bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autobiographical memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease: A comparison between the Levine and Kopelman interview methodologies
Authors: Barnabe Alexandra , Whitehead Victor , Pilon Randi , Arsenault‐Lapierre Geneviève , Chertkow Howard 
Published: April 2012

AbstractPrevious studies have produced inconsistent results concerning the two components of autobiographical memory—personal semantic memory and episodic memory. Results in subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia of Alzheimer's type (DAT) have varied concerning the existence of a temporal gradient in retrograde amnesia. These results have important theoretical implications regarding multiple trace theory versus standard consolidation models of long‐term memory (LTM). We investigated whether this variability arises from differences in the methods used in assessing autobiographical memory. We examined patterns of memory impairment in 20 healthy elderly controls, 20 MCI subjects, and 10 DAT subjects using the Autobiographical Memory Interview (AMI) of Kopelman and the Autobiographical Interview (AI) of Levine. Both the AMI and AI were modified to allow for the test scores to be derived from a single interview without fatiguing the subjects. On the AMI, DAT subjects were significantly impaired on both components of autobiographical memory—episodic memory and personal semantics—with episodic memory showing a significant though gentle temporal gradient sparing childhood memories. Using the AI test, subjects with DAT showed impaired recall of episodic details (but not personal semantics), again with a gentle temporal gradient. Differences between the two interview methods (fewer epochs in the AMI; fewer memories per epoch in the AI) were found to have a significant impact on the pattern of findings; fewer epochs in the AMI brought out the temporal gradient, and fewer memories per epoch (in the AI) diminished it. These data show the importance of technical details of the different tests in favouring one versus another LTM theory. The data are not purely compatible with either theory. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Eremosides A – C, New Iridoid Glucosides from Eremostachys loasifolia
Authors: Ali Bakhat , Mehmood Rashad , Mughal Uzma Rasheed , Malik Abdul , Safder Muhammad , Hussain Riaz , Imran Muhammad , Tareen Rasool Bakhsh 
Published: April 2012

AbstractEremosides A–C (1–3), three new iridoid glucosides, were isolated from the AcOEt‐soluble fraction of the EtOH extract of the whole plant of Eremostachys loasifolia, along with buddlejoside B (4), 10‐O‐benzoylcatalpol (5), and pakiside A (6) reported for the first time from this species. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data including 2D‐NMR, FAB‐MS, ESI‐MS, as well as by acid and basic hydrolyses.
Synthesis of 1,5‐Disubstituted 1H‐Tetrazole Derivatives via a Three‐Component Reaction of Carbodiimides, Isocyanides, and Trimethylsilyl Azide
Authors: Kazemizadeh Ali Reza , Hajaliakbari Nasrin , Hajian Roghayeh , Shajari Nahid , Ramazani Ali 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe three‐component reaction of isocyanides 1, carbodiimides 2, and trimethylsilyl azide (3) occurs at room temperature, and the produced 1,5‐disubstituted 1H‐tetrazole derivatives 4 are formed in 81–98% yields (Scheme 1, Table). The reaction proceeds smoothly and cleanly under mild conditions, and no side reactions are observed.
Nicotinium Dichromate (=3‐Carboxypyridinium Dichromate; NDC) as an Efficient Reagent for the Oxidative Deamination of Amines and Aminophosphonates
Authors: Sobhani Sara , Aryanejad Sima , Maleki Mahdi Faal 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA new method for the efficient synthesis of aldehydes, ketones, and oxophosphonates from various types of amines (primary and secondary) and aminophosphonates via oxidative deamination by nicotinium dichromate (=3‐carboxypyridinium dichromate; NDC) is described.
Alterations of negative regulators of cytokine signalling in immunodeficiency‐related non‐Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Capello Daniela , Gloghini Annunziata , Baldanzi Gianluca , Martini Maurizio , Deambrogi Clara , Lucioni Marco , Piranda Daniela , Famà Rosella , Graziani Andrea , Spina Michele , Tirelli Umberto , Paulli Marco , Larocca Luigi Maria , Gaidano Gianluca , Carbone Antonino , Sinigaglia Fabiola 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe investigated immunodeficiency‐related non‐Hodgkin lymphoma for the presence of molecular alterations affecting negative regulators of the Janus family protein tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription pathway. Protein tyrosine phosphatase, non‐receptor type 6/Src homology 2‐containing tyrosine phosphatase‐1 epigenetic silencing was recurrent in primary effusion lymphoma (100%), and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (63%), with a higher prevalence in the non‐germinal centre subtype, and was associated with the activation of the Janus family protein tyrosine kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway. Suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS)1 and SOCS3 epigenetic silencing were occasionally detected, whereas SOCS1 was frequently mutated in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and polymorphic post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders, possibly as a cause of aberrant somatic hypermutation. However, the mutation profile of the coding region of the gene was different from that expected from the aberrant somatic hypermutation process, suggesting that, at least in some cases, SOCS1 mutations may have been selected for their functional activity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tobacco use and cancer survival: A cohort study of 40,230 Swedish male construction workers with incident cancer
Authors: Nordenvall Caroline , Nilsson Per J. , Ye Weimin , Andersson Therese M.‐L. , Nyrén Olof 
Published: April 2012

AbstractOn theoretical grounds, nicotine has been implicated as a modifier of cancer progression. We investigated possible associations of smoking or use of Scandinavian moist snuff (snus) with survival after cancer among Swedish male construction workers. Snus use is associated with substantial exposure to nicotine but not to the combustion products in smoke. Among 336,381 workers with detailed information on tobacco use in 1971–1992, we observed 40,230 incident cancers. Complete follow‐up through 2007 was accomplished through linkage to population and health registers. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for death from any cause, cancer‐specific death and death from other causes were derived from Cox proportional hazards regression models adjusted for age at diagnosis, body mass index at study entry and period of diagnosis. Never users of any tobacco served as reference. Increased risks of cancer‐specific death were observed both among exclusive smokers (HRall cancer 1.15, 95% CI: 1.10–1.21) and never‐smoking snus users (1.15, 95% CI: 1.05–1.26). As regards deaths due to other causes, exclusive smokers had higher relative risks than exclusive snus users (p = 0.03). A history of tobacco use, even exclusive use of the seemingly benign snus, is associated with moderately increased cancer‐specific mortality. Although nicotine might play a role, the mechanisms warrant further investigation.
Genetically engineered oncolytic adenovirus induces autophagic cell death through an E2F1‐microRNA‐7‐epidermal growth factor receptor axis
Authors: Tazawa Hiroshi , Yano Shuya , Yoshida Ryosuke , Yamasaki Yasumoto , Sasaki Tsuyoshi , Hashimoto Yuuri , Kuroda Shinji , Ouchi Masaaki , Onishi Teppei , Uno Futoshi , Kagawa Shunsuke , Urata Yasuo , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAutophagy is known to have a cytoprotective role under various cellular stresses; however, it also results in robust cell death as an important safeguard mechanism that protects the organism against invading pathogens and unwanted cancer cells. Autophagy is regulated by cell signalling including microRNA (miRNA), a post‐transcriptional regulator of gene expression. Here, we show that genetically engineered telomerase‐specific oncolytic adenovirus induced miR‐7 expression, which is significantly associated with its cytopathic activity in human cancer cells. Virus‐mediated miR‐7 upregulation depended on enhanced expression of the E2F1 protein. Ectopic expression of miR‐7 suppressed cell viability and induced autophagy by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression. Our results suggest that oncolytic adenovirus induces autophagic cell death through an E2F1‐miR‐7‐EGFR pathway in human cancer cells, providing a novel insight into the molecular mechanism of an anticancer virotherapy.
Immunohistochemical distribution of c‐erbB‐2 in infiltrating and in situ breast cancer
Authors: Gusterson B.A. , Machin L.G. , Gullick W.J. , Gibbs N.M. , Powles T.J. , Price P. , McKinna A. , Harrison S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAn immunohistochemical study of c‐erbB‐2 expression was performed on invasive and in situ breast cancer. Strong membrane staining was seen in 16% of the infiltrating ductal carcinomas and 44% of the in situ lesions. c‐erbB‐2 was over‐expressed in ductal rather than lobular tumours. Our results indicate that a small sub‐group of breast carcinomas are associated with over‐expression of this oncogene which may define an important subgroup of in situ and infiltrating ductal carcinomas.
Changes in in vitro growth behaviour of the mammary epithelial cell line NMuMG caused by the v‐fos oncogene
Authors: Bradbury Jane M. , Edwards Paul A.W. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA defective retrovirus was constructed to investigate the effect of the expression of the v‐fos oncogene from FBJ‐MSV on the in vitro growth properties of the mammary epithelial cell line NMuMG. Clearly visible areas of overgrowth in monolayer cultures of NMuMG were seen in cells infected with the v‐fos‐containing retrovirus but not in cells infected with control virus which did not contain an oncogene. Two cell lines, representing two morphological types of infected cell, were isolated from a morphologically altered region and further characterized. Fos.3.1.NMuMG grew as very spindly cells, achieving a higher density than control cells in 5% foetal calf serum (FCS) but growing very poorly in 1% FCS or in soft agar. Fos.3.3.NMuMG grew to a high density in 5% FCS and to a limited extent in low serum. This cell line also grew in soft agar. Fos.3.3.NMuMG seemed to be more transformed than fos.3.1.NMuMG using the criteria of growth in soft agar and low serum. All the cells used in this study were shown to retain epithelial characteristics by staining for cytokeratins and to contain at least one viral genome by Southern blotting. fos mRNA expression was raised over control levels in the two transformed cell lines.
Poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid) gel induces articular cartilage regenerationin vivo: Comparisons of the induction ability between single‐ and double‐network gels
Authors: Ogawa Munehiro , Kitamura Nobuto , Kurokawa Takayuki , Arakaki Kazunobu , Tanaka Yasuhito , Gong Jian Ping , Yasuda Kazunori 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine thein vivocartilage induction effect of the poly(2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropanesulfonic acid) (PAMPS) single‐network (SN) gel and poly(N,N′‐dimethyl acrylamide) (PDMAAm) SN gel in comparison with that of the PAMPS/PDMAAm double‐network (DN) gel. An osteochondral defect created in rabbit trochlea was treated with PAMPS/PDMAAm DN, PAMPS SN, or PDMAAm SN gel implantation or left untreated. The gel was implanted into the defect so that a 2‐mm depth remained. The defects were examined by histologic and immunohistochemical evaluations, surface assessment using confocal laser scanning microscopy, and real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis at 4 weeks. Samples were quantitatively evaluated with a scoring system reported by Wayne et al. The PAMPS/PDMAAm DN gel‐implanted defect was filled with the hyaline‐like cartilage tissue. The PAMPS SN gel‐implanted defect was filled inhomogenously with hyaline/fibrocartilage tissue. The histology score of the defect treated with PAMPS/PDMAAm DN gel was significantly higher than those treated with PAMPS and PDMAAm SN gels, and the untreated defect (p= 0.0408,p< 0.0001, andp< 0.0001, respectively) and the scores of the defect treated with PAMPS SN gel were significantly higher than those treated with PDMAAm SN gel and the untreated defect (p= 0.0026 andp= 0.0026, respectively). These results suggested that the PAMPS SN gel has an ability that can induce hyaline cartilage regenerationin vivo, but that the PDMAAm SN gel does not. The current study indicates that the chondrogenic potential of a negatively charged PAMPS gel component plays an important role in the cartilage regeneration ability of the PAMPS/PDMAAm DN gelin vivo. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 100A: 2244–2251, 2012.
Human ether à‐gogo K+ channel 1 (hEag1) regulates MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell migration through Orai1‐dependent calcium entry
Authors: Hammadi Mehdi , Chopin Valérie , Matifat Fabrice , Dhennin‐Duthille Isabelle , Chasseraud Maud , Sevestre Henri , Ouadid‐Ahidouch Halima 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBreast cancer (BC) has a poor prognosis due to its strong metastatic ability. Accumulating data present ether à go‐go (hEag1) K+ channels as relevant player in controlling cell cycle and proliferation of non‐invasive BC cells. However, the role of hEag1 in invasive BC cells migration is still unknown. In this study, we studied both the functional expression and the involvement in cell migration of hEag1 in the highly metastatic MDA‐MB‐231 human BC cells. We showed that hEag1 mRNA and proteins were expressed in human invasive ductal carcinoma tissues and BC cell lines. Functional activity of hEag1 channels in MDA‐MB‐231 cells was confirmed using astemizole, a hEag1 blocker, or siRNA. Blocking or silencing hEag1 depolarized the membrane potential and reduced both Ca2+ entry and MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration without affecting cell proliferation. Recent studies have reported that Ca2+ entry through Orai1 channels is required for MDA‐MB‐231 cell migration. Down‐regulation of hEag1 or Orai1 reduced Ca2+ influx and cell migration with similar efficiency. Interestingly, no additive effects on Ca2+ influx or cell migration were observed in cells co‐transfected with sihEag1 and siOrai1. Finally, both Orai1 and hEag1 are expressed in invasive breast adenocarcinoma tissues and invaded metastatic lymph node samples (LNM+). In conclusion, this study is the first to demonstrate that hEag1 channels are involved in the serum‐induced migration of BC cells by controlling the Ca2+ entry through Orai1 channels. hEag1 may therefore represent a potential target for the suppression of BC cell migration, and thus prevention of metastasis development. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3837–3846, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of testosterone on body fat composition
Authors: De Maddalena Chiara , Vodo Stella , Petroni Anna , Aloisi Anna Maria 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAn excessive food supply has resulted in an increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity, conditions accompanied by serious health problems. Several studies have confirmed the significant inverse correlation between testosterone and obesity. Indeed after decades of intense controversy, a consensus has emerged that androgens are important regulators of fat mass and distribution in mammals and that androgen status affects cellularity in vivo. The high correlation of testosterone levels with body composition and its contribution to the balance of lipid metabolism are also suggested by the fact that testosterone lowering is associated with important clinical disorders such as dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome and diabetes. In contrast, testosterone supplementation therapy in hypogonadic men has been shown to improve the lipid profile by lowering cholesterol, blood sugar and insulin resistance. Leptin, ghrelin and adiponectin are some of the substances related to feeding as well as androgen regulation. Thus, complex and delicate mechanisms appear to link androgens with various tissues (liver, adipose tissue, muscles, coronary arteries and heart) and the subtle alteration of some of these interactions might be the cause of correlated diseases. This review underlines some aspects regarding the high correlations between testosterone physiology and body fat composition. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3744–3748, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biofiltration of increasing concentration gasoline vapors with different ethanol proportions
Authors: Rizzolo Joana Antunez , Woiciechowski Adenise Lorenci , dos Santos Vanessa Cristina Castro , Soares Marlene , Páca Jan , Soccol Carlos Ricardo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Brazil is one of the largest exporters and producers of ethanol. The local commercialization of flex fuel cars (vehicles that can run with pure gasoline or pure ethanol or the mixed gasoline) increases annually. Biofiltration technology can treat ethanol and gasoline vapors, mineralizing contaminants. The aim of this research was to evaluate biofiltration technology treating ethanol‐gasoline vapor mixtures, considering different proportions of the two pollutants and of the mixture in increasing concentrations. Two bench scale biofilters (System 1 and System 2) were evaluated, each of 2.72 L. Packing material was a mixture of compost and granulated rubber tire at 2:1 (v/v). The gas flow rate was 450 mL min−1, resulting in an empty bed retention time of 6.04 min. Inlet pollutant concentration ranged from 1.3 and 59 g m−3 (System 1) and 1.25 g m−3 and 55 g m−3 (System 2). Gasoline/ethanol ratios applied were (%): 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80 and 100% of ethanol.RESULTS: Removal efficiency and elimination capacity increased with ethanol load augmentation. During the six phases of study the removal efficiency average remained above 70% and the maximum elimination capacity achieved was 587 g m−3 h−1 (biofilter system 1) with neat ethanol.CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that biofiltration is an excellent option for gasoline amended ethanol vapors treatment. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Combined processes of glycerol polymerization/carbonization/activation to produce efficient adsorbents for organic contaminants
Authors: Medeiros Miguel de Araujo , Cançado Thiago Moraes , Leite Carla Maria Macedo , Lago Rochel Montero 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Glycerol was used to produce efficient adsorbents with a high surface area for organic contaminants by a combined process based on polymerization, carbonization and activation.RESULTS: Glycerol and sulfuric acid catalyst at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 5 mol% were heated to 150 °C to form polyglycerol, which was then decomposed at 580 °C and activated with CO2 at 850 °C. The resulting activated carbons had a high specific area (1630 m2g−1) and high adsorption capacity of methylene blue used as a model organic contaminant. This process was also used to produce a special composite adsorbent based on expanded vermiculite (EV) coated with activated carbon. These composites were produced by impregnation of EV with glycerol followed by polymerization, thermal decomposition and activation with CO2 to produce up to 25 wt% carbon and a surface area of 835 m2g−1.CONCLUSIONS: The carbon layer present in the EV composite/activated carbon (GVE4CA2) produces a remarkable increase in the methylene blue adsorption capacity of the expanded vermiculite and strongly decreases undesirable water absorption. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
On the biodegradability of nitrophenols and their reaction products by catalytic hydrogenation*
Authors: Diaz Elena , Polo Alicia M. , Mohedano Angel F. , Casas Jose A. , Rodriguez Juan J. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBACKGROUND: Catalytic hydrogenation is gaining interest as an emerging technology for the detoxification of industrial effluents containing pollutants such as nitrophenols. This technique achieves high conversion levels under ambient‐like conditions of temperature and pressure, leading to less harmful products than the starting compounds.RESULTS: Complete conversion of 2‐nitrophenol, 4‐nitrophenol and 2,4‐dinitrophenol was achieved in short reaction times at 25 °C and 1 atm, using Pd/Al2O3 and Rh/Al2O3 catalysts. The rates of disappearance followed the sequence: 2,4‐dinitrophenol > 2‐nitrophenol > 4‐nitrophenol, the Pd catalyst being more active than the Rh one. The corresponding amino‐compounds were identified as the only reaction products. From a Microtox test the reaction products appeared more toxic than the starting compounds. Nevertheless, respirometric tests with conventional activated sludge yielded EC50 values for the aminophenols about double those of the nitrophenols. Biodegradability tests showed that the monoaminophenols can be degraded by non‐acclimated sludge, whereas no degradation was observed for the nitrophenols and 2‐amino‐4‐nitrophenol, the reaction product from 2,4‐dinitrophenol hydrogenation.CONCLUSION: Catalytic hydrogenation of wastewater containing nitrophenols gives rise to byproducts less toxic and more easily biodegradable by an activated sludge. Copyright © 2012 Society of Chemical Industry
Dialogue Police, Decision Making, and the Management of Public Order During Protest Crowd Events
Authors: Gorringe Hugo , Stott Clifford , Rosie Michael 
Published: April 2012

AbstractFollowing the major riots within England in August 2011, the efficacy of public order police decision making was brought into a sharp focus. None the less, the reform of this mode of policing within the UK was already underway with a strong emphasis upon policing through consent and the need to facilitate peaceful protest through dialogue and communication. This paper reports upon a critical ‘test case’ for this ‘new approach’ by analysing the policing of a series of protests against Government policy across 3 days that surrounded a Government party conference in Sheffield, a large city in the north of England. This paper draws out lessons to be learned from what proved to be a highly successful dialogue‐based approach to policing protests. We contend that dialogue and liaison were effective because they allowed for an ongoing dynamic risk assessment that improved command‐level decision making and enhanced police proportionality. The subsequent impact upon crowd dynamics allowed for an improved capacity for proactive public order management, encouraged ‘self‐regulation’ in the crowd, and avoided the unnecessary police use of force at moments of tension. The implications of the analysis for theory and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent using quantile regression
Authors: Tareghian Reza , Rasmussen Peter 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA number of recent studies have examined trends in sea ice cover using ordinary least squares regression. In this study, quantile regression is applied to analyse other aspects of the distribution of sea ice extent. More specifically, trends in the mean, maximum, and minimum sea ice extent in the Arctic and Antarctic are investigated. While there is a significant decreasing trend in mean Arctic sea ice extent of − 4.5% per decade from 1979 through 2010, the Antarctic results show a small positive trend of 2.3% per decade. In some cases such as the Antarctic minimum ice cover, selected quantile regressions yield slope estimates that differ from trends in the mean. It was also found that the variability in Antarctic sea ice extent is higher than that in the Arctic. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society