bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tricomponent Azide, Tetrazolate, and Carboxylate Cobridging Magnetic Systems: Ferromagnetic Coupling, Metamagnetism, and Single‐Chain Magnetism
Authors: Li Xiu‐Bing , Zhang Jian‐Yong , Wang Yan‐Qin , Song You , Gao En‐Qing 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThree novel coordination polymers with azide and a bifunctional zwitterionic ligand bearing carboxylate and tetrazolate as bridging groups, [M(L)(N3)]⋅x H2O [L=1‐(carboxylatomethyl)‐4‐(5‐tetrazolato)pyridinium, M=Cu (1, x=2), Ni (2, x=1), and Co (3, x=1)], have been synthesized and characterized by X‐ray crystallography and magnetic measurements. The compounds consist of two‐dimensional coordination layers in which uniform anionic chains with the unprecedented tricomponent (μ‐azide)(μ‐tetrazolate)(μ‐carboxylate) bridges are cross‐linked by cationic 1‐methylenepyridinium spacers. The tricomponent bridges induce ferromagnetic interactions in all the compounds. Furthermore, this isostructural series of ferromagnetic‐chain‐based compounds has allowed us to observe distinct bulk properties that are dependent upon the natures of the different spin carriers: with the isotropic CuII ion, 1 exhibits a paramagnetic phase of the ferromagnetic chains without long‐range magnetic order above 2 K; with the weakly anisotropic NiII ions, 2 displays antiferromagnetic ordering and field‐induced metamagnetism without slow dynamic relaxation; and with CoII, which has strong magnetic anisotropy due to first‐order spin‐orbital coupling, 3 exhibits magnetic hysteresis and slow magnetization dynamics typical of single‐chain magnets.
Principle considerations for the use of transcriptomics in doping research
Authors: Neuberger Elmo W. I. , Moser Dirk A. , Simon Perikles 
Published: October 2011

AbstractOver the course of the past decade, technical progress has enabled scientists to investigate genome‐wide RNA expression using microarray platforms. This transcriptomic approach represents a promising tool for the discovery of basic gene expression patterns and for identification of cellular signalling pathways under various conditions. Since doping substances have been shown to influence mRNA expression, it has been suggested that these changes can be detected by screening the blood transcriptome. In this review, we critically discuss the potential but also the pitfalls of this application as a tool in doping research. Transcriptomic approaches were considered to potentially provide researchers with a unique gene expression signature or with a specific biomarker for various physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Since transcriptomic approaches are considerably prone to biological and technical confounding factors that act on study subjects or samples, very strict guidelines for the use of transcriptomics in human study subjects have been developed. Typical field conditions associated with doping controls limit the feasibility of following these strict guidelines as there are too many variables counteracting a standardized procedure. After almost a decade of research using transcriptomic tools, it still remains a matter of future technological progress to identify the ultimate biomarker using technologies and/or methodologies that are sufficiently robust against typical biological and technical bias and that are valid in a court of law. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Segmented regression, a versatile tool to analyze mRNA levels in relation to DNA copy number aberrations
Authors: Nemes Szilárd , Parris Toshima Z. , Danielsson Anna , Kannius‐Janson Marie , Jonasson Junmei Miao , Steineck Gunnar , Helou Khalil 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDNA copy number aberrations (CNA) and subsequent altered gene expression profiles (mRNA levels) are characteristic features of cancerous cells. Integrative genomic analysis aims to identify recurrent CNA that may have a potential role in cancer development, assuming that gene amplification is accompanied by overexpression, while deletions give rise to downregulation of gene expression. We propose a segmented regression‐based approach to identify CNA‐driven alteration of gene expression profiles. Segmented regression allows to fit piecewise linear models in different domains of CNA joined by a change‐point, where the mRNA–CNA relationship undergoes structural changes. Here, we illustrate the implementation and applicability of the proposed model using 1,161 chromosome fragments detected as DNA CNA in primary tumors from 97 breast cancer patients. We identified significant CNA‐driven changes in gene expression levels for 341 chromosome fragments, of which 72 showed a nonlinear relationship to CNA. For 59 of 72 chromosome fragments (82%), we observed an initial increase in mRNA levels due to changes in CNA. After the change‐point was passed, the mRNA levels reached a plateau, and a further increase in DNA copy numbers did not induce further elevation in mRNA levels. In contrast, for 13 chromosome fragments, the change‐point marked the point where mRNA production accelerated. We conclude that segmented regression modeling may provide valuable insights into the impact CNA have on gene expression in cancer cells. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A salty‐congruent odor enhances saltiness: Functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Seo Han‐Seok , Iannilli Emilia , Hummel Cornelia , Okazaki Yoshiro , Buschhüter Dorothee , Gerber Johannes , Krammer Gerhard E. , van Lengerich Bernhard , Hummel Thomas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractExcessive intake of dietary salt (sodium chloride) may increase the risk of chronic diseases. Accordingly, various strategies to reduce salt intake have been conducted. This study aimed to investigate whether a salty‐congruent odor can enhance saltiness on the basis of psychophysical (Experiment 1) and neuroanatomical levels (Experiment 2). In Experiment 1, after receiving one of six stimulus conditions: three odor conditions (odorless air, congruent, or incongruent odor) by two concentrations (low or high) of either salty or sweet taste solution, participants were asked to rate taste intensity and pleasantness. In Experiment 2, participants received the same stimuli during the functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. In Experiment 1, compared with an incongruent odor and/or odorless air, a congruent odor enhanced not only taste intensity but also either pleasantness of sweetness or unpleasantness of saltiness. In Experiment 2, a salty‐congruent combination of odor and taste produced significantly higher neuronal activations in brain regions associated with odor–taste integration (e.g., insula, frontal operculum, anterior cingulate cortex, and orbitofrontal cortex) than an incongruent combination and/or odorless air with taste solution. In addition, the congruent odor‐induced saltiness enhancement was more pronounced in the low‐concentrated tastant than in the high‐concentrated one. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the congruent odor‐induced saltiness enhancement on the basis of psychophysical and neuroanatomical results. These findings support an alternative strategy to reduce excessive salt intake by adding salty‐congruent aroma to sodium reduced food. However, there are open questions regarding the salty‐congruent odor‐induced taste unpleasantness. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Degeneration of corpus callosum and recovery of motor function after stroke: A multimodal magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Wang Ling E. , Tittgemeyer Marc , Imperati Davide , Diekhoff Svenja , Ameli Mitra , Fink Gereon R. , Grefkes Christian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAnimal models of stroke demonstrated that white matter ischemia may cause both axonal damage and myelin degradation distant from the core lesion, thereby impacting on behavior and functional outcome after stroke. We here used parameters derived from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the effect of focal white matter ischemia on functional reorganization within the motor system. Patients (n = 18) suffering from hand motor deficits in the subacute or chronic stage after subcortical stroke and healthy controls (n = 12) were scanned with both diffusion MRI and functional MRI while performing a motor task with the left or right hand. A laterality index was employed on activated voxels to assess functional reorganization across hemispheres. Regression analyses revealed that diffusion MRI parameters of both the ipsilesional corticospinal tract (CST) and corpus callosum (CC) predicted increased activation of the unaffected hemisphere during movements of the stroke‐affected hand. Changes in diffusion MRI parameters possibly reflecting axonal damage and/or destruction of myelin sheath correlated with a stronger bilateral recruitment of motor areas and poorer motor performance. Probabilistic fiber tracking analyses revealed that the region in the CC correlating with the fMRI laterality index and motor deficits connected to sensorimotor cortex, supplementary motor area, ventral premotor cortex, superior parietal lobule, and temporoparietal junction. The results suggest that degeneration of transcallosal fibers connecting higher order sensorimotor regions constitute a relevant factor influencing cortical reorganization and motor outcome after subcortical stroke. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in unselected Nigerian breast cancer patients
Authors: Fackenthal James D. , Zhang Jing , Zhang Bifeng , Zheng Yonglan , Hagos Fitsum , Burrill Devin R. , Niu Qun , Huo Dezheng , Sveen Walmy E. , Ogundiran Temidayo , Adebamowo Clemet , Odetunde Abayomi , Falusi Adeyinka G. , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractInherited mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are the strongest genetic predictors of breast cancer and are the primary causes of familial breast/ovarian cancer syndrome. The frequency, spectrum and penetrance of mutant BRCA1/BRCA2 alleles have been determined for several populations, but little information is available for populations of African ancestry, who suffer a disproportionate burden of early onset breast cancer. We have performed complete sequence analysis of all BRCA1 and BRCA2 exons and intron–exon boundaries for 434 Nigerian breast cancer patients from the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. In contrast to previous suggestions that BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation frequencies are low or undetectable in African American populations, we find that Nigerian breast cancer patients have an exceptionally high frequency of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations (7.1 and 3.9%, respectively). Sixteen different BRCA1 mutations were detected, seven of which have never been reported previously, while thirteen different BRCA2 mutations were seen, six of which were previously unreported. Thus, our data support enrichment for genetic risk factors in this relatively young cohort. To improve breast cancer outcomes, we suggest that family‐based models of risk assessment and genetic counseling coupled with interventions to reduce breast cancer risk should be broadly disseminated in Nigeria and other underserved and understudied populations.
Molecular imaging assisted surgery improves survival in a murine head and neck cancer model
Authors: Miyamoto Shunsuke , Sperry Steven , Yamashita Taku , Reddy Nishant P. , O'Malley Bert W. , Li Daqing 
Published: October 2011

AbstractSurgery plays an important role in the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNC), and surgical margin status is a key prognostic factor. Molecular imaging (MI) can be applied to identify tumor extensions intraoperatively. We applied this technique in a murine HNC model to determine whether it improves outcomes from surgical intervention. An orthotopic murine model with HNC was established with SCC VII cells expressing a green fluorescent protein. To determine the diagnostic accuracy of MI, 20 murine models undergoing standard surgical resection were assessed with MI to identify residual tumor, which was compared to histology as the gold standard. Then, to assess the effect of MI as a therapeutic intervention for survival, 65 mice were randomly divided into standard surgical resection, MI‐assisted surgical resection, and control groups. In the MI‐assisted surgery group, residual signals identified by MI underwent further tissue excision to eliminate the signal positivity. In diagnostic accuracy analysis, sensitivity and specificity of intraoperative MI in the HNC murine model were 86% and 100%, respectively. The mice undergoing MI‐assisted surgery showed a significantly improved 60‐day survival rate compared to standard surgery, 37% versus 5%, respectively. Intraoperative MI guidance is a promising technique in oncologic surgery, which could increase the efficacy of tumor resection and the survival of patients with HNC. The hurdles in applying this technique in clinical practice are still considerable, and further research and development is warranted.
The genomics of Acinetobacter baumannii: Insights into genome plasticity, antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity
Authors: Imperi Francesco , Antunes Luísa C.S. , Blom Jochen , Villa Laura , Iacono Michele , Visca Paolo , Carattoli Alessandra 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe genome sequences of a number of Acinetobacter baumannii strains, including representatives of the main epidemic international lineages, have now been determined, and several others are in progress. The study of A. baumannii genomics has provided an expanded view of the adaptation and virulence capacities of this bacterial species, whilst also presenting novel insights into its intraspecies diversity and genome evolution. Genomic analyses have revealed that the current A. baumannii clinical population consists of low‐grade pathogens, whose pathogenicity relies mainly on an ability to persist in the hospital setting and survive antibiotic treatment. A. baumannii has a high capacity to acquire new genetic determinants and displays an open pan genome; this feature may have played a crucial role in the evolution of this human opportunistic pathogen towards clinical success. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 63(12): 1068–1074, 2011
Downregulation of PKD1 by shRNA results in defective osteogenic differentiation via cAMP/PKA pathway in human MG‐63 cells
Authors: Qiu Ni , Zhou Honghao , Xiao Zhousheng 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMutations and/or deletions of Pkd1 in mouse models resulted in attenuation of osteoblast function and defective bone formation; however, the function of PKD1 in human osteoblast and bone remains uncertain. In the current study, we used lentivirus‐mediated shRNA technology to stably knock down PKD1 in the human osteoblastic MG‐63 cell line and to investigate the role of PKD1 on human osteoblast function and molecular mechanisms. We found that a 53% reduction of PKD1 by PKD1 shRNA in stable, transfected MG‐63 cells resulted in increased cell proliferation and impaired osteoblastic differentiation as reflected by increased BrdU incorporation, decreased alkaline phosphatase activity, and calcium deposition and by decreased expression of RUNX2 and OSTERIX compared to control shRNA MG‐63 cells. In addition, knockdown of PKD1 mRNA caused enhanced adipogenesis in stable PKD1 shRNA MG‐63 cells as evidenced by elevated lipid accumulation and increased expression of adipocyte‐related markers such as PPARγ and aP2. The stable PKD1 shRNA MG‐63 cells exhibited lower basal intracellular calcium, which led to attenuated cytosolic calcium signaling in response to fluid flow shear stress, as well as increased intracellular cAMP messages in response to forskolin (10 µM) stimulation. Moreover, increased cell proliferation, inhibited osteoblastic differentiation, and osteogenic and adipogenic gene markers were significantly reversed in stable PKD1 shRNA MG‐63 cells when treated with H89 (1 µM), an inhibitor of PKA. These findings suggest that downregulation of PKD1 in human MG‐63 cells resulted in defective osteoblast function via intracellular calcium‐cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 967–976, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The DEAD‐box RNA helicase DDX3 interacts with DDX5, co‐localizes with it in the cytoplasm during the G2/M phase of the cycle, and affects its shuttling during mRNP export
Authors: Choi Yeo‐Jin , Lee Seong‐Gene 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDDX3 is involved in RNA transport, translational control, proliferation of RNA viruses, and cancer progression. From yeast two‐hybrid screening using the C‐terminal region of DDX3 as a bait, the DEAD‐box RNA helicase DDX5 was cloned. In immunofluorescence analysis, DDX3 and DDX5 were mainly co‐localized in the cytoplasm. Interestingly, cytoplasmic levels of DDX5 increased in the G2/M phase and consequently protein–protein interaction also increased in the cytoplasmic fraction. DDX3 was highly phosphorylated at its serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues in the steady state, but not phosphorylated at the serine residue(s) in the G2/M phase. DDX5 was less phosphorylated in the G1/S phase; however, it was highly phosphorylated at serine, threonine, and tyrosine residues in the G2/M phase. PP2A treatment of the cytoplasmic lysate from G2/M phase cells positively affected the interaction between DDX3 and DDX5, whereas, PTP1B treatment did not. In an analysis involving recombinant His‐DDX3 and His‐DDX5, PP2A pretreatment of His‐DDX5 increased the interaction with endogenous DDX3, and vice versa. Furthermore, the results of GST pull‐down experiments support the conclusion that dephosphorylation of serine and/or threonine residues in both proteins enhanced protein–protein interactions. UV cross‐linking experiments showed that DDX3 and DDX5 are involved in mRNP export. Additionally, DDX3 knockdown blocked the shuttling of DDX5 to the nucleus. These data demonstrate a novel interaction between DDX3 and DDX5 through the phosphorylation of both proteins, especially in the G2/M phase, and suggest a novel combined mechanism of action, involving RNP remodeling and splicing, for DEAD‐box RNA helicases involved in mRNP export. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 985–996, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Extracellular calcium chronically induced human osteoblasts effects: Specific modulation of osteocalcin and collagen type XV
Authors: Gabusi Elena , Manferdini Cristina , Grassi Francesco , Piacentini Anna , Cattini Luca , Filardo Giuseppe , Lambertini Elisabetta , Piva Roberta , Zini Nicoletta , Facchini Andrea , Lisignoli Gina 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFluctuation in extracellular calcium (Ca2+) concentration occurs during bone remodeling. Free ionized Ca2+ plays a critical role in regulating osteoblast functions. We analyzed the effects of different concentrations of free ionized Ca2+ (0.5, 1.3, and 2.6 mM) on human osteoblasts and we evaluated osteoblastic phenotype (marker expression and cell morphology) and functions (osteogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, and cell signaling). Our data show human osteoblasts that chronically stimulated with 0.5, 1.3, or 2.6 mM Ca2+ significantly increase intracellular content of alkaline phosphatase, collagen type I, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein, whereas collagen type XV was down‐modulated and RUNX2 expression was not affected. We also found a Ca2+ concentration‐dependent increase in osteogenic differentiation and cell proliferation, associated to an increase of signaling protein PLCβ1 and p‐ERK. Human osteoblast morphology was affected by Ca2+ as seen by the presence of numerous nucleoli, cells in mitosis, cell junctions, and an increased number of vacuoles. In conclusion, our data show a clear phenotypical and functional effect of extracellular Ca2+ on human osteoblasts and support the hypothesis of a direct role of this cation in the bone remodeling processes. J. Cell. Physiol. 227: 3151–3161, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nutrient concentrations of peach‐tree leaves under deficit irrigation
Authors: Abrisqueta Isabel , Quezada‐Martin Rosario , Munguía‐López Juan P. , Ruiz‐Sánchez M. Carmen , Abrisqueta José M. , Vera Juan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe effect of different deficit‐irrigation treatments on the dynamics of mineral nutrients in leaves of peach trees growing under Mediterranean conditions was studied. Treatments consisted of a control, continuous deficit irrigation, regulated deficit irrigation, and partial root drying. The dynamics of nutrients were unchanged by the water deficits, though the amount absorbed was slightly modified. The advantages of deficit‐irrigation strategies with regard to water‐use efficiency were accompanied by the absence of any harmful effect on leaf mineral nutrition.
Mit Selective Laser Melting auf dem Weg zur Serienproduktion?
Authors: Bremen Sebastian , Buchbinder Damien , Meiners Wilhelm , Wissenbach Konrad 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDie fortschreitende Globalisierung und die damit einhergehende Sättigung und Segmentierung der Märkte erhöht die Variantenzahl produzierender Unternehmen und verstärkt die Nachfrage an individualisierten Produkten. Um in diesem Wettbewerb bestehen zu können, setzen Unternehmen in Hochlohnländern auf eine Kombination aus individuellen und gleichzeitig qualitativ hochwertigen Produkten. Die Herausforderung besteht in diesem Zusammenhang darin, möglichst schnell auf individuelle Kundenwünsche zu reagieren und gleichzeitig die Kosten niedrig zu halten [1]. Ein vielversprechender Ansatz dieses Problem zu lösen bietet die Technologie der generativen Fertigung, die in den letzten Jahren ihr technologisches Potenzial erheblich weiterentwickelt hat [2].
Ultrashort echo time imaging with bicomponent analysis
Authors: Du Jiang , Diaz Eric , Carl Michael , Bae Won , Chung Christine B. , Bydder Graeme M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBiological tissues frequently contain different water compartments, and these often have distinct transverse relaxation times. Quantification of these may be problematic on clinical scanners because spin echo sequences usually have initial echo times that are too long to accurately quantify shorter relaxation time components. In this study, an ultrashort echo time pulse sequence was used together with bicomponent analysis to quantify both the short and long T2 components in tissues of the musculoskeletal system. Feasibility studies were performed using numerical simulation, and on phantoms and in vitro tissues including bovine cortical bone, ligaments, menisci, tendons, and articular cartilage. The simulation and phantom studies demonstrated that this technique can quantify T2* and fractions of the short and long T2 components. The tissues studies showed two distinct components with short T2*s ranging from 0.3 ms for bovine cortical bone to 2.1 ms for menisci, and long T2*s ranging from 2.9 ms for bovine cortical bone to 35.0 ms for articular cartilage. The short T2* fraction ranged from 18.5% for patella cartilage to 80.9% for ligaments. The results show that ultrashort echo time imaging with bicomponent analysis can quantify the short and long T2 water components in vitro in musculoskeletal tissues. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Review and enhancement of 3D concrete models for large‐scale numerical simulations of concrete structures
Authors: Hofstetter B. Valentini, G. 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYThe present paper focuses on selected plasticity and damage‐plasticity models for describing the 3D material behavior of concrete. In particular, a plasticity model and a damage‐plasticity model are reviewed and evaluated. Based on the results of the evaluation, enhancements are proposed, aiming at improving the correspondence between predicted and observed material behavior and aiming at implementing a robust and efficient stress update algorithm in a finite element program for performing large‐scale 3D numerical simulations of concrete structures. The capabilities of the concrete models are demonstrated by 3D numerical simulations of benchmark tests with combined bending and torsional loading and combined compression and shear loading and by a large‐scale 3D finite element analysis of a model test of a concrete arch dam. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.