bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Casitas B lymphoma mutations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Nicholson Lindsay , Knight Thomas , Matheson Elizabeth , Minto Lynne , Case Marian , Sanichar Maryna , Bomken Simon , Vormoor Josef , Hall Andy , Irving Julie 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCasitas B‐lineage lymphoma (CBL) proteins are RING finger ubiquitin E3 ligases that attenuate the signaling of receptor tyrosine kinases and are mutated in a number of myeloid disorders. In this study, mutational screening of the linker‐RING domains of CBL and CBLB was performed by denaturing high performance liquid chromatography in a cohort of diagnostic (n = 180) or relapse (n = 46) samples from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Somatic mutations were identified in three children, giving an overall incidence of 1.7% and involved small deletions affecting the intron/exon boundaries of exon 8, leading to skipping of exon 8 and abolishing E3 ligase function. Mutated primary samples were associated with constitutive activation of the RAS pathway and sensitivity to MEK inhibitors was shown. Thus, mutation of CBL is an alternative route to activate the RAS pathway and may identify children who are candidates for MEK inhibitor clinical trials. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis and reactivity of alkoxy(trimethylsiloxy)phosphines and their derivatives
Authors: Prishchenko Andrey A. , Livantsov Mikhail V. , Novikova Olga P. , Livantsova Ludmila I. , Petrosyan Valery S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractConvenient procedures for the synthesis of new alkoxy(trimethylsiloxy)phosphines and their derivatives starting from the available alkyl hypophosphites and N‐trimethylsilyl succinimide are proposed. Some properties of these new phosphines such as nucleophilic substitution of the trimethylsiloxy group at trivalent phosphorus, the Arbuzov reaction, and addition of PH and POSi fragments to multiple carbon–carbon bonds are presented. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 23:138–145, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/hc.20762
γ‐Butyrolactone‐processable high‐modulus poly(ester imide)s
Authors: Hasegawa Masatoshi , Tanaka Yuma , Tominaga Azumi 
Published: November 2011

Abstractγ‐Butyrolactone (GBL)‐processable high modulus heat‐resistant materials were developed in this work. The polyaddition of an ester‐containing tetracarboxylic dianhydride, i.e. hydroquinone bis(trimellitate anhydride) (TAHQ), and 2,2′‐bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (TFMB) in GBL resulted in gelation in the initial reaction stage. The incorporation of a methyl group to TAHQ (M‐TAHQ) allowed polymerization with TFMB in GBL and led to a homogeneous poly(ester imide) (PEsI) precursor solution with a short pot life of 3 days, whereas a simple copolymerization approach using bulky/flexible comonomers to TAHQ/TFMB was less effective. PEsI precursors (PEsAAs) were prepared from TFMB, M‐TAHQ and a minor fraction of 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) or a fluorene‐containing tetracarboxylic dianhydride. These PEsAA systems showed drastically improved GBL solution stability. In particular, the M‐TAHQ(80);6FDA(20)/TFMB copolymer system provided a PEsAA film with a very high light transmittance at 365 nm (>70%). A photosensitive film composed of this matrix resin and diazonaphthoquinone provided a clear positive‐tone pattern by development in a 2.38 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution at room temperature with a high dissolution contrast. The thermally cured PEsI film achieved a very high tensile modulus (>5 GPa) as the present target with other desirable properties, i.e. sufficient film flexibility, a relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion, a high Tg and low water absorption. The present materials can be promising candidates as novel buffer coat films in semiconductor applications. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation, characterization and thermal properties of tetramethylbisphenol F epoxy resin and mixed systems
Authors: Liu Zhongguo , Zhang Gang , Sun Hongcheng , Jiang Hao , Zhao Chengji , Xu Dan , Li Hongtao , Sun Xingwu , Na Hui 
Published: November 2011

AbstractTetramethylbisphenol F epoxy resin (TMBPFE) was successfully synthesized based on tetramethylbisphenol F (TMBPF) and epichlorohydrin with tetrabutylammonium bromide as the catalyst. The structure of TMBPFE was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and elemental analysis. Then, a mixed system composed of TMBPFE and 4,4′‐diglycidyl (3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbiphenyl) epoxy (TMBP) was prepared by a melting method, i.e. without any solvent. Both the TMBPFE and the mixed system were cured using 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) as the curing agent. The thermal properties of TMBPFE and the mixed system were studied using differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the TMBP mixed in the TMBPFE matrix had little effect on the thermal properties of TMBPFE. However, the glass transition temperature improved markedly with increasing content of TMBP. Moreover, the TGA results showed that the degradation characteristics of TMBPFE resins did not seriously decrease when TMBP was incorporated into the TMBPFE matrix, although there are large steric hindrance biphenyl groups in TMBP. Both TMBPFE and the TMBPFE/TMBP system have potential applications in electrical and electronic fields. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis and herbicidal activities of novel 3‐(substituted benzyloxy or phenoxy)‐6‐methyl‐4‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridazine derivatives
Authors: Xu Han , Zhu You‐Quan , Zou Xiao‐Mao , Liu Bin , Wang Yong , Hu Fang‐Zhong , Yang Hua‐Zheng 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: 4‐(3‐Trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridazine represents a new series of compounds with bleaching and herbicidal activities.RESULTS: A total of 43 novel 3‐(substituted benzyloxy or phenoxy)‐6‐methyl‐4‐(3‐trifluoromethylphenyl)pyridazine derivatives were synthesised, and their bleaching and herbicidal activities were evaluated through Spirodela polyrrhiza and greenhouse tests. Some compounds exhibited excellent herbicidal activities, even at a dose of 7.5 g ha−1.CONCLUSION: The results showed that a substituted phenoxy group at the 3‐position of the pyridazine ring and the electron‐withdrawing group at the para‐position on the benzene ring were essential for high herbicidal activity. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Toxicity and horizontal transfer of chlorantraniliprole against the Asian subterranean termite Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann): effects of donor:recipient ratio, exposure duration and soil type
Authors: Neoh Kok‐Boon , Hu Jian , Yeoh Boon‐Hoi , Lee Chow‐Yang 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBACKGROUND: The effectiveness of chlorantraniliprole and other insecticides (bifenthrin, fipronil, indoxacarb, imidacloprid and chlorfenapyr) were tested against Coptotermes gestroi (Wasmann). Four experiments were conducted: a topical bioassay, a horizontal transfer study, an insecticide bioavailability test and a feeding bioassay.RESULTS: The topical bioassay showed that chlorantraniliprole was significantly less active to C. gestroi at 24 h post‐treatment compared with the other insecticides tested. Nevertheless, it is likely that a lesser amount of chlorantraniliprole was required to cause 50% mortality of C. gestroi at 7 and 14 days post‐treatment. The exposure duration and donor:recipient ratio affect the mortality of recipient termites. Mortality after exposure to chlorantraniliprole in sandy clay was significantly lower than in sand; however, by 14 days, > 90% of donor and recipient termites died in both substrates, irrespective of concentration. Fipronil and imidacloprid showed faster action, and high to moderate toxicity to C. gestroi. Termite workers also ceased to feed after exposure for 1 h to 50 mg kg−1 chlorantraniliprole‐treated sandy clay.CONCLUSION: Chlorantraniliprole demonstrated delayed toxicity at the lowest label rate (50 mg kg−1) in sandy clay. Its slow action will enable greater transfer of toxicant between nestmates, while feeding cessation will promote greater social interaction between healthy and exposed termites. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
Automatic detection of atmospheric boundary layer height using ceilometer backscatter data assisted by a boundary layer model
Authors: Di Giuseppe Francesca , Riccio Angelo , Caporaso Luca , Bonafé Giovanni , Gobbi Gian Paolo , Angelini Federico 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThis work tackles the problem of the automated detection of the atmospheric boundary layer (BL) height h, from aerosol lidar/ceilometer observations. A new method, the Bayesian selective method (BSM), is presented. It implements a Bayesian statistical inference procedure which combines in a statistically optimal way different sources of information. Firstly, atmospheric stratification boundaries are located from discontinuities in the ceilometer backscattered signal. The BSM then identifies the discontinuity edge that has the highest probability to effectively mark the BL height. Information from the contemporaneous physical boundary layer model simulations and a climatological dataset of BL height evolution are combined in the assimilation framework to assist this choice.The BSM algorithm has been tested for 4 months of continuous ceilometer measurements collected during the BASE:ALFA project, and is shown to realistically diagnose the BL depth evolution in many different weather conditions. A standard one‐dimensional processing of the ceilometer signal without the a priori support of the dynamical and climatological BL models often fails to correctly detect h, with the greatest inaccuracies occurring at night‐time when residual layers can generate very strong signals, which are then classified by an automated application of the gradient or of the wavelet analysis as the most probable BL height. The BSM approach instead carries information on the low climatological probability to find elevated BL depths at night and penalizes the selection of these points. Moreover, this method is able to correctly convey information along the temporal dimension, thus filling data gaps using earlier and subsequent ceilometer information for the retrieval. Copyright © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society
Controlled Ambipolar‐to‐Unipolar Conversion in Graphene Field‐Effect Transistors Through Surface Coating with Poly(ethylene imine)/Poly(ethylene glycol) Films
Authors: Yan Zheng , Yao Jun , Sun Zhengzong , Zhu Yu , Tour James M. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA controlled ambipolar‐to‐unipolar (n‐type) conversion, along with a maximum fourfold increase in the electron mobility, in graphene field‐effect transistors (FETs) is achieved by coating the surface of graphene with a layer of a mixed polymer system, poly(ethylene imine) (PEI) in poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The PEG serves as a physisorption adhesion agent for the PEI. Both unipolar and ambipolar n‐type doping can be realized by adjusting the thickness of PEI films atop the graphene channel. The observed phenomena are attributed to the doping/dedoping effects of the external PEI film. The study provides a guide to engineering graphene transport properties through chemical modifications.
Mobile‐to‐mobile MIMO transmit–receive diversity systems: analysis and performance in three‐dimensional double‐correlated channels
Authors: Qi Jian , Aïssa Sonia 
Published: November 2011

ABSTRACTMobile‐to‐mobile (M‐to‐M) communications are expected to play a crucial role in future wireless systems and networks. In this paper, we consider M‐to‐M multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) maximal ratio combining system and assess its performance in spatially correlated channels. The analysis assumes double‐correlated Rayleigh‐and‐Lognormal fading channels and is performed in terms of average symbol error probability, outage probability, and ergodic capacity. To obtain the receive and transmit spatial correlation functions needed for the performance analysis, we used a three‐dimensional (3D) M‐to‐M MIMO channel model, which takes into account the effects of fast fading and shadowing. The expressions for the considered metrics are derived as a function of the average signal‐to‐noise ratio per receive antenna in closed‐form and are further approximated using the recursive adaptive Simpson quadrature method. Numerical results are provided to show the effects of system parameters, such as distance between antenna elements, maximum elevation angle of scatterers, orientation angle of antenna array in the x–y plane, angle between the x–y plane and the antenna array orientation, and degree of scattering in the x–y plane, on the system performance. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A seasonal survey of gastrointestinal parasites in captive wild impala antelope on a game facility south of Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Nalubamba K.S. , Mudenda N.B. , Malamo M.R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFaecal samples (n = 1947) from captive wild impala (Aepyceros melampus melampus) were examined over a period of 14 months to determine quantitative seasonal helminth egg excretion patterns and qualitative protozoan oocyst excretion patterns. Geometric mean monthly faecal egg counts (FECs) ranged from 20 to 575 and coprocultures revealed three parasite genera, namelyTrichostrongylus,HaemonchusandStrongyloides. Larvae of theTrichostrongylusspp. were most predominant from faecal cultures. No trematode eggs or lungworms were detected and eggs of the cestodeMoneziawere only seen in two samples during the entire study period. The nematode FECs showed a marked seasonal variation, being higher during the rainy season, moderate during the cool dry season and low during the hot dry season. The rainy season had significantly higher FECs than the dry season (P < 0.01). The percentage of helminth-egg positive faecal samples ranged from 90.6 to 100% in the rainy season and 72.4 to 85.6% in the dry season. Overall mean FECs in unpelleted faeces were significantly higher than in pelleted faeces (P < 0.01). However, the FECs were not significantly different among seasons in unpelleted faeces (P>0.05), but were significantly higher in pelleted faeces in the rainy season than the dry season (P < 0.05). Pellet size had a significant effect on FEC, with smaller pellets having higher FEC (P < 0.05).Strongyloideseggs and coccidia oocysts were only seen during the rainy season. This represents the first documentation of seasonal parasitic infestation in captive wild antelopes in Zambia. Treatment and control strategies for helminths in these captive wild impala are also suggested based on the findings from this study.
Drugs' rapid payoffs distort evaluation of their instrumental uses
Authors: Ainslie George 
Published: November 2011

AbstractScience has needed a dispassionate valuation of psychoactive drugs, but a motivational analysis should be conducted with respect to long-term reward rather than reproductive fitness. Because of hyperbolic overvaluation of short-term rewards, an individual's valuation depends on the time she forms it and the times she will revisit it, sometimes making her best long-term interest lie in total abstinence.
Drug instrumentalization and evolution: Going even further
Authors: Lende Daniel H. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractMüller & Schumann (M&S) deserve applause for their interdisciplinary examination of drug use, evolution, and learning. Further steps can deepen their evolutionary analysis: a focus on adaptive benefits, a distinction between approach and consummatory behaviors, an examination of how drugs can create adaptive lag through changing human niche construction, the importance of other neurobehavioral mechanisms in drug use besides instrumentalization, and the importance of sociocultural dynamics and neural plasticity in both human evolution and drug use.
Sacramental and spiritual use of hallucinogenic drugs
Authors: Móró Levente , Noreika Valdas 
Published: November 2011

AbstractArguably, the religious use of hallucinogenic drugs stems from a human search of metaphysical insight rather than from a direct need for cognitive, emotional, social, physical, or sexual improvement. Therefore, the sacramental and spiritual intake of hallucinogenic drugs goes so far beyond other biopsychosocial functions that it deserves its own category in the drug instrumentalization list.
CoRoT mission highlights
Authors: Deleuil Magali , Bordé Pascal , Moutou Claire ,   the CoRoT exoplanet science team
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe CoRoT space telescope is detecting planets with the transit method for more than four years. Its tally includes hot jupiter planets with orbital periods up to 95 days but also the first Super-Earth, CoRoT-7b, whose density is similar to the Earth's one, as well as close-in brown dwarfs. We review the status of the CoRoT/Exoplanet program, including some elements of the multi step strategy of complementary observations. We then present some of the CoRoT exoplanetary systems and how they widen the range of properties of the close-in low mass population and contribute to our understanding of the properties of planets.
Formation of brown dwarfs and planets
Authors: Nordlund Åke 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBrown dwarfs and massive planets have similar structures, and there is probably an overlap in mass between the most massive planets and the lowest mass brown dwarfs. This raises questions as to what extent the structures of the most massive planets and lowest mass brown dwarfs differ, and what similarities (or not) there might be between their formation mechanisms. Here I discuss these issues on the background of recent numerical simulations of star formation, new evidence from cosmochemistry about the conditions in the early solar system, and recently discovered mechanisms that can expedite planetesimal and possibly planet formation greatly.
The photometric follow-up observations for transiting exoplanet XO-2b
Authors: Gu Sheng-hong , Cameron Andrew Collier , Wang Xiao-bin , Fang Xiang-song , Cao Dong-tao , Zhang Li-yun 
Published: November 2011

AbstractFour new transit light curves of XO-2b obtained in 2008 and 2009, are analyzed by using MCMC algorithm, and the system parameters are derived. The result demonstrates that the orbital period of the system obtained from new observations is almost the same as Burke et al.'s one (2007), which does not confirm the result of Fernandez et al. (2009).
Alien Earth: Glint observations of a remote planet
Authors: Barry Richard K. , Deming L. Drake 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe give a preliminary report on a multi-wavelength study of specular reflections from the oceans and clouds of Earth. We use space-borne observations from a distance sufficient to ensure that light rays reflected from all parts of Earth are closely parallel, as they will be when studying exoplanets. We find that the glint properties of Earth in this far-field vantage point are surprising - in the sense that some of the brightest reflections are not from conventional ocean-glints, but appear to arise from cirrus cloud crystals. The Earth observations discussed here were acquired with the High Resolution Instrument (HRI) - a 0.3 m f/35 telescope on the Deep Impact (DI) spacecraft during the Extrasolar Planet Observation and Characterization (EPOCh) investigation.
Characterization of rocky exoplanets from their infrared phase curve
Authors: Maurin Anne-Sophie , Selsis Franck , Hersant Franck , Delbò Marco 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDuring the last few years, observations have yielded an abundant population of short-period planets under 15 Earth masses. Among those, hot terrestrial exoplanets represent a key population to study the survival of dense atmospheres close to their parent star. Thermal emission from exoplanets orbiting low-mass stars will be observable with the next generation of infrared telescopes, in particular the JWST. In order to constrain planetary and atmospheric properties, we have developed models to simulate the variation of the infrared emission along the path of the orbit (IR phase curve) for both airless planets and planets with dense atmospheres. Here, we focus on airless planets and present preliminary results on the influence of orbital elements, planet rotation, surface properties and observation geometry. Then, using simulated noisy phase curves, we test the retrieval of planets' properties and identify the degeneracies.
Conditions for outward migration
Authors: Bitsch Bertram , Kley Willy 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe migration of protoplanets in discs not only depends on the thermodynamics of the ambient disc but also on the orbital parameters of the embedded planet. In the fully radiative regime, planets can migrate outward if their orbital parameters fit in a very small range. We simulate planets in fully radiative discs (and isothermal discs - for reference) and determine the influence of the orbital parameters (a, e and i) and the planetary mass on the migration time scale and direction.
The 2:1 librating-circulating planetary configuration produced by a hybrid scenario
Authors: Ji Jianghui , Sun Zhao , Jin Sheng , Zhang Niu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractDifferent migration scenario of two giant planets may play a major role in forming the diverse resonant planetary configurations. The studies on the HD 128311 and HD 73526 systems show that two gas giants are captured in a 2:1 resonance but not in apsidal corotation, because one of the resonant argument circulates over the dynamical evolution. Herein we explore potential scenarios to produce the 2:1 librating-circulating resonance configuration. In the simulations, we find that both colliding or scattering events at early stage of dynamical evolution can induce the configurations trapped into resonance. In this sense, the librating-circulating resonance configuration is more likely to form by a hybrid mechanism of scattering and collision.
The variation of biomarkers in the spectrum of Earthshine
Authors: Naud Marie-Eve , Lamontagne R. , Wesemael F. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe present preliminary results from a study of the variations of the optical spectrum of the Earthshine over a period of a year. Our goal is to follow, on several timescales, the spectral changes of the signature of various biomarkers that are potential indicators of habitability and/or biological activity, and of the Vegetation Red Edge, a feature around 700 nm due to photosynthetic organisms.