bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘I'd rather be seen as a practitioner, come in to teach my subject’: Identity Work in Part‐Time Art and Design Tutors
Authors: Shreeve Alison 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article explores issues of identity as part‐time tutors engage in teaching in further and higher education. It is based on a phenomenographic research approach that examines variation in experience. Based on interviews with 16 creative practitioners who also teach, it draws on the narratives of identity resulting from the interview process. The five possible ways that the relationship between practice and teaching can be experienced can also be associated with five different experiences of identity. The research also draws on case studies more aligned with one category of experience than another, enabling aspects of identity work to be related to the worlds of practice and teaching and to individual histories of participation in these worlds. Factors that help to contribute to particular forms of identity are therefore discussed, as well as the impact that tutor identity can have on the students' learning experience.
Performance Art at Secondary Level
Authors: Horn Sheridan 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article considers the far‐reaching potential and the particular characteristics of performance art within the secondary art curriculum. It discusses the means by which an art department has incorporated it into their teaching curriculum at a state secondary school with reference to installations and the work of different performance artists in residence; details of their performances, methods and artistic intentions are discussed. After consideration of the varied responses from staff and students within Trinity Catholic School, the values and significance of direct experience are discussed. In its transience and its reflecting of the performative acts common to ordinary life, performance art offers a challenge to young people's thinking and creativity.
Critical Perspectives on Colonisation of the Art Curriculum in Korea
Authors: Park Jeong‐Ae 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article examines some characteristics of art education in Korea. It takes the form of a historical overview using a postcolonial lens. The findings were that the predominant Western aesthetic concepts and theories as central culture embodied in Korean art education as local culture are: (i) ideas of art as self‐expression developed in Europe and the USA between the 1920s and 1950s; (ii) the concept of art in daily living in the USA in the 1930s; (iii) design elements and principles by Arthur Wesley Dow in the USA in the 1920s; (iv) Bauhaus design theory in Europe in the 1920s; and (v) the appreciation of nature beauty by John Ruskin in the late nineteenth century in England. These educational ideas have been influential on policy‐making in Korean art education, and therefore new concepts are integrated with these elements for curriculum changes. In this way, the characteristic of the colonised Korean art curriculum is so hybrid that it is difficult to understand the concepts and the practical implications of the various policies for art teaching. Consequently, it has not served the issues of cultural diversity and pluralism that are so problematic in twenty‐first century Korean society.
F. M. Courtis Collection: A Window on Teacher Education at Bendigo, Australia
Authors: Collet Penelope 
Published: July 2009

AbstractFor the best part of the last millennium collections have been used in universities in Europeto support teaching and research. European authors have referred to university collections as ‘windows on the university’. This article uses the European context to historically situate art collections in Australian teacher education institutions. The F.M. Courtis Collection at La Trobe University exemplifies how such teaching collections continue to contribute to teaching and learning today.
The Creation of the ‘Hong Kong Visual Arts Education Web’ and the Use of the Inquiry‐Based Teaching Approach
Authors: Sang Anita Ng Heung 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThis article describes a collaborative action research conducted by a lecturer and several primary school art teachers, who between 2001 and 2006 created the Visual Arts Education Web (‘iii web’) in Hong Kong. The creation of the ‘iii web’ was accomplished through research that employed questionnaires, focus group discussions and individual interviews. Teachers' perceptions of using websites in teaching were examined, art education websites from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Mainland China and the USA were compared, in order to create a website that could meet the needs of Hong Kong primary school art teachers. Inquiry‐based learning is one of the important teaching approaches that were introduced during the Hong Kong Education Reform in 2003. An example of using the ‘iii web’ to teach public art is described to illustrate how the teacher and students used inquiry‐based learning in art education.
A Lateral Approach for Screw Repair in Lag Fashion of Spiral Third Metacarpal and Metatarsal Medial Condylar Fractures in Horses
Authors: SMITH LEWIS C. R. , GREET TIMOTHY R. C. , BATHE ANDREW P. 
Published: July 2009

Objective—To describe a lateral approach for screw fixation in lag fashion of simple spiral medial condylar fractures of the third metacarpus/metatarsus (MC3/MT3).Study Design—Case series.Animals—Thoroughbred racehorses (n=9).Methods—Nondisplaced medial MC3/MT3 condylar fractures (3 thoracic, 6 pelvic limbs), with mean length 126 mm (range, 91–151 mm) were repaired by internal fixation, under general anesthesia, using multiple 4.5 mm cortical screws inserted in lag fashion from the lateral aspect of the limb, using radiographic or fluoroscopic guidance. Horses were recovered from anesthesia in half‐limb casts; 7 unassisted and 2 using a rope‐recovery system. Horses had 2 months box rest, 1 month in‐hand walking, and follow‐up radiographic examination at 3 months.Results—Horses recovered uneventfully from anesthesia. Five horses raced; 1 returned to training, was persistently lame, and was retired to stud; 2 were retired directly to stud; and 1 horse was lost to follow‐up.Conclusions—MC3/MT3 medial condylar fractures were successfully repaired by screws inserted n lag fashion form the lateral aspect.Clinical Relevance—Use of a lateral approach to medial condylar MC3/MT3 fractures allows screw insertion perpendicular to the fracture plane without interference with palmar/plantar soft tissue structures or from the splint bones. Although repair was performed under general anesthesia, the technique should be adaptable to application in standing horses.
Immunohistochemical Localization of RANK, RANKL and OPG in Healthy and Arthritic Canine Elbow Joints
Authors: SPAHNI ANDREA I. , SCHAWALDER PETER , ROTHEN BARBARA , BOSSHARDT DIETER D. , LANG NIKLAUS , STOFFEL MICHAEL H. 
Published: July 2009

Objective— To determine if the receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB–receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand–osteoprotegerin (RANK–RANKL–OPG) system is active in bone remodeling in dogs and, if so, whether differences in expression of these mediators occur in healthy and arthritic joints.Study Design— Experimental study.Sample Population— Fragmented processus coronoidei (n=20) were surgically removed from dogs with elbow arthritis and 5 corresponding healthy samples from dogs euthanatized for reasons other than elbow joint disease.Methods— Bright‐field immunohistochemistry and high‐resolution fluorescence microscopy were used to investigate the distribution of RANK, RANKL, and OPG in healthy and arthritic joints.Results— All 3 molecules were identified by immunostaining of canine bone tissue. In elbow dysplasia, the number of RANK‐positive osteoclasts was increased. In their vicinity, cells expressing RANKL, a mediator of osteoclast activation, were abundant whereas the number of osteoblasts having the potential to limit osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption via OPG was few.Conclusions— The RANK–RANKL–OPG system is active in bone remodeling in dogs. In elbow dysplasia, a surplus of molecules promoting osteoclastogenesis was evident and is indicative of an imbalance between the mediators regulating bone resorption and bone formation. Both OPG and neutralizing antibodies against RANKL have the potential to counterbalance bone resorption.Clinical Relevance— Therapeutic use of neutralizing antibodies against RANKL to inhibit osteoclast activation warrants further investigation.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐26 is present more frequently in squamous cell carcinomas of immunosuppressed compared with immunocompetent patients
Authors: Kuivanen Tiina , Jeskanen Leila , Kyllönen Lauri , Isaka Keiichi , Saarialho‐Kere Ulpu 
Published: July 2009

Background: Skin cancers are the most frequent malignancies in organ transplant recipients (OTRs). Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) occur 65–250 times more frequently in OTRs and tend to be aggressive in behavior. Because matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a central role in tumorigenesis and invasion, we investigated the epithelial and stromal MMP and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP) expression profile in SCCs of immunosuppressed (IS) compared with immunocompetent (IC) patients to determine if differences could explain the more aggressive behavior of SCCs in OTRs.Methods: Matched pairs from 20 SCCs of IS and IC patients were studied using immunohistochemistry for MMP‐1, MMP‐7, MMP‐8, MMP‐9, MMP‐13 and MMP‐26 and TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐3.Results: Among all MMPs studied, only staining for MMP‐26 was significantly more intense in cancer cells of the post‐transplant group compared with the IC group (p = 0.01), whereas MMP‐9 expression was more abundant in stromal macrophages surrounding SCCs of IC patients (p = 0.02). MMP‐26 expression in cancer cells (p = 0.04) and that of MMP‐9 in neutrophils (p = 0.005) were more abundant in SCCs of patients using cyclosporine.Conclusions: We conclude that MMP‐26 and MMP‐9 may contribute to the more aggressive behavior of SCCs in OTRs.
Fibrofolliculoma/trichodiscoma and fibrous papule (perifollicular fibroma/angiofibroma): a revaluation of the histopathological and immunohistochemical features
Authors: Misago Noriyuki , Kimura Tetsunori , Narisawa Yutaka 
Published: July 2009

Background: The multiple facial lesions of fibrofolliculoma (FF)/trichodiscoma (TD) and those of fibrous papule (FP; perifollicular fibroma/angiofibroma, AF) are characteristic of Birt‐Hogg‐Dubé (BHD) syndrome and tuberous sclerosis, respectively. However, there was a recently reported case of BHD syndrome with multiple facial FP lesions and a case of tuberous sclerosis, in which one FF lesion was included among the multiple facial FPs.Methods: The histopathological and immunohistochemical features of FF/TD and FP lesions were revaluated to study the relationship between the two. This investigation evaluated 20 FF/TD lesions including two cases of BHD syndrome and 35 FP lesions including three cases of tuberous sclerosis.Results: There are common histopathological features in the two lesions, such as the follicular and perifollicular elements, an angiofibromatous element and stellate fibrocytes. The similar immunohistochemical features between the two lesions included the expression patterns of CD34, factor XIIIa, nestin and c‐kit in the stromal cells as well as abnormal CK15 expression in the hair follicles.Conclusions: Both FF/TD and FP are hamartomas composed of perifollicular or interfollicular connective tissue and a hair follicular epithelial component, which may be caused by an abnormal functioning of the hair follicle bulge cells.
Elastic fiber pattern in scleroderma/morphea
Authors: Walters Ruth , Pulitzer Melissa , Kamino Hideko 
Published: July 2009

Background: Scleroderma/morphea is characterized by expansion of the dermis with thickened collagen bundles and loss of CD34+ dermal dendrocytes. Variable elastic fiber changes have been described, but to our knowledge, no systematic study of the elastic fiber pattern correlated with CD34 expression has been reported.Methods: To better define the typical elastic fiber morphology, we examined seven cases of normal skin and 28 cases of scleroderma/morphea ranging from inflammatory to sclerosing stages. All but four biopsies were submitted with a clinical impression of either scleroderma or morphea. CD34 immunohistochemistry was performed on 26 biopsies with available tissue.Results: Elastic van Gieson stain showed preservation of elastic fibers in all cases. In addition, straightening with parallel orientation and compression between thickened collagen bundles was frequently present and was graded as limited in 46% and diffuse in 54% of cases. The extent of elastic fiber alteration correlated with the degree of sclerosis. A variable loss of CD34+ dermal dendritic cells was seen in all cases.Conclusion: This study confirms the preservation and frequent presence of parallel, straightened and compressed elastic fibers in scleroderma/morphea and suggests that the elastic fiber pattern, in addition to CD34 immunohistochemistry, may serve as a useful diagnostic adjunct.
PIP4KIIA and β‐globin: transcripts differentially expressed in reticulocytes and associated with high levels of Hb H in two siblings with Hb H disease
Authors: Wenning Marcia R. S. C. , Mello Maricilda P. , Andrade Tiago G. , Lanaro Carolina , Albuquerque Dulcineia M. , Saad Sara T. O. , Costa Fernando F. , Sonati Maria F. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractWe are reporting here the results of differential gene expression experiments comparing two siblings, a 21‐yr‐old male and a 19‐yr‐old female, with the same alpha‐thalassemia genotype (−α3.7/−−SEA) and quite different levels of Hb H in the peripheral blood (18.7 and 5%, respectively). By using mRNA differential‐display reverse‐transcription‐PCR and suppression subtractive hybridization, two main transcripts were selected in both procedures and validated by qRT‐PCR, one corresponding to the phosphatidylinositol phosphate 4‐kinase type II‐alpha (PIP4KIIA) gene and the other to the β‐globin gene, both over expressed in the patient with the higher percentage of Hb H. Type II PIP kinases produce phosphatidylinositol 4,5 biphosphate, a critical and pleiotropic regulatory molecule involved in diverse cellular activities, including gene expression. Our results suggest that PIP4KIIA may be one of the factors related to the regulation of the β‐globin gene expression and the different levels of Hb H in α‐thalassemic patients.
Transportin Mediates Nuclear Entry of DNA in Vertebrate Systems
Authors: Lachish‐Zalait Aurelie , Lau Corine K. , Fichtman Boris , Zimmerman Ella , Harel Amnon , Gaylord Michelle R. , Forbes Douglass J. , Elbaum Michael 
Published: July 2009

Abstract Delivery of DNA to the cell nucleus is an essential step in many types of viral infection, transfection, gene transfer by the plant pathogen Agrobacteriumtumefaciens and in strategies for gene therapy. Thus, the mechanism by which DNA crosses the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is of great interest. Using nuclei reconstituted in vitro in Xenopus egg extracts, we previously studied DNA passage through the nuclear pores using a single‐molecule approach based on optical tweezers. Fluorescently labeled DNA molecules were also seen to accumulate within nuclei. Here we find that this import of DNA relies on a soluble protein receptor of the importin family. To identify this receptor, we used different pathway‐specific cargoes in competition studies as well as pathway‐specific dominant negative inhibitors derived from the nucleoporin Nup153. We found that inhibition of the receptor transportin suppresses DNA import. In contrast, inhibition of importin β has little effect on the nuclear accumulation of DNA. The dependence on transportin was fully confirmed in assays using permeabilized HeLa cells and a mammalian cell extract. We conclude that the nuclear import of DNA observed in these different vertebrate systems is largely mediated by the receptor transportin. We further report that histones, a known cargo of transportin, can act as an adaptor for the binding of transportin to DNA.
The Emerging Role of the RAB25 Small GTPase in Cancer
Authors: Agarwal Roshan , Jurisica Igor , Mills Gordon B. , Cheng Kwai Wa 
Published: July 2009

Abstract RAB25, a member of the rat sarcoma (RAS) family of small GTPase, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of ovarian, breast and other cancers. Its role in endosomal transport and recycling of cell‐surface receptors and signaling proteins presents a novel paradigm for the disruption of cellular pathways and promotion of tumor development and aggressiveness. Variations in structure and post‐translational modifications control the localization of RAS superfamily proteins to specific subcellular compartments and recruitment of downstream effectors, allowing these small GTPases to function as sophisticated modulators of a complex and diverse range of cellular processes. Here, we review the link between RAB25 and tumor development and current knowledge regarding its possible roles in cancer.
A mouse model linking viral hepatitis and salivary gland dysfunction
Authors: Kasman LM , London LL , London SD , Pilgrim MJ 
Published: July 2009

Objective:  Viral hepatitis is known to cause xerostomia in humans, but this has not been reported in an animal model. We report a severe, acute, highly reproducible saliva deficiency occurring in BALB/c mice as a result of experimental viral hepatitis.Materials and Methods:  BALB/c mice, splenectomized or carrying genetic mutations to detect immunological contributions to the saliva deficiency syndrome, were infected intraperitoneally with a non‐lethal dose of murine cytomegalovirus. Pilocarpine‐stimulated saliva volumes were determined between 0 and 15 days after infection. Salivary gland, liver, spleen, and sera were analyzed for the presence of virus, cytokines, inflammatory infiltrates, and tissue damage.Results:  Saliva deficiency was detectable 2 days after cytomegalovirus infection, peaked at 88% below normal by day 7, and resolved partially in all mice by 15 days postinfection as sialoadenitis increased. Neither salivary gland viral titers, sialoadenitis, splenectomy, nor systemic inflammatory markers correlated with hyposalivation severity. Elevated liver enzymes did correlate with hyposalivation, and mice genetically resistant to murine cytomegalovirus‐induced hepatitis were significantly protected.Conclusions:  Murine cytomegalovirus‐induced salivary gland dysfunction is biphasic, with an acute hepatitis‐associated phase and a later sialoadenitis‐associated phase. Acute murine cytomegalovirus infection of BALB/c mice may provide a model for investigation of hepatitis‐associated xerostomia.
Brain‐type natriuretic peptide at birth reflects foetal maturation and antenatal stress
Authors: Kanbe Taro , Maeno Yasuki , Fujino Hiroshi , Kanda Hiroshi , Hirose Akiko , Okada Junichiro , Morikawa Toshihiko , Iwata Sachiko , Iwata Osuke , Matsuishi Toyojiro 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAim:  Antenatal stress, maturation and other foetal conditions affect the postnatal cardiovascular function. Atrial‐ (ANP) and brain‐type natriuretic peptide (BNP) play important roles in regulating extracellular fluid volume and blood pressure, which may surrogate the foetal cardiovascular condition. The aim of this study was to investigate the dependence of serum ANP and BNP at birth on antenatal variables in high‐risk infants.Methods:  Plasma ANP and BNP levels in the umbilical cord blood were compared with antenatal clinical information in 280 infants.Results:  High levels of ANP and BNP were associated with multiple pregnancy, antenatal magnesium sulphate and foetal distress. Caesarean section (CS) was paradoxically associated with low ANP and high BNP; low ANP was related with CS before labour whereas high BNP was related with CS after the commencement of labour. High BNP levels further correlated with younger gestational age and intrauteral growth restriction. With regard to short‐term postnatal variables, high BNP levels were associated with low Apgar scores and respiratory failure whereas high ANP only correlated with the latter.Conclusion:  High natriuretic peptide levels were associated with prematurity at birth, uteral contraction and antenatal stress: cord blood ANP and BNP may be a useful surrogate marker for hidden antenatal stress.
Remifentanil for INSURE in preterm infants: a pilot study for evaluation of efficacy and safety aspects
Authors: Welzing L , Kribs A , Huenseler C , Eifinger F , Mehler K , Roth B 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAim:  To evaluate intubating conditions, extubation times and outcome in preterm infants receiving remifentanil as induction agent for the INSURE procedure.Methods:  In twenty‐one preterm infants of 29 to 32 weeks gestation and signs of respiratory distress, we utilized remifentanil as induction agent for the INSURE procedure. Following intubation and surfactant application, the infants were mechanically ventilated until respiratory drive was judged to be satisfactory for continuing CPAP therapy. Intubating conditions were classified by our own scoring system by rating limb movements, coughing and breathing. Heart rate, blood pressure and oxygen saturation were recorded during the entire INSURE procedure.Results:  Remifentanil provided excellent or good intubating conditions in all patients. We observed no serious side effects after remifentanil infusion, in particular, no thorax rigidity, clinically significant bradycardia or arterial hypotension. Average extubation time after surfactant administration was 16.9 min (1–45 min); none of the infants had to be reintubated. Following extubation, the infants required only 3.3 days (1–8 days) of CPAP therapy. None exhibited serious complications of prematurity like periventricular leucomalacia, intraventricular haemorrhage >I°, necrotizing enterocolitis or retinopathy.Conclusion:  In this pilot study, INSURE with remifentanil was associated with good intubating conditions and early extubation resulting in an excellent neonatal outcome.
Resuscitation at the limits of viability – an Irish perspective
Authors: Khan RA , Burgoyne L , O’Connell MP , Dempsey EM 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground:  Advances in neonatal care continue to lower the limit of viability. Decision making in this grey zone remains a challenging process.Objective:  To explore the opinions of healthcare providers on resuscitation and outcome in the less than 28‐week preterm newborn.Design/Methods:  An anonymous postal questionnaire was sent to health care providers working in maternity units in the Republic of Ireland. Questions related to neonatal management of the extreme preterm infant, and estimated survival and long‐term outcome.Results:  The response rate was 55% (74% obstetricians and 70% neonatologists). Less than 1% would advocate resuscitation at 22 weeks, 10% of health care providers advocate resuscitation at 23 weeks gestation, 80% of all health care providers would resuscitate at 24 weeks gestation. 20% of all health care providers would advocate cessation of resuscitation efforts on 22–25 weeks gestation at 5 min of age. 65% of Neonatologists and 54% trainees in Paediatrics would cease resuscitation at 10 min of age. Obstetricians were more pessimistic about survival and long term outcome in newborns delivered between 23 and 27 weeks when compared with neonatologists. This difference was also observed in trainees in paediatrics and obstetrics.Conclusion:  Neonatologists, trainees in paediatrics and neonatal nurses are generally more optimistic about outcome than their counterparts in obstetrical care and this is reflected in a greater willingness to provide resuscitation efforts at the limits of viability.