bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevention of systemic inflammatory response syndrome after emergency on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with high-dose ascorbic acid: a prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dvoryadkin А. А. , Polyakov D. A. , Belyakova E. V. , Protsenko D. N. , Krichevskiy Lev А. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Emergency coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery carries a risk of postperfusion systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The prophylactic use of high doses of ascorbic acid, which possesses an antioxidant and immunomodulatory effect, may be justified, but has not been sufficiently studied in this clinical scenario. OBJECTIVE: To determine the possibilities of preventing the systemic inflammatory response with ascorbic acid (AA) during emergency coronary artery bypass grafting under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively examined 60 patients (32 men and 28 women, aged 63 (59; 70) years who underwent CABG (3 ± 1 bypass), performed for emergency indications under CPB 95 (77; 122) min. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: patients in the main group (n = 30) were given 4 grams of AA intravenously 1 hour before the skin incision, patients in the control group (n = 30) received standard pre-operative prevention of SIRS. RESULTS: The use of AA (n = 30) was accompanied by a decrease in the incidence of SIRS (20 and 47 %; p = 0.048) and a reduction in postoperative hospitalization (9 [8; 10] and 11 [10; 16] days; p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic use of AA is safe and can reduce the frequency of individual manifestations of SIRS and the duration of postoperative hospitalization.
Digitalization of anesthesiology and resuscitation services: multicenter questionnaire study
Authors: Gorban Vera I. , Shchegolev A. V. , Protsenko D. N. , Gritsan A. I. , Grigoryev E. V. , Dunts P. V. , Levit A. L. , Zabolotskikh I. B. 
Published: April 2024

OBJECTIVE: To substantiate recommendations for the implementation of the concept and technologies of digitalization of the anesthesiology and resuscitation (A&R) service in multidisciplinary hospitals to solve the problem of ensuring the safety of patients and medical personnel. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study presents data on the implementation of information technology in the practice of the A&R service based on information received from 235 anesthesiology and resuscitation specialists working in leadership positions in various categories of healthcare institutions. Method of collecting information: experts independently completed the online version of the questionnaire. Sampling principle: intentional. Survey period: April 12, 2023 — August 4, 2023. RESULTS: In 87 % of hospitals the medical information system (MIS) of the A&R service is part of the hospital’s MIS. Only in 23 % of hospitals all workstations of the anesthesiologist-resuscitator are connected to the MIS. Logging into a personal electronic workplace using access rights on any of the hospital’s personal computers was confirmed by 87 % of respondents. Hospitals in which anesthesiology and resuscitation equipment are not integrated into the MIS account for 89 %. In the case of branches with a local A&R information system, equipment in 44 % of similar branches is connected to it. Only in 51 % of hospitals the A&R receives data from the laboratory information system, the integration rates with the radiological information system are even lower and amount to only 34 %. The study revealed a significant problem with the introduction of clinical recommendations, drug reference books, as well as prevention and manipulation protocols, various requirements and, in particular, scales/indices for assessing the condition of patients into the MIS. CONCLUSIONS: For the full functioning of the MIS, organizational solutions are needed that are aimed at implementing the tasks, primary and future. The development and application of modern MIS in anesthesiology and resuscitation will contribute to the further development of the specialty and ensure patient safety and adequate quality of medical care. It is necessary to unify the requirements for MIS developers according to the main components in the functionality.
The role of electrical impedance tomography in predicting the failure of non-invasive ventilation in patients with COVID-19-associated hypoxemic acute respiratory failure: a prospective observational study
Authors: Krasnoshchekova A. P. , Yaroshetskiy Andrey I. , Serkova T. S. , Merzhoeva Z. M. , Trushenko N. V. , Nuralieva G. S. , Tsareva N. A. , Avdeev S. N. 
Published: April 2024

INTRODUCTION: Data on prediction of the failure of non-invasive lung ventilation (NIV) in patients with respiratory failure associated with COVID-19, based on electrical impedance tomography (EIT) patterns are limited. OBJECTIVE: To identify predictors of non-invasive lung ventilation failure in patients with respiratory insufficiency associated with COVID-19, using electrical impedance tomography data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A monocenter prospective cohort observational study was conducted in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19-associated acute respiratory failure, who underwent NIV in the ICU (n = 43). EIT was used to measure the actual ventilation area (SVENT), hyperinflation area (SHYPER), ventilation delay zone (SRVD), and calculate the proportion of ventilated lungs (AVENT), proportion of hyperinflation area (ZHYPER), proportion of RVD area (ZRVD), as well as the duration of hyperinflation during one respiratory cycle (THYPER), and the ratio of hyperinflation time to inhalation time. RESULTS: The study included 43 patients admitted 15 (10–22) days after the onset of COVID-19. Patients with NIV failure (n = 34) had higher ZHYPER values on the first day (19.5 (16.3–30.5) in the NIV success group and 35.2 (25.0–45.0) in the failure group, AUROC 0.80, p = 0.004, Cut-off 39.7, Se 85 %, Sp 89 %) and the last day (20.6 (10.4–28.5) in the success group and 32.7 (26.4–43.3) in the failure group, AUROC 0.92, p = 0.003, Cut-off 32.7, Se 50 %, Sp 100 %), as well as a higher THYPER/TINSP ratio on the last day of NIV (37.5 (31.0–47.9) in the success group and 65.3 (43.7–88.4) in the failure group, AUROC 0.87, p = 0.001, Cut-off 52.7, Se 71 %, Sp 100 %). AVENT, ZRVD, and inhalation time did not show prognostic significance. CONCLUSIONS: EIT can predict the NIV failure in moderate-to-severe ARDS associated with COVID-19, based on the assessment of alveolar overdistention zones. Further research are needed to investigate this theory.
Hydraulic modeling of the Periyar River using HEC-RAS: unraveling flow dynamics
Authors: P. C. Aneesh , Thomas Roy M. 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

The Periyar River, a vital component of Kerala's ecosystem in India, serves as a lifeline supporting agriculture, hydropower generation, and ecological equilibrium. This study adopts a multifaceted approach to address critical challenges in the Periyar basin, with a primary focus on flood mitigation due to the region's susceptibility to devastating floods. Covering a length of 67.85 km, the study intricately segments the Periyar River into distinct reaches for a comprehensive steady flow analysis, considering factors such as seasonal monsoon fluctuations, diverse catchment topography, and human-induced alterations. Utilizing advanced modeling techniques, particularly HEC-RAS software, the study effectively predicts and simulates shifts in hydraulic behavior. The results, including velocity plots and cross-sectional maps, offer accurate insights into critical parameters, enabling the identification of areas with high velocity occurrence. This information proves instrumental in making informed decisions for the construction of river restoration structures, crucial for mitigating the impact of floods. The study's findings contribute valuable tools for future forecasting and sustainable management of the Periyar River, addressing the complex interplay of natural and anthropogenic factors.
Biomedical and Biotechnological Potential of Animal Venoms: Bothrops Snake Venoms and their Antimicrobial Applications
Authors: Reimann Raissa , Barreto Breno , Romano Filippo , Medeiros Jade , Camargo Bruna C. , N. da Silva Josiel , Soares Ana Luiza B. , F. de Souza Mateus , Macedo Jamile M. , Kayano Anderson M. , Zuliani Juliana P. , N. de Oliveira Ana , L. da Silva Saulo , Diniz-Sousa Rafaela , Soares Andreimar M. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
The pursuit of novel treatment alternatives to address the accumulated resistance
to antimicrobials over the years has prompted the scientific community to explore
biodiversity, particularly animal venom, as a potential source of new antimicrobial
drugs. Snake venoms, with their complex mixtures of components, are particularly
promising targets for investigation in this regard. The search for novel molecules exhibiting
antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant strains is of paramount importance
for public health and numerous research groups worldwide. High expectations within
the healthcare field are supported by the scientific literature, which highlights the potential
development of innovative drugs through in vivo and in vitro application, depending
on dose titration. Snake venoms and their molecules and peptides offer exponential possibilities
for biotechnological applications as antimicrobial agents. However, many uncertainties
and unexplored avenues remain, presenting opportunities for discoveries and
research.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Novel Cinnamide
Derivatives as Neuroprotective Agents for the Treatment of Cerebral
Ischemia
Authors: Zhong Yan , Xu Yi , Tan Xin-Zhu , Wang Yu-Ying , Ma Shuang-Yan , Gao Meng-Jie , Wu Bin 
Published: April 2024

Background::
Ischemic stroke, the most common type of cerebrovascular accident,
is a major cause of severe disability among adults worldwide. Although there has
been progress in interventions for ischemic stroke in the past decades, there is no effective
treatment to prevent brain damage in acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, it is urgent
to develop novel neuroprotective agents with a wide therapeutic time window to provide
a better prognosis for ischemic stroke patients.

Objective::
The current study aimed to synthesize novel derivatives with substituent cinnamide
scaffolds, evaluate biological activity, and obtain neuroprotective agents.

Methods::
The target compounds were synthesized using classical methods of medicinal
chemistry. The neuroprotective effects in vitro against Glu-induced neurotoxicity injury
were evaluated in PC12 cells by MTT assay. The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow
cytometer. The proteins were detected by western blotting. The neuroprotective activities
in vivo were determined in two in vivo models of global and focal cerebral ischemia.

Results::
Among the title compounds, 9t, 9u, 9y, and 9z exhibited good neuroprotection
in vivo and in vitro, which were selected and further studied to determine their mechanism
of action. 9t, 9u, 9y and 9z protected PC12 cells against glutamate-induced apoptosis
in a dose-dependent manner via caspase-3 pathway. Moreover, the four compounds
significantly reduced brain infarct area and exhibited excellent neuroprotective activities
in the in vivo MCAO model.

Conclusion::
Compounds 9t, 9u, 9y, and 9z, as potent neuroprotective agents with anti-
neurotoxicity activity in vitro and anticerebral infarction efficacy in vivo, might serve
as a useful molecular tool for further physiology and pathophysiology function studies,
leading to potential clinical therapeutic agents for ischemic injury.
Technology for the Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Saudi Arabia and MENA Region: A Systematic Review
Authors: Al Hayek Ayman , Al Dawish Mohamed A. 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Diabetes technology in the form of digital health or medical devices
holds a promise for improving the quality of life and glycemic outcomes. A comprehensive insight
into diabetes technology and its impact in Saudi Arabia and the MENA region may improve
type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management.

Objective:
his study aimed to assess the impact of different DM-specific technologies: insulin
pump therapy, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and automated insulin delivery system
in terms of glycemic control and QoL among T1DM patients in Saudi Arabia and the MENA
region.

Method:
A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed and Scopus from 2005 until
August 2023. The search was based on the PICO strategy, focusing on T1DM patients, diabetes
technology, and QoL. The inclusion criteria were studies illustrating the effect of diabetes technologies
on glycemic control or quality of life or both among T1DM patients. Systematic reviews,
books, letters, or studies, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, were excluded.

Results:
From 101 articles, eighteen studies were duplicated, and thirty-three studies were excluded
after reading the title and abstract. Of the 50 articles analyzed, twenty-five articles did
not meet the inclusion criteria. Therefore, 25 articles involving a total of 3088 participants were
enrolled in the study. It was shown that a continuous glucose monitoring system and continuous
subcutaneous insulin infusion improved the glycemic control and the QoL of T1DM patients.

Conclusion:
There was a positive impact of insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring
(CGM) systems, and telemedicine in achieving optimal glucose control and better QoL. Further
studies are recommended to clarify the significant role of advanced diabetes technologies.
Atrial Thrombus or Atrial Myxoma? Preliminary Analysis of
Echocardiographic Findings of a Case Series
Authors: Hu Guobing , Song Fang 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Echocardiography has been proven to be a useful tool for detecting atrial-
occupying lesions, ranging from primary or secondary tumors to thrombi. Although the precise
diagnosis is important as clinical treatment modalities differ, sometimes differentiating a
thrombus from a myxoma is very difficult.

Case Report:
From January 2019 to December 2022, we retrospectively analyzed the echocardiographic
findings of 8 patients who were found to have an interatrial mass. Of the 8 patients,
4 had a right atrial mass, and 4 had a left atrial mass. Based on ultrasonic examination, the initial
diagnosis was a thrombus and the second diagnosis was a myxoma for all 8 patients. All
masses were finally confirmed to be thrombi. Although an echocardiogram can provide significant
information on the nature of atrial masses in many patients, qualitative diagnosis of a small
percentage of atrial masses remains difficult.

Conclusion:
An atrial thrombus is occasionally difficult to differentiate from an atrial myxoma
in patients without atrial fibrillation, especially when it is not attached to the left atrial appendage.
Upon review of the echocardiographic findings of the 8 patients described in our study, it is
essential to highlight the fact that a thrombus can mimic a myxoma and thereby create a diagnostic
conundrum.
Phytochemicals, Herbal Extracts, and Dietary Supplements for Metabolic
Disease Management
Authors: Halagali Praveen , Inamdar Aparna , Singh Jagroop , Anand Amit , Sadhu Poulami , Pathak Rashmi , Sharma Himanshu , Biswas Deepak 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Comprehensive and effective care techniques have become essential due to the global
epidemic dimensions of metabolic disorders, including diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular
ailments. Recent research highlights the potential of dietary supplements, herbal extracts, and
phytochemicals in treating metabolic diseases. This abstract conveys the current state of the science
in this field by highlighting these findings' underlying mechanisms and potential therapeutic
applications. Plant-based diets contain naturally occurring bioactive molecules termed phytochemicals,
which have shown promise in treating various metabolic illnesses. Examples include
curcumin, flavonoids, and polyphenols' insulin-sensitizing, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory
properties. Herbal extracts, derived from ancient medicinal herbs, have been used
by people for years to treat a wide range of ailments. Recent studies have shown the efficacy of
these strategies in improving lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, and overall cardiovascular
health. Omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals are just a few of the numerous nutritional
supplements that are critical to metabolic health. These vitamins improve insulin sensitivity,
regulate blood sugar, and decrease inflammation. Probiotics and prebiotics also affect the gut
flora, which significantly affects metabolic function. These natural medicines' ability to treat
metabolic diseases either by themselves or in combination with conventional medical interventions.
However, when using it therapeutically, one must consider the differences in doses, individual
responses, and bioavailability. The article concludes that phytochemicals, plant extracts,
and food supplements offer a promising avenue for the management of metabolic illnesses.
Comprehensive research, including clinical studies, is needed to ascertain their safety and efficacy
characteristics. When added to treatment strategies, these natural therapies could be helpful
supplements that improve overall health and the quality of life among individuals with metabolic
diseases. Naringenin, a citrus flavonoid, can potentially prevent kidney injury in hyperuricemia
by reducing uric acid, inflammation, apoptosis, DNA damage, and activating antioxidants.
Further research and professional consultation are essential. Factors contributing to metabolic
diseases, current approaches to management nutritional approaches for managing obesityassociated
metabolic impairments in the liver and small intestine, and nutritional approaches for
managing obesity-associated metabolic dysregulation are also explained briefly.
Influence of Interferon Gamma Gene rs2430561 Variant on Complicated
Course of Pneumonia in Patients with COVID-19
Authors: Fishchuk Liliia , Rossokha Zoia , Pokhylko Valeriy , Cherniavska Yuliia , Dubitska Olha , Vershyhora Viktoriia , Kovtun Serhii , Podolska Svitlana , Gorovenko Nataliia 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Pneumonia is one of the most common complications of the
course of COVID-19. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is an essential cytokine for lung defense
against intracellular and extracellular pathogens. Since the rs2430561 variant of the IFNG
gene, which encodes IFN-γ, affects the production of IFN-γ, it can potentially be associated
with a severe course of COVID-19.

Objective:
The aim of our research was to determine the impact of the rs2430561 variant
of the IFNG gene on the propensity of patients to develop and experience a severe course
of COVID-19-related pneumonia.

Methods:
The study included 117 patients with a complicated course of COVID-19-
associated pneumonia, who were hospitalized in the intensive care unit. All patients received
a standard clinical and laboratory evaluation and course of treatment for COVID-
19. IFNG gene variants were determined by PCR method. For comparisons, we used clinical
and laboratory indicators from the inpatients’ medical records, which reflected the
course of the patient's disease, taking into account the rs2430561 variants of the IFNG
gene.

Results:
In the group of patients, the following genotype frequencies were found: TT –
18.8%, TA – 52.1%, and AA – 29.1%. The results showed that AA genotype carriers had
essentially higher SpO2/FiO2 ratio (p=0.043). High base excess rates were present in patients
with the TT genotype (p=0.047). It was found that patients with the T allele
(whether homozygous or heterozygous state) had significantly higher concentrations of
such electrolytes as potassium and sodium (p=0.016 and p=0.004, respectively).

Сonclusion:
In patients with COVID-19, the rs2430561 variant of the IFNG gene is
linked to a complicated course of pneumonia. Certainly, this finding requires further research.
New Schiff Base Derived Organotin (IV) Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, In vitro and In silico Biological Studies
Authors: Kumar Manoj , Siwach Priyanka , Sharma Harish Kumar , Tuli Hardeep Singh , Varol Mehmet , Rani Anita , Aggarwal Pallvi 
Published: April 2024

Aims:
The creation and testing of new Schiff base-based antibacterial organotin (IV) complexes were the objectives of this investigation.

Background:
Due to developed resistance, antibiotics that were once often used to treat microor-ganisms are no longer effective against them. It is thought that organotin compounds synthesized from Schiff bases have significant pharmacological effectiveness and work well as antibacterial agents.

Methods:
Thiocarbohydrazide and dehydroacetic acid were condensed to create the Schiff base, followed by processing with dialkyltin(IV)dichloride to synthesize the final product. Modern an-alytical techniques were used to clarify the compounds' probable structural details. The crystalline nature of the produced compounds was tested using PXRD.

Results:
All of the compounds were thermally stable up to 300°C. All of the synthesized com-plexes showed potent antibacterial activity in the range of 250 to 400 μg/ml. Furthermore, the computational biology research showed that, in contrast to ligands, which had a binding energy of -7.3 to -7.4 kcal/mol, complexes interacted well with dihydropteroate synthase and DNA gy-rase.

Conclusion:
The current study offered a unique technique for synthesizing diorganotin(IV) de-rivatives of N-substituted Schiff bases that are physiologically active. The results show that the chemicals created are promising antibacterial mediators against diseases that affect humans in the modern world. It might also open the door to future studies on drug-resistant microorganisms that could have biological uses.
Titania NPs: A Review of Their Versatile Roles in Medicine and Synthesis Methods
Authors: Sanattalab Ehsan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
In this study, we investigate the various applications of titania in the medical field. Titania,
renowned for its biocompatibility and distinctive properties, plays a significant role in pharmaceutical
formulations. It is vital in coating tablets and capsules, improving drug stability and appearance.
Additionally, titania nanoparticles (NPs) facilitate targeted drug delivery systems, enhancing
therapeutic outcomes. Furthermore, we explore the promising prospects of titania-based
photocatalysts in photodynamic therapy, highlighting their potential to transform cancer treatment
and combat microbial infections. This comprehensive examination underscores the diverse and
promising opportunities in which titania significantly advances medicine.