bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Dielectric Logging in Saudi Arabia: Recent Experiences and Applications in Development and Exploration Wells
Authors: Schmitt Denis P. , Al-Harbi Ahmed , Saldungaray Pablo , Akkurt Ridvan , Zhang Tianhua 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Dielectric logging was introduced in late 70s to mostly measure water filled porosity in the flushed zone independent of water salinity and Archie exponents m and n. Although the technology generated a lot of interest upon its introduction, it eventually disappeared over the years, mostly due to moderate accuracy of the early devices, oversimplified interpretation models and other hardware related complications.
Results from extensive field testing of a new generation of dielectric wireline tools indicate that robust and reliable dielectric logging is now feasible in a wide range of environmental conditions and formations.
Benchmarking of dielectric measurements against other logs and core data has shown that water-filled porosity can be measured accurately using dielectric logging tools, provided the matrix mineralogy is well defined. Consequently, the technology has gained rapid acceptance in applications involving flushed zone water saturation in environments with variable or unknown salinity, heavy oil identification, and discrimination of non-reservoir rock with high organic content. Dielectric logging is gradually replacing NMR Log-Inject-Log for residual/remaining oil saturation (ROS) measurement, especially in the situations where connate and injected water salinities can be vastly different.
Due to the success in ROS applications, most of the recent testing has been focused towards carbonates drilled with water-based-mud. This technology is also being tested in shaly sands and in wells drilled with oil based mud at present.
Additional work is underway to accurately characterize dielectric properties of carbonates so as to be able to perform quantitative textural analysis. In shaly sands, high resolution clay volumes and thin bed analysis are challenges that will be addressed in the future.
Investigation of Polymer Flood Performance in High Salinity Oil Reservoirs
Authors: Algharaib M. , Alajmi A. , Gharbi R. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
The application of Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques is encouraged by the growing demand for oil. Optimizing oil production from current resources is becoming the main strategy for many oil producing companies around the world. Among EOR processes, polymer flooding is an attractive option in many reservoirs. The objective of polymer flooding is to control water mobility inside the reservoir to favor higher oil recovery. Several design parameters are critical for the success or failure of polymer flooding applications. The salinity of formation water is one of the parameters which impose a limitation on polymer flood applicability. In Kuwait, most of oil reservoirs are high water salinity reservoirs. Therefore, improving the performance of polymer floods under high water salinity conditions may unlock these resources which can have enormous positive effects on oil reserves. One way for this improvement is to condition the reservoir under polymer flood applications by injecting a slug of water (preflush), ahead of polymer, with specific characteristics. In this work, lab experiments are conducted in which the effects of several design parameters of polymer flooding are investigated under high water salinity conditions. Design parameters include preflush salinity, preflush viscosity and preflush slug size. The results suggest these parameters correlate differently with oil recovery factor.
Results from Pilot Tests Prove the Potential of Advanced Mud Logging
Authors: Loermans Ton , Kimour Farouk , Bradford Charles , Meridji Yacine , Bondabou Karim , Kasprzykowski Pawel , Karoum Reda , Naigeon Mathieu , Marsala Alberto 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
While traditional mudlogging techniques provide largely qualitative data, the objective of Advanced Mud Logging (AML) is to provide quantitative real time measurements and information in aid of drilling and a complete formation evaluation. Hence, during the past few years, various techniques which before were limited to laboratories, have been adapted for well site usage. Also, the whole surface logging system, from sensors to computer operating systems, have been enhanced.
A systematic comparison of results between laboratory instrument and field version instruments proved that the quality of results does not need to be given up when applying these techniques at the wellsite. At present AML well site techniques thus include (i) enhanced monitoring of drilling parameters, (ii) sophisticated mud gas analysis capabilities, (iii) enhanced cuttings image acquisition and processing, and (iv) several direct petrophysical measurements on cuttings.
We present some results of several field tests done in Saudi Arabia with a dedicated AML unit, where all these new techniques have been integrated. In this unit, next to conventional techniques, such as calcimetry, measurements on cuttings include X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), spectral GR, grain density and porosity.
Examples in each of the four areas mentioned above confirm the potential of AML. AML mud gas analysis gives quantitative compositional HC analysis which perfectly matches results from PVT tests done on subsequent wireline fluid sampling. Also: while the depth resolution of mudlogging measurements, typically several feet, is less than of especially wireline logging, normally sampled at half foot increments, the latest AML NMR measurements have the potential for very high resolution measurements, making it possible to establish the petrophysical properties of very thinly laminated sequences, where normally neither conventional wireline logs nor core plug measurements can resolve those.
An Effective Health, Safety and Environmental Management System for Production Engineering Organization
Authors: Al-Shuwaikhat Hisham I. , Al-Mubarak Yousef A. , Al-Khalaf Ahmed A. , Khan Rafaqat A. , Al-Shuwaier Saud A. , Gazal Mohammed A. , Gilani SyedKhalid M. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Successful health, safety and environmental (HSE) management is critical to the oil and gas Industry as no one can put a price tag on human life. HSE performance and business success are interdependent to achieve organizational goals.
Saudi Aramco has created a corporate HSE management system for its organizations to address its own unique operating needs. Saudi Aramco also requested each organization to create its own HSE management systems based on the corporate HSE management system. The Southern Area Production Engineering Department (SAPED) at Saudi Aramco has developed a production engineering and operation HSE safety management system that addresses several safety items, such as risk assessment, operating standards, asset integrity, incident reporting, and emergency handling in 11 key elements. These elements are intended to provide clarity to SAPED personnel on the safety requirements and their roles and responsibilities.
The appearance of this management system is seen as a milestone event and the vision is perceived as the objective. The move to management systems in operational fields recognizes the need for accountability, measurement, hazard management, feedback and priority of resource allocation. The management system deals with valuable human resources and assets including employees, wells, facilities, equipment and vehicles. For effective communication of these processes, SAPED assigned an HSE advisor for each organization and an HSE coordinator for each division to ensure full HSE compliance and implementation to enhance the overall organization HSE performance.
SAPED has established systematic Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) to ensure meeting specific, measurable, applicable, realistic and time-bounded (SMART) objectives. This initiative has provided positive results, which include improved awareness of the SAPED HSE management system's expectations, improved understanding of SAPED HSE requirements, improved cooperation towards achieving the HSE goals and targets, and lowered accidents and incidents, which ultimately resulted in enhanced HSE performance. This paper outlines the processes, methodology and leading indicators analysis being used by SAPED for enhancing its HSE and KPIs performance through an effective HSE management system.
Internal Multiple Elimination on Land Data Using Inverse Scattering Series
Authors: Sindi Ghada , Luo Yi , Kelamis Panos G. , Huo Shoudong , Hsu Shih Ying , Weglein Arthur B. , Fu Qiang 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
We utilize theoretical concepts from the Inverse Scattering Series (ISS) formulation to develop internal multiple elimination algorithms for land seismic data. ISS-based methods are fully data-driven, therefore, they do not require any subsurface knowledge. Internal multiples from all possible generators are computed and adaptively subtracted from the input data. These methods are equally well suited for pre- and post-stack applications, and are effective even when there is little or no moveout difference between primary reflections and multiples. The performance of the ISS approach is demonstrated using realistic synthetic and field datasets from the Arabian Peninsula.
Effect of cold compression therapy on postoperative pain, swelling, range of motion, and lameness after tibial plateau leveling osteotomy in dogs
Authors: Drygas Kevin A. , McClure Scott R. , Goring Robert L. , Pozzi Antonio , Robertson Sheilah A. , Wang Chong 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the effect of cold compression therapy (CCT) on postoperative pain, lameness, range of motion of the stifle joint, and swelling following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) in dogs.
Design—Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.
Animals—34 client-owned dogs with unilateral deficiency of a cranial cruciate ligament undergoing TPLO.
Procedures—Dogs were assigned to 2 groups. Group 1 (n = 17 dogs) received CCT in the 24-hour period following TPLO. Group 2 (n = 17 dogs) received no CCT. Degree of lameness, range of motion, and circumference of the stifle joint were measured before surgery and 1,14, and 28 days after surgery. A modified composite Glasgow pain scale, visual analogue scale, and pain threshold score were used to evaluate signs of pain before surgery and 1,14, and 28 days after surgery. Logistic regression and linear regression analysis were used to compare the measured variables.
Results—No complications were observed, and all dogs tolerated CCT. Use of CCT resulted in lower values for the visual analogue scale and Glasgow pain scale and lower pain threshold scores; lower lameness scores; less swelling; and an increased range of motion 24 hours after surgery. At 14 days after surgery, there were no significant differences between groups. At 28 days after surgery, too few data sets were available for comparison.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—CCT decreased signs of pain, swelling, and lameness and increased stifle joint range of motion in dogs during the first 24 hours after TPLO.
Effect of eyelid manipulation and manual jugular compression on intraocular pressure measurement in dogs
Authors: Klein Heidi E. , Krohne Sheryl G. , Moore George E. , Mohamed Ahmed S. , Stiles Jean 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine the effect of eyelid manipulation and manual jugular compression on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement in clinically normal dogs.
Design—Randomized clinical trial.
Animals—30 dogs (57 eyes) without diseases or medications that affect IOP.
Procedures—An applanation tonometer was used to measure IOP during eyelid manipulation or jugular compression. Six manipulations were used in each eye, including minimal eyelid manipulation, maximal dorsoventral extension of the eyelids, lateral eyelid extension, manual compression of the ipsilateral jugular vein, manual compression of both jugular veins, and lateral eyelid extension with manual compression of both jugular veins. Skull type and position of globe in the orbit were recorded.
Results—The 2 manipulations that caused the greatest significant increase in mean IOP were lateral eyelid extension with compression of both jugular veins (difference from baseline IOP, 17.6 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.7 to 19.5 mm Hg) and lateral eyelid extension alone (16.5 mm Hg; 95% CI, 14.6 to 18.4 mm Hg). Dorsoventral eyelid extension (6.42 mm Hg; 95% CI, 4.5 to 8.3 mm Hg) and compression of both jugular veins alone (3.0 mm Hg; 95% CI, 1.1 to 5.0 mm Hg) significantly increased mean IOP, compared with baseline. Compression of the ipsilateral jugular vein increased mean IOP (0.3 mm Hg; 95% CI, −1.6 to 2.2 mm Hg) from baseline, but not significantly.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Traction on the eyelids or pressure on both jugular veins can significantly increase IOP values as measured by use of applanation tonometry in clinically normal dogs.
Incidence of and risk factors for seizures after myelography performed with iohexol in dogs: 503 cases (2002–2004)
Authors: da Costa Ronaldo C. , Parent Joane M. , Dobson Howard 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To establish the incidence of and risk factors for seizures following myelography performed with iohexol in dogs.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—503 dogs.
Procedures—Medical records were searched for dogs that underwent myelography between April 2002 and December 2004. Data extracted included body weight, breed, age, sex, volume and dose of iohexol, site of injections, location of lesion, duration of anesthesia, surgical procedures immediately after myelography, use of acepromazine, and presence or absence of seizures.
Results—15 (3%) dogs had postmyelographic seizures. Risk factors significantly associated with seizures were size of dogs (large dogs were 35.35 times as likely to have seizures as were small dogs), location of contrast medium injection (dogs in which iohexol was injected into the cerebellomedullary cistern were 7.4 times as likely to have seizures as were dogs in which iohexol was injected into the lumbar cistern), location of lesion (dogs with lesions at the level of the cervical portion of the vertebral column were 4.65 times as likely to develop seizures as were dogs with lesions in other regions), and total volume of iohexol. Mean ± SD total volume of iohexol was 11.73 ± 5.52 mL (median, 10.5 mL [range, 3.0 to 21.0 mL]) for dogs that had seizures and 4.57 ± 4.13 mL (median, 3.5 mL [range, 0.75 to 45.0 mL]) for those that did not.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Large-breed dogs with cervical lesions and large volumes of iohexol injected into the cerebellomedullary cistern had the highest risk of seizures. The use of contrast medium volumes > 8 mL in large dogs should be avoided, with preference given to injections into the lumbar cistern.
Anaphylactoid reaction in a heartworm-infected dog undergoing lung lobectomy
Authors: Carter Jennifer E. , Chanoit Guillaume , Kata Cheryl 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Case Description—A 7-year-old 23-kg (50.6-lb) spayed female Border Collie with a history of heartworm disease was evaluated for respiratory distress.
Clinical Findings—Computed tomography of the thorax revealed possible pulmonary bullae or blebs, and on the basis of these findings, a tentative diagnosis of bullous emphysema was made.
Treatment and Outcome—Exploratory median sternotomy revealed gross pathological lesions in the right caudal lung lobe; the most peripheral portion appeared discolored (pale pink), and a clear line of demarcation was observed. Upon excision of the affected lung lobe, a worm segment was noticed both on the remaining stump of the lung lobe in the dog and in the removed lobe. At this time, the dog had an anaphylactoid reaction. The reaction was successfully treated with fluid therapy, antihistamines, and corticosteroids. Lung lobectomy of the right caudal lobe resulted in clinical resolution of the bilateral pneumothorax. However, during the postoperative period, the dog developed a hemothorax and was returned to surgery. As no obvious cause for the hemothorax was seen at the second surgery, the dog was treated for a potential coagulopathy with fresh frozen plasma, which provided clinical resolution of the hemothorax. Parasitological examination of the worm segment confirmed a Dirofilaria immitis infection. The dog was discharged 5 days after surgery and treated with doxycycline for 30 days and monthly administration of heartworm preventative was prescribed.
Clinical Relevance—Heartworm infection should be a differential diagnosis in dogs with spontaneous pneumothorax. Anaphylactoid reactions associated with accidental dissection of adult heartworms should be managed with treatment aimed at cardiovascular stabilization.
α-Melanocyte—stimulating hormone and adrenocorticotropin concentrations in response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone and comparison with adrenocorticotropin concentration after domperidone administration in healthy horses and horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction
Authors: Beech Jill , McFarlane Dianne , Lindborg Sue , Sojka Janice E. , Boston Raymond C. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To compare endogenous ACTH and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) concentrations after administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and to compare ACTH concentrations after TRH administration with those following domperidone administration in healthy horses and horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID).
Design—Prospective case series.
Animals—69 clinically normal horses and 47 horses with or suspected to have PPID.
Procedures—ACTH concentrations were measured during 108 TRH stimulation tests in 88 horses, and α-MSH concentrations were measured during 56 TRH stimulation tests in 50 horses. In 28 of these horses, ACTH concentrations after domperidone administration were measured and test results were compared. The pituitary gland was histologically examined in all horses that were euthanatized.
Results—ACTH and α-MSH concentrations increased in all horses afterTRH administration, with a greater and more prolonged increase in horses with PPID. Percentage increase was significantly greater for α-MSH concentration than for ACTH concentration. The change in ACTH concentration after domperidone administration was less consistent in differentiating clinically normal horses from those with PPID than was the response to TRH.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that ACTH concentration in response to TRH administration was useful for the diagnosis of PPID in horses and appeared more accurate than response to domperidone administration. Use of an α-MSH concentration ≥ 30 or 50 pmol/L did not appear superior to use of an ACTH concentration ≥ 36 pg/mL for the diagnosis of PPID, either before or 30 minutes after TRH administration.
Racing prognosis after cumulative stress-induced injury of the distal portion of the third metacarpal and third metatarsal bones in Thoroughbred racehorses: 55 cases (2000–2009)
Authors: Tull Travis M. , Bramlage Lawrence R. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the diagnostic features, results of free-choice exercise treatment, prognosis, and postinjury racing performance of Thoroughbred racehorses with cumulative stress-induced bone injury (CSBI) of the distal portion of the third metacarpal and third metatarsal bones (MC3/MT3).
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—55 Thoroughbred racehorses with CSBI of the distal portion of MC3/MT3.
Procedures—Data on signalment, history, and radiographic, scintigraphic, and lameness examination findings were reviewed. Horses with lameness localized to the distal portion of MC3/MT3, and that did not have concurrent lameness but did have radiographic and nuclear scintigraphic changes consistent with CSBI, were included in the study. Information on pre-and postinjury racing performance was acquired from race records.
Results—Mean age was 3.2 years (median, 3 years [range, 2 to 6 years]). Ninety-five percent (52/55) of horses with CSBI raced after injury. Males were more commonly affected (75% [41/55]) than were females (25% [14/55]; odds ratio, 3.99 [95% confidence interval, 2.17 to 7.34]). There was no significant difference in postinjury total earnings, compared with total earnings before injury; horses had significantly more starts and less earnings per start after injury. Median time to first start after injury was 194 days. Of 45 horses that raced before and after injury, 31 % (14/45) had an increase in racing class, 31 % (14/45) had no change in class, and 38% (17/45) had a decrease in class.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Thoroughbred racehorses with CSBI of the distal portion of MC3/MT3 treated with free-choice exercise had a favorable prognosis with no appreciable decrease in class or performance.
Associations between prebreeding serum micronutrient concentrations and pregnancy outcome in beef cows
Authors: Van De Weyer Leanne M. , Hendrick Steve H. , Waldner Cheryl L. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine associations between serum concentrations of copper, molybdenum, selenium, vitamin A, and vitamin E measured in beef cows at the start of the community pasture breeding season and pregnancy status at the end of the season.
Design—Prospective cohort study.
Animals—771 beef cows from 39 cow-calf herds.
Procedures—Serum micronutrient concentrations were measured in samples collected from cows on arrival at 5 different community pastures in Saskatchewan, Canada, in May 2008. Cows were palpated transrectally to determine pregnancy status in October 2008. Herd owners and professional herd managers were surveyed to collect individual data for cows (age, calving date, and history of exposure to bulls before the start of the breeding season) and information on herd and breeding management. Associations between animal-, herd-, and pasture-level variables and pregnancy status were examined.
Results—Serum concentrations of selenium, molybdenum, vitamin A, and vitamin E were not associated with pregnancy status after accounting for prebreeding body condition score, age, and calving-to-breeding interval. Serum copper concentrations were more commonly assessed as below adequate than were other micronutrients. Decreased serum copper concentrations were associated with increased odds of nonpregnancy in cows < 10 years of age.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Prebreeding micronutrient supplementation programs should be carefully managed in herds with poor reproductive performance in areas known to be copper deficient, and evaluation of serum copper concentrations from a subset of cows should be considered before the start of the breeding season.