bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Optimization at 8000m in South China Sea
Authors: Jia Bessie Bing , Si Yang Li , Scaruffi William , Huang Ying Shi , Tran Thanh Binh , Habib Rana Khalid 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The Huizhou (HZ) 25-4 oil field, in the Pearl River Mouth basin of the South China Sea, has multiple oil-bearing zones. To economically exploit this discovery, it was decided to use the already existing HZ 19-2 platform. This platform was located 6 km southwest of the target, which meant drilling extended reach wells to the target. The small drilling package on the platform, the need for extended reach drilling (ERD), and the stress directions contributed to the complexity of the drilling. To accommodate the stresses and the target, the well trajectories require more than 90° azimuth change toward the end. To reach the target, the well path must cross a fault and cut through geologically unstable formations. To optimally drain the thin oil- bearing sands, the well needs to be placed horizontally in the target, making these complex ERD wells.
The paper presents the integrated approach to optimization between the operator and the contractor to drill these challenging wells. The paper details the challenges of planning, executing, and refining the process of drilling consecutively more complex ERD wells, each with a progressively higher ERD ratio. The integrated approach involves various teams from engineering, subsurface, and operations support working closely to efficiently execute these complex wells. In addition, the paper examines the performance of new emerging technologies such as the continuous circulating system to address the wellbore instability caused by changes in equivalent circulating density (ECD) and the use of lightweight aluminum drillpipe to minimize torque, drag, and side forces. To minimize true vertical depth (TVD) uncertainty, a high-accuracy survey program combined with logging while drilling (LWD) were used to optimally land and place the well horizontally while minimizing tortuosity.
From Humans to Humanoids: the Optimal Control Framework
Authors: Ivaldi Serena , Sigaud Olivier , Berret Bastien , Nori Francesco 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIn the last years of research in cognitive control, neuroscience and humanoid robotics have converged to different frameworks which aim, on one side, at modeling and analyzing human motion, and, on the other side, at enhancing motor abilities of humanoids. In this paper we try to cover the gap between the two areas, giving an overview of the literature in the two fields which concerns the production of movements. First, we survey computational motor control models based on optimality principles; then, we review available implementations and techniques to transfer these principles to humanoid robots, with a focus on the limitations and possible improvements of the current implementations. Moreover, we propose Stochastic Optimal Control as a framework to take into account delays and noise, thus catching the unpredictability aspects typical of both humans and humanoids systems. Optimal Control in general can also easily be integrated with Machine Learning frameworks, thus resulting in a computational implementation of human motor learning. This survey is mainly addressed to roboticists attempting to implement human-inspired controllers on robots, but can also be of interest for researchers in other fields, such as computational motor control.
Siderophore production by Gram-negative rods isolated from human polymicrobial infections
Authors: Mokracka Joanna , Cichoszewska Ewa , Kaznowski Adam 
Published: July 2012

Siderophore production by Gram-negative rods isolated from human polymicrobial infections
A total of 137 strains isolated from 67 mixed bacterial infections were examined for production and interchangeability of siderophores. The isolates comprised 109 strains belonging to 15 species of Enterobacteriaceae and 28 isolates of 6 species of non-fermenting rods. In 36 mixed infections (53.7%), the strains secreted siderophores of the same type. This concerned mostly strains belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae (46.3%), which produced enterobactin. We selected 37 pairs of strains that produced different siderophores. The strains examined were not able to use siderophores produced by the other isolate of the pair, except for 3 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that used chelators excreted by enterobactin-producing E. coli. Our research indicates that in mixed polymicrobial infections the interchangeability of siderophores is possible, although it seems to be rare. More common is the production and secretion of the same chelator by strains participating in one infection, which definitely leads to an increase in the amount of iron chelator at the site of infection and, consequently, may enhance the virulence potential of bacteria, as the amount of siderophore seems to be directly related to the pathogenicity of a strain.
Effect of fatty acid content on the level of cottonseed colonization by fungi
Authors: Aly Aly , Hussein Ezzat , Omar Moawad , El-Abbasi Ibrahim , Abd-Elsalam Kamel 
Published: July 2012

Effect of fatty acid content on the level of cottonseed colonization by fungi
Non-sterilized seeds of 12 Egyptain cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) genotypes were examined for qualitative and quantitative estimates of seed-borne fungi. Rhizopus stolonifer (39.7%), Aspergillus niger (33.5%), and Penicillium sp. (23.3%) were the most predominant fungi isolated from the seeds. Other fungi occurred at frequencies that ranged from 0.3 to 17.7%. Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) analysis of fatty acid composition of the seeds revealed the presence of the following fatty acids: caproic, caprylic, capric, lauric, myristic, palmitic, margaric, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic. The total mean percentage of the monounsaturated fatty acids was 59.11%, while that of the unsaturated fatty acids was 16.72%. Isolation frequencies of Alternaria alternata, A. flavus, A. niger were not significantly correlated with the content of any fatty acid. Isolation frequencies of the other fungi were significantly correlated with the content of 1-2 fatty acids. Cladosporium sp. was a notable exception because its isolation frequency was significantly correlated with the content of caproic (r = 0.926, p < 0.01), caprylic (r = 0.638, p < 0.05), palmitic (r = -0.586, p < 0.05), and linoleic acid (r = 0.917, p < 0.01). It was possible to group the isolated fungi into 5 distinct categories based on their sensitivity to the fatty acids (the magnitude of R2 values). The results of the present investigation suggest that certain fatty acids regulate the colonization of cottonseed by fungi, and that the control of these fungi may be possible by modifying the fatty acid content of the seed.
False spider mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) as pests on orchids (Phalaenopsis hybrids) in Poland
Authors: Łabanowski Gabriel , Soika Grazyna 
Published: July 2012

False spider mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) as pests on orchids (Phalaenopsis hybrids) in Poland
So far, no false spider mites have been reported from orchids in Poland. This paper provides information about Tenuipalpus pacificus Baker, which was recorded for the first time in Poland, on Phalaenopsis hybrids imported from China. Diagnostic characters are also given for Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes), which was up to this time not found on orchids in Poland. It was earlier found on orchids only in Hawaii. The types of injuries caused by false spider mites and results of chemical control of T. pacificus with various acaricides are given. The best results were observed after repeated treatment with Ortus 05 SC (fenpyroximate).
Varying abundance and dispersal of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836, Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) on Mi-tomato plants differing in allelic combination
Authors: Godzina Monika , Kiełkiewicz Małgorzata , Szymczykiewicz Katarzyna 
Published: July 2012

Varying abundance and dispersal of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836, Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae) on Mi-tomato plants differing in allelic combination
It is well known that the presence of the Mi-1.2 gene determines the resistance of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) to 3 root-knot nematode species and some insect herbivores of the order Hemiptera. In this study, the density and dispersal of two-spotted spider mites (Tetranychus urticae) on tomato plants of 4 cultivars were evaluated under greenhouse conditions, to find out whether tomatoes differing in allelic combination of the Mi-1.2 gene exhibit similar or different resistance to the mite pest. The results show, for the first time, that the same initial number of mites develops into populations that vary in abundance and distribution depending on tomato allelic composition of the Mi-1.2 gene. The results indicate that the mite-pest develops more slowly on tomato plants of cultivar ‘Motelle’, carrying 2 dominant alleles for the Mi-1.2 gene, than on heterozygous ‘Altess F1’ tomatoes and both cultivars carrying only recessive alleles of this gene: ‘Moneymaker’ and ‘Plaisence F1’. This suggests that the Mi-1.2 gene may be involved in tomato resistance against spider mites when this dominant gene is expressed homozygously, but this needs to be verified by further research.
Supporting Regenerative Medicine by Integrative Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: Mulas F. , Zagar L. , Zupan B. , Bellazzi R. 
Published: July 2012

SummaryObjective: The assessment of the developmental potential of stem cells is a crucial step towards their clinical application in regenerative medicine. It has been demonstrated that genome-wide expression profiles can predict the cellular differentiation stage by means of dimensionality reduction methods. Here we show that these techniques can be further strengthened to support decision making with i) a novel strategy for gene selection; ii) methods for combining the evidence from multiple data sets.Methods: We propose to exploit dimensionality reduction methods for the selection of genes specifically activated in different stages of differentiation. To obtain an integrated predictive model, the expression values of the selected genes from multiple data sets are combined. We investigated distinct approaches that either aggregate data sets or use learning ensembles.Results: We analyzed the performance of the proposed methods on six publicly available data sets. The selection procedure identified a reduced subset of genes whose expression values gave rise to an accurate stage prediction. The assessment of predictive accuracy demonstrated a high quality of predictions for most of the data integration methods presented.Conclusion: The experimental results highlighted the main potentials of proposed approaches. These include the ability to predict the true staging by combining multiple training data sets when this could not be inferred from a single data source, and to focus the analysis on a reduced list of genes of similar predictive performance.
Media and Information Literacy: Pedagogy and Possibilities
Authors: Wilson Carolyn 
Published: July 2012

This paper will present an overview of UNESCO’s Media and Information Literacy (MIL) Curriculum for Teachers. This overview includes an exploration of key program areas for trainers in order to teach key issues related to MIL and the competences needed for developing programs. These program areas include: a conceptual and organizational framework; production and use of information; media texts and information sources; evaluation and analysis; media audiences; democratic discourse and social participation; approaches for curriculum adaptation, and pedagogical approaches for the classroom (textual analysis, contextual analysis, case study, translation, simulation and production). After introducing these key areas of the program, the paper will conclude by offering recommendations for the successful development, adaptation and implementation of MIL Programs. Main recommendations are: curriculums leaders have to be available for training, support and consultation, promotion of teachers network who are implementing MIL initiatives, inclusion in official papers of educational curriculums, analyzing needs of the students before implementing modules of the curriculum, facilitating online resources for teachers, professionalizing MIL teachers, promoting collaboration between community members (family, teachers, students, other stakeholders), and finally research to identify best practices and new trends to be developed.
Este artículo presenta una visión general del Currículum UNESCO de Alfabetización Mediática e Informacional (MIL) para profesores, mostrando las áreas clave y temas relevantes del programa, así como las competencias necesarias para desarrollar estrategias didácticas de alfabetización mediática. Las áreas incluyen: un marco conceptual y organizativo; producción y uso de la información; textos mediáticos y fuentes de información; su evaluación y análisis; audiencias mediáticas; debate y participación social; los modelos de adaptación del currículum, y los modelos pedagógicos a utilizar en el aula (análisis de texto, análisis del contexto, estudios de caso, traducción, simulación y producción). Una vez presentadas las áreas clave del programa, se presenta una serie de recomendaciones para el desarrollo, adaptación e implementación del Currículum UNESCO con éxito. Así se destaca que la importancia de la formación de los líderes; la importancia de los soportes y el asesoramiento; la promoción de redes de profesores implicados; inclusión de la alfabetización en los documentos oficiales educativos; el análisis de las necesidades de los estudiantes antes de la implementación de los módulos en el currículum; la urgencia de facilitar recursos on-line al profesorado; de profesionalizar el profesorado; de promover la colaboración entre los miembros de la comunidad (familias, profesorado, estudiantes, y otros agentes), y finalmente promover la investigación en alfabetización mediática para identificar las mejores prácticas y las nuevas tendencias en el campo de estudio.
Challenges and Risks of Internet Use by Children. How to Empower Minors?
Authors: Tejedor-Calvo Santiago , Pulido-Rodríguez Cristina María 
Published: July 2012

The aim of this paper is to reflect critically, using the latest data taken from reports, research, publications and other sources, on how to empower children in their daily Internet browsing given current online risks. These risks faced by children are a real concern for teachers, families and researchers and this article will focus on analyzing those online risks which produce the most emotional distress for children, namely grooming and cyberbullying. The use of the Internet, and the ease with which information or situations can be seen on it, has broken the social taboos associated with the risks that children are exposed to. Data such as 44% of children in Spain having felt sexually harassed on the Internet at any time in 2002, or 20% of U.S. children suffering cyberbullying according to a survey of 4,400 students in 2010, indicates the severity of the problem. Therefore, as stated in UNESCO’s MIL Curriculum for Teachers (Media and Information Literacy), it is necessary to work on the responsible use of the Internet by children and to empower them to reduce the possibility of them becoming future victims or bullies. At the end of the article we will develop a list of recommendations to be considered in the design of educational activities focused on the critical training of the minor’s use of the Internet.
El objetivo de este artículo es reflexionar críticamente, a partir de una selección de últimos informes, investigaciones, publicaciones y otras fuentes, sobre las orientaciones de cómo «empoderar» a los y las menores frente a los riesgos on-line actuales. Entre los diferentes riesgos quisiéramos destacar los que más violencia emocional producen; las situaciones de «grooming» o ciberacoso, cada vez más visibles y urgentes de prevenir conjuntamente. El uso de Internet y la facilidad de visibilizar cualquier información o situación ha permitido romper el tabú social respecto a estos riesgos. Datos como el que el 44% de menores en España se había sentido acosado sexualmente en Internet en alguna ocasión en el 2002, o el que el 20% de niños en Estados Unidos sufría ciberacoso, según una encuesta realizada a 4.400 estudiantes en el 2010, nos indican la gravedad de la problemática. Por ello, tal y como se recoge en el Currículum MIL de la UNESCO para profesores (Media and Information Literacy), es necesario trabajar el uso responsable de Internet por parte de los y las menores, para empoderarlos evitando que puedan convertirse en futuras víctimas o acosadores. A partir de los riesgos reales que pueden padecer, así como las respuestas científicas y sociales que se han dado al respecto, elaboraremos una serie de recomendaciones a tener en cuenta en el diseño de actividades educativas enfocadas a la capacitación crítica de los y las menores en cuanto su uso de Internet.
Bâle 3 et la réhabilitation du ratio de levier des banques
Authors: Rugemintwari Clovis , Sauviat Alain , Tarazi Amine 
Published: July 2012

Résumé Depuis la crise des subprimes , une grande refonte du cadre réglementaire des banques s’est engagée aboutissant, en décembre 2010, à la publication du dispositif connu sous le nom de Bâle 3. Parmi ses éléments constitutifs, il y a notamment le retour de la contrainte sur le levier des banques. Cet article expose les justifications théoriques de la nécessité de cette contrainte en complément du ratio de capital pondéré ainsi que les enseignements des expériences américaine et canadienne de coexistence de ces deux contraintes. Elle discute ensuite de la mise en œuvre de ce ratio de levier telle qu’elle est envisagée dans Bâle 3.
Interactions in the New Keynesian DSGE Models: The Boltzmann–Gibbs Machine and Social Networks Approach
Authors: Chen Shu-Heng , Chang Chia-Ling 
Published: July 2012

Abstract
The Boltzmann–Gibbs distribution is currently widely used in economic modeling. One of the applications is integrated with the DSGE (Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium) model. However, a question that arises concerns whether the Boltzmann–Gibbs distribution can be directly applied, without considering the underlying social network structure more seriously, even though the social network structure is an important factor of social interaction. Therefore, this paper proposes two kinds of agent-based DSGE models. The first one belongs to mesoscopic modeling in formulating the social interaction with the Boltzmann–Gibbs machine, and the other one belongs to microscopic modeling in that it is augmented by the network-based ant machine. By comparing the population dynamics generated by those different agent-based DSGE models, we find that the Boltzmann–Gibbs machine offers a good approximation of herding behavior. However, it is difficult to envisage the population dynamics produced by the Boltzmann–Gibbs machine and by the network-based ant machine as having the same distribution, particularly in popular empirical network structures such as small world networks and scale-free networks. Thus, the social interaction behavior may not be replaced by the Boltzmann–Gibbs distribution.
Outside Case Review of Surgical Pathology for Referred Patients: The Impact on Patient Care
Authors: Swapp Ryan E. , Aubry Marie Christine , Salomão Diva R. , Cheville John C. 
Published: July 2012

Context.— Original surgical pathology materials from external sources are reviewed by our pathologists for referred patients before their clinical evaluation and treatment.
Objective.— To identify the rate of major disagreements with diagnoses from external institutions and to characterize the nature and impact of discordant diagnoses on patient care.
Design.— We identified and reviewed all surgical pathology cases, except for medical liver, medical renal, and cardiac pathology cases, for the period between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2010, to determine the overall frequency of major disagreements, defined as any change in diagnosis having a substantial impact on patient management.
Results.— Our review of 71 811 cases initially examined between 2005 and 2010 identified 457 major disagreements (0.6%). The most frequent areas of disagreement were gastrointestinal (80 cases; 17.5%), lymph node (73; 16.0%), bone/soft tissue (47; 10.3%), and genitourinary (43; 9.4%). For a subset of 166 cases reviewed between July 1, 2009, and December 31, 2010, follow-up data were available for 140 (84.3%). Treatment was affected by a changed diagnosis in 126 cases (90.0%), and prognosis was affected in 129 cases (92.1%). For 86 (51.8%) of the 166 cases, additional tissue was obtained. Revised diagnoses concurred with follow-up tissue diagnosis in 84.9% (73 cases), whereas they differed from follow-up tissue diagnosis in 15.1% (13 cases).
Conclusions.— Our findings demonstrate the value of outside case review of pathology materials for referred patients, and suggest that it decreases the likelihood of diagnostic errors and provides better protection for patients.
Keynes, une économie politique du capitalisme financier?
Authors: Tutin Christian 
Published: July 2012

Pour Keynes, le blocage de l’investissement à l’origine du chômage massif résulte du fonctionnement normal du système monétaire et financier. Parce qu’elle entraîne l’absence d’ajustement automatique de l’investissement et de l’épargne, l’indépendance du taux d’intérêt par rapport à l’épargne courante joue un rôle décisif dans cette explication. La récursivité du modèle keynésien repose ainsi entièrement sur la théorie monétaire de l’intérêt, malheureusement inacceptable en l’état. Trois pistes ont été ouvertes par Keynes pour justifier l’autonomie de l’intérêt : la notion de double circulation, introduite dans leTraité de la monnaie, le processus d’alignement des taux de rendement sur le taux monétaire présenté au chapitre 17 de laThéorie générale, et la notion de convention financière du chapitre 12, portant sur l’évaluation nominale du stock de capital. Cette dernière semble la plus prometteuse. Elle débouche sur l’idée que ce sont les marchés financiers, en tant que marchés de stocks, qui imposent une contrainte globale à l’investissement, rompant ainsi le jeu des interdépendances, en même temps qu’ils rendent les entrepreneurs dépendants d’une évaluation nominale de leur capital qui leur échappe. Suivre cette piste implique l’abandon de la théorie monétaire de l’intérêt telle que l’a formulée Keynes au profit d’une théorie du capital financier.
Pour une théorie de l’institution monétaire : actualité du Treatise on Money*
Authors: Pineault Éric 
Published: July 2012

Dans la première partie du Treatise on Money, Keynes se penche sur la nature de la monnaie en développant une approche que l’on peut qualifier « d’institutionnaliste ». Celle-ci inspire actuellement un foisonnement de travaux hétérodoxes sur la monnaie comme institution économique (Aglietta et Cartelier, 1999 ; Smithin, 2000). Nous souhaitons montrer qu’une théorie sociohistorique de l’institution monétaire peut puiser certains éléments conceptuels fondamentaux dans le Treatise on Money. Celui-ci contient des matériaux essentiels à la reconstruction de la sociologie de l’argent à partir d’une théorie de la monnaie comme unité de compte/moyen de paiement et d’une analyse du mode de production sociale de la monnaie-bancaire en tant qu’institution économique typiquement moderne.