bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Over 200 globular clusters in the Milky Way and still none with super-Solar metallicity
Authors: Garro E. R. , Minniti D. , Fernández-Trincado J. G. 
Published: May 2024

Context. A large number of globular clusters in the Milky Way have been studied in recent years, especially in hidden regions such as those of the Galactic bulge.
Aims. The main goal of this work is to understand what we can learn if we include these new objects into the Milky Way globular cluster (GC) system that we know today. We compiled a catalog of 37 recently discovered globular clusters. Most of them are located in the Galactic bulge, but we also included some of the GCs for comparison.
Methods. We used a range of distributions for investigating the Galactic GC system based on the metallicity, luminosity function, and age. We considered three samples. We first treated the new GC sample separately from the known and well characterized GCs. Consequently, we merged these two samples, thereby upgrading the Milky Way GC system. Furthermore, we performed a comparison between our clusters sample and the field star population.
Results. We found a double-peaked distribution for the luminosity function, which shows an elongated faint end tail. Considering the “merged” sample, the luminosity function peaks at MVup = −7.00 ± 1.3 mag and at MVup = −4.1 ± 0.48 mag. The metallicity distributions also display a bimodality trend. In this case, we compare our new sample compilation with previously published ones, finding that the distributions are in good general agreement. We also constructed the metallicity distribution for the field star sample and, by comparing it with that of the GCs, we learned that a high percentage of field stars show [Fe/H] > 0; whereas we did not detect any GCs in the same metallicity range. To understand this inconsistency, we constructed the age–metallicity diagram for both samples, noting that the old and metal-poor population (age ≥ 8 Gyr and [Fe/H] ≤ −1.0) is represented by Gcs, while the young and metal-rich population (age < 8 Gyr and [Fe/H] > −1.0) corresponds to field stars.
Conclusions. From the analysis of the GC luminosity function and metallicity distribution, we can conclude that many GCs, probably those that are very faint, have survived strong dynamical processes that are typical of the bulge regions. Moreover, we cannot exclude the possibility that some of them have been accreted during past merging events, especially the metal-poor component, whereas the metal-rich population may be related to the formation of the bulge and/or disk. Finally, the difference that we notice between the cluster and field star samples should be explored in the context of the evolutionary differences among these two stellar populations.
Prediction of mechanical properties and fatigue life of nanosilver slurry in chip interconnection
Authors: Yang Hui , Cheng Shuai 
Published: May 2024

This article investigates the failure mode and mechanism of copper pillar solder joints in temperature cycling experiments, focusing on a Cu/nano Ag/Cu solder joint structure. The hot pressing bonding condition at 300 °C with insulation for 10 s is chosen for the experiments. Based on the life test results, the thermal cycling fatigue life of the nanosilver solder joint is determined to be 2050 cycles. To gain further insights, finite element software ANSYS is employed to simulate nanosilver solder joints in flip chips, revealing the stress–strain distribution within the solder joints. The simulation utilizes the Anand viscoplastic constitutive model for the solder joint, providing a reasonable representation of the stress–strain behavior under thermal cycling load. Notably, the simulation highlights that the maximum stress and strain occur in the contact area between the solder joint and the copper column. To enhance accuracy, the calculation equation is refined using relevant experience, resulting in a prediction of the thermal fatigue life of nanosilver solder joints. This prediction aligns closely with the experimental results. The research outcomes not only contribute valuable insights into the behavior of nanosilver solder but also serve as a reference for its application in electronic packaging.
Ultraviolet electroluminescence with electrically tunable colour from epitaxial n-(0001)ZnO/p-(0001)GaN light-emitting diodes
Authors: Arora Simran , Sikdar Subhrajit , Dhar Subhabrata 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Pulsed laser deposition technique is used to grow unintentionally n-type (0001)ZnO layers with high crystalline and morphological qualities on p-type (0001)GaN/sapphire templates. Electroluminescent devices are fabricated on these p–n heterojunctions. Oxygen pressure during growth has been found to influence strongly the crystalline and defect properties of the grown layers, which affect not only the current–voltage characteristics but also the emission properties of the electroluminescent devices. It has been observed that the electroluminescence (EL) spectra have both defects related visible and band-edge related ultraviolet (UV) transition features stemming from both GaN and ZnO sides. The study reveals that UV to visible EL intensity ratio maximizes at an optimum oxygen pressure. The relative contribution of EL originating from ZnO and GaN sides can be tuned by the applied bias, as the bias can control the depletion width and hence the carrier interdiffusion across the junction. This finding thus offers a scope to electrically tune the colour of the emitted light in these devices.
Comprehensive empirical modeling of ScAlN/AlGaN/GaN ferroelectric HEMT
Authors: Pyngrope Dariskhem , Chaturvedi Nidhi , Dasgupta Sudeb , Hospodkov Alice , Majumdar Shubhankar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This correspondence introduces a concise depiction of a high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) utilizing a model that incorporates the effect of ferroelectric (FE) polarization on the empirical expression for drain current. This is accomplished by modifying the basic Shockley equation (S.E) for MESFET. The model employed in this investigation is particularly geared towards investigating the impact of the counterclockwise hysteresis effect due to the use of dielectric ScAlN on the transfer characteristics (

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), which is mainly attributed to trapping and de-trapping of charge carriers at the dielectric/semiconductor interface. Modifying the S.E. made it possible to replicate the behavior observed in experimental HEMT accurately. We reported the modified drain current empirical expressions for the ScAlN/AlGaN/GaN HEMT that considers the FE polarization. The results of this study showed good agreement between the

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characteristics obtained from the analytical and experimental data, with a root mean square deviation (RMSD) error of 0.97% and a mean squared error error of 0.94%. This analytical drain current model, presented herein for the first time, incorporates a limited number of fitting parameters. Therefore, enhancing the computational efficiency to assess the performance of FE GaN HEMTs for usage in wide-area electronics.
Material characterization of iron-based shape memory alloys for use in self-centering columns
Authors: Hong Huanpeng , Gencturk Bora , Saiidi M Saiid 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Iron-based shape memory alloys (FeSMAs) are emerging as a promising material for use in post-tensioning concrete structures to provide self-centering capabilities during a seismic event. Past experimental studies on FeSMA focused on strengthening or repairing existing structural components under gravity loading. In addition to the structural rehabilitation, FeSMA also have potential for use in self-centering columns subjected to seismic loads. However, the basic material properties, such as strength, ductility, recovery strain, actuation stress (i.e. prestress) stability, low-cycle fatigue resistance, and temperature dependence of FeSMA related to self-centering column applications have not been studied extensively to-date. To fill this knowledge gap and determine the feasibility of using FeSMA in self-centering columns, this study performed a comprehensive characterization and analysis of FeSMA both before and after actuation (i.e. thermal stimulation). The strength, ductility, energy dissipation, and recovery strain of FeSMA before actuation were tested at different temperatures from −40 °C to 50 °C. After actuation, the actuation stress, low-cycle fatigue resistance, and strain capacity of FeSMA were tested at different temperatures from −40 °C to 50 °C and prestrain levels from 4% to 30%, and under low-cycle fatigue loading with strain amplitudes from 0.5% to 1.0%. The results from this study demonstrated that FeSMA exhibit high ductility, cyclic actuation stress stability, and low-cycle fatigue resistance at temperatures from −40 °C to 50 °C. Furthermore, it was found that increasing the prestrain level can effectively increase the post-actuation strain amplitude at which the actuation stress reduces to zero. A prestrain level between 15% and 20% is recommended for application of FeSMA in self-centering columns. The research findings from this study demonstrated the feasibility of using FeSMA in self-centering columns subject to seismic loading.
Interconnectivity disrupted by fading globalization: a network approach to recent international trade developments
Authors: Silva Thiago C , Wilhelm Paulo V B , Amancio Diego R 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The post-World War II decades experienced rapid growth in international trade, but a trend of weakening globalization has been consolidating recently. We construct the international trade network (ITN) using bilateral trade (2010–2022) to assess how interconnectedness has evolved in the face of recent developments. Our analysis reveals that, while network connectivity initially improved, there has been a shift towards a negative trend since 2018, coinciding with an increasingly unfavorable environment for international trade. We also document significant changes in the roles of countries within the ITN. While the USA remains the primary hub and China solidifies its second position, key countries like Germany, France, Great Britain, and Japan have notably lost relevance, whereas nations like India and the Republic of Korea are gaining prominence. Finally, employing an econometric model, we show that countries with large economies, significant manufacturing sectors, lower inward foreign direct investment stock, and economic and geopolitical stability tend to occupy more central positions in the ITN.
Distant Dinosaurs and the Aesthetics of Remote Art
Authors: Xhignesse Michel-Antoine 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Francis Sparshott introduced the term ‘remote art’ in his 1982 presidential address to the American Society for Aesthetics. The concept has not drawn much notice since—although individual remote arts, such as palaeolithic art and the artistic practices of subaltern cultures, have enjoyed their fair share of attention from aestheticians. This paper explores what unites some artistic practices under the banner of remote art, arguing that remoteness is primarily a matter of some audience’s epistemic distance from a work’s context of creation. I introduce palaeoart—the depiction of extinct prehistoric fauna and flora, especially from the Mesozoic—as a paradigmatic case of remote art, showing that its remoteness is secured both by the deceptively rich cognitive load required for its creation and appreciation, and by its existence at the margins of the institutional artworld, which ensures that this cognitive loading is largely obscured. Too often, remote art is not just inscrutable, it is invisible to us.
Estimating occupational disease burden: a way forward
Authors: Cherrie John W , van Tongeren Martie , Kromhout Hans 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Estimates of occupational disease burden provide important information on which effective policy and regulations can be developed. However, there is no direct way that these data can be obtained, and most burden estimates are derived by merging different data from diverse sources to synthesize estimates of the number of people made ill or who have died from workplace exposures. In recent years, several research groups have published estimates of occupational health burden at national or global scales; these are not always consistent. The World Health Organisation and the International Labour Organisation have taken on the task of producing occupational disease burden estimates for several workplace agents, which we assume are to be seen as the definitive global, regional, and national data. In this commentary, we critique the WHO/ILO approach for their estimates of the non-melanoma skin cancer burden from solar ultraviolet radiation and some of their results for hazardous particulates. We provide recommendations for researchers undertaking occupational burden estimates that they should report along with their data.
Tracking the maximum power point of solar panels through direct estimation of optimum voltage with temperature
Authors: Ghribi Mohammed El Bachir , Garcia-Gutierrez Luis , Ternifi Zine Eddine Touhami , Zheng Zhixue , Bachir Ghalem , Aillerie Michel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Electricity production from photovoltaic (PV) panels is maximized when the operating point is located at the maximum power point thanks to dedicated controllers. These controllers are driven to track the maximum power by using various algorithms within distributed or centralized architectures accounting for factors such as partial irradiation and temperature changes. The effect of irradiance on the optimal panel voltage is weak or even negligible, while it is strong and quasi-linear-dependent on temperature. Based on this observation, this article introduces a straightforward method for tracking the maximum power of a PV panel by using an optimizer, focusing solely on its temperature response as an input variable. The proposed approach hinges on linearizing the relationship between panel temperature and operating voltage. This relationship enables the estimation of the maximum power point through temperature measurement alone. Thus, after determination of the linear temperature coefficient of the voltage requiring only the knowledge of two optimal voltages at different temperatures, for example from the datasheet of the panel, the power tracking involves only one temperature sensor placed on the panel alongside a voltage sensor for regulation. The principle, modelling, and validation post-panel ageing of the method are detailed in this paper. Simulation, conducted using real experimental irradiation and temperature data, attests to the effectiveness of the control. Results indicate an average effectiveness of the method of &gt;99.1% in tracking the maximum power, with the panel generating 2.33 kWh out of a possible 2.35 kWh. This performance is comparable to that of tracking devices employing more complex algorithms. The simplicity and efficiency of the method make it a promising option for maximizing the power production at low cost from PV systems in small or residential, on- or off-grid connected applications.
The prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder in outpatient dermatology clinics: a systematic review
Authors: Saade Namir , Chedraoui Celine , Mitri Marie Therese , Salameh Pascale , Said Yana , El Khoury Jinane 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric condition involving a preoccupation with physical appearance disproportionate to physical findings, which are often absent altogether. Previously published data have estimated its prevalence at approximately 11.3–11.9%, across various medical specialties. No recent systematic reviews strictly related to dermatology clinics and the prevalence of BDD have been published to the best of our knowledge.

Objectives
To gather a pooled prevalence for BDD in outpatient dermatology clinics around the world.

Methods
A literature review was completed as per PRISMA guidelines. Studies had to meet the following inclusion criteria: (i) observational studies (either prospective, cross-sectional or case-controlled), (ii) include patients aged ≥ 13 years of age; (iii) undertaken in dermatology clinics (medical, cosmetic or specialty clinics); (iv) use validated, or translations of validated screening tools, used for BDD [such as the Body Dysmorphic Disorder Questionnaire (BDDQ), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, BDDQ-Dermatology Version (DV), the Yale–Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale modified for Body Dysmorphic Disorder]; (v) report a point prevalence for BDD; and (vi) be written in either English, French or Arabic, the three languages fluently spoken by the Lebanese researchers.

Results
Twenty-one articles tackling BDD in outpatient cosmetic and general dermatology clinics were selected. Studies were graded based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale and a mean for the pooled prevalence was calculated, yielding a weighted mean prevalence of 12.5% among general dermatology patients (n = 1082) and 25.0% among cosmetic dermatology patients (n = 218). The mean prevalence of BDD among general dermatology patients is similar to previously reported numbers. For cosmetic dermatology patients, the findings are markedly higher than previously reported, which we postulate could be owing to dermatologists being at the forefront of noninvasive cosmetic procedures.

Conclusions
Given the high prevalence of BDD among dermatology patients, we highlight the importance of having a high index of suspicion for BDD and identifying it in the clinical setting and also emphasize the importance of psychiatric treatment for these patients to improve outcomes, all while avoiding unnecessary interventions.
Longitudinal comparison of dyssynchrony correction and ‘strain’ improvement by conduction system pacing: LEVEL-AT trial secondary findings
Authors: Pujol-López Margarida , Jiménez-Arjona Rafael , Garcia-Ribas Cora , Borràs Roger , Guasch Eduard , Regany-Closa Mariona , Graterol Freddy R , Niebla Mireia , Carro Esther , Roca-Luque Ivo , Guichard J Baptiste , Castel M Ángeles , Arbelo Elena , Porta-Sánchez Andreu , Brugada Josep , Sitges Marta , Tolosana José M , Doltra Adelina , Mont Lluís 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Longitudinal dyssynchrony correction and ‘strain’ improvement by comparable cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) techniques is unreported. Our purpose was to compare echocardiographic dyssynchrony correction and ‘strain’ improvement by conduction system pacing (CSP) vs. biventricular pacing (BiVP) as a marker of contractility improvement during 1-year follow-up.

Methods and results
A treatment-received analysis was performed in patients included in the LEVEL-AT trial (NCT04054895), randomized to CSP or BiVP, and evaluated at baseline (ON and OFF programming) and at 6 and 12 months (n = 69, 32% women). Analysis included intraventricular (septal flash), interventricular (difference between left and right ventricular outflow times), and atrioventricular (diastolic filling time) dyssynchrony and ‘strain’ parameters [septal rebound, global longitudinal ‘strain’ (GLS), LBBB pattern, and mechanical dispersion). Baseline left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 27.5 ± 7%, and LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) was 138 ± 77 mL, without differences between groups. Longitudinal analysis showed LVEF and LVESV improvement (P &lt; 0.001), without between-group differences. At 12-month follow-up, adjusted mean LVEF was 46% with CSP (95% CI 42.2 and 49.3%) vs. 43% with BiVP (95% CI 39.6 and 45.8%), (P = 0.31), and LVESV was 80 mL (95% CI 55.3 and 104.5 mL) vs. 100 mL (95% CI 78.7 and 121.6 mL), respectively (P = 0.66). Longitudinal analysis showed a significant improvement of all dyssynchrony parameters and GLS over time (P &lt; 0.001), without differences between groups. Baseline GLS significantly correlated with LVEF and LVESV at 12-month follow-up.

Conclusion
CSP and BiVP provided similar dyssynchrony and ‘strain’ correction over time. Baseline global longitudinal ‘strain’ predicted ventricular remodelling at 12-month follow-up.
Global longitudinal active strain energy density (GLASED): a powerful prognostic marker in a community-based cohort
Authors: Aung Nay , MacIver David H , Zhang Henggui , Chadalavada Sucharitha , Petersen Steffen E 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Identifying the imaging method that best predicts all-cause mortality, cardiovascular adverse events, and heart failure risk is crucial for tailoring optimal management. Potential prognostic markers include left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass, ejection fraction, myocardial strain, stroke work, contraction fraction, pressure–strain product, and a new measurement called global longitudinal active strain density (GLASED). This study sought to compare the utility of 23 potential LV prognostic markers of structure and contractile function in a community-based cohort.

Methods and results
The impact of cardiovascular magnetic resonance image–derived markers extracted by machine learning algorithms was compared with the future risk of adverse events in a group of 44 957 UK Biobank participants. Most markers, including the LV ejection fraction, have limited prognostic value. GLASED was significantly associated with all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events, with the largest hazard ratio, highest ranking, and differentiated risk in all three tertiles (P ≤ 0.0003).

Conclusion
GLASED predicted all-cause mortality and major cardiovascular adverse events better than conventional markers of risk and is recommended for assessing patient prognosis.
Evaluating User Experience and DNA Yield from Self-Collection Devices
Authors: Blommel Joseph H , Roforth Matthew M , Jerde Calvin R , Karsten Carley A , Bridgeman Amber R , Voss Jesse S , Boccuto Luigi , Ivankovic Diana S , Sarasua Sara M , Kipp Benjamin R , Murphy Stephen J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic emphasized an urgent need for devices used in the self-collection of biospecimens in an evolving patient care system. The mailing of biospecimen self-collection kits to patients, with samples returned via mail, provides a more convenient testing regimen, but could also impart patient sampling variabilities. User compliance with device directions is central to downstream testing of collected biospecimens and clear instructions are central to this goal.

Methods
Here, we performed an evaluation of 10 oral DNA collection devices involving either swab or saliva self-collection and analyzed ease of use and comfort level with a device, as well as DNA recovery quantity/quality and sample stability.

Results
We show that while these DNA quality/quantity metrics are comparable between devices, users prefer direct saliva collection over swab-based devices.

Conclusions
This information is useful in guiding future experiments including their use in human RNA, microbial, or viral sample collection/recovery and their use in clinical testing.