bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perovskite Crystallization and Hot Carrier Dynamics Manipulation Enables Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with 25.32% Efficiency
Authors: Wu Tai , Wang Peng , Zheng Liangding , Zhao Yuanju , Hua Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractModulating perovskite crystallization and understanding hot carriers (HCs) dynamics in perovskite films are very critical to achieving high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a small organic molecule (6BAS) with multisite anchors (C═O) as an efficient additive is introduced into PbI2 precursors to modulate perovskite crystallization during two‐step sequential deposition. The chemical interaction between 6BAS and PbI2 enables more preferential PbI2 crystal with enlarged interplanar spacing of PbI2 lattice, which is beneficial to the penetration of organic ammonium salts into PbI2 layer and the complete conversion to perovskite, consequently promoting the preferential crystallization of perovskite to realize high‐quality perovskite films with larger grain size and reduced defect state. By ultrafast spectroscopy, it is found that the incorporation of 6BAS can efficiently prolong HCs cooling, which helps to enhance HCs transfer and retard the charge carrier recombination in device. As a result, 6BAS doped‐PSCs efficiency significantly enhances to 25.32% from 22.91%. The target device achieves the enhanced long‐term stability. Only a 6% efficiency degradation is realized for un‐encapsulated device with 6BAS after 70 days under N2. Meanwhile, the 6BAS‐treated device retains 95% of its initial PCE after 1160 h of operation at the maximum power point under continuous AM 1.5 G illumination.
New trends in surgery for colorectal liver metastasis
Authors: Kron Philipp , Lodge Peter 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBy presenting the most up‐to‐date findings and incorporating the latest evidence, this article seeks to present a comprehensive guide for navigating the complexities inherent in the management of colorectal liver metastasis. It aims to serve as a valuable resource offering clinicians and healthcare professionals an understanding of the diverse modalities and approaches available for treating this challenging and multifaceted disease. In an era of rapidly evolving medical knowledge, this article examines the latest insights to make informed decisions in the realm of colorectal liver metastasis management. The article does not only highlight the up‐to‐date knowledge but also provides the evidence for existing therapeutic strategies. This practical tool provides evidence‐based recommendations to clinicians, thereby contributing to the ongoing advancement of effective treatment strategies for this challenging disease.
Picturing the Gap Between the Performance and US‐DOE's Hydrogen Storage Target: A Data‐Driven Model for MgH2 Dehydrogenation
Authors: Li Chaoqun , Yang Weijie , Liu Hao , Liu Xinyuan , Xing Xiujing , Gao Zhengyang , Dong Shuai , Li Hao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeveloping solid‐state hydrogen storage materials is as pressing as ever, which requires a comprehensive understanding of the dehydrogenation chemistry of a solid‐state hydride. Transition state search and kinetics calculations are essential to understanding and designing high‐performance solid‐state hydrogen storage materials by filling in the knowledge gap that current experimental techniques cannot measure. However, the ab initio analysis of these processes is computationally expensive and time‐consuming. Searching for descriptors to accurately predict the energy barrier is urgently needed, to accelerate the prediction of hydrogen storage material properties and identify the opportunities and challenges in this field. Herein, we develop a data‐driven model to describe and predict the dehydrogenation barriers of a typical solid‐state hydrogen storage material, magnesium hydride (MgH2), based on the combination of the crystal Hamilton population orbital of Mg−H bond and the distance between atomic hydrogen. By deriving the distance energy ratio, this model elucidates the key chemistry of the reaction kinetics. All the parameters in this model can be directly calculated with significantly less computational cost than conventional transition state search, so that the dehydrogenation performance of hydrogen storage materials can be predicted efficiently. Finally, we found that this model leads to excellent agreement with typical experimental measurements reported to date and provides clear design guidelines on how to propel the performance of MgH2 closer to the target set by the United States Department of Energy (US‐DOE).
Synthesis, investigation of temperature and salt resistant polyacrylamide microspheres used for deep sealing and profile control and function strengthening mechanism
Authors: Jinhua Huo , Siman Zhang , Junwei Liu , Chenxi Wei , Ruizhi Zhang , Xing Zhang , Shanjian Li 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBased on the requirements of deep sealing and profile control for the excellent temperature and salt resistance on polyacrylamide microspheres, the Poly‐AM/AMPS was prepared depends on aqueous solution polymerization method to improving oil and gas recovery efficiency in low‐permeability and heterogeneous reservoirs resulted by water channeling. The key technical parameters were established through single‐factor experimental methods, and the chemical structure was studied by infrared spectrum analysis (FTIR), energy spectrum analysis, and x‐ray diffraction analysis, and then the thermal stability was investigated depends on the thermogravimetric (TG) and differential thermogravimetric (DTG) distribution curves, moreover, the particle size and distribution, microstructure, and surface morphology were further studied. As a result, the results confirmed that the molecular structure of Poly‐AM/AMPS meets the expected design, and the quality retention rate at 800°C is 17.4%, the median particle size of Poly‐AM/AMPS particles is 35.88 μm, and the particle size distribution range is about 1.94–497.8 μm. Further, the Poly‐AM/AMPS was modified by maleic anhydride, sodium styrenesulfonate, and dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride through conventional functional strengthening and modification, modified by nano‐SiO2, GO, and S‐CaCO3 through nano‐functional strengthening and modification. Additionally, the functional strengthening and modification mechanism was studied depends on the FTIR, TG, and DTG methods.
Defining Criteria for Disease Activity States in Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Based on the Systemic Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score
Authors: Rosina Silvia , Rebollo‐Giménez Ana I. , Tarantola Letizia , Pistorio Angela , Vyzhga Yulia , El Miedany Yasser , Lotfy Hala M. , Abu‐Shady Hend , Eissa Mervat , Osman Naglaa S. , Hassan Waleed , Mahgoub Marwa Y. , Fouad Nermeen A. , Mosa Doaa M. , Adel Yasmin , Mohamed Sheren E. M. , Radwan Ahmed R. , Abu‐Zaid Mohamed H. , Tabra Samar A. A. , Shalaby Radwa H. , Nasef Samah I. , Khubchandani Raju , Khan Archana , Maldar Naziya P. , Ozen Seza , Bayindir Yagmur , Alsuweiti Motasem , Alzyoud Raed , Almaaitah Hiba , Vilaiyuk Soamarat , Lerkvaleekul Butsabong , Alexeeva Ekaterina , Dvoryakovskaya Tatyana , Kriulin Ivan , Bracaglia Claudia , Pardeo Manuela , De Benedetti Fabrizio , Licciardi Francesco , Montin Davide , Robasto Francesca , Minoia Francesca , Filocamo Giovanni , Rossano Martina , Simonini Gabriele , Marrani Edoardo , Abu‐Rumeileh Sarah , Kostik Mikhail M. , Belozerov Konstantin E. , Pal Priyankar , Bathia Jigna N. , Katsicas María M. , Villarreal Giselle , Marino Achille , Costi Stefania , Sztajnbok Flavio , Silva Rodrigo M. , Maggio Maria C. , El‐Ghoneimy Dalia H. , El Owaidy Rasha , Civino Adele , Diomeda Federico , Al‐Mayouf Sulaiman M. , Al‐Sofyani Fuad , Dāvidsone Zane , Patrone Elisa , Saad‐Magalhães Claudia , Consolaro Alessandro , Ravelli Angelo 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveOur objective was to develop and validate cutoff values in the systemic Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score 10 (sJADAS10) that distinguish the states of inactive disease (ID), minimal disease activity (MDA), moderate disease activity (MoDA), and high disease activity (HDA) in children with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, based on subjective disease state assessment by the treating pediatric rheumatologist.MethodsThe cutoff definition cohort was composed of 400 patients enrolled at 30 pediatric rheumatology centers in 11 countries. Using the subjective physician rating as an external criterion, six methods were applied to identify the cutoffs: mapping, calculation of percentiles of cumulative score distribution, the Youden index, 90% specificity, maximum agreement, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Sixty percent of the patients were assigned to the definition cohort, and 40% were assigned to the validation cohort. Cutoff validation was conducted by assessing discriminative ability.ResultsThe sJADAS10 cutoffs that separated ID from MDA, MDA from MoDA, and MoDA from HDA were ≤2.9, ≤10, and >20.6, respectively. The cutoffs discriminated strongly among different levels of pain, between patients with and without morning stiffness, and among patients whose parents judged their disease status as remission or persistent activity or flare or were satisfied or not satisfied with current illness outcome.ConclusionThe sJADAS cutoffs revealed good metrologic properties in both definition and validation cohorts and are therefore suitable for use in clinical trials and routine practice.
Cu2MoS4 Nanocatalyst‐Based Electrochemical Sensor for Ofloxacin Electro‐Oxidation: Delineating the Combined Roles of Crystallinity and Morphology on the Analytical Performance
Authors: Huong Phung Thi Lan , Anh Nguyen Tuan , Dinh Ngo Xuan , Phan Vu Ngoc , Le Ly T. , Nguyen Anh D. , Le Anh‐Tuan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study, we demonstrate the influence of crystallinity and morphology on the analytical performance of various Cu2MoS4 (CMS) nanocatalysts‐based electrochemical sensors for the high‐efficiency detection of Ofloxacin (OFX) antibiotic. The electrochemical kinetics parameters including peak current response (ΔIp), peak‐to‐peak separation (ΔEp), electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), electron‐transfer resistance (Rct), were obtained through the electrochemical analyses, which indicate the single‐crystalline nature of CMS nanomaterials (NMs) is beneficial for enhanced electron‐transfer kinetics. The morphological features and the electrochemical results for OFX detection substantiate that by tuning the tube‐like to plate‐like structures of the CMS NMs, it might noticeably enhance multiple adsorption sites and more intrinsic active catalytic sites due to the diffusion of analytes into the interstitial spaces between CMS nanoplates. As results, highly single‐crystalline and plate‐shaped morphology structures of CMS NMs would significantly enhance the electrocatalytic OFX oxidation in terms of onset potential (Eonset), Tafel slope, catalytic rate constant (kcat), and adsorption capacity (Γ). The CMS NMs‐based electrochemical sensing platform showed excellent analytical performance toward the OFX detection with two ultra‐wide linear detection concentration ranges from 0.25–100 and 100–1000 μM, a low detection limit of 0.058 μM, and an excellent electrochemical sensitivity (0.743 μA μM−1 cm−2).
Flatness‐based control in successive loops for mechatronic motion transmission systems
Authors: Rigatos Gerasimos , Pomares Jorge , Siano Pierluigi , AL‐Numay Mohammed , Abbaszadeh Masoud , Cuccurullo Gennaro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMechatronic systems with nonlinear dynamics are met in motion transmission applications for vehicles and robots. In this article, the control problem for the nonlinear dynamics of mechatronic motion transmission systems is solved with the use of a flatness‐based control approach which is implemented in successive loops. The state‐space model of these systems is separated into a series of subsystems, which are connected between them in cascading loops. Each one of these subsystems can be viewed independently as a differentially flat system, and control about it can be performed with inversion of its dynamics as in the case of input–output linearized flat systems. In this chain of
subsystems, the state variables of the subsequent (
)‐th subsystem become virtual control inputs for the preceding
‐th subsystem and so on. In turn, exogenous control inputs are applied to the last subsystem and are computed by tracing backwards the virtual control inputs of the preceding
subsystems. The whole control method is implemented in successive loops, and its global stability properties are also proven through Lyapunov stability analysis. The validity of the control method is confirmed in the following two case studies: (a) control of a permanent magnet linear synchronous motor (PMLSM)‐actuated vehicle's clutch and (ii) control of a multi‐Degrees of Freedom (multi‐DOF) flexible joint robot.
Stochastic convergence to recurrent state equilibrium for state‐based games
Authors: Wei Xiaomeng , Li Haitao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractState‐based games contain an additional state space by comparing with normal games. Correspondingly, the equilibrium of state‐based games is called recurrent state equilibrium (RSE). For state‐based games, the stochastic convergence to RSE is investigated in this paper. Firstly, the stochastic convergence of state‐based games is defined. Then, a kind of state‐based best‐response update rule is designed for state‐based games. Under this update rule, the state‐based games can be converted into the Markovian switching logical networks through the semi‐tensor product. Next, based on the results of Markovian switching logical networks and positive systems, the stochastic convergence of state‐based games is investigated and a verifiable criterion is derived. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the validity of the obtained criterion.
Photoluminescence properties of Pb5(PO4)3Br:RE (RE = Dy3+, Eu3+ and Tb3+) phosphor synthesised using solid‐state method
Authors: Shinde V. V. , Dhoble S. J. , Yerpude A. N. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study describes the luminous properties of Pb5(PO4)3Br doped with RE3+ (RE = Dy3+, Eu3+ and Tb3+) synthesised using the solid‐state method. The synthesised phosphor was characterised using Fourier‐transform infrared, X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence measurements. Dy3+‐doped Pb5(PO4)3Br phosphor exhibited blue and yellow emissions at 480 and 573 nm, respectively, on excitation at 388 nm. Eu3+‐doped Pb5(PO4)3Br phosphor exhibited orange and red emissions at 591 and 614 nm, respectively, on excitation at λex = 396 nm. Pb5(PO4)3Br:Tb3+ phosphor exhibited the strongest green emission at 547 nm on excitation at λex = 380 nm. Additionally, the effect of the concentration of rare‐earth ions on the emission intensity of Pb5(PO4)3Br:RE3+ (RE3+ = Dy3+, Eu3+ and Tb3+) phosphors was investigated.
Study on the active components and mechanism of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma for invigorating the spleen and tonifying qi based on spectrum–effect relationship and network pharmacology
Authors: Li Yafei , Tang Lulu , Zhao Mingfang , Tang Rui , Fang Keer , Ge Weihong , Du Weifeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSpleen deficiency can lead to various abnormal physiological functions of the spleen. Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (AMR) is a traditional Chinese medicine used to invigorate the spleen and tonify qi. The study aimed to identify the primary active components influencing the efficacy of AMR in strengthening the spleen and replenishing qi through spectrum–effect relationship and chemometrics. Network pharmacology was used to investigate the mechanism by which AMR strengthens the spleen and replenishes qi, with molecular docking utilized for validation purposes. The findings indicated that bran‐fried AMR exhibited superior efficacy, with atractylenolides and atractylone identified as the primary active constituents. Atractylenolide II emerged as the most influential component impacting the effectiveness of AMR, while the key target was androgen receptor. Furthermore, crucial pathways implicated included the mitogen‐activated protein cascade (MAPK) cascade, RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, ligand‐activated sequence‐specific DNA binding, and RNA polymerase II sequence‐specific DNA‐binding transcription factor binding. In summary, our study has identified the primary active components associated with the efficacy of AMR and has provided an initial exploration of its mechanism of action. This offers a theoretical foundation for future investigations into the material basis and molecular mechanisms underlying the pharmacodynamics of AMR.
Evaluation of DNA extracted from residual blood clots after serological testing
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Cheng Xiangqun , Yang Gui , Peng Hongwei , Zou Cong , Yao Dongai , Qian Kaiyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDNA quality is of paramount importance for molecular biology research. This study aimed to assess the DNA extracted from residual blood clots after serological testing, focusing on the impact of blood clot segments, extraction kits, temporary storage durations (TSDs), and thawing methods on DNA quality. We divided the residual blood clot column (BCC) from healthy donors into three segments and utilized two different extraction kits. The BCCs were subjected to four TSDs at 4°C (7 days, 10 days, 1 month, and 2 months) and three thawing methods (4°C, room temperature, and 37°C). We found that the TIANamp Blood Clot DNA Kit yielded consistently high‐quality DNA from each segment with stable A260/280 and A260/230 ratios. The DNA yield showed a strong positive correlation with leukocyte concentration, and a satisfactory median DNA yield of 28.79 μg/g BCC was obtained across all segments. DNA integrity, as measured by the DNA integrity number and DNA fragment peak size, decreased with increasing TSD at 4°C, with a notable decrease after 10 days of storage. Thawing at 37°C resulted in the lowest DNA fragment peak size. In conclusion, BCC could be an ideal DNA source with satisfactory yield and purity. A prolonged TSD at 4°C leads to an obvious decrease in DNA integrity, and thawing the frozen BCC at 37°C decreases DNA fragment sizes. To maintain DNA integrity, BCCs should be cryopreserved as soon as possible after short TSDs at 4°C and thawed at 4°C.
Role of Amyloidogenic and Non‐Amyloidogenic Protein Spaces in Neurodegenerative Diseases and their Mitigation Using Theranostic Agents
Authors: Suri Kapali , Ramesh Madhu , Bhandari Mansi , Gupta Vishakha , Kumar Virendra , Govindaraju Thimmaiah , Murugan N. Arul 
Published: April 2024

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) refer to a complex heterogeneous group of diseases which are associated with the accumulation of amyloid fibrils or plaques in the brain leading to progressive loss of neuronal functions. Alzheimer's disease is one of the major NDD responsible for 60–80 % of all dementia cases. Currently, there are no curative or disease‐reversing/modifying molecules for many of the NDDs except a few such as donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, carbidopa and levodopa which treat the disease‐associated symptoms. Similarly, there are very few FDA‐approved tracers such as flortaucipir (Tauvid) for tau fibril imaging and florbetaben (Neuraceq), flutemetamol (Vizamyl), and florbetapir (Amyvid) for amyloid imaging available for diagnosis. Recent advances in the cryogenic electron microscopy reported distinctly different microstructures for tau fibrils associated with different tauopathies highlighting the possibility to develop tauopathy‐specific imaging agents and therapeutics. In addition, it is important to identify the proteins that are associated with disease development and progression to know about their 3D structure to develop various diagnostics, therapeutics and theranostic agents. The current article discusses in detail the disease‐associated amyloid and non‐amyloid proteins along with their structural insights. We comprehensively discussed various novel proteins associated with NDDs and their implications in disease pathology. In addition, we document various emerging chemical compounds developed for diagnosis and therapy of different NDDs with special emphasis on theranostic agents for better management of NDDs.
Isomer‐Dependent Melting Behavior of Low Molar Mass Azobenzene Derivatives: Observation of a Higher Melting Z‐Isomer
Authors: Barrett S. , Nieves J. , Collins E. , Fieglein V. , Burns M. , Guerrero J. , Mouer L. , Brittain W. J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAzobenzene compounds are putative solar thermal fuels (STF) due to the excellent photostability and structural control of isomerization rates. Azobenzenes, in which both Z‐ and E‐isomers are liquid at room temperature, are promising candidates for STF flow technology. A literature survey of melting points led to the synthesis and isomer separation of ortho‐ and meta‐monosubstituted azobenzenes with fluoro, methyl, ethyl, trifluoromethyl and methoxy substituents and several dimethyl substituted azobenzenes. Four of the compounds are liquid azobenzenes with higher specific energy than literature work with higher molar mass, liquid compounds. Eight of the compounds unexpectedly displayed a higher melting point for the Z‐isomer which is rarely observed. Intermolecular close contacts in the crystal lattice of the Z‐isomer are the main factor responsible for the higher melting temperatures.
The dark side of the new space economy: Insights from the sustainability reporting practices of government space agencies and private space companies
Authors: Di Tullio Patrizia , Rea Michele A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGovernmental and private companies in the New Space Economy collaborate to realise valuable space products and services, yet this partnership raises sustainability concerns. This study investigates whether and how space companies address social and environmental aspects in their collaborative activities. Focusing on the launch service segment in Europe and the USA, we conducted a content analysis of financial and non‐financial reports and websites by using the legitimacy theory framework. This study reveals that space companies emphasise the positive social and environmental impacts of their collaboration while providing limited information on potential drawbacks. They extensively outline measures to mitigate social and environmental damages, aiming to present a favourable image of their activities. This research contributes to fostering the debate on social and environmental accounting and accountability of space actors. It sheds light on how they report on sustainability aspects offering insights into the legitimacy strategies they use and promoting their accountability.