bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Concentric and Eccentric Power in Flywheel Exercises Depending on the Subjects' Strength Level and Body Mass
Authors: Asencio Pablo , García-Valverde Adrián , Albaladejo-García Carlos , Beato Marco , Moreno Francisco J. , Sabido Rafael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Asencio, P, García-Valverde, A, Albaladejo-García, C, Beato, M, Moreno-Hernández, FJ, and Sabido, R. Analysis of concentric and eccentric power in flywheel exercises depending on the subjects’ strength level and body mass. J Strength Cond Res 38(8): 1394–1400, 2024—The objective of this study is to describe how flywheel exercise mechanical outputs are affected by the athletes' body mass (BM) and strength level and by the exercise type. Forty-six recreational athletes came to a laboratory 3 times. On the first day, descriptive data, squat (1 repetition maximum: 1RM) and flywheel familiarization were performed. After a second day of familiarization, subjects performed a randomized flywheel exercise-testing protocol of squat and split squat exercises. The variables used for data analysis were peak concentric power and peak eccentric power, eccentric/concentric ratio, and their relationship with 1RM/BM. Subjects were assigned to a stronger or weaker group according to their 1RM/BM ratio. Group differences were found in absolute values of eccentric overload (EOL) (p < 0.01; effect size [ES] = 0.51) and EOL/BM (p < 0.01; ES = 0.46) only in the split squat. Absolute power values in the concentric phase showed differences between inertial load (p < 0.01; ES = 0.41). The stronger group did not present significant differences between inertial loads during squat (p < 0.01; ES = 0.46), but they showed different ratios with light inertias in comparison with the weaker group (p < 0.01; ES = 0.46). There were significant differences between groups with light inertias in split squat (nondominant) and squat exercises (p < 0.05; ES = 0.29) in the eccentric and concentric phases (p < 0.116; ES = 0.20). Squat and split squat exercises present different profiles depending on the training level. In conclusion, it is recommended that practitioners perform a test to understand the inertial load–power profile (concentric, eccentric, and their ratio) for each exercise and also consider the user's strength level for selection of the inertial load and for the exercise to use in training.
Impact of Anaerobic Exercise Integrated Into Regular Training on Experienced Judo Athletes: Running Vs. Repetitive Throws
Authors: Kamandulis Sigitas , Dudėnienė Lolita , Snieckus Audrius , Kniubaite Audinga , Mickevicius Mantas , Lukonaitiene Inga , Venckunas Tomas , Stasiule Loreta , Stasiulis Arvydas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Kamandulis, S, Dudėnienė, L, Snieckus, A, Kniubaite, A, Mickevicius, M, Lukonaitiene, I, Venckunas, T, Stasiule, L, and Stasiulis, A. Impact of anaerobic exercise integrated into regular training on experienced judo athletes: running vs. repetitive throws. J Strength Cond Res 38(9): e489–e495, 2024—Anaerobic training in high-level athletes is of considerable interest to practitioners aiming to optimize performance. This study compared the impact of interval anaerobic training (IAT) sessions consisting of either high-intensity running or throwing that were performed twice a week together with regular judo training on the anaerobic and aerobic performance of experienced judo athletes. Employing a repeated-measures, counterbalancing, research design, 12 national team judo athletes (7 women and 5 men; mean age, 20.4 ± 0.95 years; mean judo training experience, 13.4 ± 1.4 years; competitive level, black belt first and second Dan) performed each IAT modality for 6 weeks, for a full training cycle of 12 weeks. Assessments of their anaerobic fitness (Cunningham and Faulkner Anaerobic Treadmill Test), sport-specific anaerobic fitness (Special Judo Fitness Test [SJFT]), and aerobic capacity (maximal incremental treadmill running test) were performed before, after 6 weeks, and after 12 weeks of training. The uphill running performance improved by 13.1% over the 12-week period (p = 0.047). Simultaneously, there was a 9.0% improvement in the SJFT index and a 6.9% increase in the number of throws (p = 0.011 and p = 0.017, respectively). Although a trend for throwing drills being more effective than interval sprint running was observed, the interaction effect lacked statistical significance (p = 0.074). Moreover, no substantial changes were noted in aerobic endurance markers. In conclusion, this study suggests that incorporating specific and nonspecific high-intensity drills into a routine training regimen may enhance anaerobic capacity among well-trained judo athletes, potentially leading to favorable competitive outcomes.
Building Missionary-Philanthropic Educational Networks: A Medical School for Women in Constantinople
Authors: Türeli Ipek 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The American College for Girls in Constantinople has been credited with playing a significant role in Turkish women’s emancipation and the feminist movement. From its humble origins in a small overseas mission, the institution evolved by 1914 into a U.S.-style college with a campus sponsored by leading American philanthropists. The designs were intended to impress visitors and to control the women students’ bodies, and, as such, were contested by the women at the helm of the institution. By examining the correspondence among various actors involved in the project, as well as the architects’ drawings, this article traces the building process of the campus with a focus on its lesser-known and unrealized medical school. It argues that the building process helped the American women educators of the ACG to establish an educational network that offered them opportunities unavailable to them in the United States.
Determinants of Effective Tax Rate: Empirical Evidence From Selected Manufacturing Industries in Bangladesh
Authors: Sharif Md. Jamil , Khan Shawrin Ahmed 
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The objective of this study is to conduct an empirical investigation of financial and operational firm specific factors that have an impact on the effective tax rate (ETR) for Bangladeshi manufacturing firms operating in a variety of industries.
Method: The study solely focused on three different production industries: Pharmaceuticals and Chemicals, Engineering, and Ceramics. At least six years’ set of panel data have been collected from each industry between 2016 and 2021 in order to conduct an analysis of the panel corrected standard error model (PCSE). Thus, the PCSE model is used to conduct an analysis on a total of 265 observations derived from 44 different company listed in DSE.
Findings: Out of eight financial and operational factors, firm size and profitability has a significant positive correlation with ETR in practically every sector separately and collectively. The findings are supported by political cost theory that suggests large firms have to pay more taxes due to political attention. One exception has been found regarding Ceramics sector where firm size has insignificant negative impact on ETR. This is reinforced by the political power theory, which states that politically influential corporations are less likely to voluntarily pay taxes because of the incentives provided by the power they wield in politics. On the other hand, Interest coverage ratio, Interest to sales ratio, capital intensity, firm age leverage has also significant impact on the effective tax rate in both model ETR1 and ETR2 differently across sectors. This study also concludes that there is variation among industry to industry and little bit of year indicators.
Novelty: The study investigates the factors of manufacturing companies empirically and contributes to the variety of taxation issues among various manufacturing sectors. According to the authors’ best knowledge, there has been very little research on taxes, hence this study is a completely new contribution to Bangladesh’s manufacturing sector.
Keywords: Effective Tax Rate; Dhaka Stock Exchange; Political Cost Theory; Political Power Theory
Matrilineal Paradox in Semende and Minangkabau Culture
Authors: Arifin Zainal 
Published: June 2024

Minangkabau and Semende are a community with a very strong matrilineal kinship system, where one of its characteristics is that power and control of resources are in the hands of women. Following their matrilineal system, decision making on property division (inheritance) is given to the eldest child, who in the case of Semende is called tunggu tubang. In the Minangkabau and Semende communities, the customary provision that places women as central power and control of resources ultimately generates a paradox. Traditionally, the power and control of resources are in the hands of women, but in empirical reality (social practice), these are controlled and supervised by the men in the community. Through ethnographic research methods, this paradox is understood by deeply investigating the knowledge structure of actors in these two societies about what and how these customs (adat) are understood and applied in their lives. The research findings show that the paradox is a result of the existence of ambiguous customary provisions, in which power and control of resources are handed over to women, but these provisions also open opportunities for men to take authority over matters. These customary provisions then spark male political movement to redefine these provisions in order to have power over matters as well. This suggests that in matrilineal societies or societies where women empowerment andÂ influences are dominant, the potential of men to strengthen their authority and control over matters tend to occur frequently, which ultimately lead to matrilineal paradox.
La Escuela de Leipzig o la justificación epistemológica del conservadurismo
Authors: Mujica Coopman Francisco , Chavez Albarran Juan 
Published: June 2024

Poco se ha escrito sobre uno de los intentos más radicales de fundamentación del conservadurismo; como son las obras de Hans Freyer, Arnold Gehlen y Helmut Schelsky (principales representantes de la Escuela de Leipzig). Este artículo sistematiza la tentativa de la Escuela de Leipzig de justificar epistemológicamente el conservadurismo como régimen socio-político. Caracterizaremos el concepto de conservadurismo en la Escuela de Leipzig (I), se expondrá su fundamentación epistemológica en Freyer (II), su continuación en Gehlen (III) y su variante en Schelsky (IV). Concluiremos con una discusión sobre la actualidad del diagnóstico epocal de la Escuela de Leipzig (V).
Genetic alterations in the pmrAB two-component system and lipid A biosynthesis genes of polymyxin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates
Authors: El mrimar Nadia , Belouad El Mehdi , Benaissa Elmostafa , Bssaibis Fatna , Jazouli Mohammed , El alaoui My abdelaziz , Maleb Adil , Elouennass Mostafa 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe rate of pandrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains is on the rise in all continents. This bacterium can acquire resistance to all antibiotics, even to colistin. Alterations in the lipid A or/and the two-component pmrAB were earlier detected in colistin resistance. We investigated and analyzed two strains of A. baumannii (ABRC1 and ABRC2) isolated from two patients admitted to intensive care unit with a septic shock. Both strains were resistant to all tested antibiotics including colistin with a MIC >256 mg L−1. Colistin resistance genes (pmrA, pmrB, lpxA, lpxC, lpxD, and lpsB) of two strains (ABRC1 and ABRC2) were investigated by PCR and sequencing. Obtained nucleic acid sequences were aligned with reference sequences of ATCC 19606 and 17987. In this study two amino acid mutations, N287D in the lpxC gene and E117K in the lpxD gene, were detected in both ABRC1 and ABRC2 strains. ABRC1 had an additional H200L mutation in the pmrA gene. Both colistin resistant strains harbored the same A138T mutation in the pmrB gene. The ABRC2 strain also had an alteration in the kinase domain, specifically an R263S substitution of the histidine kinase domain. Three identical mutations were found in the lpsB gene of both A. baumannii strains: Q216K + H218G + S219E. As a result, a newly deduced protein sequence in both ABRC1 and ABRC2 strains differed from those described in ATCC 17978 and 19606 strains was determined. Colistin resistance is multifactorial in A. baumannii. In our study we detected novel mutations in colistin resistant A. baumannii clinical isolates.
Efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam and plazomicin on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli
Authors: Öztaş Sevil , Er Doğanhan Kadir , Dündar Devrim , Keçeli Sema Aşkın 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCarbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) have become a major public health problem worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam and plazomicin on carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates. Susceptibility of imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, ceftazidime/avibactam and plazomicin was investigated by broth-microdilution method. Major carbapenemases NDM, VIM, IMP, KPC, OXA-48 as well as other β-lactamases namely, TEM, SHV, OXA-1-like, CTX-M, ACC, FOX, MOX, DHA, CIT, EBC, VEB, GES, PER were investigated by PCR. A total of 120 carbapenem-resistant isolates (60 E. coli and 60 K. pneumoniae) were included in this study and blaOXA-48-like was found in 78.33%, blaNDM in 26.66%, blaKPC in 7.5%, blaIMP in 5.83%, and blaVIM in 5%. Among 94 isolates with the blaOXA-48-like gene, 22.3% were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and 51.1% were resistant to plazomicin. Of 32 isolates with blaNDM, 31 (96.9%) were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and 30 (93.75%) were resistant to plazomicin, and both antibiotics had limited effects against blaNDM carriers (P < 0.001). Of the 12 isolates with blaNDM+OXA-48 combination, 11 (91.7%) were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and plazomicin. The effect of both antibiotics was significantly lower in strains with blaNDM+OXA-48 combination (P < 0.005).The most common carbapenemase genes in this study were blaOXA-48-like and blaNDM. Ceftazidime/avibactam demonstrated a good efficacy among OXA-48 producing K. pneumoniae and E. coli, however, plazomicin had a significantly lower antibacterial effect in our study. Both antimicrobial agents should be considered as an option by evaluating combined susceptibility results and gene patterns obtained by regional and global molecular data in the treatment of CRE infections.
Answer to a 1971 Question of Grätzer and Lakser on Pseudocomplemented Lattices
Authors: Farley Jonathan David 
Published: June 2024

Grätzer and Lakser asked in the 1971 Transactions of the American Mathematical Society if the pseudocomplemented distributive lattices in the amalgamation class of the subvariety generated by 𝟐𝑛 ⊕ 𝟏 can be characterized by the property of not having a *-homomorphism onto 𝟐𝑖 ⊕ 𝟏 for 1 < 𝑖 < 𝑛.In this article, their question from 1971 is answered.
Social Determinants of Health in a Kansas Community Health Center
Authors: Schmidt Randall , Butler Faith 
Published: June 2024

Introduction. Social determinants have been shown to directly impact health outcomes for patients in the United States. Community health centers were established to provide holistic care to address these needs.
Methods. This study consists of a survey to assess social determinants of health and patient perception of health. Data was collected from 200 patients September 2018 to December 2018 at Health Ministries Clinic (HMC) in Newton, KS. Statistical analysis was performed using RStudio and significance was designated with a p-value < 0.05.
Results. Among the results, the areas of education, income, employment, and insurance status were negatively correlated with self-rated health. 86.2% of patients who reported finishing college or graduate school rated their health positively (responses of good, very good, or excellent), compared to 40% of those who did not finish high school (p=0.012). Regarding employment, 32% of those unemployed rated their health positively, compared to 85.1% of full-time workers (p=4.877 x 10-5). Additionally, lower income individuals (income <$34,000 per year) consistently rated their health poorer than their higher income counterparts (p=0.021). Patients who lack insurance or are insured through Medicaid, CHIP, or another public program viewed their health as worse than those on private health insurance and Medicare (p=0.0004).
Conclusions. The correlation between social determinants and health continued to be shown in this study, specifically in a dose-response relationship. This study continues to identify the importance of addressing health not only at the clinic, but also through advocacy for a more equal community through social interventions.
Vocabulary profile, lexical density and speech rate of science podcasts: How adequate are they for EAP and ESP listening?
Authors: Vuković-Stamatović Milica , Čarapić Dragana 
Published: June 2024

One potential source of authentic input for English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and English for Science and Technology (EST) listening could be science podcasts. In this study, we examine the vocabulary level of this genre, as well as the amount of the common specialized, i.e. academic and scientific vocabulary it contains. Additionally, we study its lexical density and speech rate. These properties are examined on a corpus of 126 science podcasts produced by the journal Nature, the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and the magazine Scientific American. These are compared against those determined for a corpus of lectures in general (the MICASE lectures) and a corpus of science lectures in particular (the MICASE’s science-lecture subsection). On the one hand, science podcasts were found to contain a good amount of both academic and scientific vocabulary, as well as to have a very similar lexical density to that of lectures. On the other hand, their vocabulary level and speech rate were somewhat higher than those of lectures. Based on the analysis, we recommend the use of science podcasts for both EAP and EST listening for advanced learners. For learners with lower proficiencies, vocabulary support and/or adjusting the speed of the science podcasts is advised.
The Impact of Policy Work on Employability Skills in the Policy Project Connected to the Criminal Appeals Clinic at the Open University
Authors: Curryer Emma , Edwards Carol 
Published: June 2024

The impact of policy work in allowing students to obtain skills in case work should not be understated. At the Open University (OU) one of our modules on our law degree incorporates clinical legal education. The Criminal Justice Clinic (CJC) is a digital clinic that sits within that. The purpose of the CJC is to assist clients that state they have been wrongly convicted of serious criminal offences and are serving long sentences in prison. It aims to assist with social justice and provide students with professional skills. Students research and advise on live criminal cases under the supervision of a solicitor. They apply legal principles to determine whether there are any grounds for an appeal to be made. Students have full access to case papers. It is an innovative project as it aims to teach students legal professional skills working on difficult cases in a digital only setting.
Last year we set up a system where students undertake a policy project before commencing work in the clinic. This assists them with acquiring the skills that they need when they work on live criminal cases and helps them understand the background to what they are doing. Students were split into groups and given a policy project to look at and at the end they provided a report. They worked collaboratively to do so and needed to complete the project within a specific time frame. This paper looks at the practicalities of doing such a project digitally and considers the impact on employability skills.
Pengaruh Dosis Kotoran Kambing Dan Konsentrasi Paclobutrazol Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.)
Authors: Kanzana Gebina , Munandar Denna Eriani , Purnamasari Ika , Kurnianto Agung Sih 
Published: June 2024

Produktivitas tanaman mentimun di Indonesia umumnya masih rendah, salah satu penyebabnya adalah kondisi tanah yang keras akibat pemupukan anorganik yang terus, menerus. Bunga jantan pada mentimum juga banyak sehingga jumlah buah yang dihasilkan sedikit. Untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk organik kotoran kambing yang dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik kimia dan biologi tanah serta zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) paclobutrazol yang dapat meningkatkan jumlah bunga betina. Penelitian untuk mendapatkan dosis kotoran kambing dan konsentrasi ZPT paclobutrazol yang tepat dilaksanakan di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember, menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) faktorial terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu dosis pupuk kotoran kambing terdiri dari: 0, 10, 20 dan 30 ton/ha. Faktor kedua konsentrasi paclobutrazol terdiri dari : 0; 0,250 ; 0,375 dan 0,500 ml/l, dengan 3 ulangan. Parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman di analisis dengan analisis varian dan uji t dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95 %, apabila berbeda nyata di uji dengan uji jarak berganda Duncan dengan α,5 %. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa dosis pupuk kotoran kambing 10 - 30 ton/ha meningkatkan tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering total tanaman. Pemberian Paclobutrazol 0,250 - 0,500 ml/liter menurunkan tinggi tanaman, luas daun, berat segar dan berat kering total tanaman serta jumlah bunga jantan. Konsentrasi paclobutrazol 0,375 ml/l berpengaruh terbaik pada jumlah bunga betina dan jumlah buah. Terdapat interaksi perlakuan dosis kotoran kambing dan konsentrasi ZPT Paclobutrazol terhadap bobot buah pertanaman dan potensi produksi dengan perlakuan terbaik : dosis kotoran kambing 20 hingga 30 ton/ha dan Paclobutrazol 0,375 ml/l yang menghasilkan bobot buah pertanaman sebesar : 4200,13 -4338,63 g dan potensi produksi mentimun sebesar : 138,61-143,14 ton/ha.