bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the gut symbiotic microbiota in long- and short-winged brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål)
Authors: Zhao Jingjing , Guan Guangxiang , Li Danting , Yu Xiaoping , Shentu Xuping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is one of the most important rice pests in Asia rice regions. BPH has monophagy, migration, rapid reproduction and strong environmental adaptability, and its control is a major problem in pest management. Adult BPH exhibit wing dimorphism, and the symbiotic microbiota enriched in the gut can provide energy for wing flight muscles as a source of nutrition. In order to study the diversity of symbiotic microbiota in different winged BPHs, this paper takes female BPH as the research object. It was found that the number of symbiotic microbiota of different winged BPHs would change at different development stages. Then, based on the 16S rRNA and ITS sequences, a metagenomic library was constructed, combined with fluorescent quantitative PCR and high-throughput sequencing, the dominant symbiotic microbiota flora in the gut of different winged BPHs was found, and the community structure and composition of symbiotic microbiota in different winged BPHs were further determined. Together, our results preliminarily revealed that symbiotic microbiota in the gut of BPHs have certain effects on wing morphology, and understanding the mechanisms underlying wing morph differentiation will clarify how nutritional factors or environmental cues alter or regulate physiological and metabolic pathways. These findings also establish a theoretical basis for subsequent explorations into BPH-symbiont interplay.
Extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma: a challenge and an opportunity
Authors: Indira Chandran Vineesh , Gopala Srinivas , Venkat Easwer Hariharan , Kjolby Mads , Nejsum Peter 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGlioblastoma is a highly heterogeneous tumor whose pathophysiological complexities dictate both the diagnosis of disease severity as well as response to therapy. Conventional diagnostic tools and standard treatment regimens have only managed to achieve limited success in the management of patients suspected of glioblastoma. Extracellular vesicles are an emerging liquid biopsy tool that has shown great promise in resolving the limitations presented by the heterogeneous nature of glioblastoma. Here we discuss the contrasting yet interdependent dual role of extracellular vesicles as communication agents that contribute to the progression of glioblastoma by creating a heterogeneous microenvironment and as a liquid biopsy tool providing an opportunity to accurately identify the disease severity and progression.
An operational guide to translational clinical machine learning in academic medical centers
Authors: Poddar Mukund , Marwaha Jayson S. , Yuan William , Romero-Brufau Santiago , Brat Gabriel A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFew published data science tools are ever translated from academia to real-world clinical settings for which they were intended. One dimension of this problem is the software engineering task of turning published academic projects into tools that are usable at the bedside. Given the complexity of the data ecosystem in large health systems, this task often represents a significant barrier to the real-world deployment of data science tools for prospective piloting and evaluation. Many information technology companies have created Machine Learning Operations (MLOps) teams to help with such tasks at scale, but the low penetration of home-grown data science tools in regular clinical practice precludes the formation of such teams in healthcare organizations. Based on experiences deploying data science tools at two large academic medical centers (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA; Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN), we propose a strategy to facilitate this transition from academic product to operational tool, defining the responsibilities of the principal investigator, data scientist, machine learning engineer, health system IT administrator, and clinician end-user throughout the process. We first enumerate the technical resources and stakeholders needed to prepare for model deployment. We then propose an approach to planning how the final product will work from data extraction and analysis to visualization of model outputs. Finally, we describe how the team should execute on this plan. We hope to guide health systems aiming to deploy minimum viable data science tools and realize their value in clinical practice.
StrokeClassifier: ischemic stroke etiology classification by ensemble consensus modeling using electronic health records
Authors: Lee Ho-Joon , Schwamm Lee H. , Sansing Lauren H. , Kamel Hooman , de Havenon Adam , Turner Ashby C. , Sheth Kevin N. , Krishnaswamy Smita , Brandt Cynthia , Zhao Hongyu , Krumholz Harlan , Sharma Richa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDetermining acute ischemic stroke (AIS) etiology is fundamental to secondary stroke prevention efforts but can be diagnostically challenging. We trained and validated an automated classification tool,StrokeClassifier, using electronic health record (EHR) text from 2039 non-cryptogenic AIS patients at 2 academic hospitals to predict the 4-level outcome of stroke etiology adjudicated by agreement of at least 2 board-certified vascular neurologists’ review of the EHR.StrokeClassifieris an ensemble consensus meta-model of 9 machine learning classifiers applied to features extracted from discharge summary texts by natural language processing.StrokeClassifierwas externally validated in 406 discharge summaries from the MIMIC-III dataset reviewed by a vascular neurologist to ascertain stroke etiology. Compared with vascular neurologists’ diagnoses,StrokeClassifierachieved the mean cross-validated accuracy of 0.74 and weighted F1 of 0.74 for multi-class classification. In MIMIC-III, its accuracy and weighted F1 were 0.70 and 0.71, respectively. In binary classification, the two metrics ranged from 0.77 to 0.96. The top 5 features contributing to stroke etiology prediction were atrial fibrillation, age, middle cerebral artery occlusion, internal carotid artery occlusion, and frontal stroke location. We designed a certainty heuristic to grade the confidence ofStrokeClassifier’sdiagnosis as non-cryptogenic by the degree of consensus among the 9 classifiers and applied it to 788 cryptogenic patients, reducing cryptogenic diagnoses from 25.2% to 7.2%.StrokeClassifieris a validated artificial intelligence tool that rivals the performance of vascular neurologists in classifying ischemic stroke etiology. With further training,StrokeClassifiermay have downstream applications including its use as a clinical decision support system.
The pluripotency factor NANOG contributes to mesenchymal plasticity and is predictive for outcome in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: van der Zalm Amber P. , Dings Mark P. G. , Manoukian Paul , Boersma Hannah , Janssen Reimer , Bailey Peter , Koster Jan , Zwijnenburg Danny , Volckmann Richard , Bootsma Sanne , Waasdorp Cynthia , van Mourik Monique , Blangé Dionne , van den Ende Tom , Oyarce César I. , Derks Sarah , Creemers Aafke , Ebbing Eva A. , Hooijer Gerrit K. , Meijer Sybren L. , van Berge Henegouwen Mark I. , Medema Jan Paul , van Laarhoven Hanneke W. M. , Bijlsma Maarten F. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the advent of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), overall survival rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) remain low. A readily induced mesenchymal transition of EAC cells contributes to resistance to CRT.

Methods
In this study, we aimed to chart the heterogeneity in cell state transition after CRT and to identify its underpinnings. A panel of 12 esophageal cultures were treated with CRT and ranked by their relative epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity. RNA-sequencing was performed on 100 pre-treatment biopsies. After RNA-sequencing, Ridge regression analysis was applied to correlate gene expression to ranked plasticity, and models were developed to predict mesenchymal transitions in patients. Plasticity score predictions of the three highest significant predictive models were projected on the pre-treatment biopsies and related to clinical outcome data. Motif enrichment analysis of the genes associated with all three models was performed.

Results
This study reveals NANOG as the key associated transcription factor predicting mesenchymal plasticity in EAC. Expression of NANOG in pre-treatment biopsies is highly associated with poor response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation, the occurrence of recurrences, and median overall survival difference in EAC patients (>48 months). Perturbation of NANOG reduces plasticity and resensitizes cell lines, organoid cultures, and patient-derived in vivo grafts.

Conclusions
In conclusion, NANOG is a key transcription factor in mesenchymal plasticity in EAC and a promising predictive marker for outcome.
3D printed sub-terahertz photonic crystal for wireless passive biosensing
Authors: Zhao Yixiong , Abbas Ali Alhaj , Sakaki Masoud , Bramlage Gero , Delaittre Guillaume , Benson Niels , Kaiser Thomas , Balzer Jan C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMonitoring pathogens has become a major challenge for society and research in recent years. Of great interest are refractive index sensors, which are based on the interaction between analytes and electromagnetic waves and allow label-free and fast detection. In addition, the electromagnetic waves can be exploited for wireless communication. However, current refractive index biosensors can only be read from a few centimeters. Here, we demonstrate an innovative concept of a passive wireless sensor based on a sub-terahertz photonic crystal resonator. The fabricated sensors have a reading range of up to 0.9 m and elevation and azimuth acceptance angles of around 90°. We demonstrate the stand-off detection of sub-µm thin-film proteins as test analytes. The proposed wireless sensor opens the door to a non-electronic, compact, and low-cost solution and can be extended to a wireless sensor network monitoring airborne pathogen, which may provide a pre-infection detection to prevent their spread efficiently.
Demographic Disparities in Drive Times to the Nearest Audiologist in the United States
Authors: Pudrith Charles , Chen Xuwei , Buac Milijana , Billingsly Danica , Hill Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

Purpose:
Audiological services are underused, possibly because patients need to drive long distances to see a provider. In this study, we measured the association of drive times to the nearest audiologist with population density, income, ethnicity, race, and distance to the nearest audiology graduate program.

Method:
Drive times for each census block group to the nearest audiologist were measured using census data, the National Provider Identifier Registry, and a geographic analyzing tool called ArcGIS for all block groups within the United States. The association between drive times and population density, income, ethnicity, race, and audiology program distance was evaluated with a population density–matched case–control study and multiple linear regression analyses.

Results:
Approximately 5.29 million Americans need to drive at least 1 hr to visit their closest audiologist. The 10% most rural-dwelling Americans drive an average of 33.8 min. The population density–matched case–control study demonstrated that percent below poverty, percent identifying as Hispanic, and travel times to the nearest audiology program were all significantly higher in census block groups with high drive times to the nearest audiologist. An average of 7.96% of individuals in census block groups with low drive times identified as Hispanic, but 18.8% identified as Hispanic in high drive time groups. The multiple linear regression showed that the effect of demographics and distance to the nearest audiology program was highest in rural areas. In both analyses, adjusting for poverty did not drastically change the effect of percent identifying as Hispanic on drive times.

Conclusions:
Long drive times restrict access to audiological care for those who live in rural areas. This restriction disproportionately affects those in rural areas who identify as Hispanic or have low income.
A blockchain‐based secure framework for data management
Authors: Zorlu Ozan , Ozsoy Adnan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractData management is a crucial requirement due to the autonomous and constrained nature of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Internet of Things (IoTs), and the aviation domain. The autonomous and restricted nature of these sectors increases the need for a shared, distributed database, strong access control management, consensus in autonomous decision‐making, and effective communication across diverse protocols and devices. This research presents a comprehensive approach and offers a new viewpoint to the field of blockchain while establishing a fundamental baseline for future improvements in data management systems and addressing the shortcomings of previously proposed existing frameworks in order to fulfill the complex needs of secure data management. This study contributes to the advancement of secure and efficient data management systems by implementing robust data monitoring for error detection, ensuring data integrity, and enabling encrypted or anonymous data sharing based on sensitivity levels. Additionally, the integration of diverse devices, enforcement of immutable regulations compliance, and development of permissioned blockchain systems for identity management further enhance the system's capabilities, offering comprehensive solutions for modern data management challenges. In the tests, the proposed framework showed increased successful transactions in all rate controllers. Besides, effect of the validator number on throughput and latency is tested and analyzed thoroughly.
DAF‐Retinex: Preserve the image detailed features and restore the reflected image
Authors: Huang Shiyu , Gao Zijun , Wang Jue , Li Bo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCurrently, deep learning methods for low‐light image enhancement tasks mainly focus on the illumination of images, while neglecting the problems of image noise and feature loss. To address this issue, this paper proposes a novel low‐light image enhancement network called DAF‐Retinex, based on the Retinex‐Net. To address the issue of image noise, different from traditional image denoise methods, this paper utilizes a fully convolutional neural network to denoise the reflection component, additionally, a denoising loss function is introduced to suppress noise. For preserving image details and extracting features, this paper creatively introduces self‐calibrated convolutions into low‐light image enhancement tasks, furthermore, a feature augmented attention block consisting of feature‐guided attention (FGA) is designed for feature learning to effectively enhance image illumination and extract image detail features. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm in this paper effectively removes image noise and extracts detailed features, resulting in visually improved outcomes. On public datasets, the average improvement in objective evaluation metrics of image quality such as PSNR, SSIM, and NIQE are 1.13%, 4.12%, and 1.28%, respectively.
Discontinuité d’existence dans le stress post-traumatique
Authors: Bahuaud Marie 
Published: May 2024

La définition du traumatisme selon F. Lebigot (2009) souligne l’impact de l’effroi sur la psyché et le corps, en tant que « rencontre avec le réel de la mort ». La phénoménologie nous invite à nous attarder sur cette question de « se voir mourir » et les modifications profondes que cette effraction va provoquer sur l’être-au-monde de la personne qui vient nous consulter. Les manifestations traumatiques et leurs déclinaisons dans la vie quotidienne sont autant de moments de rupture, de discontinuité et d’envahissement des éprouvés. C’est à travers le récit de Djamal et de Léonore que nous aborderons ces différents moments. Ces deux présentations cliniques, contrastées, nous font toucher, de près et de loin, les vécus et leur métamorphose narrative. Que la langue soit « étrangère » ou non, la parole de l’un et de l’autre va tenter de donner forme, à la fois comme retentissement intérieur de la voix, mais également comme réflexivité et saisie d’une altérité. Dans ce face-à-face renouvelé et imprévisible de chaque séance, « quelque chose » va se nouer, se rythmer, résonner, s’éprouver, comme autant de modulations créatives et d’affirmations existentielles.
Chapter 2: My Hearing Aid Isn't Working Like It Used to…
Authors: Zitelli Lori , Palmer Catherine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis chapter will take you through specific patient complaints and the test box measures you can use to address these complaints. These measurements give you data that aid in your decision making about what is wrong, if anything, with the hearing aid and how you might address the problem. Before we discuss specific patient complaints and problems, let us review the American National Standard Institute (ANSI) guidelines for hearing aid testing in a test box.
“It Would Be All-Consuming”: Community Parents' Perceptions of the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Balistreri Kathryn A. , Tager Julia B. , Lim Paulina S. , Davies W Hobart , Lerret Stacee M. , Magner Kristin K. , Scanlon Matthew C. , Rothschild Charles B. ,   for the Milwaukee Collaborative for Resilience and Emotional Wellness Science (Milwaukee CREWS)
Published: May 2024

AbstractParents of children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) may have expectations which could contribute to their emotional experiences both during and after hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate community parents' knowledge and perceptions of the PICU to enhance understanding of preexisting concerns that may influence PICU experiences. English-speaking parents who had a child between the ages of 6 and 12 years old participated. Participants (n = 211) were mostly female (77%), white (72%), and married (72%). Participants completed an online survey regarding demographics and PICU knowledge. Participants were randomized to read a vignette in which a friend disclosed their child's PICU hospitalization either due to surgery, an accident, or chronic health condition. After reading the vignette, participants reported on the expected length of stay (LOS), survival expectations, and expected level of distress. Parents responded to open-ended questions regarding anticipated stressors, parent needs, and PICU resources. Parents overestimated the LOS and underestimated the survival rate. They expected PICU hospitalization to be highly distressing, primarily due to concerns about their hospitalized child, and that parents would need and have emotional support available to them. Parents may come into the PICU with preexisting concerns regarding medical outcomes. It is important that PICU providers assess for and address any parent misperceptions about their child's illness immediately upon admission and frequently throughout hospitalization. It is important to offer and encourage the use of psychosocial support services.
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Rescue Therapy in Pediatric Bupropion Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Olives Travis D. , Sweat Christopher N. , Dorsey-Spitz Lauren , Bahadori-Esfahani Farbod , Arens Ann M. , Cole Jon B. , Somani Arif 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Objective Our objective was to describe clinical characteristics and course of pediatric bupropion ingestions requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) life support.
Desgin The study included a retrospective cohort of patients ≤18 years of age reported to a regional poison control (PC) system covering three states in the upper Midwest United States. All bupropion exposures ≤18 years of age, coded as receiving ECMO to treat toxicity, were included. Clinical presentation and management including ECMO are presented as descriptive statistics.
Results During the study period, 4,951 bupropion exposures were reported; 1,145 (23.1%) were children. Nine patients were coded as undergoing ECMO; four (44.4%) were ≤18 years of age (median 16, range 14–17). All were treated with venoarterial ECMO. The median time from ingestion to presentation was 2.25 hours (range: 1–3.5). Median first systolic blood pressure and pulse were 100 mm Hg (range: 70–124) and 119.5 (range: 70–175). The median time from ingestion to ECMO was 17.63 hours (range: 7.25–33.75); median number of vasopressors was 2.5 (range: 2–3). All experienced multiple seizures, ventricular dysrhythmias, and hypotension. Three of four sustained cardiac arrest. All but one required transfer to an ECMO-capable facility for definitive care. Three patients survived with full neurologic recovery; one died.
Conclusion Pediatric bupropion cases requiring ECMO were rare in this study. Time to initiation and duration of EMCO suggest that the variable onset of hemodynamic instability may delay ECMO initiation. It is incumbent on PCs and medical toxicologists to educate prescribers and pediatricians about bupropion's potential lethality and to consider early transfer to an ECMO center.
Lateral Posterior Method for Depth Correction while Using the Gates Protocol for GFR Estimation: Is it Comparable to the Gold Standard GFR Estimation by Plasma Sampling?
Authors: Gokhale Shefali Madhur 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation by Gates protocol using the gamma camera for diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) dynamic renography has not compared well with the gold standard GFR by plasma sampling method. This is because depth of the kidneys is generally not considered. Our aim was to study whether manual depth correction using the skin to middle of kidney distance in lateral view and posterior aspect-lateral posterior method would reduce the bias in the Gates GFR as compared with the gold standard.
Materials and Methods Retrospective study of 27 adult prospective renal donors who underwent GFR by plasma sampling and DTPA dynamic renography at Inlaks and Budhrani Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India between January 2022 and April 2023. The entire data was statistically analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS ver 21.0, IBM Corporation, United States) for MS Windows.
Results There is no significant agreement between plasma sampling versus gamma camera method and plasma sampling versus lateral posterior method for depth correction for GFR measurements; however, the evidence of systemic bias is lower for the gamma camera method compared with the lateral posterior method for depth correction as against the plasma sampling method.
Conclusion The lateral posterior method for depth correction while using the gamma camera-based Gates protocol is not a reliable method for depth correction in the western Indian adult population with preserved renal function.