bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reported stigma and discrimination by people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia
Authors: Rose D. , Willis R. , Brohan E. , Sartorius N. , Villares C. , Wahlbeck K. , Thornicroft G. 
Published: March 2011

Aims.This article examines the extent of stigma and discrimination as reported by people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The hypothesis is that when people express in their own words the discrimination they experience such discrimination will be found to be widespread.Methods.Seventy-five people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia from 15 different countries were interviewed with a mixed methods instrument to assess reported discrimination. The data were analysed for frequency counts and then a thematic analysis was performed. A conceptual map is provided.Results.The study was a cross-cultural one but, contrary to expectations, few transnational differences were found. The main hypothesis was supported. Conversely, we found that when participants reported ‘positive discrimination’, this could as easily be conceptualised as being treated similarly to how others in society would expect to be treated.Conclusion.Negative discrimination is ubiquitous and sometimes connotatively very strong, with reports of humiliation and abuse. ‘Positive discrimination’ conversely indicates that people with a mental illness diagnosis expect discrimination and are grateful when it does not occur. The literature on self-stigma is discussed and found wanting. Similarly, the theory that contact with mentally ill people reduces stigma and discrimination is not fully supported by our results.
Development and psychometric properties of the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS): a stigma-related behaviour measure
Authors: Evans-Lacko S. , Rose D. , Little K. , Flach C. , Rhydderch D. , Henderson C. , Thornicroft G. 
Published: March 2011

Background.Although stigma in relation to mental health has been defined as including components of knowledge, attitudes and behaviour, no psychometrically tested instrument to assess behavioural discrimination at the population level has been developed. This paper presents details of the development and psychometric properties of the Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS), an instrument based on the Star Social Distance Scale, to assess reported (past and current) and intended (future) behavioural discrimination among the general public against people with mental health problems.Methods.Three studies were carried out to evaluate psychometric properties of the RIBS (Study 1,n = 92; Study 2,n= 37; Study 3,n= 403). Adults aged 25–45 in socio-economic groups: B, C1 and C2 (middle-income groups) took part in development and testing of the RIBS.Results.Internal consistency and test–retest reliability is moderate/substantial. Strong consensus validity was found, as rated by service users/consumers and international experts in stigma research.Conclusions.Use of a behavioural outcome may be important to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions intended to reduce stigma and/or discrimination related to mental illness. The RIBS was found to be a brief, feasible and psychometrically robust measure for assessing mental health-related reported and intended behavioural discrimination.
The trauma symptom inventory: Italian validation of an instrument for the assessment of post-traumatic symptoms
Authors: Gambetti E. , Bensi L. , Nori R. , Giusberti F. 
Published: March 2011

Aim.The trauma symptom inventory (TSI; Briere, 1995) is a useful instrument for the assessment of post-traumatic and common trauma-related mental health symptoms. The purpose of the study was to validate the Italian version of the original TSI.Methods.Participants from non-clinical (n = 285), clinical (n = 110) and post-traumatic (n = 30) samples completed the TSI as part of a battery that included self-report measures of trauma exposure [MMPI-2 PK scale and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R)] and of psychological symptoms [brief symptom inventory (BSI) and symptom questionnaire (SQ)]. TSI validity scales were compared with MMPI-2 validity scales in order to assess convergent validity.Results.The TSI Italian version showed adequate internal consistency reliability and a good convergent validity. Discriminant function analysis indicates a classification accuracy of TSI scales of 90% for true-positive and 91.4% for true-negative post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) cases. A revised three-factor structural model, which demonstrated an adequate and the best fit for the data, was proposed.Conclusions.The study extended the generalization and validity of TSI and provided some suggestions for eventually revisiting factorial structure of the questionnaire.
Dramatherapy and Spirituality in Dementia Care
Authors: Jaaniste Joanna 
Published: March 2011

Dramatherapy lends itself seamlessly to a person-centred approach, particularly important for elderly people who are nearing the end of their lives. The dramatherapy group affords a holding environment where existential issues and key life questions can be worked with creatively. Although their expression may sometimes seem chaotic (as in dementia), elderly people are often the guardians or holders of much end-of-life wisdom. By means of story, metaphor, play and improvisation, cultural questions and answers can assist with celebration, reminiscence, pleasure and grieving, and ultimately the transition to a dignified and spiritually meaningful death. In this way, the spirituality of the person with dementia can be explored and accepted. Spirituality has informed theatre and drama throughout history, and the healing properties of the arts are referred to in the histories of many societies. In contemporary western culture, especially that of the last 50 years, there has been a growth of consciousness that creative activity can contribute to people's health and well-being and that the area of spirituality is integral, and perhaps even central, to psycho-social health and a sense of well-being. In this paper, selected dramatherapy literature is reviewed, that supports the contention that the practice of these therapies is an effective means of assisting elderly people afflicted with moderate-to-severe dementia to value their ageing process. Arts therapies may assist them to cope with the grief and loss their ageing may entail, as they lose friends and physical and mental capacity, in a society where elderly people are marginalised. Case studies and theoretical examples are presented to show how group work can be structured so that issues of elderly people with dementia can be addressed in a creative way.
Citing data sources in the social sciences: do authors do it?
Authors: MOONEY Hailey 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTIt is expected that authors will provide citations for all papers referenced in their writings. The necessity of providing citations for data is not so widely recognized. Proponents of the data‐sharing movement have advocated the citation of datasets in order to recognize contributions and enhance access. This study examines a sample of papers from the Inter‐University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR) Bibliography of Data‐Related Literature that are based on secondary analysis of datasets available in the ICPSR data archive to determine the data citation practices of authors. The results indicate that many authors fail to cite the data used in secondary analysis studies. Possible reasons for the dismal state of data citation practices are considered, including the recent introduction of data into the scholarly record and its marginalization as an information format. Updating citation practices to include datasets will support data sharing and foster responsible scholarship.
JUSP in time: a partnership approach to developing a journal usage statistics portal
Authors: CRADOCK Chris , MEEHAN Paul , NEEDHAM Paul 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe Journal Usage Statistics Portal (JUSP) service is expanding rapidly, and aims to encompass all NESLi2‐participating publishers by the end of 2011, together with all UK higher‐education institutions subscribing to deals from those publishers. A key part of the success of JUSP will be the implementation of the Standardized Usage Statistics Harvesting Initiative (SUSHI) protocol for automatic harvesting of usage statistics directly from publishers. This article outlines development of the service and describes how JUSP is working with Oxford University Press to deliver usage statistics to libraries. We also describe future developments at JUSP, including the creation of our own SUSHI server, and explain how new initiatives and enhancements are developed and rolled out in conjunction with our participating institutions.
Perceived value of scholarly articles
Authors: TENOPIR Carol , ALLARD Suzie , BATES Benjamin J. , LEVINE Kenneth J. , KING Donald W. , BIRCH Ben , MAYS Regina , CALDWELL Chris 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTWhen faced with an abundance of articles, readers must weigh the relative importance of various characteristics to select which articles to read. Over 400 researchers in 12 countries responded to a questionnaire that asked them to rank seven article characteristics and rate 16 article profiles. After article topic, the next most highly ranked characteristics were online accessibility and source of article. Conjoint analysis revealed the highest rated profiles to be (i) article written by a top‐tier author, in a top peer‐reviewed journal, available online at no personal cost to the reader; and (ii) article written by a top‐tier author, in a peer‐reviewed journal not in the top tier, available online at no personal cost to the reader. There were significant differences in characteristic rankings by discipline and geographic location.
Integrated profiling of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma with 7q gain
Authors: Chigrinova Ekaterina , Mian Michael , Shen Yulei , Greiner Timothy C. , Chan Wing C. , Vose Julie M. , Inghirami Giorgio , Chiappella Annalisa , Baldini Luca , Ponzoni Maurilio , Ferreri Andrés J. M. , Franceschetti Silvia , Gaidano Gianluca , Tucci Alessandra , Facchetti Fabio , Lazure Thierry , Lambotte Olivier , Montes‐Moreno Santiago , Piris Miguel A. , Zucca Emanuele , Kwee Ivo , Bertoni Francesco 
Published: March 2011

SummaryTo characterize diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with chromosome 7 gains, we combined clinical data with genomic, RNA and miRNA profiling. Gains were associated with age >60 years, female gender, a trend for higher complete response rate, lower death rate, and better overall survival in patients treated with R‐CHOP. Lesions were inversely associated with bone marrow involvement and number of extra‐nodal sites. Differentially expressed transcripts were enriched of genes belonging to specific pathways and miRNAs targets. MIR96, MIR182, MIR589, MIR25 were shown significantly up‐regulated in 7q+ DLBCL by real‐time PCR.
A multi‐centre study of therapeutic efficacy and safety of platelet components treated with amotosalen and ultraviolet A pathogen inactivation stored for 6 or 7 d prior to transfusion
Authors: Lozano Miguel , Knutson Folke , Tardivel René , Cid Joan , Maymó Rosa Maria , Löf Helena , Roddie Huw , Pelly Jane , Docherty Anthony , Sherman Claire , Lin Lily , Propst Meisa , Corash Laurence , Prowse Chris 
Published: March 2011

SummaryBacteria in platelet components (PC) may result in transfusion‐related sepsis (TRS). Pathogen inactivation of PC with amotosalen (A‐PC) can abrogate the risk of TRS and hence facilitate storage to 7 d. A randomized, controlled, double‐blinded trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of A‐PC stored for 6–7 d was conducted. Patients were randomized to receive one transfusion of conventional PC (C‐PC) or A‐PC stored for 6–7 d. The primary endpoint was the 1 h corrected count increment (CCI) with an acceptable inferiority of 30%. Secondary endpoints included 1‐ and 24‐h count increment (CI), 24‐h CCI, time to next PC transfusion, red blood cell (RBC) use, bleeding and adverse events. 101 and 100 patients received A‐PC or C‐PC respectively. The ratio of 1‐h CCI (A‐PC:C‐PC) was 0·87 (95% confidence interval: 0·73, 1·03) demonstrating non‐inferiority (P = 0·007), with respective mean 1‐h CCIs of 8163 and 9383; mean 1‐h CI was not significantly different. Post‐transfusion bleeding and RBC use were not significantly different (P = 0·44, P = 0·82 respectively). Median time to the next PC transfusion after study PC was not significantly different between groups: (2·2 vs. 2·3 d, P = 0·72). Storage of A‐PCs for 6–7 d had no impact on platelet efficacy.
Minor bleeds alert for subsequent major bleeding in patients using vitamin K antagonists
Authors: Veeger Nic J. G. M. , Piersma‐Wichers Margriet , Meijer Karina , Hillege Hans L. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryVitamin K antagonists (VKA) are effective in primary and secondary prevention of thromboembolism, but the associated risk of bleeding is an important limitation. The majority of bleeds are clinically mild. In this study, we assessed whether these minor bleeds are associated with major bleeding, when controlling for other important risk indicators, including the achieved quality of anticoagulation. For this, 5898 patients attending a specialized anticoagulation clinic were retrospectively studied for 1 year after initiation of VKA therapy. The risk of major bleeding was estimated using a multivariate piecewise exponential model with time‐varying exposure for occurring minor bleeds. In patients with a minor bleed (N = 1015) subsequent major bleeding occurred more frequently than in patients without a minor bleed (N = 4883), with an incidence rate of 2·3 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·4–3·7] vs. 1·2 per 100 person‐years (95% CI 0·9–1·7). The adjusted relative risk of subsequent major bleeding after a minor bleed was 2·9 (95% CI 1·1–7·2, P = 0·024). The percentage of time that a patient had an International Normalized Ratio (INR) above 5 was also independently associated with major bleeding, with a 2·2‐fold increased risk in patients with at least 9% of time above INR 5 (95% CI 1·3–4·0, P = 0·006). Minor bleeds alert for subsequent major bleeding, independent of the quality of anticoagulation.
Transgenic expression of human S100A12 induces structural airway abnormalities and limited lung inflammation in a mouse model of allergic inflammation
Authors: Hofmann Bowman M. A. , Heydemann A. , Gawdzik J. , Shilling R. A. , Camoretti‐Mercado B. 
Published: March 2011

Cite this as: M. A. Hofmann Bowman, A. Heydemann, J. Gawdzik, R. A. Shilling and B. Camoretti‐Mercado, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2011 (41) 878–889.SummaryBackground
The calcium‐binding protein S100A12 is highly up‐regulated in the serum and sputum of patients with allergic asthma and is suggested to be a biomarker and pathologic mediator of asthma.Objective
To test the role of S100A12 in mediating airway inflammation in a mouse model of allergic lung inflammation.Methods
Transgenic (TG) mice that express human S100A12 and wild‐type (WT) littermates were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) and assessed for inflammation, lung structure, and function.Results
Following OVA sensitization and challenge, S100A12 TG mice showed reduced peribronchial and perivascular inflammation, mucus production, and eosinophilia as well as attenuated airway responsiveness to contractile agonist compared with WT sensitized and challenged animals. This is explained, at least in part, by remodelled airways in S100A12 TG mice with thinning of the airway smooth muscle. S100A12 exposure induced Fas expression and activation of caspase 3 in cultured airway smooth muscle cells, suggesting that airway smooth muscle abnormalities observed in S100A12 TG mice may be mediated through myocyte apoptosis.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance
S100A12 is one of the most abundant proteins found in the airways of human asthmatics, and it was postulated that S100A12 could mediate the inflammatory process. Our study shows for the first time that TG expression of S100A12 in the lung of mice does not exacerbate lung inflammation in a model of OVA‐induced allergic inflammation. We speculate that the high levels of S100/calgranulins found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of asthmatics and of OVA‐treated TG S100A12 mice do not significantly mediate pulmonary inflammation.
Plant community responses to nitrogen addition and increased precipitation: the importance of water availability and species traits
Authors: YANG HAIJUN , LI YANG , WU MINGYU , ZHANG ZHE , LI LINGHAO , WAN SHIQIANG 
Published: March 2011

AbstractGlobal nitrogen (N) enrichment and changing precipitation regimes are likely to alter plant community structure and composition, with consequent influences on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Responses of plant community structure and composition to N addition and increased precipitation were examined in a temperate steppe in northern China. Increased precipitation and N addition stimulated and suppressed community species richness, respectively, across 6 years (2005–2010) of the manipulative experiment. N addition and increased precipitation significantly altered plant community structure and composition at functional groups levels. The significant relationship between species richness and soil moisture (SM) suggests that plant community structure is mediated by water under changing environmental conditions. In addition, plant height played an important role in affecting the responses of plant communities to N addition, and the effects of increased precipitation on plant community were dependent on species rooting depth. Our results highlight the importance and complexity of both abiotic (SM) and biotic factors (species traits) in structuring plant community under changing environmental scenarios. These findings indicate that knowledge of species traits can contribute to mechanistic understanding and projection of vegetation dynamics in response to future environmental change.
Throughfall exclusion and leaf litter addition drive higher rates of soil nitrous oxide emissions from a lowland wet tropical forest
Authors: WIEDER WILLIAM R. , CLEVELAND CORY C. , TOWNSEND ALAN R. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractTropical forests are a significant global source of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Predicted environmental changes for this biome highlight the need to understand how simultaneous changes in precipitation and labile carbon (C) availability may affect soil N2O production. We conducted a small‐scale throughfall and leaf litter manipulation in a lowland tropical forest in southwestern Costa Rica to test how potential changes in both water and litter derived labile C inputs to soils may alter N2O emissions. Experimentally reducing throughfall in this wet tropical forest significantly increased soil emissions of N2O, and our data suggest that at least part of this response was driven by an increase in the concentration of dissolved organic carbon [DOC] inputs delivered from litter to soil under the drier conditions. Furthermore, [DOC] was significantly correlated with N2O emissions across both throughfall and litterfall manipulation plots, despite the fact that native NO3− pools in this site were generally small. Our results highlight the importance of understanding not only the potential direct effects of changing precipitation on soil biogeochemistry, but also the indirect effects resulting from interactions between the hydrologic, C and N cycles. Finally, over all sampling events we observed lower mean N2O emissions (<1 ng N2O‐N cm−2 h−1) than reported for many other lowland tropical forests, perhaps reflecting a more general pattern of increasing relative N constraints to biological activity as one moves from drier to wetter portions of the lowland tropical forest biome.
Prevalence of bruising at the vascular access site one week after elective cardiac catheterisation or percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Cosman Tammy L , Arthur Heather M , Natarajan Madhu K 
Published: March 2011

Aim.  To identify the prevalence and predictors of VAS bruising in the 5–7 days following cardiac catheterisation or percutaneous coronary intervention.Background.  Complication(s) of cardiac catheterisation and/or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) occur commonly at the vascular access site (VAS). While major complications, such as retroperitoneal bleeding, are evident before hospital discharge, the prevalence of VAS bruising in the early post‐discharge period is undocumented.Design.  Prospective observational study.Method. Data were collected on 172 patients following cardiac catheterisation and/or PCI through (1) chart review, (2) pre‐discharge assessment and (3) telephone follow up 5–7 days post‐discharge.Results. At the time of telephone follow up bruising was reported in 68·6% of all patients (n = 118), with 47% of those patients (n = 56) reporting bruises larger than 7·5 cm (3 inches). Incidence of bruising varied by access site; 73% of patients (n = 86) who had femoral access, 83% (n = 15) with femoral access plus closure device and 60% (n = 17) of patients with radial access reported bruising 5–7 days post‐discharge. Bivariate analysis revealed a significant association between female sex and post discharge bruising (χ2 10·490, p = 0·001), with a likelihood ratio of 11·20. Abciximab use during the procedure was associated with post discharge bruising (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0·045). Logistic regression analysis revealed female sex as a significant predictor of bruising after discharge (p = 0·001).Conclusion.  This study suggests that the majority of patients will experience significant bruising at the VAS following discharge and that women may be more at risk.Relevance to clinical practice.  The high prevalence of post‐discharge bruising after cardiac catheterisation and/or PCI has important implications for nursing education and preparation of patients prior to hospital discharge.
Concerted genetic, morphological and ecological diversification inNacellalimpets in the Magellanic Province
Authors: GONZÁLEZ‐WEVAR C. A. , NAKANO T. , CAÑETE J. I. , POULIN E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractCommon inhabitants of Antarctic and Subantarctic rocky shores, the limpet genusNacella, includes 15 nominal species distributed in different provinces of the Southern Ocean. The Magellanic Province represents the area with the highest diversity of the genus. Phylogenetic reconstructions showed an absence of reciprocal monophyly and high levels of genetic identity among nominal species in this Province and therefore imply a recent diversification in southern South America. Because most of these taxa coexist along their distribution range with clear differences in their habitat preferences,Nacellais a suitable model to explore diversification mechanisms in an area highly affected by recurrent Pleistocene continental ice cap advances and retreats. Here, we present genetic and morphological comparisons among sympatric Magellanic nominal species ofNacella. We amplified a fragment of the COI gene for 208 individuals belonging to seven sympatric nominal species and performed geometric morphometric analyses of their shells. We detected a complete congruence between genetic and morphological results, leading us to suggest four groups ofNacellaamong seven analysed nominal species. Congruently, each of these groups was related to different habitat preferences such as bathymetric range and substrate type. A plausible explanation for these results includes an ecologically based allopatric speciation process inNacella. Major climatic changes during the Plio‐Pleistocene glacial cycles may have enhanced differentiation processes. Finally, our results indicate that the systematics of the group requires a deep revision to re‐evaluate the taxonomy ofNacellaand to further understand the Pleistocene legacy of the glacial cycles in the southern tip of South America.