bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ghostbusting—Reducing bias due to identification errors in spatial capture‐recapture histories
Authors: Kodi Abinand Reddy , Howard Jasmin , Borchers David Louis , Worthington Hannah , Alexander Justine Shanti , Lkhagvajav Purevjav , Bayandonoi Gantulga , Ochirjav Munkhtogtokh , Erdenebaatar Sergelen , Byambasuren Choidogjamts , Battulga Nyamzav , Johansson Örjan , Sharma Koustubh 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Identifying individuals is key to estimating population sizes by spatial capture–recapture, but identification errors are sometimes made. The most common identification error is the failure to recognise a previously detected individual, thus creating a ‘ghost’ Johansson. This results in positively biased abundance estimates.

Ghosts typically manifest as single detection individuals (‘singletons’) in the capture history. To deal with ghosts, we develop a spatial capture–recapture method conditioned on at least detections. The standard spatial capture–recapture (SCR) model is the special case of . Ghosts can mostly be excluded by fitting a model with (SCR‐2).

We investigated the effect of ‘singleton’ ghosts on the estimation of the model parameters by simulation. The SCR method increasingly overestimated abundance with increasing percentage of ghosts, with positive bias even when only 10% of the detected individuals were ghosts, and bias between 43% and 71% when 30% were ghosts. Estimates from the SCR‐2 method showed lower bias in the presence of ghosts, at the cost of a loss of precision. The mean squared error of the estimated abundance from the SCR‐2 method was lower in all scenarios with ghosts under high encounter rates and for scenarios with 30% or more ghosts with low encounter rates. We also applied our method to capture histories from camera trap surveys of snow leopards (Panthera uncia) at two sites from Mongolia and find that the SCR method produced higher abundance estimates at both sites.

Capture histories are susceptible to errors when generated from passive detectors such as camera traps and genetic samples. The SCR‐2 method can remove bias from ghost capture histories, at the cost of some loss in precision. We recommend using the SCR‐2 method in cases when there may be more than 10% ghosts or surveys with a large number of single detection capture histories, except perhaps when the sample size is very low.
Predictive value of microcirculation for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation weaning test: A monocentric prospective observational study
Authors: Suc Violette , Starck Julie , Levy Yael , Soreze Yohan , Rambaud Jerome , Léger Pierre‐Louis 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is widely used for children treated for refractory respiratory failures or refractory cardiogenic shock. Its duration depends on organ functions recovery. Weaning is decided using macro‐circulatory tools, but microcirculation is not well evaluated. Sidestream dark‐field video imaging is used to assess the perfusion of the sublingual microvascular vessels. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of microcirculatory indices in ECMO weaning.MethodsThis prospective monocentric study examined pediatric patients at Trousseau Hospital between March 2017 and December 2020. The study included all patients from 35 weeks of gestational age to 18 years old who were treated with ECMO. Children were divided into two groups: one with stability after weaning and the other with instability after weaning. We collected clinical and biological data, ventilation parameters, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation parameters, and drugs used at admission and after the weaning test. Microcirculations videos were taken after weaning trials with echocardiography and blood gas monitoring.ResultsThe study included 30 patients with a median age of 29 days (range: 1–770 days) at admission, including 18 patients who received venoarterial ECMO (60%). There were 19 children in the stability group and 11 in the instability group. Macrocirculatory and microcirculatory indices showed no differences between groups. The microvascular flow index was subnormal in both groups (2.3 (1.8–2.4) and 2.3 (2.3–2.6), respectively; p = 0.24). The microvascular indices were similar between cases of venovenous and venoarterial ECMO and between age groups.ConclusionMicrocirculation monitoring at the weaning phase did not predict the failure of ECMO weaning.
Incidence and risk factors of neonatal hypothermia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ruan Jing , Zhong Xuemei , Qin Lijiao , Mai Jiaxuan , Chen Jiaying , Ding Huiyang 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimHypothermia poses a threat to the health and lives of newborns. Therefore, it is essential to identify the factors that influence neonatal hypothermia and provide targeted intervention suggestions for clinical practice to reduce its occurrence.MethodsWe conducted a literature search to identify factors influencing neonatal hypothermia and performed a meta‐analysis to determine the prevalence of neonatal hypothermia and its associated factors. The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of cohort and case–control studies, while the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) was used to evaluate the quality of cross‐sectional studies.ResultsEighteen studies involving 44 532 newborns from 13 countries were included. The incidence of neonatal hypothermia was 52.5% (95% CI: 0.37, 0.68). Factors such as no skin‐to‐skin contact, prematurity, low birth weight, delayed breastfeeding, asphyxiation and resuscitation after birth, low APGAR score, not wearing a cap, and caesarean section were found to affect neonatal hypothermia.ConclusionMultiple factors influence neonatal hypothermia, and clinicians can utilise these factors to develop targeted intervention measures to prevent and reduce the incidence of neonatal hypothermia.
Why and when transformational leadership influences followers' qualitative job insecurity: A three‐wave moderated mediation study
Authors: Xu Xiaohong , Jiang Lixin , Bohle Sergio López , Medina Felipe Muñoz , Gu Meiqiao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study explored the mediation role of follower organization‐based self‐esteem (OBSE) and the moderation role of workplace friendship in the relationship between transformational leadership and follower qualitative job insecurity. We adopted a three‐wave longitudinal design and collected survey data from 142 Chilean employees. Cross‐lagged mediation panel analysis indicated that transformational leadership had a lagged effect on follower OBSE, which, in turn, had a lagged effect on follower qualitative job insecurity. Further, follower workplace friendship moderated the effect of transformational leadership on follower OBSE such that transformational leadership only promoted follower OBSE when followers had high workplace friendship but did not significantly moderate the indirect effect of transformational leadership on follower qualitative job insecurity via OBSE. Integrating the leadership literature with the job insecurity literature, our study takes the first attempt to explore how, why, and when transformational leadership may influence follower qualitative job insecurity.
A randomized, double‐blind study to compare the efficacy and safety of nalbuphine nasal spray and injectable solution in patients after orthopaedic interventions and traumatological procedures
Authors: Tymko Volodymyr G. , Tsapko Grigorii V. , Filipenko Volodymyr A. , Khvysiuk Oleksiy M. , Kovalova Kateryna V. , Kuznetsov Igor E. 
Published: April 2024

AimsOur previous 3‐period crossover study in healthy volunteers comparing the pharmacokinetics of nalbuphine nasal spray Apain with parenteral nalbuphine solution demonstrated high bioavailability of the nasal spray and close similarity of pharmacokinetic profiles after intranasal and intramuscular administration, especially within 30 min postdose. The aim of the present study was a noninferiority assessment of nalbuphine nasal spray vs. intramuscular injection for pain relief in postoperative patients.MethodsNinety orthopaedic and traumatology patients were enrolled in this double‐blind, randomized study of the effectiveness and tolerance of a single 10.5 mg dose of nalbuphine nasal spray vs. 10 mg intramuscular injection. The summed pain intensity difference (SPID0–6) calculated using visual analogue scale scores was the primary study endpoint.ResultsOf 90 subjects enrolled, the per‐protocol efficacy population comprised 79 patients; 6 patients in the reference group and 5 patients in the test group were excluded due to remedication. The mean values of study endpoints with 95% confidence interval were as follows in reference and test groups, respectively: SPID0–6 = 228.08 (205.73–250.43) vs. 248.73 9 (225.83–271.63), time to pain relief onset = 0.28 h (0.25–0.31) vs. 0.27 h (0.25–0.29), duration of analgesia = 5.55 h (5.17–5.93) vs. 5.51 h (5.10–5.92), area under the curve = 119.30 (91.17–147.43) vs. 99.81 (74.52–107.10). No statistically significant differences were revealed.ConclusionNalbuphine nasal spray Apain has been proven to be a safe, noninvasive alternative to intramuscular nalbuphine to relieve severe postoperative pain. Designed for self‐administration and dose‐adjusting, the noncontrolled opioid analgesic nalbuphine spray can be used for patient‐controlled analgesia in out‐of‐hospital, field and home settings.
Distinguishing bipolar depression, bipolar mania, and major depressive disorder by gut microbial characteristics
Authors: Sun Taipeng , Chen Gang , Jiang Wenhao , Xu Wei , You Linlin , Jiang Chenguang , Chen Suzhen , Wang Dan , Zheng Xiao , Yuan Yonggui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundGut microbial disturbance has been widely confirmed in mood disorders. However, little is known about whether gut microbial characteristics can distinguish major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar depression (BP‐D), and bipolar mania (BP‐M).MethodsThis was a prospective case–control study. The composition of gut microbiota was profiled using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing of fecal samples and compared between healthy controls (HC; n = 46), MDD (n = 51), BP‐D (n = 44), and patients with BP‐M (n = 45).ResultsGut microbial compositions were remarkably changed in the patients with MDD, BP‐D, and BP‐M. Compared to HC, distinct gut microbiome signatures were found in MDD, BP‐D, and BP‐M, and some gut microbial changes were overlapping between the three mood disorders. Furthermore, we identified a signature of 7 operational taxonomic units (OUT; Prevotellaceae‐related OUT22, Prevotellaceae‐related OUT31, Prevotellaceae‐related OTU770, Ruminococcaceae‐related OUT70, Bacteroidaceae‐related OTU1536, Propionibacteriaceae‐related OTU97, Acidaminococcaceae‐related OTU34) that can distinguish patients with MDD from those with BP‐D, BP‐M, or HC, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.910 to 0.996.ConclusionOur results provide the clinical rationale for the discriminative diagnosis of MDD, BP‐D, and BP‐M by characteristic gut microbial features.
Impact of income and financial subsidies on oral health care utilization among persons with disabilities in Singapore
Authors: Tan Sharon Hui Xuan , Lee Gabriel Keng Yan , Goh Charlene Enhui , Tong Huei Jinn , Chuang Janice Cheah Ping , Ang Kok‐Yang , Lim David Guang Xu , Gao Xiaoli 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackground/Aim(s)Globally, studies have shown that the dental disease burden among persons with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD) is high and can be attributed to lower utilization levels of dental services. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of income and financial subsidies on the utilization of dental care services among persons with IDD in Singapore.MethodsBetween August 2020 and August 2021, a cross‐sectional study was conducted via centres offering Early Intervention Programme for Infants and Children, special education schools and adult associations in Singapore serving persons with IDD. A sample of 591 caregivers of children and adults with IDD completed the survey. Data on sociodemographic information, oral health behaviours and dental utilization were collected. Financial subsidy status was assessed by the uptake of a government‐funded, opt‐in Community Health Assist Scheme (CHAS) for low‐income families that provided a fixed subsidy amount for dental services in the primary care setting. Statistical analysis was carried out using univariable, multiple logistic regression and modified Poisson regression. Propensity score matching was carried out in R version 4.0.2 to assess the impact of financial subsidies on oral health care utilization among persons with IDD.ResultsCompared to those with lower gross monthly household incomes, the adjusted prevalence ratios of having at least one dental visit in the past year, having at least one preventive dental visit in the past year, and visiting the dentist at least once a year for persons with IDD with gross monthly household incomes of above SGD$4000 were 1.28 (95% CI 1.08–1.52), 1.48 (95% CI 1.14–1.92) and 1.36 (95% CI 1.09–1.70), respectively. Among those who were eligible for CHAS Blue subsidies (247 participants), 160 (62.0%) took up the CHAS Blue scheme and 96 (35.4%) visited the dentist at least yearly. There was no statistically significant difference in the utilization of dental services among individuals enrolled in the CHAS Blue subsidy scheme among those eligible for CHAS Blue subsidies.ConclusionHigher household income was associated with a higher prevalence of dental visits in the past year, preventive dental visits in the past year, and at least yearly dental visits. CHAS Blue subsidies alone had limited impact on dental utilization among persons with IDD who were eligible for subsidies.
Restoring Children From Out‐of‐Home Care: Insights From an Aboriginal‐Led Community Forum
Authors: Newton B. J. , Gray Paul , Cripps Kyllie , Falster Kathleen , Katz Ilan , Chiswell Kimberly , Wellington Lisa , Ardler Richard , Frith Fiona , Jones Tori , Kent Mandy , Tong Neika 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTRestoring children from out‐of‐home care (OOHC) to their families is the preferred outcome for all children removed by child protection services, yet little is known about how restoration processes are experienced by families and services supporting them. This paper provides important insights about Aboriginal child restoration from 40 practitioners and stakeholders at a community forum led by Aboriginal Community Controlled Organisations in regional New South Wales (NSW), Australia. This is one component of larger Aboriginal‐led research, which investigates child protection experiences and pathways to successful restoration in NSW and the data source for this paper. The community forum explored the issues for families navigating family preservation, OOHC and restoration within child protection and legal systems. Findings include the need for a continuum of support for families throughout their engagement with child protection systems and crucially following the removal of their children. Barriers to effective restoration practice included a lack of access to meaningful and ongoing preservation services, insufficient cultural care planning and family finding efforts that are often too late, the pressure on services to support families without adequate capabilities or enough resourcing, the lack of transparency and the complexities in navigating the restoration process, and the lack of culturally informed support for children and their families while children are in care. Implications for policy and practice are discussed. This paper contributes to understanding practice, processes and barriers for restoration, particularly focused on the perspectives of Aboriginal families and communities, with potential insights for practice within Australia and internationally.
Expansion of fluvial transport of commodities through the Pantanal floodplains of Brazil: Potential impacts and interference by climate change
Authors: Girard Pierre , de Oliveira Roque Fabio , Cabral de Sousa Wilson , Hamilton Stephen K. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractInland waterways have historically been viewed as a desirable means for transporting commodities. However, creating and maintaining navigable river channels can entail substantial geomorphological modifications, resulting in changes to the ecohydrology of a river and its adjacent floodplains. In addition, barge traffic has important environmental impacts. The proposed expansion of the Paraguay River Hidrovia through the Pantanal floodplains of Brazil will negatively impact biodiversity due to bank erosion, water pollution, and the introduction of invasive species. Dredging would decrease the area and duration of inundation of connected floodplains renowned for their biodiversity, including fish and wildlife. Furthermore, the effects of the Hidrovia on greenhouse gas emissions are potentially important, although the net effects are complex and require further research. Global climate change is projected to cause greater variability in rainfall and river levels, with longer and more severe low water periods that would impede navigability and require further channel modifications. Modifications of the Paraguay River channel that lower the water levels and reduce the extent of surface water persisting during the dry season would negatively impact aquatic life in the main channel as well as in the floodplains, where recent increases in wildfire severity and excessive heat are already stressors. These changes threaten traditional livelihoods for people in the Pantanal, including artisanal fisheries, cattle ranching, and ecotourism.
Stigma, and factors associated with experiencing stigma, while visiting health‐care services among samples of people who use illegal drugs in Australia
Authors: Sutherland Rachel , King Cate , Karlsson Antonia , Treloar Carla , Broady Timothy , Chandrasena Udesha , Salom Caroline , Dietze Paul , Peacock Amy 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeople who inject drugs experience stigma across multiple settings, including when accessing health‐care services, however, comparatively little is known about experiences of stigma towards other groups of people who use illegal drugs. This paper examines experience of, and factors associated with, stigma among two samples of people who use illegal drugs when visiting both specialist alcohol and other drug (AOD) and general health‐care services.MethodsAustralians who regularly (i.e., ≥monthly) inject drugs (n = 879; illicit drug reporting system [IDRS]) or use ecstasy and/or other illegal stimulants (n = 700; ecstasy and related drugs reporting system [EDRS]) were surveyed between April and July 2022 about past 6‐month experience of stigma in the above services. Multi‐variable regression analyses were performed to determine the socio‐demographic, drug use and health factors associated with stigma.ResultsExperiences of stigma in general health‐care services were more common among IDRS (40%) than EDRS (24%; p < 0.001) participants, however, experiences were comparable in specialist AOD health‐care settings (22% and 20%, respectively; p = 0.687). Gender identity and experiencing high psychological distress were associated with experiencing stigma across both samples. Past‐year overdose was associated with experiencing stigma among the IDRS sample, while unstable housing and incomplete high school education were associated with experiencing stigma in the EDRS sample.Discussion and ConclusionsExperiences of stigma when accessing health‐care services are relatively common across different populations of people who use illegal drugs. Our findings highlight the multiple and intersecting dimensions of stigma and provide further support for recent calls for a universal precautions approach to stigma in health care.
C‐peptide index at 2 h post‐meal is a useful predictor of endogenous insulin secretory capacity and withdrawal from insulin therapy in subjects with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Iwamoto Yuichiro , Kimura Tomohiko , Shimoda Masashi , Morimoto Yuichi , Watanabe Yuki , Itoh Takashi , Sasaki Taku , Mori Shigehito , Kubo Masato , Takenouchi Haruka , Dan Kazunori , Iwamoto Hideyuki , Sanada Junpei , Fushimi Yoshiro , Katakura Yukino , Nakanishi Shuhei , Mune Tomoatsu , Kaku Kohei , Kaneto Hideaki 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the correlation between C‐peptide index (CPI) at 2 h post‐meal and endogenous insulin secretory capacity and to develop clinical models to predict the possibility of withdrawal from insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodThis was a single‐centre retrospective study of patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to our hospital. Patients were divided into a withdrawal group (n = 72) and a non‐withdrawal group (n = 75) based on whether they were able to withdraw from insulin therapy at discharge, and the correlation between CPI at 2 h after meal and diabetes‐related parameters was evaluated. In addition, we created two clinical models to predict the possibility of withdrawal from insulin therapy using machine learning.ResultsThe glycated haemoglobin values of the study participants were 87.8 ± 22.6 mmol/mo. The CPI at 2 h post‐meal was 1.93 ± 1.28 in the non‐withdrawal group and 2.97 ± 2.07 in the withdrawal group (p < 0.001). CPI at 2 h post‐meal was an independent predictor of withdrawal from insulin therapy. In addition, CPI at 2 h post‐meal was a better predictor than fasting CPI. Six factors associated with insulin therapy withdrawal (age, duration of diabetes, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, insulin therapy until hospitalization, and CPI at 2 h post‐meal) were used to generate two clinical models by machine learning. The accuracy of the generated clinical models ranged from 78.3% to 82.6%.ConclusionThe CPI at 2 h post‐meal is a clinically useful measure of endogenous insulin secretory capacity under non‐fasting conditions.
From unobserved to observed preference heterogeneity: a revealed preference methodology
Authors: Cherchye Laurens , Saelens Dieter , Tuncer Reha 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe present an easy‐to‐apply non‐parametric revealed preference method to identify observed preference heterogeneity from cross‐sectional data. Building on the partitioning approach that was developed by Crawford and Pendakur (Economic Journal, 2013, 123(567), 77–95) and Cosaert (Computational Economics, 2019, 53(2), 533–54), it quantifies the contribution of observable consumer characteristics to describing the identified preference heterogeneity. We demonstrate the practical usefulness of our method through an application to newly gathered experimental data on consumer choice behaviour in two types of decision situations: the allocation of money (choosing between two products) and the allocation of time (choosing between leisure and work). We investigate whether the same consumer characteristics drive the observed variation in choice behaviour in these two settings.