bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Toward an intersectional equity approach in social–ecological transformations
Authors: Sánchez-García Paula Andrea , Jónás Krisztina , Pellowe Kara E. , Ekström Hanna , Scheuermann Mary , Loft Lasse 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Non-technical summary
Ensuring more equitable transformations requires addressing how different contextual dimensions of identity, such as gender and class, hinder equity. However, previous analyses on equity have addressed these dimensions separately. We suggest advancing beyond these methods by integrating intersectional analysis into the distributive, procedural, and recognition aspects of equity when examining social–ecological transformations. A review of 37 studies on social–ecological transformation shows that social–ecological transformation scholars commonly addressed social, spatial, and environmental transformations. In contrast, few studies have gone into depth in analyzing the reasons for power imbalances. We encourage scholars to use critical questions to reflect on social–ecological transformations collectively.

Technical summary
Ensuring equity in social–ecological transformations involves understanding how aspects of identity – such as gender, age, and class – affect experiences on the path to sustainability. Previous studies have often focused on one dimension of difference, but an intersectionality framework is essential for recognizing interconnected identities. In this paper, we review 37 empirical studies on social–ecological transformations, identifying key assets of transformation, including economic, social, cultural, political, spatial, environmental, and knowledge-based assets. We apply an analytical framework based on intersectional equity, incorporating intersectionality in equity analysis, which examines how power dynamics contribute to inequities in distribution, procedure, and recognition. Our findings show that social, spatial, and environmental assets of transformation are the most frequently mentioned in our sampled literature, together with benefits, costs, inclusiveness, and knowledge of equity dimensions. Power imbalances occurred the most often, while different aspects of identity were mentioned only in two-thirds of the studies. We believe an intersectional equity approach will help better conceptualize transformation concerning (in)equity. Based on our reflections, we suggest critical questions encouraging scholars to evaluate them iteratively with an interdisciplinary group.

Social media summary
An intersectional equity approach is key to just social–ecological transformations. We review 37 studies to show why.
Characterizing Compound Inland Flooding Mechanisms and Risks in North America Under Climate Change
Authors: Fereshtehpour Mohammad , Najafi Mohammad Reza , Cannon Alex J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCompound inland flooding (CIF) arises from the concurrent interaction of multiple hydrometeorological drivers. In this study, we characterize key CIF events across North America, including two preconditioned events, rain‐on‐snow (ROS) and saturation excess flooding (SEF) for historical baseline conditions and global warming levels of 1.5, 2, and 4°C relative to the preindustrial level. Utilizing the high emission climate scenario (RCP8.5) from CanRCM4‐LE with 50 members, the frequency and seasonality of compound events, along with the probability of these events leading to heavy runoff, and the relative role of external forcing and internal climate variability are assessed. We convert the identified hazards into risk levels by integrating them with exposure and vulnerability components. The results suggest that as global temperatures increase, the overall role of ROS events in causing significant runoff is projected to decrease compared to individual heavy rainfall. Concurrently, the impact of SEF occurrences is projected to become more pronounced. The signal‐to‐noise ratio highlights a high‐confidence change signal for CIF events; however, uncertainty related to internal climate variability in future projections of joint probability with heavy runoff is more pronounced. These results underscore the need to consider compound mechanisms, dynamics, and risks associated with CIFs within systematic approaches to flood risk management.
Characterizing Aerosol Optical Properties and Direct Radiative Effects From the Perspective of Components: A Synergy Retrieval Study Based on Sun Photometer and Lidar in Central China
Authors: Jin Shikuan , Ma Yingying , Li Hui , Liu Boming , Fan Ruonan , Zhang Ming , Lopatin Anton , Dubovik Oleg , Hu Xiuqing , Gong Wei , Wang Lunche 
Published: February 2025

AbstractExploring various properties of aerosols can help to better understand global climate changes, emissions, and environment. In this study, a synergy observation experiment from sun photometer and Lidar was carried out to reveal aerosol optical properties and direct radiative effect (DARE) in Central China from the novel perspective of aerosol components. Our results showed that the annual mass concentration of black carbon (BC) was low (2.49 mg/m2), but having large heating effect with the DARE of 9.27 W/m2 at the top of atmosphere. The brown carbon was found highest in summer (0.52 mg/m2) and its annual DARE was 0.10 W/m2, close to the average of China. Additionally, retrieved columnar concentration of BC had the same magnitude with the MEERA‐2 product, and showed better results at the surface (R = 0.56) because the considering of aerosol vertical profiles. This study showed the significance of exploring expanded aerosol information from observations.
Bacteria encode post-mortem protein catabolism that enables altruistic nutrient recycling
Authors: Gibson Savannah E. R. , Frost Isabella , Hierons Stephen J. , Moses Tessa , Poon Wilson C. K. , West Stuart A. , Cann Martin J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bacterial death is critical in nutrient recycling. However, the underlying mechanisms that permit macromolecule recycling after bacterial death are largely unknown. We demonstrate that bacteria encode post-mortem protein catabolism via Lon protease released from the dead bacteria. Growth assays reveal that the lysate of Lon protease-null bacteria does not provide a growth benefit to wild type cells. This deficiency is reversed with exogenous recombinant Lon protease, confirming its post-mortem role and is independent of Lon ATPase activity. Biochemistry, growth assays and metabolomics demonstrate that Lon protease facilitates peptide nutrient release, benefitting living cells and acting as a cooperative public good. We also show that the production of Lon protease cannot be explained by a personal benefit to living cells. Although Lon protease can also provide a benefit to living cells under stressful conditions by helping control protein quality, this private benefit does not outweigh the cost under the conditions examined. These results suggest that Lon protease represents a post-mortem adaptation that can potentially be explained by considering the post-mortem indirect benefit to other cells (kin selection). This discovery highlights an unexpected post-mortem biochemistry, reshaping our understanding of nutrient recycling.
Direct air capture of CO2 for solar fuel production in flow
Authors: Kar Sayan , Kim Dongseok , Bin Mohamad Annuar Ariffin , Sarma Bidyut Bikash , Stanton Michael , Lam Erwin , Bhattacharjee Subhajit , Karak Suvendu , Greer Heather F. , Reisner Erwin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Direct air capture is an emerging technology to decrease atmospheric CO2 levels, but it is currently costly and the long-term consequences of CO2 storage are uncertain. An alternative approach is to utilize atmospheric CO2 on-site to produce value-added renewable fuels, but current CO2 utilization technologies predominantly require a concentrated CO2 feed or high temperature. Here we report a gas-phase dual-bed direct air carbon capture and utilization flow reactor that produces syngas (CO + H2) through on-site utilization of air-captured CO2 using light without requiring high temperature or pressure. The reactor consists of a bed of solid silica-amine adsorbent to capture aerobic CO2 and produce CO2-free air; concentrated light is used to release the captured CO2 and convert it to syngas over a bed of a silica/alumina-titania-cobalt bis(terpyridine) molecular–semiconductor photocatalyst. We use the oxidation of depolymerized poly(ethylene terephthalate) plastics as the counter-reaction. We envision this technology to operate in a diurnal fashion where CO2 is captured during night-time and converted to syngas under concentrated sunlight during the day.
Comparative analysis of the Mexico City Prospective Study and the UK Biobank identifies ancestry-specific effects on clonal hematopoiesis
Authors: Wen Sean , Kuri-Morales Pablo , Hu Fengyuan , Nag Abhishek , Tachmazidou Ioanna , Deevi Sri V. V. , Taiy Haeyam , Smith Katherine R. , Loesch Douglas P. , Burren Oliver S. , Dhindsa Ryan S. , Wasilewski Sebastian , Alegre-Díaz Jesus , Berumen Jaime , Emberson Jonathan , Torres Jason M. , Collins Rory , Carss Keren , Wang Quanli , Petrovski Slavé , Tapia-Conyer Roberto , Fabre Margarete A. , Harper Andrew R. , Vassiliou George S. , Mitchell Jonathan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The impact of genetic ancestry on the development of clonal hematopoiesis (CH) remains largely unexplored. Here, we compared CH in 136,401 participants from the Mexico City Prospective Study (MCPS) to 416,118 individuals from the UK Biobank (UKB) and observed CH to be significantly less common in MCPS compared to UKB (adjusted odds ratio = 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.57, 0.61], P = 7.31 × 10−185). Among MCPS participants, CH frequency was positively correlated with the percentage of European ancestry (adjusted beta = 0.84, 95% CI = [0.66, 1.03], P = 7.35 × 10−19). Genome-wide and exome-wide association analyses in MCPS identified ancestry-specific variants in the TCL1B locus with opposing effects on DNMT3A-CH versus non-DNMT3A-CH. Meta-analysis of MCPS and UKB identified five novel loci associated with CH, including polymorphisms at PARP11/CCND2, MEIS1 and MYCN. Our CH study, the largest in a non-European population to date, demonstrates the power of cross-ancestry comparisons to derive novel insights into CH pathogenesis.
Molecular interactions, structural effects, and binding affinities between silver ions (Ag+) and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptides
Authors: Lakela Amanda L. , Berntsson Elina , Vosough Faraz , Jarvet Jüri , Paul Suman , Barth Andreas , Gräslund Astrid , Roos Per M. , Wärmländer Sebastian K. T. S. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Because silver is toxic to microbes, but not considered toxic to humans, the metal has been used as an antimicrobial agent since ancient times. Today, silver nanoparticles and colloidal silver are used for antibacterial purposes, and silver-peptide and similar complexes are being developed as therapeutic agents. Yet, the health effects of silver exposure are not fully understood, nor are the molecular details of silver-protein interactions. In Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia worldwide, amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides aggregate to form soluble oligomers that are neurotoxic. Here, we report that monovalent silver ions (Ag+) bind wildtype Aβ40 peptides with a binding affinity of 25 ± 12 µM in MES buffer at 20 °C. Similar binding affinities are observed for wt Aβ40 peptides bound to SDS micelles, for an Aβ40(H6A) mutant, and for a truncated Aβ(4–40) variant containing an ATCUN (Amino Terminal Cu and Ni) motif. Weaker Ag+ binding is observed for the wt Aβ40 peptide at acidic pH, and for an Aβ40 mutant without histidines. These results are compatible with Ag+ ions binding to the N-terminal segment of Aβ peptides with linear bis-his coordination. Because the Ag+ ions do not induce any changes in the size or structure of Aβ42 oligomers, we suggest that Ag+ ions have a minor influence on Aβ toxicity.
Periodic expression of Per1 gene is restored in chipmunk liver during interbout arousal in mammalian hibernation
Authors: Nakamaru Erina , Seki Kota , Shirahata Yuiho , Adachi Megumi , Sakabe Nene , Matsuo Takuya , Tsukamoto Daisuke , Takamatsu Nobuhiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Circadian rhythms play an important role in many physiological processes. We have previously reported that no periodic fluctuation in the Bmal1 mRNA is observed in the liver of the chipmunk, a mammalian hibernator, in the hibernation season, suggesting that peripheral circadian clocks are not functional during hibernation. In contrast, the Per2 mRNA levels are transiently increased by elevated body temperature during interbout arousal and showed periodic fluctuations in the hibernation season, suggesting that periodic expression of the Per2 mRNA may be restored during interbout arousal. In the present study, we analyzed Per1 gene expression in the chipmunk liver. The Per1 mRNA showed circadian fluctuations with a peak during the late sleep period in the non-hibernation season and periodic fluctuations with a peak during the early interbout arousal in the hibernation season. In both the non-hibernation and hibernation seasons, Per1 gene expression was phase-advanced relative to Per2 gene expression, and the phase relationship between the two genes was maintained, suggesting that for some genes, periodic gene expression, similar to circadian expression in the non-hibernation season, may be restored during interbout arousal. Interestingly, Per1 gene transcription was differentially activated by BMAL1 in the non-hibernation season and possibly by CREB1 in the hibernation season.
YmoA functions as a molecular stress sensor in Yersinia
Authors: Héchard Tifaine , Lu Lu , Edgren Tomas , Celestine Chi , Wang Helen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria sense and respond to environmental fluctuations, a capability essential for establishing successful infections. The YmoA/Hha protein family are conserved transcription regulators in Enterobacteriaceae, playing a critical role in these responses. Specifically, YmoA in Yersinia adjusts the expression of virulence-associated traits upon temperature shift. Still, the molecular mechanisms transducing environmental signals through YmoA remain elusive. Our study employs nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, biological assays and RNA-seq analysis to elucidate these mechanisms. We demonstrate that YmoA undergoes structural fluctuations and conformational dynamics in response to temperature and osmolarity changes, correlating with changes in plasmid copy number, bacterial fitness and virulence function. Notably, chemical shift analysis identifies key roles of a few specific residues and of the C-terminus region in sensing both temperature and salt-driven switch. These findings demonstrate that YmoA acts as a central stress sensor in Yersinia, fine-tuning virulence gene expression and balancing metabolic trade-offs.
An analysis on the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in cognitive and mental health disorders
Authors: De Giorgi Riccardo , Ghenciulescu Ana , Dziwisz Oliwia , Taquet Maxime , Adler Amanda I. , Koychev Ivan , Upthegrove Rachel , Solmi Marco , McCutcheon Robert , Pillinger Toby , Cowen Philip J. , Harmer Catherine J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are novel drugs approved for diabetes and obesity. They are acknowledged as a major scientific breakthrough. In addition to their metabolic effects, these medications act on other bodily systems involved in the physiopathology of various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Several stakeholders are calling for more research to investigate the repurposing potential of GLP-1RAs in cognitive and mental disorders, while others advocate for a better assessment of their safety profile from a neuropsychiatric perspective. In this Analysis, we searched for relevant literature on the effects of GLP-1RAs across a range of illnesses, gathering and describing the available pre-clinical and mechanistic (278 studies) and clinical (96 studies) evidence for cognitive disorders, substance-use disorders, psychotic disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and others. By leveraging translational insights from these data, we consider potential implications for clinical practice and propose avenues for further research.
The barley MLA13-AVRA13 heterodimer reveals principles for immunoreceptor recognition of RNase-like powdery mildew effectors
Authors: Lawson Aaron W , Flores-Ibarra Andrea , Cao Yu , An Chunpeng , Neumann Ulla , Gunkel Monika , Saur Isabel M L , Chai Jijie , Behrmann Elmar , Schulze-Lefert Paul 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Co-evolution between cereals and pathogenic grass powdery mildew fungi is exemplified by sequence diversification of an allelic series of barley resistance genes encoding Mildew Locus A (MLA) nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immunoreceptors with an N-terminal coiled-coil domain (CNLs). Each immunoreceptor recognises a matching, strain-specific powdery mildew effector encoded by an avirulence gene (AVR

a
). We present here the cryo-EM structure of barley MLA13 in complex with its cognate effector AVRA13-1. The effector adopts an RNase-like fold when bound to MLA13 in planta, similar to crystal structures of other RNase-like AVRA effectors unbound to receptors. AVRA13-1 interacts via its basal loops with MLA13 C-terminal leucine-rich repeats (LRRs) and the central winged helix domain (WHD). Co-expression of structure-guided MLA13 and AVRA13-1 substitution variants show that the receptor–effector interface plays an essential role in mediating immunity-associated plant cell death. Furthermore, by combining structural information from the MLA13–AVRA13-1 heterocomplex with sequence alignments of other MLA receptors, we engineered a single amino acid substitution in MLA7 that enables expanded effector detection of AVRA13-1 and the virulent variant AVRA13-V2. In contrast to the pentameric conformation of previously reported effector-activated CNL resistosomes, MLA13 was purified and resolved as a stable heterodimer from an in planta expression system. Our study suggests a common structural principle for RNase-like effector binding to MLAs and highlights the utility of structure-guided engineering of plant immune receptors for broadening their pathogen effector recognition capabilities.
Photo-response performance regulation of a type-Ib diamond-based photodetector by H2 annealing and ozone treatment
Authors: Gu Keyun , Zhang Zilong , Ohsawa Takeo , Imura Masataka , Huang Jian , Koide Yasuo , Liao Meiyong 
Published: February 2025

We demonstrate that the photoresponse properties such as the responsivity and response time of diamond PDs can be obtained through ambient H2 annealing and a surface ozone treatment process.
Planar coil optimization for the Eos stellarator using sparse regression
Authors: Wu Ryan , Kruger Thomas , Swanson Charles 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
A challenge in the design of stellarators for confining plasma at conditions relevant to fusion energy generation is designing a feasible set of magnetic field coils which can create the necessary confining field. One active direction of investigation involves the creation of a set of simplified planar coils to approximate the desired magnetic field, split between large plasma encircling coils which generate the majority of the field and small shaping coils near the plasma surface which correct remaining errors in the field geometry. The problem of optimizing currents in these coils is inherently ill-posed due to the Biot–Savart Law. In this work, the problem of optimizing the current distribution of the shaping coils is posed as a sparse regression to minimize coil count while targeting

B
n

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B

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n

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, a metric of confinement quality, as a least-squares objective. The goal is to improve manufacturability and conductor efficiency by using fewer coils at higher currents. Using an ensemble of sparse optimization algorithms such as LASSO, relax-and-split, and heuristic methods, Pareto fronts between coil sparsity and Bn
properties are identified. Differences between the optimization algorithms are evaluated, demonstrating up to 20% reductions in mean Bn
at the same sparsity compared to a previously used heuristic method. The perturbation sensitivity of the sparse solutions to manufacturing misalignment is also evaluated. The results from the study demonstrate the potential and diversity of sparse optimization strategies in stellarator coil design problems.
Platform for detecting, managing, and manipulating characteristic points of the ECG waves through continuous wavelet transform implementation
Authors: Martínez-Suárez Frank , Alvarado-Serrano Carlos , Casas Oscar 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This work presents open-source software that incorporates detection and delineation algorithms of characteristic points of QRS complexes and P and T waves in ECG recordings. The tool facilitates the identification of significant points in the ECG waves, allowing manual correction of the results based on user criteria, exporting the detected points, and a simultaneous visualization of the recordings and the obtained points. The main objective is to improve the management of long- and short-term recordings by reducing detection errors caused by noise, interference, and artifacts, while also providing the capability for manual results correction. To achieve these objectives, the software uses an SQL Server database, which efficiently manages the data, and detection and delineation algorithms based on the continuous wavelet transform with splines, along with alternatives to optimize processing time. The QRS complex detection algorithm was validated in a previous work with the manually annotated ECG databases: MIT-BIH Arrhythmia, European ST-T, and QT. The QRS detector obtained a Se = 99.91% and a P+ = 99.62% on the first channel of the MIT-BIH, ST-T and QT databases over the 986,930 QRS complexes analyzed. To evaluate the delineation algorithms of the characteristic points of QRS, P and T waves, the QT and PTB databases were used. The mean and standard deviations of the differences between the automatic and manual annotations by CSE experts were calculated. The mean errors range obtained was smaller than one sample (4 ms) to around two samples (8 ms); and the mean standard deviations range was around of two samples (8 ms) to six samples (24 ms).
HaMP: a proactive hash-based framework for manipulation localization
Authors: Pan Haojie , Li Xinyan , Sun Liming 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With the continuous advancement of image tampering techniques, traditional hash-based tampering detection algorithms face numerous challenges, particularly in handling complex tampering types and achieving object-level precise localization. Existing methods often rely on manually designed features, resulting in forensic hashes that lack sufficient detail and fail to capture the fine-grained information needed for accurate localization. To address these limitations, HaMP, a novel hash-based proactive tampering localization method, is proposed. HaMP introduces a Hash Construction Module (HCM) capable of generating compact yet information-rich image hashes. By integrating multi-scale feature extraction, the HCM produces robust global representations of the image. For precise tampering localization, the proposed Localization Module (LM) refines these representations by leveraging hash differences and multi-scale features. This enables accurate detection of tampered regions, even in the presence of subtle modifications. Experimental results demonstrate that HaMP significantly outperforms traditional methods, showcasing enhanced robustness, accuracy, and generalization across multiple datasets.