bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Configuration and Operation Optimization for Industrial Steam Power System Sustainable Retrofit Considering Renewable Energy Integration
Authors: Li Zeqiu , Yang Liujian , Tian Ying , Huang Xiuhui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRenewable energy integration and operational optimization are crucial in energy sustainability and decarbonization, especially for industrial steam power systems (SPS). This study establishes an SPS superstructure that integrates wind, solar, and biomass energy. A mixed‐integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model is developed to determine an optimal retrofit strategy that minimizes the life cycle cost, which includes carbon emission cost and energy cost. To solve this high‐dimensional complex optimization problem, a multistage strategy fusion differential evolution algorithm with dynamic partitioning of the SVM feasible domain (SVM‐MS‐DE) is developed. The results from the optimal strategy demonstrate a 9.02% reduction in the system's total cost and a 9.64% decrease in carbon emission through the incorporation of wind and solar energy. Additionally, the sensitivity analysis on biomass ratio, carbon emission price, energy demand, and carbon emission limits reveal that the region can contribute significantly to renewable energy initiatives. Several recommended policies are provided to encourage enterprises to move towards sustainable development.
Enhancing sulfur resistance of oxides in carbon monoxide oxidation by a high‐entropy‐stabilized strategy
Authors: Du Shengyu , Zhang Pengfei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIndustrial chemical processes require sulfur‐resistant catalysts, which reduce catalyst replacement costs and simplify process operations. Herein, a high‐entropy‐stabilized strategy was put forward for sulfur‐resistant catalysis. A spinel high entropy (Zn0.2Mg0.2Cu0.2Mn0.2Co0.2Al2O4) was introduced by ball milling process with aluminum isopropoxide as the main precursor. Zn0.2Mg0.2Cu0.2Mn0.2Co0.2Al2O4 possessed a high surface area of 171.2 m2 g−1, higher than typical high‐entropy oxides (HEOs). The high‐entropy spinel catalyst exhibited better SO2‐resistance performance in the oxidation of carbon monoxide, better than the simple oxides. The SO2‐resistance of Zn0.2Mg0.2Cu0.2Mn0.2Co0.2Al2O4 was primarily improved by reinforcing the stability of the oxide using a high‐entropy structure to decrease the absorption of SO2 on its surface. Any adsorbed SO2 on the surface of the HEO was then selectively trapped by sacrificial metal ions with stronger electron‐withdrawing ability, protecting the active center (Cu2+, Co2+) from poisoning. This work reveals the significance of high‐entropy structures in sulfur resistance.
Racialization processes and depressive symptoms among pregnant Mexican‐origin immigrant women
Authors: LeBrón Alana M. W. , Rodriguez Victoria E. , Sinco Brandy R. , Caldwell Cleopatra H. , Kieffer Edith C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines how racialization processes (conceptualized as multilevel and dynamic processes) shape prenatal mental health by testing the association of discrimination and the John Henryism hypothesis on depressive symptoms for pregnant Mexican‐origin immigrant women. We analyzed baseline data (n = 218) from a healthy lifestyle intervention for pregnant Latinas in Detroit, Michigan. Using separate multiple linear regression models, we examined the independent and joint associations of discrimination and John Henryism with depressive symptoms and effect modification by socioeconomic position. Discrimination was positively associated with depressive symptoms (β = 2.84; p < .001) when adjusting for covariates. This association did not vary by socioeconomic position. Women primarily attributed discrimination to language use, racial background, and nativity. We did not find support for the John Henryism hypothesis, meaning that the hypothesized association between John Henryism and depressive symptoms did not vary by socioeconomic position. Examinations of joint associations of discrimination and John Henryism on depressive symptoms indicate a positive association between discrimination and depressive symptoms (β = 2.81; p < .001) and no association of John Henryism and depressive symptoms (β = −0.83; p > .05). Results suggest complex pathways by which racialization processes affect health and highlight the importance of considering experiences of race, class, and gender within racialization processes.
Multifunctional amphoteric heteropolymer for chromium free sustainable leather process
Authors: Inbasekar Chandrasekar , Fathima Nishter Nishad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe post‐tanning process of leather making involves the of large quantities of auxiliary chemicals to enhance the functionalities of the leather. Hence, developing multifunctional polymers are essential to reduce the pollution load and enhance sustainability. Herein, we report the synthesis of multifunctional retanning and fatliquoring agent using a hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) monomer by modifying the hydroxyl group to carboxyl and long‐chain hydrocarbon along with quaternary ammonium monomer. The resulting polymer has been subsequently used in the tanning and post‐tanning process. The influence of the carboxyl group increases the metal uptake of the aluminum (twofold) and zirconium (1.5‐fold) tanning agent, and hydrothermal stability of the polymer‐treated leathers is 74 and 81°C for aluminum and zirconium tanning, respectively. The experimental leather showed uniform pore size distribution and better organoleptic characteristics than the control. Introducing the quaternary ammonium group in the polymer increased dye exhaustion in the experimental process up to 97%. The anti‐bacterial studies show the polymer is effective against gram‐positive species due to electrostatic interaction. The biochemical analysis of the experiment process shows higher biodegradability (0.62). Thus, the present study opens a new avenue for a sustainable replacement for conventional post‐tanning chemicals.
Buoyancy control and air breathing in royal knifefish (Chitala blanci) and a new hypothesis for the early evolution of vertebrate air‐breathing behaviors
Authors: Kaczmarek Elska B. , Brainerd Elizabeth L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe present the first description of inspiration‐first air breaths in royal knifefish, Chitala blanci, a ray‐finned fish known to use four‐stroke air breaths. Four‐stroke breaths are used by nearly all ray‐finned fish species that use their gas bladder to breathe air and are the ancestral breath type of ray‐finned fishes. Interestingly, one such species, Amia calva, is known to perform two distinct breath types. Amia use four‐stroke breaths when they need more oxygen and performs inspiration‐first breaths to restore buoyancy. We observed that C. blanci also performs inspiration‐first breaths and tested whether the two breath types are performed for the same functions in C. blanci as they are in Amia. We recorded the frequency of each breath type when exposed to aquatic hypoxia and two conditions of oxygen availability. We found that C. blanci performed more four‐stroke breaths (81% ± 15% of total breaths) than inspiration‐first breaths when exposed to aerial normoxia but performed more inspiration‐first breaths (72% ± 40%) than four‐stroke breaths when exposed to aerial hyperoxia. These patterns match those described for Amia and indicate that C. blanci performs four‐stroke breaths in response to oxygen depletion and performs inspiration‐first breaths to maintain buoyancy. Few studies have examined the role of air‐breathing in buoyancy regulation. Decreasing buoyancy, rather than oxygen availability, to stimulate air breaths may reveal that inspiration‐first breaths are more common among fishes than we are aware. We consider this possibility and present a new hypothesis for the origin and early evolution of air breathing in vertebrates.
Cover Picture: Astron. Nachr. 4/2024
Authors: Küker Manfred , Järvinen S. P. , Hubrig S. , Ilyin Ilya , Schöller M. 
Published: May 2024

Variability of the Hα emission line profile of the magnetic O‐type star HD 54897 over one decade, from 2014 to 2024. In the left panels, each profile is plotted with a different color as is indicated in the legend, showing the corresponding observing date and instrument used: H: HARPS, E: ESPaDOnS, U: UVES, and P: PEPSI. The upper panel shows the profiles based on the spectra observed recently, while the bottom panel shows all available profiles published previously. The right panel shows the same data in a color scale plot. The red color corresponds to the strongest emission, while the blue color shows the Hα line wings appearing in absorption. The observed Hα emission is thought to originatein a disk of increased gas density in the equatorial plane of the magnetic field. For details see the article by Küker et al., this issue, e230169.
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Sustainability in a broad sense: An essential aspect of scientific conferences
Authors: Brohus Malene , Bootman Martin D. , Bultynck Geert 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article reflects on sustainability in the context of scientific conferences with emphasis on environmental, diversity, inclusivity, and intellectual aspects. We argue that it is imperative to embrace sustainability as a broad concept during conference organization. In‐person conferences have an obvious environmental impact but mitigating strategies can be implemented, such as incentivizing low‐emission travel, offering fellowships to support sustainable traveling, and promoting use of public transport or car‐pooling. Utilizing eco‐conscious venues, catering, and accommodations, along with minimizing resource wastage, further reduces environmental impact. Additional considerations include facilitating hybrid format conferences that allow both in‐person and online attendance. Hybrid conferences enhance global participation whilst reducing resource consumption and environmental impact. Often‐overlooked benefits can arise from the simple recording of talks to enable asynchronous viewing for people unable to attend in person, in addition to providing a legacy of knowledge that, for example, could support the training of early career researchers (ECRs) or newcomers in the field. The longevity of a research field, intellectual sustainability, requires an inclusive conference atmosphere, offering optimal opportunities for ECRs, minority groups, and researchers from emerging countries. Diversity and inclusivity not only enrich conference experiences but also enhances creativity and innovation.
Harnessing solar power for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of coloured pollutants using novel Mg‐doped‐ZnFe2O4/S@g‐C3N4 heterojunction: A facile hydrothermal synthesis approach
Authors: Rubab Rawish , Mansoor Sana , Javed Mohsin , Hamza Ali , Bahadur Ali , Iqbal Shahid , Mahmood Sajid , Qamar Muhammad Azam , Shoaib Muhammad , Alotaibi Khalid M. , Alshalwi Matar 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ability of heterogeneous photocatalysis to effectively remove organic pollutants from wastewater has shown great promise as a tool for environmental remediation. Pure zinc ferrites (ZnFe2O4) and magnesium‐doped zinc ferrites (Mg@ZnFe2O4) with variable percentages of Mg (0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 mol%) were synthesized via hydrothermal route and their photocatalytic activity was checked against methylene blue (MB) taken as a model dye. FTIR, XPS, BET, PL, XRD, TEM, and UV‐Vis spectroscopy were used for the identification and morphological characterization of the prepared nanoparticles (NPs) and nanocomposites (NCs). The 7% Mg@ZnFe2O4 NPs demonstrated excellent degradation against MB under sunlight. The 7% Mg@ZnFe2O4 NPs were integrated with diverse contents (10, 50, 30, and 70 wt.%) of S@g‐C3N4 to develop NCs with better activity. When the NCs were tested to degrade MB dye, it was revealed that the 7%Mg@ZnFe2O4/S@g‐C3N4 NCs were more effective at utilizing solar energy than the other NPs and NCs. The synergistic effect of the interface formed between Mg@ZnFe2O4 and S@g‐C3N4 was primarily responsible for the boosted photocatalytic capability of the NCs. The fabricated NCs may function as an effective new photocatalyst to remove organic dyes from wastewater.
Microextraction techniques for occupational biological monitoring: Basic principles, current applications and future perspectives
Authors: Sohrabi Younes , Rahimian Fatemeh , Yousefinejad Saeed , Aliasghari Fereshteh , Soleimani Esmaeel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe application of green microextraction techniques (METs) is constantly being developed in different areas including pharmaceutical, forensic, food and environmental analysis. However, they are less used in biological monitoring of workers in occupational settings. Developing valid extraction methods and analytical techniques for the determination of occupational indicators plays a critical role in the management of workers’ exposure to chemicals in workplaces. Microextraction techniques have become increasingly important because they are inexpensive, robust and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive review and interpret the applications of METs and novel sorbents and liquids in biological monitoring. Future perspectives and occupational indicators that METs have not yet been developed for are also discussed.
Examining associations between goal and attribute framing, HIV treatment motivation, and affective responses: A mixed methods study of patient thoughts and perceptions
Authors: Houston Eric , Mindry Deborah , Alvarado Eric , Kim Joshua J. , Evans Justine , Tarn Derjung M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe use of framing in persuasive health communications considerably affects health behaviour, but our understanding of how framing influences patient motivation to take HIV treatments remains limited. This study examined how goal and attribute framing are related to the motivational and affective responses linked to HIV treatment adherence behaviours. The predominantly low‐income, African American sample (n = 30) consisted of HIV patients living in Chicago and Los Angeles who reported their thoughts and perceptions regarding HIV treatment in two previous studies. We performed content analysis on data consisting of a total of 119 thoughts and perceptions, categorized the data by type of framing expressed (goal, attribute), and determined correlations between framing type, treatment‐related motivation (i.e., intrinsic, extrinsic, approach, avoidance) and affective responses (i.e., positive, negative). Goal framed thoughts were classified as either gain‐ or loss‐framed. We found that goal framed thoughts highlighting the gains associated with medication adherence were associated with higher levels of intrinsic motivation than either goal framed thoughts highlighting losses or attribute framed thoughts (p < .02). There were no significant associations between type of framing and patients' extrinsic, approach, or avoidance treatment motivations. Negative affect related more strongly to attribute framed thoughts and perceptions than to either gain‐ or loss‐framed thoughts (p < .001). Findings suggest that gain framing may be associated with stronger and more consistent adherence and treatment engagement among HIV patients with a promotion‐oriented self‐regulatory focus. Future studies are needed to evaluate the relative effect of framing manipulations on actual changes in HIV treatment adherence across time.
Chemical Production of Cytotoxic Bispecific Antibodies Using the Ugi Multicomponent Reaction
Authors: Vaur Valentine , Koutsopetras Ilias , Erb Stéphane , Jackowska Bianka , Benazza Rania , Cahuzac Héloïse , Detappe Alexandre , Hernandez‐Alba Oscar , Cianférani Sarah , Scott Christopher J. , Chaubet Guilhem 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBispecific antibodies (bsAbs) have recently emerged as a promising platform for the treatment of several conditions, most importantly cancer. Based on the combination of two different antigen‐binding motifs in a single macromolecule; bsAbs can either display the combined characteristics of their parent antibodies, or new therapeutic features, inaccessible by the sole combination of two distinct antibodies. While bsAbs are traditionally produced by molecular biology techniques, the chemical development of bsAbs holds great promises and strategies have just begun to surface. In this context, we took advantage of a chemical strategy based on the use of the Ugi reaction for the site‐selective conjugation of whole antibodies and coupled the resulting conjugates in a bioorthogonal manner with Fab fragments, derived from various antibodies. We thus managed to produce five different bsAbs with 2 : 1 valency, with yields ranging from 20 % to 48 %, and showed that the affinity of the parent antibody was preserved in all bsAbs. We further demonstrated the interest of our strategy by producing two other bsAbs behaving as cytotoxic T cell engagers with IC50 values in the picomolar range in vitro.
MEIS2 suppresses breast cancer development by downregulating IL10
Authors: Xiao Yongzhi , Liu Yingzhe , Sun Yangqing , Huang Changhao , Zhong Shangwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed female cancer. Homeobox protein MEIS2, a key transcription factor, is involved in the regulation of many developmental and cellular processes. However, the role of MEIS2 in the development of breast cancer is still unclear.AimsWe aimed to examine the role of myeloid ecotropic insertion site (MEIS2) in breast cancer and the association of MEIS2 with breast cancer clinical stages and pathological grades. We revealed the underlying mechanism by which MEIS2 affected breast cancer cell growth and tumor development.Methods and ResultsUsing human BC cell lines, clinical samples and animal xenograft model, we reveal that MEIS2 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. The expression of MEIS2 is inversely correlated with BC clinical stages and pathological grades. MEIS2 knockdown (MEIS2‐KD) promotes while MEIS2 overexpression suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation and tumor development in vitro and in animal xenograft models, respectively. To determine the biological function of MEIS2, we screen the expression of a group of MEIS2 potential targeting genes in stable‐established cell lines. Results show that the knockdown of MEIS2 in breast cancer cells up‐regulates the IL10 expression, but MEIS2 overexpression opposed the effect on IL10 expression. Furthermore, the suppressive role of MEIS2 in breast cancer cell proliferation is associated with the IL10 expression and myeloid cells infiltration.ConclusionOur study demonstrates that the tumor suppressor of MEIS2 in breast cancer progression is partially via down regulating the expression of IL10 and promoting myeloid cells infiltration. Targeting MEIS2 would be a potentially therapeutic avenue for BC.
A novel approach for location selection in logistics: Ensemble SVM and improved genetic algorithm
Authors: Lu Chao , Hong Feng 
Published: May 2024

SummaryGathering logistics operations in an individual location offers various benefits at the macro level namely reducing environmental and community issues, replacing overflow of traffic, minimizing air pollution, and more. But the complexity in the selection of location is maximized and the logistic operation chooses the wrong location due to frequent variations in characteristics. Also, it is suitable for capturing long‐term dependencies. To overcome these difficulties, we propose ESVM‐IGS; an Ensemble support vector machine, and an Improved Genetic algorithm, with an initial search strategy to improve the efficiency. The Ensemble SVM is applied to produce a better outcome. To identify optimal configurations in the complex optimization problem an initial search‐based improved genetic algorithm is implemented. To conduct our experiments, the ESVM‐IGS is rigorously evaluated on the GIS real‐time Dataset and the efficiency of the model is validated with various performance measures. From the analysis, the proposed method results that it solved the complexity burden and improved the selection ability of long‐term dependency. The experimental results depict the better efficiency of the ESVM‐IGS method for the location selection strategy of logistics.
Ionization Patterns and Chemical Reactivity of Cytosine‐Guanine Watson‐Crick Pairs
Authors: Uddin Ismihan A. , Stec Ewa , Papadantonakis George A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by Prof. Papadantonakis’ group. The image shows a Watson‐Crick Guanine‐Cytosine pair, and the difference between vertical and adiabatic ionization potentials. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202300946.
Evaluation of the effects of postprocessing settings in digital bitewing radiographs on proximal caries detection
Authors: Abdinian Mehrdad , Keshani Forooz , Sadeghi Fateme , Soltani Parisa , Spagnuolo Gianrico , Rengo Carlo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveRadiographs are an integral part of detecting proximal caries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of contrast, brightness, noise, sharpness, and γ adjustment of digital intraoral radiographs on the diagnosis of proximal caries.Materials and methodsIn this in vitro study, 40 extracted teeth including 20 premolars and 20 molars with enamel lesions (white spot or dentin discoloration seen through the enamel) were mounted together in groups of eight inside the skull. Bitewing radiographic images of each dental group were obtained by a photostimulable phosphor plate sensor with exposure conditions of 8 mA, 70 kV, and 0.2 s. The images were reconstructed by the built‐in software and examined by two oral and maxillofacial radiologists in various settings of contrast, brightness, sharpness, noise, and γ. The teeth were then cut mesiodistally and the presence or absence of caries was confirmed by an oral and maxillofacial pathologist using a stereomicroscope. The data were then analyzed using the κ agreement coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy (α = .05).ResultsAdjustment of brightness and contrast led to higher diagnostic performance with an accuracy of 82.5% and 83.8 (for observers 1 and 2, respectively) and 82.5% (for both observers), respectively. Noise adjustment was the least helpful approach for diagnosis of proximal dental caries among other adjustments, with an accuracy of 78.8% and 77.5% for observers 1 and 2, respectively.ConclusionBrightness and contrast setting was more efficient in improving the diagnostic potential of bitewing radiographs compared to other adjustments.
A bidirectional resonant CLLC converter combining three‐level characteristic and bipolar DC structure
Authors: Liu Xiaobo , Wu Xiaohua , Chen Xiliang , Zhao Xin 
Published: May 2024

SummaryIn order to meet the efficient and convenient usage requirements for bidirectional DC‐DC converters in some fields such as DC microgrids and vehicle power conversion systems, a bidirectional resonant CLLC converter combining three‐level characteristic and bipolar DC structure is used and analyzed in this paper. A three‐level topology is adopted in the resonant CLLC converter, which can achieve stable and wider range voltage regulation through the frequency adjustment combined with duty cycle and phase shift modulation, and can also increase the flexibility of control strategy. The application of bipolar DC structure enables this resonant CLLC converter to have multi‐port on one side, and the method of using two interleaved inductors combined with synchronous rectification enables the output voltage of the converter to maintain a certain balance. In this paper, the voltage gains and running states of the three‐level regulation method are analyzed, and then these operation modes and the bipolar DC voltage balance effect of the converter under synchronous rectification control are verified by the experiment results.