bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myotonia congenita in a large consanguineous Arab family: Insight into the clinical spectrum of carriers and double heterozygotes of a novel mutation in the chloride channel CLCN1 gene
Authors: Shalata Adel , Furman Haya , Adir Vardit , Adir Noam , Hujeirat Yasir , Shalev Stavit A. , Borochowitz Zvi U. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe aims of this study were to (1) characterize the clinical phenotype, (2) define the causative mutation, and (3) correlate the clinical phenotype with genotype in a large consanguineous Arab family with myotonia congenita. Twenty‐four family members from three generations were interviewed and examined. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples for sequencing the exons of the CLCN1 gene. Twelve individuals with myotonia congenita transmitted the condition in an autosomal dominant manner with incomplete penetrance. A novel missense mutation [568GG>TC (G190S)] was found in a dose‐dependent clinical phenotype. Although heterozygous individuals were asymptomatic or mildly affected, the homozygous individuals were severely affected. The mutation is a glycine‐to‐serine residue substitution in a well‐conserved motif in helix D of the CLC‐1 chloride channel in the skeletal muscle plasmalemma. A novel mutation, 568GG>TC (G190S) in the CLCN1 gene, is responsible for autosomal dominant myotonia congenita with a variable phenotypic spectrum. Muscle Nerve, 2009
The effect of Co(II)‐mediated catalytic chain transfer on the emulsion polymerization kinetics of methyl methacrylate
Authors: Smeets Niels M. B. , Heuts Johan P. A. , Meuldijk Jan , Cunningham Michael F. , Van Herk Alex M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe effect the catalytic chain transfer agent, bis[(difluoroboryl) dimethylglyoximato] cobalt(II) (COBF), on the course of the ab initio emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate, and the product properties in terms of the molecular weight distribution were investigated. The emulsion polymerization kinetics have been studied with varying surfactant, initiator, and COBF concentrations. The experimentally determined average number of radicals per particle strongly depends on the concentration of COBF and proves to be in good agreement with the results of model calculations. The apparent chain transfer constant, determined up to high conversion, is in excellent agreement with the predicted value based on a mathematical model based on COBF partitioning and the Mayo equation. The results of this work enhance the fundamental understanding of the influence a catalytic chain transfer agent has on the course of the emulsion polymerization and the control of the molecular weight distribution. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 5078–5089, 2009
Influence of the magnetic field configuration on the reactive sputter deposition of TiN
Authors: Boydens Francis , Mahieu Stijn , Haemers Jo , Depla Diederik 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA conventional 2 inch planar, circular magnetron has been designed allowing an in situ variation of the magnetic field configuration, i.e. the distance of the peripheral magnet ring and central magnet cylinder to the target could be varied independently from each other. The development of this kind of magnetron allows us to investigate the influence of the strength and shape of the magnetic field on the growth of TiN films. Such TiN films were deposited on grounded stainless steel substrates by sputtering a pure Ti target in a mixture of Ar and N2. The influence of the N2 flow and the magnetic field configuration on the crystallographic orientation of the deposited films has been investigated. At similar conditions, the influence of the magnetic field configuration and N2 flow on the discharge voltage, deposition rate and the ion flux towards the substrate has been investigated. No clear relationship between the ion‐to‐atom ratio and the crystallographic orientation has been observed.
Optical tuning of molecule‐induced magnetism at non‐magnetic semiconductor nanoparticles
Authors: Kameyama Naoto , Suda Masayuki , Einaga Yasuaki 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe have demonstrated that it is possible to reversibly photo‐control the room temperature magnetism in a diluted magnetic semiconductor based on zinc oxide nanoparticles coated with azobenzene‐derivatized thiols (Azo‐ZnO NPs). These photochromic ligands provide a photo‐function and at the same time act as a trigger for the generation of ferromagnetism at ZnO–S interface. UV irradiation increases the saturated magnetization of the Azo‐ZnO NPs due to trans‐ to cis‐isomerization in azobenzene‐derivatized ligands, and following irradiation with visible light the magnetization is decreased due to inverse isomerization. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal that the photo‐induced magnetization changes are strongly related to photo‐induced changes in the chemical state of zinc atom in the ZnO. These photo‐magnetic effects can be attributed to photo‐induced changes in surface states of the ZnO due to photoisomerization in azobenzene ligands, which is accompanied by alterations in the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level of the ligand, since magnetic properties of ZnO depend on carrier concentration, which correlated with surface states of the ZnO.magnified image
Electrical transport properties of amorphous CNx/p‐Si heterostructures
Authors: Wang X. C. , Chen X. M. , Yang B. H. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe electrical transport properties of amorphous CNx/p‐Si heterostructures fabricated using reactive facing‐target sputtering were investigated systematically. The obvious rectifying effect is observed in the I–V curves for the heterostructures fabricated at the nitrogen partial pressure ($P_{{\rm N}_2 }$) of 20%, and the resistance of the heterostructures in both the forward and reverse voltage ranges increases with the decrease of the current and temperature. At low‐voltage range, the resistance satisfies the relation of ${\rm log}\,R \propto {\rm log}\,I$, and the slope of the ${\rm log}\,R \propto {\rm log}\,I$ plots increases with the decrease of temperature. The electrical transport characteristic of the heterostructures can be affected by the changes of the number and cluster size of sp2 C and the ratio of N–C(sp2)/N–C(sp3) by adjusting $P_{{\rm N}_2 }$ significantly, and the good rectifying effect of the heterostructures fabricated at a certain condition makes them useful in the field of electronic devices.
Strong influence of hierarchically structured diamond nanotopography on adhesion of human osteoblasts and mesenchymal cells
Authors: Broz A. , Baresova V. , Kromka A. , Rezek B. , Kalbacova M. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe investigate the influence of different roughnesses (20, 270, and 500 nm) of silicone substrates hermetically coated with the same nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films on adhesion (1 h) and viability (48 h) of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) and human osteoblasts (SAOS‐2). MSC adhere similarly on all NCD surfaces and control polystyrene (PS), however, their metabolic activity on NCD surfaces is increased. Osteoblasts adhere on NCD in significantly higher numbers than on PS and their adhesion is inversely proportional to increasing substrate roughness. Their metabolic activity is decreased on nano/microrough NCD surfaces in contrast to MSC. The data show that NCD is a suitable biomaterial and can control cell adhesion and growth.
p‐type diamond Schottky diodes fabricated by vacuum ultraviolet light/ozone surface oxidation: Comparison with diodes based on wet‐chemical oxidation
Authors: Garino Yiuri , Teraji Tokuyuki , Koizumi Satoshi , Koide Yasuo , Ito Toshimichi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe investigated the performance of Schottky diodes fabricated on diamond surface oxidized by two different techniques. A detailed comparison shows vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light technique has better performance than the standard wet chemical technique: ideality factor and Schottky barrier height are more reproducible and leakage current is lower, suggesting VUV light oxidation method improves the controllability and the homogeneity of the surface electronic properties.
A score test for assessing the cured proportion in the long‐term survivor mixture model
Authors: Zhao Yun , Lee Andy H. , Yau Kelvin K. W. , Burke Valerie , McLachlan Geoffrey J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe long‐term survivor mixture model is commonly applied to analyse survival data when some individuals may never experience the failure event of interest. A score test is presented to assess whether the cured proportion is significant to justify the long‐term survivor mixture model. Sampling distribution and power of the test statistic are evaluated by simulation studies. The results confirm that the proposed test statistic performs well in finite sample situations. The test procedure is illustrated using a breast cancer survival data set and the clustered multivariate failure times from a multi‐centre clinical trial of carcinoma. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ordinal response prediction using bootstrap aggregation, with application to a high‐throughput methylation data set
Authors: Archer K. J. , Mas V. R. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractMany investigators conducting translational research are performing high‐throughput genomic experiments and then developing multigenic classifiers using the resulting high‐dimensional data set. In a large number of applications, the class to be predicted may be inherently ordinal. Examples of ordinal outcomes include tumor‐node‐metastasis (TNM) stage (I, II, III, IV); drug toxicity evaluated as none, mild, moderate, or severe; and response to treatment classified as complete response, partial response, stable disease, or progressive disease. While one can apply nominal response classification methods to ordinal response data, in doing so some information is lost that may improve the predictive performance of the classifier. This study examined the effectiveness of alternative ordinal splitting functions combined with bootstrap aggregation for classifying an ordinal response. We demonstrate that the ordinal impurity and ordered twoing methods have desirable properties for classifying ordinal response data and both perform well in comparison to other previously described methods. Developing a multigenic classifier is a common goal for microarray studies, and therefore application of the ordinal ensemble methods is demonstrated on a high‐throughput methylation data set. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The impact of CEO core self‐evaluation on the firm's entrepreneurial orientation
Authors: Simsek Zeki , Heavey Ciaran , Veiga John (Jack) F. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAlthough much has been attributed to a CEO's personality, one particularly intriguing, and as yet unexplored, investigation is its impact on the firm's entrepreneurial orientation. Additionally, despite calls from the upper‐echelon literature, CEO personality research has been hobbled by the absence of a unifying construct that captures core dimensions of personality, and by the difficulty in obtaining such intimate assessments from executives. Building on recent advances in personality research, in particular the identification and validation of the core self‐evaluation construct that captures the core facets of an executive's sense of self‐potency, we develop and test a model of the impact of CEO core self‐evaluation on entrepreneurial orientation. Then, consistent with upper echelons and personality theory, we specify the contingent role of environmental dynamism. Using multisource data from a sample of CEOs and their top management teams from 129 firms, including a time‐lagged assessment of the firm's entrepreneurial orientation, we find evidence to suggest that CEOs whose personalities reflect higher core self‐evaluations have a stronger positive influence on their firms' entrepreneurial orientation. In addition, we find that this influence is particularly strong in firms facing dynamic environments, but negligible in stable environments. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Human Multipotent Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiate into Functional Brown Adipocytes
Authors: Elabd Christian , Chiellini Chiara , Carmona Mamen , Galitzky Jean , Cochet Olivia , Petersen Rasmus , Pénicaud Luc , Kristiansen Karsten , Bouloumié Anne , Casteilla Louis , Dani Christian , Ailhaud Gérard , Amri Ez-Zoubir 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
In contrast to the earlier contention, adult humans have been shown recently to possess active brown adipose tissue with a potential of being of metabolic significance. Up to now, brown fat precursor cells have not been available for human studies. We have shown previously that human multipotent adipose-derived stem (hMADS) cells exhibit a normal karyotype and high self-renewal ability; they are known to differentiate into cells that exhibit the key properties of human white adipocytes, that is, uncoupling protein two expression, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, lipolysis in response to β-agonists and atrial natriuretic peptide, and release of adiponectin and leptin. Herein, we show that, upon chronic exposure to a specific PPARγ but not to a PPARβ/δ or a PPARα agonist, hMADS cell-derived white adipocytes are able to switch to a brown phenotype by expressing both uncoupling protein one (UCP1) and CIDEA mRNA. This switch is accompanied by an increase in oxygen consumption and uncoupling. The expression of UCP1 protein is associated to stimulation of respiration by β-AR agonists, including β3-AR agonist. Thus, hMADS cells represent an invaluable cell model to screen for drugs stimulating the formation and/or the uncoupling capacity of human brown adipocytes that could help to dissipate excess caloric intake of individuals.
Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.
Influence of Element Substitution on the Cluster Arrangement in the Novel Structures Ca3Tl5, Sr3Tl5, and Sr3Sn5–xTlx (x = 1.8 and 2.2)
Authors: Kim Sung‐Jin , Fässler Thomas F. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe compounds Sr3Sn5–xTlx (x = 1.78(4), I; 2.16(5), II), Ca3Tl5 (III), and Sr3Tl5 (IV) have been obtained by direct fusion of the elements in sealed niobium ampoules at high temperature. Their structures were determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies and the bonding was investigated by TB–LMTO–ASA calculations. The ternary phases I and II crystallize in the Tm3Ga5 structure type; space group Pnma (No. 62); Z = 4 with a = 13.422(1), b = 10.897(1), c = 6.897(1) Å for I and a = 13.482(2), b = 10.938(2), c = 6.850(1) Å for II. The binary compounds III and IV crystallize in the Pu3Pd5 structure type; space group Cmcm (No. 63); Z = 4 with a = 10.231(2), b = 8.362(2), c = 10.623(2) Å for III and a = 10.592(5), b = 8.667(5), c = 10.973(6) Å for IV. Both structure types consist of zigzag chains of distorted square pyramidal {E5} (E = Tl, Sn/Tl) clusters. In the lower symmetric structures I/II the clusters are reoriented with respect to each other and have only two exo–contacts each, whereas in III/IV the clusters are aligned parallel and show a considerably higher degree of polymerization. The DOS for Sr3Sn5–xTlx calculated for x = 0 reveals a pseudo gap for x = 2 within the rigid band model, whereas the electronic band structure for Sr3Tl5 and Ca3Tl5 show metallic properties and strong participation of the cations in the bonding.
A New Main Group Metal Coordination Polymer: Synthesis, Structure, and Dielectric Constant Property of [Na(C6H4N5)(H2O)2]n
Authors: Fu Da‐Wei , Ge Jia‐Zhen , Zhang Yi , Ye Heng‐Yun 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe reaction of NaOH with 4‐(2H‐tetrazol‐5‐yl)pyridine affords the first tetrazole‐pyridine sodium coordination polymer with chain structure, [Na(C6H4N5)(H2O)2]n (1). The compound could be characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. The temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity remains unchanged almost within the measured temperature range of 80 K to 270 K at 1 <SC>MH</SC>z, and the frequency dependence of the permittivity showed rapidly drops from 31.5 to 4.3 within the measured frequency range of 200 to 1 MHz at room temperature.
The Outcome of the Axillofemoral Bypass: A Retrospective Analysis of 45 Patients
Authors: Liedenbaum Marjolein H. , Verdam Froukje J. , Spelt David , de Groot Hans G. W. , van der Waal Jan , van der Laan Lijckle 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPurposeThis study was designed to retrospectively analyze outcomes of axillofemoral bypass (AxFB) operations performed in patients with severe comorbidities.MethodsAll patients (n = 45) who received an AxFB between 1990 and 2005 for aortoiliac occlusive disease (AIOD, n = 35) or infectious aortic disease (IAD, n = 10) were included. Information on patency of the bypass and mortality was retrieved from patient records. A Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was performed to illustrate survival rates, limb salvage, and primary and secondary patency.ResultsIncluded patients had several comorbidities and a high operative risk. In this group, a 30‐day mortality rate of 20% was found: 17% for the AIOD group, and 30% for the IAD group. During 5‐year follow‐up 20 patients died, of which 15 during the first year after operation. Survival rates were at 64 and 41% at 1 and 5 years and limb salvage rates were 84% for both these years. Primary patency rates at 1 and 5 years were 72 and 58%, respectively, and secondary patency rates were 86% at both time points.ConclusionsHigh mortality rates were found in AIOD or IAD patients who received an AxFB. However, for high‐risk patients with an already reduced life expectancy, the AxFB remains an alternative with acceptable patency rates.
Insidious peripheral neuropathy occurring under treatment in infantile MTHFR deficiency
Authors: Chaabene‐Masmoudi A. , Mesrati F. , Zittoun J. , Landrieu P. 
Published: August 2009

Summary5,10‐Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency was diagnosed in a 1‐month‐old baby with signs of cerebral distress. Under a classic treatment using methionine supplementation, methyl donor (betaine) folinic acid, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12, the neuromotor development was satisfactory. At 15 years of age, however, despite no clear modification of the biochemical markers in body fluids, she developed a clinically overt peripheral axonal neuropathy. Only partial clinical improvement was obtained after reinforcement of betaine doses. Surveillance of the peripheral nerve is indicated in MTHFR deficiency, including in the infantile form with a good therapeutic compliance.
Fabrication of Anti-human Cardiac Troponin I Immunogold Nanorods for Sensing Acute Myocardial Damage
Authors: Guo ZR , Gu CR , Fan X , Bian ZP , Wu HF , Yang D , Gu N , Zhang JN 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
A facile, rapid, solution-phase method of detecting human cardiac troponin I for sensing myocardial damage has been described using gold nanorods-based biosensors. The sensing is demonstrated by the distinct change of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance wavelength of the gold nanorods to specific antibody–antigen binding events. For a higher sensitivity, the aspect ratio of gold nanorods is increased up to ca 5.5 by simply adding small amount of HCl in seed-mediated growth solution. Experimental results show that the detecting limit of the present method is 10 ng/mL. Contrast tests reveal that these gold nanorods-based plasmonic biosensors hold much higher sensitivity than that of conventionally spherical gold nanoparticles.
Brief Report: Excessive alcohol use negatively affects the course of adolescent depression: One year naturalistic follow‐up study
Authors: Meririnne Esa , Kiviruusu Olli , Karlsson Linnea , Pelkonen Mirjami , Ruuttu Titta , Tuisku Virpi , Marttunen Mauri 
Published: August 2009

ABSTRACTThe impact of alcohol use on the course of adolescent depression over one‐year was investigated by following 197 consecutive adolescent outpatients with unipolar depression in a naturalistic treatment setting. Their baseline alcohol consumption was categorized in three groups: excessive use (defined as weekly drunkenness), regular use (monthly use, not weekly drunkenness), and no/occasional use (abstinence/less than monthly use). During the monthly BDI follow‐up, the excessive users achieved remission less frequently, and after one year, had poorer psychosocial functioning than the no/occasional users. In conclusion, excessive alcohol use negatively affects the course of adolescent depression and psychosocial functioning. Weekly drunkenness seems to be of predictive value and this can be examined with a few simple questions. Means of reducing alcohol consumption among depressed adolescents are worth further investigations.
Suicide trends diverge by method: Swiss suicide rates 1969–2005
Authors: Hepp U. , Ring M. , Frei A. , Rössler W. , Schnyder U. , Ajdacic-Gross V. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractWe examined the change in Swiss suicide rates since 1969, breaking down the rates according to the method used. The descriptive analyses of the main suicide methods are presented. The suicide rates reached a peak in the late 1970s/early 1980s and declined in more recent years. Firearm suicides and suicides by falls were the exception and sustained their upwards trend until the 1990s. Suicide by vehicle exhaust asphyxiation showed a rapid decline following the introduction of catalytic converters in motor vehicles. No substantial method substitution was observed. Suicide by poisoning declined in the 1990s but rose again following an increase in assisted suicide in somatically incurable patients. Suicide is too often regarded as a homogeneous phenomenon. With regard to the method they choose, suicide victims are a heterogeneous population and it is evident that different suicide methods are chosen by different people. A better understanding of the varying patterns of change over time in the different suicide methods used may lead to differentiated preventive strategies.
Study on the efficacy and tolerability of amisulpride in medical/surgical inpatients with delirium admitted to a general hospital
Authors: Pintor L. , Fuente E. , Bailles E. , Matrai S. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of amisulpride in medical inpatients who present with delirium.MethodOpen label prospective study with 7-day follow-up. Forty hospital inpatients with delirium were recruited, seven of whom died and two of whom refused medication. The average dose of amisulpride for delirium treatment was 200–300 mg/day. Daily assessments were performed with Delirium Rating Scale (DRS), Positive Subscale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS-P), Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), Neurological Subscale of the UKU side effect rating scale. Variance analysis was performed through repeated measurements, with the general linear model with paired comparisons and Bonferroni correction for each measured variable.ResultsPatients showed significant improvement on the DRS from the first day of treatment DRS = 17.55 until day 7 DRS = 7.26 (F = 92.485; p < 0.001), psychotic symptoms improved from first day PANSS-P = 18.26 to last day PANSS-P = 9.35 (F = 144.83; p < 0.001). Cognitive status showed a significant improvement from day 2 MMSE = 18.71 until day 7 MMSE = 24.06 (F = 96.56; p < 0.001), and the neurological subscale of the UKU side effect rating scale showed a significant improvement the last day with respect to baseline pretreatment level (F = 7.539; p = 0.01).ConclusionsThese results suggest a good response to amisulpride in the acute phase of delirium, although further randomized controlled studies must be performed.