bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-vitro evaluation of fracture resistance of teeth restored with different high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative materials and bulk-fill composite resins
Authors: Nezir Merve , Ozcan Suat 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of restorations made with a glass-hybrid restorative system (GHRS), a high-viscosity glass ionomer restorative material (HVGIC), a high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin (HVB), a flowable bulk-fill composite resin (FB), and a nanohybrid composite resin (NH), which are commonly preferred in clinical applications on the fracture resistance of teeth in-vitro.

Materials and methods
One hundred intact human premolar teeth were included in the study. The teeth were randomly divided into ten groups (n = 10). No treatment was applied to the teeth in Control group. Class II cavities were prepared on the mesial surfaces of the remaining ninety teeth in other groups. For restoration of the teeth, a GHRS, a HVGIC, a HVB, a FB, and a NH were used. Additionally, in four groups, teeth were restored using NH, GHRS, and HVGIC with open and closed-sandwich techniques. After 24 h, fracture resistance testing was performed. One-way ANOVA and Tukey HDS tests were used for statistical analysis of the data.

Results
The fracture resistance values of Control group were statistically significantly higher than those of GHRS, HVGIC, FB, NH, HVGIC-CS, GHRS-OS, and HVGIC-OS groups(p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference observed between the fracture resistance values of Control, HVB, and GHRS-CS groups (p > 0.05).

Conclusion
It can be concluded that the use of HVB and the application of GHRS with a closed-sandwich technique may have a positive effect on the fracture resistance of teeth in the restoration of wide Class II cavities.

Clinical relevance
The use of high-viscosity bulk-fill composite resin and the application of glass-hybrid restorative system with the closed-sandwich technique in the restoration of teeth with wide Class II cavities could increase the fracture resistance of the teeth.
Outcomes of 23 patients diagnosed with New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infection treated with ceftazidime/avibactam and aztreonam at a single center in Poland
Authors: Guzek Aneta , Rybicki Zbigniew , Tomaszewski Dariusz , Mackiewicz Katarzyna , Piechota Wiesław , Chciałowski Andrzej 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Amongst all etiologic hospital-acquired infection factors, K. pneumoniae strains producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (KP-NDM) belong to pathogens with the most effective antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Clinical guidelines recommend using ceftazidime/avibactam with aztreonam (CZA + AT) as the preferred option for NDM-producing Enterobacterales. However, the number of observations on such treatment regimen is limited. This retrospective study reports the clinical and microbiological outcomes of 23 patients with KP-NDM hospital-acquired infection treated with CZA + AT at a single center in Poland.

Methods
The isolates were derived from the urine, lungs, blood, peritoneal cavity, wounds, and peritonsillar abscess. In microbiological analysis, mass spectrometry for pathogen identification, polymerase chain reaction, or an immunochromatographic assay for detection of carbapenemase, as well as VITEK-2 system, broth microdilution, and microdilution in agar method for antimicrobial susceptibility tests were used, depending of the pathogens’ nature. CZA was administered intravenously (IV) at 2.5 g every eight hours in patients with normal kidney function, and aztreonam was administered at 2 g every eight hours IV. Such dosage was modified when renal function was reduced.

Results
KP-NDM was eradicated in all cases. Four patients (17.4%) died: three of them had a neoplastic disease, and one - a COVID-19 infection.

Conclusion
The combination of CZA + AT is a safe and effective therapy for infections caused by KP-NDM, both at the clinical and microbiological levels. The synergistic action of all compounds resulted in a good agreement between the clinical efficacy of CZA + AT and the results of in vitro susceptibility testing.
A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of polyamide-starch biocomposites: carbon footprint as an indicator of sustainability
Authors: Äkräs Laura , Silvenius Frans , Baniasadi Hossein , Vahvaselkä Marjatta , Ilvesniemi Hannu , Seppälä Jukka 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccelerating climate change poses an alarming global issue, demanding a range of prompt and effective solutions. In response, bio-based plastics and biocomposites have emerged as extensively researched alternatives to combat the environmental threats posed by a warming climate. In this context, the present paper presents a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment of a newly developed polyamide-starch biocomposite, with varying content of potato starch as the biofiller (ranging from 0 to 70 wt%). The primary aim was to quantitatively measure the total carbon footprint of the selected biocomposite. The results indicated that the progressive addition of potato starch as the biofiller into the copolyamide matrix significantly reduced the total carbon footprint of the biocomposite, achieving a maximum reduction of 42–43% with the highest starch content of 70 wt%. Moreover, the newly developed polyamide-starch biocomposite demonstrated excellent performance compared to reference fossil-based polyamides of polyamide 6 (PA6), polyamide 12 (PA12), and polyamide 6.6 (PA6.6), as well as composites of PA610/80 wt% polylactic acid modified by reactive extrusion (REX-PLA) and PA40/30 wt% glass fibers, with carbon footprint reductions of 29, 39, 42, 59, and 79%, respectively. Based on these findings, the polyamide-starch biocomposite, especially with the highest content of potato starch (70 wt%), exhibits significant potential as a new material solution to reduce the carbon footprint of several existing fossil- and bio-based polyamides together with polyamide-based composites. In doing so, it contributes to advancing the development of a more climate-friendly future for plastics through reductions in their carbon footprints.
Graphical abstract
Neither Parents’ Sex Nor the Type of Family Modulates Attentional Bias Toward Infant Faces: A Preliminary Study in Different-Sex and Same-Sex Parents
Authors: Gemignani Micol , Giannotti Michele , Rigo Paola , Venuti Paola , de Falco Simona 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAn attentional bias toward infant versus adult faces has been detected in parents and positively associated with sensitive caregiving behaviors. In previous research, the attentional bias has been measured as the difference in attention, in terms of reaction times, captured by infant versus adult faces; the larger the difference, the greater the cognitive engagement that adults deployed to infant faces. However, research so far has been mostly confined to samples of mothers, who have been more represented than fathers. Moreover, new family forms, especially same-sex families of men, have been left out of research. To clarify potential sex differences and extend previous findings to diverse family forms, we implemented a modified Go/no-Go attentional task measuring attentional bias to infant faces in parents with children aged from 2 to 36 months. The sample (N = 86) was matched and included 22 fathers and 22 mothers from different-sex families and 20 fathers and 22 mothers from same-sex families. Overall, the results confirmed that infant faces induced a greater attentional bias compared to adult faces. Moreover, we found that neither the type of family nor parents’ sex modulated the attentional bias toward infant faces. The findings are discussed in relation to the importance of understanding the correlates of parental response to infant cues going beyond a heteronormative perspective on parenting.
How did COVID affect savings and wealth? An empirical study in South Africa
Authors: Jansen Amy , Lensink Robert 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBy using a unique dataset of more than 20,000 individuals with savings accounts from August 2019 to October 2020 in South Africa, this paper examines how the COVID crisis has affected savings behavior, and by affecting savings, impacted wealth inequality. We find that while COVID increased savings on average, the increase in average savings is due to a small group of higher income savers which substantially increased their savings, while a large group stopped saving.
Ca2+-dependent thermal sensitivity of bacterial MreB assemblies
Authors: Szatmári Dávid , Lőrinczy Dénes 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the bacterial cells, the actin homolog MreB manages the cellular motions and morphology. MreB polymers are important for cell-wall growing and cell shape determination. Fluorescence microscopy studies investigated that in bacterial cells the MreB polymer forms ribbon-like structures that likely helical nearby of the cell wall at the periphery of the cell. As we presented earlier, the thermal motion of the ribbon-like MreB polymers was slowed down by the addition of millimolar Ca2+. The rapid Ca2+ depletion, via EGTA treatment, reordered the polymers into extensive sheets in the presence of magnesium, and further treatment with calcium led to fissured monolayer sheets and the dissociation of filaments into web-like structures which attached to the glass surface. The heat denaturation of MreB assemblies, under varying Ca2+ concentrations, was investigated by DSC, and the Ca2+-dependent MreB polymer rearrangement rates were assessed by isoperibol calorimetry. Here, we measured Ca2+-dependent thermodynamics of prokaryotic MreB assemblies. Under high ionic strength, the MreB polymers show multiple thermal components around 60 °C and 82 °C, generated by less and more stable structures. MreB polymers with a relatively slow exothermic kinetics turned to be more stable due to adding millimolar Ca2+. However, changing the calcium concentration from micromolar to nanomolar and subsequently recovered it to micromolar initialized endothermic remodeling of MreB assemblies and the majority of them showed higher stability than before the treatment. Presumably, the final cell shape depends on the assembling of MreB polymers and the ionic milieu. Calcium concentration-induced changes of MreB structure makes sense in membrane remodeling during prokaryotic cell division or osmotic adaptation.
Relative effects of arable land-use, farming system and agri-environment schemes on landscape-scale farmland bird assemblages
Authors: Bosco Laura , Lehikoinen Aleksi , Piha Markus , Seimola Tuomas , Tiainen Juha , Ekroos Johan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Context
Farmland biodiversity has been declining because of agricultural intensification and landscape simplification. Many farmland birds breeding in non-crop habitats use arable land as their feeding habitat (and vice versa) and understanding habitat composition and configuration at the landscape scale is important for their conservation.

Objectives
We explored the relationship between farmland bird densities and land-use characteristics at a landscape-scale (mean size 235 ha) to reveal the most important land-use elements driving avian farmland abundance.

Methods
We used bird territory mapping from 36 study landscapes across Finland to study relationships between densities of total farmland birds, open field species, edge species, farmyard species, and Farmland Bird Indicator (FBI) species, and multiple descriptors of the composition and configuration of the study landscape mosaics, reflecting the full range of available crop types, farmland structures, non-crop habitat types, and soil type.

Results
Densities of farmland birds increased with greater areas of leys and pastures, subsidized grasslands, habitat diversity, and farmyards with animals, and those effects were consistently stronger compared to effects of non-crop habitats. Positive effects of the relative area of leys and pastures in the landscape was most often consistent in the species-specific models, whereas species-level responses to other landscape characteristics were idiosyncratic, reflecting the variety of the species’ ecologies and habitat requirements.

Conclusions
We demonstrate that overall habitat diversity, and habitat elements like subsidized grasslands, pastures, and farmsteads with animal production support higher bird diversity at the level of landscape mosaics. Our results suggest that studies based on field-scale study units need to be complemented with landscape-scale studies to reveal a holistic understanding of land-use intervention impacts on farmland birds.
Probabilistic grammars for modeling dynamical systems from coarse, noisy, and partial data
Authors: Omejc Nina , Gec Boštjan , Brence Jure , Todorovski Ljupčo , Džeroski Sašo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrdinary differential equations (ODEs) are a widely used formalism for the mathematical modeling of dynamical systems, a task omnipresent in scientific domains. The paper introduces a novel method for inferring ODEs from data, which extends ProGED, a method for equation discovery that allows users to formalize domain-specific knowledge as probabilistic context-free grammars and use it for constraining the space of candidate equations. The extended method can discover ODEs from partial observations of dynamical systems, where only a subset of state variables can be observed. To evaluate the performance of the newly proposed method, we perform a systematic empirical comparison with alternative state-of-the-art methods for equation discovery and system identification from complete and partial observations. The comparison uses Dynobench, a set of ten dynamical systems that extends the standard Strogatz benchmark. We compare the ability of the considered methods to reconstruct the known ODEs from synthetic data simulated at different temporal resolutions. We also consider data with different levels of noise, i.e., signal-to-noise ratios. The improved ProGED compares favourably to state-of-the-art methods for inferring ODEs from data regarding reconstruction abilities and robustness to data coarseness, noise, and completeness.
Exploiting residual errors in nonlinear online prediction
Authors: Ilhan Emirhan , Koc Ahmet B. , Kozat Suleyman S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe introduce a novel online (or sequential) nonlinear prediction approach that incorporates the residuals, i.e., prediction errors in the past observations, as additional features for the current data. Including the past error terms in an online prediction algorithm naturally improves prediction performance significantly since this information is essential for an algorithm to adjust itself based on its past errors. These terms are well exploited in many linear statistical models such as ARMA, SES, and Holts-Winters models. However, the past error terms are rarely or in a certain sense not optimally exploited in nonlinear prediction models since training them requires complex nonlinear state-space modeling. To this end, for the first time in the literature, we introduce a nonlinear prediction framework that utilizes not only the current features but also the past error terms as additional features, thereby exploiting the residual state information in the error terms, i.e., the model’s performance on the past samples. Since the new feature vectors contain error terms that change with every update, our algorithm jointly optimizes the model parameters and the feature vectors simultaneously. We achieve this by introducing new update equations that handle the effects resulting from the changes in the feature vectors in an online manner. We use soft decision trees and neural networks as the nonlinear prediction algorithms since these are the most widely used methods in highly publicized competitions. However, as we show, our methods are generic and any algorithm supporting gradient calculations can be straightforwardly used. We show through our experiments on the well-known real-life competition datasets that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art. We also provide the implementation of our approach including the source code to facilitate reproducibility (https://github.com/ahmetberkerkoc/SDT-ARMA).
Pure reaction automata
Authors: Ascone Rocco , Bernardini Giulia , Formenti Enrico , Leiter Francesco , Manzoni Luca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis work introduces the new class of pure reaction automata, as well as a new update manner, called maximal reactive manner, that can also be applied to standard reaction automata. Pure reaction automata differ from the standard model in that they don’t have permanence: the entities that are not consumed by the reactions happening at a certain state are not conserved in the result states. We prove that the set of languages accepted by the new class under the maximal reactive manner contains the set of languages accepted by standard reaction automata under the same manner or under the maximal parallel manner. We also prove that a strict subclass of pure reaction automata can compute any partial recursive function.
A Thematic Literature Review on International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS)
Authors: Scannell Sean , Tawiah Vincent 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper is a thematic review of the existing literature on International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) between 2000 and 2023. The review finds various advantages associated with the high adoption rates in the literature in the developed world. It also identified challenges associated with implementation and the effects of the cash-basis standard in developing countries. The study finds that uniform application may not be feasible at this stage of the diffusion process given the inherent limitations in developing countries. This review also provides a platform for identifying strands of the literature which have been underexplored and require further studies.
Lifespan regulation by targeting heme signaling in yeast
Authors: Patnaik Praveen K. , Nady Nour , Barlit Hanna , Gülhan Ali , Labunskyy Vyacheslav M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHeme is an essential prosthetic group that serves as a co-factor and a signaling molecule. Heme levels decline with age, and its deficiency is associated with multiple hallmarks of aging, including anemia, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress. Dysregulation of heme homeostasis has been also implicated in aging in model organisms suggesting that heme may play an evolutionarily conserved role in controlling lifespan. However, the underlying mechanisms and whether heme homeostasis can be targeted to promote healthy aging remain unclear. Here, we used Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model to investigate the role of heme in aging. For this, we have engineered a heme auxotrophic yeast strain expressing a plasma membrane-bound heme permease from Caenorhabditis elegans (ceHRG-4). This system can be used to control intracellular heme levels independently of the biosynthetic enzymes by manipulating heme concentration in the media. We observed that heme supplementation leads to a significant extension of yeast replicative lifespan. Our findings revealed that the effect of heme on lifespan is independent of the Hap4 transcription factor. Surprisingly, heme-supplemented cells had impaired growth on YPG medium, which requires mitochondrial respiration to be used, suggesting that these cells are respiratory deficient. Together, our results demonstrate that heme homeostasis is fundamentally important for aging biology, and manipulating heme levels can be used as a promising therapeutic target for promoting longevity.
RNA modifications in the progression of liver diseases: from fatty liver to cancer
Authors: Li Simiao , Mehal Wajahat Z. , Ouyang Xinshou 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a prominent global health concern associated with high risk of metabolic syndrome, and has impacted a substantial segment of the population. The disease spectrum ranges from simple fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is increasingly becoming a prevalent indication for liver transplantation. The existing therapeutic options for NAFLD, NASH, and HCC are limited, underscoring the urgent need for innovative treatment strategies. Insights into gene expression, particularly RNA modifications such as N6 methyladenosine (m6A), hold promising avenues for interventions. These modifications play integral roles in RNA metabolism and cellular functions, encompassing the entire NAFLD-NASH-HCC progression. This review will encompass recent insights on diverse RNA modifications, including m6A, pseudouridine (ψ), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), and 5-methylcytidine (m5C) across various RNA species. It will uncover their significance in crucial aspects such as steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and tumorigenesis. Furthermore, prospective research directions and therapeutic implications will be explored, advancing our comprehensive understanding of the intricate interconnected nature of these pathological conditions.
Changes in Symptoms and General Well-being After Reversal of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Questionnaire Survey
Authors: Gribsholt Sigrid B. , Madsen Lene R. , Poulsen Inge M. , Bruun Jens M. , Richelsen Bjørn 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
After Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), few patients develop severe complications, which ultimately may require reversal of RYGB. We aimed to examine the effect of reversal of RYGB on symptoms and well-being.

Materials and Methods
Via contact to medical and surgical departments treating patients with RYGB, we identified 18 patients, who had undergone reversal, 2009–2019. We conducted a Danish, nationwide questionnaire survey concerning symptoms before and after reversal of the RYGB including the patients’ own perceptions of their well-being.

Results
Fourteen patients responded to the questionnaire (86% female; median age at RYGB, 36.2 years [IQR, 30.9–38.6 years]). The median time from RYGB to reversal was 5.8 years (IQR, 5.1–7.5 years). After RYGB, 13 patients (93%) reported abdominal pain, while 12 patients still had abdominal pain after reversal. Six out of 11 patients (45%) reported complete remission of dumping/post-bariatric hypoglycemia (PBH) after reversal. Malabsorption disappeared in 10 out of 11 patients (90%). Reversal had minor effect on neuropathy. The median weight loss from RYGB was 61 kg (IQR, 56–75 kg), while the median weight regain after reversal was 30 kg (IQR, 13–46 kg). Regarding the well-being, 72 of the patients felt better or much better after reversal.

Conclusion
In total, 72% of the patients felt better or much better after reversal of RYGB, though some still had RYGB-related symptoms. The reversal relieved dumping/PBH and malabsorption, but not abdominal pain and neuropathy. Finally, half of the weight loss was regained after reversal. Reversal of RYGB may be an option in highly selected cases.

Graphical Abstract