bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancestry-related assortative mating in Latino populations
Authors: Risch Neil , Choudhry Shweta , Via Marc , Basu Analabha , Sebro Ronnie , Eng Celeste , Beckman Kenneth , Thyne Shannon , Chapela Rocio , Rodriguez-Santana Jose R , Rodriguez-Cintron William , Avila Pedro C , Ziv Elad , Gonzalez Burchard Esteban 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Background
While spouse correlations have been documented for numerous traits, no prior studies have assessed assortative mating for genetic ancestry in admixed populations.

Results
Using 104 ancestry informative markers, we examined spouse correlations in genetic ancestry for Mexican spouse pairs recruited from Mexico City and the San Francisco Bay Area, and Puerto Rican spouse pairs recruited from Puerto Rico and New York City. In the Mexican pairs, we found strong spouse correlations for European and Native American ancestry, but no correlation in African ancestry. In the Puerto Rican pairs, we found significant spouse correlations for African ancestry and European ancestry but not Native American ancestry. Correlations were not attributable to variation in socioeconomic status or geographic heterogeneity. Past evidence of spouse correlation was also seen in the strong evidence of linkage disequilibrium between unlinked markers, which was accounted for in regression analysis by ancestral allele frequency difference at the pair of markers (European versus Native American for Mexicans, European versus African for Puerto Ricans). We also observed an excess of homozygosity at individual markers within the spouses, but this provided weaker evidence, as expected, of spouse correlation. Ancestry variance is predicted to decline in each generation, but less so under assortative mating. We used the current observed variances of ancestry to infer even stronger patterns of spouse ancestry correlation in previous generations.

Conclusions
Assortative mating related to genetic ancestry persists in Latino populations to the current day, and has impacted on the genomic structure in these populations.
Differences in Clinical Trial Patient Attributes and Outcomes According to Enrollment Setting
Authors: Lamont Elizabeth B. , Landrum Mary Beth , Keating Nancy L. , Archer Laura , Lan Lan , Strauss Gary M. , Lilenbaum Rogerio , Niell Harvey B. , Maurer L. Herbert , Kosty Michael P. , Miller Antonius A. , Clamon Gerald H. , Elias Anthony D. , McClay Edward F. , Vokes Everett E. , McNeil Barbara J. 
Published: November 2009

Purpose During the last 25 years, National Cancer Institute (NCI) cooperative trial groups have extended trial networks from academic centers to include certain community and Veterans Health Administration (VHA) centers. We compared trial patients' attributes and outcomes by these enrollment settings. Patients and Methods Studying 2,708 patients on one of 10 cooperative group, randomized lung trials at 272 institutions, we compared patient attributes by enrollment setting (ie, academic, community, and VHA affiliates). We used adjusted Cox regression to evaluate for survival differences by setting. Results Main member institutions enrolled 44% of patients; community affiliates enrolled 44%; and VHAs enrolled 12%. Patient attributes (ie, case-mix) of age, ethnicity, sex, and performance status varied by enrollment setting. After analysis was adjusted for patient case-mix, no mortality differences by enrollment setting were noted. Conclusion Although trial patients with primarily advanced-stage lung cancer from nonacademic centers were older and had worse performance statuses than those from academic centers, survival did not differ by enrollment setting after analysis accounted for patient heterogeneity. An answer for whether long-term outcomes for patients at community and VHA centers affiliated with cooperative trial groups are equivalent to those at academic centers when care is delivered through NCI trials requires additional research among patients with longer survival horizons.
Prevalence, Demographics, and Psychological Associations of Sleep Disruption in Patients With Cancer: University of Rochester Cancer Center–Community Clinical Oncology Program
Authors: Palesh Oxana G. , Roscoe Joseph A. , Mustian Karen M. , Roth Thomas , Savard Josée , Ancoli-Israel Sonia , Heckler Charles , Purnell Jason Q. , Janelsins Michelle C. , Morrow Gary R. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeSleep disruption is prevalent in patients with cancer and survivors, but the prevalence of insomnia, a distressing sleep disorder, in these populations has yet to be determined in large-scale studies.Patients and MethodsA total of 823 patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy (mean age, 58 years; 597 female patients) reported on sleep difficulties in a prospective study.ResultsDuring day 7 of cycle 1 of chemotherapy, 36.6% (n = 301) of the patients with cancer reported insomnia symptoms, and 43% (n = 362) met the diagnostic criteria for insomnia syndrome. Patients with cancer younger than 58 years were significantly more likely to experience either symptoms of insomnia or insomnia syndrome (χ2= 13.6; P = .0002). Patients with breast cancer had the highest number of overall insomnia complaints. A significant positive association was found between symptoms of insomnia during cycles 1 and 2 of chemotherapy (ϕ = .62, P < .0001), showing persistence of insomnia during the first two cycles of chemotherapy. Sixty percent of the patient sample reported that their insomnia symptoms remained unchanged from cycle 1 to cycle 2. Those with insomnia complaints had significantly more depression and fatigue than good sleepers (all P < .0001).ConclusionThe proportions of patients with cancer in this sample reporting symptoms of insomnia and meeting diagnostic criteria for insomnia syndrome during chemotherapy are approximately three times higher than the proportions reported in the general population. Insomnia complaints persist throughout the second chemotherapy cycle for the majority of patients with cancer in this study. Insomnia is prevalent, underrecognized, undermanaged, and understudied among patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy.
Long-Term Results of the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial Evaluating Adjuvant Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in Resected Lung Cancer
Authors: Arriagada Rodrigo , Dunant Ariane , Pignon Jean-Pierre , Bergman Bengt , Chabowski Mariusz , Grunenwald Dominique , Kozlowski Miroslaw , Le Péchoux Cécile , Pirker Robert , Pinel Maria-Izabel Sathler , Tarayre Michèle , Le Chevalier Thierry 
Published: November 2009

PurposeBased on 5-year or shorter-term follow-up data in recent randomized trials, adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy is now generally recommended after complete surgical resection for patients with non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated the results of the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial study with three additional years of follow-up.Patients and MethodsPatients with completely resected NSCLC were randomly assigned to three or four cycles of cisplatin-based chemotherapy or to observation. Cox models were used to evaluate treatment effect according to follow-up duration.ResultsThe trial included 1,867 patients with a median follow-up of 7.5 years. Results showed a beneficial effect of adjuvant chemotherapy on overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.02; P = .10) and on disease-free survival (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78 to 0.98; P = .02). However, there was a significant difference between the results of overall survival before and after 5 years of follow-up (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.76 to 0.97; P = .01 v HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.07; P = .04) with P = .006 for interaction. Similar results were observed for disease-free survival. The analysis of non-lung cancer deaths for the whole period showed an HR of 1.34 (95% CI, 0.99 to 1.81; P = .06).ConclusionThese results confirm the significant efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy at 5 years. The difference in results beyond 5 years of follow-up underscores the need for the long-term follow-up of other adjuvant lung cancer trials and for a better identification of patients deriving long-term benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
Randomized Phase III Trial of Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin Compared With Observation in Completely Resected Stage IB and II Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Updated Survival Analysis of JBR-10
Authors: Butts Charles A. , Ding Keyue , Seymour Lesley , Twumasi-Ankrah Philip , Graham Barbara , Gandara David , Johnson David H. , Kesler Kenneth A. , Green Mark , Vincent Mark , Cormier Yvon , Goss Glenwood , Findlay Brian , Johnston Michael , Tsao Ming-Sound , Shepherd Frances A. 
Published: November 2009

Purpose Adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy (ACT) is now an accepted standard for completely resected stage II and III A non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Long-term follow-up is important to document persistent benefit and late toxicity. We report here updated overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) data. Patients and Methods Patients with completely resected stage IB (T2N0, n = 219) or II (T1-2N1, n = 263) NSCLC were randomly assigned to receive 4 cycles of vinorelbine/cisplatin or observation. All efficacy analyses were performed on an intention-to-treat basis. Results Median follow-up was 9.3 years (range, 5.8 to 13.8; 33 lost to follow-up); there were 271 deaths in 482 randomly assigned patients. ACT continues to show a benefit (hazard ratio [HR], 0.78; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.99; P = .04). There was a trend for interaction with disease stage (P = .09; HR for stage II, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.5 to 0.92; P = .01; stage IB, HR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.7 to 1.52; P = .87). ACT resulted in significantly prolonged DSS (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.97; P = .03). Observation was associated with significantly higher risk of death from lung cancer (P = .02), with no difference in rates of death from other causes or second primary malignancies between the arms. Conclusion Prolonged follow-up of patients from the JBR.10 trial continues to show a benefit in survival for adjuvant chemotherapy. This benefit appears to be confined to N1 patients. There was no increase in death from other causes in the chemotherapy arm.
Daily Oral Everolimus Activity in Patients With Metastatic Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors After Failure of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy: A Phase II Trial
Authors: Yao James C. , Lombard-Bohas Catherine , Baudin Eric , Kvols Larry K. , Rougier Philippe , Ruszniewski Philippe , Hoosen Sakina , St. Peter Jessica , Haas Tomas , Lebwohl David , Van Cutsem Eric , Kulke Matthew H. , Hobday Timothy J. , O'Dorisio Thomas M. , Shah Manisha H. , Cadiot Guillaume , Luppi Gabriele , Posey James A. , Wiedenmann Bertram 
Published: November 2009

Purpose No established treatment exists for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) progression after failure of chemotherapy. Everolimus (RAD001), an oral inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin, in combination with octreotide has demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity in patients with NETs. Patients and Methods This open-label, phase II study assessed the clinical activity of everolimus in patients with metastatic pancreatic NETs who experienced progression on or after chemotherapy. Patients were stratified by prior octreotide therapy (stratum 1: everolimus 10 mg/d, n = 115; stratum 2: everolimus 10 mg/d plus octreotide long-acting release [LAR], n = 45). Tumor assessments (using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) were performed every 3 months. Chromogranin A (CgA) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) were assessed monthly if elevated at baseline. Trough concentrations of everolimus and octreotide were assessed. Results By central radiology review, in stratum 1, there were 11 partial responses (9.6%), 78 patients (67.8%) with stable disease (SD), and 16 patients (13.9%) with progressive disease; median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.7 months. In stratum 2, there were two partial responses (4.4%), 36 patients (80%) with SD, and no patients with progressive disease; median PFS was 16.7 months. Patients with an early CgA or NSE response had a longer PFS compared with patients without an early response. Coadministration of octreotide LAR and everolimus did not impact exposure to either drug. Most adverse events were mild to moderate and were consistent with those previously seen with everolimus. Conclusion Daily everolimus, with or without concomitant octreotide LAR, demonstrates antitumor activity as measured by objective response rate and PFS and is well tolerated in patients with advanced pancreatic NETs after failure of prior systemic chemotherapy.
Cytidine Deaminase Residual Activity in Serum Is a Predictive Marker of Early Severe Toxicities in Adults After Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapies
Authors: Ciccolini Joseph , Dahan Laetitia , André Nicolas , Evrard Alexandre , Duluc Muriel , Blesius Aurore , Yang Chenguang , Giacometti Sarah , Brunet Caroline , Raynal Caroline , Ortiz Adrien , Frances Nicolas , Iliadis Athanassios , Duffaud Florence , Seitz Jean-François , Mercier Cédric 
Published: November 2009

Purpose Anticipating toxicities with gemcitabine is an ongoing story, and deregulation in cytidine deaminase (CDA) could be associated with increased risk of developing early severe toxicities on drug exposure. Patients and Methods A simple test to evaluate CDA phenotypic status was first validated in an animal model investigating relationships between CDA activity and gemcitabine-related toxicities. Next, relevance of this test as a marker for toxicities was retrospectively tested in a first subset of 64 adult patients treated with gemcitabine alone, then it was tested in a larger group of 130 patients who received gemcitabine either alone or combined with other drugs and in 20 children. Additionally, search for the 435 T>C, 208 G>A and 79 A>C mutations on the CDA gene was performed. Results In mice, CDA deficiency impacted on gemcitabine pharmacokinetics and had subsequent lethal toxicities. In human, 12% of adult patients experienced early severe toxicities after gemcitabine administration. A significant difference in CDA activities was observed between patients with and without toxicities (1.2 ± 0.8 U/mg v 4 ± 2.6 U/mg; P < .01). Conversely, no genotype-to-phenotype relationships were found. Of note, the patients who displayed particularly reduced CDA activity all experienced strong toxicities. Gemcitabine was well tolerated in children, and no CDA deficiency was evidenced. Conclusion Our data suggest that CDA functional testing could be a simple and easy marker to discriminate adult patients at risk of developing severe toxicities with gemcitabine. Particularly, this study demonstrates that CDA deficiency, found in 7% of adult patients, is associated with a maximum risk of developing early severe toxicities with gemcitabine.
Carboplatin and Paclitaxel in Combination With Either Vorinostat or Placebo for First-Line Therapy of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Ramalingam Suresh S. , Maitland Michael L. , Frankel Paul , Argiris Athanassios E. , Koczywas Marianna , Gitlitz Barbara , Thomas Sachdev , Espinoza-Delgado Igor , Vokes Everett E. , Gandara David R. , Belani Chandra P. 
Published: November 2009

Purpose Vorinostat, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, exerts anticancer effects by both histone and nonhistone–mediated mechanisms. It also enhances the anticancer effects of platinum compounds and taxanes in non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. This phase II randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study evaluated the efficacy of vorinostat in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced-stage NSCLC. Patients and Methods Patients with previously untreated stage IIIB (ie, wet) or IV NSCLC were randomly assigned (2:1) to carboplatin (area under the curve, 6 mg/mL × min) and paclitaxel (200 mg/m2 day 3) with either vorinostat (400 mg by mouth daily) or placebo. Vorinostat or placebo was given on days 1 through 14 of each 3-week cycle to a maximum of six cycles. The primary end point was comparison of the response rate. Results Ninety-four patients initiated protocol therapy. Baseline patient characteristics were similar between the two arms. The median number of cycles was four for both treatment arms. The confirmed response rate was 34% with vorinostat versus 12.5% with placebo (P = .02). There was a trend toward improvement in median progression-free survival (6.0 months v 4.1 months; P = .48) and overall survival (13.0 months v 9.7 months; P = .17) in the vorinostat arm. Grade 4 platelet toxicity was more common with vorinostat (18% v 3%; P < .05). Nausea, emesis, fatigue, dehydration, and hyponatremia also were more frequent with vorinostat. Conclusion Vorinostat enhances the efficacy of carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC. HDAC inhibition is a promising therapeutic strategy for treatment of NSCLC.
Immunoglobulin G Fc Receptor FcγRIIIa 158 V/F Polymorphism Correlates With Rituximab-Induced Neutropenia After Autologous Transplantation in Patients With Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Weng Wen-Kai , Negrin Robert S. , Lavori Philip , Horning Sandra J. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeRituximab has been given after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for recurrent or refractory B-cell lymphoma with the goal of eradicating minimal residual disease. Our previous report showed that administration of two courses of rituximab after transplantation is feasible, with encouraging clinical outcomes after a short follow-up. However, neutropenia after the first or second post-transplantation rituximab treatment occurred in 52% of patients. We previously reported that polymorphisms of two immunoglobulin G Fc receptors predict rituximab response, presumably because of their role in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. In the current report, we determine whether FcγR polymorphisms are correlated with clinical outcomes in 33 patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who received post-transplantation rituximab.Patients and MethodsGenomic DNA was used for FcγRIIIa V/F or the FcγRIIa H/R genotyping. The FcγR polymorphisms were then correlated with the incidence of rituximab-induced neutropenia, event-free survival (EFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsThe FcγRIIIa 158 V allele dose was correlated with a higher incidence of rituximab-induced neutropenia. The odds of neutropenia after the first or second post-transplantation rituximab increased three-fold with each V allele (robust z = 2.08, P = .038). The FcγRIIa polymorphism had no impact on rituximab-induced neutropenia. We did not observe a correlation of either FcγRIIIa or FcγRIIa polymorphism with EFS or OS.ConclusionThe high affinity FcγRIIIa 158 V allele is associated with rituximab-induced neutropenia after autologous transplantation. This is a potential tool to identify a high-risk population for developing neutropenia after antibody therapy.
Red Cars with Red Lights and Red Drivers: Color, Crane, and Qualia
Authors: Gaskill Nicholas 
Published: November 2009

Gaskill's essay situates Stephen Crane's well-known fascination with color within the historical and philosophical contexts of the late-nineteenth century. The invention of bright synthetic dyes and pigments and their applications within emerging advertising culture combined with theories of color sensation and perception offered by empirical psychologists to produce new opportunities for and understandings of color experience. Color—increasingly puzzled over in the abstract, apart from any instantiations within objects—came to be regarded as an affective force with direct and controllable effects on human minds and bodies.
In stories such as “The Blue Hotel” and “The Broken-Down Van” and in the novels The Red Badge of Courage and The Third Violet, Crane draws from and contributes to these experiments with abstract or “pure” color. He uses color to explore the networks of sensation, perception, and language that constitute experience, and he develops a literary style that lifts the feeling of colors from their visual appearances in order to bring his language into contact with the sensory and affective force of color. In this regard, Crane's color techniques relate to late-nineteenth-century philosophical discussions of qualia. This essay elaborates on these themes and practices—touching on Goethe's Theory of Colours, Art Nouveau, the work of Charles Sanders Peirce, and chromotherapy—to offer an account of Crane's colors that revises critical accounts of his “impressionism” and that attends to historical understandings of the character of experience.
Synthesis of Metal-doped LiFePO4 from Nickel Laterite Lixivium
Authors: Li Ling-jun , Li Xin-hai , Wang Zhi-xing , Wu Ling , Zheng Jun-chao , Yan Hao , Guo Hua-jun 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Nickel laterite lixivium is purified by fast phosphate coprecipitation. ICP analysis confirms that Ni, Co, Mn recovery rates are 88.83, 92.66, 93.48%, respectively, and all iron is removed as FePO4·xH2O precursor with trace Al, Mg, Ni, and Mn elements. To evaluate the structure and electrochemical performance of FePO4·xH2O, metal-doped LiFePO4 is prepared from the as-prepared precursor. It is noted that the metal-doped LiFePO4 exhibits well-crystallized structure, homogeneous distribution, and excellent electrochemical properties.
Thiofluorination of Carbon–Carbon Multiple Bonds Using Electrochemically Generated ArS(ArSSAr)+BF4−
Authors: Fujie Shunsuke , Matsumoto Kouichi , Suga Seiji , Yoshida Jun-ichi 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
The reaction of alkenes and alkynes with ArS(ArSSAr)+BF4−, which was generated and accumulated by the low-temperature anodic oxidation of ArSSAr in Bu4NBF4/CH2Cl2, led to the addition of an ArS group and fluoride across the carbon–carbon multiple bond to give thiofluorinated compounds in good yields.
A Luminescent Oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) Wrapped with Amylose
Authors: Kato Nobu , Sanji Takanobu , Tanaka Masato 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
When wrapped with amylose, oligo(p-phenylenevinylene) exists in a state that is isolated from the external environment, thereby hampering the π–π interactions and displaying an intense blue emission arising from the chiral conformation of the main chain.
Synthesis of Noria-like Macrocycles Containing Alkoxy Groups based on a Dynamic Covalent Chemistry (DCC) System by the A2 + B4 Condensation
Authors: Niina Nobumitsu , Kudo Hiroto , Nishikubo Tadatomi 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
We succeeded in the synthesis of new noria-like macrocycles by condensation of 3-alkoxyphenol as A2 type monomers, and pentanedial as B4 type monomer. These condensation reactions were performed using several acids as catalysts in ethanol and CHCl3. It was found that these reactions proceeded by DCC to afford soluble polymers, oligomers, and noria-like ladder macrocycles. As the result, the selective synthesis of the targeted noria-like macrocycles was achieved successfully in high yields.