bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Über die Veränderungen der Kohlenhydrathaltigen Serumproteine bei manchen allergischen Erkrankungen
Authors: Bodur Hatice 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBei 43 Fällen von verschiedenen allergischen Erkrankungen wurde der Gehalt von proteingebundenen Hexosen im Serum, sowie deren Verteilung auf die Albumin‐ und Globulinfraktion untersucht. Je nach dem Verlauf der Erkrankung konnten wir unsere Fälle in 2 Gruppen einteilen: in manifest verlaufende allergische Fälle, die eine Vermehrung des Hexosegehalts in der Globulinfraktion aufwiesen und in Fälle mit latentem Krankheitsverlauf, bei denen eine Verminderung der Hexosemengen in der Albuminfraktion festzustellen war.
Raman spectra of aliphatic chlorine compounds: I. Chloroethanes and chloropropanes
Authors: Gerding H. , Haring H. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn the present paper, No. I of a series comprising a comparative study of the Raman spectra of a great number of different kinds of aliphatic chlorine compounds, chloroethanes and chloropropanes are considered.Thirteen chloropropanes have been prepared and their Raman spectra determined. For twenty‐six of the twenty‐nine possible derivatives, frequency data therefore are now available. Quantitative polarization measurements have been carried out for the thirteen compounds and for six other chloropropanes for which only frequencies had been published.For the chloroethanes, chloropropanes, and a number of chlorobutanes. “specific group frequencies” have been inferred for the following groups: CH3CH2Cl, CHCl, CHCl2, CH2, and CCl3. The constancy of these characteristic frequencies is retained in compounds containing more of these groups, either similar or different.The influence which the degree of substitution of chlorine for hydrogen exerts on the numerical value of a specific group frequency gives indications as to the number of chlorine atoms present in the rest of the molecule. Regularities have been observed in the trend of the carbon‐carbon chain and carbon‐chlorine vibrational frequencies with the degree of substitution.No distinct indications of the presence of rotational isomerism in the compounds studied have been found.
Polymerization of ortho‐methoxy‐allyl benzene. Dimerization combined with hydration
Authors: van der Zanden J. M. , de Vries G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFor a hydrated dimer of ortho‐methoxy‐allyl benzene a description is given of the preparation and isolation, and of the manner in which we established the structure by decomposition and synthesis. The Experimental Part is followed by an enumeration of the compounds obtained during our investigation in so far as they are not mentioned in the literature.
The chemistry of acetylenic ethers XIV: The reaction of ethoxyacetylene with hydrazoic acid
Authors: Sinnema Y. A. , Arens J. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEthoxyacetylene I reacts easily with hydrazoic acid to yield 1,1‐diazido‐1‐ethoxy‐ethane II. The structure of this compound appears from the fact that aniline converts it into 1‐phenyl‐5‐methyltetrazole, whereas the action of ethanol or of sodium ethoxide leads to the formation of ethyl‐orthoacetate.
On the kinetics of the oxidation of phloroglucinol
Authors: Stein H. N. , Tendeloo H. J. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractKinetic experiments indicate that the first step of the oxidation of phloroglucinol by Fe (CN)6 − − − is reversible. The equilibrium concerned, however, is not stable, since one of the species participating, i.e. the first oxidation product of phloroglucinol, is broken down irreversibly. Some data are given about the reaction rates concerned, and the existence of a free radical as an experimentally accessible substance is established.
Raman spectra of aliphatic chlorine compounds: III. Chloropentenes and chloropentadienes
Authors: Gerding H. , Haring H. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Raman spectra are reported for the chloropentenes CHClCl. CHCl, CHCl. CHCl2 CHClCCl. CHCl. CHCl. CCl3, CCl2CCl. CHCl. CHCl. CHCl2, and CCl2CCl. CHCl. CHCl. CCl3 and for the chloropentadienes CHClCCl. CHCl. CClCHCl, CCl2  CCl. CHCl. CCl  CHCl, CHClCCl. CHCCl. CCl3, CCl2CCl, CHCCl. CCl3 and CCl2CCl. CClCCl.CCl3.A comparative study is made between these spectra, as well as those previously investigated by Gerding and Rijnders, and the spectra of chloropropanes and chloropropenes. The carbon‐carbon double‐bond frequency decreases with increasing substitution of chlorine for hydrogen in the single‐unsaturated compounds, just as in the chloropropenes. For the double‐unsaturated compounds a characteristic pattern of (C  C) Raman lines appears if the double bonds are conjugated, which allows of conclusions being drawn for a few compounds with regard to their structural formulae.Characteristic hydrogen frequencies deduced for CHCl2, CHCl, and  CHCl groups in these chlorohydrocarbons show values which for a number of compounds deviate from the “specific group frequencies” derived from the spectra of propanes and propenes.The evidence for the strong Raman line at about 400 cm−1 as characterizing a CCl3 group or the configuration magnified image, is considerably strengthened. Its frequency value increases with increasing mass MX.
The chemistry of acetylenic ethers XV: The reaction of ethoxyacetylene with aqueous solutions of tertiary aliphatic amines
Authors: Arens J. F. , Bouman J. G. , Koerts D. H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractEthoxyacetylene I reacts with tertiary aliphatic amines and water to yield (α‐ethoxyvinyl)‐trialkylammonium hydroxides II. Several crystalline salts of these bases were obtained. Catalytic hydrogenation of (α‐ethoxyvinyl)‐trimethylammonium iodide IIa yielded trimethylammonium iodide and diethyl ether.
Conversions of (3‐pyridyl)‐methanal
Authors: Wibaut J. P. , Wallingford H. P. , Rang H. J. , Kettenes D. K. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe reactions are described of (3‐pyridyl)‐methanal with acetic anhydride (formation of (3‐pyridyl)‐acrylic acid), with hippuric acid (synthesis of β‐(3‐pyridyl)‐alanine), with phenyl‐magnesium bromide (synthesis of (3‐pyridyl)‐phenyl‐carbinol), with the iodomethylate of α‐picoline, and with dimedone. (3‐pyridyl)‐methanal does give the Cannizzaro reaction, but not the pyridoin condensation.
The cleavage of some mixed aliphatic‐aromatic tin compounds by silver nitrate
Authors: Lesbre M. , Buisson S. R. , Luijten J. G. A. , van der Kerk G. J. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA quantitative study was made of the reaction between triethylphenyltin, diethyldiphenyltin, ethyltriphenyltin, and the corresponding n‐propyl‐phenyl compounds and silver nitrate in absolute ethanol at 25° C. The behaviour of the trialkyl and dialkyl compounds was markedly different from that of the monoalkyl compounds. In a tentative explanation the inductive (+ I) effect of the alkyl groups is held responsible for this phenomenon.
The oxidation of phenols with copper‐amine catalysts and its relation to the mode of action of tyrosinase III. Kinetics of the oxidation of monohydric phenols with copper‐morpholine complex as a homogeneous catalyst
Authors: Brackman W. , Havinga E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper the kinetics of the direct conversion of phenol into dimorpholino‐orthobenzoquinone in systems containing phenol, morpholine, copper salt, oxygen and solvent, are described.The reaction only proceeds, if the phenol concentration exceeds a certain critical value. An induction period is usually observed. The effect of concentrations, solvents and inhibitors upon the introduction period and the reaction rate has been studied.
Synthésé de quelques molecules fortement conjuguées pour les recherches cancérologiques
Authors: Buu‐Hoï N. G. Ph. , Eckert Bernard 
Published: September 2010

AbstractUn certain nombre de composés dont la molécule présente un fort degré de conjugaison, et qui dérivent du pyrène, de l'acénaphthène, ou du 1,4‐distyrylbenzène, ont été synthétisés en vue de leur étude biologique. Malgré leur degré de conjugaison, tous ces composés sont inactifs au point de vue du pouvoir cancérogène sur la peau.
Studies on vitamin D and related compounds III. Short communication on the cis‐trans isomerization of calciferol and the properties of “trans”‐vitamin D2
Authors: Verloop A. , Koevoet A. L. , Havinga E. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIsomerization of vitamin D2 in apolar solvents at room temperature under the influence of small amounts of iodine in diffuse daylight yields a compound that could be isolated in the form of the crystalline phenylazobenzoate. Spectra of solutions of the free vitamin D isomer obtained upon saponification of the ester are presented. They support the view that the isomer should be considered as trans‐vitamin D2 having structure A (fig. 3).
The directive influence of the N‐oxide group during the nitration of derivatives of pyridine‐n‐oxide (III). The nitration of 2‐ and 3‐methoxypyridine‐N‐oxide
Authors: den Hertog H. J. , van Ammers M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe nitration of 2‐hydroxypyridine‐N‐oxide, according to Lott and Shaw 3), has been repeated. The same nitration product as described by these authors was obtained; a new proof of its structure affirmed that the nitro group in this compound occupies the 5‐position.Whereas thus in the nucleus the directive effect of the hydroxy group is not surpassed by that of the N‐oxide group, the influence of the methoxy group appears to be smaller, for during the nitration of both 2‐ and 3‐methoxy‐pyridine‐N‐oxide the 4‐nitro compounds are the sole reaction products isolated.
The directive influence of the N‐oxide group during the nitration of derivatives of pyridine N‐oxide (IV). Nitration of 3‐bromo‐5‐methoxy‐ and 3,5‐dimethoxypyridine‐N‐oxide
Authors: den Hertog H. J. , van Ammers M. , Schukking S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWhereas the nitration of 3‐bromo‐, 3,5‐dibromo‐, as well as of 3‐methoxypyridine‐N‐oxide yields the 4‐nitro compound, from the mixture obtained in the nitration of 3‐bromo‐5‐methoxypyridine‐N‐oxide the 6‐nitro derivative has been isolated as the sole reaction product. Also from 3,5‐dimethoxypyridine‐N‐oxide the 2‐(=6‐) nitro, and not the 4‐nitro derivative is obtained.
On the physiological activity of diazo anhydrides. I: Diazotetronic anhydrides and related compounds
Authors: Pons L. , Veldstra H. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractDiazotetronic anhydride, which contains the (N2)CHCO.O.CH2‐grouping ‐ characteristic for the antibiotic azaserine ‐ in a cyclic structure was assayed for inhibitory activity in a number of tests, together with a series of its γ‐substituted derivatives and some related compounds. The properties of diazotetronic anhydride parallel those of azaserine to a large extent. In some cases its antibacterial activity is higher than that of the antibiotic. The activity of the structurally related 3‐chlorobenzene‐6‐diazo oxide against Ebert. typhi practically equals that of chloramphenicol (in vitro).The blastocoline activity (inhibition of seed‐germination) of diazotetronic anhydride is comparable with that of coumarine, while rootgrowth inhibition is of the same order as in the case of azaserine. Oxygen consumption by rat liver homogenate is reduced by addition of the compound.At low concentrations filament formation in E. coli (inhibition of cell division) is observed.Structural similarities between diazotetronic anhydride, benzenediazo oxides, diazouracil, the antibiotics azaserine and cycloserine (oxamycine) and the internal salt of 2,5‐bis‐ethylenimino‐hydroquinone (highly active against a number of transplantable tumors) are pointed out, also in connection with their activities.
Fatty acid oxidation in normal and neoplastic tissues: Octanoate oxidation by tumor mitochondria in relation to biochemical properties governing structural integrity
Authors: Emmelot P. , Bos C. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe fatty acid oxidation of normal liver mitochondria was found to be inhibited after the addition of mitochondria from many transplanted and spontaneous mouse tumors. This inhibitory effect was not an exclusive property of tumor mitochondria, it was also exhibited by rat brain mitochondria and by liver mitochondria pre‐incubated at 37° C in the absence of substrates. Addition of fluoride to the combined system of tumor and liver mitochondria counteracted the inhibitory effect of the former on the fatty add oxidation of the latter. These results, obtained with the Warburg technique, were confirmed and substantiated by experiments with radioactive substrates.The conditions governing the inhibitory effect were studied, and it was found that those conditions which favoured the latency of the mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate‐splitting activities resulted in a disappearance of the inhibitory effect in many cases. It was concluded for the present that, by the splitting of adenosine triphosphate, the active adenosine triphosphatase of the tumor mitochondria prevented the ATP‐dependent formation of the acyl‐co‐enzyme A bond, which is a prerequisite for the fatty acid oxidation of the liver mitochondria.The tumors studied could be listed in the order of an increasing tendency to show the inhibitory effect as a result of different treatment during preparation of the mitochondria.During this investigation it was demonstrated for the first time that mitochondria from various transplanted tumors, if isolated in isotonic sucrose‐containing versene, are capable of oxidizing octanoate.The osmotic behaviour of liver and tumor mitochondria was also studied, and some direct measurements of the inorganic phosphate liberated from ATP by the action of these mitochondria were made.
Equilibria in polyamide systems from ϵ‐caprolactam and water
Authors: van Velden P. F. , Heikens D. , Hermans P. H. , van der Want G. M. , Kruissink Ch. A. , Staverman A. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractNylon 6 type polyamide equilibrium products prepared from ε‐caprolactam and water in closed systems at temperatures of 222 and 254° C have been investigated. Unconverted caprolactam, higher membered cyclic compounds, chain fractions and end‐groups (−NH2 and −COOH) were determined quantitatively. Percentages of caprolactam and higher rings increase with increasing temperature and/or increasing water content (corresponding to decreasing DP) of equilibrium products. Number‐average DP of chain fractions varied from ∼ 100 → 10 in the range investigated. The results have been evaluated in terms of equilibrium constants on the basis of plausible theoretical considerations including the Flory‐Schulz distribution of chain lengths.The equilibrium constant of the polycondensation reaction has been found to decrease with decreasing DP of products. This behaviour is in accordance with similar results obtained for different polyamide equilibrium products. Possible explanations are discussed. A comparison with some data available from the literature is included.
Raman spectra of aliphatic chlorine compounds: V. Chloroethers and chloroalcohols
Authors: Gerding H. , Haring H. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Raman spectra of a number of chloroethers and chloroalcohols are communicated, several of which contain the grouping CCl3CHCl. CH2‐ or CHCl2CHCl. CH2‐. A comparative study of these spectra reveals that specific group frequencies deduced for the chloropropanes retain their values in the ethers and alcohols, and that additional characteristic frequencies may be distinguished for the configurations ‐OCH3 and ‐CH2O‐.For a number of the compounds studied, structural formulae which had not yet been established with certainty could be confirmed by means of Raman analysis, i.e. on account of specific group frequencies and spectral analogies observed.As a final conclusion from our Raman spectroscopic investigations on aliphatic chlorine compounds the “specific group frequencies” deduced are summarized.
Raman analysis of polychloro compounds from the condensation of chloral with 1,2‐dichloroethene
Authors: Haring H. G. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper describes the Raman spectroscopical investigations which contributed to the elucidation of the chemical structure of the compounds obtained by the condensation of chloral with 1,2‐dichloroethene. As has been pointed out in the chemical part of this study, decomposition (by the action of aluminium chloride) of 1,1,1,3,4,4‐hexachloro‐2‐methoxybutane yielded the same compounds, but in other proportions.The Raman spectra are discussed of various fractions, obtained through distillation in vacuo. In several of these spectra “extra lines” indicated the presence of contaminations; these have been identified by their characteristic Raman lines.“Group frequency analysis”, in addition to the chemical evidence obtained, allowed of a final conclusion concerning the structural formulae of some of the compounds.
The polarographic reduction of conjugated hydrocarbons: VI. Comparison of Hückel's and Wheland's m.o. approximation with experimental half‐wave potentials of various alternant and non‐alternant hydrocarbons
Authors: Hoijtink G. J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOn the basis of the results reported in the foregoing papers IV and V and the data obtained byBergman2) from the reduction of various aromatic hydrocarbons in ethylene glycol mono‐methyl ether Maccoll's relationship between the experimental halfwave potential and the root a of the m.o. secular equation corresponding to the lowest non‐occupied π‐electronic level has been investigated in more detail. It is shown that the half‐wave potentials of 38 alternant and non‐alternant hydrocarbons being reduced according to the mechanism inferred in paper IV satisfy the relationship:The mean value of the resonance parameter γ in e.v. for various experimental:magnified imageThe half‐wave potentials of the univalent anions of various conjugated hydrocarbons determined by the equilibrium R′ + e ⇋ R″ in 96% dioxan‐water and the half‐wave potential of the radical triphenylmethyl fit the relationship.In this case the mean value of γ following fromHückel's and Wheland'm.o. approximation becomes −2.82 ± 0.13 and −2.57 ± 0.11 e.V., respectivelly.In accordance with the discussion given in paper V the half‐wave potentials of various l‐n‐diarylpolyenes show a slight departure from the linear relationship.The addition of an electron to non‐planar hydrocarbons may involve a decrease in the mutual hindrance between the integral parts of the system, since the lenght of the carbons bonds in the negative ions formed, will be greater than in the original hydrocarbons. Owing to this “resonance stabilisation” the difference between the experimental half‐wave potential and the one computed with the aid of the linear relationship assuming a planar structure, is sometimes appreciably larger (dibiphenylene‐ethene) or smaller (cis1,2‐diphenylethene andcis, cis1,4‐diphenylbutadiene‐1,3) than we might expect from the non‐planarity of the reducible hydrocarbon.
The photochlorination of butyryl and valeryl chloride: (Preliminary communication)
Authors: den Hertog H. J. , de Vries B. , van Bragt J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSome preliminary experiments on the photochlorination of butyryl and valeryl chloride in the liquid and the vapour phase are described.The chlorination of butyryl chloride in the liquid phase yields about equal quantities of β‐ and γ‐chlorobutyryl chloride and only a small amount of the α‐chloro compound. In the gas phase somewhat more of the β‐chloro derivative is formed.In the chlorination of valeryl chloride, too, the substitution preferentially occurs in positions remote from the carbochloride group. This result differs considerably from that obtained by Bruylants and collaborators'). These authors report that in the gas phase, together with a small amount of the a‐chloro compound, only β‐ and γ‐chlorovaleryl chloride are formed, whereas we have found that the reaction mixture contains, in addition to the above‐mentioned substances, 25‐30% of δ‐chlorovaleryl chloride. Our results do not support the hypothesis of Bruylants c.s. that the course of the chlorination depends on a cyclic conformation of the acid halides.
Ueber die Isolierung und Strukturaufklärung eines neuen Alkaloids aus Sedum acre L: (Vorläufige Mitteilung)
Authors: Beyerman H. C. , Muller Yvonne M. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractExtracts of Sedum acre L. were analysed by chromatography on paper. Sedamine and nicotine reported to occur in S. acre could not be found, but several spots marked the presence of other alkaloids.One of these alkaloids — was isolated and is shown to be the dextro‐rotatory component of the racemate with m.p. 75° of 1‐(2‐piperidyl)‐2‐propanol (III, “dihydroisopelletierine”, ( + )‐sedridine). Some (±)‐sedridine was also found.Possible implications of these findings are indicated.
Potentiometric estimation of vanadium. I. Reduction of quinquevalent vanadium with quinquevalent tungsten or quadrivalent uranium
Authors: Tourky A. Riad , Issa I. M. , Daess A. M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIt has been found that V+5 can be potentiometrically estimated by titrating it with W+5 or U+4. The process is applicable to small quantities of vanadium as low as 30 γ the titration curves are smooth with sharp inflections. The most favourable results are obtained with W+5 in the presence of 7‐8 N HCl and 0.1‐8 N H3PO4, both at room temperature and at 60°C. With U+4 the best results are obtained in ∼ 2 N HCl.
On the synthesis and stereochemistry of sedamine
Authors: Beyerman H. C. , Eveleens W. , Muller Yvonne M. F. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA simple synthesis of the alkaloid (±)‐sedamine, which gives further proof of its assumed structure, is reported; some improvements on a known synthesis are also given.From the mother liquors of the former syntheses a diastereoisomer of (±)‐sedamine, which is named (±)‐isosedamine, has been isolated.(±)‐Sedamine was resolved and (−)‐sedamine is described. The various stereoisomers are discussed also in relation to their infrared spectra.
An adiabatic calorimeter for measuring heat of solution (short communication)
Authors: Coops J. , Balk A. N. , Tolk M. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAn adiabatic calorimeter has been developed for the measurement of the heat of solution. By means of a thermistor temperature changes of about 0.04°C can be measured with a precision better than 4 × 10−5° C, hence only small amounts of solute are required. As a check of accuracy the integral heat of solution of KCl in H2O at 25°C up to a concentration of 2 × 10−4 molar was directly determined as 17.24±0.03 kj per moleFor the “uncertainty interval” is used twice the standard deviation of the mean, i.e.
equation image
, as recommended bij F. D. Rossini and W. E. Deming, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 29, 416 (1939). The probability that the measured quantity lies within this limit is 96%.
).
The effect of long‐chain alcohols on the properties of sodium laurate solutions. Part II. Critical micelle concentration
Authors: Harva O. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe effect of monohydric alcohols from hexanol to decanol and of the dihydric alcohols, 1,2‐decanediol and 1,10‐decanediol, on the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of sodium laurate in aqueous solution at pH 11 has been investigated at 24°C.Only up to a certain alcohol concentration was a linear relation found to apply between the CMC and the alcohol concentration. The break points in the CMC against alcohol concentration curves are attributed to complex formation between the laurate anion and the alcohol molecule. When, however, complex formation between the solutes does not occur, as is assumed to be the case for 1,10‐decanediol and sodium laurate, the CMC is found to be a linear function of the alcohol concentration up to the saturation concentration of the diol in aqueous solution, and no break point is observed in the CMC against alcohol concentration curve.