bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel orthotopic mouse model of head and neck cancer with molecular imaging
Authors: Reddy Nishant P. , Miyamoto Shunsuke , Araki Koji , Liu Tingyan , Feldman Michael , O'Malley Bert W. , Li Daqing 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:Our goal was to develop a noninvasive, dynamic imaging method that would further the understanding of head and neck cancer (HNC) tumor growth and local spreading. We developed a novel orthotopic mouse model of HNC with a stable cell line expressing a red fluorescent protein gene to compare a molecular imaging tumor quantification with traditional caliper measurement.Methods:An HNC‐tdT stable cell line expressing the tdTomato gene was established, which were injected into the floor of the mouth of nude mice. Tumor growth was constantly monitored using molecular imaging for up to 35 days. The tumors were further evaluated by histologic examination.Results:Established tumors consistently expressed fluorescent signals that were successfully imaged by molecular imaging during the study. Initial tumor development was detected earlier than caliper measurement would allow. The fluorescent signal quantities of tumors detected by the imaging correlated with the tumor sizes measured by calipers.Conclusions:This novel animal model represents an orthotopic human HNC model. The tumor can be detected earlier with molecular imaging than by conventional external caliper measurement. Unlike surgical measurement, the tumor can be quantified without disturbing the tumor environment. This model has significant potential for HNC oncologic research.
Photochemical repair of vocal fold microflap defects
Authors: Franco Ramon A. , Dowdall Jayme R. , Bujold Kenneth , Amann Christopher , Faquin William , Redmond Robert W. , Kochevar Irene E. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractObjectives:To bond vocal fold flaps using a sutureless, nonthermal laser‐assisted method combining visible light and photosensitizing dyes to produce collagen crosslinks.Study Design:In the ex vivo study, epithelial incisions were created in sheep vocal folds. The concentration of the Rose Bengal, and the laser fluence were varied and studied. The in vivo canine study evaluated the thickness of the basement membrane zone, density and distribution of collagen, elastin, and fibroblasts at time zero, 2 weeks, and 8 weeks.Methods:Ex Vivo: Rose Bengal at concentrations between 0.5% and 1.0% was applied to the free margins of the incision and irradiated with an Nd:YAG laser at fluences varying from 150 to 600 J/cm2. The bonding was considered positive when the incision could withstand air at 2 pounds per square inch (psi) from a distance of 3 cm. In Vivo: 0.75% Rose Bengal was applied to the microflap edges and irradiated with an Nd:YAG laser for 140 seconds (100 J/cm2). The control side was not irradiated.Results:Ex Vivo: Bonding was achieved with a minimum of 0.75% Rose Bengal and 300 J/cm2. In Vivo: There was no difference in the amount of subepithelial reaction between the experimental and control sides at 8 weeks.Conclusions:Photochemical tissue bonding is effective at sealing vocal fold incisions and did not create long‐term scarring of the vocal folds. Use of this technique may allow for more predictable healing after microflap resection and may reduce the need for postoperative voice rest.
The role of the inferior frontal gyri in cognitive processing of patients with Parkinson's disease: A pilot rTMS study
Authors: Srovnalova Hana , Marecek Radek , Rektorova Irena 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBackground:We studied whether 1 session of high‐frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) applied sequentially over both the left and right inferior frontal gyri (IFG) would enhance performance in tests evaluating the ability to inhibit habitual responses (Stroop test, ST; Frontal Assessment Battery, FAB) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods:Ten nondemented PD patients (6 men, 4 women; age, 66 ± 6 years; disease duration, 5.4 ± 2.45 years) entered the randomized, sham stimulation–controlled study with a crossover design. The ST and the FAB were performed prior to and immediately after an appropriate rTMS session.Results:The active but not sham rTMS induced significant improvement in all ST subtests (word, color, color‐word). Conversely, the calculated Stroop interference and the FAB scores remained unchanged.Conclusions:In PD patients, rTMS of the IFG increased the speed of cognitive processing in both the congruent and incongruent conditions of the ST. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
Activation of telomerase by seminal plasma in malignant and normal cervical epithelial cells
Authors: Liu Li , Liu Cheng , Lou Fenglan , Zhang Guiyu , Wang Xizhi , Fan Yidong , Yan Keqiang , Wang Kun , Xu Zhonghua , Hu Sanyuan , Björkholm Magnus , Xu Dawei 
Published: April 2011

AbstractSeminal fluids are involved in the development of cervical cancer but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Because cellular transformation requires telomerase activation by expression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) gene, we examined the role of seminal fluids in telomerase activation. Significantly elevated hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity were observed in cervical cell lines (HeLa, SiHa and Caski) treated with seminal plasma. Normal cervical epithelial cells expressed minimal levels of hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity, and seminal plasma substantially enhanced both expression and activity. The hTERT promoter activity was similarly increased in seminal plasma‐treated HeLa cells and this effect was closely correlated with increased Sp1 expression and binding to the hTERT promoter. Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) was simultaneously increased in HeLa cells exposed to seminal plasma, and blockade of COX‐2 induction abolished seminal plasma stimulation of the hTERT promoter activity, hTERT expression and telomerase activity. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) mimics the effect of seminal plasma, stimulating Sp1 expression, enhancing Sp1 occupancy on the hTERT promoter and promoter activity. Moreover, tumour growth was robustly enhanced when HeLa cells together with seminal plasma were injected into nude‐mice. Taken together, seminal plasma stimulates COX‐2‐PGE2–Sp1‐dependent hTERT transcription, which provides insights into the putative mechanism underlying telomerase activation in cervical epithelial and cancer cells. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A critical assessment of the value of lymph node dissection at radical prostatectomy: A population‐based study
Authors: Abdollah Firas , Schmitges Jan , Sun Maxine , Tian Zhe , Briganti Alberto , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Perrotte Paul , Montorsi Francesco , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOBJECTIVEWe tested relationship between pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) status at the time of radical prostatectomy (RP) and survival in prostate cancer (PCa) patients.METHODSOverall, 127,824 PCa patients treated with RP between 1988 and 2006 were included. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the impact of PLND status (pN0 vs. pNx vs. pN1) on cancer‐specific mortality (CSM) and overall mortality (OM) rates.RESULTSIn pT2 patients, the 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐year CSM rates were: 0.4%, 1.7%, and 3.9% for pN0, 0.6%, 2.5%, and 4.7% for pNx, 2.7%, 11.9%, and 20.6% for pN1 patients (all P < 0.001). The 5‐, 10‐, and 15‐year OM rates were: 5.4%, 16.3%, and 34.5% for pN0, 6.1%, 18.2%, and 35.3% for pNx, 11.5%, 32.7%, and 53.4% for pN1 (all P < 0.001). In multivariable analyses, pNx and pN1 stage increased CSM rate, respectively by 1.3‐ and 3.8‐fold (both P < 0.001) relative to pN0. Similarly, pNx and pN1 increased OM rate respectively by 1.1‐ and 1.6‐fold (both P < 0.001) relative to pN0. In pT3 patients, pNx stage did not significantly increase CSM or OM rates relative to pN0 (both P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONSPatients with localized PCa treated with RP without a PLND (pNx) have less favorable survival rate than their counterparts that do not harbor lymph node invasion at PLND. However, the difference is modest (0.8% at 10 years). In consequence, the related costs and benefits of this procedure should be weighted carefully. In addition, the survival benefit of PLND was not observed in locally advanced PCa patients. Prostate 71:1587–1594, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neuroendocrine tumor cells in prostate cancer: Evaluation of the neurosecretory products serotonin, bombesin, and gastrin – impact on angiogenesis and clinical follow‐up
Authors: Heinrich Elmar , Trojan Lutz , Friedrich Dorothee , Voß Martin , Weiss Christel , Michel Maurice Stephan , Grobholz Rainer 
Published: April 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDNeuroendocrine differentiated tumor cells (NETC) can be found in a large portion of prostate carcinoma (PCa) specimens. This is the first study to systematically quantify and analyze the influence of the NETC distribution and of their secretory products, serotonin, bombesin, and gastrin, on angiogenesis and in the clinical follow‐up of PCa patients.METHODS175 PCa specimens were included in this study. NETC were displayed using the marker CgA. Specimens showing a high expression of CgA were analyzed for serotonin, bombesin, and gastrin. Blood vessels were stained with the epitope CD34. Data was analyzed for inter‐correlation and its correlation to clinical‐pathological parameters and the results of a mid‐term follow‐up.RESULTSThe number of NETC was correlated with the pT‐status and the Gleason score. Specimens with high NETC expression had an increased microvessel density (MVD). No correlation between the neurosecretory products and the clinical‐pathological parameters was found. High NETC expression, high bombesin expression and increased MVD were associated with early treatment failure in the follow‐up.CONCLUSIONNETC have an influence on angiogenesis and are correlated with the clinical‐pathological parameters. A high expression of NETC is associated with an early failure of treatment. Our study underlines the importance of NETC in prostate cancer. Prostate 71:1752–1758, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analysis of band‐anticrossing model in GaNAs near localised states
Authors: Seifikar Masoud , O'Reilly Eoin P. , Fahy Stephen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractReplacing As by N in GaNAs leads to a strong perturbation of the conduction band structure, generally described using the band‐anticrossing (BAC) model. We have solved the single particle Hamiltonian for a very large supercell containing randomly placed nitrogen and have calculated the fractional Γ character, localisation factor and the density of states in the supercell. Comparison of these results with those calculated by the 2‐level BAC model confirms the validity of the BAC model at energies away from N state energies but highlights the role of disorder at energies close to the N state energy.
Porous silicon multilayer antireflection coating for solar cells; process considerations
Authors: Selj Josefine H. , Stensrud Marstein Erik , Thøgersen Annett , Foss Sean Erik 
Published: April 2011

AbstractEfficient AntiReflection Coatings (ARC) improve the light collection and thereby increase the current output of solar cells. For solar cells, broadband ARCs are desirable for efficient application over the entire solar spectrum. As previously demonstrated, such broadband ARCs can be made by electrochemical etching of Porous Silicon (PS) with graded refractive index. However, for efficient production there are a number of processing considerations which needs to be addressed. In this work the effects of electrolyte aging and sample inhomogeneities are investigated and quantified, using spectroscopic ellipsometry. A range of PS properties are extracted from the ellipsometric data by use of a graded Bruggeman Effective Medium model. Significant changes in porosity and thickness are detected and attributed to electrolyte aging. A positive correlation between thickness and porosity indicates that inhomogeneities across the sample are due to local variations in current density or HF concentration. Multilayered PS samples show smaller horizontal variations in porosity and thickness than single PS layers in our setup (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Electrodeposition of hybrid ZnO/organic dye films
Authors: Moya Mónica , Marí Bernabé , Mollar Miquel 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe viability of the electrodeposition as a suitable technique for preparing new porous hybrid materials has been tested in this paper. Hybrid ZnO films with two different organic dyes: Eosin‐Y and Tetrasulphonated‐Cu‐phtalocyanine were prepared. Their physical and chemical properties as well as their dependence on the growth conditions were investigated. It is found that the type of dye has a big influence on the morphology and porosity of hybrid films. Open and connected pores are created in hybrid ZnO/Eosin‐Y films while both open and closed pores coexist in hybrid ZnO/Tetrasulfonated‐Cu‐phthalocyanine. As one of the promising applications of hybrid materials is photovoltaic conversion of sunlight, photoelectrochemical characterization of hybrid films is also reported. Photocurrent generation owing to both contributions ZnO and Eosin‐Y is observed in ZnO/Eosin‐Y films but no photocurrent has been observed in ZnO/Tetrasulfonated‐Cu‐phthalocyanine films. SEM micrographs of hybrid ZnO films grown in aqueous bath; (Left) ZnO/Eosin‐Y films grown at 70 ºC, ‐0.9 V (Right) ZnO/Ts‐CuPc films grown at 70 ºC, ‐0.9 V. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Coverage path planning on three‐dimensional terrain for arable farming
Authors: Jin Jian , Tang Lie 
Published: April 2011

AbstractField operations should be done in a manner that minimizes time and travels over the field surface and is coordinated with topographic land features. Automated path planning can help to find the best coverage path so that the field operation costs can be minimized. Intelligent algorithms are desired for both two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) terrain field coverage path planning. The algorithm of generating an optimized full coverage pattern for a given 2D planar field by using boustrophedon paths has been investigated and reported before. However, a great proportion of farms have rolling terrains, which have a considerable influence on the design of coverage paths. Coverage path planning in 3D space has a great potential to further optimize field operations. This work addressed four critical tasks: terrain modeling and representation, coverage cost analysis, terrain decomposition, and the development of optimized path searching algorithm. The developed algorithms and methods have been successfully implemented and tested using 3D terrain maps of farm fields with various topographic features. Each field was decomposed into subregions based on its terrain features. A recommended “seed curve” based on a customized cost function was searched for each subregion, and parallel coverage paths were generated by offsetting the found “seed curve” toward its two sides until the whole region was completely covered. Compared with the 2D planning results, the experimental results of 3D coverage path planning showed its superiority in reducing both headland turning cost and soil erosion cost. On the tested fields, on average the 3D planning algorithm saved 10.3% on headland turning cost, 24.7% on soil erosion cost, 81.2% on skipped area cost, and 22.0% on the weighted sum of these costs, where their corresponding weights were 1, 1, and 0.5, respectively. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SecLoc – secure localization in WSNs using CDS
Authors: Srinivasan Avinash 
Published: April 2011

AbstractOriginally, the development of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance and land‐mine detection. Over time, however, WSNs have found a wide range of applications in diverse domains such as industrial automation and monitoring, environmental and habitat monitoring, health‐care applications, home automation, traffic regulation, smart hospitals, etc. In all these domains, the data sensed by the sensor nodes are reported to a central server called a base station, which then initiates appropriate actions based on the reported data. To this end, the location of sensors is very critical since the monitored event can be detrimental causing irreversible damage – such as forest fire, if the location of sensors is compromised and/or inaccurate. In this paper, we propose SecLoc – a novel localization method for WSNs, which can be easily extended to other wireless and mobile and ad‐hoc networks. The proposed method exploits the connected dominating set (CDS) property of a network graph. SecLoc, to the best of our knowledge, is the first localization model to exploit the CDS property for accurate and secure node localization in WSNs. In out proposed method, a set of specialty nodes, called the beacon nodes, with large resource base, assume the role of Dominant nodes. The beacon nodes are responsible for both accurate and secure localization of nodes. We confirm the efficiency and robustness of our model through simulation results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effect of tapioca maltodextrins on the stability of oil‐in‐water emulsions
Authors: Udomrati Sunsanee , Ikeda Shinya , Gohtani Shoichi 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe effect of concentration of tapioca maltodextrin with three different DE values on the viscosity, depletion attraction potential (Wdep), rate of coalescence (Kc), and creaming rate of oil‐in‐water emulsion have been investigated. The relative viscosity and Wdep increased with increasing maltodextrin concentration. Critical flocculation concentration (CFC) of emulsions containing maltodextrin with DE of 16 (DE16), 12 (DE12), and 9 (DE9) were 11, 7, and 5.5 wt%, respectively. At maltodextrin concentrations below CFC, there was no change in Kc and no creaming was observed. At maltodextrin concentrations above CFC, an increase in the concentration of DE9 and DE12 resulted in an increase in Kc until it reached a constant value. Kc values remained to be constant in the concentration range between 30 and 40 wt% for DE9 and that between 35 and 45 wt% for DE12. Further increasing in concentration of DE9 and 12 decreased Kc. Kc of DE16 monotonically increased with increasing concentration from CFC to 50 wt%. The rate of creaming decreased with increasing maltodextrin concentration over CFC until it reached zero. Creaming was not observed at maltodextrin concentrations more than 35 wt% for DE9 and 40 wt% for DE12 whereas DE16 showed creaming at all concentrations above CFC. A maltodextrin with a lower DE inhibited creaming more efficiently than maltodextrin with a higher DE because of higher viscosities. The Kc tended to increase with decreasing DE because the strength of interaction between oil droplets increased.
A Heptanuclear Iron(III) Oxo‐Carboxylate Cluster
Authors: Baca Svetlana G. , Botezat Olga , Filippova Irina , Speldrich Manfred , Jeanneau Erwann , Kögerler Paul 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA new heptanuclear iron(III) oxide pivalate cluster [Fe7O4(OH)2(O2CCMe3)11(bpm)2(H2O)] (1) (bpm = 2,2′‐bipyrimidine) has been prepared and characterized. 1 features an asymmetric {Fe7O6} framework based on two corner‐sharing {Fe4(μ3‐O)2} groups, themselves comprising {Fe3(μ3‐O)} motifs that are formally retained from the {Fe6O4} precursor used in thesynthesis of 1. Compared to existing FeIII oxide carboxylate clusters, the {Fe7O6} fragment in 1 exhibits an unusually high Fe:O ratio, with all seven oxygen sites efficiently mediating magnetic exchange. Correspondingly, 1 shows strong intramolecular antiferromagnetic coupling.
Characterization of AuPd Nanoparticles by Probe‐Corrected Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and X‐ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Authors: Krumeich Frank , Marx Stefan , Baiker Alfons , Nesper Reinhard 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA heterogeneous catalyst consisting of AuPd nanoparticles dispersed on titanium oxide was synthesized by a colloidal route. The diameters of these nanoparticles range from 1 to 5 nm, as determined from scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images recorded with a high‐angle annular dark field detector (Z‐contrast method). Bright field images obtained on an aberration‐corrected STEM show the structure of the oxide support and the metal particles with high resolution. This microscope allows to record secondary electron images that provide supplementary information about the morphology of the support crystals and the localization of the particles on them. The combination of the images with the spectroscopic investigation of selected points and areas is of particular importance. Herein, efficiently collected energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectra give evidence for the formation of an AuPd alloy in the nanoparticles. This result is confirmed by the results of X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (EXAFS) studies.
Homological properties of certain Banach modules over group algebras
Authors: Bahrami Farid , Nasr-Isfahani Rasoul , Renani Sima Soltani 
Published: April 2011

AbstractHomological properties of several Banach leftL1(G)-modules have been studied by Dales and Polyakov and recently by Ramsden. In this paper, we characterize some homological properties of$L_0^\infty(G)$and$L_0^\infty(G)^*$as Banach leftL1(G)-modules, such as flatness, injectivity and projectivity.
Toeplitz operators with distributional symbols on Bergman spaces
Authors: Perälä Antti , Taskinen Jari , Virtanen Jani 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe study the boundedness and compactness of Toeplitz operators Ta on Bergman spaces $A^p(\mathbb{D})$, 1 < p < ∞. The novelty is that we allow distributional symbols. It turns out that the belonging of the symbol to a weighted Sobolev space $\smash{W_\nu^{-m,\infty}(\mathbb{D})}$ of negative order is sufficient for the boundedness of Ta. We show the natural relation of the hyperbolic geometry of the disc and the order of the distribution. A corresponding sufficient condition for the compactness is also derived.
Bureaucratic Corruption in the ASEAN Countries: A Comparative Analysis of Their Anti-Corruption Strategies
Authors: Quah Jon S. T. 
Published: April 2011

Bureaucratic corruption is one of the most serious and embarrassing obstacles to national development in the developing countries, which include among others the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) viz., Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. According to an official of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific:Donor countries and the United Nations bodies working in developing countries are well aware that one of the most serious problems hampering development is corruption; so are the recipient countries. But no one seems prepared to discuss it publicly.