bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empirical analysis of the reliability of low‐rate wireless u‐healthcare monitoring applications
Authors: Lee Young‐Dong , Jeong Do‐Un , Lee Hoon‐Jae 
Published: October 2011

SUMMARYIn this paper, we demonstrate an empirical analysis of the reliability of low‐rate wireless u‐healthcare monitoring applications. We have considered the performance analysis of the IEEE 802.15.4 low‐rate wireless technologies for u‐healthcare applications. For empirical measurement, we considered three scenarios in which the reliability features of the low‐rate wireless u‐healthcare monitoring applications have been measured: (i) distance between sensor nodes and base station; (ii) deployment of the number of sensor nodes in a network; and (iii) data transmission by different time intervals. The experimental results show that received data are used to calculate BER and analyze the performance according to the scenarios. The BER is affected when varying the distance between sensor node and base station, the number of nodes, and time interval. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gene expression profiling in human whole blood samples after controlled testosterone application and exercise
Authors: Schönfelder Martin , Hofmann Hande , Anielski Patricia , Thieme Detlef , Oberhoffer Renate , Michna Horst 
Published: October 2011

AbstractDoping with anabolic agents is regulated within a number of sports. Testosterone and its functional analogs are popular compounds for increasing muscle mass, physical performance, recovery, and reducing body fat. While routine tests for anabolic drugs exist (e.g. hair, urine, and blood analysis), the aim of the present study is to determine specific gene expression profiles (induced by testosterone and exercise) which may be used as effective biomarkers to determine the use of anabolic drugs. In this study, whole blood samples of 19 male volunteers were analyzed by semi‐quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for gene expression profiles in the context of exercise and transdermal testosterone application (1.5 mg/kg body weight). The hormone application was monitored by urine and saliva analysis for testosterone. Both urinary and saliva levels indicate that transdermal testosterone application leads to an increase of testosterone, especially after exercise. RT‐PCR results showed a clear variation in the expression of target genes as well as established housekeeping genes. Only one of the nine common housekeeping genes, cyclophilin b (PPIB), appears to be independent of both exercise and testosterone. Out of 14 candidate genes, five are unregulated; all others were more or less influenced by the mentioned variables. Only interleukin‐6 appeared to be exclusively dependent on long‐term testosterone application. This study indicates that many genes are not influenced by testosterone alone while exercise modulates gene expression in whole blood samples. As such, exercise must be considered when validating gene expression techniques for doping analysis. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
[n]Borametalloarenophanes (n = 1, 2): Strained Systems with Uncommon Reactivity Patterns
Authors: Braunschweig Holger , Kupfer Thomas 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe chemistry of ansa‐complexes is of increasing importance in organometallic chemistry and materials science, a development that is closely related to the discovery of the first strained [1]silaferrocenophane in 1975 and their high value as efficient monomers in the ring‐opening polymerization to prepare high‐molecular‐weight metallopolymers. By contrast, interest in boron‐bridged derivatives has sparked only recently, which is rather surprising given the anticipated high degree of molecular ring strain imposed by the small covalent radius of the boron nucleus. Thus, it was not until 1997 that boron was successfully incorporated into an ansa‐bridge. Since then, the chemistry of strained [n]borametalloarenophanes has been studied systematically with respectto synthesis, electronic/structural properties and reactivity patterns. As a consequence, a rather large variety of [n]borametalloarenophanes based on different sandwich complex systems such as homoleptic [Fe(η5‐C5H5)2] and [M(η6‐C6H6)2] (M = V, Cr), as well as heteroleptic [Mn(η5‐C5H5)(η6‐C6H6)] and [M(η5‐C5H5)(η7‐C7H7)] (M = Ti, V, Cr) are now available. The structural and electronic consequences of the small mono‐ or diatomic boron bridges have been evaluated by different spectroscopic methods and X‐ray diffraction studies. Most importantly, these systems were shown to possess an enhanced reactivity. Uncommon and exciting reaction pathways could be encountered, which are evidently driven by the release of molecular ring strain. This Microreview is intended to highlight the consequences of molecular ring strain on the properties of [n]borametalloarenophanes. We begin with a comprehensive overview on the experimental approaches applied to their synthesis, and consider their unique properties in great detail. Subsequently, we will recognize that the highly strained character of the [n]bora‐metalloarenophanes enables unprecedented reaction pathways.
Characterization of primary wilms tumor cultures as an in vitro model
Authors: Wegert Jenny , Bausenwein Sabrina , Roth Sabine , Graf Norbert , Geissinger Eva , Gessler Manfred 
Published: October 2011

AbstractFunctional analysis of gene candidates and testing of novel therapeutics in Wilms tumors (WT) has been hampered by the lack of in vitro model systems. WT are characterized by a spectrum of histological appearances, but published cell lines are mostly derived from rare anaplastic variants or even non‐WT. There has been some success in establishing primary cultures, but these are often poorly characterized or only derived from less frequent WT1 mutant tumors. We report the generation of a set of primary WT‐cell cultures using a simple cultivation protocol. Our cultures could be established after preoperative chemotherapy and irrespective of histological subtypes or genetic alterations. The presence of tumor‐specific genetic alterations validates these cultures as being tumor‐derived. Genetic characterization is of utmost importance as some cultures with similar morphological appearance lacked such alterations and either represent clonal variants or normal cells. By immunohistochemistry, the cells are either epithelial or more mesenchymal, and the latter exhibiting a longer life span with 30 or more passages before undergoing senescence. This may be related to WT being embryonal tumors with a strong differentiation potential that may prevail in vitro. Telomeres progressively shorten with cultivation, but their length does not predict lifespan. hTERT transfection may partly allow establishment of immortalized lines, because 2/7 cultures avoid senescence even in later passages. Importantly, these cells can be efficiently manipulated by transfection, making them a useful model system for in vitro testing. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Myo‐inositol in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder
Authors: Carlomagno Gianfranco , Unfer Vittorio , Buffo Silvia , D'Ambrosio Francesco 
Published: October 2011

ObjectivePremenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a mood disorder disrupting social and/or occupational life of affected women. Premenstrual dysphoric disorder etiology is unknown, although a pivotal role is played by the serotoninergic system. Indeed, one of the most effective treatments is selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Several studies have proposed a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor‐like role for myo‐inositol, likely due to the fact that myo‐inositol is the second messenger of serotonin. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of myo‐inositol in the treatment of PMDD.MethodsWe used a two‐phase clinical trial approach (phase I: placebo washout; phase II: comparisons between treatment and placebo) and treated PMMD patients with two different myo‐inositol formulations: powder or soft gel capsules. We decided to test these two formulations because according to the manufacturer, 0.6 g of myo‐inositol in soft gel capsule has a pharmacokinetic equivalent to 2 g of myo‐inositol in powder.ResultsOur results showed a significant improvement of three different scales: a reduction in the Daily Symptoms Records scale and an improvement of the Hamilton Depression Rating and Clinical Global Impression—Severity of Illness scales. Results were similar for both formulations.ConclusionsIn the present study, by using a new pharmaceutical formulation, we were able to clearly prove the efficacy of myo‐inositol in PMDD. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of N‐terminal sequences of the tyrosine kinase sf‐Stk in transformation of rodent fibroblasts by variants of Friend spleen focus‐forming virus
Authors: Umehara Daigo , Kawamura Maki , Odahara Yuka , Watanabe Shinya , Hanson Charlotte , Ruscetti Sandra , Nishigaki Kazuo 
Published: October 2011

AbstractInfection of erythroid cells by Friend spleen focus‐forming virus (SFFV) leads to acute erythroid hyperplasia in mice, due to expression of its unique envelope glycoprotein, gp55. Erythroid cells expressing SFFV gp55 proliferate in the absence of their normal regulator, erythropoietin, because of the interaction among the viral envelope protein, the erythropoietin receptor, and a short form of the receptor tyrosine kinase Stk (sf‐Stk). This leads to constitutive activation of several signal transduction pathways. Our previous studies showed that sf‐Stk interacts with SFFV gp55, forming disulfide‐linked complexes. This covalent interaction, along with other noncovalent interactions with SFFV‐gp55, results in constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation of sf‐Stk and rodent fibroblast transformation. Here, we determined the precise amino acid region within sf‐Stk that contributes to fibroblast transformation by the polycythemia‐inducing (SFFV‐P) and the anemia‐inducing (SFFV‐A) strains of SFFV. Sf‐Stk deletion mutants showed different transforming abilities in fibroblasts infected with SFFV‐P and SFFV‐A, although the N‐terminal extracellular domain of sf‐Stk was essential for fibroblast transformation by both viruses. Point mutations of sf‐Stk indicated that cysteine 19 was critical for fibroblast transformation by SFFV‐P, although all four cysteines (8, 19, 37 and 42) appeared to be important for fibroblast transformation by both SFFV‐P and SFFV‐A. Mutation of sf‐Stk cysteine 19 abolished its ability to form dimers with SFFV‐P and SFFV‐A gp55. These results suggest that the interaction between sf‐Stk and the envelope proteins of the polycythemia‐ and anemia‐inducing variants of SFFV is architecturally different.
Inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 causes regression of gastric adenomas in trefoil factor 1 deficient mice
Authors: Thiel Alexandra , Narko Kirsi , Heinonen Mira , Hemmes Annabrita , Tomasetto Catherine , Rio Marie‐Christine , Haglund Caj , Mäkelä Tomi P. , Ristimäki Ari 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCyclooxygenase‐2 (Cox‐2) expression is a marker of reduced survival in gastric cancer patients, and inhibition of Cox‐2 suppresses gastrointestinal carcinogenesis in experimental animal models. To investigate the role of Cox‐2 in gastric carcinogenesis in vivo, we utilized trefoil factor 1 (Tff1) deficient mice, which model the neoplastic process of the stomach by developing gastric adenomas with full penetrance. These tumors express Cox‐2 protein and mRNA, and we have now investigated the effects of genetic deletion of the mouse Cox‐2 gene [also known as prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2)] and a Cox‐2 selective drug celecoxib. Our results show that genetic deletion of Cox‐2 in the Tff1 deleted background resulted in reduced adenoma size and ulceration with a chronic inflammatory reaction at the site of the adenoma. To characterize the effect of Cox‐2 inhibition in more detail, mice that had already developed an adenoma were fed with celecoxib for 8–14 weeks, which resulted in disruption of the adenoma that ranged from superficial erosion to deep ulcerated destruction accompanied with chronic inflammation. Importantly, mice fed with celecoxib for 16 weeks, followed by control food for 9 weeks, redeveloped a complete adenoma with no detectable inflammatory process. Finally, we determined the identity of the Cox‐2 expressing cells and found them to be fibroblasts. Our results show that inhibition of Cox‐2 is sufficient to reversibly disrupt gastric adenomas in mice.
Gulf spill update: What should damaged companies do?
Authors: Johnson Leigh Redd , Rudolph Holly R. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractA year after the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf, many of those affected are still trying to recover economic damages caused by the horrific widespread accident. Those damaged include fishermen, property owners, hoteliers, and restaurateurs, just to name a few. And there are many, many thousands of them.Lots of victims have filed lawsuits against BP, Transocean, and Halliburton. There are hundreds of federal cases, representing over 100,000 plaintiffs. Others have filed claims with the BP‐sponsored Gulf Coast Claims Facility (GCCF).But what are the best options for businesses damaged by the disaster? This article examines the current status of GCCF payments and litigation. It also explores the advantages and disadvantages of each option. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Paclitaxel inhibits osteoclast formation and bone resorption via influencing mitotic cell cycle arrest and RANKL‐induced activation of NF‐κB and ERK
Authors: Ang Estabelle S. M. , Pavlos Nathan J. , Chim Shek Man , Feng Hao Tian , Scaife Robin M. , Steer James H. , Zheng Ming H. , Xu Jiake 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPathological bone destruction (osteolysis) is a hallmark of many bone diseases including tumor metastasis to bone, locally osteolytic giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone, and Paget's disease. Paclitaxel is frequently prescribed in the treatment of several malignant tumors where it has been shown to exert beneficial effects on bone lesions. However, the mechanism(s) through which paclitaxel regulates osteoclast formation and function remain ill defined. In the present study, we demonstrate that paclitaxel dose‐dependently inhibits receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (RANKL)‐induced osteoclastogenesis in both RAW264.7 cells and mouse bone marrow macrophage (BMM) systems. In addition, paclitaxel treatment reduces the bone resorptive activity of human osteoclasts derived from GCT of bone, and attenuates lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced osteolysis in a mouse calvarial model. Complementary cellular and biochemical analyses revealed that paclitaxel induces mitotic arrest of osteoclastic precursor cells. Furthermore, luciferase reporter gene assays and western blot analysis indicate that paclitaxel modulates key RANKL‐induced activation pathways that are essential to osteoclast formation including NF‐κB and ERK. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a role for paclitaxel in the regulation of osteoclast formation and function and uncover potential mechanism(s) through which paclitaxel alleviates pathological osteolysis. J. Cell. Biochem. 113: 946–955, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perinatal outcomes after sonographic detection of isolated short femur in the second trimester
Authors: Ventura Walter , Huaman Johnny , Nazario Conny Elizabeth , Ingar Jaime , Huertas Erasmo , Antonio Limay Oscar 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose.To determine the association of fetal isolated short femur in the second‐trimester ultrasound (US) examination with perinatal outcomes such as small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) and low‐birth weight (LBW) neonates.Methods.This is a retrospective cohort study in fetuses routinely assessed by US examination at 18 to 24 weeks during 2006–2009. A fetal isolated short femur was defined as femur length below the 5th percentile and with no chromosomal or structural abnormalities. Fetuses with abdominal circumference below the 5th percentile at the time of US examination were excluded. Each case of short femur was matched with three controls according to gestational age at the time of the US examination.Results.Sixty‐one fetuses met the inclusion criteria. Both the group of women carrying a fetus with isolated short femur and that of women carrying a fetus with normal femur length had similar general and obstetric characteristics. Women carrying a fetus with isolated short femur were significantly more likely to deliver a SGA neonate (19.7% versus 8.7%, p < 0.05) and a LBW neonate (19.7% versus 7.1%, p < 0.05) than women carrying a fetus with normal femur length. Logistic regression analysis found odds ratios for SGA and LBW of 2.6 (95% confidence interval, 1.1–5.9) and 2.9 (95% confidence interval, 1.2–7.1), respectively.Conclusions.Isolated short femur in the second‐trimester US examination is associated with a subsequent delivery of SGA and LBW neonates. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 40:63–67, 2012
Liver diffusivity in healthy volunteers and patients with chronic liver disease: Comparison of breathhold and free‐breathing techniques
Authors: Eatesam Mamak , Noworolski Susan M. , Tien Phyllis C. , Nystrom Michelle , Dodge Jennifer L. , Merriman Raphael B. , Qayyum Aliya 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose:To compare liver ADC obtained with breathhold and free‐breathing diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in healthy volunteers and patients with liver disease.Materials and Methods:Twenty‐eight subjects, 12 healthy volunteers and 16 patients (9 NAFLD, 7 chronic active HCV), underwent breathhold (BH) and free‐breathing (FB) DWI MRI at 1.5 Tesla. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine correlation while paired t‐tests assessed differences between BH and FB ADC. Estimated bias was calculated using the Bland‐Altman method.Results:Liver ADC (×10−3 mm2/s) was lower on BH for all groups (mean difference 0.36 ± 0.20; P < 0.01). ADC was higher in healthy volunteers (BH 1.80 ± 0.18; FB 2.24 ± 0.20) compared with NAFLD patients (BH 1.43 ± 0.27; FB 1.78 ± 0.28) (P < 0.001) and HCV patients (BH 1.63 ± 0.191; FB 1.88 ± 0.12). Overall correlation between BH and FB ADC was (r = 0.75), greatest in NAFLD (r = 0.90) compared with the correlation in HCV (r = 0.24) and healthy subjects (r = 0.34). Bland‐Altman plots did not show agreement in mean absolute difference and estimated bias between subjects.Conclusion:Correlation between BH and FB liver ADC is moderate indicating that BH and FB should not be used interchangeably. Additionally, the lower ADC values in BH versus FB should be accounted for when comparing different liver DWI studies. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:103‐109. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging: A prospective evaluation of patients with suspected appendicitis (Diamond)
Authors: Heverhagen Johannes T. , Pfestroff Kathrin , Heverhagen Anna E. , Klose Klaus J. , Kessler Katharina , Sitter Helmut 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPurpose:To show the effect of standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with suspected appendicitis on negative laparotomy and perforation rate. Moreover, the economic impact on hospital resources was evaluated.Materials and Methods:In all, 52 patients (21 female; mean age 44.7 years) were prospectively included in this Institutional Review Board (IRB)‐approved study. Abdominal MRI including coronal inversion recovery, axial T2‐weighted, and contrast‐enhanced axial T1‐weighted sequences was performed. MRI results were compared to final clinical outcome determined by follow‐up or histopathology. Change of treatment was evaluated according to the final clinical outcome. Economic impact was evaluated by comparing the costs of MRI to the savings due to a change in treatment after MRI. Negative laparotomy and perforation rate as well as sensitivity and specificity were derived.Results:Negative laparotomy and perforation rate were 0% (0/52) and 8% (1/13). Sensitivity and specificity for detecting acute appendicitis were 85% (11/13) and 97% (38/39). In 40% of patients therapy changed due to the MRI. The overall effect on the use of hospital resources was a net saving of €2335.Conclusion:Abdominal MRI in the evaluation of patients with suspected appendicitis and equivocal clinical findings is safe, reliable, and cost‐effective. It should be considered an important alternative to computed tomography. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;35:617‐623. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Gender differences in both active and passive parts of the plantar flexors series elastic component stiffness and geometrical parameters of the muscle–tendon complex
Authors: Fouré Alexandre , Cornu Christophe , McNair Peter J. , Nordez Antoine 
Published: October 2011

AbstractMen are reportedly at higher risk of plantar flexor muscle injury and Achilles tendon ruptures than women. Biomechanical parameters are thought to play a role in the higher frequency of injury to males. One parameter is the stiffness of tissues; a stiff tissue cannot absorb sufficient energy with loading, and subsequently may be more likely to be injured. Thus, our purpose was to investigate the gender difference in the geometrical parameters of plantar flexor's muscle–tendon complex and the stiffness of both active and passive parts of the series elastic component (SSEC1 and SSEC2, respectively). Using the alpha method on data obtained from quick stretches to the plantar flexors performed during isometric contractions, SSEC1 and SSEC2 were assessed. Plantar flexor muscles and Achilles tendon cross‐sectional areas (CSATS and CSAAT, respectively) were determined in young healthy men (n = 49) and women (n = 31). The findings showed that SSEC2 was higher in men (p < 0.001), but this difference was not apparent when SSEC2 was normalized to CSAAT (p > 0.05). In contrast, SSEC1 was lower in men (p < 0.001) and remained so after normalization to CSATS. Higher joint stiffness observed in men was notably influenced by lever arm length. Thus, the results of this study have implications for performance and injury. © 2011 Orthopaedic Research Society Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 30:707–712, 2012