bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful outcome of hepatectomy as treatment for liver lobe torsion in four domestic rabbits
Authors: Stanke Natasha J. , Graham Jennifer E. , Orcutt Connie J. , Reese Catherine J. , Bretz Brian K. , Ewing Patty J. , Basseches Jessica 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Case Description—4 rabbits (1.5 to 6 years old) were evaluated at the Angell Animal Medical Center from June 2007 to March 2009 because of nonspecific clinical signs including anorexia, lethargy, and decreased fecal output.
Clinical Findings—Physical examination revealed signs of pain in the cranial portion of the abdomen, gas distention of the gastrointestinal tract, and diminished borborygmi. Serum biochemical analyses and CBCs revealed moderately to markedly high alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities and mild to moderate anemia with polychromasia. Abdominal radiographic findings were nonspecific. Three of the 4 rabbits underwent abdominal ultrasonography; abnormalities in shape, size, echogenicity, and blood flow of the liver, indicative of liver lobe torsion, were detected.
Treatment and Outcome—All 4 rabbits underwent surgery, during which liver lobe torsion was confirmed and the affected liver lobe was resected. Histologic examination of sections of the excised lobe obtained from 3 of the 4 rabbits revealed severe, diffuse, acute to sub-acute hepatic ischemic necrosis. All rabbits recovered from surgery; owners reported that the rabbits were doing well 22 to 43 months after surgery.
Clinical Relevance—Liver lobe torsions in any species are rarely reported, yet 4 cases of liver lobe torsion in domestic rabbits were treated at 1 referral center in a 2-year period. In rabbits, clinical signs of this condition are nonspecific and results of additional tests, including abdominal ultrasonography and serum biochemical analysis, are necessary for diagnosis. Prompt diagnosis and hepatectomy of the affected lobe are recommended and appear to be associated with an excellent prognosis.
Efficacy of oral administration of a modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine in calves
Authors: Habing Greg G. , Neuder Louis M. , Raphael William , Piper-Youngs Hilary , Kaneene John B. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine the efficacy a modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine administered PO in an extralabel manner in the prevention of diseases associated with Salmonella Dublin infection.
Design—Randomized clinical trial.
Animals—288 preweaned Holstein dairy calves on a commercial dairy farm.
Procedures—Calves were orally administered either 2 mL of a commercially available, modified-live Salmonella Dublin vaccine (n = 140) or a placebo (148) at 3 and 10 days of age. Signs of diarrhea and depression were recorded daily. Weight gain between 3 days of age and time of weaning was measured. Fecal samples from clinically depressed or diarrheic calves and fresh tissues samples from calves that died were submitted for bacterial culture of Salmonella organisms.
Results—Salmonella organisms were isolated from samples of 1.4% (2/140) and 3.4% (5/148) of calves receiving the vaccine and placebo, respectively. Additionally, 57.1% (80/140) and 60.1 % (89/148) of the vaccinated and control calves, respectively, had at least 1 day with an abnormal fecal score. Calves receiving the vaccine and placebo were not significantly different in terms of overall morbidity rate, Salmonella-specific morbidity rate, or average daily gain. Adverse reactions related to administration of the vaccine were not seen. The attenuated vaccine strain was not isolated from any fecal or tissue samples.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—This method of vaccination was safe in young Holstein calves, although it was not effective in reducing the incidence of disease or improving weight gain on this farm. However, the power of this study was limited by a low incidence of clinical salmonellosis.
Fluid Flow Stress Affects Peritoneal Cell Kinetics: Possible Pathogenesis of Peritoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Aoki Shigehisa , Makino Junichi , Nagashima Akinori , Takezawa Toshiaki , Nomoto Namie , Uchihashi Kazuyoshi , Matsunobu Aki , Sanai Toru , Sugihara Hajime , Toda Shuji 
Published: May 2011

Background Peritoneal fibrosis is an essential precursor condition to the development of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS). This serious complication leads to a high mortality rate in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Although several factors, including highly concentrated glucose in the dialysis solution, are believed to be potent agents for peritoneal fibrosis, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. During PD, the dialysis solution continuously generates fluid flow stress to the peritoneum under peristalsis and body motion. Fluid flow stress has been implicated as playing a critical role in the physiologic responses of many cell types. We therefore hypothesized that fluid flow stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of peritoneal fibrosis leading to EPS. Methods To generate fluid flow stress, culture containers were placed on a rotatory shaker in a thermostatic chamber. In this system, the shaker rotated at a speed of 25 rpm with a radius of 1.5 cm. Mesothelial cells were cultured in low-glucose (1000 mg/L) or high-glucose (4500 mg/L) complete medium with and without flow stress. Results Fluid flow stress promoted hyperplasia and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of mesothelial cells independent of glucose concentration. Fluid flow stress inhibited expression of ERK (extracellular signal–regulated kinase) and p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) in mesothelial cells. Administration of ERK and p38 MAPK inhibitors replicated the stress-induced morphology of mesothelial cells. Conclusions The present data indicate that fluid flow stress promotes hyperplasia and EMT of mesothelial cells via the MAPK axis, suggesting that fluid flow stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of peritoneal fibrosis.
Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Thyroid Disease in a Peritoneal Dialysis Population
Authors: Ng Yee Yung , Wu Shiao Chi , Lin Hong Da , Hu Fen Hsiang , Hou Chun Cheng , Chou Yea Yun , Chiu Shih Min , Sun Ya Hui , Cho Sandy Shan-Ying , Yang Wu Chang 
Published: May 2011

Aims We investigated dialysis duration, dose of erythropoietin (EPO), and clinical manifestations in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. Methods This cross-sectional study, performed in 3 centers, assessed 122 adult patients on PD for more than 6 months with regard to demographic data, dialysis duration, thyroid function, biochemical data, EPO dose, and clinical manifestations. Thyroid dysfunction was determined by serum thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, total thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, antithyroid peroxidase antibodies, and auto-antibodies against thyroglobulin. Results Of the 122 study patients, 98 (80.3%) were assessed as having euthyroidism; 19 (15.6%), subclinical hypothyroidism; and 5 (4.1%), subclinical hyperthyroidism. The proportion of women (74.2% vs. 57.1%, p = 0.038), the mean duration of PD (58.1 months vs. 37.9 months, p = 0.032), and the weighted mean monthly EPO dose (1.22 μg/kg vs. 1.64 μg/kg, p = 0.009) were significantly higher in the subclinical hypothyroidism group than in the euthyroidism group, but the prevalences of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease were not. From the multivariate model, PD duration was more significant than sex as a risk factor for subclinical hypothyroidism ( p = 0.0132). Conclusions Subclinical hypothyroidism is frequent in PD patients, especially female patients and patients with a longer PD duration. Compared with euthyroid patients, patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism need a higher dose of EPO to maintain a stable hemoglobin level.
Mannose-binding Lectin Expression Genotype in Pediatric-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Associations with Susceptibility to Renal Disease and Protection Against Infections
Authors: TSAI YI-CHAN , YEH KOU-WEI , YAO TSUNG-CHIEH , HUANG YU-LIN , KUO MING-LING , HUANG JING-LONG 
Published: May 2011

Objective.To study possible associations between extended mannose-binding lectin (MBL) expression genotypes and clinical manifestations and infections in children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods.Clinical and laboratory variables for a cohort of 125 patients with pediatric-onset SLE were obtained by clinical examinations and chart reviews. Controls were 137 age-matched and sex-matched healthy children and adolescents. MBL gene polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction. Serum MBL concentrations were measured by ELISA.Results.The frequencies of extended MBL expression genotypes did not differ between patients and controls. There were 82 patients with SLE who had high MBL expression genotypes and 43 who had medium and low MBL expression genotypes. Patients with the high MBL expression genotype had renal disorders more frequently than patients in the group with medium and low MBL expression genotypes [54/82 (65.9%) vs 18/43 (41.9%), respectively; p = 0.013] and fewer serious bacterial infections [22/82 (26.8%) vs 20/43 (46.5%); p = 0.030]. Using logistic regression for patients with SLE, a high MBL expression genotype was independently associated with renal disorders (OR 2.49, 95% CI 1.15–5.39, p = 0.021) and had a protective effect against serious bacterial infections (OR 0.29, 95% CI 0.12–0.71, p = 0.007). MBL levels decreased significantly when patients with active SLE reached an inactive stage (1.56 ± 0.55 μg/ml vs 1.08 ± 0.65 μg/ml; p = 0.001), but these levels were still higher than those in controls.Conclusion.Our findings suggest that a high MBL expression genotype is a risk factor for renal disorder, while it has a protective effect against infections. Serum MBL levels reflect SLE activity.
Continuous ST-Segment Monitoring: Nurses’ Attitudes, Practices, and Quality of Patient Care
Authors: Sangkachand Prasama , Sarosario Brenda , Funk Marjorie 
Published: May 2011

Background
Continuous ischemia monitoring helps identify patients with acute, but often silent, myocardial ischemia. Evidence suggests nurses do not activate ischemia monitoring because they think it is difficult to use. ST-Map software incorporates graphic displays to make monitoring of ongoing ischemia easier.

Objectives
To determine if nurses’ use of and attitude toward ischemia monitoring and the quality of patient care improve with use of ST-Map.

Methods
The study included 61 nurses and 202 patients with acute coronary syndrome in a cardiac intensive care unit. Baseline data on nurses’ use of and attitude toward ischemia monitoring and quality of care were obtained. Education was then provided and ST-Map software was installed on all monitors. Follow-up data were obtained 4 months later.

Results
The percentage of nurses who had ever used ischemia monitoring was 13% before ST Map and 90% afterward (P &lt; .001). The most common reason for not using ischemia monitoring before ST Map was inadequate knowledge (62%). The most common reason for liking ischemia monitoring after ST Map was knowing when a patient has ischemia (80%). Time to acquisition of a 12-lead electrocardiogram in response to symptoms or ST-segment changes was 5 to 15 minutes before ST Map and always less than 5 minutes afterward (P &lt; .001). Time to return to the catheterization laboratory did not differ before and after ST Map.

Conclusions
ST Map was associated with more frequent use of ischemia monitoring, improved attitudes of nurses toward ischemia monitoring, and shorter time to obtaining 12-lead electrocardiograms.
Electrical Stimulation of Acupuncture Points and Blood Pressure Responses to Postural Changes: A Pilot Study
Authors: Jones Alice Y. M. , Kwan Y. L. , Leung Nathan T. F. , Yu Rachel P. W. , Wu Cindy M. Y. , Warburton Darren E. R. 
Published: May 2011

Background
Application of transcutaneous electrical stimulation over acupuncture points (Acu-TENS) facilitates heart rate recovery after exercise and restores hemodynamic stability after open heart surgery. The role of Acu-TENS on cardiovascular parameters in response to postural changes has not been reported.

Objective
To investigate (1) the effect of Acu-TENS on blood pressure responses to −10º head-down postural change and (2) whether such effects were associated with modulation by the autonomic nervous system.

Method
Sixteen healthy volunteers, mean age 22.8 (SD, 3.1) years, were subjected to a −10º head-down tilt from the supine position on 3 separate occasions and received in random order the following 3 intervention protocols for 40 minutes before the postural change: Acu-TENS (over bilateral acupuncture points, PC6), sham-TENS (TENS applied to the skin over the patellae), and control (no electrical output from the TENS device applied at PC6). Mean arterial pressure, large artery elasticity index, cardiac output, and heart rate were recorded and compared at different stimulation protocols in the supine and −10º head-down tilt positions. Spectral analysis of heart rate variability was used to determine any modulation by the autonomic nervous system.

Results
Change in large artery elasticity index was observed only in the Acu-TENS group (P &lt; .05) and mean arterial pressure appeared most stable during Acu-TENS. Autonomic nervous system modulation was not apparent with spectral analysis, irrespective of intervention. Sympathetic activity predominated in all positions.

Conclusion
Acu-TENS seems to reduce blood pressure changes with −10º head-down tilt with concomitant changes in arterial vessel tone.
Cardiac Index Based on Measurements Obtained in a Bedside Chair and in Bed
Authors: Rader Cheryl , Nelson Melissa , Sobek Cindy , Smith Michelle , Garcia Rose , Wright Susan , Moutray Kelly , Shrum Sarah , Richards Nancy M. 
Published: May 2011

BackgroundAccurate measurements for determining cardiac index can be obtained while patients are supine in bed at various backrest elevations. It is not clear if these measurements are accurate when patients are in a bedside chair.ObjectiveTo determine if cardiac index based on measurements obtained with the patient in a chair is similar to cardiac index based on measurements obtained with the patient in bed.MethodsA convenience sample of cardiac surgical patients and a method-comparison design were used to compare cardiac index values based on measurements obtained with patients in 2 different positions: in a chair and in the bed. A standard thermodilution technique was used to measure cardiac output. Measurement of cardiac output in the second position was obtained immediately after measurement in the first position. Positions were randomly assigned. Bias and precision were calculated and graphed with the Bland-Altman method. Differences in cardiac index of 0.50 or more were considered clinically significant. Analysis of variance was used to determine differences between cardiac index values for the 2 positions.ResultsA total of 27 postoperative cardiac surgical patients were studied. Cardiac index values based on measurements obtained with patients in the 2 different positions did not differ significantly (F1,50 = 0.446; P = .51). The mean difference score (bias) between the 2 positions was −0.07 (precision, 0.30)ConclusionsThe practice of putting cardiac surgical patients whose hemodynamic status is stable back to bed before obtaining measurements for calculation of cardiac index may not be required for accurate values.
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Cdkn2c Regulates B Cell Homeostasis and Function in the NZM2410-Derived Murine Lupus Susceptibility Locus Sle2c1
Authors: Xu Zhiwei , Potula Hari-Hara S. K. , Vallurupalli Anusha , Perry Daniel , Baker Henry , Croker Byron P. , Dozmorov Igor , Morel Laurence 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Sle2c1 is an NZM2410- and NZB-derived lupus susceptibility locus that induces an expansion of the B1a cell compartment. B1a cells have a repertoire enriched for autoreactivity, and an expansion of this B cell subset occurs in several mouse models of lupus. A combination of genetic mapping and candidate gene analysis presents Cdkn2c, a gene encoding for cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p18INK4c (p18), as the top candidate gene for inducing the Slec2c1-associated expansion of B1a cells. A novel single nucleotide polymorphism in the NZB allele of the Cdkn2c promoter is associated with a significantly reduced Cdkn2c expression in the splenic B cells and peritoneal cavity B1a cells from Sle2c1-carrying mice, which leads to a defective G1 cell cycle arrest in splenic B cells and increased proliferation of peritoneal cavity B1a cells. As the cell cycle is differentially regulated in B1a and B2 cells, these results suggest that Cdkn2c plays a critical role in B1a cell self-renewal and that its impaired expression leads to an accumulation of these cells with high autoreactive potential.
The CD3 ζ Subunit Contains a Phosphoinositide-Binding Motif That Is Required for the Stable Accumulation of TCR–CD3 Complex at the Immunological Synapse
Authors: DeFord-Watts Laura M. , Dougall David S. , Belkaya Serkan , Johnson Blake A. , Eitson Jennifer L. , Roybal Kole T. , Barylko Barbara , Albanesi Joseph P. , Wülfing Christoph , van Oers Nicolai S. C. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
T cell activation involves a cascade of TCR-mediated signals that are regulated by three distinct intracellular signaling motifs located within the cytoplasmic tails of the CD3 chains. Whereas all the CD3 subunits possess at least one ITAM, the CD3 ε subunit also contains a proline-rich sequence and a basic-rich stretch (BRS). The CD3 ε BRS complexes selected phosphoinositides, interactions that are required for normal cell surface expression of the TCR. The cytoplasmic domain of CD3 ζ also contains several clusters of arginine and lysine residues. In this study, we report that these basic amino acids enable CD3 ζ to complex the phosphoinositides PtdIns(3)P, PtdIns(4)P, PtdIns(5)P, PtdIns(3,5)P2, and PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 with high affinity. Early TCR signaling pathways were unaffected by the targeted loss of the phosphoinositide-binding functions of CD3 ζ. Instead, the elimination of the phosphoinositide-binding function of CD3 ζ significantly impaired the ability of this invariant chain to accumulate stably at the immunological synapse during T cell–APC interactions. Without its phosphoinositide-binding functions, CD3 ζ was concentrated in intracellular structures after T cell activation. Such findings demonstrate a novel functional role for CD3 ζ BRS–phosphoinositide interactions in supporting T cell activation.
Chlamydia pneumoniae Inhibits Activated Human T Lymphocyte Proliferation by the Induction of Apoptotic and Pyroptotic Pathways
Authors: Olivares-Zavaleta Norma , Carmody Aaron , Messer Ronald , Whitmire William M. , Caldwell Harlan D. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract
Chlamydia pneumoniae is an omnipresent obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that infects numerous host species. C. pneumoniae infections of humans are a common cause of community acquired pneumonia but have also been linked to chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease, and asthma. Persistent infection and immune avoidance are believed to play important roles in the pathophysiology of C. pneumoniae disease. We found that C. pneumoniae organisms inhibited activated but not nonactivated human T cell proliferation. Inhibition of proliferation was pathogen specific, heat sensitive, and multiplicity of infection dependent and required chlamydial entry but not de novo protein synthesis. Activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were equally sensitive to C. pneumoniae antiproliferative effectors. The C. pneumoniae antiproliferative effect was linked to T cell death associated with caspase 1, 8, 9, and IL-1β production, indicating that both apoptotic and pyroptotic cellular death pathways were activated after pathogen–T cell interactions. Collectively, these findings are consistent with the conclusion that C. pneumoniae could induce a local T cell immunosuppression and inflammatory response revealing a possible host–pathogen scenario that would support both persistence and inflammation.
Non-Existence of Ramanujan Congruences in Modular Forms of Level Four
Authors: Dewar Michael 
Published: May 2011

AbstractRamanujan famously found congruences like p(5n+4) ≡ 0 mod 5 for the partition function. We provide a method to find all simple congruences of this type in the coefficients of the inverse of a modular form on Г1(4) that is non-vanishing on the upper half plane. This is applied to answer open questions about the (non)-existence of congruences in the generating functions for overpartitions, crank differences, and 2-colored F-partitions.
Critical Points and Resonance of Hyperplane Arrangements
Authors: Cohen D. , Denham G. , Falk M. , Varchenko A. 
Published: May 2011

Abstract If is a master function corresponding to a hyperplane arrangement 𝒜 and a collection of weights ⋋, we investigate the relationship between the critical set of , the variety defined by the vanishing of the one-form ⩊⋋ = d log , and the resonance of ⋋. For arrangements satisfying certain conditions, we show that if ⋋ is resonant in dimension p, then the critical set of has codimension at most p. These include all free arrangements and all rank 3 arrangements.
Mobile Mindfulness Intervention for Psychological Distress Among Intensive Care Unit Survivors
Authors: Cox Christopher E. , Gallis John A. , Olsen Maren K. , Porter Laura S. , Gremore Tina , Greeson Jeffrey M. , Morris Cynthia , Moss Marc , Hough Catherine L. 
Published: May 2024

ImportanceAlthough psychological distress is common among survivors of critical illness, there are few tailored therapies.ObjectiveTo determine the optimal method for delivering a mindfulness intervention via a mobile app for critical illness survivors.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial used a 2 × 2 × 2 factorial design and was conducted at 3 sites among survivors of critical illness with elevated postdischarge symptoms of depression. The study was conducted between August 2019 and July 2023.InterventionsParticipants were randomized to 1 of 8 different groups as determined by 3 two-level intervention component combinations: intervention introduction method (mobile app vs therapist call), mindfulness meditation dose (once daily vs twice daily), and management of increasing symptoms (mobile app vs therapist call).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) depression scale score (range, 0-27) at 1 month. Secondary outcomes included anxiety (7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder) and posttraumatic stress disorder (Posttraumatic Stress Scale) symptoms at 1 and 3 months, adherence, and feasibility. General linear models were used to compare main effects and interactions of the components among intervention groups. A formal decisional framework was used to determine an optimized intervention version.ResultsA total of 247 participants (mean [SD] age, 50.2 [15.4] years; 104 [42.1%] women) were randomized. Twice-daily meditation compared with once-daily meditation was associated with a 1.2 (95% CI, 0.04-2.4)–unit lower mean estimated PHQ-9 score at 1 month and a 1.5 (95% CI, 0.1-2.8)–unit lower estimated mean score at 3 months. The other 2 intervention components had no main effects on the PHQ-9. Across-group adherence was high (217 participants [87.9%] using the intervention at trial conclusion) and retention was strong (191 [77.3%] and 182 [73.7%] at 1 and 3 months, respectively).Conclusions and RelevanceA mindfulness intervention for survivors of critical illness that included an app-based introduction, twice-daily guided meditation, and app-based management of increasing depression symptoms was optimal considering effects on psychological distress symptoms, adherence, and feasibility.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04038567