bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ethmoid Adenocarcinoma—From Craniofacial to Endoscopic Resections
Authors: Nicolai Piero , Villaret Andrea Bolzoni , Bottazzoli Marco , Rossi Emanuela , Valsecchi Maria Grazia 
Published: April 2011

ObjectivesTo identify factors that influence hospitalization time, complications, and prognosis of patients with ethmoid adenocarcinoma treated with different surgical techniques.DesignSingle‐institution retrospective review.SettingAcademic tertiary care center.PatientsSixty‐seven patients with ethmoid adenocarcinoma treated from January 1985 to August 2009 were retrospectively evaluated. Surgical treatment included endoscopic resection (n = 12), endoscopic resection with transnasal craniectomy (n = 17), cranioendoscopic resection (n = 9), external approaches limited to the ethmoid (n = 11), and craniofacial resection (n = 18).Main Outcome MeasuresA Cox model was adopted to relate time to death to previous treatment, pT category, grade, and surgical technique. The impact of the same variables on hospitalization time and risk of complications was assessed by linear regression and logistic regression, respectively.ResultsThe risk of complications increased for pT4a‐b lesions (P =. 02) and craniofacial resection (P =. 01). Hospitalization time increased by 6.3 days for cranioendoscopic resection (P =. 03) and by 11.7 days for craniofacial resection (P <. 001). Three‐ and 5‐year overall survivals were 68.0% (standard error = 5.8%) and 48.4% (standard error = 6.9%). Three‐year survival was 76.62% and 51.81% for previously untreated and treated patients, respectively, and it was 92.98% and 33.33% in patients treated with endoscopic techniques and craniofacial resection, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that previous treatment (hazard ratio of death = 3.9, P =. 01) and craniofacial resection (HR = 5.16, P =. 05) were mainly associated with survival.ConclusionsEndoscopic techniques, in properly selected patients, were associated with a favorable oncologic outcome and a statistically significant reduction in both complication rate and hospitalization time. This study supports the role of endoscopic techniques in surgical treatment of ethmoid adenocarcinoma.
Histopathological Characteristics of Sulcus Vocalis
Authors: Sunter Ahmet Volkan , Yigit Ozgur , Huq Gulben Erdem , Alkan Zeynep , Kocak Ismail , Buyuk Yalcın 
Published: April 2011

ObjectiveTo describe the frequency of sulcus vocalis in a population and to establish its histopathological properties.Study DesignA cadaver study.SettingIstanbul Training and Research Hospital and Ministry of Justice National Forensic Institute.Subjects and MethodsOne hundred (21 women, 79 men) fresh cadaver larynges were examined. Two hundred vocal folds were coronally sectioned and examined by light microscopy. Sulcus types, depths, degree of fibrosis in Reinke space, basement membrane thickness, and perisulcus degeneration were determined.ResultsSulcus vocalis was found in 39 of 100 cases (39%), with a male preponderance of 41.8% compared with women at 28.6%. Twenty‐one (54%) cases had unilateral and 18 (46%) cases had bilateral sulcus. Among 200 vocal folds, 57 had sulcus (28%). A total of 21 sulcus cases were type 1 (37%), 18 were type 2 (31.5%), and the remaining 18 cases were type 3 (31.5%). Of the 39 (30.7%) sulcus cases, 12 were confirmed by histopathological examination, although they looked morphologically normal following macroscopic evaluation. Vocal ligament involvement was found in 14 cases with type 2 (78%) and in 15 cases with type 3 sulcus (83%).ConclusionSulcus vocalis is a common pathology in the population and can be observed at all ages. The accuracy of diagnosis seems to depend on the measurement of the sulcus depth and the histological characteristics. For this reason, tools and strategies should be established in living subjects for effective management of this challenging disorder.
Genetic predictors for stroke in children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Flanagan Jonathan M. , Frohlich Denise M. , Howard Thad A. , Schultz William H. , Driscoll Catherine , Nagasubramanian Ramamoorthy , Mortier Nicole A. , Kimble Amy C. , Aygun Banu , Adams Robert J. , Helms Ronald W. , Ware Russell E. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractStroke is a devastating complication of sickle cell anemia (SCA), affecting 5% to 10% of patients before adulthood. Several candidate genetic polymorphisms have been proposed to affect stroke risk, but few have been validated, mainly because previous studies were hampered by relatively small sample sizes and the absence of additional patient cohorts for validation testing. To verify the accuracy of proposed genetic modifiers influencing stroke risk in SCA, we performed genotyping for 38 published single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), as well as α-thalassemia, G6PD A− variant deficiency, and β-globin haplotype in 2 cohorts of children with well-defined stroke phenotypes (130 stroke, 103 nonstroke). Five polymorphisms had significant influence (P < .05): SNPs in the ANXA2, TGFBR3, and TEK genes were associated with increased stroke risk, whereas α-thalassemia and a SNP in the ADCY9 gene were linked with decreased stroke risk. Further investigation at these genetic regions may help define mutations that confer stroke risk or protection in children with SCA.
MiRPara: a SVM-based software tool for prediction of most probable microRNA coding regions in genome scale sequences
Authors: Wu Yonggan , Wei Bo , Liu Haizhou , Li Tianxian , Rayner Simon 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Background
MicroRNAs are a family of ~22 nt small RNAs that can regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Identification of these molecules and their targets can aid understanding of regulatory processes. Recently, HTS has become a common identification method but there are two major limitations associated with the technique. Firstly, the method has low efficiency, with typically less than 1 in 10,000 sequences representing miRNA reads and secondly the method preferentially targets highly expressed miRNAs. If sequences are available, computational methods can provide a screening step to investigate the value of an HTS study and aid interpretation of results. However, current methods can only predict miRNAs for short fragments and have usually been trained against small datasets which don't always reflect the diversity of these molecules.

Results
We have developed a software tool, miRPara, that predicts most probable mature miRNA coding regions from genome scale sequences in a species specific manner. We classified sequences from miRBase into animal, plant and overall categories and used a support vector machine to train three models based on an initial set of 77 parameters related to the physical properties of the pre-miRNA and its miRNAs. By applying parameter filtering we found a subset of ~25 parameters produced higher prediction ability compared to the full set. Our software achieves an accuracy of up to 80% against experimentally verified mature miRNAs, making it one of the most accurate methods available.

Conclusions
miRPara is an effective tool for locating miRNAs coding regions in genome sequences and can be used as a screening step prior to HTS experiments. It is available at http://www.whiov.ac.cn/bioinformatics/mirpara
Open and hidden agendas of "asymptomatic" patients who request check-up exams
Authors: Hunziker Sabina , Schläpfer Martin , Langewitz Wolf , Kaufmann Gilbert , Nüesch Reto , Battegay Edouard , Zimmerli Lukas U 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Background
Current guidelines for a check-up recommend routine screening not triggered by specific symptoms for some known risk factors and diseases in the general population. Patients' perceptions and expectations regarding a check-up exam may differ from these principles. However, quantitative and qualitative data about the discrepancy between patient- and provider expectations for this type of clinic consultation is lacking.

Methods
For a year, we prospectively enrolled 66 patients who explicitly requested a "check-up" at our medical outpatient division. All patients actively denied upon prompting having any symptoms or specific health concerns at the time they made their appointment. All consultations were videotaped and analysed for information about spontaneously mentioned symptoms and reasons for the clinic consultation ("open agendas") and for cues to hidden patient agendas using the Roter interaction analysis system (RIAS).

Results
All patients initially declared to be asymptomatic but this was ultimately the case in only 7 out of 66 patients. The remaining 59 patients spontaneously mentioned a mean of 4.2 ± 3.3 symptoms during their first consultation. In 23 patients a total of 31 hidden agendas were revealed. The primary categories for hidden agendas were health concerns, psychosocial concerns and the patient's concept of disease.

Conclusions
The majority of patients requesting a general check-up tend to be motivated by specific symptoms and health concerns and are not "asymptomatic" patients who primarily come for preventive issues. Furthermore, physicians must be alert for possible hidden agendas, as one in three patients have one or more hidden reasons for requesting a check-up.
Analysis of frailty and survival from late middle age in the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging
Authors: Shi Jing , Song Xiaowei , Yu Pulin , Tang Zhe , Mitnitski Arnold , Fang Xianghua , Rockwood Kenneth 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Background
Frailty in individuals can be operationalized as the accumulation of health deficits, for which several trends have been observed in Western countries. Less is known about deficit accumulation in China, the country with the world's largest number of older adults.

Methods
This study analyzed data from the Beijing Longitudinal Study of Aging, to evaluate the relationship between age and deficit accumulation in men and women and to evaluate the impact of frailty on mortality. Community dwelling people aged 55+ years at baseline (n = 3275) were followed every two to three years between 1992 and 2000, during which time 36% died. A Frailty Index was constructed using 35 deficits, drawn from a range of health problems, including symptoms, disabilities, disease, and psychological difficulties.

Results
Most deficits increased the eight-year risk of death and were more lethal in men than in women, although women had a higher mean level of frailty (Frailty Index = 0.11 ± 0.10 for men, 0.14 ± 0.12 for women). The Frailty Index increased exponentially with age, with a similar rate in men and women (0.038 vs. 0.039; r > 0.949, P < 0.01). A dose-response relationship was observed as frailty increased.

Conclusions
A Frailty Index employed in a Chinese sample, showed properties comparable with Western data, but deficit accumulation appeared to be more lethal than in the West.
Income level and regional policies, underlying factors associated with unwarranted variations in conservative breast cancer surgery in Spain
Authors: Ridao-López Manuel , García-Armesto Sandra , Abadía-Taira Begoña , Peiró-Moreno Salvador , Bernal-Delgado Enrique 
Published: April 2011

Abstract

Background
Geographical variations in medical practice are expected to be small when the evidence about the effectiveness and safety of a particular technology is abundant. This would be the case of the prescription of conservative surgery in breast cancer patients. In these cases, when variation is larger than expected by need, socioeconomic factors have been argued as an explanation. Objectives: Using an ecologic design, our study aims at describing the variability in the use of surgical conservative versus non-conservative treatment. Additionally, it seeks to establish whether the socioeconomic status of the healthcare area influences the use of one or the other technique.

Methods
81,868 mastectomies performed between 2002 and 2006 in 180 healthcare areas were studied. Standardized utilization rates of breast cancer conservative (CS) and non-conservative (NCS) procedures were estimated as well as the variation among areas, using small area statistics. Concentration curves and dominance tests were estimated to determine the impact of income and instruction levels in the healthcare area on surgery rates. Multilevel analyses were performed to determine the influence of regional policies.

Results
Variation in the use of CS was massive (4-fold factor between the highest and the lowest rate) and larger than in the case of NCS (2-fold), whichever the age group. Healthcare areas with higher economic and instruction levels showed highest rates of CS, regardless of the age group, while areas with lower economic and educational levels yielded higher rates of NCS interventions. Living in a particular Autonomous Community (AC), explained a substantial part of the CS residual variance (up to a 60.5% in women 50 to 70).

Conclusion
The place where a woman lives -income level and regional policies- explain the unexpectedly high variation found in utilization rates of conservative breast cancer surgery.
Activation of NAG-1 via JNK signaling revealed an isochaihulactone-triggered cell death in human LNCaP prostate cancer cells
Authors: Chiu Sheng-Chun , Wang Mei-Jen , Yang Hsueh-Hui , Chen Shee-Ping , Huang Sung-Ying , Chen Yi-Lin , Lin Shinn-Zong , Harn Horng-Jyh , Pang Cheng-Yoong 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundWe explored the mechanisms of cell death induced by isochaihulactone treatment in LNCaP cells.MethodsLNCaP cells were treated with isochaihulactone and growth inhibition was assessed. Cell cycle profiles after isochaihulactone treatment were determined by flow cytometry. Expression levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins, caspase 9, caspase 3, and PARP were determined after isochaihulactone treatment. Signaling pathway was verified by inhibitors pre-treatment. Expression levels of early growth response gene 1 (EGR-1) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene 1 (NAG-1) were determined to investigate their role in LNCaP cell death. NAG-1 expression was knocked down by si-NAG-1 siRNA transfection. Rate of cell death and proliferation were obtained by MTT assay.ResultsIsochaihulactone caused cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in LNCaP cells, which was correlated with an increase of p53 and p21 levels and downregulation of the checkpoint proteins cdc25c, cyclin B1, and cdc2. Bcl-2 phosphorylation and caspase activation were also observed. Isochaihulactone induced phosphorylation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), and JNK inhibitor partially reduced isochaihulactone-induced cell death. Isochaihulactone also induced the expressions of EGR-1 and NAG-1. Expression of NAG-1 was reduced by JNK inhibitor, and knocking down of NAG-1 inhibited isochaihulactone-induced cell death.ConclusionsIsochaihulactone apparently induces G2/M cell cycle arrest via downregulation of cyclin B1 and cdc2, and induces cellular death by upregulation of NAG-1 via JNK activation in LNCaP cells.
Antitumour effects of single or combined monoclonal antibodies directed against membrane antigens expressed by human B cells leukaemia
Authors: Loisel Séverine , André Pierre-Alain , Golay Josee , Buchegger Franz , Kadouche Jean , Cérutti Martine , Bologna Luca , Kosinski Marek , Viertl David , Delaloye Angelika Bischof , Berthou Christian , Mach Jean-Pierre , Boumsell Laurence 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe increasing availability of different monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) opens the way to more specific biologic therapy of cancer patients. However, despite the significant success of therapy in breast and ovarian carcinomas with anti-HER2 mAbs as well as in non-Hodkin B cell lymphomas with anti-CD20 mAbs, certain B cell malignancies such as B chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B-CLL) respond poorly to anti-CD20 mAb, due to the low surface expression of this molecule. Thus, new mAbs adapted to each types of tumour will help to develop personalised mAb treatment. To this aim, we analyse the biological and therapeutic properties of three mAbs directed against the CD5, CD71 or HLA-DR molecules highly expressed on B-CLL cells.ResultsThe three mAbs, after purification and radiolabelling demonstrated high and specific binding capacity to various human leukaemia target cells. Furtherin vitroanalysis showed that mAb anti-CD5 induced neither growth inhibition nor apoptosis, mAb anti-CD71 induced proliferation inhibition with no early sign of cell death and mAb anti-HLA-DR induced specific cell aggregation, but without evidence of apoptosis. All three mAbs induced various degrees of ADCC by NK cells, as well as phagocytosis by macrophages. Only the anti-HLA-DR mAb induced complement mediated lysis. Coincubation of different pairs of mAbs did not significantly modify the in vitro results. In contrast with these discrete and heterogeneousin vitroeffects,in vivothe three mAbs demonstrated marked anti-tumour efficacy and prolongation of mice survival in two models of SCID mice, grafted either intraperitoneally or intravenously with the CD5 transfected JOK1-5.3 cells. This cell line was derived from a human hairy cell leukaemia, a type of malignancy known to have very similar biological properties as the B-CLL, whose cells constitutively express CD5. Interestingly, the combined injection of anti-CD5 with anti-HLA-DR or with anti-CD71 led to longer mouse survival, as compared to single mAb injection, up to complete inhibition of tumour growth in 100% mice treated with both anti-HLA-DR and anti-CD5.ConclusionsAltogether these data suggest that the combined use of two mAbs, such as anti-HLA-DR and anti-CD5, may significantly enhance their therapeutic potential.
Giant Pediatric Aneurysm Treated with Ligation of the Middle Cerebral Artery with the Drake Tourniquet and Extracranial-Intracranial Bypass
Authors: Lansen Thomas A. , Kasoff Samuel S. , Arguelles Joseph H. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Saccular intracranial aneurysms occur infrequently in children, and the incidence of pediatric giant aneurysms is statistically in the same proportion as in adults. The management of these giant aneurysms can be treacherous. This paper presents a case of a 9-year-old boy with a giant aneurysm of the right middle cerebral artery that was successfully managed by ligation of the middle cerebral artery using a Drake tourniquet with the patient awake and by augmentation of the middle cerebral artery circulation with superficial temporal artery-middle cerebral artery anastomosis without excision of the lesion.
Treatment of Acute Traumatic Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion with Extracranial-to-Intracranial Arterial Bypass: Case Report
Authors: Andrews Brian T. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Ligation of the cervical internal carotid artery resulted in an acute neurological deficit in the dominant hemisphere of a 35-year-old man who suffered a penetrating injury to the neck. Regional cerebral hypoperfusion was suspected because the ischemic symptoms occurred while the patient was fully heparinized. Immediate institution of a barbiturate coma, volume expansion, and placement of a high-flow extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass graft led to rapid recovery of hemispheric function. High-flow extracranial-intracranial bypass grafts appear to be indicated for the treatment of symptomatic cerebral ischemia in selected cases of acute ligation or occlusion of the extracranial carotid artery.
Intramedullary Cavernous Angioma with Trigeminal Neuralgia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Saito Nobuhito , Yamakawa Kenta , Sasaki Tomio , Saito Isamu , Takakura Kintomo 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
A case of intramedullary cavernous angioma of the upper cervical spinal cord, initially associated with trigeminal neuralgia, is reported. Magnetic resonance imaging precisely depicted the entire extent of the lesion. The angioma was totally removed and the operation was successful in relieving the patient of neuralgia. The previously reported 23 cases of intramedullary cavernous angiomas are reviewed, and the clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of this rare condition are discussed.
Benign Osteoblastoma of the Parietal Bone: Case Report
Authors: Martin-Ferrer Secundino 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
A case of benign osteoblastoma of the parietal bone is presented. Attention is drawn first to the rarity of this tumor and second to the fact that the radiological and histopathological features of the tumor reported here lead us to suspect the presence of regressive features in its evolution.
Intracranial and Spinal Meningiomas in Patients with Breast Carcinoma: Case Reports
Authors: Knuckey Neville W. , Stoll Julius , Epstein Mel H. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Breast carcinoma has a high predisposition to metastasize to the brain parenchyma or spinal epidural space with development of progressive neurological symptoms and signs and frequently death of the patient. We report 8 patients with known breast cancer who developed neurological symptoms attributable to an intracranial meningioma and 1 patient who developed spinal cord dysfunction resulting from a thoracic meningioma. The removal of the meningiomas resulted in return of normal neurological function in all patients. At follow-up, all our patients are alive without evidence of meningioma or breast carcinoma recurrence, except 1 patient who died of a metastatic malignant melanoma. This clinical association requires repeated emphasis because of the potential benefit in management of patients with suspected metastatic disease. We have reviewed and summarized the reported literature and added our 8 cases. The mean age of presentation with a meningioma was 62 years and that for breast carcinoma was 59 years. The mean duration for the presentation before the second tumor was 6 years. Breast carcinoma was diagnosed first in 85% of cases. The clinical symptoms of the meningiomas were focal neurological signs in 50% of the patients, raised intracranial pressure in 40%, and a seizure in 10%
Aspergillus Disc Space Infection: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Morgenlander Joel C. , Rossitch Eugene , Rawlings Charles E. 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
Aspergillus disc space infection is an unusual complication of the immunocompromised state. Magnetic resonance imaging may aid the clinician in arriving at a prompt diagnosis of discitis in affected patients. We report a case of systemically acquired Aspergillus discitis at multiple levels diagnosed by plain x-ray films, bone scan, magnetic resonance imaging, and biopsy. We review the literature on this subject and suggest that aggressive diagnosis with early biopsy, treatment with systemic antifungal agents, and surgical debridement of the infected disc space yield the best outcome for these patients.