bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Applications of SnO Nanosheets: Parallel Control of Oxidation State and Nanostructure Through an Aqueous Solution Route
Authors: Sakaushi Ken , Oaki Yuya , Uchiyama Hiroaki , Hosono Eiji , Zhou Haoshen , Imai Hiroaki 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTin monoxide (SnO) nanosheets 5 nm in thickness are generated on substrates through an aqueous solution process under mild conditions. Parallel control of the oxidation state and morphology is achieved by a urea‐mediated approach in aqueous solution. The SnO nanosheets form a porous thin film on substrates such as indium tin oxide and carbon nanofiber (CNF). The porous thin film of SnO nanosheets shows cathodic photocurrent generation upon irradiation by UV and visible light. In contrast, the photocurrent is not observed in the bulk SnO microcrystals. Composites of the SnO nanosheets and CNF perform as the anode material of lithium‐ion batteries with improved charge–discharge reversible stability.
Complex Display of Putative Tumor Stem Cell Markers in the NCI60 Tumor Cell Line Panel
Authors: Stuelten Christina H. , Mertins Susan D. , Busch Johanna I. , Gowens Meghan , Scudiero Dominic A. , Burkett Mark W. , Hite Karen M. , Alley Mike , Hollingshead Melinda , Shoemaker Robert H. , Niederhuber John E. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
Tumor stem cells or cancer initiating cells (CICs) are single tumor cells that can regenerate a tumor or a metastasis. The identification and isolation of CICs remain challenging, and a variety of putative CIC markers have been described. We hypothesized that cell lines of the NCI60 panel contain CICs and express putative CIC markers. We investigated expression of putative CIC surface markers (CD15, CD24, CD44, CD133, CD166, CD326, PgP) and the activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase in the NCI60 panel singly and in combination by six-color fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. All investigated markers were expressed in cell lines of the NCI60 panel. Expression levels of individual markers varied widely across the 60 cell lines, and neither single marker expression nor simple combinations nor co-expression patterns correlated with the colony-formation capacity of cell lines. Rather, marker expression patterns correlated with tumor types in multidimensional analysis. Whereas some expression patterns correlated with tumor entities such as basal breast cancer, other expression patterns occurred across different tumor types and largely related to expression of a more mesenchymal phenotype in individual breast, lung, renal, and melanoma cell lines. Our data for the first time demonstrate that tumor cell lines display CIC markers in a complex pattern that relates to the tumor type. The complexity and tumor type specificity of marker display creates challenges for the application of cell sorting and other approaches to isolation of putative tumor stem cell populations and suggests that therapeutic targeting strategies will need to take this into account.
Engineering Musculoskeletal Tissues with Human Embryonic Germ Cell Derivatives
Authors: Varghese Shyni , Hwang Nathaniel S. , Ferran Angela , Hillel Alexander , Theprungsirikul Parnduangjai , Canver Adam C. , Zhang Zijun , Gearhart John , Elisseeff Jennifer 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
The cells derived from differentiating embryoid bodies of human embryonic germ (hEG) cells express a broad spectrum of gene markers and have been induced toward ecto- and endodermal lineages. We describe here in vitro and in vivo differentiation of hEG-derived cells (LVEC line) toward mesenchymal tissues. The LVEC cells express many surface marker proteins characteristic of mesenchymal stem cells and differentiated into cartilage, bone, and fat. Homogenous hyaline cartilage was generated from cells after 63 population doublings. In vivo results demonstrate cell survival, differentiation, and tissue formation. The high proliferative capacity of hEG-derived cells and their ability to differentiate and form three-dimensional mesenchymal tissues without teratoma formation underscores their significant potential for regenerative medicine. The adopted coculture system also provides new insights into how a microenvironment comprised of extracellular and cellular components may be harnessed to generate hierarchically complex tissues from pluripotent cells.
Developmental outcome of isolated fetal macrocephaly
Authors: Biran‐Gol Y. , Malinger G. , Cohen H. , Davidovitch M. , Lev D. , Lerman‐Sagie T. , Schweiger A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcome of children with prenatally diagnosed head circumference greater than 2 SD above the mean for gestational age and no associated anomalies detected by ultrasound.MethodsThis was a retrospective study of 17 fetuses, diagnosed in the third trimester by ultrasound as having isolated macrocephaly, defined as head circumference greater than 2 SD above the mean for gestational age. We evaluated their performance on a standardized neuropsychological battery at age 2–7 years, and compared them with 17 normocephalic children.ResultsThe range of fetal head circumference in the study group was 2.0–2.9 SD. There were no significant differences between the groups in cognitive, language and motor domains. The study group scored significantly worse than the control group on three parameters, reflecting executive functioning, behavior and social–emotional development. Children with familial macrocephaly showed significantly better executive functioning compared with children with non‐familial macrocephaly. Multiple linear regression analysis found paternal head circumference to be the only significant variable in positively predicting the cognitive functioning of the child.ConclusionsThe finding in utero of a head circumference 2–3 SD above the mean for gestational age with no associated anomalies does not appear to be a significant risk factor for abnormal long‐term neuropsychological development. Our study provides information important for parental counseling prenatally. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Validation of three‐dimensional perineal ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging measurements of the pubovisceral muscle at rest
Authors: Majida M. , BrÆkken I. H. , Bø K. , Šaltytė Benth J. , Engh M. E. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo compare biometric measurements of the pubovisceral muscle during rest, measured using transperineal three‐dimensional (3D) ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).MethodsIn this prospective study, 18 female volunteers underwent 3D perineal ultrasound examination and MRI. All women were examined at rest in the supine position and the following measurements were taken: area and anteroposterior and transverse diameters of the levator hiatus; thickness of the pubovisceral muscle, measured lateral to the vagina and to the rectum, on the right and left sides; length of the levator–urethra gap (LUG), measured from the center of the urethra to the insertion of the pubovisceral muscle on the pubic bone. Interclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between the measurements obtained with 3D ultrasound and with MRI were calculated. To quantify the intermeasurement agreement, the bias and SDs were calculated, and limits of agreement constructed. One investigator performed all the analyses.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the mean values of the measurements by 3D perineal ultrasound and those by MRI. The ICC values showed very good agreement (range, 0.80–0.97). There was a significant positive bias for LUG on the left side and muscle thickness on the right side of the vagina.ConclusionThese results suggest that 3D ultrasound could be used instead of MRI when evaluating static pelvic floor anatomy in women without pelvic organ prolapse at rest. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Middle versus anterior cerebral artery Doppler for the prediction of perinatal outcome and neonatal neurobehavior in term small‐for‐gestational‐age fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler
Authors: Oros D. , Figueras F. , Cruz‐Martinez R. , Padilla N. , Meler E. , Hernandez‐Andrade E. , Gratacos E. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether anterior cerebral artery (ACA) Doppler ultrasonography is superior to middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler in the prediction of perinatal outcome and neonatal neurobehavior in term small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses with normal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler.MethodsMCA and ACA Doppler ultrasonography was performed in a cohort of SGA term fetuses with normal UA Doppler. Perinatal outcome and neonatal neurobehavioral performance were compared with a group of term appropriate‐for‐gestational age (AGA) infants. Neurobehavior was evaluated at 40 ( ± 1) weeks of corrected age with the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. Differences between the study groups were adjusted for potential confounding variables by multiple linear or logistic regression analyis.ResultsA total of 199 newborns (98 SGA and 101 AGA) were included. Among the SGA fetuses, 28.6 and 17% had MCA and ACA redistribution, respectively. Cases with either type of redistribution had an increased risk for adverse outcome, with no differences in predictive performance between the two parameters. SGA fetuses with MCA redistribution compared with controls had an increased risk for abnormal neurobehavioral performance in motor (36 vs. 20%; adjusted P = 0.02) and state organization (25 vs. 17.5%; adjusted P = 0.03) areas. SGA fetuses with ACA redistribution had only an increased risk for abnormal neurobehavioral performance area in state organization compared with controls (30 vs. 17.5%; adjusted P = 0.021).ConclusionIn term SGA newborns with no signs of brain‐sparing, ACA Doppler investigation does not provide any benefit over MCA in terms of the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lung tissue perfusion in congenital diaphragmatic hernia and association with the lung‐to‐head ratio and intrapulmonary artery pulsed Doppler
Authors: Moreno‐Alvarez O. , Cruz‐Martinez R. , Hernandez‐Andrade E. , Done E. , Gómez O. , Deprest J. , Gratacos E. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate lung tissue perfusion in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and to explore the association of lung tissue perfusion with the lung area to head circumference ratio (LHR) and intrapulmonary artery pulsed Doppler.MethodsFetuses with isolated left CDH were evaluated and compared with a group of fetuses without CDH, which were sampled from our general population and matched by gestational age at inclusion. Lung tissue perfusion measured using fractional moving blood volume (FMBV), the observed to expected (O/E) LHR and pulsed Doppler of the proximal intrapulmonary artery were evaluated in the lung contralateral to the side of the hernia. Doppler waveform analysis included the pulsatility index (PI), the peak early diastolic reversed flow (PEDRF) and the peak systolic velocity (PSV). All Doppler parameters were converted into Z‐scores for gestational age. The associations between FMBV and O/E‐LHR and between FMBV and intrapulmonary arterial Doppler parameters were analyzed using multiple linear regression, adjusted by gestational age.ResultsA total of 190 fetuses (95 with CDH and 95 controls) were evaluated. Fetuses with CDH showed significantly lower lung FMBV (26.8 (SD 8.4) vs. 37.9 (SD 8.1)%; P < 0.001) than controls. Lung tissue perfusion correlated positively with O/E‐LHR (r = 0.37; P < 0.001) and negatively with intrapulmonary artery PI (r = − 0.31; P < 0.001), PEDRF (r = − 0.43; P < 0.001) and PSV (r = − 0.18; P = 0.03).ConclusionsFetuses with CDH have decreased lung tissue perfusion, which is associated with decreased lung growth and increased intrapulmonary artery impedance. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reference values for variables of fetal cardiocirculatory dynamics at 11–14 weeks of gestation
Authors: Rozmus‐Warcholinska W. , Wloch A. , Acharya G. , Cnota W. , Czuba B. , Sodowski K. , Skrzypulec V. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjectiveDespite the increasing popularity of first‐trimester fetal echocardiography, the evaluation of fetal heart function during this period remains challenging. The parameters of normal cardiac function at 11–14 weeks' gestation are not well defined and appropriate reference values have not yet been established. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fetal cardiocirculatory dynamics during routine first‐trimester screening and establish cross‐sectional reference ranges for 11–14 weeks' gestation.MethodsFetal echocardiography was performed on 202 women with singleton pregnancies at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 weeks' gestation. Global cardiac function was evaluated using the heart : chest area ratio and Tei index of the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricles. The proportion of isovolumic contraction (ICT%) and ejection (ET%) times of the cardiac cycle, and the outflow velocities described the systolic function. Diastolic function was evaluated by the proportion of relaxation (IRT%) and filling (FT%) times, the ratio of the blood velocity through the atrioventricular valves during early filling (E) and atrial contraction (A) phases of the cardiac cycle, and ductus venosus pulsatility index for veins (DV‐PIV). All participants had additional fetal echocardiography in the second trimester and neonatal clinical examination after birth to confirm normality.ResultsThe mean heart : chest area ratio (0.203 ± 0.04) and the Tei indices of both ventricles did not vary significantly during weeks 11–14, but the mean Tei index of the LV (0.375 ± 0.092) was significantly higher than that of the RV (0.332 ± 0.079) (P = 0.001). The fetal heart rate (FHR) decreased with increasing crown–rump length (CRL) (P < 0.00001). The LV‐ICT% did not vary significantly (P = 0.27), LV‐IRT% (P = 0.03) and LV‐ET% decreased (P = 0.01), whereas the LV‐FT% increased (P = 0.02) with CRL. The RV‐ET% (P = 0.84) and RV‐FT% (P = 0.60) remained relatively stable. The LV‐ET% was lower than the RV‐ET% (P = 0.0001). The LV (P = 0.004) and RV (P < 0.00001) outflow velocities and E : A ratios of both ventricles (P < 0.0001) increased with advancing gestation. The E‐velocity of the LV (P = 0.003) and RV (P = 0.002) increased significantly but the increase in A‐velocity was not significant. The outflow velocity (P = 0.008) and E‐velocity (P = 0.005) of the RV were higher than that of the LV but the A‐velocities were similar (P = 0.066). The mean DV‐PIV was 0.97 ± 0.23 and did not change significantly (P = 0.95) during weeks 11–14. The FHR and DV‐PIV did not correlate with the Tei index of either ventricle.ConclusionWe have established reference ranges for the noninvasive evaluation of fetal cardiocirculatory dynamics at 11–14 weeks' gestation. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐assembly and Magnetic Characterization of Two CuII Complexes Constructed by 2,2′‐Bipyridine and 3,5‐Pyrazoledicarboxylic Acid with Different Structures
Authors: Xie Cheng‐Zhi , Li Rong‐Fang , Wang Li‐Ya , Zhang Qian‐Qian 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTwo CuII complexes [Cu3(2,2′‐bipy)2(pdc)2)(H2O)2]·2H2O (1) and [Cu4(2,2′‐bipy)2(pdc)2(OH)2]n·2nH2O (2) (2,2′‐bipy = 2,2′‐bipyridine; H3pdc = 3,5‐pyrazoledicarboxylic acid) were synthesized under hydrothermal reaction conditions. Because of different experimental conditions, the structure of complex 1 is built up of a trinuclear CuII unit and solvate water molecules, whereas complex 2 has an novel one‐dimensional coordination polymeric structure linked by three kinds of bridging groups in an alternating manner. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of the compounds were performed and indicated antiferromagnetic interactions in 1 and ferromagnetic interactions in 2.
Stage IV Rectal Cancer with Liver Metastases: Is There a Benefit to Resection of the Primary Tumor?
Authors: Cellini Christina , Hunt Steven R. , Fleshman James W. , Birnbaum Elisa H. , Bierhals Andrew J. , Mutch Matthew G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundResection of primary and liver lesions is the optimal management of Stage IV rectal cancer with liver metastases. For patients with extensive liver metastases, FOLFOX and FOLFIRI have improved resection rates and survival. We compared survival outcomes in patients with Stage IV rectal cancer with liver metastases undergoing staged or synchronous resection with those undergoing primary rectal resection only or no resection at all.MethodsPatients with metastatic rectal cancer to liver were identified from a colorectal cancer database from 2002 to 2008. Patients received neoadjuvant chemoradiation and adjuvant FOLFOX or FOLFIRI therapy. The outcomes for patients who underwent synchronous resection, staged resection, resection of rectal tumor only, and no resection with chemotherapy only were compared. Statistical analysis was determined by ANOVA. Survival was determined using the Kaplan–Meier method.ResultsSeventy‐four patients were identified: 30 synchronous resections, 13 staged resections, 22 primary resection only, and 9 no resection. Median follow‐up was 23 months (range = 4‐58 months). Sixty‐five percent of patients underwent liver resection with 26% rendered eligible for resection after adjuvant therapy. Those who underwent primary resection only had shorter median survival than those who underwent either staged or synchronous liver resection (31 vs. 47 vs. 46 months, respectively; P = 0.17). Survival was no different for synchronous versus staged resection (P = 0.6). Volume of liver disease predicted resectability (P = 0.001). Without liver resection, 2‐year survival was approximately 60%. Palliative surgery was required in six of nine patients who did not undergo resection of their primary tumor.ConclusionsCurrent chemotherapeutic regimens lead to improved survival in patients with unresectable liver metastases. Upfront chemotherapy in the asymptomatic patient compared with resection of the primary tumor does not appear to significantly affect survival. However, given that 60% of patients were alive after 2 years, resection of the primary lesion for palliative reasons and local control must be considered.
Epidemiology of Surgical Admissions to a Children’s Disability Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Spiegel David A. , Shrestha Om P. , Rajbhandary Tarun , Bijukachhe Binod , Sitoula Prakash , Banskota Bibek , Banskota Ashok 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe goal of this retrospective review was to characterize the spectrum of surgical admissions to a tertiary hospital specializing in musculoskeletal conditions in children and adolescents in Nepal.MethodsWe reviewed hospital records from 1996 to 2006 to categorize all major surgical procedures. Additional information collected included diagnosis, patient age, gender, and home district.ResultsOf 7,556 major surgical procedures performed from 1996 to 2006, 91% could be placed within the following categories: congenital (n = 2,984; 38%), burn contracture (n = 1,400; 19%), posttraumatic (n = 1,047; 14%), neuromuscular (n = 750; 10%), and infection (n = 731; 10%). The most common diagnosis was congenital clubfoot, which accounted for 2,348 cases (31%). Thirty‐three percent of cases (n = 2,447) involved injuries (burns, fractures, dislocations). While burns most commonly involved the upper extremity, fractures in the elbow region were the most frequent posttraumatic problem. The most common neuromuscular diagnosis was poliomyelitis. The sequelae of musculoskeletal sepsis represented 731 cases (10%), most commonly chronic osteomyelitis. Other diagnoses termed miscellaneous included angular deformities of the lower extremities, scoliosis and other spinal deformities, hip dysplasia, and tumors.ConclusionsThe majority of surgical pathology involved injuries and congenital problems (mainly clubfoot). The presentation was delayed in most patients, and in such cases, the treatment is more complex and costly, and the desired functional outcome is difficult to achieve. In addition to preventive measures, morbidity cases could have been reduced by the timely provision of services at the primary referral level. Strengthening the delivery of basic orthopedic services at primary health care facilities may eliminate or reduce the need for complex reconstructive procedures and diminish the likelihood of permanent disability in our population.
Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors Attenuate Acute Lung Injury During Cecal Ligation and Puncture‐Induced Polymicrobial Sepsis
Authors: Zhang Li , Jin Shengwei , Wang Changdong , Jiang Rong , Wan Jingyuan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have emerged as the useful reagents that epigenetically modulate the expression of various genes. In the present study, the effects of HDAC inhibitors on the expression of inflammation‐related genes and lung injury during sepsis were investigated.MethodsMice were pretreated with two structurally unrelated HDAC inhibitors, Trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate (SB). Thirty minutes later, mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)‐induced sepsis. Lung injury and the expression of inflammation‐related molecules were determined. In addition, survival was assessed post‐CLP.ResultsOur results indicated that administration of TSA or SB alleviated sepsis‐induced lung injury. This was accompanied by reduced neutrophil infiltration, decreased intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) and E‐selectin expression in lung tissue, and lower interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) level in plasma. In addition, treatment with HDAC inhibitors significantly prolonged the survival time of CLP mice.ConclusionsThese data indicated that the HDAC inhibitors, based on modulating the key enzymes linked to acetylation modification, effectively attenuate intrapulmonary inflammatory response, thus significantly alleviating lung injury during sepsis.
Four years of expanded newborn screening in Portugal with tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Vilarinho Laura , Rocha Hugo , Sousa Carmen , Marcão Ana , Fonseca Helena , Bogas Mário , Osório Rui Vaz 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIntroductionThe Portuguese Neonatal Screening Programme (PNSP) was started in 1979 for phenylketonuria (2,590,700 newborns screened; prevalence 1:11,031) and, shortly after, for congenital hypothyroidism (2,558,455 newborns screened; prevalence 1:3,174). In 2004, expanded neonatal screening was implemented in the National Laboratory. The programme is not mandatory and has 99.8% coverage of the country (including Madeira and the Azores islands).Material and methodsIn the past 4 years, 316,243 neonates were screened with the use of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) to test for selected amino acids and acylcarnitines.ResultsDuring this time, 132 patients were identified with 24 different inherited metabolic diseases (classic forms and variants). To date, the global frequency for all disorders integrated into the PNSP is estimated to be 1:1,380, with 1:2,396 for metabolic disorders. A total of 379 tests (0.12%) were classified as having false positive results, yielding an overall specificity of 99.9%. Despite the low frequency of several disorders, the positive predictive value of the overall MS/MS screening was found to be 26%, reflecting high diagnostic specificity of the method. Diagnostic sensitivity of extended screening for the different groups of disorders was 100%. Eight cases of maternal disorders [three glutaric aciduria type I, one carnitine transporter defect, and four 3‐methylcrotonyl coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase deficiency] were also detected through newborn screening.ConclusionsOur data support the advantage of a centralised laboratory for screening an elevated number of samples and making decisions if relying on a clinical network able to provide fast treatment and a good outcome in the screened cases.