bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distributed control of event floods in a large telecom network
Authors: Jagadish Chundury , Gonsalves Timothy A. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractEvents in a failing system can be generated so rapidly that they adversely impact the network as well as the network management system (NMS) manager. They may fail to get delivered and critical information may get lost. This problem becomes worse in a large and congested network. Today, in practice, a management station is often flooded with a huge number of redundant events, making it difficult for the operator to process them and take corrective actions. Methods are needed to limit the volume of event transmission and number of events presented to the operator, while ensuring delivery of important information to the NMS manager. These methods need to take care of the operators' changing needs in monitoring abstraction level, for various network elements (NE) based on time and NE severity state. In this paper we propose novel techniques for distributed control of events flood, by suppressing transient events at the source. These techniques do not add any delay in communicating a failure, while ensuring that only the important events are presented to the operator. Also, the correctness of event state at the NMS is not compromised. Moreover, these methods give flexibility to the operator to dynamically change the abstraction level needed from a network element, and limit the number of events presented to the operator. The implementation of these techniques is tested with real field event traces from various telecom networks. Results show that there is a substantial reduction in the event traffic in the network. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Weak formulation of Biot's equations in cylindrical coordinates with harmonic expansion in the circumferential direction
Authors: Östberg M. , Hörlin N. E. , Göransson P. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA weak symmetric form of Biot's equation in cylindrical coordinates with a spatial Fourier expansion in the circumferential direction is presented. The solid phase displacement and the pore pressure are used as the dependent variables. The original three‐dimensional boundary value problem is here, due to the orthogonality of the harmonic functions and the rotationally symmetric geometry, decomposed into independent two‐dimensional problems, one for each harmonic function. This formulation provides a computationally efficient procedure for vibroacoustic finite element modelling of rotationally symmetric three‐dimensional multilayered structures including porous elastic materials. By numerical simulations, this method is compared with, and verified against, full three‐dimensional Cartesian coordinate system finite element models. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling influences on acute care nurses' engagement in tobacco use reduction
Authors: Schultz Annette S.H. , Hossain Shahadut , Johnson Joy L. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAlthough nurses are encouraged to address patients' tobacco use, the integration of tobacco reduction into practice has not been consistent. An organizational behavior perspective was used to conceptualize hypothesized relationships among reported influencing factors (individual characteristics, role attitudes, perceived barriers, and workplace climate). Survey data collected at two Western Canadian hospitals (N = 214 nurses; 58% response) were used to test the model. The final model explained nearly 60% of variation in the nurses' tobacco reduction practice. Role attitude, perceived resource availability, co‐worker's activities, and ability were the strongest contributors. Nurses' smoking status indirectly influenced practice through shaping role attitudes and perceived ability. Diverse leverage points to enhance nurses' involvement in patients' tobacco use were identified. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 32:621–633, 2009
Star‐like polyfluorenes based on 2,4,6,8, 10,12‐hexabenzyl‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaazaisowurtzitane caged‐core: toward non‐aggregating, blue‐light‐emitting polymers
Authors: Zhao Qian‐jin , Wu Wen‐hui 
Published: September 2009

AbstractMulti‐functionality compound 2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexa(p‐bromo)‐benzyl‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaazaiso‐wurtzitane (Br‐HBIW) was synthesized and used for the core of star‐like polymers. Star‐like polyfluorene based on 2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexabenzyl‐2,4,6,8,10,12‐hexaazaisowurtzitane (HBIW) caged‐core was synthesized by Suzuki coupling method. The comparative studies between the star‐like polyfluorene and the linear polyfluorene based on UV–Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectra revealed that the bulky HBIW cage could reduce the chain aggregation and π–π interaction, so brought about improved PL quantum efficiency and annealing PL stability. Such results could be owed to the successful suppression of excimers formation, which originated from the incorporation of the HBIW cage and star‐like architecture. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
2′‐chlorodeoxyadenosine (2‐CdA) as salvage therapy for Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH). results of the LCH‐S‐98 protocol of the histiocyte society
Authors: Weitzman Sheila , Braier Jorge , Donadieu Jean , Egeler R. Maarten , Grois Nicole , Ladisch Stephan , Pötschger Ulrike , Webb David , Whitlock James , Arceci Robert J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundA prospective phase II Histiocyte Society study, LCH‐S‐98, evaluated the efficacy of 2‐chlorodeoxyadenosine (2‐CdA) monotherapy as salvage therapy in Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH).ProceduresPatients with poor and intermediate risk LCH not responsive to initial therapy and patients with low‐risk chronic recurrent LCH were evaluated for response and survival after treatment with 2–6 courses of 2‐CdA.ResultsForty‐six patients (55%) had involvement of risk organs; lung, liver, spleen, or hematopoetic system (RO+), 37 (45%) were RO−. Twenty‐two percent of RO+ patients had a good response while 44% progressed, 62% RO− patients responded, and 11% progressed. Two‐year predicted survival is 48% for RO+, 97% for RO− patients, 100% for RO+ patients reactivating in non‐risk organs, 67% for RO− patients reactivating in risk organs. Two‐year pSU for the entire group is 68%. Seventy‐three percent of patients with a poor response to 2‐CdA died. Sixty‐five percent patients >2 years old and 30% <2 years old survived. There was a median of 26 months from diagnosis to 2‐CdA for responders compared to a median of 5 months for non‐responders. Twenty‐one percent of patients treated <12 months and 57% treated >12 months from diagnosis responded.Conclusion2‐CdA is active in LCH. It produces a higher response rate in patients with low‐risk multisystem or multifocal bone disease than those with risk organ involvement. “Risk” patients who fail to respond to 2‐CdA have a high mortality. Patient age at 2‐CdA therapy and length of time from diagnosis to 2‐CdA significantly affect response and survival. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1271–1276. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systematic molecular genetic analysis of congenital sideroblastic anemia: Evidence for genetic heterogeneity and identification of novel mutations
Authors: Bergmann Anke K. , Campagna Dean R. , McLoughlin Erin M. , Agarwal Suneet , Fleming Mark D. , Bottomley Sylvia S. , Neufeld Ellis J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundSideroblastic anemias are heterogeneous congenital and acquired bone marrow disorders characterized by pathologic iron deposits in mitochondria of erythroid precursors. Among the congenital sideroblastic anemias (CSAs), the most common form is X‐linked sideroblastic anemia, due to mutations in 5‐aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS2). A novel autosomal recessive CSA, caused by mutations in the erythroid specific mitochondrial transporter SLC25A38, was recently defined. Other known etiologies include mutations in genes encoding the thiamine transporter SLC19A2, the RNA‐modifying enzyme pseudouridine synthase 1 (PUS1), a mitochondrial ATP‐binding cassette transporter (ABCB7), glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5), as well as mitochondrial DNA deletions. Despite these known diverse causes, in a substantial portion of CSA cases a presumed genetic defect remains unknown.ProcedureIn the context of the recent discovery of SLC25A38 as a major novel cause, we systematically analyzed a large cohort of previously unreported CSA patients. Sixty CSA probands (28 females, 32 males) were examined for ALAS2, SLC25A38, PUS1, GLRX5, and ABCB7 mutations. SLC19A2 and mitochondrial DNA were only analyzed if characteristic syndromic features were apparent.ResultsTwelve probands had biallelic mutations in SLC25A38. Seven ALAS2 mutations were detected in eight sporadic CSA cases, two being novel. We also identified a novel homozygous null PUS1 mutation and novel mitochondrial DNA deletions in two patients with Pearson syndrome. No mutations were encountered in GLRX5, ABCB7, or SLC19A2.ConclusionsThe remaining undefined probands (43%) can be grouped according to gender, family, and clinical characteristics, suggesting novel X‐linked and autosomal recessive forms of CSA. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:273–278. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytomegalovirus infection mimicking juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia showing hypersensitivity to granulocyte–macrophage colony stimulating factor
Authors: Moritake Hiroshi , Ikeda Toshio , Manabe Atsushi , Kamimura Sachiyo , Nunoi Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe describe an infant with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection presenting as transient myeloproliferation resembling juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML). The patient fulfilled the international diagnostic criteria of JMML, including hypersensitivity to granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF). Viral studies using serologic assays and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were positive for CMV. Clinical symptoms disappeared and laboratory values returned to normal without specific treatment within 1 year. Follow‐up showing a decrease in viral titers suggested CMV infection as an etiologic factor for the development of myeloproliferative features. We conclude that the CMV infection transiently induced abnormal myelopoiesis in this infant. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1324–1326. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Panton–Valentine leukocidin‐positive methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in children with cancer
Authors: Srinivasan Ashok , Seifried Steven , Zhu Liang , Srivastava Deo K. , Flynn Patricia M. , Shenep Jerry L. , Bankowski Matthew J. , Hayden Randall T. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundNew strains of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which frequently carry the Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes have been recognized to cause invasive infections in otherwise healthy children and adults. However, the epidemiology of PVL‐positive MRSA infections has not been described in children or adults with cancer.ProcedureThe epidemiology of MRSA infections in patients with cancer was retrospectively studied from 2000 to 2007. Molecular typing was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the detection of the PVL genes. Staphylococcus cassette chromosome (SCC) mec and spa typing was performed on all PVL‐positive isolates.ResultsA total of 88 MRSA isolates from clinically distinct infectious episodes were collected from 88 patients with cancer during the 8‐year study period. Infections were predominant in the skin and soft tissues (SSTI; P = 0.0003). PVL‐positive isolates, bearing the type IV SCCmec element, encoding the gene for methicillin resistance, increased significantly during this period (P = 0.043) and comprised 35 of 88 (40%) MRSA isolates. Of these 35 isolates, 32 belonged to spa type 8 and were USA300 genotype. Patients infected with PVL‐positive strains did not have more SSTI (P = 0.166) or bacteremia (P = 0.510) as compared to patients with PVL‐negative strains. A greater percentage of PVL‐positive isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin (P = 0.006).ConclusionsPVL‐positive MRSA infections are not associated with a higher morbidity as compared to PVL‐negative MRSA infections in children with cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1216–1220. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Conidiobolomycosis in relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Radhakrishnan Nita , Sachdeva Anupam , Oberoi Jaswinder , Yadav Satya Prakash 
Published: September 2009

AbstractInvasive fungal infections in immunocompromised children suffering from hematological malignancies have been a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In recent years fungi other than aspergillus and candida are gaining importance. These emerging fungal infections have distinct epidemiological features and management issues especially in immunocompromised patients. Here we report the isolation of Conidiobolus coronatus, a rarely reported zygomycetes infection in a patient suffering from acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Conidiobolus generally causes indolent infection in the sino‐respiratory tract. They are known to be angioinvasive and can disseminate. There is no consensus regarding appropriate antifungal treatment for Conidiobolus infection. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1321–1323. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allogeneic HCT) for treatment of pediatric Philadelphia chromosome‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Authors: Burke Michael J. , Cao Qing , Trotz Barb , Weigel Brenda , Kumar Ashish , Smith Angela , Verneris Michael R. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundAllogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) with best available donor for children with Philadelphia positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has previously been considered standard practice. Since the introduction of imatinib into the treatment of this disease, the role of allogeneic HCT is more uncertain.ProcedureWe investigated the impact of remission status, graft source, and imatinib use on transplant outcomes for 37 children with Ph+ ALL who received an allogeneic HCT at the University of Minnesota between 1990 and 2006. The median age at HCT was 7.47 (range; 1.4–16.4) years. Thirteen patients received imatinib therapy pre‐ and/or post‐HCT (imatinib group) and 24 patients, received either no imatinib (n = 23) or only post‐HCT relapse (n = 1) (non‐imatinib group).ResultsThere was no difference in disease‐free survival (DFS) or relapse between the imatinib and non‐imatinib groups at 3 years (62%/15% vs. 53%/26%; P = 0.99; 0.81, respectively). There was no significant difference in transplant outcomes between matched related donor or unrelated donor (umbilical cord blood or matched unrelated marrow) recipients whereas patients receiving allogeneic HCT in first remission (CR1) had superior DFS and less relapse compared to patients transplanted in ≥CR2 (71%/16% vs. 29%/36%; P = 0.01; P = 0.05).ConclusionsBased on this retrospective analysis at a single institution, the use of imatinib either pre‐ and/or post‐transplant does not appear to significantly impact outcomes for children with Ph+ ALL and allogeneic HCT with the best available donor should be encouraged in CR1. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009; 53:1289–1294. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin and daunorubicinol in infants with leukemia treated in the interfant 99 protocol
Authors: Hempel Georg , Relling Mary V. , de Rossi Giulio , Stary Jan , De Lorenzo Paola , Valsecchi Maria Grazia , Barisone Elena , Boos Joachim , Pieters Rob 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundThere is an extreme paucity of pharmacokinetic data for anticancer agents in infants. Therefore, we aimed at characterizing the pharmacokinetics for daunorubicin in infants and examined their relationship to age, body weight, and body surface area.ProcedureLeukemia patients treated according to the Interfant 99 protocol received 30 mg/m2 daunorubicin, with dose reduction to 3/4 for patients 6–12 months old and 2/3 for patients <6 months, respectively. Plasma samples from 21 patients (aged 0.05–1.88 years) were collected and analyzed for daunorubicin and daunorubicinol. Samples from 12 children (age 1.6–18.8 years), who received daunorubicin in an earlier investigation, were used for pharmacokinetic model building using the software NONMEM.ResultsPlasma concentration time profiles could be described using a two compartment model. Daunorubicin clearance was 43.9 L hr−1 m−2 ± 65% and central volume of distribution 16.4 L m−2 ± 46%, whereas apparent clearance of daunorubicinol was 19.1 L hr−1 m−2 ± 32% and apparent volume of distribution 228 L m−2 ± 80% (mean ± interindividual variability). No age‐dependency in any of the BSA‐normalized pharmacokinetic parameters was observed. Consequently, due to the empirical dose reduction in infants the overall exposure to daunorubicinol in infants was smaller than would be expected from older children. Patients aged <6 months experienced more infections in the induction phase than the group aged 6–12 months at diagnosis. Other toxicities were similar in both groups.ConclusionWe observed no indication of an age‐dependency in the pharmacokinetics of daunorubicin. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:355–360. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical outcome in children with recurrent neuroblastoma treated with ABT‐751 and effect of ABT‐751 on proliferation of neuroblastoma cell lines and on tubulin polymerization in vitro
Authors: Meany Holly J. , Sackett Dan L. , Maris John M. , Ward Yvona , Krivoshik Andrew , Cohn Susan L. , Steinberg Seth M. , Balis Frank M. , Fox Elizabeth 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackgroundABT‐751, an orally bioavailable sulfonamide, binds β‐tubulin to inhibit microtubule polymerization. We described response and event‐free survival (EFS) in children with neuroblastoma and other solid tumors receiving ABT‐751, assessed in vitro cytotoxicity of ABT‐751 and evaluated the effect of ABT‐751 on tubulin polymerization in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and pediatric tumor cell lines.ProcedurePatients with neuroblastoma (n = 50) or other solid tumors (n = 26) enrolled on the ABT‐751 pediatric phase I and pilot trials were reviewed. The sulforhodamine B (SRB) and ACEA Real‐Time Cell Electronic Sensing (RT‐CES) assays were used to determine the in vitro cytotoxicity. Pharmacodynamic effects on tubulin polymerization/depolymerization were assessed by Western blot and confocal microscopy using antibodies specific for post‐translational modifications of polymerized tubulin.ResultsForty‐five patients with neuroblastoma were evaluated for anti‐tumor response. No complete or partial responses were documented. The median EFS was 9.3 weeks for children with neuroblastoma and 3.3 weeks for children other solid tumors (P < 0.0001). The ABT‐751 IC50 was 0.6–2.6 mcM in neuroblastoma and 0.7–4.6 mcM in other solid tumor cell lines. Following drug exposure, polymerized tubulin decreased in a concentration‐ and time‐dependent manner in cell lines.ConclusionsIn children treated with ABT‐751, the EFS is longer in children with neuroblastoma as compared to other diagnoses. In vitro, ABT‐751 was cytotoxic at concentrations tolerable in children. Effects of ABT‐751 on polymerization and microtubule structure were time‐ and dose‐dependent but not dependent on tumor type. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010; 54:47–54. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The pediatric hydroxyurea phase III clinical trial (BABY HUG): Challenges of study design
Authors: Thompson Bruce W. , Miller Scott T. , Rogers Zora R. , Rees Renee C. , Ware Russell E. , Waclawiw Myron A. , Iyer Rathi V. , Casella James F. , Luchtman‐Jones Lori , Rana Sohail , Thornburg Courtney D. , Kalpatthi Ram V. , Barredo Julio C. , Brown R. Clark , Sarnaik Sharada , Howard Thomas H. , Luck Lori , Wang Winfred C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractEvidence of the laboratory benefits of hydroxyurea and its clinical efficacy in reducing acute vaso‐occlusive events in adults and children with sickle cell anemia has accumulated for more than 15 years. A definitive clinical trial showing that hydroxyurea can also prevent organ damage might support widespread use of the drug at an early age. BABY HUG is a randomized, double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial to test whether treating young children ages 9–17 months at entry with a liquid preparation of hydroxyurea (20 mg/kg/day for 2 years) can decrease organ damage in the kidneys and spleen by at least 50%. Creation of BABY HUG entailed unique challenges and opportunities. Although protection of brain function might be considered a more compelling endpoint, preservation of spleen and renal function has clinical relevance, and significant treatment effects might be discernable within the mandated sample size of 200. Concerns about unanticipated severe toxicity and burdensome testing and monitoring requirements were addressed in part by an internal Feasibility and Safety Pilot Study, the successful completion of which was required prior to enrolling a larger number of children on the protocol. Concerns over recruitment of potentially vulnerable subjects were allayed by inclusion of a research subject advocate, or ombudsman. Finally, maintenance of blinding of research personnel was aided by inclusion of an unblinded primary endpoint person, charged with transmitting endpoint data and monitoring blood work locally for toxicity (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00006400). Pediatr Blood Cancer 2010;54:250–255. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Tree fruit IPM programs in the western United States: the challenge of enhancing biological control through intensive management
Authors: Jones Vincent P , Unruh Thomas R , Horton David R , Mills Nicholas J , Brunner Jay F , Beers Elizabeth H , Shearer Peter W 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe seminal work of Stern and his coauthors on integrated control has had a profound and long‐lasting effect on the development of IPM programs in western orchard systems. Management systems based solely on pesticides have proven to be unstable, and the success of IPM systems in western orchards has been driven by conservation of natural enemies to control secondary pests, combined with pesticides and mating disruption to suppress the key lepidopteran pests. However, the legislatively mandated changes in pesticide use patterns prompted by the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996 have resulted in an increased instability of pest populations in orchards because of natural enemy destruction. The management system changes have made it necessary to focus efforts on enhancing biological control not only of secondary pests but also of primary lepidopteran pests to help augment new pesticides and mating disruption tactics. The new management programs envisioned will be information extensive as well as time sensitive and will require redesign of educational and outreach programs to be successful. The developing programs will continue to use the core principles of Stern and his co‐authors, but go beyond them to incorporate changes in society, technology and information transfer, as needed. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry