bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancement of Electro‐Optical Properties through Changes in the Physicochemical Composition of Hybrid Thin Films by Doping Reduced Graphene Oxide into a Sol‐Gel Process Solution
Authors: Young Oh Jin , Choi Bo‐Kyeong , Seo Dae‐Shik 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA hybrid thin film was fabricated by doping graphene oxide into a sol‐gel solution containing a mixture of zirconium, bismuth, and indium oxide. The thin film was fabricated using a brush coating process. The graphene oxide doping ratios used were 0, 5, and 15 wt%. During the thin film fabrication process, the produced sol‐gel solution generates a contractile force due to the shear stress of the brush bristles, resulting in a microgroove structure. This structure was confirmed through scanning electron microscopy analysis, which revealed the clear presence of rGO. Comparing the electrical properties of a zirconium bismuth indium oxide thin film without graphene oxide doping and a thin film doped with 15 wt% graphene oxide, the electro‐optical properties were significantly improved with graphene oxide doping. In general, the threshold voltage decreased by approximately 0.42 V. In addition, bandgap measurements confirmed the improved conductivity characteristics with graphene oxide doping. Since this improvement in electro‐optical properties is associated with the reduction process due to graphene oxide doping, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis was performed to assess the intensity change of each element. Based on these observations, hybrid thin films doped with graphene oxide emerge as promising candidates for next generation thin film.
Unlocking the Potential of Different Types of Biomass‐Derived Carbon Dots as Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Probes
Authors: Rosell María , Torregrosa‐Rivero Verónica , Herrera‐Ochoa Diego , Garzón‐Ruiz Andrés , García‐Martínez Javier , Serrano Elena , Martín Cristina 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ongoing search for innovative and environmentally friendly luminescent materials coupled with customizable physical and chemical properties at the nanoscale positions carbon dots (CDots) as ideal candidates for photonic applications. However, even today, their rational design for specific applications remains elusive due to the unknown relationship between optical and structural properties. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap by linking the chemical structure of the precursor and synthetic conditions to the final structural composition of the CDots and, by extension, to their optical properties. The study shows that while CDots are chemically stable, their optical properties, which are determined by the carbonaceous core and surface groups, are highly pH dependent. These properties, together with the long fluorescence lifetimes observed in living cells (>10 ns), make these biomass‐derived CDots promising probes for time‐resolved fluorescence imaging.
Research on the effects of intestinal FXR agonists and antibiotics on the regulation of red kidney bean polysaccharides in the liver metabolism in mice with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Zhang Yunhui , Qi Caili , Li Xingguo , Geng Mengyuan , Lan Honglin , Wei Yifang , Luo Denglin , Bai Zhouya , Guo Jinying , Han Sihai 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOur previous study revealed that red kidney bean polysaccharides (RKB) exhibit a pronounced hypoglycemic effect on type 2 diabetic rats, while simultaneously exerting a significant ameliorative impact on hepatic damage in these animals. However, the precise mechanism underlying the effects of RKB on diabetes and liver metabolism remains unproven. In this study, we utilized a mouse model of type 2 diabetes induced by a high‐fat diet combined with streptozotocin to investigate the impact of RKB. We administered a combined intervention involving antibiotics, fexaramine, and RKB to elucidate the mechanism underlying RKB's effects. Our findings demonstrated that RKB significantly ameliorated liver function indices and histopathological injuries. Nevertheless, when antibiotics and fexaramine were introduced as interventions, they hindered the beneficial effects of RKB on liver function in type 2 diabetic mice. Furthermore, our nontargeted metabolomics analysis revealed that antibiotics and fexaramine exerted their inhibitory actions on RKB efficacy through modulation of distinct metabolites involved in glycerophospholipid and purine metabolic pathways.
Straightforward Synthesis of 1‐aryloxy‐1,1‐difluoro‐3‐aminopropan‐2‐ols – Accessing Fluorinated Derivatives of Commercialized Beta‐Blockers
Authors: Moritz Jan‐Ole , Liu Shuang , Konieczny Katharina , Michalik Dirk , Kragl Udo , Neumann Helfried , Beller Matthias 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe efficient synthesis of an array of 1‐aryloxy‐1,1‐difluoro‐3‐aminopropan‐2‐ols in a one‐pot epoxidation/nucleophilic ring‐opening via the corresponding iodohydrines is described. This methodology permits the construction of 1,1‐difluorinated derivatives of commercialized beta‐blockers in addition to unprecedented members of this compound class.
Toward a better understanding of self‐regulation promoting interventions: When performance management and job crafting meet
Authors: Demerouti Evangelia , Roth Colin , Ebner Katharina , Soucek Roman , Moser Klaus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganizations utilize self‐regulation promoting interventions to empower employees in managing challenges and resources autonomously. However, there is limited understanding of how these interventions impact employee task performance and innovative behavior, as well as which processes are critical for their effectiveness. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of two self‐regulation promoting interventions—the Productivity Measurement and Enhancement Systems intervention (ProMES), a job crafting intervention, and their combination—on individual employee performance and innovation through selected process variables. We collected data before, during, and after the interventions over 16 weeks among 123 employees across three experimental and one control group. Consistent with predictions, participants of the ProMES intervention reported a higher level of perceived team climate, which consequently contributed to greater individual innovative behavior. Participants in the job crafting intervention exhibited an increase in job crafting behaviors, which consequently increased innovative behavior and task performance. Unexpectedly, the combined intervention yielded negative effects on both innovative behavior and task performance. The findings suggest that while self‐regulation promoting interventions increase favorable outcomes through different mechanisms their combination may impair relevant processes and, more generally, overwhelm employees.
The shale oil boom and the US economy: Spillovers and time‐varying effects
Authors: Bjørnland Hilde C. , Skretting Julia 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWe provide new evidence that the transmission of oil price shocks to the US economy has changed with the shale oil boom. To show this, we develop a time‐varying parameter factor‐augmented vector autoregressive (FAVAR) model with a large data environment of state‐level, industry, and aggregate US data. The model effectively captures potential spillovers between oil and non‐oil industries, as well as variation over time. Specified in this way, we find that investment, income, industrial production, and (non‐oil) employment in most oil‐producing and some manufacturing‐intensive US states increase following an oil‐specific shock—effects that were not present before the shale oil boom.
Safety and feasibility of atrial fibrillation ablation after left atrial appendage closure: A single‐center experience of the left atrial appendage closure first strategy
Authors: Chatani Ryuki , Kubo Shunsuke , Tasaka Hiroshi , Sakata Atsushi , Yoshino Mitsuru , Maruo Takeshi , Kadota Kazushige 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundPatients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who are not suitable for long‐term anticoagulant therapy undergo percutaneous left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). The safety and feasibility of left atrial catheter ablation (CA) procedures after LAAC remain unclear. This study aimed to clarify the feasibility and safety of CA after LAAC, including in the early phase within 180 days.MethodsCharacteristics and clinical outcomes of 46 patients with AF who had undergone both CA and LAAC within 2 years (mean age, 72 years; 29 men) were compared between those who had undergone CA‐first (31 patients) and LAAC‐first (15 patients).ResultsThe mean CHA₂DS₂‐VASc and HAS‐BLED scores were 4.8 and 3.3 points, respectively. The LAAC‐first strategy was often used in patients with prior major bleeding and LAA thrombosis or sludge. In the LAAC‐first group, the mean duration between both procedures was 212 days, and all LAAC‐first patients, including seven patients in the early phase, could undergo CA without LAAC device‐related complications; moreover, no cardiovascular adverse events were reported after both procedures (mean periods: 420 days). After CA post‐LAAC, no device‐related adverse events (device‐related thrombosis, new peri‐device leak appearance, peri‐device leak increase, or device dislodgement) were observed, whereas, after LAAC post‐CA, 3 new peri‐device leak appearance events and 1 peri‐device leak increase event were observed, especially patients who underwent LAAC in the early phase post‐CA.ConclusionBased on single‐center experience, left atrial CA in the presence of an LAAC device implanted including the early phase was safe and feasible.
Asymmetric El Niño–Southern Oscillation and tropical cyclone relationships in the Philippines during October–December
Authors: Lai Tzu‐Ling , Chen Jau‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study demonstrates asymmetric relationships between El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and tropical cyclones (TCs) affecting the Philippines during October–December. In El Niño or La Niña years, the number of TCs impacting the Philippines may increase or decrease. These variations result in four ENSO–TC variability types all of which exhibit strong sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies across the equatorial eastern Pacific. The major difference between the active and inactive types in terms of El Niño or La Niña years is related to the magnitude of SST anomalies in the tropical western Pacific (TWP) over the 120°–150°E region. During El Niño years, moderate cold SST anomalies in this TWP region cause an anomalous divergent centre around the 120°–130°E zone to evoke an anomalous cyclone east of the Philippines. In the western North Pacific (WNP), this anomalous cyclone causes more TCs to form and move toward the Philippines, resulting in active TC activity. For the inactive TC type during El Niño years, very weak cold SST anomalies in the aforementioned TWP region correspond with a northeastward‐extended anomalous divergent centre over the 120°–140°E, 10°S–20°N zone and an anomalous anticyclone across the Philippines and its eastern side. Decreases in the formation of the WNP TC and movement toward the Philippines lead to inactive TC activity. The large‐scale anomalies and regulating processes are mainly opposite between the active TC type during El Niño years and the inactive TC type during La Niña years. These two types are influenced by interdecadal variability of the Pacific decadal oscillation. Opposite anomalies and regulating processes also occur between the inactive TC type during El Niño years and the active TC type during La Niña years. The former type is jointly modulated by the positive Indian Ocean Dipole mode and central‐Pacific El Niño.
Hydrogen bond formation may enhance RDC‐based discrimination of enantiomers
Authors: Sager Emine , Tzvetkova Pavleta , Lingel Andreas , Gossert Alvar D. , Luy Burkhard 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe distinction of enantiomers based on residual anisotropic parameters obtained by alignment in chiral poly‐γ‐benzyl‐L‐glutamate (PBLG) is among the strongest in high‐resolution NMR spectroscopy. However, large variations in enantiodifferentiation among different solutes are frequently observed. One hypothesis is that the formation of hydrogen bonds between solute and PBLG is important for the distinction of enantiomers. With a small set of three almost spherical enantiomeric pairs, for which 1DCH residual dipolar couplings are measured, we address this issue in a systematic way: borneol contains a single functional group that can act as a hydrogen bond donor, camphor has a single group that may act as a hydrogen bond acceptor, and quinuclidinol can act as both hydrogen bond donor and acceptor. The results are unambiguous: although camphor shows low enantiodifferentiation with PBLG and alignment that can be predicted well by the purely steric TRAMITE approach, the distinction of enantiomers for the other enantiomeric pairs is significantly higher with alignment properties that must involve a specific interaction in addition to steric alignment.
Rapid determination of four flavonoids from hawthorn leaves in plasma by ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry and study on its pharmacokinetics
Authors: Xu Baoxin , Zhou Weiwei , Li Yanrong , Zhao Shengnan , Du Yilong , Hong Xia , Pan Haifeng , Wang Chenfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, a rapid and sensitive ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method was established for the simultaneous determination of four Vitexin‐4“‐O‐glucoside (VOG), Vitexin‐2”‐O‐rhamnoside (VOR), vitexin (VIT), and hyperoside (HP) in plasma, which are representative flavonoids constituents of hawthorn leaves. The four components were separated by CORTECS UPLC C18 column (100 × 3.0 mm, 1.6 µm), using acetonitrile‐water containing 0.02% formic acid and 2 mmol/L ammonium formate as the mobile phase, the gradient elution flow rate was 0.30 mL/min. The analyte was quantified using an electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The analytes and baicalin internal standard were performed at m/z 593.2/413.2 for VOG, m/z 577.2/413.1 for VOR, m/z 431.1/310.9 for VIT, m/z 463.2/300 for HP and m/z 445.1/269 for internal standard. Among the four flavonoids, the correlation coefficient of the standard curve of each component is between 0.9939 and 0.9987. After oral administration of hawthorn leaf extract, VOG and VOR showed similar pharmacokinetic characteristics; VIT was eliminated in the body more slowly than the other three flavonoids and distributed more in the tissues; HP can be quickly absorbed in the blood. The developed analytical method has high sensitivity, precision, and accuracy with no interference from plasma components and has been successfully used in pharmacokinetic studies.
Finite Elements with Switch Detection for direct optimal control of nonsmooth systems
Authors: Nurkanović Armin , Sperl Mario , Albrecht Sebastian , Diehl Moritz 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper introduces Finite Elements with Switch Detection (FESD), a numerical discretization method for nonsmooth differential equations. We consider the Filippov convexification of these systems and a transformation into dynamic complementarity systems introduced by Stewart (Numer Math 58(1):299–328, 1990). FESD is based on solving nonlinear complementarity problems and can automatically detect nonsmooth events in time. If standard time-stepping Runge–Kutta (RK) methods are naively applied to a nonsmooth ODE, the accuracy is at best of order one. In FESD, we let the integrator step size be a degree of freedom. Additional complementarity conditions, which we callcross complementarities, enableexactswitch detection, hence FESD can recover the high order accuracy that the RK methods enjoy for smooth ODE. Additional conditions calledstep equilibrationallow the step size to change only when switches occur and thus avoid spurious degrees of freedom. Convergence results for the FESD method are derived, local uniqueness of the solution and convergence of numerical sensitivities are proven. The efficacy of FESD is demonstrated in several simulation and optimal control examples. In an optimal control problem benchmark with FESD, we achieve up to five orders of magnitude more accurate solutions than a standard time-stepping approach for the same computational time.
Solving partial differential equations using large-data models: a literature review
Authors: Hafiz Abdul Mueed , Faiq Irfan , Hassaballah M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMathematics lies at the heart of engineering science and is very important for capturing and modeling of diverse processes. These processes may be naturally-occurring or man-made. One important engineering problem in this regard is the modeling of advanced mathematical problems and their analysis. Partial differential equations (PDEs) are important and useful tools to this end. However, solving complex PDEs for advanced problems requires extensive computational resources and complex techniques. Neural networks provide a way to solve complex PDEs reliably. In this regard, large-data models are new generation of techniques, which have large dependency capturing capabilities. Hence, they can richly model and accurately solve such complex PDEs. Some common large-data models include Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and their derivatives, transformers, etc. In this literature survey, the mathematical background is introduced. A gentle introduction to the area of solving PDEs using large-data models is given. Various state-of-the-art large-data models for solving PDEs are discussed. Also, the major issues and future scope of the area are identified. Through this literature survey, it is hoped that readers will gain an insight into the area of solving PDEs using large-data models and pursue future research in this interesting area.
Chitinases: expanding the boundaries of knowledge beyond routinized chitin degradation.
Authors: Unuofin John Onolame , Odeniyi Olubusola Ayoola , Majengbasan Omolara Sola , Igwaran Aboi , Moloantoa Karabelo MacMillan , Khetsha Zenzile Peter , Iwarere Samuel Ayodele , Daramola Michael Olawale 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChitinases, enzymes that degrade chitin, have long been studied for their role in various biological processes. They play crucial roles in the moulting process of invertebrates, the digestion of chitinous food, and defense against chitin-bearing pathogens. Additionally, chitinases are involved in physiological functions in crustaceans, such as chitinous food digestion, moulting, and stress response. Moreover, chitinases are universally distributed in organisms from viruses to mammals and have diverse functions including tissue degradation and remodeling, nutrition uptake, pathogen invasion, and immune response regulation. The discovery of these diverse functions expands our understanding of the biological significance and potential applications of chitinases. However, recent research has shown that chitinases possess several other functions beyond just chitin degradation. Their potential as biopesticides, therapeutic agents, and tools for bioremediation underscores their significance in addressing global challenges. More importantly, we noted that they may be applied as bioweapons if ethical regulations regarding production, engineering and application are overlooked.
Is Kyle’s equilibrium model stable?
Authors: Çetin Umut , Larsen Kasper 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the dynamic discrete-time trading setting of Kyle (Econometrica 53:1315–1336, 1985), we prove that Kyle’s equilibrium model is stable when there are one or two trading times. For three or more trading times, we prove that Kyle’s equilibrium is not stable. These theoretical results are proven to hold irrespectively of all Kyle’s input parameters.
Approximating optimal solutions to biconvex parametric programs
Authors: Pangia Andrew C. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Convex programming has been a research topic for a long time, both theoretically and algorithmically. Frequently, these programs lack complete data or contain rapidly shifting data. In response, we consider solving parametric programs, which allow for fast evaluation of the optimal solutions once the data is known. It has been established that, when the objective and constraint functions are convex in both variables and parameters, the optimal solutions can be estimated via linear interpolation. Many applications of parametric optimization violate the necessary convexity assumption. However, the linear interpolation is still useful; as such, we extend this interpolation to more general parametric programs in which the objective and constraint functions are biconvex. The resulting algorithm can be applied to scalarized multiobjective problems, which are inherently parametric, or be used in a gradient dual ascent method. We also provide two termination conditions and perform a numerical study on synthetic parametric biconvex optimization problems to compare their effectiveness.
Learning analytics and the future of postgraduate medical training
Authors: Shorten George 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConfronted by the many barriers and deficiencies which currently face those responsible for the training of doctors, the concept of a logic model applied in real time may seem aspirational. However, several of the necessary of logic-based practices are already in place — these include quantified training effect and performance, learning analytics, and applied reflective practice. A nationally or internationally co-ordinated effort is required to harness these disciplines (which currently exist disparately) to create a sustainable and effective training system which is adaptive to its own performance and to society’s changing needs. This will mean making better use of the data currently being generated by and around training, and its presentation in a timely and comprehensible form to the person(s) who is responsible, prepared, and able to use it to best effect.
Molecular characterization, clinical value, and cancer–immune interactions of genes related to disulfidptosis and ferroptosis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Xianqiang , Li Dingchang , Gao Wenxing , Chen Peng , Liu Hao , Zhao Yingjie , Zhao Wen , Dong Guanglong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
This research strived to construct a new signature utilizing disulfidptosis-related ferroptosis (SRF) genes to anticipate response to immunotherapy, prognosis, and drug sensitivity in individuals with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods
The data for RNA sequencing as well as corresponding clinical information of individuals with CRC, were extracted from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. SRF were constructed with the help of the random forest (RF), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and stepwise regression algorithms. To validate the SRF model, we applied it to an external cohort, GSE38832. Prognosis, immunotherapy response, drug sensitivity, molecular functions of genes, and somatic mutations of genes were compared across the high- and low-risk groups (categories). Following this, all statistical analyses were conducted with the aid of the R (version 4.23) software and various packages of the Cytoscape (version 3.8.0) tool.

Results
SRF was developed based on five genes (ATG7, USP7, MMD, PLIN4, and THDC2). Both univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses established SRF as an independent, prognosis-related risk factor. Individuals from the high-risk category had a more unfavorable prognosis, elevated tumor mutational burden (TMB), and significant immunosuppressive status. Hence, they might have better outcomes post-immunotherapy and might benefit from the administration of pazopanib, lapatinib, and sunitinib.

Conclusion
In conclusion, SRF can act as a new biomarker for prognosis assessment. Moreover, it is also a good predictor of drug sensitivity and immunotherapy response in CRC but should undergo optimization before implementation in clinical settings.