bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Temporomandibular Disorders in Iranian Dental and Nondental Students
Authors: Bahrani Farideh , Ghadiri Parnian , Vojdani Mahroo 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
The aim of this study was to define the prevalence and severity of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among Iranian dental and nondental students who attended Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

Materials and methods
The samples consisted of 200 subjects, 100 dental and 100 nondental students (equal distribution between males and females). Subjects ages ranged from 18 to 30 years (24.07 ± 2.93). A functional evaluation was performed using the Helkimo dysfunction index (Di). Data were evaluated by the Chi-square test.

Results
Among the total study population, 71% showed some degree of dysfunction. Prevalence ratio in dental students was 80%, while in nondental students was 62% (p < 0.05, odds ratio = 0.679). With respect to gender, women (80%) were more affected than men (62%). A significant relationship was found between gender and the occurrence of TMD (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
A high prevalence of signs of TMD in Iranian university students was seen which was greater in dental students and women.

Clinical significance
The results of this study showed that the prevalence of TMD among dental students and women was significantly higher than nondental students and men. These findings might be due to poor postural style or emotional stress during dental practice.

How to cite this article
Bahrani F, Ghadiri P, Vojdani M. Comparison of Temporomandibular Disorders in Iranian Dental and Nondental Students. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2): 173-177.
Symptomatic Changes of Oral Mucosa during Normal Hormonal Turnover in Healthy Young Menstruating Women
Authors: Balan Usha , Gonsalves Nitin , Jose Maji , Girish KL 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Changes in hormonal levels, such as those that occur during puberty, pregnancy, menstruation and menopause, have varying effects on oral cavity. Many researchers have proposed a direct link between changing hormonal status and oral health among females.

Objectives
To study the various symptoms and clinical manifestations of oral cavity during normal course of menstrual cycle in healthy women.

Method
Our study comprised of forty healthy young women volunteers with normal menstrual cycle of 28 to 30 days. A proper menstrual history was recorded from the study subjects. The entire cycle was divided into four phases comprising of bleeding, proliferative, ovulation and secretory. All the study subjects had a menstrual cycle of 28 to 30 days. Thorough recording of oral discomforts during various phases of the cycle was done during the study period.

Results
30% of study subjects complained of aphthous ulcers, 5% had herpes labialis, 25% of them complained of depression, 8% showed gingival bleeding.

Conclusion
Complaints, like oral ulcerations, mood variations, recurrent herpetic lesions, gingival bleeding in females during normal menstrual period, are attributed to the role of female sex hormones.

Clinical significance
Lesions, like oral ulcers, recurrent herpetic lesions and increased gingival bleeding, seen in females during normal menstrual periods, could be related to hormonal turnover and therefore treated accordingly.

How to cite this article
Balan U, Gonsalves N, Jose M, Girish KL. Symptomatic Changes of Oral Mucosa during Normal Hormonal Turnover in Healthy Young Menstruating Women. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):178-181.
Prevalence of Dental Caries and Treatment Needs among the Orphan Children and Adolescents of Udaipur District, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Agrawal Anil , Rani PJ , Srilatha S , Khare Vikram , Koshy Ajit , Kapse Sonam C 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Objective
The study was to examine the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs among the orphan children and adolescents of Udaipur district, Rajasthan, India.

Methods
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the oral health status and treatment needs of orphan children. The lists obtained comprised of 13 orphanages consisting of 923 inmates including both sexes. The survey proforma was prepared using a self-administered structured questionnaire written in English validated through a pretested survey. The statistical software namely SPSS 15.0 was used for the analysis of the data.

Results
The prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth was found to be 49.6% and in permanent teeth was 41%. Most of the children need one surface filling followed by pulp care.

Conclusion
The unmet needs for decayed teeth were also found to be high indicating a very poor accessibility and availability of any oral health care. Clearly, it can be concluded that this community has experienced a low utilization of preventive or therapeutic oral health services.

Clinical significance
Orphanage children in India are usually taken care by NGOs or social workers who do not realize that dental care and oral health forms an integral part of children well-being. So, this paper enlighten the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs among the orphan children and adolescents.

How to cite this article
Khare V, Koshy A, Rani PJ, Srilatha S, Kapse SC, Agrawal A. Prevalence of Dental Caries and Treatment Needs among the Orphan Children and Adolescents of Udaipur District, Rajasthan, India. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):182-187.
Dental Plaque pH Variation with Regular Soft Drink, Diet Soft Drink and High Energy Drink: An in vivo Study
Authors: Bendgude Vikas , Jawale Bhushan Arun , Kulkarni Harshal , Mahuli Amit V , Dave Bhavana , Mittal Simpy 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Background
A high incidence of dental caries and dental erosion associated with frequent consumption of soft drinks has been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pH response of dental plaque to a regular, diet and high energy drink.

Methodology
Twenty subjects were recruited for this study. All subjects were between the ages of 20 and 25 and had at least four restored tooth surfaces present. The subjects were asked to refrain from brushing for 48 hours prior to the study. At baseline, plaque pH was measured from four separate locations using harvesting method. Subjects were asked to swish with 15 ml of the respective soft drink for 1 minute. Plaque pH was measured at the four designated tooth sites at 5, 10 and 20 minutes intervals. Subjects then repeated the experiment using the other two soft drinks.

Results
pH was minimum for regular soft drink (2.65 ± 0.026) followed by high energy drink (3.39 ± 0.026) and diet soft drink (3.78 ± 0.006). The maximum drop in plaque pH was seen with regular soft drink followed by high energy drink and diet soft drink.

Conclusion
Regular soft drink possesses a greater acid challenge potential on enamel than diet and high energy soft drinks. However, in this clinical trial, the pH associated with either soft drink did not reach the critical pH which is expected for enamel demineralization and dissolution.

How to cite this article
Jawale BA, Bendgude V, Mahuli AV, Dave B, Kulkarni H, Mittal S. Dental Plaque pH Variation with Regular Soft Drink, Diet Soft Drink and High Energy Drink: An in vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):201-204.
Comparison of COX2 Expression between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Leukoplakia and Normal Mucosa
Authors: Amirchaghmaghi Maryam , Mohtasham Nooshin , Mozaffari Pegah Mosannen 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
To compare cyclooxygenase 2 expression (COX2-E) between normal, oral leukoplakia lesions and different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

Materials and methods
Around 90 paraffin embedded blocks consisting of 45 SCC, 15 leukoplakia and 17 controls were selected for immunohistochemistry (IHC) for detection of COX2- E. COX2-E was divided in four grades, as A (0-10%), B (11-40%), C (41-70%) and D (> 70%) cellularity.

Results
Mean age of the patients was 55.17 ± 18.41 (M:57.92 ± 16.87, F:52.19 ± 19.74). A significant difference was found in COX2 expression between SCC total and, basal and spinous layers of leukoplakia (p < 0.05). COX2-E in spinous layer of normal tissue was significantly lower than SCC (p = 0.000). COX2-E was significantly different in SCC grade 3 and leukoplakia (p = 0.001) and normal tissue (p = 0.000). COX2-E was significantly higher in SCC grade 3 compared to leukoplakia (basal layer) (p = 0.000).

Conclusion
We showed a significant higher COX2-E in SCC lesions compared to leukoplakias and normal controls. In our study COX2-E was not significantly different in SCC grades 1, 2 and 3 (p > 0.05).

How to cite this article
Amirchaghmaghi M, Mohtasham N, Mozaffari PM. Comparison of COX2 Expression between Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Leukoplakia and Normal Mucosa. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):205-209.
Dentures with Phonetically Contoured Palate: A Simple Technique of Adding Customized Rugae and Palatal Contours to the Maxillary Denture
Authors: Krishna Vamsi , Reddy V Vamsi Krishna , Kumar N Praveen , Raju K Venkata Krishnam 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT
Speech is essential to human activity, therefore phonetics must be considered with mechanics and esthetics as the cardinal factors contributing to the success of the dental prosthesis. The aim of this following procedure is to produce dentures that are mechanically functional, esthetically pleasing and permit normal speech.

How to cite this article
Krishna V, Reddy VVK, Kumar NP, Raju KVK. Dentures with Phonetically Contoured Palate: A Simple Technique of Adding Customized Rugae and Palatal Contours to the Maxillary Denture. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):216-218.
Recording ‘Sublingual Crescents’ in Lower Complete Dentures: A Technique so Effective but still Esoteric and Arcane
Authors: Kumar VV Harish , Gafoor MA Abdul , Sheejith M , Swapna C 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACT

Aim
To achieve retention in severely resorbed mandibular ridges during impression making and to maintain the retention and stability of these dentures during function.

Background
No good method with adequate clinical photographs that will empower the dentist with the necessary skill has been reported in the literature.

Technique
The technique involves making a preliminary impression in alginate to record the denture bearing area clearly, doing a border moulding procedure with excess width to fill the wide sulcus present; except in the area of anterior lingual flange from second premolar to second premolar area. The anterior lingual border of the impression is then extended sublingually without interfering with the tongue function or blocking the opening of the ducts of the sublingual gland; to maintain contact with the surrounding sublingual tissue in both protruded and retruded positions of the tongue, thereby creating good peripheral seal in the most vulnerable area in the lower denture, where the seal is easily broken during tongue movements.

Conclusion
This impression technique, combined with arrangement of teeth on the center of the ridge in the posterior part, use of flattened cusp posterior teeth and contoured polish surface of denture base (Fisch concept) provide sufficient retention and stability to the dentures made on these severely resorbed ridges.

Clinical significance
Patients with severely resorbed ridges cannot be rehabilitated with implants also and so normally suffer with loose lower denture fabricated with normal border moulding procedures. These patients can be rehabilitated to a great extent properly.

How to cite this article
Gafoor MAA, Kumar VVH, Sheejith M, Swapna C. Recording ‘Sublingual Crescents’ in Lower Complete Dentures: A Technique so Effective but still Esoteric and Arcane. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012;13(2):222-226.
Effect of Tailored Activity Pacing on Self-Perceived Joint Stiffness in Adults With Knee or Hip Osteoarthritis
Authors: Schepens Stacey L. , Braun Marcia E. , Murphy Susan L. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We examined the effects of a tailored activity-pacing intervention on self-perceived joint stiffness in adults with osteoarthritis (OA).
METHOD. Thirty-two adults with hip or knee OA were randomized to a tailored or general activity-pacing intervention. Participants’ symptoms and physical activity over 5 days were used to tailor activity pacing. The outcome was self-perceived joint stiffness measured at baseline, 4 wk, and 10 wk. A linear mixed regression model was used.
RESULTS. The tailored group significantly improved in stiffness compared with the general group over time. We found a significantly different linear trend between groups (Time × Group, p = .046) in which the tailored group had decreasing stiffness over the three time points, denoting continued improvement. The general group’s stiffness improved from baseline to 4 wk but returned to baseline levels at 10 wk.
CONCLUSION. Tailoring activity pacing may be effective in sustaining improvements in self-perceived joint stiffness in adults with OA.
Score Reliability and Construct Validity of the Flinn Performance Screening Tool for Adults With Symptoms of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Flinn Sharon R. , Pease William S. , Freimer Miriam L. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We investigated the psychometric properties of the Flinn Performance Screening Tool (FPST) for people referred with symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS).
METHOD. An occupational therapist collected data from 46 participants who completed the Functional Status Scale (FSS) and FPST after the participants’ nerve conduction velocity study to test convergent and contrasted-group validity.
RESULTS. Seventy-four percent of the participants had abnormal nerve conduction studies. Cronbach’s α coefficients for subscale and total scores of the FPST ranged from .96 to .98. Intrarater reliability for six shared items of the FSS and the FPST was supported by high agreement (71%) and a fair κ statistic (.36). Strong to moderate positive relationships were found between the FSS and FPST scores. Functional status differed significantly among severe, mild, and negative CTS severity groups.
CONCLUSION. The FPST shows adequate psychometric properties as a client-centered screening tool for occupational performance of people referred for symptoms of CTS.
Systematic Review of Occupation- and Activity-Based Health Management and Maintenance Interventions for Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Authors: Arbesman Marian , Mosley Letha J. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
We describe the results of a systematic review of the literature on occupation- and activity-based health management and maintenance interventions for productive aging. We found moderate to strong evidence that client-centered occupational therapy improved physical functioning and occupational performance related to health management in community-dwelling older adults, as well as in adults with osteoarthritis and macular degeneration. We found moderate evidence that health education programs reduce pain and increase physical activity and that individualized health action plans improve activities of daily living function and participation in physical activities. The evidence that self-management programs result in a decrease in pain and disability and that incorporating cognitive–behavioral principles into physical activity improves long-term participation in exercise was also moderate. Although the evidence for skill-specific training in isolation is limited, effectiveness increases when skill-specific training is combined with health management programs. The implications for practice, education, and research are discussed.
Computer Use Problems and Accommodation Strategies at Work and Home for People With Systemic Sclerosis: A Needs Assessment
Authors: Baker Nancy A. , Aufman Elyse L. , Poole Janet L. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. We identified the extent of the need for interventions and assistive technology to prevent computer use problems in people with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and the accommodation strategies they use to alleviate such problems.
METHOD. Respondents were recruited through the Scleroderma Foundation. Twenty-seven people with SSc who used a computer and reported difficulty in working completed the Computer Problems Survey.
RESULTS. All but 1 of the respondents reported one problem with at least one equipment type. The highest number of respondents reported problems with keyboards (88%) and chairs (85%). More than half reported discomfort in the past month associated with the chair, keyboard, and mouse. Respondents used a variety of accommodation strategies.
CONCLUSION. Many respondents experienced problems and discomfort related to computer use. The characteristic symptoms of SSc may contribute to these problems. Occupational therapy interventions for computer use problems in clients with SSc need to be tested.
Sensitivity of the Evaluation of Social Interaction Measures Among People With and Without Neurologic or Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Søndergaard Mette , Fisher Anne G. 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. To determine whether the Evaluation of Social Interaction (ESI) is sensitive enough to differentiate between people without identified diagnoses and those with neurologic or psychiatric disorders in terms of their observed quality of social interaction.
METHOD. Participants were age 16–69 and were without identified diagnoses (n = 304) or had neurologic (n = 77) or psychiatric (n = 104) disorders. They were evaluated using the ESI.
RESULTS. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests and post hoc Mann–Whitney U tests revealed that the group without identified diagnoses had significantly better quality of social interaction than did either group with disabilities (Us = 3,172 and 3,189, respectively; p ≤ .001).
CONCLUSION. The ESI is sensitive with regard to detecting differences in quality of social interaction among groups expected to differ, suggesting that it is valid for use when the desired purpose is to identify people with diminished quality of social interaction.
Methodology for the Systematic Reviews on Occupation- and Activity-Based Intervention Related to Productive Aging
Authors: Arbesman Marian , Lieberman Deborah 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Systematic reviews of the literature relevant to community-dwelling older adults are important to the practice of occupational therapy. We describe the four questions that served as the focus for the systematic reviews of the effectiveness of occupational therapy interventions for older adults living in the community. This article includes the background for the reviews; the process followed for each question, including search terms and search strategy; the databases searched; and the methods used to summarize and critically appraise the literature. The final number of articles included in each systematic review; a summary of the results; the strengths and limitations of the findings; and implications for practice, education, and research are presented.
Phenotypic Analyses of Agrobacterium
Authors: Morton Elise R. , Fuqua Clay 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAgrobacterium species are plant‐associated relatives of the rhizobia. Several species cause plant diseases such as crown gall and hairy root, although there are also avirulent species. A. tumefaciens is the most intensively studied species and causes crown gall, a neoplastic disease that occurs on a variety of plants. Virulence is specified by large plasmids, and in the case of A. tumefaciens this is called the Ti (tumor‐inducing) plasmid. During pathogenesis virulent agrobacteria copy a segment of the Ti plasmid and transfer it to the plant, where it subsequently integrates into the plant genome, and expresses genes that result in the disease symptoms. A. tumefaciens has been used extensively as a plant genetic engineering tool and is also a model microorganism that has been well studied for host‐microbe associations, horizontal gene transfer, cell‐cell communication, and biofilm formation. This unit describes standard protocols for simple phenotypic characterizations of A. tumefaciens. Curr. Protoc. Microbiol. 25:3D.3.1‐3D.3.14. © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The cis‐trans isomerization of N‐methyl‐α,β‐dehydroamino acids
Authors: Siodłak Dawid , Macedowska‐Capiga Agnieszka , Broda Małgorzata A. , Kozioł Anna E. , Lis Tadeusz 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDehydroamino acids with the methylated N‐terminal peptide group occur in natural small cyclic peptides. The structural analysis was used to investigate the cis‐trans isomerization of the N‐terminal tertiary amide group of diamides: Ac‐(Z)‐Δ(Me)Abu‐NHMe (1), Ac‐(Z)‐Δ(Me)Phe‐NHMe (2), Ac‐(E)‐Δ(Me)Phe‐NHMe (3), Ac‐Δ(Me)Ala‐NHMe (4), and Ac‐(Me)Ala‐NHMe (5). The compounds were analyzed in the solid state by an X‐ray crystallography (1–3), and in the solution by FTIR (MeCN and CHCl3) and NMR (DMSO‐d6 and CDCl3) methods (1–5). In the solid state, the studied compounds adopt the cis configuration of N‐terminal amide. In solution, this configuration also prevails for the dehydroamino acids 1–4, in contrast to the saturated analog 5. The results indicate that N‐methyldehydroamino acids present a promising tool to induce the cis configuration of the amide bond. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 98: 466–478, 2012.
The LiCl effect on the conformation of lentinan in DMSO
Authors: Wang Xiaohua , Zhang Xufeng , Xu Xiaojuan , Zhang Lina 
Published: May 2012

AbstractLentinan (β‐(1→3)‐D‐glucan) was found to be successfully fractionated by the mixture of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and lithium chloride (LiCl) as a solvent and acetone as a precipitant. Light scattering and viscosity measurements were made on solutions of fractionated samples in pure DMSO and 0.2M LiCl/DMSO in the range of the molecular weight Mw from 21.7 × 104 to 84.7 × 104. The values of Mw in both solvents were almost the same, but the remarkable difference between the values of intrinsic viscosity [η] demonstrated that the LiCl/DMSO solvent greatly enhances the stiffness of the lentinan backbone. The observed intrinsic viscosity [η] was analyzed by the Yoshizaki‐Nitta‐Yamakawa theory of a worm‐like chain, and the persistence length q and molecular weight per unit contour length ML were determined roughly as 6.0 nm and 890 g nm−1 in 0.2M LiCl/DMSO, and 5.1 nm and 890 g nm−1 in pure DMSO, respectively. This slightly larger persistent length in 0.2M LiCl/DMSO also confirmed the higher stiffness of lentinan enhanced by the LiCl/DMSO solvent. The enhancement of the chain stiffness was ascribed to the electrostatic repulsion because of the hydrogen bonding of the hydroxyl protons of lentinan with the chloride ion, which is in turn associated with the Li+(DMSO)n macrocation complex. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 97: 840–845, 2012.