bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy: Risk factors and cost-effectiveness of real-time viewing
Authors: Topa Matilde , Rimondi Alessandro , Sorge Andrea , Smania Veronica , Scaramella Lucia , Nandi Nicoletta , Cavallaro Flaminia , Vecchi Maurizio , Elli Luca , Tontini Gian Eugenio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims International guidelines recommend real-time viewing (RTV) in capsule endoscopy for gastric emptying monitoring, yet it is often overlooked in clinical practice. We aimed to assess risk factors for incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) and evaluate the clinical relevance and cost-effectiveness of RTV implementation.
Methods We included consecutive SBCEs from 2013 to 2020. RTV was not applied per local protocol. We used multivariate logistic regression to identify risk factors for incomplete SBCE, including prolonged gastric transit time (GTT) and prolonged small bowel transit time (SBTT).
Results Analyzing 858 SBCEs, we observed a completion rate of 94.6%. Prolonged GTT and SBTT were present in 4.9% and 18.2% of complete SBCEs, and in 13% (P=0.03) and 10.8% (P=0.24) of incomplete SBCEs, respectively. Only 0.7% (6 of 858) had incomplete SBCE with prolonged GTT. In both univariate and multivariate analysis, a modifiable (prolonged GTT odds ratio [OR] 2.9; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1–7.5) and two unmodifiable risk factors (inpatient status OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1–4.5) and history of incomplete SBCE (OR 4.2; 95% CI 1.3–13.7) were independently linked to higher incomplete SBCE rates. The pretest completion probability was 90.5% and 95.8% in patients with and without unmodifiable risk factors, respectively (P <0.01). The direct cost of systematic RTV adoption and prokinetics administration would be €5059, aiming to identify and treat each case of prolonged GTT associated with incomplete SBCE.
Conclusions Modern devices make incomplete SBCE rare, usually not tied to prolonged GTT. In a low-incidence scenario, widespread RTV use brings high costs and uncertain effectiveness.
Utilizing a Guiding Catheter to Improve Endovascular Therapy Outcomes for Acute Vertebrobasilar Artery Occlusion in Patients with Tortuous Vessels
Authors: Himeno Takahiro , Ohtonari Tatsuya , Tanaka Akio , Inoue Tomoyuki , Koori Ryuusuke , Sato Kouta , Miyazaki Takeshi , Ota Shinzo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective Stable and swift placement of a guiding catheter in endovascular therapies for acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion is often difficult because of the tortuous bends of the vertebral or subclavian artery especially in older people. The use of a delivery assist guiding catheter (DAGC) shortens the time with stable support to deliver a therapeutic treatment catheter to the target lesions. Herein, we reported the clinical and radiographic outcomes in endovascular therapies utilizing the DAGC for acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusions in actual clinical settings.
Materials and Methods Between January 2018 and December 2021, 33 consecutive patients (males, 20[60.6%]; median age, 78 years) using a DAGC for acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion were analyzed retrospectively. Reperfusion was graded using postinterventional angiograms based on the “thrombolysis in cerebral infarction” (TICI) classification. Furthermore, the time from puncture to recanalization and the rate of effective recanalization achievement were investigated.
Results Effective recanalization with TICI 2b or 3 was achieved in 28 (84.8%) patients, and the median time from puncture to recanalization was only 44 minutes, despite the high rate of older patients in our cohort. In contrast, asymptomatic intracranial hemorrhage as a complication was observed in only 3 (9.1%) patients.
Conclusion The DAGC contributes to the shortening of recanalization time and improves the outcomes of endovascular therapies for acute vertebrobasilar artery occlusion.
Myxopapillary Ependymoma Metastasis Mimicking Pulmonary Embolism: An Illustrative Case
Authors: Fecker Adeline , Maanum Kayla A. , Shahin Maryam N. , Hakar Melanie , Wright III James M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMyxopapillary ependymomas (MPEs) are rare spinal cord tumors with low rates of metastasis outside of the neuraxis. Gross total resection of MPEs can significantly improve progression-free survival; however, adjunctive treatment remains unstandardized. A 29-year-old female with a history of spina bifida occulta surgical correction and lower back pain presented with dyspnea and tachycardia. A large pulmonary artery mass was discovered consistent with pulmonary thromboembolism. It was subsequently determined to be an intravascular metastasis secondary to sacral MPE. Standardization of MPE treatment and clinical suspicion of spinal neoplasm in the setting of chronic back pain with undetermined origin are of value.
Impact of Naming Treatment on Linguistic and Cognitive Abilities in Persons with Aphasia: A Case Report
Authors: Gowda Yashaswini Channabasave , Nagaraj Hema 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAphasia is a language impairment seen in individuals with brain damage. Naming impairments are commonly noticed in persons with aphasia. Speech-language therapy with traditional approaches in treating naming impairments was found effective in treating specific impairments at the level of semantic and phonemic processing. A combined approach in treatment is a new step toward training naming abilities in persons with aphasia. An intensive treatment plan with domain-specific techniques helps in the overall progression seen in communicative effectiveness. In this case report, we present a 23-year-old male with Wernicke's aphasia as a sequel of a cerebrovascular accident. We discuss the assessment of language and cognitive impairments and management of the language domain alone in the case reported. This case report highlights the impact of naming treatment on overall communicative effectiveness. The importance of early and intensive intervention programs for persons with aphasia could render a better prognosis. The speech-language pathologist's role in planning therapy (counterbalancing methods) goals for treating aphasia is vital in progress.
Rare Cause of Sphincter of Oddi Dysfunction and Double Duct Sign
Authors: Goel Akash , Singla Vikas , Bopanna Sawan , Singh Pankaj , Shawl Muzaffer Rashid 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDouble duct sign on imaging is defined as dilated common bile duct and pancreatic duct till ampulla and is usually associated with an ampullary obstruction likely periampullary malignancy. Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is an uncommon cause of double duct sign. In the present case, we are discussing a rare cause of Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction with double duct sign.
Proximal Scaphoid Reconstruction Techniques Comparison of Three Techniques for Proximal Scaphoid Recontruction
Authors: Gil Joseph A. , Burnier Marion , Hooke Alexander , Elhassan Bassem , Kakar Sanjeev 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction The costo-osteochondral autograft, vascularized medial femoral trochlear osteochondral autograft, and proximal hamate autograft have been used for the reconstruction of unsalvageable proximal pole scaphoid nonunions. Our hypothesis is that there is no difference in carpal kinematics after the proximal pole of the scaphoid is reconstructed with these three graft options.
Methods Wireless sensors were mounted to the carpus that was loaded through cyclical motion. Each specimen was tested under a series of the three reconstructed conditions and their kinematics compared.
Results No significant differences were found in scapholunate and lunocapitate joint motion during wrist flexion-extension and wrist radioulnar deviation between the three reconstructed conditions (p > 0.05).
Discussion and Conclusion There are minimal differences in carpal kinematics when comparing reconstruction of the proximal pole of the scaphoid with the costoosteochondral, medial femoral trochlear, and proximal hamate grafts.
Relation with Knowledge and Attitude on Health Promotion Activities among Adults with Lifestyle Disease—A Cohort Study
Authors: Naik Archana , Naik Chetan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction The World Health Organization (2010) reported that, in India, the estimated mortality rate due to noncommunicable diseases among males is 61.8% and 55% among females, indicating that lifestyle diseases are a significant challenge to public health. Thus, the study aimed to find the correlation between knowledge and attitude of health promotion activities among patients with lifestyle diseases.
Materials and Methods One hundred adults with lifestyle diseases were selected purposively with predetermined inclusion criteria for the study. The knowledge and attitude scores on health promotion activities were assessed using demographic proforma, knowledge questionnaire on lifestyle diseases, and a five-point Likert scale on attitude on health promotional activities.
Results The results highlighted that the majority 51% had inadequate knowledge on health promotion activities of lifestyle diseases, and 58% of the subjects had an unfavorable attitude toward health promotion activities. The study found that there is a significant association between the key demographic variables with knowledge and attitude toward lifestyle diseases with p < 0.05.
Conclusion Lifestyle diseases contribute to major disease burden toward any society as well as it increases mortality and morbidity rates. Current study's result evidences that the increase in knowledge on lifestyle diseases influences the attitude toward health promotional activities.
Polymorphous Low-Grade Neuroepithelial Tumor of the Young (PLNTY): Scoping Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Authors: Singh Daulat , Joshi Vijay P. , Pattankar Sanjeev , Maurya Ved Prakash , Mishra Rakesh , Cincu Rafael , Moscote-Salazar Luis Rafael , Agrawal Amit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPolymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY) is considered one of the low-grade neuroepithelial tumors, as per the World Health Organization 2021 classification of brain tumors. First described in 2016, these morphologically variable tumors are characterized by oligodendroglioma-like cellular components, infiltrative growth patterns, and cluster of differentiation 34 immunopositivity. A literature search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, and COCHRANE databases (from inception to 20th June 2022) was carried out to identify relevant studies. To identify additional studies, we performed a recursive search of the bibliographies of the selected articles and published systematic reviews on this topic. The search yielded a total of 64 results. After removing duplicates, 26 articles were eligible for the review. The diagnostic criteria for these glioneuronal variants, representing a broad neuropathological spectrum, are not distinct and hence impede proper diagnosis and prognosis. Frequent genetic abnormalities involving mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway constituents, such as B-Raf proto-oncogene or fibroblast growth receptor 2/3, are harbored by PLNTYs. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have resulted in more accurate tumor classification systems, based on gene expression profiles and DNA methylation patterns. Gross total resection seems curative, with a low recurrence rate. Malignant transformation is rare; however, adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be beneficial in selected cases.
Postpartum Hemorrhage after Vaginal Delivery Is Associated with a Decrease in Immediate Breastfeeding Success
Authors: Roig Jacqueline , Rekawek Patricia , Doctor Tahera , Naert Mackenzie N. , Cadet Julie , Monro Johanna , Stone Joanne L. , Liu Lilly Y. 
Published: May 2024

Objective This study aimed to identify the impact of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) after vaginal delivery on immediate breastfeeding success.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study examining the impact of PPH on breastfeeding for nulliparous patients after term, singleton, vaginal deliveries at a large academic institution from 2017 to 2018. Indicators of successful breastfeeding in the immediate postpartum period were measured by the presence of breastfeeding, the need for formula supplementation, the average number of breastfeeding sessions per day, the average amount of time spent at each breastfeeding session, the average number of newborn stools and wet diapers produced daily, and the neonatal percentage in weight loss over the first 2 to 3 days of life.
Results A total of 1,904 women met inclusion criteria during the study period, 262 (13.8%) of whom experienced PPH, defined as an estimated blood loss of 500 mL or greater after vaginal delivery. Women who had a PPH had significantly fewer breastfeeding sessions on average (β = −0.06, p-value 0.01) and required more time at each breastfeeding session (β = 0.08, p-value <0.002). Neonates of women with PPH had a larger percentage in weight loss over the first 2 to 3 days of life compared with those without PPH (β = 0.06, p = 0.008).
Conclusion Women who experience PPH after vaginal delivery have a decreased number of breastfeeding sessions despite spending more time trying to breastfeed, and an increased percentage in neonatal weight loss over the first 2 to 3 days of life. Further work is needed to elicit the mechanism behind this association; however, it is possible that PPH results in decreased secretion of endogenous oxytocin from the hypothalamic–pituitary axis as a result of hypovolemia. These women may therefore require additional breastfeeding support for successful breastfeeding initiation in the immediate postpartum period.
Key Points
Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Pediatric Encephalitis in Thailand
Authors: Saengow Vitchayaporn Emarach , Praphaphanthasak Natnicha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEncephalitis, a severe central nervous system infection, poses significant morbidity and mortality risks. Etiologically, this condition can arise from infections or immune-mediated mechanisms, with varying causative agents across regions. Despite limited studies on pediatric encephalitis in Thailand, our retrospective cohort study aimed to discern the characteristics, outcomes, and prognostic factors influencing clinical results. We examined patients under 15 years of age admitted to Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2022, recording baseline data encompassing clinical manifestations, etiology, investigations, and treatments. The study defined outcomes in terms of morbidity, subsequent epilepsy incidence, and mortality rates evaluated via the modified Rankin Scale. Among 183 enrolled patients (age range 5 days to 15 years, mean age 7.4 years), males comprised 54.1%. Viral encephalitis (35.52%) and immune-mediated encephalitis (22.4%) emerged as the prevailing etiologies, with herpes simplex, dengue, and influenza virus as prominent viral pathogens. Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartame receptor encephalitis (56.1%) led among immune-mediated cases. Initially, 94.53% of patients displayed moderate-to-severe disability, while 45.7% exhibited clinical improvement within 6 months. Subsequent epilepsy ensued in 38.8% of cases, with an overall mortality rate of 19%, notably higher in viral encephalitis instances. Our findings underscore a predilection for viral pathogens in pediatric encephalitis cases, contributing to inferior prognoses. This study accentuates the necessity of understanding etiological patterns and prognostic markers to enhance clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population segment.
Collision Tumor Composed of Nonfunctioning Pituitary Adenoma and Meningioma in the Sellar Region: Report of a Case and Literature Review
Authors: Baldawa Sachin , Raikhailkar Abhay 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background The coexistence of two histologically distinct neoplasms in the same area without histological admixture or an intermediate cell population zone represents a rare tumor type called collision tumor. Collision tumor of pituitary adenoma and meningioma has been reported years later following irradiation to pituitary adenoma. However, collision tumor of pituitary adenoma and meningioma in absence of irradiation therapy is extremely uncommon.
Case Description We report an unusual case of collision tumor involving diaphragma sella meningioma and pituitary adenoma in a 50-year-old lady without prior radiation therapy. She presented with visual blurring and impaired field of vision. Her preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was suggestive of pituitary adenoma. Total excision of the lesion was performed through endoscopic transsphenoidal route. Histological diagnosis was consistent with collision tumor of pituitary adenoma and meningioma.
Conclusion Collision tumor comprising of nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma and meningioma is extremely rare. Preoperative MRI may not always be able to distinguish these histologically distinct neoplasms. Hence, histopathological examination is necessary to establish the diagnosis. Endoscopic transsphenoidal approach may suffice in excision of these collision tumors. Close follow-up is necessary to detect tumor recurrence. Though the association of these tumors can be coincidental, casual relationship between the occurrence of collision tumors cannot be totally excluded.
Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ulnar Impaction Syndrome (2024)
Authors: Xu Wendong , Ho Pak Cheong , Nakamura Toshiyasu , Ecker Jeffrey Oscar , Fujio Keiji , Lee Joo Yup , Chen Shanlin , Koo Siu Cheong Jeffrey Justin , Chan Ping Tak , Chin Andrew Yuan Hui , Lee Young Kuen , Shih Jui Tien , Tse Wing Lim , Wahegaonkar Abhijeet L. , Chen Yaolong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Ulnar impaction syndrome (UIS), also known as ulnar impaction or ulnar abutment, is a degenerative condition causing pain on the ulnar side of the wrist. It can lead to wrist bone necrosis, resulting in wrist joint stability disruption and a significant wrist function impairment. The global understanding of this condition varies, contributing to substantial differences in clinical outcomes.
Purposes This paper underscores the necessity of developing evidence-based clinical guidelines for UIS to guide clinicians in their diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.
Materials and Methods In collaboration with the Asian Pacific Wrist Association, a team of experts from various fields within the Hand Surgery Department at Huashan Hospital has collectively formulated the “Clinical Practice Guidelines for Ulnar Impaction Syndrome (2024)” (hereinafter referred to as the “Guidelines”). The development process adhered to the guidelines outlined in the World Health Organization's handbook for guideline development.
Results Ten key questions and 21 recommendations are formed. The Guidelines provide recommendations for UIS diagnosis, criteria for selecting conservative or surgical interventions, options for surgical procedures, and address various related issues.
Conclusions The collaborative effort aims to standardize clinical practices, enhance diagnostic accuracy, and improve treatment outcomes for individuals affected by UIS, with these recommendations intended to serve as a valuable reference for healthcare professionals.
2023 Undetectable = Untransmittable global policy roundtable report: a multistakeholder perspective on Undetectable = Untransmittable research and policy priorities
Authors: Wells N. , Richman B. , Grace D. , Riley B. , Hui C. , Vojnov L. , Stackpool-Moore L. , Ong J. J. , Dowell-Day A. , Allan B. 
Published: May 2024

Background Launched in 2016 by Prevention Access Campaign, the ‘Undetectable = Untransmittable’ (U=U) campaign empowers people living with HIV to live full social, sexual and reproductive lives, dismantle stigma, promote increased treatment access, and advocate for updated HIV guidelines. Methods Key priorities for promoting improvements to community-centred, evidence-informed U=U policy and research were the focus of a half-day global roundtable held in 2023 alongside the 12th International AIDS Society Conference in Brisbane, Australia. After a series of presentations, experts in U=U research, policymaking, advocacy and HIV clinical care participated in facilitated discussions, and detailed notes were taken on issues related to advancing U=U policy and research. Results Expert participants shared that knowledge and trust in U=U remains uneven, and is largely concentrated among people living with HIV, particularly those connected to gay and bisexual networks. It was agreed that there is a need to ensure all members of priority populations are explicitly included in U=U policies that promote U=U. Participants also identified a need for policymakers, healthcare professionals, advocates and researchers to work closely with community-based organisations to ensure the U=U message is relevant, useful, and utilised in the HIV response. Adopting language, such as ‘zero risk’, was identified as crucial when describing undetectable viral load as an effective HIV prevention strategy. Conclusion U=U can have significant benefits for the mental and physical wellbeing of people living with HIV. There is an urgent need to address the structural barriers to HIV care and treatment access to ensure the full benefits of U=U are realised.
Impact of Exponential Heat Source and Thermal Radiation on the flow of Hybrid Nanofluid across a Bi-Directional Stretching Surface with Activation Energy
Authors: Narayana Naik Rajavath , Suneetha S. , Srinivasa Babu K.S. , Jayachandra Babu M. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The study focuses on how activation energy and exponential heat source affects the radiative motion of a hybrid nanofluid (EG + ZnO + TiO
2) over a bidirectional elongating sheet. Convective boundary condition is assumed. The bvp4c, an inherent function in MATLAB, is used to unravel the altered system deduced from those equations which describe the current work in the two scenarios, i.e., binary (EG + ZnO + TiO
2) and mono (EG + ZnO) nanofluids. Added a little quantitative discussion regarding engineering parameters including Sherwood number. The most notable findings from this study are mentioned here. Enhanced volume fraction of ZnO lessens the fluid velocity and increasing heat source parameter step-up the fluid temperature. It was noticed that with a raise in magnetic field and the volume fraction of ZnO lessens the friction factor. The rate of mass transfer is lowered with the enhanced activation energy parameter and the same enhances as the reaction rate parameter is amplified. The increment quantities in the Sherwood number against the reaction rate parameter (Γ) are 0.35151 (EG + ZnO + TiO
2) and 0.35125 (EG + ZnO), when Γ is set to 0 ≤ Γ ≤ 0.9. Furthermore, the decrement rates in mass transfer rate against the activation parameter (En
) are observed as 0.02681 (EG + ZnO + TiO
2) and 0.02687 (EG + ZnO), when En
is set to 0 ≤ En
≤ 2.5. It is detected that there is an amelioration in the heat transmission rate with the raise in Biot number (Bi). It has been noticed that, when Bi fixed to be 0 ≤ Bi ≤ 0.8, Nusselt number is lowered by 0.736332 (EG + ZnO + TiO
2) and 0.621826 (EG + ZnO). Our findings are checked against previous findings for validity. A reasonable compromise has been uncovered.