bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Native Liquid Biofertilizer Consortia of Staphylococcus equorum, Bacillus velezensis and Staphylococcus epidermidis Enhanced the Growth of Nutmeg Seedlings
Authors: Salitha . , K. Surendra Gopal , R. Preetha , P. Sainamole Kurian , K. Smitha John , H.C. Vikram 
Published: April 2024

Aims: The aim was to evaluate the three most distinct native liquid biofertilizer consortia on the growth of nutmeg seedlings under pot culture studies.
Study Design: Completely Randomized Block Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, Thrissur, Kerala and Block 10, Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ambalavayal, Wayanad, Kerala. The pot culture experiment was conducted from February 2023 to August 2023.
Methodology: The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized block design with three replications along with control. Each treatment was applied with a combination of NPK fertilizers (50% and 75% of recommended dose of fertilizer, based on soil test data). One treatment was composed of only organic fertilizers.
Results: The biofertilizer inoculation had a positive impact on the population of soil microbes, which indicates good soil health. Application of Staphylococcus equorum + Bacillus velezensis + Staphylococcus epidermidis (consortium – 2) along with 50% of the recommended dose of NPK fertilizers, recorded the highest plant growth parameters viz., plant height, leaf length, leaf breadth, stem diameter, leaf area, shoot dry weight, and maximum number of secondary roots. In most of the treatments, nutmeg shoot growth was higher when compared to root growth.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that inoculation of native liquid biofertilizer consortia enhanced the growth of nutmeg seedlings under pot culture studies in Wayanad. Hence liquid biofertilizer consortia can be utilized for earlier establishment of nutmeg seedlings and thereby reduce the dependency on the quantity of chemical fertilizers.
Impact of treatment‐related liver toxicity on the outcome of HCV‐positive non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas
Authors: Arcaini Luca , Merli Michele , Passamonti Francesco , Bruno Raffaele , Brusamolino Ercole , Sacchi Paolo , Rattotti Sara , Orlandi Ester , Rumi Elisa , Ferretti Virginia , Rizzi Silvia , Meli Erika , Pascutto Cristiana , Paulli Marco , Lazzarino Mario 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe studied 160 Hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐positive patients with NHL (59 indolent NHL, 101 aggressive). Median age was 67 years. HCV‐RNA was present in 146. HBsAg was positive in seven patients. At diagnosis, ALT value was above UNL in 67 patients. One hundred and twenty patients received an anthracycline‐based therapy, alkylators, 28 received chemotherapy plus rituximab. Cytotoxic drugs dose was reduced in 63 patients. Among 93 patients with normal ALT at presentation, 16 patients developed WHO grade II–III liver toxicity. Among 67 patients with abnormal ALT, eight patients had a 3.5 times elevation during treatment. Among 28 patients treated with rituximab and chemotherapy, five patients (18%) developed liver toxicity. Thirty four patients (21%) did not complete treatment (eight for liver toxicity). Median progression‐free survival (PFS) for patients who experienced liver toxicity is significantly shorter than median PFS of patients without toxicity (respectively, 2 years and 3.7 years, P = 0.03). After a median F‐UP of 2 years, 32 patients died (three for hepatic failure). A significant proportion of patients with HCV+ NHL develop liver toxicity often leading to interruption of treatment. This could be a limit to the application of immunochemotherapy programs. HCV+ lymphomas represent a distinct clinical subset of NHL that deserves specific clinical approach to limit liver toxicity and ameliorate survival. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Persistence of growth stunting in a Peruvian high altitude community, 1964–1999
Authors: Pawson Ivan G. , Huicho Luis 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe growth of children living in Nuñoa, a Peruvian high‐altitude community, was studied over a 35‐year period using data collected in 1964 and 1999. There had been evidence of a secular trend in growth in the mid‐1980s, but this was before a period of sociopolitical upheaval lasting until the late 1990s partly linked to the activities of the Shining Path group and the Peruvian government's response. Anthropometric data for 576 children examined in 1964–1966 were compared with data from 361 children examined in 1999. Data were converted toZScores using NCHS/WHO reference standards. Compared with the 1964 cohort, boys in 1999 had marginally greater heightZScores, but among females, the trend was reversed. Stunting prevalence had decreased from 1964 levels, but still approached 60% in both sexes, among the highest rates recorded for a modern world population. The prevalence of low weight for height was less than expected, possibly because of the compensatory effect of enlarged chest diameter. This anatomical feature may represent the effect of chronic hypoxic stress, causing growth of the chest cavity at the expense of growth in height. In view of modest improvements during the late 1980s in this population, we believe that the relatively poor growth status of children a decade later may result from food disruption associated with later political instability. Compared with children in a nearby community, which benefits from the socioeconomic infrastructure associated with a large copper mine, Nuñoa children continue to fare relatively poorly. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perspectives onRUNXgenes: An update
Authors: Cohen Jr. M. Michael 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThis perspective onRUNXgenes discusses their basic biological features, including their DNA‐binding α subunit, their non‐DNA binding β subunit, and their Runt domain. The evolution ofRunxgenes begins with one most like Runx3 in invertebrates, progresses to four genes inDrosophila, and to three in vertebrates.Runxgenes have two promoters and various numbers of exons and isoforms. All three genes with expressions in the same biological tissues act either synergistically or at different time periods.Runxgenes have downstream target genes. Furthermore,Runxgenes are mediated by TGFβ or BMP pathways. They also have cohesin‐dependent regulation. Runx1 binds the CD4 silencer and represses transcription in immature double negative thymocytes. Runx1 also activates CD8 as the double negative population progresses to double positive thymocytes. Runx3 establishes epigenetic silencing in CD4 − CD8+ cytotoxic T‐cells by binding the CD4 silencer core sequence. Runx1 may also be involved in CD4 silencing in CD8+ T‐cells.RUNX1mutations cause familial thrombocytopenia with a propensity for developing acute myelogenous leukemia; two functional consequences of these mutations include haploinsufficiency and a dominant negative effect. The latter tends to be associated with a higher frequency of leukemia.RUNX2mutations cause cleidocranial dysplasia; most are of the missense type and commonly occur in the Runt domain.RUNX3is a tumor suppressor gene with hemizygous deletion of one allele and hypermethylation of the other, resulting in gastric adenocarcinoma. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Spatial variation in density and total size estimates in fragmented primate populations: the golden‐crowned sifaka (Propithecus tattersalli)
Authors: Quéméré Erwan , Champeau Julie , Besolo Aubin , Rasolondraibe Emmanuel , Rabarivola Clément , Crouau‐Roy Brigitte , Chikhi Lounès 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe golden‐crowned sifaka (Propithecus tattersalli) is an endangered lemur species found only in the Daraina region, a very restricted area in north‐eastern Madagascar. Its forest habitat is highly fragmented and expected to suffer from significant changes in the near future. The species is poorly known and only one census study, carried out in 2000, has ever been published. It is thus crucial to update the conservation status of the golden‐crowned sifaka before major anthropogenic environmental changes take place. Using the line‐transect approach, we estimated the species density in the main forest fragments located in both the peripheral and central parts of the distribution range, including both protected and unprotected areas. In parallel, we tried to determine whether an edge effect could be detected by comparing densities at different distances from the forest edges. We found important variation of sifaka densities among forest fragments. The total species abundance is thus difficult to determine, but we estimated that it is likely to be over 18,000, two to three times higher than previously thought. However, our data also suggested that mostP. tattersallilive in forests located in the central part of the distribution range and that the estimated densities in the central part were high (>80 individuals/km2). Two forest fragments, found to host a large part of the total population, are currently outside the managed area and their incorporation to the managed area is strongly recommended. Lastly, as expected for a folivorous and not heavily hunted species, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that this species does not experience a clear edge effect, at least during the first half of the dry season. This could be due to a high resiliency to habitat fragmentation or to the fact that fragmentation has been going on for some time. Am. J. Primatol. 72:72–80, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pregnancy increases the growth rates of world health organization grade II gliomas
Authors: Pallud Johan , Mandonnet Emmanuel , Deroulers Christophe , Fontaine Denys , Badoual Mathilde , Capelle Laurent , Guillet‐May Frédérique , Page Philippe , Peruzzi Philippe , Jouanneau Emmanuel , Frenay Marc , Cartalat‐Carel Stéphanie , Duffau Hugues , Taillandier Luc ,   Club de Neuro‐Oncologie de la Société Française de Neurochirurgie (SFNC) and the Association des Neuro‐Oncologues d'Expression Française (ANOCEF)
Published: October 2009

AbstractTwelve pregnancies in 11 adult women harboring World Health Organization (WHO) grade II gliomas (GIIGs) prior to pregnancy were reviewed to address whether pregnancy affects tumor growth using a quantitative approach of the radiological velocity of diametric expansion (VDE) on successive magnetic resonance images. VDE was significantly increased during pregnancy as compared to prepregnancy (p < 0.001) and to postdelivery (p = 0.012) periods. Pregnancy increases the radiological growth rates of GIIGs. An increase in seizure frequency was observed concomitantly in 40% of cases and further oncological treatment was started after delivery in 25% of cases. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:398–404
Arginine test is not reliable for diagnosing cerebellar multiple system atrophy
Authors: Gardner Raquel C. , Schmahmann Jeremy D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe evaluated the arginine growth hormone (GH) stimulation test for the diagnosis of cerebellar‐type multiple system atrophy (MSAc) in patients with ataxia. Fourteen subjects with MSAc, 11 with idiopathic late‐onset cerebellar ataxia (ILOCA), 10 with familial ataxia, and 10 healthy controls were tested. After pituitary GH deficiency was excluded, subjects underwent arginine testing. Peak serum GH response was analyzed. No significant differences in peak GH response were found between subject populations. Thirty‐three percent of MSAc subjects mounted responses >10μg/l GH. Thirty‐six percent of ILOCA subjects and 40 percent of healthy controls mounted responses <4μg/l GH. Arginine thus appears to be unreliable for the diagnosis of MSAc. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:404–408
Delirium after coronary artery bypass graft surgery and late mortality
Authors: Gottesman Rebecca F. , Grega Maura A. , Bailey Maryanne M. , Pham Luu D. , Zeger Scott L. , Baumgartner William A. , Selnes Ola A. , McKhann Guy M. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractObjectiveDelirium is common after cardiac surgery, although under‐recognized, and its long‐term consequences are likely underestimated. The primary goal of this study was to determine whether patients with delirium after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery have higher long‐term out‐of‐hospital mortality when compared with CABG patients without delirium.MethodsWe studied 5,034 consecutive patients undergoing CABG surgery at a single institution from 1997 to 2007. Presence or absence of neurologic complications, including delirium, was assessed prospectively. Survival analysis was performed to determine the role of delirium in the hazard of death, including a propensity score to adjust for potential confounders. These analyses were repeated to determine the association between postoperative stroke and long‐term mortality.ResultsIndividuals with delirium had an increased hazard of death (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–1.97) up to 10 years postoperatively, after adjustment for perioperative and vascular risk factors. Patients with postoperative stroke had a HR of 2.34 (95% CI, 1.87–2.92). The effect of delirium on subsequent mortality was the strongest among those without a prior stroke (HR 1.83 vs HR 1.11 [with a prior stroke] [p‐interaction = 0.02]) or who were younger (HR 2.42 [<65 years old] vs HR 1.49 [≥65 years old] [p‐interaction = 0.04]).InterpretationDelirium after cardiac surgery is a strong independent predictor of mortality up to 10 years postoperatively, especially in younger individuals and in those without prior stroke. Future studies are needed to determine the impact of delirium prevention and/or treatment in long‐term patient mortality. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:338–344
Synthesis of star‐shaped molecules with pyrene‐containing π‐conjugated units linked by an organosilicon core
Authors: Ohshita Joji , Hatanaka Yosuke , Matsui Shigenori , Ooyama Yousuke , Harima Yutaka , Kunugi Yoshihito 
Published: October 2009

AbstractStar‐shaped molecules with pyrene‐containing π‐conjugated units linked by an organosilicon core (Py3Si and Py3C) were prepared and their applications to thin‐film transistors (TFTs) and photovoltaic cells were studied. Bottom‐contact type TFTs with spin‐coated films of the star‐shaped compounds as the active layers were prepared and the field‐effect mobility (µFET) and Ion/Ioff ratios were determined to be approximately 10−5 cm2 V−1 s−1 and 104, respectively. Photovoltaic properties of Py3Si and Py3C were studied in the cells, ITO–PEDOT‐PSS–Py3Si or Py3C‐PCBM–LiF–Al. Although the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the cells was only about 0.04%, they showed high open circuit voltages (Voc) of 0.8–0.9 V, indicating the high potential of this type of compound as a host material. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel intumescent flame‐retardant epoxy resins system
Authors: Gao Ming , Yang Shousheng 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPentaerythritol diphosphonate melamine–dicyandiamide–formaldehyde resin salt, a novel macromolecular intumescent flame retardants (IFR), was synthesized, and its structure was a caged bicyclic macromolecule containing phosphorus characterized by IR, NMR and element analysis. The flame retardancy and thermal behavior of a new IFR system for epoxy resin were investigated by LOI, UL‐94 test, TG, and IR. Activation energy for the decomposition of samples was obtained using Kissinger equation. 25% of weight of IFR were doped into epoxy resin to get 27.5 of LOI and UL 94 V‐0. The TG curves and IR spectra show that IFR decreases the initial decomposition temperature and the maximum weight loss rate of epoxy resin, and enhances the thermal stability of epoxy resin at high temperatures and char yield. The activation energy for epoxy resin containing IFR was decreased by 44.8 kJ/mol, which shows that IFR can catalyze decomposition of epoxy resin. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Synthesis of UV‐curable difunctional silane monomer based on 3‐methacryloxy propyl trimethoxysilane (3‐MPTS) and its UV‐curing characteristics and thermal stability
Authors: Bag Dibyendu S. , Rao K. U. Bhasker 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the present investigation, silicon containing UV‐curable difunctional monomer was synthesized by reacting 3‐methacryloxy propyl trimethoxysilane (3‐MPTS) with acrylic acid using anhydrous ether as a solvent under inert atmosphere. The synthesized acryloxymethacryloxy silane monomer was characterized by FTIR, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. The silane monomer along with 4 wt % photoinitiator (Darocure 1173) was cured under UV‐light for different exposure time. The curing characteristic of the monomer was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. The conversion of the double bond due to curing has been evaluated from the peak intensity of the CC double bond (at 1636 cm−1) in the FTIR spectrum considering the peak intensity at 1720 cm−1 due to CO as internal standard. The maximum double bond conversion is observed to be 72%. The optimum cure time for the silane monomer has been estimated to be 7.8 sec. The UV‐cured sample decomposes at 440°C. The char residue is 35% at 700°C. The synthesized UV‐curable silane monomer may be useful for UV‐coating formulations, for fabrication of 3D‐objects by lithographic technique and as a precursor for organic–inorganic hybrid materials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Preparation and characterization of activated carbon spheres from polystyrene sulphonate beads by steam and carbon dioxide activation
Authors: Singh Arjun , Lal Darshan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe polymeric precursor polystyrene sulphonate beads were used to produce activated carbon spheres (ACSs). ACSs were prepared by carbonization of polymeric precursor at 800°C followed by activation of resultant char with steam and carbon dioxide activation processes. The resulting ACSs were characterized for N2 adsorption, Raman spectrometry, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The adsorption properties such as, BET surface area (SBET), pore volume (Vpore), and micropore volume (Vmicro) of ACSs produced at different gasification time and temperature with steam and carbon dioxide activation were investigated in this study. It is found that porosity of ACSs produced from steam and carbon dioxide activation increases with increasing activation time. The results exhibited that ACSs produced from above carbon dioxide activation have shown high SBET and Vpore 1266 m2/g and 1.13 cm3/g respectively compared to ACSs from steam activation SBET 949 m2/g and Vpore 0.98 cm3/g, respectively. SEM study revealed that ACSs produced from carbon dioxide activation have exhibited a smooth surface and better microstructure as compared to ACSs from steam activation process. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Synthesis and micellization behavior of amphiphilic graft copolymer with 1‐octene as hydrophobic moiety
Authors: Fu Zhisheng , Liu Min , Fang Zuo , Fan Zhiqiang 
Published: October 2009

AbstractTwo new kinds of amphiphilic copolymers were synthesized in this work. Poly(1‐octene‐co‐acrylic acid) copolymers were prepared through the copolymerization of 1‐octene and tert‐butyl acrylate, and the hydrolysis of tert‐butyl acrylate units. Poly(1‐octene‐co‐acrylic acid)‐g‐poly (ethylene glycol) copolymers were obtained from the esterification reaction between poly(1‐octene‐co‐acrylic acid) and poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether. They were characterized by means of 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, GPC, and FTIR. These amphiphilic copolymers can form stable micelles in aqueous solutions. The critical micelle concentration was determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. The micellar morphology and size distribution were investigated by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Solid‐State Asymmetric Photochemical Studies Using the Ionic Chiral Auxiliary Approach
Authors: Yang Chao , Xia Wujiong 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe ionic chiral auxiliary approach to asymmetric photochemical synthesis discovered by the Scheffer group has been successfully applied to many reactions in the solid state. Enantiomeric excesses of up to 99 % were obtained using this method. After a brief introduction of absolute asymmetric synthesis, chirally modified zeolites and host–guest assemblies in asymmetric photochemistry, the bulk of this review will summarize and discuss the application of the solid state ionic chiral auxiliary technique to the Norrish type II reaction, the di‐π‐methane photorearrangement, and to a novel retro‐Claisen photorearrangement.
One‐Pot Organocatalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of 3‐Nitro‐1,2‐dihydroquinolines by a Dual‐Activation Protocol
Authors: Wang Yi‐Feng , Zhang Wei , Luo Shu‐Ping , Li Bai‐Lin , Xia Ai‐Bao , Zhong Ai‐Guo , Xu Dan‐Qian 
Published: October 2009

AbstractGenerally, amine‐catalyzed enantioselective transformations rely on chiral enamine or unsaturated iminium intermediates. Herein, we report a protocol involving dual activation by an aromatic iminium and hydrogen‐bonding. An enantioselective aza‐Michael–Henry domino reaction of 2‐aminobenzaldehydes with nitroolefins has been developed through this protocol using primary amine thiourea catalysts to provide a variety of 3‐nitro‐1,2‐dihydroquinolines in moderate yields and with up to 90 % ee. The mechanism for the catalytic enantioselective reaction was confirmed by ESI mass spectrometric detection of the reaction intermediates. The products formed are substructures found in skeletons of important biological and pharmaceutical molecules.
Computational methods in synthetic biology
Authors: Kaznessis Yiannis N. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe discuss how a theoretical synthetic biology research programme may liberate empiricism in biological sciences beyond the unaided human brain. Because synthetic biological systems are relatively small and largely independent of evolutionary contexts, they can be represented with mathematical models strongly founded on first principles of molecular biology and laws of statistical thermodynamics. A universal mathematical formalism for describing synthetic constructs may then be plausibly used to explain in unambiguous, quantitative terms how biological phenotypic complexity emerges as a result of well‐defined biomolecular interactions. SynBioSS, a publicly available software package, is described that implements this mathematical formalism.
Automated precolumn derivatization system for analyzing physiological amino acids by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Shimbo Kazutaka , Kubo Shintaro , Harada Yushi , Oonuki Takashi , Yokokura Takefumi , Yoshida Hiroo , Amao Michiko , Nakamura Mina , Kageyama Naoko , Yamazaki Junko , Ozawa Shin‐ichi , Hirayama Kazuo , Ando Toshihiko , Miura Junkichi , Miyano Hiroshi 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAn automated method for high‐throughput amino acid analysis, using precolumn derivatization high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI‐MS), was developed and evaluated. The precolumn derivatization step was performed in the reaction port of a home‐built auto‐sampler system. Amino acids were derivatized with 3‐aminopyridyl‐N‐hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate, and a 3 μm Wakosil‐II 3C8‐100HG column (100 × 2.1 mm i.d.) was used for separation. To achieve a 13 min cycle for each sample, the derivatization and separation steps were performed in parallel. The results of the method evaluation, including the linearity, and the intra‐ and inter‐precision, were sufficient to measure physiological amino acids in human plasma samples. The relative standard deviations of typical amino acids in actual human plasma samples were below 10%. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.