bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multivariable fuzzy decoupling control of the polymer electromagnetism dynamic extrusion process
Authors: Wen Sheng‐Ping , Jiang Jing , Qu Jin‐Ping , Jin Gang 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe plastic electromagnetism dynamic extruder has gained wide applications because of its novel structure and fine engineering performance. In the polymer processing, melt temperature and melt pressure control is crucial to the quality of the extruded product. A new multivariable fuzzy decoupling control algorithm of melt temperature and melt pressure for the novel extruder is introduced in the transfer function matrix system, which is obtained through the experimental data with system identification. To verify the application of the proposed control algorithm, the multivariable closed‐loop fuzzy decoupling system is implemented on programmable computer controller. Experimental results show melt temperature and melt pressure can be successful individually controlled by the heater power and the screw speed. The good system performance verifies the control strategy's validity. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Study on the properties of nano‐TiO2 particles modified silk fibroin porous films
Authors: Xinxing Feng , Lan Zhou , Hailin Zhu , Jianyong Chen 
Published: December 2009

AbstractUsing the freeze‐drying method, Nano‐TiO2/silk fibroin porous films were synthesized with different ratios of TiO2 to silk fibroin solution. Through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile strain, and water‐solubility tests, the structures and properties of these porous films were characterized. The SEM results indicated that the pores of the nano‐TiO2/silk fibroin porous films were uniformly distributed by the freeze‐drying method. The XRD analysis indicated that the formation of nano‐TiO2 particles might induce a conformational transition of silk fibroin from the typical Silk I to the typical Silk II structure partly with an increase in the crystallinity of the porous films. Compared with the pure silk fibroin porous films, the mechanical properties of nano‐TiO2/silk fibroin porous films were improved, and its heat transition temperature was also enhanced; however, the water‐solubility of this material was diminished. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Isothermal crystallization study on a biodegradable segmented copolymer constituted by glycolide and trimethylene carbonate units
Authors: Díaz‐Celorio Elena , Franco Lourdes , Puiggalí Jordi 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe isothermal crystallization behavior of a segmented copolymer constituted by hard blocks of polyglycolide and soft segments derived from the copolymerization of glycolide and trimethylene carbonate was investigated. This polymer has applied relevance because it is one of the most widely used for bioabsorbable surgical sutures. Calorimetric, optical microscopy, and infrared techniques were combined to understand the thermal properties and the different factors that influence the crystallization process. Basically, only the hard blocks crystallized, although certain processing conditions allowed performing an additional crystallization associated with small lamellar domains of the soft segment. Crystallization from both the melt and the glass state rendered positive spherulites with a fibrillar texture. The observed unusual sign of birefringence was a consequence of the close packing structure of polyglycolide, which was also corroborated by electron diffraction patterns. Crystallization was characterized by an athermal nucleation, which allowed accurate estimation of the secondary nucleation parameter by using the calorimetric data only. Significant differences in the Avrami exponent (from 2.32 to 1.45) were found between the cold and hot isothermal crystallizations. The stronger geometric constraints observed in the crystallization from the glass state were also corroborated by FTIR analyses. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Moisture effect on deformability of epoxy/montmorillonite nanocomposite
Authors: Glaskova T. , Aniskevich A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this article the moisture effect on deformability of epoxy/montmorillonite nanocomposite was investigated. The change of fracture character and drop of elastic characteristics due to moisture absorption was observed. The estimation of filler morphological peculiarities (platelet stack constitution) in composite and its effect on nanocomposite elastic properties was undertaken. It is shown that the higher number of filler platelet per stack consistently leads to the decrease of nanocomposite elastic properties. Nevertheless prediction by micromechanical model is rough for moistened nanocomposite because of resin structural changes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene powder coated with epoxy resin: A novel reactive hot melt adhesive
Authors: Ha Thu Huong , Jang Jin Young , Cho Youn Bok , Jeong Han Mo , Kim Byung Kyu 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA novel reactive hot melt adhesive was prepared by coating an epoxy resin on maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE) powder. This adhesive had markedly improved adhesion power compared with pristine MAPE powder, which is normally used as a hot melt adhesive. The generation of an ester linkage by the reaction between the anhydride group of MAPE and the hydroxyl group of epoxy resin, during the bonding operation at 190°C with the pressure of 22 MPa for 30 min, was confirmed from the FTIR spectra. The bond strength was further improved by a small amount of 1‐methylimidazole, which accelerated the esterification reaction. When the epoxy resin was coated on hydrated MAPE, in which the anhydride group of MAPE was converted into carboxylic acid group by the reaction with water, the esterification reaction was much faster than that of pristine MAPE, and consequently, the bond strength of the adhesive was much higher than that of pristine MAPE coated with epoxy resin. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Effect of graft‐copolymerization with poly(acrylamide) on rheological and thermal properties of cassava starch
Authors: Jyothi Alummoottil N , Sajeev Moothandasery S , Moorthy Subramoney N , Sreekumar Janardhanan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractGraft copolymers of different grafting levels were synthesised by the free radical initiated reaction of cassava starch with acrylamide in presence of ceric ammonium nitrate. The viscosity properties of the native granular starch and the grafted starches were determined using a Rapid visco analyzer (RVA) and rheological properties by frequency sweep test under different conditions using a rheometer. Some of the grafted starches exhibited significantly higher and some others exhibited drastically reduced peak viscosity values irrespective of the percentage grafting. All the grafted starches exhibited very good viscosity stability as evidenced from the highly reduced breakdown and higher final viscosity values in comparison to native cassava starch. Thermal analysis of the pure granular cassava starch and grafted starches was carried out using a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry. DSC studies showed that in comparison to native starch, the grafted starches showed lower temperatures of transition. The thermal stability of cassava starch was enhanced by grafting as observed from the thermogravimetric data. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Effect of exposure to 50 Hz magnetic field with or without insulin on blood–brain barrier permeability in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Gulturk Sefa , Demirkazik Ayse , Kosar Ilkay , Cetin Ali , Dökmetas Hatice S. , Demir Tuncer 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe investigated the effect of long‐term exposure to modulation magnetic field (MF), insulin, and their combination on blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability in a diabetic rat model. Fifty‐three rats were randomly assigned to one of six groups: sham, exposed to no MF; MF, exposed to MF; diabetes mellitus (DM), DM induced with streptozotocin (STZ); DM plus MF (DMMF); DM plus insulin therapy (DMI); and DM plus insulin therapy plus MF (DMIMF). All the rats underwent Evans blue (EB) measurement to evaluate the BBB 30 days after the beginning of experiments. The rats in MF, DMMF, and DMIMF groups were exposed to MF (B = 5 mT) for 165 min every day for 30 days. Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), body mass, and serum glucose level of the study rats were recorded. The extravasation of brain EB of the MF, DM, DMMF, DMI, and DMIMF groups was higher than that of the sham group and the extravasation of right hemisphere of the DMIMF group was highest (P < 0.05). The post‐procedure body mass of the sham and MF groups were significantly higher than those of the DM and DMMF groups (P < 0.05). In the DM, DMMF, DMI, and DMIMF groups, the baseline glucose was significantly lower than the post‐procedure glucose (P < 0.05). DM and MF increase BBB permeability; in combination, they cause more increase in BBB permeability, and insulin decreases their effect on BBB. Improved glucose metabolism may prevent body mass loss and the hypoglycemic effect of MF. DM increases MABP but MF causes no additional effect. Bioelectromagnetics 31:262–269, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Matlab based simulation toolbox for the study and design of induction motor FOC speed drives
Authors: Costa A. , Vilaragut M. , Travieso‐Torres J. C. , Duarte‐Mermoud M. , Muñoz J. , Yznaga I. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA new Matlab/Simulink based simulation toolbox for studying and designing induction motor field oriented control schemes is proposed in this article. It has advantages over other previous works published since it is modular, flexible, interactive, easy to use, and the results are closer to the experimental ones because it takes into account real complex effects, such as: motor core saturation, parameter variations with the speed and temperature, sensor signal digital processing, and inverter real voltage waveforms. These results has been successfully applied in teaching undergraduate and graduate courses at the authors' universities for building, identification and characterization of diverse control schemes, analysis of parameter effects, and design and test of new controllers for field oriented control schemes in induction motors. Beside the theoretical and computational basis of the toolbox, simulation results of an indirect field oriented control current regulated pulse width modulation scheme are presented in the article as example. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 295–312, 2012
A novel approach for void avoidance in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Aissani Mohamed , Mellouk Abdelhamid , Badache Nadjib , Boumaza Mouloud 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe propose a novel approach to treat the problem of void avoidance in sensor networks. In our approach, the choice of the forwarding region around a discovered void is oriented by the locations of (i) the sender node, (ii) the void center and (iii) the destination node. Three void‐avoidance schemes are described which use the same void‐discovery algorithm. Based on an oriented face routing, the first scheme is used by the boundary nodes to prevent packets from dropping. The second scheme is used by sender nodes located n‐hops away from the void boundary to launch a preventive rerouting. The third scheme tends to protect packets from both the concave zones and the boundaries nodes of voids. Proposed schemes are simple to implement. They save network resources and could be easily associated with existing geographic routing protocols. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Coexistent atypical polypoid adenomyoma and complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia in the uterus
Authors: Horita Ayako , Kurata Atsushi , Komatsu Kyoko , Yajima Masazumi , Sakamoto Atsuhiko 
Published: December 2009

AbstractWe report a case of atypical polypoid adenomyoma (APA) concomitantly identified with complex atypical endometrial hyperplasia (CAH) in the uterus. Since an initial endometrial smear revealed atypical endometrial cells, a diagnosis of CAH was made. Even though a concomitantly performed uterine cervical smear contained both atypical epithelial and stromal cells, the diagnosis of APA was not initially made because the cytological criteria for APA had not been established. Histologically, we recognized both CAH in the uterine corpus and APA in the lower uterine segment in the hysterectomy material. Retrospectively, the cells in the first cervical smear were interpreted as part of APA because the same types of cells were observed in the intraoperative cytology sample. Although the APA and CAH lesions were interposed by normal endometrium, estrogen was suspected to be the common etiological factor. Reports regarding the cytology of APA are currently scarce. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing cytological presentation of association of APA with CAH in addition to the first cervical smear of APA containing both epithelial and stromal components. Identification of abnormal proliferation of epithelium and stromal cells of smooth muscle origin is useful in the cytological diagnosis of APA. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
An agonistic mAb directed to the TrkC receptor juxtamembrane region defines a trophic hot spot and interactions with p75 coreceptors
Authors: Guillemard Veronique , Ivanisevic Ljubica , Garcia Alba Galan , Scholten Vicki , Lazo Oscar M. , Bronfman Francisca C. , Saragovi H. Uri 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe D5 domain of TrkC receptors is a docking site for Neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3), but other domains may be relevant for function or harmonizing signals with p75NTR coreceptors. We report a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2B7 targeting the juxtamembrane domain of TrkC. mAb 2B7 binds to murine and human TrkC receptors and is a functional agonist that affords activation of TrkC, AKT, and MAPK. These signals result in cell survival but not in cellular differentiation. Monomeric 2B7 Fabs also affords cell survival. Binding of 2B7 mAb and 2B7 Fabs to TrkC are blocked by NT‐3 in a dose‐dependent manner but not by pro‐NT‐3. Expression of p75NTR coreceptors on the cell surface block the binding and function of mAb 2B7, whereas NT‐3 binding and function are enhanced. mAb 2B7 defines a previously unknown neurotrophin receptor functional hot spot; that exclusively generates survival signals; that can be activated by non‐dimeric ligands; and potentially unmasks a site for p75‐TrkC interactions. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2010.
Cover Picture: Eur. J. Immunol. 12/09
Authors: Quaedackers Monique E. , Baan Carla C. , Weimar Willem , Hoogduijn Martin J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis issue's cover image depicts in vitro cell‐contact between adipose‐derived stromal cells (ASC) and PBMC, taken from Quaedackers et al. (pp. 3436–3446). In this article, the authors explore the contact‐dependent effect of mesenchymal stromal cells on immune cells, and demonstrate that ASC exert immunomodulatory effects by inhibiting both CD8+ and CD4+ T cell responses.
A Comparison of (R,R)‐Me‐DUPHOS and (R,R)‐DUPHOS‐iPr Ligands in the Pd0‐Catalysed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation Reaction: Stereochemical and Kinetic Considerations
Authors: Marinho Vanda Raquel , Ramalho J. P. Prates , Rodrigues Ana I. , Burke Anthony J. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA relatively unexploited commercial ligand, (R,R)‐DUPHOS‐iPr (1b) was tested in the Pd0‐catalysed asymmetric allylic alkyation reaction using rac‐1,3‐diphenylpropenyl acetate as substrate, malonate as nucleophile and a variety of Pd pre‐catalysts under standard conditions. Excellent ee values (up to ≥ 98 %) could be obtained with 1b, but the conversions were generally inferior to those obtained using (R,R)‐Me‐DUPHOS (1a) under similar conditions. It was also observed that there was a switch in the absolute configuration of the malonate product to (R) on using 1b to form the catalyst. This was an indication of the complementary nature of these two ligands. In order to explain this, a rigorous detailed semi‐emperical computational study was undertaken. DFT calculations of the Fukui Function (FF) were also conducted to confirm the most likely site (electrophilic) for nucleophilic attack on the active Pd‐allyl complex. In the case of the Pd catalyst formed with 1b. This result indicated that stereochemical factors were more important than electronic factors in this reaction with 1b. Kinetic studies were also conducted to compare the activities of the catalysts 2a and 2b formed with (R,R)‐Me‐DUPHOS (1a) and (R,R)‐DUPHOS‐iPr (1b).(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Synthesis and Photophysical Studies of New Fluorescent Indole Derivatives Obtained from β‐Bromodehydroamino Acids – Interaction with Fluoride Anions
Authors: Pereira Goreti , Castanheira Elisabete M. S. , Ferreira Paula M. T. , Queiroz Maria‐João R. P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractSeveral new indole derivatives were synthesised from β‐brominated dehydroamino acids and arylboronic acids by using a strategy developed in our research group that involves a sequential Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reaction and a metal‐assisted C–N intramolecular cyclisation. The cyclised products were obtained either by direct cyclisation or by isomerisation followed by cyclisation. The photophysical properties of these compounds were studied in four solvents of different polarity (cyclohexane, diethyl ether, acetonitrile and ethanol). All these compounds have reasonably high fluorescence quantum yields (between 16 and 85 %) and show different solvent sensitivity in their fluorescence emission. These results indicate that the indole derivatives prepared are good candidates for fluorescent probes. The response of the new synthesised compounds towards fluoride ion (F–) was evaluated. It was found that methyl 3‐methyl‐1H‐dibenzo[e,g]indole‐2‐carboxylate, methyl 3‐(phenanthren‐9‐yl)‐1H‐dibenzo[e,g]indole‐2‐carboxylate and methyl 1‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)‐3H‐benzo[e]indole‐2‐carboxylate showed significant spectral changes in fluorescence emission upon F– addition with a decrease in intensity and the appearance of a new band at longer wavelengths. No detectable emission spectral changes were observed when several other anions were added to these compounds, which indicates their selectivity towards F–.
Synthesis of Optically Active Heterocyclic Compounds by Preparation of 1,3‐Dinitro Derivatives and Enzymatic Enantioselective Desymmetrization of Prochiral Diamines
Authors: Ríos‐Lombardía Nicolás , Busto Eduardo , Gotor‐Fernández Vicente , Gotor Vicente 
Published: December 2009

AbstractA general approach for the highly efficient chemical preparation of novel optically active 2‐substituted propane‐1,3‐diamines is described. Diamines have been obtained from the corresponding commercially available aldehydes in a straightforward two‐step synthesis via the corresponding 1,3‐dinitro compounds, which were hydrogenated under mild reaction conditions by using platinum dioxide as the catalyst. Subsequent enzymatic enantioselective desymmetrization mediated by Pseudomonas cepacia lipase allowed the recovery of a family of monocarbamates in good to high enantiomeric excesses (70–90 % ee).
Synthesis of meso‐Substituted ABCD‐Type Porphyrins by Functionalization Reactions
Authors: Senge Mathias O. , Shaker Yasser M. , Pintea Monica , Ryppa Claudia , Hatscher Sabine S. , Ryan Aoife , Sergeeva Yulia 
Published: December 2009

AbstractConsiderable progress has been made in recent years in the search for synthetic methods leading to functionalized porphyrins, especially for modification of either the β‐ or meso positions. For the latter, total synthesis based on condensation methods or partial synthesis through functionalization of preformed porphyrin have emerged as possible methods. The increasing number of possible technical and medicinal applications for unsymmetrically meso‐substituted porphyrins requires straightforward methods for the preparation of the so‐called ABCD‐porphyrins, i.e., porphyrins with up to four different meso substituents. Here, we describe new strategies for the synthesis of ABCD‐type porphyrins based on porphyrin reactions with organolithium reagents and the use of Pd‐catalyzed coupling reactions. With the whole repertoire of contemporary functionalization methods, a comprehensive analysis and comparison of the various strategies for A‐, AB‐, A2B‐, ABC‐, A2BC‐ and ABCD‐type porphyrins is given. In addition, we report on the synthesis of new functionalized derivatives for some of these porphyrin classes. In practical terms and taking an applied‐science‐oriented approach, the synthesis of unsymmetrically meso‐substituted porphyrins is best accomplished by a combination of well‐developed condensation methods with subsequent functionalization by organolithium compounds or transition‐metal‐catalyzed coupling protocols. The methods described are suitable for the preparation of porphyrins for many divergent applications ranging over amphiphilic porphyrins for photodynamic therapy, push‐pull systems for optical applications and chiral systems useful in catalysis to donor–acceptor systems suitable for electron‐transfer studies.
Antigenotoxic potential of Gymnema montanum leaves on DNA damage in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and HL‐60 cell line
Authors: Ramkumar K.M. , Sankar L. , Manjula C. , Krishnamurthi K. , Devi S. Saravana , Chakrabarti T. , Kalaiselvi K. , Palanivel M. , Rajaguru P. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIn this study we have evaluated the genoprotective effect of the ethanol extract of Gymnema montanum (GLEt) leaves in human peripheral blood lymphocytes and HL‐60 cell line in vitro using the comet assay. DNA damage was induced by treating the cells with H2O2 and methyl methane sulphonate (MMS). GLEt treatment effectively protected the lymphocytes and HL‐60 cell line from H2O2‐induced oxidative DNA damage in a dose‐dependent manner whereas it was not effective against alkylative DNA damage caused by MMS. The global percent repair efficiency also showed that both pre‐ and post‐ GLEt treatment provided effective protection against H2O2 induced DNA damage but not as effective against MMS. At 200 μg ml−1 level, its repair capacity against H2O2 induced DNA damage was comparable to that of vitamin‐C (100 μM). Furthermore, exposure to GLEt reduced the formation of apoptotic cells caused by H2O2, which was demonstrated by the decreased sub‐G1‐DNA content in cell cycle analysis and apoptotic frequencies of lymphocytes in an annexin‐V binding assay. In addition, GLEt was found to have effective peroxide scavenging ability in dose‐dependent manner. The protective efficiency of the extract was found to be directly proportional to its total phenolic content. The present study indicates that G. montanum leaves are a significant source of phytochemicals with antigenotoxic and antioxidant activity, and thus has potential therapeutic use. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.