bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A distributed pricing algorithm for achieving network‐wide proportional fairness
Authors: Zhou Hui , Fan Pingyi , Xia Xiang‐Gen , Letaief K. B. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTProportional fairness (PF) scheduling achieves a balanced tradeoff between throughput and fairness and has attracted great attention recently. However, most previous work on PF only considers the single cell scenario. This paper focuses on the problem of achieving network‐wide PF in a generalized multiple base station multiple user network. The problem is formulated as a maximization model and solved using the dual method. By decomposing the dual objective function, we get a distributed pricing based algorithm. Optimality of this algorithm is presented. Although the algorithm is derived using fixed link rate assumption, it can still apply in the presence of time‐varying rates. The proposed algorithm is suitable for distributed systems in the sense that it does not need any inter base station communication at all. Simulations illustrate that the proposed distributed network‐wide PF scheduling algorithm achieves almost the same performance as the centralized one. Compared with traditional local PF (LPF) scheduling, the network‐wide PF scheduling achieves higher throughput, lower throughput oscillation, and greater fairness. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CRABSS: CalRAdio‐Based advanced Spectrum Scanner for cognitive networks
Authors: Manfrin Riccardo , Zanella Andrea , Zorzi Michele 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe first step required by the process of cognition is the intelligent observation of the environment that surrounds the actors of such a process. We present the CalRAdio‐Based advanced Spectrum Scanner (CRABSS), an open platform developed to monitor the ISM 2.4–2.499 GHz band and reveal opportunities for a better utilization of the available spectrum resources. CRABSS is built through a modular approach by integrating the development platform CalRadio 1 with the Unified Link Layer API (ULLA) framework. This solution provides sensing capabilities while preserving the 802.11b standard compatibility on the CalRadio 1 platform. Moreover, it takes advantage of the ULLA framework to export spectrum occupancy information to prospective cognitive radio manager engines, through a standardized set of sensing APIs. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On language ‘utility’: processing complexity and communicative efficiency
Authors: Jaeger T. Florian , Tily Harry 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFunctionalist typologists have long argued that pressures associated with language usage influence the distribution of grammatical properties across the world's languages. Specifically, grammatical properties may be observed more often across languages because they improve a language'sutilityor decrease itscomplexity. While this approach to the study of typology offers the potential of explaining grammatical patterns in terms of general principles rather than domain‐specific constraints, the notions of utility and complexity are more often grounded in intuition than empirical findings. A suitable empirical foundation might be found in the terms of processing preferences: in that case, psycholinguistic measures of complexity are then expected correlate with typological patterns. We summarize half a century of psycholinguistic work on ‘processing complexity’ in an attempt to make this work accessible to a broader audience: What makes something hard to process for comprehenders, and what determines speakers' preferences in production? We also briefly discuss recently emerging approaches that link preferences in production to communicative efficiency. These approaches can be seen as providing well‐defined measures of utility. With these psycholinguistic findings in mind, it is possible to investigate the extent to which language usage is reflected in typological patterns. We close with a summary of paradigms that allow the link between language usage and typology to be studied empirically.WIREs Cogni Sci2011 2 323–335 DOI: 10.1002/wcs.126This article is categorized under:Linguistics > Linguistic Theory
Mononuclear Formamidinate Complexes of Lithium and Sodium
Authors: Cole Marcus L. , Davies Aaron J. , Jones Cameron , Junk Peter C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractTreatment of N,N′‐bis(aryl)formamidines (FXylH = N,N′‐bis(2,6‐dimethylphenyl)formamidine, FEtH = N,N′‐bis(2,6‐diethylphenyl)formamidine, FisoH = N,N′‐bis(2,6‐diisopropylphenyl)formamidine) with nBuLi in the presence of tmeda (= N,N,N′,N′‐tetramethylethylenediamine) led to deprotonation of the amidine affording [Li(FXyl)(tmeda)] (1), [Li(FEt)(tmeda)] (2) and [Li(Fiso)(tmeda)] (3) respectively. Similar treatment of FXylH and FisoH with [Na{N(SiMe3)2}] in THF and pmdeta (= N,N,N′,N″,N″‐pentamethyldiethylenetriamine) yielded [Na(FXyl)(pmdeta)] (4) and [Na(Fiso)(pmdeta)] (5). All complexes were characterised by spectroscopy (NMR and IR) and X‐ray crystallography. Due to the bulkiness of the formamidinate ligands and the multidentate nature of the supporting neutral amine ligands (tmeda and pmdeta), all compounds were mononuclear with η2‐chelating formamidinate ligands in the solid state.
Endoscopic Minimally Invasive Thyroidectomy (eMIT): A Prospective Proof‐of‐Concept Study in Humans
Authors: Wilhelm Thomas , Metzig Andreas 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBackgroundWe have developed a new approach for endoscopic minimally invasive thyroidectomy (eMIT) in anatomical studies. Safety and feasibility were demonstrated in an animal study and then the eMIT technique was applied for the first time successfully in humans on the 18 March 2009.MethodsIn a prospective study, we performed this eMIT technique on eight patients suffering from nodular change of the thyroid gland. All patients were evaluated regarding recurrent laryngeal nerve function, intra‐ and postoperative complications, and postoperative outcome, particularly with respect to swallowing disorders.ResultsA total thyroidectomy and a partial resection were performed in four cases each. In three cases, a conversion to open surgery was necessary due to specimen size. No local infection at the incision site or within the cervical spaces occurred within the direct postoperative course. No intraoperative bleeding necessitating conversion to open surgery was observed. In one case, a permanent palsy of the right recurrent laryngeal nerve was noted. Voice function and breathing were not affected. Paresthesia of the mental nerve did not occur in all patients and in those in which it did occur, it resolved within 3 weeks. Mean follow‐up time was 10.9 months.ConclusionsThe experimental development of the eMIT technique has led to its first clinical application in humans. In this prospective proof‐of‐concept study in humans, the thyroid gland was reached via the transoral endoscopic approach in an anatomically defined layer without any relevant damage to vessels. Limitations to this technique are determined by specimen volume (up to 30 ml) and nodule size (up to 20 mm).
Novel ETF dehydrogenase mutations in a patient with mild glutaric aciduria type II and complex II‐III deficiency in liver and muscle
Authors: Wolfe Lynne A. , He Miao , Vockley Jerry , Payne Nicole , Rhead William , Hoppel Charles , Spector Elaine , Gernert Kim , Gibson K. Michael 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe describe a 22‐year‐old male who developed severe hypoglycemia and lethargy during an acute illness at 4 months of age and subsequently grew and developed normally. At age 4 years he developed recurrent vomiting with mild hyperammonemia and dehydration requiring frequent hospitalizations. Glutaric aciduria Type II was suspected based upon biochemical findings and managed with cornstarch, carnitine and riboflavin supplements. He did not experience metabolic crises between ages 4‐12 years. He experienced recurrent vomiting, mild hyperammonemia, and generalized weakness associated with acute illnesses and growth spurts. At age 18 years, he developed exercise intolerance and proximal muscle weakness leading to the identification of multiple acyl‐CoA dehydrogenase and complex II/III deficiencies in both skeletal muscle and liver. Subsequent molecular characterization of the ETFDH gene revealed novel heterozygous mutations, p.G274X:c.820 G > T (exon 7) and p.P534L: c.1601 C > T (exon 12), the latter within the iron sulfur‐cluster and predicted to affect ubiquinone reductase activity of ETFDH and the docking of ETF to ETFDH. Our case supports the concept of a structural interaction between ETFDH and other enzyme partners, and suggests that the conformational change upon ETF binding to ETFDH may play a key role in linking ETFDH to II/III super‐complex formation.
Preferred Sleep Position on the Side is Associated with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: McCabe Steven J. , Gupta Amit , Tate David E. , Myers John 
Published: November 2010

Background Although carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common compressive neuropathy, there is no comprehensive theory of its etiology. Because of the prevalence of night symptoms, we are interested in the role of sleep position in the causation of carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods We performed a case–control study comparing the prevalence of preferred sleep position in 68 cases and 138 controls. Analysis was stratified by age and gender and controlled for body mass index. Results We found a strong and significant association between a preference for sleeping on the side and the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome in men and in women less than 60 years of age. Body mass index was associated with carpal tunnel syndrome in women but not men. Conclusions Our findings of a strong association between the presence of carpal tunnel syndrome and preferred sleeping on the side suggest a comprehensive unifying theory of causation.
Optimization of Biomass and Arachidonic Acid Production by Aureispira maritima Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Saelao Sutanate , Kanjana‐Opas Akkharawit , Kaewsuwan Songsri 
Published: November 2010

AbstractStatistically based experimental designs, based on the Plackett–Burman protocol, were applied to the optimization of biomass and arachidonic acid (ARA) production in Aureispira maritima shake‐flask cultures. Tryptone and culture temperature were identified to have a significant effect on biomass production, whereas ARA production was only affected significantly by the pH and agitation rate. These four factors were subsequently optimized using response surface methodology. The validity of the optimum conditions was verified by separate experiments in which biomass and ARA yield were increased 4.02‐fold (2.05 g l−1) and 3.59‐fold (21.50 mg g−1), respectively, in 3‐day fermentations. Under non‐optimized culture conditions the corresponding values were 0.51 g l−1 and 5.99 mg g−1, respectively. The results suggest that A. maritima might be a potential strain for further large scale investigations to determine whether this bacterium might be suitable for commercial production of ARA. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the statistically optimization of biomass and ARA production from the marine gliding bacterium A. maritima.
Kinetics of Lipid Oxidation and Degradation of Flaxseed Oil Containing Crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) Astaxanthin
Authors: Pu Jianing , Sathivel Subramaniam 
Published: November 2010

AbstractFlaxseed oil (FO) containing crawfish (Procambarus clarkii) astaxanthin (FOA) was evaluated for lipid oxidation and astaxanthin degradation. The FOA was analyzed for astaxanthin content, free fatty acids (FFA), peroxide value (PV), fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) profile, and color. The amount of extractable astaxanthin in the crawfish byproducts was 3.02 mg/100 g of crawfish byproducts. FOA and FO had a similar alpha‐linolenic acid (ALA) content (on a weight% basis). The FO was lighter and more yellow in color than FOA. The oxidation rate of FOA was lower than that of FO. When FO and FOA were heated to 30 °C, both oils exhibited minimal lipid oxidation with increasing heating time, whereas FO, when heated to 40, 50, 60 °C, had a higher lipid oxidation rate than FOA with increasing the heating time from 0 to 4 h. Astaxanthin was an effective antioxidant agent in FO when it was heated from 30 to 60 °C. The degradation of astaxanthin in FOA could be described by first order reaction kinetics. Astaxanthin was stable in flaxseed oil at 30 and 40 °C, while its stability decreased significantly at 50 and 60 °C. The rate of astaxanthin degradation in FOA was significantly influenced by temperature.
Prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus in women with cervical cancer or high‐grade precancerous lesions in Chengdu, western China
Authors: Li Jinke , Zhang Dan , Zhang Yi , Wang Xia , Lin Yong , Hu Lina 
Published: November 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo study the prevalence and genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) among women with cervical cancer or high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in western China.MethodsCervical cast‐off cells from 144 women with cervical cancer and 63 women with HSIL were tested for HPV genotypes using an oligonucleotide microarray.ResultsThe overall HPV prevalence was 80.6% in cases of carcinoma and 61.9% in cases of HSIL. The most common genotypes were HPV‐16 (carcinoma, 68.1%; HSIL, 34.9%) and HPV‐58 (carcinoma, 8.3%; HSIL, 17.5%). Other high‐risk types included HPV‐18, −31, −33, −35, −45, and −52, with HPV‐18 more common in adenocarcinomas than in squamous cell carcinomas (21.4% vs 3.1%; P < 0.02). The HPV prevalence was lower among patients older than 49 years (P < 0.02).ConclusionThe prevalence of HPV‐16 and HPV‐58 was high. This finding may help to improve HPV vaccination and cervical cancer prevention programs in western China.
Structural investigation of supply networks: A social network analysis approach
Authors: Kim Yusoon , Choi Thomas Y. , Yan Tingting , Dooley Kevin 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA system of interconnected buyers and suppliers is better modeled as a network than as a linear chain. In this paper we demonstrate how to use social network analysis to investigate the structural characteristics of supply networks. Our theoretical framework relates key social network analysis metrics to supply network constructs. We apply this framework to the three automotive supply networks reported inChoi and Hong (2002). Each of the supply networks is analyzed in terms of both materials flow and contractual relationships. We compare the social network analysis results with the case‐based interpretations inChoi and Hong (2002)and conclude that our framework can both supplement and complement case‐based analysis of supply networks.
Pyrosequencing reveals highly diverse and species-specific microbial communities in sponges from the Red Sea
Authors: Lee On On , Wang Yong , Yang Jiangke , Lafi Feras F , Al-Suwailem Abdulaziz , Qian Pei-Yuan 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Marine sponges are associated with a remarkable array of microorganisms. Using a tag pyrosequencing technology, this study was the first to investigate in depth the microbial communities associated with three Red Sea sponges, Hyrtios erectus, Stylissa carteri and Xestospongia testudinaria. We revealed highly diverse sponge-associated bacterial communities with up to 1000 microbial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and richness estimates of up to 2000 species. Altogether, 26 bacterial phyla were detected from the Red Sea sponges, 11 of which were absent from the surrounding sea water and 4 were recorded in sponges for the first time. Up to 100 OTUs with richness estimates of up to 300 archaeal species were revealed from a single sponge species. This is by far the highest archaeal diversity ever recorded for sponges. A non-negligible proportion of unclassified reads was observed in sponges. Our results demonstrated that the sponge-associated microbial communities remained highly consistent in the same sponge species from different locations, although they varied at different degrees among different sponge species. A significant proportion of the tag sequences from the sponges could be assigned to one of the sponge-specific clusters previously defined. In addition, the sponge-associated microbial communities were consistently divergent from those present in the surrounding sea water. Our results suggest that the Red Sea sponges possess highly sponge-specific or even sponge-species-specific microbial communities that are resistant to environmental disturbance, and much of their microbial diversity remains to be explored.
Examining the global distribution of dominant archaeal populations in soil
Authors: Bates Scott T , Berg-Lyons Donna , Caporaso J Gregory , Walters William A , Knight Rob , Fierer Noah 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Archaea, primarily Crenarchaeota, are common in soil; however, the structure of soil archaeal communities and the factors regulating their diversity and abundance remain poorly understood. Here, we used barcoded pyrosequencing to comprehensively survey archaeal and bacterial communities in 146 soils, representing a multitude of soil and ecosystem types from across the globe. Relative archaeal abundance, the percentage of all 16S rRNA gene sequences recovered that were archaeal, averaged 2% across all soils and ranged from 0% to &gt;10% in individual soils. Soil C:N ratio was the only factor consistently correlated with archaeal relative abundances, being higher in soils with lower C:N ratios. Soil archaea communities were dominated by just two phylotypes from a constrained clade within the Crenarchaeota, which together accounted for &gt;70% of all archaeal sequences obtained in the survey. As one of these phylotypes was closely related to a previously identified putative ammonia oxidizer, we sampled from two long-term nitrogen (N) addition experiments to determine if this taxon responds to experimental manipulations of N availability. Contrary to expectations, the abundance of this dominant taxon, as well as archaea overall, tended to decline with increasing N. This trend was coupled with a concurrent increase in known N-oxidizing bacteria, suggesting competitive interactions between these groups.
Metatranscriptomic analysis of ammonia-oxidizing organisms in an estuarine bacterioplankton assemblage
Authors: Hollibaugh James T , Gifford Scott , Sharma Shalabh , Bano Nasreen , Moran Mary Ann 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis revealed elevated relative abundance (1.8% of prokaryotes) of marine group 1 Crenarchaeota (MG1C) in two samples of southeastern US coastal bacterioplankton, collected in August 2008, compared with samples collected from the same site at different times (mean 0.026%). We analyzed the MG1C sequences in metatranscriptomes from these samples to gain an insight into the metabolism of MG1C population growing in the environment, and for comparison with ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in the same samples. Assemblies revealed low diversity within sequences assigned to most individual MG1C open reading frames (ORFs) and high homology with ‘Candidatus Nitrosopumilus maritimus’ strain SCM1 genome sequences. Reads assigned to ORFs for ammonia uptake and oxidation accounted for 37% of all MG1C transcripts. We did not recover any reads for Nmar_1354–Nmar_1357, proposed to encode components of an alternative, nitroxyl-based ammonia oxidation pathway; however, reads from Nmar_1259 and Nmar_1667, annotated as encoding a multicopper oxidase with homology to nirK, were abundant. Reads assigned to two homologous ORFs (Nmar_1201 and Nmar_1547), annotated as hypothetical proteins were also abundant, suggesting that their unknown function is important to MG1C. Superoxide dismutase and peroxiredoxin-like transcripts were more abundant in the MG1C transcript pool than in the complete metatranscriptome, suggesting an enhanced response to oxidative stress by the MG1C population. qPCR indicated low AOB abundance (0.0010% of prokaryotes), and we found no transcripts related to ammonia oxidation and only one RuBisCO transcript among the transcripts assigned to AOB, suggesting they were not responding to the same environmental cues as the MG1C population.
The Neonatal Microbiome and Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Authors: Weinstock George , Tarr Phillip , Warner Barbara , Sodergren Erica , Shannon William , Hamvas Aaron , Magrini Vincent 
Published: November 2010

AbstractNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a devastating disorder that affects approximately 10% of premature infants. Its mortality remains high (15-30%), and its cause remains unknown. About 80% of cases occur within 35 days of birth among hospitalized newborns of low birth weight. Probiotics diminish the incidence and severity of NEC, and NEC does not occur antepartum. NEC affects a readily identifiable at-risk group, has a tightly defined interval before its onset, occurs in an organ system that is intimately associated with a microbial population in flux, has a plausible association with the intestinal microbiota, and cohorts at risk have rarely been studied in large numbers, or prospectively. This disorder, therefore, provides a unique opportunity to explore the role of the human enteric microbiome in a devastating disease. Moreover, NEC epidemiology and age-incidence present an ability to enroll and study cohorts that are highly likely to provide valuable pathophysiologic and microbiologic insights.In this project, we will identify and quantify the microbial components of stool and its products before and at the onset of NEC. In doing so, we will test the overarching hypothesis that NEC is a direct or indirect consequence of the enteric biomass, its products, or both. We will use multicenter cohorts of premature infants at high risk of developing NEC, extend our research on this disease currently sponsored by the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences, and continue our longstanding collaborations with the Genome Center at Washington University and the Washington University Digestive Diseases Research Core Center (Informatics Core). The Aims of this proposal are to (1) conduct a case cohort study in which we compare clinical data and biological specimens from cases and well-matched controls; (2) determine if the kind and density of intestinal biomass, its gene content, and transcriptional activity are associated with, and potential determinants of, NEC; and (3) determine if host risk alleles for intestinal inflammation play a role in the development of NEC. These efforts will be accomplished using subjects from three collaborating neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), focusing on the critical, instructive, and understudied pre-NEC stage of illness, and formulating a data repository that will be a resource for investigators worldwide who wish to focus their efforts on NEC, its precipitants, and its prevention and cure.
SESAME (SEquence Sorter & AMplicon Explorer): genotyping based on high-throughput multiplex amplicon sequencing
Authors: Meglécz Emese , Piry Sylvain , Desmarais Erick , Galan Maxime , Gilles André , Guivier Emmanuel , Pech Nicolas , Martin Jean-François 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Summary: Characterizing genetic diversity through genotyping short amplicons is central to evolutionary biology. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies changed the scale at which these type of data are acquired. SESAME is a web application package that assists genotyping of multiplexed individuals for several markers based on NGS amplicon sequencing. It automatically assigns reads to loci and individuals, corrects reads if standard samples are available and provides an intuitive graphical user interface (GUI) for allele validation based on the sequences and associated decision-making tools. The aim of SESAME is to help allele identification among a large number of sequences.
Availability: SESAME and its documentation are freely available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported Licence for Windows and Linux from http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/CBGP/NGS/ or http://tinyurl.com/ngs-sesame.
Contact: emese.meglecz@univ-provence.fr
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.