bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PUBLIC EVENTS AS A MEAN OF DESTINATION PROMOTION
Authors: Lingeberzins Eriks 
Published: May 2024

Tourism is often considered as a strategic economic development priority not only in areas with high numbers of domestic and international visitors but also in more remote and rural areas. Their ability to attract visitors is often limited by the number and the range of available infrastructure and other tangible and intangible resources. Even defined as development priority, tourism promotion is often underfinanced due to municipality budget priorities and often short-term focus whereas tourism promotion requires long term approaches. Less developed areas are also lacking overall understanding of various tourism impact forms and public officers face challenges communicating tourism marketing spendings to the public. These trends fit under the category of public events as a means of tourism promotion. Two cities qualifying as regional tourism destinations have prioritised public events as tourism promotion priorities. The aim of the research is to explore perception of public events as tourism destination promotion tools in regional tourism destinations. Research is a case study of public events as a means of tourism destination promotion in Bauska and Talsi city. Primary data has been obtained via semi-structured interviews with involved stakeholders representing public and private sector to develop practically applicable recommendations to other tourism destinations.
Predicting Peak Ground Acceleration of Strong-Motion Earthquakes Using Variable Snapshots of P-Wave Data with Long Short-Term Memory Neural Network
Authors: Owusu Duah John , Osei Ofosu , Osafo-Gyamfi Stephen 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Conventional earthquake early warning systems (EEWS) rely on mathematical functions that utilize P-wave parameters extracted over a 3 s window to estimate peak ground acceleration (PGA). Advancements in the capabilities of deep neural networks to approximate universal functions, coupled with the availability of strong seismic event data, offer an unprecedented opportunity to evaluate the relationship between variable snapshots of P-wave data and the PGA of strong-motion earthquakes. This convergence of technology and data opens new avenues for research into utilizing smaller snapshots of P-wave in EEWS. Our study centers on the utilization of a long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to model long dependencies within the P-wave of 1839 earthquakes recorded by the Kiyonshin Network (K-NET) for the prediction of PGA of S waves. Our methodology involves experiments that ultimately evaluate the network’s performance on 4, 3, and 2 s of P-wave snapshots. Our findings indicate that there is sufficient information in 2 s of temporal accelerometer readings after the onset of P waves to predict PGA accurately with an LSTM network.
Uma abordagem crítica das identidades nos estudos de recepção
Authors: Ronsini Veneza Mayora 
Published: May 2024

O artigo apresenta discussão teórica acerca dos obstáculos - criados no manejo de conceitos adotados nos estudos de recepção e consumo de mídia – que impedem a compreensão da vinculação entre experiência sociocultural e práticas de comunicação nos processos hegemônicos de estruturação do tecido social. Observamos que falta nos estudos que tematizam as identidades de classe e gênero falta a articulação entre diferença e desigualdade, pois usualmente as questões identitárias são problematizadas como questões de diferenças entre indivíduos e grupos sem que a questão estrutural da desigualdade econômica seja abordada. O conceito de classe social é a principal via para retomar a problemática das relações de poder nas apropriações da mídia enquanto também sugerimos os conceitos de reconhecimento e redistribuição propostos por Nancy Fraser.
Why Can’t We Give Up the Necropsy?
Authors: Balan Lacramioara 
Published: May 2024

In the past, necropsy has played an extremely important role in the development of medicine: understanding the nature of diseases, discovering many morbid entities, and assessing the effectiveness of treatment. An important argument, that technological advances have not reduced the value of necropsies, is a study conducted at a U.S. university hospital based on the follow-up of 100 unselected necropsies in the 2000s, 2010s, and 2020s. they understood and advocated the absolute necessity of pathology and, by implication, necropsy in the physician's education.
Visual attention towards building façades in the most energy vulnerable neighbourhoods in Madrid and the relaxing effect of visual coherence
Authors: Nédée Astrid , López-Moreno Helena , Arranz Beatriz , Higueras Ester 
Published: May 2024

ResumenEste estudio forma parte del proyecto mateMad que tiene como objetivo optimizar los materiales urbanos para hacer que los barrios desfavorecidos sean más habitables y sostenibles. El objetivo de este estudio preliminar es analizar la atención visual y el compromiso humano-fachada hacia las fachadas de edificios en barrios desfavorecidos en Madrid con el fin de crear barrios hermosos, sostenibles e inclusivos. La falta de simetría a lo largo del eje vertical y un tamaño geométrico no similar de las ventanas, mantenimiento deficiente, falta de transparencia de las ventanas y homogeneidad en color y textura resultaron en una mayor angustia subjetiva reportada, mientras que la simetría horizontal/vertical y la misma forma/tamaño de ventana resultaron en menos angustia. AbstractThis study is part of the mateMad project that aims to optimize urban materials to make deprived neighbourhoods more liveable and sustainable. The objective of this preliminary study is to analyse visual attention and human-façade engagement towards building façades in deprived neighbourhoods in Madrid to the end of creating beautiful, sustainable, and inclusive neighbourhoods. A lack of symmetry along the vertical axis and a-similar geometrical size of windows, poor maintenance, non-transparency of windows, and non-homogeneity in colour and texture resulted in more reported subjective distress, whereas horizontal/vertical symmetry and same window shape/size resulted in less.
Unequal Spatial Consequences of Abortion Restrictions in Texas, 2021–2023
Authors: Sauter Sydney R. , Wallace Maeve E. , Hernandez Julie H. 
Published: May 2024

Objectives. To demonstrate the spatially uneven effects of abortion restriction laws in Texas. Methods. We used network analysis to determine the change in distance to the nearest surgical abortion provider for 5253 Texas neighborhoods after the passing of Texas Senate Bill 8 (SB8; 2021) and the US Supreme Court’s Dobbs v Jackson Women’s Health Organization (2022) decision. We identified associations between key measures of neighborhood socioeconomic context and change in distance to providers using multivariable linear regression models. Results. After the Dobbs decision, Texas residents experienced an average change in distance to the nearest provider of 457 miles (SD = 179). Neighborhoods of concentrated disadvantage experienced the greatest increase in distance to abortion providers after SB8’s passing, and neighborhoods with high levels of income inequality experienced the greatest increase in distance after the Dobbs decision. Conclusions. We document the rapidly changing abortion landscape in a highly restrictive state and show that women living in more disadvantaged and unequal areas are most affected by the increasing distance to providers. Public Health Implications. Our methods and findings will continue to be relevant in understanding the burden placed on women in areas where medical abortion has been restricted because of the Dobbs decision. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(10):1024–1033. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307652 )
Reconstructing a Super-Eruption From the Upper Ordovician Period in the Eastern Pyrenees, Spain
Authors: Marti Joan , Casas Josep M. , Muñoz Josep A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Pyrenean basement rocks, NE of the Iberian Peninsula, southwestern Europe, include evidence of several pre-Variscan magmatic episodes which indicate the complex geodynamic history of this segment of the northern Gondwana margin from late Neoproterozoic to Early-Palaeozoic times. One of the most significant magmatic episodes was late Mid-early Upper Ordovician (Darriwilian-Katian) age that produced several granitic bodies and volcanic rocks interbedded with Sandbian-Katian sediments. This magmatism is well represented in the Ribes de Freser area (Freser valley, Bruguera and Campelles localities, eastern Pyrenees), where these Ordovician magmatic rocks were affected by an irregularly distributed Variscan deformation and mainly by severe Alpine tectonics, which originated the superposition of several structural units. We present a palinspatic reconstruction of this Alpine deformation (80-20 Ma), that permitted us to infer the geometry, facies distribution, original position, thickness, and significance of these volcanic rocks. This reconstruction allows us to interpret the volcanic rocks cropping out at the Freser valley, Bruguera, and Campelles areas as intra-caldera deposits representing a minimum preserved volume of the order of 100 km3. This may confirm the existence of super-eruptions of Upper-Ordovician age in that sector of the eastern Pyrenees and emphasizes the extent of the Upper-Ordovician felsic volcanism in this sector of the northern Gondwana margin, probably developed in an extensional scenario linked to the development of the Rheic Ocean during Gondwana margin breakup.
Enhanced Mutation Strategy Based Differential Evolution for Global Optimization Problems
Authors: Mishra Pawan , Pooja Pooja , Ali Musrrat , Islam Safiqul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Differential Evolution (DE) stands out as a prominent algorithm for addressing global optimization challenges. The efficacy of DE hinges crucially upon its mutation operation, which serves as a pivotal mechanism in generating diverse and high-quality solutions. This paper explores various mutation operations aimed at augmenting the performance of DE in global optimization tasks. A distinct mutation strategy is introduced, with the primary objective of achieving a harmonious equilibrium between exploration and exploitation to enhance both convergence speed and solution quality. The proposed DE centres on a novel mutation-based strategy, introducing a new coefficient factor (”σ”) in conjunction with the base vector of the basic mutation strategy (”DE/rand/1”). This innovation aims to fortify the convergence of local variables during exploitation, thereby improving both the convergence rate and quality. The effectiveness of the proposed mutation operations is evaluated across a set of 27 benchmark functions commonly employed in global optimization. Experimental results conclusively demonstrate that these enhanced mutation strategies significantly outperform state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of solution accuracy and convergence speed. This study underscores the critical role of mutation operations in DE and provides valuable insights for designing more potent mutation strategies to tackle complex global optimization problems.
On data storage and searching in persistent object-oriented models in C++
Authors: Kozynchenko Alexander , Kozynchenko Sergey 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Persistent object-oriented models play an important role in the research and development of complex systems in scientific fields, engineering, real-time applications, etc. These models are usually characterized by highly structured and interrelated data, require data storage, and deep navigational access. In the paper, some approaches and programming features in C + + are considered to address the arising issues. A model object is proposed to be divided into two parts. A part placed in RAM contains both own and referential object identifiers (IDs). A part with the bulk of data remains on a disk, thus reducing memory usage. Such a part is stored in a separate file with the unique file name that includes the object ID. These file names provide quick searches for short queries. A deeper search is performed by native queries in C + + using a set of complex query patterns, and does not require reading an entire object. This ensures high speed of query processing regardless of the amount of data stored. Modelling and simulation of a student registration system in C + + are performed, and results are presented and discussed.
Analysing the impact of Globalisation in Higher Education on Economic Growth: A comparative analysis of Developed and Developing Countries
Authors: Chaudhary Naina , Kler Rajneesh , Priyanshu Deepa , Mouqdadi Mahera , Mishra Sanjay , Ather Danish 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study carries out analysis of higher education sector, in which globalization and economic growth are considered, taking both developing and developed nations as the main comparison object. Dynamics in higher education sector have been altered persistently by the recent pandemic, which has sharply confined students' mobility globally and on the other hand has stimulated the development of different options, which consists of massive open online courses (MOOCs), program mobility, and institutional mobility. In this paper we will try to evaluate effects of such modifications on the economic development of several developing and developed countries. To this end, the existence of a cross-sectional panel data set featured by 30 participating countries taking the period from 2010 to 2022 allows us to explore the centrality of inbound and outbound mobility rates measuring the level of globalization with respect to higher education. Data analysis is conducted by the study using feasible generalized least squares regression model, which is applicable to Cross-section time series data. This minimizes potential problems like heteroskedasticity, autocorrelation, and independence of cross-sectional data. Our findings indicate that the existence of globalization in higher education is a root of the complex impact on economic growth. The research underline the dichotomy of developed and developing countries, which implied the differentiation in economic advantages. While everybody expected that globalization in higher education would help the disadvantageous countries, recent research argued that globalization in high education sector rather benefits to the developed countries. The outcomes of the study indeed highlight that the connection between higher education and economic advancement takes an important place within the roles that higher education play in globalization. Moreover, the policy makers and educational institutions will have a chance of getting the findings at their disposal.
Applicability of Gravity Separation Method on the Ashashire Gold Ore Deposit from Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Kabeta Misganu , Sisay Mulugeta , Gebreyohannes Goitom 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the applicability of gravity separation method on the Ashashire gold ore deposit Benishangul gumuz region, western Ethiopia. The Ashashire composite were produced to provide sufficient mass for this study and experiment includes sample preparation, mineralogical analysis of gold and associated element, gravity concentration, and data interpretation and analyzing. During the study, a grind optimization was conducted on the composites sample with varying grind size to evaluate the effect of grind size on gold recovery. The ore was moderately ground to the standard grind size of 80% - passing 106µm, 75µm, 53µm and this nominal size was selected for the preliminary assessment for concentration optimization for this deposit. The gravity testing comprised three-stage concentration using knelson concentrator. High recovery of gold from the gravity concentrates was achieved from the second gravity concentration. Based on the laboratory experimental result analysis, a grind size of P80 75µm is selected as optimal size for the Ashashire gold deposit. Increasing the grind size from P80 of 75µm to106µm decrease recovery rate from 75 % to 54 % or decreasing the grind size from P80 of 75µm to 53µm decrease gold recovery rate to 37%. The native gold grain in the ores is mostly associated with quartz and fine gold is closely associated with pyrite. According to analysis of the fire assay, chemical, and mineralogical data, only gold and telluride is commercially valuable elements in the ores. Predominantly gold was occurs in the native form of Au-Te. The sample subjected to gravity separation assayed about 2.6 g/t Au.
Ice formation and its elimination in cryopreservation of oocytes
Authors: Abdelhady Abdallah , Mittan-Moreau David , Crane Patrick , McLeod Matthew J. , Cheong Soon Hon , Thorne Robert E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Damage from ice and toxicity of ice-inhibiting cryoprotective agents (CPAs) are key issues in assisted reproduction of humans, domestic animals, and endangered species using cryopreserved oocytes and embryos. Ice formed in bovine oocytes (similar in size to oocytes of humans and most other mammals) after rapid cooling and during rapid warming were examined using synchrotron-based time-resolved x-ray diffraction. Using cooling rates, warming rates and CPA concentrations of current practice, oocytes show no ice after cooling but always develop large ice fractions — consistent with crystallization of most free water — during warming, so most ice-related damage must occur during warming. Increasing cooling rates allows oocytes soaked as in current practice to remain essentially ice free during both cooling and warming. Much larger convective warming rates are demonstrated and will allow routine ice-free cryopreservation with smaller CPA concentrations. These results clarify the roles of cooling, warming, and CPA concentration in generating ice in oocytes and establish the structure and grain size of ice formed. Ice formation can be eliminated as a factor affecting post-thaw oocyte viability and development in many species, improving outcomes and allowing other deleterious effects of the cryopreservation cycle to be independently studied.
CoNFiLD: Conditional Neural Field Latent Diffusion Model Generating Spatiotemporal Turbulence
Authors: Wang Jian-Xun , Du Pan , Parikh Meet , Fan Xiantao , Liu Xin-Yang 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

This study introduces the Conditional Neural Field Latent Diffusion (CoNFiLD) model, a novel generative learning framework designed for rapid simulation of intricate spatiotemporal dynamics in chaotic and turbulent systems within three-dimensional irregular domains. Traditional eddy-resolved numerical simulations, despite offering detailed flow predictions, encounter significant limitations due to their extensive computational demands, restricting their applications in broader engineering contexts. In contrast, deep learning-based surrogate models promise efficient, data-driven solutions. However, their effectiveness is often compromised by a reliance on deterministic frameworks, which fall short in accurately capturing the chaotic and stochastic nature of turbulence. The CoNFiLD model addresses these challenges by synergistically integrating conditional neural field encoding with latent diffusion processes, enabling the memory-efficient and robust probabilistic generation of spatiotemporal turbulence under varied conditions. Leveraging Bayesian conditional sampling, the model can seamlessly adapt to a diverse range of turbulence generation scenarios without the necessity for retraining, covering applications from zero-shot full-field flow reconstruction using sparse sensor measurements to super-resolution generation and spatiotemporal flow data restoration. Comprehensive numerical experiments across a variety of inhomogeneous, anisotropic turbulent flows with irregular geometries have been conducted to evaluate the model's versatility and efficacy, showcasing its transformative potential in the domain of turbulence generation and the broader modeling of spatiotemporal dynamics.
Recent ice melt above a mantle plume track is accelerating the uplift of southeast Greenland
Authors: Weerdesteijn Maaike , Conrad Clinton 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Around the periphery of the Greenland ice sheet, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stations record uplift, reflecting Earth’s response to past and recent unloading of ice mass. On the southeast coast, near the Kangerlussuaq glacier, GNSS stations show abnormally rapid ground uplift exceeding 12 mm/yr. Current earth deformation models, which employ a layered Earth structure, cannot explain this rapid uplift. We find that 3D models that incorporate a “track” of weakened earth structure, consistent with the passage of Greenland over the Iceland plume, can explain the rapid uplift of southeast Greenland. This uplift is dominated by a viscous response that is accelerated by the low viscosities of the hot plume track. Recent mass loss, occurring during the last millennium and especially within the past few decades, drives most of the uplift. By contrast, uplift due to more ancient deglaciation was exhausted soon after the last ice age, and thus does not contribute significantly today. This rapid viscous response, occurring above regions of weakened mantle, is not usually considered in glacial isostatic adjustment models, but it can affect ice-ocean interactions, and thus retreat rates, of marine terminating glaciers. Such regions will become increasingly important in the near future as deglaciation accelerates.
Geotechnical experimental study about the influence of RHA and SBA agricultural wastes on the engineering improvement of black cotton soils and cost-effectiveness: A case of railway performances in Shire Valley, Malawi
Authors: Nangulama Horris K. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Black cotton soil (BCS) improvement to provide stable railway structure foundations is one of the priorities of the Malawi country. BCS has initiated instability to railway structures in the Shire Valley, minimising their lifespan and leaving them non-operation. This necessitated the use of appropriate stabilization methods for the BCS. Several studies have been carried out to stabilise this soil. However, most of the studies adopt conventional admixtures such as lime and cement, which are someway expensive. This study aims to investigate the appropriateness of additives of the RHA and SBA agricultural waste materials for stabilizing BCS, in terms of the dry weight, UCS and CBR of the soils. The BCS was treated with RHA and SBA additives in percentages of 0, 4, 8, 12 and 16. The obtained laboratory experimental results showed that the additives of the RHA and SBA significantly improved the dry densities, compressive strength and penetration properties of the BCS. The study determined that up to 16% of both RHA and SBA can be used to stabilize the BCS for satisfactory engineering performance of railway structures in the Shire Valley. Moreover, the cost effectiveness of railway structures on the treated BCS with the RHA and SBA additives was analysed. The BCS stabilisation with the RHA and SBA was validated, and this research work gives a significant and practical reference on similar studies.