bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anchorage performance of a new rebar bolt under different surrounding rock strength and borehole depth
Authors: Zhang Ming , Cao Chen , Li Guanghan , Guo Baolong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe theory and technology of rock bolting are fundamental research topics for strata control in civil and mining engineering. Rebar bolts are commonly used for roadway primary support in underground coal mine. To adapt to deep resource mining, a new left threaded rebar bolt has been developed. Compared to conventional rebar bolts, the result of installation test showed that the new bolt reduced of 41.5% and 57.9% in stirring resistance force and torque, respectively. In laboratory pullout tests, PVC and aluminum sleeves were used to simulate weak and medium strength surrounding rocks. The average peak pullout force, displacement at the peak load and energy absorption increased by 27%, 107% and 108%, respectively, using PVC sleeve; and increased by 113%, 109% and 212%, respectively, using aluminum sleeve. Field tests were conducted under soft coal, hard coal and medium strength rock geo-conditions. Different borehole depths were selected to precisely calculate the average anchorage performance of the new bolt. Results showed that the average peak pullout force of the new bolt increased by 37%, 38% and 28%, respectively, under different surrounding rock conditions. Moreover, based on on-site test results, the pullout curves in field-testing were summarised and classified into 6 different patterns, which were discussed from a viewpoint of causality mechanism. The research findings validate that the newly developed bolt has better anchorage performance compared to conventional rebar bolts, making it a new anchorage material for deep resource mining.
Consumption of hookahs, e-cigarettes, and classic cigarettes and the impact on medically assisted reproduction treatment
Authors: Trapphoff Tom , Ontrup Carolin , Krug Sonja , Dieterle Stefan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSmoking of classic cigarettes has been well-established as a health risk factor, including cardiovascular, neurological, and pulmonary diseases. Adverse effects on human reproduction have also been shown. Smokers are assumed to have a significantly lower chance of pregnancy, however, the impact of smoking on medically assisted reproduction (MAR) treatment outcomes is controversial. Moreover, smoking habits have changed during the last decades since e-cigarettes and hookahs, or water pipes, have become very popular, yet little is known regarding vaping or hookah-smoking patients undergoing MAR treatments. This prospective study aimed to examine the presence of benzo[a]pyrene, nicotine, and its main metabolite, cotinine, in human follicular fluid (FF) in non-smoking, smoking, and vaping/hookah-smoking patients and to evaluate the impact on female fertility. Human FF samples were collected from 320 women subjected to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles due to male subfertility. Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry was used to analyse the presence of benzo[a]pyrene, nicotine, and cotinine. A questionnaire was provided to assess patient consumption behaviour and to identify (1) non-smoking patients, (2) patients who consumed cigarettes, and (3) patients with exclusive consumption of e-cigarettes or hookahs. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression, Fisher’s exact test, and the Mann–Whitney U Test. Nicotine was present in 22 (6.8%) and cotinine in 65 (20.3%) of the 320 samples. The nicotine and cotinine concentrations per sample ranged from 0 to 26.3 ng/ml and 0–363.0 ng/ml, respectively. Benzo[a]pyrene was not detectable in any of the samples analysed. Nicotine and cotinine were also present in the FF of patients with exclusive consumption of e-cigarettes or hookahs. The clinical pregnancy rate, fertilization and maturation rates, and number of oocytes per oocyte pick-up were not statistically significantly different between non-smoking, smoking, or vaping/hookah-smoking patients. Smoking and the accumulation of smoking toxins in the FF have no impact on the outcome of MAR treatments—neither the clinical pregnancy rate, maturation and fertilization rates, nor the number of retrieved oocytes were affected. For the first time, nicotine and cotinine were quantified in the FF of patients exclusively vaping e-cigarettes or smoking hookahs. Since vaping liquids and hookah tobaccos contain potentially harmful substances, other adverse effects cannot be excluded.Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03414567.
Risk adjusted EWMA control chart based on support vector machine with application to cardiac surgery data
Authors: Noor-ul-Amin Muhammad , Khan Imad , Alzahrani Ali Rashash R. , Ayari-Akkari Amel , Ahmad Bakhtiyar 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIn the current study, we demonstrate the use of a quality framework to review the process for improving the quality and safety of the patient in the health care department. The researchers paid attention to assessing the performance of the health care service, where the data is usually heterogeneous to patient’s health conditions. In our study, the support vector machine (SVM) regression model is used to handle the challenge of adjusting the risk factors attached to the patients. Further, the design of exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts is proposed based on the residuals obtained through SVM regression model. Analyzing real cardiac surgery patient data, we employed the SVM method to gauge patient condition. The resulting SVM-EWMA chart, fashioned via SVM modeling, revealed superior shift detection capabilities and demonstrated enhanced efficacy compared to the risk-adjusted EWMA control chart.
Spatial–temporal combination and multi-head flow-attention network for traffic flow prediction
Authors: Yu Lianfei , Liu Wenbo , Wu Dong , Xie Dongmei , Cai Chuang , Qu Zhijian , Li Panjing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTraffic flow prediction based on spatial–temporal data plays a vital role in traffic management. However, it still faces serious challenges due to the complex spatial–temporal correlation in nonlinear spatial–temporal data. Some previous methods have limited ability to capture spatial–temporal correlation, and ignore the quadratic complexity problem in the traditional attention mechanism. To this end, we propose a novel spatial–temporal combination and multi-head flow-attention network (STCMFA) to model the spatial–temporal correlation in road networks. Firstly, we design a temporal sequence multi-head flow attention (TS-MFA), in which the unique source competition mechanism and sink allocation mechanism make the model avoid attention degradation without being affected by inductive biases. Secondly, we use GRU instead of the linear layer in traditional attention to map the input sequence, which further enhances the temporal modeling ability of the model. Finally, we combine the GCN with the TS-MFA module to capture the spatial–temporal correlation, and introduce residual mechanism and feature aggregation strategy to further improve the performance of STCMFA. Extensive experiments on four real-world traffic datasets show that our model has excellent performance and is always significantly better than other baselines.
Comparative analysis of root associated microbes in tropical cultivated and weedy rice (Oryza spp.) and temperate cultivated rice
Authors: Juliyanti Vani , Itakura Ryota , Kotani Kanta , Lim Shu Yong , Suzuki Go , Chong Chun Wie , Song Beng Kah , Rahman Sadequr 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWeedy rice is a major problem in paddy fields around the world. It is well known that weedy rice appears to grow faster and mature earlier than cultivated rice. It is possible that differences in the root microbial genetics are correlated with this characteristic. This study incorporated 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to study the microbial composition in the rhizosphere and endosphere of rice root. No significant difference was found between the microbiota associated with weedy and cultivated rice lines grown in the same field. It was found that the endosphere had less microbial diversity compared to the rhizosphere. The major groups of bacteria found in the endosphere are from the phylum Proteobacteria, Myxococcota, Chloroflexota, and Actinobacteria. In addition, by analyzing the microbiome of japonica rice grown in the field in a temperate climate, we found that despite differences in genotype and location, some bacterial taxa were found to be common and these members of the putative rice core microbiome can also be detected by in situ hybridization. The delineation of a core microbiome in the endosphere of rice suggests that these bacterial taxa might be important in the life cycle of a wide range of rice types.
Design and optimization of haze prediction model based on particle swarm optimization algorithm and graphics processor
Authors: Liu Zuhan , Zhao Kexin , Liu Xuehu , Xu Huan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the rapid expansion of industrialization and urbanization, fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) pollution has escalated into a major global environmental crisis. This pollution severely affects human health and ecosystem stability. Accurately predicting PM2.5 levels is essential. However, air quality forecasting currently faces challenges in processing vast data and enhancing model accuracy. Deep learning models are widely applied for their superior learning and fitting abilities in haze prediction. Yet, they are limited by optimization challenges, long training periods, high data quality needs, and a tendency towards overfitting. Furthermore, the complex internal structures and mechanisms of these models complicate the understanding of haze formation. In contrast, traditional Support Vector Regression (SVR) methods perform well with complex non-linear data but struggle with increased data volumes. To address this, we developed CUDA-based code to optimize SVR algorithm efficiency. We also combined SVR with Genetic Algorithms (GA), Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA), and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to identify the optimal haze prediction model. Our results demonstrate that the model combining intelligent algorithms with Central Processing Unit-raphics Processing Unit (CPU-GPU) heterogeneous parallel computing significantly outpaces the PSO-SVR model in training speed. It achieves a computation time that is 6.21–35.34 times faster. Compared to other models, the Particle Swarm Optimization-Central Processing Unit-Graphics Processing Unit-Support Vector Regression (PSO-CPU-GPU-SVR) model stands out in haze prediction, offering substantial speed improvements and enhanced stability and reliability while maintaining high accuracy. This breakthrough not only advances the efficiency and accuracy of haze prediction but also provides valuable insights for real-time air quality monitoring and decision-making.
Clinical implementation of a fully automated quantitative perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging workflow with a simplified dual-bolus contrast administration scheme
Authors: Borodzicz-Jazdzyk S. , Vink C. E. M. , Demirkiran A. , Hoek R. , de Mooij G. W. , Hofman M. B. M. , Wilgenhof A. , Appelman Y. , Benovoy M. , Götte M. J. W. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study clinically implemented a ready-to-use quantitative perfusion (QP) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (QP CMR) workflow, encompassing a simplified dual-bolus gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) administration scheme and fully automated QP image post-processing. Twenty-five patients with suspected obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent both adenosine stress perfusion CMR and an invasive coronary angiography or coronary computed tomography angiography. The dual-bolus protocol consisted of a pre-bolus (0.0075 mmol/kg GBCA at 0.5 mmol/ml concentration + 20 ml saline) and a main bolus (0.075 mmol/kg GBCA at 0.5 mmol/ml concentration + 20 ml saline) at an infusion rate of 3 ml/s. The arterial input function curves showed excellent quality. Stress MBF ≤ 1.84 ml/g/min accurately detected obstructive CAD (area under the curve 0.79; 95% Confidence Interval: 0.66 to 0.89). Combined visual assessment of color pixel QP maps and conventional perfusion images yielded a diagnostic accuracy of 84%, sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 93%. The proposed easy-to-use dual-bolus QP CMR workflow provides good image quality and holds promise for high accuracy in diagnosis of obstructive CAD. Implementation of this approach has the potential to serve as an alternative to current methods thus increasing the accessibility to offer high-quality QP CMR imaging by a wide range of CMR laboratories.
SEHRNet: A lightweight, high‐resolution network for aircraft keypoint detection
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Zhang Tianxiong , Zhu Xinping , Li Jiajun 
Published: April 2024

AbstractCurrent research on apron conflict detection is often limited to the interaction between the aircraft as a whole and other objects, making it difficult to accomplish targeted identification of vulnerable and high‐cost aircraft components. However, the implementation of detailed aircraft identification is of great significance to enhance the safety of airport surface operations. Based on the excellent performance of High‐Resolution Network (HRNet) in keypoint detection, a lightweight end‐to‐end keypoint detection network, namely Squeeze and Excitation High‐Resolution Network (SEHRNet), is proposed in this paper to solve the problems of HRNet's slower computation and more redundancy. First, the errors arising from coordinate transformations in the coding and decoding process are solved by an improved feature map coding and decoding process. Second, replace the BasicBlock in HRNet with the Depthwise separable convolutions based on the Squeeze‐and‐Excitation Networks, which drastically cuts the computational cost of the network. Third, the improved Bottleneck module is used to further enhance the capability of feature extraction. Experimental results prove that, based on the aircraft keypoint detection dataset, the SEHRNet proposed in this paper shows stronger applicability compared to the current mainstream networks. Compared with the original HRNet, the improved network has higher accuracy, faster speed, and lighter model for aircraft keypoint detection.
Measuring the concentrations of some gaseous air pollutants and dust particles in the western city of Hamzah in Iraq
Authors: Radhi Kadhim Haydder 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This research concentrates on studying and analyzing the spatial and temporal variation of the concentrations of air pollutants in the Hamzah-western city during the four seasons of the year 2022 by studying the concentrations of gaseous pollutants in the air, such as NO2, SO2, CO, CO2, and O3, as well as measuring the concentrations of dust particles suspended in the air, such as PM2.5 and PM10. The number of sampling sites reached six, distributed into five different sectors (industrial, residential, transport, agricultural, and a mixed sector combining industry and transportation) in order to show the discrepancies in the concentrations of pollutants and explain their causes. The results of in situ measurements and laboratory analyses showed that there is a spatial and temporal variation in the concentrations of air pollutants. The highest concentrations of carbon monoxide CO, carbon dioxide CO2, and sulfur dioxide SO2 were recorded in sector 1 and during the summer season at concentrations of 38.5, 337, and 2.9 ppm, respectively. While the highest concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were recorded in sector (2) with a concentration of 0.65 ppm, and all those concentrations were outside the permissible limits, the lowest concentrations were recorded for gases in sector (6), which covered all the study semesters. As for the concentrations of suspended dust particles in their sizes (PM2.5 and PM10), the highest concentrations were recorded in Sector (2), during all seasons of the study, and at 383.81 and 389.38 ppm concentrations, respectively. While the lowest concentrations of suspended particles of both sizes were recorded in Sector 6, a value of 119.65 ppm was recorded for PM2.5 minutes and 115.65 ppm for PM10 minutes. Thus, all their values during the study period were greater than the permissible limits.
Determination of long-lived gamma emitters in some vegetarian products in Al-Najaf governorate using NaI(Tl)
Authors: Saeed jassim Ali , Hassoon Oraibi Adnan , Abid Abojassim Ali , Algazali Sajad A. , Abdulhussein Hameed Ali , Hamza Hussian Hayder 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, gamma emitters including potassium-40, thorium-232, and uranium-238 were found in samples of 10 types of vegetarian products that were taken from various locations of Al-Najaf governorate. The experimental study is done by NaI(Tl) detectors that are produced by the ORTIC Analysis System. Also, some radiological risks due to these emitters as radium equivalent activity and internal hazard index were calculated using different theoretical equations. Given that all samples from Iraqi vegetarian products in the current study that tested for long-lived gamma emitters and risk factors for hazard were found to be below the global limit suggested by numerous organizations and commissions, one may conclude that there is no risk to human health from radiological hazard caused by gamma emitters.
Effect of potassium nitrate, licorice extract and planting date on field emergence and growth of maize (Zea mays L.) in spring season
Authors: Mohsen Khudhair Maryam , Hameed Hamza Jalal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Low temperature and high relative humidity in the spring season led to decrease of field emergence ratio and growth in maize. Planting dates and seeds stimulation can be appropriate fix. Field experiment was conducted in the two spring seasons of 2022 and 2023. Randomize complete block design with split-plot arrangement and four replications was used. Planting date treatments (February 15th, March 1st and 15th and April 1st, 15th) were placed in main plots. Seeds stimulation treatments (potassium nitrate 6 mg L−1 + licorice extract 6 g L−1 as well as treatment of soaking with distilled water only) were placed in subplots. Seeds stimulation (potassium nitrate+licorice extract) or planting date of February 15th were superior at traits of field emergence ratio, days to 75% tassel and silk, days to physiological and full maturity, leaf area index, plant dry weight and crop growth rate in both seasons. Interaction treatment of stimulation (potassium nitrate+licorice extract) and planting date of February 15th excelled at traits above (86.2 and 86.9%), (87.0 and 86.0 day), (91.2 and 91.0 day), (113.5 and 110.0 day), and (113.5 and 110.0 day), respectively. It can be concluded that seed stimulation contributes to enhancing plant growth in adverse conditions in the spring season by increasing the field emergence ratio and plant growth rate over a wide range of environmental conditions. Determining the appropriate planting date contributes to utilizing the prevailing environmental conditions and raising the efficiency of metabolic processes in increasing plant dry weight. Also, using natural materials to stimulate seeds to withstand adverse conditions, which boosts the concept of sustainable agriculture. It can be recommended soaking the seeds with potassium nitrate+licorice extract when planting in the spring season.
Sustainable approach for seed stimulating and sowing date to enhance field emergence and growth of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Authors: Hadi Msheewah Hamd Azhar , Hameed Hamza Jalal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sorghum cultivation is often accompanied by low field emergence rates and weak seedlings, which may be due to genetic or environmental stress. A factorial experiment was conducted in the spring and fall seasons of 2022 using a randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement and four replications. Planting dates (spring season: Feb. 15th, Mar. 1st, 15th, and Apr. 1st, 15th; fall season: Jun. 15th, Jul. 1st, 15th, and Aug. 1st, 15th) were allocated to the main plots. Seeds stimulation treatments (35% banana peel extract + 100 mg L−1 citric acid and distilled water soaking treatment only) were allocated to the subplots. The interaction treatment (banana peel extract + citric acid) with the planting date of April 15 showed the highest field emergence (74.2%), 75% flowering (86.0 day), plant height (163.9 cm), and days to physiological and complete maturity (111.0 and 131.0 day), respectively. The banana peel extract + citric acid soaking treatment with the planting date of July 1st showed the highest field emergence (91.3%), plant height (185.1 cm), leaf area index (7.6), and dry weight per plant (398.8 g). It can be concluded that the seeds primed with banana peel extract + citric acid before planting improved growth characteristics and could be a solution to environmental challenges, which also promote the concept of sustainable agriculture. It can be recommended seeds soaking with a combination of banana peel extract and citric acid to enhance emergence and growth when planting in April 15th for the spring season and July 1st for the fall season.
Sustainable practices impact and planting date on yield of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench)
Authors: Hadi Msheewah Hamd Azhar , Hameed Hamza Jalal 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Environmental stress affects the yield of sorghum. This impact can be reduced by seed stimulation technique and determining the appropriate planting date. An experiment was conducted in the spring and fall seasons of 2022. Randomized complete block design with split-plot arrangement in four replications was used. Planting dates (spring season: February 15th, March 1st, 15th, April 1st, 15th; fall season: June 15th, July 1st, 15th, August 1st, 15th) were assigned to the main plots. Seed stimulation treatments (banana peel extract 35% + citric acid 100 mg L−1 and soaking in distilled water only) were applied to the subplots. The interaction treatment of soaking with banana peel extract + citric acid and the planting date of April 15th showed superiority in traits of head grain number (1743) and total grain yield (6.135 tons ha−1) during the spring season. Seed stimulation treatment with banana peel extract + citric acid on July 1st planting date outperformed in traits of plant dry weight (398.8 g), head grain number (4582), total grain yield (10.82 tons ha−1), and biological yield (67.8 tons ha−1) during the fall season. It can be concluded that seed stimulation with banana peel extract + citric acid improved yield characteristics. Early planting date in the spring season (February 15th, March 1st, or March 15th) or the delay in the fall season (August 1st or August 15th) resulted in less efficient plant performance. This is closely related to the nature of the climatic conditions accompanying crop growth from planting to harvesting. Also, using of agricultural applications related to the use of natural materials could helping hand sustainable agriculture. It can be recommended to soak seeds with banana peel extract + citric acid and adopt the planting date of April 15th for the spring season and July 1st for the fall season to enhance grain yield.