bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cbuhdz34, a Homeodomain Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor, Positively Regulates Tension Wood Formation and Xylem Fibre Cell Elongation in Catalpa bungei
Authors: Yao Chengcheng , Fei Yue , Yan Zhenfan , Wu Chuangye , Xiao Yao , Hu Jiwen , Liu Bingyang , Wang Rui , Li Shaofeng , Zhang Miaomiao , Wang Nan , Ma Wenjun , Lu Nan , Wang Junhui 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTCatalpa bungei is a highly valued timber species renowned for its superior wood properties. However, the development of tension wood (TW) induced by wind and other mechanical stresses during the growing season significantly reduces its economic value. Although Homeodomain Leucine Zipper (HD‐Zip), a plant‐specific transcription factor family, has been reported to play various roles in plant growth, development, and stress resistance, a systematic characterisation of the HD‐Zip gene family in C. bungei, particularly regarding the regulatory mechanisms involved in TW formation, is still lacking. Here, we identified a total of 48 HD‐Zip genes (Cbuhdzs) in C. bungei and analysed their phylogeny, structure, and expression profiles. In particular, Cbuhdz34, a member of the HD‐Zip I subfamily, was specifically upregulated during TW formation. To further explore its function, we overexpressed Cbuhdz34 (OE‐Cbuhdz34) in poplar ‘84 K’, which led to noticeable changes in plant growth and fibre cell length. Moreover, compared with wild‐type plants, the OE‐Cbuhdz34 plants presented increased TW formation under bending stress, as indicated by increased TW width, gelatinous layer width, and eccentric growth rate, suggesting a positive regulatory role in TW formation. Additionally, hierarchical genetic regulatory network analysis revealed the direct targets of Cbuhdz34, including CbuMYB63 and three genes involved in cell wall synthesis (CbuGATL1, CbuFLA17, and CbuLRR14). Further, yeast one‐hybrid and dual‐luciferase reporter assays confirmed the activation of these targets by Cbuhdz34. In conclusion, our results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms by which Cbuhdz34 regulates TW formation and lay a genetic foundation for the potential improvement of wood quality in C. bungei.
Effect of the naphthylene linker on the J‐aggregation abilities of chlorophyll‐a derivatives
Authors: Hisahara Yuma , Nakano Takeo , Tamiaki Hitoshi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractChlorophyll(Chl)‐a derivatives inserting an ethynylene‐naphthylene linker between the chlorin π‐skeleton and hydroxymethyl group were prepared as models of chlorosomal Chls. Their syntheses were achieved via Sonogashira coupling reaction. Their J‐aggregation behaviors were investigated by electronic absorption and circular dichroism spectroscopic measurements. These studies revealed that the 2,6‐naphthylene inserted Chl‐a derivatives gave the single J‐aggregation species in an aqueous Triton X‐100 micellar solution with a larger red‐shift value (1270 cm−1) of the Qy band in spite of its longer linker compared with p‐phenylene inserted Chl‐a derivative (970 cm−1). These unique optical properties were also discussed based on the computational studies, which indicated the different positional relation of chlorin rings in the assemblies by the linker structure.
Within‐plant variation in chemical defence of Erysimum cheiranthoides does not explain Plutella xylostella feeding preference
Authors: Wang K. , Züst T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plants invest a substantial fraction of their resources into defence against herbivores, with the highest levels of defence often allocated only to the most valuable tissues. Plants in the genus Erysimum (Brassicaceae) have evolved the ability to produce novel cardenolides, in addition to ancestrally conserved glucosinolates. While these plants co‐express both defences, differences in tissue‐specific expression might represent an effective cost‐saving strategy.
Larvae of the glucosinolate‐resistant diamondback moth Plutella xylostella occasionally feed on Erysimum cheiranthoides but tend to avoid younger leaves. Here, we predict that caterpillar feeding preference is shaped by variations in cardenolide levels. Thus, we quantified within‐plant variations in defence and nutritional traits of vegetative or early reproductive plants and performed feeding assays to evaluate the relative importance of cardenolides.
In accordance with optimal defence theory (ODT), the youngest leaves contained the most nutrients and had highest levels of cardenolides, glucosinolates and trichomes, with more extreme within‐plant differences found in reproductive plants. Caterpillars consistently avoided the well‐defended youngest leaves, both on whole plants and detached leaf discs. Surprisingly, neither experimental addition (external application) nor removal (CRISPR‐Cas9 knockout) of cardenolides significantly affected caterpillar feeding preference.
Physical and chemical defences, including cardenolides, co‐vary within E. cheiranthoides to maximize defence of youngest leaves. While P. xylostella clearly responds to some of these traits, the prominent cardenolide defence appears to lack potency against this specialist herbivore. Nonetheless, the careful regulation and re‐mobilization of cardenolides to younger leaves during plant development suggests an important role in plant functioning.
Related factors of cognitive frailty among older adults with type 2 diabetes: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Cheng Min , Qiao Yan , Yang Bailin , He Mei 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe correlation between diabetes and cognitive frailty is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to explore the related factors of cognitive frailty in older adults with type 2 diabetes, and to provide new ideas for realising healthy ageing of diabetic patients.MethodsThe survey was conducted at Mianyang Central Hospital affiliated to University of Electronic Science and Technology of China from January 15 to June 30, 2024. The subjects were older adults with type 2 diabetes aged 60 years or older. Cognitive frailty was assessed using Fried's phenotype and Mini‐Mental State Examination. Statistical analysis and plotting were conducted using SPSS 25.0 and R 4.3.3. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to reduce the dimensionality of 30 clinical features collected, and the unimportant factors were initially screened out. The important factors with non‐zero coefficients identified by LASSO regression were included in a multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore the factors influencing cognitive frailty in older diabetic patients.ResultsThis study included 301 older persons with type 2 diabetes. Among them, 91 (30.2%) cases of cognitive frailty occurred. Related factors for cognitive frailty in older adults with type 2 diabetes include: age (odds ratio (OR) = 6.417, 95% CI: 1.882−21.876, P = 0.003), hypomnesia (OR = 2,985, 95%CI: 1.143−7.797, P = 0.026), depression (OR = 9.926, 95%CI: 4.117−23.934, P < 0.001), diabetic retinopathy (OR = 6.489, 95%CI: 1.969−21.384, P = 0.002), history of diabetic ketoacidosis (OR = 12.024, 95%CI: 1.724−83.872, P = 0.012).ConclusionThe prevalence of cognitive frailty in older persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus was higher. It was closely related to age, hypomnesia, depression, diabetic retinopathy and history of diabetic ketoacidosis. Early detection of the risk and effective intervention can reduce the incidence of adverse events and improve the quality of life of patients.
The Intergenerational Transmission of Policy Feedback in the United States: Evidence From Racial Violence
Authors: Schwegman David J. , Brunner Eric , Simonsen Bill 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTDo government actions, or inactions, committed decades (or centuries) ago toward a specific community influence how members of that community trust and perceive government today? Past government actions that extracted resources (a negative resource effect) and communicated an individual's place within American Society (a negative interpretative effect) may diminish trust. This paper explores this question by examining the relationship between the county‐level lynching rate of Black Americans from 1882 to 1936 and contemporary trust in local and state governments. We find that Black individuals living in U.S. counties exposed to higher rates of historical racial violence are less trusting of their local and state governments than Black individuals living in the same state but in counties exposed to lower levels of historical racial violence. We find no such relationship for White individuals. These relationships are robust to controlling for measures of contemporary use of force by governments and government performance.
Complete genome sequence of
Trinickia caryophylli
ATCC25418
Authors: Kim Juhyun , Kim Ye Eun , Hong Sung-Jun 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Trinickia caryophylli
causes carnation bacterial wilt disease. We report the complete genome sequence of
T. caryophylli
ATCC25418. There are two circular chromosomes with a total length of 6,589,249 bp, and the total GC content is 64.7%. This study describes the complete genome of strain ATCC25418.
Complete genome sequence of
Burkholderia contaminans
PCR-C_Y9 isolated from
Pericarpium citri reticulatae
'Chachiensis'
Authors: Xu Fan , Ma Yongkai , Chen Gu 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Burkholderia contaminans
PCR-C_Y9 was isolated from
Pericarpium citri reticulatae
‘Chachiensis’ (PCR-C), the natural aged pericarps of
Citrus reticulata
Blanco ‘Chachiensis.’ It could degrade PCR-C lipids. Its genome was sequenced as 8.70 Mbp with a guanine–cytosine content 66.23%. It was annotated to understand properties and possible contribution to aging of PCR-C.
Incidence, sociodemographic and presenting clinical features of childhood non-infectious uveitis: findings from the UK national inception cohort study
Authors: Solebo Ameenat Lola , McLoone Eibhlin , Petrushkin Harry , Gonzalez-Martin Jose , Ashworth Jane , Choi Jessy , Pilling Rachel F , Armon Kate , Warrier Kishore , Sharma Srilakshmi M , Rahi Jugnoo S 
Published: February 2025

Background
We aimed to provide, through the Uveitis in Childhood National Cohort Study, population-based evidence on incidence, distribution and disease characteristics for childhood onset non-infectious uveitis.

Methods
Eligible children and young people (<18 years) were those newly diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis between 1 March 2020 and 28 February 2023. Cases were identified and recruited through passive surveillance across a multicentre network. Descriptive analysis of demographic, socioeconomic and clinical characteristics at diagnosis is reported alongside incidence rates, relative rates by region and sociodemographic patterning.

Results
468 cases were identified, providing a minimal national disease incidence of 1.89/100 000 (95% CI 1.72 to 2.07). Among the 255 children recruited, anterior uveitis was predominant (76.9%) and 65% of cases were bilateral. Peak incidence was at 11–15 years. Children resident in deprived areas and those from non-White ethnic backgrounds were over-represented (28% and 31% of the cohort). One in seven children (15%) had a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), and 5% had tubulointerstitial nephritis. Although bilaterally poor vision was uncommon (16.8%), 44.3% had lost some vision in at least one eye.

Conclusions
There is a need to reconsider how best to deliver paediatric rheumatological and eye care that meets the needs of young people, as well as young children, with uveitis. The predominance of non-JIA-related uveitis calls for a shift in focus. There appears to be socioeconomic drivers of disease risk, which are worthy of future exploration and which have implications on the delivery of care for this chronic and blinding disease.
Solutions of the Einstein–Maxwell equations with energy–momentum tensor for polytropic core and linear envelope
Authors: Mardan S. A. , Khalid A. , Saleem Sana , Riaz Muhammad Bilal 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Investigating an anisotropic charged spherically symmetric core-envelope model for dense star objects is the aim of this paper. The polytropic equation of state (EoS) defines the core of this model, while the linear EoS represents the envelope. The radiation density-containing energy–momentum tensor is used to determine the solution of the Einstein–Maxwell field equations. All three regions-core, envelope, and Reissner Nordström external metric-have perfect matching. For the intrinsic structure of the stars

$$SAX~J1808.4-3658$$

S
A
X

J
1808.4
-
3658

and

$$4U1608-52$$

4
U
1608
-
52

, the model is physically feasible. Additionally, the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff (TOV) equation is used to verify the equilibrium state, and the adiabatic index is used to verify stability.
PTP inhibition improves the macrophage anti-tumor immune response and the efficacy of chemo- and radiotherapy
Authors: Prieto-Dominguez Nestor , Goel Paran , Ojo Oluwagbemiga A. , Moretto Katarina , Holtzhausen Alisha , Humphryes Angel , Zhou Xinyue , Kuznetsova Valeriya , Dempsey Francesca , Pittman Kelly , Lu Rui , Green Todd J. , Shi Lewis Z. , Welner Robert S. , Earp H. Shelton , Ubil Eric 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Traditional anti-cancer therapies induce tumor cell death and subsequent release of Damage Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) that activate the innate inflammatory response. Paradoxically, after treatment, macrophages often adopt a pro-wound healing, rather than pro-inflammatory, phenotype and contribute to cancer progression. We found that in areas proximal to DAMP release, tumor cells upregulate the expression of Pros1. Tumor-secreted Pros1 binds to the macrophage Mer receptor, consequently limiting responsiveness to DAMPs by preventing Toll Like Receptor (TLR) signal transduction. Pharmacological inhibition of PTP1b signaling downstream of Mer rescued the pro-inflammatory response, even in the presence of Pros1. Combining PTP inhibition with traditional therapeutics, like chemo- or radiotherapy, rescued the innate immune response to DAMPs, increased immune infiltration, and resulted in a 40-90% reduction in tumor growth in multiple treatment refractory preclinical models. Our findings suggest using PTP1b inhibitors may be a tumor agnostic means of improving the efficacy of some of the most widely used anti-cancer therapeutic agents.
Fatores associados ao sexo anal sem preservativo entre adolescentes homens que fazem sexo com homens e mulheres trans em três capitais brasileiras: estudo PrEP1519
Authors: Rosário Rijone , Dourado Inês , Pereira Marcos , Dezanet Lorenza , Greco Dirceu , Grangeiro Alexandre , Magno Laio 
Published: February 2025

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the factors that increase the practice of condomless anal sex (CAS) among adolescent men who have sex with men (AMSM) and adolescent travestis and transgender women (ATGW) in three Brazilian state capitals. METHODS: PrEP1519 is a prospective, multicenter cohort study demonstrating the effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) among AMSM and ATGW aged from 15 to 19 years in three Brazilian state capitals. The analyses were performed with baseline cohort data, including 1,418 adolescents enrolled from 2019 to 2021. The outcome studied was CAS in the last six months, and the potentially associated factors were sociodemographic, behavioral, healthcare, and history of violence and discrimination. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were estimated. RESULTS: Most of the participants were AMSM (91.5%), aged 18 to 19 years (75.9%), Black (40.5%), with secondary or higher education in progress (92.7%), with CAS during the first sexual intercourse (54.2%), sexual initiation before the age of 14 (43.4%), and history of group sex (24.6%) and transactional sex (14.6%). The prevalence of CAS in the last six months was 80.6%(95%CI 78.5%–82.6%). Adolescents who reported condomless first sexual intercourse (aPR: 1.18;95%CI 1.10–1.25), use of psychoactive substances (aPR: 1.09; 95%CI 1.03–1.16), and transactional sex (aPR: 1.11; 95%CI 1.04–1.20) had a higher prevalence of CAS in the last six months. We also found that those aged 15 to 17 years had a higher prevalence of CAS than those aged 18 to 19 (aPR: 1.07; 95%CI 0.99–1.13). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CAS was high among AMSM and ATGW, being associated with practices that may increase the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Therefore, it is recommended to strengthen sexual health programs for young people that address the issue of sexuality and STI prevention, as well as to expand access to preventive methods, such as condoms and PrEP.
Electoral Reform, Mandate-divide, and Legislative Particularism
Authors: Liao Yu-Ceng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The mixed-member system incorporates representation of list and nominal tiers with an expectation of ‘mandate-divide’ to balance national and particularistic interests. This study examines interest distribution in bill sponsorships to test the mandate-divide hypothesis, focusing on Taiwan’s transition from a single nontransferable vote (SNTV) in multi-member districts (MMD s) to single-member districts (SMD s) for the nominal (regional) tier but maintaining closed-list proportional representation (CLPR) for the list tier. Findings reveal that regional legislators sponsored more bills, especially those addressing particularistic interests, than list members, both before and after the electoral reform. However, following the reform, regional legislators significantly increased their legislative focus on public interests, surpassing even that of list members. The study suggests that SNTV-elected regional legislators are incentivised to represent specific groups, whereas SMD-elected regional legislators act as ‘catch-all representatives’ for representing broader constituencies. Electoral reform provides regional legislators with incentives to behave differently in the legislative focus of interest distribution.
The impact of aerobic exercise on enhancing SIRT1 and SIRT3 in the blood circulation among individuals with obesity
Authors: Al Qorni U. , Ardy N.R. , Nirwana A. , Sari A.R. , Damayanti D. , Rejeki P.S. , Purwanto B. , Halim S. , Pranoto A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Obesity is associated with a decrease in the levels of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and SIRT3 proteins. This reduction can impair the activity of SIRT1 and SIRT3, leading to diminished antioxidant defense, increased oxidative stress, disrupted fatty acid oxidation, and reduced energy expenditure. These changes can contribute to positive energy balance and long-term weight gain. This study aims to investigate the impact of moderate-intensity exercise on enhancing SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels in obese women. The method used in this research is a true-experimental design involving 20 obese women aged 20-30 years, divided into two experimental groups: the control group (CG, n = 10) and the exercise group (EXG, n = 10). The intervention consisted of 40 min of moderate-intensity exercise (60-70% HRmax), with a frequency of 5 times per week for 2 weeks. ELISA was utilised to measure SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels before and after exercise in all samples. The results showed that the average SIRT1 levels pre-exercise between CG and EXG were (1.08 ± 1.09 vs 0.89 ± 0.39 ng/ml, ), and post-exercise (1.01 ± 0.89 vs 2.32 ± 1.79 ng/ml, ) and has a large effect size with a Cohen’s d value of 0.927. SIRT3 levels pre-exercise between CG and EXG were (0.98 ± 0.77 vs 1.01 ± 0.84 ng/ml, ), and post-exercise (0.61 ± 0.21 vs 1.85 ± 1.45 ng/ml, ) and has a large effect size with a Cohen’s d value of 1.197. This study found an increase in SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels in the exercise group compared to the control group. Hence, incorporating moderate-intensity exercise can be recommended as a safe and cost-effective therapeutic strategy for managing obesity, offering a beneficial approach to improving metabolic health in obese individuals.
Reflecting on a Century of Research on the Tunes and Prosody of Ci
Authors: Zhu Huiguo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Over the past century, there have been many accomplishments in the study of the tunes (diao) and prosody (lü) of medieval ci. Research into the ci tunes is relatively mature and that into ci prosody is slightly less developed, although it has been advancing of late and has generated noteworthy results. Nonetheless, compared with the history and theory of ci, the study of ci tunes and prosody is still underdeveloped. The main problems are the lack of systematic and integrated research, insufficient in-depth research, limited interdisciplinary collaboration, and a general under-appreciation of the academic value of ci tunes and prosody as distinct fields of study. From the perspective of the development trends of ci studies, the advent of the big data era will bring the study of ci tunes and prosody and ci-related documentary research into closer collaboration. At the same time, the subfields of returning to the Tang and Song dynasties to trace the origins of the ci tunes and clarifying questions arising from subordinate variations of tunes will also be recognized by more scholars.
Multi-scale modeling and 3D printing of PLA composites reinforced with boron nitride, single-walled carbon nanotube, and graphene oxide
Authors: Moarrefzadeh Aiien , Angili Sajad Niazi , Emami Mohammad , Morovvati Mohammadreza , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: February 2025

This study explores the mechanical properties and microstructure of 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with boron nitride (BN), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), and graphene oxide (GO). Fused deposition modeling (FDM) was employed to fabricate PLA composites with different weight percentages (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6) of each nanomaterial. The mechanical efficacy of PLA composites with 0.6% BN and GO reinforcements were weaker to that of those with 0.6% SWCNT reinforcement, as evidenced by tensile strength testing. The microstructure of the PLA/BN, PLA/SWCNT, and PLA/GO nanocomposites was analyzed using the representative volume element (RVE) method. The material characteristics were accurately anticipated by numerical simulations that utilized RVE results, which were in good agreement with the experimental results. Additionally, the mechanical and physical properties of 3D-printed samples were simulated to further investigate them comprehensively. These results aid in comprehending the impact of nanomaterial reinforcement on the behavior of 3D-printed PLA composites. The research results indicate that PLA reinforced with 0.6 wt% SWCNT exhibits superior mechanical performance in comparison to other nanocomposites. Specifically, the PLA/SWCNT elastic modulus has increased from 4498.27 MPa (C1) to 5685.48 MPa (C3), and the maximum von misses stress of the PLA/SWCNT nanocomposite has increased from 859.4 MPa (C1) to 1087 MPa (C3).