bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial Intelligence and Hospitality: A Challenging Relationship
Authors: Khlusevich Alesia , Inversini Alessandro , Schegg Roland 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe study employs a qualitative research methodology, involving interviews with experts and hoteliers to explore their understanding and adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) in the hospitality industry. The interviews focused on the participants’ perception of IT adoption, the benefits and challenges of adopting AI technologies, and the factors influencing AI adoption. The data analysis was carried out with deductive coding following the literature review and interpreted using the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) framework. This framework helped classify the factors influencing AI adoption into technological, organizational, and environmental factors. The study reveals a mismatch between experts and hoteliers’ understanding of AI and indicates a need for a comprehensive and targeted approach to educating hoteliers about AI's benefits, challenges, strategic and operational implications, and providing a clear roadmap for its integration into existing systems and processes. This study underscores the critical gap in the industry's ability to fully leverage available technologies without external assistance and the necessity to bridge this gap to facilitate AI adoption in the hospitality sector.
Automated Topic Analysis with Large Language Models
Authors: Kirilenko Andrei , Stepchenkova Svetlana 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTopic modeling is a popular method in tourism data analysis. Many authors have applied various approaches to summarize the main themes of travel blogs, reviews, video diaries, and similar media. One common shortcoming of these methods is their severe limitation in working with short documents, such as blog readers’ feedback (reactions). In the past few years, a new crop of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has become available for researchers. We investigate LLM capability in extracting the main themes of viewers’ reactions to popular videos of a rural China destination that explores the cultural, technological, and natural heritage of the countryside. We compare the extracted topics and model accuracy with the results of the traditional Latent Dirichlet Allocation approach. Overall, LLM results are more accurate, specific, and better at separating discussion topics.
Stakeholder Requirements and Governance for the European Data Space for Tourism
Authors: Stienmetz Jason , Kolomoyets Yuliya 
Published: May 2024

AbstractData spaces enable public and private actors to connect and exchange their data assets, creating an environment for product and service innovations. This applied research provides insights into perceived values, necessary features, governance and business model requirements for designing the sustainable European Data Space for Tourism (ETDS) from the point of view of the European tourism experts. A two-round Delphi study revealed a moderate consensus around ETDS’s data quality control measures, value creation, and key features. In contrast, the agreement regarding the governing body or business model was missing. Hence, no one-size-fit-all solution can meet the needs of all tourism stakeholders.
Cross-Cultural Differences in Emotional Response to Destination Commercials
Authors: Weismayer Christian , Pezenka Ilona 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this paper we examine whether cultural characteristics lead to different emotion expressions whilst watching tourist destination ads via digital media, and thus, ads might be perceived differently depending on the country of origin of the viewer. To test this assumption, participants from two different countries, located on two different continents, Austria/Europe, and Colombia/South America, are exposed to a destination ad. Their faces are recorded and post-processing analysis on the recorded videos using the AFFDEX algorithm, that is capable of inferring emotions based on the facial action coding system (FACS), is conducted. Valence scores are compared among the viewers of the two countries over the time span of the whole commercial, and subpopulation differences of basic emotions (joy, surprise, anger, sadness, disgust, fear, and contempt) are explored using time series clustering along with optimizations for the dynamic time warping (DTW) distance. Screening sequences in this way reveals insight on the emotional reactions of different viewer groups. The findings instruct tourism marketers on how to fit the targeted emotions elicited by tourist destination advertising with various cultural settings.
Complexity in tame quantum theories
Authors: Grimm Thomas W. , Schlechter Lorenz , van Vliet Mick 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Inspired by the notion that physical systems can contain only a finite amount of information or complexity, we introduce a framework that allows for quantifying the amount of logical information needed to specify a function or set. We then apply this methodology to a variety of physical systems and derive the complexity of parameter-dependent physical observables and coupling functions appearing in effective Lagrangians. In order to implement these ideas, it is essential to consider physical theories that can be defined in an o-minimal structure. O-minimality, a concept from mathematical logic, encapsulates a tameness principle. It was recently argued that this property is inherent to many known quantum field theories and is linked to the UV completion of the theory. To assign a complexity to each statement in these theories one has to further constrain the allowed o-minimal structures. To exemplify this, we show that many physical systems can be formulated using Pfaffian o-minimal structures, which have a well-established notion of complexity. More generally, we propose adopting sharply o-minimal structures, recently introduced by Binyamini and Novikov, as an overarching framework to measure complexity in quantum theories.
Heavy quark transverse momentum dependent fragmentation
Authors: Dai Lin , Kim Chul , Leibovich Adam K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we investigate the heavy quark (HQ) mass effects on the transverse momentum dependent fragmentation function (TMDFF). We first calculate the one-loop TMDFF initiated by a heavy quark. We then investigate the HQ TMDFF in the limit where the transverse momentum, q⊥ is small compared to the heavy quark mass, q⊥ ≪ m and also in the opposite limit where q⊥ ≫ m. As applications of the HQ TMDFF, we study the HQ transverse momentum dependent jet fragmentation function, where the heavy quark fragments into a jet containing a heavy hadron, and we investigate a heavy hadron’s transverse momentum dependent distribution with respect to the thrust axis in e+e− collisions.
Two-loop integrals of half-BPS six-point functions on a line
Authors: Rodrigues Ricardo 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We evaluated all two-loop conformal integrals of scalar half-BPS six-point functions in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 SYM restricted to a configuration where all points lie on a line. Moreover, we also computed some of these integrals in the kinematical limit where adjacent points become null-separated. Our results can serve as cross-checks for future works which obtain these integrals for general kinematics or by different methods such as integrability.
Field redefinitions and infinite field anomalous dimensions
Authors: Manohar Aneesh V. , Pagès Julie , Nepveu Jasper Roosmale 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Field redefinitions are commonly used to reduce the number of operators in the Lagrangian by removing redundant operators and transforming to a minimal operator basis. We give a general argument that such field redefinitions, while leaving the S-matrix invariant and consequently finite, lead not only to infinite Green’s functions, but also to infinite field anomalous dimensions γϕ. These divergences cannot be removed by counterterms without reintroducing redundant operators.
Chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Polyposis nasi
Authors: Strauss J. , Lochbaum R. , Hoffmann T. K. , Mayer B. , Appel H. , Hahn J. 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die chronische Rhinosinusitis mit Polyposis nasi (CRSwNP) wird zunehmend als multifaktorielle inflammatorische Erkrankung verstanden, deren Therapieprinzipien in den vergangenen Jahren größeren Veränderungen unterlagen. Neben operativen Maßnahmen werden topische und systemische Steroide sowie eine adaptive Acetylsalicylsäure(ASS)-Desaktivierung bei entsprechenden Indikationskriterien eingesetzt. Seit 2019 ergänzen 3 spezifische Antikörper das therapeutische Portfolio.

Methoden
Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Auswertung aller Patienten, die in den Jahren 2007 und 2008 (Kollektiv A) sowie 2017 und 2018 (Kollektiv B) erstmalig aufgrund einer CRSwNP ambulant vorstellig wurden, bis inklusive Juni 2023.

Ergebnisse
Der klinische Verlauf von 463 Patienten (Durchschnittsalter: 49,1 Jahre; Spannbreite: 5–82 Jahre, 65,9 % männlich) wurde in die Auswertung eingeschlossen. Eine vor Erstvorstellung begonnene konservative Behandlung mit nasalen Kortikosteroiden wurde in Kollektiv B häufiger durchgeführt (Kollektiv A 43,9 % vs. Kollektiv B 72,2 %). Bei 278 der 463 Patienten (60 %; A: 62 %, B: 58 %) erfolgte nach Erstvorstellung mindestens eine Nasennebenhöhlenoperation. Bei 101 Patienten (36,3 %) davon kam es nach einer Operation im weiteren Verlauf im Mittel nach 2,4 Jahren zu einem behandlungsbedürftigen Polyposisrezidiv. Die Indikation zur ASS-Provokation/-Desaktivierung wurde im Kollektiv B seltener gestellt, nicht zuletzt aufgrund der hohen Abbruchrate (mindestens 38 %) der Erhaltungstherapie. Bei 16 Patienten der Gesamtkohorte (3,5 %, A: n = 8, B: n = 8) war bei Auftreten des Rezidivs inzwischen die Einstellung auf eine Therapie mit einem Antikörper erfolgt.

Schlussfolgerung
Ein stufenweises leitlinienkonformes Vorgehen ist sinnvoll. Der systemische Einsatz von Antikörpern bei therapieresistenten CRSwNP-Verläufen stellt eine verhältnismäßig neue Behandlungsoption dar, welche die relativ nebenwirkungsreiche und compliancearme ASS-Desaktivierung reduzieren wird.
The effect of surface roughness on the performance of 3D printed surface plasmon resonance sensors for refractive index measurements
Authors: Saitta Lorena , Celano Giovanni , Tosto Claudio , Arcadio Francesco , Zeni Luigi , Sergi Claudia , Cennamo Nunzio , Cicala Gianluca 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, a polymer-based surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor for refractive index measurements was designed and manufactured via inkjet 3D printing; then, it was optically characterized. Next, it was investigated how the surface finish of the 3D printed optical waveguide affects the sensor performance, i.e., its sensitivity. More in detail, it was studied how the surface roughness changes with the placement of the 3D printed items on the building platform. To achieve this purpose, a Phase I distribution-free quality monitoring analysis of the selected manufacturing process was implemented for a small pilot production run. The aim was to check the stability of surface roughness versus the placement of the 3D printed parts on the building platform. The 3D printed sensor’s surface roughness was assessed through a profilometry study. In particular, the surface roughness was determined for the core of the optical waveguide used to excite the SPR phenomena. Furthermore, the SPR sensors were optically characterized to find the existing relationship between their sensitivity and the considered quality of surface finish. In particular, by varying the surface roughness of the used waveguide, the light scattering in the waveguide changes, and the SPR sensitivity changes too, similarly to the light-diffusing fibers covered by gold nanofilms where the guided light is scattered through a plurality of voids distributed in the core. The procedure followed to investigate the sensor roughness, and establishing their performance enabled the optimal operative range for their application in practice to be identified. Finally, a better knowledge of the 3D printing manufacturing process has been achieved to improve quality of surface finish.
Ecological implications and seasonal variability of grazing by marine copepods on phytoplankton: comparison between Acartia omorii and A. steueri in Jangmok Bay, Korea
Authors: Choi Seo Yeol , Lee Eun Hye , Jang Min-Chul , Seo Min Ho , Soh Ho Young 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe grazing impacts of two Acartia species (Acartia omorii and A. steueri) on size-fractionated phytoplankton biomass were measured in Jangmok Bay, Korea (34°59′37.8" N, 128°40′28.2'' E) from January to May 2015. Total chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentrations ranged from 0.66 to 5.18 µg L−1, and micro-phytoplankton (> 20 µm) comprised up to 66% (range, 10.5–65.6%) of the total pigment. The total abundance of Acartia species ranged from 267 to 5931 ind. m−3, and these copepods accounted for 20.8 to 88.0% of the total copepod abundance. The ingestion rates of A. steueri (r2 = 0.904, P = 0.013) and A. omorii (r2 = 0.239, P = 0.046) showed a high correlation with micro-phytoplankton. The average grazing impact of Acartia species on phytoplankton biomass was approximately 6.8 ± 11.8% (range, 0.1–69.0%). Temperature–salinity (T–S) diagram analysis revealed distinct environmental preferences for each species; A. omorii preferred a broader temperature range of 6.2 to 17.1 °C and a salinity range of 31.8 to 33.5, whereas A. steueri was more restricted, preferring temperatures between 6.5 and 12.8 °C and a salinity range of 32.2 to 33.5. These findings not only contribute to our understanding of the ecological roles of these copepod species in marine ecosystems but also highlight the importance of continuous research regarding the mechanisms driving their coexistence and interaction with the coastal food web.
Morphological insights into the three-dimensional complexity of rhodolith beds
Authors: Cabrito Andrea , de Juan Silvia , Hinz Hilmar , Maynou Francesc 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe ecological importance of rhodolith beds stems from their role as structurally complex three-dimensional habitat formed by free-living red calcareous algae. Their structural singularity is due to the great variety of complex and branching morphologies exhibited by rhodoliths that create interstitial spaces and increase their surface area. This increases the ecological niches for cryptofauna and provide refuge for a high number of organisms, which is why rhodolith beds are considered biodiversity hotspots. In this work, we studied a rhodolith bed located in the Menorca Channel, formed by several species of red calcareous algae that exhibit a great variety of morphologies and form an extensive and heterogeneous habitat. This study explored the morphological diversity of the rhodolith bed, comparing the ‘Core Habitat’ (within the center of the bed with the highest densities of rhodoliths) with the boundaries or ‘Adjacent Habitat’ where rhodolith density was lower. Our results show that all rhodolith growth forms (branched, pralines and boxwork) in the Core Habitat had higher interstitial space and were larger than the ones from adjacent zones. Moreover, we explored the three-dimensional techniques to study the morphological characteristics that have historically been studied in two dimensions. This study contributes to the knowledge of morphological diversity in well-preserved rhodolith beds from continental shelves in the western Mediterranean Sea and reinforces the use of three-dimensional measurements, specifically the interstitial space of branched rhodoliths, to provide more accurate data on habitat complexity.
The Fragility of Statistical Findings in Cervical Disc Arthroplasty: a Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Megafu Emmanuel C. , Megafu Michael N. , Nguyen Janet T. , Du Jour Elisabeth Point , Bronson Wesley H. , Lin James D. , Hecht Andrew C. , Parisien Robert L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study employs both the fragility index (FI) and fragility quotient (FQ) to assess the level of robustness in the cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) literature. We hypothesize that dichotomous outcomes involving CDA would exhibit statistical vulnerability.

Methods
A PubMed search was conducted to evaluate dichotomous data for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in CDA literature from 2000 to 2023. The FI of each outcome was calculated through the reversal of a single outcome event until significance was reversed. The FQ was calculated by dividing each fragility index by the study sample size. The interquartile range (IQR) was also calculated for the FI and FQ.

Results
Of the 1561 articles screened, 111 met the search criteria, with 35 RCTs evaluating CDA included for analysis. Six hundred and ninety-three outcome events with 130 significant (P < 0.05) outcomes and 563 nonsignificant (P ≥ 0.05) outcomes were identified. The overall FI and FQ for all 693 outcomes were 5 (IQR 3–7) and 0.019 (IQR 0.011–0.043). Fragility analysis of statistically significant outcomes and nonsignificant outcomes both revealed an FI of 5. All of the studies reported loss to follow-up (LTF) data where 65.7% (23) did not report or reported an LTF greater or equal to 5.

Conclusions
The literature regarding CDA RCTs lacks statistical robustness and may misrepresent the conclusions with the sole use of the P value. By implementing the FI and FQ along with the P value, we believe the interpretation and contextualization of the clinical data surrounding CDA will be better understood.
Personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with primary vitreous floaters
Authors: Senra Hugo , Ali Zaria , Aslam Tariq , Patton Niall 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We investigated personality traits and symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with primary vitreous floaters.

Methods
A U.K. sample of adult patients (> 18 years old) with vitreous floaters of a minimum of three months severe enough to seek a consultation was assessed for personality traits (The Big Five Inventory (BFI)), symptoms of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and symptoms of anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7).

Results
149 patients participated in the study. Compared to the general population, our sample had a significantly increased score in the domain of BFI-neuroticism (3.27 vs 2.97, ρ < 0.0001, d = 0.38) and reduced score in the domain of extraversion (2.97 vs 3.24, ρ < 0.0001, d = 0.33). Female patients scored significantly higher than male patients on BFI-neuroticism (ρ = 0.01), and on BFI-agreeableness (ρ = 0.01). Age was positively correlated with BFI-Conscientiousness (r = 0.19, ρ = 0.02) and with BFI-Agreeableness (r = 0.20, ρ = 0.01). 36% of our sample had moderate to severe symptoms of depression, and 43% had moderate to severe symptoms of anxiety.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the underlying psychological traits of patients with severe vitreous floaters and particular mental health needs that deserve further consideration by ophthalmological and vision science clinicians.
Genotype and clinical phenotype of children with Marfan syndrome in Southeastern Anatolia
Authors: Karaoglan Murat , Nacarkahya Gulper , Aytac Emel Hatun , Keskin Mehmet 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe cardinal phenotypic hallmarks of Marfan syndrome (MFS) include cardiac, ocular, and skeletal abnormalities. Since the clinical phenotype of MFS is highly heterogeneous, with certain symptoms appearing as children age, the diagnostic process and establishing a genotype-phenotype association in childhood MFS can be challenging. The lack of sufficient childhood studies also makes it difficult to interpret the subject. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between clinical symptoms used as diagnostic criteria and FBN1 variations in children with MFS. This study investigated the relationships between genotypes and phenotypes in 131 children suspected of having Marfan syndrome (MFS). Diagnosis of MFS was made according to the revised Ghent nosology. FBN1 variants were categorized based on exon regions, type of variant, and pathogenicity classes. These FBN1 variants were then correlated with the clinical manifestations including cardiovascular, ocular, facial, and skeletal abnormalities. Out of the children, 43 were diagnosed with MFS. FBN1 variant was identified in 32 (74.4%) of the MFS children. MFS diagnosis could not be made in five (15.6%) FBN1 variant-positive children. The most common cardinal finding is cardiac anomalies n = 38 (88.3%). The most common FBN1 pathogenic variant was c.1786 T > C/p.Cys596Arg n = 4 (12.5%). The distribution of pathogenic variants was as follows: 29 (90.6%) missense, 2 (6.3%) frameshift, and 1 (3.1%) nonsense. The numbers of AD and EL of the variant-positive children were 16 (50%) and 14 (43.7%), respectively. Ocular abnormalities were more common in children with FBN1-positive MFS (p = 0.009). There was no difference in the number of cardiac abnormalities between FBN1-positive and FBN1-negative MFS patients (p = 0.139). Conclusion: This study examines the relationship between FBN1 variants and clinical features used as diagnostic criteria in MFS children. The findings emphasize the importance of long-term monitoring of heterogeneous clinical phenotypes and bioinformatic reanalysis in determining the genotype-phenotype relationship in children, as MFS symptoms can vary with age.

What is Known:• Marfan syndrome has highly variable phenotypic heterogeneity.• The genotype-phenotype relationship in childhood Marfan syndrome is not clear enough due to the variation in the time of onset of the findings.

What is New:• This article provides regional data for the field of research on genotype-phenotype relationships in childhood Marfan syndrome.• Long-term follow-up of clinical findings and bioinformatics reanalysis is an important requirement for a well-established genotype-phenotype relationship in childhood Marfan syndrome.
Germline findings in cancer predisposing genes from a small cohort of chordoma patients
Authors: Raygada Margarita , John Liny , Liu Anne , Schultz Julianne , Thomas B. J. , Bernstein Donna , Miettinen Markku , Raffeld Mark , Xi Liqiang , Tyagi Manoj , Aldape Kenneth , Glod John , Reilly Karlyne M. , Widemann Brigitte C. , Wedekind Mary Frances 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Chordoma is a rare slow-growing tumor that occurs along the length of the spinal axis and arises from primitive notochordal remnants (Stepanek et al., Am J Med Genet 75:335–336, 1998). Most chordomas are sporadic, but a small percentage of cases are due to hereditary cancer syndromes (HCS) such as tuberous sclerosis 1 and 2 (TSC1/2), or constitutional variants in the gene encoding brachyury T (TBXT) (Pillay et al., Nat Genet 44:1185–1187, 2012; Yang et al., Nat Genet 41:1176–1178, 2009).

Purpose
The genetic susceptibility of these tumors is not well understood; there are only a small number of studies that have performed germline genetic testing in this population.

Methods
We performed germline genetic in chordoma patients using genomic DNA extracted by blood or saliva.

Conclusion
We report here a chordoma cohort of 24 families with newly found germline genetic mutations in cancer predisposing genes. We discuss implications for genetic counseling, clinical management, and universal germline genetic testing for cancer patients with solid tumors.