bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART-EM) among Emergency Physicians: A Pilot Intervention Study
Authors: Somville Francis , Bogaert Peter Van , De Cauwer Harald , Haegdorens Filip , Franck Erik 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim was to test the feasibility and reliability of the Stress Management and Resiliency Training (SMART-EM) program in decreasing stress and burnout among emergency physicians. In addition, the research attempted to see whether resilience and quality of life could be improved within this professional group.
Methods:
With ethics committee approval. A total of 42 emergency physicians agreed, after informed consent, to participate in this study and were included in the intervention group that received the SMART-EM program or the nonintervention group for 3 three months. Participation was voluntary. They all completed the pre- and post-intervention surveys. The SMART-EM program involved a first session of 2.5 hours and a second session of 1.5 hours. With one follow-up presentation and a survey at the beginning of the intervention and another at the end of the 3-month intervention. Surveys, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, ProQOL Scale, and Burnout Assessment Tool Scale, were used for both groups before and after 3 months of the SMART-EM intervention.
Results:
A total of 37 emergency physicians completed both surveys in this study. No significant improvements in perceived stress, quality of life, or burnout at 3 months were observed in the SMART-EM intervention group compared to the nonintervention control group. Resilience, measured by the Psychological Resilience scale, showed improvement in the SMART-EM intervention group, aligning with the theory of a unified construct enhancing adaptive behavior. However, these changes were not statistically significant compared to the nonintervention group.
Conclusion:
It could be valuable, acceptable and feasible to use two sessions to reduce stress in emergency physicians through the SMART-EM program. However, our intervention did not significantly or clinically improve perceived stress, quality of life, or well-being, and therefore, we suggest further research on its clinical effectiveness.
Identification of Key Transcription Factors Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease for Early Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Zhou Wei , Jia Qingqing , Wu Shujun , Wang Xinyu , Jiang Mingzhu , Yu Xiaowen , Meng Hanyan , Liu Fei , Mao Jianhua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern with significant implications for public health and mortality rates, projected to become the fifth leading cause of death by 2040. The search for early diagnostic targets for CKD is imperative. In this study, we concentrated on identifying key transcription factors (TFs) for the early diagnosis of CKD and established a regulatory network between these TFs and their corresponding target genes.
Methods: We conducted microarray data analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the associated pathways in CKD. We further explored the potential regulatory TFs among DEGs using the TRRUST v2 database and validated the TF-target regulatory relationships through correlation analysis and the JASPAR database. The protein expression of the identified TFs in renal tissues was also assessed.
Results:The analysis identified six TFs, namely HNF4A, CEBPA, CREB1, FOS, HIF1A, and SP1, which demonstrated potential as diagnostic biomarkers for CKD. These TFs showed differentially expressed patterns in CKD and were found to have multiple regulatory relationships with DEGs, indicating their crucial role in the disease process. ROC analysis revealed high predictive efficiency for four of these TFs (CREB1, FOS, HIF1A, and SP1), while the combined predictive efficiency of all TFs was exceptionally high.
Conclusion:Our findings highlight the role of transcription factors in the pathophysiological process of CKD and identify several key TFs with potential for clinical translation as early diagnostic biomarkers for the disease. Further validation and exploration are warranted to leverage the potential clinical utility of these TFs in the early diagnosis and prognosis of CKD.
Identifying palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Xiaocheng , Liu Hui , Ying Wenjuan , Zhang Yuying , Gong Xiaoling , Huang Junfang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Home-based palliative care is an ideal model for providing continuous, effective, and timely care at the patient’s home. However, the timely recognition of palliative home care needs remains a clinical challenge, and few studies have described the characteristics of palliative care needs and quality of life at home.Objectives To identify the palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer and explore the influencing factors in addressing these needs.Methods In this cross-sectional study, convenience samples were collected from four cities in mainland China between May 2020 and November 2021. The revised Problems and Needs in Palliative Care-short version was used to evaluate palliative home care needs. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 was used to evaluate the participants’ quality of life. We used SPSS version 23.0 for all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation, and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the data.Results Four hundred and forty participants completed the survey. The patients’ palliative home care needs were primarily related to physical symptoms, home health care services, and psychological issues. For items, the top three palliative home care needs were related to financial needs, “extra expenditures because of the disease” (75.9%), psychological issues, “fear of getting worse” (72.8%), and “fear of physical suffering” (67.9%). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 53.5% of palliative home care needs could be explained by the Karnofsky Performance Status and quality of life: physical, role, emotional, and financial difficulties scales.Conclusion Patients had numerous palliative home care needs associated with quality of life, and the existing services did not cover all needs under the current healthcare system. Financial support and multidisciplinary palliative home care teams are required to improve standards of care and access to palliative home care services.
Non-Local Interactions Determine Accurate Local Structure and Lithium Diffusion in Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Banerjee Swastika , Tkatchenko Alexandre 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Solid-state batteries, in which solid electrolytes (SEs) replace their liquid alternatives, promise high energy density and safety. However, understanding the relation between SE composi- tion and properties, stemming from intricate interactions among constituent sublattices that involve non-local electronic and nuclear dynamics, remains a critical and unsolved challenge. In this work, we assess a range of state-of-the-art electronic structure methods and show that a density-functional method that accounts for the non-locality and many-body effects in both electronic exchange and correlation interactions provides predictive results for the local structure and diffusion properties of SEs. This is exemplified on the chemical space of argyrodite SEs, specifically those with the chemical formula Li6MS5X (LMSX; M = P, Ge, Si, Sn; X = Cl, Br, I), serving as paradigmatic and challenging test cases. The employed HSE06+MBDNL method unveils how the S/X site disorder and the anionic sublattice gov- ern lithium diffusion across the LMSX compositional space. The disorder at the S/X site determines the number of accessible lithium diffusion channels, while non-local exchange and van der Waals interactions finely adjust the coupling between the framework lattice and mobile lithium, thereby regulating the barrier for Li migration. Consequently, the intricate interplay of non-local electronic interactions in the predictive design of Li-solid electrolytes – and likely many other functional materials – is emphasized.
Joint Scheduling and Routing for End-to-End Deterministic Transmission in TSN
Authors: Ja Jie , Zhang Yiyue , Xue Yi , Chen Jian , Du An , Wang Xingwei 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The time-sensitive networking (TSN) technique has shown its potential to provide deterministic communication guarantees for industrial applications. Specifically, the recently applied cyclic queuing and forwarding (CQF) mechanism in TSN can further provide bounded latency and stable delay jitter for time-triggered (TT) flows with simplified configuration of gate control list (GCL) for TSN switches. However, previous traffic scheduling approaches with the CQF mechanism have overlooked the influence of routing strategies on scheduling optimization. To account for the interaction between the scheduling and routing problems, we propose a two-layer heuristic optimization algorithm, called the Joint Optimization on Offset and Route Selection (JOORS). In this algorithm, the inner layer is responsible for selecting routing decisions, while the outer layer focuses on selecting the time offset.The algorithm establishes the connection between the inner and outer decisions through simulating the flow scheduling process. The goal of the JOORS algorithm is to maximize the scheduling success rate for TT flows in a TSN network based on the CQF mechanism.Extensive simulations demonstrate that the JOORS algorithm can significantly improve the scheduling success rate compared to other algorithms and benchmark schemes.
Improved estimation of lake greenhouse gas emissions in China based on nutrients and potential benefits from eutrophication controls
Authors: Tong Yindong , Wang Qirui , Zhao Feng , Huang Zhao , Zhi Wei , Xie Jiawen , Chai Guangshuo , Liu Rongkun , Cui Xiaoyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Lakes are important natural sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs) to the atmosphere, and their nutrient status is a significant driver affecting GHGs production and emission. Nevertheless, when estimating GHGs emissions at regional or national scales, the variations in emission rates caused by differences in nutrient status are often overlooked or not adequately considered. The potential social benefits of eutrophication control in mitigating climate change damage were rarely quantified, leading to largely underestimated benefits generated from water quality improvement. In this study, we compiled a comprehensive dataset on the emission rates of three typical GHGs (i.e., CO2, CH4, and N2O) from China’s lakes (n=356), and their nutrient concentrations, lake morphologies, and climate information. The fitted models between lake GHG emission rates and their drivers were established to upscale national GHGs emissions from lakes and approximate the changes in GHGs emissions under different nitrogen and phosphorus levels. We found that the current GHGs emissions from China’s lakes were 48.44 (31.60‒73.79) Tg CO2-eq·y-1, with CO2 emissions contributing around 52%. Even with a mere 10% reduction in nitrogen concentration in lakes nationwide over 2020‒2050, the estimated decrease in the GHGs emissions over the 30-year period would be 46.9 Tg CO2-eq, avoided climate change damages values could reach $1.5‒4.9 billion (2020 $US). Lake eutrophication controls can present an excellent chance to simultaneously achieve the Sustainable Development Goals of “clean water and sanitation” and “climate action”, accelerating the global progress toward sustainability.
Research on Retrieval Model of Daily Maximum Temperature in Rice Growing region of Sichuan Province Based on Remote Sensing Data
Authors: Wang Fuzeng , Yang Sihui , Yuan Shujie , Han Lin , Wang Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Based on the observation data of 103 conventional meteorological stations, MODIS data and geographic information data, the BP neural network, Random Forest and support vector machine methods based on genetic algorithm were applied to build the retrieval model of daily maximum temperature in Growing region of Sichuan Province. The results indicated that: (1) Compared to other models, the model combining multispectral information with spatiotemporal information for daily maximum temperature inversion had the highest inversion accuracy. The inversion model using only spectral information for daily maximum temperature had the lowest inversion accuracy. The addition of spatial and temporal information could effectively mitigate the impact of complex atmospheric environments on model inversion. (2) For the inversion model of BP neural network based on genetic algorithm and Random Forest algorithm, the accuracy of the model was significantly improved by the day sequence information, and for the inversion model based on support vector machine, the accuracy of the model was significantly improved by the spatial information. (3) The inversion model based on Random Forest had the highest precision, RMSE = 2.19 ℃. The inversion model based on support vector machine had the second highest accuracy, with RMSE = 2.31 ℃. The inversion model based on genetic algorithm and BP neural network has the lowest accuracy, with RMSE = 2.44 ℃.
Virulence analysis of wheat stem rust pathogen (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) using differential lines
Authors: Jashni Mansoor Karimi , Khanboluki Fatemeh , Nasrollahi Mahmoud 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Wheat stem rust caused by a fungus Puccinia graminis f.sp tritici (Pgt) is one of the most significant wheat diseases infecting all the above-ground parts of the wheat plant. Pgt is an obligate biotrophic pathogen with rapid genetic changes through sexual reproduction on alternative host barberry and spontaneous mutations during its life cycle. Emergence and prevalence of new races result in incidence of epidemies on susceptible wheat. To monitor the genetic change and virulence variability of Pgt population, we studied the collected wheat stem rust samples from eight different provinces of Iran during 2020–2022. For each sample, virulence was assessed on the seedling stage of 20 North American differential lines carrying one of stem rust resistance genes Sr5, Sr21, Sr9e, Sr7b, Sr6, Sr8a, Sr9b, Sr9a, Sr9g, Sr11, Sr36, Sr30, SrMcN, Sr31، Sr24, Sr17, Sr9d, Sr10, SrTmp and Sr38. Results showed that among purely thrived 43 samples, the most virulence was on lines carrying Sr5, Sr6, Sr8a, Sr9b, Sr30, Sr17, Sr21, Sr9e, Sr7b, Sr9d, Sr10, SrTmp, Sr38, and SrMcN, while lines carrying Sr31 and Sr24 genes were resistant to the most of races. Data revealed that the majority of isolates belong to virulent races TTTTK, TTTTF, PTTTK and TKTTK. Races PTTTK and TTTTF were the most frequenct among all 13 identified races. To our knowledge, races TTTTK and PTTTK have not been reported previously from Iran. To employ the effective genes in wheat breeding programs, continuous monitoring of genetic change and virulence variability of Pgt population is required.
Photo-activated Efficacy Against HIV-1, Multiple Microbes and Biofilms by Zinc-complexes of Combinations of Cationic Ammoniumphenyl and Methylpyridinium-Porphyrins
Authors: Sharma Debdulal , Rai Madhu , Das Nandita , Kapavarapu Ravi Kumar , Pandey Piyush , Gaur Ritu , Sengupta Devashish 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study investigates the synthesis and characterization of cationic porphyrins, namely P3AmM, PAm3M, and c-P2Am2M, and their zinc(II)-complexes, P3AmZM, PAm3ZM, and c-P2Am2ZM. These compounds were developed by strategically methylating primary amino groups in precursor porphyrins to overcome steric hindrances associated with repetitive amine alkylation. Under photodynamic therapy (PDT) conditions, these porphyrins showed significant suppression of HIV-1 synthesis and infection, along with antibacterial properties against drug-resistant Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolates. The bacterial growth dynamics indicated restrained proliferation and reduced biofilm production in the presence of the porphyrins over five days, underscoring their efficacy as antibacterial agents. Particularly, P3AmZM, PAm3ZM, c-P2Am2ZM, c-P2Am2ZM, and PAm3M exhibited heightened antibacterial activity against both strains, with Staphylococcus aureus showing greater susceptibility. Disc diffusion assays highlighted the superior antibacterial efficacy of compounds c-P2Am2M and c-P2Am2ZM, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus. Computational molecular docking simulations revealed enhanced binding energy and interaction profiles of the lead compounds, c-P2Am2M and c-P2Am2ZM, with various HIV targets. These findings suggest these compounds deserve recognition as prospective synergistic anti-HIV agents with potent antibiotic properties under PDT conditions.
The Efficancy Evaluation of Zirconia Crown on Primary Molars with Carious Defects
Authors: Deng# Shuman , Niu Shanshan , Gao# Qi , Zhang Li , Chen Zhixiao , Pei Liling 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To estimate the therapeutic effects of preformed metal crown (PMC) and prefabricated Nusmile ZR crowns (ZC) on decayed primary morals in children and to analyze the possible influencing factors.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was used in this study. A total of 192 patients aged 3 to 8 were recruited in the Stomatological Department of Shenzhen Children's Hospital ranged from October 2021 to October 2023. The decayed mandibular first molars were selected and restored with vital pulp therapy followed by PMC and ZC , including 96 cases (96 caries) in the PMC group and 96 cases (96 caries) in the ZC
group. Oral clinical examination was respectively performed at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment, overwiewing the clinical therapeutic effects and periodontal status of PMC group and ZC group as well as recording the crown integrity, gingival index (GI), probing bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PLI) and various prosthetic indices.
Results
There were no significance in periodontal status of PMC group and ZC group at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment (P > 0.05). However, GI, BI and PLI in PMC group were higher than those in ZC group at 3 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment , and the difference was dramatically significant (P< 0.05). There had no close bearing on various prosthetic indices(P>0.05). There were no significant differences in GI, BI and PLI between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences in various prosthetic indices between genders after PMC restorations (P > 0.05). The scores of girls in various prosthetic indices after ZC restoration were higher than those of boys (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis indicate that there was an inverse correlation between age in PMC group and the GI, BI, PLI and FDI indices (P < 0.01), rather than in NuSmile ZC groups(P> 0.05).
Conclusions
PMC and ZC can be applied to restore deciduous molar caries . The periodontal status of deciduous teeth in ZC group was superior to that in PMC group. The periodontal status of deciduous teeth in PMC group may be stable as age increased.
Mechanical-Chemical Coupled Synthesis for Long-Range Ordered Perovskites
Authors: Wang Kai , Liu Hong , Wu Haodong , Zhou Zezhu , Ren Lizhi , Yang Yi , Zhang Aiping , Qian Jin , Priya Shashank , Poudel Bed , Yang Dong , Wu Congcong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Coupling mechanical and chemical effects during the crystal synthesis can lead to unexpected material attributes. The role of mechanical effects during the wet chemical synthesis of halide perovskite remains insufficiently explored, mainly due to its temporal asynchronization with the typical slower solvent evaporation-motivated chemical changes. In this study, we introduce mechanical shearing stress into a short temporal-window of crystal synthesis by using a fast-crystallization precursor system, which synergizes mechanical shearing effects with the atomic assembly thermodynamics of perovskite. This synthetic protocol facilitates cross-lengthscale influences, allowing macroscopic dynamic shearing to impact the atomic lattice rearrangement, growth, and facet orientation. Such an effect is consistently observed across atomic to inch-scale, culminating in films with long-range uniformity that are challenges via conventional methods. The as-synthesized perovskite films exhibit exceptional crystalline orientation and structural uniformity, demonstrating a significant Hermann’s orientation factor of -0.314 and leading to a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 25.90% on small area cell and exceeding 21% in a 70 cm2 solar module. This synthetic approach exemplifies the philosophy of utilizing mechanical shearing to foster the assembly of long-range ordered crystallographic lattice, thereby providing a new manufacturing route for synthesizing scalable high-quality perovskite films.
Prevalence and factors associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders among porters in selected taxi parks of Kigali city, Rwanda. A retrospective study
Authors: Frank Rutayisire , Emmanuel Kubana , Nsanzabera Charles 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Musculoskeletal disorders are injuries or dysfunctions affecting muscles, bones, nerves, tendons, ligaments, joints, cartilages, and spinal discs. Musculoskeletal disorders include sprains, strains, tears, soreness, pain, carpal tunnel syndrome, hernias, and connective tissue injuries of the structures previously mentioned. There is a scarcity of literature regarding musculoskeletal (MSDs) on porters including prevalence of musculoskeletal (MSDs), personal factors that can lead to musculoskeletal (MSDs) and ergonomic factors which should workers be exposed to the risk for the development of musculoskeletal (MSDs).Methodology A cross- sectional study design was used, and questionnaire has been employed as data collection instruments. The sample size was 114 individuals. The study used probability sampling with stratified random sampling technique where each person in the people has an equivalent opportunity of being included in the sample. Multivariate analysis was involved in data analysis for factor factors associated with musculoskeletal (MSDs) with 95% level of confidence Interval and P value of 0.05.Results The results showed a proportion of 68.2% for musculoskeletal (MSDs) prevalence. The knowledge of different types of musculoskeletal (MSDs) showed that the most known musculoskeletal disorders types was Sprains, strains, and tears. Lifting heavy luggage is 0.9 times less likely of developing musculoskeletal (MSDs) than those who not lifting heavy luggage with (OR:0.9; CI: 0.2–2.4), having much regular working hours is 0.9 times less likely of developing musculoskeletal (MSDs) than those who have less regular working hours with (OR:0.9; CI: 0.2–2.4), and being single is 1.63 times more likely associated with the risk of developing musculoskeletal (MSDs) than those who are married/separated or divorced with (OR:1.63, CI 0.72–1.77).Conclusion The study concluded that factors such as not lifting heavy luggage, less experience and much regular working hours are the protective factors for musculoskeletal (MSDs) while being single and having less weight are the associated factors with musculoskeletal (MSDs).