bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Place-based innovation for sustainable and resilient human systems
Authors: Rust Björn , Rust Sascha 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper critically examines fail-fast culture and its compatibility with fragile contexts. It argues that to address complex global challenges, a nuanced ‘fail well’ approach is required. Drawing on the Gothenburg innovation ecosystem—among others—the paper highlights the importance of fostering partnerships between industry, government, non-government organisations, and higher education institutions to prepare emerging innovators for uncertain futures. Cross-sector cases emphasise the need for place-based, collaborative innovation, highlighting that successful innovation is non-linear and emerges through dynamic social processes and contextual influence. It calls for a shift in education towards inclusive, bidirectional pedagogies that integrate sustainability principles and systems thinking across disciplines. The paper concludes by advocating for a shift towards regionally focused, inclusive innovation cultures that prioritise context and community well-being over pursuing only economic goals. This approach is crucial for ensuring safe and just futures in the face of mounting global challenges.
Simulated deep CT characterization of liver metastases with high-resolution filtered back projection reconstruction
Authors: Wiedeman Christopher , Lorraine Peter , Wang Ge , Do Richard , Simpson Amber , Peoples Jacob , De Man Bruno 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEarly diagnosis and accurate prognosis of colorectal cancer is critical for determining optimal treatment plans and maximizing patient outcomes, especially as the disease progresses into liver metastases. Computed tomography (CT) is a frontline tool for this task; however, the preservation of predictive radiomic features is highly dependent on the scanning protocol and reconstruction algorithm. We hypothesized that image reconstruction with a high-frequency kernel could result in a better characterization of liver metastases features via deep neural networks. This kernel produces images that appear noisier but preserve more sinogram information. A simulation pipeline was developed to study the effects of imaging parameters on the ability to characterize the features of liver metastases. This pipeline utilizes a fractal approach to generate a diverse population of shapes representing virtual metastases, and then it superimposes them on a realistic CT liver region to perform a virtual CT scan using CatSim. Datasets of 10,000 liver metastases were generated, scanned, and reconstructed using either standard or high-frequency kernels. These data were used to train and validate deep neural networks to recover crafted metastases characteristics, such as internal heterogeneity, edge sharpness, and edge fractal dimension. In the absence of noise, models scored, on average, 12.2% ($$\alpha =0.012$$

α
=
0.012

) and 7.5% ($$\alpha =0.049)$$

α
=
0.049
)

lower squared error for characterizing edge sharpness and fractal dimension, respectively, when using high-frequency reconstructions compared to standard. However, the differences in performance were statistically insignificant when a typical level of CT noise was simulated in the clinical scan. Our results suggest that high-frequency reconstruction kernels can better preserve information for downstream artificial intelligence-based radiomic characterization, provided that noise is limited. Future work should investigate the information-preserving kernels in datasets with clinical labels.
Postpartum family planning among women attending maternal and child health centers in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt
Authors: Mohammed Heba M. , Zaky Maria A. , Hany Ahmed M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Postpartum family planning (PPFP) is important in helping couples to achieve their reproductive intentions. National surveys have consistently reported higher fertility, lower use of family planning (FP), and higher unmet needs for FP in Upper Egypt. This study aims to identify the factors associated with the use of PPFP in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt, and to assess the current status of integration of PPFP counseling in the existing maternal and child health services (MCH).

Methods
The study employed a cross-sectional study design, collecting data from 455 postpartum women aged 15 to 49 years in 4 primary health care (PHC) centers in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. The women were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 4 sections: the first section included the participants’ demographic characteristics; the second section included women’s obstetric history; the third section included questions about PPFP knowledge, attitude, past and current use of contraception; and the fourth section assessed the current status of integrating PPFP counseling within antenatal, natal, and postnatal services.

Results
In total, 54.5% of postpartum women were using a modern contraceptive method. The significant predictors of using PPFP methods were as follows: receiving information about PPFP from health care providers (AOR = 11.46, p < 0.001), better attitude towards PPFP (AOR = 10.54, p < 0.001), using modern FP methods (AOR = 6.98, p < 0.001), resumption of menstruation (AOR = 4.11, p < 0.001), older age (AOR = 2.15, p < 0.05), and better PPFP knowledge (AOR = 1.72, p < 0.001). Only 5.3%, 1.3%, and 3.5% received PPFP counseling during antenatal care (ANC), delivery, and the postpartum period, respectively.

Conclusions
Postpartum contraception use was associated with receiving PPFP counseling by health care providers and women’s knowledge and attitude regarding PPFP. However, FP counseling was not integrated with other MCH services. Updating the components of MCH services to include PPFP counseling during ANC, at delivery, and during the postpartum period should be prioritized by program planners and policymakers.
Effects of a comprehensive educational program on health behaviors and awareness of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in men with substance use disorders
Authors: Sharifi Ehsan , Ghelbash Zakiye , Karami Amirhosein , Musarezaie Amir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Poor adherence to health behaviors is one of the considerable challenges among drug users. This issue is especially noticeable among people who use injection methods for consumption, which increases the possibility of contracting HIV and hepatitis B and C. Therefore, it seems that adopting appropriate intervention approaches focusing on all dimensions of health-related behaviors to promote health behaviors is considered. As a result, in the present study, the effectiveness of a comprehensive educational program on promoting health behaviors and awareness of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C in drug users was investigated.

Methods
This pretest–posttest quasi-experimental study was performed. The participants were 81 men with substance use disorders residing in a rehabilitation center. The participants took part in four training workshops. The workshops focused on mental health, awareness of HIV, and hepatitis B and C with learner-centered approaches.

Results
According to the results, the mean score of the health behavior scale in the participants after receiving the intervention of the comprehensive program increased significantly (P < .001). Additionally, the analysis showed that 1 month after the end of the intervention, there was a significant increase in the AIDS, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C scale scores compared to before the intervention (P < .001).

Conclusion
Considering the adverse consequences of drug use, especially in users without social support, the need for education as a cost-effective approach to prevent diseases transmitted through high-risk behaviors such as HIV, and hepatitis B and C is considered a basic necessity.
Study of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome: a single center experience
Authors: Elbeltagi Youmna Ahmed Hassan , Kersh Mahmoud Mohi El Din El , Fathy Hanan Mohammad , Kamel Nancy Abdel-Salam 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a disease with favorable outcomes in most cases. Failure to respond to steroids is one of the most important predictors of clinical outcome. We performed a retrospective study on 51 primary idiopathic SRNS cases presenting between January 2011 and June 2021 at Alexandria University Children’s Hospital (AUCH) by retrieving data from their clinic files. Cases with secondary causes of NS or suspected genetic causes were excluded from our study. Patients’ demographic data, clinical and laboratory findings at the time of presentation, complications occurring during the course of treatment, immunosuppressants used along with steroids, and outcomes at the last follow-up were recorded. The mean duration of follow-up was 5.67 ± 3.07 years.

Results
Our results showed that there was male predominance (2.9:1), the mean age at first presentation was 4.53 ± 3.03 years, and persistent hematuria and systemic hypertension were found in 41.6% and 57.1%, respectively.
The most common biopsy finding was MesPGN (37.3%). The most utilized immunosuppressant was cyclosporine (80.4%). Complete remission was fortunately the most prevalent outcome among our cases (52.2%).

Conclusions
Our study concluded that biopsy findings and thepresence of hematuria in SRNS cases are the most crucial factors in determining the final outcome. MCNS finding in biopsy is significantly correlated with complete remission (p value = 0.043). Persistent hematuria whether gross or microscopic was significantly correlated with unremitting disease (p value = 0.017).
Advancements in understanding the association of sepsis with heart rate variability in premature infants
Authors: Chi Di , Guo Wanxu , Liu Junjiao , Gao Wenhui , Wang Yuan , Zhang Yunfeng 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
With the rapid development of perinatal medicine and neonatal resuscitation technology, neonatal mortality gradually reduces, but sepsis is still a neonatal critical illness and an important cause of death. The onset of sepsis in premature infants is insidious, and the clinical symptoms lack of specificity. The available laboratory tests exhibit limited sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis, and there is a certain degree of time lag. Therefore, it is particularly important to find a method for early detection of severe infection in premature infants.

Main body
Sepsis is the third leading cause of death with poor prognosis in infants. Early and accurate identification of sepsis are particularly important. Heart rate variability may present before clinical symptoms of sepsis. The study is to summarize the available data on the relationship between heart rate variability and development of sepsis in early infants.
We searched six database, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and CNKI, using the following terms for our search strategy (Infants, Newborn) OR (Newborn Infant) OR (Newborn Infants) OR (Newborns) OR (Newborn) OR (Neonate) OR (Neonates) AND (Sepsis) OR (Bloodstream Infection) OR (Bloodstream Infections) OR (Pyemia) OR (Pyemias) OR (Pyohemia) OR (Pyohemias) OR (Pyaemia) OR (Pyaemias) OR (Septicemia) OR (Septicemias) OR (Blood Poisoning) OR (Blood Poisonings) OR (Severe Sepsis) OR (Sepsis, Severe) AND (Heart Rate Variability). Premature infants would experience the reduction in heart rate variability before clinical symptoms of sepsis present.

Conclusion
The application of heart rate variability, a noninvasive monitoring method, to the identification and diagnosis of sepsis in premature infants can enable clinicians to identify, diagnose, and treat children with sepsis early, thereby reducing the mortality of premature infants and neurological damage.
Assessing the efficacy of 3D Dual-CycleGAN model for multi-contrast MRI synthesis
Authors: Mahboubisarighieh Ali , Shahverdi Hossein , Jafarpoor Nesheli Shabnam , Alipoor Kermani Mohammad , Niknam Milad , Torkashvand Mohanna , Rezaeijo Seyed Masoud 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
This research presents a novel methodology for synthesizing 3D multi-contrast MRI images utilizing the 3D Dual-CycleGAN architecture. The performance of the model is evaluated on different MRI sequences, including T1-weighted (T1W), T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1c), T2-weighted (T2W), and FLAIR sequences.

Results
Our approach demonstrates proficient learning capabilities in transforming T1W images into target modalities. The proposed framework encompasses a combination of different loss functions including voxel-wise, gradient difference, perceptual, and structural similarity losses. These loss components, along with adversarial and dual cycle-consistency losses, contribute significantly to realistic and accurate syntheses. Evaluation metrics including MAE, PMAE, RMSE, PCC, PSNR, and SSIM are employed to assess the fidelity of synthesized images compared to their ground truth counterparts. Empirical results indicate the effectiveness of the 3D Dual-CycleGAN model in generating T1c images from T1W inputs with minimal average discrepancies (MAE of 2.8 ± 2.61) and strong similarity (SSIM of 0.82 ± 0.28). Furthermore, the synthesis of T2W and FLAIR images yields promising outcomes, demonstrating acceptable average discrepancies (MAE of 3.87 ± 3.32 for T2W and 3.82 ± 3.32 for FLAIR) and reasonable similarities (SSIM of 0.82 ± 0.28 for T2W and 0.80 ± 0.29 for FLAIR) relative to the original images.

Conclusions
These findings underscore the efficacy of the 3D Dual-CycleGAN model in generating high-fidelity images, with significant implications for diverse applications in the field of medical imaging.
Epithelioid pleural mesothelioma successfully treated with perioperative immunotherapy: a case report
Authors: Yamazaki Gaku , Fujiwara-Kuroda Aki , Muto Jun , Ujiie Hideki , Aragaki Masato , Furuta Megumi , Ohno Sakurako , Hatanaka Kanako C. , Hatanaka Yutaka , Matsuno Yoshihiro , Kato Tatsuya 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Pleural mesothelioma, characterized by a dismal prognosis even with multimodal therapy, has seen emerging interest in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) due to their demonstrated efficacy. Here, we present a case of epithelioid-type pleural mesothelioma with chest wall invasion treated with definitive ICI therapy, resulting in a remarkable pretreatment effect.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old man was diagnosed with an abnormal chest shadow on a medical check, and a computed tomography scan showed pleural thickening at the dorsal right upper chest wall. One of the nodules was suspected to have invaded the chest wall. A needle biopsy revealed epithelioid-type pleural mesothelioma. After five cycles of nivolumab plus ipilimumab, he underwent right pleurectomy/decortication (P/D). Pathological examination revealed a significant treatment effect, showing numerous lymphocytes infiltrating the tumor nodule and viable tumor cells localized at approximately 6 mm.

Conclusion
Although further accumulation of cases is required to evaluate the effectiveness and case selection, P/D after immunotherapy is a useful curative treatment option for advanced pleural mesothelioma.
Potential for use of tetris in the neonatal unit – a scoping review
Authors: Craig Victoria Elizabeth Mabel , McLaughlin Derek Francis , Devlin Karen P. , Higgins Aiveen , Boyle Breidge 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Playing Tetris is a relatively new concept when considering how to treat or prevent post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS). Benefits have been identified regarding how playing the game can influence traumatic memory processing and storage. However, the concept is under-explored and can potentially help populations who are at risk of and are known to experience post-traumatic stress, such as parents of preterm infants in the Neonatal Unit. The aim of the review was to establish if preterm parents playing Tetris was a feasible option to potentially minimise PTSS.

Method
A scoping review was conducted using PRISMA-ScR guidance. Databases searched were Cinahl, Medline and PsychInfo, over a 20 year period (2003-2023). Titles and abstracts were screened before analysis of full-text articles. A variety of clinical and experimental studies were examined, with differing trauma exposure experienced by participants.

Results
Thirteen articles were reviewed and four common themes identified. These were memory consolidation, playing Tetris and its effect on intrusive memories (IMs), the effect on the brain and the acceptability as a technique to minimize PTSS in clinical trials.

Conclusion
Tetris, in theory, is a first-aid intervention and has the potential to minimise the impact of trauma. Based on the findings of the review, Tetris has been effective in other clinical areas and deemed acceptable by participants. Therefore, Tetris is worthy of consideration for use in the population of preterm parents.
A phase II study of venetoclax (VEN) in combination with 10-day decitabine (DEC) in older/unfit pts with newly diagnosed (ND) or pts with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML), or high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR-MDS).
Authors: Swaminathan Mahesh , Dinardo Courtney Denton , Maiti Abhishek , Pemmaraju Naveen , Ohanian Maro , Daver Naval Guastad , Garcia-Manero Guillermo , Issa Ghayas C. , Borthakur Gautam , Ravandi-Kashani Farhad , Montalban-Bravo Guillermo , Kadia Tapan M. , Alvarado Valero Yesid , Jabbour Elias , Short Nicholas James , Wierda William G. , Jain Nitin , Kornblau Steven Mitchell , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Konopleva Marina ,   Department of Leukemia
Published: June 2024

6549 Background: We report long-term results of phase 2 study of 10-day DEC and VEN (DEC10-VEN) in AML/HR-MDS. Methods: This single-institution study (NCT03404193) included intensive chemotherapy-ineligible pts >60y with ND de novo AML or secondary AML (sAML), or R/R AML, or HR-MDS. Induction therapy: DAC 20 mg/m2 IV x 10d + VEN days 1-28. VEN was stopped on day 21 if bone marrow blasts ≤5%. Consolidation included DEC IV x 5 days + VEN days 1-21, every 4-8 weeks as previously described (DiNardo et al. Lancet Haem. 2020). Primary endpoint was ORR. Secondary endpoints are duration of response, OS, RFS, and safety. Here, we report an update with 232 pts and results of HR-MDS/CMML cohort. Results: 232 pts were enrolled thus far (ND AML-86; sAML-49; R/R AML-76; HR-MDS/CMML-21). Median follow up is 39 mo (36-46 mo). Median age was 73y in ND AML and 64y in R/R AML (Table). Three-fourths of pts inAML cohort were adverse risk by ELN 2022 risk. CR/CRi rates in ND AML, sAML, and R/R AML were 92%, 53%, and 40% and ORR was 88%, 69%, 58%, respectively. Median OS was 12.3 mo in frontline (FL, ND (16.7 mo) and sAML (10.4 mo)) and 7.6 mo in R/R. Similarly, median RFS was 9.1 (ND-10 mo and sAML-6.4 mo) and 7.5 mo, respectively. Median time to ANC ≥500 x 109/L in cycle 1 was 41 days and Plt ≥50 x 109/L was 31 days in FL pts. 30-day mortality was 2% in FL and 5% in R/R cohort. 18% in FL and 22% in R/R cohort proceeded to SCT. In HR-MDS cohort, the median age was 71y; 18/21 pts had prior treatment. ASXL1 was the most frequent mutation. ORR was 52% (CR+CRi-33%). Median OS-12.1, RFS-7.3 mo. Median time to ANC ≥500 x 109/L was 55 and plt ≥50 x 109/L was 51 days. Most common grade 3/4 AEs were infection with neutropenia (38%), febrile neutropenia (32%), thrombocytopenia (17%), and neutropenia (15%), consistent with HMA + VEN experience. Conclusions: DEC10-VEN demonstrated expected safety and efficacy in a particularly high-risk cohort of ND and R/R pts, with no evidence that 10-days of DEC provides improved responses over standard 5-days DEC. Clinical trial information: NCT03404193 . [Table: see text]
Deriving Landauer's formula by using the master equation approach
Authors: Kolovsky Andrey R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
We revisit the problem of two-terminal transport of non-interacting Fermi particles in a mesoscopic device. First, we generalize the transport problem by taking into consideration relaxation processes in contacts (which are characterized by the contact self-thermalization rate γ) and then solve it by using the master equation approach. In the limit

the obtained results are shown to reproduce those of the Landauer theory. Thus, the presented analysis proves correspondence between the Landauer and master equation approaches to quantum transport —a problem which has been waiting for a solution for decades.
Emerging Insights into the Endocrine Regulation of Bone Homeostasis by Gut Microbiome
Authors: Hansdah Kirtal , Lui Julian C 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Gut microbiota plays an important role in the regulation of bone homeostasis and bone health. Recent studies showed that these effects could be mediated through microbial metabolites released by the microbiota like short-chain fatty acids, metabolism of endogenous molecules such as bile acids, or a complex interplay between microbiota, the endocrine system, and the immune system. Importantly, some studies showed a reciprocal relationship between the endocrine system and gut microbiota. For instance, postmenopausal estrogen deficiency could lead to dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, which could in turn affect various immune response and bone remodeling. In addition, evidence showed that shift in the indigenous gut microbiota caused by antibiotics treatment may also impact normal skeletal growth and maturation. In this mini-review, we describe recent findings on the role of microbiome in bone homeostasis, with a particular focus on molecular mechanisms and their interactions with the endocrine and immune system. We will also discuss the recent findings on estrogen deficiency and microbiota dysbiosis, and the clinical implications for the development of new therapeutic strategies for osteoporosis and other bone disorders.
Brainstem Gliomas With Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutation: Natural History, Clinical-Radiological Features, Management Strategy, and Long-Term Outcome
Authors: Pan Changcun , Zhang Mingxin , Xiao Xiong , Li Tian , Liu Zhiming , Wang Yujin , Xie Luyang , Mai Yiying , Wu Zhen , Zhang Junting , Zhang Liwei 
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
This study aimed to investigate the clinical, radiological, pathological features, treatment options, and outcomes of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)–mutant brainstem gliomas (BSG-IDH
mut
).

METHODS:
A retrospective analysis of 22 patients diagnosed with BSG-IDH
mut
and treated at our institution from January 2011 to January 2017 was performed. Their clinical, radiological data, and long-term outcomes were collected and analyzed.

RESULTS:
The median age of patients was 38.5 years, with a male predominance (63.6%). All patients had IDH1 and TP53 mutations, with noncanonical IDH mutations in 59.1% of cases, 06-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation in 55.6%, and alpha-thalassemia mental retardation X-linked loss in 63.2%, respectively. Tumors were primarily located in the pontine-medullary oblongata (54.5%) and frequently involved the pontine brachium (50%). Most tumors exhibited ill-defined boundaries (68.2%), no T2-FLAIR mismatch (100%), and no contrast enhancement (86.3%). Two radiological growth patterns were also identified: focal and extensively infiltrative, which were associated with the treatment strategy when tumor recurred. Seven patients (31.8%) received surgery only and 15 (68.2%) surgery plus other therapy. The median overall survival was 124.8 months, with 1-year, 2-year, 5-year, and 10-year survival rates of 81.8%, 68.2%, 54.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. Six patients experienced tumor recurrence, and all retained their radiological growth patterns, with 2 transformed into central nervous system World Health Organization grade 4.

CONCLUSION:
BSG-IDH
mut
represents a unique subgroup of brainstem gliomas with distinctive features and more favorable prognosis compared with other brainstem gliomas. Further research is required to better understand the molecular mechanisms and optimize treatment strategies for this rare and complex disease.