bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minimizing the time to evaluate pheromone‐mediated reduction of aggressive behavior in Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus)
Authors: Ashouri Samyar , Hubbard Peter C. , Canário Adelino V. M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSome cichlid fishes release urine‐containing chemical cues that lower aggression in their opponents. Bioassays to identify the aggression‐modulating pheromone include assessing the effect of urine fractions on the behavior towards a mirror image or in interactions with another male. However, many of these methods can be time‐consuming and require many fish. The objective of the present study was to assess the behavior of male Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) towards male urine using two methods with the intent of simplifying the bioassays: aggression towards a mirror image (mirror assay) and real opponents in which the urogenital papilla was tied using surgical silk to prevent urination. The results confirm the aggression‐reducing effect of dominant male urine in both experimental approaches. Ten minutes of biting or 15 min of tail‐beating behaviors in the mirror assay, or 5 min of opercular expansion or 15 min of lateral display in interactions with real opponents were necessary to detect a statistically significant reduction in aggressive behavior towards dominant male urine. We also found that males with subordinate status had lower latency to initiate aggressive behaviors towards the mirror than dominants in the same condition, even though fish had been isolated for 1 week. However, no such differences in latency were found in the real opponent assay. We conclude that 5 min of opercular expansion behavior in real opponent fights or 10 min of biting behavior in the mirror assay are the shortest times necessary to test aggressive behavior in urine fractions in bioassay‐guided identification of pheromones.
Do Foreign Yield Curves Predict U.S. Recessions and GDP Growth?
Authors: AHMED RASHAD , CHINN MENZIE D. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractForeign term spreads constructed from bond yields of non‐U.S. G‐7 constituents predict future U.S. recessions and foreign term spreads are stronger predictors of U.S. recessions occurring within the next year than U.S. term spreads. U.S. and foreign term spreads are both informative of the U.S. economy but over different horizons and for different components of economic activity. Smaller U.S. term spreads lead to smaller foreign term spreads and U.S. Dollar appreciation. Smaller foreign term spreads do not lead to significant U.S. Dollar depreciation but do lead to persistent declines in U.S. exports and foreign direct investment (FDI) flows into the United States. These findings are consistent with the proposition that foreign term spreads embed growth spillovers from the U.S. and the resulting Dollar strength and slowdown abroad spill back to the United States.
Response to Focus Issue
Authors: Barnett Christopher B. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTBarnett responds to three articles that put the thought of Søren Kierkegaard in conversation with modern popular media. He argues that each of these pieces demonstrates that Kierkegaard's criticism of the burgeoning free press remains relevant today, particularly in the areas of journalistic practice, mental health, and political responsibility. At the same time, however, Barnett wonders if the radical nature of the Dane's critique has been fully considered. For Kierkegaard, in other words, it is not just that popular media have flaws in need of correction; it is that the media constitute “the evil principle in the modern world.”
Characteristics and treatment outcomes of malnutrition among infants aged less than 6 months in North–East Nigeria (2019–2022)
Authors: Amat Camacho Nieves , Husain Faisal , Bahya‐Batinda Dang , Aung Eithandee , Chara Abdullahi , Tanko Musa , Ogundipe Oluwakemi F. , Barbagallo Mario , Aung Kyi Htet , von Schreeb Johan , Della Corte Francesco , Kolokotroni Ourania , Sunyoto Temmy 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecommendations for the management of malnutrition among infants aged less than 6 months (<6 m) are based on limited evidence. This study aimed to describe the characteristics, treatment outcomes and outcome‐associated factors among malnourished infants <6 m admitted at Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) inpatient and ambulatory therapeutic feeding centres (ITFC and ATFC) in North–East Nigeria, 2019–2022. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the cohorts and logistic regression to measure the association between two selected outcomes—inpatient mortality and defaulting from the ambulatory programme—and possible factors associated. In total, 940 infants <6 m were admitted at ITFC. Most of them presented severe acute malnutrition and comorbidities, with diarrhoea being the most frequent. On discharge, 13.3% (n = 125) of infants were cured, 72.9% (n = 684) stabilized (referred to ATFC), 6.5% (n = 61) left against medical advice and 4.2% (n = 39) died. The median length of hospital stay was 10 days [IQR 7–14]. A hospital stay shorter than 10 days was significantly associated with inpatient mortality (aOR = 12.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.72–42.11, p ≤ 0.01). Among 561 infants followed up at the ATFC, only 2.8% reported comorbidities. On discharge, 80.9% (n = 429) were cured, 16.2% (n = 86) defaulted and 1.1% (n = 6) died. Male sex (aOR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.15–3.27, p = 0.01), internally displaced status (aOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05–2.79, p = 0.03) and <−3 WLZ (aOR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.05–3.63, p = 0.03) were significantly associated with programme defaulting. Stabilization and recovery rates among malnourished infants <6 m in the studied project align with acceptable standards in this humanitarian setting. Notable defaulting rates from outpatient care should be further explored.
Early experience of using regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill patients in a resource‐limited setting
Authors: Hasan M. Shahnaz , Jamaludin Muhammad Afif , Mohd Azman Sarah Aliah , Atan Rafidah , Yap Mei Hoon , Lee Zheng‐Yii , Mohd Yunos Nor'azim 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimDespite the superiority of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) in continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT), its application is limited in resource‐limited settings. We aim to explore the cost and safety of RCA for CRRT in critically ill patients, compared to usual care.MethodsThis prospective observational study included patients requiring CRRT in a tertiary intensive care unit (ICU) from February 2022 to January 2023. They were classified to either the RCA or usual care groups based on the anticoagulation technique chosen by the treating physician, considering contraindications. The CRRT prescription follows the institutional protocol. All relevant data were obtained from the ICU CRRT‐RCA charts and electronic medical records. A cost analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 54 patients (27 per group) were included, with no demographic differences. Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and lactate levels were significantly higher in the usual care group. The number of filters used were comparable (p = .108). The median filter duration in the RCA group was numerically longer (35.00 [15.50–56.00] vs. 23.00 [17.00–29.00] h), but not statistically significant (p = .253). The duration of mechanical ventilation, vasopressor requirement, and mortality were similar, but the RCA group had a significantly longer ICU stay. The rate of adverse events was similar, with four severe metabolic alkalosis cases in the RCA group. The RCA group had higher total cost per patient per day (USD 611 vs. 408; p = .013).ConclusionIn this resource‐limited setting, RCA for CRRT appeared safe and had clinically longer filter lifespan compared with usual care, albeit the increased cost.
The RALF2‐FERONIA‐MYB63 module orchestrates growth and defense in tomato roots
Authors: Fan Yanfen , Bai Junyu , Wu Shaofang , Zhang Min , Li Jiajia , Lin Rui , Hu Chaoyi , Jing Beiyu , Wang Jiachun , Xia Xiaojian , Hu Zhangjian , Yu Jingquan 
Published: June 2024

Summary

Plant secreted peptides RAPID ALKALINISATION FACTORs (RALFs), which act through the receptor FERONIA (FER), play important roles in plant growth. However, it remains unclear whether and how RALF‐FER contributes to the trade‐off of plant growth–defense.

Here, we used a variety of techniques such as CRISPR/Cas9, protein–protein interaction and transcriptional regulation methods to investigate the role of RALF2 and its receptor FER in regulating lignin deposition, root growth, and defense against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum).

The ralf2 and fer mutants show reduced primary root length, elevated lignin accumulation, and enhanced resistance against Fol than the wild‐type. FER interacts with and phosphorylates MYB63 to promote its degradation. MYB63 serves as an activator of lignin deposition by regulating the transcription of dirigent protein gene DIR19. Mutation of DIR19 suppresses lignin accumulation, and reverses the short root phenotype and Fol resistance in ralf2 or fer mutant.

Collectively, our results demonstrate that the RALF2‐FER‐MYB63 module fine‐tunes root growth and resistance against Fol through regulating the deposition of lignin in tomato roots. The study sheds new light on how plants maintain the growth–defense balance via RALF‐FER.
Glycosyltransferase Slr1064 regulates carbon metabolism by modulating the levels of UDP‐GlcNAc in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Authors: Han Yuling , Ge Haitao , Xu Congzhuo , Zeng Gang , Li Zhen , Huang Xiahe , Zhang Yuanya , Liu Zhipeng , Wang Yingchun , Fang Longfa 
Published: June 2024

Summary

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that transfer sugars to various targets. They play important roles in diverse biological processes, including photosynthesis, cell motility, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism; however, their involvement in regulating carbon metabolism in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 has not been reported.

We identified a novel GT protein, Slr1064, involved in carbon metabolism. The effect of slr1064 deletion on the growth of Synechocystis cells and functional mechanisms of Slr1064 on carbon metabolism were thoroughly investigated through physiological, biochemistry, proteomic, and metabolic analyses.

We found that this GT, which is mainly distributed in the membrane compartment, is essential for the growth of Synechocystis under heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, but not under autotrophic conditions. The deletion of slr1064 hampers the turnover rate of Gap2 under mixotrophic conditions and disrupts the assembly of the PRK/GAPDH/CP12 complex under dark culture conditions. Additionally, UDP‐GlcNAc, the pivotal metabolite responsible for the O‐GlcNAc modification of GAPDH, is downregulated in the Δslr1064.

Our work provides new insights into the role of GTs in carbon metabolism in Synechocystis and elucidate the mechanism by which carbon metabolism is regulated in this important model organism.
A systematic review of person‐environment fit in the public sector: Theorizing a multidimensional model
Authors: Wightman G. Breck , Christensen Robert K. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFollowing PRISMA guidelines, this study offers a systematic review of 78 articles on person‐environment (P‐E) fit in the public sector. The study reveals both an emphasis on supplementary person‐organization (P‐O) fit and its relationship to public service motivation (PSM). We also find evidence of both bottom‐up and top‐down processes that mutually adjust to determine fit over time. Building on these findings, we propose an integrative theory that models the multidimensionality of fit as mutual adjustment between the person and the environment along three major dimensions: values, needs, and skills. Integrating the temporal dynamics of the attraction‐selection‐attrition (ASA) model, we demonstrate how these dimensions interact and generally settle upon an equilibrium over time, which we define as P‐E fit.
Optimization of Triple Effect Vapor Absorption Refrigeration System: A Statistical Approach
Authors: Naga Sakshi , Rajput S. P. S. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present paper optimized the first and second law performance of the triple-effect vapor absorption refrigeration systems (TE-VARS) using statistical techniques like Taguchi, Taguchi-based gray relational analysis (GRA), and response surface methodology (RSM)-based GRA methods, which provide the most accurate and optimized results. Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed natural gas (CNG) are considered as the source of energy to operate TE-VARS, as the system requires significantly higher generator temperature. Also, volume flowrate of these gases along with the annual operating cost to drive the system have been presented. A thermodynamic model was first formulated using engineering equation solver (ees) software for the computation of the coefficient of performance (COP) and exergetic efficiency (ECOP). The most influential parameters like temperature in the main generator, concentration, and pressure at different components are studied and determined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Taguchi methods. The optimum parameters were determined based on the mean effect plot of S/N ratios for COP and ECOP. It has been found that the maximum COP and ECOP were calculated to be 1.915 and 0.15, respectively, under the Taguchi method. Furthermore, Taguchi-GRA was used for the simultaneous optimization of the operating parameters and performance of the system. It is observed that the absorber temperature is the most influential parameter for affecting COP and ECOP. Moreover, a RSM-based GRA method was also applied and developed regression models that yield most optimum COP and ECOP as 1.963 and 0.1606, respectively. Comparison shows that the RSM-based GRA method provides the most optimum conditions, which is one of the key finding of the present study. Also, rate of exergy destruction at each component of TE-VARS has been plotted under optimized operating conditions. The optimum volume flowrate for LPG and CNG comes out to be 0.057 and 0.177 m3/s, while the minimum operating cost (yearly) are 299.827$ and 183.293$, respectively.
Flow and Heat Transfer Experimental Study for 3D-Printed Solar Receiving Tubes With Helical Fins at Internal Surface
Authors: Haddad Fouad , Pidaparthi Bharath , Afrin Naznin Nuria , Missoum Samy , Li Jianzhi , Xu Ben , Li Peiwen 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
3D-printing technology was applied to fabricate novel solar thermal collection tubes that have internal heat transfer enhancement fins and external surfaces with high solar absorptivity and low emissivity due to the ability to use different materials in one tube. Helical fins were selected to introduce circumferential flow and thus minimize the circumferential temperature difference of the tube that receives sunlight on one side. The structures of the helical fins were previously optimized from computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis with the objective of low entropy production rate by looking for high heat transfer coefficient and relatively lower pressure loss. High-temperature alloy, Inconel-718, was used to 3D print the tubes, which can resist corrosion for the potential application of molten chloride salts as heat transfer fluid. Experimental tests were carried out using water as the heat transfer fluid with the high heat flux provided by a tubular furnace heater. The tested Reynolds number ranges from 3.9 × 103 to 6.1 × 104. Heat transfer coefficients of up to 2.8 times that of the smooth tube could be obtained with the expense of increased pressure loss compared to that of the smooth tube. The total system entropy generation can be significantly reduced due to the benefit of heat transfer enhancement that is greater than the expenses of the increased pressure loss. The experimental results of the 3D-printed heat transfer tubes confirmed the CFD-based results of fin optimization. The novel heat transfer tube is recommended for application in concentrating solar power systems.
Mechanical Response and Failure Modes of Three-Dimensional Auxetic Re-Entrant LPBF-Manufactured Steel Truss Lattice Materials
Authors: Vitalis Thomas , Gross Andrew , Gerasimidis Simos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Auxetic architected materials present a novel class of damage-tolerant materials with tunable mechanical characteristics and high energy absorption due to their unique ability to laterally contract and densify when subjected to axial compressive loading. The current state of research on negative Poisson’s ratio materials mainly focuses on 2D geometries and a few families of 3D geometries with limited experimental comparisons between different architectures and various geometrical features. Furthermore, when manufactured via laser powder bed fusion, the influence of as-built deviations of geometrical and material properties inherently present due to the melt pool solidification process for thin features is relatively unexplored in the case of metal-architected materials. The authors aim to study the elastic properties, peak characteristics, and failure modes of steel auxetic truss lattices subjected to axial compression while also addressing the uncertainties inherent to the metal laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing of architected materials. This work presents an experimental and computational exploration and comparison of two promising three-dimensional auxetic truss lattice families of low relative densities. A comprehensive investigation of metal negative Poisson’s ratio mechanical metamaterials is presented, including the selection of the architectures, modeling, laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, as-built part characterization, material testing, and mechanical testing under axial compression. The study of such architectures can unlock their potential in making them readily adaptable to a wide variety of engineering applications.
Two Models on the Unsteady Heat and Fluid Flow Induced by Stretching or Shrinking Sheets and Novel Time-Dependent Solutions
Authors: Turkyilmazoglu Mustafa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
This study sheds light on unsteady heat and fluid flow problems over stretching and shrinking surfaces, enriching our understanding of these complex phenomena. We derive two mathematical models using a rigorous approach. The first model aligns with the model commonly employed by researchers in this field, but its steady-state solution remains trivial. The second model, introduced in this work, demonstrably captures the physically relevant steady-state solutions well-studied in the literature. Notably, we introduce new similarity solutions for the temperature field specifically within the first model. We further demonstrate that a uniform wall temperature condition leads to the optimal heat transfer rate. While similarity solutions can be derived for specific cases with the second model, nonsimilar solutions may be necessary for more general scenarios. We discuss the implications of our analysis for stagnation-point flow and non-Newtonian viscoelastic fluid flow problems, illuminating future research directions in the open literature.
The Role of Musculoskeletal Training During Return to Performance Following Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport
Authors: Blagrove Richard C. , Brooke-Wavell Katherine , Plateau Carolyn R. , Nahman Carolyn , Hassan Amal , Stellingwerff Trent 
Published: June 2024

Background: Relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) is a condition that is associated with negative health and performance outcomes in athletes. Insufficient energy intake relative to exercise energy expenditure, resulting in low energy availability, is the underlying cause, which triggers numerous adverse physiological consequences including several associated with musculoskeletal (MSK) health and neuromuscular performance. Purpose: This commentary aims to (1) discuss the health and performance implications of REDs on the skeletal and neuromuscular systems and (2) examine the role that MSK training (ie, strength and plyometric training) during treatment and return to performance following REDs might have on health and performance in athletes, with practical guidelines provided. Conclusions: REDs is associated with decreases in markers of bone health, lean body mass, maximal and explosive strength, and muscle work capacity. Restoration of optimal energy availability, mainly through an increase in energy intake, is the primary goal during the initial treatment of REDs with a return to performance managed by a multidisciplinary team of specialists. MSK training is an effective nonpharmacological component of treatment for REDs, which offers multiple long-term health and performance benefits, assuming the energy needs of athletes are met as part of their recovery. Supervised, prescribed, and gradually progressive MSK training should include a combination of resistance training and high-impact plyometric-based exercise to promote MSK adaptations, with an initial focus on achieving movement competency. Progressing MSK training exercises to higher intensities will have the greatest effects on bone health and strength performance in the long term.
A bacterial sense of touch: T4P retraction motor as a means of surface sensing by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
PA14
Authors: Geiger C. J. , Wong G. C. L. , O'Toole G. A. 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Most microbial cells found in nature exist in matrix-covered, surface-attached communities known as biofilms. This mode of growth is initiated by the ability of the microbe to sense a surface on which to grow. The opportunistic pathogen
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
(
Pa
) PA14 utilizes a single polar flagellum and type 4 pili (T4P) to sense surfaces. For
Pa
, T4P-dependent “twitching” motility is characterized by effectively pulling the cell across a surface through a complex process of cooperative binding, pulling, and unbinding. T4P retraction is powered by hexameric ATPases.
Pa
cells that have engaged a surface increase production of the second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) over multiple generations via the Pil-Chp system. This rise in cAMP allows cells and their progeny to become better adapted for surface attachment and activates virulence pathways through the cAMP-binding transcription factor Vfr. While many studies have focused on mechanisms of T4P twitching and regulation of T4P production and function by the Pil-Chp system, the mechanism by which
Pa
senses and relays a surface-engagement signal to the cell is still an open question. Here we review the current state of the surface sensing literature for
Pa
, with a focus on T4P, and propose an integrated model of surface sensing whereby the retraction motor PilT senses and relays the signal to the Pil-Chp system via PilJ to drive cAMP production and adaptation to a surface lifestyle.