bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topographical analyses of proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in micro‐ and macropores of apatite‐fiber scaffold
Authors: Honda Michiyo , Fujimi Takahiko J. , Izumi Shigeki , Izawa Kouji , Aizawa Mamoru , Morisue Hikaru , Tsuchiya Takahide , Kanzawa Nobuyuki 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA variety of calcium phosphates have been used for bone tissue‐engineering applications. We developed porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) ceramics by firing green compacts consisting of spherical carbon beads and HAp fiber. The apatite‐fiber scaffold (AFS) forms a three‐dimensional network of fibers with two different pore sizes (micro‐ and macropores). In this study, we investigated cell distribution and fine cell structure in AFS by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Osteoblastic cells were permeated homogenously throughout the scaffold under static culture conditions and grew three‐dimensionally in macropores of AFS. Cells penetrated into micropores when they were capable of cell–cell formations. Cell proliferation and differentiation were also evaluated by biochemical and molecular biological approaches. The expression levels of early‐phase osteogenic genes in AFS increased immediately, and those of middle‐phase genes were maintained during the 2‐week study period. Furthermore, the expression of late‐phase markers increased gradually during the incubation period. These data indicate that macropores provide sufficient space for cell growth and proliferation and that micropores facilitate cell differentiation via cell–cell networks. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of three‐dimensional culture systems comprising AFS, which mimics the microenvironment of bone cells. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Immobilization of the irreversible thrombin inhibitor D‐Phe‐Pro‐Arg‐chloromethylketone: A concept for hemocompatible surfaces?
Authors: Maitz Manfred F. , Sperling Claudia , Werner Carsten 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe irreversible thrombin inhibitor D‐Phe‐Pro‐Arg‐chloromethylketone (PPACK) was covalently immobilized to PEGylated polymer thin films at its primary α‐amino group. Activity assays and capture of radioconjugated thrombin reveal that the PPACK‐decorated surfaces could bind thrombin forming up to 30% of a monolayer density. Back‐calculation of this high thrombin‐inhibiting capacity indicated that the surface immobilization of the inhibitor was still associated with more than two orders of magnitude of loss of activity; increasing activity was observed at higher surface densities. PPACK‐containing polymer films almost duplicated the plasma coagulation time when compared with the reference substrate without inhibitor. In whole blood, however, the anticoagulant properties were below those previously found for benzamidine‐type reversible thrombin inhibitors; in addition, the surface exhibited inflammatory properties. It is concluded that immobilized reversible thrombin inhibitors are more effective by passivating higher amounts of thrombin in a cooperative action with antithrombin III. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010
Optimisation of a fermentation process for butanol production by particle swarm optimisation (PSO)
Authors: Mariano Adriano Pinto , Costa Caliane Bastos Borba , de Angelis Dejanira de Franceschi , Filho Francisco Maugeri , Atala Daniel Ibraim Pires , Wolf Maciel Maria Regina , Maciel Filho Rubens 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:The performance of three particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithms was assessed in relation to their capability to optimise an alternative fermentation process for the production of biobutanol. The process consists of three interconnected units: fermentor, cell retention system and vacuum flash vessel (responsible for the continuous recovery of butanol from the broth). The dynamic behaviour of the process was described by a non‐linear mathematical model. Four constrained optimisation problems were formulated concerning the operation and design of flash fermentation: (1) maximisation of butanol productivity; (2) maximisation of substrate conversion; (3) and (4) adjustment of operating conditions in the face of problems of fluctuations in the quality of the agricultural raw material and changes in the kinetics of the microorganisms.RESULTS:The design and operation of the flash fermentation process based on the optimisation of productivity, instead of substrate conversion, resulted in a smaller fermentor and provided satisfactory values of operating conditions able to overcome problems of variations in the glucose concentration in the raw material and changes in kinetics.CONCLUSIONS:The differences among the PSO algorithms, i.e. the velocity equation and parameters values, had significant effects on the optimisation, the best results being obtained with the original velocity equation with the inertia weight decreasing linearly with each iteration. The PSO algorithms obtained solutions that obeyed constraints, demonstrating that a constraint handling method originally developed for genetic algorithms can be applied successfully to PSO algorithms. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Spontaneous inferior epigastric artery pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Venkatesh Sudhakar Kundapur , Reynolds Visnja Baksa , Raj Sidhu Harvinder , Maran Priyanthi Kumarasinghe 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA case of spontaneous pseudoaneurysm of the inferior epigastric artery—diagnosed on Doppler sonography—is presented. A 19‐year‐old boy presented with a lump in the anterior abdominal wall. Clinically a smooth, nontender, and noncompressible mass was present above umbilicus to the right of midline. A bruit was heard over the swelling. Doppler sonography demonstrated an oval hypoechoic structure in the right rectus sheath with turbulent flow. The pseudoaneurysm could be traced to the inferior epigastric artery. Surgical excision of pseudoaneurysm was performed. Histopathology showed myxoid changes in the wall of the pseudoaneurysm with no inflammatory changes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 2010
Transgene expression in mononuclear muscle cells not infiltrating inflammatory cells following intramuscular plasmid gene electrotransfer
Authors: Ratanamart Jarupa , Huggins Christopher G. , Shaw James A. M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundIn situ electroporation‐assisted intramuscular plasmid DNA delivery offers high efficiency for therapeutic protein replacement. Expression may be impaired by an immune response against the plasmid or transgenic protein. Expression of the transgene in non‐muscle cells may increase the immune response. Gene transfer efficiency and phenotypic identification of intramuscular transgene‐expressing mononuclear cells was studied following electroporation‐mediated plasmid delivery.MethodsPlasmids expressing β‐galactosidase (pVR1012‐βgal) or enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) (pVR1012‐eGFP) were electrotransferred into rat tibialis anterior muscles. Both transfection efficiency and the inflammatory response were determined in pVR1012‐βgal‐injected muscles by β‐galactosidase and haematoxylin and eosin staining of muscles 7 days post‐plasmid injection. Muscles injected with pVR1012‐eGFP were stained for CD3, CD68 and desmin at 24 and 48 h post‐injection to determine whether mononuclear cells expressing eGFP were of immune or myogenic origin.ResultsWith electroporation, β‐galactosidase expression was significantly enhanced by up to ten‐fold compared to plasmid injection without electroporation. A large area of regenerating muscle fibres and inflammatory cell infiltration was found in electroporated plasmid‐injected muscle. No eGFP expression was found in CD3‐ or CD68‐positive cells. Small mononuclear cells expressing eGFP showed negative staining for CD3 and CD68, but all stained positive for desmin.ConclusionsIn situ electroporation enhanced transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA delivery into muscle. Alongside its advantage for improving gene transfer, electroporation led to an increased inflammatory response and muscle damage. Mononuclear cells in muscle were transfected with plasmid and expressed the transgene. These cells were of myogenic origin with no evidence of transgene expression in infiltrating inflammatory cells. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rapid and accurate left ventricular chamber quantification using a novel CMR segmentation algorithm: A clinical validation study
Authors: Codella Noel C.F. , Cham Matthew D. , Wong Richard , Chu Christopher , Min James K. , Prince Martin R. , Wang Yi , Weinsaft Jonathan W. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the clinical performance of a novel automated left ventricle (LV) segmentation algorithm (LV‐METRIC) that involves no geometric assumptions.Materials and Methods:LV‐METRIC and manual tracing (MT) were used independently to quantify LV volumes and LVEF (ejection fraction) for 151 consecutive patients who underwent cine‐CMR (steady‐state free precession). Phase contrast imaging was used to independently measure stroke volume.Results:LV‐METRIC was successful in all cases. Mean LVEF was within 1 point of MT (Δ 0.6 ± 2.3%, P < 0.05), with smaller differences among patients with (0.5 ± 2.5%) versus those without (0.9 ± 2.3%; P = 0.01) advanced systolic dysfunction (LVEF ≤ 35% by MT). LV volumes by LV‐METRIC were slightly smaller than MT during end‐diastole (3.9 ± 6.8 mL, P < 0.001) and end‐systole (1.4 ± 5.5 mL, P < 0.01). Mean processing time was 22 ± 13 seconds for LV‐METRIC and 4:59 ± 1:56 minutes for MT (P < 0.001). Processing time correlated with LV blood volume by MT (r = 0.43) and LV‐METRIC (r = 0.55), but slope was 10‐fold steeper for MT (0.02 vs. 0.001), indicating greater proportionate time increases in relation to chamber dilation. Compared to stroke volume by phase contrast, LV‐METRIC yielded smaller differences (0.3 ± 18.3 mL) than MT (2.5 ± 17.2 mL; P < 0.001).Conclusion:Among a broad series of consecutive patients undergoing CMR, automated LVEF by LV‐METRIC was within 1 point of MT with processing time reduced 14‐fold. Stroke volume by LV‐METRIC yielded improved agreement with an independent standard of phase contrast imaging. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:845–853. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Interventional MRI using multiple 3D angiography roadmaps with real‐time imaging
Authors: Saybasili Haris , Faranesh Anthony Z. , Saikus Christina E. , Ozturk Cengizhan , Lederman Robert J. , Guttman Michael A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To enhance real‐time magnetic resonance (MR)‐guided catheter navigation by overlaying colorized multiphase MR angiography (MRA) and cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) roadmaps in an anatomic context.Materials and Methods:Time‐resolved MRA and respiratory‐gated MRCP were acquired prior to real‐time imaging in a pig model. MRA and MRCP data were loaded into a custom real‐time MRI reconstruction and visualization workstation where they were displayed as maximum intensity projections (MIPs) in distinct colors. The MIPs were rendered in 3D together with real‐time multislice imaging data using alpha blending. Interactive rotation allowed different views of the combined data.Results:Fused display of the previously acquired MIP angiography data with real‐time imaging added anatomical context during endovascular interventions in swine. The use of multiple MIPs rendered in different colors facilitated differentiation of vascular structures, improving visual feedback during device navigation.Conclusion:Interventional real‐time MRI may be enhanced by combining with previously acquired multiphase angiograms. Rendered as 3D MIPs together with 2D slice data, this technique provided useful anatomical context that enhanced MRI‐guided interventional applications. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1015–1019. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
3D left ventricular strain from unwrapped harmonic phase measurements
Authors: Venkatesh Bharath Ambale , Gupta Himanshu , Lloyd Steven G. , Dell 'Italia Louis , Denney Thomas S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To validate a method for measuring 3D left ventricular (LV) strain from phase‐unwrapped harmonic phase (HARP) images derived from tagged cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Materials and Methods:A set of 40 human subjects were imaged with tagged MRI. In each study the HARP phase was computed and unwrapped in each short‐axis and long‐axis image. Inconsistencies in unwrapped phase were resolved using branch cuts manually placed with a graphical user interface. 3D strain maps were computed for all imaged timeframes in each study. The strain from unwrapped phase (SUP) and displacements were compared to those estimated by a feature‐based (FB) technique and a HARP technique.Results:3D strain was computed in each timeframe through systole and mid‐diastole in ≈30 minutes per study. The standard deviation of the difference between strains measured by the FB and the SUP methods was less than 5% of the average of the strains from the two methods. The correlation between peak circumferential strain measured using the SUP and HARP techniques was over 83%.Conclusion:The SUP technique can reconstruct full 3D strain maps from tagged MR images through the cardiac cycle in a reasonable amount of time and user interaction compared to other 3D analysis methods. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:854–862. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human cervical spinal cord funiculi: Investigation with magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging
Authors: Onu Mihaela , Gervai Patricia , Cohen‐Adad Julien , Lawrence Jane , Kornelsen Jennifer , Tomanek Boguslaw , Sboto‐Frankenstein Uta Nicola 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To use spinal cord diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) for investigating human cervical funiculi, acquire axial diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data with an in‐plane resolution sufficient to delineate subquadrants within the spinal cord, obtain corresponding DTI metrics, and assess potential regional differences.Materials and Methods:Healthy volunteers were studied with a 3 T Siemens Trio MRI scanner. DTI data were acquired using a single‐shot spin echo EPI sequence. The spatial resolution allowed for the delineation of regions of interest (ROIs) in the ventral, dorsal, and lateral spinal cord funiculi. ROI‐based and tractography‐based analyses were performed.Results:Significant fractional anisotropy (FA) differences were found between ROIs in the dorsal and ventral funiculi (P= 0.0001), dorsal and lateral funiculi (P= 0.015), and lateral and ventral funiculi (P= 0.0002). Transverse diffusivity was significantly different between ROIs in the ventral and dorsal funiculi (P= 0.003) and the ventral and lateral funiculi (P= 0.004). Tractography‐based quantifications revealed DTI parameter regional differences that were generally consistent with the ROI‐based analysis.Conclusion:Original contributions are: 1) the use of a tractography‐based method to quantify DTI metrics in the human cervical spinal cord, and 2) reported DTI values in various funiculi at 3 T. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:829–837. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pallidal index measured with three‐dimensional T1‐weighted gradient echo sequence is a good predictor of manganese exposure in welders
Authors: Chang Yongmin , Woo Seung‐Tae , Kim Yangho , Lee Jae‐Jun , Song Hui‐Jin , Lee Hui Joong , Kim Suk Hwan , Lee Hun , Kwon Young Joo , Ahn Joon‐Ho , Park Sin‐Jae , Chung In‐Sung , Jeong Kyoung Sook 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate which T1‐wieghted technique between 3D gradient‐echo (FSPGR) and conventional spin‐echo (SE) sequence is more sensitive predictor of neurobehavioral dysfunction found in welders with chronic manganese (Mn) acquired at 3 Tesla.Materials and Methods:Forty‐three current male welders and 29 age‐ and gender‐matched, nonwelding production workers (control individuals) were recruited to the present study. Each subject underwent neurological examination, blood sample collection, and neurobehavioral tests, in addition to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. The MRI examinations were performed using a 3.0 Tesla whole‐body scanner. T1‐weighted axial images were obtained using SE and FSPGR with a 180° inversion recovery prepared pulse, and the corresponding pallidal indices (PI), PI (SE), and PI (FSPGR), were calculated.Results:Both PI (SE) and PI (FSPGR) were well correlated with blood Mn level, but only PI (FSPGR) was significantly correlated with air Mn concentration (P = 0.007). Of the neurobehavioral performance indicators, after controlling for covariates, PI (FSPGR) was significantly associated with cognitive components, such as the digit symbol score, the digit span backward score, the Stroop test score and also with the grooved pegboard (dominant hand) score, whereas PI (SE) was associated only with grooved pegboard (dominant hand) score.Conclusion:PI using a T1‐weighted 3D FSPGR sequence shows the best correlation with neurobehavioral performance indicators and is the best measure for detection of blood and airborne Mn concentrations in welders exposed to excessive occupational Mn. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1020–1026. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Validation of carotid arterial wall volume measurement by cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Keenan Niall G. , Sheppard Mary N. , Grasso Agata , Chan Cheuk F. , Mukherjee Rahul K. , Boyle Joseph J. , Gatehouse Peter D. , Firmin David N. , Pennell Dudley J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To validate cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) arterial wall volume measurement using whole arterial specimens ex vivo.Materials and Methods:Twenty cadaveric carotid arteries (from 10 patients) were fixed in formaldehyde and imaged with a clinical T1‐weighted 2D CMR sequence and, for imaging validation, with a high‐resolution 3D sequence. Histological validation was performed by sectioning the arteries and microscopically determining area and volume.Results:Comparison between the clinical 2D CMR sequence and the 3D high‐resolution validation sequence showed equivalent luminal volumes (889 vs. 880 mm3; P = 0.54; R2 = 0.99), and slightly higher 2D CMR arterial wall volumes (982 vs. 916 mm3; +7%; P < 0.01; R2 = 0.96) and adventitial volumes (1901 vs. 1826 mm3; +4%; P < 0.01; R2 = 0.99). Comparison between 2D CMR and microscopy, performed over a similar longitudinal extent of vessel, showed slightly higher 2D CMR volumes for the lumen (354 vs. 308 mm3; +14%; P < 0.01; R2 = 0.97), arterial wall (388 vs. 351 mm3; +10%; P < 0.01; R2 = 0.97) and total volumes (750 vs. 665 mm3; +12%; P < 0.01; R2 = 0.95).Conclusion:The accuracy of the clinical 2D CMR vessel wall sequence for measuring carotid lumen, adventitial, and wall volumes is good against ex vivo measurements, with minor overestimation. This study validates carotid arterial wall quantification by CMR for atherosclerosis research. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:935–941. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Giant and complicated variants of cystic bile duct hamartomas of the liver: MRI findings and pathological correlations
Authors: Martin Diego R. , Kalb Bobby , Sarmiento Juan M. , Heffron Thomas G. , Coban Ipek , Adsay N. Volkan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To describe a new category of liver cyst we propose calling “giant bile duct hamartoma (giant‐BDH)” and to provide a more complete record of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of BDHs with potential for clinical impact.Materials and Methods:This study was Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA)‐compliant. Fifteen patients were identified with surgical liver pathology in keeping with complicated BDH and MRI findings of giant cysts.Results:In all, 14/15 patients presented with pain that resolved in 14/14 with surgery. Imaging features common to pretreatment cysts included sharply defined, lobulated margins with thin, smooth rim‐enhancement. Treated symptomatic cysts measured 9.8 cm on average and 21.6 cm maximum. The 14/15 patients had coexistent <2.0 cm BDH. Elevated T1 signal corresponded with hemorrhagic cyst content (10/15 patients); cyst‐wall rim‐enhancement corresponded with histological findings of inflammation (15/15), fibrocystic changes (12/15), and smaller BDH in the adjacent liver (13/15). Histology of giant‐BDH cyst walls corresponded with complicated BDH in 15/15. The incidence of symptomatic‐treated BDH at our institution was 0.4%.Conclusion:BDH is a benign hepatic cystic lesion that may undergo cystic enlargement, internal hemorrhage, and clinically present with abdominal pain treatable by minimally invasive laparoscopic fenestration. Complicated giant‐BDH coexists with smaller BDH and the MRI features of giant‐BDH are characteristic. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:903–911. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MR‐diffusion weighted imaging of healthy liver parenchyma: Repeatability and reproducibility of apparent diffusion coefficient measurement
Authors: Colagrande Stefano , Pasquinelli Filippo , Mazzoni Lorenzo Nicola , Belli Giacomo , Virgili Gianni 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPurpose:To compare repeatability and reproducibility of four different methods of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) evaluation of liver parenchyma. In fact, repeatability and reproducibility assessment is mandatory in quantitative evaluations, however, these have not been accurately investigated in liver MR‐diffusion‐weighted studies.Materials and Methods:Diffusion‐weighted sequences, b‐value = 0–1000 s/mm2, were acquired on 30 healthy volunteers by a 1.5T scanner whose reliability has been validated by a phantom study. Four sampling methods, evaluating various parenchyma percentages by different‐sized region‐of‐interests (ROIs), were compared by two observers: 70% and 30% of the volume, 4%‐one‐ROI‐per‐segment, and 4%‐one‐ROI‐per‐slice in the right‐lobe. Ninety‐five percent limits of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were calculated.Results:Complete measurements on the left lobe could be obtained in less than half of patients. The 4%‐one‐ROI‐per‐slice and 4%‐one‐ROI‐per‐segment yielded lower mean values compared with 30–70% volume methods (1343–1373 versus 1463–1560·10−6mm2/s, respectively). Repeatability was acceptable (ICCs ∼ 0.80) whereas reproducibility was low (ICCs ≤ 0.45) for all methods. Averaging at least 3 measurements in middle‐lower sections of the right lobe improved both repeatability (ICCs to ≥0.87) and reproducibility (ICCs to 0.82) for 30–70% V methods.Conclusion:ADC measurements were repeatable but not reproducible in our study. Reproducibility could be improved by taking averages on the right lobe with large ROI methods. Studies on procedures that standardize ADC measurements using more than two observers are needed. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:912–920. ©2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.