bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MEDIATING ROLE OF EDUCATION AND LIFESTYLES IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EARLY‐LIFE CONDITIONS AND HEALTH: EVIDENCE FROM THE 1958 BRITISH COHORT
Authors: Tubeuf Sandy , Jusot Florence , Bricard Damien 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTThe paper focuses on the long‐term effects of early‐life conditions with comparison to lifestyles and educational attainment on health status in a cohort of British people born in 1958. Using the longitudinal follow‐up data at age 23, 33, 42 and 46, we build a dynamic model to investigate the influence of each determinant on health and the mediating role of education and lifestyles in the relationship between early‐life conditions and later health. Direct and indirect effects of early‐life conditions on adult health are explored using auxiliary linear regressions of education and lifestyles and panel Probit specifications of self‐assessed health with random effects addressing individual unexplained heterogeneity. Our study shows that early‐life conditions are important parameters for adult health accounting for almost 20% of explained health inequality when mediating effects are identified. The contribution of lifestyles reduces from 32% down to 25% when indirect effects of early‐life conditions and education are distinguished. Noticeably, the absence of father at the time of birth and experience of financial hardships represent the lead factors for direct effects on health. The absence of obesity at 16 influences health both directly and indirectly working through lifestyles. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An exploration of decision support for drivers, inside and outside the vehicle
Authors: Drew Daniel A. , Hayes Caroline C. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and future promise of decision support systems (DSS A driving simulator study compared three DSSs: a dynamic road sign, displays on the side mirrors, and a vibrating seat (haptic).) inside the vehicle relative to a particular, well‐tested dynamic road sign external to the vehicle. Independent variables included display placement and modality (visual vs. haptic). Dependent variables included measurements of safe driving behavior and usability. A follow‐on focus group study was conducted to gain further insights into the results and improvement ideas. The vibrating seat yielded significantly better safety margins than the dynamic road sign. Haptic DSSs inside the vehicle may have more safety benefits than visual DSSs inside or outside the vehicle. Further investigation is needed to determine what properties of the haptic interface – reduced interference with visual driving tasks, message salience, simplicity, or some combination – are responsible for the advantage. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Examining the Effects of Conformal Terrain Features in Advanced Head‐Up Displays on Flight Performance and Pilot Situation Awareness
Authors: Kim Sang‐Hwan , Kaber David B. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractSynthetic vision systems (SVS) render terrain features for pilots through cockpit displays using a GPS database and three‐dimensional graphical models. Enhanced vision systems (EVS) present infrared imagery of terrain using a forward‐looking sensor in the nose of an aircraft. The ultimate goal of SVS and EVS technologies is to support pilots in achieving safety under low‐visibility and night conditions comparable to clear, day conditions. This study assessed pilot performance and situation awareness (SA) effects of SVS and EVS imagery in an advanced head‐up display (HUD) during a simulated landing approach under instrument meteorological conditions. Videos of the landing with various HUD configurations were presented to eight pilots with a superimposed tracking task. The independent variables included four HUD feature configurations (baseline [no terrain imagery], SVS, EVS, and a combination of SVS and EVS), two visibility conditions, and four legs of the flight. Results indicated that SVS increased overall SA but degraded flight path control performance because of visual confusion with other display features. EVS increased flight path control accuracy but decreased system (aircraft) awareness because of visual distractions. The combination of SVS and EVS generated offsetting effects. Display configurations did not affect pilot spatial awareness. Flight performance was not different among phases of the approach, but levels and types of pilot SA did vary from leg to leg. These results are applicable to development of adaptive HUD features to support pilot performance. They support the use of multidimensional measures of SA for insight on pilot information processing with advanced aviation displays. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Analytical approaches for thermal analysis of radiative fin with a step change in thickness and variable thermal conductivity
Authors: Torabi Mohsen , Yaghoobi Hessameddin 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this paper, heat transfer in a straight fin with a step change in thickness and variable thermal conductivity which is losing heat by radiation to its surroundings is analyzed. The calculations are carried out by using the differential transformation method (DTM) and variational iteration method (VIM) that can be applied to various types of differential equations. The results obtained employing the DTM and VIM are compared with a finite difference technique with Richardson extrapolation which is an accurate numerical solution to verify the accuracy of the proposed methods. As an important result, it is depicted that the DTM results are more accurate in comparison with those obtained by VIM. After these verifications the effects of parameters such as thickness parameter α, dimensionless fin semi‐thickness δ, length ratio λ, thermal conductivity parameter β, and radiation–conduction parameter Nr, on the temperature distribution and fin efficiency are illustrated and explained. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21000
Simulation of mixed convection heat transfer in a horizontal channel with an open cavity containing a heated hollow cylinder
Authors: Rahman M.M. , Parvin S. , Rahim N.A. , Hasanuzzaman M. , Saidur R. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to numerically investigate the mixed convective flow and heat transfer controlled by a heated hollow cylinder inside an open cavity attached with a horizontal channel. All the boundaries of the channel and cavity are perfectly insulated while the inner surface of the cylinder is heated uniformly by heat flux q. The equations of conservation of mass, momentum, and energy were solved using adequate boundary conditions by Galarkin's weighted residual finite element technique. The solution has been performed in the computational domain as a whole with proper treatment at the solid/fluid interface. Computations have been conducted for Ra = 103–105, Prandtl number Pr varying from 0.7 to 7 and ratio of solid to fluid thermal conductivities from 0.2 to 50. Results are presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, heat transfer rate in terms of the average Nusselt number (Nuav), drag force (D), and maximum bulk temperature (θmax). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21002
Water‐silver nanofluid application in a TPCT under an external magnetic field
Authors: Salehi H. , Zeinali Heris S. , Noie S.H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe efficiency of a two‐phase closed thermosyphon (TPCT) with a nanofluid as the working fluid under the effects of a magnetic field is investigated experimentally. In this study the silver/water nanofluid with different concentrations (20 ppm–80 ppm) was tested. Also a magnetic field with various strengths (0.12, 0.35, and 1.2 T) was exerted on the TPCT by a permanent magnet. It was seen that the TPCT heat transfer performance and the thermophysical properties of the base fluid are affected considerably by the nanoparticle addition and magnetic field. According to the experimental results the thermal efficiency of the thermosyphon increased significantly with the nanoparticle concentration increasing as well as the magnetic field strength. The TPCT showed better performance for the highest value of concentration (80 ppm) and magnetic field (1.2 T). Moreover, the experimental results present that the thermal efficiency in the presence of a magnetic field is somewhat increased. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/htj). DOI 10.1002/htj.21006
Adrenodoxin—A versatile ferredoxin
Authors: Ewen Kerstin Maria , Ringle Michael , Bernhardt Rita 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMammalian adrenodoxin (Adx) has been known for many years as an essential electron mediator in mitochondrial cytochrome P450 systems. Because of its ability to support several cytochrome P450 enzymes, it is involved not only in adrenal steroid hormone biosynthesis but also in vitamin D and bile acid metabolism. Recently, Adx is increasingly gaining attention because of its potential for pharmaceutical industry and biotechnology. With human cytochromes P450 becoming important drug targets, suitable Adx‐based screening systems have to be developed to test putative new drugs. Moreover, in artificial systems, Adx has been shown to functionally interact with diverse bacterial cytochromes P450 catalyzing a variety of chemically interesting reactions. Putative biotechnological applications of such Adx‐containing reconstituted systems are discussed. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2012
Recent progress in NMR spectroscopy: Toward the study of intrinsically disordered proteins of increasing size and complexity
Authors: Felli Isabella C. , Pierattelli Roberta 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThanks to recent fast progress, NMR is now in a strategic position to provide unique atomic resolution information on a variety of different biological macromolecules in different conditions (solution, solid state, in‐cell). We would like here to present recent developments that enable to focus on intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) or intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) of proteins of increasing size and complexity. They have attracted the attention of the scientific community challenging well accepted ideas and concepts and demanding an expansion of the structure function paradigm. © 2012 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2012.
Cysteine‐rich protein 61 (CCN1) mediates replicative senescence‐associated aberrant collagen homeostasis in human skin fibroblasts
Authors: Quan Taihao , Qin Zhaoping , Voorhees John J. , Fisher Gary J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractDermal fibroblasts produce a collagen‐rich extracellular matrix, which confers mechanical strength and resiliency to human skin. During aging, collagen production is reduced and collagen fragmentation is increased, which is initiated by matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP‐1). This aberrant collagen homeostasis results in net collagen deficiency, which impairs the structural integrity and function of skin. Cysteine‐rich protein 61 (CCN1), a member of the CCN family, negatively regulates collagen homeostasis, in primary human skin dermal fibroblasts. As replicative senescence is a form of cellular aging, we have utilized replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts to further investigate the connection between elevated CCN1 and aberrant collagen homeostasis. CCN1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly elevated in replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts. Replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts also expressed significantly reduced levels of type I procollagen and increased levels of MMP‐1. Knockdown of elevated CCN1 in senescent dermal fibroblasts partially normalized both type I procollagen and MMP‐1 expression. These data further support a key role of CCN1 in regulation of collagen homeostasis. Elevated expression of CCN1 substantially increased collagen lattice contraction and fragmentation caused by replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) further revealed collagen fibril fragmentation and disorganization were largely prevented by knockdown of CCN1 in replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts, suggesting CCN1 mediates MMP‐1‐induced alterations of collagen fibrils by replicative senescent dermal fibroblasts. Given the ability of CCN1 to regulate both production and degradation of type I collagen, it is likely that elevated‐CCN1 functions as an important mediator of collagen loss, which is observed in aged human skin. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3011–3018, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mps one binder 2 gene upregulation in the stellation of astrocytes induced by cAMP‐dependent pathway
Authors: Fang Kuan‐Min , Liu Yi‐Ying , Lin Cheng‐Han , Fan Seng‐Sheen , Tsai Chung‐Hua , Tzeng Shun‐Fen 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAstrocytes, the major glial population in the central nervous system (CNS), play an important role in neuronal homeostasis, neurogenesis, and synaptogenesis. The cells have a stellate shape with elaborated processes in the developing CNS. Cultured astrocytes become stellate when the cells undergo differentiation in response to stimuli. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism for astrocytic stellation is poorly understood. Here, we showed that the addition of serum induced a flat polygonal shape in cultured astrocytes with a reduced level of Mps one binder 2 (Mob2) that is involved in neurite growth by forming stable complex with a nuclear Ser/Thr kinase Dbf2‐related protein kinase 1 (NDR1). Furthermore, exposure to a membrane permeable cAMP analogue, dbcAMP, not only induced astrocytic stellation, but also caused an increase in Mob2 expression. Similarly, the upregulation of Mob2 mRNA expression was induced by exposure of astrocytes to pituitary adenylyl cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP). Pretreatment with a cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor, KT‐5720, significantly blocked the effect of dbcAMP and PACAP on induced upregulation of Mob2 mRNA expression in astrocytes. In addition, the process withdrawal of dbcAMP‐treated astrocytes was caused by the inhibition of Mob2 expression using lentivirus‐mediated Mob2 shRNA delivery system. Based on our findings, we suggest that Mob2 is involved in PKA signaling‐mediated astrocytic stellation. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3019–3028, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Peptide‐based activation of alpha5 integrin for promoting osteogenesis
Authors: Fromigué Olivia , Brun Julia , Marty Caroline , Da Nascimento Sophie , Sonnet Pascal , Marie Pierre J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractPromoting osteoblastogenesis remains a major challenge in disorders characterized by defective bone formation. We recently showed that the alpha 5 integrin subunit (ITGA5) is critically involved in human mesenchymal cell osteoblast differentiation. In this study, we determined the potential of pharmacological ITGA5 activation by a synthetic cyclic peptide (GA‐CRRETAWAC‐GA) on murine osteoblast differentiation and function in vitro and bone formation in vivo. Peptide‐mediated activation of ITGA5 in murine C3H10T1/2 mesenchymal cells resulted in the generation of the integrin‐mediated cell signals FAK and ERK1/2‐MAPKs. In vitro, peptide‐based activation of ITGA5 protected from cell apoptosis but did not affect cell adhesion or replication, while it enhanced the expression of the osteoblast marker genes Runx2 and type I collagen and increased extracellular matrix (ECM) mineralization as also found with bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (BMP2), a standard bone anabolic factor. When injected on adult mouse cranial bone for 3 weeks, the peptide‐mediated activation of ITGA5 increased bone thickness by twofold, an effect also induced by BMP2. Histomorphometric analysis showed that this anabolic effect resulted from decreased cell apoptosis and increased bone forming surfaces and bone formation rate (BFR). We conclude that pharmacological activation of ITGA5 in mesenchymal cells is effective in promoting de novo bone formation as a result of increased osteoprogenitor cell differentiation into osteoblasts and increased cell protection from apoptosis. This peptide‐based approach could be used therapeutically to promote the osteogenic capacity of osteoblast progenitor cells and to induce de novo bone formation in conditions where osteoblastogenesis is compromised. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 3029–3038, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effectiveness of an ACT Informed Intervention for Managing Stress and Improving Therapist Qualities in Clinical Psychology Trainees
Authors: Stafford‐Brown Johanna , Pakenham Kenneth I. 
Published: May 2012

ObjectivesClinical psychology trainees (CPTs) are vulnerable to high stress, which can adversely affect their personal and professional functioning. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a group acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) informed stress management intervention for CPTs.DesignOutcome measures were work‐related stress, distress, life satisfaction, counseling self‐efficacy, self‐compassion, and therapeutic alliance. A cohort‐controlled design, where an experimental group (n = 28) was compared with a waitlist control group (n = 28), was utilized, with a 10‐week follow‐up.ResultsGroup comparisons showed statistically significant intervention effects for the main outcome measures, which were maintained at follow‐up. Mediational analyses showed that changes on most outcomes were mediated by ACT mindfulness and acceptance processes.ConclusionsFindings support the effectiveness of a group ACT program for CPTs regarding stress reduction and improving therapist qualities.
Simulation of the Indian summer monsoon regional climate using advanced research WRF model
Authors: Srinivas C. V. , Hariprasad D. , Bhaskar Rao D. V. , Anjaneyulu Y. , Baskaran R. , Venkatraman B. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this study, the performance of the weather research and forecasting (WRF) ARW regional model was evaluated for simulating the regional scale precipitation during Indian summer monsoon (ISM) at 30 km resolution over seven different homogeneous rainfall zones falling under different climatic (perhumid, humid, dry/moist subhumid, dry/moist semiarid, arid) regions of India. Seasonal scale simulations were made for ten summers (JJAS months) over 2000‐2009 using the boundary conditions derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data. Sensitivity experiments were conducted with three convection schemes (Kain‐Fritsch, KF; Betts‐Millor‐Janjic, BMJ; Grell‐Devenyi, GD). Simulated regional climate was evaluated by comparison of precipitation with 0.5° India Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded rainfall data over land, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall data over the ocean and atmospheric circulation fields with 1° NCEP global final analysis (FNL). Although all the simulations showed spatio‐temporal rainfall patterns, BMJ had least bias towards dryness whereas KF had moist bias and GD had higher dry bias. BMJ could simulate low, moderate and high rainfall reasonably well with relatively higher correlations and threat scores, lower bias and mean absolute errors in most zones as compared to better simulation of heavy precipitation events with KF and low rainfall days alone with GD scheme. The better performance of BMJ scheme is evident owing to better simulation of surface pressure, temperature, and geopotential, lower and upper atmospheric flow fields. Simulations revealed a relatively less intensive heat, weaker low‐level westerly winds, weaker north‐south geopotential gradients, weaker subtropical easterlies in the El Niño years than in the La Niña years, which indicate the model is able to simulate the interannual variations in monsoon characteristics. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society
Infinitely many positive solutions for a differential inclusion problem involving the p(x)‐Laplacian
Authors: Bin Ge , QingMei Zhou 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn this paper, we study a differential inclusion problem involving p(x)‐Laplacian. By nonsmooth variational methods and the theory of the variable exponent Sobolev spaces, we establish the existence of infinitely many positive solutions of the problem under suitable oscillatory assumptions on the potential j at zero or at infinity.
Function spaces on singular manifolds
Authors: Amann H. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIt is shown that most of the well‐known basic results for Sobolev‐Slobodeckii and Bessel potential spaces, known to hold on bounded smooth domains in \documentclass{article}\usepackage{amssymb}\begin{document}\pagestyle{empty}${\mathbb R}^n$\end{document}, continue to be valid on a wide class of Riemannian manifolds with singularities and boundary, provided suitable weights, which reflect the nature of the singularities, are introduced. These results are of importance for the study of partial differential equations on piece‐wise smooth domains.
Does Friendship Help in Personal Selling? The Contingent Effect of Outcome Favorability
Authors: Ho Hillbun (Dixon) 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTAlthough widespread belief holds that salespeople can leverage their personal relationships with prospective customers to gain business, previous research has not investigated the implications of friendships between salespeople and customers for customers’ postpurchase satisfaction and fairness judgment. Findings from two experiments show that friendships benefit salespeople only when the outcome of the transaction is unfavorable. Specifically, when salespeople and customers are close friends rather than acquaintances, the customers perceive an unfavorable outcome as relatively more fair and satisfactory, but such an effect does not occur when the outcome of the transaction is favorable. This paper also shows that customers’ perceived fairness mediates the interaction effect between friendship and the favorability of transaction outcome on customer satisfaction. In summary, this paper advances the understanding of the implications of salesperson–customer friendships for customers’ postpurchase evaluations.
To Be or Not to Be Price Conscious—a Segment‐Based Analysis of Compromise Effects in Market‐Like Framings
Authors: Müller Holger , Vogt Bodo , Kroll Eike B. 
Published: May 2012

ABSTRACTNumerous researchers have investigated the compromise effect, according to which a middle option of a consideration set is assumed to be perceived more attractive by consumers, thus becoming more likely to be chosen than the extreme options. However, a closer examination of the experimental designs that were used in previous studies on compromise effects clearly reveals a lack of realism in terms of forced choices between fictitious options in hypothetical choice settings of student samples. This article reports two consecutively implemented studies demonstrating that the compromise effect is robust even in an enhanced design that incorporates basic conditions of real purchase decisions in laboratory‐based experiments. Specifically, the relative share of the middle option increases significantly in an overall analysis when experienced consumers make unforced decisions between real brands in a binding choice context. However, segmented analysis indicates substantial differences, meaning that (1) the compromise effect is strong and significant among quality‐seeking consumers, whereas (2) the compromise effect is weak and insignificant among price‐conscious subjects.