bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epoxy adhesive formulations using latent imidazole metal cation complexes
Authors: Pilawka Ryszard , Maka Honorata 
Published: March 2011

Epoxy adhesive formulations using latent imidazole metal cation complexes
Complexes of 2-methylimidazole with cations from several metal sulfates were prepared and investigated as curing agents for epoxy resins. The reactivity of one-part formulations of these complexes with a bisphenol A type epoxy resin was determined by the differential scanning calorimetry and the pot life observed by viscosity measurements. Tensile lap shear tests at room temperature and at 120°C were used to evaluate the adhesive strength of the formulations directly after preparation as well as after one and three months of storage at room temperature.
The DSC measurements showed much lower reactivity (7 - 32%) and higher reaction temperatures of the complex formulations in comparison to the mixtures with pure 2-methylimidazole. The viscosity of most formulations remained almost unchanged over the observed period of three months. The adhesive strength of the freshly prepared complex formulations is comparable to a formulation with pure 2-methylimidazole and decreases over time, depending on the type of metal cation and the cation-to-imidazole molar ratio. The obtained results indicate that complexes of 2-methylimidazole with cations are suitable as latent curing agents for epoxy resins.
Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl solution by Tinidazole
Authors: Reza Imran , Saleemi A. , Naveed S. 
Published: March 2011

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in HCl solution by Tinidazole
Tinidazole, a pharmaceutical compound has been investigated with reference to the inhibition of mild steel acidic corrosion in 1 molar HCl by means of weight loss and electrochemical measurements. The outcomes attained at 30°C revealed that the Tinidazole had obtained 90% inhibition efficiency at 400 ppm concentration. These results explain that the inhibition process occurs by means of adsorption. The inhibitor molecules adsorb on the surface of the metal, following Langmuir's adsorption isotherm. Potentiodynamic polarization measurements established that Tinidazole is an inhibitor of a mixed type. An appropriate equivalent electric circuit for modeling and the analysis of impedance data to give a better explanation of the process of corrosion inhibition have been proposed.
STUDY OF SUPERCONDUCTING EFFECTS IN TRANSITION METALS BASED BINARY ALLOYS USING PSEUDOPOTENTIAL THEORY
Authors: M. Vora Aditya 
Published: March 2011

STUDY OF SUPERCONDUCTING EFFECTS IN TRANSITION METALS BASED BINARY ALLOYS USING PSEUDOPOTENTIAL THEORYSuperconducting state parameters (SSP) (viz., electron-phonon coupling strength λ, Coulomb pseudopotentialμ*transition temperatureTC, isotope effect exponent α and effective interaction strengthNOV) of transition metals based binary alloys are studied using - for the first time - a potential formalism with a pseudoatom-alloy model. In the study, noticeable influence of various exchange and correlation functions on λ andμ*has been revealed. The SSP results are found to be in a qualitative agreement with the available experimental data.
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF Sb/Se THIN FILM MICRO-SCALE STRUCTURES
Authors: Shiman O. , Gerbreder V. , Sledevsky E. , Bulanov A. 
Published: March 2011

ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF Sb/Se THIN FILM MICRO-SCALE STRUCTURESResearch into the phase change transition (PCT) from amorphous to crystalline state in chalcogenide glass semiconductors is often more associated with large-scale samples. The authors present a micro-scale structural model of the Sb/Se thin films. They have also extended the investigations of photo- and thermo-stimulated inter-diffusion and PCT effects between two adjacent layers. The results show that the optical and electrical characteristics of such a film change simultaneously. It has been found that the electric conductivity of the films increases 3 times during a PCT process.
Morphology of peatland lakes
Authors: Banaś Krzysztof 
Published: March 2011

Morphology of peatland lakes
The morphometric features of 10 small (0.1-2.9 ha) and shallow (4-16 m) peatland lakes, located in basins filled with peat, were examined. The elongation of such lakes and the development coefficient of their shorelines are very low. The mean depth is close to the maximum value (7.0±4.8 and 7.8±3.9 m, respectively), as the lake bottom is normally flat and the basin walls are often vertical. In terms of morphometric features, the peatland lakes were divided into large (1.92±1.12 ha) and small (0.33±0.33 ha). The former are surrounded by a relatively narrow belt of peatlands and characterized by low values of Ohle coefficient and Schindler factor (1.81±2.04 and 0.32±0.13), which makes them very susceptible to the effect of peatlands. The smallest lakes are located in the central part of big peatlands. Their values of Ohle coefficient and Schindler factor are five times higher, whereas their volume is ten times less (13 750 m3 as compared to 125 000 m3; p<0.001). The bottom slope angle is considerable. In peatland lakes, there is little space that could be occupied by vegetation. In deep moraine-dammed lakes plants occur only on vertical walls, whereas in shallow water bodies, plants also thrive on the bottom.
Methane and carbon dioxide emission from some reservoirs in SE Poland
Authors: Gruca-Rokosz Renata , Tomaszek Janusz , Koszelnik Piotr , Czerwieniec Ewa 
Published: March 2011

Methane and carbon dioxide emission from some reservoirs in SE PolandThe results of emission measurements of carbon dioxide and methane from the surfaces of three man-made lakes in southeastern Poland (two little dam reservoirs - in Rzeszów and Wilcza Wola, and the biggest Polish reservoir situated in Solina) are presented in this paper. The experiments were conducted in summer and autumn of 2009. The gas fluxes on the water - atmosphere interface were measured in the littoral area by so called "static chamber" method. Carbon dioxide and methane concentrations in collected gas samples were measured using a Pye Unicam gas chromatograph (model PU-4410/19) equipped with a methanizer to detect low levels of CO2concentrations. The fluxes of determined gases ranged from -24.98 to 162.51 mmol m-2d-1for carbon dioxide and from 0 to 235.60 mmol m-2d-1for methane. The highest values of flux for both CH4and CO2were observed for Rzeszów Reservoir, the lowest ones - for Solina Reservoir. In some studied cases emission of CO2and CH4was as much high as in tropical reservoirs.
The lake deposits in Płock Basin (case studies of Lakes Rakutowskie and Żłoby)
Authors: Harasimiuk Andrzej , Wicik Bogumił , Grabowski Tomasz 
Published: March 2011

The lake deposits in Płock Basin (case studies of Lakes Rakutowskie and Żłoby)Reconstruction of development of Lakes Rakutowskie and Żłoby in the late Pleistocene and Holocene was the aim of this research. Analysis of content of calcium carbonate, organic matter and C14 datings (7 samples) were done for two cores of sediments of 750 cm long. An average rate of accumulation was counted. Sediments of Lake Rakutowskie show homogeneity along the core which indicates similarity of sedimentation conditions. Sediments of Lake Żłoby were diversified and show variety related to cyclic changes. A common feature is a thick layer of fine sand without carbonate deposited during the older dryas, shown in both cores. The difference in sediment features of both lakes (which have similar depths) indicates that the Lake Żłoby is the more dynamic, filtering element, preceding Lake Rakutowskie in system of water catchment.
Fluvial lakes affect on phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the Samica Stęszewska River
Authors: Ławniczak Agnieszka , Zbierska Janina , Machula Sylwia , Choiński Adam 
Published: March 2011

Fluvial lakes affect on phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the Samica Stęszewska River
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of shallow lakes on reactive, total phosphorus and potassium concentrations in the river water and analyse the effect of changes in water retention in lake on nutrient concentrations in river waters. The study was carried out in the Samica Steszewska River. This is lowland river, which flows through two polymictic lakes. The study site is located in the Wielkopolska Lowland, Central-west Poland. Water samples were collected at depths of 0.5 m below the water surface. Reactive, total phosphorus and potassium were analysed monthly by standard methods. The study was carried out from January to December 1999-2002 (period with high water retention), 2005-2008 (period with low water retention), at four control points. Sites were located at the inflow and outflow of the Samica Stęszewska River into and out of Niepruszewskie and Tomickie Lakes. From 1974 to 2002, Lake Niepruszewskie was regulated at its outlet by a weir. In 2002, the water level was reduced. Changes of water retention in Niepruszewskie Lake influenced water discharge of the Samica Stęszewska River. The results indicate that changes in water retention have significantly influenced water quality in the river, particularly total and reactive phosphorus concentrations; however, this influence was not observed in respect to potassium concentrations. Nutrient concentrations in river strongly depend on water quality of the lake ecosystem and their buffering capacity. Additionally, by improving water quality, increased oxygen concentrations, and decreasing dissolved nutrient concentrations, as well as increased amplitude of water level fluctuations in lakes may increase P-fixation rates in outlet streams.
Effect of rushes on evaporation rate in water reservoirs on the example of Powidzkie Lake
Authors: Nowak Bogumił 
Published: March 2011

Effect of rushes on evaporation rate in water reservoirs on the example of Powidzkie Lake
This paper presents research on evaporation from the lake surface within the reed bed zone. The main focus of the research was the process of evaporation of water adhered to reed culms in different weather conditions. The process of transpiration, i.e. evaporation of water from plants due to their physiological processes was ignored. To avoid any ambiguity and to stress the different nature of both processes, the studied phenomenon is referred to as "mechanical evaporation". The analysis was based on measurements taken on Powidzkie Lake. The results showed that "mechanical evaporation" from reed culms above the water level can considerably increase evaporation rate of an aquifer. The values of total evaporation within the reed bed zone were estimated. These were compared to the values of evaporation from the open lake surface. The rate difference was at the level of 10-30%. Furthermore, the study showed that the value of "mechanical evaporation" varied depending on the reed species, wind speed and direction, wave height, and width of lakeshore with vegetation. Seasonal variations of the lake's water surface were of slightly lesser importance.
Seasonal variability in phosphorus concentrations in strongly eutrophic Lake Chełmżyńskie
Authors: Solarczyk Adam 
Published: March 2011

Seasonal variability in phosphorus concentrations in strongly eutrophic Lake ChełmżyńskieThe results of the monthly examinations of Lake Chełmżyńskie carried out during the vegetation periods in the years 2007-2009 made it possible to define seasonal variability in the concentrations of phosphorus compounds. The examinations showed that the bottom deposits constitute a considerable source of phosphates. The release of phosphates from the deposits began as early as in mid May and with the occurrence of anoxic conditions. A particularly high concentration of phosphates in the near-bottom layer was recorded in the southeast pool of the lake (max. 0.658 mg P l-1). The central part of the lake showed a lower concentration of phosphates near the bottom, yet due to the partial thermal stratification of its waters, it was the main place for the transport of the bio-element to the euphotic zone. The intense transport of phosphates occurred mainly during the short periods of strong winds. The analysis of the meteorological data obtained from the Integrated Natural Environment Monitoring - Station Koniczynka prove that winds, whose mean daily velocity values exceeded 8.0 m s-1, brought about particularly intense and deep water mixing. A very significant increase in the concentration of phosphorus compounds in the epilimnion was recorded in the years 2007 and 2008, and it resulted in the violent development of phytoplankton. The results of the examinations conducted in the years 2007-2009 showed that Lake Chełmżyńskie was classified as a strongly eutrophic lake. The ecological condition of the lake was defined as poor according to the Water Framework Directive. Reclamation works including the inactivation of phosphates in the bottom deposits are indispensable in order to improve the ecological and trophic state of the lake.
Process intensification in particle technology: Characteristics of powder coatings produced by nonisothermal flow‐induced phase inversion
Authors: Dissanayake Bandara , Morgan Andy , Akay Galip 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe characteristics of powder coatings manufactured through a novel processing technique based on nonisothermal Nlow‐induced phase inversion granulation enhanced by fluid injection to promote phase inversion and particle formation from melt state is summarized. Experiments were carried out in a purpose‐built granulator, which operates in a parallel disk rotor‐stator arrangement, so that the mechanism of granulation could be studied. The product of this intensive granulation was compared with that of the conventional powder coating manufacturing process. Understanding the mechanism of intensive granulation helped to redesign the equipment that resulted in smaller particles. Pigment dispersion characteristics were improved by intensive granulation. Also, the particle size span can be significantly reduced by dry granulation and gas‐phase granulation, and the flowability can be improved by wet granulation. Chemical analysis of particles by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that the injection of coolant fluid had no effect on the chemical composition. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
A CFD study of gas–solid jet in a CFB riser flow
Authors: Li Tingwen , Guenther Chris 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThree‐dimensional high‐resolution numerical simulations of a gas–solid jet in a high‐density riser flow were conducted. The impact of gas–solid injection on the riser flow hydrodynamics was investigated with respect to voidage, tracer mass fractions, and solids velocity distribution. The behaviors of a gas–solid jet in the riser crossflow were studied through the unsteady numerical simulations. Substantial separation of the jetting gas and solids in the riser crossflow was observed. Mixing of the injected gas and solids with the riser flow was investigated and backmixing of gas and solids was evaluated. In the current numerical study, both the overall hydrodynamics of riser flow and the characteristics of gas–solid jet were reasonably predicted compared with the experimental measurements made at NETL. Published 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Effects of surface shape on the geometry and surface topography of the melt pool in low‐power density laser melting
Authors: Kim Young‐Deuk , Kim Woo‐Seung 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe quantitative correlations between workpiece volume and melt pool geometry, as well as the flow and thermal features of the melt pool are established. Thermocapillary convections in melt pool with a deformable free surface are investigated with respect to surface shape and laser intensity. When the contact angle between the tangent to the top surface and the vertical wall at the hot center is acute, the free surface flattens, compared with that of the initial free surface. Otherwise, the free surface forms a bowl‐like shape with a deep crater and a low peripheral rim when the contact angle at the hot center is obtuse. Increasing the workpiece volume at a fixed laser intensity and a negative radial height gradient cause linear decreases in the geometric size and magnitude of flow and temperature of the melt pool. Conversely, linear increases are observed with a positive radial height gradient. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Fluidization of micronic particles in a conical fluidized bed: Experimental and numerical study of static bed height effect
Authors: Bahramian Alireza , Olazar Martin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe numerical simulations and experimental data of bed hydrodynamics in a conical fluidized bed unit are compared. Experimental studies have been carried out in a bed containing TiO2 particles belonging to A/C boundary of Geldart's classification with a wide particle‐size distribution. Thus, pressure measurements and an optical fiber technique allowed determining the effect of static bed height on the fluidization characteristics of micronic particles. Numerical simulations have then been performed to evaluate the sensitivity of gas‐solids drag models. The Eulerian multiphase model has been used with different drag models and three boundary conditions (BC) consisting of no‐slip, partial‐slip, and free‐slip. The numerical predictions using the Gidaspow drag model and partial‐slip BC agreed reasonably well with the experimental bed pressure drop measurements. The simulation results obtained for bed expansion ratio show that the Gidaspow model with the free‐slip BC best fit with the experimental data. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Effects of water vapor on gas permeation and separation properties of MFI zeolite membranes at high temperatures
Authors: Wang Haibing , Lin Y. S. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractUnderstanding the effects of water vapor on gas permeation and separation properties of MFI zeolite membranes, especially at high temperatures, is important to the applications of these zeolite membranes for chemical reactions and separation involving water vapor. The effects of water vapor on H2 and CO2 permeation and separation properties of ZSM‐5 (Si/Al ∼ 80) zeolite and aluminum‐free silicalite membranes were studied by comparing permeation properties of H2 and CO2 with the feed of equimolar H2/CO2 binary and H2/CO2/H2O ternary mixtures in 300–550°C. For both membranes, the presence of water vapor lowers H2 and CO2 permeance to the same extent, resulting in negligible effect on the H2/CO2 separation factor. The suppression effect of water vapor on H2 and CO2 permeation is larger for the less hydrophobic ZSM‐5 zeolite membrane than for the hydrophobic silicalite membrane, and, for both membranes, is stronger at lower temperatures and higher water vapor partial pressures. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2012
Prediction model for mortality after intracranial hemorrhage in patients with leukemia
Authors: Dayyani Farshid , Mougalian Sarah Schellhorn , Naqvi Kiran , Shan Jianqin , Ravandi Farhad , Cortes Jorge , Weinberg Jeffrey , Jabbour Elias , Faderl Stefan , Wierda William , Thomas Deborah , O'Brien Susan , Pierce Sherry , Kantarjian Hagop , Garcia‐Manero Guillermo 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIntracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with great morbidity and mortality in patients with acute leukemia. We identified 118 patients with ICH from a total of 2,421 patient with leukemia who were treated at our institution between 2005–2009, and assessed the prognostic factors for mortality in the ICH cohort. Median age at time of ICH was 58 years, 49% were male, and 60% had acute myeloid leukemia. The relative incidence of ICH was highest in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in blast crisis (12.1%). Mental status changes were the most common symptom which prompted work‐up for ICH. Median survival for all patients after onset of ICH was 20 days. In multivariate analyses, four clinical characteristics were identified as independent adverse factors for mortality in patients with ICH: albumin <3.5 g/dL, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) >835 U/L, age > 60 years, and relapsed disease status. Based on the number of risk factors, mortality after ICH was: 25% (0 risk factor), 47% (1), 78% (2), and >97% (3 or 4). In conclusion, patients with leukemia who develop ICH do not have universally poor outcomes, and a simple scoring system could serve to advise physicians and families of the prognosis and the potential benefit of aggressive treatment options. Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Current concepts and management of glioblastoma
Authors: Preusser Matthias , de Ribaupierre Sandrine , Wöhrer Adelheid , Erridge Sara C. , Hegi Monika , Weller Michael , Stupp Roger 
Published: March 2011

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Its often rapid clinical course, with many medical and psychosocial challenges, requires a multidisciplinary management. Modern multimodality treatment and care improve patients' life expectancy and quality of life. This review covers major aspects of care of glioblastoma patients with a focus on the management of common symptoms and complications. We aim to provide a guide for clinicians confronted with glioblastoma patients in their everyday practice. Ann Neurol 2011;
Acute ischemic stroke in children versus young adults
Authors: Bigi Sandra , Fischer Urs , Wehrli Edith , Mattle Heinrich P. , Boltshauser Eugen , Bürki Sarah , Jeannet Pierre‐Yves , Fluss Joel , Weber Peter , Nedeltchev Krassen , El‐Koussy Marwan , Steinlin Maja , Arnold Marcel 
Published: March 2011

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to compare children and young adults with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in 2 large registries.Methods:We compared clinical characteristics, stroke etiology, workup, and outcome (modified Rankin scale score [mRS] at 3–6 months) in children (1 month–16 years) and young adults (16.1–45 years) with AIS. Data of children were collected prospectively in the nationwide Swiss NeuroPediatric Stroke Registry, young adults in the Bernese stroke database. Outcome (mRS) and stroke severity (pediatric adaptation of the National Institutes of Health stroke scale [PedNIHSS]) in children were calculated retrospectively.Results:From January 2000 to December 2008, 128 children and 199 young adults suffered from an AIS. Children were more likely to be male than young adults (62%/49%, p = 0.023) and less frequently had hypertension (p= 0.001), hypercholesterolemia (p= 0.003), and a family history of stroke (p= 0.048). Stroke severity was similar in children and young adults (median PedNIHSS/NIHSS 5/6;p= 0.102). Stroke etiology (original TOAST classification) was more likely to be “other determined cause” in children than in young adults (51%/29%;p< .001). Cervicocerebral artery dissections were less frequent in children than in young adults (10%/23%;p= 0.005). Outcome at 3 to 6 months did not differ between children and young adults (p= 0.907); 59% of children and 60% of young adults had a favorable outcome (mRS 0–1). Mortality was similar among children and young adults (4%/6%;p= 0.436). In multivariate analysis, low PedNIHSS/NIHSS was the most important predictor of favorable outcome (p< 0.001).Interpretation:Although stroke etiology and risk factors in children and young adults are different, stroke severity and clinical outcome were similar in both groups. ANN NEUROL 2011;