bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NFKB2 mediates colorectal cancer cell immune escape and metastasis in a STAT2/PD‐L1‐dependent manner
Authors: Zhang Jiwei , Ma Fen , Li Zhe , Li Yuan , Sun Xun , Song Mingxu , Yang Fan , Wu Enjiang , Wei Xiaohui , Wang Zhengtao , Yang Li 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study systematically analyzed the molecular mechanism and function of nuclear factor kappa B subunit 2 (NFKB2) in colorectal cancer (CRC) to investigate the potential of NFKB2 as a therapeutic target for CRC. Various experimental techniques, including RNA sequencing, proteome chip assays, and small molecule analysis, were used to obtain a deeper understanding of the regulation of NFKB2 in CRC. The results revealed that NFKB2 was upregulated in a significant proportion of patients with advanced hepatic metastasis of CRC. NFKB2 played an important role in promoting tumor growth through CD8+ T‐cell exhaustion. Moreover, NFKB2 directly interacted with signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2), leading to increased phosphorylation of STAT2 and the upregulation of programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1). Applying a small molecule inhibitor of NFKB2 (Rg5) led to a reduction in PD‐L1 expression and improved response to programmed death‐1 blockade‐based immunotherapy. In conclusion, the facilitated NFKB2‐STAT2/PD‐L1 axis may suppress immune surveillance in CRC and targeting NFKB2 may enhance the efficacy of immunotherapeutic strategies. Our results provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the contribution of NFKB2 in CRC immune escape.
All‐optical Tera Hertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer‐based Memory at a data rate of 300 Gbps
Authors: Maji Kajal , Mukherjee Kousik , Mandal Mrinal Kanti 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAll‐optical memory units play an important role in the operation of an optical computer. In these communications, we have designed all‐optical single‐bit memory unit or latch using Tera Hertz Optical Asymmetric Demultiplexer. The performance of single‐bit memory unit is evaluated and numerically simulated by MATLAB. We have numerically calculated the output extinction ratio (35.57 dB), contrast ratio (36.61 dB), and Q value (40.34) to analyze the memory or latch circuit. High values of extinction ratio, contrast ratio, and Q confirm the feasibility of the single‐bit memory unit.
Transversely isotropic effects on the coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical performance for layered saturated media
Authors: Zhao Yong Zhi , Shi Zhenming , Ai Zhi Yong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript, a novel transformed differential quadrature solution to the coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical (THM) problem of layered transversely isotropic (TI) saturated media is proposed, accompanied by a sensitivity analysis of pertinent parameters. Initially, the THM governing equations that encompass the transverse isotropy characteristics of thermal, permeable, and mechanical properties are introduced. Subsequently, utilizing the transformed differential quadrature method (TDQM), the discretized algebraic equations in the transformed domain are derived. Boundary conditions related to stresses, displacements, and temperatures are defined leveraging integral transform techniques and the stress‐strain relationship, while algebraic equations for continuity conditions across adjacent layers are incorporated. The global matrix equation is assembled and solved. After verifying the proposed TDQM solution, a sensitivity analysis on the complex transversely isotropic parameters is conducted to identify the principal factors influencing THM coupling behaviors, thereby simplifying the parameters for discussion in practical engineering applications.
Impact of molybdenum disulfide diffused coir fiber on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and vibrational characteristics of polyester composites
Authors: Pillai Unnikrishnan Thekkeparambil Gopalaswamy , Kavan Panneerselvam 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis research focuses on comparing the properties of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) diffused coir fiber polyester composites (MCF‐PCs) with neat coir fiber polyester composites (NCF‐PCs) and exploring its applications in various industrial sectors such as automotive, construction and manufacturing, where mechanical strength and fire resistance are critical factors. The study aims to investigate the physical, mechanical, thermal degradation, fire performance, and vibration properties of these composites. Compression molding was used to develop composites with different coir fiber loadings (10%, 20%, and 30% by weight). MoS2 nanoparticles diffused on the fiber surface significantly improved mechanical characteristics, thermal stability, and fiber‐matrix compatibility. The findings indicate better crystallinity and physical properties in MCF‐PCs compared to NCF‐PCs. Morphological observations confirmed improved fiber‐matrix compatibility in MoS2‐diffused fiber composites with polyester. The MCF‐PC with 20% loading exhibited the highest tensile (28 ± 1.24 MPa), flexural (50 ± 0.50 MPa), and impact (15 ± 1.01 kJ/m2) strength. The flame retardancy of the composites was evaluated using a horizontal combustion test apparatus. In addition, MCF‐PCs exhibited better flame retardancy as evidenced by lower flame propagation velocity (9 ± 0.20 mm/min) and increased ignition time (13 ± 0.29 Sec). The MCF‐PC with 20% loading shows maximum natural frequencies of 77 ± 4.1 Hz.Highlights
This study investigated MoS2‐diffused coir fiber‐reinforced polyester composites.
Fiber‐matrix adhesion can be improved with modified fiber‐reinforced composites.
The MoS2 diffusion on fibers improved the physical and mechanical properties of polyester composites.
The MoS2 diffusion on fibers enhanced the thermal and vibrational characteristics of polyester composites.
MoS2‐diffused natural fiber composites offer considerable research potential.
Longitudinal relations between bullying victimization and aggression: The multiple mediation effects of anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts
Authors: Quan Fangying , Huang Jianjian , Li Honghan , Zhu Wenfeng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBullying victimization is widely accepted to be associated with aggression. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unknown. To examine the long‐term impact of bullying victimization on aggression, the present study tested the potential mediating effects of both anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts. A total of 809 undergraduates from four universities across China (74.80% female; Mage = 19.63 years, SD = 0.82 years) completed the survey on three occasions, with a 6‐month delay between Time 1 and Time 2 and a 1‐year interval between Time 2 and Time 3. A cross‐lagged model of anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts was developed to test whether they predicted one another, and two structural models were constructed to test their mediating roles in bullying victimization and aggression. Findings indicated that anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts are mutually predictable; the correlation between bullying victimization and aggression is mediated independently by anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts, and the chain mediation of bullying victimization predicting aggression first through anger rumination and then through hostile automatic thinking was established. In addition, an alternative mediation model is also significant, with hostile automatic thoughts as the primary mediator and anger rumination as the secondary mediator. These results highlight the significance of anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts in the long‐term effects of bullying victimization on aggression. Interventions designed to reduce undergraduate students' anger rumination and hostile automatic thoughts may help reduce their aggression.
Genome‐wide characterization and expression analysis of GATA transcription factors under combination of light wavelengths and drought stress in potato
Authors: Aksoy Emre , Yavuz Caner , Yagiz Ayten Kübra , Unel Necdet Mehmet , Baloğlu Mehmet Cengiz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractGATA is one of the prominent transcription factor families conserved among many organisms in eukaryotes and has different biological roles in many pathways, particularly in light regulation in plants. Although GATA transcription factors (TFs) have been identified in different crop species, their roles in abiotic stress tolerance have not been studied in potato. In this study, we identified 32 GATA TFs in potato (Solanum tuberosum) by in silico analyses, and expression levels of selected six genes were investigated in drought‐tolerant (Sante) and sensitive (Agria) cultivars under light, drought, and combined (light + drought) stress conditions. According to the phylogenetic results, StGATA TFs were divided into four main groups (I, II, III, and IV) and different sub‐groups in I and II (eight and five, respectively). StGATA genes were uniformly localized to each chromosome with a conserved exon/intron structure. The presence of cis‐elements within the StGATA family further supported the possible involvement in abiotic stress tolerance and light response, tissue‐specific expression, and hormonal regulation. Additional PPI investigations showed that these networks, especially for Groups I, II, and IV, play a significant role in response to light and drought stress. Six StGATAs were chosen from these groups for expressional profiling, and their expression in both Sante and Agria was mainly downregulated under purple and red lights, drought, and combined stress (blue + drought and purple + drought). The interactomes of selected StGATAs, StGATA3, StGATA24, and StGATA29 were analyzed, and the accessions with GATA motifs were checked for expression. The results showed that the target proteins, cyclin‐P3‐1, SPX domain‐containing protein 1, mitochondrial calcium uniporter protein 2, mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinase YODA, and splicing factor 3 B subunit 4‐like, mainly play a role in phytochrome‐mediated stomatal patterning, development, and activity. Understanding the interactions between drought stress and the light response mechanisms in potato plants is essential. It will eventually be possible to enhance potato resilience to climate change by manipulating the TFs that play a role in these pathways.
Movement strategies during obstacle crossing in people with Parkinson disease: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Caparrós‐Manosalva Cristian , Espinoza Jessica , Caballero Paula M. , da Cunha Maira J. , Yang Feng , Galen Sujay , Pagnussat Aline S. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveNavigating obstacles involves adjusting walking patterns, particularly when stepping over them. This task may be particularly challenging for people with Parkinson disease (PD) for several reasons. This review aims to compare the spatiotemporal gait parameters of people with and without PD while stepping over obstacles.Literature SurveyA systematic literature search was conducted in six databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EBSCO, Embase, and SciELO) from inception to September 2023.MethodologyStudies were selected that evaluated gait parameters of people with and without PD while walking over obstacles. Two independent researchers evaluated the eligibility and extracted gait parameters during obstacle crossing. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2‐tests. Random effects models were determined for effect sizes as standardized mean differences (SMD).SynthesisTwenty‐five studies were included in the review and 17 in the meta‐analysis. Most of the studies (58%) showed a low risk of bias. People with PD exhibit a shorter step when landing after crossing an obstacle (SMD = −0.50 [−0.69 to −0.31]). Compared to people without PD, people with PD also widen their support base (SMD = 0.27 [0.07–0.47]) and reduce gait velocity (SMD = −0.60 [−0.80 to −0.39]) when crossing the obstacle.ConclusionsPeople with PD adopt a more conservative motor behavior during obstacle crossing than those without PD, with a shorter step length when landing after crossing an obstacle, greater step width and lower crossing speed.
Predictors of mortality and rehabilitation location in adults with prolonged coma following traumatic brain injury
Authors: Cassinat Joshua , Nygaard Joseph , Hoggard Collin , Hoffmann Michael 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, often resulting in prolonged coma and disordered consciousness. There are currently gaps in understanding the factors affecting rehabilitation location and outcome after TBI.ObjectiveTo identify the impact of demographics, comorbidities, and complications on discharge disposition in adults with prolonged coma following TBI.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary care hospitals and trauma centers in the United States.ParticipantsPatients 18 years of age or older with TBI and prolonged coma during the years 2008 to 2015.InterventionNot applicable.Main Outcome MeasuresDemographics, clinical injury data, comorbidities, and complications were collected, and odds ratios (ORs) and descriptive analysis were calculated for mortality, long‐term rehabilitation, and home discharge without services.ResultsA total of 6929 patients with TBI and prolonged coma were included in the final analysis; 3318 (47.9%) were discharged to rehabilitation facilities, 1859 (26.8%) died, and 1752 (25.3%) were discharged home. Older patients and those with higher injury severity scores had significantly higher ORs for mortality and rehab discharge. A total of 58.3% of patients presented with at least one comorbidity. Non‐White ethnicities and self‐pay/uninsured patients were significantly less likely to be discharged to a rehab facility. Furthermore, comorbidities including congestive heart failure (CHF) and diabetes were associated with a significantly increased OR for mortality and rehab discharge compared to home discharge without services.ConclusionsComorbidities, age, and injury severity were the most significant risk factors for increased mortality and acute rehab discharge. Maximizing the treatment of comorbidities including CHF and diabetes has the potential to decrease mortality and adverse outcomes following TBI with prolonged coma.
Clinical pharmacology and tolerability of REC‐994, a redox‐cycling nitroxide compound, in randomized phase 1 dose‐finding studies
Authors: Alfa Ron , Considine Timothy , Virani Shafique , Pfeiffer Matt , Donato Anthony , Dickerson Daniel , Shuster Diana , Ellis Joel , Rushton Kristen , Wei Helen , Gibson Christopher 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) has variable clinical symptoms, including potentially fatal hemorrhagic stroke. Treatment options are very limited, presenting a large unmet need. REC‐994 (also known as tempol), identified as a potential treatment through an unbiased drug discovery platform, is hypothesized to treat CCMs through a reduction in superoxide, a reactive oxygen species. We investigated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic profile of REC‐994 in healthy volunteers. Single‐ and multiple‐ascending dose (SAD and MAD, respectively) studies were conducted in adult volunteers (ages 18–55). SAD study participants received an oral dose of REC‐994 or placebo. MAD study participants were randomized 3:1 to oral doses of REC‐994 or matching placebo, once daily for 10 days. Thirty‐two healthy volunteers participated in the SAD study and 52 in the MAD study. Systemic exposure increased in proportion to REC‐994 dose after single doses of 50–800 mg and after 10 days of dosing over the 16‐fold dose range of 50–800 mg. Median Tmax and mean t1/2 were independent of dose in both studies, and the solution formulation was more rapidly absorbed. REC‐994 was well tolerated. Treatment‐emergent adverse effects across both studies were mild and transient and resolved by the end of the study. REC‐994 has a favorable safety profile and was well tolerated in single and multiple doses up to 800 mg with no dose‐limiting adverse effects identified. Data support conducting a phase 2 clinical trial in patients with symptomatic CCM.
Development of Antifungal Packaging From Low‐Density Polyethylene With Essential Oil of Oregano and Potassium Sorbate
Authors: Martínez‐Tenorio Yanela , Ramírez‐Corona Nelly , Jiménez‐Munguía María Teresa , López‐Malo Aurelio , Mani‐López Emma 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) films were developed by adding 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 2.5% and 5.0% (w/w) of Mexican oregano essential oil (OEO) or potassium sorbate (PS) as a positive antifungal control to inhibit the growth of Penicillium expansum, Penicillium citrinum and Aspergillus niger in vitro. Three methods of adding OEO in LDPE were evaluated; the best OEO yield in film was achieved when OEO was incorporated after laminating (88%); otherwise, when added into cool‐melting resin, OEO lost up to 91.5% from LDPE and completely volatilized (>99%) when combined with the resin before melting. PS yields in LDPE film were > 88% when incorporated into cool‐melted resin. Antimicrobial films with 2.5% or 5.0% (w/w) OEO or PS delayed the growth of P. expansum and P. citrinum for up to 4–5 days, and for A. niger, only films with 5.0% of OEO retarded its growth for 5 days. The modified Gompertz model was used to describe mould growth response, obtaining the parameters A (maximum growth), μm (maximum growth rate) and λ (lag phase), which correctly fit the data. P. citrinum was the most sensitive mould, and A. niger was the most resistant to the tested antimicrobials. The addition of antimicrobial agents significantly (p < 0.05) impacted the physical and mechanical properties of the LDPE films, wherein thickness and puncture strength were increased, and the colour changed (reducing the transparency and promoting the yellowness). In contrast, the water vapour transmission rate was dropped only by incorporating PS.
Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm after thoracic radiation therapy: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Maessen Gerdinique (G. C.) , Hoffman Thijs ( T. W.) , Graat‐Verboom Lidwien ( L.) , van Leersum Marc ( M.) , Mager Hans‐Jurgen ( J. J.) 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm (PAP) is a rare cause of hemoptysis. Potential causes include trauma, infection, or medical interventions. There is a risk of rupture, which is associated with a high mortality rate. We describe a 72‐year‐old patient, with a past medical history of a lung carcinoma for which she was treated with chemoradiotherapy 6 years prior, who presented with hemoptysis. She was hemodynamically stable and there were no other complaints. CT angiography of the thorax showed a PAP originating from a branch of the right pulmonary artery in the previously irradiated area. The patient was successfully treated by an embolization with plugs. Treatment of lung carcinoma with chemoradiotherapy can result in the development of a PAP. Clinicians should be aware of this complication, even years after the therapy. In literature, only a few cases of PAP in patients treated with (chemo)radiotherapy for lung cancer are described, with a maximum interval up to 7 years.
Achieving complete metabolic response in stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with chemotherapy, nivolumab, ipilimumab, and salvage SBRT: A case report
Authors: Gamez Casado Salvador , Benitez Fuentes Javier David , Álvarez Rodríguez Beatriz , García Ledo Gema 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOncogene‐negative, PDL1‐negative metastatic non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) presents significant treatment challenges due to its complexity and resistance to conventional therapies. The case report presented addresses a 55‐year‐old male patient with oncogene‐negative, PDL1‐negative stage IV lung adenocarcinoma, showcasing an exceptional complete metabolic response to a multimodality treatment combining double immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) and chemotherapy, followed by salvage stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). The patient underwent a treatment regimen incorporating two cycles of carboplatin, pemetrexed, nivolumab, and ipilimumab followed by nivolumab, and ipilimumab maintenance. After a partial response, SBRT was applied to persistent lesions, achieving a complete metabolic response. This case highlights the potential of combining dual ICI with chemotherapy and SBRT in treating oncogene‐negative, PDL1‐negative NSCLC underscoring the importance of multimodality treatment strategies.
Automatic pterygopalatine fossa segmentation and localisation based on DenseASPP
Authors: Wang Bing , Shi Weili 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundAllergic rhinitis constitutes a widespread health concern, with traditional treatments often proving to be painful and ineffective. Acupuncture targeting the pterygopalatine fossa proves effective but is complicated due to the intricate nearby anatomy.MethodsTo enhance the safety and precision in targeting the pterygopalatine fossa, we introduce a deep learning‐based model to refine the segmentation of the pterygopalatine fossa. Our model expands the U‐Net framework with DenseASPP and integrates an attention mechanism for enhanced precision in the localisation and segmentation of the pterygopalatine fossa.ResultsThe model achieves Dice Similarity Coefficient of 93.89% and 95% Hausdorff Distance of 2.53 mm with significant precision. Remarkably, it only uses 1.98 M parameters.ConclusionsOur deep learning approach yields significant advancements in localising and segmenting the pterygopalatine fossa, providing a reliable basis for guiding pterygopalatine fossa‐assisted punctures.
WELL: Applying bug detectors to bug localization via weakly supervised learning
Authors: Zhang Huangzhao , Li Zhuo , Li Jia , Jin Zhi , Li Ge 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBug localization, which is used to help programmers identify the location of bugs in source code, is an essential task in software development. Researchers have already made efforts to harness the powerful deep learning (DL) techniques to automate it. However, training bug localization model is usually challenging because it requires a large quantity of data labeled with the bug's exact location, which is difficult and time‐consuming to collect. By contrast, obtaining bug detection data with binary labels of whether there is a bug in the source code is much simpler. This paper proposes a WEakly supervised bug LocaLization (WELL) method, which only uses the bug detection data with binary labels to train a bug localization model. With CodeBERT finetuned on the buggy‐or‐not binary labeled data, WELL can address bug localization in a weakly supervised manner. The evaluations on three method‐level synthetic datasets and one file‐level real‐world dataset show that WELL is significantly better than the existing state‐of‐the‐art model in typical bug localization tasks such as variable misuse and other bugs.