bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preservation, development, and hatching of resting eggs in the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus pallas
Authors: Kanagasabapathi Velumani , Munuswamy Natesan 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe resting eggs of Brachionus calyciflorus produced under laboratory by manipulating various environmental conditions were subjected to preservation for long‐term storage. Preservation strategies included as storing freshly collected resting eggs, dry resting eggs, and storing at 4°C. Results showed that the resting eggs preserved by drying as they were able to maintain the viability without much variation in the hatchability. The scanning electron micrographs clearly depicted the surface damage as well as change in the shape and surface topography due to the storage. The resting eggs thus stored were traced for their normal embryonic development, during which as many as 11 stages were traced and time taken for each stage of development was observed. Microscopic observations revealed that the first four stages represented the development of embryo and thereafter around 16–18 h extrution of neonate from egg occurred. At 18–19 h of development the characteristic of anterior and posterior spines appeared in the neonate. Just released neonate, after 4–5 h of development reached adult stage. Overall the hatching and embryonic development of the resting eggs preserved by “drying” were normal and hence this method could be adopted for long‐term storage. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of photodynamic therapy using topical applied hexylaminolevulinate and methylaminolevulinate upon the integrity of cervical epithelium
Authors: Soergel Philipp , Loehr‐Schulz Regine , Hillemanns Marija , Landwehr Sandra , Makowski Lars , Hillemanns Peter 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveCervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is associated with genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and represents the precursor of cervical cancer. Established ablative treatment methods may cause substantial complications in following pregnancies including premature delivery and the birth of low‐weight babies. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of CIN using esters of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) represents a promising alternative. However, it has not been analyzed yet if the PDT itself leads to sustained damage of the cervical tissue. This study aims at evaluating the effect of hexylaminolevulinate (HAL) and methylaminolevulinate (MAL) PDT on cervical tissue.Study Design/Materials and MethodsTwenty‐five patients underwent 1–2 PDT cycles for CIN 1–3 applying topical HAL and MAL. Before and 6 months after PDT, biopsies were obtained from the cervix. Macroscopic changes of the cervix were evaluated. We assessed H&E slides for signs of sustained tissue damage. Furthermore, expression profiles of p16INK4a, Ki67, Bcl‐2, Bax, and CD31 were evaluated.ResultsPDT was performed satisfactory in all patients. No macroscopic changes of the cervix were encountered and histological evaluation revealed no signs of apoptosis, necrosis, irritation, vascular changes and fibroses 6 months after PDT. Ki67 and p16INK4a were useful for the prediction of response to PDT. Bcl‐2 and Bax showed no significant expression profile changes after PDT and the micro‐vessel pattern was not altered.ConclusionsHAL and MAL PDT do not leave any sustained damage in normal cervical tissue. This is of paramount importance as cervical insufficiency or stenosis may have implications on pregnancy and cervical cancer screening. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:784–790, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Laser photobiostimulation of wound healing: Defining a dose response for splinted wounds in diabetic mice
Authors: Chung Tzu‐Yun , Peplow Philip V. , Baxter G. David 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesWe have used a 660 nm, 80 mW laser diode in genetic diabetic mice to stimulate the healing of wounds covered with a Tegaderm HP dressing that causes a retardation of contraction (splinted wounds). The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of irradiating the wounds for different time intervals in order to determine a dose response relationship.Materials and MethodsA circular excisional wound was made on the left flank of diabetic mice using a 5‐mm skin punch, and covered with a Tegaderm HP dressing. Mice were allocated to four groups in which wounds were irradiated 660 nm, 80 mW for 0, 10, 20, or 40 seconds each day for 7 days. In total, 51 mice were used. Wounds were harvested on day 14 and the healing assessed from hematoxylin–eosin stained sections examined by light microscopy.ResultsThe wounds were splinted in 40 of the mice, and splinting caused a retardation of healing. The findings for the four treatments showed that irradiation for 20 second/day for 7 days brought about the greatest extent of healing. The wounds healed mainly by re‐epithelization and granulation tissue formation. This duration of irradiation represents an energy dose of 1.6 J per irradiation and, for an estimated area of irradiation of 32–43 mm2, corresponds to an energy density of 3.7–5.0 J/cm2.ConclusionIrradiation with 660 nm, 80 mW at an energy density of 3.7–5.0 J/cm2 each day for 7 days caused the maximal stimulation of healing in splinted wounds of diabetic mice. Lasers Surg. Med. 42:816–824, 2010 © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Exploring the electrocardiogram as a potential tool to screen for premotor Parkinson's disease
Authors: Valappil Ruksana Azhu , Black Jed E. , Broderick Meredith J. , Carrillo Oscar , Frenette Eric , Sullivan Shannon S. , Goldman Samuel M. , Tanner Caroline M. , Langston James W. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that patients with REM sleep behavior disorder, many of whom will develop Parkinson's disease (PD) or a related synucleinopathy, will demonstrate decreased heart rate variability (HRV) compared with a group of age‐matched controls as measured by an electrocardiogram during wakefulness. We compared HRV in 11 untreated idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder patients (9 men and 2 women; mean age, 63.3 years; SD, 7.5 years) and 11 control subjects with idiopathic insomnia without REM sleep behavior disorder (7 men and 4 women; mean age, 59.5 years; SD, 8.7 years). Subjects with other causes of reduced HRV were excluded. HRV was determined from 5‐minute presleep segments of a single channel electrocardiogram recorded during polysomnographic evaluations, using R‐R intervals during wakefulness. Time domain, geometric measures, and spectral analysis of the R‐R intervals were significantly different between cases and controls. A discriminant function analysis correctly classified 95.5% of subjects (overall model fit, P = 0.016). Leave‐one‐out cross‐validation correctly classified 77.3% of subjects. HRV during wakefulness is significantly decreased in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder compared with control subjects, suggesting abnormalities of both sympathetic and parasympathetic function. Patients with RBD may later develop motor and cognitive features of a Lewy body disorder, such as PD. Cardiac autonomic dysfunction is also impaired in PD, suggesting that impaired HRV may be an early sign of PD. HRV measured by routine electrocardiograms could be used to screen for Lewy body disorders such as PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Parkinson's Disease and pathological gambling: Results from a functional MRI study
Authors: Frosini Daniela , Pesaresi Ilaria , Cosottini Mirco , Belmonte Gina , Rossi Carlo , Dell'Osso Liliana , Murri Luigi , Bonuccelli Ubaldo , Ceravolo Roberto 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSeven patients with a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and pathological gambling (PG) and 7 PD patients without PG were investigated by functional MRI and a block‐design experiment with gambling‐related visual cues alternating with neutral stimuli and rest periods. Compared with PD/non‐PG, in PD/PG patients, several areas of increased cue‐related blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD)‐response were observed including bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, medial and superior frontal gyri, and precuneus, right inferior parietal lobule, and ventral striatum. The over activation of cingulate cortex and ventral striatum in PD/PG patients after the craving task is similar to that reported in addicted patients, whereas the activation of the parietal structures is probably related to the attentional network. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
Fatigue in Parkinson's disease: Prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Beiske Antoine G. , Loge Jon Håvard , Hjermstad Marianne J. , Svensson, PhD Elisabeth 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of fatigue in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and compare this to the general population. Factors associated with fatigue were investigated by linear regression. Fatigue was assessed by the fatigue questionnaire. The mean age of the 176 PD patients (41% women) was 69 years (range 35–90), and the mean UPDRSIII was 22.3 (SD 11.7). Fatigue levels (means) were significantly higher in PD patients compared with the general population; however, effect sizes were moderate for women for physical and total fatigue indicating clinically significant differences here only. Only female PD patients had more chronic fatigue than the general population. Fatigue was related to characteristics of PD but also to sleep disturbance, depression, and gender. This population‐based study demonstrates that fatigue is a common symptom in PD patients, but compared with the general population, clinically significant differences were only found for female PD patients. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.
ErbB family receptor inhibitors as therapeutic agents in breast cancer: Current status and future clinical perspective
Authors: Saxena Ruchi , Dwivedi Anila 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women and the second most common cause of female cancer‐related deaths, with more than one million new cases diagnosed per year throughout the world. With the recent advances in the knowledge of cellular processes and signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of breast cancer, the current focus of researchers and clinicians is to develop novel treatment strategies that can be included in the armamentarium against breast cancer. With the failure of endocrine‐targeted therapy and the development of resistance to existing chemotherapy, the most explored pathway as next generation target for breast cancer therapy has been the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (ErbB‐1)/herceptin‐2 (HER‐2) (ErbB‐2) pathway. This review focuses on the rationale for targeting members of ErbB receptor family and numerous agents that are in use for inhibiting the pathway. The mechanism of action, preclinical and clinical trial data of the agents that are in use for targeting the EGFR/HER‐2 pathway and the current status, thereof, have been discussed in detail. In addition, the future clinical trial promises these agents hold either as monotherapy or as combination therapy with conventional agents or with other antisignaling agents have been pondered, so as to provide better and more efficacious treatment strategies for breast cancer patients.   © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev 32:166‐215, 2012
The method of approximate particular solutions for solving certain partial differential equations
Authors: Chen C.S. , Fan C.M. , Wen P.H. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractA standard approach for solving linear partial differential equations is to split the solution into a homogeneous solution and a particular solution. Motivated by the method of fundamental solutions for solving homogeneous equations, we propose a similar approach using the method of approximate particular solutions for solving linear inhomogeneous differential equations without the need of finding the homogeneous solution. This leads to a much simpler numerical scheme with similar accuracy to the traditional approach. To demonstrate the simplicity of the new approach, three numerical examples are given with excellent results. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 28: 506–522, 2012
Numerical solutions of the Kawahara type equations using radial basis functions
Authors: Dereli Yilmaz , Dağ Idris 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis study is carried out to investigate the numerical solutions of the Kawahara, KdV‐Kawahara, and the modified Kawahara equations by using the meshless method based on collocation with radial basis functions. Results of the meshless method with different radial basis functions are presented for the travelling wave solution of the Kawahara type equations. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 28: 542–553, 2012
A homogeneous limit methodology and refinements of computationally efficient zigzag theory for homogeneous, laminated composite, and sandwich plates
Authors: Tessler Alexander , Di Sciuva Marco , Gherlone Marco 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe Refined Zigzag Theory (RZT) for homogeneous, laminated composite, and sandwich plates is revisited to offer a fresh insight into its fundamental assumptions and practical possibilities. The theory is introduced from a multiscale formalism starting with the inplane displacement field expressed as a superposition of coarse and fine contributions. The coarse displacement field is that of first‐order shear‐deformation theory, whereas the fine displacement field has a piecewise‐linear zigzag distribution through the thickness. The resulting kinematic field provides a more realistic representation of the deformation states of transverse‐shear‐flexible plates than other similar theories. The condition of limiting homogeneity of transverse‐shear properties is proposed and yields four distinct variants of zigzag functions. Analytic solutions for highly heterogeneous sandwich plates undergoing elastostatic deformations are used to identify the best‐performing zigzag functions. Unlike previously used methods, which often result in anomalous conditions and nonphysical solutions, the present theory does not rely on transverse‐shear‐stress equilibrium constraints. For all material systems, there are no requirements for use of transverse‐shear correction factors to yield accurate results. To model homogeneous plates with the full power of zigzag kinematics, infinitesimally small perturbations in the transverse shear properties are derived, thus enabling highly accurate predictions of homogeneous‐plate behavior without the use of shear correction factors. The RZT predictive capabilities to model highly heterogeneous sandwich plates are critically assessed, demonstrating its superior efficiency, accuracy, and a wide range of applicability. This theory, which is derived from the virtual work principle, is well‐suited for developing computationally efficient, C0 a continuous function of (x1,x2) coordinates whose first‐order derivatives are discontinuous along finite element interfaces and is thus appropriate for the analysis and design of high‐performance load‐bearing aerospace structures. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2010
Peristaltic motion of Phan‐Thien‐Tanner fluid in a planar channel
Authors: Hayat T. , Noreen S. , Ali N. , Abbasbanday S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractAn analysis describing the peristalsis of non‐Newtonian fluids in a symmetric channel is carried out. Two explicit forms of Phan‐Thien‐Tanner model are used in the flow description. Mathematical analysis is presented at small Reynolds number and large wavelength assumptions. The influence of emerging parameters is highlighted upon the pressure rise, frictional force, and shear stress. In addition, pumping phenomena is described. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 28: 737–748, 2012
MAPK pathway activation through BRAF gene fusion in pilocytic astrocytomas; a novel oncogenic fusion gene with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential
Authors: Jeuken Judith WM , Wesseling Pieter 
Published: October 2010

AbstractRecently, a new mechanism for activation of B‐RAF was identified resulting from a tandem duplication, generating a fusion protein with constitutive BRAF activity and thereby activating the MAPK pathway. Different fusion variants involving BRAF and KIAA1549 were demonstrated, present in 80% of pilocytic astrocytomas in children. As the KIAA1549–BRAF fusion gene is detected at a much lower frequency in diffuse low‐grade astrocytomas and survival was much longer than expected in the patients with a ‘non‐pilocytic’ astrocytoma carrying the fusion gene, identification of this fusion gene can be of diagnostic and prognostic value. In the near future, interference with the (fusion gene causing) activation of the MAPK signalling cascade may open new therapeutic avenues for children with pilocytic astrocytomas, as a first line of defence against tumour growth or in situations where the tumour has become refractory to other therapeutic modalities. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Invited Commentary for Forshew et al. Activation of the ERK/MAPK pathway: a signature genetic defect in posterior fossa pilocytic astrocytomas, J Pathol 2009; 218: 172–181.
Posterior fossa syndrome after posterior fossa surgery in children with brain tumors
Authors: Küpeli Serhan , Yalçın Bilgehan , Bilginer Burçak , Akalan Nejat , Haksal Pınar , Büyükpamukçu Münevver 
Published: October 2010

AbstractBackgroundPosterior fossa syndrome (PFS) is defined as the temporary and complete loss of speech after posterior fossa surgery. The goal of this study was to identify incidence and risk factors for PFS and to determine accompanying neurobehavioral and psychologic problems.ProcedureBetween May 2007 and April 2009, children with brain tumors having posterior fossa surgery were evaluated neurologically and psychologically in preoperative and postoperative period.ResultsPFS developed in 9 patients among 36 (25%) included in the study. Mutism continued for 120 days in one patient. Histopathological diagnosis (P = 0.05), location of the tumor (P = 0.05) and socioeconomic level of the family (P = 0.06) gave the significant results in relation with the PFS by univariate analyses. In multivariate analysis the risk of developing PFS was found 7.2 times higher in patients with medulloblastoma, 6.7 times higher in tumors located at the midline, 5.7 times higher in families with low socioecnomic level. Intelligence quotients of the patients in PFS and other group (P = 0.85) with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and the results of the Denver II Developmental Screening Test were not significant statistically (P = 0.5).ConclusionThe diagnosis of medulloblastoma, midline location of the tumor and low socioeconomic level of the families are important risk factors for the development of PFS. These findings support the hypothesis that temporary ischemia and edema due to retracted and manipulated dentate nuclei and superior cerebellar pedincles may be the cause of mutism. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2011;56:206–210. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pathological skeletal remains from ancient Egypt: the earliest case of diabetes mellitus?
Authors: Dupras TL , Williams LJ , Willems H , Peeters C 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThe diagnosis of diabetes mellitus from skeletal remains is very difficult given the complexity of the disease and the fact that there are no pathological skeletal characteristics exclusively associated with diabetes mellitus. Skeletal identification of diabetes mellitus may only be possible through differential diagnosis, when several pathological changes are present. Skeletal and dental changes associated with diabetes mellitus include Charcot's joint (neuropathic arthropathy), osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH, or Forestier's disease), adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder), dental caries, periodontal disease, and antemortem tooth loss.Skeletal remains of an adult male from the Egyptian archaeological site of Dayr al‐Barsha, dated to the Middle Kingdom (ca. 2055–1650 BC), display a myriad of pathological conditions that, when considered together, likely indicate diabetes mellitus, specifically type 2 diabetes mellitus.This diagnosis represents the earliest, and possibly the only recorded archaeological skeletal evidence for this disease. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons.
Thermoelectric properties of iodine doped pentacene thin films
Authors: Hayashi Kei , Shinano Takashi , Miyazaki Yuzuru , Kajitani Tsuyoshi 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe attempted the iodine doping on the pentacene thin film grown on the glass substrate, and measured thermo‐electric properties. The doped iodine formed polyiodine species in the film. Although the thermoelectric performance was relatively high among organic semiconductor thin films, it decreased through time due to the desorption of the polyiodine species from the film (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Vertical heterojunction field‐effect transistors utilizing re‐grown AlGaN/GaN two‐dimensional electron gas channels on GaN substrates
Authors: Yaegassi Seiji , Okada Masaya , Saitou Yuu , Yokoyama Mitsunori , Nakata Ken , Katayama Koji , Ueno Masaki , Kiyama Makoto , Katsuyama Tsukuru , Nakamura Takao 
Published: October 2010

AbstractVertical heterojunction field‐effect transistors (VHFETs) utilizing re‐grown AlGaN/GaN two‐dimensional electron gas (2DEG) channels on free‐standing GaN substrates have been developed. The VHFETs exhibited a specific on‐resistance (RonA) of 7.6 mΩcm2 at a threshold voltage (Vth) of ‐1.1 V and a breakdown voltage (VB) of 672 V. The breakdown voltage and the figure of merit (VB2/RonA) are the highest among those of the GaN‐based vertical transistors ever reported. It was demonstrated that the threshold voltage can be controlled by the thickness of AlGaN layers and Al concentration. A normally‐off operation was achieved with a 10‐nm‐thick Al0.2Ga0.8N layer. The possibility that VHFET with smaller current collapse phenomena than planar HEMT was revealed (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Surface mediated control of droplet density and morphology on GaAs and AlAs surfaces
Authors: Wu Jiang , Wang Zhiming M. , Li Alvason Z. , Li Shibin , Salamo Gregory J. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe present a comparative study of gallium (Ga) and aluminium (Al) droplets fabricated on GaAs (100) and AlAs (100) surfaces. Higher density of Ga droplets is achieved on AlAs surface compared with GaAs surface. Similarly, the density of Al nanostructures is higher on AlAs surface than on GaAs surface, even though different morphologies are obtained on each surface. Further, while uniform Ga droplets are formed on both GaAs and AlAs surfaces, Al rings and dots, with big inhomogeneity, are observed on GaAs and AlAs surface, respectively. This investigation suggests that size and shape of nanostructures grown by the droplet epitaxy method can be designed by employing different surfaces. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)