bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hearing assessment in Menière's disease
Authors: Belinchon Antonio , Perez‐ Garrigues Herminio , Tenias Jose Maria , Lopez Alberto 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives:To investigate the level of hearing loss and the configuration of the mean audiometric curve over the course of Menière's disease, correcting the data according to patient age.Study Design:A retrospective study of 3,963 hearing tests.Methods:Descriptive, longitudinal study of pure‐tone audiometries of 237 patients at a tertiary hospital who had been diagnosed with definitive Menière's disease according to the American Academy of Otorhinolaryngology criteria. All audiometric results were age‐corrected, and patients were followed for 1 to 31 years. In patients who had undergone surgery, only the data collected before the operation were assessed.Results:In patients with unilateral disease, the mean hearing loss was characteristically low frequency, even in very advanced stages of the disease. Hearing loss was accentuated at 5 and 15 years from onset. In bilateral cases, hearing loss was slightly more severe and the average loss produced a flatter audiometric curve than in unilateral cases.Conclusions:In Menière's disease, audiometry results corrected for patient age show an inherent upward‐sloping configuration of the mean audiometric curve at all time points during the disease. The hearing pattern differs between unilateral and bilateral disease. The audiometric curve configuration may be an indicator of future bilateral disease. Laryngoscope, 2011
Overcoming obstacles to setting up office‐based ultrasound for evaluation of thyroid and parathyroid diseases
Authors: Nagarkatti Sushruta S. , Mekel Michal , Sofferman Robert A. , Parangi Sareh 
Published: February 2011

AbstractUltrasound is an integral part of the preoperative workup for patients who are being evaluated for thyroid and parathyroid surgery. It helps improve the accuracy of a fine‐needle aspiration biopsy and complements other imaging modalities used for planning the extent of surgery. It also allows imaging of vital structures in relation to the thyroid and parathyroid. The compact nature and portability of ultrasound machines in recent years has made it easier for motivated surgeons (head and neck, general, and endocrine surgeons) to incorporate them into their practice. However, successfully setting up such a service needs adequate planning and an understanding of the obstacles that are involved. We aim to discuss these obstacles in detail, with practical suggestions on how to overcome them. This review may serve as a resource when dealing with issues such as purchasing equipment, training, credentialing, billing, documentation, and collaboration. Although these are discussed with respect to surgeons with an interest in endocrine disease, with some modifications they may also apply to any surgeon who uses ultrasound frequently. Laryngoscope, 2011
Influence of glycemic control on tympanic membrane healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Kaftan Holger , Reuther Lars , Miehe Bärbel , Hosemann Werner , Klöting Ingrid 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectives/Hypothesis:It is generally assumed that glycemic control in diabetic patients is important in optimizing wound healing. The goal of this study was to examine tympanic membrane (TM) wound healing in spontaneously diabetic rats depending on the diabetic metabolic state compared to nondiabetic control animals.Study Design:Prospective controlled study in experimental animals.Methods:Right‐sided myringotomy was performed in 20 normoglycemic rats, 17 well‐compensated, and 23 poorly compensated diabetic rats. TMs were observed for a total of 3 weeks. Effect of diabetic metabolic state on the healing of the TMs was evaluated by closure rates and histology.Results:Diabetic rats showed a significant delay in TM wound healing compared to the control group, but there were no significant differences between both diabetes groups.Conclusions:Glycemic control does not influence TM wound repair in an animal model of type 1 diabetes. Laryngoscope, 2011
Traumatic perilymphatic fistula with pneumolabyrinth: Diagnosis and management
Authors: Prisman Eitan , Ramsden James D. , Blaser Susan , Papsin Blake 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA perilymphatic fistula (PLF) is an abnormal communication between the inner and middle ear resulting in vestibular or cochlear symptoms. We review three pediatric traumatic temporal bone fractures with pneumolabyrinth, confirmed radiologically by the presence of air within the cochlea (pneumocochlea) or vestibule (pneumovestibule). Patients were treated conservatively with complete resolution of vestibulopathy. Hearing outcome was variable and worse in two patients with pneumocochlea. A pneumolabyrinth on radiologic imaging confirms a PLF and obviates the need for exploration to reach a diagnosis. We suggest exploration be reserved for patients with persisting cerebrospinal fluid leakage, progressive sensorineural hearing loss, or vestibular symptomatology. Laryngoscope, 2011
Cytomegalovirus DNA retrieval in the inner ear fluids of a congenitally deaf child one month after primary infection: A Case Report
Authors: Di Nardo Walter , Cattani Paola , Scorpecci Alessandro , Giannantonio Sara , D'Onghia Sara , Fadda Giovanni , Paludetti Gaetano 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIn the present article we report cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA localization in the inner ear of a 15‐month‐old deaf boy 1 month after a virologically documented primary infection. CMV DNA retrieval was possible thanks to polymerase chain reaction analysis of the perilymph collected at cochlear implant surgery. To the authors' knowledge this is the first demonstration of CMV persistence in the cochlea of an immunocompetent subject after an acquired infection. Laryngoscope, 2011
The role of cephalometry in assessing velopharyngeal dysfunction in velocardiofacial syndrome
Authors: Veerapandiyan Aravindhan , Blalock David , Ghosh Srija , Ip Edward , Barnes Craig , Shashi Vandana 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjective:To report our experience with cephalometry in evaluating velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) in velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS) and its utility in assessing the role of cervical spine abnormalities in VPD, prior to surgical correction of VPD.Design:Clinical charts and cephalometric radiographs done prior to surgery for VPD were retrospectively analyzed to ascertain velopharyngeal measurements and cervical spine abnormalities.Patients:Twenty‐six patients (age: 6–23 years) with molecularly confirmed VCFS.Setting:Wake Forest University Health Sciences (1997–2005).Measurements:Cranial base angle, nasopharyngeal depth, velum length, and Need ratio at rest, velar dimple location, and velopharyngeal length during phonation; information on presence/absence of submucous cleft palate and cervical spine abnormalities were also obtained. The relationship between C1 anterior arch abnormalities and Need ratio was examined.Results:Seventy‐three percent of the VCFS patients had excessive nasopharyngeal depth, 80% had an abnormal Need ratio, 50% had a short velum, 81% had a submucous or occult submucous cleft palate, 90.5% had a cervical spine abnormality (C1 anterior arch abnormalities in 38%) and 11.5% had platybasia. There was a significant difference in the Need ratio between patients with and without C1 anterior arch abnormalities.Conclusion:Cephalometry can be used to delineate factors such as C1 vertebral abnormalities, excessive pharyngeal depth, and short velum that contribute to VPD in VCFS. This would help otolaryngologists better understand the anatomy prior to surgical treatment of VPD. This is the first study to highlight the frequent occurrence of C1 anterior arch abnormalities in VCFS. Laryngoscope, 2011
Evolution of eustachian tube surgery
Authors: McCoul Edward D. , Lucente Frank E. , Anand Vijay K. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractEustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) is a common condition that lacks a widely accepted treatment. Attempts to address ETD surgically have spanned several centuries and have often fallen short of success. It is probable that occult anatomic position, unclear function, and misunderstood physiology have contributed to the delayed development of effective interventions for ETD. This article traces the evolution of therapeutic interventions of the Eustachian tube through the present day. Reasons for success and failure are highlighted, with implications for the future of Eustachian tube surgery. Laryngoscope, 2011
Cell‐Cycle‐Dependent Active Thermal Bystander Effect (ATBE)
Authors: Purschke Martin , Anderson R. Rox , Zurakowski David , Manstein Dieter 
Published: February 2011

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the active thermal bystander effect (ATBE) is cell‐cycle dependent.Materials and MethodsDividing cells were directly heated for 10 minutes and co‐cultured for 24 hours with different bystander cells. We compared the ATBE for dividing and non‐dividing human fibroblasts, as well as for dividing human white preadipocytes (HWP) and non‐dividing, mature differentiated human white adipocytes. ATBE was assessed as loss of cell viability of the bystander cells by using the MTT assay. Cell‐cycle analysis was performed by using flow cytometry.ResultsDividing fibroblasts and preadipocytes showed a significant ATBE (P < 0.008 and P < 0.05) with loss of cell viability of about 10% in the temperature range of 40–48°C. There was no significant difference between the extent of the bystander effect for these two cell populations (P = 0.30). In contrast, non‐dividing fibroblasts and mature adipocytes did not generate any ATBE within this temperature range. There was a statistically significant difference in ATBE between dividing and non‐dividing cell subpopulations for both fibroblasts (P = 0.003) and preadipocytes (P < 0.001) compared to their non‐dividing counterparts.ConclusionThese results suggest that the ATBE is a cell‐cycle‐dependent process which requires actively dividing cells as receiving bystander cells. The cell‐cycle dependency of the ATBE could have useful clinical applications in selectively targeting fast growing cells such as tumor cells. Whether the yield of the ATBE can be amplified by synchronizing the exposure to the ATBE with specific phases of the cell cycle remains subject to further investigation. Lasers Surg. Med. 43:230–235, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fabrication of DNA Polymer Brush Arrays by Destructive Micropatterning and Rolling‐Circle Amplification
Authors: Barbee Kristopher D. , Chandrangsu Matt , Huang Xiaohua 
Published: February 2011

AbstractA method for fabricating DNA polymer brush arrays using photolithography and plasma etching followed by solid‐phase enzymatic DNA amplification is reported. After attaching oligonucleotide primers to the surface of a glass coverslip, a thin layer of photoresist is spin‐coated on the glass and patterned via photolithography to generate an array of posts in the resist. An oxygen‐based plasma is then used to destroy the exposed oligonucleotide primers. The glass coverslip with the primer array is assembled into a microfluidic chip and DNA polymer brushes are synthesized on the oligonucleotide array by rolling‐circle DNA amplification. We have demonstrated that the linear polymers can be rapidly synthesized in situ with a high degree of control over their density and length. magnified image
Synthesis of Ruthenium Complex Containing Conjugated Polymers and Their Applications in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Chan Hung Tat , Mak Chris S. K. , Djurišić Aleksandra B. , Chan Wai Kin 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of two ruthenium terpyridine complexes containing conjugated polymers is reported and their application as photosensitizers in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSC) was studied. The polymers were synthesized by the palladium‐catalyzed coupling reaction between the ruthenium complex monomer and the fluorene‐based comonomer. One polymer was functionalized with carboxylic acid groups on the main chain, which strongly facilitate the anchorage of polymer dye molecules on the electrode surface. DSSCs based on TiO2 nanoparticles and nanotubes were fabricated. It was found that the ruthenium complexes played an important role in the photosensitization process, and the power conversion efficiencies measured were in the order of 0.1%. Annealing of TiO2 nanotubes in ammonia gas flow did not result in significant improvement in cell performance. magnified image
Impact of Heating on the Structure of Perfluorinated Polymer Electrolyte Membranes: A Positron Annihilation Study
Authors: Mohamed Hamdy F. M. , Kobayashi Yoshinori , Kuroda Carlos S. , Ohira Akihiro 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe ortho‐positronium (o‐Ps) lifetime was measured as a function of temperature for the perfluorinated PEMs Nafion NR212 and Aquivion E8705. The o‐Ps lifetime in Aquivion E8705 was found to be shorter than Nafion NR212 in the entire temperature range studied. Abrupt changes in the temperature coefficient of the o‐Ps lifetime were noticed and the α‐relaxation, β‐relaxation, and stress relief temperatures were identified. It turned out that Aquivion E8705 has higher α‐relaxation and stress relief temperatures than Nafion NR212. Dissociation of the ionic clusters and large change in the nanostructure after heating to 160 °C were observed for Nafion NR212 but not for Aquivion E8705. It is demonstrated that Aquivion E8705 has a higher thermal stability than Nafion NR212. magnified image
The Influence of Calcium‐Stearate‐Coated Calcium Carbonate and Talc on the Quiescent and Flow‐Induced Crystallization of Isotactic Poly(propylene)
Authors: D'Haese Michelle , Goderis Bart , Van Puyvelde Peter 
Published: February 2011

AbstractThe influence of Ca‐stearate‐coated CaCO3 and talc on the quiescent and flow‐induced crystallization of iPP is studied using different methods. Comparison of rheometry and DSC shows that rheometry is an interesting tool to monitor crystallization kinetics. It is observed that the Ca‐stearate coating degrades at commonly used annealing temperatures, influencing the crystallization behavior of the CaCO3‐containing polymer. WAXD indicates that the CaCO3 does not significantly influence the degree of crystallinity. As shear intensifies, both the pure and particle‐containing polymers crystallize faster; however, their behavior also becomes increasingly similar. There are indications that shear influences the organization of the CaCO3 aggregates. magnified image
Enhanced Stereocomplex Crystallization of Biodegradable Enantiomeric Poly(lactic acid)s by Repeated Casting
Authors: Tsuji Hideto , Yamamoto Satomi 
Published: February 2011

AbstractStereocomplex crystallization between PLLA and PDLA is known to be disturbed when their molecular weights increase to >105 g · mol−1. Here, solution casting of PLLA and PDLA with different solvents was performed repeatedly to increase the time for the PLLA/PDLA solution in the concentration range in which only stereocomplex crystallites are formed and thus to elevate the stereocomplex crystallinity in the materials. The results of WAXS and DSC show that for all solvents examined the crystallinities of stereocomplex crystallites and homocrystallites increased and decreased, respectively, with increasing number of castings, indicating that repeated casting is a promising method to enhance stereocomplex crystallization.magnified image
Cyclosporine a mediates pathogenesis of aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by augmenting epithelial‐mesenchymal transition: Role of TGFβ signaling pathway
Authors: Walsh Stephanie B. , Xu Jianmin , Xu Hui , Kurundkar Ashish R. , Maheshwari Akhil , Grizzle William E. , Timares Laura , Huang Conway C. , Kopelovich Levy , Elmets Craig A. , Athar Mohammad 
Published: February 2011

AbstractOrgan transplant recipients (OTRs) develop multiple aggressive and metastatic non‐melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Yet, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Employing a variety of immune‐compromised murine models, immunoblotting, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence techniques, we show that human squamous xenograft tumors in nude mice grow faster and become significantly larger in size following treatment with the immunosuppressive drug, cyclosporine A (CsA). Re‐injected tumor cells isolated from CsA‐treated xenografts continued to form larger tumors in nude mice than those from vehicle‐controls and retained the CsA‐signatures of calcineurin signaling inhibition. Similar results were obtained when these tumors were grown in SCID‐beige mice or in immuno‐competent mice inoculated with syngeinic tumor cells. Consistently, tumors in the CsA group manifested enhanced cellular proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Tumors in CsA‐treated animals also showed an augmented epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) characterized by an increased expression of fibronectin, α‐SMA, vimentin, N‐cadherin, MMP‐9/‐2, snail and twist with a concomitant decrease in E‐cadherin. CsA‐treated xenograft tumors manifested increased TGFβ1 expression and TGFβ‐dependent signaling characterized by increased nuclear p‐Smad 2/3. Our data demonstrate that CsA alters the phenotype of skin SCCs to an invasive and aggressive tumor‐type by enhancing expression of proteins regulating EMT acting through the TGFβ1 signaling pathway providing at least one unique mechanism by which multiple aggressive and metastatic NMSCs develop in OTRs. Mol. Carcinog. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
19F MRI detection of acute allograft rejection with in vivo perfluorocarbon labeling of immune cells
Authors: Hitchens T. Kevin , Ye Qing , Eytan Danielle F. , Janjic Jelena M. , Ahrens Eric T. , Ho Chien 
Published: February 2011

AbstractCurrent diagnosis of organ rejection following transplantation relies on tissue biopsy, which is not ideal due to sampling limitations and risks associated with the invasive procedure.We have previously shown that cellular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of iron‐oxide labeled immune‐cell infiltration can provide a noninvasive measure of rejection status by detecting areas of hypointensity on T‐weighted images. In this study, we tested the feasibility of using a fluorine‐based cellular tracer agent to detect macrophage accumulation in rodent models of acute allograft rejection by fluorine‐19 (19F) MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This study used two rat models of acute rejection, including abdominal heterotopic cardiac transplant and orthotopic kidney transplant models. Following in vivo labeling of monocytes and macrophages with a commercially available agent containing perfluoro‐15‐crown‐5‐ether, we observed 19F‐signal intensity in the organs experiencing rejection by 19F MRI, and conventional 1H MRI was used for anatomical context. Immunofluorescense and histology confirmed macrophage labeling. These results are consistent with our previous studies and show the complementary nature of the two cellular imaging techniques. With no background signal, 19F MRI/magnetic resonance spectroscopy can provide unambiguous detection of fluorine labeled cells, and may be a useful technique for detecting and quantifying rejection grade in patients. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of iron oxide nanoparticle detection using ultrashort echo time pulse sequences: Comparison of T1, T2*, and synergistic T1 − T2* contrast mechanisms
Authors: Girard O. M. , Du J. , Agemy L. , Sugahara K. N. , Kotamraju V. R. , Ruoslahti E. , Bydder G. M. , Mattrey R. F. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractIron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are used in various MRI applications as negative contrast agents. A major challenge is to distinguish regions of signal void due to IONPs from those due to low signal tissues or susceptibility artifacts. To overcome this limitation, several positive contrast strategies have been proposed. Relying on IONP T1 shortening effects to generate positive contrast is a particularly appealing strategy because it should provide additional specificity when associated with the usual negative contrast from effective transverse relaxation time (T2*) effects. In this article, ultrashort echo time imaging is shown to be a powerful technique which can take full advantage of both contrast mechanisms. Methods of comparing T1 and T2* contrast efficiency are described and general rules that allow optimizing IONP detection sensitivity are derived. Contrary to conventional wisdom, optimizing T1 contrast is often a good strategy for imaging IONPs. Under certain conditions, subtraction of a later echo signal from the ultrashort echo time signal not only improves IONP specificity by providing long T2* background suppression but also increases detection sensitivity, as it enables a synergistic combination of usually antagonist T1 and T2* contrasts. In vitro experiments support our theory, and a molecular imaging application is demonstrated using tumor‐targeted IONPs in vivo. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neural precursors exhibit distinctly different patterns of cell migration upon transplantation during either the acute or chronic phase of EAE: A serial MR imaging study
Authors: Muja Naser , Cohen Mikhal E. , Zhang Jiangyang , Kim Heechul , Gilad Assaf A. , Walczak Piotr , Ben‐Hur Tamir , Bulte Jeff W.M. 
Published: February 2011

AbstractAs the complex pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis contributes to spatiotemporal variations in the trophic micromilieu of the central nervous system, the optimal intervention period for cell‐replacement therapy must be systematically defined. We applied serial, 3D high‐resolution magnetic resonance imaging to transplanted neural precursor cells (NPCs) labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and 5‐bromo‐2‐deoxyuridine, and compared the migration pattern of NPCs in acute inflamed (n = 10) versus chronic demyelinated (n = 9) brains of mice induced with experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Serial in vivo and ex‐vivo 3D magnetic resonance imaging revealed that NPCs migrated 2.5 ± 1.3 mm along the corpus callosum in acute EAE. In chronic EAE, cell migration was slightly reduced (2.3 ± 1.3 mm) and only occurred in the lateral side of transplantation. Surprisingly, in 6/10 acute EAE brains, NPCs were found to migrate in a radial pattern along RECA‐1+ cortical blood vessels, in a pattern hitherto only reported for migrating glioblastoma cells. This striking radial biodistribution pattern was not detected in either chronic EAE or disease‐free control brains. In both acute and chronic EAE brain, Iba1+ microglia/macrophage number was significantly higher in central nervous system regions containing migrating NPCs. The existence of differential NPC migration patterns is an important consideration for implementing future translational studies in multiple sclerosis patients with variable disease. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.