bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of high‐energy extracorporeal shock waves on hyaline cartilage of adult rats in vivo
Authors: Mayer‐Wagner Susanne , Ernst Judith , Maier Markus , Chiquet Matthias , Joos Helga , Müller Peter E. , Jansson Volkmar , Sievers Birte , Hausdorf Jörg 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine if extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in vivo affects the structural integrity of articular cartilage. A single bout of ESWT (1500 shock waves of 0.5 mJ/mm2) was applied to femoral heads of 18 adult Sprague–Dawley rats. Two sham‐treated animals served as controls. Cartilage of each femoral head was harvested at 1, 4, or 10 weeks after ESWT (n = 6 per treatment group) and scored on safranin‐O‐stained sections. Expression of tenascin‐C and chitinase 3‐like protein 1 (Chi3L1) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to examine collagen (II)α1 (COL2A1) expression and chondrocyte morphology was investigated by transmission electron microscopy no changes in Mankin scores were observed after ESWT. Positive immunostaining for tenascin‐C and Chi3L1 was found up to 10 weeks after ESWT in experimental but not in control cartilage. COL2A1 mRNA was increased in samples 1 and 4 weeks after ESWT. Alterations found on the ultrastructural level showed expansion of the rough‐surfaced endoplasmatic reticulum, detachment of the cell membrane and necrotic chondrocytes. Extracorporeal shock waves caused alterations of hyaline cartilage on a molecular and ultrastructural level that were distinctly different from control. Similar changes were described before in the very early phase of osteoarthritis (OA). High‐energy ESWT might therefore cause degenerative changes in hyaline cartilage as they are found in initial OA. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1050–1056, 2010
Endothelial progenitor cells promote fracture healing in a segmental bone defect model
Authors: Atesok Kivanc , Li Ru , Stewart Duncan J. , Schemitsch Emil H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of local endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) therapy on bone regeneration in a rat model. A segmental bone defect (5 mm) was created in the femur and fixed with a mini‐plate. There were two groups: EPC‐treated (N = 28) and control (N = 28). Seven animals were sacrificed from each group at 1, 2, 3, and 10 weeks postoperatively. Healing of the defect was evaluated with radiographic, histological, and quantitative micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT) scans. Radiographically, mean scores of the EPC and control groups were, respectively, 1.16–0.61 (p < 0.05) at 1 week, 2.53–1.54 (p < 0.05) at 2 weeks, and 4.58–2.35 at 3 weeks (p < 0.05). At 10 weeks, all the animals in the EPC‐treated group had complete union (7/7), but in the control group none achieved union (0/7). Histological evaluation revealed that specimens from EPC‐treated animals had abundant new bone and vessel formation compared to that in controls. Micro‐CT assessment of the samples from the animals sacrificed at 10 weeks (N = 14) showed significantly improved parameters of bone volume (36.58–10.57, p = 0.000), bone volume density (0.26–0.17, p = 0.000), model index −2.22–2.79, p = 0.000), trabecular number (1.28–0.91, p = 0.063), trabecular thickness (0.21–0.15, p = 0.001), trabecular spacing (0.63–1.07, p = 0.022), bone surface (353.75–152.08, p = 0.000), and bone surface to bone volume ratio (9.54–14.24, p = 0.004) for the EPC group compared to control, respectively. In conclusion, local EPC therapy significantly enhanced bone regeneration in a segmental defect model in rat femur diaphysis. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 28:1007–1014, 2010
Simultaneous qualitative and quantitative analysis of 28 components in Isodon rubescens by HPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS
Authors: Du Yingfeng , Liu Pengwei , Yuan Zhifang , Jin Yiran , Zhang Xiaowei , Sheng Xiaona , Shi Xiaowei , Wang Qiao , Zhang Lantong 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA novel method, HPLC‐MS/MS was developed to qualitatively identify and quantitatively determine the 28 components including 19 diterpenoids, 6 phenolic acids and 3 flavonoids in Isodon rubescens, an important traditional Chinese medicine. The separation was performed on a C18 column with linear gradient elution with 0.1% aqueous formic acid/methanol containing 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The identification and quantification of those analytes were achieved on a hybrid quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Multiple‐reaction monitoring scanning was employed for quantification with switching electrospray ion source polarity between positive and negative modes in a single run. Full validation of the method was carried out (linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD and LOQ). The results indicated that the method was simple, rapid, specific and reliable. The proposed method was successfully applied for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of 28 chemical compositions in 21 batchs of natural and cultured I. rubescens samples from different sources which had great variation on the contents. The results demonstrated that the method was useful for standardization and differentiation of large numbers of similar samples.
Predeployment gender differences in stressors and mental health among U.S. National Guard troops poised for Operation Iraqi Freedom deployment
Authors: Carter‐Visscher Robin , Polusny Melissa A. , Murdoch Maureen , Thuras Paul , Erbes Christopher R. , Kehle Shannon M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIncreased exposure of women soldiers to combat in current conflicts heightens interest in the question of whether risk and resilience factors differ for female and male military personnel prior to deployment. The authors examined this question in a panel of 522 National Guard soldiers (462 men and 60 women) poised for deployment to Iraq. Soldiers completed a battery of self‐report measures, including the PTSD Checklist, Beck Depression Inventory‐II, and scales from the Deployment Risk and Resilience Inventory. Modest differences were observed between women and men on predeployment risk factors and some risk‐related correlations with PTSD and depression measures; however, gender did not moderate the associations between hypothesized risk/resilience factors and baseline mental health. Implications for interventions and future research are discussed.
A pilot study of prolonged exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder delivered via telehealth technology
Authors: Tuerk Peter W. , Yoder Matthew , Ruggiero Kenneth J. , Gros Daniel F. , Acierno Ron 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe authors present a pilot study of 12 veterans diagnosed with combat‐related PTSD and treated with prolonged exposure therapy (PE) via telehealth technology. A reference sample of 35 combat veterans treated with in‐person PE in the same clinic is also included for a comparison. Feasibility and clinical outcomes of interest include technical performance and practicality of the telehealth equipment, patient safety, treatment completion rates, number of sessions required for termination, and clinical outcomes. Results indicated large statistically significant decreases in self‐reported pathology for veterans treated with PE via telehealth technology. Preliminary results support the feasibility and safety of the modality. Suggestions for the implementation of PE via telehealth technology are discussed.
Vesicular monoamine transporters: Structure‐function, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry
Authors: Wimalasena Kandatege 
Published: February 2010

AbstractVesicular monoamine transporters (VMAT) are responsible for the uptake of cytosolic monoamines into synaptic vesicles in monoaminergic neurons. Two closely related VMATs with distinct pharmacological properties and tissue distributions have been characterized. VMAT1 is preferentially expressed in neuroendocrine cells and VMAT2 is primarily expressed in the CNS. The neurotoxicity and addictive properties of various psychostimulants have been attributed, at least partly, to their interference with VMAT2 functions. The quantitative assessment of the VMAT2 density by PET scanning has been clinically useful for early diagnosis and monitoring of the progression of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases and drug addiction. The classical VMAT2 inhibitor, tetrabenazine, has long been used for the treatment of chorea associated with Huntington's disease in the United Kingdom, Canada, and Australia, and recently approved in the United States. The VMAT2 imaging may also be useful for exploiting the onset of diabetes mellitus, as VMAT2 is also expressed in the β‐cells of the pancreas. VMAT1 gene SLC18A1 is a locus with strong evidence of linkage with schizophrenia and, thus, the polymorphic forms of the VMAT1 gene may confer susceptibility to schizophrenia. This review summarizes the current understanding of the structure–function relationships of VMAT2, and the role of VMAT2 on addiction and psychostimulant‐induced neurotoxicity, and the therapeutic and diagnostic applications of specific VMAT2 ligands. The evidence for the linkage of VMAT1 gene with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder I is also discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev 31: 483‐519, 2011
Evaluation of the use of audio‐enhanced personal digital assistants to survey Latino migrant farmworkers
Authors: Kilanowski Jill F. , Trapl Erika S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe describe the feasibility of audio‐enhanced personal digital assistants (ADPAs) for data collection with 60 Latino migrant farmworkers. All participants chose to complete APDA surveys rather than using paper‐and‐pencil. No one left the study prematurely: two (3%) data cases were lost due to technical difficulties. Across all data .27% missing data were observed: nine missing responses on eight items. Participants took 19 minutes on average to complete the 58‐question survey. The factor most influential for completion was education level. APDA methodology enabled both English‐ and Spanish‐speaking Latino migrant farmworkers to become active research participants with minimal loss of data. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 33:156–163, 2010
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor in neonatal alloimmune neutropenia: A possible association with induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Wiedl Christina , Walter Andrew W. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractNeonatal alloimmune neutropenia (NAIN) is a rare cause of congenital neutropenia seen in <1% of births. Significant morbidity, usually infections, may result from this disease. The pathophysiology of NAIN, mediated by maternal antibodies crossing the placenta to destroy fetal cells expressing paternal antigens, is similar to that of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia, as well as Rh/ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn. The use of high‐dose granulocyte colony stimulating factor in patients with NAIN may cause a reversible thrombocytopenia in some patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:1014–1016 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Oral quinine‐induced hypoglycaemic seizures
Authors: Elliott J , Mackie A , Dibden C , Blumsohn A , Creagh F 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus was admitted for investigation of hypoglycaemic seizures. His past medical history included a combined pancreas and kidney transplant, but by the time of admission both organs had failed. As his renal function deteriorated leg cramps were problematic, and so oral quinine had been prescribed. Despite reducing his insulin doses, his glycaemic control became more erratic. His plasma quinine concentration was typical of that expected in high dose intravenous treatment of malaria. On ceasing oral quinine therapy his hypoglycaemic seizures stopped.This case highlights that in cases of unexplained hypoglycaemic attacks, in patients with some residual endogenous insulin secretion, oral quinine must be excluded as a possible cause. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons.
Thermal degradation behaviors of epoxy resin/POSS hybrids and phosphorus–silicon synergism of flame retardancy
Authors: Wang Xin , Hu Yuan , Song Lei , Xing Weiyi , Lu Hongdian 
Published: February 2010

AbstractEpoxy resin (EP)/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) hybrids were prepared based on octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OVPOSS) and phosphorus‐containing epoxy resin (PCEP). The PCEP was synthesized via the reaction between bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA) and 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO). The structure and morphology of PCEP/OVPOSS hybrids were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the PCEP/OVPOSS hybrids possessed higher glass transition temperatures than that of PCEP. The thermal stability of the PCEP/OVPOSS hybrids was studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The TGA results illustrated the synergistic effect of phosphorus–silicon of flame retardancy: phosphorus promotes the char formation, and silicon protects the char from thermal degradation. The thermal degradation mechanism of the PCEP/OVPOSS hybrids was investigated by real time Fourier transform infrared spectra and pyrolysis/gas chromatogram/mass spectrometry (Py‐GC/MS) analysis. It was found that OVPOSS migrated to the surface of the matrix and then sublimed from the surface in nitrogen; whereas, the vinyl groups of OVPOSS were oxidated to form a radical trap which could react with pyrolysis radicals derived from PCEP to form the branched and crosslinked structure in air. The combustion behaviors of the hybrids were evaluated by micro combustion calorimetry. The addition of OVPOSS obviously decreased the value of peak heat release rate and total heat release of the hybrids. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to explore the char residues of the PCEP and the hybrids. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 693–705, 2010
On the Growth of Fluorocarbon Thin Films Deposited on Plasma‐Etched 316L Stainless Steel
Authors: Lewis François , Turgeon Stéphane , Chevallier Pascale , Pireaux Jean‐Jacques , Tatoulian Michael , Mantovani Diego 
Published: February 2010

AbstractPlasma fluorocarbon films deposited on 316L stainless steel have shown promising adhesion properties as potential stent coatings. However, further analyses revealed the occurrence of nano‐defects, which led to water infiltration and delamination. Plasma etchings with two different gases, C2F6 and H2, were applied prior to the coating deposition in order to etch the oxide layer of the stainless steel and to create activated sites on the surface to promote the polymerization. Surfaces and thin layers were analyzed by atomic force microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time of flight‐secondary ion mass spectrometry, fourier‐transform infra‐red spectroscopy, and near edge X‐ray absorption fine structure to study the film growth mechanism. Hydrogen etchings demonstrated to play a crucial role in the first step of the fluorocarbon growth through the formation of hydroxides at the stainless steel surface, which served as initiator during plasma polymerization.magnified image
Crystallography and Structure–Property Relationships of 2,2″,4,4′,4″,6,6′,6″‐Octanitro‐1,1′ : 3′,1″‐Terphenyl (ONT)
Authors: Zeman Svatopluk , Roháč Michal , Friedl Zdeněk , Růžička Aleš , Lyčka Antonín 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAn X‐ray crystallographic study of 2,2″,4,4′,4″,6,6′,6″‐octanitro‐1,1′ : 3′,1″‐terphenyl (ONT) has been carried out. The dihedral angles between benzene rings vary from 84.9° to 89.4°. Nonbinding interatomic distances of oxygen atoms inside all the nitro groups are shorter than the intermolecular contact radii for oxygen. On the basis of the DFT B3LYP/6‐31(d, p) method it was found that the difference between the X‐ray structure in the solid phase and DFT result for the gas phase is 98 kJ mol−1, and the bearer of the highest initiation reactivity of the ONT molecule in the solid phase should be the nitro group at 4″‐position, in contrast to those at 4′‐ or 6′‐position that play this role in the isolated molecule. It has been stated that the nitro groups at the reaction centers of the ONT molecule are relatively well specified by their 15N NMR chemical shifts.
Thermopower and Hall‐effect investigations of microcrystalline silicon films
Authors: Sellmer C. , Bronger T. , Beyer W. , Carius R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of phosphorous doped microcrystalline silicon (μ c‐Si:H) and amorphous silicon (a‐Si:H) samples with different degrees of crystallinity was prepared using plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD). Thermoelectric power, Hall‐effect and electrical conductivity measurements were made in the temperature range 80–430 K. The crystallinity of the samples was determined by Raman measurements. The results show that the charge carrier concentration as determined by Hall‐effect and conductivity is highest and the absolute values of the thermopower are lowest at a medium magnitude (38–74%) of crystallinity.Moreover, the effective density of states at the conduction band was calculated for different temperatures by combining Hall, conductivity and thermopower measurements. At room temperature we get results close to the value for crystalline silicon by using only the crystalline amount of the microcrystalline sample and a heat of transport term of AC = 3.1. For the amorphous material, the data suggest that the Hall mobility (measured with an anomalous sign) underestimates the charge carrier mobility (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
2D simulations of interdigitated back contact heterojunction solar cells based on n‐type crystalline silicon
Authors: Diouf D. , Kleider J.P. , Desrues T. , Ribeyron P.J. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe combination of amorphous silicon/crystalline silicon heterojunction (a‐Si:H/c‐Si) concept with interdigitated back contact leads to a very promising structure for high efficiency solar cell. In this work, we study the interdigitated back contact silicon heterojunction (IBC‐SiHJ) structure by two‐dimensional numerical simulations and we focus on IBC‐SiHJ solar cells based on n‐type c‐Si. Assuming low surface recombination velocity (10 cm/s), we study the effect of the following parameters: bulk lifetime and doping concentration of c‐Si, density of defects at the a‐Si:H/c‐Si interface. The influence of these parameters has been tested by generating the current‐voltage (I‐V) curves. Results indicate that with a high crystalline substrate quality and low recombining a‐Si:H/c‐Si interfaces efficiencies approaching 25% can be reached. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical properties of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon at high electric field
Authors: Pirc Matija , Furlan Jože , Levstek Andrej , Topič Marko 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this paper optical properties of intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon (i ‐a‐Si:H) at high electric field are studied. A theoretical model for an absorption coefficient that predicts its increase at higher electric field has been developed based on additional electron transitions from lower occupied states to higher unoccupied states utilizing emission over or tunnelling through the potential barrier. Measurements of transmission were performed on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO)/i ‐a‐Si:H/TCO/glass test structure and confirmed the effect of increased absorption at increasing field. The trends between theory and experiment are in agreement, although the theoretical model overestimates the sensitivity of absorptance to electric field strength. The influence of secondary effects such as voltage drop across the TCOs, self‐heating and temperature dependence are discussed (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The effect of aging on the dark conductivity and 1/f noise in hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon thin films
Authors: Güneş M. , Johanson R. E. , O.Kasap S. , Finger F. , Lambertz A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAging hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon in air is found to affect both the dark conductivity and the 1/f noise. For a sample with a crystalline volume fraction of 0.39, the conductivity decreased by three orders of magnitude at 20 °C after short‐term (10–20 hrs) exposure to air. The conductivity recovered after annealing to 160 °C. Long‐term exposure (2 years) resulted in a permanent decrease by a factor of 16 at 20 °C even after annealing. Long‐term aging also increased the conductivity activation energy from 0.193 eV to 0.342 eV. After short‐term aging and below the annealing temperature, the conductivity prefactor σ0 and the activation energy Eσ follow a Meyer‐Neldel type of relation. Conductance fluctuations measured for annealed and aged states show all the expected characteristics of 1/f noise. The spectra fit a power law with slope ‐1; the slope is not affected by temperature or aging. The magnitude of the noise decreases with temperature after aging, but by much less after annealing. A simple analysis of the product of conductivity and noise magnitude can be used to estimate the free carrier mobility (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Screening of herbal extracts against multi‐drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors: Miyasaki Yoko , Nichols W. Stephen , Morgan Margie A. , Kwan Jamie A. , Van Benschoten M. M. , Kittell Patricia Emmett , Hardy W. David 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAntibiotic resistance is increasing resulting in a decreasing number of fully active antimicrobial agents available to treat infections with multi‐drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Herbal medicines may offer alternative treatment options. A direct inoculation method simulating the standard disc diffusion assay was developed to determine in vitro antimicrobial activity of sixty herbal extracts against MDR‐Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii). Eighteen herbal extracts inhibited MDR‐A. baumannii on agar plates, although the magnitude and quality of bacterial inhibition differed considerably among the antibacterial herbal extracts. Next, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these antibacterial herbal extracts was calculated using a broth microdilution assay. For most herbal extracts, the larger the zone of inhibition on agar plates, the lower the MIC. In general, hetero‐resistance on agar plates correlated with higher MIC. The skip well phenomenon was seen with two herbal extracts. In conclusion, 30% of the screened herbal extracts demonstrated in vitro antibacterial activity against MDR‐A. baumannii using similar rigorous testing methods as those commonly employed for assessing antimicrobial activity of synthetic antibacterial agents. Characterization of a specific compound conferring this antibacterial activity of the herbal extracts may help to identify novel antimicrobial agents active against highly resistant bacteria. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Random graphs with forbidden vertex degrees
Authors: Grimmett Geoffrey , Janson Svante 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe study the random graph Gn,λ/n conditioned on the event that all vertex degrees lie in some given subset $ {\cal S} $ of the nonnegative integers. Subject to a certain hypothesis on $ {\cal S} $, the empirical distribution of the vertex degrees is asymptotically Poisson with some parameter $ \hat{\mu} $ given as the root of a certain “characteristic equation” of $ {\cal S} $ that maximizes a certain function $ {\psi_{\cal S}(\mu)} $. Subject to a hypothesis on $ {\cal S} $, we obtain a partial description of the structure of such a random graph, including a condition for the existence (or not) of a giant component. The requisite hypothesis is in many cases benign, and applications are presented to a number of choices for the set $ {\cal S} $ including the sets of (respectively) even and odd numbers. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2010