bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer’s diseases in America, Europe, and Asian regions: a global genetic variation
Authors: Hossain Rahni , Noonong Kunwadee , Nuinoon Manit , Lao-On Udom , Norris Christopher M. , Sompol Pradoldej , Rahman Md. Atiar , Majima Hideyuki J. , Tangpong Jitbanjong 
Published: May 2024

Background
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the multifaceted neurodegenerative diseases influenced by many genetic and epigenetic factors. Genetic factors are merely not responsible for developing AD in the whole population. The studies of genetic variants can provide significant insights into the molecular basis of Alzheimer’s disease. Our research aimed to show how genetic variants interact with environmental influences in different parts of the world.

Methodology
We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for articles exploring the relationship between genetic variations and global regions such as America, Europe, and Asia. We aimed to identify common genetic variations susceptible to AD and have no significant heterogeneity. To achieve this, we analyzed 35 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 17 genes (ABCA7, APOE, BIN1, CD2AP, CD33, CLU, CR1, EPHA1, TOMM40, MS4A6A, ARID5B, SORL1, APOC1, MTHFD1L, BDNF, TFAM, and PICALM) from different regions based on previous genomic studies of AD. It has been reported that rs3865444, CD33, is the most common polymorphism in the American and European populations. From TOMM40 and APOE rs2075650, rs429358, and rs6656401, CR1 is the common investigational polymorphism in the Asian population.

Conclusion
The results of all the research conducted on AD have consistently shown a correlation between genetic variations and the incidence of AD in the populations of each region. This review is expected to be of immense value in future genetic research and precision medicine on AD, as it provides a comprehensive understanding of the genetic factors contributing to the development of this debilitating disease.
Relationship between Teacher Professional Development and use for ICT in Teaching and Learning in Primary Schools in Sabuli Sub-County, Wajir County
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed Issak , Ali Aden , Rotich Stephen 
Published: May 2024

Information and communication technology use in education has become an indispensable aspect in the contemporary education system. This explains why many governments including Kenya government have invested in information and communication technology to foster the quality of education. However, despite efforts to avail information and communication technology resources, their use and impact on instructional delivery has been minimal, especially in primary schools in Kenya. Consequently, there has been concern on relationship between availability of information and communication technology and teacher professional development in primary schools. This situation has necessitated the proposed study which is aimed at assessing the relationship between teacher professional development and use for ICT in teaching and learning in primary schools in Sabuli sub-county, Wajir County, Kenya. The study used correlation research design. The target population 94 teacher comprising 30 head teachers and 64 teachers of primary schools in Sabuli sub-county, Wajir County. Given the small number of teachers in public primary schools in Sabuli sub county, the study purposively selected all teachers and head teachers as participant to avoid reducing the ambiguity of a study. Thus, the sample population was 94 respondents. The researcher gathered data using questionnaires from teachers and used semi-structured interview for head-teachers. Data was analysed using descriptive and regression statistics. The findings highlight a statistically significant positive relationship between teacher professional development and ICT use, indicating a direct relationship between the two variables.
Apparent and True Digestibility in Clarias gariepinus, Burchell, 1822 FED Soyabean Meal Based Diets Supplemented with Protease
Authors: Oyedokun Jacob Oyeleye , Ogunwole Olugbenga Adeniran , Adene Ibidun Comfort , Oladele Ademuyiwa Hafiz , Sunday Yewande , Obosi Kenneth , Fawole Olaolu Olalekan 
Published: May 2024

Soyabean meal (SBM) could be a suitable replacement for the expensive fishmeal but for its low digestibility in fish. However, protease supplementation could improve digestibility of SBM based diets. Therefore, apparent and true digestibility in Clarias gariepinus fed SBM based diets supplemented with protease were investigated. Six diets containing varied inclusion levels of protease (ppm) in solvent extracted soybean-based diets (SESBD) were formulated; Control (without protease), SS100 (100), SS200 (200), SS300 (300), SS400 (400), SS500 (500). The Clarias gariepinus (n=720) weighing 12.00±0.10g were fed to satiation with the diets for 12 weeks. Each treatment was in triplicate. Protease supplementation significantly (P<0.05) influenced the weight gain of C. gariepinus with the higher value in fish fed SS400 (44.63±3.13) and least value in control diet (32.03±0.65). FCR had a significantly (P<0.05) least value in C. gariepinus fed SS400 (1.62±0.18) but similar (P>0.05) to C. gariepinus diet SS300 (1.88±0.11). Supplemental protease in soyabean-based diet improved (P<0.05) apparent protein digestibility of C. gariepinus on diet SS400 (87.38±1.10) but similar (P>0.05) to C. gariepinus on diet SS200 (87.29±0.97). Also, true lysine digestibility was enhanced with protease supplementation in soybean-based diet with the higher value in diet SS200 (95.90±0.07). Optimal FCR occurred SESBD of 350ppm dietary inclusion (R2= 0.8147) of protease. The findings suggest that, protease supplementation in solvent extracted soyabean based diet could improve growth performance and amino acid digestibility in C. gariepinus at 350ppm inclusion level.
Screening of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Genotypes for High Yield Potential in Mid Hills Region of Himachal Pradesh
Authors: Yogita . , Srishti . 
Published: May 2024

Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most important bulbous vegetable crops, belongs to the family Amaryllidaceae. Thirty genotypes were taken under study. Sufficient significant variation was observed among all the genotypes for all the characters under study. The maximum plant height was seen in the genotype UHF-ONI-13 (69.08 cm) while, minimum in the genotype UHF-ONI-7 (34.15 cm). Highest polar diameter and equatorial were represented by the genotype UHF-ONI-13 (5.59 cm) and Bhima Kiran (5.99 cm), respectively. There were nine genotypes which exhibited globular shape, three showed torpedo shape and eighteen showed flat shape. The majority, comprising 18 genotypes, exhibited a dark red color for their bulb skinThe genotype recorded to have earliest 50 per cent neck fall was UHF-ONI-4 (129.67 days). Maximum bulb weight was recorded by the genotype UHF-ONI-13 (82.95 g). Bulb yield per plot and per hectare was observed maximum in UHF-ONI-13 (8.19 kg and 436.86 q). UHF-ONI-13, UHF-ONI-15 and UHF-ONI-16 performed better than other genotypes for yield and other imperative horticultural characters. Thus, these genotypes can be used for further breeding improvement programmes of onion for different traits.
Monetary Policy, Digitalisation and Banking Industry Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Enebeli-Uzor Sunday , Mukhtar Adam 
Published: May 2024

In the evolving financial landscape of Nigeria, the interplay between monetary policy and digitalization significantly influences the performance metrics of banks. This study explores the multifaceted impact of these two critical factors on the Nigerian banking sector. Monetary policy, orchestrated by the Central Bank of Nigeria, regulates the economy's money supply, affecting banks' lending behaviors and liquidity. Digitalization, on the other hand, offers a transformative potential for banks to enhance operational efficiency, customer experience, and service delivery through technological advancements. The study examines how money supply, lending rate and digitalization (proxied by mobile cell subscription) affect banks’ financial performance, focusing on bank credit and liquid assets, while controlling for inflation and exchange rate variables. It also examines the interaction between digitalization and monetary policy variables on bank performance. Employing an interactive multiple regression model, the study analyzes time series data from 1996 to 2022 sourced from the World Bank. Findings indicate that while stringent monetary policies can constrain bank performance by tightening credit and reducing liquidity, digitalization provides an opportunity for banks to counteract these effects through enhanced efficiency. However, the successful integration of digital technologies is contingent upon adequate investment, regulatory support, and strategic alignment with the banks’ core objectives. The study concludes that Nigerian banks must adeptly manage monetary policy fluctuations and leverage digitalization to sustain and enhance performance. These insights could guide policy formulation and strategic decision-making within the banking industry.
Simvastatin treatment prevents oxidative damage to DNA in whole blood leukocytes of dyslipidemic type 2 diabetic patients
Authors: Manfredini Vanusa , Biancini Giovana Brondani , Vanzin Camila Simioni , Dal Vesco Anna Maria Ribeiro , Cipriani Franciele , Biasi Lidiana , Treméa Roberta , Deon Marion , Peralba Maria do Carmo Ruaro , Wajner Moacir , Vargas Carmen Regla 
Published: June 2010

AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased oxidative stress as indicated by elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation products. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause damage to biological macromolecules including DNA, this study investigated oxidative damage to DNA using the alkaline (pH > 13) comet assay in peripheral whole blood leukocytes sampled from 15 dyslipidemic T2D patients treated with simvastatin (20 mg/day), 15 dyslipidemic T2D patients not treated with simvastatin, 20 non‐dyslipidemic T2D patients, and 20 healthy individuals (controls). Our results showed a greater DNA migration in terms of damage index (DI) (p < 0.01) in the dyslipidemic T2D patients not treated with statin (DI = 67.70 ± 10.89) when compared to the dyslipidemic T2D patients under statin treatment (DI = 47.56 ± 7.02), non‐dyslipidemic T2D patients (DI = 52.25 ± 9.14), and controls (DI = 13.20 ± 6.40). Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and C‐reactive protein (CRP) levels were also increased and total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) and paraoxonase activity (PON1) decreased in non‐dyslipidemic T2D patients and dyslipidemic T2D non‐treated with simvastatin. We also found that DI was inversely correlated with TAR (r = −0.61, p < 0.05) and PON1 (r = −0.67, p < 0.01). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between DI and CRP (r = 0.80, p < 0.01). Our results therefore indicate that simvastatin treatment plays a protective role on oxidative damage to DNA in dyslipidemic T2D patients probably reflecting a general decrease in oxidative stress in these patients. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In vitro effects of 2‐methoxyestradiol‐bis‐sulphamate on the non‐tumorigenic MCF‐12A cell line
Authors: Vorster Christiaan Jacob Johan , Joubert Anna Margaretha 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA priority in recent anti‐cancer drug development has been attaining better side‐effect profiles for potential compounds. To produce highly specific cancer therapies it is necessary to understand both the effects of the proposed compound on cancer and on normal cells comprising the rest of the human body. Thus in vitro evaluation of these compounds against non‐carcinogenic cell lines is of critical importance. One of the most recent developments in experimental anti‐cancer agents is 2‐methoxyestradiol‐bis‐sulphamate (2ME‐BM), a sulphamoylated derivative of 2‐methoxyestradiol. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effects of 2ME‐BM on cell proliferation, morphology and mechanisms of cell death in the non‐carcinogenic MCF‐12A breast epithelial cell line. The study revealed changes in proliferative capacity, morphology and cell death induction in response to 2ME‐BM exposure (24 h at 0.4 µM). Microscopy showed decreased cell density and cell death‐associated morphology (increased apoptotic characteristics), a slight increase in acidic intracellular vesicles and insignificant ultra‐structural aberrations. Mitotic indices revealed a G2M‐phase cell cycle block. This was confirmed by flow cytometry, where an increased fraction of abnormal cells and a decrease in cyclin B1 levels were observed. These results evidently demonstrate that the non‐carcinogenic MCF‐12A cell line is less susceptible when compared to 2ME‐BM‐exposed cancer cell lines previously tested. Further in vitro research into the mechanism of this potentially useful compound is warranted. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ChemInform Abstract: Present State of the Art and Future Challenges in the Hydrodesulfurization of Polyaromatic Sulfur Compounds.
Authors: WHITEHURST D. D. , ISODA T. , MOCHIDA I. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: RECAP — Retrosynthetic Combinatorial Analysis Procedure: A Powerful New Technique for Identifying Privileged Molecular Fragments with Useful Applications in Combinatorial Chemistry.
Authors: LEWELL X. Q. , JUDD D. B. , WATSON S. P. , HANN M. M. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
Simultaneous detection of genetically modified organisms by multiplex ligation‐dependent genome amplification and capillary gel electrophoresis with laser‐induced fluorescence
Authors: García‐Cañas Virginia , Mondello Monica , Cifuentes Alejandro 
Published: June 2010

AbstractIn this work, an innovative method useful to simultaneously analyze multiple genetically modified organisms is described. The developed method consists in the combination of multiplex ligation‐dependent genome dependent amplification (MLGA) with CGE and LIF detection using bare‐fused silica capillaries. The MLGA process is based on oligonucleotide constructs, formed by a universal sequence (vector) and long specific oligonucleotides (selectors) that facilitate the circularization of specific DNA target regions. Subsequently, the circularized target sequences are simultaneously amplified with the same couple of primers and analyzed by CGE‐LIF using a bare‐fused silica capillary and a run electrolyte containing 2‐hydroxyethyl cellulose acting as both sieving matrix and dynamic capillary coating. CGE‐LIF is shown to be very useful and informative for optimizing MLGA parameters such as annealing temperature, number of ligation cycles, and selector probes concentration. We demonstrate the specificity of the method in detecting the presence of transgenic DNA in certified reference and raw commercial samples. The method developed is sensitive and allows the simultaneous detection in a single run of percentages of transgenic maize as low as 1% of GA21, 1% of MON863, and 1% of MON810 in maize samples with signal‐to‐noise ratios for the corresponding DNA peaks of 15, 12, and 26, respectively. These results demonstrate, to our knowledge for the first time, the great possibilities of MLGA techniques for genetically modified organisms analysis.
The loudness dependence auditory evoked potential is insensitive to acute changes in serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission
Authors: Oliva Jessica , Leung Sumie , Croft Rodney J. , O'Neill Barry V. , O'Kane Joanne , Stout Julie , Phan K. Luan , Nathan Pradeep J. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBackgroundThe loudness dependence of the auditory evoked potential (LDAEP) has been proposed as an electrophysiological marker for assessing serotonergic function in vivo in humans, although accumulating evidence suggests that it is insensitive to acute changes in serotonergic neurotransmission. Very little is known about the sensitivity of the LDAEP to other neurotransmitter systems including the noradrenergic system. The current study examined the effects of noradrenergic modulation as well as serotonergic modulation on the LDAEP.MethodsThe study utilised a double‐blind placebo‐controlled design in which the LDAEP in 17 healthy males and females was tested following acute administration of each of citalopram (20 mg), reboxetine (4 mg) and placebo.ResultsNeither citalopram nor reboxetine modulated the LDAEP relative to placebo treatment (p > 0.05).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the LDAEP is insensitive to acute changes in serotonergic or noradrenergic neurotransmission and thus is a poor pharmacodynamic marker of these systems. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of nicotine on saccadic eye movement latencies in non‐smokers
Authors: Bowling Alison C. , Donnelly James F. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractObjectiveRecently, saccadic eye movement tasks have been used to assess the effects of nicotine on higher cognitive processes, including inhibitory control. Saccadic task switching methods suggest that there is prolonged inhibition of the saccadic eye movement system following antisaccade trials. The objective of this research was to examine effects of nicotine on inhibition using saccadic task switching paradigms.MethodsNicotine and placebo lozenges were administered on separate days to 40 non‐smokers who performed prosaccade and antisaccade tasks. In addition, participants performed a series of trials in which prosaccade and antisaccade tasks were switched. Eye movement latencies were recorded.ResultsParticipants responded significantly faster for the nicotine condition than for the placebo condition. A switch benefit was observed for only placebo antisaccade trials, in that latencies of repetition trials were significantly longer than those of switch trials. In addition, an analysis of the repetition trials showed an interaction between saccade type and sequence position for the placebo condition, but not the nicotine condition.ConclusionInhibition persists after antisaccade trials in a switching paradigm, but that the duration of this inhibition is reduced by nicotine. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
N‐Boc‐Histidine‐Capped PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA as a Smart Polymer for Drug Delivery Sensitive to Tumor Extracellular pH
Authors: Chang Guangtao , Li Chong , Lu Weiyue , Ding Jiandong 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA pH‐sensitive polymer was synthesized by introducing the N‐Boc‐histidine to the ends of a PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA block copolymer. The synthesized polymer was confirmed to be biodegradable and biocompatible, well dissolved in water and forming micelles above the CMC. DOX was employed as a model anticancer drug. In vitro drug release from micelles of N‐Boc‐histidine‐capped PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA exhibited significant difference between pH = 6.2 and pH = 7.4, whereas DOX release from micelles composed of un‐capped virgin polymers was not significantly sensitive to medium pH. Uptake of DOX from micelles of the new polymer into MDA‐MB‐435 solid tumor cells was also observed, and pH sensitivity was confirmed. Hence, the N‐Boc‐histidine capped PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA might be a promising material for tumor targeting.magnified image
Synthesis and Characterization of New Polyurea Elastomers by Sol/Gel Chemistry
Authors: Sánchez‐Ferrer Antoni , Rogez Daniel , Martinoty Philippe 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA series of elastomers based on polyurea chemistry is synthesized by crosslinking amino‐terminated polyethers with a triisocyanate using an appropriate solvent, which slowed down the reactivity of the amino groups. Control of the reactivity allows the shaping of the material, and films of defined thickness can be achieved for mechanical testing. The strength of the final network can be tuned by the crosslinking density of the network chemical constitution. The resulting materials show a good thermal stability and promising mechanical enhancement.magnified image
Patterning of Tailored Polycarbonate Based Non‐Chemically Amplified Resists Using Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography
Authors: Yu Anguang , Liu Heping , Blinco James P. , Jack Kevin S. , Leeson Michael , Younkin Todd R. , Whittaker Andrew K. , Blakey Idriss 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA series of high‐performance polycarbonates have been prepared with glass‐transition temperatures and decomposition temperatures that are tunable by varying the repeat‐unit chemical structure. Patterning of the polymers with extreme UV lithography has been achieved by taking advantage of direct photoinduced chain scission of the polymer chains, which results in a molecular‐weight based solubility switch. After selective development of the irradiated regions of the polymers, feature sizes as small as 28.6 nm have been printed and the importance of resist‐developer interactions for maximizing image quality has been demonstrated.magnified image
Kalorimetrische Messungen der Kristallisations‐und Schmelzvorgänge an Polymeren
Authors: Müller F. H. , Martin H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractCrystallizing and melting of polymers as a function of sample history is investigated by means of a differential thermal analytic method developed for quantitative evaluation. Crystallization and the subsequent melting of the same polymer occur at temperatures differing by 12 to 18°C. The melt temperature and the time of keeping the sample in the molten state, the cooling rate and the course of cooling have a reproducible effect on the subsequent melting. The crystallization is followed at constant temperature, and the crystallization rate is evaluated. Application of the Avrami method gives agreement with similar density and refractive index measurements.
Differentialkalorimetrische Messungen an verschieden verzweigten und verschieden chlorierten polyäthylenen in Verbindung mit Röntgenmessungen
Authors: Hellmuth E. , Kilian H. G. , Müller F. H. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractBranched or partially chlorinated polyethylenes may be considered as copolymers, the branching or chlorinated sites forming the noncryatallizing components. Melting curves are calculated according to Flory and compared to experimental curves on well annealed samples. A normalized conversion (fitting) function is obtained which is largely independent of the nature and concentration of the noncrystallizing component. By means of the fitting function conclusions are possible on the deviation from tlier mo dynamic equilibrium, on the crystallite size distribution and on the heterogeneous small angle scattering behavior.