bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Major nappe-like D2 folds in the Dalradian rocks of the Beinn Udlaidh area, Central Highlands, Scotland
Authors: Tanner P. W. Geoff , Thomas Peter R. 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTTwo regional-scale, recumbent folds control the structure of the Beinn Udlaidh area, Tyndrum, Perthshire. They reached their maximum development during D2, following the regional metamorphic peak, and are part of a stack of larger SE-facing recumbent folds formed during the ∼470 Ma Grampian Orogeny. The rocks belong to the Neoproterozoic–Lower Ordovician Dalradian Supergroup, and preserve a sedimentary transition between the Grampian Group and the overlying Appin Group. The latter occupies the core of the S-facing, recumbent Beinn Udlaidh Syncline (D2) which, with the underlying complementary Glen Lochy Anticline, is gently folded by a regional-scale structure, the Orchy Dome. The recumbent folds postdate an early fabric (S1), which is generally obliterated by the D2 imprint, but preserved as inclusion trails in regional metamorphic garnets, that are highly oblique to, and wrapped by, S2. It is concluded that the Dalradian rocks described here from below the Iltay Boundary Slide are in structural continuity with those of the Tay Nappe above, and that the Slide represents a structurally-modified disconformity between the Leven Schist (Appin Group) and the overlying Ben Lui Schist (Argyll Group). The Orchy Dome probably influenced the spatial distribution of minor intrusions and explosion vents of the lamprophyre suite.
Installation and diagnostics of a girder-system mockup for Taiwan Photon Source
Authors: Hsu K. H. , Tseng T. C. , Perng S. Y. , Lai W. Y. , Lin C. J. , Tsai Y. L. , Syu J. C. , Chen M. L. , Ho H. C. , Wang H. S. , Chen J. R. 
Published: November 2010

Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), a new 3 GeV synchrotron ring, is under construction at National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC). To discover problems of design, manufacture and installation, a mockup of 1/24 section (one cell) of TPS was installed at NSRRC. A modified, precise, six-axis, prototype girder system of this mockup composed of three girders was fabricated. We discuss both the installation of the girder system and its diagnostics, and present the results including measurement of the dimensions of the components of the girder system and the vibration tests.
Effect of antisense oligodeoxynudeotide targeted against NF-κB/P65 on cell proliferation and tumorgenesis of gastric cancer
Authors: Li Qi , Yu Yingyan , Gao Yong , jiang Hong , Zhu Zhenggang 
Published: November 2010

AbstractGastric cancer is still a major health problem worldwide due to its frequency, poor prognosis and limited treatment options. To study the inhibitory effect of nuclear transcription factor kappa B(NF-κB) antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(ASODN) on the growth and tumorgenesis of human gastric cancer, we synthesis and transfect ASODN of NF-κB/P65 to gastric cancer cell line. The effect of ASODN of NF-κB/P65 on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells was measured by MTT method. The subcutaneous xenograft model of human gastric cancer was established in nude mice and the tumor growth curve was observed. The cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in P65 ASODN transfected group in vitro (P<0.05). In vivo, tumor formation test showed that the tumor volume in nude mice in ASODN group was obviously smaller than in other groups (P<0.05), the apoptosis index (AI) was significantly higher (P<0.001). Stimultaneously, MVD in ASODN group was markedly lower than in other groups (P<0.01). Our findings suggest that P65 ASODN can inhibit gastric cancer cells proliferation and tumorgenesis by inducing cell apoptosis and inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. NF-κB can be used as a new biological therapeutic target of gastric cancer.
Charting the NF-kB pathway interactome map
Authors: Tieri Paolo , Termanini Alberto , Bellavista Elena , Salvioli Stefano , Franceschi Claudio 
Published: November 2010

AbstractOne of the phenomena observed in human aging is the progressive increase of a systemic inflammatory state, a condition referred to as “inflammaging”, negatively correlated with longevity. The five components of the Nuclear Factor kB (NF-kB) family are prominent mediators of inflammation. Several different signaling pathways activated by very diverse stimuli converge on NF-kB, resulting in a regulatory system characterized by high complexity. It is increasingly recognized that the number of components that impinges upon phenotypic outcomes of signal transduction pathways may be higher than those taken into consideration from canonical pathway representations. Scope of this analysis is to provide a wider, systemic picture of such intricate signaling system.
FILTREST3D: discrimination of structural models using restraints from experimental data
Authors: Gajda Michal J. , Tuszynska Irina , Kaczor Marta , Bakulina Anastasia Yu. , Bujnicki Janusz M. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Summary: Automatic methods for macromolecular structure prediction (fold recognition, de novo folding and docking programs) produce large sets of alternative models. These large model sets often include many native-like structures, which are often scored as false positives. Such native-like models can be more easily identified based on data from experimental analyses used as structural restraints (e.g. identification of nearby residues by cross-linking, chemical modification, site-directed mutagenesis, deuterium exchange coupled with mass spectrometry, etc.). We present a simple server for scoring and ranking of models according to their agreement with user-defined restraints.
Availability: FILTREST3D is freely available for users as a web server and standalone software at: http://filtrest3d.genesilico.pl/
Contact: iamb@genesilico.pl
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Comorbid HIV and Myasthenia Gravis: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Knopf Lisa , Menkes Daniel L 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

A 27-year-old woman without known risk factors contracted HIV and was given highly active antiretroviral therapy in 2006. She subsequently developed myasthenia gravis (MG) that responded to treatment with pyridostigmine bromide and azathioprine. The medical literature, consisting primarily of case reports, indicates that MG occurs in relatively immunocompetent HIV-infected persons who generally present with mild MG symptoms. As such, we recommend a high index of suspicion for MG in HIV-infected patients presenting with fatigue and weakness, especially those receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.
Prolonged Improvement After Rituximab: Two Cases of Resistant Muscle-Specific Receptor Tyrosine Kinase + Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Burusnukul Prinyarat , Brennan Thomas D , Cupler Edward J 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Forty percent to 50% of acetylcholine receptor antibody-seronegative patients with myasthenia gravis have muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase antibodies. Many muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase + myasthenia gravis patients remain refractory with conventional therapies. Rituximab is an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody used in refractory B-cell disorders. Currently there is no standard dosing schedule for rituximab. We present two muscle-specific receptor tyrosine kinase + myasthenia gravis patients clinically refractory to conventional therapy who, after a single course of rituximab, became asymptomatic and discontinued all medication.
Probability and predictors of remission from life‐time nicotine, alcohol, cannabis or cocaine dependence: results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Authors: Lopez‐Quintero Catalina , Hasin Deborah S. , de los Cobos José Pérez , Pines Abigail , Wang Shuai , Grant Bridget F. , Blanco Carlos 
Published: November 2010

ABSTRACTAim  To estimate the general and racial/ethnic specific cumulative probability of remission from nicotine alcohol cannabis or cocaine dependence, and to identify predictors of remission across substances.Design  Data were collected from structured diagnostic interviews using the Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule—DSM‐IV version.Setting  The 2001–2002 National Epidemiological Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) surveyed a nationally representative sample from US adults (n = 43 093) selected in a three‐stage sampling design.Participants  The subsamples of individuals with life‐time DSM‐IV diagnosis of dependence on nicotine (n = 6937), alcohol (n = 4781), cannabis (n = 530) and cocaine (n = 408).Measurements  Cumulative probability estimates of dependence remission for the general population and across racial/ethnic groups. Hazard ratios for remission from dependence.Findings  Life‐time cumulative probability estimates of dependence remission were 83.7% for nicotine, 90.6% for alcohol, 97.2% for cannabis and 99.2% for cocaine. Half of the cases of nicotine, alcohol, cannabis and cocaine dependence remitted approximately 26, 14, 6 and 5 years after dependence onset, respectively. Males, Blacks and individuals with diagnosis of personality disorders and history of substance use comorbidity exhibited lower hazards of remission for at least two substances.Conclusions  A significant proportion of individuals with dependence on nicotine, alcohol, cannabis or cocaine achieve remission at some point in their life‐time, although the probability and time to remission varies by substance and racial/ethnic group. Several predictors of remission are shared by at least two substances, suggesting that the processes of remission overlap. The lower rates of remission of individuals with comorbid personality or substance use disorders highlight the need for providing coordinated psychiatric and substance abuse interventions.
Monoclonal antibodies to B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) have no effect on in vitro B cell proliferation and act to inhibit in vitro T cell proliferation when presented in a cis, but not trans, format relative to the activating stimulus
Authors: Zhang M , Howard K , Winters A , Steavenson S , Anderson S , Smelt S , Doellgast G , Sheelo C , Stevens J , Kim H , Hamburger A , Sein A , Caughey D J , Lee F , Hsu H , Siu G , Byrne F R 
Published: November 2010

Summary
B and T lymphocyte attenuator (BTLA) is an immunoglobulin superfamily member surface protein expressed on B and T cells. Its ligand, herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), is believed to act as a monomeric agonist that signals via the CRD1 of HVEM to inhibit lymphocyte activation: HVEM is also the receptor for lymphotoxin-α and LIGHT, which both bind in the CRD2 and CRD3 domains of the HVEM molecule, and for CD160 which competes with BTLA. We have shown that recombinant HVEM and a panel of different monoclonal antibodies specifically bind murine BTLA on both B and T cells and that some antibodies inhibit anti-CD3ε-induced T cell proliferation in vitro, but only when constrained appropriately with a putatively cross-linking reagent. The antibodies had no significant effect on in vitro T cell proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) assay nor on in vitro DO11.10 antigen-induced T cell proliferation. None of these antibodies, nor HVEM-Fc, had any significant effect on in vitro B cell proliferation induced by anti-immunoglobulin M antibodies (±anti-CD40) or lipopolysaccharide. We further elucidated the requirements for inhibition of in vitro T cell proliferation using a beads-based system to demonstrate that the antibodies that inhibited T cell proliferation in vitro were required to be presented to the T cell in a cis, and not trans, format relative to the anti-CD3ε stimulus. We also found that antibodies that inhibited T cell proliferation in vitro had no significant effect on the antibody captured interleukin-2 associated with the in vivo activation of DO11.10 T cells transferred to syngeneic recipient BALB/c mice. These data suggest that there may be specific structural requirements for the BTLA molecule to exert its effect on lymphocyte activation and proliferation.
The mode of actions of the Adacolumn therapeutic leucocytapheresis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a concise review
Authors: Hanai H , Takeda Y , Eberhardson M , Gruber R , Saniabadi A R , Winqvist O , Lofberg R 
Published: November 2010

SummaryPatients with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have elevated and activated myeloid leucocytes which infiltrate the colonic mucosa in vast numbers. Myeloid leucocytes such as the CD14+CD16+ monocytes are major sources of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and therefore selective granulocyte/monocyte (GM) adsorption (GMA) should promote remission or enhance efficacy of pharmacological therapy. However, studies in IBD have reported both impressive as well as disappointing efficacy outcomes, indicating that patients' demographic factors might determine responders or non-responders to GMA. Nonetheless, this non-drug intervention has an excellent safety profile, and therapeutic GMA is expected to expand. In this review, attempts have been made to compile an update on the mode of actions (MoA) of the Adacolumn GMA. The MoA of GMA appears to be more than adsorption of excess neutrophils and TNF-producing CD14+CD16+ monocytes per se. Adsorbed GMs release interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist, hepatocyte growth factor and soluble TNF receptors, which are anti-inflammatory. Additionally, a sustained increase in lymphocytes including the regulatory CD4+CD25+ T cells (lymphocyte sparing) is seen post-GMA. The impact of GMA on the immune system is potentially very interesting in the context of treating immune-related diseases. Future studies are expected to add intriguing insights to the MoA of GMA.
Clinical significance and prognostic value of chromatin assembly factor‐1 overexpression in human solid tumours
Authors: Polo Sophie E , Theocharis Stamatios E , Grandin Laure , Gambotti Laetitia , Antoni Guillemette , Savignoni Alexia , Asselain Bernard , Patsouris Efstratios , Almouzni Geneviève 
Published: November 2010

Polo S E, Theocharis S E, Grandin L, Gambotti L, Antoni G, Savignoni A, Asselain B, Patsouris E & Almouzni G (2010) Histopathology 57, 716–724 Clinical significance and prognostic value of chromatin assembly factor‐1 overexpression in human solid tumoursAims:  Chromatin assembly factor‐1 (CAF‐1), whose function is critical for maintaining chromatin stability during DNA replication and repair, has been identified as a proliferation marker in breast cancer. The aim was to investigate CAF‐1 as a proliferation marker in a wide variety of solid tumours, and to assess its potential value in predicting clinical outcome.Methods and results:  Using immunocytochemistry on paraffin‐embedded tissue sections, the CAF‐1 labelling index was compared with known proliferation markers Ki‐67 and minichromosome maintenance (MCM), and its association with clinicopathological data and patients’ outcome analysed. CAF‐1 expression showed a strong positive correlation with Ki‐67, used routinely to detect proliferating cells, while it generally displayed weaker correlations with MCM markers, known to label cells with replicative potential. CAF‐1 expression was associated significantly with histological grade in breast, cervical, endometrial and renal cell carcinomas, and with disease stage in endometrial and renal carcinomas. Furthermore, high expression of CAF‐1 was an independent predictor of adverse clinical outcome in renal, endometrial and cervical carcinomas.Conclusions:  CAF‐1 is a proliferation marker in various malignant tumours with prognostic value in renal, endometrial and cervical carcinomas, which supports the value of CAF‐1 as a clinical marker of cancer progression.
Immunohistochemical detection of arginine methylated proteins (MeRP) in archival tissues
Authors: Vezzalini Marzia , Aletta John M , Beghelli Stefania , Moratti Elisabetta , Della Peruta Marco , Mafficini Andrea , Mojica Wilfrido D , Mombello Aldo , Scarpa Aldo , Sorio Claudio 
Published: November 2010

Vezzalini M, Aletta J M, Beghelli S, Moratti E, Della Peruta M, Mafficini A, Mojica W D, Mombello A, Scarpa A & Sorio C (2010) Histopathology57, 725–733  Immunohistochemical detection of arginine methylated proteins (MeRP) in archival tissuesAims: To (i) determine whether methylarginine‐specific antibodies can be employed for standard immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin‐embedded tissues, (ii) analyse methylarginine expression in normal and neoplastic tissues and (iii) correlate methylarginine expression with that of protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT1), the predominant cellular arginine methyltransferase.Methods and results: Immunohistochemistry of normal and cancer tissues was performed utilizing three commercial polyclonal antibodies: anti‐methylarginine‐specific antibody (anti‐mRG) raised against a methylarginine peptide, Control antibody (anti‐RG), a control antiserum raised against a corresponding arginine peptide without any methylated residues and anti‐PRMT1. Nuclear and/or cytoplasmic methylarginine expression was detected in all keratinized and non‐keratinized epithelia. A preliminary survey of a series of thyroid, pancreatic, colonic and gastric cancers identified a different pattern of methylarginine expression in comparison with normal tissue. A correlation between methylarginine staining and PRMT1 expression was found in all normal and cancer tissues analysed.Conclusion: Methylarginine‐specific antibodies are capable of recognizing methylarginine proteins (MeRP) in paraffin‐embedded tissues. Methylarginine proteins are expressed widely and show differences in subcellular localization in various organs and neoplastic conditions. The efficient detection of methylproteins by standard immunohistochemistry provides a new tool to investigate the role of methylarginine proteins (MeRP) in biological processes including carcinogenesis.
Deregulation of miR‐519a, 153, and 485‐5p and its clinicopathological relevance in ovarian epithelial tumours
Authors: Kim Tae Heon , Kim Yu Kyung , Kwon Youngdo , Heo Jin Hyung , Kang Haeyoun , Kim Gwangil , An Hee Jung 
Published: November 2010

Kim T H, Kim Y K, Kwon Y, Heo J H, Kang H, Kim G & An H J (2010) Histopathology57, 734–743  Deregulation of miR‐519a, 153, and 485‐5p and its clinicopathological relevance in ovarian epithelial tumoursAims:  The pathological and clinical significance of aberrant miRNA expression in ovarian tumours has yet to be adequately documented. The aim of this study was to assess the differences in miRNA expression of human ovarian tumours according to histological subtype, and to determine whether miRNAs are potential diagnostic and prognostic markers in ovarian cancers.Method and results:  The miRNA expression profiles of 103 human ovarian tumours were evaluated. Via a bead‐based miRNA microarray, five aberrant miRNAs were selected which were expressed differentially in malignant serous tumours from borderline and benign ovarian tumours, including miRNA (miR)‐519a, miR‐18b (up‐regulation) and miR‐153, miR‐511 and miR‐485‐5p (down‐regulation). We conducted quantitative real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (qRT–PCR) in order to confirm that these miRNAs are differentially expressed in different histological subtypes of ovarian tumours, and compared the expression profiles of these miRNAs between different clinical subsets. The expression of these miRNAs was correlated with clinicopathological parameters. miR‐519a, miR‐153 and miR‐485‐5p were differentially expressed in four major histotypes of ovarian cancers (P < 0.05), which suggests that they might be of potential importance as diagnostic biomarkers. Down‐regulation of miR‐153 and miR‐485‐5p was correlated significantly with FIGO grade 3 (P < 0.05). Down‐regulation of miR‐153 and up‐regulation of miR‐519a were correlated significantly with advanced clinical stage (P < 0.05). The results of Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that the higher expression of miR‐519a in late stage serous carcinoma was associated significantly with poor progression‐free survival (P = 0.0058).Conclusions:  A significant correlation was detected between the deregulation of specific types of miRNAs, such as miR‐519a, miR‐153 and miR‐485‐5p, and clinical variables as well as histological subtypes in ovarian cancers. Hence, these miRNAs may perform functions as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers.
Therapeutic molecular targets in human chondrosarcoma
Authors: Jamil Nuor , Howie Sarah , Salter Donald M. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryChondrosarcomas are malignant cartilage tumours. They are poorly responsive to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Treatment is usually limited to surgical resection; however, survival of patients with high‐grade chondrosarcoma is poor, even with wide surgical resection. Induction of apoptosis in chondrosarcoma cells, either directly or by enhancement of the response to chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation, may be a route by which outcome can be improved. In this article, we review potential molecular targets that regulate chondrocyte apoptosis and discuss the experimental evidence for their utility.
The fertility restorer gene, Rf2, for Lead Rice‐type cytoplasmic male sterility of rice encodes a mitochondrial glycine‐rich protein
Authors: Itabashi Etsuko , Iwata Natsuko , Fujii Sota , Kazama Tomohiko , Toriyama Kinya 
Published: November 2010

SummaryCytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is associated with a mitochondrial mutation that causes an inability to produce fertile pollen. The fertility of CMS plants is restored in the presence of a nuclear‐encoded fertility restorer (Rf) gene. In Lead Rice‐type CMS, discovered in the indica variety ‘Lead Rice’, fertility of the CMS plant is restored by the single nuclear‐encoded gene Rf2 in a gametophytic manner. We performed map‐based cloning of Rf2, and proved that it encodes a protein consisting of 152 amino acids with a glycine‐rich domain. Expression of Rf2 mRNA was detected in developing and mature anthers. An RF2–GFP fusion was shown to be targeted to mitochondria. Replacement of isoleucine by threonine at amino acid 78 of the RF2 protein was considered to be the cause of functional loss in the rf2 allele. As Rf2 does not encode a pentatricopeptide repeat protein, unlike a majority of previously identified Rf genes, the data from this study provide new insights into the mechanism for restoring fertility in CMS.
Polycomb proteins regulate the quantitative induction of VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 in response to low temperatures
Authors: Jean Finnegan E. , Bond Donna M. , Buzas Diana M. , Goodrich Justin , Helliwell Christopher A. , Tamada Yosuke , Yun Jae‐Young , Amasino Richard M. , Dennis Elizabeth S. 
Published: November 2010

SummaryVernalization, the promotion of flowering in response to low temperatures, is one of the best characterized examples of epigenetic regulation in plants. The promotion of flowering is proportional to the duration of the cold period, but the mechanism by which plants measure time at low temperatures has been a long‐standing mystery. We show that the quantitative induction of the first gene in the Arabidopsis vernalization pathway, VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3), is regulated by the components of Polycomb Response Complex 2, which trimethylates histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3). In differentiated animal cells, H3K27me3 is mostly associated with long‐term gene repression, whereas, in pluripotent embyonic stem cells, many cell lineage‐specific genes are inactive but exist in bivalent chromatin that carries both active (H3K4me3) and repressive (H3K27me3) marks on the same molecule. During differentiation, bivalent domains are generally resolved to an active or silent state. We found that H3K27me3 maintains VIN3 in a repressed state prior to cold exposure; this mark is not removed during VIN3 induction. Instead, active VIN3 is associated with bivalently marked chromatin. The continued presence of H3K27me3 ensures that induction of VIN3 is proportional to the duration of the cold, and that plants require prolonged cold to promote the transition to flowering. The observation that Polycomb proteins control VIN3 activity defines a new role for Polycomb proteins in regulating the rate of gene induction.