bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial Chromatin-Remodeling Enzymes Regulate the Production of Critical ECM Components During Murine Lung Development
Authors: Wu Meng-Ling , Wheeler Kate , Silasi Robert , Lupu Florea , Griffin Courtney T. 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND:
The chromatin-remodeling enzymes BRG1 (brahma-related gene 1) and CHD4 (chromodomain helicase DNA-binding protein 4) independently regulate the transcription of genes critical for vascular development, but their coordinated impact on vessels in late-stage embryos has not been explored.

METHODS:

In this study, we genetically deleted endothelial
Brg1
and
Chd4
in mixed background mice (
Brg1

fl/fl

;Chd4

fl/fl

;VE-Cadherin-Cre
), and littermates that were negative for Cre recombinase were used as controls. Tissues were analyzed by immunostaining, immunoblot, and flow cytometry. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to determine gene expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed gene targets of BRG1 and CHD4 in cultured endothelial cells.

RESULTS:

We found
Brg1/Chd4
double mutants grew normally but died soon after birth with small and compact lungs. Despite having normal cellular composition, distal air sacs of the mutant lungs displayed diminished ECM (extracellular matrix) components and TGFβ (transforming growth factor-β) signaling, which typically promotes ECM synthesis. Transcripts for collagen- and elastin-related genes and the TGFβ ligand
Tgfb1
were decreased in mutant lung endothelial cells, but genetic deletion of endothelial
Tgfb1
failed to recapitulate the small lungs and ECM defects seen in
Brg1/Chd4
mutants. We instead found several ECM genes to be direct targets of BRG1 and CHD4 in cultured endothelial cells.

CONCLUSIONS:
Collectively, our data highlight essential roles for endothelial chromatin-remodeling enzymes in promoting ECM deposition in the distal lung tissue during the saccular stage of embryonic lung development.
‘Buddhism(s) for this World’ and ‘Engaged Buddhism’: Some Key Differences
Authors: Laliberté André 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article highlights the key differences between two approaches to Buddhism adopted worldwide, ‘Buddhism(s) for this World’ and ‘Engaged Buddhism.’ Although these two terms seem interchangeable, the article presents some differences arising from specific historical circumstances. While the former originated in a reform movement within Chinese Buddhism at the beginning of the twentieth century, the second one, which emerged later, encompasses a much wider variety of Buddhist movements. While ‘Buddhism(s) for this world’ started as a reformist movement, it has become in some cases the vehicle of nationalism. Meanwhile, ‘Engaged Buddhism,’ a somewhat more diverse movement indirectly inspired by his predecessor, has embraced many social justice causes but struggles to institutionalize. The article presents the geopolitical context of international rivalry in which these two trends seek to affirm their respective perspectives.
The Great Spirit of Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
Authors: Thepa Phramaha Chakrapol Acharashubho 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, renowned as the chief architect of the Indian Constitution and a tireless advocate for social justice, has left an enduring impact on India’s socio-political landscape. This research essay delves into the multifaceted spirit of Ambedkar, emphasizing his profound engagement with Buddhism and the emergence of Neo-Buddhism as a potent catalyst for social transformation. His conversion to Buddhism symbolized a resolute renunciation of the entrenched caste hierarchy, heralding an embrace of the Buddha’s teachings that exalted the fundamental interconnectedness of all sentient beings. This underlines his steadfast belief in Buddhism as an antidote to the deeply ingrained caste system, marking his unwavering dedication to bestow a renewed spiritual identity upon the marginalized. Ambedkar’s profound reinterpretation of Buddhist philosophy, with a focus on its social dimensions and ethical code, exemplifies his spirit of adapting Buddhism to the contemporary struggles of the oppressed.
Examination of the Cultural Awareness Scale for Border Crossers
Authors: ZHAO Shizhe , OZEKI Miki , TANAKA Tomoko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Previous studies suggested that long-term Chinese residents living in Japan, instead of identifying as Japanese or Chinese, may have a “superordinate orientation” not characterized by nationality. This study developed a scale to measure cultural awareness of border crossers and evaluated its reliability and validity. To confirm the scale’s reliability, we conducted two online surveys of adult Chinese who had lived in Japan for at least three years at the time of the survey. A 45-item scale was created based on the interview results. The same items were used in both surveys. An exploratory factor analysis (maximum likelihood method, promax rotation) was performed on the valid responses to the first survey. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on the valid responses to the second survey. The results showed that the Cultural Awareness Scale for Border Crossers has acceptable reliability and validity.
Radar Signatures Associated with Quasi-Linear Convective System Mesovortices
Authors: Kuster Charles M. , Sherburn Keith D. , Mahale Vivek N. , Schuur Terry J. , McCauley Olivia F. , Schaumann Jason S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recent operationally driven research has generated a framework, known as the three ingredients method and mesovortex warning system, that can help forecasters anticipate mesovortex development and issue warnings within quasi-linear convective systems (QLCSs). However, dual-polarization radar data has not yet been incorporated into this framework. Therefore, several dual- and single-polarization radar signatures associated with QLCS mesovortices were analyzed to determine if they could provide additional information about mesovortex development and intensity. An analysis of 167 mesovortices showed that 1) KDP drops precede ∼95% of mesovortices and provide an initial indication of where a mesovortex may develop; 2) midlevel KDP cores are a potentially useful precursor signature because they precede a majority of mesovortices and have higher magnitudes for mesovortices that produce wind damage or tornadoes; 3) low-level KDP cores and areas of enhanced spectrum width have higher magnitudes for mesovortices that produce wind damage or tornadoes but tend to develop at about the same time as the mesovortex, which makes them more useful as diagnostic than as predictive signatures; and 4) as range from the radar increases, the radar signatures become less useful in anticipating mesovortex intensity but can still be used to anticipate mesovortex development or build confidence in mesovortex existence.

Significance Statement
The purpose of this study is to look at weather radar features that might help forecasters predict the development and intensity of tornadoes and strong winds within linear thunderstorm systems. Our results show that the intensity and trends of some radar features are helpful in showing when these hazards might develop and how strong they might be, while other radar features are less helpful. This information can help forecasters focus on the most useful radar features and ultimately provide the best possible warnings.
Narcotic Consumption Analysis among Severely Injured and Advanced Aged Trauma Patients
Authors: Minner Nicholas G. , Steiniger Jacob , Lombardozzi Siena C. , Biester Joel M. L. , Mentzer Caleb J. , Morrow Charles E. , Mount Michael G. , Thurston Brian C. , Compton Barri S. , Steed Robert , Frye Sarah W. , Mack T. J. , Lombardozzi Kristine A. 
Published: June 2024

Background Multimodal pain management has been shown to be effective in treating pain in acutely injured trauma patients. Our community-based, level 1 trauma center previously published in 2022 the efficacy of implementing multimodal pain control (MMPC) protocol in our inpatient trauma population which decreased the use of opioids while maintaining similar pain control. The MMPC group had a trend toward higher age and was significantly less injured. We hypothesize MMPC will reduce opioid consumption in both the advanced aged and more severely injured trauma populations while still providing adequate pain control. Methods Defined by the year of admission, MMPC and physician managed pain control (PMPC) were compared in both advanced age groups and between the severely injured groups. The advanced age group included patients ≥55 years old. The severely injured group included ≥18 years old with ≥15 ISS. Primary outcomes were total opioid utilization per day, calculated in morphine milliequivalents (MME), and median daily pain scores. Results For the severely injured population, the MMPC group showed a 3-fold decrease in opioid use (30 MME/d vs 90.3 MME/d, P < .001) and lower pain scores (5/10 vs 6/10, P < .001) than the PMPC group. In the advance age group, there was no significant difference between MMPC and PMPC groups in opioid use ( P = .974) or pain scores ( P = .553). Conclusion MMPC effectively reduces opioid consumption in a severely injured patient population while simultaneously improving pain control. Advanced age trauma patients can require complex pain management solutions and future research to determine their needs is recommended.
I-FABP protein/mRNA and IL-6 as biomarkers of intestinal barrier dysfunction in neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis and SPF BALB/c mouse models
Authors: Chen Jun , Yan Zheng , Lin Zhibing , Fan Yong , Bao Xuan , Chen Xiaolin , Zheng Airu 
Published: June 2024

Objective Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious intestinal inflammatory disease. We investigated intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), I-FABP mRNA, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) as potential diagnostic biomarkers in NEC. Methods Forty mice were subjected to hypoxic-ischemic intestinal injury, and then serum I-FABP protein and mRNA levels were quantified. Ileal tissue pathological scores were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. I-FABP expression levels and translocation in these tissues were detected using western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. Samples from 30 human neonates with NEC and 30 healthy neonates had serum I-FABP protein/mRNA and IL-6 levels measured. Results The mouse ileal tissue pathological score and I-FABP levels, as well as serum I-FABP and I-FABP mRNA levels, were significantly higher in the model group than in the control group. Serum I-FABP, I-FABP mRNA, and IL-6 levels were significantly higher in human neonates with NEC than in the healthy group. Logistic regression and receiver operating curve analyses revealed that I-FABP protein/mRNA and IL-6 levels could be diagnostic biomarkers for NEC. Conclusions I-FABP protein/mRNA and IL-6 levels are useful biomarkers of intestinal ischemic injury in neonates with NEC. The combined detection of I-FABP protein/mRNA and IL-6 is recommended rather than using a single biomarker.
Competitive Risk Analysis of Prognosis in Older Adults with Sigmoid Colon Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Du Ruofei , Guo Jiayu , Li Jing , Lyu Jun , Lyu Li 
Published: June 2024

Background The purpose of this study is to employ a competing risk model based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to identify prognostic factors for elderly individuals with sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma (SCA) and compare them with the classic Cox proportional hazards model. Methods We extracted data from elderly patients diagnosed with SCA registered in the SEER database between 2010 and 2015. Univariate analysis was conducted using cumulative incidence functions and Gray’s test, while multivariate analysis was performed using both the Fine-Gray and Cox proportional hazards models. Results Among the 10,712 eligible elderly patients diagnosed with SCA, 5595 individuals passed away: 2987 due to sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma and 2608 from other causes. The results of one-way Gray’s test showed that age, race, marital status, AJCC stage, differentiation grade, tumor size, surgical status, liver metastasis status, lung metastasis status, brain metastasis status, radiotherapy status, and chemotherapy status all affected the prognosis of SCA ( P < .05). Multivariate analysis showed that sex, age, race, marital status, and surgical status affected the prognosis of SCA ( P < .05). Multifactorial Fine-Gray analysis revealed that key factors influencing the prognosis of SCA patients include age, race, marital status, AJCC stage, grade classification, surgical status, tumor size, liver metastasis, lung metastasis, and chemotherapy status ( P < .05). Conclusion Data from the SEER database were used to more accurately estimate CIFs for sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma-specific mortality and prognostic factors using competing risk models.
Epidemiology of stunting in children aged 6–59 months, an unresolved chronic nutritional problem in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abdilahi Sahardiid Ali , Osman Mohamed Omar , Abate Kalkidan Hassen 
Published: June 2024

Background: In developing countries as well as Ethiopia, stunting continues to be a major public health burden. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to synthesize the updated pooled prevalence and its determinants of stunting in Ethiopia. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis follow the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The protocol has been registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, University of York Center for Reviews, and disseminated at https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/ , with the registration number (CRD42024542984). A wide-ranging literature search was carried out using PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Hinari, AJOL, and Google Scholar. All lists of qualified study references from 2013 to 2023 were recovered. The pooled estimate with a 95% CI was calculated using a random-effects model in STATA version 13 software. I2 and meta-bias statistics were used to assess the heterogeneity of the incorporated studies. Results: This study included 29 articles with a total of 23,511 participants from 29 qualified studies. The current study found that the pooled prevalence of stunting among children aged 6–59 months was 43% (95% CI: 42–44). Children who were not exclusively breastfed (OR = 2.39; 95% CI: 1.61–3.54), male children (OR = 1.61; 95% CI: 1.13–2.31), children whose mothers had no antenatal care follow-up (OR = 3.03; 95% CI: 1.36–6.76), and women who had no formal education (OR = 4.55; 95% CI: 2.29–9.05) were significantly associated with stunting. Conclusions: In Ethiopia, nearly half of the children suffer from stunting, with those who are not breastfed, the sex of the child, children whose mothers had no antenatal care follow-up, and had no formal education having higher odds of stunting. To reduce the burden, strategies must be designed to intervene and improve maternal health literacy, focusing on children’s nutrition and health-care utilization.
Wound Closure and Wound Dressings in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery From the AO Spine Surveillance of Post-Operative Management
Authors: Oe Shin , Swamy Ganesh , Gagliardi Martin , Lewis Stephen J. , Kato So , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Lenke Lawrence G. , Matsuyama Yukihiro ,   AO Spine Knowledge Forum Deformity
Published: June 2024

Study Design An e-mail-based online survey for adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgeons. Objective Wound closure and dressing techniques may vary according to the discretion of the surgeon as well as geographical location. However, there are no reports on most common methods. The purpose of this study is to clarify the consensus. Methods An online survey was distributed via email to AO Spine members. Responses from 164 ASD surgeons were surveyed. The regions were divided into 5 regions: Europe and South Africa (ESA), North America (NA), Asia Pacific (AP), Latin America (LA), and Middle East and North Africa (MENA). Wound closure methods were evaluated by glue(G), staples(S), external non-absorbable sutures (ENS), tapes(T), and only subcuticular absorbable suture (SAS). Wound Dressings consisted of dry dressing (D), plastic occlusive dressing (PO), G, Dermabond Prineo (DP). Results The number of respondents were 57 in ESA, 33 in NA, 36 in AP, 22 in LA, and 16 in MENA. S (36.4%) was the most used wound closure method. This was followed by ENS (26.2%), SAS (14.4%), G (11.8%), and T (11.3%). S use was highest in ESA (44.3%), NA (28.6%), AP (31.7%), and MENA (58.8%). D was used by 50% of surgeons postoperatively. AP were most likely to use PO (36%). 21% of NA used DP, while between 0%-9% of surgeons used it in the rest of the world. Conclusion Wound closure and dressings methods differ in the region. There are no current guidelines with these choices. Future studies should seek to standardize these choices.
Association of Spanish as a Primary Language With Retear Rates After Pediatric ACL Reconstruction
Authors: Lau Justin , Garcia-Lopez Edgar , Feeley Brian T. , Pandya Nirav K. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are one of the most common knee injuries in pediatric patients in the United States. The patient's primary spoken language may affect outcomes after ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to identify differences in ACLR outcomes between patients whose primary, preferred spoken language was either English or Spanish. It was hypothesized that there would be a difference in retear rates between patients preferring English versus Spanish. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on pediatric and adolescent patients who underwent ACLR at a single institution. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts based on their preferred spoken language: English or Spanish. All patients underwent either hamstring tendon or bone–patellar tendon–bone autograft ACLR performed by the same surgeon with the same postoperative rehabilitation protocols. Linear regression, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine if outcomes, graft tear, revision surgery, and contralateral injury differed between groups. Results: A total of 68 patients were identified: 33 patients whose preferred language was English and 35 patients whose preferred language was Spanish. The overall mean age of the patients was 16.4 ± 1.4 years (range, 13.2-20.5 years), and the mean follow-up time was 3.26 ± 1.98 years (range, 0.53-8.13 years). Patients who preferred Spanish were more likely than those who preferred English to experience graft tears requiring revision surgery after ACLR ( P = .02; odds ratio [OR] = 5.81; adjusted OR = 1.94), at a tear rate of 14.3%. Conclusion: Patients who preferred to speak Spanish experienced higher graft tear rates when compared with patients who preferred speaking English, even after adjusting for sex, sport played, graft type, type of insurance, and time to surgery.
The context of care as a supporting axis for comfort in a palliative care unit
Authors: Pereira Raquel Alexandra Machado , Sousa Valente Ribeiro Patrícia Cruz Pontífice 
Published: June 2024

Background: The context of care determines and organizes practices through its structures and guiding principles. It is sometimes a space that generates tension and multiple choices, variable in the provision of different care and uncertain in its duration. We can consider that the construction of the comfort process does not only depend on the will of its actors and the situation itself, but is also conditioned by the professional, cultural, and social context in which it is inserted. This article is part of a doctoral study in the field of comfort in a palliative care unit, and these are some of the partial results that emerged. Design: Qualitative study using ethnographic approach. Methods: We conducted semistructured interviews with 18 patients at the end of life and their matched significant family members (18) and 21 health professionals. We also conducted a participant observation of care situations. Results/discussion: The context of action, where meanings and practices are learned, is linked to a certain identity that is related to practical, contextual knowledge, linked to a collective and to a feeling of belonging. The relationship between the various factors that shape the Care Context in the palliative care unit studied, constitute the three domains of this topic, specifically: the integrative and inclusive environment, the conceptions of care, and the inclusive factors of organizational culture. Conclusion: The specific context was determinant as a supporting axis for comfort in this palliative care unit. The context of care, where objects and provisions support the construction of the comfort process as an entity that integrates culture, established conceptions of care, allowing the deepening of knowledge.
Muscle fibre satellite cells are located at a greater distance from capillaries in patients with COPD compared with healthy controls
Authors: Betz Milan W. , De Brandt Jana , Aussieker Thorben , Monsegue Alejandra P. , Houtvast Dion C.J. , Gehlert Sebastian , Verdijk Lex B. , van Loon Luc J.C. , Gosker Harry R. , Langen Ramon J.C. , Derave Wim , Burtin Chris , Spruit Martijn A. , Snijders Tim 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundCOPD is a disease characterised by skeletal muscle dysfunction. A spatial relationship exists between satellite cells and muscle fibre capillaries, which has been suggested to be of major importance for satellite cell function. In the present study we compared the spatial relationship between satellite cells and capillaries in patients with COPD and age-matched healthy older adults.MethodsMuscle biopsies were obtained from thevastus lateralisof n=18 patients with COPD (8 female, 10 male; age 66±5 years, mild-to-severe airflow obstruction) and n=18 age-, sex- and body mass index-matched healthy control adults (8 female, 10 male; age 68±5 years). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess type I/II muscle fibre size, distribution, myonuclear content, satellite cell number and fibre capillarisation. In addition, type I/II muscle fibre satellite cell distance to its nearest capillary was assessed.ResultsThe percentage of type II muscle fibres was significantly greater in patients with COPD (62±10%) compared with controls (50±12%, p<0.05). Muscle fibre capillarisation was significantly lower in patients with COPD compared with controls (p<0.05). While satellite cell content was not different between groups, type I and type II satellite cell distance to its nearest capillary was significantly greater in patients with COPD (type I: 21.3±4.8 µm; type II: 26.7±9.3 µm) compared with controls (type I: 16.1±3.5 µm; type II: 22.7±5.8 µm; p<0.05).ConclusionSatellite cells are located at a greater distance from their nearest capillary in patients with COPD compared with age-matched controls. This increased distance could play a role in impaired satellite cell function in patients with COPD.