bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydrocinchonine, cinchonine, and quinidine potentiate paclitaxel‐induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis via multidrug resistance reversal in MES‐SA/DX5 uterine sarcoma cells
Authors: Lee Sang‐Yun , Rhee Yun‐Hee , Jeong Soo‐Jin , Lee Hyo‐Jeong , Lee Hyo‐Jung , Jung Min‐Hyung , Kim Sun‐Hyung , Lee Eun‐Ok , Ahn Kwang Seok , Ahn Kyoo Seok , Kim Sung‐Hoon 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMultidrug resistance (MDR) is one of important issues to cause the chemotherapy failure against cancers including gynecological malignancies. Despite some MDR reversal evidences of natural compounds including quinidine and cinchonine, there are no reports on MDR reversal activity of hydrocinchonine with its analogues quinidine and cinchonine especially in uterine sarcoma cells. Thus, in the current study, we comparatively investigated the potent efficacy of hydrocinchonine and its analogues quinidine and cinchonine as MDR‐reversal agents for combined therapy with antitumor agent paclitaxel (TAX). Hydrocinchonine, cinchonine, and quinidine significantly increased the cytotoxicity of TAX in P‐glycoprotein (gp)‐positive MES‐SA/DX5, but not in the P‐gp‐negative MES‐SA cells at nontoxic concentrations by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Rhodamine assay also revealed that hydrocinchonine, cinchonine, and quinidine effectively enhanced the accumulation of a P‐gp substrate, rhodamine in TAX‐treated MES‐SA/DX5 cells compared with TAX‐treated control. In addition, hydrocinchonine, cinchonine, and quinidine effectively cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP), activated caspase‐3, and downregulated P‐gp expression as well as increased sub‐G1 apoptotic portion in TAX‐treated MES‐SA/DX5 cells. Taken together, hydrocinchonine exerted MDR reversal activity and synergistic apoptotic effect with TAX in MES‐SA/DX5 cells almost comparable with quinidine and cinchonine as a potent MDR‐reversal and combined therapy agent with TAX. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2011.
Genotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, endosulfan and 2,4‐D on human peripheral lymphocytes cultured from smokers and nonsmokers
Authors: Sandal Suleyman , Yilmaz Bayram 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPesticides often cause environmental pollution and adverse effects on human health. We have chosen four structurally different pesticides (endosulfan, an organochlorine pesticide; chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate insecticide; cypermethrin, type II pyrethroid insecticide, and 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, a chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbon acid pesticide) to examine and compare their effects on DNA damage in acutely cultured human lymphocytes by the comet assay. In addition, possible differences in response between smoking and nonsmoking subjects were also investigated. Venous blood samples were obtained from healthy male nonsmoker (n= 7) and smoker (n= 8) donors. Primary cultures of lymphocytes were prepared and test groups were treated with three different concentrations (1, 5, and 10 μM) of endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, cypermehrin, and 2,4‐D. DNA damage was assessed by alkaline comet assay. We determined an increase in the ratio of DNA migration in human lymphocyte cell cultures as a result of treatment with cypermethrin, 2,4‐D and chlorpyrifos at high concentration. Endosulfan had no significant genotoxic effect even at 10 μM concentration. We suggest that chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin are more potentially genotoxic than endosulfan and 2,4‐D. Our findings also indicate that the only significant DNA damage between smokers and nonsmokers was observed in the 2,4‐D‐treated group. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2010.
Incorporation of femur length leads to underestimation of fetal weight in asymmetric preterm growth restriction
Authors: Proctor L. K. , Rushworth V. , Shah P. S. , Keunen J. , Windrim R. , Ryan G. , Kingdom J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo review the performance of a variety of biometry formulae for estimated fetal weight (EFW) in the management of severely growth restricted fetuses with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler at a single perinatal institution.MethodsForty‐three pregnancies were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: chromosomally/ structurally normal fetus; complete ultrasound biometry at ≤ 7 days from delivery; EFW < 10th centile; absent/reversed end‐diastolic flow in the umbilical arteries; and delivery at < 32 + 6 weeks. EFW accuracy and precision were compared among nine formulae utilizing combinations of head circumference (HC), biparietal diameter (BPD), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) measurements.ResultsTwenty‐six (60.5%) fetuses showed asymmetric growth (HC/AC ratio > 95th centile). Analysis of the systematic and random errors associated with each formula showed that the birth weight of asymmetrically‐grown fetuses was most closely approximated by the Hadlock equation that utilized BPD and AC measurements only. The birth weight of symmetrically‐grown fetuses was most closely approximated by EFW derived from Hadlock equations that utilized ≥ three biometry measurements, including FL. Incorporation of FL into Hadlock formulae led to significant underestimation of birth weight in the fetuses with asymmetric growth (mean percentage error ± SD: EFWFL–AC, −13.3 ± 9.8%; EFWBPD–FL–AC, −10.8 ± 9.8%; EFWHC–FL–AC, −11.8 ± 9.3%; EFWBPD–HC–FL–AC, −11.7 ± 9.5%; P < 0.001). The same equations were accurate in fetuses with symmetric growth (EFWFL–AC, 3.1 ± 10.0%; EFWBPD–FL–AC, 1.0 ± 8.9%; EFWHC–FL–AC, 0.3 ± 8.7%; EFWBPD–HC–FL–AC, 0.4 ± 15.5%). Use of the best performing equation (Hadlock 3), which does not include FL, to estimate weight in asymmetrically‐grown fetuses over 28 weeks' gestation, would have reduced the proportion of those with an underestimation of fetal weight of > 100 g from nine (50.0%) to three (16.7%).ConclusionsBiometry methods that exclude FL should be considered in asymmetric intrauterine growth restriction associated with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A survey on the channel assignment problem in wireless networks
Authors: Audhya Goutam K. , Sinha Koushik , Ghosh Sasthi C. , Sinha Bhabani P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractEfficient allocation of channels for wireless communication in different network scenarios has become an extremely important topic of recent research. The main challenge lies in the fact that the channel allocation problem is NP‐complete. Because of a maximum allowable time limit imposed in practical situations for allocation of channels, sometimes we may need to be satisfied with a near‐optimal solution. In this correspondence, we present a discussion on the various challenges and approaches that have been used by different researchers to solve the problem of channel allocation taking into account different interference issues and efficient utilization of available communication channels for cellular mobile (including multimedia communication) environment and cognitive radio based networks. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A novel elliptical curve ID cryptography protocol for multi‐hop ZigBee sensor networks
Authors: Kim Hyunjue , Kim Chang Hyun , Chung Jong‐Moon 
Published: March 2010

AbstractZigBee uses the network security and application profile layers of the IEEE 802.15.4 and ZigBee Alliance standards for reliable, low‐powered, wireless data communications. However, the ZigBee protocol has some security weaknesses for newly joining devices. In this paper, these weaknesses are analyzed and a novel elliptical curve identity‐based cryptography (ECIC) protocol is presented to improve the security level of ZigBee networks. The proposed method provides perfect forward secrecy and enables network key transmission between nodes. Therefore, the traffic concentrated on the trustcenter is diminished, and the network efficiency is improved by reducing the key establishment time and processing burden on each sensor node, thereby reducing the overall energy consumption of the sensor network. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ockham's Razor
Authors: Lazar Nicole 
Published: March 2010

AbstractOckham's Razor is the philosophical principle that entities or assumptions should not be introduced unnecessarily. This is often interpreted as stating that one should seek the simplest explanation for a phenomenon. The purposes of this note are to introduce some of the different formulations of the Razor and the controversy surrounding it, to explore the use of Ockham's Razor as a scientific tool, and to draw connections with statistical inference, both frequentist and Bayesian. The note starts with a brief introduction to the life of William of Ockham, to whom the Razor is traditionally and popularly attributed. There is some controversy regarding the use of Ockham's Razor as an inferential tool; this seems to center on the meaning of ‘simple explanation’ and the issue is explored. Uses of the Razor in science, in statistical model selection, and in Bayesian inference are examined. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:Statistical and Graphical Methods of Data Analysis > Modeling Methods and AlgorithmsStatistical Models > Model Selection
Clausius‐Clapeyron relations for an evaporating solid conductor
Authors: Grinfeld P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe propose a number of experiments designed to test Thomson's thermodynamic theory of nucleation in the presence of electrostatic fields. In each proposed experiment, a two‐phase system is kept inside a charged capacitor whose top plate can act as a piston imposing external pressure. We present Clausius‐Clapeyron relations for a number of scenarios. In particular, we show the unexpected result that if the voltage U is changed isothermally and isobarically, then the accumulated charge τ remains unchanged.
Postsurgical Recurrence of Ileal Crohn’s Disease: An Update on Risk Factors and Intervention Points to a Central Role for Impaired Host‐Microflora Homeostasis
Authors: Cunningham Michael F. , Docherty Neil G. , Coffey J. Calvin , Burke John P. , O’Connell P. Ronan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundA pressing need exists to identify factors that predispose to recurrence after terminal ileal resection for Crohn’s disease (CD) and to determine effective prophylactic strategies. This review presents an up‐to‐date summary of the literature in the field and points to a role for bacterial overproliferation in recurrence.MethodsThe literature (Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, 1971–2009) on ileal CD and postoperative recurrence was searched, and 528 relevant articles were identified and reviewed.ResultsSmoking is a key independent risk factor for recurrence. NOD2/CARD15 polymorphisms and penetrating phenotype are associated with aggressive disease and higher reoperation rates. Age at diagnosis, disease duration, gender, and family history are inconsistent predictors of recurrence. Prophylactic 5‐aminosalicylic acid therapy and nitromidazole antibiotics are beneficial. Combination therapies with immunosuppressants are also effective. Anti‐TNFα‐based regimens show benefit but the evidence base is small. Corticosteroid, interleukin‐10, and probiotic therapies are not effective. Wider, stapled anastomotic configurations are associated with reduced recurrence rates. Strictureplasty and laparoscopic approaches have similar long‐term recurrence rates to open resection techniques. Length of resection and presence of microscopic disease at resection margins do not influence recurrence. A lack of consensus exists regarding whether the presence of granulomas or plexitis affects outcome.ConclusionsCurrent evidence points to defects in mucosal immunity and intestinal dysbiosis of either innate (NOD2/CARD15) or induced (smoking) origin in postoperative CD recurrence. Prophylactic strategies should aim to limit dysbiosis (antibiotics, side‐to‐side anastomoses) or prevent downstream chronic inflammatory sequelae (anti‐inflammatory, immunosuppressive, and immunomodulatory therapy).
Amylase Concentration of the Drainage Fluid as a Risk Factor for Intra‐abdominal Abscess Following Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Iwata Naoki , Kodera Yasuhiro , Eguchi Takehiko , Ohashi Norifumi , Nakayama Goro , Koike Masahiko , Fujiwara Michitaka , Nakao Akimasa 
Published: March 2010

AbstractBackgroundInsertion of drainage tubes at gastric cancer surgery could be useful for the prediction and management of postoperative complications. However, drains should be removed as soon as they are deemed unnecessary for various reasons. Amylase concentration of the drainage fluid following total gastrectomy for gastric cancer has been reported to be a useful risk factor for surgical complications.MethodsBetween January 2002 and December 2008, the authors measured amylase concentration of the drainage fluid on the first postoperative day for 372 patients who underwent gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy for gastric cancer at the Department of Surgery II, Nagoya University. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the significance of various covariates as risk factors for the pancreas‐related complications.ResultsPostoperative complications developed in 111 patients, of which 27 were pancreas‐related. Amylase concentration was significantly higher in patients who underwent splenectomy, pancreaticosplenectomy, total/proximal gastrectomies, and extended lymphadenectomy and in those who eventually developed intra‐abdominal abscess. Amylase concentration ≥1,000 IU/l on the first postoperative day, along with the body mass index, was an independent risk factor for pancreas‐related intra‐abdominal abscess.ConclusionsWith a negative predictive value of 97.7%, pancreas‐related complications are highly unlikely to be observed when amylase concentration is less than 1,000 IU/l, and early removal of the drainage tube could be recommended for these patients.
Safe total intrafascial laparoscopic (TAIL™) hysterectomy: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Hohl Michael K. , Hauser Nik 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study directly compares total intrafascial laparoscopic (TAIL™) hysterectomy with vaginal (VH) and abdominal (AH) hysterectomy with regard to safety, operating time and time of convalescence. The study is a prospective cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2), including data from patients of a single university-affiliated teaching institution, admitted between 1997 and 2008 for hysterectomy due to benign uterus pathology. Patient data were collected pre-, intra- and postoperatively and complications documented using a standardised data sheet of a Swiss obstetric and gynaecological study group (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Schweizerische Frauenkliniken, Amlikon/Switzerland). Classification of complications (major complications and minor complications) for all three operation techniques, evaluation of surgeons and comparison of operation times and days of hospitalisation were analysed. 3066 patients were included in this study. 993 patients underwent AH, 642 VH and 1,431 total intrafascial hysterectomy. No statistically significant difference for the operation times comparing the three groups can be demonstrated. The mean hospital stay in the TAIL™ hysterectomy, VH and AH groups is 5.8 ± 2.4, 8.8 ± 4.0 and 10.4 ± 3.9 days, respectively. The postoperative minor complications including infection rates are low in the TAIL™ hysterectomy group (3.8%) when compared with either the AH group (15.3%) or the VH group (11.2%), respectively. The total of minor complications is statistically significant lower for TAIL™ hysterectomy as for AH (O.R. 4.52, CI 3.25–6.31) or VH (O.R. 3.16, CI 2.16–4.62). Major haemorrhage with consecutive reoperation is observed statistically significantly more frequent in the AH group when compared to the TAIL™ hysterectomy group, with an O.R. of 6.13 (CI 3.05–12.62). Overall, major intra- and postoperative complications occur significant more frequently in the AH group (8.6%) when compared to the VH group (3%) and the TAIL™ hysterectomy group (1.8%). The incidence of major complications applying the standardised TAIL™ hysterectomy technique is not related to the experience of the surgeons. We conclude that a standardised intrafascial technique of total laparoscopic (TAIL™) hysterectomy using an anatomically developed special uterine device is associated with a very low incidence of minor and major intra- and postoperative complications. The direct comparison of complication rates with either vaginal or abdominal hysterectomy favours the total laparoscopic technique, and therefore, this technique can be recommended as a relatively atraumatic procedure. The operation times are comparable for all three techniques without any statistically significant differences. This technique for laparoscopic hysterectomy is shown to be equally safe when applied by experienced gynaecologic surgeons or by residents in training.
Novel Alkyl Ether Sulfonates for High Salinity Reservoir: Effect of Concentration on Transient Ultralow Interfacial Tension at the Oil–Water Interface
Authors: Aoudia Mohamed , Al‐Harthi Zuleihka , Al‐Maamari Rashid S. , Lee Christie , Berger Paul 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe effect of surfactant concentration on the occurrence and detection of transient ultralow interfacial tension (IFT) between crude oil and formation water at 75 °C has been investigated using a series of novel sodium alkyl ether sulfonates having various increasing molecular weights and degrees of ethoxylation. All surfactant systems displayed dynamic interfacial tension (DIT). Transient ultralow DIT (DITmin) were detected only within an intermediate surfactant concentration. This behavior was attributed to an implicit concentration‐related length scale required for the added surfactant to diffuse from the bulk phase to the freshly prepared oil–water interface. In the high surfactant concentration range, this length scale is relatively short and results in an instantaneous (and undetectable) occurrence of DITmim in a relatively very short time scale, well beyond the detection limit of the spinning drop tensiometer (~2–3 min). Interestingly, DITmin were detected only in systems above the surfactant's critical micelle concentration, suggesting that DITmin occurs as a result of the diffusion (subsequent to the adsorption) of the oil acidic species from the interface to the bulk phase to form mixed micelles with the added surfactant. Measurements of DITs in the presence of decane showed no evidence for DITmin, confirming the general belief that DITmin is indeed due to the interaction of the added surfactant with the oil acidic components. Finally, the effect of surfactant concentration on the equilibrium IFT (γeq) showed evidence for relatively low values (~10−2 mNm−1) for some surfactant systems.
Microemulsion‐Based Vegetable Oil Detergency Using an Extended Surfactant
Authors: Phan Tri T. , Witthayapanyanon Anuradee , Harwell Jeff H. , Sabatini David A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis work examined the use of a single extended surfactant in the microemulsion‐based detergency of vegetable oils. The results showed that good canola oil detergency (>80%) was achieved at 25 °C using a single extended surfactant (C14,15–8PO–SO4Na) at concentrations as low as 125 ppm, i.e., significantly lower than the surfactant concentration range of 500–2,500 ppm reported in other microemulsion‐based detergency work. It was found that the maximum detergency (95%) was achieved in the type II microemulsion region. These results demonstrate that the microemulsion‐based extended surfactant formulation is a promising approach for vegetable oil detergency at low temperature.
Dietary patterns and blood pressure among middle-aged and elderly Chinese men in Shanghai
Authors: Lee Sang-Ah , Cai Hui , Yang Gong , Xu Wang-Hong , Zheng Wei , Li Honglan , Gao Yu-Tang , Xiang Yong-Bing , Shu Xiao Ou 
Published: March 2010

The prevalence of hypertension has increased over the past decade in many developed and developing countries, including China. This increase may be associated with changes in lifestyle, including dietary patterns. We evaluated the association of dietary patterns with blood pressure (BP) by using data from a large, population-based cohort study of middle-aged and elderly Chinese men, the Shanghai Men's Health Study. The present cross-sectional analysis includes 39 252 men who reported no prior history of hypertension, diabetes, CHD, or stroke nor use of antihypertensive drugs at study enrolment. Three dietary patterns, ‘vegetable’, ‘fruit and milk’ and ‘meat’, were derived using factor analysis. The fruit and milk diet was inversely associated with both systolic and diastolic BP (Ptrend < 0·001). The adjusted mean systolic BP was 2·9 mmHg lower (95 % CI − 3·4, − 2·4), and diastolic BP was 1·7 mmHg lower (95 % CI − 2·0, − 1·4) for men in the highest quintile of the ‘fruit and milk’ pattern compared with men in the lowest quintile. This inverse association was more evident among heavy drinkers; the highest quintile of the ‘fruit and milk’ pattern was associated with a 4·1 mmHg reduction in systolic BPv. a 2·0 mmHg reduction among non-drinkers (Pinteraction = 0·003) compared to the lowest quintile. The corresponding reductions in diastolic BP were 2·0 v. 1·3 mmHg (Pinteraction = 0·011). The ‘fruit and milk’ pattern was associated with a lower prevalence of both pre-hypertension and hypertension, and the associations appeared to be stronger among drinkers. Results of the present study suggest an important role for diet in the prevention of hypertension.
Lower Healthy Eating Index-2005 dietary quality scores in older women with rheumatoid arthritisv. healthy controls
Authors: Grimstvedt Megan E , Woolf Kathleen , Milliron Brandy-Joe , Manore Melinda M 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the dietary quality of older women with and without rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using the Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HEI-2005) to identify potential strategies to improve the nutritional status.DesignCross-sectional. Diet was assessed using 7 d food records and analysed for nutrient composition (Food Processor v. 7·11). Diet quality was determined using the HEI-2005, a measure of compliance with 2005 US Dietary Guidelines. Individuals with RA completed a self-reported evaluation of arthritis (pain scale and disability index). Independent two-tailedttests or Mann–Whitney tests compared the differences between groups and correlations were computed between HEI-2005 and measures of disease reactivity.SettingArizona, USA.SubjectsOlder (≥ 55 years) women (n108) with RA (n52) and healthy controls (HC;n56).ResultsThere were no differences between groups in age, weight, or BMI (kg/m2). HC participants had higher mean HEI-2005 scores for whole fruit (cups;P= 0·02), total fruit (cups;P= 0·05), whole grains (oz;P= 0·004), oil (g;P= 0·05) and total HEI score (P= 0·04) than the RA group. In the RA group, these same HEI components were inversely correlated with disability index (r= −0·20,P= 0·04). Participants with RA reported lower mean intakes of carbohydrate (g;P= 0·02), fibre (g;P= 0·01) and vitamin C (mg;P= 0·04).ConclusionsThis is the first study examining the dietary quality in older women with and without RA using the HEI-2005. Living with RA was associated with significantly lower dietary quality. Since even small changes in dietary quality can translate into better nutritional status, future interventions should focus on increasing dietary quality in this high-risk group.