bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comprehensive assessment of wind energy potential and wind farm design in a coastal industrial city
Authors: AlQahtani Ali M. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Jubail Industrial City is one of the largest industrial centers in the Middle East, offering potential opportunities for renewable energy generation. This research paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the wind resources in Jubail Industrial City and proposes the design of a smart grid-connected wind farm for this strategic location.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used wind data collected at three different heights above ground level – 10, 50 and 90 m – over four years from 2017 to 2020. Key parameters, such as average wind speeds (WS), predominant wind direction, Weibull shape, scale parameters and wind power density (WPD), were analyzed. The study used Windographer, an exclusive software program designed to evaluate wind resources.

Findings
The average WS at the respective heights were 3.07, 4.29 and 4.58 m/s. The predominant wind direction was from the north-west. The Weibull shape parameter (k) at the three heights was 1.77, 2.15 and 2.01, while the scale parameter (c) was 3.36, 4.88 and 5.33 m/s. The WPD values at different heights were 17.9, 48.8 and 59.3 W/m2, respectively.

Originality/value
The findings suggest that Jubail Industrial City possesses favorable wind resources for wind energy generation. The proposed smart grid-connected wind farm design demonstrates the feasibility of harnessing wind power in the region, contributing to sustainable energy production and economic benefits.
A spontaneous hyperglycaemic cynomolgus monkey presents cognitive deficits, neurological dysfunction and cataract
Authors: Huang Hongdi , Pu Jianglin , Zhou Yufang , Fan Yang , Zhang Yali , Li Yanling , Chen Yangzhuo , Wang Yun , Yu Xiaomei , Dmitry Bulgin , Zhou Zhu , Wang Jianhong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractChronic hyperglycaemia is a chief feature of diabetes mellitus and complicates with many systematic anomalies. Non‐human primates (NHPs) are excellent for studying hyperglycaemia or diabetes and associated comorbidities, but lack behavioural observation. In the study, behavioural, brain imaging and histological analysis were performed in a case of spontaneously hyperglycaemic (HGM) Macaca fascicularis. The results were shown that the HGM monkey had persistent body weight loss, long‐term hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, but normal concentrations of insulin, C‐peptide, insulin autoantibody, islet cell antibody and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody. Importantly, an impaired working memory in a delayed response task and neurological dysfunctions were found in the HGM monkey. The tendency for atrophy in hippocampus was observed by magnetic resonance imaging. Lenticular opacification, lens fibres disruptions and vacuole formation also occurred to the HGM monkey. The data suggested that the spontaneous HGM monkey might present diabetes‐like characteristics and associated neurobehavioral anomalies in this case. This study first reported cognitive deficits in a spontaneous hyperglycaemia NHPs, which might provide evidence to use macaque as a promising model for translational research in diabetes and neurological complications.
Supporting equitable care of patients transferred from police watch‐houses to the emergency department: A qualitative study of the perspectives of emergency doctors
Authors: Brandenburg Caitlin , Thomas Stuart DM , Lincoln Cathy , Somerville Annabel , Heffernan Ed , Kinner Stuart A , Byrnes Joshua , Gardiner Paul , Davidson Peter , Daley Nathan , Green David , Crilly Julia 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectivePeople detained in short‐term police custody often have complex health conditions that may necessitate emergency care, yet little is known about their management in EDs. The present study aimed to understand ED doctors' experiences and perceptions regarding the appropriateness and management of detainee transfers from police watch‐houses to the EDs.MethodsA qualitative descriptive study, using semi‐structured interviews undertaken with ED doctors working in five purposively sampled EDs across Queensland, Australia. Data were analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsFifteen ED specialists and trainees participated. Participants reported that their overarching approach was to provide equitable care for watch‐house detainees, as they would for any patient. This equitable approach needed to be responsive to complicating factors common to this population, including presence of police guards; restraints; complexity (physical/mental/social) of presentation; reliance on police to transport; ED doctors' often limited understanding of the watch‐house environment; justice processes and uncertain legal disposition; communication with the watch‐house; and detainees misreporting symptoms. Thresholds for assessment and treatment of detainees were contextualised to the needs of the patient, ED environment, and imperatives of other relevant agencies (e.g. police). Participants often relied on existing strategies to deliver quality care despite challenges, but also identified a need for additional strategies, including education for ED staff; improved communication with watch‐houses; standardised paperwork; extended models of watch‐house healthcare; and integrated medical records.ConclusionsProviding equitable healthcare to patients transported from watch‐houses to the EDs is challenging but essential. Numerous opportunities exist to enhance the delivery of optimal care for this underserved population.
Childhood obesity in the ED: A prospective Australian study
Authors: Marsh Rachel , Gill Stephen , Lowry Nicole , Hayden Georgina , Ryan Matthew , Gwini Stella‐May , Allender Steven , Stella Julian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo determine (i) the prevalence of overweight and obesity among children presenting to all EDs in a large regional Australian city and (ii) whether age, sex, socioeconomic status (SES) or hospital setting (public vs private) were associated with overweight and obesity.MethodsThis prospective observational study included children aged ≥2 and <18 years who presented to any of three EDs over an 18 month period who had their height and weight measured. Age, sex and residential postcode were collected. Weight category was determined by sex and age standardised body mass index (BMI) z‐score. Weight category was assessed by sex, age, SES and hospital setting with chi‐squared tests, and ordinal logistic regression with cluster sandwich error estimators. Results were reported using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsData were collected for 3827 children, of which 11.6% were obese and 19.8% overweight. The prevalence of obesity was highest in those aged 8–14 years and in those from lower SES postcodes. The likelihood of obesity was higher in the public than the private hospitals (OR 0.66, 95% CI 0.51–0.86), whereas the likelihood of overweight was similar (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.83–1.22).ConclusionsAlmost one‐third of children who presented to EDs were overweight or obese. Obesity was particularly high in those aged 8–14 years and those from lower SES postcodes. In the evolving obesity crisis, the high proportion of children presenting to EDs above a healthy weight might represent an opportunity for EDs to identify and refer children for body weight and lifestyle management.
Massive peritoneal inclusion cyst with secondary abscessation
Authors: Pappas Christian P. , Xu Zhengchao , Hicks Gabrielle , Sarofim Mina , Wijayawardana Ruwanthi , Morris David L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPeritoneal inclusion cysts are rare intra‐abdominal cystic lesions of controversial pathogenesis and nomenclature. Postulated to be of neoplastic or reactive origin, they are characterised by progressive expansion and variable symptomatology in classically reproductive‐aged females. Local recurrence is frequent while malignant transformation is plausible. Herein, we review a presentation of a massive peritoneal inclusion cyst with secondary abscessation and septic shock in a 58‐year‐old female, reviewing the available literature to highlight the potential acuity of this pathology, the standard of surgical care, and the need for caution by treating surgeons in its evaluation as an entirely benign process.
Modest effect of differential dietary vitamin A intake on the pathogenesis of alcohol‐associated liver disease
Authors: Ferdouse Afroza , Clugston Robin D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundChronic alcohol consumption is a major public health issue. The primary organ damaged by alcohol abuse is the liver, leading to alcohol‐associated liver disease (ALD). ALD begins with hepatic steatosis and can progress to fibrosis and cirrhosis; however, we have an incomplete understanding of ALD pathogenesis. Interestingly, the liver is also the major organ for vitamin A metabolism and storage, and ALD has previously been linked with altered hepatic vitamin A homeostasis. We hypothesize that alcohol‐induced vitamin A depletion disrupts its normal function in the liver, contributing to the pathogenesis of ALD. To test this hypothesis, we postulated that adding copious vitamin A to the diet might alleviate ALD, and conversely, that a vitamin A deficient diet would worsen ALD.MethodsWe conducted two dietary intervention studies in mice comparing deficient (0 IU/g diet) and copious (25 IU/g diet) dietary vitamin A intake versus control (4 IU/g diet), using the NIAAA chronic‐binge model of ALD. Hepatic steatosis was assessed using histopathological and biochemical approaches. Tissue Vitamin A levels were measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Markers of ALD, hepatic inflammation and lipid metabolism were analyzed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting.ResultsAs expected, a 0 IU/g Vitamin A diet decreased, and a 25 IU/g Vitamin A diet increased hepatic Vitamin A stores. However, alcohol induced changes in hepatic triglyceride levels, markers of hepatic lipid metabolism, inflammation and fibrosis were not significantly different in mice consuming a copious or deficient vitamin A diet compared to control.ConclusionsAltered vitamin A intake and hepatic vitamin A storage have a minor effect on the pathogenesis of ALD. Thus, given the known link between altered retinoic acid signaling and ALD, future studies that further explore this linkage are warranted.
Letter: Shorter duration of intravenous terlipressin for variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhosis—A promising find
Authors: Nedumannil Leya , Mohamedrashed Mustafa , Sood Siddharth , Lewis Diana 
Published: April 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Vaishnav et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17868 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17982
Meta‐analysis: Persistence of advanced therapies in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Yiu Tsz Hong , Ko Yanna , Pudipeddi Aviv , Natale Patrizia , Leong Rupert W. 
Published: April 2024

SummaryBackgroundThe expanding options in advanced therapies for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) present challenges in treatment selection. Persistence analysis assesses drug durability in real‐world settings, acting as a surrogate marker for medication efficacy and tolerance. Unlike traditional comparative studies, persistence analysis provides insights extending beyond the initial year of treatment.AimTo provide real‐world evidence on treatment effectiveness, tolerability and preferences of physicians and patients regarding various advanced therapies for IBD.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of observational studies up to March 2023 assessing advanced therapies' persistence in UC and CD. Advanced therapies under examination included infliximab, adalimumab, vedolizumab, ustekinumab, golimumab, certolizumab and tofacitinib. We pooled the persistence of each agent and conducted a meta‐analysis to compare the persistence of newer agents with traditional TNF inhibitors (TNFi)—specifically infliximab and adalimumab.ResultsAmong 63 observational studies, vedolizumab had the highest 1‐year persistence in UC (73.8%, 95% CI: 70.0%–77.6%) and ustekinumab in CD (77.5%, 95% CI: 72.9%–82.1%). Compared to TNFi, vedolizumab demonstrated increased persistence with a relative risk (RR) of 1.30 (95% CI: 1.19–1.41) for UC and 1.14 (95% CI: 1.09–1.20) for CD at 1 year, while ustekinumab demonstrated a RR of 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07–1.23) for CD at 1 year. Vedolizumab exhibited sustained increased persistence in UC over 2 years compared to TNFi (RR: 1.33, 95% CI 1.14–1.54).ConclusionThis meta‐analysis highlights the superior persistence of ustekinumab and vedolizumab over TNFi, and offers valuable insights for clinicians navigating the challenging landscape of UC and CD therapeutic choices.
Adaptive use of error‐prone DNA polymerases provides flexibility in genome replication during tumorigenesis
Authors: Bainbridge Lewis J. , Daigaku Yasukazu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractHuman cells possess many different polymerase enzymes, which collaborate in conducting DNA replication and genome maintenance to ensure faithful duplication of genetic material. Each polymerase performs a specialized role, together providing a balance of accuracy and flexibility to the replication process. Perturbed replication increases the requirement for flexibility to ensure duplication of the entire genome. Flexibility is provided via the use of error‐prone polymerases, which maintain the progression of challenged DNA replication at the expense of mutagenesis, an enabling characteristic of cancer. This review describes our recent understanding of mechanisms that alter the usage of polymerases during tumorigenesis and examines the implications of this for cell survival and tumor progression. Although expression levels of polymerases are often misregulated in cancers, this does not necessarily alter polymerase usage since an additional regulatory step may govern the use of these enzymes. We therefore also examine how the regulatory mechanisms of DNA polymerases, such as Rad18‐mediated PCNA ubiquitylation, may impact the functionalization of error‐prone polymerases to tolerate oncogene‐induced replication stress. Crucially, it is becoming increasingly evident that cancer cells utilize error‐prone polymerases to sustain ongoing replication in response to oncogenic mutations which inactivate key DNA replication and repair pathways, such as BRCA deficiency. This accelerates mutagenesis and confers chemoresistance, but also presents a dependency that can potentially be exploited by therapeutics.
The wash zone and habitat use among three benthic fish species in stratified lakes
Authors: Ridgway Mark S. , Bell Allan H. , Middel Trevor A. , Wells Mathew G. , Taylor Courtney E. , Mitchell Krystal , Lacombe Nick A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMixing processes in lakes are important in determining sedimentation zones and in setting the so‐called “wash zone”, the area of lake bottom in contact with an oscillating thermocline during wind‐driven internal seiche events. The wash zone also aligns with a sharp change in sediment roughness and hardness. Taken together, these rapid changes in temperature and sediment indicate that the wash zone is a distinctive ecotone in stratified lakes. Depth stratified randomised netting was used to develop count‐based habitat use models for three common benthic fish species as a function of depth or temperature covariates. Using data from two lakes with quite different wash zone depths, we show the wash zone to describe fish habitat for two of three benthic fish species by utilising the top 50% of estimated fish abundance as an indicator of habitat use. White sucker (Catostomus commersoni) habitat use was within the boundaries of the wash zone. Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) habitat was adjacent and within the wash zone. Longnose sucker (C. catostomus) habitat use was in the deep areas of lakes dominated by sediment focusing and did not overlap white sucker. Lake whitefish habitat use overlapped both catostomids, but peak abundance of both lake whitefish and white sucker overlapped pointing to potential interactions between these species. Smaller lakes have less vigorous mixing processes and a narrower wash zone, so with a decline in lake size the likely area of the wash zone as habitat for benthic feeding fish would become smaller.
Narcissus reflected: Grey and white matter features joint contribution to the default mode network in predicting narcissistic personality traits
Authors: Jornkokgoud Khanitin , Baggio Teresa , Bakiaj Richard , Wongupparaj Peera , Job Remo , Grecucci Alessandro 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite the clinical significance of narcissistic personality, its neural bases have not been clarified yet, primarily because of methodological limitations of the previous studies, such as the low sample size, the use of univariate techniques and the focus on only one brain modality. In this study, we employed for the first time a combination of unsupervised and supervised machine learning methods, to identify the joint contributions of grey matter (GM) and white matter (WM) to narcissistic personality traits (NPT). After preprocessing, the brain scans of 135 participants were decomposed into eight independent networks of covarying GM and WM via parallel ICA. Subsequently, stepwise regression and Random Forest were used to predict NPT. We hypothesized that a fronto‐temporo parietal network, mainly related to the default mode network, may be involved in NPT and associated WM regions. Results demonstrated a distributed network that included GM alterations in fronto‐temporal regions, the insula and the cingulate cortex, along with WM alterations in cerebellar and thalamic regions. To assess the specificity of our findings, we also examined whether the brain network predicting narcissism could also predict other personality traits (i.e., histrionic, paranoid and avoidant personalities). Notably, this network did not predict such personality traits. Additionally, a supervised machine learning model (Random Forest) was used to extract a predictive model for generalization to new cases. Results confirmed that the same network could predict new cases. These findings hold promise for advancing our understanding of personality traits and potentially uncovering brain biomarkers associated with narcissism.
Change of voltage‐gated sodium channel repertoire in skeletal muscle of a MuSK myasthenia gravis mouse model
Authors: Butenko Olena , Jensen Stine Marie , Fillié‐Grijpma Yvonne E. , Verpalen Robyn , Verschuuren Jan J. , van der Maarel Silvère M. , Huijbers Maartje G. , Plomp Jaap J. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMuscle‐specific kinase myasthenia gravis (MuSK MG) is caused by autoantibodies against MuSK in the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). MuSK MG patients have fluctuating, fatigable skeletal muscle weakness, in particular of bulbar muscles. Severity differs greatly between patients, in spite of comparable autoantibody levels. One explanation for inter‐patient and inter‐muscle variability in sensitivity might be variations in compensatory muscle responses. Previously, we developed a passive transfer mouse model for MuSK MG. In preliminary ex vivo experiments, we observed that muscle contraction of some mice, in particular those with milder myasthenia, had become partially insensitive to inhibition by μ‐Conotoxin‐GIIIB, a blocker of skeletal muscle NaV1.4 voltage‐gated sodium channels. We hypothesised that changes in NaV channel expression profile, possibly co‐expression of (μ‐Conotoxin‐GIIIB insensitive) NaV1.5 type channels, might lower the muscle fibre's firing threshold and facilitate neuromuscular synaptic transmission. To test this hypothesis, we here performed passive transfer in immuno‐compromised mice, using ‘high’, ‘intermediate’ and ‘low’ dosing regimens of purified MuSK MG patient IgG4. We compared myasthenia levels, μ‐Conotoxin‐GIIIB resistance and muscle fibre action potential characteristics and firing thresholds. High‐ and intermediate‐dosed mice showed clear, progressive myasthenia, not seen in low‐dosed animals. However, diaphragm NMJ electrophysiology demonstrated almost equal myasthenic severities amongst all regimens. Nonetheless, low‐dosed mouse diaphragms showed a much higher degree of μ‐Conotoxin‐GIIIB resistance. This was not explained by upregulation of Scn5a (the NaV1.5 gene), lowered muscle fibre firing thresholds or histologically detectable upregulated NaV1.5 channels. It remains to be established which factors are responsible for the observed μ‐Conotoxin‐GIIIB insensitivity and whether the NaV repertoire change is compensatory beneficial or a bystander effect.
Institutional voids and new venture performance: The moderating role of founders' political ties
Authors: Tantawy Ahmed Adel , Amankwah‐Amoah Joseph , Puthusserry Pushyarag 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBuilding on the institutional voids (IVs) and resource‐dependence perspectives, this study examines the moderating impact of new business founders' political ties on the relationship between IVs and new venture performance (NVP). We developed and tested a unique model using data obtained from 309 new ventures in the MENA region, specifically Egypt. The results demonstrate that founders' political ties enhance firms' complementary assets and mitigate the negative effects of IVs on NVP in developing markets. The theoretical and practical implications concerning NVP in a developing market environment are examined.
A MODEL OF GROSS CAPITAL FLOWS: RISK SHARING AND FINANCIAL FRICTIONS
Authors: Lee Hyunju 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis article builds a two‐country model of gross capital flows where agents share tradable output risk using two bonds, subject to stochastic collateral constraints. Equilibrium portfolios are short in domestic bonds and long in foreign bonds because the endogenous movements of the real exchange rate provide a hedge against domestic output shocks. Under negative domestic shocks, these external positions transfer wealth from home to abroad. During the Great Recession, the model shows that such wealth transfer from the United States mitigated the consumption drop abroad. Quantitatively, financial frictions account for about half of the collapse in U.S. gross flows in 2008.
Factors associated with prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear in patients with reflux oesophagitis
Authors: Kitasako Yuichi , Momma Eri , Tanabe Tomohide , Koeda Mai , Hoshikawa Yoshimasa , Hoshino Shintaro , Kawami Noriyuki , Ikeda Masaomi , Iwakiri Katsuhiko 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundExtrinsic factors for erosive tooth wear (ETW) have been widely reported, but the intrinsic factors for wear remain unclear.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of ETW in patients with reflux oesophagitis (RO). To prevent severe ETW with RO, factors associated with severity of ETW were also evaluated.MethodsA total of 270 patients with RO were recruited. A modified tooth wear index was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ETW. Salivary secretion and buffering capacity were assessed prior to endoscopy. Subjects were asked to complete a medical condition and oral self‐care questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify factors collectively associated with the prevalence and severity of ETW.ResultsA total of 212 cases were categorized as patients with ETW (148 with mild ETW and 64 with severe ETW). Multivariate analyses indicated that saliva secretion, severity of RO and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) resistance were associated with the prevalence of ETW, whereas age, BMI and severity of RO were associated with the severity of ETW. The odds ratio of saliva secretion and BMI were less than 1, meaning that higher saliva secretion resulted in a lower prevalence of ETW and lower BMI was associated with severe ETW.ConclusionSaliva secretion, severity of RO and PPI resistance were associated with the prevalence of ETW, whereas age, BMI and severity of RO were associated with the severity of ETW. Lower saliva secretion and BMI were significant factors for ETW.