bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacteria from Ips sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and their biocontrol potential
Authors: Sevim Ali , Gökçe Cihan , Erbaş Zeynep , Özkan Filiz 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIps sexdentatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the most destructive pests of the spruce trees in Europe. In this study, we have isolated and characterized culturable bacteria from I. sexdentatus and tested their insecticidal activity against the last instar larvae of the pest as a possible biocontrol agent. A total of eight bacterial isolates was determined and four of them were identified at species level, and the others were identified at genus level. Isolates were identified as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Is1), Rahnella sp. (Is2), Pseudomonas sp. (Is3), Bacillus sp. (Is4), Alcaligenes faecalis (Is5), Panteoea agglomerans (Is6), Pseudomonas fluorescens (Is7) and Serratia sp. (Is8) based on their morphological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. Insecticidal effects of bacterial isolates were performed on the last instar larvae of the pest. The highest insecticidal activity was obtained from P. fluorescens (Is7) with 73% mortality within 10 days after inoculation (p < 0.05). Mortality values of the other isolates ranged from 20 to 53%. This study suggests that Pseudomonas fluorescens (Is7) seems to be a good candidate as a possible biocontrol agent against I. sexdentatus, and provides suitable strains that can be modified to express insecticidal toxins and/or other detrimental substances to develop new control methods for I. sexdentatus. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
PTK7 as a novel marker for favorable gastric cancer patient survival
Authors: Lin Yi , Zhang Lian‐Hai , Wang Xiao‐Hong , Xing Xiao‐Fang , Cheng Xiao‐Jing , Dong Bin , Hu Ying , Du Hong , Li Ying‐Ai , Zhu Yu‐Bing , Ding Ning , Du Yun‐Xia , Li Ji‐You , Ji Jia‐Fu 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesProtein tyrosine kinase 7 (PTK7) plays important functions in several cancer types but its expression in gastric cancer remains unknown. This study was designed to investigate PTK7 expression in gastric cancer.MethodsPTK7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 201 gastric cancer patients. The relationship between PTK7 expression and clinicopathological features and patients prognosis were statistically analyzed.ResultsPTK7 expression was detected in 56.72% (114 of 201) of gastric cancer patients. The immunostaining was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. The statistical analyses showed that PTK7 expression was more frequently detected in patients with well‐differentiated tumors (P = 0.001). Furthermore, PTK7 expression was significantly related to the favorable overall survival (OS; P = 0.012) and disease‐free survival (DFS; P = 0.009). Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed that PTK7 expression was an independent prognostic factor for both favorable OS (P = 0.028) and DFS (P = 0.012).ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that PTK7 can serve as a novel prognostic biomarker for gastric cancer patients. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 106:880–886. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time correction by optical tracking with integrated geometric distortion correction for reducing motion artifacts in functional MRI
Authors: Rotenberg David , Chiew Mark , Ranieri Shawn , Tam Fred , Chopra Rajiv , Graham Simon J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractHead motion artifacts are a major problem in functional MRI that limit its use in neuroscience research and clinical settings. Real‐time scan‐plane correction by optical tracking has been shown to correct slice misalignment and nonlinear spin‐history artifacts; however, residual artifacts due to dynamic magnetic field nonuniformity may remain in the data. A recently developed correction technique, Phase Labeling for Additional Coordinate Encoding, can correct for absolute geometric distortion using only the complex image data from two echo planar images with slightly shifted k‐space trajectories. An approach is presented that integrates Phase Labeling for Additional Coordinate Encoding into a real‐time scan‐plane update system by optical tracking, applied to a tissue‐equivalent phantom undergoing complex motion and an functional MRI finger tapping experiment with overt head motion to induce dynamic field nonuniformity. Experiments suggest that such integrated volume‐by‐volume corrections are very effective at artifact suppression, with potential to expand functional MRI applications. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender differences in penetrance and phenotype in hypokalemic periodic paralysis
Authors: Ke Qing , Luo Benyan , Qi Ming , Du Yue , Wu Weiping 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntroduction: Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) is an autosomal dominant skeletal muscle ion channelopathy. Sex hormones are natural ion channel regulators. Different sex hormones have different effects on ion channels. A comparison of the penetrance and phenotype between males and females with HypoPP mutations should aid in proving that sex hormones play different roles in HypoPP and also provide the basis for the development of therapies against HypoPP. Methods: We identified all mutation carriers in 4 HypoPP families using PCR sequencing techniques. All patients underwent clinical investigation. Results: There were 8 men and 7 women mutation carriers in the 4 families. Male carriers had 100% penetrance, but female penetrance was only 28.57%. The highest attack frequency was 50–150 times/year for the men, whereas it was 30–50 times/year for the women. The attacks disappeared during pregnancy. Conclusions: The penetrance and attack frequency were lower in women than in men with HypoPP mutations. Muscle Nerve, 2013
Investigation of fluid–structure interactions using a velocity‐linked P2/P1 finite element method and the generalized‐ α method
Authors: Kang S. , Choi H.G. , Yoo J.Y. 
Published: May 2012

SUMMARYA velocity‐linked algorithm for solving unsteady fluid–structure interaction (FSI) problems in a fully coupled manner is developed using the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian method. The P2/P1 finite element is used to spatially discretize the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations and structural equations, and the generalized‐ α method is adopted for temporal discretization. Common velocity variables are employed at the fluid–structure interface for the strong coupling of both equations. Because of the velocity‐linked formulation, kinematic compatibility is automatically satisfied and forcing terms do not need to be calculated explicitly. Both the numerical stability and the convergence characteristics of an iterative solver for the coupled algorithm are investigated by solving the FSI problem of flexible tube flows. It is noteworthy that the generalized‐ α method with small damping is free from unstable velocity fields. However, the convergence characteristics of the coupled system deteriorate greatly for certain Poisson's ratios so that direct solvers are essential for these cases. Furthermore, the proposed method is shown to clearly display the advantage of considering FSI in the simulation of flexible tube flows, while enabling much larger time‐steps than those adopted in some previous studies. This is possible through the strong coupling of the fluid and structural equations by employing common primitive variables. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Knowledge of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attitudes toward teaching children with ADHD: THE role of teaching experience
Authors: Anderson Donnah L. , Watt Susan E. , Noble William , Shanley Dianne C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractKnowledge of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and attitudes toward teaching children with ADHD are compared across stages of Australian teachers' careers. Relative to pre‐service teachers with (n = 218) and without (n = 109) teaching experience, in‐service teachers (n = 127) show more overall knowledge of ADHD, more knowledge of characteristics and treatments for ADHD, and higher perceived knowledge. In‐service teachers reported less favorable emotion about teaching children with ADHD than did pre‐service teachers without experience and more favorable behaviors than pre‐service teachers with experience. Groups did not differ in knowledge of causes of ADHD, overall attitudes, stereotypical beliefs, and beliefs about teaching children with ADHD. Identification of knowledge gaps and ambivalent attitudes will guide pre‐service and in‐service training courses. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Problematic students of NASP‐approved programs: An exploratory study of graduate student views
Authors: D.Trimble Leasha , Stroebel Sandra S. , Krieg Fred Jay , Rubenstein Robert L. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThis study reports the findings of an electronic exploratory survey of National Association of School Psychologists (NASP) Student Representatives. The purpose of the survey was to gather information about the perspective of graduate students concerning problematic peers and their experiences with them in school psychology training programs. Findings suggest that (a) students are unsure whether or not their training programs have an official procedure in place for dealing with problematic students; (b) the problems they observe most commonly involve poor interpersonal skills; (c) consistent with other mental health programs, school psychology graduate students most often talk with their peers or avoid contact with the problematic peer when they have concerns rather than go to faculty; (d) the majority (49.4%) of the respondents feel that faculty or training directors have the most responsibility for the identification of problematic peers but that students have an ethical duty to provide information to the teaching staff if they feel they have a reason to believe there is a problem of which the faculty is unaware. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photovoltaic devices using semiconducting polymers containing head‐to‐tail‐structured bithiophene, pyrene, and benzothiadiazole derivatives
Authors: Kim Ji‐Hoon , Lee Sunyoung , Kang In‐Nam , Park Moo‐Jin , Hwang Do‐Hoon 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAn alternating copolymer composed of heal‐to‐tail‐structured 3,4′‐dihexyl‐2,2′‐bithiophene (DHBT) and pyrene units [poly(DHBT‐alt‐PYR)] was synthesized using a Stille coupling reaction for use in photovoltaic devices as a p‐type donor. For the reduction of the bandgap energy of poly(DHBT‐alt‐PYR), 4,7‐bis(3′‐hexyl‐2,2′‐bithiophen‐5‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (BHBTBT) units were introduced into the polymer. Poly(DHBT‐co‐PYR‐co‐BHBTBT)s were synthesized using the same polymerization reaction. The synthesized polymers were soluble in common organic solvents and formed smooth thin films after spin casting. The optical bandgap energies of the polymers were obtained from the onset absorption wavelengths. The measured optical bandgap energy of poly(DHBT‐alt‐PYR) was 2.47 eV. As the BHBTBT content in the ter‐polymers increased, the optical bandgap energies of the resulting polymers decreased. The bandgap energies of poly(50DHBT‐co‐40PYR‐co‐10BHBTBT) and poly(50DHBT‐co‐20PYR‐co‐30BHBTBT) were 1.84 and 1.73 eV, respectively. Photovoltaic devices were fabricated with a typical sandwich structure of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/active layer/LiF/Al using the polymers as electron donors and [6,6]‐phenyl C71‐butyric acid methyl ester as the electron acceptor. The device using poly(50DHBT‐co‐20PYR‐co‐30BHBTBT) showed the best performance among the fabricated devices, with an open‐circuit voltage, short‐circuit current, fill factor, and maximum power conversion efficiency of 0.68 V, 5.54 mA/cm2, 0.35, and 1.31%, respectively. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012
Why does the electrical conductivity in PEDOT:PSS decrease with PSS content? A study combining thermoelectric measurements with impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Stöcker Thomas , Köhler Anna , Moos Ralf 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe have investigated the electrical transport properties of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophen)/poly(4‐styrene‐sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) with PEDOT‐to‐PSS ratios from 1:1 to 1:30. By combining impedance spectroscopy with thermoelectric measurements, we are able to independently determine the variation of electrical conductivity and charge carrier density with PSS content. We find the charge carrier density to be independent of the PSS content. Using a generalized effective media theory, we show that the electrical conductivity in PEDOT:PSS can be understood as percolation between sites of highly conducting PEDOT:PSS complexes with a conductivity of 2.3 (Ωcm)−1 in a matrix of excess PSS with a low conductivity of 10−3 (Ω cm)−1. In addition to the transport properties, the thermoelectric power factors and Seebeck coefficients have been determined. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
The effect of interfacial miscibility on the cell morphology of polyethylene terephthalate/bisphenol a polycarbonate blend foams
Authors: Gong Pengjian , Ohshima Masahiro 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAnnealing polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/polycarbonate (PC) blends enhance the transesterification reaction and increase the amount of copolymer at the interface of both polymers. The copolymer enhances the compatibility of PET with PC, because it contains both PET and PC blocks, which causes the interface between PET and PC to become fuzzy. When the PET/PC undergoes batch physical foaming with CO2, the copolymer significantly changes the resulting cell morphology, that is, the annealing time. Before annealing or in the absence of the copolymer, bubble nucleation occurs and dominates growth at the interface. When the PET/PC blends are annealed, the interface impedes bubble nucleation and growth. The polymer is stretched at the interface by bubble growth, forming fibril‐like structures connecting two polymer domains at the interface. Increased annealing time causes the interface to become more homogeneous and makes heterogeneous bubble nucleation difficult. At higher copolymer concentrations, the interface of PET and PC becomes fuzzy and the cell morphology becomes like those of foamed homogeneous polymers. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2012
Cognitive features 10 or more years after successful breast cancer survival: comparisons across types of cancer interventions
Authors: Nguyen Christopher M. , Yamada Torricia H. , Beglinger Leigh J. , Cavanaugh Joseph E. , Denburg Natalie L. , Schultz Susan K. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe present study examined the long‐term cognitive implications of cancer treatment among breast cancer survivors aged 65 years and older to better understand the long term implications of cancer treatment.MethodsFifty‐seven women survivors were compared with 30 healthy older female adult comparisons, matched in terms of age and education, with no history of cancer. Cancer survivors were also compared on the basis of treatment intervention, involving chemotherapy (n = 27) versus local therapy through surgery and radiation (n = 30).ResultsAs a group, the breast cancer survivors scored lower on measures of general cognitive function, working memory, psychomotor speed, and executive function when compared with the normal comparisons. Among the cancer survivors, those who received local therapy scored lower than the other survivors and normal comparisons on measures of verbal learning, visual perception and construction, as well as visual attention and short‐term retention.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that cognitive outcomes may involve greater age‐related deficits among older cancer survivors compared with matched healthy subjects. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exploring the Professional Values of Australian Physiotherapists
Authors: Aguilar Alejandra , Stupans Ieva , Scutter Sheila , King Sharron 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBackground and PurposeA profession's values guide daily practice and professional behaviours. They clarify what professionalism means to a profession, by providing insight into the values that members of the profession aim to uphold and profess. There has been limited research into the values of the Australian physiotherapy profession, and as such, the values that guide practice and constitute professionalism are not explicit. This study aimed to make a preliminary identification of the values of the profession, by exploring the shared professional values of 14 Australian physiotherapists.MethodsThis study was guided by a qualitative approach and constructivist paradigm. Purposive sampling was employed to identify physiotherapists who could contribute rich information to the study. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted and analysed using an inductive data analysis method.ResultsThe emerging professional values formed three main themes. The first theme, ‘the patient and the patient–therapist partnership’, incorporated values such as having patient trust and working collaboratively with patients. The theme labelled ‘physiotherapy knowledge, skills and practice’ included the values of having an evidence base and respecting professional boundaries. The last theme, ‘altruistic values’, was inclusive of values such as honesty, empathy and caring. The values that emerged went beyond philanthropic values, to values that guided every day practice, professional relationships and the responsibilities of being a professional.ConclusionThe results contribute to research orientated towards identifying the values of the profession and in doing so, clarifying what professionalism means to the Australian physiotherapy profession. Differences between the values identified by the American Physical Therapy Association and the study reported in this paper highlight the importance of identifying the values of the profession within the Australian context. In terms of practice implications, physiotherapists may be prompted to reflect on their values and how these values align with those of their patients. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Native point defects at ZnO surfaces, interfaces and bulk films
Authors: Brillson Leonard J. , Dong Y. , Tuomisto F. , Svensson B. G. , Kuznetsov A. Yu. , Doutt D. , Mosbacker H. L. , Cantwell G. , Zhang J. , Song J. J. , Fang Z.‐Q. , Look D. C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe impact of electronically‐active native point defects on ZnO optoelectronic technologies at the nanoscale is only now being explored. We are able to address the impact of these defects on Schottky barrier formation and doping using a combination of depth‐resolved and scanned probe techniques. We clearly identify the optical transitions and energies of VZn and VZn clusters, Ga on Zn site donors, Li on Zn sites, the effects of different annealing methods on their spatial distributions in ion‐implanted as well as Ga grown‐in ZnO, and how VZn, VZn clusters, and VO complexes contribute to near‐ and sub‐surface carrier density. These results reveal the interplay between ZnO electronic defects, polarity, and surface nanostructure. Overall, the influence of native point defects on doping, Schottky barriers, and transport point to new ways for controlling these properties (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Cathodoluminescence study of e‐irradiated and plastically deformed ZnO crystals
Authors: Avella M. , Hortelano V. , Martínez O. , Mass J. , Jiménez J. , Wang B. , Drevinsky P. , Bliss D. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIntrinsic defects are generated by e‐irrradiation, and plastic deformation in ZnO crystals. Spectrally resolved cathodoluminescence (CL) experiments permit the analysis of the optical signature of those defects. We present herein a CL analysis of ZnO crystals irradiated with high energy electrons, and plastically deformed by Vickers indentation. Spectral changes around 3.3 eV and in the deep level emission are observed in the irradiated samples. These changes are compared to those observed around the extended defects introduced by Vickers indentation, which present a similar signature to the e‐irradiated samples, suggesting relation between the defects generated by plastic deformation and e‐irradiation. Zn vacancies seem to be the dominant defects generated in both processes (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Zinc oxide‐based biosensors
Authors: Yano Mitsuaki , Koike Kazuto , Ogata Ken‐ichi , Nogami Takahiro , Tanabe Shintaro , Sasa Shigehiko 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCharacteristics of two different types of zinc oxide (ZnO)‐based biosensors using glucose oxidase are studied keeping medical applications in mind. One is a ZnO nanorod electrochemical electrode and the other is a ZnO‐based field‐effect transistor. Their fabrication process as well as the advantage for the application to integrated healthcare chips is also discussed in detail. The results obtained were in the preliminary stage yet; however, they might be encouraging for the enrolment of ZnO to the new application field of semiconductors. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Neutron diffraction research of local nanodistortions of crystal lattice in diluted magnetic semiconductors Zn1‐xCox S and Zn1‐xCox Se (x =0.01)
Authors: Surkova T. P. , Dubinin S. F. , Maximov V. I. , Lopez‐Rivera S. A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractLocal distortions of the sphalerite crystal structure of Zn1‐xCox S, Zn1‐xCox Se (x =0.01) semiconductor crystals were studied for the first time using thermal neutron diffraction at 300 and 78 K. The diffraction patterns of the crystals were revealed to contain diffuse scattering regions concentrated in the vicinity of the strong Bragg reflections. It was detected for both crystals that the intensity of the neutron diffuse scattering essentially decreases with cooling. Some arguments are given to explain the revealed properties of the diffuse scattering for these crystals in terms of a formation of the vibronic effect leading to the emergence of local nanosized distorted regions. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Current‐pulse‐width control of degra‐ dation in II‐VI and III‐N compound blue‐UV‐white LEDs
Authors: Harada Y. , Ando K. , Nakagawa S. , Sakamoto H. , Abe T. , Kasada H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe have studied the cause of shortened lifetime and reduced brightness of wide‐gap semiconductor LEDs, and found that generation/enhancement of microscopic point defects have strong association with device lifetime. A pulse‐drive technology controlling defect enhancement has been proven new to extend life span of UV‐blue‐white‐LEDs in high efficiency and high brightness operation. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Buffer‐related gate lag in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs
Authors: Nakajima Atsushi , Fujii Kunitaka , Horio Kazushige 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTwo‐dimensional analysis of gate lag in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs is performed by considering a deep donor and a deep acceptor in a buffer layer. It is shown that relatively large gate lag can arise due to traps in the buffer layer. It is also shown that the buffer‐related gate lag becomes smaller when the gate length becomes longer. Dependence of buffer‐related gate lag on trap parameters such as a deep‐acceptor density and a deep‐donor's energy level is also studied (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical and electrical properties of reactively sputtered Ag2Cu2O3 films
Authors: Lund Esben , Galeckas Augustinas , Monakhov Edouard V. , Svensson Bengt G. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAg2Cu2O3 thin films were deposited on glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering of an equiatomic silver‐copper target (Ag0.5Cu0.5) in reactive Ar‐O2 mixtures. The optical properties were examined by spectrophotometry (UV‐Vis‐NIR) and photoluminescence, while the electrical properties were studied with temperature dependent Hall effect measurements. The optical transmittance and photoluminescence spectra indicate several band‐to‐band transitions, most prominently, a direct one of around 2.2 eV. Electrical characterization reveals three dopant levels with ionization energies of 5 meV, 22 meV and 50 meV, and concentrations of around 1016 cm‐3, 1020 cm‐3 and 1023 cm‐3, respectively. (© 2012 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)