bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identity and ranking of colonic mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Signore Michele , Cerio Anna Maria , Boe Alessandra , Pagliuca Alfredo , Zaottini Valentina , Schiavoni Ilaria , Fedele Giorgio , Petti Stefano , Navarra Simone , Ausiello Clara Maria , Pelosi Elvira , Fatica Alessandro , Sorrentino Antonio , Valtieri Mauro 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlthough ongoing clinical trials utilize systemic administration of bone‐marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) in Crohn's disease (CD), nothing is known about the presence and the function of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in the normal human bowel. MSCs are bone marrow (BM) multipotent cells supporting hematopoiesis with the potential to differentiate into multiple skeletal phenotypes. A recently identified new marker, CD146, allowing to prospectively isolate MSCs from BM, renders also possible their identification in different tissues. In order to elucidate the presence and functional role of MSCs in human bowel we analyzed normal adult colon sections and isolated MSCs from them. In colon (C) sections, resident MSCs form a net enveloping crypts in lamina propria, coinciding with structural myofibroblasts or interstitial stromal cells. Nine sub‐clonal CD146+ MSC lines were derived and characterized from colon biopsies, in addition to MSC lines from five other human tissues. In spite of a phenotype qualitative identity between the BM‐ and C‐MSC populations, they were discriminated and categorized. Similarities between C‐MSC and BM‐MSCs are represented by: Osteogenic differentiation, hematopoietic supporting activity, immune‐modulation, and surface‐antigen qualitative expression. The differences between these populations are: C‐MSCs mean intensity expression is lower for CD13, CD29, and CD49c surface‐antigens, proliferative rate faster, life‐span shorter, chondrogenic differentiation rare, and adipogenic differentiation completely blocked. Briefly, BM‐MSCs, deserve the rank of progenitors, whereas C‐MSCs belong to the restricted precursor hierarchy. The presence and functional role of MSCs in human colon provide a rationale for BM‐MSC replacement therapy in CD, where resident bowel MSCs might be exhausted or diverted from their physiological functions. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3291–3300, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fluid and white matter suppression with the MP2RAGE sequence
Authors: Tanner Mark , Gambarota Giulio , Kober Tobias , Krueger Gunnar , Erritzoe David , Marques José P. , Newbould Rexford 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPurpose:To develop a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence (fluid and white matter suppression, FLAWS) for generating two sets of images from a single acquisition: one with contrast similar to a T1‐weighted magnetization‐prepared rapid gradient‐echo sequence (MPRAGE) for structural definition; the other with nulled white matter (WM) signal intensity, similar to the fast gray matter T1 inversion recovery (FGATIR) sequence, for improved delineation of subcortical brain structures.Materials and Methods:The recently proposed MP2RAGE, which is a modification of the MPRAGE and generates two image sets at different inversion times, was employed to generate the FGATIR‐like contrast (FLAWS1) and MPRAGE‐like contrast (FLAWS2). Five healthy volunteers were scanned at 3T and brain tissue contrast and contrast‐to‐noise were compared.Results:FLAWS1 and FLAWS2 exhibited similar tissue contrast and contrast‐to‐noise as the “reference” sequences, FGATIR and MPRAGE, respectively. Synthetic minimum value images generated from FLAWS1 and FLAWS2 provided a gray matter‐dominant image.Conclusion:FLAWS provides two coregistered 3D volumes, one with nulled WM signal intensity and another with nulled cerebrospinal fluid. The coregistered nature of the two datasets allows for generating images that might be helpful in segmentation algorithms and clinical diagnosis. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:1063‐1070. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Human papillomavirus infection among young adolescents in India: Impact of vaccination
Authors: Hussain Showket , Bharadwaj Mausumi , Nasare Vilas , Kumari Malasha , Sharma Shashi , Hedau Suresh , Das Bhudev C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHigh‐risk human papillomaviruses (HR‐HPVs) are the causative agents of cervical cancer and prophylactic HPV vaccination has been recommended for adolescents but no data are available on the prevalence of HPV infection among adolescents in India. Self‐collected midstream urine samples from 940 healthy school children, aged 8–17 years, from 12 different schools in and around Noida and Delhi, India, were collected for HPV detection by PCR. Of 458 girls, 15 (3.2%) were positive for HPV and 10 (66.6%) were positive for high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR‐HPV) type16 and 2 (13.3%) for HPV 18. Of 342 boys, 7 (2.1%) were HPV positive, of which 5 (71.4%) had HPV type 6 but interestingly, none were positive for HR‐HPV types 16 or 18. Among HPV positive girls, 13 (66.6%) were >13 years and the rest were <13 years (P = 0.004), while all seven HPV positive boys were >13 years (P = 0.007). The majority of HPV positive adolescents (80–86%) belonged to the Hindu and related communities, whereas only about 14–20% belonged to the Muslim community. A significant association (P < 0.001) was observed between the parent's education and the awareness of cervical cancer, which was significantly higher among adolescent girls from India, thereby exerting an immense psychosocial impact on vaccination programs. A lower prevalence of HR‐HPV infection among adolescent girls will have significant positive effect on HPV vaccination and cancer control programs in India where education and awareness should go hand in hand. J. Med. Virol. 84:298–305, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Characterization of neutralizing antibodies in adults after intranasal vaccination with an inactivated influenza vaccine
Authors: Ainai Akira , Tamura Shin‐ichi , Suzuki Tadaki , Ito Ryo , Asanuma Hideki , Tanimoto Takeshi , Gomi Yasuyuki , Manabe Sadao , Ishikawa Toyokazu , Okuno Yoshinobu , Odagiri Takato , Tashiro Masato , Sata Tetsutaro , Kurata Takeshi , Hasegawa Hideki 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe levels and properties of neutralizing antibodies in nasal wash and serum collected from five healthy adults were examined after intranasal administration of an A/Uruguay/716/2007 (H3N2) split vaccine (45 µg hemagglutinin (HA) per dose; five doses, with an interval of 3 weeks between each dose). Prior to the assays, nasal wash samples were concentrated so that the total amount of antibodies was equivalent to about 1/10 of that found in the natural nasal mucus. Vaccination induced virus‐specific neutralizing antibody responses, which increased with the number of vaccine doses given. Neutralizing antibodies were produced more efficiently in the nasal passages than in the serum: A ≥4‐fold increase in nasal neutralization titres was observed after the second vaccination in four out of five subjects, whereas a rise in serum neutralization titres was observed only after the fifth vaccination. Nasal and serum neutralizing antibodies were mainly found in the polymeric IgA and monomeric IgG fractions, respectively, after gel filtration. Taken together, these results suggest that intranasal administration of an inactivated split vaccine induces high levels of nasal neutralizing antibodies (primarily polymeric IgA) and low levels of serum neutralizing antibodies (primarily monomeric IgG). J. Med. Virol. 84:336–344, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Current prevalence of HTLV‐1 in Japan as determined by screening of blood donors
Authors: Satake Masahiro , Yamaguchi Kazunari , Tadokoro Kenji 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHuman T‐cell leukemia virus type‐1 (HTLV‐1), a major source of adult T‐cell leukemia and related diseases, is endemic to southwestern Japan. Mother‐to‐infant transmission via breast milk is an important route of infection, and establishing programs to prevent such transmission requires exact figures on the HTLV‐1 prevalence rate and the number of carriers. Therefore, the seroprevalence of HTLV‐1 among 1,196,321 Japanese first‐time blood donors from 2006 to 2007 was investigated. A total of 3,787 of such donors were confirmed to be positive for anti‐HTLV‐1 antibody. By applying a fitness curve to the age ranges outside the blood donor age range, the present number of HTLV‐1 carriers covering ages from 0 to 99 years was estimated to be at least 1.08 million in Japan; this value was 10% lower than that reported in 1988. The adjusted overall prevalence rates were estimated to be 0.66% and 1.02% in men and women, respectively. The peak in carrier numbers was found among individuals in their 70s, which is a shift from the previous peak observed in the 1988 database among individuals in their 50s. Carriers were distributed not only in the endemic southwestern region of Japan, but throughout the country, particularly in the greater Tokyo metropolitan area. By applying population projections, it was calculated that the carrier number will decrease by half in the next two decades; however, the carrier population will age over that interval, meaning that the age of patients with adult T‐cell leukemia will also be higher. J. Med. Virol. 84:327–335, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Successful treatment of aciclovir and foscarnet resistant Herpes simplex virus lesions with topical imiquimod in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1
Authors: Lascaux Anne‐Sophie , Caumes Eric , Deback Claire , Melica Giovanna , Challine Dominique , Agut Henri , Lévy Yves 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAciclovir (ACV)‐resistant Herpes simplex virus type‐2 (HSV‐2) infections are observed commonly in patients also infected with HIV‐1. The use of foscarnet (FOS) in these patients may also lead to resistance. This situation can become a difficult therapeutic challenge. Four cases of patients infected with HIV and with mucocutaneous HSV‐2 resistant to ACV and FOS are reported. These patients were treated successfully with topical 5% imiquimod. Imiquimod treatment also appeared to delay the time to recurrence of HSV lesions. J. Med. Virol. 84:194–197, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pre‐existing YMDD mutants in treatment‐naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B are not selected during lamivudine therapy
Authors: Lee Sae Hwan , Kim Hong Soo , Byun In‐Seon , Jeong Soung Won , Kim Sang Gyune , Jang Jae Young , Kim Young Seok , Kim Boo Sung 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAlthough the rate at which mutations in the tyrosine‐methionine‐aspartate‐aspartate (YMDD) motif of hepatitis B virus polymerase form is high during prolonged lamivudine (LAM) therapy, these mutations sometimes occur naturally in treatment‐naïve patients with chronic hepatitis B. The prevalence of natural YMDD mutants differs geographically, and its clinical significance during LAM therapy is unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether pre‐existing YMDD mutants were selected during LAM therapy. It included 14 treatment‐naïve patients who were treated with LAM for at least 9 months. LAM resistance was evaluated before and at 3‐month intervals during treatment. Mutations were analyzed by direct sequencing, restriction fragment mass polymorphism (RFMP) assays, and a single‐step multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test using dual‐priming oligonucleotide (DPO) primers. DPO‐based multiplex PCR showed two YMDD mutations in two patients before LAM therapy; rtM204V and rtL180M + rtM204V/I. Further, two patients had an rtL180M mutation without an accompanying rtM204V/I mutation. No mutant was detected in any patient by direct sequencing or the RFMP assay before LAM therapy. A virological response was observed at 3 months in all patients with pre‐existing YMDD mutants. All mutations disappeared after 3 months of LAM therapy, and during the follow‐up period, no re‐emergence was detected by any of the three methods. Further, the viral load was suppressed optimally. In conclusion, pre‐existing YMDD mutants were cleared early during the course of LAM therapy, which produced a consistent virological response, and the mutants were not selected by LAM therapy. J. Med. Virol. 84:217–222, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multicenter assessment of HIV‐1 RNA quantitation in semen in the CREAThE network
Authors: Pasquier Christophe , Andreutti Corinne , Bertrand Evelyne , Bostan Alionka , Bourlet Thomas , Molina Irene , Grossman Zehava , Halfon Philippe , Leruez‐Ville Marianne , Lüneborg‐Nielsen Margrethe , Mar Carmen , Marcelin Anne‐Geneviève , Roussel‐Ronserail Catherine , Schmitt Marie‐Paule , Tabrizi Sepehr , Vourliotis Maria , Bujan Louis 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDetection of HIV‐1 RNA in semen is used commonly to determine the safety of semen processing procedures before assisted reproductive technology (ART). Using two panels of prepared semen samples containing HIV‐1 the performances of protocols from 14 centers have been compared. No false‐positive results were detected but false‐negative results were frequent when the concentration was below 500 HIV‐1 RNA copies/ml of seminal plasma. Frequency of HIV‐1 RNA detection was higher on seminal cells than on seminal plasma. Assays (or protocols) for quantifying HIV‐1 RNA in semen performed less well than standardized blood plasma assays. The HIV load in seminal plasma could be a useful marker of the risk of sexual transmission of the virus. Its use as a marker of global HAART efficiency in the HIV reservoir needs further study. Standardized assays are required for detection and measurement of HIV‐1 RNA in semen samples. J. Med. Virol. 84:183–187, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of in vivo mechanical loading on large bone defect regeneration
Authors: Boerckel Joel D. , Kolambkar Yash M. , Stevens Hazel Y. , Lin Angela S.P. , Dupont Kenneth M. , Guldberg Robert E. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFracture healing is highly sensitive to mechanical conditions; however, the effects of mechanical loading on large bone defect regeneration have not been evaluated. In this study, we investigated the effects of functional loading on repair of critically sized segmental bone defects. About 6‐mm defects were created in rat femora, and each defect received 5 µg recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP‐2), delivered in alginate hydrogel. Limbs were stabilized by either stiff fixation plates for the duration of the study or compliant plates that allowed transfer of compressive ambulatory loads beginning at week 4. Healing was assessed by digital radiography, microcomputed tomography, mechanical testing, histology, and finite element modeling. Loading significantly increased regenerate bone volume and average polar moment of inertia. The response to loading was location‐dependent with the polar moment of inertia increased at the proximal end of the defect but not the distal end. As a result, torsional stiffness was 58% higher in the compliant plate group, but failure torque was not altered. In single samples assessed for histology from each group, a qualitatively greater amount of cartilage and a lesser degree of remodeling to lamellar bone occurred in the loaded group compared to the stiff plate group. Finally, principal strain histograms, calculated by FE modeling, revealed that the compliant plate samples had adapted to more efficiently distribute loads in the defects. Together, these data demonstrate that functional transfer of axial loads alters BMP‐induced large bone defect repair by increasing the amount and distribution of bone formed within the defect. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:1067–1075, 2012
Differences between wheat cultivars in acquisition and utilization of phosphorus
Authors: Horst Walter J. , Abdou Mohamed , Wiesler Franz 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIn an attempt to evaluate whether breeding and selection for high yielding capacity changed the P requirement of modem wheat cultivars. the response of two wheat cultivars to different levels of P supply was investigated. A traditional cultivar (‘Peragis’) and a modern spring‐wheat cultivar (‘Cosir’) were cultivated in a C‐loess low in available P and high in CaCO3 in 120 cm high PVC tubes. In addition and for comparison, nutrient solution experiments were also conducted. Shoot growth, root growth. P uptake. P translocation and P distribution within the shoot at different developmental stages were compared.The grain yield of the modern cultivar ‘Cosir’ was higher at limiting and non‐limiting P supply and. therefore, this cultivar can be considered as more P‐efficient than the traditional cultivar. Grain yield reduction at low P supply was mainly due to an inhibition of tillering and thus lower number of ears per plant, whereas the number of grains per ear was hardly affected. Reduced tillering at low P supply could not be related to P concentrations in the shoot meristematic tissues which were generally much higher than in other plant tissues and kept at an elevated level even at limiting P supply. Root branching (1st order laterals) was reduced at limiting P supply in ‘Cosir’ but not in ‘Peragis’ which, generally, had lower numbers of laterals at the beginning of tillering.From the results it can be concluded that the main factors contributing to the higher P efficiency of the modern cultivar ‘Cosir’ are (i) efficient use of assimilates for root‐growth characteristics which enhance P acquisition: enhanced root branching and thus smaller mean root diameter and longer root hairs, (ii) an efficient P uptake system, (iii) efficient remobilization of P from vegetative plant organs to the grains, and most importantly (iv) lower P requirement for grain yield formation because of lower ear number per plant but higher grain number per ear.
Behaviour of metolachlor and terbuthylazine in cultivated field lysimeters
Authors: Leita Liviana , Ceccon Paolo , Marucchini Cesare , Mondini Claudio 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn experiment has been carried out in cultivated drainage lysimeters filled with reported soil in order to investigate on the disappearance and mobility of Metolachlor and Terbuthylazine as related to the nitrogen fertilization level. Two experimental units have been compared: in the O‐N treatment the soil did not receive N fertilizers during the 7 years previous to the experiment, whereas in the H—N treatment the average application rate of nitrogen during the same period was 220 kg ha−1 year−1; a corn crop has been cultivated in the present experiment. The active ingredients have been analysed in the artificial soil profile (from 0 to 40 cm, by 10 cm soil layers) and in leachates. The disappearance rate of Terbuthylazine was affected by nitrogen fertilization level, as the half life resulted about 7 days higher in O—N (21.9 days) treatment than in H—N (14.6 days). On the contrary, N fertilization did not significantly modify the half life of Metolachlor (17.2 and 15.9 days at O—N and H—N, respectively). A N‐dealkylated degradation product of Terbuthylazine has been found in the shallow soil layers. The distribution pattern of herbicides content in the soil profile showed that Terbuthylazine was less mobile than Metolachlor. Leachates did not contain Terbuthylazine at all, but amounts of Metolachlor close to the detection limits (25 μg L−1).
Effects of thiamine and nitrogen fertilizer form on the number of N2−fixing and total bacteria in the rhizosphere of maize plants
Authors: Azaizeh Hassan A. , Neumann Günter , Marschner Horst 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe effects of thiamine (vitamin B1) application as seed dressing and of N form supplied (NH4+ versus NO3−) on rhizosphere pH and on rhizosphere microorganisms were evaluated in two different soils. Imbibition of maize (Zea mays L.) seeds with thiamine (1 g kg−1) increased seed thiamine content by a factor of 370. Maize plants from untreated and treated seeds were cultivated in a growth chamber under controlled conditions for 10 d in a sandy loam soil, pH 7.1 (Mascherode soil) or in a sandy soil, pH 4.8 (Niger soil) fertilized with two different N sources (NO3−N or NH4−N with dicyandiamide, 100 and 250 mg N kg−1 soil). The rhizosphere pH was not affected by thiamine, only slightly affected by N source in the Mascherode soil, but markedly affected in the Niger soil.Thiamine application and N source affected the most probable number (MPN) of diazotrophs and total bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of 10 d old maize plants. In the Mascherode soil, thiamine application increased MPN of diazotrophs 4‐fold and total bacteria 2‐fold when the soil was fertilized with 100 mg NO3−N compared to untreated seedlings. Compared to Mascherode soil, in the Niger soil, MPN of diazotrophs was extremely low, especially after NH4−N treatment which significantly decreased pH of the rhizosphere. Thiamine application had only marginal effects on the MPN of diazotrophs and total bacteria. Total bacteria isolated from Niger soil fertilized with NH4−N were about 10‐fold lower compared to the soil from Mascherode. However, in the other two treatments, total bacteria were higher in the Niger soil compared to the Mascherode soil. In the Niger soil, apparently some of the heterotrophs (the Actinomycetes dominated in this soil) might have suppressed the diazotrophs. The results of the present study demonstrate that in many cases seed treatment with thiamine enhances MPN of diazotrophs and total bacteria in the rhizosphere of maize seedlings.
Evidence for effects of CO2 on soil solution chemistry in spodosols by a simple in‐field extractor
Authors: Kaupenjohann Martin , David Mark B. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDegassing of CO2 during collection of soil solution may alter the chemical composition of the solution, especially in well‐buffered soils. We used a simple syringe extractor for field sampling of soil solution along with ambient soil air in order to test the influence of degassing of CO2 on solution pH in acid soils (Spodosol B and C horizons collected in Central Maine, USA). Soil air concentrations of CO2 varied from 0.36 to 1.35 ml l‐1 during sampling immediately after snow melt. Degassing increased solution pH by 0.3 to 0.5 pH units. Both in‐situ and degassed pH were predicted by the Reuss and Johnson soil chemical equilibrium model. The results suggest, (i) that the simple method is useful for determination of solution from wet soil under ambient soil air conditions and (ii) that degassing plays a significant role for soil solution chemistry even in Spodosol B and C horizons.
Translocation of 203Hg labelled HgCl2 and CH3HgCl in an iron‐humus podzol studied by radio‐analytical techniques
Authors: Schlüter Kai 
Published: December 2011

AbstractSince increased Hg‐concentrations in fish in lakes and rivers in northern Europe, northern parts of the U.S.A. and Canada were found, environmental Hg research has focused intensively on the factors determining leaching of mercury from soil into water systems. This article presents the results of a leaching experiment with undisturbed soil columns treated with HgCI2 and CH3HgCl using radio‐analytical techniques. The columns were irrigated with rain of different acidity, rain volumes and irrigation intensities. The leaching of mercury was traced by detecting the vertical distribution of 203Hg in the soil profiles. Advantages and disadvantages of radioanalytical scanning techniques are discussed. The results of Hg leaching in the soil columns indicate a considerably stronger leaching of monomethyl mercury compared to inorganic mercury. Leaching of the two Hg‐species is ruled by competition of H+ induced soil‐Hg desorption with DOM‐Hg complex formation; both being affected by rain acidity. Rain intensity had no visible effect on leaching of Hg2+ and CH3Hg+. An extended rain duration increased the leaching of CH3Hg+.