bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Expression and Social Uses of Contempt in Ancient Greece
Authors: Spatharas Dimos 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter discusses the underexplored emotion of contempt in Greek antiquity by taking into account modern approaches to it. It focuses on the emotion’s “output” aspects and its relationship with disgust. It also explores the uses of contempt in social interactions, with a special emphasis on this emotion’s implications for the construction of social hierarchies. The scripts discussed in this chapter shed light on the importance of contempt for ancient politics, ethics, and, more broadly, interpersonal relationships. The last part of the chapter finds its focus in a passage from Demosthenes’s ferocious attack on Aeschines in the speech On the Crown (Dem. 18). This passage is heuristically useful because it indicates saliently how social status, aesthetic responses, and moral evaluations are enlisted in support of others’ belittlement.
The Stillness of the Sage’s Heart
Authors: Graver Margaret 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA point of similarity between early Daoism and Greco-Roman Stoicism is that they favor impassivity, or the absence of emotions from the ideal human life. Margaret Graver elucidates the Stoic conception of impassivity as presented in the first-century Roman philosopher Seneca. In Seneca’s account, even the wise experience some involuntary feelings which are emotion-like but are not real emotions. Graver contests an earlier analysis by David Machek which finds Seneca to be hostile to these feelings (often termed “pre-emotions” or propatheiai). On the contrary, they are for Seneca a welcome reminder of the sage’s humanity. The motivations of Seneca’s account are made clearer by comparison to other strands in Greco-Roman philosophy: the Cynics’ impassivity (also apatheia) and the Epicureans’ tranquility (ataraxia).
Antitrust Regulation
Authors: Zhang Angela Huyue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the three major challenges to Chinese antitrust regulation in the tech sector: governmental filtering of foreign content acting as a trade barrier, the unchecked expansion of tech giants like Alibaba and Tencent, and high market concentration leading to exclusionary practices by Big Tech. Chinese antitrust authorities, initially slow to act, have made a dramatic U-turn since the tech crackdown began in late 2020. This led to significant institutional changes, including the elevation of the SAMR’s antitrust bureau to vice-ministerial status and the facilitation of the Anti-Monopoly Law (AML) amendment, thereby increasing punitive power and enforcement discretion. The intensification of enforcement had waned by 2022, yet interdepartmental rivalry within the SAMR continues to stimulate diverse anti-monopoly strategies, shaping the future of Chinese antitrust regulation.
Platforms as Quasi-Regulators
Authors: Zhang Angela Huyue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores how Chinese online platforms self-regulate in the shadow of the dynamic pyramid model of regulation. As consumers rarely resort to public institutions due to their small-value claims, platforms become de facto regulators, enforcing internal rules through various sanctioning mechanisms. Platforms leverage reputation systems, sometimes tolerating fake promotional reviews, to mitigate information asymmetry and boost user engagement. However, this also creates more conflicts, pushing platforms to improve their dispute-resolution systems. While some platforms have substantial resources for enforcing rules, others lean on state support when their punitive actions lack a legal basis or implementation capacity. This co-regulation with the judiciary aids the growth of the Chinese platform economy, acting as a “helping hand” and lending credibility to platforms’ self-regulation, contrasting with the “grabbing hand” tendency of public regulation.
Decentralizing Platform Governance
Authors: Zhang Angela Huyue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter discusses how Chinese online platforms, driven by insecurity about government intervention and rampant market fraud, are decentralizing governance to diffuse platform-induced tensions. Alibaba, the forerunner in this decentralization, introduced a crowd-judging mechanism that encourages user participation in rule making and dispute resolution. Following this trend, numerous e-commerce, social media, and ride-hailing platforms have implemented similar legal schemes. This chapter illustrates that crowd-judging enhances efficiency in dispute resolution, improves procedural justice, and aids platforms in understanding community standards. China’s unique approach to platform decentralization showcases the power of user-generated justice in governing the digital economy. Interestingly, it also reveals that authoritarian state regulation can paradoxically stimulate more democratic, engaged platform self-regulation.
Is China Exceptional?
Authors: Zhang Angela Huyue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter delves into the evolving legal landscapes of the United States and the European Union concerning antitrust, data, and labor regulation. This comparative analysis reveals that China is, in fact, a late arrival in reigning in Big Tech, with many of its regulatory measures mirroring those of its Western counterparts. The understanding of global regulatory trends also sheds light on the future direction of Chinese legal developments. First, there is regulatory interdependence between nations. For instance, in response to the trend of aggressive assertions of data sovereignty in Western jurisdictions, China has increasingly used data outflow control as a negotiation tool with other countries. Second, the global drive to regulate Big Tech could exert strong spillover effects in China. Dynamic legal developments overseas could provide persuasive arguments for interest groups to push for more stringent regulation, even despite the easing of tech regulation since early 2022.
Regulating Generative AI
Authors: Zhang Angela Huyue 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter provides measured predictions about the future of tech governance in China. As China rallies societal efforts to foster the advancement of hard tech, it raises a profound question regarding the future trajectory of Chinese tech regulation. To navigate this issue, it probes into China’s recent foray into regulating generative artificial intelligence (AI). Applying the dynamic pyramid model of regulation, it scrutinizes the motives and conduct of the key players involved in the regulatory process. It proposes that the Chinese government is unlikely to adopt a stringent stance that could obstruct the progression of its AI industry. Instead, it predicts that regulatory attention will primarily concentrate on information and content control, aiming to mitigate threats to political stability. Thus, even though the government is introducing strict measures to regulate generative AI, Chinese tech companies still have significant leeway to innovate and prosper within the sector.
How to Involve Civil Society in Grey Zone Defence
Authors: Braw Elisabeth 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Grey zone aggression is extremely difficult to predict. This makes it challenging to design deterrence-by-punishment measures for it, which renders deterrence by denial even more important than it is in defence against traditional military aggression. Given that the grey zone aggression stretches across the breadth of society, deterrence by denial has to do the same. This means involving all of society: the private sector and citizens alike. Such a whole-of-society approach is not a novel concept. It is used in wars and during the Cold War, Sweden in particular built phenomenally sophisticated total defence involving the whole of society. The post-Cold War West does, however, not have a single country with full-fledged whole-of-society involvement in grey zone defence. This chapter outlines the need for whole-of-society involvement, current initiatives, and other ways in which Western governments could involve the breadth of their societies without resorting to force.
Racialization, Language Science, and Nineteenth-Century Anthropometrics
Authors: Thomas Margaret 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
French surgeon and physical anthropologist Paul Broca (1824–1880) is remembered in linguistics for his insight into localization of language in the human brain, in that he demonstrated an association between damage to the left frontal lobe and a specific variety of aphasia. Less acknowledged is that Broca’s work overall—including his studies of aphasia, and his lesser-known publications on human olfaction and on ethnic hybridity in the French population—was shaped by ideological assumptions about the superiority of humans over animals, men over women, and a commitment to a racial hierarchy that presupposed the supremacy of whites. Those assumptions went unquestioned by Broca and his contemporaries, but should be reincorporated into his modern reputation. The chapter closes with a meditation on the difficult but urgent necessity, on moral as on scientific grounds, of identifying and confronting our research assumptions which, like Broca, are taken for granted.
We Like the Idea of You But Not the Reality of You
Authors: Medina Nicté Fuller 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As a field that emerged in the context of coloniality, extractivism is built into linguistics. Language is seen as extractible from people and context and thus routinely removed from marginalized communities for the enrichment of smaller, more powerful groups. This chapter highlights two methodological issues which fallout from the extractivist nature of linguistics research: the idealization of the vernacular and the positioning of native speakers as data brokers, both of which lead to narrow science and have negative material consequences for communities and minoritized scholars. As a way of disrupting these colonial ideations and practices, the author proposes shifts in thinking, making alternative paths possible, followed by direct actions. By way of illustration, the author discusses her own reframing of linguistic research and the direct actions she takes working with research assistants as whole scholars and in the repatriation and restitution of legacy data to communities.
From Gatekeeping to Inclusion in the Introductory Linguistics Curriculum
Authors: Arnold Lynnette 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In the deeply colonial field of linguistics, teaching is a vital component of decolonization. Pedagogical efforts can destabilize the normative canon and train diverse future linguists in new ways of studying language. The power of pedagogy is particularly clear in introductory classes, and this chapter suggests that incorporating a focus on race and language is vital for creating introductory courses that center the experiences of students of color. The author analyzes her experience implementing a raciolinguistic introductory curriculum as a white instructor teaching at a predominantly white institution. She evaluates curricular impact through a comparative analysis of student responses in two demographically different sections: one section was made up of students of color, while the other section was majority white. The author openly discusses her mistakes, engaging with these shortcomings to argue that decolonial teaching must ultimately include deep internal work as well as structural efforts within our institutions and the field. En la disciplina de lingüística, la enseñanza es un componente vital de la descolonización. Hay esfuerzos pedagógicos que pueden desestabilizar el canon normativo y formar a una diversidad de futuras lingüistas en nuevas formas de estudiar el lenguaje. El poder de la pedagogía resulta particularmente evidente en las clases de nivel introductorio, y en este capítulo se sugiere que la incorporación de un enfoque que combine raza y lengua es importante para crear cursos introductorios que se centren en las experiencias de los estudiantes de color. La autora analiza su experiencia en implementar un currículo raciolingüístico como una instructora blanca que enseña clases introductorias en una Universidad Predominantemente Blanca. Evalúa el impacto curricular por medio de un análisis comparativo de las respuestas de los estudiantes en dos secciones del curso con demografías muy distintas: una sección estuvo formada por estudiantes de color mientras que la otra fue mayoritariamente blanca. La autora comenta abiertamente sobre sus errores, argumentando con la perspectiva de que la enseñanza decolonial debe incluir un trabajo interno muy profundo en combinación con esfuerzos estructurales en nuestras instituciones y en el campo de estudio.
Decolonising Methodologies Through Collaboration
Authors: Chetty Rajendra , Gibson Hannah , Reilly Colin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this chapter we provide a reflective account of our experiences as scholars based in the UK and South Africa, of working in international academic partnerships. We ask: What can we as individuals do to work towards decolonial international research partnerships? What can the institutions at which we are based do to facilitate more equitable and decolonial research partnerships between ‘North’ and ‘South’ contexts? What is the role of funding and funders in supporting these international research collaborations, particularly in light of historical and continued inequitable power relations? We explore issues relating to power and equity in academic collaboration through providing personal accounts of research partnerships with which we have each been associated. We focus mainly on issues surrounding funding and the challenges which can emerge from Eurocentric funding models. We conclude with points for reflection on how we can move towards effective, decolonial partnerships. Kwesi sahluko sinikezela ngocamngco lwengxelo ebonakalisa amava ethu njengengcali kwezemfundo ezihlala e-UK naseMzantsi Afrika zisebenzisana kubuhlakani bezemfundo zamazwe ngamazwe (kwi-international academic partnership. Sigxile ekubuzeni imibuzo ethi, angenza ntoni umntu ngamnye ekuphumezeni ubudlelwane bophando lwe- decolonial lwezizwe ngezizwe olujoliswe kwi-decolonial? Angenza ntono amaziko enizinze kuwo ukuququzelela ubudlelwane bophando olulunganayo ne-decolinial ejolise kwimeko yase ‘Mantla’ ‘naseMzantsi’. Ithini indima yenkxaso-mali nabaxhasi ekuxhaseni intsebenziswano zophando olwenziwa ngamazwe ngamazwe ingakumbi ngokubhekiselele kwimbali yombanjululo kunye nobudlelwane obusaqhubekekayo bokungalingani? Siphonononga imeko ezingqamelene. Siphonononga imiba enxulumene namandla nokulingana ngentsebenziswano kwezemfundo ngokuthi umntu ngamnye anike ingxelo ngokwamanqanaba ophando ayanyaniswe nalo. Sijolise ikakhulu kwimiba ephathelele kwimiba ephathelele kwinkxaso-mali nemiceli mingeni enokuthi ivele kwimodeli yenkxaso mali e- Eurocentric. Siqukumbela ngamanqaku okucamngca ngendlela esebenzayo yokuqhubela phambili ubudlelwane be-decolonialsm.
Prioritizing Community Partners’ Goals in Projects to Support Indigenous Language Revitalization
Authors: Riestenberg Katherine J. , Freemond Ally , Lillehaugen Brook Danielle , Washington Jonathan N. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Published work on community-based or participatory research with Indigenous languages tends to focus on balancing community members’ goals with outside researchers’ academic goals. However, because inherent contradictions exist between the realities of the academy and the priorities of communities, attempts at achieving this balance rarely result in work that is truly community-based. This chapter describes two Indigenous language revitalization projects that aimed to prioritize community partners’ goals rather than outcomes set by outside academic researchers. The authors offer a set of reflections based on the results of surveys conducted with the community members and students who participated in the projects. They discuss the roles of financial resources, institutional motivations, employment, and long-term connections between academic faculty and community activists in carrying out community-based work.
The AI Mirror
Authors: Vallor Shannon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies spark hope for a future in which human limits and frailties are finally overcome—not by us, but by our machines. Yet rather than open new futures, today’s powerful AI technologies reproduce the past. Forged from oceans of our data into immensely powerful and useful but deeply flawed mirrors, they reflect the same errors, biases, and failures of wisdom that we are striving to escape. Our new digital mirrors point backward. They show where our data say that we have already been, never where we might venture together for the first time. To meet today’s grave challenges to our species and our planet, we will need something new from AI, and from ourselves. This book makes a case for what AI could be: a way to reclaim our human potential for moral and intellectual growth, rather than lose ourselves in mirrors of the past. Rejecting prophecies of doom, the book encourages readers to pursue technology that helps them recover their sense of the possible, and with it the confidence and courage to repair a broken world. The book calls readers to rethink what AI is and can be, and what they want to be with it.
Agile Workforce Planning
Authors: Gibson Adam , Oldroyd Nicola 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Since its inception in 2017, agile workforce planning has rapidly developed as a leading practice to respond to the challenges of workforce planning in the real world. It is designed to be applicable in all businesses, in all industry sectors, and across all planning horizons. This chapter summarizes the agile workforce planning methodology for new and existing workforce planning practitioners. The chapter highlights the limitations of traditional approaches, lays out the principles of the approach, and steps through the methodology using multipart business case studies. Throughout the chapter, specific callouts are made to the experiences of a new practitioner in the workforce planning field.
Enabling Strategic Workforce Planning Through Skills, Artificial Intelligence, and Internal Talent Marketplace
Authors: Heger Brian 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter explores the use of artificial intelligence (AI), skills, and internal talent marketplace (ITM) technology in strategic workforce planning. The author presents findings from a pilot study conducted at Bristol-Myers Squibb that focused on the evaluation of ITM technologies and their usefulness in informing workforce planning. The study demonstrates the potential of skills-based ITM platforms in inferring employee skills and using the resulting data to inform workforce planning. However, successful implementation of ITM requires addressing barriers and challenges. The chapter highlights key takeaways and offers recommendations for practitioners seeking to leverage AI-based ITMs for strategic workforce planning in their organizations.
Orienting Reason
Authors: Stepien Rafal K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChapter 1 applies the insights broached in the Introduction directly to the study of Nāgārjuna. This chapter focuses on the vexed question of the rationality—or irrationality—of Nāgārjuna’s thought and brings to light the theoretical underpinnings of the hermeneutical project predominant among present-day scholars, which is to actively overlook the religious motivation of Nāgārjuna’s arguments. While this project has typically been pursued in an apologetic effort to justify Nāgārjuna as truly worthy of the title ‘philosopher’, to mainstream (Western) philosophers, it has also had the effect among some scholars of dismissing him as insufficiently philosophical. Regardless of the glowing or dim light in which he is thereby cast, Nāgārjuna is appraised according to exclusively philosophical criteria. This chapter is aimed at elucidating and problematizing this approach as at best tangential to and at worst seriously distortive of Nāgārjuna’s thought as a whole.
Beyond the distributive economics and politics of the welfare state
Authors: Hemerijck Anton , Matsaganis Manos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In Chapter 2, we take stock of how, since the 1980s, many economists, political scientists, and sociologists studying the welfare state have gradually come to view social policy in terms of redistributive economics and politics. For the founding fathers, including J.M. Keynes and W.H. Beveridge, the modern welfare state held out a promise of full employment (admittedly for men), basic income security, access to good quality health care, and widening educational opportunities. For our theoretical perspective, we return to this earlier tradition, however, by adding the family gender dimension. As women have entered the labour market en masse, the relationship between families, markets, and state-level policies, has changed in a transformative fashiond. We view social policy in terms of three complementary social investment functions: buffers, flows, and stocks. New evidence suggests that the quality of social investment positively affects long-term growth by raising employment and improving productivity by enhancing people’s capabilities to ex ante resolve the gendered social risks of post-industrial societies, whilst ensuring the high levels of employment of both men and women needed to sustain popular welfare states.
Social Europe in a bind, again?
Authors: Corti Francesco , Hemerijck Anton 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This chapter covers the evolution of the EU social agenda in the wake of the Great Recession in three periods: ‘conservative reflex’ (2009–2012), ‘paradigm contestation and social crisis acknowledgement’ (2013–2014), and ‘Social Europe resurgence’ (2015–2019). From 2010, low growth, high unemployment, and falling investments, together with deepening poverty and social exclusion—especially in countries adversely affected by the eurozone crisis—triggered a search process as to how the EU can reliably support inclusive welfare provision across member states. The weakening of the ‘expansionary austerity’ paradigm gave new impetus to social Europe, from the launch of the Social Investment Package (SIP) in 2013 up to the endorsement of the European Pillar of Social Rights (EPSR) in 2017. The commitment of the commission president, Ursula von der Leyen, to an ambitious social agenda, against the background of the Covid-19 pandemic, seems to have codified the resurgence of Social Europe.
Towards a social compass for inclusive and sustainable growth
Authors: Hemerijck Anton , Matsaganis Manos 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this chapter we assert that the welfare state’s resilience stems from its contribution to prosperity: successful market economies and liberal democracies cannot perform without effective welfare states. Received opinion has not yet fully acknowledged this fact. Like Third International spokesmen in the 1930s confidently announcing the imminent end of capitalism, many have predicted the welfare state’s demise. Half a century on, the welfare state is in rude health. Putin’s attack on Ukraine has, if anything, strengthened European solidarity. We now enter a post-neoliberal world. The notion that the EU can advance as a mere project of market integration is being abandoned. The new social compass requires a macroeconomic policy environment that allows all national economies to prosper; sustained investment in the health and skills of Europeans, on which future prosperity relies; and a shared appreciation that a robust welfare state is the secret to Europe’s success.