bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HemK2 functions for sufficient protein synthesis and RNA stability through eRF1 methylation during Drosophila oogenesis
Authors: Xu Fengmei , Suyama Ritsuko , Inada Toshifumi , Kawaguchi Shinichi , Kai Toshie 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
HemK2 is a highly conserved methyltransferase, but the identification of its genuine substrates has been controversial, and its biological importance in higher organisms remains unclear. We elucidate the role of HemK2 in the methylation of eukaryotic Release Factor 1 (eRF1), a process that is essential for female germline development in Drosophila melanogaster. Knockdown of hemK2 in the germline cells (hemK2-GLKD) induces apoptosis, accompanied by a pronounced decrease in both eRF1 methylation and protein synthesis. Overexpression of a methylation-deficient eRF1 variant recapitulates the defects observed in hemK2-GLKD, suggesting that eRF1 is a primary methylation target of HemK2. Furthermore, hemK2-GLKD leads to a significant reduction in mRNA levels in germline cell. These defects in oogenesis and protein synthesis can be partially restored by inhibiting the No-Go Decay pathway. In addition, hemK2 knockdown is associated with increased disome formation, suggesting that disruptions in eRF1 methylation may provoke ribosomal stalling, which subsequently activates translation-coupled mRNA surveillance mechanisms that degrade actively translated mRNAs. We propose that HemK2-mediated methylation of eRF1 is crucial for ensuring efficient protein production and mRNA stability, which are vital for the generation of high-quality eggs.
BET activity plays an essential role in control of stem cell attributes in Xenopus
Authors: Huber Paul B. , Rao Anjali , LaBonne Carole 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Neural crest cells are a stem cell population unique to vertebrate embryos that retains broad multi-germ layer developmental potential through neurulation. Much remains to be learned about the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that control the potency of neural crest cells. Here, we examine the role that epigenetic readers of the BET (bromodomain and extra terminal) family play in controlling the potential of pluripotent blastula and neural crest cells. We find that inhibiting BET activity leads to loss of pluripotency at blastula stages and a loss of neural crest at neurula stages. We compare the effects of HDAC (an eraser of acetylation marks) and BET (a reader of acetylation) inhibition and find that they lead to similar cellular outcomes through distinct effects on the transcriptome. Interestingly, loss of BET activity in cells undergoing lineage restriction is coupled to increased expression of genes linked to pluripotency and prolongs the competence of initially pluripotent cells to transit to a neural progenitor state. Together these findings advance our understanding of the epigenetic control of pluripotency and the formation of the vertebrate neural crest.
Building public trust and confidence in secondary use of health data for healthcare improvement and research: a qualitative study pre-protocol
Authors: Bedenik Tina , Cahir Caitriona , Bennett K. 
Published: June 2024

Background Secondary use of health data provides opportunities to drive improvements in healthcare provision, personalised medicine, comparative effectiveness research, health services innovation, and policy and practice. However, secondary data use requires compliance with relevant legislation, implementation of technical safeguards, ethical data management, and respect for data sharers. Existing evidence suggests widespread support for secondary use of health data among the public, which co-exists with concerns about privacy, confidentiality and misuse of data. Balancing the protection of individuals’ rights against the use of their health data for societal benefits is of vital importance, and trust underpins this process. The study protocol explores how to build public trust and confidence in the secondary use of health data through all key stakeholder groups in Ireland, towards developing a culture that promotes a safe and trustworthy use of data. Methods This study will adopt a qualitative cross-sectional approach conducted in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research COREQ guidelines. Participants in the study will include academics and researchers; healthcare professionals, data protection, ethics and privacy experts and data controllers; pharmaceutical industry and patients and public. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques will be utilised to recruit the participants, and data will be collected utilizing focus groups that may be supplemented with semi-structured interviews. Data will be coded by themes using reflexive thematic analysis (TA) and collective intelligence (CI) will be convened post-analysis to explore the preliminary findings with the participants. Ethics and Dissemination Ethical approval was obtained from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Research Ethics Committee (REC202208013). Final data analysis and dissemination is expected by Q1 2024. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal publications, presentations at relevant conferences, and other academic, public and policy channels. Lay summaries will be designed for Public and Patient Involvement (PPI) contributors and general public.
Nurses’ experiences of providing palliative care for children with life-limiting conditions
Authors: Reid Bernie B , Brogan Patricia 
Published: June 2024

Background: Paediatric palliative care (PPC) has evolved in response to the increased prevalence of children who have been diagnosed with life-limiting conditions. Nursing care is a fundamental aspect of PPC and understanding nurses’ experiences is imperative to the provision and development of quality holistic child-centred services. Aim: To review nurses’ experiences of providing palliative care for children with life-limiting conditions. Method: A systematic database search of the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Complete, Ovid Medline and Scopus was undertaken. Key words consisted of ‘palliative care’ or ‘terminal care’ or ‘dying’ or ‘end-of-life care’ and children* or paediatric* or pediatric* and ‘nurs* experience*’ or ‘nurs* view*’ or ‘nurs* perspective*’ or ‘nurs* feeling*’. Inclusion criteria included peer-reviewed studies published between 2016–2023 in the English language. Findings: A thematic approach was adopted with the 11 papers selected for the review and each study critically analysed to identify three recurring themes. The themes included: ‘a broken wreck’, ‘makes a life worth living’ and ‘challenges in doing 100%’. Findings point to mixed feelings among nurses in providing PPC and suggest that nurses experience emotional distress when caring for dying children. With appropriate supports and inspiration from their paediatric patients, nurses are determined to provide a ‘good death’ for the children in their care. Nevertheless, the perceived lack of knowledge and experience, communication struggles and personal dilemmas can be predisposing factors in triggering negative experiences among nurses when providing palliative care for children with life-limiting conditions. Recommendations: Education and policy development is required to meet the practice needs and support the emotional needs of nurses engaged in PPC. Further research is required to generate PPC evidence-based nursing interventions. In doing so, high quality PPC practice will be promoted, thereby ensuring high quality PPC for the children and their families.
EVALUATING THE UTILITY OF PLAIN RADIOGRAPH AND COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY SCANNING IN IDENTIFYING CONCOMITANT FOOT FRACTURES IN PATIENTS WITH UNSTABLE LISFRANC INJURIES
Authors: Aamir J. , Caldwell R. , Karthikappallil D. , Tanaka H. , Elbannan M. , Mason L. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundLisfranc fracture dislocations are uncommon injuries, which frequently require surgical intervention. Currently, there is varying evidence on the diagnostic utility of plain radiographs (XR) and CT in identifying Lisfranc injuries and concomitant fractures. Our aim was to identify the utility of XR as compared to CT, with the nul hypothesis that there was no difference in fracture identification.MethodsA retrospective assessment of patients who had sustained a Lisfranc injury between 2013 and 2022 across two trauma centres within the United Kingdom who underwent surgery. Pre-operative XR and CT images were reviewed independently by 2 reviewers to identify the presence of associated fractures.ResultsA total of 175 patients were included. Our assessment identified that XR images significantly under-diagnosed all metatarsal and midfoot fractures. The largest discrepancies between XR and CT in their rates of detection were in fractures of the cuboid (5.7% vs 28%, p<0.001), medial cuneiform (20% vs 51%, p=0.008), lateral cuneiform (4% vs 36%, p=0.113), second metatarsal (57% vs 82%, p<0.001), third metatarsal (37% vs 61%, p<0.001) and fourth metatarsal (26% vs 43%, p<0.001). As compared to CT, the sensitivity of XR was low. The lowest sensitivity for identification however was lateral foot injuries, specifically fractures of the lateral cuneiform (sensitivity 7.94%, specificity 97.3%), cuboid (sensitivity 18.37%, specificity 99.21%), fourth (sensitivity 46.7%, specificity 89.80%) and fifth metatarsal (sensitivity 45.00%, specificity 96.10%).ConclusionFrom our analysis, we can determine that XR significantly under-diagnoses associated injuries in patient sustaining an unstable Lisfranc injury, with lateral foot injuries being the worst identified. We advised the use of CT imaging in all cases for appropriate surgical planning.
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX ANKLE FRACTURES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES: A NATIONAL RETROSPECTIVE MULTICENTRE STUDY
Authors: Ahluwalia R. , Wek C. , Lewis T. , Stringfellow T. , Coffey D. , Ping S.T. , Edmonds M. , Reichert I. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundAnkle fractures associated with diabetes experience more complications following standard Open-Reduction-Internal-Fixation (ORIF) than those without diabetes. Augmented fixation strategies namely extended ORIF and hind-foot-nail (HFN) may offer better results, and early weightbearing in this group. The aim of this study was to define the population of patients with diabetes undergoing primary fixation for ankle fractures. Secondarily, to assess the utilisation of standard and augmented strategies and the effect of these choices on surgical outcomes including early post-operative weight bearing and surgical complications.MethodsA national-multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted between January to June 2019 in 56 centres (10 Major- Trauma-Centres and 46 Trauma-Units) in the United Kingdom; 1360 specifically defined complex ankle-fractures were enrolled. Demographics, fixation choice, surgical and functional outcomes were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed to compare high-risk patients with/without diabetes.ResultsThere were 316 patients in the diabetes cohort with mean age 63.9yrs (vs. 49.3yrs in non-diabetes cohort), and greater frailty score >4 (24% vs.14% (non-diabetes cohort) (p<0.03); 7.5% had documented neuropathy. In the diabetes cohort, 79.7% underwent standard ORIF, 7.1% extended ORIF and 10.2% a HFN compared to 87.7%, 3.0% and 10.3% in the non-diabetes cohort. Surgical wound complications after standard-ORIF were higher in the diabetes cohort (15.1% vs. 8.7%) (p<0.02) but patients with diabetes who underwent augmented techniques showed little difference in surgical outcomes/complications to non-diabetes, even though early-weight- bearing rates were greater than standard-ORIF.ConclusionAnkle fractures in diabetes occur in older, frailer patients; whilst lower than expected neuropathy rates suggest a need for improved assessment. Augmented surgical techniques may allow earlier weight-bearing without increasing complications in keeping with modern guidelines in ankle fracture management.
ULTRASOUND-GUIDED INFILTRATION WITH HYALURONIC ACID VERSUS CORTICOSTEROID FOR THE TREATMENT OF MORTON'S NEUROMA: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: Lewis T. , Ferreira G.F. , Nunes G. , Ray R. 
Published: June 2024

BackgroundInfiltration is considered the first treatment option for symptomatic Morton's neuroma and can be performed with various medications. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of hyaluronic acid infiltration versus corticosteroid injection in the treatment of Morton's neuroma.MethodsA randomised clinical trial was conducted with 46 patients (50 feet) diagnosed with Morton's neuroma. After randomisation, the control group (CG) received three injections (one per week) of triamcinolone (Triancil®) guided by ultrasound, while the study group (SG) received three applications of hyaluronic acid (Osteonil Plus®). Patients were followed up for six months after the intervention. The primary outcome measure used was the Visual Pain Analog Scale (VAS). Secondary endpoints included patient-reported outcome measures using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) score and complications.ResultsBoth groups showed significant improvement in VAS and AOFAS scores (p < 0.001). The CG showed greater improvement than the SG in the VAS (p < 0.05) and AOFAS (p < 0.001) variables. Four patients in the CG experienced skin hypochromia at the injection site, while there were no complications in the SG.ConclusionUltrasound-guided hyaluronic acid infiltration in Morton's Neuroma proved to be safe, showing improvement in pain and function after six months of follow-up, without major complications, but with a significantly lower improvement when compared to corticosteroid injection. Taking into account cost implications and the potential for longer lasting improvement from viscosupplementation further medium- and long-term studies are needed.
Panoramic heat map for spatial distribution of necrotic lesions
Authors: Yang Peng , He Wei , Yang Weiming , Jiang Luoyong , Lin Tianye , Sun Weichao , Zhang Qingwen , Bai Xueling , Guo Da , Sun Wei 
Published: June 2024

AimsIn this study, we aimed to visualize the spatial distribution characteristics of femoral head necrosis using a novel measurement method.MethodsWe retrospectively collected CT imaging data of 108 hips with non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head from 76 consecutive patients (mean age 34.3 years (SD 8.1), 56.58% male (n = 43)) in two clinical centres. The femoral head was divided into 288 standard units (based on the orientation of units within the femoral head, designated as N[Superior], S[Inferior], E[Anterior], and W[Posterior]) using a new measurement system called the longitude and latitude division system (LLDS). A computer-aided design (CAD) measurement tool was also developed to visualize the measurement of the spatial location of necrotic lesions in CT images. Two orthopaedic surgeons independently performed measurements, and the results were used to draw 2D and 3D heat maps of spatial distribution of necrotic lesions in the femoral head, and for statistical analysis.ResultsThe results showed that the LLDS has high inter-rater reliability. As illustrated by the heat map, the distribution of Japanese Investigation Committee (JIC) classification type C necrotic lesions exhibited clustering characteristics, with the lesions being concentrated in the northern and eastern regions, forming a hot zone (90% probability) centred on the N4-N6E2, N3-N6E units of outer ring blocks. Statistical results showed that the distribution difference between type C2 and type C1 was most significant in the E1 and E2 units and, combined with the heat map, indicated that the spatial distribution differences at N3-N6E1 and N1-N3E2 units are crucial in understanding type C1 and C2 necrotic lesions.ConclusionThe LLDS can be used to accurately measure the spatial location of necrotic lesions and display their distribution characteristics.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(6):294–305.
Live cell imaging of cellular dynamics in poplar wood using computational cannula microscopy
Authors: Ingold Alexander , Mishra Gayatri , Sorenson Reed , Groover Andrew , Sieburth Leslie , Menon Rajesh 
Published: June 2024

This study presents significant advancements in computational cannula
microscopy for live imaging of cellular dynamics in poplar wood
tissues. Leveraging machine-learning models such as
pix2pix for image reconstruction, we achieved
high-resolution imaging with a field of view of using a -core diameter probe. Our method
allows for real-time image reconstruction at 0.29 s per frame with a
mean absolute error of 0.07. We successfully captured cellular-level
dynamics in vivo, demonstrating
morphological changes at resolutions as small as . We implemented two types of
probabilistic neural network models to quantify confidence levels in
the reconstructed images. This approach facilitates context-aware,
human-in-the-loop analysis, which is crucial for in vivo imaging where ground-truth data is unavailable.
Using this approach we demonstrated deep in
vivo computational imaging of living plant tissue with high
confidence (disagreement score ). This work addresses
the challenges of imaging live plant tissues, offering a practical and
minimally invasive tool for plant biologists.
New advances in protein engineering for industrial applications: Key takeaways
Authors: Ndochinwa Giles Obinna , Wang Qing-Yan , Okoro Nkwachukwu Oziamara , Amadi Oyetugo Chioma , Nwagu Tochukwu Nwamaka , Nnamchi Chukwudi Innocent , Moneke Anene Nwabu , Odiba Arome Solomon 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Recent advancements in protein/enzyme engineering have enabled the production of a diverse array of high-value compounds in microbial systems with the potential for industrial applications. The goal of this review is to articulate some of the most recent protein engineering advances in bacteria, yeast, and other microbial systems to produce valuable substances. These high-value substances include α-farnesene, vitamin B12, fumaric acid, linalool, glucaric acid, carminic acid, mycosporine-like amino acids, patchoulol, orcinol glucoside, d-lactic acid, keratinase, α-glucanotransferases, β-glucosidase, seleno-methylselenocysteine, fatty acids, high-efficiency β-glucosidase enzymes, cellulase, β-carotene, physcion, and glucoamylase. Additionally, recent advances in enzyme engineering for enhancing thermostability will be discussed. These findings have the potential to revolutionize various industries, including biotechnology, food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels.
Effects of normalizing and tempering temperature on the bainite microstructure and properties of low alloy fire-resistant steel bars
Authors: Zheng Zhichao , Ren Jie , Zhang Li , Guan Lanfang , Liu Chengzhi , Liu Yanlian , Cheng Shengwei , Su Zexing , Yang Fei 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Different combinations of normalizing and tempering were carried out to optimize the microstructure and enhance the high-temperature mechanical properties of HRB400FR fire-resistant steel bars. The results showed that with the increasing of the tempering temperature from 400 to 600°C, the steel bar’s hardness decreases linearly, mainly due to the formation of quasi-polygon ferrite and granular bainite. Besides, the reduced width and the dissolution of the lath bainite also undermine the performance of the tempered steel bars. The highest Vickers hardness of 380 HV is achieved when the steel is normalized at 950°C and then tempered at 400°C, mainly due to precipitation strengthening and bainite strengthening. The hardness of the test steel tempered at 600°C gives the lowest value, only 230 HV since the least amount of bainite is obtained. When the tempering temperature reaches 650°C, the hardness rises to 260 HV due to the formation of the lath bainite. The emergence of needle bainite generally reduces the matrix grain size, and the appearance of lath martensite refines the precipitated carbides.
Der Mensch in der intelligenten Fabrik
Authors: Lück Matthias , Hornung Tim , Teklezgi Joel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The seamless merging of the physical and digital worlds, has led to an unprecedented increase in the speed at which automation can be introduced into production. can be introduced. Smart manufacturing systems will, at a fundamental level, enable the use of artificial intelligence (AI) through machine learning (ML). This involves the alignment of information flows through suitable interfaces to humans is essential. is indispensable. This human-centered approach is referred to as Industry 5.0 (I5.0) or the human-centered approach (HCA) [1, 2]. The prioritization of people can be achieved prioritization can be achieved by placing the process-related interests of people at the at the center of production monitoring and relying on technologies that help employees by developing knowledge and skills, initiate optimizations.
Exoskelette in der Intralogistik
Authors: Pupkes Birte , Hoppe Nils , Petzoldt Christoph , Freitag Michael 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Due to the high physical demands of many manual work activities in intralogistics and the economic consequences of the resulting sickness-related absences, exoskeletons are becoming increasingly important. By physically relieving and actively supporting employees, work tasks can be made more ergonomic and the challenges mentioned can be counteracted. However, the variety of exoskeletons available on the market presents companies with major challenges when it comes to planning and selecting suitable systems. This article therefore presents an exoskeleton morphology that illustrates the different types of exoskeletons and enables the classification of suitable systems. Based on this, the results of a market analysis are visualized. Secondly, a method for the systematic and application-oriented selection of exoskeletons in intralogistics is presented. This method maps the application-specific requirements and ergonomic needs to the morphological characteristics in order to recommend suitable exoskeletons. The method is applied and validated using two intralogistics application examples, container unloading and palletizing.
Anreize für die Rückführung von Produkten in der Kreislaufwirtschaft
Authors: Lang Enno , Fischer Marcel , Metternich Joachim 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The circular economy is seen as an outstanding opportunity to address the global challenges of climate change and resource scarcity. This is achieved by narrowing, extending and ultimately closing resource cycles. When implementing a circular economy, however, a major challenge is to return a company‘s products after their utilisation phases in order to initiate value-preserving or valueenhancing activities. This article analyses and structures incentives for facilitating the retrieval of products using practical examples and expert workshops.
Eye-Tracking-basierte Analyse des menschlichen Verhaltens
Authors: Naussedat Rolf , Gunnemann Lisa , Potthoff Leonie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Over the last 10 years, production systems have been shaped by Industry 4.0, which drives digitalisation and networking in real time. Industry 5.0, on the other hand, focuses on human-centred technologies that support employees and enhance their skills. Personalisation plays a major role here, especially in manual assembly and testing workstations. The challenge is to adapt workstations individually without compromising standardisation. Eye tracking is used to investigate influencing factors at the workplace and analyse the data using software. This research forms the basis for a concept for the personalisation of manual workstations.