bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male‐pronuclei‐specific granulin facilitates somatic cells reprogramming via mitigating excessive cell proliferation and enhancing lysosomal function
Authors: Wei Qingqing , Xu Yanwen , Cui Guina , Sun Jiatong , Su Zhongqu , Kou Xiaochen , Zhao Yanhong , Cao Suyuan , Li Wenhui , Xu Yiliang , Gao Shaorong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractCritical reprogramming factors resided predominantly in the oocyte or male pronucleus can enhance the efficiency or the quality of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) induction. However, few reprogramming factors exist in the male pronucleus had been verified. Here, we demonstrated that granulin (Grn), a factor enriched specifically in male pronucleus, can significantly improve the generation of iPSCs from mouse fibroblasts. Grn is highly expressed on Day 1, Day 3, Day 14 of reprogramming induced by four Yamanaka factors and functions at the initial stage of reprogramming. Transcriptome analysis indicates that Grn can promote the expression of lysosome‐related genes, while inhibit the expression of genes involved in DNA replication and cell cycle at the early reprogramming stage. Further verification determined that Grn suppressed cell proliferation due to the arrest of cell cycle at G2/M phase. Moreover, ectopic Grn can enhance the lysosomes abundance and rescue the efficiency reduction of reprogramming resulted from lysosomal protease inhibition. Taken together, we conclude that Grn serves as an activator for somatic cell reprogramming through mitigating cell hyperproliferation and promoting the function of lysosomes.
The potential toxicity of chemically fabricated silver nanomaterials based on accumulation and histological changes in fish (Cyprinus carpio)
Authors: Ali Ihsan , Ullah Kalim , Bibi Nadia , Ahmad Bushra , Shah Khadim , Qiang Tian Yong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe bio‐reductive fabrication of nanomaterials is a developing arena of study that seeks to fabricate nanoparticles (NPs) using microorganisms, plants, and animal blood. However, the chemical approach of AgNPs fulfills the need of abundant need of NPs. In contrast, chemically fabricated AgNPs are more toxic than biological AgNPs. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess and evaluate the chemically fabricated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for their possible toxicity in Common carp fish (Cyprinus carpio). The chemically synthesized silver nanoparticles were purchased from the market and applied for their possible toxicity. The chemically fabricated AgNPs were used against the Cyprinus carpio for bioaccumulation in different organs and histological alterations in the intestine and muscles. The results revealed that the AgNPs were mostly accumulated in the intestines followed by the gills, liver, and muscles (p < .05). The accumulated AgNPs caused histological alterations in gills and intestines at the highest concentration (0.08 mg/L). However, no alterations were observed by the middle and lowest concentration of AgNPs, particularly, in the intestine. In conclusion, more extensive research is required to establish the hazards related to the use of nanoparticles to disclose their negative effects on fish and the aquatic environment.Reasearch Highlights
The chemical method fabricates a large amount of AgNPs
Additionally, considered more toxic than the bio‐reductive method
AgNPs have excellent and diverse applications
AgNPs deposited in various organs and cause histological changes.
PICALM::MLLT10 may indicate a new subgroup of acute leukemias with miscellaneous immunophenotype and poor initial treatment response but showing sensitivity to venetoclax
Authors: Sun Haimin , Zhu Yongmei , Li Jianfeng , Zhao Lingling , Yang Guang , Yan Zeying , Zhang Sujiang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe PICALM::MLLT10 fusion gene is a rare but recurrent event in acute leukemia (AL) associated with poor prognosis. It is still confused whether PICALM::MLLT10 can solely correspond to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute leukemias of ambiguous lineage (ALAL). Here, we reported a series of PICALM::MLLT10 positive AL patients with miscellaneous immunophenotype including T‐ALL, ALAL, AML, and B‐ALL, complex karyotype, half of extramedullary disease (EMD), frequently concomitant PHF6 mutation, and poor initial treatment response to standard chemotherapy aiming to different immunophenotype, but showing sensitivity to combining chemotherapy especially integrated with venetoclax, suggesting this fusion gene may indicate a new subgroup of AL. Eighteen PICALM::MLLT10 positive patients of 533 AL patients (18/533, 3.4%) were identified by RNA sequencing in our center. We found PICALM::MLLT10 positive AL showing miscellaneous immunophenotype, higher expression of leukemic stemness genes and lower expression of biomarkers of venetoclax resistance, more extramedullary involvement, and especially poor response to conventional induction chemotherapy, but may benefit from venetoclax as well as low‐dose Ara‐C, granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF), and anthracyclines combination chemotherapy. Sequential hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) after chemotherapy combined with venetoclax may further improve long‐term survival in AL patients with complete remission (CR) even measurable residual disease (MRD) positive.
Moose in wolf diets across northeastern Minnesota
Authors: Chenaux‐Ibrahim Yvette , Moore Seth A. , Windels Steve K. , Severud William J. , Moen Ron A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe moose (Alces alces; mooz in Anishinaabemowin, Ojibwe language) population has recently declined in Minnesota, USA, and gray wolf (Canis lupus; ma'iingan) predation is likely a contributing factor. We analyzed diet composition of gray wolves in northeastern Minnesota during 2011–2013 to evaluate the importance of moose as prey and seasonal and regional variations in wolf diet. We identified frequency of occurrence of prey items and biomass consumed in 1,000 wolf scats collected on and adjacent to the Grand Portage Indian Reservation and Voyageurs National Park and within the 1854 Ceded Territory (greater northeastern Minnesota). White‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus; waawaashkeshiwag [plural]), moose, and beaver (Castor canadensis; amikwag [plural]) composed the majority of wolf diet, with moose as the primary prey in Grand Portage (35–54% of diet by biomass across seasons) and deer the primary prey in the 1854 Ceded Territory (46–62%) and Voyageurs (63–79%). Relative importance of prey species differed by study area and season. Moose calves were an important prey item in spring in the 1854 Ceded Territory (12% of diet by biomass) but not in Grand Portage or Voyageurs. Although calves were not a majority of wolf diet by biomass, many calves were preyed upon by wolves (30% of calves born each year in Grand Portage), thus affecting recruitment in a declining moose population. Deer fawns composed 12% of wolf diet in spring and 10% in summer in Grand Portage and 19% in summer in Voyageurs. Beaver composed 16% of wolf diet by biomass in spring and 14% in summer in Grand Portage and composed 22% of wolf diet in spring and 30% in summer in Voyageurs. At most prey densities, moose were preferred and deer avoided in Grand Portage and the 1854 Ceded Territory and beaver were preferred in Voyageurs. Our results can be used in conjunction with predation and prey studies to evaluate the effect of wolves on prey populations.
Synthetic suture tape for medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction is an effective treatment for complex paediatric patellofemoral instability
Authors: Galán‐Olleros María , Arviza‐Lorenzo Pablo , Miranda‐Gorozarri Carlos , Alonso‐Hernández Javier , Manzarbeitia‐Arroba Paloma , Ramírez‐Barragán Ana , Palazón‐Quevedo Ángel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the outcomes of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction using synthetic suture tape in paediatric patients with patellofemoral instability (PFI).MethodsThis ambispective comparative study, conducted from 2014 to 2022, included paediatric patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction with synthetic suture tape and had a minimum follow‐up of 1 year. Pre‐ and postoperative clinical and functional outcomes, patient satisfaction and complications were assessed.ResultsThe study comprised 22 patients (29 knees), with a median age at surgery of 14.4 years (interquartile range [IQR] 10.9–16.7) and a median follow‐up of 46.5 months (24.7–66). Notably, 13 knees (44.8%) had open growth plates at the time of surgery. The cohort included patients with Down syndrome (3 patients), Ehlers‐Danlos (2), arthrogryposis (1), generalized joint hypermobility (8) and previous unsuccessful PFI surgeries (8). Concomitant procedures were performed on 16 knees. Postoperatively, improvements were observed in all but one patient, who reported residual pain. There were two other complications: one suture‐tape rupture and one surgical wound infection. Functional scores significantly improved: Kujala, +14 points (7–29) (p < 0.001); IKDC, +10.5 points (5.2–25.3) (p < 0.001); Tegner, +2 points (0–4) (p < 0.001); Lysholm, +15 points (0–37.5) (p < 0.001). Most patients achieved excellent outcomes by Crosby‐Insall criteria (21 patients, 72.4%) and reported high satisfaction (23 patients, 79.3%).ConclusionsMPFL reconstruction using synthetic suture tape is a viable and effective treatment for paediatric patients with PFI, particularly for those with connective tissue disorders, generalized joint hypermobility or past surgical failures, significantly enhancing clinical and functional outcomes with an acceptable complication rate.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Postoperative radiotherapy versus surgery alone in pN1 oral cavity cancer patients: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Tsai Tsung‐You , Chiang Pin‐Chun , Yap Wing‐Keen , Huang Yenlin , See Anna , Hung Shao‐Yu , Lu Chuieng‐Yi , Lin Chien‐Yu , Chang Tung‐Chieh Joseph , Kao Huang‐Kai , Chang Kai‐Ping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this meta‐analysis is to evaluate the potential benefits of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in patients with pN1 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsA literature search through major databases was conducted until January 2023. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) or risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of different survival outcomes were extracted and pooled.ResultsTen studies published between 2005 and 2022, with a pooled patient population of 2888, were included in this meta‐analysis. Due to differences in study design and reported outcomes, the studies were categorized into distinct groups. In pN1 patients without extranodal extension (ENE), PORT was associated with a significant improvement in overall survival (OS) (aHR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61–0.94). In pN1 patients without ENE and positive margins, PORT improved OS (aHR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56–0.89) and was associated with a lower regional recurrence rate (RR 0.35, 95% CI: 0.15–0.83). However, in pN1 patients without ENE, positive margins, perineural invasion, and lymphovascular invasion, there were no significant differences observed between the PORT and observation groups in either 5‐year OS (RR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.07–3.41) or 5‐year disease‐free survival (RR 0.37, 95% CI: 0.07–2.06).ConclusionsThe current study demonstrated that PORT has the potential to improve OS in pN1 disease. However, the decision of whether to administer PORT still hinges on diverse clinical scenarios, and additional research is necessary to furnish a more conclusive resolution.Level of Evidence2.
Left‐handedness in otolaryngology, who is right?
Authors: Alhussien Ahmed , Alamri Ahlam , Almjhad Abdulrahman , AlHumaizi Abdulrahman , Alsaleh Saad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of left‐handedness (LH) among otolaryngology—head and neck surgery (ORLHN) practitioners, investigate dexterity's impact on LH trainees, and identify common patterns in their training to improve the training experience.MethodsA web‐based survey was distributed anonymously via email to members of the Saudi Otorhinolaryngology Society. The survey targeted ORLHN attending consultants, board‐certified registrars, and current residents. It consisted of three sections: the first focused on the experience of attending consultants in training LH individuals, the second investigated common maneuvers employed by rhinologists, and the third explored the experiences and impacts reported by LH trainees.ResultsThe study included 174 participants, and found a 13.2% LH prevalence among them. Rhinologists showed disparities, with 50% advising trainees to stand on the left side of the bed and use their left hand for the scope, whereas the other half asked otherwise. Additionally, 94.4% of the participants had not encountered any courses specifically tailored for LH trainees. Among LH trainees, 57% and 41% reported difficulties in learning and performing side‐specific procedures such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery and endoscopic septoplasty, respectively, often attempting to switch to their nondominant hand, and feeling disadvantaged due to their laterality.ConclusionsLeft‐handedness presents challenges for both LH trainees and their trainers in surgical specialties, particularly in ORLHN, in which specific positioning and instruments are crucial to gain access to the desired surgical field. Despite these challenges, there is insufficient support for LH individuals. We recommend encouraging LH trainees to openly disclose and discuss their left‐handedness, provide them with mentors, establish standardized operating room setups and techniques, supply appropriate instruments, and demonstrate flexibility in accommodating their needs.Level of evidenceLevel 5.
Nanostructured Biopolymer‐Based Constructs for Cartilage Regeneration: Fabrication Techniques and Perspectives
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Satapathy Bhabani K. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe essential functions of cartilage, such as shock absorption and resilience, are hindered by its limited regenerative capacity. Although current therapies alleviate symptoms, novel strategies for cartilage regeneration are desperately needed. Recent developments in three‐dimensional (3D) constructs aim to address this challenge by mimicking the intrinsic characteristics of native cartilage using biocompatible materials, with a significant emphasis on both functionality and stability. Through fabrication methods such as 3D printing and electrospinning, researchers are making progress in cartilage regeneration; nevertheless, it is still very difficult to translate these advances into clinical practice. The review emphasizes the importance of integrating various fabrication techniques to create stable 3D constructs. Meticulous design and material selection are required to achieve seamless cartilage integration and durability. The review outlines the need to address these challenges and focuses on the latest developments in the production of hybrid 3D constructs based on biodegradable and biocompatible polymers. Furthermore, the review acknowledges the limitations of current research and provides perspectives on potential avenues for effectively regenerating cartilage defects in the future.
Levodopa‐Induced Dyskinesias are Frequent and Impact Quality of Life in Parkinson's Disease: A 5‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Santos‐García Diego , de Deus Teresa , Cores Carlos , Feal Painceiras Maria J. , Íñiguez Alvarado María C. , Samaniego Lucía B. , López Maside Antón , Jesús Silvia , Cosgaya Marina , García Caldentey Juan , Caballol Nuria , Legarda Ines , Hernández‐Vara Jorge , Cabo López Iria , López Manzanares Lydia , González‐Aramburu Isabel , Ávila Asunción , Gómez‐Mayordomo Víctor , Nogueira Víctor , Dotor García‐Soto Julio , Borrué‐Fernández Carmen , Solano Berta , Álvarez Sauco María , Vela Lydia , Escalante Sonia , Cubo Esther , Mendoza Zebenzui , Pareés Isabel , Sánchez Alonso Pilar , Alonso Losada Maria G. , López‐Ariztegui Nuria , Gastón Itziar , Kulisevsky Jaime , Seijo Manuel , Valero Caridad , Alonso Redondo Ruben , Buongiorno Maria Teresa , Ordás Carlos , Menéndez‐González Manuel , McAfee Darrian , Martinez‐Martin Pablo , Mir Pablo ,   COPPADIS Study Group
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLevodopa‐induced dyskinesias (LID) are frequent in Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectiveTo analyze the change in the frequency of LID over time, identify LID related factors, and characterize how LID impact on patients’ quality of life (QoL).Patients and MethodsPD patients from the 5‐year follow‐up COPPADIS cohort were included. LID were defined as a non‐zero score in the item “Time spent with dyskinesia” of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale—part IV (UPDRS‐IV). The UPDRS‐IV was applied at baseline (V0) and annually for 5 years. The 39‐item Parkinson's disease Questionnaire Summary Index (PQ‐39SI) was used to asses QoL.ResultsThe frequency of LID at V0 in 672 PD patients (62.4 ± 8.9 years old; 60.1% males) with a mean disease duration of 5.5 ± 4.3 years was 18.9% (127/672) and increased progressively to 42.6% (185/434) at 5‐year follow‐up (V5). The frequency of disabling LID, painful LID, and morning dystonia increased from 6.9%, 3.3%, and 10.6% at V0 to 17.3%, 5.5%, and 24% at V5, respectively. Significant independent factors associated with LID (P < 0.05) were a longer disease duration and time under levodopa treatment, a higher dose of levodopa, a lower weight and dose of dopamine agonist, pain severity and the presence of motor fluctuations. LID at V0 (β = 0.073; P = 0.027; R2 = 0.62) and to develop disabling LID at V5 (β = 0.088; P = 0.009; R2 = 0.73) were independently associated with a higher score on the PDQ‐39SI.ConclusionLID are frequent in PD patients. A higher dose of levodopa and lower weight were factors associated to LID. LID significantly impact QoL.
High spatiotemporal resolution scintillation imaging of pulsed pencil beam scanning proton beams produced by a gantry‐mounted synchrocyclotron
Authors: Goddu S. Murty , Hao Yao , Ji Zhen , Setianegara Jufri , Liu Fengwei , Green Winter , Sobotka Lee G. , Zhao Tianyu , Perkins Stephanie , Darafsheh Arash 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundA dosimeter with high spatial and temporal resolution would be of significant interest for pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton beams’ characterization, especially when facing small fields and beams with high temporal dynamics. Optical imaging of scintillators has potential in providing sub‐millimeter spatial resolution with pulse‐by‐pulse basis temporal resolution when the imaging system is capable of operating in synchrony with the beam‐producing accelerator.PurposeWe demonstrate the feasibility of imaging PBS proton beams as they pass through a plastic scintillator detector to simultaneously obtain multiple beam parameters, including proton range, pencil beam's widths at different depths, spot's size, and spot's position on a pulse‐by‐pulse basis with sub‐millimeter resolution.Materials and methodsA PBS synchrocyclotron was used for proton irradiation. A BC‐408 plastic scintillator block with 30 × 30 × 5 cm3 size, and another block with 30 × 30 × 0.5 cm3 size, positioned in an optically sealed housing, were used sequentially to measure the proton range, and spot size/location, respectively. A high‐speed complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) camera system synchronized with the accelerator's pulses through a gating module was used for imaging. Scintillation images, captured with the camera directly facing the 5‐cm‐thick scintillator, were corrected for background (BG), and ionization quenching of the scintillator to obtain the proton range. Spots’ position and size were obtained from scintillation images of the 0.5‐cm‐thick scintillator when a 45° mirror was used to reflect the scintillation light toward the camera.ResultsScintillation images with 0.16 mm/pixel resolution corresponding to all proton pulses were captured. Pulse‐by‐pulse analysis showed that variations of the range, spots’ position, and size were within ± 0.2% standard deviation of their average values. The absolute ranges were within ± 1 mm of their expected values. The average spot‐positions were mostly within ± 0.8 mm and spots’ sigma agreed within 0.2 mm of the expected values.ConclusionScintillation‐imaging PBS beams with high‐spatiotemporal resolution is feasible and may help in efficient and cost‐effective acceptance testing and commissioning of existing and even emerging technologies such as FLASH, grid, mini‐beams, and so forth.
Symptoms, concerns, and experiences of women living with and beyond breast cancer in Africa: A mixed‐methods systematic review
Authors: Asuquo Eme O. , Absolom Kate , Ebenso Bassey , Allsop Mathew J. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveA mixed‐methods systematic review to determine reported symptoms, concerns, and experiences of women living with and beyond breast cancer in Africa.MethodsLiterature searches were conducted in Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Global Health, Web of Science, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. Quantitative and qualitative studies that comprised study populations of women with breast cancer from countries in Africa, detailing symptoms, concerns, and experiences of living with and beyond breast cancer were included. Inductive framework analysis was applied to organise existing literature with the Adversity, Restoration, and Compatibility framework and quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.ResultsIn total, 48 studies were included, comprising quantitative (n = 24), qualitative (n = 23) and mixed method (n = 1) studies. Women reported multiple complex and burdensome symptoms at all stages of the breast cancer disease trajectory. Multiple pervasive factors influencing participants' experiences included a lack of cancer knowledge, being removed from decision‐making, religion, and the presence and use of traditional medicines. Literature relating to benefit finding, understanding identity for the future, and broader perspectives of well‐being was absent.ConclusionsThis review contributes insights and mapping of symptoms, concerns, and experiences of women with breast cancer in Africa. There is a great necessity to increase an understanding of the needs and experiences of women with breast cancer in Africa following cancer treatment, stages of remission, and longer‐term monitoring and follow‐up. This is required to ensure access to prompt and timely clinical and individualized supportive care for women with breast cancer in Africa.
Exploring the influence of additives on the ignition, combustion and quenching of electrically controlled solid propellants
Authors: Whalen Sean , Sellards Emily , Gobin Bradley , Young Gregory 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe influence of additives on the decomposition and combustion characteristics of electrically controlled solid propellants was investigated through small scale experiments. Carbon black and aluminum additives were explored in a polyethylene oxide, lithium perchlorate propellant. Additives were used to improve the voltage response and their impact on ignition and combustion was characterized. The data showed that conductive additives can mitigate the loss of solid phase conductivity through solvent evaporation and that ignition delay decreases with higher voltage and solid phase conductivity. Steady‐state combustion experiments showed that electrical decomposition of the propellants proceeded more rapidly than a purely thermal stimulus illustrating the importance of electrochemistry in ECSP combustion. The combined effects of pressure and voltage on combustion rates were summarized in Saint‐Robert's burn relations. The regression rates increased with both applied voltage and pressure. The pressure deflagration limit of propellants with the carbon black additive was significantly reduced compared to a neat PEO/LP propellant, whereas the addition of 10 % aluminum did not affect the pressure deflagration limit.