bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of herbicide effect in maize based on electrical measurements
Authors: Cseresnyés I. , Fekete G. , Végh K. , Székács A. , Mörtl M. , Rajkai K. 
Published: July 2012

Monitoring of herbicide effect in maize based on electrical measurements
The effect of the herbicide acetochlor on root growth was studied by a non-destructive electrical impedance and capacitance method in pot experiments on maize. Acetochlor was applied both as single active ingredient and mixed with safener AD-67 in two dosages. Without safener addition, acetochlor had a permanent inhibiting effect on plant root expansion. The safener AD-67 was capable of providing protective effect against herbicide application. High correlations between root electrical impedance or capacitance and the root dry mass or surface area under our laboratory conditions were confirmed by plant harvest method. Root electrical impedance and capacitance measurements proved to be valid for monitoring the effect of the herbicide influencing root development and for distinguishing plant groups subjected to different stress conditions.
Landsat thermal band efficiency on characterizing mulched soil surface
Authors: Hashemimanesh M. , Matinfar H. , Alavipanah S. , Zehtabian G. 
Published: July 2012

Landsat thermal band efficiency on characterizing mulched soil surface
In order to study petroleum mulch effects on soil, and sand dune fixation, thermal, and reflective bands of Landsat thematic mapper TM and ETM data, and other sources of information including topographic maps, aerial photos, and field work were used. The methodology was comprised of: images processing, statistic analysis, and relationship between thermal and reflective data. The results from image processing show that the behaviour of the Landsat thermal data is completely different from reflective data. The results from colour composite images including thermal bands have shown the capability of thermal bands in reparability of mulched and non-mulched areas. It was generally concluded that selection of TM, ETM thermal band is an important step to evaluate the area covered with petroleum mulch. Ratio mulch index was introduced as a best band combination in order to imagine mulch decomposition.
Influence of temperature on soil water content measured by ECH2O-TE sensors
Authors: Kočárek M. , Kodešová R. 
Published: July 2012

Influence of temperature on soil water content measured by ECH2O-TE sensorsThe aim of this study was to investigate the influence of temperature on water content value measured by ECH2O-TE sensors. The influence of temperature on measured soil water content values was clearly demonstrated. Soil water content values measured during the day apparently oscillated with oscillating soil temperatures. Average daily temperature and soil water content were calculated for selected periods. Regression relationships between deviations of soil temperature and soil water content from their daily average values were evaluated. Correlation between the soil water content and temperature deviations increase with the soil depth due to the lower influence of rainfall and evaporation at the soil surface on measured soil water content values in deeper soil layersegsoil water content oscillation was controlled mostly by oscillating temperature. The guideline values of linear regression equations (R2>0.8) were very similar, close to value 0.002 and the intercept values were equal to zero. The equation for recalculation of measured soil water content values at given temperature to reference soil water content for reference soil temperature, was propozed on the basis of this analysis.
Platelet Rich Plasma Treatment for Chronic Achilles Tendinosis
Authors: Monto Raymond Rocco 
Published: July 2012

Background: Chronic Achilles tendinosis is a relatively common but difficult orthopedic condition to treat. In this study, autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP), a concentrated bioactive blood component rich in cytokines and growth factors, was evaluated to determine its potential long-term efficacy in treating chronic cases of Achilles tendinosis resistant to traditional nonoperative management. Methods: Thirty patients with chronic Achilles tendinosis who did not respond to a minimum of 6 months of traditional nonoperative treatment modalities were treated with a single ultrasound guided injection of PRP. AOFAS scoring was completed for all patients pretreatment and at 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months post-treatment. MRI and/or ultrasound studies were completed for all patients pre-treatment and at 6 months post-treatment. Prior to the PRP treatment all of the patients in this study were considering surgical Achilles repair for their severe symptoms. Results: The average AOFAS score increased from 34 (range, 20 to 60) to 92 (range, 87 to 100) by 3 months after PRP treatment and remained elevated at 88 (range, 76 to 100) at 24 months post-treatment. Pretreatment imaging abnormalities present in the Achilles tendon on MRI and ultrasound studies resolved in 27 of 29 patients at 6 months post-treatment. Clinical success was achieved in 28 of 30 patients. Conclusion: Platelet-rich plasma was used effectively to treat chronic recalcitrant cases of Achilles tendinosis. Level of Evidence: IV, Case Series
CT Measurement of Range of Motion of Ankle and Subtalar Joints following Two Lateral Column Lengthening Procedures
Authors: Beimers Lijkele , Louwerens Jan W. K. , Tuijthof Gabrielle Josephine Maria , Jonges Remmet , Niek van Dijk C.N. , Blankevoort Leendert 
Published: July 2012

Background: Lateral column lengthening (LCL) has become an accepted procedure for the operative treatment of the flexible flatfoot deformity. Hindfoot arthrodesis via a calcaneocuboid distraction arthrodesis (CCDA) has been considered a less favourable surgical option than the anterior open wedge calcaneal distraction osteotomy (ACDO), as CCDA has been associated with reduced hindfoot joint motion postoperatively. The ankle and subtalar joint ranges of motion were measured in patients who underwent an ACDO or CCDA procedure for flatfoot deformity. Methods: CT scanning was performed with the foot in extreme positions in five ACDO and five CCDA patients. A bone segmentation and registration technique for the tibia, talus and calcaneus was applied to the CT images. Finite helical axis (FHA) rotations representing the range of motion of the joints were calculated for the motion between opposite extreme foot positions of the tibia and the calcaneus relative to the talus. Results: The maximum mean FHA rotation of the ankle joint (for extreme dorsiflexion to extreme plantarflexion) after ACDO was 52.2 degrees ± 12.4 degrees and after CCDA 49.0 degrees ± 12.0 degrees. Subtalar joint maximum mean FHA rotation (for extreme eversion to extreme inversion) following ACDO was 22.8 degrees ± 8.6 degrees, and following CCDA 24.4 degrees ± 7.6 degrees. Conclusion: An accurate CT-based technique was used to assess the range of motion of the ankle and subtalar joints following two lateral column lengthening procedures for flatfoot deformity. Comparable results with a considerable amount of variance were found for the range of motion following the ACDO and CCDA procedures. Level of Evidence: III, Comparative Case Series
Radiographic Analysis of the Impact of Internal Fixation and Dressing Choice of Distal Chevron Osteotomy: Randomized Control Trial
Authors: Pentikäinen Ilkka Tapani , Ojala Risto , Ohtonen Pasi , Piippo Jouni , Leppilahti Juhana Ilmari 
Published: July 2012

Background: The aim of this study was to perform prospective, randomized comparison of two surgical techniques (fixation versus no fixation) and two postoperative regimens (soft cast versus elastic band) to determine if the head fragment displaces more or less with either technique. Methods: One hundred consecutive patients were included in the study. The osteotomy was fixed with an absorbable pin in 50 cases and no fixation in the other 50. Half of each group used a soft cast for 6 weeks postoperatively and half had a traditional elastic bandage. Weightbearing radiographs at 6 weeks, 6 months, 1 year, and mean of 7.9 years were evaluated. Results: A larger shift was found when fixation was used 3.9 (SD, 0.8) mm at 6 weeks versus 3.1 (SD, 0.9) mm in the no fixation group ( p < 0.001). The two bandage types had no significant effect to the mean shift. Correction of the mean hallux valgus angle was worse overall when preoperative angles were over 30 degrees ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: There was a statistically higher shift in the fixation group, but the clinical significance of 0.7 mm difference and the type of postoperative bandaging did not influence outcome is questionable. The risk for recurrence of hallux valgus was higher when preoperative angles were over 30 degrees. Level of Evidence: I, Prospective Randomized Trial
Improved Ankle Push-Off Power following Cheilectomy for Hallux Rigidus: A Prospective Gait Analysis Study
Authors: Smith Sheryl M. , Coleman Scott C. , Bacon Stacy A. , Polo Fabian E. , Brodsky James W. 
Published: July 2012

Background: There is limited objective scientific information on the functional effects of cheilectomy. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that cheilectomy for hallux rigidus improves gait by increasing ankle push-off power. Methods: Seventeen patients with symptomatic Stage 1 or Stage 2 hallux rigidus were studied. Pre- and postoperative first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) range of motion and AOFAS hallux scores were recorded. A gait analysis was performed within 4 weeks prior to surgery and repeated at a minimum of 1 year after surgery. Gait analysis was done using a three-dimensional motion capture system and a force platform embedded in a 10-m walkway. Gait velocity sagittal plane ankle range of motion and peak sagittal plane ankle push-off power were analyzed. Results: Following cheilectomy, significant increases were noted for first MTP range of motion and AOFAS hallux score. First MTP motion improved an average of 16.7 degrees, from means of 33.9 degrees preoperatively to 50.6 degrees postoperatively ( p < 0.001). AOFAS hallux score increased from 62 to 81 ( p < 0.007). As demonstrated through gait anaylsis, a significant increase in postoperative peak sagittal plane ankle push-off power from 1.71 ± 0.92 W/kg to 2.05 ± 0.75 W/kg ( p < 0.04). Conclusion: In addition to clinically increased range of motion and improved AOFAS Hallux score, first MTP joint cheilectomy produced objective improvement in gait, as measured by increased peak sagittal-plane ankle push-off power. Level of Evidence: II, Prospective Comparative Study
Peri-Navicular Arthrodesis for the Stage III Müller-Weiss Disease
Authors: Cao Hong-Hui , Tang Kang-Lai , Xu Jian-Zhong 
Published: July 2012

Background: We aimed to report our results of peri-navicular arthrodesis with autologous iliac bone graft for Stage III Müller-Weiss disease. Methods: Nine cases of Stage III Müller-Weiss disease according to the Maceira classification (four male and five female) with average age of 48.2 (range, 41 to 58) years, had mild or severe midfoot pain with the longitudinal arch collapse. The patients, all of whom had failed conservative treatment for more than 6 months, underwent peri-navicular arthrodesis. All patients were followed up at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and then every 6 months with AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores and radiographic measurements. Mean followup time for radiological and clinical evaluation was 22.4 (rangem 12 to 52) months. Results: All patients were satisfied with their clinical results without pain 12 months after surgery. The mean AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scores improved from 40.1 ± 8.3 preoperatively to 90.9 ± 2.1 at the last followup ( p < 0.05). A solid fusion was found in all cases at 3 months after surgery by radiographic and clinical evaluation. The average longitudinal arch height increased from 46.1 ± 2.1 mm preoperatively to 53.5 ± 2.3 mm at the last followup ( p < 0.05) on the lateral weightbearing radiograph. Conclusion: The peri-navicular arthrodesis with autologous iliac bone graft resulted in a good outcome for Stage III Müller-Weiss disease with good clinical outcomes, high fusion rate, and obvious improvement of the longitudinal arch height. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Case Series
Insertional Achilles Tendinitis and Haglund's Deformity
Authors: Kang Steve , Thordarson David B. , Charlton Timothy P. 
Published: July 2012

Background: Haglund's deformity is an enlargement of the posterosuperior prominence of the calcaneus, which is frequently associated with insertional Achilles tendinitis. To our knowledge, no study has been done successfully correlating the characteristics of a Haglund's deformity with insertional Achilles tendinitis. The purpose of our study was to analyze the characteristics of a Haglund's deformity in patients with and without insertional Achilles tendinitis to see if there was a correlation. Methods: The study was a retrospective radiographic review of a single surgeon's patients with insertional Achilles tendinitis from 2005 to 2008. Our study population consisted of 44 patients, 48 heels (22 male, 22 female) with insertional Achilles tendinitis, with a mean age of 52 (range, 23 to 79) years. Our control population consisted of 50 patients (25 males, 25 females) and 50 heels without insertional Achilles tendinitis with a mean age of 55.6 (range, 18 to 89) years. We introduced two new measurements of the Haglund's deformity in this study: the Haglund's deformity height and peak angle. A standing lateral foot or ankle radiograph was analyzed for each patient and the following measurements were made: Haglund deformity height and peak angle; Bohler's angle; Fowler-Philip angle; and parallel pitch sign. We also looked for the presence of calcification in the study group and the length and width of the calcification. Unpaired t-test was used to analyze the measurements between the groups. Ten patients’ radiographs were re-measured and correlation coefficients were obtained to assess the reliability of the measuring techniques. Results: For the insertional Achilles tendinitis group, the mean Haglund's deformity height was 9.6 (range, 5.3 to 15.3) mm and the mean Haglund's deformity peak angle was 105 (range, 87 to 123) degrees. Calcification was present in 35 of 48 or (73%) of patients with a mean length of 13.3 (range, 3.2 to 41.9) mm and mean width of 4.5 (range, 1.0 to 10.4) mm. In the control group, the mean Haglund's deformity height was 9.0 (range, 5.2 to 12.1) mm and the peak angle was 105 (range, 91 to 124) degrees. Bohler's angle and Fowler-Philip angle were also similar between the groups and the positive parallel pitch sign was actually more prevalent in the control group (60% versus 41.7%). None of the differences in measurements between the groups achieved statistical significance. Conclusion: A Haglund's deformity was not indicative of insertional Achilles tendinitis and was present in asymptomatic patients. Also, a majority of the insertional Achilles tendinitis patients had calcification at the tendon insertion. We believe it is possible removing the Haglund's deformity may not be necessary in the operative treatment of insertional Achilles tendinitis. Level of Evidence: III, Retrospective Comparative Study
Les marchés à deux versants dans l'industrie des jeux vidéo
Authors: Davidovici-Nora Myriam , Bourreau Marc 
Published: July 2012

Résumé L’industrie des jeux vidéo présente les caractéristiques d’un marché à deux versants : des plateformes de jeux se font concurrence pour attirer joueurs et éditeurs de jeux, et pour un joueur (respectivement, un éditeur) une plateforme est d’autant plus intéressante qu’elle accueille un grand nombre d’éditeurs (respectivement, de joueurs). En utilisant la littérature économique sur les marchés à deux versants appliquée aux jeux vidéo, nous analysons les conséquences de cette forme particulière de marché sur les stratégies tarifaires et non-tarifaires des plateformes de jeux.
De la protection de la nature au développement durable : Genèse d'un oxymore éthique et politique
Authors: Bergandi Donato , Blandin Patrick 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Le concept de développement durable s’enracine dans l’histoire des mouvements de préservation de la nature et de conservation des ressources naturelles et de leurs relations avec les sciences de la nature, en particulier l’écologie. En tant que paradigme sociétal, à la fois écologique, politique et économique, il se présente comme un projet politique idéal applicable à l’ensemble des sociétés, qui prétend dépasser l’opposition entre ces deux visions profondément divergentes des relations homme-nature. L’analyse des textes internationaux pertinents permet de dégager les principes fondamentaux, interdépendants, qui structurent ce paradigme : démocratie effective, soutenabilité sociale et respect de la capacité de renouvellement des systèmes écologiques. En dépit de concessions formelles aux préservationnistes, avec l’affirmation de la valeur intrinsèque de la biodiversité, le développement durable est explicitement anthropocentré et se situe dans la filiation directe du conservationnisme. Parce que ses principes fondamentaux ne sont pas mis en œuvre de façon intégrée, son évocation rituelle ne réussit pas à cacher ses contradictions profondes, éthiques et politiques, lesquelles l’obligeront à rester dans le champ de l’utopie.
Transnational Corporate Social Responsibility: A Tri-Dimensional Approach to International CSR Research
Authors: Arthaud-Day Marne L. 
Published: July 2012

Abstract:Comparatively few studies have analyzed the social behavior of multinational corporations (MNCs) at a cross-national level. To address this gap in the literature, we propose a “transnational” model of corporate social responsibility (CSR) that permits identification of universal domains, yet incorporates the flexibility and adaptability demanded by international research. The model is tri-dimensional in that it juxtaposes: 1) Bartlett and Ghoshal’s (1998, 2000) typology of MNC strategies (multinational, global, “international,” and transnational); 2) the three conceptual domains of CSR (human rights, labor, and the environment) proposed by the UN Global Compact (Compact 2003); and 3) Zenisek’s (1979) description of three CSR perspectives (ideological, societal, and operational). The end result is a multidimensional typology that permits the organization and development of empirical CSR research in an international setting.
Business Ethics without Stakeholders
Authors: Heath Joseph 
Published: July 2012

Abstract:One of the most influential ideas in the field of business ethics has been the suggestion that ethical conduct in a business context should be analyzed in terms of a set of fiduciary obligations toward various “stakeholder” groups. Moral problems, according to this view, involve reconciling such obligations in cases where stakeholder groups have conflicting interests. The question posed in this paper is whether the stakeholder paradigm represents the most fruitful way of articulating the moral problems that arise in business. By way of contrast, I outline two other possible approaches to business ethics: one, a more minimal conception, anchored in the notion of a fiduciary obligation toward shareholders; and the other, a broader conception, focused on the concept of market failure. I then argue that the latter offers a more satisfactory framework for the articulation of the social responsibilities of business.
For Better or For Worse: Corporate Responsibility Beyond “Do No Harm”
Authors: Wettstein Florian 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT:Do corporations have a duty to promote just institutions? Agreeing with Hsieh’s recent contribution, this article argues that they do. However, contrary to Hsieh, it holds that such a claim cannot be advanced convincingly only by reference to the negative duty to do no harm. Instead, such a duty necessarily must be grounded in positive obligation. In the search of a foundation for a positive duty for corporations to further just institutions, Stephen Kobrin’s notion of “private political authority” offers a promising connecting point. Political authority implies political responsibility; Political obligation, however, includes more than merely not doing any harm—it is essentially positive obligation. The implications of the new political responsibilities of multinational corporations may even go far beyond the particular duty to promote just institutions; they may be symptomatic for a much more profound shift from an individual to a collective age.
Extending the Horizon of Business Ethics: Restorative Justice and the Aftermath of Unethical Behavior
Authors: Goodstein Jerry , Butterfield Kenneth D. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT:We call for business ethics scholars to focus more attention on how individuals and organizations respond in the aftermath of unethical behavior. Insight into this issue is drawn from restorative justice, which moves beyond traditional approaches that emphasize retribution or rehabilitation to include restoring victims and other affected parties, reintegrating offenders, and facilitating moral repair in the workplace. We review relevant theoretical and empirical work in restorative justice and develop a conceptual model that highlights how this perspective can enhance theory and empirical research in business ethics. We specifically identify topic areas that we believe have particular promise for business ethics scholars to pursue. We close our paper by discussing implications of the restorative justice approach for practicing managers.
Migrations and harvest rates of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in a marine protected area
Authors: Morris Corey , Green John M. 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACT

Arctic charr are a particularly important species in Arctic and sub‐Arctic regions and face conservation challenges including human exploitation. Arctic charr migration pattern and harvest rate in the Gilbert Bay Marine Protected Area in southern Labrador, Canada were examined.
The marine movements of Arctic charr tagged with sonic transmitters were studied using an array of moored data logging ultrasonic receivers in Gilbert Bay and nearby Alexis Bay.
During subsistence gillnet fisheries conducted inside and outside the MPA 38% (8 of 21) of the tagged Arctic charr were recaptured. Surviving fish spent 7–8 weeks in the marine environment near coastal areas, often outside existing MPA boundaries. They then returned from these feeding areas to the Shinneys River in Gilbert Bay, a distance up to 25 km, during a 10 day period by directed and rapid movements.
This study provides the first information on the extent and timing of Arctic charr marine migrations in southern Labrador, and it identifies a potentially high rate of fishing mortality. The Gilbert Bay Marine Protected Area could provide more protection to the local Arctic charr population were MPA regulations applied to this species. Copyright © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada 2012
High Pressure Phase Equilibria of the Water‐Argon System
Authors: Wu G. , Heilig M. , Lentz H. , Franck E. U. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAn experimental reinvestigation of the high‐temperature phase equilibria and critical curve of the water‐argon system was made for water mole fractionsxbetween 0.2 and 0.95 in the temperature range from 480 to 663 K and at pressures from 10 to 340 MPa. Molar volumes were measured at thepTx‐phase equilibrium surface. Contrary to the results of an earlier determination [3], the critical curve shows a temperature minimum at 637 K and 84 MPa and proceeds to 658 K at 261 MPa. Thus the curve belongs to the “type II”‐group. Phase equilibrium data are shown for pressures to 300 MPa. A calculation based on a rational equation of state confirms the critical curve.