bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental determination of the laws of color harmony. Part 4: Color preference and the color harmony content
Authors: Nemcsics Antal 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn 1956, we decided at the Budapest University of Technology and Economics to start a large‐scale experiment on color harmony. The experiments and the processing of the experimental results have been completed in 2006. These experiments, described in this article, form a study of how much are people, participating in the experiment, influenced by their own personal color preference in judging the harmony content of a composition. These experiments have utilized the results of former (1958–1969) color preference experiments and the system of color preference indexes, which were developed by the generalization of those results. Within the framework of these experiments, conducted between 1998 and 2006 there were 24 compositions, shown to the participants, at first one by one, then in pairs and at last in groups of six. They had to assess the harmony content of the compositions and award a score on a scale between 0 and 10. Each composition possessed a specific amount of harmony content according to the rules of color space, based on the Coloroid harmony threshold and verified by former experiments. In these experiments the number of elementary observations were 135 568. The people participating in the experiment were approximately equal number of men and women, from the age group between 10 and 70 years. During processing, by using the color preference numerical indexing system, we compared the results of those experiments with the color preference of a similar age group, by using color compositions, identical to the ones used in the present experiment. We have found that the sensation of the color harmony and its intensity have a strong relation to how the observers relate to colors and also their color preferences. The sensation of color harmony is also influenced by the gender and the age of the observer. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 34, 210–224, 2009
Synergism of Activated Carbon and Undoped and Nitrogen‐doped TiO2 in the Photocatalytic Degradation of the Chemical Warfare Agents Soman, VX, and Yperite
Authors: Cojocaru Bogdan , Neaţu Ştefan , Pârvulescu Vasile I. , Şomoghi Vasile , Petrea Nicoleta , Epure Gabriel , Alvaro Mercedes , Garcia Hermenegildo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe degradation of chemical warfare agents is investigated. Active carbon, in minor quantities (5–25 wt %), renders nitrogen‐doped titania active towards the degradation of several such compounds. This cooperative effect is attributed to the preferential generation of reactive oxygen species on the photocatalyst and preferential adsorption of the chemical warfare agent onto carbon.magnified imageEfficient photocatalytic decomposition of chemical warfare agents is a process that may find application in emergency situations or for the controlled destruction of chemical warfare stockpiles. A series of heterogeneous photocatalysts comprising TiO2–activated carbon or N‐TiO2–activated carbon composites exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity to effect the complete decomposition of yperite, soman, and VX in high concentrations. The remarkable photocatalytic activity arises from the synergism between adsorption on active carbon and photoactivity by titania. Nitridation makes the composite also active under visible‐light irradiation.
Anorexia nervosa and pregnancy: Having a baby when you are dying to be thin—Case report and proposed treatment guidelines
Authors: Mazer‐Poline Carrie , Fornari Victor 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:Pregnant women with anorexia nervosa (AN) are at risk for multiple complications to both the woman and fetus. This report examines when to obtain a psychiatric evaluation or admission to an inpatient psychiatric unit to ensure the safety of both the woman and fetus.Method:A case report of a pregnant woman with AN describes the risks of extreme weight loss during pregnancy and the deleterious effects on the fetus's viability and mother's health.Results:Psychiatric intervention was not requested until late in gestation, when the patient's mental status and low weight had already deteriorated to a point of high risk to both the mother and fetus.Discussion:We propose the development of treatment guidelines for the pregnant patient with AN to ensure the delivery of optimal care for both the mother and the fetus. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
A cross‐cultural comparison of the eating disorder inventory
Authors: Podar Iris , Allik Jüri 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:A systematic analysis of data collected with the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) was made.Method:A literature search identified 94 sources in which the mean values of the EDI or EDI‐2 subscales were reported, comprising 310 samples differing by sex, age, diagnosis, language, ethnicity, or some other relevant attribute. The total number of respondents was 43,722, from 25 different countries, having used the EDI in one of the 16 languages (1–94).Results:The factorial structure of the aggregate means of the EDI subscales, for both clinical versus nonclinical and Western versus non‐Western samples, was almost identical suggesting generalizability across languages and cultures. Non‐Western participants scored higher than Western participants on virtually all EDI subscales, both in normal and eating‐disordered samples. It was shown that age is a risk factor when someone is already diagnosed with an eating disorder but, in the general population, increasing age reduces the likelihood of being afflicted by eating disorders.Discussion:Symptoms of eating disorders are more pronounced in non‐Western than in Western samples. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
An integrative quantitative model of factors influencing the course of anorexia nervosa over time
Authors: Yackobovitch‐Gavan Michal , Golan Moria , Valevski Avi , Kreitler Shulamit , Bachar Eytan , Lieblich Amia , Mitrani Edith , Weizman Abraham , Stein Daniel 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:To identify factors influencing the course of anorexia nervosa (AN) over time.Method:Former female patients with AN (36 remitted and 24 nonremitted) and 31 healthy females responded to standardized interviews and self‐rating questionnaires. Remitted patients maintained normal eating, normal weight, and regular menses for the past 12 months. Patients not fulfilling these criteria were considered nonremitted.Results:Using logistic regression, we identified that number of hospitalizations, duration of ambulatory treatment, past vegetarianism, past anxiety, and childhood sexual abuse differentiated remitted from nonremitted patients, predicting nonremission. A similar analysis identified that elevated follow‐up vegetarianism and eating‐related concerns and lower body mass index (BMI) differentiated remitted from nonremitted patients, contributing to nonremission. Univariate analyses identified that remitted patients had elevated anxiety and eating‐related obsessionality compared with the controls, suggesting these variables to potentially predispose to AN.Discussion:Elevated anxiety and eating‐related obsessionality may increase the risk for the development of AN and for nonremission. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
An assessment of daily food intake in participants with anorexia nervosa in the natural environment
Authors: Burd Carlye , Mitchell James E. , Crosby Ross D. , Engel Scott G. , Wonderlich Stephen A. , Lystad Chad , Le Grange Daniel , Peterson Carol B. , Crow Scott 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:To examine the caloric intake in women with anorexia nervosa (AN) and how it varies by day as a function of the presence or absence of binge eating and/or purging behaviors.Method:Female participants with AN (n = 84, mean age = 24.4, range 18–51) were recruited from three different sites. Data on food intake were obtained through the use of 24‐h dietary recall using the Nutritional Data Systems for Research, and data on binge eating and purging behaviors were collected on palmtop computers using an ecological momentary assessment paradigm. Daily macronutrient intake was compared on days during which binge eating and/or purging behaviors did or did not occur.Results:On days during which binge eating and purging behaviors both occurred, participants reported significantly greater kilocalorie intake when compared with days when neither behavior occurred, or when only binge eating or purging occurred. Binge eating episodes were only modest in size on days when purging did not occur. Energy intake overall was higher than expected.Discussion:Intake on days where binge eating occurred varied dramatically based on whether or not purging occurred. Whether markedly increased binge eating intake was causally related to purging is unclear. Nonetheless eating episodes were at times quite large and equivalent to those reported by participants with bulimia nervosa in other research. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
Emotion regulation and binge eating in children
Authors: Czaja Julia , Rief Winfried , Hilbert Anja 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:To examine the ability to regulate emotions in children with binge eating.Method:A community sample of 60 children ages 8–13 with at least one episode of loss of control (LOC) eating during the past 3 months and a matched control group without LOC (n = 60) underwent a clinical interview (Eating Disorder Examination adapted for Children) and completed self‐report questionnaires assessing emotion regulation strategies, eating pathology, and depressive symptoms.Results:Children with LOC eating made a significantly higher use of dysfunctional emotion regulation strategies (p < .01), especially for the regulation of anxiety (p < .01). Maladaptive strategies were associated with greater depressiveness (p < .001). Use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies did not differ between children with and without LOC eating.Discussion:Results document an association between LOC eating and difficulties in regulating negative emotions in children. Interventions targeting LOC eating in children should include training for coping with negative emotions. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2009
Effect on bone health of estrogen preparations in premenopausal women with anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and meta‐analyses
Authors: Sim Leslie A. , McGovern Lauren , Elamin Mohamed B. , Swiglo Brian A. , Erwin Patricia J. , Montori Victor M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:Because estrogen therapies are widely prescribed for amenorrhea associated with anorexia nervosa (AN), we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analyses to estimate the influence of estrogen preparations (EP) on bone mineral density in women with AN.Method:Prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the effect of EP use to no treatment or placebo on bone mineral density and bone fractures were included. Independent reviewers selected studies for inclusion and extracted study characteristics, markers of methodologic quality, and outcomes for the intention‐to‐treat population.Results:Using random‐effects meta‐analyses and inconsistency across trials using the I2 statistic, data were combined across two eligible prospective cohort studies and four RCTs; none reported effects on bone fractures. Compared with placebo or no treatment, low quality evidence found EPs have a moderate effect on bone mineral density in the lumbar spine [ES (effect size) 0.33, 95% CI (confidence interval) 0.09, 0.56; I2 = 0%)], but no significant effect on the femoral neck (ES 0.13, 95% CI −0.16, 0.43; I2 = 0%). There were no significant treatment‐subgroup interactions.Discussion:In general, EPs have uncertain benefit and should be avoided by women with AN in whom the success of weight and nutritional rehabilitation is judged by menses resumption. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Maternal psychopathology and child risk factors in infantile anorexia
Authors: Ammaniti Massimo , Lucarelli Loredana , Cimino Silvia , D'Olimpio Francesca , Chatoor Irene 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjective:This study examines a transactional and multirisk model for Infantile Anorexia (IA) and investigates the contributions of the parent, the child, and dyadic interactional variables related to this feeding disorder.Method:The sample consisted of 371 mother‐child pairs (children aged 6–36 months), of which 187 pairs of mothers and normally developing children (ND‐group), and 184 mothers and IA children. All dyads were videotaped during feeding; mothers completed questionnaires assessing their psychological profiles and eating attitudes, as well as their children's temperament and emotional/ behavioral functioning.Results:Analyses revealed that the IA‐group showed higher scores in symptomatic characteristics both of the mother and of the child, and dysfunctional interactions during feeding as compared with the ND‐group. Further analyses revealed that both child and maternal characteristics are significant predictors of dyadic interactional conflict.Discussion:Results confirm that a multidimensional assessment is critical in the evaluation of IA. © 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Identification of the parameters of the high‐frequency equivalent circuit of PM synchronous motor based on genetic algorithm
Authors: Ito Kouhei , Sato Yasuyuki , Zanma Tadanao , Doki Shinji , Ishida Muneaki 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper presents an identification technique of parameters of a high‐frequency equivalent circuit of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) driven by a PWM inverter. The high‐frequency oscillatory currents such as leakage current to the motor frame (common‐mode current) and high‐frequency oscillatory line current (normal‐mode current) are generated by switching instants of inverter transistors. The parameters of the high‐frequency equivalent circuit of PMSM which can simulate the oscillating current are identified by means of genetic algorithm. It is shown that the high‐frequency equivalent circuit with identified parameters can generate the oscillating current by some simulation results. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 167(4): 57–66, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20717
Forecasting electric power generation in a photovoltaic power system for an energy network
Authors: Kudo Mitsuru , Takeuchi Akira , Nozaki Yousuke , Endo Hisahito , Sumita Jiro 
Published: April 2009

AbstractRecently, there has been an increase in concern about the global environment. Interest is growing in developing an energy network by which new energy systems such as photovoltaic and fuel cells generate power locally and electrical power and heat are controlled with a communication network. We developed the power generation forecast method for photovoltaic power systems in an energy network. The method makes use of weather information and regression analysis. We carried out forecasting power output of the photovoltaic power system installed in Expo 2005, Aichi Japan. As a result of comparing measurements with prediction values, the average prediction error per day was about 26% of the measured power. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 167(4): 16–23, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20755
Three‐dimensional eddy current analysis by multi‐order vector finite elements
Authors: Hano Mitsuo , Hotta Masashi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWe propose a new method based on the use of multi‐order vector finite elements in three‐dimensional eddy current analysis. The edges, faces, and volumes of the multi‐order elements have the orders of the respective shape functions. In order to achieve high efficiency in numerical calculation, high‐order elements are assigned in the important areas of the eddy current model, low‐order elements in the surrounding areas, and multi‐order elements in the intermediate areas joining the two other types of areas. The results obtained by the use of multi‐order elements are compared with those obtained by full high‐order elements and by full low‐order elements. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 167(4): 9–15, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20774
Effect of power cable insulator for power line communication
Authors: Takato Kenji , Seki Kouichi , Arai Toshihiko 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis paper describes a method for calculation of the effective relative dielectric constant εs of VVF cable. For power line communications (PLC), VVF cables in homes are used as 2‐ to 30‐MHz high‐frequency transmission media. As they are not designed and installed for such transmission media, there are many branches and impedance mismatch points that cause PLC signal reflections and standing waves. In order to estimate such standing wave generation and estimate undesirable PLC signal radio wave leakage, the length of the cable and the relative dielectric constant εs are important. However, the insulator of VVF cable is thin and not symmetric, so that it is not easy to calculate effective εs analytically. In this paper, the effective εs is calculated numerically using the PC software EXCEL by drawing the electrical fluxes and analyzing the effect of the insulator for each flux. The calculation result for VVF cable considering the limited insulator area around the conductors shows that the effective εs is about 13% less and the transmission speed is 7% faster than when the insulator occupies the full space around the cable. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 167(4): 24–31, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20862
Ly49Q ligand expressed by activated B cells induces plasmacytoid DC maturation
Authors: Toma‐Hirano Makiko , Namiki Sahori , Shibata Yasue , Ishida Koji , Arase Hisashi , Miyatake Shoichiro , Arai Ken‐ichi , Kamogawa‐Schifter Yumiko 
Published: April 2009

AbstractLy49Q, a type II C‐type lectin expressed on mouse plasmacytoid DC (pDC), contains a single carbohydrate recognition domain in its extracellular region and an ITIM in its cytoplasmic domain. We have identified the MHC class I molecule H‐2Kb as a Ly49Q ligand, confirming prior reports. Although H‐2Kb is expressed on essentially all hematopoietic cells, we found that only CpG‐stimulated B cells were able to activate Ly49Q. This discovery correlated with our finding that although H‐2Kb forms clusters on CpG‐activated B cells, it is diffusely expressed on resting B cells. Furthermore, CpG‐stimulated, but not resting, B cells up‐regulated co‐stimulatory molecules on pDC. This finding was confirmed by the fact that binding by anti‐Ly49Q mAb to Ly49Q led to pDC maturation in vitro. Our results suggest that clustered H‐2Kb on activated B cells act as ligands for Ly49Q and induce pDC maturation in vitro.
TLR2‐activated human langerhans cells promote Th17 polarization via IL‐1β, TGF‐β and IL‐23
Authors: Aliahmadi Ehsan , Gramlich Robert , Grützkau Andreas , Hitzler Manuel , Krüger Melanie , Baumgrass Ria , Schreiner Maximilian , Wittig Burghardt , Wanner Reinhard , Peiser Matthias 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe cytokines IL‐6, IL‐1β, TGF‐β, and IL‐23 are considered to promote Th17 commitment. Langerhans cells (LC) represent DC in the outer skin layers of the epidermis, an environment extensively exposed to pathogenic attack. The question whether organ‐resident DC like LC can evoke Th17 immune response is still open. Our results show that upon stimulation by bacterial agonists, epidermal LC and LC‐like cells TLR2‐dependently acquire the capacity to polarize Th17 cells. In Th17 cells, expression of retinoid orphan receptor γβ was detected. To clarify if IL‐17+cells could arise per se by stimulated LC we did not repress Th1/Th2 driving pathways by antibodies inhibiting differentiation. In CD1c+/langerin+ monocyte‐derived LC‐like cells (MoLC), macrophage‐activating lipopeptide 2, and peptidoglycan (PGN) induced the release of the cytokines IL‐6, IL‐1β, and IL‐23. TGF‐β, a cytokine required for LC differentiation and survival, was found to be secreted constitutively. Anti‐TLR2 inhibited secretion of IL‐6, IL‐1β, and IL‐23 by MoLC, while TGF‐β was unaffected. The amount of IL‐17 and the ratio of IL‐17 to IFN‐γ expression was higher in MoLC‐ than in monocyte‐derived DC‐cocultured Th cells. Anti‐IL‐1β, ‐TGF‐β and ‐IL‐23 decreased the induction of Th17 cells. Interestingly, blockage of TLR2 on PGN‐stimulated MoLC prevented polarization of Th cells into Th17 cells. Thus, our findings indicate a role of TLR2 in eliciting Th17 immune responses in inflamed skin.
Notch ligands potentiate IL‐7‐driven proliferation and survival of human thymocyte precursors
Authors: Magri Maymouna , Yatim Ahmad , Benne Clarisse , Balbo Michèle , Henry Adeline , Serraf Alain , Sakano Seiji , Gazzolo Louis , Lévy Yves , Lelièvre Jean‐Daniel 
Published: April 2009

AbstractNotch and IL‐7 are both well‐characterized factors involved in T‐cell development. In contrast to the mouse model, their precise requirements in the differentiation and/or proliferation of various stages of human thymic development have not been fully explored. Here, we demonstrate that IL‐7 alone is sufficient to induce the differentiation of ex vivo purified CD34+ triple negative (TN) surface (s) CD3− CD4−CD8− (CD3−CD4−CD8−), CD4 immature single positive (ISP) (sCD3−CD4+CD8−) and double positive (DP) (sCD3−CD4+CD8+) human thymic precursors to mature DP expressing sCD3 (sCD3+CD4+CD8+). We show that activation of Notch signaling by its ligands Delta‐1 or Delta‐4 potentiates IL‐7‐driven proliferation and survival of CD34+ TN and to a lesser extent of CD4+ ISP precursors. This effect of Notch is related to a sustained induction of IL‐7 receptor α chain expression on thymocytes through a decreased methylation of its gene promoter. Thus, we show here that proliferation and differentiation of T‐cell precursors are differentially modulated by IL‐7 depending on the presence or absence of external signals. These results may have important implications for the clinical use of this cytokine as a strategy aimed at improving immune restoration.
Expression and function of Na+/Ca2+ exchangers 1 and 3 in human macrophages and monocytes
Authors: Staiano Rosaria I. , Granata Francescopaolo , Secondo Agnese , Petraroli Angelica , Loffredo Stefania , Frattini Annunziata , Annunziato Lucio , Marone Gianni , Triggiani Massimo 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is a membrane transporter that can switch Na+ and Ca2+ in either direction to maintain the homeostasis of intracellular Ca2+. Three isoforms (NCX1, NCX2, and NCX3) have been characterized in excitable cells, e.g. neurons and muscle cells. We examined the expression of these NCX isoforms in primary human lung macrophages (HLM) and blood monocytes. NCX1 and NCX3, but not NCX2, are expressed in HLM and monocytes at both mRNA and protein levels. Na+‐free medium induced a significant increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in both cell types. This response was completely abolished by the NCX inhibitor 5‐(N‐4‐chlorobenzyl)‐20,40‐dimethylbenzamil (CB‐DMB). Moreover, inhibition of NCX activity during Ca2+‐signaling induced by histamine caused a delay in restoring baseline [Ca2+]i. Na+‐free medium induced TNF‐α expression and release in HLM comparable to that caused by LPS. TNF‐α release induced by Na+‐free medium was blocked by CB‐DMB and greatly reduced by RNAi‐mediated knockdown of NCX1. These results indicate that human macrophages and monocytes express NCX1 and NCX3 that operate in a bidirectional manner to restore [Ca2+]i, to generate Ca2+‐signals, and to induce TNF‐α production. Therefore, NCX may contribute to regulate Ca2+ homeostasis and proinflammatory functions in human macrophages and monocytes.