bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thrombectomy Outcomes in Acute Basilar Artery Occlusions Due to Intracranial Atherosclerotic Disease
Authors: Mierzwa Adam T. , Al Kasab Sami , Nelson Ashley , Gutierrez Santiago Ortega , Vivanco-Suarez Juan , Farooqui Mudassir , Jadhav Ashutosh P. , Desai Shashvat , Toth Gabor , Alrohimi Anas , Nguyen Thanh N. , Klein Piers , Abdalkader Mohamad , Salahuddin Hisham , Pandey Aditya , Koduri Sravanthi , Wilseck Zachary , Vora Nirav , Aladamat Nameer , Gharaibeh Khaled , Afreen Ehad , Zaidi Syed , Jumaa Mouhammad 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) large vessel occlusion (LVO) is responsible for up to 30% of LVO. In this study, we aimed to determine the likelihood of favorable functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale 0-3) in acute ICAD-LVO basilar occlusion compared with embolic basilar occlusion.

METHODS:
This is an analysis of the Posterior Circulation Ischemic Stroke Evaluation: Analyzing Radiographic and Intraprocedural Predictors for Mechanical Thrombectomy Registry in which patients with acute basilar artery occlusions from 8 comprehensive stroke centers were included from 2015 to 2021. Patients were dichotomized into with (ICAD-LVO) or without underlying ICAD (embolic). Descriptive statistics for each group and multivariate logistic analysis were performed on the primary outcome.

RESULTS:
Three hundred forty-six patients were included. There were 215 patients with embolic (62%) and 131 patients with ICAD-LVO (38%). Baseline demographics were equivalent between the 2 groups except for sex (male 47% vs 67%; P < .001), history of stroke (12% vs 25%; P = .002), and atrial fibrillation (31% vs 17%; P = .003). At 90 days, patients in the ICAD-LVO cohort were less likely to achieve favorable functional outcomes (odds ratio [OR] 0.41, 95% CI 0.22-0.72; P = .003) after adjusting for potentially confounding factors. In addition, ICAD-LVO strokes were less likely to achieve thrombolysis in cerebral infarction ≥2b (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.14-0.57; P < .001). ICAD-LVO lesions were more likely to require stent placement (OR 14.94, 95% CI 4.91-45.49; P < .001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated favorable functional outcomes in patients who underwent stenting and angioplasty compared with failed recanalization cohort (OR 4.96, 95% CI 1.68-14.64; P < .004).

CONCLUSION:
Patients with acute basilar ICAD-LVO have higher morbidity and mortality compared with patients with embolic source. Lower rates of successful recanalization in the ICAD-LVO cohort support this finding. Our subgroup analysis demonstrates that stenting should be considered in patients with recanalization failure. Rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage were similar between the ICAD-LVO and embolic cohorts.
Predictors of Durable Remission After Successful Surgery for Cushing Disease: Results From the Multicenter RAPID Registry
Authors: Findlay Matthew C. , Tenhoeve Sam , Alt Jeremiah , Rennert Robert C. , Couldwell William T. , Evans James , Collopy Sarah , Kim Won , Delery William , Pacione Donato , Kim Albert , Silverstein Julie M. , Chicoine Michael R. , Gardner Paul , Rotman Lauren , Yuen Kevin C. J. , Barkhoudarian Garni , Fernandez-Miranda Juan , Benjamin Carolina , Kshettry Varun R. , Zada Gabriel , Van Gompel Jamie , Catalino Michael P. , Little Andrew S. , Karsy Michael 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Cushing disease (CD) affects mortality and quality of life along with limited long-term remission, underscoring the need to better identify recurrence risk. The identification of surgical or imaging predictors for CD remission after transsphenoidal surgery has yielded some inconsistent results and has been limited by single-center, single-surgeon, or meta-analyses studies. We sought to evaluate the multicenter Registry of Adenomas of the Pituitary and Related Disorders (RAPID) database of academic US pituitary centers to assess whether robust nonhormonal recurrence predictors could be elucidated.

METHODS:
Patients with treated CD from 2011 to 2023 were included. The perioperative and long-term characteristics of CD patients with and without recurrence were assessed using univariable and multivariable analyses.

RESULTS:
Of 383 patients with CD from 26 surgeons achieving postoperative remission, 288 (75.2%) maintained remission at last follow-up while 95 (24.8%) showed recurrence (median time to recurrence 9.99 ± 1.34 years). Patients with recurrence required longer postoperative hospital stays (5 ± 3 vs 4 ± 2 days, P = .002), had larger average tumor volumes (1.76 ± 2.53 cm3 vs 0.49 ± 1.17 cm3, P = .0001), and more often previously failed prior treatment (31.1% vs 14.9%, P = .001) mostly being prior surgery. Multivariable hazard prediction models for tumor recurrence found younger age (odds ratio [OR] = 0.95, P = .002) and Knosp grade of 0 (OR = 0.09, reference Knosp grade 4, P = .03) to be protective against recurrence. Comparison of Knosp grade 0 to 2 vs 3 to 4 showed that lower grades had reduced risk of recurrence (OR = 0.27, P = .04). Other factors such as length of stay, surgeon experience, prior tumor treatment, and Knosp grades 1, 2, or 3 failed to reach levels of statistical significance in multivariable analysis.

CONCLUSION:
This multicenter study centers suggests that the strongest predictors of recurrence include tumor size/invasion and age. This insight can help with patient counseling and prognostication. Long-term follow-up is necessary for patients, and early treatment of small tumors may improve outcomes.
A Case for Pilates as Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Mahnke Alexandra , Allen Charles 
Published: June 2024

Apply It!
• Learn about the onset and risks of obstructive sleep apnea.
• Evaluate the different types of possible treatments for obstructive sleep apnea.
• Incorporate a Pilates protocol as a treatment intervention to focus on outcomes in respiratory strength and performance in chronic diseased populations.
ACSM Committee on Certification and Registry Boards Update on Recertification and Continuing Education Credit Provider Policy
Authors: Gallo Paul M. , Langton Becky , Magal Meir , Reed Rachelle , Whitworth James W. , Neric Francis 
Published: June 2024

Apply It!
By reading this article you will be able to:
• Define the current competencies of the ACSM-Group Exercise Instructor®(ACSM-GEI), ACSM-Certified Personal Trainer® (ACSM-CPT), ACSM-Exercise Physiologist® (ACSM-EP), and ACSM-Clinical Exercise Physiologist®(ACSM-CEP).
• Understand the procedures associated with ACSM recertification and categories of continuing education credits (CEC) that apply to recertification.
• Discuss policy for continuing education providers that is considered acceptable and within the competencies of each certification program.
Review of the Pupilloidea of Pakistan (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Cochlicopidae, Chondrinidae, Orculidae, Pyramidulidae)
Authors: Auffenberg Kurt , Masroor Rafaqat , Gojšina Vukašin , Páll-Gergely Barna 
Published: June 2024

The land snail fauna of Pakistan is poorly known. During surveys conducted in the summer months of 1990–1992 the Pupilloidea was the most diverse and commonly encountered group of land snails. The Chondrinidae, Cochlicopidae, Orculidae, and Pyramidulidae are reviewed herein. Sphyradium doliolum (Bruguière, 1792) is recorded from Pakistan for the first time. New Pakistan records for Granopupa lapidaria (Hutton, 1849), Cochlicopa cf. lubrica (O. F. Müller, 1774), and Pyramidula humilis (Benson, 1838) are provided. Pyramidula cf. salimalii is reported from localities other than the type locality for the first time. An unidentifiable species of Pyramidula is also reported.
Jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) collagen scaffolds potential in alveolar bone regeneration
Authors: Rachmawati Ranny , Hidayat Mohammad , Permatasari Nur , Widyarti Sri 
Published: June 2024

Background: Collagen scaffold is one of the most important parts of bone engineering especially for the alveolar bone regeneration. Jellyfish Aurelia aurita is one of the marine animals with the most potential for the development of collagen scaffold due to its high content of collagen and amino acid. This research aimed to evaluate the potential of jellyfish A. aurita collagen scaffold as a supporter for alveolar bone regeneration. Methods: Collagen was extracted from jellyfish by sonication method while scaffold was prepared by freeze-drying method, and chemical cross-linking with N-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-N’-ethyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC). Scaffold was characterized using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Fourier Transformed Infra-Red (FTIR), Cytotoxicity test with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), and biodegradability test. Results: The scaffold has a porous surface with a slightly rough texture and it has pores with size 159.9mm – 325.6mm. Carbon and oxygen are the highest elements in the scaffold. Based on FTIR results, the collagen scaffold with EDC has a lower infrared absorption rate compared to collagen scaffold without EDC. The result in cytotoxicity test showed that collagen scaffold that had been combined with EDC was not toxic to human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and even able to increase the cells growth. The scaffold with EDC has been degraded slower compared to the scaffold without EDC. Conclusion: The collagen scaffold is appropriate with the requirements as the biomaterial in supporting the alveolar bone regeneration, by fulfilling the following criteria, such as biocompatible, biodegradable, ideal porous interconnection, non-toxic, and cell viability support.
iSCAT microscopy and particle tracking with tailored spatial coherence
Authors: Mazaheri Mahdi , Kasaian Kiarash , Albrecht David , Renger Jan , Utikal Tobias , Holler Cornelia , Sandoghdar Vahid 
Published: June 2024

Interferometric scattering (iSCAT) microscopy has demonstrated
unparalleled performance among label-free optical methods for
detecting and imaging isolated nanoparticles and molecules. However,
when imaging complex structures such as biological cells, the
superposition of the scattering fields from different locations of the
sample leads to a speckle-like background, posing a significant
challenge in deciphering fine features. Here, we show that by
controlling the spatial coherence of the illumination, one can
eliminate the spurious speckle without sacrificing sensitivity. We
demonstrate this approach by positioning a rotating diffuser coupled
with an adjustable lens and an iris in the illumination path. We
report on imaging at a high frame rate of 25 kHz and across a
large field of view of 100µm×100µm, while maintaining
diffraction-limited resolution. We showcase the advantages of these
features by three-dimensional (3D) tracking over 1000 vesicles in a
single COS-7 cell and by imaging the dynamics of the endoplasmic
reticulum (ER) network. Our approach opens the door to the combination
of label-free imaging, sensitive detection, and 3D high-speed tracking
using wide-field iSCAT microscopy.
Integrated interferometers’ system for in situ real-time optical signal modulation
Authors: Chatterjee Kalipada , Nedoma Jan , Arumuru Venugopal , Sahu Subrat , Marques Carlos , Jha Rajan 
Published: June 2024

Improving the functionality of an optical sensor on a prefabricated platform relies heavily on an optical signal conditioning method that actively modulates optical signals. In this work, we present a method for active modulation of an optical sensor response that uses fiber modal interferometers integrated in parallel. Over a broad frequency range of 1 Hz to 1 kHz, the interferometers’ technology allows for adjustable amplification, attenuation, and filtering of dynamic signals. The suggested method is also used to enhance the real-time response of an optical fluid flowmeter. In order to keep tabs on different physical fields, the suggested approach promotes the creation of self-conditioning sensing systems.
Soccer Game Turned Bloody: A Case of Exercise-Induced Ischemic Colitis
Authors: Zaffar Duha , Rivera Eliesther , Schwartz Stephen , Ali Osman , Greenwald Bruce D. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Ischemic colitis (IC) should be considered as a cause for gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with recent vigorous physical activity. Vasoconstriction driven by increased sympathetic tone during exercise is believed to mediate exercise-induced IC. In this report, a 21-year-old man with no medical history developed self-resolving, sudden-onset hematochezia and abdominal pain after playing in a collegiate soccer match for 90 minutes. Colonoscopy with biopsy showed changes consistent with IC. He improved without further treatment. In most cases, exercise-induced IC resolves completely with supportive care and correction of hypovolemia. Careful monitoring is appropriate before pursuing further evaluation.
Does Erodium trifolium (Cav.) Guitt exhibit medicinal properties? Response elements from phytochemical profiling, enzyme-inhibiting, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities
Authors: Bouhedda Amina , Laouer Hocine , Souilah Nabila , Çakır Cansel , Bouriah Nacéra , Abu-Elsaoud Abdelghafar M. , Selamoglu Zeliha , Ben Hamadi Naoufel , Alomran Maryam M. , Özdemir Sadin , Öztürk Mehmet , Boufahja Fehmi , Bendif Hamdi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Geraniaceae are typically used as diuretic, anti-diarrhoeal, stomachic, and anti-hemorrhagic drugs. This study examined the phytochemicals and bioactivities in methanolic extract (ME) and petroleum ether extract (PEE) of the Erodium trifolium aerial part. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to assess the mineral profiles, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) were used to assess the phenolic content of ME, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to assess the fatty acid and volatile composition of the PEEs. In addition, the bioactivities of extracts were evaluated by using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, ABTS, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity assays, including enzyme inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), α-amylase, α-glucosidase activities, and antibacterial properties. HPLC-MS identified eight compounds in ME: rutin, catechin, and caffeine were the major phenolic compounds detected. HPLC-DAD analysis showed that 11 compounds detected among epicatechin, catechin, chlorogenic acid, and gallic acid were predominant. GC-MS analysis revealed 30 fatty acids in PEE, with palmitic acid and oleic acid being predominant. The mineral content showed that Fe was the abundant microelement, and Ca and K were the abundant macroelements. The ME exhibited the highest activity compared to the PEE in all tests regarding antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Furthermore, all the extracts showed moderate inhibition against AChE, BChE, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase. In conclusion, E. trifolium may be employed to separate novel bioactive metabolites with potential pharmaceutical activities.
Entrepreneurship Trainings and Human Capital Endowment: When Learning from External Sources Does (Not) Increase Performance
Authors: Storz Cornelia , Amoncio Egbert , Ramachandran Rajesh 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bottom-of-the-pyramid (BoP) entrepreneurs have few resources to draw on besides their human capital. We analyze the effects of a training program teaching lean management to BoP entrepreneurs in Zambia by comparing its performance effects across individuals with high and low levels of specific human capital. We find that participation in the entrepreneurship training program positively affects management practices related to lean management as well as cost reduction for all training participants. The program, however, has no uniform effect on profits. The effect is positive only for entrepreneurs equipped with specific human capital. Moreover, we observe that this effect is in particular strong for entrepreneurs with vocational education compared to work experience. This suggests that the value of entrepreneurship training programs is contingent on human-capital endowment and calls into question existing notions of what it means to offer such programs.
A systematic review of manual therapy modalities and anxiety
Authors: West Kayla L. , Huzij Teodor 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Context
Anxiety disorders have a far-reaching impact on society, with profound implications on both mental and physical health. In response, there is growing interest in manual therapy modalities, with emerging research suggesting their potential to alleviate related symptoms.

Objectives
To establish a consensus regarding manual therapy modalities for addressing anxiety symptoms, a systematic review of current literature was conducted.

Methods
A literature search was conducted between May and August 2023, utilizing a systematic search on both PubMed and Google Scholar, adhering to the defined inclusion criteria. In addition, information was gathered utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Both authors (KLW and TH) conducted the literature review. The inclusion criteria include articles written in English, peer-reviewed, anxiety conditions documented, and manual therapy delivered by a respectfully qualified professional. Manual therapy modalities include massage therapy, osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT), foot reflexology, acupressure, manual therapy, healing touch, therapeutic touch, and gentle touch. After initial data collection, both researchers independently screened articles utilizing two metrics: a level of evidence (LOE) table and a screening criterion incorporating unique elements from the search process. The quality of the included articles was assessed utilizing Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT). When reviewer discrepancies arose, authors reread full-text studies and discussed the inclusion and exclusion criteria to achieve consensus.

Results
The data searches identified 8,979 articles, with 239 articles remaining after duplicates and nonapplicable articles were removed. A total of 42 articles met the inclusion criteria, with only 40 articles able to be obtained for full-article review. After full review and the exclusion of articles with invalid author conclusions, meta-analysis, or systematic reviews, 34 articles were included in the review. All articles received an LOE rating of 2 or better and aligned with our specific screening criteria. Based on SORT, each modality was assigned a “B” rating. Among the included articles, n=27 demonstrated statistical significance in favor of manual therapy modalities as an anxiety treatment. The positive results for the aforementioned manual therapies on anxiety symptom improvement are shown: 15/18 (83 %) massage therapy, 2/6 (33 %) OMT, 5/5 (100 %) foot reflexology, 1/1 (100 %) acupressure, 1/1 (100 %) manual therapy, 0/2 (0 %) healing touch, 1/1 (100 %) therapeutic touch, and 1/1 (100 %) gentle touch.

Conclusions
A pattern emerged, wherein individuals receiving manual therapy interventions displayed a statistically significant reduction in anxiety intensity. Considering the positive results, manual therapy should be considered an effective strategy for anxiety management.
Mental disorders in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: results from the DPV registry
Authors: Müller-Godeffroy Esther , Schmid Stefanie , Reinauer Christina , Galler Angela , Hilgard Dörte , Marshall Louise , Kapellen Thomas , Lilienthal Eggert , Mönkemöller Kirsten , Brosig Burkhard , Prchla Christine , Holl Reinhard W. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
The COVID-19 pandemic affected the mental health of children and adolescents in the general population, yet its impact on those with chronic conditions is relatively unknown. This study aimed to compare the incidences of comorbid mental disorders and substance misuse in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes before and during the pandemic.

Methods
A total of 42,975 patients aged 6–18 years from the multicentre DPV (Diabetes Prospective Follow-up) registry were included. Multivariable regression models were applied to compare newly diagnosed comorbid mental disorders, adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, among them the number of medical visits, during the pre-pandemic period (09/2017–02/2020) and the COVID-19 pandemic period (03/2020–08/2022).

Results
Analysing both sexes together, there were no differences in the incidence rates of overall mental disorders between the pandemic and the pre-pandemic period. However, girls showed an increased incidence rate (odds ratio 1.2, CI 1.1–1.3) during the pandemic. Adolescent girls also displayed higher incidence rates of depression, eating disorders, and self-harm. Substance misuse declined overall during the pandemic (odds ratio 0.8, CI 0.7–0.9).

Conclusions
During the COVID-19 pandemic, we found higher incidence rates of overall mental disorders in girls, but not in boys and not in the total study population of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Adolescent girls displayed increased incidence rates of depression, eating disorders, and self-harm. Substance misuse declined substantially. Clinicians should be aware of the high-risk group of adolescent girls during times of increased strain.
Encoding politeness in African urban youth languages: evidence from Southern Africa
Authors: Gibson Hannah , Marten Lutz , Ndlovu Sambulo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
African urban youth languages (AUYLs) often function as languages of resistance and “anti-languages”, establishing alternative semiotic spaces. In this paper, we analyse the encoding of politeness and respect in AUYLs, drawing on examples from Southern Africa, and show that they have complex systems of politeness marking, comparable to the matrix languages on which they draw. This includes different types of address forms, polite reference forms, and the use of avoidance language. There are lexical and morphological strategies to achieve politeness in AUYLs and these can be used to express both negative and positive politeness. The picture that emerges from this study is consistent with previous findings showing the structural complexity of AUYLs. However, the paper suggests that the presence of complex politeness marking in AUYLs may reflect the complex, and at times ambiguous, relation of AUYLs with established, mainstream norms.
Clinical efficacy of dexamethasone combined with isoniazid in the treatment of tuberculous meningitis and its effect on peripheral blood T cell subsets
Authors: Hou TianYong , Wang JianWei , Shi Liang , Fan ShuHui , Li JingYing , Wang QuanHong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the clinical efficacy of dexamethasone (Dex) combined with isoniazid in tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and its effect on peripheral blood T cell subsets.

Methods
A total of 235 patients with TBM were divided into the control group (117 cases) and the observation group (118 cases). Both groups were given conventional treatment, the control group was further given isoniazid, and the observation group was further given Dex combined with isoniazid. The therapeutic effect and improvement of clinical symptoms were evaluated, peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and neurological function were observed, and patients’ prognosis was evaluated.

Results
The total effective rate of the observation group was higher. The recovery time of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure, CSF protein content, CSF cell count, and hospital stays in the observation group were shorter. The duration of cervicogenic headache, fever, vomiting, and coma in the observation group was shorter. CD3+ and CD4+/CD8+ proportions in the observation group were higher, and CD8+ proportion was lower. The NIHSS score and MRS score of the observation group were lower, as well as the incidence of adverse reactions.

Conclusion
Dex combined with isoniazid alleviates clinical symptoms and neurological abnormalities and regulates peripheral blood T cell subsets in TBM.