bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Size‐Determining Dependencies in Supramolecular Organometallic Host–Guest Chemistry
Authors: Schindler Andrea , Heindl Claudia , Balázs Gábor , Gröger Christian , Virovets Alexander V. , Peresypkina Eugenia V. , Scheer Manfred 
Published: December 2011

AbstractTreatment of the pentaphosphaferrocene [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] with CuIhalides in the presence of different templates leads to novel fullerene‐like spherical molecules that serve as hosts for the templates. If ferrocene is used as the template the 80‐vertex ball [Cp2Fe]@[{Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)}12{CuCl}20] (4), with an overall icosahedral C80topological symmetry, is obtained. This result shows the ability of ferrocene to compete successfully with the internal template of the reaction system [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)], although the 90‐vertex ball [{Cp*Fe(η5:η1:η1:η1:η1:η1‐P5)}12(CuCl)10(Cu2Cl3)5{Cu(CH3CN)2}5] (2 a) containing pentaphosphaferrocene as a guest is also formed as a byproduct. With use of the triple‐decker sandwich complex [(CpCr)2(μ,η5‐As5)] as a template the reaction between [Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)] and CuBr leads to the 90‐vertex ball [(CpCr)2(μ,η5‐As5)]@[{Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)}12{CuBr}10{Cu2Br3}5{Cu(CH3CN)2}5] (6), in which the complete molecule acts as a template. However, if the corresponding reaction is instead carried out with CuCl, cleavage of the triple‐decker complex is found and the 80‐vertex ball [CpCr(η5‐As5)]@[{Cp*Fe(η5‐P5)}12{CuCl}20] (5) is obtained. This accommodates as its guest [CpCr(η5‐As5)], which has only 16 valence electrons in a triplet ground state and is not known as a free molecule. The triple‐decker sandwich complex [(CpCr)2(μ,η5‐As5)] requires 53.1 kcal mol−1to undergo cleavage (as calculated by DFT methods) and therefore this reaction is clearly endothermic. All new products have been characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. A favoured orientation of the guest molecules inside the host cages has been identified, which shows π⋅⋅⋅π stacking of the five‐membered rings (Cp andcyclo‐As5) of the guests and thecyclo‐P5rings of the nanoballs of the hosts.
Elucidation of the Structure–Activity Relationships of Apelin: Influence of Unnatural Amino Acids on Binding, Signaling, and Plasma Stability
Authors: Murza Alexandre , Parent Alexandre , Besserer‐Offroy Elie , Tremblay Hugo , Karadereye Félix , Beaudet Nicolas , Leduc Richard , Sarret Philippe , Marsault Éric 
Published: December 2011

AbstractApelin is the endogenous ligand of the APJ receptor, a member of the G‐protein‐coupled receptor family. The apelin–APJ complex has been detected in many tissues and is emerging as a promising target for several pathophysiological conditions. There is currently little information on the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of the apelin hormone. In an effort to better delineate SAR, we synthesized analogues of apelin‐13 modified at selected positions with unnatural amino acids, with a particular emphasis on the C‐terminal portion. Analogues were then tested in binding and functional assays by evaluating Gi/o‐mediated decreases in cAMP levels and by assessing β‐arrestin2 recruitment to the APJ receptor. The plasma stability of new compounds was also assessed. Several analogues were found to possess increased binding and higher stability than the parent peptide.
Clinical outcomes of oncologic gastrointestinal resections in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Artinyan Avo , Marshall Christy L. , Balentine Courtney J. , Albo Daniel , Orcutt Sonia T. , Awad Samir S. , Berger David H. , Anaya Daniel A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Cirrhosis is a risk factor for postoperative morbidity and mortality after general surgical procedures. However, the impact of cirrhosis on outcomes of surgical resection for gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies has not been described. The authors' objective was to characterize early postoperative and transitional outcomes in cirrhotic patients undergoing GI cancer surgery.METHODS:Query of the National Inpatient Sample Database (2005‐2008) identified 106,729 patients who underwent resection for GI malignancy; 1479 (1.4%) had cirrhosis. The association of cirrhosis with postoperative outcomes was examined. The primary outcome measure was in‐hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included length‐of‐stay (LOS) and discharge to long‐term care facility (LTCF).RESULTS:Cirrhotic patients had higher risk of in‐hospital mortality (8.9% vs 2.8%, P < .001), longer LOS (11.5 ± 0.26 vs 10.0 ± 0.03 days, P < .001), and higher rate of discharge to LTCF (19.0% vs 15.7%, P < .001). Mortality was highest in patients with moderate to severe liver dysfunction (21.5% vs 6.5%, P < .001). On multivariate analysis, cirrhosis was an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.5‐3.7) and nonhome discharge (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.4‐2.0). In cirrhotic patients, moderate to severe liver dysfunction was the only independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality (OR, 4.03; 95% CI, 2.7‐5.9), but did not predict discharge disposition.CONCLUSIONS:Resection of GI malignancy in cirrhotics is associated with poor early postoperative and transitional outcomes, with severity of liver disease being the primary determinant of postoperative mortality. These data suggest that GI cancer operations can be performed safely in well‐selected cirrhotic patients with mild liver dysfunction. Cancer 2012;3494–3500. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Hypofractionated stereotactic body radiotherapy in low‐risk prostate adenocarcinoma
Authors: McBride Sean M. , Wong Douglas S. , Dombrowski John J. , Harkins Bonnie , Tapella Patricia , Hanscom Heather N. , Collins Sean P. , Kaplan Irving D. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Recent reports using extreme hypofractionated regimens in the treatment of low‐risk prostate adenocarcinoma have been encouraging. Here, the authors report on their own multi‐institutional experience with extreme hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy for early stage disease.METHODS:In total, at 4 centers, 45 patients with National Comprehensive Cancer Network‐defined, low‐risk prostate adenocarcinoma were enrolled in a phase 1, multi‐institutional trial of hypofractionated radiosurgery with a proprietary radiosurgical device (CyberKnife). Thirty‐four patients received 7.5 grays (Gy) delivered in 5 fractions, 9 patients received 7.25 Gy delivered in 5 fractions, and 2 patients received other regimens. The variables evaluated were biochemical progression‐free survival (bPFS), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) bounce, and toxicities. Health‐related quality of life was evaluated using the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM), American Urological Association (AUA), and Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) questionnaires.RESULTS:The median follow‐up for surviving patients was 44.5 months (range, 0‐62 months). The bPFS rate at 3 years was 97.7%. The median PSA declined from 4.9 ng/mL at diagnosis to 0.2 ng/mL at last follow‐up, and the median percentage PSA decline at 12 months was 80%. Nine patients experienced at least 1 PSA bounce ≥0.4 ng/mL, and 4 patients experienced 2 PSA bounces. The median time to first PSA bounce was 11.6 months (range, 7.2‐18.2 months), and the mean percentage PSA bounce was 1.07 ng/mL. There was 1 episode of late grade 3 urinary obstruction, and there were 2 episodes of late grade 3 proctitis. There was a significant late decline in SHIM and EPIC sexual scores and a small, late decline in the EPIC Bowel domain score.CONCLUSIONS:In a select population, extreme hypofractionation with stereotactic radiosurgery was safe and effective for the treatment of low‐risk prostate adenocarcinoma. Cancer 2012. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Sequential Continuous Flow Processes for the Oxidation of Amines and Azides by using HOF⋅MeCN
Authors: McPake Christopher B. , Murray Christopher B. , Sandford Graham 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe generation and use of the highly potent oxidising agent HOF⋅MeCN in a controlled single continuous flow process is described. Oxidations of amines and azides to corresponding nitrated systems by using fluorine gas, water and acetonitrile by sequential gas–liquid/liquid–liquid continuous flow procedures are reported.
Automated identification of circulating tumor cells by image cytometry
Authors: Scholtens Tycho M. , Schreuder Frederik , Ligthart Sjoerd T. , Swennenhuis Joost F. , Greve Jan , Terstappen Leon W. M. M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPresence of circulating tumor cells (CTC), as detected by the CellSearch® System, in patients with metastatic carcinomas is associated with poor survival prospects. CellTracks TDI, a dedicated image cytometer, was developed to improve the enumeration of these rare CTC. The CellSearch System was used to enumerate CTC in 7.5 mL blood of 68 patients with cancer and 9 healthy controls. Cartridges containing the fluorescently labeled CTC from this system were reanalyzed using the image cytometer, which acquires images with a TDI camera using a 40×/0.6 NA objective and lasers as light source. Automated classification of events was performed by the Random Forest method using Matlab. An automated classifier was developed to classify events into CTC, apoptotic CTC, CTC debris, leukocytes, and debris not related to CTC. A high agreement in classification was obtained between the automated classifier and five expert reviewers. Comparison of images from the same events in CellTracks TDI and CellTracks Analyzer II shows improved resolution in fluorescence images and improved classification by adding bright‐field images. Improved detection efficiency for CD45‐APC avoids the classification of leukocytes nonspecifically binding to cytokeratin as CTC. The correlation between number of CTC detected in CellTracks TDI and CellTracks Analyzer II is good with a slope of 1.88 and a correlation coefficient of 0.87. Automated classification of events by CellTracks TDI eliminates the operator error in classification of events as CTC and permits quantitative assessment of parameters. The clinical relevance of various CTC definitions can now be investigated. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Identification of a cross‐reacting, monoclonal anti‐human CD233 antibody for identification and sorting of rhesus macaque erythrocytes
Authors: Byrnes Colleen , Terry Lee Y. , Donahue Robert E. , Miller Jeffery L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractErythroid biology research involving rhesus macaques has been applied to several topics including malaria, hemoglobinopathy and gene therapy research. However, analyses of the rhesus red blood cells are limited by the inability to identify and sort those cells in research blood samples using flow cytometry. Here it is reported that the BRIC 6 hybridoma clone raised to the human erythroid surface molecule (referred to as CD233, Band 3, AE1, or SLC4A1) produces cross‐reactive and erythroid‐specific antibodies for flow cytometric detection and sorting of rhesus macaque erythrocytes. © 2011 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Conventional disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Rath T. , Sander O. , Rubbert A. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by a symmetric polyarthritis of unknown etiology that, if untreated or unresponsive to therapy, typically leads to deformities and destruction of joints through the erosion of cartilage and bone. Currently available disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can control synovitis and may slow, or even stop, radiographic progression, improve function and quality of life, and normalize mortality rates. This review gives a brief overview on commonly used conventional DMARDs and their role in the current management of RA. Methotrexate is still considered the gold standard among the DMARDs, and is widely accepted as first‐line treatment in the management of RA. Other DMARDs are less frequently used in monotherapy or as first‐line agents but continue to have a role as antirheumatic agents in select patients. DMARD combination therapy may still represent a valuable therapeutic option in patients who fail to DMARD monotherapy or in whom combination therapy is considered initially. This review will focus on a better understanding of the critical importance of early DMARD treatment, the goal of remission and the need for tight control and adaptive modification in case of inadequate response or intolerance. Drug Dev Res 72:657–663, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bosentan treatment of digital ulcers related to autoimmune disorders
Authors: Cantisani Carmen , Mattozzi Carlo , Giancristoforo Simona , D'Epiro Sara , Richetta Antonio G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractEndothelin 1, a powerful endogenous vasoconstrictor and mitogen, may be causal to pulmonary hypertension. Evidence also suggests that endothelin (ET) may have a fundamental role in scleroderma pathogenesis, including pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a leading cause of death in patients with scleroderma. The development of a new class of drug, ET receptor antagonists, provides an improved outlook for patients with scleroderma and related diseases. Increasing vigilance toward early detection of PAH in scleroderma and a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment may improve the clinical outcome for these patients. We describe the efficacy and safety of bosentan, an orally active dual ET‐receptor antagonist, in patients with digital ulcers. Bosentan increases exercise capacity and improves hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary hypertension, suggesting that ET has an important role in pulmonary hypertension but in our experience also for refractory skin ulcers. Drug Dev Res 72:750–755, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Beyond transitional selection: New roles for BLyS in peripheral tolerance
Authors: Oropallo Michael A. , Kiefer Kerstin , Marshak‐Rothstein Ann , Cancro Michael P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractB‐cell targeted therapies have enjoyed recent success in the treatment of systemic autoimmune diseases. Among these, Belimumab, which blocks the B‐cell survival cytokine BLyS, was recently approved for the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus. It is therefore important to consider the roles BLyS plays in B‐cell tolerance. Herein, we review how BLyS contributes to the negative selection of autoreactive B‐cell clones from the preimmune repertoire as well as its role in regulating both germinal center and extrafollicular peripheral B‐cell responses. We further examine the complex role of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) in humoral autoimmunity, pointing out potential crosstalk between BLyS and TLR pathways. Drug Dev Res 72:779–787, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression of nitrous oxide reductase from Pseudomonas stutzeri in transgenic tobacco roots using the root‐specific rolD promoter from Agrobacterium rhizogenes
Authors: Wan Shen , Johnson Amanda M. , Altosaar Illimar 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe nitrous oxide (N2O) reduction pathway from a soil bacterium, Pseudomonas stutzeri, was engineered in plants to reduce N2O emissions. As a proof of principle, transgenic plants expressing nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR) from P. stutzeri, encoded by the nosZ gene, and other transgenic plants expressing N2OR along with the more complete operon from P. stutzeri, encoded by nosFLZDY, were generated. Gene constructs were engineered under the control of a root‐specific promoter and with a secretion signal peptide. Expression and rhizosecretion of the transgene protein were achieved, and N2OR from transgenic Nicotiana tabacum proved functional using the methyl viologen assay. Transgenic plant line 1.10 showed the highest specific activity of 16.7 µmol N2O reduced min−1 g−1 root protein. Another event, plant line 1.9, also demonstrated high specific activity of N2OR, 13.2 µmol N2O reduced min−1 g−1 root protein. The availability now of these transgenic seed stocks may enable canopy studies in field test plots to monitor whole rhizosphere N flux. By incorporating one bacterial gene into genetically modified organism (GMO) crops (e.g., cotton, corn, and soybean) in this way, it may be possible to reduce the atmospheric concentration of N2O that has continued to increase linearly (about 0.26% year−1) over the past half‐century.
Role of recent and old riverine barriers in fine‐scale population genetic structure of Geoffroy's tamarin (Saguinus geoffroyi) in the Panama Canal watershed
Authors: Díaz‐Muñoz Samuel L. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe role of physical barriers in promoting population divergence and genetic structuring is well known. While it is well established that animals can show genetic structuring at small spatial scales, less well‐resolved is how the timing of the appearance of barriers affects population structure. This study uses the Panama Canal watershed as a test of the effects of old and recent riverine barriers in creating population structure in Saguinus geoffroyi, a small cooperatively breeding Neotropical primate. Mitochondrial sequences and microsatellite genotypes from three sampling localities revealed genetic structure across the Chagres River and the Panama Canal, suggesting that both waterways act as barriers to gene flow. F‐statistics and exact tests of population differentiation suggest population structure on either side of both riverine barriers. Genetic differentiation across the Canal, however, was less than observed across the Chagres. Accordingly, Bayesian clustering algorithms detected between two and three populations, with localities across the older Chagres River always assigned as distinct populations. While conclusions represent a preliminary assessment of genetic structure of S. geoffroyi, this study adds to the evidence indicating that riverine barriers create genetic structure across a wide variety of taxa in the Panama Canal watershed and highlights the potential of this study area for discerning modern from historical influences on observed patterns of population genetic structure.
TiIV Complexes of Redox‐Active Schiff Bases
Authors: Donzelli Alberto , Potvin Pierre G. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIsopropoxy‐ and tert‐butoxy‐(salicylideneamino‐2‐thiophenolato)titanium(IV) complexes from seven different salicylaldehydes were prepared and characterized. Two examples,diisopropoxy(4′‐methoxysalicylideneamino‐2‐thiophenolato)titanium(IV) and di‐tert‐butoxy(salicylideneamino‐2‐thiophenolato)titanium(IV), were also characterized crystallographically. Three other examples crystallized as L2Ti species, one of which was an unusual dinuclear complex in which the ligands had dimerized through S–S interactions and formed amino linkages in an unexpected redox exchange. In all cases, cyclic voltammetry in CH2Cl2 showed irreversible oxidations at +1.2–1.4 V vs. Ag/AgCl. 2‐Propanol induced a cathodic shift of the first oxidation potentials without apparent decomposition.
MOFs for Use in Adsorption Heat Pump Processes
Authors: Henninger Stefan K. , Jeremias Felix , Kummer Harry , Janiak Christoph 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThermally driven heat pumps can significantly help to minimize primary energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions generated by industrial or domestic heating and cooling processes. This is achieved by using solar or waste heat as the operating energy rather than electricity or fossil fuels. One of the most promising technologies in this context is based on the evaporation and consecutive adsorption of coolant liquids, preferably water, under specific conditions. The efficiency of this process is first and foremost governed by the microporosity, hydrophilicity, and hydrothermal stability of the sorption material employed. Traditionally, inorganic porous substances like silica gel, aluminophosphates, or zeolites have been investigated for this purpose. However, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are emerging as the newest and by far the most capable class of microporous materials in terms of internal surface area and micropore volume as well as structural and chemical variability. With further exploration of hydrothermally stable MOFs, a large step forward in the field of sorption heat pumps is anticipated. In this work, an overview of the current investigations, developments, and possibilities of MOFs for use in heat pumps is given.
Ruthenium Hydride Complexes with Zwitterionic Quinonoid Ligands – Isomer Separation, Structural Properties, Electrochemistry, and Catalysis
Authors: Hohloch Stephan , Braunstein Pierre , Sarkar Biprajit 
Published: December 2011

AbstractReactions of [Ru(PPh3)3(CO)(H)Cl] with the zwitterionic p‐benzoquinonemonoimine‐type ligands 4‐(n‐butylamino)‐6‐(n‐butylimino)‐3‐oxocyclohexa‐1,4‐dien‐1‐olate (Q1), 4‐(isopropylamino)‐6‐(isopropylimino)‐3‐oxocyclohexa‐1,4‐dien‐1‐olate (Q2), and 4‐(benzylamino)‐6‐(benzylimino)‐3‐oxocyclohexa‐1,4‐dien‐1‐olate (Q3) in the presence of a base led to the formation of mononuclear complexes [Ru(PPh3)2(CO)(H)(Q1–H)] (1a and 1b), [Ru(PPh3)2(CO)(H)(Q2–H)] (2a and 2b), and [Ru(PPh3)2(CO)(H)(Q3–H)] (3a and 3b), respectively. The positional isomers (a and b) that were formed in each case were separated by preparative TLC. The structural characterization of 2a and 3a·MeCN helped to identify the isomers, and established the distorted octahedral coordination geometry around the ruthenium center. The bond lengths in the complexes are consistent with localization of the double bonds in Q2–H and Q3–H in both their monodeprotonated and metal‐coordinated forms. The Ru–C–O(carbonyl) bond angle is almost linear. Cyclic voltammetry of the complexes showed one oxidation and one reduction process. These are predominantly centered on the quinonoid ligands, which shows their redox‐noninnocent character. Studies of transfer hydrogenation with 2a as a precatalyst showed that, in the presence of KOH, acetophenone could be converted to 1‐phenylethanol within 10 h in over 90 % yield.
Determination of L‐Lactic Acid Content in Foods by Enzyme‐Based Amperometric Bioreactor
Authors: Bori Zsuzsanna , Csiffáry Gábor , Virág Diána , Tóth‐Markus Marianna , Kiss Attila , Adányi Nóra 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA thermostable lactate oxidase (from Aerococcus viridans) based bioreactor was elaborated for L‐lactate determination in dairy products. The enzyme was immobilised in a thin‐layer enzyme cell connected into a flow injection system with an amperometric detector. The linear measuring range was 0.1–1 mmol/L L‐lactate (R2=0.99; linear regression equation: y=81.2x+3.3). The detection limit was 0.05 mmol/L. 40 Samples were analyzed per hour. Considering reproducibility: the signals measured were very stable for over 800 injections, after this period the activity of the cell decreased slowly. The method was used for the control of dairy products and for monitoring milk freshness.
Potentiometric Sensor Array for Analysis of Complex Rare Earth Mixtures
Authors: Kirsanov Dmitry , Khaydukova Maria , Tkachenko Lyudmila , Legin Andrey , Babain Vasily 
Published: December 2011

AbstractAn approach for simultaneous quantification of several rare earth elements (RE) in complex mixtures, using an array of cross‐sensitive potentiometric sensors with plasticized polymeric membranes, is reported. 14 different ligands suggested in liquid extraction systems for separation of lanthanides/actinides were employed as membrane active compounds in the polymeric sensors. The sensors of the array were found to have high potentiometric sensitivity towards lanthanide ions in acidic solutions with pH 1.5. The array of 28 sensors was applied for simultaneous determination of three RE metals in four sets of model mixtures simulating technological solutions of spent nuclear fuel reprocessing process. Multivariate calibration models calculated with PLS1 algorithm revealed that analysis of Y, La and Gd in mixtures with uranyl nitrate is possible with RMSEP values 0.29, 0.17 and 0.28 logCMe correspondingly (confirmed by independent test set). Determination of Nd, Sm and Gd in mixtures with uranyl (RMSEP=0.25–0.26 logCMe) and with thorium (RMSEP=0.28–0.37 logCMe) is also possible.