bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The intelligent Impella: Future perspectives of artificial intelligence in the setting of Impella support
Authors: Consolo Filippo , D'Andria Ursoleo Jacopo , Pieri Marina , Nardelli Pasquale , Cianfanelli Lorenzo , Pazzanese Vittorio , Ajello Silvia , Scandroglio Anna Mara 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsArtificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a potential useful tool to support clinical treatment of heart failure, including the setting of mechanical circulatory support (MCS). Modern Impella pumps are equipped with advanced technology (SmartAssist), enabling real‐time acquisition and display of data related to both pump performance and the patient's haemodynamic status. These data emerge as an ‘ideal’ source for data‐driven AI applications to predict the clinical course of an ongoing therapeutic protocol. Yet, no evidence of effective application of AI tools in the setting of Impella support is available. On this background, we aimed at identifying possible future applications of AI‐based tools in the setting of temporary MCS with an Impella device.MethodsWe explored the state of research and development at the intersection of AI and Impella support and derived future potential applications of AI in routine Impella clinical management.ResultsWe identified different areas where the future implementation of AI tools may contribute to addressing important clinical challenges in the setting of Impella support, including (i) early identification of the best suited pathway of care according to patients' conditions at presentation and intention to treat, (ii) prediction of therapy outcomes according to different possible therapeutic actions, (iii) optimization of device implantation procedures and evaluation of proper pump position over the whole course of support and (iv) prevention and/or rationale management of haemocompatibility‐related adverse events. For each of those areas, we discuss the potential advantages, challenges and implications of harnessing AI‐driven insights in the setting of MCS with an Impella device.ConclusionsTemporary MCS with an Impella device has great potential to benefit from the integration of AI‐based tools. Such tools may indeed translate into groundbreaking innovation supporting clinical decision‐making and therapy regulation, in particular in complex scenarios such as the multidevice MCS strategy.
Aragonite and Its Composites: Preparations, Properties and Applications
Authors: Zhong Shuming , Yin Yanzhen , Liang Xingtang , Deng Qin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAragonite, a metastable crystal form of calcium carbonate, exhibits the highest density and hardness among all species. Diversified forms of aragonite composites can be produced through different preparation processes, forming a relatively complete system in various application fields. Their properties and applications are determined by their multiple levels of structures and shapes. However, research information for aragonite‐related fields is currently lacking integration and clarification. This review provides a comprehensive overview on the preparation methods, properties, and potential applications of three main aragonite‐based materials: aragonite particles, nacre‐inspired mineralized aragonite composites (NMACs), and shell‐derived aragonite nanoparticles (SANPs). The formation mechanisms and versatile applications of these materials are thoroughly surveyed based on their initial precursor, reaction conditions, product forms including filler of aragonite whiskers synthesized by carbonation reaction; functional materials of NMACs fabricated by amorphous calcium carbonate‐organic matter (ACC‐OM) mediated process; biomedical materials of SANPs derived from aragonite cockle shells. Overall, this review aims to provide assistance for customized production of aragonite‐based materials as well as new research directions for both pure aragonites and its composites.
Anti‐Breast Cancer Stem Cell Properties of Silver(I)‐Non‐Steroidal Anti‐Inflammatory Drug Complexes
Authors: Singh Karampal , Singh Kuldip , Johnson Alice , Suntharalingam Kogularamanan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe synthesis and characterisation of a series of silver(I) complexes (1–7) containing non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and triphenylphosphine ligands is reported. The diclofenac‐containing silver(I) complex 1 exhibits micromolar potency towards bulk breast cancer cells and breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) cultured in monolayers. Notably, the silver(I) complex 1 displays up to 9.4‐fold higher potency towards three‐dimensional mammospheres than cisplatin (a clinically used anticancer metallodrug) and salinomycin (a breast‐CSC active small molecule). Mechanistic studies show that the silver(I) complex 1 readily interacts with thiol‐containing biomolecules in solution and elevates intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in breast CSCs. Interestingly the silver(I) complex 1 does not perturb cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) expression in breast CSCs and its cytotoxicity is unaffected in the presence of prostaglandin E2, implicative of a COX‐2 independent mechanism of action.
Trifluoromethoxylation of Arynes Using 2,4‐Dinitro‐1‐(trifluoromethoxybenzene) as Trifluoromethoxide Anion Source
Authors: Wisson L. , Hanquet G. , Toulgoat F. , Billard T. , Panossian A. , Leroux F. R. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe trifluoromethoxy moiety, an emerging fluorinated group, shows interesting properties for pharmaceutical and agrochemical applications. However, only few methods have been reported for the direct introduction of this group on molecules with high efficiency, safety and low cost. Indeed, most of direct trifluoromethoxylation reagents are either expensive, hazardous or require preliminary synthesis before their use. Here we describe the use of 2,4‐dinitro‐1‐(trifluoromethoxy)benzene (DNTFB) as an easy‐to‐handle, safe, commercially available and cheap source of trifluoromethoxide anion for the trifluoromethoxylation of arynes.
Changes in CpG Methylation of the Vitellogenin 1 Promoter in Adult Male Zebrafish after Exposure to 17α-Ethynylestradiol
Authors: Kolli Ramya T. , Glenn Travis C. , Bringolf Robert B. , Henderson Matthew , Cummings Brian S. , Kenneke John F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Numerous pharmaceutical and industrial chemicals are classified as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that interfere with hormonal homeostasis, leading to developmental disorders and other pathologies. The synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) is used in oral contraceptives and other hormone therapies. EE2 and other estrogens are inadvertently introduced into aquatic environments through municipal wastewater and agricultural effluents. Exposure of male fish to estrogens increases expression of the egg yolk precursor protein vitellogenin (Vtg), which is used as a molecular marker of exposure to estrogenic EDCs. The mechanisms behind Vtg induction are not fully known, and we hypothesized that it is regulated via DNA methylation. Adult zebrafish were exposed to either dimethyl sulfoxide or 20 ng/L EE2 for 14 days. Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and DNA methylation were assessed in male zebrafish livers at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 4, 7, and 14 days of exposure; and those of females were assessed at 13 days (n ≥ 4/group/time point). To test the persistence of any changes, we included a recovery group that received EE2 for 7 days and did not receive any for the following 7 days, in the total 14-day study. Methylation of DNA at the vtg1 promoter was assessed with targeted gene bisulfite sequencing in livers of adult male and female zebrafish. A significant increase in vtg1 mRNA was observed in the EE2-exposed male fish as early as 6 h. Interestingly, DNA methylation changes were observed at 4 days. Decreases in the overall methylation of the vtg1 promoter in exposed males resulted in levels comparable to those in female controls, suggesting feminization. Importantly, DNA methylation levels in males remained significantly impacted after 7 days post–EE2 removal, unlike mRNA levels. These data identify an epigenetic mark of feminization that may serve as an indicator of not only estrogenic exposure but also previous exposure to EE2. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1547–1556. © 2024 SETAC. This article has been contributed to by U.S. Government employees and their work is in the public domain in the USA.
Impact of oxygen scavenger, temperature, and packaging materials on freshness quality of packaged green teas during storage
Authors: Fan Fangyuan , Wang Zipei , Chen Xiaogan , Yu Qiuwen , Yang Xiufang , Su Xiaoqin , Zhang Xu , Wang Jiawei , Xu Yingxin , Chen Ping , Chu Qiang , Guo Haowei , Gong Shuying 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGreen tea is renowned for its exceptional freshness; nevertheless, preserving its freshness poses a formidable challenge during storage due to its susceptibility to environmental factors. However, the effect of storage factors on freshness quality of green tea remains unclear, particularly with a lack of research studies regarding aroma quality and associated volatiles. In this study, we investigated the effects of oxygen scavenger, temperature, and packaging materials on freshness quality of packaged green teas during storage. The sensory freshness and corresponding volatile metabolites of the samples were investigated; the sensory‐chemical changes among packaged green teas during storage under different treatments were further explored. The freshness preservation in packaged green teas can be effectively achieved through the implementation of low‐temperature storage, packaging with oxygen scavenger and utilizing packaging with minimal oxygen permeability. A total of 151 volatile compounds were detected in all samples, among which 104 volatiles were identified as key contributors for distinguishing sample groups under 3 different treatments. The presence of volatiles with green, spicy, minty, and vegetable notes was found to be positively correlated with high freshness quality observed in packaged green tea. Conversely, an increase in volatiles characterized by fruity, sweet, fatty, and alkane notes was associated with the freshness deterioration. The volatiles changes that lead to freshness deterioration occurred especially under conditions of elevated temperature and increased oxygen levels, predominantly involving fat degradation, lipid oxidation, the Maillard reaction, carotenoids degradation, and dehydration reactions. The findings provide a theoretical foundation for the advancement of storage technology in packaged green teas.
Directionally‐split volume‐of‐fluid technique for front propagation under curvature flow
Authors: Fakhreddine Ali , Alamé Karim , Mahesh Krishnan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA directionally‐split volume‐of‐fluid (VOF) methodology for evolving interfaces under curvature‐dependent speed is devised. The interface is reconstructed geometrically and the volume fraction is advected with a technique to incorporate a topological volume conservation constraint. The proposed approach uses the idea that the role of curvature in a speed function is analogous to the role of viscosity in the corresponding hyperbolic conservation law to propagate complex interfaces where singularities may exist. The approach has the advantage of simple implementation and straightforward extension to more complex multiphase systems by formulating the interface evolution problem using energy functionals to derive an expression for the interface‐advecting velocity. The numerical details of the volume‐of‐fluid based formulation are discussed with emphasis on the importance of curvature estimation. Finally, canonical curves and surfaces traditionally investigated by the level set (LS) method are tested with the devised approach and the results are compared with existing work in LS.
Inhibition of phosphodiesterase 4 attenuates aquaporin 4 expression and astrocyte swelling following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Chen Kechun , Xu Bingtian , Qiu Shuqin , Long Lu , Zhao Qian , Xu Jiangping , Wang Haitao 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWe have previously shown that phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibition protects against neuronal injury in rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). However, the effects of PDE4 on brain edema and astrocyte swelling are unknown. In this study, we showed that inhibition of PDE4 by Roflumilast (Roflu) reduced brain edema and brain water content in rats subjected to MCAO/R. Roflu decreased the expression of aquaporin 4 (AQP4), while the levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt) and forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) were increased. In addition, Roflu reduced cell volume and the expression of AQP4 in primary astrocytes undergoing oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Consistently, PDE4B knockdown showed similar effects as PDE4 inhibition; and PDE4B overexpression rescued the inhibitory role of PDE4B knockdown on AQP4 expression. We then found that the effects of Roflu on the expression of AQP4 and cell volume were blocked by the Akt inhibitor MK2206. Since neuroinflammation and astrocyte activation are the common events that are observed in stroke, we treated primary astrocytes with interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β). Astrocytes treated with IL‐1β showed decreased AQP4 and phosphorylated Akt and FoxO3a. Roflu significantly reduced AQP4 expression, which was accompanied by increased phosphorylation of Akt and FoxO3a. Furthermore, overexpression of FoxO3a partly reversed the effect of Roflu on AQP4 expression. Our findings suggest that PDE4 inhibition limits ischemia‐induced brain edema and astrocyte swelling via the Akt/FoxO3a/AQP4 pathway. PDE4 is a promising target for the intervention of brain edema after cerebral ischemia.
Ethnic Variation and Structure‐Function Analysis of Tauopathy‐Associated PERK Alleles
Authors: Park Goonho , Galdamez Angela , Song Keon‐Hyoung , Le Masako , Kim Kyle , Lin Jonathan H. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEIF2AK3, also known as PERK, plays a pivotal role in cellular proteostasis, orchestrating the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and Integrated Stress Response (ISR) pathways. In addition to its central position in intracellular stress regulation, human GWAS identify EIF2AK3 as a risk factor in tauopathies, neurodegenerative diseases caused by aberrant tau protein accumulation. Guided by these genomic indicators, our investigation systematically analyzed human PERK variants, focusing on those with potential tauopathy linkages. We assembled a comprehensive data set of human PERK variants associated with Wolcott Rallison Syndrome (WRS), tauopathies, and bioinformatically predicted loss‐of‐function, referencing the gnomAD, Ensembl, and NCBI databases. We found extensive racial/ethnic variation in the prevalence of common PERK polymorphisms linked to tauopathies. Using SWISS‐MODEL, we identified structural perturbations in the ER stress‐sensing luminal domain dimers/oligomers of tauopathy‐associated PERK variants, Haplotypes A and B, in combination with another tauopathy‐linked R240H mutation. Recombinant expression of disease‐associated variants in vitro revealed altered PERK signal transduction kinetics in response to ER stress compared to the predominant non‐disease variant. In summary, our data further substantiates that human PERK variants identified in tauopathy genetic studies negatively impact PERK structure, function, and downstream signaling with significant variations in prevalence among different racial and ethnic groups.
Family cumulative risk, life satisfaction, and anxiety and depression in adolescents: A developmental cascades model
Authors: Xiong Junmei , Fang Xuebing , Wang Jiawei , Xie Weiwei , Liu Meiqi , Niu Gengfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionFamily cumulative risk (FCR) is predominantly regarded as an antecedent for adolescent mental health, as the prevailing perspective continues to emphasize the influential role of parents, despite recognizing the child's influence. To identify the interplay between family adversity (FCR, process‐related FCR, and sociodemographic‐related FCR), life satisfaction (LS), and anxiety and depression (AD), this study examined the cascade effects among these constructs.MethodParticipants (N = 707; 52.9% male; grades 10 and 11) from four high schools in Wuhan, China, were recruited to participate, and they completed the measures in October 2018, April 2019, and November 2019. Family sociodemographic risk (e.g., single parenthood) and family process risk (e.g., low family cohesion) were simulated in the models for FCR, sociodemographic‐related FCR, and process‐related FCR.ResultsThe random intercept cross‐lagged panel models (RI‐CLPMs) revealed a lagged effect from LS to FCR; lagged effects from LS and AD to process‐related FCR at the within‐person level; and significant associations between LS, AD, and family adversity at the between‐person level.ConclusionsThe lagged effects provide evidence for the influential child perspective and suggest that FCR and family process risk are sensitive to adolescent well‐being and psychopathological symptoms. School mental health prevention and intervention programs that take a complete mental health approach to enhance children's well‐being and alleviate symptoms would help prevent increases in family risk.
Synthesis and study of organo‐modified silica based hydrogels: Rheological properties and drug release kinetics
Authors: Parfenyuk Elena V. , Dolinina Ekaterina S. , Kraev Anton S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe method of synthesis of unmodified and organo‐modified silica hydrogels and their composites with orotic acid as a model drug was developed. The hydrogels had a pH of 6.5–7.8. The particulate nature and highly porous structures of the hydrogel materials were revealed using scanning electron and optical microscopy methods. The content of aqueous phase in the hydrogels was 99% or more. In order to evaluate the possibility of their application as a basis for development of novel soft drug formulations and cosmetic compositions, rheological properties of the hydrogels and in vitro release kinetics of the drug were studied. The effects of synthesis conditions (increasing concentration of catalyst of silica sol formation, drug loading) and the silica matrix modification with various organic groups on the indicated properties were investigated. It was found that all synthesized hydrogels exhibited pseudoplasticity, thixotropy and controlled release of the drug, which are important for their potential application. However, in general, the indicated effects led to worsening the properties of the hydrogel materials in comparison with the unmodified silica hydrogels.
A systematic DFT study of structure and electronic properties of titanium dioxide
Authors: Marzouk Asma , Papavasileiou Konstantinos D. , Peristeras Loukas D. , Bezemer Leendert , van Bavel Alexander P. , Shenai Prathamesh M. , Economou Ioannis G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDFT functionals are of paramount importance for an accurate electronic and structural description of transition metal systems. In this work, a systematic analysis using some well‐known and commonly used DFT functionals is performed. A comparison of the structural and energetic parameters calculated with the available experimental data is made in order to find the adequate functional for an accurate description of the TiO2 bulk and surface of both anatase and rutile structures. In the absence of experimental data on the surface energy, the theoretical predictions obtained using the high‐accuracy HSE06 functional were used as a reference to compare against the surface energy values calculated with the other DFT functionals. A clear improvement in the electronic description of both anatase and rutile was observed by introducing the Hubbard U correction term to PBE, PW91, and OptPBE functionals. The OptPBE‐U4 functional was found to offer a good compromise between accurately describing the structural and electronic properties of titania.
TRPM2 channels are essential for regulation of cytokine production in lung interstitial macrophages
Authors: Rajan Suhasini , Shalygin Alexey , Gudermann Thomas , Chubanov Vladimir , Dietrich Alexander 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInterstitial macrophages (IMs) are essential for organ homeostasis, inflammation, and autonomous immune response in lung tissues, which are achieved through polarization to a pro‐inflammatory M1 and an M2 state for tissue repair. Their remote parenchymal localization and low counts, however, are limiting factors for their isolation and molecular characterization of their specific role during tissue inflammation. We isolated viable murine IMs in sufficient quantities by coculturing them with stromal cells and analyzed mRNA expression patterns of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels in naïve and M1 polarized IMs after application of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon γ. M‐RNAs for the second member of the melastatin family of TRP channels, TRPM2, were upregulated in the M1 state and functional channels were identified by their characteristic currents induced by ADP‐ribose, its specific activator. Most interestingly, cytokine production and secretion of interleukin‐1α (IL‐1α), IL‐6 and tumor necrosis factor‐α in M1 polarized but TRPM2‐deficient IMs was significantly enhanced compared to WT cells. Activation of TRPM2 channels by ADP‐ribose (ADPR) released from mitochondria by ROS‐produced H2O2 significantly increases plasma membrane depolarization, which inhibits production of reactive oxygen species by NADPH oxidases and reduces cytokine production and secretion in a negative feedback loop. Therefore, TRPM2 channels are essential for the regulation of cytokine production in M1‐polarized murine IMs. Specific activation of these channels may promote an anti‐inflammatory phenotype and prevent a harmful cytokine storm often observed in COVID‐19 patients.
Establishing the short course in transferable skills training program
Authors: Lindsey Merry L. , Harris Brandon J. , Dahm Lauren E. , Woods Letha 
Published: May 2024

AbstractWhile PhD programs prepare graduate students to perform biomedical research, a defined systematic training program for transferable skills is generally lacking. When provided, this training is often informal, unstructured, or inconsistent. Therefore, there is a need to provide critical skills in marketing, relationship building, project management, and budgeting to prepare trainees to navigate into a productive, engaging, and rewarding biomedical research career. To address this gap in training, the School of Graduate Studies at Meharry Medical College has developed the SHort Course In transFerable skills Training (SHIFT) Program, a 1‐year professional development program accessible to graduate students in the United States who are enrolled in graduate biomedical research related programs. The SHIFT Program has been launched to equip trainees with skills essential for success in all biomedical science careers. PhD students will be taught the primary constituents of career management through the use of four training modules. In Module I, students complete self‐assessments and are assigned to a small peer‐mentoring team with mentors. Module II consists of a 5‐day workshop that encompasses instruction on the transferable skills identified as essential for career success. Module III entails monthly interactive discussions over a 6‐month period involving case study review and mentor‐guided discussions to further reinforce skills learned. In Module IV, students compile the information learned from Modules I‐III to develop an Individual Development Plan that incorporates 3–5 specific, measurable, attainable, relevant, and time‐based career goals. Collectively, the SHIFT Program will allow participants to train, practice, and refresh skills, empowering them to navigate career transitions and obtain success in the career of their choice.