bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic structure and properties of camphorimine Cu(I) coordination polymers
Authors: Fernandes Tiago A. , Carvalho M. Fernanda N. N. , Galvão Adelino M. , Bandeira Nuno A. G. , Calhorda Maria José , do Rego Ana M. Botelho 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe first Cu(I) coordination polymer with an aromatic‐substituted camphorimine ligand [(CuCl)(μ‐Cl) (Cu(H2NC6H4NC10H14O)]n was obtained from reaction of CuCl with 3‐(4‐aminophenylimino)‐1,7,7‐trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan‐2‐one (H2NC6H4NC10H14O). The electronic and the surface properties (studied by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy) are consistent with two distinct coordination environments for the copper(I) atoms—tetrahedral and linear—for the polymer family [(CuCl)(μ‐Cl){Cu(YNC10H14O)}]n. DFT band calculations reveal that the highest energy bands are more localized on the copper(I) tetrahedral sites than on the copper(I) linear sites. The redox properties of [(CuCl)(μ‐Cl){Cu(YNC10H14O)}]n [Y = NMe2 (2b), NH2, and H2NC6H4NC10H14O (2a)] studied by cyclic voltammetry show that the oxidation potentials of the two copper centers are in fact indistinguishable. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Hydration and nutrition at the end of life: a systematic review of emotional impact, perceptions, and decision‐making among patients, family, and health care staff
Authors: del Río M. I. , Shand B. , Bonati P. , Palma A. , Maldonado A. , Taboada P. , Nervi F. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundDecrease in oral intake, weight loss, and muscular weakness in the last phases of a terminal illness, particularly in the context of the cachexia–anorexia syndrome, can be an important source of anxiety for the triad of patient, family, and health staff.MethodsThe present literature review examines the emotional impact of reduced oral intake as well as perceptions and attitudes toward assisted nutrition and hydration for terminally ill patients1 at the end of life, among patients, family, and health care staff. We have identified the ways in which emotional and cultural factors influence decision‐making about assisted nutrition and hydration.ResultsLack of information and misperceptions of medically assisted nutrition and hydration can play a predominant role in the decision to begin or suspend nutritional or hydration support.ConclusionsOur literature review reveals that these social, emotional, and clinical misperception elements should be considered in the decision‐making processes to help the triad develop functional forms of care at this final stage of life. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Regional differences in the evolution of lung disease in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Li Zhanhai , Sanders Don B. , Rock Michael J. , Kosorok Michael R. , Collins Jannette , Green Christopher G. , Brody Alan S. , Farrell Philip M. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractProgression of lung disease is a major event in children with cystic fibrosis (CF), but regional differences in its evolution are unclear. We hypothesized that regional differences occur beginning in early childhood. We examined this issue by evaluating 132 patients followed in the Wisconsin Neonatal Screening Project between 1985 and 2010. We scored chest X‐rays obtained every 1–2 years with the Wisconsin chest X‐ray system, in which we divided the lungs into quadrants, and gave special attention to ratings for bronchiectasis (BX) and nodular/branching opacities. We compared the upper and lower quadrant scores, and upper right and left quadrant scores, as patients aged using a multivariable generalized estimation equation (GEE) model. We did a confirmatory analysis for a subset of 81 patients with chest computerized tomography (CT) images obtained in 2000 and scored using the Brody scoring system. The chest X‐ray analysis shows that the upper quadrants have higher BX (P < 0.001) and nodular/branching opacities (P < 0.001) scores than the lower quadrants. CT analysis likewise reveals that the upper quadrants have more BX (P = 0.02). Patients positive for mucoid PA showed significantly higher BX scores than patients with non‐mucoid PA (P = 0.001). Chest X‐ray scoring also revealed that the upper right quadrant has more BX (P < 0.001) than the upper left quadrant, and CT analysis was again confirmatory (P < 0.001). We conclude that pediatric patients with CF develop more severe lung disease in the upper lobes than the lower lobes in association with mucoid PA infections and also have more severe lung disease on the right side than on the left side in the upper quadrants. A variety of potential explanations such as aspiration episodes may be clinically relevant and provide insights regarding therapies. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2012; 47:635–640. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Relationship of Lower Limb Muscle Strength and Knee Joint Hyperextension during the Stance Phase of Gait in Hemiparetic Stroke Patients
Authors: Cooper Allison , Alghamdi Ghalib Abdulllah , Alghamdi Mohammed Abdulrahman , Altowaijri Abdulrahman , Richardson Susan 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackground and PurposeDespite the finding that 40% to 60% of stroke patients suffer from knee joint hyperextension during gait, there is a lack of agreement of the possible causes of this problem. The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship between lower limb muscle weakness and knee joint hyperextension in hemiparetic stroke patients.MethodsThis is a cross‐sectional observational comparison study. Twenty patients (mean age 66 years) who had suffered a single hemiparetic stroke and were ambulant with no major lower limb joint pathology participated. Muscle strength of the hip extensors, hip flexors, hip abductors, knee extensors, knee flexors, ankle plantarflexors and ankle dorsiflexors of both limbs was measured using a hand‐held dynamometer. Computerized and visual gait analysis identified subjects with and without knee hyperextension in loading response and midstance. Subjects were categorized as having weakness of a particular muscle group if the difference in strength between the paretic and non‐paretic muscle was greater than 50%. The Pearson's chi‐squared test was used to evaluate the association between weakness and knee hyperextension.ResultsA strong relationship was found between ankle plantarflexor weakness and knee hyperextension during midstance (p = 0.044). No relationship was found between lower limb muscle weakness and knee hyperextension during loading response (p > 0.05). No relationship was found between any other lower limb muscle groups and knee hyperextension in midstance (p > 0.05).ConclusionsWeak ankle plantarflexors, in particular gastrocnemius, may have an important role in the presence of knee hyperextension. The results of this study did not support a role for weak hamstrings or quadriceps in knee hyperextension during gait. Further research is needed to clarify the role of gastrocnemius during the stance phase and to determine if strengthening weak gastrocnemius reduces knee hyperextension. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Phenethyl isothiocyanate suppresses inhibitor of apoptosis family protein expression in prostate cancer cells in culture and in vivo
Authors: Sakao Kozue , Desineni Sudhakar , Hahm Eun‐Ryeong , Singh Shivendra V. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDCruciferous vegetable constituent phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) causes apoptosis in prostate cancer cells through mechanisms not fully understood. The present study was designed to determine the role of inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family proteins in PEITC‐induced apoptosis induction.METHODSEffect of PEITC treatment on protein and mRNA expression of IAP in cells was determined by Western blotting and reverse transcription PCR, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was performed to determine the in vivo effect of PEITC administration on X‐linked IAP (XIAP) and Survivin protein expression. Overexpression of desired protein was achieved by transient transfection. Cell viability was determined by trypan blue dye exclusion assay, whereas apoptosis was quantified by measurement of histone‐associated DNA fragment release into the cytosol. Transwell chamber assay was used to determine cell migration.RESULTSExposure of PC‐3 and LNCaP human prostate cancer cells to PEITC resulted in downregulation of XIAP and Survivin proteins and Survivin mRNA. PEITC administration to transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate mice caused modest but significant downregulation of XIAP and Survivin proteins in the dorsolateral prostate. Proapoptotic response to PEITC was significantly attenuated by ectopic expression of XIAP and Survivin proteins. Survivin overexpression also conferred modest but significant protection against PEITC‐mediated inhibition of PC‐3 cell migration.CONCLUSIONSThe present study demonstrates that cellular responses to PEITC, including apoptosis induction and inhibition of cell migration, in prostate cancer cells are mediated by downregulation of XIAP and/or Survivin, which may serve as valid biomarkers of PEITC response in future clinical investigations. Prostate 72:1104–1116, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Discrepancy in prostate cancer localization between biopsy and prostatectomy specimens in patients with unilateral positive biopsy: Implications for focal therapy
Authors: Sinnott Michael , Falzarano Sara M. , Hernandez Adrian V. , Jones J. Stephen , Klein Eric A. , Zhou Ming , Magi‐Galluzzi Cristina 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDUnilateral ablative strategy success depends on reliable prediction of prostate cancer (PCA) location. We evaluated the discrepancy in PCA localization between unilateral positive biopsy (PBx) and radical prostatectomy (RP).METHODSBetween 2004 and 2008, 431 patients were diagnosed with unilateral PCA by 12‐core PBx; 179 underwent RP and constituted our study cohort. Specimens were reviewed to map tumor outline and determine number of cancer foci, tumor volume, Gleason score (GS), zone of origin, localization, and pathologic stage.RESULTSIn 50 men, biopsy and prostatectomy findings correlated (unilateral tumor); in 129, PCA was detected in the contralateral side of the prostate. In 52 patients, 54 clinically significant tumors were missed by biopsy. When patients with true unilateral and missed contralateral disease at RP were compared with respect to prognostic parameters no significant differences were detected. Sixty‐one of the 88 patients with preoperative low‐risk disease had true unilateral (n = 21) or missed insignificant contralateral (n = 40) PCA; 27 had missed significant contralateral PCA at RP. PSA > 4 ng/ml predicted presence of significant bilateral disease in low‐risk population (P = 0.004). Twenty‐four of 27 patients with significant bilateral cancer had PSA > 4, although 33/61 with unilateral or bilateral insignificant cancer had similar elevated PSA values.CONCLUSIONSTwelve‐core biopsy is inadequate to identify candidates for organ‐sparing therapy. Most men with unilateral positive biopsies have bilateral cancer at prostatectomy. Tumors missed by biopsy were clinically significant in 40% of patients, but no prognostic parameters could predict unilateral disease. Hemi‐ablative treatment might fail to eradicate significant lesions in the contralateral side. Prostate 72:1179–1186, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The influence of underlying layer on morphology of InGaN quantum dots self‐assembled by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy
Authors: Wang Lai , Zhao Wei , Lv Wenbin , Wang Lei , Hao Zhibiao , Luo Yi 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe influences of two different underlying layers of GaN on the growth of InGaN quantum dots self‐assembled by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy are studied. One is a 2 μm high‐temperature grown GaN/sapphire template, and the other includes a 15 nm GaN layer on the template which possesses the same growth temperature with InGaN. The results show the latter can reduce the dot diameter greatly, and hence increase the aspect ratio of quantum dots to about 0.5. This morphology improvement is considered related to the strain area reduction at certain locations when InGaN is deposited on low‐temperature grown GaN. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Highly‐uniform 260 nm‐band AlGaN‐based deep‐ultraviolet light‐emitting diodes developed by 2‐inch×3 MOVPE system
Authors: Mino Takuya , Hirayama Hideki , Takano Takayoshi , Noguchi Norimichi , Tsubaki Kenji 
Published: December 2011

AbstractHigh‐efficiency and high‐power deep‐ultraviolet (DUV) light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) with emission wavelength between 200 and 350 nm have a wide range of potential applications. We have developed highly‐uniform 260 nm‐band AlGaN DUV LEDs fabricated on AlN templates on (0001) sapphire using a 2‐inch×3 reactor by low‐pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy (LP‐MOVPE), for the purpose of realizing commercially‐available low‐cost DUV LEDs. An NH3 pulsed‐flow multilayer (ML) growth method was used for the fabrication of low threading dislocation density (TDD) AlN templates on sapphire substrates. 4 μm‐thick low TDD AlN templates were successfully grown on (0001) sapphire substrates. Abnormal hillocks due to polarity inversion were markedly decreased, when the growth temperature of the first NH3 pulsed‐flow AlN layer directly grown on sapphire was reduced to be 1100 ºC. DUV LEDs on the high quality AlN templates showed good uniformity in the emission wavelength and in the output power, in each 2‐inch wafer and among three wafers which were simultaneously grown. The DUV‐LEDs were flip‐chip bonded and demonstrated output power of 17.1 mW at 500 mA and 40 mW at 1500 mA measured under CW and pulsed operations, respectively. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Robotics as a new surgical minimally invasive approach to treatment of endometriosis: a systematic review
Authors: Carvalho Luiz , Abrão Mauricio Simões , Deshpande Abhishek , Falcone Tommaso 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review evaluates the role of robotics in the surgical treatment of endometriosis.MethodsElectronic database searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge for relevant studies over the past 10 years.ResultsFour published articles were found that used robotic assisted laparoscopy to perform endometriosis surgery. All four studies used the da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA). Three studies were case reports, and one was a cohort study. Robotics appears to be as effective as conventional laparoscopy in the management of endometriosis. There were no reports of any major complications.ConclusionsFew studies have been published and show us that robotic endometriosis surgery is feasible even in severe endometriosis cases without conversion. There is a lack of long‐term outcome papers in the literature. Randomized controlled trials are necessary. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New class‐dependent feature transformation for intrusion detection systems
Authors: Mohammadi Mehdi , Raahemi Bijan , Akbari Ahmad , Nassersharif Babak 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTIntrusion Detection Systems (IDS) mainly focus on the original features extracted from the communications networks without complex pre‐processing. In this paper, we propose new methods for class‐dependent feature transformation to improve the accuracy of the IDS. In the previously known class‐dependent feature transformation methods, the mapping process is accomplished by employing separate mapping matrices for each class of the dataset. In the training phase, samples of each class is mapped using only the corresponding matrix, whereas, in the test phase, each sample is mapped using all transformation matrices. This may lead to inaccuracy in classification. We modify the training and test phases of the class‐dependent methods to extract more information from the dataset in the training phase that the other class‐dependent methods ignore. Unlike the previously known class‐dependent methods, the training and test phases of our proposed methods are very similar. We evaluate the performance of the proposed methods by measuring Mutual Information, and Maximum‐Relevancy Minimum‐Redundancy Information on a benchmark dataset for intrusion detection, namely NSL‐KDD dataset, and on three different types of classifiers: distance‐based, neural network‐based, and decision tree‐based classifiers. The experimental results demonstrate that the classifiers trained on the dataset transformed by our proposed feature transformation methods are more accurate in detecting intruders. In all experiments, the proposed methods perform better than their peers in increasing the classifier accuracy and reducing the false alarm of the detection process. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Physical Aspects of Cell Culture Substrates: Topography, Roughness, and Elasticity
Authors: Ross Aftin M. , Jiang Zhongxiang , Bastmeyer Martin , Lahann Joerg 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe cellular environment impacts a myriad of cellular functions by providing signals that can modulate cell phenotype and function. Physical cues such as topography, roughness, gradients, and elasticity are of particular importance. Thus, synthetic substrates can be potentially useful tools for exploring the influence of the aforementioned physical properties on cellular function. Many micro‐ and nanofabrication processes have been employed to control substrate characteristics in both 2D and 3D environments. This review highlights strategies for modulating the physical properties of surfaces, the influence of these changes on cell responses, and the promise and limitations of these surfaces in in‐vitro settings. While both hard and soft materials are discussed, emphasis is placed on soft substrates. Moreover, methods for creating synthetic substrates for cell studies, substrate properties, and impact of substrate properties on cell behavior are the main focus of this review.
Application of performance‐based design to an eccentrically braced frame structure
Authors: Sabol T. A. , Nishi D. E. 
Published: December 2011

SUMMARYThis paper focuses on the application of performance‐based design to a tall eccentrically braced frame (EBF) structure. The height of the structure exceeds that permitted by theInternational Building Codefor braced frames, and a dual system would typically be required. It was argued that better, more cost‐effective seismic performance could be obtained using an all‐braced frame scheme. Project‐specific performance and analysis criteria were developed limiting overall story drift and link rotation demand. EBF link models used recently completed research to calibrate behavior, particularly that associated with estimating link overstrength in thick‐flanged link beams. Key findings include more realistic column axial load demands than would have been predicted using current AISC 341Seismic Provisionsas well as improved EBF strength distribution throughout the height of the building to delay formation of story mechanisms. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wind turbine SCADA alarm analysis for improving reliability
Authors: Qiu Yingning , Feng Yanhui , Tavner Peter , Richardson Paul , Erdos Gabor , Chen Bindi 
Published: December 2011

ABSTRACTPrevious research for detecting incipient wind turbine failures, using condition monitoring algorithms, concentrated on wind turbine Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) signals, such as power output, wind speed and bearing temperatures, using power‐curve and temperature relationships. However, very little research effort has been made on wind turbine SCADA alarms. When wind turbines are operating in significantly sized wind farms, these alarm triggers are overwhelming for operators or maintainers alike because of large number occurring in a 10 min SCADA period. This paper considers these alarms originating in two large populations of modern onshore wind turbines over a period of 1–2 years. First, an analysis is made on where the alarms originate. Second, a methodology for prioritizing the alarms is adopted from an oil and gas industry standard to show the seriousness of the alarm data volume. Third, two methods of alarm analysis, time‐sequence and probability‐based, are proposed and demonstrated on the data from one of the wind turbine populations, considering pitch and converter systems with known faults. The results of this work show that alarm data require relatively little storage yet provide rich condition monitoring information. Both the time‐sequence and probability‐based analysis methods have the potential to rationalize and reduce alarm data, providing valuable fault detection, diagnosis and prognosis from the conditions under which the alarms are generated. These methods should be developed and integrated into an intelligent alarm handling system for wind farms, aimed at improving wind turbine reliability to reduce downtime, increase availability and leading to a well‐organized maintenance schedule. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Algorithms for hierarchical clustering: an overview
Authors: Murtagh Fionn , Contreras Pedro 
Published: December 2011

AbstractWe survey agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithms and discuss efficient implementations that are available in R and other software environments. We look at hierarchical self‐organizing maps, and mixture models. We review grid‐based clustering, focusing on hierarchical density‐based approaches. Finally, we describe a recently developed very efficient (linear time) hierarchical clustering algorithm, which can also be viewed as a hierarchical grid‐based algorithm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Hierarchies and Trees
Technologies > Structure Discovery and Clustering
Nanobiotechnology for the capture and manipulation of circulating tumor cells
Authors: Hughes Andrew D. , King Michael R. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA necessary step in metastasis is the dissemination of malignant cells into the bloodstream, where cancer cells travel throughout the body as circulating tumor cells (CTC) in search of an opportunity to seed a secondary tumor. CTC represent a valuable diagnostic tool: evidence indicates that the quantity of CTC in the blood has been shown to relate to the severity of the illness, and samples are readily obtained through routine blood draws. As such, there has been a push toward developing technologies to reliably detect CTC using a variety of molecular and immunocytochemical techniques. In addition to their use in diagnostics, CTC detection systems that isolate CTC in such a way that the cells remain viable will allow for the performance of live‐cell assays to facilitate the development of personalized cancer therapies. Moreover, techniques for the direct manipulation of CTC in circulation have been developed, intending to block metastasis in situ. We review a number of current and emerging micro‐ and nanobiotechnology approaches for the detection, capture, and manipulation of rare CTC aimed at advancing cancer treatment. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2012, 4:291–309. doi: 10.1002/wnan.168This article is categorized under:

Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale
Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanomaterials and Implants
Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease