bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tissue‐specific differences in Ca2+ sensitivity of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP). Experiments in male rat liver and heart
Authors: Ricardez‐Garcia Carolina , Reyes‐Becerril Mauricio , Mosqueda‐Martinez Edson , Mendez‐Romero Ofelia , Ruiz‐Ramírez Angelica , Uribe‐Carvajal Salvador 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPermeability transition pore (PTP) opening dissipates ion and electron gradients across the internal mitochondrial membrane (IMM), including excess Ca2+ in the mitochondrial matrix. After opening, immediate PTP closure must follow to prevent outer membrane disruption, loss of cytochrome c, and eventual apoptosis. Flickering, defined as the rapid alternative opening/closing of PTP, has been reported in heart, which undergoes frequent, large variations in Ca2+. In contrast, in tissues that undergo depolarization events less often, such as the liver, PTP would not need to be as dynamic and thus these tissues would not be as resistant to stress. To evaluate this idea, it was decided to follow the reversibility of the permeability transition (PT) in isolated murine mitochondria from two different tissues: the very dynamic heart, and the liver, which suffers depolarizations less frequently. It was observed that in heart mitochondria PT remained reversible for longer periods and at higher Ca2+ loads than in liver mitochondria. In all cases, Ca2+ uptake was inhibited by ruthenium red and PT was delayed by Cyclosporine A. Characterization of this phenomenon included measuring the rate of oxygen consumption, organelle swelling and Ca2+ uptake and retention. Results strongly suggest that there are tissue‐specific differences in PTP physiology, as it resists many more Ca2+ additions before opening in a highly active organ such as the heart than in an organ that seldom suffers Ca2+ loading, such as the liver.
Markov modeling on dynamic state space for genetic disorders and infectious diseases with mutations: Probabilistic framework, parameter estimation, and applications
Authors: Baranon Mouhamadou Djima , Weke Patrick Guge Oloo , Alladatin Judicaël , Ale Boni Maxime 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The emergence and dynamic prevalence of genetic disorders and infectious diseases with mutations pose significant challenges for public health interventions. This study investigated the parameter estimation approach and the application of the dynamic state-space Markov modeling of these conditions. Using extensive simulations, the model demonstrated robust parameter estimation performance, with biases and mean-squared errors decreasing as sample size increased. Applying the model to COVID-19 data revealed distinct temporal patterns for each variant, highlighting their unique emergence, peak dominance, and decline or persistence trajectories. Despite the absence of clear trends in the data, the model exhibited a remarkable accuracy in predicting future prevalence trends for most variants, showcasing its potential for real-time monitoring and analysis. While some discrepancies were observed for specific variants, these findings suggest the model’s promise as a valuable tool for informing public health strategies. Further validation with larger datasets and exploration of incorporating additional factors hold the potential for enhancing the model’s generalizability and applicability to other evolving diseases.
MIF and AHP methods for delineation of groundwater potential zones using remote sensing and GIS techniques in Tirunelveli, Tenkasi District, India
Authors: Jebaraj Samuel Prabaharan , Rajagopal Viji 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The present study aims to identify whether the delineation of potential groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) is essential for monitoring surface and conserving underground water resources. This study analysed the morphology of earth surface characteristics such as geomorphology, lineament density, lithology, slope, soil types, land use and land cover, drainage density, land surface temperature, normalized difference vegetation index, rainfall, and topographic wetness index parameters to delineate the potential groundwater zones. This article applies the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and multi-influence factor (MIF) methods to identify potential groundwater zones in the Tirunelveli and Tenkasi districts of Tamil Nadu, India. In the AHP method, individual parameter's geometric mean and normalized weights were determined using the pair-wise matrix analytical method. Remote sensing-geographic information system (RS-GIS) techniques were used to generate thematic map layers from normalized weights to delineate GWPZs. The GWPZs were classified as Very Low, Low, Medium, High, and Very High. The result shows that the GWPZs were identified as 3.57, 0.55, 6.62, 58.09, and 31.21% in the study area for the five classes, respectively. In this study, the thematic maps were also prepared by assigning fixed scores and weights from the MIF approach. In the MIF approach, GWPZs were classified into five classes and identified as 3.16, 0.33, 2.14, 61.21, and 33.16% in the study area, respectively. GWPZ maps were evaluated for both MIF and AHP techniques using the Kappa statistics method with agreement values of 0.77 and 0.72%, respectively. This study's GIS-RS method is more proficient and efficient in delineating the GWPZs.
1D-CNN: Classification of normal delivery and cesarean section types using cardiotocography time-series signals
Authors: Kurtadikar Vidya Sujit , Pande Himangi Milind 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Cardiotocography (CTG) is considered the gold standard for monitoring fetal heart rate (FHR) during pregnancy and labor to estimate the danger of oxygen deprivation. Visual interpretation of CTG traces is complex and frequently results in high rates of false positives and false negatives, leading to unfavorable and unwanted outcomes such as fetal mortality or needless cesarean surgery. If the data are well-balanced, which is uncommon in medical datasets, machine learning techniques can be helpful in interpretation. This study is designed to determine classification performance under various data balance approaches. We propose a robust methodology for the automated extraction of features that use a deep learning model based on the one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN). We used a public database containing 552 intrapartum CTG recordings. Due to the imbalance in the dataset, the experiments were conducted under a variety of conditions such as (i) an unbalanced dataset, (ii) undersampling, (iii) a weighted binary cross-entropy approach, and (iv) oversampling utilizing the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE). We found an excellent sensitivity (99.80% for the unbalanced dataset, 96.25% for the weighted binary cross-entropy approach, and 99.81% with SMOTE) except for the under sampling situation, in which the sensitivity was 85.71%. Moreover, the 1D-CNN model incorporating SMOTE yielded promising results in 88% specificity, 93.72% quality index (QI), and 95.10% area under the curve. The model exhibited excellent performance in terms of sensitivity in every scenario except for undersampling. The oversampling of training data with SMOTE yielded a decent level of specificity, demonstrating the model’s strong predictive capacity. In addition, the SMOTE scenario resulted in fewer training epochs, which is another accomplishment.
All about ablaut: a typology of ablaut reduplicative structures
Authors: Wivell Grace , Miatto Veronica , Karakaş Ayla , Kostyszyn Kalina , Repetti Lori 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this typological study, we identify 31 languages that have reduplication with a changed vowel, as in English tick-tock, referred to as ablaut reduplication. Cross-linguistically, this type of reduplication typically manifests as total reduplication with a changed vowel whose quality may or may not be fixed, and when it is not fixed the vowel differs maximally from the corresponding vowel in the base. The order of the copy relative to the base can be fixed or variable, and when it is variable the order enforces a language-specific vowel contour across the two components, such as a low vowel in the first constituent and a high vowel in the second, regardless of which constituent is the base. Furthermore, all cases of ablaut have strikingly similar semantics (playfulness, onomatopoeia, movement, etc.). We review previous treatments of the topic and outline the necessary components of a unified analysis that accommodates the typological patterns.
Revisiting the hypothesis of ideophones as windows to language evolution
Authors: Di Paola Giovanna , Progovac Ljiljana , Benítez-Burraco Antonio 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Ideophones stand out as promising constructions to be considered as linguistic “fossils”. Allegedly, this is due to some of their distinctive features, including their sound-symbolic nature, ample use of reduplication, reliance on the simplest combinatorial processes, attachment to emotional content, and presumed bootstrapping effects on language acquisition. These features might exhibit some continuity with primate communication systems, including the co-occurrence with gestures. Because the nature and complexity of ideophones in modern languages can vary significantly from culture to culture, in this paper, we focus on their links with cross-modality, and ultimately, on how they are processed by the brain and how our brain evolved. We embed our analysis in the framework of the human self-domestication hypothesis, according to which human evolution was characterized by a gradual decrease in reactive aggression, which had an impact on our cognitive and behavioural features. Our framework implicates the cortico-striatal brain networks, whose enhanced connectivity is a mechanism for both the suppression of reactive aggression, and for cross-modality and language processing more generally. In conclusion, even though present-day ideophones can certainly show many new complexities, some of their most basic features can be reconstructed as approximations of early (but not archaic), creative uses of language.
Almost periodic dynamics for a delayed differential neoclassical growth model with discontinuous control strategy
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Wei , Zhan Qian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this study, we are concerned with the existence and exponential stability issue of a delayed differential neoclassical growth model with discontinuous control strategy. By employing the Filippov’s theory and dichotomy theory, together with the Lyapunov functional method, novel criteria on existence and exponential stability are established for the addressed model. The established theoretical results extend and supplement the related results in the existing literature. Moreover, a simulation example is presented to verify the practicability of the proposed results.
Parameter identification of Yoshida–Uemori combined hardening model by using a variable step size firefly algorithm
Authors: Şener Bora 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The material behavior under cyclic loading is more complex than under monotonic loading and the usage of the sophisticated constitutive models is required to accurately define the elastoplastic behaviors of the advanced high-strength steels and aluminum alloys. These models involve the numerous material parameters that are determined from cyclic tests and accurate calibration of the variables has a great influence on the description of the material response. Therefore, the development of a precise and robust identification method is needed to obtain reliable results. In this study, a systematic methodology depending upon the firefly algorithm (FA) with variable step size has been developed and Yoshida–Uemori combined hardening model parameters of a dual-phase steel (DP980) and an aluminum alloy (AA6XXX-T4) are determined. The identified parameters are verified based on comparisons between the finite element simulations of the cyclic uniaxial tension-compression tests and experimental data and also the search performance of the variable FA is evaluated by comparing it with the standard FA. It is seen from these comparisons that variable FA can easily find and rapidly converge to the global optimum solutions.
Physiochemical and electrical activities of nano copper oxides synthesised via hydrothermal method utilising natural reduction agents for solar cell application
Authors: Rajabi Armin , Boon Kar Yap , Doroody Camellia , Sieh Kiong Tiong , Arzaee Nurul Affiqah , Mohamad Noh Mohamad Firdaus , Beygisangchin Mahnoush , Ghotbi Mohammad Yeganeh , Alam Mohammad Nur E. , Venu Harish , Soudagar Manzoore Elahi M. , Asim Nilofar , Baghdadi Amir Hossein , Ghazali Mariyam Jameelah 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore the potential compatibility of copper oxide nano-powders synthesised via hydrothermal method for solar cell applications by triggering a reaction between copper acetate and various reducing agents derived from natural resources, including Arabic gum, molasses, starch, and vinegar. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the crystalline phases of the synthesised materials, indicating the successful synthesis of copper oxide material, which was confirmed by identifying patterns that matched specific copper oxide phases. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was employed to analyse the molecular vibrations and chemical compounds present in the reducing agents. The reducing properties of the selected materials and their capacity to convert copper acetate into copper oxide were validated. Field-emission microscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses of the synthesised copper oxide nanoparticles (NPs) revealed variations in particle size and morphology. These variations were dependent on the particular reducing agent utilised during synthesis. Moreover, the carrier concentration, mobility, and resistivity were evaluated as the electrical properties of the spin-coated copper oxide thin films. Hall effect analysis determined that the choice of reducing agent significantly influenced the carrier concentration (n) and mobility (µ) of the films. Remarkably, nano copper oxide films synthesised using starch exhibited irregular spherical grains with porous surfaces. Starch-synthesised samples showed the highest conductivity of n = 1.2 × 1019 cm−3 when compared with those synthesised with other reducing agents. This suggests that the porous surfaces in the starch-synthesised films may have contributed to their enhanced conductivity compared to films synthesised with alternative reducing agents. In summary, the findings emphasised the influence of the reducing agent on the size, morphology, and electrical conductivity of the copper oxide NPs.
Avogadro Colloquia in Rome on “Vision and Opportunities of a Sustainable Hydrogen Society”
Authors: Armelao Lidia , Giamello Elio , Guerra Gaetano , Carrozza Maria Chiara 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The fifth edition of Avogadro Colloquia entitled “From Water to Chemicals: Vision and Opportunities of a Sustainable Hydrogen Society”, jointly organized by the Department of Chemical Sciences and Materials Technologies of the National Research Council (DSCTM CNR) and the Italian Chemical Society (SCI), was held at the CNR headquarters in Rome on December 15th–16th, 2022. This relevant periodic conference of SCI also was one of the first events for the celebrations of the Centenary of the Italian CNR. This edition of the Colloquia was focused on the technologies for hydrogen production and use in the so-called green transition towards a society with reduced CO2 emissions. Such technologies well fit the objectives recommended by the United Nations and by Mission EU2030 for the mitigation of the climate change. Greeting addresses to this event were given by the CNR president Maria Chiara Carrozza, the president of SCI Gaetano Guerra, the elected president of the European Chemical Society (EuChemS) Angela Agostiano, the IUPAC president Javier García Martínez and the director of DSCTM CNR Lidia Armelao. All the representatives of the national and international chemical societies underlined the key role of chemical sciences and innovative materials in the green transition.
Quantification of Zr in simulated dissolver solution of U–Zr fuel by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Maity Ujjwal Kumar , Janardhanan Namitha , Periasamy Manoravi 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Estimation of Zr in fresh and irradiated metal alloy fuel is important. The homogeneous dissolver solution represents the fuel composition better compared to a highly heterogeneous solid pellet. The present study employs LIBS to determine Zr in the simulated dissolver solution. Four different compositions of U–Zr samples where the Zr/U ratio varies from 0.04 to 0.18 % are analyzed by LIBS with an in-house designed liquid sample cell. A good correlation coefficient is achieved for the measurements in the calibration plot. The results for identifying non-overlapping peaks, calibration plot, precision, deviation, and detection limit are discussed in detail. Two set of solid samples, an oxide pellet and metal alloy with similar Zr/U composition, are also analyzed by LIBS. The results obtained from these three set of samples are inter-compared, and the reason for getting a better Zr/U intensity ratio for a dried coating of sample on aluminium for a given composition is explained.
New lead barium borate glass system for radiation shielding applications: impacts of copper (II) oxide on physical, mechanical, and gamma-ray attenuation properties
Authors: Sayyed M. I. , Almuqrin Aljawhara H. , Mahmoud Karem A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The current work seeks to develop a novel CuO-doped lead calcium barium borate glass using the melt quenching method at 1100 °C. There was a 3.91–4.49 g/cm3 change in the fabricated glasses’ density, with a respective 0–15 mol.% increase in the CuO concentration. Additionally, substituting CuO for B2O3 reduced the fabricated glasses mechanical properties due to the decreased dissociation energy between 63.99 and 60.50 kcal/cm3, and the packing factor decreased between 15.22 and 13.23 cm3/mol. Through increasing the fabricated glasses’ CuO concentration, there was a decrease in the bulk, longitudinal, shear, and mechanical Young moduli. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulation (energy interval: 0.033–2.506 MeV) was employed to evaluate the fabricated glasses’ ability to shield gamma rays. A 0–15 mol.% increase in the CuO concentration raised the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) between 14.081 and 16.797 cm−1 (0.059 MeV), 0.325–0.371 cm−1 (0.662 MeV), and 0.154–0.176 cm−1 (2.506 MeV). The LAC enhancement reduced the required half value thickness of the fabricated glasses by 16.2 %, 12.53 %, and 12.85 % at the of 0.059, 0.662, and 2.506 MeV gamma ray energies.
Effect of carbon nanotubes on mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites: A review
Authors: Nie Xiaowu , Bahrami Ahhas 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are renowned for their low density, high elastic modulus, and exceptional electrical and thermal properties. The continuously developing applications of CNTs provide higher specific stiffness and strength for composite materials. The unique characteristics of CNTs make them ideal reinforcing particles in aluminum matrix composites (AMMCs), which generally exhibit excellent mechanical properties. CNTs/AMMCs are usually prepared using methods such as powder metallurgy, casting, spray deposition, and reactive melting. The uniform diffusion of CNTs in composites is crucial for enhancing the properties of CNTs/AMMCs. The properties of CNTs/AMMCs largely depend on the content, morphology, and distribution of reinforcements in the matrix and the interaction between reinforcements and the matrix. By adding an appropriate volume fraction of CNTs, the hardness, tensile strength, compressive strength, and electrical properties of CNTs/AMMCs were significantly improved. The effects of CNT content on the mechanical properties of CNTs/AMMCs, including the tensile strength, yield strength, compressive strength, stress–strain curve behavior, elastic modulus, hardness, creep, and fatigue behavior, were revealed. The design of microstructure, optimization of the preparation process, and optimization of composition can further improve the mechanical properties of CNTs/AMMCs and expand their application in engineering. The design concept of integrating material homogenization and functional unit structure through biomimetic design of novel gradient structures, layered structures, and multi-level twin structures further optimizes the composition and microstructure of CNTs/AMMCs, which is the key to further obtaining high-performance CNTs/AMMCs. As a multifunctional composite material, CNTs/AMMCs have broad application prospects in fields such as air force, military, aerospace, automation, and electronics. Moreover, CNTs/AMMCs have potential applications in cell therapy, tissue engineering, and other areas.
No Sex Differences in Perceptual Responses to High-Intensity Interval Training or Sprint Interval Training
Authors: Coe Leah N. , Astorino Todd A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Coe, LN and Astorino, TA. No sex differences in perceptual responses to high-intensity interval training or sprint interval training. J Strength Cond Res 36(6): 1025–1032, 2024—High-intensity interval training (HIIT) elicits similar and, in some cases, superior benefits vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). However, HIIT is typically more aversive than MICT because of the higher intensity and in turn, greater blood lactate accumulation (BLa). This study explored potential sex differences in perceptual responses to acute HIIT and sprint interval training. Fifteen men (age and V̇O2max = 29 ± 8 years and 39 ± 3 ml·kg−1·min−1) and 13 women (age and V̇O2max = 22 ± 2 years and 38 ± 5 ml·kg−1·min−1) who are healthy and recreationally active initially underwent testing of maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) on a cycle ergometer. In randomized order on 3 separate occasions, they performed the 10 × 1-minute protocol at 85% of peak power output, 4 × 4-minute protocol at 85–95% maximal heart rate (%HRmax), or reduced exertion high intensity interval training consisting of 2 “all-out” 20-second sprints at a load equal to 5% body mass. Before and throughout each protocol, rating of perceived exertion (rating of perceived exertion [RPE] 6–20 scale), affective valence (+5 to −5 of the Feeling Scale), and BLa were assessed. Five minutes postexercise, enjoyment was measured using the Physical Activity Enjoyment scale survey. Results showed no difference in RPE (p = 0.17), affective valence (0.27), or enjoyment (p = 0.52) between men and women. Blood lactate accumulation increased in response to all protocols (p < 0.001), and men showed higher BLa than women (p = 0.03). Previous research suggests that interval exercise protocols are not interchangeable between men and women, yet our data reveal that men and women having similar V̇O2max exhibit no differences in perceptual responses to interval exercise.