bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing Conferred by the Ectopic Expression of the Grapevine miRNA-g1 and Inhibition of the Response by Anti-miRNA-g1 Inhibitor
Authors: Repka Vladimír , Čarná Mária 
Published: December 2011

Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing Conferred by the Ectopic Expression of the Grapevine miRNA-g1 and Inhibition of the Response by Anti-miRNA-g1 Inhibitor
Our results show that a subset (miRNA cluster 1) of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L., cv. Limberger) microRNAs (miRNAs) can be strongly induced by different apoptosis inducers including methyl jasmonate (MeJA), botrycin, cinerein and/or H2O2. We report here that the expression of endogenous miRNA-g1 and miRNA-g7 can be efficiently silenced in grapevine protoplasts using artificial miRNA (amiRNA) technology. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ectopic expression of amiRNAs (anti-mir miRNA-g1 and pre-mir miRNA-g1) designed to target a mature miRNA-g1 directs jasmonate-induced silencing against DAD1 protein (defender against death 1). These collective results strongly support the idea that a sub-population of grapevine miRNAs induced by apoptosis may function in one of the most critical defense systems for structural and mechanical fitness.
Bimetallic MOF‐Based Fibrous Device for Noninvasive Bilirubin Sensing
Authors: Lu Zihan , Xiao Zhijia , Wang Jinlong , Zhao Zhe , Huang Jiayuan , Cui Jizhai , Mei Yongfeng , Huang Gaoshan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractNoninvasive and real‐time detection of bilirubin concentration enables rapid assessment of liver health status and the diagnosis of jaundice‐related diseases. Herein, the study proposes a strategy to uniformly grow bimetallic FeCo metal–organic framework (MOF) films onto the surface of carbonized electrospun nanofibers via a stepwise growth strategy involving an induction effect of oxide nanomembrane prepared by atomic layer deposition, to realize high‐performance flexible nanofiber bilirubin sensors. Compared with monometallic MOF, the FeCo bimetallic MOF can attain a larger specific surface area, thus augmenting the exposed active sites. Furthermore, the synergistic interaction between the bimetallic active sites on the MOF film and the carbonized nanofibers enhances the electronic conduction network, thereby significantly enhancing the catalytic activity of the flexible electrode for bilirubin. The current nanofibers sensor exhibits excellent performance in bilirubin detection, in terms of high sensitivity, large linear detection range, and low detection limit. The synthesis of bimetallic MOF films on flexible fibers holds promise for the development of highly sensitive electrodes for wearable bilirubin detection devices.
Nanolaminate‐Induced Mechanically and Environmentally Robust Al2O3/TiO2 Thin Film Encapsulation by Low‐Temperature Atomic Layer Deposition: Toward Flexible and Wearable OLEDs
Authors: Oh Seung Jin , Lee Sun‐Woo , Lee Hyeongjun , Kim Hyeunwoo , Kim Taek‐Soo , Kwon Jeong Hyun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe growing demand for low‐temperature thin‐film encapsulation (TFE) in advanced flexible and wearable organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) has intensified to mitigate thermal issues, which deteriorate the device performance. Herein, Al2O3/TiO2 nanolaminates (A/T NLs)are introduced and fabricated via thermal atomic layer deposition at an exceptionally low temperature of 40 °C, which exhibited enhanced mechanical and environmental robustness. Compared to the single‐layer Al2O3 and TiO2 thin films (0.06% and 0.31%), the A/T NLs with sublayer thickness under 15 nm exhibit dramatic improvement in elongation (0.46–0.53%), attributed to the effective decoupling of critical defects by the Al2O3/TiO2 interfaces. Furthermore, the A/T NLs with 3 nm‐thick‐sublayer demonstrate highly improved water vapor transmission rates of 9.48 × 10−5 g m−2 day−1, making them promising candidates for TFE in wearable OLEDs. Notably, the optimized A/T NL‐encapsulated wearable phosphorescent OLEDs (phOLEDs) exhibit extended lifetimes (LT70), surpassing 200 h in the accelerated environmental conditions (40 °C/90% RH) which is 40 times longer lifetimes compared to the not encapsulated OLEDs. Additionally, the A/T NL‐encapsulated wearable phOLEDs displayed mechanical endurance, enduring 125 h even under the bending strain of 0.4% compared to the Al2O3‐ and TiO2‐encapsulated OLEDs (4 and 18 h).
Manipulation and Mechanistic Understanding of Exciton Spin Dynamics in a Chiral Inorganic Nanosystem via Facile pH‐Regulation
Authors: Wu Qinglong , Jiang Shenlong , Zhang Qun , Luo Yi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study demonstrates effective manipulation of exciton spin dynamics in a prototypical chiral inorganic nanosystem, i.e., cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanosheets capped with chiral cysteine ligands in aqueous solution, via facile pH‐regulation that can directly modify the electronic coupling between CdSe and cysteine's thiol group through Cd─S bonding. The comparative scrutiny by using transient circular dichroism spectroscopy enables to decipher the pertinent mechanisms behind the pH‐regulated spin‐flip dynamics. The hole‐trapping interaction between the valence‐band heavy‐hole spin state of CdSe and the cysteine‐induced “extrinsic” surface state is found to play a dominant role in prolonging the hole spin relaxation lifetime (by more than threefold). This study also demonstrates a relevant application in modulating the sensitivity of circularly polarized light detection. This work sets a paradigm for harnessing the elusive interactions in chiral inorganic nanosystems to achieve desired spin‐polarization regulation, refreshing the fundamental understanding about the mechanisms of spin dynamics involved therein.
The risk of Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment characteristics in eight mental disorders: A UK Biobank observational study and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Liu Yiliang , Xiao Xuewen , Yang Yang , Yao Rui , Yang Qijie , Zhu Yuan , Yang Xuan , Zhang Sizhe , Shen Lu , Jiao Bin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe cognitive impairment patterns and the association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in mental disorders remain poorly understood.METHODSWe analyzed data from 486,297 UK Biobank participants, categorizing them by mental disorder history to identify the risk of AD and the cognitive impairment characteristics. Causation was further assessed using Mendelian randomization (MR).RESULTSAD risk was higher in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD; hazard ratio [HR] = 2.37, P < 0.01) and major depressive disorder (MDD; HR = 1.63, P < 0.001). MR confirmed a causal link between BD and AD (ORIVW = 1.098), as well as obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) and AD (ORIVW = 1.050). Cognitive impairments varied, with BD and schizophrenia showing widespread deficits, and OCD affecting complex task performance.DISCUSSIONObservational study and MR provide consistent evidence that mental disorders are independent risk factors for AD. Mental disorders exhibit distinct cognitive impairment prior to dementia, indicating the potential different mechanisms in AD pathogenesis. Early detection of these impairments in mental disorders is crucial for AD prevention.Highlights
This is the most comprehensive study that investigates the risk and causal relationships between a history of mental disorders and the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), alongside exploring the cognitive impairment characteristics associated with different mental disorders.
Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) exhibited the highest risk of developing AD (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.37, P < 0.01), followed by those with major depressive disorder (MDD; HR = 1.63, P < 0.001). Individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) showed a borderline higher risk of AD (HR = 2.36, P = 0.056).
Two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) confirmed a causal association between BD and AD (ORIVW = 1.098, P < 0.05), as well as AD family history (proxy‐AD, ORIVW = 1.098, P < 0.001), and kept significant after false discovery rate correction. MR also identified a nominal significant causal relationship between the obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) spectrum and AD (ORIVW = 1.050, P < 0.05).
Individuals with SCZ, BD, and MDD exhibited impairments in multiple cognitive domains with distinct patterns, whereas those with OCD showed only slight declines in complex tasks.
Teacher digital identity divergences: From teacher education to classroom
Authors: Trevisan Ottavia 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDespite high‐quality initial teacher education (ITE), a notable proportion of newly graduated teachers encounter a stark reality shock upon entering the profession, facing burnout and suboptimal teaching performance. While internships during ITE are often seen as a potential solution to bridge the gap between theory and practice, their effectiveness is questioned. This multiple‐case study (N = 38) delves into the ideals and attributes of teacher identities as perceived by preservice teachers in both ITE and internship contexts, with a specific focus on the role of digital technology in education. The interview findings highlight an expectation gap and a susceptibility to succumb to contextual pressures, even within the sheltered environments of internships. This study advocates for closer collaboration between ITE and internship settings to uphold the development of a sound teacher identity and sustain teacher resilience in the increasingly digitalised educational landscape.
A highly sensitive fluorescence sensor for tobacco mosaic virus RNA based on DSN cycle and ARGET ATRP double signal amplification
Authors: Jin Zhenyu , Ma Lele , Zhang Yuting , Chen Luyao , Yang Huaixia , Liu Yanju , Guo Liang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly and sensitive detection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is of great significance for improving crop yield and protecting germplasm resources. Herein, we constructed a novel fluorescence sensor to detect TMV RNA (tRNA) through double strand specific nuclease (DSN) cycle and activator regenerative electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) dual signal amplification strategy. The hairpin DNA complementarily paired with tRNA was used as a recognition unit to specifically capture tRNA. By the double‐stranded DNA hydrolyzed with DSN, tRNA is released to open more hairpin DNA, and more complementary DNA (cDNA) is bound to the surface of the magnetic beads (MBs) to achieve the first amplification. After binding with the initiator, the cDNA employed ARGET ATRP to attach more fluorescent signal molecules to the surface of MBs, thus achieving the second signal amplification. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the logarithm of fluorescence intensity versus tRNA concentration showed a good linear relationship in the range of 0.01–100 pM, with a detection limit of 1.03 fM. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated according to LOD = 3 N/S. Besides, the sensor showed good reproducibility and stability, which present provided new method for early and highly sensitive detection for plant viruses.
Graph‐theoretical chirality measure and chirality–property relations for chemical structures with multiscale mirror asymmetries
Authors: Cha Minjeong , Ma Jessica , Kim Ji‐Young , Emre Emine Sumeyra Turali , Kotov Nicholas A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChirality is an essential geometric property unifying small molecules, biological macromolecules, inorganic nanomaterials, biological microparticles, and many other chemical structures. Numerous chirality measures have attempted to quantify this geometric property of mirror asymmetry and to correlate these measures with physical and chemical properties. However, their utility has been widely limited because these correlations have been largely notional. Furthermore, chirality measures also require prohibitively demanding computations, especially for chiral structures comprised of thousands of atoms. Acknowledging the fundamental problems with quantification of mirror asymmetry, including the ambiguity of sign‐variable pseudoscalar chirality measures, we revisit this subject because of the significance of quantifying chirality for quantitative biomimetics and describing the chirality of nanoscale materials that display chirality continuum and scale‐dependent mirror asymmetry. We apply the concept of torsion within the framework of differential geometry to the graph theoretical representation of chiral molecules and nanostructures to address some of the fundamental problems and practical limitations of other chirality measures. Chiral gold clusters and other chiral structures are used as models to elaborate a graph‐theoretical chirality (GTC) measure, demonstrating its applicability to chiral materials with different degrees of chirality at different scales. For specific cases, we show that GTC provides an adequate description of both the sign and magnitude of mirror asymmetry. The direct correlations with macroscopic properties, such as chiroptical spectra, are enhanced by using the hybrid chirality measures combining parameters from discrete mathematics and physics. Taking molecular helices as an example, we established a direct relation between GTC and optical activity, indicating that this chirality measure can be applied to chiral metamaterials and complex chiral constructs.
Protonation Effects on the Benzoxazine Formation Pathways and Products Distribution
Authors: Ribeiro Francisco W. M. , Omari Isaac , Scott McIndoe J. , Correra Thiago C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe effect of acidic media on the formation of the 3,4‐dihydro‐2H‐3‐phenyl‐1,3‐benzoxazine Bz is evaluated, focusing on the differentiation of intermediates and products formed by the distinct pathways observed in the presence and absence of acid. The use of real‐time mass spectrometry (PSI‐ESI‐MS) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry and infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) allowed the differentiation of the species observed during the synthesis of benzoxazines in these different conditions. The results suggest that formic acid promotes the formation of aniline and phenol condensation products (IC and IIC) by protecting the aniline amino group and enhancing the formaldehyde electrophilicity. The results also suggest that although the presence of acid allow a more efficient potential energy landscape to be accessed, the last cyclization step for the formation of benzoxazines cannot be mediated by the protonation route intermediate (ROP Bz). Overall, the conclusions presented here provide important information about the synthesis of benzoxazines under acidic conditions, allowing the development of optimal reaction conditions.
Computational Screening of Hydrophobic Zeolites for the Removal of Emerging Organic Contaminants from Water
Authors: Brauer Jakob , Fischer Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe pollution of water resources by pharmaceuticals and agents of personal care products (PPCPs) poses an increasingly pressing issue that has received considerable attention from scientists and government agencies alike. Hydrophobic zeolites can serve as selective adsorbents to remove these contaminants from aqueous solution. So far, the adsorption of PPCPs in zeolites has often been investigated in case studies focusing on a small number of contaminants and one or a few zeolites. We present a computational screening approach to investigate the interaction of 53 PPCPs with 14 all‐silica zeolites, aiming at a more comprehensive understanding of factors that are beneficial for a strong host‐guest interaction and thus an efficient adsorption. The systems are modelled on the classical force field level of theory, allowing for the efficient computational treatment of a large number of PPCP‐zeolite combinations and evaluated in terms of the interaction energy between PPCP and zeolite framework. For selected PPCP‐zeolite combinations additional Free Energy Perturbation simulations are employed to compute Free Energies of Transfer between the aqueous phase and the adsorbed state. These results can serve as a starting point for experimental studies of relevant PPCP‐zeolite combination or more in‐depth theoretical investigations.
Discovery and Engineering of a Bacterial (+)‐Pulegone Reductase for Efficient (−)‐Menthol Biosynthesis
Authors: Wu Qiong , Li Hai‐Peng , Liu Ya , Shou Chao , Chen Qi , Xu Jian‐He , Li Chun‐Xiu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe biosynthesis of valuable plant‐derived monoterpene (−)‐menthol from readily available feedstocks (e. g., (−)‐limonene) is of great significance because of the high market demand for this product. However, biotransforming (+)‐pulegone into (−)‐menthone, the (−)‐menthol precursor, through (+)‐pulegone reductase (PGR) catalysis is inefficient because of the poor protein expression or catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) of plant origin PGRs. In this study, a novel bacterial PGR from Pseudomonas resinovorans (PrPGR) was identified, and the most successful variant, PrPGRM2‐1 (A50 V/G53 W), was obtained, showing respective 20‐fold and 204‐fold improvements in specific activity and catalytic efficiency. PrPGRM2‐1 was employed to bioreduce (+)‐pulegone, resulting in 4.4‐fold and 35‐fold enhancements in (−)‐menthone titers compared with the bioreductions catalyzed by wild‐type (WT) PrPGR and MpPGR, respectively. Furthermore, a whole‐cell biocatalyst containing PrPGRM2‐1, MpMMR, and BstFDH was constructed and achieved the highest (−)‐menthol titer reported to date without externally supplemented NADPH/NADP+. Overall, this study details an efficient PGR with high catalytic efficiency that possesses great potential for (−)‐menthol biosynthesis.
The cenobamate KORK study—A prospective monocenter observational study investigating cenobamate as an adjunctive therapy in refractory epilepsy, with comparisons to historical cohorts treated with add‐on lacosamide, perampanel, and brivaracetam
Authors: Steinhoff Bernhard J. , Georgiou Dimitra , Intravooth Tassanai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveIn Europe, cenobamate has been approved for use as an adjunctive therapy in adult patients with epilepsy (PWE) with focal‐onset seizures (FOS) who have not responded satisfactorily to treatment with at least two antiseizure medications (ASMs). Pivotal trials and real‐world observational studies have demonstrated a high efficacy of cenobamate, even in very difficult‐to‐treat epilepsies. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy of add‐on cenobamate in adult PWE who were prospectively monitored. We compared these results with those previously obtained for add‐on lacosamide, perampanel, and brivaracetam therapy.MethodsPatients were enrolled from the CENKORK study, which is a prospective, non‐interventional, open‐label, monocenter cohort study of adult PWE experiencing FOS. The titration of cenobamate was performed according to the guidelines outlined in the summary of product characteristics. The primary outcome measure was the retention rate at 6 months and 1 year. In addition, we assessed seizure‐free rates, the proportion of patients achieving at least a 50% seizure reduction, adverse events, and the reasons for treatment discontinuation. These outcome measures were compared with historical controls treated with adjunctive lacosamide, perampanel, or brivaracetam at our center.ResultsBetween June 2021 and 2022, 172 PWE with ongoing FOS were included. 22 cases were lost to follow‐up, leaving 150 cases for the 1‐year assessment. The retention rates at 6 months and 1 year were 88.7% and 80%, respectively. Seizure freedom was achieved in 14% of patients at both the 6‐month and 1‐year marks, while the ≥50% responder rates were 50% and 61%, respectively. The 6‐month retention rate was significantly higher in cenobamate than in other ASMs (p < 0.001 for each comparator). Adverse events were significantly more common with perampanel (p < 0.001).SignificanceAdd‐on cenobamate proved to be particularly efficacious compared to our experience with other recently introduced ASMs.Plain Language SummaryThis observational study was carried out in 172 adult patients with difficult‐to‐treat epilepsy who were treated with adjunctive cenobamate. After 1 year, the data of 150 patients could be analyzed. Seizure freedom, in the preceding 3 months, was achieved in 14%. The rate of PWE continuing cenobamate was 80%. In our hands, cenobamate showed promising efficacy and tolerability even when compared to other recently introduced antiseizure medications.
Potential Hazards of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Great Lakes Tributaries Using Water Column and Porewater Passive Samplers and Sediment Equilibrium Partitioning
Authors: Baldwin Austin K. , Corsi Steven R. , Alvarez David A. , Villeneuve Daniel L. , Ankley Gerald T. , Blackwell Brett R. , Mills Marc A. , Lenaker Peter L. , Nott Michelle A. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The potential for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-related effects in benthic organisms is commonly estimated from organic carbon-normalized sediment concentrations based on equilibrium partitioning (EqP). Although this approach is useful for screening purposes, it may overestimate PAH bioavailability by orders of magnitude in some sediments, leading to inflated exposure estimates and potentially unnecessary remediation costs. Recently, passive samplers have been shown to provide an accurate assessment of the freely dissolved concentrations of PAHs, and thus their bioavailability and possible biological effects, in sediment porewater and overlying surface water. We used polyethylene passive sampling devices (PEDs) to measure freely dissolved porewater and water column PAH concentrations at 55 Great Lakes (USA/Canada) tributary locations. The potential for PAH-related biological effects using PED concentrations were estimated with multiple approaches by applying EqP, water quality guidelines, and pathway-based biological activity based on in vitro bioassay results from ToxCast. Results based on the PED-based exposure estimates were compared with EqP-derived exposure estimates for concurrently collected sediment samples. The results indicate a potential overestimation of bioavailable PAH concentrations by up to 960-fold using the EqP-based method compared with measurements using PEDs. Even so, PED-based exposure estimates indicate a high potential for PAH-related biological effects at 14 locations. Our findings provide an updated, weight-of-evidence–based site prioritization to help guide possible future monitoring and mitigation efforts. Environ Toxicol Chem 2024;43:1509–1523. © 2024 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
PAH-related biological effects based on different hazard assessment methods. PAH = polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; ΣESBTU = sum equilibrium partitioning sediment benchmark toxic unit; TQ = toxicity quotient; ΣIWTU = sum interstitial water toxic unit; ΣEAR = sum exposure-activity ratio; ΣWCTU = sum water column toxic unit.