bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successive stamen movement in Saxifraga candelabrum is responsive to weather and pollinator visits
Authors: Luo Yumei , Xie Jiming , Zhu Lin , Dai Can 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Successive stamen movement is a complex plant behavior involving successive uplift of stamens and pollen release, which plays a role in reducing sexual interference, increasing pollen deposition and promoting pollen export. Although reported from several taxa, studies on whether the movement can be influenced by abiotic and biotic factors are scarce.

Methods
In this study, we here for the first time described a pattern of successive stamen movement in Saxifraga candelabrum (Saxifragaceae). We then compared the rates of stamen movement in S. candelabrum under different weather and varying pollinator visits. Pollen packaging and presentation schedule of S. candelabrum were also investigated.

Results
The results showed that the number of stamens bent per day in sunny days was significantly higher than overcast and rain. Flowers that receive more pollinator visits (control treatment) had significantly higher number of stamen movement than those that received fewer (removal treatment) and none (bagging treatment). Throughout the staminate phase of a flower, there was a progressive increase in both pollen quantity of individual stamens and pollen presentation during each day.

Conclusion
Our research demonstrates that successive stamen movement in S. candelabrum was accelerated by favorable weather and increased pollinator visits, which may promote pollen export. Moreover, incremental pollen packaging is likely an adaptation to seasonal regularity in variations of sex ratio resulting from protandry.
Mitochondrial alterations in fibroblasts from sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients correlate with AD-related clinical hallmarks
Authors: Eysert Fanny , Kinoshita Paula-Fernanda , Lagarde Julien , Lacas-Gervais Sandra , Xicota Laura , Dorothée Guillaume , Bottlaender Michel , Checler Frédéric , Potier Marie-Claude , Sarazin Marie , Chami Mounia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunctions are key features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The occurrence of these disturbances in the peripheral cells of AD patients and their potential correlation with disease progression are underinvestigated. We studied mitochondrial structure, function and mitophagy in fibroblasts from healthy volunteers and AD patients at the prodromal (AD-MCI) or demented (AD-D) stages. We carried out correlation studies with clinical cognitive scores, namely, (i) Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and (ii) Dementia Rating-Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SOB), and with (iii) amyloid beta (Aβ) plaque burden (PiB-PET imaging) and (iv) the accumulation of peripheral amyloid precursor protein C-terminal fragments (APP-CTFs). We revealed alterations in mitochondrial structure as well as specific mitochondrial dysfunction signatures in AD-MCI and AD-D fibroblasts and revealed that defective mitophagy and autophagy are linked to impaired lysosomal activity in AD-D fibroblasts. We reported significant correlations of a subset of these dysfunctions with cognitive decline, AD-related clinical hallmarks and peripheral APP-CTFs accumulation. This study emphasizes the potential use of peripheral cells for investigating AD pathophysiology.
Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase synergistically improve the fiber transformation rate in Sesbania cannabina and sweet sorghum mixed silage
Authors: Xia Tianqi , Tahir Muhammad , Wang Tianwei , Wang Yudong , Zhang Xiumin , Liu Shanji , Teng Kunling , Fu Zhihui , Yun Fangfei , Wang Siyue , Jin Sijie , Hu Jiachen , Zhong Jin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Elucidating the mechanism of fiber transformation underlying microbial metabolism is critical for improving fiber-rich silage digestibility and preserving silage energy for ruminant nutrient absorption. However, few studies have combined quantitative microbial function and transformation products in silage to explain this mechanism. Here, we constructed a workflow to detect the substrates and products of fiber transformation in mixed silage of Sesbania cannabina and sweet sorghum (SS) and combined the absolute quantification 16S rRNA sequencing to reveal this mechanism.

Results
The synergistic effect of Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase (LC) simplified the microbial diversity and minimized the microbial quantity, making Lentilactobacillus buchneri the dominant species in SS silage. As a result, the LC-treated silage had greater lactic acid content, lower pH value, and less NH3-N content. The indigestible fibers were significantly decreased due to the synergistic effect of the Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase. Changes in microbial structure during ensiling also resulted in metabolic alterations. The increased levels of microbial enzymes, including β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, involved in starch and sucrose metabolism led to the enrichment of monosaccharides (including glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, ribose, rhamnose, and arabinose) in the LC-treated silage. We found that L. buchneri was positively associated with β-glucosidase and sucrose phosphorylase, reflecting the crucial contribution of L. buchneri to fiber decomposition in SS silage.

Conclusion
Using an absolute quantitative microbiome, we found that LC treatment decreased the microbial biomass in SS silage, which in turn promoted the energy preservation in the SS silage. The cooperative interaction of the Lactobacillus cocktail and cellulase improved the fiber decomposition and in vitro dry matter digestibility rate by changing the microbiome structure and function in the SS silage, providing guidance and support for future fiber-rich silage production in the saline-alkaline region.

Graphical Abstract
Association between roxadustat use and suppression of thyroid function: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Nakano Yuki , Mitsuboshi Satoru , Tada Kazuhiro , Masutani Kosuke 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Based on several case reports and observational studies, there is a growing concern regarding the potential association between roxadustat, a hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl-hydroxylase inhibitor, and suppression of thyroid function. In this systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD42023471516), we aimed to evaluate the relationship between roxadustat use and suppression of thyroid function.

Methods
We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE via PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases using the search term “roxadustat” to identify all relevant studies. The study population comprised adults with renal anemia who participated in a randomized controlled trial or observational study, with roxadustat as the intervention and a placebo or erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) as the comparator. The primary outcome was suppression of thyroid function and the secondary outcome was hypothyroidism. A meta-analysis was conducted using the DerSimonian–Laird random effects model based on the size of the intention-to-treat population, and the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Two reviewers independently screened the articles, extracted data, and assessed studies using the ROBINS-I tool.

Results
Of the six studies eligible for inclusion, a meta-analysis was performed using data from two observational studies comparing roxadustat and ESA. The meta-analysis showed that the incidence of suppression of thyroid function was significantly higher with roxadustat use than with ESA use (OR: 6.45; 95% CI: 3.39–12.27; I2 = 12%). Compared with ESA, roxadustat seemed to potentially increase the risk for suppression of thyroid function in patients with renal anemia.

Conclusions
Our findings highlighted the importance of monitoring thyroid function in patients treated with roxadustat. The results of this review may enhance the safety of using roxadustat to treat renal anemia through advance recognition of the risk for suppression of thyroid function.
Dynamics, diversity, and roles of bacterial transmission modes during the first asexual life stages of the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris
Authors: Paix Benoit , van der Valk Elodie , de Voogd Nicole J. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sponge-associated bacteria play important roles in the physiology of their host, whose recruitment processes are crucial to maintain symbiotic associations. However, the acquisition of bacterial communities within freshwater sponges is still under explored. Spongilla lacustris is a model sponge widely distributed in European rivers and lakes, producing dormant cysts (named gemmules) for their asexual reproduction, before winter. Through an in vitro experiment, this study aims to describe the dynamics of bacterial communities and their transmission modes following the hatching of these gemmules.

Results
An overall change of bacterial β-diversity was observed through the ontology of the juvenile sponges. These temporal differences were potentially linked, first to the osculum acquisition and the development of a canal system, and then, the increasing colonization of the Chlorella-like photosymbionts. Gemmules hatching with a sterilized surface were found to have a more dispersed and less diverse microbiome, revealing the importance of gemmule epibacteria for the whole holobiont stability. These epibacteria were suggested to be vertically transmitted from the maternal tissues to the gemmule surface. Vertical transmission through the incorporation of bacterial communities inside of the gemmule, was also found as a dominant transmission mode, especially with the nitrogen fixers Terasakiellaceae. Finally, we showed that almost no ASVs were shared between the free-living community and the juveniles, suggesting that horizontal recruitment is unlikely to happen during the first stages of development. However, the free-living bacteria filtered are probably used as a source of nutrients, allowing an enrichment of copiotrophic bacteria already present within its microbiome.

Conclusions
This study brings new insight for a better understanding of the microbiome acquisition during the first stages of freshwater sponge development. We showed the importance of epibacterial communities on gemmules for the whole holobiont stability, and demonstrated the near absence of recruitment of free-living bacteria during the first stages.
Improving symptom management for survivors of young adult cancer: rationale and study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dorfman Caroline S. , Shelby Rebecca A. , Stalls Juliann M. , Thomas Samantha M. , Arrato Nicole A. , Herold Brianna , Somers Tamara J. , Keefe Francis J. , Winger Joseph G. , Vilardaga Jennifer Plumb , Oeffinger Kevin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Young adult (YA) cancer survivors are a growing, yet underserved population who often face significant and long-lasting cancer-related physical (e.g., pain, fatigue) and emotional (e.g., psychological distress) symptoms. Post-treatment symptoms can persist, disrupting YA’s abilities to complete goals consistent with their developmental stage (e.g., completing their education, achieving autonomy and independence, building their careers, establishing peer and romantic relationships, building their families). While symptom management has been identified as a significant issue in YA’s transitions to survivorship, the symptom management needs of this population largely go unmet.

Methods
We developed an eight-session, group-based behavioral intervention that is delivered using videoconferencing to address the unique symptom management needs of YA cancer survivors. The intervention was developed in conjunction with YA survivors, leading to the novel combination of traditional behavioral symptom coping strategies, home-based physical activity, strategies from contemporary cognitive-behavioral approaches (e.g., those derived from acceptance and commitment therapy, strategies to foster self-compassion), concepts from meaning centered psychotherapy, and behavioral strategies to improve communication and health care engagement. Participants receive printed intervention materials and access to a study-specific mobile application, both of which are used throughout the program. Herein, we report on a pilot study that is in progress. Recruitment has been completed. YA cancer survivors were recruited in cohorts of n = 10 or n = 11 (n = 61) and randomized to the intervention or waitlist control arms. All participants completed a baseline assessment and four additional assessments over 1 year, with each involving a battery of self-report measures.

Discussion
The primary objective is to evaluate intervention feasibility and acceptability. As a secondary objective, we will examine patterns of change in intervention targets (i.e., pain, fatigue, emotional distress, symptom interference). Changes from baseline among intervention targets will be estimated for each patient and compared between arms using unadjusted statistical testing. Unadjusted and adjusted multilevel modeling will be used to estimate the effect of the intervention on changes in intervention targets. Interaction models will be used to compare the trajectory of change over time between arms. We expect that this pilot trial will inform our future approach to identify, recruit, and retain participants and provide preliminary data to support a larger, fully powered randomized controlled trial evaluating the intervention.

Trial registration
NCT04035447 at clinicaltrials.gov; registered July 29, 2019.
Biological control of Aspergillus flavus infection and growth promotion of peanut seedlings by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Levilactobacillus brevis
Authors: Nguyen Quoc-Duy , Do Anh Duy 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Aspergillus spp. infection might induce negative effects on peanut seeds, including decreased germination rates and suppressed seedling vigor. Furthermore, A. flavus can secret aflatoxin, regarding food safety and human health. The prolonged use of fungicides for treating mold infections has raised concerns regarding the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains, environmental pollution, and adverse effects on human health. The usage of lactic acid bacteria, including Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Levilactobacillus brevis for the management of plant diseases, has garnered increasing attention in recent years as a viable alternative to chemical-based therapies. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of LABs in pre-treating peanut seeds as a biological solution against A. flavus infection before cultivation.

Results
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Levilactobacillus brevis have demonstrated the ability to suppress A. flavus in vitro. In the in vivo investigation, pre-treatment of peanut seeds with cell-free supernatant derived from L. plantarum (LP-CFS) and L. brevis (LB-CFS) significantly reduced A. flavus infection levels. The conidial count decreased from 8.63 log conidia/g in the untreated group to 5.35 log conidia/g with LP-CFS treatment and 4.59 log conidia/g with LB-CFS treatment. Additionally, A. flavus infection reduced the germination rate of peanut seeds to only 20.4% compared to 63.6% in the control group. In comparison, pre-treatment with LP-CFS and LB-CFS increased the germination rate to 75.6% and 76.8%, respectively, and further improved the vigor index in A. flavus-infected peanut seeds.

Conclusion
The present findings indicated that bioactive compounds derived from L. plantarum and L. brevis emerge as promising candidates for treating peanut seeds, effectively protecting them against A. flavus infection. Moreover, these compounds facilitate the growth of seedlings, which could be a potential alternative to chemical fungicides, and contribute to sustainable agricultural development.
Value of zonulin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in different degrees of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: ElGhandour Ahmed Mohamed , Bayoumy Essam Mohammed , Sayed Moataz Mohammed , Eskandaros Moheb Sharaby , Emam Abdelmomen Momen Mohamed , Teama Nahla Mohamed , Mohamed Manal Sabry , El-Gaaly Sonya Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a group of hepatic disorders ranging between simple form of accumulation of fat in hepatocytes (hepatic steatosis) and inflammation of liver internal tissues and injury of hepatocytes that is known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with increasing levels of fibrosis and cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The composition of one’s gut microbiota has a role in both the onset and progression of chronic liver disorders. One indicator of intestinal permeability is zonulin. In this study, we aimed to detect the value of zonulin as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in patients with different degrees of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis).
This case–control study was conducted on 60 subjects in Gastroenterology and Bariatric Surgery Departments at Ain Shams University Hospitals who were divided into 3 groups: Group A: 20 patients underwent bariatric surgery and have mild NASH, Group B: 20 patients underwent bariatric surgery and have moderate-to-severe NASH, and Group C: 20 healthy controls, during a period 1 of year.

Results
There was high statistically significant difference between the studied groups; as regard zonulin concentration, zonulin showed high diagnostic accuracy in diagnosis of NASH among hepatic patients with total accuracy of 81.7%, sensitivity of 72.5%, and specificity of 100.

Conclusion
Serum zonulin levels increase with steatosis severity in patients with NAFLD. This explains the high diagnostic accuracy of zonulin in diagnosis and prognosis of NASH among patients.
CFD analysis in effects of spacer-vane on thermal–hydraulic performance of two-phase flow in annular channel
Authors: Dhurandhar Satish Kumar , Sinha S. L. , Verma Shashi Kant 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSpacer performs a key function in the construction of nuclear rod assembly. It is utilized to ensure the appropriate spacing and firmness of the rods in assembly. In rod bundle structures, spacers are typically incorporated with vanes to promote turbulence and improve heat transfer. The aim of this work is to analyze the impacts of spacer-vane on the thermal–hydraulic performance of two-phase flow in an annular channel. CFD model of an upward flow annular channel with spacer-vane has been developed. In addition, an annular channel model with a spacer but without vane has been generated and modeled in order to examine the impact of the spacer-vane in a two-phase flow. Transient simulations were performed with flow considerations of mass flux 714.4 kg/m2s, liquid temperature 330 K, volume fraction 0.35, heat flux 197.2 kW/m2, and atmospheric pressure conditions. CFD results have been validated with experimental data. Results show that the core zone of the annulus gap exhibits the highest level of turbulent intensity, and the outer pipe wall temperature is lower for spacer-vane relative to spacer alone. It is observed that the majority of water vapor is concentrated at the center of the channel in the farthest downstream location.
Microwave Scissors-Based Sutureless Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy Versus Conventional Open Partial Nephrectomy in a Porcine Model: Usefulness and Complications
Authors: Nguyen Ha Ngoc , Yamada Atsushi , Naka Shigeyuki , Murakami Koichiro , Tani Soichiro , Tani Tohru 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the benefits and safety of microwave scissors-based sutureless laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (MSLPN) with those of conventional open partial nephrectomy (cOPN).

Methods
Each kidney in nine pigs underwent MSLPN using microwave scissors (MWS) via transperitoneal laparoscopy or cOPN via retroperitoneal open laparotomy. The kidney’s lower and upper poles were resected under temporary hilar-clamping. The renal calyces exposed during renal resections were sealed and transected using MWS in MSLPN and were sutured in cOPN. For MWS, the generator’s power output was 60 W. Data on procedure time (PT), ischemic time (IT), blood loss (BL), normal nephron loss (NNL), and extravasation during retrograde pyelogram were compared between the two techniques.

Results
The authors successfully performed 22 MSLPNs and 10 cOPNs. Compared with cOPN, MSLPN was associated with significantly lower PT (median, 9.2 vs 13.0 min; p = 0.026), IT (median, 5.9 vs 9.0 min; p < 0.001), BL (median, 14.4 vs 38.3 mL; p = 0.043), and NNL (median, 7.6 vs 9.4 mm; p = 0.004). However, the extravasation rate was higher in the MSLPN group than in the cOPN group (54.5 % [n = 12] vs 30.0 % [n = 3]), albeit without a significant difference (p = 0.265). Pelvic stenosis occurred in one MSLPN procedure that involved deep lower pole resection near the kidney hilum.

Conclusions
The study data show that MSLPN can improve intraoperative outcomes while reducing technical demands for selected patients with non-hilar-localized renal tumors. However, renal calyces, if violated, should be additionally sutured to prevent urine leakage.
Exploring the sustainable impacts of a clinical healthcare research scholarship programme
Authors: Whitehouse Claire L , Hall Helen , Shiju Mehar , Webster Jonathan , Yazbek Jonathan , Parslow-Williams Siobhan 
Published: June 2024

Background: The NHS is the first public body globally to commit to net zero. Aim: This study aimed to explore the environmental sustainability impact of a hospital scholarship programme. Method: A sustainable quality improvement value framework was used to measure the programme's environmental, social and financial effects. Results: The social impact through face-to-face contact was most valued by scholars; there were also savings in carbon emissions and costs. Discussion: Training in sustainability is essential for the workforce but little infrastructure and expertise are available within organisations to support staff to provide sustainable healthcare in day-to-day practice. Conclusion: Sustainable healthcare should be supported by education and national guidance and implementation plans should be drawn up to this end. The social impact of the framework used is often seen as less important than its environmental and financial components; however, as its value to scholars illustrates, the components are intertwined and should be considered of equal importance.