bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
No further increase in the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in Sweden
Authors: Lagergren Jesper , Mattsson Fredrik 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSince 1970, the incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has increased rapidly in Western populations, whereas the incidences of gastric cardia and gastric non‐cardia adenocarcinoma have increased moderately and declined, respectively. The Swedish Cancer Register and Total Population Register provided opportunities for a valid update of incidence trends of these tumors including the year 2008. Joinpoint regression was used to assess any shifts in trends with calendar time. The esophageal adenocarcinoma incidence reached a peak in 2005, and then showed a decrease. During the period 2001–2008, the joinpoint regression analysis indicates a virtually stable incidence (annual percentage increase 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] −2.7 to 5.1). The cardia adenocarcinoma incidence has slightly decreased after 1990 (annual percentage decrease −1.0, 95% CI −1.6 to −0.3). The decreasing incidence of gastric non‐cardia adenocarcinoma has continued steadily during recent years (annual percentage decrease −4.9 (95% CI −5.2 to −4.7). Thus, an encouraging break in the rising incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma has been seen in Sweden since 2005, whereas the corresponding incidences of gastric cardia and non‐cardia adenocarcinoma have been stable and decreasing, respectively.
Preconditioning chemotherapy with paclitaxel and cisplatin enhances the antitumor activity of cytokine induced‐killer cells in a murine lung carcinoma model
Authors: Huang Xiang , Huang Guichun , Song Haizhu , Chen Longbang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAdoptive cell therapy involving the use of ex vivo generated cytokine‐induced killer cells (CIKs) provides a promising approach to immunotherapy. However, the therapeutic activity of CIKs is limited by the immunosuppressive factors active in the host. It has become increasingly apparent that manipulation of the recipient immune system with the preconditioning regimen is essential to guarantee the antitumor effect of subsequent adoptive cell therapy. In our study, paclitaxel (PTX) and cisplatin (DDP) were used as preconditioning drugs combined with CIKs to illustrate the potential mechanisms underlying the synergic antitumor effect against Lewis lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that 3LL cells displayed an increased sensitization to CIKs‐induced lysis after treatment with PTX or DDP in vitro. Significant inhibition of tumor growth was observed in mice treated with combinatorial chemo‐immunotherapy with respect to untreated or single regimen treated ones. Prior chemotherapy markedly enhanced the intratumoral accumulation of CD3+ T lymphocytes and the homing of CIKs to the spleen and tumor. Moreover, the frequencies of intratumoral and splenic regulatory T cells (Tregs) were significantly decreased after chemotherapy pretreatment. Our findings provide a new rationale for combining immunotherapy and chemotherapy to induce a synergistic antitumor response in patients with lung cancer.
Immunomodulatory IL‐18 binding protein is produced by prostate cancer cells and its levels in urine and serum correlate with tumor status
Authors: Fujita Kazutoshi , Ewing Charles M. , Isaacs William B. , Pavlovich Christian P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractCytokines may play a role in the initiation and progression of prostate cancer. A cytokine antibody array was previously applied to prostatic fluid obtained from patients with prostate cancer, and interleukin 18 binding protein (IL‐18BP), a potent inhibitor of interleukin 18, was noted to be significantly upregulated in cases with large volume disease. We sought to further characterize the association of IL‐18BP with prostate cancer and determine whether IL‐18BP levels in patient serum and urine samples had clinical relevance. IL‐18BP was expressed and secreted by the prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and PC3 but not by LNCaP and CWR22, upon interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) stimulation. IFN‐γ‐induced secretion of IL‐18BP was enhanced by added TNF‐α, IFN‐α and IFN‐β. The IL‐18BP secreted from DU145 and PC3 functionally inhibited IL‐18. Immunohistochemical analyses showed positive IL‐18BP staining in prostate cancer cells as well as in macrophages in radical prostatectomy specimens. Significant differences in urinary IL‐18BP levels (normalized by total protein) collected post‐DRE were found between cases with and without cancer on biopsy (p = 0.02) and serum IL‐18BP levels correlated with Gleason score (p = 0.03). Our finding of elevated IL‐18BP secretion from prostate cancer cells suggests an attempt by cancer to escape immune surveillance. IL‐18BP merits further study as a marker of aggressive prostate cancer and as a therapeutic target.
NUTRIENT DISTRIBUTION, GROWTH, AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY IN MAIZE FOLLOWING WINTER WHEAT IRRIGATED BY SPRINKLERS OR SURFACE IRRIGATION
Authors: Lv Guohua , Kang Yaohu , Li Lan , Liu Shiping 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTThe pattern of distribution of nutrients in maize varied with the method of irrigation used for winter wheat. The major nutrient uptake zone was concentrated closer to the soil surface in fields irrigated with sprinklers than in surface‐irrigated fields, especially in dry years, which lowered the amounts of available soil N and P. Maximum values for plant height, leaf area index, and grain yield were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in surface‐irrigated fields when water was supplied in large quantity. When supplied in small quantity, the difference between the irrigation methods was reduced because of the wet and rainy weather during the growing season of winter wheat. The amount of water held in the soil profile was greater, and deep percolation minimal, in sprinkler‐irrigated fields, which could lower the amount of soil N lost from leaching. Water use efficiency (WUE) was higher in surface‐irrigated fields. These observations suggest that to maximize grain yield of winter wheat and maize, fertilizer application to maize in sprinkler‐irrigated fields should change correspondingly. The management of the succeeding crop should thus reflect the irrigation method used for the preceding crop in order to obtain the highest yield. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aqueous phase synthesis of CdTe quantum dots for biophotonics
Authors: Yong Ken‐Tye , Law Wing‐Cheung , Roy Indrajit , Jing Zhu , Huang Huijie , Swihart Mark T. , Prasad Paras N. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOver the past few years, CdTe quantum dots have been demonstrated as powerful probes for biophotonics applications. The aqueous phase synthesis technique remains the best approach to make high quality CdTe QDs in a single‐pot process. CdTe QDs prepared directly in the aqueous phase can have quantum yield as high as 80%. In addition, the surface of CdTe QDs prepared using the aqueous phase technique is functionalized with reactive groups that enable them to be directly conjugated with specific ligands for targeted delivery and sensing. In this contribution, we review recent progress in fabricating aqueous CdTe QDs and exploiting their optical properties in novel approaches to biomedical imaging and sensing applications. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Bone bioelectricity: What have we learned in the past 160 years?
Authors: Isaacson Brad M. , Bloebaum Roy D. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe direct relationship between bone strain and electric fields has spurred continual interest in the field of bioelectricity over the past 160 years. It has been reported that stress‐generated potentials alter cell proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion. The observation that endogenous electrical signals facilitate osteoinduction has lead to high production of electrical stimulation devices to fix bone defects. Despite the reported 100,000 nonunions healed as of 1990 with electrical stimulation, skepticism due to lack of homogeneity with trial design and dosage still exists within the scientific community. It is the purpose of this review to assess the bioelectric phenomenon of bone as it applies to piezoelectricity, fracture healing, and overall changes in bone metabolism which occur with controlled electrical stimulation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Bond strength determination of hydroxyapatite coatings on Ti‐6Al‐4V substrates using the LAser Shock Adhesion Test (LASAT)
Authors: Guipont Vincent , Jeandin Michel , Bansard Sebastien , Khor Khiam Aik , Nivard Mariette , Berthe Laurent , Cuq‐Lelandais Jean‐Paul , Boustie Michel 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn adhesion test procedure applied to plasma‐sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings to measure the “LASAT threshold” (LAser Shock Adhesion test) is described. The good repeatability and minimal discrepancy of the laser‐driven adhesion test data were ascertained for conventional plasma sprayed HA coatings. As a further demonstration, the procedure was applied to HA coatings with diverse characteristics on the ceramic/metal interface. Different preheating and grit blasting conditions and the presence of a thick plasma‐sprayed Ti sublayer or a thin TiO2 layer prepared by oxidation were investigated through LASAT. It was assessed that a rough surface can significantly improve the coating's bond strength. However, it was also demonstrated that a thin TiO2 layer on a smooth Ti‐6Al‐4V substrate can have a major influence on adhesion as well. Preheating up to 270°C just prior to the first HA spraying pass had no effect on the adhesion strength. Further development of the procedure was done to achieve an in situ LASAT with in vitro conditions applied on HA coatings. To that end, different crystalline HA contents were soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF). Beyond the demonstration of the capability of this laser‐driven adhesion test devoted to HA coatings in dry or liquid environment, the present study provided empirical information on pertinent processing characteristics that could strengthen or weaken the HA/Ti‐6Al‐4V bond. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
The expression of bone matrix proteins induced by different bioimplants in a rabbit sinus lift model
Authors: Hu ZhenMing , Peel Sean A.F. , Ho Stephen K. C. , Sándor George K. B. , Su Yan , Clokie Cameron M. L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis study aimed to analyze the expression of bone matrix proteins and CD31 by immunohistochemistry after maxillary sinus grafting with different bioimplants in a rabbit model. Rabbit demineralized bone matrix (DBM), partially purified bovine bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), a mixture of BMP with DBM (BMP/DBM), or particulated autogenous bone was grafted into the maxillary sinuses of 42 rabbits. Animals were sacrificed at 2 and 8 weeks. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the expression of type 1 collagen (COL1), osteonectin (ON), osteocalcin (OC), bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteopontin (OPN), and CD31. Sinuses grafted with BMP were filled with trabeculae of woven bone that was strongly immunoreactive for COL1, OC, ON, and BSP. BMP/DBM showed strongly positive immunoreactivity for these proteins within the newly formed bone, but weak immunoreactivity in the DBM particles. Immunoreactivity for COL1, OC, ON, and BSP in DBM sinuses was only seen in the osteoblasts rimming the grafted bone particles. The staining of autogenous bone graft sinuses was similar to those grafted with DBM. OPN staining was detected in autogenous bone graft, BMP/DBM, and BMP bioimplants. CD31 staining was strongest in BMP and BMP/noncollagenous matrix proteins sinuses. These results suggest that exogenous BMP enhances not only osteogenesis but also angiogenesis, an important part of bone repair. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Chitosan scaffolds for osteochondral tissue regeneration
Authors: Abarrategi Ander , Lópiz‐Morales Yaiza , Ramos Viviana , Civantos Ana , López‐Durán Luis , Marco Fernando , López‐Lacomba José Luis 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA variety of biomaterials have been introduced as potential substrates for cartilage repair. One such candidate is chitosan, which shares some characteristics with glycosaminoglycan and hyaluronic acid present in articular cartilage. Depending on chitosan source and preparation procedure, variations into its properties can be attained. Thus, the aim of this article is to study and select the most adequate chitosan properties for in vivo osteochondral tissue regeneration. In this work, chitosan molecular weight, deacetylation degree, and calcium content are tested as material variable properties. According to these properties, porous scaffolds were prepared, implanted in rabbit knee osteochondral defects, and evaluated 3 months after surgery. Results show in vitro a considerable influence of the material molecular weight on the scaffold structure. In vivo, different tissue responses were observed depending on the implanted chitosan properties. Some samples showed no material degradation, multiple adverse tissue responses, and no bone/cartilage tissue formation. Other samples showed no adverse responses and bone and cartilage tissue regeneration. The chitosan with intact mineral content (17.9 wt %), lowest molecular weight (11.49 KDa), and lowest deacetylation degree (83%) shows a well structured subchondral bone and noticeable cartilaginous tissue regeneration, being it the best one of those tested for osteochondral defect regeneration. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Specific antibody filter (SAF) binding capacity enhancement to remove anti‐A antibodies
Authors: Gautam Shalini , Korchagina Elena Y. , Bovin Nicolai V. , Federspiel William J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRemoval of Anti‐A/B antibodies prior to ABO‐incompatible transplantation can prevent hyperacute organ rejection. We are developing a specific antibody filter (SAF) device to selectively remove ABO blood group antibodies from the whole blood by utilizing immunoaffinity adsorption. The device consists of ultrafiltration hollow fiber membranes with synthetic antigens specific to bind blood group antibodies immobilized on the inner lumenal walls of the fibers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of antigen molecular weight and surface activation process to increase the antibody binding capacity of the fiber membrane surface. A new higher molecular weight antigen Atri‐pNSA‐1000 compared with Atri‐pNPA‐30 (A‐trisaccharide (Atri) conjugated to activated polymers of Mol. wt. 1000 kDa and 30 kDa, respectively) was employed to improve accessibility of the antigen to bind antibodies. Also, a cyanogen bromide (CNBr) based surface activation method mediated by TEA in neutral pH medium was used to enhance the number of active sites for antigen binding compared to a strong basic medium of NaOH. Using a CNBr/TEA activation method and by immobilizing Atri‐pNSA‐1000 antigen, an antibody binding capacity (∼0.01 monoclonal anti‐A IgM nmol/cm2) was achieved on the fiber surface. This binding capacity was sufficient to reduce monoclonal antibody titer from 1:128 to final titer below 1:4 with a surface area to volume ratio that is similar to commercial dialysis device (∼1.1 m2 surface area for an average body blood volume of 5 L). © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Characterization and cytocompatibility of biphasic calcium phosphate/polyamide 6 scaffolds for bone regeneration
Authors: Shen Juan , Li Yubao , Zuo Yi , Zou Qin , Cheng Lin , Zhang Li , Gong Mei , Gao Shibo 
Published: September 2010

AbstractPorous scaffolds of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP)/polyamide 6 (PA6) with weight ratios of 30/70, 45/55, and 55/45 have been fabricated through a modified thermally induced phase separation technique. The chemical structure properties, macrostructure, and mechanical strength of the scaffolds were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and mechanical testing. The results indicated that the BCP/PA6 scaffolds had an interconnected porous structure with a pore size mainly ranging from 100 to 900 μm and many micropores on the rough pore walls. The mechanical property of the scaffold was significantly enhanced by the addition of BCP inorganic fillers. The 55/45 BCP/PA6 composite scaffold with 76.5% ± 2.1% porosity attained a compressive strength of 1.86 ± 0.14 MPa. Moreover, the BCP/PA6 porous scaffold was cultured with rat calvarial osteoblasts to investigate the cell proliferation, viability, and differentiation function (alkaline phosphatase). The type I collagen expression was also used to characterize the differentiation of rat calvarial osteoblasts on BCP/PA6 composite scaffold by immunocytochemistry. The in vitro cytocompatibility evaluation demonstrated that the BCP/PA6 scaffold acted as a good template for the cells adhesion, spreading, growth, and differentiation. These results suggest that the BCP/PA6 porous composite could be a candidate as an excellent substitute for damaged or defect bone. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Evaluation of the coagulation properties of arginine‐chitosan/DNA nanoparticles
Authors: Song Liping , Zhu Dunwan , Liu Lanxia , Dong Xia , Zhang Hailing , Leng Xigang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractArginine‐chitosan conjugate (Arg‐CS) was demonstrated to mediate significantly elevated expression of the transgenes in comparison to chitosan (CS). However, little is known about the hemocompatibility of Arg‐CS/DNA nanoparticles (ACGN). This study evaluated the coagulation properties of the ACGN and CS/gene nanoparticles (CGN) by looking at the impact of the nanoparticles on the activated partial thrombin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), thrombin time (TT), and hemolysis ratio (HR). It demonstrated that both ACGN and CGN, at the concentration containing 50 μg/mL of DNA, led to moderate increases of APTT but no obvious change in PT and TT in vitro. Intravenous injection of CGN or ACGN (125 μg of DNA content/100 g of body weight) into rat did not result in any significant changes in PT but moderately increased APTT and TT. ACGN was demonstrated to be a slightly stronger inhibitor of blood coagulation as compared to CGN. No obvious hemolysis was induced by the nanoparticles. Taken together, the results in the present study indicated that introduction of arginine moieties into chitosan enhanced its anticoagulant property, which would be beneficial for applications in direct contact with blood. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Osteoinduction of porous titanium: A comparative study between acid‐alkali and chemical‐thermal treatments
Authors: Zhao Chaoyong , Zhu Xiangdong , Liang Kailu , Ding Jietao , Xiang Zhou , Fan Hongsong , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this study, a slurry foaming method was developed to fabricate porous titanium, and two different surface treatments were applied to investigate their effects on the osteoinduction of the implants. Three types of implants, that was porous titanium with no treatment, with chemical‐thermal treatment (CTPT), and with acid‐alkali treatment (AAPT), were implanted in the dorsal muscles of adult dogs for 3 and 5 months. After implantation for 3 months, new bone was only found in the inner pores of AAPT by histological analysis and field emission scanning electron microscopy observation. After implantation for 5 months, new bone was also found in CTPT, but it was absent in AAPT. This study not only confirmed that porous titanium with appropriate surface treatments could possess osteoinduction but also showed that its osteoinductive potential was tightly related to the surface treatment. As a simpler method, acid‐alkali treatment could endow porous titanium with faster osteoinduction, and AAPT might have potential in clinical application. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Gentamicin‐loaded strontium‐containing hydroxyapatite bioactive bone cement—An efficient bioactive antibiotic drug delivery system
Authors: Liu W. C. , Wong C. T. , Fong M.K. , Cheung W. S. , Kao R. Y. T. , Luk K. D. K. , Lu W. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractModified strontium‐containing hydroxyapatite (Sr‐HA) bone cement was loaded with gentamicin sulfate to generate an efficient bioactive antibiotic drug delivery system for treatment of bone defects. Gentamicin release and its antibacterial property were determined by fluorometric method and inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) growth. Gentamicin was released from Sr‐HA bone cement during the entire period of study and reached around 38% (w/w) cumulatively after 30 days. Antibacterial activity of the gentamicin loaded in the cements is clearly confirmed by the growth inhibition of S. aureus. The results of the amount and duration of gentamicin release suggest a better drug delivery efficiency in Sr‐HA bone cement over polymethylmethacrylate bone cement. Bioactivity of the gentamicin‐loaded Sr‐HA bone cement was confirmed with the formation of apatite layer with 1.836 ± 0.037 μm thick on day 1 and 5.177 ± 1.355 μm thick on day 7 after immersion in simulated body fluid. Compressive strengths of the gentamicin‐loaded Sr‐HA cement reached 132.60 ± 10.08 MPa, with a slight decrease from the unloaded groups by 4–9%. Bending moduli of Sr‐HA cements with and without gentamicin were 1.782 ± 0.072 GPa and 1.681 ± 0.208 GPa, respectively. On the contrary, unloaded Sr‐HA cement obtained slightly larger bending strength of 35.48 ± 2.63 MPa comparing with 33.00 ± 1.65 MPa for loaded cement. No statistical difference was found on the bending strengths and modulus of gentamicin‐loaded and ‐unloaded Sr‐HA cements. Sr‐HA bone cement loaded with gentamicin was proven to be an efficient drug delivery system with uncompromised mechanical properties and bioactivity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.
Sintering, microstructure, mechanical, and antimicrobial properties of HAp‐ZnO biocomposites
Authors: Saha Naresh , Keskinbora Kahraman , Suvaci Ender , Basu Bikramjit 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe implant associated infection is widely considered as a major concern in the field of biomedical applications and this has been the driving force for developing HAp‐based biomaterials with antibacterial additives for possible use in prosthetic devices. In our present work, we sintered Hydroxyapatite (HAp) with different concentrations of zinc oxide microrods (ZnO) at 1250°C to produce HAp‐ZnO biocomposites. In vitro antimicrobial studies were carried out to understand how ZnO addition (up to 30 wt %) to HAp leads to the improvement in bacteria static/bactericidal property and thereby, can reduce bacterial infection on implant surface. Both Gram positive (S. aureus, S. epidermidis) and Gram negative bacteria (E. coli) were used for this study. After 4 h of incubation, it was observed that microbial activity on HAp‐20 wt % and HAp‐30 wt % ZnO are significantly reduced in comparison to control sample, independent of type of bacterial cells. Despite such improvement in antimicrobial property, an increase in ZnO addition was found to have modest influence on fracture toughness or hardness properties. A maximum up to 1.7 MPam1/2 indentation fracture toughness and hardness of up to 6.8 GPa were measured in HAp‐ZnO biocomposites. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010.