bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Karyology of Natural 4X, 6X and 8X Progenies of a Tetraploid (4X) Clone of Bromus inermis Leyss1
Authors: Hill Helen D. , Carnahan H. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPlants of a 28‐chromosome clone of bromegrass were interplanted in a nursery of 56‐chromosome Bromus inermis. Progeny of the tetraploid clone included tetraploid, hexaploid and octoploid plants. The tetraploids were regular in meiosis, the hexaploids very irregular and the two octoploids fairly regular.The meiotic data supported the hypothesis that Bromus inermis is autoploid for two basic genomes.
Yields and Other Agronomic Characteristics of Cytoplasmically Pollen Sterile Corn Hybrids, Compared to Their Normal Counterparts1
Authors: Duvick Donald N. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPerformance patterns of several corn hybrids were changed with respect to grain yield, barrenness, tillering and in one instance, root lodging when Texas (T) cytoplasm was substituted for the hybrids' normal cytoplasm. Grain yield and barrenness of another hybrid were affected when USDA (S) cytoplasm was substituted for its normal cytoplasm. The extent and direction of these induced changes were markedly affected by (1) the genotype and (2) the physical environment during the growing season.
The Significance of Subsoil and Soil Series in Nebraska Soil Testing1
Authors: Olson R. A. , Dreier A. F. , Sorensen R. C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisLaboratory testing and field trials of fertilizers have established the important Nebraska soil series in definite categories with regard to pH, K and P status. Rather close correlation of subsoil nutrient status with that of the topsoil was noted. Thus little advantage would be expected from subsoil testing for annual crops. Fertilizer yield response data for small grains in the case of phosphorus verified the laboratory observations.
Gene Interactions in Maize Affecting Endosperm Properties1
Authors: Kramer H. H. , Pfahler P. L. , Whistler R. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe action and interaction of 5 genes, ae, du, su1, su2, and wx, conditioned amylose percentages in starch ranging from 0 to over 70%. Combinations of du, su2, and su2, which increased amylose content in a normal background, decreased amylose content in a homozygous ae background, and produced no amylose in a wx background. The five genes conditioned specific birefringence end‐point temperatures of endosperm starch and clear cut epistatic relationships in combination. End‐point temperatures were not related to amylose content.
Availability of Soil Phosphorus as Determined by Several Chemical Methods1
Authors: Lathwell D. J. , Sanchez N. , Lisk D. J. , Peech M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisMethods employing an anion‐exchange resin were found to predict with a high degree of accuracy the phosphorus needs of soils as determined by crop responses to applications of phosphatic fertilizer.
The Relation Between Precipitation, Temperature and the Yield of Corn on the Agronomy South Farm, Urbana, Illinois1
Authors: Runge E. C. A. , Odell R. T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPrecipitation and maximum daily temperatures 50 to 74 days before and 14 to 30 days after full tassel explained up to 67% of the corn yield variability during the period 1903 through 1956. When the upward trend in yields was included in this analysis, approximately 75% of the corn yield variability was explained.
A Comparison of Coastal and Common Bermudagrasses (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) in the Piedmont Region: I. Yield Response to Fertilization1
Authors: Adams William E. , Stelly Matthias 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCoastal Bermudagrass grown with or without crimson clover was superior to common Bermudagrass at all fertility levels on Cecil sandy loam. Soil pH and soil K2O decreased with increasing N rates. Crimson clover suppressed the growth of the two Bermudagrasses in the first harvest, but increased the growth in the second harvest over grass without clover. Inclusion of clover increased the total forage production and provided earlier grazing than grass alone.
Effects of Polyploidy on Cotton Fibers1
Authors: Kamra Om P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisArtificial polyploids exhibited the usual effects of chromosome doubling. Fiber perimeters and X‐ray angle increased apparently in the same proportion in the artificial Old World tetraploids, suggesting that polyploidy increases fiber thickness, but not length of helix in which the cellulose fibrils are deposited. In most samples of G. hirsutum octoploids, no such increase could be observed. In chimeras, leaf and seed epidermis (fibers) were sometimes derived from the same and sometimes from different cell layers.
Variation in Domestic Collections of Switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L1
Authors: Eberhart S. A. , Newell L. C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisComparisons of endemic strains of switch‐grass collected from native grassland show heritable variation which should be useful in a program of varietal improvement. Large numbers of collections should be made and breeding material selected for desired characters from the best native strains.
Vegetative and Floral Development in Red Clover as Affected by Duration and Intensity of Illumination1
Authors: Bula R. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIllumination period and intensity markedly affected dry weight accumulation or vegetative development in red clover. No floral stems were developed under illumination periods shorter than 16 hours regardless of intensity. Floral development occurred under low intensities and long illumination periods but was not as profuse as at higher intensities.
Cotton Seed Quality Preservation by a Hard Seed Coat Characteristic Which Restricts Internal Water Uptake1
Authors: Christiansen Meryl N. , Moore R. P. , Rhyne C. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAt high humidities, the moisture content of mature, normal cotton seed readily attains levels which cause rapid degeneration of embryos. In hard seeded types, an impermeable coat restricts water movement into embryos during periods of high atmospheric humidity thus permitting embryos to be maintained at earlier established low moisture contents that are favorable for preservation of seed quality.
Chemical, Anatomical, and Histochemical Studies on the Navy Bean Seed1
Authors: Powrie W. D. , Adams M. W. , Pflug I. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe seed coats, cotyledons, and embryonic axes constituted 7.7%, 90.5%, and 1.8% of the dry bean matter, respectively. Significant differences were found in the chemical composition of seed tissues. The migration of water through hydrated seed coats was demonstrated. The starch content of cotyledons was 39.3%. Starch granules were imbedded in protein matrices of parenchyma cells. The parenchyma cells of cotyledons possessed thick secondary walls with numerous paired pits.
Effect of Soil Compaction on Tomato and Potato Yields1
Authors: Flocker W. J. , Timm H. , Vomocil J. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisYield of tomatoes was not significantly reduced following severe soil compaction but yield and quality of potatoes were lowered. Equipment operated over the soil in the fall when soil moisture is high caused soil compaction in the upper 6‐inch profile but this compaction tended to be alleviated during the winter months.
Zinc Deficiency of Corn and Potatoes as Related to Soil and Plant Analyses1
Authors: Grunes D. L. , Boawn L. C. , Carlson C. W. , Viets F. G. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisZn deficiencies of irrigated corn and potatoes were observed on exposed subsoils, following the removal of surface soil to facilitate gravity irrigation. Applications of ZnSO4 or manure remedied the Zn deficiency.
Effects of Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilization on Yield and Malting Quality of Barley1
Authors: Reisenauer H. M. , Dickson A. D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisBarley yields in three field experiments were increased by nitrogen and sulfur fertilization with a significant nitrogen × sulfur yield interaction. The higher rates of nitrogen fertilization decreased kernel size, increasd barley, malt, and wort nitrogen, and reduced malting quality. Sulfur fertilization had no effect on nitrogen content but increased the enzymatic activities of the malts.
Factors Affecting Tillering in Alfalfa1
Authors: Cowett Everett R. , Sprague Milton A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisTillering of established alfalfa plants was increased by anti‐auxin application and a short photoperiod, whereas tillering of seedlings was increased by long photoperiods. Soil moisture, light intensity, temperature, mineral nutrition, and cutting treatment altered bud and stem development concurrently as they affected vigor and over‐all growth.
Comparison of the Effects of Chemical and Sweep Tillage Methods of Summer Fallow on Some Properties of Pullman Silty Clay Loam1
Authors: McCalla T. M. , Army T. J. , Wiese A. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisUsing dalapon, 2,4‐D, and amitrole instead of sweep tillage for weed control during fallow periods in a wheat‐sorghum rotation did not have a measurable effect on soil pH, organic matter, wet sieve aggregation, or microorganisms. Chemical weed control reduced the number of nematodes and the nitrate content in the surface inch of soil. In laboratory studies, the three herbicides did not cause prolonged reductions in nitrification unless applied at excessively high amounts.
Tolerance of Berseem Clover to Salt1
Authors: Kaddah Malek T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe four known varieties of berseem exhibited moderate tolerance to salt. In general the sum of total cations in tops showed relatively little variation with increasing salinity. Successive cuts of berseem manifested different responses to salinity which generally though not invariably increased dry matter content in the fresh fodder.
Establishment and Yield of Late‐Summer Alfalfa Seedings as Influenced by Placement of Seed and Phosphate Fertilizer, Seeding Rate, and Row Spacing1
Authors: Carmer S. G. , Jackobs J. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisBand‐placement of seed and fertilizer increased the yield when adverse environmental conditions followed the seeding date, but not under more favorable conditions. The level of intra‐crop competition during the seeding year increased as seeding rate and population increased, but was also influenced by the environment. Intra‐crop competition was apparently lower when emergence was delayed 3 weeks due to dry weather. High levels of intra‐crop competition may limit plant size and subsequent yield.
Evaluating the Effects of Cutting Date on Yield and Nutritive Value of Alfalfa with Rabbit Feeding Trials and Chemical Analysis1
Authors: Moline W. J. , Wedin W. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisYield reductions from early harvest of first‐cutting alfalfa generally were compensated for by increased yields of dry matter of the second cutting. The decrease in percent crude protein and increase in percent crude fiber with advanced maturity of alfalfa were more pronounced in first cutting forage than in the second cutting. Feeding trials with rabbits effectively demonstrated a decrease in the nutritive value of alfalfa with increase in maturity of the first cutting.
Root Distribution and Development of Vegetable Crops as Measured by Radioactive Phosphorus Injection Technique1
Authors: Hammes Jack K. , Bartz J. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCarrot roots were active to a depth of 30 inches and showed deeper rooting in a loam than in a muck. Between blossom and harvest snap bean roots developed at a rapid rate and primarily downward. About 80% of the actively absorbing roots of onion and pepper were in the upper 8 inches of soil. On Carlisle muck there was little difference in P uptake by potatoes at applications of 2 to 16 pounds P per acre.
Leaching and Gaseous Losses of Nitrogen From Some Nontilled California Soils1
Authors: Harding R. B. , Embleton T. W. , Jones W. W. , Ryan T. M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisLeaching and volatile losses of N from some southern California soils were studied when various nitrogenous fertilizers were broadcast and unincorporated. Under sprinkler irrigation, substantial leaching losses occurred with Ca(NO3)2. Manure was an inefficient source of N. Substantial volatile losses of NH3 occurred with urea on calcareous as well as acid soils. In comparative studies of atmospheric NH3 loss, the order of magnitude was urea>(NH4)2SO4>NH4NO3> urea‐formaldehyde.
Persistence of Ladino Clover, Trifolium repens L.1
Authors: Schillinger J. A. , Leffel R. C. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPersistence of Ladino white clover as measured by percent ground cover was not affected by a high level of potassium fertilization, a winter mulch of wheat straw, reseeding practices, or an orchardgrass association when compared with optimum management practices but was improved by preplanting soil sterilizations and subsequent applications of soil and foliar insecticides throughout the 2l/2 years of the experiment.
Available Zinc Status of Wisconsin Soils as Determined by Aspergillus niger1
Authors: Martens D. C. , Chesters G. , Murdock J. T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe method involves buffering the test system with oxalic acid to suppress growth of contaminating microorganisms; an incubation period of 8 days at 30° C. is recommended. From statistical analyses the A. niger assay can be used to predict satisfactorily the uptake of Zn by plants particularly if the effects of pH and clay content of the soil are taken into account when making the prediction.
Influence of Plant Population, Hybrid, and “Productivity Level” on Irrigated Corn Production1
Authors: Colville W. L. , Dreier A. , McGill D. P. , Grabouski P. , Ehlers P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisHighest grain yields were obtained from adapted full season corn hybrids grown at 16,000 to 20,000 plants per acre. Portions of the yield losses associated with planting early as compared to full season hybrids can be recovered by planting at higher populations per acre. “Productivity level” of the experimental areas and hybrid markedly influenced the slope, direction, and shape of grain yield curves.
Response of Lee Soybeans to Different Strains of Rhizobium japonicum1
Authors: Abel George H. , Erdman Lewis W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn soils free of soybean rhizobia, some strains of Rhizobium japonicum were more effective than others on Lee soybeans. In rhizobia‐contaminated soil, none of the strains caused any detectable growth responses on seed‐inoculated plants.
Influence of Nitrogen and Potassium on the Yield and Chemical Composition of Orchardgrass1
Authors: Griffith William K. , Teel Merle R. , Parker Herbert E. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisNitrogen increased orchardgrass yields significantly throughout the season. However, potassium produced a significant yield increase only at the third harvest. Both nutrients depressed the percent total fructose of the sheaths during the first two growth periods. This effect was reversed for nitrogen during the third growth period. Asparagine accumulated abnormally in the second and third harvests when potassium fell below 1.6% of the dry weight.
Estimation of Soil Variability and Convenient Plot Size From Corn Trials1
Authors: Hallauer Arnel R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisEstimates of soil variability were obtained from data on experimental corn grown at 15 locations in Iowa. A weighted regression analysis was used and an estimate of .46 was obtained from the combined analysis over all locations with the estimates at the individual locations ranging from .35 to .78. Convenient combinations of plot size were calculated for various combinations of soil variability and coefficients of variation.
Nitrogen Dioxide Production From Silage. II. Detailed Field Survey1
Authors: Scaletti J. V. , Jezeski J. J. , Gates C. E. , Schuman L. M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisDuring a 5‐year period (1957–1961), the presence of NO2 gas produced from corn silage in concentrations considered haazrdous was observed on 42% of 554 Minnesota farms. The highest incidence of positive samples occurred during a drought year, 1959 (78%), and the following year (55%). Temperature and rainfall variables were associated with the production of NO2 gas as were certain soil properties including texture, organic matter, available phosphorus, and potassium.
Effect of Nitrogen, Potassium, and Plant Age on Certain Nitrogenous Constituents and Malate Content of Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)1
Authors: Cummings George A. , Teel Merle R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisMalate, true protein nitrogen, free amino nitrogen, and nonprotein nitrogen other than free amino nitrogen were positively correlated with nitrogen supply with both 4‐ and 6‐week‐old orchardgrass leaves. The degree of association varied with plant age and potassium content. Nonprotein nitrogen compounds and malate were negatively correlated with potassium. True protein was positively correlated with the potassium content.
Effect of Planting Date on Seed Yield, Oil Content, and Water Requirement of Safflower1
Authors: Luebs R. E. , Yermanos D. M. , Laag A. E. , Burge W. D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisYields of irrigated safflower decreased between 150 and 300 pounds per acre for each 4‐ to 6‐week delay in planting from January 16 to April 23. Seed weight, hull content, linoleic acid content, and iodine values of the oil decreased in the later plantings, while oil content of seed increased. Total irrigation requirements for January, February, and March plantings were similar. Average consumptive moisture use was 34.4 inches, and the peak average daily moisture use was 0.39 inch.
Effect of Soil Moisture Tension on CO2 Evolution From Corn Seedlings1
Authors: Twersky M. , Perrier E. R. , Peters D. B. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe conversion of dry matter from the endosperm to the embryo decreases as soil moisture tension increases. CO2 evolution also decreases with increasing soil moisture tension. The decline in embryo growth and CO2 evolution exhibits a parallel relationship with growth decreasing at a faster rate than CO2 evolution.
Establishing and Maintaining Roadside Cover in the Piedmont Plateau of Georgia1
Authors: Richardson E. C. , Diseker Ellis G. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisErosion control can be secured on most steep roadbanks by establishing good vegetative cover of adapted species. Mulch aids this cover establishment and provides temporary erosion control until sufficient plant cover develops. Adequate fertilizer and lime hasten plant growth and cover. Proper mowing schedules aid seed production, plant vigor, and cover development.
Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Carbohydrate Content of Coastal Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon, (L.), Pers.)1
Authors: Adegbola Anthony A. , McKell Cyrus M. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study relates the effect of applying nitrogen at 3 rates (0, 100, and 250 pounds per acre applied at 6‐week intervals) on the carbohydrate content of leaves, stems and stolons, and roots and rhizomes of Coastal bermudagrass. Plant tissues were analyzed for reducing (glucose and fructose) and nonreducing (sucrose) sugars and for fructosans every 2 weeks during the 1963 growing season.The reducing sugar content of leaves increased with increasing rates of fertilization. In stems and stolons, as well as in roots and rhizomes, no significant changes occurred in reducing sugar content throughout the growth season. In the leaves there were no significant differences in content of sucrose and fructosan due to fertilizer application, but in stems and stolons, as well as in rhizomes and roots, sucrose and fructosan content decreased with increasing fertilization.Bermudagrass fertilized at the high rate apparently retains most of the newly synthesized carbohydrate as reducing sugar in the leaves. The amount of carbohydrate translocated into rhizomes at the high nitrogen level is a small fraction of the total amount synthesized. During the active growth phase, sucrose may be equally as important a source of reserve for regrowth as fructosan.
Moisture Storage and Spring Wheat Yields on Level‐Bench Terraces as Influenced by Contributing Area Cover and Evaporation Control1
Authors: Haas H. J. , Willis W. O. , Boatwright G. O. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractLevel‐bench terraces on land with 5 to 9% slope increased water storage and wheat yields as shown in a study conducted from 1959 through 1962. Various types of contributing areas were used. Runoff from wheat or grass contributing areas had minor influence on moisture storage and yields on the bench. An impervious contributing area increased moisture storage on the bench by 1.3 inches and wheat yields by 4.7 bushels per acre. Deep percolation near the base of the impervious slope caused some nutrient leaching and moisture loss. Partial evaporation control (32‐inch wide plastic film strips covering 90% of minor ridges on the bench) from harvest to seeding increased moisture storage by 1.4 inches and wheat yields by 3 bushels per acre.Results indicate possible methods of conserving precipitation normally lost, particularly during the dormant or winter period. Principal advantages of level‐bench terraces appear to be collecting snow, preventing runoff of snow‐melt and torrential‐type rains, reducing erosion, and increasing yields through moisture conservation.
Relationship of Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) Root Growth to Environmental Factors in the Field1
Authors: Beard James B. , Daniel William H. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractTemperature was found to be the most consistent environmental factor in accounting for variation in root number and color of irrigated creeping bentgrass. Soil temperature at the 6‐inch depth was most highly correlated with root growth. Light intensity ranked second in accounting for variation in root activity while soil moisture was quite low. There were only two times when new roots were produced. In both cases, this new root growth occurred right after a very sharp drop in temperature suggesting that lower temperatures either initiate root elongation or are required for the elongation of new roots from bentgrass crowns.
Effect of Nitrogen Forms on the Absorption of Bromide by Sorghum1
Authors: Chao T. T. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractPot experiments were conducted to determine the effect of nitrogen forms on the absorption of bromide added as NaBr by sorghum. Plants supplied with NH4‐N absorbed a greater amount of bromide than those with NO3‐N while plants with a combination of NH4‐N and NO3‐N (1:1 ratio) were intermediate. There was a linear relationship between the amount of bromide applied and that absorbed by sorghum. The recovery of bromide in plant tops amounted to two‐thirds of the bromide applied. Soil fumigation with D‐D coupled widi N‐Serve effectively inhibited nitrification of NH4‐N fertilizer applied to soil. Such technique may be useful in studies where the effect of NH4‐N versus NOs‐N on plant nutrition is to be compared.
Yield and Nutrient Uptake by Orchardgrass as Affected by 14 Annual Applications of N, P and K1
Authors: Singh R. N. , Martens D. C. , Obenshain S. S. , Jones G. D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractOrchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata) grown on Davidson clay loam showed a yield response to N in 1949 and 1950, to N and K from 1951 to 1953 and to N, P and K from 1954 to 1962. During the latter period, yield response to a given nutrient occurred only if adequate amounts of the other two were applied. Lower yields were obtained with 171 than with 114 kg of N/ha in 1958 without applied K and in 1960 to 1962 with applied K. This apparently resulted from higher uptake of K with 171 kg of applied N and a cumulative depletion of available K in the soil.