bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POPULATION DEMOGRAPHICS OF CATOSTOMIDS IN LARGE RIVER ECOSYSTEMS: EFFECTS OF DISCHARGE AND TEMPERATURE ON RECRUITMENT DYNAMICS AND GROWTH
Authors: Quist M. C. , Spiegel J. R. 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTCatostomids are among the most widespread and ecologically important groups of fishes in North America, particularly in large river systems. Despite their importance, little information is available on their population demographics and even less is known about factors influencing their population dynamics. The objectives of this study were to describe annual mortality, recruitment variation, and growth of eight catostomid species, and to evaluate the effects of discharge and temperature on year‐class strength and growth in Iowa rivers. Catostomids were sampled from 3‐km reaches in four nonwadable rivers during June–August 2009. Northern hogsucker, Hypentelium nigricans, golden redhorse, Moxostoma erythrurum, and shorthead redhorse, M. macrolepidotum, typically lived 6–8 years, had very stable recruitment, and had high total annual mortality (i.e., 40–60%). Golden redhorse exhibited the fastest growth of all species. Growth of northern hogsucker and shorthead redhorse was intermediate to the other catostomids. Highfin carpsucker, Carpiodes velifer, quillback, Carpiodes cyprinus, and white sucker, Catostomus commersonii, had high growth rates, low mortality (i.e., 25–30%), and relatively stable recruitment. River carpsucker, Carpiodes carpio, and silver redhorse, M. anisurum, had higher maximum ages (up to age 11), slower growth, lower total annual mortality (20–25%), and higher recruitment variability than the other species. Neither discharge nor temperature was strongly related to recruitment of catostomids. In contrast, several interesting patterns were observed with regard to growth. Species (e.g., carpsuckers, Carpiodes spp.) that typically consume prey items most common in fine substrates (e.g., chironomids) had higher growth rates in reaches dominated by sand and silt substrate. Species (e.g., northern hogsucker) that consume prey associated with large substrates (e.g., plecopterans) had much faster growth in reaches with a high proportion of rocky substrates. Temperature was weakly related to growth of catostomids; however, discharge explained a substantial amount of the variation in growth of nearly all species. Results of this study provide important information on the autecology of catostomids that can be used for comparison among species and systems. These data also suggest that connection of rivers with their floodplain is an important feature for catostomids in temperate river systems. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Clairvoyant scheduling of random walks
Authors: Gács Peter 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTwo infinite walks on the same finite graph are called compatible if it is possible to introduce delays into them in such a way that they never collide. Years ago, Peter Winkler asked the question: for which graphs are two independent random walks compatible with positive probability. Up to now, no such graphs were found. We show in this paper that large complete graphs have this property. The question is equivalent to a certain dependent percolation with a power‐law behavior: the probability that the origin is blocked at distance n but not closer decreases only polynomially fast and not, as usual, exponentially. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 2011
A Review of Utopian Themes in Sustainable Development Discourse
Authors: Harlow John , Golub Aaron , Allenby Braden 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTSustainable development is commonly traced to the ‘Bruntland Report’. However, its origins wind their way back through earlier UN conferences, 18th and 19th century political economic thought, Rousseauian ideals, the modernism founded on Bacon and Descartes, early Christian utopianism, and classical utopias such as Republic and New Atlantis, which expressed themes of social justice, environmental stewardship and economic growth. This article follows these utopian themes back through the history of sustainable development thought, relying on contemporary histories and reviews of the field as well as certain original texts. We also identify these threads within, and their impact upon, contemporary narratives and debates. We conclude with the suggestion that awareness of these discursive streams can assist in the effective use of the tools and concepts available for sustainable development efforts. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Concise Review: Challenging the Pluripotency of Human Testis-Derived ESC-like Cells
Authors: Tapia Natalia , Araúzo-Bravo Marcos J. , Ko Kinarm , Schöler Hans R. 
Published: June 2011

Abstract
Several research groups have claimed to have successfully generated pluripotent or multipotent cells from human testis. However, the pluripotent character of those cells with respect to gene expression profile and ability to generate teratomas has been called into question. Here, we critically review these reports and provide insight to guide future studies on the derivation of human pluripotent cells from testicular tissue.
A framework for scaffolding students' assessment of the credibility of evidence
Authors: Nicolaidou Iolie , Kyza Eleni A. , Terzian Frederiki , Hadjichambis Andreas , Kafouris Dimitris 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAssessing the credibility of evidence in complex, socio‐scientific problems is of paramount importance. However, there is little discussion in the science education literature on this topic and on how students can be supported in developing such skills. In this article, we describe an instructional design framework, which we call the Credibility Assessment Framework, to scaffold high school students' collaborative construction of evidence‐based decisions and their assessment of the credibility of evidence. The framework was employed for the design of a web‐based reflective inquiry environment on a socio‐scientific issue, and was enacted with 11th grade students. The article describes the components of the Credibility Assessment Framework and provides the details and results of an empirical study illustrating this framework in practice. The results are presented in the form of a case study of how 11th grade students investigated and evaluated scientific data relating to the cultivation of genetically modified plants. Multiple kinds of data were collected, including pre‐ and post‐tests of students' conceptual understanding and their skills in assessing the credibility of evidence, and videotapes of students' collaborative inquiry sessions. The analysis of the pre‐ and post‐tests on students' conceptual understanding of Biotechnology and their skills in assessing the credibility of evidence revealed statistically significant learning gains. Students' work in task‐related artifacts and the analysis of two groups' videotaped discussions showed that students became sensitive to credibility criteria, questioned the sources of data and correctly identified sources of low, moderate, and high credibility. Implications for designers and educators regarding the application of this framework are discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 711–744, 2011
Schizencephaly prevalence, prenatal diagnosis and clues to etiology: a register‐based study
Authors: Howe D. T. , Rankin J. , Draper E. S. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractObjectivesTo establish the prevalence and antenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly in the UK.MethodsData on schizencephaly were extracted from six regional congenital anomaly registers.ResultsThirty‐eight cases of schizencephaly were identified in 2 567 165 livebirths and stillbirths, giving a total prevalence of 1.48/100 000 births (95% CI, 1.01–1.95). Eighteen (47% (95% CI, 31–63%)) of the 38 cases were identified antenatally. No affected fetus had an abnormal karyotype identified. A high proportion of cases of schizencephaly occurred in younger mothers: 63% were aged 24 years or less, significantly higher (P < 0.0001) than the corresponding proportion (26%) of mothers in England and Wales. The majority of cases were not identified until after 22 weeks of pregnancy. Additional anomalies associated with vascular disruption sequences were found in eight cases which had septo‐optic dysplasia or absent septum pellucidum, one of which also had gastroschisis.ConclusionsSchizencephaly occurs more frequently in the fetuses of younger mothers. It is often associated with septo‐optic dysplasia, suggesting that the two conditions may share a common origin, arising as a result of destructive processes that cause changes in the brain which only become apparent on ultrasound in the second half of pregnancy. Copyright © 2011 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Outage analysis of blind cooperative diversity
Authors: Tourki Kamel , Alouini Mohamed‐Slim 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTMobile users with single antennas can still take advantage of spatial diversity through cooperative space–time‐encoded transmission. In this paper, we considered a scheme in which a relay chooses to cooperate only if its source–relay channel is of an acceptable quality, and we evaluate the usefulness of relaying when the source acts blindly and ignores the decision of the relays whether they may cooperate or not. In our study, we consider the regenerative relays in which the decisions to cooperate are based on a targeted end‐to‐end data rate R. We derived the end‐to‐end outage probability for a transmission rate R and a code rate ρ and look at a power allocation strategy between the source and the relays in order to minimize the end‐to‐end outage probability at the destination for high signal‐to‐noise ratio, by using the golden section search method. Performance results show that the computer simulations‐based results coincide with our analytical results. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties of Four Metal Complexes with Mulitdentate N‐Acyl‐Salicylhydrazide Ligands
Authors: Liu Dongcheng , Chen Zilu , Qin Suni , Huang Wanyun , Jiang Liping , Liang Fupei 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe reactions of the new nitrilotriacetic acid N′,N′,N′‐tri(salicyloyl)trihydrazide (Ntash) with the corresponding metal salts gave four new complexes [Pb4(bshz)2]·2DMF (1), [Co2(bshz)(C5H5N)6]·2ClO4·(C5H5N)·2H2O (2), [Cu3(fshz)2(C5H5N)2] (3), and [Zn3(fshz)2(C5H5N)3]n·2DMF (4), in which two multidentate ligands, namely N,N′‐disalicyloylhydrazine (H4bshz) and N‐formylsalicylhydrazide (H3fshz) were generated in situ from Ntash. The structures of these complexes were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 presents a novel tetranuclear lead(II) cluster structure with the four lead(II) cations in “hemidirected” coordination spheres. The neighboring tetranuclear clusters of 1 are connected by DMF molecules through weak Pb–O bonds, forming one‐dimensional ribbons. Complexes 2 and 3 show dinuclear and linear trinuclear structures with the corresponding CoIII and CuII ions in distorted octahedral and square‐planar coordination environments, respectively. Complex 4 exhibits a one‐dimensional zigzag chain structure. The magnetic properties of 3 and the photoluminescent properties of 4 were also investigated.
Syntheses and Structures of Nitridorhenium(V) and Nitridotechnetium(V) Complexes with N,N‐[(Dialkylamino)(thiocarbonyl)]‐N′‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)benzamidines
Authors: Nguyen Hung Huy , Trieu Thi Nguyet , Abram Ulrich 
Published: June 2011

Abstract[MNCl2(PPh3)2] complexes (M = Re, Tc) react with N‐[(dialkylamino)(thiocarbonyl)]‐N′‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)benzamidines (H2L1) with formation of neutral, five‐coordinate nitrido complexes of the composition [MN(L1)(PPh3)]. The products have distorted square‐pyramidal coordination spheres with each a tridentate, double‐deprotonated benzamidine and a PPh3 ligand in their basal planes.
A phase II study of oral S‐1 with concurrent radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy with S‐1 alone for locally advanced pancreatic cancer
Authors: Shinchi Hiroyuki , Maemura Kosei , Mataki Yuko , Kurahara Hiroshi , Sakoda Masahiko , Ueno Shinichi , Hiraki Yoshiyuki , Nakajo Masayuki , Natsugoe Shoji , Takao Sonshin 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground/purposeS‐1 is a new oral fluoropyrimidine anticancer agent shown to be effective for pancreatic cancer. In a previous phase I trial, we evaluated the safety of S‐1 combined with radiotherapy to determine the maximum tolerated dose and dose‐limiting toxicity in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. The recommended dose of S‐1 for phase II trials of chemoradiotherapy was determined as 80 mg/m2/day given on days 1–21 of a 28‐day cycle. This phase II study was conducted to further evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of radiotherapy combined with S‐1 (UMIN000004794).MethodsEligible patients had locally advanced and unresectable pancreatic cancer without distant metastases, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0–1, adequate organ and marrow functions, and no prior anticancer therapy. Patients initially received 4 weeks of chemoradiotherapy. S‐1 was given orally at a dose of 80 mg/m2/day twice daily on days 1–21. Radiotherapy was delivered in fractions of 1.25 Gy twice daily, 5 days per week for 4 weeks (total dose: 50 Gy in 40 fractions). One month after the completion of chemoradiotherapy, S‐1 was administered for 14 days followed by a 14‐day rest period. This cycle was repeated as maintenance therapy until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.ResultsFifty patients were enrolled in this phase II study. Median follow‐up was 14.6 months (range 5.4–58.9 months). Forty‐three patients (86%) completed the scheduled course of chemoradiotherapy. There was no treatment‐related death or grade 4 toxicity. The major toxic effects were leukopenia and nausea. The objective tumor response according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours criteria was partial response in 15 patients (30%) (95% confidence interval (CI), 18–45%), stable disease in 23 (46%), and progressive disease in 12 (24%). Median progression‐free survival and median overall survival were 6.7 months (95% CI, 4.7–11.2 months) and 14.3 months (95% CI, 10.8–20.8 months), respectively. Survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 62 and 27%, respectively.ConclusionsCombination therapy with S‐1 and radiation in patients with locally advanced and unresectable pancreatic cancer is considered a promising, well‐tolerated regimen that can be recommended as an effective treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
Evaluation of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia and mucin expression in normal pancreata
Authors: Matsuyama Masato , Kondo Fukuo , Ishihara Takeshi , Yamaguchi Taketo , Ito Ryu , Tsuyuguchi Toshio , Tawada Katsunobu , Yokosuka Osamu 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground/purposeIt has been suggested that pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) are closely related, but several reports indicate PanIN lesions can also be found in normal pancreata (normal PanINs). We examined differences in mucin expression between normal PanIN lesions and PanINs in PDACs (PDAC PanINs).MethodsWe examined 54 autopsied normal pancreata and eight autopsied PDACs for PanIN lesions; graded the pancreata specimens as PanIN‐1A (non‐papillary hyperplasia), PanIN‐1B (papillary hyperplasia), PanIN‐2 (atypical hyperplasia) or PanIN‐3 (carcinoma in situ); and tested the PanIN lesions for expression of MUC1 (pan‐epithelial membrane‐associated mucin) and MUC5AC (gastric secretory mucin) which were both previously detected in PDACs.ResultsIn normal PanIN‐1A, PanIN‐1B and PanIN‐2 specimens, MUC1 was expressed in 2.8, 10.5 and 9.1%, respectively, compared to 19.1, 27.6 and 13.0% in PDAC PanIN‐1A, PanIN‐1B and PanIN‐2 specimens, respectively. MUC5AC was expressed in 41.0, 65.7 and 36.4% of normal PanIN‐1A, PanIN‐1B and PanIN‐2 specimens, respectively, and in 80.9, 75.8 and 78.3% of PDAC PanIN‐1A, PanIN‐1B and PanIN‐2 specimens, respectively. Differences in the frequency of MUC1 expression were significant between normal and PDAC PanIN‐1A (p < 0.0001) and PanIN‐1B (p < 0.05); and differences in the frequency of MUC5AC expression were significant between normal and PDAC PanIN‐1A (p < 0.0001) and PanIN‐2 (p < 0.05).ConclusionsNormal PanIN and PDAC PanIN lesions differed in the rates of MUC1 and MUC5AC expression.
Ischemic preconditioning prior to intermittent Pringle maneuver in liver resections
Authors: Winbladh Anders , Björnsson Bergthor , Trulsson Lena , Offenbartl Karsten , Gullstrand Per , Sandström Per 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground/PurposeContinuous inflow vascular occlusion during liver resections causes less severe ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) if it is preceded by ischemic preconditioning (IP) or if intermittent inflow occlusion is used during the resection. No previous clinical trial has studied the effects of adding IP to intermittent inflow occlusion.MethodsConsecutive patients (n = 32) with suspicion of malignant liver disease had liver resections (minimum 2 segments) performed with inflow occlusion (intermittent clamping in a manner of 15 min of ischemia and 5 min of reperfusion repetitively; 15/5). Half of the patients were randomized to receive IP (10 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion before parenchymal transection; 10/10). The patients were stratified according to volume of resection and none had chronic liver disease. The patients were followed for 5 days with microdialysis (μD).ResultsAll patients completed the study and there were no deaths. No differences were seen between the groups regarding demographics or perioperative parameters (bleeding, duration of ischemia, resection volume, complications, and serum laboratory tests). There were no differences in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin, or prothrombin time (PT)‐INR levels, but μD revealed lower levels of lactate, pyruvate, and glucose in the IP group having major liver resections (analysis of variance; ANOVA). Nitrite and nitrate levels in μD decreased postoperatively, but no differences were seen between the groups. In one patient an elevated μD–glycerol curve was seen before the diagnosis of a stroke was made.ConclusionsIP before intermittent vascular occlusion does not reduce the serum parameters used to assess IRI. IP seems to improve aerobic glucose metabolism, as the levels of glucose, pyruvate, and lactate locally in the liver were reduced, compared to controls, in patients having >3 segments resected. μD may be used to monitor metabolism locally.
Stent selection for both biliary and pancreatic strictures caused by chronic pancreatitis: multiple plastic stents or metallic stents?
Authors: Gupta Rajesh , Reddy D. Nageshwar 
Published: June 2011

AbstractEndoscopic stenting is an effective treatment option in the management of both benign biliary strictures and pancreatic ductal strictures. Plastic stents and self‐expandable metal stents have been used with variable success for the management of both benign biliary strictures and pancreatic ductal strictures caused by chronic pancreatitis. Fully covered self‐expandable metal stents of improved design represent a major technological advance which has added to the endoscopic armamentarium. Both multiple plastic stents and covered self‐expandable metal stents have shown promising results. However, data to support the use of self‐expandable metal stents over multiple plastic stents or vice versa are still lacking.
Comparison of axial force and cell width of self‐expandable metallic stents: which type of stent is better suited for hilar biliary strictures?
Authors: Mukai Tsuyoshi , Yasuda Ichiro , Isayama Hiroyuki , Nakashima Masanori , Doi Shinpei , Iwashita Takuji , Iwata Keisuke , Kato Tomohiro , Tomita Eiichi , Moriwaki Hisataka 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackgroundVarious types of self‐expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) are commercially available. However, few reports have compared the performance of the various SEMSs. In addition to long‐term patency, maneuverability during initial placement and feasibility of re‐intervention for the stent occlusion are also very important.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, we compared the duration of stent patency and frequency of re‐interventions in 96 patients diagnosed with unresectable hilar biliary strictures in whom initial 10‐mm SEMSs were inserted between June 1999 and November 2008.ResultsBased on Kaplan–Meier curves, significantly shorter patency duration was noted for SEMSs with moderate axial force (AF) than for other groups of SEMSs with low AF. Endoscopic re‐interventions for SEMS occlusion were easier in a group of SEMSs with low AF and large cell width than in other groups of SEMSs.ConclusionsWith respect to patency duration and the frequency of re‐intervention required, we consider that SEMSs with low AF and large cell width are favorable for hilar biliary strictures.
Expression of a behaviourally mediated morphology in response to different predators
Authors: Boyero Luz 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe risk of predation generally entails alterations in prey behaviour or morphology, but only a few organisms, such as caddisfly larvae, are able to undergo rapid morphological changes mediated by behaviour. Here I explore whether predatory fish (Squalius pyrenaicus) and crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) provoke similar responses from caddisfly larvae (Calamoceras marsupus) in terms of the speed of case construction and the use of different materials differing in their protective value (sticks > leaves; tough leaves > soft leaves). Laboratory experiments demonstrated that C. marsupus larvae were able to recognise both types of predators, and responded to them by constructing a case within hours. Moreover, predation risk motivated the use of more protective materials for case construction when compared to controls. The response to the crayfish was faster than that to the fish, which could be related to differences in the nature and predation efficiency of different predators (i.e. crayfish may be more efficient at predating on leaf litter‐dwelling invertebrates than fish, which live in the water column). This study provides novel evidence about the expression of morphological defences mediated by behavioural responses to predation risk, and demonstrates that the speed of case construction and its resulting protection level can vary depending on predator nature.
LipidomeDB Data Calculation Environment: Online Processing of Direct‐Infusion Mass Spectral Data for Lipid Profiles
Authors: Zhou Zhenguo , Marepally Shantan Reddy , Nune Daya Sagar , Pallakollu Prashanth , Ragan Gail , Roth Mary R. , Wang Liangjiang , Lushington Gerald H. , Visvanathan Mahesh , Welti Ruth 
Published: June 2011

AbstractLipidomeDB Data Calculation Environment (DCE) is a web application to quantify complex lipids by processing data acquired after direct infusion of a lipid‐containing biological extract, to which a cocktail of internal standards has been added, into an electrospray source of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. LipidomeDB DCE is located on the public Internet at http://lipidome.bcf.ku.edu:9000/Lipidomics. LipidomeDB DCE supports targeted analyses; analyte information can be entered, or pre‐formulated lists of typical plant or animal polar lipid analytes can be selected. LipidomeDB DCE performs isotopic deconvolution and quantification in comparison to internal standard spectral peaks. Multiple precursor or neutral loss spectra from up to 35 samples may be processed simultaneously with data input as Excel files and output as tables viewable on the web and exportable in Excel. The pre‐formulated compound lists and web access, used with direct‐infusion mass spectrometry, provide a simple approach to lipidomic analysis, particularly for new users.