bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of post-operative mechanical axis alignment on the survival of primary total knee replacements after a follow-up of 15 years
Authors: Bonner T. J. , Eardley W. G. P. , Patterson P. , Gregg P. J. 
Published: September 2011

Correct positioning and alignment of components during primary total knee replacement (TKR) is widely accepted to be an important predictor of patient satisfaction and implant durability. This retrospective study reports the effect of the post-operative mechanical axis of the lower limb in the coronal plane on implant survival following primary TKR. A total of 501 TKRs in 396 patients were divided into an aligned group with a neutral mechanical axis (± 3°) and a malaligned group where the mechanical axis deviated from neutral by > 3°. At 15 years’ follow-up, 33 of 458 (7.2%) TKRs were revised for aseptic loosening. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a weak tendency towards improved survival with restoration of a neutral mechanical axis, but this did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.47). We found that the relationship between survival of a primary TKR and mechanical axis alignment is weaker than that described in a number of previous reports.
Revision total hip arthroplasty using a Kerboull-type acetabular reinforcement device with bone allograft
Authors: Akiyama H. , Yamamoto K. , Tsukanaka M. , Kawanabe K. , Otsuka H. , So K. , Goto K. , Nakamura T. 
Published: September 2011

We retrospectively reviewed 40 hips in 36 patients who had undergone acetabular reconstruction using a titanium Kerboull-type acetabular reinforcement device with bone allografts between May 2001 and April 2006. Impacted bone allografts were used for the management of American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Type II defects in 17 hips, and bulk bone allografts together with impacted allografts were used for the management of Type III defects in 23 hips. A total of five hips showed radiological failure at a mean follow-up of 6.7 years (4.5 to 9.3), two of which were infected. The mean pre-operative Merle d’Aubigné score was 10 (5 to 15) vs 13.6 (9 to 18) at the latest follow-up. The Kaplan-Meier survival rate at ten years, calculated using radiological failure or revision of the acetabular component for any reason as the endpoint, was 87% (95% confidence interval 76.3 to 97.7). A separate experimental analysis of the mechanical properties of the device and the load-displacement properties of bone grafts showed that a structurally hard allograft resected from femoral heads of patients with osteoarthritis should be preferentially used in any type of defect. If impacted bone allografts were used, a bone graft thickness of < 25 mm was acceptable in Type II defects. This clinical study indicates that revision total hip replacement using the Kerboull-type acetabular reinforcement device with bone allografts yielded satisfactory mid-term results.
Joint line position correlates with function after primary total knee replacement
Authors: Babazadeh S. , Dowsey M. M. , Swan J. D. , Stoney J. D. , Choong P. F. M. 
Published: September 2011

The role of computer-assisted surgery in maintaining the level of the joint in primary knee joint replacement (TKR) has not been well defined. We undertook a blinded randomised controlled trial comparing joint-line maintenance, functional outcomes, and quality-of-life outcomes between patients undergoing computer-assisted and conventional TKR. A total of 115 patients were randomised (computer-assisted, n = 55; conventional, n = 60). Two years post-operatively no significant correlation was found between computer-assisted and conventional surgery in terms of maintaining the joint line. Those TKRs where the joint line was depressed post-operatively improved the least in terms of functional scores. No difference was detected in terms of quality-of-life outcomes. Change in joint line was found to be related to change in alignment. Change in alignment significantly affects change in joint line and functional scores.
Combined Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide and Lipopolysaccharide on Osteoclast Differentiation in Rats
Authors: Irie Koichiro , Ekuni Daisuke , Tomofuji Takaaki , Endo Yasumasa , Kasuyama Kenta , Yaegaki Ken , Morita Manabu 
Published: September 2011

Background: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates osteoclast differentiation through toll‐like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) induces osteoclast differentiation. If H2S activates TLRs, H2S may enhance the effects of LPS on osteoclast differentiation. The purpose of the present study is to examine the combined effects of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS, an H2S donor drug) and LPS on osteoclast differentiation and TLR expression in rat periodontal tissue.Methods: Twenty‐eight male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were divided into four groups (n = 7 per group): a control (no treatment) group and three experimental groups (NaHS group, LPS group, and a combination [NaHS + LPS] group). At 1 day after topical application of NaHS and/or Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS into the gingival sulcus of first molars, the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphate (TRAP)‐positive osteoclasts in the periodontal tissue was counted. Expression of TLR2 and TLR4 mRNAs and proteins in the gingival was also assessed.Results: The number of TRAP‐positive osteoclasts was significantly higher in the combination group than in any other group (P <0.01). The combination group had 11.0‐fold higher TLR4 mRNA levels than the control group. TLR4 protein levels were also higher in the combination group than in the NaHS or LPS group. However, the TLR2 mRNA and protein levels were not significantly different in the combination group and the LPS group.Conclusion: In rat periodontal tissue, NaHS and LPS had an additive effect on osteoclast differentiation through activation of the TLR4 pathway but not the TLR2 pathway.
First-principle calculations for electronic structure and bonding properties in layered Na2Ti3O7
Authors: An Yongliang , Li Zhonghua , Xiang Hongping , Huang Yongjiang , Shen Jun 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
First-principles calculations of Na2Ti3O7 have been carried out with density-functional theory (DFT) and ultrasoft pseudopotentials. The electronic structure and bonding properties in layered Na2Ti3O7 have been studied through calculating band structure, density of states, electron density, electron density difference and Mulliken bond populations. The calculated results reveal that Na2Ti3O7 is a semiconductor with an indirect gap and exhibits both ionic and covalent characters. The stability of the (Ti3O7)2− layers is attributed to the covalent bonding of strong interactions between O 2p and Ti 3d orbitals. Furthermore, the O atoms located in the innerlayers interact more strongly with the neighboring Ti atoms than those in the interlayer regions. The ion-exchange property is due to the ionic bonding between the Na+ and (Ti3O7)2− layers, which can stabilize the interlayers of layered Na2Ti3O7 structure.
Incarcerated inguinal hernia? No, acute pancreatitis
Authors: Ramia-Angel Jose , Sancho Eloy , Lozoya Rafael , Gasz Andrej , Santos Jose 
Published: September 2011

AbstractA 62-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with a 2-day history of right testicular pain. The initial diagnosis was orchiepididymitis (later found to be mistaken), and intravenous antibiotic treatment was started. Twenty-four hours later, the patient had mild pain in the right inguinal area and right infra-abdominal area. We performed an inguinal ultrasound that showed an incarcerated mass of mixed echogenicity in the right inguinal area. Surgery was performed because we thought the patient had an inguinal incarcerated hernia. Two days after the surgical procedure, the patient began to have fever and erythema and pain in the back. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed an acute pancreatitis with a peripancreatic collection from the pancreas to right inguinal area. We have reviewed similar cases in the literature and note that, infrequently, an inguinal mass can be the first sign of mostly asymptomatic acute pancreatitis.
Quality of life in patients with severe left ventricle dysfunction due to coronary artery disease
Authors: Kawecki Damian , Kubiak Grzegorz , Orszulik Katarzyna , Kusińska Aleksandra , Mitręga Katarzyna , Pałka Magdalena , Trzepaczyńska Zofia , Nowalany-Kozielska Ewa 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Identifying Translationally Regulated Genes During Stem Cell Differentiation
Authors: Sampath Prabha , Lee Qian Yi , Tanavde Vivek 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis unit describes a protocol for genome‐wide identification of translationally regulated genes during embryonic stem cell differentiation using integrated transcriptome and translation state profiling. Actively translated mRNAs associated with multiple ribosomes (known as polysomes) and translationally inactive mRNAs sequestered in messenger ribonucleoprotein particles (mRNPs), can be separated by sucrose gradient fractionation based on size. Because the number of ribosomes on a transcript correlates with the rate of synthesis of its encoded protein, this allows an operational distinction between well‐translated and poorly translated mRNA molecules. In this analysis, fractionated mRNA and total RNA are used to probe microarrays to identify differentially translated genes. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 18:1B.8.1‐1B.8.13. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Derivation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Peripheral Circulating T Cells
Authors: Seki Tomohisa , Yuasa Shinsuke , Fukuda Keiichi 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis unit describes a protocol for the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from human peripheral circulating T cells. Initially, human dermal fibroblasts and retroviral vectors were used to generate human iPS cells. Invasive approaches, such as skin biopsy, and genomic insertion of transgenes into the host genome are not appropriate for routine clinical application. Peripheral circulating T cells are readily available from blood samples of patients and healthy volunteers. For the efficient generation of human iPS cells, efficient introduction of the transgene into host cells is necessary. Using a combination of activated T cell culture and Sendai virus allows for the easy and efficient introduction of transgenes into activated T cells and the generation of human iPS cells without genomic integration of extrinsic genes. The T cell‐derived iPS (TiPS) cells exhibit monoclonal T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement in their genome, a hallmark of mature terminally differentiated T cells. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 18:4A.3.1‐4A.3.9. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chemical Synthesis of Hydrocarbon‐Stapled Peptides for Protein Interaction Research and Therapeutic Targeting
Authors: Bird Gregory H. , Christian Crannell W. , Walensky Loren D. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe peptide α‐helix represents one of nature's most featured protein shapes and is employed in a diversity of protein architectures, from the cytoskeletal infrastructure to the most intimate contact points between crucial signaling proteins. By installing an all‐hydrocarbon crosslink into native sequences, the shape and biological activity of natural peptide α‐helices can be recapitulated, yielding a chemical toolbox that can be used both to interrogate the protein interactome and to modulate interaction networks for potential therapeutic benefit. Here, current methodology for synthesizing stabilized α‐helices (SAH) corresponding to key protein interaction domains is described. A stepwise approach is taken for the production of crosslinking non‐natural amino acids, incorporation of the residues into peptide templates, and application of ruthenium‐catalyzed ring‐closing metathesis to generate hydrocarbon‐stapled peptides. Through facile derivatization and functionalization steps, SAHs can be tailored for a broad range of applications in biochemical, structural, proteomic, cellular, and in vivo studies. Curr. Protoc. Chem. Biol. 3:99‐117 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Triple‐Addition Assay Protocols for Detecting and Characterizing Modulators of Seven‐Transmembrane Receptors
Authors: David Weaver C. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe detection and characterization of seven‐transmembrane‐receptor modulators (orthosteric binding site agonists, antagonists, and more recently allosteric modulators) is an area of intense interest for both drug discovery and basic research. Traditionally, assays used to detect and characterize these different modes of modulation have been executed as separate, discrete protocols focused on a particular mode of action (e.g., agonism). In recent years, investigators have begun to combine aspects of these separate protocols to produce methods that detect multiple modes of modulation simultaneously. The power of such approaches is revealed not only in conservation of time and resources, but more importantly in a superior ability to discover and characterize novel modulators of the targets of interest. The protocols in this article describe a general procedure for developing, validating, and utilizing triple‐addition assays to enable the simultaneous detection and characterization of multiple modes of seven‐transmembrane‐receptor modulation.Curr. Protoc. Chem. Biol. 3:119‐140 © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Towards the Next Level of Bioinspired Dry Adhesives: New Designs and Applications
Authors: Kwak Moon Kyu , Pang Changhyun , Jeong Hoon‐Eui , Kim Hong‐Nam , Yoon Hyunsik , Jung Ho‐Sup , Suh Kahp‐Yang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThis Feature Article aims to highlight our recent efforts to develop more robust gecko‐inspired dry adhesives and their applications. Due to recent progress in micro‐ and nanofabrication techniques, it is possible to fabricate highly sophisticated multiscale, hierarchical structures using various polymer materials. In addition, the adhesion strength of synthetic dry adhesives has been shown to be similar to or exceed that of real gecko foot‐hair by several times. Therefore, it is timely and appropriate to drive the research of gecko‐inspired dry adhesives into a new epoch by investigating more robust dry adhesive structures, efficient detachment mechanisms, and new applications. In this Feature Article, we present a series of our recent achievements to overcome some of the limitations of gecko‐like hair structures such as rough surface adaptation, durability, and controlled geometry, with particular emphasis on materials issues and detachment mechanism. For potential applications, a clean transportation device and a biomedical skin patch are briefly described to expand the application realm from the well‐known wall climbing robot.
Monolithic, Hierarchical Surface Reliefs by Holographic Photofluidization of Azopolymer Arrays: Direct Visualization of Polymeric Flows
Authors: Kang Hong Suk , Lee Seungwoo , Park Jung‐Ki 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHierarchically ordered, monolithic surface reliefs have attracted a great deal of interest due to their applications in advanced photonics and interface sciences. While many impressive achievements in fabrication of such surface reliefs have been made over the last decade, all established methods are still restricted by a number of factors, such as limited control of structural features, inherently induced structural defects, impractically low throughput, and technical barriers caused by mechanical contact. Herein, a deterministic and scalable fabrication of hierarchically ordered, monolithic surface reliefs by holographic photofluidization of azopolymer line arrays is demonstrated. In particular, it is shown that the structural features of monolithic surface reliefs including shapes and modulation heights can be deterministically tunable by adjusting the polarization and irradiation time of the holographic interference pattern. Moreover, by a direct visualization of azopolymeric flow according to the light polarization, a long‐standing question about the origin of surface‐relief‐grating formation on azopolymer film is addressed in terms of polymeric flows. Finally, as proof of concept for the practical application of the obtained hierarchical surface reliefs, dependence of wetting properties on modulating height is demonstrated.
Efficiency Enhancement of Polymer Solar Cells Based on Poly(3‐hexylthiophene)/Indene‐C70 Bisadduct via Methylthiophene Additive
Authors: Sun Yeping , Cui Chaohua , Wang Haiqiao , Li Yongfang 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPhotovoltaic performance of polymer solar cells based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the donor and indene‐C70 bisadduct (IC70BA) as the acceptor is improved by adding 3 vol% 3‐methylthiophene (MT) or 3‐hexylthiophene (HT) as processing additives. The results of UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction analysis and atomic force microscopy indicate that with the MT or HT processing additive, the active layer of the blend of P3HT/IC70BA showed strengthened absorbance, enhanced crystallinity and improved film morphology. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs was improved from 5.80% for the device without the additive to 6.35% for the device with HT additive and to 6.69% with MT additive. The PCE of 6.69% is the top value reported so far for the PSCs based on P3HT.
Prognosis of coma after therapeutic hypothermia: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Bouwes Aline , Binnekade Jan M. , Kuiper Michael A. , Bosch Frank H. , Zandstra Durk F. , Toornvliet Arnoud C. , Biemond Hazra S. , Kors Bas M. , Koelman Johannes H.T.M. , Verbeek Marcel M. , Weinstein Henry C. , Hijdra Albert , Horn Janneke 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjective:This study was designed to establish the reliability of neurologic examination, neuron‐specific enolase (NSE), and median nerve somatosensory‐evoked potentials (SEPs) to predict poor outcome in patients treated with mild hypothermia after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Methods:This multicenter prospective cohort study included adult comatose patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after CPR and treated with hypothermia (32–34°C). False‐positive rates (FPRs 1 − specificity) with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for pupillary light responses, corneal reflexes, and motor scores 72 hours after CPR; NSE levels at admission, 12 hours after reaching target temperature, and 36 hours and 48 hours after collapse; and SEPs during hypothermia and after rewarming. The primary outcome was poor outcome, defined as death, vegetative state, or severe disability (Glasgow Outcome Scale 1–3) after 6 months.Results:Of 391 patients included, 53% had a poor outcome. Absent pupillary light responses (FPR 1; 95% CI, 0–7) or absent corneal reflexes (FPR 4; 95% CI, 1–13) 72 hours after CPR, and absent SEPs during hypothermia (FPR 3; 95% CI, 1–7) and after rewarming (FPR 0; 95% CI, 0–18) were reliable predictors. Motor scores 72 hours after CPR (FPR 10; 95% CI, 6–16) and NSE levels were not.Interpretation:In patients with persisting coma after CPR and therapeutic hypothermia, use of motor score or NSE, as recommended in current guidelines, could possibly lead to inappropriate withdrawal of treatment. Poor outcomes can reliably be predicted by testing brainstem reflexes 72 hours after CPR and performing SEP. ANN NEUROL 2012;71:206–212
Anatomical Sciences Education Vol. 4, Issue 5, 2011 Cover Image
Authors: Moore Charleen M. , Lowe Constance , Lawrence Jane , Borchers Penelope 
Published: September 2011

AbstractDrawing session from an art and anatomy workshop for medical students at the University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio and art students at the University of Texas at San Antonio.A current trend in medical education is to integrate aspects of the humanities into the medical school curriculum. In this issue of ASE, Dr. Charleen Moore and her colleagues describe an art and anatomy workshop that uses drawing exercises to increase observational skills, to foster the development of humanistic sensitivities, and to emphasize the emotional aspects of dealing with mortality. (Photograph by Penelope Borchers).
A Reversible Protection Strategy To Improve Fmoc‐SPPS of Peptide Thioesters by the N‐Acylurea Approach
Authors: Mahto Santosh K. , Howard Cecil J. , Shimko John C. , Ottesen Jennifer J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractC‐terminal peptide thioesters are an essential component of the native chemical ligation approach for the preparation of fully or semisynthetic proteins. However, the efficient generation of C‐terminal thioesters by Fmoc solid‐phase peptide synthesis remains a challenge. The recent N‐acylurea approach to thioester synthesis relies on the deactivation of one amine of 3,4‐diaminobenzoic acid (Dbz) during Fmoc SPPS. Here, we demonstrate that this approach results in the formation of side products through the over‐acylation of Dbz, particularly when applied to Gly‐rich sequences. We find that orthogonal allyloxycarbonyl (Alloc) protection of a single Dbz amine eliminates these side products. We introduce a protected Fmoc‐Dbz(Alloc) base resin that may be directly used for synthesis with most C‐terminal amino acids. Following synthesis, quantitative removal of the Alloc group allows conversion to the active N‐acyl‐benzimidazolinone (Nbz) species, which can be purified and converted in situ to thioester under ligation conditions. This method is compatible with the automated preparation of peptide–Nbz conjugates. We demonstrate that Dbz protection improves the synthetic purity of Gly‐rich peptide sequences derived from histone H4, as well as a 44‐residue peptide from histone H3.
Pou5f1/oct4 in pluripotency control: Insights from zebrafish
Authors: Onichtchouk Daria 
Published: September 2011

AbstractGastrulation in vertebrates is a conserved process, which involves transition from cellular pluripotency to early precursors of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. Pluripotency control during this stage is far from being understood. Recent genetic and transcriptomic studies in zebrafish suggest that the core pluripotency transcription factors (TFs) Pou5f1 and TFs of the SoxB1 group are critically involved in large‐scale temporal coordination of gene expression during gastrulation. A significant number of evolutionary conserved target genes of Pou5f1 in zebrafish are also involved in stem‐cell circuit in mammalian ES cell cultures. Here, I will review the roles of Pou5f1 in development and discuss the evolutionary conservation of Pou5f1 functions and their relation to pluripotency control. genesis 50:75–85, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Chiral analysis of helquats by capillary electrophoresis: Resolution of helical N‐heteroaromatic dications using randomly sulfated cyclodextrins
Authors: Koval Dušan , Severa Lukáš , Adriaenssens Louis , Vávra Jan , Teplý Filip , Kašička Václav 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEnantiomers of helical N‐heteroaromatic dications, helquats, were separated by CE. An acidic 22/35 mM sodium/phosphate background electrolyte, pH 2.4, with addition of randomly sulfated α‐, β‐ and γ‐ cyclodextrins allowed enantioresolution of a series of helquats, which comprised 5, 6 and 7 fused rings participating in the helical backbone. In general, at least one of the chiral selectors was found to provide baseline separation for 22 out of 24 helquats and partial separation for the remaining two. Individually, the sulfated γ‐cyclodextrin turned out to separate 79% of the helquats, followed by the β‐ and α‐congeners with 54 and 42% of the resolved compounds, respectively. Migration order of enantiomers was inspected for selected helquats and a relation of molecular size of the analytes to a cavity of the cyclodextrin selectors is discussed.