bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Third‐Order NLO Performance of a Three‐Phase Core‐Shell PANI@MIL‐101(Cr)@CeO2 with Internal and External Synergies
Authors: Yang Shuhao , Sun Yupei , Geng Kangshuai , Cui Yang , Huang Jing , Meng Xiangru , Hou Hongwei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCombining metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with other functional materials can effectively improve the third‐order nonlinear optical (NLO) performances of MOFs. In this study, two distinct functional materials are selected and a PANI@MIL‐101(Cr)@CeO2 composite is successfully synthesized. The test results of third‐order NLO indicate that introducing PANI regulates the distribution of π electron clouds within the structure of the composite. Additionally, the core@shell structure formed by PANI@MIL‐101(Cr) and CeO2 promotes charge transfer and improves charge transfer efficiency under the weak heterojunction interaction, thereby enhancing nonlinear absorption and refractive signals. Under the double synergistic action of interior and exterior, a new charge transfer occurs between the components of the composite, resulting in excellent third‐order NLO performances. This study indicates that encapsulating polymer and loading metal oxides can effectively improve the NLO response of MOFs, which offers a new idea for more research on multiphase NLO materials.
Smart Hydrogel Sensors for Health Monitoring and Early Warning
Authors: Wang Kang , Zhang Junhui , Li Heng , Wu Jingzhi , Wan Qiwu , Chen Taiju , Liu Wenjing , Peng Hai , Zhang Hong , Luo Yang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSmart hydrogel sensors, functioning as implantable devices, play a vital role in health monitoring and early warning, overcoming the limitations of conventional clinical methods to achieve direct, continuous, and precise monitoring. Widely employed across various biomedical fields, these sensors offer unique advantages for early health monitoring, ensuring direct, continuous, and highly accurate monitoring. In addition to detecting biomolecules, smart hydrogel sensors, with their flexibility and biocompatibility, monitor disease‐specific markers, offer insights into disease progression, and contribute to the early identification of diseases. This article provides a comprehensive review of the types of hydrogel sensors employed in human health monitoring. The study discusses recent advancements in smart hydrogel sensor research, aiming to offer promising methods for human health monitoring. Finally, the paper outlines prospective research directions for hydrogel sensors in the field of human health monitoring. While further research and clinical validation are essential, hydrogel sensors are poised to play a pivotal role in clinical applications, furnishing people with accurate and continuous health monitoring.
Cyclo His‐Pro Attenuates Muscle Degeneration in Murine Myopathy Models
Authors: De Masi Alessia , Zanou Nadège , Strotjohann Keno , Lee Dohyun , Lima Tanes I. , Li Xiaoxu , Jeon Jongsu , Place Nicolas , Jung Hoe‐Yune , Auwerx Johan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAmong the inherited myopathies, a group of muscular disorders characterized by structural and metabolic impairments in skeletal muscle, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) stands out for its devastating progression. DMD pathogenesis is driven by the progressive degeneration of muscle fibers, resulting in inflammation and fibrosis that ultimately affect the overall muscle biomechanics. At the opposite end of the spectrum of muscle diseases, age‐related sarcopenia is a common condition that affects an increasing proportion of the elderly. Although characterized by different pathological mechanisms, DMD and sarcopenia share the development of progressive muscle weakness and tissue inflammation. Here, the therapeutic effects of Cyclo Histidine‐Proline (CHP) against DMD and sarcopenia are evaluated. In themdxmouse model of DMD, it is shown that CHP restored muscle contractility and force production, accompanied by the reduction of fibrosis and inflammation in skeletal muscle. CHP furthermore prevented the development of cardiomyopathy and fibrosis in the diaphragm, the two leading causes of death for DMD patients. CHP also attenuated muscle atrophy and functional deterioration in a mouse model of age‐related sarcopenia. These findings from two different models of muscle dysfunction hence warrant further investigation into the effects of CHP on muscle pathologies in animal models and eventually in patients.
Ultrashort‐Peptide‐Responsive Gene Switches for Regulation of Therapeutic Protein Expression in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Huang Jinbo , Xue Shuai , Xie Yu‐Qing , Teixeira Ana Palma , Fussenegger Martin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDespite the array of mammalian transgene switches available for regulating therapeutic protein expression in response to small molecules or physical stimuli, issues remain, including cytotoxicity of chemical inducers and limited biocompatibility of physical cues. This study introduces gene switches driven by short peptides comprising eight or fewer amino acid residues. Utilizing a competence regulator (ComR) and sigma factor X‐inducing peptide (XIP) from Streptococcus vestibularis as the receptor and inducer, respectively, this study develops two strategies for a peptide‐activated transgene control system. The first strategy involves fusing ComR with a transactivation domain and utilizes ComR‐dependent synthetic promoters to drive expression of the gene‐of‐interest, activated by XIP, thereby confirming its membrane penetrability and intracellular functionality. The second strategy features an orthogonal synthetic receptor exposing ComR extracellularly (ComREXTRA), greatly increasing sensitivity with exceptional responsiveness to short peptides. In a proof‐of‐concept study, peptides are administered to type‐1 diabetic mice with microencapsulated engineered human cells expressing ComREXTRA for control of insulin expression, restoring normoglycemia. It is envisioned that this system will encourage the development of short peptide drugs and promote the introduction of non‐toxic, orthogonal, and highly biocompatible personalized biopharmaceuticals for gene‐ and cell‐based therapies.
A High Performing Conjugated Microporous Polymer Cathode for Practical Sodium Metal Batteries Using an Ammoniate as Electrolyte
Authors: Ruiz‐Martinez Debora , Grieco Rebecca , Liras Marta , Patil Nagaraj , Marcilla Rebeca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe development of room‐temperature sodium‐metal batteries (SMBs) presents a cost‐effective solution for both large‐scale energy storage and high‐energy applications. However, challenges in finding suitable electrolytes that ensure stable cycling of the Na metal anode and the lack of cathodes capable of achieving high‐performance under practical conditions have impeded their commercialization. In this study, a high‐performance SMB combining a concentrated liquid ammonia‐based electrolyte (NaI·3.3NH3) and an organic cathode featuring an anthraquinone‐based conjugated microporous polymer hybrid (IEP‐11‐SR) are introduced. This ammoniate electrolyte effectively stabilizes the sodium anode, allowing reversible plating/stripping and preventing dendrite formation, even at extreme current densities (400 mA cm−2). The hybrid polymer cathode, with its intrinsic extended conjugated and microporous structure, exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance in rate‐capability and long‐term cyclability in the ammoniate electrolyte. The resulting SMB achieves a high capacity (100 mAh g−1 at 1C), excellent rate capability (51 mAh g−1 at 250C), and stable cycling performance (≈70% capacity retention after 4000 cycles at 15C). Notably, the utilization of remarkably thick cathodes (60 mg cm−2) with low carbon content (≈20 wt%) achieves an unprecedented areal capacity, close to 7 mAh cm−2, marking a significant advancement in practical SMB technology.
Recyclable Fluorine‐Free Water‐Borne Binders for High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathodes
Authors: Leibetseder Felix , Xie Jingyu , Leeb Elisabeth , Hesser Günter , Pettinger Karl‐Heinz , Bretterbauer Klaus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe rapidly increasing demand for lithium‐ion batteries and the fight against climate change call for novel materials that enhance performance, enable eco‐friendly processing, and are designed for efficient recycling. In lithium‐ion batteries, the binder polymer, used for cathode production, constitutes an integral but often overlooked component. The currently used polyvinylidene fluoride is processed with toxic organic solvents and has numerous other disadvantages concerning adhesion, conductivity, and recyclability. A change to aqueous processing using new, multi‐functional, purpose‐built materials that are soluble in water and fluorine‐free would thus constitute an important advance in the battery sector. Herein, four water‐soluble surfactant‐like polymers based on 11‐aminoundecanoic acid, that can be obtained in high purity and at a multigram scale are described. Free radical polymerization allows modification of the polymer with a wide variety of comonomers. The materials presented significantly enhance adhesion, are thermally stable at temperatures up to 350 °C, and are compatible with state‐of‐the‐art high‐energy LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (NMC 622) cathode materials. It is also shown new recycling pathways made possible by the reversible pH‐dependent water‐solubility of the materials.
Deciphering Cationic and Anionic Overoxidation: Key Insights into the Intrinsic Structural Degradation of Catalysts
Authors: Zheng Xiaobo , Yang Jiarui , Xu Xun , Dou Shixue , Sun Wenping , Wang Dingsheng , Wang Guoxiu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) technology holds tremendous promise for large‐scale green hydrogen production. However, its widespread application faces significant constraints due to the limited lifespan of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalyst in highly acidic and oxidative operating environments. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the catalyst's structural degradation mechanism is imperative for the rational design of high‐performance acidic catalysts. In this review, the essence of the structural degradation of catalysts: and irreversible cationic and anionic overoxidation is initially unveiled. This is followed by an in‐depth exploration of their intricate relationship with the adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) and lattice oxygen oxidation mechanism (LOM). Then, state‐of‐the‐art characterization techniques for cationic and anionic overoxidation analysis are introduced. Subsequently, 4 cutting‐edge catalyst antioxidation strategies, including heterostructure engineering, doping strategy, nanostructuring, and phase engineering are systematically discussed, aiming to reveal their intrinsic factors for effectively inhibiting catalyst overoxidation. Finally, the remaining challenges and prospective insights into catalysts for PEMWE are delineated. The overarching goal of this review is to facilitate a fundamental understanding of catalyst structural degradation mechanisms and provide principal guidelines for the rational design of robust acidic OER catalysts.
Larger spleens and greater splenic contraction during exercise may be an adaptive characteristic of Nepali Sherpa at high‐altitude
Authors: Brutsaert Tom D. , Harman Taylor Shay , Bigham Abigail W. , Kalker Anne , Jorgensen Kelsey C. , Zhu Kimberly T. , Steiner Bethany C. , Hawkins Ella , Day Trevor A. , Kunwar Ajaya J. , Thakur Nilam , Dhungel Sunil , Sherpa Nima , Holmström Pontus K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe Sherpa ethnic group living at altitude in Nepal may have experienced natural selection in response to chronic hypoxia. We have previously shown that Sherpa in Kathmandu (1400 m) possess larger spleens and a greater apnea‐induced splenic contraction compared to lowland Nepalis. This may be significant for exercise capacity at altitude as the human spleen responds to stress‐induced catecholamine secretion by an immediate contraction, which results in transiently elevated hemoglobin concentration ([Hb]).MethodsTo investigate splenic contraction in response to exercise at high‐altitude (4300 m; Pb = ~450 Torr), we recruited 63 acclimatized Sherpa (29F) and 14 Nepali non‐Sherpa (7F). Spleen volume was measured before and after maximal exercise on a cycle ergometer by ultrasonography, along with [Hb] and oxygen saturation (SpO2).ResultsResting spleen volume was larger in the Sherpa compared with Nepali non‐Sherpa (237 ± 62 vs. 165 ± 34 mL, p < .001), as was the exercise‐induced splenic contraction (Δspleen volume, 91 ± 40 vs. 38 ± 32 mL, p < .001). From rest to exercise, [Hb] increased (1.2 to 1.4 g.dl−1), SpO2 decreased (~9%) and calculated arterial oxygen content (CaO2) remained stable, but there were no significant differences between groups. In Sherpa, both resting spleen volume and the Δspleen volume were modest positive predictors of the change (Δ) in [Hb] and CaO2 with exercise (p‐values from .026 to .037 and R2 values from 0.059 to 0.067 for the predictor variable).ConclusionsLarger spleens and greater splenic contraction may be an adaptive characteristic of Nepali Sherpa to increase CaO2 during exercise at altitude, but the direct link between spleen size/function and hypoxia tolerance remains unclear.
Adults with paternal UPD14 causing Kagami–Ogata syndrome: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Smith Christopher S. , Riddell Madison , Badalato Lauren , Au Ping Yee Billie 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKagami–Ogata syndrome (KOS) is a clinically recognizable syndrome in the neonatal period. It is characterized by specific skeletal anomalies and facial dysmorphisms. It is typically caused by paternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 14, while epimutations and microdeletions are less commonly reported causes. In the pediatric setting, KOS is a well delineated syndrome. However, there is a dearth of literature describing the natural history of the condition in adults. Herein, we describe a 35‐year‐old man, the first adult with KOS reported due to paternal uniparental disomy 14, and review reports of KOS in other affected adults. This highlights the variability in neurocognitive phenotypes, the presence of connective tissue abnormalities, and the uncertainties around long‐term cancer risk.
Noonan syndrome‐like phenotype associated with an ERF frameshift variant
Authors: Hirano Yasuhiro , Kuroda Yukiko , Enomoto Yumi , Naruto Takuya , Muroya Koji , Kurosawa Kenji 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNoonan syndrome is a so‐called “RASopathy,” that is characterized by short stature, distinctive facial features, congenital heart defects, and developmental delay. Of individuals with a clinical diagnosis of Noonan syndrome, 80%–90% have pathogenic variants in the known genes implicated in the disorder, but the molecular mechanism is unknown in the remaining cases. Heterozygous pathogenic variants of ETS2 repressor factor (ERF), which functions as a repressor in the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, cause syndromic craniosynostosis. Here, we report an ERF frameshift variant cosegregating with a Noonan syndrome‐like phenotype in a family. The proband was a 3‐year‐old female who presented with dysmorphic facial features, including proptosis, hypertelorism, slightly down slanted palpebral fissures, low‐set posteriorly rotated ears, depressed nasal bridge, short stature, and developmental delay. Exome sequencing of the proband identified a heterozygous ERF variant [NM_006494.4: c.185del p.(Glu62Glyfs*15)]. Her mother and sister showed a similar phenotype and had the same heterozygous ERF variant. A large proportion of the previously reported patients with syndromic craniosynostosis and pathogenic ERF variants also showed characteristic features that overlap with those of Noonan syndrome. The present finding supports an association between heterozygous ERF variants and a Noonan syndrome‐like phenotype.
Trends in the survival of patients with trisomy 13 from 1995 to 2021: A population study in Japan
Authors: Kato Narumi , Morisaki Naho , Moriichi Akinori 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt remains unclear whether recent changes in the prognosis and management of patients with trisomy 13 impact patient survival. We investigated changes in survival of patients with trisomy 13 in Japan. Data from the Vital Statistics Database in Japan was retrieved to examine the association of sex, surgical history, and years of birth and death with changes in survival patterns in 1164 patients with trisomy 13 between 1995 and 2021. The rates of deaths due to trisomy 13 increased from 9.8% to 23.1% in those over 1 year of age and from 7.3% to 19.2% in those within 24 h of birth between 1995 and 2021. The median survival time was longer in 2009–2021 than in 1996–2008 (40 vs. 84 days, p < 0.001). The median survival time and the rate of patients with surgical history increased from 91 days and 16.0% in 1996–2008 to 179 days and 28.0% in 2009–2021, respectively. Median survival time among patients with trisomy 13 has increased over the last 26 years, with almost 1 in 3 patients currently surviving for more than 1 year. The increased surgical intervention rate might have contributed to this improvement.
Bias‐Switchable Dual‐Mode Organic Photodetector with High Operational Stability Using Self‐Trapped Cs3Cu2I5 Interfacial Layer
Authors: Zhang Zitong , Liu Junchuan , Wang Lin , Wei Qi , Li Mingjie , Bao Chunxiong , Bian Qingzhen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractConventional photovoltaic (PV)‐photodetectors are hard to detect fainted signals, while photomultiplication (PM)‐capable devices indispensable for detecting weak light and are prone to degrade under strong light illumination and large bias, and it is urgent to realize highly efficient integrated detecting system with both PM and PV operation modes. In this work, one lead‐free Cs3Cu2I5 nanocrystals with self‐trapping exciton nature was introduced as interfacial layer adjacent to bulk and layer‐by‐layer heterojunction structure, and corresponding organic photodetectors with bias‐switchable dual modes are demonstrated. The fabricated device exhibits low operating bias (0 V for PV mode and 0.8 V for PM mode), high specific detectivity (~1013 Jones), fast response speed as low as 1.59 μs, large bandwidth over 0.2 MHz and long‐term operational stability last for 4 months in ambient condition. This synergy strategy also validated in different materials and device architectures, providing a convenient and scalable production process to develop highly efficient bias‐switchable multi‐functional organic optoelectrical applications.
pH‐responsive polyurethane‐acrylate from palm olein and sunflower oil: Sustainable synthesis, enhanced lovastatin solubility, and potential drug carrier for targeted delivery
Authors: Tan Rachel Yie Hang , Lee Choy Sin , Pichika Mallikarjuna Rao , Cheng Sit Foon , Lam Ki Yan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA pH responsive non‐isocyanate polyurethane‐acrylate (NIPUA) is synthesized through utilizing palm olein and sunflower oil as feedstock. The unsaturated acyl chains of both vegetable oils are converted into epoxy rings through epoxidation and subjected to carbonation with binary catalytic system under a solventless and mild condition to produce the cyclic carbonates. The cyclic carbonates were reacted with 1,4‐butanediamine and itaconic acid to produce the NIPUA. The intermediates and product were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The NIPUA was incorporated with poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to form a polymer carrier system loaded with a hydrophobic model drug, lovastatin (LOV). All NIPUA/PVP preformulations demonstrated pH responsiveness, with 1 to 2‐folds enhanced solubility at pH 7.4 compared to pH 2.0. NIPUA/PVP exhibited solubility enhancer effect by significantly enhanced solubility (2–4 times) compared to pure LOV, LOV‐loaded PVP, and Medostatin tablets at both pH levels. LOV‐loaded NIPUA/PVP exhibited lower enthalpy energy in DSC thermogram than LOV‐loaded PVP, indicating disruption of LOV's crystalline structure. In MTT assay, IC50 values were 30.76 μg mL−1 for pure LOV and 273.53 μg mL−1 for NIPUA/PVP, demonstrating the potential of NIPUA as an environmentally friendly, pH responsive drug carrier for controlled release of poorly water‐soluble drugs.
3D printing conductive hydrogel with low modulus and anti‐swelling for customized strain sensors
Authors: Chen Chaojie , Cui Guoqing , Li Yuanlong , Liu Li , Wu Guangfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDeveloping antiswelling hydrogel that retains their low modulus and has three‐dimensional (3D) printability to application in the biomedical field is a current critical issue. Here, we synthesized 3D printing ink consist of poly(acrylic acid‐acrylamide‐allyloxypolyethyleneglycol) (P(AA‐Am‐APEG)) and nanosilica (SiO2) by free radical polymerization, immersed the hydrogel precursor printed by ink in ferric chloride solution to prepare a low modulus, antiswelling, and conductive hydrogel. In the physical cross‐linking network, the coordination interaction and hydrogen bonds contributed to excellent mechanical properties and nSiO2 regulated rheological behavior of ink. Especially, P(AA‐Am‐APEG) molecular chain was a structure containing of APEG branch chain, which could endow antiswelling (the equilibrium swelling rate was only 7% in deionized water) and low modulus (Young's modulus was less than 100 kPa) to hydrogel. The tensile stress could still maintain 90% of the original value after soaking for 24 h. In addition, the existence of iron and chloride ions provided high sensitive deformation‐dependent conductivity to hydrogel. Therefore, the strategy of controlling the swelling and modulus by branch chains would expand the application of hydrogel in biosensors and other fields.
www.hiddenstructures.berlin – ein digitales Projekt zur Kommunikation von Ingenieurbaukunst
Authors: Lorenz Werner 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAuch wenn in jüngerer Zeit erste Verbesserungen erkennbar sind, ist die gesellschaftliche Rezeption der Ingenieurleistungen im Bauwesen insgesamt gesehen nach wie vor defizitär. Dies verstetigt zum einen die nur mäßig positiven Konnotationen des gesamten Berufsstands, zum anderen befördert es die i. d. R. allenfalls geringe Wertschätzung von Tragwerk und Konstruktion in der Auseinandersetzung um den Erhalt denkmalgeschützter Bauten. Selbst herausragende Zeugnisse historischer Ingenieurleistungen fallen der international bereits als facadism diskutierten Praxis zum Opfer, die den Bauwerkserhalt bei Verlust des gesamten konstruktiven Gefüges allein auf die Fassade reduziert. In der Auseinandersetzung um die Deutungshoheit zum Wert des Ingenieurwerks kommt einer offensiven Kommunikation von Konstruktion als Eigenwert und Kulturerbe besondere Bedeutung zu. Das Projekt hidden structures – Ingenieurbaukunst Berlin nutzt gezielt die Möglichkeiten von Digitalisierung und Virtual Reality für eine neue Dimension der interaktiven Vermittlung historischer wie heutiger Ingenieurbauleistungen.