bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Los robots como animales desde la responsabilidad civil.
Authors: Jaramillo-Valdivieso Juan Andrés 
Published: May 2024

La presente investigación analiza las implicaciones legales de los daños causados por sistemas con inteligencia artificial, considerando quién es responsable de estos daños. Se compara esta situación con la responsabilidad por daños causados por animales, ya que, en muchas legislaciones, tanto los robots como los animales carecen de personalidad jurídica. El trabajo busca soluciones legales a través de analogías entre estos contextos para abordar los desafíos legales emergentes en la intersección de la tecnología y el derecho. Por ello, la presente investigación tiene por objeto analizar a los robots como animales desde la responsabilidad civil desde un punto de vista doctrinario y legislativo. Para ello se usó metodología cualitativa con método de investigación analítico sintético. La estructura de este trabajo, luego de la introducción, inicia analizando el régimen de responsabilidad civil de los daños ocasionados por animales; luego se extrapola dicho régimen a los daños causados por sistemas inteligentes. El trabajo concluye, principalmente, que no sería recomendable aplicar de manera análoga el sistema de daños de animales al de los ocasionados por robots pues no parece justo responsabilizar exclusivamente al dueño o poseedor de estas entidades inteligentes y dejar de lado al fabricante, al programador y al vendedor.
Navigating Knowledge Hiding: The Influence of Supervisee Job Based Psychological Ownership on Job Performance in Manufacturing Settings
Authors: Arshad Sumera , Nazim Muhammad , Rasheed Abdul 
Published: May 2024

The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of supervisor knowledge hiding (SKH) on the job performance of supervisees in the manufacturing sector. The study creates a conceptual framework that depicts the relationships between SKH, supervisee job-based PO and supervisee job performance. The author investigated how SKH affects the output of subordinates as well how to mitigate SKH's detrimental impact on supervisee job performance, and in what way supervisee job-based PO act to decrease the negative effect. This paper examines a mediation model that is grounded on the conservation of resources (COR) theory. The data was obtained from 347 employees who were serving in the manufacturing industry of Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Through the implementation of a quantitative research design and extensive analysis of data, findings reveal that SKH negatively impact on subordinates that ultimately reduce the performance of supervisees at workplace. This research contributes to the recent finding that the adverse effects of SKH can potentially be buffered through the supervisee's possession. The model test with Partial Least Squares (PLS)-4 was used as the analysis technique in the study. Based on the available information, this is the first study to look into the relationship between SKH, supervisee job performance and supervisee job-based PO using conservation of resource (COR) theory. The authors switched the focus that conservation of resource (COR) theory offering new ideas into the process behind the link between SKH and supervisee job performance. This research also looked at how SKH hiding in the workplace affects job-based PO. This research focuses on workplace behavior. Employee attributes can dissuade a negative reaction to SKH. The effect of SKH on supervisees can be mitigated by focusing on supervisee job-based PO. This is an increasing push to focus on workplace positivity, which improves supervisees' job performance. It is imperative that we investigate the reasons how employees can perform effectively at work while remaining loyal and devoted to it.
LETTERS FROM ALAN BUSH TO GRIGORI SCHNEERSON: ON THE ISSUE OF SOVIET-BRITISH CULTURAL CONTACTS
Authors: Кривцова А.С. 
Published: May 2024

Говоря о советско-британских культурных связях нельзя не упомянуть имя выдающегося музыковеда Г. М. Шнеерсона (1901–1982). Всю свою жизнь он занимался развитием и укреплением международных связей Советского Союза в области музыкальной культуры и имел невероятно обширный список деловых и дружеских контактов с музыкантами по всему миру. Одним из его постоянных адресатов был англичанин А. Д. Буш (1900–1995) – авторитетный в середине ХХ века композитор, чьё творчество в отечественном музыкознании представлено довольно скупо. А между тем, этот ярый приверженец коммунизма не единожды посещал Страну Советов и всячески пропагандировал советскую музыку у себя на родине. В фондах Российского национального музея музыки находится часть неопубликованного эпистолярия А. Д. Буша, адресованная Г. М. Шнеерсону и входящая в личный архив учёного (Ф. 375). Настоящая статья включает комментированный перевод нескольких корреспонденций композитора; в качестве вступительного раздела предлагается краткий обзор всех аспектов его творческой деятельности, так или иначе связанных с Советским Союзом.
Speaking about the Soviet-British cultural contacts, it is necessary to mention the name of the outstanding musicologist G. Schneerson (1901–1982). He was engaged in developing and strengthening the international relations of the Soviet Union in the sphere of musical culture all his life and had an incredibly extensive list of business and friendly contacts with musicians around the world. One of his constant addressees was the Englishman A. D. Bush (1900–1995) – a composer, authoritative in the middle of the 20thcentury, whose work is sparingly presented in Russian musicology. Meanwhile, this ardent supporter of communism visited the Soviet Union more than once and in every possible way promoted Soviet music in his homeland. The Russian National Museum of Music collection contains a part of A. D. Bush's unpublished epistolary legacy addressed to G. Schneerson and included in the scientist’s personal archive (Coll. 375). This article includes an annotated translation of several letters from the composer's correspondence; as an introductory section, a brief overview of all aspects of his creative work connected with the Soviet Union is offered.
Challenges Faced by the International Students Studying in Universities of Pakistan
Authors: Zia Anum , Bashir Irfan 
Published: May 2024

The study tries to find out the challenges faced by international students in higher education institutes in Pakistan. The main objective was to find out the challenging areas for international students studying in higher education institutes in Pakistan. A descriptive research approach was utilized to find the challenges experienced by international students in Pakistani higher education institutions. Data was collected using a 5-point Likert-type scale questionnaire comprising six parts covering academic, social and cultural, logistic and administrative, financial, discrimination-related challenges, and support and resources. Prior to the main data collection phase, pilot testing was conducted with a small group of international students to refine the questionnaire and assess its alpha reliability (0.921) and validity. Data was collected from 150+ samples using snowball sampling due to a low response rate from different universities. Ethical considerations were considered, and respondents were provided with informed consent outlining the purpose of the study. Data analysis was conducted using statistics software. Descriptive statistics, including frequency distributions and group statistics, were used to quantify and compare the challenges. Mean scores, standard deviation, t-values, and significance were also calculated. The study found certain very challenging areas for international students and certain areas as less difficult. The study recommends a comprehensive support setup for international students by the higher education institutes of Pakistan.
Statistical analysis of the differentiation of regions of the Russian Federation by tax revenues of consolidated budgets using the R language
Authors: Apal'kova Tamara Gennadievna , Levchenko Kirill Gennadievich 
Published: May 2024

The subject area of this article is the application of descriptive statistics and multidimensional classification methods to describe the regional features of the formation of tax components of revenues of consolidated budgets of the Russian Federation. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the simplicity and effectiveness of using mathematical and statistical methods and the functionality of the open source language R to solve problems of structural analysis of tax revenues, identify regional specifics, and comparative analysis of regions from the point of view of tax revenues. The apparatus of mathematical statistics implemented in the R language, in particular, opens up wide opportunities for classifying tax subjects, including multidimensional ones, significantly facilitating the procedures of analysis, ranking and planning. The functionality described in the article can be used in the process of forming and adjusting tax policy at different levels. The possibilities of the mathematical statistics apparatus in combination with the instrumental methods of the R language are revealed by the example of the classification analysis of the regions of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the absolute and relative values of tax revenues in the revenues of regional budgets are selected as classification features. The classification by belonging to the federal district and the study of the "natural" stratification by the method of cluster analysis are considered. The apparatus of mathematical statistics and, especially, the tools of the R language are used unreasonably rarely in research of this kind, despite the ease of use and the absence of the need for special training, these circumstances determine the relevance of this article. Aggregation by federal districts made it possible to identify: the Ural Federal District as the leader in terms of the average regional share of tax revenues in the revenue part of the budget and the North Caucasus Federal District, characterized by the lowest average regional contributions of tax payments to regional budgets. The analysis of the natural stratification of the regions of the Russian Federation by their relative tax contributions to consolidated budgets made it possible to identify groups: the most typical regions, subsidized regions, donor regions and regions in which the most expensive assets of enterprises of the Russian Federation are concentrated
Winter Time Nutrient Limitation of Phytoplankton in North Carolina Water Supply Reservoirs and An Inflowing Stream
Authors: Jackson Kennedy M. , Hadarau Petru A. , Cooke Sandra L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In aquatic ecosystems, phytoplankton growth may be limited by one or more essential nutrients, a phenomenon known as nutrient limitation. Nutrient limitation can vary spatially, including within and among systems, and temporally, including across seasons and years. For systems that are susceptible to eutrophication (the nutrient over-enrichment of water bodies), understanding patterns of nutrient limitation can be useful for water resource managers. We conducted phytoplankton growth bioassays in late February 2019 to analyze the nutrient limitation status of two water supply reservoirs (Oak Hollow Lake and City Lake), as well as an inflowing stream (Boulding Branch), in the North Carolina Piedmont. Two sites within each reservoir were assessed, including one site close to the water supply intake and one site further upstream. Each laboratory bioassay consisted of three nutrient addition treatments: nitrogen (N+), phosphorus (P+), and nitrogen and phosphorus (NP+), as well as a control. After 48 hr incubation under a growth light, chlorophyll a was measured in all samples, including initial samples taken prior to growth light incubation, and ANOVA was used to determine significant differences among treatments. The City Lake upstream site was P-limited, whereas the site closer to the intake was co-limited by N and P. The Oak Hollow downstream site closest to the water supply intake was P-limited while the Oak Hollow upstream site was not nutrient limited. Similarly, Boulding Branch was not nutrient limited. These results illustrate the spatial complexity of nutrient limitation. Further studies are needed to better understand this complexity, as well as examine seasonal and interannual patterns of nutrient limitation in these critical water supply reservoirs.
Studies on Pearl Millet-Based Intercropping System under Rainfed Condition of Coimbatore District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: M Sowmiya , K Sharmili , S Ramachander , P Dinesh Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Aim: The aim of the study is to ascertain the response of pearl millet under intercropping system with pulses and their ability to produce higher yield under intercropping conditions.
Study Design: The study was carried out in Randomized block design (RBD).
Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2023-2024 at Karunya Institute of technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Methodology: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. It consisted of eleven treatments comprising of pearl millet as main crop and pulses viz., blackgram, greengram, redgram, cowpea and bengalgram as intercrops. Pulses were intercropped with pearl millet in replacement series of 4:1 and 6:1 row proportion.
Results: Significantly higher plant height (186.03cm), dry matter accumulation (7386kg/ha), grain yield (2493 kg/ha) and B:C (2.50) ratio was recorded in pearl millet + blackgram (4:1). Further pearl millet equivalent yield (PMGEY) (2711.1 kg/ha) and Relative Crowding Coefficient (RCC) were higher in pearl millet with blackgram 4:1 ratio and Land Equivalent Ratio (LER) were higher in pearl millet + redgram at a ratio of 4:1.
Conclusion: These results confirmed that, pearl millet + blackgram 4:1 intercropping system may be suggested to get greater net return and B: C ratio.
Wertverwässerungsschutz bei Sachkapitalerhöhungen nach dem Zukunftsfinanzierungsgesetz
Authors: Verse Dirk A. 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Durch das Zukunftsfinanzierungsgesetz ist der Verwässerungsschutz der Altaktionäre bei ordentlichen Kapitalerhöhungen mit Bezugsrechtsausschluss völlig neu gefasst worden (§ 255 Abs. 2, Abs. 4-7, §§ 255a, 255b AktG n.F.). Am Beispiel der Sachkapitalerhöhung stellt der Beitrag die neue Regelung vor und diskutiert erste Anwendungsfragen.
Gecko‐Inspired Surfaces: A Path to Strong and Reversible Dry Adhesives
Authors: Boesel Luciano F. , Greiner Christian , Arzt Eduard , del Campo Aránzazu 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe amazing adhesion of gecko pads to almost any kind of surfaces has inspired a very active research direction over the last decade: the investigation of how geckos achieve this feat and how this knowledge can be turned into new strategies to reversibly join surfaces. This article reviews the fabrication approaches used so far for the creation of micro‐ and nanostructured fibrillar surfaces with adhesive properties. In the light of the pertinent contact mechanics, the adhesive properties are presented and discussed. The decisive design parameters are fiber radius and aspect ratio, tilt angle, hierarchical arrangement and the effect of the backing layer. Also first responsive systems that allow thermal switching between nonadhesive and adhesive states are described. These structures show a high potential of application, providing the remaining issues of robustness, reliability, and large‐area manufacture can be solved.
PAX2 mutations in fetal renal hypodysplasia
Authors: Martinovic‐Bouriel Jelena , Benachi Alexandra , Bonnière Maryse , Brahimi Nora , Esculpavit Chantal , Morichon Nicole , Vekemans Michel , Antignac Corinne , Salomon Rémi , Encha‐Razavi Féréchté , Attié‐Bitach Tania , Gubler Marie‐Claire 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPapillorenal syndrome also known as renal‐coloboma syndrome (OMIM 120330) is an autosomal dominant condition comprising optic nerve anomaly and renal oligomeganephronic hypoplasia. This reduced number of nephron generations with compensatory glomerular hypertrophy leads towards chronic insufficiency with renal failure. We report on two fetuses with PAX2 mutations presenting at 24 and 18 weeks' gestation, respectively, born into two different sibships. In our first patient, termination of pregnancy was elected for anhydramnios and suspicion of renal agenesis in the healthy couple with an unremarkable previous clinical history. This fetus had bilateral asymmetric kidney anomalies including a small multicystic left kidney, and an extremely hypoplastic right kidney. Histology showed dysplastic lesions in the left kidney, contrasting with rather normal organization in the hypoplastic right kidney. Ocular examination disclosed bilateral optic nerve coloboma. The association of these anomalies, highly suggestive of the papillorenal syndrome, led us to perform the molecular study of the PAX2 gene. Direct sequencing of the PAX2 coding sequence identified a de novo single G deletion of nucleotide 935 in exon 3 of the PAX2 resulting in a frameshift mutation (c.392delG, p.Ser131Thrfs*28). In the second family, the presence of a maternally inherited PAX2 mutation led to a decision for termination of pregnancy. The 18‐week gestation fetus presented the papillorenal syndrome including hypoplastic kidneys and optic nerve coloboma. In order to address the PAX2 involvement in isolated renal “disease,” 18 fetuses fulfilling criteria were screened: 10/18 had uni‐ or bilateral agenesis, 6/18 had bilateral multicystic dysplasia with enlarged kidneys, and 2/18 presented bilateral severe hypodysplasia confirmed on fetopathological examination. To the best of our knowledge, our first patient represents an unreported fetal diagnosis of papillorenal syndrome, and another example of the impact of oriented fetopathological examination in genetic counseling of the parents. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Development of a culturally tailored genetic counseling booklet about hereditary breast and ovarian cancer for Black women
Authors: Permuth‐Wey Jennifer , Vadaparampil Susan , Rumphs Alnecia , Kinney Anita Yeomans , Pal Tuya 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPrinted educational materials (PEM) can serve as important tools to enhance and reinforce information presented during genetic counseling (GC) for BRCA1/2 testing, yet few such materials have been specifically developed for the Black community. The goal of the current study was to develop a BRCA1/2 genetic education booklet for Black women at increased risk for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC). Investigators identified available PEM about BRCA1/2 targeted toward Blacks. To obtain possible perspectives of the target population regarding modified and newly developed materials, a Community Advisory Panel (CAP) comprising breast cancer survivors, advocates, and community leaders was convened. While the CAP felt PEM were an important adjunct to GC, the panel recommended developing materials that were more personalized and relevant to Black women. A 12‐page booklet that follows the flow of a standard GC session was developed; it includes a limited amount of technical information, incorporates familiar terms and images to describe key concepts, and contains vignettes and photographs of Black women. Upon review of the newly developed booklet, CAP members agreed their input had been well implemented, and only had minor suggestions. The booklet is currently being used in a population‐based study of BRCA1/2 mutations among Black women diagnosed with early‐onset breast cancer. Involving members of the target community is critical to the development of culturally tailored PEM. Further evaluation of the utility of our booklet in increasing awareness and understanding of HBOC and promoting informed decision‐making regarding genetic testing and medical management among Black women is needed. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of susceptibility loci for scoliosis in FIS families with triple curves
Authors: Marosy Beth , Justice Cristina M. , Vu Cuong , Zorn Andrew , Nzegwu Nneka , Wilson Alexander F. , Miller Nancy H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe triple curve pattern (three lateral curvatures of equal severity) has been recognized as a distinct and unique clinical subtype of scoliosis. As part of a large study of familial idiopathic scoliosis (FIS), a subset of five families with a triple curve pattern (at least one member of each family having a triple curve) was evaluated to determine if this curve pattern was linked to any of the markers previously genotyped as part of the STRP‐based previous linkage screen. Model independent linkage analysis (SIBPAL, v4.5) of the initial genomic screen identified candidate regions on chromosomes 6 and 10 when FIS was analyzed both as qualitative and quantitative traits in single‐ and multipoint linkage analyses. Additional fine mapping analyses of this subgroup with SNPs corroborated the findings in these regions (P < 0.001). These regions have been previously linked to FIS, however, this is the first time these regions have been implicated in a clinically well‐defined subgroup and may suggest a unique genetic etiology for the formation of a triple curve. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lipedema: An inherited condition
Authors: Child Anne H. , Gordon Kristiana D. , Sharpe Pip , Brice Glen , Ostergaard Pia , Jeffery Steve , Mortimer Peter S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractLipedema is a condition characterized by swelling and enlargement of the lower limbs due to abnormal deposition of subcutaneous fat. Lipedema is an under‐recognized condition, often misdiagnosed as lymphedema or dismissed as simple obesity. We present a series of pedigrees and propose that lipedema is a genetic condition with either X‐linked dominant inheritance or more likely, autosomal dominant inheritance with sex limitation. Lipedema appears to be a condition almost exclusively affecting females, presumably estrogen‐requiring as it usually manifests at puberty. Lipedema is an entity distinct from obesity, but may be wrongly diagnosed as primary obesity, due to clinical overlap. The phenotype suggests a condition distinct from obesity and associated with pain, tenderness, and easy bruising in affected areas. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proposal for updating the pseudoxanthoma elasticum classification system and a review of the clinical findings
Authors: Plomp Astrid S. , Toonstra Johan , Bergen Arthur A.B. , van Dijk Marijke R. , de Jong Paulus T.V.M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a systemic disorder affecting elastic tissues most markedly in skin, retina, and blood vessels. It is caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene and is transmitted in an autosomal recessive fashion. In 1994 a new classification system for PXE was published as the result of a consensus conference. Since then the ABCC6 gene has been discovered. We propose that there is a need for a classification system incorporating all relevant systemic symptoms and signs, based on standardized clinical, histological, and molecular biological examination techniques. We re‐evaluated the histopathologic PXE signs and propose a classification system with unambiguous criteria leading to a consistent diagnosis of definitive, probable, or possible PXE world‐wide. We put this proposed classification forward to encourage further debate on the diagnosis of this multi‐organ disorder. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.