bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient’s Experience Receiving Ultrasonography-Guided Injections by an Advanced Physical Therapy Practitioner: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Millward Luke , Godbold Rosemary , Myers Chris , Baker David 
Published: June 2024

Objective: Musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions pose significant challenges for both patients and healthcare providers. Diagnostic Medical Sonography (DMS) is a cost-effective, user-friendly, and real-time diagnostic tool capable of accurately assessing soft tissue pathology. Additionally, ultrasonography-guided injections (USGI) are recognized as a treatment that may offer precise, safe, and effective pain relief. The aim of this study was to explore patient experiences receiving a USGI given by an advanced physical therapy practitioner (APP). Materials and Methods: A sample of seven participants who received a USGI, given by an APP, were recruited from a private healthcare setting. In-depth, face-to-face and semistructured interviews were conducted with the participants. The data was transcribed verbatim and analyzed using an inductive qualitative content analysis (QCA) approach. Results: The data analysis identified three main categories and nine corresponding subcategories. These participants favored USGI for its precision, effectiveness, and reduced reliance on oral pain medication. Most of the participants perceived USGI as safe, as well as unguided injections. In this cohort, DMS had several added benefits, such as precise diagnostics, valuable insights into disease progression, enhanced patient confidence, and improved injection success rates. The patient-clinician relationship played a pivotal role, with the ability to choose a clinician and clear outcome discussions being crucial to these participants. Conclusion: This qualitative study revealed essential factors that may play a part in the USGI process. This work would suggest USGI, as the preferred choice for rapid pain relief, for this participant group. However, maintaining high patient satisfaction hinges on skilful management of patient expectations by a communicative clinician. This deeper understanding of the perception of USGI highlights the important role of the clinician performing USGI and offers suggestions for an improved patient experience.
Occurrence of new or more severe headaches following COVID-19 is associated with markers of microglial activation and peripheral sensitization: results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ruhnau Johanna , Blücher Max , Bahlmann Susanne , Zieme Almut , Vogelgesang Antje , Steinmetz Anke , Fleischmann Robert 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
New onset or worsening of a headache disorder substantially contributes to the disease burden of post-COVID-19. Its management poses a suitable means to enhance patients’ participation in professional, social, and personal activities. Unfortunately, the pathophysiology of post-COVID-19 headaches is poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the role of (neuro-) inflammatory mechanisms in order to guide the development of anti-inflammatory treatment strategies.

Methods
We included patients from the interdisciplinary post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation Study (PoCoRe, n = 184 patients) run at a tertiary care university hospital, comprising patients with PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection ≥ 6 weeks prior to their initial consultation. Patients reporting any headache since their infection were considered for this study (n = 93). These were interviewed and classified according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, Third Edition (ICHD-3) by headache specialists. Patient sera were additionally analysed for levels of VILIP-1, MCP-1 (CCL2), sTREM-2, BDNF, TGF-ß1, VEGF, IL-6, sTREM-1, ß-NGF, IL-18, TNF-alpha, sRAGE, and CX3CL1 (Fractalkine). Markers of inflammation were compared between four groups of patients (none, unchanged, worsened, or new headache disorder).

Results
Patients reported experiencing more severe headaches (n = 17), new onset headaches (n = 46), unchanged headaches (n = 18), and surprisingly, some patients denied having any headaches (n = 12) despite self-reports. Serum levels of CX3CL1 were increased in the worsened (2145 [811–4866] pg/ml) and new onset (1668 [0-7357] pg/ml) headache group as compared to patients with no (1129 [0-5379] pg/ml) or unchanged (1478 [346–4332] pg/ml) headaches. Other markers also differed between groups, but most significantly between patients with worsened (TGF-ß1: 60 [0-310] pg/ml, VEGF: 328 [86–842] pg/ml, ß-NGF: 6 [3–38] pg/ml) as compared to unchanged headaches (TGF-ß1: 29 [0–77] pg/ml, VEGF: 183 [72–380] pg/ml, ß-NGF: 3 [2–89] pg/ml). The results did not differ between headache phenotypes.

Discussion
This study provides evidence that worsened or new headaches following COVID-19 are associated with pro-(neuro-)inflammatory profiles. This supports the use of anti-inflammatory treatment options in this population, especially in the subacute phase.
Phenotypic screening of seed retention and histological analysis of the abscission zone in Festuca pratensis and Lolium perenne
Authors: Kavka Mareike , Balles Andreas , Böhm Christof , Dehmer Klaus J. , Fella Christian , Rose Felix , Saal Bernhard , Schulze Sabine , Willner Evelin , Melzer Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Seed retention is the basic prerequisite for seed harvest. However, only little breeding progress has been achieved for this trait in the major forage grasses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of plant genetic resources of the important fodder grasses Festuca pratensis Huds. and Lolium perenne L. as source for seed retention in the breeding process. Furthermore, the morphology of the abscission zone, where shattering occurs, was studied on the cell tissue level in different developmental stages of contrasting accessions.

Results
150 and 286 accessions of Festuca pratensis and Lolium perenne were screened for seed retention, respectively. Contrasting accessions were selected to be tested in a second year. We found a great variation in seed retention in Festuca pratensis and Lolium perenne, ranging from 13 to 71% (average: 35%) and 12 to 94% (average: 49%), respectively, in the first year. Seed retention was generally lower in the second year. Cultivars were within the accessions with highest seed retention in Festuca pratensis, but had lower seed retention than ecotypes in Lolium perenne. Field-shattered seeds had a lower thousand grain weight than retained seeds. Cell layers of the abscission zone appeared already in early seed stages and were nested within each other in accessions with high seed retention, while there were two to three superimposed layers in accessions with low seed retention.

Conclusions
Plant genetic resources of Lolium perenne might be a valuable source for breeding varieties with high seed retention. However, simultaneous selection for high seed weight is necessary for developing successful commercial cultivars.
A case of renal sarcoidosis complicated by parotid gland and uterine lesions
Authors: Kitamoto Shuhei , Kaneko Mai , Omata Kyosuke , Matsuyama Takashi , Yasuda Hideo , Furuya Ryuichi , Fukasawa Hirotaka 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease that can affect multiple organs. While pulmonary sarcoidosis is most commonly observed, renal sarcoidosis occurs less frequently. We herein report a case of sarcoidosis with an exceptionally rare distribution including renal lesions.

Case presentation
A 51-year-old Japanese female was referred because of bilateral parotid swelling and renal dysfunction. Computed tomography scan showed the swelling of bilateral kidneys, parotid glands, and uterus. Ga scintigraphy also showed remarkable accumulation in these organs. Renal biopsy and cytological evaluations of parotid gland and uterus were performed and she was diagnosed as sarcoidosis of these organs. Treatment was initiated with prednisolone 40 mg/day and then renal dysfunction subsequently improved. In addition, the swelling of parotid glands and uterus improved and Ga accumulation in each organ had disappeared.

Conclusion
This is a first case of renal sarcoidosis complicated by parotid glands and uterus lesions. Pathological findings and the reactivity observed in Ga scintigraphy indicated the presence of lesions in these organs.
A very complicated UTI: malakoplakia following E. coli urinary tract infection
Authors: Fatola Ayotola , Johnson Benjamin C. , Walsh Laura , Fang Diana , White Marissa J. , Le Dustin , Atta Mohamed G. , Sperati C. John , Hager David N. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMalakoplakia is a rare inflammatory disorder believed to result from a defect in macrophage phagocytic function triggering a granulomatous reaction. It can present with genitourinary, gastrointestinal, or cutaneous manifestations in immunocompromised or, less commonly, immunocompetent hosts. We describe a case of renal malakoplakia in a young, otherwise healthy patient presenting with nephromegaly and sepsis following an E. coli urinary tract infection. We discuss diagnosis and management, including antibiotic selection and the decision to pursue nephrectomy. This case highlights the potential for kidney recovery with prolonged antibiotic therapy in conjunction with adjunct immunomodulatory therapies and source control.
Oral pimonidazole unveils clinicopathologic and epigenetic features of hypoxic tumour aggressiveness in localized prostate cancer
Authors: Ci Xinpei , Chen Sujun , Zhu Rui , Zarif Mojgan , Jain Rahi , Guo Wangyuan , Ramotar Matthew , Gong Linsey , Xu Wenjie , Singh Olivia , Mansouri Sheila , Zadeh Gelareh , Wei Gong-Hong , Xu Wei , Bristow Robert , Berlin Alejandro , Koritzinsky Marianne , van der Kwast Theodorus , He Housheng Hansen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Tumor hypoxia is associated with prostate cancer (PCa) treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Pimonidazole (PIMO) is an investigational hypoxia probe used in clinical trials. A better understanding of the clinical significance and molecular alterations underpinning PIMO-labeled tumor hypoxia is needed for future clinical application. Here, we investigated the clinical significance and molecular alterations underpinning PIMO-labeled tumor hypoxia in patients with localized PCa, in order to apply PIMO as a prognostic tool and to identify potential biomarkers for future clinical translation.

Methods
A total of 39 patients with localized PCa were recruited and administered oral PIMO before undergoing radical prostatectomy (RadP). Immunohistochemical staining for PIMO was performed on 37 prostatectomy specimens with staining patterns evaluated and clinical association analyzed. Whole genome bisulfite sequencing was performed using laser-capture of microdissected specimen sections comparing PIMO positive and negative tumor areas. A hypoxia related methylation molecular signature was generated by integrating the differentially methylated regions with previously established RNA-seq datasets.

Results
Three PIMO staining patterns were distinguished: diffuse, focal, and comedo-like. The comedo-like staining pattern was more commonly associated with adverse pathology. PIMO-defined hypoxia intensity was positively correlated with advanced pathologic stage, tumor invasion, and cribriform and intraductal carcinoma morphology. The generated DNA methylation signature was found to be a robust hypoxia biomarker, which could risk-stratify PCa patients across multiple clinical datasets, as well as be applicable in other cancer types.

Conclusions
Oral PIMO unveiled clinicopathologic features of disease aggressiveness in localized PCa. The generated DNA methylation signature is a novel and robust hypoxia biomarker that has the potential for future clinical translation.
Prevalence and predictors of school truancy among adolescents in Sierra Leone: evidence from the 2017 Global School-based Health Survey
Authors: Osborne Augustus , Labor Carol , Bangura Camilla , Kangbai Jia B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
School truancy, deliberately skipping school without permission, is a complex issue with far-reaching consequences for individual students, education systems, and entire communities. While this phenomenon is not unique to Sierra Leone, the specific context of the post-conflict nation raises concerns about its potential impact on the country’s fragile rebuilding process. This study examines the prevalence and predictors of school truancy among adolescents in Sierra Leone.

Methods
The study analysed the cross-sectional 2017 Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) data in Sierra Leone, a nationally representative survey conducted among adolescents aged 10–19 years using a multistage sampling methodology. A weighted sample of 2,769 adolescents in Sierra Leone was included in the study. A multivariable binary regression analysis was used to examine the predictors of school truancy among adolescents. The regression results were presented using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
The prevalence of school truancy was 35% among adolescents in Sierra Leone. Adolescents who use alcohol (AOR = 2.28, 95% CI = 1.45, 3.58) and who have ever had sexual intercourse (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.10, 2.53) had higher odds of being associated with school truancy. Adolescents who planned suicide (AOR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.36, 0.93) and whose parents did not intrude on their privacy (AOR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.45, 0.97) had lower odds of being associated with school truancy.

Conclusion
School truancy is a critical issue in Sierra Leone, demanding multi-pronged interventions at policy and practice levels. Addressing underlying causes like alcohol use, sexual behaviour, planned suicide, and parent’s intrusion of privacy is crucial. Key strategies include fostering positive school environments, providing mental health support, and improving parent-child communication.
U-shaped relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cognitive impairment in Chinese middle-aged and elderly: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Lei , Zhuang Lingdan , Xu Zichen , Jiang Luqing , Zhai Ying , Liu Daoqin , Wu Qiwen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The relationship between blood lipids and cognitive function has long been a subject of interest, and the association between serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) levels and cognitive impairment remains contentious.

Methods
We utilized data from the 2011 CHARLS national baseline survey, which after screening, included a final sample of 10,982 participants. Cognitive function was assessed using tests of episodic memory and cognitive intactness. We used multiple logistic regression models to estimate the relationship between non-HDL-C and cognitive impairment. Subsequently, utilizing regression analysis results from fully adjusted models, we explored the nonlinear relationship between non-HDL-C as well as cognitive impairment using smooth curve fitting and sought potential inflection points through saturation threshold effect analysis.

Results
The results showed that each unit increase in non-HDL-C levels was associated with a 5.5% reduction in the odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 0.945, 95% CI: 0.897–0.996; p < 0.05). When non-HDL-C was used as a categorical variable, the results showed that or each unit increase in non-HDL-C levels, the odds of cognitive impairment were reduced by 14.2%, 20.9%, and 24% in the Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups, respectively, compared with Q1. In addition, in the fully adjusted model, analysis of the potential nonlinear relationship by smoothed curve fitting and saturation threshold effects revealed a U-shaped relationship between non-HDL-C and the risk of cognitive impairment, with an inflection point of 4.83. Before the inflection point, each unit increase in non-HDL-C levels was associated with a 12.3% decrease in the odds of cognitive impairment. After the tipping point, each unit increase in non-HDL-C levels was associated with an 18.8% increase in the odds of cognitive impairment (All p < 0.05).

Conclusion
There exists a U-shaped relationship between non-HDL-C and the risk of cognitive impairment in Chinese middle-aged and elderly individuals, with statistical significance on both sides of the turning points. This suggests that both lower and higher levels of serum non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increase the risk of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and elderly individuals.
A combined immune and inflammatory indicator predict the prognosis of severe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia patients: a 12-year, retrospective, observational cohort
Authors: Wang Dong , Guan Lujia , Li Xuyan , Tong Zhaohui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPersistent inflammatory damage and suppressed immune function play a crucial role in the pathogenesis and progression of the pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PjP). Therefore, we aimed to investigate the correlation between the combined immune and inflammatory indicator: the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and prognosis of non-human immunodeficiency virus (non-HIV) PjP.In the retrospective analysis conducted in ICUs at Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, we examined data from 157 patients diagnosed with non-HIV PjP. Our findings reveal a concerning hospital mortality rate of 43.3%, with the 28-day mortality rate reaching 47.8%.Through multivariable logistic and Cox regression analyses, we established a significant association between elevated NLR levels and hospital mortality (adjusted odd ratio, 1.025; 95% CI, 1.008-1.043; p = 0.004) or 28-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.026; 95% CI, 1.008-1.045; p = 0.005). Specifically, patients with an NLR exceeding 20.3 demonstrated markedly lower overall survival rates, underscoring the biomarker's predictive value for both hospital and 28-day mortality.In conclusion, non-HIV PjP patients in the ICU still have a high rate of mortality and a poor short-term prognosis after discharge. A high level of NLR was associated with an increased risk of hospital mortality and 28-day mortality.
The necessity of suction drainage when intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid is used during primary total knee arthroplasty: a retrospective study
Authors: Metoki Yukie , Iwase Dai , Kusumoto Yasuaki , Aikawa Jun , Mukai Manabu , Fukushima Kensuke , Inoue Gen , Takaso Masashi 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Suction drainages are commonly used after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures; however, their use is somewhat controversial. Recently, some reports have claimed that the administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) may prevent postoperative bleeding following TKAs. Although numerous studies have reported regarding different dosages, timings of administration, or drain clamping times for intravenous and intra-articular TXA injections (IA-TXAs), few have examined whether suction drainage is necessary when TXA is administered. In this study, we compared using suction drainage without TXA administration and IA-TXA without suction drainage and aimed to examine the need for suction drainage during IA-TXA.

Methods
This retrospective study was conducted on 217 patients who had received TKA for osteoarthritis; 104 were placed on suction drainage after TKA without TXA (Group A), whereas the remaining 113 received IA-TXA immediately after surgery without suction drainage (Group B). Our clinical evaluation included assessments of the need for transfusion, presence of postoperative complications, incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and changes in hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), and D-dimer levels.

Results
No significant differences were observed in terms of postoperative complications and preoperative Hb, Hct, or D-dimer levels between the two groups. Although the prevalence of DVT was significantly higher in Group B (p < 0.05), all cases were asymptomatic. Hb and Hct levels were significantly lower in Group A than in Group B at 1, 3, 7, and 14 days postoperatively (p < 0.05), although none of the cases required blood transfusions. D-dimer levels were significantly higher in Group A than in Group B at 1 and 3 days postoperatively (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Suction drainage might not be necessary when IA-TXA is administered after TKA procedures.
Central obesity may affect bone development in adolescents: association between abdominal obesity index ABSI and adolescent bone mineral density
Authors: Lin Rubing , Tao Yuao , Li Chuang , Li Feifei , Li Zijian , Hong Xingyu , Liu Yantong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Previous studies have suggested that obesity defined by body mass index(BMI) is a protective factor for bone mineral density(BMD), but have overlooked the potential influence of different types of obesity. This study aims to evaluate the correlation between abdominal obesity index A Body Shape Index(ABSI) and adolescent bone density, and analyze the relationship between abdominal obesity and bone metabolism.

Methods
A total of 1557 adolescent participants were included in NHANES from 2007 to 2018. Calculate the ABSI using a specific formula that takes into account waist circumference and BMI. A weighted multiple linear regression model is used to evaluate the linear correlation between ABSI and BMD. Forest plots are used to analyze the correlations between subgroups, and cubic splines are limited to evaluate the nonlinear correlations and saturation effects between ABSI and BMD.

Results
After adjusting for confounding factors, there was a significant linear correlation (P < 0.01) between ABSI and femoral BMD, both as a continuous variable and an ordered categorical variable. The restrictive cubic spline curve indicates a significant nonlinear correlation and saturation effect between adolescent ABSI and BMD.

Conclusion
Research has shown a significant negative correlation between ABSI and BMD at the four detection sites of the femur, and this correlation may vary slightly due to age, race, family income, and different detection sites. The research results indicate that compared to overall body weight, fat distribution and content may be more closely related to bone metabolism.