bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spectroscopic observation of helium-ion- and hydrogen-catalyzed hydrino transitions
Authors: Mills Randell , Lu Ying , Akhtar Kamran 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Four predictions of Mills’ Grand Unified Theory of Classical Physics (GUTCP) regarding atomic hydrogen undergoing a catalytic reaction with certain atomized elements and ions which resonantly, nonradiatively accept integer multiples of the potential energy of atomic hydrogen, m · 27.2 eV wherein m is an integer, have been confirmed experimentally. Specifically, a catalyst comprises a chemical or physical process with an enthalpy change equal to an integer multiple m of the potential energy of atomic hydrogen, 27.2 eV. For He+
m = 2, due to its ionization reaction to He2+, and two H atoms formed from H2 by collision with a third, hot H can also act as a catalyst with m = 2 for this third H. The product is H(1/p), fractional Rydberg states of atomic hydrogen called “hydrino atoms” wherein n = 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, …, 1/p(p≤137 is an integer) replaces the well-known parameter n = integer in the Rydberg equation for hydrogen excited states. The predictions for the hydrino reaction of (1) pumping of the catalyst excited states, (2) characteristic EUV continuum radiation, (3) fast H, and (4) hydrino products were observed in multiple catalyst-hydrogen plasma systems.
The hypergeneralized Heun equation in quantum field theory in curved space-times
Authors: Batic Davide , Sandoval Manuel 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
We show for the first time the role played by the hypergeneralized Heun equation (HHE) in the context of quantum field theory in curved space-times. More precisely, we find suitable transformations relating the separated radial and angular parts of a massive Dirac equation in the Kerr-Newman-deSitter metric to a HHE.
Series solution of hydromagnetic flow and heat transfer with Hall effect in a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet
Authors: Ayub Muhammad , Zaman Haider , Ahmad Masud 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
We examine the problem of flow and heat transfer in a second grade fluid over a stretching sheet [K. Vajravelu, T. Roper, Int. J. Nonlinear Mech. 34, 1031 (1999)]. The equations considered by Vajravelu and Roper [K. Vajravelu, T. Roper, Int. J. Nonlinear Mech. 34, 1031 (1999)], are found to be incorrect in the literature. In this paper, we not only corrected the equation but found a useful analytic solution to this important problem. We also extended the problem for hydromagnetic flow and heat transfer with Hall effect. The explicit analytic homotopy solution for the velocity field and heat transfer are presented. Graphs for the velocity field, skin friction coefficient, and rate of heat transfer are presented. Tables for the skin friction coefficient and rate of heat transfer are also presented. The convergence of the solution is also properly checked and discussed.
First-principles study of zinc-blende to rocksalt phase transition in BN
Authors: Cui Shouxin , Feng Wenxia , Hu Haiquan , Feng Zhenbao 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
The structural, electronic and elastic properties of the cubic boron nitride (BN) compound are investigated by a first-principle pseudopotential method. The calculations show that the structural phase transition from the zinc-blende(ZB) structure to the rocksalt (RS) structure occurs at a transition pressure of 1088 GPa and with a volume reduction of 3.1%. Both the ZB and RS structures of BN have indirect gaps, with energy gaps of 4.80 eV and 2.11 eV, respectively. The positive pressure derivative of the indirect band gap (Γ-X) energy for the the ZB phase and the predicted ultrahigh metallization pressure are attributed to the absence of d occupations in the valence bands. The increase of the shear modulus with increasing pressure implies that the lattice stability becomes higher when BN is compressed.
Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau equation in Robertson-Walker space-time
Authors: Falek Mokhtar , Merad Mahmoud 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
The (1+1)-dimensional Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) equation (for spin 0 and 1) in the Robertson-Walker Space-time is solved. The exact solution is then determined for both cases. As an application, the rate of the created particles in the presence of gravity is calculated via the Bogoliubov transformations technique.
Photoionization cross section and refractive-index change of hydrogenic impurities in a CdS-SiO2 spherical quantum dot
Authors: Yılmaz Sait , Şafak Haluk , Şahingoz Recep , Erol Mustafa 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
In this study, we calculate the photoionization cross section and refractive-index change of an on-center hydrogenic impurity in a CdS-SiO2 spherical quantum dot. In numerical calculations, both the finite- and infinite-confinement cases are considered and a variational scheme is adopted to determine the energy eigenvalues for the impurity. The variations of the photoionization cross section with the dot radius, the refractive-index change, and the normalized photon energy are investigated, and the effect of the potential-barrier height on the cross section is discussed. The results obtained show that the photoionization cross section and the refractive-index change in CdS-SiO2 spherical quantum dots are sensitively dependent on the incident optical intensity and on the dot sizes.
Antimicrobial therapy in neonatal foals
Authors: Corley K. T. T. , Hollis A. R. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryThere are several differences in treatment of neonatal foals with antimicrobials, compared to mature horses. Firstly, the dose of many antimicrobials is different in the foal. For orally administered drugs, this may also affect their efficacy, due to different enteral absorption. Secondly, neonatal foals are not yet hindgut fermentors and this allows antimicrobials with a high propensity to cause colitis in mature horses to be used. Thirdly, toxicities are different and some antimicrobials used in mature horses, such as enrofloxacin, are not suitable for use in foals. Foal‐specific information is therefore needed for their safe and effective treatment with antimicrobials.
Lawsonia intracellularisproliferative enteropathy in a weanling foal, with a tentative histological diagnosis of lymphocytic plasmacytic enteritis
Authors: Allen K. J. , Pearson G. R. , Fews D. , McOrist S. , Brazil T. J. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryThis Case Report describes a weanling filly with protein‐losing enteropathy associated withLawsonia intracellularisinfection. This was diagnosed on the basis of a significant antibody response and a positive faecal PCR result. The histopathological lesion observed in proliferative enteropathy is mucosal hyperplasia, commonly affecting the ileum and colon in foals. Duodenal biopsies obtained from this filly revealed a lymphocytic plasmacytic infiltrate. The filly recovered completely following treatment with erythromycin and no additional medication was administered to treat the lymphocytic plasmacytic infiltrate. This Case Report suggests that lymphocytic plasmacytic infiltrates observed on duodenal biopsies may represent a nonspecific intestinal immune response.
Quality of equine veterinary care. Part 2: Client satisfaction in equine top sports medicine in The Netherlands
Authors: Loomans J. B. A. , Waaijer P. G. , Maree J. T. M. , van Weeren P. R. , Barneveld A. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate systematically the quality of equine veterinary top sports medicine in The Netherlands and the degree to which the expectations in the field are met. Focus was on structure, process and outcome of care. The structure of care is generally satisfactory but there is insufficient transfer of applicable scientific knowledge to the equine community and a lack of regular checks by team vets. The process of care is hampered by the failure in communication between the veterinary and paraveterinary members of a team. For continuation of the excellent international results of Dutch riders and drivers a more collaborative approach, abandoning the often secretive character of equine medicine in relation to sport horses, is necessary.
Colonic volvulus with defects of the mesenteric attachments in a yearling Friesian colt
Authors: Knowles E. J. , Mair T. S. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryThis report describes an unusual case of colonic volvulus associated with multiple mesenteric abnormalities. A yearling Friesian colt presented with signs of colic that persisted despite analgesia. The colt showed signs of circulatory compromise and had abnormal findings on rectal palpation. An exploratory laparotomy was performed. A complete volvulus of the ascending colon was identified associated with multiple mesenteric anomalies of unknown aetiology. The colt was subjected to euthanasia due to the extent of the intestinal damage and the likelihood of recurrence. The authors speculate that the anomalies may have been of genetic aetiology associated with a restricted gene pool.
Equine proliferative enteropathy caused byLawsonia intracellularis
Authors: Pusterla N. , Gebhart C. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryEquine proliferative enteropathy (EPE) is a disease of foals caused by the obligate intracellular organismLawsonia intracellularis.This emerging disease affects mainly weanling foals and causes fever, lethargy, peripheral oedema, diarrhoea, colic and weight loss. The diagnosis of EPE may be challenging and relies on the presence of hypoproteinaemia, thickening of segments of the small intestinal wall observed on abdominal ultrasonography, positive serology and molecular detection ofL. intracellularisin faeces. Although the clinical entity, diagnostic work‐up and treatment of EPE are well established and described, the epidemiology for this disease has remained largely unaddressed. This article reviews the aetiology, epidemiology, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of EPE.
Comparison of the clinical efficacy of cefquinome with the combination of penicillin G and gentamicin in equine patients
Authors: Widmer A. , Kummer M. , Eser M. Wehrli , Fürst A. 
Published: August 2009

SummaryThis prospective, randomised, nonblinded study compared the clinical efficacy of cefquinome to that of a combination of penicillin and gentamicin. Patients (374 horses and 13 donkeys) at the equine hospital of the Vetsuisse‐Faculty of Zurich, presented from February‐October 2007, were divided into prophylactic and therapeutic treatment groups. Equids from these groups were randomly treated either with cefquinome or with the combination of sodium penicillin and gentamicin.There was no significant difference between the 2 treatment groups for prophylactic indications. In the therapeutic group, cefquinome showed better efficacy, as demonstrated by fewer complications of wound healing and fewer treatment failures with subsequent change to another antibiotic. Side effects were very rare in both treatment groups. Cefquinome can be used with safety and efficacy in equids. Cefquinome had greater efficacy than the combination of penicillin and gentamicin in the therapeutic group. However, there was no difference between the 2 antibiotic treatments in the prophylactic group. In order to minimise the development of resistance, cefquinome should therefore not be used for routine prophylactic treatment.
Mandibular squamous cell carcinoma in a young horse
Authors: Monteiro S. , Lemberger K. , Gangl M. 
Published: August 2009

SummarySquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a frequently reported neoplasm in the horse. However, oral forms are uncommon and represent only 7% of all SCC. A literature review reveals a total of 13 cases of oral SCC with no apparent sex or breed predisposition but predominantly adult and old horses, mean age 16.5 years. This case report describes a 3.5‐year‐old pony filly that was presented for investigation of a mandibular fistula of 3 weeks' duration. The clinical and histopathological findings of mandibular squamous cell carcinoma in this filly are described in detail.
'A Network of Trust': Measuring and Monitoring Air Pollution in British Cities, 1912-1960
Authors: Mosley Stephen 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
This paper examines the origins and development of the first nationwide air pollution monitoring network of its kind. The Investigation of Atmospheric Pollution was founded in 1912 with less than 30 participating bodies. By the 1960s it had expanded its research activities to involve over 500 cooperating authorities and organisations in almost every major British town and city. The paper is set out in three interrelated parts. Firstly, it explores how central and local government, representatives of industry, and non-governmental organisations worked together to establish an expert body that could gather information on polluted air, despite their different interests and agendas. Secondly, it draws historical attention to the importance (and difficulties) of technical standard-setting in providing reliable and policy-relevant knowledge about environmental pollution. Lastly, it will examine the uses of monitoring in efforts to raise public awareness of the problems caused by coal smoke and its role in supporting action to reduce urban air pollution, particularly after the 1952 London smog disaster.
Campaigning for Street Trees, Sydney Botanic Gardens, 1890s-1920s
Authors: Frawley Jodi 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Between the 1890s and 1920s street trees became a more prominent feature in streetscapes across New South Wales, Australia. The Sydney Botanic Gardens, with their extensive nursery system, were responsible for supplying seedlings to councils and municipalities for use as street trees. As such, this institution was a primary mover of what a street tree should be, how they should be used and what plants were best suited to this particular use in urban environments. This paper analyses the nurturing of this use of street trees by the Sydney Botanic Gardens and the Director Joseph Maiden. This institution was a place that moved not just stock and seedlings, but ideas about how nature's inclusion into urban environments had the capacity to influence and enhance the cultivation of civilised citizens. This was affected through access to transnational resources available to the Sydney Botanic Gardens.
The Paradox of Discourse Concerning Deforestation in New Zealand: A Historical Survey
Authors: Knight Catherine 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
When the European settlement of New Zealand began in earnest in the mid-nineteenth century, the landscape too underwent a dramatic transformation. Much of the forest was destroyed by milling and fire, and the land converted to pasture for farming. While seen by many as firmly within the prevailing 'doctrine of progress', this transformation was viewed with misgivings by others, who observed how deforestation led to erosion and floods, and advocated more prudent forest management. This paper explores the historical discourse on deforestation around the latter part of the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries and how it contrasts with the recent discourse following major floods in 2004, in which the discussion of deforestation as an underlying cause of floods and erosion is notable in its very absence. This paper will seek to explain the paradox apparent in the development of New Zealanders' understanding of the connection between deforestation and the devastating flood events and severe erosion occurring in New Zealand today. While this is a connection that was repeatedly and cogently expressed by our forebears over one hundred years ago, it is one that most New Zealanders today are ignorant of.
The Fall and Fall in the Legal Status of Mustelids in New Zealand
Authors: Wells Philippa 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Three species of the family Mustelidae (stoats, weasels and ferrets) were initially introduced into New Zealand (and granted statutory protection) in an attempt to control a burgeoning rabbit population. From that point, scientific, political and social debate centred on both the advisability and efficacy of the introduction. Although their legal protection and support was partially removed in 1903, they were not declared statutory 'vermin' for another 50 years. The long road taken by these predators to political perdition signals shifts in political and economic power and reveals dissension and changes in policy direction.
Breaking New Ground? Gifford Pinchot and the Birth of 'Empire Forestry' in the Philippines, 1900-1905
Authors: Bankoff Greg 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Professional forest management in the Philippines is largely attributed to the ideas and endeavours of American foresters such as Gifford Pinchot, George Ahern and Henry Graves who were instrumental in establishing the Insular Bureau of Forestry in 1900 and in passing the forestry laws of 1904 and 1905. These men, however, did not so much transfer American forest management directly to the archipelago let alone blindly implement empire forestry policies developed in other colonial settings such as British India. Instead, they pragmatically improvised new methods of forest management that were a blend of European, American and local expertise, 'hybrid practices' more suited to an administratively and scientifically unstable tropical setting.
Book Reviews
Authors: Carruthers Jane , Zeller Suzanne , Showers Kate B. , Chapman J. , Herring Horace 
Published: August 2009

Abstract
Divyabhanusinh (ed.), The Lions of India (JANE CARRUTHERS)
R. Cole Harris, The Reluctant Land: Society, Space, and Environment in Canada before Confederation (SUZANNE ZELLER)
Helen M. Rozwadowski and David K. van Keuren, eds., The Machine in Neptune's Garden (KATE B. SHOWERS)
Marcel Mazoyer and Laurence Roudart, A History of World Agriculture From the Neolithic Age to the Current Crisis (J. CHAPMAN)
Roger Fouquet, Heat, Power and Light: Revolutions in Energy Services (HORACE HERRING)
Comparison of Patients with Juvenile Psoriatic Arthritis and Nonpsoriatic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: How Different Are They?
Authors: BUTBUL YONATAN AVIEL , TYRRELL PASCAL N. , SCHNEIDER RAYFEL , DHILLON SANDEEP , FELDMAN BRIAN M. , LAXER RONALD M. , SAURENMANN ROTRAUD K. , SPIEGEL LYNN , CAMERON BONNIE , TSE SHIRLEY M. , SILVERMAN EARL D. 
Published: August 2009

Objective.To compare the clinical features and outcome between patients with juvenile psoriatic arthritis (JPsA) and non-JPsA juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.Fifty-three children with JPsA, 32 with < 5 joints in the first 6 months of disease (oligo–JPsA) and 21 (≥ 5 joints) polyarticular-onset (poly-JPsA) were compared to 53 patients with JIA who were matched by sex, age, date of diagnosis, and articular onset pattern.Results.There was no difference in the percentage of patients between the oligoarticular groups who developed extended oligoarthritis or in the percentage of patients who were positive for antinuclear antibodies. The only differences were that 25% of patients with oligo-JPsA had dactylitis compared to 0% of patients with oligo-JIA (p < 0.01) and 50% had nail pitting as compared to 18.7% (p < 0.05). In polyarticular patients the percentages with dactylitis were similar (19% vs 38%; p = 0.25). The frequency of uveitis was identical in the oligoarticular patients but a higher rate was seen in poly-JPsA compared to poly-JIA (23.8% vs 0%; p = 0.02), while contractures were more frequent in poly-JIA compared to poly-JPsA during the course of the illness (47.6% vs 14.3%; p = 0.03) but not at last followup (14.3% vs 4.7%; p = 0.6). At last followup the mean Childhood Health Assessment Questionnaire scores were similar in both the polyarticular and oligoarticular groups.Conclusion.There were only a few differences between patients with JPsA and JIA regarding disease onset, disease course, and outcome. We suggest that large, longterm prospective studies are required to accurately determine whether subdividing JIA according to psoriasis is worthwhile.
Clinical Usefulness of a Prognostic Score in Histological Analysis of Renal Biopsy in Patients with Lupus Nephritis
Authors: KOJO SHOICHIRO , SADA KEN-EI , KOBAYASHI MIZUHO , MARUYAMA MIE , MAESHIMA YOHEI , SUGIYAMA HITOSHI , MAKINO HIROFUMI 
Published: August 2009

Objective.To evaluate active and chronic lesions in association with renal outcome according to the International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society classification in patients with lupus nephritis.Methods.A retrospective analysis of 99 biopsy-proven subjects with lupus nephritis from 1990 to 2006 was performed in our center using the new classification. Each histological lesion was evaluated by multivariate survival analysis as predictive factor for renal insufficiency in patients with lupus nephritis, and independent predictors were graded to develop the prognostic score based on the regression coefficient. A receiver operating-characteristic curve based on the prognostic score was plotted to determine the most appropriate cutoff point.Results.In class IV, the IV-G group tended to exhibit a worse renal outcome compared with the IV-S group, but the difference was not significant (log-rank test, p = 0.4330). Independent histological predictors of poor renal outcome were extracapillary proliferation, glomerular sclerosis, and fibrous crescents analyzed by Cox proportional hazards model, while predictors of favorable renal outcome were hyaline thrombi and fibrous adhesions. By the prognostic score, renal outcome was significantly worse in the group with the higher score (≥ 0.25) than in the group with the lower score (< 0.25) in class IV patients (log-rank test, p < 0.001).Conclusion.These results demonstrate the advantage of our prognostic score compared to subclasses in predicting the renal outcome of class IV patients [University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) clinical trials registry, number UMIN 000001943].
Urine Osteoprotegerin and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 in Lupus Nephritis
Authors: KIANI ADNAN N. , JOHNSON KRISTEN , CHEN CATHERINE , DIEHL EDWARD , HU HUAIZHONG , VASUDEVAN GANESH , SINGH SUKHMINDER , MAGDER LAURENCE S. , KNECHTLE STUART J. , PETRI MICHELLE 
Published: August 2009

Objective.Renal biopsy is the “gold standard” to determine renal activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but it is expensive, invasive, and carries risk. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is produced by the heart, lungs, kidney, and bone. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), a chemotactic cytokine, is involved in the progression of glomerular and tubulointerstitial injury. We investigated both urine OPG and MCP-1 as potential biomarkers for lupus nephritis.Methods.Our subjects, 87 patients with SLE (88% women; 48% African American, 41% Caucasian, 11% other), mean age 44 years, were followed monthly to quarterly. Urinary OPG (pg/ml) and MCP-1 (pg/ml) were measured (Luminex MAP bead assay).Results.OPG concentrations were strongly associated with global disease activity and with both renal activity on a visual analog scale (VAS) (p = 0.0006) and renal disease activity descriptors of the SELENA SLEDAI, including hematuria (p = 0.001) and a positive anti-dsDNA (p = 0.013). MCP-1 was also associated with the renal VAS (p = 0.032), renal disease activity descriptors of SELENA SLEDAI, including hematuria (p = 0.027), and with a positive anti-dsDNA (p = 0.016). We also examined the relationship between the biomarkers and having a urine protein to creatinine ratio (pr/cr) ≥ 0.5. Among patients with medium or high OPG, 46% had urine pr/cr ≥ 0.5, compared to only 23% among those with low OPG (p = 0.032). The 2 biomarkers were strongly correlated with each other (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.77, p < 0.0001).Conclusion.The lack of availability of urine biomarkers has hampered development of new therapies for lupus nephritis. Urine MCP-1 and OPG were both associated with measures of lupus renal disease activity. Medium or high levels of OPG were predictive of a urine protein/creatinine ratio of ≥ 0.5. Further study, including longitudinal assessment and correlation with concurrent renal biopsies, is necessary before this assay can be used in the routine clinic setting.