bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Membrane Perforation in Sinus Floor Elevation – Piezoelectric Device versus Conventional Rotary Instruments for Osteotomy: An Experimental Study
Authors: Seoane Juan , López‐Niño Javier , García‐Caballero Lucía , Seoane‐Romero Juan Manuel , Tomás Inmaculada , Varela‐Centelles Pablo 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTPurpose: Sinus membrane perforation is the most common intraoperative complication of maxillary sinus floor elevation (MSFE) procedures and frequently causes postoperative problems. Piezoelectric devices have been claimed to reduce the frequency of membrane perforations although no clear evidence supports this view.Materials and Methods: Ten surgeons with different expertise levels performed 80 MSFEs in selected lamb heads, with rotary and piezoelectric instruments following standard protocols. After the procedures, specimens were coded and perforations or tears determined through a microscope.Results: No significant differences in terms of thickness either of the sinus lateral wall (xi‐xj = 73.2; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 45.3–191.8) or the membrane (xi‐xj = 24.2; 95% CI = −29.4 to 77.9) were identified between the specimens allocated to each group. Nine membrane perforations (11.2%) occurred during the study, all within the lower expertise group. Membrane elevation by hand instruments caused five perforations (40%) in the rotary instrument group and one in the piezoelectric group. Expert surgeons produced no membrane perforations, the size of the antrostomy that was smaller in the piezoelectric group being the only significant difference between the rotary and piezoelectric groups.Conclusions: The use of piezoelectric material for MSFE reduces the frequency of membrane perforation among surgeons with a limited experience.
The Effect of Prolapse Repair on Sexual Function in Women
Authors: Dua Anupreet , Jha Swati , Farkas Andrew , Radley Stephen 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Sexual dysfunction is common in women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Treatment of symptomatic prolapse often requires surgery. The outcome of prolapse symptoms following surgery is well studied and reported, but evidence on outcomes of sexual function following pelvic reconstructive surgeries is limited.

Aim
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of different forms of surgery for POP on sexual function using prospectively collected data.

Methods
In this ethically approved project, data were collected prospectively for women undergoing prolapse repair between 2008 and 2010 and were stratified into four groups: “posterior repair,”“anterior repair,”“anterior repair with vaginal hysterectomy,” and “combined anterior and posterior repair.” The electronic personal assessment questionnaire-pelvic floor (ePAQ-PF) was used to assess symptoms. The sexual dimension of ePAQ-PF computes domain scores for sexual dysfunction secondary to vaginal symptoms and dyspareunia on a scale of 0–100 (0 = best possible and 100 = worst possible health status). ePAQ-PF was completed in 123 sexually active women both pre- and 3–6 month postoperatively. Results were analyzed using SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Pre- and postoperative scores for each domain were compared in all groups (Student’s t-test). Individual symptoms in these domains were compared using Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Main Outcome Measures
Change in sexual symptoms and dyspareunia following prolapse surgery in each group.

Results
Women undergoing anterior repair or anterior repair and vaginal hysterectomy reported significant improvement in sexual symptoms and dyspareunia. Women undergoing a posterior repair in isolation had improved sexual function following surgery though improvement in dyspareunia was not significant. Women undergoing combined anterior and posterior repair had the least improvement in sexual function.

Conclusions
Sexual function improves in women following pelvic reconstructive surgery, but the improvement is more substantial following anterior repair either alone or in combination with a vaginal hysterectomy when compared with posterior repair.
Effects of Oral Finasteride on Erectile Function in a Rat Model
Authors: Zhang Min-Guang , Wu Wei , Zhang Cun-Ming , Wang Xian-Jin , Gao Ping-Jin , Lu Ying-Li , Shen Zhou-Jun 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Many clinical studies reported finasteride-related erectile dysfunction, but to date, few animal experiments have focused on it.

Aim
To investigate the effects of oral finasteride on erectile function in a rat model.

Main Outcome Measures
Erectile responses and morphological changes.

Methods
Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (25/group): (i) control; (ii) castration; (iii) castration with testosterone (T) replacement; and (iv) oral finasteride treatment. Four weeks later, erectile function was measured by the ratio of intracavernosal pressure and mean arterial blood pressure upon electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. Serum T and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) and intraprostatic DHT were measured. The weights and histopathological features of the penile corpus cavernosum and prostate were examined.

Results
Serum T and DHT and intraprostatic DHT concentrations, erectile function, and mean weights of the corpus cavernosum and prostate were lowest in group 2. There was no significant difference in the serum T concentration and erectile function between groups 4 and 1. However, the serum and intraprostatic DHT concentrations were significantly lower in group 4 than in group 1 (both P &lt; 0.001). The tissue weights of the corpus cavernosum and prostate were reduced by 25.9% and 92.3% in group 4 compared with group 1 (both P &lt; 0.001). Histopathology revealed a significant atrophy of the prostate in groups 2 and 4. There was a significant decrease in the smooth muscle content in group 2, but not in groups 3 and 4.

Conclusions
In a rat model, finasteride treatment for 4 weeks reduces the weight of the corpus cavernosum but appears not to affect the erectile responses to electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve. As erection is a complex process involving important signaling in the brain, further studies are necessary to demonstrate the long-term effects of finasteride on both central and peripheral neural pathways of erection.
Sexual Functioning and Distress Among Premenopausal Women with Uncomplicated Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Dimitropoulos Konstantinos , Bargiota Alexandra , Mouzas Odysseas , Melekos Michael , Tzortzis Vassilios , Koukoulis Georgios 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTIntroductionCurrent studies indicate that women with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) have a high prevalence of sexual disorders although data on the prevalence of sexual dysfunction are limited when sexual distress is included.AimThe frequency and the possible correlates of distressful sexual disorders in a highly selected group of type 1 diabetic women.MethodsThe sexual function, sexual distress, and general health status were assessed in 44 premenopausal women with uncomplicated T1DM and 47 healthy controls, using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Female Sexual Distress Scale (FSDS), and the General Health Questionnaire–28 (GHQ–28).Main Outcome MeasuresThe impact of sexual distress on the frequency of female sexual dysfunction (FSD).ResultsThe frequency of sexual disorders according to the FSFI was significantly higher in diabetic compared to control women (25% vs. 8.5%, respectively, P &lt; 0.05). Diabetic women had significantly lower median (first to third quartile) total FSFI score compared to control group (30.55 [26.08–33.08] vs. 33.50 [30.70–34.30], P = 0.001). Desire, arousal, and satisfaction were the sexual domains significantly affected in the diabetic group. Diabetic women had significantly higher median (first to third quartile) FSDS score compared to control group (6.5 [2.3–15.8] vs. 4.0 [1.0–10.5]P = 0.043). FSD (combined pathological FSFI and FSDS scores) was present in higher proportion of diabetic women (15.9%) compared to controls (2.1%) (P = 0.020). GHQ–28 score was comparable between the groups. However, in the diabetic group, FSD was related with anxiety, depression, and low educational level. Diabetes-related factors were not associated with FSD.ConclusionsPre-menopausal women with uncomplicated T1DM have significantly higher frequency of FSD compared to healthy controls, when the criterion of sexual distress is included. Psychosomatic and contextual factors implicated in sexual distress are correlates of FSD.
Radiation Therapy in Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Mulhall John P. , Hall Matthew , Broderick Gregory A. , Incrocci Luca 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Peyronie’s disease (PD) is characterized by fibrotic plaque formation within the tunica albuginea, leading to penile deformity, angulation, painful erections, and often, erectile dysfunction. There is limited knowledge of its etiology and pathophysiology. Currently, there is no standardization for reporting the evaluation and treatment outcomes. No consensus exists on the ideal management of PD.

Aim
The aim of this study is to review the use of radiation therapy (RT) for the treatment of PD.

Methods
This study used a review of the literature and informed expert opinion.

Main Outcome Measures
The main outcome measures are the reported improvement with regard to pain, curvature, plaque size, and erectile function as well as a review of the safety profile of RT.

Results
Radiation has been used for the empirical treatment of PD with mixed results throughout the literature. Low-dose RT in the early stages of PD seems to be effective in patients with painful erections not improving with time or with the use of oral or intralesional therapies. Comparison with other current medical therapies is difficult due to the absence of criteria for therapeutic success and the absence of randomized, controlled trials. Multiple studies have demonstrated varied results in terms of curvature reduction, plaque volume, and sexual functioning. The absence of the use of validated means of measuring penile deformity and sexual function, the limited relevance of plaque and pain improvement combined with the potential negative consequences of radiation on erectile tissue structure and function lead us to make a recommendation that RT not be used for the management of PD.

Conclusions
In clinical practice, mixed success for RT has led to the recommendation against its use as a treatment modality for PD.
A circumbinary planet in orbit around the short-period white dwarf eclipsing binary RR Cae
Authors: Qian S.-B. , Liu L. , Zhu L.-Y. , Dai Z.-B. , Fernández Lajús E. , Baume G. L. 
Published: February 2012

Abstract
By using six newly determined mid-eclipse times together with those collected from the literature, we have found that the observed minus calculated (O−C) curve of RR Cae shows a cyclic change with a period of 11.9 yr and an amplitude of 14.3 s while it undergoes an upward parabolic variation [revealing a long-term period increase at a rate of ]. The cyclic change was analysed for the light-travel-time effect that arises from the gravitational influence of a third companion. The mass of the third body was determined to be M3sin i′= 4.2(± 0.4) MJup, suggesting that it is a circumbinary giant planet when its orbital inclination is larger than 17°.6. The orbital separation of the circumbinary planet from the central eclipsing binary is about 5.3(± 0.6) au. The period increase is opposite to the changes caused by angular momentum loss via magnetic braking or/and gravitational radiation; and it cannot be explained by the mass transfer between both components because of its detached configuration. These indicate that the observed upward parabolic change is only a part of a long-period (longer than 26.3 yr) cyclic variation, which may reveal the presence of another giant circumbinary planet in a wide orbit.
Diagnosis and management of jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage: A decade of experience
Authors: YEN Hsu Heng , CHEN Yang Yuan , YANG Chia Wei , SOON Maw Soan 
Published: February 2012

OBJECTIVE:  The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and management of jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage at Changhua Christian Hospital over the past decade.METHODS:  A retrospective study on the clinical features, treatment and outcomes of the patients with jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage diagnosed from January 2000 to December 2010 was conducted.RESULTS:  Twenty‐eight patients (male to female ratio 15:13) were enrolled in the study with a mean age of 73.9 years. Symptoms consisted of bloody stool (46.4%), tarry stool (82.1%), coffee ground vomitus (7.1%) and shock (39.3%). The mean duration of hospital stay was 13.5 days and the mean blood transfusion volume was 13.5 units. Eight patients (28.6%) underwent surgical resection, 9 (32.1%) received endoscopic therapy and 11 (39.3%) were administered conservative therapy. Five patients (17.9%) had recurrent bleeding during the follow‐up. Two patients (7.1%) died eventually.CONCLUSIONS:  The management of jejunoileal diverticular hemorrhage has mainly been nonsurgical at our institution over the past decade. The decreased requirement of surgical intervention might be attributed to the improvement of diagnostic and treatment procedures during this period.
Magnetic Characterization of Amphibolites from the Fomopéa Pluton (West Cameroon): Their Implication in the Pan‐African Deformation of the Central African Fold Belt
Authors: Théophile NJANKO , Eric Martial FOZING , Maurice KWÉKAM , Angéline Flore YAKEU SANDJO , Emmanuel NJONFANG 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:The Fomopea granitic pluton is emplaced in gnessic and amphibolitic basement. These gneissic and amphibolitic basement rocks are represented in the pluton's body as sub‐rounded, elongated or stretched xenoliths. Amphibolitic xenoliths display testimonies of two main tectonic events namely: (i) E1 flattening deformation event characterized by a NW‐SE to E‐W foliation with a best pole at 246/57 and a mineral stretched lineation with a best line at 293/47; and (ii) E2 compressive event typified by (1) N‐S to NNE‐SSW steeply dipping foliation; (2) S‐type flexion‐fold indicating a sinistral shear movement. These amphibolite rocks indicate a magnetic susceptibility magnitude (Km) range from 418 μSI to 90092 μSI for 87% of the stations showing a ferromagnetic behavior. K‐T curves reveal the presence of Ti‐poor magnetite as susceptibility mineral carrier. Magnetic foliation and lineation suggest that the N‐S strike direction observed in the Bamendou amphibolite is, as pointed out elsewhere in the Central African Fold Belt, of paramount importance in the tectonic evaluation of the Fomopea area, since it has most likely acted as major deformation phase in the second tectonic event in the belt.
Illite Crystallinity Mapping of Very Low Grade Metamorphism of Triassic Metapelites in the Zoigê Area, Western China
Authors: Yan TANG , Longkang SANG , Yanming YUAN , Jishun YU , Yunpeng ZHANG , Xianmao QI , Yunlong YANG 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:X‐ray diffraction methods for estimating the metamorphic grade of diagenetic, anchizone and epizone in metapelites are reviewed and applied to samples from a 7000 m+ borehole in western China and surface samples from the surrounding Zoigê area. Kübler's illite crystallinity (IC) measurements provide more consistent results than calculated values of percentage of illite in the I/S mixed layers and percentage of I/S mixed layers. Down‐borehole IC values display a typical burial metamorphic relationship between stratigraphic level and IC. A method for preparing very low grade metamorphic maps is described, and isograds plotted on a regional geological map at selected values of IC, delineating a high temperature diagenetic zone, an anchizone, and an epizone. The map shows that IC values are controlled by stratigraphic level in the north of the study area (i.e. burial metamorphism), and proximity to an igneous intrusive body in the south (i.e. contact metamorphism).
Petrogenesis of the Xihuashan Granite in Southern Jiangxi Province, South China: Constraints from Zircon U‐Pb Geochronology, Geochemistry and Nd Isotopes
Authors: Jiehua YANG , Jiantang PENG , Junhong ZHAO , Yazhou FU , Chen YANG , Yinglong HONG 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:Mesozoic granitic intrusions are widely distributed in the Nanling region, South China, Yanshanian granites are closely connected with the formation of tungsten deposits. The Xihuashan granite is a typical representative of tungsten‐bearing granite. The Xihuashan granite consists mainly of medium‐grained porphyritic biotite granite, medium‐grained biotite granite and fine‐grained two‐mica granite, which correspond to LA‐ICP‐MS zircon U‐Pb ages of 155.5±0.4 Ma, 153.0±0.6 Ma and 152.8±0.9 Ma, respectively. Rocks from the Xihuashan mining area displays high SiO2 (73.85% to 76.49%) and Na2O+K2O contents (8.09% to 9.43%), belonging to high‐K calc‐alkaline series. They are metaluminous to weakly peraluminous with A/CNK values ranging from 0.96 to 1.06. All granites in this study area are rich in Rb, Th, U and Pb, and depleted in Ba, Sr, P, Ti, Nb and Eu, especially depleted in medium‐grained biotite granite and fine‐grained two‐mica granite. The medium‐grained porphyritic biotite granites usually have high LREE concentrations, whereas medium‐grained biotite granite and fine‐grained two‐mica granite displays high HREE contents. Our geochemical data reveal that the studied rocks are highly fractionated I‐type granite. The magma underwent strong magma differentiation with decreasing temperature and increasing oxygen fugacity, which may explain the formation of three types of distinct granites. Variations of Rb, Sr and Ba concentrations in different type granites were controlled by fractional crystallization of biotite and feldspar. Fractional crystallization of monazite, allanite and apatite resulted in LREE changes in granite, and formation of garnet mainly caused HREE changes. Granites from the Xihuashan mining area have relatively high εNd(t) values (–9.77 to –11.46), indicating that they were probably generated by partial melting of underlying Proterozoic metasedimentary rocks with minor addition of juvenile crust or mantle‐derived magmas.
Meso‐Cenozoic Tectonic Events Recorded by Apatite Fission Track in the Northern Longmen‐Micang Mountains Region
Authors: Yongliang LEI , Chengzao JIA , Benliang LI , Guoqi WEI , Zhuxin CHEN , Xin SHI 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:There is a cross‐cutting relationship between the E‐W trending structures and the NE‐trending structures in the northern Longmen‐Micang Mountains region, which reflects possible regional tectonic transition and migration. Apatite fission track (AFT) analyses of 15 samples collected from this area yield apparent ages varying from 30.3±4.2 Ma to 111.7±9.0 Ma and confined‐track‐lengths ranging from 10.6±0.3 μm to 12.4±0.1 μm. Four specific groups were identified on the basis of the Track Age Spectrum Calculation (TASC) patterns, i.e., 143–112 Ma, 93.6–88 Ma, 42–40 Ma and ∼25.6 Ma. These age groups correspond to the spatial distributions of datasets and may represent four tectonic events. Together with the regional deformation patterns, the four age groups are interpreted to indicate tectonic superposition, transition and migration during the Meso‐Cenozoic with the following possible order: (1) the Micang Mountains belt was dominated by the E‐W trending structure during 143–112 Ma; (2) the contraction of the Longmen Mountains belt from the NW to the SE during 93.6–88 Ma led to the superposition of the NE‐trending structures over the E‐W trendinding structures; (3) dextral strike‐slip shear dominated the Longmen Mountains belt at 42–40 Ma; (4) westward migration of the active tectonic belt occurred from 93.6–25.6 Ma in a break‐back sequence in the northern Longmen Mountains belt. The Late Cenozoic tectonics in the northern Longmen Mountains belt are characterized by the dextral strike‐slip shear and the occurrence of westward break‐back sequence of deformations. As a result, north‐south differences in deformations along the Longmen Mountains belt were intensified since the Miocene time and strains were mainly accumulated in the hinterland of the Longmen Mountains instead of being propagated to the foreland basin.
Lithofacies Characters and Significance of the Submarine Fan of the Liufengguan Group in Qinling
Authors: Ning ZHENG , Tingdong LI , Guoqing YOU , Shuanhou ZHANG , Jiantang CUI , Muwei CHENG 
Published: February 2012

Abstract:Field investigation and laboratory research on flysch of the Liufengguan Group in Qinling indicate the following: (1) Sandstone of the Liufengguan Group is categorized as feldspathic lithic graywacke with a minor amount of lithic graywacke in the QFR triangular diagram. Grain size ≤0.3 mm. Bedding plane structures such as groove casts and suspected flute casts can be found at the bottom of the sandstone. It is inferred that currents may have come from the southeast during deposition. Bedding structures such as ripple marks, graded bedding, parallel bedding, small‐scale cross bedding, climbing bedding, suspected convolute bedding, microlamination and sliding structures have also been observed, which are of indicative significance. It is thought that the Liufengguan Group has the sedimentary characteristics of bedding, bedding plane structures and lithological assemblages of deep‐sea low‐density turbidity current deposits. The vertical succession of the Bouma sequence in the inner fan subfacies zone is generally incomplete: the assemblage of Ta and Tabc is commonly seen; the succession of the middle fan subfacies zone is relatively complete; and divisions Te and Tb are common in the outer fan subfacies zone. (2) The flysh of the Liufengguan Group is a sequence of deep‐sea argillaceous‐arenaceous submarine fan deposits, in which the authors recognize the inner, middle and outer fan subfacies and also nine types of lithofacies: normal graded sandstone (A1), medium‐ to thick‐bedded, fine‐grained sandstone (A2), medium‐ to thick‐bedded and massive siltstone (A3), thin‐bedded, fine‐grained sandstone and mudstone (B1), irregular interbeds of thin‐bedded, fine‐grained sandstone and siltstone (B2), thin‐bedded, fine‐grained sandstone (C1), very thin‐bedded, fine‐grained sandstone (D1), olistostromes (E1) and deep‐sea mudstone (F). The inner fan consists of four microfacies: natural levee (A1), water channel (A2, A3) and olistostromc (E1); in the middle fan there also occur four microfacies, i.e., branch channel (B1), branch channel (B2), interdistributary bay (D1) and olistostrome. The outer fan is made up of the branch channel (C1) and sheet sand (D1) microfacies, which alternate vertically with sediments of deep‐sea plain subfacies (F). There occur fining‐ and thin ning‐upward channel deposits in the outer‐fan subfacies zone of the submarine fan of the Liufengguan Group observed in this study. The quartz content of the graywacke of the deposits is all higher than 40% and may reach as high as 60%. Therefore, on the basis of the aforementioned features, this flysh should be formed in a passive continental‐margin tectonic environment.
The basic principles of radiological interpretation
Authors: Koong B 
Published: February 2012

AbstractRadiologic interpretation is a complex process which involves the application of an appropriate algorithm in the study of radiologic images and the ability to understand the meaning and to weight the various findings, ultimately contributing to diagnosis. Prerequisites include the knowledge of orofacial radiologic anatomy and the various pathoses which may arise or manifest in this region of the body. An understanding of the strengths and limitations of the modality employed is also essential. The process of interrogating radiologic images for abnormalities varies, depending on the modality. This paper outlines the basic steps involved in the radiologic examination of abnormalities which affect the jaws, primarily in relation to plain 2‐D imaging.