bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Coordination Modulated Morphological Anisotropic Engineering of Iron‐Benzoquinone Frameworks for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Geng Jiarun , Huang Yaohui , Guo Yihe , Li Haixia , Li Fujun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMorphological anisotropic engineering is powerful to synthesize metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with versatile physicochemical properties for diverse applications ranging from gas storage/separation to electrocatalysis and batteries, etc. Herein, we developed a carbon substrate guided strategy to manipulate the facet‐dependent coordination for morphology engineering of Fe‐THBQ (tetrahydroxy‐1,4‐benzoquinone) frameworks, which is built with cubic Fe octamer bridged by two parallel THBQ ligands along three orthogonal axes, extending to a three‐dimensional (3D) framework with pcu‐e network topology. The electronegative O‐containing functional groups on carbon surfaces compete with THBQ linkers to selectively interact with the unsaturated coordinated Fe cations on the {111} facets and inhibit crystal growth along the <111> direction. The morphology of Fe‐THBQ evolves from thermodynamically favored truncated cube to cuboctahedron depending on the content of O‐containing functional groups on the carbon substrate. The Fe‐THBQ with varied morphologies exhibits facet‐dependent performances for electrochemical lithium storage. This work will shed light on the morphology modulation of MOFs for promising applications.
Bioinspired Tetranuclear Manganese Cubane Complex as an Efficient Molecular Electrocatalyst for Two‐Electron Water Oxidation Towards Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Wang Tongshuai , Li Wenxiu , Wu Gang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractStable homogeneous two‐electron water oxidation electrocatalysts are highly demanded to understand the precise mechanism and reaction intermediates of electrochemical H2O2 production. Here we report a tetranuclear manganese complex with a cubane structure which can electrocatalyze water oxidation to hydrogen peroxide under alkaline and neutral conditions. Such a complex demonstrates an optimal Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 87 %, which is amongst (if not) the highest FE(H2O2) of reported homogeneous and heterogeneous electrocatalysts. In addition, active species were identified and co‐catalysts were excluded through ESI‐MS characterization. Furthermore, we identified water binding sites and isolated one‐electron oxidation intermediate by chemical oxidation of the catalyst in the presence of water substrates. It is evident that efficient proton‐accepting electrolytes avoid rapid proton building‐up at electrode and substantially improve reaction rate and selectivity. Accordingly, we propose a two‐electron catalytic cycle model for water oxidation to hydrogen peroxide with the bioinspired molecular electrocatalyst. The present work is expected to provide an ideal platform to elucidate the two‐electron WOR mechanism at the atomic level.
Industrial‐Scale Hard Carbon Designed to Regulate Electrochemical Polarization for Fast Sodium Storage
Authors: Wu Chun , Yang Yunrui , Zhang Yinghao , Xu Hui , Huang Wenjie , He Xiangxi , Chen Qinghang , Dong Huanhuan , Li Lin , Wu Xingqiao , Chou Shulei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGiven the merits of abundant resource, low cost and high electrochemical activity, hard carbons have been regarded as one of the most commercializable anode material for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, poor rate capability is one of the main obstacles that severely hinder its further development. In addition, the relationships between preparation method, material structure and electrochemical performance have not been clearly elaborated. Herein, a simple but effective strategy is proposed to accurately construct the multiple structural features in hard carbon via adjusting the components of precursors. Through detailed physical characterization of the hard carbons derived from different regulation steps, and further combined with in‐situ Raman and galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) analysis, the network of multiple relationships between preparation method, microstructure, sodium storage behavior and electrochemical performance have been successfully established. Simultaneously, exceptional rate capability about 108.8 mAh g−1 at 8 A g−1 have been achieved from RHC sample with high reversible capacity and desirable initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE). Additionally, the practical applications can be extended to cylindrical battery with excellent cycle behaviors. Such facile approach can provide guidance for large‐scale production of high‐performance hard carbons and provides the possibility of building practical SIBs with high energy density and durability.
One‐Pot Synthesis of 1,3‐Cyclohexadienes by Birch Reduction in the Presence of Carbonyl Compounds
Authors: Krüger‐Braunert Tobias , Linker Torsten 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBirch reductions are well‐known transformations of arenes, applied for large scale synthesis of 1,4‐cyclohexadienes. Herein, we describe first reactions of benzoic acids in the presence of carbonyl compounds, affording aldol products in moderate to high yields. Alkyl aldehydes give the expected nonconjugated dienes by reaction at the α‐position. Interestingly, the intermediately formed enolate attacks aryl aldehydes and ketones from its γ‐position, which can be explained by steric hindrance. This opens the door for the one‐pot synthesis of 1,3‐cyclohexadienes, which are not accessible by classical Birch reductions. Our method is applicable to benzoic, m‐ and p‐toluic acid and various carbonyl compounds, and more than 25 new products were isolated in up to 93 % yield. Prochiral aryl aldehydes afford diastereomeric mixtures in ratios of about 4 : 1, but in the cyclohexadiene ring only trans isomers are formed with high selectivity. Finally, the 1,3‐cyclohexadienes are suitable precursors for further transformations, which we have demonstrated in first examples. Thus, aromatization affords products of a formal meta selective Friedel–Crafts alkylation, and four new stereocenters were generated by cycloaddition of singlet oxygen with excellent selectivity.
Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy
Authors: Knežević Sara , Han Dongni , Liu Baohong , Jiang Dechen , Sojic Neso 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectrochemiluminescence (ECL) is rapidly evolving from an analytical method into an optical microscopy. The orthogonality of the electrochemical trigger and the optical readout distinguishes it from classic microscopy and electrochemical techniques, owing to its near‐zero background, remarkable sensitivity, and absence of photobleaching and phototoxicity. In this minireview, we summarize the recent advances in ECL imaging technology, emphasizing original configurations which enable the imaging of biological entities and the improvement of the analytical properties by increasing the complexity and multiplexing of bioassays. Additionally, mapping the (electro)chemical reactivity in space provides valuable information on nanomaterials and facilitates deciphering ECL mechanisms for improving their performances in diagnostics and (electro)catalysis. Finally, we highlight the recent achievements in imaging at the ultimate limits of single molecules, single photons or single chemical reactions, and the current challenges to translate the ECL imaging advances to other fields such as material science, catalysis and biology.
High‐quality and efficient recovery of waste agricultural mulch film mixture via solid‐state shear milling technology
Authors: Di Zhepeng , Yang Shuangqiao , Bai Shibing 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe problem of white pollution caused by waste agricultural mulch film (WAMF) has a long history and has brought great damage to the soil and ecological environment. The recycled WAMF has no processing performance because it is doped with a large amount of cotton straw and soil inorganic particles. In this study, it was reported for the first time that high‐quality and efficient recovery of WAMF was carried out by means of solid‐state shear milling (S3M) technology. After the pretreatment of S3M, the recycled WAMF is transformed into an active composite powder with a particle size of microns, which regains certain processing performance. Then we prepared a composite material similar to WPC (wood‐plastic composite) by using the composite powder. It was found that under the action of strong three‐dimensional shear force, the phase domain size of the composite decreased significantly, and the compatibility of each component improved. The macroscopic performance was that the tensile strength was increased by 65% and the bending strength was increased by 74%, reaching 8.30 and 17 MPa, respectively. The 24‐h water absorption of this composite decreased by 13%. More importantly, the thermal stability was not significantly reduced during the milling process. This process does not require sorting, cleaning, or other operations, which can greatly simplify the process flow and improve recovery efficiency. It provides an effective solution to the problem of white pollution caused by WAMF.
Carbon balance: A technique to assess comparative photosynthetic physiology in poikilohydric plants
Authors: Coe Kirsten K. , Neumeister Nicolas , Gomez Maya I. , Janke Niko Carvajal 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPremisePoikilohydric plants respond to hydration by undergoing dry–wet–dry cycles. Carbon balance represents the net gain or loss of carbon from each cycle. Here we present the first standard protocol for measuring carbon balance, including a custom‐modified chamber system for infrared gas analysis, 12‐h continuous monitoring, resolution of plant–substrate relationships, and in‐chamber specimen hydration.Methods and ResultsWe applied the carbon balance technique to capture responses to water stress in populations of the moss Syntrichia caninervis, comparing 19 associated physiological variables. Carbon balance was negative in desiccation‐acclimated (field‐collected) mosses, which exhibited large respiratory losses. Contrastingly, carbon balance was positive in hydration‐acclimated (lab‐cultivated) mosses, which began exhibiting net carbon uptake <15 min following hydration.ConclusionsCarbon balance is a functional trait indicative of physiological performance, hydration stress, and survival in poikilohydric plants, and the carbon balance method can be applied broadly across taxa to test hypotheses related to environmental stress and global change.
Origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in red‐necked wallaby (Notamacropus rufogriseus, Marsupialia: Macropodidae)
Authors: Bakıcı Caner , Yunus Hasen Awel , Batur Barış 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNotamacropus rufogriseus (red‐necked wallaby) are in the family Macropodidae, which is the second largest family of marsupials after the family Didelphidae. This study was conducted with the aim of providing a detailed description of the origin and distribution of the brachial plexus in N. rufogriseus. Two‐year‐old male and 3‐year‐old female red‐necked wallabies were used for the study. The brachial plexus was formed by ventral rami of C4, C5, C6, C7, C8, and T1 spinal nerves. It is composed of three trunks that give rise to 12 principal nerves. The cranial trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C4–C7; the middle trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C6 and C7; and the caudal trunk is formed by the combination of the rami C8 and T1. Differences between left and right side of the plexus brachialis were not observed. C6 ventral spinal rami contribute the most to brachial plexus nerve formation, while C4 contributes the least. The formation and distribution of the plexus in N. rufogriseus exhibited more resemblance to the patterns observed in marsupial animals rather than placental mammals. Marsupial mammals demonstrate the involvement of C4 in the development of the brachial plexus. The formation and branching of the brachial plexus sequentially adapt in accordance with changes in their thoracic limb activities and innervation points. Anatomical data from brachial plexus studies optimizes thoracic limb clinical and surgical treatments. This work can provide baseline data for future marsupial brachial plexus studies and fill gaps in the scarce literature.
Probing extreme black‐hole outflows on short timescales via high spectral‐resolution x‐ray imagers
Authors: Pinto C. , Steiner J. F. , Bodaghee A. , Chakraborty P. , Sobolewska M. , Pasham D. R. , Ogorzalek A. , Zuhone J. , Bogdan A. , Vogelsberger M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe investigate outflows and the physics of super‐Eddington versus sub‐Eddington regimes in black hole systems. Our focus is on prospective science using next‐generation high‐resolution soft x‐ray instruments. We highlight the properties of black hole ultraluminous x‐ray source (ULX) systems in particular. Owing to scale invariance in accreting black holes, ULX accretion properties, including their outflows, inform our understanding not only of the closely related population of (similar‐mass) x‐ray binary systems but also of tidal disruption events (TDEs) around supermassive black holes. A subsample of TDEs are likely to transcend super‐Eddington to sub‐Eddington regimes as they evolve, offering an important unifying analog to ULXs and sub‐Eddington x‐ray binaries. We demonstrate how next‐generation soft x‐ray observations with resolving power and collecting area can simultaneously identify ultrafast and more typical wind components, distinguish between different wind mechanisms, and constrain changing wind properties over characteristic variability timescales.
Immediate or delayed trial without catheter in acute urinary retention in males: A systematic review
Authors: Christensen Veronika S. , Skow Marius , Flottorp Signe A. , Strømme Hilde , Mdala Ibrahimu , Vallersnes Odd Martin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the success of establishing spontaneous micturition following immediate trial without catheter (TWOC) to delayed TWOC in males catheterized for acute urinary retention.Materials and methodsIn this systematic review, we included studies reporting success rates of immediate TWOC or delayed TWOC (≤30 days) among males ≥18 years of age catheterized for acute urinary retention. We excluded studies on suprapubic catheterization, postoperative/perioperative catheterization and urinary retention related to trauma. We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Open Grey and Clinicaltrials.gov. The search was concluded on 30 November 2022. There were no restrictions on language or publication date. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROB 2.0 and ROBINS‐I tools. We did random‐effects restricted maximum likelihood model meta‐analyses. Certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE.ResultsWe included 61 studies. In two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), both with some concerns for risk of bias, including in total 174 participants, the relative success rate was 1.22 (95% CI 0.84–1.76) favouring delayed TWOC. In two comparative cohort studies, both with serious risk of bias, including 642 participants, the relative success rate was 1.18 (0.94–1.47) favouring delayed TWOC. One study was excluded from this meta‐analysis because of critically low quality. Four studies reporting success rates for cohorts with immediate TWOC, all with serious risk of bias, including 409 participants, had an overall success rate of 47% (29–66). Fifty‐two studies reporting success rates for cohorts with delayed TWOC, all with serious risk of bias, including 12 489 participants, had an overall success rate of 53% (49–56). The certainty of the evidence was considered low for the RCTs and very low for the rest.ConclusionThere was a limited number of appropriately designed studies addressing the research question directly. The evidence favours neither approach.
The impact of financial investment on corporate environmental sustainability: Reservoir effect or crowding‐out effect?
Authors: Shi Peihao , Huang Qinghua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study empirically examines the impact of financial investment on environmental sustainability in publicly traded companies at the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges in China from 2011 to 2021. Using a generalized additive model (GAM), we scrutinize this relationship, revealing a consistent linear trend. Additionally, a panel model uncovers a crowding‐out effect of financial investment, particularly pronounced in firms with weaker environmental performance. Corporate financial investment primarily undermines environmental sustainability by cutting down primary business investment, inhibiting green innovation, and diminishing human capital investment. Furthermore, in regions with favorable institutional environments, financial investment transitions its impact on corporate environmental sustainability from crowding out to reservoir effects. This shift is particularly pronounced when the financial regulatory index and regional marketization index surpass the respective thresholds of 0.314 and 0.618. This evidence indicates that it is pertinent to circumvent the adverse impacts of corporate financial investment on environmental sustainability at the institutional level.
How receiving welfare assistance could be linked to children's bullying victimization: Exploring the potential pathways
Authors: Hong Jun Sung , Choi Mi Jin , Gómez Anthony , Padilla Yolanda C. , Espelage Dorothy L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study proposes and tests the pathways from receiving welfare assistance to children's bullying victimization. Specifically, the study examines whether children's difficulty making friends and school disconnection mediate the association between welfare assistance receipt to children's bullying victimization. The 2019 National Survey of Children's Health dataset was used, and the sample consisted of 12,230 caregivers of adolescents, aged 12–17 years. A path model was utilized to explore the proposed pathways. Findings suggest that welfare assistance receipt was not significantly associated with children's bullying victimization. It was positively related to children's bullying victimization through the mediating roles of having difficulty making friends and school disconnection. Schools and communities need to create spaces where youth can connect with peers, which is an important part of their development.
Long‐term survival outcomes and immune checkpoint inhibitor retreatment in patients with advanced cervical cancer treated with camrelizumab plus apatinib in the phase II CLAP study
Authors: Lan Chunyan , Lu Huaiwu , Zhou Lin , Liao Kunlun , Liu Junxiu , Xie Zhiwen , Liang Haixi , Zou Guorong , Yang Ting , Xu Qin , Huang Xin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCamrelizumab plus apatinib have demonstrated robust antitumor activity and safety in patients with advanced cervical cancer (CLAP study; NCT03816553). We herein present the updated long‐term results of the CLAP study and explore potential biomarkers for survival. The outcomes of patients who underwent immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) retreatment were also reported.MethodsIn this phase II trial, eligible patients received camrelizumab 200 mg intravenously every two weeks and apatinib 250 mg orally once daily in 4‐week cycles for up to two years. Treatment was continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.ResultsBetween January 21 and August 1, 2019, a total of 45 patients were enrolled. Data were analyzed as of July 31, 2023, representing > 48 months since treatment initiation for all patients. Nine (20.0%) patients completed the 2‐year study. The median duration of response (DOR) was 16.6 months, and 45.0% of patients achieved a DOR of ≥ 24 months. The 12‐month progression‐free survival (PFS) rate was 40.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.2‐55.6), with an 18‐month PFS rate of 37.8% (95% CI, 22.7‐52.8). The median overall survival (OS) was 20.3 months (95% CI, 9.3‐36.9), and the 24‐month OS rate was 47.8% (95% CI, 31.7‐62.3). Age > 50 years, programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 1 (versus [vs.] < 1), CPS ≥ 10 (vs. < 1), high tumor mutational burden, and PIK3CA mutations were associated with improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR] < 1) and longer OS (HR < 1). Eight patients who initially responded in the CLAP trial but later experienced disease progression were retreated with ICIs. Among them, 2 (25.0%) achieved a partial response, while 5 (62.5%) had stable disease. Notably, four patients who received retreatment with ICIs survived for more than 45 months. No new safety signals were identified in the present study.ConclusionLong‐term survival follow‐up data demonstrated that camrelizumab plus apatinib has robust, sustained, and durable efficacy in patients with advanced cervical cancer who progress after first‐line platinum‐based chemotherapy. No new safety signals were noted with long‐term treatment.
Engineering of a Baeyer‐Villiger monooxygenase to Improve Substrate Scope, Stereoselectivity and Regioselectivity
Authors: Li Xu , Li Congcong , Qu Ge , Yuan Bo , Sun Zhoutong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBaeyer‐Villiger monooxygenases belong to a family of flavin‐binding proteins that catalyze the Baeyer‐Villiger (BV) oxidation of ketones to produce lactones or esters, which are important intermediates in pharmaceuticals or sustainable materials. Phenylacetone monooxygenase (PAMO) from Thermobifida fusca with moderate thermostability catalyzes the oxidation of aryl ketone substrates, but is limited by high specificity and narrow substrate scope. In the present study, we applied loop optimization by loop swapping followed by focused saturation mutagenesis in order to evolve PAMO mutants capable of catalyzing the regioselective BV oxidation of cyclohexanone and cyclobutanone derivatives with formation of either normal or abnormal esters or lactones. We further modulated PAMO to increase enantioselectivity. Crystal structure studies indicate that rotation occurs in the NADP‐binding domain and that the high B‐factor region is predominantly distributed in the catalytic pocket residues. Computational analyses further revealed dynamic character in the catalytic pocket and reshaped hydrogen bond interaction networks, which is more favorable for substrate binding. Our study provides useful insights for studying enzyme‐substrate adaptations.
Quality Control of mRNA Vaccines by Synthetic Ribonucleases: Analysis of the Poly‐A‐Tail
Authors: Zellmann Felix , Schmauk Nina , Murmann Nina , Böhm Madeleine , Schwenger Alexander , Göbel Michael W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe effectivity and safety of mRNA vaccines critically depends on the presence of correct 5’ caps and poly‐A tails. Due to the high molecular mass of full‐size mRNAs, however, the direct analysis by mass spectrometry is hardly possible. Here we describe the use of synthetic ribonucleases to cleave off 5’ and 3’ terminal fragments which can be further analyzed by HPLC or by LC–MS. Compared to existing methods (e. g. RNase H), the new approach uses robust catalysts, is free of sequence limitations, avoids metal ions and combines fast sample preparation with high precision of the cut.