bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimising Resource Use Through Low‐Precision Feature Selection: A Performance Analysis of Logarithmic Division and Stochastic Rounding
Authors: Suárez‐Marcote Samuel , Morán‐Fernández Laura , Bolón‐Canedo Verónica 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe growth in the number of wearable devices has increased the amount of data produced daily. Simultaneously, the limitations of such devices has also led to a growing interest in the implementation of machine learning algorithms with low‐precision computation. We propose green and efficient modifications of state‐of‐the‐art feature selection methods based on information theory and fixed‐point representation. We tested two potential improvements: stochastic rounding to prevent information loss, and logarithmic division to improve computational and energy efficiency. Experiments with several datasets showed comparable results to baseline methods, with minimal information loss in both feature selection and subsequent classification steps. Our low‐precision approach proved viable even for complex datasets like microarrays, making it suitable for energy‐efficient internet‐of‐things (IoT) devices. While further investigation into stochastic rounding did not yield significant improvements, the use of logarithmic division for probability approximation showed promising results without compromising classification performance. Our findings offer valuable insights into resource‐efficient feature selection that contribute to IoT device performance and sustainability.
Microlearning for Green Skills Development in Ghana: A Pathway to Sustainability and Just Transitions
Authors: Owusu‐Agyeman Yaw 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThere have been calls for society to embrace lower‐carbon production and consumption practices to address the growing environmental concerns, which include pollution, biodiversity loss, and environmental deterioration. This call is also linked to the achievement of the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) and the need for countries to create a society that seeks to preserve the health and well‐being of current and future generations. However, a global transition to a low‐carbon economy that is inclusive, equitable, and socially responsible can be achieved through the contributions of individuals who are equipped with green skills to support the SDGs. Using a qualitative research approach and qualitative content analysis (QCA), the current study examined how microlearning could serve as a strong instructional approach and tool to promote the development of green skills among individuals and the green skills ecosystem. The findings show that microlearning, which is characterised by technology‐mediated processes, multi‐facilitation approaches, and bite‐sized pieces of information, could be effectively and adequately used to support the development of green skills across businesses and substantially reduce pollution, biodiversity loss, and environmental deterioration. The study concludes by arguing that by leveraging the important features of microlearning, such as the brevity of learning experiences, clarity of content, easy accessibility to learning resources, and the ability of trainees to combine their work schedules with the training programme, many individuals will be equipped with green skills to contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.
Impact of Pre‐Infection COVID‐19 Vaccination on the Incidence and Severity of Long COVID: A Retrospective Case–Control Study
Authors: Barado Elena , Carlos Silvia , Moreno‐Galarraga Laura , Amer Fares , Escrivá Nicolás , Torres María Gabriela , Reina Gabriel , Fernandez‐Montero Alejandro 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTLong COVID is an emerging condition with an important impact on the quality of life of affected individuals. This study aims to analyse the association between complete vaccination prior to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and the subsequent development of long COVID, including its symptoms and their frequency through a retrospective case–control study. Cases included participants with long COVID, while controls were participants without long COVID but who had a SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Data were collected through a self‐reported survey. The study demonstrates a significant association between vaccination and a lower incidence of long COVID, adjusted for sex, age, university education, body mass index, physical activity, race, tobacco use, alcohol intake, adherence to Mediterranean diet, previous illness, flu vaccination, health care worker, high‐risk COVID worker and sleep hours and sedentarism (OR 0.49, CI 95% 0.28–0.87). Furthermore, there is a statistically significant association between vaccination and reduced symptoms such as anosmia, dysgeusia, myalgia or arthralgia, as well as a lower overall number, adjusted for the aforementioned variables. These findings suggest that the vaccine could be associated not only to a milder course of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection but also with an improvement in the state of long COVID and its symptoms.
Synthesis of superhydrophobic crack‐free monolithic silica aerogels via a vacuum freeze‐drying process
Authors: Ma Yu , Zhu Zhenting , Zhang Huangshuai , Kallel Mohamed , Yang Zihao , Ren Juanna , El‐Bahy Salah M. , Chen Zhe , El‐Bahy Zeinhom M. , Zhang Hang , Guo Zhanhu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractFreeze‐drying is a promising method for drying gels, but it is considered incapable of preparing bulk inorganic oxide aerogels. Herein, using tert‐butanol/water co‐solvent as the freeze‐drying solvent, large‐size crack‐free monolithic silica aerogels with different absolute ethyl alcohol to tetraethylorthosilicate molar ratios were successfully synthesized via a vacuum freeze‐drying process. Superhydrophobicity was then obtained through an efficient chemical vapor deposition hydrophobic modification process. As the molar ratio increased from 8 to 16, the density, linear shrinkage, specific surface area (SSA), and mechanical properties decreased, while the thermal conductivity decreased first and then increased. The freeze‐dried silica aerogels show the lowest density of 0.078 g/cm3, the lowest linear shrinkage of 4.6%, the highest SSA of 962 m2/g, the highest Young's modulus of 904.3 kPa, and a lowest thermal conductivity of 0.026 W/(m·K). Despite the formed fine ice crystals compressing the gel skeleton to some extent in the freeze‐drying process, the developed mesoporous skeleton structure is basically preserved, which ensures excellent thermal insulation and mechanical performance. This study demonstrates that high‐quality monolithic inorganic oxide aerogels can be effectively prepared by the freeze‐drying method, which provides them with another efficient drying method independent of supercritical fluid drying and ambient pressure drying methods.
Potential Role of High‐Intensity Interval Training‐Induced Increase in Humanin Levels for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Soltany Afsaneh , Daryanoosh Farhad , Gholampour Firouzeh , Sadat Hosseini Najmeh , Khoramipour Kayvan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the effect of 8 weeks of high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) on oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing on the role of the Humanin (HN). In this study, 28 male Wistar rats were assigned to one of four groups: healthy control (CO), diabetes control (T2D), exercise (EX), and diabetes + exercise (T2D + EX). After diabetes induction (2‐month high‐fat diet and injection of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin), the animals in the EX and T2D + EX groups underwent an 8‐week HIIT protocol (4–10, interval of 80%–100% of maximum speed). HOMA‐IR, fasting blood glucose, and HN levels were measured in the serum. The expression of HN, Bax, Bcl‐2, CAT, GPx, MDA, TNFα, and IL‐10 was measured in the soleus muscle. Our results showed that the serum level of HN and the muscle levels of IL‐10, SOD, CAT, and Bax were higher in the T2D + EX group than in the T2D group. However, the HOMA‐IR index and the muscle levels of MDA, TNFα, and Bcl‐2 were lower in the T2D + EX group than in the T2D group. Muscle levels of HN and GPx showed no significant difference between the T2D + EX and T2D groups. The result of Pearson analysis showed a significant correlation between HN and MDA, SOD, Bax and Bcl‐2. This study provides evidence that there is a correlation between serum Humanin levels and HIIT. HIIT benefits T2D rats by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Given Humanin's established involvement in inflammation and oxidative stress, it is possible that the benefits of HIIT on T2D rats are mediated by humanin.
Development and Evaluation of a Rapid Visualisation Detection Method for Ameson portunus Based on RPA‐LFD
Authors: Pang Yunfei , Song Jiaxue , Jiang Lirong , Lin Yiping , Xiu Yunji 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe Ameson portunus is a prevalent pathogen affecting Portunus trituberculatus, which can infect P. trituberculatus and cause albinism, seriously damaging its economic value. Therefore, there is a pressing need for an efficient detection platform to rapidly and sensitively identify A. portunus. In this study, we have developed a method known as recombinase polymerase amplification combined with lateral flow dipstick (RPA‐LFD) for the swift detection of A. portunus. Three sets of specific primer pairs and a probe were designed according to the spore wall protein (SWP) sequence of A. portunus, in which one of the primer pair (ApSWP‐F1/R1) showed the best amplification effects. The optimal reaction temperature was ultimately determined to be 39°C and the optimal reaction time was set at 10 min after careful optimisation of both variables. The sensitivity of the RPA‐LFD method was better than that of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with a limit of 1.71 × 10−4 ng/μL. This RPA‐LFD detection method has good specificity for the detection of A. portunus, and tests for other parasites such as Zschokkella ophiocephali, Myxobolus drjagini, Myxidium lieberkuhni and Pelteobagrus fulvidraeo are negative. The above results show that the RPA‐LFD detection method of A. portunus established in this study has strong specificity, high sensitivity, simple operation and visual results, which can be widely used for rapid detection on site.
Efficacy of Biliary Brush Cytology With Rapid On‐Site Cytological Evaluation for the Detection of Malignant Biliary Strictures
Authors: Shin Il Sang , Myeong Jun Ho , Moon Jong Ho , Lee Yun Nah , Park Jae Woo , Kim Hee Kyung , Yang Jae Kook , Lee Tae Hoon , Cho Young Deok , Park Sang‐Heum 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsBrush cytology is a widely used diagnostic method in conjunction with intraductal biopsies during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, but its diagnostic yield remains a limitation. This study evaluated the efficacy of biliary cytology using a newly developed brush device with rapid on‐site cytological evaluation (ROSE) for detecting malignant biliary strictures (MBSs).MethodsIn total, 58 patients with suspected intrinsic MBS identified by intraductal ultrasound were enrolled. After achieving tissue sampling with ROSE through a maximum of two brushing passes, a transpapillary forceps biopsy (TPB) was performed. The primary outcome was diagnostic accuracy, and the secondary outcomes were technical success, sampling adequacy, and procedure‐related adverse events.ResultsBiliary cytology with ROSE was technically successful in all patients (58/58), with a sampling adequacy of 96.6% (56/58). The technical success and sampling adequacy of TPB were 94.8% (55/58) and 91.4% (53/58), respectively. Brush cytology with ROSE and TPB yielded sensitivity rates of 91.8% and 85.7%, specificity rates of 88.9% for both, and accuracy rates of 88.9% for both. The receiver operating characteristic curve comparing the diagnostic accuracies of brush cytology with ROSE and TPB combined versus TPB alone showed a significantly higher value for the combined approach (0.93) than TPB alone (0.87) (p = 0.010).ConclusionBiliary brush cytology using a novel brush device with ROSE is effective and can be used complementarily to TPB in patients with suspected MBS.
Pregnant Women's Experiences With a Collaborative Midwife‐Dietitian Empowerment Programme to Improve Diet Quality
Authors: van Lonkhuijzen Renske M. , Prins Suzanne , van Loghem Fleur , de Vries Jeanne H. M. , Wagemakers Annemarie 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPregnancy is a crucial period prompting increased intentions for lifestyle changes. Suboptimal diet quality during pregnancy can cause adverse health outcomes for both mother and child. The Power 4 a Healthy Pregnancy (P4HP) programme aims to improve the diet quality of pregnant women through empowerment, by providing four additional consultations to discuss nutrition with a midwife and dietitian. This research aimed to study the experiences of pregnant women engaged in the P4HP programme.MethodsA qualitative study using in‐depth interviews was conducted. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling from women who completed the P4HP programme. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted using time‐lining as an explorative tool. Interview transcripts underwent thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's six‐phase process, combining inductive and deductive coding approaches.ResultsTwenty‐two interviews were conducted with women from eight midwifery practices. Four main themes emerged: (1) women report various dietary improvements, influenced by diverse factors, (2) most pregnant women evaluate the P4HP programme positively, (3) the dietitian plays a key role in empowering pregnant women towards healthy dietary intakes and (4) midwives support pregnant women in maintaining dietary improvements. Participants viewed the P4HP consultations favourably, which facilitated empowerment through personalized guidance, reassurance, and increased awareness and confidence levels. Motivated by their desire to ensure optimal nutrition for their babies, women made multiple improvements in their diet quality. While the guidance of the midwife served as a motivational factor to sustain these changes, it was the personalized nutritional guidance provided by the dietitian that women found instrumental in achieving actual dietary changes.ConclusionOur outcomes emphasize the importance of integrating dietitian consultations in standard antenatal care to promote enhancements in the diet quality of pregnant women.
Homeostasis of Calnexin Is Essential for the Growth, Virulence, and Hypovirus RNA Accumulation in the Chestnut Blight Fungus
Authors: Huang Tao , Ma Xiaoling , Zhao Ziqi , Qin Danna , Qin Weiye , Wang Jinzi , Chen Baoshan , He Xipu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCalnexin, a calcium‐binding protein, promotes correct protein folding and prevents incompletely folded glycopolypeptides from premature oxidation and degradation. Cryphonectria parasitica, an ascomycete fungus responsible for chestnut blight, poses a significant threat to the chestnut forest or orchards worldwide. Although various aspects of calnexin have been investigated, little is known about the impact of fungal viruses. CpCne was identified and characterized in this study, encoding the calnexin in C. parasitica. Strains with deletion or interference of the CpCne gene had a significant reduction in biomass and pathogenicity, and strains with overexpression of the CpCne gene had retarded growth and reduced pathogenicity. Transcriptome analysis showed that the △CpCne mutant had significant changes in the expression of genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall polysaccharide synthesis and degradation, indicating that CpCne may reduce virulence by affecting the cell wall. Additionally, the △CpCne mutant was sensitive to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, suggesting that CpCne plays an important role in maintaining ER homeostasis. Furthermore, CpCne was also involved in the interaction between C. parasitica and the CHV1‐EP713. Deletion or overexpression of the CpCne gene reduced viral RNA accumulation, and deletion of the CpCne gene altered the lipid and carboxylic acid metabolic pathways, thereby interfering with virus replication and assembly. Together, we demonstrated that the homeostasis of calnexin in C. parasitica (CpCne) is essential for hyphal growth and virulence, and revealed its role in viral replication and virulence.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi regulate the diversity–invasion resistance relationship by influencing the role of complementarity and selection effects
Authors: Wang Jiang , Shen Yi , Chen Yuqiu , Gao Song , Xue Wei , Chen Xu , Chen Tong , Li Junmin 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a crucial role in influencing plant community dynamics, yet their impact on the relationship between plant diversity and resistance, especially resistance to plant invasion, remains largely unclear.
We conducted an experiment using plant communities with varying species richness (one, three and six species) and subjected them to invasion by Solidago canadensis and AMF inoculation. We measured community resistance by comparing the biomass of invaded communities to uninvaded communities and investigated the effect of AMF inoculation on the diversity–resistance relationship.
Our results indicate that communities with higher plant species richness displayed greater resistance to invasion, and this effect was stronger in the presence of AMF than in its absence. AMF inoculation weakened the positive complementarity effect–resistance relationship (i.e. a decreasing species asynchrony) due to AMF‐induced alterations in community composition, but shifted the negative selection effect–resistance relationship to neutral (i.e. a negative‐to‐neutral sampling effect) due to the enhanced role of the dominant species Mosla scabra. Furthermore, the AMF‐induced changes in plant species resistance were positively correlated with their relative growth rate and specific root surface area.
These findings suggest that AMF inoculation alters the mechanisms underlying diversity–resistance relationships, with implications for how plant communities respond to disturbances such as invasion.
Toward a computational understanding of bribe‐taking behavior
Authors: Qiu Shiwei , Tang Yancheng , Yu Hongbo , Xie Hanbo , Dreher Jean‐Claude , Hu Yang , Zhou Xiaolin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUnderstanding how corrupt behavior occurs is a critical issue at the intersection of behavioral ethics, social psychology, and other related social sciences, laying the foundation for establishing effective anticorruption policies. Despite a substantial body of studies focused on bribe‐taking behavior—a typical form of corruption—and its modulators, its underlying psychological processes remain poorly understood. Drawing inspiration from recent literature on neuroeconomics and moral decision‐making, we argue that bribe‐taking decision‐making involves a value‐based computational process that can be characterized by a computational framework. We show how this framework advances our understanding of bribe‐taking decision‐making by (1) clarifying how the cost–benefit tradeoff determines the decision to accept or reject a bribe and its neural foundations, (2) improving the prediction of bribe‐taking behaviors across contexts and individuals, and (3) enhancing our comprehension of individual differences in bribe‐taking behaviors. Moreover, we delineate how this framework can benefit future research on bribery by examining the mechanisms through which various modulators impact the bribe‐taking behaviors or the computational processes underlying more intricate forms of corrupt behaviors. We also discussed its potential fusion with artificial intelligence techniques in offering insights for understanding cognitive processes underlying bribe‐taking behaviors and designing anticorruption strategies.
Extracellular ATP: an emerging multifaceted regulator of plant fitness
Authors: Yuan De Peng , Kim Daewon , Xuan Yuan Hu 
Published: February 2025

SummaryAdenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) is the energy currency of living organisms and the primary form of organic phosphate (Po) involved in cellular metabolism. In plants, some ATP is released into the extracellular matrix (ECM) in response to various stimuli, where it functions as extracellular ATP (eATP), a key signalling molecule. Recent advances have shed light on the mechanisms of eATP signalling in plants. This review consolidates these findings, beginning with the role of eATP in regulating plant growth, development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. It further summarizes the pathways of eATP accumulation and degradation in the ECM and introduces the cellular signalling pathways mediating eATP responses, as reported in key studies. Finally, perspectives on future research directions in this field are presented.
Histomorphological Changes in the Canine Epididymis During Downregulation and Recovery After Deslorelin Treatment
Authors: Greiner Henriette , Körber Hanna , Packeiser Eva‐Maria , Focks Ines , Aslan Selim , Ay Serhan , Findik Murat , Saral Gülşah , Akal Eser , Fontaine Christelle , Goericke‐Pesch Sandra 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSlow‐release GnRH agonist implants containing deslorelin (SRI) are registered for temporary suppression of male fertility. The effect of SRI treatment on canine testicular function is well characterised, although the effect of downregulation and subsequent recovery on epididymal function has not been studied yet. Therefore, twenty‐nine healthy male dogs were treated with a 4.7 mg SRI for five months. Subsequent to implant removal, groups of 4–5 dogs were surgically castrated either at implant removal (week 0) or 2, 4, 6, or 10 weeks later. Three subgroups were categorised according to pre‐surgical testosterone levels. Five healthy untreated dogs served as control. Epididymides were separated into head, body and tail. Epididymal duct diameter and epithelial height were measured using haematoxylin–eosin‐stained sections of each dog and part of epididymides. Besides, the presence of spermatozoa, the cilial height, the thickness of the muscle layers and the relative amount of connective tissue were semiquantitatively assessed. The downregulated epididymis was characterised by a reduced epithelial height and epididymal duct diameter, lower cilia and absence of sperm, but more connective tissue, supporting that epididymal function is significantly altered by SRI treatment. At recovery subsequent to implant removal, the histomorphology was comparable with untreated controls. The study indicates that recovery of the epididymal function, like spermatogenesis, depends on testicular testosterone production.
NK cell‐based immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Guo Pei , Zhong Liyuan , Wang Tao , Luo Weijia , Zhou Aiqiang , Cao Deliang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most challenging malignancies globally, characterized by significant heterogeneity, late‐stage diagnosis, and resistance to treatment. In recent years, the advent of immune‐checkpoint blockades (ICBs) and targeted immune cell therapies has marked a substantial advancement in HCC treatment. However, the clinical efficacy of these existing therapies is still limited, highlighting the urgent need for new breakthroughs. Natural killer (NK) cells, a subset of the innate lymphoid cell family, have shown unique advantages in the anti‐tumour response. With increasing evidence suggesting the crucial role of dysfunctional NK cells in the pathogenesis and progression of HCC, considerable efforts have been directed toward exploring NK cells as a potential therapeutic target for HCC. In this review, we will provide an overview of the role of NK cells in normal liver immunity and in HCC, followed by a detailed discussion of various NK cell‐based immunotherapies and their potential applications in HCC treatment.