bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real‐World Evaluation of Health‐Care Resource Utilization and Costs in Employees with Fibromyalgia Treated with Pregabalin or Duloxetine
Authors: Harnett James , Margolis Jay , Cao Zhun , Fowler Robert , Sanchez Robert J. , Mardekian Jack , Silverman Stuart L. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective:  To evaluate changes in health‐care resource use and costs after initiating pregabalin or duloxetine in employees with fibromyalgia (FM).Methods:  Employees (18 to 64 years old) with at least one claim for an FM‐attributable medication within 60 days following an FM diagnosis were identified using the Thomson Reuters MarketScan® Commercial Database (2006 to 2008). Patients newly initiated on pregabalin were propensity score matched to patients newly initiated on duloxetine. These treatment cohorts were evaluated for changes between the 6‐month pre‐ and post‐initiation periods in health‐care utilization including prescriptions, imputed medically related work loss and expenditures. Pre‐ to post‐initiation changes were compared between pregabalin and duloxetine using a difference‐in‐difference approach based on univariate statistics and multivariable models.Results:  A total of 731 employees with FM initiated on pregabalin (89.9% female, mean age 47.1 ± 9.7 years) were matched with 731 employees initiated on duloxetine (89.5% female, mean age 47.1 ± 9.8 years); other demographic and clinical characteristics were also comparable between cohorts. The adjusted marginal effects were not statistically significant for pre‐ to post‐changes in opioid utilization (P = 0.856), number of FM‐attributable (P = 0.151) or FM‐related medications (P = 0.462), and all‐cause (P = 0.323) or FM‐attributable (P = 0.991) expenditures. Pregabalin was associated with a significantly lower probability of any medically related work loss of 3.2 percentage points (P = 0.030) compared with duloxetine, but changes in indirect costs were not significantly different (P = 0.600).Conclusions:  The changes in health resource utilization and costs after initiation of pregabalin were not significantly different than the changes observed after initiation of duloxetine. These results not only demonstrate an overall similarity of resource utilization, but also suggest cost neutrality between pregabalin and duloxetine.
A Meta‐Analysis of Pain Response in the Treatment of Fibromyalgia
Authors: Roskell Neil S. , Beard Stephen M. , Zhao Yang , Le Trong Kim 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjective:  This meta‐analysis compared efficacy (pain response) of drugs that are licensed or commonly used in the treatment of fibromyalgia. A meta‐analysis of safety measured via discontinuation because of adverse events was also performed.Methods:  We conducted a meta‐analysis of 21 clinical trials to estimate treatment differences vs. placebo, separately, for duloxetine, fluoxetine, gabapentin, milnacipran, pramipexole, pregabalin, either of two tricyclic antidepressants, and tramadol plus paracetamol. Indirect treatment comparisons using mixed treatment comparisons methodology were conducted for all pairwise comparisons. Pain response was analyzed as improvement of at least 30%, and separately of 50%, from baseline.Results:  When compared with placebo, statistically significant pain responses (improvement of 30% and 50%) were observed for patients treated with duloxetine, milnacipran 200 mg/day, pregabalin 300 or 450 mg/day, and tramadol plus paracetamol. Treatment with fluoxetine, gabapentin, or milnacipran 100 mg/day resulted in significant findings for the 30% improvement in pain response. The meta‐analysis showed a statistically increased risk of discontinuation because of adverse events for milnacipran 100 and 200 mg/day (both P < 0.001), and pregabalin 300 and 450 mg/day (P = 0.009 and P < 0.001, respectively). All other treatments, except fluoxetine, showed numerically increased risk over placebo for discontinuation because of adverse events. In the indirect comparisons, no pairwise comparison of active treatments reached statistical significance for either pain response end point.Conclusion:  All eight active treatments displayed evidence suggesting improvement over placebo in the treatment of pain in patients suffering from fibromyalgia. Indirect comparison of active treatments found no strong differences.
Soft tissue development around abutments with a circular macro‐groove in healed sites of partially edentulous posterior maxillae and mandibles: a clinical pilot study
Authors: Weinländer Michael , Lekovic Vojislav , Spadijer‐Gostovic Sanja , Milicic Bilijana , Wegscheider Walther A. , Piehslinger Eva 
Published: December 2010

AbstractObjectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate soft tissue development at concave circular macro‐grooved titanium abutments in healed sites.Material and methods: In a split‐mouth pilot study 10 patients received two implants each at healed posterior sites in contralateral maxillary or mandibular jaw quadrants. Either circular macro‐grooved concave study abutments or conventional convex control abutments were immediately provisionalized and received permanent crowns 3 months postimplantation. Marginal bone level, papilla index, modified plaque and bleeding index were recorded. The esthetic outcome was evaluated with standardized perpendicular pictures according to the Pink Esthetic Score (PES). Statistical analysis included the description of all variables by mean value, standard deviation and range. PES values were compared using the Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired data.Results: Cumulative survival rate for all 20 implants was 100%. At the 1‐year follow–up, there was no statistical significant difference of marginal bone levels between sites restored with the study (−0.11 ± 0.77 mm) vs. the control (−0.34 ± 0.53 mm) abutments (P>0.05). Esthetic evaluation (PES) revealed statistically significant differences in scores between the study group [study abutment group] (7.2 ± 2.82, 8 ± 1.89) and the control group [control abutment group] (9.5 ± 1.58, 10.5 ± 1.72) at the time of prosthetic delivery and the 1‐year follow‐up. Whereas PES scores for mesial papilla at control sites at the 1‐year follow‐up demonstrated statistically significant higher values, both soft tissue level and soft tissue contour at control sites revealed statistically significantly higher PES values (P<0.05) at time of prosthetic delivery and at 1‐year follow‐up when compared with study sites.Conclusions: Concave macro‐grooved abutments in healed posterior maxillary and mandibular sites did not exhibit a superior soft tissue development compared with standard convex abutments. To cite this article:
Weinländer M, Lekovic V, Spadijer‐Gostovic S, Milicic B, Wegscheider WA, Piehslinger E. Soft tissue development around abutments with a circular macro‐groove in healed sites of partially edentulous posterior maxillae and mandibles: a clinical pilot study. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 743–752 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02054.x
Effects of a calcium phosphate coating on the osseointegration of endosseous implants in a rabbit model
Authors: Fontana Filippo , Rocchietta Isabella , Addis Alessandro , Schupbach Peter , Zanotti Gianfranco , Simion Massimo 
Published: December 2010

Abstract:Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate a Ca–P coated implant surface in a rabbit model. The Ca–P surface (test) was compared to the titanium porous oxide surface (control) in terms of bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and removal torque value.Materials and methods: Two hundred and sixteen dental implants were inserted in the tibia and in the femur of 36 rabbits. One hundred and eight were represented by Ca–P oxidized surface implant and other 108 were titanium porous oxide surface modified implants. Each rabbit received six implants. Animals were sacrificed after 2, 4 and 9 weeks of healing. Each group included 12 rabbits. The femoral implant and the proximal implant of the tibia of each animal were subjected to the histologic analysis and the distal implants of the tibia underwent removal torque test (RTQ).Results: Histological analysis in terms of BIC and RTQ did not revealed any significant difference between the Ca–P oxidized surface and the oxidized surface at 2 and 4 weeks. At 9 weeks, the oxidized surface demonstrated better results in terms of RTQ in the tibia.Conclusion: In conclusion, findings from the present study suggested that the Ca–P coating had no beneficial effect in improving bonding strength at the bone–implant interface either at 2, 4 and 9 weeks. To cite this article:
Fontana F, Rocchietta I, Addis A, Schupbach P, Zanotti G, Simion M. Effects of a calcium phosphate coating on the osseointegration of endosseous implants in a rabbit model Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 760–766 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02056.x
Osteoconduction of a stoichiometric and bovine hydroxyapatite bilayer‐coated implant
Authors: Hayami Takashi , Hontsu Shigeki , Higuchi Yuichi , Nishikawa Hiroaki , Kusunoki Masanobu 
Published: December 2010

Abstract:Objective: To impart rapid and durable osteoconductivity to implants, a commercial titanium screw implant was coated with stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA; 50 nm thick), and then with bovine hydroxyapatite (B‐HA; 300 nm thick) using the pulsed laser deposition technique. As control specimens, a commercial implant coated with HA (20 μm thick) using the flame spraying method (sprayed implant) and a simple titanium implant (basic implant) was used.Methods: The osteoconductivities of these three types of implant, after implantation for 4–24 weeks, were histologically evaluated.Results: Peeling of HA from the sprayed implant was observed by scanning electron microscopic observation. In the fourth postoperative week, the bilayered implant was already closely adhered to bone. On the other hand, the basic implant was surrounded by a gap containing connective tissue. With the sprayed implant, the bone adhered to the thick HA coating.Conclusion: The bilayer deposition technique supplies quick and long‐term fixation of implants to bone, because the B‐HA film dissolves to aid osteoconduction right immediately after implantation and the HA thin film maintains osteoconduction without dissolution. Neither of the thin‐film fractures easily compared with thick coatings. To cite this article:
Hayami T, Hontsu S, Higuchi Y, Nishikawa H, Kusunoki M. Osteoconduction of a stoichiometric and bovine hydroxyapatite bilayer‐coated implant. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 22, 2011; 774–776 doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02057.x
Dentistry a second time?
Authors: Oweis Y. , Hattar S. , Eid R. A. , Sabra A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractIntroduction:  Dentistry in Jordan is an attractive profession due to the high social standard it provides. This study aimed to investigate whether dentists would choose dentistry again and whether their professional expectations would change after years of practice. Of special interest were possible differences according to gender, age, degree and place of work.Methods:  A self‐completion questionnaire was filled by a stratified random sample of 355 dentists in Jordan using closed questions. The questionnaire included professional, social and economic factors that influenced people’s choice of dentistry and whether they would choose it again and the reasons for that.Results:  The results showed that 52% of dentists who returned the questionnaire had dentistry as their first choice; the most important determining factor was the dentist’s grades in the general secondary education. Fifty‐two per cent stated that they would not choose it for the second time, the main reason being the health problems acquired through the profession and the low income. Helping others and the social standard dentistry provides were the main reasons given for dentists to choose dentistry again.Conclusion:  We report that more than half of the dentists included in this study would not ‘choose dentistry again’ as their profession regardless of age, gender and degree. This is mainly due to health problems acquired and the low income. We found that job satisfaction is highly affected by the workplace, and that more females are dissatisfied by the profession. This suggests that cultural background strongly affects the career decision.
Identifying student profiles and their impact on academic performance in a Brazilian undergraduate student sample
Authors: da Silva E. T. , de Fátima Nunes M. , Santos L. B. , Queiroz M. G. , Leles C. R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe recognition of the student profile provides strategic information for planning educational policies in the university environment. The aims of this study were to identify natural segmentation of freshman undergraduate dental students based on demographic, socioeconomic and educational variables, and to subsequently investigate their impact on academic performance of Brazilian undergraduate students. Cluster analysis (two‐step algorithm) was used to segment students who entered dental school in the time period from 1999 to 2001 (n = 158) into groups based on responses to a questionnaire completed by students at the time of the admission examination. Clustering analysis revealed three natural groups. Age, the parents’ level of education, and performance on the first admission test were the most important variables for cluster segmentation. Cluster 1 (n = 42; 26.6%) was characterized by female students with higher socioeconomic status and better previous educational indicators. Cluster 2 (n = 62; 39.2%) represented disadvantaged socioeconomic profiles, with a predominance of females and older students. Cluster 3 (n = 54; 34.2%) showed similar socioeconomic characteristics to cluster 1, except for male prevalence, higher age, and experiencing difficulty in the admission test. Clusters’ academic performance was satisfactory in both overall course and course groups (grade point average of at least 7.0), with average ranging from 7.89 (SD = 0.44) to 8.13 (SD = 0.31) and 7.37 (SD = 0.75) to 8.31(SD = 0.26), respectively. Our findings provide encouraging evidence for the current context of equality of access to education and reveal the importance of financial support to maximize successful educational experiences of socioeconomically disadvantaged dental students.
Transcultural skills content in a dental curriculum: a comparative study
Authors: Mariño R. , Hawthorne L. , Morgan M. , Ismail M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground:  Australia has the highest proportion of immigrants in the world (24% of the population is overseas‐born, compared to 22% in New Zealand, 19% in Canada and 12% in the USA). In this context, dental students have become increasingly diverse in a milieu where patients are derived from increasingly diverse backgrounds.Aim:  The study aims to analyse the degree to which transcultural and communication skills content is currently embedded in the medical, physiotherapy and dental curricula at a major Australian university.Materials and methods:  Undergraduate dental, medical and physiotherapy curricula were compared and critically assessed. Researchers considered the amount of transcultural and communication skills content, the number of formal contact hours for each course and the number of teaching staff involved. In addition, 21 interviews were conducted with staff at the three schools, who were involved in the curriculum development process.Results:  The medical and physiotherapy curricula had an explicit focus on transcultural and communication skills as a major and continuing element, delivered by teaching staff from a wide variety of academic and professional backgrounds. In contrast, the dental course showed an under‐representation of transcultural and communication skills content which was taught by a limited number of staff from the School of Dental Science.Conclusions:  In marked contrast to medical and physiotherapy curricula, transcultural and communication skills content had a low formal profile in the dental curriculum. A curriculum review process may be a positive step towards the development of a new training curriculum giving higher priority to transcultural and communication skills to support more effective workforce development.
Are the national guidelines for health behaviour appropriate for older Australians? Evidence from the Men, Women and Ageing project
Authors: McLaughlin Deirdre , Adams Jon , Almeida Osvaldo P , Brown Wendy , Byles Julie , Dobson Annette , Flicker Leon , Hankey Graeme J , Jamrozik Konrad , McCaul Kieran A , Norman Paul E , Pachana Nancy A 
Published: December 2010

Aim:  To review findings from the Men, Women and Ageing (MWA) longitudinal studies and consider their implications for national health guidelines.Methods:  Guidelines for good health for older adults in the areas of body mass index (BMI), physical activity, alcohol consumption and smoking behaviours are compared with MWA findings.Results:  Findings from MWA suggest that current BMI guidelines may be too narrow because BMI in the overweight range appears to be protective for both older men and women. Across all levels of BMI, even low levels of physical activity decrease mortality risk compared with being sedentary. Our findings suggest that consideration should be given to having different alcohol guidelines for older men and women and should include recommendations for alcohol‐free days. The benefit of quitting smoking at any age is apparent for both women and men.Conclusions:  Current national guidelines in the areas discussed in this paper should be reviewed for older people.
Magnitude of the Root effect in red blood cells and haemoglobin solutions of fishes: a tribute to August Krogh
Authors: Berenbrink M. , Koldkjær P. , Hannah Wright E. , Kepp O. , José da Silva A. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractAim:  The ability of high carbon dioxide tensions or low pH to reduce blood oxygen binding even at high oxygen tensions, first observed by August Krogh and Isabella Leitch in 1919 and now known as the Root effect, was studied in red blood cells and haemoglobin solutions of several fish species.Methods:  Red blood cells in physiological saline were acidified at atmospheric oxygen tension by increasing carbon dioxide tensions and the percentage decrease in oxygen content was used to quantify the Root effect. Haemoglobin was incubated in air‐equilibrated citrate buffers between pH 5 and 7 and the percentage decrease in oxygen saturation relative to pH 8 determined by spectral deconvolution.Results:  The maximal magnitude of the Root effect in citrate‐buffered haemoglobin solutions closely matched the value in blood or red blood cells of 11 vertebrates over a Root effect range between 3 and 80%. Contrary to previous reports, there was no evidence for a significant Root effect in red blood cells or haemoglobin solutions of the wels catfish, but a significant Root effect under both conditions in the Siberian sturgeon.Conclusions:  Under the conditions employed in this study, the maximal Root effect of citrate‐buffered haemoglobin solutions closely resembles the maximal Root effect in red blood cells. This strengthens previous studies on the evolution of the Root effect and its role in oxygen concentration at the retina and swimbladder of a large number of fishes that were based on Root effect measurements in haemoglobin solutions.
Efficacy of the use of evidence‐based algorithmic guidelines in the acute care setting for pain assessment and management in older people: a critical review of the literature
Authors: Harmon Joanne R. , Higgins Isabel , Summons Peter , Bellchambers Helen 
Published: December 2010

Harmon J.R., Higgins I., Summons P. & Bellchambers H. (2012) Efficacy of the use of evidence based algorithmic guidelines in the acute care setting for pain assessment and management in older people: a critical review of the literature. International Journal of Older People Nursing7, 127–140  doi: 10.1111/j.1748‐3743.2010.00261.xAim.  The aim of the literature review was to identify all examples of primary research using an algorithmic approach for the implementation of a clinical practice guideline relating to pain assessment and/or management within acute care, with a specific focus on older people.Design.  Critical literature review.Data sources.  Inclusion criteria were; English language publications within the past 13 years; peer reviewed; research conducted within a hospital; about adult inpatients. Exclusion criteria; research located outside of a hospital context; quality improvement studies; rehabilitation studies and literature reviews.Review methods.  Critical appraisal of the literature by using a qualitative interpretation of a translational approach. The literature was thematically mapped according to the criteria of credibility, transferability, plausibility and applicability.Results.  No clinical practice guideline was found that directly related to both assessment and management of pain using an algorithm in acute care for older people. Five studies were found to have relevance and were critically evaluated.Conclusion.  A critique of the literature shows that an algorithmic approach is feasible for translation into a clinical practice guideline for assessment and management of pain in older people within the acute care setting.Implications for practice.  Implementation of any algorithmic approach requires consideration of the environment, culture and availability of resources.
Using distance sampling techniques to estimate bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) abundance at Turneffe Atoll, Belize
Authors: Dick Dorothy M. , Hines Ellen M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractReliable abundance estimates are critical for management and conservation of coastal small cetaceans. This is particularly important in developing countries where coastal human populations are increasing, the impacts of anthropogenic activities are often unknown, and the resources necessary to assess coastal cetaceans are limited. We adapted ship‐based line transect methods to small‐boat surveys to estimate the abundance of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) at Turneffe Atoll, Belize. Using a systematic survey design with random start and uniform coverage, 34 dolphin clusters were sighted during small‐boat line transect surveys conducted in 2005–2006. Distance sampling methods estimated abundance at 216 individuals (CV = 27.7%, 95% CI = 126–370). Due to species rarity in the Atoll, small sample size, and potential violations in line transect assumptions, the estimate should be considered preliminary. Nevertheless, it provides up‐to‐date information on the status of a regional population in an area under increasing threat of habitat loss and prey depletion via uncontrolled development and unsustainable fishing. This information will be useful as Belize develops a new conservation initiative to create a comprehensive and resilient marine protected area system. Our study illustrates the application of distance sampling methods to small‐boat surveys to obtain abundance estimates of coastal cetaceans in a region lacking resources.