bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress Echocardiography by the ABCDE Protocol ln the Assessment of Prognosis of Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Zhuravleva O. A. , Ryabova T. R. , Vrublevsky A. V. , Svyazova N. N. , Margolis N. Y. , Boshchenko A. A. 
Published: May 2024

Aim. To assess the role of clinical indicators and parameters of stress echocardiography performed according to an extended protocol as predictors for the occurrence of a composite cardiovascular endpoint (CCVEP) in IHD.Material and methods. The study included 186 patients (60.2% men, mean age 60.6±9.9 years) with an established (n=73; 39.2%) and suspected (60.8%) diagnosis of IHD. Stress EchoCG with adenosine triphosphate (38.2%), transesophageal pacing (15.1%), dobutamine (2.6%), and bicycle ergometry on a recumbent ergometer (44.1%) was performed. The stress EchoCG protocol included assessment of regional wall motion abnormalities (WMA), B-lines, LV contractile reserve (CTR), coronary reserve (CR), and heart rate reserve. The median follow-up period was 13 [9; 20] months. The composite CCVEP included death from cardiovascular diseases and their complications, acute coronary syndrome, and revascularization and was defined at the first of these events. Statistical analysis was performed with the Statistica 16.0 and SPSS Statistics 23.0 software packages. Differences were considered statistically significant at p<0.05.Results. Invasive or noninvasive coronary angiography was performed in 90.3% of patients; obstructive coronary disease (stenosis ≥50%) was detected in 67.9% of cases. During the follow-up period, 58 (31.2%) patients had cardiovascular complications. The risk of developing CCVEP was associated with the pretest probability (PTP) of ischemic heart disease (odds ratio, OR, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.02-1.08), dyslipidemia (DLP) (OR 0.40; 95% CI 0.20-0.82), carotid atherosclerosis (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.18-0.86), LV ejection fraction (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93-0.99), appearance at peak stress of new significant (2 LV segments or more) regional WMAs (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.18-6.55), decreased LV CTR (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.27-0.79) and CR (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.18-0.61); p<0.05 for all. In a multivariate analysis with Cox regression, the model with clinical indicators included PTP of IHD (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01-1.07; p=0.01) and DLP (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.02-1.01; p=0.05) as predictors. The model with stress EchoCG parameters included the appearance of new significant WMAs (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.16-0.65; p=0.001) and reduced <2.0 CR (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.24-0.82; p=0.01). A comparative analysis of Kaplan-Meier curves confirmed statistically significant differences in the dynamics of the CCVEP occurrence depending on the absence or presence of hemodynamically significant WMAs and/or reduced CR during stress EchoCG (p<0.01).Conclusion. Reduced LV CR and WMA during stress EchoCG in patients with suspected or confirmed IHD are significant independent predictors for the CCVEP occurrence. Among clinical indicators, PTP of IHD and DLP are of the greatest importance for prognosis.
El impacto de la tecnología en la educación
Authors: Foina Paulo Rogério 
Published: May 2024

La tecnología ha tenido un impacto en toda la sociedad, no sólo por los benefi cios en términos de comodidad y aumento de la productividad, sino también y sobre todo por cambiar las relaciones humanas y la forma de ejercer el poder. Estamos en un momento de transición en el que coexisten prácticas, conceptos y valores de siglos pasados con comportamientos, valores y estructuras del siglo XXI. Esta coexistencia, que no siempre es pacífi ca, es el mayor reto al que se enfrentan a diario los actores políticos de la sociedad (incluidos los profesores y los operadores educativos).
Delimitación y mitigación de determinadas lagunas de aprendizaje y enseñanza
Authors: Alvares Lillian Maria Araujo de Rezende , Santos Marcello José Barbosa dos 
Published: May 2024

Explora los complejos retos, los problemas persistentes y los contratiempos inesperados que encierra el ecosistema educativo y que conducen inevitablemente a lagunas en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje. Analiza en toda su amplitud la cadena de su aparición, pasando a averiguar cuáles son las causas de tales defi ciencias y qué medidas pueden adoptarse para evitar que se produzcan. Introduce brevemente las teorías del aprendizaje, siguiendo con las aportaciones de los grandes pensadores de la educación, en particular David Paul Ausubel (1918-2008), con su aprendizaje signifi cativo, y algunos modelos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, en particular el A systems framework of the teaching/learning process model de William G. Huitt (1995). Por otra parte, trae a colación los constructos de la enseñanza, destacando que el proceso se refi ere al fl ujo de conocimientos del profesor al alumno, o en términos amplios, del profesor al alumno, del educador al alumno. Trae a colación a John Dewey (1859-1952), el educador que defendió la necesidad de una enseñanza contextualizada y orientada a los intereses individuales de los alumnos. La obra concluye considerando los principales motores de la educación del siglo XXI y termina proponiendo algunas iniciativas para paliar los problemas.
Az Ómagyar Mária-siralom scriptoráról – avagy következtetések egy „biografikus tárgy” nyomán
Authors: Haader Lea 
Published: May 2024

A tanulmány a Leuveni kódex felfedezésének centenáriuma alkalmából az Ómagyar Mária-siralom kezének scriptori arcképét kísérli meg rekonstruálni, amennyire ez hét évszázad távolából lehetséges.Megállapításai azon a tudós szövegkritikai kiadáson alapulnak, amelyet Vizkelety András készített 2004-ben.
Corallopyronin B Antibiotic Construct from Heterogeneous Soil Environments in Egypt
Authors: Kassab Mohammed MahmoudShawky 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Antibiotic resistance is an urgent issue everywhere in the globe. It is necessary to look into new sources of antibiotics to address this issue.
Aim of the study:
studying the purification of Corallopyronin B from various soil conditions in Egypt, as well as the antibacterial effectiveness of Corallopyronin B in preclinical animal testing and randomized human clinical trials phases 1/2.
Type of the study:
Screening experimental study.
Methodology:
Several soil conditions in Egypt were examined to create bacterial isolates that generated the antibiotic chemical Corallopyronin B. Using reversed-phase HPLC, Myxopyronin B was purified. The test antibiotic&#039;s minimum inhibitory concentration( MIC) and in vitro antibacterial activity were ascertained using the paper disc diffusion assay and the broth microdilution technique. Furthermore, in stages 1/2 of randomized clinical trials including human and animal models, pharmacokinetics, adverse drug reactions, and the in vivo antibacterial spectrum were discovered.
Results:
The soil bacterial isolate Corallococcus coralloides DSM 2259, grown on a Casein yeast peptone( CYP) plate, produced Corallopyronin B from its culture supernatant. At MICs more than 100 mcg/ml, the test antibiotic inhibited the growth of many Gram -ve bacteria, including Escherichia coli, while preventing the growth of numerous Gram +ve bacteria, with MICs ranging from 1 to 10 mcg/ml. Eukaryotic cells, on the other hand, including those in humans and fungi, were unharmed. The test antibiotic was shown to have a bactericidal effect by inhibiting bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase( RNLP).
In phases 1/2 of randomized human clinical trials, when 600 mg of the dose per 70 kg of body weight was administered SC, the Cmax was 8.6 mcg/ml at Tmax 1 hour; T1/2 reached 136 min following first-order kinetics of elimination. It stopped acting around 6-7 hours after SC was administered. In the preclinical and randomized human clinical trial phases 1/2, less than 6 percent of experimental candidates had uncommon toxicity, showing reduced bile flow. Protein binding with plasma albumin was detected which reached about 83%.
Conclusion:
The current work was noteworthy since it involved the production of the bactericidal antibiotic Corallopyronin B from Corallococcus coralloides DSM 2259 which was isolated from several soil environments in Egypt.
Strategies for DPYD Testing Prior to Fluoropyrimidine Chemotherapy in the United States
Authors: Tracksdorf Tabea , Smith D. Max , Pearse Skyler , Cicali Emily J , Aquilante Christina L , Scott Stuart A. , Ho Teresa T , Patel Jai N , Hicks J. Kevin , Hertz Daniel L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Patients with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency are at high risk for severe and fatal toxicity from fluoropyrimidine (FP) chemotherapy. Pre-treatment DPYD testing is standard of care in many countries, but not the United States (US). This survey assessed pre-treatment DPYD testing approaches in the US to identify best practices for broader adoption.
Methods
From August to October 2023, a 22-item QualtricsXM survey was sent to institutions and clinicians known to conduct pre-treatment DPYD testing and broadly distributed through relevant organizations and social networks. Responses were analyzed using descriptive analysis.
Results
Responses from 24 unique US sites that have implemented pre-treatment DPYD testing or have a detailed implementation plan in place were analyzed. Only 33% of sites ordered DPYD testing for all FP-treated patients; at the remaining sites, patients were tested depending on disease characteristics or clinician preference. Almost 50% of sites depend on individual clinicians to remember to order testing without the assistance of electronic alerts or workflow reminders. DPYD testing was most often conducted by commercial laboratories that tested for at least the 4 or 5 DPYD variants considered clinically actionable. Approximately 90% of sites reported receiving results within 10 days of ordering.
Conclusion
Implementing DPYD testing into routine clinical practice is feasible and requires a coordinated effort among the healthcare team. These results will be used to develop best practices for the clinical adoption of DPYD testing to prevent severe and fatal toxicity in cancer patients receiving FP chemotherapy.
The Causal Relationship between Obesity and Myasthenia Gravis: A Two-Sample and Multivariate Study
Authors: Yang Mingni , Li Miaoduan , Yang Yiqiang , Song Yehua , Peng Ruiqiang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Observational studies have identified a correlation between obesity and myasthenia gravis. Nonetheless, the causality of this relationship is debated. To address this, we employed Two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to investigate the causal influences of obesity-related metrics on myasthenia gravis and its subtypes.
Methods
We retrieved the summary statistics of exposure-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from publicly available genome-wide association study abstracts, and the aggregate data of myasthenia gravis and its subtypes came from the largest genome-wide association studies, to conduct univariate and multivariate MR analyses. In the primary MR analysis, we used the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, followed by weighted median, mode-based estimation, and MR-Egger regression. We further assessed the robustness of the results through a series of sensitivity analyses including MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) test to detect the stability of the outcomes. Reverse MR analysis was also performed.
Results
Analysis revealed that obesity-related body composition metrics were initially linked to a heightened risk of myasthenia gravis. However, subsequent adjustments revealed that only hip circumference (Inverse Variance Weighted Odds Ratio (IVW OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.71, P < 0.001) and whole body fat mass (IVW OR = 1.60, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.09, P < 0.001) exerted a significant detrimental causal effect on myasthenia gravis. In contrast, other obesity-related metrics did not demonstrate an increased risk for Late-Onset Myasthenia Gravis (LOMG) (IVW OR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.22 to 2.24, P = 0.001), nor did obesity correlate with an increased risk of Early-Onset Myasthenia Gravis (EOMG). Further adjustments for genetic predisposition to diabetes in the multivariate analysis affirmed the significant association between hip circumference, whole body fat mass, and both types of myasthenia gravis. Additionally, reverse Mendelian Randomization analysis indicated that EOMG might elevate the risk associated with arm and leg fat mass.
Conclusion
Our findings reinforce the concept that obesity detrimentally influences myasthenia gravis, underscoring the imperative of incorporating obesity management into therapeutic strategies for this condition. Prospective investigations are essential to delineate the efficacy of obesity intervention in the prophylaxis of myasthenia gravis.
PRMT6 facilitates EZH2 protein stability by inhibiting TRAF6-mediated ubiquitination degradation to promote glioblastoma cell invasion and migration
Authors: Wang Ji , Shen Shiquan , You Jian , Wang Zhaotao , Li Yan , Chen Yanming , Tuo Yonghua , Chen Danmin , Yu Haoming , Zhang Jingbo , Wang Fangran , Pang Xiao , Xiao Zongyu , Lan Qing , Wang Yezhong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Invasion and migration are the key hallmarks of cancer, and aggressive growth is a major factor contributing to treatment failure and poor prognosis in glioblastoma. Protein arginine methyltransferase 6 (PRMT6), as an epigenetic regulator, has been confirmed to promote the malignant proliferation of GBM cells in previous studies. However, the effects of PRMT6 on GBM cell invasion and migration and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that PRMT6 functions as a driver element for tumor cell invasion and migration in glioblastoma. Bioinformatics analysis and glioma sample detection results demonstrated that PRMT6 is highly expressed in mesenchymal subtype or invasive gliomas, and is significantly negatively correlated with their prognosis. Inhibition of PRMT6 (using PRMT6 shRNA or inhibitor EPZ020411) reduces GBM cell invasion and migration in vitro, whereas overexpression of PRMT6 produces opposite effects. Then, we identified that PRMT6 maintains the protein stability of EZH2 by inhibiting the degradation of EZH2 protein, thereby mediating the invasion and migration of GBM cells. Further mechanistic investigations found that PRMT6 inhibits the transcription of TRAF6 by activating the histone methylation mark (H3R2me2a), and reducing the interaction between TRAF6 and EZH2 to enhance the protein stability of EZH2 in GBM cells. Xenograft tumor assay and HE staining results showed that the expression of PRMT6 could promote the invasion of GBM cells in vivo, the immunohistochemical staining results of mouse brain tissue tumor sections also confirmed the regulatory relationship between PRMT6, TRAF6, and EZH2. Our findings illustrate that PRMT6 suppresses TRAF6 transcription via H3R2me2a to enhance the protein stability of EZH2 to facilitate GBM cell invasion and migration. Blocking the PRMT6-TRAF6-EZH2 axis is a promising strategy for inhibiting GBM cell invasion and migration.
Prevalence of Anodyspareunia and its Impact on Daily Life in a Population of Men Who Have Receptive Anal Sex: an Observational Study
Authors: Corral Javier , Gené-Škrabec Clara , Piqueras Ana , Bailón Lucía , Suñer Clara , Gámez Esther , Vela Sandra , Parés David 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Sexual dysfunctions (SD) may play a pivotal role in individuals' lives, impacting behaviour, lifestyle, and their ability to cope with challenges. Our aim was to analyze prevalence of anodispareunia (AD) as an important SD in Gay and Bisexual Men who have sex with Men (GB-MSM) in our environment and the factors that may influence the fact of not seeking attention.
Methods
A total of 3,629 GB-MSM participated in this cross-sectional study, recruited through an internet survey from February to April 2023.
Results
The study reveals a prevalence of pain during receptive anal intercourse (RAI) of 85.7%. Within the past 6 months, 66.8% of the participants reported experiencing pain during RAI, and 50.1% after RAI. A notable subset experienced high (7.9%) or very high (2.6%) levels of AD.
Conclusion
The findings highlight the importance of addressing AD as a critical health issue for GB-MSM and offers practical implications for healthcare professionals and policymakers. Future investigations should explore treatment for AD.
Integrated Text - Model Generation – Simulation – Machine Learning Framework for Developing a Temperature Field Model of 3-Side Protection Steel Beam
Authors: Li Yang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Automating the modelling and simulation process benefits all related areas, such as research, design, manufacturing and especially the training of machine learning models. This approachsignificantly improves the modelling efficiency and speed, providing scalability in data generation, which motivates the discovery of new patterns. In addition, consistency and reproducibility through unified modellingmethods improve accuracy by eliminating manual mistakes in repetitive processes. Machine learning provides an efficient approach foraccessing large-scale simulation data and providing insights into unknown circumstances. Three-sided protection steel beams arecommon yet rarely investigated section types in offshore oil platforms. With the top side of the upper flange exposed to fire, large convective and radiative heat fluxes are induced, leading to a rapidly descending temperature diagram along the web. The increase in thelever arm caused by the decrease in the elastic neutral axis under this temperature distribution and the decrease in the elasticity of the compressed flange cause earlier lateral torsional buckling failure compared to that of the 4-sided protection beam. To provide a close temperature profile, an integrated framework automating modelling, simulation, data processing and machining learning sequence using the ABAQUS kernel scripting method, Python and MATLAB is proposed. The modelling method automates the model generation process with inputs from a parameter text file and establishes restraints using the edge contact-detection algorithm for unusual shapes. Second, the model files (.inp) are submitted to ABAQUS, and MATLAB controls the simulation process. The output data are extracted and written into .csv files. Third, the extracted data are divided by Python code into data batches and fed to machine learning models for training. All IPE, universal beam sections and 54 weldedsections from a realistic oil processing structure with different protection limits are tested with the protection thicknesses calibrated with an optimisation program with a 5 °C allowance. The gradient boosting method achieves a root mean square error of 1.34 °C compared to the simulation results. The calculation time of the developed software with a graphical user interface is also tested with various numbersof temperature points and output intervals.
Knowledge and Attitude of Final Year Medical Students, Bahri &amp; Khartoum Universities, Toward Palliative Care , 2022
Authors: Ahmed Assmaa Hashim Ali , Hussein Ola Sharafeldin Mohamed Elhassan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Many people worldwide need palliative care for different diseases, such as HIV/AIDS, cancer, and SLE. This need for palliative care must be met by proper training in this field at the undergraduate level, to improve future doctors’ knowledge and skills. Doctors and hospitals worldwide are not adequately equipped to manage palliative care, especially the psychosocial aspect that patients at the end of life may face, and medical schools are not adequately addressing palliative care in their curriculum. This research aimed to study the knowledge and attitude of final-year medical students at Bahri and Khartoum universities toward palliative care. Method and Materials: A self-administered questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge and attitude of final-year medical students toward palliative care and assess the methods of teaching it in the medical curriculum. The questionnaire is composed of three parts: knowledge, attitude, and teaching methods questions. The questionnaire was distributed online to final-year medical students at both the University of Bahri and the University of Khartoum in Sudan. Results: Out of 568 medical students enrolled in the two universities, 259 responded. The overall knowledge of the students was found to be good, with 73% of the students answering more than half of the questions correctly. The students were found to have a poor attitude toward palliative care, with a mean score of 3.84. The majority of the students reported taking palliative care as a topic and agreed that it is mandatory to include palliative care in the medical curriculum. Those who saw palliative care as mandatory were found to have good knowledge and attitudes toward it. Conclusion: Medical students' knowledge about palliative care is good. However, their attitude toward it is poor. Palliative care is approached in the two medical schools as a topic. The two universities should consider addressing this poor attitude in the medical curriculum.
Neurofeedback modulation of insula activity via MEG-based brain-machine interface: A double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial
Authors: Yanagisawa Takufumi , Wang Yuhao , Fukuma Ryohei , Seymour Ben , Yang Huixiang , Kishima Haruhiko 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Insula activity has often been linked to pain perception, making it a potential target for therapeutic neuromodulation strategies such as neurofeedback. However, it is not known whether insula activity is under cognitive control and, if so, whether this activity is consequently causally related to pain. Here, we conducted a double-blind randomized controlled crossover trial to test the modulation of insula activity and pain thresholds using neurofeedback training. Nineteen healthy subjects underwent neurofeedback training for upmodulation and downmodulation of right insula activity using our magnetoencephalography (MEG) based brain–machine interface. We observed significant differences in insula activity between the upmodulation and downmodulation training sessions. Furthermore, resting-state insula activity significantly decreased following downmodulation training compared to following upmodulation training. Compared with upmodulation training, downmodulation training was also associated with increased pain thresholds, albeit with no significant interaction effect. These findings show that humans can cognitively modulate insula activity as a potential route to develop therapeutic MEG neurofeedback systems for clinical testing.