bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Eco-friendliness and Analytical Efficiency: Simultaneous Determination of Bambuterol HCl and Montelukast Sodium in Tablet Dosage via RP-HPLC, with a Dissolution Profile Analysis
Authors: Ibrahim Manal , Ramadan Nesrin K. , Ibrahim Magda M. , Boltia Shereen A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A straightforward, environmentally friendly, and precise isocratic RP-HPLC technique was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of bambuterol hydrochloride (BBL) and montelukast sodium (MTK). An Agilent chromatograph equipped with an Inertsil C18 column (250 × 4.6 mm, 5 µm) was utilized, and chromatographic separation was achieved using a mobile phase comprising ethanol and 0.025 M phosphate buffer at pH 3.0 in a 70:30 v/v ratio. The method, adhering to ICH requirements, was validated for linearity ranges of 1.00–100.00 µg/mL and 2.00–100.00 µg/mL for BBL and MTK, respectively. The validated method was successfully applied to quantify BBL and MTK in a pharmaceutical tablet dosage form, with mean recovery percentages of 100.92 ± 1.08 and 99.39 ± 1.41, respectively, indicating satisfactory accuracy. Dissolution patterns of the pharmaceutical tablet dosage form were studied in a 900 mL 0.5% sodium lauryl sulfate dissolution medium. Various assessment tools, including Analytical Eco-scale, GAPI, AGREE, RGB 12, and the green-specific model D-CHEMS-1, were employed to evaluate the health and safety hazards of the developed methods. The RP-HPLC method demonstrated sustainability, greenness, simplicity, and effectiveness, successfully determining both drugs in their dosage form and dissolution media.
Accelerating the Fast Hadamard Single-Pixel Imaging (FHSI) on GPUs: Techniques and Optimizations
Authors: Quero Carlos Osorio , Durini Daniel , Rangel-Magdaleno Jose , Ramos-Garcia Ruben , Martinez-Carranza Jose 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The recent advancements in edge computing power are primarily attributable to technological innovations enabling accelerators with extensive hardware parallelism. One practical application is in computer imaging (CI), where GPU acceleration is pivotal, especially in reconstructing 2D images through techniques like Single-Pixel Imaging (SPI). In SPI, compressive sensing (CS) algorithms, deep learning, and Fourier transformation are essential for 2D image reconstruction. These algorithms derive substantial performance enhancements through parallelism, thereby reducing processing times. These techniques fully utilize the potential of the GPU by implementing several strategies. These include optimizing memory accessed, expanding loops for efficiency, designing effective computational kernels to reduce the number of operations, using asynchronous operations for better performance, and increasing the number of actively running threads and warps. In lab scenarios, integrating embedded GPUs becomes essential for algorithmic optimization on SoC-GPUs. This study focuses on quickly improving the Fast Hadamard Single-Pixel Imaging (FHSI) for 2D image reconstruction on Nvidia's Xavier platform. By implementing various parallel computing techniques in PyCUDA, we managed to speed up the process by approximately 10 times, significantly reducing processing times to nearly real-time levels.
Mecanum Crank: Improvement on the Design of a Crank Leg for Climbing a Step
Authors: Noda Satsuya , Shuto Yoshimura , Haruki Kunii 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

To realize rough-terrain vehicles with omi-directional motion, the authors have developed the ''Mecanum crank,'' which consists of Mecanum wheels and ''crank wheels.''. To improve the rough-terrain locomotion of the Mecanum crank, this paper describes a design method for the crank legs that enhances the climbable step height. To improve the climbable step height, we focus on four dominant physical phenomena(jamming, hooking of crank legs, slippage of wheels, and tumbling). Because the climbable step height increases as the vehicle size increases, this paper discusses the maximum climbable step height within the size limitation. The experimental results for step climbing reveal that the proposed method increases the climbable step height from 95% to 160% of the Mecanum wheel diameter. Moreover, we verify that the proposed method does not decrease the feasibility of stair climbing and horizontal-gap traversing.
Voltammetric determination of Aflatoxin B1 using a bismuth layer-gold nanoparticles modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Franco-Guzmán Miriam , Castañeda-Ovando Araceli , Mendoza-Huizar Luis Humberto , Chávez-Flores Benito , Hernández-León Sergio , Rebolledo-Perales Luz Elena , Álvarez-Romero Giaan Arturo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This work describes the development of an electroanalytical methodology for the direct determination of Aflatoxin B1 using a surface-modified vitreous carbon electrode with a bismuth film and gold nanoparticles. Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the electrochemical behavior of Aflatoxin B1 on the working electrode. A well-defined cathodic wave was observed in the voltammogram which is associated with the direct reduction of Aflatoxin B1, so this signal was selected as the analytical response. To maximize this response, Square Wave Voltammetry was selected as the quantitative technique; then, pulse frequency, pulse amplitude, and potential step were optimized using a Box-Behnken surface design. A calibration curve was constructed in an interval of concentrations from 1 to 200 ngL− 1 with different Aflatoxin B1 standards; with the proper statistical analysis, it was found a linear range of 37.31 to 100 ngL− 1, with a limit of detection of 5.71 ng L− 1, and a sensitivity of 0.033 µA ngL− 1. A relative standard deviation percentage of 4.28 was obtained in the repeatability study. Finally, the proposed methodology was successfully used to analyze commercial milk samples.
Learning a Photorealism Score for 2D Images Extracted from a Railway Driving 3D Simulator
Authors: Ladret Patricia , Muzeau Julien , Caplier Alice , Faure-Vincent Denis 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

3D modeling consists in describing objects thanks to a cloud of points in the three-dimensional space. It is ubiquitous nowadays and employed in many different fields such as video games, animation movies, architecture or medical applications. Subsequently, 2D images are retrieved from such 3D models through a process called 3D rendering. Recent hardware and software developments allow to approximate the real-world physics in an ever more precise manner. However, the question of the photorealism of such images remains. In this paper, we investigate in particular the photorealism of images extracted from 3D railway driving simulators. Two contributions are detailed in this article. First, we propose a CNN-based method designed to associate a photorealism score to any simulated image. It specifically quantizes the perceptual difference between computer-generated railroad images and natural ones. The second and main contribution of this work consists in the conception and implementation of a subjective experiment conducted so as to perceptually validate the aforementioned score. Human annotators are asked to specify which of two displayed images is more photorealistic, repeated over several pairs of images. After analysing the results, we conclude that a 96\% correlation exists between the proposed photorealism score and human visual perception.
Capnometry for Physiological Closed-Loop Ventilation in Neonates: Estimating PaCO2 from etCO2
Authors: Grüne Mike , Olivier Lena , Pfannschmidt Valerie , Hütten Matthias , Orlikowsky Thorsten , Stollenwerk Andre , Schoberer Mark 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: In mechanically ventilated neonates, the arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) is an important indicator for the adequacy of ventilation settings. The automated control of PaCO2 allows for an improved patient care, while relieving the medical staﬀ. An accurate, reliable, and continuous estimation of PaCO2 is required for this automation. We aim to present a non-invasive estimation method for PaCO2 in neonates on the basis of end-tidal CO2 (etCO2). The estimation method should be accurate enough for use in an automated PaCO2 control.
Methods: Data from 51 preterm lambs is used, due to its high comparability to preterm human data. We utilize robust linear regression on 863 PaCO2 measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the ﬁrst day of life. etCO2 along with a set of ventilation settings and measurements as well as vital parameters are included in the regression. Included independent variables are chosen iteratively by highest pearson correlation to the remaining estimation deviation.
Results: The evaluation is carried out on 12 additional neonatal lambs with 246 PaCO2 measurements below or equal to 75 mmHg from the ﬁrst two days of life. The estimation method shows a mean absolute error of 3.80 mmHg with a 4.92 mmHg standard deviation of diﬀerences and a standard error of 0.31 mmHg.
Conclusions: The proposed estimation method lowered the mean absolute error in the evaluation population by 1.35 mmHg in comparison to unaltered etCO2. The usage for ventilation automation in neonates needs further investigation.
Family Caregiving Experiences of Medical School Faculty: High prevalence, high strain, and low resource awareness
Authors: Skarupski Kimberly A. , Roth David L , Durso Samuel C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Adult caregiving can be demanding and stressful, especially when the caregiver is employed. As the age of the U.S. population and workforce increases, more adults are providing care to aging family members.
Objective: To understand the prevalence and aspects of caregiving experience and caregiving strain among department of medicine faculty members, and to gauge their awareness and utilization of caregiving resources.
Design: We used a cross-sectional survey design. A questionnaire survey was developed and launched in Redcap in October, 2022, and an invitation was emailed followed by two reminders to all full-time and part-time faculty members (N=1,053) in our department of medicine. Adjunct, emeritus and faculty with secondary appointments in the department of medicine were excluded.
Main Measures: Faculty demographics, caregiver status, caregiving details, degree of mental or emotional strain, and knowledge of and use of employer and external caregiver resources.
Key results: Of the 1,053 faculty members who received up to three email survey invitations, 209 (20%) responded of which 76 (36%) were current caregivers, 16 (8%) were recent caregivers, and 117 (56%) were non-caregivers. Among the 76 current caregivers, 53 (70%) reported providing care for parents or parent-in-laws and 9 (12%) reported caring for a spouse. One third of current and recent caregivers reported care for individuals with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia/memory problems. Over 90% of current or recent caregivers reported some or a lot of caregiving strain. A wide variation in knowledge of and use of employer and external caregiver resources was reported.
Conclusions: Department of medicine faculty who provide adult caregiving report a high prevalence of strain and wide variation in knowledge of and use of employer and external caregiver support services, suggesting opportunity to better understand where gaps exist in providing support for caregivers.
Emergent (2+1)D topological orders from iterative (1+1)D gauging
Authors: Rubio Jose Garre 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Gauging introduces gauge fields in order to localize an existing global symmetry, resulting in a dual global symmetry on the gauge fields that can be gauged again. By iterating the gauging process on spin chains with Abelian group symmetries and arranging the gauge fields in a 2D lattice, the local symmetries become the stabilizer of the $XZZX$-code for any Abelian group. By twisting the gauging map we obtain new codes that explicitly confine anyons, which violate an odd number of plaquette terms and whose fusion results in mobile dipole excitations. Our construction naturally realizes any gapped boundary by taking different quantum phases of the initial (1+1)D globally symmetric system. Our method establishes a new route to obtain higher dimensional topological codes from lower ones, to identify their gapped boundaries and their tensor network representations.
Case Report: Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis Among School Children in a Mountainous Community
Authors: Baladad Mark Ericson B. , Padua Dawn Kimberly L. , Sumaya Jose Enrico M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This case report utilized the primary data gathered from the extension program of the LORMA College of Medical Laboratory Science at the institution’s adopted locale. Arosip is a secluded, difficult-to-reach mountainous barangay in the municipality of Bacnotan, in the province of La Union, Philippines. The study subjects were forty-one (41) kindergarten to grade three students of Arosip Elementary School. Modified Kato-Katz technique was performed to the submitted stool samples. Among 41 participants, nine were screened positive for the helminthic ova of Ascaris lumbricoides, and Trichuris trichiura – yielding a total of 21.95% prevalence rate. Among those 9 participants, 6 (66.67%) were positive for Ascaris lumbricoides ova, and 3 (33.33%) were co-infected with both Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura ova. The findings were relayed and reported to the local government unit. The team recommends for a more comprehensive screening and monitoring of STH cases in the locale, a continuous stewardship of health programs including mass-deworming for the school children and awareness campaigns, and provision of health resources. Ultimately, interagency collaboration between the Department of Health, Department Education, and Local Government Unit remains highly warranted to satisfy the health inequities experienced by this disadvantaged remote community.
Bridge crack segmentation and measurement based on SOLOv2 segmentation model
Authors: Ding Haiping , Wu Songying 
Published: May 2024

With the continuous increase of vehicular traffic, the safety caused by bridge crack damage is becoming increasingly prominent. Bridge crack analysis and measurement are of great significance for promoting road traffic safety. However, existing bridge crack image segmentation methods have shortcomings in processing image detail features, resulting in the inability to better measure the actual size of bridge cracks. Therefore, to further optimize the calculation method, a bridge crack image segmentation method based on improved SOLOv2 is designed to achieve more accurate bridge image segmentation. Based on the image segmentation results and combined with the skeleton data extraction method, a bridge crack calculation method is designed. From the results, the segmentation accuracy for crack images was 92.05 % and 93.57 %, respectively. The average mIoU of AM-SOLOv2 method was 0.75, significantly lower than commonly used crack image segmentation methods. In addition, the mIoU value variation amplitude of the AM-SOLOv2 method was relatively smaller. The crack length and width errors were within 0.05 mm and 0.06 mm, significantly lower than the comparison method. It indicates that this method can achieve more accurate crack image segmentation and calculation. This is beneficial for a deeper understanding of the performance degradation and crack damage evolution of bridge structures, thereby improving bridge design and construction technology.
A combination approach for optimization operation of multi-objective cascade reservoir systems (Case study: Karun reservoirs)
Authors: Khoramipoor Zahra , Farzin Saeed 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Multi-reservoir systems that have diverse and conflicting objectives are challenging to design due to their uncertainties, non-linearities, dimensions and conflicts. The operation of multi-reservoir systems is crucial to increasing hydropower production. In this study, we have investigated the application and effectiveness of the new optimization algorithm MOAHA in multi-objective cascade reservoirs with conflicting objectives, and it has been investigated on a case-by-case basis on Karun cascade reservoirs (Karun 3, Karun 1, Masjed Soleyman and Gotvand). The suggested method (MOAHA) output with other optimization algorithms, MOALO, MOGWO and NSGA-II, were compared and evaluation criteria were used to select the best performance. Additionally, we employed the powerful TOPSIS method to determine the most suitable algorithm. The considered restrictions have also been observed. The results indicate that MOAHA's proposed method is better than the compared algorithms in solving optimal reservoir utilization problems in multi-reservoir water resource systems. The reduction of evaporation (losses) from the tank surface by 9% is accompanied by a 15% increase in hydropower energy production. MOAHA, scoring 0.90, is deemed the best algorithm in this study, whereas MOGWO, with a score of 0.10, is regarded as the least effective algorithm.
Uncovering sea level patterns in Caspian Sea altimetry data
Authors: A. Ardalan Alireza , Hashemifaraz Asiyeh 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
This study introduces a technique to uncover concealed patterns in satellite altimetry data, reflecting sea level variations in inland water bodies. We applied the methodology to the Caspian Sea, using altimetry data from four satellite missions over 27 years (1993–2020): TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason1, Jason2, and Jason3. The approach involves two steps: estimating sea level trends and identifying breakpoints that indicate trend shifts; and leveraging time lags between breakpoints at various locations to classify water drainage areas according to their degree of influence on each period. By revealing concealed patterns in the altimetry data, this technique can provide insights to understand the impacts of global warming and local climate changes on sea level fluctuations in the Caspian Sea. We hope that our study can facilitate subsequent interdisciplinary research on the intricate interplay between climate change and hydrological processes in inland water bodies.
Recent progresses in synthesis and modification of g-C3N4 for improving visible-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of antibiotics
Authors: John Kingsley Igenepo , Ho Goen , Li Dan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is a widely studied visible-light-active photocatalyst for low cost, non-toxicity, and facile synthesis. Nonetheless, its photocatalytic efficiency is below par, due to fast recombination of charge carriers, low surface area, and insufficient visible light absorption. Thus, the research on the modification of g-C3N4 targeting at enhanced photocatalytic performance has attracted extensive interest. A considerable amount of review articles have been published on the modification of g-C3N4 for applications. However, limited effort has been specially contributed to providing an overview and comparison on available modification strategies for improved photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4-based catalysts in antibiotics removal. There has been no attempt on the comparison of photocatalytic performances in antibiotics removal between modified g-C3N4 and other known catalysts. To address these, our study reviewed strategies that have been reported to modify g-C3N4, including metal/non-metal doping, defect tuning, structural engineering, heterostructure formation, etc. as well as compared their performances for antibiotics removal. The heterostructure formation was the most widely studied and promising route to modify g-C3N4 with superior activity. As compared to other known photocatalysts, the heterojunction g-C3N4 showed competitive performances in degradation of selected antibiotics. Related mechanisms were discussed, and finally, we revealed current challenges in practical application.
Ways of Upgrading Macro-Economic Stimulation of Labour Productivity in View of Neo-Keynesian Economic Theory
Authors: Gerasev I. A. 
Published: May 2024

The article analyzed the experience of economic system functioning in view of researching trends acute for resolving problems of labour productivity in Russia. The research goal is to find ways of optimizing economic policy of labour productivity stimulation. The author conducted theoretical research in raising labour productivity within the frames of neo-Keynesian theory and studied retrospective ideas concerning this problem in the previous classical economic theory. The research showed the emergence of ideas dealing with the role of labour in value creation, macro-economic balance between investment and remuneration in labour productivity. The author identified in theory and proved in practice the importance of raising labour productivity as a factor of economic growth. Based on empiric research results of economic policy were analyzed in certain fields, such as wages, investment macro-economic policy and technological policy of state. By using post-soviet economy of Russia as an example the author proved key economic theses about trends of economic policy necessary for stimulating labour productivity. The importance of macro-economic regulation and innovation was highlighted in view of foreign-economic sanctions and trade restrictions. Findings of the research demonstrate key trends needed to resolve the problem of raising labour productivity and put forward steps necessary to reach positive results.
Depletion of SLC7A11 Sensitizes Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells to
Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Yang Fan , Gong Hongxun , Chen Shiyan , Li Jianzhong , Huang Ning , Wang Maoxin 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Radiotherapy is the primary treatment choice for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
(NPC). However, its efficacy is compromised due to radioresistance. Ferroptosis, a novel
iron-dependent regulated cell death induced by Ionizing Radiation (IR), plays a role in promoting
cancer cell death. Yet, the relationship between enhanced ferroptosis and increased sensitivity of
NPC cells to IR remains poorly understood.

Objective:
This study aimed to explore the association between IR and ferroptosis in NPC, as well
as the role of the ferroptosis repressor SLC7A11 in IR-treated NPC cells.

Methods:
CNE1 and HNE-2 NPC cells were subjected to IR treatment. We performed qPCR and
western blotting to evaluate the expression of ferroptosis-related genes in both control and IR-treated
NPC cells. Additionally, we used the MTT assay to measure the viability of these NPC cells.
JC-1 and DCFH-DA staining were employed to assess mitochondrial membrane potential and Reactive
Oxygen Species (ROS) levels in both control and IR-treated NPC cells. Furthermore, we examined
the levels of Fe2+, Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced Glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione
(GSSG) in these cells. Moreover, we depleted SLC7A11 in IR-treated NPC cells to investigate
its impact on the ferroptosis of these cells.

Results:
IR upregulated the expression of ferroptosis-related genes, including SLC7A11, ACSL4,
COX2, FTH1, and GPX4, in CNE1 and HNE-2 cells. IR treatment also resulted in decreased cell
viability, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, increased ROS levels, altered glutathione
levels, and elevated Fe2+ levels. Knockdown of SLC7A11 enhanced the sensitivity of NPC cells to
IR.

Conclusion:
IR may induce ferroptosis in NPC cells, and stimulating ferroptosis could potentially
serve as a therapeutic strategy to enhance the efficacy of IR in treating NPC patients.