bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of telomeres in peripheral blood cells from patients with bone marrow failure
Authors: Pavesi Elisa , Avondo Federica , Aspesi Anna , Quarello Paola , Rocci Alberto , Vimercati Chiara , Pigullo Simona , Dufour Carlo , Ramenghi Ugo , Dianzani Irma 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBackgroundThe determination of telomere length is useful for the characterization of dyskeratosis congenita (DC) and of aplastic anemias (AA) as well as hematological malignancies. Short telomeres result from a specific defect of telomere maintenance in DC and likely from higher cellular turnover in AA and hematological malignancies. Data are not conclusive for Diamond‐Blackfan anemia (DBA), a pure erythroid aplasia due to defects of ribosomal proteins. Our aim was to evaluate the utility of a qPCR method for telomere length assessment to evaluate the diagnostic contribution of telomere measurement in bone marrow failure syndromes (BMFS).ProcedureTelomere length was evaluated by qPCR in peripheral blood cells from 95 normal individuals and 62 patients with BMFS, including 45 patients with DBA.ResultsResults obtained with qPCR are comparable with other quantitative methods, such as flow‐FISH and Southern blotting. Our data show that only one DBA patient and a minority of other BMFS patients have very short telomeres, defined as less than the 1st percentile of controls.ConclusionsThe qPCR method for telomere length evaluation is an easy alternative to other methods and may thus be valuable in a clinical hematological laboratory setting. Telomere maintenance does not seem to be involved in the pathogenesis of DBA unlike in other BMFSs. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:411–416. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Medulloblastoma in a child with down syndrome: Long‐term remission with multimodality treatment
Authors: Benesch Martin , Moser Andrea , Sovinz Petra , Lackner Herwig , Schwinger Wolfgang , Eder Hans , Urban Christian 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA 4¾‐year‐old male with Down syndrome (DS) presented with unsteady gait and fatigue. Neuroimaging revealed a cerebellar mass with concomitant obstructive hydrocephalus and additional metastatic lesions. He was successfully treated and is still in complete remission 5 years from diagnosis. The present case illustrates that, although not yet reported, medulloblastoma can also occur in patients with DS. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:1150–1151. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The influence of maternal opiate use in pregnancy on second trimester biochemical markers for Down syndrome
Authors: Scott G. J. , Holding S. , Purcell A. , Tutty S. , Lindow S. W. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectiveThe object of this study is to examine the influence of maternal opiate use on the levels of second trimester biochemical markers for Down syndrome. Maternal opiate use is known to be associated with problems of placental origin and it is possible that the secretion of alpha‐feto protein (AFP), free‐beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and unconjugated oestriol (UE) differs from that of a normal population.MethodSeventy nine women who used opiates in pregnancy were compared to a control group of seventy nine women who did not use opiates and their adjusted marker levels analysed.ResultsThe adjusted median MoM in the opiate and control groups respectively were: AFP (1.00 vs 0.94), HCG (0.95 vs 1.04) and UE (0.96 vs 1.02), with no significant difference between these groups.ConclusionThis study suggests that the current practice of calculating the risk of Down syndrome from second trimester biochemistry in women using opiate can be performed using data derived from a normal population. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gibbs energy of cooperative hydrogen‐bonding interactions in aqueous solutions of amines and pyridines
Authors: Solomonov Boris N. , Sedov Igor A. , Akhmadiyarov Aydar A. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA method to determine the Gibbs energy of specific (hydrogen bonding) interactions of a solute with water is proposed. The energies of hydrogen bonding in bulk water are very difficult to determine by any method. The Gibbs energy of hydration of substances forming hydrogen bonds with water is considered as the sum of contributions due to non‐specific interactions, the hydrophobic effect, and specific interactions. The first two terms were found to be rather accurately described by empirical equations. The Gibbs energies of hydrogen bonding of aliphatic amines and pyridines in bulk water are determined, and the results are compared with the energies of their complexes with one molecule of water. The cooperativity of hydrogen bonding is proved in aqueous solutions of amines and pyridines. To use our equations, experimental values of the Gibbs energies of solvation in 'standard' solvents need to be known. The Gibbs energies of solvation of ten amines and pyridines in dimethyl sulfoxide are determined experimentally using chromatographic head space analysis. The tendencies observed for the series of amines and pyridines are in agreement with other studies. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Targeting of prostate cancer cells by a cytotoxic lentiviral vector containing a prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) promoter
Authors: Petrigliano Frank A. , Virk Mandeep S. , Liu Nancy , Sugiyama Osamu , Yu Duan , Lieberman Jay R. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe efficacy of prostate cancer gene therapy is limited by the inefficiency of prostate‐specific promoters as compared to ubiquitous viral promoters. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the specificity and efficacy of a lentiviral vector driven by a PSCA promoter.METHODSProstate cancer (LNCap, C42‐B, and LAPC‐4) and non‐prostate cancer (HeLa, MB231, and MCF‐7) cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector expressing either the luciferase or the HSV‐TK suicide gene and driven by a short PSCA promoter. Specificity and efficacy were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.RESULTSLuciferase expression was only detected in prostate cancer cells and was comparable to the universal CMV promoter. Luciferase expression in prostate cancer cells cultured with androgen was higher than that in cells cultured without androgen. In subsequent cytotoxicity experiments in which the luciferase marker gene was replaced with the HSV‐TK gene, the lentiviral vector harboring the PSCA promoter induced cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cell lines while demonstrating a minimal effect on non‐prostate cells. Cellular toxicity was correlated to increasing concentrations of the prodrug ganciclovir. Androgen had a positive effect on the cytotoxicity of this lentiviral construct. Intratumoral injection of prostate cancer xenografts with the lentiviral construct induced tumor growth inhibition versus saline controls.CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that a lentiviral gene therapy vector driven by a short PSCA promoter can induce prostate‐specific cellular toxicity in vivo and in vitro and may provide a strategy to selectively treat local and advanced metastatic prostate cancer. Prostate 69: 1422–1434, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic plasmon‐polaritons in negative‐index metallic antiferromagnets
Authors: Tarkhanyan Roland H. , Niarchos Dimitris G. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA simple model is proposed for understanding of the main properties of backward electromagnetic waves in conducting antiferromagnetic crystals in the presence of an external magnetic field. Necessary conditions are found for realization of the negative refraction in the case of the Voigt geometry and the corresponding frequency regions are determined. It is shown that the behavior of the waves in various ranges of the magnetic field is quite different, and both the number and the limits of the frequency ranges, where the material behaves as an absolute left‐handed medium, are very sensitive to the strength of the field. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
The total energy splitting of ionic eigenstates in the axial crystal fields
Authors: Mulak Jacek , Mulak Maciej 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe relationship between the energy total splitting ΔE of the free‐ion electron states in the axial crystal‐fields and the second moment of that splitting σ2 is thoroughly investigated. The non‐Kramers and Kramers states with the quantum number 1 ≤ J ≤ 8 in the axial crystal‐fields of any multipolar composition but fixed σ2 are considered. Since the crystal‐field Hamiltonian ℋ︁CF is a superposition of the three effective multipoles various ΔE can correspond to a fixed σ2 according to the resultant combination of the independent contributions. This ΔE variation range is the subject of the study. For the states under examination ΔE can take the values from 2.00σ to 3.75σ, whereas the difference ΔEmax – ΔEmin, except the states with J ≤ 5/2, amounts roughly to σ.For comparison, the one‐multipolar ℋ︁CFs yield accurately defined ΔE ranging from 2.50σ to 3.00σ. The limitations of the allowed ΔE values exclude rigorously a number of virtually possible splitting diagrams. The documentary evidence for this restriction has been supplied in the paper collating the nominally admissible total energy splittings Δℰ (i.e. those preserving the σ2) with the (ΔEmin, ΔEmax) ranges occurring in the actual axial crystal‐fields. Although the ΔE unlike the σ2 is not an essential characteristic and depends on the reference frame orientation, it is useful to know its dispersion range, particularly attempting to assign or verify complex electron spectra. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Theoretical studies of EPR g ‐factors and microstructure of the two tetragonal palladium centers in silver chloride
Authors: Feng W. L. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe EPR g ‐factors g∥, g⊥ for two tetragonal Pd+ impurity centers (i.e. Pd+ I and II centers) in AgCl crystal are calculated by using the high‐order perturbation formulas of EPR parameters for the 4d9 ion in tetragonal symmetry with the ground state |dx 2–y 2〉. Based on the calculations, the defect models for the two centers are suggested as a substitutional Ag+ ion with (PdCl6)5– or the [(PdCl6)5– – VAg+] cluster. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
High‐throughput approaches towards the definitive identification of pharmaceutical drug metabolites. 2. An example of how unexpected dissociation behaviour could preclude correct assignment of sites of metabolism
Authors: Holman Stephen W. , Wright Patricia , Langley G. John 
Published: June 2009

AbstractS‐oxidation is a common metabolic route for sulfur‐containing compounds. Whilst investigating the dissociation of a series of chemically synthesised model S‐oxide metabolites, two unexpected losses of 62 m/z units were observed in the collision‐induced dissociation (CID) product ion spectrum of protonated 3‐dimethylaminomethyl‐4‐(4‐methanesulfinyl‐3‐methylphenoxy)benzenesulfonamide. A single loss was initially assigned using the low‐resolution product ion spectrum, acquired by electrospray ionisation quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry (ESI‐QIT‐MS), as methanethial, S‐oxide via a charge‐remote, four‐centred rearrangement. This assignment was consistent with well‐documented hydrogen rearrangements in the literature. Further, the loss was not observed for the parent compound. Thus, it was inferred that the site of metabolism was involved in the dissociation and the attractive nature of the four‐centred rearrangement meant that the loss of methanethial, S‐oxide was a logical assignment. However, deuterium‐labelling experiments and accurate mass measurements, performed using electrospray ionisation Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (ESI‐FT‐ICR‐MS), showed that the nominal loss of 62 m/z units occurs via two distinct dissociation pathways. Neither of these losses was of methanethial, S‐oxide as initially hypothesised from the low‐resolution product ion spectrum of the protonated molecule. Mechanisms consistent with the experimental findings are postulated. An MS3 spectrum of the fully exchanged, deuterated species supported the proposed mechanisms by suggesting that 3‐dimethylaminomethyl‐4‐(4‐methanesulfinyl‐3‐methylphenoxy)benzenesulfonamide has multiple sites of protonation in the gas phase. The planar structures of the posited product ions are likely to provide the driving force for the rearrangements. The relevance of the observations with regards to pharmaceutical drug metabolite identification is discussed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
δ13C,δ15N andδ2H isotope ratio mass spectrometry of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine: application to methylamphetamine profiling
Authors: Collins Michael , Cawley Adam T. , Heagney Aaron C. , Kissane Luke , Robertson James , Salouros Helen 
Published: June 2009

AbstractConventional chemical profiling of methylamphetamine has been used for many years to determine the synthetic route employed and where possible to identify the precursor chemicals used. In this study stable isotope ratio analysis was investigated as a means of determining the origin of the methylamphetamine precursors, ephedrine and pseudoephedrine. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine may be prepared industrially by several routes. Results are presented for the stable isotope ratios of carbon (δ13C), nitrogen (δ15N) and hydrogen (δ2H) measured in methylamphetamine samples synthesized from ephedrine and pseudoephedrine of known provenance. It is clear from the results that measurement of theδ13C,δ15N andδ2H stable isotope ratios by elemental analyzer/thermal conversion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA/TC‐IRMS) in high‐purity methylamphetamine samples will allow determination of the synthetic source of the ephedrine or pseudoephedrine precursor as being either of a natural, semi‐synthetic, or fully synthetic origin. Copyright © 2009 Commonwealth of Australia. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Microstructure and interfacial adhesion of high velocity oxy‐fuel‐sprayed MoB–CoCr alloy coating on 316L stainless steel
Authors: Lv Heping , Nie Pulin , Yan Yonggen , Wang Jun , Sun Baode 
Published: June 2009

AbstractIn this article, a newly developed MoB–CoCr alloy coating was deposited on 316L stainless steel substrate by high velocity oxy‐fuel thermal spraying process. The microstructures and interfacial adhesion of the alloy coating were determined by scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction and three‐point bending. The results show that the coating consisted of ternary transition metal boride matrix phases (CoMo2B2, CoMoB) and a little amount of binary borides (MoB and CrB), the former composed of partially amorphous phase. The formation of the amorphous phase was attributed to the high cooling rates of molten droplets and the proper powder compositions. In the interfacial adhesion measurement, the delamination of the coating is induced during the three‐point bending test, and the interfacial fracture toughness is analyzed using a finite element analysis model. The critical load is determined by comparing the load versus deflection curves obtained by finite element analysis under assumed no crack conditions with the experimental data, and other inputs are determined by test. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Stretching of Rolling Circle Amplification Products in a Flow‐Through System
Authors: Reiß Edda , Hölzel Ralph , Bier Frank F. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractEnzymatic isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) produces long concatemeric single‐stranded DNA (ssDNA) molecules if a small circular ssDNA molecule is applied as the template. A method is presented here in which the RCA reaction is carried out in a flow‐through system, starting from isolated surface‐tethered DNA primers. This approach combines gentle fluidic handling of the single‐stranded RCA products, such as staining or stretching via a receding meniscus, with the option of simultaneous (fluorescence) microscopic observation. It is shown that the stretched and surface‐attached RCA products are accessible for hybridization of complementary oligonucleotides, which demonstrates their addressability by complementary base pairing. The long RCA products should be well suited to bridge the gap between biomolecular nanoscale building‐blocks and structures at the micro‐ and macroscale, especially at the single‐molecule level presented here.
Facilitation of glutamate release from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminal by subanesthetic concentration propofol
Authors: Lu Cheng‐Wei , Lin Tzu‐Yu , Chiang Han‐Sun , Wang Su‐Jane 
Published: June 2009

AbstractPropofol is now the most commonly used intravenous anesthetic‐for general anesthesia and sedation because of its rapid onset and recovery. Besides the well‐known adverse effects of cardiovascular and respiratory depression, recent studies indicate that propofol may cause excitatory phenomena such as myoclonus, opisthotonus, and even seizure. However, the mechanisms of these excitatory effects of propofol have not been elucidated. Considering glutamate as the principle excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and excessive glutamatergic synaptic transmission can cause seizure, we examined the effect of propofol on the release of glutamate from rat cerebral cortex nerve terminals (synaptosomes). Results showed that subanesthetic concentration propofol facilitated 4‐aminopyridine (4‐AP), but not KCl‐ or ionomycin‐evoked glutamate release from nerve terminals. The facilitation of 4‐AP‐evoked glutamate release by propofol also occurred in the calcium chelation and significantly attenuated by glutamate transporter inhibitors, DL‐threo‐β‐benzyloxyaspartic acid (DL‐TBOA) and L‐trans‐pyrrolidine‐2,4‐dicarboxylic acid (L‐trans‐PDC). In addition, propofol increased 4‐AP‐evoked depolarization of the plasma membrane potential. Furthermore, protein kinase C (PKC) inhibition suppressed propofol‐mediated facilitation of glutamate release. These results suggest that subanesthetic concentration propofol facilitates glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical glutamatergic terminals by increasing nerve terminal excitability, likely through the activation of PKC pathway. This finding may provide an explanation for propofol‐induced excitatory phenomena. Synapse 63:773–781, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Multiplex PCR for detection of microcystins‐producing cyanobacteria from freshwater samples
Authors: Valério Elisabete , Chambel Lélia , Paulino Sérgio , Faria Natália , Pereira Paulo , Tenreiro Rogério 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a PCR‐based method of gene‐directed multiplex PCR to rapidly identify microcystins producing cyanobacteria, regardless of their taxa, that could be applied in routine freshwater monitoring. Instead of using the amplification of only one or two mcy gene fragments, a multiplex PCR that simultaneously amplifies mcyA‐cd, mcyAB, and mcyB fragments of the microcystin gene cluster was validated with DNA from 124 cyanobacterial isolates and applied in 37 environmental samples. The toxicological status of the isolates was assessed by high‐performance liquid chromatography also used as the “gold standard” for the evaluation of multiplex mcy genes‐based PCR, where a sensitivity of 92.3% and a specificity of 100% have been obtained. For the environmental samples, a rapid protocol for their direct use in the PCR reaction has been developed and, by using ELISA results as “gold standard” for the presence of microcystins in these samples, a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100% were achieved, showing that this multiplex PCR test is a rapid, reliable, and economical way of assessing the microcystin‐producing potential of cyanobacteria in freshwaters, regardless of their taxa or microcystins variant produced. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2010.
Systolic myocardial velocity alterations in the growth‐restricted fetus with cerebroplacental redistribution
Authors: Larsen L. U. , Sloth E. , Petersen O. B. , Pedersen T. F. , Sorensen K. , Uldbjerg N. 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectivesIntrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with cerebroplacental redistribution (CPR), fetal stress and poor outcome, all of which may be related to dysfunction of the fetal myocardium. The aim of this study was to specifically assess myocardial function in IUGR fetuses with CPR in comparison with normal fetuses using color Doppler myocardial imaging (CDMI).MethodsCDMI was used to evaluate and compare myocardial velocities in the left and right ventricles in normal fetuses and in IUGR fetuses with CPR. Peak systolic tissue velocities (S′) were acquired from both ventricular free walls in 20 IUGR fetuses (gestational age at scan ranged from 26 + 1 to 34 + 6 weeks, with serial measurements obtained in nine) and 42 normal fetuses (35 at week 28, with the remaining seven undergoing serial scans every 4 weeks, ranging from 18 + 6 to 39 + 1 weeks). Umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA) and ductus venosus (DV) flows were also recorded.ResultsLeft and right S′ increased with gestational age in normal pregnancy. Fetuses with IUGR and CPR had lower left ventricular S′ than normal fetuses (mean, 2.41 (95% CI, 1.96–2.86) cm/s vs. 3.30 (95% CI, 3.05–3.55) cm/s; P = 0.0006). This reduction in S′ correlated with the grade of UA flow abnormality (P = 0.0002). Fetuses with reversed diastolic UA flow had significantly lower left S′ (mean, 2.0 (95% CI, 1.4–2.6) cm/s; P = 0.001) than normal fetuses. There was no correlation between left S′ and MCA pulsatility index (P = 0.37) in the IUGR‐CPR group, but there was a reduction in S′ approaching statistical significance in fetuses with reversed DV flow in comparison to those without it (P = 0.09). Right S′ was similar in the two study groups and did not correlate with worsening UA flow class. All fetuses with a left S′ below 1.6 cm/s and reversed UA flow died in the perinatal period.ConclusionsCDMI facilitates acquisition of fetal myocardial ventricular S′. The combination of IUGR and CPR is associated with a reduced left ventricular S′, especially in those with reversed UA flow. In this subgroup a left S′ below 1.6 cm/s seemed to predict mortality in the perinatal period. Copyright © 2009 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structural Study of an InIII Complex Involving In‐situ Decarboxylation
Authors: Song Yong‐Juan , Zhao Peng‐Cheng , Zhang Peng , Han Zheng‐Bo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe hydrothermal reaction of indium chlorine, 2,2’‐bipyridine, and 2,3‐pyrazinedicarboxylic acid leads to the generation of a mononuclear InIII complex, [In(bpy)(Cl)2]Cl·0.5pz·H2O (1) (bpy = 2,2’‐bipyridine, pz = pyrazine). X‐ray diffraction analysis indicates that compound 1 crystallizes in the orthorhombic system Pbca space group with a = 12.667(3) Å, b = 15.269(3) Å, c = 15.859(3) Å, V = 3067.4(11) Å3 and Z = 8. These discrete units are linked by the hydrogen bondings and C···H–π stacking interactions to form a 3D network. It is interesting to find that the in situ decarboxylation of 2,3‐pyrazinedicarboxylic acid into pz ligand was observed.
A Novel μ2‐(H2O)‐Bridged Double‐Chain Coordination Polymer [Cd(pc)(phen)(H2O)]n with Rhombic Grids (H2pc = pamoic acid, phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline)
Authors: Han Guang‐Xi , Song Yong‐Juan , Zhao Peng‐Cheng , Chen Xia , Han Zheng‐Bo 
Published: June 2009

AbstractA novel coordination polymer [Cd(pc)(phen)(H2O)]n (H2pc = pamoic acid, phen = 1,10‐phenanthroline) has been synthesized under hydrothermal conditions. Single crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis reveals that the compound crystallizes in triclinic space group P1. All the CdII atoms in the compound are hexacoordinate and are linked by pamoicate ligands to form a one‐dimensional zigzag chain. Furthermore, two adjacent zigzag chains are connected by the μ2‐(H2O) molecules to form a double‐chain with rhombic grids. There exist intermolecular C–H···π contacts, π–π stacking and hydrogen‐bonding interactions. Compound 1 displays strong fluorescent emission in the solid state at room temperature.