bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TREPP VERSUS MIS APPROACH FOR INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Rasador A C , Balthazar da Silveira C A , Kasakewitch J P G , Lima D L , Nogueira R , Sreeramoju P , Malcher F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim
Guidelines recommend minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for unilateral groin hernia repair (GHR) due to reduced chronic pain. The most performed approaches consist of posterior mesh placement by the transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) techniques. However, it remains unclear whether the main advantage of those techniques stems from the MIS approach or posterior mesh placement. As the transrectus preperitoneal (TREPP) technique is an open option for posterior mesh placement, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing TREPP and MIS techniques for GHR.

Material and Methods
Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, Scielo, and PubMed were systematically searched for studies comparing TREPP and MIS techniques for GHR. Outcomes assessed were recurrence, cumulative surgical site occurrences (SSO), surgical site infection (SSI), and postoperative pain.

Results
29 studies were screened and 8 were thoroughly reviewed. Three studies were included, of which two compared TREPP with TEP technique, and one compared TREPP with both MIS techniques. We found lower SSI rates for the MIS approaches (0.61% vs. 0.33%; RR 3.96; 95% CI 1.04 to 15.16; P = 0.04). There was no statistical differences regarding recurrence (2.42% vs. 2.51%; RR 1.01; P = 0.98), postoperative pain (4.2% vs. 6.4%%; RR 0.61; P = 0.4), and SSO (4.2% vs. 4.0%%; RR 0.6; P = 0.43) between TREPP and the MIS techniques.

Conclusion
Our systematic review and meta-analysis found a lower SSI for the MIS repair but did not find differences regarding recurrence, SSO, and postoperative pain.
LAPAROSCOPIC VERSUS ROBOTIC TRANS ABDOMINAL PREPERITONEAL INGUINAL HERNIA REPAIR: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Rodha M S , Guha S , Chaudhary R , Badkur M , Sharma N 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Minimal invasive inguinal hernia repair (LIHR or RIHR) is a pivotal advancement, focusing on minimizing postoperative pain and recurrence rates. This randomized controlled trial aims to compare outcomes of laparoscopic and robotic TAPP inguinal hernia repair, hypothesizing superior outcomes with the robotic approach.

Materials and Methods
This study was a single-center based, open-labeled, parallel-arm randomized controlled trial including all consenting adult patients with uncomplicated inguinal hernia, presenting to, AIIMS Jodhpur between January 2022 and June 2023. Patients were randomized and allocated in a 2:1 ratio into two arms, laparoscopic and robotic groups respectively. The primary outcome, postoperative pain was assessed by using VAS at 3,6 and 12 hours, and secondary outcomes were operative duration, hospital length of stay, urinary retention, and other complications.

Results
The baseline characteristics are as below:
The median (IQR) VAS at 3, 6 and 12 hours are as below:
No statistically significant difference was found in VAS between the groups.
The median (IQR) operative duration was as below:
No statistically significant difference was noted in the overall operative duration between the groups. However, the peritoneal dissection time was significant in the robotic arm with a p-value of 0.008.
No difference was noted in the length of hospital stay, postoperative urinary retention rates, and complication rates at 1-week and 4-week follow-up.

Conclusions
There is no statistically significant difference between robotic and laparoscopic TAPP inguinal hernia repair. While robotic TAPP shows reduced peritoneal dissection time, overall operative duration remains similar due to docking/undocking.
INITIAL EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF CHIMNEY MESH FOR THE REPAIR OF PARASTOMAL EVENTRATIONS IN OUR HOSPITAL
Authors: Rodríguez Lucas J M , Medina Manuel E , Del Valle Ruiz S R , Valero Soriano M , Jiménez Moreno I M , Hurtado Vázquez A M , Sandoval Marín J , Moreno García C , González Valverde F M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aim
Parastomal hernias are one of the most common stoma complications. Although they are frequent, few are operated due to the low percentage of complications.

Material and Methods
This is a descriptive and retrospective study of the parastomal eventroplasties performed during 2023 using the chimney mesh by the Abdominal Wall Unit. The patients were evaluated after follow-up of their stomas by the General Surgery and Urology Service.

Results
5 patients were operated, 4 men and 1 woman, mean age of 72 years (range: 65–78). The Body Mass Index was 28.016 (range: 23.46–32.37). Two patients had urostomies for bladder tumors, two patients had terminal colostomies for one rectal neoplasm and another for complicated diverticulitis, and one patient had both for bladder neoplasm with rectal infiltration that required Miles surgery. The surgery time for eventroplasty was recorded in 3/5 patients with a mean time of 160 min (range 165–180). In 2 patients laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed for symptomatic cholelithiasis in the same surgical time. No intraoperative incidences were recorded during the procedures. In the postoperative period one patient required parenteral nutrition due to prolonged ileus that improved with conservative treatment (Clavien Dindo II). There were no major complications. The mean hospitalization time was 8.4 days (range 4–19) and during the outpatient follow-up we have not registered hernia recurrences.

Conclusion
The initial use of chimney meshes is giving good results in the selected patients, although the initial sample is small and the follow-up time is quite short to reach definitive conclusions.
Predictive value of pretreatment circulating inflammatory response markers in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer: meta-analysis
Authors: Dowling Gavin P , Daly Gordon R , Hegarty Aisling , Hembrecht Sandra , Bracken Aisling , Toomey Sinead , Hennessy Bryan T , Hill Arnold D K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Systemic inflammatory response markers have been found to have a prognostic role in several cancers, but their value in predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer is uncertain. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was carried out to investigate this.

Methods
A systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify studies that explored the predictive value of circulating systemic inflammatory response markers in patients with breast cancer before commencing neoadjuvant therapy. A meta-analysis was undertaken for each inflammatory marker where three or more studies reported pCR rates in relation to the inflammatory marker. Outcome data are reported as ORs and 95% confidence intervals.

Results
A total of 49 studies were included, of which 42 were suitable for meta-analysis. A lower pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio was associated with an increased pCR rate (pooled OR 1.66 (95% c.i. 1.32 to 2.09); P &lt; 0.001). A lower white cell count (OR 1.96 (95% c.i. 1.29 to 2.97); P = 0.002) and a lower monocyte count (OR 3.20 (95% c.i. 1.71 to 5.97); P &lt; 0.001) were also associated with a pCR. A higher lymphocyte count was associated with an increased pCR rate (OR 0.44 (95% c.i. 0.30 to 0.64); P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
The present study found the pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, white cell count, lymphocyte count, and monocyte count of value in the prediction of a pCR in the neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Further research is required to determine their value in specific breast cancer subtypes and to establish optimal cut-off values, before their adoption in clinical practice.
Position of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medicine Association on Team-based Infectious Diseases Care and the Roles of Advanced Practice Providers and Clinical Pharmacists
Authors:   Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), Balter Laurence , Beieler Alison M , Burdette Steven D , Chakraborty Rana , Ashley Elizabeth Dodds , File Tom , Haddad Marwan , Keruly Jeanne , Marcelin Jasmine R , Nelson Sandra B , Powderly William , Rogers Sara , Wheeler David , Weddle Andrea 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Strengthening and expanding interprofessional team-based care is an important component of the Infectious Diseases Society of America's Workforce Development Strategy to expand and promote equitable access to expert infectious diseases (ID) care. This statement defines the roles of care team members and highlights the need for ID curricula and training programs for advanced practice providers to support implementation of ID team-based care.
Hot climate, hot koalas: the role of weather, behaviour and disease on thermoregulation
Authors: Mella Valentina S A , Cooper Christine E , Karr Madeline , Krockenberger Andrew , Madani George , Webb Elliot B , Krockenberger Mark B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Thermoregulation is critical for endotherms living in hot, dry conditions, and maintaining optimal core body temperature (Tb) in a changing climate is an increasingly challenging task for mammals. Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) have evolved physiological and behavioural strategies to maintain homeostasis and regulate their Tb but are thought to be vulnerable to prolonged heat. We investigated how weather, behaviour and disease influence Tb for wild, free-living koalas during summer in north-west New South Wales. We matched Tb with daily behavioural observations in an ageing population where chlamydial disease is prevalent. Each individual koala had similar Tb rhythms (average Tb = 36.4 ± 0.05°C), but male koalas had higher Tb amplitude and more pronounced daily rhythm than females. Disease disrupted the 24-hr circadian pattern of Tb. Koala Tb increased with ambient temperature (Ta). On the hottest day of the study (maximum Ta = 40.8°C), we recorded the highest (Tb = 40.8°C) but also the lowest (Tb = 32.4°C) Tb ever documented for wild koalas, suggesting that they are more heterothermic than previously recognized. This requires individuals to predict days of extreme Ta from overnight and early morning conditions, adjusting Tb regulation accordingly, and it has never been reported before for koalas. The large diel amplitude and low minimum Tb observed suggest that koalas at our study site are energetically and nutritionally compromised, likely due to their age. Behaviour (i.e. tree hugging and drinking water) was not effective in moderating Tb. These results indicate that Ta and koala Tb are strongly interconnected and reinforce the importance of climate projections for predicting the future persistence of koalas throughout their current distribution. Global climate models forecast that dry, hot weather will continue to escalate and drought events will increase in frequency, duration and severity. This is likely to push koalas and other arboreal folivores towards their thermal limit.
Maternal diet influences fecundity in a freshwater turtle undergoing population decline
Authors: Petrov Kristen , Van Dyke James U , Georges Arthur , Keitel Claudia , Spencer Ricky-John 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Food availability determines the amount of energy animals can acquire and allocate to reproduction and other necessary functions. Female animals that are food limited thus experience reduced energy available for reproduction. When this occurs, females may reduce frequency of reproductive events or the number or size of offspring per reproductive bout. We assessed how maternal diet affects reproductive output in adult female Murray River short-necked turtles, Emydura macquarii, from four wetlands in Victoria. We previously found that turtle diets differ in the composition of plants and animals between our study wetlands. In this study, we tested whether differences in turtle diet composition (i.e. plants and animals) at these wetlands were associated with differences in clutch mass, individual egg mass, bulk egg composition and hatching success. We found total clutch mass increased with maternal body size at each site. At sites where filamentous green algae were scarce and E. macquarii were carnivorous, females produced smaller clutches relative to body size compared to females from sites where algae were abundant, and turtles were more herbivorous. Individual egg mass, bulk egg composition and hatching success did not differ across wetlands. Isotopic analysis revealed significant positive relationships between the carbon and nitrogen isotopes (δ13C, δ15N) of the eggs and those of the mothers, indicating that mothers allocated ratios of carbon and nitrogen isotopes to their eggs similar to those present in their tissues. Our study suggests that at sites where females are more carnivorous due to a relative absence of algae, females produce smaller clutches, but other aspects of their reproduction are not significantly impacted. The reduction in clutch size associated with differences in the availability of dietary plants and animals may have long-term consequences for E. macquarii and other freshwater turtle species that are experiencing population declines.
Consumption of pollen contaminated with field-realistic concentrations of fungicide causes sublethal effects in
Bombus impatiens (Hymenoptera: Apidae) microcolonies
Authors: Runnion Emily N , Strange James P , Sivakoff Frances S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Bumble bees are declining across the globe. The causes of this decline have been attributed to a variety of stressors, including pesticides. Fungicides are a type of pesticide that has been understudied in the context of bumble bee health. As a result, fungicides are often applied to flowering plants without consideration of pollinator exposure. Recent work demonstrates that fungicides have sublethal effects in bumble bees, but little is known about how much fungicide it takes to cause these sublethal effects. To address this gap in the literature, we fed microcolonies of the common eastern bumble bee (Bombus impatiens CressonHymenoptera: ApidaeHymenoptera: ApidaeHymenoptera: ApidaeHymenoptera: Apidae) pollen contaminated with a range of fungicide concentrations. We chose these concentrations based on the range of fungicide concentrations in pollen and nectar that were reported in the literature. Results revealed that later-stage pupae and newly emerged males are potentially sensitive to fungicide exposure, showing smaller size and reduced fat reserves at intermediate levels of contamination. Compared to the control, intermediated levels of fungicide-contaminated pollen led to increased pupal mortality and delayed male emergence. Contrary to expectations, higher fungicide levels did not exhibit a linear relationship with negative impacts, suggesting nuanced effects. Because body size and emergence timing are important aspects of bumble bee reproductive behavior, results have implications for mating success, potentially disrupting colony development.
Genetic assessment of efficacy and safety profiles of coagulation cascade proteins identifies Factors II and XI as actionable anticoagulant targets
Authors: Gagnon Eloi , Girard Arnaud , Bourgault Jérôme , Abner Erik , Gill Dipender , Thériault Sébastien , Vohl Marie-Claude , Tchernof André , Esko Tõnu , Mathieu Patrick , Arsenault Benoit J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Anticoagulants are routinely used by millions of patients worldwide to prevent blood clots. Yet, problems with anticoagulant therapy remain, including a persistent and cumulative bleeding risk in patients undergoing prolonged anticoagulation. New safer anticoagulant targets are needed.

Methods and results
To prioritize anticoagulant targets with the strongest efficacy [venous thromboembolism (VTE) prevention] and safety (low bleeding risk) profiles, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization and genetic colocalization. We leveraged three large-scale plasma protein data sets (deCODE as discovery data set and Fenland and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities as replication data sets] and one liver gene expression data set (Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec bariatric biobank) to evaluate evidence for a causal effect of 26 coagulation cascade proteins on VTE from a new genome-wide association meta-analysis of 44 232 VTE cases and 847 152 controls, stroke subtypes, bleeding outcomes, and parental lifespan as an overall measure of efficacy/safety ratio. A 1 SD genetically predicted reduction in F2 blood levels was associated with lower risk of VTE [odds ratio (OR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.38–0.51, P = 2.6e−28] and cardioembolic stroke risk (OR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.39–0.76, P = 4.2e−04) but not with bleeding (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 0.93–1.36, P = 2.2e−01). Genetically predicted F11 reduction was associated with lower risk of VTE (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.58–0.64, P = 4.1e−85) and cardioembolic stroke (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = 0.69–0.86, P = 4.1e−06) but not with bleeding (OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.95–1.08, P = 7.5e−01). These Mendelian randomization associations were concordant across the three blood protein data sets and the hepatic gene expression data set as well as colocalization analyses.

Conclusion
These results provide strong genetic evidence that F2 and F11 may represent safe and efficacious therapeutic targets to prevent VTE and cardioembolic strokes without substantially increasing bleeding risk.
Association between socioeconomic position and discontinuation of pharmacotherapy for heart failure after cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Frausing Maria Hee Jung Park , Witt Christoffer Tobias , Bakos István , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Løgstrup Brian Bridal , Eiskjær Hans , Nielsen Jens Cosedis , Mols Rikke Elmose 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Pharmacological therapy remains a cornerstone in heart failure (HF) treatment despite the implantation of a cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) device. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between (i) drug discontinuation and (ii) long-term adherence to HF pharmacotherapy after CRT implantation and socioeconomic position and multimorbidity.

Methods and results
We conducted a registry-based cohort study including all patients who underwent a first-time CRT implantation at Aarhus University Hospital from 2000 to 2017. Heart failure pharmacotherapy included beta-blockers (BBs), renin–angiotensin system inhibitors [angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB)], and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs). Patients were identified using the Danish Pacemaker and International Classification for Disease Registry, and information about medication and comorbidities was obtained through linkage to the Danish health registries. We identified 2007 patients, of whom 1880 (94%) were eligible for inclusion. The cumulative incidence of drug discontinuation at 10 years was 6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 5–8%] for BB, 10% (95% CI 9–12%) for ACEI/ARB, and 24% (95% CI 20–27%) for MRAs. Living alone was associated with higher BB discontinuation rates [hazard ratio (HR) 1.83, 95% CI 1.20–2.79], whereas patients with multimorbidity were more likely to discontinue ACEI/ARB (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.33–2.80) and MRA therapy (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.10–2.09). Income and educational level did not influence drug discontinuation rates, and similar adherence patterns were observed across all strata of socioeconomic position and multimorbidity.

Conclusion
In patients with CRTs, drug discontinuation rates were low, and adherence to HF pharmacotherapy was comparable regardless of socioeconomic position. Living alone and multimorbidity were associated with the discontinuation of specific HF drugs.
Effect of genotyping density on the detection of runs of homozygosity and heterozygosity in cattle
Authors: Falchi Laura , Cesarani Alberto , Criscione Andrea , Hidalgo Jorge , Garcia Andre , Mastrangelo Salvatore , Macciotta Nicolò Pietro Paolo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Runs of homozygosity (ROHom) are contiguous stretches of homozygous regions of the genome. In contrast, runs of heterozygosity (ROHet) are heterozygosity-rich regions. The detection of these two types of genomic regions (ROHom and ROHet) is influenced by the parameters involved in their identification and the number of available single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The present study aimed to test the effect of chip density in detecting ROHom and ROHet in the Italian Simmental cattle breed. A sample of 897 animals were genotyped at low density (50k SNP; 397 individuals), medium density (140k SNP; 348 individuals), or high density (800k SNP; 152 individuals). The number of ROHom and ROHet per animal (nROHom and nROHet, respectively) and their average length were calculated. ROHom or ROHet shared by more than one animal and the number of times a particular SNP was inside a run were also computed (SNPROHom and SNPROHet). As the chip density increased, the nROHom increased, whereas their average length decreased. In contrast, the nROHet decreased and the average length increased as the chip density increased. The most repeated ROHom harbored no genes, whereas in the most repeated ROHet four genes (SNRPN, SNURF, UBE3A, and ATP10A) previously associated with reproductive traits were found. Across the 3 datasets, 31 SNP, located on Bos taurus autosome (BTA) 6, and 37 SNP (located on BTA21) exceeded the 99th percentile in the distribution of the SNPROHom and SNPROHet, respectively. The genomic region on BTA6 mapped the SLIT2, PACRGL, and KCNIP4 genes, whereas 19 and 18 genes were mapped on BTA16 and BTA21, respectively. Interestingly, most of genes found through the ROHet analysis were previously reported to be related to health, reproduction, and fitness traits. The results of the present study confirm that the detection of ROHom is more reliable when the chip density increases, whereas the ROHet trend seems to be the opposite. Genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapped in the highlighted regions confirm that ROHet can be due to balancing selection, thus related to fitness traits, health, and reproduction, whereas ROHom are mainly involved in production traits. The results of the present study strengthened the usefulness of these parameters in analyzing the genomes of livestock and their biological meaning.