bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Field investigation of component failures for selected farm machinery used in small rice farming operations
Authors: Paman Ujang , Khairizal  , Sutriana Selvia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Failure of farm machinery components is an undesirable event that often occurs during field operations and becomes a crucial problem facing rice farmers in Riau Province. The purpose of the research is to investigate the component type and failure frequency and find out the root causes of the component failures for selected farm machinery used by small rice farmers. The survey was carried out in three regencies of the province namely Kampar, Siak, and Indragiri Hulu from June to July 2022. The data were collected from personally interviewing 30 machine operators and 10 mechanics. Five types of farm machinery were selected for study, including mouldboard plows, rotary tillers, four-wheel tractors, rice transplanters, and combine harvesters. The machines have often experienced breakdowns on the field due to the failure of one or more components/parts. Mouldboard plows had the most component failures with 137 cases, followed by rotary tillers with 85 cases, and four-wheel tractors with 57 cases. There were 34 and 43 cases of component failures for rice transplanters and combine harvesters, respectively. The root causes of component failures were poor field conditions (30%), ignoring maintenance (22%), intensive use of machinery (21%), improper storage (14%), and unskilled operators (13%). The results recommend that machine operators must keep the work area clean before beginning operation, conduct regular maintenance, store farm machines inside and keep them clean from dust and filth, have the necessary training and experience to help reduce failures, and run their machines precisely at the maximum power levels to prevent needless strain and early failure.
Measuring pain intensity through physical interaction in an experimental model of cold-induced pain: A method comparison study
Authors: Rotevatn Elisabeth Ørskov , Engan Mette , Stensaker Emilie , Hufthammer Karl Ove , Rygh Lars Jørgen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Assessment of pain is challenging given its subjective nature. Standard pain assessment tools have limitations. We aimed to compare the verbal numeric rating scale (NRS) and Grasp, a novel handheld electronic device that reports pain by squeezing.

Methods
To compare Grasp and NRS, healthy adult volunteers were invited to undergo two subsequent standardised tests of cold-triggered pain using a cold pressor test (CPT) at a temperature of 3°C. Pain intensity was in a randomised manner reported by NRS (scale 0–10) or by squeezing Grasp (0–3 V) during the two CPTs. A third CPT was performed 1 to 14 days later where subjects reported pain by Grasp a second time in order to study the association of repeated Grasp measurements. Acceptable association was a priori considered as mean Kendall’s τ−b coefficient (τ−b) ≥ 0.7. The subjects reported their experience of using Grasp in a purpose-made questionnaire.

Results
In total, 102 subjects were included, and 96 subjects (56 females) completed all three tests. The association of pain intensity reported by Grasp and NRS was moderate with a mean τ−b of 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–0.58). The association between the repeated Grasp measurements was weak with a mean τ−b of 0.43 (95% CI 0.37–0.48). Most subjects reported that Grasp was intuitive and easy to use.

Conclusions
Pain intensity reported by squeezing Grasp did not show acceptable association with pain intensity reported by NRS during CPTs. The association between pain intensity reported by Grasp during two CPTs on separate days was weak. Further improvements of the Grasp ball are needed before use in clinical settings.
Die Matrix der vier Limitationstypen in der Fabrikplanung
Authors: Erlach Klaus , Berchtold Marc-André , Kaucher Christian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In the course of a factory planning process, various limitations occur that can influence a factory concept. These are often summarized under the terms ‘constraints’, ‘limitations’, ‘restrictions’, and ‘requirements’ without a clear definition, but they are by no means synonyms. This article makes a classification into the four types: ‘strategic conditions’, ‘constraints’, ‘equipment restrictions’, and ‘building and site restrictions’. The limitation types are differentiated according to their character – material and immaterial – and their origin – intrinsic and extrinsic. This distinction not only serves to clarify the understanding of the terms, but also to integrate them into the planning process.
Bereit für die Digitale Transformation?
Authors: Dommermuth Maximilian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The ongoing digital transformation is increasing the need for lifelong learning. Todays rigid and long-term oriented competence management approaches cannot keep the current neither the future pace of change within the world of work, resulting in a loss of competitiveness and todays significant skill gaps. This article describes existing learning needs within the industry and a new approach that enables application and target-oriented learning for Industry 4.0.
Futuristic cuisine as the model of futuristic worldview
Authors: Reha Danylo 
Published: June 2024

Aim. The article deals with the one of the models of the futuristic worldview, namely the futuristic cuisine. Methods. During our research were used the historical criticism and the principles of the cultural-historical school. Results. As the result of our research were translated the main postulates from the book by F. T. Marinetti’s «La cucina futurista» («The Futurist Cookbook», 1932) and were analyzed the main approaches to create futuristic cuisine as one of the models of the futuristic worldview. Scientific novelty. For the first time was made the Ukrainian translation of the text by F. T. Marinetti’s «La cucina futurista» («The Futurist Cookbook») (1932), as well as researched futuristic cuisine from the position of a formative model of the futuristic worldview. The practical significance. This article can be used for further research into the history and theory of futurism. Scientific research results can be used in various scientific projects.
Die Rechtsgrundlage des Digital Markets Act – Die Entscheidung für Art. 114 AEUV und ihre Folgen für die Auslegung der Verordnung
Authors: Drouet Malte , Ende Christian 
Published: June 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der DMA wurde auf die Rechtsgrundlage Art. 114 AEUV gestützt, was im Schrifttum einige Zweifel aufgeworfen hat. Diese begründen sich vor allem dadurch, dass mit Art. 103 AEUV eine Rechtsgrundlage existiert, die es bereits ermöglicht, kartellrechtliche Vorschriften zu erlassen. Da der DMA einen klaren wettbewerblichen Einschlag aufweist, hätte er womöglich hierauf gestützt werden müssen. In jedem Fall hat die Wahl der Rechtsgrundlage Auswirkungen auf die Auslegung der Verordnung. Dieser Beitrag untersucht die Rechtmäßigkeit der gewählten Rechtsgrundlage und deren Folgen für die Auslegung des DMA, insbesondere mit Blick auf seine Beziehung zu mitgliedstaatlichen Regeln, sowie mögliche alternative Rechtsgrundlagen.
Modification of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Among Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Kong Grace , Lee Juhan , Ouellette Rachel R. , Morean Meghan E. 
Published: June 2024

OBJECTIVES
We assessed awareness and perceptions of, information sources about, and engagement in modifying electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among adolescents and young adults (AYAs).

METHODS
AYAs (N = 1018) endorsing past-month ENDS use completed a survey on awareness and use of the following modifications: (1) refilling rechargeable cartridges/pods or (2) disposable pods, (3) rewicking or (4) recharging disposable pods, (5) modifying nicotine e-liquids (eg, changing propylene glycol/vegetable glycerin, nicotine), (6) combining nicotine and cannabis for simultaneous vaping, and (7) putting cannabis in ENDS designed for nicotine vaping. Logistic regression assessed how sources of information (eg, friends, social media, nonsocial media Web sites, vape shops) about and perceptions of ENDS modifications associated with ENDS modifications.

RESULTS
Refilling (69.0% heard, 40.1% tried) and recharging the battery (66.4% heard, 35.8% tried) of disposable pods were most common. Friends (64.4%) and social media (46.7%) were the most common sources of information. Notable significant associations between information sources and modifications were: 1. nonsocial media Web sites and vape shops with rewicking and recharging disposable devices and modifying nicotine e-liquid; 2. nonsocial media Web sites with refilling rechargeable cartridges/pods and disposable pods; and 3. social media with recharging disposable devices and mixing nicotine and cannabis liquids. Perceptions of reduced harm and “coolness” were associated with various modifications.

DISCUSSION
AYAs are aware of and modify ENDS for purposes unintended by manufacturers. ENDS policies should consider unintended ENDS use to safeguard public health. Prevention efforts should communicate about the potential harms of ENDS modifications.
Gene—environment interaction between gaming addiction and perceived stress in late adolescents and young adults: A twin study
Authors: Hur Yoon-Mi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsThe association between perceived stress (PS) and gaming addiction (GA) is well documented. However, the mechanism for explaining this association remains unclear. Using a genetically informative design, this study aims to distinguish between the diathesis-stress and bio-ecological models of gene by environment interaction (G x E) to explain the underlying mechanism of the relationship.MethodsIn total, 1,468 twins (mean age = 22.6 ± 2.8 years) completed an online survey including the GA and PS scales. Twin correlations for GA and PS were computed and univariate model-fitting analysis was conducted to determine genetic and environmental influences on GA and PS. The bivariate G x E model-fitting analysis was performed to determine the best G x E interaction model.ResultsAdditive genetic, shared environmental, and non-shared environmental effects were 0.70 (95%CI = 0.61, 0.77), 0.00, and 0.30 (95%CI = 0.26, 0.33), and 0.38 (95%CI = 0.24, 0.55), 0.35 (95% CI = 0.18, 0.51), and 0.22 (95%CI = 0.20, 0.26) for GA and PS, respectively. Bivariate G x E model-fitting analysis supported the diathesis-stress model, where genetic influences on GA were greater in higher levels of PS, whereas environmental influences on GA were small and constant across levels of PS.Discussion and conclusionsThe evidence for the diathesis-stress model for GA is consistent with the etiological process of many forms of psychopathology. The findings should be incorporated in clinical settings to improve the treatment of GA, and used in developments of intervention and prevention methods for GA.
Narrowing or in Kálmán's writings
Authors: Viszket Anita , Kárpáti Eszter , Kleiber Judit 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe paper investigates the usage of the Hungarian connective vagy ‘or’. Our starting point is Ariel & Mauri's (2018, 2019) and Ariel's (2020) papers about the use of or, where they argue that its core meaning is ‘alternativity’. Our goal is to describe Hungarian vagy ‘or’ by analyzing various corpus data, and compare the results. We examined the personal subcorpus of the Hungarian National Corpus (MNSZ2), and the Hungarian Spontaneous Speech Database (BEA). In this paper, as a tribute to the memory of László Kálmán, we investigated a third corpus that is constructed from Kálmán's very popular informative texts on Qubit.
Numerical simulation and experimental study on effect of cooling rate on microstructure and strength of nanostructured materials
Authors: Nguyen Hai , Le Duc , Hoang Quyen , Quang Pham 
Published: June 2024

In this study, by numerical simulation (finite element method, FEM) and experimental, the cooling rate was investigated by changing the product thickness (20, 3, 2, 1, 0.5 and 0.3) mm of Al based two-phase nanostructured materials casted through a copper mold. The effect of cooling rate on the microstructure and strength of the alloy was studied. The Experimental results showed that the precipitated intermetallic phases have a decreasing size corresponding to the increasing cooling rates by simulation from ~102 K/s to ~104 K/s. The results show that an appropriate cooling rate can improve the microstructure and properties of the alloy. The Abaqus/Standard capability for uncoupled heat transfer analysis was intended to model solid body heat conduction with general, temperature-dependent conductivity; internal energy (including latent heat effects); and quite general convection and radiation boundary conditions. This study describes the basic energy balance, constitutive models, boundary conditions, finite element discretization, and time integration procedures used. The time step used an automatic algorithm through the smallest tolerance. The maximum temperature change was allowed over a period and the increment was adjusted for this parameter, as was the rate of convergence in the non-linear cases. First-order heat transfer elements used the rule of numerical integration with integrated stations located at the corners of the element for thermal capacitance terms. (Jacobian terminology). This approach is particularly effective when there is a strong latent thermal effect. Thus, first - order elements were used in the case of latent heat. The HEATCAP element is available for single - point pooled thermal capacitance modeling. Centralized film loading options between the mold and the casting were specified by the user.
Comparative analysis of separation techniques in the treatment of medial ventral hernias
Authors: Stolyarov E. A. , Grachev B. D. , Alekseev D. G. , Bezrukova M. A. , Ishutov I. V. 
Published: June 2024

Relevance. Tension-free herniolasty of the anterior abdominal wall is currently the accepted standard for large ventral hernia repairing. The implementation of this approach has been marked by a significant improvement in treatment outcomes. The issues of improving the quality of life of patients after surgery and their effective rehabilitation through the application of the optimal technique of tension-free hernioplasty are now at the forefront.Objective. To compare the immediate and long-term results of treatment of patients with large postoperative midline ven­tral hernias using anterior and posterior techniques of separation of abdominal wall components.Object and methods. 114 patients with large postoperative midline ventral hernias were divided into two groups: the patients of the first group (38 patients) underwent hernioplasty using the anterior separation technique, and the patients of the second group (76 patients) - posterior separation. We evaluated the immediate (complica­tions in the area of surgery, duration of surgical wound drainage and duration of hospitalization) and long-term (functional restoration of the abdominal wall) results of treatment with subsequent comparative analysis of data between the groups using descriptive statistics methods.Results. The present study is the first to compare the immediate and long-term results of using anterior and posterior techniques for separation of anterior abdominal wall components during surgery for midline ventral hernias. It was found that both variants demonstrate good immediate and long-term results in the treatment of patients with median postoperative ventral hernias of large size. At the same time, the anterior separa­tion technique is accompanied by a significantly higher number of complications and, accordingly, is characterized by a higher risk of their de­velopment, as well as requires a longer stay of the patient in the hospital.
Features of indicators of the cardiovascular system and psychophysiological parameters in medical students during the period of examination session and seminars lessons
Authors: Pavlova O. N. , Budaev A. I. , Pavlenko S. I. , Kovalyov A. M. , Makarova-Gorbacheva E. V. 
Published: June 2024

The cardiovascular system is one of the key systems of the body, which determines the boundaries of a person's physical and mental performance and ensures the adaptation of students' bodies to the educational process. At the same time, various factors can cause tension in students adaptation mechanisms, one of which may be the period of the examination session.Purpose: to identify differences in the perfor­mance of the cardiovascular system and psychophysiological parameters during the examination session and during seminar classes among medical students of the second year of study.Object and methods: The study was conducted on 22 second-year students of both sexes. The subjects heart rate and blood pressure were studied and the values of the index of functional changes, adaptive potential and Robinson's index were calculated. The psychoemotional component was assessed according to the results of the Spielberger-Hanin test, the Guilford test and work efficiency, which was calculated based on the time spent working with Schulte tables.Results: indicators of the cardiovascular system showed an increase in the tension of adaptation processes during seminar classes, compared with the period of the examination session, for example, the IFC values statistically significant changed from 2.12±0.09 to 2.25±0.07 (p<0.05 ). At the same time, there was a tendency to in­crease situational anxiety and a significant increase in the time spent working with Schulte tables from 34.05±2.73 to 44.01±3.1 8 (p<0.05).Con­clusion: the data obtained allow us to make an assumption about the stress in the adaptation mechanisms of second-year medical students that arise regardless of the examination session, which indicates the need to continue the study in order to identify stress factors.
Multistakeholder governance and community engagement in urban greening
Authors: Guaraldo Eliane 
Published: June 2024

Simone Borelli leads the Forestry Division at the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO-ONU). He is one of the creators of the Tree Cities of the World Program and was invited to a conference at the “Congresso Brasileiro e Ibero-Americano de Arborização Urbana. Urban Forestry in the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration”, in sept-oct 2021. This event took place at the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, and was promoted by the Graduate Program in Natural Resources (PGRN_UFMS), in partnership with the Graduate Program in Local Development, from the Catholic University D. Bosco (PGDL_UCDB) and the Brazilian Society of Urban Forestry (SBAU), the Brazil Chapter of International Society of Arboriculture (ISA). The interview was conducted after the event ended and reflects its commitment to the theme of green infrastructure and community involvement.
N-(Benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-((5-chlorobenzoxazol-2-yl)amino)butanamide
Authors: Pilotzi-Xahuentitla Hugo , Canche-Naal Gabriela del Carmen , Ortiz-Andrade Rolffy Ruben , Navarrete-Vázquez Gabriel , Hernández-Núñez Emanuel 
Published: June 2024

Benzazoles, such as benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, are compounds with important biological and pharmacological activities and important intermediaries in synthesis. This report presents a linear synthesis of a butanamide derived from linking 5-chloro-2-aminobenzoxazole and 2-aminobenzothiazole via 4-chlorobutanoyl chloride. The corresponding compound N-(benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-((5-chlorobenzoxazol-2-yl)aminobutanamide was obtained in good [PVG1] yield using accessible starting materials and methodology in two reaction steps. Furthermore, we made docking studies of this compound on 3-TOP protein to explore its potential as an antidiabetic agent with an excellent yield.
Identification of SNPs in the Second Intron of IGF2BP1 and Their Association with Growth Traits in Nanjiang Yellow Goat
Authors: Chen Shuheng , Xu Liang , Len Junchen , Chen Zitong , Chen Yu , Li Li , Zhang Hongping , Li Mingzhou , Cao Jiaxue 
Published: June 2024

Insulin-like Growth Factor 2 mRNA binding Protein 1 (IGF2BP1) is a promising candidate gene for influencing economic traits in livestock and poultry. The second intronic region of IGF2BP1 is closely related to growth traits, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. The preliminary resequencing results of goats in our laboratory demonstrated that the IGF2BP1 gene region was subject to strong selection, then we selected multiple single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to identify. Seven SNPs were located in the conserved region of the second intron, and their functions and relationship with growth traits require further clarification. This study selected 348 Nanjiang Yellow goats as experimental subjects, and chose Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (MALDI-TOF) as the main method. Our results showed that six SNPs were significantly correlated with the growth traits of the Nanjiang yellow goat by association analysis. Among them, the rs652062749(A&gt;G) was identified as the primary locus affecting the later stage of growth traits of Nanjiang yellow goat. Moreover, there was a strong linkage among three SNPs, and the rs638185407 (T&gt;A) mutant type was observed to increase the luciferase activity in H293T cells extremely significantly. The TTAACT, TTCCCC, and ATCACT combination genotypes were dominant combination genotypes, which provided theoretical references for further genetic co-breeding. The results of our study demonstrate the potential role of the IGF2BP1 gene as a functional genetic marker in the breeding programs of Nanjiang Yellow goats.
Education Forum: Restrictive Covenants (Non-competes) in Orthopaedic Fellowships: What Every Resident Should Know Before Applying to Fellowship
Authors: Hustedt Joshua W. , Spangehl Mark J. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
More than 90% of orthopaedic surgery residents in the United States complete a fellowship program. While there is significant oversight of the educational process and rights of residents during residency, there is little standardization in fellowships in the United States. Applicants to fellowship need to be aware that they may be required to sign restrictive covenants (“non-competes”) as part of the fellowship application or acceptance process. These restrictive covenants may be designed to protect the business interests of the host institution but may affect the fellow's ability to obtain employment in a geographic region.

Methods:
A review of society websites designed to education fellowship applicants was reviewed. Information was gathered on whether the society provided information on restrictive covenants in fellowship programs.

Results:
There is little standardization of restrictive covenants in orthopedic fellowships in the United States. Only accredited fellowships prohibit restrictive covenants in orthopedic fellowships. Pediatrics is the only sub-specialty society that provides information to applicants on restrictive covenants for fellowship applicants.

Conclusion:
The current lack of standardization in the fellowship process means applicants need to be well versed in these restrictive covenants before applying. In turn, fellowships themselves, as well as subspecialty societies, should seek to be transparent in providing information on restrictive covenant requirements of their respective fellowships.