bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid FE‐DQ for dynamic analysis of multilayered half‐space subjected to concentrated point impulsive loading
Authors: Vosoughi A. R. , Banan Mo. R. , Banan Ma. R. , Malekzadeh P. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYA hybrid finite element method and differential quadrature method (DQM) is developed to estimate the dynamic response of two‐dimensional multilayered half‐spaces subjected to impulsive point loading. Nonreflecting absorbing boundary conditions consist of appropriate springs, and dampers are considered. The capabilities of the finite element method for solving boundary value problems with general domain, loading and systematic boundary treatment are combined with accurate and stable time marching capabilities of the DQM to develop an accurate and efficient numerical technique. The capability, efficiency, robustness and convergence of the DQM for solving the dynamic problem are demonstrated through numerical simulations of various half‐spaces with different time increments and layer arrangement. Also, comparison study when using Newmark's time integration scheme for the same problem is done. It can be concluded that the DQM as an unconditionally stable method is suitable for solving such a problem. Also, parametric study is performed to show the effect of the absorbing boundary conditions on the dynamic response. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On the interface identification of free boundary problem by method of fundamental solution
Authors: Zhao Haifeng , Yan Liang , Liu Jijun 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYThe Stefan problems with one phase have been studied thoroughly. For the numerical implementations of free‐boundary problems, the unknown free boundary makes the mesh generation process much difficult. The purpose of this paper is to give a meshless numerical scheme on the basis of the method of fundamental solution for solving a two‐phase Stefan problem with variable diffusion coefficients. By introducing some mathematical transform and artificial boundary, this problem is solved approximately by constructing an explicit solution with the superposition of finite number of source points, in terms of the fundamental solution to a standard heat equation. The superposition coefficients of solutions as well as the free boundary are solved by a least square solution for a nonlinear algebra system in terms of the initial and boundary value conditions. Our proposed scheme can be considered as a generalization of numerical linear algebra system applied to the PDEs by method of fundamental solution. Numerical examples are presented to show the validity of the proposed scheme. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A method for computation of discontinuous wave propagation in heterogeneous solids: basic algorithm description and application to one‐dimensional problems
Authors: Park K. C. , Lim S. J , Huh H. 
Published: February 2012

SUMMARYAn explicit integration algorithm for computations of discontinuous wave propagation in heterogeneous solids is presented, which is aimed at minimizing spurious oscillations when the wave fronts pass through several zones of different wave speeds. The essence of the present method is a combination of two wave capturing characteristics: a new integration formula that is obtained by pushforward–pullback operations in time designed to filter post‐shock oscillations, and the central difference method that intrinsically filters front‐shock oscillations. It is shown that a judicious combination of these two characteristics substantially reduces both spurious front‐shock and post‐shock oscillations. The performance of the new method is demonstrated as applied to wave propagation through a uniform bar with varying courant numbers, then to heterogeneous bars. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding Living Skills: First Steps to Evidence‐based Practice. Lessons Learned from a Practice‐based Journey in the Netherlands
Authors: Ammeraal Marion A. , Coppers Jacqueline 
Published: February 2012

AbstractLiving skills training is a commonly used but sparsely described and researched – occupational therapy – intervention for people with severe mental health problems. A service improvement project was established in a mental health organization in the Netherlands starting in 2006 to design more effective living skills training courses for individuals and groups. The steps of the evidence‐based practice process underpinned the project. Theoretical and empirical evidence was derived from an extensive literature review. This was supplemented by the preferences of clients and their families as an equally valued source of evidence as is the experience and knowledge of a range of mental health professionals. Information from these three sources provided building blocks for the development of living skills training, resulting in an individual process guideline and two group courses. Implications for practice is that living skills training needs to be part of multidisciplinary treatment and can be best provided in the client's natural context. Limitations of this study are the lack of an evaluation of both the group courses and of the individual process guideline, also due to the continuous implementation in an ever‐changing context. There is further need for research into the clinical and cost effectiveness of living skills training, both for individuals and groups, to support evidence‐based decision making and service planning. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Depression is associated with some patient‐perceived cosmetic changes, but not with radiotherapy‐induced late toxicity, in long‐term breast cancer survivors
Authors: Brunault Paul , Suzanne Isabelle , Trzepidur‐Edom Magdalena , Garaud Pascal , Calais Gilles , Toledano Alain , Camus Vincent 
Published: February 2012

AbstractObjectiveAlthough depression is prevalent in long‐term breast cancer survivors (LTBCS; ≥5 years since diagnosis), it is underdiagnosed and undertreated. A better understanding of factors associated with depression could improve depression screening, treatment, and prevention in this population. Our study aimed to assess the link between patient and doctor ratings of breast cosmetic outcomes, late radiotherapy toxicity, and depression in LTBCS.MethodsIn all, 214 patients recruited from the ARCOSEIN study were assessed for late radiotherapy toxicity (by using the LENT‐SOMA scale) and patient and doctor ratings of breast cosmetic outcomes (mean = 6.7 years since the end of treatment). We reassessed 120 of these patients for depression (HAD) during a second wave of long‐term assessment (mean = 8.1 years since the end of treatment). We used univariate analyses and polytomous logistic regression analyses to predict the HAD depression, which was defined as follows: normal, 0–7 points; and significant depression, ≥8 points (8–10 points, possible depression; ≥11 points, probable depression).ResultsThe mean HAD depression score was 4.5 ± 3.6. 19. 2% of our population had significant depression, 6.7% with probable depression, and 12.5% with possible depression. Significant depression was not associated with late radiotherapy toxicity or initial cancer‐related variables. Patients with probable depression reported worse cosmetic outcomes than nondepressed patients in terms of perceived breast largeness (p = 0.04), breast deformation (p = 0.02), and changes in skin pigmentation (p = 0.03).ConclusionsIn LTBCS, depression seems to be more strongly associated with changes in some patients' perceived breast cosmetic outcome than late treatment toxicity or initial cancer‐related variables. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiscale modeling of cellular actin filaments: From atomistic molecular to coarse‐grained dynamics
Authors: Deriu Marco A. , Shkurti Ardita , Paciello Giulia , Bidone Tamara C. , Morbiducci Umberto , Ficarra Elisa , Audenino Alberto , Acquaviva Andrea 
Published: February 2012

AbstractIn this article, we present a computational multiscale model for the characterization of subcellular proteins. The model is encoded inside a simulation tool that builds coarse‐grained (CG) force fields from atomistic simulations. Equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations on an all‐atom model of the actin filament are performed. Then, using the statistical distribution of the distances between pairs of selected groups of atoms at the output of the MD simulations, the force field is parameterized using the Boltzmann inversion approach. This CG force field is further used to characterize the dynamics of the protein via Brownian dynamics simulations. This combination of methods into a single computational tool flow enables the simulation of actin filaments with length up to 400 nm, extending the time and length scales compared to state‐of‐the‐art approaches. Moreover, the proposed multiscale modeling approach allows to investigate the relationship between atomistic structure and changes on the overall dynamics and mechanics of the filament and can be easily (i) extended to the characterization of other subcellular structures and (ii) used to investigate the cellular effects of molecular alterations due to pathological conditions. Proteins 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Three‐dimensional domain swapping in the protein structure space
Authors: Huang Yongqi , Cao Huaiqing , Liu Zhirong 
Published: February 2012

AbstractSince the proposal of three‐dimensional (3D) domain swapping, many 3D domain‐swapped structures have been reported. However, when compared with the vast protein structure space, it is still unclear whether 3D domain swapping is a general mechanism for protein assembly. Here, we investigated this possibility by constructing a dataset consisting of more than 500 domain‐swapped structures. The domain‐swapped structures were mapped into the protein structure space. We found that about 10% of protein folds and 5% of protein families contain domain‐swapped structures. When comparing the domain‐swapped structures in a family/superfamily, we found that proteins within a family/superfamily can swap in different ways. Interface analysis revealed that the hinge loops contributed more than half of the open interface in 70% of bona fide domain‐swapped dimers, indicating that the hinge loops play an important role in stabilizing the domain‐swapped conformations. Our study supports the suggestion that domain swapping is a general property of all proteins and will facilitate further understanding the mechanism of 3D domain swapping. Proteins 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐throughput screening for glutathione conjugates using stable‐isotope labeling and negative electrospray ionization precursor‐ion mass spectrometry
Authors: Liao Shengkai , Ewing Nigel P. , Boucher Brian , Materne Olivier , Brummel Christopher L. 
Published: February 2012

RATIONALEIt has been proposed that the increase in the instances of idiosyncratic adverse drug reactions (IADRs) and black box warnings may be attributed to the occurrence of reactive metabolites. Consequently, a high‐throughput screen for reactive metabolites formed from liver microsome extracts with added glutathione (GSH) was developed for use in the early stages of drug discovery.METHODSTo enhance sensitivity and specificity, as well as accelerate data processing, a mixture of a stable‐isotope probe consisting of natural GSH (light GSH) and stable‐isotope‐labeled [15 N,13 C2] GSH (heavy GSH) at a ratio of 1:1 was used. Any metabolite that reacted with the GSH results in the formation of light and heavy GSH conjugates with a 3 Da difference. Employing a precursor‐ion scan using negative ion electrospray ionization (ESI) corresponding to the expected fragments, signals with the appropriate ratio in the precursor ion scan are then further examined.RESULTSThe new method greatly simplifies data collection by assuming molecules containing GSH will fragment to form specific ions. As such, this approach accelerates data processing (and collection) at the risk of missing compounds that do not fragment as expected. The assay was validated with 33 diverse drugs known to form GSH conjugates, 5 drugs known to not form GSH adducts and over 100 samples containing components of the normal in vitro matrix. In all cases data collected matched the expected result.CONCLUSIONSThe observed sensitivity, specificity, and fast data processing make this assay an excellent fit for high‐throughput screening of reactive metabolites in the early stages of drug discovery. This method is not intended to eliminate compounds or terminate their development. Instead, it is to bring forward molecules with one less liability and thus a greater probability of ultimate success. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ex vivo measurement reliability using two different cbct scanners for orthodontic purposes
Authors: Dalessandri Domenico , Bracco Pietro , Paganelli Corrado , Hernandez Soler Vicente , Martin Conchita 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBackgroundThere are many cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanners available on the market: detector technology, algorithm precision, and scanner settings influence image quality. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of linear measurements made on images of the same sample obtained using two different CBCT scanners.MethodsTwenty‐eight linear measurements between orthodontic anatomical landmarks that were marked with gutta‐percha points on a fresh sacrificed lamb head were taken three times. The head was scanned with two CBCT scanners using different scanning parameters. Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images were reconstructed and the same measurements were taken three times by the same operator. Measurements were repeated 4 months later by two operators.ResultsThere was minimal, clinically significant difference between the measurements taken with the digital caliper or CBCT scanners, but there was no difference between the two different scanners.ConclusionsThere is no clinically significant difference between these two scanners; a difference was found between the CBCT and real anatomical measurements in only a few cases. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Component structure of the vacant set induced by a random walk on a random graph
Authors: Cooper Colin , Frieze Alan 
Published: February 2012

AbstractWe consider random walks on several classes of graphs and explore the likely structure of the vacant set, i.e. the set of unvisited vertices. Let Γ(t) be the subgraph induced by the vacant set of the walk at step t. We show that for random graphs Gn,p (above the connectivity threshold) and for random regular graphs Gr,r ≥ 3, the graph Γ(t) undergoes a phase transition in the sense of the well‐known ErdJW‐RSAT1100590x.png ‐Renyi phase transition. Thus for t ≤ (1 ‐ ε)t*, there is a unique giant component, plus components of size O(log n), and for t ≥ (1 + ε)t* all components are of size O(log n). For Gn,p and Gr we give the value of t*, and the size of Γ(t). For Gr, we also give the degree sequence of Γ(t), the size of the giant component (if any) of Γ(t) and the number of tree components of Γ(t) of a given size k = O(log n). We also show that for random digraphs Dn,p above the strong connectivity threshold, there is a similar directed phase transition. Thus for t ≤ (1 ‐ ε)t*, there is a unique strongly connected giant component, plus strongly connected components of size O(log n), and for t ≥ (1 + ε)t* all strongly connected components are of size O(log n). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2012
A secure mutual authentication scheme for session initiation protocol using elliptic curve cryptography
Authors: He Debiao , Chen Jianhua , Chen Yitao 
Published: February 2012

ABSTRACTThe session initiation protocol (SIP) is one of the most important protocols supporting multimedia services. With the wide spread of the internet, the security of SIP is becoming more and more important. In 2009, Tsai proposed an efficient authentication scheme as an enhancement to SIP. However, Arshad et al. demonstrated that Tsai's scheme was vulnerable to the off‐line password‐guessing attack and the stolen‐verifier attack. They also pointed out that Tsai's scheme did not provide known‐key secrecy and perfect forward secrecy. To overcome the weaknesses, Arshad et al. also proposed an improved authentication scheme based on the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem for SIP and claimed that their scheme can withstand various attacks. In this paper, we do a cryptanalysis of the scheme by Arshad et al., and we show that their scheme is vulnerable to the off‐line password‐guessing attack. We also propose an improved authentication scheme based on the elliptic curve cryptography for SIP which is immune to the presented attacks. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Exfoliation and Reassembly of Cobalt Oxide Nanosheets into a Reversible Lithium‐Ion Battery Cathode
Authors: Compton Owen C. , Abouimrane Ali , An Zhi , Palmeri Marc J. , Brinson L. Catherine , Amine Khalil , Nguyen SonBinh T. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractAn exfoliation–reassembly–activation (ERA) approach to lithium‐ion battery cathode fabrication is introduced, demonstrating that inactive HCoO2 powder can be converted into a reversible Li1‐xHxCoO2 thin‐film cathode. This strategy circumvents the inherent difficulties often associated with the powder processing of the layered solids typically employed as cathode materials. The delamination of HCoO2 via a combination of chemical and mechanical exfoliation generates a highly processable aqueous dispersion of [CoO2]− nanosheets that is critical to the ERA approach. Following vacuum‐assisted self‐assembly to yield a thin‐film cathode and ion exchange to activate this material, the generated cathodes exhibit excellent cyclability and discharge capacities approaching that of low‐temperature‐prepared LiCoO2 (~83 mAh g−1), with this good electrochemical performance attributable to the high degree of order in the reassembled cathode.
Experimental Design for the Mechanism Study of Lime Dissolution in Liquid Slag
Authors: Deng Tengfei , Glaser Björn , Sichen Du 
Published: February 2012

AbstractThe applicability of rotating rod technique in the study of lime dissolution in slag was investigated. Both computational fluid dynamic (CFD) and cold model experiments showed that the mass transfer due to radial velocity introduced by forced convection was zero if the rod was long. The mass transfer by forced convection was also less important in comparison with natural convection and diffusion when the rod was half length of the height of the bath. This finding was in accordance with the criteria put forward by the original work that the method could only be applicable when a thin disk (instead of rod) with big diameter and big liquid bath were used. To study the lime dissolution by forced convection a new experimental technique was developed. A cube was placed in the slag that was eccentrically stirred. The whole system, viz. the sample along with the slag could be quenched. The new technique could study the effect of forced convection on the dissolution. The microscopic study on the quenched slag‐lime samples could reveal the dissolution mechanism successfully.
Targeted therapy for biliary tract cancers
Authors: Faris Jason E. , Zhu Andrew X. 
Published: February 2012

AbstractBiliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a heterogeneous group of malignancies, with a historically poor prognosis as a whole. Until recently, the development of effective therapeutics was hampered by the relatively low incidence, heterogeneity in patients and tumors, and correspondingly poor clinical trial enrollments. With the publication of the landmark phase III ABC‐02 trial demonstrating the superiority of gemcitabine and cisplatin combination chemotherapy, the landscape changed for the development of new agents. Despite this progress, there are currently no approved targeted agents for BTC. This review will focus on recent developments in targeted therapeutics, directed against several key signaling pathways in BTC, including epidermal growth factor receptor, angiogenesis, and the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. Data from recent phase I and II trials will be discussed, along with a preview of upcoming trials involving targeted therapies.
Antiangiogenic therapy for advanced renal cell carcinoma: Management of treatment-related toxicities
Authors: Cohen Roger B. , Oudard Stéphane 
Published: February 2012

Summary
Treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has evolved rapidly over the last two decades as major pathways involved in pathogenesis have been elucidated. These include the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) axis and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Therapies targeting the VEGF pathway include bevacizumab, sorafenib, sunitinib, pazopanib, and axitinib, whereas temsirolimus and everolimus inhibit the mTOR pathway. All of these novel therapies—VEGF and mTOR inhibitors—are associated with a variety of unique toxicities, some of which may necessitate expert medical management, treatment interruption, or dose reduction. Common adverse events with newer drugs include hypertension, skin reactions, gastrointestinal disturbances, thyroid dysfunction, and fatigue. Skilled management of these toxicities is vital to ensure optimal therapeutic dosing and maximize patient outcomes, including improved survival and quality of life. This review describes and compares the toxicity profiles of novel molecularly targeted agents used in the treatment of mRCC and presents guidance on how best to prevent and manage treatment-related toxicities. Particular attention is given to axitinib, the newest agent to enter the armamentarium. Axitinib is a second-generation receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potent VEGF receptor inhibition that provides durable responses and superior progression-free survival in advanced RCC compared with sorafenib.