bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trapping the Oxyallyl Cation Intermediate Derived from the Nazarov Cyclization of Allenyl Vinyl Ketones with Nitrogen Heterocycles
Authors: Marx Vanessa M. , LeFort François M. , Burnell D. Jean 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe cationic intermediate of the Lewis acid‐initiated Nazarov cyclization of an allenyl vinyl ketone (AVK) was trapped by pyrroles and indoles. The yields ranged from modest to high (up to 93%), and in both cases, only two of the three possible products were produced. Cyclopent‐2‐enones substituted at the 5‐position were predominantly produced, however with increasing alkyl substitution or placement of an electron‐withdrawing group on the nitrogen, an alternative regioisomer could also be formed. The results of this study suggest that a position α to the oxygen of the oxyallyl cation is the electronically preferred trapping site, whilst an exocyclic position is preferred for more sterically encumbered reacting partners.
Isolation and expression analysis of a homolog of the 14–3–3 epsilon gene in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella
Authors: Yoo Ji Yeon , Hwang Se Hui , Han Yeon Soo , Cho Saeyoull 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA full‐length 14–3–3 gene homolog (also referred to as the Px14–3–3 epsilon “ε” or Px14–3–3ε gene) was cloned from cDNA of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. The Px14–3–3 transcript is 789 nucleotides in length, and the predicted polypeptide is 263 amino acids in length, with a calculated molecular mass of 29.6 kDa. The Px14–3–3 gene contains the typical and predicted 14–3–3 domains and motifs. The amino acid sequence of the diamondback moth 14–3–3 gene is very similar to that of other insect epsilons (ε) but not to other insect zetas (ζ). In particular, the protein sequence of the Px14–3–3 gene shows high identity to the Bombyx mori epsilon (96.2%). Western blot analysis using an antibody against Px14–3–3ε verified the expression of 14–3–3ε in the larval, pupal, and adult stages. The Px14–3–3ε expression patterns in all the different tissue types were examined in the fourth instar larvae. Px14–3–3ε was detected in every tissue examined, including the body fat, hemocytes, brain, gut, and cuticle. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, Antihypertensive Activity, and 3D‐QSAR Studies of Some New p‐Hydroxybenzohydrazide Derivatives
Authors: Bhole Ritesh P. , Bhusari Kishore P. 
Published: December 2010

Abstractp‐Hydroxybenzohydrazide 2 on treatment with aromatic/aliphatic aldehyde followed by cyclization with carbon disulphide afforded compounds 4a–4n. Also, compound 2 by treatment of substituted isothiocyanate followed by the treatment of chloroacetic acid yields the corresponding compounds 6a–6i. All the test compounds were assayed for antihypertensive activity by non‐invasive blood pressure measurement and invasive blood pressure measurement methods. The test compounds showed significant antihypertensive activity. The intact compounds were subjected to 3D‐QSAR studies. The 3D‐QSAR analysis was carried out by PHASE program and a statistically reliable model with good predictive power (r2 = 0.98, q2 = 0.74) was achieved. The 3D‐QSAR plots illustrated insights into the structure‐activity relationship of these compounds which may aid in the design of potent p‐hydroxybenzohydrazide derivatives as antihypertensive agents.
Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Fused Pyrazolopyrimidines as Potential Anticancer and Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Abd El Razik Heba A. , Abdel Wahab Abeer E. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSynthesis and evaluation of anticancer and antimicrobial activity of some novel pyrazolopyrimidines and fused pyrazolopyrimidines are reported. Twelve analogs were selected to be evaluated for their in vitro anticancer potential against a panel of three human tumor cell lines: hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2, cervical carcinoma HelaS3 and colon carcinoma CaCo. The obtained data revealed that eight compounds namely; 6b, 6d, 7c, 8c, 10b, 12b, 13a and 13b were able to exhibit variable degrees of anticancer activities against the three used cell lines, of which compound 6d proved to be the most active. On the other hand, all the newly synthesized compounds were subjected to in vitro antibacterial and antifungal screening. Almost all the tested compounds were found to possess variable degrees of antimicrobial activities. Collectively, compounds 7c, 8c, 12b, 13a and 13b could be considered as possible agents with dual anticancer and antimicrobial activities.
Synthesis and Anticonvulsant Activity of New N‐Mannich Bases Derived from 5‐Cyclopropyl‐5‐phenyl‐hydantoins
Authors: Byrtus Hanna , Obniska Jolanta , Czopek Anna , Kamiński Krzysztof 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSynthesis, physicochemical and anticonvulsant properties of new N‐Mannich bases 3–24 derived from 5‐cyclopropyl‐5‐phenyl‐ and 5‐cyclopropyl‐5‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐hydantoins were described here. Initial anticonvulsant screening was performed using intraperitoneal (i.p.) maximal electroshock (MES) and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazole (scPTZ) seizures tests. Selected derivatives were also screened in the 6‐Hz test. The neurotoxicity was determined applying the rotorod test. The pharmacological results revealed that the majority of compounds were effective in MES and/or scPTZ tests. The quantitative studies after oral administration into rats showed that several molecules were more potent than phenytoin and ethosuximide which were used as reference antiepileptic drugs. From the whole series the most active was 3‐[(4‐phenylpiperazin‐1‐yl)‐methyl]‐5‐cyclopropyl‐5‐phenyl‐imidazolidine‐2,4‐dione (3) with the ED50 value of 5.29 mg/kg in the MES test.
Synthesis of Some Chalcones and Pyrazolines Carrying Morpholinophenyl Moiety as Potential Anti‐Inflammatory Agents
Authors: Khalil Omneya M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractChalcones of 2a–f and their corresponding products, pyrazolines 3a–f, were synthesized and evaluated for their anti‐inflammatory activity against carrageenan edema in albino rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg. All the compounds of this series showed promising anti‐inflammatory activity. The most active compounds of this series, 2a, 2b, and 2d, were found to be most potent. They showed higher percentage of inhibition of edema than the standard drug indomethacin.
DFT Study of Chiral‐Phosphoric‐Acid‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Indole with Nitroalkene: Bifunctionality and Substituent Effect of Phosphoric Acid
Authors: Hirata Takashi , Yamanaka Masahiro 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe enantioselective Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles with nitroalkenes proceeds catalytically by means of a chiral‐phosphoric‐acid catalyst to afford products with high enantioselectivities (up to 91 % ee). The use of a 3,3′‐SiPh3‐substituted (R)‐binol‐derived (binol=1,1′‐binaphthyl‐2,2′‐diol) catalyst and a free indole that bears an NH moiety is essential to achieving high enantioselectivity as well as high yield. To elucidate the reaction mechanism and the origin of the high enantioselectivity, DFT calculations were carried out. The reaction proceeded through a cyclic transition state formed by the two‐point binding of both substrates to the conjugated OPO moiety of the catalyst, in which indoles and nitroalkenes could be simultaneously activated by Brønsted acidic (proton) and basic (phosphoryl oxygen) sites, respectively. The enantioselectivity was entirely controlled by the steric effect between the 3,3′‐substituent group on the (R)‐binol‐derived phosphoric acid catalyst and the indole ring. When the sterically demanding SiPh3 group was used as the 3,3′‐substituent group, the energy difference between the most‐stable diastereomeric transition states that afforded the S and R products was increased to lead to the high enantioselectivity in agreement with the experimental results.
2D Hexagonal Tilings Based on Triangular and Hexagonal Structural Units in the Self‐Assembly of Thiacalix[4]arene Tetrasulfonate on an Au(111) Surface
Authors: Chen Ting , Yan Hui‐Juan , Zhang Xu , Wang Dong , Wan Li‐Jun 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe formation of several molecular 2D tilings with long‐range periodicity, including the Kagome network, distorted Kagome network, and snub trihexagonal tiling from the adsorption and assembly of thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (TCAS) at the 0.1 M HClO4/Au(111) interface has been investigated by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The internal structures of the tilings have been disclosed by high‐resolution STM images. The basic structural motifs, namely, the tiles of these tilings are similar, including triangular units and hexagonal units. Due to the different arrangement of the molecules within the triangular units, tiles with different configurations are formed, which further result in the polymorphism of the 2D tiling. This result is of significance for understanding the formation of 2D tiling as well as the design and construction of molecular self‐assembled nanostructures.
Telomere, DNA damage, and oxidative stress in stem cell aging
Authors: Zhang Junling , Ju Zhenyu 
Published: December 2010

Abstract“Stem cell aging” is a novel concept that developed together with the advances of stem cell biology, especially the sophisticated prospectively isolation and characterization of multipotent somatic tissue stem cells. Although being immortal in principle, stem cells can also undergo aging processes and potentially contribute to organismal aging. The impact of an age‐dependent decline of stem cell function weighs differently in organs with high or low rates of cell turnover. Nonetheless, most of the organ systems undergo age‐dependent loss of homeostasis and functionality, and emerging evidence showed that this has to do with the aging of resident stem cells in the organ systems. The mechanisms of stem cell aging and its real contribution to human aging remain to be defined. Many antitumor mechanisms protect potential malignant transformation of stem cell by inducing apoptosis or senescence but simultaneously provoke stem cell aging. In this review, we try to discuss several concept of stem cell aging and summarize recent progression on the molecular mechanisms of stem cell aging. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 90:297–307, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Noncanonical Wnt signaling in vertebrate development, stem cells, and diseases
Authors: Sugimura Ryohichi , Li Linheng 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWnt signaling regulates many aspects of vertebrate development and adult stem cells. Deregulation of Wnt signaling causes development defect and cancer. The signaling is categorized in two pathways: canonical and noncanonical. Both pathways are initiated by Wnt ligands and Frizzled receptors. Canonical pathway leads to β‐catenin:T‐cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor‐mediated gene expression, which regulates proliferation and differentiation of cells. Noncanonical Wnt signaling is mediated by intracellular calcium ion and JNK. This signaling leads to NFAT, a key transcriptional factor regulating gene expression. In addition, β‐catenin:T‐cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor‐mediated gene expression is downregulated by CaMKII‐TAK1‐NLK. Cellular polarity and motility are the main outcomes of the signaling. During development, noncanonical Wnt signaling is required for tissue formation. Recent studies have shown that atypical cadherin Flamingo contributes to noncanonical Wnt signaling by directing the migration of cells. Also, noncanonical Wnt signaling is required for maintenance of adult stem cells. In the field of cancer research, noncanonical Wnt signaling has been considered a tumor suppressor; however, recent evidence has shown that the signaling also enhances cancer progression in the later stages of disease. In this review, we describe and discuss components of noncanonical Wnt signaling, diseases caused by deregulation of the signaling, regulation of adult stem cells by the signaling, and implications in cancer biology. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 90:243–256, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elucidation of the Biosynthesis and Degradation of Allantofuranone by Isotopic Labelling and Fermentation of Modified Precursors
Authors: Schüffler Anja , Liermann Johannes C. , Opatz Till , Anke Timm 
Published: December 2010

AbstractFeeding experiments with the ascomycete Allantophomopsis lycopodina indicated that the potent fungistatic allantofuranone is biosynthesized from phenylalanine. Further experiments with synthetic precursors gave evidence that the naturally occurring polyporic acid serves as a key intermediate in the biosynthesis. In addition to the formation of allantofuranone, its abiotic and metabolic degradation were investigated.
A comparison of charlson and elixhauser comorbidity measures to predict colorectal cancer survival using administrative health data
Authors: Lieffers Jessica R. , Baracos Vickie E. , Winget Marcy , Fassbender Konrad 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cancer survival is related to features of the primary malignancy and concurrent presence of nonmalignant diseases (comorbidities), including weight‐related conditions (obesity, weight loss). The Charlson and Elixhauser methods are 2 well‐known methods that take comorbidities into account when explaining survival. They differ in both the number and categorization of comorbidities.METHODS:Cancer, comorbidity, and survival data were acquired from inpatient administrative hospital records in 574 colorectal cancer patients. Robust Poisson regression was used to analyze 2‐ and 3‐year survival according to cancer features and comorbidities classified by the Charlson and Elixhauser methods. Data for weight‐related conditions (body mass index, weight loss) and performance status were acquired upon a new patient visit to the regional cancer center. Discrimination was assessed with the concordance (c) statistic.RESULTS:A base model (age, sex, stage) had excellent discrimination (c‐statistic, 0.824 [2‐year survival] and 0.827 [3‐year survival]). The addition of Charlson comorbidities did not outperform the base model (c‐statistic, 0.831 [2‐year survival] and 0.833 [3‐year survival]). Elixhauser comorbidities added higher discrimination compared with the base model, both in stage and overall (c‐statistic, 0.852 [2‐year survival] and 0.854 [3‐year survival]; P < .01). The greatest increase in the c‐statistic contributed by the addition of the Elixhauser comorbidities occurred in stage II patients (increased from 0.683 to 0.838). Overall, the Elixhauser comorbidities outperformed the Charlson comorbidities (P < .05). The use of self‐reported weight and performance status data significantly increased discrimination by the Elixhauser method in 2‐year but not 3‐year survival.CONCLUSIONS:The Elixhauser method is a superior comorbidity risk‐adjustment model for colorectal cancer survival prediction. Cancer 2011. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Racial differences in the presentation and outcomes of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma in the United States
Authors: Shenoy Pareen J. , Malik Neha , Nooka Ajay , Sinha Rajni , Ward Kevin C. , Brawley Otis W. , Lipscomb Joseph , Flowers Christopher R. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND:Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is often cured with standard chemoimmunotherapy, but there is great heterogeneity in presentation and outcomes.METHODS:By using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) data from 13 registries across the United States, the authors examined differences in incidence and survival for DLBCL by race. International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third edition histology codes 9678, 9679, 9680, and 9684 were used to identify cases.RESULTS:From 1992 to 2007, 38,522 cases of DLBCL were recorded in SEER. Sixty‐five percent of black patients compared with 37% of white patients presented at age ≤60 years, 52% of blacks compared with 44% of whites presented with stage III/IV disease, and 31% of black versus 24% of white patients presented with B symptoms (all P < .001). Although survival improved by era of diagnosis for all races (log rank P < .001), 2‐year relative survival rates were better for women than men (61% vs 58%, P < .001) and white than black patients (60% vs 50%, P < .001). Black race, male sex, age at diagnosis >60, advanced stage, and B symptoms at diagnosis were predictors of worse survival (P < .001).CONCLUSIONS:Black patients with DLBCL in the United States present at younger age, more advanced stage, and have inferior survival. Epidemiological studies that examine the biological variants of DLBCL in concert with race are needed to elucidate the etiology of these disparities. Cancer 2011;. © 2010 American Cancer Society.
Tuning Magnetic Properties of CeO2 by Fe Doping via an Electrochemical Deposition Route
Authors: Wang Zi‐Long , Li Gao‐Ren , Liang Jin‐Hua , Tong Ye‐Xiang 
Published: December 2010

AbstractHerein Ce1−xFexO2−δ nanocomposites were investigated for dilute magnetic semiconductor (DMS) properties. Ce1−xFexO2−δ nanospheres and porous nanostructures with high surface areas have been successfully prepared by electrochemical deposition at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The structures and morphologies of Ce1−xFexO2−δ deposits were characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. The magnetic properties of the prepared Ce1−xFexO2−δ nanospheres and porous nanostructures were studied, and they showed room‐temperature ferromagnetism and giant magnetic moments. In addition, the effects of morphologies and compositions on the magnetic properties of Ce1−xFexO2−δ deposits were studied.
Hydrogen Production by Glycerol Steam Reforming with Ru‐based Catalysts: A Study on Sn Doping
Authors: Gallo Alessandro , Pirovano Claudio , Marelli Marcello , Psaro Rinaldo , Dal Santo Vladimiro 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBimetallic Ru‐Sn heterogeneous catalysts for glycerol steam reforming (SR) to hydrogen‐rich mixtures are developed using organometallic (OM)CVD of commercial metal precursors as the preparation technique of choice. This methodology produces monometallic Ru nanoparticles (NPs) supported on Mg(Al)O mixed oxide with high activity and selectivity for glycerol SR. The effect of tin doping is studied on a set of catalysts with various Sn loadings. Materials produced are characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and by diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS)‐quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS) of adsorbed CO and tested in glycerol SR.At low load, tin is almost selectively deposited on Ru NP faces, and resulting Ru‐exposed sites show a higher specific activity than Ru exposed sites in monometallic catalysts.
Brief periods of positive peer interactions mitigate the effects of total social isolation in youngOctodon degus
Authors: Colonnello Valentina , Iacobucci Paolo , Anderson Mary Patricia , Panksepp Jaak 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWe investigated whether positive daily peer‐interactions counteract the effects of isolation inOctodon degus. Twenty‐five‐day‐old degus were either isolated (ISO), socially housed (SOCIAL), or isolated and allowed 1‐hr daily peer interaction (PARTIAL‐ISO). The animals were observed over 4 weeks. Just prior to isolation and after 2 weeks of individual housing, the subjects were assessed for response to pleasant stimuli via a sucrose preference test and to fearful situations in open field and startle tests. Two weeks after the previous tests, the subjects were retested as above and observed in novelty and sociability tests. Only the ISO group showed significant alterations in sensitivity to reward and increased risk‐taking behavior in fearful situations. The ISO group consumed more sucrose, spent less time freezing in the startle test and exhibited increased exploration in open field and novelty tests compared to PARTIAL‐ISO and SOCIAL groups. In the sociability test, the SOCIAL group vocalized more than the other two groups during encounters with an unfamiliar degus. Our findings suggest that (i) chronic isolation induces alteration of hedonic, emotional and social profiles, with a maturational delay in fear‐related responses; (ii) friendly interaction attenuates most behavioral changes induced by total social isolation. However, the positive effects of daily social interactions did not fully counteract deficits in social vocalizations. Our study represents one of the few available studies focused not only on the consequences of negative life events in this species, but also the protective role of relatively short periods of positive social activity on subsequent emotional development. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 53:280–290, 2011.
Blood cell classification utilizing hydrodynamic filtration
Authors: Matsuda Miyuki , Yamada Masumi , Seki Minoru 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSelection or concentration of small particles such as specific cells or microbes is a very important technique in various fields. We have developed a method for separating and concentrating particles or cells according to size, termed hydrodynamic filtration (HDF), using microfluidic devices. In this study, we tried to separate and concentrate blood cells by simply introducing cell suspension into microfluidic devices, without using complicated operations and external devices. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 94(1): 1–6, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10281
Wide range drive of hybrid stepping motor with flux‐weakening control
Authors: Yoneda Makoto , Dohmeki Hideo 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBecause the application range of motors for position control is extending in industry, hybrid stepping motors that can realize position control easily have become popular. However, stepping motors have some disadvantages: the possibility of pull‐out under certain load conditions, and low efficiency due to iron loss. Consequently, a system designer must choose the motor‐driver combination very carefully. This paper proposes high‐efficiency drive of a hybrid stepping motor in a wide speed range by vector control, without the occurrence of pull‐out. It is shown that lead angle control is equivalent to flux‐weakening control, and that the maximum torque depends on the maximum inverter voltage at high speed. The effect of iron loss suppression by flux‐weakening control is verified experimentally. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 174(4): 68–74, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21022
New technique for the fabrication of conductive polymer/insulating polymer composite films
Authors: Abe Yayoi , Mathur Paramatma Chandra , Bhatnagar Pramod Kumar , Tada Kazuya , Onoda Mitsuyoshi 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe electrochemical polymerization of pyrrole on an ITO (indium‐tin oxide)‐coated glass electrode with an insulating film of poly(vinyl alcohol), PVA, produces a flexible composite polymer film with electrical, optical, and electrochemical properties very similar to polypyrrole (PPy). The rate of electrochemical polymerization depends on the diffusion of the electrolyte across the PVA film to the ITO electrode. In particular, hydrophilic solvents easily penetrate into the PVA film. By applying this new process, we demonstrate a unique method of forming electrically conductive patterns in PVA film. It will be possible to develop electrodes for electrical stimulation of the nervous system using a conducting polymer, PPy. By a similar technique we have fabricated poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene), PEDOT/PVA, composite films and have investigated their electrochemical basic properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 174(4): 1–8, 2011; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.21055