bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of an attachment‐focused manualized intervention for parents of teens at risk for aggressive behaviour: The Connect Program
Authors: Moretti Marlene M. , Obsuth Ingrid 
Published: September 2009

ABSTRACTAggressive, violent and antisocial behaviour in children and adolescents is a growing concern across the globe. Targeting parent‐teen relationships is critical in reducing problem behaviour. ‘Connect’ is a manualized ten‐week program for parents or alternative caregivers of at‐risk teens that focuses on the building blocks of secure attachment: parental sensitivity, cooperation, reflective capacity, and effective dyadic affect regulation. Through didactic and experiential activities, parents develop the competence necessary to identify, understand and respond to the needs of their teen in a manner that provides structure and safety while safeguarding the quality of the parent‐teen relationship. In Study 1, twenty parents reported significant increases in perceived parenting satisfaction and efficacy and reductions in adolescents' aggression, antisocial behaviour and other mental health problems following completion of Connect as compared to a waitlist control period. These effects were sustained and additional small effects were noted in decreases in conduct problems, depression and anxiety at a 12‐month follow‐up. The program was then transported to 17 communities serving 309 parents through standardized training and supervision of group leaders. Study 2 summarizes significant pre‐ to post‐treatment reductions in teen externalizing and internalizing problems; enhanced social functioning; and improvements in affect regulation. Parents also reported significant increases in parenting satisfaction and perceived efficacy and reductions in caregiver burden.
Changes in the expression of insulin‐like growth factor 1 variants in the postnatal brain development and in neonatal hypoxia–ischaemia
Authors: Beręsewicz Małgorzata , Majewska Monika , Makarewicz Dorota , Vayro Steven , Zabłocka Barbara , Górecki Dariusz C. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractInsulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) is a multifunctional peptide of which numerous isoforms exist. The predominant form, IGF‐1Ea is involved in physiological processes while IGF‐1Ec (mechano‐growth factor, MGF) is expressed in response to a different set of stimuli. We have identified specific changes in the expression patterns of these IGF‐1 variants in brain development in normal rats and following neonatal hypoxia–ischaemia (HI). Both IGF‐1Ea and IGF‐1Ec are expressed during normal postnatal brain development, albeit with highly specific temporal distributions. In contrast, HI produced increased and prolonged expression of the IGF‐1Ec isoform only. Importantly, hypoxia alone stimulated the expression of IGF‐1Ec as well. Thus, IGF‐1Ec may play a role in HI pathology. Neonatal hypoxia–ischaemia occurs in approximately 1:4000–1:10,000 newborns and causes neurological deficits in ∼75% of those affected. Unfortunately, no specific treatment is available. IGF‐1 is known to have neuroprotective activity and its IGF‐1Ec variant appears to be an endogenous protective factor in hypoxia–ischaemia. Therefore, IGF‐1Ec could potentially be developed into a therapeutic modality for the attenuation or prevention of neuronal damage in this and related disorders.
Anatomical variations of the spinal accessory nerve and its relevance to level IIb lymph nodes
Authors: Lee Sang Hyuk , Lee Jong Kyu , Jin Sung Min , Kim Jin Hwan , Park Il Seok , Chu Hyung Ro , Ahn Hwoe Young , Rho Young Soo 
Published: September 2009

ObjectiveThis study was conducted to identify anatomical variations of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) in the upper neck, the landmark of the anterior and inferior border of level IIb, and to evaluate the nerve's effect on the border and the number of lymph nodes (LNs) in level IIb.Study Design and SettingCase series with planned data collection.Subjects and MethodsA total of 181 neck dissections (NDs) were prospectively enrolled in this study. The relation between the SAN and adjacent structures (internal jugular vein [IJV], sternocleidomastoid muscle [SCM], cervical plexus) and the number of LNs in level IIb was investigated.ResultsThe SAN crossed the IJV ventrally in 72 cases (39.8%) and dorsally in 104 cases (57.4%), and passed through the IJV in five cases (2.8%). The SAN ran along the inner surface of the SCM and sent branches to the SCM without penetration of the muscle in 83 cases (45.9%), whereas in 98 cases (54.1%) the nerve sent branches to the SCM by penetration. Cervical plexus contribution to the SAN was seen from C2 in 96 cases (53.1%), C2 and C3 in 69 cases (38.1%), and C3 in 16 cases (8.8%). The mean number of LNs of level IIa and level IIb was 6.5 and 8.2 in cases in which the SAN crossed the IJV ventrally, and 6.8 and 5.4 in dorsally crossing cases. LNs included in the neck level IIb in ventrally crossing SAN cases were significantly larger than the dorsally crossing cases (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur results may help to minimize the incidence of injuring the SAN in the upper neck during ND. Neck level IIb would contain more LNs if the course of the nerve leans toward the ventral side.
Deliberating across differences: Planning futures in cross-cultural spaces
Authors: Zapata Marisa A 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPower imbalances and cultural differences between community members can raise challenges for deliberative democrats who want to design equal and open dialogic processes. This article examines how one organization accounted for power and responded to cultural difference in its design of a deliberative planning process. My research indicates that a deliberative planning process can address power imbalances and cultural differences through several techniques. The hand-selection and strategic recruitment of participants ensures broad community representation within the process. The incorporation of storytelling, an emphasis on emphatic listening and the creation of a safe deliberative space, helps mitigate inequality and foster reciprocity. Power imbalances between participants can also be downplayed by focusing deliberations on broader planning and policy frameworks, as opposed to highly specified policy decisions. These techniques may best be implemented by focusing on dialogue instead of deliberation. Finally, this article reveals the importance of considering cultural difference, beyond its relation to power imbalance, to develop cross-cultural deliberative processes.
Climate change, patch choice, and intensification at Pont d'Ambon (Dordogne, France) during the Younger Dryas
Authors: Jones Emily Lena 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis paper considers the impact of the Younger Dryas on the prehistoric inhabitants of Pont d'Ambon, a site in the Dordogne region of southwestern France, through an examination of the zooarchaeological remains from this site. An investigation of patch choice indicates that patch choice evenness declines during the Younger Dryas due to increasing local dominance of the grassland patch. Analyses of demographic composition, cutmark frequency, and marrow processing in the wild European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) assemblage suggest intensified rabbit use during this period. This study thus supports the hypothesis that changing climate had significant impacts on the prehistoric inhabitants of Pont d'Ambon. However, the traditional climate hypothesis—that changing climate negatively impacted the availability of larger fauna, forcing a switch to smaller, lower-ranked prey items—is not supported here. The inhabitants of Pont d'Ambon seem to have adapted to changing climate by efficiently exploiting the new species available to them, and possibly, during the Younger Dryas, by intensifying their use of one of these new species, the European rabbit.
The convergence of Euler products over p-adic number fields
Authors: Delbourgo Daniel 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe define a topological space over the p-adic numbers, in which Euler products and Dirichlet series converge. We then show how the classical Riemann zeta function has a (p-adic) Euler product structure at the negative integers. Finally, as a corollary of these results, we derive a new formula for the non-Archimedean Euler–Mascheroni constant.
Three non-trivial solutions for not necessarily coercive p-Laplacian equations
Authors: Hu Shouchuan , Papageorgiou Nikolas S. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe consider the existence of three non-trivial smooth solutions for nonlinear elliptic problems driven by the p-Laplacian. Using variational arguments, coupled with the method of upper and lower solutions, critical groups and suitable truncation techniques, we produce three non-trivial smooth solutions, two of which have constant sign. The hypotheses incorporate both coercive and non-coercive problems in our framework of analysis.
Développement d’un programme d’éducation au loisir adapté comme moyen de soutien à l’implication d’aidants d’un proche atteint de démence,
Authors: Carbonneau Hélène , Caron Chantal D. , Desrosiers Johanne 
Published: September 2009

ABSTRACTLeisure represents a positive way to keep relationships satisfactory between caregivers and a person with dementia. Adapted leisure education is a promising approach to assist the family to discover new ways to share good times with their relatives. This study aimed to develop an adapted leisure education program. It included an evaluation of the caregivers’ needs, the program content development, and a pilot study to experiment with the content of the program. Three focus groups of dementia caregivers (n = 19) were conducted to investigate caregivers needs. Based on content analysis of these focus groups and a literature review, the content of the program was developed. The pilot study (n = 4) included a quasi-experimental trial and an implementation evaluation. This study led to the development of an adapted leisure education program that puts caregiver support in a new perspective, focusing on positive aspects rather than the burden of caregiving.
A Method to Obtain a Maxwell–Boltzmann Neutron Spectrum at kT = 30 keV for Nuclear Astrophysics Studies
Authors: Praena J. , Mastinu P. F. , Hernández G. Martín 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA method to shape the neutron energy spectrum at low-energy accelerators is proposed by modification of the initial proton energy distribution. A first application to the superconductive RFQ of the SPES project at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro is investigated for the production of a Maxwell–Boltzmann neutron spectrum at kT = 30 keV via the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction. Concept, solutions and calculations for a setup consisting of a proton energy shaper and a lithium target are presented. It is found that a power dentisity of 3 kW cm−2 could be sustained by the lithium target and a forward-directed neutron flux higher than 1010 s−1 at the sample position could be obtained. In the framework of the SPES project the construction of a LEgnaro NeutrOn Source (LENOS) for Astrophysics and for validation of integral nuclear data is proposed, suited for activation studies on stable and unstable isotopes.
Extra-Mixing in Luminous Cool Red Giants: Hints from Evolved Stars With and Without Li
Authors: Guandalini R. , Palmerini S. , Busso M. , Uttenthaler S. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractWe present an analysis of Li abundances in low mass stars (LMS) during the Red Giant Branch (RGB) and Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stages, based on a new determination of their luminosities and evolutionary status. By applying recently suggested models for extra-mixing, induced by magnetic buoyancy, we show that both Li-rich and Li-poor stars can be accounted for. The simplest scenario implies the development of fast instabilities on the RGB, where Li is produced. When the fields increase in strength, buoyancy slows down and Li is destroyed. 3He is consumed, at variable rates. The process continues on the AGB, where however moderate mass circulation rates have little effect on Li due to the short time available. O-rich and C-rich stars show different histories of Li production/destruction, possibly indicative of different masses. More complex transport schemes are allowed by magnetic buoyancy, with larger effects on Li, but most normal LMS seem to show only the range of Li variation discussed here.
Understanding hydrogen-bond patterns in proteins using network motifs
Authors: Rahat Ofer , Alon Uri , Levy Yaakov , Schreiber Gideon 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Summary: Protein structures can be viewed as networks of contacts (edges) between amino-acid residues (nodes). Here we dissect proteins into sub-graphs consisting of six nodes and their corresponding edges, with an edge being either a backbone hydrogen bond (H-bond) or a covalent interaction. Six thousand three hundred and twenty-two such sub-graphs were found in a large non-redundant dataset of high-resolution structures, from which 35 occur much more frequently than in a random model. Many of these significant sub-graphs (also called network motifs) correspond to sub-structures of α helices and β-sheets, as expected. However, others correspond to more exotic sub-structures such as 310 helix, Schellman motif and motifs that were not defined previously. This topological characterization of patterns is very useful for producing a detailed differences map to compare protein structures. Here we analyzed in details the differences between NMR, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and X-ray structures for Lysozyme, SH3 and the lambda repressor. In these cases, the same structures solved by NMR and simulated by MD showed small but consistent differences in their motif composition from the crystal structures, despite a very small root mean square deviation (RMSD) between them. This may be due to differences in the pair-wise energy functions used and the dynamic nature of these proteins.
Availability: A web-based tool to calculate network motifs is available at http://bioinfo.weizmann.ac.il/protmot/.
Contact: gideon.schreiber@weizmann.ac.il; koby.levy@weizmann.ac.il
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Bayesian detection of non-sinusoidal periodic patterns in circadian expression data
Authors: Chudova Darya , Ihler Alexander , Lin Kevin K. , Andersen Bogi , Smyth Padhraic 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Motivation: Cyclical biological processes such as cell division and circadian regulation produce coordinated periodic expression of thousands of genes. Identification of such genes and their expression patterns is a crucial step in discovering underlying regulatory mechanisms. Existing computational methods are biased toward discovering genes that follow sine-wave patterns.
Results: We present an analysis of variance (ANOVA) periodicity detector and its Bayesian extension that can be used to discover periodic transcripts of arbitrary shapes from replicated gene expression profiles. The models are applicable when the profiles are collected at comparable time points for at least two cycles. We provide an empirical Bayes procedure for estimating parameters of the prior distributions and derive closed-form expressions for the posterior probability of periodicity, enabling efficient computation. The model is applied to two datasets profiling circadian regulation in murine liver and skeletal muscle, revealing a substantial number of previously undetected non-sinusoidal periodic transcripts in each. We also apply quantitative real-time PCR to several highly ranked non-sinusoidal transcripts in liver tissue found by the model, providing independent evidence of circadian regulation of these genes.
Availability: Matlab software for estimating prior distributions and performing inference is available for download from http://www.datalab.uci.edu/resources/periodicity/.
Contact: dchudova@gmail.com
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Client-side integration of life science literature resources
Authors: Easty Richard , Nikolov Nikolay 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Motivation: The online resources in the life sciences are characterized by a great fragmentation and one of the pressing issues of bioinformatics is making the integration of these resources a smoother and more flexible process than it is currently. Here we present i-cite, a browser extension, which implements a client-side model of integration which improves the navigation within the rapidly increasing life science literature and links terms from it to corresponding non-textual data.
Availability: http://i-cite.org.
Contact: nan23@cam.ac.uk
Metabolite Sorting of a Germplasm Collection Reveals the Hydroxylase3 Locus as a New Target for Maize Provitamin A Biofortification
Authors: Vallabhaneni Ratnakar , Gallagher Cynthia E. , Licciardello Nicholas , Cuttriss Abby J. , Quinlan Rena F. , Wurtzel Eleanore T. 
Published: September 2009

Abstract
Vitamin A deficiency, a global health burden, can be alleviated through provitamin A carotenoid biofortification of major crop staples such as maize (Zea mays) and other grasses in the Poaceae. If regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis was better understood, enhancement could be controlled by limiting β-carotene hydroxylation to compounds with lower or no nonprovitamin A activity. Natural maize genetic diversity enabled identification of hydroxylation genes associated with reduced endosperm provitamin A content. A novel approach was used to capture the genetic and biochemical diversity of a large germplasm collection, representing 80% of maize genetic diversity, without having to sample the entire collection. Metabolite data sorting was applied to select a 10-line genetically diverse subset representing biochemical extremes for maize kernel carotenoids. Transcript profiling led to discovery of the Hydroxylase3 locus that coincidently mapped to a carotene quantitative trait locus, thereby prompting investigation of allelic variation in a broader collection. Three natural alleles in 51 maize lines explained 78% of variation and approximately 11-fold difference in β-carotene relative to β-cryptoxanthin and 36% of the variation and 4-fold difference in absolute levels of β-carotene. A simple PCR assay to track and identify Hydroxylase3 alleles will be valuable for predicting nutritional content in genetically diverse cultivars found worldwide.
The Variegated Mutants Lacking Chloroplastic FtsHs Are Defective in D1 Degradation and Accumulate Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Kato Yusuke , Miura Eiko , Ido Kunio , Ifuku Kentaro , Sakamoto Wataru 
Published: September 2009

AbstractIn the photosynthetic apparatus, a major target of photodamage is the D1 reaction center protein of photosystem II (PSII). Photosynthetic organisms have developed a PSII repair cycle in which photodamaged D1 is selectively degraded. A thylakoid membrane-bound metalloprotease, FtsH, was shown to play a critical role in this process. Here, the effect of FtsHs in D1 degradation was investigated in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants lacking FtsH2 (yellow variegated2 [var2]) or FtsH5 (var1). Because these mutants are characterized by variegated leaves that sometimes complicate biochemical studies, we employed another mutation, fu-gaeri1 (fug1), that suppresses leaf variegation in var1 and var2 to examine D1 degradation. Two-dimensional blue native PAGE showed that var2 has less PSII supercomplex and more PSII intermediate lacking CP43, termed RC47, than the wild type under normal growth light. Moreover, our histochemical and quantitative analyses revealed that chloroplasts in var2 accumulate significant levels of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide. These results indicate that the lack of FtsH2 leads to impaired D1 degradation at the step of RC47 formation in PSII repair and to photooxidative stress even under nonphotoinhibitory conditions. Our in vivo D1 degradation assays, carried out by nonvariegated var2 fug1 and var1 fug1 leaves, demonstrated that D1 degradation was impaired in different light conditions. Taken together, our results suggest the important role of chloroplastic FtsHs, which was not precisely examined in vivo. Attenuated D1 degradation in the nonvariegated mutants also suggests that leaf variegation seems to be independent of the PSII repair.
Genome-WideMedicago truncatulaSmall RNA Analysis Revealed Novel MicroRNAs and Isoforms Differentially Regulated in Roots and Nodules
Authors: Lelandais-Brière Christine , Naya Loreto , Sallet Erika , Calenge Fanny , Frugier Florian , Hartmann Caroline , Gouzy Jérome , Crespi Martin 
Published: September 2009

AbstractPosttranscriptional regulation of a variety of mRNAs by small 21- to 24-nucleotide RNAs, notably the microRNAs (miRNAs), is emerging as a novel developmental mechanism. In legumes like the model Medicago truncatula, roots are able to develop a de novo meristem through the symbiotic interaction with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia. We used deep sequencing of small RNAs from root apexes and nodules of M. truncatula to identify 100 novel candidate miRNAs encoded by 265 hairpin precursors. New atypical precursor classes producing only specific 21- and 24-nucleotide small RNAs were found. Statistical analysis on sequencing reads abundance revealed specific miRNA isoforms in a same family showing contrasting expression patterns between nodules and root apexes. The differentially expressed conserved and nonconserved miRNAs may target a large variety of mRNAs. In root nodules, which show diverse cell types ranging from a persistent meristem to a fully differentiated central region, we discovered miRNAs spatially enriched in nodule meristematic tissues, vascular bundles, and bacterial infection zones using in situ hybridization. Spatial regulation of miRNAs may determine specialization of regulatory RNA networks in plant differentiation processes, such as root nodule formation.
The Rice α-Amylase Glycoprotein Is Targeted from the Golgi Apparatus through the Secretory Pathway to the Plastids
Authors: Kitajima Aya , Asatsuma Satoru , Okada Hisao , Hamada Yuki , Kaneko Kentaro , Nanjo Yohei , Kawagoe Yasushi , Toyooka Kiminori , Matsuoka Ken , Takeuchi Masaki , Nakano Akihiko , Mitsui Toshiaki 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe well-characterized secretory glycoprotein, rice (Oryza sativa) α-amylase isoform I-1 (AmyI-1), was localized within the plastids and proved to be involved in the degradation of starch granules in the organelles of rice cells. In addition, a large portion of transiently expressed AmyI-1 fused to green fluorescent protein (AmyI-1-GFP) colocalized with a simultaneously expressed fluorescent plastid marker in onion (Allium cepa) epidermal cells. The plastid targeting of AmyI-1 was inhibited by both dominant-negative and constitutively active mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana ARF1 and Arabidopsis SAR1, which arrest endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi traffic. In cells expressing fluorescent trans-Golgi and plastid markers, these fluorescent markers frequently colocalized when coexpressed with AmyI-1. Three-dimensional time-lapse imaging and electron microscopy of high-pressure frozen/freeze-substituted cells demonstrated that contact of the Golgi-derived membrane vesicles with cargo and subsequent absorption into plastids occur within the cells. The transient expression of a series of C-terminal-truncated AmyI-1-GFP fusion proteins in the onion cell system showed that the region from Trp-301 to Gln-369 is necessary for plastid targeting of AmyI-1. Furthermore, the results obtained by site-directed mutations of Trp-302 and Gly-354, located on the surface and on opposite sides of the AmyI-1 protein, suggest that multiple surface regions are necessary for plastid targeting. Thus, Golgi-to-plastid traffic appears to be involved in the transport of glycoproteins to plastids and plastid targeting seems to be accomplished in a sorting signal–dependent manner.