bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on Epigeic Arthropods of Cotton Agroecosystems
Authors: Wickings Kyle G , Ruberson John 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), has been studied extensively in its role in aboveground food webs of agroecosystems of the southern United States. There is also a limited body of evidence suggesting that S. invicta may significantly influence the soil fauna. This study examined the influence of fire ants on the arthropod communities at the soil surface of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., fields at two field sites operated by the University of Georgia in Athens and Tifton, GA (1 yr at each location). Fire ant abundance was suppressed in large plots with ant-specific hydramethylnon-based bait, and arthropods were collected from treatment and control plots by using pitfall traps during multiple week-long sample periods to measure the abundance of epigeic arthropods. Sampling was conducted from June through September 2006 in Athens and from July through September 2007 in Tifton. Although fire ant suppression decreased the abundance of erythraeid mites and nitidulid beetles at both sites, the majority of effects were site-specific. Other taxa positively associated with fire ants included oribatid mites and gnaphosid and linyphiid spiders. In contrast, the abundance of springtails, earwigs, endomychid beetles, and thrips increased with fire ant suppression. This study demonstrates that S. invicta can significantly influence both pest and beneficial epigeic arthropods and that although fire ants exert clear effects on specific taxa, their effects are not uniform within a given trophic group as members from the same guild were differentially impacted.
Seasonal Occurrence and Development of Degree-Day Models for Predicting Activity ofConotrachelus nenuphar(Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Alabama Peaches
Authors: Akotsen-Mensah Clement , Boozer Robert T , Appel Arthur G , Fadamiro Henry Y 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a key pest of peaches, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, in North America. Captures of adult weevils in unbaited pyramid traps recorded annually from 2000 to 2008 in an unmanaged peach orchard in central Alabama were used to determine its seasonal occurrence and to develop predictive degree-day models. Spring migration of plum curculio began at bloom (early to mid-March). Linear, polynomial, and three-parameter Weibull functions were tested to describe the relationship between weekly trap capture and cumulative degree-day (DD). Criteria used to select the best models were the smallest Akaike information criterion and highest R2 values. A sixth-order polynomial function fitted best to seasonal trap captures and cumulative DDs and revealed two major seasonal peaks with the first (spring generation) and second (summer generation) peaks occurring at cumulative DDs of ≈245 and 1105 (base 10°C, biofix of 1 January), respectively. A potential third (late summer generation) peak was observed at 1758 DDs. The sixth-order polynomial model predicted the first trap capture to occur at cumulative DD of ≈99 (base 10°C, biofix of 1 January). The three-parameter Weibull model predicted the first trap and first peak (spring generation) trap captures to occur at mean cumulative DDs of 108.02 ± 9 and 220.07 ± 16, respectively. Validation of the models in the unmanaged orchard in 2009 and 2010 and in a second unmanaged orchard (located 1.6 km from the first) in 2009 showed that the polynomial and Weibull were within ±7 d in their predictions of the first and peak trap captures of the spring population. Validation results showed that both models successfully predicted the first trap capture in one out of three scenarios and the peak trap capture in two out of three scenarios. The performance of the models is discussed in relation to management of plum curculio in central Alabama.
Diversity of Neotropical Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) Inhabiting Logs and Palm Fronds in the Rain Forests of Trinidad
Authors: Proud Daniel N , Tibbetts Jessica A , Moore Michael K , Townsend Victor R 
Published: March 2011

AbstractIn July and August 2005, we investigated the use of two distinct microhabitats by harvestmen (Arachnida: Opiliones) in crappo-cocorite seasonal forest, lower montane rain forest, and upper montane rain forest of the Northern Range of Trinidad, West Indies. In addition to new locality records, geographic distributions, and microhabitat use, this article provides a preliminary understanding of the species diversity, compositional similarity, and relative harvestmen abundance among forest stands located within three types of rain forest of different altitudes found in Trinidad. We collected harvestmen inhabiting the space within and underneath decaying logs as well as the leaf litter associated with the logs. In upper montane rain forest, in addition to logs, we sampled the sheaths of palm (Euterpe broadwayi Becc. ex Broadway) fronds, another shelter commonly used by harvestmen that was especially abundant at the higher elevations. We collected 173 individuals representing eight families and 14 species. The number of harvestmen per shelter varied from 3.2 individuals per log in crappo-cocorite forest to 0.8 individual per log or palm frond sheath in upper montane rain forest. In the crappo-cocorite seasonal forest, cosmetids, sclerosomatids and stygnids were most abundant. In upper montane rain forest, cranaids and manaosbiids were the most abundant taxa, whereas cosmetids and sclerosomatids were relatively rare. Crappo-cocorite and lower montane forests were very similar in species composition but differed greatly from upper montane forest. The cosmetids Paecilaema ingleiGoodnight and Goodnight 1947, Cynortula granulata Roewer 1912, and the stygnid Stygnoplus clavotibialis (Goodnight and Goodnight 1947) were found to be strongly correlated with the crappo-cocorite and lower montane forests, whereas in upper montane forests Santinezia serratotibialisRoewer 1932 and Cranellus montgomeryiGoodnight and Goodnight 1947 were closely correlated.
Seed Preferences of Three Harvester Ants of the Genus Pogonomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Monte Desert: Are They Reflected in the Diet?
Authors: Pirk Gabriela Inés , Casenave Javier Lopez De 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Harvester ants play an important ecological role as seed consumers in arid areas. We performed choice experiments to study preferences of Pogonomyrmex rastratus (Mayr), Pogonomyrmex mendozanus (Cuezzo & Claver), and Pogonomyrmex inermis (Forel) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for seeds of six native species (three grasses, two forbs, and a shrub) in the central Monte desert, Argentina. We hypothesized that ant diet composition would reflect ant preferences. Thus, based on previous ant diet studies, we expected that 1) the three species would prefer grass to nongrass seeds, 2) P. inermis would have a lower preference for nongrass seeds than P. rastratus and P. mendozanus and 3) relative abundance of seeds in the diet would be positively associated with relative preference. In general, relative abundance of seeds in the diet was positively associated with relative preferences. Ants preferred grass seeds, but P. inermis did not have a lower preference for nongrass seeds. We also analyzed the relationship between preferences for seeds of the six species and their size and morphology, and we found higher preferences for seeds of intermediate size but no relationship with seed morphology. The overall match between seed preferences and diet composition could increase the chances of ants affecting the abundance and composition of some seed resources in the Monte desert, with important community implications.
A New Species of Trechus from the Ethiopian Highlands (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae) and Key to the Trechus Species of Ethiopia
Authors: Ortuño Vicente M , Novoa Francisco 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
The enormous genus Trechus Clairville is distributed mainly in the Holarctic regions, but 24 species from Ethiopia were described previously. A key to the species of Ethiopian Trechus is provided, including a new species, Trechus amharicus from the Choke Mountains (Ethiopian Highlands). The latter taxon is described. The species was found in the Afroalpine grassland, living under stones, sometimes located at the base of the giant Lobelia rhynchopetalum Hemsl. It is noteworthy that in spite of the small number of known species of Ethiopian Trechus, there are more morphological and chaetotaxic variations among them than in their Holarctic congeners. The taxonomic position of the new species is difficult to situate, because T. amharicus does not fit in any of the groups of species recognized to date in Ethiopia. T. amharicus n. sp. bears some resemblance to T. patrizii in that it has a pronotum with posterior angles without setae, and elytra with only a single anterior discal seta. However, the different configuration of the protarsus and aedeagus in the male clearly separates the two taxa.
Glutathione Transferase and Cytochrome P450 (General Oxidase) Activity Levels in Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus-Infected and Uninfected Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
Authors: Tiwari Siddharth , Pelz-Stelinski Kirsten , Mann Rajinder S , Stelinski Lukasz L 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las) has been reported to increase the susceptibility of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), to selected insecticides. Reduced general esterase activity in Las-infected, compared with uninfected, D. citri has been proposed as a possible explanation for this difference in insecticide susceptibility. The current study was conducted to quantify glutathione transferase (GST) and cytochrome P450 (general oxidase) activities in Las-infected D. citri to further explain the possible mechanisms for altered susceptibility to insecticides due to Las infection. GST and cytochrome P450 activities (indirectly through general oxidase levels) were quantified in Las-infected and uninfected D. citri nymphs and adults. Mean (±SEM) GST activity was significantly lower in Las-infected (468.23 ± 26.87 /µmol/min/mg protein) than uninfected (757.63 ± 59.46 µmol/min/mg protein) D. citri adults. Likewise, mean cytochrome P450 activity was significantly lower in Las-infected (0.23 ± 0.02 equivalent units [EU] cytochrome P450/mg protein) than uninfected (0.49 ± 0.05 EU cytochrome P450/mg protein) D. citri adults. Immature stages (second and fifth instars) were characterized by significantly lower GST activity than adults for uninfected D. citri. However, cytochrome P450 activity was significantly higher in second instar nymphs than adults and fifth-instar nymphs for uninfected D. citri. Lower activities of GST and general oxidase in Las-infected D. citri indicate that infection with Las alters D. citri physiology in a manner that could increase insecticide susceptibility. The reduced activities of these detoxifying enzymes due to Las infection may be explained by examining expression levels of associated genes in Las-infected and uninfected D. citri.
Anatomy of Accessory Salivary Glands of the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and Correlations to Begomovirus Transmission
Authors: Cicero Joseph M , Brown Judith K 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Visualization of dissected accessory salivary glands (ASGs) of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) by light microscopy (LM) revealed three distinctive toluidine blue O stain profiles. Considered morphotypes, the three profiles are hypothesized to represent stages of a salivation cycle, wherein contents are cyclically depleted and subsequently regenerated as needed for feeding. When whiteflies were repeatedly interrupted during their initial feeding behaviors, and then ASGs were dissected, a fourth stain profile was revealed. These observations are therefore relevant to the different mechanisms involved in whitefly-mediated virus transmission to plants. Stain techniques involved in transmission electron microscopy of extirpated and nonextirpated ASGs reveal entirely different profiles that cannot yet be correlated to LM findings. The midgut of B. tabaci is capable of transposing its location from the abdomen to the thorax and can come into direct contact with the ASGs. This finding opens new lines of thought in the potential for interaction between the two, such as purging of excess water and waste, and virus transmission.
The structure of cranidial shape variation in three early ptychoparioid trilobite species from the Dyeran-Delamaran (traditional “Lower-Middle” Cambrian) boundary interval of Nevada, U.S.A.
Authors: Webster Mark 
Published: March 2011

The structure of cranidial shape variation in the early ptychoparioid trilobitesCrassifimbra walcotti, Crassifimbra?metalaspis(new combination), andEokochaspis nodosais explored using landmark-based geometric morphometric techniques, and is found to be generally similar among the species. Allometry is the strongest single source of cranidial shape variation within each species. The species share several trends in their respective patterns of ontogenetic shape change, but differ in the relative magnitude of these shared trends. Species-specific trends are also present. Each species follows a unique trajectory of ontogenetic shape change. The species exhibit subtle but significant differences in mean cranidial shape even at small size (sagittal length 1.75 mm); the magnitude of interspecific differences becomes larger at larger size (sagittal length 4.2 mm).For conspecific cranidia of a given size, the major pattern of covariance among anatomical parts is essentially identical to the pattern of covariance among those parts during ontogeny. Developmentally determined covariance patterns among cranidial regions might be responsible for ontogenetic shape change and a portion of non-allometric shape intraspecific variation. Interspecific differences in cranidial shape resulted from complex local modifications to growth pattern and cannot be attributed to simple ontogenetic scaling.The new collections permit the first description of non-cranidial sclerites ofC. walcotti.A cephalic median organ is documented onC. walcotti, representing the oldest known occurrence of this structure in trilobites.
Le suffixe adjectival –ble : Impacts sémantique et syntaxique de la dérivation
Authors: Schuwer Martine 
Published: March 2011

L’objectif de cette étude est de mesurer l’apport sémantique et l’impact syntaxique de la dérivation dans les adjectifs en -ble réputés syntaxiquement contraints, certains figurant obligatoirement en épithète, d’autres en attribut. On pose l’hypothèse que le comportement syntaxique différencié est lié à trois facteurs : au type de base suffixé, aux propriétés du référent que l’adjectif dérivé modifie ; enfin à la nature de la relation que le suffixe établit entre la base dérivante et le nom-support.
Administering GBrowse Sites with WebGBrowse
Authors: Podicheti Ram , Dong Qunfeng 
Published: March 2011

AbstractGBrowse is widely used by biologists to visualize genome annotation. We have developed WebGBrowse to facilitate hosting multiple GBrowse instances specific for different users on the same Web server. WebGBrowse automatically sets up each user‐specific GBrowse instance by extracting information from user‐supplied data to produce the appropriate configuration. This unit describes installation and administration of WebGBrowse for bioinformaticians who plan to manage local WebGBrowse servers in their institutions.Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 33:9.14.1‐9.14.9. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Next Generation Sequence Assembly with AMOS
Authors: Treangen Todd J. , Sommer Dan D. , Angly Florent E. , Koren Sergey , Pop Mihai 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA Modular Open‐Source Assembler (AMOS) was designed to offer a modular approach to genome assembly. AMOS includes a wide range of tools for assembly, including the lightweight de novo assemblers Minimus and Minimo, and Bambus 2, a robust scaffolder able to handle metagenomic and polymorphic data. This protocol describes how to configure and use AMOS for the assembly of Next Generation sequence data. Additionally, we provide three tutorial examples that include bacterial, viral, and metagenomic datasets with specific tips for improving assembly quality.Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 33:11.8.1‐11.8.18. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Halide removal from coal‐derived syngas: review and thermodynamic considerations
Authors: Dolan Michael D. , Ilyushechkin Alex Y. , McLennan Keith G. , Sharma Sunil D. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTHalide species are one of the most abundant and damaging impurities in syngas derived from coal. Aside from environmental concerns, halides can cause irreversible damage to downstream processes such as particulate filters, catalysts, gas separation membranes, fuel cells and turbines. The current trend towards high‐temperature, dry gas cleaning is making solid sorbents increasingly favourable, and sorbent development must take into consideration the chemical, physical, efficiency and economic aspects of sorbent performance. This article reviews the origins of halides in coals, cleaning requirements and efforts to develop solid sorbents for halide removal for gasification processes. Most research effort to date has concerned (1) the performance and optimization of basic sorbents such as calcium and sodium carbonate and (2) determining the tolerances of catalysts, filters, fuel cells and other plant components to halide impurities. In addition, thermodynamic calculations have been used to compare the performance of a large number of potential sorbents examined using criteria such as conversion, speciation, volatility and regenerability. This exercise confirms alkali and alkaline earth carbonates exhibit the greatest halide conversion at the temperatures demanded by various downstream processes, but these species are not regenerable at high temperatures in the same manner as desulfurization sorbents. Although not previously investigated, scope exists for the investigation of barium carbonate for halide sorption. Halide removal is best performed preceding sulfur removal due to the irreversible inhibition of regenerable desulfurization sorbents by halide species. Copyright © 2011 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dispensing patterns and pregnancy outcomes for women dispensed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy
Authors: Colvin Lyn , Slack‐Smith Linda , Stanley Fiona J. , Bower Carol 
Published: March 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) during pregnancy remains uncertain. The purpose of this study was to investigate dispensing patterns and pregnancy outcomes for women dispensed an SSRI in pregnancy.METHODSUsing data linkage of population‐based health datasets from Western Australia and a national pharmaceutical claims dataset, our study included 123,405 pregnancies from 2002 to 2005. There were 3764 children born to 3703 women who were dispensed an SSRI during their pregnancy.RESULTSA total of 42.3% of the women were dispensed an SSRI in each trimester, and 97.6% of the women used the same SSRI throughout the first trimester without switching. The women who were dispensed an SSRI were more likely to give birth prematurely (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–1.7), to have smoked during the pregnancy (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.8–2.1), and parity >1 (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.5–1.8). The singletons were found to have a lower birth weight than expected when other factors were taken into account (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1–1.3). There was an increased risk of major cardiovascular defects (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–2.3). The children of women dispensed citalopram during the first trimester had an increased risk of vesicoureteric reflux (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3–7.6). Children born to women dispensed sertraline had a higher mean birth weight than those born to women dispensed citalopram, paroxetine, or fluoxetine. This pattern was also seen in birth length.CONCLUSIONSMost women were dispensed the same SSRI throughout their pregnancy. We have confirmed previous findings with an increased risk of cardiovascular defects and preterm birth. New findings requiring confirmation include an increased risk of vesicoureteric reflux with the use of citalopram. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The development and validation of the guidelines for stalking assessment and management
Authors: Kropp P. Randall , Hart Stephen D. , Lyon David R. , Storey Jennifer E. 
Published: March 2011

AbstractInternational research has established that stalking is a prevalent problem with serious and often life‐threatening consequences for victims. Stalking is also a unique form of violence due to its nature and diversity, making it difficult for criminal justice and health professionals to establish which perpetrators and victims have the greatest need for services and protection. Risk assessment is one way to address these problems but few tools exist. This article describes the development of the Guidelines for Stalking Assessment and Management (SAM), the first risk assessment instrument designed specifically for the stalking situation. Preliminary data are presented, indicating that the SAM has promise for use by professionals working with stalkers and their victims. Results indicated that interrater reliabilities for the SAM risk factors and total scores range from fair to good, and the structural reliability of the SAM is sound. Moreover, the SAM showed good concurrent validity when compared with two other measures of violence propensity: the Psychopathy Checklist Screening Version (PCL:SV) and the Violence Risk Appraisal Guide (VRAG). Limitations of the study are discussed, especially those related to the difficulties inherent in file‐based research, and suggestions for future research are offered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Hierarchical Self‐Assembly of Surfactant‐Encapsulated and Organically Grafted Polyoxometalate Complexes
Authors: Wang Huanbing , Yan Yi , Li Bao , Bi Lihua , Wu Lixin 
Published: March 2011

AbstractA series of surfactant‐encapsulated and organically grafted polyoxometalates (SEOPs) were prepared through a co‐precipitation procedure. Through a rational selection of the molecular components in the structure of the complex, SEOP complexes self‐assemble into ordered aggregates with two different hierarchical self‐assembled structures in an organic solvent mixture of dichloromethane and methanol in different volume ratios. FTIR, 1H NMR, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to characterize the self‐assembly process and the involved driving forces. In a weakly polar solvent, SEOPs aggregated into fibers with a lamellar structure. When the solvent polarity was increased, SEOPs formed ribbonlike aggregates with a tetragonal structure. The change of the hierarchical self‐assembled structure was deduced in regard to the arrangement of alkyl chains, electrostatic interactions, and hydrogen bonding between the pyridyl groups and terminal oxygen atoms of the polyoxometalates. The ribbonlike aggregates exhibit birefringence due to the ordered arrangement of SEOPs in the microstructure.