bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated serum CRP levels after induction chemoradiotherapy reflect poor treatment response in association with IL‐6 in serum and local tumor site in patients with advanced esophageal cancer
Authors: Fujiwara Hitoshi , Suchi Kentaro , Okamura Shinichi , Okamura Hiroko , Umehara Seiji , Todo Momoko , Shiozaki Atsushi , Kubota Takeshi , Ichikawa Daisuke , Okamoto Kazuma , Ochiai Toshiya , Kokuba Yukihito , Sonoyama Teruhisa , Otsuji Eigo 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesElevated serum CRP levels are associated with tumor progression and poor prognosis of esophageal cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical significance of CRP in relation to response to chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer.MethodsThe relationship between serum CRP levels and response to chemoradiotherapy and prognosis was analyzed in 34 patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who underwent induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery. The relationship between response to chemoradiotherapy and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) expression in sera and tumor tissues was also analyzed.ResultsAlthough elevated serum CRP levels were associated with poor response to chemoradiotherapy, significant difference in CRP levels between pathological responders (n = 18) and non‐responders (n = 16) was observed after chemoradiotherapy, but not before. Patients with elevated CRP levels had shorter cause‐specific survival, but significant difference was observed only after chemoradiotherapy. In addition, serum levels of IL‐6 were also associated with poor treatment response following chemoradiotherapy and were correlated with residual tumor volume. IL‐6 expression was detected in residual tumor tissues by immunohistochemistry.ConclusionsElevated serum CRP levels after chemoradiotherapy may predict poor response to chemoradiotherapy more accurately than before chemoradiotherapy, and IL‐6 may be a possible target associated with chemoradiotherapy resistance. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:62–68. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lateral approach to central compartment of neck
Authors: Pathak K. Alok , Jabab AbdulSalam S. Al , Kazi Rehan , Nason Richard W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRevision surgery in central compartment of neck is often a challenge for the head and neck surgical oncologists/endocrine surgeons. This is often required for completion thyroidectomies, central compartment lymph node dissections, and re‐exploration for persistent hyperparathyroidism. Scarring in midline due to prior surgery makes midline access to central compartment difficult and increases the risk of injury to recurrent laryngeal nerve and parathyroid glands. This article describes a simple technique of approaching central compartment between sternocleidomastoid and strap muscles. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:101–102. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Appendiceal carcinoid tumors: Predictors of lymph node metastasis and the impact of right hemicolectomy on survival
Authors: Groth Shawn S. , Virnig Beth A. , Al‐Refaie Waddah B. , Jarosek Stephanie L. , Jensen Eric H. , Tuttle Todd M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesGiven the lack of population‐based data in the literature, we sought to (1) identify predictors of appendiceal carcinoid tumor nodal metastasis to distinguish which patients would most likely benefit from hemicolectomy and (2) compare survival after hemicolectomy versus appendectomy alone.MethodsUsing the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Database (1988–2005), we identified patients with appendiceal carcinoid tumors who underwent resection. We identified risk factors for nodal metastasis using logistic regression models and used the Kaplan–Meier method to compare adjusted overall and cancer‐specific survival after right hemicolectomy versus appendectomy alone.Results576 patients met our inclusion criteria. We found that tumor size (>2.0 cm) and tumor histology (pure carcinoid tumors) were significant predictors of lymph node metastasis. After stratifying by tumor size, we did not detect a significant difference in survival between patients who underwent hemicolectomy and those that underwent appendectomy alone (log‐rank, P > 0.10).ConclusionsTumor size and histology are significant predictors of appendiceal carcinoid tumor nodal metastasis and therefore may be helpful to identify which patients would most likely benefit from a hemicolectomy. However, our population‐based study did not demonstrate a significant difference in adjusted survival rates between hemicolectomy versus appendectomy alone. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:39–45. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prognostic significance of expression of vegf and cox‐2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and its association with expression of C‐erbB2 and EGFR
Authors: Kim Tae‐Jung , Lee Youn Soo , Kang Jin‐Hyung , Kim Yeon‐Sil , Kang Chang Suk 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study evaluated several tumor angiogenesis‐related markers to examine their expression pattern and relation to clinicopathologic implications of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsParaffin sections from 69 nasopharyngeal carcinomas obtained before radiotherapy were prepared. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cyclooxygenase‐2 (Cox‐2), C‐erbB2, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were investigated by immunohistochemistry and then correlated with various clinicopathologic parameters.ResultsVEGF was inversely correlated with C‐erbB2 (P = 0.036). In survival analysis, high mitosis (≥5/10 high power field) was significantly associated with worse relapse‐free survival in univariate analysis (P = 0.048) but not in multivariate analysis (P = 0.153). High stage, high mitotic rate, absence of VEGF, and presence of Cox‐2 were associated with worse survival in both univariate analysis (P = 0.002, P = 0.038, P = 0.044, and P = 0.028, respectively) and multivariate analysis (P = 0.007, P = 0.036, P = 0.047, and P = 0.004, respectively).ConclusionsAbsence of VEGF is a useful indicator of poor prognosis in addition to Cox‐2 expression, high stage, and high mitosis. J. Surg. Oncol. 2011;103:46–52. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integration of normal phase liquid chromatography with supercritical fluid chromatography for analysis of fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum
Authors: Gao Liang , Zhang Jie , Zhang Weibing , Shan Yichu , Liang Zhen , Zhang Lihua , Huo Yushu , Zhang Yukui 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this study, a comprehensive 2‐D chromatography was constructed, consisting of normal phase LC (NPLC) with a CN column as the first dimension, and supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC), with a Merck Chromolith Flash C18 column as the second dimension, which were connected by a 10‐port, dual‐position valve controlled automatically by a self‐designed software. Such platform was applied into the analysis of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma lucidum, a traditional Chinese medicine, and within 2 h analysis, the obtained peak capacity of the 2‐D‐NPLC‐SFC system was about 350, obviously higher than that of each dimension. These results demonstrate that 2‐D‐NPLC‐SFC is not only of good orthogonality, but also of high throughput for the analysis of complex samples.
Separation of parent homopolymers from diblock copolymers by liquid chromatography under limiting conditions of desorption 4. Role of eluent and temperature
Authors: Berek Dušan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLiquid chromatography under limiting conditions of desorption (LC LCD) enables fast, base‐line discrimination of both parent homopolymers from various diblock copolymers in one single step. The low molecular admixtures are fully separated, as well. General rules are discussed in detail for selection of mobile phases and temperature applied in LC LCD of block copolymers. Typical practical separation examples are presented. It is shown that both the composition of the well‐selected LC LCD mobile phase and the temperature of experiment may vary in a broad range without affecting the basics of method. This implies that the method is robust and user friendly.
A review on the development of liquid chromatography systems for polyolefins
Authors: Macko Tibor , Brüll Robert , Zhu Yutian , Wang Yongmei 
Published: October 2010

AbstractPolyolefins are the most widely produced synthetic polymer commodity and are found in countless applications ranging from bottles, packaging films to bullet‐proof jackets, etc. Such widely different applications rely on high variability in the physical properties of polyolefins, which is a result of variations in microstructure, chemical composition and molar mass. Though polyolefins contain only carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms, the microstructures of polyolefins are extremely variable, differing in the nature of the monomers (e.g. ethylene versus propylene), the degree of branching, chemical composition in the case of copolymers and finally their molar masses. Production, research and development of polyolefins require the analysis of polyolefin samples in terms of all these parameters. Development of efficient and robust analytical techniques based on the interactive LC is reviewed. The needed computational/theoretical studies to understand the retention mechanism in the newly developed chromatography systems are discussed.
Micron‐sized pillars for ion‐pair reversed‐phase DNA separations
Authors: De Malsche Wim , Zhang Lei , Op De Beeck Jeff , Vangelooven Joris , Majeed Bivragh , Desmet Gert 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn the present paper, the feasibility to construct micron‐sized silicon pillar channels to be used in HPLC is studied. For this, a channel with flow‐through pores of 1 μm and with critical sidewall dimensions below 1 μm was constructed using advanced deep‐UV lithographic equipment. Integrating a 3‐nL injection system on the chip directly in front of the separation channel and using elongated distribution structures, a very controlled and high aspect ratio sample definition across the relatively wide separation channel was accomplished. The system was evaluated in isocratic ion‐pair RP mode, allowing the separation of a mixture of two components with, respectively, 300 and 400 base pairs in 5 s only.
Laser therapy: A review of its mechanism of action and potential medical applications
Authors: Tata D.B. , Waynant R.W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCivilizations in antiquity have endeavored to champion the use of light to treat illnesses in the human body. Although laser light has unique applications in medicine, its mechanism of action for low intensity exposures on cells, tissues, and the body continues to be controversial after nearly 50 years of investigations. This paper presents evidence for visible red and near infrared light to induce (indirect) generation of hydrogen peroxide as an important chemical messenger behind the stimulatory and inhibitory responses observed to low intensity light exposures. It is hypothesized that other ionizing or non‐ionizing modalities can either directly or indirectly induce / or generate H2O2 in an aqueous environment and could also bring about similar stimulatory or inhibitory bio‐effects. One salient parameter which governs the bio‐response is the level of generated H2O2. The authors discuss the mechanism which enables a small amount of hydrogen peroxide generated by light to produce beneficial effects.
Crosslink Effect and Albumin Adsorption onto Chitosan/Alginate Multilayered Systems: An in situ QCM‐D Study
Authors: Martins Gabriela V. , Merino Esther G. , Mano João F. , Alves Natália M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe adsorption of HSA onto CHI/ALG multilayer assemblies was assessed in situ using QCM‐D. It was found that the behavior of HSA on biomaterials surface can be tuned by adjusting parameters of the polyelectrolyte system such as pH, layer number, crosslinker and polymer terminal layer. Our results confirmed the key role of electrostatic interactions during HSA adsorption, since oppositely charged surfaces were more effective in promoting protein adhesion. QCM‐D data revealed that crosslinking (CHI/ALG)5CHI films allows HSA to become adsorbed in physiological conditions. Our results suggested that the biological potential of biopolymers and the mild conditions of the LbL technique turn these natural nanoassemblies into a suitable choice to be used as pH‐sensitive coatings. magnified image
Influence of substrate composition on the formation of phytic acid conversion coatings
Authors: Cui X. , Jin G. , Liu E. , Ding M. , Li Q. , Wang F. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper, the formation and corrosion resistance of the phytic acid conversion coatings on Mg, Al, and AZ91D magnesium alloy were contrastively investigated using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), electronic probe microscopic analyzer (EPMA), electronic balance, and electrochemical methods. The influence of phytic acid conversion coating as a middle layer on the properties of the paint on magnesium alloys was also investigated.The results show that the formation process of the conversion coatings is evidently influenced by the compositions of the substrate. The coating on pure aluminum is thinner and compacter than that on pure magnesium and the coating formed on α phase in AZ91D magnesium alloy is thinner but denser than that on β phase. The phytic acid conversion coatings formed on Mg, Al, and AZ91D magnesium alloy can all increase their corrosion resistance. The active functional groups of hydroxyl and phosphate radical are rich in the conversion coatings, which can improve the bonding between the organic paint and magnesium alloy and then improve their corrosion resistance.
Analysis of the relation between water and resistivity isotherms in concrete
Authors: Andrade M. C. , Bolzoni F. , Fullea J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractConcrete is a porous material, that contains an alkaline solution, whose pore network enables mass transport from the exterior. The concrete as composite material is quasi an insulator when it is dry and presents relatively low resistivities, in the order of few kΩ cm when it is fully saturated. Concrete resistivity reflects the degree of saturation and is therefore a useful indicator of the risk of chemical attack and of reinforcement corrosion. The dependence of resistivity on the degree of saturation has been studied, yet this subject has still not been fully elucidated. The present paper studies the evolution of concrete drying from the end of curing in order to analyze the water and resistivity isotherms. Four concrete mixes (w/c = 0.4 and 0.7 after 3 and 7 days of curing wrapped in plastic sheets) have been prepared and submitted to conditions of isothermic water desorption in controlled atmospheres with relative humidity (RH) of 55, 65, 75, 85, 95%. Resistivity measurements were simultaneously carried out which enabled to identify for the four mixes the water content and the RH which gives resistivity values higher than 105 Ω cm. The radii of water‐filled pores calculated from Kelvin's law were found to be smaller than those calculated by integrating the mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) accumulated intrusion curve with the water lost during conditioning at different RHs. The water content measurement that seems to be most adequate for comparison with resistivity values is the volumetric fraction.
Study on hot corrosion behavior of Yb2Zr2O7 ceramic against Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salts at temperatures of 900–1200 °C in air
Authors: Li S. , Liu Z.‐G. , Ouyang J.‐H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractYb2Zr2O7 ceramic powders synthesized by chemical‐coprecipitation and calcination method were pressureless‐sintered at 1700 °C for 10 h in air to fabricate dense bulk materials. Hot corrosion studies were performed on Yb2Zr2O7 against Na2SO4 and Na2SO4 + V2O5 (molar ratio = 1:1) molten salts in a temperature range of 900–1200 °C for 8 h in air, respectively. Chemical reactions were investigated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The Yb2Zr2O7 ceramic was severely corroded by Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salt, however, no chemical reaction was found between individual Na2SO4 and Yb2Zr2O7. Yb2Zr2O7 reacted with Na2SO4 + V2O5 molten salt to form YbVO4 and m‐ZrO2. The thickness of hot corrosion scales formed at different temperatures was investigated to evaluate hot corrosion behavior based on fluxing mechanism. The introduction of vanadium into sulfate led to subsequent formation of NaVO3, which was acidic enough to dissolve Yb2Zr2O7 by acidic fluxing.
Corrosion inhibition of austenitic stainless steel by some pyrimidine compounds in hydrochloric acid
Authors: Caliskan N. , Akbas E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe inhibition effect of two pyrimidine derivatives on the corrosion of austenitic stainless steel in 1 M HCl has been studied by Tafel plot, linear polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) at 298 K. Results showed that compounds inhibited steel corrosion in a 1 M HCl solution and inhibition efficiencies increased with the concentration of inhibitor. Polarization curves indicated that all studied pyrimidine derivatives act as mixed type (cathodic/anodic) inhibitors. The adsorption of the inhibitors on the stainless steel surface was found to obey the Langmuir and Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models. Negative values of ΔGads in the acidic media ensured the spontaneity of the adsorption process.
Measuring the corrosion rate of steel in concrete – effect of measurement technique, polarisation time and current
Authors: Nygaard P. V. , Geiker M. R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBoth on‐site investigations and laboratory studies have shown that different corrosion rates are obtained when different commercially available corrosion rate instruments are used. The different electrochemical techniques and the measurement parameters used, i.e. polarisation current and time, are in some studies considered the main reasons for the variations. This paper presents an experimental study on the quantitative effect of polarisation time and current on the measured polarisation resistance – and thus the corrosion current density – of passively and actively corroding steel. Two electrochemical techniques often used in instruments for on‐site corrosion rate measurements are investigated. On passively corroding reinforcement the measured polarisation resistance was for both techniques found to be highly affected by the polarisation time and current and no plateaus at either short or long polarisation times, or low or high polarisation currents were identified. On actively corroding reinforcement a large effect of the polarisation time was also found, but only a minor effect of the polarisation current. The effect of the polarisation time was, however, practically independent of the corrosion rate for actively corroding steel. For both techniques guidelines for polarisation times and currents are given for (on‐site) non‐destructive corrosion rate measurements on reinforcement steel in concrete.
The effect of tannins and pH on the corrosion of steel in wood extracts
Authors: Zelinka S. L. , Stone D. S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTannins and pH are often cited as factors that affect the corrosiveness of wood yet there are few data to confirm these statements. The purpose of this paper is to systematically investigate the effect of tannins and pH on corrosion of metals in wood. Four wood species known to vary in both their pH and extractives were chosen and extracted with water. The pH, tannin content, and corrosion rate of carbon steel were determined for each extract. To test if pH and tannin were the only factors influencing corrosion, “synthetic” extracts were made by adding tannins to distilled water and adjusting the pH. At a given pH, increasing the tannin content inhibited corrosion and at a given level of tannin content, lowering the pH increased corrosion. An isocorrosion map as a function of pH and tannins was developed by using simple kinetic models to extrapolate the data. The data may be useful in estimating the relative corrosiveness of new, nonmetallic wood preservatives based upon the chemistry of naturally durable wood species.
Superheater fireside corrosion mechanisms in MSWI plants: Lab‐scale study and on‐site results
Authors: Brossard J.M. , Diop I. , Chaucherie X. , Nicol F. , Rapin C. , Vilasi M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCombustion of municipal waste generates highly corrosive gases (HCl, SO2, NaCl, KCl, and heavy metals chlorides) and ashes containing alkaline chlorides and sulfates. Currently, corrosion phenomena are particularly observed on superheater's tubes. Corrosion rates depend mainly on installation design, operating conditions i.e., gas and steam temperature and velocity of the flue gas containing ashes. This paper presents the results obtained using an innovative laboratory‐scale corrosion unit, which simulates MSWI boilers conditions characterized by a temperature gradient at the metal tube in the presence of corrosive gases and ashes. The presented corrosion tests were realized on carbon steel at fixed metal temperature (400 °C). The influence of the flue gas temperature, synthetic ashes composition, and flue gas flow pattern were investigated. After corrosion test, cross sections of tube samples were characterized to evaluate thickness loss and estimate corrosion rate while the elements present in corrosion layers were analyzed.Corrosion tests were carried out twice in order to validate the accuracy and reproducibility of results. First results highlight the key role of molten phase related to the ash composition and flue gas temperature as well as the deposit morphology, related to the flue gas flow pattern, on the mechanisms and corrosion rates.
High‐temperature oxidation resistance of Al2O3‐forming heat‐resisting alloys with noble metal and rare earth additions
Authors: Amano T. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractHigh‐temperature oxidation behavior of Al2O3‐forming heat‐resisting alloys with noble metal (palladium, platinum, gold) and rare earth (yttrium) additions was studied in oxidizing atmospheres (oxygen, oxygen‐water vapor) for 18 ks at 1473, 1573, and 1673 K, by mass gain measurements, amount of spalled oxide, observation of surface appearance, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Mass gains of all the Al2O3‐forming Fe‐20Cr‐4Al alloys increased with increasing oxidation temperatures in both oxidation conditions. After oxidation in oxygen, the mass gains of the alloys with noble metal were almost the same values after any oxidation temperature. The mass gain of the alloys with yttrium decreased with increase in yttrium addition up to 0.1 mass%, and then tended to increase with 0.5 mass% yttrium addition at all oxidation temperatures studied. The amount of spalled oxide from the Fe‐20Cr‐4Al (A4) alloy showed the biggest value at 1573 K‐oxidation, and then decreased in the order of 1473 K, 1673 K. On the other hand, the amount of spalled oxide from the other alloys decreased compared with the A4 alloy. No spalled oxide from 0.5Pt, 0.05Y, and 0.5Y alloys was observed at any oxidation temperature. After oxidation in an oxygen‐water vapor mixture (dew point: 353 K), the mass gain of all the alloys showed similar values to that obtained in oxygen after any oxidation temperature. The amount of spalled oxide from the A4 alloy was about the same after oxidation at 1473 and 1573 K in oxygen, but then was higher when oxidized at 1673 K. The amount of spalled oxide from the other alloys obtained in oxygen–water vapor increased compared with those obtained in oxygen. On the other hand, the amount of spalled oxide from the 0.5Y alloy was zero after any oxidation temperature, and that from the 0.5Pt alloy was also zero after 1673 K‐oxidation.