bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ancestral expression patterns and evolutionary diversification of YABBY genes in angiosperms
Authors: Yamada Toshihiro , Yokota Shin’ya , Hirayama Yumiko , Imaichi Ryoko , Kato Masahiro , Gasser Charles S. 
Published: March 2011

SummaryLateral organ growth in seed plants is controlled in part by members of the YABBY (YAB) and class III homeodomain/leucine zipper (HD‐ZIPIII) families of transcription factors. HD‐ZIPIII genes appear to play a conserved role in such organs, but YAB genes have diversified, with some members of the family having specialized functions in leaves, carpels or ovule integuments. The ancestral expression patterns and timing of divergence of the various classes of YAB genes remain to be established. We isolated and evaluated the expression of one HD‐ZIPIII and five YAB genes representing the five major YAB gene classes from Cabomba caroliniana, a member of the earliest‐diverging angiosperms. Consistent with observations in eudicots, the FILAMENTOUS FLOWER (FIL) and YABBY5 (YAB5) genes of C. caroliniana were expressed in the abaxial regions of the leaf where new laminar segments arise, and the patterns of expression were mutually exclusive to those of HD‐ZIPIII, indicating that these expression patterns are ancestral. Expression of CRABS CLAW (CRC) in the abaxial carpel wall, and of INNER NO OUTER (INO) in the abaxial outer integument of ovules was also conserved between eudicots and C. caroliniana, indicating that these patterns are primitive. However, the CRC gene was also expressed in other floral organs in C. caroliniana, and expression in stamens was also observed in another early‐diverging species, Amborella trichopoda, indicating that carpel‐specific expression was acquired after divergence of the Nymphaeales. The expression data and phylogeny for YAB genes suggest that the ancestral YAB gene was expressed in proliferating tissues of lateral organs.
CUP‐SHAPED COTYLEDON1 transcription factor activates the expression of LSH4 and LSH3, two members of the ALOG gene family, in shoot organ boundary cells
Authors: Takeda Seiji , Hanano Keiko , Kariya Ayano , Shimizu Satoko , Zhao Li , Matsui Minami , Tasaka Masao , Aida Mitsuhiro 
Published: March 2011

SummaryThe establishment of organ boundaries is a fundamental process for proper morphogenesis in multicellular organisms. In plants, the shoot meristem repetitively forms organ primordia from its periphery, and boundary cells are generated between them to separate their cellular fates. The genes CUP‐SHAPED COTYLEDON1 (CUC1) and CUC2, which encode plant‐specific NAC transcription factors, play central roles in establishment of the shoot organ boundaries in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here we show that CUC1 protein activates expression of LIGHT‐DEPENDENT SHORT HYPOCOTYLS 4 (LSH4) and its homolog LSH3 in shoot organ boundary cells. Both genes encode nuclear proteins of the Arabidopsis LSH1 and Oryza G1 (ALOG) family, the members of which are widely conserved in land plants. Expression of LSH4 and LSH3 is detected in the boundary cells of various shoot organs, such as cotyledons, leaves and floral organs, and requires the activity of CUC1 and CUC2. Experiments using the glucocorticoid receptor system indicate that transcription of LSH4 and LSH3 is directly up‐regulated by CUC1. Constitutive expression of LSH4 in the shoot apex causes inhibition of leaf growth in the vegetative phase, and formation of extra shoots or shoot organs within a flower in the reproductive phase. Together, our results indicate that CUC1 directly activates transcription of the nuclear factor genes LSH4 and LSH3, which may suppress organ differentiation in the boundary region.
Quality of life of dogs with skin disease and of their owners. Part 2: administration of a questionnaire in various skin diseases and correlation to efficacy of therapy
Authors: Noli Chiara , Colombo Silvia , Cornegliani Luisa , Ghibaudo Giovanni , Persico Paola , Vercelli Antonella , Galzerano Mario 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA previously validated 15‐item questionnaire on dogs’ life quality (QoL1) and that of their owners (QoL2) was applied in a multicentre study to owners of 200 dogs with different dermatological conditions, together with a question on the owner‐perceived disease severity (S). Factor analysis was applied to the whole questionnaire. The correlation of S with QoL1 and QoL2 scores was evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation tests. Owner sex, age, educational level and willingness to pay for a potential definitive cure of the disease were recorded, and compared with quality of life (QoL) scores. In 23 atopic dogs, CADESI‐03, pruritus Visual Analogue Scale and QoL scores were obtained before and after therapy, and their correlation was evaluated with linear regression. Factor analysis revealed that three factors (S, QoL1 and QoL2) explained 75% of the variance. Owner‐perceived severity correlated significantly with QoL1 and QoL2 (P = 0.002 and P = 0.015, respectively). The five diseases with the worst QoL scores were scabies, pododermatitis, complicated atopic dermatitis, pemphigus foliaceus and endocrine alopecia. Pruritic diseases did not give significantly higher QoL1 or QoL2 scores compared with nonpruritic diseases (P = 0.19, Kruskall–Wallis test). Owner sex, age or educational level did not influence QoL scores. Female sex, a younger age and a higher educational level were significantly associated with more willingness to pay. In atopic dogs, all the scores decreased after therapy, but post‐treatment CADESI‐03 and Visual Analogue Scale scores did not correlate with QoL1 and QoL2. Questions related to the burden of maintenance therapy showed the lowest improvements in score.
A severely immunocompromised child with uncomplicated oseltamivir‐resistant 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza infection
Authors: Hyle Emily P. , Shu Bo , Lindstrom Stephen , Klimov Alexander , Hancock Kathy , Ferraro Mary J. , Traum Avram Z. , Michelow Ian C. 
Published: March 2011

Hyle EP, Shu B, Lindstrom S, Klimov A, Hancock K, Ferraro MJ, Traum AZ, Michelow IC. A severely immunocompromised child with uncomplicated oseltamivir‐resistant 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza infection.Abstract:  2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza was associated with increased risk for severe disease in children and the immunosuppressed. We report a case of uncomplicated pneumonia because of infection with oseltamivir‐resistant 2009 H1N1 virus in an immunosuppressed pediatric renal transplant patient. Innate immunity and/or altered viral fitness may be responsible for the mild clinical phenotype of the case.
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia and Kimura's disease coexisting in the same patient: Evidence for a spectrum of disease
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Kun , Ren Jun , Wang Xiao‐Hui , Li Xin‐Sheng , Zhang Hai‐Ping , Zeng Kang 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThe relationship between angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (ALHE) and Kimura's disease has always been contentious. Initially, ALHE and Kimura's disease were thought to be conditions within the same disease spectrum, but it is now widely accepted that they are two separate disease entities. The two lesions may coexist in one patient. Thus, ALHE and Kimura's disease may be different manifestations of the one disease.
Health‐related quality of life and its promotion among multiple sclerosis patients in Finland
Authors: Heiskanen Satu , Vickrey Barbara , Pietilä Anna‐Maija 
Published: March 2011

Heiskanen S, Vickrey B, Pietilä A‐M. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 187–194 Health‐related quality of life and its promotion among multiple sclerosis patients in Finland The aim of this study was to measure the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of Finnish multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and importance and adequacy of existing psychosocial services as reported by MS patients. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire of 100 adults in Finland diagnosed with MS 2–4 years earlier. Response rate was 81%. The data were analysed using statistical analyses. Results show the need for psychosocial support related significant reduction in HRQOL at an early stage of MS. In addition, results indicated considerable gaps between MS patients' perceptions of the importance and perceived adequacy of support.
Influences on parents' decisions when determining whether their child is sick and what they do about it: A pilot study
Authors: Winskill Rhonda , Keatinge Diana , Hancock Stephen 
Published: March 2011

Winskill R, Keatinge D, Hancock S. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 126–132 Influences on parents' decisions when determining whether their child is sick and what they do about it: A pilot study Parents frequently find it difficult to decide whether their child is sick, how sick their child is, and if and when they should seek medical advice. The presence of fever appears to be one influence, less is known about other behaviours, signs and symptoms which might guide parents' decisions. This exploratory descriptive pilot study aimed to gain an understanding of the factors parents monitor when determining if their previously well child is becoming unwell and how they respond to their child's developing acute illness. Twenty‐five parents participated in the study. The findings indentified parents frequently focus on deviations from normal behaviour and other signs and symptoms, not just fever. Parents are capable of assessing and identifying illness and its severity and should be credited for appropriate use of the emergency department because they appear to make every effort to consult their general practitioner first.
Needlestick and sharps injuries among Turkish nursing students: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Irmak Zohre , Baybuga Media S. 
Published: March 2011

Irmak Z, Baybuga MS. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 151–157 Needlestick and sharps injuries among Turkish nursing students: A cross‐sectional study This cross‐sectional study was performed to investigate the prevalence of and other factors associated with needlestick and sharps injuries (NSIs) among nursing students in Turkey. A total of 60 (19.4%) nursing students reported NSIs during the past 1 year. The most common item causing injury was from a syringe needle (54.0%). Among nursing students, giving intravenous/intramuscular injections (60.0%) was the most common cause of NSIs. In total, 31.7% were not using gloves when injured. A total of 68.3% of NSIs were said to have gone unreported in any official report. A total of 43.5% of the nursing students had not received the hepatitis B vaccine. Finally, no single sociodemographic variables were shown to be significant as a risk factor for needlestick and sharps injury during logistic regression analysis. To decrease NSIs among nursing students, an education programme related to NSIs and standard precautions must be provided and immunized against hepatitis B before beginning clinical practice.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary schoolchildren and its correlation with sociodemographic factors in Aydin, Turkey
Authors: Çalışır Hüsniye , Karaçam Zekiye 
Published: March 2011

Çalışır H, Karaçam Z. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 166–173 The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary schoolchildren and its correlation with sociodemographic factors in Aydin, Turkey The purpose of the study was to determine the correlation of the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children in primary schools of central Aydın province with certain sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the children's families. The study was cross‐sectional and descriptive, and was done with 460 children aged 8–11 years. Study data were collected using a questionnaire. The study determined the children's overweight prevalence as 12.8% and their obesity prevalence as 13.7%. It was found that having a family with four or fewer members increased the risk of overweight and obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 1.889; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.086–3.287), that the mother's education level of secondary school or less decreased the risk of overweight and obesity of children (OR = 0.458; CI = 0.268–0.780), and that the greater the mother's (OR = 1.069; CI = 1.008–1.133) and father's (OR = 1.127; CI = 1.049–1.210) body mass index, the more pronounced was the children's risk of being overweight. This study showed that the prevalence of overweight (12.8%) and obesity (13.7%) is high among children aged 8–11 years, and that this condition is correlated with the number of family members and the parents' body mass index.
The factors that influence nurses' use of physical restraint: A thematic literature review
Authors: Lane Chelsi , Harrington Ann 
Published: March 2011

Lane C, Harrington A. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 195–204 The factors that influence nurses' use of physical restraint: A thematic literature review Difficult clinical situations in both hospitals and aged care facilities might lead to the use of physical restraint on older people. This literature reviewed aimed to identify the factors that influence nurses' use of physical restraint on people aged over 60 years. The prevalence of restraint use in aged care facilities was shown to be between 12% and 47%, with 7% to 17% for hospitalized patients. Database searches retrieved studies published after 1992 that highlighted nurses' use of physical restraint on older people in both acute and aged care settings. The analysis revealed two reasons for decisions to use physical restraint that were categorized as ‘patient safety’ and ‘nurses' workload’. It is important for nurses to understand the nursing culture that perpetuates restraint use, and to consider patient‐centred nursing as an instigator for change.
Psychodynamic perspectives on organizational change and their relevance to Transformational Practice Development
Authors: Walsh Kenneth D , Crisp Jackie , Moss Cheryle 
Published: March 2011

Walsh KD, Crisp J, Moss C. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2011; 17: 205–212 Psychodynamic perspectives on organizational change and their relevance to Transformational Practice Development In this paper we draw on the organizational psychodynamic literature, from Menzies 1960 seminal work to contemporary writers such as Manfred Kets de Vries and Adrian Carr as well as our own experience to highlight three critical paradoxes in the psychodynamics of health services. The paper highlights that behaviour and ways of interacting are influenced by intrapersonal mechanisms; and these mechanisms are critically important in the evolution of workplace cultures, and markedly influence organizational functioning. These mechanisms (and the paradoxes they pose) need to be considered in any initiative, such as Practice Development, that seeks to engage staff in workplace reform. By better understanding the psychodynamics of the workplace, we will in turn be better able to understand the mechanisms underlying the success of Practice Development processes, use these more deliberately and develop new and better processes in order to further improve the efficacy of Transformational Practice Development as an approach to practice change.
Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α polymorphisms are associated with genetic aberrations in lung cancer
Authors: PUTRA ANDIKA C. , TANIMOTO KEIJI , ARIFIN MARINA , HIYAMA KEIKO 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTBackground and objective:  The transcription factor, hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1), is a master regulator of hypoxia, including repression of DNA repair systems, resulting in genomic instability in cancer cells. The roles of the polymorphic HIF‐1α variants, C1772T (P582S) and G1790A (A588T), which are known to enhance transcriptional activity, were evaluated in lung cancers.Methods:  HIF‐1α polymorphisms were assessed by direct sequencing in a total of 83 lung cancer patients (42 adenocarcinomas, 30 squamous cell, four adenosquamous cell and seven small cell lung carcinomas) and in 110 healthy control subjects. The relationship between these polymorphisms and the frequently observed genetic and/or epigenetic aberrations, TP53 loss of heterozygosity (LOH), 1p34 LOH, retinoblastoma‐1 (RB1) LOH, p16 inactivation and epidermal growth factor receptor aberrations, was then assessed.Results:  There were no significant differences in genotype frequencies for either C1772T or G1790A between lung cancer patients and healthy controls. However, the frequency of the HIF1A C1772T variant allele was significantly higher in lung cancer patients with TP53 LOH (P = 0.015). Among adenocarcinoma patients, individuals with variant alleles of either polymorphism showed significantly higher frequencies of TP53 LOH (P = 0.047), 1p34 LOH (P = 0.009), or either of these (P = 0.008) in the tumours. The in vitro transcriptional activity of these HIF1A variants in A549 lung cancer cells was significantly greater than that of the wild type under either normoxic or hypoxic conditions, especially for P582S in cells containing mutant p53 (P < 0.0005 and P < 0.005, respectively).Conclusions:  These findings indicate that functional polymorphisms in the HIF‐1α gene may have an important impact on lung carcinogenesis, especially in adenocarcinomas, possibly by increasing genomic instability.
Exploring the influence of gestalt therapy training on psychiatric nursing practice: Stories from the field
Authors: Kelly Teresa , Howie Linsey 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTPsychiatric nurses interested in extending their interpersonal and psychotherapeutic skills sometimes undertake postgraduate training in gestalt therapy. Little is known about how this new knowledge and psychotherapeutic skill base informs their practice. This paper presents the findings of a qualitative study that aimed to explore the influence of gestalt therapy training on psychiatric nursing practice. Within a framework of narrative inquiry, four psychiatric nurses trained in gestalt therapy were invited to tell their stories of training in a gestalt approach to therapy, and recount their experiences of how it influenced their practice. In keeping with narrative analysis methods, the research findings were presented as a collection of four stories. Eight themes were derived from a thematic analysis conducted within and across the four stories. The discussion of the themes encapsulates the similarities and differences across the storied collection, providing a community and cultural context for understanding the individual stories.
Advances in J‐integral estimation of circumferentially surface cracked pipes
Authors: CHO D.‐H. , SEO H.‐B. , KIM Y.‐J. , CHANG Y.‐S. , JHUNG M.‐J. , CHOI Y.‐H. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTThis paper describes enhanced J‐integral estimation schemes for pipes with circumferential semi‐elliptical cracks subjected to tensile loading, global bending and internal pressure. These schemes are given in two different forms to cover the wide ranges of geometries and material parameters; the modified GE/EPRI method and the modified reference stress method. In the former method, new plastic influence functions for fully plastic J‐integral estimation are developed based on extensive three‐dimensional finite element calculations. In the latter method, new optimized reference loads are suggested and utilized to predict the J values. To verify the feasibility of these two schemes, J‐integral values obtained from further detailed FE analyses are compared to those from the proposed schemes. Because the estimated J‐integrals agree fairly well with the detailed FE analysis results, the new solutions can be applied for accurate structural integrity assessment of different size pipes with a circumferential surface crack.
Laryngographic analysis of child‐directed speech*
Authors: Ogle Sally‐Anne , Maidment J. A. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractsThis paper reports the results of a small‐scale study of mother–child interactions using electro‐laryngography to measure mean, mode and range of fundamental frequency variation. The mother‐child results are compared with those obtained from recordings of the same subjects in conversation with an adult. The methodology employed allowed statistics to be derived from very much larger samples of speech than have hitherto been used in the literature on child‐directed speech. The main findings were that measures of central tendency are higher for adult–child interactions than for adult‐adult conversations and the range of fundamental frequency greater. This expansion of the range is effected by increasing the upper limit of the range.L'article rend compte d'une étude à petite échelle des interactions mère‐enfant à la lumière de l'électrolaryngographie, ce qui a permis de mesurer la moyenne, le mode et l'écart des variations de fréquences. Les résultats mère‐enfant sont comparés avec ceux qu'on obtient en enregistrant les měmes sujets en conversation avec un adulte. La méthodologie employée a permis d'obtenir des statistiques à partie d'échantillons de langage beaucoup plus vastes que ce qui a été utilisé jusqu'ici dans la litérature consacrée au langage qui s'adresse à l'enfant. Les résultats principaux font ressortir que les mesures de tendance centrale sont plus hautes lors d'interactions entre adultes et enfants que lors de conversations entre adultes, et que l'écart de fréquences fondamentales est plus grand. Cette expansion de l'écart s'effectue gra&#x030c;ce à l'accroissement de la limite supérieure de l'écart.Die Ergebnisse einer kleinen Studie von Mutter‐Kind‐Interaktionen werden präsentiert, bei denen die Elektrolaryngographie eingesetzt wurde, um Mittelwert, Modalwert und Umfang der Grundfrequenz zu messen. Die Werte aus der Mutter‐Kind‐Interaktion werden mit den entsprechenden Werten von denselben Versuchspersonen im Gespräch mit einem Erwachsenen verglichen. Die angewandte Methodologie ermöglicht die Analyse größerer Sprachproben, als bisher in der Literatur zur kindgerichteten Sprache üblich sind. Der Hauptbefund war der, daß Mittelwert und Modalwert in der Mutter‐Kind‐Interaktion höher als im Gespräch zwischen Erwachsenen liegen und der Grundfrequenzumfang auch größer ist, und zwar als Folge der Erhöhung der oberen Grundfrequenzgrenze.
Microbial ecology and adaptation in cystic fibrosis airways
Authors: Yang Lei , Jelsbak Lars , Molin Søren 
Published: March 2011

SummaryChronic infections in the respiratory tracts of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are important to investigate, both from medical and from fundamental ecological points of view. Cystic fibrosis respiratory tracts can be described as natural environments harbouring persisting microbial communities with Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a dominant pathogen. Various factors contribute to the complexity of this ecosystem, including community composition, dynamics and interactions, as well as heterogeneous distribution and fluctuation of components of the immune system, antibiotics and nutrients. All these elements constitute the selective forces that drive the evolution of the microbes after they migrate from the outer environment to human airways. Pseudomonas aeruginosa adapts to the new environment through genetic changes and exhibits a special lifestyle in chronic CF airways. Understanding the persistent colonization of microbial pathogens in CF patients in the context of ecology and evolution will expand our knowledge of the pathogenesis of chronic infections and improve therapeutic strategies.