bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated quantitative assessment of bone contusions and overlying articular cartilage following anterior cruciate ligament injury
Authors: Champagne Allen A. , Zuleger Taylor M. , Warren Shayla M. , Smith Daniel R. , Lamplot Joseph D. , Xerogeanes John W. , Slutsky‐Ganesh Alexis B. , Jayaram Prathap , Patel Jay M. , Myer Gregory D. , Diekfuss Jed A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractQuantitative methods to characterize bone contusions and associated cartilage injury remain limited. We combined standardized voxelwise normalization and 3D mapping to automate bone contusion segmentation post‐anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and evaluate anomalies in articular cartilage overlying bone contusions. Forty‐five patients (54% female, 26.4 ± 11.8 days post‐injury) with an ACL tear underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging of their involved and uninvolved knees. A novel method for voxelwise normalization and 3D anatomical mapping was used to automate segmentation, labeling, and localization of bone contusions in the involved knee. The same mapping system was used to identify the associated articular cartilage overlying bone lesions. Mean regional T1ρ was extracted from articular cartilage regions in both the involved and uninvolved knees for quantitative paired analysis against ipsilateral cartilage within the same compartment outside of the localized bone contusion. At least one bone contusion lesion was detected in the involved knee within the femur and/or tibia following ACL injury in 42 participants. Elevated T1ρ (p = 0.033) signal were documented within the articular cartilage overlying the bone contusions resulting from ACL injury. In contrast, the same cartilaginous regions deprojected onto the uninvolved knees showed no ipsilateral differences (p = 0.795). Automated bone contusion segmentation using standardized voxelwise normalization and 3D mapping deprojection identified altered cartilage overlying bone contusions in the setting of knee ACL injury.
Biochemical properties of phytase immobilized and its effect on growth parameters of tomato
Authors: Dikbaş Neslihan , Alım Şeyma , Uçar Sevda , Şenol Kotan Merve 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundPhosphorus (P) is one of the nonrenewable resources of critical importance in agricultural production. P is present in soil in organic and inorganic forms. Phytate constitutes the majority of organic P in soil. Phytate binds strongly to the solid phase of the soil and becomes unavailable for use by plants. Therefore, the soluble phytate‐P ratio in soil is mostly at very low levels. Plants and associated microorganisms secrete organic acids and hydrolyzing enzymes such as phytase to dissolve phytate in the soil. Both the solubility of phytate and phytase activity are limiting properties for the uptake of phytate‐P by plants.AimsOur aim was to evaluate the effects of phytase immobilized on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO Np) on tomato plant (Solanum lycopersicum) growth parameters. In this study, seedling period was analyzed.MethodsIn the study, phytase activity of 13 different bacteria was investigated, and phytase was purified from Lactobacillus kefiri, showing the highest activity, and its biochemical properties were determined. Phytase was immobilized on zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles and characterized by X‐ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopes analysis. The effects of ZnONps, immobilized phytase, and free phytase on the growth parameters of tomato plant were investigated. Tomato seeds were soaked with ZnONps, immobilized and free phytase for 30 min at room temperature and sown in pots containing suitable growing medium. Vegetative development of tomato plant, plant height, number of lateral branches, main stem diameter, distance between nodes, number of nodes, main root, and shoot length were determined.ResultsPhytase was partially purified with 7.60% recovery and specific activity of 1758.5 (EU mg−1 protein). Molecular mass of partially purified phytase was approx.72 kD, optimum pH and temperature values were determined as pH 5.0 and 70–80°C, respectively. Immobilized phytase caused a significant increase of 41.1% in plant height, 64.1% in main root, and 36.1% in shoot length in tomato plants compared to the control. In addition, a significant increase was observed in the number of side branches, main stem diameter, distance between nodes, number of nodes, and vegetative growth of the plant.ConclusionsThe results showed that the immobilized phytase enzyme has a positive effect on seedling growth in tomato and can be used in tomato cultivation in the future.
Exploring maize grain yield response to boron fertilization in Mollisols: Critical thresholds and predictive models
Authors: Barbieri Pablo Andrés , Crespo Cecilia , Wyngaard Nicolás , Eyherabide Mercedes , Martínez Cuesta Nicolás , Reussi Calvo Nahuel Ignacio , Sainz Rozas Hernán René , Pablo Angelini Hernán , Carciochi Walter , Gudelj Vicente , Espósito Goya Gabriel Pablo , Salvagiotti Fernando , Ferraris Nestor Gustavo , Sánchez Héctor , Ventimiglia Luis , Torrens Baudrix Lisandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are no extractable boron (B) thresholds for maize (Zea mays L.) in Mollisols determined by field calibrations.AimsOur objectives were to: (1) explore maize grain yield response to B fertilization, (2) calibrate the soil hot water extractable B (HW‐B) as a predictor of maize response to B fertilization under field conditions, and (3) assess the contribution of clay, pH, and soil organic matter (SOM) as predictive variables of maize response to B fertilization.MethodsWe conducted 53 field trials with 2 treatments: with and without B fertilization. At all sites, we measured clay, SOM, pH, and HW‐B at a 0–20 cm depth.ResultsMaize grain yield ranged from 5.34 to 17.35 Mg ha−1. Grain yield response to fertilization was observed in 6 out of 53 sites (11.3%). In responsive sites, average grain yield response was 1.0 Mg ha−1. Multiple regression models to predict yield response to B addition that included soil, pH, and SOM only explained 19% of the variability. The critical soil HW‐B concentration threshold was 0.78 mg kg−1, correctly diagnosing 79% of the site‐years.ConclusionThe critical threshold for maize B levels resulting from our field study is the first of its kind in Mollisols. This threshold will improve the identification of soils deficient in B.
Raman spectroscopy assisted by other analytical techniques to identify the most deteriorated carbonate‐stones to be consolidated in two monuments of Vitoria‐Gasteiz (Spain)
Authors: Costantini Ilaria , Aramendia Julene , Etxebarria Idoia , de la Fuente Iñaki Vazquez , Castro Kepa , Sanchez‐Pinto Iban , Pérez Lucía , Yécora Beatriz , Sanz Macarena , Prieto‐Taboada Nagore , de la Fuente Ander , Martinez‐Arkarazo Irantzu , Azkarate Agustin , Yedra Ángel , Oroz Tamara , Arana Gorka , Madariaga Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis work describes the diagnostic study on the building materials, mostly carbonated, belonging to Santa Maria Cathedral and the Medieval Wall of Vitoria‐Gasteiz (Spain) with the aim to design the best conservation procedure. Both the studies of the lithology and the secondary compounds originated by environmental impacts on the Cathedral and on the Medieval Wall were carried out using laboratory instruments (μ‐Raman and micro‐energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and ion chromatography) on selected samples provided by the restorers. The systematic presence of black crusts in the stones of the Cathedral was related to the growth of microcrystalline structures of secondary compounds and biological patinas and the deposition of atmospheric particles from traffic and house heating systems. In fact, the main components identified were carbon, and iron compounds such as hematite, goethite, magnetite and lepidocrocite. In addition, the detection of lead compounds (lead‐rich hydroxyapatite) suggested in the same way the impact of the urban environment on the degradation and blackening of stone materials. The presence of sulfates, mainly gypsum, and, to a lesser extent, epsomite, anhydrite and bloedite could be caused by the sulfation of carbonated compounds as a result of an acid attack of atmospheric pollutants. The results on the secondary products of the Medieval Wall showed a greater presence of degradation by microorganisms compared to the Cathedral. This is probably related to the large garden surrounding the fortification, where the grass is in direct contact to the lower part of the structure. Markers of biological activity, such as carotenoid pigments and calcium oxalate weddellite, together with other soluble oxalates were identified. The presence of ammonium nitrate, characterised by means ion chromatography, causes a chemical degradation of carbonate stone materials over time, due to the acidic nature of the ammonium ion. In both cases considered in this study, the presence of nitrate compounds, nitratine and potassium nitrate, was attributed to both natural factors (ammonium nitrate is coming from the decomposition of plant and animal excretions), and anthropogenic contamination.
Utilization and survival outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early‐stage gastric cancer
Authors: Janczewski Lauren M. , Buchheit Joanna , Jacobs Ryan C. , Vitello Dominic , Wells Amy , Abad John , Bentrem David J. , Chawla Akhil 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGiven increased utilization of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for gastric adenocarcinoma, practice patterns deviating from standard of care (upfront resection) remain unknown. We sought to identify factors associated with NAT use and survival outcomes among early‐stage gastric cancers.MethodsThe National Cancer Database identified patients with early‐stage (T1N0M0) gastric cancer (2010−2020). Multivariable logistic regression assessed characteristics associated with NAT utilization compared to upfront surgery. After 1:1 propensity score matching, Kaplan−Meier methods and Cox regression assessed overall survival (OS).ResultsOf 6452 patients with early‐stage gastric cancer, 626 (9.7%) received NAT. Patients who received NAT were more likely treated at community hospitals, had moderate to poorly differentiated disease, and tumors located in the cardia (all p < 0.05). After propensity score matching, 1,248 patients remained. Median OS for NAT was 37.1 months (IQR 20.2−64.0) versus 45.6 months (IQR 22.5−72.8) for resection (p < 0.001). Treatment with NAT remained independently predictive of worse OS on Cox regression (hazard ratio 1.19; 95% confidence interval 1.05−1.34).ConclusionsAlthough patients who received NAT had more aggressive prognostic features, NAT was associated with worse OS despite accounting for this selection bias. These results highlight the importance of adhering to guidelines, regardless of differing disease characteristics, which has significant implications on outcomes.
Impact of comprehensive geriatric assessment on treatment strategies and complications in older adults with colorectal cancer considering surgery
Authors: Sugiyama Masahiko , Nishijima Tomohiro F. , Kasagi Yuta , Uehara Hideo , Yoshida Daisuke , Nagai Taichiro , Koga Naomichi , Kimura Yasue , Morita Masaru , Toh Yasushi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) in customizing care for elderly cancer patients, specifically focusing on colorectal cancer. The research compared treatment strategies and outcomes in older adults considered for surgery before and after the initiation of a Geriatric Oncology Service (GOS).MethodsConducting a comparative study, two cohorts of consecutive colorectal cancer patients aged 75 or older were examined: the control group (n = 156) and the GOS group (n = 158). Upon the treating surgeon's GOS consultation request, a geriatrician and an oncologist performed CGA, guiding treatment decisions and perioperative interventions. Postoperative complications were compared using propensity score matching (PSM).ResultsIn the GOS group, 91% (n = 116) underwent CGA consultations, influencing decisions to forego surgery in 12 patients. After PSM for surgical cases (controls n = 146, GOS n = 146), each group comprised 128 patients. Perioperative physical therapy and pharmacist referrals were more frequent in the GOS group. The GOS group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of postoperative complications (22%) compared to the control group (33%) (p = 0.0496).ConclusionPatients undergoing colorectal surgery post‐GOS implementation experienced a notable reduction in postoperative complications, highlighting the positive impact of personalized geriatric assessment on surgical outcomes in the elderly.
The synergistic anti‐corrosion performance and mechanism of meso‐tetra(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphine on steel bars in alkaline environments
Authors: Zhang Xue‐qi , Yue Qing‐xian , Ding Rui , Liu Jie 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCorrosion protection of steel bars in alkaline concrete environments poses a common challenge in marine engineering. One approach to mitigate steel bar corrosion is the addition of corrosion inhibitors to the concrete. In alkaline environments, the passivation of rebars occurs through anodic passivation coupled with the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The catalysis of ORR can expedite anode passivation. To investigate the corrosion inhibition of steel bars in alkaline environments, meso‐tetra(4‐carboxyphenyl)porphine (TCPP), known for its ORR catalytic properties, is selected. TCPP forms adsorption films on the surface of steel bars, facilitating the formation of passivation films. TCPP primarily adsorbs onto active sites on the surface of the passivation film, where lattice iron ions have leached. The adsorbed TCPP accelerates the formation of the passivation film through ORR catalysis, inhibiting the development of passivation film defects and enhancing the integrity and protection of the passivation film. The most significant effect is observed when the concentration of TCPP is 0.5 mmol/L. The physical adsorption of TCPP is primarily determined by the negative charge centers, namely the carboxyl group O and the pyrrole N. However, due to steric hindrance caused by the unrestricted rotation of the carboxyl benzene, the pyrrole N does not play a dominant role in chemical adsorption. Instead, the active site for chemical adsorption is the carboxyl group O. The adsorption process significantly reduces the diffusion coefficient of TCPP molecules, providing a robust and stable adsorption binding. Phthalocyanine molecules without carboxyl benzene groups adopt a planar structure, allowing them to form stable adsorption configurations on the iron surface through flat adsorption. This observation provides guidance for the design of novel metal phthalocyanine molecules. Specifically, the development of metal phthalocyanine molecules with modifying groups that are coplanar with the phthalocyanine ring and possess restricted rotation can achieve flat adsorption, improve coverage rate, and enhance adsorption configuration stability.
No difference between 5 and 6 weeks of non‐weight bearing after osteochondral grafts for medial osteochondral defects of the talus with medial malleolar osteotomy
Authors: Hollander Julian J. , Dahmen Jari , Buck Tristan M. F. , Rikken Quinten G. H. , Stufkens Sjoerd A. S. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeThe present study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and safety at a 1‐year follow‐up after 5 or 6 weeks of non‐weight bearing after a Talar OsteoPeriostic grafting from the Iliac Crest (TOPIC) for a medial osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT).MethodsA retrospective comparative case‐control analysis of prospectively followed patients who underwent a TOPIC procedure with medial malleolus osteotomy was performed. Patients were matched in two groups with either 5 or 6 weeks of non‐weight bearing. Clinical outcomes were evaluated using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) during walking, rest, running, and stairclimbing. Additionally, the Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle‐hindfoot score were assessed. Moreover, radiology and complications were assessed.ResultsEleven patients were included in the 5‐week non‐weight bearing group and 22 in the 6‐week non‐weight bearing group. No significant differences were found in any of the baseline variables. The NRS during walking in the 5‐week group improved by 3.5 points and 4 points for the 6‐week group (p = 0.58 at 1‐year post‐operatively). In addition, all other NRS scores, FAOS subscales and the AOFAS scores improved (all n.s. at 1 year follow‐up). No significant differences in radiological (osteotomy union and cyst presence in the graft) were found. Moreover, no significant differences were found in terms of complications and reoperations.ConclusionNo statistical significant differences were found in terms of clinical, radiological and safety outcomes between 5 or 6 weeks of non‐weight bearing following a TOPIC for a medial OLT.Level of EvidenceLevel III, Therapeutic.
Impact of modern recreational conveyances on rates of pediatric craniofacial fractures
Authors: Hirsch Scott , Wang Tammy , Mann Scott 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveTrauma remains the leading cause of death for children over a year old. Motorized recreational conveyances (RCs) adds another potential cause of pediatric trauma. This study aims to determine the impact of adding electric motors to RCs on the severity and frequency of pediatric injuries and craniofacial fractures.MethodsPediatric trauma information was obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) database between 2012 and 2021. Demographics, injury cause, diagnoses, and incident narrative were collected. Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine injury factors associated with serious injuries.ResultsOne million five hundred ninety‐six thousand five hundred fifty‐nine encounters were examined; 113,905 (7.1%) were related to pediatric RCs and 5354 (5.4%) of those involved RCs with electric motors. 14.3% of injuries were related to scooters, 18.6% to skateboards, 54.2% to bicycles, and 12.9% to other RCs. There were significant differences in age, sex, race, helmet use, serious injuries, and craniofacial fractures between RC modalities. RC users were more likely to develop facial fractures (OR 2.12; 95%CI 2.01, 2.23; p < .001) and be involved in serious injuries (OR 1.42; 95%CI 1.38, 1.46; p < .001). Compared to their self‐propelled counterparts, motorized scooters (OR 2.24; 95%CI 1.86, 2.69; p < .001) but not motorized skateboards (OR 1.01; 95%CI 0.88, 1.17; p = 0.88) were more likely to cause serious injuries. Helmet use was associated with fewer serious injuries (OR 0.5; 95%CI 0.46, 0.54; p < .001), facial fractures (OR 0.48; 95%CI 0.41, 0.55; p < .001), and skull fractures (OR 0.13; 95%CI 0.09, 0.17; p < .001).ConclusionsThe addition of electric motors to RCs significantly increases the risk of pediatric craniofacial fractures and serious injuries.Level of Evidence3.
On coupled semilinear evolution systems: Techniques on fractional powers of 4×4$4\times 4$ matrices and applications
Authors: Belluzi Maykel B. , Bezerra Flank D. M. , Nascimento Marcelo J. D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we provide several techniques to explicitly calculate fractional powers of operator matrices focusing on creating a theory that can be applied to distinct situations. To illustrate the abstract results developed, we consider its application in systems of coupled reaction–diffusion equations and in (strongly damped) wave equations. We also discuss how these techniques can be applied to higher order matrices and we specifically calculate the fractional powers of a operator matrix associated to a weakly coupled system of wave equation. In addition, we deal with the applicability of this analysis with respect to solvability, stabilization, regularity, smooth dynamics, and connection with evolutionary classic equation and its fractional counterpart.
Association between Hepatitis B virus infection and liver metastasis in colorectal cancer
Authors: Le Chenqin , Liu Chengcheng , Lu Bin , Zhou Xinbin , Jiamaliding Yeernaer , Jin Tian , Dai Siqi , Li Jun , Ding Kefeng , Xiao Qian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe association between Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remains ambiguous in current population‐based evidence. To clarify this, we present a retrospective analysis of 5871 colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to harmonize age and sex disparities within HBV+ (n = 1696) and HBV‐ (n = 4175) groups and further within HBV+ subgroups of chronic (CHB, n = 474) and occult (OHB, n = 1222) infections. Our initial results indicated a significant association between HBV infection and synchronous colorectal liver metastasis (SYN‐CRLM); however, this association dissipated after PSM was employed to adjust for confounding variables. No significant association was observed between HBV infection and metachronous colorectal liver metastases (MET‐CRLM) both before and after PSM. Further analysis revealed that HBV replication status did not influence the incidence of CRLM. However, HBV+ participants demonstrated an increased incidence of metachronous extrahepatic metastases, particularly to the lungs. Our findings imply that neither past nor present HBV infection is significantly correlated with the occurrence of SYN‐CRLM or MET‐CRLM. The absence of an association between HBV replication status and CRLM incidence highlights the importance of incorporating a broader range of factors in the clinical management of CRLM beyond the status of HBV infection.