bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dysfunction Among Secondary School Teachers in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors: Adegunloye Olushola Abejide , Makanjuola Alfred Banso , Adelekan Moruf Lanrewaju 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT

Introduction
There is an increasing emphasis on human sexuality, which may reflect cultural and scientific development in recent years.

Aim
To determine the prevalence, pattern of sexual dysfunction, and its associated factors among secondary school teachers in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.

Methods
Four hundred fifty consenting teachers were invited to complete an anonymous self administered questionnaire on demography as well as two to three other instruments for the assessment of human sexuality and general mental health status. This was thereafter collected by hand.

Main Outcome Measures
The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), a modified Sexual Activity Questionnaire (SAQ) and the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30).

Results
The following prevalence rates were found: female anorgasmia (40%), lubrication failure (30%); dyspareunia (12%); erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and male orgasmic disorder (23% each); loss of sexual desire (24%); sexual life dissatisfaction and relationship dissatisfaction 6 months prior to interview (10% each). Age was a significant factor in sexual dysfunction in males (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, and male anorgasmia), also in females (lubrication failure, superficial dyspareunia, anorgasmia). Marital status was found to be significant in relationship satisfaction, overall sexual satisfaction and presence of sexual dysfunctions whereas GHQ-30 scores were significant in sexual dysfunction in both genders, except for female anorgasmia and premature ejaculation in males. However, a presence of psychiatric “caseness” was significantly found in overall sexual life dissatisfaction as well as relationship dissatisfaction.

Conclusion
The extent and pattern of sexual dysfunctions found in this study is comparable with those reported in earlier Nigerian studies. Despite this, there is apparently no health services specially designed to address sexual dysfunction among the teacher’s group or the general population at large. This study thus draws attention to the urgent need for services geared towards alleviating sexual problems in our society.
Likely formation of general relativistic radiation pressure supported stars or ‘eternally collapsing objects’
Authors: Mitra Abhas , Glendenning Norman K. 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Hoyle & Fowler showed that there could be radiation pressure supported stars (RPSSs) even in Newtonian gravity. Much later, Mitra found that one could also conceive of their general relativistic (GR) version, ‘relativistic radiation pressure supported stars’ (RRPSSs). While RPSSs have z≪ 1, RRPSSs have z≫ 1, where z is the surface gravitational redshift. Here, we elaborate on the formation of RRPSSs during continued gravitational collapse by recalling that a contracting massive star must start trapping radiation as it enters its photon sphere. It is found that, irrespective of the details of the contraction process, the trapped radiation flux should attain the corresponding Eddington value at sufficiently large z≫ 1. This means that continued GR collapse may generate an intermediate RRPSS with z≫ 1 before a true black hole state with z=∞ is formed asymptotically. An exciting consequence of this is that the stellar mass black hole candidates, at the present epoch, should be hot balls of quark–gluon plasma, as has been discussed by Royzen in a recent article entitled ‘QCD against black holes?’.
Ability of Remnant Riparian Forests, With and Without Grass Filters, to Buffer Concentrated Surface Runoff1
Authors: Knight Kris W. , Schultz Richard C. , Mabry Cathy M. , Isenhart Thomas M. 
Published: March 2010

Knight, Kris W., Richard C. Schultz, Cathy M. Mabry, and Thomas M. Isenhart, 2010. Ability of Remnant Riparian Forests, With and Without Grass Filters, to Buffer Concentrated Surface Runoff. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(2):311‐322. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00422.xAbstract:  Riparian forest buffers established according to accepted conservation practice standards have been recommended as one of the most effective tools for mitigating nonpoint source pollution. The midwestern United States is characterized by many kilometers of narrow, naturally occurring forests along streams. However, little is known about the relative effectiveness of these remnant forests compared with these newly established buffers. This study compared the ability of naturally occurring remnant forests with and without adjacent planted grass filters to buffer concentrated flow paths (CFPs) originating in crop fields along first‐ and second‐order streams in three northeast Missouri watersheds. Remnant forests breached by runoff through CFPs were narrower than those that dispersed 100% of the CFPs. Remnant forests with adjacent grass buffers were nearly twice the width as those without grass filters. We also found that CFPs, which developed within remnant forests and at the base of in‐field grass waterways, were potential sources of sediments to streams. Methods to mitigate these CFPs warrant further investigation. Our study suggests that although these natural remnant forests provide substantial buffering capacity, both improved management and/or the addition of an adjacent grass filter would improve water quality by reducing sediment loss to streams. Inferences can be used to inform the design and management of similar conservation buffer systems within the region.
Monitoring Regional Riparian Forest Cover Change Using Stratified Sampling and Multiresolution Imagery1
Authors: Claggett Peter R. , Okay Judy A. , Stehman Stephen V. 
Published: March 2010

Claggett, Peter R., Judy A. Okay, and Stephen V. Stehman, 2010. Monitoring Regional Riparian Forest Cover Change Using Stratified Sampling and Multiresolution Imagery. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(2):334‐343. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00424.xAbstract:  The Chesapeake Bay watershed encompasses 165,760 km2 of land area with 464,098 km of rivers and streams. As part of the Chesapeake Bay restoration effort, state and federal partners have committed to restoring 26,000 miles (41,843 km) of riparian forest buffers. Monitoring trends in riparian forest buffers over large areas is necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these restoration efforts. A sampling approach for estimating change in riparian forest cover from 1993/1994 to 2005 was developed and implemented in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, to exemplify a method that could be applied throughout the Bay watershed. All stream reaches in the county were stratified using forest cover change derived from Landsat imagery. A stratified random sample of 219 reaches was selected and forest cover change within the riparian buffer of each sampled reach was interpreted from high‐resolution aerial photography. The estimated footprint of gross change in riparian forest cover (i.e., the sum of gross gain and gross loss) for the county was 1.83% (SE = 0.22%). Stratified sampling taking advantage of a priori knowledge of locations of change proved to be a practical and efficient protocol for estimating riparian forest buffer change at the county scale and the protocol would readily extend to much broader scale monitoring.
Effects of Groundwater‐Flow Paths On Nitrate Concentrations Across Two Riparian Forest Corridors1
Authors: Speiran Gary K. 
Published: March 2010

Speiran, Gary K., 2010. Effects of Groundwater‐Flow Paths on Nitrate Concentrations Across Two Riparian Forest Corridors. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 46(2):246‐260. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2010.00427.xAbstract:  Groundwater levels, apparent age, and chemistry from field sites and groundwater‐flow modeling of hypothetical aquifers collectively indicate that groundwater‐flow paths contribute to differences in nitrate concentrations across riparian corridors. At sites in Virginia (one coastal and one Piedmont), lowland forested wetlands separate upland fields from nearby surface waters (an estuary and a stream). At the coastal site, nitrate concentrations near the water table decreased from more than 10 mg/l beneath fields to 2 mg/l beneath a riparian forest buffer because recharge through the buffer forced water with concentrations greater than 5 mg/l to flow deeper beneath the buffer. Diurnal changes in groundwater levels up to 0.25 meters at the coastal site reflect flow from the water table into unsaturated soil where roots remove water and nitrate dissolved in it. Decreases in aquifer thickness caused by declines in the water table and decreases in horizontal hydraulic gradients from the uplands to the wetlands indicate that more than 95% of the groundwater discharged to the wetlands. Such discharge through organic soil can reduce nitrate concentrations by denitrification. Model simulations are consistent with field results, showing downward flow approaching toe slopes and surface waters to which groundwater discharges. These effects show the importance of buffer placement over use of fixed‐width, streamside buffers to control nitrate concentrations.
Assessment of self‐reported self‐esteem in healthy and diabetic children and adolescents in Greece
Authors: VLACHIOTI Efrosini , PETSIOS Konstantinos , BOUTOPOULOU Barbara , CHRISOSTOMOU Anthi , GALANIS Petros , MATZIOU Vasiliki 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackground:  The aim of the present study was to evaluate any possible negative effect of diabetes on the self‐esteem of children and adolescents with diabetes.Methods:  Self‐esteem was evaluated using the Culture‐Free Self‐Esteem Inventory (CFSEI‐2) in 144 patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM; 7–18 years of age) treated in a diabetes center and compared against that of 136 healthy children and adolescents.Results:  Self‐esteem was correlated with age (P = 0.017), but not with diabetes (P = 0.886). The median CFSEI‐2 score for both healthy and diabetic children was 22. There was no significant correlation between self‐esteem and sex, body mass index (BMI), physical exercise, HbA1c or parental educational level. According to Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rs), there was a significant association between age and self‐esteem (rs = −0.15). Conversely, although BMI (rs = −0.09) and treatment duration (rs = −0.107) had a slight negative effect on self‐esteem and the duration of physical exercise (rs = 0.11) and parental education (rs = 0.07) seemed to have a positive effect, the associations did not reach statistical significance.Conclusions:  Self‐esteem in diabetic children is mainly affected by their age, level of physical activity and level of family support. These findings emphasize the need to discriminate between glycemic control and diabetic adjustment.
Development of systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient with hypoparathyroidism: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: SAHEBARI Maryam , AFKHAMIZADEH Mojgan , HASHEMZADEH Kamila , PEZESHKI RAD Masoud 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease in which organs undergo damage. Hypoparathyroidism is a rare disease, which presents in two forms: hereditary and acquired. Cases of hypoparathyroidism and SLE rarely co‐exist. Only six cases have been reported; five of them first presented with lupus and then hypoparathyroidism or simultaneously. We present here developing lupus disease in a woman who had idiopathic hypoparathyroidism. According to increasing data about the autoimmune origin of idiopathic hypoparathyroidism, these case reports suggest that there may be an autoimmune process linking these diseases.
Problem Department
Authors: Willerding Margaret F. 
Published: March 2010

This department aims to provide problems of varying degrees of difficulty which will interest anyone engaged in the study of mathematics.All readers are invited to propose problems and to solve problems here proposed. Drawings to illustrate the problems should be well done in India ink. Problems and solutions will be credited to their authors. Each solution or proposed problem sent the Editor should have the author's name introducing the problem or solution as on the following pages.The Editor of the Department desires to serve her readers by making it interesting and helpful to them. Address suggestions and problems to Margaret F. Willerding, Mathematics Dept., San Diego State University, San Diego, Calif., 92115
A Systemic Network for
Chlamydia pneumoniae
Entry into Human Cells
Authors: Wang Anyou , Johnston S. Claiborne , Chou Joyce , Dean Deborah 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT

Bacterial entry is a multistep process triggering a complex network, yet the molecular complexity of this network remains largely unsolved. By employing a systems biology approach, we reveal a systemic bacterial-entry network initiated by
Chlamydia pneumoniae
, a widespread opportunistic pathogen. The network consists of nine functional modules (i.e., groups of proteins) associated with various cellular functions, including receptor systems, cell adhesion, transcription, and endocytosis. The peak levels of gene expression for these modules change rapidly during
C. pneumoniae
entry, with cell adhesion occurring at 5 min postinfection, receptor and actin activity at 25 min, and endocytosis at 2 h. A total of six membrane proteins (chemokine C-X-C motif receptor 7 [CXCR7], integrin beta 2 [ITGB2], platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide [PDGFB], vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 [VCAM1], and GTP binding protein overexpressed in skeletal muscle [GEM]) play a key role during
C. pneumoniae
entry, but none alone is essential to prevent entry. The combination knockdown of three genes (coding for CXCR7, ITGB2, and PDGFB) significantly inhibits
C. pneumoniae
entry, but the entire network is resistant to the six-gene depletion, indicating a resilient network. Our results reveal a complex network for
C. pneumoniae
entry involving at least six key proteins.
Regulation of Aerobic and Anaerobicd-Malate Metabolism ofEscherichia coliby the LysR-Type Regulator DmlR (YeaT)
Authors: Lukas Hanna , Reimann Julia , Kim Ok Bin , Grimpo Jan , Unden Gottfried 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACTEscherichia coliK-12 is able to grow under aerobic conditions ond-malate using DctA ford-malate uptake and thed-malate dehydrogenase DmlA (formerly YeaU) for convertingd-malate to pyruvate. Induction ofdmlAencoding DmlA required an intactdmlR(formerlyyeaT) gene, which encodes DmlR, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator. Induction ofdmlAby DmlR required the presence ofd-malate orl- ormeso-tartrate, but onlyd-malate supported aerobic growth. The regulator of general C4-dicarboxylate metabolism (DcuS-DcuR two-component system) had some effect ondmlAexpression. The anaerobicl-tartrate regulator TtdR or the oxygen sensors ArcB-ArcA and FNR did not have a major effect ondmlAexpression. DmlR has a high level of sequence identity (49%) with TtdR, thel- andmeso-tartrate-specific regulator ofl-tartrate fermentation inE. coli.dmlAwas also expressed at high levels under anaerobic conditions, and the bacteria hadd-malate dehydrogenase activity. These bacteria, however, were not able to grow ond-malate since the anaerobic pathway ford-malate degradation has a predicted yield of ≤0 ATP/mold-malate. Slow anaerobic growth ond-malate was observed when glycerol was also provided as an electron donor, andd-malate was used in fumarate respiration. The expression ofdmlRis subject to negative autoregulation. The network for regulation and coordination of the central and peripheral pathways for C4-dicarboxylate metabolism by the regulators DcuS-DcuR, DmlR, and TtdR is discussed.
Global Warming Will Bring New Fungal Diseases for Mammals
Authors: Garcia-Solache Monica A. , Casadevall Arturo 
Published: March 2010

ABSTRACT
Fungi are major pathogens of plants, other fungi, rotifers, insects, and amphibians, but relatively few cause disease in mammals. Fungi became important human pathogens only in the late 20th century, primarily in hosts with impaired immunity as a consequence of medical interventions or HIV infection. The relatively high resistance of mammals has been attributed to a combination of a complex immune system and endothermy. Mammals maintain high body temperatures relative to environmental temperatures, creating a thermally restrictive ambient for the majority of fungi. According to this view, protection given by endothermy requires a temperature gradient between those of mammals and the environment. We hypothesize that global warming will increase the prevalence of fungal diseases in mammals by two mechanisms: (i) increasing the geographic range of currently pathogenic species and (ii) selecting for adaptive thermotolerance for species with significant pathogenic potential but currently not pathogenic by virtue of being restricted by mammalian temperatures.
The effect of rugby shoulder padding on peak impact force attenuation
Authors: Harris D A , Spears I R 
Published: March 2010

ObjectiveThe introduction of shoulder pads has coincided with a rise in shoulder impact injuries in the game of rugby. In this study, the effect of shoulder pads on impact force attenuation was quantified.DesignFour different commercially available shoulder pads were tested for material properties. Hard and soft objects were dropped from predetermined heights onto a force plate imparting peak impact forces of 500, 1000 and 1500 N. The pads were then placed on the plate and subjected to 10 repeated impacts for each pad and drop height.SettingInstitutional laboratory setting.Main outcome measurementsPeak force attenuation, expressed as the percentage reduction of peak force when compared with the no-pad condition, was calculated. Time to peak impact, expressed as the percentage increase of time to peak impact when compared with the no-pad condition, was calculated.ResultsAll pads were found to reduce peak impact force and increase time to peak impact. Results varied between 1% and 70%, depending on the drop height and properties of the impactor. The best performing pad was the thickest, and all pads were best able to attenuate force under hardobject impacts particularly for the lower loads.ConclusionAlthough several limitations exist to laboratory-based studies such as these, the inconsistencies in force attenuation were nonetheless disappointing. The pads appear to ‘‘bottom out’’ under higher-impact loads and therefore offer little protection when the athlete may need it most.
Simulation du débit de la rivière Saint-Charles, première source d’eau potable de la ville de Québec
Authors: Gaborit E. , Pelletier G. , Vanrolleghem P. A. , Anctil F. 
Published: March 2010

Sur le bassin versant de la rivière Saint-Charles, il est nécessaire de mieux gérer l’eau, d’un point de vue quantitatif et qualitatif. Or la prise de décisions peut être aidée par la modélisation hydrologique. Ce travail porte sur la mise en place du modèle semi-distribué de qualité de l’eau SWAT (« soil and water assessment tool ») sur ce bassin versant urbain et relativement montagneux, et sur l’évaluation de sa capacité à simuler les débits. Cette première approche est comparée à deux autres, reposant pour l’une sur l’utilisation du modèle hydrologique global GR4J, et pour l’autre sur l’emploi d’un réseau de neurones. La quantité d’eau issue de la fonte de la neige, calculée ici par le module de fonte de SWAT, a été renseignée à ces deux autres modèles. Ce bassin présente par ailleurs de réelles difficultés pour ce type de modélisation, liées essentiellement au manque de données : quasi-absence d’information spatiale sur les précipitations et absence d’étude pédologique détaillée. Les résultats, globalement satisfaisants, montrent toutefois que la performance hydrologique résultant des trois approches est limitée par ces manques : celle utilisant SWAT davantage que les deux autres. Dans ce cas, les lacunes ne permettent pas d’utiliser le plein potentiel du modèle SWAT, dont la structure plus lourde devient un inconvénient dès que les données sont disponibles en quantité et en qualité insuffisantes pour en justifier l’exploitation, en opposition à GR4J et au réseau de neurones. Il semble donc incontournable, considérant l’importance stratégique du bassin versant de la rivière Saint-Charles pour l’approvisionnement en eau potable et le support aux activités récréatives et touristiques, que l’effort d’observation de ce territoire soit accru, afin d’y augmenter notamment les données climatologiques et pédologiques disponibles.
Investigation of vehicle bunching at signalized arterials in Turkey
Authors: Caliskanelli S. Pelin , Tanyel Serhan 
Published: March 2010

The objective of this study is to investigate the proportion of free vehicles on signalized arterial roads near the signalization points (up to 400 m) in Turkey. Vehicle-time headway data are obtained from two different cities: four signalized intersections and five mid-block traffic signals in Izmir and four signalized intersections in Denizli. The current methods for describing the proportion of free vehicles on a road link are investigated and an exponential relationship is suggested for modeling the proportion of free vehicles. The results are considered with respect to both the lane type and the traffic volume. The characteristics of the traffic flow and proportion of free vehicles were found to be dependent on the lane type.
Tie2 Signaling Regulates Osteoclastogenesis and Osteolytic Bone Invasion of Breast Cancer
Authors: Min Yongfen , Ren Xiubao , Vaught David B. , Chen Jin , Donnelly Edwin , Lynch Conor C. , Lin P. Charles 
Published: March 2010

Abstract
Breast to bone metastasis is a common occurrence in the majority of patients with advanced breast cancer. The metastases are often incurable and are associated with bone destruction and high rates of morbidity. Understanding the underlying mechanisms of how metastatic tumor cells induce bone destruction is critically important. We previously reported that Tie2, a receptor tyrosine kinase, is significantly increased in human breast cancer tissues compared with normal and benign breast tumors and regulates tumor angiogenesis. In this study, we identify a new function of Tie2 in osteoclastogenesis and osteolytic bone invasion of breast cancer. Tie2 is present in hematopoietic stem/precursor cells. Genetic deletion of Tie2 or neutralization of Tie2 function using soluble Tie2 receptor impaired osteoclastogenesis in an embryonic stem cell differentiation assay. In contrast, deletion of Tie2 has no effect on osteoblastogenesis. As CD11b myeloid cells have the potential to become osteoclasts and Tie2 is present in a certain population of these cells, we isolated Tie2+ and Tie2− myeloid cells. We observed a significant reduction of osteoclastogenesis in Tie2− compared with Tie2+ CD11b cells. Consistently, neutralization of Tie2 activity in vivo significantly inhibited osteolytic bone invasion and tumor growth in a mammary tumor model, which correlated with a significant reduction of osteoclasts and tumor angiogenesis. Collectively, these data reveal a direct and novel role of Tie2 signaling in osteoclast differentiation. These findings identify Tie2 as a therapeutic target for controlling not only tumor angiogenesis but also osteolytic bone metastasis in breast cancer. Cancer Res; 70(7); 2819–28