bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of tissue‐type transglutaminase correlates positively with metastatic properties of human melanoma cell lines
Authors: van Groningen Jan J. M. , Klink Steve L. , Bloemers Henri P. J. , Swart Guido W. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this study the relationship between tissue‐type transglutaminase (TGase2) activity and the propensity to metastasize was investigated in human melanoma cell lines with different metastatic behavior. TGase2 catalyzes an acyl‐transfer reaction between peptide‐bound glutamine residues and primary amines, including the ε‐amino group of lysine residues. Northern‐blot analysis demonstrated that TGase2 RNA‐expression (3.7 kb) was elevated in highly metastatic cell lines (MV3 and BLM) as compared to weakly metastatic ones (I F6 and 530). Immunopre‐cipitation and enzyme assays of TGase2 showed that the differential expression at the mRNA level was also reflected at the protein level. These findings reveal a positive relation between the expression of TGase2 and the metastatic properties of the human melanoma cell lines. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
E‐selectin‐mediated dynamic interactions of breast‐and colon‐cancer cells with endothelial‐cell monolayers
Authors: Tözeren Aydin , Kleinman Hynda K. , Grant Derrick S. , Morales David , Mercurio Arthur M. , Byers Stephen W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms involved in the dynamic interaction of human breast carcinoma cells with the endothelial cell lining of lymphatic vessels and post‐capillary blood venules are largely unknown. In the present study, laminar flow assays were used to investigate the ability of various normal breast cells and of breast‐ and colon‐tumor cells to adhere to human umbilical cord endothelial cell monolayers. MCF‐10A breast, MCF‐7 and T‐47D breast‐carcinoma and clone A, RKO, and HT‐29 colon‐carcinoma cells accumulated and rolled, in the presence of flow, on tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐stimulated but not on unstimulated endothelial cell monolayers. Non‐tumor and tumor cells continued to form transient adhesions with TNF‐stimulated endothelial cells even when the flow rate was increased to levels found in arteries. Incubation of TNF‐stimulated endothelial cells with an E‐selectin‐specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) partially or completely inhibited dynamic interactions and diminished adhesion strength, whereas integrin β1‐ and integrin α6‐specific MAbs had no effect. A set of highly invasive breast‐carcinoma cells (MDA‐231, BT‐549, HS‐578t) neither adhered to nor rolled on resting or TNF‐stimulated endothelial cell monolayers. However, after 5 min of static incubation, a fraction of these cells attached strongly to resting and TNF‐stimulated endothelial cells and this static adhesion could not be blocked by an E‐selectin‐specific monoclonal antibody. Our results suggest that E‐selectin is a major homing receptor in the metastasis of some breast and colon cancers. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perspectives of data analysis of enzyme inhibition and activation, part 4: Equations for calculation of constants of enzyme activation and inhibition
Authors: Krupyanko Vladimir I. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractEquations for calculation of constants of enzyme activation and nontrivial types of enzyme inhibition, which are not reported in the literature, have been deduced. Examples of using these equations are also presented. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:145–154, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20316
Free radical–scavenging activity and DNA damaging potential of auxins IAA and 2‐methyl‐IAA evaluated in human neutrophils by the alkaline comet assay
Authors: Salopek‐Sondi Branka , Piljac‐Žegarac Jasenka , Magnus Volker , Kopjar Nevenka 
Published: June 2010

AbstractAuxins, of which indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) is the most widespread representative, are plant hormones. In addition to plants, IAA also naturally occurs in humans in micromolar concentrations. In the presence of peroxidase, indolic auxins are converted to cytotoxic oxidation products and have thus been proposed for use in gene‐directed enzyme/prodrug tumor therapy. Since data on the genotoxicity of IAA and its derivatives are not consistent, here we investigate the early DNA damaging effects (2‐h treatment) of the auxins, IAA, and 2‐methyl‐indole‐3‐acetic acid (2‐Me‐IAA) by the alkaline comet assay and compare them with their free radical–scavenging activity measured by the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Human neutrophils are chosen as the test system since they possess inherent peroxidase activity. The results of the comet assay indicate an increase in DNA damage in a dose‐dependent manner up to 1.00 mM of both auxins. Generally, IAA applied in the same concentration had greater potential to damage DNA in human neutrophils than did 2‐Me‐IAA. The genotoxicities of the two examined auxins are negatively correlated with their antioxidant activities, as measured by the DPPH assay; 2‐Me‐IAA showed a higher antioxidant capacity than did IAA. We assume that differences in the molecular structure of the tested auxins contributed to differences in their metabolism, in particular, with respect to interactions with peroxidases and other oxidative enzymes in neutrophils. However, the exact mechanisms have to be elucidated in future studies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:165–173, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20323
Antioxidant liposomes protect against CEES‐induced lung injury by decreasing SAF‐1/MAZ‐mediated inflammation in the guinea pig lung
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sutapa , Mukherjee Shyamali , Ray Bimal K. , Ray Alpana , Stone William L. , Das Salil K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe reported earlier in a guinea pig model that exposure of 2‐chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a mustard gas analog, causes lung injury associated with the activation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling, and activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) transcription factor. Our earlier studies also revealed that antioxidant liposomes can be used as antidotes. Proinflammatory cytokines IL‐1, IL‐6, and TNF‐α, either alone or in combination, can induce the activation of another group of transcription factors, namely SAF‐1 (serum accelerator factor‐1)/MAZ (Myc‐associated zinc finger protein). Phosphorylation of SAF‐1 via MAPK markedly increases its DNA‐binding and transactivational potential. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether CEES exposure causes activation of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and SAF‐1/MAZ and whether these effects can be prevented by antioxidant liposomes. A single dose (200 μL) of the antioxidant liposome mixture was administered intratracheally after 5 min of exposure of CEES (0.5 mg/kg). The animals were sacrificed either 1 h or 30 days after CEES exposure. CEES exposure caused an upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines IL‐6 and IL‐1β in the lung along with an increase in the activation of transcription factor SAF‐1/MAZ. The antioxidant liposomes treatment significantly blocked the CEES‐induced activation of IL‐6, IL‐1β, and SAF‐1/MAZ. This might suggest that antioxidant liposomes might offer a potential therapeutic strategy against inflammatory diseases associated with activation of these bioactive molecules. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 24:187–194, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20329
Value of diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance images for discrimination of focal benign and malignant hepatic lesions: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Xia Dong , Jing Jiyong , Shen Haiping , Wu Jianjun 
Published: June 2010

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate the ability of DW‐MRI in differentiating malignant hepatic tumors from benign lesions.Materials and Methods:Meta‐analysis of 14 diagnostic studies was used. A systematic search in Medline, Embase, Web of Science (from January, 1966, to October, 2009), and Cochrane Controlled Clinical Trials Register Database (through third Quarter 2009) was used with screening of the literature.Results:A meta‐analysis of all 95 published studies was performed. Fourteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria (804 patients with 1665 hepatic lesions). The global sensitivity was 0.91 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86–0.94), the specificity was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.86–0.97), the positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 13.10 (95% CI, 6.30–27.26), the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.10 (95% CI, 0.06–0.15), and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 133.76 (95% CI, 49.77–359.45). The area under the curve of the summary receiver operator characteristic (SROC) was 0.96 (95% CI 0.94–0.98).Conclusion:Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging is potential technically feasible to differentiate malignant from benign focal liver lesions. Apparent diffusion coefficient measurements can be useful in providing rapid quantifiable information. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;32:130–137. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimism and the boundaryless career: The role of developmental relationships
Authors: Higgins Monica , Dobrow Shoshana R. , Roloff Kathryn S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis research explores an important psychological capacity in the current boundaryless career environment—optimism. Optimism is associated with flexibility and adaptability amid stressful situations, which, we argue here may be particularly useful in the current unpredictable career environment. We explore the relationship between optimism and the structure and quality of individuals' developmental networks in a sample of young adults. Analyses are based on a 10‐year longitudinal study (1996–2006) of a cohort of 136 individuals who graduated from business school in 1996. Cross‐sectional analyses show that the amount of psychosocial support, but not career support, received by individuals is positively associated with optimism. Then, considering the long‐term nature of help‐giving, longitudinal relational data suggest that the greater one's early‐career psychosocial and career support, the greater one's optimism many years hence. In addition, we examined how the rate of change in developmental network support over time is associated with optimism. Findings show that increasing amounts of career and psychosocial support over time were associated with greater optimism later in career. Implications for future research on the boundaryless career, optimism, and developmental relationships are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
At the crossroads of agency and communion: Defining the shared career
Authors: Svejenova Silviya , Vives Luis , Alvarez José Luis 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis article extends the predominant depiction of careers as individual undertakings and advances insights on collective careers. It defines the shared career as the co‐evolving sequence of work collaboration and jointly pursued career opportunities by two or more career actors. It proposes that this new career construct mixes agency and communion. Furthermore, it conceptualizes a life cycle model of shared careers, using supporting illustrations. Finally, it articulates how focusing on shared careers could open up avenues for the advancement of research on boundaryless careers. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gender role differences in reactions to unemployment: Exploring psychological mobility and boundaryless careers
Authors: Forret Monica L. , Sullivan Sherry E. , Mainiero Lisa A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUsing Sullivan and Arthur's (Sullivan & Arthur,2006) refinement of the boundaryless career concept, this study examines whether there are gender role differences in psychological mobility (i.e., the career actor's capacity to envision a variety of career options) in response to the same physical transition of unemployment. We surveyed 1095 individuals across numerous organizations and industries, and analyzed our data by generational cohort in light of evolving societal attitudes toward child rearing and breadwinning responsibilities. We found that for both Gen Xers and Baby Boomers, men with children were more likely to perceive unemployment as a defeat than women with children; and women with children were more likely to perceive unemployment as an opportunity than men with children. Despite the many historical, economic, social, and cultural changes in the environment over the past decades, traditional gender roles remain pervasive in response to unemployment. Based on the study's empirical findings, we suggest critical issues for the future study of gender role differences and psychological mobility. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finding a place in history: Symbolic and social networks in creative careers and collective memory
Authors: Jones Candace 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBoundaryless careers are pervasive, and yet we have little understanding of the boundaries imposed by categorization processes upon those engaged in boundaryless careers such as in creative industries and cultural fields. Categorization processes underlie symbolic and social boundaries and this study examines whether transgressing symbolic and social boundaries enhances the likelihood of soaring to eminence or sliding into relative obscurity. This study examined a relatively under‐research area—the effects of boundary crossing at specific career stages and the capacity to attain eminence—a place in history. The study reveals the importance of symbolic networks and expanding symbolic boundaries though boundary objects such as buildings for attaining recognition and securing eminence in one's career. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Crossing national boundaries: A typology of qualified immigrants' career orientations
Authors: Zikic Jelena , Bonache Jaime , Cerdin Jean‐Luc 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis qualitative study examines objective–subjective career interdependencies within a sample of 45 qualified immigrants (QIs) in Canada, Spain and France. The particular challenges in this type of self‐initiated international careers arise from the power of institutions and local gatekeepers, the lack of recognition for QIs' foreign career capital, and the need for proactivity. Resulting from primary data analysis, we identify six major themes in QIs' subjective interpretations of objective barriers: Maintaining motivation, managing identity, developing new credentials, developing local know‐how, building a new social network and evaluating career success. Secondary data analysis distinguishes three QI career orientations—embracing, adaptive and resisting orientations—with each portraying distinct patterns of motivation, identity and coping. This study extends the boundaryless career perspective by providing a more fine‐grained understanding of how qualified migrants manage both physical and psychological mobility during self‐initiated international career transitions. With regards to the interdependence between objective and subjective career aspects, it illustrates the importance of avoiding preference to one side at the neglect of the other, or treating the two sides as independent of one another. Practical implications are proposed for career management efforts and receiving economies. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New directions for boundaryless careers: Agency and interdependence in a changing world
Authors: Tams Svenja , Arthur Michael B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThis paper reconnects to the intellectual climate from which the formulation of the boundaryless career perspective emerged in the 1990s. Based on 17 years of cumulative research, we develop the case for extending beyond a primary focus on boundaryless careers as forms (e.g., contractor or global itinerant). We argue that opportunities for further theory development in this field can emerge from addressing some of its fundamental debates, and developing a more systematic understanding of career agency. In this respect, we see promise in research that develops our understanding of interdependent notions of career agency. To guide further research, the paper identifies six features of agency related to individual variation, social referencing, practice, outcomes, contexts, and learning. We propose that each of these illustrates contrasting assumptions about independent and interdependent views of the career. We discuss how the other papers of this special issue inform our understanding of these six features and identify promising directions for further research. We conclude that the future relevance of the boundaryless career perspective will depend on its openness to the challenges of careers within the inherently dynamic, uncertain, and complex arena of an interdependent global society. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bacteriology of manganese nodules. VI. Fate of copper, nickel, cobalt, and iron during bacterial and chemical reduction of the manganese (IV)
Authors: Ehrlich H. L. , Yang S. H. , Mainwaring J. D. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCopper, nickel, and cobalt entered into seawater solution while the manganese (IV) oxide matrix of marine ferromanganese nodules to which they were bound was being reduced by glucose in the presence of peptone. Negligible amounts of iron were solubilized under similar conditions. Bacillus GJ 33 significantly accelerated the reduction and solubilization of manganese (IV) oxide by chemical means and thereby also accelerated the solubilization of nickel and cobalt, and, in advanced stages, of copper. Nickel and cobalt solubilization were directly dependent on manganese (IV) oxide reduction and solubilization while copper solubilization was only partly dependent on it. Some copper in the ferromanganese nodule substance was solubilized as a result of complexing by peptone without concurrent manganese (IV) oxide reduction. The release of manganese, copper, or nickel (cobalt was not tested) could not be attributed to acid formation during glucose oxidation by manganese (IV) oxide regardless of whether the reaction was purely chemical or catalyzed by bacteria. These findings suggest that nickel and cobalt are more tightly bound to the manganese (IV) oxide matrix than copper. An adsorption experiment showed that manganese, copper and nickel could originally have entered the nodule matrix by adsorption.
Bildung von Dicarbonsäuren durch Candida guillier mondii, Stamm H 17, aus n‐Alkanen
Authors: Krauel H. , Kunze R. , Weide H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBei Kulturen von Candida guilliermondii, Stamm H 17, wurden n‐Alkane definierter Kettenlängen, die Alkangemische Mepasin I und II sowie in Kontrollen Acetat und Glucose als C‐Quellen angeboten.Im Kulturfiltrat konnten gaschromatographisch Glutar‐, Adipin‐, Pimelin‐ und Azelainsäure nachgewiesen werden.Die Beziehungen zwischen den Substraten mit gerad‐ oder ungeradzahliger C‐Kettenläge und den gebildeten Dicarbonsäuren werden erörtert.
Violamycin, a new red‐pigment antibiotic
Authors: Fleck W. , Strauss D. , Koch W. , Prauser H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe detection, fermentation, isolation, physicochemical and biological properties of violamycin, a new antibiotic produced by a strain of Streptomyces violaceus IMET JA 6844 are described. Violamycin is a mixture of the complexes violamycin A and violamycin B. Violamycin A is mainly a complex of aminoglycosides of ϵ‐isorhodomycinone, β‐rhodomycinone, and α2‐rhodomycinone. The sugar component is rhodosamine. Violamycin B is mainly a complex of di‐ and triglycosides of ϵ‐isorhodomycinone, β‐rhodomycinone, and α2‐rhodomycinone. The sugar components of the diglycoside are rhodosamine and deoxy‐L‐fucose, the sugar components of the triglycoside are rhodosamine, deoxy‐L‐fucose, and rhodinose. Violamycin complexes A and B consist of constituents which are similar to other known members of anthracycline antibiotics but can be differentiated from them by physicochemical and biological properties, specially ϵ‐isorhodomycinone which so far has not been determined as a constituent of an antibiotic. The producer of violamycin was detected by means of the “BIP” test method. Violamycin can be isolated from fermentation filtrates and mycelium by extraction with lower aliphatic alcohols and can be purified by gel filtration methods. Violamycin has indicator properties and has been shown to possess a strong antimicrobial activity against grampositive bacteria and mycobacteria, including such strains which produce inactivating enzymes for different commercial antibiotics. Violamycin has growth inhibiting activity to a lower extent also in respect of gramnegative bacteria but has no antibiotic action in respect of yeasts and fungi. In addition to its antimicrobial activity, violamycin shows cytostatic action on mammalian cells in vitro and experimentally induced tumors of the mouse. Violamycin inhibited bacterial viruses in their multiplication by intracellular action without simultaneous blocking of the metabolism and growth of the host cells. The LD50 of violamycin A in mice was 15 mg/kg when administered intraperitoneally and 2 mg/kg on intraperitoneal administration of violamycin B.
Verhalten der Enzyme des Citratzyklus während der n‐Alkan‐Assimilation bei Acinetobacter calcoaceticus
Authors: Kleber H.‐P. , Aurich H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDer Einfluß von n‐Alkanen und anderen C‐Quellen auf die Synthese der Enzyme des Citratzyklus in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus wird untersucht.Von den Enzymen des Citratzyklus zeigt nur die Malatdehydrogenase eine Abhängigkeit von der C‐Quelle. Die spezifische Aktivität des Enzyms ist nach Wachstum auf n‐Alkanen oder Acetat etwa 4fach höher als nach Wachstum auf Malat und Succinat. Ein Zusatz von Glucose ‐ aber auch von Antibiotica ‐ zum Nährmedium verhindert den durch n‐Alkane oder Acetat bedingten Aktivitätsanstieg.Um Aussagen über die Kontrollmechanismen des Citrat‐ und Glyoxylatzyklus in Acinetobacter calcoaceticus zu machen, werden die erhaltenen Befunde im Zusammenhang mit den Ergebnissen über die Regulation der Enzyme des Glyoxylatzyklus sowie des Malatenzyms diskutiert.
Nucleotide degrading enzymes in Neurospora crassa
Authors: Mattoo A. K. , Shah Zarna M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractConsiderable amounts of GTP, GMP, adenosine, guanine, and adenine accumulated in Neurospora crassa when a culture grown on low phosphate (0.01%) medium was transferred to a high phosphate (1%) medium. The levels of alkaline phosphatase, nucleotidase, and nucleosidase decreased by 2.4, 5.4, and 3 folds, respectively, in cultures grown on high phosphate medium. Substrate kinetics of these enzymes revealed that: (1) alkaline phosphatase isolated from the organism grown on low phosphate medium demonstrates nonlinear reciprocal plots with two distinct apparent Km values for β‐glycerophosphate compared to one apparent Km value (associated with 32% decrease in the apparent Vmax value) obtained with that grown on high phosphate medium; (2) nucleotidases and nucleosidases isolated from organisms cultivated on low phosphate and high phosphate media showed the same apparent Km values, 0.25 mM for nucleotidase and 0.909 mM for nucleosidase. There was, however, >3 times decrease in the catalytic activity of the latter enzymes isolated from organisms grown on high phosphate medium as compared to those grown on low phosphate. Inclusion of inorganic phosphate in standard assay mixtures of the three enzymes resulted in a considerable inhibition in the catalytic activities of all of them. High levels of phosphate in the medium caused marked repression of three out of six of alkaline phosphatase, two out of three of nucleotidase, and one out of two of nucleosidase isozymic forms detected in the low phosphate grown culture.