bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of vacuole fusion, a pivotal mechanism mitigating salt-induced inhibition of root cell growth
Authors: Rodriguez-Furlan Cecilia , Betz Oliver , Tiernan Wylie , Shipman Kurtis , Castro Graciela , Campos Roya , Heymans Adrien , Hazelwood Olivia , Ashraf Arif , Robert Stéphanie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Vacuoles are essential for plant growth and morphogenesis. Vacuoles fused under normal conditions, promoting cell elongation and organ growth. Changes in vacuole dynamics affect root growth, but how these dynamics are modulated during stress remains unclear. We found that short-term exposure to low-salt concentrations decreases root growth, primarily impairing root cell elongation. In root cells, vacuole fusion consistently decreases despite an increase in the overall vacuole volume. Accordingly, RABG3f, which regulates the formation of tethering complexes necessary for fusion, is retained at enlarged endosomes. Genetic interference of the vacuole fusion machinery results in salt-insensitive root phenotypes that are reversed by the pharmacological induction of vacuole fusion. Importantly, these mutants recover root growth more efficiently after salt stress, indicating that vacuole fusion inhibition serves as a protective mechanism. This fundamental mechanism may serve broader roles in stress tolerance by inhibiting fusion, increasing vacuole convolution, and mitigating stress impact on root growth.
Spatiotemporal Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes: Implications for Ecosystem Services
Authors: Ridwan Oseni , Kamaldeen Omosanya , Bankole Ayomipo , O Mosuro G. , Maigana Maryam Sani , Isah Bunyaminu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Rapid urbanization and population growth in Lagos State have significantly transformed Land Use and Land Cover (LULC), resulting in profound alterations to key ecosystem services (ES), including provisioning, regulating, and supporting functions. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of LULC changes from 1985 to 2022, investigating their spatiotemporal dynamics and associated impacts on urban expansion, surface water resources, soil health, and carbon storage. Lagos State (Nigeria), as a rapidly urbanizing megacity, serves as a case study to illustrate these dynamics and their broader implications for sustainable urban development. High-resolution geospatial datasets, such as GLC_FCS30D, were processed using QGIS and Google Earth Engine for spatial analysis, while the InVEST model was used to quantify ecosystem service changes. Our findings reveal a 266% increase in impervious surfaces, predominantly replacing forests and wetlands. This transition has reduced infiltration capacity, heightened flood risks, and disrupted biodiversity-supporting habitats. Surface water areas showed marked fluctuations, with a significant decline from 1995 to 2005 attributable to anthropogenic activities. Soil quality analysis identified increased bulk density, reduced organic carbon, and diminished fertility in urbanized zones, undermining essential functions such as carbon sequestration and soil health. Our study highlights the urgent need for sustainable land management and the integration of nature-based solutions to mitigate the adverse environmental impacts of urbanization. Thus, providing a critical framework for policy interventions aimed at enhancing ecosystem resilience in the rapidly evolving landscape of Lagos State.
An Outbreak of Newcastle Disease in a Commercial
Poultry Farm in Jigjiga, Ethiopia: A Case Report
Authors: Hassan Yahia Y. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Newcastle Disease is a highly contagious and economically damaging viral disease that affects chickens worldwide. It is characterized by high mortality rates, reaching up to 100% in unvaccinated flocks. This case report describes Newcastle disease an outbreak at a small-scale poultry farm in Qordher, Jigjiga, Ethiopia. The farm initially housed 1500 chickens with no prior vaccination history. When the outbreak was reported, 120 chickens had died, and several exhibited clinical signs such as reduced feed intake, coughing, wing drooping, neck twisting, incoordination, greenish watery diarrhea, and depression. Post-mortem examinations revealed hemorrhages in the trachea, proventriculus, caecal tonsils, and intestinal wall. To manage the outbreak, Oxytetracycline HCl (200 mg/4.5 liters of drinking water for 5-7 days) was administered to control secondary bacterial infections, and Stresswin (100 g/200 liters of water for 3-5 days) was used as an immune stimulant. Additionally, the owner was advised to implement biosecurity measures, including isolating sick birds, improving ventilation, and reducing overcrowding.
Accurate Prediction of Noise Generation and Propagation
Authors: Marzouk Osama A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Jet engines are characterized by high-speed free jets. The fact that Federal Aviation Regulations regarding noise levels retard the progress in high speed civil transport planes raises the interest in accurate methods to predict and reduce jet noise. Here, the perturbed flow field of a supersonic jet is solved using an advantageous numerical technique, and the associated noise filed is predicted. Comparisons with experimental results show that this technique is efficient for this kind of problems as it gives accurate results without requiring a lot of computational power. Due to the nature of the problem, special attention needs to be given to the numerical method as well as the boundary treatments. We observed radial acoustic profiles at different axial distances, where peak intensity is encountered before the decay.
Waterborne and foodborne diseases: The peril of expansion of wastewater reuse in Jordan and Lebanon
Authors: Faour-Klingbeil Dima , Todd Ewen C. D. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
As the Arab region faces water scarcity, many countries focus on increasing water reuse to address this crisis. However, the readiness and need for wastewater (WW) reuse in agricultural production vary depending on the country or region. Also, the contaminants present in WW vary with the sources of the effluents and the activities in the area where the WW is generated; while some countries have well-established water reuse systems in place, others are still in the early stages of development affected, among others, by inadequate infrastructure, technology, and regulations. In this paper, we discussed the current WW treatment management in Jordan and Lebanon, where agriculture plays a vital role in reuse. Despite their scarcity, we also reviewed available data on waterborne diseases in an attempt to underline the relationship between food- and waterborne diseases, the prevailing water and WW management practices in these countries, and the indispensable significance of implementing risk assessment protocols for the betterment of public health. Furthermore, we have addressed risk management, encompassing the requisite procedures for WW treatment and vigilant monitoring to guarantee compliance with the pertinent quality standards.
Improving Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Treatment in High-fat
Diet Fed Mice with Fisetin and Hydroxychloroquine: The
Cooperative Pathways for Improved Metabolic Health
Authors: Sattari Mahboobe , Panahi Ghodratollah , Shahaboddin Mohammad Esmaeil , Sattari Mohadese , Amiri Siavash , Taheri Maryam Akhavan , Karimpour Amin , Amri Jamal 
Published: February 2025

Background:
The high incidence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
(NAFLD) as a hepatic component of metabolic syndrome is attributed to the ongoing
rise in obesity rates. Given the beneficial effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) on
metabolism, there is growing interest in combining it with fisetin (FSN), a natural product,
to treat NAFLD more effectively.

Objective:
The efficacy and safety of the combined therapy of FSN and HCQ in animal
models of NAFLD were assessed, focusing on liver function, insulin sensitivity, oxidative
stress, and inflammation.

Materials and Methods:
C57BL/6J mice were fed either a standard chow diet or a high-
-fat diet to induce NAFLD. FSN and HCQ were administered to the mice, and biochemical
parameters related to glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as oxidative stress markers,
were measured in serum and liver tissue. Analyses included Oil Red O staining, mRNA
levels of key lipid metabolism molecules, and immunohistochemical assessments of
macrophage infiltration. Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 9.

Results:
While the HCQ group exhibited some improvements in certain markers, it also
displayed adverse effects. The FSN group, particularly the FSN + HCQ group, effectively
reversed insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and NAFLD markers by modulating
lipid metabolism and inflammation pathways. HCQ exacerbated oxidative stress, which
was mitigated by the effects of FSN.

Conclusion:
Despite concerns regarding the long-term side effects of HCQ, its combination
with FSN presents a promising approach for improving the management of NAFLD
by reducing risks and enhancing outcomes.
Therapeutic Potential of Desert Truffles in the Management of Eye Infections: Demystifying the Fact
Authors: Abul Barkat Md 
Published: February 2025

Abstract:
Truffle, an ascomycetous, hypogeous macrofungi, has long been recognized and valued
for its therapeutic and dietary properties. Of late, a range of medicinal compounds, such as
ergosterol, tuberoside anandamide, polysaccharides, and phenolics exhibiting anti-inflammatory,
immunomodulatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and aphrodisiac properties have been identified in
truffles. This review provides an update on contemporary truffle research with a focus on antimicrobial
potentials and aims to draw the attention of researchers to exploit the therapeutic potential
of truffles in the management of eye infections. The scholarly literature pertaining to the utilization
of desert truffles in the management of ocular infections was systematically summarized
and reviewed from multiple databases, including Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection,
PubMed, and others. The essence of truffle is used as a remedy for trachoma and as an antiinflammatory
agent for ocular problems. The most probable inhibitory constituents are the fungal
lectins, polysaccharides, and laccases. Truffle lectins possess the ability to identify and remove
bacterial exopolysaccharides. In addition, the fungal polysaccharides affect the bacterial
defensive systems. Conversely, laccases facilitate the process of oxidizing phenols, resulting in
the release of superoxide anion radicals and the production of hydrogen peroxide. The application
of desert truffles in addressing ocular issues has been clinically observed to be satisfactory.
The existing literature clearly indicates a pressing need for further investigation into the translation
of the antimicrobial properties of crude truffle extract into truffle-based pharmaceutical formulations
for clinical application.
Umbelliferone Enhances Immune Function in Cyclophosphamide-Induced Immunosuppressed Mice via Histidine and Purine Metabolism Regulation
Authors: Li Mei , Wang Jing , Huo Bingjie , Wan Qianqian , Xing Liwei , Wang Yuming , Pei Huan , Wang Li , Xia Yafei , Cui Huantian 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression significantly impacts patient’s quality of
life. Umbelliferone (UMB) is known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic properties, but
its effects on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppression need further study.

Methods:
We established a CTX-induced immunosuppressed mouse model and administered varying doses of
UMB. Immune function was assessed by evaluating white blood cells, lymphocytes, thymus and spleen indices,
and CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratios. Serum levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, IgA, IgM, and IgG, along with macrophage
phagocytic activity, NK cytotoxicity, and lymphocyte proliferation, were measured. Untargeted metabolomics
was used to identify key pathways regulated by UMB, and RT-qPCR and Western blotting were performed to
analyze the expression of related enzymes and metabolites.

Results:
UMB intervention increased white blood cells, lymphocytes, thymus and spleen indices, and
CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratios in CTX-immunosuppressed mice. It reversed reduced levels of serum IL-2, IFN-γ,
IgA, IgM, and IgG and improved macrophage phagocytic activity, NK cytotoxicity, and lymphocyte proliferation.
Key pathways identified by metabolomics included histidine and purine metabolism. UMB improved levels
of histamine, L-glutamate, L-aspartate, xanthine, dAMP, deoxyinosine, xanthosine, and cGMP and upregulated
HDC, ASPA, and PNP while downregulating XDH, PDE5, ROS, and MDA in spleen tissue. UMB enhanced
SOD activity and GSH levels and reduced apoptosis, as indicated by lower TUNEL-positive expression.

Conclusion:
UMB enhanced immune function in CTX-immunosuppressed mice through the regulation of histidine
and purine metabolism, exhibiting antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. These findings highlight the
potential of UMB in mitigating immunosuppression.
Preclinical Pharmacology of CX1837, a High-Impact Ampakine with an
Improved Safety Margin: Implications for Treating Alzheimer’s Disease
and Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Radin Daniel P. , Zhong Sheng , Cerne Rok , Shoaib Mohammed , Smith Jodi L. , Witkin Jeffrey , Lippa Arnold 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
For over a decade, AMPA receptor allosteric potentiators (AMPAkines)
have shown significant effectiveness in multiple preclinical studies related to neurodegenerative
and psychiatric disorders underpinned by deficient excitatory synaptic activity. Despite promising
preclinical evidence, the clinical translation of AMPAkines has been slow due to the propensity of
some of these compounds to produce seizures at or around therapeutic doses.

Materials and: Methods:
The preclinical activity of the AMPAkine CX1837 is disclosed in the
current work.

Results:
CX1837 enhanced synaptic transmission in hippocampal slices in vitro and dose-dependently
enhanced long-term potentiation, which is believed to control memory consolidation.
CX1837 boosted performance in cognition tests, such as the novel object recognition test and the
win-shift radial arm maze. CX1837 also increased attentional functioning in the 5-choice serial reaction
time task involving rats. CX1837 produced positive preclinical effects at 0.01-1.0 mg/kg
dose and elicited epileptic effects at 10 mg/kg dose. Discussion: CX1837 has demonstrated to
have one of the largest safety margins to date in preclinical studies. Low doses of CX1837, which
produce acute increases in cognition, may potentially increase neurotrophins when given chronically.
This could slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease and reverse deficits secondary to ischemic
stroke.

Conclusion:
Together, our findings highlight CX1837 as a potential candidate for clinical development
in order to treat multiple neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
Prospective Memory in Mobile: Using Smartphone-Based Calendars to Rehabilitate Prospective Memory in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: El Haj Mohamad , Gallouj Karim , Antoine Pascal , Chapelet Guillaume 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
The rapid growth of mobile phone use and internet access among older
adults can provide valuable opportunities for clinicians and researchers to incorporate these technologies
into the memory rehabilitation of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Building on
this opportunity, previous research has used smartphone calendar applications to cue prospective
memory in patients with AD. However, in these studies, the calendar has been programmed to
send cues only about the time of prospective events.

Method:
We investigated the benefits of the smartphone calendar applications sending notifications
about both the time and location of the prospective events. We recruited two groups. In the
first group (time-and-location-cued group), we configured smartphone-based calendars to send notifications
about the time and location of prospective events, while in the second group (time-cued
group), we configured smartphone-based calendars to send notifications only about the time of
prospective events. In both groups, we invited patients to attend three prospective events per week
during a three-week period.

Results:
The results demonstrated fewer omissions in the time- and location-cued group than in
the time-cued group.

Conclusion:
Providing patients with AD with several contextual cues through smartphone-based
calendars may result in better prospective performance than providing them with only one contextual
cue.
Enhanced Efficacy of Radiation Therapy against Glioblastoma by Attenuated Salmonella Carrying Co-Expression Plasmids with siRNA-PD-L1 and Endostatin
Authors: Ji Yinghua , Guo Jiaming , Jiang Hanyu , Ren Weiwei , Geng Jiaxin , Lei Mengyu , Li Jiahang , Dang Peiyuan , Wang Yu , Chen Xin , Zhao Tiesuo , Lu Chengbiao , Jia Huijie , Yang Jin 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Glioblastoma (GBM), a common type of brain tumor, is currently treatable through radiation therapy. However, there is room for improvement in the effec-tiveness of treatment. Radiation can lead to an increase in the expression of PD-L1 and VEGF, which might reduce the responsiveness of the tumor to the therapy. This situation underlines the necessity for innovative treatment strategies.

Objectives:
In this study, we investigated the potential of attenuated Salmonella carrying the co-expressing plasmid siPD-L1-Endo to effectively inhibit PD-L1 and VEGF expres-sion, thereby enhancing the anti-tumor effects of radiation therapy in GBM-bearing mice.

Methods:
The regulatory mechanisms responsible for the treatment effect were detected by Flow cytometry, Immunohistochemistry, TUNEL, Immunofluorescence, H&E staining, and Western blot assays.

Results:
Upon administration of attenuated Salmonella carrying siRNA-PD-L1 and co-expressing endostatin plasmids, the results exhibited significant suppression of tumor growth and tumor cell proliferation, as well as a concurrent decrease in PD-L1 and VEGF expression in tumor tissues. Moreover, the treatment led to reduced expression levels of tumor-related proteins p-Stat3, MMP2, Cyclin D1, and PCNA, an increase in the expres-sion of the apoptosis-related protein cleaved-caspase3, facilitated infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells within tumor tissues, and an elevation of the ratios of CD4+, CD8+ T cells, and NK cells in the spleen of tumor-bearing mice.

Conclusion:
These findings highlight the ability of attenuated Salmonella carrying siR-NA-PD-L1 and co-expressing endostatin plasmids to effectively modulate PD-L1 and VEGF expression, thus strengthening the anti-tumor immune response in GBM-bearing mice subjected to radiation therapy. This combination therapy approach holds promise as a potential avenue for improving the efficacy of radiation therapy in the treatment of glio-blastoma.
Effects of Physical Exercise and the Use of Doxorubicin on Cardiac Function in Rodents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Linhares Bruno Gama , Linhares Diego Gama , Vale Rodrigo Gomes de Souza 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Anthracycline-based chemotherapy, such as Doxorubicin (DOX), often
induces cardiotoxicity in cancer patients, which compromises their health and quality of life.

Objective:
This study aimed to verify the effects of exercise concomitant with prolonged administration
of DOX on improving cardiotoxicity.

Methods:
A systematic literature search in MedLine, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases
was performed from inception until November 2023, strictly following the Preferred Reporting
Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Preclinical randomized
controlled trials related to exercise, cardiotoxicity, and DOX were included.

Results:
Eight studies were included in the systematic review and 7 were selected for metaanalysis. By evaluating the Fractional Shortening (FS), it was possible to verify that exercise as complementary therapy provided a cardioprotective effect when compared to DOX combined with sedentary behavior (heterogeneity: I² = 53%; tau² = 0.19; p = 0.03; overall effect: z = 2.69; p < 0.01). However, no additional benefits were observed for the Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) (heterogeneity: I² = 82%; tau² = 1.43; p < 0.01; overall effect: z = 1.42; p = 0.15).

Conclusion:
The included studies demonstrated exercise to have a cardioprotective effect on rodents,
mainly on FS. However, there is a lack of high-level evidence to guide exercise prescription
in clinical practice to improve cardiotoxicity associated with DOX administration.
Integrative Multi-Omics Approaches for Personalized Medicine and Health
Authors: Tiwari Prateek , Pandey Raghvendra , Chadha Sonia 
Published: February 2025

Introduction:
Multi-omics data integration has transformed personalized medicine,
providing a comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms and informed precision therapeutic
options. Multi-omics data generated for the same samples/patients can help in getting insights into
the flow of biological information at several levels, thereby providing in-depth information regarding
the molecular mechanisms underlying pathological conditions. Multi-omics integration
plays a pivotal role in personalized medicine by providing comprehensive insights into the complex
biological systems of individual patients. This review provides a comprehensive account of the current
and future progress brought into multi-omics methodologies, promising to refine diagnostics
and therapeutic strategy by integrating genomic, transcriptomic analyses, proteomics approaches
and metabolome screens.

Methods:
A literature search was performed in PubMed using keywords like genomics, proteomics,
transcriptomics, metabolomics, multi-omics, and precision medicine to identify published research
articles. A thorough review of all results was then conducted, and their results and conclusions were
compiled and summarized.

Result:
By analyzing various omics layers, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and
metabolomics, multi-omics approaches enable the identification of patient-specific molecular traits
and the discovery of new clinical therapeutics for diseases. Integration of various data types augments
diagnostics, optimizes therapeutic regimens and supports personalized medicine according to
an individual patient profile.

Conclusion:
Integration of multi-omics data and its applications in various fields, such as cancer research,
helps in optimizing patient-specific treatment and improvement of patient health. With time,
as these technologies reach more people, they stand to democratize precision medicine and hopefully
bridge health disparities. In conclusion, the present review highlights multiomics data integration
as a transformative step towards personalized medicine and ultimately changing patient care from
empirical-based to precision or individualized.