bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group V Phospholipase A2 Increases Pulmonary Endothelial Permeability Through Direct Hydrolysis of the Cell Membrane
Authors: Muñoz Nilda M. , Desai Anjali , Meliton Lucille N. , Meliton Angelo Y. , Zhou Tingting , Leff Alan R. , Dudek Steven M. 
Published: June 2012

Acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by inflammatory disruption of the alveolar—vascular barrier, resulting in severe respiratory compromise. Inhibition of the intercellular messenger protein, Group V phospholipase A2 (gVPLA2), blocks vascular permeability caused by LPS both in vivo and in vitro. In this investigation we studied the mechanism by which recombinant gVPLA2 increases permeability of cultured human pulmonary endothelial cells (EC). Exogenous gVPLA2 (500 nM), a highly hydrolytic enzyme, caused a significant increase in EC permeability that began within minutes and persisted for >10 hours. However, the major hydrolysis products of gVPLA2 (Lyso‐PC, Lyso‐PG, LPA, arachidonic acid) did not cause EC structural rearrangement or loss of barrier function at concentrations >10 μM. Higher concentrations (≥ 30 μM) of these membrane hydrolysis products caused some increased permeability but were associated with EC toxicity (measured by propidium iodide incorporation) that did not occur with barrier disruption by gVPLA2 (500 nM). Pharmacologic inhibition of multiple intracellular signaling pathways induced by gVPLA2 activity (ERK, p38, PI3K, cytosolic gIVPLA2) also did not prevent EC barrier disruption by gVPLA2. Finally, pretreatment with heparinase to prevent internalization of gVPLA2 did not inhibit EC barrier disruption by gVPLA2. Our data thus indicate that gVPLA2 increases pulmonary EC permeability directly through action as a membrane hydrolytic agent. Disruption of EC barrier function does not depend upon membrane hydrolysis products, gVPLA2 internalization, or upregulation of downstream intracellular signaling.
“Is Prostate Cancer Screening Worthy in Southern European Male Populations? A Case Study in Eleusina, Greece: Prostate Cancer Screening in Eleusina
Authors: Stamatiou Konstantinos , Moschouris Hippocrates , Pierris Nikolaos , Theocharis Lambou T. 
Published: June 2012

Objective To investigate the frequency of PSA-detected prostate cancer among non-symptomatic Greek males. Methods A prospective study on prostate cancer (PC) screening was performed in a representative sample of asymptomatic Greek males aged 40–75 years in Eleusina, (Greece) between January and November 2001. Indication for prostate biopsy was a PSA value above 3.0 ng/mL on repeat examination. Patients found with PC at biopsy received the appropriate treatment. Ten years later, patients initially diagnosed with PC were surveyed between June and July 2011 by telephone interview, in order to evaluate PC screening effects. Outcomes examined included: overall survival, disease-free survival and cancer mortality. Results 309 asymptomatic males were screened. The mean age of the study population was 62 years (median 62). The PSA median was 1.1 ng/mL with 90.2% presenting with <3.0 ng/mL. Seven out of 29 patients found with a serum PSA value above 3.0 ng/mL (9.8%) were finally diagnosed with PC at biopsy. During the survey time the two patients with prostate carcinoma of low differentiation died despite aggressive treatment. Of the remaining 5 patients diagnosed with PC, one died of causes other than PC, 2 are disease-free while 2 patients are alive with the disease. Conclusions The low PC detection rate questions the overall usefulness of PC screening in a geographical region where histological PC is not very common.
Cognitive Models of Interaction
Authors: Sanders Robert E. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Cognitive models of interaction comprise ideas about the tacit knowledge or mental processing required to engage in social interaction. The knowledge and mental processing of interest is just what is required for two or more persons to alternately produce utterances and embodied actions that are interconnected with each other's, and thus are interactive. This does not include many of the diverse cognitions that persons also draw on when interacting, for example their knowledge about and attitudes toward the matter at hand; their knowledge about and attitudes toward each other; their identities and stereotypes; their roles, rights, and obligations; and their power relation and social status. These other cognitions may influence the content, outcome, and usefulness of an interaction, but are not essential to achieving interaction as such.
Language Ideology in the Discourse of Popular Culture
Authors: Moody Andrew 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Although there are a number of different ways to define “popular culture,” Moody (2010) notes that there are three characteristics that appear to be common to most definitions: popular culture is usually associated with mass media (and especially “free” media like radio or television); popular culture is consumer‐oriented in nature and frequently encourages consumers to become “fans” of performers, products, or genres; and popular culture—like most expressions of consumer culture—is increasingly characterized by globalization.
Studying Plasticity in Hard and Soft Nb–Co Intermetallics
Authors: Korte Sandra , Clegg William J. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIt is shown that micropillar compression can be used to study the plastic flow behavior of both a hard, brittle cubic Laves phase, NbCo2, and a related monoclinic compound, Nb2Co7, which is known to be softer, but is also brittle and has, so far, only been prepared in a fine‐grained form. Flow in the Laves phase occurs at a shear stress of 3.1 GPa on the $\left\langle {0{\bar {1}}{\bar {1}}} \right\rangle ${111} slip system, consistent with previous observations and estimates from hardness measurement. Micropillar compression and electron microscopy of single crystals of Nb2Co7 indicates that flow takes place parallel to the (001) plane, with $\left\langle {100} \right\rangle $ and $\left\langle {110} \right\rangle $ type Burgers vectors, at a critical resolved shear stress between 0.1 and 0.5 GPa. It is shown that this is much less than predicted by hardness measurements, consistent with the idea that the hardness of plastically anisotropic materials is determined by flow on the hardest operating slip system.
Optimal Structure for High‐Performance and Low‐Contact‐Resistance Organic Field‐Effect Transistors Using Contact‐Doped Coplanar and Pseudo‐Staggered Device Architectures
Authors: Darmawan Peter , Minari Takeo , Xu Yong , Li Song‐Lin , Song Haisheng , Chan Meiyin , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA low contact resistance achieved on top‐gated organic field‐effect transistors by using coplanar and pseudo‐staggered device architectures, as well as the introduction of a dopant layer, is reported. The top‐gated structure effectively minimizes the access resistance from the contact to the channel region and the charge‐injection barrier is suppressed by doping of iron(III)trichloride at the metal/organic semiconductor interface. Compared with conventional bottom‐gated staggered devices, a remarkably low contact resistance of 0.1–0.2 kΩ cm is extracted from the top‐gated devices by the modified transfer line method. The top‐gated devices using thienoacene compound as a semiconductor exhibit a high average field‐effect mobility of 5.5–5.7 cm2 V−1 s−1 and an acceptable subthreshold swing of 0.23–0.24 V dec−1 without degradation in the on/off ratio of ≈109. Based on these experimental achievements, an optimal device structure for a high‐performance organic transistor is proposed.
Public preferences for counseling regarding antidepressant use during pregnancy: A discrete choice experiment
Authors: Hancock‐Howard Rebecca L. , Ungar Wendy J. , Marshall Deborah , Einarson Adrienne , Koren Gideon 
Published: June 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND Counseling about medication safety during pregnancy is delivered inconsistently. The objectives were to determine public preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for attributes of counseling regarding antidepressant use during pregnancy. Attributes reflected counseling via a telephone Teratology Information Service (TIS) or a visit to a general practitioner (GP). METHODS A discrete choice survey was conducted with volunteers recruited from the general public. Stated preferences and WTP for teratology counseling were described by six attributes: training of information provider (IP), method of contact, knowing the IP, confidence in the IP, helpfulness of information, and cost. Interactions of preferences with participant characteristics were examined. RESULTS Of 175 participants, 85% were women and 91% had some college or university education. All attributes had a significant effect on choice. The most important attribute was the helpfulness of information received (WTP C$59 for very helpful information). Counseling via telephone by a trained specialist was preferred, as in a TIS. It was preferred, however, to speak with a provider known to the user (WTP C$43) which is common in a GP setting. Maximum willingness to pay for very helpful information was less for respondents with less education. Respondents who stated that an antidepressant exposure would make them anxious about the pregnancy were willing to pay more for all attributes. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that TIS is the preferred model for counseling regarding to antidepressant use during pregnancy. The public valued information that was helpful and preferred receiving information in nontraditional formats; however, familiarity with the provider was important. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of the interaction between Na2Wo4‐6‐benzylaminopurine anionic chelate and rhodamine 6G on the resonance Rayleigh scattering and fluorescence spectra and their analytical applications
Authors: Li Xiao‐yan , Shang Zhou , Wei He , Yang Ji‐dong 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn pH 4.99‐6.06 Britton‐Robinson (BR) buffer medium, 6‐benzylaminopurine (6‐BA) reacted with Na2WO4 to form 1:1 anionic chelate (6‐BA·WO4)2‐, which further reacted with rhodamine 6G to form ternary ion complexes at room temperature. This resulted in a significant enhancement of resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) with a maximum RRS wavelength of 316 nm. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of the solution was quenched and excitation (λex) and emission (λem) wavelengths of the fluorescence were 290 and 559 nm, respectively. Intensities of RRS enhancing (ΔIRRS) and fluorescence quenching (ΔIF) were directly proportional to concentrations of 6‐BA. As a result, RRS and fluorescence quenching for determination of trace amounts of 6‐BA were developed. Under optimal conditions, linear ranges and detection limits of the two methods were 0.05‐15.00 µg/mL and 8.2 ng/mL (RRS), 0.50‐15.00 µg/mL and 17.0 ng/mL, respectively. It was found that the RRS method was superior to fluorescence quenching. The influence of these methods were investigated and results showed that RRS had good selectivity. RRS was applied to determine 6‐BA in vegetable samples with satisfactory results. Furthermore, the reaction mechanisms of the ternary ion‐association system are discussed. In addition, the polarization experiment revealed that the resonance light scattering (RLS) peak of Na2WO4‐6‐BA‐R6G consisted mainly of depolarized resonance fluorescence and resonance scattering. It was speculated that light emission fluorescence energy (EL) transformed into resonance light scattering energy (ERLS), which was a key reason for enhancement of RRS. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Integrated continuous production of recombinant therapeutic proteins
Authors: Warikoo Veena , Godawat Rahul , Brower Kevin , Jain Sujit , Cummings Daniel , Simons Elizabeth , Johnson Timothy , Walther Jason , Yu Marcella , Wright Benjamin , McLarty Jean , Karey Kenneth P. , Hwang Chris , Zhou Weichang , Riske Frank , Konstantinov Konstantin 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the current environment of diverse product pipelines, rapidly fluctuating market demands and growing competition from biosimilars, biotechnology companies are increasingly driven to develop innovative solutions for highly flexible and cost‐effective manufacturing. To address these challenging demands, integrated continuous processing, comprised of high‐density perfusion cell culture and a directly coupled continuous capture step, can be used as a universal biomanufacturing platform. This study reports the first successful demonstration of the integration of a perfusion bioreactor and a four‐column periodic counter‐current chromatography (PCC) system for the continuous capture of candidate protein therapeutics. Two examples are presented: (1) a monoclonal antibody (model of a stable protein) and (2) a recombinant human enzyme (model of a highly complex, less stable protein). In both cases, high‐density perfusion CHO cell cultures were operated at a quasi‐steady state of 50–60 × 106 cells/mL for more than 60 days, achieving volumetric productivities much higher than current perfusion or fed‐batch processes. The directly integrated and automated PCC system ran uninterrupted for 30 days without indications of time‐based performance decline. The product quality observed for the continuous capture process was comparable to that for a batch‐column operation. Furthermore, the integration of perfusion cell culture and PCC led to a dramatic decrease in the equipment footprint and elimination of several non‐value‐added unit operations, such as clarification and intermediate hold steps. These findings demonstrate the potential of integrated continuous bioprocessing as a universal platform for the manufacture of various kinds of therapeutic proteins. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2012; 109: 3018–3029. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SYBR green real time‐polymerase chain reaction as a rapid and alternative assay for the efficient identification of all existing Escherichia coli biotypes approved directly in wastewater samples
Authors: Chetta Massimiliano , Bafunno Valeria , Grillo Rosalba , Mele Antonio , Lo Perfido Pietro , Notarnicola Michele , Cellini Francesco , Cifarelli Rosa Anna 
Published: June 2012

AbstractEscherichia coli has been recognized as the principal indicator of fecal contamination of water. Indeed, E. coli is the only species in the coliform group found in relationship with gastrointestinal tract of human and warm‐blooded animals and subsequently excreted in large numbers in the human feces. To obtain a complete picture of water quality and therefore, a better protection of public health, different techniques for water analysis have been proposed. In this article, we describe an alternative method that uses SYBR green real time‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) technology to identify and quantify all E. coli biotypes in a group of wastewater samples collected from a wastewater depurator located in South of Italy. This new RT‐PCR protocol is accurate in measuring the concentration of chromosomal E. coli DNA using the amplification of three new specific fragments of the following bacteria genes: CadC, HNS, and Allan whose sequence is specific for E. coli family and conserved in all E. coli subtypes. This method allowed us to detect the presence of all E. coli biotypes directly in wastewater samples and estimated the correspondence between colony forming units and bacterial DNA concentrations. The availability of a rapid and sensitive method may be useful to monitor the persistence of E. coli in water, to evaluate the efficiency of wastewater purification treatments and the possible recycle for agricultural use. Furthermore, the development of a simple and routine method to monitor water quality with RT‐PCR analysis can encourage the testing of a higher number of samples. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 28: 1106–1113, 2012
Early clinical experience with a modified amplatzer ductal occluder for transcatheter arterial duct occlusion in infants and small children
Authors: Kenny Damien , Morgan Gareth J. , Bentham James R. , Wilson Neil , Martin Robin , Tometzki Andrew , Oslizlok Paul , Walsh Kevin P. 
Published: June 2012

ObjectivesTo describe early clinical experience with the amplatzer ductal occluder II additional sizes (ADO II AS) for percutaneous arterial duct occlusion in infants and small children.MethodsPre‐, intra‐ and postprocedural data analysis of all patients undergoing arterial duct occlusion with the ADO II AS from three tertiary referral centers.Results17 patients (10 female) with a median age of 6 months (range 1.0–48.1 months) and a median weight of 5.7 kg (range 1.7–17.4 kg) underwent attempted transcatheter ductal closure with the ADO II AS. Retrograde arterial approach was used in eight patients with transvenous femoral approach used in nine. The mean minimal ductal diameter was 2.2 ± 0.7 mm with mean ductal length of 6.8 ± 1.7 mm. Device sizes used were 5/6 (n = 5), 3/4 (n = 4), 4/4 (n = 3), 4/6 (n = 3), and 5/4 (n = 2) with four French delivery sheaths used in all cases. The median fluoroscopy time was 5.7 ± 1.8 min. Two patients underwent delivery under exclusive echocardiography guidance. Complete ductal occlusion was achieved by the end of the procedure in 13 patients. Device embolization to the left pulmonary artery occurred in one patient with successful surgical removal and ligation of the arterial duct. Three patients required device resizing following deployment of the initial device. Complete ductal occlusion without aortic arch or left pulmonary artery stenosis has been identified in all 16 remaining patients on transthoracic echocardiographic follow‐up at median of 4.2 months.ConclusionsThe new amplatzer ductal occluder II AS achieves excellent ductal closure rates through low profile delivery systems in small infants and children with variable ductal anatomy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Substrate Specificity of Fluoroacetate Dehalogenase: An Insight from Crystallographic Analysis, Fluorescence Spectroscopy, and Theoretical Computations
Authors: Nakayama Tomonori , Kamachi Takashi , Jitsumori Keiji , Omi Rie , Hirotsu Ken , Esaki Nobuyoshi , Kurihara Tatsuo , Yoshizawa Kazunari 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe high substrate specificity of fluoroacetate dehalogenase was explored by using crystallographic analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy, and theoretical computations. A crystal structure for the Asp104Ala mutant of the enzyme from Burkholderia sp. FA1 complexed with fluoroacetate was determined at 1.2 Å resolution. The orientation and conformation of bound fluoroacetate is different from those in the crystal structure of the corresponding Asp110Asn mutant of the enzyme from Rhodopseudomonas palustris CGA009 reported recently (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 7461). The fluorescence of the tryptophan residues of the wild‐type and Trp150Phe mutant enzymes from Burkholderia sp. FA1 incubated with fluoroacetate and chloroacetate was measured to gain information on the environment of the tryptophan residues. The environments of the tryptophan residues were found to be different between the fluoroacetate‐ and chloroacetate‐bound enzymes; this would come from different binding modes of these two substrates in the active site. Docking simulations and QM/MM optimizations were performed to predict favorable conformations and orientations of the substrates. The F atom of the substrate is oriented toward Arg108 in the most stable enzyme–fluoroacetate complex. This is a stable but unreactive conformation, in which the small OCF angle is not suitable for the SN2 displacement of the F− ion. The cleavage of the CF bond is initiated by the conformational change of the substrate to a near attack conformation (NAC) in the active site. The second lowest energy conformation is appropriate for NAC; the CO distance and the OCF angle are reasonable for the SN2 reaction. The activation energy is greatly reduced in this conformation because of three hydrogen bonds between the leaving F atom and surrounding amino acid residues. Chloroacetate cannot reach the reactive conformation, due to the longer CCl bond; this results in an increase of the activation energy despite the weaker CCl bond.
Bulk Gas‐Phase Acidity
Authors: Himmel Daniel , Goll Sascha K. , Leito Ivo , Krossing Ingo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe capability of a gaseous Brønsted acid HB to deliver protons to a base is usually described by the gas‐phase acidity (GA) value of the acid. However, GA values are standard Gibbs energy differences and refer to individual gas pressures of 1 bar for acid HB, base B−, and proton H+. We show that the GA value is not suited to describe the bulk acidity of a gaseous acid. Here the pressure dependence of the activities of HB, H(HB)n+, and B(HB)m− that result from gaseous autoprotolysis have to be considered. In this work, the pressure‐dependent absolute chemical potential of the proton in the representative gaseous proton acids CH4, NH3, H2O, HF, and HCl was worked out and the general theory to describe bulk gas phase acidity—that can directly be compared with solution acidity—was developed.
“Click” on Tubes: a Versatile Approach towards Multimodal Functionalization of SWCNTs
Authors: Tuci Giulia , Vinattieri Claudia , Luconi Lapo , Ceppatelli Matteo , Cicchi Stefano , Brandi Alberto , Filippi Jonathan , Melucci Manuela , Giambastiani Giuliano 
Published: June 2012

AbstractOrganic functionalization of carbon nanotube sidewalls is a tool of primary importance in material science and nanotechnology, equally from a fundamental and an applicative point of view.1, 2 Here, an efficient and versatile approach for the organic/organometallic functionalization of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) capable of imparting multimodality to these fundamental nanostructures, is described. Our strategy takes advantage of well‐established Cu‐mediated acetylene‐azide coupling (CuAAC) reactions applied to phenylazido‐functionalized SWCNTs for their convenient homo‐/heterodecoration with a number of organic/organometallic frameworks, or mixtures thereof, bearing terminal acetylene pendant arms. Phenylazido‐decorated SWCNTs were prepared by chemoselective arylation of the CNT sidewalls with diazonium salts under mild conditions, and subsequently used for the copper‐mediated cycloaddition protocol in the presence of terminal acetylenes. The latter reaction was performed in one step by using either single acetylene derivatives or equimolar mixtures of terminal alkynes bearing either similar functional groups (masked with orthogonally cleavable protecting groups) or easily distinguishable functionalities (on the basis of complementary analytical/spectroscopic techniques). All materials and intermediates were characterized with respect to their most relevant aspects/properties by TEM microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with MS analysis of volatiles (TG‐MS), elemental analysis, cyclic voltammetry (CV), Raman and UV/Vis spectroscopy. The functional loading and related chemical grafting of both primary amino‐ and ferrocene‐decorated SWCNTs were spectroscopically (UV/Vis, Kaiser test) and electrochemically (CV) determined, respectively.