bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the Bouillante Bay (West Basse-Terre Island shelf): contribution of geophysical surveys to the understanding of the structural context of Guadeloupe (French West Indies - Lesser Antilles)
Authors: Thinon Isabelle , Guennoc Pol , Bitri Adnand , Truffert Catherine 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
The need to understand the structural context of the Bouillante geothermal field (West Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe, French West Indies) has led to onshore and offshore studies in the “high-energy geothermal fields” project, carried out by ADEME and BRGM. To ascertain the structural context of the island and the offshore continuation of the structures identified onshore, bathymetric, high-resolution reflection seismic and magnetic surveys were conducted on the shelf. The analyses of these detailed data show that the width of the present-day northwestern Basse-Terre shelf has been built by the accumulation of the Pleistocene detrital sediments over a volcanic substratum representing the prolongation on the shelf of an onshore volcanic edifice that bounds the Bouillante Bay on the south. The sedimentary cover has recorded two important regressive phases. Deciphering the structural frame has confirmed that the Bouillante sector is a key geodynamic area where the major tectonic and volcanic structures of the inner arc of the Lesser Antilles join. In this area, the N160° Basse-Terre volcanic axis, the N140° Montserrat-Bouillante volcanic and fault system, the EW Bouillante-Capesterre fault system, linked to the E-W-trending Marie-Galante graben, join up and their relationships have been specified. The N140°E Montserrat-Bouillante fault system ends on a N160° escarpment and basement high which would represent the relay of a major NNW-SSE- strike-slip fault system along the inner arc of the Lesser Antilles, linking the Montserrat-Bouillante fault to that of Les Saintes.
Voxel-specific brain arterial input functions from dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI and blind deconvolution in a group of healthy males
Authors: Nordli Håkon , Taxt Torfinn , Moen Gunnar , Grüner Renate 
Published: March 2010

Background: Arterial input functions may differ between brain regions due to delay and dispersion effects in the vascular supply network. Unless corrected for, these differences may degrade quantitative estimations of cerebral blood flow in dynamic susceptibility contrast magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (DSC-MRI). Purpose: To investigate in a healthy population ( n=44) the properties of voxel-specific arterial input functions that were obtained using a recently published blind estimation approach. Material and Methods: The voxel-specific arterial input functions were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed, through visual inspection or by comparing time-to-peak (delays) and peak amplitude (dispersion) values between eight regions of the brain. Furthermore, they were compared to arterial input functions selected manually in the middle cerebral artery (MCA), where normally no delay or dispersion of the contrast agent was expected. Results: The estimated voxel-specific arterial input functions varied between brain regions. Differences in delays and dispersion were larger within one brain region among all participants than between regions in one participant. A good correlation was typically found between the estimated voxel-specific arterial input functions and the manually selected arterial input functions in the MCA region. Conclusion: Given knowledge of neurovascular anatomy, the current blind approach seemingly produced reasonable estimates of voxel-specific arterial input functions. In addition to potentially reducing quantification errors in DSC-MRI, these user-independent voxel-specific arterial input functions could be useful for visualizing abnormal blood supply patterns in patients.
Effect of sodium thiosulfate on cisplatin removal after intra-arterial embolization with a lipiodol-platinum suspension for hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Tamura Yoshitaka , Ikeda Osamu , Nakasone Yutaka , Iryo Yasuhiko , Yamashita Yasuyuki 
Published: March 2010

Background: Cisplatin is one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents against a variety of human cancers. Its usefulness is limited by its toxicity to normal tissues, including cells of kidney proximal tubules. Purpose: To evaluate the effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS) on cisplatin clearance after transcatheter embolization (TAE) with a lipiodol-platinum suspension (LPS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Material and Methods: The study was performed prospectively in a randomized manner. HCC patients underwent intra-arterial LPS embolization with ( n=17) and without ( n=15) an intravenous STS infusion. Renal toxicity was estimated and free and total platinum concentrations were assessed for 7 days after treatment. Results: After treatment without STS, there was a mild elevation of serum creatinine and a decrease in creatinine clearance. With STS, there was no significant difference before and after treatment in mean serum creatinine and creatinine clearance; free platinum disappeared completely within 120 min. In patients treated without STS, free platinum decreased rapidly within 120 min; this was followed by a gradual decrease during the next 7 days. Conclusion: STS seems effective against the renal toxicity of cisplatin. However, in the presence of STS, the anticancer effect of cisplatin may be decreased due to the accelerated disappearance of platinum.
Inscriptions from Alchester: Vespasian's Base of the Second Augustan Legion(?)
Authors: Sauer Eberhard W. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTExcavation at Alchester in 2003 revealed an almost complete tombstone of a veteran of the Second Augustan Legion. This provides the first known biography of any person living in pre-medieval Oxfordshire. He is arguably also the earliest legionary veteran attested in Britain. All other tombstones of legionary veterans in Britain come from the main base of their legion or a veterans' colony. Since there is nothing to suggest that Alchester ever became a colony, it must have been the main base of the legio II Augusta and thus Vespasian's base (a case supported by other indications, notably the fortress's foundation date of a.d. 43/44), unless it is the only known exception to the rule.
Roman Fort Environs in North-West Wales
Authors: Hopewell David 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of a series of geophysical surveys of Roman forts and their environs carried out by the Gwynedd Archaeological Trust. An almost complete plan of the early wooden fort at Llanfor has been produced. Its densely-packed interior demonstrates heavy garrisoning, probably during very early Flavian campaigning. The small square auxiliary fort of Caer Llugwy has been shown to be a contraction of a larger rectangular fort. Surveys at Pennal, Caer Gai, and Canovium revealed a wide range of extramural development including vici in the form of ribbon development.
The Deposition of Iron Objects in Britain During the Later Prehistoric and Roman Periods: Contextual Analysis and the Significance of Iron
Authors: Hingley Richard 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTCentral to this paper is the meaning of the actions that lead to iron objects being found in archaeological contexts of later prehistoric and Roman date. It is argued that the placing of iron objects within the physical landscape reflects upon the changing nature of society at this time. In Iron Age studies, many deposits in rivers, bogs and in the pits, ditches and post-holes of settlements are now interpreted as ‘special’ material buried for significant reasons, through acts that are often called ‘structured deposition’. This approach has had a deep influence on the excavation and post-excavation of Iron Age settlements and is now coming to influence the study of the deposition of artefacts on Roman sites. This paper develops the idea that much of the later prehistoric and Roman ironwork found on settlements and elsewhere was deliberately deposited for what might loosely be called ‘ritual’ or ‘religious’ motives; for much of this period the proportion of the artefacts lost accidentally was possibly quite small. Artefacts in other materials also require comparable study, but, while work that integrates the examination of items made from different materials on individual sites is important, this paper focuses upon iron due to its potential significance as a highly symbolic medium.
Verulamium: Excavations within the Roman Town 1986–88
Authors: Niblett Rosalind , Manning William , Saunders Christopher 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTExcavations in Insulae II, III and XIII in the southern half of Verulamium demonstrated the absence of occupation prior to the late first century and the relatively late development of the street grid in this area. This forced a re-evaluation of the date of the 1955 ditch, suggesting it was not dug until the Flavian period. The excavations also demonstrated that Watling Street had never bisected Insula XIII on the south-eastern side of the Forum-Basilica, thus negating a major argument for the presence of a Claudian fort under the centre of the later town. A restricted excavation in the northern corner of Insula XIII revealed evidence for the location of the town’s baths, while excavation in Insula XIII revealed a long sequence of industrial and domestic occupation stretching from the late first to early fifth centuries. Evidence for continued occupation into the fifth century or beyond was recovered from Insula II, and to a lesser extent, in Insula XIII.
Wells and Bucket-Chains: Unforeseen Elements of Water Supply in Early Roman London
Authors: Blair Ian , Spain Robert , Swift Dan , Taylor Tony , Goodburn Damian 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTExcavations by MoLAS at 30 Gresham Street and 12 Arthur Street in the City of London in 2001 have led to a complete reassessment of the provision of Roman London’s water supply. Four massive first- and second-century wells contained remains of two types of mechanical water-lifting machines or bucket-chain systems. The discoveries allowed identification of a similar bucket-chain from the Cheapside Roman baths, found 50 years earlier by Ivor Noël Hume of the Guildhall Museum. Archaeological and engineering analysis has revealed the water-lifting capacity of the machines, which could have supplied a significant proportion of the town’s population with clean water.
A Publication Policy for Chedworth
Authors: Salway Peter 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTA project-planning grant to the National Trust from the Heritage Lottery Fund provided the context for a review of what had and had not been published since the villa's discovery in 1864. An Archaeological Data Service website will make public as soon as possible the material currently available to the Trust – without prejudicing subsequent publication in other forms – and will be kept up to date. Arrangements are also being made to complete the post-excavation work on the investigations carried out between 1994 and 2006 and to publish them. Significant changes in knowledge arising from this latest phase are summarized.
Nero and Britain: the Palace of the Client King atCallevaand Imperial Policy towards the Province after Boudicca
Authors: Fulford Michael 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe evidence for a major, post-Boudiccan Neronian building campaign in Calleva is set out and discussed and its wider context considered. It is suggested that there was deliberate investment in the civil development of the client kingdom south of the Thames in contrast to the re-establishment of direct military control to the north and in East Anglia where revival of the towns was slow to take off.
Roman Diet and Trade: Evidence from Organic Residues on Pottery Sherds Recovered at the Roman Town ofCalleva Atrebatum(Silchester, Hants.)
Authors: Marshall L.-J. , Cook S.R. , Almond M.J. , Fulford M.G. 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe analysis of organic residues from pottery sherds using Gas-Chromatography with mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS) has revealed information about the variety of foods eaten and domestic routine at Silchester between the second and fourth–sixth centuries A.D. Two results are discussed in detail: those of a second-century Gauloise-type amphora and a fourth-century SE Dorset black-burnished ware (BB1) cooking pot, which reveal the use of pine pitch on the inner surface of the amphora and the use of animal fats (ruminant adipose fats) and leafy vegetables in cooking at the Roman town of Silchester, Hants.
A Newly Identified Roman Temporary Camp at Cow Close, near Bowes, Co. Durham
Authors: Gates Tim , Ainsworth Stewart 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThis note is concerned with the recognition of a previously unrecorded Roman temporary camp at Cow Close, near Bowes, in County Durham. Its possible significance as one of a chain of early Flavian camps linking York and Carlisle is also examined.
The Field Archaeology of the Romano-British Settlement at Charterhouse-on-Mendip
Authors: Fradley Michael 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe Romano-British lead-mining complex at Charterhouse-on-Mendip has long been recognised as amongst the most important industrial sites within the British province. This paper brings together the results of the recent English Heritage earthwork survey of the site which has enabled for the frst time the full characterisation of the settlement and its relationship with the core mining zones of the Blackmoor and Velvet Bottom valleys. It has also allowed a reassessment of life within an industrial settlement such as Charterhouse which challenges many preconceived perceptions of these settlement forms.
The Drapers' Gardens Hoard: A Preliminary Account
Authors: Gerrard James 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTRecent excavations by Pre-Construct Archaeology in the City of London uncovered a large hoard of twenty bronze, pewter and iron vessels and other objects in the fill of a Late Roman well. The hoard is the largest group of such objects to be excavated under modern conditions and is exceptionally well dated. This paper provides an illustrated catalogue of the vessels, discusses their date, and suggests reasons for their deposition.
A Gilt-Bronze Arm from London
Authors: Bayley Justine , Croxford Ben , Henig Martin , Watson Bruce 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTThe left hand and forearm from a slightly over life-size bronze or copper-alloy arm was excavated during 2001 at 20–30 Gresham Street, within the City of London. It was discarded in a quarry pit, which fooded with groundwater turning it into a pond and was subsequently backflled C.A.D. 60–70. The arm was presumably part of a public statue, perhaps of an emperor or god, which had been deliberately broken up. The Boudican revolt of A.D. 60/1 is one possible context for the destruction of Roman statuary in London, but the end of Nero's reign, some ten years later, is another period when any statues of this very unpopular emperor could have been broken up. The article includes a catalogue of previous fnds of bronze statuary from London (where more fragments of arms and hands have been recovered than anywhere else in Britain), the results of metallurgical examination of the arm, and a discussion of iconoclasm in Roman Britain.
Exercise in Ankylosing Spondylitis: Discrepancies Between Recommendations and Reality
Authors: PASSALENT LAURA A. , SOEVER LESLIE J. , O’SHEA FINBAR D. , INMAN ROBERT D. 
Published: March 2010

Objective.To determine the type and extent of exercise used by an ankylosing spondylitis (AS) cohort and to examine patients’ perceptions of exercise. Recommendations for the management of AS identify exercise as the cornerstone of comprehensive management.Methods.An exercise inventory questionnaire and the Exercise Benefits and Barriers Scale (EBBS) were administered to patients attending the AS clinic of a large teaching hospital. Benefits and barriers subscales of the EBBS were analyzed to identify the perceived benefits of, and barriers to, exercise. Higher benefits scores (range 29–116) indicate a more positive perception of exercise. Higher barriers scores (range 14–56) indicate a greater perception of barriers to exercise.Results.Sixty-one patients with AS completed the questionnaires. Mean age was 38.0 years, and mean disease duration was 14.7 years. Walking (3 times/week) and stretching (3 times/week) were the most commonly reported types of exercise and were reported in 35.0% and 32.8%, respectively. The mean benefits EBBS score was 87.1 ± 12.5. The most frequently reported benefits of exercise were that it “increases my level of physical fitness” (96.4%) and “improves functioning of my cardiovascular system” (96.4%). The mean barriers EBBS score was 29.2 ± 5.3, and the most frequently reported barrier to exercise was that it “tires me” (71.4%).Conclusion.Patients with AS perceive the benefits of exercise, with average EBBS benefits scores comparable to historical controls with similar conditions. Despite positive perceptions, the majority of patients with AS did not report participating in exercise on a frequent basis.
Correlation Between Serum Anti-C1q Antibody Levels and Renal Pathological Characteristics and Prognostic Significance of Anti-C1q Antibody in Lupus Nephritis
Authors: CAI XIAOYAN , YANG XIUYAN , LIAN FAN , LIN XIAOJUN , LIANG MING , LI JIANWEN , CHEN XIAOHUI , LIANG LIUQING , QIN SHUGUANG , FU JUNZHOU 
Published: March 2010

Objective.To investigate the relationship between serum anti-C1q antibody levels and renal pathological characteristics in lupus nephritis as well as the prognostic significance of serum anti-C1q antibody.Methods.Seventy-three patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis were enrolled. Anti-C1q antibody was measured in serum samples taken within 7 days before renal biopsy and remeasured at the end of the first and the third month after treatment. All patients were followed at least once a month for 3 months. A cross-sectional study analyzed the relationship between serum anti-C1q antibody levels and renal histopathology and nephritic activity, while a longitudinal study evaluated the prognostic significance of anti-C1q antibody levels in lupus nephritis.Results.Fifty-eight of 73 patients (79.5%) were reported as having positive baseline serum anti-C1q antibody, with a mean level of 95.3 (± 55.2) U/ml. Significant differences were found in serum anti-C1q antibody levels between each World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lupus nephritis. The serum anti-C1q antibody level of WHO class IV was the highest. Serum anti-C1q antibody was positively correlated with the active and chronic indices in renal pathology. Patients with persistent high levels or increased titers of serum anti-C1q antibody tended to develop delayed remission in nephropathy. Serum anti-C1q antibody levels before and after treatment were relevant to renal remission, but serum anti-C1q antibody at the end of the third month after treatment was a stronger predictor for the prognosis after adjustment in the Cox’s proportional hazards regression model.Conclusion.Serum anti-C1q antibody is a valuable noninvasive biological marker for evaluation of renal involvement and lupus prognosis.
Environmental indigenous wisdom and the design of educational resources
Authors: Cebrián-de-la-Serna Manuel , Noguera-Valdemar Juan 
Published: March 2010

The current essay presents the results of research into sustainable development and environmental education that was developed in the sub-region of Amazonia-Orinoquia (Amazonas State, Venezuela) from 2005 to 2008. This study was undertaken within a qualitative methodology framework where field trips and the collaboration of indigenous communities in particular were crucial. Unlike other projects currently taking place in the area, our investigation established a different connection with indigenous communities. The study considered indigenous peoples both as subjects and objects of the analysis, for which a written agreement was negotiated and signed at the beginning of the project about what to study and how to proceed with our research. Several data collection techniques were used: interviews with key informants, discussion groups and surveys. Two of the goals were: to analyse the knowledge that indigenous peoples have about the environment and sustainability, particularly regarding the cultural role of ethnicity; to design and elaborate educational materials that address issues about environmental education related to the cultural role that ethnic groups play in species preservation. These objectives were reached thanks to the response of 12 different indigenous peoples of different ethnic and linguistic backgrounds after visiting 17 communities.
El presente artículo expone los resultados de un proyecto de investigación sobre el desarrollo sostenido y educación ambiental desarrollado en la subregión Amazonia-Orinoquia (Estado de Amazonas, Venezuela) desde 2005 a 2008. La investigación se enmarca dentro de una metodología cualitativa, donde la colaboración de los pueblos indígenas y la visita en el terreno fueron cruciales. A diferencia de otros proyectos desarrollados en la zona, el trabajo estableció una relación diferente con las comunidades indígenas. En este proyecto se consideraba a los pueblos indígenas como objetos y sujetos de la investigación, recogiendo en una carta firmada los compromisos del proceso negociador realizado al inicio del proyecto sobre qué y cómo realizar la investigación. Se utilizaron diversas técnicas de recogida de datos: entrevistas a informantes clave, grupos de discusión y encuestas. Se describen solamente dos de los diversos objetivos y resultados del proyecto, a saber: 1) Analizar los conceptos que poseen los pueblos indígenas sobre el medio ambiente y la sostenibilidad, especialmente en su relación con el papel cultural de las etnias; 2) Diseñar y elaborar materiales didácticos en los que se trabajen los conceptos de educación ambiental relacionados con el papel cultural de las etnias en la conservación de las especies. Estos objetivos fueron alcanzados gracias a la respuesta de doce pueblos indígenas de lenguas y etnias diferentes tras la visita a diecisiete comunidades distintas.
Exploration of amino‐functionalized ionic liquids as ligand and base for Heck reaction
Authors: Liu Jie , Liu Hongqiang , Wang Lei 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA kind of amino‐functionalized ionic liquid has been prepared and investigated as ligand and base for the Heck reactions between aryl iodides and bromides with olefins in the presence of a catalytic amount of Pd submicron powder in [Bmim]PF6. The reactions generated the corresponding products in excellent yields under mild reaction conditions. The generality of this catalytic system to the different substrates also gave satisfactory results. The key feature of the reaction is that Pd species and ionic liquids were easily recovered and reused six times with constant activity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dibutyltin oxide catalyzed aminolysis of oxalate to carbamate, oxamate and derivatives of imidazolidine trione
Authors: Kunde Lalita B. , Kalyani Vishwanath S. , Gupte Sunil P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractCatalytic aminolysis of oxalates by simple and substituted ureas has been shown to give carbamates, oxamates and derivatives of imidazolidine trione. Various substituted ureas and oxalates were screened to verify the applicability of the protocol. The role of dibutyltin oxide as catalyst, effect of solvent and reaction conditions on product distribution pattern has been discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.