bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoblastoma—An attempt of histological subtyping on fine‐needle aspiration material
Authors: Barwad Adarsh , Gupta Nalini , Gupta Kirti , Rajwanshi Arvind , Marwaha Ram Kumar , Rao K. L. N. , Dey Pranab , Srinivasan Radhika , Nijhawan Raje 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHepatoblastoma (HB) is classified into epithelial, mixed (epithelial/mesenchymal), and small‐cell (anaplastic) type. Wnt/β‐catenin pathway plays a key role in hepatic development, regeneration, and tumorigenesis, and HB is known to present β‐catenin mutations (50–90%). The present study was undertaken to delineate the cytomorphologic features of HB and to evaluate the feasibility of subtyping of HB on fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). The expression of β‐catenin in these tumors was also evaluated both of histopathologic sections and on the aspirated material. Thirty‐three cases with fine‐needle aspirates of HB were retrieved over a period of 12 years. Cytologic diagnosis was reviewed in the light of clinicoradiological data, response to therapy, and subsequent histopathology. Immunochemistry for β‐catenin was performed in 19 of 33 cases on histopathologic sections (n = 10)/cell blocks (n = 6)/cytosmears (n = 3). Based on the cytologic features, the cases were divided into fetal HB (n = 17), embryonal HB (n = 4), combined epithelial HB (n = 8), and mixed HB (n = 4). Four cases of histopathologically proven mixed HB were reported as pure epithelial HB on FNAC, as mesenchymal elements were not represented in the cytology smears. Cytoplasmic as well as nuclear staining for β‐catenin was noted in a total of 10 of 19 cases. FNAC can accurately categorize epithelial HB; however, in mixed type, the accuracy depends on number of areas sampled. Cell block can be of help to perform ancillary investigations especially β‐catenin for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of Silicone‐Based Gels Containing Allantoin, Dexpanthenol and Heparin on Hypertrophic Scarring in the Rabbit Ear Model
Authors: Kim Gun Gook , Ku Sae Kwang , Lee Dong Won , Marasini Nirmal , Pradhan Roshan , Son Mi‐Won , Jun Joon Ho , Jang Sun Woo , Jin Sung Giu , Kang Min Kyung , Yong Chul Soon , Choi Han‐Gon , Kim Jong Oh 
Published: February 2012

Abstract

Strategy, Management and Health Policy

Enabling Technology, Genomics, Proteomics
Preclinical Research
Preclinical Development Toxicology, Formulation Drug Delivery, Pharmacokinetics
Clinical Development Phases I‐III Regulatory, Quality, Manufacturing
Postmarketing Phase IV

Silicone‐based formulations are extensively used for the management of hypertrophic scars. Although the exact mechanism of action is still unknown, it has been postulated that some occlusion and hydration of the stratum corneum with subsequent cytokine‐mediated signaling from keratinocytes to dermal fibroblasts is involved in its antiscarring effects. In this study, the effectiveness of silicone‐based gels containing allantoin, dexpanthenol, and heparin was evaluated for improving the healing of hypertrophic scars. It was found that silicone‐based gels showed remarkable improvements in hypertrophic scar healing and low amounts of skin pigmentation in the rabbit ear model compared with the nontreated control or base alone. Furthermore, the histopathological and histomorphometrical profiles of three different formulations containing 1%, 5%, and 20% silicone contents exhibited marked or significant decreases in the scar elevation index, anterior skin and epithelial thicknesses, inflammatory cells, vessels, collagen disorganization, and fibroblasts compared with nontreated control hypertrophic scars. Therefore, these results indicate that silicone‐based gels containing heparin, allantoin, and dexpanthenol could be promising formulations for the healing of hypertrophic scars.
Effect of mothering on the spatial exploratory behavior of quail chicks
Authors: de Margerie E. , Peris A. , Pittet F. , Houdelier C. , Lumineau S. , Richard‐Yris M.‐A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPrevious maternal deprivation experiments demonstrated that absence of maternal care impacts the behavioral development of young animals. Here we assessed the influence of the presence of a mothering hen on the spatial exploration of Japanese quail chicks, after the mothering period. Brooded and nonbrooded chicks were placed in a novel environment containing feeding troughs. The distribution of chicks and their inter‐individual distances were measured during repeated tests. Brooded chicks exhibited a higher ability to disperse, thereby progressively exploiting larger surfaces and gaining access to food more easily. The fact that exploration by nonbrooded chicks was delayed suggests a deficit in their exploratory motivation and/or spatial skills. We hypothesize that brooded chicks experienced the constraint to follow the mothering hen, and to adapt to frequent reconfigurations of their environment. The lack of this variability in the environment of nonbrooded chicks could have reduced adaptability of their spatial behavior. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 55: 256–264, 2013
Sliding and overturning potential of Christchurch 2011 earthquake records
Authors: Gazetas George , Garini Evangelia , Berrill John B. , Apostolou Marios 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThe 22 February 2011 Mw 6.3 earthquake produced a number of unique accelerograms in the city of Christchurch and the port of Lyttelton. Four of these records are analyzed in this paper. The two are from the Christchurch Catholic Cathedral College and Christchurch Hospital stations in the center of the city, which were placed on top of loose sandy soils that suffered softening due to liquefaction; one is from the Lyttelton station, Lyttelton Port Company, on a rock outcrop; and one is from the station at the Heathcote Valley Primary School, on stiff colluvial silts and sands near the edge of a steep and stiff sedimentary basin. The (elastic) response spectra are discussed and related to some salient characteristics of the motions. Symmetric and asymmetric sliding of a block resting through Coulomb friction on horizontal or inclined planes and rocking–overturning of rigid blocks, when excited at their base by these records, offer a strong indication of their ‘destructiveness potential’. The corresponding sliding and overturning spectra of the 2011 records are compared with those of some historic accelerograms to get an understanding of the severity of ground shaking that caused 170 deaths and heavy geotechnical and structural damage in the city of Christchurch. The possible role played by the unusually large vertical accelerations is also explored. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the efficient application of weighted essentially nonoscillatory scheme
Authors: Su Xinrong , Sasaki Daisuke , Nakahashi Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYIn this paper, the efficient application of high‐order weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) reconstruction to the subsonic and transonic engineering problems is studied. On the basis of the physical considerations, two techniques are proposed to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of the WENO reconstruction. First, it is observed that the WENO scheme using characteristic variable has better accuracy and convergence speed than the scheme using primitive variable. For engineering problems with shock of moderate amplitude, on the basis of the Rankine–Hugoniot conditions, a simplified characteristic‐variable‐based WENO is developed. The simplified version significantly reduces the cost overhead without sacrificing the shock‐capturing capability. Second, in this work, it is found for viscous case that it is better to include the viscous effect. On the basis of a simple analysis, the viscous correction to the parameter ε in the WENO reconstruction is proposed. Numerical results indicate, with the proposed simplified characteristic‐variable‐based reconstruction and the viscous correction, that the nonlinear WENO interpolation is sharply activated in the region of shock jump, whereas in the shockless area, the WENO interpolation weights are tuned towards the designed optimal value for better accuracy. Compared with the original characteristic‐variable‐based WENO, the current implementation has similar accuracy and reduced cost. At the same time, compared with the primitive variable‐based WENO, better accuracy and convergence speed are obtained at marginal cost overhead. Several practical cases are calculated to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the current methodology. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
PREFERENCES FOR THE NORMATIVE BASIS OF HEALTH CARE PRIORITY SETTING: SOME EVIDENCE FROM TWO COUNTRIES
Authors: Olsen Jan Abel , Richardson Jeff 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThe present paper concerns the criteria people would prefer for prioritising health programmes. It differs from most empirical studies as subjects were not asked about their personal preferences for programmes per se. Rather, they were asked about the principles that should guide the choice of programmes. Four different principles were framed as arguments for alternative programmes. The results from population surveys in Australia and Norway suggest that people are least supportive of the principle that decision makers should follow the stated preferences of the public. Rather, respondents expressed more support for decisions based upon health maximisation, equality and urgency. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
All‐cause cancer mortality over 15 years in multi‐ethnic Mauritius: The impact of diabetes and intermediate forms of glucose tolerance
Authors: Harding Jessica L. , Soderberg Stefan , Shaw Jonathan E. , Zimmet Paul Z. , Pauvaday Vassen , Kowlessur Sudhir , Tuomilehto Jaakko , Alberti K. George M.M. , J. Magliano Dianna 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThere are accumulating data describing the association between diabetes and cancer mortality from Westernised populations. There are no data describing the relationship between diabetes and cancer mortality in African or South Asian populations from developing countries. We explored the relationship of abnormal glucose tolerance and diabetes on cancer mortality risk in a large, multi‐ethnic cohort from the developing nation of Mauritius. Population‐based surveys were undertaken in 1987, 1992 and 1998. The 9559 participants comprised 66% of South Asian (Indian), 27% of African (Creole), and 7% of Chinese descent. Cox's proportional hazards model with time varying covariates was used to obtain hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for risk of cancer mortality, after adjustment for confounding factors. In men, but not women, cancer mortality risk increased with rising 2h‐PG levels with HR for the top versus bottom quintile of 2.77 (95%CI: 1.28 to 5.98). South Asian men with known diabetes had a significantly greater risk of cancer mortality than those with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) HR: 2.74 (95%CI: 1.00‐7.56). Overall, impaired glucose tolerance was associated with an elevated risk of cancer mortality compared to NGT (HR: 1.47, 95% CI: 0.98–2.19), though this was not significant. We have shown that the association between abnormal glucose tolerance and cancer extends to those of African and South Asian descent. These results highlight the importance of understanding this relationship in a global context to direct future health policy given the rapid increase in type 2 diabetes, especially in developing nations.
A deuterated analog of dasatinib disrupts cell cycle progression and displays anti‐non‐small cell lung cancer activity in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Ling Chunhua , Chen Gang , Chen Guodong , Zhang Zubin , Cao Biyin , Han Kunkun , Yin Jianming , Chu Alex , Zhao Yun , Mao Xinliang 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe pan‐Src family kinase inhibitor dasatinib has been approved for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment but displays limited activity in lung cancer patients. In this study, we used a deuterium substitution strategy to develop a class of novel chemicals based on dasatinib and found that these compounds maintain inhibition on c‐Src activity and display anti‐non‐small cell lung cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. BRP800, one of these compounds, was chosen for further studies. BRP800 mainly displayed antiproliferative but not proapoptotic activity. Molecularly, BRP800 did not show significant effects on the expression of antiapoptotic genes, such as Bcl‐2 and Mcl1, or on the activation of apoptotic enzymes, such as caspase‐3, ‐8 or 9. However, BRP800 decreased expression of cell cycle promoting genes such as cyclins D1, D3, E, A and CDK4 and 6, and increased the expression of cell cycle negative regulators including p21, p27 and p53. Consistent with these findings, BRP800 arrested cells at the G0/G1 phase in a concentration‐dependent manner, and the G0/G1 fraction was increased from 64% in control to 85% in BRP800‐treated cells. We also evaluated the effects of BRP800 on NSCLC xenografts using H460 as a model in nude mice. Compared with the known NSCLC drug docetaxel, BRP800 displayed potent and similar antitumor activity but with less toxicity. These findings suggest that the deuterated analog of dasatinib is antiproliferative by inhibiting c‐Src and disrupting cell cycle progression, and could be further developed as a novel drug for non‐small lung cancer treatment.
Combined measurement of preoperative α‐fetoprotein and des‐γ‐carboxy prothrombin predicts recurrence after curative resection in patients with hepatitis‐B‐related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chon Young Eun , Choi Gi Hong , Lee Myoung Ha , Kim Seung Up , Kim Do Young , Ahn Sang Hoon , Kim Kyung Sik , Choi Jin Sub , Han Kwang‐Hyub , Chon Chae Yoon , Park Jun Yong 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAlpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) and des‐γ‐carboxy prothrombin (DCP) are widely used complementary tumor markers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we investigated whether preoperative AFP and DCP levels predict recurrence after curative resection in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related HCC. Records for 267 patients who were diagnosed with HBV‐related HCC and who underwent curative resection for HCC were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two preoperative groups: pre‐op I (AFP ≥20 ng/dL and DCP ≥40 mAU/mL) and pre‐op II (AFP ≥20 ng/dL and DCP <40 mAU/mL; AFP <20 ng/dL and DCP ≥40 mAU/mL; or AFP <20 ng/dL and DCP <40 mAU/mL). Among 267 patients, 102 (38.2%) patients were classified as pre‐op I, whereas the other 165 (61.8%) belonged to pre‐op II. During the post‐resection follow‐up [69.0 (3.0–136.0) months] period, 154 (57.7%) patients developed recurrences [68 (66.7%) patients in pre‐op I vs. 86 (52.1%) in pre‐op II, p = 0.029]. A multivariate analysis revealed that multiple tumors [hazard ratio (HR), 2.210; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.185–4.121] and pre‐op I (HR: 1.890; 95% CI; 1.080–3.289) were significant predictors for recurrence. Disease‐free survival (DFS) was significantly shorter in pre‐op I compared to that in pre‐op II (20.0 vs. 46.8 months, p = 0.006). Elevated preoperative AFP and DCP levels were associated with a higher recurrence rate and shorter DFS in patients with HBV‐related HCC after curative resection. The combined measurement of preoperative AFP and DCP may be a prognostic factor for future recurrence.
Influences of tobacco and alcohol use on hepatocellular carcinoma survival
Authors: Shih Wei‐Liang , Chang Hung‐Chuen , Liaw Yun‐Fan , Lin Shi‐Ming , Lee Shou‐Dong , Chen Pei‐Jer , Liu Chun‐Jen , Lin Chih‐Lin , Yu Ming‐Whei 
Published: February 2012

AbstractPrognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is generally poor. The role of modifiable lifestyle factors on HCC survival has been less studied. To examine whether prediagnosis smoking and alcohol affected HCC survival stratified by viral etiology, we conducted a prospective cohort study of 2,273 (1990 with viral hepatitis and 283 without) incident HCC cases aged 20–75 years who were enrolled between 1997 and 2004 from a Taiwanese multicenter study, and followed up through 2007. Information on habitual smoking and alcohol consumption was obtained at baseline through personal interview. After follow‐up to a maximum of 10 years, 1,757 participants died and 1,488 (84.7%) were attributed to HCC. Prediagnosis smoking and alcohol worsened prognosis independent of each other and clinical predictors. The effects of both risky behaviors were limited to viral hepatitis‐related HCC and more profound among those with early‐stage HCC. Risk for HCC‐specific mortality increased with increasing pack‐years smoked and ethanol intake (all p < 0.001 for trend), with an additive effect shown for the two habits [hazard ratio (HR) for alcohol ≥46.2 g/day and ≥10 pack‐years = 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.45–2.05]. For either habit, cessation reduced HCC‐specific mortality, but a significant mortality benefit occurred 10 years after abstinence (quitting smoking ≥10 years vs. continuing smokers: HR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.61–0.97; quitting drinking ≥10 years vs. continuing drinkers: HR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.56–0.98). In conclusion, among patients with viral hepatitis‐related HCC, prediagnosis smoking and alcohol have a deleterious effect on HCC survival. Quitting smoking or drinking alcohol could reduce the excess risk, but only after a long interval of cessation.
A quantitative psychometric evaluation of an intervention for poor dietary variety in children with a feeding problem of clinical significance
Authors: Dovey Terence M. , Martin Clarissa I. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractFew studies have been published that offer a quantitative evaluation of interventions for feeding problems of clinical significance. Twenty‐four children referred to the service for clinically significant feeding problems were administered the Behavioral Pediatric Feeding Assessment Scale (BPFAS; W. Crist & A. Napier‐Phillips, 2001) and the Child Feeding Assessment Questionnaire (CFAQ; G. Harris & I.W. Booth, 1992) before and after a duel targeted 16‐week therapeutic intervention to improve dietary variety. Dietary variety was assessed through a food diary where only items that were accepted on more than one occasion were deemed to be part of the child's habitual diet. Results indicated that all subscales of the BPFAS and the CFAQ were responsive to the intervention, with scores falling from those of clinical significance to those more representative of non‐feeding‐problem children. Regression analysis indicated that children's problem scores on the BPFAS predicted 15% of the variance in increased dietary variety following the intervention. The outcome of this evaluation indicated that improving dietary variety in children with clinically significant feeding problems is challenging. With the right approach, however, large improvements can be observed relatively quickly.
Early childhood trichotillomania: Initial considerations on phenomenology, treatment, and future directions
Authors: Park Jennifer M. , Rahman Omar , Murphy Tanya K. , Storch Eric A. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractHistorically, trichotillomania (TTM) in young children (0–3 years old) generally has been considered to be a benign habit that is clinically distinct from the TTM seen in older children and adults. However, early childhood TTM can be an impairing pathological disorder that merits formal intervention. The present article reviews the extant literature on TTM in young children, highlighting the limited available phenomenological data. We discuss a behavioral approach to conceptualization and treatment, highlighting core intervention strategies in three early childhood TTM cases seen in our clinic. We conclude by discussing areas in need of further empirical attention.
Gene expression‐targeted isoflavone therapy
Authors: Węgrzyn Alicja 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLysosomal storage diseases (LSD) form a group of inherited metabolic disorders caused by dysfunction of one of the lysosomal proteins, resulting in the accumulation of certain compounds. Although these disorders are among first genetic diseases for which specific treatments were proposed, there are still serious unsolved problems that require development of novel therapeutic procedures. An example is neuronopathy, which develops in most of LSD and cannot be treated efficiently by currently approved therapies. Recently, a new potential therapy, called gene expression‐targeted isoflavone therapy (GET IT), has been proposed for a group of LSD named mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS), in which storage of incompletely degraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) results in severe symptoms of virtually all tissues and organs, including central nervous system. The idea of this therapy is to inhibit synthesis of GAGs by modulating expression of genes coding for enzymes involved in synthesis of these compounds. Such a modulation is possible by using isoflavones, particularly genistein, which interfere with a signal transduction process necessary for stimulation of expression of certain genes. Results of in vitro experiments and studies on animal models indicated a high efficiency of GET IT, including correction of behavior of affected mice. However, clinical trials, performed with soy isoflavone extracts, revealed only limited efficacy. This caused a controversy about GET IT as a potential, effective treatment of patients suffering from MPS, especially neuronopathic forms of these diseases. It this critical review, I present possible molecular mechanisms of therapeutic action of isoflavones (particularly genistein) and suggest that efficacy of GET IT might be sufficiently high when using relatively high doses of synthetic genistein (which was employed in experiments on cell cultures and mouse models) rather than low doses of soy isoflavone extracts (which were used in clinical trials). This proposal can be tested in double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled clinical trials. © 2012 IUBMB Life, 64(4): 307–315, 2012
The SOCS box—Adapting proteins for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation
Authors: Linossi Edmond M. , Nicholson Sandra E. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) box was first identified in the SH2‐containing SOCS box family (cytokine‐inducible SH2‐containing protein, SOCS1–7) and is a 40‐amino acid motif, which functions to recruit an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of the adapter proteins elongins B and C, Rbx2 and the scaffold protein Cullin5. The SOCS box is found in a diverse array of intracellular signalling molecules, many of which contain different protein interaction domains such as SPRY and WD40 domains, leucine and ankyrin repeats or other functional domains such as GTPases. In general, the SOCS box‐containing proteins are thought to act as substrate‐recognition modules to mediate the polyubiquitination and subsequent degradation of substrate proteins by the 26S proteasome. © 2012 IUBMB Life, 64(4): 316–323, 2012