bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Immunology of Psoriasis—Current Concepts in Pathogenesis
Authors: Sieminska Izabela , Pieniawska Monika , Grzywa Tomasz M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases with a chronic, relapsing-remitting course. The last decades of intense research uncovered a pathological network of interactions between immune cells and other types of cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Emerging evidence indicates that dendritic cells, TH17 cells, and keratinocytes constitute a pathogenic triad in psoriasis. Dendritic cells produce TNF-α and IL-23 to promote T cell differentiation toward TH17 cells that produce key psoriatic cytokines IL-17, IFN-γ, and IL-22. Their activity results in skin inflammation and activation and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. In addition, other cells and signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including TH9 cells, TH22 cells, CD8+ cytotoxic cells, neutrophils, γδ T cells, and cytokines and chemokines secreted by them. New insights from high-throughput analysis of lesional skin identified novel signaling pathways and cell populations involved in the pathogenesis. These studies not only expanded our knowledge about the mechanisms of immune response and the pathogenesis of psoriasis but also resulted in a revolution in the clinical management of patients with psoriasis. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of immune response in psoriatic inflammation is crucial for further studies, the development of novel therapeutic strategies, and the clinical management of psoriasis patients. The aim of the review was to comprehensively present the dysregulation of immune response in psoriasis with an emphasis on recent findings. Here, we described the role of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as well as non-immune cells, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and platelets in the initiation, development, and progression of psoriasis.
Systemic Outcomes in Adults Undergoing Emergent Repair of Orbital Blowout Fractures
Authors: Aftab Owais M. , Randhawa Avneet , Randhawa Karandeep S. , Khawaja Imran M. , Kumar Keshav , Langer Paul D. , Eloy Jean Anderson , Fang Christina H. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To analyze the association between emergent surgery status and systemic adverse outcomes in patients undergoing open orbital floor blowout fracture repair.

Methods
This retrospective cohort analysis utilized the 2005–2018 National Surgery Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database. Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were used to identify cases with open treatment of orbital floor blowout fractures (21385, 21386, 21387, 21390, 21395). Demographics, comorbidities, and complication incidences were compared between patients undergoing emergent surgery and those undergoing non-emergent orbital blowout fracture repair using chi-square analyses. The independent effect of preoperative emergent status on adverse outcomes was analyzed using binary logistic regression.

Results
1,146 (96.0%) non-emergent and 48 (4.0%) emergent orbital blowout fracture repairs were identified from 2005 to 2018. Chi-square analysis indicated patients undergoing emergent repairs had higher incidences of preoperative wound infection (8.3% vs. 2.3%; p = 0.029) and systemic sepsis (8.3% vs. 0.6%; p = 0.001). The emergent cohort had a higher proportion of patients with Hispanic ethnicity (p = 0.011). Unadjusted chi-square analysis indicated the emergent cohort had a higher incidence of prolonged length of stay (50.1% vs. 10.1%; p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, logistic regression analysis indicated emergent status was an independent risk factor for prolonged length of stay (OR 13.05; 95% CI 5.26–32.37; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Emergent surgery status is an important factor associated with increased odds of prolonged length of stay in patients undergoing open orbital blowout fracture repair.
Real-world progression-free survival and overall survival of palbociclib plus endocrine therapy (ET) in Japanese patients with hormone receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative advanced breast cancer in the first-line or second-line setting: an observational study
Authors: Yoshinami Tetsuhiro , Nagai Shigenori E. , Hattori Masaya , Okamura Takuho , Watanabe Kenichi , Nakayama Takahiro , Masuda Hiroko , Tsuneizumi Michiko , Takabatake Daisuke , Harao Michiko , Yoshino Hiroshi , Mori Natsuko , Yasojima Hiroyuki , Oshiro Chiya , Iwase Madoka , Yamaguchi Miki , Sangai Takafumi , Kosaka Nobuyoshi , Tajima Kentaro , Masuda Norikazu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
A recent large real-world study conducted in the United States reported the effectiveness of palbociclib plus aromatase inhibitor in HR+/HER2− advanced breast cancer (ABC). However, local clinical practice and available medical treatment can vary between Japan and Western countries. Thus, it is important to investigate Japanese real-world data. This observational, multicenter study (NCT05399329) reports the interim analysis of effectiveness of palbociclib plus ET as first-line or second-line treatment for HR+/HER2− ABC by estimating real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) and overall survival (OS) in Japanese routine clinical practice.

Methods
Real-world clinical outcomes and treatment patterns of palbociclib plus ET were captured using a medical record review of patients diagnosed with HR+/HER2− ABC who had received palbociclib plus ET in the first-line or second-line treatment across 20 sites in Japan. The primary endpoint was rwPFS; secondary endpoints were OS, real-world overall response rate, real-world clinical benefit rate, and chemotherapy-free survival.

Results
Of the 677 eligible patients, 420 and 257 patients, respectively, had received palbociclib with ET as first-line and second-line treatments. Median rwPFS (95% confidence interval) was 24.5 months (19.9–29.4) for first-line and 14.5 months (10.2–19.0) for second-line treatment groups. Median OS was not reached in the first-line group and was 46.7 months (38.8-not estimated) for the second-line group. The 36-month OS rates for de novo metastasis, treatment-free interval (TFI) ≥ 12 months, and TFI < 12 months were 80.2% (69.1–87.7), 82.0% (70.7–89.3), and 66.0% (57.9–72.9), respectively.

Conclusion
The addition of palbociclib to ET was effective for treating HR+/HER2− ABC in Japanese routine clinical practice.
Comparing survival outcomes between neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy within T2N1M0 stage hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer: a retrospective cohort study based on SEER database
Authors: Shang Yuhang , Wang Xuelian , Liu Yansong , Cheng Weilun , Duan Yunqiang , Fang Zhengbo , Liu Jiangwei , Kong Fanjing , Wang Ting , Yu Tianshui , Hu Anbang , Zhang Jiarui , Zhang Hanyu , Li Mingcui , Rong Zhiyuan , Li Yanling , Shakila Suborna S. , Li Xinxin , Feng Jianyuan , Ma Fei , Guo Baoliang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Guideline recommendations for the application of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in T2N1M0 stage hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative (HR + /HER2-) breast cancer are ambiguous. The debate continues regarding whether NACT or adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) offers superior survival outcomes for these patients.

Materials and Methods
Female patients diagnosed with HR + /HER2- breast cancer at T2N1M0 stage between 2010 and 2020, were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and divided into two groups, the NACT group and the ACT group. Propensity score matching (PSM) was utilized to establish balanced cohorts between groups, considering baseline features. Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis and the Cox proportional hazards model were executed to assess the efficacy of both NACT and ACT in terms of overall survival (OS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). A logistic regression model was employed to examine the association between predictive variables and response to NACT.

Results
After PSM, 4,682 patients were finally included. K-M curves showed that patients receiving NACT exhibited significantly worse OS and BCSS when compared with patients undergoing ACT. Multivariable Cox analysis indicated that not achieving pathologic complete response (non-pCR) after NACT (versus ACT), was identified as an adverse prognostic factor for OS (HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.36–1.83) and BCSS (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.44–2. 02). The logistic regression model revealed that low tumor grade independently predicted non-pCR.

Conclusion
Among T2N1M0 stage HR + /HER2- patients, OS and BCSS of NACT were inferior to ACT. Patients who attained non-pCR after NACT demonstrated significantly worse survival outcomes compared with those who received ACT.
Bioaccessibility Characterization of Organic Matter, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus from Microalgae-Bacteria Aggregates
Authors: Romero-Frasca Enrique , Galea-Outón Sandra , Coronado-Apodaca Karina G. , Milferstedt Kim , Jimenez Julie , Hamelin Jérôme , Buitrón Germán 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe quality of microalgae-bacteria biomass as an organic soil fertilizer may depend on the biomass’s microbial composition, morphology, and growth history. This study aims to characterize the molecular complexity and bioaccessibility of organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from microalgae-bacteria aggregates with different morphologies (flocs and granules) grown under nutrient-abundant and starvation conditions. A biochemical fractionation method was used based on sequential chemical extraction and fluorescence spectroscopy. Microalgae-bacteria aggregates were cultured and collected from photobioreactors using contrasting growth conditions to generate (i) loose flocs, (ii) consolidated flocs, (iii) smooth granules, and (iv) filamentous granules. The organic matter, nitrogen, and phosphorus from consolidated flocs were mostly extractable, accounting for up to 94% of their total content. In contrast, the organic matter from loose flocs was up to 50% non-extractable. The extractability of loose flocs was improved under starvation conditions. All microalgae-bacteria aggregates showed a low structural complexity, corresponding to an abundance of simple microbial-related constituents like tyrosine and tryptophane. Differences between the gradients of bioaccessibility for each microalgae-bacteria structure were related to the abundance of microorganisms and their metabolic products. The findings of this study have implications for the development of sustainable and environment-friendly organic fertilizers.
Graphical Abstract
Initial experience with a novel stent-based mechanical thrombectomy device for management of acute myocardial infarction cases with large thrombus burden
Authors: Zhi Yuan , Madanchi Mehdi , Cioffi Giacomo Maria , Brunner Julian , Stutz Leah , Gnan Eleonora , Gjergjizi Varis , Attinger-Toller Adrian , Cuculi Florim , Bossard Matthias 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background
Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and large thrombus burden (LTB) still represent a challenge. Afflicted patients have a high morbidity and mortality. Aspiration thrombectomy is often ineffective in those cases. Mechanical thrombectomy devices (MTDs), which are effective for management of ischemic strokes, were recently CE-approved for treatment of thrombotic coronary lesions. Real-world data about their performance in AMI cases with LTB are scarce. This study sought to summarize our early experience with a novel MTD device in this context.

Methods
We analyzed consecutive patients from the prospective OPTIMISER registry (NCT04988672), who have been managed with the NeVa™ MTD (Vesalio, USA) for AMI with LTB at a tertiary cardiology facility. Outcomes of interest included, among others, periprocedural complications, target lesion failure (TLF), target lesion revascularization (TLR) and target vessel myocardial infarction (TV-MI).

Results
Overall, 15 patients underwent thrombectomy with the NeVa™ device. Thrombectomy was successfully performed in 14 (93%) patients. Final TIMI 3 flow was achieved in 13 (87%) patients, while 2 (13%) patients had TIMI 2 flow. We encountered no relevant periprocedural complications, especially no stroke, stent thrombosis or vessel closure. After a mean follow-up time of 26 ± 2.9 months, 1 (7%) patient presented with TLR due to stent thrombosis (10 months after treatment with the MTD and stenting).

Conclusions
In AMI patients with LTB, the deployment of the novel NeVa™ MTD seems efficient and safe. Further randomized trials are warranted to assess whether the use of the NeVa™ device in cases with LTB improves procedural and clinical outcomes.

Graphical abstract
Forging just ecologies: 25 years of urban long-term ecological research collaboration
Authors: Grove Morgan , Pickett Steward , Boone Christopher G. , Buckley Geoffrey L. , Anderson Pippin , Hoover Fushcia-Ann , Lugo Ariel E. , Meléndez-Ackerman Elvia , Muñoz-Erickson Tischa A. , Nagendra Harini , Selles L. Kidany 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe ask how environmental justice and urban ecology have influenced one another over the past 25 years in the context of the US Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) program and Baltimore Ecosystem Study (BES) project. BES began after environmental justice emerged through activism and scholarship in the 1980s but spans a period of increasing awareness among ecologists and environmental practitioners. The work in Baltimore provides a detailed example of how ecological research has been affected by a growing understanding of environmental justice. The shift shows how unjust environmental outcomes emerge and are reinforced over time by systemic discrimination and exclusion. We do not comprehensively review the literature on environmental justice in urban ecology but do present four brief cases from the Caribbean, Africa, and Asia, to illustrate the global relevance of the topic. The example cases demonstrate the necessity for continuous engagement with communities in addressing environmental problem solving.
From urban ecology to urban enquiry: How to build cumulative and context-sensitive understandings
Authors: Andersson Erik , McPhearson Timon , Pickett Steward T. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper positions urban ecology as increasingly conversant with multiple perspectives and methods for understanding the functions and qualities of diverse cities and urban situations. Despite progress in the field, we need clear pathways for positioning, connecting and synthesising specific knowledge and to make it speak to more systemic questions about cities and the life within them. These pathways need to be able to make use of diverse sources of information to better account for the diverse relations between people, other species and the ecological, social, cultural, economic, technical and increasingly digital structures that they are embedded in. Grounded in a description of the systemic knowledge needed, we propose five complementary and often connected approaches for building cumulative systemic understandings, and a framework for connecting and combining different methods and evidence. The approaches and the framework help position urban ecology and other fields of study as entry points to further advance interdisciplinary synthesis and open up new fields of research.
A transformative shift in urban ecology toward a more active and relevant future for the field and for cities
Authors: Frantzeskaki Niki , Childers Daniel L. , Pickett Steward , Hoover Fushcia-Ann , Anderson Pippin , Barau Aliyu , Ginsberg Joshua , Grove Morgan , Lodder Marleen , Lugo Ariel E. , McPhearson Timon , Muñoz-Erickson Tischa A. , Quartier Mien , Schepers Selina , Sharifi Ayyoob , van de Sijpe Katrien 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper builds on the expansion of urban ecology from a biologically based discipline—ecology in the city—to an increasingly interdisciplinary field—ecology of the city—to a transdisciplinary, knowledge to action endeavor—an ecology for and with the city. We build on this “prepositional journey” by proposing a transformative shift in urban ecology, and we present a framework for how the field may continue this shift. We conceptualize that urban ecology is in a state of flux, and that this shift is needed to transform urban ecology into a more engaged and action based field, and one that includes a diversity of actors willing to participate in the future of their cities. In this transformative shift, these actors will engage, collaborate, and participate in a continuous spiral of knowledge → action → knowledge spiral and back to knowledge loop, with the goal of co producing sustainable and resilient solutions to myriad urban challenges. Our framework for this transformative shift includes three pathways: (1) a repeating knowledge → action → knowledge spiral of ideas, information, and solutions produced by a diverse community of agents of urban change working together in an “urban sandbox”; (2) incorporation of a social–ecological–technological systems framework in this spiral and expanding the spiral temporally to include the “deep future,” where future scenarios are based on a visioning of seemingly unimaginable or plausible future states of cities that are sustainable and resilient; and (3) the expansion of the spiral in space, to include rural areas and places that are not yet cities. The three interrelated pathways that define the transformative shift demonstrate the power of an urban ecology that has moved beyond urban systems science and into a realm where collaborations among diverse knowledges and voices are working together to understand cities and what is urban while producing sustainable solutions to contemporary challenges and envisioning futures of socially, ecologically, and technologically resilient cities. We present case study examples of each of the three pathways that make up this transformative shift in urban ecology and discuss both limitations and opportunities for future research and action with this transdisciplinary broadening of the field.
The relational shift in urban ecology: From place and structures to multiple modes of coproduction for positive urban futures
Authors: Pickett Steward T. A. , Simone AbdouMaliq T. , Anderson Pippin , Sharifi Ayyoob , Barau Aliyu , Hoover Fushcia-Ann , Childers Daniel L. , McPhearson Timon , Muñoz-Erickson Tischa A. , Pacteau Chantal , Grove Morgan , Frantzeskaki Niki , Nagendra Harini , Ginsberg Joshua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis perspective emerged from ongoing dialogue among ecologists initiated by a virtual workshop in 2021. A transdisciplinary group of researchers and practitioners conclude that urban ecology as a science can better contribute to positive futures by focusing on relationships, rather than prioritizing urban structures. Insights from other relational disciplines, such as political ecology, governance, urban design, and conservation also contribute. Relationality is especially powerful given the need to rapidly adapt to the changing social and biophysical drivers of global urban systems. These unprecedented dynamics are better understood through a relational lens than traditional structural questions. We use three kinds of coproduction—of the social-ecological world, of science, and of actionable knowledge—to identify key processes of coproduction within urban places. Connectivity is crucial to relational urban ecology. Eight themes emerge from the joint explorations of the paper and point toward social action for improving life and environment in urban futures.
Shifting forward: Urban ecology in perspective
Authors: Pickett Steward T. A. , Frantzeskaki Niki , Andersson Erik , Barau Aliyu Salisu , Childers Daniel L. , Hoover Fushcia-Ann , Lugo Ariel E. , McPhearson Timon , Nagendra Harini , Schepers Selina , Sharifi Ayyoob 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe world has become urban; cities increasingly shape our worldviews, relation to other species, and the large-scale, long-term decisions we make. Cities are nature, but they need to align better with other ecosystems to avoid accelerating climate change and loss of biodiversity. We need a science to guide urban development across the diverse realities of global cities. This need can be met, in part, by shifts in urban ecology and its linkages to related sciences. This perspective is a “synthesis of syntheses”, consolidating ideas from the other articles in the Special Section. It re-examines the role of urban ecology, and explores its integration with other disciplines that study cities. We conclude by summarizing the next steps in the ongoing shift in urban ecology, which is fast becoming an integral part of urban studies.
Bias Correction and Trend Analysis of Temperature and Rainfall in Eastern India
Authors: Srivastava Rajiv Kumar , Sadhukhan Biplab , Chakraborty Arun , Panda Rabindra Kumar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn this study trend analysis and bias correction have been done for dry (January–May) and wet (June–September) seasons under two future climate period 2021–2050 and 2051–2080 with respect to the current climate period 1980–2012 in Eastern India. The different representative concentration pathways (RCPs) of 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5 were used to assess the future trend of the study area. Results indicate that the increasing RCP increases temperature (maximum and minimum) in all regions due to higher radiative forces (4–8.5 W/m2) with respect to the baseline temperature during the period 2051–2080. Further, the bias-corrected rainfall has a declined trend with respect to baseline, and RCP’s values for both the time slices (2021–2050 and 2051–2080) showed less scattering in the amount of rainfall for the wet season in comparison to the dry season.
A Decision Support Model for Barriers and Optimal Strategy Design in Sustainable Humanitarian Supply Chain Management
Authors: Chowdhury Md Maruf Hossan , Paul Sanjoy Kumar , Khan Eijaz Ahmed , Shakil Mahmud A. K. M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSustainable humanitarian supply chain (SHSC) management enables effective and efficient responses to natural and human-made disasters. Existing literature falls short of offering decision support (DS) models to address the barriers and strategies to designing SHSC. To this end, this study develops a DS model that identifies and prioritizes the barriers to SHSC and determines optimal strategies for mitigating those barriers. This study adopted both qualitative and quantitative approaches. As part of the qualitative approach, a field study was applied using in-depth interviews to determine the barriers and corresponding strategies, while under the quantitative approach, a quality function deployment (QFD) integrated optimization technique was used to prioritize barriers and determine optimal strategies to mitigate the SHSC barriers. The study found that a lack of contingency planning, the prevalence of corruption and political interference, and a lack of social and environmental awareness are the most important barriers, while logistics outsourcing, supply chain (SC) performance management, and SC flexibility are the most essential strategies. We also found that our DS model is highly flexible and can be adapted under different scenarios, which makes the model applicable to different contexts. This study has a significant contribution to literature and practice. We developed a novel decision model that captured cost savings and leveraged both cost and time savings from interrelated strategies to determine the best optimal strategy while applying QFD-integrated optimization modeling. The paper’s findings will assist humanitarian SC managers in designing an effective, efficient, and sustainable humanitarian SC.