bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P03-221 - Somatosensory Cortices Are Required For The Acquisition But Not Retention Of Morphine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference
Authors: Meng Z. , Liu C. , Hu X. , Ma Y. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundSensory system information is thought to play an important role in drug addiction related responses. However, how somatic sensory information participates in the drug related behaviors is still unclear. Many studies demonstrated that drug addiction represents a pathological usurpation of neural mechanisms of learning and memory that normally relate to the pursuit of rewards. Thus, elucidate the role of somatic sensory in drug related learning and memory is of particular importance to understand the neurobiological mechanisms of drug addiction.Principle findingsIn the present study, we investigated the role of somatosensory system in reward-related associative learning using the conditioned place preference model. Lesions were made in somatosensory cortices either before or after conditioning training. We found that lesion of somatosensory cortices before, rather than after morphine conditioning impaired the acquisition of place preference.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that somatosensory cortices are necessary for the acquisition but not retention of morphine induced place preference.
P03-234 - Cognitive Functions In Buprenorphine Maintained Patients Versus Abstinent Heroin Abusers On Naltrexone Hydrochloride Therapy
Authors: Messinis L. , Andrian V. , Lyros E. , Papathanasiou T. , Panagis G. , Papathanasopoulos P. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionMethadone and buprenorphine are among the most widely employed pharmacological treatments currently available for opioid addiction. Cognitive effects of buprenorphine in abstinent heroin abusers are nevertheless far from being understood.MethodsNeuropsychological performance of 18 buprenorphine-maintained patients (BMP) was evaluated relative to that of 32 currently abstinent heroin abusers on naltrexone hydrochloride therapy (FHAN), and 34 non-drug dependent controls. The three groups were demographically balanced. Clinical groups reported histories of similar patterns of drug use and had increased periods of abstinence from any illicit substance use including heroin.ResultsThe BMP group performed poorer than controls on the RAVLT (encoding and delayed recall of verbal information), CTT (conceptual flexibility, executive functions) and the RBANS figure copy (visual perception) and delayed recall of visual information. There were no significant differences in any of the cognitive measures between the BMP and FHAN groups or between the FHAN group and controls. Furthermore, there were no differences in the percentage of abnormal cases between the two patient groups.ConclusionOverall, results suggest that treatment with naltrexone in abstinent heroin abusers may result in less impairment of cognitive functions compared to treatment with buprenorphine. These findings are relevant for improved prognosis and treatment strategies in opioid dependence.
P03-239 - Compliance Of Opiate Addicted Patients Treated With Buprenorphine
Authors: Guillou Landreat M. , Sebille Rivain V. , Victorri Vigneau C. , Foucher Y. , Grall Bronnec M. , Venisse J.L. , Jolliet P. 
Published: June 2010

BackgroundThe French experience regarding treatment of opiates addiction with buprenorphine is exceptional. However drug compliance is one of the most important prognostic factors for this treatment efficacy, but there are very few data on the subject in literature.PurposeThe main purpose of our study was to analyze the compliance of opiate-addicted patients treated with buprenorphine.MethodWe have carried out a forecast study on drug compliance of buprenorphine treatments on a 10-year period using a software specifically designed to that end. We have performed a statistical analysis of the conditions and transitions of opiate-addicted patients treated with buprenorphine along appointments.ResultsWe have shown that there was a good compliance to buprenorphine treatments in our population. Moreover, we have identified factors linked to a development towards bad compliance, such as criminal records or addictive behaviors among the patient's social circle.ConclusionOur results allow a better understanding of the factors of compliance in treated opiate-addicted patients and allow to debate ways to improve this compliance.
P03-242 - Characteristics Of Alcohol Use In A Medical Students Sample
Authors: Murgulescu A.-M. , Bumbu C. , Todoran A. , Samoila M. , Marinescu V. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveThe relationship between sociodemographic data and characteristics of alcohol use has been analyzed in a sample of medical students from Romania.MethodA questionnaire containing sociodemographic data and aspects of alcohol use was completed by students from different universities of medicine from Romania.ResultsA number of 156 subjects were questioned, with ages between 18 and 30 years. Of them 44.5% were female and 54.5% were male, and the majority were in their first university year of study. The number of alcohol units drank one time was less than 3 units for 70.5% of subjects and more than 3 units for 28.8% of subjects. Age and year of study were not significantly associated with the use of higher amount of alcohol units. Male subjects tend to have a significantly higher use of alcohol than female subjects. We found that the higher number of alcohol units used is associated with more somatic effects (nausea, vomiting, drowsiness) and with more risk behaviors with serious consequences (missing classes, driving, fighting, law problems). 73.7% of all subjects experienced at least one somatic effect and 43.6% of subjects had at least one risk behavior related problem. 15.38% of questioned subjects admitted that the alcohol use was a problem.ConclusionsThe use of more than 3 alcohol units was significantly associated with male gender, somatic effects and risk behaviors in our sample. Alcohol use is a major health problem worldwide with important social implications and apparently medical students also experience its unfavorable consequences.
P03-243 - Homosexual Women And Substance Use Disorder - A Case Report
Authors: Dostanic N. , Djeric A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesHomosexual women are frequently described as particularly exposed to alcohol and drug abuse, depression and suicide attempts. Despite the modern trends of a complete social inclusion of homosexual population, it is important to deal with peculiar features in the process of social adaptation of these people. Psychosocial variables may account for substance use patterns.MethodsThe authors are presenting the case report on a twenty eight year female drug addict (according to criteria of ICD-X), who was observed for three times at the Department for women addicts. During the early adolescence period, she periodically consumed marijuana. She became aware of her sexual orientation at the age of 15 and experienced first homosexual activity at the age of 17. She disclosed her homosexuality to her parents 5 years ago, and their reaction was very negative. At that period, she started to consume heroin and became a heroin addict. Following two treatments at our Institute, she refrained from using heroin until the pressures at home became unbearable. Drug use patterns became the only means for her to cope with the pressures from her family and peers and the only way to ease the pain of loneliness and overcome isolation and depression.ResultsAlthough homosexuality is neither a mental illness nor predisposition to mental illness, the psychosocial ramifications may create serious secondary emotional problems.ConclusionsHomosexual women experience specific health problems. Communication between medical staff and homosexual women must be improved so as to better address the latter's specific health care needs.
P03-265 - the evaluation of social and psychological factors related to addiction: a preliminary study of s.a.i.d. Validation
Authors: Vasale M. , Tonioni F. , De Filippis R. , Fanella F. , Focà F. , Franza R. , Luci G. , D’Alessandris L. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesMost of brief instruments of evaluation of substance related disorders focuses on the dependence physical indexes and/or on compulsion, evaluating only incidentally the dependence-related social and psychological factors. Our aim is to create and validate a short questionnaire, easy to be distributed, exploring the dependence social and psychological indexes and to be used to evaluate the effectiveness of the therapeutic and rehabilitation treatments whose aim is to change lifestyle as well as abstinence.MethodsThe S.A.I.D. is an auto-evaluation questionnaire of 39 items that explore emotions, thoughts and behaviours in addictive subjects, thus providing patient's diagnostic profile in two areas: social area, divided into 4 scales (work/study, relationships, social interaction, cure/physical health); psychological area, divided into 5 scales (depression, hostility, lack of attention, anxiety, alexithymia).446 subjects have been examined: 256 with alcohol dependence diagnosis by using DSM-IV-TR, 70 with cocaine dependence diagnosis by using DSM-IV-TR, 120 not clinical subjects representing the control sample, that are not under psychiatric treatments.ResultsThe statistical analysis by Student's t test has showed that the instrument is able to discriminate between alcoholics, cocaine addicts and healthy control subjects; Cronbach's Alpha analysis has noticed a good internal validation in two main areas of the questionnaire, but a substantial unhomogeneity about single subscales.ConclusionsThese results indicate that the instrument is useful for the overall evaluation of social and psychological impairment in addictions, but also suggest the need for a revision of the instrument aiming to a better internal consistency of subscales.
P03-266 - Rorschach Profile Of Alcohol-Depended Patients Of The Acute Ward, Psychiatric Hospital Of Petra Olympus, Katerini, Greece
Authors: Voura N. , Papanikolaou K. , Angelidis G.F. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectiveAnalysis of Rorschach inkblot responses of 22 alcohol-depended patients of the Acute Ward, Psychiatric Hospital of Petra Olympus, Greece.MaterialThe Acute Ward is a relatively small psychiatric ward that receives both voluntary and involuntary admissions of psychiatric patients of a catchment area of about 1000000 people.The material used for this study was the Rorschach inkblot responses of 22 alcohol-depended patients (19 males, 3 females) that were hospitalized in the Acute Ward during the first semester of 2009. The test was administered once, 2-5 days after admission and scored according to J.E. Exner's Comprehensive System.ResultsRorschach profile was similar for most of the cases. 19 out of 22 Rorschach performances (with no significant differences among the sexes) revealed recurrent attempts to elucidate alcoholic ‘signs’ and put forward characteristic alcoholic perceptual style. These patients also produced more responses revealing greater interest in other people, marked though by ambivalence, feelings of aggression and withdrawal or isolation from social interaction. Dependency needs were also exhibited.ConclusionThe Rorschach inkblot test is a psychological projective test of personality in which subjects’ interpretations of 10 standard abstract designs are analyzed as a measure of emotional and intellectual functioning and integration. It gets into the deepest recesses of patients’ psyche or subconscious mind. In the case of these alcohol-depended patients displayed specific problems of personality structure comprising a concrete Rorschach profile.
P03-272 - The Importance Of Substance Abuse For Participation In Social, Cultural, And Physical Activities
Authors: Wynn T.N. , Hoxmark E. , Wynn R. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionParticipation in social, cultural, and physical activities positively influences perceptions of health and quality of life. Few have studied how substance abuse influences patients’ participation in social, cultural and physical activities.Objectives/aimsWe examined patterns of past, recent and future (desired) activities of patients being admitted to substance abuse treatment at a Norwegian university hospital.MethodsA questionnaire was developed specifically for the self-reporting of social, cultural, and physical activities. Psychiatric diagnoses including substance use diagnoses and other clinical and demographic data were also obtained. Data were analysed with descriptive and comparative analyses, including ANOVA.Results78 patients responded (71%), 23 women, 55 men. Mean age was 38. 71% had a diagnosis of mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use, while some had personality disorders (8.9%) or schizophrenia (3.6%). The total amount of activities had dropped significantly compared to before the respondents started abusing substances, and the drop was particularly pronounced for physical activities (Figure).Changes in activitiesMost expressed an interest in increasing their social, cultural, and physical activities.ConclusionThe total amount of social, cultural, and physical activities falls markedly after starting substance abuse. Helping patients regain positive activities may improve subjective health and quality of life.
P03-274 - A Drug Screening Protocol: An Important Tool In Psychiatric Hospitalization
Authors: Zallo E. , Torreblanca M. , Euba O. , Chicharro F. , Pinilla E. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesIt is widely described in literature, the high comorbidity between drug misuse and psychiatric disorders. 85% of patients with serious mental disorders, use alcohol or tobacco and other drugs. In almost 50% of them consume alcohol and cannabis. If we consider just hospitalized patients, the prevalence varies between 12 and 50% of the cases.That is why in 2003 a multidisciplinary group was formed in order to study drug consumption at hospital and to establish a drug screening protocol to control this issue.The objective of the study is to explain the protocol introduced in 2003 and an example of its benefits specially in the reduction of cannabis consumption.MethodsThere was elected a multidisciplnary group formed by the hospital administrator, the laboratory technician, different psychiatrists and nurses. They designed the drug screening protocol that we show in this work.ResultsAs an example of the effectiveness of the protocol, we consider the evolution of cannabis misuse before and after protocol enforcement, looking for positive results in urine samples. In 2003, there were taken 2575 urine samples for cannabis screening and in the 35,22% of the cases the result was positive. On the other hand in 2009, 3656 urine samples were collected and just the 17.7% of the determinations were positive.ConclusionsThe design of a specific, serious, standarized drug screening protocol in a hospital permits to control and minimize drug misuse during inpatients' hospitalization.
P03-277 - Gender Differences In Adolescent Suicidal Behavior
Authors: Balazs J. , Dallos G. , Kereszteny A. , Gadoros J. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionThe relationship between psychiatric disorders and adolescent suicide is well established. The aim of the present study was to examine gender differences in suicidal behavior among adolescents.MethodsA structured diagnostic interview (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Kid (M.I.N.I. Kid)) was used to determine 25 psychiatric diagnoses defined by the DSM-IV and suicidal behavior (having any current suicidal ideations or suicide attempts). The study population consisted of adolescents (aged 11-18), who were consecutively, first time admitted patients with suicidal behavior (according to the M.I.N.I. Kid) into the Vadaskert Child Psychiatry Hospital, Budapest.ResultsAltogether 81 adolescents (46 girls (56.8%) and 35 boys (43.2%)) met the inclusion criteria. The most common psychiatric disorder of suicidal boys (n=35) was attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n=17; 48.6%), followed by oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) (n=16; 45.7%) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) (n=13; 37.1%). Among girls (n=46) the most common psychiatric disorder was dysthimia (n=23; 50%), followed by GAD (n=22; 47.8%) and ODD (n=20; 43.5%).LimitationsThis study examined an inpatient population with suicidal behavior, generalizations about outpatient and community samples cannot be made.ConclusionsBased on the present study in adolescent suicide prevention, in both sexes professionals have to pay attention to externalization and internalization disorders as well. The striking finding is the very high prevalence of ADHD among suicidal boys. It's important to emphasizes the important role of GAD and ODD as risk factors of suicidal behavior in both sexes and dysthymia among suicidal girls.
P03-280 - Problems Of Nurses In Communication With Individuals With Attempted Suicide
Authors: Burba B. , Grigaliuniene V. , Alcauskiene A. , Stolygaite A. 
Published: June 2010

Objectives1.To assess how nurses evaluate their abilities to communicate to individuals who attempted suicide.2.To ascertain the attitude of nurses to the importance of the influence of communication with patients to their social rehabilitation.3.To determine, what kind of help nurses would appreciate to improve communication with patients with attempted suicide.MethodsOriginal survey questionnaire, data analysis. Sample was selected by means of nonprobability - simple sampling method.ResultsStudy included a total number of 64 nurses working at the Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine. Most of nurses evaluate their communication with suicidal individuals as positive: 80 percent believe they listen closely to their patients, 69 percent believe they pay enough attention, 69 percent talk to patients about their problems. 66 percent of nurses report the lack of information about psychological characteristics of suicidal patients, and 48 percent refer to the lack of experience in communication with such patients as the greatest problems in communication with individuals with attempted suicide. Also 52 percent emphasize lack of time and 34 percent mention reluctance of doctors to cooperate. 66 percent of nurses would like to undergo training containing these topics during lectures and seminars.Conclusions1.Majority of nurses precisely determine suicide itself, however, causes of suicide are not so obvious.2.It is necessary to keep ongoing training of nursing staff on the topics of suicide prevention, treatment and rehabilitation.
P03-289 - Clinical And Statistical Analysis Of Suicides In Mental Patient Population (According To The Outpatient Service Data)
Authors: Ivanov O. , Egorov A. 
Published: June 2010

ObjectivesRussia has one of the highest suicidal ratings in the world. Mental patients form the absolute majority both in suicidal attempts and consummated suicides.Methods448 cases of mental patients with suicidal attempts in the period 1991-2001, who received medical care in St. Petersburg district outpatient clinic were studied.ResultsThe amount of suicidal patients among all mental outpatients was 4.9%. Male/female ratio was 1 : 1,6. Suicidal patients were diagnosed as schizophrenia (F2 -55.6%) and delusional disorders (F22 - 4.5%), affective disorders (F3 - 16.5%), organic disorders (F07.8 - 18.8%), personality disorders (F60 - 4.5%). Mean age for males was significantly lower (31.4) compared to females (36.6). The tendency of decrease in suicide mean age (4.1 year) was obtained during the period of 1990-2001. The preponderate mode of suicide in females was self-poisoning (82,7%); in males preponderate modes were self-injuring (50,6%) and self-poisoning (45,9%). The duration of mental disorder in our study was higher (mean 10.3 years), compared to previous data. Maximum of suicidal attempts (20%) was registered in 1997-96. Less number of registered suicidal attempts after 1997 may be explained by the loss of officially registered mental patients including firstly registered in the outpatient service. The role of risk factors such as mental disorder heredity, suicidal attempts in relatives, loneliness, and alcohol abuse was elucidated.ConclusionsAntisuicidal programs in outpatient care should include introduction of suicide risk ratings together with mental patient compliance improvement.
P03-292 - Suicidal Behavior In Psychotic Patients
Authors: Gómez Martínez R. , Ortega García M.D. , Martinez Martínez C. , Rodríguez Campos A. , Alonso de la Torre M.A. , Gómez Martínez L. , Agúndez Modino A. , Alvarez Silva I. 
Published: June 2010

IntroductionSuicide is one of the most frequent causes of death. In 1993, Bleuler emphasized its importance in his “Suicidal behavior is the most serious symptom of schizophrenia”. Since then, various studies have confirmed importance of suicide in schizophrenia, and today it's clear that his research and knowledge is one of the great challenges of psychiatry.Objectives-Establish clinical-socio-demographic profile and risk factors for psychotic people with autolytic behaviors.-Determine frequency of suicides in psychotic disorders in our area of care.Material and methodsRetrospective study(3 years evolution) that includes psychotic patients(diagnosed according DSM IV-TR) admitted to the HCU of Valladolid. With data provided by hospital medical records, analyzed socio-demographic variables and clinics. Study consists of two groups:group of cases(those patients who have suicidal behavior) and control group (those that haven't autolytic gesture during the study period). Statistical evaluation was performed with SPSS.Results-The sample includes 191 patients:41(21%) have attempted suicide.-Of them:73% are males;88% singles;51% have basic studies;61% we re unemployed;37% were 31-40 aged;54% started disease 21-30 aged and 63.5% are schizophrenic.-Considering statistical study we find that suicidal patient profile is male(p = 0.039),diagnosed with schizophrenia(p = 0.033),with previous suicide attempts(p = 0.009)and lack of social support(p = 0.007).Conclusions:-21% of hospitalized psychotic patients have presented some autolytic attempt.-Profile of suicidal psychotic patient is a male, single, 21-40 aged, primary education, unemployed, with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia, particularly paranoid, with ten years evolution,without acceptable social support, number of revenues higher than non-suicidal psychotic and a personal history of previous autolytic attempts.