bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Area prioritising criteria during phased conversion from intermittent to continuous water supply: The case study of Lusaka Water Supply and Sanitation Company, Zambia
Authors: Ncube Theodorah Tania , Nyirenda Edwin , Simukonda Kondwani , Farmani Raziyeh 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Conversion from intermittent to continuous water supply is a recommended approach for improving water supply service to communities. The conversion process is complex and requires huge financial and human resources investments. Because such resources are always limited and cannot be adequately provided at once, phased conversion is encouraged. However, there are challenges with this approach in terms of which areas should be prioritized during the conversion process so that the water supply situation for the unconverted areas is not aggravated. This article uses a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to identify the criteria for prioritising areas to be converted during phased conversion to continuous water supply from a water utility perspective. The Lusaka Water Supply and Sanitation Company is used as a case study. Results show that the financial sustainability of the utility company is the major criterion for selecting an area to be prioritized. In countries like Zambia where tariff structures are such that industries subsidise domestic water consumption and the affluent subsidise water consumed by the poor, prioritising financial sustainability entails giving priority to areas where high revenues are expected. This is synonymous with giving priority to the affluent or the middle-class areas with high densities of water consumers.
Spatiotemporal dynamic of soil erosion in the Roraya River Basin based on RUSLE model and Google Earth Engine
Authors: Aldiansyah Septianto , Wardani Farida 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

The Roraya River Basin is an important water conservation area in Sulawesi. The soil erosion status in this study was investigated using Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) on Google Earth Engine (GEE). Soil erosion modulus, a characteristic of the spatiotemporal variation of soil erosion intensity, is calculated and analyzed from various multi-source data. The research results show that (1) the average soil erosion modulus in the Roraya River Basin in 2001–2021 was 307.22 t · h−1 · year−1. This shows that around 25% of the Roraya River Basin requires soil protection measures as the region faces a significant risk of erosion; (2) the trend in the range of soil erosion in the Roraya River Basin in 2001–2021 tends to vary, initially stable, then decreases and increases significantly with increasing altitude and slope (western plateau). A striking trend occurs in various classes of vegetation cover and rainfall erosivity where the increase in soil erosion is caused by both and this applies in reverse, thus encouraging the dynamic development of soil erosion: (3) RUSLE model integrated into GEE can handle vegetation cover factors and conservation measure factors. This is a reliable soil erosion monitoring tool on a wide scale.
Development of a spatial projection map of glacial retreat based on vulnerability maps in the Central Cordillera, Peru
Authors: Arias Alonso , Núñez Nicolás , Rau Pedro , Venail Patrick 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Increase in average global temperature over the last few decades has caused an accelerated retreat of tropical glaciers. Andean populations live in strict dependence on the water services provided by mountains and glaciers. The present study aims to generate a glacier melt projection map in the Peruvian Central Cordillera based on vulnerability maps over the 1990–2021 period. Seven satellite images were selected to determine the changes in glacier coverage based on normalized indexes. Subsequently, seven parametric maps consisting of terrain and climate characteristics were assimilated into a vulnerability analysis based on the frequency index and the Shannon entropy index model, allowing one to identify areas most susceptible to glacial retreat. The results show that the most important criteria for the southern and northern glacial study areas are surface temperature, elevation, precipitation, aspect, orientation, and slope. The validation results revealed the most accurate set of parameters from the vulnerability map in terms of projecting melting areas and were used to produce a spatial projection map for the period 2021–2055. From 2021, a glacier loss in the range 84–98% would be reached by the 2050s.
Development of New N- and S-substituted-imidazolidin-4-one Analogues with Potent
Anti-breast Cancer Activity: In vitro Molecular Docking Assessment
Authors: Binjawhar Dalal Nasser , Alqahtani Arwa Sultan , Abu Ali Ola A. , Fayad Eman , Al-Salmi Fawziah A. , El-Deen Ibrahim Mohey , Sophy Mohamed Ahmed Elian 
Published: May 2024

:
2-Thioxoimidazolidin-4-one derivatives 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9 have been synthesized from 3-
(benzylideneamino)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one (2) as a starting material. Compounds 3, 4, 7, 8, and 9 were
obtained via the reaction of compound (2) with ethyl chloroacetate, methyl acrylate, and chlorophenacyl bromide,
respectively. Elemental analysis and several spectroscopy techniques were used to confirm the synthesized
compounds. The synthesized compounds, particularly compounds 7 and 8, exhibited significant cytotoxic
influences on MCF-7 cells, surpassing staurosporine. Compounds 7 and 8 can induce apoptosis in those treated
MCF-7 cells. Studying molecular docking approved that compounds 7 and 8 bind in two and three dimensions
to the aromatase binding pockets. Molecular modeling indicates compounds 7 and 8 have a strong affinity for
human topoisomerase II beta, establishing its promise as a multifaceted antitumor agent for breast cancer.
Carboxylic Acids in the Synthesis of Chemicals for Addressing Flow Assurance
Challenges in Offshore Petroleum Production
Authors: Ortiz Ronald W.P. , Maravilha Tatiana S.L. , Belati Allan , Bispo Felipe J.S. , Manoel Evelin A. , Oliveira Gonçalves Vinicius O. , Kartnaller Vinicius , Cajaiba João 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Flow assurance encompasses the technical challenges of transporting hydrocarbon
mixtures from the reservoir to the platform and refineries. Challenges in flow assurance
include gas hydrate plugs, deposition of paraffin wax, asphaltenes, naphthenates, scale, and
corrosion. Managing these deposits incurs high costs due to production interruptions and
remediation operations like pigging, solvent injection, acid dissolutions, and thermal treatments.
Therefore, prevention methods, such as the use of chemicals that inhibit deposit
formation, are preferred. This review consolidates scientific works highlighting the role of
carboxylic acids in the synthesis of chemicals for addressing flow assurance challenges as
starting materials or final products for direct use. These organic compounds are already
employed for the mild remediation of scale and naphthenate deposits and inhibiting gas
hydrate, paraffin wax, asphaltene, scale deposits, and corrosion. Moreover, they play a crucial role in developing
green flow assurance challenges inhibitors, given that some, like fatty acids, amino acids, and aromatic carboxylic
acids, can be derived from natural sources. The presence of the carboxylic acid group in polymers and biopolymers
is also essential for the effectiveness of these products as inhibitors. The literature further suggests
that carboxylic acids will play a key role in the future development of simultaneous gas hydrate, corrosion, and
scale inhibitors.
The Effect of a Discharge Education Program on Mother’s Preparedness for Late-Preterm Infants Discharged from the NICU: A Quasi-Experimental Study Protocol
Authors: Almomani Jumana , Abdel Razeq Nadin M. , Khalaf Inaam 
Published: May 2024

Background
Home care of late preterm infants (LPIs) can be challenging for mothers after hospital discharge because they are more vulnerable than full-term infants and experience higher hospital admission rates.

Purpose
This study aims to determine the effect of a thorough and collaborative discharge education program offered by a nurse to mothers of LPIs. The program focuses on the mother’s preparedness (self-efficacy and readiness) to care for their LPIs at home after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.

Methods
A quasi-experimental design will be applied in a large, accredited referral NICU in Jordan. Two groups of mothers will be enrolled using convenience sampling. The experimental group will receive the designed pre-discharge education, and the comparison group will receive routine discharge instructions for LPI care at home. The outcome will measure a mother’s self-efficacy and readiness to care for their LPI at home. Data will be compared within and between the groups before and after the intervention. An independent and paired sample t-test will be used for analysis.

Results/Discussion
This study will be conducted on the notion that educating mothers is a principal role for neonatal nurses and helps improve the quality of healthcare services provided to parents of vulnerable infants.

Implications for Nursing
The study findings will provide insight into national and global neonatal nursing practices through a thorough discharge education program for mothers with LPIs.

Conclusion
Publishing a research protocol encourages research transparency and allows the exchange of methodological insights and feedback between academic and clinical communities.
Current Trends in the Development of International Business in the Energy Sector in the Russian Federation
Authors: Kuzmina V. M. , Parkhomchuk M. A. , Zelenina A. A. 
Published: May 2024

The relevance of the study is related to the importance of the export of Russian energy raw materials to world markets, and even in the face of sanctions pressure, the investment attractiveness of this sector of the economy does not lose its importance in the eyes of foreign partners.The purpose is to analyze trends in the development of international business in the energy sector of the Russian Federation.Objectives: analyze the current state of logistics orientations for the export of Russian energy raw materials; to show the investment attractiveness of the Russian energy market for foreign partners.Methodology. The works of domestic and foreign specialists were used as initial theoretical materials. International business and its development in the energy sector are analyzed within the framework of the Triple Embeddedness Framework (TEF). The information base is represented by statistical data from Worldtradelaw, materials from the Official Website of the International Trade Administration, the Competence Center for Interaction with International Organizations (Globalcentre), the Ministry of Energy and the Central Bank of Russia, and energy companies of the Russian Federation.Results. It has been proven that due to the difficult geopolitical situation and sanctions pressure, the Russian energy business experienced some investment difficulties, but quickly regained its influence and again began to attract significant amounts of foreign direct investment.Conclusions. Promising areas of business cooperation in the energy sector for Russia are the UAE, Vietnam as a potential future importer of LNG, China, which today accounts for the bulk of Russia's total energy trade, and other East Asian countries.
Collaborations as an Innovative Marketing Tool
Authors: Polzunova N. N. , Ryabova D. O. 
Published: May 2024

Relevance. At the present stage of economic development, collaborations are gaining relevance, which are considered as a marketing and social tool. In 2023, this is a real trend both among local brands and among brands with a global level. This is a way to stand out from the competition and promote a product or service unobtrusively and creatively. Also, the popularity of this tool is added by the lack of binding to any of the types of marketing. It can be argued that collaboration is characterized by universality.The purpose of this topic is to determine the conditions for creating a successful collaboration. Objectives. To achieve it, the tasks are set: to consider the concept of collaboration as an innovative tool, the history of its appearance as a marketing tool, the differences between collaborations and affiliate marketing, types of collaborations, successful and unsuccessful cases, to analyze the successful collaboration of the Laviani Cosmetology and Natural Beauty Center and the Twine Fitness and Stretching studio ShpagettyMethodology. The main research methods used were theoretical – the study of statistical data, research conducted in this area, theoretical training materials on the topic under consideration, practical experience in conducting such campaigns – and empirical – conducting a collaboration and its analysis after completion.Results. As a result, the rules for organizing a successful collaboration were derived and a conclusion was made about the capabilities of the marketing tool in question. Conclusions. Collaborations are an innovative way to attract a new audience, the essence of which is the creative presentation of a fundamentally new product, which is the result of cooperation between two companies with the same values. Despite the long history, collaborations in the form in which they exist now can be called an innovative marketing tool.
The Economic Aspect of the Importance of a Balanced Diet: Reducing the Burden On Healthcare
Authors: Masterova S. N. 
Published: May 2024

Relevance. The study of a balanced diet of the population is relevant at the present time, since a healthy diet is one of the key factors affecting human health and preventing the development of many diseases. It is also important to maintain optimal physical and mental health, increase productivity and improve quality of life. Malnutrition and obesity increase health care costs because more resources are needed to treat related diseases. This puts pressure on health budgets and may worsen the availability of medical care for other patients.The purpose of the study is to assess the economic aspect of the importance of a balanced diet.Objectives Objectives: to study the essence and main criteria of a balanced diet; to identify health problems associated with an unbalanced diet of the population; to consider the increase in the number of obese patients as a health problem.Methodology. The methodological basis of the study was the idea that there is a connection between a balanced diet of the population and the burden on the country's health care. Results. The analysis carried out in the work showed that malnutrition and obesity increase health care costs, since more resources are needed to treat diseases related to these problems. This puts pressure on health budgets and may worsen the availability of medical care for other patients. Conclusions. A balanced diet can lead to lower health care costs by reducing the risk of developing chronic diseases such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This can lead to lower healthcare costs for individuals and society as a whole. In addition, a balanced diet can increase productivity and reduce absenteeism in the workplace. When people eat right, they are less prone to fatigue, illness and other diseases that can affect their ability to work effectively. This can lead to increased productivity and economic growth.
Medical Information Protection in Internet Hospital Apps in China: Scale Development and Content Analysis
Authors: Jiang Jiayi , Zheng Zexing 
Published: May 2024

Background
Hospital apps are increasingly being adopted in many countries, especially since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Web-based hospitals can provide valuable medical services and enhanced accessibility. However, increasing concerns about personal information (PI) and strict legal compliance requirements necessitate privacy assessments for these platforms. Guided by the theory of contextual integrity, this study investigates the regulatory compliance of privacy policies for internet hospital apps in the mainland of China.

Objective
In this paper, we aim to evaluate the regulatory compliance of privacy policies of internet hospital apps in the mainland of China and offer recommendations for improvement.

Methods
We obtained 59 internet hospital apps on November 7, 2023, and reviewed 52 privacy policies available between November 8 and 23, 2023. We developed a 3-level indicator scale based on the information processing activities, as stipulated in relevant regulations. The scale comprised 7 level-1 indicators, 26 level-2 indicators, and 70 level-3 indicators.

Results
The mean compliance score of the 52 assessed apps was 73/100 (SD 22.4%), revealing a varied spectrum of compliance. Sensitive PI protection compliance (mean 73.9%, SD 24.2%) lagged behind general PI protection (mean 90.4%, SD 14.7%), with only 12 apps requiring separate consent for processing sensitive PI (mean 73.9%, SD 24.2%). Although most apps (n=41, 79%) committed to supervising subcontractors, only a quarter (n=13, 25%) required users’ explicit consent for subcontracting activities. Concerning PI storage security (mean 71.2%, SD 29.3%) and incident management (mean 71.8%, SD 36.6%), half of the assessed apps (n=27, 52%) committed to bear corresponding legal responsibility, whereas fewer than half (n=24, 46%) specified the security level obtained. Most privacy policies stated the PI retention period (n=40, 77%) and instances of PI deletion or anonymization (n=41, 79%), but fewer (n=20, 38.5%) committed to prompt third-party PI deletion. Most apps delineated various individual rights, but only a fraction addressed the rights to obtain copies (n=22, 42%) or to refuse advertisement based on automated decision-making (n=13, 25%). Significant deficiencies remained in regular compliance audits (mean 11.5%, SD 37.8%), impact assessments (mean 13.5%, SD 15.2%), and PI officer disclosure (mean 48.1%, SD 49.3%).

Conclusions
Our analysis revealed both strengths and significant shortcomings in the compliance of internet hospital apps’ privacy policies with relevant regulations. As China continues to implement internet hospital apps, it should ensure the informed consent of users for PI processing activities, enhance compliance levels of relevant privacy policies, and fortify PI protection enforcement across the information processing stages.
Shifting Grounds—Facilitating Self-Care in Testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections Through the Use of Self-Test Technology: Qualitative Study
Authors: Trettin Bettina , Skjøth Mette Maria , Munk Nadja Trier , Vestergaard Tine , Nielsen Charlotte 
Published: May 2024

Background
Chlamydia remains prevalent worldwide and is considered a global public health problem. However, testing rates among young sexually active people remain low. Effective clinical management relies on screening asymptomatic patients. However, attending face-to-face consultations of testing for sexually transmitted infections is associated with stigmatization and anxiety. Self-testing technology (STT) allows patients to test themselves for chlamydia and gonorrhea without the presence of health care professionals. This may result in wider access to testing and increase testing uptake. Therefore, the sexual health clinic at Odense University Hospital has designed and developed a technology that allows patients to get tested at the clinic through self-collected sampling without a face-to-face consultation.

Objective
This study aimed to (1) pilot-test STT used in clinical practice and (2) investigate the experiences of patients who have completed a self-test for chlamydia and gonorrhea.

Methods
The study was conducted as a qualitative study inspired by the methodology of participatory design. Ethnographic methods were applied in the feasibility study and the data analyzed were inspired by the action research spiral in iterative processes using steps, such as plan, act, observe, and reflect. The qualitative evaluation study used semistructured interviews and data were analyzed using a qualitative 3-level analytical model.

Results
The findings from the feasibility study, such as lack of signposting and adequate information, led to the final modifications of the self-test technology and made it possible to implement it in clinical practice. The qualitative evaluation study found that self-testing was seen as more appealing than testing at a face-to-face consultation because it was an easy solution that both saved time and allowed for the freedom to plan the visit independently. Security was experienced when the instructions balanced between being detail-oriented while also being simple and illustrative. The anonymity and discretion contributed to preserving privacy and removed the fear of an awkward conversation or being judged by health care professionals thus leading to the reduction of intrusive feelings.

Conclusions
Accessible health care services are crucial in preventing and reducing the impact of sexually transmitted infections and STT may have the potential to increase testing uptake as it takes into account some of the barriers that exist. The pilot test and evaluation have resulted in a fully functioning implementation of STT in clinical practice.
Key Characteristics and Perception of Different Outbreak Surveillance Systems in Côte d’Ivoire: Cross-Sectional Survey Among Users
Authors: Palmeirim Marta S , Houngbedji Clarisse A , Barth-Jaeggi Tanja , Kouamé Jean-Pierre Y , Krouman Aboubakar , Coulibaly Daouda , Wyss Kaspar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Accurate and timely infectious disease surveillance is pivotal for effective public health responses. An important component of this is the disease surveillance tools used. Understanding views and experiences of users is crucial for informing policy decisions and ensuring the seamless functioning of surveillance systems.

Objective
In this study, we aimed to assess the user perceptions of 3 disease surveillance tools used in Côte d’Ivoire, namely, MAGPI, District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2), and Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS), the latter was implemented in 2021 within a pilot scheme.

Methods
We conducted interviews and a web-based survey distributed to users of the 3 surveillance tools. The survey assessed users’ views of the surveillance tools’ usefulness, ease of use, feelings toward the tool, conditions that may influence the use, and other characteristics. The descriptive analysis compared responses from SORMAS, MAGPI, and DHIS2 users, providing a comprehensive evaluation of their experiences.

Results
Among the 159 respondents who actively use one of the systems, MAGPI was the most widely used surveillance tool among respondents (n=127, 79.9%), followed by DHIS2 (n=108, 67.9%), and SORMAS (n=25, 15.7%). In terms of users’ perceptions, SORMAS, despite its limited implementation, emerged as a tool that allows for data analysis and had the most comprehensive set of functionalities. DHIS2 was appreciated for its frequency of report provision, although users reported occasional IT system failures. MAGPI was recognized for its ease of use but was reported to lack certain functionalities offered by the other surveillance systems.

Conclusions
This study offers valuable insights into the perceptions of disease surveillance tools users in Côte d’Ivoire. While all systems were positively regarded, each exhibited strengths and weaknesses addressing different needs and functionalities. Policy makers and health officials can use these findings to enhance existing tools or consider a unified approach for infectious disease surveillance systems. Understanding users’ perspectives allows them to optimize the choice of surveillance tools, ultimately strengthening public health responses in Côte d’Ivoire and potentially serving as a model for other countries facing similar decisions in their health care systems.