bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Signals of female reproductive quality and fertility in colony‐living baboons (Papio h. anubis) in relation to ensuring paternal investment
Authors: Daspre Agnès , Heistermann Michael , Hodges J. Keith , Lee Phyllis C. , Rosetta Lyliane 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe fitness of a female's offspring depends cruicially on the traits, genetic and paternal, that the father contributes. As such, females may either have an interest in behaviorally choosing the highest‐quality male, or in reliably signaling their fertility status to males. Combining hormonal data on a female's ovulatory fertile window with a behavioral context, we suggest that captive female olive baboons (Papio h. anubis) provide fathers with reliable signals of their fertile period. One signal, the maximum anogenital swelling (AGA), typically coincided with a 4‐day fertile window of ovulation, which occurred 2–3 days prior to deturgescence. As expected from previous studies, AGA swelling indicated general attractiveness to males, and males attended to the relative attractiveness of females. Males approached and copulated with females significantly more often during the 4‐day window around ovulation, irrespective of the absolute swelling stage. The two adult males present in the group were both able to copulate with consistent partners as at least two cycling females were available in most months; the dominant male was more selective about the timing of his copulations close to ovulation during the maximal swelling phase. Females with ovulatory but nonconceptive cycles were less attractive to males, especially during their maximal AGA swelling phase. Am. J. Primatol. 71:529–538, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Behavioral responses to tooth loss in wild ring‐tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve, Madagascar
Authors: Millette James B. , Sauther Michelle L. , Cuozzo Frank P. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSevere dental wear and tooth loss is often assumed to impede the processing, breakdown, and energetic conversion of food items, thereby negatively impacting individual health, reproduction, and survival. Ring‐tailed lemurs at the Beza Mahafaly Special Reserve demonstrate exceptionally high frequencies of severe dental wear and antemortem tooth loss, yet often survive multiple years with these impairments. To test the hypothesis that these lemurs mitigate tooth loss through behavioral adjustments, we collected 191 h of observational data from 16 focal subjects, eight without tooth loss and eight with between 3% and 44% loss. These data indicate dentally‐impaired ring‐tailed lemurs show compensatory behaviors consistent with the demands of living in a social group. During early afternoon (12:00–14:30 h) individuals with loss showed trends towards higher frequencies of foraging and grooming, while individuals without loss rested significantly more often. Individuals with >10% loss (n = 7) showed higher frequencies of feeding, foraging, and grooming, and lower frequencies of resting during this period than individuals with <10% loss (n = 9). Individuals with tooth loss maintained relatively higher levels of feeding and foraging throughout the day. These individuals licked tamarind fruit at higher frequencies, likely spending more time softening it before ingestion. These individuals did not demonstrate longer feeding bouts overall, although bouts involving tamarinds were significantly longer. Individuals with marked toothcomb wear engaged in higher rates of certain types of allogrooming, demonstrating that social behaviors are used to compensate for reduced grooming efficiency. These data have implications for interpreting behavioral responses to dental impairment in the fossil record. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stature estimation in an early medieval (XI‐XII c.) Polish population: Testing the accuracy of regression equations in a bioarcheological sample
Authors: Vercellotti Giuseppe , Agnew Amanda M. , Justus Hedy M. , Sciulli Paul W. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractAccurate stature estimation from skeletal remains can foster useful information on health and microevolutionary trends in past human populations. Stature can be estimated through the anatomical method and regression equations. The anatomical method (Fully: Ann Med Leg 36 [1956] 266–273; Raxter et al.: Am J Phys Anthropol 130 [2006] 374–384) is preferable because it takes into account total skeletal height and thus provides more accurate estimates, but it cannot be applied to incomplete remains. In such circumstances, regression equations allow estimates of living stature from the length of one or few skeletal elements. However, the accuracy of stature estimates from regression equations depends on similarity in body proportions between the population under examination and those used to calibrate the equations. Since genetic affinity and body proportions similarity are not always clearly known in bioarcheological populations, the criteria for selection of appropriate formulae are not always straightforward. This may lead to inaccurate stature estimates and imprecise accounts of past life conditions. Prompted by such practical and theoretical concerns this study aimed at (1) estimating living stature in an early medieval (XI‐XII c.) Polish sample (40 male; 20 female) through the anatomical method and developing population‐specific regression formulae; and (2) evaluating the accuracy of estimates obtained with regression methods commonly employed in European populations. Results indicate that when applied to the skeletal remains from Giecz, our formulae provide accurate estimates, with non‐age‐corrected formulae performing better than age‐corrected ones. Our formulae provide better estimates than those calibrated on recent populations and their use in medieval Polish populations is preferable. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brief communication: Evaluating grandmother effects
Authors: Hawkes Kristen , Smith Ken R. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractWomen who have outlived child‐bearing have long been described as postreproductive. But contributions they make to the survival or fertility of their descendants enhance the reproduction of their genes. Consequently, natural selection affects this characteristic stage of human life history. Grandmother effects can be measured in data sets that include births and deaths over several generations, but unmeasured covariates complicate the task. Here we focus on two complications: cohort shifts in mortality and fertility, and maternal age at death. We use the Utah Population Database to show that longevity of grandmothers may be associated with fewer grandchildren, as reported by Madrigal and Melendez‐Obando (Am J Phys Anthropol 136 (2008) 223–229) for a Costa Rican sample, even when grandmother effects are actually positive. Am J Phys Anthropol 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Historiography and forensic analysis of the Fort King George “skull”: Craniometric assessment using the specific population approach
Authors: Stojanowski Christopher M. , Duncan William N. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this article, we evaluate the association between the Fort King George “skull” and two Franciscans who were killed during a Guale revolt in 1597 and whose remains were never recovered (Pedro de Corpa and Francisco de Veráscola). The history and historiography of the revolt is summarized to generate a forensic profile for the individuals. The calvaria is described in terms of preservation, taphonomy, possible trauma, age, and sex. Because these factors are consistent with the individuals in question, population affinity is assessed using comparative craniometric analysis. In response to recent criticism of the typological nature of forensic population affinity assessment, we use a population specific approach, as advocated by Alice Brues (1992). Archaeological and historical data inform the occupation history of the site, and data from those specific populations are used in the comparative analysis. Results of linear discriminant function analysis indicate a low probability that the calvaria is a Guale (the precontact inhabitants of southeastern Georgia) or an individual of African descent. Comparison among European and Euro‐American populations indicated poor discriminatory resolution; however, the closest match suggests a New World affinity rather than an Old World English, Scottish, or Iberian affinity for the specimen. Future analyses that will provide greater resolution about the identity of the calvaria are outlined. The case highlights the unique challenges of historical forensics cases relative to those of traditional jurisprudence, as well as the potential for using historiography to overcome those challenges in future analyses. Am J Phys Anthropol, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2D gene therapy restores α‐sarcoglycan and associated proteins
Authors: Mendell Jerry R. , Rodino‐Klapac Louise R. , Rosales‐Quintero Xiomara , Kota Janaiah , Coley Brian D. , Galloway Gloria , Craenen Josepha M. , Lewis Sarah , Malik Vinod , Shilling Christopher , Byrne Barry J. , Conlon Thomas , Campbell Katherine J. , Bremer William G. , Viollet Laurence , Walker Christopher M. , Sahenk Zarife , Clark K. Reed 
Published: April 2009

AbstractObjectiveα‐Sarcoglycan deficiency results in a severe form of muscular dystrophy (limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy type 2D [LGMD2D]) without treatment. Gene replacement represents a strategy for correcting the underlying defect. Questions related to this approach were addressed in this clinical trial, particularly the need for immunotherapy and persistence of gene expression.MethodsA double‐blind, randomized controlled trial using rAAV1.tMCK.hSGCA injected into the extensor digitorum brevis muscle was conducted. Control sides received saline. A 3‐day course of methylprednisolone accompanied gene transfer without further immune suppression.ResultsNo adverse events were encountered. SGCA gene expression increased 4–5‐fold over control sides when examined at 6 weeks (2 subjects) and 3 months (1 subject). The full sarcoglycan complex was restored in all subjects, and muscle fiber size was increased in the 3‐month subject. Adeno‐associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1)‐neutralizing antibodies were seen as early as 2 weeks. Neither CD4+ nor CD8+ cells were increased over contralateral sides. Scattered foci of inflammation could be found, but showed features of programmed cell death. Enzyme‐linked immunospot (ELISpot) showed no interferon‐γ response to α‐SG or AAV1 capsid peptide pools, with the exception of a minimal capsid response in 1 subject. Restimulation to detect low‐frequency capsid‐specific T cells by ELISpot assays was negative. Results of the first 3 subjects successfully achieved study aims, precluding the need for additional enrollment.InterpretationThe finding of this gene replacement study in LGMD2D has important implications for muscular dystrophy. Sustained gene expression was seen, but studies over longer time periods without immunotherapy will be required for design of vascular delivery gene therapy trials. Ann Neurol 2009;66:290–297
The Nature of Halogen⋅⋅⋅Halogen Interactions: A Model Derived from Experimental Charge‐Density Analysis
Authors: Bui Thai Thanh Thu , Dahaoui Slimane , Lecomte Claude , Desiraju Gautam R. , Espinosa Enrique 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEin bisschen anziehend: Dass die Cl‐Cl‐Wechselwirkung in C6Cl6anziehend und anisotrop ist, wurde experimentell anhand der Expansion der Elektronendichteρ(r) um die Chlorkerne gezeigt. Die Wechselwirkung wird mit einem Modell erklärt, in dem eine bindende Wechselwirkung zwischen elektronenarmen (blau im Bild) und ‐reichen Bereichen (rot) benachbarter Cl‐Atome besteht.magnified image
Effiziente katalytische Promiskuität für chemisch unterschiedliche Reaktionen
Authors: Babtie Ann C. , Bandyopadhyay Subhajit , Olguin Luis F. , Hollfelder Florian 
Published: April 2009

AbstractFür die native und die promiske Reaktion der Arylsulfatase aus Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAS) wurden gleichermaßen hohe katalytische Leistungen beobachtet, was dafür spricht, dass die enge Beziehung zwischen hoher Aktivität und enger Spezifität deutlich gelockert werden kann (Bild: Übergangszustände der beiden Substrate mit zugehörigen Bindungskonstanten Ktx).magnified image
Silver Nanoparticle Formation in Different Sizes Induced by Peptides Identified within Split‐and‐Mix Libraries
Authors: Belser Kirsten , Vig Slenters Tünde , Pfumbidzai Conelious , Upert Grégory , Mirolo Laurent , Fromm Katharina M. , Wennemers Helma 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSplit‐and‐mix‐Bibliotheken sind ein ausgezeichnetes Hilfsmittel zur Identifizierung von Peptiden, die die Bildung von Ag‐Nanopartikeln aus Ag+‐Ionen unter Bestrahlung oder in Gegenwart von Natriumascorbat als Reduktionsmittel vermitteln. In kolorimetrischen Screenings wurden strukturell unterschiedliche Peptide identifiziert, die die Bildung von unterschiedlich großen Ag‐Nanopartikeln induzieren, was durch SEM‐Studien und Röntgenpulverbeugungsexperimente bestätigt wurde.magnified image
Solvent‐Slaved Protein Motions Accompany Proton but Not Hydride Tunneling in Light‐Activated Protochlorophyllide Oxidoreductase
Authors: Heyes Derren J. , Sakuma Michiyo , Scrutton Nigel S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractH+ nicht H−: Die durch Protochlorophyllid‐Oxidoreduktase katalysierte Reduktion von Protochlorophyllid weist lösungsmittelvermittelte Bewegungen auf, die Protonen‐, nicht aber Hydridtunneln steuern. Diese Bewegungen erfordern ein ausgedehntes dynamisches Netzwerk zwischen Lösungsmittel und aktivem Zentrum des Enzyms und erleichtern den Protonentransfer (links im Bild). Mit dem Hydridtransfer verbundene Bewegungen sind lokalisierter und nicht durch das Lösungsmittel vermittelt (rechts im Bild).magnified image
Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pentasubstituted γ‐Butyrolactones from Silyl Glyoxylates and Ketones through a Double Reformatsky Reaction
Authors: Greszler Stephen N. , Johnson Jeffrey S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDrei benachbarte Stereozentrenwerden in einer bemerkenswert diastereoselektiven doppelten Reformatsky‐Sequenz erzeugt. Dieser Ansatz, bei dem ein Keton als abschließendes Elektrophil dient, lieferte sehr rasch hoch funktionalisierte γ‐Butyrolactone (siehe Schema), die für zahlreiche Folgereaktionen geeignet sind. R1=Me, H; R2=Alkyl, Aryl, CF3; Bn=Benzyl, TBS=tert‐Butyldimethylsilyl.magnified image
Cross Dehydrogenative Arylation (CDA) of a Benzylic CH Bond with Arenes by Iron Catalysis
Authors: Li Yi‐Zhou , Li Bi‐Jie , Lu Xing‐Yu , Lin Song , Shi Zhang‐Jie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOxidative Kupplung: FeCl2 katalysiert die effiziente dehydrierende Arylierung von Substraten mit benzylischen C‐H‐Bindungen (siehe Schema). Die Kreuzkupplungen zwischen Verbindungen mit aromatischen C(sp2)‐H‐Bindungen und benzylischen C(sp3)‐H‐Bindungen verliefen hoch regioselektiv. Die Reaktion könnte über eine Einelektronenoxidation mit anschließender Friedel‐Crafts‐Alkylierung ablaufen.magnified image
Methandiide Complexes (R2CM2) of the Heavier Alkali Metals (M=Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium): Reaching the Limit?
Authors: Orzechowski Lars , Jansen Georg , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: April 2009

AbstractGröße ist wichtig: Geminale Bis(amidophosphorano)methandiid‐Dimetallkomplexe der schweren Alkalimetalle K und Rb sind relativ stabil, doch der von Cs, dem größten und elektropositivsten Alkalimetall, zersetzt sich zu einem cyclischen Produkt, das mit Benzylcaesium kokristallisiert.magnified image
Chirality in Transition Metal Chemistry. Molecules, Supramolecular Assemblies and Materials. Von Hani Amouri und Michel Gruselle.
Authors: Albrecht Markus 
Published: April 2009

AbstractJohn Wiley & Sons, Hoboken 2008. 260 S., Broschur, 47.90 €.—ISBN 978‐0470060544magnified image
Hyperbranched: A Universal Conjugated Polymer Platform
Authors: Tolosa Juan , Kub Chris , Bunz Uwe H. F. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractEin wandelbares Polymer: Die Sonogashira‐Kupplung eines AB2‐Monomers mit zwei Iodsubstituenten und einer Alkinfunktion führt zu einem hochverzweigten konjugierten Polymer mit Iod‐Endgruppen (kleine violette Quader im Bild). Die Iodsubstituenten sind ein hervorragender Angriffspunkt für die effiziente Funktionalisierung nach der Polymerisation, um durch den Austausch von Endgruppen hochverzweigte fluoreszierende Poly(phenylenethinylene) zu erhalten.magnified image
Coordination and Activation of the BF Molecule
Authors: Vidovic Dragoslav , Aldridge Simon 
Published: April 2009

AbstractKein CO: Das mit CO und N2 isoelektronische Fluorborylen (BF) lässt sich mit einem Übergangsmetall abfangen. Im strukturell charakterisierten Komplex [{CpRu(CO)2}2(μ‐BF)] liegt ein nicht unterstützter BF‐Brückenligand vor, was man in der Strukturchemie von CO nicht kennt. Mit AlCl3 koordiniert metallgebundenes CO über das O‐Atom, ohne dass eine Bindung gebrochen wird, während der polare und weniger π‐gebundene BF‐Ligand heterolytisch gespalten wird (siehe Bild).magnified image
Formaldehyde Formation on Vanadium Oxide Surfaces V2O3(0001) and V2O5(001): How does the Stable Methoxy Intermediate Form?
Authors: Göbke Daniel , Romanyshyn Yuriy , Guimond Sébastien , Sturm Jacobus Marinus , Kuhlenbeck Helmut , Döbler Jens , Reinhardt Ulrike , Ganduglia‐Pirovano Maria Veronica , Sauer Joachim , Freund Hans‐Joachim 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHydroxy‐mediated methoxy formation or stabilization is probably an important process in many methanol adsorption systems. Hydrogen atoms originating from the scission of the methanol OH bond react with the substrate and form water. This process may result 1) in the production of additional surface defects as reactive centers for methoxy formation and 2) in the stabilization of methoxy groups by suppression of methanol formation.magnified image
Efficient Catalytic Promiscuity for Chemically Distinct Reactions
Authors: Babtie Ann C. , Bandyopadhyay Subhajit , Olguin Luis F. , Hollfelder Florian 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHigh catalytic proficiencies observed for the native and promiscuous reaction of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa arylsulfatase (PAS; the picture shows transition states of the two substrates with corresponding binding constants Ktx) suggest that the trade‐off between high activity and tight specificity can be substantially relaxed.magnified image
Silver Nanoparticle Formation in Different Sizes Induced by Peptides Identified within Split‐and‐Mix Libraries
Authors: Belser Kirsten , Vig Slenters Tünde , Pfumbidzai Conelious , Upert Grégory , Mirolo Laurent , Fromm Katharina M. , Wennemers Helma 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSplit‐and‐mix libraries are an excellent tool for the identification of peptides that induce the formation of Ag nanoparticles in the presence of either light or sodium ascorbate to reduce Ag+ ions. Structurally diverse peptides were detected in colorimetric on‐bead screenings that generate Ag nanoparticles of different sizes, as confirmed by SEM and X‐ray powder diffraction studies.magnified image
Ionic‐Liquid‐Assisted Formation of Silver Nanowires
Authors: Kim Tae Young , Kim Won Jung , Hong Seung Hyun , Kim Jong Eun , Suh Kwang S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractDown to the wire: A simple and effective method to synthesize silver nanowires through an ionic‐liquid‐assisted polyol process is developed (see scheme; scale bar=5 nm). The ionic liquids are tuned to provide the anisotropic growth of silver nanoparticles into nanowires.magnified image
Solvent‐Slaved Protein Motions Accompany Proton but Not Hydride Tunneling in Light‐Activated Protochlorophyllide Oxidoreductase
Authors: Heyes Derren J. , Sakuma Michiyo , Scrutton Nigel S. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractH+ but not H−: The reduction reaction of protochlorophyllide catalyzed by protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase features solvent‐slaved motions that control the proton‐ but not the hydride‐tunneling mechanism. These motions imply a long‐range dynamic network from the solvent to the enzyme active site that facilitate proton transfer (see picture, left). Motions for hydride transfer are more localized and are not slaved by the solvent (see picture, right).magnified image
Nanoparticle Missiles from Exploding Polyelectrolyte Capsules
Authors: Dähne Lars 
Published: April 2009

AbstractOut with a bang! Microcapsules have been prepared which, as a result of an explosion triggered by an external stimulus, distribute nanoparticles throughout the local environment both efficiently and rapidly (see picture). In this way a principle found in nature for the dispersal of seeds and defensive materials has now been realized in nanotechnology and might be utilized, for example, for the better distribution of drugs in organs.magnified image
Cross Dehydrogenative Arylation (CDA) of a Benzylic CH Bond with Arenes by Iron Catalysis
Authors: Li Yi‐Zhou , Li Bi‐Jie , Lu Xing‐Yu , Lin Song , Shi Zhang‐Jie 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHooking up: FeCl2 catalyzes the efficient cross dehydrogenative arylation of substrates having benzylic CH bonds (see scheme). High regioselectivity was observed during the cross‐coupling between compounds containing aromatic C(sp2)H bonds and benzylic C(sp3)H bonds. This process is proposed to proceed by single‐electron‐transfer oxidation and Friedel–Crafts alkylation.magnified image
A Cyclic Hexanuclear Heterometalladithiolene Cluster [{(Cp*Rh)2Mo(μ‐CO)2(CO)}2(S2C6H2S2)2] with Two π‐Conjugated S2C6S2 Bridges: Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Properties
Authors: Zhu Bao‐Hua , Shibata Yusuke , Muratsugu Satoshi , Yamanoi Yoshinori , Nishihara Hiroshi 
Published: April 2009

AbstractTwo dragons playing ball: Direct metal–metal bond formation using a π‐conjugated dinuclear metalladithiolene complex with two electron‐deficient metal centers as building blocks led to a cyclic double trinuclear heterometalladithiolene cluster with two parallel plane bridges (see structure; Rh pink, Mo green, S yellow, C gray, O red).magnified image
Methandiide Complexes (R2CM2) of the Heavier Alkali Metals (M=Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium): Reaching the Limit?
Authors: Orzechowski Lars , Jansen Georg , Harder Sjoerd 
Published: April 2009

AbstractSize does matter: Whereas geminal bimetallic bis(amidophosphorano)methandiide complexes of the heavy alkali metals K and Rb are relatively stable, that of Cs, the largest and most electropositive of the alkali metals, decomposes to form a cyclic product, which cocrystallizes with benzylcesium.magnified image
A Synthetic High‐Spin Oxoiron(IV) Complex: Generation, Spectroscopic Characterization, and Reactivity
Authors: England Jason , Martinho Marlène , Farquhar Erik R. , Frisch Jonathan R. , Bominaar Emile L. , Münck Eckard , Que Lawrence 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHigh versus low: The high‐yield generation of a synthetic high‐spin oxoiron(IV) complex, [FeIV(O)(TMG3tren)]2+ (see picture, TMG3tren = 1,1,1‐tris{2‐[N2‐(1,1,3,3‐tetramethylguanidino)]ethyl}amine), has been achieved by using the very bulky tetradentate TMG3tren ligand, in order to both sterically protect the oxoiron(IV) moiety and enforce a trigonal bipyramidal geometry at the iron center, for which an S=2 ground state is favored.magnified image
Cosolvent‐promoted electrophilic amination of organozinc reagents
Authors: Daşkapan Tahir , Yeşilbağ Ferhat , Koca Selçuk 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to develop a simple and efficient method for the electrophilic amination of organozinc reagents. For this reason, 12 cosolvents were screened in the electrophilic amination of ordinary organozinc reagents. By the use of a cosolvent, an easily applicable and high‐yielding method for the preparation of arylamines by electrophilic amination of arylzinc reagents was developed. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.