bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorescent Labeling of Biomolecules with Organic Probes
Authors: Goncalves M. Sameiro T. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
The enantiomeric composition of linalool and linalool oxide in the flowers of kiwifruit (Actinidia) species
Authors: Matich Adam J. , Bunn Barry J. , Hunt Martin B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractA survey of linalool enantiomers in kiwifruit (Actinidia) flowers was conducted to determine their potential as sources of these valuable floral fragrances, and revealed a wide range of enantiomeric ratios. While flowers of A. polygama and A. chrysantha contained almost exclusively one enantiomer, most species contained significant amounts of both (R) and (S) isomers. In some species enantiomeric ratios of floral linalool differed between genotypes, full siblings, and in one case clones, and ratios changed from year to year as well as diurnally. Enantioselective biosynthesis of the linalool‐derived furanoid and pyranoid linalool oxides was examined in flowers of an A. chrysantha and an A. polygama genotype. The flowers of both species produced almost exclusively (S)‐linalool. A. chrysantha flowers incubated with rac‐d5‐linalool preferentially processed the (S)‐isomer through to the linalool oxides. However, the A. polygama flowers were less discriminatory in their use of rac‐d5‐linalool and processed significant quantities of d5‐(R)‐linalool as well. Chirality, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carcinoid Heart Disease
Authors: Franzen Damian , Boldt Andree , Raute‐Kreinsen Ute , Koerfer Reiner , Erdmann Erland 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn a 56‐year‐old lady, a carcinoid tumor of the terminal ileum metastasized to regional lymph nodes, and the liver was removed by hemicolectomy in 2002. Following a history of cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, and bronchoconstriction 3 years later, a somatostatin therapy was instituted. As flushing and diarrhea resolved and levels of urinary excretion of 5‐hydoxyindoleacetic acid decreased, shortness of breath was progressive and prompted a cardiac exam. Despite poor resolution, echocardiography revealed a thickening of the tricuspid valves (TK) with reduced mobility along with right atrial (RA) and right ventricular (RV) dilatation. The pulmonary valve was unobtrusive. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed extensive fibrous tissue extending from the valvular base to the tip of the tricuspid leaflets. Retraction and immobilization of the TK caused a mild stenosis and a large regurgitant flow. Because medical treatment of tricuspid regurgitation was ineffective, the TK was excised and a Hancock 25‐mm bioprosthetic valve was implanted. The postoperative course was uncomplicated, and the patient recuperated and resumed normal daily activities. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Clinical Manifestation of Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Patients
Authors: Goch Aleksander , Misiewicz Paweł , Rysz Jacek , Banach Maciej 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBackground and HypothesisThe study aimed to compare the clinical picture and treatment differences in elderly patients (aged 75 years or older) and younger patients (aged below 75 years).MethodsThe study included 80 consecutive patients with myocardial infarction (MI) treated in the Cardiology Ward of the Specialist Hospital in Radom, Poland, in 2005. Analyses were performed retrospectively. The patients were separated into 2 groups according to age. The group I study group consisted of 40 patients aged 75 or over (aged 75–95; mean 81 years) and the group II control group consisted of 40 patients aged below 75 years (aged 42–67; mean 60 years).ResultsIn the elderly, as compared with younger subjects, dyspnea, fatigue, and other heart failure symptoms, were more frequently the first symptoms of MI than typical chest pain (p<0.05). ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) was also more common (p<0.05). Non‐ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) was more frequently diagnosed in the elderly (p<0.05). In elderly patients there were more women (p<0.05), more patients with previously diagnosed ischemic heart disease (p<0.05), with hypertension (p<0.05), and with diabetes mellitus (p<0.05). Obesity was less frequently diagnosed in the elderly; however the difference was not statistically significant. Dyslipidemia and cigarette smoking were both significantly less common among elderly patients (p<0.05). The elderly were significantly less frequently revascularized (p<0.05). Both fibrinolysis and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were less commonly applied to the elderly (p<0.05). Time from symptom onset to hospital admission was significantly longer in the case of elderly patients (p<0.05). The MI complications and side effects of treatment seemed to be more frequent in the elderly, but only post‐MI heart failure was observed more frequently in this group of patients (p<0.05).ConclusionsOur observations confirm the differences in the clinical picture of MI in the elderly as described previously. All patients of advanced age should be considered as having the highest risk of death and complications occurrence. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Clinical and Angiographic Features of Small Vessel Stenting in the Drug‐Eluting Stent Era
Authors: Jabara Refat , Gradman Marc , Chen Jack P. , King III Spencer B. , Gadesam Radhika , Chronos Nicolas A. F. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractHypothesisThis study was designed to investigate the clinical and angiographic features and procedural outcomes of small‐vessel stenting in a real‐world experience during the transition era between drug‐eluting stents (DES) and bare‐metal stents (BMS).MethodsUsing one of the largest single‐institutional cohorts, this study evaluated all patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) from 2002 through 2005. Analysis was restricted to patients receiving a single stent or undergoing balloon‐only angioplasty in a single anatomic site. Small‐vessel stents (SVS) were defined as 2.00 to 2.75 mm and large‐vessel stents (LVS) as 3.00 to 4.00 mm in diameter.ResultsA total of 19 580 stents were placed in 10 396 patients. Of 6208 patients fulfilling inclusion criteria, 1630 (26.3%) received SVS, and 4578 (73.7%) received LVS. The SVS group had more female (35.5% vs 26.3%, P < .001) and diabetic patients (27.9% vs 24.2%, P < .003) than the LVS group. Compared with LVS, SVS lesions were shorter (14.5 ± 5.8 mm vs 15.7 ± 6.4 mm, P < .0001) and more complex (66% vs 53% class B2/C lesions, P = .041). Indicators of procedural difficulty, including greater contrast volume, number of devices, total inflation time, and fluoroscopy time, were more commonly observed in the SVS group. After adjustment for confounding factors, the incidence of small treatment vessel diameter was significantly higher among the DES vs the BMS group (odds ratio [OR]: = 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.56–2.36).ConclusionsIn addition to identifying distinct patient, lesion, and procedural performance characteristics, our study, one of the largest single‐center experiences in small‐vessel PCI, suggests that the availability of DES substantially increased the use of SVS, as opposed to balloon‐only angioplasty, in this anatomically challenging setting. Copyright © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Myofibrillogenesis in skeletal muscle cells in zebrafish
Authors: Sanger Joseph W. , Wang Jushuo , Holloway Beth , Du Aiping , Sanger Jean M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe “premyofibril” model of myofibrillogenesis, based on observations in cultured avian muscle cells, proposes that mature myofibrils are preceded by two intermediary structures: premyofibrils and nascent myofibrils. To determine if this model applies to zebrafish skeletal muscle development, we stained developing embryos with antibodies to sarcomeric alpha‐actinin and myosin II. In the youngest muscle cells, sarcomeric alpha‐actinin and non‐muscle myosin II were each localized in linear arrays of small bands that resembled the premyofibrils in avian myocytes. The distribution of muscle‐specific myosin II began as scattered short filaments followed in time by overlapping bundles of filaments and organized A‐bands in the older somites. Alpha‐actinin organization changed from small z‐bodies to beaded Z‐bands and ordered Z‐bands in myofibrils that extended the length of the elongating somites. In older somites with mature myofibrils, premyofibrils were also present at the ends of the mature myofibrils, suggesting that as the cells and somites grew longer, premyofibrils were involved in the elongation of existing mature myofibrils. Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching showed that the exchange of proteins (actin, alpha‐actinin, FATZ, myotilin and telethonin) between sarcoplasm and the Z‐bands of mature myofibrils in zebrafish resembled that seen for the same proteins in cultured avian myotubes, suggesting that myofibril assembly and maintenance in zebrafish share common properties with avian muscle. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HA‐tagging of putative flagellar proteins in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii identifies a novel protein of intraflagellar transport complex B
Authors: Lechtreck Karl‐Ferdinand , Luro Scott , Awata Junya , Witman George B. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractProteomic analysis of flagella from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has identified over 600 putative flagellar proteins. The genes encoding nine of these not previously characterized plus the previously described PACRG protein were cloned, inserted into a vector adding a triple‐HA tag to the C‐terminus of the gene product, and transformed into C. reinhardtii. Expression was confirmed by western blotting. Indirect immunofluorescence located all 10 fusion proteins in the flagellum; PACRG was localized to a subset of outer doublet microtubules. For some proteins, additional signal was observed in the cell body. Among the latter was FAP232‐HA, which showed a spotted distribution along the flagella and an accumulation at the basal bodies. This pattern is characteristic for intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins. FAP232‐HA co‐localized with the IFT protein IFT46 and co‐sedimented with IFT particles in sucrose gradients. Furthermore, it co‐immunoprecipitated with IFT complex B protein IFT46, but not with IFT complex A protein IFT139. We conclude that FAP232 is a novel component of IFT complex B and rename it IFT25. Homologues of IFT25 are encoded in the genomes of a subset of organisms that assemble cilia or flagella; C. reinhardtii IFT25 is 37% identical to the corresponding human protein. Genes encoding IFT25 homologues are absent from the genomes of organisms that lack cilia and flagella and, interestingly, also from those of Drosophila melanogaster and Caenorhabditis elegans, suggesting that IFT25 has a specialized role in IFT that is not required for the assembly of cilia or flagella in the worm and fly. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluating the accuracy and impact of registration in dynamic contrast‐enhanced breast MRI
Authors: Hill Andrew , Mehnert Andrew , Crozier Stuart , McMahon Kerry 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis article presents a quantitative evaluation framework—incorporating a novel heterogeneous biomechanical model—for objectively comparing the accuracy of registration algorithms in dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI of the breast; an evaluation of several algorithms using this framework; and several clinical examples where accurate registration significantly changes the shape of the enhancement curves associated with suspicious regions of interest (ROIs) identified by a radiologist. The experimental results demonstrate: (i) the efficacy of the evaluation framework; (ii) that a good registration algorithm can accurately recover the shapes of voxel enhancement curves from breast DCE‐MRI data containing motion; (iii) that motion of as little as 1 mm can significantly change the shape of the mean enhancement curve for an ROI; and (iv) that accurate registration can significantly change the shape of enhancement curves estimated for small and large ROIs even when there is little or no visible evidence of motion. This suggests that all DCE‐MRI breast data should be spatially aligned using a nonrigid registration algorithm before the analysis of contrast enhancement. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 106–120, 2009
Magnetic resonance imaging with composite (dual) gradients
Authors: Parker Dennis L. , Goodrich K. Craig , Hadley J. Rock , Kim Seong‐Eun , Moon Sung M. , Chronik Blaine A. , Fontius Ulrich , Schmitt Franz 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThe tradeoff between gradient performance factors, size of the imaging region, and physiological factors such as nerve stimulation typically leads to compromises in gradient design and ultimately suboptimal imaging performance. Local gradient systems can add some performance flexibility, but are cumbersome to set up and remove. In nearly all conventional MRI systems, the use of local gradients precludes the use of the more homogeneous whole body gradients. This article presents the concept of dynamically selectable composite gradient systems where local gradients and whole body gradients can be selected independently and simultaneously. The relative performance of whole body, insert, and composite gradients is predicted for echoplanar, turbo spin echo, and steady state free precession. A realization of the concept is presented. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 89–97, 2009
An independent multichannel imaging research system for ultrashort echo time imaging on clinical MR systems
Authors: Paley Martyn N.J. , Kryukov Eugeny , Lamperth Michael , Young Ian R. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractMost clinical magnetic resonance systems do not have access to ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging. The aim of this project was to develop a fully independent imaging insert for clinical MR systems to provide this new research application without disturbing routine operation. The initial clinical target for the system was improved orthopedic upper limb imaging using ultrashort repeat and echo time acquisitions. Echo times as short as TE = 80 μs were attained for standard 2DFT gradient echo sequences and TE = 25 μs for asymmetrically sampled radial acquisitions using the 160 mm inside diameter symmetrical cylindrical insert gradient set. The spectrometer was able to acquire 32 channels simultaneously with 14 bit resolution at up to 2.5 MS/s and had broadband operation from 250 kHz up to 200 MHz. Only eight active RF channels were constructed and used for this study. Acoustic noise with the insert coil was up to 30 dbA quieter than a whole body gradient system operating at the same gradient strength. The insert provides a useful method of performing UTE imaging using a standard clinical MRI system with no disturbance to normal operation. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 80–88, 2009
A rapidly rotating RF coil for MRI
Authors: Trakic Adnan , Li Bing Keong , Weber Ewald , Wang Hua , Wilson Stephen , Crozier Stuart 
Published: April 2009

AbstractThis article introduces a new concept for spin excitation and signal acquisition in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using rapid rotation of a single radiofrequency (RF) coil about a sample. A rotating RF coil system was constructed for 2 and 4.7 Tesla imaging. The acquired images of biological specimens were comparable to those of a conventional RF coil system. This approach may obviate the need for multiple channels and intricate RF decoupling of many coils, which impede the progress of multichannel array technology. It is hoped that hardware advantages of coil rotation and the additional parameter of rotational velocity will initiate advances in MRI through the development of new sequences and methods. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 59–66, 2009
Double spiral array coil design for enhanced 3D parallel MRI at 1.5 Tesla
Authors: Mueller Matthias F. , Blaimer Martin , Breuer Felix , Lanz Titus , Webb Andrew , Griswold Mark , Jakob Peter 
Published: April 2009

AbstractIn this study, an alternative volume array coil design for MR head imaging is presented. Superior to standard arrays, it provides smooth sensitivity variations in all three spatial dimensions. This is realized in form of a double‐spiral phased‐array coil, which consists of a +π twisted inner and a –π twisted outer array stacked together. This geometrical arrangement provides sufficient isolation between both single‐spiral arrays allowing sufficient channel isolation. In this work, simulation results of the double‐spiral conductor structure are presented demonstrating the smooth sensitivity variation in all three spatial dimensions. In addition, a prototype 6‐channel double‐spiral volume array coil was built improving the encoding capabilities of the chosen geometry in all dimensions by in vivo 3D MP‐RAGE imaging studies. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 35B: 67–79, 2009
Actinic keratoses
Authors: Criscione Vincent D. , Weinstock Martin A. , Naylor Mark F. , Luque Claudia , Eide Melody J. , Bingham Stephen F. ,   for the Department of Veteran Affairs Topical Tretinoin Chemoprevention Trial Group
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Actinic keratoses (AKs) are established as direct precursors of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), but there is significant controversy regarding the rate at which AKs progress to SCC. The authors of this report studied a high‐risk population to estimate the risk of progression of AK to SCC and to basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and the risk of spontaneous regression of untreated AKs.METHODS:Data were obtained from participants in the Department of Veterans Affairs Topical Tretinoin Chemoprevention Trial. Participants were examined every 6 months for up to 6 years. At each examination, the locations on the face and ears of clinically diagnosed AKs and lesions scheduled for biopsy were marked, and high‐resolution digital photographs were taken. These photographs were used later to map and track the presence, absence, or biopsy of each AK across visits.RESULTS:In total, 7784 AKs were identified on the face and ears of 169 participants. The risk of progression of AK to primary SCC (invasive or in situ) was 0.60% at 1 year and 2.57% at 4 years. Approximately 65% of all primary SCCs and 36% of all primary BCCs diagnosed in the study cohort arose in lesions that previously were diagnosed clinically as AKs. The majority of AKs (55%) that were followed clinically were not present at the 1‐year follow‐up, and the majority (70%) were not present at the 5‐year follow‐up.CONCLUSIONS:In the current study, the authors quantified the malignant potential of clinically diagnosed AKs for both SCC and BCC, although many did not persist, and the results suggested that AKs may play a greater role in the overall burden of keratinocyte carcinomas than previously documented. Cancer 2009. Published 2009 by the American Cancer Society.
Osteosarcoma of the jaw/craniofacial region
Authors: Guadagnolo B. Ashleigh , Zagars Gunar K. , Raymond A. Kevin , Benjamin Robert S. , Sturgis Erich M. 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The current study was performed to evaluate outcomes in patients with osteosarcoma of the head and neck (OHN) who were treated with surgery with or without radiotherapy (RT).METHODS:Between 1960 and 2007, 119 patients with OHN underwent macroscopic total resection with or without RT. The median age of the patients was 33 years (range, 7‐77 years). Of these 119 patients 92 (77%) underwent surgery alone whereas 27 (23%) patients were treated with combined modality treatment (CMT) comprised of surgery and RT (median dose, 60 Gray [Gy]; range, 50‐66 Gy).RESULTS:The median follow‐up was 5.8 years. Overall survival (OS) rates at 5 years and 10 years were 63% and 55%, respectively. Corresponding disease‒specific survival (DSS) rates were 67% and 61%, respectively. Stratified analysis by resection margin status demonstrated that CMT compared with surgery alone improved OS (80% vs 31%;P= .02) and DSS (80% vs 35%;P= .02) for patients with positive/uncertain resection margins. Multivariate analysis indicated that CMT for patients with positive/uncertain resection margins improved OS (P< .0001). A total of 44 (37%) patients experienced local disease recurrence (LR) and 25 (21%) developed distant metastases (DM). There was no difference noted with regard to DSS if disease recurrence was isolated (LR vs DM: 26% vs 29%, respectively, at 5 years;P= .48) The use of CMT versus surgery alone improved local control (LC) (75% vs 24%;P= .006) for patients with positive/uncertain resection margins. The rate of surgical complications was 28% at 5 years. The rates of RT‐associated complications were 40% and 47% at 5 years and 10 years, respectively.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the current study indicated that RT in addition to surgery improves OS, DSS, and LC for patients with OHN who have positive/uncertain resection margins. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.
Clinical features and prognostic factors in patients with bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma receiving external beam radiotherapy
Authors: He Jian , Zeng Zhao‐Chong , Tang Zhao‐You , Fan Jia , Zhou Jian , Zeng Meng‐Su , Wang Jian‐Hua , Sun Jing , Chen Bing , Yang Ping , Pan Bai‐Sheng 
Published: April 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:The current study was performed to identify clinical features and independent predictors of survival in patients with bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Patients (n = 205) with bone metastases from HCC received external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) between 1997 and 2007. Demographic variables, laboratory values, tumor characteristics, and treatment modalities were determined before EBRT. The total radiation dose ranged from 32 to 66 grays (Gy) (median, 50 Gy) and was focused on the involved bone.RESULTS:In 80 of 205 (39.0%) patients with bone metastasis from HCC, tumors were characterized by osteolytic, expansile soft‐tissue masses. Overall pain relief from EBRT occurred in 204 patients (99.5%). No consistent dose‐response relation was found for palliation of bone metastases with doses between 32 and 66 Gy (P = .068), but the retreatment rate was higher in patients with expansile soft tissue. On univariate analysis, shorter survival was associated with poorer Karnofsky performance status (KPS), higher γ‐glutamyltransferase and α‐fetoprotein levels, tumor size >5 cm, uncontrolled intrahepatic tumors, multifocal bone lesions, involvement of spinal vertebrae, extraosseous metastases, and a shorter disease‐free interval after an initial diagnosis of HCC. On multivariate analysis, pretreatment‐unfavorable predictors were associated with lower KPS, higher tumor markers, and uncontrolled intrahepatic tumor when KPS was considered. The median survival was 7.4 months.CONCLUSIONS:The results of the current study provide detailed information regarding clinical features, survival outcomes, and prognostic factors for HCC with bone metastases in a relatively large cohort of patients treated with EBRT. These prognostic factors will help in determining which dose and fraction are appropriate. Cancer 2009. © 2009 American Cancer Society.