bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hierarchical porous carbon materials for lithium storage: preparation, modification, and applications
Authors: Ying Jiaping , Yin Ruilian , Zhao Zixu , Zhang Xiaoyu , Feng Wen , Peng Jian , Liang Chu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Secondary battery as an efficient energy conversion device has been highly attractive for alleviating the energy crisis and environmental pollution. Hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials with multiple sizes pore channels are considered as promising materials for energy conversion and storage applications, due to their high specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity. Although many reviews have reported on carbon materials for different fields, systematic summaries about HPC materials for lithium storage are still rare. In this review, we first summarize the main preparation methods of HPC materials, including hard template method, soft template method, and template-free method. The modification methods including porosity and morphology tuning, heteroatom doping, and multiphase composites are introduced systematically. Then, the recent advances in HPC materials on lithium storage are summarized. Finally, we outline the challenges and future perspectives for the application of HPC materials in lithium storage.
Experimental-numerical study on axial compression performance of square concrete columns confined by new-type BFRP
Authors: Chen Lin Song , Shen Hui Jun , Zheng He Hui , Zhang Long 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Facing the substantial protection requirements for reinforced concrete structures exposed to severe erosion conditions, a novel composite material(Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer, BFRP) based on epoxy silicone resin as a matrix was introduced in this study. This material exhibits notable enhancements in resistance to acid and alkali corrosion, ultraviolet irradiation, as well as high and low temperature extremes. However, it exhibits lower elastic modulus and higher ductility. To evaluate the effectiveness of this new BFRP composite material in reinforced concrete structures, a comprehensive investigation was conducted by model testing, numerical simulations, and theoretical analysis. This study analyzed the impact of wrapping configuration, number of wrapping layers, concrete strength, and spacing-to-bandwidth ratio on the mechanical properties of concrete square columns. The findings revealed that the loading curve trends for specimens reinforced with the new BFRP sheet and CFRP sheet (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer, CFRP) were almost similar, although the reinforcement effect was comparatively worse for the former. When both layers were fully applied, the axial compression bearing capacity increased by 28.45% and 64.73%, respectively. The number of wrapping layers and the parameters related to concrete strength significantly influenced the reinforcement effect, whereas the influence of spacing-to-bandwidth parameters was less pronounced. Current specifications demonstrate suitable applicability for CFRP-reinforced specimens but limited applicability for BFRP. The calculation model proposed in this paper accurately predicted the axial compression bearing capacity of a new BFRP-reinforced columns, with an error margin kept within 5%.
Nonlinear dynamics of a double pendulum energy harvesting device for continuously rotating systems
Authors: Zaouali Emine , Najar Fehmi , Kacem Najib 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During operation, rotating systems develop a significant amount of kinetic energy that can be used for energy harvesting applications. However, this energy is hardly harnessed for the rotating body itself. In this work, it is proposed that a pendulum device connected to a DC generator can be an effective way to use part of the kinetic energy from continuously rotating devices. A double pendulum harvester mounted on a rotating body is experimentally and analytically analyzed. Different rotation speeds are used to evaluate the pendulum dynamics, along with the harvested energy. The results indicate that the system response can be classified into three distinct dynamic regimes based on the rotational speed. An analytical model is derived and used to analyze these regimes under different excitation conditions. It is experimentally shown that, at constant angular velocity, the double pendulum device can reach a maximum harvested power of 9.5 mW at 90 rpm. The analytical results prove that multiple period doubling bifurcations are observed as the rotation speed of the disk in slowly increased using a chirp type signal. Alike to experimental observations, chaotic-type response is detected by the analytical model, at rotation speeds similar to those observed experimentally.
Overview of nanoparticles for the rapid diagnosis and effective treatment of bacterial pathogens in clinical settings
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Tang Yu-Rong , Du Yan , Yuan Quan , Wen Xin-Ru , Tang Jia-Wei , Wang Ji-Liang , Zhang Xiao , Wang Liang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens are currently a significant problem for global public health. Rapid diagnosis and effective treatment of clinically significant bacterial pathogens can prevent, control, and inhibit infectious diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop selective and accurate diagnostic methods for bacterial pathogens and clinically effective treatment strategies for infectious diseases. In recent years, developing novel nanoparticles has dramatically facilitated the rapid and accurate diagnosis of bacterial pathogens and the precise treatment of contagious diseases. In this review, we systematically investigated a variety of nanoparticles currently applied in the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial pathogens, from synthesis procedures to structural characterization and then to biological functions. In particular, we first discussed the current progress in applying representative nanoparticles for bacterial pathogen diagnostics. The potential nanoparticle-based treatment for the control of bacterial infections was then carefully explored. We also discussed nanoparticles as a drug delivery method for reducing antibiotic global adverse effects and eradicating bacterial biofilm formation. Furthermore, we studied the highly effective nanoparticles for therapeutic applications in terms of safety issues. Finally, a concise and insightful discussion of nanoparticles’ limitations, challenges, and perspectives for diagnosing and eradicating bacterial pathogens in clinical settings was conducted to provide a direction for future development.
Can quantum theory be underpinned by a non-local hidden variable theory?
Authors: Dalton B J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper we consider the description by a general Bell-type non-local hidden variable theory of bipartite quantum states with two observables per sub-system. We derive Bell inequalities of the Collins-Gisin.-Liden-Massar-Popescu type which involve combinations of the probabilities of related outcomes for measurements for the four pairs of sub-system observables. It is shown that the corresponding quantum theory expressions violate the Bell inequalities in the case of the maximally entangled state of the bipartitite system. The CHSH Bell inequality is also derived from this general CGLMP Bell-type non-local hidden variable theory. This shows that quantum theory can not be underpinned by a Bell-type non-local hidden variable theory. So as a general Bell-type local hidden variable theory has already been shown to conflict with quantum theory, it follows that quantum theory can not be understood in terms of any CGLMP Bell-type hidden variable theory—local or non-local.
Effect of boron-doping and annealing on the structure, morphological and optical properties of ZnO films prepared by spray pyrolysis method
Authors: Al-Qadasy Sameerah S S , Al-Arique Hakim Q N M , Kaawash Nabeel M S , Chishty S Q , Bogle Kashinath A 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the influence of boron doping from boric acid (H3BO3) on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited on glass substrates via spray pyrolysis at a deposition temperature of 250 °C. Subsequently, they undergo annealing in air at varying temperatures (200, 300, and 400 °C) for 45 min. The research reveals a significant dependence of all investigated properties on both annealing temperature and boron doping. Both pristine ZnO and boron-doped ZnO (BZO) films exhibit a polycrystalline hexagonal wurtzite structure. At the highest annealing temperature (400 °C), both films demonstrate high optical transmittance exceeding 70%, with crystallite diameters ranging from 25.8 to 28.5 nm for ZnO and 15.96 to 24.80 nm for BZO. Additionally, both films exhibit pronounced absorbance up to 400 nm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis confirms a uniformly thick film surface. As the annealing temperature increases, the crystallite size grows, particle morphology evolves, and the overall film thickness increases. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy validates the successful incorporation of boron atoms into the ZnO lattice structure. No contaminant peaks are observed in the FTIR spectra, indicating film purity. Furthermore, the study finds that BZO films possess a narrower optical band gap compared to pristine ZnO films. The band gap of the as-deposited and annealed BZO films is measured to be 3.04 eV and 2.9 eV, respectively, which is lower than the 3.23 eV band gap observed for the ZnO film. In general, the band gap exhibits a decreasing trend with increasing annealing temperature.
Rescuing gravitational-reheating in chaotic inflation
Authors: Barman Basabendu , Bernal Nicolás , Rubio Javier 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We show, within the single-field inflationary paradigm, that a linear non-minimal interaction ξ M P ϕ R between the inflaton field ϕ and the Ricci scalar R can result in successful inflation that concludes with an efficient heating of the Universe via perturbative decays of the inflaton, aided entirely by gravity. Considering the inflaton field to oscillate in a quadratic potential, we find that 𝒪(10-1) ≲ 𝒪 ≲ 𝒪(102) is required to satisfy the observational bounds from Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). Interestingly, the upper bound on the non-minimal coupling guarantees a tensor-to-scalar ratio r ≳ 10-4, within the range of current and future planned experiments. We also discuss implications of dark matter production, along with the potential generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry resulting from inflaton decay, through the same gravity portal.
Constraints on non-Gaussian primordial curvature perturbation from the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA third observing run
Authors: Inui Ryoto , Jaraba Santiago , Kuroyanagi Sachiko , Yokoyama Shuichiro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The scalar-induced gravitational wave (SIGWs), arising from large amplitude primordial density fluctuations, provide a unique observational test for directly probing the epoch of inflation. In this work, we provide constraints on the SIGW background by taking into account the non-Gaussianity in the primordial density fluctuations, using the first three observing runs (O1-O3) data of the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. We find that the non-Gaussianity gives a non-negligible effect on the GW energy density spectrum and starts to affect the analysis of the O1-O3 data when the non-Gaussianity parameter is F
NL > 3.55. Furthermore, the constraints exhibit asymptotic behavior given by F
NL
Ag
= const. at large F
NL limit, where Ag
denotes the amplitude of the curvature perturbations. In the limit of large F
NL, we placed a 95% credible level upper limit F
NL
Ag
≤ 0.115, 0.106, 0.112 at fixed scales of 1016, 1016.5, 1017 Mpc-1, respectively.
Quasi-normal modes, emission rate, and shadow of charged AdS black holes with perfect fluid dark matter*
Authors: Chen 陈 Hao 浩 , Dong 董 Shi-Hai 世海 , Hassanabadi Sepehr , Heidari Narges , Hassanabadi Hassan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, we comprehensively investigated charged AdS black holes surrounded by a distinct form of dark matter. In particular, we focused on key elements including the Hawking temperature, quasi-normal modes (QNMs), emission rate, and shadow. We first calculated the Hawking temperature, thereby identifying critical values such as the critical radius and maximum temperature of the black hole, essential for determining its phase transition. Further analysis focused on the QNMs of charged AdS black holes immersed in perfect fluid dark matter (PFDM) within the massless scalar field paradigm. Employing the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method, we accurately derived the frequencies of these QNMs. Additionally, we conducted a meticulous assessment of how the intensity of the PFDM parameter α influences the partial absorption cross sections of the black hole, along with a detailed study of the frequency variation of the energy emission rate. The pivotal role of geodesics in understanding astrophysical black hole characteristics is highlighted. Specifically, we examined the influence of the dark matter parameter on photon evolution by computing the shadow radius of the black hole. Our findings distinctly demonstrate the significant impact of the PFDM parameter α on the boundaries of this shadow, providing crucial insights into its features and interactions. We also provide profound insights into the intricate dynamics between a charged AdS black hole, novel dark matter, and various physical phenomena, elucidating their interplay and contributing valuable knowledge to the understanding of these cosmic entities.
Can near-to-mid Infrared Spectral Energy Distribution Quantitatively Trace Protoplanetary Disk Evolution?
Authors: Liu 刘 Mingchao 明超 , He 何 Jinhua 金华 , Guo Zhen , Ge 葛 Jixing 继兴 , Tang 唐 Yuping 雨平 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Infrared (IR) spectral energy distribution (SED) is the major tracer of protoplanetary disks. It was recently proposed to use the near-to-mid IR (or K-24) SED slope α defined between 2 and 24μm as a potential quantitative tracer of disk age. We critically examine the viability of this idea and confront it with additional statistics of IR luminosities and SED shapes. We point out that, because the statistical properties of most of the complicated physical factors involved in disk evolution are still poorly understood in a quantitative sense, the only viable way is to assume them to be random so that an idealized “average disk” can be defined, which allows the α histogram to trace its age. We confirm that the statistics of the zeroth order (luminosity), first order (slope α), and second order characteristics (concavity) of the observed K-24 SEDs indeed carry useful information upon the evolutionary processes of the “average disk”. We also stress that intrinsic diversities in K-24 SED shapes and luminosities are always large at the level of individual stars so that the application of the evolutionary path of the “average disk” to individual stars must be done with care. The data of most curves in plots are provided on GitHub (Disk-age package https://github.com/starage/disk-age/).
DistaNet: grasp-specific distance biofeedback promotes the retention of myoelectric skills
Authors: Ma Chenfei , Nazarpour Kianoush 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. An active myoelectric interface responds to the user’s muscle signals to enable movements. Machine learning can decode user intentions from myoelectric signals. However, machine learning-based interface control lacks continuous, intuitive feedback about task performance, needed to facilitate the acquisition and retention of myoelectric control skills. Approach. We propose DistaNet as a neural network-based framework that extracts smooth, continuous, and low-dimensional signatures of the hand grasps from multi-channel myoelectric signals and provides grasp-specific biofeedback to the users. Main results. Experimental results show its effectiveness in decoding user gestures and providing biofeedback, helping users retain the acquired motor skills. Significance. We demonstrates myoelectric skill retention in a pattern recognition setting for the first time.
A non-destructive archaeometric study of Roman coins
Authors: Crocco M.C. , Filosa R. , Smeriglio A. , Formoso V. , Barberi R.C. , Solano A. , Cerzoso M. , Polosa A. , Cerrone V. , Agostino R.G. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
An archaeometric study was carried out on thirteen of the thirty ancient Roman coins found in the “Grotta delle Ninfe” in Cerchiara di Calabria, Calabria, Italy. The coins are exhibited at the Brettii and Enotri Museum in Cosenza, Calabria. Due to their exposure to sulfur-rich water sources near the excavation site, these coins have deteriorated. The inscriptions are entirely unreadable due to a thick coating of corrosion products that have accumulated. This study aims to summarize the results obtained in previous works, including identifying the constituent elements, revealing hidden inscriptions that may help restore readability, and establishing the coin creation period and place.
Real-time air quality monitoring based on locally developed unmanned aerial vehicle and low-cost smart electronic device
Authors: Taamté Jacob Mbarndouka , Noube Michaux Kountchou , Signing Vitrice Ruben Folifack , Hamadou Yerima Abba , Masahiro Hosoda , Sa\"{\i}dou  , Tokonami Shinji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This article deals with the development of real-time air
quality monitoring based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and
low-cost Internet of Things (IoT) devices. This investigation aims
to design and develop an UAV-based platform that can monitor a large
number of air pollutants in real-time with high spatial and temporal
resolution. The proposed environmental monitoring system consists of
five main elements, namely the UAV, sensors, data storage module,
programmable card, and IoT communication module. Estimated
pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5) and toxic gases
(carbon monoxide CO, nitrogen dioxide NO2, and carbon dioxide
CO2) are detected by low-cost sensors. The ZigBee wireless
protocol is used for communication between the PC and UAV. This work
is carried out to assess the air quality in urban areas, given the
heavy road traffic and the emissions of some companies. The data
analyzed were collected from December 2, 2022 to January 3, 2023, in
two major cities of Cameroon, Douala and Kribi. The periodic average
values of the detected pollutants are 222 ± 22 μg/m3
and 85.7 ± 8.6 μg/m3 for PM2.5,
560.8 ± 1.0 ppm and 555.6 ± 1.0 ppm for CO2,
4.2 ± 0.2 ppm and 0.7 ± 0.1 ppm for NO2, and
27.6 ± 2.8 ppm and 4.5 ± 0.5 ppm for CO in Douala and
Kribi respectively. This made it possible to have an air quality
index (AQI) of 444.2 for Douala City and 171.3 for Kribi City. These
high values indicate poor air quality during the measurement
period.
The heterogeneity of human flood adaptation characteristics in Central Asia based on human-flood distance
Authors: Wang Ning , Sun Fubao , Yang Siquan , Liu Wenbin , Wang Hong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Central Asian region is subject to frequent seasonal floods, resulting in substantial losses. These recurrent floods have induced certain changes in human flood adaptation characteristics in Central Asia, an area that is currently under-researched. This study, grounded in meticulously simulated flood inundation outcomes, multisource population distribution data, and flood protection infrastructure data, introduces an improved approach to calculating the distance between human and flood (HFD) and investigates human flood adaptation characteristics in Central Asia. Our findings indicate that residents in Central Asia get close to flood-prone areas from 1970 to 2007, with the exceptions of Turkmenistan (TKM) and Kyrgyzstan (KGZ). Notably, this trend is particularly pronounced in regions such as Xinjiang, China, and Tajikistan (TJK). An intricate exponential increase is observed in the population exposed to floods as the HFD decreases. Under future scenarios, KGZ exhibits the most significant trend of staying away from flood-prone areas, while TJK presents the opposite trend, and TKM experiences minimal changes. Additionally, compared with urban areas, rural areas of Central Asia exhibit a trend towards approaching floods. This study underscores the optimum nature of human flood adaptation when the HFD reaches 4.23 km, showing the potential for substantial benefits by implementing population evacuation within this threshold buffer zone. These insights highlight the complex interplay between human behaviours and floods and can inform the formulation of effective flood risk mitigation strategies.
Compound and consecutive drought-flood events at a global scale
Authors: Matanó Alessia , Berghuijs Wouter R , Mazzoleni Maurizio , de Ruiter Marleen C , Ward Philip J , Van Loon Anne F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Flooding during or after droughts poses significant challenges to disaster risk management. However, interactions between droughts and floods are often overlooked as studies typically analyse these events in isolation. Here we explore historical occurrences of compound and consecutive drought-flood events and drought effects on flood severity and timing by analysing global datasets of hydrometeorological and biophysical variables for 8255 catchments worldwide. These data show that 24% of floods globally (anomalies above the 85th percentile) are preceded by, or happen during, drought conditions. Flood events occurring during drought conditions are typically of lower magnitude, especially in arid regions, while floods following drought events have a severity distribution comparable to single flood events. For most drought-flood events, flood timing appears relatively unaffected by drought conditions, but almost a quarter of the drought-flood events had flood timings occurring two to three months later than expected. These shifts in flood timing suggest droughts potentially affect flood-generating processes. As both drought and flood occurrences are projected to increase in a warming climate, interactions between them may become more common and need to be accounted for in flood risk assessment and management.
Regular and anomalous diffusion: I. Foundations
Authors: Eliazar Iddo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiffusion is a generic term for random motions whose positions become more and more diffuse with time. Diffusion is of major importance in numerous areas of science and engineering, and the research of diffusion is vast and profound. This paper is the first in a stochastic ‘intro series’ to the multidisciplinary field of diffusion. The paper sets off from a basic question: how to quantitatively measure diffusivity? Having answered the basic question, the paper carries on to a follow-up question regarding statistical behaviors of diffusion: what further knowledge can the diffusivity measure provide, and when can it do so? The answers to the follow-up question lead to an assortment of notions and topics including: persistence and anti-persistence; aging and anti-aging; short-range and long-range dependence; the Wiener–Khinchin theorem and its generalizations; spectral densities, white noise, and their generalizations; and colored noises. Observing diffusion from a macro level, the paper culminates with: the universal emergence of power-law diffusivity; the three universal diffusion regimes—one regular, and two anomalous; and the universal emergence of 1/f noise. The paper is entirely self-contained, and its prerequisites are undergraduate mathematics and statistics.