bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction with a Rapid Latex Agglutination Test for Semi‐quantitative Estimation of Serum Myoglobin
Authors: HANGAARD J. , RASMUSSEN O. , NØRREGAARD‐HANSEN K. , JØRGENSEN N. , SIMONSEN E. E. , NØRGAARD‐PEDERSEN B. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. Hangaard J, Rasmussen O, Nørregaard‐Hansen K, Jørgensen N, Simonsen EE, Nørgaard‐Pedersen B (Department of Internal Medicine, Haderslev Hospital, Haderslev, and Department of Clinical Chemistry, Sønderborg Hospital, Sønderborg, Denmark). Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction with a rapid latex agglutination test for semi‐quantitative estimation of serum myoglobin.A rapid latex agglutination test for the detection of elevated levels of myoglobin in serum was evaluated in a prospective study of 236 patients consecutively admitted to a Coronary Care Unit on suspicion of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The final diagnosis was made according to the WHO criteria. The prevalence of AMI was 0.45 with a male to female ratio of 2:1. In all patients at least two blood samples were collected with 4 hours interval 4–12 hours after the onset of symptoms. All sera were analysed for myoglobin by a latex agglutination test and by a radioimmunoassay (RIA). The latex test was performed twice, first as an emergency test by the technical assistant on duty and later by another well‐trained technical assistant as her daily routine work. If the latex test was carried out each day by the same well‐trained technical assistant, the test results agreed well with the RIA test results, and the false‐negative fraction for patients with AMI constituted 0.06 and the false‐positive fraction for patients without AMI 0.46. However, when the latex test was performed by the occasional technical assistant on duty, a relatively high degree of discrepancy was observed between the latex test results and the RIA test results, thus giving a false‐negative fraction of 0.11 and a false‐positive one of 0.36. In conclusion, performed under optimal laboratory conditions, the latex test can be used as a reliable method to estimate elevated levels of serum myoglobin. However, used as a bedside emergency examination, the test results correlated rather poorly to the RIA test results, and consequently the latex myoglobin test seems to be of minor clinical importance in the early evaluation of patients with suspected AMI.
A Controlled Study of the Influence of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Treatment on Diabetic Retinopathy during Pregnancy
Authors: LAATIKAINEN LEILA , TERAMO KARI , HIETA‐HEIKURAINEN HELENA , KOIVISTO VEIKKO , PELKONEN RISTO 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. Laatikainen L, Teramo K, Hieta‐Heikurainen H, Koivisto V, Pelkonen R (Department of Ophthalmology, I and II Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, III Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland). A controlled study of the influence of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment on diabetic retinopathy during pregnancy.Forty consecutive pregnant patients with insulin‐dependent (Type I) diabetes mellitus were randomized at the end of the first trimester for treatment with conventional insulin therapy (CIT) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion therapy (CSII). Nine patients randomized into the CSII group declined the pump treatment. The mean glycosylated haemoglobin (Hb A1c) decreased (p<0.001) both in the CIT and the CSII groups with no difference between the groups. Some deterioration in retinopathy was found in 2/18 patients in the CIT group, in 5/13 in the CSII group, and in 3/9 of those who declined the pump treatment. The proportion of patients whose retinopathy progressed did not differ significantly between the groups, and in the majority the deterioration was mild. However, two patients in the CSII group developed acute ischaemic retinopathy, which progressed to proliferative stage in spite of laser treatment. In these two cases the decrease in the Hb Alc level was among the greatest and fastest in the study. These data suggest that a rapid near normalization of glycaemic control by CSII during pregnancy can accelerate the progress of retinopathy in poorly controlled diabetic patients.
Correlation between Non‐toxic Goitre and Benign Mastopathia
Authors: CHRISTENSEN SVEND BORUP 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. Borup Christensen S (Department of Surgery, University of Lund, MalmÖ General Hospital, MalmÖ, Sweden). Correlation between non‐toxic goitre and benign mastopathia. The result of a survey in 477 middle‐aged women.A survey of thyroid and breast diseases was performed in 477 women representative of a middle‐aged female population in Malmo, Sweden. Fifty‐four women (11.3%) were found to have palpable goitre; 45 of these were unaware of their disorder. All goitres were considered to be benign. One woman with goitre had a mild thyrotoxicosis; the goitres in the other 53 women were atoxic. Seventy‐six women (16.0%) had been subjected to surgical breast biopsy 1–25 years before the present survey (median 9 years). The histological diagnoses were: cancer 1, fibroadenoma 8. cystic disease 48, fibrosis 9, and miscellaneous 10. A correlation between atoxic goitre and histologically verified benign breast disease was found (p<0.05). The correlation was explained solely by an association between goitre and fibrosis of the breast (p<0.001). This study shows a correlation between fibrosis of the breast and atoxic goitre in middle‐aged women. The correlation is considered to be a true one, and a possible explanation is briefly discussed.
Subcortical Arteriosclerotic Encephalopathy (Binswanger's Disease)
Authors: HØJER‐PEDERSEN ELSE , PETERSEN OLE FRITZ 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. Højer‐Pedersen E, Petersen OF (Departments of Neurology and Radiology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark). Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (Binswanger's disease). Presentation of two cases.Subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE) (Binswanger's disease) was previously diagnosed almost exclusively at autopsy and considered to be very rare. Recent studies, however, indicate that an in vivo diagnosis might be made by means of computed tomography (CT) or nuclear magnetic resonance, resulting in a much more frequent recognition of this chronic encephalopathy of middle‐aged, hypertensive patients. Two cases are presented, in which the clinical and CT findings made a diagnosis of SAE very probable.
Acute Unidentified Hepatitis in a Hypogammaglobulinaemic Patient on Intravenous Gammaglobulin Successfully Treated with Interferon
Authors: LOCKNER DIETER , BRATT GÖRAN , LINDBORG ANNIKA , TÖRNEBOHM EVA 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. Lockner D, Bratt G, Lindborg A, TÖrnebohm E (Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology and Oncology, Huddinge University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden). Acute unidentified hepatitis in a hypogammaglobulinaemic patient on intravenous gammaglobulin successfully treated with interferon.A 59‐year‐old male with acquired hypogammaglobulinaemia since 1978 developed a fulminant hepatitis. The hepatitis appeared after two years intravenous treatment with Sandoglobu‐lin (Sandoz, Switzerland). No virus markers could be detected in the body fluids or liver tissue. Blood transfusions had not been given within one year before development of the liver disease. There was strong suspicion that the patient had acquired non‐A non‐B hepatitis from the gammaglobulin infusions. Treatment with alpha‐interferon ran parallel to a normalization of the pathological liver enzymes and the histology of the liver. This observation suggests a direct antiviral effect of alpha‐interferon, despite the anecdotical and non‐controlled character of these data.
Problems in Assessing Rationality of Drug Utilization in Less Developed Countries
Authors: ALI HASSAN M. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACTLess developed countries are facing various difficulties in assessing rationality of drug utilization. The problems are essentially related to four major areas; (a) Policies, administration and management, (b) Practice and services, (c) Education and training, (d) Monitoring and research. Drug policies have often failed to recognise the importance of identifying the levels of rationality of the various components of drug utilization. Consequently, neither the need nor the mechanisms to assess rationality were considered. Drug utilization data and records have been poorly developed and maintained, e.g. mal‐managed, inaccurate, and without continuity with regard to collection, monitoring and evaluation. Provision and supply of drugs were handled by an unnecessary multiplicity of departments and state offices, none of which keeping complete records and/or information in relation to needs of drugs nor other health care requirements. Deficiences and shortcomings associated with medical/pharmaceutical practice, services, education and training have as well contributed significantly to the failure of the less developed countries to assess and promote rationality of drug utilization.
Diagnostic Criteria and Quality Control of the Registration of Stroke Events in the MONICA Project
Authors: ASPLUND K. , TUOMILEHTO J. , STEGMAYR B. , WESTER P.O. , TUNSTALL‐PEDOE H. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. Stroke events are being registered in 27 of the MONICA collaborating centres. Coding of test cases has shown the greatest discrepancies in coding of the type of stroke (different pathoanatomical diagnoses) and of the diagnostic category (whether a definite stroke has occurred or not), 23 % and 14 % discrepancies respectively. A check for completeness of stroke registration at the Northern Sweden MONICA Center showed that more than 91 % of the events were retrieved by routine registration procedures. Measures to reduce the discrepancies in coding between centres and to check for completeness of data are suggested.In many centres, the number of stroke events below 65 years of age is too small to permit meaningful analyses. By including also stroke events in the 65–74 year age range, the number of fatal events in the Northern Sweden MONICA area increased by 195 % and non‐fatal events by 149 %. Many other MONICA centres have also extended their upper age limit for the registration of stroke events, thus improving the preconditions for statistical evaluations of the long‐term changes in stroke incidence.
Mortality and coronary events in two Italian MONICA areas: Area Latina and Area Brianza
Authors: GIAMPAOLI S. , MENOTTI A. , CANNATELLI P. , CESANA G.C. , FERRARIO M. , FORTE E. , MAIETTA A. , RIGHETTI G. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. In Italy three areas have been enrolled in the MONICA Project, two being located in Northern Italy (Area Brianza and Area Friuli) and one in Central Italy (Area Latina). This report concerns the comparison of the first year mortality and registration data of two areas, Area Latina (1983) and Area Brianza (1985), for men and women aged 25–64.In Area Latina, the age‐standardized mortality rates for all causes, for all coronary heart disease, and for stroke are respectively 483, 83 and 42 per 100,000 for males, and 252, 14 and 32 per 100,000 for females. In Area Brianza, the age‐standardized mortality rates for all causes, for all coronary heart disease, and for stroke are respectively 541, 94 and 38 per 100,000 for males, and 249, 19 and 24 per 100,000 for females.For males the attack rate for coronary events is similar in Area Latina and Area Brianza but the distribution of events in the several diagnostic categories is different. For females the coronary attack rate is higher in Area Latina than in Area Brianza.The implications of these data are discussed mainly from the methodological point of view.
Mortality, morbidity and case fatality from myocardial infarction and the cardiovascular risk profile in the Warsaw population
Authors: RYWIK S. , KUPŚĆ W. , WĄGROWSKA H. , KULESZA W. , BRODA G. , POLAKOWSKA M. 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT. The present study, based on the World Health Organization (WHO) MONICA Project design, covers two Warsaw districts inhabited by 274442 people, aged 25–64. In the studied population over the years 1976–1985, no significant time‐trends were found of cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI) and cerebrovascular mortality, whereas the hypertension mortality trends increased significantly.The MI attack rate in 1984/85 in men aged 25–64 was 466/100.000 and that of women 173/100.000. Within the last 14–15 years the age‐standardized MI attack rates increased by 35 % in men aged 35–64 and by 65 % in women. The 28‐day case fatality was 40 % in men and 35 % in women. Fatality was highest the first day after the onset of symptoms, and only 66 % of men and 72 % of women survived the first 3 days after onset.No significant differences in age‐standardized mean values of plasma total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (BP) were found between men and women. Mean values of high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (HDL) and of the Quatelet index were higher in the female population, whereas the tryglyceride level, diastolic BP, and the number of cigarettes smoked daily were higher in the male population. In men, the plasma total cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol and HDL‐cholesterol values did not change with age, but the tryglyceride values decreased; in women, the plasma total cholesterol, LDL‐cholesterol and tryglyceride values increased with age. Mean values of systolic and diastolic BP increased with age in both sexes, whereas the number of cigarettes smoked daily decreased.
A Hyperkinetic Heart in Uncomplicated Active Acromegaly
Authors: THUESEN LEIF , CHRISTENSEN STIG E. , WEEKE JØRGEN , ØRSKOV HANS , HENNINGSEN PER 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT.Cardiac function was studied by echocardiography in 12 patients with active acromegaly and in 12 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy control subjects. None of the patients had cardiovascular diseases or other endocrine diseases than acromegaly. The patients had a mean age of 39±5 years and were short‐term acromegalic with a mean duration of disease of 6±3 years. Mean left ventricular mass was 163±43 g/m2 in the acromegalic group versus 120±24 g/m2 in the control group. Preload (the diastolic diameter of the left ventricle) was within normal limits, while afterload (end‐systolic meridional wall stress) was significantly decreased in the acromegalic group. Myocardial contractility assessed as fractional shortening of the left ventricle was 39.9±3.6% in the acromegalic group versus 32.9±5.1% in the control group, and cardiac output was increased by 52% in the acromegalic group because of increased heart rate and stroke volume. We suggest that augmented peripheral blood flow is responsible for the condition of cardiac hyperkinesia in short‐term acromegaly and involved in the development of hypertension, which is a frequent complication of long‐term acromegaly.
Osteoporosis and Back Pain among the Elderly
Authors: FINSEN VILHJALMUR 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT.Questionnaire responses from 120 men and 337 women over the age of 50 years were studied to determine the prevalence of back pain among the elderly. In order to gain a rough indication of the back pain among elderly women which might be due to osteoporosis, the prevalence was compared in the two sexes. The prevalence of back pain without radiation to the legs and concomitant morbidity was found to be similar among men and women up to the 70–79‐year age‐group. After this age the prevalence was higher in women. Those with exceptional loss of body height or kyphosis had a high prevalence of back pain, while those who had sustained previous hip or radius fractures did not. There was increasing prevalence of back pain among women with increasing number of previous fractures. The study gives little indication of serious morbidity of osteoporosis in the form of back pain before very old age.
Cyclical Changes in Endogenous Overnight Creatinine Clearance during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy
Authors: PAABY PER , NIELSEN AAGE , MØLLER‐PETERSEN JENS , RAFFN KJELD 
Published: August 2010

ABSTRACT.To investigate the pattern of change in endogenous overnight creatinine clearance during the third trimester, 12 healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancies were examined three times a week. Urine was collected overnight from 22.00 to 08.00 hours and analysed for creatinine. Serum was sampled in the morning and analysed for creatinine, β2‐microglobulin, progesterone and estradiol. The general trend of creatinine clearance was parabolic with a declining level during the last month before term. A sinusoid pattern with minimum values around the time when the women would have had menstruation had they not become pregnant was superimposed on the parabolic trend. A mathematical model (parabolas overlaid with a cosine curve) was constructed and fitted to the data. The cyclical pattern was significant. Serum creatinine showed a pattern with increasing values during the last 4–6 weeks before term and cyclical changes which were also significant. In the individual case the monthly and preterm clearance decrement sometimes was over 50%. Monthly and preterm decreases in creatinine clearance may be quite normal and serial measurements of creatinine clearance are therefore necessary to determine if declining values indicate pathological falls in the glomerular filtration rate.
Taking the chaos out of genetic patchiness: seascape genetics reveals ecological and oceanographic drivers of genetic patterns in three temperate reef species
Authors: SELKOE KIMBERLY A. , WATSON JAMES R. , WHITE CROW , HORIN TAL BEN , IACCHEI MATTHEW , MITARAI SATOSHI , SIEGEL DAVID A. , GAINES STEVEN D. , TOONEN ROBERT J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMarine species frequently show weak and/or complex genetic structuring that is commonly dismissed as ‘chaotic’ genetic patchiness and ecologically uninformative. Here, using three datasets that individually feature weak chaotic patchiness, we demonstrate that combining inferences across species and incorporating environmental data can greatly improve the predictive value of marine population genetics studies on small spatial scales. Significant correlations in genetic patterns of microsatellite markers among three species, kelp bass Paralabrax clathratus, Kellet’s whelk Kelletia kelletii and California spiny lobster Panulirus interruptus, in the Southern California Bight suggest that slight differences in diversity and pairwise differentiation across sampling sites are not simply noise or chaotic patchiness, but are ecologically meaningful. To test whether interspecies correlations potentially result from shared environmental drivers of genetic patterns, we assembled data on kelp bed size, sea surface temperature and estimates of site‐to‐site migration probability derived from a high resolution multi‐year ocean circulation model. These data served as predictor variables in linear models of genetic diversity and linear mixed models of genetic differentiation that were assessed with information–theoretic model selection. Kelp was the most informative predictor of genetics for all three species, but ocean circulation also played a minor role for kelp bass. The shared patterns suggest a single spatial marine management strategy may effectively protect genetic diversity of multiple species. This study demonstrates the power of environmental and ecological data to shed light on weak genetic patterns and highlights the need for future focus on a mechanistic understanding of the links between oceanography, ecology and genetic structure.
Seascape genetics along a steep cline: using genetic patterns to test predictions of marine larval dispersal
Authors: GALINDO HEATHER M. , PFEIFFER‐HERBERT ANNA S. , McMANUS MARGARET A. , CHAO YI , CHAI FEI , PALUMBI STEPHEN R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractCoupled biological and physical oceanographic models are powerful tools for studying connectivity among marine populations because they simulate the movement of larvae based on ocean currents and larval characteristics. However, while the models themselves have been parameterized and verified with physical empirical data, the simulated patterns of connectivity have rarely been compared to field observations. We demonstrate a framework for testing biological‐physical oceanographic models by using them to generate simulated spatial genetic patterns through a simple population genetic model, and then testing these predictions with empirical genetic data. Both agreement and mismatches between predicted and observed genetic patterns can provide insights into mechanisms influencing larval connectivity in the coastal ocean. We use a high‐resolution ROMS‐CoSINE biological‐physical model for Monterey Bay, California specifically modified to simulate dispersal of the acorn barnacle, Balanus glandula. Predicted spatial genetic patterns generated from both seasonal and annual connectivity matrices did not match an observed genetic cline in this species at either a mitochondrial or nuclear gene. However, information from this mismatch generated hypotheses testable with our modelling framework that including natural selection, larval input from a southern direction and/or increased nearshore larval retention might provide a better fit between predicted and observed patterns. Indeed, moderate selection and a range of combined larval retention and southern input values dramatically improve the fit between simulated and observed spatial genetic patterns. Our results suggest that integrating population genetic models with coupled biological‐physical oceanographic models can provide new insights and a new means of verifying model predictions.
Landscape genetics of high mountain frog metapopulations
Authors: MURPHY M. A. , DEZZANI R. , PILLIOD D. S. , STORFER A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractExplaining functional connectivity among occupied habitats is crucial for understanding metapopulation dynamics and species ecology. Landscape genetics has primarily focused on elucidating how ecological features between observations influence gene flow. Functional connectivity, however, may be the result of both these between‐site (landscape resistance) landscape characteristics and at‐site (patch quality) landscape processes that can be captured using network based models. We test hypotheses of functional connectivity that include both between‐site and at‐site landscape processes in metapopulations of Columbia spotted frogs (Rana luteiventris) by employing a novel justification of gravity models for landscape genetics (eight microsatellite loci, 37 sites, n = 441). Primarily used in transportation and economic geography, gravity models are a unique approach as flow (e.g. gene flow) is explained as a function of three basic components: distance between sites, production/attraction (e.g. at‐site landscape process) and resistance (e.g. between‐site landscape process). The study system contains a network of nutrient poor high mountain lakes where we hypothesized a short growing season and complex topography between sites limit R. luteiventris gene flow. In addition, we hypothesized production of offspring is limited by breeding site characteristics such as the introduction of predatory fish and inherent site productivity. We found that R. luteiventris connectivity was negatively correlated with distance between sites, presence of predatory fish (at‐site) and topographic complexity (between‐site). Conversely, site productivity (as measured by heat load index, at‐site) and growing season (as measured by frost‐free period between‐sites) were positively correlated with gene flow. The negative effect of predation and positive effect of site productivity, in concert with bottleneck tests, support the presence of source–sink dynamics. In conclusion, gravity models provide a powerful new modelling approach for examining a wide range of both basic and applied questions in landscape genetics.