bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tumor‐Tailored Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles Facilitate IL‐12 Circular RNA Delivery for Enhanced Lung Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Shufen , Xu Yue , Solek Nicholas C. , Chen Jingan , Gong Fanglin , Varley Andrew James , Golubovic Alex , Pan Anni , Dong Songtao , Zheng Gang , Li Bowen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe advancement of message RNA (mRNA) ‐based immunotherapies for cancer is highly dependent on the effective delivery of RNA (Ribonucleic) payloads using ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). However, the clinical application of these therapies is hindered by variable mRNA expression among different cancer types and the risk of systemic toxicity. The transient expression profile of mRNA further complicates this issue, necessitating frequent dosing and thus increasing the potential for adverse effects. Addressing these challenges, a high‐throughput combinatorial method is utilized to synthesize and screen LNPs that efficiently deliver circular RNA (circRNA) to lung tumors. The lead LNP, H1L1A1B3, demonstrates a fourfold increase in circRNA transfection efficiency in lung cancer cells over ALC‐0315, the industry‐standard LNPs, while providing potent immune activation. A single intratumoral injection of H1L1A1B3 LNPs, loaded with circRNA encoding interleukin‐12 (IL‐12), induces a robust immune response in a Lewis lung carcinoma model, leading to marked tumor regression. Immunological profiling of treated tumors reveals substantial increments in CD45+ leukocytes and enhances infiltration of CD8+ T cells, underscoring the ability of H1L1A1B3 LNPs to modulate the tumor microenvironment favorably. These results highlight the potential of tailored LNP platforms to advance RNA drug delivery for cancer therapy, broadening the prospects for RNA immunotherapeutics.
Precise Capture and Dynamic Release of Circulating Liver Cancer Cells with Dual‐Histidine‐Based Cell Imprinted Hydrogels
Authors: Sun Wenjing , You Xin , Zhao Xinjia , Zhang Xiaoyu , Yang Chunhui , Zhang Fusheng , Yu Jiaqi , Yang Kaiguang , Wang Jixia , Xu Fangfang , Chang Yongxin , Qu Boxin , Zhao Xinmiao , He Yuxuan , Wang Qi , Chen Jinghua , Qing Guangyan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) detection presents significant advantages in diagnosing liver cancer due to its noninvasiveness, real‐time monitoring, and dynamic tracking. However, the clinical application of CTCs‐based diagnosis is largely limited by the challenges of capturing low‐abundance CTCs within a complex blood environment while ensuring them alive. Here, an ultrastrong ligand, l‐histidine–l‐histidine (HH), specifically targeting sialylated glycans on the surface of CTCs, is designed. Furthermore, HH is integrated into a cell‐imprinted polymer, constructing a hydrogel with precise CTCs imprinting, high elasticity, satisfactory blood compatibility, and robust anti‐interference capacities. These features endow the hydrogel with excellent capture efficiency (>95%) for CTCs in peripheral blood, as well as the ability to release CTCs controllably and alive. Clinical tests substantiate the accurate differentiation between liver cancer, cirrhosis, and healthy groups using this method. The remarkable diagnostic accuracy (94%), lossless release of CTCs, material reversibility, and cost‐effectiveness ($6.68 per sample) make the HH‐based hydrogel a potentially revolutionary technology for liver cancer diagnosis and single‐cell analysis.
Thermal Welding of Liquids
Authors: Wen Yunhui , Li Kaijuan , Luo Jiaqiu , Feng Weixiao , Shi Shaowei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWelding of thermoplastics is a common practice in many industrial sectors, but it has yet to be realized with fluids. Here, the thermal welding of liquids by using the assembly and jamming of nanoparticle surfactants (NPSs) at liquid–liquid interfaces is reported. By fine‐tuning the dynamic interaction strength within NPSs, the interfacial activity of NPSs, as well as the binding energy of NPSs to the interface can be precisely controlled, leading to a dynamic exchange of NPSs, maximizing the reduction in the interfacial energy. With NPSs jammed at the interface, the structures of liquids can be manipulated to complex geometries by applying an external force and, due to the temperature responsiveness of NPSs, when bringing liquids into contact and heating the system, welding of liquids can be achieved. This work provides a straightforward strategy for the construction of modular all‐liquid fluidics, opening up numerous opportunities in fields like biotechnology, healthcare, and materials science.
The Improvement of Tin‐Based Perovskite Thin Film Quality to Enhance the Performance of Near‐Infrared PeLEDs Through Thiocyanate Modification
Authors: Shen Yipeng , Tang Zhaobing , Chen Jianan , Zhang Ting , Qian Lei , Xiang Chaoyu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe morphological characteristics of in‐situ‐grown perovskite thin films are strongly influenced by the interface properties of previous layer. Additionally, their photoelectric characteristics are closely tied to the formed defects during the solution‐processing film for the oxidized tin ions, which significantly hinders the practicality of tin‐based perovskites in near‐infrared light‐emitting diodes (LEDs). Here, formamidine thiocyanate is employed to modify the interfacial behaviors of hole transport layer under the perovskite layer, resulting in reduced contact angle, improved surface wettability, enhancement of the crystallinity and film quality of tin‐based perovskite. Furthermore, by introducing guanidine thiocyanate into the precursor solution, the oxidation is successfully suppressed during the film formation of tin‐based perovskite, thereby reducing film defects to suppress non‐radiative recombination. A near‐infrared LEDs with a maximum external quantum efficiency reached 5.1%, representing a twofold improvement compared to unmodified devices. This advancement holds significant implications for the progression of tin‐based near‐infrared light emission technology.
Three‐Component Palladium‐Catalyzed Tandem Suzuki‐Miyaura/Allylic Substitution: A Regioselective Synthesis of (2‐Arylallyl) Aryl Sulfones
Authors: Bellido Marina , Garçon Martí , Verdaguer Xavier , Riera Antoni 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA one‐pot Pd‐catalyzed tandem process to prepare (2‐arylallyl) aryl sulfones has been developed. This strategy is based on the modular assembly of a boronic acid, a sodium sulfinate and 2‐bromoallyl acetate. The reaction is completely regioselective towards the terminal alkene, yielding (2‐arylallyl) aryl (or alkyl) sulfones with yields ranging from 56 to 93%. Control experiments together with DFT calculations allowed to propose a plausible reaction mechanism of the tandem reaction. The usefulness of this methodology has been demonstrated with the formal synthesis of the marketed drug Apremilast and of several natural products by asymmetric hydrogenation. Using the commercially available UbaPHOX iridium complex, chiral β‐methyl sulfones with up to 98% ee were obtained
Selective Hydrosilylation and Hydroboration of Allenes Catalyzed by Cobalt‐Pincer Complexes
Authors: Lewandowski Dariusz , Hreczycho Grzegorz 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAchieving precise control over regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in the hydroelementation of terminal allenes presents a formidable challenge. Despite the existence of various catalytic methods for their functionalization, this entire class of reactions remains significantly underdeveloped and demands extensive research. Here, we report a method for the hydroelementation of allenes using inexpensive PN5P pincer cobalt complexes built on a triazine backbone. Depending on the substituent at the ring, the method enables the selective synthesis of E‐alkenylsilane or Z‐allylborane derivatives. In the presented approach, silanes and pinacoloboranes play a dualistic role of simultaneous activator and substrate excluding the need for the addition of external bases. Finally, the application potential of the obtained compounds was demonstrated by performing further functionalizations of the obtained compounds.
Incorporating MIL‐125 Metal‐Organic Framework for Flexible Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Self‐Powered Sensors for Robotic Grippers
Authors: Kakim Alibek , Nurkesh Ayan , Sarsembayev Bayandy , Dauletiya Daniyar , Balapan Azat , Bakenov Zhumabay , Yeshmukhametov Azamat , Kalimuldina Gulnur 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are getting popular as biomechanical energy harvesters to power small electronic devices and as self‐powered sensors for pressure, motion, vibration, wind, waves, biomedical information, and chemical substance detections. In this study, the TENG is designed with biocompatible materials, and concentrations of its components have been optimized to generate higher power for application as an energy source and tactile sensor. The process involves using metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs), namely MIL‐125, with high charge‐inducing and charge‐trapping capabilities incorporated into the commercial Ecoflex matrix. Electrical characterization demonstrated that the sample with 0.25 wt% MIL‐125 (0.25%MOF/Ecoflex) is the optimal concentration in the matrix with an output of up to 305 V and 13 µA, respectively. Moreover, the proposed flexible TENG converts mechanical energy to electrical, with a maximum power density of 150 µW cm−2(1.5 W m−2), which is more than twice superior to the pristine Ecoflex‐based counterparts. The TENG shows robust and stable performance without noticeable degradation during continuous 200,000 cyclic testing. Furthermore, 0.25%MOF/Ecoflex TENG can power small electronic devices such as calculators, humidity sensors, and cardiac pacemakers. A robotic gripper trained via machine learning to identify various objects is also successfully developed with a self‐powered 0.25%MOF/Ecoflex TENG sensor.
PXR Activation Relieves Deoxynivalenol‐Induced Liver Oxidative Stress Via Malat1 LncRNA m6A Demethylation
Authors: Feng Yue , Shen Jiakun , Lin Zishen , Chen Zeyi , Zhou Min , Ma Xi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDeoxynivalenol (DON) is a prevalent toxin causing severe liver damage through hepatocellular oxidative stress. However, the underlying mechanisms and effective therapeutic approaches remain unknown. Here, the unique role of the xenobiotic metabolism factor pregnane X receptor (PXR) in mediating DON‐induced hepatocellular oxidative stress is investigated. Treatment with the PXR agonist 3‐indole‐propionic acid (IPA) alleviates DON‐induced oxidative stress and liver injury both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, it is discovered for the first time that PXR agonist IPA directly transactivates the m6A demethylase FTO expression, leading to site‐specific demethylation and decreased abundance of YTHDC1‐bound Malat1 lncRNA at single‐nucleotide resolution. The diminished m6A modification of Malat1 lncRNA reduces its stability and augments antioxidant pathways governed by NRF2, consequently mitigating DON‐induced liver injury. Furthermore, Malat1 knockout mice exhibit decreased DON‐induced liver injury, emphasizing the role of Malat1 lncRNA in oxidative stress. Collectively, the findings establish that PXR‐mediated m6A‐dependent Malat1 lncRNA expression determines hepatocyte oxidative stress via m6A demethylase FTO, providing valuable insights into the potential mechanisms underlying DON‐induced liver injury and offers potential therapeutic strategies for its treatment.
Extrusion Printing of Surface‐Functionalized Metal‐Organic Framework Inks for a High‐Performance Wearable Volatile Organic Compound Sensor
Authors: Wang Xiao , Qi Hao , Shao Yuzhou , Zhao Mingming , Chen Huayun , Chen Yun , Ying Yibin , Wang Yixian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWearable sensors hold immense potential for real‐time and non‐destructive sensing of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), requiring both efficient sensing performance and robust mechanical properties. However, conventional colorimetric sensor arrays, acting as artificial olfactory systems for highly selective VOC profiling, often fail to meet these requirements simultaneously. Here, a high‐performance wearable sensor array for VOC visual detection is proposed by extrusion printing of hybrid inks containing surface‐functionalized sensing materials. Surface‐modified hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) improves the humidity resistance and VOC sensitivity of PDMS‐coated dye/metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) composites. It also enhances their dispersion within liquid PDMS matrix, thereby promoting the hybrid liquid as high‐quality extrusion‐printing inks. The inks enable direct and precise printing on diverse substrates, forming a uniform and high particle‐loading (70 wt%) film. The printed film on a flexible PDMS substrate demonstrates satisfactory flexibility and stretchability while retaining excellent sensing performance from dye/MOFs@PDMS particles. Further, the printed sensor array exhibits enhanced sensitivity to sub‐ppm VOC levels, remarkable resistance to high relative humidity (RH) of 90%, and the differentiation ability for eight distinct VOCs. Finally, the wearable sensor proves practical by in situ monitoring of wheat scab‐related VOC biomarkers. This study presents a versatile strategy for designing effective wearable gas sensors with widespread applications.
A Giant Magneto‐Superelasticity of 5% Enabled by Introducing Ordered Dislocations in Ni34Co8Cu8Mn36Ga14 Single Crystal
Authors: Yu Qijia , Wang Jingmin , Liang Chuanxin , Meng Jiaxi , Xu Jinyue , Liu Yang , Zhao Shiteng , Xi Xuekui , Xi Chuanying , Yang Ming , Si Chen , He Yangkun , Wang Dong , Jiang Chengbao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractElasticity, featured by a recoverable strain, refers to the ability that materials can return to their original shapes after deformation. Typically, the elastic strains of most metals are well‐known 0.2%. In shape memory alloys and high entropy alloys, the elastic strains can be several percent, as called superelasticity, which are all triggered by external stresses. A superelasticity induced by magnetic field, termed as magneto‐superelasticity, is extremely important for contactless work of materials and for developing brand‐new large stroke actuators and high efficiency energy transducers. In magnetic shape memory alloys, the twin boundary motion driven by magnetic field can output a strain of several percent. However, this strain is unrecoverable when removing the magnetic field and hence it is not magneto‐superelasticity. Here, a giant magneto‐superelasticity of 5% in a Ni34Co8Cu8Mn36Ga14 single crystal is reported by introducing arrays of ordered dislocations to form preferentially oriented martensitic variants during the magnetically induced reverse martensitic transformation. This work provides an opportunity to achieve high performance in functional materials by defect engineering.
On‐Chip Neural Induction Boosts Neural Stem Cell Commitment: Toward a Pipeline for iPSC‐Based Therapies
Authors: Jain Saumey , Voulgaris Dimitrios , Thongkorn Surangrat , Hesen Rick , Hägg Alice , Moslem Mohsen , Falk Anna , Herland Anna 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe clinical translation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds great potential for personalized therapeutics. However, one of the main obstacles is that the current workflow to generate iPSCs is expensive, time‐consuming, and requires standardization. A simplified and cost‐effective microfluidic approach is presented for reprogramming fibroblasts into iPSCs and their subsequent differentiation into neural stem cells (NSCs). This method exploits microphysiological technology, providing a 100‐fold reduction in reagents for reprogramming and a ninefold reduction in number of input cells. The iPSCs generated from microfluidic reprogramming of fibroblasts show upregulation of pluripotency markers and downregulation of fibroblast markers, on par with those reprogrammed in standard well‐conditions. The NSCs differentiated in microfluidic chips show upregulation of neuroectodermal markers (ZIC1, PAX6, SOX1), highlighting their propensity for nervous system development. Cells obtained on conventional well plates and microfluidic chips are compared for reprogramming and neural induction by bulk RNA sequencing. Pathway enrichment analysis of NSCs from chip showed neural stem cell development enrichment and boosted commitment to neural stem cell lineage in initial phases of neural induction, attributed to a confined environment in a microfluidic chip. This method provides a cost‐effective pipeline to reprogram and differentiate iPSCs for therapeutics compliant with current good manufacturing practices.
Fast Room‐Temperature Mg‐Ion Conduction in Clay‐Like Halide Glassy Electrolytes
Authors: Yang Xiaochen , Gupta Sunny , Chen Yu , Sari Dogancan , Hau Han‐Ming , Cai Zijian , Dun Chaochao , Qi Miao , Ma Lu , Liu Yi , Urban Jeffrey J. , Ceder Gerbrand 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe discovery of mechanically soft solid‐state materials with fast Mg‐ion conduction is crucial for the development of solid‐state magnesium batteries. In this paper, novel magnesium gallium halide compounds are reported that achieve high ionic conductivity of 0.47 mS cm−1 at room temperature. These Mg‐ion conductors obtained by ball milling Mg and Ga salts exhibit clay‐like mechanical properties, enabling intimate contact at the electrode–electrolyte interface during battery cycling. With a combination of experimental and computational analysis, this study identifies that the soft‐clay formation is induced by partial anion exchange during milling. This partial anion exchange creates undercoordinated magnesium ions in a chlorine‐rich environment, yielding fast Mg‐ion conduction. This work demonstrates the potential of clay‐like halide electrolytes for all‐solid‐state magnesium batteries, with possible further extension to other multivalent battery systems.
All together now: Assessing variation in maternal and nonmaternal handling of wild Colobus vellerosus infants
Authors: King Allyson G. , Rissling Tianna , Cote Susanne , Sicotte Pascale 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrimatologists have a long‐standing interest in the study of maternal care and nonmaternal handling (NH) of infants stemming from recognition that early social relationships can have enduring consequences. Though maternal care and NH often include expression of similar behaviors, they are regularly studied in isolation from each other with nonoverlapping terminology, thereby overlooking possible interplay between them and obfuscating potential developmental ramifications that ensue from trade‐offs made between maternal (MH) and NH during infancy. To that end, identifying how MH and NH patterns interact and contribute to the total handling (TH) infants receive is a critical first step. We present durational handling data collected from 25 wild Colobus vellerosus infants from 2016 to 2017 and assess the relationships between TH, MH, and NH. Patterns of social affiliation are shaped in part by surrounding context, and therefore, we also assess whether NH and TH differ in their responsivity to various infant and social group characteristics. Ninety‐four percent of observed handling was MH, while just 5.5% was NH. Young infants who received more MH (excluding nursing) also received more NH; there was no relationship between the two in older infants. Infants in larger groups participated in more handling of all types. Additionally, NH time was associated with infant sex and group stability. Non‐nursing TH time was associated with group stability and infant cohort size. Though NH variation likely confers social‐networking advantage, in this population NH is not a major contributor to TH and would not effectively replace reduced MH. The positive association between MH and NH during early infancy suggests that colobus mothers may play a mediating role in shaping infant socialization. This is a first step in elucidating how different forms of handling relate to one another in wild primates and in identifying the impact of handling on infant socialization.
Prevalence of and Annual Conversion Rates to Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: Prospective, Longitudinal Study of an Essential Tremor Cohort
Authors: Ghanem Ali , Berry Diane S. , Burkes Allison , Grill Natalie , Hall Talía M. , Hart Kira A. , Hernandez Nora C. , Chapman Silvia , Sharma Vibhash D. , Huey Edward D. , Cosentino Stephanie A. , Louis Elan D. 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveDespite recent attention to cognitive impairment in essential tremor, few studies examine rates of conversion to diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Development of dementia in essential tremor is associated with loss of functional ability and a doubling of mortality rate. This prospective, longitudinal study comprehensively reports the prevalence and incidence of, and the annual rates of conversion to, mild cognitive impairment and dementia in an essential tremor cohort.MethodsPatients underwent detailed cognitive assessments and were assigned diagnoses of normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. There were 222 patients at baseline (mean age = 79.3 ± 9.7 years), and 177 patients participated in follow‐up evaluations at 18, 36, 54, and 72 months (mean years of observation = 5.1 ± 1.7). Data were compared to those of historical controls and Parkinson disease patients.ResultsThe cumulative prevalence of dementia and average annual conversion rate of mild cognitive impairment to dementia were 18.5% and 12.2%, nearly three times higher than rates in the general population, and approximately one half the magnitude of those reported for Parkinson disease patients. The cumulative prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (26.6%) was almost double that of the general population, but less than that in Parkinson disease populations.InterpretationWe present the most complete exposition of the longitudinal trajectory of cognitive impairment in an essential tremor cohort yet presented. The prevalence of and conversion rates to dementia in essential tremor fall between those associated with the natural course of aging and the more pronounced rates observed in Parkinson disease. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:1193–1204
A Photodynamic and Photochemotherapeutic Platinum‐Iridium Charge‐Transfer Conjugate for Anticancer Therapy
Authors: Shi Huayun , Carter Oliver W. L. , Ponte Fortuna , Imberti Cinzia , Gomez‐Gonzalez Miguel A. , Cacho‐Nerin Fernando , Quinn Paul D. , Parker Julia E. , Sicilia Emilia , Huang Huaiyi , Sadler Peter J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe novel hetero‐dinuclear complex trans,trans,trans‐[PtIV(py)2(N3)2(OH)(μ‐OOCCH2CH2CONHCH2‐bpyMe)IrIII(ppy)2]Cl (Pt‐Ir), exhibits charge transfer between the acceptor photochemotherapeutic Pt(IV) (Pt‐OH) and donor photodynamic Ir(III) (Ir‐NH2) fragments. It is stable in the dark, but undergoes photodecomposition more rapidly than the Pt(IV) parent complex (Pt‐OH) to generate Pt(II) species, an azidyl radical and 1O2. The Ir(III)* excited state, formed after irradiation, can oxidise NADH to NAD⋅ radicals and NAD+. Pt‐Ir is highly photocytotoxic towards cancer cells with a high photocytotoxicity index upon irradiation with blue light (465 nm, 4.8 mW/cm2), even with short light‐exposure times (10–60 min). In contrast, the mononuclear Pt‐OH and Ir‐NH2 subunits and their simple mixture are much less potent. Cellular Pt accumulation was higher for Pt‐Ir compared to Pt‐OH. Irradiation of Pt‐Ir in cancer cells damages nuclei and releases chromosomes. Synchrotron‐XRF revealed ca. 4× higher levels of intracellular platinum compared to iridium in Pt‐Ir treated cells under dark conditions. Luminescent Pt‐Ir distributes over the whole cell and generates ROS and 1O2 within 1 h of irradiation. Iridium localises strongly in small compartments, suggestive of complex cleavage and excretion via recycling vesicles (e.g. lysosomes). The combination of PDT and PACT motifs in one molecule, provides Pt‐Ir with a novel strategy for multimodal phototherapy.