bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FcγRIIB regulation of BCR/TLR‐dependent autoreactive B‐cell responses
Authors: Avalos Ana M. , Uccellini Melissa B. , Lenert Petar , Viglianti Gregory A. , Marshak‐Rothstein Ann 
Published: July 2010

AbstractCrosslinking of Fc γ receptor II B (FcγRIIB) and the BCR by immune complexes (IC) can downregulate antigen‐specific B‐cell responses. Accordingly, FcγRIIB deficiencies have been associated with B‐cell hyperactivity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and mouse models of lupus. However, we have previously shown that murine IgG2a‐autoreactive AM14 B cells respond robustly to chromatin‐associated IC through a mechanism dependent on both the BCR and the endosomal TLR9, despite FcγRIIB coexpression. To further evaluate the potential contribution of FcγRIIB to the regulation of autoreactive B cells, we have now compared the IC‐triggered responses of FcγRIIB‐deficient and FcγRIIB‐sufficient AM14 B cells. We find that FcγRIIB‐deficient cells respond significantly better than FcγRIIB‐sufficient cells when stimulated with DNA IC that incorporate low‐affinity TLR9 ligand (CG‐poor dsDNA fragments). AM14 B cells also respond to RNA‐associated IC through BCR/TLR7 coengagement, but such BCR/TLR7‐dependent responses are normally highly dependent on IFN‐α costimulation. However, we now show that AM14 FcγRIIB−/− B cells are very effectively activated by RNA IC without supplemental IFN‐α priming. These results demonstrate that FcγRIIB can effectively modulate both BCR/TLR9 and BCR/TLR7 endosomal‐dependent activation of autoreactive B cells.
Increased CD127 expression on activated FOXP3+CD4+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Simonetta Federico , Chiali Amel , Cordier Corinne , Urrutia Alejandra , Girault Isabelle , Bloquet Stéphane , Tanchot Corinne , Bourgeois Christine 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRegulatory T cells (Treg) are commonly identified by CD25 (IL‐2Rα) surface expression and/or intracellular expression of the FOXP3 transcription factor. In addition, Treg are also characterized by low CD127 (IL‐7Rα) expression when compared to conventional T cells and their biology in the periphery is considered essentially independent of IL‐7. We further investigated CD127 expression on Treg and we demonstrated differential CD127 expression depending on Treg subsets considered. Notably, we observed high CD127 expression on inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS)‐ and CD103‐expressing Treg subsets. Since these two markers reflect activation status, we addressed whether Treg activation modulated CD127 expression. We demonstrated that in contrast to conventional T cells, Treg significantly upregulated CD127 expression during in vitro and in vivo activation using adoptive transfer and contact dermatitis models. High CD127 expression on Treg was also predominantly detected ex vivo in some specific sites, notably bone marrow and skin. Importantly, higher CD127 expression on Treg correlated with higher phosphorylation of STAT5 upon IL‐7 exposure. High CD127 expression on Treg also provided survival advantage upon in vitro incubation with IL‐7. We thus demonstrated that low CD127 expression is not an intrinsic characteristic of Treg and we identified activated Treg as a potential target of endogenous or therapeutic IL‐7.
Rhamnolipids: Production in bacteria other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Toribio Jeiry , Escalante Ana E. , Soberón‐Chávez Gloria 
Published: July 2010

AbstractRhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most studied biosurfactants due to their potential applications in a wide variety of industries and the high levels of their production. However, even though these biosurfactants are already produced at an industrial scale, the fact that P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen impose a restriction for its large scale production due to the intrinsic health hazard of the process. Other bacterial species that have been reported to be rhamnolipid producers are the pathogens Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei, and recently the non‐pathogenic B. thailandensis. This short review presents information on rhamnolipid production by bacteria different from P. aeruginosa, as well as some approaches that have been taken to produce rhamnolipids using non‐pathogenic bacteria by genetic engineering of different bacteria. The low frequency of occurrence of rhamnolipid production among natural isolates that are not P. aeruginosa or Burkholderia, as well as the absence of orthologs of the genes involved in rhamnolipid synthesis (rhl genes) among the hundreds of sequenced bacterial genomes, suggest that the rare reported cases of these type of rhamnolipid‐producing bacteria have acquired this trait through horizontal gene transfer either from P. aeruginosa or from a member of Burkholderia.
Fish oil – from the bad and the ugly to the precious and good
Authors: Bockisch Michael 
Published: July 2010

AbstractFish oil has since long been one of the basic nutrients for many people in the far northern hemisphere. When ships began to travel the open oceans independent from weather conditions, fish oil became a cheap replacement for vegetable oils in many products. Native fish oil was mainly consumed for its vitamin content, as its sensory quality could not match any consumer expectation. The development in medical and nutritional science made the close relationship between health and long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids more apparent. First findings evolved half a decade ago from observations with Greenland Inuit. These findings were mainly used to make a link between fatty acids and cardiovascular diseases. Recent research widened the scope and marine ω‐3 fatty acids are given a big potential to improve individual and public health.
Aromatic plants in alcoholic beverages. A review.
Authors: Tonutti Ivan , Liddle Peter 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThe use of aromatic plants and spices to prepare beverages dates back to ancient Mediterranean history. This article presents a non‐exhaustive overview of the historical and current use of some botanicals in the aromatization of different types of alcoholic beverages, including some legislative aspects. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The oldest record of Eothinoceratidae (Ellesmerocerida, Nautiloidea): Middle Tremadocian of the Cordillera Oriental, NW Argentina
Authors: Cichowolski Marcela , Vaccari N. Emilio 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMiddle Tremadocian cephalopods from the Sierra de Mojotoro, Cordillera Oriental, NW Argentina, are assigned to Saloceras cf. sericeum (Salter) based on the siphuncle morphology and general shape of the conch. Saloceras sericeum (Salter) is known from the Upper Tremadocian and Floian of England and Wales, a region that formed part of eastern Avalonia during the Early Ordovician, located at a high southern latitude to the north of the Gondwanan margin. This is the oldest record of this genus and of the family Eothinoceratidae, and extends the geographical range of Saloceras, being the first positive record of its presence in Argentina and the Central Andean Basin. These remains are amongst the oldest cephalopods described from NW Argentina. They represent the third mid Tremadocian record of nautiloids at relatively high palaeolatitudes and away from the low latitude carbonate platform palaeoenvironments where the bulk of the earliest cephalopods resided. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The geography of hospital admission in a national health service with patient choice
Authors: Fabbri Daniele , Robone Silvana 
Published: July 2010

AbstractEach year about 20% of the 10 million hospital inpatients in Italy get admitted to hospitals outside the Local Health Authority of residence. In this paper we carefully explore this phenomenon and estimate gravity equations for ‘trade’ in hospital care using a Poisson pseudo‐maximum likelihood method. Consistency of the PPML estimator is guaranteed under the null of independence provided that the conditional mean is correctly specified. In our case we find that patients' flows are affected by network autocorrelation. We correct for it by relying upon spatial filtering. Our results suggest that the gravity model is a good framework for explaining patient mobility in most of the examined diagnostic groups. We find that the ability to restrain patients' outflows increases with the size of the pool of enrollees. Moreover, the ability to attract patients' inflows is reduced by the size of pool of enroless for all LHAs except for the very big LHAs. For LHAs in the top quintile of size of enrollees, the ability to attract inflows increases with the size of the pool. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vivo modulation of foreign body response on polyurethane by surface entrapment technique
Authors: Khandwekar Anand P. , Patil Deepak P. , Hardikar Anand A. , Shouche Yogesh S. , Doble Mukesh 
Published: July 2010

AbstractImplanted polymeric materials, such as medical devices, provoke the body to initiate an inflammatory reaction, known as the foreign body response (FBR), which causes several complications. In this study, polyurethane (Tecoflex®, PU) surface modified with the nonionic surfactant Tween80® (PU/T80) and the cell adhesive PLL‐RGD peptide (PU/PLL‐RGD) by a previously described entrapment technique were implanted in the peritoneal cavity of Wistar rats for 30 days. Implants were retrieved and examined for tissue reactivity and cellular adherence by various microscopic and analytical techniques. Surface‐induced inflammatory response was assessed by real‐time PCR based quantification of proinflammatory cytokine transcripts, namely, TNF‐α and IL‐1β, normalized to housekeeping gene GAPDH. Cellular adherence and their distribution profile were assessed by microscopic examination of H&E stained implant sections. It was observed that PU/PLL‐RGD followed by the bare PU surface exhibited severe inflammatory and fibrotic response with an average mean thickness of 19 and 12 μm, respectively, in 30 days. In contrast, PU/T80 surface showed only a cellular monolayer of 2‐3 μm in thickness, with a mild inflammatory response and no fibrotic encapsulation. The PU/PLL‐RGD peptide‐modified substrate promoted an enhanced rate of macrophage cell fusion to form foreign body giant cell (FBGCs), whereas FBGCs were rarely observed on Tween80®‐modified substrate. The expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐1β) were upregulated on PU/PLL‐RGD surface followed by bare PU, whereas the cytokine expressions were significantly suppressed on PU/T80 surface. Thus, our study highlights modulation of foreign body response on polyurethane surfaces through surface entrapment technique in the form of differential responses observed on PLL‐RGD and Tween80® modified surfaces with the former effective in triggering tissue cell adhesion thereby fibrous encapsulation, while the later being mostly resistant to this phenomenon. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
In vitro studies of interaction of modified silica nanoparticles with different types of immunocompetent cells
Authors: Kulikova Galina A. , Parfenyuk Elena V. , Ryabinina Irina V. , Antsiferova Yuliya S. , Sotnikova Nataliya Yu. , Posiseeva Lubov V. , Eliseeva Mariya A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractInteractions between different types of immune cells and organically‐modified silica nanoparticles were studied. The silica particles functionalized with amine groups were prepared by sol–gel technique. Sheep immunoglobulin labeled with fluoresceine isothiocyanate was immobilized by adsorption onto the nanoparticles. The presence of the functional groups was confirmed by infrared absorption measurements. The level of immunocompetent cells interacting with the silica nanoparticles was estimated as the amount of fluorescence‐bright cells by flow cytometry method. A low level of interaction of the peripheral blood lymphocytes with the silica nanoparticles was found. On the contrary, the macrophages are actively involved in interaction with the silica nanoparticles. The influence of different size of the silica nanoparticles and incubation time on viability and functional activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages were investigated. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2010.
Genipin‐cross‐linked collagen/chitosan biomimetic scaffolds for articular cartilage tissue engineering applications
Authors: Yan Le‐Ping , Wang Ying‐Jun , Ren Li , Wu Gang , Caridade Sofia G. , Fan Jia‐Bing , Wang Ling‐Yun , Ji Pei‐Hong , Oliveira Joaquim M. , Oliveira João T. , Mano João F. , Reis Rui L. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractIn this study, genipin‐cross‐linked collagen/chitosan biodegradable porous scaffolds were prepared for articular cartilage regeneration. The influence of chitosan amount and genipin concentration on the scaffolds physicochemical properties was evaluated. The morphologies of the scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and cross‐linking degree was investigated by ninhydrin assay. Additionally, the mechanical properties of the scaffolds were assessed under dynamic compression. To study the swelling ratio and the biostability of the collagen/chitosan scaffold, in vitro tests were also carried out by immersion of the scaffolds in PBS solution or digestion in collagenase, respectively. The results showed that the morphologies of the scaffolds underwent a fiber‐like to a sheet‐like structural transition by increasing chitosan amount. Genipin cross‐linking remarkably changed the morphologies and pore sizes of the scaffolds when chitosan amount was less than 25%. Either by increasing the chitosan ratio or performing cross‐linking treatment, the swelling ratio of the scaffolds can be tailored. The ninhydrin assay demonstrated that the addition of chitosan could obviously increase the cross‐linking efficiency. The degradation studies indicated that genipin cross‐linking can effectively enhance the biostability of the scaffolds. The biocompatibility of the scaffolds was evaluated by culturing rabbit chondrocytes in vitro. This study demonstrated that a good viability of the chondrocytes seeded on the scaffold was achieved. The SEM analysis has revealed that the chondrocytes adhered well to the surface of the scaffolds and contacted each other. These results suggest that the genipin‐cross‐linked collagen/chitosan matrix may be a promising formulation for articular cartilage scaffolding. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: , 2010.
Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN/CD147) as a novel regulator of myogenic cell differentiation
Authors: Mohamed Attia , Eric Huet , Jean Delbé , Dominique Ledoux , Suzanne Menashi , Isabelle Martelly 
Published: July 2010

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are thought to play an important role in skeletal muscle cell growth and differentiation. In view of the MMP inducing function of EMMPRIN/CD147, its role in myogenic cell differentiation was investigated. EMMPRIN level increased during differentiation of both rat primary myoblasts derived from satellite cells and mouse C2.7 myogenic cells and was associated with an alteration in its molecular forms. In parallel, expression of pro‐MMP‐9 gradually decreased and that of pro‐MMP‐2 and active MMP‐2 increased. While small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibition of EMMPRIN expression accelerated cell differentiation, exogenously added recombinant EMMPRIN inhibited differentiation by an MMP‐mediated mechanism, as the MMP inhibitor marimastat abrogated EMMPRIN's effect. Our results further suggest that EMMPRIN regulates differentiation through an MMP activation of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ), a known inhibitor of myoblast's differentiation, as the increased activation and signaling of TGFβ by EMMPRIN was attenuated in the presence of marimastat. EMMPRIN inhibition may thus represent a novel strategy in the treatment of muscular degenerative disorders. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 141–149, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
South Korea as an emerging donor: Challenges and changes on its entering OECD/DAC
Authors: Chun Hong‐Min , Munyi Elijah N. , Lee Heejin 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSouth Korea's official development assistance (ODA) has been increasing rapidly and will continue to do so. Korea is one of the few countries which have successfully transitioned from a recipient to a donor. It became a member of DAC (development assistance committee), OECD in November 2009. Korea's ODA policy, along with its growth in quantity, is at a crossroads for the enhancement of its quality. Discussions and debates are going on regarding the reforms in Korea's ODA activities, and this paper examines key issues raised. It first reviews the past and present of Korea's ODA, and identifies major characteristics including a low ODA/GNI ratio, a high percentage of concessional loans compared to grants, a high portion of tied aid, regional bias and a relatively large number of recipients. The paper argues that those characteristics arise from a lack of consensus on some fundamental issues like the objective of ODA, positioning of Korea's ODA as an emerging donor and the nature of aid to North Korea. We also argue that a shift of ODA policy is required to promote reform, based on a thorough reflection on the role of ODA in the alleviation of poverty and promoting sustainable development in developing countries, rather than serving as an economic tool. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A defining moment? China's social policy response to the financial crisis
Authors: de Haan Arjan 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis paper discusses whether China's response to the 2008–2009 financial crisis is a ‘defining moment’, whether it is leading to a departure of China's export‐driven development model and whether the large stimulus package is strengthening its social policies and leading towards a more egalitarian structure. Two years after the crisis, it seems China has been very successful in managing the crisis, reaffirming political legitimacy, monitoring potential social unrest and introducing a wide range of promotive measures, even though this did not imply the sudden shift to promotion of household consumption some observers were arguing for. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fantasy proneness as a confounder of verbal lie detection tools
Authors: Schelleman‐Offermans Karen , Merckelbach Harald 
Published: July 2010

AbstractThis study investigated whether high fantasy‐prone individuals have superior storytelling abilities. It also explored whether this trait is related to specific linguistic features (i.e. self‐references, cognitive complexity, and emotional words). Participants high (n = 30) and low (n = 30) on a fantasy proneness scale were instructed to write down a true and a fabricated story about an aversive situation in which they had been the victim. Stories were then examined using two verbal lie detection approaches: criteria‐based content analysis (CBCA) and linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC). Irrespective of the truth status of the stories, independent observers rated stories of high fantasy‐prone individuals as being richer in all nine CBCA elements than those of low fantasy‐prone individuals. Furthermore, overall, high fantasy‐prone people used more self‐references in their stories compared with low fantasy‐prone individuals. High fantasy prones' fabricated stories scored higher on various truth indices than authentic stories of low fantasy prones. Thus, high fantasy‐prone people are good in creating a sense of authenticity, even when they fabricate stories. Forensic experts should bear this in mind when they employ verbal lie detection tools. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Work and personal role involvement of part‐time employees: Implications for attitudes and turnover intentions
Authors: Wittmer Jenell L. S. , Martin James E. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractResearchers have started to argue that part‐time (PT) employees should not be viewed as one undifferentiated group, leading Martin and Sinclair to develop a PT typology based on employee demographics and personal attachments. Attitudinal and behavioral differences have been found among their groups. This prior research has been limited by classifying work role involvement through descriptions of roles outside of work, rather than assessing it empirically. We use more precise, direct measures of involvement, including time spent on, flexibility of, and psychological involvement in, roles outside work to predict differences in work role involvement, attitudes, and turnover intentions. Moreover, we test the PT typology on a geographically and occupationally diverse sample, overcoming previous generalizability concerns. We found that part‐timers with more psychological involvement in roles and those with roles outside work that are less flexible and more time intensive have less work role involvement, higher turnover intentions, and generally less positive attitudes. In addition, the results provide evidence that the more direct measures better predict work role involvement and turnover intent than the indirect PT typology measure. Implications for management and research are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sample size requirements for multiple regression interval estimation
Authors: Bonett Douglas G. , Wright Thomas A. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractSample size planning is one of the most important issues in the design of a study. Simple and accurate sample size formulas for a desired confidence interval width have been developed for many statistical procedures, but a simple and accurate sample size formula for the squared multiple correlation has been a notable exception. Several rule‐of‐thumb sample size recommendations for a multiple regression analysis have been proposed over the years but none are satisfactory. Other approaches have focused on the construction of elaborate tables of sample size requirements, but these tables are both unwieldy and inadequate. We present a simple, accurate, and general method of approximating the sample size requirement for obtaining a squared multiple correlation confidence interval with desired precision. We also present a simple method for approximating the sample size needed to estimate unstandardized regression coefficients with desired precision. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Detection of PCR products amplified from DNA of epizootic pathogens using magnetic nanoparticles and SERS
Authors: Strelau Katharina Konstanze , Brinker Anja , Schnee Christiane , Weber Karina , Möller Robert , Popp Jürgen 
Published: July 2010

AbstractHere we present a novel approach using surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy for the sequence‐specific detection of DNA utilizing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for the enrichment of the target molecules. To achieve fast and efficient binding of longer DNA strands, e.g. PCR products, the hybridization procedure is performed in solution. To further purify and enrich the DNA strands of interest, MNPs are used for their separation. Following the binding of the target DNA, a dye‐modified, short synthetic ssDNA is hybridized, which serves as label for the SERS detection. The SERS spectra are used to identify the bound molecules. The applicability of this approach was first tested with short synthetic oligonucleotides to evaluate its specificity. Afterward, the system was applied to detect PCR products amplified from DNA of specific agents of epizootic diseases. Sequences of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony type (MmmSC), causing contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) were used as PCR targets. To demonstrate the multiplexing capability of SERS, the simultaneous detection of three different PCR products labeled with three dyes was performed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.