bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the neutron total cross section of 9Be at the Back-n white neutron source of CSNS*
Authors: Bai 白 Jiangbo 江博 , Tang 唐 Jingyu 靖宇 , Shi 施 Liqun 立群 , Chen 陈 Yonghao 永浩 , Yi 易 Han 晗 , Bao 鲍 Jie 杰 , Bao 鲍 Yu 煜 , Cao 曹 Ping 平 , Chen 陈 Haolei 昊磊 , Chen 陈 Zhen 朕 , Cui 崔 Zengqi 增琪 , Fan 樊 Ruirui 瑞睿 , Feng 封 Changqing 常青 , Gao 高 Keqing 可庆 , Gao 高 Xiaolong 晓龙 , Gu 顾 MinHao 旻皓 , Han 韩 Changcai 长材 , He 贺 Guozhu 国珠 , He 何 Yongcheng 泳成 , Hong 洪 Yang 杨 , Hu 胡 Yiwei 益伟 , Huang 黄 Hanxiong 翰雄 , Huang 黄 Xiru 锡汝 , Jiang 江 Haoyu 浩雨 , Jiang 蒋 Wei 伟 , Jiang 姜 Zhijie 智杰 , Jing 敬 Hantao 罕涛 , Kang 康 Ling 玲 , Li 李 Bo 波 , Li 李 Chao 超 , Li 李 Jiawen 嘉雯 , Li 李 Qiang 强 , Li 李 Xiao 晓 , Li 李 Yang 样 , Liu 刘 Jie 杰 , Liu 刘 Shubin 树彬 , Long 龙 Ze 泽 , Luan 栾 Guangyuan 广源 , Ning 宁 Changjun 常军 , Niu 牛 Mengchen 梦臣 , Qi 齐 Binbin 斌斌 , Ren 任 Jie 杰 , Ruan 阮 Xichao 锡超 , Song 宋 Zhaohui 朝晖 , Sun 孙 Kang 康 , Sun 孙 Zhijia 志嘉 , Tan 谭 Zhixin 志新 , Tang 唐 Xinyi 新懿 , Tian 田 Binbin 斌斌 , Wang 王 Lijiao 丽娇 , Wang 王 Pengcheng 鹏程 , Wang 王 Zhaohui 朝辉 , Wu 吴 Xiaoguang 晓光 , Wu 吴 Xuan 煊 , Xie 解 Likun 立坤 , Yang 杨 Xiaoyun 晓云 , Yu 于 Li 莉 , Yu 余 Tao 滔 , Yu 于 Yongji 永积 , Zhang 张 Guohui 国辉 , Zhang 张 Linhao 林浩 , Zhang 张 Qiwei 奇玮 , Zhang 张 Xianpeng 显鹏 , Zhang 张 Yuliang 玉亮 , Zhang 张 Zhiyong 志永 , Zhou 周 Luping 路平 , Zhou 周 Zhihao 志浩 , Zhu 朱 Kejun 科军 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The neutron total cross section data of 9Be are essential in the nuclear structure model research of light nuclei and nuclear power installations. The neutron total cross section of 9Be in the 0.3 eV−120 MeV energy region has been measured using time-of-flight and transmission methods with the Neutron Total Cross Sectional Spectrometer (NTOX) based on the multi-cell fast fission chamber at the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS)-Back-n white neutron source (Back-n). The fission count-neutron energy distributions of 235U and 238U without samples and with Be samples with three thicknesses were measured in the double-bunch operation mode for a beam power of 100 kW. The Bayesian method was used to eliminate the influence of the double-bunch problem on neutron measurement in the energy region above 10 keV. The neutron total cross section of 9Be results was consistent with ENDF/B-VIII.0 evaluation library data in the 0.3 eV−20 MeV energy region. In the energy ranges of 0.3 eV to 10 keV and 0.01 to 20 MeV, the deviations between our results and the evaluation results of ENDF/B-VIII.0 were within 2.5% and 15%, respectively. In the resonance energy region, the measured resonance energies in our experiment were 0.63, 0.82, and 2.8 MeV, respectively. The results showed that the total cross section uncertainties of three Be samples were within 2.2% in the energy region below 1 MeV. The total cross section uncertainty of 30 mm Be from 235U was the smallest and less than 5% in the energy region of 0.3 eV−120 MeV. The results of this experiment can provide technical support for further data analysis and related nuclear data evaluation.
Discovery potential of the Glashow resonance in an air shower neutrino telescope*
Authors: Huang 黄 Guo-Yuan 国远 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The in-ice or in-water Cherenkov neutrino telescope, such as IceCube, has already proved its power in measuring the Glashow resonance by searching for the bump around

arising from the W-boson production. There are many proposals for the next few decades for observations of cosmic tau neutrinos with extensive air showers, also known as tau neutrino telescopes. The air shower telescope is, in principle, sensitive to the Glashow resonance via the channel

followed by the tau decay in the air (e.g., TAMBO, which has a geometric area of approximately

). Using a thorough numerical analysis, we find that the discovery significance can be up to 90% with a TAMBO-like setup if PeV neutrinos primarily originate from neutron decays, considering the flux parameters measured by IceCube as the input. The presence of new physics affecting the neutrino flavor composition can also increase the significance. However, if ultrahigh-energy neutrinos are dominantly produced from meson decays, it will be statistically difficult for an advanced proposal such as TAMBO to discriminate the Glashow resonance induced by

from the intrinsic

background. We have identified several limitations for such advanced telescopes, in comparison with the in-ice or in-water telescope, when measuring resonances: (i) a suppressed branching ratio of 11% for the decay

; (ii) the smearing effect and reduced acceptance because the daughter neutrino takes away

75% of the energy from the W decay; and (iii) a large attenuation effect for Earth-skimming neutrinos with the resonance.
Unveiling EMG semantics: a prototype-learning approach to generalizable gesture classification
Authors: Lee Hunmin , Jiang Ming , Yang Jinhui , Yang Zhi , Zhao Qi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective. Upper limb loss can profoundly impact an individual’s quality of life, posing challenges to both physical capabilities and emotional well-being. To restore limb function by decoding electromyography (EMG) signals, in this paper, we present a novel deep prototype learning method for accurate and generalizable EMG-based gesture classification. Existing methods suffer from limitations in generalization across subjects due to the diverse nature of individual muscle responses, impeding seamless applicability in broader populations. Approach. By leveraging deep prototype learning, we introduce a method that goes beyond direct output prediction. Instead, it matches new EMG inputs to a set of learned prototypes and predicts the corresponding labels. Main results. This novel methodology significantly enhances the model’s classification performance and generalizability by discriminating subtle differences between gestures, making it more reliable and precise in real-world applications. Our experiments on four Ninapro datasets suggest that our deep prototype learning classifier outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of intra-subject and inter-subject classification accuracy in gesture prediction. Significance. The results from our experiments validate the effectiveness of the proposed method and pave the way for future advancements in the field of EMG gesture classification for upper limb prosthetics.
Determination of a car speed - analysis of projectile motion from a muddy puddle
Authors: Mohorič Aleš 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Drops from a muddy puddle produce a distinct pattern on the side doors of a car driving through the puddle. This pattern was studied to determine the speed of the car. We can conceive at least two different models for pattern formation. We can decide in favor of one of the models by using different representations of the data. The activity is based on a rich context-based problem of projectile motion and offers epistemological insight into how physics research works by forming and testing hypotheses and using alternative representations.
Using Smartphones to Innovate Laboratories in Introductory Physics Courses
Authors: Bernardini E , Carli M , Elkhashab M Y , Ferroglia A , Fiolhais M , Gabelli L , Jessen Munch H , Krym D , Mastrolia P , Ossola G , Pantano O , Postiglione J , Poveda Correa J S , Sirignano C , Soramel F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The SmartPhysics project involved two higher education institutions, one in Italy and one in the US, with the aim of exploring the use of smartphones for laboratory experiments in introductory Physics courses. Here we present and discuss two experiments that were developed in the project: the pendulum experiment, consisting in the measurement of the gravitational constant using a proximity stopwatch, and the ‘bouncing ball’ experiment, aimed at measuring the energy lost inelastic collisions with a hard surface. Both experiments were tested with the students in the academic year 2021-22. Our results and didactical reflections contain suggestions for the use of smartphone-based experiments in university settings, in comparison with traditional experiments and considering the specificities of different contexts.
Agent-based perspectives on epidemiological models: analysis of interviews with upper high-school students
Authors: Barelli Eleonora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In disease spread modeling, a prevalent approach employs differential equations to depict the dynamics of susceptible, infectious, and recovered populations over time. Nonetheless, alternative avenues exist through agent-based epidemiological models, drawing inspiration from interaction models from the physics of complex systems. This study delves into the formulation of such models by upper high-school students who attended a teaching-learning module on computational simulations. The paper focuses on their development of agent-based virus spread models, exploring their ability to forge analogies with previously encountered models of complex systems - namely, predator-prey, opinion dynamics, and cooperative behaviour models. Through the qualitative analysis of individual interviews, our findings reveal that effective strategies of analogy’s construction embed a comprehensive exploration of the underlying interaction mechanisms governing the evolution of the system under study. Conversely, in instances where the mechanistic dimension remains unexplored or vague, the depth and quality of the model elaborated is lower and the potential of comparing models to construct a more robust analogy remains unexploited.
Problem Solving Seminar for Future Physics Teachers
Authors: Dvořáková I , Snětinová M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The paper presents a seminar for future physics teachers focused on problem solving and creativity in problem solving. In this seminar, students are encouraged to find effective strategies for various problems on their own, to use multiple representations, and to be aware of barriers as well as possible clues to solving problems. Students and their teachers reflect together on the goal of each activity or problem, and look for ways to bring them into the regular classroom. The seminar is aimed not only at developing students’ problem-solving competencies, but more importantly to draw them towards thinking like a future teacher.
Creation of an evaluation rubric for the assessment of written preparation for teaching physics
Authors: Gejdošová Barbora , Velmovská Klára 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In the article, we present a proposal for an evaluation rubric for evaluating preparations for physics lessons. The evaluation rubric is intended for the evaluation of written preparations created by physics preservice teachers. We describe the method of creating an evaluation rubric and verifying its reliability. A well-conducted lesson by the teacher presupposes high-quality preparation for the lesson. Therefore, we consider it important that pre-service teachers would be able to develop a well-thought-out preparation in written form. We plan to improve its quality among students (pre-service teachers) by providing feedback based on the evaluation tool designed by us. We verified the reliability of the final evaluation rubric, therefore it can be considered a suitable tool for evaluating student preparations for physics lessons and providing feedback.
Valuation of a financial claim contingent on the outcome of a quantum measurement
Authors: Hughston Lane P , Sánchez-Betancourt Leandro 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We consider a rational agent who at time 0 enters into a financial contract for which the payout is determined by a quantum measurement at some time T > 0. The state of the quantum system is given in the Heisenberg representation by a known density matrix

p
^

. How much will the agent be willing to pay at time 0 to enter into such a contract? In the case of a finite dimensional Hilbert space

H

, each such claim is represented by an observable

X
^

T

where the eigenvalues of

X
^

T

determine the amount paid if the corresponding outcome is obtained in the measurement. We prove, under reasonable axioms, that there exists a pricing state

q
^

which is equivalent to the physical state

p
^

such that the pricing function

Π

0
T

takes the linear form

Π

0
T

(

X
^

T

)
=

P

0
T

tr
(

q
^

X
^

T

)

for any claim

X
^

T

, where

P

0
T

is the one-period discount factor. By ‘equivalent’ we mean that

p
^

and

q
^

share the same null space: that is, for any

|
ξ
⟩
∈

H

one has

p
^

|

ξ
⟩
=
0

if and only if

q
^

|

ξ
⟩
=
0

. We introduce a class of optimization problems and solve for the optimal contract payout structure for a claim based on a given measurement. Then we consider the implications of the Kochen–Specker theorem in this setting and we look at the problem of forming portfolios of such contracts. Finally, we consider multi-period contracts.
Self-compacting geopolymer concrete using Class F Fly Ash
Authors: Mehta Geeta , Garg Anshul , Sharma Sanjay Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The development of self-compacting geopolymer concrete has the dual advantages of reducing environmental pollution and managing waste. The objective of the current experimental study is to create self-compacting geopolymer concrete with the best sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratio utilizing class F fly ash and sodium hydroxide. With varying sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide ratios (2.1, 2.3, 2.5, and 2.7), different molarities of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (10M, 12M, and 14M) have been examined for workability and strength behavior. Self-compacting geopolymer concrete is found to be the ideal combination for a 12M sodium hydroxide solution and a 2.5 ratio of sodium silicate to sodium hydroxide solution.
Improving the Performance of Porous Concrete by Utilizing the Pumice Aggregate
Authors: Das Sourish , Juneja Deepak Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The performance of porous concrete, widely used for storm-water management, can be compromised due to the limitations of conventional aggregates. This research investigates the potential of pumice aggregate, a lightweight volcanic material, to enhance the mechanical strength, durability, and permeability of porous concrete. A series of experimental tests were conducted to evaluate the effects of varying pumice aggregate content on the properties of porous concrete. The results demonstrate that the inclusion of pumice aggregate significantly improves the compressive strength, flexural strength, and freeze-thaw resistance of porous concrete. Moreover, the permeability of the concrete mixtures is enhanced, allowing for better storm-water infiltration. The favorable porous characteristics of pumice aggregate contribute to increased void content within the concrete, enhancing its water storage capacity and reducing runoff. These findings suggest that utilizing pumice aggregate can lead to the development of more sustainable and efficient porous concrete systems for storm-water management. The incorporation of pumice aggregate not only improves the mechanical and hydraulic performance of porous concrete but also offers environmental benefits by utilizing a lightweight and natural material. The findings of this research have significant implications for sustainable construction practices and the effective management of storm-water runoff.
Feasibility Study on the Use of Iron Ore Tailings as Fine Aggregate with Glass Fibre in Concrete
Authors: Hameed A S , Raju A , Nagarajan P 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Concrete is the most widely used building material in the world, but its production has significant environmental consequences, including high carbon emissions and natural resource depletion. As a result, there is an increasing interest in the development of sustainable concrete technologies that reduce concrete’s environmental footprint while maintaining its performance and durability. Partially replacing fine aggregate with industrial waste is one such approach. It is a great practice for developing sustainable concrete that can help with environmental problems caused by the dumping of these waste materials at the same time maintaining the performance of concrete. It also provides economic and social benefits in addition to the environmental benefits. iron ore tailings is one such industrial waste that is the by-product of iron ore beneficiation process which has shown the potential for partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete. In addition, glass fibre is added to improve the tensile property of concrete. A concrete mix of M20 grade were prepared by replacing fine aggregate with iron ore tailing at replacement level 15%, 25%, and 35% and the optimum replacement percentage was obtained. Further, glass fibre was added at the dosage of 0.5% by the weight of cement to the mix with optimised replacement of iron ore tailings and tests were conducted. This work also examines concrete’s physical, mechanical and durability properties with partial replacement of fine aggregate with iron ore tailings and glass fibre by conducting tests on strength and durability. Results obtained indicates incorporation of iron ore tailing with concrete reduces the workability of concrete, and the addition of glass fibre improved the compressive strength and split tensile strength. Durability tests show an increase in water absorption with the addition of iron ore tailings and a medium level of chloride penetration. The study showed the use of iron ore tailing as a sustainable alternative to fine aggregate in concrete.
Effect of marble dust blended with recycled coarse aggregate on self-compacting geopolymer concrete
Authors: Mehta Geeta , Dhamal Aditya , Reeyaz  , Yadav Vivekanand , Sharma Sanjay Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This investigation on the application of marble dust, ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), and recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) in geopolymer concrete is presented in this research report. The study aims to determine whether it is possible to make concrete that is more environmentally friendly and sustainable while maintaining its desirable features. The creation and testing of various GGBS-based geopolymer concrete mixtures utilizing varying ratios of marble dust and RCA in a 12M NaOH solution were part of the research technique. In the experimental study, new concrete qualities were developed and examined by EFNARC requirements. The addition of marble dust and RCA has been found to significantly alter the geopolymer concrete’s characteristics. The study finds that employing RCA, GGBS, and marble dust can be successful.
Hydraulic Conductivity of Soils: A Comprehensive Review of the Impacts of Chemicals, Soil Salinity, Organic Matter, and Land Use
Authors: Gupta S K , Kumar M , Srivastava A K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The contamination of groundwater by toxic heavy metals, organic compounds, and microbiological contaminants is a significant issue worldwide. To address this problem, various methods have been employed, including in-situ remediation and transporting polluted soil or groundwater for final treatment. This study aims to review the impact of soil heterogeneity on in-situ remediation, with a particular focus on subsurface preferential flow that accelerates solute transport. The study highlights the importance of soil hydraulic conductivity in soil production, ecological health, and water resource management. Soil hydraulic conductivity is influenced by soil structure, moisture content, and chemical exposure. The findings of this study emphasize that sustainable soil management and environmental restoration require an understanding of hydraulic conductivity parameters and the implementation of appropriate management strategies.
Guidelines for reproducible analysis of adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing data
Authors: Peres Ayelet , Klein Vered , Frankel Boaz , Lees William , Polak Pazit , Meehan Mark , Rocha Artur , Correia Lopes João , Yaari Gur 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Enhancing the reproducibility and comprehension of adaptive immune receptor repertoire sequencing (AIRR-seq) data analysis is critical for scientific progress. This study presents guidelines for reproducible AIRR-seq data analysis, and a collection of ready-to-use pipelines with comprehensive documentation. To this end, ten common pipelines were implemented using ViaFoundry, a user-friendly interface for pipeline management and automation. This is accompanied by versioned containers, documentation and archiving capabilities. The automation of pre-processing analysis steps and the ability to modify pipeline parameters according to specific research needs are emphasized. AIRR-seq data analysis is highly sensitive to varying parameters and setups; using the guidelines presented here, the ability to reproduce previously published results is demonstrated. This work promotes transparency, reproducibility, and collaboration in AIRR-seq data analysis, serving as a model for handling and documenting bioinformatics pipelines in other research domains.
Property of Hemorrhoid Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cell Tow-Dimensional and Tridimensional Cultures for the Treatment of Anal Incontinence
Authors: Balaphas A , El Hajji S , Moeckli B , Liot E , Modarressi A , Meurette G , Laumonier T , Lacotte S , Meyer J , Toso C , Ris F 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) from different origins, including adipose tissue, have been proposed for the treatment of anal incontinence with encouraging preclinical and clinical outcomes. Cell transplantation as tridimensional structures instead of individual cell suspension seems to increase cell viability and implantation. We previously developed a protocol for MSC isolation directly from haemorrhoidal tissue (he-MSC) in human and demonstrated that the isolated cells fulfil MSC criteria.

Aims
Evaluate the characteristics and secretome of he-MSC in both two-dimensional or tridimensional cultures.

Methods
Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Tissue samples were procured from haemorrhoidectomy specimens or liposuction waste product and processed and characterized according to previously reported methods. He-MSC were cultured as spheroids using the “hanging-drop technique” or agarose pits. Immunofluorescence was performed to assess the expression of mesenchymal proteins and cell viability. Conditioned media of tow-dimensional cultures or spheroids in suspension were generated using low serum culture medium and analysed with semi-quantitative cytokine arrays (120 cytokines) and ELISA assays.

Results
Cultured cells demonstrated expression of vimentin and good viability, even as spheroids (2.6±2% cell death). Cytokine profile of he-MSC secretome was similar to that of adipose tissue-derived MSC (AT-MSC), with shared core cytokines (FGF-9, OPG, CCL2, CCL11, CCL13, IGFBP-4, IGFBP-6). Concentration of HGF measured by ELISA was higher in he-MSC conditioned medium than in AT- MSC conditioned medium (19613±3528 versus 179±84 pg/ml p&lt;0.001) whereas VEGF concentration followed an opposite trend (7627±947pg/ml versus 181±74 pg/ml p&lt;0.001). Production of mesenchymal proteins and growth factors was not affected by the spheroid configuration of cells.

Conclusion
We demonstrated that he-MSC exhibit a similar secretome profile compared to AT-MSC. Generation of spheroids did not compromise cell viability or their ability to produce structural proteins and growth factors, validating he-MSC spheroids use for further in vivo studies prior to clinical validation.