bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contributions of the Community-Based Organization Program Funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to Linkage to HIV Medical Care
Authors: Marano-Lee Mariette , Williams Weston , Xu Songli , Andia Jonny , Shapatava Ekaterine 
Published: May 2024

Objective: Linkage to HIV medical care is important in the continuum of HIV care and health outcomes for people with HIV. The objective of this analysis was to identify how the community-based organization (CBO) program contributes to linkage to HIV medical care among people with newly diagnosed HIV in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) HIV testing program. Methods: We analyzed HIV linkage-to-care data submitted to CDC from 2019 through 2021. Linkage was defined as confirmation that an individual attended their first HIV medical care appointment within 30 days of their HIV test date. We included in the analysis data submitted from the health department (HD) program that included 61 state and local HDs in the United States, Puerto Rico, and the US Virgin Islands and the CBO program that included 150 CBOs. Results: The CBO program linked a higher proportion of people to HIV medical care within 30 days of diagnosis (86.7%) than the HD program (73.7%). By population group, the proportion linked in the CBO program was higher than the proportion linked in the HD program among men who have sex with men (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.13; P < .001), men who have sex with men/people who inject drugs (PR = 1.29; P < .001), transgender people (PR = 1.28; P < .001), and those reporting no sexual contact or injection drug use (PR = 1.34; P < .001). In the Cox proportional hazards model, time to linkage in the CBO program was significantly shorter than in the HD program (hazard ratio = 0.63; P < .001). Conclusion: This analysis shows that the CBO program fills a vital need in linking newly diagnosed HIV-positive people to HIV medical care, which is important in the HIV care continuum and for viral suppression.
The European Renewable Energy Sector in Calm and Turmoil Periods: The Key Role of Sovereign Risk
Authors: Constant Karine , Davin Marion , Truchis Gilles de , Keddad Benjamin 
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the comparative role of sovereign default risk and several high-frequency macrofinancial indicators that may explain the drop in European renewable energy stocks observed during the 2008 financial crisis and the European debt crisis. We use a two-state time-varying transition probability Markov-switching model to investigate how they impact the bull and bear market trends of renewable stocks. Our main finding is that public financing conditions, captured by sovereign default risks, play a key role in both market regimes, while the other variables affect the renewable energy stocks only in calm or turmoil periods. Moreover, sovereign risk is identified as the main determinant of the European renewable energy stock dynamics in both regimes in the period under review. Finally, we suggest that this effect may be due to the sensitivity of investors to the energy policy uncertainty, entailed by such a pressure on public finances. JEL Classification: G01, G15, Q42
Journey of an Edupreneur—Design-Thinking Approach
Authors: Shagirbasha Shameem 
Published: May 2024

My competitive spirit was well—I felt the adrenaline course through my veins and all of a sudden I had a new purpose in life. I knew that I could do this. The decision was made. I had seized the bull by its horns. However, as luck would have it before I could convert my plans to reality, I had to overcome an unexpected obstacle. —Professor Bala V. Balachandran An edupreneur (educational entrepreneur) is defined as ‘a person who has served as an educator prior to organizing a business related to education and has invested time, energy, and capital to create, develop, and market a programme, product, service, or technology to enhance learning’ ( Hess, 2006 ). Edupreneurs can, therefore, be former employees in any educational system, in any position with a constant urge to innovate the education system. They generally think out of the box and do things in an unusual way to accomplish goals. Their vision is to do things better so that society can benefit. This makes them adopt a design-thinking approach.
Clinical Features and Therapeutic Process of Sacral Fatigue Fractures in Adolescents
Authors: Hiranaka Yoshiaki , Miyazaki Shingo , Inoue Shinichi , Ryu Masao , Kuroshima Kohei , Yurube Takashi , Kakutani Kenichiro , Tadokoro Ko 
Published: May 2024

Background: Sacral fatigue fractures are a rare injury but should be considered as a differential diagnosis for low back and buttock pain in young adults. Collective reports are limited, most of which have focused on long-distance runners. Purpose: To investigate the characteristics of sacral fatigue fractures in adolescents. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We analyzed patient background characteristics, physical examination and imaging findings, and treatment courses of those diagnosed with sacral fatigue fractures using magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Among 34 patients with sacral fatigue fractures, 15 and 19 were male and female patients, respectively, with an age range of 11 to 19 years (mean age, 15.0 years). Almost all patients were athletes, and 29 patients performed their sport ≥5 times a week. Long-distance runners were the most commonly affected, comprising 7 patients, and participants in other common sports such as baseball (6 patients), basketball (4 patients), and soccer (3 patients) were also affected. Physical examination revealed tension sign (Lasègue test) on the affected side in 6 patients and tight hamstrings in 24 patients. Imaging findings included 18 patients with right-side involvement, 12 with left-side involvement, and 4 with involvement on both sides. In 11 patients, spina bifida occulta was observed at S1 and 8 patients had a history of lumbar spondylolysis with 4 patients having concurrent sacral fatigue fractures. Physical therapy was performed concurrently with the cessation of exercise, and return to exercise was permitted if the pain had been relieved after 1 month. All patients returned to sports at a median of 48 days (range, 20-226 days) after symptom onset. However, 2 patients experienced recurrence (1 patient on the ipsilateral side and 1 patient on the contralateral side). Conclusion: Sacral stress fractures are not limited to long-distance runners in this population and can manifest as lower back pain or buttock pain in athletes participating in a variety of sports. Although the course of treatment was generally good, the possibility of recurrence must always be considered.
Biodegradable implant of magnesium/polylactic acid composite with enhanced antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties
Authors: Qian Yuxin , Wang Xianli , Wang Ping , Wu Jin , Shen Yue , Cai Kunzhan , Bai Jing , Lu Mengmeng , Tang Chunbo 
Published: May 2024

Addressing fracture-related infections (FRI) and impaired bone healing remains a significant challenge in orthopedics and stomatology. Researchers aim to address this issue by utilizing biodegradable biomaterials, such as magnesium/poly lactic acid (Mg/PLA) composites, to offer antibacterial properties during the degradation of biodegradable implants. Existing Mg/PLA composites often lack sufficient Mg content, hindering their ability to achieve the desired antibacterial effect. Additionally, research on the anti-inflammatory effects of these composites during late-stage degradation is limited. To strengthen mechanical properties, bolster antibacterial efficacy, and enhance anti-inflammatory capabilities during degradation, we incorporated elevated Mg content into PLA to yield Mg/PLA composites. These composites underwent in vitro degradation studies, cellular assays, bacterial tests, and simulation of the PLA degradation microenvironment. 20 wt% and 40 wt% Mg/PLA composites displayed significant antibacterial properties, with three composites exhibiting notable anti-inflammatory effects. In contrast, elevated Mg content detrimentally impacted mechanical properties. The findings suggest that Mg/PLA composites hold promise in augmenting antibacterial and anti-inflammatory attributes within polymers, potentially serving as temporary regenerative materials for treating bone tissue defects complicated by infections.
10-Year Cognitive Change in the Faroese Septuagenarian Cohort and Impact of Sociodemographic, Lifestyle, and Health Factors
Authors: Eliasen Eina H. , Weihe Pál , Debes Fróði , Tróndarson Marjun , Petersen Maria Skaalum 
Published: May 2024

Objectives To investigate cognitive change in multiple cognitive domains in a population-based cohort of 713 Faroese older adults. Methods Participants were cognitively tested at baseline (70–74 years) and re-evaluated after 10 years. Changes in cognitive performance and the impact of sociodemographic factors, lifestyle, and health conditions were analysed using mixed-effect models. Participants free from dementia were studied in separate analyses. Results A significant decline over 10 years was observed in most of the neuropsychological tests. People living in rural areas, married or cohabiting people, people without professional education, slightly older persons, smokers, teetotalers, and people with heart disease and abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) had a steeper decline in cognitive ability. Conflicting results were found for sex and people with myocardial infarction (MI). Discussion There are modifiable factors that contribute to cognitive decline which should be addressed in future public health efforts.
Design and seismic performance analysis of a novel special-shaped steel tube concrete column steel beam joint
Authors: Liu Chun-yang , Qin Ji-he , Gong Zhen-fan , Wang Hao , Zhou Guang-kai 
Published: May 2024

In this study, a novel special-shaped steel tube concrete column steel beam joint is proposed. Bolt connections are used to connect the pre-welded steel beam and the special-shaped steel tube concrete column. Based on the finite element software ABAQUS, we established finite element models of the column-beam joints, and conducted a series of finite element analyses to investigate the influence of various parameters on the seismic performance of the joint. These parameters include the shape and size of the flange hole, the shape and size of the web hole, and thickness of the spliced plate on the flange. The results show that the difference between the finite element analysis and experimental results for bearing capacity and displacement is within 10%. This indicates that finite element analysis can be effectively utilized to study the seismic performance of the joint. Compared to joints with non-spliced beam, the rotational deformation capacity of the joint is reduced when using bolts and spliced plates designed by the equal-strength method. The energy dissipation capacity and ductility deformation capacity of the joints with spliced beams are significantly improved by using elliptical bolt holes in the flange, and plastic hinges are formed in the spliced region. The elliptical holes in the web with varying sizes have little effect on the seismic performance of the joint. The thicknesses of the spliced plate ranging from 6 mm to 8 mm has little effect on the seismic performance of the joint, and a thin spliced plate will reduce the seismic performance of the joint. The study presented in this paper can provide a reference for promoting the engineering application of special-shaped steel tube concrete structures.
Misdiagnosis of Primary Iliac Aneurysmo-Colonic Fistula as a Submucosal Tumor Leading to Delayed Treatment: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Sangho , Hwang Deokbi , Yun Woo-Sung , Huh Seung , Kim Hyung-Kee 
Published: May 2024

An aortoenteric fistula (AEF) is an uncommon cause of gastrointestinal bleeding that requires prompt diagnosis and intervention owing to its high mortality rate. Moreover, iliac aneurysmo-colonic fistula is an exceptionally infrequent presentation. We report a unique case of a 71-year-old male presenting with hematochezia, later diagnosed with a primary fistula between a common iliac artery aneurysm and the sigmoid colon. Initially, the patient was misdiagnosed as having a gastrointestinal stromal tumor, leading to delayed and emergent surgical intervention due to massive bleeding 2 days later. This case is particularly notable for its rarity, misinterpretation of the initial diagnosis, complicated surgical procedures, and development of complications including ischemic myopathy. This case highlights the criticality of accurate diagnosis with a high index of suspicion, significance of consultation with a vascular surgeon for vascular abnormalities, and importance of considering ischemic time in the sequence of surgical treatments to ensure timely and appropriate management.
Enhancing hypertension detection and control through a hypertension certification program for pharmacists: A cluster randomized trial (The RxPATH Study)
Authors: Watson Kaitlyn E. , Chan Jonathan C.H. , Pan Bo , Al Hamarneh Yazid N. , Tsuyuki Ross T. 
Published: May 2024

Importance: We designed an online educational program for primary care health care providers, the Hypertension Canada Professional Certification Program (HC-PCP), based upon its 2020 guidelines. Objective: The objective was to determine the effect of the HC-PCP, taken by pharmacists, on systolic blood pressure (BP) in patients with poorly controlled hypertension. Design: Stepped wedge cluster randomized trial (unit of randomization was the pharmacy). Participants: Patients with poorly controlled hypertension (BP >140/90 mmHg or >130/80 mmHg [diabetes]) in community pharmacies in Alberta, Canada, were recruited by their pharmacist. Intervention: Pharmacists completed the HC-PCP program, then provided care to their patients with poorly controlled hypertension according to what they learned in the course. Control: Pharmacists were given a copy of the Hypertension Canada guidelines and provided their usual care to their patients prior to undertaking the HC-PCP later. Main outcome and measure: The primary outcome was a difference in change in systolic BP at 3 months between groups, while the secondary outcome was patient satisfaction with using the Consultation Satisfaction Questionnaire. Results: We enrolled 890 patients from 59 pharmacies (including 104 pharmacists). Using a linear mixed-effect model with BP reduction as the dependent variable and independent variables of treatment allocation, baseline BP, site effect and patient effect, the intervention was associated with a 4.76 mmHg (95% confidence interval, 2.02–7.50, p < 0.0001) systolic BP reduction at 3 months. Patient satisfaction with using the Consultation Satisfaction Questionnaire was high at 75.9 (/90). Conclusion and relevance: Most educational programs are not evaluated at the patient care level. The HC-PCP taken by pharmacists resulted in a 4.76 mmHg systolic BP reduction in their patients over 3 months. This would have major implications for public health, reducing heart disease, stroke and kidney failure.
Community pharmacy professionals’ knowledge, attitude, and practice toward nutrition and lifestyle counseling in Gondar City, Ethiopia
Authors: Belachew Eyayaw Ashete , Shibe Biniam Siyum , Tefera Aschalew Mulatu , Wondm Samuel Agegnew 
Published: May 2024

Background: Community pharmacy professionals play a vital role in health care, have a greater impact on public health programs, and play a critical role in patient counseling for both non-pharmacological and pharmacological management. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of community pharmacy professionals toward nutrition and lifestyle counseling in Gondar City, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in Northwestern Ethiopia from May to June 2021. Face-to-face structured interviews were performed to collect data using a specially created questionnaire. Descriptive, independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA analyses were used. A significant difference was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: This survey drew 100 community pharmacy professional from a pool of 105 participants, with a 95.2% response rate. More than a third of the participants ( n = 43, 43%) defined medical nutrition therapy as the use of food to prevent disease, and almost half of the participants ( n = 51, 51%) viewed therapeutic nutrition to be part of their job responsibilities. More than half (64%) believe that patients should be provided a combination of nutritional and pharmacological treatments in the majority of cases. The majority of participants (75%) gave patients counseling on drug-food interactions. Conclusion: The majority of community pharmacy professionals said they knew a lot about medical nutrition therapy and were enthusiastic about nutrition evaluation and medical nutrition therapy, they see these tasks as part of their job, and they practiced dietary counseling that was limited to pregnancy and chronic diseases.
Identification of Key Genes and Pathways for Anaerobic Germination Tolerance in Rice Using Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) in Association with Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Mapping
Authors: Yin Ming , Zheng Zhenzhen , Zhang Yue , Wang Shanwen , Zuo Liying , Lei Yuxin , Zhao Yaqiong , Zhao Xiuqin , Fu Binying , Shi Yingyao , Xu Jianlong , Wang Wensheng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world, and with the development of direct seeding methods for rice, exposure to anaerobic stress has become a major factor limiting its growth.

Results
In this experiment, we tested the tolerance to anaerobic germination of rice varieties NIP and HD84, and they were used as parents to construct a DH (doubled-haploid) population. The transcriptomes of NIP (highly tolerant) and HD86 (intolerant), and their progeny HR (highly tolerant) and NHR (intolerant) were sequenced from normal and anaerobic environments. The differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were subjected to GO (Gene ontology), KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes), and WGCNA analyses. QTL mapping of the DH population identified tolerance to anaerobic germination-related chromosomal segments. The transcriptome results from 24 samples were combined with the anaerobic stress QTL results for 159 DH population lines to construct a metabolic network to identify key pathways and a gene interaction network to study the key genes. Essential genes were initially subjected to rigorous functional validation, followed by a comprehensive analysis aimed at elucidating their potential utility in domestication and breeding practices, particularly focusing on the exploitation of dominant haplotypes.

Conclusion
The results show that pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) are the starting signals of energy metabolism for coleoptile length growth, the auxin transporter EXPA is the determining signal for coleoptile length growth. The pivotal genes Os05g0498700 and Os01g0866100 exert a negative regulatory influence on coleoptile length, ultimately enhancing tolerance to anaerobic germination in rice. Analyses of breeding potential underscore the additional value of Os05g0498700-hyp2 and Os01g0866100-hyp2, highlighting their potential utility in further improving rice through breeding programs. The results of our study will provide a theoretical basis for breeding anaerobic-tolerant rice varieties.
Effect of esketamine on the ED50 of propofol for successful insertion of ureteroscope in elderly male patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Luo Xin , Hao Wen-Wen , Zhang Xue , Qi Yu-Xuan , An Li-Xin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Propofol is effective and used as a kind of routine anesthetics in procedure sedative anesthesia (PSA) for ureteroscopy. However, respiratory depression and unconscious physical activity always occur during propofol-based PSA, especially in elderly patients. Esketamine has sedative and analgesic effects but without risk of cardiorespiratory depression. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether esketamine can reduce the propofol median effective dose (ED50) for successful ureteroscope insertion in elderly male patients.

Materials and methods
49 elderly male patients undergoing elective rigid ureteroscopy were randomly divided into two groups: SK Group (0.25 mg/kg esketamine+propofol) and SF Group (0.1 µg/kg sufentanil+propofol). Patients in both two groups received propofol with initial bolus dose of 1.5 mg/kg after sufentanil or esketamine was administered intravenously. The effective dose of propofol was assessed by a modified Dixon’s up-and-down method and then was adjusted with 0.1 mg/kg according to the previous patient response. Patients’ response to ureteroscope insertion was classified as “movement” or “no movement”. The primary outcome was the ED50 of propofol for successful ureteroscope insertion with esketamine or sufentanil. The secondary outcomes were the induction time, adverse events such as hemodynamic changes, hypoxemia and body movement were also measured.

Result
49 patients were enrolled and completed this study. The ED50 of propofol for successful ureteroscope insertion in SK Group was 1.356 ± 0.11 mg/kg, which was decreased compared with that in SF Group, 1.442 ± 0.08 mg/kg (P = 0.003). The induction time in SK Group was significantly shorter than in SF Group (P = 0.001). In SK Group, more stable hemodynamic variables were observed than in SF Group. The incidence of AEs between the two groups was not significantly different.

Conclusion
The ED50 of propofol with esketamine administration for ureteroscope insertion in elderly male patients is 1.356 ± 0.11 mg/kg, significantly decreased in comparsion with sufentanil.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No: ChiCTR2300077170. Registered on 1 November 2023. Prospective registration. http://www.chictr.org.cn.