bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood and adulthood traumatic experiences in patients with psoriasis
Authors: SIMONIĆ Edita , KAŠTELAN Marija , PETERNEL Sandra , PERNAR Mirjana , BRAJAC Ines , RONČEVIĆ‐GRŽETA Ika , KARDUM Igor 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIt is well known that several psychiatric disorders may be related to childhood psychological trauma. Recent studies have associated childhood exposure to trauma to some skin diseases. Our study aimed at exploring whether psoriasis is related to the reported positive and negative traumatic life events in different age intervals beginning from early childhood to adulthood. Furthermore, we investigated differences between psoriatics with early and late onset according to traumatic experiences in different age intervals. Also, we investigated the possible correlation of traumatic experiences with the disease severity. One hundred patients with psoriasis and 101 controls (patients with skin conditions considered to be “non‐psychosomatic”) were enrolled in the study. All participants completed a specific questionnaire measuring traumatic life experiences (Traumatic Antecedents Questionnaire, TAQ). The TAQ assesses positive personal experiences (competence and safety) and negative personal experiences (neglect, separation, secrets, emotional, physical and sexual abuse, trauma witnessing, other traumas and exposure to alcohol/drugs) from early childhood to adulthood. The severity of psoriasis was estimated according to the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), a standardized measuring instrument. The amount of positive experiences did not differ significantly among groups, except for safety scores that were higher in controls compared with both psoriatic groups (early and late onset). On the other side, negative traumatic experiences appeared more frequently in patients with psoriasis during all developmental periods. We found no correlation between severity of psoriasis and traumatic experiences. The present study demonstrates an increased history of childhood and adulthood negative traumatic experiences in patients with psoriasis compared to the control group. Our findings suggest a relationship between retrospectively reported negative traumatic experiences and psoriasis.
Incidence rate of mycosis fungoides in Isfahan (Iran)
Authors: SALEHI Mansoor , AZIMI Zahra , FATEMI Farahnaz , RAJABI Parvin , KAZEMI Mohammad , AMINI Gilda 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMycosis fungoides (MF) is an extranodal non‐Hodgkin’s lymphoma with primary involvement of the skin. The aim of the present study was to determine the incidence rate of MF in Isfahan (Iran) and to compare the results with other reports. We collected our data from the MF clinic of Alzahra Hospital which is the main center for treatment of MF patients in Isfahan (2007–2008). Eleven cases were reported to the MF clinic of Alzahra during the study, seven of which were diagnosed as MF. The incidence rate of MF in Isfahan in 2007–2008 was 3.91/1 million persons. The age spectrum was 28–80 years and the mean 43.14 years. The male : female ratio was 3:4. In conclusion, the incidence rate of MF in Isfahan (Iran) is similar to other areas. However, the male : female ratio is opposite to that of other studies
Significant damage of the skin and hair following hair bleaching
Authors: JEONG Mi‐Sook , LEE Chang‐Moon , JEONG Won‐Ji , KIM Seong‐Jin , LEE Ki‐Young 
Published: June 2010

AbstractScalp burns can be caused by hair bleaching with excess procedures such as unnecessary heating and excessive treatment with bleaching agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological and histological changes of the hair and skin after bleaching. Ammonium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide (6% or 9%) solution mixed at a ratio of 1:2 (weight ratio) were sufficiently applied to human hairs and rat skin. The bleached hairs were brightened up to yellow by increasing the concentration of hydrogen peroxide and time of bleach treatment. After bleaching, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe that the cuticle scales of the hairs were irregular and lifted. The mechanical properties of the bleached hairs, such as tensile strength and elongation, were slightly different than the untreated hairs. The tested rat skin showed severe swelling after treatment of the bleaching agent (9% hydrogen peroxide). The rat skin bleached with 9% hydrogen peroxide exhibited epidermal thinning and subepidermal vesicle formation. The extracellular matrix of the skin was seriously disrupted after bleaching. Therefore, the use of only suitable bleaching procedures is suggested in order to avoid injuries.
Effect of hypertonic saline on electrocardiography QRS duration in rabbit model of bupivacaine toxicity resuscitated by intravenous lipid
Authors: Cave G. , Harvey M. , Prince G. , Lahner D. , Desmet J. 
Published: June 2010

SummaryIntravenous lipid emulsion is established therapy for bupivacaine induced cardiotoxicity. The benefit of combined hypertonic saline and lipid treatment is unexplored. In this experiment, sedated rabbits were resuscitated from bupivacaine‐induced asystole with intravenous lipid according to the Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland’s guideline, or by identical lipid dosing with hypertonic saline: 6 mEq.kg−1 21% sodium chloride. Early electrocardiography QRS prolongation was less with lipid plus hypertonic saline (mean (SD) QRS 0.19 (0.07) s lipid only vs 0.09 (0.01) s lipid plus hypertonic saline; p = 0.003) at 9 min though not different from the lipid only group at 20 min. No difference was observed in rates of circulatory return (7/10 lipid only and 9/10 lipid plus hypertonic saline; p = 0.58) or survival (5/10 lipid only and 6/10 lipid plus hypertonic saline; p = 1.00). Some benefit to cardiac conduction may be afforded by hypertonic saline co‐administered with lipid emulsion in bupivacaine‐induced cardiotoxicity.
Proteome mapping of overexpressed membrane‐enriched and cytosolic proteins in sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) resistant clinical isolate of Leishmania donovani
Authors: Kumar Awanish , Sisodia Brijesh , Misra Pragya , Sundar Shyam , Shasany Ajit Kumar , Dube Anuradha 
Published: June 2010

WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ABOUT THIS SUBJECT Over 60% of patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in India and Sudan have become unresponsive to treatment with pentavalent antimonials, the first line of drugs for over 60 years. The drug resistance mechanism, studied so far in in vitro selected laboratory strains, has been attributed to various biochemical parameters. The resistance to Sb (V) in Leishmania field isolates is still unexplored. WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS In order to elucidate for the first time the mechanism of drug resistance in field isolates, this study was done in those clinically relevant field isolates which were either responsive or non responsive to SAG. A comparison of proteome profiles of membrane‐enriched as well as cytosolic protein fractions of these isolates has pinpointed the multiple overexpressed proteins in resistant isolates. This study has indicated their possible essential role in antimony resistance of the parasite and provides a vast field to be exploited to find much needed novel treatment strategies against VL.AIMSThis study aimed to identify differentially overexpressed membrane‐enriched as well as cytosolic proteins in SAG sensitive and resistant clinical strains of L. donovani isolated from VL patients which are involved in the drug resistance mechanism.METHODSThe proteins in the membrane‐enriched as well as cytosolic fractions of drug‐sensitive as well as drug‐resistant clinical isolates were separated using two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis and overexpressed identified protein spots of interest were excised and analysed using MALDI‐TOF/TOF.RESULTSSix out of 12 overexpressed proteins were identified in the membrane‐enriched fraction of the SAG resistant strain of L. donovani whereas 14 out of 18 spots were identified in the cytosolic fraction as compared with the SAG sensitive strain. The major proteins in the membrane‐enriched fraction were ABC transporter, HSP‐83, GPI protein transamidase, cysteine–leucine rich protein and 60S ribosomal protein L23a whereas in the cytosolic fraction proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), proteasome alpha 5 subunit, carboxypeptidase, HSP‐70, enolase, fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate aldolase, tubulin‐beta chain have been identified. Most of these proteins have been reported as potential drug targets, except 60S ribosomal protein L23a and PCNA which have not been reported to date for their possible involvement in drug resistance against VL.CONCLUSIONThis study for the first time provided a cumulative proteomic analysis of proteins overexpressed in drug resistant clinical isolates of L. donovani indicating their possible role in antimony resistance of the parasite. Identified proteins provide a vast field to be exploited for novel treatment strategies against VL such as cloning and overexpression of these targets to produce recombinant therapeutic/prophylactic proteins.
How do children perceive health to be affected by domestic water carrying? Qualitative findings from a mixed methods study in rural South Africa
Authors: Geere J. L. , Mokoena M. M. , Jagals P. , Poland F. , Hartley S. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground  Nearly 50% of South African children lack access to clean safe water and many regularly carry water loads. The health effects of carrying water have not been well researched or considered when estimating the burden of disease due to suboptimal water supply. Improved access to safe water has potential to create important health and economic benefits, by reducing childhood exposure to risk factors for injury or disease. The aim of this study was to identify which domains of health children perceive as affected by water carrying.Methods  Qualitative research was used within a broader mixed methods design to investigate children's perceptions about health and water carrying in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Qualitative data from eight semi‐structured interviews and three ‘natural group meetings’, involving a sample of 30 children, were analysed using the framework approach of Ritchie and Spencer. The results were mapped to the International Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF).Results  Children broadly conceptualize and describe health to include the functions they perform and activities in which they participate. They perceived water carrying as impacting upon health in various ways, for example to make life better by facilitating water usage, or to make life worse through accidents and pain. Children's accounts demonstrate that they can identify and explain complex interactions between activities, participation and health.Conclusions  The ICF framework facilitates the communication of children's perceptions of health and of relationships between health and water carrying. The model thus derived from their views incorporates not only commonly accepted conceptualizations of health condition, body structure and physiological function, but also of functioning through activities and social participation. Children's accounts suggest a possible association between water carrying and symptoms typical of musculoskeletal disorders. However, further research into the strength of association between water carrying and musculoskeletal disorders is needed.
Cultural perspectives of interventions for managing diabetes and asthma in children and adolescents from ethnic minority groups
Authors: Mc Manus V. , Savage E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBoth diabetes and asthma are increasingly being recognized as health problems for ethnic groups. Because of cultural differences, ethnicity is reported to be a risk factor for poorer quality in health care, disease management and disease control. Ethnic groups are at risk for poorer quality of life and increased disease complications when compared with non‐ethnic counterparts living in the same country. There is little known about how culture is addressed in interventions developed for ethnic groups. The aim of this paper is to systematically review the cultural perspectives of interventions for managing diabetes and asthma in children, adolescents and/or their families from ethnic minority groups. A total of 92 records were identified that were potentially relevant to this review following which, 61 papers were excluded. The full texts of remaining papers (n= 31) were then read independently by both authors, and agreement was reached to exclude a further 27 papers that did not meet inclusion criteria. A total of four papers were eligible for inclusion in this review. Findings indicate that despite growing concerns about health disparities between ethnic and non‐ethnic groups in relation to both asthma and diabetes in childhood, there has been little effort to develop cultural specific interventions for ethnic groups. By systematically reviewing asthma and diabetes interventions we have highlighted that few interventions have been developed from a cultural perspective. There are a limited number of interventions published that add knowledge on the specific elements of intervention that is needed to effectively and sensitively educate other cultures. More work is required into identifying which strategies or components of cultural interventions are most effective in achieving positive health outcomes for children, adolescents and/or their families from ethnic groups.
Children's conceptualization of the term ‘satisfaction’: relevance for measuring health outcomes
Authors: Taylor R. L. , Olds T. , Boshoff K. , Lane A. E. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground  Health outcomes measurement is integral to planning and evaluating paediatric health care. Recent outcome measures have been developed to capture children's participation in everyday activities, a core component of which is the child's perceived satisfaction. Satisfaction, however, is a complex concept and it is not known how children conceptualize satisfaction and hence how it should best be measured. The purpose of this study was to explore children's conceptualization of the term ‘satisfaction’ and compare this with the description of satisfaction given in the literature to inform how satisfaction can be assessed in children.Methods  Forty children aged between 10 and 15 years participated in eight focus groups, guided by a descriptive qualitative approach, to describe how they conceptualize ‘satisfaction’. Children with disabilities were excluded as it was considered important to first ascertain how children without disabilities conceptualize satisfaction. Recruitment occurred through seven urban and rural public schools. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results  Participants identified three methods by which a person may determine their level of satisfaction (i) making comparisons with previous experiences, and other's and self‐expectations; (ii) evaluating one's emotions; and (iii) receiving positive external feedback. Participants described drawing upon one of these methods in isolation, rather than integrating outcomes from each method into one judgement of satisfaction. Participants also demonstrated confusion between the terms ‘satisfaction’ and ‘satisfactory’.Conclusions  Partial congruence between children's conceptualization of satisfaction and that reported in the literature was observed in this study. Not all children between the ages of 10 and 15, however, have a full understanding of satisfaction. Caution must therefore be taken when using the term satisfaction in children's assessments to minimize the potential for varying interpretations of the question. Further studies are required to explore how children with disabilities view the term satisfaction and if their understanding differs to that of typically developing children.
22q11 deletion syndrome – the meaning of a diagnosis. A qualitative study on parental perspectives
Authors: Hallberg U. , Óskarsdóttir S. , Klingberg G. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground  The 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) is one of the most common multiple anomaly syndromes, with an incidence of approximately one per 4000 newborns. Although a patient may have several not too severe symptoms, the cumulative effect may be substantial disability. The aim of this study was to explore and describe parents' experiences of the diagnostic process and of being parents of a child with 22q11DS.Methods  Open, tape‐recorded interviews were carried out with 12 parents. The interviews were analysed in accordance with classical grounded theory.Results  The analysis show that parents describe the disclosure of their child's medical diagnosis as two‐sided, ambivalence between relief and sorrow, and the differences between these two aspects were related to the age of the child at time of diagnosis as well as to the problems and symptoms that had led to the diagnosis. Different strategies for handling this ambivalence are presented in the categories.Conclusions  Our conclusions are that information must be individually tailored, and there is no standard format for how to describe the syndrome to the parents. After disclosure, scheduled appointments for follow‐up on diagnosis‐related information is essential.
Loneliness of left‐behind children: a cross‐sectional survey in a sample of rural China
Authors: Jia Zhaobao , Tian Wenhua 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackground  It is reported that about 28.3% of rural children estimated at 58 million were left behind in China when their parents migrated to cities to find work. These children may encounter critical situations of psychological well‐being. We conducted a cross‐sectional study to explore whether left‐behind children are lonelier than the non‐left‐behind and to highlight subpopulations that are particular at risk.Methods  We conducted a community‐based cross‐sectional study on a representative sample in rural China. Semi‐structured questionnaires were applied to 324 left‐behind and 282 non‐left‐behind children. Logistic regression analysis was used to find out risk factors associated with loneliness.Results  We found that whether children were left behind or not influenced their likelihood of being lonely. Compared with non‐left‐behind children, the left‐behind were 2.5 times (95% CI 1.7, 3.5) more likely to suffer from loneliness and 6.4 times (95% CI 4.2, 9.7) more likely to be very lonely. Left‐behind children who were brought up by grandparents, or having poor economic status, bad relationship and low frequency of communication with parents were prone to encounter more as well as more severe loneliness. In particular, children who had a bad relationship with parents were at highest risk for severe loneliness (OR 14.5; 95% CI 2.1, 99.5).Conclusions  Left‐behind children are at significant risk for loneliness. More specific investigations targeted towards the psychological well‐being of these children are needed to identify the underlying preventable risk factors.
Apis mellifera has two isoforms of cytoplasmic HSP90
Authors: Xu P. J. , Xiao J. H. , Xia Q. Y. , Murphy B. , Huang D. W. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractUnlike most other insects, annotated genomic data suggest that Apis mellifera has two homologous copies of the cytoplasmic gene HSP90. In this study, we did a phylogenetic analysis on these two copies with some other insects HSP90 genes, and we also manipulated a reverse transcript (RT)‐PCR to find all the putative transcripts for both copies. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that A. mellifera possesses two isoforms of cytoplasmic HSP90: The ‘traditional’ isoform clusters with cytoplasmic HSP90 of other insects. The other isoform, which occurs phylogenetically as the sister group of all insects, may be a new gene and specific to A. mellifera. The results of RT‐PCR indicate that this new isoform contains at least eight transcripts derived from the same genomic locus by complicated alternative splicing (GenBank accession numbers: FJ713701, FJ713702, FJ713703, FJ713704, FJ713705, FJ713706, FJ713707 and FJ713708, respectively). The existence of this specific HSP90 might be related to the caste differentiation of bees.
Modelling the factors influencing general and oral hygiene behaviours in adolescents
Authors: DORRI MOJTABA , SHEIHAM AUBREY , WATT RICHARD G. 
Published: June 2010

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 261–269 Background.  Health behaviour models have been mainly used to explain indicators and the development of hygiene behaviours. However, health behaviour models do not explain and predict general and oral hygiene behaviours.Aim.  To develop and test a theoretical model of the factors influencing oral and general hygiene behaviours in male and female adolescents in Mashhad, Iran.Design.  A representative stratified random sample of 1132 6th grade Iranian students in Mashhad, with an average age of 12.4 (SD = 0.8) years, answered a 37‐item questionnaire. The questionnaire had items on socio‐demographic characteristics, education achievement and future aspiration, Sense of Coherence, toothbrushing frequency, frequency of showering and changing underwear, and peer social networks. Confirmatory structural equation modelling was used to test the validity of the model in the whole sample and among two sexes separately.Results.  All measurement models fitted the data. Significant correlations among latent variables were observed. Fit indices indicated good representation of the data in the whole sample. Goodness‐of‐fit statistics were significant among the two sexes.Conclusions.  The proposed theoretical model of the factors influencing general and oral hygiene behaviours in adolescents was valid. Further studies should further investigate the properties of this model in different populations.
Effect of computerized delivery intraligamental injection in primary molars on their corresponding permanent tooth buds
Authors: ASHKENAZI MALKA , BLUMER SIGALIT , ELI ILANA 
Published: June 2010

International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry 2010; 20: 270–275 Objective.  To evaluate the prevalence of developmental disturbances in permanent teeth in which buds were exposed to intraligamental injection (ILI) delivered by a computer controlled local anaesthetic delivery (C‐CLAD).Methods.  The study population consisted of 78 children (age 4.1–12.8 years) who received ILI–C‐CLAD to 166 primary molars. A structured form was designed to include information regarding age at treatment, gender, type of treated tooth, tooth location, type of dental treatment, and type of developmental disturbance(s) present in the associated permanent tooth. Teeth, which received regular anaesthesia or were not anaesthetized by local anaesthesia, served as controls.Results.  Five children had developmental defects. In C‐CLAD–ILI exposed teeth, one child had two hypomaturation defects. The corresponding primary teeth were extracted. No defects were found on the control side. In two children, hypoplastic defects were found only in the control teeth (one in each child). One suffered from a dentoalveolar abscess in the corresponding primary tooth. Diffuse hypomaturation defects were found in two children on both the C‐CLAD‐ILI exposed and control sides.Conclusion.  In the primary dentition, C‐CLAD–ILI does not increase the danger of developmental disturbances to the underlying permanent dental bud.