bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of NaV1.6 channels is associated with the invasion capacity of human cervical cancer
Authors: Hernandez‐Plata Everardo , Ortiz Cindy S. , Marquina‐Castillo Brenda , Medina‐Martinez Ingrid , Alfaro Ana , Berumen Jaime , Rivera Manuel , Gomora Juan C. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractFunctional activity of voltage‐gated sodium channels (VGSC) has been associated to the invasion and metastasis behaviors of prostate, breast and some other types of cancer. We previously reported the functional expression of VGSC in primary cultures and biopsies derived from cervical cancer (CaC). Here, we investigate the relative expression levels of VGSC subunits and its possible role in CaC. Quantitative real‐time PCR revealed that mRNA levels of NaV1.6 α‐subunit in CaC samples were ∼40‐fold higher than in noncancerous cervical (NCC) biopsies. A NaV1.7 α‐subunit variant also showed increased mRNA levels in CaC (∼20‐fold). All four NaVβ subunits were also detected in CaC samples, being NaVβ1 the most abundant. Proteins of NaV1.6 and NaV1.7 α‐subunits were immunolocalized in both NCC and CaC biopsies and in CaC primary cultures as well; however, although in NCC sections proteins were mainly relegated to the plasma membrane, in CaC biopsies and primary cultures the respective signal was stronger and widely distributed in both cytoplasm and plasma membrane. Functional activity of NaV1.6 channels in the plasma membrane of CaC cells was confirmed by whole‐cell patch‐clamp experiments using Cn2, a NaV1.6‐specific toxin, which blocked ∼30% of the total sodium current. Blocking of sodium channels VGSC with tetrodotoxin and Cn2 did not affect proliferation neither migration, but reduced by ∼20% the invasiveness of CaC primary culture cells in vitro assays. We conclude that NaV1.6 is upregulated in CaC and could serve as a novel molecular marker for the metastatic behavior of this carcinoma.
Bistable switch in migration stimulating factor expression: Regulation by the concerted signalling of transforming growth factor‐β1 and the extracellular matrix
Authors: Schor Seth L. , Ellis Ian R. , Jones Sarah J. , Woolston Anne‐Marie , Schor Ana M. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractMigration stimulating factor (MSF) is an oncofetal motogenic/angiogenic cytokine constitutively expressed by epithelial and stromal cells in fetal and neoplastic tissues. Fibroblasts derived from healthy adult skin do not express MSF but can be induced to do so by treatment with transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). As the bioactivities of both MSF and TGF‐β1 are modulated by the extracellular matrix, we investigated whether the induction of MSF expression by TGF‐β1 is also matrix dependent. We now report that adult fibroblasts are induced to express MSF by a transient treatment with TGF‐β1 (as short as 2 hr) but only when the cells are adherent to a “wound” matrix, such as denatured type I collagen, fibrin or plastic tissue culture dishes. Unexpectedly, this induction of MSF expression persists unabated for the entire subsequent lifespan of the treated cells in the absence of further TGF‐β1 and irrespective of the substratum. Such “activated” MSF expression may, however, be persistently switched off again by a second transient exposure to TGF‐β1 but this time only when the cells are adherent to a “healthy” matrix of native type I collagen. Significantly, the constitutive expression of MSF by fetal and cancer patient fibroblasts could also be persistently switched off by this means. We conclude that TGF‐β1 may both switch on and switch off MSF expression in a manner critically determined by the nature of the matrix substratum and suggest that this may be a possible mechanism underlying the observed dual functionality of TGF‐β1 as both a tumour suppressor and tumour promoter.
MODELLING DRAINAGE WATER SALINITY FOR AGRICULTURAL LANDS UNDER LEACHING USING ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Authors: KAshefipour S.M. , Sadr M.K. , Naseri A.A. 
Published: May 2011

ABSTRACTIn this study, an artificial neural network (ANN) method was applied to model the electrical conductivity (EC) of drainage water, based on the effects of irrigation water quality parameters such as HCO3‐, Cl‐, SO42‐, Ca2+, Ma2+, Na+, area information (leaching area and planted area), weather conditions (temperature, evaporation and precipitation) and time (days and years of system in operation). Data (312 sets) for the years 2001–2008 were available from a site located in Shoeibieh, south‐west Iran. About 70% of these data were applied to train the model, 20% for verification and about 10% were used for a final test of the ANN model produced. Many runs were carried out with different combinations of the parameters. Comparison of the results obtained for the training, validation and test patterns with the corresponding measured values showed relatively good agreement between both sets of EC values. It was also found that the most important parameters for EC simulation were the years after leaching started and the water salinity of the Karoon River, the main water supply for these lands. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Adipose tissue‐derived stem cells display a proangiogenic phenotype on 3D scaffolds
Authors: Neofytou Evgenios A. , Chang Edwin , Patlola Bhagat , Joubert Lydia‐Marie , Rajadas Jayakumar , Gambhir Sanjiv S. , Cheng Zhen , Robbins Robert C. , Beygui Ramin E. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIschemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. Recent studies suggest that adipose tissue‐derived stem cells (ASCs) can be used as a potential source for cardiovascular tissue engineering due to their ability to differentiate along the cardiovascular lineage and to adopt a proangiogenic phenotype. To understand better ASCs' biology, we used a novel 3D culture device. ASCs' and b.END‐3 endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and vessel morphogenesis were significantly enhanced compared to 2D culturing techniques. ASCs were isolated from inguinal fat pads of 6‐week‐old GFP+/BLI+ mice. Early passage ASCs cells (P3‐P4), PKH26‐labeled murine b.END‐3 cells or a co‐culture of ASCs and b.END‐3 cells were seeded at a density of 1 × 105 on three different surface configurations: (a) a 2D surface of tissue culture plastic, (b) Matrigel, and (c) a highly porous 3D scaffold fabricated from inert polystyrene. VEGF expression, cell proliferation, and tubulization, were assessed using optical microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, 3D confocal microscopy, and SEM imaging (n = 6). Increased VEGF levels were seen in conditioned media harvested from co‐cultures of ASCs and b.END‐3 on either Matrigel or a 3D matrix. Fluorescence, confocal, SEM, bioluminescence revealed improved cell, proliferation, and tubule formation for cells seeded on the 3D polystyrene matrix. Collectively, these data demonstrate that co‐culturing ASCs with endothelial cells in a 3D matrix environment enable us to generate prevascularized tissue‐engineered constructs. This can potentially help us to surpass the tissue thickness limitations faced by the tissue engineering community today. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Reduction of protein adsorption and macrophage and astrocyte adhesion on ventricular catheters by polyethylene glycol and N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine
Authors: Harris Carolyn A. , Resau James H. , Hudson Eric A. , West Richard A. , Moon Candice , Black Andrew D. , McAllister James P. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractCellular obstruction of poly(dimethyl)siloxane (PDMS) catheters is one of the most prevalent causes of shunt failure in the treatment of hydrocephalus. By modifying PDMS using short‐ and long‐chain mono‐functional polyethylene glycol (PEG604 and PEG5K, respectively) and N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine via adsorption and covalent binding (NAC and NAC/EDC/NHS, respectively), we increased surface wettability. We hypothesized that these surface modifications would inhibit protein adsorption and decrease host macrophage and astrocyte adhesion. Tested in a bioreactor set to mimic physiological flow, all modified surfaces significantly decreased albumin adsorption compared with PDMS (p < 0.05) except for PEG604‐modified PDMS (p = 0.14). All four modification strategies significantly reduced (p < 0.01) fibronectin adsorption. PEG604, PEG5K, NAC, and NAC/EDC/NHS reduced the average level of macrophage adhesion by 53%, 63%, 40%, and 58% (p <.0.05 except when comparing PDMS with NAC) and astrocyte adhesion by 47%, 83%, 91%, and 72% (p < 0.05 except when comparing PDMS with PEG604), respectively. Combined with saline soak results which suggest that the surface wettability is stable over 30 days for each modification, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that these modifications decrease cell adhesion on catheters in vitro for the treatment of hydrocephalus. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2011.
Stereo‐specific inhibition of acetyl‐ and butyryl‐cholinesterases by enantiomers of cis,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate
Authors: Lin Ming‐Cheng , Yeh Shyh‐Jei , Chen I‐Ru , Lin Gialih 
Published: May 2011

AbstractEnantiomers of cis,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate show stereo‐specific inhibition for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. For both inhibition reaction, (2S,4aR,8aS)‐cis,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthyl‐N‐n‐ butylcarbamate is more potent than (2R,4aS,8aR)‐cis,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthyl‐N‐n‐butylcarbamate. Optically pure (2S,4aR,8aS)‐(−)‐ and (2R,4aS,8aR)‐(+)‐cis,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthols are resolved by the porcine pancreatic lipase‐catalyzed acetylation of decahydro‐2‐naphthols with vinyl acetate. Absolute configurations and the enantiomeric excess values of (2S,4aR,8aS)‐(−)‐ and (2R,4aS,8aR)‐(+)‐cis,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthols are determined from the 19F NMR spectra of their Mosher's ester derivatives. We fail to resolve (2S,4aR,8aR)‐ and (2R,4aS,8aS)‐trans,cis‐decahydro‐2‐naphthols from the porcine pancreatic lipase‐catalyzed acetylation of decahydro‐2‐naphthols with vinyl acetate. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:330–339, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20394
Re‐establishment of biting mouthparts in desert‐living dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) feeding on plant litter—Old structures reacquired or new ones evolved?
Authors: Holter Peter , Scholtz Clarke H. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractEvolution of mouthparts in adult dung beetles (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) for eating moist, fresh dung was linked with a loss of the ability to chew. However, the desert‐living genus Pachysoma, probably evolved from a wet‐dung feeding, Scarabaeus‐like ancestor, has switched to a diet of dry fecal pellets (of rodents or small ruminants) and plant litter that requires re‐establishment of chewing. Indeed, gut contents of a litter‐feeding Pachysoma species indicate efficient food comminution. Based on scanning electron microscopy, cutting and grinding mouthpart structures in six Pachysoma species, of two lineages and with different food preferences, are described and compared with homologous structures in wet‐dung feeding Scarabaeus species. In Pachysoma, cutting and breaking of large food items is probably performed by a clypeal scraper, a prominent epipharyngeal tooth and large maxillary galeal hooks. Further comminution is achieved by a large, grinding area evolved on the mandibular molae. Interspecific differences and the probable function and evolution of these structures are discussed. Particularly, the unique tools for cutting/breaking are completely novel structures and not results of some reacquisition of normal biting mouthparts. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Finite element modeling of shell shape in the freshwater turtle Pseudemys concinna reveals a trade‐off between mechanical strength and hydrodynamic efficiency
Authors: Rivera Gabriel , Stayton C. Tristan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractAquatic species can experience different selective pressures on morphology in different flow regimes. Species inhabiting lotic regimes often adapt to these conditions by evolving low‐drag (i.e., streamlined) morphologies that reduce the likelihood of dislodgment or displacement. However, hydrodynamic factors are not the only selective pressures influencing organismal morphology and shapes well suited to flow conditions may compromise performance in other roles. We investigated the possibility of morphological trade‐offs in the turtle Pseudemys concinna. Individuals living in lotic environments have flatter, more streamlined shells than those living in lentic environments; however, this flatter shape may also make the shells less capable of resisting predator‐induced loads. We tested the idea that “lotic” shell shapes are weaker than “lentic” shell shapes, concomitantly examining effects of sex. Geometric morphometric data were used to transform an existing finite element shell model into a series of models corresponding to the shapes of individual turtles. Models were assigned identical material properties and loaded under identical conditions, and the stresses produced by a series of eight loads were extracted to describe the strength of the shells. “Lotic” shell shapes produced significantly higher stresses than “lentic” shell shapes, indicating that the former is weaker than the latter. Females had significantly stronger shell shapes than males, although these differences were less consistent than differences between flow regimes. We conclude that, despite the potential for many‐to‐one mapping of shell shape onto strength, P. concinna experiences a trade‐off in shell shape between hydrodynamic and mechanical performance. This trade‐off may be evident in many other turtle species or any other aquatic species that also depend on a shell for defense. However, evolution of body size may provide an avenue of escape from this trade‐off in some cases, as changes in size can drastically affect mechanical performance while having little effect on hydrodynamic performance. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Activity of the ovarian germinal epithelium in the freshwater catfish,Pimelodus maculatus(Teleostei: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes): Germline cysts, follicle formation and oocyte development
Authors: Quagio‐Grassiotto Irani , Grier Harry , Mazzoni Talita Sarah , Nóbrega Rafael Henrique , de Arruda Amorim João Paulo 
Published: May 2011

AbstractDistinct types of oogonia are found in the germinal epithelium that borders the ovarian lamellae ofPimelodus maculatus: A‐undifferentiated, A‐differentiated and B‐oogonia. This is similar to the situation observed for spermatogonia in the vertebrate testis. The single A‐undifferentiated oogonia divide by mitosis giving rise to A‐groups of single differentiated oogonia, each enclosed by epithelial cells that are prefollicle cells. Subsequently, the single A‐differentiated oogonia proliferate to generate B‐oogonia that are interconnected by cytoplasmic bridges, hence, forming germline cysts. The prefollicle cells associated with them also divide. Within the germline cysts, B‐oogonia enter meiosis becoming oocytes. Meiotic prophase and early folliculogenesis occur within the germline cysts. During folliculogenesis, prefollicle cells grow between the oocytes, encompassing and individualizing each of them. The intercellular bridges disappear, and the germline cysts are broken down. Next, a basement membrane begins to form around the nascent follicle, separating an oocyte and its associated prefollicle cells from the cell nest. Folliculogenesis is completed when the oocyte and the now follicle cells are totally encompassed by a basement membrane. Cells derived from the ovarian stroma encompass the newly‐formed ovarian follicle, and become the theca, thereby completing the formation of the follicle complex. Follicle complexes remain attached to the germinal epithelium as they share a portion of basement membrane. This attachment site is where the oocyte is released during ovulation. The postovulatory follicle complex is continuous with the germinal epithelium as both are supported by a continuous basement membrane. The findings inP. maculatusreinforce the hypothesis that ovarian follicle formation represents a conserved process throughout vertebrate evolution. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
GCM projections for the Pacific Decadal Oscillation under greenhouse forcing for the early 21st century
Authors: Lapp Suzan L. , St. Jacques Jeannine‐Marie , Barrow Elaine M. , Sauchyn David J. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe climatology and hydrology of western North America display strong periodic cycles which are correlated with the low‐frequency Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The PDO's signature is seen throughout the entire North Pacific region, with related significant associations to hydrology and ecology in western North America and northeastern Asia. Therefore, the status of the PDO in a warmer world caused by anthropogenic climate change is of great interest. We developed early 21st‐century projections of the PDO, using data from archived runs of the most recent high‐resolution global climate models from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report (Phase 3 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project). Because of the geographical adjacency and hypothesized interactions between the PDO and the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and between the PDO and the North Atlantic Oscillation/Arctic Oscillation (NAO/AO), we also developed concurrent projections of ENSO and the NAO and examined their relationships with the projected PDO. For the B1, A1B and A2 Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) emission scenarios, the PDO projections for 2000–2050 showed a weak multi‐model mean shift towards more occurrences of the negative phase PDO, which becomes statistically significant for the time period 2000–2099. However, not all the models showed a consistent shift to negative PDO conditions. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
A new method for abrupt dynamic change detection of correlated time series
Authors: He Wenping , Feng Guolin , Wu Qiong , He Tao , Wan Shiquan , Chou Jifan 
Published: May 2011

AbstractOn the basis of detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), a new method, moving cut data‐DFA (MC‐DFA), was presented to detect abrupt dynamic change in correlated time series. The numerical tests show the capability of the presented method to detect abrupt change time‐instants in model time series generated by Logistic map. Moving DFA (MDFA) and approximate entropy (ApEn) can provide some information such as a single time‐instant of abrupt dynamic change, but both of them cannot exactly detect all of the abrupt change regions. Some traditional methods, such as moving t‐test, Cramer method, Mann–Kendall test and Yamamoto method, even cannot provide any information of abrupt dynamic change in these model time series. Meanwhile, results showed that windows sizes and strong noise have some less effect on the MC‐DFA results. In summary, MC‐DFA provides a reliable measure to detect the abrupt dynamic change in correlated time series, and perfectively make up the deficiencies of MDFA and ApEn. The applications in daily surface air pressure records further verify the validity of the present method. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
The Quaternary Lancaster Sound trough‐mouth fan, NW Baffin Bay
Authors: Li Gang , Piper David J.W. , Calvin Campbell D. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThe development of the Lancaster Sound Trough Mouth Fan (TMF) and glacial history in Arctic Canada were studied using a high‐resolution seismic profile across the entire fan and two piston cores. Stacked tills separated by erosion surfaces on the shelf pass seaward through till deltas into thick transparent glacigenic debris flow (GDF) deposits on the slope, separated by thin, well‐stratified glaciomarine layers. An age model was built by ties to the Ocean Drilling Program Site 645. The deepest GDF on the seismic profile was indicative of the onset of shelf‐crossing glaciation in the Early Pleistocene. The transition of the growth of Lancaster Sound TMF from an aggradational sequence (unit M) to an aggradational–progradational sequence (unit F) occurred at the Middle Pleistocene transition in glacial cyclicity. In the most recent glacial cycle, GDF sheets were deposited during Heinrich events 4 and 2 according to the correlation of the main detrital carbonate beds in two piston cores. The outmost till wedge reflects the maximum advance of the grounding glacier, far seaward of previously proposed Last Glacial Maximum ice extent. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Weighted inequalities for the one‐sided geometric maximal operators
Authors: Salvador Pedro Ortega , Torreblanca Consuelo Ramírez 
Published: May 2011

AbstractWe characterize the pairs of weights (u, v) such that the one‐sided geometric maximal operator G+,  defined for functions f of one real variable by

verifies the weak‐type inequality

or the strong type inequality

for 0 < p < ∞.We also find two new conditions which are equivalent to A+∞. © 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
A toenail flap based on the fibro‐osseous hiatus branch for fingernail reconstruction
Authors: Ki Sae H. , Hwang Kun , Kim Dong H. , Hwang Sejin , Han Seung H. 
Published: May 2011

AbstractThis study included two parts: 1) cadaver dissection to elucidate the perfusion of toenail flaps by the fibro‐osseous hiatus branch (FHB), and 2) clinical application of the toenail flap for reconstruction of a fingernail defect. Four second toes of two fresh Korean cadavers were dissected. The plantar digital artery (PDA) and terminal segment branch (TSB) were ligated, and red latex was injected distally into the ligated PDA. Perfusion of the dye into the toenail bed through the FHB was observed. From Oct 2004 to Sep 2009, eight toenail flaps based on the FHB pedicle with or without the distal phalanx and pulp were applied to seven patients for finger nail reconstruction. The toenail flap was marked at 5 mm distal to the nail fold and 5 mm lateral to the paronychium. The toenail complex based on the FHB was elevated and transferred to the finger. The nail and matrix were elevated with or without including the distal phalanx. The results of perfusion study showed that one side of the unilateral FHB was identified and traced proximal to the PDA, which was ligated. The distal toenail bed was perfused by the dye through the FHB. In clinical application, all the toenail flaps flourished and survived. We suggest that the toenail flap based on the FHB may be useful for fingernail reconstruction with minimal donor morbidity. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2011.
Sternocleidomastoid region restoration with lateral hemisoleus muscle incorporatied in free fibular flap for reconstruction of radical neck dissection and hemimandibulectomy
Authors: Ersoy Burak , Sönmez Ahmet , Bayrami̇çli̇ Mehmet 
Published: May 2011

AbstractIn the treatment of head and neck carcinoma, radical cervical lymphadenectomy leaves the affected side of the neck devoid of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, thus more vulnerable to the unwanted side effects of the adjuvant radiotherapy. It also causes asymmetry and cosmetically unpleasant appearance of the cervical region. In the reported case with widely ulcerated squamous‐cell carcinoma over mandible, hemimandibulectomy and radical neck dissection was performed. Following the mandibular reconstruction, the lateral hemisoleus muscle of the harvested osteomyocutaneous fibula flap was utilized to restore the ipsilateral sternocleidomastoid region. This new application promises to be a useful method, which can aid in the restoration of the aesthetic contour of the neck and provide protection against unwanted effects of the adjuvant radiotherapy on the ipsilateral carotid artery. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery 2011.