bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual RNA-seq reveals distinct families of co-regulated and structurally conserved effectors in Botrytis cinerea infection of Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Wei Jinfeng , Zhou Qian , Zhang Jing , Wu Mingde , Li Guoqing , Yang Long 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Botrytis cinerea is a broad-host pathogen causing gray mold disease and significant losses in the yield of numerous crops. However, the mechanisms underlying its rapid invasion and efficient killing of plant cells remain unclear.
Results
In this study, we elucidated the dynamics of B. cinerea infection in Arabidopsis thaliana by live-cell imaging and dual RNA sequencing. We found extensive transcriptional reprogramming events in both the pathogen and host, which involved metabolic pathways, signaling cascades, and transcriptional regulation. For the pathogen, we identified 852 candidate effector proteins (CEPs) and comprehensively analyzed their co-expression, sequence similarity, and structural conservation. The results revealed temporal co-regulation patterns of these CEPs, indicating coordinated deployment of effectors during B. cinerea infection. Functional screening of 48 selected CEPs in Nicotiana benthamiana demonstrated that B. cinerea may predominantly depend on cell death-inducing proteins (CDIPs) for rapid host colonization.
Conclusions
The findings provide important insights into the transcriptional dynamics and effector biology driving B. cinerea pathogenesis. The rapid infection of this pathogen involves the temporal co-regulation of CEPs and the prominent role of CDIPs in host cell death. Overall, this work provides a valuable resource for developing novel strategies for disease control targeting this devastating pathogen.
Lactate activates ER Stress to promote alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis in Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Sun Zhiheng , He Wanyu , Meng Huiwen , Ji Zhihua , Qu Junxing , Yu Guoying 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive lung disease characterized by fibrous tissue excessive proliferation and enhanced glycolysis level in lung with high lactate level accumulation, which could be triggered by alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in pulmonary fibrotic tissue is indeed recognized as a significant factor exacerbating PF development. Emerging evidences indicated a potential association between ER stress induced by lactate and cellular apoptosis in PF; However, the mechanisms in this process needs further elucidation. In this paper, lung fibrosis model was induced by bleomycin (BLM) intratracheally in mice. In the cellular model, type II epithelial cells were treated by lactate and TGF-β to detect ER stress and apoptosis markers. Lactate could exacerbate lung fibrosis by facilitating ER stress response and cell apoptosis. Mechanismly, lactate activated Caspase-12 via ATF4-Chop axis to induce cell apoptosis and promoting fibrosis with downregulated Bcl-2 and enhanced Bax. ER stress inhibitor could effectively suppress alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis and lung fibrosis. We concluded that pro-fibrotic properties of lactate are associated with alveolar epithelial cells apoptosis by causing ER stress and thus provide new potential therapeutic targets for pulmonary fibrosis.
A Study of The Burden of Disease of Pneumoconiosis in East Asia and in China, Japan and Korea, 1990-2021
Authors: Zhang Shenyu , Wang Jialin , Qiao Zhongli , Chen Lin , Xiong Jun , Ji Chongyan , Zheng Yuxin , Wang Huilin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To explore trends in pneumoconiosis incidence, prevalence, mortality and DALYs in 2021 in China, Japan, Korea, and East Asia in a cross-sectional study from 1990 to 2021
RESEARCH DESIGN: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 for the relevant countries and regions were used in this study. People with pneumoconiosis in the region aged 15-70 years were included in the analysis Data were analysed from 18 May 2024 to 10 June 2024. Main outcome indicators: incidence, mortality, DALYs. interannual trends were stratified according to country, region, age, and sex.
RESULTS: From 1990 to 2021, the global age-specified incidence of pneumoconiosis declined annually, from 1.02 (0.88-1.19) in 1990 to 0.73 (0.64-0.83) in 2021. the incidence rates in 2021 were smaller than those in 1990 for all age groups. It is noteworthy that the global number of deaths from pneumoconiosis shows a fluctuating increase. The incidence of pneumoconiosis in East Asia as well as in China, Japan and South Korea has risen slightly this year, and the mortality rate of men is significantly higher than that of women.
SUMMARY: While the decline in incidence and the reduction in new cases of pneumoconiosis have eased the pressure on public health to a certain extent, with the number of deaths rising year after year, pneumoconiosis remains an increasingly serious global health challenge. This is especially true in areas with inadequate health systems. Improved understanding of the epidemiology of pneumoconiosis may contribute to its prevention and control.
A Hybrid Mathematical-Simulation Approach to Hospital Beds Capacity Optimization for COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions
Authors: Maleki Reza , Taghizadeh-Yazdi Mohammadreza , Ghasemi Rohollah , Rivandi Samar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic was an unforeseen threat to human survival, and the efficiency of the health sector faced a severe challenge. The lack of hospital beds was one of the most critical concerns, and optimizing the capacity of hospital beds was considered one of the key issues. Due to the ageing of the population and the occasional occurrence of environmental and health crises, the demand for health services and the need for improved planning and administration are increasing daily. Therefore, the optimal allocation of hospital resources, particularly the number of beds, the essential criterion for a medical center’s capacity, can substantially reduce patient waiting time and treatment costs and improve services. An ideal multi-objective integer programming problem is presented in this study for optimizing the number of hospital beds and reducing costs of the length of stay and length of hospital stay. The problem also considers constraints relating to critical circumstances, given the Corona's prevalence. Moreover, the optimal answer is obtained using a simulation model, mathematical optimization, and a simulation-based optimization approach. For this purpose, mathematical modelling was used to minimize patients' waiting time, hospitalizations, and maintenance costs of existing beds and purchasing a new bed. Following that, real-world conditions were introduced into the problem using the simulation model and information acquired from one month of hospitalization of patients during the Coronavirus outbreak at Imam Hussein Hospital in Tehran. After comparing mathematical and simulated models, the OptQuest simulation-based optimization technique revealed the ideal number of hospital beds.
The Comparison of Metabolic Syndrome Parameters, Trichoscopic and Trichoscan Characteristics in Androgenetic Alopecia (AGA) and Early-Onset Androgenetic Alopecia (Early-Onset AGA)
Authors: Legiawati Lili , Sitohang Irma Bernadette S. , Yusharyahya Shannaz Nadia , Sirait Sondang P. , Novianto Endi , Yunir Em , Lauren Brigitta Cindy , Hakiki Nadhira Permata , Rahmadika Faizal Dzaky 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the most common cause of hair loss, is influenced by various risk factors. Metabolic syndrome constitutes a collection of risk factors elevating the risk of cardiovascular disease. The presence of early-onset AGA could serve as an indicator of the emergence of metabolic syndrome, yet to date, no research has examined these parameters in AGA. This is a cross-sectional study comparing two groups; early onset versus normal onset AGA. Forty participants were enlisted and evenly distributed into the two groups. Subsequently, participants underwent examinations utilizing trichoscopy, trichoscan, and laboratory assessments. Apart from waist circumference, BMI, and age of alopecia onset, there were no notable differences concerning sociodemographic and clinical features. In terms of hair growth parameters, the telogen hair rate stands out as the sole indicator exhibiting a significant difference between both groups, while trichoscopy data also revealed varying hair characteristics. Lastly, metabolic parameters namely triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c and HDL differ significantly, with the normal onset group demonstrating a higher prevalence of metabolic abnormality. This suggests a potential association between AGA and metabolic syndrome. However, the exact nature of this relationship remains uncertain, necessitating further research with larger samples, specific age groups and diverse study designs.
Walking improves cardiac function: A randomized trial on the effects of walking on left ventricular function in type 2 diabetes patients
Authors: Leischik Roman , Bank Patrick , Brzek Ania , Dworrak Birgit , Litwitz Henning , Gerlach Christian Erik , Sanchis-Gomar Fabian , Strauss Markus 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Metabolic abnormalities in diabetic hearts are known issues, and the role of exercise in improving cardiac function has been the subject of various reports. Although it is widely believed that walking can improve cardiometabolic parameters, the specific effects of walking on cardiac function in diabetic patients remains a topic of interest. We examined the specific effects of walking on the cardiac function of diabetic patients in a randomized study.
Methods:Using a random allocation sequence, 32 patients with type 2 diabetes (metformin-, insulin-, and diet-controlled) were randomized to a 12-week intervention of either walking 10 km three times/week (n=16) or standard care (control group, n= 16). We prospectively examined metabolic, anthropometric, cardiac function and cardiorespiratory fitness parameters. The groups were compared using linear regression adjusted for age.
Results: Compared with that in the control group (n=16), the cardiac function (global strain) of the walking group (n=16) improved significantly after the intervention (-19.0 (+/- 3.0) vs. -20.9 (+/-2.6) (Diff -1.92 (CI-2.61-1.24) p<0.001). The global strain of the control group (n= 15) was 18.7 (+/- 3.2) vs. -18.9 (+/- 3.6) (Diff -0.19 (CI 1.00-0.63) p = 0.650). Global strain changed significantly only in the walking group: the pre/post estimated mean difference in global strain between the walking group and the control group was estimated to be -1.73 (CI-2.78, -0.69; p<0.001). Abdominal circumference (−3 cm (CI: −44.41, -1.59), p < 0.001)), heart rate at rest (−6.50 (CI: −9.69, −3.31, p < 0.001)) and body fat percentage (−2.74 (CI: −4.71, −0.76, p < 0.007)) changed significantly only in the walking group. Spiroergometric data revealed an improvement in oxygen uptake in the walking group vs the control group: abs. VO2max=0.19 (0.05, 033) (p<008) and rel. VO2max=2.43 (1.03, 3.83) (p<0.001).
Conclusions:This is the first randomized intervention study of supervised walking in patients with type 2 diabetes, and results demonstrated that even moderate-intensity physical activity, such as walking, improved cardiac function, led to positive changes in body composition, reduced waist circumference, and increased oxygen uptake. Walking can be a cost-effective treatment with significant preventive and restorative benefits for cardiac function and body fat parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Evaluating implementation intentions: Is there one best approach?
Authors: Nosáľová Ester , Durbisova Simona 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Goal attainment can be largely influenced by implementation intentions which represent detailed planning of the process and its outcomes. Previous studies have pointed on the positive effects of these intentions in various settings and highlighted their importance. However, the methodology of assessing the quality of implementation intentions has not been under the investigation so far. This paper, therefore, focuses on the strengths and weaknesses of two different approaches to the evaluation of the specificity of these intentions. Analysing two different datasets of participants stating the thought-out aspects of achieving a similar goal, six independent evaluators assessed the specificity of each plan. Evaluation A allowed for each plan to score a maximum of 5 points based on the inclusion of five specificity categories. Evaluation B focused on the quality of each category that could yield 0–2 points. Results indicate that while Evaluation A seems to reflect the presence rather than the quality of plan components, offering a simpler and broader assessment, Evaluation B highlights the precision of the plan details, giving deeper insight into the quality of implementation intentions. Our findings suggest need of considering multiple factors when choosing the best evaluation approach for a specific study of implementation intentions, such as the space for different interpretations of categories by the evaluators, relevancy of some categories, wording of the questions related to details of planning, etc. An overview of advisable steps when conducting such a research study is also proposed, providing guidance for future research.
Ionomic and proteomic changes highlight the effect of silicon supply on the functioning of Trifolium incarnatum L. nodules subjected to nitrogen starvation
Authors: Coquerel Raphaël , Arkoun Mustapha , Trouverie Jacques , Bernay Benoit , Laîné Philippe , Etienne Philippe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Numerous studies have reported the beneficial effects of silicon (Si) in alleviating biotic or abiotic stresses in many plant species. However, the role of Si in Fabaceae facing environmental stress is poorly documented. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of Si on physiological traits and nodulation efficiency in Trifolium incarnatum L. subjected to N-deprivation.
Methods
Si was supplied (1.7 mM) to N-deprived plants inoculated with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv trifolii and plant physiological traits and nodule ionomic and molecular traits were monitored over 25 days.
Results
Si supply promoted shoot biomass, the quantity of both Si and N in roots and shoots, and the number, biomass and density of nodules and their nitrogenase abundance which contribute to better dinitrogen (N2) fixation. Ionomic analysis of nodules revealed that Si supply increased the amount of several macroelements (potassium, phosphorus and sulfur) and microelements (copper, zinc and molybdenum) known to improve nodulation efficiency and N2 fixation. Finally, comparative proteomic analysis (+ Si versus -Si) of nodules highlighted that Si modulated the proteome of both symbionts with 989 and 212 differentially accumulated proteins (DAPs) in the infected host root cells and their symbiont bacteria, respectively. Among the DAPs, the roles of those involved in nodulation and N2 fixation are discussed.
Conclusion
For the first time, this study provides new insights into the effects of Si on both nodular partners and paves the way for a better understanding of the impact of Si on improving nodule function, and more specifically, on the nodules’ N2-fixing capacity.
An investigation of the specificity and vividness of autobiographical memories and future events produced in response to disgust-related cues among individuals with eating disorders
Authors: Bektas Sevgi , Haslam Rowan , Hilton Shannon , Himmerich Hubertus , Cardi Valentina , Treasure Janet , Keeler Johanna Louise 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:A deficiency in autobiographical memory functioning could be of relevance to the maintenance of an eating disorder (ED). Past research has found that people with EDs have difficulties in producing specific details of autobiographical memories (AM) and in imagining future events. Our aim was to investigate AM and episodic future thinking (EFT) in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN), individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) or binge eating disorder (BED), and healthy controls (HCs) using negative cue words relevant to the experience of being disgusted and morally violated.Methods:Remotely administered computerised versions of the autobiographical memory task (AMT) and the EFT task were used to measure the specificity and vividness of AMs and EFTs. Neutral or negative/moral disgust-relevant cues were used to elicit AMs and EFTs. The relationship between AM specificity and EFT specificity was explored. The predictor role of individual differences in childhood teasing and betrayal sensitivity on the specificity and vividness of AMT and EFTs induced by moral disgust-relevant cues was examined.Results:Individuals with AN and BN/BED did not have difficulties retrieving specific and vivid details of AMs and imagining future events in both cue conditions. AM specificity predicted EFT specificity in all groups. Future events primed by neutral cues were rated as more vivid by HCs compared to those induced by moral disgust-relevant cues, but there was no difference between the form of memories elicited by both cues in either ED group. Participants with EDs who had greater levels of childhood teasing and betrayal sensitivity generated more vivid AMT and EFTs in response to moral disgust-related cues, which was not observed in HCs.Conclusions:This study did not detect alterations in AMT and EFT characteristics in either ED group compared with HCs. The findings were discussed regarding the sample characteristics (e.g., illness severity). Individual differences in childhood teasing and betrayal sensitivity seem to be related to generating more vivid negative memories and future events, which might increase the risk of making past and future victimisation-related events more salient. Imagery-based techniques incorporated into the psychological interventions might reduce the emotional intensity/vividness of recalled memories and anticipated threats.
Quantitative analysis of predictors of acoustic materials for noise reduction as sustainable strategies for materials in the automotive industry
Authors: Gabor Rozalia-Manuela , Blaga Petruta , Caseriu Bianca-Mihaela 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study proposes a qualitative analysis to identify the best predictors for ensuring passive noise control, aiming to achieve superior acoustic comfort in transportation systems. The study is based on real experimental data on materials from six different classes and employs a multidisciplinary approach, including Mann‒Whitney U tests, Kruskal‒Wallis analysis with Dunn's post hoc multiple comparisons, and multilinear regression. This research presents an analysis and evaluation of how the physical properties of various materials influence acoustic comfort, acoustic absorption class, and absorption class performance and proposes quantitative models for material selection to address sustainable strategies in the automotive industry. The results highlight significant differences between material categories in terms of acoustic absorption properties and demonstrate the importance of rigorous material selection in vehicle design to enhance acoustic comfort. Additionally, the research contributes to the development of predictive models that estimate acoustic performance based on the physical properties of materials, providing a basis for optimizing material selection in the design phase.
Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of the Heliospheric Current Sheet: Interpretation of Three Solar Energetic Particle Events
Authors: Liou Kan , Wu Chin-Chun , Wood Brian E. , Hutting Lynn 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The role the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) plays in the propagation of solar energetic particles (SEPs) has been actively studied but is still poorly understood. One of the missing key measurements that hinders the progress of studies is the global context of HCS structure relative to the SEP source, e.g., shocks driven by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) during an episode of SEP event. In this study we employ a global magnetohydrodynamic simulation to provide the global context of the solar wind during three CME events. The three CME events occurred on July 12, 2012 (JUL12), April 3, 2010 (APR03), and March 15, 2013 (MAR15) and shared a number of similar properties: all CMEs (1) were of halo type and were originated near the Sun-Earth line, (2) were fast (>~1000 km/s initially), with similar Sun-to-Earth transit time, (4) were accompanied with shocks observed at 1 AU, and (4) induced large geomagnetic storms. However , the onset time and intensity of the SEP (~3–41 MeV/nuc. He) at 1 AU were quite different. With the help of our MHD simulation, it is determined that delays of SEP flux for the studied events are due to the presence of the HCS between the CME source and the observer. It is also shown that elevated SEP fluxes can occur after part of the CME expands into the same magnetic sector as the observer or the observer moved across the HCS. This study supports a recent study [Liou and Wu, 2024] that the HCS can limit the propagation of energetic particles, at least in the energy range studied here, in the heliosphere.
Psychological distress in adults after pediatric kidney replacement therapy
Authors: Laube Nora , Mader Luzius , Heinzelmann Marc-Andrea , Hunziker Sandra , Michel Gisela , Kuehni Claudia , Laube Guido 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
There is limited information about psychological distress in adults who underwent kidney replacement therapy (KRT) during childhood. This study aimed to describe psychological distress in adults after KRT during childhood in comparison to the Swiss general population and to evaluate associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Methods
We sent a questionnaire to 143 people from the Swiss Pediatric Renal Registry (SPRR), who were alive, over 18 years old, starting KRT before the age of 18 years, and being German speaking. We measured psychological distress using the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) and evaluated the Global Severity Index 18 (GSI-18), reflecting the overall level of distress, and the three subscales depression, somatization, and anxiety. We compared levels of psychological distress to norm data from the Swiss general population and used regression models to identify associations with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
Results
Eighty persons with a mean age of 39 years (SD 10.1) responded to the questionnaire (response rate 56%). Overall, the GSI-18 and all subscales of the BSI-18 were similar among study participants and the Swiss general population. Unemployed participants reported higher levels of somatization and were more likely to experience psychological distress. Participants using psychotropic drugs (antidepressants or sleep medication) reported higher levels of overall psychological distress, depression, and somatization.
Conclusions
Adults after KRT during childhood showed good long-term psychological well-being. These results are encouraging and underline the favorable outcome of these patients. So besides the excellent somatic outcome, these patients can achieve a psychological healthy life after diagnosis of chronic kidney failure.