bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and associated factors of myopia among adolescents ag ed 12 ~ 15 in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Zhihao , Song Dingding , Tian Zhiqi , Wang Yongming , Tian Kunzong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background Myopia is a growing concern worldwide, especially among adolescents. This study aims to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of myopia in adolescents aged 12 ~ 15 in Shandong Province, China.
Methods This cross-sectional study adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines and involved stratified random cluster sampling of 128,678 students from 186 middle schools across 17 cities in Shandong Province. Data collection was conducted from November to December 2023. We excluded students with organic eye diseases, abnormal binocular vision functions, or a history of eye injuries or surgeries. Myopia was assessed using the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart and computerized optometry without inducing ciliary muscle paralysis. A comprehensive questionnaire survey was conducted to gather demographic characteristics and daily life behaviors. With the chi-squared test for univariable analysis and multivariable logistic regression for identifying significant factors.
Results This study included 126,375 participants, with a gender distribution of 51.02% male and 48.98% female. The overall prevalence of myopia was 71.34%. Higher prevalence was observed in girls (72.26%) compared to boys (70.45%), and the prevalence increased with age, peaking at 73.12% in 15-year-olds. Urban residents had a higher prevalence (71.86%) than rural (70.39%). Factors such as less frequent outdoor exercise, improper reading and writing posture, closer distance to screens, longer screen time, and shorter sleep duration were associated with higher odds of myopia. Conversely, more frequent outdoor exercise and longer sleep duration lowered the odds. Additionally, female gender, older age, urban residence, and parental history of myopia increased the risk.
ConclusionThe high prevalence of myopia among adolescents in Shandong Province was influenced by a combination of demographic, behavioral, and environmental factors. The study highlighted the importance of lifestyle modifications, such as increasing outdoor activities and maintaining proper visual habits, to mitigate the risk of developing myopia. These findings underscored the need for targeted public health interventions and educational campaigns to address this significant public health issue.
Predictors of hypercontractile heart phenotype in patients with chronic coronary syndromes or heart failure
Authors: Wang Yi , Ciampi Quirino , Cortigiani Lauro , Zagatina Angela , Kasprzak Jaroslaw D. , Wierzbowska-Drabik Karina , Haberka Maciej , Barral Patricia , Souto Germán , Djordjevic-Dikic Ana , Reisenhofer Barbara , Boshchenko Alla , Ryabova Tamara , Rodriguez-Zanella Hugo , Rigo Fausto , D'Andrea Antonello , Gaibazzi Nicola , Merli Elisa , Lisi Matteo , Simova Iana , Barbieri Andrea , Morrone Doralisa , Pitino Annalisa , De Nes Michele , Tripepi Giovanni L. , Yin Lixue , Citro Rodolfo , Carerj Scipione , Pepi Mauro , Pellikka Patricia A. , Picano Eugenio 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Hypercontractile phenotype (HP) of the left ventricle (LV) is an actionable therapeutic target in patients with chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) or heart failure (HF), but its clinical recognition remains difficult.
Objectives
To assess the clinical variables associated with the HP.
Methods
In a prospective, observational, multicenter study, we recruited 5,122 patients (age 65 ± 11 years, 2974 males, 58%) with CCS and/or HF with preserved ejection fraction (EF). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured. We assessed wall motion score index (WMSI), LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), EF, force (SBP/ESV), stroke volume (SV), arterial elastance (SBP/SV), and ventricular-arterial coupling (VAC, as SV/ESV). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis assessed independent factors associated with the highest force sextile.
Results
For all the studied patients, force was 4.51 ± 2.11 mmHg/ml, with the highest sextile (Group 6) > 6.36 mmHg/ml. By multivariable logistic regression model, the highest sextile of force was associated with age > 65 years (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.36–1.93, p < 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.40–2.21, p < 0.001), female sex (OR 4.52, 95% CI 3.77–5.42, p < 0.001), absence of beta-blocker therapy (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.16–1.68), rest SBP ≥ 160 mmHg (OR 2.81, 95% CI 2.21–3.56, p < 0.001), high heart rate (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.61–2.67, p < 0.001), and absence of prior myocardial infarction (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.07–1.68, p = 0.012). Patients in the highest sextile of force showed lower values of WMSI, SV, EDV, and ESV, and higher values of arterial elastance and VAC.
Conclusions
HP of the LV with high force was clinically associated with advanced age, female sex, high resting SBP, and the absence of 𝛽-blocker therapy. By transthoracic echocardiography, HP was associated with a small heart with reduced EDV, reduced SV despite high EF, and higher arterial elastance.
Predeterminate Role of Pterygopalatine Ganglion Neuron Density on Anterior Perforated Arteries Vasospasm During Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Preliminary Experimental Study.
Authors: Kara Caner Fahrettin , Elveren Muhammet , Demirci Elif 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background: The anterior perforated arteries (APA) are crucial for cerebral circulation, yet the relationship between vasospasm in these arteries and neuron density in the pterygopalatine ganglion during subarachnoid hemorrhage remains unexplored.
Methods: This study was conducted on 21 rabbits previously utilized in other experiments. Five rabbits were selected from a baseline control group, five formed the sham group by receiving 1 cc of physiological serum, and sixteen were designated as the subarachnoid hemorrhage group. Subarachnoid hemorrhage was induced by injecting autologous blood into their cisterna magna. After seven days of observation, the animals were euthanized, and their APAs and pterygopalatine ganglia were examined stereologically. The ratio of the wall sectioning surface area (Wall ring) to the lumen surface values was calculated as the vasospasm index (VSI), with higher values indicating more severe vasospasm. Statistical comparisons of VSI values and neuron densities of the pterygopalatine ganglia were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests, with significance considered at p < 0.005.
Results: The average normal/degenerated neuronal density in the pterygopalatine ganglia and corresponding VSI values were 12.310±1.590/mm³/12±3/mm³ and VSI=0.234±0.031 in control animals (n=5). The sham group showed a neuronal density of 12.165±1.370/mm³/56±8/mm³ and a mean VSI of 0.995±0.121 (n=5); 10.110±1.170/mm³/782±112/mm³ and a VSI of 1.127±0.654/763±98/mm³ were observed with slight vasospasm (Study A: n=6). In animals with severe vasospasm (Study B: n=5), the mean neuronal density was 8960±990/mm³/1954±189/mm³ and the VSI was 2.126±0.986. Differences were significant at p<0.005 for Control/Sham; p<0.0005 for Sham/Study; and p<0.000001 for Control/Study.
Conclusions: Neuron density in the pterygopalatine ganglia may play a crucial role in the development of APA vasospasm induced by subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Mechanism of indolepropionic acid mediating allergic rhinitis by regulating AKT/T-bet/GZMB/TTP/IL-10 axis
Authors: Gao Lu , Song Yulan , Zhang Jing , Zhao Yan , Hu Huixuan , Feng Yan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective: Allergic rhinitis(AR) is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world, which often brings confusion to countless patients. The purpose of this study was to explore whether indolepropionic acid(IPA) intervened AR mice through regulation AKT/T-bet/GZMB/TTP/IL-10 axis alleviates the inflammatory reaction in AR mice and provides a new vision for the treatment of AR.
Methods: the AR model of mice was constructed with ovalbumin(OVA), then drug intervention with IPA was performed, and AR symptoms were evaluated on the last day of stimulation, and mouse serum and nasal mucosal tissues were collected for follow-up experiments; the expression levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE), Interleukin(IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13 in the serum of mice were detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA); The pathological changes of nasal mucosa were observed by Hematoxylin–eosin(H&E) staining method; The mRNA and protein levels of AKT, T-bet, GZMB, TTP and IL-10 in nasal mucosa were detected by Quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western Blot.
Results: On the last day of stimulation, the score for nasal symptom behavior in the OVA group was more than 5 points, indicating that the model was successfully established. Compared to the OVA group, the nasal symptom behavior score was significantly lower in the OVA + IPA group (P<0.05); The results of HE showed that the inflammatory pathological manifestations of the nasal mucosa in the OVA group were severe, and the inflammatory pathological manifestations of the nasal mucosa in the OVA + IPA group were obviously reduced after treatment; ELISA showed that the levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IgE in the OVA group were significantly higher than those in the OVA + IPA group, while the levels of IL-10 were significantly lower than those in the OVA + IPA group (P<0.05); The results of qRT-PCR and Western Blot showed that compared with the OVA group, the mRNA and protein levels of GZMB, IL-10 increased significantly in the nasal mucosa of the OVA + IPA group, but the mRNA levels of AKT, T-bet, TTP decreased significantly (P<0.05).
Conclusion: IPA can alleviate the inflammatory response of AR mice by regulating the AKT/T-bet/GZMB/TTP/IL-10 axis.
Dynamic Boundary Conditions based Optimization Approach for Efficient Model Order Reduction of Complex Systems
Authors: Goel Anuj , Manocha Amit Kumar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This paper proposed a new methodology to address the key problem in model order reduction methods of setting random values of lower & upper bounds and initial values of the parameters in optimization-based approaches. The moth flame optimization (MFO) method is utilized for the model order reduction process wherein the search space boundaries are found using a novel strategy with the classical balanced truncation technique. Both the numerator and denominator coefficients of the desired reduced-order system are found using the proposed optimization approach. The integral square error (ISE) is employed as the objective function in the optimization of SISO systems while a novel objective function is framed using ISE for the MIMO systems. The key advantage of using balanced truncation-based search space boundaries ensures targeted search with potential solutions and stability of the reduced order model. Further, the disadvantage of steady-state error of the balanced truncation is overcome using a gain adjustment factor. The overall methodology takes very less simulation time while keeping all the necessary parameters of the reduced-system close to those of the original system. To test the efficacy of the proposed methodology, five real-world high-order systems with two SISO systems, two MIMO systems and one discrete-time system are considered and compared with existing methods through several error indices and time and frequency-domain specifications. It has been found that the proposed methodology results in significant reduction of ISE and improvement in matching of step responses, preserving stability of the reduced-order models.
Determinants of malaria infection among under five children in Gurusum district of Somali region, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Gobe Dejene Edessa , Mohammed Ahmed , Aden Abdirizak , Deribe Kebede , Chernet Afona , Yared Solomon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Despite the significant investments to control malaria infections over the past years, new infection rates remain significant public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa including in Ethiopia. This study aims in investigating key determinant of malaria infection among under five years (U5) children in Gursum district of Somali region, East Ethiopia.
Method
An institutional based case-control study was conducted for two months between June to July 2020. The study comprised 247 participants, divided into 82 cases and 165 controls, maintaining a case-to-control ratio of 1:2. It focused on households with children under the age of five who received care at three health centers located in the district. The investigation included identifying plasmodium species using rapid diagnostic tests and microscopic blood film examination. Logistic regression model was used to identify the factors influencing the outcome, using a statistical software STATA-13/15. Odds ratios and the corresponding confidence intervals were used to identify potential predictors in logistic regression model.
Results
A multivariate analysis disclosed the following five exposures to be significantly associated with malaria positivity among children. Those are, being-living near to source of a stagnant water [AOR = 3.60 (1.73–7.48)], in rural area [AOR = 3.58 (1.56–8.21)], in a house with openings or holes on the wall for mosquito entry [AOR = 5.00 (2.22–11.28)], and not receiving malaria health information [AOR = 2.12 (1.06–4.21)]. In addition, household being near to malaria breeding habitat [AOR = 4.74 (2.27–9.90)] was significant with malaria positivity.. These are the top five key determinant of malaria positivity among U5 children the Gursum district.
Conclusion
The study revealed that the most pressing determinant for malaria positivity among U5 in the Gurum district seems to be related to unawareness, housing and spatial proximity to breading sites. Therefore, social mobilization, and spatially targeted malaria interventions are essential to reduce the transmission of the disease at the community level, especially among the most vulnerable children.
Scrolling Through Adolescence: Unveiling the Relationship of the Use of Social Networks and its Addictive Behavior with Psychosocial Health
Authors: Brand Caroline , Fochesatto Camila Felin , Gaya Anelise Reis , Schuch Felipe Barreto , López-Gil José Francisco 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Understanding the impact of social network use and addictive behaviors on adolescent psychosocial health is crucial in today's digital age.
Aim
To verify the associations between social network use, WhatsApp, and the addictive behaviors to social network with psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents.
Methods
a cross-sectional study was developed with 632 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years from the region of Murcia, Spain. The assessment of social network use (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok) involved evaluating the frequency of use of each social network individually using a single-item scale with five response options. WhatsApp use was evaluated in the same manner. The Short Social Networks Addiction Scale-6 Symptoms was employed to assess potential addictive behaviors to social network use. The psychosocial health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Generalized linear regression models (adjusted for several covariates) were conducted, and predictive probabilities of having psychosocial health problems were calculated.
Results
The predicted probability of presenting psychological health problems in the medium users and high users of social networks was 19.3% (95% CI 13.0 to 27.7), and 16.2% (95% CI 10.2 to 24.6) higher compared to low users, respectively. High usage of Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, and Facebook was associated with increased probabilities of psychosocial health problems, with Facebook showing the highest probabilities, at 31.3% (95% CI 14.8 to 54.2) for medium users and 51.9% (95% CI 26.5 to 76.3) for high users. Additionally, adolescents with addictive behaviors to social network use had 19.0–25.2% higher risk of experiencing psychosocial health problems. Finally, the highest probabilities of having psychological health problems were identified in adolescents with high addictive behaviors when using social networks (28.9%; 95% CI 19.3–40.8%) and the lowest in those with low addictive behaviors (6.8%; 95% CI 3.3–13.6%).
Conclusion
Adolescents who use social networks more frequently are more likely to experience psychological health problems compared to those who do not. Facebook showed the strongest association, followed by Snapchat, Instagram, and TikTok. Our data also revealed that adolescents exhibit various signs of addictive behaviors to social network use.
The Efficient Identification of Meandering and other Low-Frequency Phenomena in Raw Ultrasonic Anemometer Data
Authors: Favaron Patrizia , Zintu Simone , Morosini Cristiana 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This short conference paper shows a new experimental method for the detection and identification of meandering and other low-frequency components in raw data from three-axial ultrasonic anemometers and other high resolution, high sampling-rate three-dimensional wind sensors.
The proposed method is a combination of autocorrelation-based detection and delay-free recursive filtering, both described in recent published works.
The results of the application of the described method to a sample of hourly raw data files are also shown.
The method can be used as a building block for eddy covariance and other data processing procedures as well as in all the situations where very short time scales (about 10s) are relevant, such as in odour or toxic chemical dispersion field.
Sustainable poultry practices: Integrating green light interventions for improved breeding and behaviour
Authors: Hayat Khwar , Zheng Rongjin , Wang Tao , Zeng Li , Ye Zunzhong , Pan Jinming 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
The present study aimed to investigate the impact of light emitting diode (LED) green light alone or in combination with melatonin on behaviour related hormones regulation during incubation under normal and under hormonal stress conditions in breeder eggs. This study divided into 2 experiments: In the first experiment LED green light effect on different hormone during incubation under normal condition, on Hy-line brown (low aggressive phenotype) and Roman pink (high aggressive phenotype) were tested. Total 296 eggs of each strain divided into two groups: LED green light incubation and dark incubation (control), each containing four replicates (37 eggs/replicate). Second experiment conducted to detect LED green light effect alone or in combination with melatonin during incubation under hormonal stress conditions. Total 704 eggs of Roman pink were taken and divided into four groups, each consisting of 176 eggs. Each group was further divided into 2 subgroups, LED green light-regulated incubation and dark incubation with 88 eggs per subgroup having 4 replicates of 22 eggs each. The groups were as follows: corticosterone solution injection (CI), corticosterone + melatonin mixed solution injection (CMI), Phosphate buffer solution injection (PI), and no injection (UI).
Results
Results from the first experiment revealed the higher level of serotonin hormone (related to calmness of behaviour) and lower of corticosterone hormone (related to aggressive behaviour) in Hy-Line brown embryos compares to those of Roman pink embryos during dark incubation. The LED green light incubation significantly increased the level of 5-HT while decreasing the CORT level in Roman pink embryos indicating its regulatory effect on behaviour related hormones. Results of the second experiments showed that LED green light incubation alleviated the CORT-induced hyperactivity of plasma 5-HT in Roman pink embryos. Furthermore, Melatonin (MLT) injection and LED green light together reduced the hormonal stress caused by corticosterone injection in the eggs.
Conclusions
Overall, the LED green light regulatory incubation demonstrated a regulatory effect on hormones related to behaviour. Additionally, when coupled with MLT injection, it synergistically mitigated hormonal stress in the embryos. So, LED green light incubation emerged as novel sustainable system to reduce the aggressive behviour and improve the productivity of the poultry birds.
WITHDRAWN: Lateral resistance of sheathing-to-framing nailed joints in laminated bamboo lumber shear wall sheathed with OSB panel
Authors: Wang Chang , Chen Guo , Zhu Wenli , Zhang Enhao , Wu Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

The shear strength and stiffness of laminated bamboo lumber (LBL) shear walls are highly dependent on the performance of their individual nailed joints. This study presents lateral-loading test results of single-connector oriented strand board (OSB) sheathing-to-LBL framing nailed joints under monotonic loading. A series of specimens were tested, considering the variables of nail diameter (d), OSB panel end distance (a), LBL stud end distance (b), and loading direction. It was found that the failure mode is closely related to the end distance and loading direction. For specimens with a or b less than 15 mm, premature OSB end tearing or LBL shear failure was observed. As expected, the load-carrying capacity increases as nail diameter increases, specimens loaded parallel to grain exhibited increases in capacity compared to specimens loaded perpendicularly. Comparison with previous studies reveals that the capacity of single-connector OSB sheathing on LBL framing exceeds that reported in the literature for OSB sheathing on wood framing with nails. When contrasting existing standards with experimentally determined capacities of nailed joints, it is apparent that Eurocode 5 accurately predicts the capacity of connections. The modified Foschi model that better predicts the monotonic response of sheathing-to-framing nailed joints is proposed.
A cholesterol-coupled N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate metabolic network facilitates the neuroprotective impact of estradiol in neurons
Authors: Chow Kim , SUN Jacquelyne , Wu Deng , Peng Amy Zexuan , Wong Genper Chi-Ngai , Hart Ronald , Herrup Karl 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Sex differences have been demonstrated in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the intrinsic cellular changes underlying the enhanced disease vulnerability observed in postmenopausal women remain elusive. We demonstrate that sustained loss of peripheral estradiol is correlated with accelerated cognitive and memory decline. The resulting brain transcriptomic and metabolomic changes suggest the impairment of ERRα. Estradiol supports ERRα activity via its actions on neuronal cholesterol homeostasis. Consequently, this prevents truncation of the TCA cycle at succinate dehydrogenase, which would otherwise cause a net catabolic shift of N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG), driven by an adaptive aspartate-dependent response that attempts to reconstruct a “mini-cycle”. The free glutamate released alongside the net catabolism of NAAG is stochastically released presynaptically, thereby increasing spontaneous neuronal activities. Coupled with the bioenergetic incompetency that occurs during estradiol-loss, this slowly depletes cellular ATP and increases susceptibility to energy crises triggered by additional excitatory insults, ultimately contributing to the female-biased vulnerability to AD.