bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV seroconversion among female sex workers: retrospective cohort study from a large-scale HIV prevention and sexual and reproductive health program in Tanzania
Authors: Mbita Gaspar , Mwanamsangu Amasha , Komba Albert N. , Casalini Caterina , Luponya Maneno , Curran Kelly , Christensen Alice , Kim Young-Mi , Reed Jason , Makyao Neema , Kategile Upendo , Conserve Donaldson F. , van Roosmalen Jos , van den Akker Thomas 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionIn 2016, UNAIDS set ambitious targets to reduce global HIV infections by 75% by 2020 and 90% by 2030, based on the 2.1 million new infections reported in 2010. However, by 2022, new HIV infections had only decreased by 38%, from 2.1 million in 2010 to 1.3 million in 2022, raising concerns about reaching the 2030 goal. Female sex workers (FSWs) in sub-Saharan Africa face a disproportionately high risk of HIV acquisition, contributing 5%–20% of all new infections in several countries in the region. This analysis investigates HIV seroconversion and associated factors among FSWs, offering insights into critical interventions for preventing HIV transmission in this population and advancing the goal of ending the HIV pandemic by 2030.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 17,977 FSWs who initially tested HIV negative upon enrollment in the Sauti project between October 2016 and September 2018. HIV incidence rates were calculated by dividing the number of new HIV cases by observed person-time within the cohort. Cox regression analysis identified factors associated with seroconversion.ResultsThe study revealed an HIV incidence rate of 8.6 per 100 person-years among FSWs [95% confidence interval (CI): 8.1–9.1]. Factors independently associated with HIV seroconversion included age 35 years or older [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 2.53; 95% CI: 2.03–3.14], unprotected sex (aHR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.13–1.42), STI symptoms (aHR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.67–2.38), and alcohol consumption before sex (aHR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.07–1.34).ConclusionTargeted interventions are vital in curbing HIV transmission among FSWs, with a focus on expanding access to primary HIV prevention services, particularly for older FSWs who face heightened risk. Tailored sexual health education programs are imperative to encourage consistent condom use and enable informed decision-making. Accessible and timely STI screening and treatment services are crucial to mitigate HIV transmission risk. Collaborative partnerships between healthcare providers, community organizations, and government agencies are essential in implementing these interventions among FSWs.
Analysis of self-perceived use of spectrum of teaching styles in Italian physical education teachers
Authors: Monacis Domenico , Latino Francesca , d’Arando Cristina , Bibba Matteo , Annoscia Sabrina , Pascali Giacomo , Sannicandro Italo , Colella Dario 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionThe present study aims to assess PE teachers' perception about the use of teaching styles during curricular lessons.MethodsThe sample involved a total of 83 PE teachers (M = 41, F = 42, main age = 43,74 ± 10,76) divided according to years of service (0–4 = 36%, 5–10 = 34%, and over 10 = 30%) and academic training (Higher Institutes of Physical Education = 44% and master's degree = 56%). Teachers complete a digitalized version of a self-produced questionnaire to assess how many times they use each teaching styles during the last month.ResultsResults show that (a) reproduction rather than production teaching styles were often used, while reproduction teachings styles were most frequently used regardless of years of service.DiscussionFuture research should investigate PE teacher's behavior to enhance the quality of physical education in school.
The efficacy and safety of intra-articular injection of corticosteroids in multimodal analgesic cocktails in total knee arthroplasty—a historically controlled study
Authors: Wang Yixiong , Li Zhichang , Gao Xuan , Lin Jianhao 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common and effective procedure. Optimizing pain control and reducing postoperative discomfort are essential for patient satisfaction. No studies have examined the safety and efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid injections following TKA. This study aims to examine the safety and efficacy of corticosteroids in intra-articular multimodal analgesic injections.Materials and methodsThis was a historically controlled study conducted at a single academic institution. Before May 2019, patients received an intra-articular cocktail injection without corticosteroids during surgery, referred to as the non-corticosteroid (NC) group. After June 2019, intraoperatively, patients received an intra-articular cocktail injection containing corticosteroids, referred to as the corticosteroid (C) group. Finally, 738 patients were evaluated, 370 in the C cohort and 368 in the NC cohort. The mean follow-up duration was 30.4 months for the C group and 48.4 months for the NC group.ResultsThe mean VAS scores at rest on postoperative day (POD) 1 (2.35) and POD3 (3.88) were significantly lower in the C group than those in the NC group, which were 2.86 (POD1) and 5.26 (POD3) (p &lt; 0.05). Walking pain in the C group (4.42) was also significantly lower than that (5.96) in the NC group on POD3 (p &lt; 0.05). Patients in the C group had a significantly higher mean range of motion (ROM) (92.55) on POD3 than that (86.38) in the NC group. The mean time to straight leg raise for group C (2.77) was significantly shorter than that (3.61) for the NC group (p &lt; 0.05). The C group also had significantly fewer rescue morphine (1.9) and metoclopramide (0.21) uses per patient than the NC group, which were 3.1 and 0.24, respectively. No significant differences in fever or vomiting rates between groups were found. Patients in neither group developed periprosthetic joint infections or skin necrosis. One patient in the C group suffered from wound dehiscence, and the wound healed well after debridement. No patient died or had a re-operation in either group.ConclusionsThis pilot trial found that intra-articular injection of multimodal analgesia (including corticosteroids) reduced initial postoperative pain, increased ROM in the early postoperative days (up to POD3), and did not increase wound complications or infection rates in approximately 30 months of follow-up.
Impacto de las estrategias neurodidácticas en la enseñanza de competencias matemáticas en estudiantes de bachillerato
Authors: Valverde-Soto Jessica Melania , León-Vinueza Ana Gabriela , Jimenez-Zambrano Braulio Antonio , Lara-Andino Aquilino Ramiro 
Published: June 2024

La neurodidáctica ha impactado la educación al ofrecer prácticas educativas más inclusivas, personalizadas y efectivas. Por ello, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el impacto de la aplicación de estrategias neurodidácticas para la enseñanza de las competencias matemáticas en estudiantes de bachillerato. Se trabajó bajo el paradigma cuantitativo con muestreo no probabilístico intencional, con técnica de recolección fue la encuesta. Los resultados evidenciaron que las estrategias neurodidácticas contribuyen a fortalecer la dinámica de enseñanza y aprendizaje donde el 100% presentaron de nivel medio a alto después de la aplicación de la técnica, con 43.33% con nivel alto, a pesar de que la mayoría de los estudiantes experimentaron beneficios al utilizar estas estrategias, existe una minoría (-10 %) que tiene dudas o percepciones negativas. Se concluyó que estas estrategias promueven el pensamiento crítico y la capacidad de retener contenidos y aspectos importantes para una comprensión profunda de los temas educativos.
Karakterisasi Serat Pangan dan Penyerapan Ion Nitrit dari Serbuk Ampas Kelapa
Authors: Natalia Ananda , Koleangan Harry S. J. , Suryanto Edi 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
A research was performed on the characterization of dietary fiber and the absorption activity of nitrite ions by coconut dregs powder. This research aimed to determine the characteristics of coconut dregs dietary fiber and the absorption activity of nitrite ions from coconut dregs powder. This research consisted of several stages, which were preparation through heating at 200 oC for 60 minutes (AK60), 120 minutes (AK120), and 180 minutes (AK180), determining the absorption capacity of nitrite ions, characterization of coconut dregs powder, determining the total phenolic content, determining the dietary fiber, and determination of nitrite ion absorption capacity. The results of the analysis showed that heated coconut dregs had the highest insoluble dietary fiber content, namely 67.77% in samples that were air-dried for 3 days (AK0) and the lowest 54.78% in AK180, the highest soluble dietary fiber was 23.31% in AK0 and the lowest was 1.41% in AK180, and the highest total dietary fiber was 70.08% in AK0 and the lowest was 56.19% in AK180. Measurement of the nitrite ion absorption capacity value shows the ability of coconut dregs to absorb nitrite ions, namely 67.76% (AK180), 48.10% (AK120), 38.69% (AK60), and 31.75% (AK0).
Keywords: Coconut dregs powder, nitrite, dietary fiber, characterization.

ABSTRAK
Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang karakterisasi serat pangan dan aktivitas penyerapan ion nitrit oleh serbuk ampas kelapa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter serat pangan ampas kelapa serta aktivitas penyerapan ion nitrit dari serbuk ampas kelapa. Penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan yaitu preparasi melalui pemanasan 200 oC selama 60 menit (AK60), 120 menit (AK120), dan 180 menit (AK180), penentuan kapasitas penyerapan ion nitrit, karakterisasi serbuk ampas kelapa, penentuan kandungan total fenolik, penentuan kandungan serat pangan, dan penentuan kapasitas penyerapan ion nitrit. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ampas kelapa yang dipanaskan memiliki kandungan serat pangan tak larut tertinggi, yaitu 67,77% pada sampel yang dikeringanginkan selama 3 hari (AK0) dan terendah 54,78% pada AK180, serat pangan larut tertinggi 23,31% pada AK0 dan terendah 1,41% pada AK180, serta total serat pangan tertinggi 70,08% pada AK0 dan terendah 56,19% pada AK180. Pengukuran nilai kapasitas penyerapan ion nitrit menghasilkan nilai-nilai 67,76% (AK180), 48,10% (AK120), 38,69% (AK60), dan 31,75% (AK0).
Kata Kunci: Serbuk ampas kelapa, nitrit, serat pangan, karakterisasi.
Vital Effects of Applied Lighting Science in Road Engineering
Authors: Shtat Prof. Hazar 
Published: June 2024

In the eighties of the last century, at one of the many traffic
nodes that lead to the Paris-Lyon highway, those concerned noticed that
the rate of accidents at night is 600% higher than at other nodes whose
design does not differ much from the aforementioned node.
The matter remained for years without a convincing explanation until, by
chance, some of the lighting poles leading to the aforementioned node
broke down.
Those concerned noticed that the accident rate had decreased
significantly, then returned to its previous rate after the defect was
fixed.
Here, those old studies that were conducted during World War II on the
physiology of lighting color and its environmental effects came back to
mind.
What is noteworthy is that the flood lighting of that traffic node was
increasing by six to seven times the recommended international rate,
which means that the concept of a smooth gradation of lighting intensity
levels was not taken into consideration.
Judicial Censorship of the Law's Constitutionality as a Guarantee the Enforcement of the Constitutional Rule
Authors: Karim Hassan Nema 
Published: June 2024

Abstract The subject of the research is judicial oversight of the constitutionality of laws as a guarantee of the enforcement of the constitutional rule. We divided it into two sections. The first section dealt with the general framework of judicial oversight of the constitutionality of laws, the nature of judicial oversight, and the emergence of the idea of judicial oversight of the constitutionality of laws. In the second section, the methods and forms of organizing judicial oversight and its forms were discussed, and methods for initiating judicial oversight of the constitutionality of laws were explained, explaining the differences in state constitutions in introducing judicial oversight Some of them pursued oversight by means of the original law suit for annulment, and some of them took up the defense of unconstitutionality by means of Abstention oversight. The role of the Federal Supreme Court was noted as one of the applications of judicial oversight in Iraq. The study concluded that establishing the foundations of a legal state based on the rule of law and preserving the rights and freedoms of individuals in it requires establishing guarantees to protect the principle of legality, uphold the constitution, and not deviate from its provisions in form and substance. To achieve this foundation, most countries with democratic systems have followed judicial oversight of the constitutionality of laws to the extent its effectiveness in ensuring respect and supremacy of the Constitution over other legal rules
Plasma Motions and Compressive Wave Energetics in the Solar Corona and Solar Wind from Radio Wave Scattering Observations
Authors: Azzollini Francesco , Emslie A. Gordon , Clarkson Daniel L. , Chrysaphi Nicolina , Kontar Eduard P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Radio signals propagating via the solar corona and solar wind are significantly affected by compressive waves, impacting the properties of solar bursts as well as sources viewed through the turbulent solar atmosphere. While static fluctuations scatter radio waves elastically, moving, turbulent, or oscillating density irregularities act to broaden the frequency of the scattered waves. Using a new anisotropic density fluctuation model from the kinetic scattering theory for solar radio bursts, we deduce the plasma velocities required to explain observations of spacecraft signal frequency broadening. The inferred velocities are consistent with motions that are dominated by the solar wind at distances ≳10 R
⊙, but the levels of frequency broadening for ≲10 R
⊙ require additional radial speeds ∼(100–300) km s−1 and/or transverse speeds ∼(20–70) km s−1. The inferred radial velocities also appear consistent with the sound or proton thermal speeds, while the speeds perpendicular to the radial direction are consistent with nonthermal motions measured via coronal Doppler-line broadening, interpreted as Alfvénic fluctuations. Landau damping of parallel propagating ion-sound (slow MHD) waves allows an estimate of the proton heating rate. The energy deposition rates due to ion-sound wave damping peak at a heliocentric distance of ∼(1–3) R
⊙ are comparable to the rates available from a turbulent cascade of Alfvénic waves at large scales, suggesting a coherent picture of energy transfer, via the cascade or/and parametric decay of Alfvén waves to the small scales where heating takes place.
Optical Variability of Blazars in the Tomo-e Gozen Northern Sky Transient Survey
Authors: Zhang TianFang , Doi Mamoru , Kokubo Mitsuru , Sako Shigeyuki , Ohsawa Ryou , Tominaga Nozomu , Tanaka Masaomi , Fukazawa Yasushi , Takahashi Hidenori , Arima Noriaki , Kobayashi Naoto , Arimatsu Ko , Okumura Shin-ichiro , Kondo Sohei , Kasuga Toshihiro , Mori Yuki , Niino Yuu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We studied the optical variability of 241 BL Lacertae (BL Lacs) and 83 flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs) from the 4LAC catalog using data from the Tomo-e Gozen Northern Sky Transient Survey, with ∼50 epochs per blazar on average. We excluded blazars whose optical variability may be underestimated due to the influence of their host galaxy based on their optical luminosity (L

O
). FSRQs with γ-ray photon index greater than 2.6 exhibit very low optical variability, and their distribution of standard deviation of repeated photometry is significantly different from that of the other FSRQs (Kolmogorov–Smirnov test p-value equal to 5 × 10−6). Among a sample of blazars at any particular cosmological epoch, those with lower γ-ray luminosity (L

γ
) tend to have lower optical variability, and those FSRQs with a γ-ray photon index greater than 2.6 tend to have low L

γ
. We also measured the structure function of optical variability and found that the amplitude of the structure function for FSRQs is higher than previously measured and higher than that of BL Lacs at multiple time lags. Additionally, the amplitude of the structure function of FSRQs with high γ-ray photon index is significantly lower than that of FSRQs with low γ-ray photon index. The structure function of FSRQs of high γ-ray photon index shows a characteristic timescale of more than 10 days, which may be the variability timescale of the accretion disk. In summary, we infer that the optical component of FSRQs with high γ-ray photon index may be dominated by the accretion disk.
SKYSURF-5: Probing the Integrated Galaxy Light with a SDSS-SKYSURF Cross-matched Catalog
Authors: Bhatia Purvansh , Carleton Timothy , Windhorst Rogier A. , Jansen Rolf A. , O’Brien Rosalia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Project SKYSURF aims to account for the difference between observed integrated background light levels and those expected from galaxy-count measurements using archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images. Due to the scarcity of bright objects in a typical HST field of view, Poisson uncertainty and Cosmic Variance can significantly hinder calculations of the total integrated background light from galaxies. Since the existing SKYSURF analysis cannot constrain bright galaxy counts well, we catalog the bright object number density by cross-matching SKYSURF pointings with objects in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Here, we present the cross-matched catalogs and measure the distribution of integrated galaxy light from the SDSS objects. We find a median integrated light level in the r-band of 2.45 nW m−2 sr−1, consistent with previous findings given the level of incompleteness in SDSS and suggesting that SKYSURF pointings are in general not substantially biased toward object-rich fields on the sky.
Laboratory Spectral Characterization of Ribbeck Aubrite: Meteorite Sample of Earth-impacting Near-Earth Asteroid 2024 BX1
Authors: Cantillo David C. , Ridenhour Kaycee I. , Battle Adam , Joyce Thomas , Nunez Breceda Juliana , Pearson Neil , Reddy Vishnu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Characterization of near-Earth objects (NEOs) is critical for Earth-impact hazard assessment. Particularly crucial to our physical understanding of NEOs are laboratory spectral measurements of meteorites as they are the best and most widely available analog materials, barring sample return missions. However, most meteorites do not have direct orbital links to specific asteroids, making it challenging to identify their source body in the NEO or main-belt asteroid populations. Near-Earth asteroid (NEA) 2024 BX1 was discovered on 2024 January 20 at 21:48 UTC from MPC code K88, impacting the Earth (west of Berlin, Germany) 165 minutes later. The incoming bolide was observed by multiple meteor cameras, which enabled successful reconstruction of its exo-atmospheric orbit and quick recovery. We present results from laboratory spectral characterization of the Ribbeck meteorite in the UV–mid-infrared wavelengths (0.2–14.2 μm) over seven grain size bins (<45 μm–slab). Our results suggest that Ribbeck has spectral properties consistent with enstatite achondrite (aubrite) meteorites. Our grain-size spectral analysis shows that albedo and spectral slope decrease as grain size increases. In addition, increasing grain size also shifts the taxonomic type in the Bus–DeMeo system from Xn to B types, suggesting the limitations of taxonomy in classifying small, regolith-free NEAs. We also present results of our comparison between Ribbeck data and spectra of E types in the main-belt and NEA populations. Principal component analysis of our Ribbeck samples shows variations parallel to the α line, which can be confused with space weathering in PC space.
Intervenir dans sa propre institution : trois expériences
Authors: Bello Fiore , De Berardinis Daniela , Guerra Giovanni , Zeloni Gabriele 
Published: June 2024

Fiore Bello, Daniela De Berardinis, Giovanni Guerra, Gabriele Zeloni, Intervenir dans sa propre institution : trois expériences La question de savoir s’il est possible d’encourager et d’accompagner le changement dans le système dont on fait partie est souvent posée par les psychologues cliniciens attentifs aux dimensions organisationnelles et institutionnelles. La présentation de trois expériences d’intervention, différentes en termes de contexte et de position des psychologues, permet de mettre en évidence quelques pistes de travail. D’une part, l’assomption responsable de son propre rôle et de sa propre fonction au sein du système : il s’agit d’explorer les limites et les possibilités du mandat institutionnel et organisationnel confié au psychologue. D’autre part, une double indication technique : la proactivité du psychologue qui recherche et interpelle activement les acteurs sociaux impliqués ou susceptibles d’être impliqués dans les problèmes, et la co-construction d’espaces spécifiques dédiés précisément à la réflexion et au traitement des problèmes.
Enfants séparés – parents incarcérés – intervenants divisés. L’homologie fonctionnelle du conflit
Authors: Gratton Emmanuel 
Published: June 2024

Emmanuel Gratton , Enfants séparés – parents incarcérés – intervenants divisés. L’homologie fonctionnelle du conflit Une association chargée du maintien des relations enfant-parent incarcéré a fait appel à nous en raison de conflits au sein de son équipe. L’article questionne l’homologie fonctionnelle, terme habituellement utilisé dans le champ psychopathologique, qui pourrait exister entre le public concerné (enfant séparé, père incarcéré) et les bénévoles chargés de maintenir ce lien, eux-mêmes en conflit et/ou divisés. Après une analyse de leur demande, deux journées de formation-action auprès de l’équipe ont été organisées en utilisant des médiations : Adop’Images , mises en situation, dessins semi-collectifs. Le résultat fait apparaître la possibilité d’un lien entre l’histoire présente des familles concernées, l’histoire familiale des bénévoles et leur (dys) fonctionnement institutionnel actuel. Ces facteurs auraient cependant seulement un effet amplificateur car les problèmes rencontrés sont communs à toute vie collective, y compris celle de la famille.
Les Windsor, une famille métamorphosée par les deux Guerres mondiales ?
Authors: Chassaigne Philippe 
Published: June 2024

Clef de voûte du système institutionnel britannique, la monarchie ne pouvait échapper à la mise à l’épreuve des deux guerres mondiales. Georges V (1910-1936) puis Georges VI (1936-1952) – ce dernier dans une mesure plus grande encore – tinrent sans faillir leur rôle de monarque constitutionnel, en apportant un soutien total aux décisions de leurs Premiers ministres. les Royals surent se mettre à l’unisson de la nation : les deux rois jouèrent pleinement leur rôle de « père tutélaire » de leurs sujets et, lors de chaque conflit, l’ensemble de la famille royale multiplia les visites sur le terrain ou en s’engageant dans maintes activités caritatives. Au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la princesse héritière Elizabeth, future Elizabeth II (1952-2022) fut même le premier membre féminin de la famille royale à servir un uniforme, sous les couleurs de l’ Army Territorial ervice . En outre, les médias déclinèrent à l’infini ce thème de la monarchie partageant les épreuves des Britanniques. La dimension impériale de la couronne sortit renforcée : l’Empire démontra un loyalisme à toute épreuve (exception faite de la neutralité irlandaise en 1939) et l’adoption du Statut de Westminster (1931), redéfinissant les rapports entre la métropole et les Dominions, mettait expressément l’accent sur l’allégeance à la Couronne comme facteur de l’unité impériale. L’institution sortit donc consolidée de deux conflits qui, sur le Continent, entraînèrent la ruine de plus d’une dynastie européenne.