bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospun Fibers From Esterified Starch of Tubers: Effect of Concentration and Source of Starch on Fibers Performance
Authors: Fonseca Laura Martins , Santos Felipe Nardo dos , Pires Juliani Buchveitz , Cruz Elder Pacheco da , Pacheco Camila de Oliveira , Diaz Patrícia Silva , Dias Alvaro Renato Guerra , Zavareze Elessandra da Rosa 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to verify the performance of electrospun fibers fabrication based on tuber starch and evaluate the influence of viscosity and degree of esterification on the properties of the fibers. The polymeric solutions were fabricated using taro, yam, sweet potato, and potato starches at different concentrations using formic acid as solvent. The starches were evaluated for amylose content, with values ranging from 10.6% (taro starch) to 33.7% (sweet potato starch) and esterification degree (promoted by formic acid), which varied from 0.62 (yam starch) to 1.11 (sweet potato starch). The polymeric solutions were evaluated for electrical conductivity and rheological measurements. In general, it was possible to observe that lower concentrations of the polymeric solutions showed decreased flow resistance, which was favorable for the formation of fibers. The tuber‐starch fibers were fabricated by electrospinning and assessed by morphology, size distribution, and thermogravimetric properties. The mean diameter of the fibers ranged from 133 to 849 nm, showing high thermal stability. The starch concentration and degree of substitution influenced the polymeric solution, directly affecting the electrospinnability and properties of fibers.
Shear behavior of bolted connectors with double embedded nuts in composite beams with steel‐fiber reinforced concrete SFRC slabs
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhang Xie‐dong , Wang Hong‐xu , Zhang Bai , Dong Hang , Liu Ying‐qi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe behavior of bolted connectors with double embedded nuts (BCDENs) in steel‐fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) remains uncertain, restricting their application in steel‐SFRC composite beams. This study explored the shear performance of four push‐off test specimens, varying bolt diameters, bolt grades, and concrete strength. The analysis covered failure modes, load–slip response, load–strain behavior, shear resistance, initial slip load, stiffness, peak slip, and ductility of BCDENs. Bolt shearing off was the prevalent failure mode observed in all specimens, occasionally accompanied by concrete crushing beneath the nuts. The incorporation of steel fibers in normal‐weight concrete (NC) effectively mitigated the formation and propagation concrete cracks. The horizontal slip of the concrete slab ranged between 10.8% and 26.0% of the vertical steel‐concrete slip. Shear resistance and post‐slip stiffness escalated with increased concrete strength, bolt diameter, and bolt grade. Validated FE models were employed for parametric studies involving concrete strength, bolt pretension, diameter, and tensile strength. Based on experimental and FE findings, practical design recommendations were proposed for predicting shear resistance and force‐displacement response of BCDENs in steel‐SFRC composite beams.
Overview of 1q abnormalities in multiple myeloma: scientific opinions from Italian experts
Authors: D’Agostino Mattia , Martello Marina , De Paoli Lorenzo , Mangiacavalli Silvia , Derudas Daniele , Fazio Francesca , Furlan Anna , Liberatore Carmine , Mele Giuseppe , Mina Roberto , Ria Roberto , Zamagni Elena 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy characterised by high genomic heterogeneity. One of the most common cytogenic abnormalities in MM is the gain of genetic material at the long arm (q) of chromosome 1 (+ 1q). While many mechanisms of resistance have been associated with + 1q alterations (e.g. CD38 downregulation, impairment of complement-dependent cytotoxicity, or induction of immunosuppression), the precise genetic or pathogenetic factors responsible for these alterations are still being investigated. Although interphase fluorescence in situ hybridisation (iFISH) is the gold standard for the detection of + 1q abnormalities used by the majority of diagnostic laboratories worldwide, there are no universally recognised cut-offs for + 1q positivity or a threshold for clinical meaningfulness. Because iFISH alone is insufficient to elucidate the extent of + 1q and other cytogenetic abnormalities in MM, sequencing-based methods could be adopted. The second revision of the international staging system for MM recently recognised + 1q as a high-risk feature. There is increasing evidence that + 1q has a prognostic value and influences the duration of remission, suggesting that patients with MM and + 1q may benefit from tailored therapy. This review comprehensively summarises the most recent biological evidence and clinical data on + 1q abnormalities in MM. However, given the heterogeneous data available, it remains difficult to draw firm conclusions. In clinical practice, +1q alterations should be evaluated along with other cytogenetic abnormalities and other biological and clinical characteristics of the disease. Ongoing and future studies will help the full understanding of the role of + 1q in MM.
Clinical implications of teleradiology in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: improving rheumatic care
Authors: Yemeshev Yerlan , Nurmashev Bekaidar , Zimba Olena , Kocyigit Burhan Fatih 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Teleradiology, the transmission of radiologic images for remote assessment and consultation, has transformed modern medical care by mitigating geographical inequities and improving diagnostic accuracy. This technology employs telecommunications, digital imaging, and data-sharing systems developments to deliver swift and precise image analysis across various healthcare environments. Teleradiology has been essential in identifying and controlling diseases, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and spondyloarthritis, especially in musculoskeletal radiology and rheumatology. The combination of teleradiology and telemedicine has transformed multidisciplinary cooperation, enhancing communication among radiologists, rheumatologists, and other healthcare practitioners to provide patient-centered treatment. It has markedly enhanced access to highly specialized knowledge, especially in rural and disadvantaged areas, facilitating prompt consultations and alleviating patient travel constraints. However, despite its benefits, teleradiology encounters several challenges, including standardization issues, ethical dilemmas, and infrastructure constraints. The absence of uniform standards and inequalities in access to high-speed Internet and digital health records impede extensive implementation. Addressing these constraints is crucial to fully utilizing teleradiology’s potential in musculoskeletal and rheumatic care. This article highlights the transformational potential of teleradiology and its incorporation into telemedicine for musculoskeletal and rheumatological treatment. Teleradiology is set to enhance global healthcare delivery by addressing disparities in healthcare access, fostering multidisciplinary cooperation, and utilizing advanced technologies. It underscores the necessity for ongoing innovation and investment in infrastructure, education, and standards to optimize the advantages of this crucial technology and guarantee equitable, efficient, and high-quality care for all patients.
Two Antarctic endophytic bacteria of Colobanthus quitensis show functional and genomic characteristics potentially responsible for plant growth promotion and cold tolerance
Authors: Licciardello Giorgio , Antonielli Livio , Sicher Carmela , Larini Ilaria , Perazzolli Michele 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Bacterial endophytes reside in plant tissues and can promote plant growth under abiotic stresses. Complex microbial communities are associated with cold-adapted plants, but scarce information is available on the functional properties of Antarctic bacterial endophytes. This study aimed to investigate possible cold tolerance and plant growth promotion activities of two Antarctic bacterial endophytes by in vitro functional characterization and genome sequence analysis. Ewingella sp., Pseudomonas sp, and their bacterial consortium were cold tolerant and showed plant growth-promoting activity on tomato seedlings at low temperature. Phytohormones (indole-3-acetic acid) and proteases were produced by Ewingella sp. and Pseudomonas sp., respectively, while ammonia and siderophores were produced by both bacterial isolates and their consortium. Ewingella sp. and Pseudomonas sp. genomes encompassed genes possibly involved in plant growth promotion (e.g., auxin, cytokinin, ethylene, salicylic acid, and siderophore metabolism and transport) and genes related to bacterial metabolic processes that can contribute to plant growth-promoting activities, such as amino acid metabolism, iron transport, nitrogen metabolism, and lytic activities (amylases, cellulases, and proteases), phosphate metabolism, potassium transport, and zinc transport. Moreover, Ewingella sp. and Pseudomonas sp. encompassed genes possibly associated with bacterial cold tolerance that can contribute to cold stress mitigation in the plant host, such as cold shock- and heat shock-related proteins, lipid desaturases, polyamine metabolism, proline metabolism, proline and glycine betaine transport, reactive oxygen species detoxification, and trehalose metabolism. Antarctic bacterial endophytes include multiple characteristics to survive under cold conditions and some bacterial functions can contribute to plant growth promotion and stress mitigation at low temperature.
RADEX: a rule-based clinical and radiology data extraction tool demonstrated on thyroid ultrasound reports
Authors: Howell Lewis , Zarei Amir , Wah Tze Min , Chandler James H. , Karthik Shishir , Court Zara , Ng Helen , McLaughlan James R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Radiology reports contain valuable information for research and audits, but relevant details are often buried within free-text fields. This makes them challenging and time-consuming to extract for secondary analyses, including training artificial intelligence (AI) models.

Materials and methods
This study presents a rule-based RAdiology Data EXtraction tool (RADEX) to enable biomedical researchers and healthcare professionals to automate information extraction from clinical documents. RADEX simplifies the translation of domain expertise into regular-expression models, enabling context-dependent searching without specialist expertise in Natural Language Processing. Its utility was demonstrated in the multi-label classification of fourteen clinical features in a large retrospective dataset (n = 16,246) of thyroid ultrasound reports from five hospitals in the United Kingdom (UK). A tuning subset (n = 200) was used to iteratively develop the search strategy, and a holdout test subset (n = 202) was used to evaluate the performance against reference-standard labels.

Results
The dataset cardinality was 3.06, and the label density was 0.34. Cohen’s Kappa was 0.94 for rater 1 and 0.95 for rater 2. For RADEX, micro-average sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score were 0.97, 0.96, and 0.94, respectively. The processing time was 12.3 milliseconds per report, enabling fast and reliable information extraction.

Conclusion
RADEX is a versatile tool for bespoke research and audit applications, where access to labelled data or computing infrastructure is limited, or explainability and reproducibility are priorities. This offers a time-saving and freely available option to accelerate structured data collection, enabling new insights and improved patient care.

Key Points

Question

Radiology reports contain vital information that is buried in unstructured free-text fields. Can we extract this information effectively for research and audit applications?

Findings

A rule-based RAdiology Data Extraction tool (RADEX) is described and used to classify fourteen key findings from thyroid ultrasound reports with sensitivity and specificity > 0.95.

Clinical relevance

RADEX offers clinicians and researchers a time-saving tool to accelerate structured data collection. This practical approach prioritises transparency, repeatability, and usability, enabling new insights into improved patient care.

Graphical Abstract
Capturing the transition from intermediate to neovascular AMD: Longitudinal changes in choroidal volume and choroidal vascularity index
Authors: Borrelli Enrico , Mohammed Abdul Rasheed , Barresi Costanza , Vupparaboina Kiran Kumar , Viggiano Pasquale , Boscia Francesco , Berni Alessandro , Introini Ugo , Reibaldi Michele , Bandello Francesco , Chhablani Jay 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
To perform a three-dimensional assessment of the choroid, including choroidal volume and choroidal vascularity index (CVI), during the transition from intermediate to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and following anti-VEGF therapy.

Methods
A total of 42 participants (42 eyes) with intermediate AMD at baseline who developed neovascular AMD within 3 months were included in the analysis. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans at follow-up visits (after transition to neovascular AMD and 12 months after the initiation of anti-VEGF therapy) were compared with values at the latest visit with evidence of intermediate AMD to quantify longitudinal choroidal changes. Enhanced depth imaging (EDI) OCT scans were analyzed to obtain the following metrics: (i) choroidal volume, (ii) choroidal stromal volume, (iii) choroidal vascular volume, and (iv) CVI.

Results
At baseline, the mean (median; IQR) choroidal volume (i.e., including both the stromal and vascular components) was 0.156 mm³ (0.149; 0.065), increasing to 0.163 mm³ (0.148; 0.068) at the follow-up when treatment-naïve exudative MNV was first detected (p = 0.013). After 12 months of anti-VEGF therapy, it returned to near-baseline levels at 0.156 mm³ (0.146; 0.065; p = 0.457). Similarly, the choroidal stromal and choroidal volumes increased at MNV detection but returned to baseline after treatment. Conversely, no alterations in CVI were observed between the baseline and follow-up visits.

Conclusion
The transition from intermediate to exudative neovascular AMD is associated with a significant increase in choroidal volume, affecting both stromal and luminal components. After anti-VEGF treatment, these changes regress, returning to baseline levels.
The effect of biological sex on cool seeking behavior during passive heat stress in young adults
Authors: Wang Hui , Schlader Zachary J. , Lei Tze-Huan , Mündel Toby , Amano Tatsuro , Fujii Naoto , Nishiyasu Takeshi , Kondo Narihiko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study tested the hypothesis that females engage in cool seeking behavior to a greater extent during passive heating compared to males.

Methods
27 healthy participants (14 males) underwent two trials of 50 min lower leg passive heating with (Fan trial) and without the fan (No fan trial) in a 27 °C, 50% relative humidity environment. In the Fan trials, participants were allowed to use the fan by pressing the button to keep themselves comfortable while they were not allowed in the No fan trial.

Results
Cool seeking behavior was initiated at the same change (∆) in rectal temperature (0.2 (0.2) °C vs 0.2 (0.1) °C, p = 0.281) and ∆ mean skin temperature (2.1 (0.6) °C vs 2.3 (0.6) °C, p = 0.307), but cooling time was longer (13.5 (5.4) min vs 17.3 (3.9) min, p = 0.040) and cumulative number of times pressing the button is more often (7.3 (3.6) times vs 10.8 (4.6) times, p = 0.049) in females compared to males. Thermal sensation, thermal discomfort, and perceived skin wetness were not different between sexes during lower leg passive heating in all trials (all p > 0.145). Furthermore, whole body sweat loss and local sweat rate on the forearm were significantly higher in males compared to females (all p < 0.042) across Fan and No fan trials.

Conclusion
In conclusion, females engage in cool seeking behavior to a greater extent than males. Furthermore, thermal perceptions are not different between sexes during passive heating.
Safety of Janus kinase inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis: a disproportionality analysis using FAERS database from 2012 to 2022
Authors: Mikaeili Bahar , Alqahtani Zuhair A. , Hincapie Ana L. , Guo Jeff Jianfei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Introduction/objective
Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors have expanded treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), particularly for patients unresponsive to traditional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). However, safety concerns necessitate a thorough post-market evaluation. This study is aimed at comparing the safety profiles of tofacitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib using adverse event (AE) reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods
A retrospective disproportionality analysis was performed using the FAERS data from 2012 to 2022. The AE reports were categorized into cardiovascular, cancer, respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, and arthralgia-related events. Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) and reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to identify significant safety signals.

Results
Of 273,657 AE reports, tofacitinib had the most (227,144), with increased musculoskeletal-related events (ROR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.49–1.57) and a reduced cancer risk (ROR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.41–0.47). Baricitinib (9305 reports) showed the highest risk of cardiovascular events (ROR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.50–1.78) and cancer (ROR = 2.17, 95% CI 1.83–2.58). Upadacitinib (37,208 reports) had elevated risks for respiratory events (ROR = 2.04, 95% CI 1.88–2.21) and cancer (ROR = 2.24, 95% CI 2.05–2.43).

Conclusion
The distinct safety profiles of these JAK inhibitors suggest that baricitinib poses higher cardiovascular and cancer risks, whereas upadacitinib increases the risk of respiratory and gastrointestinal events. Tofacitinib may be safer for patients with a history of cancer but requires monitoring for musculoskeletal AEs. Personalized risk assessments are critical for safe use of JAK inhibitors.

Key Points• This study provides a comprehensive post-market safety assessment of three JAK inhibitors—tofacitinib, baricitinib, and upadacitinib—using the FAERS data from 2012 to 2022.• Distinct safety profiles were identified, with baricitinib showing a higher risk of cardiovascular events and cancer, while upadacitinib posed an increased risk of respiratory and gastrointestinal events.• Tofacitinib demonstrated a lower cancer risk than other JAK inhibitors but was associated with more musculoskeletal-related adverse events.• These findings emphasize the importance of personalized risk assessment and vigilant monitoring when prescribing JAK inhibitors for rheumatoid arthritis.
Unveiling invisible climate im/mobilities: mixed-methods case study of a drought-prone rural area of Kersa, Ethiopia
Authors: Garcia Coline , Borderon Marion , Sakdapolrak Patrick , Assefa Nega , Bunchuay-Peth Simon , Dheresa Merga , Reboul Laurence , Sterly Harald 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Recent research on the environmental migration nexus emphasises the need to consider immobile populations alongside those who migrate. A subset of these immobile groups is particularly vulnerable to environmental stressors and lacks the capacity to either adapt or move, a condition often referred to as involuntary immobility or “trapped populations”. Despite growing recognition of this phenomenon, limited knowledge exists on how such immobile households with low adaptive capacities navigate multiple crises, particularly those driven by climate change. To address this gap, we provide a nuanced analysis of immobility in a remote, drought-prone region of Eastern Ethiopia. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, we (i) identify populations at risk of involuntary immobility through quantitative analysis of data from the Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System and (ii) investigate the aspirations and im/mobility dynamics of these populations through qualitative survey data collected in September 2022. Our findings reveal distinct im/mobility patterns, especially among elderly residents, farmers and young mothers, shedding light on the adaptive and survival strategies employed. These strategies often manifest as short-term, short-distance movements, which have become increasingly prevalent in response to everyday challenges. Further research should explore how these micro-mobilities may signal a form of precarisation of individuals.
Domino drift effect approach for probability estimation of feature drift in high-dimensional data
Authors: Szűcs Gábor , Németh Marcell 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Concept drift (and data drift) is a common phenomenon in machine learning models, where the statistical properties of the input data change over time, leading to a decrease in model performance. Detecting data drift is crucial for maintaining the accuracy and reliability of machine learning models in real-world applications. While previous data drift detector approaches can identify if a drift has occurred, these approaches cannot localize which specific features have caused the drift. Feature drift detectors solve this deficiency, but the required number of detectors is equal to the number of dimensions, which is a resource-intensive solution in high-dimensional data. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for feature drift analysis and drift detection based on a domino effect caused by the correlation of features. Our approach, the so-called Domino drift effect (DDE), is based on the empirically proven assumption that an initial reference correlation can be utilized as a proxy for detecting other drifting features. The method analyzes the correlating and drifting behavior, and by using only a subset of all features, it derives inference about the drifting of the remaining features, if co-drifting phenomena occur in the data stream. At co-drifting phenomena, the DDE method can estimate the probability of feature drift, which is particularly useful in high-dimensional datasets. To evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we conducted experiments on four real-world datasets. The results show that our approach can effectively be used to predict feature drift in the whole dataset, and it has potential industrial applications.