bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Nematode Resistance Allele at the rhg1 Locus Alters the Proteome and Primary Metabolism of Soybean Roots
Authors: Afzal Ahmed J. , Natarajan Aparna , Saini Navinder , Iqbal M. Javed , Geisler Matt , El Shemy Hany A. , Mungur Rajsree , Willmitzer Lothar , Lightfoot David A. 
Published: May 2009

Abstract
Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), causes the most damaging chronic disease of soybean (Glycine max). Host resistance requires the resistance allele at rhg1. Resistance destroys the giant cells created in the plant's roots by the nematodes about 24 to 48 h after commencement of feeding. In addition, 4 to 8 d later, a systemic acquired resistance develops that discourages later infestations. The molecular mechanisms that control the rhg1-mediated resistance response appear to be multigenic and complex, as judged by transcript abundance changes, even in near isogenic lines (NILs). This study aimed to focus on key posttranscriptional changes by identifying proteins and metabolites that were increased in abundance in both resistant and susceptible NILs. Comparisons were made among NILs 10 d after SCN infestation and without SCN infestation. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis resolved more than 1,000 protein spots on each gel. Only 30 protein spots with a significant (P &lt; 0.05) difference in abundance of 1.5-fold or more were found among the four treatments. The proteins in these spots were picked, trypsin digested, and analyzed using quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. Protein identifications could be made for 24 of the 30 spots. Four spots contained two proteins, so that 28 distinct proteins were identified. The proteins were grouped into six functional categories. Metabolite analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified 131 metabolites, among which 58 were altered by one or more treatment; 28 were involved in primary metabolism. Taken together, the data showed that 17 pathways were altered by the rhg1 alleles. Pathways altered were associated with systemic acquired resistance-like responses, including xenobiotic, phytoalexin, ascorbate, and inositol metabolism, as well as primary metabolisms like amino acid synthesis and glycolysis. The pathways impacted by the rhg1 allelic state and SCN infestation agreed with transcript abundance analyses but identified a smaller set of key proteins. Six of the proteins lay within the same small region of the interactome identifying a key set of 159 interacting proteins involved in transcriptional control, nuclear localization, and protein degradation. Finally, two proteins (glucose-6-phosphate isomerase [EC 5.3.1.9] and isoflavone reductase [EC 1.3.1.45]) and two metabolites (maltose and an unknown) differed in resistant and susceptible NILs without SCN infestation and may form the basis of a new assay for the selection of resistance to SCN in soybean.
Undergraduate research in the public domain: the evaluation of non‐academic sources online
Authors: Dahl Candice 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThis paper seeks to suggest that criteria commonly used to teach undergraduates to evaluate online resources are inadequate when dealing with non‐academic items in the public domain. It aims to argue that these resources should not be ignored by librarians or undergraduates, but that they must still be evaluated. An alternative method of evaluation, based on the concepts of comparison, corroboration, motivation and purpose is to be proposed.Design/methodology/approachInadequacies of current evaluative standards are revealed, specifically in relation to the current context of how and where undergraduates conduct research. Drawing on Meola's contextual framework for evaluation, as well as the thoughts of Metzger, ways to handle the evaluation of non‐academic resources online emerge.FindingsLibrarians must consider the place of non‐academic public domain items in current undergraduate research projects, and the challenges these items pose to common guidelines for the evaluation of sources. Evaluation methods must be rethought and based on a more context‐specific approach in order to be relevant when working with non‐academic resources online.Originality/valueLibrarians who focus mainly on the “peer‐reviewed” designation or other standard evaluative criteria to help students determine what an appropriate research resource is, and who are unsure of how to guide students in their use of non‐academic public domain items, will find here suggestions to guide their thinking and inform their practices.
The information and learning commons: a selective guide to sources
Authors: Held Tim 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThis bibliography aims to give citations and annotations for a core selection of sources on the information and learning commons trend in academic libraries.Design/methodology/approachArticles, books, and web sites relevant to this topic were found in the Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts database; Library Literature Index; WorldCat; and on the internet. Sources were chosen that contribute to an overview of the concepts or cover practical considerations in implementation.FindingsLibraries are developing best practices as they experiment with learner‐centered service models, but they apply these best practices differently according to their unique needs. Early implementations focus on technology and access, while later implementations focus on more collaborations surrounding learner‐centered pedagogies.Research limitations/implicationsThis bibliography selects from English language books, web sites, and peer reviewed journals about US, British, Canadian, and Oceania academic libraries, large and small.Originality/valueThis survey of the literature will help librarians and administrators understand the theoretical trends and collaboration that influence how libraries can change service, space, and technology to meet emerging needs.
A decade of personalized research assistance
Authors: Attebury Ramirose , Sprague Nancy , Young Nancy J. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe University of Idaho Library's Research Assistance Program has offered personalized research consultations to more than 1,150 students over ten years. This article aims to study the usage data compiled over the past decade to determine if the service still meets the needs of users effectively.Design/methodology/approachTen years' worth of quantitative and qualitative data were examined, using Excel to generate comparative figures/tables and to categorize user comments.FindingsIssues explored include consistencies in usage patterns (e.g. female to male ratio, undergraduate to graduate student ratio, on‐campus to off‐campus users), the average amount of librarian time spent in preparation for and in discussion with the RAP users, the point in the research process that RAP was requested, the types of assignments and sources, and challenges such as “no‐shows” and communication problems. The assessment revealed that students from a wide range of departments and classes continue to benefit from this program, and it is sustainable.Practical implicationsOther libraries can use this study to realistically estimate staff time and effort involved in individual appointments with a librarian in order to decide if they can offer such a service.Originality/valueNo other study of individual research assistance programs in academic libraries has studied ten years' worth of continuous data.
The moral awareness of future accounting and business professionals
Authors: Gammie Elizabeth , Gammie Bob 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the moral awareness and ethical virtue of current university students with a view to identifying whether there are any gender differences.Design/methodology/approachThe study analysed undergraduate responses from final year honours student cohorts, one from a degree in accounting and finance (n=51), the other from a programme in business studies (n=79), to a series of value statements and a number of academic and business‐related scenarios. The study employed a Kantian approach to ethics.FindingsAccounting students who had been exposed to ethical educational interventions do not display a higher level of moral awareness or ethical intention than their business counterparts. Whilst gender differences were apparent, this was only evident for moral awareness not ethical virtue and only the case for business students, thus suggesting that gender id may have more explanatory power than biological gender.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size was small as the study was restricted to relevant class populations and hence may not be generalisable. In addition, a gap may exist between what students state they would do in a situation and their actual behaviour.Practical implicationsFurther work is required which concentrates on gender id rather than biological gender and examines why feminine moral awareness would appear to be higher than the masculine but converges for ethical intention.Originality/valueThe study presents a comparative analysis of two different student cohorts which enables a more detailed investigation of gender differences, initially for moral awareness and then ethical virtue.
Relationship marketing research (1994‐2006)
Authors: Das Kallol 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to review the academic literature on relationship marketing (RM), conduct a content analysis of the same for the purpose of classification and provides a comprehensive bibliography.Design/methodology/approachA range of online databases were searched to review the literature on RM. Only, 209 papers had RM as the primary research topic. The full text of each paper was taken as the unit of analysis. The classification of all the units into mutually exclusive categories was done by two independent researchers.FindingsThe content analysis led to classification of literature into five mutually exclusive categories viz. objectives, defining constructs, instruments, industrial applications and issues. The contribution of research papers has been on the rise across the time frame and there has been a sharp rise in RM research publication in the recent years. The study revealed many other useful findings.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings can be generalized only to the population of selected online databases for the given time period but not to the larger universe of RM literature. The study identifies various untapped areas for further research in terms of industry, country of study, research methods, type of study, etc.Practical implicationsThe paper provides a roster of field projects accompanied by a comprehensive bibliography that will be useful to both academics and practitioners for studying existing research as well as for contemplating future research.Originality/valueThis is the only paper that provides a literature review and bibliography of RM literature for the period 1994‐2006.
Cross‐cultural communication and emotional intelligence
Authors: Lillis Michael P. , Tian Robert G. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of emotional intelligence (EI) in business communications and describes the pivotal role it plays in establishing skills that are vital to a firm's global network of operations.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of undergraduate business students, this paper examines how EI can mitigate the potential negative effects that might arise from diversity within dissimilar groups. As a measure of group diversity, we explore the role of one of the more traditional dimensions of differentiation among heterogeneous groups, gender. Patterns of group performance are observed across different levels of gender diversity and within and between high and low emotionally intelligence groups.FindingsFindings suggest that EI has a greater impact on the performance level of gender diverse groups than that of their homogeneous counterparts.Research limitations/implicationsAs a consequence, of increased globalization, organizational environments are becoming enormously complex and considerably more culturally diverse. In response to this growing trend, a key question for managers is to determine how to improve organizational awareness of the thoughts, feeling and emotions that reside in other diverse cultures. By focusing on how gender diversity can potentially impact group functioning, we hope to draw attention to the need for an increased understanding of the behavioral tendencies and value orientations that exist among dissimilar others and, by inference, dissimilar cultures.Practical implicationsResults are discussed in connection with cross‐cultural competencies and skills that are essential for a multinational enterprise.Originality/valueThis is the first study to suggest a relationship between EI and international business communication effectiveness.
The dynamics and characteristics of buying centre networks
Authors: Järvi Pentti , Munnukka Juha 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study does the structure of buying centre networks dynamically change between buying situations and during the buying processes. Furthermore, the influence of organizational culture on participation, extensivity, lateral involvement, and vertical involvement of buying centre networks is studied.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative study with empirical data gathered by semi‐structured interviews with the help of structured questions among Finnish business organizations early in 2007. The empirical data consist of 40 interviews conducted among small and medium sized companies. For the data analyses, the data were separately classified into themes relevant for each of the topics analyzed. The structured questions were used for validating the findings of qualitative analyses.FindingsThe structure of buying centre networks was found to be highly dynamic and change significantly between buying situations and phases of the buying process. Five types of networks were identified: expert, inward‐oriented informal networks; extensive, specialist and inward‐oriented formal networks; extensive, outward and more management‐oriented co‐operative networks; specification‐oriented management and responsibility‐led co‐operative networks; and management‐led specialist‐oriented versatile networks. The results also suggest power distance, risk tolerance, and individualism/collectivism are useful measures for analysing the factors influencing the structure of buying centre networks and explaining differences between buying situations and stages of the buying process.Originality/valueChange in the surrounding business and technology environment means that buying centre networks are forced to follow suit, in order to maintain competitiveness and the efficiency of their buying operations. While cultural differences are commonly known to influence organizational behaviour, the effects of the organizational culture on buying centre network structures have not sufficiently been studied.
The value of B2B relationships
Authors: Gil‐Saura Irene , Frasquet‐Deltoro Marta , Cervera‐Taulet Amparo 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to contribute to the knowledge of how relationship value, trust, commitment, satisfaction and loyalty intentions are defined and relate to each other. It explores these relationships in the business‐to‐business (B2B) context by analysing manufacturing companies regarding to their main supplier.Design/methodology/approachAfter the literature review and several in‐depth interviews, a method of empirical analysis consisting of quantitative intervention with an ad hoc survey using a structured questionnaire has been developed. Structural equations modeling is used to contrast the hypotheses on the links between the constructs analysed.FindingsConfirmatory factor analysis provided satisfactory results. With regard to the direct effects of the relationship value, the three relationships being considered were verified: relationship value has a positive influence on trust, commitment and satisfaction towards the supplier. Also, and as already contrasted in previous studies, trust has a direct, positive effect on commitment. In addition, and regarding to loyalty antecedents, data did not confirm that greater trust would increase loyalty but commitment did, leading to the conclusion that the effect of trust on loyalty is only indirect through the effect it has on commitment. Loyalty was also positively affected by satisfaction with the supplier.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of this paper open lines for future research. First, it considers that future research could include other variables affecting long‐term relationships. Second, longitudinal studies could serve to enrich the results and illustrate the complexity of the direction in the links among the variables and take into account dynamics. Third, a customer's perspective in the perception of value has been adopted in this paper. Finally, relationship value has been operationalised as reflective and a formative approach could be adopted. Implications for managers are in line with the detected importance of satisfaction and commitment as key factors because of their impact on intention to continue and expand business with the supplier. Moreover, manufacturers should recognize the role of assessing and building relationship value with their partners as it has an impact – direct or indirect – on intentions to stay in the relationship.Originality/valueIn comparison, far less research has been done in the area of relationship value. This paper emphasizes the role of perceived relationship value in relationship B2B marketing studies providing a model and contributing to relationship management.
Impact of supply chain linkages on supply chain performance
Authors: Zelbst Pamela J. , Green Kenneth W. , Sower Victor E. , Reyes Pedro 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of supply chain linkages on supply chain performance (SCP). It aims to define and describe linkage constructs for power, benefits, and risk reduction and develop multi‐item scales for their measurement. It also aims to assess the relationships of the linkages with SCP.Design/methodology/approachA total of 145 manufacturing and services sector managers are surveyed. The measurement scales are assessed for reliability and validity and further assessed within a measurement model context. Study hypotheses are then tested using a multiple regression approach.FindingsResults for the combined sample indicate that power, benefits, and risk reduction linkages positively and significantly impact SCP. Power is identified as the dominant linkage for manufacturers, and risk reduction as the most important within the services sector.Practical implicationsThe key to effective supply chain management is the ability to establish long‐term, strategic relationships with supply chain partners. Practitioners should work to fully develop power, benefits, and risk reduction linkages with partners within their specific supply chains in order to maximize value to the ultimate customers of the supply chain.Originality/valueThrough this study, previously discussed supply chain linkage constructs are specifically defined, scales for measurement of the constructs are developed, and an initial assessment of the relation of the constructs to SCP is provided.
A future for organisational behaviour?
Authors: Hosie Peter J. , Smith Roger C. 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to raise and critically analyse controversial issues facing the future directions of the academic discipline organisational behaviour (OB).Design/methodology/approachSpecifically, the commercial benefits for basic and applied OB research conducted by academics are considered. Arguments are advanced which cast doubt on the discipline's current directions.FindingsProponents of traditional research in this field are accused of methodological myopia, inaccessibility, lack of relevance to practitioners and an inability to integrate research with successful practice. Such shortcomings have the potential to render OB theories, research and recommended practices irrelevant in many commercial environments.Practical implicationsBetter integration is recommended between popularist management practices and ideas with traditional research techniques to produce more business focussed outcomes. New modes of investigation are proposed which adopt dynamic research methodologies based on “coarse grained theorising” using the “3p” test of performance, productivity and profitability. In this context, coarse grained theorising must be capable of verification in the field with tangible commercial benefits.Originality/valueNarrowing the theory‐practice gulf requires a more concerted effort to embrace practitioner generated ideas to develop these into theories closely related to organisational concerns rather than purely academic predilections. In this situation, only the most robust of existing theories, with utility for organisations, would survive and continue to be promulgated. A future scenario for OB is envisaged where hybridized theorizing and research are developed and communicated to a wider practitioner audience.
Service experience and service design: concepts and application in tourism SMEs
Authors: Zehrer Anita 
Published: May 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the pertinent issues in the relationship between service experience and service design among small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in the tourism industry.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual paper undertakes a thorough review of the relevant literature before developing propositions regarding service experience and service design for SMEs in the tourism industry.FindingsService experience must be appropriately managed by SME operators by collecting and evaluating relevant data on customer experience. Service design must be undertaken in a holistic manner that is embedded in the organisational culture of the service provider using tools such as “blueprinting”. Synergistic cooperation and learning regions among traditionally fragmented tourism providers are essential for achieving long‐term competitiveness.Research limitations/implicationsFuture research should undertake empirical studies to validate and/or modify the propositions presented in this conceptual paper.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies to have addressed the relationship between experience management and service design for SMEs in the highly competitive tourism industry.