bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Parliament, New Cleavages after the Eastern Enlargement? The Conflict over the Services Directive as an Opposition between the Liberals and the Regulators
Authors: CRESPY AMANDINE , GAJEWSKA KATARZYNA 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article analyses the parliamentary debates and decision‐making related to the highly contentious EU directive on services. It is intended as a contribution to the academic debate on political conflict lines in the European Parliament. Our argument is that neither the left–right cleavage nor a territorial one (old versus new Member States) can fully explain conflict at stake on socio‐economic issues. Rather, what we can observe is cross‐cutting opposition between ‘regulators’ and ‘liberals’.
Europarties: Agenda‐Setter or Agenda‐Follower? Social Democracy and the Disincentives for Tax Harmonization
Authors: KÜLAHCI EROL 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article explains Europarties' inability to act and position themselves cohesively in EU politics. It develops a theoretical framework based mainly on domestic parties' disincentives to agree on a common Europarty position. The framework is applied to the case of social democracy and fiscal competition. Despite opportunity for agreement, (dis)incentives related to self‐economic interests and domestic institutional settlements (and corresponding electoral calculuses) were aggravated by substantive ideological preferences. The case implications are drawn on literatures on the national parties' general positioning on EU issues as well as on Europarties and the EU agenda.
The Diminishing Returns to Trade Policy in the European Union
Authors: MCGUIRE STEVEN M. , LINDEQUE JOHAN P. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe notion that the EU is a trade power is central to studies of the Union's international presence. Credible threats to withhold access to Europe's markets are said to provide the Union with leverage in respect of other trade partners. This article queries the continuing ability of the European Union to act effectively this way. The current Doha malaise is a symptom of deeper changes in the international trade system. As emerging markets become more affluent and participate in foreign direct investment, their interest in market access per se become less important relative to other areas of regulation.
An Empirical Assessment of Economic and Political Challenges of European Union Accession
Authors: TAMAZIAN ARTUR , MELIKYAN DAVIT N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe collapse of the Soviet Union was an exceptional experiment in the economic history of the world, which made the post‐socialist countries the subject of various economic studies. Different researchers and organizations tend to monitor the progress of economic and institutional reforms through inventing different indexes (indicators), apparently trying to understand how to detect the end of the transition process. The European Union, opening its door to accession candidates and starting negotiations with a number of eastern European and Baltic states, was the first to rely on those assessments of progress in reforms for making decisions on the readiness of the countries in terms of economic and institutional development to become a member of the European family. This study tries to link the actual assessments of reforms (start of negotiations) and the available set of indicators to construct an empirical model. We apply statistical techniques of limited dependent variable models to reveal the most important criteria followed by the ‘EU admission committee’ and capture them in limited dependent variable models, which are applied to evaluate the readiness of a number of other post‐socialist countries to start hypothetical negotiations with the EU. Based on available empirical results the factors captured in the model include the share of public expenditure in GDP, GDP per capita, private sector share of GDP, share of trade with EU in external turnover, democratization and inflation (macroeconomic stability). Our empirical assessments show that there are several transition economies (Albania, Armenia and Georgia), which despite not having candidate status, offer better general standing in terms of ‘accession criteria’ than the current candidates. This fact may suggest to policy‐makers (other geopolitical conditions being equal) to consider these countries for future EU enlargement waves.
Three Population‐Patient Care Outcome Indicators for Public Health Nursing: Results of a Consensus Project
Authors: Issel L. Michele , Bekemeier Betty , Baldwin Kathleen A. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT
Objectives: Difficulties in recruiting nurses into public health settings threaten the public's health. Gaps in existing data make determining the health impact of workforce changes numbers difficult to perform. Public health practice leaders are left to make difficult staffing and program decisions without knowing how the health of their vulnerable populations will be affected. The objective of this study was to identify indicators that could be used to document the effect of the shortage of public health nurses (PHNs) on the health of a population.Design and Sample: A consensus‐building process was used. Nursing directors from 6 local health departments (LHDs) in 2 states participated along with 3 public health system researchers.Results: The findings from this collaborative process suggest that it is possible to identify outcome indicators across states and multiple LHDs that may be sensitive to PHN staffing levels and interventions. Possible connections between PHN staffing and each population‐patient care indicator (rates of Chlamydia, first trimester prenatal care, early childhood immunization) are presented.Conclusions: The process used here in identifying these indicators and the proposed nursing‐sensitive population outcome indicators themselves provide a template for the development and analysis of additional outcome indicators sensitive to the quality of nursing and other health care.
Corpus Meum: Disintegrating Bodies and the Ideal of Integrity
Authors: Perpich Diane 
Published: October 2010

This essay shows that Jean-Luc Nancy's reconceptualization of corporeality in such texts as L'Intrus and Corpus can be an important ally to feminist theories of body. I introduce Nancy's ontology and argue that his rejection of the unified, integrated body of humanist discourses in favor of dis-integrated bodies constituted by multiple alterities and his consequent reinterpretation of body as a “being-exscribed” begin the task of thinking bodies beyond traditional dualisms and their ahistorical and rationalist frameworks. I then address three potential criticisms of Nancy's work and suggest that though there may be reasons to move cautiously in adopting the framework he provides, his work harbors resources directly beneficial to critiques of prevailing forms of gender normativity.Quel étrange moi!—Jean-Luc Nancy, Corpus
Delayed Afterdepolarization in Intact Canine Sinoatrial Node as a Novel Mechanism for Atrial Arrhythmia
Authors: JOUNG BOYOUNG , ZHANG HONG , SHINOHARA TETSUJI , MARUYAMA MITSUNORI , HAN SEONGWOOK , KIM DAEHYEOK , CHOI EUE‐KEUN , ON YOUNG‐KEUN , LIN SHIEN‐FONG , CHEN PENG‐SHENG 
Published: October 2010

Delayed Afterdepolarization in Sinoatrial Node. Introduction: Recent evidence indicates that spontaneous sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca release and Na‐Ca exchanger current activation contribute to the sinoatrial node (SAN) automaticity. These findings suggest that SAN activity may share mechanisms that underlie both automaticity and triggered activity. The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that spontaneous, nonvoltage gated, intracellular Ca (Cai) elevation may induce delayed afterdepolarization (DAD) in intact SAN during isoproterenol infusion.
Methods and Results:
We simultaneously mapped Cai and membrane potential in 31 isolated Langendorff‐perfused canine right atriums (RA). Isoproterenol increased heart rate and late diastolic Cai elevation (LDCAE) of the superior SAN, leading to consistent SAN automaticity in all 31 RAs. However, DAD‐like diastolic depolarizations (DD) were transiently observed in 4 RAs during isoproterenol infusion. These DAD‐like DDs were preceded by LDCAE, but did not trigger a full action potential. The LDCAE preceding DAD‐like DDs had smaller amplitude (0.41 ± 0.08 AU vs 0.48 ± 0.07 AU, P = 0.001) and less steep slopes (3.7 ± 1.3 AU/s vs 4.8 ± 1.4 AU/s, P = 0.001) than that of sinus beats. The coupling interval of DAD‐like DDs was longer than that of the preceding normal beats (407 ± 48 ms vs 371 ± 44 ms, P = 0.002).
Conclusion:
The isoproterenol‐induced LDCAE of superior SAN induced a full action potential in most cases. However, if the LDCAE was too small to trigger an action potential, then it induces only DAD‐like DD. The failure of DAD‐like DD to consistently trigger a sinus beat is a novel mechanism of atrial arrhythmogenesis. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 22, pp. 448‐454)
Utility of citrate dialysate in management of acute kidney injury in children
Authors: HANEVOLD Coral , LU Sharon , YONEKAWA Karyn 
Published: October 2010

AbstractDialysis concentrate acidified with citrate as opposed to acetate has been reported to prevent clotting in hemodialysis circuits, and improve dialysis efficiency in adults. There is no information on its use in children. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the utility of citrate dialysate for renal replacement therapy in a pediatric population with acute kidney injury. We performed a retrospective review of our experience using Citrasate® concentrate from December 2007 to August 2009. All treatments were provided using the Fresenius 2008 dialysis machine. Citrasate® was utilized in 7 children aged 60.3±51.0 months (mean±SD), range 13 months to 12 years. The number of treatments varied from 4 to 31 (mean 12±8 treatments) for a total of 89 treatments. Rare sporadic mild hypocalcemia was noted but could not be definitively linked with the use of Citrasate®. Four children also required low‐dose heparin (3.6–15 U/kg/h) due to clotting. Activated clotting times (when checked) were not affected by this low‐dose heparin therapy. Some degree of clotting occurred in 21 of 89 (23.5%) treatments. Early termination of treatment due to thrombosis was required in 7 of 89 (7.8%) treatments. In summary, use of Citrasate® dialysis concentrate was well tolerated in critically ill children with acute kidney injury. Citrasate® reduced but did not completely eliminate the need for heparin in our population. Further study in a more diverse population would be helpful.
Maximum conservative management for patients with chronic kidney disease stage 5
Authors: BURNS Aine , DAVENPORT Andrew 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFollowing the expansion of dialysis services for patients with chronic kidney disease, an increasing number of elderly patients with varying degrees of frailty and additional comorbidities have been offered treatment. Life expectancy is somewhat limited in this group of patients, and initiation of dialysis may not necessarily improve quality of life. As such, an increasing number of centers are offering conservative care for patients who have made an informed decision not to have dialysis. As conservative care includes active treatment of anemia, volume overload, blood pressure control, and management of uremic symptoms, including pruritus, we term this approach as maximal conservative management of chronic kidney disease. We describe our experience of maximum conservative management, which although may not prolong life, can maintain the quality of life and functional ability until the final illness in the majority of patients. Although these patients do not go to the hospital on a regular basis, coordinated support from the hospital, the community, and the care giver/relative is required for successful care of the patient. Appropriate end of life planning can then be made according to the wishes of the patient.
Acquired factor VIII inhibitor in a nonhemophilia patient on hemodialysis: challenges in management
Authors: PHADKE Gautam , GUPTA Diptesh , BOTDORF Joshua , MISRA Madhukar 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIt is well known that the uremic milieu predisposes patients to an increased risk of bleeding. We report a case of a patient on hemodialysis who developed recurrent unexplained bleeding episodes. His renal failure was secondary to systemic lupus erythematosus. Further investigations revealed that his bleeding was secondary to the development of acquired inhibitors to factor VIII: C following a flare up of his systemic lupus erythematosus. Management issues related to recurrent bleeding in this situation are discussed and reviewed.
Variation in sexual size dimorphism among populations: testing the differential‐plasticity hypothesis
Authors: Hu Yuwei , Xie Yongjian , Zhu Fen , Wang Chengbin , Lei Chaoliang 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSexual size dimorphism (SSD) is a common phenomenon in animals and varies widely among species and among populations within species. Much of this variation is likely due to variance in selection on females vs. males. However, environmental variables could have different effects on females vs. males, causing variation in dimorphism. In this study, we test the differential‐plasticity hypothesis, stating that sex‐differential plasticity to environmental variables generates among‐population variation in the degree of sexual dimorphism. We examined the effect of temperature (22, 25, 28, and 31 °C) on sexual dimorphism in four populations of the cockroach Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker (Blattaria: Polyphagidae), collected at various latitudes. We found that females were larger than males at all temperatures and the degree of this dimorphism was largest at the highest temperature (31 °C) and smallest at the lowest temperature (22 °C). There is variation in the degree of SSD among populations (sex*population interaction), but differences between the sexes in their plastic responses (sex*temperature interaction) were not observed for body size. Our results indicated that sex‐differential plasticity to temperature was not the cause of differences among populations in the degree of sexual dimorphism in body size.
Building a New Framework for the Common Agricultural Policy: A Responsibility Towards the Overall Community  Der Aufbau einer neuen Struktur für die Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik: Eine Verantwortung gegenüber der gesamten Gemeinschaft  Développer un nouveau cadre pour la Politique Agricole Commune : une responsabilité envers l’ensemble de la communauté
Authors: De Castro Paolo , Adinolfi Felice , Capitanio Fabian , Di Falco Salvatore 
Published: October 2010

SummaryBuilding a New Framework for the Common Agricultural Policy: A Responsibility Towards the Overall CommunityThe intensity of world economic growth and population pressures have progressively depleted natural resources and increased the level of polluting emissions and greenhouse gases; this has called into question the development models of modern society. Against this background we contribute to the ongoing debate that will shape the future framework of European policy for agriculture and rural areas. European agriculture is held tight in the double bond of having to ‘produce more food, and provide more services’ to wider society. We need, therefore, to find answers to these pressing societal demands so that, as both consumers and taxpayers, society accepts the legitimacy of the financial support granted under the CAP, provided it is delivered in an effective and sustainable way. We identify key areas of a new framework for the future CAP: promoting the production of public goods by increasing the targeting of direct payments; promoting development of rural areas in their various components; ensuring an adequate food security and producer safety net policy; enabling the activation of defensive measures caused by shocks to production and prices; supporting access of farmers to modern tools of risk and resilience management; promoting improvements in organisational efficiency to complement objectives of greater sustainability of farming.
A Quantitative Comparison of 5‐Aminolaevulinic Acid‐ and Methyl Aminolevulinate‐Induced Fluorescence, Photobleaching and Pain During Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Valentine Ronan M. , Ibbotson Sally H. , Brown C. Tom A. , Wood Kenny , Moseley Harry 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe characteristics of protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) fluorescence in superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC) and carcinoma in situ (Bowen’s Disease, BD) following application of 5‐aminolaevulinic acid (5‐ALA) and its methyl ester (methyl aminolevulinate [MAL]) before, during and after photodynamic therapy (PDT) were investigated in 40 patients. Photosensitizer prodrug penetration can limit PDT efficacy and understanding the characteristics of PPIX fluorescence through fluorescence spectroscopy, may improve knowledge of photosensitizer delivery. Fluorescence intensity was assessed quantitatively, and the rate of photobleaching was determined by fitting an exponential decay. As a secondary end‐point, PDT‐induced pain was also measured continuously during treatment using a novel hand‐held device, known as a pain logger. In vivo PPIX fluorescence was shown to decrease during irradiation, allowing the in vivo photobleaching of PPIX to be monitored. No significant difference was found between ALA‐ or MAL‐induced PPIX fluorescence in lesions of sBCC and BD (P > 0.05), indicating no detectable difference in PPIX kinetics for the two prodrugs as assessed by these measures. Pain, as assessed by the logger device, showed high interindividual variability and pain levels tended to be higher initially, decreasing during treatment. No difference was seen in pain experienced during ALA‐or MAL‐PDT (P > 0.05).
Isolation and Characteristics of the PSI‐LHCI‐LHCII Supercomplex Under High Light
Authors: Qin Xiaochun , Wang Wenda , Wang Kebing , Xin Yueyong , Kuang Tingyun 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe developed a novel method for the isolation of the PSI‐LHCI‐LHCII complex from spinach leaves. The supercomplex was resolved into a core complex (CPI), LHCII trimers, LHCI dimers and LHCII monomers using green gel electrophoresis. We then investigate changes in the fluorescence and absorption spectra of PSI‐LHCI‐LHCII under high light. In addition, we compared light‐induced denaturation of the core protein subunits in both PSI‐LHCI and PSI‐LHCI‐LHCII. Differences in denaturation and photochemical activity indicated that binding of LHCII increased the photosensitivity of the PSI core. Increased energy delivered to the PSI core during illumination accelerated damage to the core complex.
Inferring Hydrograph Components from Rainfall and Streamflow Records Using a Kriging Method‐Based Linear Cascade Reservoir Model1
Authors: Cheng Shin‐jen 
Published: October 2010

Cheng, Shin‐jen, 2010. Inferring Hydrograph Components From Rainfall and Streamflow Records Using a Kriging Method‐Based Linear Cascade Reservoir Model. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(6):1171–1191. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00484.xAbstract:  This study investigates the characteristics of hydrograph components in a Taiwan watershed to determine their shapes based on observations. Hydrographs were modeled by a conceptual model of three linear cascade reservoirs. Mean rainfall was calculated using the block Kriging method. The optimal parameters for 42 events from 1966‐2008 were calibrated using an optimal algorithm. Rationality of generated runoffs was well compared with a trusty model. Model efficacy was verified using seven averaged parameters with 25 other events. Hydrograph components were characterized based on 42 calibration results. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) except for multipeak storms, a correlation between base time of the surface runoff and soil antecedent moisture is a decreasing power relationship; (2) a correlation between time lag of the surface flow and soil antecedent moisture for single‐peak storms is an increasing power relationship; (3) for single‐peak events, times to peak of hydrograph components are an increasing power correlation corresponding to the peak time of rainfall; (4) the peak flows of hydrograph components are linearly proportional to that of total runoff, and the peak ratio for the surface runoff to total runoff is approximately 78 and 13% for subsurface runoff to total runoff; and (5) the relationships of total discharges have direct ratios between hydrograph components and observations of total runoffs, and a surface runoff is 60 and 32% for a subsurface runoff.
Implementing Landscape Water Conservation in Public School Institutional Settings: A Case for Situational Problem Solving1
Authors: Kilgren Douglas C. , Endter‐Wada Joanna , Kjelgren Roger K. , Johnson Paul G. 
Published: October 2010

Kilgren, Douglas C., Joanna Endter‐Wada, Roger K. Kjelgren, and Paul G. Johnson, 2010. Implementing Landscape Water Conservation in Public School Institutional Settings: A Case for Situational Problem Solving. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(6):1205–1220. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00486.xAbstract:  Urban water conservation programs and research generally focus on residential and commercial use while paying less attention to institutional settings. We studied irrigated landscape water conservation at public schools, controlling for type of irrigation system (manual vs. automated control) and water conservation interventions (control, directive, prescriptive, and educational). We monitored landscape water use to compare changes among interventions and irrigation systems to measured plant water needs and historical use. Interviews and diaries allowed the study of behavior among custodians managing landscape irrigation. Large irrigation system effects overshadowed impact of the interventions. Schools using automated systems had high landscape water use and substantial capacity for water conservation but actual savings varied among schools. Schools using manual systems were the opposite yet many still managed further reductions in response to interventions. Effectiveness of water conservation interventions depended upon the contexts in which they were applied. Interventions were more effective when they led to situational problem solving that integrated generalized scientific and technical knowledge with experiential knowledge. Our findings suggest ways for school districts to decide where, when, and how to intervene in promoting water conservation but caution school districts investing in automated‐irrigation systems, particularly if they will be operated remotely.
Condylar injuries in growing patients
Authors: Dimitroulis George 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAlthough the mandibular condyle is one of the most common sites of injury of the facial skeleton, it is also the most overlooked and least diagnosed site of trauma in the head and neck region. The condyle forms the very cornerstone of mandibular form and function and therefore injuries to the mandibular condyle in growing children may adversely affect growth and development of the jaws and the occlusion. The aim of this article is to present an overview of condylar injuries in growing patients for the purpose of increasing the awareness of all dental practitioners involved in the treatment of children with acute oro‐facial injuries.
Mandibular odontogenic fibrosarcoma. Case report
Authors: Chan Wing K. , Li Chung P. , Liu Jacqueline M. , Yin Nien T. , Huang Min H. , Wu Hsiao P. , Lee Herng S. , Chen Kuang Y. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA rare case of mandibular odontogenic fibroma is presented which transformed to a stage 1A odontogenic fibrosarcoma with a local recurrence after surgical resection and unusually delayed pulmonary metastases eight years later. Prolonged follow‐up of these patients after complete surgical resection, including regular chest X‐rays, is recommended.