bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA methylation and type 2 diabetes: a systematic review
Authors: Nadiger Nikhil , Veed Jyothisha Kana , Chinya Nataraj Priyanka , Mukhopadhyay Arpita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
DNA methylation influences gene expression and function in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Mapping of T2DM-associated DNA methylation could aid early detection and/or therapeutic treatment options for diabetics.

Design
A systematic literature search for associations between T2DM and DNA methylation was performed. Prospero registration ID: CRD42020140436.

Methods
PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched (till October 19, 2023). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and New Castle Ottawa scale were used for reporting the selection and quality of the studies, respectively.

Result
Thirty-two articles were selected. Four of 130 differentially methylated genes in blood, adipose, liver or pancreatic islets (TXNIP, ABCG1, PPARGC1A, PTPRN2) were reported in > 1 study. TXNIP was hypomethylated in diabetic blood across ethnicities. Gene enrichment analysis of the differentially methylated genes highlighted relevant disease pathways (T2DM, type 1 diabetes and adipocytokine signaling). Three prospective studies reported association of methylation in IGFBP2, MSI2, FTO, TXNIP, SREBF1, PHOSPHO1, SOCS3 and ABCG1 in blood at baseline with incident T2DM/hyperglycemia. Sex-specific differential methylation was reported only for HOOK2 in visceral adipose tissue (female diabetics: hypermethylated, male diabetics: hypomethylated). Gene expression was inversely associated with methylation status in 8 studies, in genes including ABCG1 (blood), S100A4 (adipose tissue), PER2 (pancreatic islets), PDGFA (liver) and PPARGC1A (skeletal muscle).

Conclusion
This review summarizes available evidence for using DNA methylation patterns to unravel T2DM pathophysiology. Further validation studies in diverse populations will set the stage for utilizing this knowledge for identifying early diagnostic markers and novel druggable pathways.
Subtype prediction of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound
Authors: Zhu Ming-Rui , Zhao Chong-Ke , Sun Yi-Kang , Li Xiao-Long , Yin Hao-Hao , Lu Dan , Ye Xin , Hu Xin-Yuan , Wang Xi , Xia Han-Sheng , Han Hong , Zhou Bo-Yang , Xu Hui-Xiong , Wang Li-Fan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective
The study aimed to investigate the predictive value of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) in differentiating small-duct (SD) and large-duct (LD) types of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Methods
This study retrospectively enrolled 110 patients with pathologically confirmed ICC lesions who were subject to preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) examinations between January 2022 and February 2023. Patients were further classified according to the subtype: SD-type and LD-type, and an optimal predictive model was established and validated using the above pilot cohort. The test cohort, consisting of 48 patients prospectively enrolled from March 2023 to September 2023, was evaluated.

Results
In the pilot cohort, compared with SD-type ICCs, more LD-type ICCs showed elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (p < 0.001), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (p = 0.004), ill-defined margin (p = 0.018), intrahepatic bile duct dilation (p < 0.001). Among DCE-US quantitative parameters, the wash-out area under the curve (WoAUC), wash-in and wash-out area under the curve (WiWoAUC), and fall time (FT) at the margin of lesions were higher in the SD-type group (all p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the mean transit time (mTT) and wash-out rate (WoR) at the margin of the lesion were higher in the LD-type group (p = 0.041 and 0.007, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that intrahepatic bile duct dilation, mTT, and WoR were significant predictive factors for predicting ICC subtypes, and the AUC of the predictive model achieved 0.833 in the test cohort.

Conclusions
Preoperative DCE-US has the potential to become a novel complementary method for predicting the pathological subtype of ICC.

Critical relevance statement
DCE-US has the potential to assess the subtypes of ICC lesions quantitatively and preoperatively, which allows for more accurate and objective differential diagnoses, and more appropriate treatments and follow-up or additional examination strategies for the two subtypes.

Key Points

Preoperative determination of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) subtype aids in surgical decision-making.

Quantitative parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced US (DCE-US) allow for the prediction of the ICC subtype.

DCE-US-based imaging has the potential to become a novel complementary method for predicting ICC subtypes.

Graphical Abstract
Resolution of severe gastroparesis induced by parasympathetic surge following facial trauma: a case report
Authors: Haseeb-Ul-Rasool Muhammad , Elhawary Ahmed , Saha Utsow , Sethi Arshia , Swaminathan Gowri , Abosheaishaa Hazem 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Gastroparesis is a condition that affects the motility of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, causing a delay in the emptying process and leading to nausea, vomiting, bloating, and upper abdominal pain. Motility treatment along with symptom management can be done using antiemetics or prokinetics. This study highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of gastroparesis and suggests a potential link between facial trauma and symptom remission, indicating the need for further investigation.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old Hispanic man with hypertension, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and hyperlipidemia on amlodipine 10 mg, lisinopril 5 mg, empagliflozin 25 mg, and insulin glargine presented with a diabetic foot ulcer with probable osteomyelitis. During hospitalization, the patient developed severe nausea and vomiting. The gastroenterology team advised continuing antiemetic medicine and trying very small sips of clear liquids. However, the patient didn’t improve. Therefore, the gastroenterology team was contacted again. They advised having stomach emptying tests to rule out gastroparesis as the source of emesis. In addition, they recommended continuing metoclopramide, and starting erythromycin due to inadequate improvement. Studies found a 748-min stomach emptying time. Normal is 45–90 min. An uneventful upper GI scope was done. Severe gastroparesis was verified, and the gastroenterology team advised a percutaneous jejunostomy or gastric pacemaker for gastroparesis. Unfortunately, the patient suffered a mechanical fall resulting in facial trauma. After the fall, the patient’s nausea eased, and emesis stopped. He passed an oral liquids trial after discontinuation of erythromycin and metoclopramide.

Conclusion
This case exemplifies the difficulties in diagnosing and treating gastroparesis. An interesting correlation between parasympathetic surges and recovery in gastroparesis may be suggested by the surprising remission of symptoms following face injuries.
Searching for the social determinants of health: observations from evidence synthesis publications
Authors: Hanneke Rosie , Brunskill Amelia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The social determinants of health (SDOH) are the focus of an exponentially increasing number of publications, including evidence syntheses. However, there is not an established standard for searching for SDOH literature. This study seeks to identify published evidence syntheses pertaining to the SDOH, analyzing the search strategies used and the studies included within these reviews. The primary objectives are to compare search strategies and create a test set of SDOH publications.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for evidence syntheses that mentioned the SDOH in their research questions and included an SDOH search strategy. Relevant data extracted from each review included databases searched; search terms used for the SDOH; conceptual frameworks referenced; and the citations of primary studies included in the reviews, which were compiled to form a test set of cited papers. The relative recall of the respective search strategies was tested by documenting the total number of MEDLINE results each retrieved and the number of test set papers retrieved.

Results
Sixty-four evidence syntheses were identified and included in the analysis, and 2750 cited papers were extracted. Findings indicate few commonalities across search strategies in search terms used, the total number of results retrieved, and the number of test set cited papers retrieved. One hundred and ninety-three unique MeSH terms and 1385 unique keywords and phrases were noted among the various search strategies. The number of total results retrieved by the SDOH search strategies ranged from 21,793 to over 16 million. The percentage of cited papers retrieved by the search strategies ranged from 2.46 to 97.9%. Less than 3% of the cited papers were indexed with the Social Determinants of Health MeSH.

Conclusions
There has been little consistency across evidence syntheses in approaches to searching for SDOH literature. Differences in these strategies could have a significant impact on what literature is retrieved, included in reviews, and, consequently, incorporated into evidence-based practice. By documenting these differences and creating a set of papers relevant to SDOH, this research provides a snapshot of the current challenges in searching for SDOH content and lays the groundwork for the creation of a standardized search approach for SDOH literature.
Perioperative management of the vulnerable and failing right ventricle
Authors: Arora R. C. , Brown J. K. , Chatterjee S. , Gan T. J. , Singh G. , Tong M. Z. ,   on behalf of the POQI IX Consortium
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnder recognition combined with suboptimal management of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and failure is associated with significant perioperative morbidity and mortality. The contemporary perioperative team must be prepared with an approach for early recognition and prompt treatment. In this review, a consensus-proposed scoring system is described to provide a pragmatic approach for expeditious decision-making for these complex patients with a vulnerable RV. Importantly, this proposed scoring system incorporates the context of the planned surgical intervention. Further, as the operating room (OR) represents a unique environment where patients are susceptible to numerous insults, a practical approach to anesthetic management and monitoring both in the OR and in the intensive care unit is detailed. Lastly, an escalating approach to the management of RV failure and options for mechanical circulatory support is provided.
How peer relationships affect academic achievement among junior high school students: The chain mediating roles of learning motivation and learning engagement
Authors: Shao Yanhong , Kang Shumin , Lu Quan , Zhang Chao , Li Ruoxi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the recognition of the impact of peer relationships, learning motivation, and learning engagement on academic achievement, there is still a gap in understanding the specific mechanisms through which peer relationships impact academic achievement via learning motivation and learning engagement.

Methods
This study aims to investigate how peer relationships affect junior high school students’ academic achievement through the chain mediating roles of learning motivation and learning engagement, employing the self-system model of motivational development as the theoretical framework. In January 2024, 717 participants were selected from two middle schools in eastern China (mean age = 13.49 years, SD = 0.5). The data analysis in this study was performed using the structural equation model (SEM) in AMOS 24.0 and SPSS 24.0.

Results
The results showed that peer relationships were directly and significantly related to junior high school students’ academic achievement, and that peer relationships were indirectly and positively related to junior high school students’ academic achievement via learning motivation and learning engagement respectively. The results also revealed a significant indirect and positive relationship between peer relationships and junior high school students’ academic achievement, mediated by the sequential mediating roles of learning motivation and learning engagement. Moreover, the path “peer relationship→learning motivation→academic achievement” has the strongest indirect effect.

Conclusion
For junior high school students to achieve academic success, the appropriate interventions should be implemented to improve peer relationships, learning motivation, and learning engagement.
Using null models to decipher bacterial assembly mechanisms in oat silages harvested from southern China
Authors: Dong Zhihao , Fang Di , Hu Shiwei , Zhao Jie , Wang Siran , Li Junfeng , Shao Tao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Deciphering the assembly rules of microbial communities is vital for a mechanistic understanding of the general principles driving microbiome structures and functions. In this study, a null modeling-based framework was implemented to infer the assembly rules of bacterial community in oat silages harvested in southern China starting from the grain-filling stage through to full ripening.

Results
Most silages displayed “inferior” or “very inferior” fermentation quality. The fermentation qualities of silages tended to further decrease with the delay of harvest. Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae, and Hafnia–Obesumbacterium constituted the predominated genera in silages. Delaying harvest increased the proportions of Hafnia–Obesumbacterium. Null model analysis revealed that stochastic processes were the primary contributor to the assembly of rare subcommunity during silage fermentation. The succession of abundant subcommunity was controlled both by stochastic and deterministic processes. Deterministic processes, more specifically, heterogeneous selection, were more prominent in the assembly of abundant bacteria in silages with the delay of harvest. Linear regression analysis indicated the important roles of DM, WSC and pH in the assembly of abundant subcommunity.

Conclusion
This study, from the ecological perspectives, revealed the ecological processes controlling the bacterial community assembly in silage, providing new insights into the mechanisms underlying the construction of silage bacterial community.

Graphical Abstract
Wind stress curl as a driving force of annual waves in the upper ocean for interpreting energetics at all latitudes
Authors: Ye Kaiwen , Aiki Hidenori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe dynamics of waves and eddies in the upper ocean plays an important role in the climate variation of tropical and subtropical regions. Previous diagnoses for annual Rossby waves in oceanic model outputs manifested zonally alternating signals (ZASs) in the time-averaged distributions of wind input as well as pressure-flux divergence terms in the budget equation of wave energy. This is the case when the annual mean of the wind input is estimated as the inner product of simulated velocity vector and wind stress vector in previous studies. The present study proposes a new mathematical expression for estimating the wind input that is analogous to one derived from the quasi-geostrophic potential vorticity equation. Namely, the wind input is estimated as the negative of the product of pseudo-streamfunction and wind stress curl, the latter of which is associated with the horizontal divergence of Ekman velocity. This can be interpreted as replacement of kinetic energy input with gravitational potential energy input. Pseudo-streamfunction in the present study is inverted from Ertel’s potential vorticity anomaly and is seamlessly available at all latitudes. This contrasts with the quasi-geostrophic streamfunction which is singular at the equator. The new expression enables reducing ZASs in the horizontal distributions of both wind input and pressure-flux divergence terms, without harming the qualitative advantage of energy flux vectors to indicate the group velocity of waves at all latitudes.
The status of academic interventional radiologists in Germany with focus on gender disparity: how can we do better?
Authors: Blum Sophia Freya Ulrike , Dewald Cornelia Lieselotte Angelika , Becker Lena , Staudacher Emona , Franke Mareike , Katoh Marcus , Hoffmann Ralf-Thorsten , Rohde Stefan , Paprottka Philip Marius , Wacker Frank , Westphalen Kerstin , Bruners Philipp , Gebauer Bernhard , Das Marco , Uller Wibke 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The aim was to characterize the framework conditions in academic interventional radiology (IR) in Germany with focus on differences between genders.

Materials and methods
After IRB approval, all members of The German Society for Interventional Radiology and Minimally Invasive Therapy (n = 1,632) were invited to an online survey on work and research. Statistical comparisons were undertaken with the Fisher’s exact test, Wilcoxon rank sum test or Pearson’s Chi-squared test.

Results
From 267 available questionnaires (general response rate 16.4%), 200 were fully completed. 40% of these (78/200) were involved in research (71% men vs. 29% women, p < 0.01) and eligible for further analysis. Of these, 6% worked part-time (2% vs. 17%, p < 0.05). 90% of the respondents spent less than 25% of their research during their paid working hours, and 41% performed more than 75% of their research during. leisure time. 28% received exemption for research. 88% were (rather) satisfied with their career. One in two participants successfully applied for funding, with higher success rates among male applicants (90% vs. 75%) and respondents with protected research time (93% vs. 80%). Compared to men, women rated their entrance in research as harder (p < 0.05), their research career as more important (p < 0.05), felt less noticed at congresses (93% vs. 53%, p < 0.01), less confident (98% vs. 71%, p < 0.01), and not well connected (77% vs. 36%, p < 0.01).

Conclusion
Women and men did research under the same circumstances; however, women were underrepresented. Future programs should generally focus on protected research time and gather female mentors to advance academic IR in Germany.
Lipid-modifying agents and risk of all-cause, natural and suicide mortality in schizophrenia: nationwide cohort study
Authors: Chen Pao-Huan , Tsai Shang-Ying , Chen Po-Yu , Pan Chun-Hung , Su Sheng-Siang , Chen Chiao-Chicy , Kuo Chian-Jue 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundIndividuals with schizophrenia face high mortality risks. The effects of lipid-modifying agents on this risk remain understudied.AimThis study was conducted to investigate the effects of lipid-modifying agents on mortality risk in people with schizophrenia.MethodThis nationwide cohort study collected the data of people with schizophrenia from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database for the period between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2019. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression with a time-dependent model was used to estimate the hazard ratio for mortality associated with each lipid-modifying agent.ResultsThis study included 110 300 people with schizophrenia. Of them, 22 528 died (19 754 from natural causes and 1606 from suicide) during the study period, as confirmed using data from Taiwan's national mortality database. The use of lipid-modifying agents was associated with reduced risks of all-cause (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]:0.37; P < 0.001) and natural (aHR:0.37; P < 0.001) mortality during a 5-year period. Among the lipid-modifying agents, statins and fibrates were associated with reduced risks of all-cause mortality (aHRs:0.37 and 0.39, respectively; P < 0.001 for both) and natural mortality (aHRs: 0.37 and 0.42, respectively; P < 0.001 for both). Notably, although our univariate analysis indicated an association between the use of lipid-modifying agents and a reduced risk of suicide mortality, the multivariate analysis revealed no significant association.ConclusionsLipid-modifying agents, particularly statins and fibrates, reduce the risk of mortality in people with schizophrenia. Appropriate use of lipid-modifying agents may bridge the mortality gap between these individuals and the general population.
Niraparib, Dostarlimab, and Bevacizumab as Combination Therapy in Pretreated, Advanced Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer: Findings From Cohort A of the OPAL Phase II Trial
Authors: Liu Joyce F. , Gaillard Stéphanie , Wahner Hendrickson Andrea E. , Yeku Oladapo , Diver Elisabeth , Gunderson Jackson Camille , Arend Rebecca , Ratner Elena , Samnotra Vivek , Gupta Divya , Chung Jon , Zhang Hailei , Compton Natalie , Baines Amanda , Bacqué Emeline , Liu Xiaohong , Felicetti Brunella , Konecny Gottfried E. 
Published: May 2024

PURPOSE To report the results of OPAL (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03574779 ) cohort A, a single-arm substudy of niraparib plus dostarlimab and bevacizumab for the treatment of advanced, platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC). METHODS Participants with PROC who received 1-2 previous lines of therapy were treated with niraparib (200 or 300 mg once daily), dostarlimab (500 mg once every 3 weeks for four 21-day cycles, followed by 1,000 mg once every 6 weeks), and bevacizumab (15 mg/kg once every 3 weeks). The primary end point was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. Safety was also assessed. Exploratory biomarker end points included evaluation of changes in the tumor molecular profile and microenvironment using baseline and on-treatment tumor samples. RESULTS Of 41 enrolled participants (median age, 66.0 years [range, 37-83 years]), 9.8% had tumors that were BRCA-mutated, 19.5% were homologous recombination (HR)–deficient, and 17.1% were HR repair (HRR)–mutated. As of the cutoff date, all participants discontinued treatment. The ORR was 17.1% (80% CI, 9.8 to 27.0), including one complete response (2.4%); the disease control rate was 73.2% (80% CI, 62.3 to 82.2). Two participants withdrew before first postbaseline scan because of adverse events (AEs). Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent AEs were reported in 92.7% of participants, with the most common being hypertension (26.8%). Response was not correlated with BRCA, HRR, HR deficiency (HRD), or PD-L1 status. Changes suggesting immune activation were observed in on-treatment samples after triplet therapy. CONCLUSION Results demonstrated modest activity of niraparib, dostarlimab, and bevacizumab in participants with PROC, many of whom had prognostic factors for poor treatment response. Most participants with response were bevacizumab-naïve. No association was found with HRD, BRCA, or PD-L1 status. AEs were consistent with previous monotherapy reports, except that hypertension was reported more frequently.