bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1141-P: Increased Predicted Risk for Fatal/Nonfatal Cardiac Events in Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: DAVIS FAITH , GLAROS SOPHIA B. , MALANDRINO NOEMI , DIXON SYDNEY A. , KRENEK ANDREA , CHOWDHURY ARUBA , MABUNDO LILIAN , YANOVSKI JACK A. , MAGGE SHEELA N. , CHUNG STEPHANIE T. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction/Objectives: Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (YT2D) may increase risk for cardiac disease (CVD), but the relative risk for fatal/non-fatal CVD is unknown. The International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) risk score was designed to predict 35-year CVD risk in healthy youth and young adults (YYA). We compared i3C risk score and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP, an independent CVD marker in adults) in YYA with YT2D with healthy lean (HL) and overweight/obese (OWOB) peers.
Methods: In a pooled cohort analysis of 1482 YYA [1320 YYA&lt;18y (14.7±1.5, mean±SD) and 139 18y≤YYA≤25y (21.0±2.0y)] the i3C scores and hazard ratios (HR) were derived from z-scores of systolic blood pressure, BMI, smoking history, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. Linear regression models were used to compare groups, adjusting for race/ethnicity.
Results: YT2D had higher HbA1c (YT2D:7.3±1.6 vs. OWOB:5.4±0.4 vs HL:5.2±0.4%). YT2D and OWOB had similar BMI (YT2D:37±8 vs. OWOB:35±8 vs. HL:21±3 kg/m2). The i3C score was highest in YT2D (Figure). Hazard Ratios were YT2D:1.8(1.2-2.7) vs. OWOB:1.3 (0.9-2.2) vs. HL:0.5 (0.4,0.7), P&lt;0.01. hsCRP was higher in YT2D and OWOB vs. HL (Figure). hsCRP correlated with i3C scores, r=0.5, P&lt;0.01.
Conclusion: YT2D had a 1.4-fold and 3.6-fold higher 35-year CVD risk compared to OWOB and HL peers, respectively. Future studies are needed to verify predicted risk in the YYA population.

Disclosure
F. Davis: None. S.B. Glaros: None. N. Malandrino: None. S.A. Dixon: None. A. Krenek: None. A. Chowdhury: None. L. Mabundo: None. J.A. Yanovski: Research Support; Rhythm Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Soleno Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Versanis Bil, Hikma Pharmaceuticals, Inc., National Institutes of Health. S.N. Magge: None. S.T. Chung: None.

Funding
Intramural Program of National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases
1149-P: Associations of Specific Food Intake during Childhood and Adolescence with Insulin Resistance in Late Adolescence in Project Viva
Authors: HARNOIS-LEBLANC SOREN , YOUNG JESSICA , RIFAS-SHIMAN SHERYL , NICHOLS AMY R. , SWITKOWSKI KAREN , PERNG WEI , ARIS IZZUDDIN , OKEN EMILY , HIVERT MARIE-FRANCE 
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: Dietary behaviors are possible intervention targets for type 2 diabetes prevention in youth. We examined whether intake of specific foods across childhood and adolescence were associated with insulin resistance in late adolescence.
Methods: We used data from Project Viva, a US pre-birth cohort. We measured fruit, vegetable, whole grain (servings/d), and fast food intake (less than vs. at least once/mo) in early childhood (median age: 3.1y), mid-childhood (7.6y) and early teen (12.9y) with food frequency questionnaires. We calculated HOMA-IR using fasting blood glucose and insulin measured in late adolescence (17.4y). We fit sex-specific linear regression between foods at each visit with HOMA-IR adjusting for sociodemographics, parental type 2 diabetes, and intake at prior visits.
Results: In children with HOMA-IR data in late adolescence (median [IQR] females: 2.1 [1.5-3.0], n=187; males: 2.0 [1.4-2.9], n=169), we estimated that higher fruit, vegetable, whole grain, and lower fast food intake in early childhood were associated with lower HOMA-IR in males (Table). Estimates for exposures at older ages were of smaller magnitude and less precise, and consistently null in females.
Conclusion: Eating more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and less fast food in early childhood may be associated with lower insulin resistance in adolescent males.

Disclosure
S. Harnois-Leblanc: None. J. Young: None. S. Rifas-Shiman: None. A.R. Nichols: None. K. Switkowski: Consultant; Modern Fertility. W. Perng: None. I. Aris: None. E. Oken: Other Relationship; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Up-To-Date. M. Hivert: None.

Funding
American Diabetes Association (7-23-PDFT2DY-3); NICHD R01 and R37 HD 034568
1150-P: Sexual Dimorphism in the Relationship of Obesity and Dysglycemia with Bone Microarchitecture in Youth
Authors: BACHA FIDA , SAHA PUNAM K. , VILLAREAL REINA , SHYPAILO ROMAN , CHEN XIAOJIE , PUYAU MAURICE R. 
Published: June 2024

The relationship between obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and bone health in youth is not clear. We examined the relationship of adiposity and glucose metabolism with bone mineral content (BMC) and microarchitecture (quality and strength) in youth across the glycemia spectrum, and evaluated sex-related differences. 75 adolescents (47 females); 27% normal weight (NW), 31% overweight-normal glucose tolerance (OW-NGT), 42% OW-impaired glucose regulation (IGR), including prediabetes (n=12) or T2D (n=20); underwent measurement of anthropometrics, body composition and BMC (DXA), bone microarchitecture (HRpQCT), and oral glucose tolerance test with determination of glucose and insulin indices. BMC and distal tibia bone quality and strength (modulus) measures were worse in OW-IGR and OW-NGT compared with NW in males but not in females (Table). Group differences in HRpQCT measures (worse in OW-IGR) were greater at the radius vs. tibia in both males and females. HOMA-IR was negatively related with vBMD (r=-.30, p=0.02), trabecular bone width (r=-0.38, p=0.003), and strength (r=-0.35, p=0.006) at the tibia and radius. There appears to be sexual dimorphism in the relationship of obesity and dysglycemia with bone quality and strength in youth, and a negative relationship between insulin resistance with bone measures. The metabolic effect of dysglycemia may be more discernable at a non-weight bearing site.

Disclosure
F. Bacha: None. P.K. Saha: None. R. Villareal: None. R. Shypailo: None. X. Chen: None. M.R. Puyau: None.

Funding
USDA/ARS National Institutes of Health
1151-P: Brain Networks Evaluated via Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging May Underlie Cognitive Findings in Youth with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: BRADY RYAN , SHAH AMY S. , DIFRANCESCO MARK W. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: Neurocognitive impairment is observed in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Concerningly, studies of youth-onset T2D show lower neurocognitive scores than their peers without T2D. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides a non-invasive manner to assess brain function and allows for the assessment of established brain networks. Elucidating alterations in brain networks that may lead to cognitive impairment in youth with T2D is critical for understanding the pathophysiology of brain related diabetes-associated complications.
Methods: 150 youth are being recruited for a study of how T2D impacts brain vasculature, structure, and cognition. We examined brain function connectivity between established brain networks using resting-state fMRI among the first 15 adolescents with T2D (mean age 16.4 years, BMI 39.4 kg/m2, 66.7% female) and 18 age, race, sex, and BMI similar controls without T2D (mean age 16.1 years, BMI 37.8 kg/m2, 66.7% female). Primary analyses were focused on the connectivity between regions of the default mode network (DMN) and the salience network (SN), two brain networks involved in cognition. Significance was determined between the T2D and controls with an effect size (Cohen’s d) exceeding 0.9.
Results: In youth with T2D, the connectivity between brain regions in the DMN (posterior cingulate and lateral parietal regions) and the SN (anterior cingulate, prefrontal cortex and supramarginal gyrus) demonstrates significantly weaker anticorrelation compared to controls.
Conclusion: Cognition requires anticorrelation between the brain networks of the DMN and SN. Given youth with T2D demonstrated weaker anticorrelation between these two brain networks compared to BMI-matched youth without T2D, cognitive impairment in youth with T2D may, in part, be explained by differences in these brain network connections.

Disclosure
R. Brady: None. A.S. Shah: None. M.W. DiFrancesco: None.

Funding
National Institutes of Health (R01 NS125316)
1173-P: CGM Detection of Undiagnosed Celiac Disease in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: RUIZ JESSICA , ASARO LISA , BERNIQUE ALLISON , CLEMONS SARAH , SILVESTER JOCELYN A. , WYPIJ DAVID , AGUS MICHAEL 
Published: June 2024

Celiac disease (CD) results in enteropathy and malabsorption that can cause prandial insulin-glucose mismatch in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study leveraged continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in children during the first year after T1D diagnosis to determine whether those with untreated CD have lower post-prandial glucose levels compared to those without CD. Children with T1D, positive CD serologies and biopsy-confirmed CD (CD+) were matched 1-to-4 to children with T1D but negative CD serologies (CD-) on age, sex, BMI and duration of diabetes. Meals were analyzed in the 30-day window before CD serologies and were computationally defined as paired CGM glucose peaks and troughs. Differences in the primary outcome, post-prandial trough, and other post-prandial glucose variables were assessed via log-linear mixed models. The cohort (N = 16 CD+, N = 64 CD-) was 69% female, with median age 10.7 years (interquartile range 8.9 - 12.8), T1D duration 4.1 months (2.3 - 7.7), and BMI z-score 0.29 (0.00 - 0.92). Over the 30-day window, mean post-prandial trough glucose and peak glucose were 111.7 mg/dL (SD 36.3) and 213.6 mg/dL (48.5) in the CD+ children, and 128.6 mg/dL (39.8) and 238.4 mg/dL (53.0) in the CD- children, respectively. In the repeated measures models, CD diagnosis reduced trough glucose by 12.8% (p = 0.059) and reduced peak glucose by 10.2% (p = 0.048). Other secondary outcomes including change in glucose or time from peak to trough did not significantly differ between groups. There is a quantifiable difference in post-prandial glucose when CD is present and untreated in patients with T1D. These findings can inform a future, CGM-based, predictive model of CD in T1D to prompt screening and aid in earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Disclosure
J. Ruiz: Research Support; Dexcom, Inc. L. Asaro: None. A. Bernique: None. S. Clemons: None. J.A. Silvester: Consultant; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Research Support; Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited. Other Relationship; Wolters Kluwer Health. D. Wypij: None. M. Agus: Research Support; Dexcom, Inc.

Funding
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation ù Pediatric Scientist Development Program (K12-HD000850)
1178-P: Autoantibodies Specifically Targeting Oxidative Post-translationally Modified Insulin in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: JIA XIAOFAN , POZZILLI PAOLO , NISSIM AHUVA , STROLLO ROCKY , YU LIPING 
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: Antibodies to oxidative post-translational modifications of insulin (oxIAA) have been reported in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The specificity of oxIAA related with natural insulin autoantibodies (IAA) is yet to be established.
Methods: Oxidized insulin (•OH-INS) was generated by exposing insulin to hydroxyl radical. The method for detecting autoantibodies to •OH-INS (oxIAA) in the present study used an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay as previously used for IAA. In total, 539 samples were tested including 254 from healthy children negative for all islet autoantibodies and 285 from T1D patients newly diagnosed within 2 weeks. Radio-binding assays were performed for all islet autoantibodies (IAA, GADA, IA-2A and ZnT8A) for all participants. Absorption assays for oxIAA were performed using both insulin and OH-INS.
Results: With the specificity set at 95% of 254 controls, the sensitivity of oxIAA was 16.8% (48/285) in patients with new-onset T1D. Of 48 positives for oxIAA, 31 were IAA positive and 17 were IAA negative. Eight sera positive for oxIAA from T1D patients were randomly selected for absorption assay including 4 positive for both oxIAA and IAA, and 4 positive only for oxIAA. The oxIAA from all 8 sera studied were able to be completely absorbed by •OH-INS while the absorption by insulin were poor, showing partial absorption.
Conclusion: Autoantibodies targeting oxidative post-translationally modified insulin can be detected in patients with new onset T1D. The present data that the oxIAA were present in IAA-negative patients and oxIAA were absorbed by •OH-INS, better than natural insulin, demonstrated that oxIAA (specifically against •OH-INS) are novel antibodies in T1D. Further study in pre-T1D subjects will be focused on oxIAA as new risk biomarker of T1D development.

Disclosure
X. Jia: None. A. Nissim: None. R. Strollo: None. L. Yu: None.

Funding
NIH DK032083 DRC P30 DK116073
119-OR: Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of a Novel Ultra-Long-Acting GLP-1 Receptor Agonist (ZT002) in Healthy Subjects
Authors: ZHANG YUANYUAN , XU XIUSEN , MCLENDON KRISTI , WONG ALEX H.L. , ZHANG YUYING , ZHANG XUJIA 
Published: June 2024

Introduction: ZT002, a novel ultra-long-acting GLP-1RA, is designed for monthly or biweekly subcutaneous administration and has non-inferior efficacies and a safety profile to semaglutide. Preclinical pharmacokinetics (PK) studies in multiple species (mouse, rat, minipig, monkey) demonstrated ZT002 had a 2-4 fold longer half-life than semaglutide. This first-in-human study assessed the safety, tolerability, PK, and pharmacodynamics (PD) of single ascending doses (SAD) of ZT002 in healthy subjects.
Methods: This phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, SAD trial was conducted in Australia. Overtly healthy adults 18-55 years with the body mass index of 22.0-35.0 kg/m2 were randomized (6:2) to receive ZT002 (0.03, 0.09, 0.13 and 0.26 mg/kg) or placebo.
Results: A total of 32 subjects [N=20 (male)/12 (female); median age=28 years; median BMI=26.7 kg/m2)] participated in the SAD trial. There were no serious adverse events, deaths or treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) that led to withdrawal. The most common TEAEs related to the study drug were gastrointestinal (nausea and vomiting), and the majority were considered mild and transient. The PK profile was dose-proportional over the dose range with a mean half-life of 260-273 hours, supporting a monthly or biweekly injection. Weight loss from baseline at Day 15 was dose-responsive across the 4 cohorts, and the mean reduction in body weight (BW) from baseline on Day 14 was 2.01 kg in subjects with 0.26mg/kg ZT002 and clinically meaningful weight reduction, in comparison to the placebo, was maintained up to Day 71.
Conclusion: This SAD trial of ZT002 demonstrated acceptable safety, tolerability profile, and superior PK profiles. Significant reductions in BW were observed in healthy subjects. Further clinical development of ZT002 as a monthly or biweekly injectable therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is underway.

Disclosure
Y. Zhang: Employee; QL Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd. X. Xu: Employee; Beijin QL biopharmaceutical Co., ltd. K. McLendon: None. A.H.L. Wong: Employee; Beijing QL Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Y. Zhang: None. X. Zhang: Employee; QL Biopharmaceutical Co. Ltd.
1195-P: Remote Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) in Youth with Preclinical Type 1 Diabetes (T1D)
Authors: PAULEY MEGHAN E. , GENO RASMUSSEN CRISTY , BAUTISTA KIMBERLY A. , MUNOZ MARICELA , TAKI IMAN , SEPULVEDA FLOR , BAXTER JUDITH , REWERS MARIAN , SIMMONS KIMBER M. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: Screening for preclinical T1D and early-stage monitoring are typically only accessible in research studies, but will likely soon expand to clinical settings. Potential strategies for conducting monitoring of early-stage T1D in clinical settings must be explored. This study assessed feasibility of remote SMBG in youth with preclinical T1D.
Methods: Participants from the Autoimmunity Screening for Kids (ASK) study were eligible if enrolled in ASK ≥6 months prior to this study’s start. Upon enrollment in the SMBG study, participants transitioned to an advanced technology glucometer (OneTouch Verio Reflect®) with remote data sharing capability. 12 months of remotely transferred SMBG data was collapsed into 3-month sums and SMBG frequency was explored with Poisson regression.
Results: Data from 42 participants were included (age 13 ± 4.1 years, 62% non-Hispanic white, 62% female, 17% T1D first-degree relative). Frequency of SMBG was highest in the first 3 months (median [IQR]: 3.0 [1.0-8.5]). SMBG frequency decreased over time; there were fewer SMBG in months 4-6 (1.0 [0.0-4.3]), 7-9 (0.0 [0.0-2.3]), and 10-12 (0.0 [0.0-2.0]) (p&lt;0.0001).
Conclusion: Use of devices with remote data transfer is one potential tactic to support clinicians in conducting early-stage T1D monitoring. Strategies to sustain engagement are needed; qualitative studies may provide insight into barriers.

Disclosure
M.E. Pauley: None. C. Geno Rasmussen: None. K.A. Bautista: None. M. Munoz: None. I. Taki: None. F. Sepulveda: None. J. Baxter: None. M. Rewers: Advisory Panel; Sanofi. Other Relationship; Sanofi. Consultant; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Research Support; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF). Consultant; Provention Bio, Inc. Research Support; Hemsley Charitable Trust, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. K.M. Simmons: Advisory Panel; Provention Bio, Inc. Consultant; Provention Bio, Inc. Research Support; Provention Bio, Inc., Novartis AG. Consultant; Medtronic.

Funding
JDRF (2-SRA-2022-1270-S-B); NIH NIDDK (T325T32DK063687); DiabDocs Physician-Scientist Career Development Award: NIH NIDDK (K12DK133995) & The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust to Stanford University (2305-06041)
1199-P: Tackling Transition of Care of Young Adults with Type 1 Diabetes—Preliminary Findings
Authors: DIAS ALEXANDRA A. , CONSIDINE ELIZABETH G. , WEYMAN KATE , CARR DANIELLA , TICHY EILEEN M. , SHERR JENNIFER L. 
Published: June 2024

Introduction & Objective: Young adults (YA) with T1D have the greatest deviation from targeted glycemia. The transition of care from pediatric to adult providers may be cumbersome and lead to delays in follow up (f/u). To identify methods to tailor the process and augment transition of care, a feasibility study is underway at our tertiary care center.
Methods: In this prospective study, 15 YA (≥18y/o) with ≥1y T1D duration were recruited. The Readiness for Emerging Adults with Diabetes Diagnosed in Youth (READDY) tool was completed at baseline. Results guide education during f/u visits (initial, 3- and 6-mo after enrollment) and structured visits with social work and nutrition.
Results: Fifteen YA (age: 22.9 ± 1.4y, duration: 15.3 ± 4.6y, HbA1c/GMI median: 6.9% (range 6.0-9.9), pump: 87%, male: 53%) enrolled, with 3-mo f/u completed by 46%. The figure shows average score for each participant for the 4 core domains. The knowledge domain was below average for 26% of the cohort, with specific deficits noted in complications, HbA1c, impact of substances on glucose, and reproductive health.
Conclusion: Implementation of the READDY tool has identified individualized areas requiring focus in the pre-transition period in our feasibility study. Structured topics to be covered based on knowledge deficits and a multidisciplinary approach will be used to assess whether gaps can be mitigated by the 6-mo f/u when the READDY tool will be re-administered.

Disclosure
A.A. Dias: None. E.G. Considine: None. K. Weyman: None. D. Carr: None. E.M. Tichy: None. J.L. Sherr: Consultant; Medtronic. Advisory Panel; Medtronic, Insulet Corporation. Speaker's Bureau; Insulet Corporation. Advisory Panel; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, MannKind Corporation, StartUp Health T1D Moonshot, Bigfoot Biomedical, Inc., Cecelia Health. Speaker's Bureau; Zealand Pharma A/S.

Funding
Friends of Yale New Haven Children's Hospital
1211-P: In Utero Diabetes Exposure to Diabetes Alters MicroRNA Abundance in Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: KIM YOUNGSIL , HAN LEE WAI , TEAGUE APRIL M. , TRYGGESTAD JEANIE B. 
Published: June 2024

Adverse intrauterine environments increase susceptibility of offspring to develop metabolic diseases later in life through epigenetic mechanisms. Studies suggest the multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from umbilical cord Wharton’s Jelly are programmed by exposure to maternal diabetes and obesity toward adipogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are a key mechanism through which epigenetic modifications occur. We hypothesized MSCs exposed to diabetes in utero would have altered miRNA abundance, resulting in downstream effects within the adipogenesis pathway. We harvested human MSCs from control (N=11) and diabetic mellitus (DM, N=13) groups. Control group is defined as mother with normal glucose level and DM with either type 2 diabetes or gestational diabetes during pregnancy. MSCs were isolated within 24 hours of delivery and confirmed via flow cytometry by the presence of CD105 and 90 and absence of CD34 and 45. MSCs were differentiated into adipocytes. Total RNA was extracted using miRNeasy isolation kit (Qiagen, USA) and complementary DNAs (cDNA) from the RNAs were synthesized by using Advance cDNA Synthesis kits (ThermoFisher, USA). Real time PCR (RT PCR) was used to investigate differences in miRNA abundance between those groups. Data from RT PCR were analyzed by delta-delta CT (2−ΔΔCT) method, and RNU48 was used as a reference gene. We discovered that for undifferentiated MSCs, miR-155 was 2-fold higher (p=0.02) and miR-423 was 1.3-fold higher (p=0.04) in the DM comparing to the control group. None of the miRNA in the differentiated adipocytes was different between the groups. Higher levels of miR-155 inhibits browning of fat, and miR-423 is associated with morbid obesity.
In conclusion, DM during pregnancy alters miRNA abundance in stem cells and this phenomenon may impact downstream targets and pathways leading to increased risk of metabolic disease in the offspring.

Disclosure
Y. Kim: None. W. Lee: None. A.M. Teague: None. J.B. Tryggestad: Other Relationship; Ascendis Pharma A/S.

Funding
National Institutes of Health (1K23 DK106533); National Institutes of Health (R03DK125626)
1216-P: Maternal Obesity and Human Milk Metabolomics—Unraveling the Link to Infant Obesity Risk
Authors: DECICCO LEWIS , GARRETT TIMOTHY J. , LEMAS DOMINICK J. 
Published: June 2024

Background: Maternal obesity is associated with increased risk of pediatric obesity and the mechanisms that account for these observations remain poorly characterized. Pre-pregnancy BMI (ppBMI) is associated with variation in human milk composition, suggesting that human milk metabolites may affect infant growth and risk of obesity.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to leverage clinical metabolomics to understand the impact of ppBMI on human milk composition in a longitudinal birth cohort.
Methods: Clinical data (n=83) for this study included normal weight (NW, pre-pregnant BMI &lt;25.0 kg/m2) and obese (Ob, pre-pregnant BMI &gt;30.0 kg/m2) maternal infant dyads at 3rd trimester (34-38 weeks) and followed for 12-months postpartum. Human milk samples were collected at 2-weeks and metabolomics data was generated by untargeted high-resolution liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. T-test was performed using the R statistical software to test for differences in human milk metabolomics.
Results: We found that maternal obesity was associated with changes in 170 human milk metabolites. Specifically, we found ppBMI was associated with reduced levels of human milk carbohydrates (deoxyribose, p=0.03), lipids (undecanoic acid, p=0.03), and phytochemical (pipecolate, p=0.02) compounds. We also found that ppBMI was associated with increased levels of lipids (dodecylaldehyde, p=0.02), nucleic acids (uridine, p=0.04) and peptides (ornithine, p=0.0003).
Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that maternal ppBMI was associated with changes in human milk composition and may represent a potential milk-dependent mechanism for mother-child transmission of obesity risk.

Disclosure
L. DeCicco: None. T.J. Garrett: None. D.J. Lemas: None.

Funding
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K01DK115632)