bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Drag Reduction and Degradation by Sodium Alginate in Turbulent Flow
Authors: Cheng Zhensong , Zhang Panpan , Wang Xudong , Song Xinwang , Gao Liang , Dai Xiaodong , Zhang Xin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The utilization of drag-reducers polymer has long been hindered by their irritancy, corrosiveness, and toxicity across various domains. In this investigation, we explored sodium alginate, a natural drag reducer, for its efficacy in reducing drag and its resilience to shear in millimeter-scale pipelines. Initially, an experimental setup was devised to assess the drag reduction capabilities of sodium alginate at varying concentrations and flow rates using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) software. The relationship between drag reduction (DR), concentration (C), and flow rate (Q) was established by analyzing the experimental data. Subsequently, variance analysis was employed to validate the data accuracy, with a comparison between predicted and experimental DR values revealing an error margin within ± 20%. Analysis of cyclic shear testing of sodium alginate solution in tubes demonstrated its effectiveness as a shear flow drag reducer. Furthermore, results from laser particle size analysis indicated minimal molecular breakage of sodium alginate during cyclic shear.
The Effect of the Nurse Navigation Program Applied to Immigrant Syrian Women on their Beliefs on Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors, Mammography Self-Efficacy, and Breast Cancer Fears: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: BULUT Tuba YILMAZ , ALTAY Birsen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose This study was conducted to determine the effect of the nurse navigation program immigrant Syrian women on their beliefs about breast cancer screening behaviors, their mammography self-efficacy, breast cancer fears and their knowledge levels about BSE.Methods This single-blind randomized controlled study was conducted in June-October 2021 with the pretest-posttest control group design. This research, which was carried out in accordance with randomized pre-test-post-test control group, with a total of 150 Syrian women, 75 in the experimental group and 75 in the control group. As data collection tools; "Descriptive Questionnaire", "Health Belief Model Scale", "Mammography Self-efficacy Scale", "Champion Breast Cancer Fear Scale", "Breast Self-Examination Checklist Form" and "Telephone Interview Form" were used. The study has a Clinical Trials registry with the number …….Results According to the post-tests, there is a statistically significant difference in rate of having mammography between the experimental and control groups. After applying the Nurse Navigation Program based on the Health Belief Model to the Syrian women in the mammography self-efficacy scale score levels of the women in the experimental group increased after the experiment compared to before the experiment.Conclision Results of the study, it was determined that the Nurse Navigation Program applied according to the Health Belief Model (HBM) increased the breast cancer screening behaviors, self-efficacy and knowledge levels of Syrian women, and decreased their fear of breast cancer.
DNMT aberration-incurred GPX4 suppression prompts osteoblast ferroptosis and osteoporosis
Authors: Wang Yongxiang , Wang Hongwei , Cao Wangsen , ruan bin-jia , Dong Jian , Wei Fanhao , Huang Zhiqiang , Yang Bin , Zhang Lijun , Li Chulin , Dong Hui 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is a common and fracture-prone skeletal disease featured by deteriorated trabecular microstructure and pathologically involves various forms of regulated bone cell death. However, the role and regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in OP are not fully understood. Our study showed marked iron deposition, ferroptosis, and a core anti-ferroptotic factor GPX4 (glutathione peroxidase 4) suppression in OP femurs of ovariectomized (Ovx) mice, coinciding with Gpx4 promoter hypermethylation and elevated DNMT1/3a/3b levels. In addition, KLF5, along with the transcriptional corepressors NCoR and SnoN, induces binding to the hypermethylated GPX4 promoter in osteoporotic femurs sensitive to DNMT inhibition. Conversely, DNMT inhibition with SGI-1027 reversed hypermethylation and GPX4 suppression, reducing the ferroptotic and osteoporotic damage. In cultured primary bone cells, ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) mimicking iron loading similarly induced GPX4 suppression and ferroptosis in osteoblasts, but not in osteoclasts, which were rescued by siRNA-mediated individual knockdown of DNMT 1/3a/3b respectively. Intriguingly, SGI-1027 relieved the ferroptotic alterations induced by FAC, but not by a GPX4 inactivator RSL3. More importantly, we generated a strain of osteoblast-specific Gpx4 haplo-deficient mice (Gpx4+/-) that developed spontaneous ferroptotic OP alterations and further demonstrated that GPX4 inactivation by RSL3 or osteoblastic GPX4 haplo-deficiency largely abrogated the anti-ferroptotic and osteoprotective effects of SGI-1027. Together, our data suggest that the DNMT aberration-incurred epigenetic GPX4 suppression and the resultant osteoblastic ferroptosis contribute significantly to OP pathogenesis and the strategies preserving GPX4 by DNMT intervention is potentially effective to treat OP and the related bone disorders.
Identification of features and differences in PD-1 inhibitor-associated myocarditis and acute myocardial infarction using proteomic analysis
Authors: Luo Yuxi , Yi Yali , Xu Wenjie , Lu Zhiqin , Fang Haiyang , Huang Min , Xu Peng , Liu Anwen , Zeng Zhimin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-related myocarditis is a rare but severe side effect that is often accompanied by elevated levels of cardiac troponin I, making it difficult to distinguish from acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Objective Our study aims to explore the differences in blood protein profiles between ICIs-related myocarditis and AMI, and to identify potential biomarkers.
Main measures:Patients diagnosed with either ICIs-related myocarditis or AMI were selected and matched with corresponding plasma samples based on potential confounding factors, including age, gender, smoking history, and chronic heart diseases. A label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) proteomics approach was employed to identify sensitive and specific protein molecules associated with ICIs-myocarditis. Further validation of these findings conducted in both patient and animal models of ICIs-related myocarditis and AMI.
Key results:We performed plasma proteomics on 15 plasma samples from 5 pairs of samples with ICIs-related myocarditis at ICIs treatment baseline and diagnosis, and 5 cases of AMI confirmed by coronary angiography. A total of 1521 plasma proteins were identified, with 1325 quantifiable plasma proteins across all 15 plasma samples. The ICIs-related myocarditis group showed differential expressed protein (DEPs) involved in myocardial contraction, proteasome, immunoregulation, NF kappa B signaling pathway, arginine and proline metabolism, and cysteine and methionine metabolism. We identified three potential plasma proteins linked to the onset of ICIs-related myocarditis, including MYOM3, Galectin-1, and CSF1, and utilized more AMI plasma samples, as well as animal models of ICIs-related myocarditis and AMI to further validate our findings.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that MYOM3, Galectin-1, and CSF1 are highly expressed in ICIs-related myocarditis compared with other groups by plasma proteomics analysis and subsequent validation experiments. These results have the potential to provide valuable predictive information for future clinical research.
Automated Hemorrhage Volume Quantification in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Sanchez Sebastian , Miller Jacob M , Jones Matthew T , Patel Rishi R , Sagues Elena , Dier Carlos , Gudino Andres , Vargas-Sanchez Ariel , Samaniego Edgar Andres 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The volume of hemorrhage is a critical factor in predicting outcomes following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Although grading scales such as the Fisher score are extensively used, their subjective nature can lead to inaccuracies in quantifying the total volume of blood. We analyzed a large cohort of patients with aSAH with an automated software for the precise quantification of hemorrhage volume. The primary aim is to identify clear thresholds that correlate with the likelihood of complications post-aSAH, thereby enhancing the predictive accuracy and improving patient management strategies.
Methods
An automated algorithm was developed to analyze non-contrast computed tomography scans of aSAH patients. The algorithm categorized tissues into blood, gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid, isolating the blood for volume quantification. Receiver operating curve analysis was done to establish thresholds for vasospasm, acute hydrocephalus, shunt-dependent hydrocephalus (SDH), and death within 7 days. Additionally, we determined if there is any relationship between the aneurysm size and the amount of hemorrhage.
Results
A total of 500 aSAH patients and their respective aneurysms were analyzed. Hemorrhage volume was significantly higher in patients with vasospasm (21.7 [10.9, 41.4] vs 10.7 [4.2, 26.9], p < 0.001), acute hydrocephalus (22.7 [9.2, 41.8] vs 5.1 [2.1, 13.5], p < 0.001), SDH (23.8 [11.3, 40.7] vs 11.7 [4.1, 28.2], p < 0.001), and those who died before 7 days (52.8 [34.6, 90.6] mL vs 14.8 [5.0, 32.4] mL, p < 0.001) compared to their counterparts. Notably, specific hemorrhage thresholds were identified for each complication: 15.16 mL for vasospasm (65% sensitivity and 60% specificity), 9.95 mL for acute hydrocephalus (74% sensitivity and 69% specificity), 16.76 mL for SDH (63% sensitivity and 60% specificity), and 33.84 mL for death within 7 days (79% sensitivity and 77% specificity).
Conclusion
Automated blood volume quantification tools could aid in stratifying complication risk after aSAH. Established thresholds for hemorrhage volume related to complications could be used in clinical practice to aid in management decisions.
Short-term continuous monocropping reduces Curcuma kwangsiensis yield mainly via altering soil pH and Microbial community
Authors: Huang Yuan , Zhigang Yan , Wei Lin , Shugen Wei , Yingying Liu , Zhanjiang Zhang , Lijun Shi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Pursose
In order to investigate the effects of short-term continuous monocropping on rhizosphere soil of Curcuma kwangsiensis (C. kwangsiensis) and establish a theoretical foundation for the conservation of the soil ecological environment as well as the future sustainable development of the C. kwangsiensis cultivation industry.
Methods
This study examined how short-term continuous monocropping affected the physicochemical characteristics, enzyme activities and microbial community of the rhizosphere soil of C. kwangsiensis. Rhizosphere soil samples were taken from C. kwangsiensis that had been planted for 1 (Y1) and 2 years (Y2). The soil before planting was used as the control (Y0). The microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil was studied using a high-throughput analysis.
Results
The results showed that the yield of C. kwangsiensis in Y2 was 58.38% of that in Y1. The soil pH decreased; soil nutrients accumulated, and the activities of soil enzymes increased initially and then decreased with continuous cropping. Continuous cropping produced a relatively high abundance and diversity of bacterial and fungal species. Continuous cropping resulted in a significantly higher relative abundance of Planctomycetota as the dominant bacterial phylum, while the relative abundances of Ciliophora and Cercozoa as the dominant fungal phyla were also significantly higher. The pH was the most important factor that affected the microbial community composition.
Conclusion
The continuous monocropping of C. kwangsiensis reduced the soil pH and altered the physicochemical properties and activities of enzymes in the soil, which resulted in a decrease in the proportion of bacteria. This finding explains the decline in C. kwangsiensis production and provides a potential remedy for growers.
Decentralized Collaborative Filtering for Distributed Hash Tables
Authors: Shukla Krishna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We implement a decentralized method for collaborative filtering via matrix factorization that can rest on peer-to-peer Distributed Hash Table architectures like Pastry and Chord, for the purpose of realizing a scalable and robust decentralised search engine. We begin by introducing a centralized method for matrix factorization that involves minimizing a cost function consisting of the ratings and user and item latent factors. We introduce biases and then derive the gradients for the error update step. We then introduce gossip learning; a matrix-factorization based collaborative filtering approach for a decentralized network. Since we could not obtain a dataset of browsing activity of users where the rating would constitute the number of times a website is visited, we used a dataset of movie ratings to test our method. This preserves the user and item biases and provides user-item ratings for rating to latent factor error computation. We performed a train-test split and loaded the training and validation set onto each node separately. This method is then tested using the PeerSim peer-to-peer network simulator to obtain the best learning rate $\eta$, regularization parameter $\lambda$ and latent factors $k$ for a $10,000$ node peer-to-peer network. The optimization metric used is the Root Mean Squared Error measuring the discrepancy between the ratings in the validation set and their respective predictions by model updates on the training set at each node. We found that by the fortieth cycle of the PeerSim simulator, the training set is fully distributed across each node. The best performing parameter setting over our $63$ experiment runs has learning rate $\eta = 0.001$, regularization parameter $\lambda = 1$ and latent factors $k = 20$. These settings are then built into a basic working prototype of a Pastry algorithm based peer-to-peer distributed search engine with message passing tested for $50$ nodes.
Unlocking Potential: Temperature-Driven Morphology and Electrolyte Influence on Chemical Free Pine Apple Peel-Derived Amorphous Carbon for Enhanced Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Shadap Matbiangthew , Joseph Vinofia. S , Subbiah Kavitha , Suryakanth J. , Ayyasamy Sakunthala 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this study, we present a novel approach to synthesizing amorphous carbon from agricultural waste, specifically pineapple peel, for electrochemical energy storage applications. The research emphasizes the critical role of calcination temperature and the subsequent interplay with different electrolytes (basic, neutral, and acidic) to tailor the material’s properties for improved performance. Controlled calcination at varying temperature of 400, 500, and 600◦C yielded samples named PAC400, PAC500, and PAC600, respectively, with PAC500 demonstrating the most favourable electrochemical properties. The calcination temperature was found to be pivotal in determining the material’s structural and functional characteristics. PAC500, in particular, exhibited an optimal balance of morphological structure and functional groups that facilitated enhanced charge storge and energy density, especially when interfaced with acidic electrolytes. Comprehensive characterization through XRD and FTIR affirmed the amorphous nature of the carbon and the presence of electrochemically active functional groups. Electrolyte selection proved to be a determining factor in the material’s capacitive behaviour, with each electrolyte types bringing forth distinct capacitance and energy density profiles. PAC500 consistently showed good performance in all the electrolyte system, and outperformed in acidic media due to the optimal interaction between the electrolyte ions and the tailored surface chemistry of the carbon. The insight from this research highlights the influence of calcination temperature in modifying the physical and chemical characteristics of carbon materials derived from biomass, without the need for additional porosity-enhancing treatments. The results contribute to a greener pathway for producing advanced materials for energy storage, reinforcing the potential of agricultural by-products in crafting next generation energy solution.
Global glomerulosclerosis proportions above 10% predict nephropathy progression in IgA Nephropathy: a multicenter retrospective analysis with propensity score matching
Authors: Zou Wen-li , Liu Yue-ming , Xu Bai-hui , Wu Juan , Shen Wei , Zhang Wei , Zhang Jia-wei , Meng Yao , Zhu Yan , Yu Jing-ting , Gong Jian-guang , Shen Xiao-gang , Zhu Bin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We evaluated the prognostic effect of Global glomerulosclerosis (GS) in the patients with Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN). In this three-center retrospective study, A total of 1626 IgAN patients were recruited and divided into two groups(GS1 and GS2) based on the median of GS proportion in the study population. The results revealed that, higher GS proportions was associated with higher age, increased amounts of urine protein, decreased eGFR, higher level of serum IgA and C4, lower level of serum IgM, as well as higher score of M, S, T according the Oxford MEST-C classification, and more likely to undergo corticosteroids or RAS blockade therapy. Both in the full and matched cohort, higher GS proportions were found to be independent prognostic factors for the renal survival via Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis (p < 0.05, p < 0.05, respectively). Additionally, the multivariate Cox regression models identified higher proteinuria, decreased eGFR, higher score of T, higher GS proportions as independent prognostic factors for poor renal outcomes and corticosteroids therapy was a protective indicator of renal outcomes. Lastly, the prediction model based on these prognostic factors were validated to be accurately predict the renal outcome when including GS proportions.
Construction of Functional Covalent Organic Framework Films by Modulator-Solvent Induced Polymerization
Authors: Huo Fengwei , Li Xuerong , Ji Xingyue , Zhang Xinglong , Chen Xinyi , Li Hongfeng , Zhang Suoying , Zhang Weina 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are attractive candidates for the next generation films in technical applications. However, due to their crystallization nature, insolubility in common solvents as well as infusible at high temperatures make it challenging to grow them spontaneously or process them into films. Herein, we report an efficient strategy to fabricate COF films based on a modulator-solvent induced polymerization process. The addition of modulator slows down the nucleation rate during the initial stages of COF growth, resulting in the formation of fluidic precursors that are easy to process. Subsequently, a suitable drying process is introduced to balance the evaporation rate of solvent and the crystallization rate of modulator induced, resulting in the formation of COF films with a mixture of amorphous and crystalline structures. This strategy is universal for the fabrication of several types of COF films with large-scale and freestanding state. Moreover, COF films with asymmetric structure can function as organic vapor-triggered actuators, offering excellent repeatability and reversibility. By introducing functional molecules such as fluorescence, chirality and catalyst during the nucleation process, versatile functional COF films can be easily fabricated, which endow them with broader application prospects.
NOSTRIN is an emerging negative regulator of decompensated cirrhotic patients with portal hypertension
Authors: Vairappan Balasubramaniyan , S Ravikumar T , Ram Amit Kumar , Mohan Pazhanivel , Pottakkat Biju 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background and aims: Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in a cirrhotic liver contributes to high intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR) and portal hypertension (PHT). Nostrin is an inhibitory protein of NO synthesising enzyme endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), shown to increase in cirrhosis with PHT, however, the precise molecular mechanism is poorly documented. This study aimed to elucidate the role of Nostrin and associated derangement in hepatic NO generation in cirrhotic liver. Further, we investigate whether Nostrin could be a biomarker in the progression of cirrhosis. Methods: The study was conducted in sixty healthy subjects and 120 cirrhotic patients (both compensated and decompensated) to analyze the blood Nostrin, cGMP and cytokine levels. In addition, liver tissue samples collected from cirrhotic patients were used for the analysis of gene and protein expression of Nostrin, eNOS and inflammatory markers.
Results:When compared to healthy controls, systemic levels of Nostrin and cGMP were elevated in compensated cirrhosis. In decompensated cirrhosis, further robust increases in Nostrin and cGMP were noted. Furthermore, hepatic Nostrin expression was considerably higher whilst reduced eNOS activity and hepatic cGMP levels in cirrhotic liver compared to control liver. Hepatic iNOS and NF kB protein expression were significantly increased in cirrhotic liver compared to control liver.
Conclusions: In decompensated cirrhotic patients, a robust increase in hepatic Nostrin expression was associated with inflammation and thus, reduced eNOS activity with concomitant local NO generation. Furthermore, Blood Nostrin concentration was higher and parallel to disease severity and could be a key diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in cirrhotic patients with exacerbated PHT.
Observed changes in rainfall extremes and current trends in Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Authors: Kalyan Sandeep , Pathak Bhawana 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Climate change has drastically impacted rainfall distribution and patterns over the globe in recent decades. Developing countries such as India have experienced severe floods and erratic rainfall causing socio-economic and hydrological misbalance. Thus examining rainfall extreme indices plays a vital role in sustainable disaster management and strategies. This study analysed spatio-temporal trends and variation in rainfall extremes using Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) observed gridded data (0.25° × 0.25°) for 1991–2022 for Gandhinagar district of Gujarat. Mann-Kendall (MK) test and Sen’s slope estimator were used for the statistical significance test. Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI) defined selected rainfall extreme indices have been calculated for yearly and decadal scales. Results indicated a non-significant increase in rainfall however a decrease in pre-monsoon while an increase in post-monsoon months has been observed. Though consecutive dry days (CDD) have decreased therefore an increase in moderate and extreme rainy days has been found. Days having extreme rainfall (R30mm) exhibit a positive relation with maximum rainfall in consecutive five days (Rx5day). The outcomes of the study highlight the significance of extreme indices variability which may pose a grave risk to sustainable development, ecosystem, water resources, human health and agriculture and can be used for policy planning and mitigation strategies.