bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the operating conditions in a high precision industrial process using soft computing techniques
Authors: Corchado Emilio , Sedano Javier , Curiel Leticia , Villar José R. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis interdisciplinary research is based on the application of unsupervized connectionist architectures in conjunction with modelling systems and on the determining of the optimal operating conditions of a new high precision industrial process known as laser milling. Laser milling is a relatively new micro‐manufacturing technique in the production of high‐value industrial components. The industrial problem is defined by a data set relayed through standard sensors situated on a laser‐milling centre, which is a machine tool for manufacturing high‐value micro‐moulds, micro‐dies and micro‐tools. The new three‐phase industrial system presented in this study is capable of identifying a model for the laser‐milling process based on low‐order models. The first two steps are based on the use of unsupervized connectionist models. The first step involves the analysis of the data sets that define each case study to identify if they are informative enough or if the experiments have to be performed again. In the second step, a feature selection phase is performed to determine the main variables to be processed in the third step. In this last step, the results of the study provide a model for a laser‐milling procedure based on low‐order models, such as black‐box, in order to approximate the optimal form of the laser‐milling process. The three‐step model has been tested with real data obtained for three different materials: aluminium, cooper and hardened steel. These three materials are used in the manufacture of micro‐moulds, micro‐coolers and micro‐dies, high‐value tools for the medical and automotive industries among others. As the model inputs are standard data provided by the laser‐milling centre, the industrial implementation of the model is immediate. Thus, this study demonstrates how a high precision industrial process can be improved using a combination of artificial intelligence and identification techniques.
Clinical and imaging features of Othello’s syndrome
Authors: Graff‐Radford J. , Whitwell J. L. , Geda Y. E. , Josephs K. A. 
Published: April 2011

Background and Purpose:  Our objective was to document the clinical and imaging features of Othello’s syndrome (delusional jealousy).Methods:  The study design was a retrospective case series of 105 patients with Othello’s syndrome that were identified using the Electronic Medical Record system of Mayo Clinic.Results:  The average age at onset of Othello’s syndrome was 68 (25–94) years with 61.9% of patients being male. Othello’s syndrome was most commonly associated with a neurological disorder (73/105) compared with psychiatric disorders (32/105). Of the patients with a neurological disorder, 76.7% had a neurodegenerative disorder. Seven of eight patients with a structural lesion associated with Othello’s syndrome had right frontal lobe pathology. Voxel‐based morphometry showed greater gray matter loss predominantly in the dorsolateral frontal lobes in the neurodegenerative patients with Othello’s compared to matched patients with neurodegenerative disorders without Othello’s syndrome. Treatment success was notable for patients with dopamine agonist induced Othello’s syndrome in which all six patients had improvement in symptoms following decrease in medication.Conclusions:  This study demonstrates that Othello’s syndrome occurs most frequently with neurological disorders. This delusion appears to be associated with dysfunction of the frontal lobes, especially the right frontal lobe.
When persons disagree: An ERP study of Unagreement in Spanish
Authors: Mancini Simona , Molinaro Nicola , Rizzi Luigi , Carreiras Manuel 
Published: April 2011

AbstractAgreement is one of the main devices used by languages to signal grammatical relations. In this study, we investigated the neurophysiological processing correlates of subject‐verb agreement in Spanish using Unagreement, a phenomenon characterized by a person mismatch between subject and verb that nonetheless produces a grammatical pattern. Unagreement was compared to well‐formed sentences with full agreement, and ill‐formed sentences with a person mismatch. Compared to control sentences, Unagreement produced a left posterior negativity followed by a more central negativity; no P600 effect was observed. In contrast, person violations generated a negativity that was widely distributed over the scalp, followed by a P600 effect. These data suggest that the comprehension of qualitatively different agreement patterns, which could reflect the performance of different processing routines, recruits different neural generators.
Mitochondrial aconitase knockdown attenuates paraquat‐induced dopaminergic cell death via decreased cellular metabolism and release of iron and H2O2
Authors: Cantu David , Fulton Ruth E. , Drechsel Derek A. , Patel Manisha 
Published: April 2011

J. Neurochem. (2011) 10.1111/j.1471‐4159.2011.07290.xAbstractMitochondrial oxidative stress is a contributing factor in the etiology of numerous neuronal disorders. However, the precise mechanism(s) by which mitochondrial reactive oxygen species modify cellular targets to induce neurotoxicity remains unknown. In this study, we determined the role of mitochondrial aconitase (m‐aconitase) in neurotoxicity by decreasing its expression. Incubation of the rat dopaminergic cell line, N27, with paraquat (PQ2+) resulted in aconitase inactivation, increased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and increased ferrous iron (Fe2+) at times preceding cell death. To confirm the role of m‐aconitase in dopaminergic cell death, we knocked down m‐aconitase expression via RNA interference. Incubation of m‐aconitase knockdown N27 cells with PQ2+ resulted in decreased H2O2 production, Fe2+ accumulation, and cell death compared with cells expressing basal levels of m‐aconitase. To determine the metabolic role of m‐aconitase in mediating neuroprotection, we conducted a complete bioenergetic profile. m‐Aconitase knockdown N27 cells showed a global decrease in metabolism (glycolysis and oxygen consumption rates) which blocked PQ2+‐induced H+ leak and respiratory capacity deficiency. These findings suggest that dopaminergic cells are protected from death by decreasing release of H2O2 and Fe2+ in addition to decreased cellular metabolism.
Insulin receptor substrate chico acts with the transcription factor FOXO to extend Drosophila lifespan
Authors: Yamamoto Rochele , Tatar Marc 
Published: April 2011

SummaryAlthough extensively studied in Caenorhabditis elegans, no work has yet demonstrated for Drosophila melanogaster whether reduced insulin/IGF signaling (IIS) requires the FOXO transcription factor (foxo) to extend lifespan. Here, we conduct genetic epistasis analysis to determine whether foxo is required for chico mutants (insulin receptor substrate) to reduce age‐specific mortality and thus extend lifespan. The mutant chico1 allele strongly extends lifespan relative to wild‐type sibs. A mutant of foxo eliminates most of this chico survival benefit. In addition, we used a factorial proportional hazard analysis to formally study the main effects of chico and of foxo and to determine how these genes interact to influence mortality. We document that foxo indeed contributes to how chico increases lifespan, but part of the convergence in survival between chico genotypes in the foxo‐mutant background may occur because chico mutation exacerbates the negative effects of foxo mutation.
Effects of age on parathyroid hormone signaling in human marrow stromal cells
Authors: Zhou Shuanhu , Bueno Ericka M. , Kim Sung Won , Amato Ilaria , Shen Longxiang , Hahne Jochen , Bleiberg Ilan , Morley Paul , Glowacki Julie 
Published: April 2011

SummaryHuman bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) have the potential to differentiate into osteoblasts; there are age‐related decreases in their proliferation and differentiation to osteoblasts. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), when applied intermittently in vivo, has osteoanabolic effects in a variety of systems. In this study, we compared PTH signaling and osteoanabolic effects in hMSCs from young and old subjects. There were age‐related decreases in expression of PTH/PTHrP receptor type 1 (PTHR1) gene (P = 0.049, n = 19) and in PTH activation of CREB (P = 0.029, n = 7) and PTH stabilization of β‐catenin (P = 0.018, n = 7). Three human PTH peptides, PTH1‐34, PTH1‐31C (Ostabolin‐C, Leu27, Cyclo[Glu22‐Lys26]‐hPTH1‐31), and PTH1‐84 (10 nm), stimulated osteoblast differentiation with hMSCs. Treatment with PTH1‐34 resulted in a significant 67% increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in hMSCs obtained from younger subjects (<50 years old, n = 5), compared with an 18% increase in hMSCs from elders (>55 years old, n = 7). Both knockdown of CREB and treatment with a protein kinase A inhibitor H‐89 blocked PTH stimulation of osteoblast differentiation in hMSCs from young subjects. The PTH peptides significantly stimulated proliferation of hMSCs. Treatment with PTH1‐34 resulted in an average of twice as many cells in cultures of hMSCs from young subjects (n = 4), but had no effect with hMSCs from elders (n = 7). Upregulation of PTHR1 by 24‐h pretreatment with 100 nm dexamethasone rescued PTH stimulation of proliferation in hMSCS from elders. In conclusion, age‐related intrinsic alterations in signaling responses to osteoanabolic agents like PTH may contribute to cellular and tissue aging of the human skeleton.
Comparative biology of mammalian telomeres: hypotheses on ancestral states and the roles of telomeres in longevity determination
Authors: Gomes Nuno M. V. , Ryder Oliver A. , Houck Marlys L. , Charter Suellen J. , Walker William , Forsyth Nicholas R. , Austad Steven N. , Venditti Chris , Pagel Mark , Shay Jerry W. , Wright Woodring E. 
Published: April 2011

SummaryProgressive telomere shortening from cell division (replicative aging) provides a barrier for human tumor progression. This program is not conserved in laboratory mice, which have longer telomeres and constitutive telomerase. Wild species that do/do not use replicative aging have been reported, but the evolution of different phenotypes and a conceptual framework for understanding their uses of telomeres is lacking. We examined telomeres/telomerase in cultured cells from > 60 mammalian species to place different uses of telomeres in a broad mammalian context. Phylogeny‐based statistical analysis reconstructed ancestral states. Our analysis suggested that the ancestral mammalian phenotype included short telomeres (< 20 kb, as we now see in humans) and repressed telomerase. We argue that the repressed telomerase was a response to a higher mutation load brought on by the evolution of homeothermy. With telomerase repressed, we then see the evolution of replicative aging. Telomere length inversely correlated with lifespan, while telomerase expression co‐evolved with body size. Multiple independent times smaller, shorter‐lived species changed to having longer telomeres and expressing telomerase. Trade‐offs involving reducing the energetic/cellular costs of specific oxidative protection mechanisms (needed to protect < 20 kb telomeres in the absence of telomerase) could explain this abandonment of replicative aging. These observations provide a conceptual framework for understanding different uses of telomeres in mammals, support a role for human‐like telomeres in allowing longer lifespans to evolve, demonstrate the need to include telomere length in the analysis of comparative studies of oxidative protection in the biology of aging, and identify which mammals can be used as appropriate model organisms for the study of the role of telomeres in human cancer and aging.
The value of routine ferritin measurement in blood donors
Authors: O'Meara Alix , Infanti Laura , Stebler Christine , Ruesch Morven , Sigle Joerg‐Peter , Stern Martin , Buser Andreas 
Published: April 2011

BACKGROUND: Iron store deficiency is a common side effect of whole blood donation. Early recognition and reversal of excessive iron loss may avoid symptomatic iron store depletion in blood donors and reduce volunteer loss due to iron deficiency (ID) anemia.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2009, a total of 160,612 visits with the intention to donate blood by 23,557 healthy volunteers were recorded at our center. As of 2004, routine serum ferritin testing and additional counseling of donors at risk for donation‐induced anemia were implemented. We analyzed the impact of this measure on the hemoglobin (Hb) levels and anemia occurrence in our donor population and in particular in women of childbearing age. Donation rejections due to low Hb counts, the intervals to next donation, and return rates thereafter were also assessed.RESULTS: The introduction of routine serum ferritin analysis resulted in an increase of mean Hb levels in blood donors particularly in women of childbearing age. The incidence of predonation anemia and donation ineligibility due to a low Hb concentration decreased significantly. The return intervals of donors rejected on account of low Hb levels were shortened; however, the return rates thereafter were also curtailed.CONCLUSIONS: Systematic serum ferritin measurements allowed an optimized management of ID in our donors and efficacious prevention of ID anemia.
Managerial Discretion and Corporate Governance in Publicly Traded Firms: Evidence From the Property–Liability Insurance Industry
Authors: Miller Steve M. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe study the incremental impact of corporate governance in mitigating managerial discretion, controlling for incentive alignment of managerial ownership. We extend the managerial discretion hypothesis to predict that for firms with the same set of governance tools, those that utilize governance tools more stringently to control agency costs will command greater contracting cost advantages, leading them to specialize in business with greater managerial discretion. Using 72 publicly traded insurers from 1994 to 2006, we find evidence supporting our hypothesis. Our findings complement the finance literature that focuses on the role of financing policies in mitigating agency costs of managerial discretion.
CEO Turnover and Ownership Structure: Evidence From the U.S. Property–Liability Insurance Industry
Authors: He Enya , Sommer David W. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis article examines the impact of ownership structure on the relation between firm performance and chief executive officer (CEO) turnover in the U.S. property–liability insurance industry. Theoretical implications of stock versus mutual ownership structures on the performance–turnover relation are ambiguous. Our empirical results indicate that CEO turnover is less responsive to firm underwriting performance in mutual insurers compared to stock insurers. In fact, we find that while CEO turnover for stock firms is negatively related to prior performance, no such relationship is found for mutual insurers. These results hold while controlling for board structure and other relevant factors.
Toward a Global Convergence of Interests
Authors: BIJIAN ZHENG 
Published: April 2011

The G‐20 supplanted the G‐8 as the executive committee of globalization as the emerging and advanced economies came together in the wake of the Wall Street crash to stave off depression. Now, each country is going its own way.In this section we examine whether the G‐20 can be saved, and what the countries within it must do to bring the global economy into balance.
Where the G‐20 Stands
Authors: STIGLITZ JOE 
Published: April 2011

The G‐20 supplanted the G‐8 as the executive committee of globalization as the emerging and advanced economies came together in the wake of the Wall Street crash to stave off depression. Now, each country is going its own way.In this section we examine whether the G‐20 can be saved, and what the countries within it must do to bring the global economy into balance.
How to Get America Back on Track
Authors: MOYO DAMBISA 
Published: April 2011

The G‐20 supplanted the G‐8 as the executive committee of globalization as the emerging and advanced economies came together in the wake of the Wall Street crash to stave off depression. Now, each country is going its own way.In this section we examine whether the G‐20 can be saved, and what the countries within it must do to bring the global economy into balance.
Prepare to Compete with the Muslim Brotherhood
Authors: ALI AYAAN HIRSI 
Published: April 2011

The Great Arab Revolt of 2011 has moved swiftly from the peaceful overthrow of autocrats in the nation‐states of Tunisia and Egypt to brutal repression in the tribal societies of Libya, Syria, Bahrain and Yemen.Meanwhile, the wired youth bulge of the Middle East that brought change is dissipating into an impotent diaspora while the organized interests of the old regimes and the once‐suppressed Islamists charge ahead to power. This section examines the revolt, the reaction and the power struggles in its aftermath.
Behind the Scenes of France's Lead on Libya
Authors: LÉVY BERNARD‐HENRI 
Published: April 2011

The Great Arab Revolt of 2011 has moved swiftly from the peaceful overthrow of autocrats in the nation‐states of Tunisia and Egypt to brutal repression in the tribal societies of Libya, Syria, Bahrain and Yemen.Meanwhile, the wired youth bulge of the Middle East that brought change is dissipating into an impotent diaspora while the organized interests of the old regimes and the once‐suppressed Islamists charge ahead to power. This section examines the revolt, the reaction and the power struggles in its aftermath.
The Tunisian Revolt: Where Have All the Islamists Gone?
Authors: ROY OLIVIER 
Published: April 2011

The Great Arab Revolt of 2011 has moved swiftly from the peaceful overthrow of autocrats in the nation‐states of Tunisia and Egypt to brutal repression in the tribal societies of Libya, Syria, Bahrain and Yemen.Meanwhile, the wired youth bulge of the Middle East that brought change is dissipating into an impotent diaspora while the organized interests of the old regimes and the once‐suppressed Islamists charge ahead to power. This section examines the revolt, the reaction and the power struggles in its aftermath.
Humiliation: The Catalyst for the Arab Revolt
Authors: DELKATESH MOHAMAD 
Published: April 2011

The Great Arab Revolt of 2011 has moved swiftly from the peaceful overthrow of autocrats in the nation‐states of Tunisia and Egypt to brutal repression in the tribal societies of Libya, Syria, Bahrain and Yemen.Meanwhile, the wired youth bulge of the Middle East that brought change is dissipating into an impotent diaspora while the organized interests of the old regimes and the once‐suppressed Islamists charge ahead to power. This section examines the revolt, the reaction and the power struggles in its aftermath.
America's Internet Freedom Agenda
Authors: MOROZOV EVGENY 
Published: April 2011

The Great Arab Revolt of 2011 has moved swiftly from the peaceful overthrow of autocrats in the nation‐states of Tunisia and Egypt to brutal repression in the tribal societies of Libya, Syria, Bahrain and Yemen.Meanwhile, the wired youth bulge of the Middle East that brought change is dissipating into an impotent diaspora while the organized interests of the old regimes and the once‐suppressed Islamists charge ahead to power. This section examines the revolt, the reaction and the power struggles in its aftermath.
Evaluation of a nanometer roughness scale resorbable media‐processed surface: a study in dogs
Authors: Marin Charles , Granato Rodrigo , Bonfante Estevam A. , Suzuki Marcelo , Janal Malvin N. , Coelho Paulo G. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Objectives: This study compared the biomechanical fixation and bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) of implants with different surfaces treatment (experimental – resorbable blasting media‐processed nanometer roughness scale surface, and control – dual acid‐etched) in a dog model.
Material and methods: Surface characterization was made in six implants by means of scanning electron microscopic imaging, atomic force microscopy to evaluate roughness parameters, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for chemical assessment. The animal model comprised the bilateral placement of control (n=24) and experimental surface (n=24) implants along the proximal tibiae of six mongrel dogs, which remained in place for 2 or 4 weeks. Half of the specimens were biomechanically tested (torque), and the other half was subjected to histomorphologic/morphometric evaluation. BIC and resistance to failure measures were each evaluated as a function of time and surface treatment in a mixed model ANOVA.
Results: Surface texturing was significantly higher for the experimental compared with the control surface. The survey XPS spectra detected O, C, Al, and Ti at the control group, and Ca (∼0.2– 0.9%) and P (∼1.7– 4.1%) besides O, C, Al, and Ti at experimental surfaces. While no statistical difference in BIC was found between experimental and control surfaces or between 2 and 4 weeks in vivo, both longer time and use of experimental surface significantly increased resistance to failure.
Conclusions: The experimental surface resulted in enhanced biomechanical fixation but comparable BIC relative to control, suggesting higher bone mechanical properties around the experimental implants.
To cite this article: Marin C, Granato R, Bonfante EA, Suzuki M, Janal MN, Coelho PG. Evaluation of a nanometer roughness scale resorbable media‐processed surface: a study in dogs. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 119–124. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2010.02155.x
Influence of two barrier membranes on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs: part 1. Augmentation using bone graft substitutes and autogenous bone
Authors: Schwarz Frank , Mihatovic Ilja , Golubovic Vladimir , Hegewald Andrea , Becker Jürgen 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Objectives: To assess the influence of two barrier membranes and two bone graft substitutes mixed with autogenous bone (AB) on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs.
Materials and methods: Four saddle‐type defects each were prepared in the upper jaw of six fox hounds and randomly filled with a natural bone mineral (NBM)+AB and a biphasic calcium phosphate (SBC)+AB and allocated to either an in situ gelling polyethylene glycol (PEG) or a collagen membrane (CM). At 8 weeks, modSLA titanium implants were inserted and left to heal in a submerged position. At 8+2 weeks, dissected blocks were processed for histomorphometrical analysis (e.g., treated area [TA], bone‐to‐implant contact [BIC]).
Results: The mean TA values (mm2) and BIC values (%) tended to be higher in the PEG groups(TA: NBM+AB [10.4 ± 2.5]; SBC+AB [10.4 ± 5.8]/BIC: NBM+AB [86.4 ± 20.1]; SBC+AB [80.1 ± 21.5]) when compared with the corresponding CM groups (TA: NBM+AB [9.7 ± 4.8]; SBC+AB [7.8 ± 4.3]/BIC: NBM+AB [71.3 ± 20.8]; SBC+AB [72.4 ± 20.3]). A significant difference was observed for the mean TA values in the SBC+AB groups.
Conclusion: It was concluded that all augmentation procedures investigated supported bone regeneration and staged osseointegration of modSLA titanium implants. However, the application of PEG may be associated with increased TA values.
To cite this article: Schwarz F, Mihatovic I, Golubovic V, Hegewald A, Becker J. Influence of two barrier membranes on staged guided bone regeneration and osseointegration of titanium implants in dogs: part 1. Augmentation using bone graft substitutes and autogenous bone. Clin. Oral Impl. Res. 23, 2012; 83–89. doi: 10.1111/j.1600‐0501.2011.02187.x