bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
AGU Scholars
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Recognizing the strong support of the American Geophysical Union and its substantial contribution to the American Geological Institute's Minority Participation Program, twelve of the 1979–1980 scholarship recipients were designated ‘AGU Scholars.’ Because of a matching grant from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to increase the number of minority students studying in fields related to the development of marine and coastal resources, two students were designated AGU Sea Grant ScholarsThe AGU Scholars, all of whom have elected courses of study related to the broad areas of interest of the Union, are Rena G. Boggs, an earth science student at Columbus College; Rufus D. Catchings, a marine geology student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Patricia M. Ford, an earth science student at the University of New Orleans; John F. Guadagnoli, an earth science student at Highlands University; Joseph M. Hayden, a geophysics student at the University of Oklahoma; Steven M. Hunter, a recently graduated student at the University of Wisconsin, who will be continuing his studies at the University of Wyoming; Daniel M. Melendez, a meteorology student at Florida State University; Gary M. Mercado, a geophysics student at North Arizona University; Brian Rodriguez, a geophysics student at the University of California; and David M. Trujillo, an earth science student at New Mexico Highland University.
Harnessing ocean energy
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

The authors of an article in a recent issue of Oceanus (22, Winter, 1979/1980) say that…rivers flowing into the sea could provide enough salinity‐gradient power to meet 10 percent of present global demands. There is fifty times more energy in the Florida Current than in all the rivers of the world. OTEC, the most publicized experiment in ocean energy (the acronym stands for ocean thermal energy conversion), is thought by its supporters capable ultimately of equalling something on the order of a third of present installed electric capacity in this country. The wave energy flux along a hundred kilometers of the most promising coasts translates into the output of a large generating plant. An all‐out wind conversion program along our coasts could produce more than a billion kilowatt‐hours annually within twenty years. If the long life of most tidal facilities is taken into account, tidal power probably is economically competitive with other forms of generation right now. Marine biomass may become an important source of fuel and food, and breakthroughs in our knowledge of chemosynthesis and other bacterial activity may open even wider horizons.
Instrumentation grants
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

Geoscientists John Cowley and Peter Buseck, jointly with chemists LeRoy Eryring and John Spence, were awarded $1.5 million by the NSF to add instrumentation and computer analysis to the Arizona State University electron microscope facility. This large grant is a portion of $11.39 million, recently awarded by the NSF, designated for the establishment of regional instrumentation facilities. Arizona State is one of eight universities to receive regional facility grants in the second year of this program.This granting program is in response to the equipment problem that has plagued university laboratories nationwide. The decade of the ′70's brought significant advances in the state of the art of the apparatus in many fields, which had the result of leaving many laboratories in a noncompetitive position. In many instances, equipment has simply worn out, and federal government granting agencies have provided few funds for replacement or update.
Zurich to cease compiling sunspot series
Authors: Greathouse Lee 
Published: October 2011

By the end of this year, one of the oldest continuous series of astronomical data—the Zurich Relative Sunspot Numbers—will no longer be compiled. Other indexes of sunspot activity are under consideration as replacements.J. O. Stenflo, the new director of the Swiss Federal Astronomical Observatory, where the Zurich numbers are compiled, has directed that the observatory discontinue this service by the end of 1980. An attempt to find a more accurate substitute for the somewhat subjective observations may have prompted the decision.
Report from IUGG Assembly: IAGA session on lithospheric mapping from local anomaly charts
Authors: Hood P. J. 
Published: October 2011

The objective of this session was to review recent advances in utilizing magnetic survey data to delineate the geological formations that comprise the earth's crust, and to provide information on their genesis.P. J. Hood commenced the session with a review of the national aeromagnetic survey, which has been carried out by the Geological Survey of Canada, since 1947, as an aid to both geological mapping and mineral exploration programs in Canada. Since that time some 8 million line kilometers of aeromagnetic survey data have been obtained and have resulted in the production of, 8100 aeromagnetic maps at various scales. The specifications for aeromagnetic surveys in Canada have been continually improved upon over the years, mainly as a result of developmental work undertaken by the Geological Survey of Canada. This developmental work has also resulted in the fabrication of an inboard aeromagnetic gradiometer survey system, which measures the vertical gradient of the earth's total field in addition to being a high‐resolution total field instrument. The main advantages of the aeromagnetic gradiometer as a geological mapping tool, compared to the single‐sensor (total‐field) technique, are: (a) superior resolution of anomalies produced by closely spaced geological formations; (b) anomalies produced by nearsurface features are emphasized with respect to those resulting from more deeply buried rock formations; (c) regional gradient of the earth's magnetic field and diurnal variation are automatically removed; (d) direct delineation of vertical contacts by the zero‐gradient contour value, i.e., vertical contact mapper. In 1967 the first, colored Magnetic Anomaly Map (MAM) of Canada was produced, at a scale of 1:5,000,000, in which the dominating effects of the main earth's field were removed. Two more editions of the map have been produced in the subsequent 10‐year period. The main uses of such a magnetic anomaly map are threefold: first, as an index map it presents an overview of the aeromagnetic survey coverage of Canada; second, the map presents the major patterns produced by the continental rocks of the Canadian landmass and may be utilized both as an aid in the delineation of structural provinces and in the interpretation of regional features in the basement rocks; third, the map stimulates comparisons of magnetic features with other geological and geophysical compilations on a regional scale. More recently, commencement of colored 1:1,000,000 MAM's has also begun, and these are clearly superior to the 1:5,000,000 MAM in showing the finer details of the regional anomalies, since short wavelength features, especially dykes, tend to be eliminated at the smaller scale.
Geophysicists
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

Walter O. Duing died in Miami, Florida, March 24, of leukemia. He was 45. Duing was a member of the faculty of the Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science of the University of Miami.Edward Bullarddied of cancer, April 3, at his home in La Jolla, California. He was 72.
NASA planetary programs
Authors: Greathouse Lee 
Published: October 2011

Money to start work on the Venus Orbital Imaging Radar (Voir) mission and the Halley's comet/Tempel 2 project was deleted from NASA's 1981 budget, but according to NASA planners, the agency could still execute those missions with minimum delay through the use of alternative strategies.This year's version of the long‐range plans that are drawn up annually by NASA divisions, and which are used by the agency in preparing for‐the coming year's budget process, indicates that through the use of ‘aerobraking,’ a technique which would put a spacecraft into a circular orbit around Venus by using the planet's atmosphere to slow it down, Voir could orbit Venus in 1986. The proposal calls for a launch date of August 1986 and an arrival date in December of that year.
Experiments for Spacelab Flight
Authors: Adams R. D. 
Published: October 2011

The National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) have selected 37 scientific experiments to be conducted on the first flight of Spacelab, scheduled for launch aboard the space shuttle in late 1982.The experiments fall into five broad categories: atmospheric physics and earth observations, space plasma physics, material sciences and technology, astronomy and period. (Note: Seismograms can be very complicated, and ultimately, the selection of a particular measurement must be left to the observer's experience).
Observations of a fireball and a stable auroral red arc
Authors: Moore Jim G. 
Published: October 2011

The purpose of this note i s to present observations of two phenomena that were clearly observed and photographed from an instrumented aircraft of the U.S. Air Force.During the night of November 25–26, 1978, the Airborne Ionospheric Observatory (AIO), an NKC‐135 flown by the Air Force Systems Command for the Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, was on a scientific mission to observe the effects of a major geomagnetic storm on the mid‐latitude ionosphere and Air Force communication systems.
Ocean margin drilling—A multifaceted picture
Authors: Greathouse Lee 
Published: October 2011

While many in the oceanographic community enthusiastically look forward to the Ocean Margin Drilling (OMD) program, others are not sure that the science to be gained will be worth the commitment to such an expensive, technology‐intensive venture. The program was 7 years in the planning at the National Science Foundation (NSF), calls for a total cost of about $700 million over the next decade, and is to last through 1989.OMD was envisioned at the NSF as the next step after the enormously successful Glomar Challenger Deep‐Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Now winding down, DSDP is scheduled to continue through 1981 and taper off in 1982. A proposal has been submitted that would extend Challenger operations through 1983.
High Heat flow along China Sea Margin
Authors: Greathouse Lee 
Published: October 2011

When Lamont‐Doherty researchers Roger Anderson and Michael Hobart and three Chinese scientists set out in the Vema last December for 12 days of tests in the South China Sea, they were doing two things for the first time. The 88 site measurements they would make on the trip would become the first detailed heat flow values obtained across a continental margin, and the voyage would be made in the first joint explorations undertaken between scientists from the People's Republic of China and those from the United States since the thaw in relations between the two countries.The investigators were looking for two things, Anderson said at the AGU Spring Meeting in Toronto: (1) data for testing models of continental rifting (the southern part of the sea used to be attached to the Chinese mainland, but began to separate about 30 million years ago) and (2) indications of the potential for finding oil in the region.
Nuclear waste in a repository: Amount as a factor in risk duration
Authors: Zen E‐an 
Published: October 2011

Design of a repository for high‐level nuclear waste material should take into account the relation of its size to the duration of its period of hazard in the event of a breach by groundwater and leach to the biosphere. The amount of a given hazardous nuclide that is potentially leachable depends, in addition to the initial amount of waste in the repository, on the time that has elapsed since the repository was put into operation; thus the time required to attain a given level of safety depends on the amount of waste, and for the principal heat‐generating nuclides, this dependence is not trivial. Safety of repositories can be enhanced if they are designed to consist of leach‐resistant watertight compartments; this in turn puts severe restrictions on the nature and technique of backfill.The long‐term safety of repositories for disposal of high‐level nuclear wastes, including possible unreprocessed spent‐fuel rods, is of foremost consideration in the science of nuclear waste disposal [e.g., Burkholder et al., 1977; Logan, 1977; Bredehoeft et al., 1978; Interagency Review Group, 1979; Materials Research Society, 1979]. Most discussions center around the chemical, mechanical, thermal, and geological processes generated by the waste, by the engineering undertakings associated with the repository and its use, or by natural external processes such as groundwater flow, earthquake, climatic change, volcanism, erosion, and meteorite impact. I propose to show that under some reasonable circumstances the scale of the repository itself may influence the safety considerations.
Polonium halos
Authors: Gentry Robert V. 
Published: October 2011

I welcome York's contribution [York, 1979] to the exchange of views concerning the possible existence and potential cosmological implications of polonium halos in Precambrian granites [Damon, 1979; Gentry, 1979], but I must take exception to some omissions from his comments about my results on Po halos.York seems to regard even the existence of Po halos as only tentative. But notwithstanding the uncertainties, his article leans heavily toward the proposition that Po halos do exist, at least in micas. York's thesis is that Po halos are most probably explainable within the accepted framework because the interlocking nature of various radiometric dating techniques provides powerful evidence that conventional geochronology is correct. York faults me for ignoring this internal consistency. Contrary to his understanding, I do not ignore these data. But neither do I accept the idea that the presumed agreement between techniques is really coercive evidence for the correctness of the uniformitarian assumption which undergirds the present model. There was no discussion of the 238U206Pb ratios [Gentry et al., 1976], which raise significant questions about the accepted geochronological scheme.
NOAA‐B satellite mission unsuccessful
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

The NOAA‐B environmental monitoring satellite, launched from the Western Space and Missile Center in California on May 29, is expected to remain in orbit only about 6 months. Difficulties, developed during the launch, caused the satellite to go into a highly elliptical rather than a planned circular orbit of 470 miles. During the launch one booster engine in the Atlas‐F launch vehicle developed only 75% thrust.Attempts by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to correct the orbit were unsuccessful. In its elliptical orbit, the spacecraft cannot operate effectively.A replacement satellite, NOAA‐C, will be launched in about 5 months
The Robert E. Horton medal: Citation and acceptance
Authors: Roberts W. J. 
Published: October 2011

When William C. Ackermann retired as chief of the Illinois State Water Survey last November to become adjunct professor of civil engineering, he had devoted 44 years to hydrology. During that time he had achieved national and international recognition for his expertise and outstanding leadership in research, planning, and management of water resources. Now he is sharing his rich storehouse of knowledge with students at the University of Illinois.In a field that has produced many giants, Bill Ackermann's achievements stand apart because of his wide diversity of interests. Equipped with his engineering degree from the University of Wisconsin, he spent 19 years in the Water Control Planning Department of the Tennessee Valley Authority, where he was concerned with water resources research, planning, and operations. This was followed by 2 years as head of the Watershed Hydrology Section of the Agricultural Research Service of the United States Department of Agriculture. During this period, he was responsible for a nationwide program of research in soil and water.
Links between sunspots and magnetic storms
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

‘Bubbles’ and ‘holes’ in the sun's diffuse outer layer apparently can cause as much disturbance in the earth's magnetic field as solar flares. Bubblelike clouds of erupting gas in the sun's tenuous halo, the corona, appear to be associated with the two largest storms reported so far during the present 11‐year sunspot cycle. In addition to these coronal ‘transients,’ there are long‐lived sources of high‐speed particle streams, called coronal ‘holes,’ whose relationship to the sunspot cycle has just been described mathematically by a team of investigators at the Space Environment Laboratory (NOAA) in Boulder.Solar flares, with their spectacular outbursts of hot gases, have a strong, but often overlooked, rival in the production of magnetic storms, namely, coronal transients. These powerful particle eruptions lack the fiery sendoff typical of solar flares, and they are often marked simply by the sudden disappearance of dark bands or ‘filaments’ of gas that are supported in the corona by strong magnetic fields.
Scholarship established in name of lost geologist
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A scholarship in the name of David A. Johnston has been established at the University of Washington. Johnston was lost in the May 18 eruption of Mount St. Helens while making observations from the Coldwater II U.S. Geological Survey observatory 8.8 km north of the preeruption summit of the volcano.Johnston received his Ph.D. at the University of Washington. The scholarship will be awarded annually to the Ph.D. student who ‘best displays Dave's rare combination of inventiveness and originality in scientific observation and analysis, and his dedication to the understanding of geologic processes.’
Crustal Research Group efforts
Authors: Greathouse Lee 
Published: October 2011

At the meeting of the International Crustal Research Drilling Group (ICRDG) management panel at Orkustofnun (Icelandic National Energy Authority), Reykjavik, Iceland, on May 16, 1980, the following plans for crustal drilling investigations were formally adopted.An investigation of the Troodos ophiolite complex, Cyprus, in cooperation with the government of Cyprus, is the first target. Two drill holes, each 2 km deep, on the north flank of the complex, will give a complete section of crust of oceanic affinity from the top of the pillow basalts through the sheeted dike complex, plagiogranites, gabbros, and into cumulate gabbros. It is anticipated that nearly complete core recovery, via high‐speed diamond drilling, will allow a complete reference section, yielding lithologic composition, hydrothermal alteration, tectonic state, and physical properties of this example of oceanic crust. A third, 1‐km hole (starting from the base of the Agrokipia copper sulfide deposit) in conjunction with the 2‐km hole through the pillow basalts will allow delineation of the hydrothermal convection system responsible for that ore deposit.
NOAA announces three new undersea programs
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has awarded $1.3 million to three universities for undersea research projects aimed at solving regional and national marine problems.Recipients and the amounts awarded are: the University of Southern California, Catalina Marine Science Center, $150,000; the University of Hawaii, $550,000; and the University of North Carolina, Wilmington, $600,000.
New USGS maps released
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The U.S. Geological Survey has published three new magnetic data maps and a map of the Mount St. Helens area that was devastated by the May 18 eruption.One of the magnetic data maps shows lines of equal magnetic declination for the 50 states and the locations of the more than 100 stations and observatories at which measurements are made. Magnetic declination, also called compass variation, is the angle between true north and magnetic north. The earth's magnetic field constantly changes, and the USGS replots the U.S. data every 5 years. The latest map is based on measurements through 1979 and is projected by model estimates through January 1980. Designated Map I‐1283, it measures 32 x 40 inches, and displays 48 states on one side (scale of 1:5,000,000) and Alaska and Hawaii on the other (scale of 1:7,500,000).
Transmitter off on Viking Orbiter 1
Authors: Bell Peter M. 
Published: October 2011

On Thursday, August 7, engineers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, sent a radio command to NASA's Viking Orbiter 1 that switched off its transmitter and ended the spacecraft's 4‐year mission in orbit around Mars.Kermit Watkins, Viking project manager, said the orbiter was shut down because its attitude control gas was expected to be depleted before it completed its next orbit of Mars. ‘By sending the turn‐off command,’ Watkins said, ‘instead of allowing it to occur automatically on the spacecraft, we will be sure that the radio transmitter has been shut off.’
Visiting fellowships available
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

The Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) at the University of Colorado offers 1‐year visiting fellowships to scientists for research in environmental chemistry, solid earth geophysics, atmospheric dynamics, atmospheric chemistry, and climate dynamics. Senior scientists, including those on sabbatical leave, and recent Ph.D. recipients are eligible.Recipients will pursue their own research programs and participate in CIRES seminars. Stipend is scaled to research experience.
Midwest water policy examined
Authors: Shore Barbara T. 
Published: October 2011

Policies to strengthen water resource development in the midwestern United States are summarized in a two‐volume report by the Northeast‐Midwest Congressional Coalition. ‘Water Resource Priorities for the Midwest’ examines regional implications of hazardous waste disposal, repair of urban water systems, reauthorization of the Clean Water Act, hydroelectric power, and port facilities. Water quality, water supply, and energy and transportation issues are also addressed.The project study area encompasses water resources in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Ohio, and Wisconsin and generally conforms to the U.S. Water Resources Council's Great Lakes, Ohio, and Upper Mississippi regions.
Data acquisition continues on Viking
Authors: Snyder Conway W. 
Published: October 2011

After more than 4 years of acquiring data from spacecraft on the surface of and in orbit around Mars, the Viking Project terminated at the end of September. Orbiter 1 exhausted its supply of attitude‐control gas on August 7 and was shut down.During the past year, the orbiter produced a large quantity of excellent data, but only a fraction of it has been examined. From July through October 1977, about 2800 photographs were taken. Resolution was superior to that obtained in the primary mission in 1976. The area covered extends from Syrtis Major Planitia to Chryse Planitia, and over most of its 5000‐km length it is more than 300 km wide. The mission produced the most extensive high‐resolution contiguous coverage ever achieved.
Flapgate controls water flow
Authors: Anonymous  
Published: October 2011

A specially designed flapgate, scheduled to be completed in January, will control water flow and prevent water stagnation in a 55‐acre sheltered harbor in Florida.The $600,000 flapgate, developed by Gee & Johnson Engineers‐Architects‐Planners, Inc., in West Palm Beach, creates a natural flushing action that will allow water to flow from the ocean through the sheltered harbor at Sailfish Point near Stuart, Florida, and into the Indian River. Simultaneously, the flapgate will prevent debris‐laden river water from flowing back into the harbor. A continuous water flow will be maintained to prevent stagnation and settlement of debris in the 24‐m harbor.