bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequent expression of Niban in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and squamous dysplasia
Authors: Ito Shin , Fujii Hiroaki , Matsumoto Toshiharu , Abe Masaaki , Ikeda Katsuhisa , Hino Okio 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackgroundNiban was initially identified in the Eker rat, a model of renal carcinogenesis. We examined Niban expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and head and neck dysplastic lesions.MethodsUsing a polyclonal rabbit anti‐human Niban antibody, 43 cases of HNSCC and 30 cases of head and neck squamous dysplasia were immuonohistochemically stained for Niban. Ancillary genetic studies were also performed.ResultsForty‐two of 43 HNSCCs (97.6%) and 20 of 30 (66.6%) dysplastic lesions were positively stained for Niban. The staining was generally less intense in cases of dysplasia than HNSCC. Three of 8 normal mucosal samples from drinker/smokers also showed weak Niban expression. Normal head and neck squamous epithelium from nondrinker/nonsmokers did not stained for Niban. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results matched the immuonohistochemical results.ConclusionThe expression of Niban frequently begins in the early stages of head and neck squamous carcinoma and remains upregulated throughout the carcinogenic process. Niban may be a good molecular marker of HNSCC. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Importance of comorbidity in hypopharyngeal cancer
Authors: Homma Akihiro , Sakashita Tomohiro , Oridate Nobuhiko , Suzuki Fumiyuki , Suzuki Seigo , Hatakeyama Hiromitsu , Mizumachi Takatsugu , Taki Shigenari , Fukuda Satoshi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground.Comorbidity has an impact on survival in laryngeal cancer in several reports. However, the importance of comorbidity in hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) has not been reported.Methods.A retrospective medical record review of 156 patients with HPC treated between 1995 and 2005 was performed. Comorbid illness was measured by the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation‐27. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the factors related to overall survival.Results.Comorbidity was absent in 55 (35.2%) of the patients, mild in 39 (25%), moderate in 28 (17.9%), and severe in 34 (21.8%). There were statistically significant differences between the survival rates in accord with age, stage, subsite, and comorbidity (45.1% for none or mild vs 27.7% for moderate or severe; p = .0073). Age, stage, and comorbidity were identified as independent prognostic factors in the multivariate analysis.Conclusion.Comorbidity, along with the clinical stage, should be considered in treatment planning for patients with HPC. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Primary schwannoma in a cervical lymph node
Authors: Black Jennifer O. , Zhai Qihui Jim , Varona Orlando B. , Ordonez Nelson G. , Luna Mario A. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground.Spindle cell neoplasms within lymph nodes are rare and include benign and malignant tumors and primary and metastatic tumors such as palisaded myofibroblastoma, leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, reticular cell neoplasms, and vascular sarcomas. Ancillary studies may help distinguish these neoplasms.Methods.A 77‐year‐old white woman was seen with a painless, slowly growing mass of the left neck. Her clinical history was noncontributory. An excisional biopsy was performed without complication. There has been no recurrence, to date, of the lesion.Results.Gross examination, microscopic examination, immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural studies were consistent with the diagnosis of schwannoma arising within a lymph node.Conclusions.We report the first case of intranodal schwannoma arising in a cervical lymph node. The recognition of intranodal schwannoma is important because it is cured with excision, whereas some of the other diagnostic considerations for a spindle cell lesion within a lymph node may require radiation or chemotherapy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Severe radiation therapy–related soft tissue toxicity in a patient with porphyria cutanea tarda: A literature review
Authors: Gunn G. Brandon , Anderson Karl E. , Patel Abhilasha J. , Gallegos Juan , Hallberg Csilla Kormos , Sood Gagan , Hatch Sandra S. , Sanguineti Giuseppe 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground.Some porphyrias are associated with cutaneous phototoxicity due to photoactivation of porphyrins, but whether ionizing radiation can have an additive effect is not clear. We report a case of severe radiation therapy‐related toxicity in a patient with porphyria cutanea tarda and review the literature.Methods.A 50‐year‐old man with porphyria cutanea was treated for lower lip squamous cell carcinoma with definitive radiation therapy. During radiation therapy, acute toxicity was of an expected onset and severity. Six months after treatment completion, he developed skin hypopigmentation, soft tissue fibrosis, and areas of painful denuded skin and crusting within the previous treatment field.Results.Reports of 7 patients with porphyria receiving radiation therapy to at least 9 separate sites were reviewed, with only 1 previous report suggestive of increased radiation therapy–related toxicity.Conclusion.Based on this and 1 other report, caution is warranted when considering radiation therapy in patients with active porphyria. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Neuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx: An overview
Authors: Ferlito Alfio , Silver Carl E. , Bradford Carol R. , Rinaldo Alessandra 
Published: July 2009

AbstractNeuroendocrine neoplasms of the larynx are rare but are the most common nonsquamous tumors of this organ. In the past, there has been considerable confusion about the nature and classification of these neoplasms, but the current consensus is that there are 4 different types of laryngeal neuroendocrine tumors composed of paraganglioma, typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid tumor, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Carcinoids and small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas are epithelial neoplasms, whereas paragangliomas are of neural origin. Diagnosis is based primarily on light microscopy and confirmed by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Precise diagnosis is essential because the natural history, treatment, and prognosis vary widely for the different neoplastic categories.Typical carcinoids are very rare and are treated by wide local excision, usually partial laryngectomy, without elective neck dissection. Atypical carcinoid tumors are more common and more aggressive. They are treated by partial or total laryngectomy with elective or therapeutic neck dissection. Adjuvant chemo/radiotherapy may be of benefit in some cases. Small cell neuroendocrine carcinomas are highly aggressive and should be considered disseminated at initial diagnosis. The treatment is by irradiation and chemotherapy as surgery has proven to be of a little benefit. Paragangliomas are treated by local excision or partial laryngectomy.It is difficult to determine the valid survival statistics for typical carcinoids because of their rarity and confusion in the literature with their atypical counterparts. They have a greater tendency to metastasize, and thus a worse prognosis than was previously believed. Atypical carcinoid tumors have a 5‐year survival rate of approximately 50%, which decreases with time. The prognosis of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the larynx is dismal, with 5‐year survival rates of 5%. The biological behavior of laryngeal paraganglioma is generally benign and the prognosis is excellent. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2009
Feasibility of standard mechanical ventilation with low FiO2 and small endotracheal tubes during laser microlaryngeal surgery
Authors: Nicelli Elisa , Gemma Marco , De Vitis Assunta , Foti Giuseppe , Beretta Luigi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBackground.No technique can be considered as a gold standard for ventilation during direct laser CO2 laryngeal microsurgery. We evaluated the feasibility of standard ventilation with laser‐safe endotracheal tubes (ETTs) and inspired O2 fraction (FiO2) = 0.21 during direct microlaryngoscopy.Methods.During total intravenous anesthesia, standard mechanical normoventilation was set with FiO2 = 0.21 and 50 mm Hg peak inspiratory pressure limit. If SpO2 was <90% for >2 minutes, FiO2 was increased to 0.3; after 4 minutes it was increased to 0.4; after another 4 minutes, positive end‐expiratory pressure (PEEP) could be set at 5 cm H2O; and after another 4 minutes, surgery was stopped if SpO2 remained <90%.Results.We studied 111 consecutive direct microlaryngoscopies on different patients. Four patients (3.6%) suffered minor intraoperative desaturation. Barotrauma was not observed, PEEP was never applied, and surgery was never stopped. Body mass index was independently predictive of the occurrence of intraoperative desaturation.Conclusions.Standard mechanical ventilation with FiO2 = 0.21 through laser‐safe ETTs is feasible during direct microlaryngoscopy. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Balancing the funds in the New Cooperative Medical Scheme in rural China: determinants and influencing factors in two provinces
Authors: Zhang Luying , Cheng Xiaoming , Liu Xiaoyun , Zhu Kun , Tang Shenglan , Bogg Lennart , Dobberschuetz Karin , Tolhurst Rachel 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn recent years, the central government in China has been leading the re‐establishment of its rural health insurance system, but local government institutions have considerable flexibility in the specific design and management of schemes. Maintaining a reasonable balance of funds is critical to ensure that the schemes are sustainable and effective in offering financial protection to members. This paper explores the financial management of the NCMS in China through a case study of the balance of funds and the factors influencing this, in six counties in two Chinese provinces. The main data source is NCMS management data from each county from 2003 to 2005, supplemented by: a household questionnaire survey, qualitative interviews and focus group discussions with all local stakeholders and policy document analysis. The study found that five out of six counties held a large fund surplus, whilst enrolees obtained only partial financial protection. However, in one county greater risk pooling for enrolees was accompanied by relatively high utilisation levels, resulting in a fund deficit. The opportunities to sustainably increase the financial protection offered to NCMS enrolees are limited by the financial pressures on local government, specific political incentives and low technical capacities at the county level and below. Our analysis suggests that in the short term, efforts should be made to improve the management of the current NCMS design, which should be supported through capacity building for NCMS offices. However, further medium‐term initiatives may be required including changes to the design of the schemes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parameterizing redistribution and sublimation of blowing snow for hydrological models: tests in a mountainous subarctic catchment
Authors: MacDonald Matthew K. , Pomeroy John W. , Pietroniro Alain 
Published: July 2009

AbstractModel tests of blowing snow redistribution and sublimation by wind were performed for three winters over a small mountainous sub‐Arctic catchment located in the Yukon Territory, Canada, using a physically based blowing snow model. Snow transport fluxes were distributed over multiple hydrological response units (HRUs) using inter‐HRU snow redistribution allocation factors (SR). Three SR schemes of varying complexity were evaluated. Model results show that end‐of‐winter snow accumulation can be most accurately simulated using a physically based blowing snow model when SR values are established when taking into account wind direction and speed and HRU aerodynamic characteristics, along with the spatial arrangement of the HRUs in the catchment. With the knowledge that snow transport scales approximately with the fourth power of wind speed (u4), SR values can be (1) established according to the predominant u4 direction and magnitude over a simulation period or (2) can change at each time step according to a measured wind direction. Unfortunately, wind direction data were available only for one of the three winters, so the latter scheme was tested only once. Although the aforementioned SR schemes produced different results, model efficiency was of similar merit. The independent effects of topography and vegetation were examined to assess their importance on snow redistribution modelling over mountainous terrain. Snow accumulation was best simulated when including explicit representations of both landscape vegetation (i.e. vegetation height and density) and topography (i.e. wind exposure). There may be inter‐basin differences in the relative importance of model representations of topography and vegetation. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body mass index and mortality from lung cancer in smokers and nonsmokers: A nationally representative prospective study of 220,000 men in China
Authors: Yang Ling , Yang Gonghuan , Zhou Maigeng , Smith Margaret , Ge Hui , Boreham Jillian , Hu Yisong , Peto Richard , Wang Jun , Chen Zhengming 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLow body mass index (BMI) has been associated with increased risk of lung cancer. However, the nature of the association, especially in populations with relatively low BMI, is less well characterized, as is the relevance to it of smoking. A nationally representative prospective cohort study included 217,180 Chinese men aged 40–79 years in 1990–91 who had no prior history of cancer and were followed up for 15 years. Standardized hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for lung cancer mortality by baseline BMI. The mean baseline BMI was 21.7 kg/m2, and 2,145 lung cancer deaths were recorded during 15 years of follow‐up. The prevalence of smoking was strongly inversely associated with BMI, but no apparent relationship was seen between amount smoked (or other measures of smoking intensity) and BMI among smokers. Overall there was a strong inverse association between BMI and lung cancer mortality (p< 0.0001 for trend) after excluding the first 3 years of follow‐up. This association appeared to be confined mainly to current smokers, with no apparent relationship in nonsmokers (p< 0.001 for difference between slopes). Among current smokers, the inverse association appeared to be log‐linear, with each 5 kg/m2lower BMI associated with a 35% (95% confidence interval: 24–46%;p< 0.0001) higher lung cancer mortality, and it persisted after excluding those who had reported poor health status or history of any disease or respiratory symptoms at baseline. In this relatively lean Chinese male population, low BMI was strongly associated with increased risk of lung cancer only among current smokers. © 2009 UICC
Oncogenic microRNA‐27a is a target for anticancer agent methyl 2‐cyano‐3,11‐dioxo‐18β‐olean‐1,12‐dien‐30‐oate in colon cancer cells
Authors: Chintharlapalli Sudhakar , Papineni Sabitha , Abdelrahim Maen , Abudayyeh Ala , Jutooru Indira , Chadalapaka Gayathri , Wu Fei , Mertens‐Talcott Susanne , Vanderlaag Kathy , Cho Sung Dae , Smith Roger , Safe Stephen 
Published: July 2009

AbstractMethyl 2‐cyano‐3,11‐dioxo‐18β‐olean‐1,12‐dien‐30‐oate (CDODA‐Me) is a synthetic derivative of glycyrrhetinic acid, a triterpenoid phytochemical found in licorice extracts. CDODA‐Me inhibited growth of RKO and SW480 colon cancer cells and this was accompanied by decreased expression of Sp1, Sp3 and Sp4 protein and mRNA and several Sp‐dependent genes including survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1 or Flt‐1). CDODA‐Me also induced apoptosis, arrested RKO and SW480 cells at G2/M, and inhibited tumor growth in athymic nude mice bearing RKO cells as xenografts. CDODA‐Me decreased expression of microRNA‐27a (miR‐27a), and this was accompanied by increased expression of 2 miR‐27a‐regulated mRNAs, namely ZBTB10 (an Sp repressor) and Myt‐1 which catalyzes phosphorylation of cdc2 to inhibit progression of cells through G2/M. Both CDODA‐Me and antisense miR‐27a induced comparable responses in RKO and SW480 cells, suggesting that the potent anticarcinogenic activity of CDODA‐Me is due to repression of oncogenic miR‐27a. © 2009 UICC
Antibodies blocking adhesion and matrix binding domains of laminin‐332 inhibit tumor growth and metastasis in vivo
Authors: Salo Sirpa , Boutaud Ariel , Hansen Anker Jon , He Liqun , Sun Yi , Morales Sylvia , Venturini Amy , Martin Paula , Nokelainen Pasi , Betsholtz Christer , Mathiasen Ida Stenfeldt , Tryggvason Karl 
Published: July 2009

AbstractLaminin‐332 (LN‐332), which is essential for epithelial cell adhesion and migration, is up‐regulated in most invasive carcinomas. Association between LN‐332 and carcinoma cell integrins and stroma collagen is thought to be important for tumor growth and metastasis. Here, we show that function blocking LN‐332 antibodies interfering with cellular adhesion and migration in vitro evoke apoptotic pathways. The antibodies also target epithelial tumors in vivo. Antibodies against the cell binding domain of the α3 chain of LN‐332 inhibited tumor growth by up to 68%, and antibodies against the matrix binding domains of the β3 and γ2 chains significantly decreased lung metastases. The LN‐332 antibodies appear to induce tumor cell anoikis and subsequent programmed cell death and reduce migration by interfering with tumor cell matrix interactions. © 2009 UICC
Prevalence and predictors of abandonment of therapy among children with cancer in El Salvador
Authors: Bonilla Miguel , Rossell Nuria , Salaverria Carmen , Gupta Sumit , Barr Ronald , Sala Alessandra , Metzger Monika L. , Sung Lillian 
Published: July 2009

AbstractAbandonment of therapy is one of the most common causes of treatment failure among children with cancer in low‐income countries. Our objectives were to describe the prevalence and predictors of abandonment among such children with cancer in El Salvador. We analyzed data on patients younger than 16 years, diagnosed with any malignancy between January 2001 and December 2003 at the Benjamin Bloom National Children's Hospital, San Salvador. Among 612 patients, 353 were male (58%); the median age at diagnosis was 5.1 years; 59% of patients were diagnosed with leukemia/lymphoma, 28% with solid tumors and 13% with brain tumors. The prevalence of abandonment was 13%. Median time to abandonment was 2.0 (range 0–36) months. In univariate analyses, paternal illiteracy [odds ratio (OR) 3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0–7.2; p = 0.001]; maternal illiteracy (OR = 5.1, 95% CI 2.5–10; p < 0.0001); increasing number of household members (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.3; p = 0.004); and low monthly household income (OR per $100 = 0.59, 95% CI 0.45–0.75; p < 0.0001) all significantly increased the risk of abandonment, whereas travel time to hospital did not. In multiple regression analyses, low monthly income and increased number of people in the household were independently predictive of abandonment. In conclusion, in El Salvador, despite the provision of free treatment, socioeconomic variables significantly predict increased risk of abandonment of therapy. Understanding the pathways through which socioeconomic status affects abandonment may allow the design of effective interventions. © 2009 UICC
Investment portfolio balancing: application of a generic self‐organizing fuzzy neural network (GenSoFNN)
Authors: Quek C. , Yow K. C. , Cheng Philip Y. K. , Tan C. C. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn contrast to short‐term stock trading, portfolio managers are interested in the medium‐ to long‐term peaks and troughs of the stock price cycles as signals to balance their stock portfolios – the predicted trough is the signal to buy the stock and the predicted peak is the signal to sell the stock. As statistical models are generally inadequate or incapable of providing such portfolio balancing signals, we propose using the generic self‐organizing fuzzy neural network (GenSoFNN)—a fuzzy neural system – as a tool for portfolio balancing. The network adopts the supervised learning approach to detect inflection points in the stock price cycles, and a modified locally weighted regression algorithm is employed to smooth the stock cycles. The GenSoFNN‐based portfolio balancing system was evaluated with experiments conducted using 23 stocks from the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ, and the results showed an average profit return of 65.66%. The contributions of the proposed GenSoFNN intelligent portfolio balancing system are twofold: it can be used as an efficient trading solution and it can provide decision support in trading via its generated rules. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel fuzzy neural approach to data reconstruction and failure prediction
Authors: Quek C. , Zhou R. W. , Lee C. H. 
Published: July 2009

AbstractBank failure prediction is of great importance to a bank's clients, policy‐makers and regulators. Various traditional models have been employed to study bank failures. Unfortunately, their performances are unsatisfactory. In this paper, the pseudo‐outer product fuzzy neural network using the compositional rule of inference and singleton fuzzifier (POPFNN‐CRI(S))‐based bank failure prediction model is proposed. It employs computational bank failure analysis techniques coupled with reconstruction of missing financial data in financial covariates that are available from publicly available financial statements as inputs. The performance of the proposed model is assessed through the classification rate of 3636 US banks observed over a 21‐year period. The effects of missing data reconstruction are investigated. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Classification techniques for the identification of falsified financial statements: a comparative analysis
Authors: Gaganis Chrysovalantis 
Published: July 2009

AbstractIn this study, I develop 10 alternative classification models using logit analysis, discriminant analysis, support vector machines, artificial neural networks, probabilistic neural networks, nearest neighbours, UTADIS and MHDIS for the detection of falsified financial statements. The models are developed using financial and nonfinancial data. The sample includes 398 financial statements, half of which were assigned a qualified audit opinion. I compare these alternatives methods using out‐of‐time and out‐of‐sample tests. The results are used to derive conclusions on the performance of the methods and to investigate the potential of developing models that will assist auditors in identifying fraudulent financial statements. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of alendronate on bone formation and osteoclastic resorption after implantation of beta‐tricalcium phosphate
Authors: Tanaka Takaaki , Saito Mitsuru , Chazono Masaaki , Kumagae Yoshio , Kikuchi Takahiro , Kitasato Seiichiro , Marumo Keishi 
Published: July 2009

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the effects of alendronate (ALN) on osteoclastic resorption of β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) and bone formation. β‐TCP blocks of 75% porosity, with or without ALN treatment, were implanted into cavities drilled in rabbit femoral condyles. New bone formation, residual amount of β‐TCP, and the number of tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase‐positive cells were evaluated 2 weeks after surgery. The results show that local application of ALN at a concentration of 10−2 to 10−6M reduced the number of osteoclasts on the surface of β‐TCP. New bone formation was also inhibited by ALN in a dose‐dependent manner. Thus, inhibition of osteoclast formation resulted in reduced β‐TCP resorption and bone formation. These results suggest that osteoclast‐mediated resorption plays an important role in bone formation and a coupling‐like phenomenon could occur in β‐TCP‐filled bone defects. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010