bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient Preferences for Immediate Compared With Delayed Postpartum Intrauterine Device Placement
Authors: Christensen Theresa , Ostrowski Susanna , McAllister Arden , Bynum Blythe , Schapira Marilyn M. , Sonalkar Sarita 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To use choice-based conjoint survey methodology to evaluate patient values and decision making regarding immediate compared with delayed placement of postpartum intrauterine devices (IUDs).

METHODS:
We conducted a cross-sectional study in which we surveyed 200 nonpregnant, parous patients. Participants chose between hypothetical postpartum IUDs varying in multiple attributes (hormonal or nonhormonal IUD type, placement timing, 1-year efficacy, expulsion risk, risk of lost strings, and malposition risk). The primary outcome was preference for immediate compared with delayed postpartum IUD placement and importance of placement timing relative to other attributes. Secondarily, we evaluated whether demographic and neighborhood characteristics were associated with timing preference and attribute importance.

RESULTS:
We included 190 participants for analysis. Most participants (62.6%) preferred delayed placement. There was no significant difference in timing preference by race (P=.28) or block-level Area Deprivation Index score (P=.27). Patients who preferred immediate placement were more likely to have public insurance than private insurance (70.4% vs 29.6%, P=.04); however, the majority of patients (55.1%) with public insurance still preferred delayed placement. Attributes of IUD type, malposition risk, 1-year efficacy, and expulsion risk all had greater effects on patient decision making than placement timing. There was no difference in attribute importance by race (P=.30), Area Deprivation Index score (P=.88), or insurance type (P=.22).

CONCLUSION:
Patients preferred the higher efficacy and lower complication rates of delayed postpartum IUD placement over the convenience of immediate placement. Insurance considerations may affect these timing preferences. There was no difference in attribute importance between demographic groups or based on neighborhood-level factors, indicating that, although both immediate and delayed postpartum IUD placement should be offered, counseling should not vary according to individual demographic characteristics.
Efficacy of 785-nm Picosecond Titanium Sapphire Laser for Treatment of Brown Nevus of Ota Lesions in FST II-V: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Swali Ritu N. , Estupiñan Blanca , Guo Emily L. , Richmond Heather , Friedman Paul M. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND
Nevus of Ota (NOTA) is a dermal melanocytosis acquired in early childhood or pregnancy. Given their color variability, NOTA often require a combination of wavelengths for successful treatment. Quality-switched lasers have consistently shown efficacy in targeting dermal pigment, while picosecond lasers (PSLs) are an emerging technology for pigmentary disorders.

OBJECTIVE
To further elucidate its efficacy, the authors conducted a retrospective review of 17 patients with NOTA treated with a 785-nm PSL for brown NOTA lesions between 2021 and 2023.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
The primary end point analyzed clinical improvement based on before and after photography reviewed by 3 board-certified dermatologists using a five-point visual analog scale.

RESULTS
Seventeen patients of Fitzpatrick skin types (FSTs) II to V, ranging from ages 14 to 38 years, were included in this study. Patients were treated for an average of 3.2 sessions in 2 to 3-month intervals. Visual analog scale scores demonstrated a mean clearance of 51% to 75%. No pigmentary alterations were noted.

CONCLUSION
Because NOTA is common in higher FSTs, the authors believe that the 785-nm PSL is an excellent treatment option for brown NOTA in these skin types. This study highlights the need for further investigation to determine optimal treatment parameters for the color-based laser treatment approach for NOTA.
Case Series of Orbital Lymphoma: Cardinal Presentations
Authors: Urrutia Yordan A. , Fezza Tyler , Kosek Kalie , Fezza John P. 
Published: June 2024

Summary:
Periorbital lymphomas may present with nonspecific symptoms and may disguise as other ocular conditions, which may result in a missed diagnosis. The purpose of his case series is to add to the existing literature and raise awareness of this rare and lethal cancer so early detection and treatment can be instituted. A retrospective review of four diverse cases of periorbital lymphoma is described, highlighting the important role of plastic surgeons in early recognition and prompt diagnosis through extensive examination, imaging studies, and biopsies. The histological subtype and site of lesion play a critical role in the prognosis of patients with periorbital lymphoma. This article also underscores the significance of early detection and a multidisciplinary team approach.
Optimizing the Use of Pedicled versus Random Pattern Local Flaps in the Foot and Ankle
Authors: Li Karen R. , Lava Christian X. , Lee Seo Yeon , Suh Julie , Berger Lauren E. , Attinger Christopher E. 
Published: June 2024

Background:
The aim of this study was to compare the use of pedicled local (PFs) versus random pattern flaps (RpFs) in foot and ankle reconstruction in patients with chronic, nonhealing wounds.

Methods:
A single-center, retrospective review of 204 patients with 118 PFs and 86 RpFs was performed. The primary outcome included rates of limb salvage.

Results:
PFs were used more often in the hindfoot (44.1% versus 30.2%, P = 0.045), lateral and medial surface (39.8% versus 18.6%, P = 0.001), and wounds containing exposed bone and hardware (78.8% versus 62.8%, P = 0.018). RpFs were used more for forefoot (19.8% versus 10.2%, P = 0.053) and plantar defects (58.1% versus 30.3%, P = 0.000). RpFs had a higher rate of immediate success (100% versus 95.8%, P = 0.053), with no significant differences in rate of long-term limb salvage (77.1% versus 69.8%, P = 0.237). PFs had higher rates of ischemia requiring intervention (11.0% versus 3.5%, P = 0.048). RpFs had a higher rate of minor amputations (15.12% versus 6.8%, P = 0.053) but similar rates of major amputation (15.1% versus 16.1%, P = 0.848). There were no significant differences in rates of mortality or ambulatory status.

Conclusions:
Both RpFs and PFs remain reliable options to reconstruct defects of the foot and ankle. Optimizing the use of each flap type should consider wound characteristics. RpFs are preferred for dorsal and plantar defects, whereas PFs are protective for minor infections and preferred for deeper wounds despite a higher rate of partial necrosis.
The Importance of Social Support in the Management of Hypertension in Brazil
Authors: de Sales Paloma Cesar , McCarthy Margaret M. , Dickson Victoria Vaughan , Sullivan-Bolyai Susan , Melkus Gail D'Eramo , Chyun Deborah 
Published: June 2024

Background
The prevalence of hypertension (HTN) is high in Brazil, and control rates are low. Little is known about the factors that contribute to HTN control from a family-based perspective.

Objectives
Guided by the Family Management Style Framework, specific aims were to (1) describe the prevalence of adequate blood pressure (BP) control in individuals cared for the Family Health Strategy, (2) identify facilitators and barriers to HTN management, and (3) identify individual contextual sociocultural influences (sociocultural context and social and Family Health Strategy support), definition of the situation, and management behaviors that help or interfere with individual functioning (BP control in the individual with HTN).

Methods
This descriptive, cross-sectional study included 213 individuals with HTN randomly selected from 3 Family Health Strategy units from July 2016 until July 2017.

Results
Most of the individuals were female (n = 139, 65.3%), retired (n = 129, 60.5%), and White (n = 129, 60.2%) and had less than a high school education (n = 123, 57.6%). Family income (n = 166, 77.8%) was less than 5500 reals (US $1117/month). Mean (SD) systolic BP was 137.1 (±24.1) mm Hg, and mean (SD) diastolic BP was 83.8 (±18.6) mm Hg, with 47.9% (n = 102) having uncontrolled BP. In the multivariate logistic model, only high levels of perceived social support were significantly associated (odds ratio, 3.29; 95% confidence interval, 1.44–7.5; P = .005) with controlled BP.

Conclusions
Social support is strongly associated with BP control. Optimizing support may play an important role in BP control and preventing HTN-related complications.
Factors Influencing the Personal Recovery of Inpatients in a Forensic Psychiatric Hospital in South Korea
Authors: Gang Moonhee , Gwak Donghyeon 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the personal recovery of inpatients of a forensic psychiatric hospital.

Methods
A descriptive study design was assigned. The participants were 136 inpatients in a forensic psychiatric hospital in South Korea. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics Version 26.0 with descriptive statistics, independent t test, analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression.

Results
Perceived physical health status (β = 0.16, p = 0.034), perceived mental health status (β = 0.20, p = 0.023), perceived family support (β = 0.17, p = 0.013), duration of hospitalization (β = 0.25, p < 0.001), and recovery attitudes (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) were the significant factors explaining 42.6% of the variance in the personal recovery of participants.

Conclusion
The findings of this study indicate that recovery attitudes, health status, and personal support affect forensic mental health personal recovery. Personal recovery can be strengthened through nursing intervention and support to strengthen recovery attitudes and health status. It is necessary to get used to personal recovery through long-term and systematic education, and organizations and nurses need to make efforts to provide services centered on personal recovery.
Paraoxonase 1: evolution of the enzyme and of its role in protecting against atherosclerosis
Authors: Durrington Paul , Soran Handrean 
Published: June 2024

Purpose of review
To review the discoveries which led to the concept that serum paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is inversely related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) incidence, how this association came to be regarded as causal and how such a role might have evolved.

Recent findings
Animal models suggest a causal link between PON1 present on HDL and atherosclerosis. Serum PON1 activity predicts ASCVD with a similar reliability to HDL cholesterol, but at the extremes of high and low HDL cholesterol, there is discordance with PON1 being potentially more accurate. The paraoxonase gene family has its origins in the earliest life forms. Its greatest hydrolytic activity is towards lactones and organophosphates, both of which can be generated in the natural environment. It is active towards a wide range of substrates and thus its conservation may have resulted from improved survival of species facing a variety of evolutionary challenges.

Summary
Protection against ASCVD is likely to be the consequence of some promiscuous activity of PON1, but nonetheless has the potential for exploitation to improve risk prediction and prevention of ASCVD.
Clinical Observation of Infarct Volume ≥150 mL in Endovascular Thrombectomy Treatment
Authors: Zeng Hai , Zhou Jia , Xue Qing , Zhao Fengli , Liu Tingyu , Zhu Qingfeng 
Published: June 2024

Objectives:
Whether patients with infarct volume ≥150 mL could benefit from endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) remains unclear.

Methods:
Patients (n=104) with anterior circulation Alberta Stroke Program Early Computed Tomography Score <6 were screened for infarct volume ≥150 mL using the Pullicino formula × (1–22%). The following were compared with the baseline at 90 days: the modified Rankin scale score (mRS) ≤3, mortality rate, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and any intracranial hemorrhage within 48 hours, and modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥2b between the EVT and drug therapy (DT) groups.

Results:
In patients with infarct volumes ≥150 mL, mRS≤3 at 90 days was higher in the EVT group than in the DT group [adjusted odds risk (aOR), 5.52; 95% CI: 1.10-28.24, P=0.04), and mTICI ≥2b at 82.8%. Intracranial hemorrhage within 48 hours occurred in 7 (24.1%) patients in the EVT group and 5 (14.7%) in the DT group (aOR, 0.75; 95% CI: 0.16-3.46; P=0.71). Older age (aOR, 0.94; 95% CI: 0.90-0.99, P=0.01), EVT treatment (aOR, 4.51; 95% CI: 1.60-12.78, P=0.01), and infarct volume ≥150 mL (aOR, 0.11; 95% CI: 0.04-0.31, P<0.01) were significantly associated with patient prognosis.

Conclusions:
Patients with infarct volume ≥150 mL who received EVT had a higher proportion of mRS≤3 compared with those who received DT. However, there was no statistically significant difference in intracranial hemorrhage and death between the groups. EVT, smaller infarct volume, and younger age were associated with a good prognosis. The findings require large sample data verification.
Use of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation to Elicit Muscle Contractions Does Not Impair the Hyperemic Response Compared to Volitional Contractions
Authors: Tomko Patrick M. , Davis B. Ryan , Pelka Edward Z. , Gallagher Sydney F. , McDaniel John 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
Electrical stimulation-induced muscle contractions in individuals with paralyzed muscles are often associated with early-onset fatigue. We examined whether electrical stimulation of the quadriceps muscle results in vasoconstriction and a reduction in blood flow, which may contribute to this early-onset fatigue.

Methods
Seventeen young individuals completed 40 electrical stimulation isometric contractions (stimulation frequency of 75 Hz, pulse duration of 400 μs, on-off ratio 6.0–20 secs) and force matched voluntary isometric contractions. Isometric force, heart rate, blood pressure, superficial femoral diameter, and blood velocity were measured at baseline and during exercise (contractions 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40). Net, antegrade, and retrograde blood flow, and conductance were quantified. Two-way, within-subjects analyses of variance were used to evaluate diameter, blood flow, and conductance.

Results
Diameter was not different between electrical stimulation and voluntary (P = 0.57). Net blood flow increased during both conditions with the greatest blood flow occurring during electrical stimulation compared to voluntary (P ≤ 0.01). Electrical stimulation showed a greater increase antegrade and reduced retrograde flow compared to voluntary. After the twentieth contraction, electrical stimulation also elicited greater conductance than voluntary (P ≤ 0.049).

Conclusions
The use of neuromuscular electrical stimulation to elicit muscle contractions does not result in vasoconstriction or a reduced hyperemic response compared to volitional contractions.
A Nomogram Based on Conventional Ultrasound Radiomics for Differentiating Between Radial Scar and Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast
Authors: Su Huan-Zhong , Hong Long-Cheng , Su Yi-Ming , Chen Xiao-Shuang , Zhang Zuo-Bing , Zhang Xiao-Dong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We aimed to develop and validate a nomogram based on conventional ultrasound (CUS) radiomics model to differentiate radial scar (RS) from invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast. In total, 208 patients with histopathologically diagnosed RS or IDC of the breast were enrolled. They were randomly divided in a 7:3 ratio into a training cohort (n = 145) and a validation cohort (n = 63). Overall, 1316 radiomics features were extracted from CUS images. Then a radiomics score was constructed by filtering unstable features and using the maximum relevance minimum redundancy algorithm and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression algorithm. Two models were developed using data from the training cohort: one using clinical and CUS characteristics (Clin + CUS model) and one using clinical information, CUS characteristics, and the radiomics score (radiomics model). The usefulness of nomogram was assessed based on their differentiating ability and clinical utility. Nine features from CUS images were used to build the radiomics score. The radiomics nomogram showed a favorable predictive value for differentiating RS from IDC, with areas under the curve of 0.953 and 0.922 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Decision curve analysis indicated that this model outperformed the Clin + CUS model and the radiomics score in terms of clinical usefulness. The results of this study may provide a novel method for noninvasively distinguish RS from IDC.
SEPTIC SHOCK: LPS TOLERANCE PROTECTS MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS AND RESPIRATION
Authors: Silva Andre Augusto Botêga , Barbeiro Denise Frediani , Ariga Suely Kunimi Kubo , Barbeiro Hermes Vieira , Coelho Ana Maria Mendonça , Chaib Eleazar , Passarelli Marisa , Soriano Francisco Garcia 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a recognized feature of sepsis, characterized by ultrastructural damage, diminished oxidative phosphorylation, and depletion of mitochondrial antioxidant capacity observed in deceased septic patients. LPS tolerance induces a controlled response to sepsis. This study aimed to evaluate the function of tolerant mitochondria after cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)–induced sepsis. Mytochondrial oxygen consumption was determined using polarography. Extraction and quantification of RNA for the expression of Tfam, Nrf-1, and Ppargc-1α, and respiratory complex activity were measured. CLP-tolerant animals presented preserved respiratory rates of S3 and S4 and a ratio of respiratory control (RCR) compared to CLP-nontolerant animals with reduced oxidative phosphorylation and increased uncoupled respiration. Complex I Vmax was reduced in septic animals; however, CLP animals sustained normal Vmax. Mitochondrial biogenesis was preserved in CLP-tolerant animals compared to the CLP-nontolerant group, likely due to increased TFAM expression. LPS tolerance protected septic animals from mitochondrial dysfunction, favoring mitochondrial biogenesis and preserving mitochondrial respiration and respiratory complex I activity.
EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF PERMISSIBILITY HYPERCAPNIA ON POSTOPERATIVE DELIRIUM AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS UNDERGOING THORACOSCOPIC-LAPAROSCOPIC ESOPHAGECTOMY: A SINGLE-CENTER INVESTIGATIVE STUDY
Authors: Song Jie , Shao Yan-Mei , Zhang Guang-Hui , Fan Bing-Qian , Tao Wen-Hui , Liu Xiao-Fen , Huang Xiao-Ci , Hu Xian-Wen 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study explores how permissive hypercapnia, a key aspect of lung-protective ventilation, impacts postoperative delirium in elderly patients following thoracic surgery. Methods: A single-center trial at The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University involved 136 elderly patients undergoing thoracoscopic esophageal cancer resection. Randomly assigned to maintain PaCO2 35–45 mm Hg (group N) or 46–55 mm Hg (group H). Primary outcome: postoperative delirium (POD) incidence 1–3 days post-surgery. Secondary endpoints included monitoring rSO2, cardiovascular parameters (MAP, HR), pH, OI, and respiratory parameters (VT, RR, Cdyn, PIP) at specific time points. Perioperative tests assessed CRP/ALB ratio (CAR) and systemic inflammatory index (SII). VAS scores were documented for 3 postoperative days. Results: Postoperatively, group H showed significantly lower POD incidence than group N (7.4% vs. 19.1%, P = 0.043). Group H exhibited higher PaCO2 and rSO2 during surgery (P < 0.05). Patients in group H maintained better cardiovascular stability with higher blood pressure and lower heart rate on T2–4 (P < 0.05). Respiratory parameters were more stable in group H with lower TV, RR, and PIP, and higher Cdyn during OLV (P < 0.05). Group H had lower pH and higher OI at T2–4 (P < 0.05). CRP and CAR levels rose less in group H on the first day and 1 week later (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Maintaining PaCO2 at 46–55 mm Hg reduces POD incidence, possibly by enhancing rSO2 levels and stabilizing intraoperative respiration/circulation.
Research progress in natural N-glycosides and synthetic methodologies for the formation of N-glycosidic bonds
Authors: Xia Yingting , Xu Qingxia , Herron Alastair N. , Wang Wenjun , Shao Lidong , Li Guodong , Liu An , Cheng Jintang 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

N-glycosides comprise a broad range of compounds, some of which have demonstrated a variety of bioactivities, such as antiviral, antitumor, and antibacterial activities. Serving as essential building blocks for DNA and RNA, nucleosides are a particularly important subclass of N-glycosides. Accordingly, natural N-glycosides and their analogs have garnered great interests of both organic and pharmaceutical chemists, who have developed numerous synthetic methods for the preparation of N-glycosides. By reviewing the natural N-glycosides published between 1980 and 2023, this article summarizes current strategies for synthesizing N-glycosides, aiming to provide support for the development and research of N-glycosides.
The three YTHDF paralogs and VIRMA are the major tumor drivers among the m6A core genes in a pan-cancer analysis
Authors: Destefanis Eliana , Sighel Denise , Dalfovo Davide , Gilmozzi Riccardo , Broso Francesca , Cappannini Andrea , Bujnicki Janusz M. , Romanel Alessandro , Dassi Erik , Quattrone Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractN6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal modification in mRNAs. Despite accumulating evidence for the profound impact of m6A on cancer biology, there are conflicting reports that alterations in genes encoding the m6A machinery proteins can either promote or suppress cancer, even in the same tumor type. Using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, we performed a pan-cancer investigation of 15 m6A core factors in nearly 10,000 samples from 31 tumor types to reveal underlying cross-tumor patterns. Altered expression, largely driven by copy number variations at the chromosome arm level, results in the most common mode of dysregulation of these factors. YTHDF1, YTHDF2, YTHDF3, and VIRMA are the most frequently altered factors and the only ones to be uniquely altered when tumors are grouped according to the expression pattern of the m6A factors. These genes are also the only ones with coherent, pan-cancer predictive power for progression-free survival. On the contrary, METTL3, the most intensively studied m6A factor as a cancer target, shows much lower levels of alteration and no predictive power for patient survival. Therefore, we propose the non-enzymatic YTHDF and VIRMA genes as preferred subjects to dissect the role of m6A in cancer and as priority cancer targets.Graphical abstract