bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REFLEXÕES SOBRE VIOLÊNCIA DE GÊNERO A PARTIR DO FILME PRECIOSA
Authors: Vieira Érico Douglas 
Published: March 2012

Através deste trabalho de natureza teórica, fizemos uma análise do filme Preciosa descrevendo os mecanismos de poder presentes nas relações familiares. As teorias feministas de gênero demonstram a construção social dos papéis que encerram homens e mulheres em essências naturalizadas. Esta construção social de gênero fomenta a violência de gênero, termo que amplia as noções de violência doméstica e intrafamiliar. O filme demonstra que a família nem sempre é o lugar de proteção e afeto e que a relação de suporte e respeito da professora com a protagonista aumentaram as possibilidades existenciais de Preciosa. Além de questionar que a anatomia não é o destino, as teorias de gênero buscam uma transformação das relações de gênero para vínculos mais igualitários na dimensão do poder. Seriam funções políticas da ciência o questionamento dos estereótipos de gênero e a luta para que os direitos humanos não sejam violados.
ESCOLA DE TEMPO INTEGRAL: UMA REFLEXÃO SOBRE SUAS CONTRIBUIÇÕES E SEUS DESAFIOS, CONSIDERANDO A DIVERSIDADE E A INCLUSÃO.
Authors: Alves Joana D'arc Moreira 
Published: March 2012

No Brasil, o Projeto Escola Pública Integrada está sendo implantado gradativamente, com duas características principais: ampliação do tempo de permanência do educando na escola e a busca pela educação integral. Pensando em termos de uma política pública de educação, a concepção de educação integral, conforme proposta nos documentos governamentais existentes, trás consigo oportunidades complementares de formação, prometendo inovações e enriquecimento curricular, através de uma perspectiva crítico emancipadora, que possibilita aos seus sujeitos refletir e agir rumo a melhorias significativas da qualidade de vida. Pretende-se analisar neste trabalho a concepção de educação integral do mencionado Projeto Escola Pública Integrada. De acordo com esta finalidade, decidiu-se buscar, na bibliografia educacional, questões relacionadas à educação integral conforme a perspectiva pragmatista, por ser esta a primeira proposta de educação integral e, até o momento, a mais presente e influente na prática educacional brasileira. Essa concepção teórica pragmatista, de cunho liberal, que propõe a adaptação das pessoas ao sistema social em vigor, concebe a educação integral como possibilidade de formação humana, enfatizando o desenvolvimento completo, considerando as capacidades físicas, intelectuais, emocionais, sociais, obtidos neste caso, através da ampliação do tempo de permanência do aluno na escola. Os especialistas concordam que implantar a educação integral no país exige mudanças estruturais, tanto na dimensão física quanto na área administrativa e pedagógica e, consequentemente, transformação das posturas dos envolvidos neste processo educativo. É oportuno pensar nas bases histórico-metodológicas dessa forma de educação emergente, dando suporte para que novas produções teórico - práticas possam ser efetuadas, contribuindo para essa área de estudos. É neste sentido que essa reflexão sobre a escola e a educação integral não se caracteriza como uma fomentação em prol do modismo, termo tão criticado no meio educacional. Com base na pesquisa documental e bibliográfica objetivou-se refletir sobre os pontos congruentes e incongruentes que perpassam essas três instâncias: Escola de tempo integral, diversidade e formação humana e sistema vigente.
Guest Editors’ Introduction Reviving Tradition: Virtue and the Common Good
in Business and Management
Authors: Sison Alejo José G. , Hartman Edwin M. , Fontrodona Joan 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACT:Virtue ethics, the authors believe, is distinct and superior to other options because it considers, in the first place, which preferences are worth pursuing, rather than just blindly maximizing preferences, and it takes into account intuitions, emotions and experience, instead of acting solely on abstract universal principles. Moreover, virtue ethics is seen as firmly rooted in human biology and psychology, particularly in our freedom, rationality, and sociability. Work, business, and management are presented as vital areas for the development of virtues, not the least with a view to human flourishing. We conclude by introducing the articles included in this special issue.
Before Virtue: Biology, Brain, Behavior, and the “Moral Sense”
Authors: Sadler-Smith Eugene 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACT:Biological, brain, and behavioral sciences offer strong and growing support for the virtue ethics account of moral judgment and ethical behavior in business organizations. The acquisition of moral agency in business involves the recognition, refinement, and habituation through the processes of reflexion and reflection of a moral sense encapsulated in innate modules for compassion, hierarchy, reciprocity, purity, and affiliation adaptive for communal life both in ancestral and modern environments. The genetic and neural bases of morality exist independently of institutional frameworks and social structures. The latter not only shape moral behaviors within circumscribed limits, they also imply a plurality and compartmentalization of roles which may enable or impede the habituation of virtue. Becoming a virtuous agent entails the practical refinement of predispositionsin situas a member of a community of practitioners rather than entailing a normative ethical educational project seeking an intellectual resolution of abstract moral questions.
Thomas Aquinas on Justice as a Global Virtue in Business
Authors: Dierksmeier Claus , Celano Anthony 
Published: March 2012

ABSTRACT:The moral theory of Thomas Aquinas meets the present need for a business ethics that transcends the legal realm by linking the ideas of justice and virtue in an ingenious way. Thomas's virtue theory coordinates private and public activities through a set of context-invariant, justice-oriented norms with conceptual appeal to contemporary questions of global business ethics. In our article, we first sketch how Aquinas's theory can be also of relevance to a non-confessional audience through its appeal to the ‘natural light of reason.’ Then we explain how his theory of ‘natural law’ aligns his ideas of virtue and justice. From this vantage point, we address the tension between cultural diversity and moral uniformity in the economic sphere in general and in today's globalized business world in particular. Throughout the article, we aim to show how Aquinas's conception of virtuous business conduct gains inter-personal and inter-cultural validity that establishes social justice as the global virtue of business.
Transgenic HFE‐dependent induction of hepcidin in mice does not require transferrin receptor‐2
Authors: Schmidt Paul J. , Fleming Mark D. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractHereditary hemochomatosis (HH) is caused by mutations in several genes, including HFE and transferrin receptor‐2 (TFR2). Loss of either protein decreases expression of the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin by the liver, leading to inappropriately high iron uptake from the diet, and resulting in systemic iron overload. In tissue culture, overexpressed HFE and TFR2 physically interact. Hepatocellular overexpression of Hfe in vivo increases hepcidin expression, despite an associated decrease in Tfr2. On this basis, we hypothesized that Tfr2 would not be required for Hfe‐dependent up‐regulation of hepcidin. We show that hepatocellular overexpression of Hfe in Tfr2Y245X/Y245X mice leads to hepcidin induction eventuating in iron deficiency and a hypochromic, microcytic anemia. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation studies using liver lysates did not provide evidence for physical interaction between Hfe and Tfr2 in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrate that Tfr2 is not essential for Hfe‐mediated induction of hepcidin expression, supporting the possibility that TFR2 may regulate iron metabolism in an HFE‐independent manner. Am. J. Hematol. 87:588–595, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Advances in laboratory testing for thrombophilia
Authors: Johnson Nicholas V. , Khor Bernard , Van Cott Elizabeth M. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTesting for hereditary thrombophilia typically includes tests for activated protein C resistance (APC‐R) and/or factor V Leiden, protein C, protein S, antithrombin, and prothrombin G20210A. New options for these assays have become available in recent years, with different advantages and disadvantages among the currently available methods. Potential interferences for each assay type are discussed, including lupus anticoagulants, heparin, warfarin, direct thrombin inhibitors (such as argatroban, dabigatran, hirudin, or bivalirudin), rivaroxaban, factor deficiencies or elevations, factor V Leiden, and specific mutations that the assay(s) might not be able to detect. Causes of acquired deficiencies are also described, as these must be carefully excluded before diagnosing a hereditary deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin. Am. J. Hematol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pediatric, elderly, and emerging adult‐onset peaks in Burkitt's lymphoma incidence diagnosed in four continents, excluding Africa
Authors: Mbulaiteye Sam M. , Anderson William F. , Ferlay Jacques , Bhatia Kishor , Chang Cindy , Rosenberg Philip S. , Devesa Susan S. , Parkin Donald M. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBurkitt's lymphoma (BL) in the general population and immunosuppressed persons with AIDS in the United States was characterized by three age‐specific incidence peaks near 10, 40, and 70 years. We hypothesized that BL from different geographical areas may exhibit pediatric, adult, and elderly age incidence peaks. We investigated this hypothesis using data on 3,403 cases obtained from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (1963–2002). Data from Africa were sparse or incomplete, and thus were excluded. Age‐standardized rates (ASRs) and age‐specific incidence rates were calculated, supplemented with the calculations performed using age–period–cohort (APC) models. The ASR rose 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.0–5.6) per year in males and 4.6% (95% CI, 4.5–4.8) in females. The ASR increased gradually in children, steeply in adults and most rapidly in the elderly both in males and in females. Overall, BL male/female ASR ratio was 2.5, but it declined from 3.1 (95% CI, 3.0–3.3) for pediatric BL to 2.3 (95% CI, 2.2–2.4) for adult BL and 1.5 (95% CI, 1.4–1.6) for elderly BL. Age‐specific incidence peaks occurred near 10 and 70 years in all regions and periods. A peak near 40 years of age emerged in the mid‐1990s, particularly in men. Findings using APC models confirmed those based on the standard analyses. Our findings, based on the international BL cases, support our hypothesis that BL is multimodal and that BL peaks at different ages may be clues to differences in the etiology and/or biology of BL at those ages. Am. J. Hematol. 87:573–578, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of female height on reproductive success is negative in western populations, but more variable in non‐western populations
Authors: Stulp Gert , Verhulst Simon , Pollet Thomas V. , Buunk Abraham P. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjective:In this article we examine the association between female height and reproductive success in a US sample and present a review of previous studies on this association. We also outline possible biological explanations for our findings.Methods:We used data from a long‐term study of 5,326 female Wisconsin high school graduates to examine the association between female height and reproductive success. Twenty‐one samples on this association were covered by our literature review.Results:Shorter women had more children surviving to age 18 than taller women, despite increased child mortality in shorter women. Taller women had a higher age at first birth and age at first marriage and reached a higher social status, but the negative effect of height on reproductive success persisted after controlling for these variables. However, while these effects were quite consistent in Western populations, they were not consistently present in non‐Western populations. Our review also indicated that child mortality was almost universally higher among shorter women.Conclusions:We conclude that shorter women have a higher number of live births but that final reproductive success depends on the positive effect of height on child survival. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Secular trends in body composition for children and young adults: The fels longitudinal study
Authors: Sun Shumei S. , Deng Xiaoyan , Sabo Roy , Carrico Robert , Schubert Christine M. , Wan Wen , Sabo Cynthia 
Published: March 2012

AbstractObjectives:To determine secular trends by birth decade in body mass index (BMI), waist circumference/height (W/Ht), percent body fat (PBF), and fat‐free mass adjusted for height squared (FFM/Ht2) in children and adolescents aged 8–18 years.Methods:Serial data were analyzed from 628 boys and 591 girls aged 8–18 years who participated in the Fels Longitudinal Study. Subjects were stratified by birth decade from 1960 to 1999. Means and standard deviations were computed for all measurements by birth decade, age, and sex. A repeated‐measures analysis of variance was used data to ascertain secular trends separately for boys and girls.Results:Boys and girls born in the 1990s had significantly higher mean BMI, W/Ht, and PBF than did children born in previous decades. Mean FFM/Ht2 was significantly smaller in boys born in the 1990s than boys of the same age born in earlier decades. No secular trend was noted in FFM/Ht2 in girls by decade of birth.Conclusion:Our analysis of serial data collected over 4 decades confirms the secular trend in childhood BMI previously observed in successive cross‐sectional studies. Our analysis discloses significant positive secular trends in W/Ht and PBF in both boys and girls and a significant negative secular trend in FFM/Ht2 in boys over the last 4 decades of the 20th century. The secular changes presage increases in the prevalence of conditions associated with childhood and adolescent obesity—such as hypertension, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia—that may appear as early as the second decade of life. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Audiological findings in Williams syndrome: A study of 69 patients
Authors: Barozzi Stefania , Soi Daniela , Comiotto Elisabetta , Borghi Anna , Gavioli Chiara , Spreafico Emanuela , Gagliardi Chiara , Selicorni Angelo , Forti Stella , Ambrosetti Umberto , Cesarani Antonio , Brambilla Daniele 
Published: March 2012

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate, in a clinical setting, the auditory function of a group of individuals affected by Williams syndrome (WS). Sixty‐nine patients with WS, aged 2–30, underwent comprehensive audiological testing including air/bone conduction behavioral audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry and measurement of the acoustic reflex, transient evoked otoacoustic emissions and brainstem auditory evoked responses. Hearing loss, defined by a pure‐tone average above 15 dB HL, affected 22.6% of the patients studied with traditional audiometry and was mostly slight in severity. Hearing loss was conductive in 9.4% of patients, mainly children with otitis media with effusion, and sensorineural in 13.2% of patients. However, 30% of the ears studied had a hearing impairment in the high frequency range (high‐frequency pure‐tone audiometry above 15 dB HL), higher in participants above 15 years (46.15%) than in the younger ones (23.45%). Contralateral stapedial reflexes were present in all patients with A‐type tympanograms. Transient otoacoustic emissions were absent in 44% of the ears of patients with normal hearing. Brainstem auditory evoked responses fell within normal ranges thus confirming the absence of retrocochlear dysfunction. Although hearing loss does not seem to be frequent, a cochlear fragility, especially in the high frequency range, related to outer hair cells is characteristic of WS. Therefore we strongly recommend monitoring patients affected by WS using annual audiometric tests and performing otoacoustic emissions in order to identify a subclinical cochlear dysfunction which might benefit from an audiological follow up before the possible onset of hearing loss. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The safety and efficacy of intravenous ketorolac in patients undergoing primary endoscopic sinus surgery: a randomized, double‐blinded clinical trial
Authors: Moeller Carl , Pawlowski Julius , Pappas Ana L. , Fargo Keith , Welch Kevin 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground:Ketorolac (KT) is an intravenous (IV) nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) for acute, moderate pain. KT is safe, but may be linked to increased risk of post‐tonsillectomy hemorrhage. The safety and efficacy of KT following primary endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is unknown.Methods:All patients underwent primary ESS and septoplasty. Patients randomly received either IVKT 30 mg or IV fentanyl (IVF) 25 μg postprocedure. Postoperative pain was recorded at 0, 30, and 60 minutes via visual analog scale (VAS), and patients received as needed fentanyl and hydrocodone/acetaminophen for additional pain. Postoperative bleeding questionnaires were completed on postoperative days 1 and 7 (POD 1 and POD 7). Preoperative and POD 7 hemoglobin was assessed.Results:A total of 34 patients enrolled in the study over 1 year. Sixteen patients received IVKT and 18 patients received IVF. The average time of administration was 23 ± 6 minutes postprocedure. There were no significant differences in preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels between groups and bleeding assessments. There were no incidences of postoperative hemorrhage. There was no significant difference in pain VAS between the IVKT and IVF groups (3.5, 3.2, 2.1 vs 3.0, 4.4, 3.8 at 0, 30, and 60 minutes, respectively). There was no significant difference between the number of doses of supplemental analgesics for the IVKT and IVF groups (2.0 vs 3.4 doses IV; 1.0 vs 1.4 doses orally, respectively).Conclusion:In this study, IVKT was a safe analgesic in the setting of primary ESS. There was no increased risk of hemorrhage or acute blood‐loss anemia. IVKT did not appear to offer statistically significant pain control over IVF. © 2012 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Ophthalmic manifestations of paranasal sinus disease: a clinical grading system
Authors: Al Anazy Fatma H. , Al Dousary Surayie H. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground:Ophthalmic complications are common manifestations of paranasal sinus disease. We propose a clinical grading system to standardize the category, treatment, and outcome of these complications.Methods:Forty‐two patients with paranasal sinus disease–induced ophthalmic complications were included in the study. The patients were categorized according to their clinical presentation: Grade I, patients with anatomical disturbance; Grade II, patients with ophthalmic functional involvement; Grade III, patients with orbital infection; and Grade IV, patients with visual impairment.Results:The age of the patients ranged from 8 to 65 years (mean = 30 years). Overall, 36% patients had ophthalmologic manifestations with anatomical disturbance (Grade I), 26% had functional disturbance (Grade II), 26% had orbital infections (Grade III), and 12% had visual loss (Grade IV). The cause of the ophthalmic manifestations was allergic fungal sinusitis in 50%, chronic rhinosinusitis in 36%, acute sinusitis in 10%, and mucocele in 4%. The most common ophthalmic manifestation was proptosis (36%), followed by orbital infection (26%), functional involvement (26%), and visual impairment (12%). The patients underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery and medical treatment when indicated. The outcome in Grades I, II, and III was favorable; the outcome in Grade IV was not favorable.Conclusion:This simple clinical grading system provides a useful tool for assessing the overall status of ophthalmic complications of Acute and chronic paranasal sinus disease at the initial clinical assessment and for subsequent management of these complications. © 2012 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Dose quantification of topical drug delivery to the paranasal sinuses by fluorescein luminosity calculation
Authors: Bleier Benjamin S. , Preena Dhulshan , Schlosser Rodney J. , Harvey Richard J. 
Published: March 2012

AbstractBackground:Our group has previously described a novel method of objectively quantifying the temporospatial distribution of sinonasal irrigation in a nonanesthetized patient. The purpose of this study is to refine this technique to provide an accurate method of determining concentration of dose delivery as well.Methods:An endoscope at a fixed position within 2 dissected cadaveric heads was used to image 4 subsites under blue light. Each site was dosed with 3 mL of successively increasing concentrations of fluorescein‐labeled saline. In vitro images of the labeled saline were also captured over a range of depths. Images were exported into a graphics editing program that was used to calculate luminosity at 3 regions per subsite. The relationship between luminosity and fluorescein concentration was calculated using a Pearson product‐moment correlation coefficient. Significance was determined using a 2‐tailed Student t test.Results:Luminosity of the irrigation delivered to the maxillary sinus, lamina papyracea, ethmoid roof, and frontal sinus positively correlated with fluorescein concentration over a range of 0.1 to 0.01 mg/mL (n = 6; r = 0.95, p < 0.001; r = 0.94, p < 0.001; r = 0.92, p < 0.001; and r = 0.94, p < 0.001; respectively). There was no significant difference between luminosities of a 0.01 mg/mL irrigation layer subtending a range of depths up to 6.6 mm.Conclusion:The described method is capable of determining the concentration of fluorescein delivery to a mucosal surface via objective luminosity quantification. Our data suggest that this method will remain accurate regardless of the potential for heterogeneous pooling of irrigation. This method may be used to optimize delivery strategies of a variety of topical sinonasal therapies. © 2012 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Resolving Multiple Protein–Peptide Binding Events: Implication for HLA‐DQ2 Mediated Antigen Presentation in Celiac Disease
Authors: Wang Jianhao , Jin Xi , Liu Jiahui , Khosla Chaitan , Xia Jiang 
Published: March 2012

AbstractTechniques that can effectively separate protein–peptide complexes from free peptides have shown great value in major histocompatibility complex (MHC)–peptide binding studies. However, most of the available techniques are limited to measuring the binding of a single peptide to an MHC molecule. As antigen presentation in vivo involves both endogenous ligands and exogenous antigens, the deconvolution of multiple binding events necessitates the implementation of a more powerful technique. Here we show that capillary electrophoresis coupled to fluorescence detection (CE–FL) can resolve multiple MHC–peptide binding events owing to its superior resolution and the ability to simultaneously monitor multiple emission channels. We utilized CE–FL to investigate competition and displacement of endogenous peptides by an immunogenic gluten peptide for binding to HLA‐DQ2. Remarkably, this immunogenic peptide could displace CLIP peptides from the DQ2 binding site at neutral but not acidic pH. This unusual ability of the gluten peptide supports a direct loading mechanism of antigen presentation in extracellular environment, a property that could explain the antigenicity of dietary gluten in celiac disease.