bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing Adverse Community Environments: Participant Recommendations to Foster Community Well‐Being
Authors: Lappan Sara , Boyd Danielle , Files Martez , Coleman Monica 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAdverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) encompass childhood trauma linked to chronic health issues. Often discussed on a micro‐level, ACEs need a holistic perspective, emphasizing community‐based research and contextual resilience to address systemic barriers effectively. Following the principles of community‐based participatory research, two focus groups, composed of 15 people, were conducted to learn about community members' recommendations on what would be supportive for their communities. The study investigates the built environment, values, and resource accessibility, emphasizing the importance of outdoor access, community spaces, connectedness, and inclusive resource provision. The findings contribute to the literature by comprehensively understanding residents' perspectives on neighborhood well‐being, explicitly highlighting the significance of a well‐designed built environment, shared values, and accessible resources in fostering resilient and vibrant communities.
Recurrent posterior shoulder instability—Long‐term results after arthroscopic posterior bone block with capsular reconstruction
Authors: Karkosch Roman F. , Slapar Juergen , Smith Tomas , Wellmann Mathias , Pastor Marc‐Frederic , Horstmann Hauke 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPurposeThis study reports the long‐term post‐operative clinical outcomes after arthroscopic posterior bone block augmentation with posterior capsular repair.MethodsEighteen shoulders (13 patients) with unidirectional posterior shoulder instability were treated with an arthroscopic posterior bone block augmentation and posterior capsular repair in 2011 and 2013 in a single specialized orthopaedic clinic. These patients were invited to participate in a clinical and radiological follow‐up examination to receive long‐term results regarding clinical outcomes, instability, and development of osteoarthritis (OA).ResultsFrom the initial study group, 13 patients (18 shoulders) could be obtained for a follow‐up examination. The mean follow‐up period was 111 months. At the final follow‐up, two patients (two shoulders) reported recurrent subluxations with a positive apprehension sign. No redislocation was reported. Screw fixation was still in place in seven patients (38.9%). Overall, good clinical outcomes were achieved among Constant–Murley score (77.6 ± 16; p = 0.55), Rowe score (67.5 ± 22.1; p = 0.34), Walch–Duplay score (58.3 ± 28.2) and Western Ontario Shoulder Index (40.4 ± 23.3%; p = 0.96), showing insignificant changes compared with the 2‐year results. Three shoulders developed severe OA (Samilson and Prieto III). No patient required arthroplasty.ConclusionArthroscopic posterior bone block augmentation with posterior capsular repair represents a salvage procedure that can achieve long‐term shoulder stability with overall moderate clinical results. Patients have to be informed about the probable need for implant removal and the high risk of OA development, especially in the presence of pre‐existing cartilage damage, beforehand.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
The magnificent seven: An assembly of educational opportunities within an academic hospital medicine program
Authors: Smith Dustin T. , Ajala Khaalisha , Amin Monee , Hall Mary Ann Kirkconnell , Kim Erin , Kobaidze Ketino , Moussa Mohamad , Hunt Daniel P. , Massart Annie 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIncreasing clinical demands and a reduction in traditional teaching opportunities at academic medical centers threaten the ability of hospitalists to participate in their institution's educational mission. Hospitalists with teaching as part of their career focus benefit from faculty development or the creation of teaching activities to stimulate interest in academic medicine and overcome pre‐existing barriers to education. Our large, multi‐site hospital medicine division sought to engage hospitalists from various practice settings in educational opportunities to expand their skill sets as teachers. An Education Council introduced seven initiatives embedded with educator roles for faculty: clinicopathological conference, clinical vignette competition, Grand Rounds, peer observation of teaching, teaching competition, visiting professorship, and ward teacher workshop. Program opportunities generated directorships, faculty, and peer development roles. Multimodal assessment demonstrated increased attendance, evaluations, recognition, scholarship, and events over time. This innovative heptad of faculty educational opportunities within an academic hospital medicine program is feasible, effective, and scalable.
Genomic Epidemiology of the Main SARS‐CoV‐2 Variants Circulating in Italy During the Omicron Era
Authors: Bergna Annalisa , Lai Alessia , Sagradi Fabio , Menzo Stefano , Mancini Nicasio , Bruzzone Bianca , Rusconi Stefano , Marchegiani Greta , Clementi Nicola , Francisci Daniela , Vicenti Ilaria , Ronchiadin Silvia , Mbissam Harcel Djaya , della Ventura Carla , Lanfranchi Leonardo , Testa Sophie , Caucci Sara , Acciarri Carla , Carioti Luca , Occhionero Alessandro , Novazzi Federica , Genoni Angelo Paolo , Ferrante Francesca Drago , De Pace Vanessa , Ferraris Monica , Ogliastro Matilde , Gabrieli Arianna , De Paschale Massimo , Canavesi Giada , Bellocchi Maria Concetta , Iannetta Marco , Sarmati Loredana , Ceccherini‐Silberstein Francesca , Riva Agostino , Antinori Spinello , Zehender Gianguglielmo ,   SARS‐CoV‐2 ITALIAN RESEARCH ENTERPRISE – collaborative Group
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSince early 2022 the Omicron variant has rapidly spread worldwide, becoming the dominant variant to date. The study aimed to investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID‐19 patients and reconstruct the genomic epidemiology of main SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron sublineages in Italy in 2022. A total of 8970 SARS‐CoV‐2 samples were studied, and phylogenetic analyses were focused on BA.1, BA.2, and BA.5 subvariants. More than half of subjects received three doses of vaccine and experienced a reinfection. A significant larger proportion of unvaccinated subjects presented reinfection compared with vaccinated. Clusters presented a tMRCA between September–November 2021 (BA.1), November 2021–January 2022 (BA.2), and October 2021–May 2022 (BA.5). Re values showed the highest level between September–October, January–February 2022, and May 2022 for BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5, respectively. Limited number of studied variant sequences are included in clusters. The spread rate of the studied variant exceeded its evolutionary rate. No single sublineage had sufficient time to differentiate into large clusters, but only into small and fragmented groups sharing the same recent ancestor. These analyses dissect the epidemiological dynamics of Omicron sublineages in Italy over a period of great epidemiological changes in the COVID‐19 epidemic.
Inflammatory Burden Index as a Predictor of In‐Hospital Mortality in Patients With Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
Authors: Yang Zhixian , Wang Luonan , Hong Baoyu , He Zhicheng , Zhang Qixing , Shen Tingting , Shen Junjie , Shen Shichun , Cheng Yan , Gong Chen 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSevere fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an infectious disease caused by a novel bunyavirus that poses a significant threat to human health. The aim of this study was to identify a precise and user‐friendly indicator for predicting the mortality of patients with SFTS. We retrospectively analyzed data from 181 hospitalized patients with SFTS. Inflammatory markers, including the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (LMR), platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), C‐reactive protein‐to‐albumin ratio (CAR), and inflammatory burden index (IBI), were compared between the survival group and the nonsurvival group. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of the IBI for the poor prognosis of SFTS patients. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan‒Meier (KM) method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to explore factors influencing the prognosis of hospitalized patients with SFTS. The results indicate that patients with high IBI had significantly higher mortality rates than those with low IBI. ROC curve analysis revealed that the IBI had better predictive value than the other indicators did, with an optimal cutoff value of 0.878. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis revealed that patients with high IBI had higher mortality rates and shorter survival times. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the IBI was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with SFTS. Therefore, the IBI can be used to help clinicians identify high‐risk individuals and implement timely therapeutic interventions.
Assessment of 5A's of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination: Awareness, Attitude, Apprehension, Action Expected and Acceptability Amongst Health Care Providers, Medical Students, Para‐Medical and Administration Staff in AIIMS Rajkot
Authors: Soni Sweta , Amin Sarjil , Pundhir Ashish , Ramotra Rohini Krishna 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe study aims to assess awareness, attitude, apprehension, action expected from policy makers, and acceptability towards HPV vaccination amongst health care providers (HCP), medical students, paramedical staff and administrative personnel. A cross‐sectional study was conducted with 501 participants, including HCP, medical students, paramedical and administrative staff. Their awareness, attitudes, apprehensions, actions expected from policymakers, and acceptability towards HPV vaccine were assessed through a Google Form survey. Of the 501 participants, 92.4% were aware of HPV vaccines, 24.6% had a thorough understanding of HPV, but only 5.8% had received the vaccine. Most participants held a positive attitude toward cervical cancer prevention and HPV vaccination, although 46.7% expressed apprehensions. Before viewing educational video, 278 participants (55.8%) were willing to receive the HPV vaccine, while 116 (44.2%) were not. After viewing the educational video, willingness increased to 394 participants (78.6%), and those unwilling decreased to 107 (21.4%). Factors such as age, gender, marital status, education, and professional role did not significantly predict knowledge or apprehension regarding HPV and the HPV vaccine. However, professional role and younger adult (20–39 years) groups were statistically significant predictors of a positive attitude as well as stronger expectations for action from policymakers towards HPV vaccine. The study reveals significant gaps in HPV vaccine awareness and uptake among medical professionals, paramedics, and administrative staff. It highlights the need for broad educational programs to address these knowledge gaps, emphasizing HPV's health impacts and preventive measures. Multimedia educational interventions effectively boost vaccine acceptance among the groups and the general public.
Isolation of Urinary Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) via Hydrophobic Interaction Chromatography Using a Nylon‐6 Capillary‐Channeled Polymer (C‐CP) Fiber Column
Authors: Pons William F. , Marcus R. Kenneth 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTExosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs) ranging in size from 30 to 150 nm, are of significant interest for biomedical applications such as diagnostic testing and therapeutics delivery. Biofluids, including urine, blood, and saliva, contain exosomes that carry biomarkers reflective of their host cells. However, isolation of EVs is often a challenge due to their size range, low density, and high hydrophobicity. Isolations can involve long separation times (ultracentrifugation) or result in impure eluates (size exclusion chromatography, polymer‐based precipitation). As an alternative to these methods, this study evaluates the first use of nylon‐6 capillary‐channeled polymer (C‐CP) fiber columns to separate EVs from human urine via a step‐gradient hydrophobic interaction chromatography method. Different from previous efforts using polyester fiber columns for EV separations, nylon‐6 shows potential for increased isolation efficiency, including somewhat higher column loading capacity and more gentle EV elution solvent strength. The efficacy of this approach to EV separation has been determined by scanning electron and transmission microscopy, nanoparticle flow cytometry (NanoFCM), and Bradford protein assays. Electron microscopy showed isolated vesicles of the expected morphology. Nanoparticle flow cytometry determined particle densities of eluates yielding up to 5 × 108 particles mL−1, a typical distribution of vesicle sizes in the eluate (60–100 nm), and immunoconfirmation using fluorescent anti‐CD81 antibodies. Bradford assays confirmed that protein concentrations in the EV eluate were significantly reduced (approx. sevenfold) from raw urine. Overall, this approach provides a low‐cost and time‐efficient (< 20 min) column separation to yield urinary EVs of the high purities required for downstream applications, including diagnostic testing and therapeutics.
Exploring the Role of Land Utilization, Renewable Energy, and ICT to Counter the Environmental Emission: A Panel Study of Selected G20 and OECD Countries
Authors: Alsaggaf Majid Ibrahim 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the complex connections between land utilization, economic activity, technological development, and carbon emissions will be essential as the world struggles to address climate change and the resulting environmental problems. For empirical analysis, we have used pooled mean group (PMG) and Method of Moment Quantile Regression (MMQR) to precisely capture the details of these relationships across various quantiles. The study uses a balanced panel dataset from 1980 to 2019 that includes 10 emerging nations which are common in G20 and Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), including Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, the United States, and China. The study discovers an environmental Kuznets curve with an inverted U form, highlighting the complex link between economic development and environmental degradation in emerging countries. The study also clarifies how internet use, foreign direct investment, and renewable energy (REN) affect environmental consequences at different quantiles. Moreover, the findings confirm the adverse impact of carbon emission, FDI, and REN on land degradation. The findings have implications for sustainable development policy, highlighting the necessity of customized approaches for the distinct contexts and levels of development of every nation.
Picturing plankton: Complementing net‐based plankton community assessments with optical imaging across diverse marine environments
Authors: Ollevier Anouk , Mortelmans Jonas , Boone Wieter , Deneudt Klaas , De Troch Marleen , Develter Roeland , Goossens Cedric , Meire Lorenz , Möller Klas Ove , Ponsoni Leandro , Hablützel Pascal I. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn recent years, optical imaging has emerged as a promising tool for in situ observations of plankton. In this study, we aimed to compare the plankton community estimates obtained from a Video Plankton Recorder (VPR) imaging device with net‐based approaches. By collecting VPR and net samples in clear waters with large‐sized plankton and eutrophic waters with small‐sized plankton, spatial and temporal patterns in plankton densities and community composition were compared. Furthermore, it allowed the evaluation of the performance of imaging methods under diverse hydrographic conditions. We observed pronounced spatial differences in density estimates. In the eutrophic site, the WP2 net densities consistently surpassed those from a VPR, while in the clear water site the observed densities of the VPR and a MultiNet were more similar. Variations in water column turbidity, plankton body size, plankton nets and their mesh size, and the total sampled water volume were found to likely play a role in the observed inconsistencies between the sampling sites. The results suggested that a VPR is particularly well‐suited for use in clear waters inhabited by large‐sized plankton. The VPR demonstrated potential in enhancing density estimates of fragile (Phaeocystis) and gelatinous taxa (Cnidaria and Ctenophora) in specific environments being non‐invasive. Overall, the VPR and other optical imaging devices show valuable insights into zooplankton ecology and distribution, complementing density estimates of traditional net sampling methods, and enhancing our understanding of the role of zooplankton in marine ecosystems.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, the Endocannabinoid System, and Exogenous Cannabinoids: Current State and Clinical Implications
Authors: Denton Travis T. , Carter Gregory T. , Goddard Megan , Weiss Jeremy , Weeks Douglas L. , Weydt Patrick , Russo Ethan B. , Weiss Michael D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTA unifying mechanistic cause for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) remains uncertain. Multiple pathophysiological processes appear to occur simultaneously. Cannabinoids, including delta‐9‐tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), and others found in cannabis, and cannabis extracts (CEs), appear to have activity in these pathogenic pathways, which have led to increasing interest in cannabinoids as therapeutic agents for ALS. The use of cannabinoids as a treatment strategy is substantiated by preclinical evidence suggesting a role for the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders. Preclinical data indicate that cannabis and CEs have powerful antioxidative, anti‐inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects in the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS. The use of CEs in SOD1G93A murine models has been shown to prolong neuronal cell survival, which leads to delayed onset of the disease state, and slows progression of the disease. Although research in humans remains limited, a few studies suggest that cannabis and CBD, in humans, provide benefits for both motor symptoms, including rigidity, cramps, and fasciculations, and non‐motor symptoms including sleep quality, pain, emotional state, quality of life, and depression. There remains a need for further, well‐designed clinical trials to validate further the use of an individual cannabinoid, or a combination of cannabinoids, as a disease‐modifying therapy for ALS.
Evaluating Trends in Medicare Reimbursements Between Male and Female Otolaryngologists From 2013 to 2018
Authors: Pittman Corinne A. , Shan Holly D. , Harish Varsha , Rapoport Sarah K. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveGender‐based pay disparities exist in otolaryngology. Determining whether such patterns have been consistently present could help expose whether, and to what extent, gender‐based inequalities exist within our field.Study DesignRetrospective, cross‐sectional analysis of publicly available Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) data for otolaryngologists from 2013 to 2018.SettingA database study.MethodsCMS databases were used to evaluate whether gender differences exist within clinical productivity and reimbursement patterns among otolaryngologists over time, and if so, what those trends have been. Outcomes included the number of unique billing codes and charges submitted per physician (clinical productivity) and physician reimbursements. Results were controlled for geography, levels of clinical productivity, and gender.ResultsMale otolaryngologists consistently submitted more charges for reimbursement (median [interquartile range, IQR], 291,539 [154,380‐503,932] vs 196,029 [94,849‐337,224]) and a greater number of unique billing codes (median [IQR], 52.0 [34.0‐72.0] vs 41.0 [27.0‐59.0]) than female otolaryngologists. Male otolaryngologists received greater reimbursements than female otolaryngologists (median [IQR], $114,390 [$61,732‐$184,209] vs $72,679 [$34,855‐$122,473]). Contrast ratios of estimated marginal means for reimbursements between male and female otolaryngologists demonstrated that 75% to 81% (P < .0001) of the estimated payment for physician services were received by male otolaryngologists.ConclusionThere appears to be a consistent, general trend that the female gender is associated with decreased clinical productivity and lower CMS payments among otolaryngologists. These disparities persist even among highly productive female otolaryngologists. To better address gender pay disparities within otolaryngology, billing patterns among female otolaryngologists should be more closely assessed to help optimize reimbursement patterns for equivalent services provided by male otolaryngologists.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Redefining phenotypic intratumor heterogeneity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: a bottom‐up approach
Authors: Hilmi Marc , Delecourt Flore , Raffenne Jérôme , Bourega Taib , Dusetti Nelson , Iovanna Juan , Blum Yuna , Richard Magali , Neuzillet Cindy , Couvelard Anne , Tihy Matthieu , de Mestier Louis , Rebours Vinciane , Nicolle Rémy , Cros Jérôme 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor interpatient heterogeneity has been well described with two major prognostic subtypes (classical and basal‐like). An important intrapatient heterogeneity has been reported but has not yet been studied extensively due to the lack of standardized, reproducible, and easily accessible high‐throughput methods. We built an immunohistochemical (IHC) tool capable of differentiating RNA‐defined classical and basal‐like tumors by selecting relevant antibodies using a multistep process. The successive stages of (i) an in silico selection from a literature review and a bulk transcriptome analysis of 309 PDACs, (ii) a tumor‐specific selection from 30 patient‐derived xenografts and single‐cell data, followed by (iii) the validation on tissue microarrays in 50 PDAC were conducted. We used our final IHC panel on two independent cohorts of resected PDAC (n = 95, whole‐slide, n = 148, tissue microarrays) for external validation. After digitization and registration of pathology slides, we performed a tile‐based analysis in tumor areas to identify relevant marker combinations. Sequential marker selection led to the following panel: GATA6, CLDN18, TFF1, MUC16, S100A2, KRT17, PanBasal. Four different phenotypes were identified: one classical, one intermediate (KRT17+), and two basal‐like (MUC16+ versus S100A2+) with specific biological properties. The presence of a minor basal contingent drastically reduced overall survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.90, p = 0.03], even in classical predominant PDACs. Analysis of preneoplastic lesions suggested that pancreatic carcinogenesis might follow a progressive evolution from classical toward a basal through an early intermediate phenotype. In conclusion, our IHC panel redefined and easily assessed the high degree of intra‐ and intertumoral heterogeneity of PDAC. © 2025 The Author(s). The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.