bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A real-world study of anlotinib in combination with PD-L1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy as first-line therapy for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Chen Size , Lin Yiguang , Song Minghan , Dong Jiayi , Lijuan Shao 
Published: June 2024

e20135 Background: Current first-line treatment options for extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) are the PD-L1 inhibitor in combination with chemotherapy. Although these regimens have improved outcomes, most patients experience disease progression (PD), and median survival remains approximately 12 months. Anlotinib represents a tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, achieved good efficacy in third-line therapy in ES-SCLC. We conducted a real-world study to explore the safety and efficacy of adding anlotinib to the current first-line therapy in ES-SCLC. Methods: This real-world study included 16 patients with ES-SCLC treated with antirotinib in combination with the PD-L1 inhibitor and etoposide and cisplatin chemotherapy at our hospital between Oct 2020 and Nov 2023. Patients received six cycles of a standard dose of the PD-L1 inhibitor (Atezolizumab; Adebrelimab; Envafolimab; Nivolumab; Pembrolizumab; Tirelizumab or Sugemalimab) in combination with cisplatin (25 mg/m2, day 1-3 of each cycle) and etoposide (100 mg/m2, day 1-3 of each cycle), and anlotinib was taken orally (4-6mg, day 1-14 of each cycle). Maintenance PD-L1 inhibitor plus anlotinib was followed in a 21-day cycle until disease progression, intolerant toxicity, or longer than 2 years of treatment. The primary outcomes were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Secondary outcomes were disease control rate (DCR), objective response rate (ORR), and adverse reactions. Treatment response and adverse events (AEs) were assessed using the RECIST 1.1 and CTCAE 5.0, respectively. Results: A total of 16 patients were recruited. The median age was 72 years (66-76). Four patients (25%) had brain metastases at baseline, and seven patients (43.8%) had liver metastases. Median PFS was 10.8 months (95% CI, 8.3-13.3 months) and the median OS was 16.4 months (95% CI, 9.6-23.2 months). Totally 15 and 1 participants showed PR and SD, respectively. ORR and DCR were 93.8% and 100%. All patients had treatment-related AEs, of which grade 3-4 AE occurred in 50% (8/16). No serious infection or treatment-related death occurred. Myelosuppression was the most common AE, such as anemia (100%), leukocytopenia (100%), lymphocytopenia (100%), neutropenia (87.5%), and thrombocytopenia (50%). Other common AEs included hypoproteinemia (68.8%); hyponatremia (62.5%); creatinine elevation (56.3%), proteinuria (43.8%); hypertension (37.5%) and hypertriglyceridemia (37.5%). No unexpected AEs were found in this study. No patient stopped treatment due to intolerable toxicity. Conclusions: The addition of anlotinib to first-line immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy results in extended PFS and OS in patients with ES-SCLC without additional AEs. The preliminary results warrant further investigation of this treatment modality in ES-SCLC.
They Took the Best Farms
Authors: Mueser Anna Lehr 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This article explores collective memories about lost farms in New York City's watershed. It argues that farms taken by eminent domain for two water supply reservoirs came to symbolize lost rural and agricultural lifeways in the twentieth century. In the 1950s and 1960s, New York City condemned over two hundred farms in Delaware County, New York, flooding two valleys for reservoirs, contributing to a pattern of farm closure, and dramatically changing social and economic life. Nonetheless, farms declined in this region more slowly than across the state and nation, suggesting that it was not the loss of farms but the specific way these agricultural valleys were flooded that became important for collective memories about this local history. Using transcripts from eminent domain proceedings and local newspapers, this article explores the making and mobilization of collective memories that blamed New York City for the loss of the county's “best” farms. Reading historical documents as cultural texts, this article brings together the insights of science and technology studies and memory studies to show how residents in the watershed localized a more general politics of rural-urban division by linking anxieties about changes in the region to New York City's water supply development history.
Farming for the Overseas Market under the Maoist State
Authors: Hu Guangji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Drawing on county-level foreign trade archival documents, this article explores export production in the rural Pearl River delta during the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on the relationship between local foreign trade agencies and grassroots collectives in three counties. The study contends that, instead of the state having complete control of the entire production and procurement process, rural export production in the Pearl River delta demonstrates remarkable diversity and responsiveness to fluctuating overseas market conditions, whose adaptability, however, was significantly constrained by the grain-first policy during the Maoist era. This research further posits that the interplay between control and autonomy mechanisms shaped the institutional context in which rational, calculating Chinese peasants navigated the Maoist state. Notably, the state was not a monolithic entity, and its boundaries with the peasants were permeable and dynamic.
CULTURA DIGITAL E A EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR
Authors: Costa da Circuncisão Janyelle 
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho objetiva ampliar conhecimentos acerca da cultura digital, assim como estabelecer conexão dialogada desta cultura com a Educação Física Escolar, no tocante à prática pedagógica. Caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa bibliográfica, indispensável na construção de um trabalho, pois permite conhecer com mais propriedade o fenômeno em estudo, utilizando bibliografias como instrumentos de fundamentação. Sua abordagem é qualitativa, apoiada nas Ciências Sociais, focada em entender aspectos mais subjetivos. A cultura digital define-se como as mudanças ocasionadas pela tecnologia que transformaram a sociedade, a maneira como se interage nela e os setores que a modulam, inclusive a educação. A Educação Física pode enriquecer e potencializar sua práxis mediante o universo da cultura digital: ela pode influenciar positivamente o processo ensino e aprendizagem, desde que seus recursos sejam materializados conscientemente. Para tal, são imprescindíveis investimentos em equipamentos e estrutura. A formação continuada, processo de aperfeiçoamento dos saberes à atividade profissional, é essencial para as ações voltadas à qualificação docente com as tecnologias, uma vez que a cultura digital é uma demanda exigida pela educação. Esta cultura carrega em si um potencial didático pedagógico, e a Educação Física deve visualizá-la como possibilidade de direcionamento para, assim, estabelecer novas conexões de aprendizagens e sociabilidades.
Effect of tetanic stimulation prior to train-of-four monitoring on the time to muscle response stabilization with neuromuscular blockade with rocuronium in patients aged 60 to 80 years: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Henrique Silva Ribeiro Angela , Verçosa Nubia , Braga Estêvão Luiz Carvalho , Micuci Angelo Jorge Queiroz Rangel , Germano-Filho Paulo Alípio , Cavalcanti Ismar Lima 
Published: June 2024

Purpose
To determine the effect of tetanic stimulation on the time to achieve stabilization of the T1 height, by acceleromyography train-of-four (TOF) ratio monitoring, in patients aged 60 to 80 years.

Methods
Randomized, prospective, single-blind, controlled trial in patients aged 60 to 80 years undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia in two university hospitals in Brazil between December 2019 and March 2022. This trial was performed in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and the guidelines for good clinical research practice in pharmacodynamic studies of neuromuscular blocking agents II. Participants were randomly allocated by computer-generated numbers to receive tetanic stimulation (intervention group, n  =  25) or not receive tetanic stimulation (control group, n  =  25) to achieve T1 height stabilization on TOF ratio monitoring. The primary endpoint was to evaluate the effect of tetanic stimulation on the time to achieve stabilization of the T1 height. We also evaluated the effect on the onset time of rocuronium and time to recover from neuromuscular blockade with a single dose of rocuronium 0.6 mg.kg-1 with spontaneous recovery.

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in the time to T1 height stabilization (intervention: 4.3 [2.0–8.0] min; control: 5.8 [2.0–10.5] min; p  =  0.202), onset time of the neuromuscular blocking agent (intervention: 1.9 [±0.7] min; control: 2.2 [±1.0] min; p  =  0.219), or neuromuscular blockade recovery times to normalized TOF values of 0.7 (intervention: 106.1 [±37.2] min; control: 91.7 [±27.5] min; p  =  0.295), 0.8 (intervention: 114.3 [±40.1] min; control: 97.8 [±28.9] min; p  =  0.225), 0.9 (intervention: 126.5 [±44.0] min; control: 106.9 [±30.6] min; p  =  0.153), and 1.0 (intervention: 138.3 [±43.4] min; control: 123.8 [±43.5] min; p  =  0.425).

Conclusion
The results of this study suggest that the recommendation to use tetanic stimulation to shorten the time to T1 height stabilization in neuromuscular monitoring did not alter the stabilization time of the T1 twitch or the pharmacodynamics of neuromuscular blockade with rocuronium in patients aged 60 to 80 years.
Diazepam inhibits LPS-induced pyroptosis and inflammation and alleviates pulmonary fibrosis in mice by regulating the let-7a-5p/MYD88 axis
Authors: Song Duanyi , Tang Xuefang , Du Juan , Tao Kang , Li Yun 
Published: June 2024

Background and objective
Pulmonary fibrosis caused by lung injury is accompanied by varying degrees of inflammation, and diazepam can reduce the levels of inflammatory factors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether diazepam can inhibit inflammation and ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the let-7a-5p/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88) axis.

Methods
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce cell pyroptosis in an animal model of pulmonary fibrosis. After treatment with diazepam, changes in cell proliferation and apoptosis were observed, and the occurrence of inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis in the mice was detected.

Results
The results showed that LPS can successfully induce cell pyroptosis and inflammatory responses and cause lung fibrosis in mice. Diazepam inhibits the expression of pyroptosis-related factors and inflammatory factors; moreover, it attenuates the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Mechanistically, diazepam can upregulate the expression of let-7a-5p, inhibit the expression of MYD88, and reduce inflammation and inhibit pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the let-7a-5p/MYD88 axis.

Conclusion
Our findings indicated that diazepam can inhibit LPS-induced pyroptosis and inflammatory responses and alleviate pulmonary fibrosis in mice by regulating the let-7a-5p/MYD88 axis.
Reinterpretation of the results of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Habibzadeh Farrokh 
Published: June 2024

Background
Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) shape our clinical practice. Several studies report a mediocre replicability rate of the studied RCTs. Many researchers believe that the relatively low replication rate of RCTs is attributed to the high p value significance threshold. To solve this problem, some researchers proposed using a lower threshold, which is inevitably associated with a decrease in the study power.

Methods
The results of 22 500 RCTs retrieved from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (CDSR) were reinterpreted using 2 fixed p significance threshold (0.05 and 0.005), and a recently proposed flexible threshold that minimizes the weighted sum of errors in statistical inference.

Results
With p < 0.05 criterion, 28.5% of RCTs were significant; p < 0.005, 14.2%; and p < flexible threshold, 9.9% (2/3 of significant RCTs based on p < 0.05 criterion, were found not significant). Lowering the p cut-off, although decreases the false-positive rate, is not generally associated with a lower weighted sum of errors; the false-negative rate increases (the study power decreases); important treatments may be left undiscovered. Accurate calculation of the optimal p value thresholds needs knowledge of the variance in each study arm, a posteriori.

Conclusions
Lowering the p value threshold, as it is proposed by some researchers, is not reasonable as it might be associated with an increase in false-negative rate. Using a flexible p significance threshold approach, although results in a minimum error in statistical inference, might not be good enough too because only a rough estimation may be calculated a priori; the data necessary for the precise computation of the most appropriate p significance threshold are only available a posteriori. Frequentist statistical framework has an inherent conflict. Alternative methods, say Bayesian methods, although not perfect, would be more appropriate for the data analysis of RCTs.
Two Hundred and Fifty Ways to Start an Essay about Captain Cook, Alice Te Punga Somerville (2020)
Authors: Jablonski Sebastian 
Published: June 2024

Review of: Two Hundred and Fifty Ways to Start an Essay about Captain Cook, Alice Te Punga Somerville (2020)
Wellington: Bridget Williams Books, 250 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 98858 774 5 (pbk), NZ$17.99
REPPIN’: Pacific Islander Youth and Native Justice, Keith L. Camacho (ed.) (2021)
Authors: Wilson John F. 
Published: June 2024

Review of: REPPIN’: Pacific Islander Youth and Native Justice, Keith L. Camacho (ed.) (2021)
Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 274 pp.,
ISBN 978 0 29574 858 0 (pbk), $30
Histories of Hate: The Radical Right in Aotearoa New Zealand, Matthew Cunningham, Marinus La Rooij and Paul Spoonley (eds) (2022)
Authors: Alessio Dominic 
Published: June 2024

Review of: Histories of Hate: The Radical Right in Aotearoa New Zealand, Matthew Cunningham, Marinus La Rooij and Paul Spoonley (eds) (2022)
Otago: Otago University Press, 440 pp.,
ISBN 978 1 99004 840 1 (pbk), NZ$50
Mapping Security in the Pacific: A Focus on Context, Gender and Organisational Culture, Sara N. Amin, Danielle Watson and Christian Girard (eds) (2020)
Authors: Ďurfina Anna 
Published: June 2024

Review of: Mapping Security in the Pacific: A Focus on Context, Gender and Organisational Culture, Sara N. Amin, Danielle Watson and Christian Girard (eds) (2020)
Routledge: Taylor & Francis, 249 pp.,
ISBN 978 0 36714 392 3 (hbk), £104
Analysis and Challenges of the Formative and Accumulative Process of Industrial Residues
Authors: Korabayev Beibit , Amanova Gulnara , Abuselidze George , Saduakassova Kunsulu , Bekbulatova Assylgul 
Published: June 2024

The article examines the problems of waste generation and accumulation in the Republic and by regions. It also examines the dynamics of the number of stationary sources of pollution, the volume of emissions into the atmosphere, including emissions of solid waste, etc. For an accurate study, we have selected indicators from 2005 to 2022 in the Abai region. Regression coefficients and the influencing variables of the number of factors were chosen as the initial data for the regression linearity model. Identify the key issues of the Bay area from the perspective of state ecology. The vast majority of solid waste on the Abad Region's territory is industrial waste, consisting of waste from mining operations, as well as ash and slag. The annual level of waste generation from production and consumption in the region continues to be high. Based on the findings of the regression analysis, we recommend a number of measures for the industry: bringing the waste management sector into line with green principles through careful control, overspending on waste management funding, reducing emissions, reducing energy consumption in the public sector, reducing the amount of clean water used in industry, recycling high-quality waste, and disposing of solid waste properly, modernizing and constructing new landfills for solid waste. These and other gaps in environmental legislation and environmental policy documents need to be eliminated in the near future in order to achieve a significant reduction in the accumulation of production and consumption waste.
Keywords: air pollution, valuation of environmental effects, industrial residues, environment and development, Abad district, Kazakhstan
Navigating Precarity: Political Struggles and the Impact on the Shadow Economy
Authors: Ishchuk Mykhailo , Diedkov Mykola , Khrypko Svitlana , Oblova Liudmyla , Binkivska Kristina , Syhyda Halyna , Turchyn Maryna 
Published: June 2024

This research study comprehends the phenomenon of the precariat and emphasizes the core issues surrounding multicontextual discourse. It examines the distinction between the precariat and the underclass, substantiates the use of the concept of “precariat” to describe a social group experiencing anomie. The study delves into the main forms of political struggle undertaken by the precariat, with particular attention to the alternative forms of political group organization and the latest means of protest employed. Furthermore, the authors highlight the potential impact of the precariat on the shadow economy or informal sector within the country. The research explores how the dynamic and diverse work situations of the precariat, often outside traditional labor laws and regulations, could contribute to the growth of informal work arrangements and activities. This consideration adds an important dimension to understanding the precariat’s role in contemporary society. The research explores the role of cities in addressing precariat vulnerabilities through formalization incentives, social security access, localized policies to uplift marginalized groups. Successful municipal programs can prevent growth of the shadow economy while promoting sustainable and inclusive development. Moreover, the research study addresses the futurological prospects of the precariat issue in society at large. It also proposes directions for further investigation aimed at overcoming the negative trends associated with the precariatization of modern society, offering valuable insights into potential policy measures to address the concerns and vulnerabilities of the precariat in today’s rapidly changing world.
Keywords: precariat, shadow economy, sustainable development, labor law, anomie, underclass, protest, uncertainty, risk, inequality
Driving Employee Engagement: Examining the Synergy of Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity-Enhancing Practices
Authors: Johar Elaina Rose , Rosli Nadzirah , Juhari Noor Faezah , Mat Khairi Siti Murni , Mat Nor Norzanah 
Published: June 2024

This study investigates how human resource practices, specifically focusing on ability, motivation, and opportunity practices, effect employee engagement in the Malaysian context. The research involved surveying 154 employees in the service sector in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Structural equation modelling was utilized for data analysis. Drawing from the Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity (AMO) theory, the results indicate that intrinsic motivation and opportunity practices significantly enhance employee engagement. However, practices related to ability and extrinsic motivation show no effect. The findings suggest that leaders should prioritize offering skill development opportunities and attractive rewards to encourage active employee engagement. Moreover, human resource policies and procedures should align with these objectives to enhance the value of human capital, achieve organizational objectives, and enhance employee well-being. This study emphasizes the critical importance of AMO practices in significantly boosting employee engagement levels.
Keywords: employee engagement, AMO practices, PLS-SEM
System Design for Solid Waste Reuse: Fostering Sustainable Urbanism through the ReUseLink system
Authors: Kedar Ori , Persov Elad 
Published: June 2024

This paper identifies three levels at which urban solid waste is generated: individual disposal of old objects, home renovations, and urban renewal projects. The increasing solid waste stream contributes to landfill use in rural and metropolitan areas, diminishing their ability to provide crucial ecosystem services to the city. To address this issue, qualitative research was conducted using project-based and design-thinking research and development methods. The paper presents solid waste generation and treatment research and develops a systemic behavioral, logistic, and digital solution. An online system connects municipal authorities, residents, and those interested in reuse, managing waste-producing processes, identifying the point of waste generation, and enabling logistical solutions for reuse. Emphasizing time management and object mapping, the system operates under the circular economy concept, generating financial and environmental profit. Furthermore, the system integrates waste management into the planning stages of renovation or renewal projects, allowing for proactive waste management considerations.
Keywords: Sustainable system design, Sustainable Development, Twin Transition, New Urban Agenda
Legal Support for Sustainable Agroecological Development: Evidence from Ukraine
Authors: Novak Tamara , Melnyk Victoria , Kovalchuk Inna , Pakhomova Anna , Nastina Olga 
Published: June 2024

This article is dedicated to characterizing laws regarding Ukrainian agroecological development. Researched existing approaches to the interpretation of the concepts of "agroecology", "ecologization of agricultural production", "agroecological law", "sustainable development". Definition of the category of "agroecological development" is formulated. It is determined that in modern Ukrainian realities the weight of international acts in the implementation of agroecological development has significantly increased. This stems from the European integration prospects of our country. The need to account for best international practices in regulating the functioning of both modern and post-war agriculture.
It is established that Ukraine has already developed a fairly solid legal framework that establishes environmental requirements for agricultural production. Further effective application of these requirements depends on the formation of the state agrarian policy and the planning and implementation of agro-ecological measures at the local and regional levels. Therefore, an update of documents regarding development of Ukrainian economy and agricultural sector for the period up to 2030. Key measures for agroecological development at the regional level have been identified, which is recommended to be included in local programs of economic development.
Keywords: agriculture, agricultural production, legal support, sustainable development, greening of agricultural production, agroecology, agrarian policy.