bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SECURITY BY ASSOCIATION? MAPPING ATTACHMENT THEORY ONTO FAMILY LAW PRACTICE
Authors: Garber Benjamin D. 
Published: June 2012

Family Court Review has provided the family law community with an invaluable compilation of articles in the form of interviews with some of the world's most highly respected experts on attachment theory. These articles provide insight into the young child's experience of early relatedness and sound direction for those providing services to most families. This article suggests, however, that attachment theory's great wealth of empirical data may have limited validity when applied to high‐conflict, recidivist‐litigant, custody‐contending families. In particular, the recommendation that young children benefit from the near‐exclusive care of their mother throughout their first 2 or 3 years and can thereafter build a relationship with their father on the strength of their mother's endorsement ignores the frank reality of these children's lives. Acknowledging the painful realities of children thus caught in the middle, we must instead perform the delicate balancing act of providing children with a developmentally appropriate opportunity to build a secure attachment with each of their parents from birth forward. This position is framed within an evolutionary and developmental perspective.Key Points for the Family Court Community:
The quality of a child's attachment relationship with Parent A is built both upon his/her direct experience of Parent A's sensitive and responsive care and upon his/her experience of Parent B's endorsement of parent A as a sensitive and responsive caregiver.
The attachment research suggests that most children will benefit from a primary relationship with their mother from birth through the 2nd or 3rd year and may thereafter build a relationship with their father on the basis of their mother's endorsement.
The mutual disregard and acrimony characteristic of the high‐conflict divorce population makes it exceedingly unlikely that a mother granted near‐exclusive care of her infant will thereafter be willing or able to genuinely endorse the father so as to lay the foundation for the child's secure attachment with him.
Very young children of high‐conflict parents may have the best opportunity to make and maintain a healthy relationship with both of their parents when they have frequent, developmentally informed, and carefully structured contact with both from their earliest days.
YOUNG CHILDREN, ATTACHMENT SECURITY, AND PARENTING SCHEDULES
Authors: Hynan Daniel J. 
Published: June 2012

The focus of a recent Family Court Review Special Issue on attachment, separation, and divorce included perspectives primarily from researchers in the Bowlby/Ainsworth tradition. A number of the authors made recommendations against overnight visits for very young children. I review conceptualizations and measures of attachment security as well as empirical findings. Currently the foundation to make general recommendations regarding overnight visits is inadequate. Caution is needed in using attachment measures in court evaluations and regarding restrictive legal presumptions and theoretical orientations. Custody and access evaluations and decisions need to apply scientifically sound principles to the individual characteristics of each case.Key Points for the Family Court Community:
Simple “yes” or “no” answers are inadequate regarding the question of overnight visits for young children.
Attachment security can change and is influenced by multiple factors over the life span.
There are important scientific, ethical, and cost factors when considering the possible use of attachment security measures in custody evaluation.
Scientific findings about how overnight visits affect young children are mixed and seem best explained by differences in parental characteristics and interactions.
Each case deserves decision‐making based on careful reasoning, informed by scientific findings and the relevant individual circumstances.
A WASTED OPPORTUNITY TO ENGAGE WITH THE LITERATURE ON THE IMPLICATIONS OF ATTACHMENT RESEARCH FOR FAMILY COURT PROFESSIONALS
Authors: Lamb Michael E. 
Published: June 2012

The Family Court Review Special Issue edited by McIntosh provided a misleadingly narrow view of attachment theory and of previous attempts to explore the implications of that theory and related research for family court professionals. For example, the editor chose to interview professionals whose opinions seemed likely to accord with hers, and when they dissented, she failed to explore the implications. She thus represented Bowlby's notion of monotropy as though it was an established and accepted fact; neither the research (which shows the idea to be incorrect) nor Bowlby's own later disavowal of the idea were addressed, although the implications are profound. More generally, the extensive relevant scholarship was ignored and unrepresented, leaving the unchallenged focus on the editor's own research and on opinions that accord with her own. As a result, the Special Issue became a platform for opinion, rather than a forum for critical examination of the literature.Key Points for the Family Court Community:
Most children in two‐parent families form attachments to both of their parents at the same stage in their development.
Relationships with both their mother and father profoundly affect children's adjustment, whether or not they live together.
Professionals need to be careful when generalizing from research which may have involved families in circumstances quite unlike those experienced by the individuals they are trying to assist.
REVIEWING THE OPPORTUNITIES: GUEST EDITOR'S REPLY TO COMMENTS
Authors: McIntosh Jennifer E. 
Published: June 2012

This essay is a reply by the guest editor to four published comments about the July 2011 Special Issue: Attachment Theory, Separation and Divorce: Forging Coherent Understandings for Family Law. The comments capture some of the immense interest and passion generated by that issue. Questions pertaining to the structure of the issue are addressed and editorial decisions clarified. The relevant critiques are considered, and the opportunities created by the Special Issue are revisited. Unanswered questions raised about the application of attachment theory to family law matters are left as such: unanswered questions that call for careful consideration in practice and in nuanced, bipartisan research in the near future.Key Points for the Family Court Community
This essay revisits the value of the July 2011 Special Issue on attachment theory.
It considers the relevance of the Special Issue for practitioners.
Impact of grain size distributions on the dust enrichment in high-redshift quasars
Authors: Kuo Tzu-Ming , Hirashita Hiroyuki 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
In high-redshift (z &gt; 5) quasars, a large amount of dust (∼108 M⊙) has been observed. In order to explain the large dust content, we focus on a possibility that grain growth by the accretion of heavy elements is the dominant dust source. We adopt a chemical evolution model applicable to nearby galaxies, but utilize parameters adequate to high-z quasars. It is assumed that metals and dust are predominantly ejected by Type II supernovae (SNe). We have found that grain growth strongly depends on the grain size distribution. If we simply use the size distribution of grains ejected from SNe, grain growth is inefficient because of the lack of small grains (i.e. small surface-to-volume ratio of the dust grains). However, if we take small grain production by interstellar shattering into consideration, grain growth is efficient enough to account for the rich dust abundance in high-z quasars. Our results not only confirm that grain growth is necessary to explain the large amount of dust in high-z quasars, but also demonstrate that grain size distributions have a critical impact on grain growth.
LGBT Homemaking in London, UK: The Embodiment of Mobile Homemaking Imaginaries
Authors: PILKEY BRENT 
Published: June 2012

AbstractA stimulating body of work, which sits at the intersection of feminist and queer geographies, argues that embodied performativity can not be separated from the study of home. This paper seeks to expand on this work by looking closely at spatial mobility and homemaking imaginaries of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender (LGBT) Londoners. Specifically, I focus on two separate yet related locations in the production of home: the parental home and the home established in adulthood. The paper argues that for LGBT Londoners, both sites play an important, complex role whereby homemaking identity is shaped through the tension or push and pull of these two locations. The parental home can be an isolated space where one's sexual identity remains, if not closeted, then modified. Often, one flees the home in the process of ‘coming out’, and identity is expressed differently in the new home. Given this departure, arrival, and return (to visit), how does the parental home relate to one's current identity and homemaking practices? The research for the paper is drawn from eight semi‐structured interviews conducted with Londoners. Using this research and the physical and emotional embodiment framework, I also draw parallels with Blunt's theme of ‘productive nostalgia’, whereby both the physical spatial embodiment as well as the narrative of imagination – in past (as in conventional understandings of nostalgia), present, and future – act as a lens to understanding the homemaking of LGBT Londoners.
Contribution of serotonin uptake and degradation to myocardial interstitial serotonin levels during ischaemia‐reperfusion in rabbits
Authors: Sonobe T. , Akiyama T. , Du C.‐K. , Zhan D.‐Y. , Shirai M. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAimAlthough deleterious effects of serotonin (5‐HT) have been demonstrated during myocardial ischaemia‐reperfusion, little information is available on myocardial interstitial 5‐HT kinetics. This study evaluated the contribution of 5‐HT reuptake and degradation to myocardial interstitial 5‐HT levels during ischaemia‐reperfusion.MethodsUsing microdialysis technique in anaesthetized rabbits, we monitored myocardial interstitial 5‐HT levels in the ischaemic region during ischaemia (30 min) followed by reperfusion (60 min) and investigated the effects of local infusion of fluoxetine, a 5‐HT uptake inhibitor, and/or pargyline, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor.ResultsIn vehicle control, dialysate 5‐HT concentration increased gradually from 16 ± 3 at baseline to 85 ± 18 nm during 20–30 min of ischaemia. Dialysate 5‐HT concentration further increased to 236 ± 47 nm at 0–10 min of reperfusion and then began to decline. Averaged 5‐HT concentration was 61 ± 11 during ischaemia and 113 ± 13 nm during reperfusion. Fluoxetine elevated dialysate 5‐HT level at baseline and at 10–30 min of reperfusion; it increased averaged dialysate 5‐HT concentration by approx. 304% during reperfusion compared to control. Pargyline elevated averaged dialysate 5‐HT concentration during ischaemia by approx. 243% and that during reperfusion by approx. 250% compared to control. The changes in dialysate 5‐HT concentration by fluoxetine + pargyline were similar to those of fluoxetine alone.ConclusionThe 5‐HT reuptake function plays an important role in the clearance of myocardial interstitial 5‐HT during reperfusion. When 5‐HT reuptake function is intact, degradation of 5‐HT by monoamine oxidase contributes to reduce myocardial interstitial 5‐HT level throughout ischaemia‐reperfusion.
Patterns in influenza antiviral medication use before and during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, 2000–2010
Authors: Greene Sharon K. , Shay David K. , Yin Ruihua , McCarthy Natalie L. , Baxter Roger , Jackson Michael L. , Jacobsen Steven J. , Nordin James D. , Irving Stephanie A. , Naleway Allison L. , Glanz Jason M. , Lieu Tracy A. 
Published: June 2012

Please cite this paper as: Greene et al. (2012) Patterns in influenza antiviral medication use before and during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, Vaccine Safety Datalink Project, 2000‐2010. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 6(601), e143–e151.Background  U.S. recommendations for using influenza antiviral medications changed in response to viral resistance (to reduce adamantane use) and during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic (to focus on protecting high‐risk patients). Little information is available on clinician adherence to these recommendations. We characterized population‐based outpatient antiviral medication usage, including diagnosis and testing practices, before and during the pandemic.Methods  Eight medical care organizations in the Vaccine Safety Datalink Project provided data on influenza antiviral medication dispensings from January 2000 through June 2010. Dispensing rates were explored in relation to changes in recommendations and influenza diagnosis and laboratory testing frequencies. Factors associated with oseltamivir dispensings in pandemic versus pre‐pandemic periods were identified using multivariable logistic regression.Results  Antiviral use changed coincident with recommendations to avoid adamantanes in 2006, to use alternatives to oseltamivir in 2008, and to use oseltamivir during the pandemic. Of 38,019 oseltamivir dispensings during the pandemic, 31% were to patients not assigned an influenza diagnosis, and 97% were to patients not tested for influenza. Oseltamivir was more likely to be dispensed in pandemic versus pre‐pandemic periods to patients <25 years old and to those with underlying conditions, including chronic pulmonary disease or pregnancy (P < 0·0001 for each factor in multivariable analysis).Conclusions  Antiviral medication usage patterns suggest that clinicians followed recommendations to change antiviral prescribing based on resistance and to focus on high‐risk patients during the pandemic. Medications were commonly dispensed to patients without influenza diagnoses and tests, suggesting that antiviral dispensings may offer useful supplemental data for monitoring influenza incidence.
Training Self‐Control: A Domain‐General Translational Neuroscience Approach
Authors: Berkman Elliot T. , Graham Alice M. , Fisher Philip A. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractSelf‐control plays an important role in healthy development and has been shown to be amenable to intervention. This article presents a theoretical framework for the emerging area of “brain‐training” interventions that includes both laboratory‐based direct training methods and ecologically valid school‐, family‐, and community‐based interventions. Although these approaches have proliferated in recent years, evidence supporting them is just beginning to emerge, and conceptual models underlying many of the techniques they employ tend to be underspecified and imprecise. Identifying the neural systems responsible for improvements in self‐control may be of tremendous benefit not only for overall intervention efficacy but also for basic science issues related to underlying shared biological mechanisms of psychopathology. This article reviews the neurodevelopment of self‐control and explores its implications for theory, intervention, and prevention. It then presents a neurally informed framework for understanding self‐control development and change and discusses how this framework may inform future intervention strategies for individuals suffering with psychopathology or drug abuse/dependence, or for young children with delays in cognitive or emotional functioning.
Intraspecific variability in the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma chilonis: can we predict the outcome of hybridization?
Authors: Benvenuto Chiara , Tabone Elisabeth , Vercken Elodie , Sorbier Nathalie , Colombel Etty , Warot Sylvie , Fauvergue Xavier , Ris Nicolas 
Published: June 2012

AbstractIn the framework of biological control, the selection of effective natural enemies determines the final pest control. Thus, the genetic improvement of biocontrol agents could enhance the efficiency of biocontrol programs. Although promising, this approach has rarely been applied in this field. At the intraspecific level, hybridization between divergent populations of biocontrol agents is expected to promote hybrid vigor (heterosis), but it is not clear to what extent. An even more difficult task is the ability to predict the fitness of hybrids from the biological characteristics of their parents. We investigated these general questions by crossing seven populations of the parasitoid wasp
Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Our results show different levels of mating compatibilities among populations, including asymmetric or almost complete reproductive isolation. Hybrids' performance (fitness of the F
1 generation) ranges from inbreeding depression to heterosis. It was possible, to some extent, to predict hybrid fitness from pairwise genetic and phenotypic distances among parents, in accordance with the ‘dominance’ hypothesis. This may provide general guidelines for the genetic improvement of biological control agents.
Effect of salinity on egg hatching, yolk sac absorption and larval rearing of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858)
Authors: Salas Leitón Emilio A. , Rodriguez‐Rúa Ana , Asensio Esther , Infante Carlos , Manchado Manuel , Fernández‐Díaz Catalina , Cañavate José P. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractAssays carried out under laboratory‐controlled conditions revealed that eggs of Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis Kaup 1858, incubated at 10, 18, 27 and 33 grams per litre (g L−1) reached their maximum hatching rates (above 80%) 48 h after incubation. In contrast, hatching was significantly delayed (24 h) and completely failed when the salinity was set at 5 and 0 g L−1, respectively. Newly hatched and early‐developing yolk sac larvae presented similar survival rates 3 days after hatching (DAH) when exposed to salinities of 10, 18, 27 and 33 g L−1. Larvae incubated at 5 g L−1 salinity died a few hours after hatching once they were released from their respective chorions. The notochord length was unmodified by salinity 5 DAH. Nevertheless, an overall lower myotomal height and a putative delay in the depletion of yolk sac were found in larvae reared at 10 g L−1. This anomaly in overall larval development became more pronounced with the occurrence (100% of analysed larvae) of mouth deformities and a lack of functionality under 10 g L−1 salinity. Transferring 2 DAH larvae from 33 g L−1 (exhibiting normal mouth development) to a medium with a salinity of 10 g L−1 had no effect on first feeding, weight and metamorphic index. Overall our results indicate the existence of a key time window (0–2 DAH) in which a salinity value higher than 10 g L−1 is required to achieve adequate mouth development and further functionality of larvae. The present work represents a valuable contribution to the sole industry, opening new possibilities in hatchery management practices.
Extended mutation spectrum of Usher syndrome in Finland
Authors: Västinsalo Hanna , Jalkanen Reetta , Bergmann Carsten , Neuhaus Christine , Kleemola Leenamaija , Jauhola Liisa , Bolz Hanno Jörn , Sankila Eeva‐Marja 
Published: June 2012

Abstract.Purpose:  The Finnish distribution of clinical Usher syndrome (USH) types is 40% USH3, 34% USH1 and 12% USH2. All patients with USH3 carry the founder mutation in clarin 1 (CLRN1), whereas we recently reported three novel myosin VIIA (MYO7A) mutations in two unrelated patients with USH1. This study was carried out to further investigate the USH mutation spectrum in Finnish patients.Methods:  We analysed samples from nine unrelated USH patients/families without known mutations and two USH3 families with atypically severe phenotype. The Asper Ophthalmics USH mutation chip was used to screen for known mutations and to evaluate the chip in molecular diagnostics of Finnish patients.Results:  The chip revealed a heterozygous usherin (USH2A) mutation, p.N346H, in one patient. Sequencing of MYO7A and/or USH2A in three index patients revealed two novel heterozygous mutations, p.R873W in MYO7A and c.14343+2T>C in USH2A. We did not identify definite pathogenic second mutations in the patients, but identified several probably nonpathogenic variations that may modify the disease phenotype. Possible digenism could not be excluded in two families segregating genomic variations in both MYO7A and USH2A, and two families with CLRN1 and USH2A.Conclusion:  We conclude that there is considerable genetic heterogeneity of USH1 and USH2 in Finland, making molecular diagnostics and genetic counselling of patients and families challenging.
Comparison of retinal vasodilator and constrictor responses in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Lott Mary E. J. , Slocomb Julia E. , Shivkumar Vikram , Smith Bruce , Gabbay Robert A. , Quillen David , Gardner Thomas W. , Bettermann Kerstin 
Published: June 2012

Abstract.Purpose:  The retinal blood vessels provide a unique way to directly examine the human microvasculature, which is frequently damaged in individuals with diabetes. Previous studies have demonstrated that retinal flickering light‐induced vasodilation and hyperoxia‐induced vasoconstriction may operate by enhancing or reducing similar vasoregulatory factor(s), but a comparison between these two provocative stimuli in individuals with diabetes has not been studied. The purpose of the study was to examine the association between retinal flickering light‐induced vasodilation and retinal hyperoxia‐induced vasoconstriction in type 2 diabetic subjects and in healthy controls.Methods:  Twenty men and women with type 2 diabetes and 10 men and women without diabetes between 21 and 75 years of age were recruited. Changes in retinal artery and vein diameters to flickering light and during hyperoxia (100% oxygen) stimuli were measured on the same visit using a noninvasive retinal imaging device (Dynamic Vessel Analyzer, Imedos Inc., Germany).Results:  Compared with controls, diabetic subjects had impaired arterial vasodilator and vasoconstrictor responses to both flickering light and hyperoxia, respectively (both p < 0.001). Merging both groups, an inverse correlation (r = −0.56; p = 0.003) between the retinal artery’s responses to flickering light‐induced vasodilation and hyperoxia‐induced vasoconstriction was demonstrated independent of glucose or insulin levels.Conclusion:  This suggests that both responses are attenuated to a similar degree in diabetic subjects and that the attenuation to both stimuli can be observed in retinal arteries and veins. This would suggest that similar vasoregulatory factor(s) might in part help to explain the retinal diameter responses between the two stimuli. One suggested common vasoregulator of vascular tone is nitric oxide; however, other factor(s) may be involved, which contribute to this association and require further research.