bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of medium-tension bandage and stump stocking on residual limb maturation in earthquake survivors
Authors: Ata Ayşe Merve , Borman Pınar , Bilir Emine Esra , Alemdaroğlu Ebru , Tezen Özge , Söyler Osman , Yaşar Evren 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Residual limb maturation is a crucial stage in postamputation care.

Objective:
It was aimed to examine the effect of medium tension bandages and stump stockings on postamputation stump maturation in patients who underwent lower extremity amputations.

Study Design:
In this prospective observational study, patients who were earthquake survivors and had undergone emergency amputation of their lower extremities were included.

Methods:
Medium-tension elastic bandage or personalized stump stockings were used for stump maturation. Residual limb volume was measured once a week for 3 weeks.

Results:
The study included 23 patients and 29 amputated limbs. Because of the larger stump volume of transfemoral amputations and the higher number of these patients in the stocking group (p < 0.001), the stump volume differed across groups before and during the follow-up (p < 0.001). There was no difference in mean volumetric measurement between the bandage and stocking groups over time (p = 0.272). Although the group interaction was significant (p < 0.001), the group × time interaction was not (p = 0.306).

Conclusion:
Medium-tension bandages and stump stockings had a similar effect on postamputation stump maturation in patients with lower extremity amputations. So, depending on the patient's and physician's preferences, both procedures can be used for stump maturation.
Assessment of Hematopoietic Response to Total Body Irradiation in a Rat Experimental Model
Authors: Cyran Małgorzata , Stawarz Katarzyna , Chambily Lucile , Kusza Krzysztof , Siemionow Maria 
Published: May 2024

Background
Exposure to high doses of total body irradiation (TBI) may lead to the development of acute radiation syndrome (ARS). This study was conducted to establish an experimental rat model of TBI to assess the impact of different doses of TBI on survival and the kinetics of changes within the hematopoietic system in ARS.

Materials and Methods
In this study, 132 Lewis rats irradiated with a 5Gy or 7Gy dose served as experimental models to induce ARS and to evaluate the hematopoietic response of the bone marrow (BM) compartment. Animals were divided into 22 experimental groups (n = 6/group): groups 1–11 irradiated with 5Gy dose and groups 12–22 irradiated with 7Gy dose. The effects of TBI on the hematopoietic response were assessed at 2, 4, 6, 8 hours and 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60 and 90 days following TBI. Signs of ARS were evaluated by analyzing blood samples through complete blood count in addition to the clinical assessment.

Results
Groups irradiated with 5Gy TBI showed 100% survival, whereas after 7Gy dose, 1.6% mortality rate was observed. Assessment of the complete blood count revealed that lymphocytes were the first to be affected, regardless of the dose used, whereas an “abortive rise” of granulocytes was noted for both TBI doses. None of the animals exhibited signs of severe anemia or thrombocytopenia. All animals irradiated with 5Gy dose regained initial values for all blood cell subpopulations by the end of observation period. Body weight loss was reported to be dose-dependent and was more pronounced in the 7Gy groups. However, at the study end point at 90 days, all animals regained or exceeded the initial weight values.

Conclusions
We have successfully established a rat experimental model of TBI. This study revealed a comparable hematopoietic response to the sublethal or potentially lethal doses of ionizing radiation. The experimental rat model of TBI may be used to assess different therapeutic approaches including BM-based cell therapies for long-term reconstitution of the hematopoietic and BM compartments allowing for comprehensive analysis of both the hematological and clinical symptoms associated with ARS.
Myoclonus: an update
Authors: Thomas Betsy , Frucht Steven J. 
Published: May 2024

Purpose of review
Myoclonus, a common hyperkinetic movement disorder, can be disabling for patients. It is important to identify and classify myoclonus correctly to ensure appropriate workup and treatment. While the clinical history, examination, and process of classifying myoclonus remain largely unchanged, new causes and triggers for myoclonus are being elucidated, and new genetic causes have been found. Treatment can be challenging, though preliminary data about new options has been promising.

Recent findings
In this article, we will briefly outline the process of classifying and treating myoclonus. We will then discuss three specific scenarios where myoclonus has been identified: myoclonus associated with SARS-CoV-2 infections, spinal myoclonus following surgery or anesthesia of the spine, and auricular myoclonus. We will also discuss new genetic findings associated with myoclonus-dystonia, and promising results regarding the use of perampanel in treating myoclonus.

Summary
The process of describing unique scenarios associated with myoclonus has helped us build our understanding of the causes, genetic background, expected prognosis, and effective treatment of specific types of myoclonus. We hope that further studies on this topic will help tailor treatment.
ERK5 Signaling is Required for Type III IFN-mediated Mucosal Antiviral Responses
Authors: Bone Hannah , Natour Dalia S. , McFadden Matthew I. , Karp Andrew , Basu Anandita , Keller Andrea , Denz Parker , Collins Patrick L. , Mihaylova Maria M. , Yount Jacob S. , Forero Adriana 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTType III interferons (IFNλ) are innate immune cytokines that limit viral replication and coordinate tissue repair through the induction of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). This response must be tightly regulated to avoid excessive responses that result in the disruption of tissue barrier integrity or inefficient responses that allow for pathogen escape. Here we examine the contribution of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling on IFNλ-mediated antiviral activity. We find that extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), a poorly characterized member of the conventional MAPK family, potentiates the antiviral efficacy of IFNλ. Chemical inhibition and genetic targeting of ERK5 during IFNλ treatment of cells results in a decrease in ISG induction and impaired control of viral infections. This decrease in IFNλ antiviral efficacy in the absence of ERK5 kinase activity corresponded to lowered STAT1 phosphorylation, revealing a noncanonical role for ERK5 in STAT1 activation downstream of IFNλ. In contrast, type I IFN antiviral signaling is largely resistant to ERK5 modulation. Altogether, we identify ERK5 as a potentiator of STAT1 activation, ISG expression, and antiviral activity following type III IFN stimulation.SIGNIFICANCERegulation of type III interferons (IFNλ) at mucosal barriers in response infection to mitigate viral replication and support barrier integrity. The specific mechanistic requirements for MAPK signaling to sustain IFNλ-mediated gene expression have remained elusive. Amongt the least characterized members of the MAPK family, the role of ERK5 in regulating host inflammatory responses has been hampered by off-target effects of kinase inhibitors. Here, we combine pharmacological and genetic approaches to specifically demonstrate that ERK5 promotes antiviral immunity in epithelial cells. Mechanistically, ERK5 enhances the activation of STAT1 in response to IFN stimulation to augment the transcription of IFN-stimulated genes. Our work demonstrates that therapeutic modulation of MAPK and IFN signaling pathway co-integration could distinguish between the protective and deleterious outcomes of IFN expression.One-sentence summaryERK5 potentiates IFN lambda responses.
National-scale acoustic monitoring of avian biodiversity and migration
Authors: Bick I. Avery , Bakkestuen Vegar , Cretois Benjamin , Hillier Ben , Kålås John A. , Pedersen Marius , Raja Kiran , Rosten Carolyn M. , Somveille Marius , Stokke Bård G. , Wiel Julia , Sethi Sarab S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBillions of birds migrate annually, triggered by endogenous behaviors as well as ecoclimatic triggers, which are shifting with climate change. These dynamics play out over large spatiotemporal scales, making monitoring of phenology challenging with traditional biodiversity survey approaches. In this study, over a complete spring season, we collected 37,429 hours of audio from 28 networked sensors in forests across Norway. We used machine learning to automatically identify bird vocalizations, and with expert validation found we were able to classify 57 species (14 full migrants) with over 80% precision. We show that acoustic surveys can fill data gaps in traditional surveys and facilitate mapping of migratory waves across Norwegian forests. Our study demonstrates how acoustic monitoring can complement existing national-scale biodiversity datasets, delivering high quality data which can support the design and implementation of effective policy and conservation measures.
Grifola frondosa polysaccharide Ameliorates Inflammation and Insulin Resistance by Regulating Macrophage Polarization of liver in Type 2 diabetes mellitus Rats
Authors: Zou Pei , Li Xueyan , Wang Liping , She Ying , Xiao Chenyang , Peng Yang , Qian Xu , Luo Peng , Wei Shaofeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease characterized by a lack of insulin secretion, insulin resistance (IR), and hyperglycemia. Given its high prevalence and multifarious complications, diabetes is globally ranked as the third leading cause of mortality. It is critical to discover efficient medication substitutes in order to lessen the drawbacks and adverse effects of traditional diabetes medication therapy. Previous studies have shown that Grifola frondosa polysaccharide (GFP) have the positive effects in regulating blood glucose and insulin resistance, but the understanding of its regulatory mechanism is still limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of GFP on liver inflammation induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with streptozotocin (STZ) in type 2 diabetic rats and to explore its possible mechanisms. The results showed that GFP intervention reduced weight loss and hyperglycemia symptoms, as well as lowered FINS, HOMA-IR, IPGTT-AUC, and IPITT-AUC to different degrees in T2DM rats. At the same time, after GFP intervention, the secretion level of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, MCP-1) was down-regulated and the secretion level of anti-inflammatory factor (IL-10) was up-regulated in the liver tissue of T2DM rats. Furthermore, GFP reduced macrophage infiltration in liver tissue, inhibited macrophage M1-type polarization, and promoted M2-type polarization. These results suggest that GFP intervention could attenuate the hepatic inflammatory response in T2DM rats; possible mechanisms for this effect include hepatic macrophage infiltration and M1/M2 polarization.Summary statementThis study revealed the improvement effect of GFP on hepatic inflammation and insulin resistance in T2DM rats and to explore the possible key roles of hepatic macrophages and their potential mechanisms.
Prediction of etiology and prognosis based on hematoma location of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Liang Jingjing , Tan Weixiong , Xie Shijia , Zheng Lijuan , Li Chuyan , Yi Zhong , Li Jianrui , Zhou Changsheng , Zhiqiang Zhang , Zhou Zhen , Gong Ping , Chen Xingzhi , Zhang Longjiang , Chen Xiaoqing , Zhang Qirui , Lu Guangming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe characteristics of the hemorrhagic location of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) is pivotal for both identifying its etiology and prognosis. While empirical conclusions have been obtained in clinical practice, a comprehensive and quantitative modeling approach has yet to be thoroughly explored.MethodsWe employed lesion-symptom mapping to extract the location features of sICH. We registered patients’ non-contrast computed tomography image and hematoma masks with standard human brain templates to identify specific affected brain regions. Then, we generated hemorrhage probabilistic maps of different etiologies and prognoses. By integrating radiomics and clinical features into multiple logistic regression models, we developed and validated optimal etiological and prognostic models across three centers, comprising 1162 sICH patients.ResultsHematomas of different etiology have unique spatial distributions. Location features robustly categorized the etiology sICH (mean area under the curve (AUC) = 0.825) across different datasets), yielding clear add on value in models (fusion model mean AUC = 0.915) compared to clinical features (mean AUC = 0.828). In the prognostic analysis, patients with more extensive hematoma had a worse prognosis, the location (mean AUC = 0.762) and radiomic features (mean AUC = 0.837) also providing reliable add on value effects (fusion model mean AUC = 0.873) compared to clinical features alone (mean AUC = 0.771).InterpretationOur results show that location features were more intrinsically robust, generalizable relative, strong interpretability to the complex modeling of radiomics, our approach demonstrated a novel interpretable, streamlined, comprehensive etiologic classification and prognostic prediction framework for sICH.
Screening for common mental disorders in caregivers of children with severe acute malnutrition in a nutritional rehabilitation centre using the WHO Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20
Authors: Mathur Radhika , Kamble Nisha , Pathan Saba , Lakhan Tejal , Shah Ayushi , Prabhu Sanjay , Bodhanwala Minnie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA high number of caregivers of children admitted for inpatient treatment of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) at the Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre (NRC), experience psychological distress. It is essential for the caregiver, generally the mother, to feed, hold, comfort, and play with her child as much as possible to promote opportunities for early learning and faster recovery from SAM. Hence, identification of mental health issues among the caregivers is imperative. Using WHO Self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ) 20 score to screen for common mental disorders (CMD) of caregivers of children admitted with SAM. The primary caregiver was interviewed using WHO SRQ-20 scoring. Based on the questions answered YES, the total score was given. A total score of > 8 was considered as a positive screen. These positive-screened caregivers were forwarded to a psychologist. We also compared the CMD prevalence between caregivers of children with primary SAM versus those with secondary SAM. There were a total of 29.1% (n=60) of the caregivers who were screened positive for CMD. The category of CMD most prevalent on screening was somatic issues, followed by depression, anxiety, and cognitive symptoms. Caregivers of children with pre-existing co-morbidity were higher in number than those without one on a positive screen. Maternal mental health is widely neglected, especially in an NRC setting across the country. For mothers of children with severe wasting, underlying mental stressors are significant contributors to the child’s malnourished state. Through this study, we hope to incorporate maternal mental health screening in NRCs for better management of these cases.
Exploring Gender Bias in Cardiovascular Medical Education Through Clinical Simulation
Authors: Amghaiab Idris F. Ali , Venkatesan Archana , Tews Matthew C. , Kleinheksel A.J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile it has been proven that women suffer disproportionately from cardiovascular disease-related deaths, the origins of this differential gender-based outcome remain unidentified. One possible cause is gender bias and associated discrepancies in how physicians assess the need for interventions in male versus female patients. This study aimed to identify early gender biases in cardiovascular care by assessing medical students’ management of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm case presentation in male and female simulated patients. Clerkship students (n = 187) were randomly assigned to either a male or female patient with identical case presentations, simulated using high-fidelity mannequins. Minutes passed until point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) usage served as a surrogate for diagnostic reasoning, while minutes passed until surgery consultation call served as a surrogate for successful intervention.Two-way ANCOVA of time to surgery call and POCUS use showed no significant interaction between student and patient gender (p=0.819). Likewise, neither patient gender (p=0.210) nor student gender (p=0.653) had an impact on ultimate correct diagnosis. However, there appeared to be an association (p=0.010) between patient and student gender in the factorial ANOVA of POCUS use, F(1,183) = 6.862 effect size 0.36. While slight in-group bias was identified within the context of imaging, students predominantly called for the correct intervention regardless of their own or their patient’s gender. It is thus unlikely that medical students develop gender biases serious enough to impact clinical outcomes during clerkship-instead, these heuristics may be formed later in training.
Race and Ethnic Disparities in Catheter Ablation Utilization for Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-analysis and Framework for Implementation Research
Authors: Nosair Waseem , Smith Jamal , Dolman Sarahfaye , Kolm Paul , Lee Sung , Tsimploulis Apostolos , Thomaides Athanasios , Strouse David , Weintraub William S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundRace/ethnic disparities in catheter ablation utilization for atrial fibrillation (AF) have been reported in the literature, however the data have not been systematically reviewed.ObjectivesTo perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting on disparities in the utilization of catheter ablation (CA) and to explore possible root causes of disparities using a behavioral model of health service utilization.MethodsWe searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science and Embase for studies reporting on race/ethnic disparities in the utilization of CA for AF in the United States. A meta-analysis was performed on a subset of included articles using a random-effects model. Publication bias was assessed for race/ethnic groups pooled from 10 or more studies. We adapted a behavioral model of health service utilization to identify root causes of disparities.ResultsOur search identified 20 studies published between 2011 and 2023, representing 47,700,642 patients with AF of whom over 561,490 underwent CA. Compared to non-Hispanic White patients, racial minorities had a lower odds of utilization of catheter ablation: 0.68 (95%CI 0.58 – 0.77) for non-Hispanic black (NHB) patients, 0.72 (95%CI 0.65 – 0.79) for Hispanic/LatinX (HLx) patients, and 0.62 (95%CI 0.45 – 0.78) for Asian patients. Other race groups were excluded due to insufficient data. There was a moderate to high degree of between-study heterogeneity for each race/ethnicity group: HLx (I2= 58.2%), Asian (I2= 80.9%), and NHB (I2= 90.4%). Only NHB patients had sufficient data to generate a funnel plot which showed evidence of publication bias.ConclusionsThe high between-study heterogeneity reveals varying degrees of disparities across studies and settings. Further research adjusting for patient-provider preferences and factors, echocardiographic data and social determinants of health is needed to clarify root causes of disparities and to promote equitable adoption of this important therapy in AF care.
AtVPS13M1 is involved in lipid remodeling in low phosphate and is located at the mitochondria surface in plants
Authors: Leterme Sébastien , Albrieux Catherine , Brugière Sabine , Couté Yohann , Dellinger Julien , Gillet Benjamin , Hughes Sandrine , Castet Julie , Bernard Amélie , Scheuring David , Schilling Marion , Jouhet Juliette , Michaud Morgane 
Published: May 2024

AbstractVPS13 are conserved lipid transporters with multiple subcellular localizations playing key roles in many fundamental cellular processes. While the localization and function of VPS13 have been extensively investigated in yeast and animals, little is known about their counterparts in plants, particularly regarding their role in stress response. In this study, we characterized AtVPS13M1, one of the four VPS13 paralogs of the flowering plantArabidopsis thaliana. We show that AtVPS13M1 binds and transports glycerolipids with a low specificityin vitro. AtVPS13M1 interferes with phospholipids degradation in response to phosphate starvation, a nutrient stress that triggers a massive remodeling of membrane lipids. AtVPS13M1 is mainly expressed in young dividing and vascular tissues. Finally, we show that AtVPS13M1 is mainly located at the surface of mitochondria in leaves. Overall, our work highlights the conserved role in lipid transport of VPS13 in plants, reveals their importance in nutrient stress response and opens important perspectives for the understanding of lipid remodeling mechanisms and for the characterization of this protein family in plants.
A novel mouse home cage lickometer system reveals sex- and housing-based influences on alcohol drinking
Authors: Petersen Nicholas , Adank Danielle N. , Quan Yizhen , Edwards Caitlyn M. , Taylor Anne , Winder Danny G. , Doyle Marie A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant global health issue. Despite historically higher rates among men, AUD prevalence and negative alcohol-related outcomes in women are rising. Loneliness in humans has been associated with increased alcohol use, and traditional rodent drinking models involve single housing, presenting challenges for studying social enrichment. We developed LIQ PARTI (Lick Instance Quantifier with Poly-Animal RFID Tracking Integration), an open-source tool to examine home cage continuous access two-bottle choice drinking behavior in a group-housed setting, investigating the influence of sex and social isolation on ethanol consumption and bout microstructure in C57Bl/6J mice. LIQ PARTI, based on our previously developed single-housed LIQ HD system, accurately tracks drinking behavior using capacitive-based sensors and RFID technology. Group-housed female mice exhibited higher ethanol preference than males, while males displayed a unique undulating pattern of ethanol preference linked to cage changes, suggesting a potential stress-related response. Chronic ethanol intake distinctly altered bout microstructure between male and female mice, highlighting sex and social environmental influences on drinking behavior. Social isolation with the LIQ HD system amplified fluid intake and ethanol preference in both sexes, accompanied by sex- and fluid-dependent changes in bout microstructure. However, these efects largely reversed upon resocialization, indicating the plasticity of these behaviors in response to social context. Utilizing a novel group-housed home cage lickometer device, our findings illustrate the critical interplay of sex and housing conditions in voluntary alcohol drinking behaviors in C57Bl/6J mice, facilitating nuanced insights into the potential contributions to AUD etiology.Significance StatementLoneliness has been associated with increased alcohol use, and traditional rodent drinking models involve single housing, presenting challenges for studying social enrichment. Here we developed LIQ PARTI (Lick Instance Quantifier with Poly-Animal RFID Tracking Integration), an open-source group-housed lickometer system to investigate how social housing, isolation, and sex influence alcohol consumption patterns in C57Bl/6J mice. LIQ PARTI accurately identifies mouse drinking events and uncovered significant housing- and fluid-dependent diferences in ethanol consumption and bout microstructure between male and female mice. Social isolation-induced changes to ethanol drinking behavior and microstructure were highly plastic, as resocialization generally reversed these changes. These findings expand on the complex interplay between sex, social isolation, and alcohol use.