bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ziziphus rugosa Leaf: Pharmacognostical Characters and Anti-Inflammatory Properties against Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema
Authors: Krishna Enugurthi Hari , Saravanan Kamatchi Sundara , Jays Judy 
Published: April 2024

Ziziphus rugosa belongs to the family Rhamnaceae, which includes many flowering species, primarily trees and shrubs, and sometimes vines. This study aims to describe the pharmacognostic characteristics and potential anti-inflammatory properties of Z. rugosa leaf. The pharmacognostical and preliminary phytochemical studies were performed following standard procedures. Acetone, ethanol, and aqueous extracts were screened for anti-inflammatory potential using the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Ziziphus rugosa was identified by its evergreen nature, recurved hooks, and drupe-type fruits. Leaves are elliptic/rounded with cordate base exhibiting a dark green glossy upper surface and pubescent lower surface. The leaf exhibited a dorsiventral nature in the transverse section, covering trichomes, collenchyma, sclerenchyma patch, and calcium oxalate crystals as key histological characters. Anamocytic stomata, covering trichomes, crystals, and fragments of vessels, are the imperative elements in powder. The extracts contain carbohydrates, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, phenolic compounds, proteins, and flavonoids. The acetone extract at 400 and 200 mg/kg displays a maximum inflammation inhibition of 56.96% and 48.77% among the extracts, and the standard diclofenac sodium inhibits inflammation by 65.61% at 24 hours. The altered liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and malondialdehyde levels in the positive control group are significantly near normal in the treatment groups. The histopathological studies of treated animals show significant protection against paw and liver tissue damage. Pharmacognostical study outcomes aid in the identification of species along with ascertaining standardization parameters. Further fractionation of acetone extract followed by isolating compounds responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity would provide an alternative to managing inflammation.
تأثير تمرينات مقاومة بإستخدام اجهزة خاصة داخل و خارج الماء في تحسين قوة عضلات الرجلين للمصابات بالدوالي للاعمار (25-35) سنة
Authors: Lawin Ali Ibrahim  , Prof. Dr. Damon Faraj Karim  
Published: April 2024

الملخص

وتعد اصابة دوالي الساقين احدى الاصابات التي يعاني منها الرجال والنساء بشكل عام والدوالي عبارة عن التِواء وتضخم في الأوردة.، قد يصبِح الوريد السطحي مصابا بالدوالي، لكن أكثر التأثيرات الشائعة تكون بالأوردة الموجودة في الساقينمن هنا ترى الباحثتان أن تأهيل الإصابة يمكن أن يكون بإعادة تأهيل عن طريق تمرينات المقاومة داخل الماء وخارجه وباستخدام أجهزة متعددة تساعد المصابة بتخفيف معاناتها والابتعاد عن المخاطر التي قد تتسبب في تطوير وزيادة الدوالي لديها، وحدوث مشاكل خطيرة.
ومن تكمن اهمية البحث في تأهيل المرأة المصابة بالدوالي من خلال إعداد تمرينات المقاومة باستخدام اجهزة خاصة داخل وخارج الماء في تحسين قوة عضلات الرجلين حتى تكون النتائج مرضية ومعنوية للاستفادة منها للصحة العامة . استخدمت الباحثتان المنهج التجريبي تكون مجتمع البحث من النساء المصابات بدوالي الساقين الأولية وغيرممارسا ت لأي نوع من الرياضة ، وتراوح أعمارهم من(25-35) سنة وبلغ العددهم30 حالا تز وقد استنتج الباحثان:
1- أحدثت تمرينات مقاومة بإستخدام اجهزة خاصة داخل و خارج الماء التي نفذتها المجاميع التجريبية تطورا ملحوظا في متغيرات قيد البحث وهي (القوة عضلات الرجلين ، قوة ثني ظهر القدم ، قوة ثني أخمص للقدم ، قوة الثني الأنسي للقدم ، قوة الثني الوحشي للقدم ، القوة الانفجارية للرجلين ، تحمل القوة ، القوة المميزة بالسرعة)
2- سجلت افراد المجموعة التجريبية الثانية(داخل الماء) الافضلية في اختبارات(القوة عضلات الرجلين ، قوة ثني ظهر القدم ، قوة ثني أخمص للقدم ، قوة الثني الأنسي للقدم ، قوة الثني الوحشي للقدم ، القوة الانفجارية للرجلين ، تحمل القوة ، القوة المميزة بالسرعة)مقارنة بافراد المجموعتين الاولى والثلاثة.
Procedencia del hábeas corpus frente a la resolución oral que concede la prisión preventiva con vicios de motivación
Authors: Anchundia Navia José Emanuel 
Published: April 2024

Introducción: el derecho a la libertad ambulatoria puede ser restringido mediante resolución oral que concede la medida cautelar de prisión preventiva. La prisión preventiva encuentra sustento en disposiciones constitucionales y legales, y la resolución oral debe justificar el cumplimiento de esos estándares, conforme a la garantía de motivación. El hábeas corpus ejerce control constitucional sobre la resolución oral de prisión preventiva y evalúa que ha sido concedida acorde a las disposiciones del ordenamiento jurídico. Objetivos: el criterio rector de la garantía de motivación permite evaluar la suficiencia de una decisión judicial, y el incumplimiento del criterio en la decisión implica la existencia alguno de los déficits de motivación: Inexistencia, insuficiencia, y apariencia. Metodología: la metodología utilizó el modelo de investigación cualitativa, y se recurrió a publicaciones, repositorios de investigaciones, jurisprudencia, y sentencias de hábeas corpus. El material relevante fue identificado y seleccionado para su procesamiento. Resultados: los resultados apuntaron a la procedencia del hábeas corpus frente a resoluciones orales que conceden la prisión preventiva que revisten de alguno de los déficits de motivación por incumplir el criterio rector de la garantía de motivación. Conclusiones: es procedente el hábeas corpus cuando la resolución oral que concede la prisión preventiva no se adecúe al criterio rector de la garantía de motivación, por incumplimiento de un parámetro constitucional de obligatorio cumplimiento. Área de estudio general: Derecho constitucional. Área de estudio específica: Garantías jurisdiccionales de derechos constitucionales.
Rutin prevents EqHV-8 induced infection and oxidative stress via Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Li , Li Shuwen , Li Wenjing , Yu Yue , Sun Qi , Chen Wenjing , Zhou Huaqi , Wang Changfa , Li Liangliang , Xu Meng , Khan Muhammad Zahoor , Li Yubao , Wang Tongtong 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThe Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway has been extensively studied for its role in regulating antioxidant and antiviral responses. The Equid herpesvirus type 8 (EqHV-8) poses a significant threat to the equine industry, primarily manifesting as respiratory disease, abortions, and neurological disorders in horses and donkeys. Oxidative stress is considered a key factor associated with pathogenesis of EqHV-8 infection. Unfortunately, there is currently a dearth of therapeutic interventions available for the effective control of EqHV-8. Rutin has been well documented for its antioxidant and antiviral potential. In current study we focused on the evaluation of Rutin as a potential therapeutic agent against EqHV-8 infection.MethodsFor this purpose, we encompassed both in-vitro and in-vivo investigations to assess the effectiveness of Rutin in combatting EqHV-8 infection.Results and DiscussionThe results obtained from in vitro experiments demonstrated that Rutin exerted a pronounced inhibitory effect on EqHV-8 at multiple stages of the viral life cycle. Through meticulous experimentation, we elucidated that Rutin’s antiviral action against EqHV-8 is intricately linked to the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway-mediated antioxidant response. Activation of this pathway by Rutin was found to significantly impede EqHV-8 replication, thereby diminishing the viral load. This mechanistic insight not only enhances our understanding of the antiviral potential of Rutin but also highlights the significance of antioxidant stress responses in combating EqHV-8 infection. To complement our in vitro findings, we conducted in vivo studies employing a mouse model. These experiments revealed that Rutin administration resulted in a substantial reduction in EqHV-8 infection within the lungs of the mice, underscoring the compound’s therapeutic promise in vivo.ConclusionIn summation, our finding showed that Rutin holds promise as a novel and effective therapeutic agent for the prevention and control of EqHV-8 infections.
The association between statin use and diabetic nephropathy in US adults: data from NHANES 2005 - 2018
Authors: Guo Jinjing , Jiang Zhibing , Xia Yiping , Wang Hui , Tang Qun , Meng Bin 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundA serious consequence of diabetes is diabetic nephropathy (DN), which is commonly treated by statins. Studies evaluating the effects of statin medication have yielded inconsistent results regarding the potential association with diabetic nephropathy. To manage diabetic nephropathy’s onset and improve the quality of life of patients, it is imperative to gain a comprehensive understanding of its contributing factors.Data and methodsOur study was conducted using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) as well as weighted multivariate logistic regression models to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for diabetic nephropathy. We conducted stratified analyses to examine the impact of statins and the duration of their usage on diabetic nephropathy in different subgroups. A nomogram model and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were also developed to predict DN risk.ResultsStatin use significantly increased the incidence of DN (OR=1.405, 95%CI (1.199,1.647), p&lt;0.001). Individuals who used statins for 5 to 7 years were more likely to develop diabetic nephropathy (OR=1.472, 95%CI (1.057,2.048), p=0.022) compared to those who used statins for 1-3 years (OR=1.334, 95%CI (1.058,1.682), p=0.015) or &lt;1 year (OR=1.266, 95%CI (1.054,1.522), p = 0.012). Simvastatin has a greater incidence of diabetic nephropathy (OR=1.448, 95%CI(1.177, 1.78), P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionTaking statins long-term increases the risk of DN. Statin use is associated with an increased risk of DN. Caution should be exercised when prescribing atorvastatin and simvastatin for long-term statin therapy.
Parenting styles in caregivers of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and effects of service dogs
Authors: Poirier Margot , Grandgeorge Marine , François Nathe , Auffret Florian , Champagne Noël , Legrand Alain , Deschatelets Catherine , Favier-Hannequin Nathalie , Tremblay Aurélie , Kearnan Fanny , Henry Séverine , Plusquellec Pierrich , Dollion Nicolas 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveParents of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have parenting styles that differ from parents of typically developing children. Integration of a service dog (SD) at home has been demonstrated as having multiple effects within families of children with ASD. Our aims were to investigate if (a) specific parenting styles can be identified during parents’ interactions with their child with ASD using ethological methods, and (b) integration of a SD have an effect on these styles.MethodsBehavioural coding was performed on videos recorded at home by 20 parents of 6-12-years old children with ASD before SD integration. Parents were asked to record themselves and their child while making a puzzle. 14 parents performed a second similar recording 3-6 months after SD integration. Data were analysed using Principal Component Analysis, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and non-parametric tests.ResultsThree parenting styles emerged: Parents Involved in the Task (PIT), Parents Relaxed in the Interaction (PRI), and Parents Disengaged from the Interaction (PDI). PIT were characterised as more controlling and verbally focused on the activity. PRI were less controlling and talk about things other than the activity. The same applied to PDI, except that they were less warm in their interactions. Analysis performed after SD integration revealed that these groups also diverged in the evolution of certain behaviours.ConclusionThis study is the first to demonstrate that behavioural observations can highlight different parenting styles in caregivers of children with ASD, and that the integration of a SD has effects on these styles, with variation according to parents’ style prior to SD integration. Indeed, a decrease in activity control behaviours was observed in parents with an initial profile characterise by higher expression of such behaviours (i.e., PIT), while an increase of those behaviours was observed in parents initially with an initial profile characterise by a weaker expression of such behaviours (i.e., PRI). Interestingly, the last profile characterized by less engagement in the interaction and activity (i.e., PDI) did not seem to show significant changes.
Comparative single-cell multiplex immunophenotyping of therapy-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus shed light on disease-specific composition of the peripheral immune system
Authors: Balog József Á. , Zvara Ágnes , Bukovinszki Vivien , Puskás László G. , Balog Attila , Szebeni Gábor J. 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionSystemic autoimmune diseases (SADs) are a significant burden on the healthcare system. Understanding the complexity of the peripheral immunophenotype in SADs may facilitate the differential diagnosis and identification of potential therapeutic targets.MethodsSingle-cell mass cytometric immunophenotyping was performed on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls (HCs) and therapy-naive patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), progressive systemic sclerosis (SSc), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Immunophenotyping was performed on 15,387,165 CD45+ live single cells from 52 participants (13 cases/group), using an antibody panel to detect 34 markers.ResultsUsing the t-SNE (t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding) algorithm, the following 17 main immune cell types were determined: CD4+/CD57– T cells, CD4+/CD57+ T cells, CD8+/CD161– T cells, CD8+/CD161+/CD28+ T cells, CD8dim T cells, CD3+/CD4–/CD8– T cells, TCRγ/δ T cells, CD4+ NKT cells, CD8+ NKT cells, classic NK cells, CD56dim/CD98dim cells, B cells, plasmablasts, monocytes, CD11cdim/CD172dim cells, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). Seven of the 17 main cell types exhibited statistically significant frequencies in the investigated groups. The expression levels of the 34 markers in the main populations were compared between HCs and SADs. In summary, 59 scatter plots showed significant differences in the expression intensities between at least two groups. Next, each immune cell population was divided into subpopulations (metaclusters) using the FlowSOM (self-organizing map) algorithm. Finally, 121 metaclusters (MCs) of the 10 main immune cell populations were found to have significant differences to classify diseases. The single-cell T-cell heterogeneity represented 64MCs based on the expression of 34 markers, and the frequency of 23 MCs differed significantly between at least twoconditions. The CD3– non-T-cell compartment contained 57 MCs with 17 MCs differentiating at least two investigated groups. In summary, we are the first to demonstrate the complexity of the immunophenotype of 34 markers over 15 million single cells in HCs vs. therapy-naive patients with RA, SSc, and SLE. Disease specific population frequencies or expression patterns of peripheral immune cells provide a single-cell data resource to the scientific community.
Skeletal muscle index based on CT at the 12th thoracic spine level can predict osteoporosis and fracture risk: a propensity score-matched cohort study
Authors: Hu Jia-sen , Jin Ya-ping , Wu Ji-kui , Ni Jian-guang 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundMultiple studies have shown that skeletal muscle index (SMI) measured on abdominal computed tomography (CT) is strongly associated with bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk as estimated by the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX). Although some studies have reported that SMI at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra (T12) measured on chest CT images can be used to diagnose sarcopenia, it is regrettable that no studies have investigated the relationship between SMI at T12 level and BMD or fracture risk. Therefore, we further investigated the relationship between SMI at T12 level and FRAX-estimated BMD and fracture risk in this study.MethodsA total of 349 subjects were included in this study. After 1∶1 propensity score matching (PSM) on height, weight, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, body mass index (BMI), age, and gender, 162 subjects were finally included. The SMI, BMD, and FRAX score of the 162 participants were obtained. The correlation between SMI and BMD, as well as SMI and FRAX, was assessed using Spearman rank correlation. Additionally, the effectiveness of each index in predicting osteoporosis was evaluated through the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsThe BMD of the lumbar spine (L1-4) demonstrated a strong correlation with SMI (r = 0.416, p &lt; 0.001), while the BMD of the femoral neck (FN) also exhibited a correlation with SMI (r = 0.307, p &lt; 0.001). SMI was significantly correlated with FRAX, both without and with BMD at the FN, for major osteoporotic fractures (r = −0.416, p &lt; 0.001, and r = −0.431, p &lt; 0.001, respectively) and hip fractures (r = −0.357, p &lt; 0.001, and r = −0.311, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Moreover, the SMI of the non-osteoporosis group was significantly higher than that of the osteoporosis group (p &lt; 0.001). SMI effectively predicts osteoporosis, with an area under the curve of 0.834 (95% confidence interval 0.771–0.897, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionSMI based on CT images of the 12th thoracic vertebrae can effectively diagnose osteoporosis and predict fracture risk. Therefore, SMI can make secondary use of chest CT to screen people who are prone to osteoporosis and fracture, and carry out timely medical intervention.
Research hotspots and frontiers of cluster headaches: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Mao Qiangjian , Xu Shiqi , Wang Yuqing , Wu Desheng , Huang Guomin , Li Ziru , Zhang Xiaoming , Chi Zhenhai 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundExtensive research on cluster headaches (CHs) has been conducted worldwide; however, there is currently no bibliometric research on CHs. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the current research hotspots and frontiers of CHs over the past decade.MethodsRaw data on CHs was obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database from 2014 to 2023. CiteSpace V6.2 R7 (64 bit) and Microsoft Excel were used to assess the annual publication volume, authors, countries, and references. VOSviewer 1.6.19 software was used to assess the institutions, cited authors, and keywords, and co-occurrence and clustering functions were applied to draw a visual knowledge map.ResultsIn the past decade, the overall annual publication volume of articles related to CHs has increased year by year, showing promising development prospects. The total 1909 articles contained six types of literature, among which the proportion of original research articles was the highest (1,270 articles, 66.53%), published in 201 journals. Cephalalgia (439 articles, 23.00%) had the highest publication volume, and the Lancet was the journal with the highest impact factor (IF = 168.9). Furthermore, the United States of America was the country with the most published papers (584 articles, 30.60%), University of London was the research institution with the most published papers (142 articles, 7.44%), and Goodsby, Peter J was found to be the most prolific author (38 articles, 1.99%).ConclusionThis study may provide some direction for subsequent researcher on CHs. The hotspots and frontiers of future research on CHs are suggested as follows: in basic medicine, more attention should be paid to pathophysiology, especially on increasing research on the pathogenesis mediated by CGRP; in clinical medicine, more attention should be paid to the design of evidence-based medicine methodology, especially the strict design, including double-blind, questionnaire, and follow-up, in randomized controlled trials, using high-quality articles for meta-analyses, and recommending high-level evidence; therapeutic techniques need to be further explored, suggesting the implementation of transcranial magnetic stimulation of the cortex, and stimulation of the sphinopalatine ganglia and occipital nerve to achieve peripheral neuromodulation. Furthermore, chronic migraine and insomnia are inextricably linked to CHs.
RAD51 as an immunohistochemistry-based marker of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor resistance in ovarian cancer
Authors: Kim Yoo-Na , Kim Kyeongmin , Joung Je-Gun , Kim Sang Wun , Kim Sunghoon , Lee Jung-Yun , Park Eunhyang 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveEffective functional biomarkers that can be readily used in clinical practice to predict poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) sensitivity are lacking. With the widespread adoption of PARPi maintenance therapy in ovarian cancer, particularly in patients with BRCA mutation or HR deficiencies, accurately identifying de novo or acquired resistance to PARPi has become critical in clinical practice. We investigated RAD51 immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a functional biomarker for predicting PARPi sensitivity in ovarian cancer.MethodsOvarian cancer patients who had received PARPi and had archival tissue samples prior to PARPi exposure (“pre-PARPi”) and/or after progression on PARPi (“post-PARPi”) were selected. RAD51 IHC expression was semi-quantitatively evaluated using the H-score in geminin (a G2/S phase marker)- and γH2AX (a DNA damage marker)-positive tissues. A RAD51 H-score of 20 was used as the cutoff value.ResultsIn total, 72 samples from 56 patients were analyzed. The median RAD51 H-score was 20 (range: 0–90) overall, 10 (0–190) in pre-PARPi samples (n = 34), and 25 (1–170) in post-PARPi samples (n = 19). Among patients with BRCA mutations, RAD51-low patients had better progression-free survival (PFS) after PARPi treatment than RAD51-high patients (P = 0.029). No difference was found in PFS with respect to the genomic scar score (P = 0.930). Analysis of matched pre- and post-PARPi samples collected from 15 patients indicated an increase in the RAD51 H-score upon progression on PARPi, particularly among pre-PARPi low-RAD51-expressing patients.ConclusionRAD51 is a potential functional IHC biomarker of de novo and acquired PARPi resistance in BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer and can be used to fine-tune ovarian cancer treatment.