bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective cerebral perfusion with 4-branch graft total aortic arch replacement: Outcomes in 12 patients
Authors: Lai Wei-Liang , Hsu Chiao-Po , Shih Chung-Che , Li Ming-Li , Li Ping-chun 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

Background
Aortic arch reconstruction is associated with high neurological morbidity. Our purpose is to describe our experience using a 4-branched graft and selective antegrade brain perfusion (SABP) for total aortic arch replacement (TAR).

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 12 patients who received TAR, with or without ascending aorta replacement, with a 4-branched graft for Stanford type A dissection (n = 9) or aortic arch aneurysm (n = 3). In all patients surgery was performed with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) with or without retrograde brain perfusion, and selective antegrade brain perfusion (SABP) via the subclavian artery or axillary artery.

Results
There were 8 males and 4 females with an average age of 63.14 years. Emergent operations were performed in 9 patients with acute type A aortic dissections. Of all 12 patients, 2 deaths occurred and 1 patient experienced lower extremity paraplegia resulting in an in-hospital mortality rate of 16.6% and a permanent neurological deficit rate of 8.3%.

Conclusions
The use of a 4-branched graft, hypothermic circulatory arrest, and SABP is a useful operative method for aortic arch replacement with acceptable morbidity and mortality.
Improvedex vivomethod for microbiocidal activity across vertebrate species
Authors: French Susannah S. , Neuman-Lee Lorin A. 
Published: April 2012

SummaryThe field of ecoimmunology is currently undergoing rapid expansion, whereby biologists from a wide range of ecological disciplines are increasingly interested in assessing immunocompetence in their study organisms. One of the key challenges to researchers is determining what eco-immune measures to use in a given experiment. Moreover, there are limitations depending on study species, requirements for specific antibodies, and relevance of the methodology to the study organism. Here we introduce an improved ex vivo method for microbiocidal activity across vertebrate species. The utility of this assay is that it determines the ability of an organism to remove a pathogen that could be encountered in the wild, lending ecological relevancy to the technique. The applications of this microbiocidal assay are broad, as it is readily adaptable to different types of microbes as well as a wide variety of study species. We describe a method of microbiocidal analysis that will enable researchers across disciplines to effectively employ this method to accurately quantify microbial killing ability, using readily available microplate absorbance readers.
Release Kinetics of Cardiac Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Transcoronary Ablation of Septal Hypertrophy
Authors: Liebetrau Christoph , Möllmann Helge , Nef Holger , Szardien Sebastian , Rixe Johannes , Troidl Christian , Willmer Matthias , Hoffmann Jedrzej , Weber Michael , Rolf Andreas , Hamm Christian 
Published: April 2012

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The release kinetics of cardiac troponin T measured with conventional vs high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) assays in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is difficult to establish.

METHODS
We analyzed the release kinetics of cTnT measured by fourth generation and high-sensitivity assays, creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), and myoglobin in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy undergoing transcoronary ablation of septal hypertrophy (TASH), a model of AMI. Consecutive patients (n = 21) undergoing TASH were included. Serum and EDTA-plasma samples were collected before and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, and 105 min, and 2, 4, 8, and 24 h after TASH.

RESULTS
cTnT concentrations measured by the hs assay were significantly increased at 15 min [21.4 ng/L, interquartile range (IQR) 13.3–39.7 ng/L vs 11.3 ng/L, IQR 6.0–18.8 ng/L at baseline; P = 0.031]. In comparison, cTnT concentrations measured by the conventional fourth generation assay increased significantly at 60 min (30.0 ng/L, IQR 20.0–30.0 ng/L vs &lt;10.0 ng/L, IQR &lt;10.0–10.0 ng/L; P &lt; 0.01), CK-MB at 90 min (8.4 μg/L, IQR 6.9–14.4 μg/L vs 0.9 μg/L, IQR 0.4–1.1 μg/L; P &lt; 0.01), and myoglobin at 30 min (188.0 μg/L, IQR 154.0–233.0 μg/L vs 38.0 μg/L, IQR 28.0–56.0; P &lt; 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS
cTnT concentrations measured by the hs assay were significantly increased after TASH at all of the time points, with a doubling at 15 min after induction of AMI, confirming earlier evidence of myocardial injury compared to the fourth generation cTnT assay and CK-MB and myoglobin.
Lexical Selectivity in Danish Toddlers with Cleft Palate
Authors: Willadsen Elisabeth 
Published: April 2012

Objective To study if Danish children with cleft palate display lexical selectivity in their early lexicon at 18 months of age. Design A cross-sectional study. Participants Thirty-four children with unilateral cleft lip and palate and 35 children without cleft palate, matched for gender and age. Methods All participants were video recorded at 18 months of age during play interaction with a parent. The video recordings were transcribed according to the International Phonetic Alphabet and an individual consonant inventory was established for each participant. The video recordings were also analyzed with respect to word productions, establishing an observed productive vocabulary size for each participant. Results At 18 months of age Danish children with cleft palate showed marked lexical selectivity in their early words. The distribution of consonant classes observed at 11 months of age in a previous study of the children with cleft palate was almost perfectly reflected in their early lexicon at 18 months. The early lexicon of children with cleft palate differed from the early lexicon of their noncleft peers. Conclusions and Implications Danish toddlers with cleft palate display lexical selectivity in the early lexicon as it has been described for English-speaking toddlers with and without cleft palate, even though some qualitative differences were found.
F-limit points in dynamical systems defined on the interval
Authors: Szuca Piotr 
Published: April 2012

AbstractGiven a free ultrafilter p on ℕ we say that x ∈ [0, 1] is the p-limit point of a sequence (x n)n∈ℕ ⊂ [0, 1] (in symbols, x = p -limn∈ℕ x n) if for every neighbourhood V of x, {n ∈ ℕ: x n ∈ V} ∈ p. For a function f: [0, 1] → [0, 1] the function f p: [0, 1] → [0, 1] is defined by f p(x) = p -limn∈ℕ f n(x) for each x ∈ [0, 1]. This map is rarely continuous. In this note we study properties which are equivalent to the continuity of f p. For a filter F we also define the ω F-limit set of f at x. We consider a question about continuity of the multivalued map x → ω fF(x). We point out some connections between the Baire class of f p and tame dynamical systems, and give some open problems.
Reconstruction versus no reconstruction of iliac crest defects following harvest for spinal fusion: a systematic review
Authors: Chau Anthony M. T. , Xu Lileane L. , van der Rijt Rhys , Wong Johnny H. Y. , Gragnaniello Cristian , Stanford Ralph E. , Mobbs Ralph J. 
Published: April 2012

ObjectAutologous bone from the iliac crest is commonly used for spinal fusion. However, its use is associated with significant donor site morbidity, especially pain. Reconstructive procedures of the iatrogenic defect have been investigated as a technique to alleviate these symptoms. The goal of this study was to assess the effects of reconstruction versus no reconstruction following iliac crest harvest in adults undergoing spine surgery.MethodsThe authors searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library 2011, Issue 4); MEDLINE (1948–Oct 2011); EMBASE (1947–Oct 2011); and the reference lists of articles. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or nonrandomized controlled trials (NRCTs) were included in the study. Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted data using a standardized collection form, and assessed for risk of bias.ResultsThree RCTs (96 patients) and 2 NRCTs (82 patients) were included. These had a moderate to high risk of bias. The results suggest that iliac crest reconstruction may be useful in reducing postoperative pain, minimizing functional disability, and improving cosmesis. No pattern of other clinical, radiological, or resource outcomes was identified.ConclusionsAlthough the available evidence is suboptimal, this systematic review supports the notion that iliac crest reconstruction following harvest for spinal fusion may reduce postoperative pain, minimize functional disability, and improve cosmesis.
Le moi dans le bouddhisme japonais
Authors: Girard Frédéric 
Published: April 2012

Le but du présent article est de montrer ne quels termes se pose le problème du moi dans la pensée japonaise. Il n'existe pas à proprement parler de notion abstraite et neutre de moi ni de terme servant à la désigner dans la langue japonaise. On a fait appel, quand on a eu à rendre ce concept, à des termes qui sont, en substance, issue de la tradition bouddhique — ga et jiga dans l'ensemble des écoles bouddhiques, et jiko plus spécifiquement dans les écoles Zen — . Toutefois, ces notions du moi dans le bouddhisme japonais ont un import et des connotations sans commune mesure avec celle du moi dans notre tradition philosophique.
A travers une enquête procédant par coups de sonde parmi des textes représentatifs du bouddhisme japonais, on a cherché à mettre en évidence la touche propre de celui-ci en ce cjui concerne la notion du moi. Il l'analyse en plusieurs strates : l'ego limité, qu'il soit individuel ou social ; le non-moi, qui "évacue" le premier dans ce qu'il aurait d'égocentrique ou de réifié ; enfin la conscience profonde qui, tout en restant en elle-même, est capable de faire jouer au seconde degré une persona tournée vers l'extérieur. Bien qu'on réduise assez souvent cette position au deuxième stade de l'analyse, celui négatif du non-moi, c'est le troisième, celui du "vrai moi", qui en constitue le terme, car c'est bien, en effet, la quête d'un soi parachevé, qui est au centre des préoccupations de la pensée bouddhique japonaise, et que, par exemple, un philosophe comme Nishida Kitarô (1870-1945) a mise au centre de sa réflexion qui se situe au confluent de cette pensée et de celle de l'Occident.
Cette manière de considérer le moi s'accorde bien à une mentalité qui considère avant tout les choses moins "en soi" qu'en fonction de la situation et de la réalité présentes, au plan du phénoménal. Au lieu d'envisager le moi comme le point de départ absolu de ce qui constitue la personne, cette conception du moi débouche sur un "soi" de caractère transpersonnel. Ni hypostasié ni nié, il est en mesure de se réaliser dans le mouvant de la réalité.
Preclinical Studies of Pf-04849285, An Interferon-α8 Fusion Protein for the Treatment of HCV
Authors: Flores M Victoria , Hickling Timothy P , Sreckovic Sasha , Fidock Mark D , Horscroft Nigel , Katragadda Madan , Savic Boris , Rawal Jaiessh , Delpuech-Adams Oona E , Robas Nicola , Corey Thomas , Nelms Linda , Lawton Michael , Marcek John , Stubbs Makeida , Westby Michael , Ciaramella Giuseppe 
Published: April 2012

Background This study presents preclinical data of a novel interferon (IFN)-α8 fusion protein, PF-04849285, and compares it with IFN-α2 and pegylated IFN-α2; the latter being the current standard of care for HCV. Methods The antiviral properties were evaluated in vitro using the HCV replication assay (replicon) and the general encephalomyocarditis virus assay. The binding affinity to both IFNR-subunits was assessed using surface plasmon resonance. Ex vivo experiments using cynomolgus monkey and human blood were used for the evaluation of induction of IFN-inducible biomarkers (interferon inducible protein 10 [IP-10], 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase [OAS2] and interleukin-6 [IL-6]). The molecule was tested intravenously and subcutaneously in cynomolgus monkey in a single dose study for two weeks at 0.01, 1, 5 and 20 mg/kg. Each route and dose combination was given to a single male animal, blood samples were collected for evaluation of biomarkers and pharmacokinetics. The compound was also tested in cynomolgus monkey in a multiple dose study for four weeks, with a twice-a-week dosing prior to a three-week wash-out period for toxicokinetics, pharmacokinetics, and biomarker evaluation at 20, 50 or 100 mg/kg subcutaneously and 20 mg/kg intravenously. Results The molecule is 10x more potent than the pegylated IFN-α2a, with potency similar to the unmodified IFN-α2a. No unanticipated findings were observed in cynomolgus monkey when dosed up to 20 mg/kg, >10,000-fold margin over the anticipated efficacious human dose. Conclusions The biomarker and toxicological findings were consistent with a potent IFN molecule. The potency and pharmacokinetic properties of the molecule are consistent with dosing at least twice daily with the potential for monthly dosing.
Vitamin D Levels and Il28B Polymorphisms are Related to Rapid Virological Response to Standard of Care in Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Petta Salvatore , Ferraro Donatella , Cammà Calogero , Cabibi Daniela , Di Cristina Antonietta , Di Marco Vito , Di Stefano Rosa , Grimaudo Stefania , Mazzola Alessandra , Levrero Massimo , Scazzone Concetta , Craxì Antonio 
Published: April 2012

Background Genotype 1 (G1) chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients achieving a rapid virological response (RVR) on pegylated interferon (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin have a high chance of sustained virological response (SVR), influenced by IL28B status, viral load, fibrosis and insulin resistance. We assessed whether 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) serum levels are linked to RVR and can be used together with IL28B to construct a pretreatment model to predict RVR. Methods A total of 117 consecutive patients with G1 CHC were evaluated by biopsy and anthropometric and metabolic measurements. 25(OH)D serum levels were measured by HPLC. IL28B rs12979860 and rs8099917 polymorphisms were also evaluated. All patients underwent antiviral therapy with PEG-IFN-α2a plus ribavirin. HCV RNA was assessed at baseline, week 4, week 12, at the end of therapy and after 6 months of follow-up. Results Mean ±sd 25(OH)D serum levels were 26.3 ±10.6 μg/l (range 8.0–58.0) and 31 (26.5%) patients had the rs12979860 CC polymorphism. RVR was achieved in 35 (29.9%) patients, and 32 (91.4%) of them had an SVR, compared to 26 of 82 (31.7%) without RVR. The rs12979860 CC polymorphism (OR 4.575, 95% CI 1.761, 11.889; P=0.002) and higher 25(OH)D levels (OR 1.055, 95% CI 1.010, 1.101; P=0.01) were independently associated with the achievement of RVR by multivariate analysis. The likelihood of RVR progressively increased from patients in the worst class (vitamin D<26.8 μg/l and TT/TC polymorphism; RVR 14.2%), to those with only one positive predictor (RVR 29.7% and 37.5%), and to those in the best class (vitamin D≥26.8 μg/l and rs12979860 CC polymorphism; RVR 73.3%). Conclusions In patients with G1 CHC, 25(OH)D serum levels and IL28B status are independently associated with the likelihood to achieve RVR and SVR. When incorporated into a pretreatment predictive model they can assist in further discriminating patients with a high likelihood of achieving RVR and SVR.
Monnaie et crise bancaire dans une petite économie ouverte
Authors: Cheng Jin 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Cet article développe un modèle intégrant le rôle de la monnaie et des flux de capitaux internationaux afin d’examiner la fragilité du système bancaire d’une petite économie ouverte dans un contexte de crise financière internationale. Le modèle met l’accent sur les décalages de maturité et de devises au niveau du bilan des banques et illustre comment la contraction du crédit sur le marché financier international, via les banques commerciales, impacte la monnaie et l’activité d’une petite économie. Les effets stabilisants du capital bancaire et du ratio minimal de capital sur le système bancaire sont également examinés. Par ailleurs, le modèle souligne qu’un secteur informel de dimension importante est un facteur défavorable à la stabilisation de la valeur de la monnaie et du système financier. Classification JEL : G2, E4, F34
Évaluation de l'activité physique chez l'enfant en surcharge pondérale après un programme de réadaptation : le questionnaire contre l'accélérométrie
Authors: Vanhelst Jérémy , Béghin Laurent , Bui-Xuân Gilles , Mikulovic Jacques 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Objectif : Le but de l’étude est de comparer la mesure de l’activité physique (AP) en utilisant un questionnaire individuel d’activité physique et un accéléromètre. Méthodes : La mesure de l’activité physique a été relevée chez vingt-huit jeunes obèses avec un accéléromètre RT3 et le questionnaire international d’activité physique, avant et après un programme d’intervention. Les temps d’AP passés dans la tranche « modérée à vigoureuse » (MVPA) ont été comparés. Résultats : Avant l’intervention, les participants ont passé un temps de 116.1 minutes en moyenne en MVPA pendant une semaine, évaluées par accélérométrie, et 210.2 minutes évaluées par le questionnaire. Après l’intervention, les jeunes obèses ont passé 210.3 minutes versus 316.1 minutes par semaine en MVPA évaluée respectivement par accélérométrie et par questionnaire. Une différence significative a été trouvée entre les deux méthodes, avec une surestimation pour la technique subjective en comparaison avec la mesure objective. Conclusions : Bien que les questionnaires soient simples d’utilisation et facilement administrables pour évaluer l’AP, leur utilisation a des limites. Des méthodes alternatives doivent être prises en compte pour mesurer l’AP chez les enfants et adolescents obèses.
Création de l'ENEP à Paris en 1933 et formation des enseignants d'éducation physique sous la IIIe République
Authors: Fouquet Gérard , Peter Jean-Michel 
Published: April 2012

Résumé Le but de cette étude est de décrire quelques aspects de la formation des enseignants d’éducation physique. Dans un premier temps, il s’agit de rappeler à grands traits quelles étaient ses caractéristiques du milieu du XIX e siècle jusqu’aux années 1920. Puis, à partir des procès-verbaux du conseil d’administration de la première École normale d’éducation physique créée en 1933, d’en montrer les changements, les innovations mais aussi les difficultés.
Endoscopic management of biliary injuries and leaks
Authors: Chandrasekar T. S. , Hussain Hameed , Murugesh M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBile duct injuries and subsequent leaks can occur following laparoscopic and open cholecystectomies and also during other hepatobiliary surgeries. Various patient related and technical factors are implicated in the causation of biliary injuries. Over a period of twenty five years managing such patients of biliary injuries our team has found a practical approach to assess the cause of biliary injuries based on the symptoms, clinical examination and imaging. Bismuth classification is helpful in most of the cases. Immediate referral to a centre experienced in the management of bile duct injury and timely intervention is associated with improved outcomes. Resuscitation, correcting dyselectrolytemia, aspiration of undrained biloma and antibiotics take the priority in the management. The goal is to restore the bile conduit, and to prevent short and longterm complications such as biliary fistula, intra-abdominal abscess, biliary stricture, recurrent cholangitis and secondary biliary cirrhosis. Endoscopic therapy by reducing the transpapillary pressure gradient helps in reducing the leak. Endoscopic therapy with biliary sphincterotomy alone or with additional placement of a biliary stent/nasobiliary drainage is advocated. In our tertiary care referral unit, we found endoscopic interventions are useful in situations where there is leak with associated CBD calculus or a foreign body, peripheral bile duct injury, cystic duct stump leak and partial bile duct injury with leak/narrowing of the lumen. Endotherapy is not useful in case of complete transection (total cut off) and complete stricture involving common hepatic or common bile ducts. In conclusion, endoscopic treatment can be considered a highly effective therapy and should be the first-line therapy in such patients. Though less successful, an endoscopic attempt is warranted in patients suffering from central bile duct leakages failing which surgical management is recommended.
Endoscopic management of pancreatic fluid collections
Authors: Rana Surinder S. , Bhasin Deepak K. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPancreatitis, both acute and chronic, can lead on to various types of fluid collections that include pseudocysts, organized or walled off pancreatic necrosis (WOPN), and pancreatic abscess and these have been traditionally treated by surgery. The advancement in the endoscopic technology and instruments including the availability of therapeutic endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has opened up an era of minimally invasive, safe and effective endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC). Endoscopic drainage is to be done only in symptomatic patients and it can be accomplished either through the transpapillary, transmural, or using a combination of these two routes. The decision to use one approach over the other depends on the size of the PFC, its proximity to the stomach or duodenum, presence of solid necrotic debris and the ability to enter the pancreatic duct and/or reach the area of disruption. EUS guided drainage should be considered in patients with non-bulging fluid collections, high pretest probability of bleeding, prior failed transmural entry using non-EUS guided technique and, collections inaccessible by standard technique like those located at the tail end of the pancreas.
Endoscopic management of recurrent pancreatitis
Authors: Lehman Glen A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEndoscopic therapy is a well-established, valuable alternative to surgery for the treatment of a variety of biliary tract diseases. Applications of similar techniques to the pancreas continue to develop. Encouraged by the recognition of the relative safety of ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) for gallstone pancreatitis, endoscopic therapy is now being applied in the setting of acute pancreatitis of other etiologies, chronic pancreatitis, complications of acute or chronic pancreatitis, and pancreas divisum.
Prevention of post endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis
Authors: Guda Nalini M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPost ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) is a common problem. Knowledge of patient and procedure related risk factors along with appropriate measures aimed at reduction of risk have been successful in reducing both the incidence and the severity. Prophylactic pancreatic duct stenting has definitely reduced the incidence and the severity of PEP in high risk patients. There are some emerging data on the use of non steroidal anti inflammatory agents though this is not widely adapted in practice. Key is to avoid procedures with marginal indications and use of non invasive/less invasive procedures.