bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stiff‐person syndrome presenting as eating disorder: A case report
Authors: Cuturic Miroslav , Harden Laurie M. , Kannaday Melissa H. , Campbell Nioaka N. , Harding Richard K. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:To report a case of a 35‐year‐old female initially treated for anorexia nervosa who was found to have Stiff‐Person Syndrome (SPS).Method:Case report.Results:The patient reported panic attacks at meal times that were found to consist of tetanic contractions of the axial musculature. Swallowing initiated reflexive painful muscle spasms that consequently resulted in cibophobia and significant weight loss. Her serum tested positive for anti‐glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies, and she subsequently improved with appropriate treatment for SPS.Discussion:SPS has not been previously reported in the context of eating disorders, although it has been linked to other psychiatric disorders. Often the psychiatrist may be the first physician to diagnose SPS. We present this case to alert practitioners to the potential co‐morbidity and symptom overlap between SPS and eating disorders, to aid in early recognition and appropriate treatment of this rare illness. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:284–286)
Update on course and outcome in eating disorders
Authors: Keel Pamela K. , Brown Tiffany A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:To review recent studies describing eating disorder course and outcome.Method:Electronic and manual searches were conducted to identify relevant articles published since 2004.Results:Twenty‐six articles were identified. For anorexia nervosa (AN), most patients ascertained through outpatient settings achieved remission by 5‐year follow‐up. Inpatient treatment predicted poor prognosis as inpatient samples demonstrated lower remission rates. Outcome differed between bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS), including binge eating disorder (BED), for shorter follow‐up durations; however, outcomes appeared similar between BN and related EDNOS by 5‐year follow‐up. Greater psychiatric comorbidity emerged as a significant predictor of poor prognosis in BN, whereas few prognostic indicators were identified for BED or other EDNOS.Discussion:Results support optimism for most patients with eating disorders. However, more effective treatments are needed for adult AN inpatients and approximately 30% of patients with BN and related EDNOS who remain ill 10–20 years following presentation. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010
Abuse and clinical value of diuretics in eating disorders therapeutic applications
Authors: Mascolo Margherita , Chu Eugene S. , Mehler Philip S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective:Diuretic abuse as a means of purging is common in patients with bulimia nervosa. We sought to illustrate the pathophysiologic effects of diuretics and purging on a patient with bulimia nervosa's fluid and electrolyte status and to clarify the role of diuretics in the management of volume status during refeeding.Method:We reviewed the literature pertaining to diuretic abuse, purging, bulimia nervosa, and diuretic therapy.Results:Purging behaviors lead to volume depletion and a state of heightened aldosterone production. Patients with bulimia nervosa commonly undergo rapid rehydration with intravenous fluid administration. In the setting of hyperaldostreronism, aggressive rehydration leads to avid salt retention and the development of marked amounts of edema.Discussion:Providers should understand both the background renal pathophysiology of the patient with bulimia nervosa and the mechanisms of action of diuretics to correctly use diuretics as focused therapeutic agents for this patient population. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:200–202)
An experimental study on wideband wave absorber using periodically‐arranged short carbon fibers
Authors: Doi Toru , Hashimoto Osamu , Tanaka Takao , Umemura Ichiro 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper examines λ/4 type wave absorbers using periodically‐arranged short carbon fibers whose length is λ/2 or λ/4 for two arbitrary frequencies. Measurements on these wave absorbers show wideband absorption characteristics of about 20 dB from 4 to 7 GHz, and the thickness of the absorbers is 34% that of traditional λ/4 wave absorbers at 4.5 GHz. We also estimated the surface resistance of the aspect‐arranged short carbon fibers to support the theoretical design of the absorber, and agreement of the calculated and measured absorption characteristics of the wave absorbers was obtained. Then, for various thicknesses and materials of the spacer, we calculated the absorption characteristics by using the estimated surface impedance. The calculated spacer thickness was smaller and the absorption characteristic was wider than the measured values. The results show that the design of wave absorbers using periodically‐arranged short carbon filters is theoretically possible. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(3): 16–23, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10209
Analysis of millimeter‐wave amplifier module with surface wave mode transmission line by FDTD electromagnetic‐semiconductor device co‐simulation
Authors: Ishikawa Ryo , Honjo Kazuhiko , Nakajima Masayuki 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDirect analysis of a millimeter‐wave amplifier module by using FDTD electromagnetic and semiconductor device co‐simulation technique is demonstrated. The millimeter‐wave amplifier module consists of an HFET and planar dielectric transmission lines (PDTL) for the 60‐GHz region. A PDTL with a surface wave transmission mode has a low‐loss transmission characteristic in the millimeter‐wave region when a low‐loss ceramic substrate is used. However, the transmission wave of the PDTL tends to be scattered by irregular structures and impedance mismatching. Furthermore, it is predicted that scattered waves reflected at the edges of the substrate will interfere with incident and transmission waves on the PDTL. Using the co‐simulation technique, the influence of the scattering waves is investigated in detail for the amplifier module. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electron Comm Jpn, 93(3): 8–15, 2010; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/ecj.10211
Complement fragments C3a and C5a: The salt and pepper of the immune response
Authors: Sacks Steven H. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe influence of complement on B‐cell responses has been known for many years, but the notion that T‐cell recognition, expansion and differentiation are complement dependent has only recently gained impetus. DC, and to a lesser extent T cells, produce a range of complement components necessary for complement activation, and these cells also express receptors that detect complement‐activation products such as C3a and C5a (anaphylatoxins). In the absence of C3a‐receptor (C3aR) signalling, DC lose their capacity to induce potent Th1 responses against alloantigen and also favour the emergence of Treg. A study in this issue of the European Journal of Immunology not only spotlights the importance of C5aR signalling in DC interaction with T cells, but also shows how cooperation with other signalling pathways determines the outcome of T‐cell activation. Remove C5aR from the equation, TLR2‐stimulated DC induce naive CD4+ Th cells to undergo differentiation not only mainly to Th17 cells but also to Treg, via a TGF‐β‐dependent pathway. Thus, anaphylatoxins in conjunction with other danger signalling pathways modify the function of DC in antigen presentation and help to shape the primary immune response. Future work will need to address the impact of anaphylatoxins on protective immunity in vivo and determine the wider implications of anaphylatoxins for allo‐ and autoimmunity.
O,N‐Bidentate Ruthenium Azo Complexes as Catalysts for Olefin Isomerization Reactions
Authors: Ding Fu , Sun Yaguang , Verpoort Francis 
Published: February 2010

AbstractA series of ruthenium complexes [(η6‐p‐cymene)RuCl(L)] [ligands L incorporate an azo group (1–5) or an imino group (6–7)] have been synthesized and studied as olefin isomerization catalyst with allylbenzene and 1‐octene as model substrates. Temperature and catalyst/substrate mol ratio have been taken into account as parameters to optimize the isomerization reaction conditions. By using 1H, 13C NMR, FT‐IR and microanalysis, the new complexes have been characterized and the molecular structure of complex 4 has been determined by crystal structure determination.
Three‐dimensional flow of upper‐convected Maxwell (UCM) fluid
Authors: Hayat T. , Awais M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAn analysis has been carried out for three‐dimensional fluid over a stretching surface. Similarity transformations are invoked for the conversion of nonlinear partial differential equations to the ordinary differential equations. Computations for the series solution are made by using homotopy analysis method. Graphical results are obtained. Attention has been particularly given to the influence of Deborah number. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Molecular analysis of gastric differentiated‐type intramucosal and submucosal cancers
Authors: Sugai Tamotsu , Habano Wataru , Endoh Masaki , Konishi Yasuhiro , Akasaka Risaburo , Toyota Minoru , Yamano Hiroo , Koeda Keisuke , Wakabayashi Go , Suzuki Kazuyuki 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIdentification of the molecular characteristics of intramucosal (IMCs) and submucosal cancers (SMCs) is essential to our understanding of early gastric carcinogenesis. However, little is known regarding the differences between the 2 lesions. One hundred and forty‐eight patients with primary early gastric cancer [IMC, 106; SMC, 42] were characterized for expression of cell cycle‐related proteins and loss of heterozygosity (LOH). We also examined microsatellite instability (MSI) and methylation status. For LOH and methylation studies, we used a panel of 17 microsatellite markers (3p, 4p, 5q, 9p. 13q, 17p, 18q and 22q) and promoter regions of 9 genes (MLH‐1, RUNX3, p16, HPP1, RASSF2A, SFRP1, DKK‐1, ZFP64 and SALL4) that are frequently altered or methylated in gastric cancers. Overexpression of p53 and cyclin D1 was observed in SMC. In addition, low expression of p27 was more frequent in SMC than in IMC. Frequencies of 4p, 9p, 13q and 22q were significantly higher in SMC than in IMC. The SALL4 gene was frequently methylated in SMC compared with IMC. However, other gene methylations were common in both IMC and SMC. The frequency of LOH‐high status/methylation‐low status was significantly higher in SMC than in IMC. However, LOH‐low status/methylation‐high status in SMC was more frequently found in IMC. Our data confirm that methylation of cancer‐related genes plays a major role in the development of IMCs. Importantly, the results also show that gastric submucosal progression is characterized by the accumulation of specific genetic alterations. In addition, changes of cell cycle‐related proteins are associated with cancer progression.
Promoter DNA hypermethylation in gastric biopsies from subjects at high and low risk for gastric cancer
Authors: Schneider Barbara G. , Peng Dun‐Fa , Camargo M. Constanza , Piazuelo M. Blanca , Sicinschi Liviu A. , Mera Robertino , Romero‐Gallo Judith , Delgado Alberto G. , Bravo Luis E. , Wilson Keith T. , Peek Richard M. , Correa Pelayo , El‐Rifai Wael 
Published: February 2010

AbstractGene promoter CpG island hypermethylation is associated with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and may be an important initiator of gastric carcinogenesis. To examine factors influencing methylation, we utilized bisulfite Pyrosequencing® technology for quantitative analysis of promoter DNA methylation in RPRM, APC, MGMT and TWIST1 genes using DNA from 86 gastric biopsies from Colombian residents of areas with high and low incidence of gastric cancer. H. pylori colonies were cultured from the same subjects, and gastric pathology was evaluated. Virulence factors cagA (including segments of the 3′ end, encoding EPIYA polymorphisms) and vacA s and m regions were characterized in the H. pylori strains. Using univariate analysis, we found significantly elevated levels of RPRM and TWIST1 promoter DNA methylation in biopsies from residents of the high‐risk region compared to those from residents of the low‐risk region. The presence of cagA and vacA s1m1 alleles were independently associated with elevated levels of promoter DNA methylation of RPRM and MGMT. Using multivariate analysis, DNA methylation of RPRM was associated with location of residence, cagA and vacA s1m1 status and methylation of TWIST1. We conclude that cagA and vacA virulence determinants are significantly associated with quantitative differences in promoter DNA methylation in these populations, but that other as yet undefined factors that differ between the populations may also contribute to variation in methylation status.
Depletion of the human Nα‐terminal acetyltransferase A induces p53‐dependent apoptosis and p53‐independent growth inhibition
Authors: Gromyko Darina , Arnesen Thomas , Ryningen Anita , Varhaug Jan Erik , Lillehaug Johan R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe human protein Nα‐terminal acetyltransferase A complex (hNatA), composed of the catalytic hNaa10p (hArd1) and auxiliary hNaa15p (hNat1/NATH/Tubedown) subunits, was reported to be important for cell survival and growth of various types of cancer. However, little is known about the mechanisms mediating growth inhibition and apoptosis following loss of hNatA function. Here, we have screened 11 different thyroid cell lines for hNAA10 RNAi phenotypes and observed mostly growth inhibition, which was independent of TP53 functional status and developed by several different mechanisms involving (i) downregulation of cyclin D1, (ii) increase in p27/Kip1 and (iii) inactivation of Rb/E2F pathway. hNatA depletion in aggressive thyroid cancer cell lines (8305C, CAL‐62 and FTC‐133) with mutated TP53 increased sensitivity to drug‐induced cytotoxicity, but in a cell type specific manner: 8305C (TRAIL), CAL‐62 (daunorubicin) and FTC‐133 (troglitazone). Cells harboring wild‐type TP53 were also prone to apoptosis via the p53 pathway after hNatA downregulation. Importantly, in hNatA‐depleted cells DNA‐damage signaling was activated in the absence of exogenous DNA damage independent on TP53 status. Our findings indicate that several mechanisms of growth inhibition and apoptosis may be induced by hNatA knockdown and that hNatA knockdown could be exploited for use in combinatorial chemotherapy.
Controlled release of dexamethasone from subcutaneously‐implanted biosensors in pigs: Localized anti‐inflammatory benefit without systemic effects
Authors: Ward W. Kenneth , Hansen Jillian C. , Massoud Ryan G. , Engle Julia M. , Takeno Marc M. , Hauch Kip D. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractChronically implanted biosensors typically lose sensitivity 1–2 months after implantation, due in large part to the development of a collagen‐rich capsule that prevents analytes of interest from reaching the biosensor. Corticosteroids are likely candidates for reducing collagen deposition but these compounds have many serious side effects when given over a prolonged period. One method of assessing whether or not locally released corticosteroids have a systemic effect is to measure cortisol concentrations in venous serum. We hypothesized that a very low release rate of the potent corticosteroid, dexamethasone, would lead to a localized anti‐inflammatory effect without systemic effects. We found that reduction in subcutaneous granulocytes (primarily eosinophils), and to a lesser extent, reduction of macrophages served as a good local indicator of the steroid effect. When released over a 28‐day period, a total dexamethasone dose of ≤0.1 mg/kg led to a consistent reduction in the number of granulocytes and macrophages found in the local vicinity of the implant without a reduction of these cells at distant tissue locations. The lack of suppression of serum cortisol with these doses confirmed that low‐release rates of dexamethasone can lead to consistent local anti‐inflammatory effects without distant, systemic effects. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010
Repair of large cranial defects by hBMP‐2 expressing bone marrow stromal cells: Comparison between alginate and collagen type I systems
Authors: Chang Sophia Chia Ning , Chung Hui‐Ying , Tai Ching‐Lung , Chen Philips Kuo Ting , Lin Tsung‐Min , Jeng Long‐Bin 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDespite a wide range of available sources for bone repair, significant limitations persist. To bioengineer bone, we have previously transferred adenovirus‐mediated human BMP‐2 gene into autologous bone marrow stromal cells (MSC). We have successfully repaired large, full thickness, cranial defects using this approach. We report now the effectiveness of various hydrogels as the scaffold for this type of bone regeneration, comparing specifically alginate with Type I collagen. Cultured MSC of miniature swine were infected with BMP‐2 or β‐gal adenovirus 7 days before implantation. These cells were mixed with alginate, ultrapure alginate, alginate‐RGD, or type I collagen to fabricate the MSC/biomaterial constructs. The results of cranial bone regeneration were assessed by gross examination, histology, 3D CT, and biomechanical tests at 6 weeks and 3 months after implantation. We found that the BMP‐2 MSC/collagen type I construct, but not the β‐gal control, effectively achieved nearly complete repair of the cranial defects. No bone regeneration was observed with the other hydrogels. Biomechanical testing showed that the new bone strength was very close and only slightly inferior to that of normal cranial bone. Controlling for the integration of stem cells and ex vivo gene transfer, the alginate scaffolds has a significant negative impact on the success of the construct. Our study demonstrates better bone regeneration by collagen type I over alginate. This may have therapeutic implications for tissue engineered bone repair. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
An improved collagen scaffold for skeletal regeneration
Authors: Oliveira Serafim M. , Ringshia Rushali A. , Legeros Racquel Z. , Clark Elizabeth , Yost Michael J. , Terracio Louis , Teixeira Cristina C. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBone repair and regeneration is one of the most extensively studied areas in the field of tissue engineering. All of the current tissue engineering approaches to create bone focus on intramembranous ossification, ignoring the other mechanism of bone formation, endochondral ossification. We propose to create a transient cartilage template in vitro, which could serve as an intermediate for bone formation by the endochondral mechanism once implanted in vivo. The goals of the study are (1) to prepare and characterize type I collagen sponges as a scaffold for the cartilage template, and (2) to establish a method of culturing chondrocytes in type I collagen sponges and induce cell maturation. Collagen sponges were generated from a 1% solution of type I collagen using a freeze/dry technique followed by UV light crosslinking. Chondrocytes isolated from two locations in chick embryo sterna were cultured in these sponges and treated with retinoic acid to induce chondrocyte maturation and extracellular matrix deposition. Material strength testing as well as microscopic and biochemical analyzes were conducted to evaluate the properties of sponges and cell behavior during the culture period. We found that our collagen sponges presented improved stiffness and supported chondrocyte attachment and proliferation. Cells underwent maturation, depositing an abundant extracellular matrix throughout the scaffold, expressing high levels of type X collagen, type I collagen and alkaline phosphatase. These results demonstrate that we have created a transient cartilage template with potential to direct endochondral bone formation after implantation. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Solvent‐free biodegradable scleral plugs providing sustained release of vancomycin, amikacin, and dexamethasone—An in vivo study
Authors: Peng Yi‐Jie , Kau Yi‐Chuan , Wen Chin‐Wei , Liu Kuo‐Sheng , Liu Shih‐Jung 
Published: February 2010

AbstractDelivering effective drugs at sufficiently high concentrations to the area of infection is a standard treatment for infectious disease, such as endophthalmitis. This is currently done by empirical trans pars plana intravitreal injection of both antibiotics directed against gram‐positive and gram‐negative microorganisms and steroids. However, injections by needles repeatedly may increase the risks of intraocular infection and hemorrhage, as well as retinal detachment. This article explores the alternative of using biodegradable polymers as scleral plugs for a long‐term drug release in vivo. To manufacture plugs, poly(lactide‐glycolide) copolymers were first mixed with vancomycin, amikacin, and dexamethasone. The mixture was compressed and sintered at 55°C to form scleral plugs 1.4 mm in diameter. Biodegradable scleral plugs released high concentrations of antibiotics (well above the minimum inhibitory concentrations, MIC) and steroids in vivo for the period of time needed to treat intraocular infection. In addition, no major complications such as infectious or sterile endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, ocular phthisis, or uvea protrusion at sclerotomy site were observed throughout the experiment. The sclerotomy wound healed after total degradation of the scleral implants without leakage or local necrosis. Antibiotic/steroid‐impregnated biodegradable scleral plugs may have a potential role in the treatment of various intraocular infections. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res 2010
Multifunctional implant surfaces: Surface characterization and bone response to acid‐etched Ti implants surface‐modified by fibrillar collagen I
Authors: Morra M. , Cassinelli C. , Cascardo G. , Bollati D. , Rodriguez y Baena R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe goal of the study was the evaluation of the effect of biochemical surface modification by collagen on the bone response to acid‐etched titanium surfaces. Fibrillar type I porcine collagen was adsorbed and covalently linked to acid‐etched Ti disks and implants. Adhesion, growth, and specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of osteoblast‐like SaOS2 cells were evaluated. Implants in the femur and tibia of rabbit were performed for 2 and 4 weeks and relevant bone to implant contact (BIC) was evaluated by histomorphometry. Results show that cell morphology and growth are controlled by the rough acid‐etched implants topography. Specific metabolic activity (ALP) is significantly increased by the collagen overlayer. Importantly, surface modification by collagen increases the speed of periimplant bone formation, resulting in significantly higher BIC both in femur and tibia at 2 weeks. These results suggest that morphological (surface topography) and biochemical (surface linking of bioactive molecules) cues can cooperate and yield multifunctional implant surfaces. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010