bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bile Acid Diarrhea Is Associated With an Increased Incidence of Gastrointestinal Cancers
Authors: Ellegaard Anne-Marie , Kårhus Martin L. , Winther-Jensen Matilde , Knop Filip K. , Kårhus Line L. 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Bile acid diarrhea (BAD) is an underrecognized and socially debilitating disease caused by high concentrations of bile acids in the colon. Bile acids directly and indirectly promote carcinogenesis. In this article, we investigated whether individuals with BAD have an increased risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancers.

METHODS:
By using the Danish health registries, adult individuals with BAD were identified by International Classification of Diseases 10th revision code K90.8 or referral to the diagnostic ⁷⁵selenium-homotaurocholic acid test followed by prescription of a bile acid sequestrant within 365 days (n = 5,245). Age- and sex-matched individuals without BAD were included for comparison (n = 52,450). We analyzed the cumulative incidence of GI cancers after BAD diagnosis and the odds ratios (ORs) of GI cancer 8 and 15 years before BAD diagnosis/matching.

RESULTS:
Cumulative incidence of GI cancer 6 years after BAD diagnosis/matching was 1.6% in the BAD group and 1.1% in controls (P = 0.01). The ORs of total GI cancer 8 and 15 years before BAD diagnosis were 6.16 (5.08–7.48) and 5.19 (4.28–6.29), respectively. Furthermore, 47 individuals with BAD (0.9%) and 250 (0.5%) controls died of GI cancer.

DISCUSSION:
This nationwide cohort study indicates an association between BAD and GI cancers. We found both a higher incidence of GI cancer after BAD diagnosis compared with controls and increased OR of GI cancer before BAD diagnosis. Bearing in mind the underdiagnosis of BAD, the delay of BAD diagnosis, and the carcinogenic effect of bile acids, these findings warrant further investigations of the risk of GI cancer in individuals with BAD.
A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Microbiome-Based Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Personalized Diet vs Low-Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides, and Polyols Diet: A Novel Approach for the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Tunali Varol , Arslan Naciye Çiğdem , Ermiş Beyza Hilal , Derviş Hakim Gözde , Gündoğdu Aycan , Hora Mehmet , Nalbantoğlu Özkan Ufuk 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Personalized management strategies are pivotal in addressing irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This multicenter randomized controlled trial focuses on comparing the efficacy of a microbiome-based artificial intelligence-assisted personalized diet (PD) with a low-fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet (FODMAP) for IBS management.

METHODS:
One hundred twenty-one patients participated, with 70 assigned to the PD group and 51 to the FODMAP diet group. IBS subtypes, demographics, symptom severity (IBS-SSS), anxiety, depression, and quality of life (IBS-QOL) were evaluated. Both interventions spanned 6 weeks. The trial's primary outcome was the within-individual difference in IBS-SSS compared between intervention groups.

RESULTS:
For the primary outcome, there was a change in IBS-SSS of −112.7 for those in the PD group vs −99.9 for those in the FODMAP diet group (P = 0.29). Significant improvement occurred in IBS-SSS scores (P < 0.001), frequency (P < 0.001), abdominal distension (P < 0.001), and life interference (P < 0.001) in both groups. In addition, there were significant improvements in anxiety levels and IBS-QOL scores for both groups (P < 0.001). Importantly, PD was effective in reducing IBS SSS scores across all IBS subtypes IBS-Constipation (IBS-C; P < 0.001), IBS-Diarrhea (IBS-D; P = 0.01), and IBS-Mixed (IBS-M; P < 0.001) while FODMAP diet exhibited comparable improvements in IBS-C (P = 0.004) and IBS-M (P < 0.001). PD intervention significantly improved IBS-QOL scores for all subtypes (IBS-C [P < 0.001], IBS-D [P < 0.001], and IBS-M [P = 0.008]) while the FODMAP diet did so for the IBS-C (P = 0.004) and IBS-D (P = 0.022). Notably, PD intervention led to significant microbiome diversity shifts (P < 0.05) and taxa alterations compared with FODMAP diet.

DISCUSSION:
The artificial intelligence-assisted PD emerges as a promising approach for comprehensive IBS management. With its ability to address individual variation, the PD approach demonstrates significant symptom relief, enhanced QOL, and notable diversity shifts in the gut microbiome, making it a valuable strategy in the evolving landscape of IBS care.
Utility of a Third Heplisav-B Dose in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Without Immunity After 2-Dose Heplisav-B Vaccination
Authors: Karime Christian , Black Cecily N. , Cortes Pedro , Kwon Joshua Y. , Caldera Freddy , Crosby Sheena K. , Picco Michael F. , Kinnucan Jami A. , Hashash Jana G. , Farraye Francis A. 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is recommended in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although the 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccine has proven effective, more than 20% of patients with IBD do not seroconvert. We prospectively evaluated the effectiveness of a third Heplisav-B dose in patients with IBD lacking HBV immunity despite 2-dose vaccination.

METHODS:
Adults with IBD who had received 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccination between 2018 and 2023 were identified. Seroconversion was defined as hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) ≥ 10 IU/L measured at ≥4 weeks after vaccination. Patients who did not seroconvert were prospectively offered a third Heplisav-B dose, followed by repeat HBsAb measurement. Demographic, clinical, medication, and vaccination data were compared between those who did and did not seroconvert.

RESULTS:
Of 192 patients identified, 71.9% (138/192) seroconverted after 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccination. The 54 patients (28.1%) who did not seroconvert were more likely to be male, have diabetes, chronic kidney disease, or elevated Charlson Comorbidity Index. Of the 54 patients, 30 (55.6%) elected to receive a third Heplisav-B dose, with 56.7% (17/30) achieving seroconversion (median HBsAb titer 376 IU/L, IQR 47–1,000 IU/L) despite a median intervaccination time of 416 days (IQR 90.8–667.8). No differences were noted between patients who did vs did not seroconvert after third-dose vaccination.

DISCUSSION:
In patients with IBD lacking HBV immunity despite 2-dose Heplisav-B vaccination, administration of a third dose resulted in a 56.7% seroconversion rate. Our results suggest that administration of an additional Heplisav-B dose may be an effective strategy in patients lacking immunity despite primary 2-dose vaccination.
Clinicopathological Characteristics and Risk Factors of Young-Onset Gastric Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Li Yunhao , Hahn Anne I. , Laszkowska Monika , Jiang Fang , Zauber Ann G. , Leung Wai K. 
Published: May 2024

INTRODUCTION:
The characteristics of gastric carcinoma in young individuals differ from that in older individuals. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the clinicopathological features and risk factors associated with young-onset (younger than 50 years) gastric carcinoma.

METHODS:
We searched for studies published between January 1, 1990, and September 1, 2023, on patients with young-onset gastric carcinoma in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and MEDLINE to explore clinicopathological characteristics among this specific patient group. Extracted information included the proportion of patients with symptoms or family history of gastric cancer, tumor location, and histological features such as Lauren or World Health Organization histological classification and degree of differentiation. Additional analyses were conducted on risk factors such as positive family history, Helicobacter pylori infection, or high-risk nutritional or behavioral factors. The estimates were derived using random or fixed-effect models and included subgroup analyses based on different sex and age groups. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023466131).

RESULTS:
We identified 5,696 records, 1,292 were included in the quality assessment stage. Finally, 84 studies from 18 countries or regions including 89,447 patients with young-onset gastric carcinoma were included. Young-onset gastric carcinoma has slight female predominance (53.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6–55.7%), with most having symptoms (87.0%, 95% CI: 82.4%–91.7%). Family history was reported in 12.1% (95% CI: 9.5%–14.7%). H. pylori infection was detected in 60.0% of cases (95% CI: 47.1%–72.8%). Most of these carcinomas were in the non-cardia region (89.6%, 95% CI: 82.4%–96.8%), exhibiting Lauren diffuse-type histology (71.1%, 95% CI: 66.8%–75.3%) and poor/undifferentiated features (81.9%, 95% CI%: 79.7–84.2%). A positive family history of gastric cancer was the most important risk factor associated with the development of gastric carcinoma in young individuals (pooled odds ratios 4.0, 95% CI: 2.8–5.2), followed by H. pylori infection (odds ratio 2.3; 95% CI: 1.4–3.2) and dietary and other lifestyle risk factors.

DISCUSSION:
Young-onset gastric carcinoma exhibits specific clinicopathological characteristics, with positive family history being the most important risk factor. Most of the patients were symptomatic at diagnosis. These findings could help to inform future strategies for the early detection of gastric carcinoma among young individuals.
Two solutions for Dirichlet double phase problems with variable exponents
Authors: Amoroso Eleonora , Bonanno Gabriele , D’Aguì Giuseppina , Winkert Patrick 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper is devoted to the study of a double phase problem with variable exponents and Dirichlet boundary condition. Based on an abstract critical point theorem, we establish existence results under very general assumptions on the nonlinear term, such as a subcritical growth and a superlinear condition. In particular, we prove the existence of two bounded weak solutions with opposite energy sign and we state some special cases in which they turn out to be nonnegative.
Entwicklungen im Qualitätsmanagement und in der Indikatorik: Eine Folgeuntersuchung zum Einsatz von Webanalyse in überregionalen Informationsinfrastrukturen
Authors: Fahrer Sigrid , Rittberger Marc 
Published: May 2024

Zusammenfassung
Webanalyse ist zentral für das Verständnis und die Optimierung von Webnutzung. Diese Methode wird auch in den Informationsinfrastrukturen der Leibniz-Gemeinschaft eingesetzt, wie eine 2016 erschiene Studie zeigt. Diese Studie wurde nun wiederholt, um die Entwicklungsschritte im Bereich der Webanalyse nachzuzeichnen. Die zentralen Ergebnisse der Folgestudie werden in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt und vor dem Hintergrund von Qualitätsmanagement und wissenschaftlicher Leistungsmessung diskutiert.
Post hoc subgroup analysis of Asian children with paediatric GHD from the global phase 3 efficacy and safety study of once-weekly somatrogon vs. once-daily somatropin
Authors: Gomez Roy , Khadilkar Vaman , Shembalkar Jayashri , Chu Der-Ming , Ko Cheol Woo , Wajnrajch Michael P. , Wang Ronnie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Somatrogon is a long-acting recombinant human growth hormone used to treat patients with paediatric growth hormone deficiency (pGHD). This global phase 3 study compared the efficacy and safety of once-weekly somatrogon with once-daily somatropin in children with GHD.

Methods
Prepubertal patients were randomized 1:1 to once-weekly somatrogon (0.66 mg/kg/week) or once-daily somatropin (0.24 mg/kg/week) for 12 months. The primary endpoint was height velocity (HV) at month 12; secondary endpoints included HV at month 6 and change in height standard deviation score (SDS) at months 6 and 12 and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) SDS.

Results
This post hoc subgroup analysis focused specifically on Asian children (somatrogon: n=24 and mean age=7.76 years; somatropin: n=21 and mean age=8.10 years) across eight countries. Mean HV at month 12 was 10.95 cm/year (somatrogon) and 9.58 cm/year (somatropin); the treatment difference of 1.38 cm/year favoured somatrogon. The lower bound of the two-sided 95 % CI of the treatment difference (somatrogon–somatropin) was −0.20, similar to the overall study population (−0.24). Compared with the somatropin group, the somatrogon group had numerically higher HV at month 6 (8.31 vs. 11.23 cm/year); a similar trend was observed for height SDS and IGF-1 SDS at months 6 and 12. Safety and tolerability were similar between treatment groups; adverse events occurred in 83 % of somatrogon-treated children and 76 % of somatropin-treated children.

Conclusions
This subgroup analysis demonstrated that somatrogon efficacy and safety in Asian children were consistent with the overall study population, where once-weekly somatrogon was non-inferior to once-daily somatropin.
Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02968004.
Random Mutagenesis of Lipomyces maratuensis InaCC Y720 Using Commercial UV Lamp To Increase Lipid Production
Authors: Lestari Agis Dwi , Kanti Atit , Ilmi Miftahul 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOleaginous yeasts are capable of accumulating high lipid concentration up to 20% of dry cell weight. High lipid content, a shorter life cycle, and similar a fatty acid composition to vegetable oils makes oleaginous yeast a potential lipid producer. Lipomyces maratuensis InaCC Y720 is a novel species isolated from Maratua Island, East Kalimantan, which has been reported as a potential yeast lipid producer. However, lipid productivity of the yeast is needed to be increased to make it suitable for an industrial scale. The aim of this study is to obtain potential mutant strains for the biodiesel industry. Random mutagenesis was applied by using commercial UV-C lamp on the strain which resulting in an 80% death rate after three hours irradiation. Subsequent treatment was carried out using cerulenin as a selection agent for mutans, yielding six mutant strains. Among these strains, mutant 1 produced the highest lipid production, with a lipid concentration of 0.072 g/L and a lipid percentage of 8.603%. Nevertheless, when compared to the wild type, the lipid productivity of mutant 1 is low. Based on these results, the mutagenesis approach using commercial lamp UV-C has not obtained the expected mutants, so it is recommended to use different methods for future study.AbstrakKhamir oleaginous memiliki kemampuan dapat mengakumulasi lipid hingga 20% dari berat kering selnya. Tingginya kadar lipid yang diproduksi, siklus hidup yang pendek serta komposisi lipid yang mirip dengan minyak tumbuhan dapat menjadikan khamir sebagai alternatif penghasil lipid. Lipomyces maratuensis InaCC Y720 merupakan spesies baru yang diisolasi dari Pulau Maratua, Kalimantan Timur yang dilaporkan sebagai khamir penghasil lipid potensial. Namun, produktivitas lipid khamir tersebut perlu ditingkatkan agar sesuai untuk skala industri. Tujuan dalam studi ini adalah mendapatkan strain mutan yang potensial untuk industri biodiesel. Metode mutagenesis secara acak dilakukan dengan menggunakan lampu UV-C komersial pada strain yang menghasilkan tingkat kematian 80% selama tiga jam penyinaran. Setelah itu, dilakukan perlakuan lebih lanjut dengan penggunaan serulenin sebagai agen seleksi mutan. Proses seleksi menghasilkan enam strain mutan. Di antara keenam strain mutan, mutan 1 menghasilkan jumlah lipid tertinggi dengan berat lipid 0,072 g/L dengan persentase lipid yaitu 8,603%. Namun, dibandingkan dengan wild type, produktivitas lipid mutan 1 lebih rendah. Berdasarkan hasil ini, mutagenesis menggunakan lampu UV-C komersial belum mendapatkan mutan yang diharapkan sehingga disarankan penggunaan metode yang berbeda untuk penelitian selanjutnya.
Prescribing Patterns of Nonrecommended Medications for Children With Acute COVID-19
Authors: Burns Julianne E. , Dahlen Alex , Bio Laura L. , Chamberlain Lisa J. , Bassett Hannah K. , Ramaraj Raksha , Schwenk Hayden T. , Teufel Ronald J. , Schroeder Alan R. 
Published: May 2024

OBJECTIVE
Repurposed medications for acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continued to be prescribed after results from rigorous studies and national guidelines discouraged use. We aimed to describe prescribing rates of nonrecommended medications for acute COVID-19 in children, associations with demographic factors, and provider type and specialty.

METHODS
In this retrospective cohort of children &lt;18 years in a large United States all-payer claims database, we identified prescriptions within 2 weeks of an acute COVID-19 diagnosis. We calculated prescription rate, performed multivariable logistic regression to identify risk factors, and described prescriber type and specialty during nonrecommended periods defined by national guidelines.

RESULTS
We identified 3 082 626 COVID-19 diagnoses in 2 949 118 children between March 7, 2020 and December 31, 2022. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and ivermectin were prescribed in 0.03% and 0.14% of COVID-19 cases, respectively, during nonrecommended periods (after September 12, 2020 for HCQ and February 5, 2021 for ivermectin) with considerable variation by state. Prescription rates were 4 times the national average in Arkansas (HCQ) and Oklahoma (ivermectin). Older age, nonpublic insurance, and emergency department or urgent care visit were associated with increased risk of either prescription. Additionally, residence in nonurban and low-income areas was associated with ivermectin prescription. General practitioners had the highest rates of prescribing.

CONCLUSIONS
Although nonrecommended medication prescription rates were low, the overall COVID-19 burden translated into high numbers of ineffective and potentially harmful prescriptions. Understanding overuse patterns can help mitigate downstream consequences of misinformation. Reaching providers and parents with clear evidence-based recommendations is crucial to children’s health.
The relationship of psychosocial problems to the severity of psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: Flora Marlita Lubis  , Riana Miranda Sinaga  
Published: May 2024

Background: Psoriasis is a skin disease belonging to the group of erythrosquamous dermatoses, chronic recurrent. Most psoriasis patients will experience psychological problems related to physical appearance and causing the patient's withdrawal from the social environment and also has a negative impact on work and career problems of patients, which will eventually cause stress in patients. The design of this study was a cross sectional study with the independent variable being psychosocial problems and the dependent variable being the severity of psoriasis.
Methods: The design of this study was a cross sectional study with the independent variable being psychosocial problems and the dependent variable being the severity of psoriasis. The design of this study was a cross sectional study with the independent variable being psychosocial problems and the dependent variable being the severity of psoriasis. We took the sample with consecutive sampling who appropriate with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by ANOVA test with the p-value <0.001 was declared significant.
Results: The distribution of psoriasis vulgaris is more in males (16/30 patients, 53.3%). Psoriasis vulgaris mainly occurs in the age group of 41-50 (8/30 patients, 26.7%). The highest occupation distribution is not working (11/30 patients, 37%). The distribution of psoriasis vulgaris who did not experience anxiety and depression was 73.3%. The distribution of family history is 24 people 80% there is no family history. The most distribution of the severity of psoriasis vulgaris was mild, 73.3%.
Conclusion: There was no relationship between psychosocial factors and the severity of psoriasis (p=0.551).
Post-chemotherapy response of paclitaxel and carboplatin regimens in advanced stage cervical cancer types of histopathology squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sukoco Yohanes Adhitya Prakasa , Meitria Syahadatina Noor  , Ferry Armanza  , Hariadi Yuseran  , Renny Aditya  
Published: May 2024

Background: Cervical cancer incidence in South Borneo was placed 10th in Indonesia. South Borneo Department of Health revealed 1,930 patients diagnosed with cervical cancer in 2019. The main therapy for advanced cervical cancer was radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combination. This study aims to demonstrate that paclitaxel plus carboplatin regimens have a better post-chemotherapy response in patients with advanced cervical cancer squamous cell carcinoma than adenocarcinoma.
Methods: This study used an analytical observational method with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size was taken during the period during which this study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2020 and was taken by total sampling and divided into 2 groups consisting of patients with advanced cervical cancer, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenocarcinoma histological types. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21.0 for Windows.
Results: A total of 202 individuals made up the study's sample, including 54 (26.8%) adenocarcinomas, 148 (73.2%) patients with advanced cervical cancer, and patients with various histological kinds of squamous cell carcinoma. About 107 (52.9%) patients provided complete responses, whereas up to 95 (47.1%) patients provided incomplete responses.
Conclusion: Squamous cell carcinoma, the histological type of cervical cancer, responds to treatment better than adenocarcinoma.
Number of e-cadherin and VEGF in WiDr cell line post-induced by extract ethanol Annona muricata leaf
Authors: Yoni Astuti  , Agus Suharto  , Sabtanti Harimurti  , Helmi Hana Prinanda  , Wahyu Joko Priambodo  
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Soursop leaves have benefits including anticancer, antifungal, and antibacterial. Soursop leaves are proven to contain various phytochemicals, namely alkaloids (ALKs), essential oils and acetogenins. Annonaceous acetogenins compounds soursop cytotoxic effect on cancer cells. One of the reasons for the malignancy of cancer cells is their ability to move to other tissues. Migration ability was related with the expression of e-cadherin, in cancer cells the expression of e-cadherin was low. Malignancy is also related to the amount of VEGF, in the type of tumor VEGF expression increases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure the amount of e-cadherin and VEGF of the WiDr colon cancer cell model after being induced by soursop leaf ethanol extract.
Methods: Ethanol extract of soursop leaves is obtained by maceration. The measurement of the amount of e-cadherin used the elisa kit e-cadherin while the amount of VEGF was used by the elisa kit VEGF. The amount of e-cadherin and VEGF measurement used was an elisa reader at a wavelength of 560 NM.
Results: The results showed there were significant differences between various doses of extract ethanol Annona muricata to the number of e-cadherin. There were significant differences between various doses of Extract ethanol Annona muricata to the number of VEGF.
Conclusions: Ethanol extract Annona muricata leaf showed the anti migration and anti angiogenesis effect on WiDr cell line.