bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A7 “Near miss” poisonings: a national picture
Authors: Thomas G , Snooks H 
Published: October 2011

IntroductionNon-fatal poisoning is one of the commonest reasons for general hospital admission in the UK. We know that following an episode of non-fatal poisoning people are at increased risk of suffering a fatal overdose within a short time period. Little is known about clinical, demographic and geographical epidemiology of non-fatal poisonings. In this paper we present findings from a national “snapshot” observational study of 999 calls and attendances for non-fatal poisonings in Wales.AimsIn order to better understand the clinical epidemiology of and information related to non-fatal poisonings we describe, at national level:information pathway for the identification and retrieval of data about non-fatal poisonings attended by emergency ambulance crewspatterns of presentation of non-fatal poisonings for which 999 calls are madeMethodsObservational data related to non-fatal poisonings in Wales were retrospectively collected for the period December 2007–February 2008 from:ambulance call centre records (dispatch codes)Patient Clinical Records (PCR) completed by attending ambulance crews.Cases identified through dispatch data were matched with PCR data; clinical and demographic data were obtained from the PCRs.ResultsA total of 92 331 999 calls were made during the study period of which 3923 were coded in the 999 call centre as overdose/poisoning (4.2%). During the same period 1827 PCR forms categorised as overdose by attending ambulance staff were identified through a manual process. 1287 of these matched with calls identified from call centre data (26.18%). Of the calls categorised by crews as overdose [Paracetamol (23.9%, 438/1827), antidepressants (15.5%, 285/1827) and benzodiazepines (14.4%, 264/1827)] were the most frequently taken drugs. Over half (1072/1827) had taken more than one substance, although this was not spread evenly among the drug groups. The mean age of cases was 34 years (SD 15.4) and cases were predominantly female (54.24%, 991/1827). Incidents were spread across Wales with concentrations in industrial urban south Wales, particularly of heroin overdoses. Cardiff: (16.5%, 302/1827) poisonings, (17.2%, 16/93) heroin poisonings; Swansea: (15.4%, 281/1827) poisonings, (25.8%, 24/93) heroin poisonings.ConclusionWe have reported new data related to patterns of presentation of non-fatal poisoning, allowing improvements in the management of this patient group. However, current 999 clinical and management information systems do not allow routine identification of these cases, limiting ability to monitor impact of changes in care provided.
A8 Trauma systems: the anticipated impact of trauma divert in the North East
Authors: Moy R , Denning J , Han K 
Published: October 2011

IntroductionThe advent of the new Trauma Network system will drive significant changes in the transport of trauma patients. We aimed to find out what the impact of the new trauma network would be on the two prospective trauma centres in the Northern region, in terms of increased workload. This could allow the centres to gain additional resources to provide care for these patients.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective audit of all trauma patients conveyed by North East Ambulance service during the month of October 2009. These patients were then assessed by the London Ambulance Service Trauma Divert Criteria. Any patients who would have bypassed their local hospital, and been taken to the nearest trauma centre were identified. Also identified were any patients at risk of airway compromise, who would have been transported to the nearest ED for stabilisation and secondary transfer. Patients transported by air ambulance were excluded, as they are already taken to the Trauma Centres.Results3500 patients were identified during the initial search. Of these, 70 met the criteria for bypass, although 16 were transported to trauma centres as the nearest hospitals. 54 were transported to their nearest hospital, although under the criteria used, would have been taken to a trauma centre. 8 met the criteria for transfer to the nearest hospital, for airway protection. Based on geography of receiving hospital, we estimate that an additional 17 patients would have gone to James Cook University Hospital, and 29 to Newcastle General Hospital.ConclusionWe conclude that introduction of the bypass guidelines would lead to an additional 46 patients being taken to a trauma centre in that month. This suggests that specific arrangements may need to be made to deal with the extra workload, and further investment may be required.
Óriás gátori fibrolipoma mint ritka gátori daganat műtéti eltávolítása
Authors: Németh Tibor , Géczi Tibor , Tiszlavicz László , Wolfárd Antal , Lázár György , Furák József 
Published: October 2011

Absztrakt
A szerzők bemutatják a gátorban ritkán előforduló óriási fibrolipoma kezelésének diagnosztikai és terápiás lépéseit, illetve a műtét utáni időszak eseményeit. 54 éves férfi betegnél a műtét előtt liposarcomának diagnosztizált tumort az 5200 g-os súly és a 42×35×23 cm-es méret ellenére sikerült kiterjesztett posterolateralis thoracotomiából in toto eltávolítani. A tüdő tartós kompressziója miatt az első műtétet követően tüdőtágulási zavart észleltünk, a tüdő teljes kitágulását ismételt műtéttel tudtuk elérni. A végleges szövettan primer gátori fibrolipoma lett. Kontroll-mellkasröntgenfelvételeken a gátor eltolódása fokozatosan megszűnt, és a beteg panaszai jelentős mértékben csökkentek. A 12. műtét utáni napon otthonába bocsátottuk.
Les distributeurs à la conquête de la légitimité territoriale : le cas Carrefour
Authors: Beylier René Pierre , Messeghem Karim , Fort Fatiha 
Published: October 2011

Résumé Au-delà des objectifs marketing généralement associés à la création d’une marque (en termes d’image, de fidélisation, de marges...), les MDD terroir participent à la construction d’une certaine légitimité perçue des distributeurs. Le concept de la MDD terroir est simple : il s’agit de regrouper sous une marque MDD ombrelle plusieurs spécialités régionales répondant à un cahier des charges relativement strict basé sur la culture, la tradition et le savoir-faire des PME. Chaque distributeur choisit dans un terroir donné une PME qui se chargera de fabriquer le produit. Le réseau de PME ainsi créé est composé d’entreprises dont la légitimité territoriale est bien construite. La MDD terroir peut ainsi être considérée comme un facteur de transmission de la légitimité territoriale des PME vers le distributeur. Ce papier mobilise l’approche néo-institutionnelle, pour étudier l’effet des MDD terroir sur le processus de légitimité des distributeurs. La quête de reconnaissance par la société est appréhendée à travers la notion de légitimité territoriale. Notre réflexion s’appuie sur une étude de cas de la marque Reflets de France du groupe Carrefour. Les résultats d’une étude quantitative auprès de 196 consommateurs, valident l’image terroir des produits Reflets de France et mettent en évidence les liens positifs entre attitude envers la marque Reflets de France et la légitimité perçue de l’enseigne.
Pilot Study Using Hair Nicotine Feedback to Reduce Latino Children's Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure
Authors: Woodruff Susan I. , Conway Terry L. , Elder John P. , Hovell Melbourne F. 
Published: October 2011

Purpose. This was a pilot study to assess the usability and impact of a feedback-based environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) reduction approach for Latino families. Design. A one-group, pre-post design was used. Methods. Information from hair samples from children analyzed for nicotine was used to create three feedback versions presented in a counterbalanced fashion. The intervention was conducted by a promotora in the participants' homes, with mailed materials and over the phone. Fifty Latino parent-child pairs were recruited. Parents were Spanish-speaking smoking adults (typically the mother) who reported exposing their children to ETS. Intervention efforts included home visits to provide nicotine feedback and counseling, two mailers presenting alternative versions of the feedback, and a supportive telephone call delivered over a 6-week period. Pre-post assessments conducted by a bicultural measurement technician measured parent reports of children's ETS exposure and children's hair nicotine. Parents' liking/usability of the three feedback formats was measured at the post-assessment. Paired t-tests assessed pre-post changes in exposure outcomes. Results. Parents' reports of exposure and children's hair nicotine levels showed statistically significant reductions. Parents liked all three feedback formats, particularly a comparative graphic format. Conclusions. Consistency of the positive findings suggests that this feedback approach to ETS reduction warrants further study with a more rigorous design.
Controlled Self‐Assembly of Organic Semiconductors for Solution‐Based Fabrication of Organic Field‐Effect Transistors
Authors: Minari Takeo , Liu Chuan , Kano Masataka , Tsukagoshi Kazuhito 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe solubility and low processing temperatures of organic semiconductors enable fabrication of electronic devices using relatively simple printing technologies, and hold promise for realizing flexible plastic devices by environment‐friendly production methods at low cost. In particular, by effectively using the self‐assembling ability of molecules, production methods for organic semiconductor devices are expected to become more efficient in terms of energy and material consumption. We have developed two solution‐based methods for self‐organized formation of organic semiconductor crystals, including area selective nucleation of crystalline semiconductor films and direct formation of organic single crystals. These bottom‐up methods of device fabrication, wherein the intrinsic functionalities of molecules are utilized for spontaneous assembly, may become a core technology for future plastic electronics.
Phocomelia: A worldwide descriptive epidemiologic study in a large series of cases from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and overview of the literature
Authors: Bermejo‐Sánchez Eva , Cuevas Lourdes , Amar Emmanuelle , Bianca Sebastiano , Bianchi Fabrizio , Botto Lorenzo D. , Canfield Mark A. , Castilla Eduardo E. , Clementi Maurizio , Cocchi Guido , Landau Danielle , Leoncini Emanuele , Li Zhu , Lowry R. Brian , Mastroiacovo Pierpaolo , Mutchinick Osvaldo M. , Rissmann Anke , Ritvanen Annukka , Scarano Gioacchino , Siffel Csaba , Szabova Elena , Martínez‐Frías María‐Luisa 
Published: October 2011

AbstractEpidemiologic data on phocomelia are scarce. This study presents an epidemiologic analysis of the largest series of phocomelia cases known to date. Data were provided by 19 birth defect surveillance programs, all members of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research. Depending on the program, data corresponded to a period from 1968 through 2006. A total of 22,740,933 live births, stillbirths and, for some programs, elective terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (ETOPFA) were monitored. After a detailed review of clinical data, only true phocomelia cases were included. Descriptive data are presented and additional analyses compared isolated cases with those with multiple congenital anomalies (MCA), excluding syndromes. We also briefly compared congenital anomalies associated with nonsyndromic phocomelia with those presented with amelia, another rare severe congenital limb defect. A total of 141 phocomelia cases registered gave an overall total prevalence of 0.62 per 100,000 births (95% confidence interval: 0.52–0.73). Three programs (Australia Victoria, South America ECLAMC, Italy North East) had significantly different prevalence estimates. Most cases (53.2%) had isolated phocomelia, while 9.9% had syndromes. Most nonsyndromic cases were monomelic (55.9%), with an excess of left (64.9%) and upper limb (64.9%) involvement. Most nonsyndromic cases (66.9%) were live births; most isolated cases (57.9%) weighed more than 2,499 g; most MCA (60.7%) weighed less than 2,500 g, and were more likely stillbirths (30.8%) or ETOPFA (15.4%) than isolated cases. The most common associated defects were musculoskeletal, cardiac, and intestinal. Epidemiological differences between phocomelia and amelia highlighted possible differences in their causes. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimization of a glycoengineered Pichia pastoris cultivation process for commercial antibody production
Authors: Ye Jianxin , Ly Jeffrey , Watts Kathryn , Hsu Amy , Walker Andre , McLaughlin Kathleen , Berdichevsky Marina , Prinz Bianka , Sean Kersey D. , d'Anjou Marc , Pollard David , Potgieter Thomas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractGlycoengineering enabled the production of proteins with human N‐linked glycans by Pichia pastoris. This study used a glycoengineered P. pastoris strain which is capable of producing humanized glycoprotein with terminal galactose for monoclonal antibody production. A design of experiments approach was used to optimize the process parameters. Followed by further optimization of the specific methanol feed rate, induction duration, and the initial induction biomass, the resulting process yielded up to 1.6 g/L of monoclonal antibody. This process was also scaled‐up to 1,200‐L scale, and the process profiles, productivity, and product quality were comparable with 30‐L scale. The successful scale‐up demonstrated that this glycoengineered P. pastoris fermentation process is a robust and commercially viable process. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2011
Heteronuclear NOE Spectroscopy of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Lingscheid Yves , Arenz Sven , Giernoth Ralf 
Published: October 2011

Abstract19F,1H HOESY experiments with three ionic liquids ([bmim]BF4, [bmim]PF6 and [emim]BF4) were run in two different solvents and neat. The results give preferred probabilities of presence and enable us to systematically study interactions between the cations and the anions in the ionic liquid phase by NMR spectroscopy. The influence of different solvents and of the presence or absence of air (i.e. oxygen) is discussed. This enabled us to substantially speed up the NMR experiments and to develop a more precise method for the investigation of liquid‐phase structures in ionic liquids.
Diastereoselective Mannich Reaction of Chiral Enolates Formed by Enantioselective Conjugate Addition of Grignard Reagents
Authors: Galeštoková Zuzana , Šebesta Radovan 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCu–Taniaphos‐catalyzed enantioselective addition of Grignard reagents to cyclic enones leads to chiral magnesium enolates. These enolates add to N‐protected imines directly, or through in situ transformation to silyl enol ethers. Diastereoselectivity of the addition depends on the nitrogen protecting group of the imine. Diastereoisomers of the resulting β‐amino carbonyl compounds can be separated and are obtained in acceptable yields and in high enantiomeric purities (up to 99:1 er).
Expanding the Scope of the Direct Regiospecific Asymmetric Aldol Reaction to Enones and Dienones Catalyzed by a BINOL‐Derived Brønsted Acid
Authors: Das Joydeb , Le Cavelier Fabien , Rouden Jacques , Blanchet Jérôme 
Published: October 2011

AbstractChiral phosphoric acid (R)‐1a has been shown to be an efficient Brønsted acid catalyst for the useful asymmetric synthesis of various acyclic and endo‐ and exocyclic β‐hydroxyenones through a regiospecific aldol reaction between α,β‐unsaturated ketones and ethyl glyoxalate. Moreover, two unprecedented examples involving sensitive dienones are reported.
Cyclotrimerization of Corannulyne: Steric Hindrance Tunes the Inversion Barriers of Corannulene Bowls
Authors: Yanney Michael , Fronczek Frank R. , Henry William P. , Beard Debbie J. , Sygula Andrzej 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed cyclotrimerization of corannulyne generated from 2‐trimethylsilylcorannulenyl triflate produced a C60H24 hydrocarbon that prefers a highly nonplanar “twist” conformation of C1 symmetry, as demonstrated by X‐ray crystal structure determination and HDFT calculations. Its three corannulene subunits, identical in the idealized D3h symmetry, exhibit dramatically different inversion barriers (from 8.4 to 17.3 kcal mol–1), tuned by the steric congestion inside the highly dissymmetric structure. Bowl‐to‐bowl inversion of the corannulene unit with the lowest activation barrier results in pseudorotation of the molecule and gives rise to a 1H NMR spectrum exhibiting only 12 distinct proton signals. The line‐shape analysis of selected NMR signals gave an estimation of the barrier at 8.5–8.6 kcal mol–1.
Differential impact of continuous theta‐burst stimulation over left and right DLPFC on planning
Authors: Kaller Christoph P. , Heinze Katharina , Frenkel Annekathrein , Läppchen Claus H. , Unterrainer Josef M. , Weiller Cornelius , Lange Rüdiger , Rahm Benjamin 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMost neuroimaging studies on planning report bilateral activations of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Recently, these concurrent activations of left and right dlPFC have been shown to double dissociate with different cognitive demands imposed by the planning task: Higher demands on the extraction of task‐relevant information led to stronger activation in left dlPFC, whereas higher demands on the integration of interdependent information into a coherent action sequence entailed stronger activation of right dlPFC. Here, we used continuous theta‐burst stimulation (cTBS) to investigate the supposed causal structure‐function mapping underlying this double dissociation. Two groups of healthy subjects (left‐lateralized stimulation, n = 26; right‐lateralized stimulation, n = 26) were tested within‐subject on a variant of the Tower of London task following either real cTBS over dlPFC or sham stimulation over posterior parietal cortex. Results revealed that, irrespective of specific task demands, cTBS over left and right dlPFC was associated with a global decrease and increase, respectively, in initial planning times compared to sham stimulation. Moreover, no interaction between task demands and stimulation type (real vs. sham) and/or stimulation side (left vs. right hemisphere) were found. Together, against expectations from previous neuroimaging data, lateralized cTBS did not lead to planning‐parameter specific changes in performance, but instead revealed a global asymmetric pattern of faster versus slower task processing after left versus right cTBS. This global asymmetry in the absence of any task‐parameter specific impact of cTBS suggests that different levels of information processing may span colocalized, but independent axes of functional lateralization in the dlPFC. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Use of saccadic latency for visual inspection system
Authors: Kotani Kentaro , Nakajima Akira , Asao Takafumi , Horii Ken 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn some industrial inspection processes, multiprocess‐handling workers are required to enter the results of visual inspection tests without using their hands because of efficiency or hygiene reasons. We have developed a hands‐free visual inspection system by using saccadic latency, a temporal characteristic of saccadic eye movements. The proposed system is free from the Midas touch problem (i.e., the difficulty in developing an eye‐typing interface owing to the difficulty in differentiating between intentional blinks and gazes and natural ones). For verifying the system, an experiment was conducted in which ten subjects performed a visual inspection task. The average defect detection rates were 99.4%, and no Midas touch–related errors were observed. Results of the error analysis showed that redesigning the system interface would lead to a further enhancement of the system performance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Studies on a New Concept of 3D Data Integration about Reaches and Forces of a Disabled Person on a Wheelchair (CAD Methods in Car and Market Ergonomics)
Authors: Branowski Bogdan , Pacholski Leszek , Rychlik Michał , Zabłocki Marek , Pohl Piotr 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe article presents a new concept of combining the three dimensions (3D) of a person's manipulation space. The data concern information about the reach of the arms and biomechanical data about limiting the load of a disabled person sitting in a wheelchair. Measurement data were acquired empirically, on original measuring station. The data included, respectively, arms' reach (static and dynamic) or, alternatively, measurements of limiting forces. The obtained data were processed into virtual 3D surfaces of arms' reach and forces. These surfaces provide the required graphic model of anthropotechnical and biomechanical data. Developed model was utilized to perform a virtual analysis of the accessibility of a disabled person to technical means: in a market sale space and in the ergonomic analysis into the space of a personal car. The presented method of 3D graphic modeling of anthropometrical and biomechanical data can be universally applied in ergonomic designing of work stations not only for disabled persons. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A theoretical model to characterize the drug release behavior of drug‐eluting stents with durable polymer matrix coating
Authors: Zhao Hugh Q. , Jayasinghe Dudley , Hossainy Syed , Schwartz Lewis B. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe time‐dependent local drug delivery from drug‐eluting stents (DES) plays a critical role in reducing restenosis in intravascular stenting. To better understand the basic mechanism of drug release for certain polymer‐drug‐coated DES platforms, a cylindrical diffusion model was applied successfully to quantitatively describe the experimental drug release data of Dynalink‐E in vitro and in vivo. The results showed that the profiles of Dynalink‐E everolimus release could be controlled by such characteristic parameters as coating thickness and diffusion coefficient. The model could be used to quantitatively characterize the drug release profiles and IVIV correlations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012.
Informed choices for challenging specimens when choosing methacrylate resin systems for histology
Authors: Singhrao Sim K. , Nicholson Ken , Crean Stjohn 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFunctional restoration for orthopedic, systemic, or dental purposes uses a diverse range of biomaterials. Monitoring for any subsequent failures associated with pathology is vital. To this end, an alternative methodology beyond that of cutting sections by conventional microtome knife‐based histomethodologies was pioneered. The method was to saw a block of tissue followed by grinding the unsupported slice to the required thickness. The sawing and grinding of unsupported bones or teeth exposed not only the specimen fragility, but also the delicacy of the associated soft tissues. Although incomplete, the significance of the technique was recognized and improvements were incorporated which persist to the present day addressing the histopathology of challenging specimens. One major improvement for preserving cellular structure as well as reducing fracture incidence was achieved by impregnating tissue samples with cross‐linked resins prior to the cutting and grinding processes. Methyl and glycol methacrylate resins superseded all other choices because of the advantages of photo‐initiated curing. Further pioneering work led to the formulation of increasingly appropriate resin systems and the subsequent processing protocols evolved, as clinical needs for histology‐specific techniques became apparent. Over the decades, several key pioneers entered this scientific arena to develop the now established resin formulation, processing protocols, and allied applications. This has led to the commercialization of the various resin systems. The aim here is to discuss the commercially available glycol and methyl methacrylate resin systems and their practical application to a variety of important techniques used in the histological assessment of complex pathology specimens. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.