bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bob Morris: teacher and explorer
Authors: Rodger Richard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Two characteristics that defined Bob Morris were his empathy and his humanity. As a person, not just as a teacher and scholar, these elements infused his approach to people no matter their age or status. This short appreciation considers his contributions to urban and social history, his capacity for synthesis and analysis and his sensitivity in exploring places and spaces using text, data and images. Bob Morris’ humility was the hallmark of an exceptional historian, colleague and friend.
Predicting the Evolution of Shallow Cumulus Clouds With a Lotka‐Volterra Like Model
Authors: Chen Jingyi , Hagos Samson , Fast Jerome , Feng Zhe 
Published: February 2025

AbstractIn numerical weather prediction and climate models, boundary‐layer clouds are controlled by a wide range of subgrid‐scale processes. However, understanding the nature of these processes and their role in the evolution of the cloud size distribution as a whole has been elusive. To address this issue, we adopt a novel empirical framework from the field of population dynamics to model the evolution of cloud size statistics by using the shallow cumulus properties obtained from a large‐eddy simulation (LES). Our approach involves representing the cloud size distribution and the total cloud area using a revised Lotka‐Volterra model and ridge linear model, respectively. The physical interpretation of the total cloud area and coefficients obtained from the optimization of the models reveals three stages probably interpreted by dominant processes: the formation of new clouds, the growth of single clouds, and a steady state with organized transitions involving the growth and decay of multiple clouds. Furthermore, we showcase the potential of this framework to serve as a component of scale‐aware parameterizations of shallow‐convective clouds in atmospheric models.
Variability of Eastern North Atlantic Summertime Marine Boundary Layer Clouds and Aerosols Across Different Synoptic Regimes Identified With Multiple Conditions
Authors: Zheng X. , Qiu S. , Zhang D. , Adebiyi A. , Zheng X. , Faruque O. , Wu P. , Wang J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis study estimates the meteorological covariations of aerosol and marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud properties in the eastern North Atlantic (ENA) region, characterized by diverse synoptic conditions. Using a deep‐learning‐based clustering model with mid‐level and surface daily meteorological data, we identify seven distinct synoptic regimes during the summer from 2016 to 2021. Our analysis, incorporating reanalysis data and satellite retrievals, shows that surface aerosols and MBL clouds exhibit clear regime‐dependent characteristics, whereas lower tropospheric aerosols do not. This discrepancy likely arises from synoptic regimes determined by daily large‐scale conditions, which may overlook air mass histories that predominantly dictate lower tropospheric aerosol conditions. Focusing on three regimes dominated by northerly winds, we analyze the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program (ARM) ENA observations on Graciosa Island in the Azores. In the subtropical anticyclone regime, fewer cumulus clouds and more single‐layer stratocumulus clouds with light drizzle are observed, along with the highest cloud droplet number concentration (Nd), surface cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and surface aerosol levels. The post‐trough regime features more broken or multi‐layer stratocumulus clouds with slightly higher surface rain rate, and lower Nd and surface CCN levels. The weak trough regime is characterized by the deepest MBL clouds, primarily cumulus and broken stratocumulus clouds, with the strongest surface rain rate and the lowest Nd, surface CCN and surface aerosol levels, indicating strong wet scavenging. These findings highlight the importance of considering the covariation of cloud and aerosol properties driven by large‐scale regimes when assessing aerosol indirect effects using observations.
Experimental benchmarking of quantum state overlap estimation strategies with photonic systems
Authors: Zhan Hao , Wang Ben , Mi Minghao , Xie Jie , Xu Liang , Zhang Aonan , Zhang Lijian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accurately estimating the overlap between quantum states is a fundamental task in quantum information processing. While various strategies using distinct quantum measurements have been proposed for overlap estimation, the lack of experimental benchmarks on estimation precision limits strategy selection in different situations. Here we compare the performance of four practical strategies for overlap estimation, including tomography-tomography, tomography-projection, Schur collective measurement and optical swap test using photonic quantum systems. We encode the quantum states on the polarization and path degrees of freedom of single photons. The corresponding measurements are performed by photon detection on certain modes following single-photon mode transformation or two-photon interference. We further propose an adaptive strategy with optimized precision in full-range overlap estimation. Our results shed new light on extracting the parameter of interest from quantum systems, prompting the design of efficient quantum protocols.
Novel biomarkers of fetal and neonatal environmental exposure, effect and susceptibility
Authors: Peeples Eric S. , Molloy Eleanor J. , Bearer Cynthia F. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Rapid advancements in science and technology have allowed medical providers to treat wider ranges of diseases with safer and more effective therapies than ever before. One of the areas of health that has been consistently understudied, however, is one that affects us all: environmental health or the effects that the chemicals we are exposed to every day have on our acute and chronic health. This effect can be exacerbated during and shortly after pregnancy, as an individual exposure is often shared by both the mother and the fetus/neonate. The diagnosis and monitoring of chemical exposure can be quite challenging, and improving our understanding of the effects of exposure will therefore require effective use of an expanding set of biomarker tests and biological matrices. This review covers the background and history of neonatal biomarkers of exposure, effect, and susceptibility, focusing on the potential uses for the non-invasive matrix of exhaled breath for the detection and monitoring of chemical exposures.

Impact

Provides a brief overview of Food and Drug Administration and National Institutes of Health Joint Leadership Council BEST (Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools) Resource.

Summarizes new and potential biomarkers for fetal exposure.

Collates studies using breath as a matrix for environmental exposures.
The 2023 EBMT report on hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapies. Increased use of allogeneic HCT for myeloid malignancies and of CAR-T at the expense of autologous HCT
Authors: Passweg Jakob R. , Baldomero Helen , Atlija Marina , Kleovoulou Iliana , Witaszek Aleksandra , Alexander Tobias , Angelucci Emanuele , Averbuch Dina , Bazarbachi Ali , Ciceri Fabio , Greco Raffaella , Hazenberg Mette D. , Kalwak Krzysztof , McLornan Donal P. , Neven Bénédicte , Perić Zinaida , Risitano Antonio M. , Ruggeri Annalisa , Sánchez-Ortega Isabel , Snowden John A. , Sureda Anna 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In 2023, 47,731 HCT (20,485 (42.9%) allogeneic and 27,246 (57.1%) autologous) in 43,902 patients were reported by 696 European centers. 6042 patients received advanced cellular therapies, 4888 of which were CAR-T. Compared to the previous year there was an increase in CAR-T (+52.5%), in allogeneic HCT (+7.8%) but none in autologous HCT (+0.4%). Main indications for allogeneic HCT were myeloid (11,748; 60.7%), lymphoid malignancies (4,850; 25.0%), and non-malignant disorders (2558; 13.2%). Use of allogeneic HCT increased for AML (+12.1%) and for NHL (+11.0%), particularly in T-NHL (+25.6%). Main indications for autologous HCT were lymphomas (7890; 32.2%), PCD (14,271; 58.2%), and solid tumors (1608; 6.6%) with recovering numbers for autoimmune diseases. In patients with allogeneic HCT, the use of sibling donors increased by +1.0%, haploidentical donors by +11.7%, and unrelated donors by +11.1%. Cord blood HCT decreased again by −5.4%. Pediatric HCT activity increased slightly (5455; +0.1%) with differences between allogeneic (4111; −0.5%) and autologous HCT (1344: +1.7%). Use of CAR-T increased to a cumulative total of 13,927 patients including patients treated for autoimmune diseases. Overall, numbers show a complete recovery from the pandemic dip with increased cellular therapy at the expense of autologous HCT. Allogeneic HCT activity focuses on myeloid malignancies.
Optimising the mainstreaming of renal genomics: Complementing empirical and theoretical strategies for implementation
Authors: Cheng Lin , Kugenthiran Nathasha , Quinlan Catherine , Stark Zornitza , Jayasinghe Kushani , Best Stephanie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
To identify and develop complementary implementation strategies that support nephrologists in mainstreaming renal genomic testing. Interviews were conducted with individuals nominated as ‘genomics champions’ and ‘embedded genomics experts’ as part of a mainstreaming project to identify initial barriers and investigate empirical strategies for delivering the project at initial stage. Data were mapped onto implementation science framework to identify complementary theoretical strategies. Interviews with 14 genomics champions and embedded genomics experts (genetic counsellors, nephrologists, renal nurses), identified 34 barriers to incorporating genomic testing into routine care, e.g., lack of long-term multidisciplinary team support and role clarity. In total, 25 empirical implementation strategies were identified such as creating new clinical teams. Using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research, 10 complementary theoretical implementation strategies were identified. Our study presents a novel approach complementing empirical strategies with theoretical strategies to support nephrologists in incorporating genomic testing into routine practice. Complementary strategies can potentially address barriers and inform future studies when mainstreaming renal genomics. This process underscored the need for integrating collaborative efforts among health professionals, patients, implementation scientists and the health system to overcome identified challenges to mainstream genomic testing. Future research should explore the applicability of these strategies to support mainstreaming genomic testing in different clinical settings.
Solar-driven selective conversion of millimolar dissolved carbon to fuels with molecular flux generation
Authors: Liu Bin , Qian Zheng , Shi Xiang , Su Haoqing , Zhang Wentao , Kludze Atsu , Zheng Yuze , He Chengxing , Yanagi Rito , Hu Shu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The direct utilization of dissolved inorganic carbon in seawater for CO2 conversion promises chemical production on-demand and with zero carbon footprint. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO2 reduction (CO2R) devices promise the sustainable conversion of dissolved carbon in seawater to carbon products using sunlight as the only energy input. However, the diffusion-dominant transport mechanism and the near-zero concentration of CO2(aq) (CO2 dissolved in aqueous solution) in static seawater has made it extremely challenging to achieve high solar-to-fuel (STF) efficiency and high carbon-product selectivity. Here, where CO2(aq) as a reactant generated in situ by acidification of HCO3
- flows continuously from BiVO4 photoanodes to Si photocathodes, enabling a single-step conversion of dissolved carbon into products. Our PEC device significantly increases the CO selectivity from 3% to 21%, which approaches the 30% theoretical limit according to multi-physics modeling. Meanwhile, the Si/BiVO4 PEC CO2R device achieved a STF efficiency of 0.71%. Such flow engineering achieves flow-dependent selectivity, rate, and stability in simulated seawater, thus promising practical solar fuel production at scale.
Galloping Bubbles
Authors: Guan Jian H. , Tamim Saiful I. , Magoon Connor W. , Stone Howard A. , Sáenz Pedro J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Despite centuries of investigation, bubbles continue to unveil intriguing dynamics relevant to a multitude of practical applications, including industrial, biological, geophysical, and medical settings. Here we introduce bubbles that spontaneously start to ‘gallop’ along horizontal surfaces inside a vertically-vibrated fluid chamber, self-propelled by a resonant interaction between their shape oscillation modes. These active bubbles exhibit distinct trajectory regimes, including rectilinear, orbital, and run-and-tumble motions, which can be tuned dynamically via the external forcing. Through periodic body deformations, galloping bubbles swim leveraging inertial forces rather than vortex shedding, enabling them to maneuver even when viscous traction is not viable. The galloping symmetry breaking provides a robust self-propulsion mechanism, arising in bubbles whether separated from the wall by a liquid film or directly attached to it, and is captured by a minimal oscillator model, highlighting its universality. Through proof-of-concept demonstrations, we showcase the technological potential of the galloping locomotion for applications involving bubble generation and removal, transport and sorting, navigating complex fluid networks, and surface cleaning. The rich dynamics of galloping bubbles suggest exciting opportunities in heat transfer, microfluidic transport, probing and cleaning, bubble-based computing, soft robotics, and active matter.
Microalgae-enriched (bio)inks for 3D bioprinting of cultured seafood
Authors: Marques Diana M. C. , Jabouille Madalena , Gusmão Afonso , Leite Marco , Sanjuan-Alberte Paola , Ferreira Frederico Castelo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cultured seafood offers a sustainable alternative to traditional seafood by eliminating the need for animal sacrifice and reducing environmental impacts. 3D bioprinting enables precise manufacturing of these products by combining animal cells with plant-based materials. This study introduces novel (bio)inks: (i) κ-CAM bioinks (κ-carrageenan, alginate, and methylcellulose) compatible with seabass cells; and (ii) mFAT inks, plant-based fat inks containing microalgae for enhanced organoleptic properties. κ-CAM bioinks revealed Young’s modulus between 14.62 and 25.70 kPa values, suitable for cultured seafood products. Both κ-CAM and mFAT formulations presented adequate printability (Pr~1). Dicentrarchus labrax Embryonic Cells, encapsulated in κ-CAM bioinks, maintained viabilities >76.14% for up to 15 days. A preliminary assessment confirmed that specific microalgae can enhance the sea-like smell and flavor of the mFAT ink, and a 3D-printed calamari was fabricated to showcase its potential in the manufacturing of complex structures. Finally, hybrid structures combining both types of (bio)inks were also developed.
Periodic detection and disinfection maintenance of dental unit waterlines in dental simulation head model laboratories
Authors: Li Biyao , Hu Yuya , Wang Yiqi , Zhang Chengqi , Wang Zimo , Peng Xujie , Feng Jianying 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Dental simulation head model laboratories are crucial for clinical simulation training for stomatological students, yet the maintenance of their dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) has been overlooked. This study investigated water contamination in DUWLs within these laboratories and proposed solutions. Water samples were collected from 12 dental chairs in three laboratories at three time points: the beginning, middle, and end of the semester. At the start of the semester, severe contamination was observed, with colony counts of 11,586
$$\:\pm\:$$
1715 CFU/ml for high-speed handpieces and 5375
$$\:\pm\:$$
874 CFU/ml for three ways syringes. As the semester progressed, colony counts gradually decreased but remained above clinical thresholds. Both 20 mg/L organochlorine disinfectant and 20 mg/L chlorine dioxide were effective in reducing bacterial contamination below standard ranges three days post-disinfection. Microbial diversity analysis revealed Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota as the dominant bacterial phyla, with Ascomycota as the dominant fungal phylum. Potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Pseudomonas, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, Ralstonia, Mycobacterium, Legionella, Paenibacillus, Streptomyces, Acinetobacter, and Prevotella, as well as fungi like Fusarium and Penicillium, were detected. Therefore, urgent attention is needed to address DUWL contamination in dental laboratories, and it is recommended to disinfect DUWLs using either 20 mg/L organochlorine disinfectant or 20 mg/L chlorine dioxide every three days.
Postmortal epithelial changes of donor corneas impair applicability of a refractive ultraviolet femtosecond laser
Authors: Hammer Christian M. , Topka Marius , Zhang Yao , Hotfiel Thilo , Paulsen Friedrich , Larionov Alexey , Lörner Johannes 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study evaluates the corneal applicability of a refractive ultraviolet femtosecond laser in postmortal human donor eyes and ex vivo porcine eyes. Refractive lenticule extraction and flap creation were attempted in 10 human donor eyes and 80 ex vivo porcine eyes with and without abrasion of the corneal epithelium. The postmortem interval ranged from 6 to 35 h in the human samples and was set to 4, 24, and 48 h for the porcine specimens. Nine human eyes and 60 porcine eyes were treated with an ultraviolet femtosecond laser. The rest was treated with an infrared laser. Optical coherence tomography and scanning electron microscopy were used to demonstrate success or failure of the procedures. Ultraviolet laser-assisted refractive surgery attempts without prior abrasion of the corneal epithelium were only successful at 6 h p.m. in the human eyes and at 4 and 24 h in the porcine eyes. Upon epithelial abrasion, refractive surgery was always successful with the ultraviolet laser. The infrared laser always performed successfully with and without prior epithelial abrasion. Thus, postmortal changes in the corneal epithelium impair the ability of refractive ultraviolet femtosecond lasers to create stromal cuts. This progresses with time but does not affect infrared femtosecond lasers.
The structure of Shigella virus Sf14 reveals the presence of two decoration proteins and two long tail fibers
Authors: Subramanian Sundharraman , Kerns Hailey R. , Braverman Samantha G. , Doore Sarah M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bacteriophage Sf14 infects the human pathogen Shigella flexneri. A previous low-resolution structure suggested the presence of a decoration protein on its T = 9 icosahedral capsid. Here, we determined high-resolution structures of the Sf14 capsid and neck, along with a moderate-resolution structure of the whole Sf14 tail and baseplate. These structures indicate the capsid has not one, but two different types of decoration proteins: a trimeric β-tulip lattice that covers the entire capsid and a set of Hoc-like proteins that bind preferentially to hexamers at the quasi-3-fold axes of symmetry. The neck also contains two sets of whiskers oriented in opposite directions, and the tail has two types of long tail fibers which may bind different receptors. Based on homology and phylogenetic analysis, Sf14 may be the product of multiple horizontal gene transfer events. The structures presented here can be used to investigate further hypotheses of phage structure-function relationships and structural diversity.
Scaling laws of CO2 emissions during global urban expansion
Authors: Yang Zhenshan , Wu Junkang , Shang Xu , Fu Runde , Xie Liou , Ge Quansheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Continuous urbanisation, rising energy usage, and CO2 emissions challenge global sustainability. Current understanding is fragmented due to regional research differences and conflicting data sources. We used RS and GIS technologies to create a comprehensive dataset on global urban CO2 emissions (2000−2020). Besides population and density, we included land area size and physical compactness. Our findings indicate that higher population density may reduce emissions, physical compactness can increase them, and land area size influences emissions more than population size. Thus, strategic planning is essential for emission reduction. We found varied relationships between per capita emissions and population density and between emission intensity and compactness. Different cities face unique challenges based on location and development stage. Developing economies, especially in Africa, face significant challenges as emission scaling shifts from sublinear to superlinear with urbanisation. Large cities should reduce fossil fuel use and adopt eco-friendly technologies, while smaller cities should enhance emission efficiency.
Three-dimensional runout characterisation for rotationally symmetric components
Authors: Tompkins Christopher G. , Todhunter Luke D. , Gottmann Harald , Rettig Christoph , Schmitt Robert , Wacker Jochen , Piano Samanta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Rotationally symmetric components (such as gears and axels) are ubiquitous to modern devices, and their precision manufacture is necessary to keep costs and manufacture time down, as well as reduce waste and possibly hazardous component failure. The manufacturing errors, which affect the shape in the rotation axis, are grouped together into the common term “runout". Here we present a potential updated standard for characterising the runout of rotationally symmetric machined parts in three-dimensions, and evaluated using virtual instrumentation, enabling an accurate characterisation of the three dimensional (3D) surface deformation of a part from minimal surface information. For any 3D characterisation method to be widely adopted by the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics community, it must be fully compatible with previous methods and standards. As such, the proposed method produces a 3D runout vector based on four standard profile measurements. To evaluate the efficacy of the proposed runout method, a technique for evaluating the errors of commonly used virtual instruments has been developed. This evaluation technique produces a single-valued quantification of the deviation of the instrument outputs compared to the input parameters, decoupled from the errors on the instrument itself.
Neckband-type earphone for continuous monitoring of cardiovascular symptoms via self-powered box knot pulse-wave sensor
Authors: Kim Tae-Ho , Jaworski Dominic , Sethi Rakesh , Huisman Elise , Fung Kam , Park Edward J. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Blood pressure (BP) assessment is one of the essential vital signs in the clinical field because of its significant relation with various chronic diseases. For effective continuous BP monitoring at home, the system should be portable, user-friendly, and comfortable for the patient, ensuring convenience during continuous data collection. Here, a wearable neckband-type earphone for continuous monitoring of cardiovascular symptoms and BP in a non-invasive and wireless manner via a Self-powered Box Knot Pulsewave sensor (SBKP) has been reported. The multi-stacked architecture of the SBKP, inspired by the knotting craft, holds a sensitivity and resolution of 38.17 mV Pa−1, and 0.006 kPa, respectively, which allows for the measurement of the human pulse waves from the cheek, neck, and wrist. Additionally, its low energy consumption sensor, achieved by the triboelectric mechanism, enables us to develop additional user-convenient auxiliary care systems: continuous BP monitoring with potential music therapy.
Incorporating metal active centers into covalent organic frameworks for boosting CO2 photoreduction
Authors: Chen Ming-zhen , Zhao Hai-rong , Zhang Kai-ming , Zhu Hong-jing , Duan Hai-bao , Ren Xiao-Ming 
Published: February 2025

The photo-catalytic performance for the reduction of CO2 to CO can be significantly enhanced by covalently anchoring metal Ni on the COF-Tp-Azo.