bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning to count: adapting population monitoring for Endangered huemul deer Hippocamelus bisulcus to meet conservation objectives
Authors: Wittmer Heiko U. , Corti Paulo , Saucedo Cristián , Galaz José Luis 
Published: October 2010

AbstractConsiderable efforts have been invested in recent years to improve methods for both data collection and analyses required for population monitoring. Where historical or current estimates of population size are not adjusted for detection probabilities they may be too inaccurate to provide meaningful estimates of trends and thus monitoring methods need to be adapted. Here, we use data from the Endangered huemul deer Hippocamelus bisulcus to outline a framework to develop accurate robust estimates of detection probabilities that can be incorporated into new surveys in a cost-effective way and applied to existing survey data sets. In particular, by retroactively estimating detection probabilities for surveys of huemul, we show that current survey methods for huemul are inadequate to determine population trends reliably. Based on these results we propose a new monitoring method for the huemul and discuss the importance of estimating accuracies of historical survey data to ensure that changes in the abundance of the species reflect real population trends and are not an artefact of variation over time in the accuracy of survey data.
Predictors of onset of depression and anxiety in the year after diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors: Hill J. , Holcombe C. , Clark L. , Boothby M. R. K. , Hincks A. , Fisher J. , Tufail S. , Salmon P. 
Published: October 2010

BackgroundDepression and anxiety are common after diagnosis of breast cancer. We examined to what extent these are recurrences of previous disorder and, controlling for this, whether shame, self-blame and low social support after diagnosis predicted onset of depression and anxiety subsequently.MethodWomen with primary breast cancer who had been treated surgically self-reported shame, self-blame, social support and emotional distress post-operatively. Psychiatric interview 12 months later identified those with adult lifetime episodes of major depression (MD) or generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) before diagnosis and onset over the subsequent year. Statistical analysis examined predictors of each disorder in that year.ResultsOf the patients, two-thirds with episodes of MD and 40% with episodes of GAD during the year after diagnosis were experiencing recurrence of previous disorder. Although low social support, self-blame and shame were each associated with both MD and GAD after diagnosis, they did not mediate the relationship of disorder after diagnosis with previous disorder. Low social support, but not shame or self-blame, predicted recurrence after controlling for previous disorder.ConclusionsAnxiety and depression during the first year after diagnosis of breast cancer are often the recurrence of previous disorder. In predicting disorder following diagnosis, self-blame and shame are merely markers of previous disorder. Low social support is an independent predictor and therefore may have a causal role.
Interval translation mappings
Authors: Boshernitzan Michael , Kornfeld Isaac 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA class of locally isometric, but not necessarily invertible mappings of an interval is considered. We show that under some conditions the study of the dynamical properties of these mappings can be reduced to interval exchange transformations. On the other hand, there are examples of mappings in this class with ergodic invariant measures supported by Cantor sets. The so-called μβ -sets studied by Y. Katznelson appear naturally in such examples.
Classifying C1+ structures on dynamical fractals: 2. Embedded trees
Authors: Pinto A. A. , Rand D. A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe classify the C1+α structures on embedded trees. This extends the results of Sullivan on embeddings of the binary tree to trees with arbitrary topology and to embeddings without bounded geometry and with contact points. We used these results in an earlier paper to describe the moduli spaces of smooth conjugacy classes of expanding maps and Markov maps on train tracks. In later papers we will use those results to do the same for pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphisms of surfaces. These results are also used in the classification of renormalisation limits of C1+α diffeomorphisms of the circle.
Extending flows from isolated invariant sets
Authors: Bloch W. L. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLet M be a closed n-dimensional manifold, and let U be a n-dimensional isolating block such that U is smoothly embedded in M. Let φ be a smooth semi-flow on U and let Λ contained in U, be isolated and invariant under φ Then there exists a semi-flow φ′ on M which extends φ such that φ′ is Morse-Smale outside of U, and no new recurrence is introduced in U. The theorem is true for any finite number of pairwise-disjoint Ui. Furthermore, if Λ is hyperbolic, topologically transitive and is the closure of periodic orbits, then φ′ is an Axiom A flow and is Ω-stable. In dimensions two and three, we have the stronger result that φ′ is structurally stable. Also, as a corollary, we give sufficient conditions for the flow φ′ to be nonsingular. One application of the corollary permits the formation of allowable knots and links in three-manifolds such that there exists a structurally stable nonsingular Morse-Smale flow φ′ which contains the specified knots and links in Ω(φ′) Moreover, the knots and links can be specified to be any combination of attractors, repellers or saddles.
Local dimension for piecewise monotonic maps on the interval
Authors: Hofbauer Franz 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe local dimension of invariant and conformal measures for piecewise monotonic transformations on the interval is considered. For ergodic invariant measures m with positive characteristic exponent χm we show that the local dimension exists almost everywhere and equals hm/χm For certain conformal measures we show a relation between a pressure function and the Hausdorff dimension of sets, on which the local dimension is constant.
The ambient structure of basic sets
Authors: Löffler A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLet Λ be a basic set of an Axiom A diffeomorphism of a compact Riemannian manifold M without boundary. If ε is small enough one can find by local product structure that for x ε Λ there is a neighborhood V(x) in M such that V ∩ Λ is homeomorphic to . The author proves that this homeomorphism can be extended to a homeomorphism of V onto .
Bifurcations of meromorphic vector fields on the Riemann sphere
Authors: Muciño-Raymundo Jesús , Valero-Valdés Carlos 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLet {Xθ} be a family of rotated singular real foliations in the Riemann sphere which is the result of the rotation of a meromorphic vector field X with zeros and poles of multiplicity one. We prove that the set of bifurcation values, in the circle {θ}, is for each family a set with at most a finite number of accumulation points. A condition which implies a finite number of bifurcation values is given. We also show that the property of having an infinite set of bifurcation values defines open but not dense sets in the space of meromorphic vector fields with fixed degree.
Meromorphic multifunctions and stability of Julia sets
Authors: Wu Shengjian 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLet Rw(z): W × C∞ → C∞ be an analytic family of rational functions, J(w) the Julia set of Rw and J*(w) the upper semicontinuous regularization of J(w). We shall discuss the relationship between J(w) and J*(w) as well as some related problems.
Reduction of cocycles with hyperbolic targets
Authors: Adams Scot 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe show that any cocycle from an ergodic, finite measure preserving action of a higher-rank group to a closed subgroup of the isometry group of a proper, geodesic hyperbolic, ‘at most exponential’ metric space is necessarily cohomologous to a cocycle with values in a compact subgroup. Philosophically, this says that higher-rank dynamics is incompatible with hyperbolic dynamics; since hyperbolicity is, in some sense, generic among finitely presented groups, this places strong restrictions on the possible dynamics of higher-rank groups. We derive some applications of the main result. When the target group of the cocycle has no small subgroups, we show that the main result holds for a wider class of domain groups.
Structural stability of linear random dynamical systems
Authors: Cong Nguyen Dinh 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper, structural stability of discrete-time linear random dynamical systems is studied. A random dynamical system is called structurally stable with respect to a random norm if it is topologically conjugate to any random dynamical system which is sufficiently close to it in this norm. We prove that a discrete-time linear random dynamical system is structurally stable with respect to its Lyapunov norms if and only if it is hyperbolic.
Admissible subgroups of full ergodic groups
Authors: Fedorov Andrey , Rubshtein Ben-Zion 
Published: October 2010

AbstractLet G be a countable group of automorphisms of a Lebesgue space (X, m) and let [G] be the full group of G. For a pair of countable ergodic subgroups H1 and H2 of [G], the following problem is considered: when are the full subgroups [H1] and [H2] conjugate in the normalizer N[G] = {g ∈ Aut X: g[G]g-1 = [G]} of [G]. A complete solution of the problem is given in the case when [G] is an approximately finite group of type II and [H] is admissible, in the sense that there exists an ergodic subgroup [H0] of [G] and a countable subgroup Γ ⊂ N[H0] consisting of automorphisms which are outer for [H0], such that [H0] ⊂ [G] and the full subgroup [Ho, Γ] generated by [H0] and Γ coincides with [G].
Rational maps whose Fatou components are Jordan domains
Authors: Pilgrim Kevin M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe prove: If f(z) is a critically finite rational map which has exactly two critical points and which is not conjugate to a polynomial, then the boundary of every Fatou component of f is a Jordan curve. If f(z) is a hyperbolic critically finite rational map all of whose postcritical points are periodic, then there exists a cycle of Fatou components whose boundaries are Jordan curves. We give examples of critically finite hyperbolic rational maps f with a Fatou component ω satisfying f(ω) = ω and f|∂ω not topologically conjugate to the dynamics of any polynomial on its Julia set.
IP-sets and polynomial recurrence
Authors: Bergelson Vitaly , Furstenberg Hillel , McCutcheon Randall 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe combine recurrence properties of polynomials and IP-sets and show that polynomials evaluated along IP-sequences also give rise to Poincaré sets for measure-preserving systems, that is, sets of integers along which the analogue of the Poincaré recurrence theorem holds. This is done by applying to measure-preserving transformations a limit theorem for products of appropriate powers of a commuting family of unitary operators.
Simulation of shock waves in flyer plate impact experiments
Authors: Neff S. , Presura R. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper we present a newly developed one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation code and use it to determine the shock evolution in flyer plate impact experiments. The code is Lagrangian with artificial viscosity and uses shock Hugoniot data in its equation-of-state calculations instead of SESAME data tables. First shock calculations for transparent targets show a good agreement with theoretical predictions, making the code suitable for designing future flyer impact experiments at the Nevada Terawatt Facility.
Plasma-filled diode in the electron accelerator on base of a pulsed linear transformer
Authors: Kovalchuk B.M. , Zherlitsyn A.A. , Pedin N.N. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTechnique of a linear transformer allows now to build the generators of high power nanosecond pulses with the current rise time of ~100 ns without intermediate power compression stages. This technique is being examined for use in high current high voltage pulsed accelerators. Plasma-filled diode has several advantages over standard vacuum diode that allow to improve the accelerators parameters. In this paper, plasma-filled diode experiments are described on generation of e-beam in the linear transformer accelerator. Possibility of use in the diode of isolated parallel plasma channels has been proven for the e-beam generation with cross-sectional area up to 50 cm2. The beam with current of 100 kA at voltage more than 400 kV was generated in the plasma-filled diode. Energy transmission efficiency from primary storage into a beam is about 54%.
Localization of a high-speed mobile robot using global features
Authors: Cho Seungkeun , Lee Jangmyung 
Published: October 2010

SUMMARYA new localization algorithm is proposed for a fast moving mobile robot, which utilizes only one beacon and the global features of the differential-driving mobile robot. It takes a relatively long time to localize a mobile robot with active beacon sensors, since the distance to the beacon is measured based on the traveling time of the ultrasonic signal. When the mobile robot is moving slowly, the measurement time does not yield a high error. At a higher speed, however, the localization error becomes too large for the mobile robot to be located accurately. Therefore, in high-speed mobile robot operations, instead of using two or more active beacons, only one active beacon and the global features of the mobile robot are used to localize the mobile robot. The two global features are the radius and center of the rotational motion for the differential-driving mobile robot, which generally describe the motion of, and are used for the trace prediction of, a mobile robot. In high-speed operations, the localizer finds the intersection point of this predicted trace and the circle, which is centered at the beacon whose radius is the distance between the mobile robot and the beacon. This new approach overcomes the large localization error caused by the high speed of the mobile robot. The performance of the new localization algorithm is verified through experiments with a high-speed mobile robot.
Factors associated with social contacts in four communities during the 2007–2008 influenza season
Authors: DeSTEFANO F. , HABER M. , CURRIVAN D. , FARRIS T. , BURRUS B. , STONE-WIGGINS B. , McCALLA A. , GULED H. , SHIH H. , EDELSON P. , WETTERHALL S. 
Published: October 2010

SUMMARYMathematical models of influenza pandemics are sensitive to changes in contact rates between individuals. We conducted population-based telephone surveys in four North Carolina counties to determine the number of social interactions between individuals during the 2007–2008 influenza season. Influenza activity was monitored through sentinel medical practices. Among 3845 adults, the number of social contacts varied with age, was lower on weekends than on weekdays, and further decreased during school holiday periods. Adults with influenza-like illnesses had fewer social contacts. Adults' contacts in the community setting increased during periods of peak influenza activity. Among 290 children, potential contacts (i.e. other people in the same location) were lowest among preschool-age children and decreased on weekends and during school holidays. In adjusted analyses, children's potential social contacts did not change during periods of peak influenza activity. These results should be useful for modelling influenza epidemics and pandemics and in planning mitigation and response strategies.
Optimal investment strategies and performance sharing rules for pension schemes with minimum guarantee
Authors: PÉZIER JACQUES , SCHELLER JOHANNA 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThere is a potential conflict of interest between a pension fund sponsor and future pensioners when they share unequally in the pension fund performance. Thus, when a scheme offers a yearly guaranteed minimum return to pensioners, as is presently the case with German Pensionskassen, the sponsors cannot afford to invest in risky assets and consequently, pensioners end up with safe but very low expected returns. We examine optimal investment strategies for sponsors under alternative performance sharing rules and seek the rules that are most beneficial to pensioners. We find that the current yearly performance sharing rule imposed on Pensionskassen could be tilted in favor of sponsors without impairing the welfare of pensioners. We also find that the welfare of pensioners would be greatly enhanced if the guaranteed minimum return were applied to the cumulative return since inception of the scheme rather than to yearly returns. The ensuing credit risk taken by pensioners on sponsors could be kept to a minimum by proper regulation; this would induce sponsors to adopt safe constant proportionality portfolio insurance (CPPI) style investment strategies.
High rates of denitrification and nitrate removal in cold seep sediments
Authors: Bowles Marshall , Joye Samantha 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
We measured denitrification and nitrate removal rates in cold seep sediments from the Gulf of Mexico. Heterotrophic potential denitrification rates were assayed in time-series incubations. Surficial sediments inhabited by Beggiatoa exhibited higher heterotrophic potential denitrification rates (32 μm N reduced day−1) than did deeper sediments (11 μm N reduced day−1). Nitrate removal rates were high in both sediment horizons. These nitrate removal rates translate into rapid turnover times (&lt;1 day) for the nitrate pool, resulting in a faster turnover for the nitrate pool than for the sulfate pool. Together, these data underscore the rigorous nature of internal nitrogen cycling at cold seeps and the requirement for novel mechanisms to provide nitrate to the sediment microbial community.
Standardization in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Authors: Ferro Rojas Serenella , Morgat Anne , Consortium UniProt 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWithin the UniProt consortium, the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot knowledge base provides the international community with a stable, comprehensive, fully classified, richly and accurately annotated protein sequence database that is fully operable with other databases. Annotation relates to function(s) of the protein (their catalytic activity and the corresponding metabolic pathway(s) in which the protein may be involved), their cellular location, their interactions with other cellular components, etc. It is challenging to unify the way we annotate proteins, to ensure consistency and to describe data unambiguously. It is also highly valuable both for querying the database and for analyzing high-throughput data (expression data for instance). Because it is of fundamental importance to use standardized nomenclatures, annotations in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot are progressively moving towards controlled vocabularies (CVs) and ontologies. Controlled vocabulary - or terminology - provides a list of concepts and text descriptions of their meaning. Concepts in a CV are often organized in a hierarchy. Ontology provides a formal representation of knowledge with definitions of concepts, their attributes and relations between them.As an illustration, we will describe the processes used to produce SUBCELLULAR and PATHWAY annotation sections in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. The CVs used in these two sections are based on in-house resources, UniProt subcell^1^ and UniPathway^2^ respectively. The links between these resources and other existing resources will be presented too, with a specific focus on Gene Ontology^3^ as we envisage using it extensively in order to describe protein functions or other biological processes.
Automatisation in UniProtKB / Swiss-Prot Annotation: New Rules and Tools
Authors: Team The HAPMAP , Team The PROSITE , de Castro Edouard , Bridge Alan , Consortium UniProt 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe development of next generation sequencing technologies promises a massive increase in the rate of submission of new protein sequences to sequence databases such as the Universal Protein Resource Knowledge Base, UniProtKB. At UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot we propose to meet this challenge by continuing to expand and develop systems for the automatic propagation of existing annotation to newly submitted protein sequences. These developments will promote the standardization of ortholog annotation both across and within kingdoms and significantly enhance our ability to accurately annotate new protein sequences which are being produced at an ever increasing rate.
Data Curation in Biology - Past, Present and Future
Authors: Thornton Janet 
Published: October 2010

AbstractData curation has been critical in the development of biology from Darwin and Linnaeus to UniProt, the careful collection and organisation of data has been the spring from which new hypotheses and understanding have emerged. In this presentation, I will describe how we have used data curation in my own research group - and also present an overview of curation at the EBI. With new technical developments and the move towards the semantic web, the role of curation in the future needs to develop to take advantage of these new opportunities. This will be discussed.
The Globular Cluster System of NGC 5128: Ages, Metallicities, Kinematics and Structural Parameters
Authors: Woodley K. A. , Gómez M. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe review our recent studies of the globular cluster system of NGC 5128. First, we have obtained low-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopy of 72 globular clusters using Gemini-S/GMOS to obtain the ages, metallicities, and the level of alpha enrichment of the metal-poor and metal-rich globular cluster subpopulations. Second, we have explored the rotational signature and velocity dispersion of the galaxy's halo using over 560 globular clusters with radial velocity measurements. We have also compared the dependence of these properties on galactocentric distance and globular cluster age and metallicity. Using globular clusters as tracer objects, we have analyzed the mass, and mass-to-light ratio of NGC 5128. Last, we have measured the structural parameters, such as half-light radii, of over 570 globular clusters from a superb 1.2-square-degree Magellan/IMACS image. We will present the findings of these studies and discuss the connection to the formation and evolution of NGC 5128.
NGC 5128: The Giant Beneath
Authors: Harris Gretchen L. H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper reviews what has been learned about the old stellar population of NGC 5128, the only large elliptical galaxy close enough that we can currently observe individual stars as faint as the horizontal branch. Although its galaxy type is still a matter of debate, the uncertainties over distance are now largely resolved; comparison of five stellar distance indicators gives d= 3.8±0.1 Mpc. The globular cluster system, which was once perplexingly invisible, is now known to be predominantly old with a substantial metal-rich component. The globular cluster system (GCS) total population and luminosity function are normal and the clusters follow the same fundamental plane relation as those in the Milky Way and M31. Finally, the halo out to at least ∼7reff is dominated by metal-rich stars which are also predominantly old, with age and metallicity tantalizingly similar to the majority of globular clusters.