bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the interleukin-28b gene polymorphism and the histological severity of hepatitis C virus-induced graft inflammation and the response to antiviral therapy after liver transplantation
Authors: Eurich Dennis , Boas-Knoop Sabine , Ruehl Martin , Schulz Maria , Carrillo Esperanza D. , Berg Thomas , Neuhaus Ruth , Neuhaus Peter , Neumann Ulf Peter , Bahra Marcus 
Published: December 2010

Abstract

Up to 30% of liver transplants will develop graft cirrhosis within 5 years after liver transplantation (LT) due to recurrent HCV-infection forwarding accelerated graft damage. Genetic variants of cytokines involved in the immune response may contribute to the degree of graft inflammation, fibrosis progression, and antiviral therapy outcome. The aim of our study was to analyze biochemical and histological inflammation extent based on protocol liver biopsies and to evaluate the role of genetic variants of IL-28b in HCV-related graft disease and antiviral treatment response. 183 patients, who underwent liver transplantation for HCV-induced liver disease, were genotyped for IL-28b (rs8099917, G ≥ T) by TaqMan Genotyping Assay. 56 of 159 patients have been successfully treated with interferon-based antiviral therapy. 605 protocol liver biopsies performed 0.5 to 10 and more than 10 years after transplantation were evaluated according to Desmet and Scheuer classification of inflammation and fibrosis. Prevalence of IL-28b-genotypes was correlated with histological severity of graft damage, levels of aminotransferases, occurrence of acute cellular rejection, pre-treatment viremia, and antiviral therapy outcome. Significant association of IL-28b-genotype distribution was observed to the median grade of inflammation (p < 0.001), mean levels of aminotransferases (ALT: p = 0.001, AST: p = 0.003), median pre-treatment viremia level within 1 year after LT (p = 0.046) and interferon-based antiviral therapy failure (p < 0.001). Among successfully treated patients, G-allele was significantly less frequent, and the genotype GG was not present at all. No differences were observed regarding acute cellular rejection (p = 0.798) and fibrosis stages (p = 0.586). IL-28b polymorphism seems to influence the degree of graft inflammation at biochemical and histological levels. G-allele might serve as a marker for graft inflammation and as a predictor for unfavorable antiviral therapy outcome in HCV-re-infected LT-population. Liver Transpl, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Reversible Conformational Transitions of a Polymer Brush Containing Boronic Acid and its Interaction with Mucin Glycoprotein
Authors: Ivanov Alexander E. , Solodukhina Nadezda , Wahlgren Marie , Nilsson Lars , Vikhrov Alexander A. , Nikitin Maxim P. , Orlov Alexey V. , Nikitin Petr I. , Kuzimenkova Marina V. , Zubov Vitali P. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractReversible changes of the height of a polymer brush containing phenylboronic acid were studied. The polymer brush thickness underwent reversible changes of 0.5–1 nm, in response to the changes in composition of the contacting aqueous phase from deionized water to bicarbonate buffer and vice versa, apparently due to the conformational transition of the weak polyelectrolyte to the more extended electrically charged state. Adsorption of mucin glycoprotein to the polymer brush took place due to boronate/sugar interactions between the glycoprotein and the graft copolymer and resulted in further increase of the brush height by ca. 1.5 nm, as observed by means of spectral correlation spectroscopy and ellipsometry. magnified image
Novel Oligonucleotide Carrier as Scavenger for Reactive Oxygen Species
Authors: Ikeda Yutaka , Suzuki Rie , Yoshitomi Toru , Nagasaki Yukio 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA novel oligonucleotide carrier which can scavenge ROS is described. The synthesized graft polymer is composed of a PEG segment and a TEMPO‐containing hydrophobic segment for scavenging ROS. This graft polymer can form a PIC through electrostatic interaction with oligonucleotides such as siRNA. The amount of ROS was monitored by fluorescence measurements using H2DCFDA as a probe, and it was confirmed that the ROS level was effectively suppressed. The cellular uptake of PIC containing the fluorescence‐labeled oligonucleotide was evaluated by fluorescence microscopy. Delivered siRNA suppressed the expression of the mRNA. The prepared graft copolymer is thus a promising candidate as a novel oligonucleotide carrier which also reduces ROS damage generated by cationic polymer carriers. magnified image
(Coixan polysaccharide)‐graft‐Polyethylenimine Folate for Tumor‐Targeted Gene Delivery
Authors: Jiang Qiying , Shi Peihua , Li Chunyan , Wang Qingqing , Xu Fujian , Yang Wantai , Tang Guping 
Published: December 2010

AbstractCP‐PEI‐FA was prepared as an effective vector for in vitro and in vivo tumor‐targeted gene delivery. The structures of the polymers were characterized, and their DNA condensation capability, particle sizes, zeta potentials, cytotoxicity and in vitro/in vivo transfection were examined. The cytotoxicity of CP‐PEI‐FA was significantly lower than that of PEI 25 kDa and close to that of PEI 1200. The in vitro transfection of CP‐PEI‐FA was tested in C6 and HeLa cells (FR‐positive cells) and A549 cells (FR‐negative cells). CP‐PEI‐FA showed a high targeting specificity and good gene transfection efficiency in FR‐positive cells. These results indicate that CP‐PEI‐FA is a safe and effective polyplex‐forming agent for both in vitro and in vivo transfection of plasmid DNA. magnified image
Easy Fabrication and Morphology Control of Supramolecular Liquid‐Crystalline Polymer Microparticles
Authors: Liu Hui , Kobayashi Takaomi , Yu Haifeng 
Published: December 2010

AbstractA novel kind of supramolecular liquid‐crystalline polymer (SLCP) microparticles was successfully fabricated with an azopyridyl polymer and sebacic acid by combining a simple self‐organized precipitation method with hydrogen bonding interactions. Upon slow evaporation of a mixed solution of a volatile good solvent and a nonvolatile poor one, walnutlike microparticles showing wrinkled surfaces and LC natures were obtained. The diacid might play a crucial role in the formation of SLCP particles. Without addition of the diacid, neither wrinkled surfaces nor LC natures were observed in azopyridyl polymer microparticles. The fabricated SLCP microparticle possessed not only photoresponsive properties (due to azopyridyl groups) but also LC ordering, which might enable them to find advanced applications. magnified image
The deep inferior epigastric artery perforator flap for autologous reconstruction of large partial mastectomy defects
Authors: Enajat Morteza , Rozen Warren M. , Whitaker Iain S. , Smit Jeroen M. , Van Der Hulst Rene R. W. J. , Acosta Rafael 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBackground:Breast conservation surgery in the treatment of early stage breast cancer has become increasingly utilized as a means to avoiding mastectomy. While partial mastectomy defects (PMDs) may often be cosmetically acceptable, some cases warrant consideration of reconstructive options, and while several reconstructive options have been described in this role, a series of deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flaps has not been reported to date.Methods:A cohort of 18 patients undergoing PMD reconstruction with a DIEP flap were included. Patient‐specific data, operation details, cosmetic results, and complication rates were assessed. Oncologic outcomes, in particular recurrence rates, were also evaluated.Results:In our series there were no cases of partial or total flap necrosis, and overall complications were low. There were two cases of wound infection (both had undergone radiotherapy), managed conservatively, and one case of reoperation due to hematoma. There were no cancer recurrences or effect on oncologic management. Cosmetic outcome was rated as high by both patients and surgeon. The results were thus comparable with other reconstructive options.Conclusion:Although autologous reconstruction has an established complication rate, our results suggest that the DIEP flap may be of considerable value for delayed reconstruction of selected larger partial mastectomy defects. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011.
Soy isoflavone genistein induces cell death in breast cancer cells through mobilization of endogenous copper ions and generation of reactive oxygen species
Authors: Ullah Mohammad F. , Ahmad Aamir , Zubair Haseeb , Khan Husain Y. , Wang Zhiwei , Sarkar Fazlul H. , Hadi Sheikh M. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractScope: Worldwide geographical variation in cancer incidence indicates a correlation between dietary habits and cancer risk. Epidemiological studies have suggested that populations with high isoflavone intake through soy consumption have lower rates of breast, prostate, and colon cancer. Isoflavone genistein in soybean is considered a potent chemopreventive agent against cancer. Although several mechanisms have been proposed, a clear anticancer action mechanism of genistein is still not known.Methods and results: Here, we show that the cytotoxic action of genistein against breast cancer cells involves mobilization of endogenous copper. Further, whereas the copper specific chelator neocuproine is able to inhibit the apoptotic potential of genistein, the molecules which specifically bind iron (desferroxamine mesylate) and zinc (histidine) are relatively ineffective in causing such inhibition. Also, genistein‐induced apoptosis in these cells is inhibited by scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) implicating ROS as effector elements leading to cell death.Conclusions: As copper levels are known to be considerably elevated in almost all types of cancers, in this proof‐of‐concept study we show that genistein is able to target endogenous copper leading to prooxidant signaling and consequent cell death. We believe that such a mechanism explains the anticancer effect of genistein as also its preferential cytotoxicity towards cancer cells.
Sanfte Landung schneller lonen
Authors: Räder Hans Joachim , Müllen Klaus 
Published: December 2010

AbstractKann man Moleküle analysieren, reinigen und zu kristallinen Schichten verarbeiten, wenn sie sich weder lösen noch verdampfen lassen? Eigentlich nicht – es sei denn, man findet eine neue Methode: „MALDI‐Soft‐Landing”︁. Über die Handhabung von Molekülen hinaus hat das Verfahren auch Potential zum Aufbau organischer Halbleiterstrukturen.
Redoxpolymerisation und Superabsorber – Werner Kern (1906 – 1985)
Authors: Braun Dietrich 
Published: December 2010

AbstractWenn Herrmann Staudinger mit Fug und Recht als Begründer der wissenschaftlichen makromolekularen Chemie gilt, dann hat sein Schüler Werner Kern in präparativen Arbeiten die makromolekulare Chemie aus ihrer Isolierung innerhalb der organischen Chemie herausgeführt. Dieses Jahr hätte Kern seinen 100. Geburtstag gefeiert.
Chemie im Kampf gegen Malaria
Authors: Groß Michael 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDie Probleme, mit denen uns die Malaria konfrontiert, sind nicht nur wissenschaftlicher Natur. Es gibt vielversprechende Ansätze in der Entwicklung von Medikamenten und Impfstoffen, doch sind, wenn die Tropenkrankheit wirklich ausgerottet werden soll, auch die politischen und wirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen neu zu gestalten.
Katalyseworkshop in Heidelberg
Authors: Kunz Doris 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDer Heidelberger SFB 623 „Molekulare Katalysatoren: Struktur und Funktionsdesign”︁ hat Anfang Mai zusammen mit der University of Berkeley und der Northwestern University den Workshop „Concepts and Advances in Modern Catalysis”︁ veranstaltet. Insgesamt waren je zehn Teilnehmer (Professoren und Mitarbeiter) aus Illinois und Kalifornien nach Heidelberg gereist, um Aspekte der Katalysatorforschung zu diskutieren. Ziel des Workshops war, das im November 2005 verabschiedete Kooperationsabkommen dieser drei Katalysezentren durch ein erstes Kennenlernen aller Beteiligten zu starten.
Das Chemical Genomics Centre
Authors: Arndt Sabine 
Published: December 2010

Abstract„Aufklärung biologischer Prozesse mit wirkstoffartigen Molekülen als Sonden”︁ lautet kurz gefasst das Forschungsprogramm des Chemical Genomics Centre in Dortmund. Entstanden aus einer Initiative der Max‐Planck‐Gesellschaft und Unternehmen der Wirkstoffindustrie, kooperieren hier Forschergruppen aus Max‐Planck‐Instituten mit Expertise in Chemie und Biologie und neu eingerichteten Nachwuchsgruppen.
Weiße Biotechnologie: Status quo und Zukunft
Authors: Antranikian Garabed 
Published: December 2010

AbstractDer Einsatz biotechnischer Verfahren und Produkte mit dem Ziel der Umweltentlastung und Ressourcenschonung bringt auch Wettbewerbsvorteile und Produktivitätssteigerung. Mit Methoden und Disziplinen wie „Omics‐Techniken”︁, Systembiologie, gerichtete molekulare Evolution oder (Bio‐)Verfahrenstechnik als Basis für weitere Entwicklungen erfährt die Weiße (Industrielle) Biotechnologie derzeit besondere Aufmerksamkeit.
Kleine schnelle Alleskönner
Authors: Engel Thomas , Engel Thomas 
Published: December 2010

AbstractSie sind eine moderne Form der eierlegenden Wollmilchsau und vereinen Adressbuch mit Terminplaner, Minicomputer und z. T. auch Telefon, passen aber dennoch in jede Westentasche: die PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants) oder Smartphones.
12. Deutscher Fluortag
Authors: Finze Maik 
Published: December 2010

AbstractZum zwölften Mal bot der Deutsche Fluortag Nachwuchswissenschaftlern die Möglichkeit, einem Fachpublikum aus Hochschule und Industrie neueste Forschungsergebnisse zu präsentieren. Insgesamt 30 Doktoranden und Postdocs gingen in fünfzehnminütigen Vorträgen auf Themen aus der Anorganischen und Organischen Chemie sowie der Biochemie und der Theoretischen Chemie ein – alles in Bezug zum Element Fluor.
Hans Meerwein – Pionier der Carbokationen‐Chemie
Authors: Reichardt Christian 
Published: December 2010

AbstractEine neue „Historische Stätte der Chemie”︁ erinnert an Hans Meerweins Arbeitsort. Für Nobelpreisträger George Olah ist der 1965 im Alter von 86 Jahren verstorbene Marburger Professor einer der größten Chemiker überhaupt.magnified image
Lohnt sich „Riestern”︁ und warum mit der GDCh?
Authors: Farhadi Hassan , Schultheiß‐Reimann Petra 
Published: December 2010

AbstractViele GDCh‐Mitglieder haben sich bereits für den „GDCh‐Riester”︁ interessiert. Hassan Farhadi und Dr. Petra Schultheiß‐Reimann beantworten die zwei am häufigsten gestellten Fragen.
Transatlantic Frontiers of Chemistry
Authors: Herrmann Andreas , Hoge Berthold , Maison Wolfgang 
Published: December 2010

AbstractNach drei bilateralen deutsch‐amerikanischen Treffen von Nachwuchswissenschaftlern in Seeon (2000, 2004) und Durham, New Hampshire (2002), waren in diesem Jahr erstmals britische Kollegen mit von der Partie: Statt „German‐American Frontiers of Chemistry”︁ nun der Ausbau des Erfolgsmodells zu den „Transatlantic Frontiers of Chemistry”︁.
Does diabetes put you at risk of tetanus?
Authors: Soulsby H , Russell‐Jones D 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThis 81‐year‐old man with a history of type 2 diabetes presented with a cramping right arm, trismus, stiffness in the jaw, swallowing and breathing difficulties. He developed respiratory failure shortly after admission so was intubated on the intensive therapy unit where he received tetanus immunoglobulin and a course of metronidazole.Kilic et al. compared the level of tetanus antitoxin between patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls. They found a statistically significant difference between the groups, with people with diabetes having lower antitoxin levels. A further study shows that serum levels of tetanus antibody significantly decrease in diabetic patients older than 50 years of age. Among patients with diabetes only 55.9% had protective levels of antitoxin when aged 50–64 compared to 73.8% of controls. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons.
Leptin signaling and apoptotic effects in human prostate cancer cell lines
Authors: Samuel‐Mendelsohn Sigal , Inbar Michal , Weiss‐Messer Esther , Niv‐Spector Leonora , Gertler Arieh , Barkey Ronnie J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDProstate cancer (PCa) progression is often associated with transactivation of the androgen receptor (AR) by endogenous hormones/growth factors. One such factor affecting growth, proliferation, and apoptostis (pro‐/anti‐) in various cancers is the adipokine leptin. This research studied leptin‐induced signaling and apoptosis in androgen sensitive (LNCaP, PC3/AR) and insensitive (PC3, DU145) PCa cell lines.METHODSSignaling was studied by immunoblotting in cells overexpressing leptin receptors (LRb), Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), and kinase negative‐HER2‐YFP cDNAs. Apoptosis was measured by immunoblotting of apoptotic proteins and by Hoechst staining of condensed DNA.RESULTSLeptin rapidly induced activation of JAK2, STAT3, and MAPK (ERK1/2) signaling cascades; it may also induce HER2 transactivation via leptin‐induced phospho‐JAK2. Leptin was then shown to exert clear pro‐apoptotic effects, increasing levels of caspase 3, cleavage of its substrate, poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) to cleaved PARP89, levels of CK 18, a cytoskeletal protein formed during apoptosis, and DNA condensation. Kinase inhibitors indicated that leptin‐induced apoptosis is probably mediated by balanced activation of JAK2/STAT3, p38 MAPK, and PKC pathways in PCa cells. A human leptin mutein LRb antagonist, L39A/D40A/F41A, fully inhibited leptin‐induced phosphorylation of JAK2, ERK1/2, and Akt/PKB, and partially abrogated effects on apoptotic proteins. In LNCaP and PC3/AR cells, leptin increased AR protein levels in correlation with raised apoptotic markers. Thus, AR may mediate, at least partly, the leptin‐induced apoptotic response.CONCLUSIONSLeptin can clearly induce apoptosis in human PCa cell lines. These findings could lead to development of new leptin agonists with enhanced pro‐apoptotic effects and targeted for use in human PCa. Prostate 71: 929–945, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Functional annotation of risk loci identified through genome‐wide association studies for prostate cancer
Authors: Lu Yizhen , Zhang Zheng , Yu Hongjie , Zheng S. Lily , Isaacs William B. , Xu Jianfeng , Sun Jielin 
Published: December 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe majority of established prostate cancer (PCa) risk‐associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified from genome‐wide association studies do not fall into protein coding regions. Therefore, the mechanisms by which these SNPs affect PCa risk remain unclear. Here, we used a series of bioinformatic tools and databases to provide possible molecular insights into the actions of risk SNPs.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGSWe performed a comprehensive assessment of the potential functional impact of 33 SNPs that were identified and confirmed as associated with PCa risk in previous studies. For these 33 SNPs and additional SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD) (r2 ≥ 0.5), we first mapped them to genomic functional annotation databases, including the encyclopedia of DNA elements (ENCODE), 11 genomic regulatory elements databases defined by the University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) table browser, and androgen receptor (AR)‐binding sites defined by a ChIP‐chip technique. Enrichment analysis was then carried out to assess whether the risk SNP blocks were enriched in the various annotation sets. Risk SNP blocks were significantly enriched over that expected by chance in two annotation sets, including AR‐binding sites (P = 0.003), and FoxA1‐binding sites (P = 0.05). About one‐third of the 33 risk SNP blocks are located within AR‐binding regions.CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCEThe significant enrichment of risk SNPs in AR‐binding sites may suggest a potential molecular mechanism for these SNPs in PCa initiation, and provide guidance for future functional studies. Prostate 71: 955–963, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystal structure of a bacterial phosphoglucomutase, an enzyme involved in the virulence of multiple human pathogens
Authors: Mehra‐Chaudhary Ritcha , Mick Jacob , Tanner John J. , Henzl Michael T. , Beamer Lesa J. 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe crystal structure of the enzyme phosphoglucomutase from Salmonella typhimurium (StPGM) is reported at 1.7 Å resolution. This is the first high‐resolution structural characterization of a bacterial protein from this large enzyme family, which has a central role in metabolism and is also important to bacterial virulence and infectivity. A comparison of the active site of StPGM with that of other phosphoglucomutases reveals conserved residues that are likely involved in catalysis and ligand binding for the entire enzyme family. An alternate crystal form of StPGM and normal mode analysis give insights into conformational changes of the C‐terminal domain that occur upon ligand binding. A novel observation from the StPGM structure is an apparent dimer in the asymmetric unit of the crystal, mediated largely through contacts in an N‐terminal helix. Analytical ultracentrifugation and small‐angle X‐ray scattering confirm that StPGM forms a dimer in solution. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic studies show that a distinct subset of bacterial PGMs share the signature dimerization helix, while other bacterial and eukaryotic PGMs are likely monomers. These structural, biochemical, and bioinformatic studies of StPGM provide insights into the large α‐D‐phosphohexomutase enzyme superfamily to which it belongs, and are also relevant to the design of inhibitors specific to the bacterial PGMs. Proteins 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prediction of RNA‐binding residues in proteins from primary sequence using an enriched random forest model with a novel hybrid feature
Authors: Ma Xin , Guo Jing , Wu Jiansheng , Liu Hongde , Yu Jiafeng , Xie Jianming , Sun Xiao 
Published: December 2010

AbstractThe identification of RNA‐binding residues in proteins is important in several areas such as protein function, posttranscriptional regulation and drug design. We have developed PRBR (Prediction of RNA Binding Residues), a novel method for identifying RNA‐binding residues from amino acid sequences. Our method combines a hybrid feature with the enriched random forest (ERF) algorithm. The hybrid feature is composed of predicted secondary structure information and three novel features: evolutionary information combined with conservation information of the physicochemical properties of amino acids and the information about dependency of amino acids with regards to polarity‐charge and hydrophobicity in the protein sequences. Our results demonstrate that the PRBR model achieves 0.5637 Matthew's correlation coefficient (MCC) and 88.63% overall accuracy (ACC) with 53.70% sensitivity (SE) and 96.97% specificity (SP). By comparing the performance of each feature we found that all three novel features contribute to the improved predictions. Area under the curve (AUC) statistics from receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was compared between PRBR model and other models. The results show that PRBR achieves the highest AUC value (0.8675) which represents that PRBR attains excellent performance on predicting the RNA‐binding residues in proteins. The PRBR web‐server implementation is freely available at http://www.cbi.seu.edu.cn/PRBR/. Proteins 2011; © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.