bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perception of medical students towards teaching basic clinical skills in otorhinolaryngology through peer physical examination (PPE)
Authors: Gupta Vikas , Begum Yousuf , Singh Abhishek , Agrawal Deepika 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Medical education is now largely learner centered with self-directed learning. The best method for teaching physical examination skills is difficult to determine. The process by which students examine each other as part of their learning process in anatomy and clinical skills is known as peer physical examination (PPE). The aim of this study was to demonstrate the perceptions of students toward PPE in ear, nose, throat, head, and neck.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 among 100 medical students after obtaining ethical approval. In the PPE programme, students participated in a small group of 2–3 students. A self-administered questionnaire was also filled out by students before and after the program, which gathered demographic details and responses to the modified Peer Physical Examination Questionnaire (PPEQ). Significant associations (P < 0.05) were examined using ANOVA analysis.

RESULTS:
In the present study, 81.5% of students have previously conducted examinations on fellow students. Prior to the program, the willingness to be examined (for throat) by a peer was 71.7%, which rose to 95.7% after the program. Most students replied that “I am concerned about being a possible object of sexual interest during PPE.” A univariate analysis showed that age, gender, and residence of students were significantly associated with PPEQ scores (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
In the present study, it was observed that there was a change in the willingness for PPE before and after the programme and also that there was a change in the perception towards PPE following the program.
Using education based on the health belief model to modifications in performance of behaviors related to sexually transmitted infections in vulnerable women
Authors: Golshiri Parastoo , Mohaghegh Negar , Shamsaee Somayeh , Boroumandfar Zahra 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have always been considered as a health problem in the world. Also, vulnerable women (addicts, jail breakers, and prostitutes) are at the highest risk. According to the World Health Organization's (WHO) approach, the only effective way to prevent and control this disease is public health education, and high-risk and vulnerable groups should be prioritized in educational programs. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of health belief model (HBM)-based education on changing the behaviors related to STIs in vulnerable women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is an intervention (field trial) study in vulnerable women. Convenience sampling method was used in this study and the sample size was determined to be 84 subjects. Through tossing a coin, the social support center was selected as the intervention group and the drop-in center as the control group. Quantitative data analysis was performed, and descriptive and inferential statistical methods were used.

RESULTS:
The mean scores of perceived threat, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived self-efficacy and changes in performance between the three measurement stages, as well as changes in the scores of perceived threat, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived self-efficacy over three measurement times were significantly different between the two groups (interaction) (P < 0.001). The mean score of performance 3 months after the intervention was significantly higher than before the intervention (P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The present study confirmed the effectiveness of the HBM in promoting behavioral modifiers that lead to STIs. Therefore, educational interventions with emphasis on understanding the threats, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy and, ultimately, performance improvement in relation to STIs are recommended.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding intellectual property rights among medical, dental, and nursing professionals in a tertiary institution in Bhubaneswar City, Odisha: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: Kumar Gunjan , Jena Samikshya , Jha Kunal , Singh Arpita 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) about intellectual property rights (IPRs) among medical, dental, and nursing students and faculties in a tertiary institute through cross-sectional survey in Bhubaneswar City, Odisha.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a cross-sectional survey conducted from October to December, 2021 in a tertiary institution in Bhubaneswar city, Odisha. A self-structured, 29 close-ended questionnaires based on IPRs was used in the survey. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed statistically using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. All the components of KAP were measured as absolute and relative frequencies. They were also assessed as mean and standard deviation. Descriptive analysis through frequency distribution was calculated and the Chi-square test was applied. The correlation between the domains was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient.

RESULT:
A total of 489 participants participated in the survey, out of which 196 (40.1%) were males and 293 (59.9%) were females; 177 (36.2%) were interns, 147 (30.1%) were postgraduates, and 165 (33.7%) were faculties from all the three fields (medical, dental, and nursing). A total of 192 (39.3%) participants were from medical, 198 (40.5%) from dental, and 99 (20.2%) were from the nursing field. The mean KAP scores were significantly (P < 0.0001) higher among nursing interns respondents (2.963, 0.637, and 0.390), dental postgraduate respondents (2.213, 0.844, and 0.351), and dental faculties (1.953, 0.876, and 0.481). The mean knowledge score was significantly (P < 0.0001) greater among females than males and the mean attitude and practice scores were significantly (P < 0.0001) greater among males than females. Pearson's correlation coefficientwas found to be significant for knowledge-attitude, knowledge-practice domain. The values obtained were statistically significant.

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that more KAP was found in dental faculties, dental postgraduates, and nursing interns. However, the need to know IPR is still lacking among the healthcare professionals. Since IPR is the need of the hour and it has a potential ahead, it is necessary to include it in the curriculum so as to increase the knowledge about IPR among individuals, which will enable to creation of dynamic innovations in the near future.
Effectiveness of multimodal intervention for depression, self-esteem, and quality of life among elderly people residing at selected old age homes in Jalandhar, Punjab
Authors: Gupta Rajratan , Omkarappa Dayananda Bittenahalli , Andrade Reema Jacqueline 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Depression is the most common mental disorder among old age people residing at old age homes. It is also associated with many physiological and psychological symptoms along with the impaired quality of life and self-esteem. The multimodal intervention, including physical activity, cognitive training, and social activities, has a positive effect on depression and self-esteem. However, only a few studies were conducted in India setup on the older population residing at old age homes. Hence, this study focused on finding the effectiveness of multimodal intervention for depression, quality of life, and self-esteem among elderly people residing at selected old age homes in Jalandhar, Punjab.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A randomized, controlled trial design was adopted with longitudinal measurement of outcomes for 6 months. An simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 50 subjects to the experimental group and 50 subjects to the control group. Elderly people who are residing at selected old age homes in Jalandhar were selected for the study. The multimodal intervention was administered to the experimental group once weekly eight sessions over eight weeks after the pre-interventional assessment. The data were collected pre-intervention, at one month, three months, and six months after the intervention. The data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23.0.

RESULTS:
There were no significant differences in demographics between groups at baseline. The mean age of subjects was 64.35 ± 1.32 years in the experimental group and 64.12 ± 1.83 in the control group. The mean duration of stay in old age home was 3.64 ± 1.25 years in the experimental group and 4.05 ± 1.65 in the control group. There were significant multimodal intervention effects on decreasing depression (F = 20.15, P < 0.05, np
2 = 0.092) and increasing self-esteem (F = 84.65, P < 0.001, np
2 = 0.24) and quality of life (F = 62.32, P < 0.001, np
2 = 0.52) over the 6-month interval.

CONCLUSION:
This study demonstrated that the multimodal intervention was effective in reducing depression among elderly people residing at selected old age homes. It also shows that self-esteem and quality of life improved significantly after intervention.
Desynchronized daily activity rhythms and gender related psychological well-being of Moroccan university students during the quarantine-isolation
Authors: Sabaoui Ikram , Lotfi Said , Zerdani Ilham , Talbi Mohammed 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
The disturbance of students' biological and academic rhythms induced by the Coronavirus generated considerable challenges that had an influence on their psychological well-being. This study aims to highlight the daily rhythm desynchronization and examine the mental health of Moroccan students who were impacted, notably females, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS AND MATERIAL:
A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in May 2020 at ten Moroccan faculties including 312 students with an average age of 22 ± 1.70 years old, processed according to a random sampling. A Daily Activities Biorhythm Questionnaire was used to assess the students' daily activities time use and duration, while the PTSD Symptom Scale, Hamilton Scale, Worry Domains Questionnaire, and Visual Analog Mood State Scale were used to assess their mental health. A statistical analysis used both Chi-square and t test to evaluate the relationship between females and males as two independent groups to the studied variables.

RESULTS:
Based on individual gender differences, a significant disruption emerged in the daily time use and duration of activities during home confinement. Besides, females were more likely to experience psychological issues notably anxiety (2.04 ± 0.49), physical tiredness (2.11 ± 0.39), sadness (p <.05), and posttraumatic stress disorder (p <.01). In contrast, there is a strong correlation between males' concern of declining employment (p <.05) and their worry of declining family budgets (2.10 ± 1.39).

CONCLUSIONS:
As an emerging behavior for a new risk factor, the daily activities rhythm of Moroccan university students have been altered and mental health difficulties have appeared due to the quarantine isolation. This might influence their overall academic performance and psychological balance. In this instance, psychological assistance is highly recommended.
Impact of structured training program about Hospital Infection Control practices on Knowledge and Perception of nursing students at public and private nursing teaching institute of Northern India- An interventional study
Authors: Singh Sukhbir , Kaur Kiran , Saini Ravinder Singh , Singh Sunita , Aggarwal Hari Kishan , Chandra Hem 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a primary cause of illness and death and increased expenditure due to prolonged hospitalization and poor prognosis. HAI is a global safety concern, according to World Health Organization (WHO). This study assesses the current level of knowledge and perception regarding hospital infection control practices among nursing students and evaluates the impact of structured training interventions on their baseline knowledge and perception level.

METHODS AND MATERIALS:
It was a single group, a pre-post interventional study done on nursing students of one government and one private nursing college in the year 2021. A pretested questionnaire consisting of was used as a study tool. Various statistical tests like one repeated-measure ANOVA, Mauchly's Test of Sphericity, and Greenhouse-Geisser correction were used.

RESULTS:
The mean knowledge was minimum in the pretest group (Mean = 79.4430, SD = 17.49746) and maximum immediately after the training group (Mean = 96.5443, SD = 25.42322). But after one month, knowledge decreased; however, it was more than pre-training Knowledge (Mean = 84.4937, SD = 22.40313).

CONCLUSIONS:
Annual educational/training modules help retain knowledge in hospital infection control practices and HAI prevention. All healthcare workers need regular training.
Comparative impact of yoga and ayurveda practice in insomnia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Verma Kanika , Singh Deepeshwar , Srivastava Alok 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Insomnia is connected with a lifted hazard for neurocognitive dysfunction and psychiatric disarranges. Clinical observations of psychosomatic patients indicate that their distorted somatopsychic functioning necessitates their practice of yoga-like therapy. Sleep and its modifications and management have also been explained well in ayurveda. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Yoga and Nasya Karma on the sleep quality, stress, cognitive function, and quality of life of people suffering from acute insomnia.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:
It was an open-label, randomized controlled trial. A total of 120 participants were randomly (computer-generated randomization) equally allocated to three groups, yoga group (G-1), ayurveda group (G-2), and control group (G-3). All the groups were assessed on the first day before the start of the yoga regime and the 48th day. Participants in the study were included in the age group of 18 to 45 years, fulfilling DSM-V criteria for insomnia, physically fit for the yoga module, and Nasya procedure. Outcomes were measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), cognitive failure questionnaire, and WHO Quality of Life Scale-Brief (WHOQOL-Brief). Proportions and frequencies were described for categorical variables and compared using the Chi-square test. ANOVA (one-way) and post hoc analysis, Bonferroni test, were performed for multiple comparisons in groups at a significance level of P < 0.05 using SPSS (23 version).

RESULTS:
A total of 112 participants were analyzed as per protocol analysis. All groups have observed significant mean differences for stress (<0.05) and sleep quality (<0.05). All five aspects of quality of life – general health (<0.05), physical health (<0.01), psychological health (<0.05), social health (<0.05), and environmental health (<0.05) – had a significant mean difference in all three groups. All three aspects of cognitive failure, forgetfulness (<0.05), distractibility (<0.05), and false triggers (<0.01) had a significant mean difference in scores for all three groups.

CONCLUSION:
Yoga practice was effective, followed by ayurveda and the control group in reducing stress and improving sleep, cognitive function, and quality of life.
Lifestyle and preventive behaviors among adults during the early phase of the COVID-19 movement control order (MCO) in Malaysia
Authors: Ithnain Norbaidurah , Kassim Rosnani , Musa Khairul A. , Amirudin Nadia , Suhaimi Saiful A. , Kaundan Manimaran K. , Panting Albeny J. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Enforcement of the movement control order (MCO) in Malaysia caused by COVID-19 impacted people's health, social, behaviors, and economic consequences. Thus, this study aims to identify adults' lifestyle and preventive behaviors during the MCO's early phase.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was conducted in April 2020 using a convenience sampling technique. A total of 9987 adults aged 18 years and above from all over Malaysia participated in the study. The questionnaire was distributed through online platforms, such as Facebook, Telegram, WhatsApp, and the official website. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were used to describe the categorical data and the independent T-test and one-way ANOVA tests were performed to compare continuous variables between two or more groups. The level of statistical significance was set at P < .05.

RESULTS:
Selangor showed the highest participation (28.4%) and most of the respondents were females (68.2%), married (67.8%), and aged between 36 and 45 years old (34.1%). This study found that 10.3% were smokers, and 46.7% of the smokers intended to quit smoking. Most respondents took their three main meals daily (72.4%), but not even half completed daily food groups (45.1%). The frequent activities were internet surfing (18.8%) and house chores (18.2%). Almost 98% of the respondents agreed to implement preventive behaviors. This study also revealed that attitudes toward preventive behaviors significantly differed across genders, age groups, categories of marital status, and monthly income categories (P < .05). Furthermore, regarding readiness for behavior change after MCO end, only gender shows a significance difference (P < .05).

CONCLUSION:
This study shed light on understanding public behavior during the early phase of the pandemic that may significantly impact public health in designing relevant regulations and policies to reduce the spread of COVID-19 infections and preparing strategies for future outbreaks or pandemics. As COVID-19 evolves, continuous efforts to promote positive behavioral changes in lifestyle and preventive behavior are needed to ensure the public practices a healthy lifestyle and complies with pandemic preventive measures.
Psychosocial distress, perceived social support, and coping in women survivors of domestic violence seeking help from a women's helpline in urban India
Authors: Jyothsna K. A. , Shetty Kannappa V. , Kumar Sanjeev , Baruah Upasana , Jyothi H. P , Amritha K. S. , Sachetha G. M. 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Domestic violence against women is a worldwide phenomenon and a major public health concern. The adverse effects on the physical and mental health of the women survivors of domestic violence are influenced by various psychosocial factors. This study aimed to understand psychological distress, perceived social support, and coping strategies among women survivors of domestic violence and its implications.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
It is a cross-sectional study conducted with 30 women survivors of domestic violence from urban Bengaluru who were registered with a women's helpline. Data were collected using a socio-demographic schedule, a self-reporting questionnaire assessing psychological distress, perceived social support scale, and ways of coping scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS:
Psychological distress was the highest among participants facing violence due to perpetrator using alcohol (M = 11.6, SD = 3.9) and (M = 11.73, SD = 3.5) dowry harassment. Perceived social support from family (M = 14.76, SD = 4.54) and friends (M = 11.85, SD = 4.7) was the highest among participants who reported that alcohol use was not a reason for violence.

CONCLUSION:
It can be noticed that alcohol use, dowry harassment, and poor coping strategies were the main reasons for domestic violence, which has led to severe psychosocial distress among the women survivors.
Investigating the relationship between religious orientation and spiritual intelligence with general health dimensions in women with breast cancer
Authors: Noroozi Mahnaz , Mohebbi-Dehnavi Zahra 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second leading cause of death among women. Religion and spiritual behaviors are effective strategies for maintaining human health. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between religious orientation and spiritual intelligence with general health dimensions in women with breast cancer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The present study is a correlational study that was performed on 50 women with breast cancer referred to medical centers affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2020. Data were collected through questionnaires of religious orientation, spiritual intelligence, and general health. Data were analyzed by Spearman and regression tests.

RESULTS:
The results showed that religious orientation had a significant positive relationship with the overall score of general health, but the components of religious orientation had a significant negative relationship with the number of components of public health (p < 0.05). Spiritual intelligence also had a significant positive relationship with general health. However, the number of components of spiritual intelligence has a significant negative relationship with the number of components of general health (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
Considering the relationship between religious orientation and spiritual intelligence with public health and considering educational programs based on spiritual intelligence and religious orientation in this group of people can be an important step in promoting their general health.
Isfahan general dentist's awareness, attitude, and performance regarding prescription of new caries prevention materials containing calcium and fluoride components
Authors: Nilchian Firouzeh , Ataie Zahra , Azadi Sakineh 
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND:
Fluoride Ion can cause remineralization of primary caries lesions in the presence of calcium and phosphate. New compounds of calcium-containing casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), make the remineralization more effective. This research has been done to evaluate the awareness, attitude, and performance of Isfahan general dentists regarding the prescription of new caries prevention materials containing calcium and fluoride components.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This cross-sectional-descriptive-analytic study has been conducted on 152 general dentists in Isfahan ensuring confidentiality of information and obtaining informed consent. Isfahan general dental offices and clinics were selected using a simple random method. Data of this research were collected using a questionnaire from previous studies. The questions were divided into four sections, including demographic information, awareness, attitude, and performance towards products containing calcium and fluoride prescription. The significance level of P was considered 0.05. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, T statistical test, Pearson correlation coefficient, and one-way analysis of variance.

RESULTS:
The mean score for dentists awareness was 46.3 (standard deviation [SD] = 15.4), the mean score of attitude was 91.4 (SD = 26.1) and the Mean Score of performance was 54.3 (SD = 27.3) (the scores range from 0 to 100). According to the Pearson correlation coefficient, there was no significant relationship between dentists' awareness, attitude besides performance, and their ages together with dentistry work experiences (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
According to the study results, dentists' awareness of compounds containing CPP-ACP is overall average. However, attending to their positive attitudes toward this context, providing appropriate training programs seem to stimulate them for optimum cooperation as well as using these products for patients.