bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adrenocortical tumours in children: our experience with nine cases
Authors: CACCIARI E. , CICOGNANI A. , PIRAZZOLI P. , PAOLUCCI G. , MANCINI A. , TASSINARI D. , PASCUCCI M.G. , TACCONI M. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Nine cases of adrenocortical tumor are presented, six were males. Four were less than three years and five were between 5 and 10 years of age. Clinical virilization was found in 8 children, one had only signs of hypercortisolism and another showed signs of virilization and hypercortisolism simultaneously. Urinary 17-KS and 17-OHCS were high in all patients. Plasma levels of testosterone and of the other adrenal androgens were high in all the cases tested. Plasma level of cortisol was elevated only in few cases. In two out of five cases steroids were only partially suppressed by dexamethasone. Computed tomography and abdominal sonography have been useful tods for the localization of the tumour. The resection of the tumour, indipendent of hystopathological diagnosis, led to a complete normalization of the clinical and hormonal picture in eight cases evaluated at a distance of 2 months 10 years after surgery. In one case a hepatic metastasis was observed and removed three years after surgery.
Adrenocortical tumours are rare (Javadpour et al., 1980) and the vast majority of them are hormone secreting. Although cases have been described which showed feminilization and hyperaldosteronism (Bacon & Lowrey, 1965; Bhettay & Bormici, 1977; Crane et al., 1961; Gauguly et al., 1980), virilization and hypercortisolism are most commonly found (Hayles et al., 1966).
This paper illustrates our experience with nine cases of adrenocortical tumour, eight of whom showed inappropriate virilization with or without hypercortisolism and one of whom was a classic case of Cushing's syndrome.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia: molecular mechanisms resulting in 21-hydroxylase deficiency
Authors: Donohoue Patricia A. , Van Dop Cornelis , Jospe Nicholas , Migeon Claude J. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
21-Hydroxylase deficiency resulting in congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a HLA-linked autosomal recessive disorder that has a wide range of phenotypic expression. Two homologous 21-hydroxylase genes (21-OHA and 21-OHB) occur within the Class III region of the major histocompatibility complex, but only one (21-OHB) appears to function in adrenal steroidogenesis. Our restriction maps, and initial sequence data from White et al. (Pediatr Res 20:274A (1986)) for the two human 21-OH genes reveal a high degree of homology between these genes and a reading frame shift mutation in the 21-OHA gene respectively. Among fourteen control subjects, the intragenic restriction patterns of the 21-OHA and 21-OHB genes are invariant. The few restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) found in some controls result from polymorphic restriction sites outside the 21-OH genes. In patients with CAH, several different mechanisms for mutation of the 21-OHB gene have been described: 1) deletion of the unique sequences of the 21-OHB gene, 2) conversion of the unique sequences of the 21-OHB gene to those of 21-OHA, and 3) mutations of 21-OHB which do not result in a detectable alteration of restriction pattern (e.g., point mutations). Duplication of the 21-OHA gene has been found in some patients with attenuated CAH; however, the significance of this finding remains unclear.
The interrelationships of thyroid and growth hormones: effect of growth hormone releasing hormone in hypo- and hyperthyroid male rats
Authors: ROOT Allen W. , SHULMAN Dorothy , ROOT Jennifer , DIAMOND Frank 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACT
Growth hormone (GH) and the thyroid hormones interact in the hypothalamus, pituitary and peripheral tissues. Thyroid hormone exerts a permissive effect upon the anabolic and metabolic effects of GH, and increases pituitary synthesis of this protein hormone. GH depresses the secretion of thyrotropin and the thyroid hormones and increases the peripheral conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine. In the adult male rat experimental hypothyroidism produced by ingestion of propylthiouracil depresses the GH secretory response to GH-releasing hormone in vivo and in vitro, reflecting the lowered pituitary stores of GH in the hypothyroid state. Short term administration of large amounts of thyroxine with induction of the hyperthyroid state does not affect the in vivo GH secretory response to GH-releasing hormone in this animal.
Effect of iodine intake and methimazole on lymphocytic thyroiditis in the BB/W rat
Authors: Braverman Lewis E. , Paul Terri , Reinhardt Walter , Appel Michael C. , Allen Elsie M. 
Published: October 2009

Abstract. Spontaneous LT and elevated serum anti-Tg occur in the diabetes prone BB/W rat, but thyroid function is essentially normal in the rats with LT.
Prolonged low dose MMI decreases the incidence of LT in BB/W rats.
The administration of excess iodine beginning at 30 days of age markedly accelerates the occurrence of LT and anti-Tg at 90 days of age. Low iodine intake decreases the incidence of LT. Excess iodine intake did not induce LT in W-line, Wistar-Furth, and SpragueDawley rats. This suggests that iodine induced LT occurs only in genetically susceptible rats.
Despite the increased incidence of LT during iodine administration, thyroid function remains essentially normal. This is in contrast to the frequent induction of hypothyroidism following iodine administration to euthyroid patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
In order to decrease thyroid reserve, rats were hemiTX at 30 days of age. The administration of iodine markedly increased the incidence of LT and serum anti-Tg, increased the weight of the remaining lobe, and induced hypothyroidism as determined by significantly lower serum T4 and T3 concentrations and elevated serum TSH concentrations.
Excess iodine administration to hemi-TX W-line rats (genetically equivalent, non-diabetes, non-LT prone BB/W rats) did not induce LT but did induce hypothyroidism, suggesting that BB/W and W-line rats are susceptible to iodine induced hypothyroidism, perhaps unrelated to the induction of LT.
Excess iodine did not induce LT or affect thyroid function in hemi-TX Wistar-Furth and Sprague-Dawley rats.
Tuberculous spondylitis in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing chronic hemodialysis therapy — Report of two cases
Authors: Kostov Kosta , Yovchevski Plamen , Petrov Ivan 
Published: October 2009

Abstract
Tuberculous spondylitis is more common in patients with chronic renal failure who receive hemodialysis because of their abnormal T-cell-mediated immunity. It frequently poses both diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. We describe two cases of tuberculous spondylitis in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis therapy. They are IFN-γ assay diagnosed (QuantiFERON-TB Gold) and conservatively treated. Our cases suggest that IFN-γ assays equip clinicians with more accurate tools for tuberculosis control. A combination of T-SPOT.TB testing and MRI assessment may be the accurate method to diagnose tuberculous spondylitis in patients with end-stage renal disease.
The Effect of Ovariectomy and Estrogen on Penetrating Brain Arterioles and Blood‐Brain Barrier Permeability
Authors: Cipolla Marilyn J. , Godfrey Julie A. , Wiegman Marchien J. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTObjective: We investigated the effect of estrogen replacement on the structure and function of penetrating brain arterioles (PA) and blood‐brain barrier (BBB) permeability.Materials and Methods: Female ovariectomized Sprague‐Dawley rats were replaced with estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3) (OVX + E;N=13) and compared to ovariectomized animals without replacement (OVX; N=14) and intact controls (CTL, proestrous; N=13). Passive and active diameters, percent tone, and passive distensibility of pressurized PA were compared. In addition, BBB permeability to Lucifer Yellow, a marker of transcellular transport, was compared in cerebral arteries.Results: Ovariectomy increased myogenic tone in PA, compared to CTL, that was not ameliorated by estrogen treatment. Percent tone at 75 mmHg for CTL vs. OVX and OVX + E was 44±3% vs. 51±1% and 54±3% (P<0.01 vs. CTL for both). No differences were found in passive diameters or distensibility between the groups. BBB permeability increased 500% in OVX vs. CTL animals; however, estrogen replacement restored barrier properties: flux of Lucifer Yellow for CTL, OVX, and OVX + E was (ng/mL): 3.4±1.2, 20.2±5.3 (P<0.01 vs. CTL), and 6.15±1.2 (n.s.).Conclusions: These results suggest that estrogen replacement may not be beneficial for small‐vessel disease in the brain, but may limit BBB disruption and edema under conditions that cause it.
A mathematical model of vasoreactivity in rat mesenteric arterioles: I. Myoendothelial communication
Authors: Kapela Adam , Bezerianos Anastasios , Tsoukias Nikolaos M. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTTo study the effect of myoendothelial communication on vascular reactivity, we integrated detailed mathematical models of Ca2+ dynamics and membrane electrophysiology in arteriolar smooth muscle (SMC) and endothelial (EC) cells. Cells are coupled through the exchange of Ca2+, Cl−, K+, and Na+ ions, inositol 1,4,5‐triphosphate (IP3), and the paracrine diffusion of nitric oxide (NO). EC stimulation reduces intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+ in the SMC by transmitting a hyperpolarizing current carried primarily by K+. The NO‐independent endothelium‐derived hyperpolarization was abolished in a synergistic‐like manner by inhibition of EC SKCa and IKCa channels. During NE stimulation, IP3diffusing from the SMC induces EC Ca2+ release, which, in turn, moderates SMC depolarization and [Ca2+]i elevation. On the contrary, SMC [Ca2+]i was not affected by EC‐derived IP3. Myoendothelial Ca2+ fluxes had no effect in either cell. The EC exerts a stabilizing effect on calcium‐induced calcium release‐dependent SMC Ca2+ oscillations by increasing the norepinephrine concentration window for oscillations. We conclude that a model based on independent data for subcellular components can capture major features of the integrated vessel behavior. This study provides a tissue‐specific approach for analyzing complex signaling mechanisms in the vasculature.
Determinants of Tobacco Use in a Selected Urban Area of Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Gias , Rahman Md Mizanur , Hussain Syed Md Akram 
Published: October 2009

Tobacco consumption is harmful to health, and is one of the main causes of death in worldwide. It is evident that the prevalence of tobacco consumption is raising in most of low and middle income countries. Considering this, a cross sectional study was conducted in a selected urban area of southern Bangladesh with a view to assessing the prevalence of tobacco consumption and factors affecting the use of tobacco use. Multistage cluster sampling technique was adopted to select the urban ward and the respondents were selected systematically. A total of 399 respondents were interviewed face to face using a semi-structured interview schedule. Analysis shows that 30% of the population of aged 18 years above were currently using tobacco of any form. The mean age of starting tobacco use was 18.8 years. The most frequent form of tobacco use was smoking cigarette followed by Zarda with betal quid. Multivariate analysis revealed that illiterate respondents were 3.3 times more tobacco users than their educated counterparts. It was also higher among the Muslims (OR=4.979; 95% CI=1.255-19.754). Tobacco use was also high among the labourer (OR=8.541; 95% CI=2.422-30.120) and businessmen (OR=7.727, 95% CI=2.501-23.875). However, no statistically significant association was found between current tobacco use and age, sex, housing condition and knowledge on tobacco use (p>0.05). The finding of this study suggests that as tobacco use is more prevalent among the poor and illiterate segment of the population, strong implementation of anti-tobacco legislation is warranted. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v38i2.3573 Bangladesh Medical Journal 38(2) 2009 48-52
Atypical Presentation of Vulval Tuberculosis
Authors: Akther Rabeya , Mohiuddin Md Golam , Afroj Hasina 
Published: October 2009

A 25yrs old lactating women present with membranous lesion of the tongue, painful ulceration of mouth and vulva. The differential diagnosis of vulval ulcer includes various causes of acute vulval lesion usually associated with STD, malignancy and immunosuppressive disease. Later it is diagnosed as a case of vulval tuberculosis. This common lesion is often misdiagnosed, leading unnecessary investigations and treatment. DOI: 10.3329/bmj.v38i2.3577 Bangladesh Medical Journal 38(2) 2009 65-67
Right and Left Weak Approximation Properties in Banach Spaces
Authors: Choi Changsun , Kim Ju Myung , Lee Keun Young 
Published: October 2009

AbstractNew necessary and sufficient conditions are established for Banach spaces to have the approximation property; these conditions are easier to check than the known ones. A shorter proof of a result of Grothendieck is presented, and some properties of a weak version of the approximation property are addressed.
Small Zeros of Quadratic Forms Avoiding a Finite Number of Prescribed Hyperplanes
Authors: Dietmann Rainer 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe prove a new upper bound for the smallest zero x of a quadratic form over a number field with the additional restriction that x does not lie in a finite number of m prescribed hyperplanes. Our bound is polynomial in the height of the quadratic form, with an exponent depending only on the number of variables but not on m.
Matrix Valued Orthogonal Polynomials on the Unit Circle: Some Extensions of the Classical Theory
Authors: Miranian L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIn the work presented below the classical subject of orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle is discussed in the matrix setting. An explicit matrix representation of the matrix valued orthogonal polynomials in terms of the moments of the measure is presented. Classical recurrence relations are revisited using the matrix representation of the polynomials. The matrix expressions for the kernel polynomials and the Christoffel–Darboux formulas are presented for the first time.
On the Rational Points of the Curve f (X,Y)q = h(X)g(X,Y)
Authors: Poulakis Dimitrios 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLet q = 2, 3 and f (X, Y), g(X, Y), h(X) be polynomials with integer coefficients. In this paper we deal with the curve f (X, Y)q = h(X)g(X,Y), and we show that under some favourable conditions it is possible to determine all of its rational points.
2-Clean Rings
Authors: Wang Z. , Chen J. L. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractA ring R is said to be n-clean if every element can be written as a sum of an idempotent and n units. The class of these rings contains clean rings and n-good rings in which each element is a sum of n units. In this paper, we show that for any ring R, the endomorphism ring of a free R-module of rank at least 2 is 2-clean and that the ring B(R) of all ω × ω row and column-finite matrices over any ring R is 2-clean. Finally, the group ring RCn is considered where R is a local ring.
Extension of the Riemann ξ-Function's Logarithmic Derivative Positivity Region to Near the Critical Strip
Authors: Broughan Kevin A. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractIf K is a number field with nk = [k : ℚ], and ξk the symmetrized Dedekind zeta function of the field, the inequalityfor t ≠ 0 is shown to be true for σ ≥ 1 + improving the result of Lagarias where the constant in the inequality was 9. In the case k = ℚ the inequality is extended to σ ≥ 1 for all t sufficiently large or small and to the region σ ≥ 1 + 1/(log t – 5) for all t ≠ 0. This answers positively a question posed by Lagarias.
Essential Surfaces in Graph Link Exteriors
Authors: Ikeda Toru 
Published: October 2009

AbstractAn irreducible graph manifold M contains an essential torus if it is not a special Seifert manifold. WhetherM contains a closed essential surface of negative Euler characteristic or not depends on the difference of Seifert fibrations from the two sides of a torus system which splits M into Seifert manifolds. However, it is not easy to characterize geometrically the class of irreducible graph manifolds which contain such surfaces. This article studies this problem in the case of graph link exteriors.
Amalgamations of Categories
Authors: MacDonald John , Scull Laura 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe consider the pushout of embedding functors in Cat, the category of small categories. We show that if the embedding functors satisfy a 3-for-2 property, then the induced functors to the pushout category are also embeddings. The result follows from the connectedness of certain associated slice categories. The condition is motivated by a similar result for maps of semigroups. We show that our theorem can be applied to groupoids and to inclusions of full subcategories. We also give an example to show that the theorem does not hold when the property only holds for one of the inclusion functors, or when it is weakened to a one-sided condition.
Global Geometrical Coordinates on Falbel's Cross-Ratio Variety
Authors: Parker John R. , Platis Ioannis D. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractFalbel has shown that four pairwise distinct points on the boundary of a complex hyperbolic 2-space are completely determined, up to conjugation in PU(2, 1), by three complex cross-ratios satisfying two real equations. We give global geometrical coordinates on the resulting variety.
Generic Quasi-Convergence for Essentially Strongly Order-Preserving Semiflows
Authors: Yi Taishan , Zou Xingfu 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBy employing the limit set dichotomy for essentially strongly order-preserving semiflows and the assumption that limit sets have infima and suprema in the state space, we prove a generic quasi-convergence principle implying the existence of an open and dense set of stable quasi-convergent points. We also apply this generic quasi-convergence principle to a model for biochemical feedback in protein synthesis and obtain some results about the model which are of theoretical and realistic significance.
Geometric “Floral” Configurations
Authors: Berman Leah Wrenn , Bokowski Jürgen , Grünbaum Branko , Pisanski Tomaž 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWith an increase in size, configurations of points and lines in the plane usually become complicated and hard to analyze. The “floral” configurations we are introducing here represent a new type that makes accessible and visually intelligible even configurations of considerable size. This is achieved by combining a large degree of symmetry with a hierarchical construction. Depending on the details of the interdependence of these aspects, there are several subtypes that are described and investigated.
Transversals with Residue in Moderately Overlapping T(k)-Families of Translates
Authors: Heppes Aladár 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLet K denote an oval, a centrally symmetric compact convex domain with non-empty interior. A family of translates of K is said to have property T(k) if for every subset of at most k translates there exists a common line transversal intersecting all of them. The integer k is the stabbing level of the family. Two translates Ki = K + ci and Kj = K + cj are said to be σ-disjoint if σK + ci and σK + cj are disjoint. A recent Helly-type result claims that for every σ > 0 there exists an integer k(σ) such that if a family of σ-disjoint unit diameter discs has property T(k)|k ≥ k(σ), then there exists a straight line meeting all members of the family. In the first part of the paper we give the extension of this theorem to translates of an oval K. The asymptotic behavior of k(σ) for σ → 0 is considered as well.Katchalski and Lewis proved the existence of a constant r such that for every pairwise disjoint family of translates of an oval K with property T(3) a straight line can be found meeting all but at most r members of the family. In the second part of the paper σ-disjoint families of translates of K are considered and the relation of σ and the residue r is investigated. The asymptotic behavior of r(σ) for σ → 0 is also discussed.
Shaken Rogers's Theorem for Homothetic Sections
Authors: Jerónimo-Castro J. , Montejano L. , Morales-Amaya E. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe shall prove the following shaken Rogers's theorem for homothetic sections: Let K and L be strictly convex bodies and suppose that for every plane H through the origin we can choose continuously sections of K and L, parallel to H, which are directly homothetic. Then K and L are directly homothetic.
On the Bezdek–Pach Conjecture for Centrally Symmetric Convex Bodies
Authors: Lángi Zsolt , Naszódi Márton 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe Bezdek–Pach conjecture asserts that the maximum number of pairwise touching positive homothetic copies of a convex body in ℝd is 2d. Naszódi proved that the quantity in question is not larger than 2d+1. We present an improvement to this result by proving the upper bound 3 · 2d–1 for centrally symmetric bodies. Bezdek and Brass introduced the one-sided Hadwiger number of a convex body. We extend this definition, prove an upper bound on the resulting quantity, and show a connection with the problem of touching homothetic bodies.
Two Volume Product Inequalities and Their Applications
Authors: Stancu Alina 
Published: October 2009

AbstractLet K ⊂ ℝn+1 be a convex body of class C2 with everywhere positive Gauss curvature. We show that there exists a positive number δ(K) such that for any δ ∈ (0, δ(K)) we have Vol(Kδ) · Vol((Kδ)*) ≥ Vol(K) · Vol(K*) ≥ Vol(Kδ) · Vol((Kδ)*), where Kδ, Kδ and K* stand for the convex floating body, the illumination body, and the polar of K, respectively. We derive a few consequences of these inequalities.
A Note on Locally Nilpotent Derivations and Variables of k[X, Y, Z]
Authors: Daigle Daniel , Kaliman Shulim 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe strengthen certain results concerning actions of (ℂ, +) on ℂ3 and embeddings of ℂ2 in ℂ3, and show that these results are in fact valid over any field of characteristic zero.
Computing Polynomials of the Ramanujan tn Class Invariants
Authors: Konstantinou Elisavet , Kontogeorgis Aristides 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWe compute the minimal polynomials of the Ramanujan values tn, where n ≡ 11 mod 24, using the Shimura reciprocity law. These polynomials can be used for defining the Hilbert class field of the imaginary quadratic field and have much smaller coefficients than the Hilbert polynomials.
Rhodium‐Catalysed Coupling of Allylic, Homoallylic, and Bishomoallylic Alcohols with Aldehydes and N‐Tosylimines: Insights into the Mechanism
Authors: Ahlsten Nanna , Martín‐Matute Belén 
Published: October 2009

AbstractThe isomerisation of alkenols followed by reaction with aldehydes or N‐tosylimines catalysed by rhodium complexes has been studied. The catalytically active rhodium complex is formed in situ from commercially available (cyclooctadiene)rhodium(I) chloride dimer [Rh(COD)Cl]2. The tandem process affords aldol and Mannich‐type products in excellent yields. The key to the success of the coupling reaction is the activation of the catalysts by reaction with postassium tert‐butoxide (t‐BuOK), which promotes a catalytic cycle via alkoxides rather than rhodium hydrides. This mechanism minimises the formation of unwanted by‐products. The mechanism has been studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy and deuterium labelling experiments.