bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antimicrobial delivery by intrasynovial catheterisation with systemic administration for equine synovial trauma and sepsis
Authors: Stewart AA , Goodrich LR , Byron CR , Evans RB , Stewart MC 
Published: March 2010

Objective To present the technique for intra‐articular catheter placement and report the clinical outcomes of 38 cases of equine synovial trauma and/or infection treated with broad‐spectrum antimicrobials administered via an intrasynovial catheter (ISC).Design Retrospective study.Procedure Medical records of 38 horses treated for synovial trauma and sepsis with frequent antimicrobial administration through an ISC from 1995 to 2008 were reviewed. Follow‐up information was obtained via clinical re‐evaluation or telephone contact with the owners.Results The majority of horses (84%) received amikacin and Timentin® four times daily. In addition, synovial lavage through the ISC was carried out in 27 horses (71%). Only radiological evidence of osteolysis had a significant negative impact on both lameness at the time of hospital discharge and the long‐term outcome. In total, 92% of horses treated with frequent antimicrobial administration through an ISC had clinical resolution of infection. Catheter obstruction occurred in three cases, necessitating replacement or removal, and two synovial fistulae developed at sites of open drainage. The majority of horses treated had a favourable outcome, with 86% being at least pasture sound and 43% returned to riding.Conclusion Septic synovial structures treated with frequent antimicrobial administration through an ISC had a good prognosis for survival and 43% returned to riding, which is consistent with the results of other studies. The use of a simple ISC should be considered when broad‐spectrum intrasynovial antimicrobial administration and lavage of a septic synovial structure are indicated.
Depot injection of barium selenate for long‐term prevention of selenium inadequacy in beef cattle
Authors: Judson GJ , Babidge PJ 
Published: March 2010

In southern Australia, cattle at risk from selenium (Se) deficiency can be given an oral dose of supplements that are effective in maintaining adequate Se status for between 9 and 12 months.The present study was undertaken to assess the duration of the effect of parenteral barium selenate (BaSe) in raising the Se status of cattle at pasture in an area of marginal Se deficiency.The BaSe was given subcutaneously to Hereford heifers, using an 18‐gauge needle. Cattle had regular blood sampling to assay Se, from 8 days before dosing to 1155 days afterwards.Results show that a single injection of BaSe was effective in elevating blood and plasma Se concentrations to normal values for at least 2 to 3 years, when given to beef cattle of low normal Se status. We suggest that a prophylactic dosage of 0.5 mg Se/kg body weight as BaSe should be given every 2 years to prevent Se inadequacy in beef cattle grazing pasture of marginal Se content.
Myelodysplasia as a cause of hindlimb ataxia in two beef calves
Authors: Hill BD 
Published: March 2010

Myelodysplasia is a general term referring to abnormal development of the spinal cord. Unless associated with vertebral malformations, it can be difficult to distinguish clinically from other causes of spinal cord disease.These case reports describe the clinical and pathological findings in two calves with a distinctive non‐progressive pelvic limb ataxia. The syndrome was observed in two calves on a large, extensively managed beef cattle property near Richmond, north Queensland.Both calves had similar clinical signs, including hindlimb ataxia with swaying of the pelvis and a well‐coordinated bilateral hopping‐like action.The differential diagnoses are discussed. A focal or diffuse myelodysplasia should be suspected in calves that have exhibited a non‐progressive hindlimb ataxia from birth.
The Comedy of National Character: Images of the English in Early Eighteenth‐Century French Comedy
Authors: GOULBOURNE RUSSELL 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis article examines how various stereotypes of the English were expressed on the French comic stage in the first half of the eighteenth century. Focusing on the prolific and successful dramatist Louis de Boissy, four of whose comedies, written over a period of more than twenty‐five years, explore the comic potential of national stereotypes, the article demonstrates that the comic theatre did not simply offer distorted perspectives on the English for straightforwardly satirical effect; rather, it also offered possibilities for a more complex exploration of the issues of cultural difference that were being discussed elsewhere in the period.
The Maternal Contradiction: Representing the Fictional Mother in Richardson's Pamela II (1741)
Authors: DAVIES REBECCA S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSamuel Richardson's failure convincingly to transfer the eponymous Pamela's exemplary characteristics into his novel's sequel has been critically maligned as a lack of authorial skill. This article demonstrates that Richardson's inability to create the embodiment of idealised maternity is actually due to tensions already existent in eighteenth‐century written maternal advice. ‘Motherhood’ was a concept invested with multiple symbolic functions. In order to stabilise the conception of maternity in the paradigmatic figure of Pamela, therefore, Richardson had to remove her from the physical and place her in the authorial position, writing rather than embodying idealised maternity.
Miliary tuberculosis and necrotizing tuberculous fasciitis – An unusual coexistence in a rheumatoid arthritis patient
Authors: KWON Hyun‐Hee , BAEK Seung‐Hoon , PARK Sung‐Hoon 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report a case of a 65‐year‐old Korean female patient with rheumatoid arthritis, who presented with extensive necrotizing fasciitis of the gluteus muscles, as an unusual initial manifestation of miliary tuberculosis. The patient had been previously treated with conventional disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs and low‐dose steroids for 7 years. However, she recently developed fever, warmth and painful swelling in her right buttock. Magnetic resonance imaging indicated necrotizing fasciitis of the gluteus muscles and a fasciectomy specimen revealed a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Two weeks after a fasciectomy, miliary tuberculosis of the lung was diagnosed by high resolution chest computed tomography. Soft tissue infection due to M. tuberculosis should be included as a differential diagnosis in the immunocompromised host. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of miliary tuberculosis even in the absence of respiratory symptoms and normal chest radiograph.
Etoricoxib improves pain, function and quality of life: results of a real‐world effectiveness trial
Authors: LIN Hsiao‐Yi , CHENG Tien‐Tsai , WANG Jyh‐Horng , LEE Chyou‐Shen , CHEN Ming‐Han , LEI Vanessa , LAC Christina , GAMMAITONI Arnold R. , SMUGAR Steven S. , CHEN Wen‐Jer 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:  To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of etoricoxib in patients with osteoarthritis (OA) with suboptimal response to existing pain regimens.Methods:  A multicenter, prospective, open‐label, single‐arm study. OA patients (n = 500) taking nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or other analgesics who had inadequate response as determined by their physicians (≥ 40 mm on a 0–100 mm pain scale) were switched directly to etoricoxib 60 mg once daily for 4 weeks without prior medication washout. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with ≥ 30% improvement in Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain walking on a flat surface after 4 weeks of treatment. Other endpoints included WOMAC Pain, Stiffness, and Physical Function subscales, Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), investigator’s global assessment of response to therapy (IGART), the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) and Short Form 36 (SF36). Safety and tolerability were assessed by collecting adverse events.Results:  After switching to etoricoxib, 52% (95% confidence interval: 47%, 57%) of patients reported a clinically meaningful reduction (≥ 30%) for WOMAC pain walking on a flat surface. Disability in daily activities and pain interference were significantly improved (P < 0.0001). IGART scores improved after the switch to etoricoxib (P < 0.05). Results from TSQM demonstrated that patient perceptions of effectiveness, convenience and overall satisfaction increased. Etoricoxib was generally well tolerated in most patients. The most commonly reported adverse event was edema (4.2%).Conclusions:  In OA patients experiencing inadequate relief from a wide variety of analgesics, pain, function, quality of life, and treatment satisfaction significantly improved when switched to etoricoxib.
Idiopathic inflammatory myositis is associated with a high incidence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus
Authors: LIMAYE Vidya S. , LESTER Sue , BLUMBERGS Peter , ROBERTS‐THOMSON Peter J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAims:  The long‐terms complications of immunosuppressive and anti‐inflammatory treatment in idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM) are unknown. We sought to determine the complications of these treatments in a large cohort of patients with biopsy‐proven IIM.Methods:  A South Australian database for patients with biopsy‐proven IIM was established. Clinical details of patients including treatment received were recorded.Results:  Forty‐three patients with dermatomyositis (DM), 184 with polymyositis (PM) and 117 with inclusion body myositis (IBM) were registered on the database. The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in this population was 62% and 29%, respectively, considerably higher than the background prevalence of 9.4% and 4%, making detection of treatment‐related adverse effects difficult. Hypertension and ischemic heart disease were more likely to be present prior to the diagnosis of IIM rather than following it. Hypertension and diabetes occurred more frequently following the diagnosis of myositis, in patients with DM compared with PM or IBM.Conclusions:  We report a novel association of IIM with hypertension, diabetes and ischemic heart disease, indicating that a comprehensive assessment of vascular risk factors is essential in IIM.
A COMMON SENSE BASIS OF CHEMISTRY TEACHING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Authors: Franklin G. T. 
Published: March 2010

RÉSUMÉIn the series of papers on “Common Sense Basis of Chemistry Teaching,” it has been pointed out that

The teaching of chemistry without individual laboratory work is not real chemistry instruction and has doubtful cultural values,
The inidvidual laboratory method answers criticisms of methods in general educational practice very well and thus to abandon the idea is unthinkable; to improve the method is the worth aim,
Lecture‐demonstration work has an important rôle to perform in continuing for the mass interesting demonstrations, correlating the work with the experience of the individual worker,
The lecture demonstration‐method should not be a substitute method but an addition method entering into the domain of scientific study where, on account of the dangers involved or the difficulties of the technique of the apparatus used, or the great cost of materials needed for individual laboratory work, the teacher plays his part—inspitational as well as instructional,
Individual laboratory work is best adapted to the needs of pupils from a common sense basis. The evaluation of objectives and the use of examinations of the traditional type to determine relative values of procedures are not easily carried out—it is not a problem for the application of strictly scientific methods.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: Jamison G. H. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution or proposed problem sent to the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The editor of the department desires to serve his readers by making it interesting and helpful to them.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: H. Jamison G. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution or proposed problem sent to the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The editor of the department desires to serve his readers by making it interesting and helpful to them. Address suggestions and problems to G. H. Jamison, State Teachers College, Kirksville, Missouri.
LITTLE SCIENCE BOOKS FOR BIG AND LITTLE PEOPLE
Authors: Warner Glen W. 
Published: March 2010

Book reviewed in this article:Observing the Heavens, by Peter Hood.Billy Bass, by R. W. Eschmeyer.Patterns in the Sky, by W. Maxwell Reed.State Birds and Flowers, by Olive L. Earle.The Great Whales, by Herbert S. Zim.Animal Tools, by George F. Mason.Play with Vines, by Millicent E. Selsam.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: Jamison G. H. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed, Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution, or proposed problem, sent to the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The editor of the department desires to serve its readers by making it interesting and helpful to them.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: Jamison G. H. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution or proposed problem sent to the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: Jamison G. H. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to thir authors. Each solution, or proposed problem, sent to the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The editor of the department desires to serve its readers by making it interesting and helpful to them.
PROBLEM DEPARTMENT
Authors: Jamison G. H. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution, or proposed problem, sent to the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The editor of the Department desires to serve its readers by making it interesting and helpful to them.
Teachers' Beliefs About Mathematical Problem Solving in the Elementary School
Authors: Ford Margaret I. 
Published: March 2010

This study focused on 5th‐grade teachers' and students' beliefs about mathematical problem solving; attributions for the causes of performance in problem solving; and beliefs about the teaching and learning of problem solving in mathematics. Ten 5th‐grade teachers from four different schools in a large rural school district volunteered to participate in the study. Each teacher identified two students from her classroom to participate in the study, one student perceived by the teacher as successful and one perceived as unsuccessful in mathematical problem solving. Parallel interviews with teacher and students were conducted. During the interviews, a set of nine word problems was presented, and teachers predicted the likelihood that the participating students would get correct answers on each of the problems. Students were asked to solve each of the problems orally. Verbatim transcripts of the interviews were analyzed and a correlation of teachers' predictions of students' performance and the students' actual performance was considered.Four general conclusions resulted from the research. First, 5th‐grade teachers believe that problem solving in mathematics in primarily an application of computational skills. Students' beliefs about mathematical problem solving are, for the most part, consistent with the beliefs held by the teachers. Second, 5th‐grade teachers in the study basically attributed success and failure in problem solving to differences in students' ability, while students attributed success and failure to a combination of ability and effort. Third, the activities in problem solving in the 5th‐grade classrooms, if anything, enhance computational ability. The teachers' focus was primarily on right answers, and the use of calculators for problem solving was strongly discouraged. Finally, teachers tend to overestimate the students' ability to do problems involving computation and underestimate students' ability to do reasoning problems.
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Abdi S. Wali 
Published: March 2010

Book reviewed in this article:Look Inside Cross‐Sections: Planes Michael JohnstoneThe World Record Paper Airplane Book: Ken Blackburn and Jeff LammersReviewers: Lucille A. SlingerThe Practice of Constructivism in Science Education: Kenneth Tobin John EichingerMeasuring Earthquakes: Real‐World Mathematics Through Science: Nancy Cook Charles G. Oviatt
BOOK REVIEWS
Authors: Abdi S. Wali 
Published: March 2010

Book reviewed in this article: Talking Points in Mathematics: Author. Anita Straker and Sheryl A. Maxwell Eyewitness Science: Time & Space: Author. John and Mary Gribbin and Donna M. Plummer Look Inside Cross‐sections Space See Inside 12 Fascinating Spacecraft: Author. Moira Butterfield and Donna M. Plummer The Big Book of Things That Go: Project Editor. Caroline Bingham and Donna M. Plummer Proceedings of the 7th International Congress on Mathematical Education: Editors. Claude Gaulin, Bernard R. Hodgson, David H. Wheeler, and John C. Egsgard Selected Lectures from the 7th International Congress on Mathematical Education: Editors. David F. Robitaille, David H. Wheeler, and Carolyn Kieran
An Evaluation of a Master's Degree in K‐8 Mathematics and Science: Classroom Practice
Authors: Lewis Nancy S. , Jeanpierre Bobby 
Published: March 2010

“Evaluation as a particular kind of investigated discipline is distinguished from, for example, traditional empirical research in the social sciences or from literary criticism, criminalistics, or investigative reporting, partly by its extraordinary multidisciplinarity” (Scrivens, 1991, p. 141). It is this unique multidisciplinary feature of evaluation that adds usefulness when determining the effectiveness of programs seeking to integrate mathematics and science teaching and learning across elementary and middle grade levels.In 2005, a K‐8 mathematics and science program celebrated its 15th year of service. The program was the result of education, business, and community partnership efforts focused on improving mathematics and science teaching and learning in schools throughout a metropolitan region in the southeastern United States. To date, over 350 K‐8 teachers have completed a master's degree through this mathematics and science education program. The director realized that an evaluation of the program would likely provide insights that would benefit not only the efforts of the program but the broader mathematics and science teaching and learning community. Hence, the National Science Foundation (award No. 9815931), which had provided start‐up funds for the program responded to this need and provided funding for a longitudinal evaluation of the program. The evaluation was conducted from 1999 to 2004.This article focuses on the evaluation results for years 1 and 2 and addresses the question related to changes in teachers' classroom practice.
Exploring Problem‐based Learning in the Context of High School Science: Design and Implementation Issues
Authors: Goodnough Karen , Cashion Marie 
Published: March 2010

This paper reports on the experiences of a small collaborative inquiry group consisting of a high school science teacher, Deidre, and two university researchers, the authors of this paper, as they explored an active, inquiry‐based approach to teaching and learning referred to as Problem‐Based Learning or PBL (Barrows, 1994; Barrows & Tamblyn, 1980). Although PBL is not new and has an established tradition in medical education and other professional schools, the use and scholarship of PBL at the secondary level is only starting to emerge. This small‐scale collaboration allowed the co‐inquirers to delve into the complexities of PBL and to examine its feasibility as a curriculum and instructional approach in the context of high school science teaching and learning.The three collaborators adopted an action‐based inquiry method referred to as Collaborative Inquiry (CI), a “process consisting of repeated episodes of reflection and action through which a group of peers strives to answer a question of importance to them” (Bray, Lee, Smith, & Yorks, 2000, p. 6). Data collection methods and sources included student‐generated work, classroom observation, student interviews, and audio‐taped planning meetings. The outcomes of the study focus on the issues that arose during PBL design and implementation, such as selecting a PBL topic, determining the level of structure to be incorporated into the PBL experience, selecting appropriate assessment approaches, facilitating groups, and providing optimal student feed‐back. In addition, outcomes related to student perceptions of PBL indicated that the majority liked learning through PBL because it promoted active learning, made science relevant, provided variety in learning, and supported group work. The authors discuss implications for the adoption of PBL in K‐12 settings.