bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Method to determine the nadir PSA following partial gland ablation
Authors: Stone Nelson N. , Skouteris Vassilios , Shu Rendi , Stock Richard G. , Vanneste Ben GL 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesThe objective of this study is to propose a novel method of determining the nadir PSA (nPSA) for men with prostate cancer treated by partial gland ablation (PGA).Materials and MethodsTwo cohorts of men were analyzed to develop a formula for the nPSA in men undergoing PGA. First, 123 men with a suspicion of prostate cancer underwent transperineal mapping biopsy (TPMB) and found to have benign pathology. Their prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) was compared to the prostate volume using curve estimation regression analysis. Second, the contribution of PSA from an ablated region was determined by using a surrogate of 545 men who had whole‐gland brachytherapy followed by prostate biopsy. Biopsy results were compared to radiation dose (calculated as the biological equivalent dose) levels in men who were free from biochemical failure. The nPSA was then calculated by using the PSA density (PSAD) for the untreated volume plus the PSA from the post‐brachytherapy patients.ResultsThe PSAD with the highest R2 (0.80, p < 0.001) for the 123 men who had TPMB and a negative biopsy was 0.12 ng/mL2. In the brachytherapy patients, five 20 Gy dose groups were analyzed from ≤140 to ≥220 Gy, which demonstrated a progressive decrease in the positive biopsy rate to 1.5% at the highest dose (p = 0.036). PSA was <0.2 ng/mL in 98.2% of these men. If brachytherapy was used for PGA and a dose of ≥ 220 Gy was delivered to the ablation zone, the nPSA could be calculated from the remaining untreated volume as: the [(pretreatment PV)–treated volume] ×0.12 ng/mL2.ConclusionA method for determining the nPSA following PGA using brachytherapy was developed. The formula relies on complete ablation of the treated volume, which resulted in no PSA contribution from that component. Other forms of ablative energy should yield similar results. Further clinical validation of this concept is warranted.
Acting Wastefully but Feeling Satisfied: Understanding Waste Aversion
Authors: Zultan Ro'i , Weisel Ori , Shani Yaniv 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPaying more than one could have paid to obtain the same outcome is wasteful. In four experiments, we show that waste aversion can lead people to prefer a more wasteful outcome over a more frugal outcome, as long as it eliminates the feeling of wastefulness. In Study 1, we measured participants' satisfaction with lottery outcomes to find that they are less satisfied with their obtained outcome relative to an inferior, dominated, outcome—if they are aware of a counter‐factual in which they could have paid less to achieve the dominant outcome. Study 2 revealed that responsibility for the decision that led to the outcome does not intensify the effect, suggesting that wastefulness is a more prominent explanation for the effect than regret. Study 3 extended the results from outcome satisfaction to decisions. Participants altered their choice of whether to continue or terminate searching for an apartment based on their awareness of a counterfactual that renders the process leading to the outcome as wasteful or not. Waste aversion leads participants to extend their search beyond what they would do based purely on their preferences and expectations. Study 4 replicated these findings with payoff‐relevant decisions. Taken together, these four studies establish that waste aversion leads to higher satisfaction with dominated outcomes in real‐world experiences. The effect does not rely on decision regret, and may lead to suboptimal decisions.
Tumor Mutation Burden Survey of AACR GENIE Database Revealed NTRK (NTRK+) and RET (RET+) Fusions Positive Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) as Distinct Subsets
Authors: Arter Zhaohui Liao , Lee Alexandria T. M. , Nagasaka Misako , Ou Sai‐Hong Ignatius 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundReceptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of NTRK fusion (NTRK+) and RET fusion (RET+) positive solid tumors in a tumor‐agnostic manner. However, the objective response rate was the lowest among entrectinib‐treated NTRK+ colorectal cancer (CRC) (20%) and selpercatinib‐treated RET+ CRC (20%) among all NTRK+, and RET+ solid tumors, respectively.MethodsWe compared tumor mutation burden (TMB) in NTRK+/RET+ CRC with all other NTRK+ and RET+ solid tumors using the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) GENIE database (Version 13.0).ResultsWe identified 14,812 unique CRC patients. Considering only samples with identified fusion partners, the mean TMB was 66.6 ± 15.8 (mt/MB) for NTRK+ CRC (N = 9) and 35 ± 11.5 for RET+ CRC (N = 4), which were significantly higher when compared to the mean number of 6.2 ± 5.4 of TMB for all other RTK+ CRC (N = 30, p < 0.05). Furthermore, NTRK+ CRC harbored significantly higher TMB than RET+ CRC (p = 0.003). In comparison, the mean TMB was 4.0 ± 1.9 for RET+ NSCLC (N = 65) and 2.6 ± 1.6 for RET+ Thyroid cancer (N = 52). Mean TMB for all other NTRK+ solid tumors was < 11 and significantly lower than the mean TMB of NTRK+ CRC. 1482 (10.0%) CRC patients had their MSI status reported. Three out of three NTRK+ CRC patients with known MSI status were all dMMR (100%). 0 out of 12 non‐NTRK/non‐RET RTK+ CRC patients were dMMR (0%).ConclusionsNRTK+ and RET+ CRC possess significantly higher TMB than other RTK+ CRC or NTRK+/RET+ non‐CRC solid tumors. TMB testing should be routinely done in MSI‐H CRC, and TMB ≥ 35 mut/MB samples should be screened for NTRK and RET fusions as an enrichment strategy to provide additional treatment for NTRK+ and RET+ CRC patients.
Net Worth Optimization
Authors: Idzorek Thomas M. , Kaplan Paul D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTRecent work puts forth “net worth optimization” as an extension of asset‐only mean–variance optimization and liability‐relative optimization in which all of the components of an individual's holistic economic balance sheet are included in the optimization. This type of holistic, total portfolio optimization is constrained to include an untradable allocation to two entries in an individual economic balance sheet: the person's human capital and the person's nondiscretionary consumption liability, in which both are modeled as separate personalized combinations of asset classes (and perhaps individual stocks or bonds) based on the expected nature of their cash flow characteristics. In a series of controlled optimizations in which various parameters are varied, we study how changes in human capital modeling (riskiness) and balance sheet strength (funding status) influence the recommended asset allocation for an investor's financial capital asset allocation. Net worth optimization separates an investor's risk tolerance (attitude toward risk) from the investor's ability to take on risk (risk capacity), allowing risk tolerance to serve its original purpose.
The Synaptic Complexity of a High‐Integration Lobula Giant Neuron in Crabs
Authors: Barnatan Yair , Rind Claire , Scarano Florencia , Sztarker Julieta 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTArthropods are diverse, abundant, successful animals that exploit all available ecological niches. They sense the environment, move, interact with prey/predators/conspecifics, learn, and so forth using small brains with five orders of magnitude less neurons than mammals. Hence, these brains need to be efficient in information processing. One distinct aspect is the presence of large, easily identifiable single neurons that act as functional units for information processing integrating a high volume of information from different sources to guide behavior. To understand the synaptic organization behind these high‐integration nodes research on suitable neurons is needed. The lobula giant neurons (LGs) found in the third optic neuropil, the lobula, of semiterrestrial crabs Neohelice granulata respond to moving stimuli, integrate information from both eyes, and show short‐ and long‐term plasticity. They are thought to be key elements in the visuomotor transformation guiding escape responses to approaching objects. One subgroup, the MLG1 (monostratified LG type 1), is composed of 16 elements that have very wide main branches and a regular arrangement in a deep layer of the lobula which allows their identification even in unstained preparations. Here, we describe the types and abundance of synaptic contacts involving MLG1 profiles using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We found an unexpected diversity of synaptic motifs and an apparent compartmentalization of the dendritic arbor in two domains where MLG1s act predominantly as presynaptic or postsynaptic, respectively. We propose that the variety of contact types found in the dendritic arbor of the MLG1s reflects the multiple circuits in which these cells are involved. Regarding the detection of approaching objects, the distinctive input contact motifs shared by lobula giant neurons in crabs and locusts suggest a similar organization of the collision‐detecting pathways in both species.
Optimization of Etching Time, Temperature of Metal Salts in Surface‐texturized Silicon Fabricated Through One‐Step Metal‐Assisted Chemical Etching
Authors: Khairul Azri A.A , Wan Muhamad Hatta Sharifah Fatmadiana , Abdul Wahab Yasmin , Ker P.J. , Mekhilef S. , Islam M.A 
Published: February 2025

This study delves into the Metal‐Assisted Chemical Etching (MACE) of p‐type monocrystalline silicon wafers, with a focus on tailoring surface morphology for heightened performance as thermal absorbers. Employing diverse metal catalysts—specifically, nickel nitrate hexahydrate and silver nitrate salts—the investigation systematically explores the impact of catalyst type, etching time and temperature on nanostructure formation. One of the objectives was to maintain the etching temperature to be as low as possible through the application of the metal catalysts. Achieving >2 of thermal energy absorbance in the UV‐Vis‐NIR range required immersing samples in a nickel nitrate salt solution at room temperature for 60 minutes. Characterization through UV‐Vis‐NIR spectroscopy revealed reflectance and absorbance spectra, with silver nitrate salt‐etched samples demonstrating exceptional performance, achieving the lowest reflectance values within the critical wavelength range of 300‐1800 nm. Notably, after 60 minutes of etching, silver nitrate salt‐etched samples produced reflectance values ranging from 0.19% to 3.45%. Optimized parameters for nickel nitrate salt‐etched samples were identified at 30 minutes of etching and 50°C, showcasing an average reflectance of 1.54%. The study concludes with recommendations for future research, advocating for the exploration of additional metal catalysts and investigation of combined catalysts.
Synchronous Hepatocellular and Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma With Predominant Ductal Plate Malformation Pattern. A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Szodorai Rita , Fülöp Emőke , Fülöp Andrei , Neagoe Radu Mircea , Gurzu Simona 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSynchronous occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is extremely rare.CaseA 67‐year‐old male was admitted to the hospital with hemoperitoneum caused by a liver mass rupture and elevated serum liver enzymes. Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging revealed a solid mass, with 38 mm in maximum diameter, located in the fifth/sixth segments of the liver, suggesting an HCC. Emergency surgery was performed and a second liver mass in the fourth segment was identified intraoperatively, with 20 mm in maximum diameter. Hepatic resection of the affected segments was performed with free resection margins. Histopathological examination revealed the synchronous occurrence of HCC and ICC with a predominant ductal plate malformation pattern. The patient is still alive at 41 months after its first surgery.ConclusionsIn patients with HCC, a proper intraoperative assessment is indicated, in addition to imaging investigations, to detect synchronous lesions that can change the therapeutic approach. This is the first case ever reported in the literature in which synchronous HCC and ICC with a predominant ductal plate malformation pattern were incidentally diagnosed in a patient with hemoperitoneum.
Intermolecular Interaction, Electronic Structure and Aromaticity of Possible Dimers of Cyclo[18]Carbon (C18)
Authors: Pan Chengli , Liu Zhirong 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe optimized structures in the configuration space of cyclo[18]carbon (C18) dimers, most of which haven't been studied in detail or even discovered yet, were explored here, and their electronic structure, aromaticity and intermolecular interaction between monomers were thoroughly investigated based on quantum chemistry and various electronic wavefunction analyses. For the dimers bound by weak interaction, their dimerization interactions are contributed mainly by dispersion and less significantly by electrostatic attraction. For those bound by covalent bonds, the symmetry of their geometric structures and hence the degeneracy of out‐of‐plane and in‐plane
orbitals (
and
) are broken after dimerization. Also predicted are the interesting phenomena including their aromaticity or anti‐aromaticity, as well as the spin polarization of their singlet ground states as a result of the distortion of their carbon rings.
Light Enhanced Water Dissociation in Bipolar Membranes
Authors: Giesbrecht Patrick K , Margeson Matthew J. , Dasog Mita , Freund Michael 
Published: February 2025

Bipolar membrane (BPM) integration can allow robust and abundant materials to be implemented into energy conversion frameworks and purification pathways vital for the development of clean technologies. However, large membrane voltages associated with water dissociation (WD) have hampered widespread adoption. This work investigates an alternative method to reduce the overvoltage associated with WD operation by illuminating the BPM interface in the presence of nanoparticulate catalyst layers that exhibit plasmonic character. The plasmonic character of the catalyst enhanced the field locally near the active catalyst site, lowering the resistance associated with WD as well as the onset potential for WD. Optimal catalyst loadings allowed a balance of light absorption, catalyst activity, and field utilization. Composites of known WD catalysts that exhibited minimal light activity with a plasmonic and WD active material exhibited improvements in the WD resistance and overvoltage of up to 20% upon irradiation. This proof‐of‐concept work introduces a new paradigm for altering WD activity in BPMs, where the optical activity of WD catalysts can provide further tunability towards efficient WD and alternative energy conversion frameworks.
Genome‐wide association study for traits related to cold tolerance and recovery during seedling stage in rice
Authors: Rastogi Khushboo , Mankar Sumeet P. , Septiningsih Endang M. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.), due to its tropical and subtropical origin, is adversely affected by low temperatures below 15°C, restricting growth and yield. During the seedling and vegetative stage, cold stress causes curled leaves, fewer tillers, retarded growth, chlorosis, and necrosis. Due to the significance of this trait, exploring the wealth of genetic resources from a wider pool of germplasm to identify new sources of tolerance will be a crucial step. Toward this goal, we performed a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) on a novel diversity panel of 238 rice accessions using the 7K SNP Cornell‐IR LD Rice (C7AIR) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The experiment was conducted in controlled growth conditions, and rice accessions were evaluated for seven traits and four indices, which were recorded at three different time points, that is, before cold treatment, after cold treatment, and post‐recovery phase. A total of 77 significant GWAS‐quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were identified for 21 cold tolerance and related traits of interest. Out of these, 34 were detected after cold stress, and 43 were detected during the post‐recovery phase. A total of 42 QTL regions were significant at false discovery rate (FDR) < 0.001 and −log10(p‐values) > 5. In addition, 31 novel GWAS‐QTLs, three colocalized GWAS‐QTL hotspots, and eight colocalized GWAS‐QTLs for two traits sharing the same genomic location were also identified. The results of this study may help in further elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying cold tolerance as well as aid in developing climate‐smart rice varieties for chilling stress conditions.
A Novel Hexagonal Switched Capacitor Unit (HSCU) Design With Seven‐Level Multilevel Inverter Topology
Authors: Karakılıç Murat 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a new switched capacitor (SC) unit is proposed, which provides a solution for the multiple DC voltage requirement of multi‐level inverters (MLIs). The proposed hexagonal switched capacitor unit (HSCU) contains SCs that have self‐balancing ability and do not require any additional circuits. HSCU provides three voltage boosts using only one DC voltage source with four power switches, two capacitors, and two discrete diodes. A comparison with related topologies in the literature indicates that the proposed topology requires considerably fewer power devices than others. To suppress impulsive charging currents in the capacitors, a soft charging cell (SCC) is utilized. Experimental results demonstrate that the SCC effectively suppresses current peaks, contributing to improved circuit performance. In addition, the proposed 7L SC‐MLI has successfully passed the simulation and experimental realization tests with nearest level control (NLC) modulation techniques and sinusoidal pulse width modulation (SPWM) modulation techniques. Response to dynamic changes in frequency, modulation index (MI) and load have been verified through tests. Power loss analysis was performed in PLECS software, and the efficiency was found to be 96.45%.
Factors associated with delayed bleeding following ampullectomy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Pawlak Katarzyna M. , Khalaf Kareem , Gupta Sunil , Tham Daniel , Chon Joseph , Mokhtar Ahmed H. , Na Caleb , Mahjoob Maryam , Di Fonzo David M.P. , Mosko Jeffrey D. , Teshima Christopher W. , May Gary R. , Calo Natalia Causada 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntroduction and objectivesEndoscopic ampullectomy is the preferred treatment for selected periampullary lesions, yet up to 10.6% of patients may experience delayed bleeding post‐procedure. This study aims to identify predictors for bleeding, which remain poorly understood.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective cohort study of adult patients who underwent endoscopic ampullectomy (EA) between January 2011 and September 2023. The primary outcome was the risk factors for delayed bleeding, defined as post‐procedural bleeding that necessitated either an emergency department visit, hospital admission, blood transfusion, or re‐intervention. Secondary outcomes included adverse events, such as perforation and pancreatitis.ResultsA total of 113 patients underwent EA, and 25 (22.1%) experienced delayed bleeding. Of these, 20 (80%) required repeat endoscopy, six (24%) needed blood transfusions, and three (12%) were managed conservatively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified international normalized ratio ≥1.2 (odds ratio [OR] 3.32, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.03–10.74, p = 0.05), presence of high‐grade dysplasia or intramucosal cancer (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.20–11.81, p = 0.03), female sex (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.11–8.93, p = 0.03), size of lesion (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.08, p = 0.03) and procedure duration (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97–0.99, p = 0.04) as independent predictors of delayed bleeding.ConclusionSeveral factors, including features of high‐grade dysplasia‐intramucosal cancer, international normalized ratio ≥1.2, female sex, lesion size, and procedure duration are associated with delayed post‐ampullectomy bleeding. These factors should be taken into consideration when strategizing the reduction of post‐ampullectomy bleeding.
A case of intramural esophageal dissection caused by vomiting during barium esophagography
Authors: Ogiso Takuya , Ikegami Shuji , Matsuba Tomohiko , Takeuchi Yusuke , Takayanagi Masahiro 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIntramural esophageal dissection is a rare disease characterized by a laceration of the submucosal layer in the esophageal wall due to mechanical damage or esophageal pressure, resulting in the separation of the mucosal layer from the muscularis layer. This report presents a case of intramural esophageal dissection induced by vomiting during barium esophagography in a 70‐year‐old man undergoing evaluation for esophageal cancer. Preoperative assessments included endoscopic biopsies and the placement of a marking clip, followed by barium esophagography. During the procedure, the patient experienced vomiting and subsequent neck‐chest pain. Computed tomography revealed a barium‐filled dissection cavity within the esophagus. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy identified submucosal dissection proximal to esophageal cancer, exposing the muscularis layer and the entry site was at the same level as the biopsy site. The patient was treated conservatively with fasting, leading to symptom resolution. Follow‐up endoscopic evaluations confirmed that the entry site remained open but epithelialized, and the esophageal wound had healed.
Feasibility of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy using a novel long balloon catheter
Authors: Takano Yuichi , Tamai Naoki , Yamawaki Masataka , Noda Jun , Azami Tetsushi , Niiya Fumitaka , Maruoka Naotaka , Yamagami Tatsuya , Nagahama Masatsugu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectivesRecently, a novel long balloon catheter for tract dilation in endoscopic ultrasound‐guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) was developed. The balloon measures 6 cm in length, which enables one‐step tract dilation of the gastric wall, liver parenchyma, and bile duct wall, contributing to shorter procedure times and reduced bile leakage. This study investigated the feasibility of EUS‐HGS with this new balloon catheter.MethodsThis retrospective study included consecutive cases in which EUS‐HGS was performed using a novel long balloon catheter (3 mm in diameter) for malignant distal biliary obstructions between February 2024 and October 2024. The patients' clinical background and procedural details were retrospectively examined using medical records. The primary outcome was technical success, defined as successful stent placement without additional dilation using devices other than the new balloon catheter. The secondary outcomes were clinical success and adverse events.ResultsThis study included 10 patients. The median age was 82.5 years, and there were seven males and three females. The median procedure time was 20 min. Technical success was achieved in 90% and clinical success was achieved in 100%. Regarding adverse events, one patient developed moderate cholecystitis, and percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage was performed. No bile leakage, peritonitis, bleeding, or perforation was observed.ConclusionThe new long balloon catheter is an excellent device that can reliably dilate the whole tract with a single inflation. EUS‐HGS using a novel long balloon catheter is a feasible treatment option.