bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body image concern and demographic characteristics as predictors of anxiety in adolescent girls
Authors: Nazmi Sana , Nikbakht Hossein-Ali , Behmanesh Fereshteh , Gholamnia-Shirvani Zeinab , Azizi Alireza 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Adolescence is a critical and sensitive period of growth, marked by significant physical and psychological changes. During this time, adolescents often experience increased anxiety and concerns about their body image. This study aims to examine body image concern and demographic characteristics as predictors of anxiety in adolescent girls.

Methods
This cross-sectional study included 381 female students aged 12–13 from Babol city. The participants were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. Multi-stage sampling method was employed, and the samples were selected from six middle schools. The data collection tools consisted of a demographic information questionnaire, Littleton’s body image concern scale, and Zung’s anxiety scale.

Results
The mean score for body image concern was 16.59±44.82, while the mean score for anxiety was 10.53±37.31. When investigating the relationship between body image concern and anxiety, a significant and positive correlation between these two variables was observed during regression analysis (p<0.001). Both univariate and multivariate regression analyses indicated that for every one-unit increase in students’ body image concern score, their overall anxiety score increased by an average of 0.34 units in both models (B: 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.29–0.39) (p<0.001). Additionally, in univariate regression analyses students who received puberty information from sources other than their mother exhibited 2.68 units higher anxiety levels, which was statistically significant (B: 2.68, 95 % CI: 0.38–4.98) (p<0.001) and, concerning the preferred source of information, students who favored a non-mother source experienced 3.91 units increase in their anxiety score (B: 3.91, 95 % CI: 1.74–6.08) (p<0.001). The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that with the presence of all independent variables in the model, 30 % of the dependent variable changes can be predicted (explained) (R

2
=0.302).

Conclusions
The findings indicated a positive association between body image concerns and anxiety among students. Moreover, students who relied on sources other than their mother for obtaining information about puberty displayed higher levels of anxiety. Consequently, it is imperative to implement preventive and supportive programs targeting adolescents as well as empowering mothers to effectively deal with these issues.
The cognitive-emotional dialectics in second language development: speech and co-speech gestures of Chinese learners of English
Authors: Tian Lixian , McCafferty Steven G. , Zhu Man 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study examines the cognitive-emotional dialectics of Chinese learners of English in terms of both speech and co-speech gestures in their second language development within the lens of Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory. This qualitative study focuses on Chinese learners of English in different learning contexts and analyzes data from interviews and emotional narrative tasks in the English learning experience. Overall findings showed that learners’ emotion and cognition interacted in different learning contexts, and speech and co-speech gestures worked to influence the cognition-emotion dialectics in participant’s perezhivanie. This study implies the inextricable unity of emotion and cognition in second language development, and emphasizes the role of speech and co-speech gestures in shaping second language learners’ perezhivaniya.
Converting a symmetrical Gaussian beam into a thin tunable light sheet
Authors: Foroughipour Seyed Meraaj , Becker Klaus , Foroughipour Massih , Ghaffari Tabrizi-Wizsy Nassim , Sarem Nika , Fuchssteiner Christoph , Saghafi Saiedeh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate the performance of axial-conical lenses, commonly referred to as Powell lenses, featuring varying fan angles of 5°, 7.5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°. Our objective is to evaluate their suitability for designing a light sheet generator tailored for fluorescence light-sheet microscopy of large samples. Our results indicate that Powell lenses with fan angles of 5° and 7.5° when integrated with additional aspheric components, exhibit optimal characteristics for this application. Specifically, employing a Powell lens with a 7.5° fan angle and 0.2 mm roundness at the tip facilitates the generation of a light sheet ideal for illuminating samples within a size range of 2,000 µm–15,000 µm. To validate the practicality of our optical design for real-world imaging tasks, we conducted imaging experiments on chicken embryos aged between 3 and 7 days. Our light-sheet microscopy system successfully captured intricate structural details, particularly highlighting the ongoing differentiation of the inner anatomy of these specimens. This approach has a high potential to improve the screening of pharmaceutical drugs acting on the vascularization of the chorioallantois membrane (CAM), a technique that is widely used in pharmaceutical research.
Influence of Blood Flow Restriction on Neuromuscular Function and Fatigue During Forearm Flexion in Men
Authors: Montgomery Tony R. , Olmos Alex , Sears Kylie N. , Succi Pasquale J. , Hammer Shane M. , Bergstrom Haley C. , Hill Ethan C. , Trevino Michael A. , Dinyer-McNeely Taylor K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Montgomery, TR Jr, Olmos, A, Sears, KN, Succi, PJ, Hammer, SM, Bergstrom, HC, Hill, EC, Trevino, MA, and Dinyer-McNeely, TK. Influence of blood flow restriction on neuromuscular function and fatigue during forearm flexion in men. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): e349–e358, 2024—To determine the effects of blood flow restriction (BFR) on the mean firing rate (MFR) and motor unit action potential amplitude (MUAPAMP) vs. recruitment threshold (RT) relationships during fatiguing isometric elbow flexions. Ten men (24.5 ± 4.0 years) performed isometric trapezoidal contractions at 50% maximum voluntary contraction to task failure with or without BFR, on 2 separate days. For BFR, a cuff was inflated to 60% of the pressure required for full brachial artery occlusion at rest. During both visits, surface electromyography was recorded from the biceps brachii of the dominant limb and the signal was decomposed. A paired-samples t test was used to determine the number of repetitions completed between BFR and CON. ANOVAs (repetition [first, last] × condition [BFR, CON]) were used to determine differences in MFR vs. RT and MUAPAMP vs. RT relationships. Subjects completed more repetitions during CON (12 ± 4) than BFR (9 ± 2; p = 0.012). There was no significant interaction (p > 0.05) between the slopes and y-intercepts during the repetition × condition interaction for MUAPAMP vs. MFR. However, there was a main effect of repetition for the slopes of the MUAPAMP vs. RT (p = 0.041) but not the y-intercept (p = 0.964). Post hoc analysis (collapsed across condition) indicated that the slopes of the MUAPAMP vs. RT during the first repetition was less than the last repetition (first: 0.022 ± 0.003 mv/%MVC; last: 0.028 ± 0.004 mv/%MVC; p = 0.041). Blood flow restriction resulted in the same amount of higher threshold MU recruitment in approximately 75% of the repetitions. Furthermore, there was no change in MFR for either condition, even when taken to task failure. Thus, BFR training may create similar MU responses with less total work completed than training without BFR.
Countermovement Jump and Momentum Generation Associations to Fastball Velocity Performance Among Division I Collegiate Pitchers
Authors: Sakurai Motoki , Qiao Mu , Szymanski David J. , Crotin Ryan L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Sakurai, M, Qiao, M, Szymanski, DJ, and Crotin, RL. Countermovement jump and momentum generation associations to fastball velocity performance among Division I collegiate pitchers. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1288–1294, 2024—The current study explored the relationships between countermovement jump (CMJ) profiles and baseball pitching performance. Nineteen Division I collegiate pitchers performed in-laboratory pitching and bilateral CMJs. Whole-body kinematics and ground reaction force were collected during both pitching and CMJ evaluations. Statistically significant correlations of concentric impulse and peak power in the CMJ test with fastball velocity were observed (r = 0.71 and 0.68). Concentric impulse in CMJ also showed a statistically significant correlation with linear momentum in the anterior-posterior direction during pitching (r = 0.68). Lean body mass and body mass showed statistically significant correlations with both of the 2 linear momentums during pitching (r = 0.71∼0.83), and concentric impulse in CMJ (r = 0.71 and 0.81). Pelvis and trunk pitching mechanics did not correlate with any of the CMJ variables at the statistically significant level, whereas the direction of the correlations varied (|r| < 0.45). Assessment of a baseball pitcher's CMJ should focus on concentric impulse and peak power because only these showed meaningful relationships with fastball velocity or momentum generation during pitching. An increase in lean body mass is also suggested to be able to generate more impulse and momentum. Baseball coaches, strength coaches, and clinicians are encouraged to include lower-body explosive training to enhance the force and power output capacity of baseball pitchers.
Effects of Plyometric Training Volume on Physical Performance in Youth Basketball Players
Authors: Aztarain-Cardiel Kike , Garatachea Nuria , Pareja-Blanco Fernando 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Aztarain-Cardiel, K, Garatachea, N, and Pareja-Blanco, F. Effects of plyometric training volume on physical performance in youth basketball players. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1275–1279, 2024—The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of different plyometric training volumes on jumping, sprinting, and change-of-direction performances in youth basketball players. Thirty-one young male basketball players (age: 15.1 ± 1.8 years) from 4 squads belonging to an elite basketball club were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (a) low-volume (LV) plyometric training, (b) high-volume (HV) plyometric training, and (c) control group (CG). The subjects followed a plyometric training program twice a week for 6 weeks, differing in the training volume controlled through the number of jumps per session. Both experimental groups performed 8 repetitions in each set of bilateral vertical jumps with free arms, but HV completed twice the training volume of LV (98.7 vs. 49.3 jumps per session). Pretraining and Posttraining measurements included the following: (a) squat jump (SJ); (b) countermovement jump (CMJ); (c) horizontal jump (HJ); (d) straight-line sprint in 20 m (Sprint); and (e) V-Cut change-of-direction test (V-Cut). The LV and HV groups showed similar increases in vertical jump performance. The LV group significantly increased its performance in SJ, CMJ, and HJ (p < 0.001–0.05), whereas the HV group showed significant improvements only in SJ and CMJ (p < 0.001). Furthermore, neither group increased their sprint or change of direction performance. Control group did not improve in any performance variable analyzed. Therefore, the LV and HV plyometric training programs produce similar benefits on jump performance variables, but LV is more repetition-efficient than HV in young basketball players. This supports the statement that there is a nonlinear relationship between training volume and performance improvements.
Pool-Based Surfboard Elicits Activation of Posterior Shoulder Muscles During a Surfing Stroke
Authors: Pexa Brett S. , Johnston Chris D. , Elder Elizabeth E. , Ford Kevin R. , Patterson Matthew Q. , Myers Joseph B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pexa, BS, Johnston, CD, Elder, EE, Ford, KR, Patterson, MQ, and Myers, JB. Pool-based surfboard elicits activation of posterior shoulder muscles during a surfing stroke. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1300–1304, 2024—Surfboard paddling may activate posterior shoulder muscles, which are critical to baseball pitchers' injury risk and performance. The purpose of this study was to measure posterior shoulder muscle activation during different phases of the surf stroke (propulsion vs. recovery) on a pool-based surfboard. Twenty healthy active adult subjects completed a familiarization and testing session with the pool-based surfboard. During the testing session, electromyography (EMG) sensors were placed on 6 posterior shoulder muscles: latissimus dorsi, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid, upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and lower trapezius. Subjects completed 4 laps in a pool at 3 separate resistances (low, moderate, and heavy) in a randomized order. The peak EMG signal during each phase (propulsion and recovery) was recorded. A 2-way within subject ANOVA (resistance-by-phase) with post hoc Bonferroni’s corrections was used to identify differences in EMG activation. There was a significant main effect of phase for the latissimus dorsi (F = 91.3, p < 0.001), upper trapezius (F = 36.5, p < 0.001), middle trapezius (F = 33.8, p < 0.001), and lower trapezius (F = 21.6, p < 0.001). The latissimus dorsi demonstrated higher activation during the propulsion phase (p < 0.001), and all trapezius muscles demonstrated higher activation during the recovery phase (p < 0.001). There was a significant main effect of resistance for the posterior deltoid (F = 3.4, p = 0.043), with higher muscle activation in the low resistance trials compared with the heavy resistance trials (p = 0.036). Recreationally active individuals demonstrate activation of the posterior shoulder when using a pool-based surfboard. This pool-based surfboard may be beneficial to activate the posterior musculature and may be more accessible than standard surfing to baseball athletes.
The Acute Effects of a Preload Upper-Body Power Exercise on 50-m Freestyle Performance in Youth Swimmers
Authors: Hill Victoria , Patterson Stephen , Buckthorpe Matthew , Legg Hayley S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Hill, V, Patterson, S, Buckthorpe, M, and Legg, HS. The acute effects of a preload upper-body power exercise on 50-m freestyle performance in youth swimmers. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1295–1299, 2024—This study aimed to investigate the acute effects of a medicine ball slam and the optimal recovery time required to induce a postactivation performance enhancement (PAPE) response on 50-meter freestyle swimming performance. Twenty-four (13 female, 11 male) competitive, adolescent swimmers (mean ± SD: age, 16.7 ± 1.2 years; height, 173.3 ± 6.7 cm; mass, 63.1 ± 6.4 kg) participated in a randomized crossover study. After the PAPE intervention (3 × 5 medicine ball slams), subjects had 1-minute, 4-minute, and 8-minute recovery periods before a 50-m maximal freestyle swim. A 1-way repeated-measures ANOVA revealed that different recovery times elicited changes in 50-m performance (F = 12.12, p < 0.0005). After 4 minutes of recovery, 50-m performance was 1.6% (0.47 seconds) faster (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.17–0.77], p < 0.001). When the data were split by sex, after 4 minutes of recovery, 50-m performance was 2% (0.64 seconds) faster for women (95% CI [0.279–0.998], p < 0.001). In conclusion, an upper-body power exercise, before performance, can induce a PAPE response and enhance 50-m freestyle performance after a 4-minute recovery period.
Aerobic Training With Blood Flow Restriction on Muscle Hypertrophy and Strength: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: de Lemos Muller Carlos Henrique , Farinha Juliano B. , Leal-Menezes Rodrigo , Ramis Thiago R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
de Lemos Muller, CH, Farinha, JB, Leal-Menezes, R, and Ramis, TR. Aerobic training with blood flow restriction on muscle hypertrophy and strength: systematic review and meta-analysis. J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1341–1349, 2024—Integrating strength and endurance training in a single exercise session, even on separate days, can be physically demanding and time-consuming. Therefore, there is a growing interest in identifying efficient training methods that can concurrently enhance cardiovascular and neuromuscular performance through a singular training modality. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the effects of aerobic training with blood flow restriction (AT + BFR) on muscle hypertrophy and strength gains in healthy individuals. Our study was registered at PROSPERO and used multiple databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science), seeking clinical trials that examined AT + BFR influence on muscle hypertrophy and strength gains in individuals aged 18–60 years and comparing with aerobic training without BFR. The risk of bias and method quality were assessed using the ROB2.0 tool and PEDro scale, respectively, and the quality of evidence was evaluated with the GRADE method. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, and standardized mean difference (SMD) was calculated for each outcome. Of 4,462 records, 29 full texts were assessed for eligibility, with 7 articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that AT + BFR was more beneficial for inducing muscle hypertrophy than aerobic training without BFR (SMD [95% CI] = 0.86 [0.37–1.35]; I2 = 42%). Furthermore, AT + BFR was associated with greater improvements in muscle strength (SMD [95% CI] = 0.41 [0.10–0.72]; I2 = 0%). Despite the generally high risk of bias for both outcomes, these encouraging findings underscore the clinical significance of AT + BFR as a compelling tool for enhancing neuromuscular parameters.
Can the Velocity of a 1RM Hang Power Clean Be Used to Estimate a 1RM Hang High Pull?
Authors: Suchomel Timothy J. , Techmanski Baylee S. , Kissick Cameron R. , Comfort Paul 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Suchomel, TJ, Techmanski, BS, Kissick, CR, and Comfort, P. Can the velocity of a 1RM hang power clean be used to estimate a 1RM hang high pull? J Strength Cond Res 38(7): 1321–1325, 2024—The purpose of this study was to estimate the 1-repetition maximum hang high pull (1RM HHP) using the peak barbell velocity of a 1RM hang power clean (HPC). Fifteen resistance-trained men (age = 25.5 ± 4.5 years, body mass = 88.3 ± 15.4 kg, height = 176.1 ± 8.5 cm, relative 1RM HPC = 1.3 ± 0.2 kg·kg−1) with previous HPC experience participated in 2 testing sessions that included performing a 1RM HPC and HHP repetitions with 20, 40, 60, and 80% of their 1RM HPC. Peak barbell velocity was measured using a linear position transducer during the 1RM HPC and HHP repetitions performed at each load. The peak barbell velocity achieved during the 1RM HPC was determined as the criterion value for a 1RM performance. Subject-specific linear regression analyses were completed using slope-intercept equations created from the peak velocity of the 1RM HPC and the peak barbell velocities produced at each load during the HHP repetitions. The peak barbell velocity during the 1RM HPC was 1.74 ± 0.30 m·s−1. The average load-velocity profile showed that the estimated 1RM HHP of the subjects was 98.0 ± 19.3% of the 1RM HPC. Although a 1RM HHP value may be estimated using the peak barbell velocity during the HPC, strength and conditioning practitioners should avoid this method because of the considerable variation within the measurement. Additional research examining different methods of load prescription for weightlifting pulling derivatives is needed.
The role of [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT in diagnostic and prognostic assessment of medullary thyroid cancer: a 15-year experience with 109 patients
Authors: Zhang Zhaoqi , Yu Josef , Rainer Eva , Hargitai Lindsay , Jiang Zewen , Karanikas Georgios , Traub-Weidinger Tatjana , Crevenna Richard , Hacker Marcus , Li Shuren 
Published: June 2024

Objective
Correct diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) are crucial to treat patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT in patients with MTC.

Methods
We reviewed MTC patients who underwent [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT from June 2008 to November 2023. Clinical characteristics, follow-up data, and the following [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT parameters were recorded: maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and SUVmean of multiple organs. The diagnostic value of PET/CT for the detection of tumor lesions was calculated. Serum basal calcitonin (bCt) and stimulated calcitonin (sCt) were determined. Receiver operating characteristics, Kaplan–Meier, and Cox regression analyses were performed.

Results
In total, 109 patients (50 women, 59 men; average age, 55 ± 14 years) were included in the analysis. The patient-related sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT were 95%, 93%, and 94%, respectively. The lesion-related sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 65%, 99%, and 72%, respectively. The optimal cutoff values of bCt, sCt, and CEA to obtain positive [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT results were 64 pg/mL, 1808 pg/mL, and 4 µg/L, respectively. Patients with negative [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT had longer overall survival than patients with positive [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT results (P = 0.017). Significant positive correlations were found between bCt, sCt, and CEA with SUVmax, SUVmean, and MTV of [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT (P < 0.001). [18F]F-DOPA PET/CT results and MTV may be useful for the evaluation of the prognosis of patients with recurrent MTC, while age and MTV were independent prognostic factors in patients with primary MTC. For all patients, SUVmean of the left kidney, liver, aorta, and pancreas might be used to independently predict OS.

Conclusion
[18F]F-DOPA PET/CT had great value for diagnosis and prognostic assessment in patients with MTC. The DOPA PET/CT parameter SUVmean and MTV showed significant association with OS.
ВПЛИВ ПЛАТЕЖІВ ЗА ДЕРЖАВНИМ БОРГОМ НА ПРОГНОЗНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ БЮДЖЕТНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ДЕРЖАВИ
Authors: Посаднєва О. М. , Березинська М. О. 
Published: June 2024

У статті досліджено проблему нагромадження державного боргу України, вказані причини зростання його обсягів, наголошено на погіршенні боргової ситуації у зв’язку з військовими діями на території країни. При написанні статті використовувалися методи аналізу і синтезу, метод узагальнень та статистичні методи. У роботі розглянуто основні чинники, які спричинили зростання боргу. Проаналізовано вплив витрат з обслуговування державного боргу на показники Державного бюджету України. Наголошено на нерівномірності витрат з державного бюджету на погашення та обслуговування державного боргу за останні десять років. Для оцінки рівня бюджетної безпеки держави у майбутньому наведено прогнозні дані щодо зростання основних макроекономічних показників на найближчі три роки. Висвітлено прогноз зростання ВВП на найближчі три роки, прогнозні показники доходів державного бюджету. Використано коефіцієнт еластичності для розрахунку прогнозних значень доходів Зведеного бюджету України. Показано реальне та прогнозне співвідношення обсягу сукупних платежів з обслуговування та погашення державного боргу і доходів Державно­го бюджету України. Оцінено можливості скорочення дефіциту бюджету на сучасному етапі розвитку вітчизняної економіки. Описано чотири основних індикатори бюджетної безпеки держави. Здійснено аналіз індикаторів бюджетної безпеки України за останні десять років. Наголошено на різкому погіршені показників бюджетної безпеки у 2022 та 2023 роках через війну на території України. Зроблено акцент на індикаторі відношення обсягу сукупних платежів з обслуговування та погашення державного боргу до доходів державного бюджету як на такому, що мав найгірші показники за увесь досліджуваний період. Здійснено прогноз індикаторів бюджетної безпеки держави на найближчі три роки. Проаналізовано основні тенденції щодо кожного з індикаторів. У роботі зауважено, що більшість індикаторів бюджетної безпеки мають позитивні тенденції змін у середньостроковій перспективі. Наголошено, що прогноз на 2024 рік має найгірші показники бюджетної безпеки через значний обсяг запланованих платежів по державному боргу. Зроблено висновки щодо перспектив бюджетної безпеки України. Надано рекомендації щодо проведення боргової політики у майбутньому.