bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoszkóposan eltávolított vastagbéllipoma eseter
Authors: Siddiqui Muhammed Rafay Sameem , Azeez Azeem , Gyanti Rita , Zaborsky Andras , Hasan Fazal 
Published: December 2009

AbsztraktVastagbélben elhelyezkedő lipomák kezelése vitatott, mert ritka kórképről van szó és kevés hosszú távú adat áll rendelkezésünkre ezek megbízható kezeléséről. A szerzők vastagbéllipoma polypectomiával egybekötött endoszkópos eltávolításának esetét tárgyalják közleményükben, majd ezt követően részletesen áttekintik az ide vonatkozó irodalmat. Véleményük szerint a 2 cm-nél nagyobb lipomáknál a sebészi úton történő eltávolítás a leggyakoribb, ugyanakkor ennél nagyobb lipomák is eltávolíthatóak endoszkópos módszerrel megfelelő betegkiválasztás után.
Dentoalveolar Relationships of Malay Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate
Authors: Zreaqat Ma'en , Hassan Rozita , Halim Ahmad Sukari 
Published: December 2009

Objective: To determine the treatment outcome based on dentoalveolar relationships among Malay children born with nonsyndromic complete unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting and Sample Population: The Department of Orthodontics at the School of Dental Science and the Reconstructive Sciences Unit, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia. Dental study models of 82 UCLP Malay children aged 8 to 10 years were evaluated. All subjects had their cleft lip and palate repaired, but no alveolar bone graft or any orthodontic treatment was performed. Outcome Measure: The outcome of dental arch relationships was assessed using the Goslon Yardstick Index: a dental measure with outcomes ranked on a scale ranging from 1 to 5. Agreement of rating was assessed with weighted kappa statistics; both intraexaminer and interexaminer agreements were high, indicating good reproducibility. Results: A total of 2.4% of the sample was in grade 1, 24.4% in grade 2, 35.4% in grade 3, 31.7% in grade 4, and 6.1% in grade 5. The mean Goslon index score was 3.15. Conclusion: Dentoalveolar relationship outcomes of UCLP Malay children are intermediate according to the Goslon Yardstick. Interpretation of results should consider the ethnic differences in the craniofacial complex.
Biomechanical Analysis of the Effect of Intracranial Pressure on the Orbital Distances in Trigonocephaly
Authors: Nagasao Tomohisa , Miyamoto Junpei , Jiang Hua , Kaneko Tsuyoshi , Tamaki Tamotsu 
Published: December 2009

Objective This biomechanical study aims to elucidate differences in how skulls with trigonocephaly, normal skulls, and postoperative trigonocephalic skulls respond to intracranial pressure and how this affects the orbital distances. Materials and Methods For 10 patients with trigonocephaly (8.2 ± 4.5 months), simulation models were produced based on the computed tomographic data of the skulls. These models were categorized as the Trigono group. For each model, a 15-mm Hg pressure was applied to the neurocranium to simulate the intracranial pressure. The interorbital distances expanded in response to the applied pressure. The amount of the change in the orbital distance was calculated using finite element analysis. The same processes were repeated for 10 models simulating normal skulls (the Control group) and postoperative trigonocephalic skulls (the Remodeled group). The changes in the orbital distance were compared among the three groups. Results The changes in the orbital distance were significantly smaller for the Trigono group than for the Control group. However, changes were significantly greater for the Remodeled group than for the Control group. Conclusion The expansion of interorbital distances in response to the cranial pressure is restricted in skulls with trigonocephaly. This restriction is eliminated by performing remodeling of the skull. These findings explain why spontaneous correction of hypotelorism occurs postoperatively in trigonocephaly.
Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Teams in the United States and Canada: A National Survey of Team Organization and Standards of Care
Authors: Strauss Ronald P. ,   American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) Team Standards Committee, Berkowitz Samuel , Boyne Philip J. , Brown Arthur , Canady John , Cohen Marilyn , Hallman Linda , Hardesty Robert , Jones Marilyn , Kapp-Simon Kathleen , Landis Pat , Lehman James , Power Lynda , Senders Craig , Sharp Helen , Steinberg Barry , Turvey Timothy , VanDemark Duane 
Published: December 2009

Objective This study is the first comprehensive national survey of the organization, function, and composition of cleft palate and craniofacial teams in the U.S. and Canada. Complete descriptions of cleft and craniofacial teams are not currently provided in the literature, and this study will provide an overview for health services research and policy use. Conducted by a national organization, this study examines teams in detail using a pretested and standardized methodology. Design All known (n = 296) North American cleft palate and craniofacial teams were contacted for team listing purposes using a self-assessment method developed by an interdisciplinary committee of national stature. Team clinical leaders classified their teams into several possible categories and provided data on team care. The response rate was 83.4% (n = 247). Results The distribution of listed teams was: 105 (42.5%) cleft palate teams, 102 (41.3%) craniofacial teams (including craniofacial teams that are both cleft palate and craniofacial teams), 12 (4.9%) geographically listed teams, and 28 (11.3%) other teams (including interim cleft palate teams, low-density cleft palate teams, and evaluation and treatment review cleft palate teams). Eighty-five percent of all teams systematically collected and stored clinical data on their team's patient population in the past year. Furthermore, 50% of all teams had a quality assurance program in place to measure treatment outcomes. Other findings presented include the annual number of face-to-face team meetings; new and follow-up patient censuses; and surgical rates for initial repair of cleft lip/palate, orthognathic/osteotomy procedures, and intracranial/craniofacial procedures. Conclusions Two of five North American teams classify themselves as having the capacity to provide both cleft palate and craniofacial care. An additional two of five teams limit their primary role to cleft palate care. Issues are raised regarding the distribution of teams, the regionalization of craniofacial services, health policy, and resource allocation.
Statistical Model for Dispersion in a 2D Glass Micromodel
Authors: Ghazanfari Mohammad Hossein , Kharrat Riyaz , Rashtchian Davood , Vossoughi Shapour 
Published: December 2009

Summary
Microscopic visualization of a porous medium can provide valuable information to enhance understanding of pore-scale transport phenomena. In this work, a novel and unique approach is provided to combine experimentally measured pore-size distribution with theoretical statistical analysis to predict longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients. The approach presented can be easily extended to predict other fluid-flow parameters through porous media, such as permeability, and capillary pressure. Here, a micromodel is considered as a porous medium. The grains and pores of the micromodel are nonuniform in size, shape, and distribution. The pore-size distribution, as well as pore-length distribution, was extracted by applying an image analysis technique. A 2D random network model of the micromodel has been constructed for which the nonuniformity is considered by assigning measured distribution functions. The random particle method was applied for correlating and predicting dispersion coefficients on the basis of probabilistic approaches. Statistical derivations result in a new functional dependence for the longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients in terms of pore velocity and ensemble averages. Prediction from the derived model, for both longitudinal and transverse dispersion, is in agreement with the experimental data. Despite the simplicity of the proposed network model, its reasonable prediction provides some confidence that it can be considered as a reasonable approximation of the complex nature of porous media.
Technological Diversity and Cost Uncertainty
Authors: Krysiak Frank C. 
Published: December 2009

Abstract
In many industries, different technologies are used simultaneously for the production of a homogeneous good. Such diversification is socially beneficial, because it reduces the transmission of factor price volatility, like oil-price shocks, to consumer prices. Therefore, many countries have implemented policies aimed at increasing technological diversification. The question is whether such policies are necessary. We use a two-stage investment model to address this question in the setting of perfect competition and of a monopoly. We show that factor price uncertainty leads to diversification, if capital is not too expensive, and that this diversification is due to each firm investing in a diversified technology portfolio. An important implication of this form of diversification is that technological diversity is socially optimal, even in the case of a monopoly. Thus policy intervention is unnecessary and might even be detrimental.
Sorption of light hydrocarbons on clays from the Oligocene Kiscell Clay Formation, Hungary
Authors: Tóth Judit 
Published: December 2009

Sorption of light hydrocarbons on clays from the Oligocene Kiscell Clay Formation, HungaryClays from Solymár (Hungary) were treated with volatile components of light hydrocarbon in order to investigate their ability to sorb these organic compounds. The clays were characterized using XRD, optical microscopy (thin sections) and CEC measurements. The contaminated samples were analyzed using ATD-GC-MS, Rock Eval and XRD. Volatilization of the fluid phase hydrocarbon was monitoring for 663 days. The quantity of volatilized hydrocarbon compounds reached 50.0-65.0% at the end of the experiment. All of the analyses indicate hydrocarbon pollution of the clay layers after the volatilization process. The gross compositions of the fluid and the sorbed phases are different; the total amount of cycloalkanes among the sorbed hydrocarbons is very low. The dominant sorbed components are toluene, xylenes, nC9, nC10, nC11 and nC7. Cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, benzene, nC12 and nC13 also occur in lower concentrations. The geochemical and XRD results indicate that adsorption onto the external surfaces of the clay minerals was the main sorption process.
Remarks on the origin of cerussite in the Upper Silesian Zn-Pb deposits, Poland
Authors: Szczerba Marek , Sawłowicz Zbigniew 
Published: December 2009

Remarks on the origin of cerussite in the Upper Silesian Zn-Pb deposits, PolandCerussite, the most important oxidized lead mineral in the Upper Silesian Zn-Pb deposits, occurs in two readily distinct types: fine-grained cerussite replacing galena in-situ and macrocrystalline cerussite filling open fractures and cavities. Microscopic observations and thermodynamic considerations lead to the conclusion that galena can be oxidized to lead carbonate directly, not necessarily through an intermediate sulphate phase. Locally present iron sulphides undergoing oxidation acidify solutions and provide ferric ions which are important oxidizing agents. In such microenvironments, anglesite can preferentially form.Cerussite and galena commonly coexist together with non-oxidized zinc sulphides. It is difficult to explain such assemblages if galvanic couplings made of these two sulphides are not considered. These couplings are only formed when these two sulphides are in direct contact. In such an assemblage, galena undergoes oxidation, mostly to cerussite, and sphalerite is passivated. When there is no direct contact between sulphides, the galvanic couplings do not exist. Galena surfaces become covered by oxidation products which inhibit further oxidation. As such a cover does not form on sphalerite, it can be easily oxidized.
Development of a radiolabeled β-human chorionic gonadotropin
Authors: Jalilian Amir , Khoshdel Mohammad , Garousi Javad , Yousefnia Hassan , Hosseini Mohammad , Rajabifar Saeed , Sardari Daryoush 
Published: December 2009

Development of a radiolabeled β-human chorionic gonadotropinβ-Human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) was successively labeled with [67Ga]-gallium chloride after conjugation with freshly prepared diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid dianhydride (ccDTPA). After solid phase purification of the radiolabeled hormone, high performance liquid chromatography showed radiochemical purity higher than 95 % under optimized conditions (specific activity = 22-23 TBq mM-1, labeling efficiency 80 %). Preliminaryin vivostudies (ID g-1, %) in male wild-type rats showed marked gonadal uptake of the tracer after 240 minutes in agreement with the biodistribution studies and reported β-hCG receptors. Target to blood ratios were 5.1 and 15.2 after 3 and 24 hours, respectively, while target to muscle ratios were 35 and 40 after 3 and 24 hours, respectively.
Chemical composition of endemic Centaurea austro-anatolica and studies of its antimicrobial activity against multi-resistant bacteria
Authors: Ugur Aysel , Sarac Nurdan , Ceylan Ozgur , Duru M. 
Published: December 2009

Chemical composition of endemicCentaurea austro-anatolicaand studies of its antimicrobial activity against multi-resistant bacteriaHexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts ofCentaurea austro-anatolicaHub.-Mor. (Asteraceae) were evaluated against microorganisms, including multiresistant bacteria, using a paper disc diffusion method. The chloroform extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity toward all bacteria tested. The chemical composition of the chloroform extract was determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds of the extract were caryophyllene oxide (21.32 %), spathulenol (10.86 %),n-tricosanol (9.58 %) and geranyl isovalerate (8.71 %).
Agarose Gel Electrophoresis - Applications in Clinical Chemistry
Authors: Giot Jean-Francois 
Published: December 2009

Agarose Gel Electrophoresis - Applications in Clinical ChemistryAgarose gel electrophoresis is a well established technique routinely used in clinical laboratories for screening protein abnormalities in various biological fluids (serum, urine, CSF). It is based on the principles of zone electrophoresis. Electrophoretograms are evaluated visually for the presence of quantitatively or qualitatively abnormal protein bands. The technique is used for electrophoresis of serum, urine, CSF proteins, enzymes (ALP, LDH and CK), lipoproteins and hemoglobin. Serum protein electrophoresis (SPE) is a very commonly used analytical method in clinical chemistry. Changes in the relative concentration of fractions allow easy recognition of pathological disorders associated with nephrotic syndrome, inflammatory reaction and hepatic diseases. SPE is a screening test for detecting the M component (MC). Immunofixation (IFE) with use of specific antisera allows detection of the type of MC. SPE is also a method for the quantification of MC and monitoring of disease that is essential for clinical evaluation and follow-up of patients with plasma cell disorders.
The Influence of Negative Beta Assets on the Empirical SML in the Polish Capital Market
Authors: Wolski Rafał 
Published: December 2009

The Influence of Negative Beta Assets on the Empirical SML in the Polish Capital MarketThe classical approach to the SML assumes that it is a straight line, which means that an investor is willing to accept lower return on the negative beta assets than on the risk-free assets. However, Cloninger, Waller, Bendeck and Revere (2004) challenged this commonly accepted approach. The author of the paper decided to verify the approach using empirical data for years 1999-2006 obtained from the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Finance theoreticians believe that the SML is linear, which means that an investor buying negative beta assets is willing to accept lower return than in the case of a risk-free asset. Cloninger et al. (2004) formulated a hypothesis stating that the SML is V-shaped and that it is not a straight line. It was concluded that an investor had no reason to accept lower return of the negative beta assets; quite the contrary, the investor would expect the same return as on the positive beta ones. The author of this article performed an investigation for the Polish market, taking advantage of companies quoted at the Warsaw Stock Exchange. The investigation demonstrated that between 1999 and 2006, the SML had a V-like shape and thus the research hypothesis formulated in the article was positively verified.
New and Little Known Species of Mites of the Genus Caesarodispus (Acari, Heterostigmata, Microdispidae) Associated with Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Ukraine
Authors: Khaustov A. 
Published: December 2009

New and Little Known Species of Mites of the GenusCaesarodispus(Acari, Heterostigmata, Microdispidae) Associated with Ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from UkraineMites of the genusCaesarodispusMahunka, 1977 of Ukraine are reviewed.Caesarodispus pusillusKhaustov, sp. n. from nest of antsCrematogaster schmidtiMayr from the Cape Martyan Nature Reserve (Crimea) is described. Type material ofCaesarodispus minutus(Sevastianov, 1981) comb. n. is redescribed.Caesarodispus modestus(Berlese, 1903) collected from antsMessor rufitarsisFabricius is redescribed based on material from Crimea.
On the Migration of Cystacanths Sphaerirostris Picae (Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchidae) in Paratenic host Lacerta Agilis, Histopathology
Authors: Krasnoshchekov G. , Lisitsyna O. 
Published: December 2009

On the Migration of CystacanthsSphaerirostris Picae(Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchidae) in Paratenic hostLacerta Agilis, HistopathologyThe penetration mechanism ofSphaerirostris picaecystacanths in intestinal wall of the paratenic hostLacerta agilisand characteristic features of inflammatory changes in host intestinal wall are examined. Inflammatory reaction is characterized by predomination of eosinophiles and comparatively small amount of neutrophiles. The reaction is much more pronounced when cystacanth is placed in parallel to the wall of intestine. Extensive edema, plethora, stases in vessels, and slight hemorrhages are observed in submucous membrane. Inflammatory infiltration is less pronounced in case of perpendicular orientation of the proboscis. The secretory glands in cystacanths were not found, secretion on the tegumental surface was not seen, as well as no morphological effect of lytic enzymes on host tissues. The penetration of host intestinal wall is shown to be mechanic, advancement of the cystacanth through the wall of intestine is due to alterations of partial evagination and invagination of the presoma in combination with contractions of the metasoma.
Parazodarion, a New Genus of the Spider Family Zodariidae (Araneae) from Asia
Authors: Ovchinnikov S. , Ahmad B. , Gurko V. 
Published: December 2009

Parazodarion, a New Genus of the Spider Family Zodariidae (Araneae) from AsiaParazodarionOvchinnikov, gen. n. is described. It is a monotypic genus with the type speciesZodarion raddeiSimon, 1889 widespread in Turkmenistan, Southern Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan previously assigned to the genusZodarionWalckenaer, 1826 recently shown to be non-monophyletic.
‘A carnival of crime on our border’: International Law, Imperial Power, and Extradition in Canada, 1865–1883
Authors: Miller Bradley 
Published: December 2009

Abstract: This paper traces the development of Canadian extradition law from the formation of a pro-extradition consensus in the 1860s to the passage of a new Canadian statute in 1877, to that act's final ratification by Britain in 1883. This process of law reform illustrates Britain's continuing legal power in Canada. Throughout the 1870s and 1880s imperial authorities suppressed, delayed, and rewrote dominion extradition law, bringing it back into line with Britain's shifting policy. But the legal ideas that Britain exported to the colonies in this period were not particularly British at all. Rather, what arrived in Canada in the 1870s was an emerging branch of international law heavily influenced by Europe – one that balanced extensive international co-operation against crime with individual civil liberties protections and safeguards for political asylum-seekers. Its origins were in post-revolutionary France, and as it spread to Britain and then the colonies it frustrated Canadian attempts to design a new extradition policy. As a result, this article illustrates the interplay between international law and imperial power in nineteenth-century Canada.
Writing Vice: Hannah Webster Foster and The Coquette
Authors: Harris Jennifer 
Published: December 2009

Abstract: This paper opens with a consideration of the ways women's virtue was judged by their innocence (real or feigned) of worldly vice. For a respectable female author, this creates a quandary: how to write convincingly about a female heroine's supposed sexual wickedness without appearing to possess knowledge of, or insight into, such things. Considering available modes of representing crime (the criminal broadside and execution sermon), the formal constraints and implications of various literary forms (the epistolary novel versus omniscient narration), and the restrictions the real-life narrative imposed, this paper argues that Hannah Webster Foster carefully navigated various literary modes and social conventions in crafting her narrative. The end result is a series of revisions and elisions that protect Foster's reputation, while also rendering the novel far more sympathetic to the heroine.
Wars for Oil:Moby-Dick,Orientalism, and Cold-War Criticism
Authors: Leroux Jean-François 
Published: December 2009

Abstract:Beginning with Edward Said's reflections on the media fall-out post 9/11, the ideological representations of which he likens to the mythical drama enacted in Moby-Dick, the article goes on to revisit the consensus achieved in Cold-War criticism of the novel in light of our awareness of the cultural construction of recent events. Specifically, the article questions the dichotomizing of the novel in terms of East and West and the critical casting of Fedallah and Ahab as scapegoats for collective guilt, drawing on the work of René Girard on the subject. In this way, it confirms the analogical justness of Said's evocation of Moby-Dick in relation to America's “collective imagination” of its relationship to the Near East and argues the book's power to re-orient and subvert that very representation by revealing both its mythical core and the collective acts of violence it seeks to conceal or sanction.