bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seduction, Prostitution, and the Control of Female Desire in Popular Antebellum Fiction
Authors: Renner Karen J. 
Published: October 2010

Karen J. Renner, "Seduction, Prostitution, and the Control of Female Desire in Popular Antebellum Literature" (pp. 166–191)
During the antebellum era, increased attention to the prostitute coincided with a prevalent conception of women as, in Nancy Cott's words, essentially "passionless" unless aroused by sincere romantic love. Yet it seems paradoxical that this ideology existed alongside an increasing awareness of women whose livelihood depended upon manufacturing and marketing sexual desire. In this essay I argue that the prostitute became an object of antebellum fascination and concern less because of her defiance of the ideology of passionlessness and more because of the extent to which she could be made to reinforce this ideology. Casting the prostitute as a victim of seduction preserved predominant beliefs about the dependency of female desire on male impetus. The popular novels of George Thompson and Osgood Bradbury elide the sexual autonomy of the prostitute by making her a victim of men, but they do so in different ways. Thompson employs two variants of the seduction narrative that differ according to class, but both result in the subjection of female desire to male control. His indigent females are chaste victims of violent forms of sexual exploitation, while his licentious rich women reveal an inherent tendency toward monogamy or an inability to command their own aberrant desires. Bradbury, in contrast, is remarkable for his willingness to allow fallen women and prostitutes the chance to reform. As refreshingly progressive as Bradbury's novels seem, however, his adherence to the seduction narrative ultimately suggests that female desire is doomed to dissatisfaction unless properly channeled toward working-class men.
Dry Techniques for Epitaxial Graphene Transfer
Authors: Caldwell Joshua D. , Anderson Travis J. , Hobart Karl D. , Jernigan Glenn G. , Culbertson James C. , Kub Fritz J. , Tedesco Joseph L. , Hite Jennifer K. , Mastro Michael A. , Myers-Ward Rachael L. , Eddy Charles R. , Campbell Paul M. , Gaskill D. Kurt 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEpitaxial graphene (EG) grown on the carbon-face of SiC has been shown to exhibit higher carrier mobilities in comparison to other growth techniques amenable to wafer-scale graphene fabrication. The transfer of large area (>mm2) graphene films to substrates amenable for specific applications is desirable. We demonstrate the dry transfer of EG from the C-face of 4H-SiC onto SiO2, GaN and Al2O3 substrates via two approaches using either 1) thermal release tape or 2) a spin-on, chemically-etchable dielectric. Van der Pauw devices fabricated from C-face EG transferred to SiO2 gave similar mobility values and up to three fold reductions in carrier density in comparison to devices fabricated on as-grown material.
The Ultrafast Dynamics of Electronic Excitations in Pentacene Thin Films
Authors: Marciniak Henning , Nickel Bert , Lochbrunner Stefan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPentacene films which are model systems for organic electronics exhibit contrary to the pentacene monomer extremely little photoluminescence. This points to an ultrafast relaxation mechanism. We apply pump-probe absorption spectroscopy with a time resolution of 30 fs to microcrystalline pentacene films. It is found that the primarily excited Frenkel excitons decay within 70 fs to a non fluorescing singlet species. Contrary to expectations fission into triplets is only a minor channel. We propose that the ultrafast relaxation of the photoexcited excitons leads to a species very similar to excimers. The radiative transition of the excimer to the ground state is electric dipole forbidden due to symmetry reasons. The excimer formation provides therefore an efficient mechanism to turn off the emission.
An Inventory and Assessment of Models Used to Predict Emergency Evacuation and Consideration of Increasing Policymaker Involvement
Authors: Lewis Carol Abel 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEvacuations from Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma in 2005 illuminated the issues with clearing large numbers of residents via urban areas' roadways and public transportation systems. In the Gulf Coast of Texas, problems arose from people not observing the designated evacuation zones and protocol. This was particularly acute in the Houston area when residents of that city in large numbers failed to await the exiting of people from Galveston Island and other coastal communities. Consequently, the roadways were clogged inland and residents in extremely high‐risk areas were unable to leave. Newly developed software for transportation planning and traffic simulation can make a big impact on the way transportation professionals work. Rapid developments in computer power, mobile phone technology, and data transfer speeds, plus radical improvements in software are transforming the way in which information can be linked to government. A number of models exist that purport to forecast evacuation volumes under a variety of scenarios. A review of these models and their potential application shows how a number of communities could make better decisions about the best methods and routes for evacuation.
Guest Editor's Introduction: Assessing the Complex and Multidimensional Characteristics of Evacuation Incidents
Authors: Gerber Brian J 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe articles included in this Risk, Hazards & Crisis in Public Policy symposium on emergency evacuation issues are drawn from research findings presented at the National Evacuation Conference, held in New Orleans, Louisiana, in February 2010. Assessment questions related to evacuations are of course highly significant for emergency management practice and disaster management policy. Evacuations are highly complex—and frequently dangerous—endeavors. The problems attendant to the unsuccessful sheltering and secondary evacuation of New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, and the difficulties associated with the evacuation of the Houston and Galveston, Texas, metropolitan areas as a consequence of Hurricane Rita several weeks later are stark and relatively recent reminders of that proposition. There are of course numerous disaster evacuations abroad that likewise underscore the urgency and centrality of sound evacuation planning and preparedness. Unfortunately, roughly five years after Katrina and Rita, the massive dislocation of persons in Pakistan as a result of catastrophic flooding again points to the relevance of disaster management practice, evacuations included. But it would be a mistake to think of evacuation management as primarily a matter of infrequent large‐scale disasters or catastrophes. Instead, the reality is that evacuations on a relatively small scale—either incidents in individual structures, such as building fires or incidents in a specific geographic area such as an accidental chemical spill—occur literally every day in the United States. In other words, a wide range of hazard incidents are sufficient to prompt emergency evacuations, and the high rate of incidence requires taking the topic seriously not only as an emergency management issue but as a research question as well.
Ends and quasicomponents
Authors: Shekutkovski Nikita , Markoski Gorgi 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
Let X be a connected locally compact metric space. It is known that if X is locally connected, then the space of ends (Freudenthal ends), EX, can be represented as the inverse limit of the set (space) S(X
C) of components of X
C, i.e., as the inverse limit of the inverse system $$
EX = \mathop {\lim }\limits_ \leftarrow (S(X\backslash C)),inclusions,CcompactinX)
$$. In this paper, the above result is significantly improved. It is shown that for a space which is not locally connected, we can replace the space of components by the space of quasicomponents Q(X
C) of X
C. The following result is proved: if X is a connected locally compact metric space, then $$
EX = \mathop {\lim }\limits_ \leftarrow (Q(X\backslash C)),inclusions,CcompactinX)
$$.
Simulations on the mechanism of CNT bundle growth upon smooth and nanostructured Ni as well as θ-Al2O3 catalysts
Authors: Zhukovskii Yuri , Piskunov Sergei , Kotomin Eugene , Bellucci Stefano 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
In the current study, we have performed ab initio DFT calculations on the gradually growing 2D periodic models of capped single-wall carbon nanotubes (SW CNTs) upon their perpendicular junctions with the Ni(111) substrate, in order to understand the peculiarities of the initial stage of their growth on either smooth or nanostructured catalytic particles. Appearance of the adsorbed carbon atoms upon the substrate follows from the dissociation of CVD hydrocarbon molecules, e.g., CH4: (CH4)ads → (CH)ads+3Hads and (CH)ads → Cads+Hads. (Since the effective growth of CNTs upon Ni nanoparticles occur inside the nanopores of amorphous alumina, we have also simulated analogous surface reactions upon the θ-Al2O3(010) slabs). Association of the adsorbed carbon atoms upon the catalyst surface precedes further swelling of the (Cn)ads islands after appearance of pentagonal defects within a honeycomb sheet which are more probable upon the catalyst surface containing either defects or nanoclusters (as in the case of the nanostructured substrate). The gradual growth of the capped CNTs is considerably more effective upon the nanostructured Ni(111) substrate compared to a smooth nickel substrate (cf. values of CNT adhesion energy per boundary C atom for chiralities of either armchair-type, 4.04 vs. 2.51 eV, or zigzag-type, 4.61 vs. 2.14 eV, respectively). The electronic charge transfer from the Ni catalyst towards the CNTs has been calculated for both chiralities (> 1 e per C atom), i.e., quite strong chemical bonds are formed within the CNT/Ni(111) interconnects.
Association between Helicobacter. pylori and coronary artery disease
Authors: Davoudi Setareh , Omran Abbas , Boroumand Mohammad , Rahimian Nasrin , Saadat Soheil 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The high prevalence of both Helicobacter.pylori infection and coronary atherosclerosis in our country prompted us to assess the probable association between both conditions. This cross-sectional study recruited 153 patients scheduled to undergo coronary artery angiography. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of coronary angiography results. Sixty-nine patients had coronary atherosclerosis and the 84 remaining patients were normal. Characteristics and pre-angiographic serum levels of triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, and Helicobacter.pylori IgG antibody were assessed in the patients and compared between the groups. Helicobacter.pylori infection occurred in 88 (57.51%) patients: 40 (58%) in the atherosclerotic group and 48 (57.1%) in the control group with no significant differences (P=0.918). Our multivariable analysis revealed that Helicobacter.pylori infection was not an independent predictive factor for coronary artery disease (P =0.915). Also, the prevalence of atherosclerosis risk factors with respect to the seropositive and seronegative Helicobacter.pylori infection was assessed in the case group, which showed no significant difference. Furthermore, the prevalence of seropositive Helicobacter.pylori infection in terms of the number of diseased coronary vessels was evaluated, this demonstrated no significant association between the number of the diseased vessels and Helicobacter.pylori infection. This study demonstrated that Helicobacter.pylori infection was not an independent predictive factor of atherosclerosis.
Process characteristics for a gas—liquid system agitated in a vessel equipped with a turbine impeller and tubular baffles
Authors: Major-Godlewska Marta , Karcz Joanna 
Published: October 2010

AbstractResults of the experimental research on gas hold-up, power consumption for liquid phase and gas—liquid systems, and on residence time of the gas bubbles are presented in the paper for an agitated vessel with a turbine impeller. Distilled water or aqueous solutions of NaCl were used as the liquid phase. Air was dispersed into liquid as the gas phase. The studies were carried out in an agitated vessel of the inner diameter D = 0.634 m. Tubular baffles of the diameter of 0.7D, consisting of 24 vertical tubes of the diameter of 0.016D, were located inside a flat-bottomed tank. Turbines with six blades and the pitch of 90°, 60°, or 45°, respectively, were used for agitation. Measurements were carried out in the range of good dispersion of gas bubbles in the liquid within the turbulent regime of the liquid flow. Effects of the gas bubbles capability to coalesce on the gas hold-up, residence time of the gas bubbles, and power consumption were analyzed. Results of the power consumption (P G-L/P o = f 1(Kg, Fr)) and gas hold-up (φ= f 2(Kg, We, Y)) were approximated mathematically, using Eqs. (5) and (6), respectively. In Eq. (6), parameter Y was introduced in order to describe the influence of the bubbles capability to coalesce on the gas hold-up. The results of the study show that power consumption does not depend on the capability of bubbles to coalesce, but the pitch of the turbine impeller affects the power characteristics in such a physical system significantly. However, the residence time of the gas phase in agitated liquid depends on the pitch of the impeller blade and on the capability of bubbles to coalesce.
Acceptability of an Emotional and Behavioural Screening Tool for Children in Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Services in Urban NSW
Authors: Williamson Anna , Redman Sally , Dadds Mark , Daniels John , D'Este Catherine , Raphael Beverley , Eades Sandra , Skinner Tracey 
Published: October 2010

Objective: To assess the acceptability and face validity of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Aboriginal community controlled health services (ACCHOs) located in the greater Sydney region. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in three ACCHOs located within the greater Sydney region in 2008–2009. A semi-structured approach was used in focus groups and small group interviews (n = 47) to elicit participants’ views on the appropriateness of the SDQ and any additional issues of importance to Aboriginal child and adolescent mental health. Results: The SDQ was found to cover many important aspects of Aboriginal child and adolescent mental health, however, the wording of some questions was considered ambiguous and some critical issues are not explored. The peer relationships subscale did not appear to fit well with Aboriginal concepts of the relative importance of different interpersonal relationships. Conclusion: Overall the SDQ was acceptable in ACCHOs in Sydney; however, changes to the wording of some questions and the response scale may be indicated to improve cultural appropriateness and clarity. A further set of issues which are not covered by any commonly used screening tools but are of critical importance to Aboriginal child and adolescent mental health should also be considered by clinicians.
Changes in the Prevalence of Major Depression in an Australian Community Sample Between 1998 and 2008
Authors: Goldney Robert D. , Eckert Kerena A. , Hawthorne Graeme , Taylor Anne W. 
Published: October 2010

Objective: To identify changes in the prevalence of major depression between 1998, 2004 and 2008 in South Australia. Methods: Face-to-face Health Omnibus surveys were conducted in 1998, 2004 and 2008 with approximately 3000 participants aged 15 years and over, who were random and representative samples of the South Australian population. Each survey used the same methodology. Outcome measures were: major depression as detected by the Mood module of the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders instrument; mental health literacy by recognition and exposure to classical symptoms of depression; and health status using the SF-36 Physical and Mental Component summaries. Results: There was a significant increase in the prevalence of major depression from 6.8% (95%CI: 5.9%–7.7%) to 10.3% (95%CI: 9.2%–11.4%; χ2 24.59, p < 0.001) between 1998 and 2008. Significant increases were observed in males aged 15–29 and females aged 30–49 years. There was no significant increase in any other sub-group. The strongest predictor of major depression was health status. Participants with poor/fair mental health literacy were 37% less likely to be classified with major depression. Conclusions: The prevalence of major depression increased significantly in South Australia over the last decade and there was a reduction in mental health status and an increase in persons reporting poor health. Unexpectedly, having poor or fair mental health literacy was significantly protective for major depression. Ideally, public health initiatives should result in an improvement in health, but this did not appear to have occurred here.
Factors Associated with Dementia in Aboriginal Australians
Authors: Smith Kate , Flicker Leon , Dwyer Anna , Atkinson David , Almeida Osvaldo P. , Lautenschlager Nicola T. , LoGiudice Dina 
Published: October 2010

Objective: Although the prevalence of dementia in remote living Aboriginal Australians is one of the highest in the world, the factors associated with dementia in this population are yet to be examined. This study was designed to determine the demographic, lifestyle and clinical factors associated with dementia in Aboriginal Australians living in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. Method: A total of 363 Aboriginal Australians aged over 45 years from the Kimberley region were selected by semi-purposeful sampling. The factors analysed for association with dementia were age, sex, education, smoking, chewing tobacco, alcohol, head injury, heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, previous stroke, epilepsy, falls, mobility, incontinence, urinary problems, vision and hearing. This exposure data was collected from participants’ and informants’ reports using the Kimberley Indigenous Cognitive Assessment and specialist review, and medical records. Results: Factors associated with dementia included older age, male gender (OR 3.1, 95%CI 1.4, 6.8) and no formal education (OR 2.7, 95%CI 1.1, 6.7) and after adjusting for age, sex and education, dementia was associated with current smoking (OR 4.5, 95%CI 1.1, 18.6), previous stroke (OR 17.9, 95%CI 5.9, 49.7), epilepsy (OR 33.5, 95%CI 4.8, 232.3), head injury (OR 4.0, 95%CI 1.7, 9.4), and poor mobility, incontinence and falls. Conclusions: Interventions aimed at better management or prevention of the modifiable factors identified could reduce dementia risk in Aboriginal populations.
Treatment Outcomes and Predictors of Drop out for Problem Gamblers in South Australia: A Cohort Study
Authors: Smith David , Harvey Peter , Battersby Malcolm , Pols Rene , Oakes Jane , Baigent Michael 
Published: October 2010

Objectives: Recent prevalence studies in Australia, the USA and Canada have estimated 1-2% of the adult population meet the diagnostic criteria for problem or pathological gambling. The Statewide Gambling Therapy Service (SGTS) provides treatment for problem gamblers in key metropolitan and rural regions in South Australia. The aims of this study were two-fold: to analyse the short and mid-term outcomes following treatment provided by SGTS and to identify factors associated with treatment drop-out. Method: A cohort of treatment seeking problem gamblers was recruited through SGTS in 2008. Repeated outcome measures included problem gambling screening, gambling related cognitions and urge. Treatment drop-out was defined as participants attending three or less treatment sessions, whilst potential predictors of drop-out included perceived social support, anxiety and sensation-seeking traits. Results: Of 127 problem gamblers who participated in the study, 69 (54%) were males with a mean age of 43.09 years (SD = 12.65 years) and with 65 (52%) reporting a duration of problem gambling greater than 5 years. Follow up time for 50% of participants was greater than 8.9 months and, overall, 41 (32%) participants were classified as treatment drop-outs. Results indicated significant improvement over time on all outcome measures except alcohol use for both treatment completers and drop-outs, although to a lesser extent for the treatment drop-out group. A significant predictor of treatment drop-out was sensation-seeking traits. Conclusion: These results will inform future treatment planning and service delivery, and guide research into problem gambling including aspects of treatment drop-out.
Factors Associated with Medication Non-Adherence in Patients Suffering from Schizophrenia: A Cross-Sectional Study in a Universal Coverage Health-Care System
Authors: Dassa Daniel , Boyer Laurent , Benoit Michel , Bourcet Stéphane , Raymondet Philippe , Bottai Thierry 
Published: October 2010

Objective: To quantify the factors associated with non-adherence to medication among stable patients suffering from schizophrenia in the context of universal access to care. Methods: This naturalistic, multicentric study was conducted in 15 French public hospitals in a region of south-eastern France during a 1 week period in 2008. All consecutive outpatients with stable schizophrenia were recruited. Adherence was assessed with the 10-item Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI). Measures included socio-demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, insight using the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disease (SUMD), and therapeutic alliance using the Patient Session Questionnaire (PSQ). Regression models were used to identify the risk factors associated with non-adherence. Results: The study included 291 patients, 30% of whom were considered to be non-adherent. Non-adherence increased with duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) (OR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.03–1.22), lack of insight only for the dimension ‘effect of medication’ (OR = 3.23, 95%CI = 1.05–9.89), and a low level of therapeutic alliance (OR = 0.45, 95%CI = 0.32–0.64). Individuals prescribed atypical antipsychotic drugs were more likely to be adherent than those prescribed typical antipsychotics (OR = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.13–1.0). Conclusions: DUP, prescription of typical antipsychotics, therapeutic alliance and insight were the most important features associated with non-adherence. This study also suggests that economic factors such as the service delivery system should not be neglected in public strategies aimed at addressing problems of non-adherence in non-universal coverage health systems.
Who Cares? A Profile of People who Care for Relatives with a Mental Disorder
Authors: Pirkis Jane , Burgess Philip , Hardy Judy , Harris Meredith , Slade Tim , Johnston Amy 
Published: October 2010

Objective: To profile the Australian adults who are caring for a relative with a mental disorder. Method: Data came from the 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing 2007 (NSMHWB), a nationally representative household survey of 8841 individuals aged between 16 and 85 years. Results: Many people act as carers: 15% of the Australian adult population, or nearly 2.4 million individuals. The strongest predictors of being a carer are being female and being in a relatively older age bracket. Carers provide a range of emotional and practical supports to close relatives with a range of mental disorders, most notably high prevalence disorders. Their relatives’ health problems cause them considerable worry, anxiety and depression, and their caring role can be associated with high financial costs. Conclusions: Carers are significant stakeholders in the mental health system. Providing support for carers is crucial, particularly because their own mental health and well-being may be affected by their care-giving role. The nature of this support should take into account their large numbers, their profile and the role they perform.