bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's preference for HAS and LOCATED relations: A word learning bias for noun–noun compounds
Authors: KROTT ANDREA , GAGNÉ CHRISTINA L. , NICOLADIS ELENA 
Published: June 2009

ABSTRACTThe present study investigates children's bias when interpreting novel noun–noun compounds (e.g.kig donka) that refer to combinations of novel objects (kig and donka). More specifically, it investigates children's understanding of modifier–head relations of the compounds and their preference for HAS or LOCATED relations (e.g. a donka that HAS a kig or a donka that is LOCATED near a kig) rather than a FOR relation (e.g. a donka that is used FOR kigs). In a forced-choice paradigm, two- and three-year-olds preferred interpretations with HAS/LOCATED relations, while five-year-olds and adults showed no preference for either interpretation. We discuss possible explanations for this preference and its relation to another word learning bias that is based on perceptual features of the referent objects, i.e. the shape bias. We argue that children initially focus on a perceptual stability rather than a pure conceptual stability when interpreting the meaning of nouns.
Exploration of biomarkers for total fish intake in pregnant Norwegian women
Authors: Brantsæter Anne Lise , Haugen Margaretha , Thomassen Yngvar , Ellingsen Dag G , Ydersbond Trond A , Hagve Tor-Arne , Alexander Jan , Meltzer Helle Margrete 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectiveFew biomarkers for dietary intake of various food groups have been established. The aim of the present study was to explore whether selenium (Se), iodine, mercury (Hg) or arsenic may serve as a biomarker for total fish and seafood intake in addition to the traditionally usedn-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA.DesignIntake of fish and seafood estimated by an FFQ was compared with intake assessed by a 4 d weighed food diary and with biomarkers in blood and urine.SettingValidation study in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).SubjectsOne hundred and nineteen women.ResultsTotal fish/seafood intake (median 39 g/d) calculated with the MoBa FFQ was comparable to intake calculated by the food diary (median 30 g/d,rS= 0·37,P< 0·001). Erythrocyte DHA and blood Hg, Se and arsenic concentrations were positively correlated with intake of fish and seafood, but the association for DHA was weakened by the widespread use of supplements. The main finding was the consistent positive association between the intake of fish/seafood and blood arsenic concentration. In multivariate analyses, blood arsenic was associated with blood Hg and fish and seafood intake. In these models, arsenic turned out to be the best indicator of intake of fish and seafood, both totally and in subgroups of fish/seafood intake.ConclusionsWhile DHA reflected the intake of fatty fish andn-3 PUFA supplements, blood arsenic concentration also reflected the intake of lean fish and seafood. Blood arsenic appears to be a useful biomarker for total fish and seafood intake.
Parenting practices are associated with fruit and vegetable consumption in pre-school children
Authors: O’Connor Teresia M , Hughes Sheryl O , Watson Kathy B , Baranowski Tom , Nicklas Theresa A , Fisher Jennie O , Beltran Alicia , Baranowski Janice C , Qu Haiyan , Shewchuk Richard M 
Published: June 2009

AbstractObjectiveParents may influence children’s fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption in many ways, but research has focused primarily on counterproductive parenting practices, such as restriction and pressure to eat. The present study aimed to assess the association of diverse parenting practices to promote F&V and its consumption among pre-school children.DesignAn exploratory analysis was performed on cross-sectional data from 755 Head Start pre-school children and their parents collected in 2004–5. Data included parent practices to facilitate child F&V consumption (grouped into five categories); parent-reported dietary intake of their child over 3 d; and a number of potential correlates. K-means cluster analysis assigned parents to groups with similar use of the food parenting practice categories. Stepwise linear regression analyses investigated the association of parent clusters with children’s consumption of F&V, after controlling for potential confounding factors.ResultsA three-cluster solution provided the best fit (R2 = 0·62), with substantial differences in the use of parenting practices. The clusters were labelled Indiscriminate Food Parenting, Non-directive Food Parenting and Low-involved Food Parenting. Non-directive parents extensively used enhanced availability and teachable moments’ practices, but less firm discipline practices than the other clusters, and were significantly associated with child F&V intake (standardized β = 0·09, P < 0·1; final model R2 = 0·17) after controlling for confounders, including parental feeding styles.ConclusionsParents use a variety of parenting practices, beyond pressuring to eat and restrictive practices, to promote F&V intake in their young child. Evaluating the use of combinations of practices may provide a better understanding of parental influences on children’s F&V intake.
Cognitive errors assessed by observer ratings in bipolar affective disorder: relationship with symptoms and therapeutic alliance
Authors: Kramer Ueli , Bodenmann Guy , Drapeau Martin 
Published: June 2009

AbstractThe construct of cognitive errors is clinically relevant for cognitive therapy of mood disorders. Beck's universality hypothesis postulates the relevance of negative cognitions in all subtypes of mood disorders, as well as positive cognitions for manic states. This hypothesis has rarely been empirically addressed for patients presenting bipolar affective disorder (BD). In-patients (n= 30) presenting with BD were interviewed, as were 30 participants of a matched control group. Valid and reliable observer-rater methodology for cognitive errors was applied to the session transcripts. Overall, patients make more cognitive errors than controls. When manic and depressive patients were compared, parts of the universality hypothesis were confirmed. Manic symptoms are related to positive and negative cognitive errors. These results are discussed with regard to the main assumptions of the cognitive model for depression; thus adding an argument for extending it to the BD diagnostic group, taking into consideration specificities in terms of cognitive errors. Clinical implications for cognitive therapy of BD are suggested.
Individualisierte Schulung und Beratung auf der Intensivpflegestation bei Patienten mit akutem Koronarsyndrom: Ein Pilotprojekt zur Forschungsanwendung
Authors: Weibel Lukas , Schäfer Ursi Barandun , Imhof Romy Mahrer 
Published: June 2009

Patientinnen und Patienten mit akutem Koronarsyndrom werden im Verlauf ihres Spitalaufenthaltes über ihre Erkrankung und deren Therapie meist nur nach subjektivem Gutdünken der Betreuenden informiert. Es erfolgt keine systematische Einschätzung des individuellen Informationsbedürfnisses der Betroffenen zu einem frühen Zeitpunkt der Hospitalisierung. In einem Pilotprojekt wurde auf einer kardiologischen Intensivpflegestation eines Universitätsspitals die Informationsbedürfnisse mittels des Cardiac Patients Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI) systematisch erhoben und eine erste Schulung und Beratung zu den dringendsten Informationsbedürfnissen angeboten. Abschließend wurden die Patientinnen und Patienten nach der Anwendbarkeit des Fragebogens, ihrer Zufriedenheit mit der Schulung und Beratung sowie ihrem subjektiv empfundenen Wissenszuwachs befragt. Die Analyse erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistik und Inhaltsanalyse. Fünf Patientinnen und fünf Patienten (zwischen 38 und 78 Jahren) mit akutem Koronarsyndrom wurden in das Pilotprojekt eingeschlossen. Die Informationsbedürfnisse konnten von den Patientinnen und Patienten gut benannt werden. Die Befragten gaben nach einer Schulungsintervention an, dass das Wissensdefizit reduziert wurde und ihre Zufriedenheit mit dem Angebot hoch war. Basierend auf diesen ersten positiven Resultaten wird eine Implementierung der frühen systematischen Erfassung der Informationsbedürfnisse und individualisierten Schulung bei Patienten mit akutem Koronarsyndrom auf der Intensivstation empfohlen.
Consistency of Hearing Aid Use in Infants With Early-Identified Hearing Loss
Authors: Moeller Mary Pat , Hoover Brenda , Peterson Barbara , Stelmachowicz Pat 
Published: June 2009

Purpose
To examine the consistency of hearing aid use by infants. A goal was to identify maternal, child, and situational factors that affected consistency of device use.

Method

Maternal interviews were conducted using a nonvalidated structured interview (Amplification in Daily Life Questionnaire
)
that included 5-point Likert scale items and open-ended questions. Participants were mothers of 7 infants with mild to moderately severe hearing loss who were enrolled in a longitudinal study. Data were collected at 4 intervals (10.5–12, 16.5, 22.5, and 28.5 months old).

Results
Consistency of amplification use was variable at early ages but improved with age. By age 28.5 months, toddlers used amplification regularly in most settings. Selected daily situations (e.g., in car or outdoors) were more challenging for maintaining device use than contexts where the child was closely monitored. Only 2 families established early, consistent full-time use across all contexts examined. Qualitative results were used to identify familial, developmental, and situational variables that influenced the consistency of infant/toddler device use.

Conclusion
Families may benefit from audiologic counseling that acknowledges the multifaceted challenges that arise. Audiologists can work in partnership with families to promote consistent device use across a variety of daily situations.
Do Experienced Hearing Aid Users Know How to Use Their Hearing Aids Correctly?
Authors: Desjardins Jamie L. , Doherty Karen A. 
Published: June 2009

PurposeTo assess experienced hearing aid users' ability to use their hearing aids correctly.MethodIn this study, we developed the Practical Hearing Aid Skills Test (PHAST) to objectively test a hearing aid user’s ability to manipulate his or her hearing aids. The PHAST requires hearing aid users to perform 8 hearing aid care and use tasks that are basic skills typically taught to new hearing aid users at the time of their hearing aid fitting. The PHAST was administered to a group of 50 experienced hearing aid users. In addition, participants were administered questionnaires about hearing aid satisfaction (i.e., Satisfaction With Amplification in Daily Life; R. M. Cox & G. C. Alexander, 1999), benefit (i.e., Abbreviated Profile of Hearing Aid Benefit; R. M. Cox & G. C. Alexander, 1995), and use.ResultsParticipants' performance on the PHAST ranged from 48% to 100%, and the scores were normally distributed around the mean (78.56%). No significant relationship was observed between the PHAST and any of the other tests administered in this study. The only variable significantly associated with participants' performance on the PHAST was age.ConclusionsResults from this study suggest that experienced hearing aid users range from having an excellent understanding of how to use their hearing aids to a poor understanding. The variability in performance among experienced hearing aid users highlights the importance of directly assessing a client’s ability to use his or her hearing aids.
Radiographic absorptiometry as a screening tool in male osteoporosis: results from the odense androgen study
Authors: Hansen S. J. , Nielsen M. M. F. , Ryg J. , Wraae K. , Andersen M. , Brixen K. 
Published: June 2009

Background: Osteoporosis screening with dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) is not recommended due to low diagnostic utility and costs. Radiographic absorptiometry (RA) determines bone mineral density (BMD) of the phalangeal bones of the hand and is a potential osteoporosis pre-screening tool. Purpose: To determine the ability of RA to identify patients with osteoporosis in a male population. Material and Methods: As part of the Odense Androgen Study, we measured BMD of the intermediate phalanges of the second to fourth finger, lumbar spine (L2–L4), and total hip in 218 men aged 60–74 years (mean 68.8 years), randomly invited from the population, using RA (MetriScan) and DXA (Hologic 4500-A). Osteopenia and osteoporosis were defined as a T-score of less than −1.0 and -2.5, respectively, in the hip and/or lumbar spine. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were computed. Results: BMDRA of the phalanges correlated significantly with BMDDXA of the hip ( R=0.47, P<0.001) and lumbar spine ( R=0.46, P<0.001). A total of 105 men (48.2%) were osteopenic and 15 (6.9%) osteoporotic. The AUC (SE) value for detecting osteoporosis was 0.75 (0.06). The sensitivity and specificity of RA in identifying osteoporosis were 0.93 and 0.50, respectively. Conclusion: BMDRA correlated weakly with BMDDXA of the lumbar spine and total hip, and RA has a moderate ability to identify osteoporotic individuals. Nevertheless, RA may be used as a pre-screening tool in men, since the diagnosis may be ruled out in half the population at little cost.
The validity of the new york radiological grading criteria in diagnosing sacroiliitis by computed tomography
Authors: Geijer M. , Gadeholt Göthlin G. , Göthlin J. H. 
Published: June 2009

Background: Sacroiliitis in ankylosing spondylitis has frequently been graded radiographically using the New York (NY) criteria, which also have been applied in computed tomography (CT). Purpose: To validate the grading of the NY criteria in CT of the sacroiliac joints. Material and Methods: With the aid of the NY criteria, assessment of inflammatory and degenerative changes was made in 1304 CT studies. Assessment included erosions, the distribution, type, and width of sclerosis, and the involvement of the joints in sacroiliitis, as well as of normal anatomic variants such as joint space width and shape. Results: There was definite radiological sacroiliitis in 420 joints in 251 patients. Among these, more than two-thirds of the joint was involved in 71.0% of the affected joints. Sclerosis of the ilium was much more prevalent than sacral sclerosis. With increasing NY grade, iliac sclerosis, width, and extent increased, transition from sclerosis to normal bone became indistinct, and the structure of sclerosis was more inhomogeneous. Erosions of the joint surfaces were localized predominantly on the iliac side. Conclusion: Only erosions seem to be a valid solitary diagnostic sign. Solitary erosions need supplemental evidence from other inflammatory signs. Inflammatory sclerosis may be distinguished from degenerative sclerosis, and can sometimes support early diagnosis. Joint space width, joint shape, bone mineral content, or enthesopathy have no place in sacroiliitis diagnosis on CT. The NY criteria are not ideal for use with CT. A practical classification of sacroiliitis on CT is proposed, with a grading of no disease, suspected disease, and definite disease.
Stent implantation in chronic mesenteric ischemia
Authors: Aksu C. , Demirpolat G. , Oran I. , Demirpolat G. , Parildar M. , Memis A. 
Published: June 2009

Background: Chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI) is a life-threatening disorder, which is usually associated with stenosis or occlusion of celiac or mesenteric arteries. Purpose: To review our experience and to assess short-term results of stent placement in stenotic mesenteric arteries. Material and Methods: Primary stent placement was performed in 15 patients who had nausea, vomiting, postprandial pain, and weight loss due to steno-occlusive diseases of mesenteric arteries. After stenting, the patients were followed clinically and with Doppler ultrasound at 1, 6, and 12 months. Symptomatic patients with restenosis were examined with digital subtraction angiography and were referred for retreatment with balloon dilatation. Results: Twenty-three stenoses and 11 occlusions were detected in 15 patients, and 18 stenoses were treated with primary stenting. Single-vessel endovascular treatment was performed in 12 patients. In three patients, two arteries were stented in the same session. Technical success rate was 18/18 (100%). Clinical success was achieved in 13/15 (86.6%) patients. First-month mortality was 13%. During the mean 16.1-month follow-up period, restenoses developed in three patients. One of them was successfully treated with balloon angioplasty. Primary patency was 9/11 (81%) and primary assisted patency was 81% at 12 months. The complication rate was 1/15 patients (0.06%). Conclusion: Our experience suggests that stent placement has a potential role in chronic mesenteric ischemia with low incidence of complications and high technical and clinical success rates.
Ultrasonography-guided core needle biopsy in differential diagnosis of papillary breast tumors
Authors: Bode M. K. , Rissanen T. , Apaja-Sarkkinen M. 
Published: June 2009

Background: Papillary lesions of the breast are considered diagnostically challenging for various reasons. A relatively high malignancy rate in final pathological analysis has in many cases necessitated excision of these lesions, regardless of core needle biopsy (CNB). Purpose: To assess mammographic, sonographic, and CNB findings of papillary lesions, and to correlate them with final histology obtained by surgical excision. Material and Methods: From 2000–2006, 29 benign and 19 malignant papillary tumors examined with CNB were surgically removed. Mammographic, sonographic, and CNB results were analyzed and correlated with final histology. Results: On ultrasonography (US), 69% (20/29) of the benign lesions were solid and 31% (9/29) were cystic, and 47% of the malignant lesions (9/19) were solid and 53% (10/19) were cystic. The mammographic findings were nonspecific, although most of the malignant tumors (67%, 12/18) were categorized as BI-RADS 4 lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of the core needle biopsy histology was 32% (6/19), 100% (29/29), and 100% (6/6), respectively, for papillary carcinoma. A negative predictive value of 91% (21/23) for malignancy and 48% (11/23) for either atypia or malignancy was shown. Of the lesions with CNB diagnosis of benign papillary lesion with atypia, 58% (11/19) turned out to be malignant and 11% (2/19) were benign on surgery. Conclusion: The probability of malignancy is low when the CNB result shows a benign papillary lesion with no atypia. However, the only way to reliably diagnose atypical papillary lesions is to surgically remove all papillary tumors, irrespective of the CNB result. Differentiation between benign and malignant lesions or malignant noninvasive and invasive tumors is not possible based on sonographic or mammographic appearance.
Healthcare-Associated Infection in Italy Annual Point-Prevalence Surveys, 2002–2004
Authors: Lanini Simone , Jarvis William R. , Nicastri Emanuele , Privitera Gaetano , Gesu Giovanni , Marchetti Federico , Giuliani Luigi , Piselli Pierluca , Puro Vincenzo , Nisii Carla , Ippolito Giuseppe ,   INF-NOS Study Group (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio delle Infezioni Noscomiali)
Published: June 2009

Objective.Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. During the period from 2002 through 2004, a group of Italian hospitals was recruited to conduct HAI point-prevalence surveys.Design.Three point-prevalence surveys.Methods.A total of 9,609 patients were surveyed.Results.The overall frequency of HAI was 6.7% (645 infections among the 9,609 surveyed patients). The most frequent HAIs were lower respiratory tract infections, which accounted for 35.8% (231 of 645 HAIs) of all HAIs, followed by urinary tract infections (152 [23.6%] of 645 HAIs), bloodstream infections (90 [14.0%] of 645 HAIs), and surgical site infections (79 [12.2%] of 645 HAIs). In both multivariate and univariate analysis, invasive procedures, duration of stay, chemotherapy, trauma, coma, and the location of the hospital were all factors statistically significantly associated with the occurrence of an HAL Enterobacteriaceae were the most common isolates recovered in medical and surgical wards, whereas gram-negative aerobic bacilli were the most common isolates recovered in intensive care units. Approximately one-half of all of the patients surveyed were receiving antibiotics at the time of our study; the most used antibiotic classes were fluoroquinolones in medical wards, cephalosporins in surgical wards, and penicillins and glycopeptides in intensive care units.Conclusion.Our study emphasizes the need for implementing further HAI surveillance to provide the National Health System with proper tools to prevent and manage infection in hospitalized patients.
Subaltern strategies and autonomous community building: a critical analysis of the network organization of sustainable agriculture initiatives in Andhra Pradesh
Authors: Kumbamu Ashok 
Published: June 2009

Abstract
This paper examines and analyses the organization and functioning of subaltern peasant sanghams (grassroot associations of the poor) and their place-based as well as network-based strategies in building autonomous local communities that challenge the consequences of neoliberal globalization in general and the commodification of agriculture and food in particular. The major objective of the counter-hegemonic organizational strategies is to build self-protective and subsistence communities, to mend the metabolic rift between nature and society, and to re-reconstruct social fabric within communities. The question remains is whether place-based autonomous communities can sustain in an increasingly globalizing world. To better understand these political dynamics, I use Karl Polanyi's concept of ‘double movement’ and examine the making of a double movement in Indian agriculture and its socio-political and ecological implications for the Indian peasantry. I use the organizational strategies and activities of the Deccan Development Society, a prominent non-governmental organization that has been working in Medak district for more than two decades, as an illustrative case study.