bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The FITNESS study: longitudinal geriatric assessment, treatment toxicity, and biospecimen collection to assess functional disability among older adults with lung cancer
Authors: Grogan Madison , Hoyd Rebecca , Benedict Jason , Janse Sarah , Williams Nyelia , Naughton Michelle , Burd Christin E. , Paskett Electra D. , Rosko Ashley , Spakowicz Daniel J. , Presley Carolyn J. 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionOlder adults with chronic disease prioritize functional independence. We aimed to describe the feasibility of capturing functional disability and treatment toxicity among older adults with lung cancer using a longitudinal comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and molecular biomarkers of aging.MethodsThis prospective study included adults ≥60 years with any newly diagnosed non-small-cell lung cancer. Participants were recruited from central Ohio (2018–2020). Study assessments included the Cancer and Aging Research Group CGA (CARG-CGA), short physical performance battery (SPPB), and the blessed orientation-memory concentration (BOMC) test at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. Activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental ADLs (IADLs), quality of life (QoL, PROMIS 10), and treatment toxicity were captured monthly. Stool and blood were collected to characterize the gut microbiome and age-related blood biomarkers.ResultsThis study enrolled 50 participants with an average age of 71.7 years. Ninety-two percent of participants were Caucasian, 58% were male, and all were non-Hispanic. Most had advanced stage (stage III/IV: 90%; stage I/II: 10%), with adenocarcinoma the predominant histologic subtype (68% vs. 24% squamous). First-line treatments included chemotherapy (44%), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs, 22%), chemotherapy and ICIs (30%), or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (4%). The median baseline CARG toxicity score was 8 (range 2–12). Among patients with treatment-related toxicity (n = 49), 39 (79.6%) cases were mild (grade 1–2), and 10 (20.4%) were moderate to severe (≥ grade 3). Treatment toxicity was greater among those with a CARG score ≥8 (28.0% vs. 13.6%). Higher IADL independence, QoL, and SPPB scores at baseline were positively associated with Candidatus Gastranaerophilales bacterium, Lactobacillus rogosae, and Enterobacteria phage P4. Romboutsia ilealis, Streptococcus, and Lachnoclostridium sp An138 and T cell lag3 and cd8a were associated with worse IADLs, QoL, and SPPB scores at baseline.DiscussionA longitudinal CGA and biomarker collection is feasible among older adults undergoing lung cancer treatment. Gut microbe and T cell gene expression changes correlated with subjective and objective functional status assessments. Future research will test causality in these associations to improve outcomes through novel supportive care interventions to prevent functional disability.
Assessing the accessibility and quality of mobile health applications for the treatment of obesity in the German healthcare market
Authors: Stapelfeldt Pia M. , Müller Sina A. M. , Kerkemeyer Linda 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionOverweight and obesity are among the most prevalent health problems worldwide leading to various diseases and having a significant impact on the healthcare system. In Germany, the prevalence of obesity among adults is 19%. Mobile health applications offer a new approach to treatment and prevention and have been proven effective in previous studies. However, it is essential to investigate the availability and quality of these digital applications. The aim of this systematic assessment is to evaluate the accessibility and quality of digital health applications in German language designed to treat obesity.MethodsIn January 2024, a systematic search for mobile health applications was conducted on both the Google Play Store and Apple App Store. Just those apps available in German for both iOS and Android were considered acceptable. The German Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS-G) was used to assess the quality of the apps. The content of mobile health applications was evaluated using the guideline from the German Obesity Society for the treatment of obesity. The characteristics of the apps were summarized and presented, and the results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in tables.ResultsAfter screening, ten apps were included in the review. The apps varied in terms of calorie tracking, individual workout plans, educational aspects, nutritional plans, and exercises for behavioral change. On average, 6.4 out of 12 items of the German Obesity guideline recommendations were fulfilled. The MARS score (possible range from 1–5) reached a mean of 3.39 (SD = 0.39). The section “Engagement” had the lowest quality score with a mean of 3.14 (SD = 0.57), while the section “Aesthetics” achieved the highest mean of 3.57 (SD = 0.52).DiscussionMost German mobile health applications for managing obesity meet some guideline recommendations. They demonstrate adequate to good quality according to the MARS score. Assessing the quality of mobile health applications can be challenging for patients, despite being easily accessible and low-threshold. However, such digital health applications, reimbursed by the German SHI, offer evidence-based information, even if access can be associated with higher hurdles.
Blebbistatin as a novel antiviral agent targeting equid herpesvirus type 8
Authors: Li Liangliang , Cui Xiu , Yu Yue , Sun Qi , Li Wenjing , Li Yubao , Li Shuwen , Chen Li , Khan Muhammad Zahoor , Wang Changfa , Wang Tongtong 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionEquid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) poses a significant threat to equine health, leading to miscarriages and respiratory diseases in horses and donkeys, and results in substantial economic losses in the donkey industry. Currently, there are no effective drugs or vaccines available for EqHV-8 infection control.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the in vitro and in vivo antiviral efficacy of Blebbistatin, a myosin II ATPase inhibitor, against EqHV-8.ResultsOur results demonstrated that Blebbistatin significantly inhibited EqHV-8 infection in Rabbit kidney (RK-13) and Madin-Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Notably, Blebbistatin was found to disrupt EqHV-8 infection at the entry stage by modulating myosin II ATPase activity. Moreover, in vivo experiments revealed that Blebbistatin effectively reduced EqHV-8 replication and mitigated lung pathology in a mouse model.ConclusionCollectively, these findings suggest that Blebbistatin holds considerable potential as an antiviral agent for the control of EqHV-8 infection, presenting a novel approach to addressing this veterinary challenge.
Seroprevalence of infectious pathogens of zoonotic and veterinary importance in wild ruminants from Slovenia
Authors: Žele Vengušt Diana , Krt Brane , Blagus Rok , Vengušt Gorazd , Bandelj Petra 
Published: June 2024

IntroductionWildlife represents an increasingly important source of pathogens of medical and veterinary importance. Surveillance in wildlife offers an insight on current epidemiological status of selected pathogens and help to prevent spillovers to humans and livestock.Material and methodsOur study included 312 wild ruminants belonging to five species: Roe deer (n = 134), red deer (n = 113), Alpine chamois (n = 53), European mouflon (n = 10) and Alpine ibex (n = 2). Seven pathogens that may have profound effect on human/livestock health and economic viability of the farms were tested using serological methods.ResultsAntibodies against Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp., Chlamydophila abortus, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and Mycobacterium bovis were detected in 34.62% (108/312), 0.96% (3/312), 2.24% (7/312), 0, 0.96% (3/312), 0, 0.64% (2/312) of animals tested, respectively. Because of low prevalences, risk factors were assessed only for T. gondii. Sex (female&gt;male) and species (roe deer&gt;red deer, roe deer&gt;Alpine chamois) were significantly associated with the T. gondii positive outcome, while age was not.DiscussionAdult males had the lowest T. gondii prevalence which offers future research opportunities. The lower seroprevalence of most investigated pathogens suggests game meat, if properly cooked, as being relatively safe for human consumption. This is the first study investigating the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of selected pathogens in wild ruminants in Slovenia.
Unpacking complexity in addressing the contribution of trauma to women’s ill health: a qualitative study of perspectives from general practice
Authors: MacLellan Jennifer , Dixon Sharon , Toye Francine , McNiven Abigail 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundThere is an intricate relationship between the mind and the body in experiences of health and wellbeing. This can result in complexity of both symptom presentation and experience. Although the contribution of life trauma to illness experience is well described, this is not always fully recognised or addressed in healthcare encounters. Negotiating effective and acceptable trauma-informed conversations can be difficult for clinicians and patients.AimTo explore the experience of primary care practitioners caring for women through a trauma-informed care lens.Design and settingQualitative study in the general practice setting of England, with reflections from representatives of a group with lived experience of trauma.MethodThis was a secondary thematic analysis of 46 qualitative interviews conducted online/by telephone to explore primary care practitioners’ experiences of supporting women’s health needs in general practice, alongside consultation with representatives of a lived-experience group to contextualise the findings.ResultsFour themes were constructed: ‘you prioritise physical symptoms because you don’t want to miss something’; you do not want to alienate people by saying the wrong thing; the system needs to support trauma-informed care; and delivering trauma-informed care takes work that can have an impact on practitioners.ConclusionPrimary care practitioners are aware of the difficulties in discussing the interface between trauma and illness with patients, and request support and guidance in how to negotiate this supportively. Lack of support for practitioners moves the focus of trauma-informed care from a whole-systems approach towards individual clinician–patient interactions.
Cierres y aperturas en las interacciones de estudiantes de posgrado a través de plataformas digitales
Authors: López Espinosa Susana , Sánchez-Flores María del Carmen Francisca , Velázquez-Muñoz Macario 
Published: June 2024

El propósito de la presente contribución es incidir en las posibilidades de un desplazamiento de las visiones sociales que naturalizan las consecuencias de la sociedad en riesgo, atribuyendo a causas naturales las carástrofes ecológicas que vulneran el ejercicio de los derechos humanos, especialmente en el ámbito educativo focalizamos los derechos relacionados con las interacciones subjetivas. Los posicionamientos sociohistórico y teórico se sitúan respectivamente en la sociedad en riesgo (Beck, 1986, 1997) y en la ética crítica representada por Enrique Dussel (2007). Las categorías apertura y cierre constituyen herramientas teóricas para aproximarnos a las interacciones subjetivas, situándolas en la articulación de los derechos humanos y la visión sociocultural del aprendizaje (Vygotsky, 1995) en la interacción subjetiva. A partir del acceso a las voces y miradas de los estudiantes de posgrado de nuestra institución, mediante un cuestionario de preguntas abiertas, se reconstruyeron los cierres y aperturas en las interacciones. Los resultados muestran la diversidad, incluso la contradicción entre las perspectivas de los estudiantes. Lo que conduce a concluir sobre cómo lo que aquí se nombra cierres y aperturas representa maneras distintas en la que los sujetos construyen significados sobre su realidad sociohistórica y atribuyen sentidos vinculados con aperturas y cierres desde los cuales participan en las interacciones. Se destaca también la importancia del profesor en su labor de acompañamiento de los estudiantes en el proceso formativo.
METODOLOGIAS ATIVAS NA DISCIPLINA DE CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO
Authors: Fernanda Vitória , Glória Stéphany Silva de Araújo  , Keila Elyssandra , Pereira Joice , Inês Maria , Jefferson Alan , Tolentino Iglesia , Rodrigues Tânia , Rodrigues Nádia , Soares Mykaelle 
Published: June 2024

objetivo: relatar as experiências vivenciadas na disciplina de Cuidados Paliativos durante a graduação em Bacharelado de Enfermagem , detalhando as metodologias ativas na disciplina na construção dos conhecimentos adquiridos. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência sobre a vivência de graduando de enfermagem do 9º período na disciplina optativa de cuidados paliativos da Universidade Estadual Piauí. A disciplina de cuidados paliativos foi ministrada essencialmente por intermédio das metodologias ativas. Resultados e Discussão: Para obter melhor embasamento teórico, fez-se necessária a realização de levantamento bibliográfico e busca em bases de dados on-line pesquisas mais recentes sobre metodologia ativa na construção do conhecimento em Cuidados Paliativos. Desse modo, a disciplina contou com palestras, dinâmicas de balões, seminários e encenação de situações práticas no cenário dos cuidados paliativos. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que as metodologias ativas desenvolvidas durante a disciplina possibilitaram a integração dos discentes com as temáticas expostas devido à inserção protagonista e assertiva dos alunos no manejo dos conteúdos.
Understanding Solar Activity after the Maunder Minimum: Sunspot Records by Rost and Alischer
Authors: Carrasco V. M. S. , Aparicio A. J. P. , Chatzistergos T. , Jamali Jaghdani S. , Hayakawa H. , Gallego M. C. , Vaquero J. M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The Maunder Minimum was a period with significantly reduced solar activity between 1645 and 1715, approximately. The transition between the low solar activity in the Maunder Minimum and the subsequent “normal” regime of solar activity was gradual. However, there are discrepancies in the solar activity level from sunspot number indices and solar activity proxies in that period. Among the contemporaneous observers, Johann L. Rost and Sebastian Alischer were two key sunspot observers to understand the solar activity in this transition just after the Maunder Minimum. We have revised all their sunspot records, counting the number of groups and individual sunspots to derive reliable data for the solar activity level for the period 1716–1726. We found significant misinterpretations of the sunspot group counting assigned to these astronomers in the existing group number databases. Our new group sunspot counting significantly reduces the number of groups for Rost and Alischer’s observations compared to entries in existing databases. Furthermore, our sunspot number estimates (obtained from the active day fraction methodology) of the maximum amplitude of Solar Cycles −3 and −4 are significantly lower than the amplitudes according to the official sunspot number, but they are compatible with sunspot number values obtained from solar activity proxies such as radioisotopes. Our result would imply that solar activity after the Maunder Minimum recovered more gradually and with a lower intensity than previously considered.
Diversity of Early Kilonova with the Realistic Opacities of Highly Ionized Heavy Elements
Authors: Banerjee Smaranika , Tanaka Masaomi , Kato Daiji , Gaigalas Gediminas 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We investigate early (t < 1 day) kilonova from a neutron star merger by deriving atomic opacities for all the elements from La to Ra (Z = 57–88) ionized to the states V–XI. The opacities at high temperatures for the elements with open f-shells (e.g., lanthanides) are exceptionally high, reaching

κ

exp

∼
3
×

10

3

cm

2

g

−
1

at λ ≤ 1000 Å at T ∼ 70,000 K, whereas the opacities at the same temperature and wavelengths for the elements with open d-, p-, and s-shells reach

κ
exp

∼
1

, 0.1, and 0.01 cm2 g−1, respectively. Using the new opacity data set, we derive early kilonovae for various compositions and density structures expected for neutron star merger ejecta. The bolometric luminosity of the lanthanide-rich ejecta shows distinct signatures and is fainter than that of the lanthanide-free ejecta. Early luminosity is suppressed by the presence of a thin outer layer, agreeing with the results of Kasen et al. and Banerjee et al. The early brightness in the Swift UVOT filters and in the optical g, r, i, and z filters for a source at 100 Mpc are about ∼22–19.5 and ∼21–20 mag, respectively, at t ∼ 0.1 day. Such kilonovae are ideal targets for the upcoming UV satellites, such as ULTRASAT, UVEX, and DORADO, and the upcoming surveys, e.g., the Vera Rubin Observatory. We suggest that the gray opacities that reproduce the bolometric light curves with and without lanthanides are ∼1–10 and ∼0.8 cm2 g−1.
Hot Gas Outflow Properties of the Starburst Galaxy NGC 4945
Authors: Porraz Barrera Natalia , Lopez Sebastian , Lopez Laura A. , Foord Adi , Nguyen Dustin D. , Thompson Todd A. , Mathur Smita , Bolatto Alberto D. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We analyze 330 ks of Chandra X-ray imaging and spectra of the nearby, edge-on starburst and Seyfert type 2 galaxy NGC 4945 to measure the hot gas properties along the galactic outflows. We extract and model spectra from 15 regions extending from −0.55 to +0.85 kpc above and below the galactic disk to determine the best-fit parameters and metal abundances. We find that the hot gas temperatures and number densities peak in the central regions and decrease along the outflows. These profiles are inconsistent with a spherical, adiabatically expanding wind model, suggesting the need to include mass loading and/or a nonspherical outflow geometry. We estimate the mass outflow rate of the hot wind to be 1.6 M
⊙ yr−1. Emission from charge exchange is detected in the northern outflow, and we estimate it contributes 12% to the emitted, broadband (0.5–7 keV) X-ray flux.
Equator to Pole Solar Chromospheric Differential Rotation Using Ca-K Features Derived from Kodaikanal Data
Authors: Kharayat Hema , Singh Jagdev , Priyal Muthu , Ravindra B. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Differential rotation is one of the basic characteristics of the Sun, and it plays an important role in generating the magnetic fields and its activities. We investigated rotation rate using chromospheric features such as plages, enhanced network (EN), active network (AN), and quiet network (QN) separately (for the first time). The digitized Ca-K images from Kodaikanal Observatory for 1907–1996 are used to study rotation over 0°–80° latitudes at an interval of 10°. We find that plages and all types of networks exhibit the differential rotation of the chromosphere. Furthermore, the rotation rate shows a decreasing pattern as one move from the equator to the higher polar latitudes for all the features used in the study. At the equator the rotation rate (rotation period) is obtained to be ∼13.98° day−1 (25.74 days), ∼13.91° day−1 (25.88 days), ∼13.99° day−1 (25.74 days), and ∼14.11° day−1 (25.51 days) for plage, EN, AN, and QN areas, respectively. By analyzing how the area of chromospheric features varies over time, we can effectively map the Sun’s rotation rate at all latitudes, including the polar regions. Interestingly, both plages and small-scale networks exhibit a similar differential rotation rate. This suggests these features likely rooted at the same layer below the visible surface of the Sun. Therefore, the long-term Ca-K data is very useful for studying the solar rotation rate at all latitudes including the polar regions.
Investigating the Ultracompact X-Ray Binary Candidate SLX 1735-269 with NICER and NuSTAR
Authors: Moutard D. L. , Ludlam R. M. , Sudha M. , Buisson D. J. K. , Cackett E. M. , Degenaar N. , Fabian A. C. , Gandhi P. , García J. A. , Shaw A. W. , Tomsick J. A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We present two simultaneous NICER and NuSTAR observations of the ultracompact X-ray binary (UCXB) candidate SLX 1735−269 while the source was in two different spectral states. Using various reflection modeling techniques, we find that xillverCO, a model used for fitting X-ray spectra of UCXBs with high carbon and oxygen abundances is an improvement over relxill or relxillNS, which instead contains solar-like chemical abundances. This provides indirect evidence in support of the source being ultracompact. We also use this reflection model to get a preliminary measurement of the inclination of the system,

i
=

57

−
7

+
23

degrees. This is consistent with our timing analysis, where a lack of eclipses indicates an inclination of i < 80°. The timing analysis is otherwise inconclusive, and we cannot confidently measure the orbital period of the system.
Diffusion des normes internationales du travail et diplomatie technique : l’assistance technique du BIT au Venezuela (1920-1945)
Authors: Plata-Stenger Véronique 
Published: June 2024

L’Organisation internationale du travail, fondée en 1919, est avant tout une organisation européenne. Créée par les vainqueurs de la Première Guerre mondiale, elle n’exerce qu’une influence limitée sur les pays extra-européens jusque dans les années 1930. La crise économique mondiale et l’entrée des États-Unis en 1934 contribuent à modifier l’équilibre des pouvoirs au sein de l’organisation et l’engagent activement dans une réflexion sur la portée et l’utilité des conventions internationales du travail en dehors de l’Europe. Cette réflexion s’accompagne de nouvelles pratiques de coopération technique, qui annoncent les politiques de développement international de l’après Seconde Guerre mondiale. Cet article interroge l’influence que l’OIT a pu avoir sur le développement du Welfare State en Amérique latine entre 1920 et 1945, en prenant le Venezuela comme cas d’étude. Il s’intéresse en particulier aux missions d’assistance technique organisées à partir des années 1930 et cherche à évaluer leur efficacité dans la diffusion des normes internationales du travail.
Assurer le développement ou développer l’assurance : les discours experts sur la sécurité sociale dans les pays du Sud (1950-1975)
Authors: Mayens Paul 
Published: June 2024

Entre le début des années 1950 et les années 1970 l’aide au développement fournie par les organisations internationales croît rapidement. Celle-ci se concentre sur l’accroissement de la productivité et la formation de la main-d’œuvre. Au sein du Bureau international du travail et de l’Association internationale de sécurité sociale des voix se font entendre pour que la sécurité sociale ne reste pas en marge de ces politiques. Un débat s’engage sur la pertinence de la mise en place de programmes de protection sociale dans des pays où le salariat reste minoritaire. Contre un discours dominant qui ferait de la sécurité sociale un coût trop lourd à supporter pour des économies fragiles, les experts gravitant autour du BIT et de l’AISS tentent d’articuler le développement de la protection sociale avec les impératifs du développement économique. Selon eux, celle-ci pourrait s’avérer être davantage un levier de développement qu’un coût.