bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What if it is not just an additional income? Poverty risks of non‐standard employment histories in Germany
Authors: Wolf Fridolin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile the poverty risks associated with transitions to and from different forms of non‐standard employment (NSE) have been studied extensively, poverty research on NSE histories remains fuzzy. Therefore, this study focuses on persons with NSE histories whose earnings contribute significantly to the household income, asking to what extent they are exposed to income poverty risks during their main career phase and examining the role of employment, family and sociodemographic characteristics. Employment histories were observed over 10 years using German Socio‐Economic Panel data from 2001 to 2020. A sequence cluster analysis identified four NSE clusters with increased poverty risks, namely, those with increasing and permanent low‐part‐time work, those who were mainly temporary agency‐employed or had long episodes of fixed‐term employment. Multivariate regressions considering employment‐specific, care‐related and sociodemographic characteristics revealed a network of cumulative disadvantages related to gender, occupational position, care obligations and structural disadvantages for those clusters.
Advances in common in vitro cellular models of pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Li Die , Zhang Xinyue , Song Ziqiong , Zhao Shan , Huang Yuan , Qian Weibin , Cai Xinrui 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of in vitro models is essential for a comprehensive understanding and investigation of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) at both cellular and molecular levels. This study presents a literature review and an analysis of various cellular models used in scientific studies, specifically focusing on their applications in elucidating the pathogenesis of PF. Our study highlights the importance of taking a comprehensive approach to studing PF, emphasizing the necessity of considering multiple cell types and organs and integrating diverse analytical perspectives. Notably, primary cells demonstrate remarkable cell growth characteristics and gene expression profiles; however, their limited availability, maintenance challenges, inability for continuous propagation and susceptibility to phenotypic changes over time significantly limit their utility in scientific investigation. By contrast, immortalized cell lines are easily accessible, cultured and continuously propagated, although they may have some phenotypic differences from primary cells. Furthermore, in vitro coculture models offer a more practical and precise method to explore complex interactions among cells, tissues and organs. Consequently, when developing models of PF, researchers should thoroughly assess the advantages, limitations and relevant mechanisms of different cell models to ensure their selection is consistent with the research objectives.
Estimated Impact of Nirsevimab on the Incidence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections Requiring Hospital Admission in Children < 1 Year, Weeks 40, 2023, to 8, 2024, Spain
Authors: Mazagatos Clara , Mendioroz Jacobo , Rumayor Mercedes Belén , Gallardo García Virtudes , Álvarez Río Virginia , Cebollada Gracia Ana Delia , Batalla Rebollo Noa , Barranco Boada María Isabel , Pérez‐Martínez Olaia , Lameiras Azevedo Ana Sofía , López González‐Coviella Nieves , Castrillejo Daniel , Fernández Ibáñez Ana , Giménez Duran Jaume , Ramírez Córcoles Cristina , Ramos Marín Violeta , Larrauri Amparo , Monge Susana ,   The SARI Sentinel Surveillance RSV Study Group
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundData from the sentinel surveillance system of severe acute respiratory infections in Spain were used to estimate the impact of administration of nirsevimab to children born from 1 April 2023 onwards.MethodsEstimated RSV hospitalisations in < 1‐year‐olds during weeks 40, 2023, to 8, 2024, were compared to the number that would be expected after accounting for the background change in RSV circulation in the 2023/24 season, compared to 2022/23.ResultsWe estimated 9364–9875 RSV hospitalisations less than expected, corresponding to a 74%–75% reduction.
Spermatogenesis in cultured blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) from a cold‐ocean environment: Seasonal spatiotemporal expression of three gamete‐associated molecular markers
Authors: Murray Harry M. , Gallardi Daria , Hobbs Kimberley D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo understand the seasonality of spermatogenesis in cultured males of Mytilus edulis from a cold‐ocean environment, we investigated the cellular transitions occurring within the spermatogenic epithelium of the testicular acini during early and advancing spermatogenesis, with specific reference to the histology of the epithelium, gene specific spermatogenic response, condition, culture environment, and season. A combination of histological evaluation, qPCR analysis, and in situ hybridization was used to examine the cellular transitions taking place in the germinal epithelium from late winter through to a seasonal spawn in summer. We observed clear seasonal transitionary changes in the spermatogenic cell population making up the germinal epithelium (i.e., spermatogonial stem cells, spermatocytes, spermatids, and spermatozoa) extending from February to July. These seasonal transitions in spermatogenic cell type coincided with significant variation in the spatiotemporal expression of two molecular markers for spermatogenesis (i.e., Kelch‐like protein 10 [KLHL10] and Armadillo repeat‐containing protein 4 isoform X2 [ARMC4]) but not for expression of a gamete‐specific Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (MT‐COI). The spatiotemporal expression of these genes is directly linked to the cellular changes taking place in the germinal epithelium during spermatogenesis. These observations not only corresponded to seasonal changes in physiological condition but also environmental temperature and chlorophyll a, thus further supporting the link between male gametogenesis and environment in higher latitude regions.
Barriers to physical activity participation for adults with intellectual disability: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Michalsen Henriette , Henriksen André , Hartvigtsen Gunnar , Olsen Monica Isabel , Pedersen Erlend Refseth , Søndenaa Erik , Jahnsen Reidun Birgitta , Anke Audny 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundIdentifying barriers that can be modified to promote physical activity is important for informing health interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities.ObjectivesExploring participation in physical activity considering age, sex, living conditions, and health conditions. Further, identifying barriers significantly associated with sedentary activity after adjustment for physical activity correlates.MethodsA cross‐sectional study including physical activity and barrier questions from the POMONA‐15 health indicators. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with sedentary activity level as dependent variable.ResultsAmong 213 participants with intellectual disabilities, 36% reported predominately sedentary activities, 53% light and 11% moderate/vigorous physical activity. Barriers related to sedentary activity after adjustment were transportation, health conditions, mobility impairment, and lack of activities at the day activity centre.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the need to enhance physical activity opportunities at day activity centres, tailor programmes for wheelchair users, and improve access to physical activity facilities for adults with intellectual disabilities.
Factors affecting caregiver burden among parents of children with cancer: A path analysis
Authors: Heller Niv , Melnikov Semyon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsTo investigate the relationships between parental resilience, illness perception and pain catastrophizing as factors affecting caregiver burden among parents of children with cancer, based on the Transactional Model of Stress and Coping.BackgroundParents, as the primary caregivers of children with cancer, often face universal challenges. These include adverse health impacts, work, financial disruptions, strained social and family relationships, and the need for specialised support and intervention.DesignA cross‐sectional design using path analysis.MethodsThe STROBE guidelines for cross‐sectional studies were followed. An online questionnaire was distributed through Facebook pages operated by various organisations that support parents of children with cancer, such as ‘The Israel Cancer Association’, ‘Giving Hope’ and ‘Hayim Association’ from October 2021 to February 2022. The participants completed a questionnaire about demographic and child‐related characteristics, resilience, illness perception, pain catastrophizing, social support and caregiver burden. Associations between the variables were explored using Pearson's correlations and path analyses.ResultsThe study included 67 parents of children with cancer with an average age of 41.79 (SD = 6.31). The majority were mothers (n = 54, 80.6%) with a steady partner (n = 62, 92.5%). The level of caregiver burden was M (SD) = 25.00 (7.15) out of 48 possible, indicating a high burden level. Illness perception was directly positively associated with caregiver burden (β = .280, p = .017) and pain catastrophizing (β = .340, p < .01), and directly negatively with resilience (β = −.318, p < .01). Illness perception and pain catastrophizing serially mediated the relationship between resilience and caregiver burden among parents of children with cancer (β = −.190, p = .001).ConclusionsThis study found that both illness perception and pain catastrophizing serially mediated the relationship between personal resilience and caregiver burden.Relevance to clinical practiceTo ease caregiver burden for parents of children with cancer, programmes should address their psychological and emotional needs, including managing perceptions of illness and coping with pain‐related distress.
MiR‐143‐3p regulates chondrogenic differentiation of synovium derived mesenchymal stem cells under mechanical stress through the BMPR2‐Smad signalling pathway by targeting BMPR2
Authors: Yan Xiao , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Mengmeng , He Zijing , Liu Ran , Liu Jun , Ren Dapeng , Zeng Xuemin , Lv Tao , Yuan Xiao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundMesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the synovium, known as synovium mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs), exhibit significant potential for articular cartilage regeneration owing to their capacity for chondrogenic differentiation. However, the microRNAs (miRNAs) governing this process and the associated mechanisms remain unclear. While mechanical stress positively influences chondrogenesis in MSCs, the miRNA‐mediated response of SMSCs to mechanical stimuli is not well understood.ObjectiveThis study explores the miRNA‐driven mechano‐transduction in SMSCs chondrogenesis under mechanical stress.MethodsThe surface phenotype of SMSCs was analysed by flow cytometry. Chondrogenesis capacities of SMSCs were examined by Alcian blue staining. High throughput sequencing was used to screen mechano‐sensitive miRNAs of SMSCs. The RNA expression level of COL2A1, ACAN, SOX9, BMPR2 and miR‐143‐3p of SMSCs were tested by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). The interaction between miR‐143‐3p and TLR4 was confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. The protein expression levels of related genes were assessed by western blot.ResultsHigh‐throughput sequencing revealed a notable reduction in miR‐143‐3p levels in mechanically stressed SMSCs. Gain‐ or loss‐of‐function strategies introduced by lentivirus demonstrated that miR‐143‐3p overexpression hindered chondrogenic differentiation, whereas its knockdown promoted this process. Bioinformatics scrutiny and luciferase reporter assays pinpointed a potential binding site for miR‐143‐3p within the 3′‐UTR of bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2). MiR‐143‐3p overexpression decreased BMPR2 expression and phosphorylated Smad1, 5 and 8 levels, while its inhibition activated BMPR2‐Smad pathway.ConclusionThis study elucidated that miR‐143‐3p negatively regulates SMSCs chondrogenic differentiation through the BMPR2‐Smad pathway under mechanical tensile stress. The direct targeting of BMPR2 by miR‐143‐3p established a novel dimension to our understanding of mechano‐transduction mechanism during SMSC chondrogenesis. This understanding is crucial for advancing strategies in articular cartilage regeneration.
A regenerative approach for temporomandibular joint repair: An in vitro and ex vivo study
Authors: Guastaldi Fernando P. S. , Matheus Henrique R. , Hadad Henrique , Randolph Mark A. , Redmond Robert W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrent clinical approaches to regenerate temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articulating cartilage defects only treat the symptoms (i.e. pain and dysfunction) and do not seek to restore joint integrity for long‐term relief. Therefore, we investigated a novel self‐assembling tissue‐engineered cartilage to overcome this significant clinical issue for TMJ regenerative purposes.ObjectivesExamine the maturation of dynamic self‐regenerating cartilage (dSRC) using auricular chondrocytes and evaluate a novel combinatorial approach with fractional laser treatment and dSRC implantation for TMJ cartilage repair.Materials and MethodsA suspension of 107 freshly harvested rabbit ear chondrocytes was cultured under a continuous reciprocating motion to form the dSRC. After 2, 4 and 8 weeks of culture, dSRC samples were stained with H&E, Safranin‐O and Toluidine Blue. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed for collagens type I and II. Channels (300–500 μm diameter and 1.2–1.5 mm depth) were created in six freshly harvested condyles using a fractional Erbium laser. Two groups were tested: dSRC in a laser‐ablated lesion (experimental) and an empty laser‐ablated channel (control). TMJ condyles were cultured for up to 8 weeks and analysed as described above.ResultsH&E staining showed a high cell density in dSRC compared to native cartilage. All dSRC groups demonstrated intense Safranin‐O staining, indicating high glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production and intense Toluidine Blue staining showed high proteoglycan content. IHC confirmed that dSRC consisted predominantly of collagen type II. The experimental group showed improved cartilage repair at both time points compared to the empty channels.ConclusiondSRC viability and successful matrix formation were demonstrated in vitro. The combination of fractional laser ablation and dSRC implantation enhanced cartilage repair.
Cluster behavior in dental implant failure – A scoping review
Authors: Bidra Avinash S. , Volp Luiz Carlos , Iverson Marissa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo provide an overview of cluster behavior in dental implant failure including the reported prevalence in modern roughened surface implants as well as the risk factors associated with cluster failures.Material and MethodsAn electronic search for articles in the English language literature published from January 1, 2000, to March 8, 2023, was performed using PubMed, Embase, Dentistry and Oral Sciences, ProQuest, and Central search engines. Using a standardized systematic search process and predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria in three stages, the final list of selected articles reporting on cluster behavior in dental implant failure was obtained. Cluster behavior was defined as the failure of two or more implants in the same patient within a 2‐year period irrespective of the site. Data from the selected articles were reviewed, critically analyzed, interpreted, and reported.ResultsThe initial electronic search resulted in 948 titles. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the systematic search process resulted in five clinical studies reporting data on cluster behavior of dental implant failure with modern roughened surfaces. These five studies reported on a total of 9986 implants with 858 reported failures (early and late) over varying periods. Out of the 858 implant failures, 217 implants (25.2%) exhibited cluster behavior. The overall prevalence of cluster behavior of modern roughened surface implant failure was 2.1%. The most common location risk factors reported were posterior maxilla, history of previous implant failures, poor bone quality, and occlusal overload.ConclusionsCluster behavior occurs in 25% of modern roughened surface implant failures which is significantly less than machined surface cluster implant failures. Nevertheless, the overall prevalence of cluster pattern of implant failure of modern roughened surface implants is reasonably low at 2%.
Microbiome of periodontitis and peri‐implantitis before and after therapy: Long‐read 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing
Authors: Yu Pei‐Shiuan , Tu Che‐Chang , Wara‐aswapati Nawarat , Wang Chen‐Ying , Tu Yu‐Kang , Hou Hsin‐Han , Ueno Takaaki , Chen I‐Hui , Fu Kuan‐Lun , Li Huei‐Ying , Chen Yi‐Wen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThe microbial profiles of peri‐implantitis and periodontitis (PT) are inconclusive. The controversies mainly arise from the differences in sampling sites, targeted gene fragment, and microbiome analysis techniques. The objective of this study was to explore the microbiomes of peri‐implantitis (PI), control implants (CI), PT and control teeth (CT), and the microbial change of PI after nonsurgical treatment (PIAT).MethodsTwenty‐two patients diagnosed with both PT and peri‐implantitis were recruited. Clinical periodontal parameters and radiographic bone levels were recorded. In each patient, the subgingival and submucosal plaque samples were collected from sites with PI, CI, PT, CT, and PIAT. Microbiome diversity was analyzed by high‐throughput amplicon sequencing using full‐length of 16S rRNA gene by next generation sequencing.ResultsThe 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis revealed 512 OTUs in oral microbiome and 377 OTUs reached strain levels. The PI and PT groups possessed their own unique core microbiome. Treponema denticola was predominant in PI with probing depth of 8–10 mm. Interestingly, Thermovirga lienii DSM 17291 and Dialister invisus DSM 15470 were found to associate with PI. Nonsurgical treatment for peri‐implantitis did not significantly alter the microbiome, except Rothia aeria.ConclusionOur study suggests Treponemas species may play a pivotal role in peri‐implantitis. Nonsurgical treatment did not exert a major influence on the peri‐implantitis microbiome in short‐term follow‐up. PT and peri‐implantitis possess the unique microbiome profiles, and different therapeutic strategies may be suggested in the future.
Prevalence of human papillomavirus in oral cancer in Asia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pimolbutr Kununya , Poomsawat Sopee , Na‐ek Nat , Warnakulasuriya Saman , Buajeeb Waranun 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) across Asian countries, focusing on South and Southeast Asia.MethodsA systematic search of four databases—MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ProQuest—was conducted to identify observational studies published between January 2013 and December 2023. The pooled prevalence of HPV was estimated using random‐effects models, and subgroup analysis was performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity.ResultsA total of 77 studies were included, comprising 7289 OSCC cases from 11 countries. The pooled HPV prevalence in OSCC was 23.1% (95% CI 17.9–28.7, I2 = 96.7%). South Asia had the highest prevalence (27.1%), followed by East Asia (19.4%), and Southeast Asia (16.7%). Two subtypes were commonly reported: HPV‐16 (9.1%) and HPV‐18 (5.1%). Anatomical subsites, buccal mucosa (34.0%), and floor of the mouth (33.2%) had similar ranges of HPV prevalence. All studies exhibited a high degree of heterogeneity, with the OSCC location and risk of bias identified as potential sources of heterogeneity.ConclusionsDue to the high HPV prevalence in OSCC in Asia, HPV detection in routine pathology practice is recommended. Future studies should be conducted in multicentre settings using similar HPV detection methods and reporting detailed demographic and clinical information on oral sub‐sites.
Effect of Insertional Direction of Pedicle Screw on Screw Loosening: A Biomechanical Study on Synthetic Bone Vertebra under a Physiology‐like Load
Authors: Zhan Xuqiang , Gao Feng , Yang Yangyang , Tsai Tsung‐Yuan , Wan Zongmiao , Yu Yan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesIt is now understood that pedicle screw loosening at the implant‐bone interface can lead to poor screw–bone interface purchase and decreased fixation stability. Previous biomechanical tests used cadaveric vertebrae and pull‐out or torque loads to assess the effect of the insertional direction of pedicle screws on screw loosening. However, these tests faced challenges in matching biomechanical differences among specimens and simulating in vivo loads applied on pedicle screws. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the insertional direction of pedicle screws on screw loosening using tension‐compression‐bending loads and synthetic bone vertebrae.MethodsPolyaxial pedicle screws were inserted into nine synthetic bone vertebrae in three directions (three samples per group): cranial, parallel, and caudad (−10°, 0°, +10° of the pedicle screw rod to the upper plane of the vertebra, respectively). Pedicle screws in the vertebrae were loaded using a polyethylene block connected to a material testing machine. Tension‐compression‐bending loads (100N–250N) with 30,000 cycles were applied to the pedicle screws, and displacements were recorded and then cycle‐displacement curve was drawn based on cycle number. Micro‐CT scans were performed on the vertebrae after removing the pedicle screws to obtain images of the screw hole, and the screw hole volume was measured using imaging analysis software. Direct comparison of displacements was conducted via cycle‐displacement curve. Screw hole volume was analyzed using analysis of variance. The correlation between the displacement, screw hole volume and the direction of pedicle screw was assessed by Spearman correlation analysis.ResultsThe smallest displacements were observed in the caudad group, followed by the parallel and cranial groups. The caudad group had the smallest screw hole volume (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009 compared to the cranial and parallel groups, respectively), while the volume in the parallel group was greater than that in the cranial group (p = 0.003). Correlation analysis revealed that the insertional direction of the pedicle screw was associated with the displacement (p = −0.949, p < 0.001) and screw hole volume (p = −0.944, p < 0.001).ConclusionStrong correlations were found between the insertional direction of the pedicle screw and relevant parameters, including displacement and screw hole volume. Pedicle screw insertion in the caudad direction resulted in the least pedicle screw loosening.