bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data quality: a case study
Authors: Herzog Thomas N. , Scheuren Fritz J. , Winkler William E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this article, after a brief discussion of the role of management in supporting data quality efforts within its organization we describe work carried out to improve the quality of a database of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). The techniques used include internal consistency checks and record linkage methods. The end result was that (1) duplicate records were removed from the database, (2) critical data elements were corrected, and (3) property addresses were added to mortgage records that previously lacked such. WIREs Comp Stat 2011 3 12–21 DOI: 10.1002/wics.137This article is categorized under:

Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Data Reduction, Smoothing, and Filtering
Cap and cap‐binding proteins in the control of gene expression
Authors: Topisirovic Ivan , Svitkin Yuri V. , Sonenberg Nahum , Shatkin Aaron J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe 5′ mRNA cap structure is essential for efficient gene expression from yeast to human. It plays a critical role in all aspects of the life cycle of an mRNA molecule. Capping occurs co‐transcriptionally on the nascent pre‐mRNA as it emerges from the RNA exit channel of RNA polymerase II. The cap structure protects mRNAs from degradation by exonucleases and promotes transcription, polyadenylation, splicing, and nuclear export of mRNA and U‐rich, capped snRNAs. In addition, the cap structure is required for the optimal translation of the vast majority of cellular mRNAs, and it also plays a prominent role in the expression of eukaryotic, viral, and parasite mRNAs. Cap‐binding proteins specifically bind to the cap structure and mediate its functions in the cell. Two major cellular cap‐binding proteins have been described to date: eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) in the cytoplasm and nuclear cap binding complex (nCBC), a nuclear complex consisting of a cap‐binding subunit cap‐binding protein 20 (CBP 20) and an auxiliary protein cap‐binding protein 80 (CBP 80). nCBC plays an important role in various aspects of nuclear mRNA metabolism such as pre‐mRNA splicing and nuclear export, whereas eIF4E acts primarily as a facilitator of mRNA translation. In this review, we highlight recent findings on the role of the cap structure and cap‐binding proteins in the regulation of gene expression. We also describe emerging regulatory pathways that control mRNA capping and cap‐binding proteins in the cell. WIREs RNA 2011 2 277–298 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.52This article is categorized under:

RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein–RNA Recognition
Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA Processing > Capping and 5' End Modifications
Identification of phosphatase 2A‐like Sit4‐mediated signalling and ubiquitin‐dependent protein sorting as modulators of caffeine sensitivity in S. cerevisiae
Authors: Hood‐DeGrenier Jennifer K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractCaffeine exerts pleiotropic effects on eukaryotic cells via its ability to act as a low‐affinity adenosine analogue. Here we report that the genes HSE1, RTS3, SDS23 and SDS24 confer caffeine resistance when overexpressed in S. cerevisiae. The Hse1 protein functions in ubiquitin‐dependent vacuolar protein sorting, whereas the other proteins are poorly characterized. Bioinformatic analysis of genetic and physical interaction data linked Rts3 and Sds23/24 to the phosphatase 2A‐like Sit4 pathway. Combinatorial deletions of the identified suppressor genes conferred varying levels of caffeine hypersensitivity. For hse1Δ and rts3Δ mutants, caffeine sensitivity was partially rescued by sorbitol osmostabilization, suggesting possible cell wall integrity defects in these strains. Rapamycin sensitivity experiments linked the caffeine sensitivity of rts3Δ, but not that of sds23/24Δ or hse1Δ strains, to inhibition of the TORC1 kinase complex, a central regulator of cell growth and a known caffeine target. Epistasis experiments support a model in which Rts3 and Sds23/24 act in parallel to negatively regulate Sit4, while Hse1 confers caffeine resistance via a separate pathway. In summary, this study identifies the Sit4 phosphatase pathway and membrane protein dynamics as key modulators of caffeine‐mediated inhibition of yeast cell growth and proposes novel functions for Rts3 and Sds23/24. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Marker reconstitution mutagenesis: a simple and efficient reverse genetic approach
Authors: Tang Xie , Huang Junqi , Padmanabhan Anup , Bakka Kavya , Bao Yun , Yuelin Tan Brenda , Zacheus Cande W. , Balasubramanian Mohan K. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA novel reverse genetic approach termed ‘marker reconstitution mutagenesis’ was designed to generate mutational allelic series in genes of interest. This approach consists of two simple steps which utilize two selective markers. First, using one selective marker, a partial fragment of another selective marker gene is inserted adjacently to a gene of interest by homologous recombination. Second, random mutations are introduced precisely into the gene of interest, together with the reconstitution of the latter selective marker by homologous recombination. This approach was successfully tested for several genes in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. It circumvents the problems encountered with other methods and should be adaptable to any organism that incorporates exogenous DNA by homologous recombination. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis and Crystal Structure of [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed A. K. , Fjellvåg Helmer , Kjekshus Arne , Wragg David S. , Sen Gupta Nalinava 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe mixed‐ligand complex [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2 [(thd)– = anion of H(thd) = C11H20O2 = 2,2,6,6‐tetramethylheptane‐3,5‐dione] appears as by‐product when EtOH/H2O is used as solvent during preparation of Cr(thd)3. [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2 can be difficult to separate from Cr(thd)3 by sublimation, but separation is easily accomplished by extracting Cr(thd)3 with acetone. A detailed account for the sublimation behavior of [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2/Cr(thd)3 mixtures is advanced. Good yields of [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2 are obtained when CrCl3, H(thd), and Na(EtO) react in absolute EtOH. [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2 is obtained in the form of green needle‐shaped crystals by recrystallization from toluene. The crystal structure is triclinic [a = 10.2919(15), b = 10.6686(16), c = 14.194(3) Å, α = 106.559(2), β = 107.869(2), and γ = 98.326(2)° at 295 K; space group P$\bar{1}$. The complex contains two crystallographic equivalent chromium atoms, which are bridged by two cis‐configured ethoxy groups, the four remaining sites in the octahedral coordination around each chromium atom being occupied by oxygen atoms from two thd ligands. The bond lengths and angles concur with the findings for related molecular complexes. The temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility of [Cr(thd)2(OEt)]2 follows Curie–Weiss law with Weiss constant θ ≈︁ –65 K and μp = 3.87 μB.
Supramolecular Hydrogen‐Bonded Frameworks from a New Bisphosphonic Acid and Transition Metal Ions
Authors: Gholivand Khodayar , Reza Farrokhi Ali 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe reaction of 2‐morpholinoethylimino‐bis(methylenephosphonic acid) (H4L) with cobalt(II), nickel(II) acetate, and cadmium(II) chloride in ethanol/water mixed solvents afforded three new crystal‐engineered supramolecular metal phosphonates, Co(H3L)2·2H2O (1), Ni(H3L)2·2H2O (2), and [Cd2Cl4(H2O)6]0.5[H4L] (3) by using a layering technique. The cobalt(II) ions in complex 1 are hexacoordinated by four phosphonate oxygen atoms and two imino nitrogen atoms. The mononuclear units of complex 1 are connected through hydrogen bonds to form a three dimensional supramolecular network. The structure of compound 2 is analogous to that of 1 except that the cobalt(II) ion in compound 1 is replaced by nickel(II) in compound 2. In the molecular structure of compound 3, cadmium is coordinated to three chloride ions and three aqua oxygen atoms to form a novel neutral dinuclear complex. Several hydrogen bonds connect the dinuclear complex and the neutral form of the ligand to build a supramolecular three dimensional structure.
A psychophysical study of endogenous analgesia: The role of the conditioning pain in the induction and magnitude of conditioned pain modulation
Authors: Nirl Rony‐Reuven , Granovskyl Yelena , Yarnitskyl David , Sprecherl Elliot , Granotl Michal 
Published: October 2010

AbstractEndogenous analgesia (EA) can be examined experimentally using a conditioned pain modulation (CPM) paradigm. While noxious conditioning stimulation intensities (CSIs) are mainly used, it has not been fully investigated in the same experimental design whether the experienced conditioning pain level affects CPM responses. The principal goal of the present study was to characterize CPM induction and magnitudes evoked by various conditioning pain levels. Furthermore, we explored associations between conditioning pain reports and CPM responses across various CSIs. Thirty healthy, young, right‐handed males were tested with a parallel CPM paradigm. Three different CSIs (hand water‐immersion) induced mild, moderate and intense pain levels, rated 12.41±7.85, 31.57±9.56 and 58.1±11.43, respectively (0–100 numerical pain scale) (P<0.0001). Contact‐heat ‘test‐stimulus’ levels were compared before and during conditioning. Within the group, (i) CPM was induced only by the moderate and intense CSIs (Ps≤0.001); (ii) no difference was demonstrated between the magnitudes of these CPM responses. Regression analysis revealed that CPM induction was independent of the perceived conditioning pain level, but associated with the absolute CSI (P<0.0001). Conditioning pain levels were correlated across all CSIs, as were CPM magnitudes (Ps≤0.01). We conclude that among males, (i) once a CPM response is evoked by a required conditioning pain experience, its magnitude is not further affected by increasing conditioning pain and (ii) CPM magnitudes are inter‐correlated, but unrelated to conditioning pain reports. These observations may suggest that CPM responses represent an intrinsic element of an individual's EA processes, which are not significantly affected by the experienced conditioning pain.
ON MAXIMAL ESSENTIAL EXTENSIONS OF RINGS
Authors: ANDRUSZKIEWICZ R. R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe main purpose of this paper is to give a new, elementary proof of Flanigan’s theorem, which says that a given ringAhas a maximal essential extension ME(A) if and only if the two-sided annihilator ofAis zero. Moreover, we discuss the problem of description of ME(A) for a given right idealAof a ring with an identity.
The Muqannaʿ narrative in theTārīkhnāma: Part II, Commentary and analysis
Authors: Crone Patricia , Jazi Masoud Jafari 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn the previous issue ofBSOASwe published an edition and translation of an account of the war against al-Muqannaʿ (BSOAS73/2, 155–77). Here we offer a detailed commentary and an analysis of what we can learn from it, mostly relating to the beginning of al-Muqannaʿ's revolt and his conquests of Samarqand. The value of the account lies mainly in the fact that its first half is focused on Samarqand rather than Bukhārā. We also offer some thoughts on how the narrative may have originated and how it relates to theTārīkh-i Bukhārāand other sources.
Parthianž
Authors: Korn Agnes 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article argues that the opposition between Old Iranian*čand*ǰwas preserved in Manichaean Parthian not only word-initially, but also in postvocalic position, at least at the time of the introduction of the Manichaean script. The approach is phonological, and attempts to show that Pth. /č/ (< OIr.*č), written <c> and <z̈>, and Pth. /ž/ (< OIr.*ǰand*ž), written <j>, are consistently distinguished in the Manichaean script. Pth. /č/ may have developed a postvocalic allophone [ǰ] (not affecting the phonematic opposition), which might have been a motivation for the use of the letter <z̈>. Transcriptions into Sogdian script and the cantillations suggest a coalescence of the Pth. phonemes, but it is not clear whether this is a later development of the Pth. language itself or a peculiarity of the liturgical pronunciation of Parthian as practised by Manichaeans in Central Asia.1
Of similes and metaphors in Buddhist philosophical literature: poetic semblance through mythic allusion
Authors: Kragh Ulrich Timme 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIt is a common supposition that to understand a philosophical writing, knowledge of the philosophical sources on which it draws suffices. Yet, abstract subtleties are often suitably dressed in poetic comparisons, whose threads are spun from a different source. While the body of logical argument appeals to the intellect, the dress of literary tropes allures the emotions. Philosophy is not simply mathematics, for it involves a sentiment, which in Mahāyāna Buddhism means susceptibility to its religious ethos embodied in its path, bodhicitta, and bodhisattvas. Through Candrakīrti's comparison of buddhas and bodhisattvas to the king of geese, I shall here examine the use of similes and metaphors in Indian Buddhist philosophical writing. The analysis illustrates the subtle influence that popular narratives eulogizing the deeds of saints had on such texts, and proposes to revisit philosophical texts as literary works.
Political mythology and dynastic legitimacy in theRong Cheng shimanuscript
Authors: Pines Yuri 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this article I provide a complete translation and analysis of the recently unearthed bamboo manuscript,Rong Cheng shi, from the Shanghai Museum collection. This manuscript presents a previously unknown version of China's early history from the time of legendary rulers Yao, Shun, Yu and their predecessors to the establishment of the Zhou dynasty. The narrative is critical of both the dynastic principle of rule and “righteous rebellion”, and advocates instead the ruler's abdication in favour of a worthier candidate as the best mode of rule; in addition, it hints at the unusually active role of “the people” in establishing the supreme ruler. Moreover, despite being associated with the southern state of Chu, theRong Cheng shipresents a unitary view of the past, which rejects the multi-state world and promulgates the notion of the unified “All-under-Heaven” as singularly legitimate. The text has far-reaching significance in terms of both history of Chinese political thought and of early Chinese historiography.
Predictors of increasing waist circumference in an Australian population
Authors: Walls Helen L , Magliano Dianna J , McNeil John J , Stevenson Christopher , Ademi Zanfina , Shaw Jonathan , Peeters Anna 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo identify predictors of increasing waist circumference (WC) over a 5-year period in a contemporary population of Australian adults.DesignLongitudinal national cohort of adults participating in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab).SettingsAustralian adults in 2000 and 2005.SubjectsA total of 2521 men and 2726 women aged ≥25 years at baseline who participated in AusDiab and provided anthropometric measurements at baseline (1999–2000) and follow-up (2005).ResultsA ≥5 % increase of baseline WC occurred in 27 % of men and 38 % of women over the 5-year period. In the multivariate analysis of the total population, there was a higher risk of ≥5 % gain in baseline WC in women, younger people, people with a lower baseline WC, people who never married compared with married/de facto, current smokers compared with never smokers, people with a poorer diet quality and people with a low energy intake. However, there was no significant association with many expected predictors of waist gain such as physical activity. There were some associations between other lifestyle factors and change of WC by sex, age, level of education and across WC categories, but the associations differed across these groups.ConclusionsA ≥5 % increase of baseline WC occurred in a significant proportion of men and women over the 5-year period. Of the behavioural factors, poor diet quality was the key predictor of the ≥5 % increase of baseline WC in this cohort. The findings highlight the need to understand better the causal role of lifestyle in regard to increasing WC over time.
Reduction in sugar-sweetened beverages is not associated with more water or diet drinks
Authors: Veitch Jenny , Singh Amika , van Stralen Maartje M , van Mechelen Willem , Brug Johannes , ChinAPaw Mai JM 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe Dutch Obesity Intervention in Teenagers (DOiT) is a school-based randomised controlled trial that was effective in decreasing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages among adolescents. The present study examined, using mediation analysis, whether this decrease in consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages could be explained by an increase in the consumption of water or diet drinks.DesignParticipants completed a questionnaire about their beverage consumption at baseline and at 8 months (immediately post-intervention), 12- and 20-month follow-ups. A series of multi-level linear regression analyses were performed to examine water and diet drink consumption as potential mediators of the intervention effect on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.SettingEighteen Dutch secondary schools.SubjectsA total of 747 adolescents (mean age: 12·7 years).ResultsIn addition to the DoiT intervention effect of a reduction in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages at 8 months (−284 ml/d; 95 % CI −420, −148) and 12 months (−260 ml/d; 95 % CI −360, −160), there was also a significant reduction in diet drinks at 8 months (−52 ml/d; 95 % CI −89, −16). There was no significant difference in water consumption at any follow-up. The decrease in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption could not be explained by an increase in water or diet drink consumption at any time point.ConclusionsInterventions aimed at reducing sugar-sweetened beverage consumption may be effective without changing consumption of other beverages. Reducing sugar-sweetened beverages was, however, a main message of the DOiT intervention. It is possible that a concomitant promotion of water may have resulted in a greater increase in water intake and replacement of sugar-sweetened beverages with water.
Understanding the nutrition information needs of migrant communities: the needs of African and Pacific Islander communities of Logan, Queensland
Authors: Williams Emily , Harris Neil 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the nutrition information needs of the Pacific Islander and African migrant communities of Logan.DesignThe present study was structured as a needs assessment and used qualitative research methods. An integrative review was used to gather and analyse data relating to comparative and normative needs, while semi-structured interviews were undertaken for the felt and expressed needs.SettingLogan City, Queensland, Australia.SubjectsAfrican and Pacific Islander migrants and health and social service providers within the Logan region.ResultsThe study identified the need for more accessible means of information delivery such as visual and face-to-face methods or hands-on demonstrations. The study found that information should be delivered in a staged approach on topics including food safety, Australian foods, healthy eating and diet–disease relationships, according to a migrant’s length of residence in Australia.ConclusionsThe present study contributes to our understanding of the nutrition information needs of African and Pacific Islander migrant communities of Logan. These findings will enable the development of more appropriate nutrition information and health services for these Logan communities and other similar communities across Australia.
The Mediterranean diet in Spain: adherence trends during the past two decades using the Mediterranean Adequacy Index
Authors: Bach-Faig Anna , Fuentes-Bol Carmen , Ramos Domingo , Carrasco Josep Lluís , Roman Blanca , Bertomeu Isabel F , Cristià Esther , Geleva Daniela , Serra-Majem Lluís 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to analyse the evolution of the Spanish population’s global and regional adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) since 1987.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted analysing food consumption from the Spanish Household Consumption Surveys administered by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food.SettingThe Mediterranean Adequacy Index (MAI) was applied to measure the adherence to the MD. The significance of the MAI trend was evaluated using a regression model.SubjectsThe sample comprises a household consumption data set, which consisted of 2500 households in 1987 and increased to 6200 in 2005.ResultsThere was a significant decrease in the MAI (P = 0·001) during the past two decades in Spanish households. From 1987 to 1997, MD adherence significantly decreased, but since 1998 it appears to have stabilised. In recent years, the daily household availability of several of the food components of the MD has increased. The MAI was observed to be significantly higher during the entire period in some Mediterranean regions, such as Andalusia, and significantly lower in more inland regions, such as Castile-Leon.ConclusionsDuring the past two decades, Spain has experienced a significant downward trend in adherence to the predominant dietary pattern, likely as a result of numerous socio-economic changes. However, a stabilisation and a recent slight recovery have been observed during the past decade.
Eating patterns and nutritional characteristics associated with sleep duration
Authors: Kim Sangmi , DeRoo Lisa A , Sandler Dale P 
Published: October 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo identify major meal and snack eating patterns, and examine their relationships with sleep duration.DesignThe analyses included 27 983 participants in a prospective cohort study of women aged 35 to 74 years in the USA or Puerto Rico.ResultsThe principal component analysis of eight meal and snack frequency items at different times across the day yielded two major eating patterns: (i) eating during conventional eating hours (defined as times from breakfast to dinner); and (ii) dominance of snacks over meals. Comparing the identified eating patterns among women with varying sleep duration (<5, 5–5·9, 6–6·9, 7–7·9, 8–8·9, 9–9·9 and ≥10 h daily), the tendency for eating during conventional eating hours decreased with decreasing sleep duration: adjusted mean score of −0·54 (95 % CI –0·68, –0·41) in women sleeping for <5 h daily v. 0·08 (95 % CI 0·06, 0·11) among those with 7–7·9 h of sleep daily. The extent of snack dominance over meals increased in women with shorter sleep. Women with long (≥10 h) sleep duration had eating patterns similar to those with short (<6 h) sleep duration. Lower tendency for eating during conventional eating hours and greater snack dominance over meals were also related to higher intakes of fat and sweets for energy and lower intakes of fruits and vegetables.ConclusionsDisrupted eating patterns and diet of poor nutritional quality may exacerbate the development of obesity and metabolic diseases in habitual short and very long sleepers.