bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sources contributing to engineering students' academic well‐being: An exploration using the Q methodology
Authors: Chen Juebei , Du Xiangyun , Guerra Aida , da Silva Filipe Miguel Faria , Chaaban Youmen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRecent literature has identified students' academic well‐being as an indicator of their persistence in their current study and competence development. While prior literature has focused on measuring students' academic well‐being from psychological and mental health perspectives, limited studies have explored the ways in which the learning environment provides diverse sources (e.g., supervision and peer support) to support students' academic well‐being.PurposeThis study aims to explore sources that foster students' academic well‐being from the perspective of two different student groups, namely first‐year engineering students and senior engineering students, in a PBL (project‐based learning) environment.MethodThe Q methodology was applied, connecting both qualitative and quantitative research characteristics. Two student groups, including 23 first‐year engineering students and 19 senior engineering students, participated in this study to illustrate various viewpoints of different student groups and offer prospects for analyzing data from a new comparative angle via second‐order factor analysis.ResultsIn the first‐year engineering student group, three viewpoints were identified, namely the emphasis on enjoyment through study–life balance, personal values and aspirations, and academic agency. The senior engineering student group focused on internal sources related to professional development, including two viewpoints pertaining to their goal‐oriented academic development and enactment of agency through self‐management. Practical suggestions are proposed to optimize engineering curriculum design to better support students' academic well‐being.
Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry of 4‐aryl‐3,4‐dihydrocoumarins
Authors: Dias Herbert J. , Santos William H. , Filho Luis C. S. , Crevelin Eduardo J. , McIndoe J. Scott , Vessecchi Ricardo , Crotti Antônio E. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe have investigated the gas‐phase fragmentation reactions of 11 synthetic 4‐aryl‐3,4‐dihydrocoumarins by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS/MS) on a quadrupole‐time‐of flight (Q‐TOF) hybrid mass spectrometer. We have also estimated thermochemical data for the protonated coumarins (precursor ion A) and product ion structures by computational chemistry at a B3LYP level of theory to establish the ion structures and to rationalize the fragmentation pathways. The most abundant ions in the product ion spectra of coumarins 1–11 resulted from C8H8O2, CO2, C4H4O3, C8H10O3, C8H8O2, and CH3OH eliminations through retro‐Diels–Alder (RDA) reactions, remote hydrogen rearrangements (β‐eliminations), and β‐lactone ring contraction. Although the investigated coumarins shared most of the fragmentation pathways, formation of a benzylic product ion and its corresponding tropylium ion was diagnostic of the substituents at ring C. The thermochemical data revealed that the nature and position of the substituents at ring C played a key role in the formation of this product ion and determined its relative intensity in the product ion spectrum. The results of this study contribute to knowledge of the gas‐phase ion chemistry of this important class of organic compounds.
Airflowing as an adjunctive treatment for periodontitis: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Alsuwaidi Salem , Almatrooshi Aisha , Shah Maanas , Hakam Abeer , Tawse‐Smith Andrew , Alsabeeha Nabeel H. M. , Atieh Momen A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgoundThe aim of this randomized controlled trial was to assess clinical and patient‐reported outcomes of subgingival instrumentation (SI) with adjunctive use of erythritol airflowing (EAF) compared to SI alone in the treatment of periodontitis.MethodsTwenty‐six participants with Stage III/IV periodontitis requiring nonsurgical periodontal treatment were randomly allocated into two treatment groups: SI with EAF or SI alone. Clinical parameters of percentage of probing pocket depths (PPDs) of ≥5 mm, full mouth bleeding and plaque scores (FMBS and FMPS), and PPD values were recorded at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months posttreatment. A visual analogue scale was used to evaluate postoperative participants’ perception of pain, swelling, bleeding, bruising, and root sensitivity. The impact of periodontal treatment on quality of life was assessed using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) at six months.ResultsA total of 26 participants with Stage III/IV periodontitis completed the 6‐month follow‐up. SI with or without EAF resulted in a statistically significant reductions in the FMBS, FMPS, PPDs, and percentage of PPDs of ≥5 mm at the 3‐ and 6‐month follow‐up visits. There was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups for any time interval. Participants receiving SI/EAF exhibited a higher reduction in FMBS compared to those in SI alone group at 3 (SI/EAF: 19.4 ± 11.9, SI alone: 30.1 ± 20.5; P = 0.12) and 6 months (SI/EAF: 14.3 ± 9.6, SI alone: 24.5 ± 18.2; P = 0.09). A lower percentage of sites with deep PPDs (≥5 mm) was also noted amongst participants in the SI/EAF group compared to SI alone at 3 months (SI/EAF: 14.3 ± 14.1, SI alone: 19.2 ± 20.3; P = 0.48) and 6 months (SI/EAF: 8.3 ± 10.0, SI alone: 15.4 ± 17.4; P = 0.22). Patient‐reported outcomes showed no significant differences between the two treatment groups, except in the psychosocial domain of the GOHAI at 6 months favoring the SI/EAF group (P = 0.03).ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the study, the adjunctive use of EAF in addition to SI in the treatment of Stage III/IV periodontitis did not result in a significant improvement in clinical parameters. Limited improvement in the QoL with EAF could be achieved.
Comparison of reconstructive techniques for nonprimary malignancies in the proximal humerus
Authors: Sullivan Mikaela H. , Arguello Alexandra M. , Barlow Jonathan D. , Morrey Mark E. , Rose Peter S. , Sanchez‐Sotelo Joaquin , Houdek Matthew T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundEndoprostheses (EPC) are often utilized for reconstruction of the proximal humerus with either hemiarthroplasty (HA) or reverse arthroplasty (RA) constructs. RA constructs have improved outcomes in patients with primary lesions, but no studies have compared techniques in metastatic disease. The aim of this study is to compare functional outcomes and complications between HA and RA constructs in patients undergoing endoprosthetic reconstruction for proximal humerus metastases.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed our institutional arthroplasty database to identify 66 (56% male; 38 HA and 28 RA) patients with a proximal humerus reconstruction for a non‐primary malignancy. The majority (88%) presented with pathologic fracture, and the most common diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma (48%).ResultssPatients with RA reconstructions had better postoperative forward elevation (74° vs. 32°, p < 0.01) and higher functional outcome scores. HA patients had more complications (odds ratio 13, p < 0.01), with instability being the most common complication.ConclusionsPatients with nonprimary malignancies of the proximal humerus had improved functional outcomes and fewer complications after undergoing reconstruction with a reverse EPC compared to a HA EPC. Preference for reverse EPC should be given in patients with good prognosis and ability to complete postoperative rehabilitation.
Seven Days of Voice Rest Post‐phonosurgery Is Not Better than 3 days: A Prospective Randomized Short‐term Outcome Study
Authors: Voloch Liat , Icht Michal , Ben‐David Boaz M. , Carmel Neiderman Narin Nard , Levenberg Guy , Manor Yael , Shpunt Dina , Oestreicher‐Kedem Yael 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of the study is to compare the short‐term effect of 7 versus 3 days of voice rest (VR) on objective vocal (acoustic) parameters following phonosurgery.MethodsA prospective randomized study conducted at a tertiary referral medical center. Patients with vocal fold nodules, polyps, or cysts and scheduled for phonosurgery were recruited from the Voice Clinic. They were randomized into groups of 7‐ or 3‐day postoperative VR periods and their voices were recorded preoperatively and at 4‐week postoperatively. A mixed linear model statistical analysis (MLMSA) was used to compare pre‐ and postoperative jitter, shimmer, harmonic‐to‐noise ratio, and maximum phonation time between the two groups.ResultsSixty‐five patients were recruited, but only 34 fully complied with the study protocol, and their data were included in the final analysis (19 males, 20 females; mean age: 40.6 years; 17 patients in the 7‐day VR group and 16 in the 3‐day VR group). The groups were comparable in age, sex, and type of vocal lesion distribution. The preoperative MLMSA showed no significant group differences in the tested vocal parameters. Both groups exhibited significant (p < 0.05) and comparable improvement in all vocal parameters at postoperative week 4.ConclusionsA VR duration of 7 days showed no greater benefit on the examined vocal parameters than the 3‐day protocol 4‐week postoperatively. Our results suggest that a 3‐day VR regimen can be followed by patients who undergo phonosurgery without compromising the vocal results. Larger‐scale and longer‐duration studies are needed to confirm our findings.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 134:4661–4666, 2024
Laryngeal chondromas: Current knowledge and future directions
Authors: Candelo Estephania , Bohorquez Caballero Anyull D. , Abello‐Vaamonde Jorge A. , Sanz Ana Maria , Lozano Gonzalez Roberta , Chelf Cynthia , Williams Abigail M. , Rutt Amy L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveCartilaginous tumors of the larynx are rare, representing less than 1% of all laryngeal tumors. Chondromas are benign mesenchymal tumors characterized by a slow‐paced growth, primarily originated in the cricoid cartilage, followed by the thyroid, arytenoid, and epiglottic cartilages. This scoping review aims to understand the extent of evidence on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, morbidity, and recurrence of the laryngeal chondroma (LC).Data sourcesMEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Systematic Reviews, Lilacs, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.Review methodsThe scoping review was conducted from 1816 to 2023, for observational studies describing LC. Titles and abstracts were screened for relevance, followed by an evaluation of the full text for eligibility. The data were collected from the qualifying articles, and a narrative summary of the outcomes was prepared.ResultsOne hundred and nineteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Ninety‐four case reports, 22 case series, and 3 cohorts. Two hundred and four participants with a diagnosis of LC were described. Male:female ratio was 2.8:1. The most common localization was the cricoid (113; 47.08%), followed by the thyroid (45; 18.75%), and the arytenoid cartilage (27; 11.25%). Dyspnea (78.85%) and hoarseness (74.28%) were the most reported symptoms. The recurrence rate was 11.25%, and complications were uncommon following the resection.ConclusionThis scoping review found a low‐frequency rate over all the cartilaginous laryngeal tumors. Most patients were treated with resection, with a low rate of malignancy conversion. This population has low attributable mortality, morbidity, and recurrence according to the current literature.
Variation in aerosol generation by surgical modality during oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery
Authors: Sithole S. P. , Kuhn W. , Sibiya L. A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe objectives were to determine the surgical modality with the lowest aerosol and droplets generated by commonly used modalities in oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery.MethodsA simulation of oropharyngeal and laryngeal surgery was set up using fresh sheep heads. Four common surgical modalities were utilized: cold steel, electrocautery, coblation, and microdebrider. The resultant aerosol generated was evaluated using two measurement modalities at two key positions in the theater. (1) DustTrak Pro Aerosol Monitor was used to measure the concentration of particles. (2) Fluorescein dye coated on the oropharynx and larynx, and the resultant scatter on paper.ResultsElectrocautery and coblation produced statistically significant increases in the concentration of aerosols (p < .001). Microdebrider and cold steel instrumentation produced the least aerosols. No measurable fluorescein droplets were noted for all four modalities.ConclusionElectrocautery and coblation produced higher concentrations of aerosols. Mitigation factors should be considered with instruments with increased aerosolization. These modalities show low droplet‐related infection risk.
Efficacy and safety of omega‐3‐acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules in severe hypertriglyceridemia: A randomized, controlled, multicenter study
Authors: Zhao Wang , Wang Yangang , Li Jin , Chen Tao , Yin Delu , Dai Hailong , Yao Zhuhua , Zhao Shuiping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOmega‐3‐acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules (containing 465 mg of eicosapentaenoic acid and 375 mg docosahexaenoic acid) is composed of highly purified omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ethyl esters, whose lipid‐lowering effect for severe hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) treatment is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of omega‐3‐acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules in patients with severe HTG. In this randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, multicenter study, 239 patients with severe HTG were enrolled and randomized (1:1) into omega‐3 group (N = 122) and placebo group (N = 117) to receive 12‐week corresponding treatments. Lipid‐related indexes were obtained at treatment initiation (W0), 4 weeks (W4), W8, and W12 after treatment. Adverse events and adverse drug reactions were recorded. Triacylglycerols (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C), very‐low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL‐C), and apolipoprotein C‐III (Apo C‐III) at W4, W8, and W12 were decreased in the omega‐3 group versus the placebo group (all p < 0.05). Moreover, the percentage changes of TAG, TC, non‐HDL‐C, and VLDL‐C from W0 to W4, W8, and W12, and the percentage change of Apo C‐III from W0 to W4 and W8, were more obvious in the omega‐3 group compared with the placebo group (all p < 0.05). However, no difference was observed in the percentage changes of HDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), and LDL‐C/HDL‐C ratio during follow‐up between groups (all p > 0.05). Additionally, there was no discrepancy in adverse events and adverse drug reactions between groups (all p > 0.05). Omega‐3‐acid ethyl acetate 90 capsules exhibit satisfied lipid‐lowering effect with tolerable safety profile in patients with severe HTG.
How to select green technology acquisition paths for enterprises: An analysis based on evolutionary game theory
Authors: Ning Jing , Zheng Yin , Yu Cheng , Li Zhigang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs an important method of reducing pollution, green technology innovation (GTI) is receiving more attention. However, facing the challenges in conducting GTI, it is crucial for enterprises to find the optimal path to acquire green technology. This paper investigates how high‐pollution manufacturing enterprises make decisions on independent innovation and green technology introduction under government intervention and public involvement. The influences of other factors, such as media attention and product market competition, have also been considered in the tripartite evolutionary game model. The simulation after applying MATLAB indicates that government intervention and public participation have a significant impact on the decision‐making of green technology acquisition paths for enterprises. Government subsidies and penalties are important policy tools for enterprises to make decisions on the selection of green technology acquisition paths. Meanwhile, reputational incentives or losses brought from public involvement are also essential in encouraging government intervention and green technology acquisition of enterprises. Finally, the extent to which the changes in various influencing factors affect the selection of enterprises' green technology acquisition paths have been tested and simulated. This paper aims to provide policy implications for governments, as well as decision‐making strategies for enterprises that urgently require green transition to achieve sustainable development.
Technical Note: Swing golden angle – A navigator‐interleaved golden angle trajectory with eddy current suppression – Application in free‐running cardiac MRI
Authors: Li Zhongsen , Sun Aiqi , Liu Chuyu , Sun Haozhong , Wei Haining , Wang Shuai , Li Rui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundGolden angle (GA) radial trajectory is advantageous for dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, several advanced algorithms have been developed based on navigator‐interleaved GA trajectory to realize free‐running cardiac MRI. However, navigator‐interleaved GA trajectory suffers from the eddy‐current effect, which reduces the image quality.PurposeThis work aims to integrate the navigator‐interleaved GA trajectory with clinical cardiac MRI acquisition, with the minimum eddy‐current artifacts. The ultimate goal is to realize a high‐quality free‐running cardiac imaging technique.MethodsIn this paper, we propose a new “swing golden angle” (swingGA) radial profile order. SwingGA samples the k‐space by rotating back and forth at the generalized golden ratio interval, with smoothly interleaved navigator readouts. The sampling efficiency and angle increment distributions were investigated by numerical simulations. Static phantom imaging experiments were conducted to evaluate the eddy current effect, compared with cartesian, golden angle radial (GA), and tiny golden angle (tGA) trajectories. Furthermore, 12 heart‐healthy subjects (aged 21–25 years) were recruited for free‐running cardiac imaging with different sampling trajectories. Dynamic images were reconstructed by a low‐rank subspace‐constrained algorithm. The image quality was evaluated by signal‐to‐noise‐ratio and spectrum analysis in the heart region, and compared with traditional clinical cardiac MRI images.ResultsSwingGA pattern achieves the highest sampling efficiency (mSE > 0.925) and the minimum azimuthal angle increment (mAD < 1.05). SwingGA can effectively suppress eddy currents in static phantom images, with the lowest normalized root mean square error (nRMSE) values among radial trajectories. For the in‐vivo cardiac images, swingGA enjoys the highest SNR both in the blood pool and myocardium, and contains the minimum level of high‐frequency artifacts. The free‐running cardiac images have good consistency with traditional clinical cardiac MRI, and the swingGA sampling pattern achieves the best image quality among all sampling patterns.ConclusionsThe proposed swingGA sampling pattern can effectively improve the sampling efficiency and reduce the eddy currents for the navigator‐interleaved GA sequence. SwingGA is a promising sampling pattern for free‐running cardiac MRI.
Tolerability and first hints for potential efficacy of motor‐cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia in health and neuropsychiatric disorders: A translational viewpoint
Authors: Mennen Svea‐Solveig , Franta Maren , Begemann Martin , Wilke Justus B. H. , Schröder Roman , Butt Umer Javed , Cortés‐Silva Jonathan‐Alexis , Çakır Umut , Güra Marie , de Marées Markus , Gastaldi Vinicius Daguano , Burtscher Johannes , Schanz Julie , Bohn Matthias , Burtscher Martin , Fischer Andreas , Poustka Luise , Hammermann Peter , Stadler Markus , Lühder Fred , Singh Manvendra , Nave Klaus‐Armin , Miskowiak Kamilla Woznica , Ehrenreich Hannelore 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHypoxia is more and more perceived as pivotal physiological driving force, allowing cells in the brain and elsewhere to acclimate to lowered oxygen (O2), and abridged metabolism. The mediating transcription program is induced by inspiratory hypoxia but also by intensive motor‐cognitive tasks, provoking a relative decrease in O2 in relation to the acutely augmented requirement. We termed this fundamental, demand‐dependent drop in O2 availability “functional hypoxia.” Major players in the hypoxia response are hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) and associated prolyl‐hydroxylases. HIFs are transcription factors, stabilized by low O2 accessibility, and control expression of a multitude of genes. Changes in oxygen, however, can also be sensed via other pathways, among them the thiol‐oxidase (2‐aminoethanethiol) dioxygenase. Considering the far‐reaching biological response to hypoxia, hitherto mostly observed in rodents, we initiated a translational project, combining mild to moderate inspiratory with functional hypoxia. We had identified this combination earlier to benefit motor‐cognitive attainment in mice. A total of 20 subjects were included: 13 healthy individuals and 7 patients with depression and/or autism spectrum disorder. Here, we show that motor‐cognitive training under inspiratory hypoxia (12% O2) for 3.5 h daily over 3 weeks is optimally tolerated. We present first signals of beneficial effects on general well‐being, cognitive performance, physical fitness and psychopathology. Erythropoietin in serum increases under hypoxia and flow cytometry analysis of blood reveals several immune cell types to be mildly modulated by hypoxia. To obtain reliable information regarding the “add‐on” value of inspiratory on top of functional hypoxia, induced by motor‐cognitive training, a single‐blind study—with versus without inspiratory hypoxia—is essential and outlined here.
RNAi‐mediated knockdown of papilin gene affects the egg hatching in Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Zhang Chao , Zhang Jin‐Yi , Wang Ni , Abou El‐Ela Amr S. , Shi Zhe‐Yi , You Yuan‐Zheng , Ali Soomro Abid , Zhou Wen‐Wu , Zhu Zeng‐Rong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most destructive pests of rice. Owing to the rapid adaptation of BPH to many pesticides and resistant varieties, identifying putative gene targets for developing RNA interference (RNAi)‐based pest management strategies has received much attention for this pest. The glucoprotein papilin is the most abundant component in the basement membranes of many organisms, and its function is closely linked to development.RESULTSIn this study, we identified a papilin homologous gene in BPH (NlPpn). Quantitative Real‐time PCR analysis showed that the transcript of NlPpn was highly accumulated in the egg stage. RNAi of NlPpn in newly emerged BPH females caused nonhatching phenotypes of their eggs, which may be a consequence of the maldevelopment of their embryos. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis identified 583 differentially expressed genes between eggs from the dsGFP‐ and dsNlPpn‐treated insects. Among them, the ‘structural constituent of cuticle’ cluster ranked first among the top 15 enriched GO terms. Consistently, ultrastructural analysis unveiled that dsNlPpn‐treated eggs displayed a discrete and distorted serosal endocuticle lamellar structure. Furthermore, the hatchability of BPH eggs was also successfully reduced by the topical application of NlPpn‐dsRNA‐layered double hydroxide nanosheets onto the adults.CONCLUSIONOur findings demonstrate that NlPpn is essential to maintaining the regular structure of the serosal cuticle and the embryonic development in BPH, indicating NlPpn could be a potential target for pest control during the egg stage. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.