bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solar‐Driven Drum‐Type Atmospheric Water Harvester Based on Bio‐Based Gels with Fast Adsorption/Desorption Kinetics
Authors: Zhou Hao , Yan Li , Tang Dexi , Xu Ting , Dai Lin , Li Chenyu , Chen Wenshuai , Si Chuanling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSorption‐based atmospheric water harvesting is an attractive technology for exploiting unconventional water sources. A critical challenge is how to facilitate fast and continuous collection of potable water from air. Here, a bio‐based gel (cellulose/alginate/lignin gel, CAL gel), resulting from the integration of a whole biomass‐derived polymer network with lithium chloride is reported. A fast adsorption/desorption kinetics, with a water capture rate of 1.74 kg kg−1 h−1 at 30% relative humidity and a desorption rate of 1.98 kg kg−1 h−1, is simultaneously realized in one piece of CAL gel, because of its strong hygroscopicity, hydrophilic network, abundant water transport channels, photothermal conversion ability, and ≈200‐µm‐thick self‐supporting bulky structure caused by multicomponent synergy. A solar‐driven, drum‐type, tunable, and portable harvester is designed that can harvest atmospheric water within a brief time. Under outdoor conditions, the harvester with CAL gels operates 36 switches (180°) per day realizes a water yield of 8.96 kg kggel−1 (18.87 g kgdevice−1). This portable harvester highlights the potential for fast and scalable atmospheric water harvesting in extreme environments.
Comparative Study of Silver and Gold Source/Drain Contacts for Organic Thin‐Film Transistors with Low Contact Resistance
Authors: Wollandt Tobias , Letzkus Florian , Burghartz Joachim N. , Klauk Hagen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFlexible low‐voltage organic thin‐film transistors (TFTs) with Ag source/drain contacts are fabricated, and the contact resistance is measured using the transfer length method. The TFTs are fabricated in the inverted coplanar (bottom‐gate, bottom‐contact) device architecture, using the vacuum‐deposited small‐molecule semiconductor dinaphtho[2,3′b:2′,3′‐f]thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene (DNTT). Prior to the semiconductor deposition, the contact surface is functionalized with a chemisorbed monolayer of pentafluorobenzenethiol (PFBT). For comparison, TFTs with PFBT‐functionalized Au source/drain contacts are fabricated on the same substrate. Overall, the performance of the TFTs with the Ag contacts is very similar to that of the TFTs with the Au contacts, and the contact resistance of the TFTs with the Ag contacts (377 Ωcm) is the smallest reported to date for p‐channel organic TFTs with a contact material other than Au or Pt.
Establishing Co‐Continuous Network of Conjugated Polymers and Elastomers for High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells with Extreme Stretchability
Authors: Lee Jin‐Woo , Nguyen Trieu Hoang‐Quan , Oh Eun Sung , Lee Seungbok , Choi Jaeyoung , Kwon Hyun Soo , Wang Cheng , Lee Seungjin , Lee Jung‐Yong , Kim Taek‐Soo , Kim Bumjoon J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractHigh power conversion efficiency (PCE) and mechanical robustness are prerequisites for wearable applications of organic solar cells (OSCs). However, stretchability of present active systems (i.e., crack‐onset strain (COS) < 30%) should be improved. While introducing elastomers into active systems is considered a simple method for improving stretchability, the inclusion of elastomers typically results in a decrease in PCE of the OSC with a limited enhancement in the stretchability due to lack of interconnected electrical and mechanical pathways. In this study, it is developed efficient and intrinsically stretchable (IS)‐OSCs with exceptional mechanical robustness, by constructing co‐continuous networks of conjugated polymers (D18) and elastomers (SEBS) within active layers. It is demonstrated that the blend film with a specific ratio (40:60 w/w) of D18:SEBS is crucial for forming co‐continuous structures, establishing well‐connected mechanical and electrical channels. Consequently, D180.4:SEBS0.6/L8‐BO OSCs achieve 16‐times higher stretchability (COS = 126%) than the OSCs based on D18/L8‐BO (COS = 8%), while achieving 4‐times higher PCE (12.13%) compared to the OSCs based on SEBS‐rich active layers (D180.2:SEBS0.8/L8‐BO, PCE = 3.15%). Furthermore, D180.4:SEBS0.6‐based IS‐OSCs preserve 86 and 90% of original PCEs at 50% strain and after 200 stretching/releasing cycles with 15% strain, respectively, demonstrating the highest mechanical robustness among reported IS‐OSCs.
DFT Studies on the Rh‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling Cyclization of 2,3‐Allenols
Authors: Yang Laidi , Yang Fangling , Wu Xiaoyan , Zhang Xue 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe mechanism of the Rh‐catalyzed oxidative coupling cyclization of 2,3‐allenols has been studied by DFT calculations. The whole process of the current reaction involves the nucleophilic cyclic oxyrhodation/ stereodefined carborhodation/ β‐H elimination/ reductive elimination. Calculated results reveal that the carborhodation step is not only the rate‐limiting step but also determines the stereo‐selectivity.
Patterns of virtual reality and Fitbit wearable activity device use after skull base surgery
Authors: Pandrangi Vivek C. , Araujo Ana , Buncke Michelle , Olson Brennan , Jorizzo Matthew , Said‐Al‐Naief Nasser , Sanusi Olabisi , Ciporen Jeremy , Shindo Maisie , Schindler Joshua , Colaianni C. Alessandra , Clayburgh Daniel , Andersen Peter , Flint Paul , Wax Mark K. , Geltzeiler Mathew , Li Ryan J. 
Published: May 2024

Key points
Virtual reality (VR) and Fitbit devices are well tolerated by patients after skull base surgery.
Postoperative recovery protocols may benefit from incorporation of these devices.
However, challenges including patient compliance may impact optimal device utilization.
Diffusion‐Weighted Imaging Fluid‐Attenuated Inversion Recovery Mismatch on Portable, Low‐Field Magnetic Resonance Imaging Among Acute Stroke Patients
Authors: Sorby‐Adams Annabel , Guo Jennifer , de Havenon Adam , Payabvash Seyedmehdi , Sze Gordon , Pinter Nandor K. , Jaikumar Vinay , Siddiqui Adnan , Baldassano Steven , Garcia‐Guarniz Ana‐Lucia , Zabinska Julia , Lalwani Dheeraj , Peasley Emma , Goldstein Joshua N. , Nelson Olivia K. , Schaefer Pamela W. , Wira Charles R. , Pitts John , Lee Vivien , Muir Keith W. , Nimjee Shahid M. , Kirsch John , Iglesias Juan Eugenio , Rosen Matthew S. , Sheth Kevin N. , Kimberly W. Taylor 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveFor stroke patients with unknown time of onset, mismatch between diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) and fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can guide thrombolytic intervention. However, access to MRI for hyperacute stroke is limited. Here, we sought to evaluate whether a portable, low‐field (LF)‐MRI scanner can identify DWI‐FLAIR mismatch in acute ischemic stroke.MethodsEligible patients with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke underwent LF‐MRI acquisition on a 0.064‐T scanner within 24 h of last known well. Qualitative and quantitative metrics were evaluated. Two trained assessors determined the visibility of stroke lesions on LF‐FLAIR. An image coregistration pipeline was developed, and the LF‐FLAIR signal intensity ratio (SIR) was derived.ResultsThe study included 71 patients aged 71 ± 14 years and a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale of 6 (interquartile range 3–14). The interobserver agreement for identifying visible FLAIR hyperintensities was high (κ = 0.85, 95% CI 0.70–0.99). Visual DWI‐FLAIR mismatch had a 60% sensitivity and 82% specificity for stroke patients <4.5 h, with a negative predictive value of 93%. LF‐FLAIR SIR had a mean value of 1.18 ± 0.18 <4.5 h, 1.24 ± 0.39 4.5–6 h, and 1.40 ± 0.23 >6 h of stroke onset. The optimal cut‐point for LF‐FLAIR SIR was 1.15, with 85% sensitivity and 70% specificity. A cut‐point of 6.6 h was established for a FLAIR SIR <1.15, with an 89% sensitivity and 62% specificity.InterpretationA 0.064‐T portable LF‐MRI can identify DWI‐FLAIR mismatch among patients with acute ischemic stroke. Future research is needed to prospectively validate thresholds and evaluate a role of LF‐MRI in guiding thrombolysis among stroke patients with uncertain time of onset. ANN NEUROL 2024;96:321–331
A General Strategy for Sustainable 3D Printing Based on A Multifunctional Photoinitiator
Authors: Xiong Dajun , Ruan Pengfei , Li Zongan , Yi Wenbin , Wang Jieping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA multifunctional photoinitiator is presented, offering precise control over light‐induced polymerization initiation at 450 nm and material degradation at 365 nm. This is accomplished by covalently linking photoactive bis(acyl)phosphane oxide and photocleavable o‐nitrobenzyl ether moieties onto the surface of γ‐cyclodextrin. Upon degradation, the resulting linear polymers can be easily re‐dissolved in their corresponding monomer and re‐cured, exhibiting superior mechanical properties compared to the pristine material. Moreover, this photoinitiator enables the successful 3D printing of intricate and precise structures, representing a promising general strategy for developing recyclable photoresins for 3D printing applications.
Dynamic covalent polymer network enabled bio‐based vitrimers with excellent substrate bonding
Authors: Parihar Shalini , Gaur Bharti 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this article, we report the synthesis of dynamic covalent polymer network (DCPN)‐enabled vitrimers derived from gum rosin—a pine tree extract. The concept of Diels Alder (DA) thermo‐reversibility has been used to introduce self‐healing/dynamic covalent ability into the polymer systems. For this purpose, the diene moieties were incorporated in the gum rosin‐based polymer network, and the bismaleimides served as the dienophiles. The thermo‐reversible crosslinks formed between the diene and dienophile moieties can enhance the service life of the materials by improving the durability, mechanical as well as chemical properties of the materials. Upon damage, the thermo‐reversible DA bonds de‐crosslink resulting in smaller chain segments, enabling the material to flow to the site of damage and seal the fractured edges. The formation of DA crosslinks has been confirmed by using Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopic technique. Scanning electron microscopy analysis was used to verify the self‐healing ability of the resin matrix. The healing process was studied after manual scratches were made. The polymers' ability to heal multiple times is investigated using differential scanning calorimetry. The adhesion strength of the self‐healing material has been examined on variety of substrates such as glass, steel, and concrete. The materials exhibited superior adhesion strength on glass substrate.
Mechanical and thermal characterization of elastomer modified polypropylene hybrid composites reinforced with hazelnut shell and wollastonite fillers
Authors: Karagöz İdris , Büyükkaya Kenan , Demirer Halil , Mudu Mehmet , Kartal İlyas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe demand for sustainable and recyclable materials in industrial applications has led to a surge in interest in green composites, particularly those incorporating natural fillers derived from agro‐food industry waste. This study investigates the mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) hybrid composites filled with hazelnut shell and wollastonite, along with the effect of styrene‐ethylene/butylene‐styrene (SEBS) and SEBS‐g‐maleic anhydride (SEBS‐g‐MA) compatibilizers. Various characterization techniques, including tensile, flexural, and impact tests, as well as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses, were employed to evaluate the composites. Results demonstrate that the addition of wollastonite significantly improves mechanical properties, while hazelnut shell filler affects thermal behavior and stability. SEBS and SEBS‐g‐MA compatibilizers enhance impact resistance; however, they lead to a decrease in other mechanical properties. DSC and TGA analyses demonstrate changes in crystallization behavior and thermal stability due to filler and compatibilizer incorporation. SEM microstructure images show the distribution of SEBS and SEBS‐g‐MA within the composite structure, affecting mechanical and thermal properties. Overall, this study highlights the importance of filler selection, compatibilizer addition, and their distribution in attaining desired properties for industrial applications. Future research should focus on optimizing formulations for specific uses and assessing long‐term performance under real‐world conditions.
Effects of molecular interactions on the release of small molecules from silicone rubber
Authors: Du Yongcan , Mefford O. Thompson 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSilicone rubber is a good candidate as a carrier of small molecules in such applications as drug, fragrance and semiochemical delivery. When one matrix is loaded, the molecular interactions between the molecules and the matrix may affect their release rates. For this reason, it is important to investigate the effects of molecular interactions on release to better develop delivery systems with desirable release rates. In this study, the mass transfer and diffusion coefficients of three model molecules (i.e., octanol, octyl acetate, and octyl butyrate) were determined by monitoring their release from silicone rubber sheets loaded using headspace gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to characterize the plasticizing effects and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to characterize the molecular interactions. It was found that the release of octanol conformed to the Fickian diffusion pattern at 1 wt% initial concentration but deviated as the concentration increased due to hydrogen bonding between octanol and the silanol group of the silica filler. When two small molecules were released simultaneously, the effects of one molecule on the diffusion coefficient of the other differed, a result explained by the competing effects of plasticizing and hydrogen bonding.
Development of High Performance Thermoelectric Polymers via Doping or Dedoping Engineering
Authors: Xu Yichen , Yan Jin , Zhou Wei , Ouyang Jianyong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIt is of great significance to develop high‐performance thermoelectric (TE) materials, because they can be used to harvest waste heat into electricity and there is abundant waste heat on earth. The conventional TE materials are inorganic semimetals or semiconductors like Bi2Te3 and its derivatives. However, they have problems of high cost, scarce/toxic elements, high thermal conductivity, and poor mechanical flexibility. Organic TE materials emerged as the next‐generation TE materials because of their merits including solution processability, low cost, abundant element, low intrinsic thermal conductivity, and high mechanical flexibility. Organic TE materials are mainly conducting polymers because of their high conductivity. Both the conductivity and Seebeck coefficient depend on the doping level, and they are interdependent. Hence, the TE properties of polymers can be improved through doping/dedoping engineering. There are three types of doping forms, oxidative (or reductive) doping, protonic acid doping, and charge transfer doping. Accordingly, they can be dedoped by different approaches. In this article, we review the methods to dope and dedope p‐type and n‐type TE polymers and the combination of doping and dedoping to optimize their TE properties. Secondary doping is also covered, since it can significantly enhance the conductivity of some TE polymers.
Comparative review of novel model‐assisted designs for phase I/II clinical trials
Authors: Shi Haolun , Lin Ruitao , Lin Xiaolei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn recent years, both model‐based and model‐assisted designs have emerged to efficiently determine the optimal biological dose (OBD) in phase I/II trials for immunotherapy and targeted cellular agents. Model‐based designs necessitate repeated model fitting and computationally intensive posterior sampling for each dose‐assignment decision, limiting their practical application in real trials. On the other hand, model‐assisted designs employ simple statistical models and facilitate the precalculation of a decision table for use throughout the trial, eliminating the need for repeated model fitting. Due to their simplicity and transparency, model‐assisted designs are often preferred in phase I/II trials. In this paper, we systematically evaluate and compare the operating characteristics of several recent model‐assisted phase I/II designs, including TEPI, PRINTE, Joint i3+3, BOIN‐ET, STEIN, uTPI, and BOIN12, in addition to the well‐known model‐based EffTox design, using comprehensive numerical simulations. To ensure an unbiased comparison, we generated 10,000 dosing scenarios using a random scenario generation algorithm for each predetermined OBD location. We thoroughly assess various performance metrics, such as the selection percentages, average patient allocation to OBD, and overdose percentages across the eight designs. Based on these assessments, we offer design recommendations tailored to different objectives, sample sizes, and starting dose locations.
Hydrazo Pyrazole‐Pyridone Fluorescent tag for NLO, Live cell imaging, LFPs visualization, Photophysical probing, and Electrochemical sensor for Dopamine detection
Authors: Krishnamurthy Chethan , Jathi Keshavayya , K. M. Pallavi , Yesudhasan Chinnaraj 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe present communication reports on the synthesis of a novel methyl‐pyridone azo fluorescent tag (MPAFT) were proven through 1H (NMR), FT‐IR, UV–vis, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry. The quantum chemical parameters of MPAFT were evaluated using density functional theory (DFT) analysis. It was further investigated for its latent fingerprint (LFPs) in various surfaces and anticounterfeiting applications. By exposing Level I–Level III, ridge features to UV light with a wavelength of 365 nm, a bioimaging investigation has also demonstrated the potential of MPAFT's emission behaviour. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) at MPAFT/MGCE (modified glassy carbon electrode) were used to explore the electrochemical sensitivity and reliable detection of dopamine (DA) in neutral PBS (pH 7) electrolyte solution, and the results show good sensitivity and detection. The lower detection limit for LSV was 0.81 μM under optimum conditions.
Study on the material basis of Zhujing pill in treating fundus lesions through component analysis and network pharmacology
Authors: Liu Yijie , Wang Jiali , Yu Xiaoxiang , Hu Jing , Sun Xiuyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractZhujing pill (ZP) is a famous Chinese herbal formula that has been widely used to treat diabetic retinopathy, macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and other fundus lesions. In this study, the material basis and mechanism of ZP in the treatment of fundus lesions were evaluated via the high‐performance liquid chromatography fingerprint, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, network pharmacology and molecular docking. A total of 32 common components were found and 31 components were identified in 15 batches of ZP samples. Moreover, 134 common key targets and 17 putative active components that are connected to fundus lesions were identified. Molecular docking revealed that quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, 5‐O‐feruloylquinic acid, plantagoside and 2′‐acetylacteoside have the ability to interact with the core targets such as AKT1, TP53, TNF, IL‐6 and Jun. Our findings revealed that the therapeutic effects of ZP on fundus lesions are mediated by multiple components, targets and pathways, including at least six active ingredients and 11 targets. The study provides new ideas for further research on the material basis and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions.
Unveiling the crucial role of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 in secondary diabetic complications
Authors: Kaur Prabhnain , Dahiya Ritu , Nandave Mukesh , Sharma Kalicharan , Goyal Ramesh K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is associated with secondary complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR), nephropathy (DN), and cardiomyopathy (DCM), all of which significantly impact patient health. Intercellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1) has been implicated in inflammatory responses and endothelial dysfunction, both crucial in the pathogenesis of these complications. The goal of this review is to investigate at potential therapy methods that target ICAM‐1 pathways and to better understand the multifaceted role of ICAM‐1 in secondary diabetic problems. A meticulous analysis of scholarly literature published globally was conducted to examine ICAM‐1involvement in inflammatory processes, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidative stress related to diabetes and its complications. Elevated ICAM‐1 levels are strongly associated with augmented leukocyte adhesion, compromised microvascular function, and heightened oxidative stress in diabetes. These pathways contribute significantly to DR, DN, and DCM pathogenesis, highlighting ICAM‐1 as a key player in their progression. Understanding ICAM‐1 role in secondary diabetic complications offers insights into novel therapeutic strategies. Targeting ICAM‐1 pathways may mitigate inflammation, improve endothelial function, and ultimately attenuate diabetic complications, thereby enhancing patient health outcomes. Continued research in this area is crucial for developing effective targeted therapies.
14‐3‐3 Protein‐Protein Interactions: From Mechanistic Understanding to Their Small‐Molecule Stabilization
Authors: Somsen Bente A. , Cossar Peter J. , Arkin Michelle R. , Brunsveld Luc , Ottmann Christian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProtein‐protein interactions (PPIs) are of utmost importance for maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Herein, a central role can be found for 14‐3‐3 proteins. These hub‐proteins are known to bind hundreds of interaction partners, thereby regulating their activity, localization, and/or stabilization. Due to their ability to bind a large variety of client proteins, studies of 14‐3‐3 protein complexes flourished over the last decades, aiming to gain greater molecular understanding of these complexes and their role in health and disease. Because of their crucial role within the cell, 14‐3‐3 protein complexes are recognized as highly interesting therapeutic targets, encouraging the discovery of small molecule modulators of these PPIs. We discuss various examples of 14‐3‐3‐mediated regulation of its binding partners on a mechanistic level, highlighting the versatile and multi‐functional role of 14‐3‐3 within the cell. Furthermore, an overview is given on the development of stabilizers of 14‐3‐3 protein complexes, from initially used natural products to fragment‐based approaches. These studies show the potential of 14‐3‐3 PPI stabilizers as novel agents in drug discovery and as tool compounds to gain greater molecular understanding of the role of 14‐3‐3‐based protein regulation.