bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective effects of nimodipine and nifedipine in the NGF‐differentiated PC12 cells exposed to oxygen‐glucose deprivation or trophic withdrawal
Authors: Lecht Shimon , Rotfeld Elena , Arien‐Zakay Hadar , Tabakman Rinat , Matzner Henry , Yaka Rami , Lelkes Peter I. , Lazarovici Philip 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe goal of this study was to compare the neuroprotective properties of the l‐type Ca2+ channel blockers, nimodipine and nifedipine, using nerve growth factor (NGF)‐differentiated PC12 neuronal cultures exposed to oxygen‐glucose deprivation (OGD) and trophic withdrawal‐induced cell death. Nimodipine (1–100 μM) conferred 65 ± 13% neuroprotection upon exposure to OGD and 35 ± 6% neuroprotection towards different trophic withdrawal‐induced cell death measured by lactate dehydrogenase and caspase 3 activities. The time window of nimodipine conferred neuroprotection was detected during the first 5 h but not at longer OGD exposures. Nifedipine (1–100 μM), to a lower potency than nimodipine, conferred 30–55 ± 8% neuroprotection towards OGD in PC12 cells and 29 ± 5% in rat hypocampal slices, and 10 ± 3% neuroprotection at 100 μM towards trophic withdrawal‐induced PC12 cell death. The ability to demonstrate that nimodipine conferred neuroprotection in a narrow therapeutic time‐window indicates that the OGD PC12 model mimics the in vivo models and therefore suitable for neuroprotective drug discovery and development.
Sea-level history of past interglacial periods from uranium-series dating of corals, Curaçao, Leeward Antilles islands
Authors: Muhs Daniel R. , Pandolfi John M. , Simmons Kathleen R. , Schumann R. Randall 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCuraçao has reef terraces with the potential to provide sea-level histories of interglacial periods. Ages of the Hato (upper) unit of the “Lower Terrace” indicate that this reef dates to the last interglacial period, Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5.5. On Curaçao, this high sea stand lasted at least 8000 yr (~ 126 to ~ 118 ka). Elevations and age of this reef show that late Quaternary uplift rates on Curaçao are low, 0.026–0.054 m/ka, consistent with its tectonic setting. Ages of ~ 200 ka for corals from the older Cortalein unit of the Lower Terrace correlate this reef to MIS 7, with paleo-sea level estimates ranging from − 3.3 m to + 2.3 m. The estimates are in agreement with those for MIS 7 made from other localities and indicate that the penultimate interglacial period was a time of significant warmth, on a par with the present interglacial period. The ~ 400 ka (MIS 11) Middle Terrace I on Curaçao, dated by others, may have formed from a paleo-sea level of + 8.3 to + 10.0 m, or (less likely) + 17 m to + 20 m. The lower estimates are conservative compared to previous studies, but still require major ice sheet loss from Greenland and Antarctica.
Intersystem crossing and dynamics in O(
3
P) + C
2
H
4
multichannel reaction: Experiment validates theory
Authors: Fu Bina , Han Yong-Chang , Bowman Joel M. , Angelucci Luca , Balucani Nadia , Leonori Francesca , Casavecchia Piergiorgio 
Published: June 2012

The O(
3
P) + C
2
H
4
reaction, of importance in combustion and atmospheric chemistry, stands out as a paradigm reaction involving triplet- and singlet-state potential energy surfaces (PESs) interconnected by intersystem crossing (ISC). This reaction poses challenges for theory and experiments owing to the ruggedness and high dimensionality of these potentials, as well as the long lifetimes of the collision complexes. Primary products from five competing channels (H + CH
2
CHO, H + CH
3
CO, H
2
+ CH
2
CO, CH
3
+ HCO, CH
2
+ CH
2
O) and branching ratios (BRs) are determined in crossed molecular beam experiments with soft electron-ionization mass-spectrometric detection at a collision energy of 8.4 kcal/mol. As some of the observed products can only be formed via ISC from triplet to singlet PESs, from the product BRs the extent of ISC is inferred. A new full-dimensional PES for the triplet state as well as spin-orbit coupling to the singlet PES are reported, and roughly half a million surface hopping trajectories are run on the coupled singlet-triplet PESs to compare with the experimental BRs and differential cross-sections. Both theory and experiment find almost equal contributions from the two PESs to the reaction, posing the question of how important is it to consider the ISC as one of the nonadiabatic effects for this and similar systems involved in combustion chemistry. Detailed comparisons at the level of angular and translational energy distributions between theory and experiment are presented for the two primary channel products, CH
3
+ HCO and H + CH
2
CHO. The agreement between experimental and theoretical functions is excellent, implying that theory has reached the capability of describing complex multichannel nonadiabatic reactions.
Room temperature femtosecond X-ray diffraction of photosystem II microcrystals
Authors: Kern Jan , Alonso-Mori Roberto , Hellmich Julia , Tran Rosalie , Hattne Johan , Laksmono Hartawan , Glöckner Carina , Echols Nathaniel , Sierra Raymond G. , Sellberg Jonas , Lassalle-Kaiser Benedikt , Gildea Richard J. , Glatzel Pieter , Grosse-Kunstleve Ralf W. , Latimer Matthew J. , McQueen Trevor A. , DiFiore Dörte , Fry Alan R. , Messerschmidt Marc , Miahnahri Alan , Schafer Donald W. , Seibert M. Marvin , Sokaras Dimosthenis , Weng Tsu-Chien , Zwart Petrus H. , White William E. , Adams Paul D. , Bogan Michael J. , Boutet Sébastien , Williams Garth J. , Messinger Johannes , Sauter Nicholas K. , Zouni Athina , Bergmann Uwe , Yano Junko , Yachandra Vittal K. 
Published: June 2012

Most of the dioxygen on earth is generated by the oxidation of water by photosystem II (PS II) using light from the sun. This light-driven, four-photon reaction is catalyzed by the Mn4CaO5cluster located at the lumenal side of PS II. Various X-ray studies have been carried out at cryogenic temperatures to understand the intermediate steps involved in the water oxidation mechanism. However, the necessity for collecting data at room temperature, especially for studying the transient steps during the O–O bond formation, requires the development of new methodologies. In this paper we report room temperature X-ray diffraction data of PS II microcrystals obtained using ultrashort (< 50 fs) 9 keV X-ray pulses from a hard X-ray free electron laser, namely the Linac Coherent Light Source. The results presented here demonstrate that the ”probe before destroy” approach using an X-ray free electron laser works even for the highly-sensitive Mn4CaO5cluster in PS II at room temperature. We show that these data are comparable to those obtained in synchrotron radiation studies as seen by the similarities in the overall structure of the helices, the protein subunits and the location of the various cofactors. This work is, therefore, an important step toward future studies for resolving the structure of the Mn4CaO5cluster without any damage at room temperature, and of the reaction intermediates of PS II during O–O bond formation.
Semimetallic dense hydrogen above 260 GPa
Authors: Lebègue Sébastien , Araujo Carlos Moyses , Kim Duck Young , Ramzan Muhammad , Mao Ho-kwang , Ahuja Rajeev 
Published: June 2012

Being the lightest and the most abundant element in the universe, hydrogen is fascinating to physicists. In particular, the conditions of its metallization associated with a possible superconducting state at high temperature have been a matter of much debate in the scientific community, and progress in this field is strongly correlated with the advancements in theoretical methods and experimental techniques. Recently, the existence of hydrogen in a metallic state was reported experimentally at room temperature under a pressure of 260–270 GPa, but was shortly after that disputed in the light of more experiments, finding either a semimetal or a transition to an other phase. With the aim to reconcile the different interpretations proposed, we propose by combining several computational techniques, such as density functional theory and the GW approximation, that phase III at ambient temperature of hydrogen is the
Cmca
-12 phase, which becomes a semimetal at 260 GPa . From phonon calculations, we demonstrate it to be dynamically stable; calculated electron–phonon coupling is rather weak and therefore this phase is not expected to be a high-temperature superconductor.
Cross-linguistic influence and acceptability judgments of L2 and L1 collocations
Authors: Leśniewska Justyna , Witalisz Ewa 
Published: June 2012

The paper presents an investigation of the extent and nature of cross-linguistic influence on both L2 and L1 phraseological competence of advanced Polish learners of English. We review relevant research studies, which describe various types of collocational deviation from native speaker norms in the language production of advanced learners, and indicate that the collocational choices of learners may be affected by their L1, which results either in incorrect collocations, or in patterns of underuse or overuse.

We administered two acceptability judgment tests to 91 Polish advanced learners of English, aged 20–22. The collocations used in the test could be classified with respect to two criteria: firstly, they were either typical or unusual collocations; secondly, they were either congruent with their L1 or L2 equivalents or not. Despite the fact that there is both empirical and theoretical support for the idea that learners may show a preference for those L2 collocations which are congruent with L1, our findings do not support this hypothesis. There is no obvious pattern of cross-linguistic influence emerging from the data. The results of this study seem to give the picture of advanced learners who function in their L2 independently of the L1.
Evaluating a Novel Passive Integrated Transponder Tag in Largemouth Bass
Authors: Siepker Michael J. , Knuth David S. , Ball Elizabeth L. , Koppelman Jeffrey B. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags are used in fisheries evaluations as a means of marking individual fish because they often have high retention rates, can be passively detected, do not affect fish behavior, and typically do not increase the mortality rates of the study fish. One potential limitation of current PIT tag designs is their glass encapsulation, which could be hazardous to humans if inadvertently consumed. In response to these concerns, plastic infusion process (PIP) PIT tags that are fully encapsulated in food-grade polymers have recently been developed. We tested in experimental ponds the retention rates of two PIT tag types (i.e., glass and PIP) implanted into two anatomical locations (i.e., the intraperitoneal cavity and dorsal musculature) in two groups of largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides. Retention of both tag types was excellent, with only one glass tag being expelled during the study. Survival was higher in control fish than in tagged fish; however, tag type and anatomical tagging location did not influence mortality rates of tagged individuals. The mortality of tagged fish in one trial was related to fish size, the larger individuals surviving better in ponds than their smaller conspecifics. Overall, both tag types performed very well in both anatomical tagging locations. We recommend that fisheries personnel consider the new PIP PIT tags if their work involves tagging fish that could be captured and used for human consumption; however, the size of the study specimens could influence their survival.
Received August 4, 2011; accepted January 25, 2012
Environmental and Population Strain Effects on Survival of Lahontan Cutthroat Trout in Walker Lake, Nevada: A Bayesian Approach
Authors: Sedinger James S. , Blomberg Erik J. , VanDellen Amanda W. , Byers Stephanie 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Lahontan cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii henshawi are listed as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. Populations inhabiting terminal lakes in the Great Basin of Utah and adjacent states face increasing salinity associated with increased anthropogenic use of water and climate change. We used tag recovery models and Markov chain–Monte Carlo methods to assess models of variation in annual survival and tag recovery rates for two genetic strains (Pilot Peak and Pyramid Lake) of Lahontan cutthroat trout stocked into Walker Lake, Nevada, from 1998 to 2008. The best-performing model of annual survival and tag recoveries allowed recovery probability in the first year after release to differ from subsequent recovery rates. The best model contained an interaction between strain and total dissolved solids (TDS) for annual survival. That is, the annual survival of both strains declined as TDS increased, but the Pilot Peak strain was more sensitive to TDS than was the Pyramid Lake strain. The annual survival of fish from the Pilot Peak strain was higher than that of the Pyramid Lake strain at all but the highest TDS levels. Although TDS levels in 2005–2008 were too high to warrant continued stocking of cutthroat trout into Walker Lake, if flows into Walker Lake are increased sufficiently to return TDS levels to those of the late 1990s, the Pilot Peak strain should be stocked.
Received August 24, 2011; accepted February 6, 2012
Tag Retention of T-Bar Anchor Tags and Passive Integrated Transponder Tags in Shovelnose Sturgeon
Authors: Hamel Martin J. , Hammen Jeremy J. , Pegg Mark A. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Capture–recapture methods are commonly used to estimate population parameters when the necessary assumptions are met. One of the broadest assumptions of capture–recapture models is that tags are not lost. Therefore, one must understand tag retention to be able to adjust estimates if tag loss occurs. Our objectives were to (1) determine retention rates of T-bar anchor tags and passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags injected into the dorsal musculature of shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus and (2) determine whether using an alternative PIT-tagging location (the operculum) and a new tagging procedure (cyanoacrylate [i.e., superglue] to seal the tag insertion point) provided higher retention. The T-bar tags had a retention rate of 100%; PIT tag retention, however, was more variable. Injection of PIT tags along the dorsal fin resulted in a retention rate of 73%, and tag loss was observed throughout the 98-d experiment. The application of cyanoacrylate did not appear to deter PIT tag loss; retention rates before and after cyanoacrylate was applied were 73% and 77%, respectively. Further, we observed a similar trend of continual PIT tag loss throughout the experiment. The operculum location resulted in a 92% PIT tag retention rate and showed no trend in cumulative loss through time. The high retention rate of PIT tags placed in the operculum suggests that this location is a reliable alternative to inserting PIT tags along the dorsal fin of adult Scaphirhynchus species. In addition, the excellent retention of T-bar tags makes them a viable option for use in Scaphirhynchus studies.
Received October 8, 2011; accepted March 1, 2012
Comparison of Catch Efficiencies between Black and Galvanized Minnow Traps
Authors: Paradis Yves , Dupuch Angélique , Magnan Pierre 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Minnow traps are widely used in aquatic ecology for the quantitative sampling of small-bodied fish. We used paired sampling stations to compare the catch efficiency of minnow traps constructed of galvanized steel with that of traps constructed of steel mesh covered with a black vinyl coating in field and laboratory conditions. Except for northern redbelly dace Phoxinus eos in field sampling, the catch efficiency of the galvanized minnow traps was higher than that of the black traps. Catches of pumpkinseed Lepomis gibbosus, creek chub Semotilus atromaculatus, and white sucker Catostomus commersonii were up to five times higher in the galvanized minnow traps than in the black ones. For the quantitative estimation of small-bodied fish, we recommend using only galvanized minnow traps to maximize catch efficiency. If data are intended for quantitative analyses, mixing minnow trap models in a field survey could lead to inappropriate catch comparisons.
Received October 31, 2011; accepted January 23, 2012
Correlation of Parasites with Growth of Yellow Perch
Authors: Cloutier Véronique B. , Glémet Hélène , Ferland-Raymond Bastien , Gendron Andrée D. , Marcogliese David J. 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
The possible influence of parasites on the short-term and long-term growth and condition of yellow perch Perca flavescens was examined by investigating correlations between parasite abundance and specific growth variables. The following parasites were enumerated in age-1 yellow perch collected from Lake St. Pierre in June 2008: Apophallus brevis, Diplostomum spp., Ichthyocotylurus spp., Tylodelphys scheuringi, Phyllodistomum superbum, and Raphidascaris acus. Short-term growth was estimated using RNA/DNA ratios and long-term growth via the total length and condition as measured by the Fulton index. No correlation was found between parasite abundance and short-term growth, but a negative influence of combined infections of T. scheuringi and P. superbum on long-term growth was detected. In addition, the abundance of Ichthyocotylurus spp. was positively correlated with the condition of the yellow perch. Together these results suggest that limited or subtle pathogenic effects in juvenile fish are not discernable in recent growth but only in long-term growth indices. Furthermore, in future studies examination of parasite effects on fish growth should account for multiple infections.
Received September 29, 2011; accepted January 20, 2012
Conservation Aquaculture of Northern Leatherside Chub and Effects of Temperature on Egg Survival
Authors: Bartley Matthew S , Wagner Eric J , Oplinger Randall W 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
We present 4 years of data that refine aquaculture protocols for the northern leatherside chub Lepidomeda copei, a species of conservation concern in the Intermountain West. Experiments examined life history traits (age at first spawning and thermal limits to egg hatching success) and aquaculture techniques (brood density, spawning substrate type and surface area, and feeding methods for fry). Tests showed that leatherside chub can reproduce as early as age 2. Multiple spawns per female during a year were also documented. Survival of eggs was compared at incubation temperatures of 18.4, 23.0, 24.6, and 26.8°C. Eggs at 18.4°C had the highest survival to hatching (54.0%); eggs at 26.8°C had significantly lower survival (1.5%). Egg survival at 23.0°C and 24.6°C (32–33%) was significantly lower than survival at 18.4°C. Aquaculture experiments showed that the mean total number of eggs produced did not significantly differ between brood densities of 8.4 (1,246 ± 1,236 eggs [mean ± SD]) or 16.8 (2,224 ± 1,600 eggs) fish/m3. Studies showed that leatherside chub preferred spawning over natural cobble substrate to spawning over marble substrate. More eggs were recovered from a three-substrate tray treatment (1,350 cm2) than from a single tray treatment (450 cm2). Fry given brine shrimp Artemia spp. with probiotic bacteria or fed with an automated, more continuous drip feeder did not show any advantages in growth over time. Juveniles at rearing densities of 800, 1,700, and 3,400 fish/m3 did not differ significantly in growth rates, deformities, or mortalities. This research provides general guidelines for rearing northern leatherside chub and some additional information on the species’ life history.
Trends in Hospitalization for Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in New York City, 1997–2006: Data from New York State's Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System
Authors: Farr Amanda M. , Aden Brandon , Weiss Don , Nash Denis , Marx Melissa A. 
Published: June 2012

Objective.To describe trends in hospitalizations with community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infection in New York City over 10 years and to explore the demographics and comorbidities of patients hospitalized with CA-MRSA infections.Design.Retrospective analysis of hospital discharges from New York State's Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System database from 1997 to 2006.Patients.All patients greater than 1 year of age admitted to New York hospitals with diagnosis codes indicating MRSA who met the criteria for CA-MRSA on the basis of admission information and comorbidities.Methods.We determined hospitalization rates and compared demographics and comorbidities of patients hospitalized with CA-MRSA versus those hospitalized with all other non-MRSA diagnoses by multivariable logistic regression.Results.Of 18,226 hospitalizations with an MRSA diagnosis over 10 years, 3,579 (20%) were classified as community-associated. The CA-MRSA hospitalization rate increased from 1.47 to 10.65 per 100,000 people overall from 1997 to 2006. Relative to non-MRSA hospitalizations, men, children, Bronx and Manhattan residents, the homeless, patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and persons with diabetes had higher adjusted odds of CA-MRSA hospitalization.Conclusions.The CA-MRSA hospitalization rate appeared to increase between 1997 and 2006 in New York City, with residents of the Bronx and Manhattan, men, and persons with HIV infection or diabetes at increased odds of hospitalization with CA-MRSA. Further studies are needed to explore how changes in MRSA incidence, access to care, and other factors may have impacted these rates.
H1N1 Influenza Vaccine Compliance among Hospital- and Non-Hospital-Based Healthcare Personnel
Authors: Rebmann Terri , Iqbal Ayesha , Anthony John , Knaup Richard C. , Wright Kathleen S. , Peters Eleanor B. 
Published: June 2012

Background.The 2009 pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccine had lower uptake compared to seasonal influenza vaccine, and most studies examining uptake of H1N1 vaccine focused on hospital-based healthcare personnel (HCP). Determinants of H1N1 vaccine uptake among HCP in all work settings need to be identified so that interventions can be developed for use in encouraging uptake of future pandemic or emerging infectious disease vaccines.Objective.To identify factors influencing nonhospital HCP H1N1 influenza vaccine compliance.Design and Setting.An H1N1 influenza vaccine compliance questionnaire was administered to HCP working in myriad healthcare settings in March-June 2011.Methods.Surveys were used to assess H1N1 influenza vaccine compliance and examine factors that predicted H1N1 influenza vaccine uptake.Results.In all, 3,188 HCP completed the survey. Hospital-based HCP had higher compliance than did non-hospital-based personnel (x2 = 142.2, P < .001). In logistic regression stratified by hospital setting versus nonhospital setting, determinants of H1N1 vaccination among non-hospital-based HCP included extent to which H1N1 vaccination was mandated or encouraged, perceived importance of vaccination, access to no-cost vaccine provided on-site, no fear of vaccine side effects, and trust in public health officials when they say that the influenza vaccine is safe. Determinants of hospital-based HCP H1N1 vaccine compliance included having a mandatory vaccination policy, perceived importance of vaccination, no fear of vaccine side effects, free vaccine, perceived seriousness of H1N1 influenza, and trust in public health officials.Conclusions.Non-hospital-based HCP versus hospital-based HCP reasons for H1N1 vaccine uptake differed. Targeted interventions are needed to increase compliance with pandemic-related vaccines.