bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of self‐efficacy on objective and subjective outcomes in transactions and disputes
Authors: Leon‐Perez Jose M. , Medina Francisco J. , Munduate Lourdes 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the relationship between self‐efficacy and the outcomes that individuals achieve when they manage conflict at work. The authors propose that self‐efficacy is related to performance following a positive linear or curvilinear model depending on the outcomes assessed (objective versus subjective outcomes) and the conflict setting considered (transaction versus dispute).Design/methodology/approachTwo studies were conducted. Study 1 was a face‐to‐face transaction in which self‐efficacy was measured using a survey. In study 2, participants were involved in a dispute and their self‐efficacy was manipulated using a false feedback technique.FindingsResults suggest that high self‐efficacy participants obtain better objective (economic/substantive) outcomes. However, there is a curvilinear relationship, in a U‐inverted shape, between self‐efficacy and subjective (relational) outcomes, indicating that an increase in self‐efficacy improves subjective outcomes, but there are certain levels at which self‐efficacy may be dysfunctional.Originality/valueRecent controversial findings in research into the relationship between self‐efficacy and performance are addressed in these studies. The present paper is one of the first to explore the role of self‐efficacy in a dispute and to consider the effects of self‐efficacy on subjective outcomes. Practical implications are discussed in light of the results.
Classification of library materials on Islam: a literature survey
Authors: Idrees Haroon 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop understanding of the problems of classification, to discover the classification practices of libraries with rich collections on Islam cited in the literature, to find the gaps, and to determine the point from which to start work on further development.Design/methodology/approachPublished and unpublished literature, both print and electronic, that is relevant to the problem was reviewed objectively in the compilation of this paper.FindingsStandard classification systems lack proper space for materials on Islam for two reasons: less awareness on the part of devisers of the depth and variety of Islamic topics; and their bias and lack of interest in Islam. Different indigenous classification systems and expansions have been developed, using either the original notation or alternative notations. Some systems have been developed without following any standards or logic. This study has revealed a need for empirical study of libraries with rich collections on Islam in order to gain a better understanding of the problem and find an optimal solution.Research limitations/implicationsNo empirical field data are included in this study. This is a review of the literature.Originality/valueThe author indicates the current situation of the problem and a potential framework for its solution.
Radio frequency identification (RFID): time to take another look
Authors: Zimerman Martin 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show that there may currently be more motivation to move towards a modern RFID system for librariesDesign/methodology/approachThe paper takes the form of a literature review.FindingsThe author finds that prices for RFID chips and equipment have dropped significantly.Practical implications]In these harsh economic times libraries need to use purchasing funds wisely. RFID is a method of accomplishing more, possibly for less money.Originality/valueWith more personnel being laid off every day, libraries need to be innovative in using technology, and cost‐effective. RFID, once set up, can place the burden of cataloging, circulation and collection management on the computer rather than on staff.
Educating the wise cyborg of the future
Authors: Lombardo Tom , Todd Blackwood Ray 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that, given contemporary global challenges and trends, the central goal for the future of higher education should be to facilitate the development of wise cyborgs.Design/methodology/approachContemporary global challenges are identified. A theory of wisdom and wisdom‐based education is outlined, highlighting the development of character virtues and enhanced future consciousness. It is demonstrated that a wisdom‐based education is necessary for addressing global challenges. The intimate evolutionary connection between human intelligence and technology is described, including a general definition of a cyborg. The concept of a wise cyborg is described. Examples are provided regarding how to facilitate the educational development of the wise cyborg.FindingsSolutions to modern global challenges require a synthesis of holistic, integrative, future‐focused, and ethical thinking – all qualities of wisdom. The qualities of wisdom can be described analytically and addressed educationally. Humans have purposely enhanced their functional capacities through technology throughout history. Humans are cyborgs and the intimate functional synthesis of the biological and technological will further develop in the future. Wise people in the future will be wise cyborgs. Educational methods can be identified that facilitate the development of wise cyborgs.Originality/valueWisdom, a concept traditionally associated with philosophy and spiritual thinking, is connected with technological evolution. An educational approach is described which synthesizes wisdom and character virtues with future consciousness and technological proficiency. This educational model is applied to creating individuals who can successfully address the problems of today and tomorrow.
Dealing with complexity through course design
Authors: Elgort Irina 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose an approach to managing complexity in postgraduate teaching by increasing the variety of educational provisions and creating opportunities for individualisation of learning.Design/methodology/approachThis case study examines an approach to course design and delivery based on the attenuation‐amplification metaphor of resolving complexity.FindingsThe results of the study suggest that a balanced approach to managing complexity can be effective is helping students develop their personal learning path through the course, making postgraduate study more relevant and meaningful.Originality/valueThis approach offers an alternative to the reductionist approach in dealing with complexity in the tertiary study context.
Systemic approaches to knowledge development and application
Authors: Harkins Arthur M. , Moravec John W. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis essay aims to focus on the development and application of knowledge within competitive national and global contexts. Systems thinking concepts are used to define and further explore three plausible pathways for future knowledge development and application.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is anticipatory, utilizing a dynamic knowledge development and application framework based on three futures‐relevant systems paradigms: mechanical (conservatively repetitive), evolutionary (self‐organizing), and teleogenic (purposively creative).FindingsThe article projects three heuristic MET archetypes depicting logical paths of knowledge development and application from now to 2025.Originality/valueThe MET framework provides a systems‐language descriptive means for understanding and engaging in an expanding ecology of educational and new knowledge development options.
The enormous significance of new and expanding Bas
Authors: Hoppe Magnus 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis article aims to focus on a perspective on knowledge that carries with it a most urgent challenge for educational actors to engage in personal knowledge processes wherever they take place.Design/methodology/approachThe purpose is met through the use of philosophical argumentation and theoretical ideas developed for understanding knowledge creation. Central concepts are Ba and “knowledge activists”, but also personal insights in relation to technical knowledge.FindingsThe author argues that educational actors who do not want to be marginalised must step forward as knowledge activists, gaining access to and influencing all sorts of interpretative places (Bas), whether they are physical, virtual or mental, where information is interpreted to become knowledge.Practical implicationsEducational actors who want to continue playing an important societal role had better leave behind the idea of knowledge as something to be handled mainly in physical places. Instead they have to search for a position in the world of virtual spaces that is forming today.Social implicationsWith the introduction of the internet and the emergence of a “cloud”, civil society is in desperate need of educational actors who can interlink the disparate Bas now forming, thus generating common ideas that can keep us together as a society and defend basic democratic ideals.Originality/valueThrough the use of a few well‐established theoretical concepts the article shows that there is a desperate need for rethinking education from being something limited in time and place to something that is ever present in knowledge processes of all kinds.
Sustainable leadership practices for enhancing business resilience and performance
Authors: Avery Gayle C. , Bergsteiner Harald 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present an alternative leadership model to the prevailing shareholder‐first approach that research, management experts and practice indicate can lead to higher performance and resilience of a firm.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper is based on published literature, empirical research, and observations conducted in firms worldwide.FindingsAvery and Bergsteiner's 23 principles differentiate sustainable or “honeybee” practices from shareholder‐first or “locust” leadership. Sustainable practices are arranged in a pyramid with three levels of practices and five performance outcomes at the apex. A total of 14 foundation practices can be introduced immediately. At the next level in the pyramid, six higher‐level practices emerge once the foundations are in place. Finally, three practices cover the key performance drivers of innovation, quality, and staff engagement – all of which end customers' experience. Together the 23 practices influence five outcomes, namely brand and reputation, customer satisfaction, operational finances, long‐term shareholder value, and long‐term value for multiple stakeholders.Practical implicationsGiven that research and practice show that operating on sustainable principles enhances business performance and resilience, executives are urged to adopt these practices over business‐as‐usual. If self‐interest does not motivate this change, as it appears to have already done at Wal‐Mart, then major stakeholders or legislators can be expected to force such changes in the future.Originality/valueThis paper provides an answer to the question of whether there is there an alternative to the shareholder‐first leadership model. Its response is: yes, a demonstrably effective alternative already operates among many successful enterprises around the world.
How corporate leaders can use the Positive Deviance approach to stimulate radical change
Authors: Allio Robert J. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper aims to present an interview with management guru Richard Pascale, author of The Power of Positive Deviance, outlining the basic steps executives should follow to successfully implement positive deviance, an unconventional change methodology.Design/methodology/approachThe interview examines the positive deviance approach, which derives from a deceptively simple idea. Faced with a seemingly intractable or impossible problem or situation, a few people having the same resources as their peers manage to succeed against all odds.FindingsThe PD process entails identifying these unusually effective individuals – the positive deviants – and adopting their practices.Practical implicationsThe author explains that only when the community takes ownership of the problem and validates the need to change will “something else happen different from what has already happened.”Originality/valueRichard Pascale explains how a technique that was invented to solve intractable social problems can work in a corporate setting.
Lessons from turnaround leaders
Authors: Boyd David P. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeEnvironmental uncertainty threatens many companies. This paper seeks to offer a strategic model to help imperiled firms overcome employee inertia, counter competitive forces, and speed organizational renewal.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents a change model which outlines five major steps, each comprised of three elements. Examples from the field illustrate sequential stages of the cycle.FindingsThis framework aligns human resources and organizational processes. By adhering to this approach, leaders can become transformational change agents.Practical implicationsThe proposed strategic format evolved from face‐to‐face discussions with exemplary turnaround leaders. In their visits to the author's classroom over the last six years, they offered insights that should prove beneficial to other leaders in turnaround situations.Originality/valueThe paper extends existing business models by providing a comprehensive set of action steps to engage all organizational members.
New business models for emerging media and entertainment revenue opportunities
Authors: Berman Saul J. , Battino Bill , Feldman Karen 
Published: May 2011

PurposeAs a growing share of consumer value shifts to new industry entrants, this paper seeks to suggest how long‐time leaders in many media and entertainment (M&E) market segments can replace declining traditional revenue with equivalent value from digital media.Design/methodology/approachThe paper suggests how established media and entertainment companies – newspapers, broadcasters, music labels and movie studios – can proactively address both their potential revenue challenge and find new business models.FindingsThe paper finds that media companies need to “rethink” their business models and seek innovative ways to enhance the consumer experience and connect with consumers.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a 2010 IBM Institute for Business Value analysis.Practical implicationsM&E companies will require the capabilities to build analytics and insights, develop consumer‐centric models and enable multiplatform delivery.Originality/valueThree strategies will likely help M&E leaders overcome the revenue issues they face – focusing on the consumer experience, embracing new distribution platforms and expanding revenue models.
Lessons learned: advantages and disadvantages of mixed method research
Authors: Malina Mary A. , Nørreklit Hanne S.O. , Selto Frank H. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is first, to discuss the theoretical assumptions, qualities, problems and myopia of the dominating quantitative and qualitative approaches; second, to describe the methodological lessons that the authors learned while conducting a series of longitudinal studies on the use and usefulness of a specialized balanced scorecard; and third, to encourage researchers to actually use multiple methods and sources of data to address the very many accounting phenomena that are not fully understood.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is an opinion piece based on the authors' experience conducting a series of longitudinal mixed method studies.FindingsThe authors suggest that in many studies, using a mixed method approach provides the best opportunity for addressing research questions.Originality/valueThis paper provides encouragement to those who may wish to bridge the authors' ideological gaps and to those who are actively trying to do so.
Applying mixed methods research in evaluating clinical trials
Authors: Murphy Lyn , Maguire William 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to report on the decision process that the authors follow in applying mixed methods research to evaluate the benefits and costs of conducting sponsored clinical trials in a publicly funded New Zealand hospital.Design/methodology/approachA simultaneous parallel mixed method design was adopted. This design builds on a health outcomes study that involves a retrospective cohort study of changes in participants' health status and mortality rates. Although a team of medical researchers conducted that study (i.e. the current authors were not involved), it is one of the three strands of the current research as it forms the platform for the other two strands, namely the multiple stakeholder perception strand and the economic outcomes strand. In the multiple stakeholder perceptions strand, qualitative methods were used to explore the benefits and costs perceived by stakeholders. In the economic outcomes strand, quantitative methods were used to estimate the benefits and costs of clinical trials.FindingsThe economic outcomes strand and the multiple stakeholder perceptions strand are complementary. Each strand delivers dimensions to the analysis that are not apparent from the other.Originality/valueThe value of the paper lies in improved understanding of the process of mixed method research through communicating choices and decisions made in response to the challenges faced.
Contingent dynamics of IS strategic alignment in small and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Levy Margi , Powell Philip , Yetton Philip 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThis paper seeks to understand how strategic information systems (IS) alignment takes place in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs).Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a qualitative and quantitative analysis of data from 27 cases.FindingsA contingent model allows re‐interpretation of earlier findings that appear to be inconsistent. First, benefit realisation depends on alignment between IS and business strategies. Second, IS investment is frequently limited to supporting operations and transactions. Third, organizations with more sophisticated IS tend to perform less successfully than those with less complex systems, the greatest alignment and highest performance are reported for systems to improve efficiency, and organizations that adopt a low‐cost approach are unlikely to use IS strategically.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper extends understanding of the contingent nature of SMEs' investment in, and use of, IS, and of the effect of market position on IS management. It provides guidelines by describing the dominant paths to alignment. The limitations are that the SME sample is not random, the scoring protocols rely on author coding, whether the research identifies cycles of alignment, alternative interpretations of path hierarchy, and if an SME's location uniquely defines its alignment path.Originality/valuePerformance is a function of the alignment between IS strategy and other business domains. However, prior research has focused on outcomes, rather than the processes by which alignment is developed. Using multiple case data, this paper investigates alignment in SMEs, explaining why different SMEs follow different paths to alignment. Four paths are identified, with the path chosen contingent on an SME's market position.
Factors affecting the effective utilisation and adoption of sophisticated ICT solutions
Authors: Apulu Idisemi , Latham Ann , Moreton Robert 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to consider factors affecting the effective utilisation of information and communication technology (ICT) and the adoption of more sophisticated ICT solutions in small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos, Nigeria.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopts a case study approach. Semi‐structured interviews in 25 SMEs were used as tools for data collection.FindingsThe paper identifies eight key factors that affect the effective utilisation and adoption of more sophisticated or advanced ICT solutions in Nigerian SMEs.Research limitations/implicationsThe data for this research are drawn from a particular region in Nigeria, therefore, the findings are not generalisable to SMEs in other regions. Also, the data are collected from various industry sectors hence, it is not possible to have sector‐specific conclusions.Practical implicationsEffective utilisation of sophisticated ICT solutions in SMEs has great impact on SMEs' competitiveness. Also, the study could assist owner‐managers, policy makers and stakeholders to better understand the major challenges faced by Nigerian SMEs and create various initiatives to assist these SMEs.Originality/valueThe study provides insight into the adoption of sophisticated ICT solutions within Nigerian SMEs that is of value to owner‐managers, policy makers and academic researchers. The study further suggests means to achieve a successful and sustainable technology adoption in SMEs.
Upper echelon theory (UET)
Authors: Awa Hart O. , Eze Sunday C. , Urieto Joseph E. , Inyang Benjamin J. 
Published: May 2011

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impacts of such demographic variables as age composition, gender sensitivity, experience, homogeneity/heterogeneity and educational attainment of top management teams (TMT) on small to medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs)' information technology (IT) adoption behaviour.Design/methodology/approachThe data collection method was primarily field survey guided by the five working hypotheses and research objectives. Analysis of the data was made with multiple regression analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient as there were five independent variables that entered into the equation, though at different stages/times.FindingsAs the study unravelled, the age composition, experience and gender sensitivity of TMT members of SMEs were found to have significantly strong power of predicting the extent of adoption of IT. Group homogeneity, in terms of functional track, has negative impacts and education has weak impacts, contrary to many previous inquiries.Practical implicationsThe paper takes a sample of subjects across industries from where findings are specifically generalized. Extended data and measures are required for further in‐depth investigation in specific areas and industries not covered by this work in order to build external validity and further expand knowledge. Also, the paper suggests that marketers of IT infrastructures are encouraged to focus more on individual and group idiosyncrasies of decision makers measured by age, gender and experience in order to accurately predict and timely package programmes that win trial, loyal, switching and viral/advocacy behaviours in this global age.Originality/valueThe paper bridges a knowledge gap by replicating and complementing upper echelon theory on the extent to which IT adoption is determined and shaped by the demographic factors of members of TMT in Nigeria, where such studies rarely exist.