bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and Functional Social Support in UK Military Veterans During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Associations with Mental Health and Wellbeing: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Grover Laura Elizabeth , Sharp Marie-Louise , Jones Margaret , Burdett Howard , Fear Nicola 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic led to the implementation of social distancing laws in the UK. This had several negative consequences on health, wellbeing and social functioning within the general population. Military veterans may have had unique experiences of social isolation during this time. This study examined the level of, and relationship between, structural and functional social support, and its association with mental health and wellbeing in a sample of UK veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods Throughout the first summer of the pandemic (June-September 2020), an additional wave of cross-sectional data was collected from UK Armed Forces personnel who had left regular military service and were participating in a longitudinal cohort study. In total, 1562 participants (44.04% response rate) completed a series of online questionnaires measuring sociodemographic characteristics, COVID-19 experiences and psychosocial health and wellbeing. Multivariable logistic and ordinal regression analyses were conducted.Results For structural social support, 86.8% were in a relationship and 89.0% lived with others. For functional social support, one-quarter reported feelings of loneliness (27.4%) and low levels of perceived social support (28.1%). Structural support was associated with functional support. Being single, living alone and experiencing loneliness were associated with worse mental health and wellbeing, while living with other adults and reporting high levels of perceived social support were associated with better mental health and wellbeing.Conclusions UK veterans showed greater social support than the UK general population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study has enhanced our understanding of social support among veterans and its implications for health and wellbeing. This knowledge is essential for advising the development of psychosocial interventions and policies to improve the psychological wellbeing of veterans in future pandemics and more broadly in their daily lives.
High through put and fast method for isolating bacteriophages using 96 well flat bottom plate
Authors: Ullah Aman , Aslam Muhammad Aamir 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Bacteriophages are the viruses of prokaryotes. Emergence of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic bacteria have prompted scientists to look for alternative ways of curing bacterial infections other than antibiotics. In this regard, phages have gained attention of scientific community. Entire phage particles and endolysin enzymes have been shown to be effective for killing bacteria and curing various bacterial infections in different pre-clinical and clinical trials. Since the very beginning of their discovery, phages are being isolated using agar over lay method using bacterial culture petrie plates. Here in this paper, we introduced a new method of isolating phages from environmental samples using flat bottom 96 well plates instead of bacterial culture petrie plates. Conceptually and principally this method is very similar to conventional agar overlay method. Using 96 well plates, it made it possible to screen for more samples using less experimental material, less human labour and using less laboratory space. In our view, this is more efficient and high throughput method, it can be used for quick initial screening of large number of sample for phage isolation and subsequently positive samples can be confirmed using conventional agar over lay method. Adoption of this method for phage discovery can accelerate new discoveries and developments in this field.
Educational attainment, media and pregnancy termination among women of reproductive age in Ghana
Authors: Ferka Listowel , Oduro Joseph Kojo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Pregnancy termination is considered a major global public health challenge, especially in developing countries, where a large proportion of unsafe pregnancy terminations occur. In Ghana, pregnancy termination is a significant contributor to maternal morbidity and death among women of reproductive age. Maternal level of education and media exposure may have effects on pregnancy termination due to better access to reproductive health information including abortion. Although many published studies in Ghana have examined pregnancy terminations, none of these studies examined educational attainment, media exposure in relation to pregnancy termination. This study aimed to assess the association between educational attainment, media and pregnancy termination in Ghana.
Methods
This quantitative cross-sectional study utilized the women's file from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (GDHS), which is part of the DHS program monitoring health indicators in low- and middle-income countries. Using a cluster sampling technique, the study sampled 5,882 women who had previously terminated a pregnancy and had complete data on all variables of interest. Data analysis, including descriptive and inferential statistics, was conducted in three phases using SPSS Version 27.
Results
The results revealed that women who have attained primary and secondary education (OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.14, 1.67; OR=1.16, 95% CI=0.94, 1.44), women who listen to the radio message on reproductive health (OR=1.11, 95% CI=0.96, 1.29), watched TV programme on reproductive health (OR=1.05, 95% CI=0.88, 1.24), read newspapers/magazines (OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.77, 1.50), and exposed to the internet (OR=1.28, 95% CI=1.08, 1.51) were more likely to terminate pregnancy when compared with their colleagues who were not. The results further show that women in the ages between 25-34 years (OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.35, 1.97), 35-44 years (OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.39, 2.12), women who were married and cohabiting had higher odds (OR=1.42, 95% CI=0.93, 1.97; OR=1.46, 95% CI=1.07, 1.98) of pregnancy termination. Again, women in the richer and richest income quintile were more likely to terminate their pregnancy (OR=1.72, 95% CI=1.32, 2.23; OR=1.83, 95% CI=1.36, 2.47) when compared with those in the poorest income quintile.
Conclusions
This study demonstrates that educational levels of primary and secondary schooling, as well as exposure to reproductive health content through radio, television, internet, and newspapers, are significantly linked to an increased likelihood of pregnancy termination among women. Policies aimed to regulate pregnancy termination should target educated women and women who have been exposed to radio, television, internet and newspaper messages on reproductive health education, and women who are rich, married, cohabiting, residing in urban areas and aged 25-34 and 35-44.
Fluvio-Geomorphic Change of the Padma-Meghna River Course Using the NDWI and MNDWI Techniques
Authors: Hossain Faruk , Kamal Mohammad Ashraful , Afrin Tahera 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study intends to investigate the fluvial-geomorphic change and erosion-accretion processes of two significant rivers. The 2149 km2 research area's overall erosion and accretion were depicted using multi-temporal Landsat images and NDWI, MNDWI methods to measure and investigate change. However, focus has been placed on four unique sections that are prone to erosion, and the bank migration of the section has been measured in order to depict the actual state of erosion. The Padma-Meghna River eroded approximately 11.0, 77.0, and 13.0 km2 between 1973–1978, 1978–1989, and 1989–1994. However, 78.0 and 48.0 km2 of accretion occurred in the years between 1994 and 1999 and 1999 and 2004. Moreover, between 2004 and 2021, the river's erosional activity was remarkably dynamic compared to deposition. Besides, 64 km2 and 4 km2 of land accretion occurred during 2008–2014 and 2014–2019, while 77 km2 and 68 km2 of land eroded during 2004–2008 and 2019–2021. The overall rates of erosion and accretion are 5.12% and 4.04%, respectively. Statistically, both banks of the Padma River eroded about 2 kilometers from 1973 to 2021. Padma-Meghna confluences are more unstable and susceptible to change. The Meghna's left bank moved 4.5 km east between Goshairhat and Haimchar in 1989, and in 2008, the river shifted 4.8 km west from the river of 1994. In 1989, it moved 5 kilometers east from a previous location between Goshairhat and Haiderganj, and in 2008, it moved 6.3 kilometers west from the 1989 river. The bank migrated 12 kilometers eastward in 2014 from where it was in 2008 through the bar development. The Mehendiganj Upazila's eastern side lost more than 7.4 kilometers between 1973 and 2021, and the current major channel is simply 7.4 kilometers west of the 1973 river. The findings of the dynamic changes might be useful to planners, developers, researchers, and government agencies as they develop and put into practice new development initiatives and river basin management.
Ergonomic LLM or LLM for Ergonomics? Prompt engineering insights for an interventional case study
Authors: Mortezapour Alireza 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
With the arrival of new technologies associated with the fourth industrial revolution (IR 4.0), the way humans interact with technology has undergone fundamental changes. In the last two years, a new generation of technology, large language models (LLMs), and with the leader position of ChatGPT from OpenAI has gained a lot of attention.
Objective
In the current study, prompt engineering technique usefulness regards to Human-Chat GPT interaction is discussed.
Methods
Three types of interaction with Chat GPT including zero-shot, little-shot and fine-tune prompting are considered.
Results
Our small case study implies that Human-Chat GPT interaction can be influenced under the proper usage of prompt engineering.
Conclusion
I implied that, prompt engineering can be included in future Human Factors and Ergonomics courses in academia (for ergonomists) or in industries (for employees or employers).
Pilot studies on the application of triple media filtration at Morton Jaffray Water Works, Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Hoko Zvikomborero , Musima Brian T. , Mapenzauswa Clarence Farai 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
Lake Chivero, Harare's main source of raw water for drinking water, is algae infested thus affecting water treatment processes at Morton Jaffray Water Treatment Works (MJWTW). Consequently, several challenges have been encountered including frequent filter backwashing, leading to a reduced plant output. In this study, the potential of substituting single-media filters (currently used at MJWTW) with triple-media filters was investigated. This was done using pilot filters of a single-media filter (SMF) and a triple-media filter (TMF) and piloted using clarified water from MJWTW. Electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, and temperature were the water quality parameters that were monitored. Headloss and flow rate were the filter operation parameters that were monitored. Both water quality and operational parameters were monitored at hourly intervals until one filter reached the maximum allowable headloss or turbidity limit. The variation in effluent turbidity, TDS, EC, and pH between the filters was insignificant. Nevertheless, the headloss development for the TMF was significantly slower than that of the SMF resulting in the SMF reaching the maximum headloss earlier. Therefore, the TMF performed better overall. Therefore, the adoption of TMF could result in a longer filter run and improve filtration and water production at MJWTW.
A case series Percutaneus Dilatasional Tracheostomy (PDT) in Cerebrovascular Disease
Authors: Helen Yudi Irianto Helen Yudi 
Published: April 2024

Critically ill patients with cerebrovascular disease may require airway securing management. Airway management is defined as an intervention using a technique, maneuver or a device to keep its patency, providing oxygen and removing carbon dioxide. Endotracheal intubation (ETI) and percutaneus dilatational tracheostomy (PDT)are procedure to keep the patency of airway. Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy may decrease the risk of pneumonia and facilitate weaning ventilator. Twelve cases of PDT performed by attending senior anesthesiologist were divided into two groups, early (less than 7 days after intubation) and late (more than 7 days after intubation).There are three re-use PDT set which sterilized in CSSD unit of RSUD Ciawi and cultured by BLKK team in Jakarta. All of the PDT procedure were successfully performed without any complication and has a similar outcome in both groups. Complications and adverse consequences, which occurred during the procedures, as well as days needed to weaning ventilator, sputum and PDT instrument culture evaluation were recorded. Further studies are required to elucidate the advantage of PDT and finding the best time to perform PDT procedure in patients with cerebrovascular disease. Re use PDT set which sterilized in deconect liquid and cold themperature could be safe from bacterial infection.
Keywords :
cerebrovascular disease, airway management, percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy, complication
HUBUNGAN ANTARA TINGKAT KEPARAHAN DAN JENIS TERAPI OKSIGEN TERHADAP KUALITAS HIDUP PENYINTAS COVID-19 YANG PERNAH DIRAWAT DI ICU RSUP DR SARDJITO
Authors: Wandito Gayuh Utomo 
Published: April 2024

Latar Belakang: Proses infeksi COVID-19 dapat meninggalkan gejala sisa, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penyintasnya, terutama pada penyintas COVID-19 dengan derajat sedang, berat dan kritis. Pasien yang pernah mendapatkan perawatan di ruangan ICU dengan terapi oksigen beragam, memiliki kualitas hidup yang lebih rendah.
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat keparahan dan jenis terapi oksigen terhadap kualitas hidup penyintas COVID-19 yang pernah dirawat di ICU RSUP dr Sardjito.
Metode Penelitian: Jenis dan rancangan penelitian ini adalah observasional kohort prospektif. Peneliti mengambil data sekunder dari rekam medis pada pasien yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 derajat sedang, berat, kritis dan mendapatkan terapi oksigen yang pernah dirawat di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta dan kualitas hidup diukur dan menggunakan kuesioner EQ-5D-5L secara langsung pada saat penelitian. Subjek penelitian adalah seluruh penyintas COVID-19 yang pernah dirawat di ICU RSUP dr Sardjito bulan Januari 2020 sampai dengan Desember 2021. Analisis bivariat untuk menganalisis hubungan hubungan antara tingkat keparahan dan jenis terapi oksigen terhadap kualitas hidup adalah uji Kruskal Wallis. Variable yang memiliki p < 0,25 pada uji bivariat dilanjutkan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi linier berganda.
Hasil: Total subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria adalah 56 subjek. Skor EQ-5D-5L pada pasien dengan suplementasi oksigen dengan , nasal kanul 0.82, non-rebreathing mask 0.96, High Flow Nasal Canule 0.53 dan ventilator 0.81 yakni (p=0,115). Skor EQ-5D-5L pada COVID-19 derajat sedang 0.92, derajat berat 0.92, sedangkan derajat kritis, yakni 0,75 (p=0,254).
Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat keparahan dan jenis terapi oksigen terhadap kualitas hidup penyintas COVID-19 yang pernah dirawat di ICU RSUP dr Sardjito.

Kata Kunci: COVID-19, derajat keparahan, terapi oksigen, kualitas hidup
THE LEGAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE APPLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COMPETITION LAW TO SPORTS RULES
Authors: Vuković Zoran 
Published: April 2024

The subject of the author’s interest in this paper is the consideration of the impact of autonomous sports rules on competition in the relevant sports market. The results of the research are primarily based on the principled opinions or attitudes of the European Court of Justice and the General Court, brought forth in the so-called leading cases, in which the scope of the application of the basic provisions on the competition law of the European Union to sports rules is specified. The basic rules of the Community competition law are found in Articles 101 through 109 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. Although it is not a formal source of the European Union law, the practice of the European Court of Justice and the General Court is extremely important for the interpretation and application of the aforementioned rules. It acts like a kind of signpost on the way to the application of norms governing the protection of competition on the common market. On the basis of the Stabilization and Association Agreement, the Republic of Serbia undertook the legal obligation to implement community law (acquis communautaire) in the domestic legal system. The legal basis for harmonising the competition law in the Republic of Serbia with the law of the European Union is represented by Articles 72 and 73 of the Law on Confirmation of the Stabilization and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their member states
Observed long-term changes in extreme temperature and precipitation indices in Spain (1951-2020)
Authors: Olmo Matias Ezequiel , Campos Diego Alvaro , Cos Pep , Doblas-Reyes Francisco , Soret Albert , Margarida Samso 
Published: April 2024

Climate extreme indices —-encompassing absolute values,
percentile-based, and spell indices—- are analyzed over Spain during
1951-2020 using daily precipitation (PR), maximum and minimum
temperatures (TX and TN) from the AEMET high-resolution dataset. The
indices focus on the frequency, intensity, and duration of extremes.
A general warming trend is detected in absolute values and in a longer
persistence of warm spells. While the changes are clearer in TN- than in
TX-based frequency indices, their sign and magnitude depend on the
season and percentile. The upward (downward) trends in warm (cold)
nights are usually larger than in warm (cold) days. A drying signal is
detected on total precipitation and spell-indices in central and
southern Spain during summertime. Isolated extremes increase during
autumn, indicating a possible modification of precipitation regimes.
This work contributes to disentangling the spatio-temporal variability
and recent trends of extremes in Spain, with tailored climate
information for adaptation measures.
Time-to-Event Genome-Wide Association Study for Incident Cardiovascular Disease in People With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kwak Soo Heon , Hernandez-Cancela Ryan B. , DiCorpo Daniel A. , Condon David E. , Merino Jordi , Wu Peitao , Brody Jennifer A. , Yao Jie , Guo Xiuqing , Ahmadizar Fariba , Meyer Mariah , Sincan Murat , Mercader Josep M. , Lee Sujin , Haessler Jeffrey , Vy Ha My T. , Lin Zhaotong , Armstrong Nicole D. , Gu Shaopeng , Tsao Noah L. , Lange Leslie A. , Wang Ningyuan , Wiggins Kerri L. , Trompet Stella , Liu Simin , Loos Ruth J.F. , Judy Renae , Schroeder Philip H. , Hasbani Natalie R. , Bos Maxime M. , Morrison Alanna C. , Jackson Rebecca D. , Reiner Alexander P. , Manson JoAnn E. , Chaudhary Ninad S. , Carmichael Lynn K. , Chen Yii-Der Ida , Taylor Kent D. , Ghanbari Mohsen , van Meurs Joyce , Pitsillides Achilleas N. , Psaty Bruce M. , Noordam Raymond , Do Ron , Park Kyong Soo , Jukema J. Wouter , Kavousi Maryam , Correa Adolfo , Rich Stephen S. , Damrauer Scott M. , Hajek Catherine , Cho Nam H. , Irvin Marguerite R. , Pankow James S. , Nadkarni Girish N. , Sladek Robert , Goodarzi Mark O. , Florez Jose C. , Chasman Daniel I. , Heckbert Susan R. , Kooperberg Charles , Dupuis Josée , Malhotra Rajeev , de Vries Paul S. , Liu Ching-Ti , Rotter Jerome I. , Meigs James B. ,   Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE
To identify genetic risk factors for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a multiancestry time-to-event genome-wide association study for incident CVD among people with T2D. We also tested 204 known coronary artery disease (CAD) variants for association with incident CVD.

RESULTS
Among 49,230 participants with T2D, 8,956 had incident CVD events (event rate 18.2%). We identified three novel genetic loci for incident CVD: rs147138607 (near CACNA1E/ZNF648, hazard ratio [HR] 1.23, P = 3.6 × 10−9), rs77142250 (near HS3ST1, HR 1.89, P = 9.9 × 10−9), and rs335407 (near TFB1M/NOX3, HR 1.25, P = 1.5 × 10−8). Among 204 known CAD loci, 5 were associated with incident CVD in T2D (multiple comparison–adjusted P &lt; 0.00024, 0.05/204). A standardized polygenic score of these 204 variants was associated with incident CVD with HR 1.14 (P = 1.0 × 10−16).

CONCLUSIONS
The data point to novel and known genomic regions associated with incident CVD among individuals with T2D.
Analysis of Linear Log Models on Covid-19 Data in Indonesia
Authors: Suciati Indah , Warsono Warsono , Usman Mustofa 
Published: April 2024

Covid-19 is still a concern of the world, including Indonesia. The transmission of Covid-19 is very fast and has a wide impact on all people around the world, especially Indonesia. In everyday life, we find a lot of data that looks into a certain category. Categorical analysis of data can be done using the log linear model. The log linear model is used to analyze the relationship between categorical variables that form a contingency table of arbitrary dimensions. The analysis used in this study is to make descriptive statistics and three-way contingency tables, then perform the analysis with the help of SPSS 25.0 software where the goodness of fit test is used to see which models can be used or suitable. The purpose of this study is to analyze a log linear model, so that a log linear model is obtained that is suitable for Covid-19 data based on gender, province, and age group. The conclusion of this study is that of the 9 models used, the model is the most suitable model to be used, with a value of 18,885 and the equation of the log linear model is , which means that there is a relationship between the two factors for the variables gender and province, gender and age group and province and age group in Covid-19 cases in Covid-19 in Indonesia by gender, province, and age group.
Nursing interventions for improving quality of life among patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention: A scoping review
Authors: Sugiharto Firman , Nuraeni Aan , Trisyani Yanny , Melati Putri Azalia , Aghnia Armansyah Nuraulia 
Published: April 2024

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) aims to improve the quality of life (QoL) for coronary heart disease (CHD) patients, but many patients still have poor QoL. The impact of poor QoL causes long-lasting feelings of frustration, anxiety, fear, and worry that make a person give up or lose enthusiasm for the future.
Objective: This study aimed to describe nursing interventions to improve the QoL of CHD patients after PCI.
Methods: This research used the scoping review method by including all full-text primary studies written in English and published between 2013 to 2023 from three databases, EBSCO-host, PubMed, and Scopus, and one e-resource, Sage Journals. The keywords used were “coronary artery disease OR myocardial infarction OR cardiovascular disease AND quality of life AND percutaneous coronary intervention OR PCI OR Angioplasty AND Nursing care OR nursing intervention.”
Results: A total of eight articles discussed nursing interventions to improve the QoL among CHD patients after PCI. There are two categories of interventions that nurses can carry out: hospital-based (inpatient or outpatient) rehabilitation and cardiac tele-rehabilitation.
Conclusions: Hospital-based (inpatient or outpatient) rehabilitation and tele-rehabilitation interventions potentially improve post-PCI patients’ QoL, psychological well-being, cardiovascular capacity, social support, and adherence to CHD rehabilitation program. Standardized intervention guidelines need to be created in the future for each outcome of interest based on evidence-based findings so that specific interventions to improve the quality of life of CHD patients can be applied directly in daily practice.