SEI has smaller storage space (41MB) and faster image processing speed (41.24 f s−1), which is suitable for the rapid measurement and prediction of adverse geologic bodies in tunnel excavation construction.
Validation of the thermo-chemical approach to modelling of CO2 conversion in sub-atmospheric pressure microwave gas discharges
Authors: Kotov Vladislav , Kiefer Christian , Hecimovic Ante 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The CO

2

→

CO +

1
2

O2 conversion experiment [D’Isa et al 2020 Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.
29 105009] has been compared with thermo-chemical calculations. The experiment is a 2.45 GHz plasma torch with a straight channel in the effluent. The 1.5D model of the CO2/CO/O2/O/C mixture without turbulent transport has been applied with plasma acting only as a prescribed heat source. The parameter range covered is the specific energy input (SEI) 0.3–5 eV/molecule at pressure p = 0.9 bar, and SEI = 0.6–2 eV/molecule at p = 0.5, 0.2 bar. The calculated conversion χ is always close to the experimental values. At the same time, the calculated temperatures T deviate significantly from the experiment, especially for p = 0.2 bar. The calculated T were also found to be sensitive with respect to the uncertain model parameters, but χ is not sensitive. The net conversion in the model is driven to a large extent by the radial diffusion of CO and O from the hot core towards the wall and steep radial temperature gradients. The main factor that reduces the energy efficiency is the re-oxidation of CO at the edge of the hot plasma region and downstream. The 1.5D approximation applied has the principle limitation that the impact of a realistic bulk flow field on the chemical process cannot be studied. Hence, the results must be considered preliminary and have to be confirmed with a more elaborate and accurate model of the vortex-stabilized flow inside the reactor.
Detuning piezoelectric receivers by resistive load adjustment for electrodynamic wireless power transfer
Authors: Morel Adrien , Dosol Michael-Anas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article investigates electrical detuning techniques for low-frequency electrodynamic wireless power transfer (EWPT) systems. This study focuses on protecting the receiver from potential damage when quick increases in magnetic fields occur due to transmitter–receiver distance variation or in-rush transmitter coil currents. In the case of such event, to avoid damaging the mechanical receiver, the solution investigated in this article is to adjust the electrical load connected to the receiver. This adjustment enables precise tuning and detuning of the receiver’s resonant frequency and damping characteristics, thereby allowing to reduce its mechanical displacement amplitude and protecting it from damage. Based on well-known models of EWPT systems, we develop an analysis of two key operational modes of the proposed tuning/detuning approach: maximum transmitted power (MTP) mode, where the receiver circuitry’s input impedance is optimized for peak power transfer, and minimum displacement (MD) mode, which involves electrically detuning the receiver’s resonant frequency to limit its mechanical displacement. We establish transition conditions between MD and MTP modes based on the receiver voltage amplitude, enabling automated monitoring and adjustment of the receiver’s detuning. Experimental validation has been conducted with an EWPT experimental setup and a custom piezoelectric receiver. The results, in good agreement with the proposed analytical model predictions, confirm the effectiveness of the proposed detuning algorithm, which successfully reduces the receiver displacement by 60% in response to sudden magnetic field increases.
Superconducting electronic device response linearity calculation method using discrete fourier analysis
Authors: Kolotinskiy Nikolay V , Kornev Victor K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A highly effective method of the device linearity calculation on the stage of the device development is worked out and reported. The method allows expressing the linearity in terms of the achievable spurious-free dynamic range (SFDR) of the created devices, in particular superconductive electronic devices, and therefore can be easy correlated with the obtained experimental data. The algorithm scheme and the method accuracy are considered and discussed in detail.
Structural, optoelectronic, and magnetic behaviors of Li2BeTM (TM = V, Cr, Mn, Fe) Se4 compounds using DFT investigations
Authors: Karim H , Labrim H , Lakhal M , Hartiti B , Lfakir A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this work, we present computational investigations of the electronic, the optical and the magnetic properties of the Li2BeTMSe4(TM = V, Cr, Mn, Fe) compounds using the first-principle calculations based on the density functional theory. In this respect, we employ the generalized gradient approximation corrected by the Tran-Balaha modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential to obtain more accurate results. Among these outcomes, we first study the electronic properties such as the band energy dispersion and the state densities. Regarding this, the Li2BeTMSe4 quaternary family is found to have an indirect band gap of 1.910 eV, 1.905 eV, 2.223 eV and 1.278 eV for TM = V, Cr, Mn, and Fe, respectively. Further, an examination of the optical properties reveals that the computed optical absorption spectra cover a broad energy range in the visible and the ultraviolet spectrums. Motivated by spintronic applications, we additionally determine the total and the local magnetic moments. Then, we compute the associated Curie temperatures via a linear relation with the total magnetic moments. Among others, the Li2BeTMSe4(TM = V, Cr, Mn, Fe) materials involve acceptable temperatures showing potential applications for high temperature nano-devices activities. Comparing the obtained findings with the available ones, the acquired results indicate that the Li2BeTMSe4(TM = V, Cr, Mn, Fe) materials exhibit a wide range of applications in solar cells, optoelectronics, and other fields.
Evaluation of natural radioactivity and radiological hazards in water sample of Tounsa Sharif, South Punjab, Pakistan
Authors: Ishaq Sajid , Nasir Tabassum , Ali Nawab , Baloch Musa Kaleem , Khan Ehsan Ullah , Ali Malik Meher , Sherazi M Rafeel Hassan , Ahmad Farzana , Muhammad Jamil , Usmani M Yasir 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Radioactive material, especially Uranium, is very dangerous for human beings, creatures, and plants. It has been documented that the groundwater of the Dera Ghazi Khan Division in Punjab is contaminated with 238U. In this communication, the groundwater of the Tehsil Taunsa located at Indus River has been investigated. 144 samples of drinking water were collected from 48 villages/towns located in the area of about 500 km2 of the city. The samples were collected in the month of June, August and November, to concentrate on the temperature impact over the Uranium concentration. All samples were analyzed for 238U concentration using a fluorometric technique. The fluorometric technique was applied after pre-treatment of the sample. The analysis of the result revealed that groundwater obtained from this region contains a high value of 238U contents. Among the 48 trials, 26 samples were found below the permissible limit, while the remaining samples contained 238U contents above the permissible level. The sample collected from areas like, Qarim Wala, Jhoke Jamki, Basti peer, Tibi Qaisrani, Pehar Adda & Malana contained even up to the alarming level (30 μg l−1 to 54 μg l−1). In addition, it was observed that the sampling period had a significant effect on the contents, which were most prominent in June. This area being almost annually flooded by water from Rodh Kohi, who originated from Koh-e-Suleiman, may lead to such a high concentration of 238U. The additional reason could be the topographical and geological structure of the earth from which the samples were collected.
Researches on the continuous-wave infrared laser-assisted-load icebreaking
Authors: Huo Haodong , Ding Ye , Wang Shupeng , Feng Chenming , Liu Hao , Yang Lijun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a novel continuous-wave infrared laser-assisted load icebreaking method for large-sized ice blocks is put forward, which employs a laser multipoint irradiation approach. By strategically changing the mode of deployment points, interlocking cracks and melt holes are generated within the ice. This process effectively weakens the strength of ice, thus decreasing the difficulty of icebreaking. Based on the interaction mechanism between laser and ice, a mathematical model describing the evolution of the local temperature and stress of ice during continuous-wave infrared laser irradiation is established. The effects of deployment mode, laser irradiation time and laser power on the temperature and stress fields are analyzed based on numerical simulation. The impact of laser multipoint irradiation on the superposition of the stress between adjacent deployment points is revealed. On this basis, the experiments of continuous-wave infrared laser-assisted static-load icebreaking and impact-load icebreaking are carried out with natural freshwater ice as the research object. The influences of deployment mode, laser irradiation time and laser power on the external force required for subsequent icebreaking and the final icebreaking effect are analyzed. The characteristics of continuous-wave infrared laser-assisted static-load and impact-load icebreaking are comprehensively compared. Ultimately, the conclusion that impact load is more suitable for laser-assisted load icebreaking is drawn. The outcomes of this study potentially provide a new perspective on the breaking of large-sized ice blocks in an efficient way.
MINDS: The JWST MIRI Mid-INfrared Disk Survey
Authors: Henning Thomas , Kamp Inga , Samland Matthias , Arabhavi Aditya M. , Kanwar Jayatee , van Dishoeck Ewine F. , Güdel Manuel , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Waelkens Christoffel , Abergel Alain , Absil Olivier , Barrado David , Boccaletti Anthony , Bouwman Jeroen , Caratti o Garatti Alessio , Geers Vincent , Glauser Adrian M. , Lahuis Fred , Mueller Michael , Nehmé Cyrine , Olofsson Göran , Pantin Eric , Ray Tom P. , Scheithauer Silvia , Vandenbussche Bart , Waters L. B. F. M. , Wright Gillian , Argyriou Ioannis , Christiaens Valentin , Franceschi Riccardo , Gasman Danny , Grant Sierra L. , Guadarrama Rodrigo , Jang Hyerin , Morales-Calderón Maria , Pawellek Nicole , Perotti Giulia , Rodgers-Lee Donna , Schreiber Jürgen , Schwarz Kamber , Tabone Benoît , Temmink Milou , Vlasblom Marissa , Colina Luis , Greve Thomas R. , Östlin Göran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The study of protoplanetary disks has become increasingly important with the Kepler satellite finding that exoplanets are ubiquitous around stars in our galaxy and the discovery of enormous diversity in planetary system architectures and planet properties. High-resolution near-IR and ALMA images show strong evidence for ongoing planet formation in young disks. The JWST MIRI mid-INfrared Disk Survey (MINDS) aims to (1) investigate the chemical inventory in the terrestrial planet-forming zone across stellar spectral type, (2) follow the gas evolution into the disk dispersal stage, and (3) study the structure of protoplanetary and debris disks in the thermal mid-IR. The MINDS survey will thus build a bridge between the chemical inventory of disks and the properties of exoplanets. The survey comprises 52 targets (Herbig Ae stars, T Tauri stars, very low-mass stars and young debris disks). We primarily obtain MIRI/MRS spectra with high signal-to-noise ratio (∼100–500) covering the complete wavelength range from 4.9 to 27.9 μm. For a handful of selected targets we also obtain NIRSpec IFU high resolution spectroscopy (2.87–5.27 μm). We will search for signposts of planet formation in thermal emission of micron-sized dust—information complementary to near-IR scattered light emission from small dust grains and emission from large dust in the submillimeter wavelength domain. We will also study the spatial structure of disks in three key systems that have shown signposts for planet formation, TW Hya and HD 169142 using the MIRI coronagraph at 15.5 μm and 10.65 μm respectively and PDS 70 using NIRCam imaging in the 1.87 μm narrow and the 4.8 μm medium band filter. We provide here an overview of the MINDS survey and showcase the power of the new JWST mid-IR molecular spectroscopy with the TW Hya disk spectrum where we report the detection of the molecular ion

CH

3

+

and the robust confirmation of HCO+ earlier detected with Spitzer.
A regular MOG black hole’s impact on shadows and gravitational weak lensing in the presence of a quintessence field
Authors: Al-Badawi Ahmad , Shaymatov Sanjar , Alloqulov Mirzabek , Wang Anzhong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We investigate the impact of the modified gravity (MOG) field and the quintessence scalar field on horizon evolution, black hole (BH) shadow and the weak gravitational lensing around a static spherically symmetric BH. We first begin to write the BH metric associated with the MOG parameter and quintessence scalar field. We then determine the BH shadow and obtain numerical solutions for the photon sphere and shadow radius. We show that the MOG (α) and the quintessence (c) parameters have a significant impact on the BH shadow and photon sphere. Based on the analysis, we further show that the combined effects of the MOG parameter and quintessence field can increase the values of BH shadow and photon sphere radii. We also obtain constraints on the BH parameters by applying the observational data of Sgr A⋆ and M87⋆. Finally, we consider the weak deflection angle of BH within the context of the Gauss–Bonnet theorem (GBT) and show that the combined effects of the MOG and quintessence parameters do make the value of the deflection angle increase, and find this remarkable property is in good agreement with the physical meaning of both parameters that can maintain the strong gravitational field in the surrounding environment of a BH.
Transport Barriers in magnetized plasmas- general theory with dynamical constraints
Authors: Kotschenreuther M. , Liu X. , Mahajan S.M. , Hatch D.R. , Merlo G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A fundamental dynamical constraint—that fluctuation induced charge-weighted particle flux must vanish- can prevent instabilities from accessing the free energy in the strong gradients characteristic of Transport Barriers (TBs). Density gradients, when large enough, lead to a violation of the constraint and hence preclude unstable modes and turbulent transport. This mechanism, then, broadens the class of configurations (in magnetized plasmas) where these high confinement states can be formed and sustained. The need for velocity shear, the conventional agent for TB formation, is obviated. The most important ramifications of the constraint is to permit a charting out of the domains conducive to TB formation and hence to optimally confined fusion worthy states; the detailed investigation is conducted through new analytic methods and extensive gyrokinetic simulations.