bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The personality pattern of duodenal ulcer patients in relation to spontaneous ulcer healing and relapse
Authors: JESS P. , VON DER LIETH L. , MATZEN P. , MADSEN P. , KRAG E. , KNIGGE U. , HØJGAARD L. , DEJGÅRD A. , CHRISTIANSEN P. M. , BONNEVIE O. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Jess P, von der Lieth L, Matzen P, Madsen P, Krag E, Knigge U, Højgaard L, Dejgård A, Christiansen PM, Bonnevie O. (Departments of Medical and Surgical Gastroenterology, Hvidovre Hospital, University of Copenhagen, and Clinic of Gastroenterology, St. Kongensgade 68 A, Copenhagen, Denmark). The personality pattern of duodenal ulcer patients in relation to spontaneous ulcer healing and relapse.One hundred consecutive out‐patients with duodenal ulceration from a hospital and a gastroenterological clinic were tested with the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). This was carried out in order to investigate whether neuroticism or other personality disorders were characteristics of duodenal ulcer patients, and whether the presence of such possible personality disorders might influence the prognosis of the disease.Neuroticism occurred in 53% of the patients, but only in 5% of controls (P < 0.0001). Overall, personality disorders were present in 69% of the patients compared with 30% of the controls (P < 0.0001).Neuroticism was connected with a high frequency of relapse (P < 0.05) whereas failure of spontaneous ulcer healing had no certain relation to personality disorders. Patients with non‐neurotic personality disorders had more frequently suffered stressful life events before entrance to the study (P < 0.05) and, like the neurotic patients, they had lower ego‐strength to cope with such events (P < 0.05).The results indicate that personality assessments make it possible to distinguish between subgroups of duodenal ulcer patients with different course of the disease.
Does hyperkinetic circulation constitute a pre‐hypertensive stage? A 5‐year follow‐up of haemodynamics in young men with mild blood pressure elevation
Authors: ANDERSSON O. K. , BECKMAN‐SUURKÜLA M. , SANNERSTEDT R. , MAGNUSSON M. , SIVERTSSON R. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Andersson OK, Beckman‐Suurküla M, Sannerstedt R, Magnusson M, Sivertsson R (Departments of Internal Medicine and Clinical Physiology, Sahlgrenska Hospital and Department of Clinical Physiology, Östra Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.) Does hyperkinetic circulation constitute a pre‐hypertensive stage? A 5‐year follow‐up of haemodynamics in young men with mild blood pressure elevation. Journal of Internal Medicine 1989; 226: 401–08.In a previous haemodynamic examination, 44 young men (18–22 years) with blood pressure elevation above the 98th percentile, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) ≥ 95 ± 6 mm Hg, showed an increased cardiac index (dye‐dilution) and an enhanced resistance at maximal vasodilation of the hand (venous occlusion plethysmography during hyperaemia). This latter finding suggested arteriolar wall hypertrophy. However, the subgroup with the highest cardiac index (≥ 3.86 1 min−1 × m2) (n = 18) displayed normal vascular resistance at maximal dilation in comparison with the normotensive control group (n = 29). Consequently, functional signs of arteriolar hypertrophy were restricted to individuals with normal or low cardiac index.At the re‐investigation 5 years later, a significant reduction in blood pressure was observed in the normotensive control group (MAP: from 88 ± 7 to 85 ± 7 mm Hg, P < 0.05). There was no change in individuals with initially elevated blood pressure. Furthermore, cardiac index fell significantly with time in this latter group. Thus, the blood pressure elevation in the hypertensive group, previously mainly dependent on high blood flow was, 5 years later, more related to an increased total peripheral resistance, (Δ total peripheral resistance = 8%). However, no definite evidence indicating development of hypertrophy of the resistance vessels of the hand was observed during the follow‐up period.Since the hyperkinetic subgroup did not display a concomitant fall in blood pressure with cardiac output, our results do not support the theory that the hyperkinetic form of borderline hypertension is a temporary phenomenon, explained by the inclusion of anxious individuals afraid of the experimental situation. Hyperkinetic hypertension may be the initial phase of sustained hypertension in a subgroup of the future hypertensive population.
Habitual leisure‐time physical activity is associated with differences in various risk factors for coronary artery disease
Authors: ZAVARONI I. , BONATI P. ANGELO , LUCHETTI L. , BONORA E. , BUONANNO G. , BERGONZANI M. , PAGLIARA M. , GNUDI L. , BUTTURINI L. , PASSERI M. , REAVEN G. M. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Zavaroni I, Angelo Bonati P, Luchetti L, Bonora E, Buonanno G, Bergonzani M, Pagliara M, Gnudi L, Butturini L, Passeri M, Reaven GM (General Medical Clinic, Parma University, Parma, Italy and Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA). Habitual leisure‐time physical activity is associated with differences in various risk factors for coronary artery disease.Various risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) were compared in 100 healthy, male factory workers, divided into two groups of 50 each on the basis of their leisure‐time activity. The two groups, designated as sedentary and physically active, were similar in terms of age and body mass index, but the physically active group had a significantly slower pulse rate. In addition, the plasma glucose and insulin responses to an oral glucose load were significantly lower in physically active individuals. Furthermore, fasting plasma triglyceride concentration was significantly lower and the high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol concentration was higher in the physically active individuals. Thus, substantial benefits in terms of CAD risk were associated with increased leisure‐time physical activity.
Nutritional status and mortality of patients in regular dialysis therapy
Authors: MARCKMANN P. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Marckmann P (Department of Medicine, The Fredericia Hospital, DK‐7000 Fredericia, Denmark). Nutritional status and mortality of patients in regular dialysis therapy.The relationship between mortality and nutritional status of 48 chronic dialysis patients (32 patients on haemodialysis (HD) and 16 on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)) was studied over a 24‐month period.Patients were scored individually according to relative body weight (RBW), S‐transferrin, mid‐arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), and were given a total score from 0 (normal nutritional status) to 8 (severe protein‐caloric malnutrition) at start of observation. The observation period was characterized by a significantly lower total nutritional score among surviving (n = 39) patients than among patients who died (n = 9) (Mann‐Whitney, P < 0.001).There was no difference in mortality between the two kinds of dialysis therapy (HD, CAPD).In conclusion, chronic dialysis patients with a poor nutritional status have a highly increased mortality. The presumably causal nature of this relationship makes prevention of protein‐caloric malnutrition among dialysis patients a high priority task.
Thromboembolism in patients with advanced mitral valve prolapse
Authors: DAVIDSEN B. , EGEBLAD H. , PIETERSEN A. 
Published: October 2011

Abstract Davidsen B, Egeblad H, Pietersen A (Medical Department B and Department of Thoracic Surgery RT, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark). Thromboembolism in patients with advanced mitral valve prolapse.Thromboembolism in mitral valve prolapse (MVP) has been suggested to occur in relation to valvular cul‐de‐sac recesses and endothelial wear‐and‐tear denudations. Such pathology would be suspected to be prominent in advanced cases of MVP necessitating open‐heart operation. We therefore analysed the prevalence of perivalvular thrombi and episodes of systemic arterial embolism (SE) prior to operation in 21 consecutive patients with MVP and severe valve regurgitation. No perivalvular or left atrial thrombi were found during open‐heart surgery, but three of the patients (14%, 3–36% with 95% confidence limits) experienced SE, in one case despite long‐term anticoagulation. All cases of SE took place less than 3 months before operation. The results indicate that persistent thrombi are rare in MVP and severe valve regurgitation. However, such patients run a substantial risk of SE when they reach a clinical and haemodynamic stage that makes valve surgery mandatory.
The origins of shallow‐water carbonate lithofacies thickness distributions: one‐dimensional forward modelling of relative sea‐level and production rate control
Authors: BURGESS PETER M. , POLLITT DAVID A. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe observation that shallow‐marine carbonate strata often have exponential lithofacies thickness distributions is one of the most fundamental results in carbonate stratigraphy in recent years because it is an observation that can be tested for its repeatability in various outcrop and subsurface examples, and also because it raises the question of what sedimentary processes and climatic and oceanographic settings might lead to formation of a particular lithofacies thickness distribution. This observation, in turn, links to the significant issue of how carbonate strata record climatic and oceanographic change through geological time. This study applies a simple one‐dimensional numerical stratigraphic forward model of carbonate platform strata (Dougal) to study how relative sea‐level oscillations could control lithofacies distribution. Dougal records platform‐top carbonate accumulation influenced by water‐depth dependent sediment production in euphotic, oligophotic and aphotic production profiles with a lag‐depth controlling onset of production. Results from five single model runs highlight the issue of non‐stationary behaviour where statistical properties of the strata change with elevation up the section, and show that exponential lithofacies thickness distributions can be generated from an entirely deterministic model. Results of multiple model runs, 27 200 in total, spanning a range of production and accommodation creation rates, demonstrate that the three main controls on carbonate lithofacies distribution in this one‐dimensional model are: (i) complex variations in the rate of creation of accommodation, here due to high‐frequency glacio‐eustatic oscillations; (ii) rate of sediment production, dominated in these model runs by euphotic production rates; and (iii) operation of autocyclic oscillations in deposition driven by a lag‐depth effect and formed during certain high‐frequency rising limbs on the glacio‐eustatic curve. In these multiple model runs, only ca 13% of the total runs created exponential distributions, compared with 28% in the documented outcrop examples, suggesting that other processes not included in this model play an important role. More work is required to determine what these processes might be. Obvious candidates would be the various sedimentary processes that occur in three dimensions on platform tops, such as sediment transport and variations in rate and type of sediment production related to biological variability, and other process that occur in other different depositional settings, for example sediment transport on slopes.
Playa‐lake sedimentation and organic matter accumulation in an Andean piggyback basin: the recent record from the Cuenca de Pozuelos, North‐west Argentina
Authors: McGLUE MICHAEL M. , ELLIS GEOFFREY S. , COHEN ANDREW S. , SWARZENSKI PETER W. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractExpansive playa‐lake systems situated in high‐altitude piggyback basins are important and conspicuous components of both modern and ancient cordilleran orogenic systems. Extant playa lakes provide vital habitat for numerous endemic species, whereas sediments from these deposystems may record signals of climate change or develop natural resources over geological time. Laguna de los Pozuelos (North‐west Argentina) provides the opportunity for an actualistic sedimentological and geochemical assessment of a piggyback basin playa lake in an area of critical interest for understanding Quaternary palaeoclimate dynamics. Silty clays and diatom ooze are the dominant playa‐lake centre microfacies, with concentrations of total organic carbon and biogenic silica commonly exceeding 1·5 wt% in this sub‐environment. Elemental and stable isotopic analyses point to a mixed organic matter composition in the playa‐lake centre, with substantial contributions from algae and transported aquatic macrophytes. Bulk sediment and organic mass accumulation rates in the southern playa‐lake centre approach 0·22 g cm−2 year−1 and 2·89 mg cm−2 year−1, respectively, indicating moderately rapid deposition with negligible deflation over historic time. Playa margin facies contain higher percentages of fragmented biogenic carbonate (ostracods and charophytes) and inorganically precipitated aragonite crusts due to seasonal pumping and evaporation of ground water. Organic matter accumulation is limited along these heavily bioturbated wet and dry mud flats. Fluvial–lacustrine transitional environments, which are key waterbird habitats, are either silty terminal splay (northern axis) or sandy deltas (southern axis) containing highly oxidized and partially allochthonous organic matter. Modern analogue data from Laguna de los Pozuelos provide key insights for: (i) environmental reconstructions of ancient lake sequences; and (ii) improving facies models for piggyback basins.
Abdominal actinomycosis masquerading as colon cancer in a liver transplant recipient
Authors: Laish I. , Benjaminov O. , Morgenstern S. , Greif F. , Ben‐Ari Z. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractInfections in transplant recipients are associated with high morbidity and mortality, making their early recognition and treatment particularly important. Abdominal actinomycosis is a rare clinical entity and difficult to diagnose because of its various and nonspecific features. We describe a 57‐year‐old patient who presented with abdominal actinomycosis simulating colon cancer 6 years after liver transplantation. The main symptom was abdominal pain. Abdominal computed tomography and colonoscopy revealed an intraluminal 4.5 cm mass in the right colon, raising suspicions of a colonic malignancy and leading to surgical intervention. The postoperative pathologic study showed sulfur granules in the resected specimen compatible with abdominal actinomycosis. No signs of recurrence were seen throughout the 6‐month follow‐up. The literature on actinomycosis infections in immune‐compromised hosts is reviewed. This presentation of actinomycosis in a liver transplant recipient has not been described previously, to our knowledge.
Is there a connection between paediatric acute idiopathic scrotal oedema and intestinal worm infestation?
Authors: Erez Ilan , Zifman Eyal , Nersesjanz Irena , Lazar Ludwig , Bucklan Genady , Gutermacher Michael 
Published: October 2011

Aim:  Based on our experience with acute idiopathic scrotal oedema (AISO) and observations of the incidence of intestinal worm infestation (IWI), we decided to test the hypothesis that IWI occurs more frequently among children with AISO than it does in the general population.Methods:  A retrospective questionnaire‐based study was conducted comparing the frequency of IWI between children who had AISO and a matched control group who had inguinal hernia surgery in our Pediatric Surgery Department during 2003–2009. This second group was chosen to represent the incidence of IWI in the paediatric community in our region. Records of all patients admitted to the Department of Pediatric Surgery for AISO during 2003–2009 were reviewed.Results:  Seventeen out of thirty‐eight (44.7%) AISO patients had a history of IWI compared with 5/38 (13.1%) in the control group (P= 0.0047).Conclusions:  Our data clearly show that AISO in children is frequently associated with a history of IWI. Although well‐documented, prospective studies are needed to establish these findings, we feel that this report provides a reasonable clue to a possible aetiology of AISO.
Primary headache: Role of investigations in a cohort of young children and adolescents
Authors: Pavone Piero , Conti Irene , Le Pira Alice , Pavone Lorenzo , Verrotti Alberto , Ruggieri Martino 
Published: October 2011

AbstractBackground:  We report a study conducted in children and adolescents who are affected by primary headaches. The aim was to establish the most useful investigations for diagnosing headaches.Methods:  The current study involved 300 consecutively hospitalized children and adolescents selected according to the criteria of the second edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders. The following examinations were performed in all patients: full ophthalmologic; brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); electroencephalography; echocardiogram; and electrocardiogram. Dental, otorhinolaryngology, echocardiography of the supra‐aortic trunks, abdominal ultrasound, and visual‐ and auditory‐evoked potentials were carried out in patients according to the clinical signs associated with headache.Results:  In a large number of cases routine laboratory analysis and neurophysiologic investigations were within the normal value when neurologic examination was normal. Electroencephalography, ophthalmologic studies and cerebral MRI are advisable as they can reveal precocious pathologic events, even in the absence of evident or alarming clinical signs.Conclusion:  As widely reported in the literature, most of these investigations may be of little clinical value, but the authors reasoned that electroencephalography, ophthalmologic investigations and a cerebral MRI may be noteworthy because such studies may reveal a precocious pathologic event which can change the prognostic value of the headache. In addition, negative results on cerebral MRI may relieve the anxiety of parents and in turn may positively influence the clinical course of headache in children and adolescents.
Evaluation of the Living 4 Life project: a youth‐led, school‐based obesity prevention study
Authors: Utter J. , Scragg R. , Robinson E. , Warbrick J. , Faeamani G. , Foroughian S. , Dewes O. , Moodie M. , Swinburn B. A. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryThe Living 4 Life study was a youth‐led, school‐based intervention to reduce obesity in New Zealand. The study design was quasi‐experimental, with comparisons made by two cross‐sectional samples within schools. Student data were collected at baseline (n = 1634) and at the end of the 3‐year intervention (n = 1612). A random‐effects mixed model was used to test for changes in primary outcomes (e.g. anthropometry and obesity‐related behaviours) between intervention and comparison schools. There were no significant differences in changes in anthropometry or behaviours between intervention and comparison schools. The prevalence of obesity in intervention schools was 32% at baseline and 35% at follow‐up and in comparison schools was 29% and 30%, respectively. Within‐school improvements in obesity‐related behaviours were observed in three intervention schools and one comparison school. One intervention school observed several negative changes in student behaviours. In conclusion, there were no significant improvements to anthropometry; this may reflect the intervention's lack of intensity, insufficient duration, or that by adolescence changes in anthropometry and related behaviours are difficult to achieve. School‐based obesity prevention interventions that actively involve young people in the design of interventions may result in improvements in student behaviours, but require active support from leaders within their schools.
Experiences and challenges in implementing complex community‐based research project: the Pacific Obesity Prevention in Communities project
Authors: Schultz J. T. , Moodie M. , Mavoa H. , Utter J. , Snowdon W. , McCabe M. P. , Millar L. , Kremer P. , Swinburn B. A. 
Published: October 2011

SummaryPolicy makers throughout the world are struggling to find effective ways to prevent the rising trend of obesity globally, particularly among children. The Pacific Obesity Prevention in Communities project was the first large‐scale, intervention research project conducted in the Pacific aiming to prevent obesity in adolescents. The project spanned four countries: Australia, New Zealand, Fiji and Tonga. This paper reports on the strengths and challenges experienced from this complex study implemented from 2004 to 2009 across eight cultural groups in different community settings. The key strengths of the project were its holistic collaborative approach, participatory processes and capacity building. The challenges inherent in such a large complex project were underestimated during the project's development. These related to the scale, complexity, duration, low research capacity in some sites and overall coordination across four different countries. Our experiences included the need for a longer lead‐in time prior to intervention for training and up‐skilling of staff in Fiji and Tonga, investment in overall coordination, data quality management across all sites and the need for realistic capacity building requirements for research staff. The enhanced research capacity and skills across all sites include the development and strengthening of research centres, knowledge translation and new obesity prevention projects.
A generalized single product and single‐period inventory problem with non‐linear parameters
Authors: Luo Kai , Kerbache Laoucine , Menezes Mozart B. C. , van Delft Christian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we extend the study of the classical single‐period newsboy inventory problem by considering costs that are non‐linear functions of the decision variable. We assume that the demand probability density function is known to the decision maker. We prove that, under some much more relaxed conditions, the total expected profit function remains concave and classical optimization methods can thus be used to obtain the global optimal solution. After that, we provide numerical examples for illustrative purpose.
Ranking units in DEA based on efficiency intervals and decision‐maker's preferences
Authors: Foroughi Ali Asghar , Aouni Belaïd 
Published: October 2011

AbstractData Envelopment Analysis (DEA) uses the best favorable weight set for the inputs and outputs of each decision‐making unit (DMU) to obtain its best possible score. Hence, this score can be considered as an upper bound of the real efficiency score. If we also use the least favorable weight set of each DMU, then a lower bound of the efficiency score can also be obtained. So, instead of one score, we can find an interval that gives all possible values of the efficiency score for each DMU. The aim of this paper is to propose an approach for determining efficiency intervals and setting up a full ranking of DMUs based on these intervals. We incorporate explicitly the decision‐maker's preferences in two phases. The first phase is for obtaining efficiency intervals, by introducing some restrictions on the input and output weights. The second one is for ranking the intervals based on the combination of the lower and the upper bounds of the efficiency intervals. The developed formulations will be illustrated through some numerical examples.