bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overlooked anterior anal misplacement: a ‘forme fruste’ anomaly and potentially correctable cause of constipation
Authors: AbouZeid Amr Abdelhamid , AbdelMalek Amr Abdel Rahman , Hassan Omar Goda , Mohammad Shaimaa Abdelsattar 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To share our experience in the management of a specific type of mild anorectal anomaly presenting with severe constipation.

Methods
Data of patients with idiopathic constipation who were referred to our pediatric surgical facility during the period from 2013 to 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The study included patients with significant symptoms of constipation associated with a minor degree of unrecognized anterior anal misplacement. MRI was ordered in most cases to confirm the presence of deeper structural abnormalities.

Results
Data from 16 cases were available for retrospective analysis. All included cases underwent posterior anoplasty with posterior sphincterotomy. Postoperative recovery was uneventful in all cases with no wound complications. Almost all cases reported obvious improvement of symptoms regarding frequency of defecation and relief of straining which was the most distressing preoperative complaint. After 1 month, 12 cases were off laxatives with regular defecation; 3 cases still required lower doses of laxatives. Only one case reported unsatisfactory response up to 3 months postoperatively, and unfortunately was lost to follow-up. Five cases responded to messages sent to them through registered phone numbers and were available for longer-term follow-up.

Conclusion
Mild unrecognized forms of anorectal anomalies may present with idiopathic constipation. Severe straining at defecation is an important clue. The subtle abnormality on perineal examination can be supported by pelvic MRI unveiling more structural abnormalities at a deeper level. Posterior anoplasty offered relief of symptoms in most cases.
Modelling COVID-19 transmission dynamics in Laos under non-pharmaceutical interventions, vaccination, and replacement of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Zhang Xu-Sheng , Luo Hong , Charlett Andre , DeAngelis Daniela , Liu Wei , Vickerman Peter , Woolhouse Mark , Wu Linxiong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic evolved under control measures is crucial to tackle the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread. Laos, a country bordering China but with late occurrence and low burden of COVID-19 compared to its neighbouring countries, was used for a case study.

Methods
A transmission model with disease reporting was proposed to investigate the impact of control measures on the SARS-CoV-2 virus spread in Laos from April 2021 to May 2022. It was assumed that the transmission rate changed with people’s behaviours, control measures and emerging variants; susceptibility decreased with vaccination and infection. Bayesian inference was used for model calibration to data of confirmed cases, deaths, and recoveries, and the deviance information criterion was used to select the best model variant.

Results
Our model including Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), behaviour change, vaccination, and changing variants well explained the three waves in Laos. The Alpha variant was estimated to have a basic reproduction number of 1.55 (95% CrI: 1.47–1.64) and was replaced by the Delta variant from September 2021 which was 1.88 (95% CrI: 1.77–2.01) times more transmissible; the Delta variant was replaced by Omicron variant from March 2022 which was 3.33 (95% CrI: 2.84–3.74) times more transmissible. The Delta variant was the most severe with a case fatality rate of 1.05% (95% CrI: 0.96–1.15%) while the Alpha variant and Omicron variant were much milder. The ascertainment rate was low and variable: first decreasing from 13.2 to 1.8% by 23 May 2021, and then increasing to 23.4% by 15 March 2022. Counterfactual simulations indicated that vaccination played strong roles in reducing infections even under the emergence of immune escape variants while behaviour change delayed but might not flatten the peak of outbreaks.

Conclusions
The three waves of Laos’ epidemics were due to the invasion of more transmissible and immune escape variants that affected the herd immunity built via vaccination and infection. Even with immunity waning and the escape of new variants, vaccination was still the major contributor to control COVID-19 and combining behaviour changes and vaccination would best suppress future outbreaks of COVID-19.
Bacterial–microalgal consortia for bioremediation of textile industry wastewater and resource recovery for circular economy
Authors: Rathour Ranju Kumari , Sharma Deepak , Ullah Saleem , Mahmoud El-Hassan M. , Sharma Nitish , Kumar Pradeep , Bhatt Arvind Kumar , Ahmad Irshad , Bhatia Ravi Kant 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTextile industries discharge significant amounts of toxic chemicals, including residual dyes and various other xenobiotic compounds, into the environment, leading to adverse effects such as toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. While physico-chemical methods are commonly used for dye removal, bioremediation with microorganisms offers a greener and more eco-friendly alternative. Many microorganisms, including fungi, bacteria, and microalgae, possess the ability to degrade textile dyes through their metabolic pathways. However, their biodegradation potential is often hindered by factors such as cytotoxic effects of dyes, unfavorable environmental conditions, dye composition, concentration, and microbial types. In recent years, different strains of fungi, bacteria, and microalgae have been employed individually or in consortia for textile dye biodegradation. Nevertheless, there is a notable gap in research regarding the use of “bacterial–microalgal consortia” as a novel approach for efficient textile dye detoxification. This review aims to provide updated insights into the symbiotic interactions between bacteria and microalgae in degrading textile dyes. It discusses various technological, resource recovery, and economic challenges, as well as future prospects of this approach for textile wastewater treatment, emphasizing its potential for environmental and economic benefits.
Graphical Abstract
Linvoseltamab for Treatment of Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Bumma Naresh , Richter Joshua , Jagannath Sundar , Lee Hans C. , Hoffman James E. , Suvannasankha Attaya , Zonder Jeffrey A. , Shah Mansi R. , Lentzsch Suzanne , Baz Rachid , Maly Joseph J. , Namburi Swathi , Pianko Matthew J. , Ye Jing Christine , Wu Ka Lung , Silbermann Rebecca , Min Chang-Ki , Vekemans Marie-Christiane , Munder Markus , Byun Ja Min , Martínez-Lopez Joaquín , Cassady Kaniel , DeVeaux Michelle , Chokshi Dhruti , Boyapati Anita , Hazra Anasuya , Yancopoulos George D. , Sirulnik L. Andres , Rodriguez Lorenc Karen , Kroog Glenn S. , Houvras Yariv , Dhodapkar Madhav V. 
Published: June 2024

PURPOSE
We present a phase I/II first-in-human trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of 50 mg and 200 mg doses of linvoseltamab, a B-cell maturation antigen × CD3 bispecific antibody in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM).

METHODS
Phase II eligible patients had RRMM that either progressed on/after ≥three lines of therapy including a proteasome inhibitor (PI), an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), and an anti-CD38 antibody or was triple-class (PI/IMiD/anti-CD38) refractory. Phase II treatment was once a week through week 14 and then once every 2 weeks. Phase II 200 mg patients who achieved a ≥very good partial response by week 24 received linvoseltamab once every 4 weeks. The primary end point in phase II was overall response rate (ORR).

RESULTS
Among the 117 patients treated with 200 mg, the median age was 70 years, 39% had high-risk cytogenetics, and 28% had penta-refractory disease. At a median follow-up of 14.3 months, the ORR was 71%, with 50% achieving ≥complete response (CR). In 104 patients treated with 50 mg at a median follow-up of 7.4 months, the ORR was 48%, with 21% achieving ≥CR. The median duration of response (DOR) for 200 mg patients (n = 83) was 29.4 months (95% CI, 19.2 to not evaluable). Among 200 mg patients, the most common adverse events included cytokine release syndrome (35.0% Gr1, 10.3% Gr2, 0.9% Gr3), neutropenia (0.9% Gr2, 18.8% Gr3, 23.1% Gr4), and anemia (3.4% Gr1, 4.3% Gr2, 30.8% Gr3). Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome occurred in 7.7% of patients (2.6% each Gr1, Gr2, Gr3). Infections were reported in 74.4% of patients (33.3% Gr3, 2.6% Gr4); infection frequency and severity declined over time.

CONCLUSION
Linvoseltamab 200 mg induced deep and durable responses, with a median DOR of 29.4 months, in patients with RRMM with an acceptable safety profile.
Research on the Teaching Model of English Teaching Quality Evaluation under the Background of MOOC
Authors: Qin Xiao 
Published: June 2024

In the context of informatization, online teaching is increasingly favored by people for its convenience and resource richness. Through the Open CourseWar (MOOC) platform, people can easily access learning resources and achieve efficient line length learning. However, currently MOOC online learning cannot provide targeted evaluation for the learning effectiveness of English learners, and there is relatively little research on online English quality assessment. Propose an intelligent MOOC online English teaching evaluation technology. Firstly, analyze the existing English teaching factors and construct a quality evaluation system for online English teaching using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and expert evaluation method. Considering that the quality of English teaching is influenced by many factors, the evaluation of English teaching quality belongs to a complex nonlinear solving problem. Therefore, the advanced GA-RBF (Genetic Algorithm Radial Basis Function Neural Network, GA-RBF) model is adopted to solve the English teaching quality evaluation model. In teaching quality evaluation, BP and RBF are selected to participate in comparative testing of teaching quality evaluation. In the training loss test of multiple models, the GA-RBF model has the best convergence speed and training performance in the oral sample test, tends to converge after 270 iterations, with a loss value of 0.24. In the evaluation of English proficiency indicators, the BP model has a significant error in testing, with an error of 13 in the evaluation of reading ability scores. The error of RBF in reading ability score evaluation is 4, and the GA-RBF model performs the best. The reading ability evaluation error is 1, and the overall evaluation performance is the best. Through the above research, an intelligent method for evaluating the quality of English teaching is proposed, which will provide important technical references for MOOC online education evaluation and English teaching improvement.
Studying the Influence of School Culture on Health-related Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Authors: Li Bin 
Published: June 2024

With the development of the mobile internet and the intensification of the differentiated behaviour of communication audiences, there are many challenges and difficulties in content dissemination to younger generations about promoting Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and improving health-related behaviour. Current literature lacks information on the association between knowledge, attitude, practice, and campus culture construction. This article investigates the relationship between traditiona Chinese medicine (TCM) campus culture construction and health-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among primary campus students in China. It employed structural equation modelling (SEM) to analyze the data. For this study, the data was collected through an online questionnaire from a group of students. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory FactorAnalysis (CFA) was conducted on data for validation and reliability. The study contributes to the existing literature by providing empirical evidence on the influence of TCM campus culture construction on health-related KAP among primary campus students.
Evaluation and Selection of Manufacturing Suppliers under the Perspective of Smart Manufacturing Combined with Bilevel Programming
Authors: Du Feng 
Published: June 2024

To address the issue of supplier evaluation and selection in the current intelligent manufacturing industry, a supplier intelligent evaluation and selection model combining bilevel programming is proposed. Firstly, based on existing research results and the current situation of the manufacturing market, a manufacturing supplier evaluation index system is constructed, and the principal component analysis method is used to simplify it; Then, the simplified indicator system is input into the back propagation neural network to build a supplier intelligent evaluation model and achieve supplier intelligent evaluation; A mathematical model for supplier selection problem is constructed based on bilevel programming, and an optimized sparrow search algorithm is put forward to solve it. A supplier intelligent selection model is constructed to achieve intelligent supplier selection. The lab findings denote that the F1 value of the supplier intelligent evaluation model is 0.953, the accuracy is 0.985, the area under the curve is 0.962, and the error of the output comprehensive evaluation value is 0.003; The output accuracy of the supplier intelligent selection model is 0.8. The above results indicate that the model raised in the article has good application effects in supplier evaluation and selection, and has a certain promoting effect on the development of the intelligent manufacturing industry.
Task-dependent Slicing with Convolutional Network Model for Histopathological Image Analysis
Authors: N Hari Babu  , Enireddy Vamsidhar 
Published: June 2024

Due to its high rates of both mortality and morbidity, cancer stands as the primary cause of death globally. The examination of histopathological images plays a crucial role in the early prediction of cancer, relying on manual practices for each individual affected. However, this phase is prone to errors, time-consuming, and doesn’t facilitate early-stage decision-making for pathologists. Despite significant advancements in computer-aided image processing, the analysis of histopathological morphology remains challenging due to the intricate nature of these images. Moreover, limited annotations restrict sample analysis. This work focuses on developing efficient deep-learning methods to analyze histopathological images by considering both global and local features. It involves the analysis of image patches and features to address issues related to image annotations. A unique task-specific slicing model, integrated with the convolutional network model (ts-CNN) is proposed. This framework aims to conduct patch-level feature examination and combine multiple samples to achieve the necessary outcomes for classification. The envisioned model aims to rectify inefficiencies present in various existing approaches. Using MATLAB 2020a, the proposed model was employed to classify cancer-based histopathological images, demonstrating superior predictive performance. It assisted pathologists in early cancer prediction with an accuracy of 98.2 % and aided in decision-making processes, offering promising results.
Application of Heterogeneous Data Analysis based on SEA Grid in User Investment Analysis
Authors: Liu Aqian , Huang Shuke 
Published: June 2024

To solve the problem of yield calculation in complex investment scenarios, a time-cost double-weighted rate of return calculation method based on SEA grid is proposed, and its effectiveness is verified by comparing with traditional methods and researching the quantitative evaluation and analysis method of user investment based on structured data. To solve the above problems, a data-heterogeneous federated learning method based on user investment analysis FedPSG is proposed, which changes the data form transmitted from the client to the server from model parameters to model scores, and only a small number of clients need to upload model parameters to the server in each round of training, thereby reducing communication costs. At the same time, a model retraining strategy is proposed, which uses server data to train the global model for second iteration, and further improves the model performance by alleviating the impact of data heterogeneity on federated learning. The method of event dimension analysis of user investment is designed, and a credibility index is proposed to evaluate the analysis results. Experiments show that by combining event data, it can effectively provide users with event factors in the fluctuation of investment profit and loss, and help users better analyze their own investments.
ARDAHAN VE KARS KENTLERİNİN GASTRONOMİK KİMLİĞİNİN OLUŞMASINDA BAL VE KAŞARIN KONUMU
Authors: Balcı Serkan 
Published: June 2024

Fiziksel ve biyolojik bir ihtiyaç olan beslenme, toplumların özellikleri ve kültürel kodlarını yansıtan “gastronomi” adı verilen yeni bir bilim ve sanata dönüşmüştür. Bu dönüşüm zamanla “çevre (konum, iklim)” ve “kültür (geleneksel ekolojik bilgi)” gibi birtakım faktörler yardımıyla kentlerin “gastronomik kimlik”lerini oluşturmuştur. Ayrıca, bu faktörler kimlikleri oluşturmanın yanında kimliği oluşturan ürünlerin korunmasına ve gelecek kuşaklara aktarılmasına katkı sağlamıştır.
Konum ve iklim itibariyle Ardahan ve Kars, büyükbaş hayvancılık ve bal üretimde önemli bir merkez konumundadır. Bunun yanında, gelecek nesillere aktarılan uygulamalar ile kaşar ve bal bu kentler için “gastronomik kimlik” unsuru olmuştur.
Bu gerçeklerden hareketle çalışmamızda ilk olarak bu oluşum sürecinin temel bileşenleri olan “çevre (konum, iklim)” ve “kültür (geleneksel ekolojik bilgi)” faktörleri ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkisi tespit edilmiştir. Ardından kaşar ve balın özelinde bu faktörlerin Kars ve Ardahan’ın gastronomik kimlik oluşumundaki etkisi açıklanmıştır. Son bölümde ise Ardahan ve Kars’ın gastronomik kimliğini oluşturan bal ve kaşar “kültür ekonomisi (festivaller, müzeler, coğrafî işaret tescili)” boyutuyla incelenmiş ve şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır:
1.	Bal ve kaşar, Kars ve Ardahan’ın gastronomik kimliğini oluşturmada başat ürünlerdir. Bu ürünlerin başat ürün olmasında “çevre (konum, iklim)” ve “kültür (geleneksel ekolojik bilgi)” birincil derecede etkili olmuştur.
2.	Ürünlerle ilgili yapılan festivaller, kurulan müze ve ürünlerin coğrafî işaret tescili almış olmaları kentlerin turist sayısına doğrudan etki etmektedir. Ayrıca, medya yoluyla ürünlerin markalaşmasını sağlamıştır.
Efficacy and safety of levilimab in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in real-life clinical practice: first results of the HELIOS observational study
Authors: Lila A. M. , Gaydukova I. Z. , Anoshenkova O. N. , Bannikova I. G. , Vinogradova I. B. , Goldman M. L. , Davidian S. Yu. , Evstigneeva L. P. , Epifanova O. E. , Zemerova E. V. , Zagrebneva A. I. , Ivanova L. V. , Karibova A. K. , Menshikova I. V. , Mironenko O. N. , Mikhailova M. P. , Nikulenkova N. E. , Patrikeeva I. M. , Plaksina T. V. , Savvina G. R. , Samigullina R. R. , Sarantseva L. E. , Usacheva J. V. , Ukhanova O. P. , Fatkhullina G. F. , Chudinov A. L. , Shafieva I. A. , Yakupova S. P. 
Published: June 2024

The efficacy and safety of levilimab (LVL) in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been confirmed in controlled clinical trials. This article presents the results of a preliminary analysis of a non-interventional observational study of LVL in RA patients. Objective: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LVL in the treatment of patients with RA in real-world clinical practice. Materials and methods. The HELIOS study is a retrospective-prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study of retention rate of LVL therapy and the safety of LVL in patients with RA in real-world clinical practice. Patients received medical care, including LVL, according to routine clinical practice for the treatment of RA and Russian instructions for medical use of the drug. This article presents the results of an analysis of the efficacy and safety of LVL after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment. Efficacy was assessed using the DAS28-CRP/ESR, SDAI, CDAI and patient assessment of pain, fatigue and morning stiffness according to VAS (0–100 mm). Results and discussion. 524 patients from 42 medical centers in the Russian Federation were enrolled in the study from June 2022 to November 2023. The majority of patients were female (83.2 %) and the mean age of patients was 53 years. A statistically significant decrease in DAS28-CRP/ESR, SDAI, CDAI, patient assessment of pain, fatigue and morning stiffness (VAS) was observed after 12 and 24 weeks of treatment, regardless of previous treatment with biologics or Jak inhibitors (JAKi). LVL was well tolerated by patients, the most frequently reported adverse events were infections, changes in peripheral blood and laboratory abnormalities characteristic of treatment with IL-6R inhibitors. Conclusion. In real-world clinical practice, LVL has been shown to be highly effective and well tolerated in patients with RA when prescribed as the first biologic disease-modifying antirheaumatic drus (bDMARD) and after switching from other bDMARDs or JAKi.
Survival and lethal outcomes in Orenburg population of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Lazareva N. V. , Bugrova O. V. , Artemova N. E. , Nagornova K. A. 
Published: June 2024

Currently, the prognosis for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has improved significantly, but the relative risk of death in these patients is stillhigher than in the general population. Thrombotic complications are one of the leading causes of death in SLE. Objective: to analyze the survival rate and structure of lethal outcomes in Orenburg population of patients with SLE, including deaths due to thrombotic complications. Material and methods. A two-stage study of SLE progression and patient survival was conducted from 2007 to 2022. Clinical signs of the diseasewere analyzed in all patients at baseline (n = 68) and in survivors (n = 50) after 15 years. The median age at the time of enrolment in the study was 35 [29; 45] years, the disease duration – 7.5 [3; 13.5] years. During the second stage, the characteristics of the course of the disease in the survived patients and the causes of death in those who died over 15-year period were determined. Results and discussion. The 10-, 15- and 20-year survival rates in Orenburg population of patients with SLE reached 98.5, 95.5 and 86.3%, respectively. During this period, 18 (26.5 %) deaths were registered, the median age of the deceased was 48.5 [39; 57] years, and the duration of the disease was 22 [16; 30] years. The most common causes of death were thrombotic complications (n = 14, 78 %) due to antiphospholipid syndrome, lupus nephritis, and arterial hypertension. Less frequently, infectious complications were the cause of death (n = 4, 22 %). Patients with thrombotic complications had a 20-year survival rate of 80.2% that was significantly lower than in the SLE group without thrombosis. Conclusion. The results obtained allow to consider the presence of thrombotic complications in patients with SLE in Orenburg population as an unfavorable prognostic factor.