bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation and numerical simulation of the incremental deformation of a 42CrMo4 steel
Authors: Shutov A. V. , Kuprin C. , Ihlemann J. , Wagner M. F.‐X. , Silbermann C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn dieser Arbeit werden die Verfestigungseigenschaften des Stahls 42CrMo4 untersucht. Die experimentelle Basis wird durch eine Reihe von Torsionsversuchen an dünnwandigen Rohrproben gebildet. Dabei werden Schubverzerrungen bis zu 160% erreicht. Der Werkstoff weist bei einer Umkehr der Belastungsrichtung einen ausgeprägten Bauschinger‐Effekt auf. Um diesen nichtlinearen Effekt adäquat zu erfassen, wird ein bereits existierendes Modell der Viskoplastizität von Shutov und Kreißig verallgemeinert. Die Verallgemeinerung besteht in der Einführung von zusätzlichen inneren Variablen sowie der Modifikation der entsprechenden Evolutionsgleichungen. Ein Teil der Experimente wird bei der Identifikation der Materialparameter verwendet. Die restlichen Experimente dienen der Validierung des erzielten Parametersatzes.In this work we analyze the strain hardening behaviour of a 42CrMo4 steel. The corresponding experimental data are obtained by a series of torsion tests on thin‐walled tubes. In certain experiments the shear strains range up to 160 percent. When the strain path is reversed, the material exhibits a distinct Bauschinger effect. In order to describe this nonlinear effect, we generalize an existing model of finite strain viscoplasticity proposed by Shutov and Kreißig. The generalization consists of the introduction of additional internal variables and of a modification of corresponding evolution equations. A subset of the experimental data is used for the identification of the material parameters. The rest of the data serves the validation of the resulting set of material parameters.
Investigation into friction coefficients of matched EN AW‐6082 specimens including qualitative reliability and applicability of bolted connections
Authors: Leidich E. , Schuller S. , Gröber D. , Lang H. , Brůžek B. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFür die Auslegung von Schraubenverbindungen und deren Zuverlässigkeit sind Reibwerte von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Eine fehlerhafte Bewertung der vorhandenen Reibbedingungen kann zum Versagen der Schraubenverbindung führen. Mögliche Versagensursachen werden unter Nutzung der Fehlerbaumanalyse (FTA – Fault Tree Analysis) diskutiert. Mittels experimenteller Reibkraftmessungen bei tangentialer Schubbeanspruchung wurden Reibwerte für unterschiedliche Oberflächenmerkmale (Rauheiten, Welligkeiten) und Fertigungsbedingungen am Beispiel der Aluminiumlegierung EN AW6082 T6 untersucht. Es werden Empfehlungen für die Festlegung von Reibwerten angegeben.The friction coefficient is an important and essential property for designing preloaded bolted connections as well as their reliability. An inaccurate quantification can cause failure of the bolted connections. Possible causes of failure are discussed by using Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Friction coefficients were determined by evaluating experimental of torsion load regarding several surfaces (roughness, waviness) and manufacturing conditions using the example of friction between 6082 T6 aluminium specimens. Recommendations for application of friction coefficients are given.
Robust servo control of a novel type 1 diabetic model
Authors: Kovács L. , Kulcsár B. , György A. , Benyó Z. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRobust servo control of a model‐based biomedical application is presented in the article. The glucose–insulin control of type 1 diabetic patients is considered to be solved using the results of post‐modern robust control principles.The paper uses a recently published glucose–insulin model and presents the transformation of the model to describe the dynamics of type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nonlinear plant is then linearized at a given steady state point. In order to characterize the uncertainty around the nominal model in frequency domain, a parametric nonlinear model sensitivity analysis is performed using gridding method. The aim of the paper is to underline the viability of the robust servo, linear µ‐control algorithm tested in highly nonlinear closed‐loop simulation environment. Using two degree‐of‐freedom robust controller, the structured singular value of the closed‐loop is designed to fulfill the robust performance requirements and assure glucose level control.Glucose level tracking is ensured under simulated and realistic exogenous meal disturbances. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wage bargaining as an optimal control problem: A dynamic version of the right‐to‐manage model
Authors: Guerrazzi Marco 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThis paper aims at representing wage bargaining as an optimal control problem. Specifically, assuming that employment follows a stock‐adjustment principle towards the stochastic level that maximizes entrepreneurs' profits, I builds an inter‐temporal optimizing model in which the real wage is continuously set by an infinitely‐lived arbitrator called in to solve the dispute between workers and employers. This theoretical proposal verifies the natural presumption about real‐wage bargaining and suggests that unions are far from having a destabilizing role but, on the contrary, they may well speed up the adjustment to equilibrium. Moreover, I show that when unions do not care about unemployed workers, static bargaining models understate wage negotiation distortions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Increase in the duration of antidepressant treatment from 1994 to 2003: a nationwide population‐based study from Finland
Authors: Sihvo Sinikka , Wahlbeck Kristian , McCallum Alison , Sevon Tiina , Arffman Martti , Haukka Jari , Keskimäki Ilmo , Hemminki Elina 
Published: September 2010

AbstractObjectiveWe examined the length and continuity of antidepressant treatment and factors associated with long‐term of treatment among adults.MethodsNationwide data from all reimbursed antidepressant prescriptions in 1994–2003 were linked with patients' data retrieved from Statistics Finland and the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register. Logistic regression models were used to analyse long term use of antidepressants.ResultsThe annual prevalence of antidepressant use increased from 3.6% in 1994 to 7.3% in 2003. Short‐term use (<3 months) decreased from 58% in 1995 to 51% in 2000 and long‐term treatment (≥12 months) increased from 18 to 21%. In 2000, 31% of treatment periods lasted ≥6 months and 24% ≥9 months. Long‐term treatment correlated to the purchase of other psychotropics, in‐patient psychiatric care, and prescription by a psychiatrist.ConclusionsTreatment periods with antidepressants have become longer over time. Clinical factors related to mental disorder severity predict long‐term use. Only a quarter had the treatment duration recommended by clinical guidelines for depression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact force of water jets in the hydroentanglement nonwoven process: Numerical simulation and experimental verification
Authors: Chen Ting , Wu Lili , Yang Xudong , Chen Ge 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe water jet flow model in the hydroentanglement nonwoven process is established and solved numerically. The impact force of water jets is calculated with aid of the model and verified with the experimental data. The numerical simulation results of the impact force coincide with the experimental data, which confirms the effectiveness of the two‐dimensional model established. Computer simulations and experiments show that higher water jet pressure, smaller water jet inclination angle, and smaller standoff distance will yield larger impact force. The results show that there is great potential for this research in field of computer‐assisted design in hydroentanglement technology and equipment. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Plastic deformation of low‐density polyethylene reinforced with biodegradable polylactide, Part 2: Creep characterization and modeling
Authors: Rezgui F. , G'Sell C. , Dahoun A. , Hiver J.M. , Sadoun T. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe behavior of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) and two blends prepared with polylactide (PLA) was determined by means of a novel video‐controlled testing method under stretching at constant true strain rate, under creep at constant true stress, and under creep at constant nominal stress. Most tests were performed at 23°C and 50°C. In this second part, the experimental data are modeled with the G'Sell‐Jonas phenomenological law expressing the axial true stress versus axial true strain and axial true strain rate. This model describes correctly the various deformation stages: (i) initial viscoelasticity, (ii) plastic yielding, and (iii) strain hardening up to rupture. It shows clearly the reinforcing effect of the PLA particles that increases the yield stress in stretching experiments and slows down the deformation kinetics under creep. It is shown how the local stress/strain behavior is related to the standard force/extension curves. Consequently, it is proposed that tensile tests at constant true strain rates should be systematically preferred to creep tests for the characterization of constitutive relations because they take much less time to be performed. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Dynamic friction property and mechanism of line‐type thermoplastic polymer materials for new optical wiring technology
Authors: Takeshita Yukitoshi , Handa Takao , Minami Hayato , Niwa Shinichi , Sugimoto Keiichiro 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe have been developing a new optical wiring technology for installing indoor optical fiber cables directly into apartment houses for fiber to the home. The technology must minimize the friction of optical fiber cable. We reviewed many studies on friction behavior, and studied the friction properties of a wide variety of polymer sheets and optical fiber cables, and considered the friction mechanism. Relatively, soft polymer materials exhibited stick‐slip behavior and the hard polymers exhibited constant slip behavior. Lubricants are effective in reducing friction and play a dominant role as regards the friction property. Silicon and fluorocarbon agents play some role in converting the stick‐slip characteristic into constant slip behavior. A certain roughness is effective in reducing friction. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2010. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers.
Biochips that sequentially capture and focus antigens for immunoaffinity MALDI‐TOF MS: A new tool for biomarker verification
Authors: Brauer Heather Ann , Lampe Paul D. , Yasui Yutaka Y. , Hamajima Nobuyuki , Stolowitz Mark L. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractA novel approach to immunoaffinity MS is described wherein antibodies are appended to a patterned gold Biochip surface. The Biochip surface is patterned with an array of concentric immunocapture zones composed of highly hydrophilic central zones surrounded by moderately hydrophilic zones that reside on a non‐wetting background, with protein attachment via electrochemically cleavable linkers. After linker cleavage, matrix application forms a discrete spot suitable for MALDI‐TOF‐MS. Use of the Biochip to purify transthyretin from human serum allowed a distinct resolution of four disulfide conjugates and one truncated form isoforms with good mass resolution and sensitivity.
On the Use of Composite Charges to Determine Insensitive Explosive Material Properties at the Laboratory Scale
Authors: Biss Matthew M. , Settles Gary S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractLaboratory‐scale air‐blast experiments an gram‐range composite explosive charges are presented. The composite charges consist of a spherical booster charge surrounded by a concentric, spherical “candidate material” shell charge. By way of composite charge explosive characterization, the candidate explosive material is able to be characterized through the “removal” of the known booster effects. Using peak shock wave pressures, a method is developed to remove the booster effects from the composite charge’s signature to yield the sole effects of the candidate explosive material, permitting its characterization. Air‐blast explosive tests are conducted using digital high‐speed shadowgraph visualization to measure the resulting shock wave radial position as a function of time. Booster and composite charge data are converted to Mach number versus shock wave radius profiles and subsequently to peak shock wave pressure versus shock wave radius profiles for characterization of the shell material. Explosives tested include: PETN, RDX, HMX, and Alliant Bullseye® SP.
Predicting memapsin 2 (β‐secretase) hydrolytic activity
Authors: Li Xiaoman , Bo Huang , Zhang Xuejun C. , Hartsuck Jean A. , Tang Jordan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMemapsin 2 (BACE1, β‐secretase), a membrane aspartic protease, functions in the cleavage of brain β‐amyloid precursor protein (APP) leading to the production of β‐amyloid. Because the excess level of β‐amyloid in the brain is a leading factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD), memapsin 2 is a major therapeutic target for inhibitor drugs. The substrate‐binding cleft of memapsin 2 accommodates 12 subsite residues, from P8 to P4′. We have determined the hydrolytic preference as relative kcat/KM (preference constant) in all 12 subsites and used these data to establish a predictive algorithm for substrate hydrolytic efficiency. Using the sequences from 12 reported memapsin 2 protein substrates, the predicted and experimentally determined preference constants have an excellent correlation coefficient of 0.97. The predictive model indicates that the hydrolytic preference of memapsin 2 is determined mainly by the interaction with six subsites (from P4 to P2′), a conclusion supported by the crystal structure B‐factors calculated for the various residues of transition‐state analogs bound to different memapsin 2 subsites. The algorithm also predicted that the replacement of the P3, P2, and P1 subsites of APP from Val, Lys, and Met, respectively, to Ile, Asp, and Phe, respectively, (APPIDF) would result in a highest hydrolytic rate for β‐amyloid‐generating APP variants. Because more β‐amyloid was produced from cells expressing APPIDF than those expressing APP with Swedish mutations, this designed APP variant may be useful in new memapsin 2 substrates or transgenic mice for AD studies.
Phenotypic effects of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome‐associated mutation on the FnIII domain of tenascin‐X
Authors: Zhuang Shulin , Linhananta Apichart , Li Hongbin 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTenascin‐X (TNX) is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein and interacts with a wide variety of molecules in the ECM as well as on the membrane. Deficiency of TNX causes a recessive form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS) characterized by hyperelastic and fragile skin, easy bruising, and hypermobile joints. Three point mutations in TNX gene were found to be associated with hypermobility type EDS and one of such mutations is the V1195M mutation at the 7th fibronectin Type III domain (TNXfn7). To help elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism connecting this mutation to EDS, here we combined homology modeling, chemical denaturation, single molecule atomic force microscopy, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques to investigate the phenotypic effects of V1195M on TNXfn7. We found that the V1195M mutation does not alter the three‐dimensional structure of TNXfn7 and had only mild destabilization effects on the thermodynamic and mechanical stability of TNXfn7. However, MD simulations revealed that the mutation V1195M significantly alters the flexibility of the C′E loop of TNXfn7. As loops play important roles in protein–protein and protein–ligand interactions, we hypothesize that the decreased loop flexibility by V1195M mutation may affect the binding of TNX to ECM molecules and thus adversely affect collagen deposition and fibrillogenesis. Our results may provide new insights in understanding the molecular basis for the pathogenesis of V1195M‐resulted EDS.
Modeling and predicting interactions between the human amphiphysin SH3 domains and their peptide ligands based on amino acid information
Authors: Cai Jianfeng , Ou Rongying , Xu Yun‐Sheng , Yang Li , Lin Zhihua , Shu Mao 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this paper, VHESH, which was a novel set of amino acid descriptors including hydrophobic, electronic, steric, and hydrogen bond contribution properties, were proposed to characterize the structures of the decapeptides binding the human amphiphysin‐1 Src homology 3 (SH3) domains, and QSAR model was constructed by partial least square (PLS) with genetic algorithm‐variable selection. It was found that diversified properties of the residues between P2 and P−3 (including P2 and P−3) of the decapeptide (P4P3P2P1P0P−1P−2P−3P−4P−5) may contribute remarkable effect to the interactions between the SH3 domain and decapeptides. Particularly, hydrogen bond and steric properties of P2 and electronic properties, steric properties of P−3 may provide relatively large positive contributions to the interactions. Based on the GA‐PLS model, a series of decapeptides, with relatively high binding affinities were designed. These results showed that VHESH descriptors can well represent the decapeptides. Furthermore, the model obtained, which showed low computational complexity, correlated VHESH descriptors with the binding affinities as well as that VHESH may also be applied in QSAR studies of peptides. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Peptide hormone isoforms:N‐terminally branched PYY3–36 isoforms give improved lipid and fat‐cell metabolism in diet‐induced obese mice
Authors: Pedersen Søren L. , Sasikumar Pottayil G. , Chelur Shekar , Holst Birgitte , Artmann Andreas , Jensen Knud J. , Vrang Niels 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe prevalence of obesity is increasing with an alarming rate worldwide and there is a need for efficacious satiety drugs. PYY3–36 has been shown to play a role in hypothalamic appetite regulation and novel analogs targeting the Y2 receptor have potential as drugs for the treatment of obesity. We have designed a series of novel PYY3–36 isoforms, by first adding the dipeptide Ile–LysN‐terminal to theNαof Ser‐13 in PYY13–36 and then anchoring theN‐terminal segment, e.g. PYY3–12, to the new LysNε‐amine. We hypothesized that such modifications would alter the folding of PYY, due to changes in the turn motif, which could change the binding mode to the Y receptor sub‐types and possibly also alter metabolic stability. In structure‐affinity/activity relationship experiments, one series of PYY isoforms displayed equipotency towards the Y receptors. However, an increased Y2 receptor potency for the second series of PYY isoforms resulted in enhanced Y receptor selectivity compared to PYY3–36. Additionally, acute as well as chronic mice studies showed body‐weight‐lowering effects for one of the PYY isoforms, which was also reflected in a reduction of circulating leptin levels. Interestingly, while the stability and pharmacokinetic profile of PYY3–36 and theN‐terminally modified PYY3–36 analogue were identical, only mice treated with the branched analogue showed marked increases in adiponectin levels as well as reductions in non‐esterified free fatty acids and triglycerides. Copyright © 2010 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Raman spectroscopy of individual and bundled double wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Puech Pascal , Nanot Sébastien , Raquet Bertrand , Broto Jean‐Marc , Millot Marius , Anwar Abdul Waheed , Flahaut Emmanuel , Bacsa Wolfgang 
Published: September 2010

AbstractRaman spectra of individual double wall carbon nanotubes(DWs) on silica show a splitting of the G band due to contributions of the inner and outer tube when using a excitation energy in resonance with the inner metallic tube and outer semiconducting tube. The spectral splitting indicates strong coupling while a previous report [Nanoletters 8, 3879 (2008)] shows uncoupled inner and outer tubes. The spectral line widths are comparable to what has been observed for individual single wall carbon nanotubes (SWs) or graphene. The spectral position of the inner tube is consistent with previous extrapolations from measurements under high pressure and on chemically doped double wall tubes. Bundling of DWs leads to heterogeneous increase of the G band line width. Increased laser power shifts the G band of the outer tube to higher energies and modifies its line shape.
Toward saturable absorbers for solid state lasers in form of holey fibers filled with single‐wall carbon nanotubes
Authors: Obraztsova E. D. , Tausenev A. V. , Chernov A. I. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractSaturable absorbers in form of different media (liquids, polymers) with embedded single‐wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) already have shown their efficiency in formation of sub‐picosecond pulses in solid state lasers. One of the main limitations is a thermal degradation of such elements in a powerful laser beam. For fiber lasers the best solution would be to get a piece of fiber containing the distributed nanotubes in the core. Unfortunately the fiber treatment temperatures (exceeding 1000 °C in air) are destructive for carbon nanotubes. In this work, we demonstrate a saturable absorber formed via a room temperature filling of the holey fiber with an aqueous SWNT suspension, followed by drying. The evanescent field of the light propagating in the fiber interacts with the thin SWNT films deposited onto the walls of holes. The number of holes can be varied.Thus, we have realized the all‐fiber SWNT saturable absorber. A mode locking regime with the sub‐picosecond output pulses has been realized with this absorber in Er fiber laser.magnified imageA cross section of the holey fiber filled with single‐wall carbon nanotubes.
Characterization of group II hafnates and zirconates for metal–insulator–metal capacitors
Authors: Lupina Grzegorz , Seifarth Olaf , Dudek Piotr , Kozlowski Grzegorz , Dabrowski Jarek , Thieme Hans‐Jürgen , Lippert Gunther , Schroeder Thomas , Müssig Hans‐Joachim 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThin layers of SrHfO3, BaHfO3 and BaZrO3 are deposited onto TiN substrates and investigated in view of memory capacitor applications. The as deposited layers are amorphous and show dielectric constants of about 20. Rapid thermal annealing induces crystallization in the cubic perovskite phase and results in an increase of the dielectric constant up to 45. A combination of X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and photoemission spectroscopy measurements reports high electronic band gap values comparable with that of reference HfO2 layers.