bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Representing wastewater recycling in an integrated urban water modelling tool
Authors: Kinsman D. L. , Mirza F. F. , Maheepala S. , Neumann L. E. , Coultas E. H. 
Published: May 2012

Treated wastewater is increasingly being considered as an alternative supply source in urban areas. Assessing its feasibility requires simulating its use using a suitable model. The feedback inherent in any wastewater recycling scenario creates challenges when determining how water from different types of sources like surface water, groundwater and treated wastewater should be allocated to meet demands. This is especially important when an optimisation algorithm determines the water allocation strategy. Releases from surface water sources can be reduced if supply from treated wastewater can be modelled. This allows for more efficient management of the water supply, leading to increased storage levels and fewer demand deficits.
HydroPlanner is an integrated modelling tool developed in part to predict the effects of wastewater treatment and reuse on the supply network. It combines rainfall runoff models, storage models, demand models and wastewater recycling models together in the simulation of urban water systems.
This paper demonstrates that HydroPlanner can model regulated river network systems equivalently to established platforms such as REALM. Additionally it is shown that HydroPlanner can specifically model wastewater treatment and the supply of treated water back to demands, though a further case study is planned to prove its validity for this purpose.
The ability of vegetated floating Islands to improve water quality in natural and constructed wetlands: a review
Authors: Masters Bernie 
Published: May 2012

Constructed and natural wetlands are widely used to improve many water quality parameters. Vegetated floating islands (VFIs) placed on the surface of these wetlands significantly enhance the efficiency of natural processes that reduce nutrients, suspended solids, heavy metals and other pollutants.
Pollutant reduction in VFIs, particularly nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorous, occurs primarily through the actions of bacterial biofilms growing within the island matrix and on plant roots hanging below the islands. Direct uptake of nutrients by plants is minor, although plants are essential as they provide additional substrate for biofilm development while supplying oxygen and carbon for use by the bacteria.
Nitrogen-based nutrients are primarily removed from wetlands as nitrogen gas. Phosphorous is mostly deposited as organic-rich sediment which accumulates within or beneath the floating islands. This material can become anoxic and return its contained phosphorous to the water column, making it biologically available for algal or bacterial blooms that degrade water quality. Physical removal of this P-rich material is an essential wetland management action.
VFIs can remove phosphorous at up to 4.6 g/m2/day and ammonia at up to 8.1 g/m2/day with simultaneous denitrification of nitrate to nitrogen gas.
VFIs can significantly increase the efficiency of pollutant removal from natural and constructed wetlands.
Panceriella emiratensis sp. nov. (Eucestoda, Linstowiidae) from desert monitor lizard, Varanus griseus (Daudin, 1803) in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Schuster Rolf 
Published: May 2012

AbstractTwo hundred and twenty seven cestodes of the genus Panceriella were detected in the small intestine of a desert monitor lizard, Varanus griseus in the Dubai Emirate of the United Arab Emirates. Panceriella emiratensis sp. nov. is considerably shorter than the type species P. varanii and can be easily distinguished by the presence of an unsegmented neck, smaller numbers and smaller diameter of testes. Gravid segments contain a distinctly lower number of egg capsules.
Three new species of Digenea (Batrachotrematidae) in Nanorana minica (Anura, Dicroglossidae) from Uttarakhand, India
Authors: Rizvi Anjum , Bursey Charles , Bhutia Pasang 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThree new species of batrachotrematid trematodes from the small paa frog, Nanorana minica, collected in Uttarakhand, India are described and illustrated: Batrachotrema korbaensis sp. nov., Opisthioparorchis dehradunensis sp. nov. and Opisthioparorchis nanoranae sp. nov. The new species are assigned to genera based on presence or absence of cuticular spines; absent in Batrachotrema, present in Opisthioparorchis. Five species are assigned to Batrachotrema, which are separated by position of genital pore, location of testes and host; B. korbaensis differs from previously described species in that it is the only species from an anuran host with testes in the 4th quarter of the body. Ten species are assigned to Opisthioparorchis, which are separated by testes position, extent of vitellaria, and oral sucker-acetabulum ratio. O. nanoranae sp. nov. is the only species possessing tandem testes. Two species, O. dehradunensis sp. nov. and O. yaanensis, possess oblique testes, the remaining 7 species have symmetrical testes. Opisthioparorchis dehradunensis sp. nov. is distinguished from O. nanoranae sp. nov. by testes orientation; oblique in O. dehradunensis sp. nov., tandem in O. nanoranae sp. nov.
Exploring the use of robots as social mediators in a remote human-human collaborative communication experiment
Authors: Papadopoulos Fotios , Dautenhahn Kerstin , Ho Wan Ching 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Our long-term goal is to develop robots as social mediators that can support human-human communication in remote interaction scenarios. This paper explores the effects of an autonomous robot on human-human remote communication and studies participants’ preferences in comparison with a communication system not involving robots. We developed a platform for remote human-human communication in the context of a collaborative computer game. The exploratory study involved twenty pairs of participants who communicated using video conference software. Participants expressed more social cues when using the robot and sharing of their game experiences with each other. However, analyses of the interactions of the participants with each other and with the robot show that it is difficult for participants to familiarise themselves quickly with the robot while they can perform the same task more efficiently with conventional devices. These issues need to be carefully considered and addressed when designing human-human remote communication systems with robots as social mediators.
Evolution of central pattern generators for the control of a five-link bipedal walking mechanism
Authors: Baydin Atılım Güneş 
Published: May 2012

Abstract
Central pattern generators (CPGs), with a basis is neurophysiological studies, are a type of neural network for the generation of rhythmic motion. While CPGs are being increasingly used in robot control, most applications are hand-tuned for a specific task and it is acknowledged in the field that generic methods and design principles for creating individual networks for a given task are lacking. This study presents an approach where the connectivity and oscillatory parameters of a CPG network are determined by an evolutionary algorithm with fitness evaluations in a realistic simulation with accurate physics. We apply this technique to a five-link planar walking mechanism to demonstrate its feasibility and performance. In addition, to see whether results from simulation can be acceptably transferred to real robot hardware, the best evolved CPG network is also tested on a real mechanism. Our results also confirm that the biologically inspired CPG model is well suited for legged locomotion, since a diverse manifestation of networks have been observed to succeed in fitness simulations during evolution.
The ABLE Scale: The Development and Psychometric Properties of an Outcome Measure for the Spinal Cord Injury Population
Authors: Ardolino Elizabeth M. , Hutchinson Karen J. , Pinto Zipp Genevieve , Clark MaryAnn , Harkema Susan J. 
Published: May 2012

BackgroundA paucity of information exists on the psychometric properties of several balance outcome measures. With the exception of the Modified Functional Reach Test, none of these balance outcome measures were developed specifically for the population with spinal cord injury (SCI). A new balance assessment tool for people with SCI, the Activity-based Balance Level Evaluation (ABLE scale), was developed and tested.ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were: (1) to develop a scale capturing the wide spectrum of functional ability following SCI and (2) to assess the initial psychometric properties of the scale using a Rasch analysis.DesignA methodological research design was used to test the initial psychometric properties of the ABLE scale.MethodsThe Delphi technique was used to establish the original 28-item ABLE scale. People with SCI at each of 4 centers (n=104) were evaluated using the ABLE scale. A Rasch analysis was conducted to test for targeting, item difficulty, item bias, and unidimensionality. An analysis of variance was completed to test for discriminant validity.ResultsThe Rasch analysis revealed a scale with minimal floor and ceiling effects and a wide range of item difficulty capturing the large scope of functional capacity after SCI. Multiple redundancies of item difficulty were observed.LimitationsAll raters were experienced physical therapists, which may have skewed the results. The sample size of 104 participants precluded a principal component analysis.ConclusionDevelopment of an all-inclusive clinical instrument assessing balance in the SCI population was accomplished using the Delphi technique. Modifications of the ABLE scale based on the Rasch analysis yielded a 28-item scale with minimal floor or ceiling effects. Larger studies using the revised scale and factor analyses are necessary to establish unidimensionality and reduction of the total item number.
Innovative Mobility Strategies for the Patient With Intensive Care Unit–Acquired Weakness: A Case Report
Authors: Trees Darin W. , Smith James M. , Hockert Steven 
Published: May 2012

Background and PurposeAlthough the benefits of early mobilization in the intensive care unit (ICU) have been well documented in recent years, the decision-making process and customization of treatment strategies for patients with ICU-acquired weakness have not been well defined in the literature. This case report will describe a patient with ICU-acquired weakness in the long-term acute care hospital (LTACH) setting and mobilization strategies that include novel devices for therapeutic exercise and gait training.Case DescriptionA 73-year-old, active woman underwent a routine cardioversion for atrial fibrillation but developed multiple complications, including sepsis and respiratory failure. The patient spent 3 weeks of limited activity in the ICU and was transferred to our LTACH for continued medical intervention and rehabilitation. A 4-phase graded mobilization program was initiated in the LTACH ICU. Within that program, the physical therapy interventions included partial weight-bearing antigravity strength training with a mobile leg press and gait training with a hydraulic-assist platform walker.OutcomeBefore interventions, the patient had severe weakness (Medical Research Council [MRC] sum score of 18/60) and displayed complete dependence for all functioning. She progressed to being able to ambulate 150 ft (1 ft=0.3048 m) using a rolling walker with accompanying strength increases to an MRC sum score of 52/60.DiscussionThis case report describes novel mobility strategies for managing a patient with ICU-acquired weakness. The application of a graded mobilization program using a mobile leg press and a hydraulic-assist platform walker was safe and feasible, and appeared to expedite the patient's recovery process while decreasing the amount of manual lifting for the therapists.
Gamma Knife surgery for patients with nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas: predictors of tumor control, neurological deficits, and hypopituitarism
Authors: Starke Robert M. , Williams Brian J. , Jane John A. , Sheehan Jason P. 
Published: May 2012

Object
Nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas often recur after microsurgery and thereby require further treatment. Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) has been used to treat recurrent adenomas. In this study, the authors evaluated outcomes following GKS of nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas and assessed predictors of tumor control, neurological deficits, and delayed hypopituitarism.

Methods
Between June 1989 and March 2010, 140 consecutive patients with nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas were treated using GKS at the University of Virginia. The median patient age was 51 years (range 21–82 years), and 56% of patients were male. Mean tumor volume was 5.6 cm3 (range 0.6–35 cm3). Thirteen patients were treated with GKS as primary therapy, and 127 had undergone at least 1 open resection prior to GKS. Ninety-three patients had a history of hormone therapy prior to GKS. The mean maximal dose of GKS was 38.6 Gy (range 10–70 Gy), the mean marginal dose was 18 Gy (range 5–25 Gy), and the mean number of isocenters was 9.8 (range 1–26). Follow-up evaluations were performed in all 140 patients, ranging from 0.5 to 17 years (mean 5 years, median 4.2 years).

Results
Tumor volume remained stable or decreased in 113 (90%) of 125 patients with available follow-up imaging. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated radiographic progression free survival at 2, 5, 8, and 10 years to be 98%, 97%, 91%, and 87%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, a tumor volume greater than 5 cm3 (hazard ratio = 5.0, 95% CI 1.5–17.2; p = 0.023) was the only factor predictive of tumor growth. The median time to tumor progression was 14.5 years. Delayed hypopituitarism occurred in 30.3% of patients. No factor was predictive of post-GKS hypopituitarism. A new or worsening cranial nerve deficit occurred in 16 (13.7%) of 117 patients. Visual decline was the most common neurological deficit (12.8%), and all patients experiencing visual decline had evidence of tumor progression. In multivariate analysis, a tumor volume greater than 5 cm3 (OR = 3.7, 95% CI 1.2–11.7; p = 0.025) and pre-GKS hypopituitarism (OR = 7.5, 95% CI 1.1–60.8; p = 0.05) were predictive of a new or worsened neurological deficit.

Conclusions
In patients with nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenomas, GKS confers a high rate of tumor control and a low rate of neurological deficits. The most common complication following GKS is delayed hypopituitarism, and this occurs in a minority of patients.
Computed tomographic evaluation of paediatric brain in a teaching hospital
Authors: Islam MN , Rasul CH , Sarder AH , Hossain SA 
Published: May 2012

During the period of June 09 to June 11, a total 689 children under 15 year, underwent brain computed tomography in the department of Radiology & Imaging, KMCH. Trauma was the commonest chief complaint (38.6 %), followed by headache (27.3%), convulsion (11.5%), focal neurologic deficit (9.1%), fever (3.5%), developmental delay (2.9%), increasing head size (1.5%), and inability to straighten head (0.9%). Traumatic events (contusion, fracture, extra axial hematoma, intra axial hematoma) were commonest CT diagnoses (24.5%). The other diagnoses were generalized cortical atrophy (7.3%), infarction (4.9%), intracranial tumor (3.3 %), congenital lesions (3.3%), infective process (meningitis, abscess, empyema, encephalitis, tuberculoma, TORCH infection)-2.8%, hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (2.6%), spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage (2.2%), white matter disease (0.6 %). Negative finding (45%) were also a frequent observation. Proper clinical assessment while advising pediatric brain computed tomography will reduce unnecessary CT scan and in some case initial imaging should be MRI.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmjk.v44i1-2.10467 Bang Med J (Khulna) 2011: 44(1&2) 3-6
L'entrée des artistes
Authors: Labrousse Pierre 
Published: May 2012

Pierre Labrousse, Institut national des Langues et Civilisations orientales, Paris L'entrée des artistes
Oil painting, despite earlier forms that can be found in Javanese craftsmanship, is a modern creation. The paramount promoter of this new type of art was Raden Saleh, who was the first painter to publicize the position of the artist. His particular way of performing his trade, in the context of colonial society and of the Yogyakarta kraton is analysed in the first part of the article. Another reason for the prestige attached to painting was found in the social origin of pre-war and independence-era artists. These generations of lesser priyayi artists were aware that the ideology of nationalism that they had taken up was a way to recover an eminent position in the new society. As new painting academies were established in universities, this trend intensified and resulted in the emergence of a new kind of power, that of discourses on painting. Regarding their relation to politics, artists were part of the prince's court under Soekarno, as well as under the New Order, although in a less personal way.
Le portrait du peintre au miroir de la nation
Authors: Naveau Étienne 
Published: May 2012

Etienne Naveau, Institut national des Langues et Civilisations orientales, Paris Le portrait du peintre au miroir de la nation
Contrary to the small number of writers' biographies, there are a lot of biographies of painters in Indonesia. How can we explain that sort of contrast ? Exploring a corpus of about thirty painters who were living in Java, and focusing on important painters such as Affandi and Basuki Abdullah, the article suggests at least three answers to this question. First, the multiplication of painters' biographies reflects the development of a market for paintings since the late twentieth century. Second, the painter himself often appears as a weird and eccentric personality who can then fascinate readers. Third, and above all, painting in Java is closely linked to the construction of the nation. Indonesian people recognize their painters, who contribute to the recognition of Indonesia as a great nation, which means a politically independent country with a high and rich culture.
L'institution des ventes publiques : les maîtres marchands de la peinture indonésienne
Authors: Njoto-Feillard Hélène 
Published: May 2012

Hélène Njoto-Feillard, Doctorante en Histoire de l'Art, École des Hautes Études en Sciences
Sociales, Paris
L'institution des ventes publiques : les maîtres marchands de la peinture indonésienne
In the past ten years, Indonesia's market for painting has taken the first place in Southeast Asia, far ahead of other nations, reaching world records for painting sales with high-ends like Raden Saleh, Walter Spies or Soedjojono. This development finds its roots back in the early 1990s, when new specialized auction houses were first set up in Europe, then in Asia and Indonesia. Almost all the collectors buying in auctions are Indonesians of Chinese descent. But the law has little say in this rather young market, which runs partly by its own rules. Considering the passion rising among collectors, it seems that collection of paintings has also acquired a symbolic content, both political and social, lending some national historical legitimacy to a minority whose fate often remains dependent on political interests.
Indonésie 2005 : Soleil double
Authors: Raillon François 
Published: May 2012

François Raillon, Centre national de la Recherche scientifique, Paris Indonésie 2005 : Soleil double
This article attempts to describe and analyse recent developments of Indonesian politics in terms of a competition between president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono and vice-president Jusuf Kalla. In 2005, their rivalry was tested through a series of challenges such as Aceh's peace process and post tsunami reconstruction, oil shocks upon the economy, and various terrorist attacks. Jusuf Kalla derived his power both from his political activism and his control of Golkar, now once more the largest party in Indonesia. Through his skills at fixing intricate issues such as the Aceh question, and thanks to his ability to win local elections and maneuver the national parliament, Kalla consolidated his grip on national politics. By contrast, President Susilo displayed a more remote though rather successful style of government, stressing foreign policy ventures and appealing to traditional Javanese constituencies. The 2009 presidential contest is expected to make the difference between both men.
Réinterprétation des plus anciennes stèles funéraires islamiques nousantariennes : III. Sri Lanka
Authors: Kalus Ludvik , Guillot Claude 
Published: May 2012

Ludvik Kalus, Université Paris IV - Sorbonne & Claude Guillot, Centre national de la
recherche scientifique, Paris
Réinterprétation des plus anciennes stèles funéraires islamiques nousantariennes.
III. Sri Lanka
This paper is the third part of a series in which the authors endeavour to reconsider the oldest Islamic inscriptions found in the eastern part of the Indian Ocean. Nine inscriptions, dating from the 8th to the 16th century, are dealt with here. Most of the oldest ones present original stylistic features but none of them was found in situ and some bear clear marks of having been used for other purposes than as tombstones. In spite of a lack of definite evidence, the authors believe that the oldest funeral slabs have to be regarded as testimonies of Muslim communities in Sri Lanka. However they are less affirmative although still doubtful about the more recent group of stones carved in Cambay and found in Trincomalee.
Inscriptions islamiques sur des canons d'Insulinde du XVIe siècle
Authors: Guillot Claude , Kalus Ludvik 
Published: May 2012

Claude Guillot, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris & Ludvik Kalus,
Université Paris IV - Sorbonne
Inscriptions islamiques sur des canons d'Insulinde du XVIe siècle
This article is part of the general survey of Islamic epigraphy in the Malay world carried out by its authors. Four ancient cannons are discussed here: Ki Amuk from Banten and three pieces seized by the Dutch in the Sultan of Aceh's palace after their victory in 1874. Two of the Acehnese cannons bear inscriptions testifying that they were supplied not by Istanbul as is commonly thought, but by the Gujarati strongman Chingîs Khân, probably in 1567.
Women's Social Status as Reflected in Chinese Epigraphs from Insulinde (16th-20th Centuries)
Authors: Salmon Claudine 
Published: May 2012

Claudine Salmon, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Paris
Women's Social Status as Reflected in Chinese Epigraphs from Insulinde (16th-20th
Centuries)
Cet article traite du statut social des femmes après leur mort à travers une série d'épigraphes d'Insulinde allant du XVIe au XXe siècle ainsi qu'à travers certains rituels; ce, afin de mieux voir quelle était l'impact du lijiao ou éducation selon les rites, par rapport à celui de la coutume locale. Nous avons envisagé successivement le statut fait aux femmes mariées, qu'elles soient peranakan, totok, ou indigènes et celui fait aux filles, en étudiant les inscriptions érigées par les enfants à leurs parents.
Pour ce qui est des premières, on observe une très grande diversité. À côté de tombes manifestement érigées à des dames venues de Chine, s'en trouvent d'autres également en style chinois, dressées à la mémoire de dames locales qui se sont trouvées ainsi intégrées au monde chinois, mais aussi à celle de dames peranakan des classes moyenne et supérieure dont le statut est indiqué par l'ajout de titres et de noms posthumes.
Pour ce qui est des filles, on se trouve en présence d'une situation sans précédent dans le monde chinois puisque celles-ci prennent part, dans certains milieux, à l'érection des tombes de leurs parents au même titre que les fils et inscrivent leurs noms à côté de ceux de ces derniers. Cet usage peut être suivi à partir du XVIIe s et se poursuit pendant les siècles suivants. Cette innovation silencieuse est sans doute en rapport avec la situation réelle des femmes dans les diverses sociétés d'Insulinde. Tout se passe comme si la mort était un rite de passage au cours duquel hommes et femmes tentent, chacun selon ses coutumes, de perpétuer une identité idéalisée.