bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of prakriti (body constitution) in women of Eastern Maharashtra tribal belt of central India featuring early and premature menopause
Authors: Tawalare Kalpana , Wakde Sayali , Tawalare Kiran A. , Bhamkar Snehal , Bagde Rhutika , Saoji Ajeet , Gode Dilip , Chaudhari Sanjeev , Hazare Shilpa , Khatri Sachin , Pusadekar Yamini , Kanitkar Madhuri 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Prakriti (body constitution) is the essential fundamental of Ayurveda. In female physiology, it plays a crucial role in determining the age of menarche and menopause. Recent research has shown that early menopause occurs in tribal women. Vagbhata states that a kapha dosha pradhan prakriti female has a longer menstrual life [i.e., reproductive period] compared to the vata and pitta prakriti females. This study was done to estimate prakriti in females who attain early and premature menopause in the tribal population to provide optimal care for tribal women through primary and whole health systems.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional questionnaire survey study was carried out in four villages of Nagpur district territory of Eastern Maharashtra, the central zone of India after seeking permission from IEC. A multistage sampling technique was used to select the 80%, and above tribal people, 169 married women who attained early or premature menopause were included. Post-menopausal women were selected for the study, and females with hysterectomy, secondary amenorrhea, and other major illnesses were excluded from the study. Data were collected by survey method with the help of a pre-validated questionnaire.

Observation and Result:
Out of 169 females 57.98% of females were of vata prakriti, 24.85% of females were of pitta prakriti, and 17.15% of females were of kapha prakriti. The prevalence of early or premature menopause of vata prakriti females is 57.98.

Discussion:

Vata dosha characteristics such as ruksha, laghu, sheeta, and khara in vata prakriti females lead to early or premature menopause. To avoid early or premature menopause in tribal females, ghee (ghrit) and milk can be included in dietary habits, lifestyle modification, and awareness counseling may prove beneficial.

Conclusion:
Early or premature menopause is observed largely in vata prakriti females of Nagpur district, Eastern Maharashtra, tribal zone of Central Inda.
Evaluation of the value of chest CT severity score in assessment of COVID-19 severity and short-term prognosis
Authors: Roostaee Ayda , Lima Zeinab Safarpour , Aziz-Ahari Alireza , Doosalivand Hadi , Younesi Ladan 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Evaluations have shown that the severity of pulmonary involvement is very important in the mortality rate of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of chest CT severity score in assessment of COVID-19 severity and short-term prognosis.

Materials and Methods:
This study was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 197 patients, including all patients admitted to Rasoul Akram Hospital, with positive polymerase chain reaction, to investigate the relationship between computed tomography (CT) severity score and mortality. The demographic data and CT scan findings (including the pattern, side, and distribution of involvement), co-morbidities, and lab data were collected. Finally, gathered data were analyzed by SPSS-26.

Results:
119 (60.4%) patients were male, and 78 (39.6%) were female. The mean age was 58.58 ± 17.3 years. Totally, 61 patients died; of those, 41 (67.2%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), so there was a significant relation between death and ICU admission (P value = 0.000). Diabetes was the most common co-morbidity, followed by hypertension and IHD. There was no significant relation between co-morbidities and death (P value = 0.13). The most common patterns of CTs were interlobular septal thickening and ground glass opacities, and a higher CT severity score was in the second week from the onset of symptoms, which was associated with more mortality (P value < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our study showed that a patient with a higher CT severity score of the second week had a higher risk of mortality. Also, association of the CT severity score, laboratory data, and symptoms could be applicable in predicting the patient’s condition.
Mind the gap in kidney care: Translating what we know into what we do
Authors: Luyckx Valerie A. , Tuttle Katherine R. , Abdellatif Dina , Correa-Rotter Ricardo , Fung Winston W. S. , Haris Agnès , Hsiao Li-Li , Khalife Makram , Kumaraswami Latha A. , Loud Fiona , Raghavan Vasundhara , Roumeliotis Stefanos , Sierra Marianella , Ulasi Ifeoma , Wang Bill , Lui Siu-Fai , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Balducci Alessandro ,   for the World Kidney Day Joint Steering Committee
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTHistorically, it takes an average of 17 years to move new treatments from clinical evidence to daily practice. Given the highly effective treatments now available to prevent or delay kidney disease onset and progression, this is far too long. The time is now to narrow the gap between what we know and what we do. Clear guidelines exist for the prevention and management of common risk factors for kidney disease, such as hypertension and diabetes, but only a fraction of people with these conditions worldwide are diagnosed, and even fewer are treated to target. Similarly, the vast majority of people living with kidney disease are unaware of their condition because in the early stages, it is often silent. Even among patients who have been diagnosed, many do not receive appropriate treatment for kidney disease. Considering the serious consequences of kidney disease progression, kidney failure, or death, it is imperative that treatments are initiated early and appropriately. Opportunities to diagnose and treat kidney disease early must be maximized beginning at the primary care level. Many systematic barriers exist, ranging from patient to clinician to health systems to societal factors. To preserve and improve kidney health for everyone everywhere, each of these barriers must be acknowledged so that sustainable solutions are developed and implemented without further delay.
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG in blood donors in a teaching institute from Western part of Maharashtra
Authors: Patil Rajashri A. , Das Nikunja K. , Gandham Nageswari R. , Vyawahare Chanda , Ajagunde Jyoti , Khan Sameena , Ratnakar Parag J. , Ingle Yamini 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
COVID-19 is a disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that has appeared as a global pandemic in recent times. Currently, the transmission rate has slowed down significantly, but the definite pathological reason behind this is still unknown. Therefore, the prevalence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibody must be studied to establish the relation between the rate of transmission and antibody presence.

Materials and Methods:
A clinical assessment was performed to evaluate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies among 299 healthy volunteers in the period of February to May 2021. Serum samples were analyzed using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) technology to detect the presence of IgG antibodies.

Result:
It was observed that 21% of the participants were seropositive, and 78% of the population was seronegative across the different genders. This confirmed that the generation of antibodies is independent of gender. Simultaneously, a t-test was performed that further suggested no statistical correlation between gender and seroprevalence. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis was performed to establish the relation between age and blood group with the seroprevalence. However, there was no statistical relationship found among these parameters.

Conclusion:
This study assisted in examining the underlying causes of high or low seroprevalence among healthy volunteers.
Type-2 diabetes mellitus with or without metabolic syndrome and their associated critical factors: A study from Northern India
Authors: Singhal Arjun Kumar , Singh Gaurav , Singh Shravan Kumar , Karunanand Busi 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is associated with carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism abnormalities. Uncontrolled hyperglycaemia can result in dysfunction of various organs such as eyes, kidneys, nerves, and heart and blood vessels leading to long-term complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, stroke and ischaemia. The main objective of the study was to identify critical factors in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Type 2 DM) with metabolic syndrome (mets) compared with Type 2 DM without mets and their association in the development of Type 2 DM to Type 2 DM with mets and cardiovascular complications. This can aid in improving the clinical management and the consequences of the disease.

Materials and Methods:
The present study was conducted in the Department of Biochemistry, a tertiary care centre in Northern India. All patients who were aged between 35 and 65 years of age were enrolled. Enrolled subjects were divided into three groups, Group I: 50 healthy people; Group II: 50 Type 2 DM without mets; and Group III: 50 Type 2 DM with mets. These patients were subjected to Anthropometric and biochemical parameter assessment.

Results:
On comparing Group III with control and Group II significant difference was observed in these parameters, that is, elevated TGs (P = 0.001), reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level (P = 0.001), elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (0.011), high serum insulin fasting (P = 0.010), weight (P = 0.021), waist circumference (P = 0.001) and BMI (P = 0.001). In the control group, head circumference was significantly lower compared to Group II (P = 0.001) and Group III (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:
On the basis of observed observation, it has been suggested that low enzymatic activity with poor glycaemic control may further progress Type 2 DM into Type 2 DM with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular complications. High hs-CRP concentration and high fasting insulin can be independent predictor of cardiovascular complications.
Premature graying of hairs: Ayurveda perspective
Authors: Choukikar Yogesh Baliram , Katkar Rahul Sambhaji , Acharya Shrinidhi Kumar K 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
One of the unavoidable stages of human existence is aging, which is characterized by ongoing catabolic changes in the body. One of the distinguishing features of animals is hair and greying of hairs is a complex physiological phenomenon that occurs with normal ageing. The hair follicle undergoes both intrinsic (chronologic) and extrinsic (environmental) ageing, similar to the skin. Untimely ageing, also known as Akalaja vriddhavastha (early ageing), is the term used to describe the alterations brought on by a poor diet and lifestyle. Although clinicians frequently observe premature greying of the hair, they have relatively little to offer the patient. The classical Ayurveda as well as contemporary texts are utilized to gather data on pertinent subjects. Ayurveda management of greying of hair is different from contemporary science and it includes principles of Dincharya (daily regimen), Swasthavritta (preventive and promotive health), Achara rasayana (rejuvenation through the right code of conduct), Rasayana (rejuvenation), and use of Keshya (hair growth promoting) drugs. Ayurveda pharmacodynamics (Rasa panchaka) and reported actions on individual herbal drugs give an idea of the potential of Ayurveda to treat the premature greying of hairs efficiently.
The status of fermented preparations in clinical practice: A charaka samhita review
Authors: Tambe Ganesh A , Singh Rohit , Yadav Pramod , Prajapati Pradeep Kumar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The Charak Samhita is well known for its therapeutic results. It uses various dosage forms for treatment of various diseases, so we did an attempt to gather the knowledge of Sandhana Kalpana (fermented formulations) at one place which is scattered throughout the Samhita.To review the concept of Fermented formulations and its mechanism mentioned in clinical domain of Charaka Samhita. This is a review article of fermentative preparation in Charaka Samhita. Charaka Samhita and published literature in various databases/Journals which is a critical review. Charaka Samhita revealed 9 Asava Yoni (base materials used in fermentation) and 84 Asava (fermentative preparation). In Chikitsa of Charaka Samhita, a total of 29 references pertaining to preparation of fermentative formulations along with proportion of ingredients, Drava dravya (liquid), Sandhaneeya Dravya (fermenting materials), Prakshepa Dravya (addictives), Madhura Dravya (sweetening agents), Sandhana patra (fermentation vessel), Patra Samskara (preparation of vessel), method of preparation, Sandhana Sthala (location), time of fermentation and the duration for completion of process have been found, along with many references of various fermentative preparation like Kanji (acidic fermentation by using rice) Souviraka and Tushodaka (by using barley), etc. was found in Kalpa, Chikitsa, and Siddhi Sthana. Various methods of preparation of fermentative preparation are disseminated throughout text of Charaka Samhita. This review may help to aggregate the phenomenon of Fermented formulations along with peculiarities and indications as elucidated by Charaka.
Pharmacognostical and pharmaceutical analysis of “Medhya Rasayana”: A herbal nootropic Ayurveda formulation
Authors: Bavarva Amisha A , Kori Virendra K , Bhinde Sagar M , Harisha C R , Shukla Vinay J 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:

Medhya Rasayana (MR) is a widely used polyherbal formulation containing Brahmi (Bacopa monneri Linn.), Shankhpushpi (Convolvulus pluricaulis Chois), Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), and Guduchi (Tinospora cordifolia Wilsld Miers.). It is being used in psychological, neurological, and developmental disorders since long by Ayurveda practitioners. The pharmacopeial standards of this formulations is not available till date. Earlier few researchers had evaluated this formulation but generating consistent data of any drug is more important to reach the final quality control (QC) parameters. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate MR through pharmacognostical, physiochemical parameters and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting in the process of establishing QC data.

Materials and Methods:
Preauthenticated raw drugs were procured, and MR was prepared at pharmacy, ITRA, Jamnagar. Organoleptic parameters and microscopic analysis of Churna (powder) were done at pharmacognosy department, ITRA, Jamnagar. Physiochemical analysis and HPTLC of MR were done at pharmaceutical laboratory, ITRA, Jamnagar.

Result:
Microscopic features of MR Churna were cross-checked with Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India (API) standards of individual ingredients, and it was found to have characteristics of all ingredients in it. In pharmaceutical parameters, pH value was 6.7, water-soluble extract was 9.8%w/w, methanol-soluble extract was 11.64%w/w, ash value was 8.20%w/w, and loss on drying was 4.01%w/w. HPTLC at 254 and 366 nm showed 6 and 13 spots, respectively.

Conclusion:
This study has generated preliminary data on pharmacognostical, pharmaceutical parameters and HPTLC in addition to reviewed available data of MR Churna. This fingerprinting along with data of previous researchers can be useful for future researchers to reproduce this formulation and to establish quality control parameters of MR Churna.
Effect of Daivavayapashraya Treatment with special reference to Mantra chanting on memory in adolescent children: a nonpharmacological interventional study
Authors: Meghala C , Pant Champa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:

Daivavyapashraya Chikitsa (spiritual therapy) is a nonpharmacological treatment measure, which represents the divine or spiritual aspect of Ayurveda. Mantra (hymns) chanting as spiritual therapy is advocated for various physical and mental disorders in Ayurveda. Smriti (memory) is a recollection of past experiences, and Mana (mind) is the entity responsible for experiencing the present and recalling the past. Chanting hymns is protective of the mind and, hence, is expected to affect memory also. This study was done to see the effect of chanting hymns on memory in adolescent children.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty-five school children between 10 and 14 years of age were enrolled after obtaining consent from parents and assent from children. After obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Ethics Committee, the data collection started on April 11, 2022, and was completed on April 25, 2022. Audio-visual short-term memory was assessed by pen and paper tests. After a session of 15 min of hymns chanting for 15 days, the pen and paper tests were repeated to assess any change in memory. The results were statistically analyzed using the Student’s paired t test.

Results:
A statistically significant increase in short-term memory suggested by improved scores in recalled items and a reduction in incorrect entries after 15 days of hymns chanting was noted. The study showed a visible but statistically insignificant decrease in blood pressure, pulse, and respiratory rate of participants.

Discussion:
Chanting hymns functions through unexplainable modes of action. Udana Vata (Vata seated in the thorax), which is active during hymns chanting is known to stimulate the mind and work on memory. Reduction in anxiety and improvement in attention, these two proven effects of hymns chanting could also have contributed to improved memory.

Conclusion:
Study results suggested that chanting hymns improves short-term memory in adolescent children.
Effect of Vidaryadi Ghrita and Ksheerabala Oil in the management of hearing loss: a case series
Authors: Prajapati Sweta R , Joshi Shraddha , Vaghela D B 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Introduction:

Badhirya (hearing loss) is one among the Karnarogas (ear disease) described by all the Acharyas. It can be correlated with hearing loss or deafness. When Vatadosha, along with Kaphadosha, gets situated in Shabdavahisira, it will block the pathway of Sira and cause Badhirya (hearing loss). Almost 20% of the world’s population, or more than 1.5 billion individuals, suffer from hearing loss. India has a 6.3% prevalence of DHL in 1997, according to the WHO. From 76.5 million in 2008 to 100 million in 2018, it increased in India. With this high prevalence and its effect on the physical, mental, and social life of the patients, it’s important to find a cure for hearing loss. At least giving a better state from earlier conditions will also count in the efforts. In Ayurveda, treatment of Badhirya (hearing loss) includes Ghritapana, Rasayana Chikitsa (immunomodulation therapy), Nasya (nasal drops), Karnapoorana (ear drops), etc. And it is more effective and cost-effective too.

Materials and Methods:
Here, four patients aged between 18 and 30 years with complaints of hearing loss were selected. All patients were intervened with Vidaryadi Ghritapana (Vaidyaratnam Oushadhalaya, Thrissur, Kerala) Ksheerabala Taila (101 Avarti) (Nagarjuna Pharma, Kerala) Nasya (Nasal drops), Asanabilwadi Taila (Nagarjuna pharma, Kerala) Karnapoorana (Ear drops), Sarivaadi Vati (ITRA pharmacy) and Ashwaghabdhadi Churna (Anubhuta Yoga) (ITRA pharmacy) for 4 months. Follow-up of 2 months at intervals of 15 days was done in all the patients.

Result:
All patients showed gradual improvement in the conditions. Among four patients, the first patient showed significant improvement, and the other three showed marked improvement.

Conclusion:
It shows that the Vidaryadi Ghritapana, Ksheerabala Taila (101 Avarti) Nasya (nasal drops), Asanavilwadi Taila Karnapoorana (ear drops) along with oral medications are good choices of intervention for the management of Badhirya (hearing loss).
Clinicopathological Profile of Primary Gastric Lymphoma - A Retrospective and Observational Study
Authors: Mehta Ritu , Yadav Rashmi , Chawla Naveen 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) accounts for <15% of all the gastric malignances and <2% of all the lymphomas. Although they can involve any part of gastric tract, however, stomach is predominantly involved. Clinically, it is difficult to diagnose gastric lymphoma as it does not present with specific symptoms.

Materials and Methods:
It was a retrospective study carried out from July 16 to July 20. Patient's data were obtained from clinical record sheets. Histopathological examination was performed followed by panel of immunohistochemistry with leukocyte common antigen, CD 3, CD138, CD10, CD5, CD79a, CD20, Bcl-2, Bcl-6, Cyclin D1, and Ki-67. Further subtyping of gastric NHL was done using immunohistochemistry.

Results:
A total of 30 patients of PGL were included in the study. There were 23 males and 7 females, with M:F of 3.1:1. The mean age of presentation was 53 years. Abdominal pain and dyspepsia were common symptoms at presentation. Gastric antrum was the common site of involvement. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma germinal center type was the most common histological variant seen in the present study. Helicobacter pylori was seen in 9 cases (30%) cases. Majority of patients were diagnosed in Stage II and III.

Conclusion:
PGL clinically is difficult to diagnose because of its nonspecific symptoms. Endoscopic examination should be done in such patients. All these suspicious patients should undergo biopsy examination of the lesion.
Early Neurodevelopmental Intervention
Authors: Thergaonkar Neerja , Thergaonkar Ranjeet W , Thakur Manisha , Nagamani Bala , Bhat Vivek 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Early intervention programs for developmental disabilities are often not available in India due to non-availability of resources. The objective of this prospective observational study was to measure the efficacy of an early intervention program for neurodevelopmental disabilities in a mid-sized hospital.

Methods:
The study enrolled infants and toddlers aged 1-30 months who were at risk for, suspected to have or diagnosed with developmental delay. Infants and toddlers with medical instability and profound developmental delay at first assessment were excluded. The patients were tested using Developmental Assessment Scale for Indian Infants (DASII) at first visit after which individualized intervention plans based on modules devised by National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities (NIEPID) were instituted. Reassessment using DASII was performed during subsequent visits.

Results:
Twenty infants and toddlers were enrolled from 2017-2019. Improvement or stable status was noted in 18/28 patients in both mental and motor domains. Of the remaining 10, no improvement or regression was noted in (a) both mental and motor domains in three patients (b) mental domain only in five patients and (c) motor domain alone in two patients.

Discussion:
Early remedial intervention using indigenous instruments/tools is feasible, pragmatic, and effective in a resource-constrained setting.