bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Pachymetric Parameters Based on Corneal Tomography for Diagnosing Keratoconus
Authors: Ambrósio Renato , Caiado Ana Laura C. , Guerra Frederico P. , Louzada Ricardo , Roy Abhijit Sinha , Luz Allan , Dupps William J. , Belin Michael W. 
Published: July 2011

PURPOSE:
To describe pachymetric progression indices (PPI) of the Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH) and the concept of relational thickness, and to test their accuracy for differentiating keratoconic and normal corneas compared with single-point thickness values.

METHODS:
One hundred thirteen individual eyes randomly selected from 113 normal patients and 44 eyes of 44 patients with keratoconus were studied using the Pentacam HR by acquiring central corneal thickness (CCT), thinnest point (TP), position of the TP and PPI at minimal (PPI Min) and maximal (PPI Max) meridians, and the average (PPI Ave) of all meridians. Relational thickness parameters were calculated as the ratios of TP and CCT and PPI values. Mann-Whitney U test assessed differences in groups for each variable. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated for all variables and pairwise comparisons were performed.

RESULTS:

Statistically significant differences were noted between normal and keratoconic eyes for all parameters (
P
<.001), except for horizontal position of TP (
P
=.79). The best parameters, named Ambrósio’s Relational Thickness (ART), were ART-Ave (TP/PPI Ave) and ART-Max (TP/PPI Max) with areas under the ROC curves of 0.987 and 0.983, respectively. The best cutoffs were 424 μm and 339 μm for ART-Ave and ART-Max, respectively. Pachymetric progression indices and ART had a greater area under the curve than TP and CCT (
P
<.001); TP (0.955) had a greater area under the curve than CCT (0.909;
P
=.002).

CONCLUSIONS:
Tomographic-derived pachymetric parameters were better able to differentiate normal and keratoconic corneas than single-point pachymetric measurements. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of tomography in identifing early forms of ectasia as well as ectasia risk among LASIK candidates.
Glistenings on Intraocular Lenses in Healthy Eyes: Effects and Associations
Authors: Colin Joseph , Orignac Isabelle 
Published: July 2011

PURPOSE:
To assess glistenings in AcrySof (Alcon Laboratories Inc) intraocular lenses (IOLs), to quantify any effects of glistenings on the visual function of patients with healthy eyes, and to investigate whether glistenings were associated with demographic or lens characteristics.

METHODS:
Case files from a consecutive series of healthy eyes were retrospectively analyzed. Subjective glistening grades were investigated for associations with the following parameters: contrast sensitivity, corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraocular light scattering (measured by C-Quant [Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH]), posterior capsule opacification, demographic characteristics, lens power, and duration of pseudophakia. The subjective grading method was compared to objective software-based quantitation of glistenings.

RESULTS:

The study cohort included 97 eyes from 65 patients with a mean age of 65±11 years. Mean follow-up was 18±17 months. Glistening grades did not vary by duration of pseudophakia (
P
=.19), although study design limited confidence in this result. Glistening grades had no associations with lens power (
P
=.41), intraocular light scattering (
P
=.31), logMAR CDVA (
P
=.64), contrast sensitivity at any spatial frequency (all
P
≥.22), or with any other parameter under investigation. The software-based assessment confirmed the validity of the subjective grading method: glistening grades correlated with vacuoles/mm
2
(
P
<.0001) and mean values for vacuoles/mm
2
were statistically significant for each glistening grade (all
P
≤.004).

CONCLUSIONS:
In healthy eyes, glistening grade was not associated with contrast sensitivity, CDVA, intraocular light scatter, or any lens or demographic characteristics that were investigated.
Clinicopathologic Correlations of Poly-(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene) Glaucoma Drainage Devices of Different Internal Diameters in Rabbits
Authors: Arrieta Esdras A. , Aly Mohamed , Parrish Richard , Dubovy Sander , Pinchuk Leonard , Kato Yasushi , Fantes Francisco , Parel Jean-Marie 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To assess the biocompatibility and intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering effect of a novel glaucoma drainage implant in rabbits.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Sixteen New Zealand white rabbits received one of three glaucoma drainage implants fabricated from poly-(styrene-b-isobutylene-b-styrene [SIBS]) with an internal diameter of the lumen of either 70 (6 eyes), 100 (6 eyes), or 150 (4 eyes) μm. Clinical follow-up examinations were performed during 6 months and postmortem eyes were studied with light microscopy.

RESULTS:
Smaller internal diameter implants were associated with fewer complications. IOP levels were not statistically different among the groups. No eyes developed serious complications. Mild chronic inflammation was observed around the tube using light microscopy.

CONCLUSION:
SIBS glaucoma drainage implants did not produce clinically detectable intraocular inflammation in a rabbit model. The 70- and 100-μm SIBS drainage devices demonstrated fewer postoperative complications. IOP levels were not statistically different from control eyes in all groups.
Effects of Changing Operators and Instruments on Time-Domain and Spectral-Domain OCT Measurements of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness
Authors: Mwanza Jean-Claude , Gendy Mohamed G. , Feuer William J. , Shi Wei , Budenz Donald L. 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To determine the amount of interoperator and interinstrument variability introduced into retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured with Stratus OCT and Cirrus HD-OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA) in normal and glaucomatous eyes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Thirty-seven eyes from 37 subjects (20 normal and 17 with glaucoma) were included in the study. Each eye was scanned with one Stratus OCT and one Cirrus OCT by two operators. The eyes were then scanned with a different Stratus OCT and Cirrus OCT by one of the operators. Average, quadrant, and clock-hour RNFL measurements were compared between operators and between instruments after determining the proportion of variance due to subjects, operators, and instruments by means of variance component analysis.

RESULTS:

Significant differences were observed between Stratus OCT instruments, but not between Cirrus OCT instruments, in average (
P
= .01), inferior (
P
= .006), and nasal (
P
< .001) quadrant RNFL thickness in glaucomatous eyes. Interoperator differences in RNFL thickness measured with both types of instruments were non-significant. The interoperator variability ranged from 0% to 1% on Stratus OCT and was 0% on Cirrus OCT, whereas the interinstrument variability ranged from 0% to 3% for Stratus OCT and from 0% to 1% for Cirrus OCT.

CONCLUSION:
The interoperator variability of RNFL thickness measured with Stratus OCT and Cirrus OCT, as well as the interinstrument variability of measurements obtained with Cirrus OCT, are non-significant. However, there is significant variability between RNFL measurements performed on two different Stratus OCT instruments.
Transconjunctival 20-Gauge Vitrectomy Outcomes
Authors: Shah Manthan , Kapur Rashmi , Raja Sharath , Blair Michael P. 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the short-term complication profile of the transconjunctival 20-gauge trocar-cannula (20g-TCV) system.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Patients who underwent primary 20g-TCV without history of prior vitrectomy were included. The primary outcome was incidence of short-term hypotony. Other data collected included visual acuity (VA), rate of sclerotomy suture placement, and intraoperative and postoperative complications.

RESULTS:
One hundred twenty-seven eyes of 120 patients were included. Postoperative complications included hypotony in 10.2% of eyes at the first postoperative day and 4.7% at week 1, all with spontaneous resolution. No cases of endophthalmitis were observed. Overall mean VA significantly improved from 20/375 preoperatively to 20/221 at month 3.

CONCLUSION:
Although the rate of short-term hypotony was relatively high, it was transient. This 20g-TCV system does not appear to be associated with other intraoperative or postoperative complications. The authors recommend a low threshold for sclerotomy suture placement if adopting this system.
Management Options for Submacular Perfluorocarbon Liquid
Authors: Suk Kevin K. , Flynn Harry W. 
Published: July 2011

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To report the anatomic and visual outcomes of patients with retained submacular perfluorocarbon liquid (PFCL).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective observational case series of patients with retained submacular PFCL. The medical and surgical records of 8 eyes of 8 patients with retained submacular PFCL after complex retinal detachment repair were reviewed.

RESULTS:
The submacular PFCL was observed without surgery in 7 eyes and was surgically removed in one eye. In the surgical eye, the PFCL was juxtafoveal in location and had associated cystic macular edema. After surgical removal of the PFCL, visual acuity improved from 20/200 to 20/125 with marked reduction of the macular edema. The remaining 7 eyes were observed without surgery. Follow-up ranged from 10 months to 9 years, with a mean of 4.4 years. Six eyes had extrafoveal PFCL, with visual acuity ranging from 20/25 to 20/200 and 1 eye had subfoveal PFCL with a visual acuity of 20/25. Overall, visual acuity either improved or remained stable in all 7 eyes. The anatomy of the retina and the location of the PFCL also remained stable, although in one case, a small PFCL droplet coalesced into a more posteriorly located droplet.

CONCLUSION:
Patients with submacular PFCL can remain stable for many years. In patients with significant visual loss, surgical removal of subfoveal PFCL can be considered.
Megarthrusof Korea, with description of a new species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Proteininae)
Authors: Cuccodoro Giulio , Kim Myoung Hee , Ahn Kee-Jeong 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA taxonomic study ofMegarthrusCurtis in Korea is presented. The genus is represented in Korea by 10 species includingM. coreanusKim and Cuccodorosp. nov.Megarthrus corticalisSharp,M. fennicusLahtinen,M. incubiferCuccodoro,M. japonicusSharp,M. montanusSawada,M. sawadaiCuccodoro, andM. zercheiCuccodoro and Löbl are reported from Korea for the first time. A diagnosis of the genus and a key to the Korean species are provided. The new species is diagnosed, described, and illustrated and the other species are diagnosed and illustrated. Species distributions are presented, and the effect of these Korean findings on the level of endemism of theMegarthrusfauna of Japan and Far East Russia is discussed.
Field investigation of mating behaviour of Agrilus cyanescens and Agrilus subcinctus
Authors: Lelito Jonathan P. , Domingue Michael J. , Fraser Ivich , Mastro Victor C. , Tumlinson James H. , Baker Thomas C. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe examined mate-finding behaviour in Agrilus subcinctus Gory (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Agrilus cyanescens Ratzeburg (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in ash (Fraxinus L. (Oleaceae)) stands in the Great Lakes region of the United States of America. Dead specimens of both species were affixed to ash foliage to serve as models to test visual stimulation of aerial attraction of males. The models were washed in dichloromethane to remove cuticular lipids or were left unwashed, to test for the presence of close-range pheromonal cues. Males of both species located females via a visually guided aerial approach from up to 1 m above females, similar to the behaviour of Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire. When male A. subcinctus or A. cyanescens made contact with females, contact sex pheromones mediated subsequent copulation behaviour. During their visually mediated airborne descent and landing, male A. cyanescens landed directly on female models; whereas, male A. subcinctus landed significantly more often on the leaf surface supporting a model. Male A. subcintus performed precopulatory pounce behaviour on female models after assessing surface chemical cues with their antennae. Male A. cyanescens landed upon a variety of models, but after landing, rejected a significant proportion of models lacking female A. cyanescens cuticular lipids.
Chalcidoid parasitoids of overwintered pupae of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) in hazelnut plantations of Turkey's central Black Sea region
Authors: Sullivan G.T. , Karaca I. , Ozman-Sullivan S.K. , Yang Z.Q. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOverwintered pupae of fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury), were collected from 38 hazelnut (Corylus avellana L. (Betulaceae)) plantations in Samsun province, Turkey, in 2008 and 2009. Four chalcidoid (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) species were reared: Chouioia cunea Yang (Eulophidae), Conomorium amplum (Walker), Dibrachys boarmiae (Walker), and Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker) (Pteromalidae). Overall parasitism was 11.97% and 4.84% for 2008 and 2009, respectively; species richness on sites ranged from one to three species. Psychophagus omnivorus parasitised 6.7% of all pupae and comprised 79% of chalcidoid rearings. Chouioia cunea had the highest clutch average (117) and female:male ratio (44.5:1). Records of Chouioia cunea and Conomorium amplum are new for Turkey and, except for P. omnivorus, all parasitoids are new records for H. cunea in Turkey.
First Mesozoic Microphysidae (Hemiptera): a new genus and species in Late Cretaceous amber from Canada
Authors: McKellar Ryan C. , Engel Michael S. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA new genus and species of microphysid bug is described and illustrated from two individuals preserved in Late Cretaceous (Campanian) amber from Alberta, Canada.Popovophysa entzmingerigen.etsp. nov.is distinguished from its fossil and modern counterparts. The new species has attributes of the two currently recognized subfamilies Ciorullinae and Microphysinae, suggesting that those taxa may not be distinct and are in need of cladistic analysis.
Phloem and xylem nitrogen variability in Quercus rubra attacked by Enaphalodes rufulus
Authors: Haavik Laurel J. , Ayres Matthew P. , Stange Erik E. , Stephen Fred M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe analyzed nitrogen (N) content in phloem and xylem of 75 northern red oak, Quercus rubra L. (Fagaceae), removed in 2002–2007 from three sites within the Ozark National Forest, Arkansas, to investigate the relationship between vascular tissue N status and wood borer infestation. Populations of native red oak borer, Enaphalodes rufulus (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), experienced an outbreak and population crash during the sampling period. Vascular tissue N was not correlated with borer infestation density (exit holes/m−2/bark surface), which suggests variation in N status of vascular tissue was not influenced by or did not influence borer success. Vascular tissue N was greater in trees sampled during winter months than in trees sampled in spring and summer months.
Validation of harmonic radar tags to study movement of Chinese citrus fly
Authors: Gui Lian-You , Xiu-Qin Huang , Chuan-Ren Li , Boiteau G. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractEffective management of Chinese citrus fly,Bactrocera minax(Enderlein) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is hindered by a lack of knowledge about its movements. We determined the feasibility of using harmonic radar technology to measure natural dispersal ofB. minax.Tests demonstrated that 3.8 mg tags representing 8% of average insect weight had no visible impact on the ability of flies to takeoff and maintain flight. More than 86% of flies retained their tags for at least 5 days, and there was no significant mortality. Neither adhesive tested for tag mounting affected the survival of flies. Presence of the vertical dorsal tag did not prevent or hamper vertical movement. Together, results validate the use of tags weighing up to 3.8 mg for radar or telemetric study of dispersal ecology ofB. minax.
Effect of artificial diet components on conspecific repellency of larval oral secretions from western spruce budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
Authors: Poirier L.M. , Borden J.H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractA choice feeding bioassay was used to investigate the effects of artificial diet components on the repellency of larval oral secretions from western spruce budworm, Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman, to conspecific larvae. Oral secretions from insects fed on agar supplemented with linseed oil were as repellent as secretions from insects fed on complete artificial diet. Secretions from insects fed on agar alone, agar and casein, or agar and wheat germ were not significantly more repellent than distilled water; neither was linseed oil alone. Linseed oil consists of glycerides of several fatty acids, which are likely metabolized quickly in the insect gut; repellency of oral secretions could be due to any of the related fatty acids or metabolites.
Volatile compounds from non-preferred wheat spikes reduce oviposition by Sitodiplosis mosellana
Authors: Gharalari A.H. , Smith M.A.H. , Fox S.L. , Lamb R.J. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractFemale wheat midges, Sitodiplosis mosellana (Géhin) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), were provided with wheat spikes, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), for oviposition while being exposed to air that had passed over wheat spikes of contrasting genotype or growth stage. Spikes of postanthesis ‘Roblin’ and preanthesis ‘Key 10’ are known to deter oviposition. Volatiles emitted by these spikes suppressed oviposition on preanthesis ‘Roblin', which is preferred for oviposition. Volatiles emitted by spikes of preanthesis ‘Roblin’ did not increase oviposition on preanthesis ‘Key 10'. Reduced oviposition on a resistant genotype and on a deterrent growth stage of wheat is consistent with production of deterrent volatiles rather than a lack of stimulatory volatiles.
Multifocal electroretinograms in age-related macular degeneration before and after photodynamic therapy
Authors: Kojima Masashi , Yukawa Eiichi , Shimoyama Kimie , Nochioka Katsunori , Tsujinaka Hiroki , Matsuura Toyoaki 
Published: July 2011

Purpose To evaluate multifocal electroretinograms (mfERG) and macular retinal thickness before and after photodynamic therapy (PDT) for predominantly classic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) (classic type) and occult with no classic CNV (occult type). Methods Recording of mfERG and measurement of macular retinal thickness were performed before and after PDT in 19 patients (19 eyes) with the classic type and 24 (26 eyes) with the occult type. The evaluation items were the amplitude of the first negative wave (N1), the amplitude from the peak of the negative wave to that of the following positive wave (P1), and the peak latencies of the negative and positive waves. Results Compared with mfERG before PDT, that after PDT showed a significant decrease in the P1 latency in the central area (31.1±1.9 ms before and 29.6±1.6 ms after PDT) for the classic type and significant decreases in both the central (32.0±2.0 ms before and 30.5±2.4 ms after PDT) and peripheral (30.2±2.0 ms before and 29.5±2.0 ms after PDT) areas for the occult type. Optical coherence tomography showed significant decreases in macular retinal thickness in both groups (464 and 314 μm before and after PDT, respectively, for the classic type and 516 and 340 μm for the occult type). Conclusions After PDT, retinal function evaluated by mfERG improved for both the classic and occult types, and the recovery of P1 latency may be due to improvement in retinal edema.
Original article. Transcription factors regulate Forkhead box O1 gene promoter activity in pancreatic β-cells
Authors: Luo Ying , Lin Yan , Han Xiao 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Background: Transcription factors of the Forkhead box O (Fox O) family have important roles in cellular proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and stress resistance. In pancreatic β-cells, FoxO1 protein plays an important role in β-cells development. The molecular mechanism of transcriptional regulation of basal FoxO1 gene expression in pancreatic β-cells is not fully understood.
Objectives: Explore the potential transcription factors regulating FoxO1 promoter activity using pancreatic β-cell line (RINm5F cells)
Methods: Promoter screening method, luciferase reporter gene analysis, transient expression assay system, and deletion analysis of a -974/-18 bp 5’ upstream region of the mouse FoxO1 gene were used in this study.
Results: An inhibition domain (-974/-321) and an activation domain (-321/-18) was identified through deletion analysis of a -974/-18 bp 5’ upstream region of the mouse FoxO1 gene. Using the promoter screening method, several transcription factors were selected. Luciferase reporter studies showed that these factors could regulate FoxO1 promoter activity in RINm5F cells. Among these factors, cAMP response-element binding protein (CREB) could positively regulate FoxO1 promoter activity. Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) played a negative role on FoxO1 promoter. In addition, ETS oncogene family member Elk-1 did not affect the FoxO1 promoter activity.
Conclusion: Two transcription factors (CREB and STAT1) could effectively regulate the mouse FoxO1 gene promoter activity.
Original article. Efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone for the prevention of vomiting associated with intrathecal chemotherapy and ketamine sedation in children: a randomized, double-blinded, crossover, placebocontrolled trial
Authors: Traivaree Chanchai , Torcharus Kitti , Lumkul Rachata , Komoltri Chulalak , Charuluxananan Somrat 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting remains a significant problem for children with leukemia. There is limited evidence to support using prophylactic antiemetic prior to the administration of intrathecal chemotherapy.
Objective: Determine whether vomiting and nausea associated with intravenous ketamine and intrathecal chemotherapy may be reduced by the addition of prophylactic dexamethasone in children.
Method:A randomized, double-blinded, crossover, placebo-controlled trial was completed in 33 children receiving intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate and ketamine sedation at Pharmongkutklao Hospital. Patients were randomly assigned in a double-blinded fashion to receive one of two interventions during the first period, either an infusion of normal saline or intravenous dexamethasone at 0.25 mg/kg/dose. Each patient acted as his or her own control, and each patient was studied at two time-points.
Results: Period effect, sequence effect, and carry over effect were not demonstrated. The absolute risk reduction of vomiting was significantly greater after infusion of dexamethasone than after placebo at 33.3 % (p=0.02). The number needed to treat was three to prevent one episode of vomiting. Fifteen patients in the treatment group reported nausea versus 26 patients in the placebo group (p= 0.007). In the group of patients treated with dexamethasone, five required antiemetic vs. 16 of those receiving placebo (p=0.02). There was no complication from dexamethasone.
Conclusion: Intravenous dexamethasone reduced vomiting associated with intrathecal chemotherapy and ketamine sedation, without significant side-effects. It may be recommended a reasonable option before intrathecal chemotherapy