bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tourism digital transformation and future supply chain competition: an integrated perspective on real options theory and digital competencies
Authors: Ku Edward C.S. 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis study analyzes how digital technologies collaboration, and technological capabilities affect tourism products' advantage and supply chain resilience via virtual integration and customer service capabilities.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the goals of this study, a digital transformation model was formulated based on the real option theory (ROT) and digital competencies perspective. Data were collected from travel agencies in Taiwan. This study uses the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique to analyze the research model, and 384 samples were collected from travel agencies for analysis.FindingsThe research results point out that digital technology collaboration and technical capabilities affect virtual integration and customer service capabilities; customer service capabilities should also be regarded as key influencing variables to improve tourism product advantages and supply chain flexibility.Originality/valueThis study shares a unique perspective on the digital transformation model, which includes antecedents, mediators and moderators, to construct the critical effects for analyzing the tourism products' advantage and supply chain resilience.
On the (In)efficiency of gold and bitcoin: impact of COVID-19
Authors: Kumar Satish 
Published: May 2024

PurposeWe aim to examine the impact of COVID-19 on the efficiency of Gold and Bitcoin returns. In particular, our efficiency tests are based on the popular calendar anomaly, the turn-of-the-month (TOM) effect in these markets.Design/methodology/approachWe define the TOM days as the final trading day of a month and initial three trading days of the immediate next month. To understand the TOM effect, we estimate the typical Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model using the Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent (HAC) standard errors and covariances.FindingsThough in the full sample, a positive and significant TOM effect is observed only for Bitcoin, during COVID period, the TOM effect appears in Gold returns and becomes stronger for Bitcoin, implying that the considered securities become inefficient during COVID period.Practical implicationsBased on these results, we create a trading strategy which is found to surpass the buy-and-hold strategy for both the full sample as well as the COVID period for Bitcoin while only during the COVID period for Gold. Our results provide useful implications for investors and policymakers as the Gold and Bitcoin markets can be timed by taking positions especially based on the behavior of the TOM effect.Originality/valueWe examine the TOM effect in the two important securities – Gold and Bitcoin. Though, a few studies have examined this anomaly in currency, equity and cryptocurrency markets, however, they have not considered the Gold market. Additionally, no study has examined the impact of COVID-19 on the TOM effect in these markets, and hence, market efficiency. We believe that our study is the first to examine the TOM effect in these markets simultaneously.
Does internal audit function outsourcing policy matter for environmental, social and governance performance score? Evidence from Bursa Malaysia
Authors: Kolsi Mohamed Chakib , Al-Hiyari Ahmad 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
Anecdotal evidence indicates the internal audit function may be crucial in supporting the implementation of ESG practices and reporting. However, thus far, no study has been empirically conducted to check how and why internal audit function might affect ESG performance. This study aims to address this gap by examining whether the internal audit budget is positively related to the ESG performance of Malaysian listed firms. It also explores whether the sourcing arrangement of the internal audit function can moderate the internal audit budget – ESG nexus.

Design/methodology/approach
The secondary data for the paper is extracted from two main sources, namely, the Thomson Reuters Eikon database and firms’ annual reports that were downloaded from the Bursa Malaysia website. The final sample consists of public firms listed on Bursa Malaysia over the period 2010 to 2019. Multivariate tests are used to examine the linkage between the variables.

Findings
The results show that the relationship between the annual internal audit budget and ESG performance is contingent on the sourcing arrangement of the internal audit function. Specifically, the results show that the annual internal audit budget has a positive impact on ESG performance for firms with an in-house internal audit function but not for firms outsourcing an internal audit function to external providers. Overall, the results suggest that the annual internal audit budget promotes ESG performance for firms performing their internal audit activities internally.

Practical implications
The findings of this paper provide a strong motivation for authorities in Malaysia to develop new policies and rules aiming at ensuring that internal audit departments are adequately resourced to function effectively, thereby promoting corporate ESG performance. Moreover, the findings may be useful in informing the board of directors and other policymakers that establishing an in-house internal audit department assists in advancing corporate sustainability performance.

Social implications
The findings of this paper suggest that investors, creditors and other stakeholders should link ESG reporting with the attributes of the internal audit function and outsourcing arrangement when evaluating firm performance. The total annual costs allocated to the internal audit function coupled with the outsourcing arrangement by an external provider should be considered for the overall assessment of the ESG performance and provide additional warranty towards corporate goals’ achievement and sustainability for the society.

Originality/value
This study extends previous studies on the determinants of ESG performance by focusing on two crucial aspects of the internal audit function: the annual budget and the outsourcing arrangement, a hitherto largely unexplored mechanism by the existing literature.
Marching towards bioeconomy: Larvicidal effect of three indigenous plant extracts from Sri Lanka—Garcinia quaesita,Garcinia zeylanica, andColeus hadiensison dengue vectorAedes aegypti
Authors: Ranasinghe H.A.K. , Perera E.H.L. , Perera G.C.A. , Jayakodi J.D.A.S.M. , Madhumika J.A.H. , Ishara M.S. , Hettihewa M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBioeconomy would be a beneficial solution for funding through the rational use of finances and human resources in order to achieve better productivity and fruitfulness of mosquito control programs. Synthetic insecticides are widely used to repress mosquitoes. However, it instigates problems such as insecticide resistance among mosquitoes such as developing resistance, bio‐accumulation, and ecosystem destabilization. Natural plant‐based products are a healthy alternative to use as mosquito larvicides. The country has to spend a considerable cost for buying synthetic insecticides too. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate larvicidal efficacy ofGarcinia zeylanica,Garcinia quaesita, andColeus hadiensisagainstAedes aegyptimosquito larvae. Fresh leaves of plants were collected, and the aqueous crude extract was prepared. Phytochemicals were extracted using refluxing technique. A concentration series of crude extract of leaves were prepared separately from 20 to 100 mg/L. Batches of each containing 100 third instar larvae ofAe. aegyptiwere used for larval bioassays.Ae. aegyptimosquito larvae were evaluated in accordance with the guidelines of World Health Organization. The experimental setup was repeated four times at each concentration. Probit analysis was used to evaluate the relationship of mortality with the concentration of aqueous crude extract. TheG. zeylanicaandG. quaesitaleaf extracts showed a dose‐dependent effect againstAe. aegyptilarvae after the 24 and 48 h exposure period. Interestingly,C. hadiensisdid not show any dose‐dependent effect againstA. aegyptimosquito larvae. The percentage mortality rates have shown a significant variance among different concentrations (P = 0.000). The recorded LC50and LC90for aqueous crude extract ofG. zeylanicawere 27.167 and 52.861 g/L, respectively, and LC50and LC90for aqueous crude extract ofG. quaesitawere 36.841 and 76.036 g/L, respectively, after 24 h of exposure period. TheG. zeylanicaandG. quaesitaplant's high larvicidal activity is supported by the presence of phytochemicals such as saponins, steroids, flavonoids, and phenol, which showed combination effects in terms of larvicidal action to mosquito larvae. Hence, there is a potential ofG. zeylanicaandG. quaesitaaqueous leaf extracts as a key source for the development of an environment‐friendly plant‐based larvicide againstAe. aegypti. Hence, this warrants vector control entities to re‐think “biological wealth for economic prosperity” with environmentally friendly country‐wide control approaches for medically important disease vectors.
From developing country to superpower? China, power shifts and the United Nations development pillar
Authors: Baumann Max‐Otto , Haug Sebastian , Weinlich Silke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article contributes to the expanding literature on China's position in international organisations by examining the extent to which, and how, China's exercise of power in the United Nations (UN) development pillar has evolved over the last decade. Building on a four‐legged power framework, we contrast the status quo of power configurations in UN development work with China's evolving attempts to exercise compulsory, institutional, structural and productive power. We identify a heterogeneous set of engagement patterns and find that China's standing as a developing country is an integral part of how its global power ambitions unfold at the UN. While shifts in China's power in and through UN development work have remained limited, taken together insights from the power type analysis suggest that China is in the process of challenging and/or redefining some of the central contours of the UN development pillar.
Chinese power in the World Heritage Committee: From learning the game to shaping the rules
Authors: Langendonk Steven , Drieskens Edith 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite growing interest in China's use of heritage in its domestic and foreign policies, little is known about how its evolving power affects the multilateral core of the heritage regime. To tackle this gap, we apply Barnett and Duvall's four‐power framework to China's role in the World Heritage Committee (WHC) and heritage issues in UNESCO since the early 2000s. To parse power shifts across the four ideal types of compulsory, institutional, structural, and productive power, we analyse the domestic and international developments that shaped China's relationship with the regime and highlight two episodes of Chinese power at work: the WHC's Suzhou (2004) and Fuzhou (2021) sessions. We argue that China's power potential rose across all four power types and that its potential for exercising structural and productive power is buoyed by the Belt and Road Initiative and the integration of heritage into its foreign policy. We note that China's exercise of power rarely transgresses organisational norms and that it has followed, rather than spurred, the shift to a culture of thinly veiled power politics in the WHC. Nevertheless, we argue that, as an ambitious power in heritage, China shares the responsibility for this outcome and the future of the heritage regime.
Reining in a liberal UN: China, power shifts, and the UN's peace and security pillar
Authors: Foot Rosemary 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHas the deepening of China's involvement with the United Nations (UN) actually led to significant China‐related shifts in power at the UN over the last three decades? This article explores this question in relation to the UN's move in the post Cold War era into a period of greater normative ambition that made the protection of the individual central to its efforts to maintain international peace and security. Conceptually, the article utilizes and adapts the four power types put forward by Barnett and Duvall (2005). Empirically, it draws on some core elements of the UN's expanded liberal normative agenda relating to the security of the individual. The article explores Beijing's attempts to revise or reverse the UN's liberal turn, assessing the extent to which China has been able, in the process, to effect a power shift. It concludes that China has had some, but as yet limited, successes. However, Beijing seems set to continue to be associated with the various types of power discussed here to press its case.
Personnel power shift? Unpacking China's attempts to enter theUNcivil service
Authors: Lam Shing‐hon , Fung Courtney J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe People's Republic of China views dispatching Chinese talent to international organisations as a key global governance contribution and a means to shape these institutions from within. International posts are competitive to secure, requiring China's concerted effort to place candidates for entry‐level professional staff positions. However, less is known about how China is preparing to compete for these international civil service positions. This article examines United Nations (UN) staffing data, as well as Chinese‐language academic, policy and media reports to address this research gap and thereby understand better how China is attempting to facilitate an increase in its staffing levels within UN entities. We find China's efforts emphasise preparation of ‘patriots’ who can bring ‘Chinese wisdom’ into the UN, but that efforts to increase staff numbers are still in development. We also note that deploying patriots in the UN civil service is potentially to the detriment of securing posts: patriotism may not translate into bureaucratic skill or expertise and also attracts the attention of other states willing to counter China's staffing efforts. It remains to be seen whether staffing power shifts will be successful and, if so, the extent to which increased representation will benefit China's interests.
Determinants of pharmacists' confidence to participate in antimicrobial stewardship: A confirmatory factor analysis
Authors: Weier Naomi , Patel Rahul , Fazal‐E‐Hasan Syed , Zaidi Syed Tabish R. 
Published: May 2024

AimPharmacists are essential members of hospital antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) teams. A lack of self‐perceived confidence can limit pharmacists' involvement and contributions. Pharmacists working in AMS have reported a lack of confidence. There is currently a lack of validated measures to assess pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence when working in AMS and contributors to this confidence. This study aimed to identify variables contributing to pharmacist self‐perceived confidence and validate an AMS hospital pharmacist survey tool using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).MethodsResponses from a survey of Australian and French hospital pharmacists were used to undertake CFA and path analysis on factors related to pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence. It was hypothesized that pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence would be impacted by time working in AMS, perceived importance of AMS programmes, perceived barriers to participating in AMS and current participation.ResultsCFA demonstrated a good model fit between the factors. Items included in the model loaded well to their respective factors with acceptable reliability. Path analysis demonstrated that time working in AMS had a significant impact on pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence, while perceived barriers had a negatively significant relationship. Pharmacy participation in AMS and perceived importance of AMS programmes had a non‐significant impact.ConclusionFindings demonstrated that the survey tool showed good validity and identified factors that can impact pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence when working in hospital AMS programmes. Having a validated survey tool can identify factors that can reduce pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence. Strategies can then be developed to address these factors and subsequently improve pharmacists' self‐perceived confidence.
Associations between tobacco smoking status and patch test results—A cross‐sectional pilot study from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK)
Authors: Molin Sonja , Brans Richard , Bauer Andrea , Becker Detlef , Kreft Burkhard , Mahler Vera , Skudlik Christoph , Stadler Rudolf , Szliska Christiane , Weisshaar Elke , Geier Johannes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundEarlier studies suggested a potential association between tobacco smoking and nickel sensitization, but little is known about other contact allergens.ObjectivesTo investigate the association of smoking status and contact sensitizations as well as subtypes of dermatitis, and to analyse the sensitization profiles of tobacco smokers.Patients and MethodsWithin the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), we performed a cross‐sectional multicentre pilot study comprising 1091 patch‐tested patients from 9 departments, comparing 541 patients with a history of cigarette smoking (281 current and 260 former smokers) with 550 never‐smokers.ResultsWe could not confirm the previously reported association between nickel sensitization and tobacco smoking. Moreover, sensitizations to other allergens, including colophony, fragrance mix I, Myroxylon pereirae and formaldehyde, were not increased in cigarette smokers compared with never smokers. Hand dermatitis (50.6% vs. 33.6%) and occupational cause (36.2% vs. 22.5%) were significantly more frequent among cigarette smokers compared with never‐smokers as shown by non‐overlapping 95% confidence intervals.ConclusionsAlthough our study does not allow a firm conclusion on whether smoking status contributes to certain contact sensitizations, it confirms an association of smoking with hand dermatitis and occupational cause.
Attenuated psychosis symptoms are related to working alliance between therapist and service user
Authors: Cowan T. , Millar C. , O'Donovan K. , Chibani D. , Reeves G. , Redman S. , Fitzgerald J. , Jay S. , Schiffman J. , Rakhshan Rouhakhtar P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimMany trials have demonstrated the efficacy of specific therapy modalities for individuals with attenuated psychosis symptoms (APS). Less is known regarding mechanisms behind positive outcomes, including the role of nonspecific therapeutic factors. This study explored working alliance (WA) in a clinic serving individuals with APS to see how WA changed across the course of treatment and its relation to APS.MethodsSession level APS and WA data was available for 12 individuals of diverse racial and gender identity, (M = 48 sessions each). Multilevel models with random intercepts tested change in WA and APS over time, and cross‐sectional and prospective relations.ResultsWA increased and APS decreased over time. Cross sectionally, WA and APS were inversely related. Prospective relations were non‐significant.ConclusionWhen symptoms increase, therapists for individuals with APS should be attentive to potential disruptions in WA, though strong WA may be a cross‐sectional protective factor.
“I will attend to college to give my family a better life”: Indebtedness with the family and the challenges of building occupational plans for Peruvian adolescents
Authors: Pease Dreibelbis María Angélica , Urbano Flores Estefanía , De la Puente Ronceros Rafaella Andrea 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIdentifying a future occupation is an important achievement during adolescence, a process particularly complex for Peruvian adolescents. Perú is a postcolonial country with many forms of inequality, and one of them is the opportunity gap to attend a college. However, most adolescents aspire to go to university as a way out of poverty, and, since Perú is a collectivist society, this is a family task: it is adolescents' responsibility to go to college in order to give a better life to their families. Theories developed for WEIRD societies (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic) do not provide an accurate explanation of Peruvian adolescents' occupational projects because they envision a person with autonomy and resources to choose a career. Thus, our goal is to analyze adolescents' occupational plans considering the role adolescent–caregivers relationships play in this configuration. This study is part of the project “Being an adolescent in Perú” (PUCP‐UNICEF) which characterized Peruvian adolescence by studying 14 variables through a qualitative study with 66 participants. In depth interviews were conducted and the data was analyzed using thematic analysis. Results of the thematic analysis are organized in three topics that explain the relationship between occupational plans and adolescent–caregiver relationship (1) adolescents have occupational aspirations rather than achievable projects that are that are built alone, without adult support; (2) attending college as an occupational aspiration belongs to the family, not to the individual operating also a kind of “debt” to pay to their caregivers for being financially supported to be able to study in high school; and (3) caregivers do not have the possibility or resources of being able to accompany their adolescent's occupational plans. We conclude that Peruvian adolescents think about their future within the framework of their family's needs, rather than linked to personal and occupational goals, impeding adolescents from exploring and selecting a realistic occupational goal consistent with their interests. The results allow us to discuss the relevance of studying adolescent development taking into account the particularities of the adolescents' cultural and socioeconomic contexts as well as the core role that relationship with caregivers plays in this process in Perú.
Clinical efficacy and tolerability of zonisamide monotherapy in dogs with newly diagnosed idiopathic epilepsy: Prospective open‐label uncontrolled multicenter trial
Authors: Saito Miyoko , Nomura Akinori , Hasegawa Daisuke , Watanabe Naoyuki , Uchida Keiko , Okuno Seiichi , Nakai Masahiro , Orito Kensuke 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundZonisamide (ZNS) is a newer generation antiseizure medication (ASM) used to treat epilepsy in dogs and cats. However, scientific and clinical information, particularly regarding monotherapy, is limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the antiseizure efficacy and tolerability of ZNS monotherapy in dogs with newly diagnosed idiopathic epilepsy (IE).AnimalsStudy included 56 client‐owned dogs newly diagnosed with IE.MethodsThis was a prospective multicenter, open‐label, uncontrolled study. All dogs were ASM‐naïve and had ≥2 seizures within 12 weeks. Dogs were administered 2.7‐14.4 mg/kg ZNS PO q12h and followed up for ≥12 weeks. Data from the 12‐week maintenance treatment period were compared with those from the 4‐ to 12‐week pretreatment period for efficacy evaluation. Data from the entire ZNS administration period were used to assess tolerability.ResultsFifty‐six dogs were included in our study. Of the dogs, 53 were assessed for efficacy; 40 (76%) had a ≥ 50% reduction in seizure frequency, and 29 (55%) achieved seizure freedom. For 90% of the dogs with ≥50% reduction in seizure frequency, the mean ZNS dose was 4.8 (range, 2.7‐8.6) mg/kg q12h and the mean trough plasma ZNS concentration was 18.9 (range, 8.0‐48.0) μg/mL. In 7 of the 56 dogs (13%), reduced activity, decreased appetite, vomiting, hindlimb weakness, soft stools, or constipation was observed, albeit mild and temporary. Laboratory tests revealed no relevant changes.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOur study suggests that ZNS monotherapy is effective and well‐tolerated in dogs with newly diagnosed IE.