bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major, Trace, and Rare Earth Elements Geochemistry of the Late Paleocene Shales from Gamba Formation, Sokoto Basin, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Ogbesejana Abiodun B. , Muaz Lawal Aminu , Gobirawa Nasiru Sani , Radda Faisal Dahiru , Akinyemi Segun A. , Areguamen Omole Isaac , Akintade Oluwadurotimi O. , Adeleye Adebayo Mathew , Bello Oluwasesan M. , Egwu Augustine C. , Yandoka Babangida M. Sarki 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Trace elements and major oxides geochemistry has gained global attention because of their potentials as provenance, tectonic settings, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions indicators in geological materials. Until now, there has been a lack of extensive focus on the detailed analysis of major, trace, and rare earth elements in the shales of the Sokoto basin, particularly within the Gamba Formation of the basin. Therefore, the present investigation delved into the geochemical importance of trace elements and major oxides constituents in the shales taken from the Gamba Formation, situated in the Sokoto basin. This was achieved through the utilization of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and statistical methodologies, all considered within the framework of provenance, tectonic environments, and conditions of deposition. Alkali metals and alkali-earth metal elements, Na, K, Ca, and Mg occurred in very high concentrations in the shale samples while U has the lowest values, indicating the detritus derived from various provenances (felsic and mafic) and reducing conditions of the environment. Among the rare earth elements detected in the shales, light rare earth elements showed enriched concentrations compared to heavy rare earth elements, indicating anoxic conditions. Among the major oxides identified, the shales exhibit elevated levels of SiO2, with Fe2O3 greater than Al2O3; whereas the remaining oxides demonstrate relatively low concentrations. This suggests that shales are predominantly constituted of quartz minerals and were formed in marine settings. Moreover, the distribution patterns of the trace elements and major oxides showed striking similarities on the spider diagrams of UCC and PAAS. The ratios derived from both the trace elements and major oxides, along with the discrimination diagrams, indicated that the shales consist of mafic and felsic detritus. They were likely deposited under varying conditions, such as anoxic and oxic, in close proximity to the passive margin and continental island arc. These conclusions were further corroborated by the multivariate statistical analyses conducted on the elemental dataset. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of trace elements and major oxides geochemistry in assessing the origin, tectonic setting, and paleoenvironments of shales.
Diabetic Foot Ulcer in the Latin America and Caribbean Region: A Narrative Review
Authors: Lovell Laura , Campbell Michael , Adams O. Peter , Greaves Natalie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background Increasing diabetes burden within the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region will inevitably increase the rates of diabetes-related complications such as diabetic foot ulceration (DFU). Data concerning diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region is sparse, and no comprehensive study of empirical findings has been disseminated. The current study reviews existing literature to summarize findings for epidemiology and disease burden of DFU in the LAC region and identify current knowledge gaps.Methods A systematized search of peer-reviewed literature published between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2023, was conducted in five databases (EMBASE, PUBMED, EBSCO, DART, and CARPHAS) using initial and expanded search strategies. Only studies with full text in English were included and two researchers (LL and NG) independently, reviewed the retrieved references extracting relevant studies by titles and then abstract with subsequent discussion of any differences. Potentially eligible studies were retrieved as full text, reviewed and study quality commented according to critical appraisal guidelines. Key thematic information from the review was extracted and is presented here as a brief narrative summary supported by contextual data from other peer-reviewed literature.Results Our search resulted in twenty-one studies fitting the selection criteria that were identified from four Caribbean countries (Barbados, Guyana, Jamaica, and Trinidad and Tobago) and eight Latin American countries of (Argentina, Brazil, Columbia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru). Diabetic foot ulcer prevalence ranged from 2.8–14.7%, with identified outcomes of lower extremity amputation associated with infection and poor glycemic control. Risk factors for DFU identified included increased diabetes duration, kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, and neuroischaemic foot.Conclusions This paper highlighted the lack of studies on DFU incidence, prevalence and outcomes within the LAC region which is insufficient to inform health policy for the region.
Perinatal Mood, Anxiety, and Substance Use Disorders: Are Future U.S. Obstetric Physicians Being Trained to Address the Most Common Complications of Pregnancy?
Authors: Whelan Anna R. , Trubiano Jordan P. , Qendro Isabella , Leung Katherine , Callaghan Katherine M. , Kumaraswami Tara , Clark Melissa A , Byatt Nancy , Simas Tiffany A. Moore Moore 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background/Objective:
Perinatal mental health conditions and substance use disorders are the most common complications of pregnancy and the leading cause of overall and preventable maternal mortality. These conditions remain under-detected and under-treated. Both the Council on Resident Education in Ob/Gyn and the American Academy of Family Physicians expect graduating residents to be competent at diagnosing and treating perinatal mental health and substance use disorders. This study surveyed contemporary obstetric trainees to understand training modalities being utilized and confidence addressing steps in the perinatal mental health care pathway to understand current state, unmet needs, and educational opportunities.
Methods:
Web-based cross-sectional anonymous survey developed and distributed via Qualtrix in October 2019 to Ob/Gyn and Family Medicine (FM) residents in U.S. programs accredited by the Accreditation Committee of Graduate Medical Education (ACGME; 282 Ob/Gyn, 455 FM, and 93 MFM programs). Respondents self-reported exposure to 8 modes of training and separately, their confidence addressing perinatal mental health and substance use disorders on 6-point Likert scales.
Results:
Total respondents (n=125) included 69.6% Ob/Gyn and 30.4% FM trainees representing all U.S. regions. For both perinatal mental health and substance use disorders the majority (75% and 68% respectively) trained via didactic sessions. Most respondents felt at least moderate confidence detecting, assessing, and treating both depression and anxiety (82% and 72% respectively). A majority reported at least moderate confidence in determining when to refer for therapy (81%), when and how to start medications for depression and anxiety (67%). In general, smaller proportions were calculated across the pathway for substance use disorders. The majority responded they should have ‘more’ or ‘a lot more’ training in depression and anxiety disorders (78% Ob/Gyn, 61% FM) and substance use disorder (91% Ob/Gyn, 79% FM).
Conclusions:
To make significant progress in increasing detection, assessment, and treatment access for perinatal mental health and substance use disorders, the next generation of clinicians need more training and greater confidence in their abilities. Graduate medical education for obstetric clinicians has a critical opportunity to address perinatal mental health and substance use disorders and thus improve intergenerational outcomes and decrease maternal morbidity and mortality.
Association of Physical Symptoms with Accelerometer-Measured Movement Behaviors and Functional Capacity in Individuals with Long COVID: A Cross-sectional Multicenter Study
Authors: Rosa-Souza Francisco José , Freire Yuri Alberto , Galliano Leony Morgana , Dalton-Alves Francisco , Pinto Júlio Cesar Barbosa de Lima , Godtsfriedt Carla Elane Silva , Delevatti Rodrigo Sudatti , Gerage Aline Mendes , Rech Cassiano Ricardo , Ritti-Dias Raphael Mendes , Costa Eduardo Caldas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Long COVID has been linked to a decline in physical activity and functional capacity. However, it remains unclear which physical symptoms are associated with specific aspects of movement behaviors and functional capacity. Here we aim to investigate the associations of fatigue, dyspnea, post-exertional malaise, and myalgia with movement behaviors and functional capacity in individuals with Long COVID. An exploratory cross-sectional multicenter study was accomplished with individuals aged 18–75 years with Long COVID. Questionnaires were utilized to assess fatigue, dyspnea, post-exertional malaise, and myalgia. Accelerometry was employed for one week to assess sedentary time, steps per day, light, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The six-minute walk test, 30-s chair stand test, and timed up and go were employed to assess functional capacity. A functional score was calculated by aggregating the results of all tests through Z score. 102 community-dwelling had been living with Long COVID for 15 ± 10 months. Fatigue and post-exertional malaise showed a negative association with step count, while post-exertional malaise was also negatively associated with MVPA. Dyspnea showed a negative association with the functional score. Our findings suggest fatigue and post-exertional malaise were negatively associated with physical activity, while dyspnea showed a negative association with functional capacity.
Neuronal downregulation of PLCG2 impairs synaptic function and elicits Alzheimer disease hallmarks
Authors: Lambert Jean-Charles , Coulon Audrey , Rabiller Florian , Takalo Mari , Roy Avishek , Martiskainen Henna , Siedlecki-Wullich Dolores , Mendes Tiago , Lemeu Celia , carvalho lukas-iohan , erhardt anael , de Farias Ana Melo , Hulsman Marc , najdek chloe , lannette-Weimann Nina , Freire-Regatillo Alejandra , Amouyel Philippe , Charbonnier Camille , Dols-Icardo Oriol , jeskanen heli , willman roosa-maria , kuulasmaa teemu , Kurki Mitja , Hardy John , Heikkinen Sami , Holstege Henne , makinen petra , Nicolas Gael , Mead Simon , Wagner Michael , Ramirez Alfredo , Rauramaa Tuomas , Palotie Aarno , Sims Rebecca , Soininen Hilkka , Swieten John van , Williams Julie , Bellenguez Céline , Grenier-Boley Benjamin , gelle carla , lambert erwan , ayral anne-marie , Delmiautte Florie , costa marcos , deforges severine , Kilinc Devrim , mulle christophe , Chapuis Julien , Hiltunen Mikko , dumont julie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We developed a high content screening to investigate how Alzheimer disease (AD) genetic risk factors may impair synaptic mechanisms in rat primary neuronal cultures. Out of the gene targets identified, we found that shRNA-mediated downregulation of Plcg2 in mouse dentate gyrus neurons consistently impaired dendritic morphology and synaptic function. In human neuronal cultures (hNCs), PLCG2 downregulation also impaired synaptic function and was associated with increased levels of Aβ and Tau phosphorylation, potentially via the AKT/GSK3β axis. Very rare PLCG2 loss-of-functon(LoF) variants were associated with a 10-fold increased AD risk. PLCG2 LoF carriers exhibit low mRNA/protein PLCG2/PLCγ2 levels, consistent with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay mechanisms. Restoring PLCγ2 levels in shPLCG2-hNCs fully reversed the disease-related phenotypes. Our findings indicate that the downregulation of PLCγ2 increases the risk of AD by impairing synaptic function and increasing the levels of Aβ and Tau phosphorylation in neurons.
The Modulatory Influence of Humic Acid on Cognitive Impairment and Neurobehavioral Changes Induced by Colitis in Adult Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Omolaso Blessing Oluwagbamila , Ogunmiluyi Oluwafunmbi Ebenezer , Adeniran Adeoti Gbemisola , Adesanwo Julius Kayode , Akinlaja Divine Olanrewaju 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is regarded as a chronic inflammatory disorder that involves any part of the colon. It typically presents with symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, rectal urgency, and comorbid neuropsychiatric manifestations such as anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. Different drugs are used in the management of ulcerative colitis, including medicinal plants and other substances from organic sources. This study was conducted to investigate the role of humic acid in attenuating neurobehavioral disorders caused by Dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in male Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into groups (n = 5). Group 1[control group]; group 2 [5% Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) without any additional treatment]; group 3 [5% DSS followed by administration of humic acid (30 mg/kg)]; group 4 [5% DSS followed by administration of sulfasalazine (200 mg/kg)].
Behavioral patterns of the rats were assessed pre-colitis induction, immediately after colitis induction on day 5, and immediately after drug treatment of ulcerative colitis (post-treatment). The disease activity index for colitis was obtained on days 1, 3, 5, and 10 of the experimental duration. Thereafter, the colons were harvested for macroscopic assessment of colitis. Data were analyzed using ANOVA at p < 0.05.
Results:Findings revealed that treatment with humic acid significantly attenuated anxiety, depression-like behavior, and cognitive impairment triggered by colitis, with via modulations on the brain enzymatic antioxidants and neurochemicals.
Conclusion:This study shows that humic acid treatment suppresses colitis-induced changes in neurobehavioral patterns and have neuroprotective effects in addition to its gastroprotective properties.
CA125 serum levels in BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic sequence variant carriers as an ovarian cancer screening tool– a longitudinal study
Authors: Feld Dana Mdorsky , Laitman Yael , Albagli Dana , Korach Jacob , Friedman Eitan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BRCA1/BRCA2 female pathogenic sequence variant (PSV) carriers in Israel are offered semiannual CA125 serum level determination and transvaginal ultrasound, until risk reducing salpingooophorectomy (RRSO). The value of longitudinal CA125 measurements in BRCA1/BRCA2 carriers as a tool for ovarian cancer detection is reported herein. Asymptomatic BRCA1/BRCA2 PSV carriers attending the Meirav high risk clinic for > 3 years were eligible. Data on specific PSV, risk reducing surgeries, and cancer diagnoses were obtained from participants' records. Statistical analyses employed χ2 and Wilcoxon-Rank tests. Overall, 739 (399 BRCA1, 336 BRCA2, 4 BRCA1 + BRCA2) PSV carriers were included. Mean age at the start of follow up was 38.96 ± 11.13 years, mean follow up time was 7.93 ± 2.34 years, (5860.80 women/years). Most participants (490/739 − 66.3%) had stable CA125 levels (± 5 U/µl). Of participants, 61 had CA125 levels > 35 U/µl at least twice (n = 42) or at least doubling of marker levels to a minimum of 20 U/µl (n = 19), results that have led to further cancer defining investigations. Of these, 14 and 4 were diagnosed with breast and ovarian cancer, respectively. In conclusion, longitudinally stable CA125 levels were noted in most BRCA1/BRCA2 PSV carriers, elevated levels were a poor marker for ovarian cancer development. .
Enhanced Neural Network Metaheuristic Approach for Optimizing Virtual Machine Deployment in Cloud Data Centers
Authors: Salehi Marziehsadat , Fartash Mehdi , Torkestani Javad Akbari 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In recent years, the optimization of virtual machine placement (VMP) in cloud data centers has emerged as a crucial and complex challenge, garnering considerable attention from researchers. Due to its NP-Hard nature, metaheuristic algorithms have become a popular approach in addressing this problem. These algorithms typically initiate with the random generation of initial solutions, which are then iteratively refined using specific operators to find the optimal solution. Among these algorithms, the Neural Network Algorithm (NNA) stands out as a promising swarm optimization technique known for its strong global search capability, making it well-suited for tackling various intricate optimization tasks. However, NNA often suffers from slow convergence due to its limited exploitation capability, thereby hindering its practical utility in optimization problem-solving. To address this limitation, this study proposes an approach to enhance the convergence speed of NNA while achieving a better balance between exploitation and exploration. Specifically, we adopt a heuristic algorithm to generate initial solutions in a more suitable and less random manner for the VMP problem. Additionally, the search operators of the algorithm are optimized using Cauchy and Lévy distributions. We evaluate the performance of the Improved Biogeography-based Neural Network Algorithm (IBNNA) on synthetic datasets of varying dimensions and compare the results with existing similar algorithms in the literature. The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms other methods in terms of physical machine utilization, convergence rate, and power consumption across most experimental scenarios.
Purchase Intention Model for Hospital Services Based on Islamic Sharia Value in Makassar City
Authors: Anggraeni Rini , Sari Nurmala , Widaningsih Yuyun 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
As a Muslim-majority country, Indonesia has seen an increasing demand for products or services influenced by Islamic values. People want different services and follow the principles they adhere to, including health services. Hospitals with Islamic Sharia Value services are necessary for the Muslim community in Indonesia. However, the number of hospitals, especially those with services according to Islamic Sharia values, is still not widely found. This study aims to develop a purchase intention model for hospital services based on Islamic sharia values in Makassar City. This research was conducted in South Sulawesi Province, especially in Makassar City.
Methods
This research is explanatory, using descriptive survey and explanatory survey methods. Data collection was done cross-sectionally. The sample was determined based on the entire city's population using simple random sampling, which amounted to 970 samples. Data analysis using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling.
Results
The results showed that there are four dimensions forming purchase intention, namely transactional value, preferential value, referential value, and exploratory value. There is a significant direct influence on quality value, economic value, emotional value, social value, and Bugis and Makassar cultural values that form consumer value. There is a significant direct influence on Islamic Facilities, Islamic Medical Services, Islamic Support Services, and Islamic Financing that form Islamic Attributes. There is a significant direct effect of perceived value indicators on purchase intention. Trust has no direct effect on purchase intention. Combining the Islamic Sharia value-based purchase intention model can predict people's buying behaviour and become a new nuance in understanding people's desires for health services, especially in Makassar City.
Conclusions
This study concludes that combining the purchase intention model based on Islamic Sharia values can predict people's buying behaviour and become a new nuance in understanding people's desires for health services, especially in Makassar City. It is recommended that the MUKISI Institution build a network with PERSI to hasten the implementation of Sharia services as a preliminary assessment of Sharia Hospital accreditation.
Folate-targeted albumin modified silica-gelatin hybrid nanocarrier. Synthesis and release characterization
Authors: Niazi Zahra , Ashjari Mohsen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

A novel hybrid of BSA-folate modified silica-gelatin nanocarrier with surface area of about 422 m2/g was designed in the current study and loaded by fluorouracil with 70 % entrapment efficiency. The nanocarrier was evaluated in terms of pH-sensitive release behavior in simulated acidic condition of cancer tissue (pH=5.), and the normal physiological condition of the body (pH=7.4) for 96 h. In vitro drug release from nanocarriers indicated a partial burst release in the early times (34 and 21 % after 12 h in acidic and neutral media), which was followed by a sustained and gradual release profile until 96 h. In addition, an enhanced drug release was observed at acidic pH (65 % after 96 h) compared to natural medium (42 % after 96 h), confirming the pH-responsive behavior of the developed nanocarrier. The MTT assay showed low toxicity of drug-free carrier against normal HDF fibroblast, and the OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. These outcomes support the proper function of designed hybrid nanocarrier in targeted drug delivery.
GASE: Graph Attention Sampling with Edges Fusion for Solving Vehicle Routing Problems
Authors: Wang Zhenwei , Bai Ruibin , Khan Fazlullah , Ozcan Ender , Zhang Tiehua 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Learning-based methods have become increasingly popular for solving vehicle routing problems due to their near-optimal performance and fast inference speed. Among them, the combination of deep reinforcement learning and graph representation allows for the abstraction of node topology structures and features in an encoder-decoder style. Such an approach makes it possible to solve routing problems end-to-end without needing complicated heuristic operators designed by domain experts. Existing research studies have been focusing on novel encoding and decoding structures via various neural network models to enhance the node embedding representation. Despite the sophisticated approaches applied, there is a noticeable lack of consideration for the graph-theoretic properties inherent to routing problems. Moreover, the potential ramifications of inter-nodal interactions on the decision-making efficacy of the models have not been adequately explored. To bridge this gap, we propose an adaptive Graph Attention Sampling with the Edges Fusion framework (GASE), where nodes' embedding is determined through attention calculation from certain highly correlated neighbourhoods and edges, utilizing a filtered adjacency matrix. In detail, the selections of particular neighbours and adjacency edges are led by a multi-head attention mechanism, contributing directly to the message passing and node embedding in graph attention sampling networks. Furthermore, we incorporate an adaptive actor-critic algorithm with policy improvements to expedite the training convergence. We then conduct comprehensive experiments against baseline methods on learning-based VRP tasks from different perspectives. Our proposed model outperforms the existing methods by 2.08%-6.23% and shows stronger generalization ability, achieving state-of-the-art performance on randomly generated instances and real-world datasets.