bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Palladium‐Catalysed Multicomponent Aminocarbonylation of Aryl or Heteroaryl Halides with [Mo(CO)6] and Aryl‐ or ­Heteroarylamines Using Conventional Heating
Authors: Begouin Agathe , Queiroz Maria‐João R. P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDi(hetero)arylamides have been synthesized in short reaction times by palladium‐catalysed multicomponent aminocarbonylation of either electron‐deficient or electron‐rich heteroaryl halides and p‐iodoanisole with several arylamines bearing either electron‐donating or ‐withdrawing groups and aminopyridines using [Mo(CO)6] as a solid CO source and conventional heating. Starting from heteroaryl bromides, a palladacycle with tBu3PHBF4 as ligand is required together with DBU as a base in dioxane and a temperature of 125 °C. From (hetero)aryl iodides, Pd(OAc)2 without a ligand and DBU were used in dioxane at 110 °C. Under the latter conditions we were able to apply this reaction to deactivated aminopyridines to obtain the corresponding di(hetero)arylamides. We have demonstrated that these reactions can be performed under conventional heating (110–125 °C) to yield the corresponding di(hetero)arylamides in moderate‐to‐high yields in short reaction times (from 1–3 h) with no need for MW irradiation. A N‐substituted isoindoline‐1,3‐dione from 2‐iodobenzoic acid or methyl 2‐iodobenzoate and p‐anisidine through a one‐step carbonylative cyclization reaction was also obtained. Thus, we have extended the scope of thispalladium‐catalysed aminocarbonylation reaction with [Mo(CO)6] to several (hetero)aryl substrates using conventional heating. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Molecular Designs and Syntheses of Organic Dyes for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Ooyama Yousuke , Harima Yutaka 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on organic dyes adsorbed on nanocrystalline TiO2 electrodes have received considerable attention because of their high incident solar light‐to‐electricity conversion efficiency and low cost of production. A number of organic dyes have so far been developed, and the relationship between their chemical structures and the photovoltaic performances of DSSCs based on the dyes has been examined. To create high‐performance DSSCs, it is important to develop effective organic dye sensitizers, which should be optimized for the chemical structures to possess good light‐harvesting features, to provide good electron communication between the dyes and a TiO2 electrode, and to control the molecular arrangements on the TiO2 electrode. The aim of this microreview is to highlight the design and synthesis of organic dyes for DSSCs based on recent work of organic chemists. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Exercise preferences among patients with head and neck cancer: Prevalence and associations with quality of life, symptom severity, depression, and rural residence
Authors: Rogers Laura Q. , Malone James , Rao Krishna , Courneya Kerry S. , Fogleman Amanda , Tippey Amaris , Markwell Stephen J. , Robbins K. Thomas 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to determine exercise preferences among patients with head and neck cancer and their associations with quality of life, symptom severity, depression, and rural residence.MethodsThis study involved a cross‐sectional chart review and self‐administered survey, with 90 outpatients with head and neck cancer (response rate = 83%).ResultsThe majority were <65 years old (65%), male (78%), and white (96%) with stage ≥III (81%). Lack of preference was the most frequent option for counseling source (66%), counseling delivery (47%), and exercise variability (52%). Popular specific preferences included outdoors (49%), morning (47%), and alone (50%). Significant adjusted associations occurred for patients' interest with lower functional well‐being, alone with higher functional well‐being, and morning with higher total quality of life and emotional, social, and functional well‐being. No significant associations occurred with symptoms, depression, or rural residence.ConclusionPatients with head and neck cancer may be open to a variety of exercise options. Quality of life may influence interest and preference for exercising alone or in the morning. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Detection of survivin and p53 in human oral cancer: Correlation with clinicopathologic findings
Authors: Khan Zakir , Tiwari Ram P. , Mulherkar Rita , Sah Nand K. , Prasad Godavarthi BKS , Shrivastava Braj R. , Bisen Prakash S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackgroundSurvivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis, is overexpressed in cancer. It has been implicated in both prevention of apoptosis and cell cycle regulation. We investigated the distribution of antiapoptotic protein survivin in 29 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and 16 oral premalignant lesions. It has been suggested that wild‐type p53 represses survivin expression. Therefore, we investigated the status of p53 in relation to survivin to determine the potential involvement in oral tumorigenesis.MethodsOral cancer tissues were freshly obtained at the time of surgery and classified as per general rules of head and neck cancer (TNM classification). Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction were conducted to study the expression of survivin and p53. The Fisher's exact test was employed to determine the association of survivin and p53 with clinicopathologic parameters of the subjects being studied.ResultsPositive staining for survivin was found in 72% OSCC and 44% oral premalignant lesions with no immunoreactions in the corresponding normal tissues. For p53, 59% OSCC, 38% premalignant lesions, and 14% normal tissues were positive. Importantly, about half of the p53‐positive OSCC and premalignant tissues also showed survivin positivity (28% OSCC and 18% premalignant lesions). Further, it is observed that the number of survivin positive cells was significantly higher in the p53‐positive group. Survivin is expressed in a varying proportion of cells, and in majority of patients it was localized in cytoplasm, whereas p53 is strictly restricted to the nucleus. The survivin expression levels in both primary OSCC and premalignant lesions were significantly higher than in normal oral tissues (OSCC, p < .0008; premalignant lesions, p < .04). No significant correlations between survivin and p53 expression with clinicopathologic parameters were found.ConclusionsFrequent overexpression of apoptosis regulators, survivin and p53, in OSCC as well as in oral premalignant lesions were found. Overexpression of these 2 markers in premalignant lesions suggest a role in early stages of oral carcinogenesis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Local recurrences and second primary tumors from squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity: A retrospective analytic study of 500 patients
Authors: González‐García Raúl , Naval‐Gías Luis , Román‐Romero Leticia , Sastre‐Pérez Jesús , Rodríguez‐Campo Francisco J. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of local recurrences (LRs) and second primary tumors (SPTs) from squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity primarily treated with surgery and to further study their relationship with several primary tumor clinical and pathological features.Methods.Five hundred of 522 patients with SCC of the oral cavity primarily treated with surgery were retrospectively analyzed for the appearance of LRs and SPTs within the oral cavity. All patients with SPTs fulfilled the Warren & Gates criteria. Several clinical features were analyzed. Histological study included TNM classification, tumor size, tumor thickness, surgical margins, perineural infiltration, peritumoral inflammation, and bone involvement. In the univariant analysis, the possible association between different clinical and pathological features and the presence of LRs or SPTs was analyzed by means of the chi‐square test for categorical data and the Student's t test for parametric data. The appearance of LRs and SPTs was also studied by binary logistic regression as time‐dependant phenomena, in the univariant analysis. Logistic regression was also used for the multivariant analysis between the selected variables. The Kaplan‐Meier method was used to estimate the probability of SPT‐ or LR‐free survival.Results.The mean duration of the follow‐up period was 52.27 ± 49.52 months. At the end of this time, 53.82% of the patients were alive without evidence of disease, whereas 31.48% had specifically died of disease. Twenty‐eight (5.6%) patients developed an SPT within the oral cavity, whereas 95 (19%) patients developed an LR during the whole follow‐up period. The 5‐year disease‐specific survival rate for the whole series was 67.2%, in contrast to 34.9% in the group of patients with SPT and/or LR. In relation to the univariant analysis, T classification, TNM staging, pT classification, surgical margins, bone involvement, and postoperative radiotherapy (RT) were found to be predictive for LR. In relation to the multivariant analysis, only postoperative RT and bone involvement were predictive for the development of LR.Conclusion.The identification of preoperative and postoperative clinical and pathological features that prelude a higher risk for the appearance of LRs and/or SPTs may be of potential interest in determining which patients should benefit of a closer regular follow‐up. When considering together the whole clinical and pathological features, only postoperative RT and bone involvement were predictive for the development of LRs. Because of the poor survival rate of the affected patients, we strongly recommend aggressive surgical treatment following the appearance of an SPT or LR. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Analysis of free flap viability based on recipient vein selection
Authors: Francis David O. , Stern Ryan E. , Zeitler Daniel , Izzard Mark , Futran Neal D. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground.Venous anastomotic failure is the primary reason for microvascular free tissue transfer failure. Donor and recipient veins can be oriented in the same longitudinal axis (end‐to‐end anastomosis), or the donor vein can be anastomosed to the internal jugular vein in an end‐to‐side configuration. No consensus on the optimal anastomosis configuration exists. We sought to evaluate whether type of venous anastomosis impacts flap survival rate.Methods.Data were collected on all patients undergoing microvascular free flap reconstruction of head and neck defects at the University of Washington between August 1993 and April 2007. Flaps with a single venous anastomosis were analyzed. Flaps were stratified into those with end‐to‐end and end‐to‐side anastomoses. Survival rates were compared between groups using bivariate and multivariate techniques.Results.Inclusion criteria were met by 786 free flaps; 87% performed in an end‐to‐end and 13% in an end‐to‐side configuration. Flap re‐exploration and failure rate were 4.3% and 1.1%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, there was no difference in odds of flap re‐exploration (OR .70, 95% CI .23–2.18) or flap failure whether or not an end‐to‐end or end‐to‐side anastomosis was performed (OR 2.09, 95% CI .38–11.5).Conclusions.In this large cohort of patients, we found no difference in the odds of flap re‐exploration or failure based on venous anastomotic configuration. Reconstructive surgeons should have both anastomotic techniques in their repertoire to optimize the success of every flap. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Predictors of outcome for advanced‐stage supraglottic laryngeal cancer
Authors: Ganly Ian , Patel Snehal G. , Matsuo Jeanette , Singh Bhuvanesh , Kraus Dennis H. , Boyle Jay , Wong Richard J. , Lee Nancy , Pfister David G. , Shaha Ashok R. , Shah Jatin P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground.The objective of this study was to report our experience in the management of patients with advanced‐stage supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma and to identify factors predictive of outcome.Methods.In total, 181 patients with advanced‐stage supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma were treated at Memorial Sloan‐Kettering Cancer Center between 1984 and 1998. Sixty‐nine (38%) patients were treated by surgery ± postoperative radiotherapy (SRT), 93 (52%) by chemoradiotherapy (CTRT), and 19 (10%) by radiotherapy alone (RT). Survival outcomes were calculated using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Predictors of outcome were identified using multivariate analysis.Results.The‐5 year overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were 53% and 71%, respectively. Patients treated with SRT and CTRT had comparable outcomes. The main independent predictors of OS and DSS were age greater than 60 years and stage of the neck at presentation.Conclusion.Regardless of index treatment, age over 60 years and clinical stage of the neck at presentation were the main independent predictors of OS and DSS. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Theoretical study of the prion protein based on the fragment molecular orbital method
Authors: Ishikawa Takeshi , Ishikura Takakazu , Kuwata Kazuo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe performed fragment molecular orbital (FMO) calculations to examine the molecular interactions between the prion protein (PrP) and GN8, which is a potential curative agent for prion diseases. This study has the following novel aspects: we introduced the counterpoise method into the FMO scheme to eliminate the basis set superposition error and examined the influence of geometrical fluctuation on the interaction energies, thereby enabling rigorous analysis of the molecular interaction between PrP and GN8. This analysis could provide information on key amino acid residues of PrP as well as key units of GN8 involved in the molecular interaction between the two molecules. The present FMO calculations were performed using an original program developed in our laboratory, called “Parallelized ab initio calculation system based on FMO (PAICS)”. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2009
Tuning aromaticity in trigonal alkaline earth metal clusters and their alkali metal salts
Authors: JimÉnez‐halla J. Oscar C. , Matito Eduard , Blancafort LluÍs , Robles Juvencio , Solà Miquel 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this work, we analyze the geometry and electronic structure of the [XnM3]n−2 species (M = Be, Mg, and Ca; X = Li, Na, and K; n = 0, 1, and 2), with special emphasis on the electron delocalization properties and aromaticity of the cyclo‐[M3]2− unit. The cyclo‐[M3]2− ring is held together through a three‐center two‐electron bond of σ‐character. Interestingly, the interaction of these small clusters with alkali metals stabilizes the cyclo‐[M3]2− ring and leads to a change from σ‐aromaticity in the bound state of the cyclo‐[M3]2− to π‐aromaticity in the XM3− and X2M3 metallic clusters. Our results also show that the aromaticity of the cyclo‐[M3]2− unit in the X2M3 metallic clusters depends on the nature of X and M. Moreover, we explored the possibility for tuning the aromaticity by simply moving X perpendicularly to the center of the M3 ring. The Na2Mg3, Li2Mg3, and X2Ca3 clusters undergo drastic aromaticity alterations when changing the distance from X to the center of the M3 ring, whereas X2Be3 and K2Mg3 keep its aromaticity relatively constant along this process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009
Comparison of photobioreactors and optimal light regime for rapid vegetative propagation of transgenic Undaria pinnatifida gametophytes
Authors: Deng Xiangyuan , Qin Song , Zhang Yichen , Jiang Peng 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Previously, tachyplesin gene (tac) has been successfully transferred into Undaria pinnatifida gametophytes using the method of microprojectile bombardment transformation. The objectives of this study were to compare and evaluate the performance of bubble‐column and airlift bioreactors to determine a preferred configuration of bioreactor for vegetative propagation of transgenic U. pinnatifida gametophytes, and to then investigate the influence of light on vegetative propagation of these gametophytes, including incident light intensity, photoperiod and light quality to resolve the problems of rapid vegetative propagation within the selected bioreactor.RESULTS: Experimental results showed that final dry cell density in the airlift bioreactor was 12.7% higher than that in the bubble‐column bioreactor under the optimal aeration rate of 1.2 L air min−1 L−1 culture. And a maximum final dry cell density of 2830 mg L−1 was obtained within the airlift bioreactor using blue light at 40 µmol m−2 s−1 with a light/dark cycle of 14/10 (h). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis indicated that genes (bar and tac) were not lost during rapid vegetative propagation within the airlift bioreactor.CONCLUSION: The airlift bioreactor was shown to be much more suitable for rapid vegetative propagation of transgenic U. pinnatifida gametophytes than the bubble‐column bioreactor in the laboratory. The use of blue light allows improvement of vegetative propagation of transgenic U. pinnatifida gametophytes. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
A new method for the determination of the relative affinity of a ligand against various DNA sequences by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Application to a polyamide minor groove binder
Authors: Buchmann William , Boutorine Alexandre , Halby Ludovic , Tortajada Jeanine , De Pauw Edwin 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA new method for the determination of the relative affinity of a ligand against various dsDNA sequences is presented by using electrospray ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (ESI‐QTOF) mass spectrometry. The principle is described here through the complexation of double‐stranded DNA by a polyamide ligand including twelve N‐methylpyrrole rings. However this method could be applied to other ligands especially when dissociation constants (Kd) are in nanomolar range. This method does not require knowing the ligand concentration accurately. It allows determination of the relative affinity of a ligand against various dsDNA sequences for 1 : 1 complex stoichiometries in a quick manner without labeling. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phenotype and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal cells from adipose tissue of different species
Authors: Martínez‐Lorenzo María José , Royo‐Cañas María , Alegre‐Aguarón Elena , Desportes Paula , Castiella Tomás , García‐Álvarez Felícito , Larrad Luis 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells capable of differentiating into several mesoderm lineages. They have been isolated from different tissues, such as bone marrow, adult peripheral blood, umbilical cord blood, and adipose tissue. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences in proliferation and phenotype of adipose tissue‐derived MSCs from three different species, and to evaluate their capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes in vitro. A comparative study of cultured human, rabbit, and sheep mesenchymal cells from adipose tissue was carried out, and the main morphological parameters, proliferative activity, and expression of surface markers were characterized. Proliferation and flow cytometry data showed species‐related differences between animal and human MSCs. Histological staining suggested that rabbit and sheep mesenchymal cells were able to differentiate into chondrocytic lineages. Human mesenchymal cells, though they could also differentiate, accomplished it with more difficulty than animal MSCs. These results could help to explain the differences in the chondrogenic capacity of sheep and rabbit MSCs when they are used as animal models compared to human mesenchymal cells in a clinical assay. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1499–1507, 2009
Medial knee joint loading increases in those who respond to hyaluronan injection for medial knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Briem Kristin , Axe Michael J. , Snyder‐Mackler Lynn 
Published: April 2009

AbstractKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a cause of decline in function and the medial compartment is often affected. Intraarticular injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) is indicated as a symptom modifying treatment with at least 6 months passing between consecutive injection series. The effects of HA injection on gait variables have not been extensively examined. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the effects of HA injection on gait in people with medial knee OA. Twenty‐seven subjects were included; each was tested prior to treatment (baseline), no later than 3 weeks following the last injection (post‐HA), and again 5 months after treatment ended (follow‐up). Responder criteria were defined to identify responders and non‐responders. Subjects underwent 3D gait analysis, muscle activity was sampled, and co‐contraction indices were calculated. Responders experienced increased peak knee adduction moments post‐HA, whereas non‐responders did not. Improved self‐report scores were associated with increased knee adduction moments and increased medial co‐contraction. Pain relief may result in higher loading onto the already vulnerable medial compartment due to changes in lower limb mechanics and muscle activation patterns. Eventually this may result in a more rapid progression of joint deterioration. © 2009 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 27:1420–1425, 2009
Impact of volatile compounds generated by essential oils on Aspergillus section Flavi growth parameters and aflatoxin accumulation
Authors: Bluma Romina , Landa Maria F , Etcheverry Miriam 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: The advantage of essential oils is their bioactivity in the vapour phase, a characteristic that makes them attractive as possible fumigants for stored grain protection. In this study the antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic effects of the volatile fractions of five essential oils (EOs) were evaluated by vapour contact on Aspergillus section Flavi isolates.RESULTS: In maize meal extract agar the volatile fractions of Pimpinella anisum L. (anise), Pëumus boldus Mol. (boldus), Hedeoma multiflora Benth. (mountain thyme), Lippia turbinata var. integrifolia (Griseb.) (poleo) and Syzygium aromaticum L. (clove) were able to decrease the growth rate and lag phase of aflatoxigenic isolates. Boldus EO showed the best antifungal effect on Aspergillus section Flavi growth rate. In sterilised maize grains, boldus and poleo EOs showed antifungal effects on growth rate and aflatoxin accumulation. The volatile fraction of boldus EO completely inhibited the growth of isolates at water activity (aw) levels of 0.955, 0.930 and 0.900, while poleo EO showed this effect only at the lower aw levels (0.930 and 0.900). All aflatoxigenic isolates showed reduced total aflatoxin accumulation in the presence of boldus EO under all aw conditions.CONCLUSION: These findings clearly indicate that the volatile fraction of boldus EO could be used to control aflatoxigenic fungi in stored maize. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry
Feasibility of using digital speckle correlation in the study of seal contacts
Authors: Gren Per , Kassfeldt Elisabet 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper presents studies of the contact between a soft rubber specimen and glass counterface using the Digital Speckle Correlation method, which provides information of displacements and structural similarities between recorded images. The setup is designed with a real contact and changes in the contact can be varied. Microscopic images using laser light illumination for different displacements are recorded and correlated. The results show that the contact area can be identified both for dry and lubricated contacts. The method can be applied on different geometries, surface roughness and lubricants. Influences of scars and contaminations, e.g. wear particles, may also be analysed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.