bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant toripalimab plus chemotherapy for resectable stage II-IIIB non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations: A multi-center, multi-cohort, exploratory study.
Authors: Cheng Sida , Wei Zihan , Li Hecheng , Li Mingru , Liao Yongde , Xu Song , Yan Xiaolong , Yang Desong , Yue Dongsheng , Zhong Wenzhao , Zhou Lixin , Chang Geyun , Yan Xiang , Yang Fan 
Published: June 2024

TPS8120 Background: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has been widely applied in the treatment of resectable stage II-IIIB NSCLC patients without driver gene mutation. However, as for the EGFR-positive patients, the therapeutic effect of neoadjuvant treatment, either TKI or chemotherapy, is far from satisfied and the outcome of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in these patients remains an unanswered but crucial question. Herein, we conducted a phase 2 prospective trial (NCT05962021). Methods: This is a multicenter, multi-cohort prospective phase 2 study in the treatment-naïve patients with resectable stage II-IIIB (N2) (AJCC 8th edition) non-squamous NSCLC harboring EGFR mutations (19DEL or L858R). Enrolled patients will be divided into two cohorts according to EGFR status and receive neoadjuvant toripalimab (240mg, q3w) plus platinum-based doublet chemotherapy (pemetrexed 500mg/m2 plus carboplatin AUC 5, q3w) for 3 cycles. Surgery will be performed after completion of neoadjuvant therapy based on the multidisciplinary discussion, while local radiotherapy will be considered if the patient cannot undergo surgery due to disease progression. Key inclusion criteria: non-squamous NSCLC, resectable stage II-IIIB (N2), EGFR mutations (19DEL or L858R), age≥18 years, ECOG PS 0-1 and adequate cardiopulmonary function. Exclusion criteria: prior systemic anticancer treatment, contraindication to immunotherapy, active autoimmune disease. Adequate pre-treatment tissue samples are required for RT-PCR or next-generation sequencing to determine the EGFR mutation status and PD-L1 expression immunohistochemical detection. The primary study endpoint is complete pathological response (pCR) rate, per blinded independent pathologist review. Simon's optimal two-stage design will be used to test the null hypothesis of pCR rate ≤5% and alternative hypothesis of pCR rate ≥15%, and 5 or more pCRs among 56 patients per arm are needed for the primary endpoint to be met. Secondary endpoints include major pathological response (MPR) rate, pCR/MPR rate in different EGFR mutation subgroups (19DEL or L858R) and different PD-L1 expression subgroups (TPS < 1% and ≥ 1%), event-free survival and safety and tolerability. Peripheral blood, stool and tissue samples will be obtained longitudinally at baseline, during perioperation and at follow-ups for exploratory analysis. Clinical trial information: NCT05962021 .
A phase II exploratory trial of adebrelimab in combination with chemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy as a first-line treatment for oligo-metastatic extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: Dong Zhong-Yi , Wei Wei , Ruan Yingchen , Bai Xue , Li Qisheng 
Published: June 2024

TPS8131 Background: Oligometastasis of extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) is an intermediate state between local and extensive metastasis, characterized by reduced metastatic potential and a limited number of metastatic sites, which makes local treatment of each lesion possible. Multiple clinical studies have shown that adding local therapy to standard systemic therapy can improve the prognosis of patients with oligometastatic disease. The PD-L1 inhibitor adebrelimab combined with chemotherapy has become one of the standard regimens for first-line treatment of ES-SCLC. Based on these, we hypothesize that in patients with oligometastatic ES-SCLC at risk of early progression, the early addition of chest radiotherapy and stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) for metastatic lesions to first-line treatment with adebrelimab combined with chemotherapy may be expected to achieve local control, thereby improving survival benefits. Methods: This is a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, phase II exploratory trial. Patients will be eligible if they are 18 to 75 years of age; have histopathologically or cytologically confirmed ES-SCLC with the number of metastatic lesions of ≤ 5 and organ metastasis of ≤ 3 (i.e. oligometastases); have an ECOG PS of 0-1; and have no previous systemic treatment. The treatment period in this trial is subdivided into induction therapy, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and consolidation and maintenance therapy. In the induction setting, patients will receive two 3-week cycles of adebrelimab (20 mg/kg on day 1), carboplatin (AUC of 5 mg/mL per min on day 1)/cisplatin (75 mg/m2 on day 1), and etoposide (100 mg/m2 on days 1-3). Patients who achieve partial response or stable disease after induction therapy will then receive concurrent chemoradiotherapy, of which chemotherapy regimen is the same as the induction setting. Radical IMRT radiotherapy (2.5-3 Gy/f, total dose 45-55 Gy) will be performed for the primary tumor in the chest and lymph node region, and SBRT radiotherapy will be given to metastatic lesions. Prophylactic cranial irradiation is optional. After the end of chemoradiotherapy, patients will receive 1-2 cycles of consolidation treatment with the same regimen as induction treatment, followed by adebrelimab monotherapy (20 mg/kg on day 1, q3w) as maintenance treatment until disease progression, intolerance toxicity, or up to 2 years of adebrelimab. The total cycle number of chemotherapy is 4-6. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints are objective response rate, duration of response, overall survival (OS), 6-month and 1-year PFS rates, 1-year and 2-year OS rates, and safety. The trial is under recruitment, and a total of 62 patients are planned to be enrolled. Clinical trial information: NCT06177925 .
Automatic segmentation and quantification of OCT images before and after cataract surgery using deep learning
Authors: Ruiz-Calvo Andrés , Ansah Derick , Celik Ugur , MacRae Scott , Marcos Susana , Martínez-Enríquez Eduardo 
Published: June 2024

Obtaining quantitative geometry
of the anterior segment of the eye, generally from optical coherence
tomography (OCT) images, is important to construct 3D computer eye
models, used to understand the optical quality of the normal and
pathological eye and to improve treatment (for example, selecting the
intraocular lens to be implanted in cataract surgery or guiding
refractive surgery). An important step to quantify OCT images is
segmentation (i.e., finding and labeling the surfaces of interest in
the images), which, for the purpose of feeding optical models, needs
to be automatic, accurate, robust, and fast. In this work, we designed
a segmentation algorithm based on deep learning, which we applied to
OCT images from pre- and post-cataract surgery eyes obtained using
anterior segment OCT commercial systems. We proposed a feature pyramid
network architecture with a pre-trained encoder and trained,
validated, and tested the algorithm using 1640 OCT images. We showed
that the proposed method outperformed a classical
image-processing-based approach in terms of accuracy (from 91.4% to
93.2% accuracy), robustness (decreasing the standard deviation of
accuracy across images by a factor of 1.7), and processing time (from
0.48 to 0.34 s/image). We also described a method for the 3D models’
construction and their quantification from the segmented images and
applied the proposed segmentation/quantification algorithms to
quantify 136 new eye measurements (780 images) obtained from OCT
commercial systems.
Move Well, Feel Good: Feasibility and acceptability of a school-based motor competence intervention to promote positive mental health
Authors: Fairclough Stuart J. , Clifford Lauren , Foweather Lawrence , Knowles Zoe R. , Boddy Lynne M. , Ashworth Emma , Tyler Richard 
Published: June 2024

Background
In response to the adverse impacts of the COVID-19 lockdown measures Move Well, Feel Good (MWFG) was developed as a school intervention using improvement of motor competence as a mechanism for promoting positive mental health. Study objectives were to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of MWFG and to describe changes in child-level outcomes.

Methods
Five northwest England primary schools were recruited. MWFG was delivered over 10-weeks through physical education (PE) lessons, which were supplemented by optional class-time, break-time, and home activities. The intervention focused on development of 9–10 year-old children’s motor competence in locomotor, object control, and stability skills, and psychosocial skills. Feasibility was evaluated against nine pre-defined criteria using surveys, interviews (teachers), and focus groups (children). Pre- and post-intervention assessments of motor competence, mental health, prosocial behaviour, wellbeing, and 24-hour movement behaviours were also completed.

Results
The five recruited schools represented 83% of the target number, 108 children consented (54% of target) with teachers recruited in all schools (100% of target). Intervention dose was reflected by 76% of the 45 scheduled PE lessons being delivered, and adherence was strong (>85% of children attending ≥75% of lessons). Positive indicators of acceptability were provided by 86% of children, 83% of PE teachers, and 90% of class teachers. Data collection methods were deemed acceptable by 91% of children and 80% of class teachers, and children spoke positively about participating in the data collection. Child-level outcome data collection was completed by 65%-97% of children, with a 3%-35% attrition rate at post-intervention, depending on measure. Favourable changes in motor competence (+13.7%), mental health difficulties (-8.8%), and prosocial behaviour (+7.6%) were observed.

Conclusions
MWFG is an acceptable and feasible motor competence intervention to promote positive mental health. Content and delivery modifications could inform progression to a pilot trial with a more robust design.
Association of urinary excretion rates of uric acid with biomarkers of kidney injury in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease
Authors: López Iglesias Antía , Blanco Pardo Marta , Rodríguez Magariños Catuxa , Pértega Sonia , Sierra Castro Diego , García Falcón Teresa , Rodríguez-Carmona Ana , Pérez Fontán Miguel 
Published: June 2024

Background
The potential influence of hyperuricemia on the genesis and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. In general, the correlation between blood levels of uric acid (UA) and the rate of progression of CKD is considered to be modest, if any, and the results of relevant trials oriented to disclose the effect of urate-lowering therapies on this outcome have been disappointing. Urinary excretion rates of UA could reflect more accurately the potential consequences of urate-related kidney injury.

Method
Using a cross-sectional design, we investigated the correlation between different estimators of the rates of urinary excretion of UA (total 24-hour excretion, mean urinary concentration, renal clearance and fractional excretion)(main study variables), on one side, and urinary levels of selected biomarkers of kidney injury and CKD progression (DKK3, KIM1, NGAL, interleukin 1b and MCP)(main outcome variables), in 120 patients with advanced CKD (mean glomerular filtration rate 21.5 mL/minute). We took into consideration essential demographic, clinical and analytic variables with a potential confounding effect on the explored correlations (control variables). Spearman’s rho correlation and nonlinear generalized additive regression models (GAM) with p-splines smoothers were used for statistical analysis.

Main results
Multivariate analysis disclosed independent correlations between urinary UA concentrations, clearances and fractional excretion rates (but not plasma UA or total 24-hour excretion rates of UA), on one side, and the scrutinized markers. These correlations were more consistent for DKK3 and NGAL than for the other biomarkers. Glomerular filtration rate, proteinuria and treatment with statins or RAA axis antagonists were other independent correlates of the main outcome variables.

Conclusions
Our results support the hypothesis that urinary excretion rates of UA may represent a more accurate marker of UA-related kidney injury than plasma levels of this metabolite, in patients with advanced stages of CKD. Further, longitudinal studies will be necessary, to disclose the clinical significance of these findings.
A latent class analysis of international change and continuity in adolescent health and wellbeing: A repeat cross-sectional study
Authors: Stevely Abigail K. , Gray Laura A. , Fairbrother Hannah , Fenton Laura , Henney Madeleine , Kersbergen Inge , Holmes John 
Published: June 2024

Background
Since the early 2000s, there have been marked trends in adolescent health and wellbeing indicators across Europe, North America and Australia. In particular, there have been substantial declines in youth drinking. We know little about how these trends are underpinned by co-occurring indicators within individuals. This paper aims to analyse change over time in how indicators cluster within individuals and differences in these patterns between five countries with different trends in youth drinking.

Methods
We analysed four waves of repeat cross-sectional survey data from 15-year-olds in England (n = 5942), Italy (n = 5234), the Netherlands (n = 5408), Hungary (n = 5274), and Finland (n = 7446), which were included in the Health Behaviours in School-aged Children (HBSC) study between 2001/02 and 2013/14. We defined clusters of individuals using multigroup latent class analyses which accounts for change over time. The class indicators included health behaviours, attitudes, wellbeing and relationships. We modelled associations between class membership, sex, and family affluence over time.

Results
We identified four classes in all countries: Overall unhealthy, Overall healthy, Moderately healthy and Substance abstainers with behaviour risk indicators. The proportion of adolescents in the Overall unhealthy class declined between 2001/02 and 2013/14 by between 22.8 percentage points (pp) in England and 3.2pp in Italy. The extent to which indicators of health and wellbeing changed as linked clusters differed across countries, but changes in alcohol consumption, smoking, drug use and sexual activity were typically concurrent. Adolescents with low family affluence were more likely to be in the Overall unhealthy class in all years.

Conclusions
Improvements in indicators of adolescent health and well-being are due mainly to concurrent declines in drinking, smoking, sexual activity, and cannabis use, but these declines are not consistently associated with improvements in other domains. They have also not led to reductions in inequalities in indicators of health and well-being.
A new species of the genus Amberboa (Asteraceae) from Dagestan
Authors: Murtazaliev Ramazan A. 
Published: June 2024

A new species of the genus Amberboa (Asteraceae) from Dagestan is described, which was previously mixed with A. glauca. The new species differs from the latter in the large size of capitula, marginal flowers, achenes, and longer pappus. In addition, the color of the corolla in the described species is dark pink, while in A. glauca it is light pink. Amberboa daghestanica also differs in almost glabrous involucres and longer (up to 10 mm) receptacle pellicles, while A. glauca has involucres with tomentose-arachnoid pubescence, and receptacle pellicles about 4–5 mm long. The area of the new species covers the limestone mid-mountain Dagestan, while A. glauca occurs only in the lower foothills. The differences between the new species and A. moschata, a species from Southern Transcaucasia, are also shown.
Lectotypification and comments on the taxonomic status of Taraxacum pobedimovae Schischk. (Asteraceae: Crepidinae)
Authors: Fateryga Valentina V. , Kuluev Bulat R. , Svirin Sergey A. , Fateryga Alexander V. 
Published: June 2024

Taraxacum pobedimovae Schischk. was previously considered a synonym of T. hybernum Steven. The type of the former species consists of several plants mounted on a single specimen, which were found to belong to two different taxa: typical T. hybernum and the species previously referred to as the pinkish-achened form of T. hybernum. The lectotype of T. pobedimovae corresponding to the pinkish-achened form is designated. Taraxacum pobedimovae differs from T. hybernum by pinkish (not brown) achenes which are longer and with narrower spinules in comparison with those of the latter species. In addition, T. pobedimovae usually has larger and more numerous leaves with prominently purple veins, longer scapes, and larger capitula, as well as a larger and more branched root. The differences between these two species were confirmed by RAPD, ISSR, and SSR markers as well. The length of the achene beak, previously reported as the diagnostic character, is not useful to distinguish T. pobedimovae from T. hybernum.
Revealing the effects of amino acid, organic acid, and phytohormones on the germination of tomato seeds under salinity stress
Authors: Karakan Faika Yarali , Kaymak Haluk Caglar , Akan Selen , Ercisli Sezai , Assouguem Amine , Ullah Riaz , Ali Essam A. , Fidan Hafize 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Salinity accumulation poses a threat to the production and productivity of economically important crops such as tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Currently, salt tolerance breeding programs have been limited by insufficient genetic and physiological knowledge of tolerance-related traits and a lack of an efficient selection domain. For that purpose, we aimed to determine the ability of tomato cultivars to tolerate salt based on seed traits by multiple biochemical pathways. First, we tested three tomato cultivars according to their response to different sodium chloride (NaCl) concentrations (0, 6.3, 9.8, 13.0, and 15.8 dS m−1) and then we analysed their amino acids, organic acids, and phytohormones. Considering the results of germination traits, it is possible to conclude that cultivar H-2274 was more tolerant to salt stress than others. As a result, multivariate discriminant analysis including principal component analysis and two-way hierarchical clustering analyses were constructed and demonstrated that tomato cultivars were separated from each other by the amino acid, organic acid, and phytohormone contents. Considering germination traits of tomato seeds, cv. ‘H-2274’ was more tolerant to salinity than others depending on high proline (29 pmol µl−1) and citric acid (568 ng µl−1) assays. Biochemical variability offers a valuable tool for investigating salt tolerance mechanisms in tomatoes, and it will be appreciated to find high-tolerant tomato cultivar(s) to saline conditions. Also, the findings of this study have significant potential for practical applications in agriculture, particularly in developing salt-tolerant tomato cultivars to enhance productivity in saline environments and address socio-economic challenges.
Using fuzzy analytical hierarchy process for road transportation services management based on remote sensing and GIS technology
Authors: Beshr Ashraf A. A. , Israil Magdy , Ismail Azza S. , Heneash Usama G. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The importance of site selection for road transportation management and emergency services has been underscored, particularly in the wake of the global Covid-19 pandemic in addition to road accident injuries, which emphasized the need for swift patient, injured and wounded peoples transfer to hospitals. As a result, comprehensive road transportation management is essential during crises to ensure the safety and convenience of road users. To achieve effective road network management, a robust database is imperative. The aim of this study is to employ multi-criteria decision analysis with the aid of Geographical Information System (GIS) technology and remote sensing for the optimization of site selection for traffic signals, fire stations, and emergency services in Kafr El-Sheikh city, Egypt. The methodology incorporates two different methods which are Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) and the spline transformation method. The integration of Fuzzy set theory with AHP principles has given rise to a variant of AHP known as F-AHP. F-AHP combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. Fuzzy logic handles situations that are vague or poorly defined by assigning numerical values. Through the F-AHP approach, criteria that decision-makers unanimously deem “absolutely not important” in comparison to others are eliminated, allowing them to focus on the most significant criteria. As a case study, an Egyptian city was selected to apply these techniques. The results revealed multiple sites that were identified and selected through the applied analytical methods. These selected sites were also marked on the city map and verified in reality.
MakeSBML: a tool for converting between Antimony and SBML
Authors: Jardine Bartholomew E. , Smith Lucian P. , Sauro Herbert M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We describe a web-based tool, MakeSBML (https://sys-bio.github.io/makesbml/), that provides an installation-free application for creating, editing, and searching the Biomodels repository for SBML-based models. MakeSBML is a client-based web application that translates models expressed in human-readable Antimony to the System Biology Markup Language (SBML) and vice-versa. Since MakeSBML is a web-based application it requires no installation on the user’s part. Currently, MakeSBML is hosted on a GitHub page where the client-based design makes it trivial to move to other hosts. This model for software deployment also reduces maintenance costs since an active server is not required. The SBML modeling language is often used in systems biology research to describe complex biochemical networks and makes reproducing models much easier. However, SBML is designed to be computer-readable, not human-readable. We therefore employ the human-readable Antimony language to make it easy to create and edit SBML models.
Der unternehmerische Soldat
Authors: Yosefov Or 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Technologie und technischer Fortschritt sind zwei zentrale Untersuchungsgegenstände der Sozialforschung. Ein Land, das in jüngster Zeit auf diesem Gebiet im Besonderen hervorsticht, ist Israel. Warum taucht ausgerechnet dieser Staat als eine Erfolgsgeschichte des Unternehmertums auf? Wieso ist im In- und Ausland von einer sogenannten unternehmerischen Start-up Nation die Rede? Israel scheint dabei erfolgreich zu sein, technologische Innovation und risikofreudige Unternehmer:innen zu fördern. Die Start-up Nation hat ihre Entstehung nicht nur der umfangreichen staatlichen Unterstützung seit den 1960er Jahren zu verdanken, sondern auch dem enthusiastischen Engagement ihrer unternehmerischen Soldat:innen. In Anlehnung an Joseph A. Schumpeters Theorie der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung wurde die Unternehmerfunktion als die interne treibende Kraft im Kapitalismus identifiziert. Die Motivation für wirtschaftliches Unternehmertum ist für das System als solches unersetzlich und liegt im Kern seiner bürgerlichen Familie. Der vorliegende Beitrag offenbart anhand biographisch-narrativer Interviews mit ehemaligen Soldat:innen aus militärisch-technologischen Spitzeneinheiten – die einen erfolgreichen unternehmerischen Werdegang heutzutage vorweisen –, fünf Grundzüge für die Motivationsgrundlage in der Start-up Nation: Heimatsverteidigung, Risikofreude, Geheimhaltung und gruppeninterne Anerkennung, Reproduktion der militärischen Einheit und die Grown-up Nation. Denn in Israel hat sich im Zuge der Globalisierung und nach neoliberalem Vorbild ein spezifischer Modus der Erzeugung von Unternehmertum und Motivierung ihrer Träger etabliert. Dabei wurde ersichtlich, dass ihre Sozialisation in den Einheiten und die permanente Bedrohungslage im Land die spätere Laufbahn als digitale Unternehmer:innen maßgeblich prägen.