bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying material and energy flow analysis to assess urban metabolism in the context of the circular economy
Authors: Papageorgiou Asterios , Björklund Anna , Sinha Rajib 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith the circular economy (CE) gaining more traction worldwide, local authorities are engaging in efforts to develop circular strategies at the urban level. Developing and monitoring such strategies require detailed quantitative information on material and energy flows, which can be obtained through an urban metabolism (UM) analysis. This study demonstrates a bottom‐up approach to analyze UM at the sectoral level based on material and energy flow analysis (MEFA), aiming to examine its utility within the context of the CE. The analysis is performed for Umeå urban area (Sweden) with a 5‐year timeframe (2017–2021). The application of MEFA provides a detailed quantitative description of material and energy flows per sector, indicating the critical sectors in terms of resource consumption and waste generation and the most significant flows. More specifically, it reveals that the construction sector and households are key sectors within Umeå’s UM and that construction materials, food products, fossil fuels, and drinking water are significant metabolic flows. Furthermore, the application of MEFA with a multi‐year timeframe uncovers trends in consumption rates of materials and generation rates of waste and emissions, revealing, for example, the correlation of material consumption and waste generation with the level of construction activity. Overall, by illustrating the potential of MEFA to provide a detailed quantitative analysis of material and energy flows, this study emphasizes its utility in supporting the design and monitoring of circular strategies at the urban level. At the same time, it highlights limitations of the method and suggests areas for future research.
Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Cervical Cancer Knowledge Scale
Authors: Ergöz Aksoy Selcan Zeynep , Bilgiç Dilek 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Turkish adaptation of The Cervical Cancer Knowledge Scale (CCKS‐T). This scale was designed for the assessment of cervical cancer knowledge levels among women in the screening period.MethodsResearch was conducted with 307 women aged 21–65 years, who satisfied the eligibility criteria and agreed to participate. Data were collected via an online survey conducted during July and August 2023, utilizing both a Descriptive Information Form and the CCKS‐T. To confirm the validity of the scale, language and content validity assessments were conducted, in addition to confirmatory factor analysis. The scale's reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha, item‐total correlation analysis, and a test–retest analysis. The scale consisted of eight items.ResultsThe content validity index of the scale items was found to be 1.0 with excellent sensitivity. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the item factor loadings varied between 0.31 and 0.81 and the model had a good fit (x2/df = 2.200; GFI = 0.96; CFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.063). Cronbach's alpha of the Turkish version of the scale was found to be 0.80.ConclusionThe CCKS‐T demonstrates both validity and reliability as an instrument for the assessment of Turkish women's knowledge about cervical cancer.
Within‐group sex ratios predict growth of social mole‐rats
Authors: Bensch H. M. , Thorley J. , Finn K. T. , Zöttl M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGroups of wild animals can vary considerably in their composition, including in the proportion of group members who are male or female, that is the within‐group sex ratio. Variation in within‐group sex ratios can arise from active adjustment of litter sex ratios by mothers, from sex differences in mortality, dispersal and immigration, or from stochastic variation in recruitment. Variation in the within‐group sex ratio can have consequences for within‐group competition and can affect individual life histories throughout development. In this paper, we explore which processes may generate variation in within‐group sex ratios in wild Damaraland mole‐rats (Fukomys damarensis), a singular cooperative breeder. We investigate whether within‐group sex ratios predict the growth, body condition and philopatry of individuals. We show that although the population‐level sex ratio is balanced, skewed within‐group sex ratios are common, particularly among small groups. Our data suggests that stochastic variation in the sex of recruits explains natural variation in the sex ratio of wild groups. Non‐breeding individuals in groups with a sex ratio biased towards their own sex grow more slowly than individuals in groups biased towards the opposite sex, suggesting that intra‐sexual competition may decrease growth rates. We suggest that the costs of competition may contribute to the large variation in growth observed in social mole‐rat groups.
Tinea faciei clinical characteristics, causative agents, treatments and outcomes; a retrospective study in Thailand
Authors: Khiewplueang Kritsada , Leeyaphan Charussri , Bunyaratavej Sumanas , Jirawattanadon Pattriya , Saengthong‐aram Phuwakorn , Matthapan Lalita , Prasong Waranyoo , Panyawong Chatisa , Plengpanich Akkarapong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTinea faciei is a relatively uncommon dermatophyte infection. The studies, which included clinical forms, and isolated species of dermatophytes, are limited.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study aims to determine the causative organism, clinical characteristics, treatments and outcomes of patients with tinea faciei attending the dermatologic clinic, Siriraj Hospital, from 1 January 2017 to 30 September 2021. Demographic data, clinical presentations, isolated dermatophyte species, treatments and outcomes were collected and analysed.ResultsA total of 151 tinea faciei cases were observed. Trichophyton rubrum (48.6%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex (22.2%) and Microsporum canis (18.1%) were common causative agents. Tinea faciei was commonly detected in females (64.9%) with a history of pets (54.6%). Clinical presentations often involved plaques and scales on the cheeks. Among patients with lesions on the cheek, mycological cure was observed significantly less often compared to those without cheek lesions. Patients with other concurrent skin or nail infections, a history of topical steroids and a history of previous fungal infection had a slightly longer duration of mycological cure than those without factors. Recurrent infection was found in 33.3%. Male, history of previous fungal infection, and lesions on the cheeks were significantly associated with recurrent infection.ConclusionsFungal infection of the face was commonly found in women and patients with pets. The most common pathogen that caused tinea faciei was T. rubrum. Topical antifungal treatments could be used with favourable outcomes. The history of past infection and lesion on the cheeks should be carefully assessed to be vigilant for recurrent infection.
A further involuntary contribution to naturalising nationalism
Authors: Duchesne Sophie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRobert Schertzer and Eric Taylor Woods' book analyses tweets posted by Donald Trump, Marine Le Pen and Brexit supporters in 2017 from a historical perspective in order to reveal the deep roots of white ethnic nationalism. This commentary questions the explanatory nature of the analysis, and highlights how the book inadvertently contributes to the ongoing naturalisation of nationalism, particularly in Western countries.
The efficacy of orthokeratology lenses with smaller back optic zone diameter in myopia control. A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhou Yongli , Li Huan , Hao Jiangdong , Pan Wei , Yang Zhikuan , Lan Weizhong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study was conducted to determine whether orthokeratology (OK) lenses with a smaller back optic zone diameter (BOZD) could exhibit stronger myopia control effects.MethodA meta‐analysis was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023408184). A comprehensive systematic database search was conducted, encompassing PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Ovid, CNKI and CBM, to identify relevant studies up to 25 March 2023. The primary inclusion criteria for this meta‐analysis were studies that investigated the myopia control effect of OK lenses with a small optical treatment area (≤5 mm). To assess the quality of the retrieved articles, two researchers evaluated them using the Cochrane bias risk assessment criteria. The primary outcome measures were the changes in axial length (AL) and refractive error, using the weighted mean differences (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) to assess differences between small and traditional back optical treatment zone groups in terms of these outcomes.ResultsThe analysis encompassed five eligible studies, with a 1 year duration. The average difference in AL between the groups was 0.12 mm (WMD = −0.12, 95% CI [−0.16, −0.09], p < 0.00001). Likewise, the average difference in refractive error between the two groups was 0.44 D (WMD = 0.44, 95% CI [0.30, 0.57], p < 0.00001). None of the studies reported severe adverse events.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that OK lenses with smaller back optical treatment zone are more effective in preventing myopia progression than traditional lenses. However, a longer‐term evaluation is warranted.
Key influences of VDD (DX) ICD selection: Results from a prospective, national survey
Authors: Vamos Mate , Nemeth Marianna , Kesoi Bence , Papp Roland , Polgar Balazs , Ruppert Mihaly , Mikler Csaba , Liptak Attila , Selley Torda , Balazs Tibor , Szili‐Torok Tamas , Zima Endre , Zoltan Duray Gabor ,   investigators of the Hungarian DX Survey
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTo preserve the benefit of atrial sensing without the implantation of an additional lead, a single‐lead ICD system with a floating atrial dipole (DX ICD) has been developed. The purpose of this nationwide survey was to provide an overview of the current key influences of device selection focusing on DX ICD and to test the applicability of a previously published decision‐making flowchart of ICD‐type selection.MethodsAn online questionnaire was sent to all implanting centers in Hungary. Eleven centers reported data from 361 DX ICD and 10 CRT‐DX systems implantations between February 2021 and May 2023.ResultsThe most important influencing clinical factors indicated by the participating doctors were elevated risk of atrial fibrillation (AF)/stroke (56%), risk of sinus/supraventricular tachycardias (SVT) (42%), and a potential need for CRT upgrade in the future (36%). The DX ICD was considered in the majority of cases instead of the VVI system (87%), and only in a small proportion instead of a DDD ICD (13%). 60% of the patients with DX ICDs were also included into remote monitoring‐based follow‐up. In 83% of the cases, good (>2 mV) or excellent (>5) atrial signal amplitude was recorded within 6 weeks after the implantation.ConclusionIn the current national survey, the most important influencing factors indicated by the implanters for selecting a DX ICD were the elevated risk of stroke or sinus/SVT and a potential need for CRT upgrade in the future. These findings support the use of a previously published decision‐making flowchart.
Musculocontractural type of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome with novel CHST14 pathogenic variant in two siblings
Authors: KS Aswanth , Sarkar Namrata , Bhatia Riti , Singh Vivek , Sharma Shruti , Verma Prashant Kumar 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMusculocontractural Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (MC‐EDS) is a rare entity worldwide with underlying pathogenic variant in the carbohydrate sulfotransferase 14 (CHST14) gene. Previous reports of the same entity from India were of two unrelated cases. Ours is the first report of two siblings in an Indian family with craniofacial dysmorphism and distal arthrogryposis with a clinical diagnosis of EDS, where an underlying pathogenic variant in CHST14 was detected by exome sequencing.
Child healthcare nurses’ experience of communication with 4‐year‐old children during their visit to the child health care center
Authors: Lind Britt‐Marie , Wigert Helena , Jenholt Nolbris Margaretha , Patriksson Katarina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo illuminate child healthcare nurses’ experiences of communication with 4‐year‐old children during their visit to the child healthcare center.DesignA qualitative method, using data collected from individual interviews.SampleFifteen semistructured interviews with nurses working in a child healthcare center.MeasurementsThe results were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThe analysis resulted in three themes and eight subthemes: Adapting to the child in the conversation, based on the subthemes Preparing for the visit, Listening in and observing, and Creating a welcoming environment; Combining strategies for the conversation, based on the subthemes Engaging the child, Using visual tools, and Parental involvement; and Challenges due to language barriers, based on the subthemes Using an interpreter and Parent acts as interpreter.ConclusionChild healthcare nurses focus on the child when communicating and strive to create joy and a welcoming environment. The communication strategies employed during the visit include engaging the child directly, involving parents in the conversation, and balancing the parental involvement. Communication challenges related to language barriers are addressed, particularly during interpreter‐assisted conversations. The study indicates a need for tailored strategies, collaboration, and sensitivity to ensure a child‐centered approach.
Postcolonial experiences of Chinese aid: Encountering and welcoming South–South aid from the middle
Authors: Sou Gemma , Day Jennifer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper explores how public servants in aid‐recipient countries perceive and encounter the development structures and normative discourses of South–South partnerships. The paper draws on interviews with senior public servants in the Antigua and Barbuda government who interface directly with Chinese aid delivery. The public servants perceive that ‘Northern’ development models have largely failed and that ‘Southern’ donors can facilitate alternative development pathways. They understand that South–South partnerships give aid‐recipient countries greater control over their development futures, invoking some of the original radicalism of South–South partnerships. The public servants also perceive that Western critiques of Chinese aid are underpinned by orientalism, and they reject notions that they are being passively integrated into the Chinese government's global vision. Yet, they do not passively internalise the normative discourses on South–South partnerships. This paper advances a multi‐scalar postcolonial geographical analysis of South–South partnerships and will be of interest to those exploring how aid‐recipient countries navigate the politics and power relations of the contemporary global aid landscape. The paper also advances debates on how subaltern geopolitics play out in the context of increasing South–South partnerships. Finally, with its focus on South–South partnerships, the paper contributes to the aid ethnographies literature.
Impact of a single blood donation on hemoglobin mass, iron stores, and maximum oxygen uptake in pre‐menopausal women—A pilot study
Authors: Wachsmuth Nadine B. , Haupt Sandra , Bauer Philipp , Schierbauer Janis R. , Treff Gunnar , Steinacker Jürgen M. , Rilstone Sian , Schmidt Walter F. J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuring whole blood donation (BD), 500 mL of blood is drawn. The time interval between two BDs is at least 8–12 weeks. This period might be insufficient for restoring hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) and iron especially in women, who generally have lower Hbmass and iron availability. Since both variables influence physical performance, this pilot study aimed to monitor Hbmass, iron status, and maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) recovery in women after a single BD.Study Design and MethodsIn 10 women (24.7 ± 1.7 years), Hbmass, hemoglobin concentration [Hb], iron status, and V̇O2max were assessed before and up to 12 weeks after a single BD.ResultsBD reduced Hbmass from 562 ± 70 g to 499 ± 64 g (p < .001). Although after 8 weeks no significant mean difference was detected, 7 women had not returned to baseline after 12 weeks. [Hb] did not return to initial values (13.4 ± 0.7 g/dL) after 12 weeks (12.9 ± 0.7 g/dL, p < .01). Ferritin decreased from baseline until week 6 (40.9 ± 34.2 ng/mL vs. 12.1 ± 6.9 ng/mL, p < .05) and was not restored after 12 weeks (18.4 ± 12.7 ng/mL, p < .05), with 6 out of 10 women exhibiting iron deficiency (ferritin <15 ng/mL). V̇O2max was reduced by 213 ± 47 mL/min (7.2 ± 1.2%; p < .001) and remained below baseline after 12 weeks (3.2 ± 1.4%, p < .01).DiscussionFor most pre‐menopausal women, 12 weeks were not sufficient to recover from BD and achieve baseline Hbmass and iron stores resulting in prolonged reduction of aerobic capacity. A subsequent BD might lead to a severe anemia.
An Experimental Study of Porous Coated Hybrid Elliptical Heating Tubes in Phase Change Heat Transfer
Authors: Mohanty Rajiva Lochan , Das Mihir Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Porous coating over hybrid elliptical heating tubes (HETs) is presented as the state-of-the-art in heat transmission during phase change maintaining its wide-ranging applicability. The saturated nucleate boiling heat transfer performance of porous coated hybrid elliptical heating tubes (CHETs) exposed to varying orientation angles is compared to that of conventional circular tubes in an accompanying experimental study conducted at atmospheric pressure. Four different copper porous coating thicknesses are varied from 34 μm to 128 μm with a heat flux range of 14.87–94.82 kW/m2. A greater coefficient of heat transfer is claimed for the CHET compared to the uncoated circular tube, regardless of the orientation angle or coating thickness. The uncoated and porous CHET provided a greater coefficient of heat transmission at 0 deg than at 90 deg. At 0 deg orientation angle, the coating with a thickness of 66 μm improves heat transmission by 1.27–1.5 times than that of uncoated surface, while minimum enhancement about 1.16–1.24 times is found in 34 μm. Furthermore, a dimensionless semi-empirical correlation is established to predict own heat transmission coefficient findings within ±12%, independent of coating thicknesses and orientation angles.
Optimization of 3D Printing While Traveling En Route to Extend Range of Unmanned Aircraft Systems for Multilocation Mission Scenarios
Authors: Dickerson Tevin J. , Salmon John L. , Mattson Christopher A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The nexus of two relatively recent technologies, additive manufacturing and unmanned aircraft systems (UAS), has enabled new and unique capabilities that have only started to be realized in integrated systems. This article explores and quantifies the impact of 3D printing parts for UAS, or entire UAS systems, on an agent platform, while this agent travels to multiple locations as part of a mission objective. The fully printed or enhanced UAS can then be released at launch points farther away from the goal locations. This, in turn, can accelerate mission completion times and reduce travel costs depending upon the ratio between vehicle speed and 3D printing rate. Thousands of scenarios are optimized across the design space to minimize the travel path length for the agent platform as a result of 3D printing en route to the locations of interest. Results indicate that based on the print capability and agent travel speed, an exponential decay in the amount of travel distance of the agent platform occurs. For unity ratios of print speed and agent speed in the considered design space, a decrease of 55% in the total required distance of our agent is observed. This reduction in total travel distance can reduce time, fuel, cost, and other aspects including other environmental and social impacts. A generalized optimization formulation is also presented at the end to enable similar analyses with other en route range-extending technology such as battery charging.
A Superposition Technique for Predicting Overall Effectiveness With Multiple Sources of Individually Characterized Internal and External Coolant Flows
Authors: Fuqua Matthew N. , Rutledge James L. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
High-performance gas turbine engines rely on intricate cooling schemes to protect turbine components from the high-temperature freestream gas. Determining the optimal placement of film cooling holes in optimal locations while remaining mindful of the consumption of precious coolant air is therefore an interesting design challenge. For several decades, a method of superposition has been in use that provides a reasonable prediction of the adiabatic effectiveness in a region influenced by multiple rows of film cooling holes acting together if the adiabatic effectiveness distributions resulting from individual rows are already known. This classical superposition technique has been used with success to at least provide a first cut at determining where coolant holes might be placed on turbine components. One of the shortcomings of the method is that it strictly applies only to the prediction of adiabatic effectiveness which is indicative of the adiabatic wall temperature, not the actual surface temperature of the turbine component. Indeed, the overall effectiveness, which is indicative of the actual surface temperature, is somewhat more complicated as it is influenced not only by external cooling but also by internal cooling. In the present work, a method of superposition of overall effectiveness data is proposed, thereby allowing prediction of the actual surface temperature distribution on a component. Experimental results show that it is possible to use knowledge of the overall effectiveness distributions resulting from individual internal cooling and associated film cooling holes acting alone to determine how they are likely going to act when combined. This technique shows promise for a turbine designer to use superposition for actual surface temperature prediction, not just adiabatic wall temperature prediction, and therefore higher quality initial cooling designs.