bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conceptualising “the more-than-migrant child”
Authors: Arndt Sonja , Smith Kylie , Yelland Nicola 
Published: May 2024

PurposeUsing a feminist, post-structural and posthuman theoretical framing the paper argues for elevating the complexity of conceptions of migrant children’s engagements with and contributions to their own lives.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper responds to contemporary concerns with research involving migrant children and childhoods in an Australian context. With researchers and teachers’ attention being drawn to enhancing the cultural wellbeing, identity and belonging of young children, it asks: who is “the migrant child”? In our response to this question, we disrupt expectations of simplistic, homogeneous views of children of migrant families or backgrounds, including confronting notions such as vulnerability, neediness and deficit.FindingsPotential ways in which “the migrant child” is implicated by diverse social, environmental and political factors underlie the many ways in which children might exercise their autonomy and participation. In Australia, contemporary migration remains clouded by such policies as the only relatively recently overturned “White Australia” policy and so-called “boat turnbacks”, whilst, and especially in post-Covid times, Australian society simultaneously depends on migrant workers in many areas of employment. At the same time, Australia seems to openly celebrate what is seen as “successful” multiculturalism.Originality/valueThese multiple perspectives offer a deeply concerning social and policy environment for researchers and educationalists. It is in this context that we raise questions and speculate towards potential conceptualisations of “the migrant child” which recognise, rather than negate, the powers and insights arising from the child’s experiential, relational and deeply entangled onto-epistemological perspective/s.
Effect of printing parameters on impact energy absorption of additively manufactured hierarchical structures
Authors: Irez Alaeddin Burak , Bilgen Bagci Merve 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This study aims to examine how the thickness of layers and printing speed impact the energy absorption capacity of honeycomb structures through drop-weight experiments. In addition, the effect of printing orientation on the resulting microstructure and mechanical performance was targeted to be examined.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, after manufacturing test specimens using fused deposition modeling technique with three distinct layer thicknesses (0.16 mm, 0.20 mm and 0.28 mm) and printing speeds (40 mm/min, 50 mm/min and 70 mm/min), drop weight tests were carried out. Then to see the effect of printing orientation on mechanical performance, three-point-bending tests were performed and damage mechanisms were comparatively examined through scanning electron microscopy.

Findings
An increase in layer thickness from 0.16 mm to 0.28 mm resulted in a notable 37% decrease in the impact resistance of the printed part. In addition, increasing the printing speed from 50 to 70 mm/min reduced the energy absorption capacity of the printed part by approximately 36.5%. Moreover, in terms of printing direction, transversely printed specimens showed 10% lower flexural strength than longitudinally printed specimens. Finally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation showed that internal defects were more prominent in transversely printed specimens, resulting in premature failure. Furthermore, delamination was also detected in transversely printed specimens as another damage mechanism accelerating material failure.

Originality/value
It is seen that the effect of printing parameters on the fundamental mechanical properties including tensile strength, strain at break, ductility and elastic modulus were studied by various researchers. However, to the best of authors’ knowledge, the effect of printing speed and layer thickness on the energy absorption of polylactic acid based hexagonal honeycomb was not encountered. In addition, in-depth SEM analysis to discover the influence of printing direction significantly contributes to the literature.
Is it possible to reconcile the economic and social objectives of companies? A critical perspective
Authors: Katona Klára 
Published: May 2024

Purpose
This paper aims to examine whether reconciling profit maximization and social welfare as two possible aspirations of company is feasible.

Design/methodology/approach
The possible corporate goals are presented by drawing an arc from purely profit-maximizing organizations via a combination of profit and social objectives to organizations clearly serving social utility. In addition to this sorting principle, the order of the different positions presented also takes into account the number of goals and goal-setters.

Findings
The primary finding of the study is that none of the business concepts discussed here met the initial expectations as for economic and social objectives. The study points to the need to redefine the purpose of business within a broader social science framework.

Research limitations/implications
For a critical perspective, this paper considers only those standpoints that emphasize a certain form of social utility beyond profitability resulting from business activity directly or indirectly.

Originality/value
In addition to revealing the relationship between the two aspirations, the novelty of the paper lies in the attempt to explore through normative critique and empirical evidence the validity of the expectations regarding the goals.
Government innovation management: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Aladwan Shaker A. , Alrababah Aseel 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThis paper aims to identifying challenges faced by innovation in the public sector of Jordan.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative method was adopted for achieving the study objective with the undertaking of thematic analysis upon the answers of respondents in relation to the challenges for innovation within the public sector of Jordan. There were 25 semi-structured interviews conducted with organizational development managers, innovation assessors working within the public sector and other experts.FindingsThe aspect of the government innovation concept that is most important is the creation of added value, and also that innovation is a process that is individual rather than one that is institutional. Leaders or managers and the employees are considered as primary sources for the innovation in government. On the basis of the analysis of the data within the study, it was concluded that the challenges faced by innovation management within the public sector of Jordan can be considered as being a lack of a culture that is supportive of innovation, a lack of vision for innovation, a lack of institutionalization, a lack of an innovation plan at the national level, a general lack of awareness, the bureaucracy and the rigidity of the organizational structures, the excessive routine, the lack of rewards and incentives, the lack of training, the lack of financial resources and, finally, the silo effect. Several recommendations are provided by the study for improving the reality for government innovation including the building of organizational culture for supporting innovation, the activation of open communication, the development and training of employees and the provision of proper incentives for them.Originality/valueA conceptual model has been put forward by the study that may be employed in the assessment of challenges faced by managers when seeking to implement innovation management within institutions in the public sector. The study can also benefit both decision makers and practitioners and the makers of public policy within the public administration of Jordan, especially in relation to government innovation through the identification of all the challenges faced by innovation management in Jordanian public sector, and the provision of useful strategies and mechanisms that can help in the mitigation of those challenges and the improvement of innovation management levels in Jordanian government. Further, the study results can act as a catalyst for the issuing of annual innovation reports within the government sector of Jordan.
CRISPR‐Cas9‐mediated host signal reduction for 18S metabarcoding of host‐associated eukaryotes
Authors: Owens Leah A. , Thurber Mary I. , Goldberg Tony L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMetabarcoding‐based methods for identification of host‐associated eukaryotes have the potential to revolutionize parasitology and microbial ecology, yet significant technical challenges remain. In particular, highly abundant host reads can mask the presence of less‐abundant target organisms, especially for sample types rich in host DNA (e.g., blood and tissues). Here, we present a new CRISPR‐Cas9‐mediated approach designed to reduce host signal by selective amplicon digestion, thus enriching clinical samples for eukaryotic endosymbiont sequences during metabarcoding. Our method achieves a nearly 76% increased efficiency in host signal reduction compared with no treatment and a nearly 60% increased efficiency in host signal reduction compared with the most commonly used published method. Furthermore, the application of our method to clinical samples allows for the detection of parasite infections that would otherwise have been missed.
Opportunistic smoking cessation interventions for people accessing financial support settings: A scoping review
Authors: Doody Paul , Parkhouse Thomas , Gao Min , Haasova Simona , Livingstone‐Banks Jonathan , Cheeseman Hazel , Aveyard Paul , Lindson Nicola 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimThe aim of this work was to systematically scope the evidence on opportunistic tobacco smoking cessation interventions for people accessing financial support settings.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group specialized register to 21 March 2023. We duplicate screened 20% of titles/abstracts and all full texts. We included primary studies investigating smoking cessation interventions delivered opportunistically to people who smoked tobacco, within settings offering support for problems caused by financial hardship, for example homeless support services, social housing and food banks. Data were charted by one reviewer, checked by another and narratively synthesized.ResultsWe included 25 studies conducted in a range of financial support settings using qualitative (e.g. interviews and focus groups) and quantitative (e.g. randomized controlled trials, surveys and single arm intervention studies) methodologies. Evidence on the acceptability and feasibility of opportunistic smoking cessation advice was investigated among both clients and providers. Approximately 90% of service providers supported such interventions; however, lack of resources, staff training and a belief that tobacco smoking reduced illicit substance use were perceived barriers. Clients welcomed being asked about smoking and offered assistance to quit and expressed interest in interventions including the provision of nicotine replacement therapy, e‐cigarettes and incentives to quit smoking. Six studies investigated the comparative effectiveness of opportunistic smoking cessation interventions on quitting success, with five comparing more to less intensive interventions, with mixed results.ConclusionsMost studies investigating opportunistic smoking cessation interventions in financial support settings have not measured their effectiveness. Where they have, settings, populations, interventions and findings have varied. There is more evidence investigating acceptability, with promising results.
Eligibility for the medical therapy among men with non‐obstructive azoospermia—Findings from a multi‐centric cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pozzi Edoardo , Venigalla Greeshma , Raymo Adele , Ila Vishal , Achermann Arnold P. P. , Esteves Sandro C. , Salonia Andrea , Ramasamy Ranjith 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundExisting literature does not provide accurate epidemiological data regarding the true prevalence of men with non‐obstructive azoospermia (NOA) who would be eligible for hormonal optimization therapy, according to specific pre‐treatment criteria.ObjectivesTo investigate the characteristics of those men with NOA who would qualify for the medical therapy prior to any SR procedure in a large multi‐centric cross‐sectional study.Materials and methodsComplete data from 1644 NOA patients seeking medical help for primary infertility at three tertiary referral centers from USA, Brazil, and Italy were analyzed. Baseline serum hormone levels were collected for all patients. NOA was confirmed after two consecutive semen analyses. Genetic tests, including karyotype analysis and Y microdeletions, were performed on all patients. Patients with secondary hypogonadism (total testosterone (T) levels less than 300 ng/dL and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels less than 8 mIU/mL) were earmarked as potential candidates for receiving clomiphene citrate (CC) and/or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). Patients with a T to 17β‐estradiol (E2) ratio < 10 were classified as eligible for aromatase inhibitors (AIs) therapy (e.g., anastrazole). A third sub‐cohort was created by combining the criteria of the first two sub‐cohorts. Descriptive statistics was used to detail overall characteristics and differences between the different sub‐cohorts.ResultsAmong the 1,644 men, 28% (n = 460) had T < 300 ng/dL and LH < 8 mIU/mL, thereby being potentially suitable for CC and/or hCG, while 37% (n = 607) had a T to E2 ratio < 10 thus potentially suitable for AIs. Lastly, 17.7% (n = 280) met the criteria for potential eligibility for both CC and/or hCG and AIs.ConclusionsFindings from this multicentric cross‐sectional study reveal that about 30% of men with NOA were eligible for hormonal treatment with CC and/or hCG while 37% were found to be potential candidates for AIs, and 17% for both therapies. Therefore, these findings show that a only a small subset of NOA patients can benefit from medical therapy prior to considering any SR procedures.
Autologous bone harvested during implant bed preparation: A randomized clinical trial comparing high‐speed drilling with irrigation versus low‐speed drilling without irrigation
Authors: Bernabeu‐Mira Juan Carlos , Peñarrocha‐Diago Miguel , Canullo Luigi , Camacho‐Alonso Fabio , Cortes Arthur Rodriguez Gonzalez , Peñarrocha‐Oltra David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo compare collected bone weight and the frequency of autologous bone harvesting from the flutes of surgical drills used for implant bed preparation using two different drilling techniques. A comparative evaluation of radiographic bone density and bone quality was also made.Materials and MethodsA randomized clinical trial was made of 66 dental implants in patients with a single posterior edentulous site. The compared drilling techniques were high‐speed drilling with irrigation (control group) and low‐speed drilling without irrigation (test group). The bone collected in both groups was dried and weighed with a precise electronic balance. The frequency of harvesting was calculated. The median radiographic bone density of each implant site was measured using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) pixel values. Patient sex, age, implant position and dimensions, as well as the last drill diameter were analyzed as independent variables. The level of significance was 5%.ResultsThe harvesting of bone chips from drill flutes proved possible in 51.5% of the procedures in the control group and in 100% in the test group (p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant differences in bone weight between the control group (6.7 ± 10.6 mg) and the test group (41.9 ± 30.3 mg) (p < 0.001). The CBCT pixel values were directly correlated with the collected bone weight in both groups. The median radiographic bone density, arch and last drill diameter were significantly associated with harvesting bone frequency and collected bone weight (p < 0.05).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that the frequency and weight of autologous bone harvested from drills are greater with low‐speed drilling without irrigation than with high‐speed drilling with irrigation. Radiographic bone density, arch and last drill diameter also significantly influenced the harvesting outcomes.
Co‐opted Independent Directors and Firms' Environmental Performance
Authors: Saeed Asif , Sarang Aitzaz Ahsan Alias , Rind Asad Ali 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTResearch Question/IssueConsidering escalating environmental concerns and the important role of board members in shaping strategic corporate decisions, we investigate the relationship between co‐opted independent directors and firms' environmental performance.Research Findings/InsightsExamining US firms from 2002 to 2018, we document a significant negative relationship between co‐opted independent directors and firm environmental performance. Our findings show that while institutional ownership and CEO power exacerbate the negative association, strong corporate governance mitigates this negative impact of co‐opted independent directors on environmental performance. The cross‐sectional results show that the relationship is pronounced in firms with young CEOs, male CEOs, and low CEO compensation. Further, the relationship is also prevalent in boards with fewer meetings, high multiple directors, and higher compensation, indicating a monitoring compromise by independent co‐opted directors.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsReasonable theoretical arguments are drawn from agency theory and the theory of friendly boards, and our statistical analysis supports the academic position of the theory of friendly boards. The negative effect of independent co‐opted directors on firm environmental performance challenges the role of independent directors in addressing agency issues in environmental efforts, hinting at a departure from conventional agency theory expectations.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsTo improve environmental performance, firms should reconsider their board structures, acknowledging the potential drawbacks of co‐opted independent directors. Our findings challenge the Sarbanes–Oxley Act's (SOX) emphasis on increasing the number of outside directors, which assumes independent board members will rigorously oversee executives. Such legislation is greatly based on the premise that independent board members strictly monitor executives. However, our findings indicate that not all independent directors are strict monitors, as demonstrated by lower environmental performance when there are more co‐opted independent directors.
Pyroptotic macrophages induce disruption of glutamate metabolism in periodontal ligament stem cells contributing to their compromised osteogenic potential
Authors: Sun Li‐Juan , Qu Hong‐Lei , He Xiao‐Tao , Tian Bei‐Min , Wu Rui‐Xin , Yin Yuan , Zou Jie‐Kang , Sun Hai‐Hua , Li Xuan , Chen Fa‐Ming 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMacrophage pyroptosis is of key importance to host defence against pathogen infections and may participate in the progression and recovery of periodontitis. However, the role of pyroptotic macrophages in regulating periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), the main cell source for periodontium renewal, remains unclear. First, we found that macrophage pyroptosis were enriched in gingiva tissues from periodontitis patients compared with those of healthy people through immunofluorescence. Then the effects of pyroptotic macrophages on the PDLSC osteogenic differentiation were investigated in a conditioned medium (CM)‐based coculture system in vitro. CM derived from pyroptotic macrophages inhibited the osteogenic differentiation‐related gene and protein levels, ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation of PDLSCs. The osteogenic inhibition of CM was alleviated when pyroptosis was inhibited by VX765. Further, untargeted metabolomics showed that glutamate limitation may be the underlying mechanism. However, exogenous glutamate supplementation aggravated the CM‐inhibited osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Moreover, CM increased extracellular glutamate and decreased intracellular glutamate levels of PDLSCs, and enhanced the gene and protein expression levels of system xc− (a cystine/glutamate antiporter). After adding cystine to CM‐based incubation, the compromised osteogenic potency of PDLSCs was rescued. Our data suggest that macrophage pyroptosis is related to the inflammatory lesions of periodontitis. Either pharmacological inhibition of macrophage pyroptosis or nutritional supplements to PDLSCs, can rescue the compromised osteogenic potency caused by pyroptotic macrophages.
‘We didn't cause the opioid epidemic’: The experiences of Australians prescribed opioids for chronic non‐cancer pain at a time of increasing restrictions
Authors: Hopkins Ria E. , Campbell Gabrielle , Degenhardt Louisa , Gisev Natasa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionMany countries have implemented strategies to reduce opioid‐related harms, including policies and prescribing restrictions. This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of Australians prescribed opioids for chronic non‐cancer pain (CNCP) in the context of increasing restrictions for accessing opioids.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with 14 Australians (aged 24–65‐years; 10 female/4 male) self‐reporting regular use of prescribed opioids for CNCP. Participants were asked to describe their experiences using prescribed opioids, and perceived and actual changes in pain management including access to treatments. Using thematic analysis, four dominant themes were identified.ResultsIn ‘On them for a reason’: Opioids as a last resort, participants described the role of opioids as an important tool for pain management following unsuccessful treatment using other strategies. In ‘You're problematic’: Deepening stigma, participants described how increased attention and restrictions led to increasing stigma of opioid use and CNCP. In ‘We didn't cause the opioid epidemic’: Perceiving and redirecting blame, participants described feeling unfairly blamed for public health problems and an ‘opioid epidemic’ they described as ‘imported’ from America, drawing distinctions between legitimate and illegitimate opioid use. Finally, in ‘Where do we go from here?’: Fearing the future, participants described anticipating further restrictions and associating these with increased pain and disability.Discussion and ConclusionsThe experience of being prescribed opioids for CNCP in Australia in the context of increasing restrictions was characterised by stigma, blame and fear. There is a need to ensure people prescribed opioids for pain are considered when designing measures to reduce opioid‐related harms.