bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-operative maintenance of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is not associated with acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery patients with cardio-pulmonary bypass: a propensity-matched multicentric analysis
Authors: Guilleminot Pierre , Andrei Stefan , Nguyen Maxime , Abou-Arab Osama , Besnier Emmanuel , Bouhemad Belaid , Guinot Pierre-Grégoire ,   Collaborator study group
Published: May 2024

Objective: We investigated the effects of the maintenance of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) the day of the surgery on the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) and cardiac events in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.Methods: We performed a multicentric observational study with propensity matching on 1,072 patients treated with ACE inhibitors. We collected their baseline demographic data, comorbidities, and operative and postoperative outcomes. AKI was defined by KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome).Results: Maintenance of an ACE inhibitor was not associated with an increased risk of AKI (OR: 1.215 (CI95%:0.657–2.24), p = 0.843, 71 patients (25.1%) vs. 68 patients (24%)). Multivariate logistic regression and sensitive analysis did not demonstrate any association between ACE inhibitor maintenance and AKI, following cardiac surgery (OR: 1.03 (CI95%:0.81–1.3)). No statistically significant difference occurs in terms of incidence of cardiogenic shock (OR: 1.315 (CI95%:0.620–2.786)), stroke (OR: 3.313 (CI95%:0.356–27.523)), vasoplegia (OR: 0.741 (CI95%:0.419–1.319)), postoperative atrial fibrillation (OR: 1.710 (CI95%:0.936–3.122)), or mortality (OR: 2.989 (CI95%:0.343–26.034)). ICU and hospital length of stays did not differ (3 [2; 5] vs. 3 [2; 5] days, p = 0.963 and 9.5 [8; 12] vs. 10 [8; 14] days, p = 0.638).Conclusion: Our study revealed that maintenance of ACE inhibitors on the day of the surgery was not associated with increased postoperative AKI. ACE inhibitor maintenance was also not associated with an increased rate of postoperative major cardiovascular events (arterial hypotension, cardiogenic shock, vasopressors use, stroke and death).
The influence of the way of regression on the results obtained by the receptorial responsiveness method (RRM), a procedure to estimate a change in the concentration of a pharmacological agonist near the receptor
Authors: Ovari Ignac , Viczjan Gabor , Erdei Tamas , Takacs Barbara , Tarjanyi Vera , Zsuga Judit , Szucs Miklos , Szilvassy Zoltan , Juhasz Bela , Gesztelyi Rudolf 
Published: May 2024

The receptorial responsiveness method (RRM) enables the estimation of a change in concentration of an (even degradable) agonist, near its receptor, via curve fitting to (at least) two concentration-effect (E/c) curves of a stable agonist. One curve should be generated before this change, and the other afterwards, in the same system. It follows that RRM yields a surrogate parameter (“cx”) as the concentration of the stable agonist being equieffective with the change in concentration of the other agonist. However, regression can be conducted several ways, which can affect the accuracy, precision and ease-of-use. This study utilized data of previous ex vivo investigations. Known concentrations of stable agonists were estimated with RRM by performing individual (local) or global fitting, this latter with one or two model(s), using a logarithmic (logcx) or a nonlogarithmic (cx) parameter (the latter in a complex or in a simplified equation), with ordinary least-squares or robust regression, and with an “all-at-once” or “pairwise” fitting manner. We found that the simplified model containing logcx was superior to all alternative models. The most complicated individual regression was the most accurate, followed closely by the moderately complicated two-model global regression and then by the easy-to-perform one-model global regression. The two-model global fitting was the most precise, followed by the individual fitting (closely) and by the one-model global fitting (from afar). Pairwise fitting (two E/c curves at once) improved the estimation. Thus, the two-model global fitting, performed pairwise, and the individual fitting are recommended for RRM, using the simplified model containing logcx.
Foliar selenium biofortification of soybean: the potential for transformation of mineral selenium into organic forms
Authors: Mrština Tomáš , Praus Lukáš , Száková Jiřina , Kaplan Lukáš , Tlustoš Pavel 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionSelenium (Se) deficiency, stemming from malnutrition in humans and animals, has the potential to disrupt many vital physiological processes, particularly those reliant on specific selenoproteins. Agronomic biofortification of crops through the application of Se-containing sprays provides an efficient method to enhance the Se content in the harvested biomass. An optimal candidate for systematic enrichment, guaranteeing a broad trophic impact, must meet several criteria: (i) efficient accumulation of Se without compromising crop yield, (ii) effective conversion of mineral Se fertilizer into usable organically bound Se forms (Seorg), (iii) acceptance of a Se-enriched crop as livestock feed, and (iv), interest from the food processing industry in utilization of Se-enriched outputs. Hence, priority should be given to high-protein leafy crops, such as soybean.MethodsA three-year study in the Czech Republic was conducted to investigate the response of field-grown soybean plants to foliar application of Na2SeO4 solutions (0, 15, 40, and 100 g/ha Se); measured outcomes included crop yield, Se distribution in aboveground biomass, and the chemical speciation of Se in seeds.Results and DiscussionSeed yield was unaffected by applied SeO42-, with Se content reaching levels as high as 16.2 mg/kg. The relationship between SeO42-dose and Se content in seeds followed a linear regression model. Notably, the soybeans demonstrated an impressive 73% average recovery of Se in seeds. Selenomethionine was identified as the predominant species of Se in enzymatic hydrolysates of soybean, constituting up to 95% of Seorg in seeds. Minor Se species, such as selenocystine, selenite, and selenate, were also detected. The timing of Se spraying influenced both plant SeO42- biotransformation and total content in seeds, emphasizing the critical importance of optimizing the biofortification protocol. Future research should explore the economic viability, long-term ecological sustainability, and the broad nutritional implications of incorporating Se-enriched soybeans into food for humans and animals.
HIV self-testing knowledge, attitudes, and practices among Asian-born gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Australia: a qualitative study
Authors: Zhang Ying , Chow Eric P. F. , Sudarto Budiadi , Wang David , Stoove Mark , Medland Nicholas , O'Donnell Darryl , Keen Phillip , Ong Jason J. , Phillips Tiffany R. 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundAchieving virtual elimination of HIV transmission in Australia requires a combination of high treatment rates and high testing coverage among individuals at risk of acquiring HIV. HIV self-testing (HIVST) is an additional testing approach for key populations.ObjectiveWe aimed to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of HIVST among Asian-born gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM).MethodsThis qualitative study used semi-structured interviews of overseas-born GBMSM of Asian background in Australia. Participants were recruited from personal networks, social media platforms, snowballing, and the Melbourne Sexual Health Centre. Twenty-five participants were purposively sampled with a range of ages and previous levels of experience with HIVST. Interview transcripts were imported into Nvivo 12 for data management.ResultsThe age of the participants ranged from 19 to 44 years, with a median of 30 years. Most were unaware of HIVST before the interview, and only a few had ever used one. All had limited sexual health knowledge (i.e., HIV testing, PrEP) before they arrived in Australia. Upon learning about HIVST during the interview, many expressed willingness to use HIVST, but in limited circumstances, such as traveling overseas, interim testing while taking on-demand PrEP, and point-of-sex testing. Almost all were open to distributing HIVST to their casual partners or friends, especially those they knew who engaged in high-risk sexual practice (i.e., condomless anal sex) and were not engaged in sexual healthcare. About half still preferred conventional serology testing because of regular HIV testing as part of PrEP prescription and the need for testing for other sexually transmitted infections.ConclusionHIVST may be an acceptable additional testing approach for HIV testing among Asian-born GBMSM. Peer education and secondary distribution may help raise HIVST awareness and use.
Measles outbreak investigation in Berhet District, North Shewa, Ethiopia
Authors: Shimelis Yohannes , Asrat Anemaw , Tadege Tesfahun , Feleke Sefineh Fenta 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionMeasles, though usually self-limiting, can have severe consequences influenced by factors such as vaccination and nutrition, notably vitamin A deficiency and malnutrition. Despite progress, contextual changes and implementation issues have hampered efforts, resulting in increased outbreaks and cases of measles. This study seeks to pinpoint outbreak features, risk factors, and strategies for preventing and controlling measles.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study and a 1:2 unmatched case-control study design were employed. All 101 suspected measles cases listed on the line-list were included in the descriptive research, with 60 measles patients and 120 controls included in the case-control investigation. Line-list data were cleaned and analyzed using a pivot table in Microsoft Excel 2016. Subsequently, the data were cleaned, entered into Epi Info 7.2, and exported to SPSS 26 for analysis.ResultsTwenty cases occurred per 10,000 individuals. Men accounted for 67.3% of cases, with ages ranging from 5 months to 45 years and mean and standard deviations of 9.6 and 7.6, respectively. Age group of 5–14 years comprised 57.4% of cases, followed by 1–4 years with 24.8%. Being unvaccinated against measles showed an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 12.06 (95% CI: 3.12–46.52). Travel history to regions with active cases had an AOR of 5.73 (95% CI: 1.78–18.38). Contact with a measles patient showed an AOR of 10.3 (95% CI: 3.48–30.5). Understanding the measles transmission mechanism had an AOR of 0.164 (95% CI: 0.049–0.55), and awareness of the disease's preventability had an AOR of 0.233 (95% CI: 0.67–0.811). All factors were independently associated with the illness.ConclusionThis outbreak affected a broader age range with a high attack rate, mainly in the age group of 5–14-years. Over 35% of cases lacked measles vaccination, indicating low administrative vaccine coverage. Factors contributing to the outbreak include lack of measles vaccination, travel to areas with active disease, contact with cases, and insufficient knowledge of measles transmission and prevention strategies among mothers and caregivers.
Oldest old’s travel mode choice and new mobility technology acceptance: case in America and China
Authors: Zhang Yang , Guan Jinping , D'Ambrosio Lisa A. , Miller Julie , Lee Chaiwoo , Zhang Kai , Coughlin Joseph F. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThe oldest olds (aged 85 and over) are the fastest-growing age segment. However, our understanding of their mobility is limited. To address this gap, we invited 19 U.S. and 30 Chinese “oldest old” to take part in focus groups and complete a mobility questionnaire. We focus on travel mode choice, which includes changes in travel modes, frequency of usage, and perceptions of comfort.MethodsOlder adults’ familiarity and acceptance of new mobility technologies (e.g., ridesharing, carsharing, and autonomous vehicles) were measured by questionnaire and focus group. Word clouds were also used to illustrate people’s reasons for choosing their primary mode of transportation.Results and discussionThe results show that both panels of older adults similarly feel some extent of travel limitations. But the responses among the two groups differ: 18 American participants chose “drive myself” as their primary option a decade ago, while 11 chose it now; no Chinese participants selected it either a decade ago or now. Both currently and 10 years ago, there was a significant difference in mode choice between participants in China and the United States. However, this gap has narrowed over the past decade. Participants in China have significantly changed their transportation preferences compared to 10 years ago, while participants in the US have remained nearly unchanged. American respondents consider “ease” as an important factor, while Chinese respondents pay more attention to “safety” and “no other option to get around” when making travel mode choices. Compared to Chinese participants, American participants were more comfortable with driving an autonomous vehicle. These differences may result from the various developmental stages and transportation policies of the two countries. This study supports the development of new mobility technologies for the oldest old to improve their quality of life.
Second dose of measles-containing vaccine coverage and associated factors among children aged 24–36 months in Gondar city, Central Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Adisu Molalign Aligaz , Bogale Worknesh Akanaw , Alemu Tewodros Getaneh 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundMeasles caused 207,000 deaths worldwide in 2019. Ethiopia ranks among the top 10 countries in the world with the highest number of measles cases. However, the coverage of the second dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) remains low. To increase coverage, the government of Ethiopia launched a nationwide measles vaccination campaign. Despite this intervention, the coverage is still below target, and there is scarce information in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess MCV2 coverage and associated factors among children aged 24–36 months in Gondar city, Central Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia, 2023.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 621 children aged 24–36 months using a systematic random sampling technique from 25 April to 25 May. A pre-tested, interviewer-administered, and structured questionnaire was used and collected using Kobo Toolbox and then transferred to Stata version 17 for further analysis. The binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors, and the presence of an association was declared using a p-value of &lt;0.05. Similarly, an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to interpret the direction and strength of an association.ResultsA total of 621 children, with a response rate of 98.1%, participated in the study. The coverage of the second dose of MCV was 75.68% (95% CI: 72.1–78.9). The following factors were significantly associated with measles-containing vaccine second dose (MCV2) coverage: father as the household head (AOR: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.43–6.44), first birth order (AOR: 4.45, 95% CI: 1.21–16.3), four and above antenatal care (ANC) follow-ups (AOR: 5.18, 95% CI:1.62–16.5), postnatal care (PNC) service utilization (AOR: 2.57, 95% CI:1.27–5.15), at least two doses of vitamin A uptake (AOR: 6.39, 95% CI: 2.67–15.2), mothers having high awareness (AOR: 1.97, 95% CI:1.15–3.4), and good perception (AOR: 3.6, 95% CI: 2–6.47) about measles vaccination.Conclusion and recommendationsThe coverage of MCV2 in the study area is lower than the national and global target of above 95%. Head of household, birth order, ANC follow-up, PNC service utilization, vitamin A uptake, awareness, and perception of mothers about measles vaccination were significant factors for MCV2 coverage. Creating awareness, increasing the perception of mothers about measles vaccination, and strengthening the ANC and PNC services will increase the coverage.
Instrumental activities of daily living function and cognitive status among Chinese older adults: a serial multiple mediation model
Authors: Huang Sijie , Zhong Wenjuan , Cheng Qingzhou , Shuai Yuxi , Zhu Jiahui , Diao Jiawei 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop and validate a serial multiple mediation model to investigate the association between instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) function and cognitive status among older adults while exploring the underlying mechanisms.MethodsThis cross-sectional study involved 3,665 individuals aged 60 years and older who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). A serial multiple mediation model was utilized to explore the direct and indirect relationship between IADL function and cognitive status and whether sleep duration, social engagement, and depressive symptoms mediated this relationship.ResultsDecreased IADL function was associated with worse cognitive status [effect = −0.620, 95% CI: (−0.692, −0.540)]. Sleep duration, social participation (SP), and depressive symptoms all acted as mediators in the relationship between IADL function and cognitive status.ConclusionThis study found both direct and indirect associations between IADL function and cognitive status, providing new insights into the effective prevention and intervention of cognitive decline among older adults.
Investigating the impact of preslaughter handling intensity on goats: a study on behavior, physiology, blood enzymes, and hormonal responses
Authors: Al-Owaimer Abdullah N. , Suliman Gamaleldin M. , Alobre Mohsen M. , Swelum Ayman A. , Al-Badwi Mohammed A. , Ba-Awadh Hani , Sazili Awis Qurni , Kumar Pavan , Kaka Ubedullah 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThe present study evaluated the effect of preslaughter stress intensities on the behavioral, physiological, blood biochemicals, and hormonal responses in goats.MethodsTwenty-seven intact male goats (Ardi breed, 10 months of age, 27 kg liveweight) were divided into three treatment groups viz., the control (C) group, ear pulling (EP) group, and leg pulling (LP) group. Various behavioral, physiological, blood biochemical and hormonal responses were recorded before and after handling.Results and DiscussionThe EP and LP goats had a higher frequency and intensity of vocalization as compared to control goats. The preslaughter handling stress intensities had a significant effect on the before and after handling values of heart rate, respiration rate, rectal temperature, and ear temperature. Further, among groups, the glucose value increased significantly upon preslaughter handling as compared to the baseline value. The LP goats had significantly higher after-handling value for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as compared to the before-handling value. The catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) and β-endorphin concentrations increased significantly upon preslaughter handling. The higher physiological, behavioral, blood biochemical, and hormonal response indicated higher preslaughter stress in EP and LP goats. Both levels of intensity revealed unfavorable responses in goats that may adversely affect animal welfare and meat quality. Thus, to ensure minimal adverse effects on behavior, physiology, blood enzymes, and hormonal responses, it is recommended to follow animal welfare principles when implementing preslaughter handling practices.
Aplasia of the Uterus and Vagina: Historical Aspects, Classification, Diagnosis and Methods of Correction
Authors: Можейко Л.Ф. , Прибыщук А.Ю. 
Published: May 2024

В обзорной статье рассмотрены современные принципы классификации, патогенез, клиника, основные методы диагностики и лечения аплазии матки и влагалища – синдрома Майера – Рокитанского – Кюстера – Хаузера.
The review article examines the modern principles of classification, pathogenesis, clinical picture, main methods of diagnosis and treatment of aplasia of the uterus and vagina – Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome.
The State of Hemodynamics in the "Mother – Placenta – Fetus" System in Pregnant Women with Helminthic Invasion
Authors: Бабашова Ф.М. 
Published: May 2024

Наличие гельминто-протозойной инвазии у беременной требует дополнительных затрат на выполнение лечебно-диагностического стандарта при оказании медицинской помощи этой группе пациентов. Тенденция роста заболеваемости беременных гельминто-протозойными инвазиями (что существенно влияет на исход беременности, течение родов и состояние здоровья новорожденных) определяет необходимость проведения исследований, направленных на изучение качества и объема лечения и диагностической помощи, оказанной этой группе пациентов.
The presence of helminth-protozoal infestation in a pregnant woman requires additional costs for meeting the diagnostic and treatment standard when providing medical care to this group of patients. The growing trend in the incidence of helminth-protozoal infestations in pregnant women (which significantly affects the outcome of pregnancy, the course of labor and the health of newborns) determines the need to conduct research aimed at studying the quality and volume of treatment and diagnostic care provided to this group of patients.
Unfavorable Outcome of Full-Term Pregnancy with Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Confirmed Placental Virus Infection
Authors: Зновец Т.В. , Барановская Е.И. , Пересада О.А. , Гасич Е.Л. 
Published: May 2024

В статье описан случай клинического течения COVID-19 у беременной женщины с неблагоприятным исходом для плода. Антенатальная смерть плода произошла на 7-й день после начала клинической манифестации COVID-19 у матери при доношенной беременности. Беременность наступила без прегравидарной подготовки на фоне курения, в течение беременности диагностированы бактериальный вагиноз и анемия средней степени тяжести. Каждый их этих факторов мог оказать негативное влияние на процесс плацентации, роста и созревания плаценты, что привело к задержке созревания ворсинчатого хориона и гипоплазии плаценты. РНК вируса SARS-CoV-2 обнаружена в плаценте, однако воспаления в ткани плаценты не было, и смерть плода наступила от асфиксии вследствие хронических плацентарных нарушений, развившихся задолго до начала вирусной инфекции. Возможно, декомпенсация плацентарных нарушений при COVID-19 стала следствием иммунного системного воспалительного ответа.
The article describes a case of the clinical course of COVID-19 in a pregnant woman with an unfavorable outcome for the fetus. Antenatal fetal death occurred on the 7th day after the onset of clinical manifestation of COVID-19 in the mother during full-term pregnancy. Pregnancy occurred without preconception preparation due to smoking. Bacterial vaginosis and moderate anemia were diagnosed during pregnancy. Each of these factors could have a negative impact on the process of placentation, growth and maturation of the placenta, which led to delayed maturation of the villous chorion and placental hypoplasia. RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus was detected in the placenta, but there was no inflammation in the placental tissue, and the death of the fetus occurred from asphyxia due to chronic placental disorders that developed long before the onset of the viral infection. Perhaps decompensation of placental disorders in COVID-19 was a consequence of the immune systemic inflammatory response.