bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autologous chondrocyte implantation drives early chondrogenesis and organized repair in extensive full‐ and partial‐thickness cartilage defects in an equine model
Authors: Nixon Alan J. , Begum Laila , Mohammed Hussni O. , Huibregtse Barbara , O'Callaghan Michael M. , Matthews Gloria L. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAutologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) has been used clinically for over 15 years and yet definitive evidence of chondrocyte persistence and direct impact on cartilage repair in full‐thickness lesions is scant and no data are available on ACI in partial‐thickness defects in any animal model. This study assessed the effect of chondrocytes secured using periosteal overlay in partial‐ and full‐thickness cartilage defects in the equine model. Paired cartilage defects 15 mm in diameter were made in the patellofemoral joint of 16 horse and repaired with ACI or periosteal flap alone. Response was assessed at 8 weeks by clinical, microradiographic, and histologic appearance, and by collagen type II immunohistochemistry, and proteoglycan and DNA quantification. ACI improved histologic scores in partial‐ and full‐thickness cartilage defects, including defect filling, attachment to the underlying subchondral bone, and presence of residual chondrocyte accumulations. For partial‐thickness defects chondrocyte predominance, collagen type II content, and toluidine stained matrix were enhanced, and attachment to the surrounding cartilage improved. DNA and PG content of grafted partial‐thickness defects was improved by chondrocyte implantation. Periosteal patches alone did not induce cartilage repair. This study indicated implantation of chondrocytes to cartilage defects improved healing with a combination of persisting chondrocyte regions, enhanced collagen type II formation, and better overall cartilage healing scores. Use of ACI in the more challenging partial‐thickness defects also improved histologic indices and biochemical content. The equine model of cartilage healing closely resembles cartilage repair in man, and results of this study confirm cell persistence and improved early cartilage healing events after ACI. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1121–1130, 2011
Reduced platelet concentration does not harm PRP effectiveness for ACL repair in a porcine in vivo model
Authors: Mastrangelo Ashley N. , Vavken Patrick , Fleming Braden C. , Harrison Sophia L. , Murray Martha M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEnhanced primary repair of the ACL using a collagen scaffold loaded with platelets has been shown to improve the functional healing of suture repair in animal models. In this study, our objectives were to determine if lowering the platelet concentration would reduce the structural properties of the repaired ACL and increase postoperative knee laxity. Eight Yucatan mini‐pigs underwent bilateral suture repair. In one knee, the repair was augmented with a collagen scaffold saturated with platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) containing five times the systemic baseline of platelets (5×) while the contralateral knee had a collagen scaffold saturated with PRP containing three times the systemic baseline of platelets (3×). After 13 weeks of healing, knee joint laxity and the structural properties of the ACL were measured. The 3× platelet concentration resulted in a 24.1% decrease in cellular density of the repair tissue (p < 0.05), but did not significantly decrease the structural properties [3× vs. 5×: 362 N vs. 291 N (p = 0.242) and 70 N/mm vs. 53 N/mm (p = 0.189) for the yield load and linear stiffness, respectively]. The 3× platelet concentration also did not significantly change the mean anteroposterior knee laxity at 30° and 90° of flexion [5× vs. 3×: 3.5 mm vs. 5.1 mm (p = 0.140), and 6.1 mm vs. 6.3 mm (p = 0.764)] but did result in a lower AP laxity at 60° [5× vs. 3×: 8.6 mm vs. 7.3 mm (p = 0.012)]. The decrease in platelet concentration from 5× to 3× to enhance suture repair of the ACL did not significantly harm the mechanical outcomes in this animal model. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29: 1002–1007, 2011
Application of surface‐enhanced Raman scattering in cell analysis
Authors: Xie Wei , Su Le , Shen Aiguo , Materny Arnulf , Hu Jiming 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), the scattered intensity is drastically increased due to a resonant interaction with surface plasmons of coin metals. SERS is a nondestructive spectroscopic method applied also to biomedical samples. It inherits the advantages of normal Raman spectroscopy and at the same time overcomes the inherent low sensitivity problem. These properties endow SERS with exciting opportunities to be a successful analytical tool for cell analysis. SERS can be used to detect only molecules located on or close to the metallic nanostructures which can support surface plasmon resonances for the enhancement of the Raman signals. Therefore, these metallic nanostructures play a key role in the application of SERS in cell analysis. By incorporating the SERS substrates into the biosamples, molecular structural probing and cellular imaging become possible. In the past decade, analysts worldwide have developed many schemes to study the chemical changes and component distribution in cells by using SERS. In this paper, the application of SERS in cell analysis is reviewed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman and IR studies of BaBi2Ta2O9 prepared by a sol–gel process
Authors: Ma̧czka M. , de Sousa Pinheiro G. , Hermanowicz K. , Freire P. T. C. , Hanuza J. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe formation of ferroelectric BaBi2Ta2O9 (BBT) by a sol–gel process was studied by X‐ray, Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Our results show that the formation of a Bi‐layered phase proceeds via an intermediate fluorite‐type phase. This method allows obtaining a BBT phase already at 750 °C. This temperature is about 150–200 °C lower than that required in the conventional solid‐state reaction. Therefore, a material with smaller particle size can be obtained. Raman and IR studies of the obtained Bi‐layered phase show that phonon properties of the synthesized particles are slightly different from those of the bulk material due to the size effect, defects and weak changes in local order. Temperature dependence of Raman and IR wavenumbers is consistent with the orthorhombic distortion of the BBT structure. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Raman characterisation of conventional and cross‐linked polyethylene in acetabular cups run on a hip joint simulator
Authors: Taddei P. , Di Foggia M. , Affatato S. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractFive sets of differently sterilised conventional ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE) acetabular cups were run for 5 million cycles on a hip joint simulator in order to evaluate their wear behaviour in relation to material properties (PE grade, conventional or cross‐linked) and sterilisation method (ethylene oxide (EtO) treatment or γ‐irradiation). Gravimetric measurements revealed that conventional UHMWPE wore significantly more than XLPE. The differences in wear behaviour could be partly related to the orthorhombic contents obtained by Raman spectroscopy in the unworn areas of the cups: XLPE cups showed a significantly higher crystallinity degree than the UHMWPE specimens. Raman analysis showed that wear testing did not significantly modify the orthorhombic content of any of the tested acetabular cups. However, the set of cups that showed the highest weight loss, i.e. γ‐sterilised PE GUR1020, appeared the most homogeneously polished upon wear testing; from a molecular point of view, only this set of cups showed a significant increase of the I1130/I1060 intensity ratio, suggesting the occurrence of chain orientation. On the other hand, XLPE cups, despite the lowest weight loss undergone, showed a decrease in the amorphous content upon wear testing as well as a limited orthorhombic → monoclinic transformation, which did not appear detrimental. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fano resonance in heavily doped porous silicon
Authors: Pusep Y. A. , Rodrigues A. D. , Borrero‐González L. J. , Acquaroli L. N. , Urteaga R. , Arce R. D. , Koropecki R. R. , Tirado M. , Comedi D. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUnexpectedly, the Fano resonance caused by the interference of continuum electron excitations with the longitudinal optical (LO) phonons was observed in random porous Si by Raman scattering. The analysis of the experimental data shows that the electron states trapped at the SiSiO2 interface dominate in the observed Raman scattering. The gap energy associated with the interface states was determined. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Revealing the invisible: using surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy to identify minute remnants of color in Winslow Homer's colorless skies
Authors: Brosseau Christa L. , Casadio Francesca , Van Duyne Richard P. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe fading of pigments in items of importance to cultural heritage, such as paintings, works of art on paper, and textiles, is a ubiquitous problem. Tools currently available that can detect and identify organic colorants in severely degraded works of art are rare, given the heavy deterioration and restricted availability of the sample. Recently, however, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy has shown great promise in detecting and identifying mass‐limited samples. The art conservation field has seized upon the opportunity opened up by this powerful analytical technique to enable the identification of microscopic amounts of organic molecules used as artists' colorants in complex matrices, such as biomaterials (i.e. dyed natural textiles, linseed oil biofilms present in oil paintings, etc.), a possibility that was previously precluded due to interfering fluorescence and small sample size. Here, we report SERS spectra recorded directly on single particles of red lake pigments from an important historical watercolor by the American master Winslow Homer (1836–1910) that suffered some degree of fading. The accurate colorant identification provided by SERS, enhanced by comparison with reference samples of historical watercolors, has thus enabled important discoveries regarding the materials and intended meanings behind artworks from one of the most influential American watercolor painters. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical properties and sensory quality of ice cream fortified with fish protein
Authors: Shaviklo Gholam Reza , Thorkelsson Gudjon , Sveinsdottir Kolbrun , Rafipour Fereidon 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND:Fish protein powder is a functional ingredient that can be used for enhancing the nutritional value of food products. In this study the effect of fortification with different levels of fish protein powder (FP) on chemical properties and sensory quality of Persian ice cream with 0, 30 and 50 g kg−1FP during storage at − 18 °C for 4 months was investigated.RESULTS:Ice creams fortified with 50 and 30 g kg−1FP had significantly higher protein and solid‐non‐fat content than ice cream with 0% FP or 83, 69 and 51 g kg−1protein and 215, 204 and 181 g kg−1solid non‐fat, respectively. All products had the same levels of fat, lactose, acidity and pH. They had similar sensory quality after production except for colour, but sensory properties of fortified samples changed significantly after 2 months of storage. Colour faded, cohesiveness decreased, sandiness/coarseness increased, sweetness decreased and fish flavour and off‐odour increased. The control ice cream scored highest for additives odour and flavour.CONCLUSION:Development of ice cream fortified with fish protein powder could be an effective way to enhance nutritional and functional value of ice cream. But studies on storage stability, consumers' acceptance and attitudes are recommended if companies are planning to do so. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Nutritional and functional added value of oat, Kamut®, spelt, rye and buckwheat versus common wheat in breadmaking
Authors: Angioloni Alessandro , Collar Concha 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Multicereal/pseudocereal blends based on major and minor seeds with high nutritional profile appear as a promising strategy, hardly explored, to obtain enhanced value grain‐based foods such as bread.RESULTS: In a preliminary stage the suitability of minor/ancient cereals (rye, oat, Kamut® wheat, spelt wheat) and pseudocereals (buckwheat) was assessed in single (100% of wheat flour replacement) and multigrain (from 20 to 44% of wheat flour replacement) matrices. The research allowed identification of the qualitative (oat, rye, buckwheat) and quantitative (up to 75% of wheat flour replacement) grains in the mixed matrices providing enhancement of nutritional quality (higher protein content, higher mineral content, lower digestible starch, higher viscous fibre content, higher resistant starch content, source of antioxidants) and minimisation of techno‐functional impairment and sensory depreciation of the resulting breads.CONCLUSION: The quality profile of associated mixtures of oat, rye, buckwheat and common wheat flours (20:20:20:40 w/w/w/w) endorsed the proposed grain blend as suitable to make highly nutritious, modern and innovative baked goods meeting functional and sensory standards in terms of nutritional added value (improved dietary fibre fractions, minerals and antioxidant activity, slower starch hydrolysis), palatability (high sensory scores), convenience (extended keepability during storage) and easy handling during processing. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Testing the corrosion resistance of stainless steels during the fermentation of probiotic drink
Authors: Pečar Darja , Slemnik Mojca , Goršek Andreja 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Over recent years, food producers have devoted much attention to the production of safe foods. Simultaneously, using advanced process technologies, it has been necessary to carefully select materials for use in process equipment. Milk and its products are exposed to metal surfaces from the time they are processed, through the various stages of handling and manufacture, to the packaging of the finished products for market. The selection of suitable materials for daily use in the dairy industry cannot be governed solely by their price and mechanical properties but must also take into consideration their influence on the quality of milk products.RESULTS: This paper presents the results of testing the corrosion resistance of three stainless steels during the fermentation of a specific probiotic drink, kefir. Experiments were conducted using preliminarily activated kefir grains as a starter culture. Corrosion resistance was studied using a gravimetric and two electrochemical methods. The two steels showing the best corrosion performance differed mainly in their Mo and Nb contents.CONCLUSION: The results indicated that Nb played the most protective role against corrosion during kefir fermentation, since the steel containing Nb but no Mo showed the lowest corrosion rate. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Fermentation characteristics and aerobic stability of wet corn distillers grains with solubles ensiled in combination with whole plant corn
Authors: Mjoun Kamal , Kalscheur Kenneth F , Garcia Alvaro D 
Published: February 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: Wet corn distillers grains with solubles (WDG) are prone to aerobic spoilage when stored for an extended period of time. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of ensiling WDG with whole plant corn (WPC) using the following combinations: (1) 100% WPC; (2) 75% WPC + 25% WDG; (3) 50% WPC + 50% WDG; and (4) 100% WDG.RESULTS: The initial pH was greatest for 100% WPC and lowest for 100% WDG (5.7, 4.6, 4.0, and 3.1, respectively). Concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (12.0, 26.8, 40.7, and 50.8 g kg−1 dry matter (DM)) and Crude protein (CP) (98.7, 155.8, 206.8, and 307.9 g kg−1 of DM) increased with increasing concentrations of WDG. Lactic acid concentration prior to ensiling was greatest for 100% WDG (9.0 g kg−1 DM) and decreased with WPC in the silage. Acetic, propionic, and butyric acids were not present prior to ensiling. The pH of the ensiled feeds dropped below 4.0 by day 3, with no further decrease over time. Acetic acid increased from undetected amounts at day 0 to 38.8, 43.9, 43.2, and 2.2 g kg−1 of DM at day 129 as concentration of WDG increased. Aerobic stability was enhanced with increasing WDG concentration in the silage.CONCLUSION: Fermentation, nutrient profile, and aerobic stability can be improved when ensiling wet distillers grains with whole plant corn. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Evaluation of a novel microextraction technique for aqueous samples: Porous membrane envelope filled with multiwalled carbon nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer
Authors: Tan Feng , Deng Minjie , Liu Xue , Zhao Hongxia , Li Xiaona , Quan Xie , Chen Jingwen 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA novel microextraction technique based on membrane‐protected multiwalled carbon nanotubes coated with molecularly imprinted polymer (MWCNTs‐MIP) was developed. In this technique, MWCNTs‐MIP were packed inside a polypropylene membrane envelope, which was then clamped onto a paper clip. For extraction, the packed membrane envelope was first impregnated with toluene and then placed in sample solutions. Target analytes in the solutions were first extracted into toluene in the membrane envelope, and were then extracted specifically onto the MWCNTs‐MIP. After the extraction, target analytes were desorbed in methanol for liquid chromatography analysis. MWCNTs‐MIP of prometryn were used as a model to demonstrate the feasibility of this novel microextraction technique. Factors affecting the extraction including organic solvent, stirring rate, extraction time, salt concentration, and pH were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection (a signal‐to‐noise ratio of 3) for the selected triazine herbicides were 0.08–0.38 μg/L. The prepared membrane envelope could be used at least 50 times. The developed method was used for the analysis of the triazines spiked in river water, wastewater, and liquid milk, with recoveries ranging from 79.3–97.4, 58.9–110.3 and 76.2–104.9%, respectively.
Information searching and the travel behaviours of MICE travellers: a cross‐cultural study
Authors: Chiang Che‐Chao , King Brian Edward , Nguyen Thu‐Huong 
Published: February 2011

AbstractDespite growing academic interest in meetings, incentives, conventions and exhibitions (MICE) travel in recent years, there has been little investigation of the comparative information search behaviours of MICE travellers on the basis of their country of origin and cultural background. This paper proposes that country of residence and primary language spoken are significant factors in explaining the information searching and travel behaviours of MICE travellers. The sample population included Japanese‐, English‐ and Chinese‐speaking MICE travellers. A self‐completion questionnaire was administered to travellers undertaking MICE‐related travel in Taipei, Taiwan. Some significant differences were identified between the three respondent groups. The findings demonstrate the important role that is played by internal and external information sources among MICE travellers as a predictor of their subsequent travel to Taiwan. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thanatourism or peace tourism: perceived value at a North Korean resort from an indigenous perspective
Authors: Lee Choong‐Ki , Bendle Lawrence J. , Yoon Yoo‐Shik , Kim Myung‐Ja 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThis paper examines the underlying factors that affected perceived value among South Korean tourists who visited the North Korean Mt Kumgang resort. Results identified emotional, functional and economic values as core elements that directly affected guest satisfaction, which influenced intentions to recommend and revisit. Seen as a peace tourism site when the Sunshine Policy of rapprochement guided inter‐Korean strategy, we argue that the resort project is a heterotopia of comparison combining idealized cultural and contradictory political spaces in one place. Understanding this needs Korean ideas that lead to a thanatourism with an indigenous perspective, which is applicable to other non‐Western thanatourism‐like sites. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Combined prospective and retrospective motion correction to relax navigator requirements
Authors: Maclaren Julian , Lee Kuan J. , Luengviriya Chaiya , Speck Oliver , Zaitsev Maxim 
Published: February 2011

AbstractProspective motion correction can prevent motion artifacts in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. However, for high‐resolution imaging, the technique relies on precise tracking of head motion. This precision is often limited by tracking noise, which leads to residual errors in the prospectively‐corrected k‐space data and artifacts in the image. This work shows that it is possible to estimate these tracking errors, and hence the true k‐space sample locations, by applying a two‐sided filter to the tracking data after imaging. A conjugate gradient reconstruction is compared to gridding as a means of using this information to retrospectively correct for the effects of the residual errors. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of muscles affected by myositis using magnetic resonance elastography
Authors: McCullough Matthew B. , Domire Zachary J. , Reed Ann M. , Amin Shreyasee , Ytterberg Steven R. , Chen Qingshan , An Kai‐Nan 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIntroduction: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs, or myositis) represent a group of autoimmune diseases that result in decreased muscle strength and/or endurance. Non‐invasive tools to assess muscle may improve our understanding of the clinical and functional consequences of myopathies and their response to treatment. In this study we examine magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), a non‐invasive technique that assesses the shear modulus (stiffness) of muscle, in IIM subjects. Methods: Nine subjects with active myositis completed the MRE protocol. Participants lay in a positioning device, and scans of the vastus medialis (VM) were taken in the relaxed state and at two contraction levels. Manual inversion was used to estimate the stiffness. Results: A significant reduction in muscle stiffness was seen in myositis subjects compared with healthy controls during the “relaxed” condition. Discussion: The use of non‐invasive technologies such as MRE may provide greater understanding of the pathophysiology of IIM and improve assessment of treatment efficacy. Muscle Nerve, 2011
A three‐dimensional staggered finite element approach for random parametric modeling of thermo‐hygral coupled phenomena in porous media
Authors: Meftah F. , Dal Pont S. , Schrefler B. A. 
Published: February 2011

SUMMARYThe aim of this paper is to present a three‐dimensional (3D) finite element modeling of heat and mass transfer phenomena in partially saturated open porous media with random fields of material properties. Randomness leads to transfer processes within the porous medium that naturally need a full 3D modeling for any quantitative assessment of these processes. Nevertheless, the counterpart of 3D modeling is a significant increase in computations cost. Therefore, a staggered solution strategy is adopted which permits to solve the equations sequentially. This appropriate partitioning reduces the size of the discretized problem to be solved at each time step. It is based on a specific iterative algorithm to account for the interaction between all the transfer processes. Accordingly, a suitable linearization of mass convective boundary conditions, consistent with the staggered algorithm, is also derived. After some validation tests, the 3D numerical model is used for studying the drying process of a cementitious material with regard to its intrinsic permeability randomness. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.