bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Horizontal-Well Completions in the Haynesville Shale
Authors: Thompson John , Fan Li , Grant Dee , Martin Ron B. , Kanneganti Kousic T. , Lindsay Garrett J. 
Published: June 2011

Summary
A steep learning curve has evolved in drilling and completing horizontal wells in the Haynesville shale. The challenge is to understand the production mechanism of the Haynesville and how completion practices in relation to lateral lengths, stages, and stimulation treatments relate with production.
This paper gives an overview of the Haynesville horizontal-well production and the dominant factors that affect production, along with a detailed analysis of the completions. Dominant factors that affect production in the Haynesville shale can be divided into four categories: geology/petrophysics/geomechanics, landing and placement of the lateral, completions, and production control. Integrating all four categories is critical to characterize well performance and optimize future production; however, this paper focusses primarily on the completions.
Self-organizing maps (SOMs) of 49 wells in the strait region of the Haynesville shale reveal that high-producing wells have been treated primarily with slickwater, high fluid and proppant volumes, moderate amounts of 100-US-mesh sand, and moderate pump rates per perforation. These wells are typically located in cluster spacing of approximately 75 ft and have stage lengths of approximately 300 ft. Most show lower post-fracture instantaneous shut-in pressure (ISIP) than lower-producing wells. These observations and characteristics of high-producing wells along with best completion practices can help design optimal completions and stimulation treatments in the Haynesville.
Effect of Temperature and Pressure on Contact Angle and Interfacial Tension of Quartz/Water/Bitumen Systems
Authors: Rajayi Maryam , Kantzas Apostolos 
Published: June 2011

Summary
Thermal-recovery methods (e.g., steam injection) are commonly used to recover bitumen from oil sands. The injected steam contacts the oil sand and forms an interface. The steam changes to water, transferring its heat to bitumen across this interface. The heated bitumen will have a lower viscosity, which allows for oil to be mobilized and recovered from the reservoir.
Studies that explain hot-water/bitumen interfaces are crucial for understanding thermal-recovery methods. The strength and energy of hot-water/bitumen interfaces are expected to play important roles in the recovery of bitumen from oil sands. However, measurements on hot-water/bitumen interfaces are scarce in the literature. A relevant measurement would be the contact angle and interfacial tension (IFT) of the water/bitumen interfaces at different temperatures. In this paper, it has been attempted to reveal and present the results of several water/bitumen contact-angle and IFT measurements. The measurements cover a temperature range from ambient to 100°C for a given pressure.
The experiments are run in X-ray transparent cells, and images are taken using a microcomputed-tomography (microCT) scanner. The results of contact angle and the IFTs of the hot-water/bitumen interface are produced by using the axisymmetric drop shape-analysis (ADSA) method.
Reservoir Management in the Means San Andres Unit
Authors: Stiles L.H. , Magruder J.B. 
Published: June 2011

Summary
The Means field provides an opportunity to observe the evolution ofreservoir management to meet ever-changing economic and technical challenges asthe field has been produced by primary, secondary, and tertiary methods. Reservoir management at Means has consisted of an ongoing but changingsurveillance program supplemented with periodic major reservoir studies toevaluate and make changes to the depletion plan. Current operations are anintegrated program of CO2 injection, infill drilling, and waterflooding. Todate, the tertiary project has performed above expectations. project hasperformed above expectations.

Introduction
The Means field in Andrews County, TX was discovered in 1934 and developedon 40-acre spacing. Reservoir management techniques began within 1 year ofdiscovery and have become increasingly complex as operations have changed fromprimary to secondary to tertiary. In 1963, a major portion of the field wasunitized as the portion of the field was unitized as the Means (San Andres)Unit (MSAU). Several papers described specific programs for papers describedspecific programs for the field. This paper describes the evolution ofreservoir management at Means. This paper concentrates on the reservoirdescription, infill drilling with pattern modification, and reservoir surveyportions of reservoir management. Reservoir portions of reservoir management. Reservoir description methods have evolved from the relatively simpletechniques used in the 1930's to the recent use of high-resolution seismic toimprove pay correlation between wells. The importance of reservoir continuityin determining well spacing and injection patterns is discussed for bothsecondary and patterns is discussed for both secondary and tertiary operations. Although surveillance has always been an integral part of reservoir managementin the Means field, a much more detailed plan was developed for surveillance ofthe CO2 tertiary project.

Field Discovery and Development
The Means (San Andres) field is located about 50 miles northwest of Midland, along the eastern edge of the Central Basin platform (Fig. 1), and lies in atrend of San platform (Fig. 1), and lies in a trend of San Andres productionthat extends for more than 100 miles in a northwest-southeast direction. Thefield was discovered in 1934 and by the early 1950's was developed on 40-acrespacing with approximately 300 wells in the MSAU area.
Visual Clustering Analysis of CIS Logs to Inform Creation of a User-configurable Web CIS Interface
Authors: Bakken S. , Senathirajah Y. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryBackground: In this paper, we describe a new method for the study of clinical information system (CIS) logfiles joined with information in the clinical data warehouse. This method uses heatmap representations and clustering techniques to examine clinicians’ viewing patterns of laboratory test results. The context of our application of these techniques is to inform the creation of a widget-based interface to the CIS.Objectives: We address the rationale, feasibility, and usefulness of our method through examination of three hypotheses:1) The frequency distribution of laboratory test viewing will follow a ’long tail’ pattern, indicating that patterns are highly variable and supporting the rationale for a widget-based configurable system.2) Patterns of laboratory testing viewing (by clinician, specialty, clinician/patient/day, and ICD-9-CM codes) can be distinguished by our methods.3) The identified clusters will include more than 80% of the laboratory test elements found in 30 randomly selected patient records for one day.Methods: The data were plotted as heatmaps and clustered using hierarchical clustering software. Various parameters were tested to give the optimal clusters.Results: All the hypotheses were supported. For Hypothesis 3, 91.4% of information elements in the records were covered by the generated clusters.Conclusions: Study findings support the rationale, feasibility, and usefulness of our methods to examine patterns of information access among clinicians and to inform the creation of widget-based interfaces. The results also contribute to our general understanding of clinicians’ CIS use.
Lessons Learned from Data Mining of WHO Mortality Database
Authors: Paoin W. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryObjectives: The objectives of this research were to test the ability of classification algorithms to predict the cause of death in the mortality data with unknown causes, to find association between common causes of death, to identify groups of countries based on their common causes of death, and to extract knowledge gained from data mining of the World Health Organization mortality database.Methods: The WEKA software version 3.5.3 was used for classification, clustering and association analysis of the World Health Organization mortality database which contained 1,109,537 records. Three major steps were performed: Step 1 – preprocessing of data to convert all records into suitable formats for each type of analysis algorithm; Step 2 – analyzing data using the C4.5 decision tree and Naïve Bayes classification algorithm, K-means clustering algorithm and Apriori association analysis algorithm; Step 3 – interpretation of results and hypothesis testing after clustering analysis.Results: Using a C4.5 decision tree classifier to predict cause of death, we obtained 440 leaf nodes that correctly classify death instances with an accuracy of 40.06%. Naïve Bayes classification algorithm calculated probability of death from each disease that correctly classify death instances with an accuracy of 28.13%. K means clustering divided the data into four clusters with 189, 59, 65, 144 country-years in each cluster. A Chi-square was used to test discriminate disease differences found in each cluster which had different diseases as predominant causes of death. Apriori association analysis produced association rules of linkage among cancer of the lung, hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases. These were found in the top five leading causes of death with 99–100% confidence level.Conclusion: Classification tools produced the poorest results in predicting cause of death. Given the inadequacy of variables in the WHO database, creation of a classification model to predict specific cause of death was impossible. Clustering and association tools yielded interesting results that could be used to identify new areas of interest in mortality data analysis. This can be used in data mining analysis to help solve some quality problems in mortality data.
Multidimensional Point Transform for Public Health Practice
Authors: Kamel Boulos M. N. , AbdelMalik P. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryBackground: With increases in spatial information and enabling technologies, location-privacy concerns have been on the rise. A commonly proposed solution in public health involves random perturbation, however consideration for individual dimensions (at-tributes) has been weak.Objectives: The current study proposes a multidimensional point transform (MPT) that integrates the spatial dimension with other dimensions of interest to comprehensively anonymise data.Methods: The MPT relies on the availability of a base population, a subset patient dataset, and shared dimensions of interest. Perturbation distance and anonymity thresholds are defined, as are allowable dimensional perturbations. A preliminary implementation is presented using sex, age and location as the three dimensions of interest, with a maximum perturbation distance of 1 kilometre and an anonymity threshold of 20%. A synthesised New York county population is used for testing with 1000 iterations for each of 25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 patient dataset sizes.Results: The MPT consistently yielded a mean perturbation distance of 46 metres with no sex or age perturbation required. Displacement of the spatial mean decreased with patient dataset size and averaged 5.6 metres overall.Conclusions: The MPT presents a flexible, customisable and adaptive algorithm for perturbing datasets for public health, allowing tweaking and optimisation of the trade-offs for different datasets and purposes. It is not, however, a substitute for secure and ethical conduct, and a public health framework for the appropriate disclosure, use and dissemination of data containing personal identifiable information is required. The MPT presents an important component of such a framework.
La laïcité : un principe à l'ordre du jour de la IIe République tunisienne ?
Authors: Hached Farah 
Published: June 2011

La Tunisie post-révolutionnaire va entamer la rédaction de sa nouvelle Constitution. Quelle sera la place de l’Islam dans l’ordre politico-juridique de la IIe République tunisienne ? Le principe de laïcité sera-t-il à l’ordre du jour ? En étudiant l’architecture actuelle de la relation entre l’Islam et le droit et l’Islam et l’Etat, on peut se demander si le principe de laïcité est l’instrument le plus adapté à la situation tunisienne. D’autres pistes moins controversées mais tout aussi, voire même plus, protectrices des droits et libertés fondamentales peuvent être empruntées.
Jordan: Revolutionaries without a Revolution
Authors: Al Shalabi Jamal 
Published: June 2011

Contrairement à l’image très répandue d’un oasis de stabilité dans un Moyen-Orient conflictuel, la Jordanie a connu des soubresauts révolutionnaires il y a plus de vingt ans. Une analyse détaillée des transformations politiques, sociales et économiques observées en Jordanie indique que ce pays fut même l’un des premiers pays arabes à expérimenter un changement révolutionnaire « silencieux » car peu médiatisé à l’époque. En 1989, la Jordanie a ainsi connu ce qu’on appelle communément la « poussée d’avril », qui exigeait le combat contre la corruption, le développement des libertés et la limitation des pouvoirs du Roi. Vingt deux ans après cette « poussée », de nouvelles forces politiques (les militaires retraités, les tribus, la déclaration des 36 et le Mouvement de la Jeunesse en Marche) ont fait émerger des programmes de réformes politiques et économiques qui ont, dès novembre 2010, donné lieu à des protestations et des manifestations. Amorcées avant les révolutions tunisienne et égyptienne, ces mouvements demandaient le départ du gouvernement, la dissolution du Parlement et la mise en œuvre de réformes politiques. La convergence de l’opposition traditionnelle (les Frères Musulmans, les nationalistes et des personnalités indépendantes) et de la nouvelle opposition (l’armée, les tribus et la jeunesse) ne signifie pas, d’une quelconque façon, un « renversement du régime hachémite », mais plutôt sa réforme. Il semble que la nature tribale de la société, doublée de la flexibilité et de l’expérience du régime, lui a permis d’avoir une communication avec ces nouvelles forces « rebelles », ce qui lui a permis d’éviter une confrontation brutale.
Israël face aux révoltes arabes : raidissement ou ouvertures ?
Authors: Berthelot Pierre 
Published: June 2011

Les récentes révoltes arabes ont surpris l’ensemble de la communauté internationale et Israël, qui, bien qu’en principe extrêmement bien informé des évolutions de ses voisins, n’a pas davantage pu ou su anticiper ces bouleversements. La question qui est maintenant posée est celle de l’attitude qu’adoptera l’Etat hébreu, acteur incontournable de toute perspective de paix ou de stabilité régionale, car de celui-ci peut dépendre en partie le sort de ces révolutions. Il semble que trois types de réactions soient possibles de sa part, bien que toutes prévisions en ce sens restent plus qu’incertaines, ne serait-ce que parce qu’Israël souhaite conserver ce qui a constitué un de ses atouts majeurs au cours des dernières décennies : l’effet de surprise. La première hypothèse, c’est que l’on assiste à un raidissement voire à une fuite en avant de la coalition ultranationaliste qui montrerait ainsi aux nouveaux régimes sa détermination et pourrait aussi profiter de l’affaiblissement de certains alliés de l’Iran pour attaquer ses sites nucléaires et accélérer la colonisation. A l’inverse, Tel-Aviv pourrait accompagner positivement les évènements actuels en en devenant un acteur à part entière, via la relance de négociations aboutissant à l’émergence d’un authentique Etat palestinien (avant qu’il ne soit proclamé unilatéralement) ce qui favoriserait l’émergence d’un climat régional pacifié. Enfin, on peut également supposer que face au tumulte observé, la prudence ne l’emporte et que le statu quo, plus confortable à court terme, ne soit finalement privilégié alors qu’Israël a toujours une certaine difficulté à savoir s’il doit se réjouir ou s’inquiéter de cette déferlante démocratique.
Impacts monétaires de la crise sur les pays méditerranéens et guerre des changes ?
Authors: Alméras Guillaume 
Published: June 2011

Le texte ci-dessous reprend et développe les idées qu’il a présentées lors des premières Rencontres de Cybèle organisées par l’association Euromed-IHEDN le 17 décembre 2010 à Paris, autour du thème « Les relations en Méditerranée seront durablement affectées par la crise mondiale ».
L'immigration algérienne en France : histoire et actualité
Authors: Meynier Pierrette , Meynier Gilbert 
Published: June 2011

La migration algérienne vers la France a commencé à la fin du XIX e siècle. Elle a été accélérée par les demandes de main d’œuvre pendant la première guerre. Elle s’est ensuite poursuivie, outre à Paris, notamment dans le Nord, en Lorraine, à Lyon-Saint Étienne et à Marseille, mais avec des reflux – lors de la crise économique des années 30 et pendant la deuxième guerre. Elle s’est accélérée après 1945 et durant les « trente glorieuses ». Elle a fortement reflué à partir de 1974, bloquée qu’elle a été conjointement par les autorités française et algérienne. Depuis, de masculine qu’elle était surtout, elle a évolué avec les regroupements familiaux, mais elle n’a jamais cessé et elle tend à reprendre depuis la dernière décennie du XX e siècle. Mais aujourd’hui, c’est dans la conjoncture tragique du verrouillage de l’Europe par le système Frontex, en coopération avec le Maghreb et en partenariat non dit avec le pouvoir algérien pour traquer les harragas qui tombent, en Algérie, depuis 2008 sous le coup d’une pénalisation par la loi.
Photographic Diabetic Retinopathy Screening in an Urban Family Practice Clinic: Effect on Compliance to Eye Examination
Authors: Shah Sanket U. , Seibles JoAnn , Park Susanna S. 
Published: June 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
This study assessed the effect of introduction of diabetic retinopathy screening using non-mydriatic digital fundus photography (nDFP) in an urban academic family practice clinic on patient compliance to recommended dilated eye examination (REE).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Two hundred four patients with diabetes mellitis who were noncompliant to annual REE were screened for diabetic retinopathy using nDFP. The images were electronically transmitted to the retinal specialist to triage them for follow-up REE based on the photographic findings. Retrospective review of their medical records compared the compliance to REE before and after nDFP screening.

RESULTS:

Compliance to REE increased from 9% before screening to 66.5% after screening (
P
< .0001). Good quality fundus images were obtained in 93% of the eyes.

CONCLUSION:
Introduction of nDFP for diabetic retinopathy screening in the family practice clinic can result in a dramatic increase in compliance to REE among patients with diabetes mellitis previously poorly compliant to REE.
A survey of E-learning Implementation Best Practices in Jordanian Government Universities
Authors: Altarawneh Haroon Salem 
Published: June 2011

With the facility to connect people and information around the world, the Internet is before now having a major impact on the traditional education. Currently, students can easily access the online course materials anytime anywhere. Internet also amplifies the complication of the course materials development. As the learning idea is taken by a student in the e-learning environment, traditional teacher determined learning model is no longer appropriate. As a result, student-centered course materials which are prepared based on individual studentâ??s learning expectation, styles, interests and individual academic background become critical.
The quick growth of Internet technologies and web based environments, e-learning has become a major trend in the education area. Most of the e-learning contents are still developed in same traditional educational ways; Jordanian government Universities followed a different ways in implementing e-learning systems. The objective of this research is to understand the extent of E-learning implementation practices currently in use. To achieve this objective, a survey of E-learning implementation practice in Jordanian universities was conducted. A detailed description of the survey procedures is provided in this paper.
The units of analysis for the survey were Jordanian government universities undertaking E-learning systems implementations. The target population included all Jordanian government universities which implement E-learning systems by second party as well as in-house e-learning system development. The results showed that there is a weakness in applying E-learning implementation practices in Jordanian government universities. The results of the study lead to important recommendations to improve E-learning implementation practice in Jordanian government universities in Jordan like that the development teams should be multidisciplinary and universities should pay attention to the quality management and standards. The results also compared to some case studies from European countries. The analysis also showed that there are significant differences in the levels of adoption of E-learning implementations practices between European universities and Jordanian government universities.
Evaluation of Online Health and Wellness Resources for Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Macdonald Colla Jean , Archibald D. , Kellam H. , Sun R. , Stodel E. , Puddester D. 
Published: June 2011

Two online resources, ePhysicianHealth.com and eWorkplaceHealth.com, were developed to help physicians and other healthcare professionals improve their health and well-being by providing them with relevant, up-to-date support and resources at no cost and with anonymous access. ePhysicianHealth.com is the worldâ??s first comprehensive, online physician health and wellness resource designed to help physicians and medical students be resilient in their professional and personal lives. eWorkplaceHealth.com is a new and original resource aimed to increase awareness and understanding of the issues and factors that may affect healthcare professionalsâ?? health at work. ePhysicianHealth.com includes 14 modules in French and English and eWorkplaceHealth.com comprises a four-module program in English. A program evaluation using quantitative and qualitative methods was conducted to obtain evidence regarding the usersâ?? perceptions of the learning resources and their impact on the specified outcomes.
Most participants felt they gained new knowledge from ePhysicianHealth.com and eWorkplaceHealth.com. They felt they had access to useful information through the resources, which increased their awareness of the various issues facing physicians today and where they can go to get assistance when in need.