bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Nano‐Fe3O4‐Supported 1‐Benzyl‐1,4‐dihydronicotinamide (BNAH): Synthesis and Application in the Catalytic Reduction of α,β‐Epoxy Ketones.
Authors: Xu Hua‐Jian , Wan Xin , Shen Yong‐Ya , Xu Song , Feng Yi‐Si 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA variety of β‐hydroxyketones are formed in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Densely Substituted α,β,γ,δ‐Dienones via the Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Allylation, H‐Migration, and Aerobic Oxidative δ‐Hydride Elimination Cascade.
Authors: Yuan Feng‐Quan , Han Fu‐She 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe reaction tolerates a variety of functional groups and is not sensitive to steric effects in the aromatic substituents of the allylic alcohols.
ChemInform Abstract: Atom‐ and Step‐Economical Pathway to Chiral Benzobicyclo[2.2.2]octenones Through Carbon—Carbon Bond Cleavage.
Authors: Liu Lantao , Ishida Naoki , Murakami Masahiro 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe asymmetric intramolecular alkene insertion reaction of 3‐(2‐styryl)cyclobutanones is efficiently catalyzed by Ni(cod)2 in the presence of PAM.
ChemInform Abstract: Combined Oxypalladation/C—H Functionalization: Palladium(II)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Oxidative Oxyarylation of Hydroxyalkenes.
Authors: Zhu Rong , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe method allows a stereoselective access to a tricyclic furan framework which bears a broad spectrum of functionalities.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Aminobenzoxazoles Using Triflic Acid as a Cyclodesulfurizing Reagent.
Authors: Khatik Gopal L. , Dube Namita , Pal Anang , Nair Vipin A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA plausible mechanism elucidating the role of triflic acid in the desulfuration process is outlined.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient and High‐Yielding One‐Pot Synthesis of 4‐Acyl‐1,2,3‐triazoles via Triisopropylsilyl‐Protected Ynones.
Authors: Hwang Soonho , Bae Hoon , Kim Sumin , Kim Sanghee 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe regioselective formation of 4‐acyl‐triazoles involves the initial preparation of Tips‐protected ynones, followed by a AgF‐mediated Tips‐deprotection and Cu‐catalyzed Huisgen cycloaddition.
ChemInform Abstract: Trifluoroacetic Anhydride Promoted Tandem Conjugate Addition of Boronic Acids/Acetal Ring Opening.
Authors: Roscales Silvia , Csaky Aurelio G. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe conjugate addition of arylethenyl boronic acids to acetal‐containing α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl compounds leads to polysubstituted tetrahydropyran products with formation of 2 C—C bonds and up to 3 stereocenters and formation of a quaternary one.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of Sulfenyl‐Substituted Isocoumarins, Heterocycle‐Fused Pyrones and 3‐(Inden‐1‐ylidene)isobenzofuranones by FeCl3‐Promoted Regioselective Annulation of o‐(1‐Alkynyl)benzoates and o‐(1‐Alkynyl)heterocyclic Carboxylates with Disulfides.
Authors: Li Zhen , Hong Jianquan , Weng Linhong , Zhou Xigeng 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA variety of alkynylbenzoates is used as substrates.
ChemInform Abstract: DABCO‐Promoted Three‐Component Regioselective Synthesis of Functionalized Chromen‐5‐ones and Pyrano[3,2‐c]chromen‐5‐ones via Direct Annulation of α‐Oxoketene‐N,S‐arylaminoacetals under Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Singh Maya Shankar , Nandi Ganesh Chandra , Samai Subhasis 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe presented atom‐economic and high‐yielding method tolerates a wide variety of aromatic substituents.
ChemInform Abstract: Visible Light‐Induced Oxidative Coupling Reaction: Easy Access to Mannich‐Type Products.
Authors: Zhao Guolei , Yang Chao , Guo Lin , Sun Hongnan , Chen Chao , Xia Wujiong 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe functionalization of the α‐position of tetrahydroisoquinolines (I) with silyl enol ethers (II) is smoothly achieved by irradiation with blue LEDs in the presence of Ru—bipyridine catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A Hydrazine‐ and Phosgene‐Free Synthesis of Tetrazinanones, Precursors to 1,5‐Dialkyl‐6‐oxoverdazyl Radicals.
Authors: Bancerz Matthew , Youn Beom , DaCosta Matthew V. , Georges Michael K. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAn effective approach to symmetrical and unsymmetrical target compounds is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: A Synthesis of Highly Functionalized Pyrido[2,1‐d][1,2,5]triazepines.
Authors: Yavari Issa , Khalili Gholamhossein , Sadeghizadeh Fatemeh 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSequential reaction between pyridinium ylides, alkyl isocyanides and phenylhydrazines offers a novel route to title compounds of type (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: A Peculiar Transition‐Metal‐Free Cyclodimerization of Propargylic Alcohols to Vinyl Bicyclic Ketals.
Authors: Trofimov Boris A. , Schmidt Elena Yu. , Bidusenko Ivan A. , Ushakov Igor' A. , Protsuk Nadezhda I. , Zorina Nadezhda V. , Mikhaleva Albina I. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn all cases, the resulting dioxabicyclo[3.2.1]octanes (II) are formed exclusively as one diastereomer.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient and Convenient Asymmetric Hydrosilylation of Ketones Catalyzed with Zinc Schiff Base Complexes.
Authors: Liu Shuai , Peng Jiajian , Yang Hu , Bai Ying , Li Jiayun , Lai Guoqiao 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNine chiral Schiff bases are prepared from α‐amino acids and their zinc complexes are tested in the reaction of (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Selenol Esters from Diorganyl Diselenides and Acyl Chlorides under Solvent‐Free Conditions and Microwave Irradiation.
Authors: Godoi Marcelo , Ricardo Eduardo W. , Botteselle Giancarlo V. , Galetto Fabio Z. , Azeredo Juliano B. , Braga Antonio L. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe method is also successfully applied to the formation of Se‐protected organylselenides (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Flavonol Acylglycosides from Flower of Albizia julibrissin and Their Inhibitory Effects on Lipid Accumulation in 3T3‐L1 Cells.
Authors: Yahagi Tadahiro , Daikonya Akihiro , Kitanaka Susumu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractFour new flavonol acylglycosides (I) are isolated together with eighteen known compounds.
ChemInform Abstract: Monoligated Pd(0)‐Catalyzed Intramolecular ortho‐ and para‐Arylation of Phenols for the Synthesis of Aporphine Alkaloids. Synthesis of (‐)‐Lirinine (VII).
Authors: Hellal Malik , Singh Shambhavi , Cuny Gregory D. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe efficiency is enhanced by the monoligated Pd(0) complex.
ChemInform Abstract: Cardioactive C19‐Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Lateral Roots of Aconitum carmichaeli “Fu Zi”.
Authors: Liu Xiu‐Xiu , Jian Xi‐Xian , Cai Xiu‐Feng , Chao Ruo‐Bing , Chen Qiao‐Hong , Chen Dong‐Lin , Wang Xiao‐Liang , Wang Feng‐Peng 
Published: June 2012

AbstractNew aconitine‐type C19‐diterpenoid alkaloids, N‐deethylaconine (I) and beiwutinine (II), are isolated together with hypaconine, mesaconine and 14α‐hydroxyneoline.
ChemInform Abstract: Suppression of Nitric Oxide Production on LPS/IFN‐γ‐Stimulated RAW264.7 Macrophages by a Novel Catechin, Pilosanol N, from Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.
Authors: Taira Junsei , Ohmine Wakana , Ogi Takayuki , Nanbu Hitoshi , Ueda Katsuhiro 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe novel catechin pilosanol N (I) can reduce the level of NO in LPS/IFN‐γ‐stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages through a mechanism that involves both a decrease of NO production and active NO scavenging.
ChemInform Abstract: Determination of the Absolute Structure of (+)‐Akaterpin.
Authors: Hosoi Hayato , Kawai Nobuyuki , Hagiwara Hideki , Suzuki Takahiro , Nakazaki Atsuo , Takao Ken‐ichi , Umezawa Kazuo , Kobayashi Susumu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractTotal synthesis and structure of (+)‐akaterpin (I), an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol‐specific phospholipase C, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Ground State of the Quasi‐1D Correlated Electronic System BaVS3
Authors: Foury‐Leylekian Pascale , Leininger Philippe , Ilakovac Vita , Joly Yves , Bernu Sylvain , Fagot Sebastien , Pouget Jean‐Paul 
Published: June 2012

AbstractReview: 43 refs.
On the Physical Basis of Asymmetry and Homochirality
Authors: Cintas Pedro , Viedma Cristóbal 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTMirror symmetry breaking is ubiquitous in our visible universe taking place in elementary particles, atoms, and molecules. Molecular chirality is not biogenic in itself, although its detection is often considered a biosignature, a conjecture inferred from the fact that we do not know life devoid of homochirality. The question of whether there is a connection between the cosmic preference for one enantiomer, as imposed by the weak force, and the single chirality displayed on Earth is vividly debated. This article gives a glimpse on the origin of asymmetry from a cosmological perspective and on physical transformations that lead to an enantiomeric imbalance, leaving chemical reactions essentially aside. These processes are more plausible as sources of prebiotic chirality than asymmetric amplifications requiring unnatural substrates and conditions and fighting against racemization. The latter may actually be a friend, not foe, and a driving force for enantioselection. Chirality 24:894–908, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Absolute Configuration of Fusarone, a New Azaphilone from the Endophytic Fungus Fusarium sp. Isolated from Melia azedarach, and of Related Azaphilones
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Xiang , Gao Jin‐Ming , Laatsch Hartmut , Tian Jun‐Mian , Pescitelli Gennaro 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTA new azaphilone derivative, named fusarone (1), has been isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble extract of the fermentation broth of an endophytic fungus, Fusarium sp. LN‐12, isolated from the leaves of Melia azedarach Linn. The structure of the new compound was established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D‐NMR and 2D‐NMR (1H‐1H COSY, TOCSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY) experiments. The absolute configurations of fusarone (1) and of a second related azaphilone were determined by means of electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy and optical rotation calculations. Chirality 24:621–627, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anticancer Agents That Counteract Tumor Glycolysis
Authors: Granchi Carlotta , Minutolo Filippo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractCan we consider cancer to be a “metabolic disease”? Tumors are the result of a metabolic selection, forming tissues composed of heterogeneous cells that generally express an overactive metabolism as a common feature. In fact, cancer cells have increased needs for both energy and biosynthetic intermediates to support their growth and invasiveness. However, their high proliferation rate often generates regions that are insufficiently oxygenated. Therefore, their carbohydrate metabolism must rely mostly on a glycolytic process that is uncoupled from oxidative phosphorylation. This metabolic switch, also known as the Warburg effect, constitutes a fundamental adaptation of tumor cells to a relatively hostile environment, and supports the evolution of aggressive and metastatic phenotypes. As a result, tumor glycolysis may constitute an attractive target for cancer therapy. This approach has often raised concerns that antiglycolytic agents may cause serious side effects toward normal cells. The key to selective action against cancer cells can be found in their hyperbolic addiction to glycolysis, which may be exploited to generate new anticancer drugs with minimal toxicity. There is growing evidence to support many glycolytic enzymes and transporters as suitable candidate targets for cancer therapy. Herein we review some of the most relevant antiglycolytic agents that have been investigated thus far for the treatment of cancer.
Synthesis and Antifungal Activities of Glycosylated Derivatives of the Cyclic Peptide Fungicide Caspofungin
Authors: Guo Junxiang , Hu Honggang , Zhao Qingjie , Wang Ting , Zou Yan , Yu Shichong , Wu Qiuye , Guo Zhongwu 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDiseases caused by systemic fungal infections have become a significant clinical problem in recent decades. A series of glycosyl derivatives of the approved cyclic peptide antifungal drug caspofungin conjugated with β‐D‐glucopyranose, β‐D‐galactopyranose, β‐D‐xylopyranose, β‐L‐rhamnopyranose, β‐maltose and β‐lactose units were designed, synthesized, and evaluated as new potential antifungal drugs. The compounds were obtained by coupling the corresponding glycosyl amines to the free primary amino groups of caspofungin through a bifunctional glutaryl linker. In contrast to caspofungin, these glycosylated derivatives are soluble in water, but are not hygroscopic and moreover, are more stable than caspofungin under high humidity and temperature. CD studies showed that glycosylation has very little impact on the conformation of the cyclic peptide of caspofungin. In vitro antifungal tests against seven human pathogenic fungi revealed that the caspofungin–monosaccharide conjugates, but not the disaccharide conjugates, have increased antifungal activities against the majority of tested fungus species relative to caspofungin. The β‐D‐glucopyranosyl derivative 2 a showed the strongest and broadest antifungal activity, providing a lead for further studies.
Morphology of axonal projections from the high vocal center to vocal motor cortex in songbirds
Authors: Yip Zhiqi C. , Miller‐Sims Vanessa C. , Bottjer Sarah W. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractOnly birds that learn complex vocalizations have telencephalic brain regions that control vocal learning and production, including HVC (high vocal center), a cortical nucleus that encodes vocal motor output in adult songbirds. HVC projects to RA (robust nucleus of the arcopallium), a nucleus in motor cortex that in turn projects topographically onto hindbrain neurons innervating vocal muscles. Individual neurons projecting from HVC to RA (HVCRA) fire sparsely to drive RA activity during song production. To advance understanding of how individual HVC neurons encode production of learned vocalizations, we reconstructed single HVC axons innervating RA in adult male zebra finches. Individual HVCRA axons were not topographically organized within RA: 1) axon arbors of HVC cell bodies located near each other sent branches to different subregions of RA, and 2) branches of single HVC axons terminated in different locations within RA. HVCRA axons also had a simple, sparse morphology, suggesting that a single HVC neuron activates a limited population of postsynaptic RA neurons. These morphological data are consistent with previous work showing that single HVCRA neurons burst sparsely for a brief period of time during the production of a song, indicating that ensembles of HVCRA neurons fire simultaneously to drive small temporal segments of song behavior. We also examined the morphology of axons projecting from HVC to RA cup, a region surrounding RA that receives input from auditory cortex. Axons projecting to RA cup also sent some branches into RA, suggesting direct integration between the sensory and motor circuits for song control. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2742–2756, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dopamine and full‐field illumination activate D1 and D2‐D5‐type receptors in adult rat retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Ogata Genki , Stradleigh Tyler W. , Partida Gloria J. , Ishida Andrew T. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractDopamine can regulate signal generation and transmission by activating multiple receptors and signaling cascades, especially in striatum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex. Dopamine modulates an even larger variety of cellular properties in retina, yet has been reported to do so by only D1 receptor‐driven cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) increases or D2 receptor‐driven cAMP decreases. Here, we test the possibility that dopamine operates differently on retinal ganglion cells, because the ganglion cell layer binds D1 and D2 receptor ligands, and displays changes in signaling components other than cAMP under illumination that should release dopamine. In adult rat retinal ganglion cells, based on patch‐clamp recordings, Ca2+ imaging, and immunohistochemistry, we find that 1) spike firing is inhibited by dopamine and SKF 83959 (an agonist that does not activate homomeric D1 receptors or alter cAMP levels in other systems); 2) D1 and D2 receptor antagonists (SCH 23390, eticlopride, raclopride) counteract these effects; 3) these antagonists also block light‐induced rises in cAMP, light‐induced activation of Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase II, and dopamine‐induced Ca2+ influx; and 4) the Ca2+ rise is markedly reduced by removing extracellular Ca2+ and by an IP3 receptor antagonist (2‐APB). These results provide the first evidence that dopamine activates a receptor in adult mammalian retinal neurons that is distinct from classical D1 and D2 receptors, and that dopamine can activate mechanisms in addition to cAMP and cAMP‐dependent protein kinase to modulate retinal ganglion cell excitability. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:4032–4049, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Area‐specific substratification of deep layer neurons in the rat cortex
Authors: Watakabe Akiya , Hirokawa Junya , Ichinohe Noritaka , Ohsawa Sonoko , Kaneko Takeshi , Rockland Kathleen S. , Yamamori Tetsuo 
Published: June 2012

AbstractGene markers are useful tools to identify cell types for fine mapping of neuronal circuits. Here we report area‐specific sublamina structure of the rat cerebral cortex using cholecystokinin (cck) and purkinje cell protein4 (pcp4) mRNAs as the markers for excitatory neuron subtypes in layers 5 and 6. We found a segregated expression, especially pronounced in layer 6, where corticothalamic and corticocortical projecting neurons reside. To examine the relationship between gene expression and projection target, we injected retrograde tracers into several thalamic subnuclei, ventral posterior (VP), posterior (PO), mediodorsal (MD), medial and lateral geniculate nuclei (MGN and LGN); as well as into two cortical areas (M1 and V1). This combination of tracer‐in situ hybridization (ISH) experiments revealed that corticocortical neurons predominantly express cck and corticothalamic neurons predominantly express pcp4 mRNAs in all areas tested. In general, cck(+) and pcp4(+) cells occupied the upper and lower compartment of layer 6a, respectively. However, the sublaminar distribution and the relative abundance of cck(+) and pcp4(+) cells were quite distinctive across areas. For example, layer 6 of the prelimbic cortex was almost devoid of cck(+) neurons, and was occupied instead by corticothalamic pcp4(+) neurons. In the lateral areas, such as S2, there was an additional layer of cck(+) cells positioned below the pcp4(+) compartment. The claustrum, which has a tight relationship with the cortex, mostly consisted of cck(+)/pcp4(−) cells. In summary, the combination of gene markers and retrograde tracers revealed a distinct sublaminar organization, with conspicuous cross‐area variation in the arrangement and relative density of corticothalamic connections. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:3553–3573, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pattern of calbindin‐D28k and calretinin immunoreactivity in the brain ofXenopus laevisduring embryonic and larval development
Authors: Morona Ruth , González Agustín 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe present study represents a detailed spatiotemporal analysis of the localization of calbindin‐D28k (CB) and calretinin (CR) immunoreactive structures in the brain ofXenopus laevisthroughout development, conducted with the aim to correlate the onset of the immunoreactivity with the development of compartmentalization of distinct subdivisions recently identified in the brain of adult amphibians and primarily highlighted when analyzed within a segmental paradigm. CR and CB are expressed early in the brain and showed a progressively increasing expression throughout development, although transient expression in some neuronal subpopulations was also noted. Common and distinct characteristics inXenopus, as compared with reported features during development in the brain of mammals, were observed. The development of specific regions in the forebrain such as the olfactory bulbs, the components of the basal ganglia and the amygdaloid complex, the alar and basal hypothalamic regions, and the distinct diencephalic neuromeres could be analyzed on the basis of the distinct expression of CB and CR in subregions. Similarly, the compartments of the mesencephalon and the main rhombencephalic regions, including the cerebellum, were differently highlighted by their specific content in CB and CR throughout development. Our results show the usefulness of the analysis of the distribution of these proteins as a tool in neuroanatomy to interpret developmental aspects of many brain regions. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:79–108, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Postnatal development of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) receptor immunoreactivity in multiple brain stem respiratory‐related nuclei of the rat
Authors: Liu Qiuli , Wong‐Riley Margaret T.T. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractPreviously, we found a transient imbalance between suppressed excitation and enhanced inhibition in the respiratory network of the rat around postnatal days (P) 12–13, a critical period when the hypoxic ventilatory response is at its weakest. The mechanism underlying the imbalance is poorly understood. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its tyrosine protein kinase B (TrkB) receptors are known to potentiate glutamatergic and attenuate gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission, and BDNF is essential for respiratory development. We hypothesized that the excitation‐inhibition imbalance during the critical period stemmed from a reduced expression of BDNF and TrkB at that time within respiratory‐related nuclei of the brain stem. An in‐depth, semiquantitative immunohistochemical study was undertaken in seven respiratory‐related brain stem nuclei and one nonrespiratory nucleus in P0–21 rats. The results indicate that the expressions of BDNF and TrkB: 1) in the pre‐Bötzinger complex, nucleus ambiguus, commissural and ventrolateral subnuclei of solitary tract nucleus, and retrotrapezoid nucleus/parafacial respiratory group were significantly reduced at P12, but returned to P11 levels by P14; 2) in the lateral paragigantocellular nucleus and parapyramidal region were increased from P0 to P7, but were strikingly reduced at P10 and plateaued thereafter; and 3) in the nonrespiratory cuneate nucleus showed a gentle plateau throughout the first 3 postnatal weeks, with only a slight decline of BDNF expression after P11. Thus, the significant downregulation of both BDNF and TrkB in respiratory‐related nuclei during the critical period may form the basis of, or at least contribute to, the inhibitory‐excitatory imbalance within the respiratory network during this time. J. Comp. Neurol. 521:109–129, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Determination of reactive crystallization kinetics of 5‐(difluromethoxy)‐2‐mercapto‐1H‐benzimidazole in a batch crystallizer
Authors: Wang Yongli , Ma Shuyuan , Lv Xiaodong 
Published: June 2012

Abstract5‐(difluromethoxy)‐2‐mercapto‐1H‐benzimidazole (DMB) was crystallized via the reaction between sodium salt of DMB and acetic acid. In this work, we firstly measured the solubility data of DMB in binary ethanol‐water mixture at different temperatures. Then, the reactive crystallization kinetics of DMB was determined in the batch crystallizer. Based on the population balance and mass balance, the kinetics model of reactive crystallization process of DMB was established. And the nucleation rate, size‐independent crystal growth and agglomeration kernel were determined by method of classes. Finally, based on the population balance, numeric simulation was done using the above crystallization kinetics in order to verify its reliability.