bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sufficient and Necessary Conditions for Self-similar Motions of Three Point Vortices in Generalized Fluid Systems
Authors: Chen Jiahe , Liu Qihuai 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we obtain sufficient and necessary conditions for self-similar motions of three point vortices in generalized two-dimensional fluid systems by reducing of Hamiltonian and developing the theory of self-similar functions. The results are concise and clear, and the occurrence of both self-similar collapse and self-similar expansion only depend on the strengths of point vortices. We have provided an explicit and exact expression for each nontrivial self-similar solution. The application of theoretical results in the Surface-Quasi-Geostrophic system is consistent with previous known numerical results in the symmetric case. We also have found that, in some asymmetric cases, both self-similar collapse and self-similar expansion occur if and only if the strength of the third point vortex is within an open interval.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2020) 37N10 · 37J35 · 76B47
Early Obesity Counselling in Primary Care Setting Could Decrease Metabolic Diseases Are Diabetes and Hypertension Avoidable, if Stopping Early Weight Gain?
Authors: RURIK Imre 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Obesity management is a big challenge for health care providers. Primary care is the appropriate level, not only for the management but for the prevention and early recognition as well. Obesity develops gradually and needs attention in the early phase of weight gain. The main results of four Hungarian and international studies in primary care settings were summarized, seeking relationship between weight gain in younger life and development of metabolic diseases. Data of primary care patients were collected about the changes of their weight gain from 20y to the present. Source: medical files and self-reports. Early weight-gain between 20y and 30y means a serious risk for developing diabetes, between 30y and 40y for hypertension and even faster weight-gain could be a risk factor for both metabolic diseases. In females, significant weight gain around pregnancies and the menopause could increase the risk of these morbidities as well. Primary care service providers/family physicians/general practitioners ought to be not only an inactive observers, they have to give more focus on those of their patients who show conspicuous weigh gain in their younger decades, to explore the individual reasons and to initiate the appropriate intervention as early as possible.
Complex socio-technical transitions in fossil fuel country: considerations for direct air capture deployment in the U.S. Gulf Coast region
Authors: Scott-Buechler Celina , Wang Katherine , Fraser Catherine , Scott Charlotte 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

There is growing recognition of the need for just transitions to climate-aligned workforces in communities that have traditionally relied economically on high-emissions sectors like the fossil fuel industry. Direct air capture (DAC) has been proposed as an emergent industry that could help deliver just transitions for energy communities like those in the Gulf Coast region of the United States, where there has been recent private sector interest in DAC deployment. Through focus groups across three sites in the Gulf Coast region, we reveal a complex landscape shaped by the entrenched position of the fossil fuel industry and the need for careful navigation to avoid social and economic upheaval. Community perceptions underscore the dual nature of the fossil fuel industry: providing economic stability but also contributing to environmental and health challenges. DAC emerges as a potential solution, offering shared skill sets with the fossil fuel industry, yet participants express reservations about industry risks and historical lack of community engagement. The study emphasizes the importance of community involvement in decision-making, advocating for cooperative ownership models, community advisory boards, and transparent processes. Results from qualitative focus group discussions and quantitative surveys illustrate a shift in community support for DAC after informed discussions, highlighting the importance of socio-technical considerations over technological features alone.
Awareness of self-examination of lump in the breast among married women of Karachi
Authors: Ali Syed Rohan , Haider Aaila , Anees Muneeba , Shah Mahhoor , Khan Sawera , Athar Kainat , Anis Aisha , Hasan Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective: To assess the knowledge and enactment of breast self-examination and to appraise the repercussion with educational status of the participant.
Study Design: A cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi, Dr. Ruth K. M. Pfau Civil Hospital Karachi, Fauji Foundation Hospital (Somh) Karachi, Dar ul Sehat Hospital Karachi from March 2022 to October 2022.
Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on a sample size of 400 married females. The sample was taken through non probability purposive sampling. An informed verbal consent was taken from the females. A pilot study was conducted to assess the validity of questionnaire. A structured questionnaire was distributed which was filled. Data was analyzed using SPSS Version 22 with 95% confidence interval, margin oferror was taken as 5% and P-value 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A study was conducted to assess the awareness of self-examination of lump in the breast among married women of Karachi. Overall out of 400 women, 55.3% (p=0.000) had heard about breast self-examination but 84.0%(p=0.000) had no knowledge regarding the steps of self-examination. Similarly, 22.3%(p=0.001), 47.0%(p=0.003),36.5%(p=0.045) and 76.5%(p= 0.000) women had no knowledge that small lump in the breast, discharge from the nipple, unusual changes in the shape of the breast can lead to breast cancer and breastfeeding can reduce the risk for having breast cancer respectively. 88.3% (p=0.005) women believed that awareness campaigns regarding breast cancer should be initiated under government supervision and 30.3 %( p=0.000) believed that women should teach their daughters regarding self-examination of breast at the age of menarche.
Conclusion: This study suggests that women of Karachi have moderate level of knowledge regarding breast self examination. We believe that awareness programs should be engaging, encouraging with precedent pedagogic about common pathological conditions, clinical features, risk factors and relieving factors, screening methods to ensure early detection and reduction of mortality caused by breast cancer in females.
Comparative In vitro Assessment of Quality Control Parameters of Omeprazole Enteric-Coated Pellets in Capsules from Local Pharmacies in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Md Nazmus Sakib 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Backgrounds:
Omeprazole as enteric coated pellets in capsules form is used for the therapy of gastric and duodenal ulcer. This product is now manufacturing all over Bangladesh for the healthcare of gastric patient. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form through ensuring chemical test like assay, dissolution and impurity from 5 pharmaceutical companies from local pharmacies in Bangladesh.
Methods
The enumerated HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) methodology of British Pharmacopoeia followed for the metage of assay, impurity and dissolution of Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form.
Results
The assay, impurity and dissolution results of all brands of Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form met the specification limit specified in the British Pharmacopeia. Assay results from all brands were between 96.12% ± 1.24 to 101.12% ± 1.01. In case of product release, all the products are treated with pH 4.5 (phosphate buffer) for 45 minutes found from 1.41% ± 2.04 to 7.12% ± 1.24 and the same stressed product treated for pH 6.8 (phosphate buffer) for 45 minutes and found 84.02% ± 0.24 to 97.23% ± 0.84. Omeprazole Impurity C and D are the known identified impurity of Omeprazole Capsules. The content of Omeprazole impurity D was from 0.32% ± 0.21 to 0.12% ± 0.39 and total impurity found from 0.45% ± 0.11 to 0.28% ± 0.09. Omeprazole impurity C was not detected in sample solution. As the results, all the brands sample meet the specification limit of specified monograph so it can be concluded that in terms of quality, integrity and efficacy, pharmaceutical market manufacturing Omeprazole capsules in Bangladesh maintain the highest standard for providing appropriate therapy.
Conclusion
The results are found satisfactory for both the lower- and top-class pharmaceutical companies in Bangladesh also ensuring the high quality standard for Omeprazole Capsules. This report will help the drug control authority to gather information about the existing quality status of medicine for Omeprazole Capsules as enteric coated pellets form available in different pharmacies of Bangladesh.
Phytochemical profiling, anti-oxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic evaluation of Bergera koenigii seed extracts against Leukemic cancer
Authors: Govindswamy Balaji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Traditional herbs have always been pioneers in the development of new therapeutics. According to Ayurveda, India has always been a hub of many herbs and shrubs that possess numerous polyphenols and flavonoids with promising anticancer, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. The present study aimed to elucidate the anticancer activity of various methanol, ethanol and petroleum ether extracts of Bergera koenigii seeds against THP-1 cells. In addition to phytochemical analysis, total phenol and flavonoid content (TPC, TFC) and antioxidant assays were also performed to estimate the potential of the Bergera koenigii seeds. Among these, the methanolic extract of Bergera koenigii seeds inhibited leukemic THP-1 cells due to the presence of bioactive compounds such as hexadecanoic acid, octadecadienoic acid, octadecatrienoic acid, tricosanoic acid and γ-sitosterol, as revealed by GC‒MS analysis. According to the radical scavenging capacity, both hexadecanoic acid and octadecadienoic acid exhibited the highest anticancer activity, with IC50 values of 15±8.37 and 15±0.23 µg/ml, respectively. Additionally, the methanolic extract had a TPC of 959.97 mg/GAE and a TFC of 1443.20 mg/QE, and the antioxidant activity had an IC50 value of 369.09, Antibacterial activity with 10 ± 0.5 mmEscherichia coli, 8 ± 0.82 mm for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and15 ± 1.7 mm for Staphylococcus aureus. Thus, the above results indicate that the methanolic extracts of Bergera koenigii seeds are more promising drugs against leukemic THP-1 cell lines than are the chloroform and pet ether extracts.
Development of an empirical model for the prediction of the sound absorption coefficient for thin and low-density fibrous materials
Authors: Dunne Regan , Desai Dawood , Heyns Stephan 
Published: May 2024

Currently, FEA software such as ABAQUS uses empirical models to predict the sound absorption coefficient of poroelastic materials. However, based on a recent review of the literature it was found that the current sound absorption empirical models are inadequate for accurate prediction of thin (t < 20 mm), low-density materials (ρB < 50 kg/m3). Therefore, the predictions of the sound pressure levels in vehicle cabins, using such software, will be inaccurate since the trim materials are thin and have a low density. Thus, this research aimed to develop an empirical model that can accurately predict the sound absorption coefficient of these materials. Hence, polypropylene fibres consisting of four different diameters were manufactured and converted into nonwovens. Thereafter, airflow resistivity and impedance tube experimental testing were performed on the specimens. Subsequently, statistical analysis of the data was performed using SAS software. SAS was used to identify which independent variables should be included in the models to be developed. The empirical models were developed using the regression analysis toolbox in Microsoft Excel. Once the models were developed, various checks were performed to validate the assumptions of linear regression. The software NumXL was used to perform Cook’s distance tests. Thereafter, the models were validated against the validation dataset, where it was found that the developed exponential model performed best. Finally, the exponential model was compared to existing models using two data sets i.e. an internal dataset, and an external dataset derived from the literature. The developed model outperformed all the historic models on both datasets.
Assessment of urban underground spaces inundation during extreme rainfall events
Authors: Zhong Jiazhi , Li Dian , Jiang Ke 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT
As urbanization progresses and the impacts of climate change become more pronounced, urban flooding has emerged as a critical challenge for resilient cities, particularly concerning urban underground spaces where flooding can lead to significant loss of life and property. Drawing upon a comprehensive review of global research on underground space flood simulation and evacuation, this paper undertakes the modelling of inundation in a substantial underground area during the extraordinary rainfall event on 7 September 2023, in Shenzhen, China. Specifically, it introduces a two-step method to simulate the coupled surface-underground inundation process with high accuracy. The study simulates the inflow processes in three types of underground spaces: parking lots, metro stations, and underpasses. Utilizing the specific force per unit width evaluation, the research examines how varying flood barrier heights influence evacuation time and inundation risk. Subsequently, the paper proposes corresponding evacuation strategies based on the obtained findings. By highlighting the vulnerability of urban underground spaces to flooding, the study underscores the urgent need for further research in this domain.
Tools of Mobile Marketing of Today’s Business-Structures
Authors: Baurina S. B. 
Published: May 2024

The development of information technologies and use of mobile devices that help establish direct contacts at a distance became an integral part of people life and tools of conducting today’s business. These factors promote the development of mobile marketing, a new and promising trend of work, which is characterized by interactive contact with target audience beyond space limits. There are a lot of investigations and publications dealing with different aspects of mobile marketing, however the problem of tools of mobile marketing stirs high interest of academic community. The goal of the article is to research the role of technology and tools of mobile marketing in shaping key metrics of estimating efficiency of its elements. The author studied the totality of mobile marketing elements, characterized voice services of support, SMS, MMS, e-mail promotion, mobile applications, described stages of developing mobile applications, showed variants of mobile adverts in advertising and social networks, identified the role of mobile marketing in elaborating strategy of customer moving along the marketing funnel, until the target step interesting for the company is made, analyzed practice of using mobile marketing in restaurant business, found key competitive advantages, which are obtained by the organization by introducing events of mobile marketing, described groups of metrics for estimating mobile traffic in efficiency of mobile marketing elements in the enterprise functioning (cost, conversion nature of adverts, investment return, customer activity and involvement). Academic findings and conclusions of the research can be useful both for management of Russian companies in elaborating strategy of reaching competitive advantage on market and representatives of other professional communities interested in using tools of mobile marketing. Research methods combined comparative and systematic analysis, qualitative and quantitative approaches.
Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosome Regulates Intestinal Type 2 Immunity
Authors: Wu Jiajun , Yang Zhen , Wang Daoyuan , Xiao Yihui , Shao Jia , Ren Kaiqun 
Published: May 2024

Aims:
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal
stem cell-derived exosomes (hUCMSC-Exo) in regulating the intestinal type 2 immune
response for either protection or therapy.

Background:
hUCMSC-Exo was considered a novel cell-free therapeutic product that shows
promise in the treatment of various diseases. Type 2 immunity is a protective immune response
classified as T-helper type 2 (Th2) cells and is associated with helminthic infections and allergic
diseases. The effect of hUCMSC-Exo on intestinal type 2 immune response is not clear.

Method:
C57BL/6 mice were used to establish intestinal type 2 immune response by administering
of H.poly and treated with hUCMSC-Exo before or after H.poly infection. Intestinal organoids
were isolated and co-cultured with IL-4 and hUCMSC-Exo. Then, we monitored the influence of
hUCMSC-Exo on type 2 immune response by checking adult worms, the hyperplasia of tuft and
goblet cells.

Result:
hUCMSC-Exo significantly delays the colonization of H.poly in subserosal layer of duodenum
on day 7 post-infection and promotes the hyperplasia of tuft cells and goblet cells on day 14
post-infection. HUCMSC-Exo enhances the expansion of tuft cells in IL-4 treated intestinal
organoids, and promotes lytic cell death.

result:
Our experimental results revealed that hUCMSC-Exo significantly delays the colonization of H.poly in subserosal layer of duodenum on day 7 post infection, but promotes the hyperplasia of tuft cells and goblet cells on day 14 post infection, and hUCMSC-Exo enhances the expansion of tuft cells in IL-4 treated intestinal organoids, and promotes lytic cell death.

Conclusion:
Our study demonstrates hUCMSC-Exo may benefit the host by increasing the tolerance
at an early infection stage and then enhancing the intestinal type 2 immune response to impede
the helminth during Th2 priming. Our results show hUCMSC-Exo may be a positive regulator
of type 2 immune response, suggesting hUCMSC-Exo has a potential therapeutic effect on allergic
diseases.
Accessibility, Relevance, and Impact of a Symptom Monitoring Tool for Home Hospice Care: Theory Elaboration and Qualitative Assessment
Authors: Washington Karla T , Oliver Debra Parker , Donehower Allison K , White Patrick , Benson Jacquelyn J , Lyons Patrick G , Demiris George 
Published: May 2024

Background
Early users found Engagement and Visualization to Improve Symptoms in Oncology Care (ENVISION), a web-based application designed to improve home management of hospice patients’ symptoms and support patients’ and family caregivers’ well-being, to be generally useful and easy to use. However, they also raised concerns about potential challenges users with limited technological proficiency might experience.

Objective
We sought to concurrently accomplish two interrelated study aims: (1) to develop a conceptual framework of digital inclusivity for health information systems and (2) to apply the framework in evaluating the digital inclusivity of the ENVISION application.

Methods
We engaged ENVISION users (N=34) in a qualitative study in which data were collected via direct observation, think-aloud techniques, and responses to open-ended queries. Data were analyzed via theory elaboration and basic qualitative description.

Results
Accessibility, relevance, and impact were identified as 3 essential considerations in evaluating a health system’s digital inclusivity. Study findings generally supported ENVISION’s digital inclusivity, particularly concerning its perceived relevance to the work of family caregivers and hospice clinicians and its potentially positive impact on symptom management and quality of life. Limitations to ENVISION’s digital inclusivity centered around issues of accessibility, particularly operability among individuals with limited technological knowledge and skills.

Conclusions
The Accessibility, Relevance, and Impact conceptual framework of digital inclusivity for health information systems can help identify opportunities to strengthen the digital inclusivity of tools, such as ENVISION, intended for use by a broad and diverse range of users.
Inferring Population HIV Viral Load From a Single HIV Clinic’s Electronic Health Record: Simulation Study With a Real-World Example
Authors: Goldstein Neal D , Jones Justin , Kahal Deborah , Burstyn Igor 
Published: May 2024

Background
Population viral load (VL), the most comprehensive measure of the HIV transmission potential, cannot be directly measured due to lack of complete sampling of all people with HIV.

Objective
A given HIV clinic’s electronic health record (EHR), a biased sample of this population, may be used to attempt to impute this measure.

Methods
We simulated a population of 10,000 individuals with VL calibrated to surveillance data with a geometric mean of 4449 copies/mL. We sampled 3 hypothetical EHRs from (A) the source population, (B) those diagnosed, and (C) those retained in care. Our analysis imputed population VL from each EHR using sampling weights followed by Bayesian adjustment. These methods were then tested using EHR data from an HIV clinic in Delaware.

Results
Following weighting, the estimates moved in the direction of the population value with correspondingly wider 95% intervals as follows: clinic A: 4364 (95% interval 1963-11,132) copies/mL; clinic B: 4420 (95% interval 1913-10,199) copies/mL; and clinic C: 242 (95% interval 113-563) copies/mL. Bayesian-adjusted weighting further improved the estimate.

Conclusions
These findings suggest that methodological adjustments are ineffective for estimating population VL from a single clinic’s EHR without the resource-intensive elucidation of an informative prior.