bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyberattack Detection Using Unsupervised Learning Techniques
Authors: Islam Amanul , Rashid Md Mamunur 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cybersecurity threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated and challenging to detect, making it critical to develop effective and robust detection mechanisms. Unsupervised learning techniques offer a promising approach for cyberattack detection, particularly in scenarios where labeled data is scarce or not available. In this research, we propose a novel approach for cyberattack detection using adversarial autoencoders, which combine the traditional autoencoder architecture with an additional adversarial component. The proposed approach involves data collection and preprocessing, training an adversarial autoencoder model using unsupervised learning with adversarial training, detecting anomalies, and evaluating the performance of the approach. The proposed approach offers several benefits, including the ability to capture complex relationships in the data and generate realistic reconstructions of normal data. The effectiveness and potential of the proposed approach will be evaluated through extensive experiments and comparisons with existing unsupervised learning techniques or other benchmark methods.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Care of Babies and Children
Authors: Franzin Lucimara Cheles da Silva , Peloso Renan Morais , Cotrin Paula , dos Santos Ferreira Bruna , Franzin Fernanda Mara , Franzin Claudio Alberto , Pini Nubia Inocencya Pavesi , Valarelli Fabricio Pinelli , Santin Gabriela Cristina , Pinzan-Vercelino Celia Regina Maio , Freitas Karina Maria Salvatore 
Published: April 2024

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted people's lives and also dental and medical care.

Objective
To evaluate parents' attitudes toward their children's dental care and habits during the early and intermediate stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

Material and Methods
A structured online questionnaire containing 22 questions (available from August 19th to September 18th, 2020) was used. The parents of babies and children (aged 0-6 years) who were visiting the Baby Clinics of the Dental Department were eligible to participate in this study.

Results
During the stay-at-home orders, only 21.1% of the parents continued to take their child to the pediatrician for routine follow-up; 22.6% took the children to the doctor only due to an emergency. Most parents (53.5%) reported being very afraid of going out with their babies/ children during the pandemic and became infected. Most parents (84.9%) reported having doubts about maintaining their baby/child’s oral health guidelines during quarantine, and 81.1% had doubts about what to do in case of eruption of their baby/ child’s teeth. Some parents reported a decrease in the oral hygiene and eating habits of their babies/ children during the pandemic. The parents with a reduced income reported a significantly greater reduction in oral hygiene habits.

Conclusions
During the early and intermediate stages of the pandemic, when stay-at-home orders were suggested, parents of children aged 0-6 were afraid to take their children to medical and dental appointments. Besides that, these caregivers also claimed that their family routines of food and oral hygiene were altered.
The Influence of Incentive-Based Mobile Fitness Apps on Users’ Continuance Intention With Gender Moderation Effects: Quantitative and Qualitative Study
Authors: Faizah Aaya , Hardian Alifah Fatimah Azzahra , Nandini Rania Devina , Handayani Putu Wuri , Harahap Nabila Cyldea 
Published: April 2024

Background
A survey conducted by McKinsey & Company reported that, as of May 2022, as many as 26% of Indonesians had recently started to engage actively in physical activity, 32% undertook regular physical activity, and 9% exercised intensely. The Fourth Industrial Revolution has spurred the rapid development of mobile fitness apps (MFAs) used to track people’s sports activities. However, public interest in using these apps for any length of time is still relatively low.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of incentives (eg, self-monitoring, social support, platform rewards, and external influence) on the use of MFAs and the moderating effect of gender on users’ continuance usage intention.

Methods
The study used a mixed methods approach. Quantitative data were collected through a web-based questionnaire and qualitative data from interviews with 30 respondents. The quantitative data, collected from 379 valid responses, were processed using covariance-based structural equation modeling. The qualitative data were processed using thematic analysis. The MFAs included in this research were those used as sports or physical activity trackers, such as Apple Fitness, Strava, Nike Run Club, and Fita.

Results
The results of the data analysis show that 3 groups of incentives, namely, self-monitoring, platform rewards, and external influence (with the exception of social support), affect the perceived usefulness of these apps. Gender was also shown to moderate user behavior in relation to physical activity. The study showed that women were more likely to be motivated to exercise by social and external factors, while men paid greater attention to the tracking features of the app and to challenges and rewards.

Conclusions
This research contributes to the field of health promotion by providing guidance for MFA developers.
Home-Based Connected Devices Combined With Statistical Process Control for the Early Detection of Respiratory Exacerbations by Patients With Cystic Fibrosis: Pilot Interventional Study With a Pre-Post Design
Authors: Le Roux Enora , Ursino Moreno , Milovanovic Ivana , Picq Paul , Haignere Jeremie , Rault Gilles , Pougheon Bertrand Dominique , Alberti Corinne 
Published: April 2024

Background
Currently, patients with cystic fibrosis do not routinely monitor their respiratory function at home.

Objective
This study aims to assess the clinical validity of using different connected health devices at home to measure 5 physiological parameters to help prevent exacerbations on a personalized basis from the perspective of patient empowerment.

Methods
A multicenter interventional pilot study including 36 patients was conducted. Statistical process control—the cumulative sum control chart (CUSUM)—was used with connected health device measures with the objective of sending patients alerts at a relevant time in order to identify their individual risk of exacerbations. Associated patient education was delivered. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected.

Results
One-half (18/36) of the patients completed the protocol through the end of the study. During the 12-month intervention, 6162 measures were collected with connected health devices, 387 alerts were sent, and 33 exacerbations were reported. The precision of alerts to detect exacerbations was weak for all parameters, which may be partly related to the low compliance of patients with the measurements. However, a decrease in the median number of exacerbations from 12 months before the study to after the 12-month intervention was observed for patients.

Conclusions
The use of connected health devices associated with statistical process control showed that it was not acceptable for all patients, especially because of the burden related to measurements. However, the results suggest that it may be promising, after adaptations, for early identification and better management of exacerbations.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03304028; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03304028
Effects of Background Music on Attentional Networks of Children With and Without Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Case Control Experimental Study
Authors: Mendes Camila Guimarães , de Paula Jonas Jardim , Miranda Débora Marques 
Published: April 2024

Background
To sustain performance during a task that requires attention may be a challenge for children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which strongly influences motivation for tasks and has been connected to the level of arousal.

Objective
This study aimed to analyze the effect of musical stimulus on attentional performance in children with ADHD and typically developing children.

Methods
A total of 76 boys (34 with ADHD and 42 typically developing) performed the Attention Network Test (ANT) for children under 2 experimental conditions (with and without music). Four attentional measures were extracted from the ANT. We tested the effect of the experimental condition and its interaction with the group using repeated measures ANOVA.

Results
We found no significant main effects or interactions for the reaction times of the alerting, orienting, and conflict attentional networks of the ANT (all P>.05). Regarding ANT errors, we found a significant main effect for music, with a moderate effect size (F1,72=9.83; P=.03; ηp2=0.06) but the condition×group interaction was not significant (F1,72=1.79; P=.18). Participants made fewer errors when listening to music compared to the control condition.

Conclusions
Music seems not to interfere in the attentional network in children and adolescents. Perhaps background music affects motivation. Future studies will be needed to validate this.

Trial Registration
ReBEC.gov U1111-12589039; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-8s22sh8
Workload, Audit Quality, and the Attractiveness of the Audit Profession to Early and Midcareer Accountants: The Effects of Organizational Commitment
Authors: de Vries Marlies , Speklé Roland F. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
A characteristic feature of public accounting is the high workload in busy season. This feature is generally seen as problematic, for it is held to negatively affect both audit quality and the attractiveness of the profession. We argue, however, that these effects are not universal but depend on organizational commitment. We also argue that perceived audit quality is related to one’s interest in the profession. Based on survey data from 366 early and midcareer auditors, we find that if respondents believe audit quality to be lower, they report more negative feelings toward the attractiveness of a continued career in auditing. We also find that auditors’ affective commitment to their employing firm moderates the relationship between busy season workload and perceived audit quality and the loss of appeal of the profession, underscoring the need to take the organizational context into account in the workload debate.
Data Availability: The data are owned by the Nederlandse Beroepsorganisatie van Accountants Young Profs. The AMOS code is available upon request from Roland F. Speklé.
Early Evidence on Critical Audit Matters regarding Environmental, Social, and Governance Sustainability: Trends in ESG Reporting
Authors: Abdel-Rahim Heba , Hollie Dana , Yu Shaokun 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
This study investigates the contents and trends of critical audit matters (CAMs) as they relate to ESG matters (ECAMs). Our examination of the description of ESG matters in ECAMs suggests that the majority of ECAMs fall under measurement issues from environmental liabilities and loss contingencies. To address ECAMs, auditing procedures must assess managerial assumptions by making frequent use of an environmental specialist. Our descriptive analysis suggests that firms that receive ECAMs are more profitable, more likely to have a Big 4 auditor, and have higher litigation risk. Our cross-country comparison suggests a similar trend between ECAMs and their equivalent reports in Europe, as both focus mainly on environmental matters rather than social or governance matters. Overall, our analysis suggests that the issuance of ECAMs represents an important source for discerning a portion of firms’ ESG standings.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: M4.
Penciclovir pharmacokinetics after oral and rectal administration of famciclovir in African elephants (Loxodonta africana) shows that effective concentrations can be achieved from rectal administration, despite lower absorption
Authors: Griffioen John A. , Fayette Melissa A. , Proudfoot Jeffry S. , Howard Lauren L. , Papich Mark G. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of famciclovir and its metabolite penciclovir following a single dose administered orally and rectally in African elephants (Loxodonta africana).

ANIMALS
15 African elephants (6 males and 9 females) of various ages.

METHODS
Famciclovir (15 mg/kg) was administered orally or per rectum once, with at least a three-week washout period between administrations. Blood was collected at 13 different timepoints per administration for 6 elephants, occurring between February and March 2020. An additional 9 elephants were sampled at variable timepoints per administration utilizing a sparse sampling design between July 2020 and January 2021. Plasma famciclovir and penciclovir levels were measured via HPLC and fluorescence detection. Pharmacokinetic analysis was completed in the summer of 2021 using noncompartmental analysis and nonlinear mixed-effects modeling.

RESULTS
Famciclovir was not detected in any sample, suggesting complete metabolism. Key pharmacokinetic parameters for penciclovir following oral administration were time to maximum concentration (tmax; 2.12 hours), area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC; 33.93 μg·h/mL), maximum observed concentration (Cmax; 3.73 μg/mL), and absorption half-life (t1/2; 0.65 hours). Following rectal administration, the values were: tmax, 0.65 hours; AUC, 15.62 μg·h/mL; Cmax, 2.52 μg/mL; and absorption t1/2, 0.13 hours.

CONCLUSIONS
Famciclovir was rapidly metabolized to penciclovir. Oral administration resulted in slower absorption but higher maximum plasma concentration and higher AUC compared to rectal administration.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
African elephants administered famciclovir via oral and rectal routes resulted in measurable serum penciclovir, and these findings may be utilized by clinicians treating viral infections in this species.
High-Temperature Fatigue Testing of Turbine Blades
Authors: Kopec Mateusz , Kukla Dominik , Wyszkowski Mirosław , Kowalewski Zbigniew L. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This paper evaluates the efficacy of a patented grip for high-temperature fatigue testing by establishing the S-N curve for full-scale nickel-based turbine blades under simulated environmental conditions. Initially, a bending test assessed the stress-displacement characteristics of the component. This was followed by a series of fatigue tests at 950°C, using cyclic bending with force amplitudes from 5.2 kN to 6.6 kN and a constant frequency of 10 Hz. The setup, integrating the grip into a standard testing machine, proved effective for high-temperature tests and successfully determined the service life of full-scale components.
Some Comments Concerning the Preparation of and Fatigue Testing of the Aircraft’s Cable-Control System
Authors: Brzęczek Józef 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The currently accepted rules that are applied to the aircraft cable-control systems’ operational use are based on the reactive maintenance idea and the comparative tests, inspections, and diagnostics performed at the mandatory intervals. Fatigue tests of the aviation cables are commonly conducted by bending in the range of ± 90° with constant load. Aircraft cable-control systems are subject to a number of random loads and deformations. Additionally, forces and their values are modified by the wear and tear of cable-pulley raceways, elastic deformations, and changes caused by temperature. The actual values of tension of aviation cable-control systems are relatively low, and bending usually does not exceed the maximum of ± 35°. Moreover, the forces characteristic of the control cables are nonlinear functions of the control surface deflection. This means that the typical fatigue tests we employ help with only comparative estimations and acceptance tests. It is not possible to estimate the operational durability of the systems and forecast inspections and diagnoses intervals based on the mentioned results. The present article utilizes the operational profiles of selected aircraft categories to determine the stochastic load-related deflection spectra for the preparation of cable fatigue-testing programs. Operation profiles are built considering a group of aircraft belonging to the same category, performing similar missions, for example, training missions, photogrammetric missions, aircraft towing, e.q., and having a similar share in the total resource. The special stands for the selected cable fatigue tests have been proposed. The cable test stand ensures the real stochastic loads for the cable use and other actual conditions of load. The proposed stand enables the simultaneous testing of more than one cable at different deformation parameters, for example, wrap angles. The results of the proposed method and tests can be used to estimate the operational durability of aviation-control systems as well as for inspection and diagnosis intervals as well.
French Phenomenology of Art and Metaphysics
Authors: Bobant Charles 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article examines the relationship between French phenomenology of art and metaphysics. More specifically, it highlights four points. Firstly, French phenomenological aesthetics is characterized by a certain ignorance of the renewal of artistic questioning initiated by Anglo-Saxon aesthetics. Secondly, French phenomenology of art is a metaphysics of art, which considers that works of art contain an ontological (cosmophanic or theophanic) revelation. Thirdly, French phenomenology of art is part of the “theological turn of French phenomenology”. Authors tend towards theology or “cosmotheology”. Fourthly, French phenomenology of art, which is a metaphysics of the sensible, possesses the theoretical means to think philosophically about conceptual art.
La phénoménologie française ou résistances de la métaphysique
Authors: Riquier Camille 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Starting again from Descartes' philosophy, our intention in this article is not to leave phenomenology, but to return to it in order to shed new light on how it encounters metaphysics and revives it. It is a question of inscribing French phenomenology in another history of metaphysics, one that is underground and unofficial and which lives, in truth, from that very thing that completes the other or which the other completes. Initially, we will focus on Jean-Luc Marion's reading of Descartes from the paradigm offered by Heidegger. Secondly, we would like to replay the confrontation between Descartes and Pascal. Only in the third stage, then, will we be able to return to how metaphysics, most often assumed as such from its Cartesian configuration, has worked under the surface of the phenomenology its French representatives received from Husserl and Heidegger. Levinas can often serve as an exemplary figure.
First report of a case of negative-pressure pulmonary edema during pregnancy
Authors: Rahimirad Mohammad Hossein , Naghipour Bahman , Rahimirad Shaghayegh , Ghaffary Mohammad Reza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Negative-pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) or postobstructive pulmonary edema (POPE) is a rare but life-threatening complication in the perioperative and critical care settings. In this study, we present the first case of NPPE in a pregnant woman.

Case presentation
A 39-year-old 31-week pregnant woman underwent transurethral lithotripsy. She had respiratory distress about 10 minutes after extubation. Chest imaging confirmed pulmonary edema. The patient was managed in the intensive care unit (ICU) with intravenous furosemide supplemental oxygen. Evaluations showed no heart failure, but laboratory tests confirmed the presence of primary hyperparathyroidism. She was discharged on 5th day without complication.

Conclusion
In this study, we reported the first case of NPPE in a pregnant woman. NPPE should be considered in differential diagnosis of respiratory distress during pregnancy.
Combination with reserved prognosis: TB- rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Roșu Simona , Tiba Diana-Sabina , Ichim Alexandru , Bălteanu Mara 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
As shown in a Spanish study, patients with rheumatoid arthritis (PAR) have a 4-fold increased risk of developing TB (tuberculosis) compared to the general population. Abruptly stopping anti-TNF (tumor necrosis factor α) agents after the development of TB could cause a paradoxical response leading to severe complications and death. We present the case of a 54 years old female patient with seropositive PAR since 2012 in treatment with biological therapy, which was diagnosed 10 years after the start of immunosuppressive treatment with miliary TB. She has had an unfavorable prognosis, dying after one month from the initiation of antituberculosis treatment due to septic shock. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the bacillary status before initiating any immunosuppressive treatment.
Proton Pump Inhibitors: Promising Role in the Prophylaxis and Symptom Control of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Khan Iqbal Akhtar 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the third leading cause of death worldwide and the fifth-ranked cause of chronic disability is usually associated with significant concomitant chronic diseases, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) being the commonest. Exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are episodes of worsening of symptoms, the frequency of which increases with the severity of COPD. AECOPD is triggered mainly by respiratory infections, bacterial or viral or both. Human rhinoviruses (HRV) are the top viral pathogen in triggering AECOPD, and experimental infection has provided significant new evidence in establishing a causal relationship between virus infections and AECOPD.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPI), the most potent acid suppressants, are commonly prescribed for isolated GERD or GERD complicating COPD. There has been a breakthrough in Pulmonary Medicine in that PPI, in addition to their well proven role in acid suppression, has emerged as a promising interventional tool in the prophylaxis and symptom control of AECOPD. This efficacy is not limited to patients with COPD complicated by GERD, since PPI also independently and significantly reduced the risk of developing frequent AECOPD in those with COPD alone, delaying disease progression and improving clinical outcomes.
Although the studies conducted so far regarding effectiveness of PPI had promising results, current evidence is insufficient to determine to what extent their long-term use is safe. Large scale multi-center studies are warranted to assess their long-term safety profile and clinical outcomes.
The objective of this study is to identify a possible role of PPI in prophylaxis and symptom control of AECOPD.
Quality of Life in Type 1 Diabetes Children with Other Autoimmune Diseases
Authors: Luganceva Anastasija , Rozentāle Laura , Rumba-Rozenfelde Ingrīda 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the quality of life and glycaemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and associated autoimmune diseases with T1D only, using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scale. The study examined differences in health-related quality of life assessments and glycaemic control between children with T1D and associated autoimmune diseases and T1D only. In total, 94 children, aged 2 to 17 years, and their parents participated in the study. The results of the study showed a statistically significantly lower total score of general well-being for children with T1D and associated autoimmune disease (p = 0.016). Children with T1D and associated autoimmune disease reported a lower physical function score (p = 0.034) and lower emotional function score (p = 0.038). Social and school function scores did not differ in those with and without T1D associated autoimmune disease. There were no statistically significant differences in haemoglobin A1c between children with T1D and autoimmune disease and T1D only.