bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Adrenocortical Responseto both Pharmacological and Physiological Stressesin Sport Horses
Authors: Linden A. , Art T. , Amory H. , Desmecht D. , Lekeux P. 
Published: May 2010

SummarySeven sport horses were investigated to compare physiological and pharmacological stresses on the plasma glucocorticosteroid levels.Venous blood was sampled and analysed for Cortisol concentrations before and after each type of stress. The physiological stress was induced by the completion of a cross‐country and the pharmacological one, by an intravenous ACTH administration (200 μg) in the same horses, one week after the course.Both exercise and ACTH injection induced a highly significant Cortisol increase of 79±0. 10% and 160±0. 18%, respectively. The relative plasma Cortisol increases due to exercise on the one hand, and due to ACTH administration on the other hand, were correlated with a coefficient of 0. 82. It was concluded that the plasma Cortisol increase induced by a standardised pharmacological stress could be used in order to predict the exercise‐induced stress response.
Intermediate Filaments in DMBA‐Induced Mammary Adenocarcinomas in Rats
Authors: Pena L. , Flores J. M. , Castano M. , Gonzalez M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryExperimental DMBA (7,12‐dimethylbenzanthracene)‐induced mammary tumours in rats were studied. Microscopic examination revealed a high rate of adenocarcinomas (95. 3% in 148 mammary tumours studied).An immunohistochemical study of cytoskeleton intermediate filaments (I. F.) showed cytokera‐tins in neoplastic epithelial cells; myoepithelial cells expressed cytokeratins, vimentin and desmin. Finally we propose the immunocytochemical localization of desmin as a useful method to recognize myoepithelial proliferation areas in mammary tumours.
Mast Cells in Normal and Pathological Specimens of the Equine Lung
Authors: Winder . N. Christine , von Fellenberg R. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn lungs from 22 horses, the number and type of mast cells in histologically normal specimens were compared with those in specimens with various histological lesions. Tissues fixed in Carnoy's solution were superior to those fixed in formalin for the identification of mast cells. Fixation of lung specimens from eight horses in Carnoy's solution and formalin allowed the identification of two subpopulations of mast cells: formalin‐sensitive, which predominated and formalin‐resistant. Specimens with mild chronic tracheitis and mild and moderate chronic bronchitis generally had slight increases in mast cell numbers in comparison to histologically normal specimens. An increase in mast cell numbers was also observed around small and large bronchioles with mild, moderate and severe bronchiolitis and in fibrosed pulmonary pleurae in comparison to specimens with no histological lesions. The most striking increase in mast cell numbers was seen in fibrosed alveolar septa; there were approximately four times as many mast cells in these specimens as in specimens with normal histology.
Dyschondroplasie Tibiale du Dindon de Chair: Étude Morphometrique en Relation avec les Boîteries
Authors: Cherel Y. , Wyers M. , Evain L. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTibial dyschondroplasia in turkeys: some relationships between morphometrical measurements and lamenessThe tibiotarsal bones from 1,084 15‐week‐old growing commercial male turkeys, half of which clinically lame, were examined for dyschondroplasia.Lesions were a cone of retained cartilage, confined to the postero‐medial area of the proximal metaphysis of the tibiotarsus. Densified woven bone was present around the largest lesions associated with thickening of the diaphyseal cortex below the lesion. Length of abnormal cartilage varied from 0. 1cm to 5. 3 cm. Width never exceeded 2. 9cm. Half of the affected turkeys showed unilateral localization of dyschondroplasie lesions. The percentage of damaged tibias was 54 per cent and the percentage of affected turkeys was more than 70 per cent. The incidence of dyschondroplasia was the same in lame and clinically healthy turkeys but, on average, lame turkeys exhibited longer lesions than clinically normal birds. The tibias of lame turkeys were more curved than the tibias of healthy ones as well in the anterio‐posterior projection as in the latero‐medial one. The latero‐medial projection of incurvation was correlated with the length of dyschondroplasie lesions.RésuméLa fréquence et la morphologic macroscopique de la dyschondroplasie tihiale est étudièe sur 1084 tibias de dindons de chair (boiteux et non boiteux) de 15 semaines. La lésion se presente comme un cone cartilagineux situe en zone postero‐mediale de la metaphyse proximale du tibia et dont le sommet est tourne vers la diaphyse. Lorsqu'elle est importante, on observe une densification de l'os spongieux autour de la lésion et un épaississement de la corticale diaphysaire situeé sous la lésion.La hauteur du cône lésionnel varie de 0,1 à 5,3 cm. Les lésions sont unilateralés dans la moitié de cas.Le pourcentage de tibias lésés est de 54%, le pourcentage d'animaux atteints est supérieur à 70%.La fréquence lésionnelle est identique chez les animaux boiteux et non boiteux mais les tibias des animaux boiteux présentent en moyenne une lésion de taille supérieure á celle des dindons non boiteux.Les animaux boiteux présentent des tibias plus incurves dans le plan antéro‐posterieur et dans le plan latéro‐médial que les dindons normaux.L'incurvation dans le plan latéro‐médial est correlée á la hauteur de la lésion de dyschondro‐plasie.
A Functioning Udder in a Male Goat
Authors: Dafalla E. A. , Ramadan R. O. , Gamee A. A. , Gaul A. K. A. , Alhendi A. B. , Moudawi M. M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA functioning udder is described in a 7‐year‐old Nubian male goat. The defect was not observed in any of his several off‐springs. His semen had few dead sperms and his serum testosterone level was low. The udder was removed surgically. Histologically, the udder showed dense connective tissue lobules composed of acinar or tubulo‐acinar structures and the teat orifice had no muscle sphincter.
IgM‐Nephropathie (‐Nephritis) bei Krallenaffen (Primates, Anthropoidea, Platyrrhini, Callitrichidae)
Authors: Brack M. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIgM‐Nephropathy (‐Nephritis) in Callitrichids (Primates, Anthropoidea, Platyrrhini, Callitrichidae)A spontaneously occurring IgM‐mediated mesangioproliferative nephropathy was detected in 91 % of tamarins and marmosets over 6 months old. Intraglomerular IgM deposits could be demonstrated in all animals, usually in a mesangial pattern and in some cases along the glomerular endothelia.The clinical signs were hematuria and proteinuria. The progressive disease remains silent for long periods, but is directly or indirectly related to the death of 10–20% of the affected animals. Morphological characteristics are those of mesangial hyperplasia accompanied by subacute to chronic tubulointerstitia! inflammation. The calHtrichid IgM‐nephropathy is compared to similar human immunocomplex nephropathies.ZusammenfassungEs wird iiüber das Auftreten einer bisher bei Krallenaffen nicht beschriebenen IgM‐Nephropathie berichtet. 91 % aller untersuchten 231 Tiere iiber 6 Monate Alter hatten derartige Veranderungen, bei 100 % waren intraglomerular IgM meist als mesangiale Ablagerungen, in Einzelfiällen als Ansammlungen entlang des Schlingenendothels nachweisbar. Die Kränkheit aufßierte sich klinisch in Hämaturien und Proteinurien, verlief schleichend bis zum Nierenversagen durch Glomerulumsklerose bei etwa 10–20% der Tiere und war vor allem durch Mesangiumproliferationen und tubulointerstitielle Nephritiden gekennzeichnet. Vergleiche zu menschlichen Immunkomplex‐Nephropathien werden angestellt.
A Comparison Between the Main Clinical Signs of Milk Fever in Cows with Those of Hypocalcaemia Induced by Na2EDTA Solution
Authors: Fenwick D. C. , Daniel R. C. W. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn one study, 6 cows with high erythrocyte potassium concentrations (HK cows) and 7 with low erythrocyte potassium concentrations (LK cows) were infused with 4. 7% Na2EDTA solution intravenously for 4 h. The immediately observable clinical signs and the sequelae over a period of weeks were recorded and compared. There were no differences in the clinical responses of HK or LK cows to the infusion of Na2EDTA.In a second study, these clinical signs plus those produced experimentally by three other research groups were compared with both the clinical signs of milk fever recorded in three text books and those observed by one of the authors over a period of 25 years in dairy cattle practice. All of the clinical signs of milk fever occurred in the experimental model, but there were extra signs (excessive salivation, excessive lip and tongue actions, and tail lifting) which were not present or recorded in naturally occurring cases of hypocalcaemia.Hypocalcaemia induced in cows by the intravenous infusion of 4. 7% Na2EDTA solution is a reasonably good model for the reproduction of the clinical signs of milk fever, but because of the extraneous signs, and the unusual nature of the subsequent deaths of 3 of 13 cows infused for 4 h, and the death of 1 of 2 cows infused for 4 h daily for 3 days, the model may not be a valid one for periods longer than 4 h in cows.
Ultrastructural Changes in Brown Swiss Cattle Affected with Bovine Progressive Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy (Weaver Syndrome)
Authors: Hamidi M. El , Leipold H. W. , Cook J. E. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThirty Brown Swiss cattle, 7 to 30 months old, clinically affected with the weaver syndrome and five clinically normal Brown Swiss were studied. Ultrastructural examination mainly of the thoracic spinal cord revealed axonal changes accompanied by degeneration of myelin sheaths that were fragmented and lamellae vesiculated. The degeneration was accompanied by moderate gliosis and phagocytosis of degenerated myelin. There were no inflammatory changes. The ultrastructural changes may represent a disturbance of axoplasmic transport and subsequent axonal degeneration.
Abschätzung der Dosis zur Radiojodresektion der Schilddrüse bei männlichen Wistar‐Ratten
Authors: Hanauer G. , Schroth H. J. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryEstimation of the Radioiodine Dose necessary for Complete Ablation of the Thyroid Gland in Male Wistar RatsThe aim of this investigation was to determine the radioiodine dose necessary for the ablation of the thyroid gland in male Wistar rats. By a mathematical extrapolation of the kinetics of iodine‐131, the radioisotope dose in the thyroid was calculated to be 467971 or 401540 rad after an intraperitoneal administration of 1 times 0. 8mCi (29. 6MBq) or 1 × l. 0mCi (37. 0MBq) iodine‐131, respectively. Because lower radioiodine activities did not result in a complete destruction of the thyroid (controlled by scintigraphic methods), it can be concluded that about 400000 rad are necessary for the complete ablation of the thyroid gland by radioiodine.ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Untersuchung befaßt sich mit der Radiojoddosis, die zur Ausschaltung der Thyreoidea bei männlichen Wistar‐Ratten erforderlich ist. Anhand der 131Jodkinetik des Ganztieres konnte die Dosis (t = 0) in der Schilddrüse mathematisch extrapoliert werden. Nach Applikation von l × 0,8mCi (29,6MBq) bzw. l × l. 0mCi (37,0MBq) l3lJ i. p. ergab die Radiojoddosis 467 971 bzw. 401 540 rad. Da geringere Aktivitäten nur zu einer szintigraphisch nachgewiesenen Teilresektion führten, kann davon ausgegangen werden, daß etwa 400 000 rad zur vollständigen Radiojodresektion der Schilddrüsen bei männlichen Wistar‐Ratten erforderlich sind.
Vergleichende Untersuchung der Inulin‐und Creatinin‐Clearance beim Schwein
Authors: Wendt M. , Waldmann K. ‐H. , Bickhardt K. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryComparison between the Clearance of Inulin and Endogenous Creatinine in PigsEndogenous creatinine clearance was determined in 5 healthy female pigs of different body weight simultaneously to the clearance of inulin. The average creatinine clearance (3.74 ± 0.57mg/min/kg) has been found to be 7% higher than inulin clearance indicating some tubular secretion of creatinine. However, since this difference was not significant, the endogenous creatinine clearance is a practicable method for the measurement of glomerular filtration rate in swine. Data of creatinine concentration in plasma and of creatinine excretion showed close relationships to the body weight. It is discussed, whether the glomerular filtration rate can be predicted from the creatinine concentration in plasma and creatinine excretion, which might be estimated from the body weight without quantitative urine collection.ZusammenfassungEs wurde die endogene Creatinin‐Clearance an 5 gesunden weiblichen Schweinen verschiedener Gewichtsklassen im Vergleich zur Inulin‐Clearance untersucht. Die durchschnittlich um 7% höhere Creatinin‐Clearance (3,74 ± 0,57 ml/min/kg) deutet auf eine tubuläre Creatinin‐Sekretion hin. Die Unterschiede waren jedoch nicht signifikant, so daß die Creatinin–Clearance beim Sehwein eine brauchbare Möglichkeit darstellt, um die glomeruläre Filtrationsrate zu bestimmen. Deutliche Abhän‐gigkeiten zum Körpergewicht ergaben sich für die Creatinin‐Plasmakonzentration und die Creatinine Ausscheidung. Es wird diskutiert, die glomeruläre Filtrationsrate ohne die Bestimmung des Harnzeit‐volumens allein aus der Creatinin‐Plasmakonzentration und der nach dem Gewicht geschätzten Creatinin‐Exkretion zu berechnen.
Metyrapone and Adrenal Response in Stressed Calves*
Authors: Agnes F. , Sartorelli P. , Picotti G. B. , Arrigoni C. , Locatelli A. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe effects on some hematochemical stress indices of previously administered metyrapone (750 mg given orally six times every 4 hours) were evaluated in calves submitted to simulated transport for 30 min. The plasma Cortisol increases were significantly lower than those observed in untreated calves of the same age, sex and breed. Plasma adrenaline and NEFA increased similarly in both groups of calves during simulated transport and were unaffected by metyrapone administration.The results indicate that in cattle, as in other animals, metyrapone inhibits Cortisol biosynthesis. Under our experimental conditions, the rise of NEFA, a well known stress index, seems mainly to be related to adrenaline release.
Untersuchungen zur Freßfiaktivität, Spontanaktivität und Körperkerntemperatur von Braunrücken‐Tamarinen (Saguinus fuscicollis)1,2
Authors: Petry H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryStudies on Eating Behaviour, Spontaneous Activity, and Body Temperature in Saddle Back Tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis)Eating behaviour and spontaneous activity (videometry) as well as deep body temperature (radiotelemetry) of 3 adult Saddle Back Tamarins (Saguinus fuscicollis) were investigated (singly housed, environmental temperature 28°C, relative air humidity 60%, light 6:00—18:00 h, drinkingwater and pelleted colony diet ad lib.). The experimental animals (1 female, 2 males; 3–8 years old), born in captivity, showed only some slight individual differences within their inborn species pattern, with regard to the 3 measured parameters. The monkeys were, like wild‐living individuals, strictly light‐active. They moved in the day‐time nearly uninterrupted without special rhythm and slept remarkably deep through the whole night. Food intake occurred during the whole day with varying intensity. The body temperature of the 3 monkeys showed individual daytime‐means between 38.8–39.9 °C, whereby the temperature fluctuated dependent on their moving activity with a range of about ± 0.5 °C. At night the body temperature of the animals averaged between 35.9–36.6 °C.ZusammenfassungEs wurden Freßfiaktivität und spontane Bewegungsaktivität (Videometrie) sowie Körperkerntemperatur (Radiotelemetrie) von 3 erwachsenen Braunrücken‐Tamarinen (Saguinus fuscicollis; 3—8 Jahre alt) untersucht (Käfigeinzelhaltung, 28 °C Umgebungstemperatur, 60% rel. Luftfeuchte, Licht 6—18 Uhr, Tränke und pelletierte Koloniediät ad lib.). Die in Gefangenschaft geborenen Versuchstiere (1 Weibchen, 2 Männchen) zeigten bezüglich der 3 Me***fiparameter innerhalb der Variabilität ihres angeborenen Artenmusters ihr mehr oder weniger ausgeprägtes Individualmuster. Die 3 Affen waren ‐ wie ihre freilebenden Artgenossen ‐ streng lichtaktiv und bewegten sich tagsüber ohne besonderen Rhythmus nahezu ununterbrochen; nachts schliefen sie durchgehend und tief. Die Futteraufnahme erfolgte mit wechselnder Intensität während des ganzen Tages. Die Körpertemperatur der 3 Affen schwankte tagsüber in Abhängigkeit zu ihrer Bewegungsaktivität mit etwa ± 0,5 °C um einen individuell etwas unterschiedlichen, zwischen 38,8—39,4 °C liegenden Tagesmittelwert. In der Nacht fiel die Körpertemperatur der Tiere auf Durchschnittswerte von 35,9—36,6 °C ab.
Changes in Feeding Behavior and Plasma Vasopressin Concentration during Water Deprivation in Goats*
Authors: Langhans W. , Scharrer E. , Meyer A. H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTo further characterize the suppression of feeding that normally accompanies water deprivation and to test whether vasopressin contributes to this hypophagia, food intake, meal patterns and plasma vasopressin concentrations were measured during 24 h or 72 h of water deprivation in pygmy goats. The effects of exogenous vasopressin and of a V1‐receptor antagonist on feeding during water deprivation were also assessed. The hypophagia during water deprivation was primarily due to decreases in meal size. The plasma vasopressin concentration increased about 2.5‐fold and 10‐fold after 24 and 72 h of water deprivation, respectively. Plasma osmolality also increased (measured only after 72 h of water deprivation). Intraperitoneally (ip) injected vasopressin (1.5 μ/kg b. wt.) that previously reduced food intake in goats with ad lib. access to water (Meyer et al., 1989), failed to affect cumulative food intake in water deprived goats, but led to a transient increase in meal size. The V1‐receptor antagonist (2.5 μ/kg b. wt., ip) did not affect cumulative food intake or meal patterns either. These findings indicate that endogenous vasopressin is not crucially involved in the hypophagia during water deprivation. The results are in line with the hypothesis that an abnormal prandial increase in the osmolality of the ruminal fluid is a major contributor to the hypophagia during water deprivation.
Influence of Various Adjuvants on the Synthesis of Specific Antibodies of Chicken, Sheep and Rabbit Following Immunization with an Hapten*
Authors: Erhard M. , Kellner J. , Kühlmann R. , Lösch U. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryIn order to obtain high amounts of specific antibodies against the hapten methylphosphoric acid, para‐aminophenyl‐1,2,2‐trimethyl‐propyldiester (MATP) different animals were immunized with MATP coupled to the carrier protein human serum albumin (MATP12‐HSA) using several adjuvants.The best specific immune response in sheep, rabbit and chicken was reached with Freund's complete adjuvant with animal specific differences being tested by an ELISA. The adjuvants aluminium hydroxide (5% and 10%) and diphosphoryl lipid A showed no significant difference compared to the control group (NaCl with MATP12‐HSA). In rabbits and chickens MATP12‐HSA can be used to reach an immune response without the help of an adjuvant.
The Combined Use of Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors inKlebsiella pneumoniae‐induced Bovine Mastitis
Authors: Rose D. M. , Giri S. N. , Cullor J. S. , Bushnell R. B. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryThe effect of combined administration of flunixin meglumine (FM) and nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) on milk prostaglandin F2a(PGF2a) and leukotriene B4(LTB4) concentrations, and inflammatory indicators of bovine mastitis was examined. Mastitis was induced in six Holstein cows by the inoculation ofKlebsiella pneumoniaevia the teat canal. Four cows were intravenously treated with FM (1.1 mg/kg) and NDGA (10 mg/kg) 1 hour prior to bacterial inoculation and again at post inoculation hour (PIH) 11. Two control cows were intravenously treated with equivalent volume doses of sterile isotonic saline solution at the same post inoculation time points.Combined use of FM and NDGA was effective in reducing elevations in milk PGF2alevels and slightly effective in reducing elevations in milk LTB4levels in the mastitic cows. Elevations in milk bovine serum albumin (BSA) levels were partially reduced during the early post inoculation time period in the FM and NDGA treated cows as compared to the saline treated control cows. Milk somatic cell counts from inoculated quarters were not significantly altered by FM and NDGA treatment. Elevations in rectal temperature were not reduced by FM and NDGA treatment, but clinical signs of quarter inflammation (warmth and swelling) were reduced by FM and NDGA treatment.
A Technique for the Collection of Reticular Effluent of Sheep
Authors: Harmeyer J. , Michalowski T. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTwo sheep were equipped with rumen and omasal fistulae. A teflon tube with 1 mm outer diameter (OD) was permanently fixed between the abomasal fistula and the reticulo‐omasal orifice. The effluent sampling tube was introduced through the abomasal canula, through the omasal canal into the reticulo‐omasal orifice by aid of the teflon tube. The technique allowed direct collection of reticular effluent from sheep. Intermittent flow of reticular effluent was observed. The moments of flow coincided with the end of the second phase of reticular contractions. From the flow pattern it was concluded that the motility of the reticulo‐omasal orifice was not affected by the sampling procedure. From the similarities in the pH values, DM contents, and total protozoal counts in the effluent and in the reticular samples, it was concluded that representative samples of effluent could be obtained by the method. One animal was used for sampling for a period of eight months and then again 21/2 years later. A fraction of 97 to 98% of the DM present in the reticular effluent and in the reticular samples passed a sieve with 1 mm pore size. From the analyses of reticular content and reticular effluent it was concluded that the reticulo‐omasal orifice does not have a significant discriminating function for the selective passage of particles and protozoa into the omasum.
Cytogenetic Characterization of Mammary Tumors in Two Domestic Dogs
Authors: Mayr B. , Gilli H. , Schleger W. , Reifinger M. , Burtscher H. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryTumor cells of two cases of mammary neoplasms in dog were investigated cytogenetically. An 11‐year‐old cocker spaniel showed a marker X‐chromosome in most metaphases (80%). In a 12‐year‐old poodle, tumor cells with the following abnormalities were found: trisomy 1, monosomy X and two marker chromosomes.
Radiology of the Avian Skull
Authors: Kostka V. , Krautwald‐Junghanns M.‐E. , Tellhelm B. 
Published: May 2010

SummaryA standard radiographic anatomy of the skulls of three genera of birds (Psittacines, Accipitrines, Passerines) is worked out and illustrated by drawings.The African grey parrot is described as a standard. All detectable anatomical structures are identified and set into relationship to discernable structures in cockatoos (Cacatua galerita galerita), common buzzards (Buteo buteo) and mynah birds (Gracula religiosa).