bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of the aortic dissection detection risk score alone or with D-dimer for acute aortic syndromes: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ren Sa , Essat Munira , Pandor Abdullah , Goodacre Steve , Ren Shijie , Clowes Mark , Bima Paolo , Toyofuku Mamoru , McLatchie Rachel , Bossone Eduardo 
Published: June 2024

Objectives
To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the aortic dissection detection risk score (ADD-RS) used alone or in combination with D-dimer for detecting acute aortic syndrome (AAS) in patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of AAS.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from inception to February 2024. Additionally, the reference lists of included studies and other systematic reviews were thoroughly searched. All diagnostic accuracy studies that assessed the use of ADD-RS alone or with D-Dimer for diagnosing AAS compared with a reference standard test (e.g. computer tomographic angiography (CTA), ECG-gated CTA, echocardiography, magnetic resonance angiography, operation, or autopsy) were included. Two reviewers independently selected and extracted data. Risk of bias was appraised using QUADAS-2 tool. Data were synthesised using hierarchical meta-analysis models.

Results
We selected 13 studies from the 2017 citations identified, including six studies evaluating combinations of ADD-RS alongside D-dimer>500ng/L. Summary sensitivities and specificities (95% credible interval) were: ADD-RS>0 94.6% (90%, 97.5%) and 34.7% (20.7%, 51.2%), ADD-RS>1 43.4% (31.2%, 57.1%) and 89.3% (80.4%, 94.8%); ADD RS>0 or D-Dimer>500ng/L 99.8% (98.7%, 100%) and 21.8% (12.1%, 32.6%); ADD RS>1 or D-Dimer>500ng/L 98.3% (94.9%, 99.5%) and 51.4% (38.7%, 64.1%); ADD RS>1 or ADD RS = 1 with D-dimer>500ng/L 93.1% (87.1%, 96.3%) and 67.1% (54.4%, 77.7%).

Conclusions
Combinations of ADD-RS and D-dimer can be used to select patients with suspected AAS for imaging with a range of trade-offs between sensitivity (93.1% to 99.8%) and specificity (21.8% to 67.1%).
Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Krawczyk Karolina , Kwak Angelika , Kujalowicz Christopher , Truszkowska Karolina , Biank Vincent , Kamberos Natalie 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Pancreatitis is an inflammatory pancreatic disease; common etiologies include infection, anatomic abnormalities, biliary, inborn errors of metabolism, trauma, and rarely malignancy. Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma commonly presents in younger women with principally mediastinal involvement. We report the first documented case of a pediatric patient presenting with acute pancreatitis secondary to metastatic primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma. Since diagnosis, the patient underwent a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy treatments, and the tumor burden had decreased significantly. Malignancy is a rare documented presentation of acute pancreatitis in the pediatric population, and it should be included in a broad differential diagnosis.
Spontaneous Subdiaphragmatic Hemorrhage From an Aneurysm of Inferior Phrenic Artery
Authors: Pulivarthi Venkata Siva Krishna Kumar , Katamreddy Yamini , Vulasala Sai Swarupa , Onteddu Jayabharath , Mandyam Saikiran , Onteddu Nirmal 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Inferior phrenic artery (IPA) aneurysms are the rarest type of visceral aneurysms. It usually occurs secondary to trauma, surgery, or as a complication of pancreatitis. In addition, it can be a manifestation of underlying systemic pathology such as vasculitis, collagen vascular disorders, sepsis, or segmental arterial mediolysis. It can be associated with hypertension in 43% of cases. The presentation of IPA aneurysm is nonspecific with abdominal pain, melena, hematochezia, and anemia. The ruptured and actively bleeding aneurysm can lead to hemorrhagic shock, and immediate management is required with angiography and endovascular embolization with coil or gel foam or stent etc. Inaccessible locations are reached with surgical intervention, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality. We here report a rare case of spontaneously ruptured IPA pseudoaneurysm extending from the posterior mediastinum to the subdiaphragmatic area and managed with coil and gel foam embolization.
A DNA barcode inventory of the genus Ulva (Chlorophyta) along two Italian regions: updates and considerations
Authors: Armeli Minicante Simona , Melton James T. , Spagnuolo Damiano , Manghisi Antonio , Genovese Giuseppa , Morabito Marina , Lopez-Bautista Juan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The genus Ulva Linnaeus 1753 is well known for its global distribution and containing many taxonomically debated species. Their morphological plasticity and cryptic nature overrepresent and underrepresent, respectively, the biodiversity of these species. The difficulty in morphologically identifying Ulva species has led to the accumulation of many species names that are currently considered synonyms. The correct identification of these species is crucial due to their significant role in marine ecosystems and mariculture. In the last 30 years, several checklists and taxonomic contributions have been made from the Italian coast on Ulva species, almost entirely based on morphological studies and only a few papers with molecular data have been published. In this study, samples deposited at the Institute of Marine Sciences (ISMAR) and Phycological Lab (PHL) herbaria have been reviewed by sequencing the chloroplast-encoded elongation factor Tu (tufA) barcode marker. The results obtained provide an update of the DNA barcode inventory of Ulva species for the Lagoon of Venice and the Strait of Messina, two ecosystems characterized by a high algal biogeographical diversity and continuous introduction due to anthropogenic activities. Here, ten Ulva species were identified based on molecular data. Furthermore, we record the presence of Ulva chaugulei on the coast of Tunisia.
Diffusion law of sulfate ions in coral aggregate seawater concrete in the marine environment
Authors: Shi Hao , Wu Qing , Yin RongRong , Akbar Muhammad , Yang Ning , Mo Jianbing , Yang Jianming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
To investigate the diffusion of sulfate ions in coral seawater concrete under the mechanism of the wetting–drying cycle of sulfate solution, the concentration of sulfate ions in coral concrete at different depths under different cycling cycles was tested in this experiment. Finite-element numerical simulations were then carried out using COMSOL software. The results showed that the sulfate ion concentration in the concrete at the same depth increased steadily with time, and the erosion depth also increased. The numerical simulations successfully reproduced the diffusion of sulfate ions in coral seawater concrete under the mechanism of the wetting–drying cycle of sulfate solutions.
Another hybrid conjugate gradient method as a convex combination of WYL and CD methods
Authors: Guefassa Imane , Chaib Yacine , Bechouat Tahar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Conjugate gradient (CG) methods are a popular class of iterative methods for solving linear systems of equations and nonlinear optimization problems.
In this paper, a new hybrid conjugate gradient (CG) method is presented and analyzed for solving unconstrained optimization problems, where the parameter

β
k

\beta_{k}

is a convex combination of

β
k
WYL

\beta_{k}^{\mathrm{WYL}}

and

β
k
CD

\beta_{k}^{\mathrm{CD}}

.
Under the strong Wolfe line search, the new method possesses the sufficient descent condition and the global convergence properties.
The preliminary numerical results show the efficiency of our method in comparison with other CG methods.
Furthermore, the proposed algorithm HWYLCD was extended to solve the problem of a mode function.
Meta-analysis of dietary Bacillus spp. on serum biochemical and antioxidant status and egg quality of laying hens
Authors: Ogbuewu Ifeanyichukwu Princewill , Mabelebele Monnye , Mbajiorgu Christian Anayo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The purpose of the current meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of Bacillus spp. (BS) feed additive in enhancing serum biochemical indices (total protein and cholesterol) and antioxidant enzymes (total antioxidant capacity [TAC], catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GSH-Px], and malondialdehyde [MDA]) status and egg quality (Haugh unit [HU], eggshell thickness [EST], and eggshell strength [ESS]) of laying chickens. Seventeen articles were identified via a systematic search performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus, and results were combined using a variance component model. The results indicate that dietary BS supplementation resulted in higher HU (P < 0.001), EST (P < 0.001), and ESS (P < 0.001) values with evidence of heterogeneity. Furthermore, dietary BS increased total protein (P = 0.008) and GSH-Px (P < 0.001) and reduced the concentrations of CAT (P = 0.018), SOD (P = 0.039) and MDA (P < 0.001) in the serum of laying hens. In contrast, dietary BS did not affect serum cholesterol and TAC in laying chickens. Restricted subgroup analyses showed that the studied moderators (i.e., treatment duration, supplementation level, BS, hen’s age, and hen’s strains) influenced the outcomes of the meta-analysis. Additionally, meta-regression revealed that the studied moderators accounted for most of the sources of variations among the 17 studies utilised for the meta-analysis. In conclusion, dietary BS can be utilised as a nutritional strategy to improve egg quality, serum total proteins, and the serum antioxidant status of laying hens.
Identification and time evolution of thionyl chloride (SOCl2) radiolysis products
Authors: Conrad Jacy K. , Woods Michael E. , Horne Gregory P. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInnovative solutions are needed to reduce the amount of high-level waste generated by used nuclear fuel recycling strategies to support the widespread adoption of sustainable nuclear fission energy technologies. To this end, a new sulfur chloride-based process has been developed to recycle zirconium alloy-based materials, which make up a significant fraction of high-level radioactive waste. To support the continued development of this process, we present new data on the potential reaction pathways over time of the products arising from the gamma and electron beam radiolysis of neat thionyl chloride (SOCl2). Interrogation of the gamma irradiated liquid by Raman spectroscopy provided more conclusive identification of the SOCl2degradation products, specifically sulfur dichloride (SCl2), molecular chlorine (Cl2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), and sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2). In comparison, the high dose rate (∼107 Gy s−1) electron beam irradiations formed significantly more degradation products. For both cobalt-60 gamma and electron beam irradiations, the observed degradation products were found to evolve as a function of time post-irradiation via the same reaction pathways, with indication of a solvent regeneration mechanism. These findings are fortuitous for process development, as such a mechanism would be beneficial for process longevity and cost effectiveness.
Nomogram for predicting 5-year metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease risk: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Lei , Cui Wenxia , Mu Dinghuang , Li Shaoping , Li Nan , Zhou Weihong , Hu Yun 
Published: June 2024

Objective
To create a nomogram-based model to estimate the Chinese population's 5-year risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Methods
We randomly divided 7582 participants into two groups in a 7:3 ratio: one group was assigned to work with the training set, which consisted of 5307 cases, and the other group was assigned to validate the model using 2275 cases. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator model was employed to ascertain the variables with the highest correlation among all potential variables. A logistic model was constructed by incorporating these selected variables, which were subsequently visualized using a nomogram. The discriminatory ability, calibration, and clinical utility of the model were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA).

Results
During the 5-year follow-up, 1034 (13.64%) total participants were newly diagnosed with MASLD. Using eight variables (gender, body mass index, waist, hemoglobin, alanine aminotransferase, uric acid, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein), we built a 5-year MASLD risk prediction model. The nomogram showed an area under the ROC of 0.795 (95% CI: 0.779–0.811) in the training set and 0.785 (95% CI: 0.760–0.810) in the validation set. The calibration curves revealed a 5-year period of agreement between the observed and predicted MASLD risks. DCA curves illustrated the practicality of this nomogram over threshold probability profiles ranging from 5% to 50%.

Conclusion
We created and tested a nomogram to forecast the risk of MASLD prevalence over the next 5 years.
Prediction of Regional Broadband Strong Ground Motions Using a Teleseismic Source Model of the 18 April 2014 Mw 7.3 Papanoa, Mexico, Earthquake
Authors: Mendoza Carlos , Hartzell Stephen , Ramirez-Guzman Leonardo , Martinez-Lopez Rosario 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
To estimate predicted ground motion from a teleseismic slip model, we use a low- and high-frequency hybrid method to simulate the regional, strong ground motions observed following the 18 April 2014 moment magnitude (Mw) 7.3 Papanoa, Mexico, earthquake. To generate the regional ground motion at low frequencies (&lt;1 Hz), a teleseismically derived, finite-fault, kinematic model is used to define the earthquake source, taking into account slip-model variations identified with a parameter sampling approach that considers possible errors in the fault geometry, the hypocenter depth, and the rupture velocity. A 3D crustal model is used to calculate the low-frequency ground motions using a finite-element calculation that includes topography and considers variations in the source model to estimate the uncertainty in the calculations. High frequencies (&gt;1 Hz) are added using a 1D full-wave propagation code that estimates uncertainties by considering multiple random distributions of slip with different spatial correlation lengths. The synthetic, broadband (0.05–10.0 Hz) ground motions are obtained by combining the low- and high-frequency portions match filtered at 1 Hz. These synthetic ground motions are compared with the regional observations using velocity records, peak ground acceleration, and medians of the orientation-independent response spectra of the horizontal components (RotD50) calculated at periods of 0.2, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 s. The results indicate that ground motions estimated at these periods using our hybrid approach based primarily on a teleseismically derived source model are comparable to the values observed for the 2014 Papanoa earthquake at regional distances. The approach could be used to estimate strong-motion spectral levels expected for regions with limited local and regional recordings and could also fill in magnitude or distance gaps in ground-motion prediction relations utilized in the assessment of seismic hazard.
Denoising of Dense Spatial Array Data Using the Curvelet Transform
Authors: Zhang Jia , Langston Charles A. , Yang Hongfeng 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
To remove background noise from seismic data recorded by spatially dense arrays, we have developed a space-based denoising procedure using the discrete curvelet transform. Based on a detailed statistical characterization of noise coefficients through the empirical cumulative distribution function method within a pre-event time window, signal and noise can be separated effectively by nonlinear thresholding. After synthetic test, we applied this method on data from an industry 3D seismic experiment recorded at an array deployed near Utica, Ohio. The denoising results show good waveform consistency with a significantly enhanced signal-to-noise ratio. Our curvelet approach allows a more computationally efficient spatial–temporal localization analysis of seismic data than conventional curvelet techniques by avoiding the assumption of stationary Gaussian-distributed noise and can be implemented as a complement of time-domain wavelet methods with fewer frequency losses after denoising. This new method provides a fast and convenient way to recover signals from noisy recordings with dense 2D arrays, leading to a considerable improvement in data quality compared with conventional Fourier, wavelet, and curvelet methods. The partitioned seismic signals and noise would yield advanced earth structure imaging, small-event detection, ambient noise tomography, and others.
Por que o sarampo voltou ao Brasil após erradicação em 2016? Razões para o regresso do patógeno ao país.
Authors: Lazzaretti Camilla , Ferri Milena Henrique 
Published: June 2024

Introdução: Vacinas são métodos profiláticos, pois conferem imunidade após exposição a determinados antígenos. Tal método pode auxiliar na erradicação de doenças, assim como o Sarampo (SAP) até o ano de 2018. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho é identificar o número de casos atuais de SAP bem como os prováveis motivos do retorno do patógeno ao Brasil. Metodologia: O estudo é uma revisão narrativa da literatura, por meio das bases de dados: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; SciELO; Lilacs; e Pubmed. Os descritores utilizados foram: “vacinas, movimento antivacinação, imunização, cobertura vacinal, recusa da vacina e sarampo”. Resultados: Em 2018 ocorreram 10.330 casos de SAP no país, e em 2019 até o mês de setembro notificou-se 3.729 registros. O principal motivos para o retorno deste patógeno foi a queda da cobertura vacinal, e esta é levada por inúmeras razões: (i) desinformação; (ii) situação sociocultural da população; (iii) condições socioeconômicas; (iv) baixa escolaridade; (v) falhas governamentais de políticas; (vi) imigração de países próximos e questões (vii) questões demográficas. Conclusão: Observa-se a relevância enfatizar para a população a importância da vacinação, por meio de políticas de saúde pública. Desta forma, o Brasil poderá diminuir o número de casos e buscar a certificação de erradicação.
Relationship between Breakfast Habits and Nutritional Status with Learning Achievement in Strada Nawar Bekasi Junior High School Students
Authors: Said Avicenna Muhammad , Latersia Yovicristy , Muniroh Lailatul 
Published: June 2024

Learning achievement is a form of evaluation based on the results obtained in the process of gaining knowledge. Learning achievement can be influenced by various factors, both environmental and health factors, such as breakfast habits and nutritional status. The aim of this research was to analyzed the relationship between breakfast habits and nutritional status with learning achievement in junior high school students. This study was an analytical observational research using a cross-sectional study design. The research was conducted at Strada Nawar Bekasi Junior High School from September to December 2022 with the sample being students from grades VII and VIII. The sample was chosen randomly using proportionate random sampling with a total of 81 students based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data collected include height and weight through anthropometric measurements, interviews breakfast habits using the SQ-FFQ form, and student report cards for the last semester. The data obtained was then tested with SPSS software using Chi-square test analysis. The results showed that there were students with good breakfast habits (77.8%), overnutritional status (40.8%), and good learning achievement (48.1%). From this research, it was found that there was a relationship between breakfast habits (p-value = 0.041) and there was no relationship between nutritional status (p-value = 0.190) with learning achievement. It was concluded that the good of breakfast habits is directly proportional to the student's learning achievement and there is no relationship between nutritional status and student's learning achievement.
Bayesian process mapping for intraoperative decision making in laparoscopic cholecystectomy
Authors: Tranter-Entwistle Isaac , Wilson Bill , Eglinton Tim , Connor Saxon 
Published: June 2024

Aim: Surgeon’s intraoperative decisions significantly impact patient outcomes. In the reconciliation cycle, interoperative decisions are guided by probabilistic reasoning, which is informed by the evolving intraoperative features. This paper aims to compare the utility of a traditional logistic regression (LR) model for critical view of safety (CVS) achievement to Bayesian network (BN) maps using intraoperative features. It hypothesizes that BN mapping better integrates with surgeon heuristics.
Methods: Using prospectively gathered intraoperative data, BN maps were developed and tested to determine their ability to predict critical view of safety achievement. Performance was compared to traditional logistic regression models to consider their utility in practice.
Results: In total, 4,663 patients were identified. Of these patients, 2,837 (61%) presented acutely and 3,122 (67%) were female. CVS was achieved in 4,131 (92%) of patients. In total, four BN were developed. Optimal performance was seen in model 2 with an AUC of 0.879 (0.798-0.960) (P < 0.001). Selecting a cut-off of 0.6 gave an optimized sensitivity of 99% and a specificity of 45% for CVS achievement. In comparison to this, for the combined acute LR model, ROC curve analysis gave an AUC of 0.829 (0.787-0.872 ) (P < 0.001). A cut-off of 75% probability resulted in a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 38% for CVS achievement.
Conclusion: The present study illustrates how BN modeling can map to surgeon decision making to facilitate reasoning in complex environments. Further work is needed to facilitate data capture and implementation. Despite this, they represent a promising avenue for intuitive decision support tools.
Recognition and Categorization of Blood Groups by Machine Learning and Image Processing Method
Authors: Mahmood Mustafa F. 
Published: June 2024

Background. Red blood cells are one of the components of blood. Blood is an important fluid in the human body. Knowing the blood groups is essential in blood transfusion operations, which depend on fixed conditions to avoid fatal errors. The method that is used to determine the blood groups is a traditional method that relies on medical laboratory technicians, as it is subject to human errors.
Objective. This paper aims to design and implement a prototype to detect and classify blood groups to avoid human error in blood group detection. The proposed system employs image processing and machine learning algorithms for blood group detection and classification.
Methods. The system consists of three stages. First, samples were collected from volunteers. Second, images of the samples were captured using a camera. Third, the images were analyzed using two methods: image proces­sing via MATLAB and machine learning algorithms via Orange, for blood group detection and classification.
Results. The accuracy in processing images using the MATLAB program reached 100%, with processing time ranged from 1.5 to 1.6 seconds. Additionally, using machine learning with neural networks in the Orange program, the accuracy was 99.7%, with training times of 13.7 seconds and testing times of 1.2 seconds. Neural networks outperformed other models, as shown in the experimental results. The study concluded that automated blood type detection using image processing and machine learning methods is effective and feasible compared to manual methods. The proposed system outperformed previous studies in terms of accuracy, processing time, training time, and testing time using both methods.
Conclusions. This study underscores the urgent need for precise blood type determination before emergency blood transfusions, which currently relies on manual inspection and is susceptible to human errors. These errors have the potential to endanger lives during blood transfusions. The main goal of the research was to develop an approach that combines image processing and machine learning to accurately classify blood groups.