bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brazilian Residents’ Attitude and Practice Toward Sexual Health Issues in Pregnant Patients
Authors: Vieira Teresa C.S.B. , de Souza Eduardo , Abdo Carmita H.N. , Torloni Maria Regina , Santana Tania G.M. , Leite Alessandra P.L. , Nakamura Mary U. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual difficulties and questions regarding sexual function are frequent in pregnancy, yet they are infrequently discussed in academic communities, medical schools, and residency programs. Embarrassment, lack of experience, inadequate communication skills and insufficient knowledge on how to deal with sexual complaints, and questions in pregnancy are common, especially among young health professionals.

Aim
The aim of this study was to assess and compare the attitude and behavior of Brazilian residents in three different medical programs (obstetrics gynecology, internal medicine, and psychiatry) toward sexual health issues of pregnant patients.

Methods
Survey conducted in a single Brazilian university using anonymous self responsive questionnaires on how residents deal with sexual health issues of obstetric patients. A total of 154 residents from the three different programs (47 obstetrics gynecology, 33 psychiatry, 74 internal medicine) participated.

Main Outcome Measures
Attitude and practice of medical residents regarding sexual health issues of pregnant patients.

Results
Less than 20% of the residents reported that they routinely asked obstetric patients about their sexual health, although almost 70% stated this should be part of every history. Psychiatry residents were significantly more likely to actively seek information about the sexual health of obstetric patients than others (57.6%, 17%, 4.1%, psychiatry, obstetrics gynecology, internal medicine, respectively, P &lt; 0.001). Although over 80% answered that most obstetric patients react well or indifferently to questions about sexual function, less than 25% of the residents reported being completely confident answering these questions, and 71% of them admitted that they lacked specific knowledge in the area of sexual dysfunctions. The two main obstacles in evaluating patients’ sexuality were lack of specific knowledge and not enough time to explore these aspects in medical consultations, reported by 71% and 20% of all participants, respectively.

Conclusions
Most residents do not feel comfortable or confident and lack specific knowledge and skills to deal with questions related to sexual problems during pregnancy.
Effect of MgO and PVA on the Synthesis and Properties of Negative Thermal Expansion Ceramics of Zr2(WO4)(PO4)2
Authors: Shang Rui , Hu Qinglun , Liu Xiansheng , Liang Erjun , Yuan Bin , Chao Mingju 
Published: June 2012

A green synthesis of Zr2(WO4)(PO4)2 ceramics from ZrO2, WO3 and P2O5 is presented. It is shown that the ceramics can be synthesized by one‐step sintering within 60 min. The relative density of the ceramics can be enhanced from about 75% without sintering additives to 99.8% of the theoretical value with 1.0 wt% MgO and 2.0 wt% polyvinyl alcohol. The grain sizes of the ceramics are smaller and more uniform with MgO added in the raw materials than with MgO added in the Zr2(WO4)(PO4)2 powder. The coefficients of thermal expansion are about −2.325 × 10−6, −1.406 × 10−6, −1.509 × 10−6 and −1.384 × 10−6°C−1 for the samples without MgO, with MgO added in the raw materials, with MgO added in the Zr2(WO4)(PO4)2 powder and with MgO and PVA added in the raw materials, respectively.
WhiB5, a Transcriptional Regulator That Contributes to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Virulence and Reactivation
Authors: Casonato Stefano , Cervantes Sánchez Axel , Haruki Hirohito , Rengifo González Monica , Provvedi Roberta , Dainese Elisa , Jaouen Thomas , Gola Susanne , Bini Estela , Vicente Miguel , Johnsson Kai , Ghisotti Daniela , Palù Giorgio , Hernández-Pando Rogelio , Manganelli Riccardo 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

The proteins belonging to the WhiB superfamily are small global transcriptional regulators typical of actinomycetes. In this paper, we characterize the role of WhiB5, a
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
protein belonging to this superfamily. A null mutant was constructed in
M. tuberculosis
H37Rv and was shown to be attenuated during both progressive and chronic mouse infections. Mice infected with the mutant had smaller bacillary burdens in the lungs but a larger inflammatory response, suggesting a role of WhiB5 in immunomodulation. Most interestingly, the
whiB5
mutant was not able to resume growth after reactivation from chronic infection, suggesting that WhiB5 controls the expression of genes involved in this process. The mutant was also more sensitive than the wild-type parental strain to
S
-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and was less metabolically active following prolonged starvation, underscoring the importance of GSNO and starvation in development and maintenance of chronic infection. DNA microarray analysis identified 58 genes whose expression is influenced by WhiB5, including
sigM
, encoding an alternative sigma factor, and genes encoding the constituents of two type VII secretion systems, namely, ESX-2 and ESX-4.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Volcano-Inhabiting Thermoacidophilic Methanotroph Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum Strain SolV
Authors: Khadem Ahmad F. , Wieczorek Adam S. , Pol Arjan , Vuilleumier Stéphane , Harhangi Harry R. , Dunfield Peter F. , Kalyuzhnaya Marina G. , Murrell J. Colin , Francoijs Kees-Jan , Stunnenberg Henk G. , Stein Lisa Y. , DiSpirito Alan A. , Semrau Jeremy D. , Lajus Aurélie , Médigue Claudine , Klotz Martin G. , Jetten Mike S. M. , Op den Camp Huub J. M. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

The draft genome of
Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum
SolV, a thermoacidophilic methanotroph of the phylum
Verrucomicrobia
, is presented. Annotation revealed pathways for one-carbon, nitrogen, and hydrogen catabolism and respiration together with central metabolic pathways. The genome encodes three orthologues of particulate methane monooxygenases. Sequencing of this genome will help in the understanding of methane cycling in volcanic environments.
Complete Genome Sequence of Providencia stuartii Clinical Isolate MRSN 2154
Authors: Clifford Robert J. , Hang Jun , Riley Matthew C. , Onmus-Leone Fatma , Kuschner Robert A. , Lesho Emil P. , Waterman Paige E. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Here we present the complete genome sequence of
Providencia stuartii
MRSN 2154, isolated from an Afghan national.
P. stuartii
is a Gram-negative bacillus capable of causing infections in a wide variety of human tissues. Because
Providencia
readily acquires plasmids bearing drug resistance loci, it is of growing clinical significance.
Complete Genome Sequence of Helicobacter cinaedi Strain PAGU611, Isolated in a Case of Human Bacteremia
Authors: Goto Takatsugu , Ogura Yoshitoshi , Hirakawa Hideki , Tomida Junko , Morita Yuji , Akaike Takaaki , Hayashi Tetsuya , Kawamura Yoshiaki 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

We report the complete genome sequence of
Helicobacter cinaedi
strain PAGU611, isolated in a case of human bacteremia. The PAGU611 genome comprises a 2,078,348-bp chromosome and a 23,054-bp plasmid. The chromosome contains a unique genomic island, encoding a type VI secretion system and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci.
Genome Sequence of the Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome-Causing Strain Escherichia coli NCCP15647
Authors: Jeong Haeyoung , Zhao Fumei , Igori Davaajargal , Oh Kyung-Hwan , Kim Seon-Young , Kang Sung Gyun , Kim Byung Kwon , Kwon Soon-Kyeong , Lee Choong Hoon , Song Ju Yeon , Yu Dong Su , Park Mi-Sun , Cho Seung-Hak , Kim Jihyun F. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACT

Enterohemorrhagic
Escherichia coli
(EHEC) causes a disease involving diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS). Here we present the draft genome sequence of NCCP15647, an EHEC isolate from an HUS patient. Its genome exhibits features of EHEC, such as genes for verotoxins, a type III secretion system, and prophages.
The Forgotten Forefather: Joseph James Kinyoun and the Founding of the National Institutes of Health
Authors: Morens David M. , Fauci Anthony S. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTIn celebrating the 125th anniversary of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in August 2012, NIH has been examining its origins, its history, and the visionary men and women whose research have contributed to the saving and/or improving the quality of life of millions of people throughout the world. This minireview examines Joseph James Kinyoun (1860 to 1919), the 1887 founder of a federal Hygienic Laboratory that is considered the direct ancestor of the modern NIH, and explores the development of NIH as it was shaped by, and in turn shaped, the new field of microbiology.
Screening and identification of the mimic epitope of the adhesion protein ofMycoplasma genitalium
Authors: Zeng Yanhua , Liu Liangzhuan , He Jun , Liu Yan , Zhu Cuiming , You Xiaoxing , Wu Yimou 
Published: June 2012

Mycoplasma genitalium adhesion protein (MgPa) is the major adhesion protein of M. genitalium, and its C-terminal domain (amino acid 1075–1444) is the most immunogenic region. However, the exact epitopes of the adhesion protein of M. genitalium are still unclear. We used the purified polyclonal antibody against the recombinant adhesion protein to screen the mimic epitopes of MgPa using a random 12-peptide phage display library. Immunoscreening via the phage display peptide library revealed that 3 motifs (P-S-A-A/V-X-R-F/W-E/S-L-S-P, A-K-I/L-T/Q-X-T-L-X-L, and K-S-L-S-R-X-D-X-I) may represent 3 different mimotopes of MgPa. Results of bioinformatics analysis by MIMOX demonstrated that the key consensus amino acid residues in the aligned mimotopes may be S, A, and F for cluster 1; A, K, I, T, and L for cluster 2; and K, S, L, R, D, and I for cluster 3. Three representative phages could recognize sera from M. genitalium-positive patients to varying degrees, whereas they could not recognize the sera from Mycoplasma pneumoniae -positive patients or the sera from healthy people. These findings will help to clarify the mimic epitopes of MgPa to facilitate diagnosis of the antigen and to understand the antigenic structure of MgPa.
MS1-2: Tumor Entrained Neutrophils Inhibit Seeding in the Pre-Metastatic Lung.
Authors: Granot Z , Heneke E , Comen EA , King TA , Norton L , Benezra R 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Primary tumors have been shown to prepare distal organs for later colonization of metastatic cells by stimulating organ-specific infiltration of bone marrow derived cells. We have recently demonstrated that neutrophils are mobilized by the primary tumor and accumulate in the lung prior to the arrival of metastatic cells in mouse models of breast cancer. Tumor-entrained neutrophils (TENs) inhibit metastatic seeding in the lungs by generating H2O2 and tumor secreted CCL2 is both required and sufficient for optimal anti-metastatic entrainment of G-CSF-mobilized neutrophils. TENs are present in the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients prior to surgical resection but not in healthy individuals. Thus, while tumor-secreted factors contribute to tumor progression at the primary site, they concomitantly induce a neutrophil-mediated inhibitory process at the metastatic site.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr MS1-2.
OT1-02-08: The PERSEPHONE Trial: Duration of Trastuzumab with Chemotherapy in Women with HER2 Positive Early Breast Cancer. Changing the Randomisation Point To Address Potential Barriers to Recruitment.
Authors: Earl HM , Loi S , Vallier A-L , Hiller L , Ogburn-Storey E , Higgins H , Dunn J 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
Persephone is a phase III randomised controlled trial comparing six months of trastuzumab (9 doses) to the standard 12 month duration (18 doses) in patients with HER2 positive early breast cancer in respect of disease free survival, safety and cost-effectiveness. The trial opened to recruitment in October 2007 but soon showed that meeting recruitment targets was challenging, reaching only 20–30 patients per month. A key issue seemed to be the mandatory requirement to randomise before patients started trastuzumab treatment. Successful accrual of patients in the PHARE trial, a Persephone sister study, run by the National Institute for Cancer, Paris had not incorporated this criteria.
Method: In September 2009, following accrual of 316 patients, this potential barrier to recruitment was addressed by a major protocol amendment which relaxed the eligibility criteria to allow randomisation of patients who had received up to 9 doses of trastuzumab.
Results: To date, 1334 patients have been randomised into PERSEPHONE. After the amendment, monthly recruitment increased to 40–50 patients and, more recently, to 60–70 patients. Of the 1018 patients recruited since September 2009, 450 (44%) patients had received at least 1 dose of trastuzumab pre-randomisation (see Table).

Retrospective collection of pre-randomisation trastuzumab dose and toxicity information has proved successful, allowing analyses of dose intensity, toxicity and compliance to be carried out on all patients.
Conclusion: Relaxing the eligibility criteria has considerably improved recruitment into the PERSEPHONE trial without compromising the important endpoints the trial sets out to assess.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-02-08.
OT1-02-09: A Phase II Randomized Trial of Lapatinib with Either Vinorelbine or Capecitabine as First- and Second-Line Therapy for HER2−Overexpressing Metastatic Breast Cancer.
Authors: Janni W , Pikiel J , Sarosiek T , Karaszewska B , Papadimitriou CA , Schwedler K , Alavarez Gallego J , Caruso M , Herve RA , Lau MR , Williams LS , Briggs K , Sapunar FJ 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: Lapatinib, a dual kinase inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2/ErbB2), is approved for the treatment of HER2−overexpressing (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in combination with capecitabine following progression after trastuzumab, anthracyclines, and taxanes. Vinorelbine is an important chemotherapy option in MBC, and multiple phase II trials in combination with trastuzumab have been conducted.
Methods: This randomized, open-label, multicenter, phase II study (VITAL, LAP112620, NCT01013740) is evaluating the efficacy and safety of lapatinib with either vinorelbine or capecitabine in women with HER2+ MBC. A total of 105 stage IV breast cancer patients with disease progression who have received ≤1 chemotherapy regimen in the metastatic setting with an ECOG performance status of ≤1 are randomized 2:1 to either: lapatinib 1250 mg orally once daily (QD) continuously plus vinorelbine 20 mg/m2 intravenously on days 1 and 8 every third week; or lapatinib 1250 mg orally QD continuously plus capecitabine 2000 mg/m2/d orally in 2 doses 12 hours apart on days 1 to 14 every third week. Following progression in the randomized phase, patients will be given the option to cross over to the other arm. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival and will be analyzed with a descriptive intent since the study is not powered to detect differences between treatment arms. Secondary endpoints include overall response rate, overall survival, duration of response, time to response, and clinical benefit rate.
The study is currently recruiting in 8 countries in Europe (Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Serbia, Spain) and 2 in Latin America (Chile, Mexico).
Funding Source: GlaxoSmithKline
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-02-09.
OT2-03-01: Incidence of Mastalgia as a Presenting Complaint in Iranian Population with Regard to Age, BMI, Education, Residency (City or Rural), State of Marriage and Compare with Western Countries.
Authors: Razavi S 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
As it is has usually been stated, breast pain (mastalgia) is among the most common (or the commonest) cause of women referring to a breast clinic. The incidence has been reported in different ranges, and some studies (e.g. Canadian groups) have stated that mastalgia has its lowest incidence in middle east (compared to western countries). Based on this information, I have recently planned a study to investigate this issue.
To evaluate this data, I planned a questionnaire for every new patient coming to my breast clinic randomly. Every questionnaire was double checked & if still incomplete, was completed by phone communication.
The only inclusion criteria were to be a new patient. In this way over 550 questioners were completed during over 4 months. The aim is to find if there is any statistical difference in incidence rate and if there is any, evaluate any demographic difference that can be a cause.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-03-01.
OT2-05-01: An Open-Label Positron Emission Tomography Study To Investigate and Quantify Brain and Tumor Penetration of Carbon-11-Labeled Lapatinib in Patients with HER2−Overexpressing Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer.
Authors: Coombes RC , Reise JA , Lau MR , Carme SC , Searle GE , Huiban M , Burgess P , Noibi S , Koch K , Sapunar F , Saleem A 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background: Patients with HER2−overexpressing (HER2+) breast cancer tend to develop visceral metastases. About a third will develop brain metastases in the course of their disease. Several anticancer agents including trastuzumab are not believed to readily cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB); therefore, central nervous system (CNS) disease progression is emerging as an important clinical problem in this patient population. Although preclinical data indicate that lapatinib brain concentrations are low in healthy animals, probably due to the BBB efflux transporters, observations from clinical studies suggest lapatinib treatment might be associated with reduced CNS tumor growth. One hypothesis is that disruption of the BBB by tumors circumvents the usual protective function of transporters. Alternatively, inhibition of efflux transporters by lapatinib enhances its own accumulation with repeat dosing. The role of lapatinib in prevention of brain metastases is currently being explored in a phase III trial, EGF 111438 (CEREBEL).
Methods: To directly assess if lapatinib penetrates the brain and brain metastases, an open-label non-randomized study using carbon-11-labeled [11C] lapatinib is enrolling patients with HER2+ metastatic breast cancer. A minimum of 10 patients with an ECOG of &lt;3 are grouped into 2 cohorts: with at least one 1-cm diameter brain metastasis or without brain metastases. Two positron emission tomography (PET) scans will be performed in each patient following intravenous administration of a microdose of [11C] lapatinib: in lapatinib-naïve patients and at steady-state lapatinib, after treatment with unlabelled oral lapatinib 1500 mg once daily for 8 days. [11C] lapatinib time-activity curves will be generated for normal brain and brain metastases, the PET volume of distribution in the brain calculated and penetration of [11C] lapatinib into the brain quantified. Analysis of brain PET data is explorative as [11C] lapatinib is a new tracer. Therefore, this study investigates both the difference in lapatinib brain penetration between patients with and without brain metastases, as well as the effect of low and high concentrations of lapatinib on the BBB efflux system.
The study is currently recruiting in one center in the United Kingdom.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-05-01.
OT2-05-04: ACRIN PA 4006: Comparison of Full-Field Digital Mammography with Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Image Acquisition in Relation to Screening Call-Back Rate.
Authors: Conant EF , Maidment A , Copit D , Olson CB , Heckel ML , Gatsonis C 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Background
With competing parameters of specificity and sensitivity, breast cancer screening must limit both missed cancers and false-positive call-backs (with potential to biopsy) to reduce cost and unnecessary anxiety to patients. Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) has been shown to provide improved sensitivity over analog mammography in the detection of breast cancers, particularly in women with dense breasts. Unfortunately, call-back rates for both digital and analog screening mammography have similar, elevated rates of approximately 10% (E. Pisano et al, NEJM, 2005). Incorporation of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), a novel 3-D reconstruction of multiple low-dose digital mammographic images, may reduce the number of call-back visits needed by providing many of the benefits of diagnostic imaging at screening. This study will assess variations in DBT image acquisition while limiting radiation dose to women with varying breast sizes and densities, to define parameters to be used in a larger national screening tomosynthesis trial.
Eligibility: Asymptomatic women 25 years and older with no breast cancer history are eligible for Group A or B (see below). Pregnant women, women unable to tolerate compression of the breast associated with mammography, women with implants, and women with breasts too large for DBT are excluded from participation.
Trial design/target accrual: This multicenter trial uses Hologic digital mammography units at two institutions in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The timing of the study-related imaging visits are segregated into two cohorts, screening (Group A) and diagnostic (Group B). Group A comprises 500 women who will undergo both FFDM and DBT at screening. Initial independent interpretations of the FFDM and DBT from local readers will determine call back. Enriched Group B comprises 50 women who have been informed of abnormal findings from a FFDM screening within 30 days of enrollment. They will be recruited prior to their diagnostic imaging and consent to DBT of both breasts as part of their diagnostic imaging. Participants from both Groups will be followed or biopsied as recommended by their treating physician. Follow up includes medical record review and images collection at approximately 1-year. Follow-up data may be collected up to 18 months.
Specific aims and statistical methods: ACRIN PA 4006 will evaluate the specificity of 2-D FFDM versus a combination of 2-D and 3-D tomosynthesis imaging in breast cancer screening. Specificity will be measured by the participant call-back rate by each modality. Sensitivity and specificity by lesion-type characteristics, especially focused on DBT assessment of calcifications, will be compared.
Current accrual: Currently, the trial accrual has reached 259 of 550.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT2-05-04.