bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Italian guideline on comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) for the older persons: a collaborative work of 25 Italian Scientific Societies and the National Institute of Health
Authors: Pilotto Alberto , Aprile Pierangelo Lora , Veronese Nicola , Lacorte Eleonora , Morganti Wanda , Custodero Carlo , Piscopo Paola , Fabrizi Elisa , Gatta Francesco Della , Merlo Andrea , Vanacore Nicola 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
The guideline was promoted by the Italian General Practitioners-Primary Care and Geriatrics Hospital-Community Societies and was carried out involving the National Institute of Health and an Expert Panel including representatives from 25 Scientific and Health-Professional Organizations. The aim of the Guideline was to develop evidence-based recommendations on the efficacy of CGA in older people across different clinical settings and the accuracy and utility of CGA-based tools to assess prognosis.

Methods
According to the methodological handbook of the Italian National System of Guidelines and NICE criteria (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in England), the Guideline was produced based on the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Over 20,000 records gathered through databases searches were initially selected. Sixteen recommendations on CGA efficacy were defined based on 117 studies that met the inclusion criteria and were performed in general practices and primary care (26 studies included), medical and surgical clinics (16 studies), emergency departments (17 studies), hospital medical and surgical wards (53 studies), long-term care facilities and nursing homes (5 studies), hospices and palliative care networks (no studies). Nine recommendations on CGA-based prognostic tools were issues based on 42 included studies carried out in general practices and primary care (5 studies), medical and surgical clinics (4 studies), and hospital wards (33 studies).

Results
Using CGA can be useful to reduce hospitalization, mortality, institutionalization, the risk of delirium, and improve appropriateness in drug prescription and maintain functional activities in different settings. Further research on the efficacy of CGA in rehabilitative facilities, nursing homes, and hospice and palliative-care settings is recommended. CGA-based tools, particularly the Multidimensional Prognostic Index, should be used to predict some negative outcomes in different settings.

Conclusions
This Guideline may be useful in clinical practice and as a tool to support research on the use of CGA in older people.
Population state-driven surrogate-assisted differential evolution for expensive constrained optimization problems with mixed-integer variables
Authors: Liu Jiansheng , Yuan Bin , Yang Zan , Qiu Haobo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMany surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms (SAEAs) have been shown excellent search performance in solving expensive constrained optimization problems (ECOPs) with continuous variables, but few of them focus on ECOPs with mixed-integer variables (ECOPs-MI). Hence, a population state-driven surrogate-assisted differential evolution algorithm (PSSADE) is proposed for solving ECOPs-MI, in which the adaptive population update mechanism (APUM) and the collaborative framework of global and local surrogate-assisted search (CFGLS) are combined effectively. In CFGLS, a probability-driven mixed-integer mutation (PMIU) is incorporated into the classical global DE/rand/2 and local DE/best/2 for improving the diversity and potentials of candidate solutions, respectively, and the collaborative framework further integrates both the superiority of global and local mutation for the purpose of achieving a good balance between exploration and exploitation. Moreover, the current population is adaptively reselected based on the efficient non-dominated sorting technique in APUM when the population distribution is too dense. Empirical studies on 10 benchmark problems and 2 numerical engineering cases demonstrate that the PSSADE shows a more competitive performance than the existing state-of-the-art algorithms. More importantly, PSSADE provides excellent performance in the design of infrared stealth material film.
An intelligent MRI assisted diagnosis and treatment system for osteosarcoma based on super-resolution
Authors: Zhong Xu , Gou Fangfang , Wu Jia 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations are a routine part of the cancer treatment process. In developing countries, disease diagnosis is often time-consuming and associated with serious prognostic problems. Moreover, MRI is characterized by high noise and low resolution. This creates difficulties in automatic segmentation of the lesion region, leading to a decrease in the segmentation performance of the model. This paper proposes a deep convolutional neural network osteosarcoma image segmentation system based on noise reduction and super-resolution reconstruction, which is the first time to introduce super-resolution methods in the task of osteosarcoma MRI image segmentation, effectively improving the Model generalization performance. We first refined the initial osteosarcoma dataset using a Differential Activation Filter, separating those image data that had little effect on model training. At the same time, we carry out rough initial denoising of the image. Then, an improved information multi-distillation network based on adaptive cropping is proposed to reconstruct the original image and improve the resolution of the image. Finally, a high-resolution network is used to segment the image, and the segmentation boundary is optimized to provide a reference for doctors. Experimental results show that this algorithm has a stronger segmentation effect and anti-noise ability than existing methods. Code: https://github.com/GFF1228/NSRDN.
An Adaptive Estimation Approach for Integrating Real-World Operation Dynamics in Engine-Out NOx Emission Modeling of a Wheel Loader
Authors: Hong Beichuan , Burghout Wilco 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAccurately predicting engine-out nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions on-board is crucial for effective emission control in heavy-duty engines. Real-world engine operating conditions, especially in non-road applications with frequent dynamic changes, can significantly affect NOx emission characteristics. However, these engine emission characteristics are conventionally measured on steady-state or regulated driving cycles, which may not fully reflect the emission levels under real-world operational dynamics. This highlights the necessity of integrating engine performance during transient operation into the NOx prediction model to enhance the accuracy of on-board predictions. This paper introduces a novel data-driven model to predict engine-out NOx emissions during the construction activities of a wheel loader. This paper begins by addressing discrepancies between steady-state map predictions and on-board NOx measurements. To bridge these gaps, the model identifies engine transient operating conditions by analyzing the time derivatives of engine speed and torque. The model structure integrates steady-state and transient emission maps, with the transient map being iteratively refined using the Kalman filter principle, thereby improving its accuracy and robustness in response to engine dynamics. The proposed method maintains a model structure that is easily implemented and similar to conventional steady-state emission maps, while also enabling online self-learning for model parameter updates. Model validation shows that the model has high prediction accuracy and the ability to differentiate between steady-state and transient engine working conditions during construction activities.
Teacher Views of Relationships between their Teaching Practices and Beliefs, the School Context, and Student Achievement
Authors: Flint Annaline , Rubie-Davies Christine Margaret , Peterson Elizabeth 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTeachers hold many beliefs, shaped by their educational knowledge, experiences, and cultural, social, historical, and political environments. These teacher beliefs, together with teacher characteristics and school context factors can influence cognitive processes, expectations, instructional decisions, and practices which could affect learning experiences, student engagement, and achievement. Numerous studies have explored these factors, however, often separately or with only one or two others. This paper explores primary school teachers’ self-reported perceptions on the relationships between teacher beliefs (including teacher class level expectations, self-efficacy, motivation, goal orientation, work engagement, passion for teaching, relatedness to students), teacher characteristics (including gender, ethnicity, teacher experience), and school context factors (including decile and year level taught), and the impact of these on student achievement and teachers’ instructional practices.Associations were found between teaching self-efficacy and all the other factors explored; work engagement and teachers’ years of teaching experience, gender, and school decile; and years of teaching experience and student achievement. Further, relatedness to students, passion for teaching, and teaching self-efficacy was found to be associated with teachers’ instructional practices.
Looking for Optimal Maps of Soil Properties at the Regional Scale
Authors: Barrena-González Jesús , Lavado Contador Francisco , Repe Blâz , Pulido Fernández Manuel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAround 70% of surface in Extremadura, Spain, faces a critical risk of degradation processes, highlighting the necessity for regional-scale soil property mapping to monitor degradation trends. This study aimed to generate the most reliable soil property maps, employing the most accurate methods for each case. To achieve this, six different machine learning (ML) techniques were tested to map nine soil properties across three depth intervals (0–5, 5–10 and > 10 cm). Additionally, 22 environmental covariates were utilized as inputs for model performance. Results revealed that the Random Forest (RF) model exhibited the highest precision, followed by Cubist, while Support Vector Machine showed effectiveness with limited data availability. Moreover, the study highlighted the influence of sample size on model performance. Concerning environmental covariates, vegetation indices along with selected topographic indices proved optimal for explaining the spatial distribution of soil physical properties, whereas climatic variables emerged as crucial for mapping the spatial distribution of chemical properties and key nutrients at a regional scale. Despite providing an initial insight into the regional soil property distribution using ML, future work is warranted to ensure a robust, up-to-date, and equitable database for accurate monitoring of soil degradation processes arising from various land uses.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Sexual maturation inhibition using exemestane and tamoxifen in female olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceous)
Authors: Kim Ki-hyuk , Moon Hye-na , Yeo In-kyu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSex determination in some reptiles, amphibians, and fishes is influenced by environmental factors. Exemestane acts as an estrogen agonist non-steroid hormone. Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceous) is easily affected by water temperature or sex steroid hormone treatment during sex determination. Tamoxifen is widely used as a drug in human cancer therapy as an anti-estrogen agent (estrogen receptor antagonist). In this study, we intraperitoneally injected exemestane and tamoxifen, a pre-maturation sex hormone inhibitor, into the bodies of female olive flounder. In both cases, the expression of estrogen receptor mRNA and vitellogenin mRNA in the liver was almost identical. In the case of exemestane injection, intersex was confirmed histologically, but it was not confirmed in tamoxifen. Although these results suggest the possibility of the synthesis of estrogen by tamoxifen, the underlying mechanism has not yet been fully investigated. Hence, examinations are needed to confirm the direct involvement of tamoxifen.
Depictive Harm in Little Black Sambo? The Communicative Role of Comic Caricature
Authors: Gregg Mary 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In Helen Bannerman’s Little Black Sambo, the text describes its main character as witty, brave, and resourceful. The drawings of the story’s main character which accompany this text, however, present a unique kind of harm that only becomes clear when the work is read as a collection of single-panel comics rather than an illustrated book. In this chapter, I show what happens when we read drawings in books as textless comics, and, based on how things turn out from this reading, motivate why we have some substantive reason to read both Little Black Sambo and other books with drawings-as-comics.
Autonomy, Community, and the Justification of Public Reason
Authors: Andersson Emil 
Published: May 2024

AbstractRecently, there have been attempts at offering new justifications of the Rawlsian idea of public reason. Blain Neufeld has suggested that the ideal of political autonomy justifies public reason, while R.J. Leland and Han van Wietmarschen have sought to justify the idea by appealing to the value of political community. In this paper, I show that both proposals are vulnerable to a common problem. In realistic circumstances, they will often turn into reasons to oppose, rather than support, public reason. However, this counterintuitive result can be avoided if we conceive of autonomy and community differently.
Strict positivity of Kähler–Einstein currents
Authors: Guedj Vincent , Guenancia Henri , Zeriahi Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

AbstractKähler–Einstein currents, also known as singular Kähler–Einstein metrics, have been introduced and constructed a little over a decade ago. These currents live on mildly singular compact Kähler spacesXand their two defining properties are the following: They are genuine Kähler–Einstein metrics on$X_{\mathrm {reg}}$, and they admit local bounded potentials near the singularities ofX. In this note, we show that these currents dominate a Kähler form near the singular locus, when eitherXadmits a global smoothing, or whenXhas isolated smoothable singularities. Our results apply to klt pairs and allow us to show that ifXis any compact Kähler space of dimension three with log terminal singularities, then any singular Kähler–Einstein metric of nonpositive curvature dominates a Kähler form.
The impact of morningness–eveningness on depression through a serial mediation model of resilience and anxiety
Authors: Kang Suhyeon , Kim Huiyeong , Yu Hyeona , Lee Daseul , Lee Hyuk Joon , Ha Tae Hyon , Park Jungkyu , Myung Woojae , Kang Hyo Shin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjective:Resilience has been recently considered one of the possible mechanisms for the association between morningness–eveningness and depression. Meanwhile, anxiety is closely associated with mood disorder, but its association with morningness–eveningness is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the mediating effects of resilience and anxiety on morningness–eveningness and depression as the possible mechanisms.Methods:This study included patient group and nonpatient group. Patient group consists of 743 patients with mood disorders [Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), 233; Bipolar Disorder I (BDI), 113; Bipolar Disorder II (BDII), 397] whereas nonpatient group consists of 818 individuals without mood disorder. The Composite Scale of Morningness, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Self-Rating Depression Scale, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to evaluate morningness–eveningness, resilience, anxiety, and depression, respectively.Results:Our model provided a good fit for the data. The association between morningness–eveningness and depression symptoms was partially serially mediated by resilience and anxiety in both the patient and nonpatient groups. The patient group exhibited significantly stronger morningness–eveningness toward resilience and anxiety than the nonpatient group. In the indirect effect of morningness–eveningness on depression, group differences exist only through each mediation of resilience and anxiety, not through serial mediation.Conclusion:Our results expand on the mechanism underlying the association between morningness–eveningness and depression. They highlight the importance of morningness–eveningness modification to increase resilience and the need to consider anxiety jointly in this process.
Ben-Sarc: A self-annotated corpus for sarcasm detection from Bengali social media comments and its baseline evaluation
Authors: Lora Sanzana Karim , Shahariar G. M. , Nazmin Tamanna , Rahman Noor Nafeur , Rahman Rafsan , Bhuiyan Miyad , Shah Faisal Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractSarcasm detection research in the Bengali language so far can be considered to be narrow due to the unavailability of resources. In this paper, we introduce a large-scale self-annotated Bengali corpus for sarcasm detection research problem in the Bengali language named ‘Ben-Sarc’ containing 25,636 comments, manually collected from different public Facebook pages and evaluated by external evaluators. Then we present a complete strategy to utilize different models of traditional machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning to detect sarcasm from text using the Ben-Sarc corpus. Finally, we demonstrate a comparison between the performance of traditional machine learning, deep learning, and transfer learning models on our Ben-Sarc corpus. Transfer learning using Indic-Transformers Bengali Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers as a pre-trained source model has achieved the highest accuracy of 75.05%. The second-highest accuracy is obtained by the long short-term memory model with 72.48% and Multinomial Naive Bayes is acquired the third highest with 72.36% accuracy for deep learning and machine learning, respectively. The Ben-Sarc corpus is made publicly available in the hope of advancing the Bengali Natural Language Processing Community. The Ben-Sarc is available at https://github.com/sanzanalora/Ben-Sarc.
The Post-Communist Far Right and Its Transnational Linkages
Authors: Paulovičová Nina , Soroka George 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this special issue, our contributors move the academic conversation beyond methodological nationalism and approaches that analyze far-right movements only within their respective state contexts by interrogating the circulation of ideologies, funds, and people across sociopolitical boundaries. Our goal is to scrutinize the far right in post-communist Eastern Europe by examining the multitudinous and multidirectional ties that exist between groups at the local, regional, national, and transnational levels. Attention, moreover, is paid not just to those factors that facilitate such linkages, but also to the obstacles that hamper these flows via various detours, omissions, and other forms of resistance. In this introduction, we offer a theoretical overview and discussion of contributors’ findings to argue that conduits for the dissemination of far-right discursive frames are hardly unidirectional in nature. As a result, the transitological narratives of progress and regress typically invoked to explain the emergence of the far right offer only a partial understanding of how it mobilizes, builds alliances, and circulates ideas. We unpack the conceptual pitfalls and fallacies of transitological narratives and instead foreground the concept of multidirectionality, which opens up new avenues through which to understand how far-right groups mobilize and disseminate their narratives.
Violence, intimacy and veins of madness in a fraught border city
Authors: Hunt Nancy Rose , Batumike Eric , Cirhuza Elisée , Mugoli Alice , Mukungilwa Bienvenu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis article considers the intimate, the violent and the psychopathological in Bukavu, an eastern Congolese border city known for rape and war. A phenomenological focus pries open tensions in this ruinous, neoliberal ‘boom town’, frictions related to mental health, patterns of resort, and derangement. Ethnographic portraits from co-produced fieldnotes reveal family and street dynamics and a few adaptive, public figures of madness. Bukavu knows unhinged, delirious, psychotic people and PTSD infrastructures in this ‘trauma zone’. Patterns of psychosis go with ‘vivacity’, a Foucauldian word. The non-scientific term madness points to politics and the everyday, with many mad persons roaming the streets with performances. Intimacy enables rethinking this city, where ways of telling and knowing madness speak to agitation, kinship, strangeness and ordinary matters of sleep, dress and faecal matter.
Intimacy in a violent context: photographs from Mbouda (Cameroon) in a time of troubles
Authors: Zeitlyn David 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAll archives have silences, which may come to resonate, even if they may never speak. What is unsaid or unsayable may be understood and appreciated even if never enunciated and never heard. The photographs of the Cameroonian photographer Jacques Toussele from 1960 to 1980 were taken against a background of violence: the uprising of the Union des Populations du Cameroun (UPC), which started before Cameroonian independence and continued for the next decade. The fight against UPC ‘terrorists’ by the Cameroonian state and the French military was marked by violence on all sides. There is no evidence of this in the Toussele archive, which consists of administrative ID portraits and recreational shots depicting friends and family and various displays of intimacy. The Toussele photographic archive shows young people in Mbouda exhibiting the global tropes of modernity. Soon after independence in Ouest Cameroon, both the violence and the promises of 1960s modernity were challenges to traditional sociality. A local reading makes it clear that the violence was ever present in its absence and denial: to perform an event was no small achievement and, like the birth of a child, was to be celebrated and marked by photography. Intimacy was achieved against a background of violence and celebrated for this very reason.
Discrimination and social identity: interrogating the impact of local lingua francas on inclusion politics in public institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Alabi Ayodeji Ladipo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study is concerned with addressing discrimination in public spaces and interrogates the extent to which the social identity function of a local lingua franca impacted inclusion politics in leadership selections for public institutions in Africa. Guided by social identity and ethnolinguistic identity theories, selecting Ahmadu Bello University in Northern Nigeria as a case study, and using the qualitative research technique, this study found a three-level ethno-religious discriminatory categorization – Core Northerners, Peripheral Northerners and Non-Northerners – accommodated within the institution’s power hierarchy. Fluency in Hausa, the local lingua franca in Northern Nigeria, was the common factor. Although the language was not a requirement for appointment, it turned out to be the marker of social identity that positively impacted inclusion politics. With extensive linguistic acculturation, African nation states are better off investing in the propagation of the local lingua franca to address negative discrimination in public spaces.