bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MAGE‐A10 is a nuclear protein frequently expressed in high percentages of tumor cells in lung, skin and urothelial malignancies
Authors: Schultz‐Thater Elke , Piscuoglio Salvatore , Iezzi Giandomenica , Le Magnen Clémentine , Zajac Paul , Carafa Vincenza , Terracciano Luigi , Tornillo Luigi , Spagnoli Giulio C. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractMAGE‐A10 is a highly immunogenic member of the MAGE‐A family of cancer/testis tumor‐associated antigens (C/T TAAs). Studies performed with broadly reactive antibodies have helped to initially characterize this TAA. However, no specific reagents have been developed so far, thus preventing a thorough analysis of its expression in healthy and tumoral tissues. We have produced MAGE‐A10 gene product in soluble recombinant form, and we have used it to generate specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). One of these reagents, recognizing an epitope located at the COOH terminus of the MAGE‐A10 gene product, was used to stain a multitumor tissue microarray comprising more than 2,500 paraffin‐embedded specimens including healthy tissues, benign tumors and malignancies of different histological origin. MAGE‐A10 protein was identified as an intranuclear protein of an apparent molecular weight of 70 kDa, expressed in normal spermatogonia and spermatocytes but in no other healthy tissue. Most importantly, this C/T TAA appears to be expressed in high (>50%) percentages of cancer cells from a number of malignancies, including lung, skin and urothelial tumors. Unexpectedly, high expression of MAGE‐A10 TAA at the protein level was also detectable in gynecological malignancies and stomach and gall bladder cancers. The characterization of MAGE‐A10‐specific reagents might set the stage for the development of targeted active immunotherapy by clarifying potential indications and by allowing the selection of patients eligible for treatment and the monitoring of its effectiveness.
Direct visualization of repair of oxidative damage by OGG1 in the nuclei of live cells
Authors: Zielinska Agnieszka , Davies Owain T. , Meldrum Rosalind A. , Hodges Nikolas J. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractOxidative DNA damage caused by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely considered to be important in the pathology of a range of human diseases including cancer as well as in the aging process. A frequently occurring mutagenic base lesion produced by ROS is 8‐oxo deoxyguanine (8‐oxo dG) and the major enzyme for repair of 8‐oxo dG is 8‐oxoguanine‐DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). There is now substantial evidence from bulk biochemical studies that a common human polymorphic variant of OGG1 (Ser326Cys) is repair deficient, and this has been linked to individual risk of pathologies related to oxidative stress. In the current study, we have used the technique of multiphoton microscopy to induce highly localized oxidative DNA damage in discrete regions of the nucleus of live cells. Cells transfected with GFP‐tagged OGG1 proteins demonstrated rapid (<2 min) accumulation of OGG1 at sites of laser‐induced damage as indicated by accumulation of GFP‐fluorescence. This was followed by repair as evidenced by loss of the localized fluorescence over time. Quantification of the rate of repair confirmed that the Cys326 variant of OGG1 is repair deficient and that the initial repair rate of damage by Cys326 OGG1 was 3 to 4 fold slower than that observed for Ser326 OGG1. These values are in good agreement with kinetic data comparing the Ser326 and Cys326 proteins obtained by biochemical studies. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:1–7 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20346
Effects of the crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom on hepatic metabolism and oxidative stress
Authors: Silva Jonas Golart da , Soley Bruna da Silva , Gris Vanessa , Pires Amanda do Rocio Andrade , Caderia Silvia Maria Suter Correia , Eler Gabrielle Jackin , Hermoso Aparecida Pinto Munhos , Bracht Adelar , Dalsenter Paulo Roberto , Acco Alexandra 
Published: November 2010

AbstractSnake venoms present different action mechanisms because of their complex composition, represented mainly by toxins and enzymes. This work aimed to investigate the effects of the Crotalus durissus terrificus(Cdt) venom in the liver. Wistar rats were inoculated intraperitoneally with saline (control) or Cdt venom. After 3, 4, or 6 h, the following parameters were analyzed: (a) hepatic function, (b) oxidative stress parameters, and (c) the metabolism of alanine in the isolated perfused liver. Plasma activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase and hepatic glutathione S‐transferase and catalase presented significant elevation in rats inoculated with 300 μg ⋅ kg−1 Cdt venom. Liver lipoperoxidation was enormously increased by venom doses of 100, 200, and 300 μg ⋅kg−1, whereas glutathione S‐transferase was not changed. Perfused livers from rats inoculated with 1500 μg ⋅kg−1 venom showed increased production of lactate, pyruvate, and ammonia when alanine was the metabolic substrate. These results demonstrate that the Cdt venom can produce several changes in hepatocytes. The causes of the changes are possibly related to the disequilibrium in the redox homeostasis but also to specific needs of the poisoned organism, for example, an increased supply of lactate and pyruvate in response to an increased activity of the Cori cycle. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 25:195–203, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.20376
The differential impact of PDE4 subtypes in human lung fibroblasts on cytokine‐induced proliferation and myofibroblast conversion
Authors: Selige Jens , Hatzelmann Armin , Dunkern Torsten 
Published: November 2010

AbstractLung fibroblast proliferation and differentiation into myofibroblasts are pathological key events during development of lung fibrosis. Cyclic nucleotide signaling is described as a negative modulator of these cellular processes, and cyclic nucleotide degrading type 4 phosphodiesterases (PDE4) are important regulators of these pathways. In this study, we elucidated expression and the role of individual subtypes of PDE4 in primary normal human lung fibroblast (NHLF) in controlling cytokines‐induced proliferation and conversion to myofibroblasts by short‐interfering RNAs (siRNAs) induced knockdown. We verified the expression of PDE4A, B, and D, while PDE4C was only minor or even not expressed in NHLF. An efficient liposome‐mediated transfection method for mRNA silencing and a knockdown of the expressed PDE4 subtypes was achieved in these cells. This knockdown was further validated by PDE4 protein expression analysis and PDE4 activity measurements. Functionally, the knockdown of PDE4A and PDE4B inhibited proliferation induced by the cytokine combination of bFGF and IL‐1β, whereas knockdown of PDE4D was ineffective. In contrast, TGF‐β induced differentiation into myofibroblasts was affected by knockdown of PDE4B and PDE4D, but not by PDE4A knockdown. In summary, our data allow to assign different PDE4 subtypes to distinct functions of human lung fibroblasts and highlight the predominant role of PDE4B in controlling pathophysiological processes of human lung fibroblasts. This provides a scientific rationale for focused therapeutic targeting of PDE4B to treat respiratory diseases with fibrotic lesions in the lung. J. Cell. Physiol. 226: 1970–1980, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Analysis of reactive oxygen species in the guard cell of wheat stoma with confocal microscope
Authors: Liu Dongwu , Chen Zhiwei , Shi Peiguo , Wang Xue , Cai Weiwei 
Published: November 2010

AbstractRecently, the laser‐scanning confocal microscope has become a routine technique and indispensable tool for cell biological studies. Previous studies indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were generated in tobacco epidermal cells with confocal microscope. In the present studies, the probe 2′,7′‐dichlorof luorescein diacetate (H2DCF‐DA) was used to research the change of ROS in the guard cell of wheat stoma, and catalase (CAT) was used to demonstrate that ROS had been labeled. The laser‐scanning mode of confocal microscope was XYT, and the time interval between two sections was 1.6351 s. Sixty optical sections were acquired with the laser‐scanning confocal microscope, and CAT (60,000 U mg−1) was added after four optical sections were scanned. Furthermore, the region of interest (ROI) was circled and the fluorescence intensity of ROS was quantified with Leica Confocal Software. The quantitative data were exported and the trend chart was made with software Excell. The results indicated that ROS were produced intracellularly in stomatal guard cells, and the quantified fluorescence intensity of ROS was declined with CAT added. It is a good method to research the instantaneous change of ROS in plant cells with confocal microscope and fluorescence probe H2DCF‐DA. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A morphological study of the vertebral venous plexus and its connections in the Cape dune mole‐rat, Bathyergus suillus (Bathyergidae)
Authors: Kotzé S.H. , Boonzaier J. , Vorster W. , Hoogland P.V.J.M. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractBathyergus suillus are subterranean rodents found in the Western Cape of South Africa, where they inhabit sandy, humid burrows. Vertebral venous plexuses around the vertebral column have been implicated in aiding the maintenance of a constant central nervous system temperature via its connections with muscles and interscapular brown adipose tissue. The morphology of the vertebral venous plexuses and its connections in B.suillus were investigated. Frozen (n = 10) animals were defrosted; the venous system injected with latex and the vertebral venous plexuses, azygos‐ and intercostal veins dissected along the dorsal and ventral aspects of the vertebral column. Specimens (n = 4) were used for histological serial cross sections of the thoracic vertebrae. Veins drained from the interscapular brown adipose tissue to the external vertebral venous plexus, via a dorsal vein at the spinous process of T2 which might represent the “vein of Sulzer” described in rats. The intercostal veins cranial to the level of T8 drained directly into the ventral external vertebral venous plexus instead of into the azygos vein as seen in rats. The azygos vein was situated ventrally on the thoracic vertebral bodies in the median plane as opposed to most rodents that have a left sided azygos vein. The internal vertebral venous plexus consisted of two ventrolateraly placed longitudinal veins in the spinal epidural space. Veins from the forelimbs entered the internal vertebral venous plexus directly at the levels of C7 and T1 and have not been described in other rodents. Serial histological sections, revealed no regulatory valves in vessels leading toward the internal vertebral venous plexus, allowing blood to presumably move in both directions within the vertebral venous plexus. The vertebral venous plexus of B. suillus shows similarities to that of the rat but the vessels from the forelimbs draining directly into to the internal vertebral venous plexus and the position of the azygos vein and the intercostal veins draining into the external vertebral venous plexus are notable exceptions. J. Morphol., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antibody‐mediated sialidase activity in blood serum of patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Bilyy Rostyslav , Tomin Andriy , Mahorivska Iryna , Shalay Olga , Lohinskyy Volodymyr , Stoika Rostyslav , Kit Yuriy 
Published: November 2010

AbstractCell surface sialylation is known to be tightly connected with tumorigenicity, invasiveness, metastatic potential, clearance of aged cells, while the sialylation of IgG molecules determines their anti‐inflammatory properties. Four sialidases – hydrolytic enzymes responsible for cleavage of sialic residues – were described in different cellular compartments. However, sialidases activity in body fluids, and specifically in blood serum, remains poorly studied. Here, we characterize first known IgG antibodies possessing sialidase‐like activity in blood serum of multiple myeloma (MM) patients.Ig fractions were precipitated with ammonium sulfate (50% of saturation) from blood serum of 12 healthy donors and 14 MM patients, and screened for the presence of sialidase activity by using 4‐MUNA (2′‐(4‐methylumbelliferyl)‐α‐D‐N‐acetylneuraminic acid) as substrate. High level of sialidase activity was detected in the MM patients, but not in healthy donors. Subsequent antibody purification by protein‐G affinity chromatography and HPLC size exclusion chromatography at acidic conditions demonstrated that sialidase activity was attributable to IgG molecules. Sialidase activity was also specific for (Fab)2 fragment of IgG and blocked by sialidase inhibitor DANA. Sialidase activity of IgG molecule was also confirmed by in gel assay for cleavage of sialidase substrate. Kinetic parameters of the catalysis reaction were described by Michaelis–Menten equation with Km = 44.4–108 µM and kcat = 2.7–23.1 min−1. The action of IgG possessing sialidase‐like activity towards human red blood cells resulted in a subsequent increase in their agglutination by the peanut agglutinin, that confirms their desialylation by the studied IgG. This is the first demonstration of the intrinsic sialidase activity of IgG isolated from blood serum of MM patients. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Binding dynamics and energetic insight into the molecular forces driving nucleotide binding by guanylate kinase
Authors: Kandeel Mahmoud , Kitade Yukio 
Published: November 2010

AbstractPlasmodium deoxyguanylate pathways are an attractive area of investigation for future metabolic and drug discovery studies due to their unique substrate specificities. We investigated the energetic contribution to guanylate kinase substrate binding and the forces underlying ligand recognition. In the range from 20 to 35°C, the thermodynamic profiles displayed marked decrease in binding enthalpy, while the free energy of binding showed little changes. GMP produced a large binding heat capacity change of −356 cal mol−1 K−1, indicating considerable conformational changes upon ligand binding. Interestingly, the calculated ΔCp was −32 cal mol−1 K−1, indicating that the accessible surface area is not the central change in substrate binding, and that other entropic forces, including conformational changes, are more predominant. The thermodynamic signature for GMP is inconsistent with rigid‐body association, while dGMP showed more or less rigid‐body association. These binding profiles explain the poor catalytic efficiency and low affinity for dGMP compared with GMP. At low temperature, the ligands bind to the receptor site under the effect of hydrophobic forces. Interestingly, by increasing the temperature, the entropic forces gradually vanish and proceed to a nonfavorable contribution, and the interaction occurs mainly through bonding, electrostatic forces, and van der Waals interactions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fully automated determination of N‐nitrosamines in environmental waters by headspace solid‐phase microextraction followed by GC–MS–MS
Authors: Llop Anna , Borrull Francesc , Pocurull Eva 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA fully automated method for determining nine Environmental Protection Agency N‐nitrosamines in several types of environmental waters at ng/L levels is presented. The method is based on a headspace solid‐phase microextraction followed by GC–MS–MS using chemical ionization. Three different fibers (carboxen/PDMS, divinylbenzene/carboxen/PDMS, and PEG) were tested. Solid‐phase microextraction conditions were best when a divinylbenzene/carboxen/PDMS fiber was exposed for 60 min in the headspace of 10 mL water samples at pH 7 containing 360 g/L of NaCl, at 45°C. All compounds were analyzed by GC–MS–MS within 18 min. The method was validated using effluent from an urban wastewater treatment plant and the LODs ranged from 1 to 5 ng/L. The method was then applied to determine the N‐nitrosamines in samples of different complexities, such as tap water and several influent and effluent wastewater samples from urban and industrial wastewater treatment plants and a potable water treatment plant. Although the analysis of influent industrial wastewater revealed high concentrations of some compounds (N‐nitrosomorpholine and N‐nitrosodimethylamine at μg/L levels), in industrial effluents and other samples, the concentrations were substantially lower (ng/L levels). The new method is suitable for the simple and reliable determination of N‐nitrosamines in highly complex water samples in a completely automated procedure.
A simple and reliable stir bar sorptive extraction‐liquid chromatography procedure for the determination of chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine in human serum using experimental design methodology
Authors: Bazhdanzadeh Shaghayegh , Talebpour Zahra , Adib Noushin , Aboul‐Enein Hassan Y. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractA sensitive and reproducible stir bar sorptive extraction and HPLC‐UV detection method was used for the therapeutic drug monitoring of chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine in human serum. The separation was achieved using a C18 column. The mobile phase consisted of methanol/sodium acetate buffer (pH 4.1; 0.1 M) (95:5, v/v) including 0.5% triethylamine. This miniaturized method can result in faster analysis, lower solvent consumption and less workload per sample while maintaining or even improving sensitivity. In the second part, stir bar sorptive extraction/HPLC‐UV method was optimized by a chemometrics approach. An experimental design was therefore used to evaluate the statistically influential and/or interacting factors, among those described in the literature, and to find the best extraction and desorption conditions. Optimal sample volume of 1 mL, extraction time of 24 min at 31°C with pH 8.1 were obtained in a screening 25 half fractional factorial design followed by a Box–Behnken design. For the desorption conditions, a Box–Behnken design showed that the best conditions were 150 μL mobile phase for 20 min at 50°C. The optimized method was repeatable (CV<10%, linear (LOQ‐500 ng/mL)), with the LOQs equal to 0.7 and 1.5 ng/mL for chlorpromazine and trifluoperazine, respectively.
Robotic‐assisted transoral removal of a submandibular megalith
Authors: Walvekar Rohan R. , Tyler Patrick D. , Tammareddi Neelima , Peters Geoffrey 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThe majority of salivary stones are less than 8 mm in size and most frequently occur in the submandibular gland. Traditional management of larger stones involves gland resection. Sialendoscopy combined with an external or a transoral sialolithotomy, also called the combined approach technique, permits stone removal and gland preservation. A 31‐year‐old male presented to our service with a 20‐mm megalith in the left submandibular gland. Here we report the first description of a combined approach using the da Vinci Si Surgical System to facilitate transoral stone removal and salivary duct repair. Laryngoscope, 2011
Epidural analgesia provides better pain management after live liver donation
Authors: Clarke Hance , Chandy Tony , Srinivas Coimbatore , Ladak Salima , Okubo Nobuhiko , Mitsakakis Nicholas , Holtzman Susan , Grant David , McCluskey Stuart A. , Katz Joel 
Published: November 2010

Abstract

Despite the increase in surgical volumes of live liver donation, there has been very little documentation of the postoperative pain experience. The primary aim of this study was to examine the difference in acute postoperative pain intensity and adverse effects between patients who received intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) or patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) for pain control after live liver donation surgery. A retrospective chart review was performed of 226 consecutive patients who underwent right living donor hepatic surgery at the Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Patients who received as their primary postoperative analgesic modality IV PCA (n = 158) were compared to patients who received PCEA (n = 68). Demographic profiles for the 2 groups were similar with respect to age, sex, and body mass index at the time of surgery. For the first 3 postoperative days, pain intensity was significantly lower in patients who received epidural analgesia (P < 0.01). Clinically significant moderate pain (defined as a Numeric Rating Scale pain score >4) was reported more frequently in the IV PCA group (P < 0.05) along with increased sedation (P < 0.05). Pruritus was reported more frequently in the PCEA group of patients compared to the IV PCA group (P < 0.05). Significant between-group differences were not found for the incidence of postoperative vomiting, the time at which patients began fluid intake, the time to initial ambulation, or the length of hospital stay. In conclusion, epidural analgesia provides better postoperative pain relief, less sedation, but more pruritus than IV PCA after live liver donation. Liver Transpl, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Flow‐Induced Polymer Degradation During Ink‐Jet Printing
Authors: A‐Alamry Khalid , Nixon Keith , Hindley Rachel , Odel Jeffrey A. , Yeates Stephen G. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractWe report for the first time evidence of flow‐induced polymer degradation during inkjet printing for both poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS) in good solvent. This has significance for the deposition of functional and biological materials. Polymers having $\overline {M} _{{\rm w}} $ either less than 100 kDa or greater than approximately 1 000 kDa show no evidence of molecular weight degradation. The lower boundary condition is a consequence of low Deborah Number De imposed by the printhead geometry and the upper boundary condition due to visco‐elastic damping. For intermediate molecular weights the effect is greatest at high elongational strain rate and low solution concentration with higher polydispersity polymers being most sensitive to molecular weight degradation. For low polydispersity samples, PDi ≤ 1.3, chain breakage is essentially centro‐symmetric induced either by turbulance or overstretching when the strain rate increases well beyond a critical value, that is the stretching rate is high enough to exceed the rate of relaxation. For higher polydispersity samples chain breakage is consistent with almost random scission along the chain, inferring that the forces required to break the chain are additionally transmitted either by valence bonds, i.e. network chains and junctions or discrete entanglements rather than solely by hydrodynamic interaction.
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The effect of drug treatment on neurogenesis in Parkinson's disease
Authors: O'Sullivan Sean S. , Johnson Mary , Williams David R. , Revesz Tamas , Holton Janice L. , Lees Andrew J. , Perry Elaine K. 
Published: November 2010

AbstractThere has been recent interest in the possibility that impaired neurogenesis may contribute to the decline in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). We have investigated the effects of commonly used treatments for PD on neural stem cell (NSC) activity in nondemented patients. Postmortem of brain tissue containing the subventricular zone (SVZ) and ependymal layer cells was obtained from 32 nondemented patients with PD. NSC activity was assessed by immunohistochemical staining for RNA‐binding protein Musashi1. Regression analyses were then used to identify which clinical factors independently influenced NSC activity. Disease duration was negatively associated with SVZ Musashi1 staining, whereas lifetime levodopa was positively associated in this region. Our findings suggest a positive impact of chronic L‐dopa use on the number of NSC in the SVZ of PD patients, which may have relevance for future studies on neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society.