bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Eurytoma Pistaciae Species Group (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae), with Description of Two New Species
Authors: Zerova M. , Seryogina L. 
Published: August 2009

A Review of Eurytoma Pistaciae Species Group (Hymenoptera, Eurytomidae), with Description of Two New Species
Eurytoma pistaciae species group is reviewed to include eight species, of them six Palaearctic (E. pistaciae Rondani, E. spinipes Kalina, E. tokatensis Doganlar, E. narendrani Zerova, sp. n., E. doganlari Zerova, sp. n., E. ochraceipes Kalina), the latter one also in the Oriental Region and two species (E. arabica Risbec and E. tibiaspinae Zerova) known from the Afrotropical Region. E. doganlari sp. n. and E. narendrani sp. n. are described. A key to all species belonging to pistaciae species group is provided.
Two New Himalayan Ant Species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Related to Myrmica indica
Authors: Elmes G. , Radchenko A. 
Published: August 2009

Two New Himalayan Ant Species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) Related to Myrmica indica
Myrmica weberi Elmes et Radchenko, sp. n. and M. alperti Elmes et Radchenko, sp. n. from the Himalaya are described. Morphometric comparisons of the new species and their close relative M. indica Weber, 1950 were made using Principal Component Analysis and Discriminant Analysis.
Peculiarity of Ultrastructure and 45Ca Methabolism of Osteoclasts in Conditions of Hind Limb Unloading and Microgravity
Authors: Rodionova N. , Oganov V. 
Published: August 2009

Peculiarity of Ultrastructure and45Ca Methabolism of Osteoclasts in Conditions of Hind Limb Unloading and MicrogravityUsing methods of electron microscopy, morphometry and cytochemistry the peculiarities of ultrastructure of osteoclasts and resorptive processes of the mineralized matrix in spongy bone of the rat femoral bone metaphyses following the experimental hind limb unloading model (28 days), as well as in rats exposed on American Space Station SLS—2 (2 weeks) were studied. The methods of light and electron microscopy radioautography45Ca were used in the experiment of hind limbs unloading. The results of investigations demonstrated that in zones of adaptive remodeling the resorption and destruction processes in the bone tissue increase under the supportive unloading. It takes place by increasing of functional activity of osteoclasts (in microgravity conditions we registered the «giant» osteoclasts). The dynamics of45Ca —incorporation into osteoclasts is an indicator of a direct involvement of cells in calcium transfer from the resorpting mineralized matrix to intercellular environment and intensification of this process at hind limb unloading model.
A New Species of the Genus Proctophyllodes (Analgoidea, Proctophyllodidae) from Ukraine
Authors: Burdejnaja S. , Kivganov D. 
Published: August 2009

A New Species of the Genus Proctophyllodes (Analgoidea, Proctophyllodidae) from Ukraine
The species Proctophyllodes lusciniae Burdejnaja et Kivganov sp. n. from the Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos C. L. Brehm, 1831 and the Thrush Nightingale L. luscinia Linnaeus, 1758 (Passeriformes) (type locality: Zmeinij Island, Ukraine) is described. The new species, belongs to the glandarinus species group and morphologically similar to P. doleophyes Gaud, 1957 from Pied Flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca (Pallas, 1764).
Timing of the Vibration of Arm Muscles Affects Grip Force Control
Authors: Santos Marcio , Aruin Alexander 
Published: August 2009

Timing of the Vibration of Arm Muscles Affects Grip Force Control
The purpose of the study was to investigate how the timing of application of vibration to the arm muscles affects grip force. Eight healthy subjects performed similar tasks of lifting and holding an object without any vibration (NV) and with vibration applied to the extrinsic wrist and finger muscles at different times during the task: 1) applied immediately prior to the task performance (AFV) and 2) during the task performance (DFV). Peak grip force, static grip force, and acceleration of the object were recorded. Vibration applied to the muscles during the task performance did not affect grip force generation. However, when vibration was applied prior to the task performance, a significant increase in grip force was observed. We suggest that the differences in magnitudes of grip force between the conditions are associated with the availability of information from muscle spindles and/or joint and tactile afferents. It appears that vibration applied during the task performance affects only muscles spindles, while a five-minute vibration applied prior to the lift of the object affects both muscle spindles and joint and tactile afferents. The results of the study provide additional information on the availability of afferent information in the control of grip force.
Evaluation of the Limits of Stability (LOS) Balance Test
Authors: Juras Grzegorz , Słomka Kajetan , Fredyk Artur , Sobota Grzegorz , Bacik Bogdan 
Published: August 2009

Evaluation of the Limits of Stability (LOS) Balance Test
The main objective of this study was the estimation of intrasession reliability of the limits of stability (LOS) test conducted on a force platform as an alternative measurement to standard posturography in quiet standing. Fifteen healthy adults took part in the experiment. The standardized measurement protocol of the LOS test was proposed. It consists of three phases - 1st phase - 10s of quiet standing, 2nd phase - the maximal forward leaning in a self paced manner, and 3rd phase - maintenance of maximal forward leaning position. The analysis of variance Friedman's ANOVA and Repeated Measures ANOVA/MANOVA was used to diagnose the differences between 10 consecutive trials of the LOS test. In order to establish reliability of the test, the intraclass correlation (ICC) procedure was used. We presented different ways of maximal center of pressure (COP) excursion estimates. The results of this study show no significant differences between the chosen parameters of the LOS test. Moreover, the measurement of the range of COP excursion, which is most commonly analyzed in such tests, showed to be quite reliable with ICC2,1 above .85. LOS test conducted along the standard procedure should be considered as a very useful method in clinical and research conditions. Still the specific parameters of the LOS test should be given more thorough insight, but it is a very good alternative to quiet standing posturography.
Warm-up: A case study on maximal oxygen consumption as it relates to acute stretching
Authors: Yuktasir Bekir 
Published: August 2009

Warm-up: A case study on maximal oxygen consumption as it relates to acute stretching
The aim of this study was to determine the acute effects of static and Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) stretches on maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max). Ten physically active men (mean ± SD, 23.80 ± 1.54 years, 70.60 ± 9.70 kg, 1.74.60 ± 5.23 m), who were healthy students volunteered to take part in the study. The participants were subjected to Static and PNF stretching exercises. After the interventions, the Bruce treadmill protocol was applied to measure VO2 max values. The expired gases were collected and analyzed continuously using the Cortex Metalyzer II. Analysis of variance showed significant main effects for interventions (F(2,18)=10.74, p<.05) on VO2 max. The main result of this study showed that both static and PNF stretching exercises improved VO2 max values.
Plasticity of the Cortical Motor System
Authors: Sadowski Bogdan 
Published: August 2009

Plasticity of the Cortical Motor System
The involvement of brain plastic mechanisms in the control of motor functions under normal and pathological conditions is described. These mechanisms are based on a similar principle as the neuronal models of neuronal plasticity - long-term potentiation (LTP), and long-term depression (LTD). In the motor cortex, LTP-like phenomena play a role in strengthening synaptic connections between pyramidal neurons. LTD is important for the elimination of unnecessary inputs to the cortex. The dynamic features of the primary motor cortex activity depend on particular neuronal interconnectivity within this area. The pyramidal cells send horizontal collaterals to adjacent subregions of the primary motor cortex, and so can either excite or inhibit remote pyramidal cells. These connections can expand or shrink depending on actual physiological demands, and play a role in skill learning.
Effects of Aging on Feedforward Postural Synergies
Authors: Asaka Tadayoshi , Wang Yun 
Published: August 2009

Effects of Aging on Feedforward Postural Synergies
We investigated the effects of aging on postural muscles covariate patterns prior to voluntary perturbations. Nine healthy young and nine older subjects were instructed to release a load in a self-paced manner. The results of cross-correlation analyses showed that the average time lag corresponding peak correlation coefficient between trunk flexor and extensor muscles in the older group was significantly shorter, compared to that in the young group. The results of principal component analysis showed that the co-contraction Muscle-modes in the older group were observed more frequently than those in the young group. These results indicate that the older group showed changes in the anticipatory postural muscle co-variation, suggesting the transition from reciprocal to co-activation pattern with aging.
The Relationship between Children's Blood Lead Level and Postural Stability
Authors: Pawlas Krystyna , Pawlas Natalia , Kmiecik-Małecka Elżbieta , Małecki Andrzej 
Published: August 2009

The Relationship between Children's Blood Lead Level and Postural Stability
Children, especially younger, are recognized as very susceptible to environmental lead exposure. In order to assess the effect of lead on spontaneous postural sway, we studied 327 children 4-13 years old, living in 4 cities in Upper Silesia an industrial region of Poland. Lead concentration in blood was measured by absorption atomic spectrometry (AAS) and posturography was performed using CATSYS 2000 - SWAY 7.0 equipment. Children's postural sway characteristics decreased with age. Particular variables had higher values for boys than girls and were positively associated with blood lead levels. There was an association between postural sway characteristics and smoking habits of mother, usage of aminoglycosides and paracetamol. Posturography seems to be a useful tool for assessment of lead exposure effects on the nervous system at low blood lead levels.
The Effects of Terminating Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Anaerobic Power and Chosen Biochemical Variables in Male Subjects
Authors: Poprzecki Stanisław , Zając Adam , Czuba Miłosz , Waskiewicz Zbigniew 
Published: August 2009

The Effects of Terminating Creatine Supplementation and Resistance Training on Anaerobic Power and Chosen Biochemical Variables in Male Subjects
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of alkaline creatine supplementation and resistance training termination on anaerobic power and chosen biochemical variables in men. Twenty-three untrained male subjects, which participated in this study, were divided into supplemented (S) (n=13, age 21.4±2.3 y) and placebo (PL) (n=10, age 22.1±2.6 y) groups. The participants from both groups performed resistance training 3 times a week, while subjects from group S were supplemented with alkaline creatine (ACr) for 4 weeks on their training day's with 66.8 mg/kg b.m., and on non training day's with 33.8 mg/kg b.m.
To evaluate anaerobic power, the 30s Wingate test was applied. The following variables were registered: relative mean power - RMP (W/kg), relative peak power - RPP (W/kg), time of reaching peak power - TRPP (s) and relative total work - RTW (J/kg). The test was administrated 5 times - before and after 4 weeks of training and supplementation, as well as the first, second and third week after terminating creatine intake and the resistance exercise protocol. Body mass and body composition was also evaluated during the same time span. Blood samples were drawn at rest before the Wingate test for the assessment of IGF-1, hGH, LA and CrN concentration, as well as creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities. Supplementation with alkaline creatine, combined with a progressive resistance training program, did not significantly influence (ANOVA) the level of RMP (p=0.49), RPP (p=0.31), TRPP (p=0.51), and RTW (p=0.58) in untrained male subjects. In the supplemental group, there was a significant decrease (p<0.01) in TRPP following creatine supplementation and training, yet these values were not significantly different from the control group. The supplementation and training protocol did not influence significantly body mass (p=0.68), yet post hoc analysis indicate a significant increase in body mass (p<0.001) only in group S. The applied supplementation and training protocol did not influence (ANOVA) the concentration of serum CrN (p=0.81), hGH) (p=0.26), CK (p=0.49) and LDH (p=0.64) activities. No significant changes were observed in resting blood LA concentrations of the tested subjects. It can be concluded that the ergogenic effect of creatine intake and resistance training was maintained for a week after terminating supplementation and exercise. During the next 2 weeks de-adaptation occurred and most indices of anaerobic power returned to initial values.
Sensation Seeking and Spatial Ability in Athletes: an Evolutionary Account
Authors: Hromatko Ivana , Butkovic Ana 
Published: August 2009

Sensation Seeking and Spatial Ability in Athletes: an Evolutionary Account
The aim of this study was threefold: (a) to examine sex differences in sensation seeking and spatial abilities in a sample of athlete students, (b) to explore whether measures of sensation seeking and spatial ability can be used to distinguish between athletes engaging in sports of different levels of risk, and (c) to explore the relationship between sensation seeking and spatial abilities in a sample of athlete students. A total of 201 students athletes engaged in sports of different levels of risk completed the Spatial relations test, Mental rotation test, and Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale-V. Men scored higher than women in both measures of spatial abilities and on DIS, while women scored higher than men on ES. High-risk group had higher SSS and TAS scores than low- and medium- risk groups, and low-risk group had lower DIS scores than medium- and high-risk group, but there were no differences in spatial ability among athletes engaged in sports of different levels of risk. Spatial ability correlated with sensation seeking measures in men only. The results are discussed in terms of possible common biological background of these two sex-dimorphic traits.
Characteristics of Physical Loads of Young Footballers During a Championship Match
Authors: Andrzejewski Marcin , Pluta Beata , Posiadała Dariusz 
Published: August 2009

Characteristics of Physical Loads of Young Footballers During a Championship Match
The aim of the work was to characterize physical loads present during a champion match among young footballers. The research was conducted on a group of 10 football players at the age of 13.5 ± 0.4, with training experience of 4 years. The average body height of the players was 162.32 ± 7.73 cm and the average body mass was 51.12 ± 7.72 kg. In effort to analyze the selected motor performances of the players during the match, a kinematic method by Erdmann (2000) was applied. The analysis of motor activeness was conducted during the first and the second half of the game. The results are shown as arithmetic means and standard deviation. To compare the values, Student's t-test for the linked samples was applied. The significance level was p ≤ 0.05. The results of the study show that the total distance covered by the young football players averaged 4,252 metres. The longest, statistically relevant mean distance (p ≤ 0.05) was covered by the midfielders (4, 486 m). The analysis of the mean distance covered by the players with an established speed below the anaerobic threshold was 3,596 ± 207 metres, which makes up 84.57% of the total distance covered during the game. A thorough analysis of the number of sprints revealed that a player performs 18 of them on average throughout the game. The highest maximum running speed (7.0 m/s) was achieved by the midfielders. The defenders proved to be slowest (6.5 m/s), while the forwards had the second fastest average maximum running speed (6.8 m/s).
Sports Media in Turkey: A Sample on the University Students
Authors: Tavacioglu Leyla 
Published: August 2009

Sports Media in Turkey: A Sample on the University Students
Sport has an important place among the basic factors of "modern life" in the 21st century. The governments and sources of power, which shape and direct the society, produce and promote all kinds of goods and politics by using sports as a medium in a mechanism that embraces the whole life. This both creates a large area of movement for these power sources and also makes it possible to give the target audiences an unlimited area of freedom. Sport, as a social institution, has close and intense interactions with other social institutions like family, education, economy and media. Media has become an irreplaceable part of our social lives, especially with the effect of technological developments. Many social scientists have, in their researches, questioned the effects of mass communication vehicles on personal and social life, and tried to explain the individual and social behavior models by using sociological and socio-psychological approaches. Media and sport are indeed structures, which influence and nurture each other. However, in Turkey, one cannot claim that the broadcasting policy of the sport media has developed by consciously following the sports agenda. Objective: In this study it was aimed to show the degree of interest in, and consumption of, the sports media in Turkey. Material and Method: 400 students who study at Istanbul Technical University (ITU) and Marmara University (MU) have participated in our study. The study comprised of students who are active and inactive in sports. The survey included 46 questions on all sports branches (e.g. volleyball, basketball, winter sports, summer sports). The results have been reached by evaluating the survey on students' interest in sports, and their consumption of sports media.
Influence of Patricipation in Leisure Time Physical Activity on Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption among Former Athletes and Non Athletes
Authors: Woitas-Ślubowska Donata 
Published: August 2009

Influence of Patricipation in Leisure Time Physical Activity on Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption among Former Athletes and Non Athletes
The purpose of the study was to recognise relationships between participation in leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and smoking and alcohol consumption among former athletes (FA) and individuals with no sports experience (NA). In Spring-Summer periods in the years 1997-2002 within the purposively sampled groups of FA (n=312) and people NA (n=417) - an anonymous survey was conducted concerning their socioeconomic status, participation in LTPA, smoking and alcohol consumption. The age of examined FA and NA ranged from 18 to 51 years. Respondents' participation in LTPA was measured as follows: frequency, time and forms of LTPA. For evaluation of respondents' smoking status in the last six months the following categories were used: I do not smoke, I smoked occasionally, I smoked 1 to 10 cigarettes/day, and I smoked more than 10 cigarettes/day. Variables describing alcohol consumption involve frequency of drinking alcohol beverages and type of consumed alcohol beverages. It has shown that among male FA was a significantly lower rate of non-smokers, as compared to male NA. No correlation was found between LTPA and smoking and alcohol consumption among women FA and NA. Negative correlation between participation in LTPA and smoking and alcohol consumption was found in both male groups. The results obtained allow us to draw a conclusion that promoting participation in competitive sports or LTPA is a valuable means to complement intervention programmes focused on the reduction and elimination of tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption addressed to men.
Tectonics and sedimentation of the Lower and Middle Pleistocene mixed siliciclastic/bioclastic sedimentary successions of the Ionian Peloritani Mts (NE Sicily, Southern Italy): the onset of opening of the Messina Strait
Authors: Stefano Agata , Longhitano Sergio 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBiostratigraphic analyses carried out on siliciclastic/bioclastic deposits discontinuously cropping out along the Ionian flank of NE Sicily, indicate that they form two sedimentary events of Early and Middle Pleistocene, respec tively. Vertical facies successions, showing transgressive trends, suggest that sedimentation occurred within semi-enclosed marine embayments, where sublittoral coastal wedges developed on steep ramp-type shelves. Sediments accumulated in shoreface to offshore transitions along steep bottom profiles. This depositional scenario was strongly conditioned by the tectonic activity of the rift zone linking Western Calabria and Eastern Sicily. The effects of glacio-eustatism were also recognized. According to our reconstruction, the study area was controlled by a transfer fault system which affected the coastal margin producing major episodes of uplift and subsidence. Block-faulting was responsible for significant cannibalization and recycling of older deposits during the Middle Pleistocene. Such a tectonic setting can be considered the precursor scenario for the formation of the Messina Strait between Calabria and Sicily. This narrow, linear basin influences the hydrodynamic setting of sublittoral deposits along the Ionian coast of Sicily, giving rise to strong flood/ebb tidal currents. The uppermost part of the Middle Pleistocene succession recognized in the study area is indeed dominated by tide-influenced associations of sedimentary structures which most likely record the first stage of the opening of this ‘seaway’ of the central Mediterranean Sea.
Groundwater potential zonation for basaltic watersheds using satellite remote sensing data and GIS techniques
Authors: Pradhan Biswajeet 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis paper summarizes the findings of groundwater potential zonation mapping at the Bharangi River basin, Thane district, Maharastra, India, using Satty’s Analytical Hierarchal Process model with the aid of GIS tools and remote sensing data. To meet the objectives, remotely sensed data were used in extracting lineaments, faults and drainage pattern which influence the groundwater sources to the aquifer. The digitally processed satellite images were subsequently combined in a GIS with ancillary data such as topographical (slope, drainage), geological (litho types and lineaments), hydrogeomorphology and constructed into a spatial database using GIS and image processing tools. In this study, six thematic layers were used for groundwater potential analysis. Each thematic layer’s weight was determined, and groundwater potential indices were calculated using groundwater conditions. The present study has demonstrated the capabilities of remote sensing and GIS techniques in the demarcation of different groundwater potential zones for hard rock basaltic basin.