bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modified Laparoscopic Splenectomy: A Beneficial Technique for ABO‐incompatible Living Donor Renal Transplantation Candidates on Hemodialysis
Authors: Matsuoka Susumu , Uchida Kazuharu , Tominaga Yoshihiro , Uno Nobuaki , Simabukuro Syuichi , Hiramitsu Takahisa , Goto Norihiko , Sato Tetsuhiko , Nagasaka Takaharu , Watarai Yoshihiko 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAdvances in laparoscopy have enabled minimally invasive surgical treatment of splenic diseases. Even with these advances, laparoscopic splenectomy in patients on dialysis can be difficult because of tissue fragility due to the underlying renal disease. We report a safe surgical technique for laparoscopic splenectomy in patients on maintenance dialysis that is suitable for use before ABO‐incompatible living donor renal transplantation (LDRTx). Between June 1972 and December 2006, a total of 800 patients underwent LDRTx in our department, including 82 patients who underwent ABO‐incompatible LDRTx. Between April 2001 and December 2006 we performed laparoscopic splenectomy in 48 hemodialysis patients as a pretreatment before ABO‐incompatible LDRTx. Under general anesthesia the operation was performed using a new technique, referred to as the “splenic hilum lump method.” We evaluated the surgical outcomes, such as the operative time, amount of blood loss, efficacy, and complications. The mean operative time was 131.6 ± 38.4 min and mean blood loss was 126 ± 395 mL. Blood transfusion was required in three patients. All cases had satisfactory kidney function after LDRTx and none developed kidney graft failure due to acute rejection. Almost all patients could walk the day after laparoscopic splenectomy and were satisfied with the cosmetic appearance of the scar after wound healing. The surgical technique we report here can be safely performed on patients with renal failure who require caution because of tissue fragility. Laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe, effective and less invasive operative procedure as a pretreatment for ABO‐incompatible LDRTx.
Relationship Between the Dimension of Parathyroid Glands Estimated by Ultrasonography and the Hyperplastic Pattern in Patients With Renal Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Matsuoka Susumu , Tominaga Yoshihiro , Sato Tetsuhiko , Uno Nobuaki , Hiramitu Takahisa , Goto Norihiko , Nagasaka Takaharu , Uchida Kazuharu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn renal hyperparathyroidism (HPT), the parathyroid glands initially proliferate diffusely and polyclonally, and are then transformed to monoclonal nodular hyperplasia with aggressive growth potential. In this study we evaluated the relationship between the maximal dimension of parathyroid glands estimated by ultrasonography (US) and the hyperplastic pattern of parathyroid glands in patients with renal HPT. Between October 1999 and December 2006, 141 patients who underwent total parathyroidectomy (PTx) with forearm autograft in our department were enrolled in this study. In these patients 308 parathyroid glands were detected by US before PTx. The largest dimension of the gland estimated preoperatively by US was correlated closely with its measurement at surgery (R2 was 0.31, P < 0.001). The maximal dimension of diffuse hyperplastic glands was significantly smaller than that of the glands with nodular hyperplastic glands (P < 0.001). There was a strong correlation between the pattern of parathyroid hyperplasia and the glandular diameter when we defined 8 mm as the maximal diameter estimated by US as a cut‐off value. As a result of receiver operating characteristic analyses, using these criteria the US technique could predict nodular hyperplasia with a high sensitivity (78.9%) and specificity (78.7%). Parathyroid glands that are enlarged by more than 8 mm in the largest dimension estimated by US may represent glands with nodular hyperplasia.
A Case Report of the Cascade Filtration System: A Safe and Effective Method for Low‐density Lipoprotein Apheresis During Pregnancy
Authors: Ertorer Melek Eda , Guvenc Birol , Haydardedeoglu Bulent , Tekinturhan Ferda 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWomen with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) should be treated effectively during pregnancy, as elevated low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels may result in life‐threatening consequences. Hydroxymethylglutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase inhibitors are contraindicated during pregnancy, therefore LDL apheresis should be considered in the management of such pregnant cases. There are five different methods of selective LDL apheresis: heparin‐induced extracorporeal LDL precipitation, double filtration plasmapheresis, direct adsorption of lipoproteins, dextran sulfate adsorption, and LDL immunoadsorption. The cascade filtration system is another modern and effective method for the extracorporeal elimination of LDL‐C, although it is not as selective as the methods mentioned above. Herein, we present the case of a pregnant woman with heterozygous FH and extremely elevated LDL‐C levels who has been successfully treated with the cascade filtration system until delivery. As far as we can ascertain, LDL apheresis with the cascade filtration system during pregnancy has not yet been reported in the literature.
Coronary Plaque Morphology Using Virtual Histology–Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis in Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Kono Keiji , Fujii Hideki , Miyoshi Naoki , Kawamori Hiroyuki , Shite Jyunya , Hirata Ken‐ichi , Fukagawa Masafumi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMost dialysis patients have coronary artery disease at the initiation of dialysis therapy and these patients also have marked vascular calcification. Virtual histology–intravascular ultrasound (VH–IVUS) provides coronary tissue maps that are color coded by four major plaque components and facilitate the characterization of coronary plaque composition in vivo. The aim of this study was to identify coronary plaque characteristics in dialysis patients using VH–IVUS. Twenty‐three patients with coronary artery disease were included in this study. Of these, 12 patients had normal renal function or mild renal insufficiency (control group) and 11 patients were receiving maintenance dialysis therapy (hemodialysis group). We performed coronary angiography and VH–IVUS analysis on culprit lesions of all patients in the study. The result of VH–IVUS analysis showed that the hemodialysis group had a greater plaque volume, lower percentage of fibrous plaque, and higher percentage of dense calcium plaque compared with the control group. In addition, the serum phosphate levels were significantly associated with the percentage of necrotic core and dense calcium plaque in all study patients. Our findings suggest that the amount of necrotic core and dense calcium plaques increase significantly in hemodialysis patients, and that disordered mineral metabolism may be associated with coronary plaque morphology.
PRE‐RIGOR MANIPULATION OF BEEF FORESHANK ALTERS SARCOMERE LENGTH OF INDIVIDUAL CHUCK MUSCLES
Authors: CASTAÑON BELINDA I. , LAWRENCE TY E. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT Sixteen beef carcasses were harvested to determine the effect of pre‐rigor foreshank positioning on the ultimate sarcomere length and objective tenderness values of seven chuck muscles. After final inspection, the left side foreshank was positioned caudal to the point of the shoulder and secured until the completion of rigor. The right side foreshank served as the control and was allowed to hang in the normal position, cranial to the point of the shoulder. Biceps brachii, infraspinatus, pectoralis profundus, serratus ventralis, supraspinatus, teres major and triceps brachii muscles were excised from each carcass half for sarcomere length and Warner–Bratzler shear force determinations. Results indicate that sarcomere length was altered (P < 0.05) for all muscles. When the foreshank was placed in the caudal position pre‐rigor, both the serratus ventralis and triceps brachii muscles had higher (P < 0.05) shear values than when the foreshank was allowed to remain in its natural position.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSAs the beef industry continues to search for methods to add value to the chuck, these data may offer insight into a practical method to increase sarcomere length and enhance palatability and marketability of underutilized muscles.
CHANGES IN SALT EXTRACTABLE PROTEIN AND CA2+‐ATPASE ACTIVITY OF MINCE FROM SILVER CARP (HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLLITRIX) DURING FROZEN STORAGE: A KINETIC STUDY
Authors: PAN JINFENG , SHEN HUIXING , LUO YONGKANG 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT Changes in salt extractable protein (SEP) and Ca2
+
‐ATPase activity of actomyosin from washed and unwashed silver carp stored at −10 and −20C were investigated. The resultant decrease of SEP and Ca2
+
‐ATPase activity mainly occurred in the first 5 and 7 weeks, and the changes obeyed first‐order model. The kinetic models of SEP and Ca2
+
‐ATPase changes were established during frozen storage. The rate constant k of decline in SEP and Ca2+‐ATPase activity of samples stored at −10C were higher than that of samples stored at −20C; the D value of samples stored at −10C were lower than that of samples stored at −20C. Compared with washed samples, unwashed samples had a higher rate constant k and activation energies E, and a lower D value. Activation energies E of SEP were higher than E of Ca2+‐ATPase activity in all samples.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSilver carp is one of the main freshwater fish species in China. Washing is an important step for fish processing and temperature is an important factor on fish protein storage. The changes of the kinetic models of SEP and Ca2+‐ATPase during frozen storage can explain the effect of temperature and time on silver carp mince quality. These kinetic models can be used to predict the silver carp protein functional changes during frozen storage, and help to provide better methods to effectively utilize silver carp protein resource.
The Ecology and Pathobiology of Clostridium difficile Infections: An Interdisciplinary Challenge
Authors: Dubberke E. R. , Haslam D. B. , Lanzas C. , Bobo L. D. , Burnham C.‐A. D. , Gröhn Y. T. , Tarr P. I. 
Published: September 2010

Summary Clostridium difficile is a well recognized pathogen of humans and animals. Although C. difficile was first identified over 70 years ago, much remains unknown in regards to the primary source of human acquisition and its pathobiology. These deficits in our knowledge have been intensified by dramatic increases in both the frequency and severity of disease in humans over the last decade. The changes in C. difficile epidemiology might be due to the emergence of a hypervirulent stain of C. difficile, ageing of the population, altered risk of developing infection with newer medications, and/or increased exposure to C. difficile outside of hospitals. In recent years, there have been numerous reports documenting C. difficile contamination of various foods, and reports of similarities between strains that infect animals and strains that infect humans as well. The purposes of this review are to highlight the many challenges to diagnosing, treating, and preventing C. difficile infection in humans, and to stress that collaboration between human and veterinary researchers is needed to control this pathogen.
Rabies Vaccination Compliance Following Introduction of the Triennial Vaccination Interval – the Texas Experience
Authors: Rogers C. L. 
Published: September 2010

SummaryIn 2003 the Texas Board of Health approved a modification to the Texas Administrative Code that permitted pet owners to have their dogs (Canis familiaris) and cats (Felis catus) vaccinated against rabies every 3 years, provided a triennial vaccine was used. The change had been opposed by hundreds in the veterinary community, some concerned that its implementation would be followed by a decrease in rabies vaccination rates. To determine if this decrease had occurred, rabies vaccination rates for 4 years before and after migration to the 3‐year vaccination interval were examined. Data for dogs and cats, ≥4 months of age, were collected from the Texas Department of Health Rabies Incident Report database. Each animal’s record included its current rabies vaccination status. The number of animals that were currently vaccinated against rabies was tallied and the percent vaccinated was calculated. From 1999 through 2002, 46% of dogs were vaccinated against rabies. From 2004 through 2007, 56% of dogs were vaccinated against rabies. From 1999 to 2002, 18% of cats were vaccinated against rabies. From 2004 to 2007, 30% of cats were vaccinated against rabies. There has been a significant increase in the numbers of dogs (P < 0.001), and cats (P < 0.001), vaccinated against rabies since the introduction of the triennial vaccination interval. This observational study documents the positive changes in rabies vaccination rates following migration from a 1‐year to 3‐year vaccination interval.
Stimulation of Defense Reactions in
Medicago truncatula
by Antagonistic Lipopeptides from
Paenibacillus
sp. Strain B2
Authors: Selim Sameh , Negrel Jonathan , Wendehenne David , Ochatt Sergio , Gianinazzi Silvio , van Tuinen Diederik 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

With the aim of obtaining new strategies to control plant diseases, we investigated the ability of antagonistic lipopolypeptides (paenimyxin) from
Paenibacillus
sp. strain B2 to elicit hydrogen peroxide (H
2
O
2
) production and several defense-related genes in the model legume
Medicago truncatula
. For this purpose,
M. truncatula
cell suspensions were used and a pathosystem between
M. truncatula
and
Fusarium acuminatum
was established. In
M. truncatula
cell cultures, the induction of H
2
O
2
reached a maximum 20 min after elicitation with paenimyxin, whereas concentrations higher than 20 μM inhibited H
2
O
2
induction and this was correlated with a lethal effect. In plant roots incubated with different concentrations of paenimyxin for 24 h before inoculation with
F. acuminatum
, paenimyxin at a low concentration (ca. 1 μM) had a protective effect and suppressed 95% of the necrotic symptoms, whereas a concentration higher than 10 μM had an inhibitory effect on plant growth. Gene responses were quantified in
M. truncatula
by semiquantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Genes involved in the biosynthesis of phytoalexins (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase, chalcone reductase), antifungal activity (pathogenesis-related proteins, chitinase), or cell wall (invertase) were highly upregulated in roots or cells after paenimyxin treatment. The mechanisms potentially involved in plant protection are discussed.
Isolation and Physiology of Bacteria from Contaminated Subsurface Sediments
Authors: Bollmann Annette , Palumbo Anthony V. , Lewis Kim , Epstein Slava S. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

The majority of environmental microorganisms cannot be grown by traditional techniques. Here we employed, and contrasted with conventional plating, an alternative approach based on cultivation of microorganisms inside diffusion chambers incubated within natural samples, followed by subculturing in petri dishes. Using this approach, we isolated microorganisms from subsurface sediments from the Field Research Center (FRC) in Oak Ridge, TN. The sediments were acidic and highly contaminated with uranium, heavy metals, nitrate, and organic pollutants. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed clear differences between diversity of isolates obtained by the diffusion chamber approach and those obtained by conventional plating. The latter approach led to isolation of members of the
Alpha
- and
Gammaproteobacteria
,
Actinobacteria
, and
Verrucomicrobia
. Isolates obtained via the diffusion chamber approach represented the
Alpha
-,
Beta
-, and
Gammaproteobacteria
,
Actinobacteria
,
Firmicutes
, and
Bacteroidetes
. Notably, one-third of the isolates obtained by the new method were closely related to species known from previous molecular surveys conducted in the FRC area. Since the initial growth of microorganisms inside diffusion chambers occurred in the presence of the environmental stress factors, we expected the isolates we obtained to be tolerant of these factors. We investigated the physiologies of selected isolates and discovered that the majority were indeed capable of growth under low pH and/or high concentrations of heavy metals and nitrate. This indicated that in contrast to conventional isolation, the diffusion chamber-based approach leads to isolation of species that are novel, exhibit tolerance to extant environmental conditions, and match some of the species previously discovered by molecular methods.
Comparison of Rapid Quantitative PCR-Based and Conventional Culture-Based Methods for Enumeration of
Enterococcus
spp. and
Escherichia coli
in Recreational Waters
Authors: Noble Rachel T. , Blackwood A. Denene , Griffith John F. , McGee Charles D. , Weisberg Stephen B. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

Recreational water quality is currently monitored using culture-based methods that require 18 to 96 h for results. Quantitative PCR (QPCR) methods that can be completed in less than 2 h have been developed, but they could yield different results than the conventional methods. We present two studies in which samples were processed simultaneously for
Enterococcus
spp. and
Escherichia coli
using two culture-based methods (EPA method 1600 and Enterolert/Colilert-18) and QPCR. The proprietary QPCR assays targeted the 23S rRNA (
Enterococcus
spp.) and
uidA
(
E. coli
) genes and were conducted using lyophilized beads containing all reagents. In the first study, the QPCR method developers processed 54 blind samples that were inoculated with sewage or pure cultures or were ambient beach samples. The second study involved 163 samples processed by water quality personnel. The correlation between results of QPCR and EPA 1600 during the first study (
r
2
) was 0.69 for
Enterococcus
spp., which was less than that observed between the culture-based methods (
r
2
, 0.87). During the second study, the correlations were similar. No false positives occurred in either study when QPCR-based assays were used with blank samples. Levels of reproducibility measured through coefficients of variation were similar for results by
Enterococcus
QPCR and culture-based methods during both studies but were higher for
E. coli
QPCR results in the first study. Regarding the concentration at which beach management decisions are issued in the State of California, the agreement between results of
Enterococcus
QPCR and EPA method 1600 was 88%, compared to 94% agreement between EPA method 1600 and Enterolert. The beach management decision agreement between
E. coli
QPCR and Colilert-18 was 94%. The samples showing disagreement suggested an underestimation bias for QPCR.
Inactivation of
Escherichia coli
by Nanoparticulate Zerovalent Iron and Ferrous Ion
Authors: Kim Jee Yeon , Park Hee-Jin , Lee Changha , Nelson Kara L. , Sedlak David L. , Yoon Jeyong 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

The mechanism of
Escherichia coli
inactivation by nanoparticulate zerovalent iron (nZVI) and Fe(II) was investigated using reactive oxygen species (ROS) quenchers and probes, an oxidative stress assay, and microscopic observations. Disruption of cell membrane integrity and respiratory activity was observed under deaerated conditions [more disruption by nZVI than Fe(II)], and OH or Fe(IV) appears to play a role.
Cultivation of Autotrophic Ammonia-Oxidizing Archaea from Marine Sediments in Coculture with Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria
Authors: Park Byoung-Joon , Park Soo-Je , Yoon Dae-No , Schouten Stefan , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap S. , Rhee Sung-Keun 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT

The role of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in nitrogen cycling in marine sediments remains poorly characterized. In this study, we enriched and characterized AOA from marine sediments. Group I.1a crenarchaea closely related to those identified in marine sediments and “
Candidatus
Nitrosopumilus maritimus” (99.1 and 94.9% 16S rRNA and
amoA
gene sequence identities to the latter, respectively) were substantially enriched by coculture with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB). The selective enrichment of AOA over ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) is likely due to the reduced oxygen levels caused by the rapid initial growth of SOB. After biweekly transfers for ca. 20 months, archaeal cells became the dominant prokaryotes (>80%), based on quantitative PCR and fluorescence
in situ
hybridization analysis. The increase of archaeal 16S rRNA gene copy numbers was coincident with the amount of ammonia oxidized, and expression of the archaeal
amoA
gene was observed during ammonia oxidation. Bacterial
amoA
genes were not detected in the enrichment culture. The affinities of these AOA to oxygen and ammonia were substantially higher than those of AOB. [
13
C]bicarbonate incorporation and the presence and activation of genes of the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle indicated autotrophy during ammonia oxidation. In the enrichment culture, ammonium was oxidized to nitrite by the AOA and subsequently to nitrate by
Nitrospina
-like bacteria. Our experiments suggest that AOA may be important nitrifiers in low-oxygen environments, such as oxygen-minimum zones and marine sediments.
Impacts of Inter- and Intralaboratory Variations on the Reproducibility of Microbial Community Analyses
Authors: Pan Yao , Bodrossy Levente , Frenzel Peter , Hestnes Anne-Grethe , Krause Sascha , Lüke Claudia , Meima-Franke Marion , Siljanen Henri , Svenning Mette M. , Bodelier Paul L. E. 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACT
With the advent of molecular biological techniques, especially next-generation sequencing and metagenomics, the number of microbial biogeography studies is rapidly increasing. However, these studies involve the synthesis of data generated by different laboratories using different protocols, chemicals, etc., all with inherent biases. The aim of this study was to assess inter- as well as intralaboratory variations in microbial community composition when standardized protocols are applied to a single soil sample. Aliquots from a homogenized soil sample from a rice field in Italy were sent to five participating laboratories. DNA was extracted by two investigators per laboratory using an identical protocol. All DNA samples were sent to one laboratory to perform DNA quantification, quantitative PCR (QPCR), and microarray and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of methanotrophic communities. Yields, as well as purity of DNA, were significantly different between laboratories but in some cases also between investigators within the same laboratory. The differences in yield and quality of the extracted DNA were reflected in QPCR, microarray, and DGGE analysis results. Diversity indices (Shannon-Wiener, evenness, and richness) differed significantly between laboratories. The observed differences have implications for every project in which microbial communities are compared in different habitats, even if assessed within the same laboratory. To be able to make sensible comparisons leading to valid conclusions, intralaboratory variation should be assessed. Standardization of DNA extraction protocols and possible use of internal standards in interlaboratory comparisons may help in rendering a “quantifiable” bias.