bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of child abuse cases admitted in pediatric service in Japan I. Two types of abusive process in low birth‐weight infants
Authors: TANIMURA MASAKO , MATSUI ICHIRO , KOBAYASHI NOBORU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA very high rate (43.0%) of low birth‐weight (LBW) was shown in 331 abused/neglected cases reported from pediatric clinics of major hospitals in Japan.Of 87 LBW cases, 82.8% had medical problems and/or unsatisfactory reunion after non‐home care and were abused at a particular age when each of the problems may have caused difficulties in caring. Two types of processes to abuse these intractable LBW were estimated: (i) abusers with psychiatric, mental problems or poor knowledge abused their children during the first 2 years, presumably because of an inability in child rearing; and (ii) abusers with neurosis or abnormal personality abused at ages over 2 years, complained of difficulties with rearing their children, and were suspected to be unable to cope with the difficulties. In both types, a combination of child and parental problems increased at risk.Obstetricians and neonatologists, who first encounter both high‐risk mothers while pregnant and LBW, should give due care to the prevention of child abuse.
HLA‐DQB1 allele associates with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in Japanese children
Authors: KOBAYASHI TAKEHIRO , OGAWA ATSUSHI , TAKAHASHI KATSUAKI , UCHIYAMA MAKOTO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractHLA‐DQA1 and ‐DQB1 genes were investigated in 30 Japanese children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) using the polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Compared with control children, there was a significant increase in the HLA‐DQA1 *0501, DQB1 *0301 and DQB1 *0601 alleles, whereas the frequency of DQB1 *0501 showed a significant decrease in the patients. The increase of DQA1 *0501 can be explained as being a result of a linkage disequilibrium with DQB1 *0301. The previous result demonstrating a positive association of DRw6 and DRw8 with INS is also assumed to be attributable to a linkage disequilibrium with DQB1 *0301 and 0601. A total of 83% of patients compared with 37% of controls possessed DQB1 *0301 and/or DQB1 *0601 allele (P < 0.001, RR = 8.6). Only these alleles have alanine at residue 13 and tyrosine at residue 26 in the hypervariable region in the β1 domain of DQB1 gene. These findings suggest that the unique amino acid residues in the DQB1 gene may contribute to disease susceptibility in Japanese children with INS.
Herpes zoster in children with bone marrow transplantation: Report from a single institution
Authors: NAKAYAMA HIDEKI , OKAMURA JUN , OHGA SHOUICHI , MIYAZAKI CHIAKI , MATSUZAKI AKINOBU , IKUNO YOSHIKO , UEDA KOHJI , TASAKA HIDEKO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractHerpes zoster (HZ) has been often observed after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in childhood. The occurrence of HZ was reviewed in children who received BMT. The clinical features of HZ were reviewed in 44 children who underwent BMT at Kyushu Cancer Center. Among the 35 recipients with a history of varicella before BMT, several factors associated with BMT and the lymphocyte subsets were compared between the patients who developed HZ (HZ + group) and those who did not (HZ‐ group). Twenty‐two recipients (50%) developed HZ; in two‐thirds of these cases (15/22: 68%), HZ occurred between 80 and 120 days after BMT (median 101 days). The recipients treated with busulfan had a higher occurrence of HZ than those treated without it. The patients with Grade II‐IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) developed HZ more frequently. In the HZ + group, the absolute number of lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+ or CD8+ cells at 3 months was significantly lower than that observed at 12 months after BMT and the CD4/CD8 ratio was significantly lower at 1 month than after 3 months of BMT. In conclusion, recipients were susceptible to HZ at around 100 days after BMT. The development of HZ may be associated with unbalanced T lymphocytes at that time.
Clinical patterns of × linked agammaglobulinemia in Malaysian children
Authors: NOH LM , ISMAIL Z. , ZAINUDIN BMZ , LOW SM , AZIZI BHO , NOAH RM , NASARUDDIN BA 
Published: January 2011

AbstractX linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is rarely reported from developing countries especially from South East Asia. It appears that × linked agammaglobulinemia is less common in certain ethnic groups. It is very uncommon in black people in USA and South Africa. In multiracial Malaysia we have documented five XLA in Malays and Indians but not in the Chinese that constitute about 31% of the population. First degree relatives afflicted with XLA or other primary immunodeficiencies occurred more often in our study. All showed lung involvement although the etiologic organisms involved were atypical, being Gram negative.
Left renal pelvis of male neonates is predisposed to dilatation
Authors: HIRAOKA MASAHIRO , MORIKAWA KIYOSHI , HORI CHIKAHIDE , TSUCHIDA SHINYA , KASUGA KENKO , TOMINAGA TOSHIRO , SUDO MASAKATSU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractDilatation of the renal pelvis has been observed as an ultrasonographic finding of ureteral reflux as well as hydronephrosis. However, little information is available on the prevalence of renal pelvis dilatation in neonates. We measured the inner pelvis dimension of the kidneys in 511 apparently healthy neonates (279 boys and 232 girls) using an ultrasound scanner to determine the prevalence of renal pelvis dilatation. Ninety per cent of the neonates had an inner dimension of both renal pelvises below 5 mm. The prevalence of left renal pelvis dilatation of 5 mm or more was significantly higher in the boys than in the girls, 25 (9%) compared to 5 (2%). In contrast, no significant difference was found in the prevalence of right renal pelvis dilatation between the sexes. In the boys, the prevalence of renal pelvis dilatation of 6 mm or more was significantly higher on the left side than on the right. Moreover, the left renal pelvis dilatation of the male neonates had a tendency to persist at 1 month of age. These findings suggest that the left renal pelvis of the baby boy may be predisposed to dilatation.
Treatment of hyperkalemia in children with intravenous salbutamol
Authors: NOYAN AYTÜL , ANARAT ALIİ , PIRTI MELTEM , YURDAKUL ZİYA 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous salbutamol in hyperkalemia. Fourteen children with chronic renal failure, three with acute renal failure and hyperkalemia were treated by intravenous infusions of 4μg/kg salbutamol. Reductions in the mean plasma potassium (K+) concentrations obtained at 40 and 120 min after therapy were statistically significant when compared with the mean plasma K+ concentration at the beginning of therapy (P < 0.01).
Effect of hypocalcemia on muscle in disorders of calcium metabolism
Authors: ISHIKAWA TATSUYA , SAITO MARIKO , MORISHITA HIDEKO , WATANABE ISAMU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe reported on three hypocalcemic patients with various serum creatine kinase (CK) levels and Ca metabolic disorders. Two patients with moderate hypocalcemia had increased CK levels (hyper‐CK‐emia), which normalized during treatment for the hypocalcemia; a negative correlation between the Ca and CK levels was observed in both patients. The remaining patient with mild hypocalcemia had a normal CK level. We discuss the effect of hypocalcemia on muscle in our patients as well as previously reported patients. Muscle may respond to hypocalcemia in three stages, namely homeostatic, asymptomatic hyper‐CK‐emic and myopathic stages.
Peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in three infants with hepatosplenomegaly caused by cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: KANEGANE HIROKAZU , SHINTANI NAOHISA , MIYAMORI CHIAKI , IRIMICHI HIDEKI , MIYAWAKI TOSHIO , TANIGUCHI NOBORU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractMononucleosis is defined as atypical lymphocyte proliferation which causes clinical symptoms such as tonsillitis, lymphadenopathy, or hepatosplenomegaly. Mononucleosis syndrome is caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV), Toxoplasma, hepatitis virus, adenovirus, or other agents as well as by Epstein — Barr virus. The syndrome is immunologically characterized by the proliferation of activated T cells (HLA‐DR+ T cells). We encountered three infants with hepatosplenomegaly who were diagnosed as primary CMV infection by the detection of anti‐CMV IgM antibody. Although the patients were otherwise asymptomatic, analysis of lymphocyte subpopulations showed a decreased ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells and augmented expression of HLA‐DR antigen on T cells characteristic of infectious mononucleosis. We conclude that inapparent CMV disease may affect the immunologic status of infected children even if it is asymptomatic.
Serratia marcescens lung abscess in a child with autoimmune neutropenia
Authors: MIZOTA MICHIYO , KAWAKAMI KIYOSHI , IJICHI OSAMU , TAKEZAKI TOSHIRO , MIYATA KOICHIRO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThough Serratia marcescens is widely known to be the cause of serious infections in immuno‐compromised hosts, a lung abscess caused by S. marcescens is very rare. A 5 year old boy who had previously been diagnosed with autoimmune neutropenia was admitted because of fever and cough. In spite of treatment with some antibiotics, he developed a lung abscess. Aspiration of the pleural fluid revealed that S. marcescens was the pathogen of the disease. In the present case, there were feasible risk factors for the development of Serratia lung abscess namely neutropenia, chronic gingivitis at the time, and treatment with cyclosporin A. There are no reported cases of autoimmune neutropenia which developed into a S. marcescens lung abscess in the literature as far as we can determine.
Successful treatment of retinoic acid syndrome with high‐dose dexamethasone pulse therapy in a child with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with ATRA
Authors: ASAMI KEIKO , SASAZAKI YOSHIHIRO , UTSUMI JIROU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA 5 year old female developed femoral pain, fever, and hemorrhagic tendency. She was diagnosed as having acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Approximately 2 weeks after the administration of all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA), she developed a high fever, edema, and respiratory distress which met the criteria for retinoic acid syndrome. At first, we tried to treat the patient with oral corticosteroid, however, this approach was unsuccessful. Considering the worsening of her condition, we then chose to administer a large dose of intravenous dexamethasone therapy for 3 days. Immediately after this therapy, she became afebrile, respiratory distress and edema disappeared, and there was a general improvement of the symptoms. All‐trans retinoic acid at the reduced dose of 25 mg/m2, was continued for an additional 6 weeks and then discontinued. Since the cessation of dexamethasone and ATRA, there has been no relapse of APL in this patient. Although based on only one case, we recommend the intravenous high‐dose dexamethasone pulse therapy (13 mg/m2 per day, for 3 days) for treating retinoic acid syndrome which develops in pediatric APL patients treated with ATRA.
Disappearance of neutrophil fluctuations in a child with cyclic neutropenia by combination therapy of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor and high‐dose immunoglobulin
Authors: ISHIDA YASUSHI , HIGAKI AKI , TAUCHI HISAMICHI , YOKOTA YOSHIKO , MATSUDA HIROSHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe report on a patient with cyclic neutropenia who was treated by granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) and high‐dose immunoglobulin. The serial examination revealed cyclic fluctuations in the numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, platelets in peripheral blood, and in the serum G‐CSF concentration. Bone marrow examination confirmed a cyclic fluctuation of both progenitor cells (CFU‐GM) and CD10‐positive B cells. The therapy of G‐CSF followed by high‐dose immunoglobulin achieved a disappearance of neutrophil oscillations. It suggested that the combination therapy of G‐CSF with high‐dose immunoglobulin might be effective for cyclic neutropenia.
Peripheral expansion of Vδ1‐Jδ1/Jδ2+γδT cells and large granular lymphocytes in a patient with Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome
Authors: MIZUNO YUMI , MORIO TOMOHIRO , HARA TOSHIRO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA 7 month old Japanese boy was diagnosed to have Wiskott‐Aldrich syndrome (WAS) because of eczema, thrombocytopenia, progressive immune defect and CD43 (sialophorin) abnormality. He had developed repeated infections since 16 months of age. γδT cell‐receptor positive T cells in the peripheral blood were gradually increased from 3.1% (7 months of age) to 5.6% (12 months), 19.6% (18 months) and 56.7% (25 months). The phenotypes of expanded γδT cells were δTCS1‐positive (Vδ1‐Jδ1/Jδ2) and CD8 dim‐positive. The proportion of increased granular lymphocytes correlated well with that of γδT cells. The significance of peripheral expansion of γδT cells and granular lymphocytes in WAS is discussed.
Persistent chorea following cardiac surgery for congenital heart disease
Authors: OSARI SHIN‐ICHI , MURANAKA HIDEKI , KOJIMA TADASHI , KIMURA YOSHIHARU 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe describe a 6 year old girl with chorea following cardiac surgery, the first such report in Japan. The radical operation for total anomalous pulmonary venous return was carried out at the age of 11 months under hypothermia. Seven days after the operation, a sudden onset of irritability, dysphagia, chorea, generalized hypotonia, and complete external ophthalmoplegia were seen. These symptoms diminished gradually, but chorea remained. We speculated that the cause of chorea arose from the cardiac surgery under hypothermia. It is necessary to consider ‘cardiac surgery’ as one of the triggers of certain movement disorders including chorea. We tried treatment with haloperidol, pimozide, and several other drugs; only pimozide was effective in decreasing chorea without any side‐effects.
Clinical study of heavy‐for‐dates neonates
Authors: WATANABE YOKO 
Published: January 2011

AbstractIncidence and morbidity rates of heavy‐for‐dates (HFD) term neonates were examined to elucidate whether HFD neonates are at high risk. At the same time the criteria for HFD, defined by the fetal growth curve published in 1983 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, were evaluated. A sample of 15377 term neonates who were born between 1984 and 1990 were obtained. Still‐births and neonates from non‐Japanese mothers were excluded. The overall incidence of HFD neonates was 5.13%. The morbidity rate excluding idiopathic hyperbilirubinemia was 10.0%, which increased with gestational age and was accompanied by an increment of birth trauma. The main diagnosis of hospitalization of HFD neonates was birth trauma followed by respiratory disorders. The incidences of hypoglycemia and polycythemia, regarded as major problems of HFD neonates, were low. The main causes of hospitalization of HFD neonates are associated with difficulty at delivery due to their heavy weight. There were no significant differences in the morbidity rate of neonates defined by the deviation of birth‐weight from the mean + 1.3 s.d. to + 2.5 s.d. On the other hand, neonates of birth weight over 3750 g had significantly high morbidity rates. Criteria defined by the absolute birth‐weight of over 3750 g are more appropriate to screen risk neonates with heavy weight rather than the criteria for HFD as being above mean birth‐weight + 1.5 s.d.
Dependence of canine right coronary arterial flow upon heart rate and right ventricular pressure
Authors: OKI NAOKI , AWA SYOICHI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThere is a paucity of knowledge regarding right coronary pulsatile hemodynamics when the right ventricle is under hemodynamic overload as is often the case in pediatric patients with congenital cardiac anomalies. To elucidate the exact mechanisms for the right coronary artery (RCA) to cope with the overload, we studied nine open‐chest adult Beagles and analyzed the flow signals of the RCA in relation to independently varied heart rate (pacing) and right ventricular pressure (pulmonary artery banding).Both increased heart rate and right ventricular pressure increased the total volume flow of the RCA. The diastolic over total flow ratio (D/T), however, enlarged on increasing right ventricular pressures while it declined on increasing heart rates. Our data confirmed, as well, that increased flow of RCA on rising heart rate was provided mainly by an increase in systolic phase, while the increase on augmented right ventricular pressure was provided by the increase in diastolic phase. The RCA manages to deliver blood to the right ventricular musculature in two different ways in response to increasing heart rate and right ventricular pressure.
Indirect hemagglutination assay for antibodies to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides O157, O111 and O26 in patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome
Authors: MOROOKA TATSUYA , MATANO HIROMI , UMEDA AKIKO , ODA TEIICHI , AMAKO KAZUNOBU , KARMALI MOHAMED A 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe examined sera from 10 patients with hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and 51 controls, with and without diarrhea, for antibodies to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharides (LPS) O157, O111 and O26 using the indirect hemagglutination (IHA) assay. A significant rise (to a titer of ≥ 2560) in IHA antibody to O157 LPS was detected in eight of the 10 HUS patients, to O111 in two patients, one of whom showed concomitantly an antibody rise to O157, but to O26 in no patients. The IHA titers fell rapidly after the acute phase of the illness. Of the control sera 15 (29.4%) non‐specifically agglutinated uncoated sheep red blood cells (SRBC) at a titer of ≥80, six (3.9%) at ≥320 and the maximum was 640. In spite of the relatively low level of non‐specific agglutination the IHA appeared to be a useful screening method to identify verotoxin‐producing E. coli infections at the early stage of HUS because the titers were clearly higher than non‐specific agglutination and the assay is easy to perform and gives results quickly. Artificial carriers are being considered for use in place of SRBC to diminish the non‐specific hemagglutination.
Trends in survival of childhood malignancy for the past three decades I: Leukemia, malignant lymphoma, neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma and neoplasms of the urinary and digestive organs
Authors: SAITO TOMOHIRO ,   THE COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDIES OF THE TREATMENTS,   THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDHOOD CANCERS
Published: January 2011

AbstractSurvival of some types of childhood neoplasms has improved considerably but remained poor for other types. Improvement in survival rate of common types of childhood neoplasms over the past three decades was assessed at the largest children's hospital in Japan.Using the data of the cancer registry of the hospital which recorded all the patients from 1965 to 1993, totalling 1026 cases, survival rate was analyzed for each type of neoplasm categorized by the S‐classification for childhood neoplasms, a modification of the International Classification of Diseases. Survival was assessed for five 5 year periods from 1965 and a 4 year period from 1990–93.The 5 year survival rate for all neoplasms combined improved from 21.8% in the 1965–69 period to 73.3% in the 1985–89 period. Female patients' survival was better than male patients' in all periods. The improvement in survival rate was considerable for leukemia and malignant lymphoma, fairly good for neoplasms of the renal (mostly Wilms' tumor) and digestive (mostly hepatoblastoma) organs and moderate for neuroblastoma.Overall, survival rates of childhood neoplasms improved considerably. Much of this improvement was explained by a great improvement in survival rates of neoplasms of the blood which constituted the majority of patients.
Trends in survival of childhood malignancy for the past three decades II: Neoplasms of the respiratory, skeletal, genital, skin and endocrine organs and malignant teratomas
Authors: SAITO TOMOHIRO ,   THE COMMITTEE FOR THE STUDIES OF THE TREATMENTS,   THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CHILDHOOD CANCERS
Published: January 2011

AbstractSurvival of childhood neoplasms has improved considerably during the past three decades. Improvement in survival rate for relatively infrequent neoplasms was assessed based on data obtained from the largest children's hospital in Japan.Using the data of the cancer registry of the hospital which recorded all the patients from 1965 to 1993 totalling 1026 cases, survival rate was analyzed for each type of neoplasm categorized by the S‐classification for Childhood Neoplasms, a modification of the International Classification of Diseases. Survival was assessed for three 10 year periods from 1965 for infrequent neoplasms and for two 15 year periods for rare neoplasms.Improvement of survival was considerable in the neoplasms of the respiratory organs, genital organs and germ cell tumors, moderate in bone tumors and poor in the muscle and connective tissues.In conclusion, in some types of relatively infrequent neoplasms, survival improved considerably. But in soft parts and connective tissues (mostly rhabdomyosarcoma) improvement of survival was poor.
Comprehensive treatment of advanced neuroblastoma involving autologous bone marrow transplant
Authors: MUGISHIMA HIDEO , HARADA KENSUKE , SUZUKI TAKASHI , CHIN MOTOAKI , SHIMADA TOSHIAKI , TAKAMURA MAYUMI , SHICHINO HIROYUKI , FUJISAWA TAKAHITO , ICHIKAWA MASATAKA , IWATA MITSUMASA , OKABE IKUO , SANUKI EIICHI , TANAKA YOSHIAKI , ONUMA NAOMI , TANABE MASAHIRO , OKAMATSU TAKAO , KOIZUMI SHOICHI , KAJIMOTO TERUHO , SERINE ISAO , OKADA NOBORU , YOKOYAMA JOTARO , KATO SYUNICHI , SAEKI MORIHIRO , AKATSUKA JUNICHI , KIKUTA ATSUSHI , TSUKIMOTO ICHIRO , KITO HIDEYUKI , MIMAYA JUNICHI , FUJIMOTO TAKEO , OHIRA MUTSURO , KANEKO MICHIO , TSUCHIDA YOSHIAKI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractEncouraging results are reported with high‐dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation in the treatment of advanced neuroblastoma. However, relapse remains a significant problem.We used high‐dose chemotherapy, surgery, intraoperative radiation and an autologous bone marrow transplant treated in vitro to remove tumor cells followed by 13‐cis‐retinoic acid to treat 36 children with advanced neuroblastoma. This comprehensive treatment appears to improve the survival rate of patients with advanced neuroblastoma, including those with N‐myc amplification and bony involvement. The disease‐free survival rate was 66% (95% confidence interval, 49–84%) at 3 years. All patients who received 13‐cis‐retinoic acid developed cheilitis, but no bone marrow depression occurred in these patients. Five patients developed hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) post‐transplant. This may have been related to the procedure used for total body irradiation. Patients who had their kidneys shielded during this procedure did not develop this syndrome. Patients who received local irradiation at the primary site showed no evidence of relapse in this region, indicating that such therapy may help to prevent a relapse.These data suggest a high rate of 3 year disease‐free survival with this treatment strategy. The nonrandomized nature of the study and use of multiple modalities precludes analysis of the specific contribution of each.
Lymphocyte subpopulations in children with vitamin D deficient rickets
Authors: YENER ERDAL , ÇOKER CANAN , CURA ALPHAN , KESKINOGLU AHMET , MIR SEVGI 
Published: January 2011

AbstractRecent studies have shown 1,25(OH)2D3‐mediated modulation of the immune system. We examined lymphocyte subpopulations of 16 children with nutritional rickets. Most of the patients suffered more frequent infection episodes than the control group of 15 healthy children and low serum levels of 25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D, such as 38.2 ± 8.6 ng/mL and 15.7 ± 2.6 pg/mL respectively. This decrease correlated with a significant decrease in total T lymphocytes and an increase in B lymphocytes expressing surface IgA, IgM, IgG molecules. These results suggest that vitamin D plays an important role in the impaired functions of T lymphocytes which may lead to frequent infection episodes in nutritional rickets.