bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dacrystic seizures: Demographic, semiologic, and etiologic insights from a multicenter study in long‐term video‐EEG monitoring units
Authors: Blumberg Julie , Fernández Iván Sánchez , Vendrame Martina , Oehl Bernhard , Tatum William O. , Schuele Stephan , Alexopoulos Andreas V. , Poduri Annapurna , Kellinghaus Christoph , Schulze‐Bonhage Andreas , Loddenkemper Tobias 
Published: July 2012

SummaryPurpose: To provide an estimate of the frequency of dacrystic seizures in video‐electroencephalography (EEG) long‐term monitoring units of tertiary referral epilepsy centers and to describe the clinical presentation of dacrystic seizures in relationship to the underlying etiology.Methods: We screened clinical records and video‐EEG reports for the diagnosis of dacrystic seizures of all patients admitted for video‐EEG long‐term monitoring at five epilepsy referral centers in the United States and Germany. Patients with a potential diagnosis of dacrystic seizures were identified, and their clinical charts and video‐EEG recordings were reviewed. We included only patients with: (1) stereotyped lacrimation, sobbing, grimacing, yelling, or sad facial expression; (2) long‐term video‐EEG recordings (at least 12 h); and (3) at least one brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study.Key Findings: Nine patients (four female) with dacrystic seizures were identified. Dacrystic seizures were identified in 0.06–0.53% of the patients admitted for long‐term video‐EEG monitoring depending on the specific center. Considering our study population as a whole, the frequency was 0.13%. The presence of dacrystic seizures without other accompanying clinical features was found in only one patient. Gelastic seizures accompanied dacrystic seizures in five cases, and a hypothalamic hamartoma was found in all of these five patients. The underlying etiology in the four patients with dacrystic seizures without gelastic seizures was left mesial temporal sclerosis (three patients) and a frontal glioblastoma (one patient). All patients had a difficult‐to‐control epilepsy as demonstrated by the following: (1) at least three different antiepileptic drugs were tried in each patient, (2) epilepsy was well controlled with antiepileptic drugs in only two patients, (3) six patients were considered for epilepsy surgery and three of them underwent a surgical/radiosurgical or radioablative procedure. Regarding outcome, antiepileptic drugs alone achieved seizure freedom in two patients and did not change seizure frequency in another patient. Radiosurgery led to moderately good seizure control in one patient and did not improve seizure control in another patient. Three patients were or are being considered for epilepsy surgery on last follow‐up. One patient remains seizure free 3 years after epilepsy surgery.Significance: Dacrystic seizures are a rare but clinically relevant finding during video‐EEG monitoring. Our data show that when the patient has dacrystic and gelastic seizures, the cause is a hypothalamic hamartoma. In contrast, when dacrystic seizures are not accompanied by gelastic seizures the underlying lesion is most commonly located in the temporal cortex.
Dramatic weight loss with rufinamide
Authors: Mourand Isabelle , Crespel Arielle , Gelisse Philippe 
Published: July 2012

SummaryRufinamide (RUF) is a novel antiepileptic drug considered as second‐line therapy in the treatment of Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome. Treatment‐emergent adverse events (AEs) have consisted mainly of drowsiness, irritability, vomiting, and loss of appetite. RUF is considered as a “weight‐neutral” drug. We found clinically significant weight loss in 7 of 15 consecutive adult patients (47%; 3 male, 4 female, aged 18–31 years) treated with RUF as add‐on therapy (800–2,400 mg/day: 23.5–57.1 mg/kg/day). The body mass index (BMI) decreased by 7.3–18.7%. Two patients were obese class I before RUF. Five patients (71%) were underweight before RUF (mild in one case, moderate in two cases, and severe in two cases). Four of these patients stopped RUF because of this adverse effect. RUF was recommenced in two patients using a lower and slower dosing strategy; one patient showed improvement in seizure control and no weight loss but RUF was re‐stopped in the second patient because of continued weight loss. Despite of weight loss, RUF was continued in two other patients because it reduced seizure activity. We primarily related weight loss to reduced food intake, that is, loss of appetite and nausea, although in two patients no obvious loss of appetite was reported. RUF can cause clinically significant weight loss in adult patients, even at low dose. This AE can affect patients who are already underweight. There is a possibility that lower starting doses and slower escalation might minimize weight loss, but further information is required to determine whether this is the case.
Reduction in delayed mortality and subtle improvement in retrograde memory performance in pilocarpine‐treated mice with conditional neuronal deletion of cyclooxygenase‐2 gene
Authors: Levin Jamie R. , Serrano Geidy , Dingledine Raymond 
Published: July 2012

SummaryPurpose:  Pilocarpine induces prolonged status epilepticus (SE) in rodents that results in neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits, both commonly observed to be associated with human temporal lobe epilepsy. The multifunctional neuronal modulator, cyclooxygenase‐2 (PTGS2 or COX‐2), is rapidly induced after SE, mainly in principal neurons of the hippocampal formation and cortex. We used mice in which COX‐2 is conditionally ablated in principal forebrain neurons to investigate the involvement of neuron‐derived COX‐2 in delayed mortality and performance in the Barnes maze.Methods:  Using the COX‐2 conditional knockout mouse (nCOX‐2 cKO) and their littermate wild‐type controls, we compared motor behavior and performance in the Barnes maze before and 3 weeks after the induction of SE by pilocarpine. Mortality rate was also measured during SE and in the week following SE.Key Findings:  nCOX‐2 cKO mice showed less delayed mortality than wild‐type mice in the week after SE. Although motor behavior and most cognitive measures were not different in the nCOX‐2 cKO, upon reexposure to the maze 3 weeks after pilocarpine, the latency to find the previously learned target hole was significantly shorter in the nCOX‐2 cKO than their wild‐type littermate controls. By this measure pilocarpine‐treated nCOX‐2 cKO mice were identical to mice that had not experienced SE.Significance:  Results point to a role for neuronal COX‐2 in delayed mortality in mice during the week following SE and suggest that neuronal COX‐2 contributes to selected cognitive deficits observed after SE. Taking into consideration our previous findings that neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation after SE are reduced in the nCOX‐2 cKO, and opening of the blood–brain barrier after pilocarpine is prevented, we conclude that neuronal COX‐2 induction is an early step in many of the deleterious consequences of SE.
Lateralization of temporal lobe epilepsy using resting functional magnetic resonance imaging connectivity of hippocampal networks
Authors: Morgan Victoria L. , Sonmezturk Hasan H. , Gore John C. , Abou‐Khalil Bassel 
Published: July 2012

SummaryPurpose:  Early surgical intervention can be advantageous in the treatment of refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The success of TLE surgery relies on accurate lateralization of the seizure onset. The purpose of this study was to determine whether resting functional MRI (fMRI) connectivity mapping of the hippocampus has the potential to complement conventional presurgical evaluations in distinguishing left from right TLE. In addition, we sought to determine whether this same network might separate patients with favorable from unfavorable postoperative outcomes.Methods:  Resting fMRI acquisitions were performed on 21 patients with TLE and 15 healthy controls. The patients included seven patients with left TLE and seven patients with right TLE with seizure‐free postoperative outcome, and five patients with left TLE and two patients with right TLE with recurring seizures after surgery. Functional connectivity maps to each hippocampus were determined for each subject and were compared between the controls and the seizure‐free patients with left TLE and with right TLE. The one network identified was then quantified in the patients with TLE and recurring seizures.Key Findings:  The resting functional connectivity between the right hippocampus and the ventral lateral nucleus of the right thalamus was the most statistically significant network to distinguish between seizure‐free patients with left TLE and with right TLE with high sensitivity and specificity. This connectivity was also significantly greater in the seizure‐free patients with left TLE than the healthy controls. Finally, six of the seven patients in whom seizures recurred after surgery had connectivity values in this network unlike those who were seizure‐free.Significance:  This study identified a region in the ventral lateral nucleus of the right thalamus whose connectivity to the hippocampi separates left from right TLE subjects. This suggests that the quantification of resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) connectivity across this network may be a potential indicator of lateralization of TLE that may be added to other presurgical MRI assessments. Further validation in a larger, independent cohort is required.
Events at blood collection area due to nonconforming blood bags and plateletpheresis kits: need for timely corrective and preventive actions
Authors: Verma Anupam , Sachan Deepti , Elhence Priti , Pandey Hem , Dubey Anju 
Published: July 2012

BACKGROUND: Good blood banking practice requires that every effort should be made to detect any deviation or defect in blood bank products and to identify any potential risk to blood donor or recipient(s). We report the findings of an exercise that provide an insight into why feedback from the user side is crucial.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Various events involving blood bags and plateletpheresis kits and the corresponding appropriate actions instituted for remedial measures were recorded. These scattered events were recorded for 6 months following the use of a new batch of improved blood bags with add‐on features. Several events related to plateletpheresis kits from three different manufacturers were also recorded for 1 year.RESULTS: The affected blood bags were utilized with no untoward incident. The complaint was closed following satisfactory response from the blood bag manufacturing company that acted in a timely manner in addressing the root causes of the problems. However, corrective and preventive actions (CAPA) could not be implemented for plateletpheresis kits. The rate of undesirable events was higher with plateletpheresis kits as compared with whole blood bags (1.75% vs. 0.06%).CONCLUSION: As defects or deviations that trigger the need for CAPA can stem from numerous sources, it is important to clearly identify and document the problems and level of risk so that appropriate investigations can be instituted and remedial actions can be taken in a timely manner. This study demonstrates the usefulness of a quality initiative to collate and analyze blood product faults in conjunction with blood product manufacturers.
Resistance to Melanaphis sacchari in the sugarcane cultivar R 365
Authors: Fartek B. , Nibouche S. , Turpin P. , Costet L. , Reynaud B. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThis study focuses on the resistance of sugarcane, Saccharum spec. (Poaceae), to the sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), which vectors Sugarcane yellow leaf virus (SCYLV). Resistance was characterized in cultivar R 365, using a 3‐year field trial and laboratory experiments on potted plantlets and excised leaves. R 365 reduced aphid populations in the field by antixenosis and antibiosis. Using the electrical penetration graph technique, we detected delayed aphid salivation in phloem and inhibition of passive phloem sap uptake in R 365. The resistance factors also proved to be effective against the corn leaf aphid, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), another vector of SCYLV.
Choice of oviposition sites by Manduca sexta and its consequences for egg and larval performance
Authors: Potter Kristen A. , Bronstein Judith , Davidowitz Goggy 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe preference‐performance hypothesis predicts that female insects should prefer to lay eggs in locations that enhance offspring performance. This study examines the choices of females regarding where to oviposit within plants, focusing on the hawkmoth Manduca sexta L. (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) and its host Datura wrightii Regel (Solanaceae) in the southwestern USA. Smaller Datura leaves provide cooler microclimates for eggs (which may lead to faster embryonic development, shortening their exposure to egg predators) and more nitrogen for larvae. In contrast, large leaves reach temperatures that are stressfully high (which slows embryonic development) and provide less nitrogen for larvae. Thus, we would expect females to oviposit on small leaves. To examine whether leaf size influences female preference and offspring performance, we used laboratory and field studies to address the following questions. (1) On what size leaves do females typically oviposit? (2) Does the distribution of eggs in nature differ from that expected by chance? And (3) how does leaf size affect survival or growth of eggs and larvae? We find that oviposition choices of females do not lead to the highest probability of offspring survival. Females lay eggs on larger leaves, likely due to the greater accessibility of those leaves; however, eggs are more likely to hatch on small leaves. Larvae grow faster on large leaves, but larvae are also surprisingly mobile, suggesting that the consequences of oviposition site are minor once eggs have hatched. Larval mobility was seen only in the field, not in the laboratory, emphasizing the importance of field studies for predicting real‐world performance. Although females' leaf choices are potentially risky for eggs, the threats of high temperature and predation may vary sufficiently in space and time that there is no consistent selection for strong preferences. Furthermore, the fitness consequences for eggs and larvae largely offset each other and offspring are sufficiently mobile to cope with the conditions where they are laid.
Immediate placement and restoration of implants in the aesthetic zone with a trimodal approach: soft tissue alterations and its relation to gingival biotype
Authors: Cabello Gustavo , Rioboo María , Fábrega Javier G. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the soft tissue changes around implants in the aesthetic zone, placed under a trimodal approach (immediate post‐extraction placement, flapless, and immediate provisional restoration) and its relationship to gingival/periodontal biotype of the patient.Materials and methodsThe sample consisted of 14 patients from two private practices that were in need of a tooth extraction in the anterior maxillary region (cuspid to cuspid) and were candidates to a replacement with a dental implant. An initial measurement (baseline) of the position or the mesial and distal papillae and gingival zenith was made at this time, with a rigid dental‐supported stent and an electronic precision caliper, able to the second tenth of a millimeter; after careful tooth extraction, the periodontal thickness, at a point 5 mm apical to de gingival buccal margin, with an analogical thickness gauge, able to one tenth of a millimeter. Once the implant was inserted an immediate provisional restoration was delivered. To evaluate the soft tissue changes measurements were repeated at 3, 6, and 12 months. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the changes in the gingival margin around the implant restorations and to identify a possible correlation to patient′s periodontal thickness.ResultsAll 14 patients received Straumann®implants (9 Tissue Level [TL] Regular Neck [RN], 2TLNarrow Neck [NN], 2 Bone Level [BL] Narrow Crossfit [NC], and 1BLRegular Crossfit [RC]). All implants integrated and none had any biological complications. Three provisional restorations presented screw loosening and retightened once and one loss retention and was recemented once. In one patient, with a severe bruxing habit, the final restoration suffered screw loosening and was retightened. Of the final restorations, 12 were screw‐retained and 2 cemented on custom‐made Zirconia abutments.A mean recession of the buccal margin of 0.45 mm was recorded at 12 months ( ± 0.25 mm). An acceptable papilla level was present in all cases at 1 year, with mean changes of 0.38 mm ( ± 0.60) for the mesial and 0.80 mm ( ± 0.90) of the distal papilla, respectively. No correlation could be established between the soft tissue changes and the periodontal biotype of the patient.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of this study, the good aesthetic outcome and minimal complications seem to validate the trimodal approach protocol as a reliable and simple protocol to place and restore immediate implants in the aesthetic zone. No correlation between the patient's gingival biotype and the soft tissue alterations could be established. Additional studies are needed to verify long‐term aesthetic results with this approach and to better define and quantify biotypes.
Cytomegalovirus‐induced cutaneous microangiopathy manifesting as lower limb ischemia in a human immunodeficiency virus‐infected patient
Authors: Molina‐Ruiz Ana M. , Luque Rafael , Zulueta Terasa , Bernabeu Jose , Requena Luis 
Published: July 2012

AbstractCutaneous infections by cytomegalovirus (CMV) are rare and often difficult to diagnose both clinically and histopathologically. A wide range of different clinical manifestations have been described in the literature, especially in immunosuppressed patients. CMV‐induced thrombosis has also been reported in these patients, and various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the role of CMV in the thrombotic process, including direct damage of the endothelial cells, activation of coagulation factors and inducing the production of antiphospholipid antibodies. We present the case of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected woman who developed distal ischemic lesions of the lower extremities during a generalized CMV infection. We discuss the role of CMV and antiphospholipid antibodies in the pathogenesis of thrombosis in immunosuppressed patients.
Experiences of Wiki topic teaching in postgraduate orthodontics: what do the learners think?
Authors: Ireland A. J. , Atack N. E. , Sandy J. R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractIntroductionTraditionally, the academic content of many 3‐year full‐time postgraduate courses in orthodontics in the UK has been delivered using tutorial and lecture‐based teaching. This is often teacher lead rather than learner centred. Even with the advent of teaching modules on the national virtual learning environment, although well liked by students, is still often teacher lead. An alternative on‐line approach to learner‐centred teaching is to use Wikis.Materials and methodsNine postgraduate students in the first term of their full‐time 3‐year specialist training programme at Bristol Dental School were divided into three groups and wrote a Wiki on three interrelated topics. This process was repeated in the second term using three different, but still interrelated topics. Following each, they were asked to give detailed feedback on their Wiki topic teaching.Results and discussionThe results showed that students felt writing the Wikis was useful for team work, provided a more learner‐centred approach, created a body of work in a live format that would be useful for revision and was a welcome variation on traditional teaching methods. The biggest problem encountered was the IT platform used to create the Wikis. The students also felt the Wikis should be assessed as a piece of group work rather than as separate individuals.ConclusionsWiki topic teaching is a useful tool in the teaching of postgraduate orthodontics providing variation and a more learner‐centred approach. Further exploration of the available IT platforms is required.
Maturation of forest edges is constrained by neighbouring agricultural land management
Authors: Chabrerie Olivier , Jamoneau Aurélien , Gallet‐Moron Emilie , Decocq Guillaume 
Published: July 2012

AbstractQuestions(i) Do species richness and turnover across forest edges change with edge age and management intensity of adjacent lands? (ii) Does edge species composition respond to aging and landscape management and what are the environmental factors explaining this response?LocationAgricultural landscapes of the Picardy region, N France.MethodsWe sampled forest edges differing in age (from a few decades to several centuries) and embedding landscape matrix (from slightly managed ‘bocages’ to intensively cultivated open fields). We recorded vascular plant species and a set of environment, landscape and historical variables along transects oriented perpendicularly to forest edges. We used mixed models to assess the impact of edge age and landscape type on edge species richness and turnover. We investigated the relationship between edge community composition and explanatory variables using redundancy analyses and a split‐plot design.ResultsSpecies richness decreased with both increased edge age and increased landscape management intensity, while species turnover was not influenced by any of these factors. Edge maturation was characterized by a specialization of the flora over the entire transect, which is likely a response to increased shade, litter layer thickness and soil acidity. As landscape management was more intensive, true forest species were replaced by nitrophilous and/or calciphilous non‐forest species, which might be more tolerant of agrochemical and lime drift and are able to disperse through a hostile matrix.ConclusionAlthough edge aging was associated with the progressive development of environmental gradients, especially light availability and litter thickness, plant communities poorly reflect these gradients under the constraint of neighbouring landscape management. On the contrary, the stronger the management intensity, the sharper the edge–interior gradient.
Human Cadaver Study Evaluating a New Measurement Technique for Graft Volumes after Sinus Floor Elevation
Authors: Platzer Susanne , Wildburger Angelika , Lorenzoni Martin , Jakse Norbert , Riedl Regina , Weiglein Andreas , Wegscheider Walther , Kirmeier Robert 
Published: July 2012

ABSTRACTPurpose: Volumetric data can be used as complementary information to characterize grafting materials. The aim of this cadaveric study was to analyze a noncommercial measurement technique based on the novel concept of an “interactive rigid registration algorithm” (IRRA). Parameters analyzed included the reproducibility of IRRA measurements and their reliability in comparison with the established measurement technique of “region growing segmentation thresholding” (RGST).Materials and Methods: Three human skulls were used to simulate a total of 18 sinus grafts, using three incremental grafting procedures in each sinus (three skulls × two sinuses × three grafting increments). Radiopaque impression material was used for the simulated grafts, whose volumes were recorded by computed tomography from three different tilt angles. The reproducibility of IRRA measurements and the reliability of volumetric results obtained with both the IRRA and RGST techniques were evaluated by appropriate intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland–Altman analysis.Results: ICC greater than 0.9 indicated close to perfect agreement of the results obtained with both methods and good reproducibility of the IRRA measurements. Bland–Altman analysis demonstrated good inter‐method and intramethod agreement.Conclusions: The IRRA measurement technique can be recommended as a noninvasive tool to evaluate graft volumes in human maxillary sinuses.