bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Amino acids production using pineapple plant stem by optimised one-step fermentation
Authors: Chu Pei-Hsia , Jenol Mohd Azwan , Phang Lai-Yee , Ibrahim Mohamad Faizal , Purkan Purkan , Hadi Sofijan , Abd-Aziz Suraini 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The surge in global pineapple production has led to an excess of waste, demanding a sustainable approach for bioconversion. Despite its substantial volume, pineapple plant stems remain largely neglected, often discarded as on-farm waste. These stems, composed of intricate structures, necessitate a multi-step process for effective bioconversion. A promising alternative involves a single-step approach using microorganisms to combine hydrolysis and fermentation processes, yielding significant amino acid production from pineapple plant stems. This is aligned with Sustainable Development Goals 13 in reducing carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions from traditional waste disposal methods.

Results
The utilisation of Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6051 for amino acid production demonstrated success, yielding 1.28 mg/mL of total free amino acids with a remarkable 67.13 mg/g yield. This represents a 13% increase in concentration and a 12% boost in yield compared to commercial starch. The study underscores the pivotal role of medium composition, highlighting the significance of pineapple plant stems as a substrate and other key components to enhance amino acid production.

Conclusion
Notably, the study achieved a substantial improvement in total amino acids production, reaching 9.57 mg/mL with a yield of 423.97 mg/g—an impressive 6.32-fold increment. This emphasises the enhanced potential of pineapple plant stems as a valuable resource for amino acid production, shedding light on the importance of optimising medium composition for maximum yield.

Graphical Abstract
Case volume and specialization in critically ill emergency patients: a nationwide cohort study in Japanese ICUs
Authors: Fujinaga Jun , Otake Takanao , Umeda Takehide , Fukuoka Toshio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous studies have explored the association between the number of cases and patient outcomes for critical illnesses such as sepsis and trauma, as well as various surgeries, with the expectation that a higher number of cases would have a more favorable effect on patient outcomes. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association among intensive care unit (ICU) case volume, specialization, and patient outcomes in critically ill emergency patients and to determine how ICU case volumes and specializations impact the outcomes of these patients in Japanese ICUs.

Methods
Utilizing data from the Japanese Intensive Care PAtient Database (JIPAD) from April 2015 to March 2021, this retrospective cohort study was conducted in 80 ICUs across Japan and included 72,214 emergency patients aged ≥ 16 years. The primary outcome measure was in-hospital mortality, and the secondary outcomes encompassed ICU mortality, 28-day mortality, ventilator-free days, and the lengths of ICU and hospital stays. Bayesian hierarchical generalized linear mixed models were used to adjust for patient- and ICU-level variables.

Results
This study revealed a significant association between a higher ICU case volume and decreased in-hospital mortality. In particular, ICUs with a higher percentage (> 75%) of emergency patients showed more pronounced effects, with the odds ratios for in-hospital mortality in the higher case volume quartiles (Q2, Q3, and Q4) being 0.92 (95% credible interval [CI]: 0.88–0.96), 0.70 (95% CI: 0.67–0.73), and 0.78 (95% CI: 0.73–0.83), respectively, compared with the lowest quartile (Q1). Similar trends were observed for various secondary outcomes.

Conclusions
Higher ICU case volumes were significantly associated with lower in-hospital mortality rates in Japanese ICUs predominantly treating critically ill emergency patients. These findings emphasize the importance of ICU specialization and highlight the potential benefits of centralized care for critically ill emergency patients. These findings are potential insights for improving health care policy in Japan and may be valuable in emergency care settings in other countries with similar healthcare systems, after careful consideration of contextual differences.
Urbanization, female employment, and family care choice
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Xue 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper studies new changes in elderly care in urban areas against the background of population aging with data from the China Social Survey 2021. The study revealed that urban families mainly adopt two models—the “living-with-the-elderly” model and the “providing-economic-support” model—and that there is a substitution effect between the two models. Regarding individual characteristics, younger individuals with higher education levels tend to use the providing-economic-support model instead of the living-with-the-elderly model. In terms of family features, the greater the number of underage children in a family is, the greater the probability of giving economic support and the lower the probability of living with elderly people, reflecting a family resource allocation model centered on “children”. This paper further explores the impact of urban female employment on family care model choice and finds that employed women are more inclined to use economic support instead of living with elderly people. The study suggested that the government should gradually improve the public resource support system, promote community service infrastructure development, and expand professional service supply capabilities.
Preoperative weight loss interventions before total hip and knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lau Lawrence Chun Man , Chan Ping Keung , Lui Tak Wai David , Choi Siu Wai , Au Elaine , Leung Thomas , Luk Michelle Hilda , Cheung Amy , Fu Henry , Cheung Man Hong , Chiu Kwong Yuen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The high co-prevalence of obesity and end-stage osteoarthritis requiring arthroplasty, with the former being a risk factor for complications during arthroplasty, has led to increasing interest in employing preoperative weight loss interventions such as bariatric surgery and diet modification. However, the current evidence is conflicting, and this study aimed to investigate the effect of weight loss intervention before arthroplasty in prospective randomized controlled trials.

Methods
Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials) were searched for prospective randomized controlled trials that compared weight loss interventions with usual care from inception to October 2023 by following the PRISMA guidelines. The Cochrane risk of bias tool and GRADE framework were used to assess the quality of the studies. Meta-analyses were performed when sufficient data were available from 2 or more studies.

Results
Three randomized controlled trials involving 198 patients were identified. Two studies employed diet modification, and one study utilized bariatric surgery. All three studies reported significant reductions in body weight and body mass index (BMI), and intervention groups had fewer postoperative complications. There was no difference in the length of stay between the intervention group and the control group. Variable patient-reported outcome measures were used by different research groups.

Conclusion
Weight loss intervention can achieve significant reductions in body weight and body mass index before arthroplasty, with fewer postoperative complications reported. Further studies with different populations could confirm the effect of these interventions among populations with different obesity characteristics.
Investigations on solar PV integration and associated power quality challenges in distribution systems through the application of MCS and GA
Authors: Barutcu Ibrahim Cagri , Sharma Gulshan , Gandhi Ravi V. , Jadoun V. K. , Garg Akhil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the forthcoming decades, significant advancements will shape the construction and operations of distribution systems. Particularly, the increasing prominence of photovoltaic (PV) systems in the power industry will impact the security of these systems. This study employs Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) in conjunction with genetic algorithm (GA) and differential evolution (DE) to address uncertainties. The probability density functions (pdf) for total voltage harmonic distortion (UTHD), individual voltage harmonic distortion (UIHDh), and RMS voltage (URMS) have been determined for utilization in chance constrained framework. In addition, the uncertainty effects of PV systems on grid losses for various solar radiation conditions are also investigated. Specifically, the paper aims to evaluate these impacts within the context of stochastic limits. The PV system sizing problem has been addressed inside the distribution system using a chance-constrained framework. A key contribution is the integration of GA, DE, and MCS into a cohesive approach, and the study evaluates the benefits of this approach through an analysis of outcomes derived from the stochastic method. The simulation results illustrate the advantages of the proposed stochastic GA methodology.
Finding the missed millions: innovations to bring tuberculosis diagnosis closer to key populations
Authors: Byrne Rachel L. , Wingfield Tom , Adams Emily R. , Banu Sayera , Bimba John Samson , Codlin Andrew , Atienzar Ana Cubas , Garg Tushar , John Stephen , Gurgel Ricardo Queiroz , Sander Melissa , Santos Victor Santana , Squire S. Bertel , Vo Luan Nguyen Quang , Creswell Jacob 
Published: May 2024

Abstract Current strategies to promptly, effectively, and equitably screen people with tuberculosis (TB) and link them to diagnosis and care are insufficient; new approaches are required to find the millions of people around the world with TB who are missed each year. Interventions also need to be designed considering how people interact with health care facilities and where appropriate should be suitable for use in the community. Here, the historical, new, and reemerging technologies that are being utilised for TB diagnosis globally are discussed, whilst highlighting that how we use and evaluate tests is just as important as the tests themselves.
Factors associated with domestic violence in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: Araraquara Cohort study
Authors: Biagio Leonardo Domingos , Devakumar Delanjathan , Falcão de Carvalho Leticia , Pinheiro de Castro Natália , López Rossana Verónica Mendoza , Luzia Liania Alves , Pizzi Argentato Perla , Rondó Patrícia Helen Carvalho 
Published: May 2024

Aims and method
This cross-sectional study, carried out from 2021 to 2022, investigated the factors associated with domestic violence in 400 Brazilian pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Violence was assessed with the World Health Organization's Violence Against Women questionnaire and the Abuse Assessment Screen. Demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, lifestyle and mental health data were collected.

Results
Violence at any time in their lives was reported by 52.2% of the women, and psychological violence was the most prevalent type (19.5%). Violence was associated with being single and mental health changes. Pregnant women exposed to any lifetime violence and psychological violence were, respectively, 4.67 and 5.93 times more likely to show mental health changes compared with women with no reported violence.

Clinical implications
Training health professionals involved in prenatal care in the early detection of single women and women with mental health changes could be important in preventing domestic violence.
No Bodies Business: Trapdoor Tactics and the Art of Transgender Disappearance in A Fantastic Woman
Authors: Nault Curran 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Chilean Academy Award–winning drama, Una mujer fantástica/A Fantastic Woman (dir. Sebastián Lelio, 2017), is a film that navigates past the superficiality of surface into a transgender interiority and imagination situated below and against dominant culture's demand for transgender display. Within the media mainstream, transgender legibility has been predicated on a hypervisibility tailor-made for cisgender consumption—via celebrated magazine covers and charged cinematic spectacles. A Fantastic Woman, however, frustrates this ideology of the visible and the knowable certainties it feigns. Prying the cisgender gaze from its perch of power—disrupting its ability to detect, define, and dominate the transgender body—the film incites the “transgender gaze,” as first advanced by Jack Halberstam. A Fantastic Woman ultimately forsakes specular relations altogether, enacting a “disappearing act” that moves audiences beyond the flesh and into the heart of the matter: the internal depths of transgender fantasy and feeling. Aesthetically articulated, this transcension progresses from the private visions of the film's protagonist, Marina, to an acute emphasis on sound as well as surface. Through its “art of disappearance,” A Fantastic Woman conjures an enticing horizon in which transgender surveillance and subjugation are provisionally contravened, proffering the possibility of sidestepping the disciplining, normalizing powers of the cisgender gaze.
Parachute mitral valve and mid-aortic syndrome – unusual associations of Alagille syndrome
Authors: Bhagia Geeta , Hussain Nasir , Arty Fnu , Bansal Puneet , Biederman Robert 
Published: May 2024

Background: Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is a multisystem disorder involving at least three systems among the liver, heart, skeleton, face, and eyes. Common cardiac associations include pulmonary artery stenosis/atresia, atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD) and tetralogy of fallot (ToF). Coarctation of aorta (CoA), renal and intracranial arteries are commonly involved vessels in Alagille syndrome. We present two cases with rare cardiovascular manifestations of Alagille syndrome. Case description: Case 1: A 25-year-old female with a history of Alagille syndrome presented to the cardiologist office for progressive exertional dyspnoea, orthopnoea, and palpitations. She was tachycardiac on examination and had an apical diastolic rumble. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) showed a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 60% and parachute mitral valve (PMV) with severe mitral stenosis. A transoesophageal echocardiogram (TOE) showed insertion of chordae into the anterolateral papillary muscle, severe mitral stenosis with a valve area of 0.7 cm. She was referred to a congenital heart disease specialist and underwent robotic mitral valve replacement with improvement in her symptoms. Case 2: A 27-year-old female with known Alagille syndrome and resistant hypertension presented to the cardiologist office due to progressive exertional dyspnoea for a year. She was hypertensive and had a new 2/6 systolic ejection murmur along the left upper sternal border. TTE revealed an LVEF of 60% and pulmonary artery pressure of 19 mmHg. A CoA was suspected distal to the left subclavian artery due to a peak gradient of 38 mmHg. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging ruled out CoA, and diffuse narrowing of the descending thoracic aorta measuring 13–14 mm in diameter was noted. The patient was referred to a congenital heart disease specialist for further management. Conclusion: PMV presenting as mitral stenosis and mid-aortic syndrome are not commonly described anomalies in association with Alagille syndrome. TTE, TOE and CMR played a key role in diagnosis and management of these patients.
Učestalost dojenja u ordinacijama primarne pedijatrijske zaštite u Republici Hrvatskoj tijekom trogodišnjeg razdoblja (2020.-2022.)
Authors: Čatipović Marija , Draušnik Željka , Kolarek Karakaš Mirjana , Puharić Zrinka 
Published: May 2024

The goal of the research is to present data on the prevalence of breastfeeding in the Republic of Croatia for a three-year peroid. In cooperation with the Ministry of Health, the Croatian Institute of Public Health and the Department of Business Analysis of the MCS Group, data on the nutrition of children in the Republic of Croatia for years 2020, 2021 and 2022, have been extracted from the MCS Group database. In total, 63,969 records on the type of nutrition of infants and 15,871 records on the type of nutrition of children older than one year were processed, and collected from 55,042 children in total. The percentage of children exclusively breastfed for 1 month is 56.49%, for 3 months 46.09%, and for 6 months 9.66%. When it comes to complementary feeding, 47.87% of children were breastfed for 9 months, 37.26% for 12 months, and 7.64% for 24 months. The first month of a child's life is characterized by a sudden drop in the number of breastfed children, compared to the percentage of breastfeeding represented in maternity hospitals. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding for six months is significantly below the rate recommended by WHO and UNICEF. The differences in the recommendations of WHO and UNICEF, the European Association for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN), and the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EACCI) can be confusing for some health workers and parents. The results of total breastfeeding in months 12 and 24 are slightly below the values reported as the current rates of breastfeeding in the world by UNICEF. According to the current state of breastfeeding in the Republic of Croatia, the breastfeeding goals for 2030, set by WHO and UNICEF, will be difficult to achieve without reorganization and strengthening of the role of pediatricians in primary health care.
Factors influencing maternal death in Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam countries: A systematic review
Authors: Win Pyae Phyo , Hlaing Thein , Win Hla Hla 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundA maternal mortality ratio is a sensitive indicator when comparing the overall maternal health between countries and its very high figure indicates the failure of maternal healthcare efforts. Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam-CLMV countries are the low-income countries of the South-East Asia region where their maternal mortality ratios are disproportionately high. This systematic review aimed to summarize all possible factors influencing maternal mortality in CLMV countries.MethodsThis systematic review applied "The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Checklist (2020)", Three key phrases: "Maternal Mortality and Health Outcome", "Maternal Healthcare Interventions" and "CLMV Countries" were used for the literature search. 75 full-text papers were systematically selected from three databases (PubMed, Google Scholar and Hinari). Two stages of data analysis were descriptive analysis of the general information of the included papers and qualitative analysis of key findings.ResultsPoor family income, illiteracy, low education levels, living in poor households, and agricultural and unskilled manual job types of mothers contributed to insufficient antenatal care. Maternal factors like non-marital status and sex-associated work were highly associated with induced abortions while being rural women, ethnic minorities, poor maternal knowledge and attitudes, certain social and cultural beliefs and husbands’ influences directly contributed to the limitations of maternal healthcare services. Maternal factors that made more contributions to poor maternal healthcare outcomes included lower quintiles of wealth index, maternal smoking and drinking behaviours, early and elderly age at marriage, over 35 years pregnancies, unfavourable birth history, gender-based violence experiences, multigravida and higher parity. Higher unmet needs and lower demands for maternal healthcare services occurred among women living far from healthcare facilities. Regarding the maternal healthcare workforce, the quality and number of healthcare providers, the development of healthcare infrastructures and human resource management policy appeared to be arguable. Concerning maternal healthcare service use, the provisions of mobile and outreach maternal healthcare services were inconvenient and limited.ConclusionLow utilization rates were due to several supply-side constraints. The results will advance knowledge about maternal healthcare and mortality and provide a valuable summary to policymakers for developing policies and strategies promoting high-quality maternal healthcare.
A prediction model based on digital breast pathology image information
Authors: Sun Guoxin , Cai Liying , Yan Xiong , Nie Weihong , Liu Xin , Xu Jing , Zou Xiao 
Published: May 2024

Background
The workload of breast cancer pathological diagnosis is very heavy. The purpose of this study is to establish a nomogram model based on pathological images to predict the benign and malignant nature of breast diseases and to validate its predictive performance.

Methods
In retrospect, a total of 2,723 H&E-stained pathological images were collected from 1,474 patients at Qingdao Central Hospital between 2019 and 2022. The dataset consisted of 509 benign tumor images (adenosis and fibroadenoma) and 2,214 malignant tumor images (infiltrating ductal carcinoma). The images were divided into a training set (1,907) and a validation set (816). Python3.7 was used to extract the values of the R channel, G channel, B channel, and one-dimensional information entropy from all images. Multivariable logistic regression was used to select variables and establish the breast tissue pathological image prediction model.

Results
The R channel value, B channel value, and one-dimensional information entropy of the images were identified as independent predictive factors for the classification of benign and malignant pathological images (P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model in the training set was 0.889 (95% CI: 0.869, 0.909), and the AUC in the validation set was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.7980.877). The calibration curve results showed that the calibration curve of this nomogram model was close to the ideal curve. The decision curve results indicated that the predictive model curve had a high value for auxiliary diagnosis.

Conclusion
The nomogram model for the prediction of benign and malignant breast diseases based on pathological images demonstrates good predictive performance. This model can assist in the diagnosis of breast tissue pathological images.