bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulating phonation through alteration of vocal fold medial surface contour
Authors: Mau Ted , Muhlestein Joseph , Callahan Sean , Chan Roger W. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:1) To test whether alteration of the vocal fold medial surface contour can improve phonation and 2) to demonstrate that implant material properties affect vibration even when implantation is deep to the vocal fold lamina propria.Study Design:Induced phonation of excised human larynges.Methods:Thirteen larynges were harvested within 24 hours postmortem. Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) and flow (PTF) were measured before and after vocal fold injections using either calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) or hyaluronic acid (HA). Small‐volume injections (median, 0.0625 mL) were targeted to the inferomedial aspect of the thyroarytenoid muscle. Implant locations were assessed histologically.Results:The effect of implantation on PTP was material dependent. CaHA tended to increase PTP, whereas HA tended to decrease PTP (Wilcoxon test, P = .00013 for onset). In contrast, the effect of implantation on PTF was similar, with both materials tending to decrease PTF (P = .16 for onset). Histology confirmed implant presence in the inferior half of the vocal fold vertical thickness.Conclusions:Taken together, these data suggested the implants may have altered the vocal fold medial surface contour, potentially resulting in a less convergent or more rectangular glottal geometry as a means to improve phonation. An implant with a closer viscoelastic match to vocal fold cover is desirable for this purpose, as material properties can affect vibration even when the implant is not placed within the lamina propria. This result is consistent with theoretical predictions and implies greater need for surgical precision in implant placement and care in material selection. Laryngoscope, 2012
Longitudinal study of children with unilateral hearing loss
Authors: Lieu Judith E. C. , Tye‐Murray Nancy , Fu Qiang 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Children with unilateral hearing loss (UHL) have been found to have lower language scores, and increased rate of speech therapy, grade failures, or needing Individualized Education Plans (IEPs). The objective of this study was to determine whether language skills and educational performance improved or worsened over time in a cohort of children with UHL.Study Design:Prospective longitudinal cohort study.Methods:Forty‐six children with permanent UHL, ages 6 to 12 years, were studied using standardized cognitive, achievement, and language testing at yearly intervals for 3 years. Using standardized test scores allowed implicit comparison to norms established by national cross‐sectional samples. Secondary outcomes included behavioral issues, IEPs, receipt of speech therapy, or teacher report of problems at school. Analysis utilized repeated measures analysis of variance and multilevel random regression modeling.Results:Several cognitive and language mean standardized scores increased over time. Possible predictors of increase with time included higher baseline cognitive levels and receipt of interventions through an IEP. However, standardized achievement scores and indicators of school performance did not show concomitant improvements. Rates of IEPs remained >50% throughout, and rates of speech therapy were consistently about 20%.Conclusions:Children with UHL demonstrated improvement in oral language and verbal intelligence quota scores over time, but not improvements in school performance. Parents and teachers reported persistent behavioral problems and academic weaknesses or areas of concern in about 25%. The provision of IEPs for children with UHL, and acknowledging UHL as a hearing disability, may be an effective intervention to improve language skills over time. Laryngoscope, 2012
Airway hemangiomas in PHACE syndrome
Authors: Durr Megan L. , Meyer Anna K. , Huoh Kevin C. , Frieden Ilona J. , Rosbe Kristina W. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To describe the clinical presentation and airway characteristics of infants with airway hemangiomas and concomitant PHACE syndrome and to determine the prevalence of airway hemangiomas in PHACE subjects at our institution.Study Design:Case series.Methods:Retrospective review including clinical presentation, airway findings, treatment measures, and outcomes.Results:A total of 23 subjects were diagnosed with definite PHACE at our institution between September 1, 2005 and September 1, 2011. Twelve (52%) of these subjects had documented airway hemangiomas, six of whom were diagnosed and treated at our institution. All six subjects underwent direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy by a pediatric otolaryngologist. Five (83%) subjects had subglottic hemangioma. Three subjects (50%) had additional hemangioma within the airway located on the epiglottis, vocal folds, posterior pharyngeal wall, and tracheal wall. Five subjects (83%) were treated with propranolol, five (83%) were treated with systemic steroids, and one subject received vincristine. One subject required laser ablation of subglottic hemangioma and tracheotomy. All subjects were airway symptom free at last follow‐up (average, 35 months; range, 13–76 months).Conclusions:Airway hemangiomas can be a life‐threatening complication of PHACE syndrome. At our institution, 52% of all PHACE subjects were diagnosed with airway hemangiomas. Early detection of airway involvement is paramount. Given the high rates of airway hemangiomas, we recommend performing direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy in all PHACE patients with respiratory symptoms. We recommend having a low threshold for airway evaluation in asymptomatic PHACE patients, especially those who will not be otherwise started on propranolol. Laryngoscope, 2012
A randomized trial of mupirocin sinonasal rinses versus saline in surgically recalcitrant staphylococcal chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Jervis‐Bardy Joshua , Boase Samuel , Psaltis Alkis , Foreman Andrew , Wormald Peter‐John 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) recalcitrant to surgery is a frustrating clinical entity. Recently, mupirocin sinonasal rinses have been suggested as an efficacious treatment alternative in these patients where Staphylococuccus aureus infection is demonstrated. To our knowledge, how best to treat this S aureus reservoir has not been previously evaluated in a double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial.Study Design:Prospective, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled study.Methods:Twenty‐five S aureus‐positive CRS patients with persistent sinonasal infection despite endoscopic sinus surgery received either a 1‐month, twice‐daily treatment course of mupirocin sinonasal rinses (MUP) or saline rinses (CON). The primary outcome was S aureus‐culture negativity at the conclusion of treatment; secondary rhinological outcomes included subjective and objective measures of rhinosinusitis.Results:Twenty‐two patients satisfactorily completed the treatment period. Of CON patients, 0/13 (0.0%) returned an S aureus‐negative sinonasal culture at 1month, compared to 8/9 (88.9%) of MUP patients (P < .01). Improvements in rhinological outcomes observed in MUP patients following treatment were not subsequently evident when these patients were followed up at a delayed assessment 2 to 6 months after completing treatment.Conclusions:Mupirocin sinonasal rinses are an effective short‐term anti‐S aureus treatment in surgically recalcitrant CRS as assessed by microbiological and selected rhinological outcomes, although the latter improvements may not be durable with time. Laryngoscope, 2012
The timely completion of objective assessment tools for evaluation of technical skills
Authors: Laeeq Kulsoom , Francis Howard W. , Varela David A. Diaz Voss , Malik Mohammad Umair , Cummings Charles W. , Bhatti Nasir I. 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To this date the effect of the time taken to complete an evaluation on the psychometric properties of the instrument has not been reported. The goal of our study was to assess the effect of time taken to complete an evaluation on its validity.Study Design:Cross‐sectional validation study.Methods:The global and checklist parts of tonsillectomy, mastoidectomy, rigid bronchoscopy, and endoscopic sinus surgery were used in the operating room by the otolaryngology faculty to evaluate the surgical skills of the residents. We categorized evaluations into two groups depending on the time taken to complete an evaluation (group A ≤6 days, group B >6 days). Construct validity was calculated for both groups by comparing the mean global and checklist scores of the residents across advancing postgraduate year levels.Results:A total of 468 evaluations, consisting of global and checklist parts, were completed for 29 residents by 32 evaluators. Mean number of days taken to complete an evaluation was 7.7 days. For all the evaluations completed within a 6‐day time period, the construct validity was significant for both global and checklist parts of the four instruments. In cases of the evaluations completed after 6 days, the construct validity was significant for the tonsillectomy instrument only.Conclusions:Our results indicate that the time taken to complete an evaluation has a significant effect on the construct validity of the objective instrument. In the future, efforts should be focused on faculty development to ensure timely completion of the evaluation for a more valid assessment process. Laryngoscope, 2012
Prevalence and associated risk factors of allergic rhinitis in preschool children in Beijing
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Mei , Zhang Jie , Liu Shi‐Lin , Zhang Xing , Yang Su‐Na , Gao Juan , Zhao Jing , Chen Hui , Chen Xin‐Xin , Sun Feng‐Xin , Shen Liang , Wang De‐Yun 
Published: August 2012

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:To investigate the prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and its associated risk factors in preschool children in Beijing.Study design:Two‐stage, clustered, stratified random sample study.Methods:Parents of 4,075 children aged 3, 4, and 5 years in urban and suburban areas were surveyed using a questionnaire. A random subgroup of 1,067 children was examined by otolaryngologists with skin prick test (SPT).Results:The survey response rate was 98.3%. Based on the criteria published by ARIA document, the prevalence of epidemiologic AR was 48% (53.2% in urban areas; 43.4% in suburban areas). Among 795 children with epidemiologic AR, sensitization to common inhalant allergens was confirmed by a positive SPT in 248 children (31.2%). Thus, the adjusted prevalence of clinical AR was 14.9% (19.5% in urban areas; 10.8% in suburban areas). In these AR children, 166 (67.1%) were intermittent and 82 (32.9%) persistent, with moderate/severe symptoms in 103 (41.5%). The most common inhalant allergens were Alternaria tenuis (55.7%), followed by Dermatophagoides farina (39.4%), and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (38.6%). Both asthma (adjusted OR 4.88, 95% CI: 3.48–6.86) and eczema (adjusted OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.15–1.94) appear to be significant concomitant risk factors for AR.Conclusions:The prevalence of AR in young children can be overestimated using epidemiologic criteria. AR is a common disease in Asian preschool children, with an increasing trend as children get older, and is higher in urban than suburban areas—suggesting an important role for environmental risk factors in AR. Laryngoscope, 2013
Superficial wounding model for epidermal barrier repair studies: Comparison of erbium:YAG laser and the suction blister method
Authors: Ferraq Younes , Black David R. , Theunis Jennifer , Mordon Serge 
Published: August 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWound‐healing studies use mainly mechanical methods for wound induction, which are laborious and difficult to standardize. Objective of this study was to evaluate the Erbium:Yttrium‐Aluminium‐Garnet (Er:YAG) laser method as a model of epidermis ablation on human skin in vivo and to compare the quality and healing rates of Er:YAG laser and suction blister (SB) wounds.Materials and MethodsEr:YAG laser and SB wounds were made on the forearms of 10 healthy volunteers. Post‐wounding measurements including wound surface area (WSA) from photographs, wound depth from 3D volume analysis, trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL), laser doppler blood flow (LDBF), and optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging were made daily over 7 days. Biopsies were taken on Days 4 and 7.Results3D analysis showed laser wounds to be shallower and more uniform in depth than SB: 54 ± 14 µm versus 140 ± 102 µm, respectively, with histology demonstrating complete epidermal removal using SB. SB wounds were more variable in size with a WSA of 0.47 ± 0.24 cm2 compared to 1.17 ± 0.14 cm2 for laser wounds. Healing rates were similar in both groups, as measured by TEWL, LDBF, and WSA. OCT imaging on Days 3–4 revealed new epidermis below the fibrin clot, similar to histology, and a visible stratum corneum on Day 7, but no apparent epidermal hyperplasia in contrast to histology.ConclusionCompared to the SB model, Er:YAG laser achieved rapid standardized epidermal ablation, which despite morphological differences, was similar in terms of epidermal regeneration/barrier formation. Lasers Surg. Med. 44: 525–532, 2012. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Trekking new ground: Overcoming medical and social impediments for extended criteria liver transplant recipients
Authors: McCaughan Geoffrey W. 
Published: August 2012

Key Points
1. There is an increasing recognition that previously marginal candidates for liver transplantation can receive therapies that allow transplant to take place.
2. Coronary artery disease is an increasing co-morbidity in liver transplant candidates.
3. Physio-social issues require written guidelines and patient advocates.
4. Methadone maintenance therapy per se is not a contra-indication to liver transplantation. Liver Transpl 18:S-S, 2012. © 2012 AASLD.
Synthesis of Oxetane‐Functional Aliphatic Polyesters via Enzymatic Polycondensation
Authors: Müller Sophie S. , Frey Holger 
Published: August 2012

AbstractSynthesis, characterization, and thermal properties of a series of oxetane‐functional aliphatic polyesters are investigated. The incorporation of the acid‐sensitive 3,3‐bis(hydroxymethyl)oxetane (BHMO) into polymers is achieved by using the enzyme CALB (Candida antarctica Lipase B) as a catalyst. This mild synthetic strategy provides well‐defined, oxetane‐functional polyesters. The enzymatic polycondensation allows for the synthesis of a series of aliphatic polyesters containing various ratios of the difunctional monomers sebacic acid, 1,8‐octanediol, and BHMO with molecular weights between 5000–9800 g mol−1 and polydispersity indices (Mw/Mn) in the range of 1.25 and 1.92. Furthermore, crosslinking of BHMO and a polymer sample is carried out via opening of the pending oxetanes.
A p‐adic probability logic
Authors: Ilić‐Stepić Angelina , Ognjanović Zoran , Ikodinović Nebojša , Perović Aleksandar 
Published: August 2012

AbstractIn this article we present a p‐adic valued probabilistic logic \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {L}_{\mathbb {Q}_p}$\end{document} which is a complete and decidable extension of classical propositional logic. The key feature of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {L}_{\mathbb {Q}_p}$\end{document} lies in ability to formally express boundaries of probability values of classical formulas in the field \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {Q}_p$\end{document} of p‐adic numbers via classical connectives and modal‐like operators of the form Kr, ρ. Namely, \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {L}_{\mathbb {Q}_p}$\end{document} is designed in such a way that the elementary probability sentences Kr, ρα actually do have their intended meaning—the probability of propositional formula α is in the \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {Q}_p$\end{document}‐ball with the center r and the radius ρ. Due to modal nature of the operators Kr, ρ, it was natural to use the probability Kripke like models as \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal {L}_{\mathbb {Q}_p}$\end{document}‐structures, provided that probability functions range over \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {Q}_p$\end{document} instead of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathbb {R}$\end{document} or \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$^*\mathbb {R}$\end{document}.
Accessing the switchboard via set forcing
Authors: Friedman Shoshana 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe force a property of cardinals first proved relatively consistent by Sargsyan, that of being supercompact but not \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathrm{HOD}$\end{document}‐supercompact, starting from a model of set theory which does not satisfy \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}${GCH}$\end{document} and that contains supercompact cardinals.
Haar measure and integral logic
Authors: Khanaki Karim , Amini Massoud 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe study invariant measures on compact Hausdorff spaces using finitary integral logic. For each compact Hausdorff space X and any family \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal F$\end{document} of its continuous transformations, we find equivalent conditions for the existence of an \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}$\mathcal F$\end{document}‐invariant measure on X. We give two proofs of the existence of Haar measure on compact groups.
The pill questionnaire in a nondemented Parkinson's disease population
Authors: Reginold William , Armstrong Melissa J. , Duff‐Canning Sarah , Lang Anthony , Tang‐Wai David , Fox Susan , Rothberg Brandon , Zadikoff Cindy , Kennedy Nancy , Gill David , Eslinger Paul , Mapstone Mark , Chou Kelvin , Persad Carol , Litvan Irene , Mast Benjamin , Marras Connie 
Published: August 2012

AbstractWe assessed the Pill Questionnaire as a screen for mild cognitive impairment in nondemented Parkinson's disease patients.The relationship between ability to remember medications for Parkinson's disease in the Pill Questionnaire, mild cognitive impairment, and deficits on neuropsychological tests performed 2–3 weeks later blind to Pill Questionnaire results was assessed in movement disorders clinic patients.In 109 subjects, inaccurate medication reporting on the Pill Questionnaire was associated with lower scores on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease–Cognition and with deficits in memory, attention, executive function‐inhibitory control, processing speed, visuospatial function, and language. Inaccurate medication reporting was also associated with an adjusted odds ratio of 2.4 (95% CI, 0.91–5.88; P = .06) for mild cognitive impairment, with a specificity of 80% and sensitivity of 41%.The Pill Questionnaire is neither sensitive nor specific enough to be used as the sole screening or diagnostic tool for mild cognitive impairment. However, inaccurate medication reporting is associated with deficits spanning many cognitive domains and should alert a clinician to a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment. © 2012 Movement Disorder Society
Absorption of dimethoxycinnamic acid derivatives in vitro and pharmacokinetic profile in human plasma following coffee consumption
Authors: Farrell Tracy L. , Gomez‐Juaristi Miren , Poquet Laure , Redeuil Karine , Nagy Kornél , Renouf Mathieu , Williamson Gary 
Published: August 2012

ScopeThis study reports the 24 h human plasma pharmacokinetics of 3,4‐dimethoxycinnamic acid (dimethoxycinnamic acid) after consumption of coffee, and the membrane transport characteristics of certain dimethoxycinnamic acid derivatives, as present in coffee.Methods and resultsEight healthy human volunteers consumed a low‐polyphenol diet for 24 h before drinking 400 mL of commercially available coffee. Plasma samples were collected over 24 h and analyzed by HPLC‐MS2. Investigation of the mechanism of absorption and metabolism was performed using an intestinal Caco‐2 cell model. For the first time, we show that dimethoxycinnamic acid appears in plasma as the free aglycone. The time to reach the Cmax value of approximately 0.5 μM was rapid, Tmax = 30 min, and showed an additional peak at 2–4 h for several subjects. In contrast, smaller amounts of dimethoxy‐dihydrocinnamic acid (Cmax ∼ 0.1 μM) peaked between 8 and 12 h after coffee intake. In the cell model, dimethoxycinnamic acid was preferentially transported in the free form by passive diffusion, and a small amount of dimethoxycinnamoylquinic acid hydrolysis was observed.ConclusionThese findings show that dimethoxycinnamic acid, previously identified in plasma after coffee consumption, was rapidly absorbed in the free form most likely by passive diffusion in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
Gallic acid downregulates matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2) and MMP‐9 in human leukemia cells with expressed Bcr/Abl
Authors: Chen Ying‐Jung , Chang Long‐Sen 
Published: August 2012

ScopeThe aim of the present study was to explore the signaling pathways associated with gallic acid induced matrix metalloproteinase‐2 (MMP‐2)/MMP‐9 downregulation in human leukemia K562 cells.Methods and resultsUnlike the insignificant effect on human Bcr/Abl‐negative leukemia U937 cells, gallic acid attenuated invasion of human Bcr/Abl‐positive leukemia K562 cells with characteristic of decreased protein expression and mRNA levels of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9. Gallic acid induced β‐TrCP upregulation evoked Bcr/Abl degradation in K562 cells, while overexpression of Bcr/Abl attenuated gallic acid induced MMP‐2/MMP‐9 downregulation. Overexpression of Bcr/Abl restored the levels of phospho‐ERK and phospho‐Akt but not JNK phosphorylation in gallic acid treated K562 cells. Gallic acid treatment repressed Akt/ERK‐mediated c‐Fos phosphorylation and JNK1‐mediated ATF‐2 phosphorylation. c‐Jun inactivation was mediated through gallic acid induced Akt/ERK and JNK inactivation. Knockdown of c‐Fos, c‐Jun, and ATF‐2 by siRNA and luciferase promoter assay reflected that c‐Jun/ATF‐2 and c‐Jun/c‐Fos were, respectively, responsible for MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 expression in K562 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitating assay showed that gallic acid reduced the binding of c‐Jun/ATF‐2 and c‐Jun/c‐Fos with promoter region of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 genes, respectively.ConclusionOur data indicate that MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 downregulation in gallic acid treated K562 cells are mediated through suppression of JNK1‐mediated c‐Jun/ATF‐2 and Akt/ERK‐mediated c‐Jun/c‐Fos pathways, respectively.