bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Pasture Type and Management Practice Upon Subsequent Barley Yield1
Authors: Cooper Clee S. , Eslick R. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisBarley yield increases following pasture were in all cases a reflection of the percentage legume previously present or of residual N from previous fertilization. Grazing management affected barley yield indirectly through its effect on legume composition. Yields were greater following legumes grown in pure stand than following pure stands of grass or grass‐legume mixtures fertilized with high levels of N.
Influence of Soil Temperature on Transpiration Under Various Environmental Conditions1
Authors: Tew R. K. , Taylor S. A. , Ashcroft G. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSoil temperature had a significant influence on transpiration. In growth chambers, variations in air temperature and relative humidity had little influence on transpiration when the soil temperature was low. Under the experimental conditions, low soil temperature was a major factor in controlling transpiration rates.
Agricultural Science and the High School Science Program1
Authors: Dawson M. D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSoil and crop scientists have a great opportunity of working with high school science teachers and students through various programs especially those sponsored by NSF funds. Current changes which are being invoked in both high school science courses and agricultural schools suggest considerable effort should be made by soil and crop scientists to associate themselves more closely with high school science teachers and students.
Selection of Competitive Strains of Soybean Nodulating Bacteria1
Authors: Johnson Herbert W. , Means Ura Mae 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCompetitive relationships of six strains of Rhizobium japonicum with chlorosis‐inducing strain 76 identified under essentially sterile conditions in greenhouse tests were confirmed in the more complex environment of a field soil containing few soybean nodulating bacteria. Thirteen of 299 strains evaluated for competitiveness had a competitive advantage over strain 76 in greenhouse tests. Six strains ranked for competitiveness with strain 76 had similar ranks when evaluated in all combinations with each other.
Importance of Stored Soil Moisture to the Growth of Corn in the Dry to Moist Subhumid Climatic Zone1
Authors: Holt R. F. , Timmons D. R. , Voorhees W. B. , Van Doren C. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSoil moisture recharge data, moisture use patterns, and soil moisture‐corn yield relationships point to the critical dependence of corn on stored soil moisture in western Minnesota and eastern South Dakota. Significant correlations between stored soil moisture and yield of corn were found. Above‐average rainfall during the critical growth period minimized the effect of stored soil moisture. These results emphasize the need for moisture conservation in the 19‐ to 26‐inch rainfall area of the North Central States.
Influence of Advective Energy on Transpiration1
Authors: Abdel‐Aziz M. H. , Taylor S. A. , Ashcroft G. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe Penman formula and several modifications thereof were tested under semi‐arid conditions. Neither the Penman formula nor any of the modifications adequately accounted for advective energy. Their deficiencies were particularly noticeable when high winds brought in energy during the night while other sources were supplying little or no heat.
Salinity Effects on the Growth of Corn at Different Stages of Development1
Authors: Kaddah Malek T. , Ghowail Salma I. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisTolerance of corn grown in field plots to salt was shown to be moderate and to increase with stage of development. Chlorides of Na, Ca, and Mg and sulfates of Na and Mg induced differential growth responses to corn seedlings. Contents of Ca, Mg, K, Na, and Cl in the seedling tops depended on kind and concentration of added salts, whereas total cations and N and P contents were little affected under the various treatments.
Effect of Various Fertilizers on Turfgrass Yield, Color, and Composition1
Authors: Waddington D. V. , Troll J. , Hawes D. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThree fish by‐product fertilizers used for turfgrass fertilization gave results comparable to fertilizers having other natural or synthetic organic nitrogen sources. Yield, visual color rating, chlorophyll content, and percent N in leaf tissue were satisfactory criteria for evaluating the turfgrass area under fertilizer treatments.
Photosynthesis Under Field Conditions. VI. Solar Radiation Balance and Photosynthetic Efficiency1
Authors: Yocum C. S. , Allen L. H. , Lemon E. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisA spectrophotometer with a sensitive range lying between 0.3 and 1.0 μ and its calibration and use are described. The spectrophotometer was used to measure the spectral characteristics of 0.3‐ to 10‐μ radiation penetrating a dense stand of corn 300 cm. high (26,000 plants/acre, 29‐inch rows, LA1 = 4.3) planted in north‐south oriented rows. Transmission was quite low for the visible range, but was 30 to 40% from 0.75 to 0.9 μ. Efficiency of photosynthesis was 0.42 times the yield obtained from laboratory‐grown Chlorella.
Yield Components and Composition of Soybeans as Affected by Mechanical, Cultural, and Chemical Weed Control Practices1
Authors: Burnside O. C. , Colville W. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSoybean yields were positively correlated (0.01) with plant height at maturity, lodging, weight of 100 seeds, seed‐bearing nodes, number of pods, and number of seeds per plant, and negatively correlated (0.01) with weed yields, height of lowest pod, bushel weights, and oil percentage of seed. Weed control treatments of tillage, row spacing, and amiben had a marked effect on the characters affecting soybean yields.
Effect of Chemical and Mechanical Weed Control in Spring‐Seeded Legumes on Establishment of Interseeded Grasses1
Authors: Mazzoni L. E. , Scholl J. M. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisYields of legumes were higher following the application of the combination of dalapon and 4‐(2,4‐DB). Bromegrass establishment was superior to orchardgrass in both legumes and at all planting dates. Earliest seedings produced best results. Birdsfoot trefoil was severely injured by late summer mowing when grass seedings were made.
Water Requirement of Grain Crops as Modified by Fertilizer Use1
Authors: Olson R. A. , Thompson C. A. , Grabouski P. H. , Stukenholtz D. D. , Frank K. D. , Dreier A. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisWater use efficiency of grain crops in Nebraska was increased an average 29% by optimum fertilizer treatment. This enhancement was especially associated with yield increase, and was accompanied by an approximate extra inch of water consumption by the crop. Corn and sorghum evidenced a greater capability for extracting deep subsoil moisture than small grains.
Fertilizer‐Seed Placement with Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)1
Authors: Duell Robert W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPrecision placement of seed and fertilizers was conducted on soils of low fertility. Alfalfa was superior to birdsfoot trefoil in germination, seedling emergence, height, and weight. Alfalfa seedlings took up more posphorus, and birdsfoot trefoil took up more potassium. Both legumes showed reduced emergence when their seeds were close to concentrations of soluble fertilizers while soil moisture was low. Band seeding did not contribute to success in the establishment of birdsfoot trefoil to the degree that it did alfalfa.
Effects of Irrigation and Row Spacing on Grain Sorghum in the Piedmont1
Authors: Brown A. R. , Cobb Carlisle , Wood E. H. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisGrain sorghum hybrids grown in 20‐inch row spacings produced significantly more grain and forage than hybrids grown in 40‐inch row spacings in 2 out of 3 years over all irrigation levels. In the third year 20‐inch rows gave an increase over the 40‐inch rows only when irrigated after available soil moisture had dropped to 10% in the top 2 feet of soil.
Relationship of Soil Temperature, Water Soluble Phosphorus in Applied Fertilizer, and Method of Placement to Growth of Winter Wheat1
Authors: Gingrich Joe R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisTop growth total yield of P, and percentage of K in the tops were significantly lower while percentages of P and N were significantly higher in plants grown at 50° F. than in those grown at 60 or 70°. Applying phosphatic fertilizer in a zone, as compared to mixing it with the soil, increased top growth, P percentage in the tops, and total yield of P while it decreased the percentage of K in the tops. In general the amount of dry matter, percentage of P in tops, and total yield of P were increased as the percentage of water soluble P in the applied fertilizer was increased.
Soil Temperature Effects on Phosphorus Availability1
Authors: Power J. F. , Grunes D. L. , Reichman G. A. , Willis W. O. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIncubation temperatures above 59° F. reduced water‐ and NaHCO3‐soluble P concentrations in P fertilized soils, but had no effect over the 45 to 80° F. temperature range on P solubilities in non‐phosphated soils. Growth and P uptake by barley grown on similar cropped soils were closely associated with soluble P concentrations in the uncropped, incubated soils. At soil temperatures above 59° F., barley growth increased with increased NaHCO3‐soluble P concentrations, even at concentrations greatly exceeding 16 ppm.
Effects of Row Spacing and Fertilizer Treatment on Seed Yield and Related Traits of ‘Sterling’ Orchardgrass1
Authors: Carlson Irving T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisHigher seed yields were obtained from rows spaced 24 inches apart than from 9‐ or 36‐inch rows. Nitrogen fertilization increased seed yields each year. There was a response to phosphorus in the second and third years in 9‐ and 24‐inch rows. Early April applications of fertilizer gave better yields than early September applications on 24‐inch rows.
Water Relations of Soybean Leaf Hairs1
Authors: Woolley Joseph T. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSoybean leaf hairs slowed wind by 40% at a distance of 0.50 mm. from the leaf surface. When the hairs were liquid‐filled they contributed slightly to the cuticular transpiration of the leaf, but when the hairs were empty they decreased transpiration by 20%. The water permeability of the hair surface was 3 ✕ 10−7 cm sec.−1 bar−1.
Effects of an Evaporation Retardant, a Surfactant, and an Osmotic Agent on Foliar and Root Development of Kentucky Bluegrass1
Authors: Roberts Eliot C. , Lage David P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisAn evaluation of the effects of 3 types of solution‐modifying agents‐evaporation‐retardant, surfactant, and osmotic agent‐on the growth of Kentucky bluegrass in nutrient solutions was made. Variations in osmotic pressure and surface tension of nutrient solutions affected turfgrass production. Increasing osmotic pressure decreased growth of foliage and increased root development. Decreasing surface tension decreased growth of foliage. An evapo‐retardant added to nutrient solutions had little effect on either osmotic pressure or surface tension but increased yields of foliage.
Competition for Nodule Sites Between Strains of Rhizobium japonicum Applied as Inoculum and Strains in the Soil1
Authors: Johnson Herbert W. , Means Ura Mae , Weber C. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisStrains of Rhizobium japonicum applied as inoculum at different rates and by different methods differed greatly in the proportion of nodules produced on soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) grown in soils containing effective soybean rhizobia. The percentage of nodules produced by all strains applied at the standard rate of inoculation was low and averaged 5%. Increasing the amount of inoculum applied increased the percentage of nodules produced by some strains but had little effect on others.
Effect of Mulches on Microclimate and Turf Establishment1
Authors: Barkley D. G. , Blaser R. E. , Schmidt R. E. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisModeration of soil temperature and conservation of soil moisture by straw, wood cellulose fibers, and sawdust resulted in quicker turf establishment than no mulch or elastomeric emulsion treatment of summer seedings of Kentucky 31 fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, and Redtop. Irrigation improved all treatments, but was most beneficial to grasses mulched with straw, wood cellulose fibers, and sawdust.
The Growth and Yield of Corn. III. Soil Moisture and Temperature Effects1
Authors: Benoit G. R. , Hatfield A. L. , Ragland J. L. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisFinal yields decreased with late plantings independent of the soil moisture level. This phenomenon is shown to be associated with decreased temperatures during the ear‐formation stage for late‐planted corn. Yields of irrigated corn were higher in 1962 than 1963; however, the reverse was true for unirrigated corn yields. These response differences are related to soil moisture‐temperature interactions and their effect on plant moisture stress.
Effects of Bee Species and Isolation Distance on Possible Varietal Contamination in Alf1
Authors: Bradner N. R. , Frakes R. V. , Stephen W. P. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisA recessive marker gene for white flower was used to estimate the distance alfalfa pollinating insects would carry viable pollen. The amount of contaminate pollen disseminated by bees was a function of the bee species, distance, and season. The leaf‐cutter bee did not carry pollen away from the base plot as far as the honeybee did. Endemic pollinators carried viable pollen as far as one mile.
Induction of Male Sterility in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. Emend. Lam.) with Potassium Gibberellate and Other Plant Growth Regulators1
Authors: James N. I. , Lund S. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisPotassium gibberellate induced a usable degree of male sterility in nonvernalized Wong barley in the greenhouse. Under field conditions, induced male sterility in vernalized winter barley and spring barley was not great enough to be of practical interest in a crossing program.
Effect of Water Vapor Transmission Rates of Package Material and Storage Conditions on Seed Quality1
Authors: Ching T. M. , Abu‐Shakra S. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisWater vapor transmission rates of polyethylene material are inversely proportional to protective value for seed storage under tropical, temperate, and warehouse conditions in western Oregon. The rates could be used as single criterion for evaluating materials in packaging seed for safe storage.
Cotton Row Spacing as It Affects Soil Water Utilization and Yield1
Authors: Bruce R. R. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSoil water as measured between July 20 and August 6 was rather uniformly removed by cotton planted with a 40‐inch row interval. In a plant‐2‐skip‐1 row pattern, which may be described as an alternate 40‐ and 80‐inch row spacing, there was 1.5 to 2.2 inches more water in the skipped row position than in the row. The yield per unit length of row from cotton planted in rows having an alternate 40‐ and 80‐inch interval was very significantly higher than that having a uniform 40‐inch row interval.
Effect of Row Spacing, Seeding Rate, and Nitrogen Fertilization on Forage Yield and Quality of Gahi‐1 Pearl Millet1
Authors: Hart Richard H. , Burton Glenn W. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisGahi‐1 pearl millet planted in 24‐ or 36‐ inch rows produced more forage than millet planted in 7‐inch rows in a season of normal rainfall, less in a season with above‐normal spring rainfall, and the same in a very dry season. Forage yield, crude‐protein content, and Vitamin A content increased with increasing rates of nitrogen up to 400 pounds per acre. In 1963, crude protein was higher and crude fiber was lower in millet from wide rows. Neither nitrogen rate nor row spacing had any effect on dry‐matter digestibility.
Supplying Calcium and Magnesium for Cotton on Sandy, Low Cation Exchange Capacity Soils1
Authors: McCart G. D. , Kamprath E. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisResults indicated that it would be desirable to lime sandy, low‐CEC soils to a pH of 6.2–6.5 for optimum growth of cotton. The presence of soluble Al at pH levels of 5.5 and below appeared to be an important factor in reducing the growth of cotton. It was found that soil acidity had to first be reduced before cotton benefited from the presence of higher amounts of Ca in the soil. Additions of Mg SO4 at different pH levels did not increase growth of cotton.
Seasonal Response of Grasses Fertilized with Nitrogen Compared to a Legume‐Grass Mixture1
Authors: Schmidt D. R. , Tenpas G. H. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisOrchardgrass, fertilized with 500 pounds per acre of elemental nitrogen annually, produced the highest 2‐year average forage yields. Compared to the 500‐pound per acre rate, the application of 1000 pounds of elemental nitrogen generally reduced the yields of orchardgrass, timothy, and bromegrass. Grass‐legume mixture yields were higher with timothy than with bromegrass or orchardgrass. Interactions between grass species and treatments and differences between strains within species were significant.
Effect on Corn Yields of Moisture Stress and Stand at Two Fertility Levels1
Authors: Dale Robert F. , Shaw Robert H. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisThe number of days in the period from 6 weeks before to 3 weeks after silking on which corn was under no moisture stress (NSD) was highly associated with yield. Below 40 NSD there was little difference in yields at stand levels of 12,000 and 16,000. Above 40 NSD stand level was of major importance.
Effects of Moisture and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Growth and Water Use by Native Grass1
Authors: Smika D. E. , Haas H. J. , Power J. F. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisNative grass production and water‐use efficiency were increased by nitrogen ferilization and by greater available moisture supply. Water‐use efficiencies were greatest for the 0‐N and 80‐N treatments when available water supply was 15 and over 20 inches, respectively. Fertilization increased water use only where subsoil moisture reserves were high.
Quality Relationships of Sweet Corn for Processing1
Authors: Andrew R. H. , Weckel K. G. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisIn each of 4 years 14 sweet corn hybrids were harvested at 3 successive stages of maturity. Although quality was not related to yield, it was highly and negatively associated with deviations from 75, 76, 77 and 78% moisture at harvest. An average of 1.5% moisture was lost per day during the canning period with an average of 14.7 thermal units required for each percent of moisture loss. Moisture loss was more consistent when expressed by thermal units instead of calendar days as indicated by the respective coefficients of variability.
Zinc Concentration in Hop Leaves in Relation to Adequate and Inadequate Levels of Zinc Nutrition1
Authors: Boawn Louis 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisHealthy, high‐producing hop plants were found to have leaf zinc concentrations above 15 ppm at bloom stage. Leaves from plants with zinc deficiency symptoms generally had zinc concentrations below 12 ppm. The critical level for zinc is thus indicated to be between 12 and 15 ppm.
Cold Resistance of Potomac Orchardgrass as Related to Cutting Management, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Mineral Levels in the Plant Sap1
Authors: Howell John H. , Jung G. A. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCold resistance development and maintenance by orchardgrass, as measured by indirect methods, was affected to a limited extent by cutting management and levels of nitrogen fertilization. Orchardgrass cut in early bloom was generally more cold resistant than grass cut earlier. Significant negative correlations were obtained between the percentages of the total electrolyte content exosmosed from frozen stubble on 11 fall, winter, and spring sampling dates and the concentrations of potassium, sodium, and calcium in the plant sap.
Effect of Sunlight and Drying on the Inoculation of Legumes with Rhizobium Species1
Authors: Alexander C. W. , Chamblee D. S. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisSeed of alfalfa and birdsfoot trefoil which were inoculated with Rhizobium were subjected to 0, 1, 3, 5, and 16 hours of sunlight, and O, 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks of desiccation in a dry soil. Less effective inoculation resulted in some tests when the seed were subjected to 3 or more hours of sunlight or 2 or more weeks of desiccation in a dry soil.
Sod‐Seeding of Annual Forages into ‘Midland’ Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) Pastures. I. Species Evaluation1
Authors: Swain F. G. , Decker A. M. , Retzer H. J. 
Published: July 2010

SynopsisCereal rye and hairy vetch when sod‐sown into Midland bermudagrass provided a well integrated supply of forage in early spring prior to active Midland growth in summer. Rye produced the earliest spring yields and outyielded barley, field bromegrass, ryegrass, and wheat in that order. Vetch produced high mid and late spring yields. Rye and vetch yields were similar when planted on 3 dates between September 22 and October 14, but November 22 plantings resulted in lower yields. A rye‐vetch mixture outyielded either species alone by approximately 76%.
Nodulating and Nonnodulating Soybean Isolines: II. Response to Applied Nitrogen and Modified Soil Conditions1
Authors: Weber C. R. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractNodulating and nonnodulating soybean isolines field‐tested for 7 years produced essentially equal N yields when adequate combined N was available. The amount of N fixed symbiotically depended largely upon the availability of soil N, water, or both, and ranged from 1 to 142 pounds per acre, that is, 1 to 74% of the total N uptake, respectively. The amount of symbiotic N fixation decreased rapidly with increases in fertilizer N. Nodule weight, number, and size were directly related to increased N fixation and inversely related to increased increments of applied N. The correlation of symbiotic N fixation with nodule mass was r = 0.9. Except for a severe moisture stress, the nonnodulating line responded linearly to applied N, with 3.2 pounds of fertilizer N equivalent to 1 pound of plant N. Short‐term rotation studies indicated that, when no fertilizer N was used, the residual effect of a nodulated soybean crop in the previous year was 33 pounds of N per acre.
Cotton Responses to Black Plastic Mulch and Irrigation1
Authors: Bennett O. L. , Ashley D. A. , Doss B. D. 
Published: July 2010

AbstractField studies were conducted to determine the effect of black plastic mulch with and without irrigation on soil temperature, plant growth, cotton yields, fiber quality, water use, and weed control. All plots received an annual application of 360, 92, and 250 pounds per acre of N, P, and K, respectively. Plastic mulch increased seed cotton yields by 650 to 975 pounds per acre with or without irrigation and significantly increased the amount of cotton harvested early. Irrigation, however, increased yields of seed cotton by more than 1,600 pounds per acre with or without plastic mulch. Plastic mulch reduced rate of soil moisture loss, increased early season minimum soil temperature, accelerated early growth and fruiting of plants, and gave satisfactory weed control without cultivation.