bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural Diversity of Sn(II) Phosphine Oxide Complexes with Weakly Coordinating Anions and Comparisons with Related Ge(II) and Pb(II) Species
Authors: King Rhys P. , Cairns Kelsey R. , Denman Charlotte , Levason William , Light Mark E. , Reid Gillian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA series of tin(II) triflate phosphine oxide complexes has been prepared from the reaction of Sn(OTf)2 (OTf− = [O3SCF3]−) with various ratios of OPPh3, OPMe3 or dppmO2 (dppmO2 = Ph2(O)PCH2P(O)Ph2). The complexes [Sn(OPPh3)n][OTf]2 (n = 2, 3 or 4), [Sn(OPMe3)n][OTf]2 (n = 2 or 3) and [Sn(dppmO2)n][OTf]2 (n = 1 or 2) have been isolated in moderate to good yields. Selected germanium(II) and lead(II) analogues have been made for comparison, namely [Ge(OPPh3)n][OTf]2 (n = 2 or 3) and [Pb(OPR3)4][OTf]2 (R = Me, Ph). The effect of changing the weakly coordinating OTf− anion for the non‐coordinating [BArF]− anion was investigated through anion metathesis, furnishing the complexes [Sn(OPPh3)n][BArF]2 (n = 3 or 4) and [Ge(OPPh3)3][BArF]2. The isolated solids were characterised by 1H, 19F{1H}, 31P{1H} and IR spectroscopy and microanalysis. Crystal structures were obtained for all complexes except [Ge(OPPh3)2][OTf]2 and [Sn(OPPh3)3][BArF]2, allowing comparisons of the structural features of these divalent group 14 complexes down the group and as a function of coordination number, ligand sterics and electronics.
Optimizing exercise prescription during breast cancer rehabilitation in women: Analysis of the load–velocity relationship in the box squat exercise
Authors: Díez‐Fernández David M. , Esteban‐Simón Alba , Baena‐Raya Andrés , Rodríguez‐Rosell David , Conceição Filipe , Rodríguez‐Pérez Manuel A. , Soriano‐Maldonado Alberto 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe aims of this study were to assess (i) the load–velocity relationship during the box squat exercise in women survivors of breast cancer, (ii) which velocity variable (mean velocity [MV], mean propulsive velocity [MPV], or peak velocity [PV]) shows stronger relationship with the relative load (%1RM), and (iii) which regression model (linear [LA] or polynomic [PA]) provides a greater fit for predicting the velocities associated with each %1RM. Nineteen women survivors of breast cancer (age: 53.2 ± 6.9 years, weight: 70.9 ± 13.1 kg, and height: 163.5 ± 7.4 cm) completed an incremental load test up to one‐repetition maximum in the box squat exercise. The MV, MPV, and the PV were measured during the concentric phase of each repetition with a linear velocity transducer. These measurements were analyzed by regression models using LA and PA. Strong correlations of MV with %1RM (R2 = 0.903/0.904; the standard error of the estimate (SEE) = 0.05 m.s−1 by LA/PA) and MPV (R2 = 0.900; SEE = 0.06 m.s−1 by LA and PA) were observed. In contrast, PV showed a weaker association with %1RM (R2 = 0.704; SEE = 0.15 m.s−1 by LA and PA). The MV and MPV of 1RM was 0.22 ± 0.04 m·s−1, whereas the PV at 1RM was 0.63 ± 0.18 m.s−1. These findings suggest that the use of MV to prescribe relative loads during resistance training, as well as LA and PA regression models, accurately predicted velocities for each %1RM. Assessing and prescribing resistance exercises during breast cancer rehabilitation can be facilitated through the monitoring of movement velocity.
Establishment of a nonradioactive DNA ligation assay and its applications in murine tissues
Authors: Friese Sharleen , Heinze Tom , Ebert Franziska , Schwerdtle Tanja 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAs final process of every DNA repair pathway, DNA ligation is crucial for maintaining genomic stability and preventing DNA strand breaks to accumulate. Therefore, a method reliably assessing DNA ligation capacity in protein extracts from murine tissues was aimed to establish. To optimize applicability, the use of radioactively labeled substrates was avoided and replaced by fluorescently labeled oligonucleotides. Briefly, tissue extracts were incubated with those complementary oligonucleotides so that in an ensuing gel electrophoresis ligated strands could be separated from unconnected molecules. Originally, the method was intended for use in cerebellum tissue to further elucidate possible mechanisms of neurodegenerative diseases. However, due to its inhomogeneous anatomy, DNA ligation efficiency varied strongly between different cerebellar areas, illuminating the established assay to be suitable only for homogenous organs. Thus, for murine liver tissue sufficient intra‐ and interday repeatability was shown during validation. In further experiments, the established assay was applied to an animal study comprising young and old (24 and 110 weeks) mice which showed that DNA ligation efficiency was affected by neither sex nor age. Finally, the impact of in vitro addition of the trace elements copper, iron, and zinc on DNA ligation in tissue extracts was investigated. While all three metals inhibited DNA ligation, variations in their potency became evident. In conclusion, the established method can be reliably used for investigation of DNA ligation efficiency in homogenous murine tissues.
The health costs associated with “looking forward to success”: Educational expectations and children's health
Authors: Liu Yiwei , Su Yuting , Liu Keshan , Jin Zhiyan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study examines the impact of the deviation between parents' educational expectations and children's educational expectations on children's health. This study based on the data from Chinese Family Panel Studies conducted in 2018 and 2020, The participants were 2340 children aged 10–15 years (1310 boys, 1030 girls) in China. We found that when parents' educational expectations are higher than their children's educational expectations, they have a negative impact on children's health status. According to the influence mechanism, the higher the parents' expectations of education are, the greater children's remedial behaviour will be, the less leisure time will be, which will adversely affect children's health. Furthermore, we found that a good parent–child relationship moderated the negative impact of the deviation in parent–child educational expectations on children's health. Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy development of children, it is necessary to resolve the adverse effects of the deviation in parent–child educational expectations by arranging tutoring and leisure time rationally and establishing a good parent–child relationship.
Electronic health record‐integrated questionnaires in colorectal surgery patients as a new standard: Could preoperative bowel function be used to predict postoperative patient‐reported outcomes?
Authors: Cai Ming , Blythe Noah , Jo Alice , Wong Sandra L. , Mayo Sara W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPatient‐reported bowel function has been previously shown to correlate with quality of life and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) after colorectal surgery. We examined the relationship between preoperative patient‐reported bowel function and postoperative symptom reporting using an electronic health record‐integrated symptom management (eSyM).MethodsPatients who underwent major abdominal surgery for colorectal cancer at a single institution were included. Preoperative bowel function was assessed prospectively using the validated colorectal functional outcome (COREFO) questionnaire. Patients with electronic portal access received automated eSyM questionnaires after discharge. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between COREFO scores and eSyM use.Results169 patients underwent surgery between April 2020 and June 2022 (median age 64, 46.7% female). 148 completed COREFO questionnaires preoperatively; 54 (36.5%) had scores ≥15. Of the 108 patients with portal access, 67.6% used eSyM postoperatively. Among users, 72.3% (47/73) reported severe symptoms. Those with COREFO scores ≥15 were more likely to use eSyM (80.0% vs. 62.7%) though this difference was not significant (p = 0.079).ConclusionsWe found that eSyM utilization regardless of preoperative baseline bowel function was high in this cohort of colorectal surgery patients. This suggests that electronically captured PROs is an effective way for patients to communicate symptoms to their care teams in a postsurgical setting.
CdTe XG‐Cam: A new high‐resolution x‐ray and gamma‐ray camera for studies of the pharmacokinetics of radiopharmaceuticals in small animals
Authors: Katsuragawa Miho , Yagishita Atsushi , Takeda Shin'ichiro , Minami Takahiro , Ohnuki Kazunobu , Fujii Hirofumi , Takahashi Tadayuki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe recent emergence of targeted radionuclide therapy has increased the demand for imagers capable of visualizing pharmacokinetics in developing radiopharmaceuticals in the preclinical phase. Some radionuclides emit hard x‐rays and gamma‐rays below 100 keV, in which energy range the performance of conventional NaI scintillators is poor. Multipinhole collimators are also used for small animal imaging with a good spatial resolution but have a limited field of view (FOV).PurposeIn this study, a new imager with high sensitivity over a wide FOV in the low‐energy band (100 keV) was developed for the pharmacokinetic study.MethodsWe developed an x‐ray and gamma‐ray camera for high‐resolution spectroscopy, named “CdTe XG‐Cam,” equipped with a cadmium telluride semiconductor detector and a parallel‐hole collimator using a metal 3D printer. To evaluate the camera‐system performance, phantom measurements with single and dual nuclides (, , and were performed. The performance for in vivo imaging was evaluated using tumor‐bearing mice to which a nuclide ( or administered.ResultsWe simultaneously obtained information on and , which emit emission lines in the low‐energy band with peak energies close to each other (23–26 keV for and 27–31 keV for , and applied an analytical method based on spectral model fitting to determine the individual radioactivities accurately. In the small animal imaging, the distributions of the nuclide in tumors were accurately quantified and time‐activity curves in tumors are obtained.ConclusionsThe demonstrated capability of our system to perform in vivo imaging suggests that the camera can be used for applications of pharmacokinetics research.
Efficient 3D cone trajectory design for improved combined angiographic and perfusion imaging using arterial spin labeling
Authors: Shen Qijia , Wu Wenchuan , Chiew Mark , Ji Yang , Woods Joseph G. , Okell Thomas W. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPurposeTo improve the spatial resolution and repeatability of a non‐contrast MRI technique for simultaneous time resolved 3D angiography and perfusion imaging by developing an efficient 3D cone trajectory design.MethodsA novel parameterized 3D cone trajectory design incorporating the 3D golden angle was integrated into 4D combined angiography and perfusion using radial imaging and arterial spin labeling (CAPRIA) to achieve higher spatial resolution and sampling efficiency for both dynamic angiography and perfusion imaging with flexible spatiotemporal resolution. Numerical simulations and physical phantom scanning were used to optimize the cone design. Eight healthy volunteers were scanned to compare the original radial trajectory in 4D CAPRIA with our newly designed cone trajectory. A locally low rank reconstruction method was used to leverage the complementary k‐space sampling across time.ResultsThe improved sampling in the periphery of k‐space obtained with the optimized 3D cone trajectory resulted in improved spatial resolution compared with the radial trajectory in phantom scans. Improved vessel sharpness and perfusion visualization were also achieved in vivo. Less dephasing was observed in the angiograms because of the short TE of our cone trajectory and the improved k‐space sampling efficiency also resulted in higher repeatability compared to the original radial approach.ConclusionThe proposed 3D cone trajectory combined with 3D golden angle ordering resulted in improved spatial resolution and image quality for both angiography and perfusion imaging and could potentially benefit other applications that require an efficient sampling scheme with flexible spatial and temporal resolution.
Data‐driven nonlocal model for fragmentation in the crushing of solids
Authors: Silling Stewart A. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractA technique is proposed for reproducing particle size distributions in three‐dimensional simulations of the crushing and comminution of solid materials. The method is designed to produce realistic distributions over a wide range of loading conditions, especially for small fragments. In contrast to most existing methods, the new model does not explicitly treat the small‐scale process of fracture. Instead, it uses measured fragment distributions from laboratory tests as the basic material property that is incorporated into the algorithm, providing a data‐driven approach. The algorithm is implemented within a nonlocal peridynamic solver, which simulates the underlying continuum mechanics and contact interactions between fragments after they are formed. The technique is illustrated in reproducing fragmentation data from drop weight testing on sandstone samples.
Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis in children: An emerging acute symptomatic seizures
Authors: Wang Duan , Peng Lijuan , Li Tingsong , Xiao Nong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBenign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (CwG) characterized by afebrile seizures that occurred in the acute period of mild gastroenteritis often occur in infancy and toddlers. Until now, it has not been well acknowledged and thereby classified by the International League against Epilepsy (ILAE) as epilepsy syndrome or acute symptomatic seizures (ASS). Thus far, accumulating data suggest that CwG could fit all the mandatory criteria of ASS from the aspects of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and outcomes, rather than epilepsy in spite of the rare cases developing epilepsy over time. This review provides a comprehensive picture of this entity aiming to facilitate the pediatricians, particularly for general practitioners, to better recognize this unique entity and, ultimately, to minimize unnecessary evaluation and treatment.
Molecular structure and conformational properties of triflamide derivatives in the gas phase—Part II: 6‐Iodo‐3‐(triflamidomethyl)‐4‐triflyl‐1,4,2,7‐oxaazadisilepane and 2,2,4,4‐tetramethyl‐6,8‐bis (triflyl)‐3‐oxa‐6,8‐diaza‐2,4‐disilabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane by gas‐phase electron diffraction and theoretical calculations
Authors: Shainyan Bagrat A. , Eroshin Alexey V. , Shlykov Sergey A. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract6‐Iodo‐3‐(triflamidomethyl)‐4‐triflyl‐1,4,2,7‐oxazadisilepane 1 and the product of its cyclization, 2,2,4,4‐tetramethyl‐6,8‐bis (triflyl)‐3‐oxa‐6,8‐diaza‐2,4‐disilabicyclo[3.2.2]nonane 2, have been studied by gas‐phase electron diffraction and DFT calculations. The conformational equilibrium in the gas phase was shown to include three and two conformers for 1 and 2, respectively, in contrast to only one conformer determined by single crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structural analysis of the conformers was performed and the pathways of the conformational transitions were analyzed.
Digital citizen participation in policy conflict and concord: Evaluation of a web‐based planning tool for railroad infrastructure
Authors: Schröder Ilana , Bandelow Nils C. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractInfrastructure siting has been shown to lead to high contestation across political systems. To counteract this, policymaking has introduced participatory instruments that were recently supplemented by web‐based tools. Drawing on theoretical perspectives on policy conflict, this paper investigates how different conflict intensities reflected in public discourses can shape citizens' perceptions on the potential and limitations of digital participation tools. To this end, we conducted a survey experiment with students who evaluated the potential functions of a web‐based tool considering criteria, such as transparency, efficiency, and inclusion of new expertise. Participants were randomly assigned fictitious project descriptions that used either conflict or concord words. The results show that while users see several positive influences of digital tools on increased transparency and inclusivity in participation processes, this perception is negatively influenced by a supposedly high level of conflict. Furthermore, digital public participation in railroad planning is perceived as contributing to decreasing escalation and strengthening the democratic quality of policy processes. However, digital participation can only develop its strengths if there are accompanying measures and discourses to secure trust. In addition, the tool's potential seems to be higher in less escalated conflict situations and fully escalated situations than in asymmetrically escalated conflicts.
Childhood immunization in Ghana: Tracing the history and projecting the future
Authors: Walana Williams , Al‐Azab Mahmoud , Yabasin Iddrisu Baba , Abdul‐Mumin Alhassan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractChildhood immunization has contributed significantly to child survival globally. Ghana adopted the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in the year 1972, and since then Ghana's immunization program has chalked huge successes in disease prevention, particularly the drastic reduction in the incidence of the six childhood killer diseases. Despite these successes, there are shortfalls that affect childhood vaccinations in Ghana. Here, we look at the evolution of childhood vaccine adoption in Ghana, the disease burden in the pre‐vaccination era and the vaccination era, the benefits of the immunization program, and the identified shortfalls. More importantly, the impact of childhood immunization on the current state of vaccine‐preventable diseases and the prospects the future holds for vaccine development and disease prevention in Ghana were discussed. Undoubtedly, Ghana has made significant progress in vaccine adoption and expansion of immunization program, resulting in a significant reduction in vaccine‐preventable deaths particularly in children. However, challenges pertaining to vaccine coverage, periodic shortages of vaccine, untimely immunization, and logistics constraints persist, which need redress. Moreover, there is currently no continuous post‐vaccine surveillance to evaluate long‐term vaccine impact. Additionally, Ghana lacks the technology and skill to manufacture its own vaccines. Following the establishment of the National Vaccine Institute, Ghana should be in the position to start the production of established vaccines such as those covered under EPI, whereas collaborative research is needed to discover new vaccines. Finally, it is critical to network childhood immunization records across the nation to ensure enhanced data for planning.
Implementation of a Multi‐Functional‐Group Strategy for Enhanced Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells through the Incorporation of 3‐Amino‐4‐Phenylbutyric Acid Hydrochloride
Authors: Qi Danyang , Cao Yang , Feng Xiaolong , Ge Jinghao , Yan Nan , Yuan Yin , Zhang Jiafan , Song Fei , Wang Kang , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) , Feng Jiangshan 
Published: May 2024

AbstractReducing the defect density of perovskite films during the crystallization process is critical in preparing high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, a multi‐functional molecule, 3‐phenyl‐4‐aminobutyric acid hydrochloride (APH), with three functional groups including a benzene ring, ─NH3+ and ─COOH, is added into the perovskite precursor solution to improve perovskite crystallization and device performance. The benzene ring increases the hydrophobicity of perovskites, while ─NH3+ and ─COOH passivate defects related to I− and Pb2+, respectively. Consequently, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the optimal device increased to 24.65%. Additionally, an effective area of 1 cm2 with a PCE of 22.45% is also prepared using APH as an additive. Furthermore, PSCs prepared with APH exhibit excellent stability by 87% initial PCE without encapsulation after exposure at room temperature under 25% humidity for 5000 h and retaining 70% of initial PCE after aging at 85 °C in an N2 environment for 864 h.
Achieving Dendrite‐Free and By‐Product‐Free Aqueous Zn‐Ion Battery Anode via Nicotinic Acid Electrolyte Additive with Molecule‐Ion Conversion Mechanism
Authors: Liang Hanhao , Wu Jian , Li Jiaming , Wang Jianglin , Yang Zhanhong , Wu Yuping 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe widespread adoption of aqueous Zn ion batteries is hindered by the instability of the Zn anode. Herein, an elegant strategy is proposed to enhance the stability of Zn anode by incorporating nicotinic acid (NA), an additive with a unique molecule‐ion conversion mechanism, to optimize the anode/electrolyte interface and the typical ZnSO4 electrolyte system. Experimental characterization and theoretical calculations demonstrate that the NA additive preferentially replaces H2O in the original solvation shell and adsorbs onto the Zn anode surface upon conversion from molecule to ion in the electrolyte environment, thereby suppressing side reactions arising from activated H2O decomposition and stochastic growth of Zn dendrites. Simultaneously, such a molecule‐to‐ion conversion mechanism may induce preferential deposition of Zn along the (002) plane. Benefiting from it, the Zn||Zn symmetric battery cycles stably for 2500 h at 1 mA cm−2, 1 mAh cm−2. More encouragingly, the Zn||AC full batteries and the Zn||AC full batteries using NA electrolyte and Zn||VO2 full batteries also exhibit excellent performance improvements. This work emphasizes the role of variation in the form of additives (especially weak acid‐based additives) in fine‐tuning the solvation structure and the anode/electrolyte interface, hopefully enhancing the performance of various aqueous metal batteries.
Genomic prediction of synthetic hexaploid wheat upon tetraploid durum and diploid Aegilops parental pools
Authors: Dreisigacker Susanne , Martini Johannes W. R. , Cuevas Jaime , Pérez‐Rodríguez Paulino , Lozano‐Ramírez Nerida , Huerta Julio , Singh Pawan , Crespo‐Herrera Leonardo , Bentley Alison R. , Crossa Jose 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a globally important food crop, which was domesticated about 8–10,000 years ago. Bread wheat is an allopolyploid, and it evolved from two hybridization events of three species. To widen the genetic base in breeding, bread wheat has been re‐synthesized by crossing durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) and goat grass (Aegilops tauschii Coss), leading to so‐called synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW). We applied the quantitative genetics tools of “hybrid prediction”—originally developed for the prediction of wheat hybrids generated from different heterotic groups — to a situation of allopolyploidization. Our use‐case predicts the phenotypes of SHW for three quantitatively inherited global wheat diseases, namely tan spot (TS), septoria nodorum blotch (SNB), and spot blotch (SB). Our results revealed prediction abilities comparable to studies in ‘traditional’ elite or hybrid wheat. Prediction abilities were highest using a marker model and performing random cross‐validation, predicting the performance of untested SHW (0.483 for SB to 0.730 for TS). When testing parents not necessarily used in SHW, combination prediction abilities were slightly lower (0.378 for SB to 0.718 for TS), yet still promising. Despite the limited phenotypic data, our results provide a general example for predictive models targeting an allopolyploidization event and a method that can guide the use of genetic resources available in gene banks.