bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA bmo‐miR‐31‐5p inhibits apoptosis and promotes BmNPV proliferation by targeting the CYP9e2 gene of Bombyx mori
Authors: Yang Wen‐Yu , Liu Zhen‐Ye , Zhu Yan , Xiao Yu , Xiao Wen‐Fu , Tang Liang , Dong Zhan‐Qi , Pan Min‐Hui , Lu Cheng , Chen Peng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDBombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV), as a typical baculovirus, is the primary pathogen that infects the silkworm B. mori, a lepidopteran species. Owing to the high biological safety of BmNPV in infecting insects, it is commonly utilized as a biological insecticide for pest control. Apoptosis is important in the interaction between the host and pathogenic microorganisms. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) influence immune responses and promote stability of the immune system via apoptosis. Therefore, the study of apoptosis‐related miRNA in silkworms during virus infection can not only provide support for standardizing the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, but also reduce the economic losses to sericulture caused by the misuse of biological pesticides.RESULTSThrough transcriptome sequencing, we identified a miRNA, miR‐31‐5p, and demonstrated that it can inhibit apoptosis in silkworm cells and promote the proliferation of BmNPV in BmE‐SWU1 cells. We identified a target gene of miR‐31‐5p, B. mori cytochrome P450 9e2 (BmCYP9e2), and demonstrated that it can promote apoptosis in silkworm cells and inhibit the proliferation of BmNPV. Moreover, we constructed transgenic silkworm strains with miR‐31‐5p knockout and confirmed that they can inhibit the proliferation of BmNPV.CONCLUSIONThese data indicate that miR‐31‐5p may exert functions of inhibiting apoptosis and promoting virus proliferation by regulating BmCYP9e2. The findings demonstrate how miRNAs influence host cell apoptosis and how they are involved in the host immune system response to viruses, providing important insights into the applications of biological insecticides for pest control. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Enhancing Package Ergonomics for Arthritis Consumers: A Case Study
Authors: Reese Perian , Hurley R. Andrew , Cavender George A. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBecause arthritis and limited dexterity affect at least 25% of the US adult population (1) and these issues can make packaging more difficult to open, there has been an overall increase in interest about inclusive packaging (2). Inclusive packaging is designed to ensure that the largest number of consumers possible will be able to open a package without serious difficulty. When designing for those with arthritis, testing is often done using simulation technologies that impair hand and joint movements, such as the Cambridge Simulation Gloves (CSG). However, not all packages have been evaluated for inclusive design, and as such, the goal of this study was to use CSG to evaluate several representative packages currently in the marketplace for inclusivity and to redesign the one deemed most challenging for those with impaired dexterity. The study evaluated product packages that were deemed non‐inclusive, identified common trends between these products, including the necessity for fine finger movements, existence of small gripping areas, and opening mechanisms with little clearance between the two surfaces. Of the products examined, a common aspirin package, was found to be the most difficult to open—it was nearly impossible to lift the seal while wearing the CSG and the package required the most time to open. As such, this product was selected to undergo redesign, and this redesign focused on the tamper evident induction seal. The redesign process involved prototyping an included finger loop and then testing the prototypes using the CSG. This led to a final design consisting of a loop attached to the induction seal, which was then tested with the CSG to evaluate its effectiveness. This study shows the utility of incorporating the CSG into the preliminary design process as opposed to only at the final test of the product. Furthermore, the findings of the study strongly suggest that in designing inclusive packaging for those with limited dexterity, decreasing the required fine finger and joint movements and increasing the gripping areas, especially those involved in the opening mechanism of the package, are the most useful changes to make.
Dissipative imitation learning for discrete dynamic output feedback control with sparse data sets
Authors: Strong Amy K. , LoCicero Ethan J. , Bridgeman Leila J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractImitation learning enables synthesis of controllers for systems with complex objectives and uncertain plant models. However, ensuring an imitation learned controller is stable requires copious amounts of data and/or a known plant model. In this paper, we explore an input–output (IO) stability approach to imitation learning, which achieves stability with sparse data sets while only requiring coarse knowledge of the energy characteristics of the plant. A constrained optimization problem is developed, in which the controller learns to mimic expert data while maintaining stabilizing energy characteristics induced by the plant. While the learning objective is nonconvex, iterative convex overbounding (ICO) and projected gradient descent (PGD) are explored as methods to learn the controller. In numerical examples, it is shown that with little knowledge of the plant model and a small data set, the dissipativity constrained learned controller achieves closed loop stability and successfully mimics the behavior of the expert controller, while other methods often fail to maintain stability and achieve good performance.
Generative AI and simulation modeling: how should you (not) use large language models like ChatGPT
Authors: Akhavan Ali , Jalali Mohammad S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenerative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, such as Large Language Models (LLMs) and chatbots like ChatGPT, hold promise for advancing simulation modeling. Despite their growing prominence and associated debates, there remains a gap in comprehending the potential of generative AI in this field and a lack of guidelines for its effective deployment. This article endeavors to bridge these gaps. We discuss the applications of ChatGPT through an example of modeling COVID‐19's impact on economic growth in the United States. However, our guidelines are generic and can be applied to a broader range of generative AI tools. Our work presents a systematic approach for integrating generative AI across the simulation research continuum, from problem articulation to insight derivation and documentation, independent of the specific simulation modeling method. We emphasize while these tools offer enhancements in refining ideas and expediting processes, they should complement rather than replace critical thinking inherent to research. © 2024 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
Work Function Tuning of Carbon Electrode to Boost the Charge Extraction in Hole Transport Layer‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Gou Yanzhuo , Zhang Jiayi , Jin Bowen , Dai Weideren , Zhang Wei , Chen Chang , Lin Liangyou , Wang Xianbao , Tai Qidong , Li Jinhua 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cell (PSC) is a promising photovoltaic technology that achieves over 26% power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the high materials costs, complicated fabrication process, as well as poor long‐term stability, are stumbling blocks for the commercialization of the PSCs in normal structures. The hole transport layer (HTL)‐free carbon‐based PSCs (C‐PSCs) are expected to overcome these challenges. However, C‐PSCs have suffered from relatively low PCE due to severe energy loss at the perovskite/carbon interface. Herein, the study proposes to boost the hole extraction capability of carbon electrode by incorporating functional manganese (II III) oxide (Mn3O4). It is found that the work function (WF) of the carbon electrode can be finely tuned with different amounts of Mn3O4 addition, thus the interfacial charge transfer efficiency can be maximized. Besides, the mechanical properties of carbon electrode can also be strengthened. Finally, a PCE of 19.03% is achieved. Moreover, the device retains 90% of its initial PCE after 2000 h of storage. This study offers a feasible strategy for fabricating efficient paintable HTL‐free C‐PSCs.
Equally Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Fabricated via N‐Ethyl‐2‐Pyrrolidone Optimized Vacuum‐Flash
Authors: Xu Yibo , Zhou Chenguang , Li Xinzhu , Du Kaihuai , Li Yue , Dong Xu , Yuan Ningyi , Li Lvzhou , Ding Jianning 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEfficiency reduction in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) during the magnification procedure significantly hampers commercialization. Vacuum‐flash (VF) has emerged as a promising method to fabricate PSCs with consistent efficiency across scales. However, the slower solvent removal rate of VF compared to the anti‐solvent method leads to perovskite films with buried defects. Thus, this work employs low‐toxic Lewis base ligand solvent N‐ethyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NEP) to improve the nucleation process of perovskite films. NEP, with a mechanism similar to that of N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone in FA‐based perovskite formation, enhances the solvent removal speed owing to its lower coordination ability. Based on this strategy, p–i–n PSCs with an optimized interface attain a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.19% on an area of 0.08 cm2. The same nucleation process enables perovskite solar modules (PSMs) to achieve a certified PCE of 23.28% on an aperture area of 22.96 cm2, with a high geometric fill factor of 97%, ensuring nearly identical active area PCE (24%) in PSMs as in PSCs. This strategy highlights the potential of NEP as a ligand solvent choice for the commercialization of PSCs.
A Simple and Promising Prediction Model to Analyze the Optical Properties of Organic Photovoltaic Materials
Authors: Zhong Sijing , Hsu Wenhao , Chen Han , Yang Tao , Yi Jinglin , Zhu Chunguang , Yin Sen , Li Zeqi , Gao Liang , Lin Jiaping , Ying Lei , Li Ning 
Published: May 2024

Optimizing light utilization is crucial in organic photovoltaics. Understanding the intricate connection between the optical properties and the chemical structure of organic materials is pivotal yet challenging in this regard. Herein, over 2800 published reports with a database of ≈300 organic non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) are surveyed and a mathematical model suitable for predicting and analyzing the optical properties of organic photovoltaic materials is established. The model is used to predict the optical properties of representative NFAs within experimental error, including four newly synthesized organic materials to validate the model. In addition, the reliability and applicability of the model through data transformation are demonstrated and it is found that the addition of double bonds and asymmetry in the chemical structure does not necessarily reduce the optical bandgap of organic materials. Based on the model, the strong noncovalent interaction is more significant than the weak noncovalent interaction and asymmetry on the reduction of the bandgap, which provides new insights into the design and development of organic photovoltaic materials with tunable optical properties.
Evaluation of cytotoxic effect of siphonochilone from African ginger: an in vitro analysis
Authors: Ortigosa‐Palomo Alba , Fuentes‐Ríos David , Quiñonero Francisco , Melguizo Consolación , Ortiz Raul , López‐Romero Juan M. , Prados Jose 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlants provide a wide array of compounds that can be explored for potential anticancer properties. Siphonochilone, a furanoterpene that represents one of the main components of the African plant Siphonochilus aethiopicus, shows numerous health benefits. However, to date, its antiproliferative properties have not been tested. The aim of this study was to analyze the cytotoxic effects of siphonochilone on a panel of cancer cell lines and its underlying mechanism of action. Our results demonstrated that siphonochilone exhibited significant cytotoxic effects on pancreatic, breast, lung, colon, and liver cancer cell lines showing a IC50 ranging from 22 to 124 μM at 72 h of treatment and highlighting its cytotoxic effect against MCF7 and PANC1 breast and pancreas cancer cell lines (22.03 and 39.03 μM, respectively). Cell death in these tumor lines was mediated by apoptosis by the mitochondrial pathway, as evidenced by siphonochilone‐induced depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, siphonochilone treatment involves the generation of reactive oxygen species that may contribute to apoptosis induction. In this work, we described for the first time the cytotoxic properties of siphonochilone and provided data about the molecular processes of cell death. Although future studies will be necessary, our results support the interest in this molecule in relation to their clinical application in cancer, and especially in breast and pancreatic cancer.
Multistep short‐term wind speed prediction with rank pooling and fast Fourier transformation
Authors: Shu Hailong , Song Weiwei , Song Zhen , Guo Huichuang , Li Chaoqun , Wang Yue 
Published: May 2024

AbstractShort‐term wind speed prediction is essential for economical wind power utilization. The real‐world wind speed data are typically intermittent and fluctuating, presenting great challenges to existing shallow models. In this paper, we present a novel deep hybrid model for multistep wind speed prediction, namely, LR‐FFT‐RP‐MLP/LSTM (linear fast Fourier transform rank pooling multiple‐layer perceptron/long short‐term memory). Our hybrid model processes the local and global input features simultaneously. We leverage RP for the local feature extraction to capture the temporal structure while maintaining the temporal order. Besides, to understand the wind periodic patterns, we exploit FFT to extract global features and relevant frequency components in the wind speed data. The resulting local and global features are, respectively, integrated with the original data and are fed into an MLP/LSTM layer for the initial wind speed predictions. Finally, we leverage a linear regression layer to collaborate these initial predictions to produce the final wind speed prediction. The proposed hybrid model is evaluated using real wind speed data collected from 2010 to 2020, demonstrating superior forecasting capabilities when compared with state‐of‐the‐art single and hybrid models. Overall, this study presents a promising approach for improving the accuracy of wind speed forecasting.
Gauge field fluctuation corrected QED3 effective action by fermionic particle-vortex duality
Authors: Hsiao Wei-Han 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a non-perturbative framework for incorporating gauge field fluctuations into effective actions of QED3 in the infrared using fermionic particle-vortex duality. This approach is demonstrated through the applications to models containing N species of 2-component Dirac fermions in solvable and interpretable electromagnetic backgrounds, focusing on N = 1 or 2. For the N = 1 model, we establish a correspondence between fermion Casimir energy at finite density and the magnetic Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian, and further evaluate the corrections to their amplitudes. This predicts amplification of charge susceptibility and reduction of magnetic permeability. We additionally provide physical interpretations for each component of our calculation and offer alternative derivations based on energy density measurements in different characteristic lengths. For N = 2, we show that magnetic catalysis is erased in a U(1) × U(1) QED3, indicating no breakdown of chiral symmetry. Reasoning is offered based on the properties of the lowest Landau level wave functions.
Undecay
Authors: Megías Eugenio , Pérez-Victoria Manuel , Quirós Mariano 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Unstable particles decay sooner or later, so they are not described by asymptotic one-particle states and they should not be included as independent states in unitarity relations such as the optical theorem. The same applies to any countable collection of unstable particles. We show that the behaviour of unparticle stuff, that is, a continuous collection of particles with different masses and common decay channels, is pretty different: it has a non-vanishing probability of surviving for ever and the corresponding asymptotic states must be taken into account to comply with unitarity. We also discuss compressed spectra and the transition from the discrete to the continuous case.
Einstein gravity with generalized cosmological term from five-dimensional AdS-Maxwell-Chern-Simons gravity
Authors: Avilés L. , Díaz J. , Peñafiel D.M. , Orozco V.C. , Salgado P. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Some time ago, the standard geometric framework of Einstein gravity was extended by gauging the Maxwell algebra as well as the so called AdS-Maxwell algebra. In this paper it is shown that the actions for these four-dimensional extended Einstein gravities can be obtained from the five-dimensional Chern-Simons gravities actions by using the Randall-Sundrum compactification procedure. It is found that the Inönü-Wigner contraction procedure, in the Weimar-Woods sense, can be used both to obtain the Maxwell-Chern-Simons action from the AdS-Maxwell-Chern-Simons action and to obtain the Maxwell extension of Einstein gravity in 4D from the four-dimensional extended AdS-Maxwell-Einstein-Hilbert action. It is also shown that the extended four-dimensional gravities belongs to the Horndeski family of scalar-tensor theories.
Lüscher equation with long-range forces
Authors: Bubna Rishabh , Hammer Hans-Werner , Müller Fabian , Pang Jin-Yi , Rusetsky Akaki , Wu Jia-Jun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We derive the modified Lüscher equation in the presence of the long-range force caused by the exchange of a light particle. It is shown that the use of this equation enables one to circumvent the problems related to the strong partial-wave mixing and the t-channel sub-threshold singularities. It is also demonstrated that the present method is intrinsically linked to the so-called modified effective-range expansion (MERE) in the infinite volume. A detailed comparison with the two recently proposed alternative approaches is provided.
On the Mass Transfer in the 3D Pitaevskii Model
Authors: Jang Juhi , Jayanti Pranava Chaitanya , Kukavica Igor 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe examine a micro-scale model of superfluidity derived by Pitaevskii (Sov. Phys. JETP 8:282-287, 1959) which describes the interacting dynamics between superfluid He-4 and its normal fluid phase. This system consists of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the incompressible, inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes equations, coupled to each other via a bidirectional nonlinear relaxation mechanism. The coupling permits mass/momentum/energy transfer between the phases, and accounts for the conversion of superfluid into normal fluid. We prove the existence of global weak solutions in $${\mathbb {T}}^3$$

T

3

for a power-type nonlinearity, beginning from small initial data. The main challenge is to control the inter-phase mass transfer in order to ensure the strict positivity of the normal fluid density, while obtaining time-independent a priori estimates.
RFX6 haploinsufficiency predisposes to diabetes through impaired beta cell function
Authors: Ibrahim Hazem , Balboa Diego , Saarimäki-Vire Jonna , Montaser Hossam , Dyachok Oleg , Lund Per-Eric , Omar-Hmeadi Muhmmad , Kvist Jouni , Dwivedi Om P. , Lithovius Väinö , Barsby Tom , Chandra Vikash , Eurola Solja , Ustinov Jarkko , Tuomi Tiinamaija , Miettinen Päivi J. , Barg Sebastian , Tengholm Anders , Otonkoski Timo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
Regulatory factor X 6 (RFX6) is crucial for pancreatic endocrine development and differentiation. The RFX6 variant p.His293LeufsTer7 is significantly enriched in the Finnish population, with almost 1:250 individuals as a carrier. Importantly, the FinnGen study indicates a high predisposition for heterozygous carriers to develop type 2 and gestational diabetes. However, the precise mechanism of this predisposition remains unknown.

Methods
To understand the role of this variant in beta cell development and function, we used CRISPR technology to generate allelic series of pluripotent stem cells. We created two isogenic stem cell models: a human embryonic stem cell model; and a patient-derived stem cell model. Both were differentiated into pancreatic islet lineages (stem-cell-derived islets, SC-islets), followed by implantation in immunocompromised NOD-SCID-Gamma mice.

Results
Stem cell models of the homozygous variant RFX6−/− predictably failed to generate insulin-secreting pancreatic beta cells, mirroring the phenotype observed in Mitchell–Riley syndrome. Notably, at the pancreatic endocrine stage, there was an upregulation of precursor markers NEUROG3 and SOX9, accompanied by increased apoptosis. Intriguingly, heterozygous RFX6+/− SC-islets exhibited RFX6 haploinsufficiency (54.2% reduction in protein expression), associated with reduced beta cell maturation markers, altered calcium signalling and impaired insulin secretion (62% and 54% reduction in basal and high glucose conditions, respectively). However, RFX6 haploinsufficiency did not have an impact on beta cell number or insulin content. The reduced insulin secretion persisted after in vivo implantation in mice, aligning with the increased risk of variant carriers to develop diabetes.

Conclusions/interpretation
Our allelic series isogenic SC-islet models represent a powerful tool to elucidate specific aetiologies of diabetes in humans, enabling the sensitive detection of aberrations in both beta cell development and function. We highlight the critical role of RFX6 in augmenting and maintaining the pancreatic progenitor pool, with an endocrine roadblock and increased cell death upon its loss. We demonstrate that RFX6 haploinsufficiency does not affect beta cell number or insulin content but does impair function, predisposing heterozygous carriers of loss-of-function variants to diabetes.

Data availability
Ultra-deep bulk RNA-seq data for pancreatic differentiation stages 3, 5 and 7 of H1 RFX6 genotypes are deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus database with accession code GSE234289. Original western blot images are deposited at Mendeley (https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/g75drr3mgw/2).

Graphical Abstract
Finitely additive behavioral strategies: when do they induce an unambiguous expected payoff?
Authors: Flesch János , Vermeulen Dries , Zseleva Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe examine infinite horizon decision problems with arbitrary bounded payoff functions in which the decision maker uses finitely additive behavioral strategies. Since we only assume that the payoff function is bounded, it is well-known that these behavioral strategies generally do not induce unambiguously defined expected payoffs. Consequently, it is not clear how to compare behavioral strategies and define optimality. We address this problem by finding conditions on the payoff function that guarantee an unambiguous expected payoff regardless of which behavioral strategy the decision maker uses. To this end, we systematically consider various alternatives proposed in the literature on how to define the finitely additive probability measure on the set of infinite plays induced by a behavioral strategy.