bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of mixology courses and blood lead levels on dental caries among students
Authors: Chang Wei‐Hsiang , Yang Ya‐Hui , Liou Saou‐Hsing , Liu Ching‐Wen , Chen Chiu‐Ying , Fuh Lih‐Jyh , Huang Shih‐Li , Yang Chun‐Yuh , Wu Trong‐Neng 
Published: March 2010

Chang W‐H, Yang Y‐H, Liou S‐H, Liu C‐W, Chen C‐Y, Fuh L‐J, Huang S‐L, Yang C‐Y, Wu T‐N. Effects of mixology courses and blood lead levels on dental caries among students. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 222–227. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objective:  Dental caries can be affected by alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption also increases blood lead levels (BLLs) in humans and BLLs have been correlated with caries. Culinary students participate in mixology courses on either an elective or a mandatory basis. Therefore, we conducted this study to elucidate the effects of mixology courses and elevated BLLs on dental caries among students.Methods:  This study had a cross‐sectional design. We recruited first‐year at one hospitality college and one university in southern Taiwan in September 2004. We applied a questionnaire, collected a blood specimen and performed a dental caries examination for each student. The subjects comprised 133 students who had ever participated in a mixology course (≥2 credits) during high school (exposure group) and 160 who had not participated in such a course (control group).Results:  Compared with the control group, the exposure group had a higher prevalence of a DMFT index ≥0 (92.5% versus 81.2%, P = 0.005), a higher DMFT index [5.59 ± 3.53 (mean ± SD) versus 4.21 ± 3.64 teeth, P ≤ 0.001], and a higher BLL (3.12 ± 1.02 versus 2.67 ± 0.83 μg/dl, P ≤ 0.001). After adjustment for potential confounders, dental caries was significantly associated with participation in a mixology course.Conclusions:  Alcohol exposure associated with participation in a mixology course may have an effect on caries in students. These findings suggest that occupational safety and health education should be applied to students participating in mixology courses.
Predicting tooth loss for older adults with special needs
Authors: Chen Xi , Hodges James S , Shuman Stephen K , Gatewood Laël C , Xu Jia 
Published: March 2010

Chen X, Hodges JS, Shuman SK, Gatewood LC, Xu J. Predicting tooth loss for older adults with special needs. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 235–243. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objectives:  Older Adults with Special Needs (OASN) have more oral health needs compared with healthy, independent elders. Currently, little is known about tooth loss, a key indicator of oral function loss, among OASN. Risk assessment is primarily based on clinical experience rather than scientific evidence, raising concerns for quality of care. The study’s objective was to develop an evidence‐based model to quantitatively predict tooth loss for OASN.Methods:  Four hundred ninety‐one dentate older adults, including 235 from long‐term care facilities, were retrospectively recruited. Subjects were treated and brought to a state of oral health before enrollment. Medical and dental assessments were abstracted from dental records and used to predict risk of tooth loss. Tooth loss events were recorded for subjects during follow‐up. Multivariate negative‐binomial regression was used, starting with 27 risk factors and removing variables using Akaike’s Information Criterion. Pearson’s correlation was then conducted to evaluate the overall fit of the final fitted model.Results:  The final fitted model included eight predictors. Among them, age, number of decayed/broken teeth at arrival, anticholinergic burden of medications and physical mobility were associated with risk of tooth loss in OASN (P ≤ 0.05). Internal validation indicated satisfactory fit of the final fitted model.Conclusion:  An evidence‐based model with eight predictors was developed to quantitatively predict risk of tooth loss for OASN at the individual level.
Independent predictors of satisfaction in impacted third molar surgery patients
Authors: Kim YuKyoung , Kim SoungMin , Myoung Hoon 
Published: March 2010

Kim YK, Kim SM, Myoung H. Independent predictors of satisfaction in impacted third molar surgery patients. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2010; 38: 274–286. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/SAbstract –  Objectives:  Patient satisfaction and dissatisfaction are critical dimensions leading to favorable or unfavorable treatment outcomes. Although impacted third molar (ITM) surgery is one of the most common dental surgical procedures, it is a challenging operation because of numerous potential complications and patients generally suffer from severe psychosomatic symptoms as a result of severe perioperative anxiety. We hypothesize that multiple independent factors, including perioperative anxiety and various postoperative complications, affect satisfaction of the ITM surgery patients.Methods:  Survey data from 219 participants encompassed basic patient demographic traits, difficulty of surgery, perioperative anxiety, pain sensation and common postoperative complications. The t‐test and one‐way anova with Duncan’s multiple‐range tests were applied to detect differences in mean values of perioperative anxiety, perioperative pain sensation and satisfaction based on basic demographic characteristics and postoperative complications. The significance of postoperative complications according to demographic data and difficulty of extraction was also analyzed. A paired t‐test was applied to detect the significance of anxiety level and pain sensation changes over time. Lastly, univariate and multiple stepwise regression analyses were used to analyze the relationships among perioperative anxiety, pain sensation and satisfaction to determine the predictive factor of patient satisfaction.Results:  Basic demographic traits proved not to have a direct significant effect on satisfaction in ITM surgery patients, but some demographic factors and difficulty of surgery showed significant relationships with postoperative complications. Univariate analysis revealed that perioperative anxiety, pain sensation, postoperative infection, numbness/paresthesia and ecchymoses have a significant influence on patient satisfaction. In particular, preoperative anxiety level and numbness/paresthesia were independent predictive factors of patient satisfaction upon multivariate analysis.Conclusions:  This study demonstrates that the patients who undergo ITM surgery often have severe anxiety that seriously impacts patient satisfaction and resultant treatment outcomes. In addition, patient satisfaction directly depends on the occurrence of some postoperative complications. Appreciation of these predictive factors and increasing patient satisfaction may help clinicians to provide optimal care for ITM surgery patients.
Adolescents' Preferences for Primary Care Provider Interactions
Authors: Schaeuble Kristine , Haglund Kristin , Vukovich Melissa 
Published: March 2010

PURPOSE.  Adolescents receive less primary care than other age groups. One reason may be the negative ways that providers sometimes interact with adolescents. The purpose was to develop knowledge regarding adolescents' preferences for provider interactions.DESIGN AND METHODS.  Design was descriptive and mixed method. Donabedian's healthcare quality model guided the study. Data were collected via focus groups and a survey.RESULTS.  Twenty‐four adolescents participated. Four themes described their preferences: forming a relationship, supporting independence, assuring confidentiality, and conveying caring.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS.  Care that is congruent with adolescents' preferences may improve quality of, and access to, care and, ultimately, health outcomes.
Accuracy of Asthma Information on the World Wide Web
Authors: Meadows‐Oliver Mikki , Banasiak Nancy Cantey 
Published: March 2010

PURPOSE.  An essential component of asthma management is education. Parents often turn to the Internet, a 24‐hour source of health information.DESIGN AND METHODS.  In this descriptive study, two researchers evaluated websites using eight core educational concepts developed by the National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute (NHLBI) to determine the accuracy of the health information regarding asthma on the Internet.RESULTS.  Of the 68 websites reviewed, only 6 (8.8%) had accurate and complete information regarding asthma according to NHBLI recommendations.PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS.  Nurses must be educated regarding the selection of accurate websites on asthma so that in turn, they may educate patients and their families.
Fulminant Plasmapheresis‐refractory Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated With Advanced Gastric Cancer
Authors: Vasko Radovan , Koziolek Michael , Füzesi Laszlo , König Fatima , Strutz Frank , Müller Gerhard Anton 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report a case of a 27‐year‐old female with thrombotic microangiopathy as an initial presentation of an unexpected disseminated gastric carcinoma. Based on clinical features and laboratory findings, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) was diagnosed and plasma exchange started. However, she had responded poorly to plasmapheresis, developed multiorgan failure and died 72 h after admission. Autopsy revealed a disseminated gastric adenocarcinoma with metastatic infiltration of dura mater and disseminated tumor cell emboli in the microcirculation of the liver and lungs. Genetic analysis revealed amplification of KRAS oncogene and aberrations in DCC tumor suppressor gene, which can explain the young age and advanced disease at presentation. The role of plasmapheresis in cancer‐associated TTP is uncertain. Plasmapheresis delivers fresh coagulation factors and may theoretically promote microthrombi formation and lead to worsening of the disease. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura seems to be a late and prognostically poor manifestation of an underlying malignancy, with majority of patients dying soon after diagnosis. It is important to be aware of this possibility in thrombotic microangiopathy, especially with atypical features and poor response to standard treatment.
A Case Report of Thrombocytopenia‐associated Multiple Organ Failure Secondary to Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi Infection in a Pediatric Patient: Successful Treatment With Plasma Exchange
Authors: Yildirim Inci , Ceyhan Mehmet , Bayrakci Benan , Uysal Mutlu , Kuskonmaz Baris , Ozaltin Fatih 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA high proportion of the patients with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection develop severe sepsis. The mortality rate is high despite aggressive antimicrobial therapy in these patients. The case of a 10‐year‐old boy who developed thrombocytopenia‐associated multiple organ failure (TAMOF) secondary to S. typhi infection is reported. The patient did not respond to antimicrobial treatment, including ciprofloxacin, in addition to conventional supportive measures, so plasma exchange was performed. The thrombocytopenia and organ failure had resolved after 3 days of plasma exchange therapy. Plasma exchange is suggested to be a life‐saving intervention in a child with TAMOF secondary to S. typhi infection.
The First Case Report of the Treatment of Transplant Coronary Artery Disease With Dextran Sulfate Adsorption Lipid Apheresis
Authors: Sosland Rachel P , Gollub Steven B , Wilson David B , Moriarty Patrick M 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn patients who have undergone a heart transplant, the major cause of death is coronary artery disease (CAD). The etiology of cardiac‐allograft vasculopathy is thought to be multifactorial, but due in large part to immune mechanisms that cause elevations in serum cholesterol levels. The dextran sulfate cellulose low‐density lipoprotein (LDL) adsorption (DSA) apheresis procedure has been shown to reduce lipoprotein levels and markers of blood rheology to improve coronary perfusion to the transplanted heart. We report the first described case of the stabilization and reversal of progressive transplant CAD with DSA. We followed a 50‐year‐old male orthotopic heart transplant recipient with familial hyperlipidemia refractory to lipid lowering therapy with bi‐weekly LDL‐apheresis (DSA system) for 12 months. Quarterly pre‐ and post‐apheresis blood investigations were obtained, as well as annual adenosine thallium (AT) studies. Creatinine kinase (CPK), creatinine, LDL, fibrinogen, and lipoprotein (a) were reduced by 70%, 26%, 23%, 47%, and 47%, respectively. AT before the initiation of apheresis revealed a small to medium sized, partially reversible perfusion defect in the anterolateral and inferoapical walls, with an ejection fraction (EF) of 49%, elevated left ventricular volume (171 mL), and an elevated pulmonary‐to‐myocardial (PMR) count ratio of 0.67 (normal <0.52). After 12 months of LDL apheresis with DSA, a repeat AT demonstrated no fixed or reversible perfusion abnormality, an EF of 51%, and the PMR had normalized (0.46). This is the first reported case demonstrating that in a heart transplant survivor with hyperlipidemia and progression of coronary artery disease, LDL apheresis with DSA therapy can lead to regression and is an effective treatment of post‐transplant coronary disease.
Two Case Reports of Successful Therapeutic Erythrocytapheresis as an Adjunctive Therapy in Severe Falciparum Malaria
Authors: Chung Hae‐Sun , Peck Kyong Ran , Kim Dae‐Won 
Published: March 2010

AbstractFor many years, erythrocytapheresis has been used for the rapid removal of parasites in patients with severe and complicated malaria. Here, we report two cases of severe Plasmodium falciparum infection treated by erythrocytapheresis in addition to antimalarial chemotherapy. Both patients were referred to the emergency department with high fevers (40°C) after returning from Africa. Peripheral blood smears showed 25.8% and 15% of parasitized erythrocytes, respectively. In both cases, antimalarial chemotherapy was begun and erythrocytapheresis was performed, and dramatic reduction of parasitemia was achieved. Clinical symptoms and laboratory abnormalities were also improved. Erythrocytapheresis in combination with antimalarial chemotherapy would be an effective and rapid approach to treat severe falciparum malaria.
CRUDE OIL BIODEGRADATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AT THE RIUTORT OIL SHALE MINE, SE PYRENEES
Authors: Permanyer A. , Gallego J. L. R. , Caja M. A. , Dessort D. 
Published: March 2010

Liquid oil seeps from organic‐rich source rock intervals in the Eocene Armàncies Formation in the walls of the underground Riutort oil‐shale mine in the SE Pyrenees. The mine was excavated at the beginning of the last century for oil shale extraction. For this study, oil samples were recovered from fractures in the mine walls, and from pools of water on the mine floor. Some oil is present at the bottom of these pools; oil also floats on the surface of the water in association with emulsions colonized by microbial mats. The oils have undergone variable degrees of biodegradation.The physical and chemical environment in the mine was studied in order to establish the controls on biodegradation processes. The results show that the degree of biodegradation depended on factors including the location of the oil (i.e. floating on the top of the water or from the bottom of a pool), and the addition of fresh seepage oil. The biodegradation observed mainly involved the progressive removal of n‐alkanes, isoprenoids and some aromatics. Biodegradation was also assessed in terms of the sulphur content and by quantitative analyses of molecular markers in the aromatic fraction. These approaches indicated that at least 50% of the oil was lost as a result of biodegradation. Isotope studies were also undertaken but isotope signatures did not provide significant data.Microbiological data were consistent with data collected from chemical analyses. Evidence for the presence of hydrocarbon‐degrading bacteria were obtained from laboratory studies.
OIL‐PRONE LOWER CARBONIFEROUS COALS IN THE NORWEGIAN BARENTS SEA: IMPLICATIONS FOR A PALAEOZOIC PETROLEUM SYSTEM
Authors: Van Koeverden J.H. , Karlsen D.A. , Schwark L. , Chpitsglouz A. , Backer‐Owe K. 
Published: March 2010

In this study, we assess the oil generation potential of Lower Carboniferous, liptinite‐rich coals in the Tettegras Formation on the Finnmark Platform, southern Norwegian Barents Sea. Oil from these coals has been expelled into intercalated sandstones. The coals may have contributed to petroleum recorded in well 7128/4–1 on the Finnmark Platform and may constitute a new Palaeozoic source rock in the Barents Sea.The Tettegras Formation coals contain up to 80 vol.% liptinite (mineral matter free base) and have low oxygen indices. Hydrogen indices up to 367 mg HC/g TOC indicate liquid hydrocarbon potential. In wells 7128/4–1 and 7128/6–1, the coals have vitrinite reflectance Ro= 0.75–0.85 %. Compared to shale and carbonate source rocks, expulsion from coal in general begins at higher maturities (Ro= 0.8–0.9% and Tmax= 444–453°C). Thus, the coals in the wells are mostly immature with regard to oil expulsion. The oil in well 7128/4–1 most likely originates from a more mature part of the Tettegras Formation in the deeper northern part of the Finnmark Platform. Wide variations in biomarker facies parameters and δ13C isotope values indicate a heterogeneous paralic depositional setting. The preferential retention by coal strata of naphthenes (e.g. terpanes and steranes) and aromatic compounds, compared to n‐alkanes and acyclic isoprenoids, results in a terrigenous and waxy oil. This oil however contains marine biomarkers derived from the intercalated shales and siltstones. It is therefore important to consider the entire coal‐bearing sequence, including the intercalated shales, in terms of source rock potential.Coals of similar age occur on Svalbard and Bjørnøya. The results of this study therefore suggest that a Lower Carboniferous coaly source rock may extend over large areas of the Norwegian Barents Sea. This source rock is mature in areas where the otherwise prolific Upper Jurassic marine shales are either immature or missing and may constitute a new Palaeozoic coal‐sourced petroleum system in the Barents Sea.
HYDROCARBON‐INDUCED DIAGENETIC DOLOMITE AND PYRITE FORMATION ASSOCIATED WITH THE HORMOZ ISLAND SALT DOME, OFFSHORE IRAN
Authors: Ghazban F. , Al‐Aasm I. S. 
Published: March 2010

Hormoz Island, a salt diapir in the eastern Persian Gulf, is dominated by the Infracambrian Hormoz Complex comprising both evaporites (Hormoz Salt) and carbonates, siliciclastics and volcanic rocks. Minerals include black, white and grey dolomites, pyrite, gypsum, anhydrite, apatite and iron oxides. Formation of some of the dolomite crystals is interpreted to be linked to the oxidation of hydrocarbons.The δ13C values of black dolomite crystals range from −0.8 to −2.07‰ VPDB, indicating that little if any of their carbon is derived from hydrocarbon oxidation but that sea water has provided carbon and Mg for dolomite precipitation. The δ18O values for these dolomites range from −9.2 to −15.3‰ VPDB, reflecting a temperature effect on isotopic fractionation. By contrast, δ13C values for white to grey dolomites range from −17.81 to −35.68‰ VPDB, indicating that the carbon may be derived from the oxidation of hydrocarbons. Based on the δ18Odolomite and temperatures obtained from fluid inclusion studies (215°C), the calculated δ18Owater in equilibrium with these dolomites (+2 < δ18Ofluid < +12‰) indicates the involvement of brines evolved via the interaction of seawater with the Hormoz Salt and associated sedimentary rocks. Some of the dolomite may have precipitated from post‐Cambrian seawaters at lower temperatures (ca.100 °C). Thus, the dolomites may have begun to form during deep burial but have also formed during salt diapirism at more shallow depths.Pyrite and native sulphur are interpreted to have formed in reducing conditions where the source of sulphur was H2S produced by the thermochemical reduction of sulphate in the Hormoz Salt evaporites. Heavy δ34S values for the anhydrites (ranging from 28.7 to 30.8‰) and for sulphides (ranging from 17.2 to 23.4‰) preclude a major contribution of sulphur from volcanic sources or from Early Cambrian shales.Pyrites, apatites and dolomites formed at depth within the diapir. It is envisaged that hydrocarbons leaked along the flanks of the Hormoz Island salt dome, resulting in reducing conditions which promoted the formation of diagenetic minerals.
The effects of acute and chronic exercise on the vasculature
Authors: Whyte J. J. , Harold Laughlin M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRegular physical activity (endurance training, ET) has a strong positive link with cardiovascular health. The aim of this review is to draw together the current knowledge on gene expression in different cell types comprising the vessels of the circulatory system, with special emphasis on the endothelium, and how these gene products interact to influence vascular health. The effect beneficial effects of ET on the endothelium are believed to result from increased vascular shear stress during ET bouts. A number of mechanosensory mechanisms have been elucidated that may contribute to the effects of ET on vascular function, but there are questions regarding interactions among molecular pathways. For instance, increases in flow brought on by ET can reduce circulating levels of viscosity and haemostatic and inflammatory variables that may interact with increased shear stress, releasing vasoactive substances such as nitric oxide and prostacyclin, decreasing permeability to plasma lipoproteins as well as the adhesion of leucocytes. At this time the optimal rate‐of‐flow and rate‐of‐change in flow for determining whether anti‐atherogenic or pro‐atherogenic processes proceed remain unknown. In addition, the impact of haemodynamic variables differs with vessel size and tissue type in which arteries are located. While the hurdles to understanding the mechanism responsible for ET‐induced alterations in vascular cell gene expression are significant, they in no way undermine the established benefits of regular physical activity to the cardiovascular system and to general overall health. This review summarizes current understanding of control of vascular cell gene expression by exercise and how these processes lead to improved cardiovascular health.
The regulation of muscle glycogen: the granule and its proteins
Authors: Graham T. E. , Yuan Z. , Hill A. K. , Wilson R. J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDespite decades of studying muscle glycogen in many metabolic situations, surprisingly little is known regarding its regulation. Glycogen is a dynamic and vital metabolic fuel that has very limited energetic capacity. Thus its regulation is highly complex and multifaceted. The stores in muscle are not homogeneous and there appear to be various metabolic pools. Each granule is capable of independent regulation and fundamental aspects of the regulation appear to be associated with a complex set of proteins (some are enzymes and others serve scaffolding roles) that associate both with the granule and with each other in a dynamic fashion. The regulation includes altered phosphorylation status and often translocation as well. The understanding of the roles and the regulation of glycogenin, protein phosphatase 1, glycogen targeting proteins, laforin and malin are in their infancy. These various processes appear to be the mechanisms that give the glycogen granule precise, yet dynamic regulation.