bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trunk lean gait modification and knee joint load in people with medial knee osteoarthritis: The effect of varying trunk lean angles
Authors: Simic Milena , Hunt Michael A. , Bennell Kim L. , Hinman Rana S. , Wrigley Tim V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate whether increased lateral trunk lean toward the symptomatic lower extremity during gait in people with medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) immediately alters symptoms or medial knee load, as measured by the external knee adduction moment (KAM).MethodsParticipants with medial knee OA (n = 22) underwent 3‐dimensional gait analysis to measure KAM peaks (early and late stance) and KAM impulse. Following the analysis of natural gait, participants were trained to lean their trunk toward the symptomatic leg during ipsilateral stance over 3 randomly ordered conditions (6°, 9°, and 12° lean). A projection screen displayed real‐time trunk angles and target levels. Pain/discomfort in the knees, the hip, and the back were measured across conditions. Load‐modifying effects of increasing lean magnitudes were investigated using linear mixed models. Mediating effects of peak lean timing and participant characteristics (pain and malalignment) were evaluated.ResultsIncreased trunk lean reduced all KAM measures (P < 0.001), with larger lean angles achieving greater reductions. Efficacy of load reduction improved with later peak lean timing for all measures of the KAM. Participant characteristics did not mediate the effect of trunk lean on the KAM, and symptoms did not change across conditions (P > 0.05).ConclusionIncreased trunk lean reduced medial knee load in a dose‐response manner. Slightly later achievement of peak trunk lean improved the load‐modifying effect of this gait strategy. No immediate symptomatic changes were identified. Future research should determine if long‐term implementation of this gait strategy is feasible and whether it can modify disease symptoms and OA progression.
Anxiety and depressive symptoms and illness perceptions in psoriatic arthritis and associations with physical health‐related quality of life
Authors: Kotsis Konstantinos , Voulgari Paraskevi V. , Tsifetaki Niki , Machado Myrela O. , Carvalho André F. , Creed Francis , Drosos Alexandros A. , Hyphantis Thomas 
Published: May 2012

AbstractObjectiveSymptoms of psychological distress, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, and illness perceptions are important in determining outcome in patients with rheumatic disease. We aimed to compare psychological distress in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to test whether the association between psychological variables and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) was similar in the 2 forms of arthritis.MethodsIn 83 PsA patients and 199 RA patients, we used the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ‐9), the Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised, and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire to assess psychological variables and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Instrument, Short Form to assess HRQOL. We used hierarchical regression analysis to determine the associations between psychological variables and HRQOL after adjusting for demographic variables and disease parameters.ResultsThe prevalence of moderate to severe levels of depressive symptoms (PHQ‐9 score ≥10) was 21.7% in PsA patients, 25.1% in RA patients, and 36.7% in those PsA patients with polyarthritis. After adjustment for severity of disease and pain, anxiety (β = −0.28) and concern about bodily symptoms attributed to the illness (β = −0.33) were independent correlates of physical HRQOL in PsA. In RA, depressive symptoms (β = −0.29) and concern about the consequences of the arthritis (β = −0.27) were independent correlates of physical HRQOL.ConclusionThese findings suggest strongly that psychological factors are important correlates of HRQOL in PsA as well as in RA. Attention to patients' anxiety and their concern about numerous bodily symptoms attributed to the illness may enable rheumatologists to identify and manage treatable aspects of HRQOL in PsA.
Importance of Social Influence in Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Local Food: Are There Gender Differences?
Authors: Gracia Azucena , de Magistris Tiziana , Nayga Rodolfo M. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe authors assess consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for a local food product using an experimental auction. As local foods involve a social component, they aim also to test if social influence affects WTP for local foods and if the effects of social influence on WTP are different between men and women. They found that consumers are willing to pay a premium for the analyzed local food product. Moreover, social influence indeed affects WTP values, but the effects are different between men and women. Although social influence positively affects WTP for local foods for women, the effect is negative for men. The results have significant marketing and policy implications related to the promotion of local foods.
Emerging genetic patterns of the european neolithic: Perspectives from a late neolithic bell beaker burial site in Germany
Authors: Lee Esther J. , Makarewicz Cheryl , Renneberg Rebecca , Harder Melanie , Krause‐Kyora Ben , Müller Stephanie , Ostritz Sven , Fehren‐Schmitz Lars , Schreiber Stefan , Müller Johannes , von Wurmb‐Schwark Nicole , Nebel Almut 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe transition from hunting and gathering to agriculture in Europe is associated with demographic changes that may have shifted the human gene pool of the region as a result of an influx of Neolithic farmers from the Near East. However, the genetic composition of populations after the earliest Neolithic, when a diverse mosaic of societies that had been fully engaged in agriculture for some time appeared in central Europe, is poorly known. At this period during the Late Neolithic (ca. 2,800–2,000 BC), regionally distinctive burial patterns associated with two different cultural groups emerge, Bell Beaker and Corded Ware, and may reflect differences in how these societies were organized. Ancient DNA analyses of human remains from the Late Neolithic Bell Beaker site of Kromsdorf, Germany showed distinct mitochondrial haplotypes for six individuals, which were classified under the haplogroups I1, K1, T1, U2, U5, and W5, and two males were identified as belonging to the Y haplogroup R1b. In contrast to other Late Neolithic societies in Europe emphasizing maintenance of biological relatedness in mortuary contexts, the diversity of maternal haplotypes evident at Kromsdorf suggests that burial practices of Bell Beaker communities operated outside of social norms based on shared maternal lineages. Furthermore, our data, along with those from previous studies, indicate that modern U5‐lineages may have received little, if any, contribution from the Mesolithic or Neolithic mitochondrial gene pool. Am J Phys Anthropol 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable isotope evidence for sex‐ and status‐based variations in diet and life history at medieval Trino Vercellese, Italy
Authors: Reitsema Laurie J. , Vercellotti Giuseppe 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe medieval period in Europe was a time of unprecedented social complexity that affected human diet. The diets of certain subgroups—for example, children, women, and the poor—are chronically underrepresented in historical sources from the medieval period. To better understand diet and the distribution of foods during the medieval period, we investigated stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of 30 individuals from Trino Vercellese, Northern Italy (8th–13th c.). Specifically, we examined diet differences between subgroups (males and females, and high‐ and low‐status individuals), and diet change throughout the life course among these groups by comparing dentine and bone collagen. Our results show a diet based on terrestrial resources with input from C4plants, which could include proso and/or foxtail millet. Diets of low‐status males differ from those of females (both status groups) and of high‐status males. These differences develop in adulthood. Childhood diets are similar among the subgroups, but sex‐ and status‐based differences appear in adulthood. We discuss the possibility of cultural buffering and dietary selectivity of females and high‐status individuals. Am J Phys Anthropol 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Enantiomeric Natural Products: Occurrence and Biogenesis
Authors: Finefield Jennifer M. , Sherman David H. , Kreitman Martin , Williams Robert M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn nature, chiral natural products are usually produced in optically pure form—however, occasionally both enantiomers are formed. These enantiomeric natural products can arise from a single species or from different genera and/or species. Extensive research has been carried out over the years in an attempt to understand the biogenesis of naturally occurring enantiomers; however, many fascinating puzzles and stereochemical anomalies still remain.
Simulations of a full three‐dimensional packing process and flow‐induced stresses in injection molding
Authors: Li Xuejuan , Ouyang Jie , Li Qiang , Ren Jinlian 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNumerical investigations of a full three‐dimensional (3D) packing process and flow‐induced stresses are presented. The model was constructed on the basis of a 3D nonisothermal weakly compressible viscoelastic flow model combined with extended pom‐pom (XPP) constitutive and Tait state equations. A hybrid finite element method (FEM)–finite volume method (FVM) is proposed for solving this model. The momentum equations were solved by the FEM, in which a discrete elastic viscous stress split scheme was used to overcome the elastic stress instability, and an implicit scheme of iterative weakly compressible Crank–Nicolson‐based split scheme was used to avoid the Ladyshenskaya–Babuška–Brezzi condition. The energy and XPP equations were solved by the FVM, in which an upwind scheme was used for the strongly convection‐dominated problem of the energy equation. Subsequently, the validity of the proposed method was verified by the benchmark problem, and a full 3D packing process and flow‐induced stresses were simulated. The pressure and stresses distributions were studied in the packing process and were in agreement with the results of the literature and experiments in tendency. We particularly focused on the effects of the elasticity and pressure on the flow‐induced stresses. The numerical results show that normal stress differences decreased with incremental Weissenberg number and increased with incremental holding pressure. The research results had a certain reference value for improving the properties of products in actual production processes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Enhanced adhesion of conductive coating on plasma‐treated polyester fabric: A study on the ageing effect
Authors: Montarsolo A. , Varesano A. , Mossotti R. , Rombaldoni F. , Periolatto M. , Mazzuchetti G. , Tonin C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn recent years, there has been growing attention on intrinsically conducting polymers, such as polypyrrole (PPy) because of the wide range of possible applications. Adhesion to other materials is a pending problem that could be tackled by enhancing the chemical affinity of the surface toward PPy coating. In this work, low‐temperature plasma pretreatments were used for improving adhesion of PPy on polyester (PET) fabrics by changing the surface chemistry and generating a microscopically rough surface. Oxygen and argon plasmas were used to treat both sides of PET fabrics before PPy deposition by in situ chemical polymerization. Moreover, PPy depositions were performed 1 h, 1 week, and 1 month after the plasma treatments to study possible ageing effects. Different chemical/physical characterizations (contact angle, surface energy, atomic force microscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy) showed the efficacy of plasma pretreatments in inducing wettability on PET fabrics and promoting adhesion of the PPy layer. The enhanced adhesion was confirmed by abrasion tests and subsequent surface resistivity and color measurements. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis and characterization of a hybrid material based on a trimethoxysilane functionalized benzoxazine
Authors: Spontón M. , Estenoz D. , Lligadas G. , Ronda J. C. , Galià M. , Cádiz V. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA polybenzoxazine/polysiloxane hybrid has been prepared by sol–gel process and ring‐opening polymerization. For this purpose, first a functionalized benzoxazine was synthesized from bisphenol A, paraformaldehyde and 3‐(trimethoxysilyl) propylamine, with initial molar ratio 1 : 4 : 2, and 95% yield. The structure of the monomer was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance. The sol–gel process and curing behavior have been studied by FTIR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis of the hybrid material (Bz‐PSi) showed higher Tg and storage modulus respect to the conventional polybenzoxazine (Bz‐BA). Also, the thermogravimetric analysis revealed a better thermal stability. The high limiting oxygen index (LOI) values (about LOI = 32) confirmed similar effective flame retardance properties of the hybrid material respect to conventional benzoxazine. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Electrospinning fabrication and characterization of poly(vinyl alcohol)/layered double hydroxides composite fibers
Authors: Qin Qing , Liu Ya , Chen Si‐Chong , Zhai Fei‐Yu , Jing Xin‐Ke , Wang Yu Zhong 
Published: May 2012

AbstractNanofibers of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/layered double hydroxide (Mg‐Al LDH) composites are prepared by the electrostatic fiber spinning using water as the solvent at a high voltage of 21 kV. Either inorganic LDH carbonate (LDH‐CO3) orL‐lactic acid‐modified LDH (Lact‐LDH) is used for incorporating with PVA. Scanning electron microscopy SEM investigations on the nanofibers suggest that the average diameters of PVA/LDH composite fibers are smaller than that of neat PVA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations indicate that the dispersity of the LDH in PVA matrix is much improved after modification withL‐lactic acid. The mechanical properties of the PVA/LDH fibers are obviously enhanced compared to that of neat PVA. For example, the tensile stress and elongation at break of the PVA/Lact‐LDH electrospun fibrous mat with 5 wt % Lact‐LDH are 31.7 MPa and 36.7%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of neat PVA, and also higher than those of PVA/LDH‐CO3owing to the better dispersity of Lact‐LDH nanoparticles. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Development of multilayer polyelectrolyte thin‐film membranes fabricated by spin assisted layer‐by‐layer assembly
Authors: Fadhillah Farid , Javaid Zaidi S. M. , Khan Zafarullah , Khaled Mazen , Rahman Faizur , Hammond Paula 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPolyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) thin films consisting of alternate layers of two PEM systems, that is poly(diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride)/poly(vinyl sulfate) (PDAC/PVS) and poly(allyl amine hydrochloride) (PAH)/ are successfully deposited on polysulfone (PSF) support using spin‐assisted layer‐by‐layer assembly. The films are characterized using atomic force microscope, Fourier transform Infrared, and contact angle measurement. The salt (NaCl) rejection and water flux of the [PDAC/PVS] and [PAH/PVS] membranes are also evaluated using a crossflow permeation test cell. The permeation test shows that 120 bilayers of [PAH/PVS] on PSF substrate provide salt rejection of 53% and water flux of 37 L/m2 h, whereas that of PDAC/PVS on PSF substrate provide salt rejection of 21% and water flux of 90 L/m2 h for a 2000‐ppm NaCl solution feed at a pressure of 40 bar and temperature of 25°C. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Thermal curing reaction and heat‐resistance of methyl‐di(M‐ethynylphenyl‐amino)silane
Authors: Song Ning , Xu Fang , Ni Lizhong , Chen Jianding 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMethyl‐di(m‐ethynylphenyl‐amino)silane (MEAS) is a new kind of silazane with ethynylphenyl groups in the end of the molecule. The studies about the curing reaction kinetics and curing reaction mechanism are important for its application and performance. In this article, differential scanning calorimeter was used to study the curing reaction kinetics of MEAS. The results showed that both of the apparent activation energy (Ea) and the reaction order (n) that were evaluated with the method of Kissinger (113.4 kJ/mol, 0.93) agreed well with those using the method of Ozawa (116.1 kJ/mol, 0.95). According to structural changes during curing characterized using Fourier‐transform infrared spectra, it was inferred that MEAS resin underwent the main four kinds of cross‐linking reaction under the condition of heating. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to characterize the heat‐resistance of MEAS thermoset. The results showed that the temperature of 5% weight loss based on the initial weight (Td5) of the thermoset was 632.4°C and the residue yield at 900°C was 86.4% in nitrogen. The thermoset sintered at 1450°C in argon transformed into a ceramic with yield of 71%, which was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The sintered products were smooth and hard solid and its chemical composition was made up of β‐SiC, α‐Si3N4 ceramic and free carbon. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Development of poly(dimethylsiloxane)–titania nanocomposites with controlled dielectric properties: Effect of heat treatment of titania on electrical properties
Authors: Nayak Suryakanta , Rahaman Mostafizur , Pandey A. K. , Setua Dipak Kumar , Chaki Tapan Kumar , Khastgir Dipak 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPolymer–ceramic composites were prepared using poly(dimethylsiloxane) as base matrix and normal as well as heat‐treated titania as fillers. Dielectric and mechanical properties of the composites were measured and found that dielectric constant of the composites was increased dramatically with the addition of filler, whereas resistivity was decreased. Hardness and modulus were found to increase but tensile strength, % elongation at break, and tear strength were decreased with the filler loading. Neat titania contains some moisture (physisorbed and chemisorbed) as revealed from thermogravimetric analysis. Both electrical and mechanical properties of the composites were affected by filler heat treatment. Further, untreated titania contains Ti3+ and Ti4+, which on heat treatment, increases the concentration of Ti4+, as a result electrical properties were affected. Filler dispersion in the composites was studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
A method to break charge transfer complex of polyimide: A study on solution behavior
Authors: Ke Fuyou , Song Naiheng , Liang Dehai , Xu Hongyao 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCharge transfer complex strongly affects the optical transparency of polyimide film. Here, solution behavior of a polyimide derived from 3,3′,4,4′ biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride and 1,4‐bis(3‐aminopropyl)piperazine in acetic acid, chloroform, and their mixed solvents is investigated in detail by light scattering. It is found that the polyimide existed as single chains in acetic acid owing to the acid‐base interaction. However, association is observed in chloroform solution because of the charge transfer complex and enhanced by increasing the solution concentration. To break the charge transfer interaction and clear the association, only a small amount of acetic acid is required to add into the chloroform solution owing to the protonation of the diamine groups, confirmed by the zeta potential measurements. Simultaneously, the associates disappear quickly after addition of acetic acid. This study will provide a novel method for preparation of high optical transparent polyimide film by simply tuning the solvent. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
3D Analysis of the Forearm Rotational Efficiency Variation in Humans
Authors: IbÁÑez‐Gimeno Pere , Jordana Xavier , Manyosa Joan , Malgosa AssumpciÓ , GaltÉs Ignasi 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPronosupination is a component of the hominoid orthograde corporal plane that enables primates to execute efficient and sure locomotion in their habitat and is an essential movement for the development of manipulative capacities. We analyze human variability in the rotational efficiency of the pronator teres muscle by applying the biomechanical model created by Galtés et al. (Am J Phys Anthropol 2008; 135:293–300; Am J Phys Anthropol 2009a; 140:589–594) to skeletal remains of a human sample (N = 29) and three nonhuman hominoid specimens (chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan) by means of 3D technology. We aim to examine whether there is a distinctive human pattern of rotational efficiency and determine which structural features of the upper‐limb bones have the greatest influence on the determination of rotational efficiency. Our results show that the human pattern differs from efficiencies observed in nonhuman hominoids, which may be interpreted in the light of morphofunctional adaptations. We identify medial epicondylar form as the key structure of the upper‐limb bones for the determination of the rotational efficiency of the forearm. Results indicate that the more medially projected epicondyle of nonhuman hominoids relative to humans leads to higher values of maximum rotational efficiency. Moreover, the orientation of the medial epicondyle determines the pronounced differences in the position of the maximum efficiencies in the pronosupination range between humans and the studied nonhuman hominoids. Proximodistal orientation of the medial epicondyle is suggested to be a more appropriate feature for distinguishing between humans and nonhuman hominoids than anteroposterior orientation and, therefore, for inferring behavioral aspects from skeletal remains and fossils of primate upper‐limb bones. Anat Rec, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.