bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Low-Cost Innovation Design for Portable Rubbish Cage Trap (PRCT) in Drain System
Authors: Ahmad N A , Zainal I N , Ali Z M 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
One of the primary contributors to water pollution is the presence of solid waste or rubbish within the drainage system. Moreover, the presence of an obstruction within the drainage system would impede the movement of water, so leading to the occurrence of a flood. Based on the given circumstances, a recommended solution to address the issue involves the utilisation of a Portable Rubbish Cage Trap (PRCT). This research seeks to investigate and assess hydraulic features such flow rate, total amount of collected garbage, and rainfall distribution, in addition to proposing an innovative design of a PRCT employing reusable and recycled materials from a building site. The components of PRCT are cable ties, grey polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing, and green netting available in two sizes. To produce a low-cost project, these materials are collected from rubbish found on building sites. The drainage line under investigation is situated in Taman Universiti, Johor Bahru. The study aims to compare the data obtained from previous data using Mesh type cage and analysis performed in this study includes the measurement of the weight of the collected waste in the PRCT, the examination of rainfall patterns, and the assessment of the hydraulic properties affecting the effluent flow rate over a two-week period. The investigation reveals that the Mesh Type wall has a higher weight of imprisoned waste 388.52 kg compared to the PRCT with 339.3 kg. The mean flow rates for the Mesh type cage and PRCT are 7.43 mm3/s and 39.2 mm3/s, respectively. The highest recorded rainfall distribution in October 2020 was 39 mm, while the highest recorded weight was 57.3 kg. The market potential of the PRCT can be enhanced by ensuring cost-effective measures for collecting construction waste materials and labour, as well as by improving the durability of the PRCT.
Degradation of chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids and ammoniacal nitrogen from sewage by sweet potato peel coagulant under the influence of pH
Authors: Shaylinda M Z N , Jismi N M M N , Nazari A N A , Akbar N A , Ishak M F , Talib S H A , Mohd-Salleh S N A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Coagulation is a common treatment stage included in conventional sewage treatment. Various chemical, synthetic and natural coagulants in the form of single, dual and composite were applied in this treatment stage. However, the application of natural coagulants made from food waste is still uncommon. Thus, this study compares the ability of sweet potato peel as a composite coagulant (PACSPP), dual coagulant (PAC+SPP) and single coagulant (SPP) under the influence of pH in removing chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS) and ammoniacal nitrogen (AN) from sewage wastewater. Raw sewage sample before primary treatment was collected from University Tun Hussein Onn Sewage Treatment plant by using grab sampling method. Optimization study was conducted by using jar tester. At the optimum condition of PACSPP (pH 7), the percentage removal of COD, SS and AN was 54%, 95% and 39%. While a single SPP coagulant, at its optimal pH of 9, achieved 24%, 16% and 17% removals of COD, SS and AN, respectively. Meanwhile, optimisation of dual coagulant (pH 9) demonstrated 39%, 73% and 42% removals of COD, SS and AN, respectively. Thus, SPP, as a composite coagulant, outperformed the dual and single coagulant of SPP.
Predictive model for corrective maintenance costs: Empowering decision-making in building renovation
Authors: Hauashdh A , Nagapan S , Jailani J , Alzaeemi S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The prediction of corrective maintenance costs is significant given the predominant use of a corrective maintenance approach in building maintenance. Accurately estimating the costs associated with corrective maintenance at an early stage holds substantial implications for cost allocation, maintenance budgeting, cost effectiveness, and efficient planning, all of which are vital factors contributing to the overall success of building maintenance. However, the utilization of historical data to predict future maintenance costs remains underutilized. To contribute to this gap, this study aims to develop a prediction model for the number of building defects and their associated costs based on past data of defects and building age. The study encompasses 40 buildings and employs regression analysis to develop a predictive model. The predictive model was coded in Python to validate and ensure logical outputs and alignment with expected outcomes while also utilizing the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient between variables and model output accuracy. The resulting model can provide logical outcomes, enabling accurate predictions of corrective maintenance costs for each building. Furthermore, it assists decision-making regarding cost considerations, such as determining whether an aging building should be renovated or if repairing specific defects based on a corrective approach is more beneficial. In summary, this study contributes to enhancing maintenance planning and informed decision-making, providing significant benefits for maintenance cost estimation, and building renovation decisions.
Blockchain technology in building information modelling (bim): potential, challenges, and strategies
Authors: Kiu M S , Lim K X , Wong P F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Blockchain technology is well known for its decentralized server, able to keep records of transactions and having the ability to perform tracing. It has been widely used as it provides benefits to many sectors, and it is perceived to solve traceability and transparency problems and further improve Building Information Modelling (BIM)’s adoption. Hence, the aim of this study is to identify the potential of blockchain technology in BIM. This research adopted a qualitative approach as there is a lack of literature review on blockchain potentials in BIM. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with four (4) construction players and four (4) blockchain experts. Content analysis was then adopted to analyse the interviews data collected. From the findings, three (3) potentials of blockchain technology in BIM, six (6) challenges and five (5) strategies towards adopting blockchain technology in BIM were identified. Recommendation was provided for future research to go in depth on how blockchain technology can integrate with BIM and the potential challenges during the blockchain-based BIM deployment processes.
Determinants of project time extension factors in the construction of building projects in Pakistan
Authors: Irfanullah  , Hasmori M F , Abas N H , Nagapan S , Said I 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Building construction projects are vital for a country’s resource utilization and economic growth. Timely project completion is crucial for success, while delays can lead to financial instability. One key challenge in the construction sector is efficient time management, with project delays being a major issue. This study investigates the causes of such delays in Pakistani building projects. Through a comprehensive approach, this research reviews existing literature, develops a targeted questionnaire, and gathers responses from experienced practitioners. The findings reveal key factors, including late financing by clients, non-standard procedures by authorities, compressed schedules and inadequate project planning, lack of coordination among involved departments, and protracted procedures. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers, engineers, and project stakeholders to address and prevent these delay-inducing issues, ultimately fostering successful construction outcomes.
Factors affecting the success of construction projects: a case study of the social development fund (SFD), Mukalla branch in Yemen
Authors: Al-nasi S , Ismail S , Yunus R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The success of the individual projects undertaken by construction businesses determines the health of the construction sector. The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of the changing environment of development and economic stability within the construction industry. It emphasises how important it is to develop plans and policies for national building and economic planning initiatives. The building industry in Yemen is beset by enduring difficulties that lead to project failures in the administrative, economic, and social spheres. Inadequate planning, coordination, communication, and use of technology are frequently the cause of these failures. In light of this, we investigate the various aspects that contribute to the success of building projects. Using the Social Fund for Development (SFD)-Mukalla Branch in Yemen as a case study, this research aims to develop a conceptual framework that clarifies how organisational, management, functional, and environmental factors affect project effectiveness. The scope includes appropriate agents from the sponsoring authority, engineers, and contractors connected to the SFD-Mukalla Branch. The SFD-Mukalla Branch has demonstrated success by finishing 66 projects in a variety of governorates, including as Hadhramut, Shabwah, AlMahrah, and Sokatra. These initiatives were a success because to the joint efforts of 66 contractors and 140 engineers. This paper uses a quantitative questionnaire approach in terms of methodology, which is consistent with the descriptive nature of the study. This strategy aids in the creation of the conceptual framework intended to pinpoint crucial elements that conceptually influence Yemen’s construction industry’s success. The research holds great importance as it can serve as a catalyst for additional scientific investigation and establish a fundamental framework for other studies. In this case, the research goals might be summed up as follows: Using data from SFD-Mukalla Branch in Yemen, develop a conceptual framework that shows how functional and management elements relate to the conceptual success of building projects. Explain the theoretical relationship between organisational, environmental, and construction project success at SFD’s Mukalla Branch in Yemen. Create a model that outlines the conceptual success elements based on the SFD-Mukalla Branch case study. Finally, the goal of this conceptual project is to add to the body of knowledge that serves as the basis for developments in Yemen’s building industry. The goal of this study is to conceptualise the elements that lead to project success in order to facilitate more resilient and successful construction projects.
Retention pond as an alternative to mitigating runoff and sustainable water source at Jember University
Authors: Hidayah E , Putri F K , Ma’ruf M F 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Surface runoff volume and groundwater consumption have increased because of development activities and increasing groundwater consumption at the University of Jember (UNEJ). Rainwater and runoff, on the other hand, can be used as alternative water sources to meet clean water needs and encourage sustainable campus growth. Retention ponds (RP) are excellent stormwater management solutions, which is part of the Low Impact Development (LID) practises. Low-lying areas or natural basins are suitable locations for RP, yet in some circumstances, like as flat topographic settings, RP placement is typically determined by available land. However, to efficiently capture and maintain rainfall, RPs should be strategically situated around peak runoff source areas, according to LID principles. As a result, this study examines the RP’s response as well as the possibility for rainwater harvesting depending on various capacities and locations. At terms of location, RPs at peak runoff sources are more successful than other locations in preventing inundation and storing water. Based on capacity, RP with 60% of maximum total intake performs better than the other. However, for optimal harvesting it is better to use RP with 80% of the maximum total intake.
Assessment of Slope Mapping by Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)
Authors: Kahlid M D , Ahmad A M , Ahmad J , Azim-Kahar K A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are an emerging technology for 3D Earth modelling and mapping. UAVs collect aerial images that are used to generate orthophotos with the assistance of navigation systems such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) and telemetry monitors at the Ground Control Station (GSC) for monitoring and controlling the UAV in autonomous flight. However, precision is critical in UAV photogrammetry mapping (PMg) to present acceptable precision measurements of the captured images that closely related to Ground Sample Distance (GSD) as most survey works are gradually shifting away from conventional surveying equipment such as total station and theodolite which has good precision measurement. This study focuses on the application of UAVs at close-range topography and mapping of land slope. Flight through the slope will vary in terms of flying altitude, affecting the GSD’s value for each slope height. The accuracy of PMg for land slope is subsequently assessed by evaluating the accuracy of slope mapping, particularly the slope height derived from Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Digital Surface Model (DSM) of orthophotos and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) survey. This is due to the fact that most PMg is done on almost exclusively horizontal areas, and the GSD change value acquired remains the same. The purpose of this study is to analyze the accuracy of PMg of land slope by land slope mapping at 100m flight high above ground level. the RMSE recorded for x and y coordinate were (RMSEx = 0.654198cm) and (RMSEy = 0.668516cm) while for elevation error was (RMSEz = 0.512062cm). This study’s output is to help and assist authorities in construction planning, particularly during the cutting and filling process; to determine the precise amount of earth required for construction; and control the cost of earthwork.
Impact of covid-19 on construction projects: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Abushammala M F M , Farrag S 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
After the onset of Covid-19, the economy and trade worldwide faced severe disruption, which simultaneously affected industries, businesses, construction companies, and households. All the sectors were hit the hardest by the economic crises caused due to Covid-19. Likewise, the construction sector was not spared by the crisis; in fact, it received the hardest blow. Due to the disruptions of trade, supply chains were disrupted, labor shortages, and Covid-19 protocols resulted in delays in projects, consequently causing the cost overrun. Hence, to analyse the situation of construction sector of Oman, this study surveyed professionals from the industry to understand the challenges and their impacts on the construction sector. Moreover, the study focused on the improvements that have been made so far since the vaccination drives gained pace in Oman. Because of Covid-19, almost 90% of the respondent’s delays in projects. However, 21% of the respondents reported that their companies were not able to claim relief entitlements, this is also proved by the similar amount of people reporting that the contracts implemented in Oman doesn’t protect the rights of all parties equally. The results also shown that labor shortage and cost overrun have the major impacts on the construction sector, followed by claims for relief entitlements in case of project delays.
Insights on sustainable elements in ancient Iraq: a systematic review
Authors: Fadhal A A , Wahab I B A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the sustainable elements of ancient Iraq, with an emphasis on site, water, materials, energy, and indoor environmental quality. A thorough search was directed of various databases, bringing about a sum of 31 significant articles that met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed literature uncovers that ancient Iraq had a critical degree of complexity and development when it came to sustainable practices, especially in the space of energy, water, materials, and indoor environmental quality. These sustainable practices could give vital experiences and examples to advanced sustainability endeavours. The outcomes of the present paper are introduced in a few tables and diagrams, including the conveyance of explored articles by year, journal, and locale, as well as the main 10 driving articles in the sample literature. By and large, this systematic review features the capability of ancient sustainable practices to illuminate advanced sustainability struggles and highlights the significance of interdisciplinary examination to distinguish and advance sustainable practices athwart assorted societies and ancient times.
A review of conductive additives for enhancing the electrical properties of self-sensing asphalt
Authors: Yousafzai A K , Sutanto M H , Khan M I , Yaro N S A , Memon A M , Khan M T , Arshad M A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Asphalt is traditionally an insulator to the flow of electric current, but it can be transformed into a self-sensing conductive material by incorporating recyclable and environmentally friendly additives. These additives offer a range of smart and sustainable applications in the pavement industry. However, there is still much to be learned about the production and performance behavior of conductive asphalt. This study presents a comprehensive review of the literature on conductive additives used in asphalt to provide a holistic understanding of the current state of research in this field. The objective of the study is to critically review and characterize conductive additives used in asphalt to achieve electric conductivity in it and resultingly explore its self-sensing features. The development of conductive asphalt has significant research potential, and improving its piezoresistivity and conductive network is the focus of future smart asphalt technology research. The review provides an in-depth understanding of conductive asphalt concrete and identifies current research themes and corresponding challenges. This study serves as a valuable resource for researchers and industry professionals working in the field of conductive asphalt.
The effectiveness of Building Information Modelling (BIM) in solving railway project management issues in Malaysia
Authors: Molarn M A , Ang P S E , Ali R B , Zaini M H B 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Railway projects involve complex planning and management as compared to regular construction projects, but BIM can simplify and improve the management of these projects. MRT 2 faced problems like design discrepancies and coordination issues, while Gemas - JB ETS encountered issues with construction changes, cost overruns, and project delays. Hence, this research intends to investigate the project management issues and examine the effectiveness of BIM implementation in solving project management issues in railway construction projects in Malaysia. A qualitative study was executed by conducting semi-structured interview on BIM professionals from the MRT 2 and Gemas-JB ETS railway construction projects. Six purposively selected respondents from the railway construction industry were interviewed, achieving data saturation. The main issues discovered were lack of communication, lack of coordination, clashes in construction, redesign and unrealistic schedules. The said issues mainly occurred during pre – construction stage. The level of BIM effectiveness in MRT 2 is high when full BIM was implemented as compared to Gemas – JB ETS that have low effectiveness when partial BIM was implemented. The findings of this study is able to show that full BIM implementation in a project management can greatly enhance coordination and efficiency while reducing costs in the railway industry.
Redefining user experience: a study of free-fare buses and its service quality in Johor, Malaysia
Authors: Zakaria H , Rohani M Md. , Nordin N , Ambak K , Mohd Pozi M F , Mohd Rashidi N F A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In Malaysia, public transport is well renowned for assisting its residents from place to place while also working to lower the travel cost. However, from the perspective of the bus supplier, free-fare bus service may have significant fuel, maintenance, personnel and infrastructure costs that might not be met by money from passenger fees. In the long run, this can have an impact on the service’s viability and financial sustainability. In order to assess the return on an investment that does not anticipate a monetary return, a study of passengers’ satisfaction of the performance of free-fare bus service operations was conducted in Johor, Malaysia among 375 passengers. The survey covered five aspects, including comfort, responsiveness, facility, safety and information availability. Through the usage of 5-point Likert-scale questions, frequency and descriptive analyses were included. According to a population sample taken at random, more than half of free-fare buses users are female, teenagers or students who does not own a driving licence and without a source of income, making it impossible for them to acquire a motorized vehicle. All factors had a mean score of greater than 3.50, indicating that users are satisfied. This is advantageous because it demonstrates how government funding can result in the best service possible for users. In other way, the good free-fare bus services can attract more passenger in embracing the sustainability strategy to improve the traffic flow.
Tsunami Risk Mapping in Tempurejo District, Jember Regency based on BNPB Criteria using TOPSIS Method
Authors: Wiyono Retno Utami Agung , Pujianto Andri , Hidayah Entin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tempurejo District is one of the areas directly adjacent to the Indian Ocean, where three active tectonic plates meet. This is evidenced by the 1994 tsunami in Banyuwangi, the impact of which was felt by the people of Tempurejo District, Jember Regency. In an effort to mitigate the risk of tsunami disaster that may occur in Tempurejo District, a tsunami risk map is needed in the area. There are very few studies on tsunami risk mapping in Tempurejo District. A previous study utilized only hazard and vulnerability parameter while capacity parameter is not taken into account while in this study, three parameters mentioned before are used to estimate the tsunami risk level. Furthermore, two methods are utilized to produce a tsunami risk map in Tempurejo District. The first method utilizes the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) method, while the second method employs TOPSIS as a modified weighting method for tsunami risk mapping. The results of this study provide a map of the levels of hazard, capacity, vulnerability, and risk at the research location.