bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Combined Physical Activity and Attitude Education Intervention on Weight Stigma and Health Outcomes
Authors: Huang Hongyuan , Xiao Xiao 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWeight stigma is prevalent among adolescents and can negatively impact physical and mental health. This study examined the effects of a combined physical activity and attitude education intervention on weight stigma and related outcomes among high school students.MethodsA randomized controlled trial was conducted with 524 high school students. The intervention group received a 3‐month program combining physical activity education and anti‐stigma attitude training. Outcomes measured included the use of weight loss medication, physical activity levels, weight loss, and depressive symptoms.ResultsThe intervention group showed significant decreases in weight loss medication use and depressive symptoms, and increases in physical activity levels compared to the control group. No significant differences were observed in weight loss between groups. Gender differences were noted, with girls showing greater improvements in physical activity.ImplicationsFindings support integrating weight stigma reduction strategies into school health programs. Schools should adopt attitude modification approaches, promote inclusive physical activities, and foster social support to address weight stigma and associated depression symptoms.ConclusionsCombining physical activity and attitude education can effectively reduce weight stigma and improve health behaviors among high school students. Future research should explore long‐term effects and tailored approaches for different student populations.
Combined Treatment of Severe Denture Stomatitis With Topical Antifungal Drugs and Diode Laser. A Case Report
Authors: Kuraitby Shahed , ALhomsi Alaa , Aljoujou Abeer A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo report a case of a 58‐year‐old male smoker patient presented with severe class three papillary denture stomatitis which was surgically treated with diode laser and nystatin mouthwash.Material and MethodsA patient came with a primary complaint of experiencing pain in his oral cavity. During an intraoral examination, acute pseudomembranous candidiasis and diffuse erythematous oral mucosa were found. Small papillary nodules were also observed under the patient's denture, along with reactive hyperplasia in the mandibular. To confirm the diagnosis, a candida swab was taken and the patient was prescribed nystatin mouthwash for 21 days. Additionally, surgical treatment using a diode laser was performed.ResultsThe candida swab confirmed the diagnosis of denture stomatitis (DS) after 1 month of treatment. The patient's oral mucosa had fully healed, and a three‐month follow‐up was conducted.ConclusionsThe case highlights the benefits of a dual treatment strategy for a severe case of class three denture stomatitis. This approach aimed to reduce the high candida count, speed up the healing process and avoid the negative side effects that often accompany invasive surgical procedures.
Rapid Development of Lipoxygenase‐2 Free Vegetable Soybean Genotypes (Glycine max (L.) Merill) Through Molecular Breeding Under Controlled Environment
Authors: Taku Meniari , Saini Manisha , Kumar Rahul , Rathod Nenavath Krishna Kumar , Reshma Onteddu , Yadav Manu , Langyan Sapna , Rajendran Ambika , Lal S. K. , Talukdar Akshay 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTVegetable soybean, or edamame, renowned for its taste and nutritional benefits, faces a challenge in consumer preference due to its beany flavour produced primarily by the gene Lox2. The development of lipoxygenase‐2 free vegetable soybeans through conventional breeding approaches is time‐consuming. In this study, we attempted to eliminate lipoxygenase‐2 from a vegetable soybean variety Swarna Vasundhara by replacing its allele Lox2 with an alternative allele, that is, lox2 through a molecular breeding approach under controlled environmental conditions. The allele lox2 was obtained from a lipoxygenase‐2 free seed‐type soybean genotype PI596540. The hybrids were confirmed with molecular markers and crossed back to Swarna Vasundhara. The foreground selection was done with a lox2‐specific marker, while the background selection was done with 159 SSR markers. In BC1F1 plants, the recovery of the recurrent parent genome ranged from 73.4% to 83.02%. Similarly, in the BC2F1, the recurrent parent genome recovery was 94.01%–97.2%. The recombinant selection and background selection in the BC2F2 generation found plants with 96.23%–98.74% recovery of the recurrent parent genome. The controlled environments and the molecular breeding approaches expedited the development of Lox2 free introgression lines of Swarna Vasundhara within 24 months. The biochemical analysis in the seeds for lipoxygenase‐2 activity identified 11 lox2 introgressed BC2F2 lines with similar lipoxygenase‐2 activity as in the donor parent, which was further confirmed in a colorimetric test. The field performance of some of these introgression lines was comparable to the recurrent parent Swarna Vasundhara in terms of yield and other morphological traits. The lipoxygenase‐2 free lines of Swarna Vasundhara would contribute towards popularizing vegetable soybean among consumers.
Excited state relaxation mechanisms and tautomerism effects in 2,6‐Diamino‐8‐Azapurine
Authors: Oliveira Leonardo M. F. , Valverde Danillo , Costa Gustavo Juliani , Borin Antonio Carlos 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe photochemistry of 9H‐2,6‐diamino‐8‐azapurine (9H‐8AZADAP), a promising fluorescent probe, was investigated using the Multi‐State Complete‐Active‐Space Second‐Order Perturbation Theory (MS‐CASPT2) quantum chemical method, along with the Average Solvent Electrostatic Configuration and Free Energy Gradient (ASEC‐FEG) and Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) to take into account water solvation effects. For both isolated and solvated species, the main photochemical event is initiated by the absorption of light from ground‐state to the bright 1(ππ* La) state, which undergoes barrierless evolution to its minimum energy region (1(ππ* La)min) without crossing any other potential energy surface (PES). Subsequently, the excess of energy is released through fluorescence. From the 1(ππ* La)min region, two radiationless decay pathways back to the initial ground state, mediated by two distinct conical intersections between the ground and 1(ππ* La) states, are found to be unlikely due to the presence of high energy barriers in both environments. Our results also indicate that the solvation effects are more pronounced when using the ASEC‐FEG method, which predicts larger structural and energy changes, especially concerning energetic barriers. Based on the free energy perturbation theory (FEP), a hypothetical thermodynamic cycle was devised, from which we infer that in an aqueous environment the N3 site is the most favorable for protonation. We also conclude that the 8H‐8AZADAP tautomer is responsible for the fluorescent band observed experimentally at 410 nm and elucidates the mechanism of phototautomerism.
Combined use of immunoreactivities of Efp and ZCCHC3 for predicting prognosis of patients with triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Fujimoto Akihiro , Ikeda Kazuhiro , Kinowaki Keiichi , Ogura Takuya , Takeiwa Toshihiko , Kawabata Hidetaka , Osaki Akihiko , Horie Kuniko , Inoue Satoshi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractWe previously reported that strong immunoreactivity (IR) of estrogen‐responsive finger protein (Efp), also known as tripartite motif‐containing 25 (TRIM25), predicts poor prognosis in patients with estrogen receptor‐positive and ‐negative invasive breast cancers. In the present study, we investigated the clinicopathological role of Efp and ZCCHC3, the latter of which is an Efp interactor, in a triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) cohort which was composed of 118 Japanese female breast cancer patients underwent surgical treatment. Efp and ZCCHC3 IRs were analyzed using specific antibodies for these proteins. We demonstrated that positive Efp IR was significantly associated with shorter distant disease‐free survival (p = 0.0108) and that positive ZCCHC3 IR was also significantly associated with shorter distant disease‐free survival (p = 0.0153). Notably, ZCCHC3 IR was positively associated with Efp IR (p = 0.003). When IRs of the two proteins were combined, double positivity was associated with shorter distant disease‐free survival (p = 0.0007) and was an independent factor for poor prognosis. These results suggest that IR positivity of Efp and ZCCHC3 has clinical significance as a poor prognostic factor in patients with TNBC. Thus, we propose that the combined use of both IRs can be used as a prognostic marker for TNBC.
Effects of microplastics and salt single or combined stresses on growth and physiological responses of maize seedlings
Authors: Liu Xiaodong , Wang Zongshuai , Shi Guiyang , Gao Yingbo , Zhang Hui , Liu Kaichang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPlastic film (mulch film) is widely used in saline and alkaline soils because it can effectively reduce salt stress damage. However, it results in the accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in the soil, which pose a threat to crop growth and production. This study investigates the effects of 50 mg l−1 MPs and 100 mM sodium chloride (NaCl), individually or in combination, on the growth and physiological characteristics of maize (Zea mays) seedlings. The results demonstrated that compared to the control, MPs and NaCl single or combined stress reduced seedling biomass and water content, and the combined stress was more serious. Stress significantly reduced N and K contents in leaves, and Na content under combined stress was lower than under single NaCl stress. Compared to single stress, the combined stress further enhanced oxidative damage by increasing H2O2 and MDA content, a disrupted chloroplast structure, and reduced chlorophyll content, ultimately leading to a decline in chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and photosynthetic efficiency. Single MPs or NaCl stress led to the accumulation of proline, soluble proteins, and soluble sugars, while the combined stresses further increased the content of these osmotic substances in plants. Moreover, single or combined stress increased the activity of CAT, POD, SOD and the content of AsA and GsH. Collectively, NaCl and MPs single or combined stress exert notable toxic effects on maize seedling growth. Although the combined stress inhibited seedling growth more than the single stress, the combined stress of MPs and NaCl showed antagonistic effects. These findings underscore the importance of assessing the ecological risks posed by the combined effects of MPs and salt stresses on maize plants.
Assessment of Fruit Waste as Feed Additives in Aquafeed for Growth Performance and Health Benefits of Fishes Under Biofloc Technology
Authors: Sulaiman Muhammad Aliyu , Nin Lee Yih , Amin S. M. Nurul , Fotedar Ravi , Yusoff Fatimah Md , Moh Julia Hwei Zhong 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe rising demand for fish and crustacean products has placed significant pressure on traditional aquaculture practices, which are increasingly unsustainable. Utilizing fruit waste as a feed ingredient in biofloc systems presents a promising solution for enhancing the sustainability and cost‐efficiency of fish farming. Studies have demonstrated that the incorporation of fruit waste into aquafeed improves growth performance, feed utilization, and health outcomes in aquatic animals. This practice also addresses waste management issues and reduces dependency on conventional feed ingredients, which are becoming more expensive. However, factors such as the availability sustainability and scalability of fruit waste, remain important considerations. Research has shown that fish and crustacean fed diets supplemented with fruit waste exhibit superior growth, survival rates, and health compared to those on conventional diets. The highest weight gain and specific growth rates were observed in those fishes, with normal liver and intestinal histopathology. Additionally, fruit waste diets significantly enhanced hematological parameters, such as hemoglobin, red blood cells, and white blood cells, leading to improved immune responses and resilience during stress.
A Two‐Staged, Risk‐Stratified Strategy Combining FEV1/FEV6 and COPD Diagnostic Questionnaire Acts as an Accurate and Cost‐Effective COPD Case‐Finding Method
Authors: Lo Po‐Chun , Ko Hsin‐Kuo , Chou Kun‐Ta , Hsiao Yi‐Han , Perng Diahn‐Warng , Su Kang‐Cheng 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectiveSymptom‐based questionnaires and handheld lung function devices are widely used for COPD case finding, but the optimal combination remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic accuracy (DA) of various combinations of handheld lung function devices and questionnaires and develop a COPD case‐finding strategy.MethodsThis cross‐sectional, prospective, observational study enrolled participants aged ≥ 40 years with respiratory symptoms and ≥ 10 smoking pack‐years. Participants completed three questionnaires (COPD diagnostic questionnaire [CDQ], lung function questionnaire; COPD Population Screener) and 2 handheld lung function devices (peak flow meter, microspirometer), followed by spirometry to confirm COPD (post‐bronchodilation FEV1/FVC < 0.7). DA is assessed using the area under the ROC curve (AUROC).ResultsAmong 224 participants, COPD incidence was 29%. Individually, handheld devices showed significantly higher DA than questionnaires (AUROC 0.678–0.69 for questionnaires vs. 0.807 for peak expiratory flow rate [PEFR] and 0.888 for FEV1/FEV6; all pairwise p < 0.05). FEV1/FEV6‐based combinations outperformed PEFR‐based combinations (all n = 224; AUROC 0.897–0.903 vs. 0.810–0.818; p < 0.05). The CDQ and FEV1/FEV6 combination reached the highest DA (AUROC 0.903). FEV1/FEV6 < 0.76 was the optimal cutoff value. A two‐staged strategy (sensitivity/specificity 0.82/0.84) was proposed: low‐risk participants (CDQ ≤ 13) need no further testing; middle‐risk (CDQ 14–26) should undergo FEV1/FEV6; and high‐risk (CDQ ≥ 27) and middle‐risk with FEV1/FEV6 < 0.76 require confirmatory spirometry. This approach would reduce misdiagnoses and save costs and time compared to FEV1/FEV6 alone.ConclusionFEV1/FEV6 and CDQ combination achieves the highest DA. A two‐staged, risk‐stratified strategy combining CDQ and FEV1/FEV6 can be accurate and cost‐effective to detect at‐risk, undiagnosed COPD subjects. External validation is required.
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Selective HLA Haplotype Loss in NPM1‐Positive Acute Myeloid Leukaemia: A Model of Immunological Escape
Authors: Rombolà Giovanni , Crocchiolo Roberto , Falco Michela , Iozzi Sara , Marseglia Giuseppina , Amoriello Roberta , Ballerini Clara , Donnini Irene , Nozzoli Chiara , Papola Franco 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe exposure of cancer neoantigens to the patient's immune system by the HLA system sustains immune surveillance and shapes tumour clonal evolution. In acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), the mutation of Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) at exon 12 represents a driver mutation, raising a set of highly immunogenic peptides. Whereas the phenomenon of HLA loss is a mechanism of immune escape broadly described in allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, less is known about this phenomenon at leukaemia diagnosis. In this study, we present a case of a 47‐year‐old patient with de novo NPM1‐positive AML characterised by HLA loss at diagnosis due to copy neutral number loss of heterozygosity in leukaemic blasts. In silico analyses showed a high affinity of all the lost HLA allotypes for the mutated NPM1‐derived tumour neopeptides, suggesting that the selective HLA loss was a relevant mechanism for blast escape from autologous T lymphocyte immunosurveillance. The HLA loss did not lead to any predicted missing ligand for educated natural killer (NK) cells expressing inhibitory killer immunoglobulin‐like receptors (KIRs) for self‐HLA allotypes, thus not affecting NK‐mediated immunosurveillance. The present case represents a model of a ‘perfect crime’ by immunological escape of leukaemic blasts and supports mutated NPM1‐derived neopeptides as an attractive target for AML immunotherapy.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐A*32:01:62 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Pajot Thibault , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐A*32:01:62 differs from HLA‐A*32:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 291 in exon 5.
Characterisation of the Novel HLA‐B*38:121 Allele by Sequencing‐Based Typing
Authors: Pajot Thibault , Elsermans Vincent , Top Isabelle , Labalette Myriam 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTHLA‐B*38:121 differs from HLA‐B*38:01:01:01 by one nucleotide substitution in codon 106 in exon 3.
Metabolome and comparative genome provide insights into secondary metabolites generation of a rare karst‐growing Rhododendron in vitro culture
Authors: Wen Sulin , Cai Xiaowei , Zhou Kui , Min Yi , Shang Chunqiong , Shen Luonan , Deng Lin , Liu Di , Qiao Guang , Shen Xiaohui 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYRhododendron species have the potential to be rich in secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical or industrial value. However, there is a lack of comprehensive metabolome studies at the genome level, particularly for unique and rare species like Rhododendron bailiense, which exclusively grows in karst environments in Guizhou, southwest China. Recently, genome assembly data for this species was available. In this study, nontargeted metabolomics was employed to investigate the secondary metabolites profile of R. bailiense callus. The callus of R. bailiense was induced using 0.2 mg L−1 TDZ (Thidiazuron) + 0.1 mg L−1 IBA (3‐Indole butyric acid). A comparison between light‐treated calli and dark‐cultured calli revealed differential accumulation of metabolites, particularly in flavonoids, terpenoids, coumarins, and hydroxycinnamic acids, known for their beneficial effects such as antioxidant, anticancer, and anti‐inflammatory properties. Proanthocyanidins, with various health‐promoting effects, were found to accumulate significantly in dark‐cultured calli. Light conditions promoted diterpene and triterpene products, whereas darkness favored sesquiterpene products. Additionally, the study demonstrated the potential of utilizing Agrobacterium transformation technology on callus suspension cells to enhance secondary metabolite production. Comparison with the genome of Rhododendron molle revealed that the R. bailiense genome exhibited active ‘glycosyltransferase activity,’ possessed a higher number of copies of monoterpene and sesquiterpene terpene synthases, and contained high copies of specific cytochrome P450 members (CYP71, CYP76, CYP79, CYP82, CYP736). This study offers valuable insights and potential strategies for the biosynthesis and production of Rhododendron secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical or industrial significance.
Haplotype‐resolved genome and population genomics provide insights into dioscin biosynthesis and evolutionary history of the medicinal species Dioscorea nipponica
Authors: Hu Ke , Feng Yu , Li Pan , Chen Min , Shen Zi‐Jie , Sun Xiao‐Qin , Lu Rui‐Sen 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYDioscorea nipponica, a perennial herb widely distributed in the Sino‐Japanese Floristic Region, is renowned for its medicinal properties, particularly its ability to produce dioscin. Here, we present a haplotype‐resolved genome assembly of the diploid D. nipponica, comprising 511.41 Mb for Haplotype A and 498.29 Mb for Haplotype B, each organized into 10 chromosomes. The two haplotypes exhibited high similarity, with only 2.75% of the allelic genes exhibiting specific expression. Key genes in the dioscin biosynthesis pathway were identified, and expression analysis revealed that the majority (16/21) of genes involved in the first two stages were highly expressed in rhizomes. Notably, significant expansion of the CYP90, CYP94, and UGT73 gene families was observed in dioscin‐producing species, highlighting their critical roles in dioscin biosynthesis. Additionally, genome size estimation and population genomic analyses of diverse D. nipponica accessions identified four principal clades in D. nipponica, corresponding to diploid, di‐tetra‐octoploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid accessions from various geographic regions, with clade A (diploids) further divided into five subclades. Demographic analysis of the diploid D. nipponica revealed a prolonged decline in effective population size from the Pleistocene to the Last Glacial Maximum, with population splits occurring during the mid‐to‐late Pleistocene. Selective sweep analysis identified key genes, including HD‐Zip I, ADH1, SMT1, and CYPs that may contribute to adaptation to high‐latitude environments and the geographical variations in dioscin content. Overall, this study enhances our understanding of the genomic architecture, biosynthetic pathways, and evolutionary dynamics of D. nipponica, providing valuable insights into its medicinal potential and evolution.
Identification of UDP‐glucosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of phloridzin in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Zhang Xiaomeng , Tian Xinquan , Luo Junyu , Wang Xiaoyang , He Shoupu , Sun Gaofei , Dong Ruidan , Dai Panhong , Wang Xiao , Pan Zhaoe , Chen Baojun , Hu Daowu , Wang Liru , Pang Baoyin , Xing Aishuang , Fu Guoyong , Wang Baoquan , Cui Jinjie , Ma Lei , Du Xiongming 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYPhloridzin has various functions, including antioxidant properties and the treatment of diabetes, and has long been used in pharmaceutical and physiological research. The glycosylation of phloretin is a key step in the biosynthesis of phloridzin. In this study, a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) based on phloridzin content was applied, and the key gene GhUGT88F3 for phloridzin‐specific biosynthesis was identified in cotton. A single‐base deletion in GhUGT88F3 in haplotype I caused a frameshift mutation, leading to premature translation termination and a significant reduction in phloridzin content. Molecular docking revealed important amino acid residues for GhUGT88F3's UDP‐glucose transfer activity. Additionally, the transcription factor GhMYB330 was found to positively regulate GhUGT88F3 expression through population transcriptome analysis and LUC experiment. Moreover, phloridzin content was significantly elevated in both GhUGT88F3 and GhMYB330 overexpression transgenic plants. This study expands the diversity of UDP‐glucosyltransferases in plants and offers a potential strategy for the sustainable production of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential.