bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone healing response to a synthetic calcium sulfate/β‐tricalcium phosphate graft material in a sheep vertebral body defect model
Authors: Yang H. L. , Zhu X. S. , Chen L. , Chen C. M. , Mangham D. C. , Coulton L. A. , Aiken S. S. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe introduction of a material able to promote osteogenesis and remodelling activity in a clinically relevant time frame in vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty procedures may have patient benefit. We report thein‐vivoperformance of a biphasic synthetic bone graft material (Genex Paste, Biocomposites, UK) [test material], composed of calcium sulfate and β‐tricalcium phosphate, implanted into a sheep vertebral defect model. Cavities drilled into 4 adjacent vertebrae (L2 to L5) of 24 skeletally mature sheep were; (1) filled with the test material; (2) filled with commercially available polymethylmethacrylate [PMMA] cement; (3) remained empty [sham]. Analysis was performed immediately after implantation and at 8, 16, and 36 weeks post implantation. Sites were evaluated for bone growth with microCT analysis, histological examination, and mechanical testing under compression. The test material exhibited an improved tissue response over the PMMA, indicating a superior biological tolerance. MicroCT and histology indicated marked osteoregenerative capacity of the test material when compared with sham and the PMMA. The percentage of new bone formation was higher for the test material than sham at 16 and 36 weeks post implantation, with bone regeneration almost complete at 36 weeks in this group. Resorption of test material and the integration into new bone tissue were demonstrated. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Surface chemical and physical modification in stent technology for the treatment of coronary artery disease
Authors: Nazneen Feroze , Herzog Grégoire , Arrigan Damien W.M. , Caplice Noel , Benvenuto Pasquale , Galvin Paul , Thompson Michael 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCoronary artery disease (CAD) kills millions of people every year. It results from a narrowing of the arteries (stenosis) supplying blood to the heart. This review discusses the merits and limitations of balloon angioplasty and stent implantation, the most common treatment options for CAD, and the pathophysiology associated with these treatments. The focus of the review is heavily placed on research efforts geared toward the modification of stent surfaces for the improvement of stent‐vascular compatibility and the reduction in the occurrence of related pathophysiologies. Such modifications may be chemical or physical, both of which are surveyed here. Chemical modifications may be passive or active, while physical modification of stent surfaces can also provide suitable substrates to manipulate the responses of vascular cells (endothelial, smooth muscle, and fibroblast). The influence of micro‐ and nanostructured surfaces on the in vitro cell response is discussed. Finally, future perspectives on the combination of chemical and physical modifications of stent surfaces are also presented. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Spinal duraplasty with two novel substitutes restored locomotor function after acute laceration spinal cord injury in rats
Authors: Liang Hongsheng , Li Changyu , Gao Aili , Liang Peng , Shao Yongxiang , Lin Tie , Zhang Xiangtong 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA dural tear is a common complication after acute laceration spinal cord injury (ALSCI). An unrepaired dural tear is associated with poor locomotor functional recovery. Spinal duraplasty with biomaterials may promote functional recovery in ALSCI. However, an ideal dural substitute has not yet been found. In this work, we investigated the possibility of using a denuded human amniotic membrane (DHAM) or DHAM seeded on bone marrow stromal cells (DHAM–BMSCs) as duraplasty biomaterials. We patched broken dura with the two novel substitutes in an ALSCI rat model. At the end of the eighth week, we observed that the neural motor function was recovered according to the Basso–Beattie–Bresnahan scale, and the neural loop was successfully reestablished between the ends of the lesions by motor‐evoked potentials in the duraplasty groups. Moreover, the DHAM–BMSCs repaired the dura and resulted in a significant reduction in the total lesion and cystic volumes by nearly 10‐fold versus the control group (p< 0.01). The levels of neurotrophic factors and NF‐200‐positive fibers were also improved in the duraplasty groups, compared to the control group. Our data suggest that the two novel substitutes may be promising grafts for patching dural defects to improve locomotor function after ALSCI. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
Evaluation of liver fibrosis by investigation of hepatic parenchymal perfusion using contrast‐enhanced ultrasound: An animal study
Authors: Ying Michael , Leung Gina , Lau Thomas Y.H. , Tipoe George L. , Lee Esther S.T. , Yuen Queeny W.H. , Huang Yan‐Ping , Zheng Yong‐Ping 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPurpose:To investigate the value of assessing the hepatic parenchymal perfusion in contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) for evaluating liver fibrosis, using an animal model.Methods:Seventy Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into experimental (n = 35) and control (n = 35) groups. In the experimental group, liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride. CEUS of the liver was performed at a 2‐week interval for 14 weeks. Signal intensity of liver parenchyma was analyzed with time‐intensity curves. Histologic examination of liver specimens of the animals was performed to assess the fibrosis stage.Results:The peak signal intensity of hepatic parenchymal perfusion in stage 2–3 fibrosis was significantly lower than that in stage 0–1. The time to peak intensity of hepatic parenchymal perfusion was significantly longer in the experimental group than the control group, and in the stage 3 fibrosis than in stages 0–2 fibrosis. Using time to peak intensity of hepatic parenchymal perfusion to distinguish stage 3 fibrosis and stages 0–2 fibrosis, the optimum cutoff was 75,000 milliseconds with the sensitivity and specificity of 67% and 78%, respectively.Conclusions:This animal study showed that CEUS has the potential to be a complementary imaging tool in the evaluation of liver fibrosis. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 40:462–470, 2012
Maximizing H‐Colorings of a Regular Graph
Authors: Galvin David 
Published: July 2012

AbstractFor graphs G and H, a homomorphism from G to H, or H‐coloring of G, is an adjacency preserving map from the vertex set of G to the vertex set of H. Our concern in this article is the maximum number of H‐colorings admitted by an n‐vertex, d‐regular graph, for each H. Specifically, writing for the number of H‐colorings admitted by G, we conjecture that for any simple finite graph H (perhaps with loops) and any simple finite n‐vertex, d‐regular, loopless graph G, we have

urn:x-wiley:03649024:jgt21658:equation:jgt21658-math-0002where is the complete bipartite graph with d vertices in each partition class, and is the complete graph on vertices.Results of Zhao confirm this conjecture for some choices of H for which the maximum is achieved by . Here, we exhibit for the first time infinitely many nontrivial triples for which the conjecture is true and for which the maximum is achieved by .We also give sharp estimates for and in terms of some structural parameters of H. This allows us to characterize those H for which is eventually (for all sufficiently large d) larger than and those for which it is eventually smaller, and to show that this dichotomy covers all nontrivial H. Our estimates also allow us to obtain asymptotic evidence for the conjecture in the following form. For fixed H, for all d‐regular G, we have

urn:x-wiley:03649024:jgt21658:equation:jgt21658-math-0013where as . More precise results are obtained in some special cases.
Plane Graphs with Maximum Degree Are Entirely ‐Colorable
Authors: Wang Yingqian , Mao Xianghua , Miao Zhengke 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLet be a plane graph with the sets of vertices, edges, and faces V, E, and F, respectively. If one can color all elements in using k colors so that any two adjacent or incident elements receive distinct colors, then G is said to be entirely k‐colorable. Kronk and Mitchem [Discrete Math 5 (1973) 253‐260] conjectured that every plane graph with maximum degree Δ is entirely ‐colorable. This conjecture has now been settled in Wang and Zhu (J Combin Theory Ser B 101 (2011) 490–501), where the authors asked: is every simple plane graph entirely ‐colorable? In this article, we prove that every simple plane graph with is entirely ‐colorable, and conjecture that every simple plane graph, except the tetrahedron, is entirely ‐colorable.
On the Roots of Expected Independence Polynomials
Authors: Brown Jason I. , Dilcher Karl , Manna Dante V. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe independence polynomial of a (finite) graph is the generating function for the number of independent sets of each cardinality. Assuming that each possible edge of a complete graph of order n is independently operational with probability p, we consider the expected independence polynomial. We show here that for all fixed , the expected independence polynomials of complete graphs have all real, simple roots.
Altered balance between excitatory and inhibitory inputs onto CA1 pyramidal neurons from SV2A‐deficient but not SV2B‐deficient mice
Authors: Venkatesan Kumar , Alix Philippe , Marquet Alice , Doupagne Melissa , Niespodziany Isabelle , Rogister Bernard , Seutin Vincent 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSynaptic vesicle protein 2 (SV2) is a glycoprotein that exists in three isoforms, SV2A, SV2B, and SV2C. SV2A knockout (KO) mice and SV2A/SV2B double KO (DKO) mice, but not SV2B KO animals, start to experience severe seizures and weight loss 7 days after birth and die at about postnatal day (P)14–P23. Because excitatory and inhibitory inputs play a major role in controlling neuronal excitability in the hippocampus, we examined the effects of SV2A and/or SV2B deletions on glutamatergic and GABAA neurotransmission in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Spontaneous and miniature excitatory and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs, mEPSCs, sIPSCs, and mIPSCs, respectively) were recorded using the whole‐cell patch‐clamp technique in slices from P6–P14 mice. The frequency of sEPSCs was increased in SV2A KO and SV2A/SV2B DKO mice, but their amplitude was unchanged. Such changes were not observed in SV2B KOs. On the contrary, the frequency and amplitude of sIPSCs were decreased in SV2A KO and SV2A/SV2B DKO mice but not in SV2B KO animals, as reported previously for the CA3 region. Kinetic parameters of sIPSCs and sEPSCs were unchanged. Importantly, no changes were observed in any genotype when examining mEPSCs and mIPSCs. We conclude that action potential‐ and Ca2+‐dependent glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic transmission are differentially altered in the hippocampus of SV2A‐deficient mice, whereas the mechanism of exocytosis itself is not changed. The altered balance between these major excitatory and inhibitory inputs is probably a contributing factor to seizures in SV2A KO and SV2A/SV2B DKO mice. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Selective and non‐selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors delay stress fracture healing in the rat ulna
Authors: Kidd Lisa J. , Cowling Nick R. , Wu Andy C. , Kelly Wendy L. , Forwood Mark R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAnti‐inflammatory drugs are widely used to manage pain associated with stress fractures (SFxs), but little is known about their effects on healing of those injuries. We hypothesized that selective and non‐selective anti‐inflammatory treatments would retard the healing of SFx in the rat ulna. SFxs were created by cyclic loading of the ulna in Wistar rats. Ulnae were harvested 2, 4 or 6 weeks following loading. Rats were treated with non‐selective NSAID, ibuprofen (30 mg/kg/day); selective COX‐2 inhibition, [5,5‐dimethyl‐3‐3 (3 fluorophenyl)‐4‐(4 methylsulfonal) phenyl‐2 (5H)‐furanone] (DFU) (2.0 mg/kg/day); or the novel c5a anatagonist PMX53 (10 mg/kg/day, 4 and 6 weeks only); with appropriate vehicle as control. Quantitative histomorphometric measurements of SFx healing were undertaken. Treatment with the selective COX‐2 inhibitor, DFU, reduced the area of resorption along the fracture line at 2 weeks, without affecting bone formation at later stages. Treatment with the non‐selective, NSAID, ibuprofen decreased both bone resorption and bone formation so that there was significantly reduced length and area of remodeling and lamellar bone formation within the remodeling unit at 6 weeks after fracture. The C5a receptor antagonist PMX53 had no effect on SFx healing at 4 or 6 weeks after loading, suggesting that PMX53 would not delay SFx healing. Both selective COX‐2 inhibitors and non‐selective NSAIDs have the potential to compromise SFx healing, and should be used with caution when SFx is diagnosed or suspected. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 235–242, 2013
Survival and reproduction of adult snowy owls tracked by satellite
Authors: Therrien Jean‐François , Gauthier Gilles , Bêty Joël 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSatellite telemetry can provide valuable information on spatial ecology of animals, especially in species inhabiting remote areas such as the Arctic. However, caution is always needed when selecting transmitter size and attachment methods because of the potential negative impact of the device itself on individuals. We determined survival and reproductive performance of adult female snowy owls (Bubo scandiacus) tracked by satellite to evaluate potential adverse effects of transmitters. In summer 2007, we captured 12 adult females on their nest in the Canadian Arctic, marked them with 30‐g harness‐mounted transmitters, and tracked their movement for up to 3 years. All marked birds resumed normal activities shortly (<60 min) after release and none deserted their nest. We had 2 known deaths and 2 transmitters that stopped moving over 3 years, yielding an annual survival rate between 85.2 ± 7.0% and 92.3 ± 5.7%. Moreover, summer movement patterns, combined with ground checks in several cases, suggested that all successfully tracked birds initiated a nest every year after marking. Finally, laying date and clutch size of individuals did not differ before and after marking. Overall, our data indicate that life history traits of adult female snowy owls were not affected by satellite transmitters. © 2012 The Wildlife Society.
Temporary vocal fold immobility after chemocauterization of the pyriform sinus fistula opening with trichloroacetic acid
Authors: Park Joo Hyun , Jung Young Ho , Sung Myung‐Whun , Kim Kwang Hyun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPyriform sinus fistula (PSF) is a rare branchial pouch anomaly. Circumferential chemocauterization of the opening with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is a simple, reliable treatment of choice with little morbidity. However, we experienced two cases of vocal fold immobility after chemocauterization of the PSF opening with TCA. Vocal fold mobility recovered spontaneously within 8 weeks in both cases. Herein, we report these cases in addition to a review of the literature.
Juvenile recurrent respiratory papilloma: Variable intersurgical intervals
Authors: Ongkasuwan Julina , Friedman Ellen M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To analyze the patterns of surgical frequency in pediatric patients undergoing surgery with CO2 laser ablation for juvenile onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP). The hypothesis is that over time there is a high variability in surgical frequency independent of the use of an adjuvant therapy.Study Design:Retrospective case review.Methods:All pediatric patients treated surgically with the CO2 laser for JORRP by two senior surgeons at a tertiary pediatric hospital over an 11‐year period were evaluated. Regression analysis was performed. An online survey was conducted of the American Academy of Pediatric Otolaryngology membership on their practice patterns regarding JORRP.Results:Twenty‐nine patients were identified, and of those, 20 were included in regression analysis. Several distinct patterns were noted. Only five of the 20 patients (25%) had a constant rate of procedures throughout the observation period. Three (15%) of the patients had continual decrease and one (5%) of the patients had a continual increase in the surgical rate throughout the study period. Eleven (55%) had a fluctuation in the pattern of their recurrences. When queried on how they approach when to repeat intervention for JORRP patients, more than 16 responses were given, and the most common determinants included standard set interval, previous operative findings, and previous interval.Conclusions:The natural fluctuation in intersurgical intervals without the use of any adjuvant therapy confounds the use of intersurgical interval as an outcome measure for the success of adjuvant therapy. Accelerations and decelerations were noted but cannot be explained.
Mechanical and Biological Performances of New Scaffolds Made of Collagen Hydrogels and Fibroin Microfibers for Vascular Tissue Engineering
Authors: de Moraes Mariana Agostini , Paternotte Estelle , Mantovani Diego , Beppu Marisa Masumi 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA microstructured composite material made of collagen hydrogel (matrix) and silk fibroin microfibers (randomly oriented reinforcing fibers) is investigated in order to conjugate the mechanical resistance of fibroin with the suitable biological performance of collagen to design new scaffolds for vascular tissue engineering. Results show that fibroin microfibers and collagen fibrils have suitable interfacial adhesion, and the scaffold exhibits improved mechanical properties if compared with a pure collagen hydrogel. Furthermore, the overall biological performance is improved. magnified image
Novel Biopolymer Matrices for Microencapsulation of Phages: Enhanced Protection Against Acidity and Protease Activity
Authors: Dini Cecilia , Islan Germán A. , de Urraza Patricio J. , Castro Guillermo R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPhage therapy by oral administration requires enhanced resistance of phages to the harsh gastric conditions. The aim of this work is the microencapsulation of phages in natural biopolymeric matrices as a protective barrier against the gastric environment. Alginate and pectin are used as base polymers. Further emulsification with oleic acid or coating with a different biopolymer is also studied. Emulsified pectin shows the maximum encapsulation efficiency and the highest protection against acidity, leaving more than 103 active phages after 30 min exposure at pH = 1.6, and protects phage from pepsin activity (4.2 mg mL−1). Non‐encapsulated phages are fully inactivated at pH = 1.6 or with pepsin (0.5 mg mL−1) after 10 min. magnified image
Fabrication of Nanofiber Scaffolds With Gradations in Fiber Organization and Their Potential Applications
Authors: Xie Jingwei , Ma Bing , Michael Praveesuda Lorwattanapongsa , Shuler Franklin D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA new and simple method for fabrication of nanofiber scaffolds with gradations in fiber organization is reported. The nanofiber organization, achieved by deposition of random fibers on the uniaxially aligned nanofiber mat in a gradient manner, directed morphological changes of applied adipose‐derived stem cells. These morphological changes and resultant biochemical changes can help mimic the structural orientation of complex biomechanical structures like the collagen fiber structure at the tendon‐to‐bone insertion site. In addition, chemical gradients can be established through nanoencapsulation in this novel scaffold allowing for enhanced biomedical applications. magnified image
SENSE with improved tolerance to inaccuracies in coil sensitivity maps
Authors: Peeters Johannes M. , Fuderer Miha 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn this work, an extension of the Cartesian sensitivity encoding (SENSE) parallel imaging framework is proposed. In the well‐known SENSE solution, the overdetermined reconstruction inversion problem is optimized to get the highest signal‐to‐noise ratio in the image. In this extension, the probability of artifacts due to incorrect knowledge of the receiver coil sensitivities is also taken into account. This is realized by assuming an uncertainty in measured receiver coil sensitivities to enable weighting of residual artifact level and signal‐to‐noise ratio in the inversion problem. This inversion problem can still be solved by a least‐squares optimization without the need of any complex iterative scheme. Results in abdominal imaging show that artifact levels can be substantially reduced, at the cost of a signal‐to‐noise ratio penalty. The size of the signal‐to‐noise ratio penalty depends on the assumed inaccuracy of the coil sensitivities, sensitivity encoding acceleration factor, and coil configuration. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reconstruction of undersampled radial PatLoc imaging using total generalized variation
Authors: Knoll Florian , Schultz Gerrit , Bredies Kristian , Gallichan Daniel , Zaitsev Maxim , Hennig Jürgen , Stollberger Rudolf 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn the case of radial imaging with nonlinear spatial encoding fields, a prominent star‐shaped artifact has been observed if a spin distribution is encoded with an undersampled trajectory. This work presents a new iterative reconstruction method based on the total generalized variation, which reduces this artifact. For this approach, a sampling operator (as well as its adjoint) is needed that maps data from PatLoc k‐space to the final image space. It is shown that this can be realized as a type‐3 nonuniform fast Fourier transform, which is implemented by a combination of a type‐1 and type‐2 nonuniform fast Fourier transform. Using this operator, it is also possible to implement an iterative conjugate gradient SENSE based method for PatLoc reconstruction, which leads to a significant reduction of computation time in comparison to conventional PatLoc image reconstruction methods. Results from numerical simulations and in vivo PatLoc measurements with as few as 16 radial projections are presented, which demonstrate significant improvements in image quality with the total generalized variation‐based approach. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A moving pseudo‐boundary method of fundamental solutions for void detection
Authors: Karageorghis Andreas , Lesnic Daniel , Marin Liviu 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe propose a new moving pseudo‐boundary method of fundamental solutions (MFS) for the determination of the boundary of a void. This problem can be modeled as an inverse boundary value problem for harmonic functions. The algorithm for imaging the interior of the medium also makes use of radial polar parametrization of the unknown void shape in two dimensions. The center of this radial polar parametrization is considered to be unknown. We also include the contraction and dilation factors to be part of the unknowns in the resulting nonlinear least‐squares problem. This approach addresses the major problem of locating the pseudo‐boundary in the MFS in a natural way, because the inverse problem in question is nonlinear anyway. The feasibility of this new method is illustrated by several numerical examples. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2013