bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Q‐DockLHM: Low‐resolution refinement for ligand comparative modeling
Authors: Brylinski Michal , Skolnick Jeffrey 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe success of ligand docking calculations typically depends on the quality of the receptor structure. Given improvements in protein structure prediction approaches, approximate protein models now can be routinely obtained for the majority of gene products in a given proteome. Structure‐based virtual screening of large combinatorial libraries of lead candidates against theoretically modeled receptor structures requires fast and reliable docking techniques capable of dealing with structural inaccuracies in protein models. Here, we present Q‐DockLHM, a method for low‐resolution refinement of binding poses provided by FINDSITELHM, a ligand homology modeling approach. We compare its performance to that of classical ligand docking approaches in ligand docking against a representative set of experimental (both holo and apo) as well as theoretically modeled receptor structures. Docking benchmarks reveal that unlike all‐atom docking, Q‐DockLHM exhibits the desired tolerance to the receptor's structure deformation. Our results suggest that the use of an evolution‐based approach to ligand homology modeling followed by fast low‐resolution refinement is capable of achieving satisfactory performance in ligand‐binding pose prediction with promising applicability to proteome‐scale applications. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
A new force field for simulating phosphatidylcholine bilayers
Authors: Poger David , Van Gunsteren Wilfred F. , Mark Alan E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA new force field for the simulation of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in the liquid‐crystalline, fluid phase at zero surface tension is presented. The structure of the bilayer with the area per lipid (0.629 nm2; experiment 0.629–0.64 nm2), the volume per lipid (1.226 nm3; experiment 1.229–1.232 nm3), and the ordering of the palmitoyl chains (order parameters) are all in very good agreement with experiment. Experimental electron density profiles are well reproduced in particular with regard to the penetration of water into the bilayer. The force field was further validated by simulating the spontaneous assembly of DPPC into a bilayer in water. Notably, the timescale on which membrane sealing was observed using this model appears closer to the timescales for membrane resealing suggested by electroporation experiments than previous simulations using existing models. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010
Congenital left atrial appendage aneurysm diagnosed by fetal echocardiography
Authors: Cho Min Jung , Park Ji Ae , Lee Hyoung Doo , Choo Ki Seok , Sung Si Chan 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA newborn infant was evaluated because of a large cystic mass adjacent to the left atrium on prenatal ultrasound. The diagnosis was an aneurysm of the left atrial appendage. Most cases of this rare lesion are recognized between the 2nd and 4th decades of life. The present case, however, was detected on fetal echocardiography. The patient showed significant mitral regurgitation caused by the compression of the left atrioventricular groove. Simple aneurysmectomy without mitral valvuloplasty was sufficient to relieve significant mitral regurgitation in this case. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010
Selective tropism of the recombinant adeno‐associated virus 9 serotype for rat cardiac tissue
Authors: Qi Yanfei , Liu Xuan , Li Hongwei , Shenoy Vinayak , Li Qiuhong , Hauswirth William W. , Sumners Colin , Katovich Michael J. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackgroundCardiac gene transfer may serve as a novel therapeutic approach for heart disease. Numerous serotypes of recombinant adeno‐associated virus (rAAV) have been identified with variable tropisms to cardiac tissue.MethodsBoth in vitro and in vivo experiments were undertaken to compare cardiac tropisms of rAAV‐2, 5, 7, 8 and 9. For the in vitro studies, 107 vector genome (vg) of rAAV‐2, 5, 7, 8 or 9 were used to transduce both rat neonatal cardiac myocytes (RNCM) and fibroblasts (RNCF). For the in vivo studies, 4 × 1010 vg of rAAV‐2, 5, 7, 8 or 9, and 4 × 1011 vg of rAAV8 or 9 were administered in 5‐day‐old rats via a relatively non‐invasive intracardiac injection. One and two months post‐administration, green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression in tissues was visualized and GFP mRNA was quantified by the real‐time polymerase chain reaction.ResultsAt 3 days post‐viral transduction, rAAV9 and rAAV2 produced the highest transducing efficiency in RNCM. Only rAAV2 elicited any transduction in the RNCF. The results obtained in vivo indicated that the order for transduction efficiency in the heart was: rAAV9 > rAAV8 > rAAV7 > rAAV2 = rAAV5. The transduction efficiency order in the liver was: rAAV2 > rAAV5 > rAAV7 > rAAV8 > rAAV9. Injection of a higher dose (4 × 1011 vg) of rAAV9 provided more widespread and highly cardiac‐selective GFP expression in the heart than rAAV8. Zero to minimal expression of GFP was found in the lung and kidney for both doses of all rAAV serotypes utilized.ConclusionsCollectively, the results obtained in the present study suggest that rAAV9 provides the most selective and stable transduction efficiency in cardiac tissue, and this expression was primarily exhibited in cardiac myocytes. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Impact of duty‐hour restriction on resident inpatient teaching
Authors: Mazotti Lindsay A. , Vidyarthi Arpana R. , Wachter Robert M. , Auerbach Andrew D. , Katz Patricia P. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Education and patient care are essential to academic hospitalists, and residents are key partners in these goals. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) duty‐hour restrictions (DHR) likely impacted aspects of resident teaching, well‐being, and patient care practices that affect the duties of academic hospitalists.OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of DHR on resident teaching time and the factors associated with, and impacts of, time spent teaching.DESIGN:Cross‐sectional survey.SETTING AND MEASUREMENTS:A total of 164 internal medicine residents at University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA were queried regarding their time spent teaching, completion of administrative tasks, number of hours worked, frequency of emotional exhaustion, and satisfaction with quality of patient care provided after DHR. Regression analyses identified factors associated with decreased teaching time and determined that there were associations between time spent teaching, emotional exhaustion, and satisfaction with quality of patient care.RESULTS:A total of 125 residents (76%) responded; 24% reported spending less time teaching. Less time teaching was associated with being a postgraduate year (PGY)‐2 (odds ratio [OR], 7.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56‐32.79) or PGY‐3 (OR, 8.23; 95% CI, 1.44‐47.09), reporting working <80 hours/week (OR, 5.99; 95% CI, 1.11‐32.48) and spending a greater percentage of time on administrative tasks (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.00‐1.06). Those residents who spent less time teaching also reported less frequent emotional exhaustion (P = 0.003) and more satisfaction with quality of care (P = 0.006).CONCLUSIONS:DHR has decreased teaching time for some residents, and those residents are more likely to be less emotionally exhausted and deliver self‐perceived higher quality of care. Academic hospitalists should consider these impacts of DHR and make adjustments such as educational and work‐life innovations to account for these shifts. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:476–480. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Multioccupancy hospital rooms: Veterans' experiences and preferences
Authors: Ehrlander Wyatt , Ali Fazalit , Chretien Katherine Chang 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Although common, multioccupancy hospital rooms have long been criticized for concerns about safety and privacy. In 2006, despite limited evidence, the Health Guidelines Revision Committee recommended to eliminate them entirely from U.S. hospitals. We used a survey to evaluate patients' experiences and preferences regarding room type in order to help inform public policy decisions.METHODS:Medical service inpatients at the Washington DC Veterans Affairs Medical Center were asked upon discharge to complete an anonymous written survey containing questions about privacy, nursing availability, loneliness, fear of death, interactions with roommates, and room preferences.RESULTS:Of the 162 patients who completed surveys, private room patients were more likely to report adequate privacy (92% vs. 53%; P ≤ 0.01) and available nursing (79% vs. 64%; P = 0.025) than shared room patients. There was no difference in reported loneliness or fear of death. Most shared room patients (59%) indicated that they enjoyed speaking with their roommates, and 35% reported receiving help from roommates. The overall preference strongly favored private rooms (79%), most commonly for the sake of privacy. Patients who preferred shared rooms most often cited a desire for conversation.CONCLUSIONS:Patients felt that privacy was inadequate in the shared rooms, and a strong preference was found for private rooms. For those who preferred shared rooms, positive aspects of the experience included exchange of conversation and assistance between roommates. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:E22–E27. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Body mass index (BMI) and risk of noncardiac postoperative medical complications in elderly hip fracture patients: A population‐based study
Authors: Batsis John A. , Huddleston Jeanne M. , Melton L. Joseph , Huddleston Paul M. , Larson Dirk R. , Gullerud Rachel E. , McMahon M. Molly 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Obese patients are thought to be at higher risk of postoperative medical complications. We determined whether body mass index (BMI) is associated with postoperative in‐hospital noncardiac complications following urgent hip fracture repair.METHODS:We conducted a population‐based study of Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents operated on for hip fracture in 1988 to 2002. BMI was categorized as underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal (18.5‐24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25.0‐29.9 kg/m2), and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Postoperative inpatient noncardiac medical complications were assessed. Complication rates were estimated for each BMI category and overall rates were assessed using logistic regression modeling.RESULTS:There were 184 (15.6%) underweight, 640 (54.2%) normal, 251 (21.3%) overweight, and 105 (8.9%) obese hip fracture repairs (mean age, 84.2 ± 7.5 years; 80% female). After adjustment, the risk of developing an inpatient noncardiac complication for each BMI category, compared to normal BMI, was: underweight (odds ratio [OR], 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.95‐1.88; P = 0.10), overweight (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.74‐1.38; P = 0.95), and obese (OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.82‐1.98; P = 0.27). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that an ASA status of III‐V vs. I‐II (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.25‐2.71; P = 0.002), a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma (OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.18‐2.12; P = 0.002), male sex (OR, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.10‐2.02; P = 0.01), and older age (OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.06; P < 0.001) contributed to an increased risk of developing a postoperative noncardiac inpatient complication. Underweight patients had higher in‐hospital mortality rates than normal BMI patients (9.3 vs. 4.4%; P = 0.01).CONCLUSIONS:BMI has no significant influence on postoperative noncardiac medical complications in hip‐fracture patients. These results attenuate concerns that obese or frail, underweight hip‐fracture patients may be at higher risk postoperatively for inpatient complications. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:E1–E9. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
A case‐based teaching module combined with audit and feedback to improve the quality of consultations
Authors: Wright Renee , Howell Eric , Landis Regina , Wright Scott , Kisuule Flora , Minter Jordan Myechia 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBACKGROUND:Medical consultation is an integral part of hospitalist physicians' practice, yet there is no uniform training to achieve competency in this area during residency.OBJECTIVE:To improve the quality of medical consultations performed by hospitalists in an academic medical center.DESIGN:Single group pre‐post study design comparing knowledge and behaviors after exposing physicians to an educational intervention.SETTING:Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, 2006‐2007.PARTICIPANTS:Seven hospitalist faculty members, and 12 internal medicine house‐staff members, who served on the medical consultation service during the study period.INTERVENTION:Participants were exposed to an educational intervention consisting of a case‐based module teaching the principles of medical consultation, as well as audit and feedback in which they critically reviewed their most recent written consultations.MEASUREMENTS:Pretests and posttests were used to assess knowledge. Performance and physician behaviors were assessed following the intervention; consultations done by hospitalists in the months prior to the educational intervention were scored and compared to their postintervention consultations. Wilcoxon signed rank tests and paired t tests were used for the analyses.RESULTS:Improvement in the median knowledge score (pretest vs. posttest) was significant only for house‐staff and not for faculty (10/14 vs. 12/14, P = 0.03 and 11/14 vs. 12/14, P = 0.08, respectively). The quality of consults written by all hospitalists improved after the educational intervention; the mean scores increased from 2.7 to 3.3 (P = 0.0006).CONCLUSIONS:This curricular intervention including audit and feedback was effective in improving the quality of medical consultations performed by hospitalist physicians. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:486–489. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Value‐driven health care: Implications for hospitals and hospitalists
Authors: Conway Patrick H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThere is increasing concern about the quality and cost of health care delivered in the United States. This has led to a focus on value‐driven health care, meaning how we can achieve better quality outcomes per dollar spent on health care. Since a large percentage of costs and patient outcomes are directly related to care received in the hospital, the focus on value‐driven health care by policymakers and payers is likely to increasingly impact hospitals and hospitalists. Hospitalists can play an essential role in leading and facilitating programs to improve hospital system performance. There are many government initiatives and policies focused on improving quality and value with major implications for hospitals and hospitalists, including: value‐based purchasing, quality and cost reporting, Medicare demonstrations, hospital‐acquired conditions, incentives for use of effective health information technology (HIT), and the Physician Quality Reporting Initiative (PQRI). The goal of these programs is to reward hospitals and physicians who achieve high‐quality, efficient care. As our system and its incentives continue to progress toward alignment with value‐based high‐quality care, hospitalists should lead change and facilitate solutions to transform our health care system to one that provides high‐value care to all. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2009;4:507–511. © 2009 Society of Hospital Medicine.
Leaving against medical advice: Facing the issue in the emergency department
Authors: Monico Edward P. , Schwartz Ian 
Published: October 2009

AbstractPatients leaving the emergency department (ED) against medical advice (AMA) represent 0.1% to 2.7% of all ED patients. These patients create significant angst for emergency physicians because these patients frequently have serious underlying medical pathology and tend to represent a higher‐than‐average source of medical‐legal liability than other ED patients. This article attempts to mitigate these risks by reviewing what we know about AMA encounters from the ED and providing documentation guidelines for the encounter.
Troublesome times demand more effective practices
Authors: Botkin Mary , Felton Ken 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe intensifying financial pressures bearing down on the American government and taxpayers due to egregious corporate mismanagement will focus increasing and unprecedented scrutiny on the business world. The risk management community believes a paradigm shift is at hand. Organizations of every kind will feel pressure to do more than they have in the past to understand the risks they face, expose and challenge every assumption they make, and take steps to quantify and appropriately mitigate the exposures they identify. This will not be an easy transition. Just as the healthcare community has struggled over the past 25 years with the paradigm shift from the unsystematic clinical experience to a more analytical, evidence‐based approach, the corporate world will have to move from a traditional silo‐centric risk management system to a more formalized, analytical, enterprise‐wide risk management competency.
Reuse of single‐use devices: Protecting your reprocessing program
Authors: Olsson Lory 
Published: October 2009

AbstractHigh‐profile hepatitis C outbreaks in 2008 spurred the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's attention toward legislative and regulatory action in several states around the practice of reuse of single‐use devices. Promulgated in the interest of public safety, some of these new regulations and laws can have a potential impact on hospitals' ability to access third‐party reprocessing duly regulated by the Food and Drug Administration.
Jaw morphology and ontogeny in five species of Ophryotrocha
Authors: Macnaughton Martin Oliver , Worsaae Katrine , Eibye‐Jacobsen Danny 
Published: October 2009

AbstractDetailed scanning electron microscopy of jaws within the genus Ophryotrocha (Dorvilleidae, Annelida) was performed on 871 jaw parts. The investigations resulted in new understandings of the ontogeny and jaw morphology and have systematic implications for the family. Five species in the genus (Ophryotrocha alborana, O. diadema, O. gracilis, O. hartmanni, and O. labronica pacifica) were kept in culture, and the development of the jaws was studied by sampling throughout their life history. Ophryotrocha species have mandibular plates that remain the same throughout ontogeny, whereas the posterior shafts elongate. Both mandibular plate morphology and shaft ontogeny have species‐specific distinctions. In Ophryotrocha, the maxillae can be assigned to three to four distinct types, which are replaced by moulting. The maxillary morphology and developmental stages at which moults occur are species specific, although with broad intervals. A redefinition is given for some of the basic jaw elements, and new homologies are proposed for structures that are also present across other dorvilleid taxa. J. Morphol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteomic‐based analytical approach for the characterization of glutenin subunits in durum wheat
Authors: Mamone Gianfranco , Caro Salvatore De , Luccia Aldo Di , Addeo Francesco , Ferranti Pasquale 
Published: October 2009

AbstractOne of the main objectives of wheat glutenin subunit (GS) analysis is the identification of protein components linked to wheat quality. The proteomic characterization of glutenin has to consider the relatively low levels of arginine and lysine residues and the close sequence similarity among the different groups of these subunits, which hinders or even prevents the identification of the GS. In this study, a proteomic approach has been applied to resolve the heterogeneity of wheat glutenin components. Proteins extracted from Triticum durum flour were first analyzed by two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis, which greatly reduced glutenin complexity. The identity of each spot was confirmed by nano liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry analysis of tryptic peptides. In parallel, measurements of the high mass range by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight analysis allowed detection of the large tryptic peptides. Gathering all data from search engine interrogation, very high sequence coverage was obtained for high molecular weight GS, including Bx7 and By8, in agreement with the known genetic profile of durum wheat. In addition, a truncated form of By8, never detected before, was also found. Low molecular weight GS (LMW‐GS) B‐type was identified with reasonable sequence coverage, while a clear identification of LWM‐GS C‐ and D‐type was hindered by the incompleteness of the wheat DNA databases. This study represents the first comprehensive analysis of the glutenin proteome and provides a reliable method for classifying wheat varieties according to their glutenin profile. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Astrocytes protect oligodendrocyte precursor cells via MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling
Authors: Arai Ken , Lo Eng H. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAccumulating evidence suggest that trophic coupling among different cell types in the brain is required to maintain normal CNS function. Here we show that astrocytes secrete soluble factors that can be oligodendrocyte‐supportive. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and astrocytes were prepared from neonatal rat brain and cultured separately. We conducted cell culture medium‐transfer experiments to examine whether astrocytes secrete OPC‐protective factors. Conditioned media from astrocytes protected OPCs against H2O2‐induced oxidative stress, starvation, and oxygen‐glucose deprivation. This protective effect may be mediated in part via ERK and Akt signaling pathways. Astrocyte‐conditioned media upregulated the phosphorylation levels of ERK and Akt in OPC cultures. Blockade of ERK or Akt signaling with U0126 or LY294002 cancelled the OPC‐protective effects of astrocyte‐conditioned media. Taken together, these data suggest that astrocytes are an important source for oligodendrocyte‐supportive factors. Coupling between these two major glial components in brain may be vital for sustaining white matter homeostasis. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Gulf Stream and Atlantic sea‐surface temperatures in AD1790–1825
Authors: van der Schrier G. , Weber S. L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe present gridded sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs) for the Atlantic basin (45°S–60°N) as averages over the period AD1790–1825, based on early‐instrumental SST data. The original measurements were compiled by Major James Rennell and made by numerous British naval vessels on behalf of the British Admiralty. We describe the digitization of this dataset and the reconstruction of spatially coherent, averaged conditions for the boreal cold (November‐March) and warm (May–September) season using a reduced space optimal interpolation (RSOI) technique, in which the data is projected on a limited number of empirical orthogonal functions. This approach is validated on modern data that are sampled in a similar way as the early‐instrumental data. The reconstruction for the November–March period shows a large area with anomalously high temperatures from the point where the Gulf Stream separates from the coast until ca. 20°W. A tongue of anomalous cool water is found at the eastern side of the North Atlantic basin, along the coast of Europe and northern Africa. In the northeastern South Atlantic, anomalously high temperatures are found, while temperatures in the southwestern South Atlantic are anomalously cool. For the March–September season, anomalous temperatures in the South Atlantic are similar, but stronger, compared with those in the boreal cold season. Over the North Atlantic, there is not much similarity between the current SST reconstructions and those published in the late 1950s. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society