bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GHOSTWRITING FOR PERFORMANCE: Third Angel's The Lad Lit Project
Authors: Kelly Alexander 
Published: July 2009

Exploring the research, devising and writing processes of Third Angel's theatre piece The Lad Lit Project: a one-man show, devised and written by over 40 people. I asked men, What would you call the chapters in the unwritten book of your life story? My friend Annie says, What
I like about it most is that I can see the ghosts of the other men on stage the men who aren't in it.
Recently I've been thinking about The Lad Lit Project as an act of ghostwriting. The Lad Lit Project isn't verbatim theatre. I retell other men's stories in my own words,
to my own ends; casting the audience as the protagonist. They combine to create an (auto)biography made up of chapters from many men's lives; an overall narrative of life experiences that speaks to me. That speaks, I think, for me, somehow. I tell their stories, as your stories, in
order to tell my own.
Specific induction of migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells by RhoC, which differs from RhoA in its localisation and activity
Authors: Dietrich Karin-Almut , Schwarz Rene , Liska Martina , Graß Stefanie , Menke Andre , Meister Michael , Kierschke Gesa , Längle Claudia , Genze Felicitas , Giehl Klaudia 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
RhoA and RhoC are highly related Rho GTPases, but differentially control cellular behaviour. We combined molecular, cellular, and biochemical experiments to characterise differences between these highly similar GTPases. Our findings demonstrate that enhanced expression of RhoC results in a striking increase in the migration and invasion of pancreatic carcinoma cells, whereas forced expression of RhoA decreases these actions. These isoform-specific functions correlate with differences in the cellular activity of RhoA and RhoC in human cells, with RhoC being more active than RhoA in activity assays and serum-response factor-dependent gene transcription. Subcellular localisation studies revealed that RhoC is predominantly localised in the membrane-containing fraction, whereas RhoA is mainly localised in the cytoplasmic fraction. These differences are not mediated by a different interaction with RhoGDIs. In vitro GTP/GDP binding analyses demonstrate different affinity of RhoC for GTP[S] and faster intrinsic and guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF)-stimulated GDP/GTP exchange rates compared to RhoA. Moreover, the catalytic domains of SopE and Dbs are efficacious GEFs for RhoC. mRNA expression of RhoC is markedly enhanced in advanced pancreatic cancer stages, and thus the differences discovered between RhoA and RhoC might provide explanations for their different influences on cell migration and tumour invasion.
Autoregulatory control of the p53 response by Siah-1L-mediated HIPK2 degradation
Authors: Calzado Marco A. , de la Vega Laureano , Muñoz Eduardo , Schmitz M. Lienhard 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
The different activities of the tumor suppressor p53 are tightly regulated by various negative and positive feedback loops, which allow accurate control of its function. Here we show that the p53-inducible ubiquitin E3 ligase Siah-1L can bind to the p53 phosphorylating kinase HIPK2 and thus allows its ubiquitination and proteasomal elimination. Siah-1L also eliminates the HIPK family member HIPK3, indicating that its activity is not restricted to one member of the HIPK family. The stimulating effect of HIPK2 on p53-triggered transcription is counteracted by Siah-1L, thus showing the occurrence of another negative feedback loop controlling the p53 response.
Structural analysis of the choline-binding protein ChoX in a semi-closed and ligand-free conformation
Authors: Oswald Christine , Smits Sander H.J. , Höing Marina , Bremer Erhard , Schmitt Lutz 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
The periplasmic ligand-binding protein ChoX is part of the ABC transport system ChoVWX that imports choline as a nutrient into the soil bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti. We have recently reported the crystal structures of ChoX in complex with its ligands choline and acetylcholine and the structure of a fully closed but substrate-free state of ChoX. This latter structure revealed an architecture of the ligand-binding site that is superimposable to the closed, ligand-bound form of ChoX. We report here the crystal structure of ChoX in an unusual, ligand-free conformation that represents a semi-closed form of ChoX. The analysis revealed a subdomain movement in the N-lobe of ChoX. Comparison with the two well-characterized substrate binding proteins, MBP and HisJ, suggests the presence of a similar subdomain in these proteins.
Cellular plasticity of the pancreas
Authors: Baeyens Luc , Bouwens Luc 
Published: July 2009

AbstractCell replacement therapy holds promises for treatment of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus. When determining the appropriate strategies to amplify the amount of transplantable β-cells, sufficient knowledge of the developmental programs regulating β-cell differentiation is crucial. Here, we describe the plasticity of the different pancreatic cell typesin vivoandin vitroand their potential to serve as β-cell progenitor.
Hepatic differentiation of pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Loya Komal , Eggenschwiler Reto , Ko Kinarm , Sgodda Malte , André Francoise , Bleidißel Martina , Schöler Hans R. , Cantz Tobias 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
In regenerative medicine pluripotent stem cells are considered to be a valuable self-renewing source for therapeutic cell transplantations, given that a functional organ-specific phenotype can be acquired by in vitro differentiation protocols. Furthermore, derivatives of pluripotent stem cells that mimic fetal progenitor stages could serve as an important tool to analyze organ development with in vitro approaches. Because of ethical issues regarding the generation of human embryonic stem (ES) cells, other sources for pluripotent stem cells are intensively studied. Like in less developed vertebrates, pluripotent stem cells can be generated from the female germline even in mammals, via parthenogenetic activation of oocytes. Recently, testis-derived pluripotent stem cells were derived from the male germline. Therefore, we compared two different hepatic differentiation approaches and analyzed the generation of definitive endoderm progenitor cells and their further maturation into a hepatic phenotype using murine parthenogenetic ES cells, germline-derived pluripotent stem cells, and ES cells. Applying quantitative RT-PCR, both germline-derived pluripotent cell lines show similar differentiation capabilities as normal murine ES cells and can be considered an alternative source for pluripotent stem cells in regenerative medicine.
Extrapositionen mit es im gesprochenen Deutsch
Authors: Günthner Susanne 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Based on a corpus of conversational German, I will show that the standard view of extrapositions with es (‘it’) as bi–clausal sentence patterns cannot be supported by actual data from spoken interactions.
In spoken interactions, speakers make use of extrapositions with es as bipartite constructions, with the first part (“segment A”) functioning as a projector phrase, anticipating and framing the upcoming utterance (“segment B”). Segment A has a relatively fixed structure; it is sedimented as an evaluative, epistemic or evidential framing device, primarily serving pragmatic functions in projecting ‘more to come’. Segment B can take various forms in spoken interactions, depending on interactional contingencies. Instead of a simple clause, segment B generally extends over several turn construction units as well as prosodic units.
Furthermore, everyday uses of it-extrapositions in German show striking parallels to related constructions, such as “es ist so” (‘it is such’) patterns as well as “ADJ, dass” (‘ADJ, that’) patterns (“klar, dass er es schafft!” ‘obvious, that he'll make it!’). These also consist of a projective evaluative, epistemic or evidential phrase, framing a (mostly) complex discourse segment.
The analysis will show how a grammatical construction changes its nature when it is examined from the perspective of everyday usage in spoken interaction.
Sprachvariation im 18. Jahrhundert. Die Briefe der Familie Mozart Teil I
Authors: Reiffenstein Ingo 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
In the second half of the eighteenth century, a far-reaching change took place in the language of Southern Germany and Austria. This change from the traditional baroque Upper German written language [oberdeutsche Schreibsprache] to modern High German occurred not only in the language of printing, but also in private letters. One result of this transition is a broad variety of linguistic forms. The extensive correspondence between members of the Mozart family (father, mother, daughter, son) is an extremely useful object for the investigation of this language variation.
After a series of introductory sections, the usage of written language by the different members of the family will be analyzed in part one of this paper. The range of variety reaches from Leopold Mozart's modern, educated German to the traditional, partly colloquial language of Mozart's mother. A separate chapter deals with W. A. Mozart's creative use of language (and varieties), his fancy for artificial jokes und word play [Sprachspiele]. Part two deals with the question of what we can learn from the written language of the letters about how the Mozarts spoke with each other and with other members of their society.
Valenztheorie und Konstruktionsgrammatik
Authors: Welke Klaus 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
In a lexeme based syntactic theory (e. g., valency theory) fusion of constructions and heads (e. g., verbs) is licensed by the head of the construction. In construction grammar fusion is regarded as a process from the perspective of the construction. An important argument for this view is the existence of constructions that are not licensed by the lexical entry of the verb. Types of constructions motivating this approach are constructions with free datives in German and resultative constructions (constructions with directives or predicatives). The occurrence of this kind of constructions demands an expansion and a revision of current assumptions in valency theory and lexeme based theories in general. (1) It is necessary to add processes of coercion by means of pragmatic implicatures. (2) These coercions take place on the basis of existing constructional patterns built with verbs already fitting these constructions. (3) The non-licensed free datives, directives, and object predicatives are arguments. As arguments they are not captured by the valency criteria of complements versus adjuncts (arguments versus modifiers). The widespread postulate of invariance has to be abandoned in favour of a dynamic kind of prototypicality.
Die Konzeptualisierung des Sprachraums als Teil des regionalsprachlichen Wissens
Authors: Lameli Alfred 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
This study deals with the conceptualization of language distribution in space. Based on an examination of two generations, parallels and differences in the localization of active knowledge become apparent. Further, parallels and differences in the localization of speech samples are also demonstrated. The results show not only that 16-year-old pupils possess distinctive knowledge about language in space, but also that the conceptualization of dialects may dependent on specific stimuli. Obviously, knowledge about dialects is connected to individual experience. But at the same time it is indicated that the media, widely held responsible for the disappearance of dialects, have, at least in part, generated new regional knowledge.
Using X-Ray Absorption to Assess Moisture Movement in Cement-Based Materials
Authors: Sant Gaurav , Weiss Jason 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
This paper discusses the use of x-ray absorption as a technique for measuring fluid transport in cementitious systems. First, the paper describes how a material’s x-ray attenuation spectrum can be combined with composite modeling concepts to determine the extent of moisture movement (wetting or drying) that can be measured in cementitious systems. Second, the paper discusses the influence of beam power (voltage and current) and camera integration time on the variation in the measured x-ray intensity. Third, the paper discusses two devices for measuring the transmitted x-ray intensity (camera and detector) to describe differences in their measurements and resolution. Finally, a demonstration is provided to show how x-ray absorption can be used to detect moisture ingress and determine the transport properties of the material under evaluation.
Adiabatic Compression Testing—Part II: Background and Approach to Estimating Severity of Test Methodology
Authors: Newton Barry E. , Chiffoleau Gwenael J. A. , Steinberg Ted , Binder Christian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAdiabatic compression testing of components in gaseous oxygen is a test method that is utilized worldwide and is commonly required to qualify a component for ignition tolerance under its intended service. This testing is required by many industry standards organizations and government agencies; however, a thorough evaluation of the test parameters and test system influences on the thermal energy produced during the test has not yet been performed. This paper presents a background for adiabatic compression testing and discusses an approach to estimating potential differences in the thermal profiles produced by different test laboratories. A “thermal profile test fixture” (TPTF) is described that is capable of measuring and characterizing the thermal energy for a typical pressure shock by any test system. The test systems at Wendell Hull and Associates, Inc., in the United States and at the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing in Germany are compared in this manner and some of the data obtained are presented. The paper also introduces a new way of comparing the test method to idealized processes to perform system-by-system comparisons. Thus, the paper introduces an “idealized severity index” (ISI) of the thermal energy to characterize a rapid pressure surge. From the TPTF data a “test severity index” can also be calculated so that the thermal energies developed by different test systems can be compared to each other and to the ISI for the equivalent isentropic process. Finally, a “service severity index” is introduced to characterize the thermal energy of actual service conditions. This paper is the second in a series of publications planned on the subject of adiabatic compression testing.
Probabilistic ecological hazard assessment of parabens using Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas
Authors: Dobbins Laura L. , Usenko Sascha , Brain Richard A. , Brooks Bryan W. 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Parabens are common antimicrobial agents found in thousands of pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Parabens are introduced into aquatic ecosystems from wastewater treatment plant effluents and have been detected in surface waters in the low microgram per liter range. Although these compounds display low toxicity in mammals, paraben toxicity to aquatic organisms has not been investigated. Standardized acute and subchronic endpoints in larval fish (Pimephales promelas) and cladoceran (Daphnia magna) models were examined for seven different parabens (methyl-, ethyl-, isopropyl-, propyl-, isobutyl-, butyl-, benzylparaben), which encompassed a range of log P values. Paraben 48 h median lethal concentration values (LC50) ranged from 4.0 to 24.6 mg/L in D. magna and 3.3 to &gt; 160.0 mg/L in fathead minnow. Growth and reproduction in D. magna had lowest-observed-effect concentrations (LOECs) ranging from 0.12 to 9.0 mg/L and 1.5 to 6.0 mg/L, respectively. Fathead minnow growth was adversely affected at levels ranging from 1.0 to 25.0 mg/L. Aquatic toxicity of the parabens was inversely related to lipophilicity, suggesting that responses using standardized endpoints resulted from narcosis. Utilizing toxicity benchmark concentrations (e.g., LC50s, LOECs) for each compound, chemical toxicity distributions, a probabilistic hazard assessment technique, were developed to assess the probabilities of detecting parabens that elicit a response at or below a given concentration. For the responses assessed in the present study, the 5th centile values (the concentration at which 5% of parabens elicit a response) ranged from 15 μL to 2.43 mg/L, with D. magna growth eliciting the lowest 5th centile value and acute D. magna mortality eliciting the highest. The distributions demonstrated that at environmentally relevant concentrations in developed countries there is limited acute or subchronic aquatic hazard of parabens to the organisms and responses examined.
Modeling zinc regulation in small mammals
Authors: Loos Mark , Ragas Ad M. J. , Tramper Julian J. , Hendriks A. Jan 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
Due to large zinc discharges into the global environment, both terrestrial and aquatic environments have been polluted with zinc. The embanked floodplains of the lower Rhine River in the Netherlands contain large amounts of heavy metals, including zinc. These large amounts of heavy metals may pose risks to flora and fauna by accumulation in food webs, and risk assessment may be required. However, toxicokinetic models for zinc metabolism in mammalian wildlife species are currently lacking. The present study describes the development of a zinc kinetics model that predicts internal zinc concentrations in small mammals by modeling zinc absorption and excretion dependent on the dietary zinc intake using adapted Michaelis-Menten equations. The equations were parameterized based on experimental data reported in the scientific literature. Within the dietary zinc range of 3 to 104 mg/kg dry weight, the model predicts internal zinc concentrations and shows that the internal zinc is regulated within this range. Outside this range, the model could not be calibrated due to a lack of data. Validation of the model with four small mammal species living in an embanked floodplain along a distributary of the Rhine River illustrated that the model predicts internal zinc concentrations differing up to a factor of 1.6 (Common shrew) to 1.7 (Common vole) from field measurements.
A decision-analysis approach for contaminated dredged material management in South Korea
Authors: Hong Gi Hoon , Kim Suk Hyun , Suedel Burton C , Clarke Joan U , Kim Jongbum 
Published: July 2009

Abstract
To meet London Protocol requirements, South Korea is preparing to reduce the need for disposal of dredged material at sea. The new requirements controlling ocean disposal of dredged material pose significant challenges to the South Korean government, because the previous practice of offshore disposal of contaminated dredged material is no longer permitted. Hence, other alternatives for treating and disposing of contaminated dredged material are being evaluated and selected for implementation. A new management and decision approach is therefore needed for regulators and implementers to show what information and what decision-making processes were used to make the decision, to increase administrative transparency for such projects in the public domain. To address this need, an iterative approach was developed for dredged material management that includes the essential elements of process, people, and tools needed for successful environmental decision making. The approach has 6 steps: problem definition, developing objectives and criteria, identifying alternatives, performing the evaluation, comparing alternatives, and selecting the preferred alternative. The primary objective of the approach is to provide a systematic means of exploring contaminated dredged material management alternatives in South Korea using criteria that integrate risk with economic and stakeholder value information. The approach incorporates the desired decision-making attributes of transparency, comparative analysis, and inclusion of public input. Although it was developed for South Korea, the approach can be applied in any situation in which dredged material management alternatives are being considered to manage contaminated sediment risks. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2010; 6:72–82. © 2009 SETAC
Evaluation of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Healing With Hyperspectral Imaging of Oxyhemoglobin and Deoxyhemoglobin
Authors: Nouvong Aksone , Hoogwerf Byron , Mohler Emile , Davis Brian , Tajaddini Azita , Medenilla Elizabeth 
Published: July 2009

OBJECTIVE
Foot ulceration remains a major health problem for diabetic patients and has a major impact on the cost of diabetes treatment. We tested a hyperspectral imaging technology that quantifies cutaneous tissue hemoglobin oxygenation and generated anatomically relevant tissue oxygenation maps to assess the healing potential of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A prospective single-arm blinded study was completed in which 66 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes were enrolled and followed over a 24-week period. Clinical, medical, and diabetes histories were collected. Transcutaneous oxygen tension was measured at the ankles. Superficial tissue oxyhemoglobin (oxy) and deoxyhemoglobin (deoxy) were measured with hyperspectral imaging from intact tissue bordering the ulcer. A healing index derived from oxy and deoxy values was used to assess the potential for healing.

RESULTS
Fifty-four patients with 73 ulcers completed the study; at 24 weeks, 54 ulcers healed while 19 ulcers did not heal. When using the healing index to predict healing, the sensitivity was 80% (43 of 54), the specificity was 74% (14 of 19), and the positive predictive value was 90% (43 of 48). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values increased to 86, 88, and 96%, respectively, when removing three false-positive osteomyelitis cases and four false-negative cases due to measurements on a callus. The results indicate that cutaneous tissue oxygenation correlates with wound healing in diabetic patients.

CONCLUSIONS
Hyperspectral imaging of tissue oxy and deoxy may predict the healing of DFUs with high sensitivity and specificity based on information obtained from a single visit.