bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparability of Traditional Persian Medicine with the New Concepts of Personal and Precision Medicine: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Norouzi Mojtaba , Haghdoost Ali Akbar , Karimiafshar Maryam , Setayesh Mohammad 
Published: June 2024

Traditional Persian Medicine (TPM) has a thousand-year history and a holistic approach that respects personal characteristics in its diagnosis and management. The objective of this study was to explore the concepts of personal and precision medicine in traditional Persian and modern medicine. A qualitative study design with a content analysis approach was conducted. Purposive and snowball sampling approaches were used to select participants. Then, we approached experts in various fields, including TPM, genetics, epidemiology, physiology, pharmacy, and general medicine. In the beginning, we summarized the concept of personalized medicine (PM) and asked them how many similarities and differences they might find between TPM and PM. A semi-structured questionnaire with six parts was used to collect data. The duration of each interview varied from 30 to 65 min. The interviews and experts’ viewpoints were recorded via an online platform and transcribed verbatim. The data analysis process involved several sequential steps: initial familiarization, coding, theme generation, theme review, theme definition and naming, and final writing. After coding all texts and extracting issues, categories and conceptual frameworks were created by interpreting the content. To analyze the data, the content analysis approach assisted by MAXQDA 2018 software was used. More than 70% of participants showed a favorable attitude in all evaluated parts. Approximately 80% of participants agreed that there are parallels between TPM and precision medicine; for example, in TPM and precision medicine, patients are treated with respect to their characteristics. More than 80% of participants thought temperamentology may help with patient diagnosis and treatment. They also suggested that TPM concepts could be used to improve and accelerate the implementation of precision medicine. The majority of participants acknowledged the use of phenotypes to reduce the reliance on genetics in precision medicine. However, several participants expressed skepticism. According to the participants, these concepts will not be beneficial unless TPM aligns with modern medicine. In addition, there must be scientific evidence confirming the association between different genes and temperaments. The advent of precision medicine does not mean disregarding TPM; rather, the concepts of TPM can be used in precision medicine. For example, phenotype can assist in reducing the reliance on genetics in precision medicine. Because phenotype, as an important concept in TPM, is the external manifestation of the genotype. In addition, like precision medicine, TPM can help to provide personalized medical treatment based on people's temperament.
Bitter Taste in the Treatment of Heart Diseases from Avicenna’s Point of View
Authors: Mohammadi-Araghi Maryam , Tabarrai Malihe , Zargaran Arman , Nejatbakhsh Fatemeh 
Published: June 2024

The function of bitter taste due to the existence of too much of its receptor on many extra-oral tissues is not only related to the oral cavity, but is effective in many physiological functions. More than ten centuries ago, Avicenna (980–1032 CE), a Persian physician, pointed to the effects and functions of various tastes in the body. In this research, we examined the heart medicines mentioned by Avicenna, relying on their taste, especially the bitter taste. The books used in the case of Persian Medicine included the following: Qanun Fi al-Teb (Canon of Medicine), Manafe-al-Aghzieh va Daf-e-Mazareha and Treatise on Cardiac Drugs. In addition, articles published in English in the last 10 years were searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and Embase. Vasodilation, inotropic effects, cardio-protection, digital like effect, reducing the accumulation of calcium and nitric oxide in the heart, antioxidant activity, improving heart metabolism and preserving mitochondrial function after MI are some of the cardiovascular effects of Avicenna`s bitter tasting heart medicines, which are also confirmed by clinical evidences in modern investigations. The findings of this research show that the function of bitter-tasting herbal drugs in the body can have beneficial cardiovascular effects, some of which have been proven in studies, and more researches is needed in this field.
Nontraumatic Pseudoaneurysm of the Deep Palmar Arch in a 10-Month-Old Infant
Authors: Solaiman Rafat H. , Freking Will , Navarro Sergio M. , Racila Emilian , Acton Robert D. , Van Heest Ann 
Published: June 2024

Case:
Pseudoaneurysms of the hand are rare among the adult population and even more rare in pediatric patients. We report a case of a 10-month-old boy who presented with a nontraumatic pseudoaneurysm of the deep palmar arch, likely of congenital etiology. Magnetic resonance imaging and angiography identified the growing left hand palmar mass. Surgical excision without the need for vascular reconstruction was performed successfully with no recurrence or complications at 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
Surgical excision is an effective treatment for large or symptomatic palmar pseudoaneurysms of likely congenital origin. Vascular reconstruction after excision must be considered on a case-by-case basis to ensure adequate hand perfusion.
Comparing Microbial Communities in Mucilage and Surrounding Seawater: Metagenomic Insights into Mucilage Formation in the Marmara Sea
Authors: Gundogdu Aycan , Nalbantoglu Ozkan Ufuk , Karis Gizem , Sarikaya Ilknur , Erdogan Meryem N. , Hora Mehmet , Aslan Herdem 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

In 2021, the rapid emergence of mucilage in the Marmara Sea raised concerns about its environmental impact. This study compares mucilage and seawater samples from 16 stations across the Marmara Sea using shotgun metagenomic sequencing and bioinformatics. Sampling was conducted from April to September 2021 across varying oceanographic conditions, including different temperatures and salinity levels, to identify changes in the microbial community. Results showed that 58% of the reads in mucilage samples could not be assigned to any taxon, indicating significant microbial "dark matter." Clean seawater was characterized by a higher presence of Euryarchaeota, Proteobacteria, and Rhodothermaeota, while Chlamydiae and Fusobacteria were dominant in mucilage. Pre-mucilage seawater samples showed microbial compositions similar to mucilage, suggesting a link between microbiome imbalance and mucilage formation. These findings provide a comparative metagenomic analysis highlighting the need for further studies to understand mucilage's environmental impact and develop early warning strategies.
Study on microbial metabolic mechanism of activated sludge denitrification by A2O process under strong solar radiation in highland habitat
Authors: PENG Xianpai , ZONG Yongchen , WANG Jun , FU Chunhui , JI Jiaao , LIU Leran , LI Peifeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The effects of plateau solar radiation on microbial abundance and diversity and metabolism during the formal operation of the A2O reactor were analyzed by running three parallel A2O units with solar radiation, constant temperature and room temperature laterally. The results showed that when the formal operation reached the 180th day, the nitrogen removal effect of the solar radiation A2O reactor decreased significantly compared with that of the constant temperature and room temperature units in general; the number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the solar radiation, constant temperature and room temperature A2O systems were 1140, 972 and 1000, and the solar radiation reactor showed an increasing trend throughout the whole process, and the metabolic function of the dominant genera of microorganisms was dominated by organic matter degradation, denitrification and denitrogenation, and the metabolic pathways were dominated by carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and it was also found that the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) increased with the increase in the duration of solar radiation exposure. The bacterial diversity of the solar A2O system was lower than that of the constant and room temperature systems up to 90 days, and the relative abundance of some common dominant genera in the sludge was suppressed by solar radiation, but the abundance of some denitrification-related genera and their functional genes were instead strengthened in the solar radiation reactor.
Compound Kushen Injection improves radiation enteritis via cannabinoid receptor 1 in rats
Authors: Xu Wenjing , Gao Liping , Zou Wenjuan , Tang Xiaohui , Nian Weiqi , Zheng Weiqin , Huang Rongzhong , Wang Pei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: Clinical studies have shown that Compound Kushen Injection (CKI) can alleviate the inflammatory symptoms of radiation enteritis. However, the mechanism of action remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the possible targets and mechanisms of CKI in the treatment of radiation enteritis.
Methods: Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets of CKI for the treatment of radiation enteritis, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were subsequently performed. The therapeutic effects and signalling pathways were then verified in rats. The expression of inflammatory factors in ileal tissue was measured by qRT-PCR. The activities of SOD and GSH-Px in ileal tissue were measured by ELISA. The levels of MDA, ROS and NO were determined using biochemical kits. The expression of signalling pathway-related proteins was detected by Western blotting and immunofluorescence.
Results: According to network pharmacology, CB1 might be a target of CKI. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that CKI was significantly enriched in analgesic, endocannabinoid and inflammatory pathways. In the rat model, Compared with that in the radiotherapy group,the extent of ileal injury was significantly improved in the CKI group compared to the control group. In addition, the infiltration of CD68 and CD16b was significantly reduced, and the expression of MCP1, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 was significantly decreased. In addition, the activities of SOD and GSH-Px were increased, and the activities of MDA, ROS and NO were decreased. The CKI group also showed inhibition of NF-κB signalling and a significant decrease in the expression of NOX4, CB1 and p-p38 MAPK/p38 MAPK. The use of a CB1 agonist could also alleviate radiation enteritis, whereas the addition of a CB1 antagonist could interfere with the ameliorative effect of CKI on radiation enteritis.
Conclusions: CKI might exert an anti-radiation enteritis effect by targeting the cannabinoid receptor 1.
Spark based parallelized FM algorithm research
Authors: deng fan , wang jiabin , lv sheng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

For traditional Factorization Machines (FM) algorithms and various deep learning-based FM algorithms, although they perform well in tasks such as feature learning and recommender systems, they are often single-computer operations that require powerful computational and storage resources, and they have problems such as excessive irrelevant feature redundancy, slow convergence and low efficiency of parallelized training when running on large-scale datasets training efficiency, a Spark-based parallelized FM (SFM) algorithm is proposed. With the efficient distributed processing platform provided by Spark, the parallel computing of RDD datasets on multiple machines in the HDFS cluster can accelerate the processing speed, and at the same time ensure the scalability and fault tolerance when processing large-scale data. Part of the publicly available advertisement dataset is used for the experimental data. The experimental results show that the parallelized FM algorithm has better performance in recommendation accuracy, recall, F1 value, and scalability, and at the same time, it can significantly improve the operation efficiency in the case of large-scale data through multi-node parallelism.
Estimation of the high-cycle fatigue behaviour of timber connections with inclined screws under tension
Authors: Niebuhr Peter Lothar , Sieder Mike 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Based on 31 quasistatic tests and 27 constant-amplitudefatigue tests the withdrawal behaviour of a self-tapping timber screw under cyclic loading is examined in two configurations with regard to the penetration length. Together with similar results from earlier withdrawal tests on threaded rods, indications of a dependence of the bearable load cycles on the penetration length are found where a larger penetration length yields inferior performance under cyclic loads. Further, in conjunction with results from earlier axial tensile tests on the examined screw, insights into the transition point between steel tensile failure and withdrawal are gained.
The obtained results on the withdrawal failure mode are combined with results from earlier studies to develop a proposal for a holistic verification concept for the high-cycle fatigue design of connections with inclined self-tapping screws. After a discussion of the state of knowledge regarding the relevant failure modes, the verification is reduced to the dominant failure modes withdrawal and steel tensile failure, while subsidiary effects such as bending in the fastener are inherentlyconsidered.
Bmlark is essential for embryo development
Authors: Peng Yuling , Li Jin , Niu Kangkang , Wang Man , Chen Yanfei , Tong Chunmei , Feng Qili 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Transcription factor lark has been demonstrated to play multiple functions in Drosophila, but the function of this gene in embryo development remains to be elucidated.
Results
In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing method was used to construct a Bmlark mutant strain of Bombyx mori to investigate the roles of this gene. The results showed that the homozygous mutant Bmlark−/− was lethal. The Bmlark−/− embryos showed obvious developmental defects, such as defective sclerotization and melanization of exoskeleton. Transcriptomic comparison of Bmlark−/− and wild-type embryos showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in the structure and metabolism processes of chitin and cuticles. While the expression levels of chitin metabolism-related enzyme genes did not significantly change, the expression levels of 63 putative cuticle protein genes showed significant difference in the mutant embryos as compared to the wild-type embryos. The expression levels of transcription factor POUM2 and eight wing disc cuticle protein genes (WCPs) were also changed. While the expression level of TH in the tyrosine-mediated pigmentation pathway was up-regulated in the mutant embryos, the expression levels of the four key pigment synthesis genes DDC, aaNAT, Laccase2A, and yellow-f2 were significantly down-regulated.
Conclusions
The expression levels of 63 putative cuticle protein genes, eight WCPs and five pigment synthesis genes were significantly changed in Bmlark mutants. These results suggest that Bmlark is essential for normal development of cuticle and tyrosine-mediated melanization in silkworm embryo.
Antibacterial Efficacy of Peppermint Oil Microcapsules on Denim: A Comparative Study of Washing Resistance
Authors: Doğan Merve , Göz Eda , Yüceer Mehmet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Incorporating Mentha piperita essential oils into denim fabrics was investigated using three distinct microencapsulation techniques: simple coacervation, interfacial polymerization, and microfluidics. The encapsulated essential oils were applied to 3/1Z, 100% cotton denim through novel finishing, coating, and coating-washing methodologies. A comprehensive evaluation of the performance characteristics of the fabric, including tensile strength, abrasion resistance, dry and wet rub fastness, and color difference, was conducted. Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) meticulously characterized the microcapsules. Initial results demonstrated that the fabric maintained complete antibacterial efficacy up to the first home wash across all encapsulation methods. However, a gradual decline in antibacterial activity was observed in subsequent wash cycles. In conclusion, the microcapsules generated via the microfluidic technique exhibited superior durability, retaining 80% antibacterial activity after five wash cycles. These findings offer valuable insights into the sustainable application of natural antibacterial agents within the functional textile industry.
Mito-apocynin protects against kainic acid-induced excitotoxicity by ameliorating mitochondrial impairment
Authors: Lin Miaomiao , Wan Xiaorui , Wu Huanchen , Liu Na , Jiang Yiyue , Sheng Yichao , Wang Jing , Xu Haidong , Xue Jie , Qin Zhenghong , Wang Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Neurodegenerative diseases are major global health problems with increasing incidence rates. A large amount of data suggests that excitotoxicity is a potential target of neurodegenerative diseases. However, effective pharmacological interventions against excitotoxicity are lacking. We aimed to elucidate the neuroprotective effect and mechanism of the mitochondrion-targeted NOX inhibitor mito-apocynin on kainic acid (KA)-induced excitotoxicity. We found that KA impaired mitochondrial morphology and led to impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism and dysfunction. In Western blotting experiments, KA disrupted mitochondrial quality control. In Nissl staining and CCK8 experiments, Mito-apocynin attenuated the death of neurons due to excitotoxic damage induced by KA both in vivo and in vitro. Mito-apocynin ameliorated neurobehavior induced by KA deficits in vivo and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. Mito-apocynin significantly reversed the increase in NOX4 levels caused by KA in the mitochondria of the striatum, decreased phosphorylated DRP1 (Ser616)/total DRP1 and increased PGC-1α, PINK1 and Parkin protein expression in the total striatum. In summary, Mito-apocynin alleviated oxidative stress, maintained normal mitochondrial function and energy metabolism levels, and promoted the balance of mitochondrial quality control by regulating the expression of NOX in mitochondria, thus reducing KA-induced excitatory toxic damage.
Reviewing the Effectiveness of Medical Teaching Institute Reforms on Tertiary Health Care in Pakistan: Perspectives from Management, Faculty, and Administration
Authors: Qamar Wajiha , Qayum Mehran , Nisa Waqar-un , Ali Asma 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: The study was conducted with an objective to assess the impact of the Medical Teaching Institution (MTI) promulgated in tertiary health care, on autonomy and overall performance within healthcare institutions in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2023 to March 2024, involving interviews with frontline staff, administrative personnel, and senior management within MTI-affiliated institutions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, using both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques.
Results: The study showed that institutional staff members' knowledge and understanding of the MTI changes differed. Some observed very minor adjustments, while others saw advances in hospital operations and service delivery. Administrative complexity, political meddling, and resource allocation problems were noted as challenges. Positive results were also observed, though, and they included improved infrastructure, possibilities for staff training, and decision-making procedures.
Conclusion: Despite the improvements brought about by the MTI reforms, problems still exist, underscoring the necessity of multifaceted strategies and teamwork to properly address them. Sustaining improvement necessitates constant assessment, flexible approaches, and a dedication to improving KP healthcare delivery.
Millennial-Scale Microbiome Analysis Reveals Ancient Antimicrobial Resistance Conserved Despite Modern Selection Pressures
Authors: Gomathinayagam Sankaranarayanan , Kanagalingam Swathi , Chandrasekaran Srimathi , Thirumoorthy Krishnan , Muthukaliannan Gothandam Kodiveri 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Antimicrobial resistance presents a formidable challenge, yet its existence predates the introduction of antibiotics. Our study delves into the presence of antimicrobial resistance determinants (ARDs) in ancient permafrost microbiomes, comparing them with contemporary soil and pristine environments. Majority of the samples are from regions around Beringia, encompassing parts of Russia and Alaska, with only one sample originating from the Tien Shan Mountain range in Kyrgyzstan.Results From over 2.3 tera base pairs of raw metagenomic data, we assembled about 1.3 billion metagenomic contigs and explored the prevalence of ARDs in them. Our findings reveal a diverse array of ARDs in ancient microbiomes, akin to contemporary counterparts. On average, we identified 2 ARDs per ribosomal protein gene in ancient samples. Actinomycetota, Bacillota, and several thermophiles were prominent carriers of ARDs in Chukochi and Kamchatkan samples. Conversely, ancient permafrost from the Tien Shan Mountain range exhibited no Thermophiles or Actinomycetota carrying ARDs. Both ancient and contemporary microbiomes showcased numerous divergent ARDs, majority of which have identity between 40%-60% to genes in antibiotic resistance gene databases. Antibiotic inactivation-type ARDs exhibited purifying selection with contemporary resistance genes, as estimated by dN/dS ratio.Conclusion Antibiotic resistance has always existed and will continue to do so, as it is inherently encoded in the genomes of microbes. The classes of antimicrobial resistance genes profiled and the function of antibiotic-inactivating enzymes from ancient permafrost microbiomes do not seem to be very different from the genes found in the antibiotic era. Additionally, we retrieved 359 putative complete viruses from ancient microbiomes and none of them harboured any ARDs.
The Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination Rate on Traffic Recovery
Authors: Zhang Suyanpeng , Jin Jing , Yu Han , Hong Ying , Sood Neeraj , Suen Sze-chuan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in the US, traffic sharply fell due to social distancing policies in many locations. Correspondingly, many regions observed an increase in traffic volume (traffic recovery) as the pandemic eased in 2022. We examine how vaccination rates influence traffic recovery in Los Angeles County (LAC), controlling for differences in case counts, demographics, and socioeconomic factors across areas with different vaccination rates. We use arterial road sensor data as a proxy for the traffic volume near each ZIP code, alongside their respective demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. We find that a higher vaccination rate is statistically significantly associated with a larger traffic recovery, a finding that remains consistent across all explored models. This implies that a rise in the vaccination rate might enhance the public's perception of protection, leading to a larger traffic recovery. Moreover, we found that variables including population, income, race, work industry, and commuting preferences were correlated with vaccination rates. This highlights potential inequalities based on race, income, and industry sectors in the COVID-19 vaccination and a return to normal traffic flow.