bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of humidity on thermoregulatory physiology of a small songbird
Authors: Porter Cody K. , Cortes Kevin M. , Levy Ofir , Riddell Eric A. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Scholander–Irving curves describe the relationship between ambient temperature and metabolic rate and are fundamental to understanding the energetic demands of homeothermy. However, Scholander–Irving curves are typically measured in dry air, which is not representative of the humidity many organisms experience in nature. Consequently, it is unclear (1) whether Scholander–Irving curves (especially below thermoneutrality) are altered by humidity, given the effects of humidity on thermal properties of air, and (2) whether physiological responses associated with Scholander–Irving curves in the lab reflect organismal performance in humid field conditions. We used laboratory experiments and biophysical models to test the effects of humidity on the thermoregulatory physiology of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). We also tested whether physiological responses measured under lab conditions were correlated with field body temperatures and nestling provisioning rates. We found that humidity reduced rates of evaporative water loss but did not have large effects on body temperature or metabolic rate, suggesting that swallows can decouple evaporative cooling, body temperature and metabolic rate. Although the effect of humidity on metabolic rate in the lab was small, our biophysical models indicated that energetic costs of thermoregulation were ∼8% greater in simulations that used metabolic rates from birds in humid compared with dry conditions. Finally, we found mixed evidence that physiological responses measured in the lab under humid or dry conditions were associated with body temperature and nest provisioning rates in the field. Our results help clarify the effect of humidity on endotherm thermoregulation, which may help forecast organismal responses to environmental change.
PATH-2 TRIAL: PLATELET-RICH PLASMA FOR ACUTE ACHILLES TENDON RUPTURE. TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP OF THE RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, SUPERIORITY TRIAL
Authors: Alsousou J. , Keene D. , Harrison P. , O'Connor H. , Wagland S. , Dutton S. , Hulley P. , Lamb S. , Willett K. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe PATH-2 trial found no evidence of a benefit of Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) injection versus a placebo after Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) at six-months. ATR often leave longer-term functional deficiencies beyond six-months. This study aim is to determine if PRP affect tendon functional outcomes at two-years after rupture.Study designRandomised multi-centre two-arm parallel-group, participant- and assessor-blinded, superiority trial.MethodsAdults with acute ATR managed non-surgically were recruited in 19 UK hospitals from 2015 to 2019. Exclusions were insertion or musculotendinous injuries, leg injury or deformity, diabetes, haematological disorder, corticosteroids and anticoagulation therapy. Participants were randomised via an online system 1:1 to PRP or placebo. Primary outcome was Achilles Tendon Rupture Score (ATRS) at two-years. Secondary outcomes were pain, Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), SF-12 and re-rupture. Assessors were blinded. Intention-to-treat and Compliance Average Causal effects (CACE) analyses were carried out. Consistency of effects across subgroups age, BMI, smoking and gender were assessed using Forest plots. Pearson's correlation was used to explore ATRS correlation with blood and growth factors.Results216/230 (94%) participants completed the 6-months follow-up were contacted. 182/216 (84%) completed the two-year follow-up. Participants were aged mean 46 (SD 13.0), 57 female/159 male. 96% received the allocated intervention. Two-years ATRS scores were 82.2 (SD 18.3) in the PRP group (n=85) and 83.8 (SD 16.0) in the placebo group (n=92). There was no evidence of a difference in the two-years ATRS (adjusted-mean difference −0.752 95%CI −5.523 to 4.020, p=0.757), or in any secondary outcome, and no re-rupture between at two-years. Neither PRP cellular or growth factors correlated with the two-year ATRS.ConclusionPRP did not improve patient-reported function or quality of life two-years after acute Achilles tendon rupture, compared with placebo, indicating that PRP offers no patient benefit in the longer term.
LONG-TERM FOLLOW-UP OF COMPLEX CALCANEAL OSTEOMYELITIS TREATED WITH MODIFIED GAENSLEN APPROACH
Authors: Kendal A. , Down B. , Loizou C. , McNally M. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe treatment of chronic calcaneal osteomyelitis is a challenging and increasing problem because of the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and operative fixation of heel fractures. In 1931, Gaenslen reported treatment of hematogenous calcaneal osteomyelitis by surgical excision through a midline, sagittal plantar incision. We have refined this approach to allow successful healing and early mobilization in a modern series of complex patients with hematogenous, diabetic, and postsurgical osteomyelitis.MethodsTwenty-eight patients (mean age 54.6 years, range 20–94) with Cierny-Mader stage IIIB chronic osteomyelitis were treated with sagittal incision and calcaneal osteotomy, excision of infected bone, and wound closure. All patients received antibiotics for at least 6 weeks, and bone defects were filled with an antibiotic carrier in 20 patients. Patients were followed for a mean of 31 months (SD 25.4). Primary outcome measures were recurrence of calcaneal osteomyelitis and below-knee amputation. Secondary outcome measures included 30-day postoperative mortality and complications, duration of postoperative inpatient stay, footwear adaptions, mobility, and use of walking aids.ResultsAll 28 patients had failed previous medical and surgical treatment. Eighteen patients (64%) had significant comorbidities. The commonest causes of infection were diabetes ± ulceration (11 patients), fracture-related infection (4 patients), pressure ulceration, hematogenous spread, and penetrating soft tissue trauma. The overall recurrence rate of calcaneal osteomyelitis was 18% (5 patients) over the follow-up period, of which 2 patients (7%) required a below-knee amputation. Eighteen patients (64%) had a foot that comfortably fitted into a normal shoe with a custom insole. A further 6 patients (21%) required a custom-made shoe, and only 3 patients required a custom-made boot.ConclusionOur results show that a repurposed Gaenslen calcanectomy is simple, safe, and effective in treating this difficult condition in a patient group with significant local and systemic comorbidities.
STRUCTURAL VALIDATION OF THE MANCHESTER-OXFORD FOOT QUESTIONNAIRE (MOXFQ) FOR USE IN FOOT AND ANKLE SURGERY
Authors: Goodall R. , Borsky K. , Harrison C. , Welck M. , Malhotra K. , Rodrigues J. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThe Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ) is a condition specific patient reported outcome measure (PROM) for foot and ankle surgery. It consists of 16 items across three subscales measuring distinct, but related traits: walking/standing ability, pain, and social interaction. Although it is the most used foot and ankle PROM in the UK, initial MOxFQ validation involved analysis of only 100 individuals undergoing hallux valgus surgery. This project aimed to establish whether an individual's response to the MOxFQ varies with anatomical region of disease (measurement invariance), and to explore structural validity of the factor structure (subscale items) of the MOxFQ.MethodsThis was a single-centre, prospective cohort study involving 6640 patients (mean age 52, range 10–90 years) presenting with a wide range of foot and ankle pathologies between 2013 and 2021. Firstly, to assess whether the MOxFQ responses vary by anatomical region of foot and ankle disease, we performed multi-group confirmatory factor analysis. Secondly, to assess the structural validity of the subscale items, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed.ResultsMeasurement invariance by pathology was confirmed suggesting the same model can be used across all foot and ankle anatomical regions. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated a 2–3 factor model, and suggested that item 13 (inability to carry out my work/everyday activities) and item 14 (inability to undertake social/recreational activities) loaded more positively onto the walking/standing subscale than their original social interaction subscale.ConclusionsThis large-cohort study supports the current widespread use of the MOxFQ across a broad range of foot and ankle pathologies. Items 13 and 14 might be better moved from the “social interaction” to the “walking/standing” subscale and this may have future implications for deriving/analysing subscale scores.
La ligereza del Tribunal Supremo ante las víctimas de trata
Authors: Martínez Escamilla Margarita 
Published: June 2024

La sentencia analizada va más allá del caso concreto enjuiciado, al realizar importantes pronunciamientos sobre el “principio de no punición” a las víctimas de trata recogido en el art. 177 bis 11 del Código penal, pronunciamientos que restringen la aplicación de este principio, que es un derecho de las víctimas. Lo hace, además, con una motivación descuidada que no se corresponde con la novedad y trascendencia de las cuestiones planteadas, ni con el enfoque de derechos humanos que ha presidir el acercamiento a las víctimas de trata y que exige un deber reforzado de atención y motivación.
La sentencia del Supremo revoca una sentencia absolutoria y devuelve el caso al tribunal de instancia para que examine otras posibilidades de adecuar la responsabilidad penal a la situación de necesidad y extrema vulnerabilidad de Angelina y al abuso que se hizo de ella. Este trabajo finaliza apuntando algunas alternativas posibles.
The epidemiologic and economic burden of dengue in Singapore: A systematic review
Authors: Ting Rita , Dickens Borame L. , Hanley Riona , Cook Alex R. , Ismail Ellyana 
Published: June 2024

Background
Despite its well-regarded vector control program, Singapore remains susceptible to dengue epidemics. To assist evaluation of dengue interventions, we aimed to synthesize current data on the epidemiologic and economic burden of dengue in Singapore.

Methodology
We used multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, international/national repositories, surveillance) to search for published and gray literature (2000–2022). We included observational and cost studies, and two interventional studies, reporting Singapore-specific data on our co-primary outcomes, dengue incidence and dengue-related costs. Quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and an adapted cost-of-illness evaluation checklist. We performed a narrative synthesis and grouped studies according to reported outcomes and available stratified analyses.

Findings
In total, 333 reports (330 epidemiological, 3 economic) were included. Most published epidemiological studies (89%) and all economic studies were of good quality. All gray literature reports were from the Ministry of Health or National Environment Agency. Based predominantly on surveillance data, Singapore experienced multiple outbreaks in 2000–2021, attaining peak incidence rate in 2020 (621.1 cases/100,000 person-years). Stratified analyses revealed the highest incidence rates in DENV-2 and DENV-3 serotypes and the 15–44 age group. Among dengue cases, the risk of hospitalization has been highest in the ≥45-year-old age groups while the risks of dengue hemorrhagic fever and death have generally been low (both <1%) for the last decade. Our search yielded limited data on deaths by age, severity, and infection type (primary, secondary, post-secondary). Seroprevalence (dengue immunoglobulin G) increases with age but has remained <50% in the general population. Comprising 21–63% indirect costs, dengue-related total costs were higher in 2010–2020 (SGD 148 million) versus the preceding decade (SGD 58–110 million).

Conclusion
Despite abundant passive surveillance data, more stratified and up-to-date data on the epidemiologic and economic burden of dengue are warranted in Singapore to continuously assess prevention and management strategies.
Population attributable fractions of cancer mortality related to indoor air pollution, animal contact, and water source as environmental risk factors: Findings from the Golestan Cohort Study
Authors: Rezaei Negar , Sharafkhah Maryam , Farahmand Yalda , Sepanlou Sadaf G. , Dalvand Sahar , Poustchi Hossein , Sajadi Alireza , Masoudi Sahar , Roshandel Gholamreza , Khoshnia Masoud , Eslami Layli , Akhlaghi Mahboube , Delavari Alireza 
Published: June 2024

Background
Environmental risk factors are significant contributors to cancer mortality, which are neglected.

Purpose
This study aimed to estimate the population attributable fraction of cancer mortality due to the environmental risk factors.

Methods
Golestan cohort study is a population-base cohort on 50045 participants between 40–75 with about 18 years of follow up. We detected 2,196 cancer mortality and applied a multiple Cox model to compute the hazard ratio of environmental risk factor on all cancer and cancer-specific mortality. The population attributable fraction was calculated, accordingly.

Results
Biomass fuels for cooking, as an indoor air pollution, increased the risk of colorectal, esophageal, gastric cancer, and all-cancer mortality by 84%, 66%, 37%, and 17% respectively. Using gas for cooking, particularly in rural areas, could save 6% [Population Attributable Fraction: 6.36(95%CI: 1.82, 10.70)] of esophageal cancer, 3% [Population Attributable Fraction: 3.43 (0, 7.33)] of gastric cancer, and 6% [Population Attributable Fraction: 6.25 (1.76, 13.63)] of colorectal cancer mortality. Using a healthy tap water source could save 5% [Population Attributable Fraction:5.50(0, 10.93)] of esophageal cancer mortality, particularly in rural areas. There was no significant association between indoor air pollution for heating purposes and animal contact with cancer mortality.

Conclusion
Considering the results of this study, eliminating solid fuel for most daily usage, among the population with specific cancer types, is required to successfully reduce cancer related mortality. Adopting appropriate strategies and interventions by policymakers such as educating the population, allocating resources for improving the healthy environment of the community, and cancer screening policies among susceptible populations could reduce cancer related mortalities.
Precision prevention in worksite health–A scoping review on research trends and gaps
Authors: Mess Filip , Blaschke Simon , Schick Teresa S. , Friedrich Julian 
Published: June 2024

Objectives
To map the current state of precision prevention research in the workplace setting, specifically to study contexts and characteristics, and to analyze the precision prevention approach in the stages of risk assessment/data monitoring, data analytics, and the health promotion interventions implemented.

Methods
Six international databases were searched for studies published between January 2010 and May 2023, using the term “precision prevention” or its synonyms in the context of worksite health promotion.

Results
After screening 3,249 articles, 129 studies were reviewed. Around three-quarters of the studies addressed an intervention (95/129, 74%). Only 14% (18/129) of the articles primarily focused on risk assessment and data monitoring, and 12% of the articles (16/129) mainly included data analytics studies. Most of the studies focused on behavioral outcomes (61/160, 38%), followed by psychological (37/160, 23%) and physiological (31/160, 19%) outcomes of health (multiple answers were possible). In terms of study designs, randomized controlled trials were used in more than a third of all studies (39%), followed by cross-sectional studies (18%), while newer designs (e.g., just-in-time-adaptive-interventions) are currently rarely used. The main data analyses of all studies were regression analyses (44% with analyses of variance or linear mixed models), whereas machine learning methods (e.g., Algorithms, Markov Models) were conducted only in 8% of the articles.

Discussion
Although there is a growing number of precision prevention studies in the workplace, there are still research gaps in applying new data analysis methods (e.g., machine learning) and implementing innovative study designs. In the future, it is desirable to take a holistic approach to precision prevention in the workplace that encompasses all the stages of precision prevention (risk assessment/data monitoring, data analytics and interventions) and links them together as a cycle.
Numerical Analysis of a Second-Order Algorithm for the Time-Dependent Natural Convection Problem
Authors: Chen Yiru , Yang Yun-Bo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, a second-order algorithm based on the spectral deferred correction method is constructed for the time-dependent natural convection problem, which allows one to automatically increase the accuracy of a first-order backward-Euler time-stepping method through using spectral integration on Gaussian quadrature nodes and constructing the corrections.
A complete theoretical analysis is presented to prove that this algorithm is unconditionally stable and possesses second-order accuracy in time.
Numerical examples are given to confirm the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of our algorithm.
Harmonic Maass forms associated with CM newforms
Authors: Ehlen Stephan , Li Yingkun , Schwagenscheidt Markus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we use a regularized theta lifting to construct harmonic Maass forms corresponding to binary theta functions of weight

k
≥
2

k\geq 2

under the 𝜉-operator.
As a result, we show that their holomorphic parts have algebraic Fourier coefficients, with compatible Galois action.
As an application, we prove rationality properties of coefficients of harmonic Maass forms corresponding to CM newforms, answering a question of Bruinier, Ono and Rhoades.
Gott und der Welt gefallen: Zu einem Axiom courtoiser Ethik in der europäischen Höflichkeitsliteratur des Mittelalters und der Frühen Neuzeit
Authors: Schneider Christian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article traces the motif of “pleasing God and the world” through three centuries, from Thomasin von Zerklaere’s Welscher Gast (1215/1216) to texts from the fourteenth-century Habsburg court (Peter Suchenwirt, treatise Von der Ordnung der Fürsten) and Baldesar Castiglione’s Libro del Cortegiano (1518/1528). I argue that the notion of courteous, “polite” behavior remains fundamentally linked throughout the medieval and early modern periods to the desire to synthesize social and religious claims. While in Thomasin and Castiglione the idea of “pleasing God and the world” is based on an essentially neo-Platonic aesthetic, the Habsburg court and its texts display a pious theological interpretation of the motif with a move toward Passion mysticism.
Opening up Corpus FinSL: enriching corpus analysis with linguistic ethnography in a study of constructed action
Authors: Puupponen Anna , Hodge Gabrielle , Anible Benjamin , Salonen Juhana , Wainio Tuija , Keränen Jarkko , Hernández Doris , Jantunen Tommi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Corpus methods are now established within the field of signed language linguistics. Empirical investigations of signed language corpora have challenged many early assumptions about the nature of deaf community signed languages, while making us more aware of the limitations of traditional corpus documentation methods. One limitation relates to insufficient documentation of ethnographic information that is often necessary for accurately understanding and interpreting corpus data. Linguistic ethnography offers unique possibilities for addressing this limitation. This article outlines a novel interview method developed to enrich the original Corpus of Finnish Sign Language (Corpus FinSL) with additional ethnographic information eight years after it was first documented and archived with standard IMDI corpus metadata. We interviewed 22 Corpus FinSL signers about their family and social networks, as well as their lifelong language, geographical, educational, and employment trajectories. Here we describe how this information illuminates the linguistic analysis and interpretation of constructed action – an enactment-based way to express meaning – in Corpus FinSL data. Our results reveal constructed action in FinSL discourse is influenced by factors like signer’s educational background and age, but not exclusively by family networks or use of other sign languages. The interview materials demonstrate diversity and change in the communicative ecologies of FinSL, which is discussed in relation to the use of constructed action in FinSL. We argue that this kind of approach enables signed language corpus linguistics to “open up” more to signers’ lived experiences, while still “tying down” empirical descriptions of FinSL. A major benefit is the enrichment of both machine-readable annotations and metadata, while supporting deeper engagement between deaf signing communities and signed language corpus projects.
Towards robust pharmacovigilance surveillance systems
Authors: Halma Matthew 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Public health officials are currently tasked with the role of regulating medicines, both during the approval process and post-market surveillance. While several successes of pharmacovigilance systems exist, pharmacovigilance systems in place are inadequate for protecting the public, as they are slow to show causation. We argue that while pharmacovigilance system were instrumental in the recall of AstraZeneca and Moderna mRNA Covid vaccines for young people during the Covid-19 pandemic, they were inadequate in identifying several clear safety signals which should have led to their withdrawal from the market. Pharmacovigilance systems have much room for improvement, both in terms of data management, accessibility, and use. We propose several guidelines for pharmacovigilance systems to take to improve their efficacy and their ability to protect the public.
Votive, Spielzeug, Gussformen, oder …? Zu den bronzezeitlichen Miniaturgefäßen in Istrien (Kroatien)
Authors: Hellmuth Kramberger Anja 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird eine besondere Gefäßgruppe aus der früh- bis mittelbronzezeitlichen befestigten Bergsiedlung von Monkodonja nahe Rovinj an der Westküste der Halbinsel Istrien in Kroatien behandelt, und zwar Miniaturgefäße. Unter den Miniaturgefäßen aus Monkodonja lassen sich verschiedene Typengruppen unterscheiden, grobe fingerhut- oder schälchenförmige Objekte, sorgsam gearbeitete Nachahmungen großer Gefäße sowie verschiedene Formen an sehr kleinen, miniaturisierten, Gefäßen wie Krüge, Becher und Kantharoi. Analysen mittels energiedispersiver Röntgenspektroskopie (EDX) und Rasterelektronenmikroskop (SEM) an weißen Krusten, die im Inneren von Fragmenten kleiner Trinkgefäße entdeckt wurden legen nahe, dass die Gefäße einst Substanzen enthielten, die mit Knochenmehl versetzt waren. Mit Ausblick auf archäometrische Untersuchungen an Wandfragmenten mit Bemalung aus Monkodonja sowie an Rückständen an anderen früh- und mittelbronzezeitlichen und äneolithischen Miniaturgefäßen werden die verschiedenen Verwendungsmöglichkeiten der Gefäße diskutiert. Ebenfalls miteinbezogen werden Studien bezüglich des Vorkommens und der Verwendung von Miniaturgefäßen in anderen Regionen des bronzezeitlichen Kommunikationsraumes sowie in anderen Zeitperioden.