bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An overview of the drivers of performance in nonbreeding Nearctic–Neotropical migratory songbirds
Authors: Rodríguez Vásquez Fabiola , Taylor Caz 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Developing conservation and recovery strategies for Nearctic–Neotropical migratory songbirds requires key research because population-limiting factors remain unknown for many species. In particular, the stationary nonbreeding period (sometimes referred to as overwintering) encompasses 6–8 months of the full annual cycle. We conducted a systematic review to assess what is known about the factors that influence individual-level performance (i.e., fitness proxies or indicators of self-maintenance) of Nearctic–Neotropical migratory songbirds during the stationary nonbreeding period. We focused on the metrics of apparent survival, persistence, and body condition (mass-related) indices. We found that 51 of 125 migratory Passeriformes species’ performance has been studied in 57 studies during the nonbreeding period. However, most species appear in only one study; thus, knowledge is skewed toward 3 species appearing in ≥ 10 studies. Body condition indices were the most studied group of metrics and apparent survival was the least studied. Habitat type, food availability, and precipitation were studied much more than other drivers, such as disease and predation. The most studied driver of nonbreeding performance was habitat type. Evidence was found among these studies that suggest that natural habitat types, wetter habitats or precipitation, and high availability of food may positively influence body condition, apparent survival, and persistence. Significant knowledge gaps remain that, if filled, could inform conservation strategies, especially for 59.2% of Passeriformes that are Nearctic–Neotropical migratory species and for areas of the nonbreeding range.
Scaling of inverted PTB7-Th: PC71BM organic solar cell for large area organic photovoltaic modules
Authors: Usmani Belal , Ranjan Rahul , Gupta Raju Kumar , Garg Ashish 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Performance studies of large area inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) modules of configuration ITO/ZnO/PTB7-Th: PC71BM/MoO3/Ag are performed. At a laboratory of scale 0.06 cm2, this device configuration repeatedly demonstrates the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ∼9%, which is within the range of PCE normally achieved for this configuration. The OPV modules with active area of 9.25 cm2 and 63 cm2 are fabricated employing spin coating techniques comprising a total area 25 cm2 (5 cm × 5 cm) and 144 cm2 (11 cm × 11 cm), respectively. The 25 cm2 module, composed of five cells connected in series show PCE of 3.256%, with short-circuit current (Jsc), open circuit voltage (Voc), and fill factor (FF), 3.210 mAcm−2, 3.20 V, and 31.719%. However, The 144 cm2 modules, composed of 10 cells connected in series show PCE 1.019, Jsc, Voc, and FF, 0.87 mAcm−2, 4.20 V, and 27.877%. The PCE dropped by 63.89% for modules of active area of 9.25 cm2 and 88.68% of modules of active area of 63 cm2. The PCE of the modules is decreased sharply due to loss in FF, and Jsc of the modules. These losses are exhibits due to quality of layer morphology, layer interfaces, and design of module. The PCE could be potentially improved up to the desired value by the further optimization of layer morphology, layer interfaces, design of module geometry, and film deposition/printing methods. The results showed that PTB7-Th: PC71BM is a splendid structure for future organic solar modules due to its high performance and compatibility with large area coatings.
Transcriptome and metabolome atlas reveals contributions of sphingosine and chlorogenic acid to cold tolerance in Citrus
Authors: Xiao Peng , Qu Jing , Wang Yue , Fang Tian , Xiao Wei , Wang Yilei , Zhang Yu , Khan Madiha , Chen Qiyu , Xu Xiaoyong , Li Chunlong , Liu Ji-Hong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Citrus is one of the most important fruit crop genera in the world, but many Citrus species are vulnerable to cold stress. Ichang papeda (Citrus ichangensis), a cold-hardy citrus species, holds great potential for identifying valuable metabolites that are critical for cold tolerance in Citrus. However, the metabolic changes and underlying mechanisms that regulate Ichang papeda cold tolerance remain largely unknown. In this study, we compared the metabolomes and transcriptomes of Ichang papeda and HB pummelo (Citrus grandis “Hirado Buntan”, a cold-sensitive species) to explore the critical metabolites and genes responsible for cold tolerance. Metabolomic analyses led to the identification of common and genotype-specific metabolites, consistent with transcriptomic alterations. Compared to HB pummelo under cold stress, Ichang papeda accumulated more sugars, flavonoids, and unsaturated fatty acids, which are well-characterized metabolites involved in stress responses. Interestingly, sphingosine and chlorogenic acid substantially accumulated only in Ichang papeda. Knockdown of CiSPT (C. ichangensis serine palmitoyltransferase) and CiHCT2 (C. ichangensis hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA: shikimate hydroxycinnamoyltransferase2), two genes involved in sphingosine and chlorogenic acid biosynthesis, dramatically decreased endogenous sphingosine and chlorogenic acid levels, respectively. This reduction in sphingosine and chlorogenic acid notably compromised the cold tolerance of Ichang papeda, whereas exogenous application of these metabolites increased plant cold tolerance. Taken together, our findings indicate that greater accumulation of a spectrum of metabolites, particularly sphingosine and chlorogenic acid, promotes cold tolerance in cold-tolerant citrus species. These findings broaden our understanding of plant metabolic alterations in response to cold stress and provide valuable targets that can be manipulated to improve Citrus cold tolerance.
LUX ARRHYTHMO links CBF pathway and jasmonic acid metabolism to regulate cold tolerance of tea plants
Authors: Wang Yanli , Tong Wei , Li Fangdong , Samarina Lidiia , Li Penghui , Yang Tianyuan , Zhang Zhaoliang , Yi Lianghui , Zhai Fei , Wang Xinchao , Xia Enhua 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Cold stress declines the quality and yield of tea, yet the molecular basis underlying cold tolerance of tea plants (Camellia sinensis) remains largely unknown. Here, we identified a circadian rhythm component LUX ARRHYTHMO (LUX) that potentially regulates cold tolerance of tea plants through a genome-wide association study and transcriptomic analysis. The expression of CsLUX phased with sunrise and sunset and was strongly induced by cold stress. Genetic assays indicated that CsLUX is a positive regulator of freezing tolerance in tea plants. CsLUX was directly activated by CsCBF1 and repressed the expression level of CsLOX2, which regulates the cold tolerance of tea plants through dynamically modulating jasmonic acid content. Furthermore, we showed that the CsLUX–CsJAZ1 complex attenuated the physical interaction of CsJAZ1 with CsICE1, liberating CsICE1 with transcriptional activities to withstand cold stress. Notably, a single-nucleotide variation of C-to-A in the coding region of CsLUX was functionally validated as the potential elite haplotype for cold response, which provided valuable molecular markers for future cold resistance breeding in tea plants.
Emergence of bacterial glass
Authors: Lama Hisay , Yamamoto Masahiro J , Furuta Yujiro , Shimaya Takuro , Takeuchi Kazumasa A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Densely packed, motile bacteria can adopt collective states not seen in conventional, passive materials. These states remain in many ways mysterious, and their physical characterization can aid our understanding of natural bacterial colonies and biofilms as well as materials in general. Here, we overcome challenges associated with generating uniformly growing, large, quasi-two-dimensional bacterial assemblies by a membrane-based microfluidic device and report the emergence of glassy states in two-dimensional suspension of Escherichia coli. As the number density increases by cell growth, populations of motile bacteria transition to a glassy state, where cells are packed and unable to move. This takes place in two steps, the first one suppressing only the orientational modes and the second one vitrifying the motion completely. Characterizing each phase through statistical analyses and investigations of individual motion of bacteria, we find not only characteristic features of glass such as rapid slowdown, dynamic heterogeneity, and cage effects, but also a few properties distinguished from those of thermal glass. These distinctive properties include the spontaneous formation of micro-domains of aligned cells with collective motion, the appearance of an unusual signal in the dynamic susceptibility, and the dynamic slowdown with a density dependence generally forbidden for thermal systems. Our results are expected to capture general characteristics of such active rod glass, which may serve as a physical mechanism underlying dense bacterial aggregates.
Lobbyists and Their Obligation to the Public Interest
Authors: Holyoke Thomas T 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Lobbying in the United States is protected by the First Amendment's petitioning clause, so the profession cannot be suppressed, merely regulated. Since efforts to enact new regulations on the lobbying profession have largely stalled, there is a growing interest in having lobbyists regulate themselves with a canon of ethics provided by their professional associations. Many professions self-regulate, and many articulate obligations to serve the public interest. But what would it mean for lobbyists to serve the public interest? What could their ethical public service obligation be? In this article, I argue that because lobbying is protected by the Constitution, lobbyists have a reciprocal duty to serve the public interest. This creates a duality in how they view their job, as an advocate and as a guide. Following the ideas of Cassinelli, which are based on those of Rousseau, I argue that lobbyists can serve the public by engaging the people they represent, their interest group members or corporate clients, in deliberations that help them articulate their own interests and help them understand and appreciate the concerns and fears of other interests against whom they are competing to shape policy. While always vigorously lobbying for their members or clients, lobbyists also strengthen democracy and thus serve the public interest by helping those they represent empathize with others and perhaps find some common ground.
Enhancing angiogenesis in peri-implant soft tissue with bioactive silk fibroin microgroove coatings on zirconia surfaces
Authors: Wang Zhihan , Tuerxun Palati , Ng Takkun , Yan Yinuo , Zhao Ke , Jian Yutao , Jia Xiaoshi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Zirconia abutments and restorations have improved the aesthetic appeal of implant restoration, yet peri-implantitis poses a significant threat to long-term success. The soft tissue surrounding implants is a crucial biological barrier against inflammation and subsequent bone loss. Peri-implantitis, akin to periodontitis, progresses rapidly and causes extensive tissue damage. Variations in tissue structure significantly influence disease progression, particularly the lower vascular density in peri-implant connective tissue, compromising its ability to combat infection and provide essential nutrients. Blood vessels within this tissue are vital for healing, with angiogenesis playing a key role in immune defense and tissue repair. Enhancing peri-implant soft tissue angiogenesis holds promise for tissue integration and inflammation control. Microgroove surfaces have shown potential in guiding vessel growth, but using subtractive technologies to carve microgrooves on zirconia surfaces may compromise mechanical integrity. In this study, we utilized inkjet printing to prepare bioactive silk fibroin microgrooves (SFMG) coating with different sizes on zirconia surfaces. SFMG coating, particularly with 90 µm width and 10 µm depth, effectively directed human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) along microgrooves, promoting their proliferation, migration, and tube formation. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A and fibroblast growth factor in HUVECs growing on SFMG coating was upregulated. Additionally, the SFMG coating activated the PI3K-AKT pathway and increased glycolytic enzyme gene expression in HUVECs. In conclusion, SFMG coating enhances HUVEC growth and angiogenesis potential by activating the PI3K-AKT pathway and glycolysis, showing promise for improving tissue integration and mitigating inflammation in zirconia abutments and restorations.
Retheorizing Intersectional Identities with the Study of Chinese LGBTQ+ Migrants
Authors: Yang Tori Shucheng , Ghaziani Amin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Intersectionality has transformed our understanding of how multiple axes of power mutually shape social inequalities. However, significant questions arise when applying the theory’s macro-level structural insights to identities on experiential, interactional, and situational levels. In this article, we retheorize intersectionality as a processual outcome. Drawing on in-depth interviews with skilled Chinese LGBTQ+ migrants in North America (n = 50), we detail three challenges that arise when individuals negotiate multiple identities across shifting interactions in national contexts: conflicts, disidentification, and indetermination. Each theme captures how individuals actively reconfigure identities while maintaining a continuous experience of mutual constitution. Instead of cohering into a unity, even one that is greater than the sum of its parts, our findings suggest that intersectionality is in an ongoing process of making, unmaking, and remaking.
Ambient Air Pollution Exposures and Child Executive Function: A US Multicohort Study
Authors: Ni Yu , Sullivan Alexis , Szpiro Adam A. , Peng James , Loftus Christine T. , Hazlehurst Marnie F. , Sherris Allison , Wallace Erin R. , Murphy Laura E. , Nguyen Ruby H. N. , Swan Shanna H. , Sathyanarayana Sheela , Barrett Emily S. , Mason W. Alex , Bush Nicole R. , Karr Catherine J. , LeWinn Kaja Z. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Executive function, which develops rapidly in childhood, enables problem-solving, focused attention, and planning. Animal models describe executive function decrements associated with ambient air pollution exposure, but epidemiologic studies are limited.

Methods:
We examined associations between early childhood air pollution exposure and school-aged executive function in 1235 children from three US pregnancy cohorts in the ECHO-PATHWAYS Consortium. We derived point-based residential exposures to ambient particulate matter ≤2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) at ages 0–4 years from spatiotemporal models with a 2-week resolution. We assessed executive function across three domains, cognitive flexibility, working memory, and inhibitory control, using performance-based measures and calculated a composite score quantifying overall performance. We fitted linear regressions to assess air pollution and child executive function associations, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, maternal mental health, and health behaviors, and examined modification by child sex, maternal education, and neighborhood educational opportunity.

Results:
In the overall sample, we found hypothesized inverse associations in crude but not adjusted models. Modified associations between NO2 exposure and working memory by neighborhood education opportunity were present (P
interaction = 0.05), with inverse associations more pronounced in the “high” and “very high” categories. Associations of interest did not differ by child sex or maternal education.

Conclusion:
This work contributes to the evolving science regarding early-life environmental exposures and child development. There remains a need for continued exploration in future research endeavors, to elucidate the complex interplay between natural environment and social determinants influencing child neurodevelopment.
Aortic Stiffness Is Associated With Higher Nighttime Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Carlini Nicholas A. , Stump Olivia E. , Lumadue Elizabeth J. , Harber Matthew P. , Fleenor Bradley S. 
Published: June 2024

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between aortic stiffening and brachial and central ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP) in a nonclinical sample of middle-aged and older adults (MA/O). We hypothesized aortic stiffness would be positively associated with 24-hr, daytime, and nighttime brachial and central AMBP.

Methods:
Fifty-one participants aged ≥50 yr (21 males and 30 females, mean age 63.4 ± 9.0 yr) with a body mass index <35 kg/m2 who also had a resting brachial blood pressure (BP) <160/100 mmHg with or without BP medications were recruited for this cross-sectional analysis. All participants underwent measures of aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) and 24-hr AMBP monitoring. Bivariate correlations assessed the relationship between cfPWV, brachial, and central AMBP. Partial correlations were used to independently adjust for traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including age, sex, waist circumference, glucose, and augmentation index normalized to heart rate 75 bpm, a surrogate measure of arterial stiffness, and in a multivariable combined model.

Results:
Nighttime brachial systolic BP (r = 0.31) and central systolic BP (r = 0.30) were correlated with cfPWV in the multivariable combined model (P≤ .05). Nighttime brachial pulse pressure and central pulse pressure were correlated with cfPWV after independently adjusting for all CVD risk factors (P≤ .05, all) but not when combined in the multivariable model (P> .05).

Conclusions:
Higher nighttime brachial and central AMBP with older age are related, in part, to greater aortic stiffening. Therefore, interventions to lower or prevent aortic stiffening may also lower nighttime BP in MA/O adults to lower CVD risk.
Effectiveness and safety of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 8 weeks in the treatment of patients with acute hepatitis C: A single-arm retrospective study
Authors: Pol Stanislas , Thompson Alexander J. , Collins Michelle , Venier Elisa , Cotte Laurent , Laguno Centeno Montserrat , Mera Jorge , Reiberger Thomas , Burroughs Margaret , Semizarov Dimitri G. , Iacob Alexandru M. , Welhaven Anne , Fredrick Linda M. , Doyle Joseph S. 
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:
No direct-acting antiviral is currently approved for acute HCV infection, delaying treatment. We investigated the effectiveness and safety of 8-week glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) in patients with acute HCV infection.

Approach and Results:
This noninterventional, single-arm, retrospective chart review was designed to enroll adults/adolescents with acute HCV infection. Analyses were conducted on a full analysis set (FAS; all enrolled) and modified FAS (FAS excluding nonvirologic failures). The primary end point (modified FAS) was sustained virologic response at posttreatment week 12 (SVR12) with superiority to 92.6% threshold determined by historic chronic HCV G/P SVR12 rates. Secondary end points (FAS) included SVR12, on-treatment virologic failure, posttreatment relapse, and reinfection. Adverse events and safety laboratory values were assessed.
Overall, 202 adults were enrolled; in the modified FAS, 150/151 (99.3%; 95% CI: 96.3–99.9) achieved SVR12, demonstrating superiority to efficacy threshold. In the FAS, the SVR12 rate was 74.3% and the on-treatment virologic failure rate was 0%. Relapse and reinfection rates after the final treatment visit (FAS) were 0.5% and 3%, respectively; 39 patients had missing SVR12 data. No on-treatment alanine aminotransferase elevations > 3 × upper limit of normal with total bilirubin > 2 × upper limit of normal were reported. All 53 patients with alanine aminotransferase Grade ≥ 2 at baseline improved to Grade 0/1 on treatment. No adverse eventss of hepatic decompensation/failure or leading to G/P discontinuation occurred. Two patients had serious adverse events unrelated to G/P.

Conclusions:
Eight-week G/P therapy was effective and well-tolerated in patients with acute HCV infection. Data support further investigation of G/P in acute HCV to shorten care cascades, reduce transmission, and support HCV elimination.
Bintrafusp alfa and chemotherapy as first-line treatment in biliary tract cancer: A randomized phase 2/3 trial
Authors: Oh Do-Youn , Ikeda Masafumi , Lee Choong-kun , Rojas Carlos , Hsu Chih-Hung , Kim Jin Won , Shen Lin , Furuse Junji , Park Joon Oh , Borad Mitesh , de Braud Filippo , Bridgewater John , Lee Sunyoung S. , Moehler Markus , Audhuy Francois , Osada Motonobu , Sato Masashi , Yoo Changhoon 
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:
We compared the safety and efficacy of bintrafusp alfa (BA) in combination with gemcitabine+cisplatin (GemCis), to those of GemCis alone, in patients with biliary tract cancer.

Approach and Results:
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, adaptive design phase 2/3 trial (NCT04066491) included adults who are treatment-naive with locally advanced/metastatic biliary tract cancer. Patients (N = 297) were randomized to receive an IV infusion of BA (2400 mg once/3 wk) plus GemCis (gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2+cisplatin 25 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8/3 wk; 8 cycles) (BA group, n = 148) or placebo+GemCis (placebo group, n = 149). The primary end point was overall survival (OS). For adaptation analysis (phase 2-phase 3; data cutoff: May 20, 2021), efficacy was assessed in the first 150 patients who were antibiotic-naive when 80 progression-free survival events had occurred and ≥ 19 weeks of follow-up had been completed (BA, n = 73; placebo, n = 77). Median OS (95% CI) for the BA (11.5 mo [9.3–not estimable]) and placebo (11.5 mo [10.0–not estimable]) groups was comparable (hazard ration 1.23 [95% CI 0.66–2.28]; p = 0.7394); OS data maturity was 27.2% (41 events/151 patients). The most common grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse event was anemia (BA, 26.0%; placebo, 22.8%). Bleeding adverse events were reported more frequently in the BA group (28.8%) versus the placebo group (7.4%). Deaths within 60 days of the first dose were reported in 7.5% and 1.3% of patients in the BA and placebo groups, respectively.

Conclusions:
BA+GemCis did not provide a clinically meaningful benefit compared with GemCis alone as first-line treatment for biliary tract cancer, and the study was discontinued early (terminated: August 20, 2021).
Gender-based Disparity in Performing Aortic Valve Surgery in the United State Before Availability of Percutaneous Valve Implantation
Authors: Movahed Mohammad Reza , Soltani Moghadam Arman , Hashemzadeh Mehrnoosh , Hashemzadeh Mehrtash 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Aortic valve surgery has been performed increasingly in high-risk patients. The goal of this study was to evaluate this trend based on gender in the United States before the availability of percutaneous aortic valve replacement.

Method:
The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was utilized to calculate the age-adjusted utilization rate for aortic valve surgery from 1988 to 2011 in the United States using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision coding for aortic valve surgery.

Results:
A total population of 258,506 patients who underwent aortic valve between 1988 and 2011 were available for our study over the age of 20. We found that the age-adjusted rate of aortic valve surgery gradually increased from 1988 until 2009 and stabilized thereafter with a persistently higher rate for men. For men, age-adjusted rate in 1988 was 13.3 per 100,000 versus 27.0 in year in the year 2011 per 100,000. For women, the age-adjusted rate in 1988 was 6.07 per 100,000 versus 11.4 in year 2011 per 100,000.

Conclusions:
Aortic valve surgery utilization has stabilized in recent years in both genders in the United States. However, this rate has been persistently more than double in men. The cause of this higher utilization in males needs further investigation.