bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Reactive Hyperplastic Lesions: Prevalence in Egypt and Proposal of Novel Classification System
Authors: Fathy Safa , Amer Hatem , Khaled Heba , Metwally Ahmed 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral reactive hyperplastic lesions (ORHLs) as well as their distribution in the oral cavity in the Egyptian population over the past 13 years. We also introduced a novel classification system for ORHLs that may help in standardized categorization and better understanding of the nature of these common oral lesions.
Methods
All the records of histopathologically diagnosed ORHLs over the past 13 years (2011 to 2023) were retrieved from the archives of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University. The extracted quantitative data was presented as frequencies and percentages of ORHLs. The proposed classification system has used 2 letters and 1 digit to describe ORHLs considering both the clinical appearance of the lesions as well as their characteristic histopathological patterns.
Results
ORHLs represented 33% of the total number of diagnosed cases in the tested period (2256/6858 cases). Among the examined types of ORHLs, irritational fibroma was the most encountered type (40%) followed by pyogenic granuloma (25%). Regarding anatomic location, gingiva was the most common site for ORHLs, where more than half of the cases (52%) were reported in it.
Conclusion
The present study clearly demonstrated the high prevalence of ORHLs as one of the most frequently encountered categories of oral pathology. This highlights the importance of the proposed standardized categorization and consistent description of these common oral lesions based on their clinical appearances and characteristic histopathological findings. This classification enhances the overall knowledge and understanding of ORHLs nature allowing effective communication among healthcare providers as well as accurate diagnosis, treatment planning, and research work.
Impact of natural antioxidant (silybin) on the thermal stability of Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene: A Thermogravimetric Study
Authors: Khattar Nidhi , Jagriti Jagriti , Kainth Shagun , Sharma Piyush , Ahlawat Vishal , Berar Urmila , Diwan Pawan K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The natural antioxidant (Silybin), with different concentrations, is introduced in Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) and impact on thermal stability is observed. For this, thermograms are recorded at 5 oC/min heating rate in temperature region 50–600 oC through Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) technique. The model fitting (Coats and Redfern) kinetic approach is adopted to determine activation energy of each recorded thermograms to identify optimum silybin concentration. UHMWPE, with optimum silybin concentration, are further subjected to three other heating rates (10, 15 and 20 oC) in the same temperature region. By employing deconvolution (bi-Gaussian asymmetric function) approach, two iso-conversional kinetic models (Starink (SR) and Friedman (FR)) are utilized to obtain activation energies of the deconvoluted peaks. Further, the reaction mechanism involved in thermal decomposition, changes in entropy\(\left(S\right)\), change in enthalpy \(\left(H\right)\) and change in Gibbs free energy \(\left(G\right)\) are determined.
Research on Mechanics and Acoustic Properties of Jute Fiber Composite Material
Authors: Wang Yuan , Du Tianqiang , Ma wenkai , Song Pengyu , Che Yiyu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

[Abstract]In this study, the loss of quality from the oxidative thermal decomposition of jute fiber was explored during the production of reinforced composite materials. Amino silicone oil was used to modify jute fiber, which was then subjected to thermogravimetric analysis. The modified fiber's thermal decomposition temperature was found to be 271°C, enhancing the composite's thermal stability. The study also investigated how different jute fiber content affected the mechanical and sound absorption properties of composite materials. Results showed that jute fiber composites had better mechanical properties than pure polypropylene materials, and the average sound absorption coefficient of jute polypropylene composites increased with fiber content. Adding jute fiber to polypropylene effectively improved the sound absorption and noise reduction performance of the material. The average sound absorption coefficient of the composite material at a mass content of 20wt% was 120% higher than that of the polypropylene matrix material.
Arthroscopically assisted repair of triangular fibrocartilage complex foveal tear using modified “double loop suture” – a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Zheng Wen , Zhao Ling Long , Yu Xue Jun , Li Peng , Xiang Sheng Tao , Cao Wen Liang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) plays an important role in the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ)stabilization, and is frequently torn. Especially when conservative treatment fails, surgical treatment is required.
Methods
Fourteen individuals with TFCC foveal tear and DRUJ instability were admitted to the department and treated with arthroscopic-assisted modified “double loop suture” transosseous repair between January 2021 and 2023. During the surgery, an osseous tunnel was established, and two nickel-based alloy loops and a polydioxanone II (PDS II) suture were used to achieve the anatomic repair of the tear. All patients received supervised rehabilitation exercises after surgery.
Results
The patients were followed up for an average of 15.3 months. The mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score, grip strength, and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score before surgery were 4.7 points, 17.3 kg, and 35.2 points, respectively, compared with 1.9 points, 20.7 kg, and 15.5 points at the final follow-up, with significant differences. The median Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE) score was 27.50 before surgery, which then decreased to 10.00 at the final follow-up, with significant differences. The mean flexion-extension range of the wrist and pronation-supination range of the forearm, respectively, increased from 111 degrees and 125 degrees before surgery to 116 degrees and 135 degrees at the final follow-upassessment. None of the assessed individuals exhibited DRUJ instability or developed surgery-related complications.
Conclusion
Arthroscopic-assisted modified “double loop suture” is a secure and efficient approachfor achieving anatomic repair of TFCC foveal tears, with satisfactory functional improvement and restoration of DRUJ stability.
A Predictive Screening Tool to Evaluate the Efficiency of Z/E Photoisomerizable Molecular Switches
Authors: Marazzi Marco , Garcia-Iriepa Cristina , Frutos Luis Manuel 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The evaluation of the Z/E photoisomerization efficiency is an essential task to design novel photoactive molecular devices based on this type of photoreactivity. In this study, a predictive tool to screen the photoinduced Z/E isomerization efficiency of molecular switches is presented, based on three key properties: i) structure of the ground state minimum, ii) nature of the electronic transition populating the optically bright state, and iii) the presence of crossings between the optically bright state and the one lower in energy. Our methodology allows to calculate these properties by few and computationally affordable calculations, enabling the computational screening of large sets of potential photoswitches. After presenting the formal aspects, the tool is applied to model systems of paradigmatic classes of photoswitches (retinal, green fluorescent protein, hemithioindigo, chiroptical, and stilbene compounds), including novel derivatives. A comparison with the available experimental data is performed to validate our approach.
Internalization or Polarization: Community-Level Associations of Shifts in White Americans’ Attitudes with Black Americans’ Attitudes
Authors: Kellogg Alexander , Laws Holly , Dasgupta Nilanjana , Reid Allecia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

We used over 1.4 million Project Implicit responses between 2008 and 2019 to examine whether living in communities where White Americans hold more negative attitudes toward Black individuals predicts internalization versus polarization among Black Americans (i.e., higher versus lower preference for White relative to Black individuals). We constructed two-year estimates of White and Black county-level implicit (automatic) and explicit (conscious, self-reported) preference for White relative to Black individuals. Results from multilevel autoregressive models were consistent with polarization. In a given county, when White residents’ implicit or explicit preference for Whites increased at one wave, Black residents’ implicit and explicit preference for Whites generally decreased at the subsequent wave. Indicators of structural racism inconsistently predicted outcomes, but negative associations between White and Black residents’ relative preference for Whites were robust to inclusion of indicators of structural racism. These results have important implications for Black Americans’ health and intergroup relations.
Impact of Sovereign Credit Downgrades on Stock Market Returns across Industries: Evidence from the JSE
Authors: Ndlovu Godfrey , Muir Lucien 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This paper examines the effects of sovereign credit downgrades on the JSE. Credit rating announcements are said to provide new private information about a country, which is tradeable, affecting investment decisions and feeding through to stock returns. Past studies focus on how downgrades affect the overall market, we take this a step further and evaluate how the effect of a particular downgrade differs across industries, using a short-horizon event study methodology. Our results suggest no statistically significant impact on the JSE as a whole. However, a closer analysis suggests the impact is not uniform across industries. Sovereign credit downgrades have a more adverse impact on cyclical industries such as the banking, technology and retail sectors, while other more defensive industries such as the consumer goods, consumer services and mining sectors reacted positively. The counteracting reactions may effectively cancel each other out on balance, making it seem as if there is no effect on the JSE when in fact there is.
Enhancing Radiological Emergency Response through Agent-Based Model Case 1: Effectiveness of staged Evacuation
Authors: Han Sungmin , Lim Joonseok , Hwang Minho , Heo Gyunyoung 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In the event of radiological emergencies, such as nuclear accidents, the speedy but well-ordering evacuation of residents in imperative to ensure their health and safety. Staged evacuation has been studied as a method to reduce evacuation time. However, a method is needed to confirm the effectiveness of staged evacuation with more realistic factors which are implementable in a simulation platform. This study evaluates the performance of staged evacuation with more realistic factors which are implementable in a simulation platform. The evacuation simulation was conducted using PRISM (Platform for Radiological Emergency Integrated Simulation Model), developed by Kyung Hee University and utilizing an Agent-Based Model. A city was modeled using GIS data for road networks, buildings, and administrative districts. The population distribution was made non-uniform based on building layout data, and evacuation areas were divided based on administrative districts for demonstrating purpose. The simulation varied the order of evacuation groups and the evacuation start time interval, comparing evacuation times and average speeds to evaluate each strategy. The results reached a few insights: (1) Certain staged evacuation strategies are effective in reducing evacuation times within the PAZ. (2) A staged evacuation strategy that prioritizes areas closest to the nuclear plant resulted in longer evacuation times compared to other evacuation sequences. (3) In certain evacuation sequences, increasing the intervals did not significantly impact the evacuation time. This implies that within the same evacuation sequence, it is possible to increase the evacuation speed without a substantial loss in evacuation time by extending the intervals.
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitor Tadalafil Reduces Resting Anal Opening Pressure in Healthy Women: a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Christoffersen Thea , Riis Troels , Sonne David P. , Klarskov Niels 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Existing first-line treatments for chronic anal fissures aim to reduce internal anal sphincter pressure and increase healing rates. However, availability and side effects challenge the use of these treatment strategies. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, known for their smooth muscle relaxant properties, have been proposed as alternative treatment candidates. This trial assessed the effect of the long-acting phosphodiesterase inhibitor, tadalafil, on anal opening pressure in healthy women.
Methods
Twenty-four healthy female volunteers participated in this randomized, placebo-controlled crossover trial. Participants were randomized to receive a single oral dose of 40 mg tadalafil or placebo at their first visit and the opposite treatment at their second visit. Two hours post-administration, coinciding with the time of peak plasma concentration for tadalafil, anal opening pressure was measured using anal acoustic reflectometry during rest and voluntary squeezes.
Results
Tadalafil reduced resting anal opening pressure with 12.9 (95% CI 5.0 to 20.9, p = 0.003) cmH2O compared with placebo. A minor, statistically insignificant reduction in pressure was observed during squeeze (5.7 95% CI − 6.0 to 17.3 cmH2O, p = 0.3). The most common adverse events were headaches, with 15 reports during tadalafil treatment and 3 with placebo.
Conclusion
Single-dose tadalafil moderately decreased resting anal opening pressure in healthy female volunteers, supporting its potential therapeutic role in managing chronic anal fissures. Further studies are needed to determine the dose-response relationship, therapeutic efficacy, and risk-benefit profile of tadalafil for this application.
Awareness and implementation of three high levels of conjoint management in patients with stroke by neurologists: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey from a tertiary general hospital in Southwest China
Authors: Pu Tianqiang , Zhong Xuemin , Liu Hong , Wu Wei , Liu Xin , Ye Qing , He Lanying , Li Changqing , Wang Jian , Liu Shugai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol are risk factors for stroke recurrence, referred to as the three highs, and their management in patients with cerebral infarction can reduce stroke recurrence and death. This study aimed to investigate the cognition and implementation of the three highs by neurologists in tertiary general hospitals in Southwest China.
Methods: A self-designed questionnaire was used by neurologists to evaluate the cognition and implementation of the three highs. A cross-sectional questionnaire was used to investigate tertiary hospitals in Southwest China.
Results: Compared with inpatient work, approximately 1/3 of the doctors could not always completely evaluate the three highs in outpatient work (P<0.001). The longer the doctors worked, the more they emphasized the importance of the three highs to patients and the more completely they evaluated the three highs. Doctors were more able to develop antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic regimens for patients with cerebral infarction according to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk stratification.
Conclusions: Although most neurologists involved in inpatient and outpatient work knew the importance of the three highs, approximately 1/3 of the outpatient doctors could not always completely evaluate the three highs. Some doctors failed to develop antihypertensive, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic regimens for patients with cerebral infarction according to ASCVD risk stratification, and professional training of doctors, especially young doctors, should be encouraged.
Content Based Video Retrieval using Deep Learning
Authors: Palanivelu Nitish , Jagdale Nishita , Dubey Nishith , Jagtap Bharati 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Content-based video retrieval (CBVR) is part of a search engine which is widely utilized in everyday life for retrieving relevant images/frames from given large datasets. Generally, the existing methods don't give the relevance and expected images as per the query images and also require more computational time. The CBVR systems depend on the feature representation and similarity measurements. In this project, a CBVR system is developed using deep learning models. The convolutional neural network (CNN) is used to extract features from an input image/frame, and then comparing those features with images in datasets to retrieve similar images/frames. The process involves three main phases namely feature extraction, feature comparison, and retrieval. In feature extraction, the CNN is trained on a dataset of images to learn to extract features that are relevant to the task at hand. In feature comparison, the features extracted from the input image are compared to the features of the images in the database using a similarity measure such as Euclidean distance. Finally, in the retrieval phase, the most similar images/frames from the datasets are returned as the results. The CBVR is carried out using a pre-trained deep learning model, such as VGG16 or ResNet, which is used to train over large image datasets and can extract useful features from new images. In this project, the retrieval of images are carried out and the performance is evaluated based on accuracy, precision, recall. Various CCN models are experimented to perform result analysis.
Keywords: Control based video retrieval, Deep learning, Convolutional Neural Network, Information Retrieval, Feature extraction, Inception V3, Feature selection
Factors influencing the quality of undergraduate students’ degree projects: from student and supervisor perspectives
Authors: Christidis Maria , Waters Petra , Ärlegård Linnéa , Säflund Zoe , Christidis Nikolaos 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background: Degree projects are part of most professional study programmes and correspond to professional and academic requirements. They are an essential part of students’ professional development and provides them with life-long learning strategies and abilities, which ensures the continuous development of their future profession. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate factors that influence the quality of student degree projects from a supervisor and student perspective.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews were performed with eight supervisors from the study programme in dentistry at Karolinska Institutet. These were transcribed, and while the first part was summarized and described, the second was analyzed thematically. Also, a questionnaire was completed by 45 students in the 7th and 9th semester of the study programme. Student responses from the questionnaire were summarized and described.
Results: The main findings indicate a convergence of expectations and perspectives between supervisors and students regarding the factors that influence the quality of the degree project. This encompasses the roles of the supervisor and student, the supervision structure, and the perception of academic requirements and quality. Both groups emphasize the importance of having realistic expectations, feasibility, and adherence to academic standards for a high-quality outcome. Effective supervision involves the supervisor being readily available, responsive to student inquiries, and aiding in time-management. Conversely, students are expected to demonstrate motivation, engagement, and a growing sense of autonomy throughout the project. Additionally, both agree that the project should be engaging, relevant to the supervisor's expertise and the student's interests, contribute to personal and academic growth, and ideally result in a publication.
Conclusions: Taken together, supervisors and students share grounds for the degree project work, which is an important condition for ensuring a qualitatively sound degree project. Sharing expectations and perspectives in the beginning and having a continuously open dialogue concerning this issue during the degree project work benefits a sustainable collaboration and ensures quality. To achieve this, supervisors need to choose students that are interested and motivated and a degree project that is in their area of expertise, feasible and structured. Supervisors also need to give students support with time-planning, and to be attentive for instance by responding swiftly to any student queries.
Effect of intravenous sedation on implant-therapy outcomes
Authors: Kaneko Yasuhide , Murakami Takahiro , Okada Atsushi , Kai Satoshi , Amari Yoshiyuki , Tsugawa Junichi , Tanaka Jyoji , Yamaguchi Hidenori 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Intravenous (IV) sedation (IVS) is useful for reducing patient anxiety and fear during dental implant placement. However, its effects on long-term postoperative implant outcomes remain largely unknown. This study investigated the effects of IVS on implant-therapy outcomes.
Methods
This study included patients who underwent implant placement with a minimum follow-up of 3 years after superstructure attachment, had no systemic disease, and no bone augmentation. Patients with a history of smoking were excluded. The medical records of 67 implants in 58 patients who underwent implant therapy with IV sedation ([IVS] group, 31 implants in 38 patients) and those without IV sedation (control group, 29 implants in 27 patients) till the time period between July 1, 2000, and May 31, 2023, were reviewed. Statistical analyses were performed for each endpoint to identify those with significant differences.
Results
The 3-year implant survival rate was 100% in both groups. The plaque-control records of the remaining teeth immediately before implant placement were significantly higher in the IVS group than in the control group, and bleeding on probing was significantly lower in the IVS group 3 years after superstructure attachment. The IVS group had a significantly higher number of patients with maintenance visits and additional implant placements than the control group.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that application of IVS for implant therapy improves patients’ willingness to receive dental prophylaxis.
Research on measurement and estimation method of wheel resistance on soil runway
Authors: Wang Zihan , Chong Xiaolei , Wang Guanhu , Liu Chaojia , Zhang Jichao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In view of the complexity of the calculation of tire running resistance during transport aircraft running on the soil surface, this paper presents two types of characterization methods of tire running resistance under the force state and the motion state based on the Bekker settlement model. Then a soil runway was established. According to the stress state of the tires, a simulated aircraft loading vehicle was used to test the running resistance of the wheels through mechanical sensors. According to the state of tire movement, position measuring equipment was selected and test software was developed, and the running resistance of tires was tested by changes in speed and distance of common vehicles. On this basis, the method of estimating wheel driving resistance based on vehicle test data is established, and the effectiveness of the estimation method is verified, and the estimation process is given. The results of this paper provide a new idea and method for estimating the running resistance of conveyors on soil pavement, and can also provide a reference for the design the of soil runway length.