bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor-Derived Microvesicles Promote Regulatory T Cell Expansion and Induce Apoptosis in Tumor-Reactive Activated CD8+ T Lymphocytes
Authors: Wieckowski Eva U. , Visus Carmen , Szajnik Marta , Szczepanski Miroslaw J. , Storkus Walter J. , Whiteside Theresa L. 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Sera of patients with cancer contain membraneous microvesicles (MV) able to induce apoptosis of activated T cells by activating the Fas/Fas ligand pathway. However, the cellular origin of MV found in cancer patients’ sera varies as do their molecular and cellular profiles. To distinguish tumor-derived MV in cancer patients’ sera, we used MAGE 3/6+ present in tumors and MV. Molecular profiles of MAGE 3/6+ MV were compared in Western blots or by flow cytometry with those of MV secreted by dendritic cells or activated T cells. These profiles were found to be distinct for each cell type. Only tumor-derived MV were MAGE 3/6+ and were variably enriched in 42-kDa Fas ligand and MHC class I but not class II molecules. Effects of MV on signaling via the TCR and IL-2R and proliferation or apoptosis of activated primary T cells and T cell subsets were also assessed. Functions of activated CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes were differentially modulated by tumor-derived MV. These MV inhibited signaling and proliferation of activated CD8+ but not CD4+ T cells and induced apoptosis of CD8+ T cells, including tumor-reactive, tetramer+CD8+ T cells as detected by flow cytometry for caspase activation and annexin V binding or by DNA fragmentation. Tumor-derived but not dendritic cell-derived MV induced the in vitro expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ T regulatory cells and enhanced their suppressor activity. The data suggest that tumor-derived MV induce immune suppression by promoting T regulatory cell expansion and the demise of antitumor CD8+ effector T cells, thus contributing to tumor escape.
Least‐squares parameter estimation for systems with irregularly missing data
Authors: Ding Feng , Ding Jie 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThis paper considers the problems of parameter identification and output estimation with possibly irregularly missing output data, using output error models. By means of an auxiliary model (or reference model) approach, we present a recursive least‐squares algorithm to estimate the parameters of missing data systems, and establish convergence properties for the parameter and missing output estimation in the stochastic framework. The basic idea is to replace the unmeasurable inner variables with the output of an auxiliary model. Finally, we test the effectiveness of the algorithm with an example system. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metal–Organic Frameworks: Opportunities for Catalysis
Authors: Farrusseng David , Aguado Sonia , Pinel Catherine 
Published: August 2009

AbstractThe role of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in the field of catalysis is discussed, and special focus is placed on their assets and limits in light of current challenges in catalysis and green chemistry. Their structural and dynamic features are presented in terms of catalytic functions along with how MOFs can be designed to bridge the gap between zeolites and enzymes. The contributions of MOFs to the field of catalysis are comprehensively reviewed and a list of catalytic candidates is given. The subject is presented from a multidisciplinary point of view covering solid‐state chemistry, materials science, and catalysis.
Rapid, highly efficient and chemoselective trimethylsilylation of alcohols and phenols with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) catalyzed by reusable electron‐deficient tin(IV)porphyrin
Authors: Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Gharaati Shadab 
Published: August 2009

AbstractIn this paper, rapid and highly efficient trimethylsilylation of alcohols and phenols with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) in the presence of catalytic amounts of high‐valent [SnIV(TPP)(OTf)2] is reported. This catalytic system catalyzes trimethylsilylation of primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols as well as phenols, and the corresponding TMS‐ethers were obtained in high yields and short reaction times at room temperature. It is noteworthy that this method can be used for chemoselective silylation of primary alcohols in the presence of secondary and tertiary alcohols and phenols. The catalyst was reused several times without loss of its catalytic activity. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, characterization, and properties of a novel epoxy resin containing both binaphthyl and biphenyl moieties
Authors: Zuo Chuanwei , Han Jianglong , Si Zhihuai , Xue Gi 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA new epoxy resin containing both binaphthyl and biphenyl moieties in the skeleton (BLBPE) was synthesized and confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy, 1H‐nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. To evaluate the combined influence of two moieties, one epoxy resin containing binaphthyl moiety and another containing biphenyl moiety were also synthesized, and a commercial biphenyl‐type epoxy resin (CER3000L) was introduced. Thermal properties of their cured polymers with phenol p‐xylene resins were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical, and thermogravimetric analyses. The cured polymer obtained from BLBPE showed remarkably higher glass transition temperature and lower moisture absorption, as well as comprehensively excellent thermal stability. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009
Time trends in oral clefts in Chinese newborns: Data from the Chinese National Birth Defects Monitoring Network
Authors: Dai Li , Zhu Jun , Mao Meng , Li Yanhua , Deng Ying , Wang Yanping , Liang Juan , Tang Liu , Wang He , Kilfoy Briseis A. , Zheng Tongzhang , Zhang Yawei 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Although the prevalence of oral clefts in China is among the highest in countries worldwide, little is known about its descriptive epidemiology. METHODS: Data used in this study were collected from 1996 to 2005 using the nationwide hospital‐based registry, the Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network. A total of 4,891,472 newborns (live or still births with 28 weeks of gestation or more) delivered in member hospitals were assessed for birth defects within 7 days following birth. RESULTS: The prevalence of nonsyndromic, syndromic, and overall clefts was 14.23, 2.40, and 16.63 per 10,000, respectively. An upward time trend in the prevalence of nonsyndromic cleft palate and nonsyndromic cleft lip was detected. Cleft lip with or without cleft palate showed a different pattern by gender, urban‐rural classification, and geographic location when compared to cleft palate, particularly for nonsyndromic cases. Maternal age was associated with prevalence of all oral clefts. Neonates with oral clefts had increased rates of mortality. CONCLUSIONS: The observed complex patterns of prevalence of oral clefts from the Chinese national birth defects registry indicate that oral cleft subtypes by either cleft location or syndromic status should be considered in the development of intervention measures and in future analytical studies. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors cardiac teratogens? Echocardiographic screening of newborns with persistent heart murmur
Authors: Merlob Paul , Birk Einat , Sirota Lea , Linder Nehama , Berant Michael , Stahl Bracha , Klinger Gil 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been suspected of cardiac teratogenicity, but reports have been inconsistent. Our aim was to investigate the rate of nonsyndromic congenital heart defects in newborns exposed in utero to SSRIs compared with unexposed controls. METHODS: This prospective study of women who gave birth at our tertiary center from 2000 to 2007 yielded 235 women who reported first‐trimester SSRI use during pregnancy. All newborns born during the study period and found to have a persistent cardiac murmur on day 2 or 3 of life were referred for examination by a pediatric cardiologist and by echocardiography. The findings were compared between the newborns who were exposed to SSRIs and those who were not. RESULTS: Nonsyndromic congenital heart defects were identified by echocardiography in 8 of 235 (3.40%) newborns exposed in utero to SSRIs and in 1083 of 67,636 (1.60%) non‐exposed newborns. The difference in prevalence between the two groups was significant (relative risk, 2.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–4.39). The prevalence rates for paroxetine and fluoxetine exposure were 4.3% and 3.0%, respectively. All cardiac defects in the study group were mild: ventricular septal defect (6), bicuspid aortic valve (1) and right superior vena cava to coronary sinus (1). CONCLUSIONS: Newborns exposed in utero to SSRIs, have a twofold higher risk of mild nonsyndromic heart defects than unexposed infants. The data suggest that women who require SSRI treatment during pregnancy can be reassured that the fetal risk is low and possible cardiac malformations will probably be mild. Late‐targeted ultrasound and fetal echocardiography at 22 to 23 weeks' gestation are recommended in this patient group. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
First report of an antifungal amidase from Peltophorum ptercoarpum
Authors: Lam Sze Kwan , Ng Tzi Bun 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA 60 kDa antifungal amidase was purified from Peltophorum ptercoarpum seeds using an isolation procedure that entailed ion‐exchange chromatography on Q‐Sepharose, ion‐exchange chromatography on DEAE‐cellulose and FPLC–gel filtration on Superdex 75. Unlike most other antifungal proteins isolated previously, it was adsorbed on Q‐Sepharose and DEAE‐cellulose. The isolated protein, designated as peltopterin, exhibited an N‐terminal amino acid sequence closely resembling those of amidases. It exhibited amidase activity and digested iodoacetamide with an optimum pH and temperature at pH 9 and 50°C, respectively. It also hydrolyzed acrylamide and urea. It impeded mycelial growth in Rhizotonia solani with an IC50 of 0.65 μm. Chitin deposition at hyphal tips in R. solani was observed by staining with Congo red after incubation with peltopterin. Its antifungal activity was stable throughout pH 0–14 and 25–100°C. It potently inhibited HIV‐1 reverse transcriptase with an IC50 of 27 nm. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of dimethyl sulfoxide and dimethyl sulfone in urine by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry after preparation using 2,2‐dimethoxypropane
Authors: Takeuchi Akito , Yamamoto Shinobu , Narai Rie , Nishida Manami , Yashiki Mikio , Sakui Norihiro , Namera Akira 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA method for routinely determination of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and dimethyl sulfone (DMSO2) in human urine was developed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The urine sample was treated with 2,2‐dimethoxypropane (DMP) and hydrochloric acid for efficient removal of water, which causes degradation of the vacuum level in mass spectrometer and shortens the life‐time of the column. Experimental DMP reaction parameters, such as hydrochloric acid concentration, DMP–urine ratio, reaction temperature and reaction time, were optimized for urine. Hexadeuterated DMSO was used as an internal standard. The recoveries of DMSO and DMSO2from urine were 97–104 and 98–116%, respectively. The calibration curves showed linearity in the range of 0.15–54.45 mg/L for DMSO and 0.19–50.10 mg/L for DMSO2. The limits of detection of DMSO and DMSO2were 0.04 and 0.06 mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviations of intra‐day and inter‐day were 0.2–3.4% for DMSO and 0.4–2.4% for DMSO2. The proposed method may be useful for the biological monitoring of workers exposed to DMSO in their occupational environment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination of bencycloquidium bromide in dog plasma by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Jiang Bo , Ruan Zourong , Lou Honggang , Dong Xinwei , Xie Qiangmin 
Published: August 2009

AbstractA rapid, selective and sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for determining bencycloquidium bromide (BCQB) in beagle dog plasma. The plasma sample was deproteinized with methanol which contained l‐ethyl‐bencycloquidium bromide as internal standard, and supernantant was assayed by LC‐MS/MS. The chromatographic separation was performed on a Phenomenex C18 column (100 × 2.0 mm, i.d., 3.0 μm) with a gradient programme mobile phase consisting of methanol and ammonium acetate (5 mm) containing 0.15% acetic acid and at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Electrospray ionization in positive ion mode and selective reaction monitoring was used for the quantification of BCQB with a monitored transitions m/z 330.2 → 142.1 for BCQB and m/z 344.2 → 126.2 for IS. Validation results indicated that the lower limit of quantification was 0.05 ng/mL and the assay exhibited a linear range of 0.05–10.0 ng/mL and gave a correlation coefficient of 0.9998. The intra‐ and inter‐run precisions of the assay were 1.7–4.6 and 3.2–15.6%, respectively, and the intra‐ and inter‐day accuracies were −8.8 to 1.1 and −5.0 to 4.6%, respectively. The developed method was applied for the pharmacokinetic study of BCQB in beagle dogs following a single intranasal dose. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating variables and mechanisms that influence protein integrity in low water content amorphous carbohydrate matrices
Authors: Povey Jane F. , Perez‐Moral Natalia , Noel Timothy R. , Parker Roger , Howard Mark J. , Smales C. Mark 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBiopharmaceutical proteins are often formulated and freeze dried in agents that protect them from deleterious reactions that can compromise activity and authenticity. Although such approaches are widely used, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms of protein stabilization in low water content amorphous glasses is lacking. Further, whilst deterioration chemistries are well described in dilute solution, relatively little is known about the extent and mechanisms by which protein integrity is compromised in the glassy state. Here we have investigated the relationship between protein modification and rate thereof, with variation of pH, carbohydrate excipient, temperature and the glass transition temperature using a model protein, lysozyme. Mass spectrometry analysis and peptide mapping confirm that protein modifications do occur in the glassy state in a time‐, temperature‐, and carbohydrate excipient‐dependent manner. There were clear trends between the buffer pH and the primary modification detected (glycation). Most importantly, there were differences in the apparent reactivities of the lysine residues in the glass compared with those previously determined in solution, and therefore, the well‐characterized solution reactivity of this reaction cannot be used to predict likely sites of modification in the glassy state. These findings have implications for (i) the selection and combinations of formulation components, particularly with regard to glycation in the glassy state, and (ii) the design of procedures and methodologies for the improvement of protein stability in the glassy state. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Concanavalin a affinity chromatography for efficient baculovirus purification
Authors: Chen Guan‐Yu , Chen Chi‐Yuan , Chang Margaret Dah‐Tsyr , Matsuura Yoshiharu , Hu Yu‐Chen 
Published: August 2009

AbstractBaculovirus has emerged as a novel gene delivery and vaccine vector, and the demand for purified baculovirus is rising due to the increasing in vivo applications. Since the baculoviral envelope protein gp64 is a glycoprotein, we aimed to develop a concanavalin A (Con A) chromatography process, which harnessed the possible affinity interaction between gp64 and Con A, for simple and effective baculovirus purification. Throughout the purification process the virus stability and recovery were assessed by quantifying the virus transducing titers [TT, defined as transducing units (TU) per milliliter] and viral particles (VP). We found that baculovirus stability was sensitive to buffer conditions and diafiltration with a tangential flow filtration system LabScale using 300 K membranes yielded recoveries of ≈75% in TT and 82% in VP. The diafiltered baculovirus strongly bound to the Con A column as evidenced by the low virus losses to the flow through and wash fractions. The wash steps eliminated >99% of protein impurities and elution with 0.6 M α‐D‐methylmannoside at room temperature led to the recoveries of ≈16% in VP and ≈15.3% in TU. The resultant VP/TU ratio was as low as 41.4, attesting the high quality of the purified virus. Further elution with 1 M α‐D‐methylmannoside recovered another 6% virus TU, yielding a cumulative recovery of ≈21.3% in TU. These data demonstrated for the first time that Con A chromatography is suitable for baculovirus purification, and may be used for the purification of other viruses with surface glycoproteins. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Growth behavior of number distributed adherent MDCK cells for optimization in microcarrier cultures
Authors: Bock Andreas , Sann Heiner , Schulze‐Horsel Josef , Genzel Yvonne , Reichl Udo , Möhler Lars 
Published: August 2009

AbstractAn assay for measuring the number of adherent cells on microcarriers that is independent from dilution errors in sample preparation was used to investigate attachment dynamics and cell growth. It could be shown that the recovery of seeded cells is a function of the specific rates of cell attachment and cell death, and finally a function of the initial cell‐to‐bead ratio. An unstructured, segregated population balance model was developed that considers individual classes of microcarriers covered by 1–220 cells/bead. The model describes the distribution of initially attached cells and their growth in a microcarrier system. The model distinguishes between subpopulations of dividing and nondividing cells and describes in a detailed way cell attachment, cell growth, density‐dependent growth inhibition, and basic metabolism of Madin‐Darby canine kidney cells used in influenza vaccine manufacturing. To obtain a model approach that is suitable for process control applications, a reduced growth model without cell subpopulations, but with a formulation of the specific cell growth rate as a function of the initial cell distribution on microcarriers after seeding was developed. With both model approaches, the fraction of growth‐inhibited cells could be predicted. Simulation results of two cultivations with a different number of initially seeded cells showed that the growth kinetics of adherent cells at the given cultivation conditions is mainly determined by the range of disparity in the initial distribution of cells on microcarriers after attachment. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009
Characterization and comparison of adipose tissue‐derived cells from human subcutaneous and omental adipose tissues
Authors: Toyoda Mito , Matsubara Yoshinori , Lin Konghua , Sugimachi Keizou , Furue Masutaka 
Published: August 2009

AbstractDifferent fat depots contribute differently to disease and function. These differences may be due to the regional variation in cell types and inherent properties of fat cell progenitors. To address the differences of cell types in the adipose tissue from different depots, the phenotypes of freshly isolated adipose tissue‐derived cells (ATDCs) from subcutaneous (SC) and omental (OM) adipose tissues were compared using flow cytometry. Our results showed that CD31−CD34+CD45−CD90‐CD105−CD146+ population, containing vascular smooth muscle cells and pericytes, was specifically defined in the SC adipose tissue while no such population was observed in OM adipose tissue. On the other hand, CD31−CD34+CD45−CD90−CD105−CD146− population, which is an undefined cell population, were found solely in OM adipose tissue. Overall, the SC adipose tissue contained more ATDCs than OM adipose tissue, while OM adipose tissue contained more blood‐derived cells. Regarding to the inherent properties of fat cell progenitors from the two depots, adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) from SC had higher capacity to differentiate into both adipogenic and osteogenic lineages than those from OM, regardless of that the proliferation rates of ADSCs from both depots were similar. The higher differentiation capacity of ADSCs from SC adipose tissue suggests that SC tissue is more suitable cell source for regenerative medicine than OM adipose tissue. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multicolour Self‐Assembled Fluorene Co‐Oligomers: From Molecules to the Solid State via White‐Light‐Emitting Organogels
Authors: Abbel Robert , van der Weegen Rob , Pisula Wojciech , Surin Mathieu , Leclère Philippe , Lazzaroni Roberto , Meijer E. W. , Schenning Albertus P. H. J. 
Published: August 2009

AbstractFive fluorene‐based co‐oligomers have been prepared to study their self‐assembly in a wide range of concentrations, from dilute solutions to the solid state. Subtle changes to the chemical structures, introduced to tune the emission colours over the entire visible range, induce strong differences in aggregation behaviour. Only two of the fluorescent co‐oligomer derivatives self‐assemble to form soluble fibrils from which fluorescent organogels emerge at higher concentrations. In contrast, the other compounds form precipitates. Mixed fluorescent co‐oligomer systems exhibit partial energy transfer, which allows the creation of white‐light‐emitting gels. Finally, a mechanism for the hierarchical self‐assembly of this class of materials is proposed based on experimental results and molecular modelling calculations.
The Asymmetric Aza‐Claisen Rearrangement: Development of Widely Applicable Pentaphenylferrocenyl Palladacycle Catalysts
Authors: Fischer Daniel F. , Barakat Assem , Xin Zhuo‐qun , Weiss Matthias E. , Peters René 
Published: August 2009

AbstractSystematic studies have been performed to develop highly efficient catalysts for the asymmetric aza‐Claisen rearrangement of trihaloacetimidates. Herein, we describe the stepwise development of these catalyst systems involving four different catalyst generations finally resulting in the development of a planar chiral pentaphenylferrocenyl oxazoline palladacycle. This complex is more reactive and has a broader substrate tolerance than all previously known catalyst systems for asymmetric aza‐Claisen rearrangements. Our investigations also reveal that subtle changes can have a big impact on the activity. With the enhanced catalyst activity, the asymmetric aza‐Claisen rearrangement has a very broad scope: the methodology not only allows the formation of highly enantioenriched primary allylic amines, but also secondary and tertiary amines; allylic amines with N‐substituted quaternary stereocenters are conveniently accessible as well. The reaction conditions tolerate many important functional groups, thus providing stereoselective access to valuable functionalized building blocks, for example, for the synthesis of unnatural amino acids. Our results suggest that face‐selective olefin coordination is the enantioselectivity‐determining step, which is almost exclusively controlled by the element of planar chirality.