bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P01-365 Safety of second-generation antipsychotics in children-questionnaire evaluation in psychiatrists
Authors: Wisniewski A. , Acewicz A. , Brewczyk K. 
Published: May 2011

Atypical antipsychotics are more safe than first generation drugs. But some researchers suggest that children and adolescents might be more sensitive than adults to developing antipsychotic-related adverse side effects. The standards of safety monitoring strategies do not exist in Poland.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate physicians awareness to side effects in youth population treated with antipsychotics.Material20 questionnaires filled up by polish child psychiatrists.MethodInformation from author's questionnaire concerns side effects observed in antipsychotics medicated children, psychiatrists own preferences in safety monitoring strategies were analyzed.ResultsAtypical antipsychotics are used in 25% of medicated children. Risperidon is the most popular antipsychotic in psychotic and non-psychotic indications (81%, 66%), afterwards olanzapine (54%, 30%) and quetiapine (34%, 24%). The most common indications for antipsychotics in children are: tics (55%), conduct disorders (53%) and schizophrenia (45%). Before drug initiation doctors check liver enzymes (GOT, GTP) (98%), hematology (98%), glucose level (95%), weight and height (91%), ECG (90%). The most common side effects observed are: weigh gain (63%), somnolence (59%), prolactin elevation (47%), attention deficits (43%).ConclusionIn spite of lack of safety monitoring standards in youth population psychiatrists seem to be aware and careful in atypical neurolpetic treatment in children.
P01-366-New treatment option in resistant schizophrenia in adolescence - case study
Authors: Wisniewski A. 
Published: May 2011

Early-onset schizophrenia has not only more severe course than in adults, it is also associated with poor response to antipsychotic treatment. There are only limited data about effectiveness, safety and tolerability of second generation antipsychotics (SGA) in children, but current recommendations suggest using atypical antipsychotics as the first line treatment.Case study15-year-old schoolboy admitted to psychiatric hospital after acute psychotic episode. His symptoms started 2 years ago. After a few months he was diagnosed schizophrenia paranoid type. During 2 years he has been hospitalized many times because of persistent psychotic symptoms. He was treated using: risperidon, olanzapine, amisulpride, quetiapine, ziprasidone, perfenazin. All the drugs were ineffective, all were used in full doses, given no shorter than 8 weeks. Patient did not cooperate in treatment - he spits out or has hide the tablets, has to be controlled during drug supplies. He did not responded to long-acting injections of risperidon. Finally the treatment has been changed to new form of olanzapine in extended release injections started 210 mg i.m. every 14 days increased to 300 mg after 2 weeks. After 2 months of treatment (5 injections) reduction of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia was observed. Patients starts to socialize, attend school. He is on the drug now, the drug is well tolerated.
P01-367-Evaluation of test anxiety in middle school students in one area of education of sanandaj city of kurdistan province of Iran, 2009
Authors: Zaheri F. , Zaheri H. , Hashemi Nasab L. , Ranaie F. 
Published: May 2011

Child and adolescences experience a wide range of anxiety during their growth that some of them result in academic and daily difficulties. Test Anxiety as one of these anxieties, is common and important phenomenon in education and have a close relation with educational and academic achievement.Because of importance of physical and mental health of these groups, this study was performed.MethodsThis descriptive study was performed with 1321 students selected from six middle schools (through random cluster) from schools in one area education of Sanandaj. For data Collection, Sarason test anxiety and demographic characters questionnaire was used.Sampling was done before end year examinationResultsIn this study, 51/9% of subjects were girls and 48/1% were boy. 29/7% of units were in first degree; 28/2% second and 42/1% in third year degree. Also, 35/4% of boys and 37/8% of girls were 14 years old. Severity of test anxiety in 20/2% was mild, 44/9% moderate and 34/9% was severe. In this research, we found statistical differences between severity of test anxiety and gender (p = /.001).DiscussionThe results showed high rate of test anxiety in middle school students. In our opinion, addition to gender effect on test anxiety levels, other factors such as stress of transition from one level to another level and access in special schools have significant role. Therefore, school coaches should attention to pathology and therapeutic methods for reducing test anxiety such as relaxation, systematic desensitization, immunization against stress and skills of reading correction in these groups.
P01-368-Premenstrual syndrome and psychiatric comorbidities
Authors: Arbabi M. , Shirmohammadi M. , Taghizadeh Z. , Haghanni H. , Parsafar H. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectivePremenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common disorder with prevalence rate of approximately 30%; its concurrence with psychiatric symptoms will make it a disabling condition that resists usual treatment.This study was enrolled to assess the co-morbidity of PMS andpsychiatric disorders in a sample of girls with PMS compared to those without PMS.MethodThis study was conducted through a cross sectional method with 362 participants (166 with PMS and 196 healthy girls) who were selected randomly and completed the demographic questionnaire, premenstrual syndrome symptom daily record scale and the symptom checklist 90-revised (SCL-90-R).ResultsAccording to the result of the independent t test, the mean score of all the psychiatric symptoms in the PMS group was significantly higher than those in healthy group (P < 0.001). According to SCL-90-R measurement, most of the participants in the PMS group were categorized as extremely sick for somatization (44%), obsessive-compulsive (59%), depression (58.4%), anxiety (64.5%), hostility (47%) and psychoticism (69.3%); most of the participants were diagnosed as having borderline severity of disorders for interpersonal sensitivity (44.6%) and paranoid (42.8%) and most of the respondents with PMS (46.4%) were diagnosed as healthy only for phobic anxiety.ConclusionThere is a considerable relationship between PMS and different psychiatric symptoms that can complicate the diagnosis of PMS and its treatment for the health care providers. Therefore, all health care providers who are in contact with women in their reproductive age should be sensitive to mental health status in women with PMS.
Coping styles among post-myocardial infarction patients with depressive symptoms
Authors: Bagherian R. , Maroufi M. , Said Zare F. , Niksirat P. 
Published: May 2011

ObjectiveAlthough the adverse impact of post-myocardial infarction (MI) depressive symptoms on prognosis of heart disease has been found, the link between coping strategies and post-MI depressive symptoms has yet been unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between coping styles and post-MI depressive symptoms.MethodsIn a cross sectional study one hundred consecutive patients following MI admitted to the CCU wards of hospitals in Isfahan were selected in respect of inclusive and exclusive criteria. The patients completed Jalowiec Coping questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and Norbeck Social Support questionnaire. Then the data was analysed by using MANCOVA and Covariance.ResultsThe findings indicated that 31% were the MI patients with depressive symptoms. The results of MANCOVA showed significant difference between two groups with and without depressive symptoms in coping styles (F = 2/185, P = 0.036). Also, the results of covariance indicated significant differences in coping styles including optimistic coping style (F = 3.754, P = 0.05) and supportant coping style (F = 6.66, P = 0.019). However, there was no significant difference in other coping styles between two groups.ConclusionThe low tendency toward optimistic and supportant coping styles seem to play an important role in experiencing depressive symptoms among post-MI patients. Lock of optimism in dealing with life events is one of equivalents to hopelessness in Attribution theory explaining depression. Investigation of relationship between religious beliefs and effective coping styles would be worthwhile.
Outpatient treatment in mental health care
Authors: Bording M.K. , Sørensen H.Ø. , Puschner B. , Munk-Jørgensen P. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThere is a lack of knowledge on outpatient treatment in mental health and its outcome. The major reason for this is that research on clinical decision making in health care has primarily focused on well-defined situations in physical conditions, while there has not been any research in clinical decision making in people with schizophrenia with its high demands on patient's treatment adherence and establishing stable therapeutic relationships.ObjectiveThis study is about clinical decision making in outpatient mental health care with specific focus on patients diagnosed with schizophrenia.Aims of the studyTo identify the types of decision making between the patient and the therapist (paternalistic, shared and informed). Moreover, to investigate the patient's understanding of the decision making, involvement and analyse type of decision making as a possible predictor of adherence to treatment.MethodsThe study is an open, explorative study using a combination of both qualitative and quantitative methods. The study population consists of severe mentally ill outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Data collection consists of both questionnaires, field observation and patient interviews.Expected resultsSpecifications of primary areas for further improvement in CDM is an expected result of the study. Recommendations will be extracted and formulated from the study data to implement elements of best practice in CDM in the routine care for people with schizophrenia in particular and severe mental illness in general. The explicit focus will contribute to the strengthening of patient perspective.
Post-stroke acute elation shortly followed by pathologic jealousy - is there a common anatomic substrate?
Authors: Coutinho B. , Pinho J. , Machado Á. 
Published: May 2011

Both mania and psychotic symptoms are well known to result from vascular brain injury, but their pathophysiology remains largely unknown.A 69-year-old man with diabetes and hypertension was seen for sudden behaviour disturbance: euphoric, talkative and uninhibited, he continuously shouted he trusted in Medicine, called the doctor the “King of Medicine”, and repeatedly said “I love doctors, I love nurses, I love Hospitals”. He was overcompliant during neurologic exploration, clearly amused with it. Left sensitive hemi-inattention and left homonymous hemianópsia could also be found. MRI showed an acute right temporo-parieto-insular cortical infarction. The following day he was euthymic and embarrassed for what happened. When visited that afternoon by his wife, she noticed he was strangely suspicious, continuously surveilling all her moves. He progressively worsened, believing she was having affairs with several men. This delusion persisted for the following months, even on risperidone 1 mg/day, culminating in Christmas Eve, when the patient shocked his family saying that his wife was having an affair with one of their sons. At this time, risperidone was discontinued and replaced by quetiapine 200 mg/day, resulting in rapid fading of all symptoms.Both post-stroke mania and psychotic symptoms have been consistently associated with right hemisphere damage, but, to our knowledge, were not previously reported after the same injury. We believe our patient provides evidence that the same anatomic dysfunction, in this case a temporoparietal infarct, can cause both psychiatric phenomena.
Applying the swedish performance assessment framework in practise: Assessment of efficiency and quality of psychiatric care
Authors: Björkenstam E. , Dahlgren C. , Lindelius B. , Ljung R. , Stefansson C.G. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundThe National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) has developed a multi-dimensional performance assessment framework for open comparisons and assessment of health care. The framework includes the dimensions effectiveness, safety, patient-centeredness, timeliness, equity and efficiency.ObjectiveTo apply the framework to the area of psychiatric care in Sweden.AimTo identify disparities in the treatment and health outcomes of psychiatric patients in order to stimulate improvements.MethodsMore than 30 process and outcome indicators were developed using nationwide health data registers and were compared among regions or between patient groups.ResultsAmong other results the study shows large disparities in somatic care between patients with and without comorbid psychiatric disease (equity), low compliance to antidepressant treatment with small regional variations (effectiveness), decreasing suicidal rates (safety), regional variations concerning timeliness of care, lack of national data to asses patient-centeredness and no obvious relationship between costs of psychiatric care and outcome (efficiency).ConclusionsThe study indicates that the quality of psychiatric care in Sweden does not differ to any great extent between regions. However, there are large disparities in somatic care between patients with and without comorbid psychiatric disease. The framework is a useful starting point for assessing psychiatric care but improved reporting to existing registers and development of new data sources, particularly related to psychiatric health care outcomes, could lead to more adequate and comprehensive assessments including all the six dimensions of the framework.
Assessment of quality of life in over-80 patients undergoing cardio-surgery: Is it feasible?
Authors: Pontoni G. , Ferrari S. , Gabbieri D. , Pedulli I. , Gambetti D. , Ghidoni I. , Rigatelli M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionCardiovascular disorders are the first cause of death among over-80 year-old patients and cardio-surgery is sometimes the one therapeutic option. No scientific assessment of Quality of Life (QoL) or other psycho-socially relevant consequences has been carried out. Aim of the study was to quantify and describe QoL on over-80 patients after cardio-surgery.MethodsStudy 1 was a one-arm cohort study on 192 subjects who underwent cardio-surgery between years 2003 and 2005 and were interviewed by phone 5 to 7 years after by means of SF-36 and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire, matching these with socio-demographics and clinical pre/post operative variables. Study 2 was a pre-post study on 21 subjects who underwent cardio-surgery in 2009-2010, who were interviewed face-to-face before the interventions and 6 months after, including assessment of anxiety and depression via the HADS.ResultsStudy 1 patients reported satisfaction with treatment in 80%, freedom from cardiac symptoms in 62% and overall well-being in 78% of cases. Study 2 patients reported statistically significant improvement of QoL (SF-36 mean total score 57.1 vs. 73.5, p = .001), clinical conditions and anxiety-depressive symptoms (p = .001 both for HADS-anxiety and HADS-depression).ConclusionsAssessment of QoL and anxiety-depressive symptoms should be included in routine evaluation of elderly surgical patients, though the present study also suggested the need for improvement of methodology of interview, being phone-calling and traditional self-assessment psychometric instruments particularly inappropriate for this patient population.
Charles bonnet syndrome (CBS): Successful treatment of visual hallucinations due to vision loss with trazodone in three cases
Authors: Hsu H.C. , Chen T.C. , Huang Y.S. , Fan W.X. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundCBS becomes more prevalent as the population ages and the number of patients with low vision increases. Clinical features of CBS have been described as complex visual hallucinations with insight due to the vision loss or visual ability decrease in patients who’re otherwise mentally normal. We describe three typical CBS patients whose visual hallucinations developed after bilateral severe visual impairment due to diabetic retinopathy. They responded well to treatment with trazodone. The effectiveness of trazodone in these patients adds to evidence implicating serotonergic pathways in the pathogenesis of visual hallucinations.Case reportThe characteristics of 3 patients and their reactions are listed in table 1.DiscussionThis is the first report describing the effectiveness of trazodone in treating typical CBS patients. It indicates that trazodone is an safer option for the treatment of CBS, especially in the elderly, diabetic population. In addition to having fewer interactions with comedications, trazodone has fewer adverse effects and relative lower body weight gain risk compared to anticonvulsants and neuroleptics. CBS is a condition that many clinicians aren’t very familiar with, yet it’s a surprisingly high prevalence rate (10%-30%) among the visually impaired. Clinicians must therefore keep in mind and ask elderly people with visual impairment whether they’ve hallucinations.
Growing up with the families of B-thalassaemia major using an accelerated longitudinal design
Authors: Khairkar P. , Malhotra S. , Marwaha R. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionIt is difficult for a single investigator to study the psychosocial changes that occur over the life span of an individual affected with a chronic illness like β-thalassaemia major. Therefore, a developmental epidemiological perspective is required to understand the chain of events and problems of psychological nature.Aim and objectivesWe aimed to construct the picture of developmental epidemiology for psychosocial aspects in families of β-thalassaemia major patients attending a tertiary care hospital in north India.MethodsThe accelerated longitudinal design was used. The sample consisted of 100 children with β-thalassaemia and their 150 parents, both groups were subdivided further so that each group represented the continuum of longitudinal course.ResultsOverall 54 per cent of children had significant psychopathology. Within the parents groups, 10 per cent had adjustment disorder, 33.3 per cent depressive disorder, and 10 per cent had anxiety disorder and 11 per cent somatoform disorder. There was significant difference only in the domain of psychological health in all the three groups of parents with respect to the quality of life. Among children, quality of life improved with their progression of illness.ConclusionsGrowing up with β-thalassaemic family was analyzed. Such a design can test the hypothesized aetiological or developmental function of a targeted risk factor within a developmental path and may be used in studying the psychological impact of even other chronic illnesses over the life span of an individual for conceptual and holistic understanding.
Childhood trauma, dissociation in patients with fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kilic O. , Taycan O. , Aksoy Poyraz C. , Erol T.C. , Tecer O. , Emul H.M. , Sar V. , Ozmen M. 
Published: May 2011

IntroductionThe contribution of childhood trauma and dissociation to the unknown pathophysiology of fibromyalgia has been the subject of considerable debate.ObjectivesTo assess and compare the relationship of childhood trauma and somatoform dissociation between patients with fibromyalgia and rheumatoid arthritis both of which are characterized by chronic pain and disability.AimsEarly life and prolonged trauma may affect brain modulatory circuitry of pain and emotions. The findings of relationship between traumatic events, dissociation and fibromyalgia can lead to a better understanding of the etiology and suggest new treatment modalities.MethodsThirty-one patients with fibromyalgia and 19 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled in the study. All participants were asked to fill in the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire and Dissociation Questionnaire.ResultsPhysical neglect score was higher in fibromyalgia group than rheumatoid arthritis group (p < 0.05) although there was no significant difference between two groups in other subscores of childhood trauma and the rest of the dissociation scores. Total trauma scores were positively correlated with dissociation scores in fibromyalgia group whereas this correlation was not seen in rheumatoid group.ConclusionsAmong childhood trauma types, physical neglect seems to have a more important role in fibromyalgia than rheumatoid arthritis. Fibromyalgia may be related to early life stress or prolonged trauma, affecting brain modulatory circuitry of pain and emotions in genetically susceptible individuals.
Correlates of depression and quality of life in patients with inflammatory arthritides
Authors: Krishnadas R. , Mallon V. , Mcinnes I. , Cavanagh J. 
Published: May 2011

Depression is a major co-morbidity in patients with inflammatory arthritides. In addition to the inflammatory processes, factors like pain, quality of life and trait emotional intelligence or the awareness on one's emotion and the ability to regulate these effectively may be associated with the presence of depression in this population.AimsThe aims of the present study were to determine the rates of depression in patients with psoriatic (PsA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) attending a tertiary referral centre, and to investigate possible factors that are associated with depression in this population.MethodsInterim data pertaining to depression (HADS), pain (British Pain Society Pain scale), quality of life (EuroQoL), physical function (HAQ-DI), inflammation (CRP) and emotional intelligence (Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire - TEIQue-SF) were analysed from data from 100 patients (50 PsA and 50 RA).ResultsUpto 30% of patients with PsA and RA were found to be depressed. Similarly, upto 25% of patients with PsA and RA fulfilled the criteria for caseness on the HADS A subscale.None of these patients were on therapeutic doses of an antidepressant. There was significant correlation between depression scores and scores on quality of life, disability and emotional intelligence. Together, they explained almost 50% of the variance in depression scores.ConclusionThe prevalence of depression is high in people with inflammatory arthritides. Disability, Quality of life and trait emotional intelligence seems to be important factors associated with inflammation and presence of depression in this population.