bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Staff motivation: A potential barrier to dialysis patient compliance
Authors: Iacono Steven 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUNDResearch regarding patient compliance with their dialysis treatment regimen has tended to focus on system‐ and patient‐centered issues. The role of clinician motivation, and their views regarding the usefulness of the time they spend dealing with compliance, has not been well investigated.METHODSThis study evaluated the views of 135 social workers, dietitians, and charge nurses in outpatient hemodialysis clinics across a 3‐state area regarding the usage of the time that they spend dealing with patient treatment compliance.RESULTSOne‐third of the social workers and nurses believed that dealing with patient compliance was a poor or wasteful use of their time. When asked to rate their level of motivation 50% of nurses, 42% of dietitians, and 36% of social workers reported that they were tired or extremely tired of having to deal with these issues. On average, 13.8 hours are spent each week by these clinicians to address patient compliance.CONCLUSIONLarge numbers of dialysis social workers, dietitians, and charge nurses are fatigued by having to constantly address the treatment compliance deficits of their patients.
Fractal Geometry Approach to Describe Mesostructured Boehmite and Gamma‐Alumina Nanorods
Authors: Rashidi Fereshteh , Kharat Ali Nemati , Rashidi Ali Morad , Lima Enrique , Lara Victor , Valente Jaime S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMesoporous boehmite and gamma‐alumina with nanorod‐like morphology, exhibiting a high surface area and large pore volume, have been prepared by a nonsurfactant‐templating sol–gel technique with a simple precursor system, aluminum isopropoxide, ethanol, 2‐propanol, or 2‐butanol as solvents, and sulfuric or hydrochloric acid as peptizing agents. The effect of the solvent‐type and the peptizing agent were studied, and optimum conditions were determined. A fractal geometry approach was adopted to describe the subtle alterations in the smoothness of the surface as a function of the synthesis conditions. Boehmite and γ‐alumina nanorods were characterized by nitrogen physisorption, wide‐ and small‐angle XRD, SAXS, 27Al MAS NMR spectroscopy, TEM, and TGA–DTA. Both boehmite and gamma‐alumina nanorods have a large surface area, pore volume, and pore size.
Intramolecular Addition of γ‐Chloro Carbanions to Electrophilic Groups: Synthesis of Tricyclic Tetrahydrofurans, Pyrrolidines, and Cyclopentanes
Authors: Wojtasiewicz Anna , Barbasiewicz Michał , Mąkosza Mieczysław 
Published: February 2010

AbstractCarbanions of 3‐chloropropyl phenyl sulfones containing electrophilic groups such as carbonyl and imino groups in the ortho position of the phenyl ring add intramolecularly to these groups to give aldol‐type anions. These anions undergo intramolecular 1,5‐substitution of chlorine to give tricyclic derivatives of tetrahydrofuran, pyrrolidine, and cyclopentane.
Noyori's Ts‐DPEN Ligand: Simple yet Effective Catalyst for the Highly Enantioselective Michael Addition of Acetone to Nitroalkenes
Authors: Peng Lin , Xu Xiao‐Ying , Wang Liang‐Liang , Huang Jun , Bai Jian‐Fei , Huang Qing‐Chun , Wang Li‐Xin 
Published: February 2010

AbstractHighly enantioselective Michael addition of acetone to a variety of nitroalkenes promoted by simple chiral primary amine bifunctional catalysts (e.g., Noyori's Ts‐DPEN ligand) together with terephthalic acid in excellent yields (84–99 %) and enantioselectivities (93–98 % ee) is reported.
Heat transfer enhancement by using a rectangular wing vortex generator on the triangular shaped fins of a plate‐fin heat exchanger
Authors: Sachdeva Gulshan , Kasana K.S. , Vasudevan R. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe present numerical analysis pertains to the heat transfer enhancement in a plate‐fin heat exchanger employing triangular shaped fins with a rectangular wing vortex generator on its slant surfaces. The study has been carried out for three different angles of attack of the wing, i.e., 15°, 20° and 26°. The aspect ratio of the wing is not varied with its angle of attack. The flow considered herein is laminar, incompressible, and viscous with the Reynolds number not exceeding 200. The pressure and the velocity components are obtained by solving the continuity and the Navier– Stokes equations by the Marker and Cell method. The present analysis reveals that the use of a rectangular wing vortex generator at an attack angle of 26° results in about a 35% increase in the combined spanwise average Nusselt number as compared to the plate‐triangular fin heat exchanger without any vortex generator. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20285
Enhancement of condensation on a vertical plate (2nd report, prediction of condensation on a dispersed finned surface)
Authors: Chu Rencai , Hatanaka Tsutomu , Nishio Shigefumi 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this study, a prediction model for condensation heat transfer on a vertical dispersed finned surface was proposed, utilizing the Adamek‐Webb model for condensation heat transfer outside a horizontal finned tube. The prediction model was based on two main experimental observation results. One is the phenomena of the condensate retention at the bottom of each row of the dispersed fin. Another is the offset phenomena of the condensate flow between each row of the dispersed fin. Given the results by the present model, it is predicted that the dependence of the condensation heat transfer coefficient for the dispersed finned surface on the fin pitch is controlled mainly by the dispersed fin length, not the total fin length. On the contrary, for a different fin pitch, the effect to the condensation heat transfer by dispersing the fin is different. From comparison with the experiment results, it is confirmed that the present model was able to predict the condensation with extremely good precision when the fin pitch was larger. Further, when the fin pitch was smaller, the predicted values were higher than the experimental values, but the tendency of the condensation heat transfer with dispersing the fin was nearly predicted. In addition, this condensing model can predict the experimental values with an error of 25% at the maximum in a range of fin pitch 0.6 mm to 1 mm. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heat Trans Asian Res; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/htj.20288
Friction and wear behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene as a function of crystallinity in the presence of the phospholipid dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine
Authors: Bruck Angela L. , Kanaga Karuppiah K. S. , Sundararajan Sriram , Wang Jun , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: February 2010

AbstractIn this study, the friction and wear behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were evaluated as a function of polymer crystallinity in the presence of the phospholipid dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) dissolved in ethanol. Samples of UHMWPE were separately heat treated to get high and low crystallinity samples. Degree of crystallinity was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry. Quantitative friction and wear experiments were conducted using a custom‐made microtribometer with commercially available spherical Si3N4 probes in controlled and phospholipid‐dissolved lubricants. The higher crystallinity sample exhibited slightly lower friction than the lower crystallinity in the control and decreased significantly when phospholipids were present. The higher crystallinity sample showed a higher wear resistance than the lower crystallinity sample during all reciprocating wear tests. DPPC acting as a lubricant had a marginal effect on the wear resistance of high crystallinity UHMWPE, whereas the low crystallinity sample became more prone to wear. Atomic force microscopy topography images and contact angle measurements of both samples before and after phospholipid exposure indicate that the higher crystallinity sample absorbed a greater density of DPPC. Increasing crystallinity is a way of escalating adsorption of surface active phospholipids onto UHMWPE to make it a more wear‐resistant load‐bearing material for total joint replacements. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
The effect of water on particle size, porosity and the rate of drug release from implanted titania reservoirs
Authors: Lopez Tessy , Ortiz Emma , Alexander‐Katz Roberto , Odriozola Jose A. , Quintana Patricia , Gonzalez Richard D. , Lottici Pier Paolo , Marino Iari G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThe implantation of controlled drug release devices represents a new strategy in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Sol–gel titania implants filled with valproic acid, have been used for this purpose to treat induced epilepsy in rats. The kinetics of the drug release depend on: (a) porosity, (b) chemical interactions between valproic acid and surface hydroxyl groups of titania, (c) particle size, and (d) particle size agglomerates. The concentration of water used in the hydrolysis reaction is an important variable in the degree of porosity, hydroxylation, and structural defects of the nanostructured titanium oxide reservoir. The titanium n‐butoxide/water ratio was systematically varied during the sol–gel synthesis, while maintaining the amount of valproic acid constant. Characterization studies were performed using DTA‐TGA, FTIR, Raman, TEM, SEM, BET, and in vitro release kinetic measurements. The particle agglomerate size and porosity were found to depend on the amount of water used in the sol–gel reaction. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010
Mechanisms of norbornadiene dimerization to Binor‐S using cationic CoI, RhI, and IrI catalysts
Authors: Wu Yong , Jin Lu , Xue Ying , Lee Ik‐Mo , Kim Chan Kyung 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe investigated the transition metal‐catalyzed reaction mechanisms of NBD dimerization to Binor‐S using cationic CoI, RhI, and IrI catalysts, using mPW1PW91, mPW1K, and B3LYP density functional methods. Our results indicate that the monomeric metal center has the ability to bind with four double bonds of two NBD molecules with a syn spatial geometry to form a penta‐coordinated complex. We designed three possible pathways, but found two of them blocked. The favored pathway involves three steps from the reactant precursor to the product precursor: the first step is the formation of a single bond to connect two NBD units, the second is the alkene insertion leading to the formation of the three‐membered ring structure, and the final step is the formation of the final product precursor. Orbital analysis showed metal…CC σ agostic interaction in the product precursor, which is in agreement with the previous experimental findings. In addition, we found that the solvent and counter‐ions had significant effects on the dimerization reactions. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 2010
Removal of heavy metals and cyanide from gold mine wastewater
Authors: Acheampong Mike A. , Meulepas Roel J.W. , Lens Piet N.L. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper reviews the technology and biotechnology to remove heavy metals (such as copper, arsenic, lead and zinc) and cyanide from contaminated wastewater. The paper places special emphasis on gold mine wastewater and the use of low cost materials as sorbent. Various biological as well as physicochemical treatment processes are discussed and compared on the basis of costs, energy requirement, removal efficiency, limitations and advantages. Sorption using natural plant materials, industrial and agricultural waste has been demonstrated to have the potential to replace conventional methods for the removal of heavy metals because of its cost effectiveness, efficiency and the local availability of these materials as biosorbent. The parameters affecting sorption, such as initial ion concentration, pH, sorbent dosage, particle size and temperature, are discussed. The overall treatment cost of metal and cyanide contaminated wastewater depends on the process employed and the local conditions. In general, technical applicability, cost‐effectiveness and plant simplicity are the key factors in selecting the most suitable treatment method. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Silica‐bonded S‐sulfonic acid as recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐decahydroacridines and 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes
Authors: Niknam Khodabakhsh , Panahi Farhad , Saberi Dariush , Mohagheghnejad Molki 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
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Silica‐bonded S‐sulfonic acid (SBSSA) has been found to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 1,8‐dioxo‐decahydroacridines and 1,8‐dioxo‐octahydroxanthenes in excellent yields. The former have been synthesized from aromatic aldehydes, amines, and 5,5‐dimethyl‐1,3‐cyclohexanedione, whereas the latter from this mixture without amines. The method is an easy access to functionalized acridine and xanthene derivatives. The catalyst can be reused. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Straightforward microwave‐assisted synthesis of 1‐carboxymethyl‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐hydroxy‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Martins Marcos A. P. , Beck Paulo H. , Moreira Dayse N. , Buriol Lilian , Frizzo Clarissa P. , Zanatta Nilo , Bonacorso Helio G. 
Published: February 2010

Abstract
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An efficient microwave‐assisted synthesis of 1‐carboxymethyl‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐hydroxy‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles from the cyclocondensation reaction between enones [CF3C(O)C(R2) = C(R1)(OR), where R2 = H, Me; R1 = H, Me, Et, Pr, i‐Pr, t‐Bu, i‐Bu, Ph, 4‐NO2‐Ph, 4‐Cl‐Ph, 4‐Br‐Ph, 4‐F‐Ph and R = Me, Et] and methyl hydrazinocarboxylate under solvent‐free conditions is reported. This process is an efficient alternative to the traditional thermal heating and furnishes the heterocyclic compounds in good to excellent yields in a short reaction time. To show the versatility of 1‐carboxymethyl‐5‐trifluoromethyl‐5‐hydroxy‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazoles, dehydration reactions of these compounds are also demonstrated. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2010).
Effect of municipal solid waste compost and sewage sludge use on wheat (Triticum durum): growth, heavy metal accumulation, and antioxidant activity
Authors: Lakhdar Abdelbasset , Iannelli Maria Adelaide , Debez Ahmed , Massacci Angelo , Jedidi Naceur , Abdelly Chedly 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Inappropriate utilisation of biosolids may adversely impact agrosystem productivity. Here, we address the response of wheat (Triticum durum) to different doses (0, 40, 100, 200 and 300 t ha−1) of either municipal solid waste (MSW) compost or sewage sludge in a greenhouse pot experiment. Plant growth, heavy metal uptake, and antioxidant activity were considered.RESULTS: Biomass production of treated plants was significantly enhanced at 40 t ha−1 and 100 t ha−1 of MSW compost (+48% and +78% relative to the control, respectively). At the same doses of sewage sludge, the increase was only 18%. Higher doses of both biosolids restricted significantly the plant growth, in concomitance with the significant accumulation of heavy metals (Ni2+, Pb2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+), especially in leaves. Leaf activities of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase and superoxide dismutase) were unchanged at 40 t ha−1 MSW compost or sewage sludge, but were significantly stimulated at higher doses (200–300 t ha−1), together with higher leaf concentration of reduced glutathione.CONCLUSION: This preliminary study suggests that a MSW supply at moderate doses (100 t ha−1) could be highly beneficial for wheat productivity. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Solar cell efficiency tables (version 35)
Authors: Green Martin A. , Emery Keith , Hishikawa Yoshihiro , Warta Wilhelm 
Published: February 2010

AbstractConsolidated tables showing an extensive listing of the highest independently confirmed efficiencies for solar cells and modules are presented. Guidelines for inclusion of results into these tables are outlined and new entries since July 2009 are reviewed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
De‐stigmatising human papillomavirus in the context of cervical cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kwan Tracy T. C. , Tam Kar‐fai , Lee Peter W. H. , Lo Sue S. T. , Chan Karen K. L. , Ngan Hextan Y. S. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractObjective: To identify the components of a human papillomavirus (HPV) message contributing to reducing the stigma of HPV in cervical cancer.Methods: 294 ethnic Chinese women attending a community‐based clinic in Hong Kong were randomly allocated to read one of three written HPV messages: Group ‘lr+hrHPV’: low‐risk and high‐risk HPVs facts, Group ‘hrHPV’: high‐risk HPV facts only and Group ‘ds+hrHPV’: high‐risk HPV facts and de‐stigmatising components, namely being anti‐stereotypical, motivational and low in complexity. Main outcome measures were high‐risk HPV‐related sexual stigma, knowledge, attitude towards message, and intention to be HPV‐tested measured by self‐administered questionnaires immediately before and after reading.Results: Message allocation had a significant effect on sexual stigma (F=5.219, p=0.006). Participants who read message ds+hrHPV showed the least stigma, and were significantly less likely to believe that high‐risk HPV infection implicated promiscuity, non‐monogamy or that monogamy offered complete protection against high‐risk HPV. The genital HPV‐focused message was more stigmatising than cervical cancer‐focused messages. Of all participants, 93% (237/254) and 97% (260/269) indicated a positive intention to be HPV‐tested before and after reading, respectively. There were no between‐group differences noted in terms of knowledge and intention to be HPV‐tested before or after reading.Conclusions: Our findings show that an HPV message containing specific de‐stigmatising components may reduce public stigma towards high‐risk HPV. Also, focusing solely on high‐risk HPV in the context of cervical cancer helps to avoid the stigmatising effect of genital warts from tainting perceptions about high‐risk HPV infection. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Manganese as Fuel in Slow‐Burning Pyrotechnic Time Delay Compositions
Authors: Swanepoel Darren , Del Fabbro Olinto , Focke Walter W. , Conradie Corrie 
Published: February 2010

AbstractManganese metal was evaluated as a fuel for slow‐burning delay compositions press‐filled in aluminium or compaction‐rolled in lead tubes. Oxides of antimony, bismuth, copper, manganese and vanadium were considered as oxidants. Measured burn rates for binary mixtures varied between 5 and 22 mm s−1 but slower burning ternary and quaternary compositions were also found. The addition of fumed silica to the Mn/MnO2 system had little effect on the propagation rate but a low level addition of hollow glass sphere significantly reduced the burn rate. MnMnO2 mixtures showed reliable burning over a wide stoichiometric range. In this system the fuel and the oxidant share a common metal. They combine to form the more stable intermediate oxide (MnO) releasing considerable quantities of heat in the process.
Light hidden‐sector U(1)s in string compactifications
Authors: Goodsell M. , Ringwald A. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWe review the case for light U(1) gauge bosons in the hidden‐sector of heterotic and type II string compactifications, present estimates of the size of their kinetic mixing with the visible‐sector hypercharge U(1), and discuss their possibly very interesting phenomenological consequences in particle physics and cosmology.
Transparent conducting thin films by co‐sputtering of ZnO‐ITO targets
Authors: Carreras Paz , Antony Aldrin , Roldán Rubén , Nos Oriol , Frigeri Paolo Antonio , Asensi José Miguel , Bertomeu Joan 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTransparent and conductive Zn‐In‐Sn‐O (ZITO) amorphous thin films have been deposited at room temperature by the rf magnetron co‐sputtering of ITO and ZnO targets. Co‐sputtering gives the possibility to deposit multicomponent oxide thin films with different compositions by varying the power to one of the targets. In order to make ZITO films with different Zn content, a constant rf power of 50 W was used for the ITO target, where as the rf power to ZnO target was varied from 25 W to 150 W. The as deposited films showed an increase in Zn content ratio from 17 to 67% as the power to ZnO target was increased from 25 to 150 W. The structural, electrical and optical properties of the as deposited films are reported. The films showed an average transmittance over 80% in the visible wavelength range. The electrical resistivity and optical band gap of the ZITO films were found to depend on the Zn content in the film. The ZITO films deposited at room temperature with lower Zn content ratios showed better optical transmission and electrical properties compared to ITO film. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Dependence of transport properties in tunnel junction on boron doping
Authors: Shi M. J. , Zeng X. B. , Liu S. Y. , Peng W. B , Xiao H. B , Liao X. B. , Wang Z. G. , Kong G. L. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBoron‐doped hydrogenated silicon films with different gaseous doping ratio (B2H6/SiH4) were fabricated as recombination p layers in tunnel junctions. The measurements of I‐V characteristics of the junctions and transparency spectra of p layer indicated that the best gaseous doping ratio of the recombination layer is 0.04, which is correlated to the degradation of short range order (SRO) in the inserted p thin film. The junction with such recombination layer has small resistance, near ohmic contact. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Variation of the Fermi level in n‐type microcrystalline silicon by electron bombardment and successive annealing: ESR and conductivity studies
Authors: Astakhov Oleksandr , Carius Reinhard , Petrusenko Yuri , Borysenko Valeriy , Barankov Dmytro , Finger Friedhelm 
Published: February 2010

AbstractESR and conductivity studies have been preformed on μc‐Si:H exposed to 2 MeV electron bombardment and successive annealing in order to investigate the influence of the defect density on the electronic properties of n‐type μc‐Si:H. With this approach one can vary the defect density in one and the same sample and directly deduce its influence on the electronic properties. The defect density is varied by 2 orders of magnitude with strong influence on the dark conductivity and electron spin resonance (ESR) properties. The relationship of ESR and conductivity data obtained over the whole defect density range is in agreement with the data obtained on the sets of samples deposited with different doping level. The results indicate that the Fermi level position in μc‐Si:H is defined by a balance of defect and donor states densities regardless of which of these quantities is varied. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Thin film silicon deposited at 100 °C by VHF PECVD: optoelectronic properties and incorporation in solar cells
Authors: Brinza Monica , Rath Jatindra K. , Schropp Ruud E. I. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractThis paper explores the possibility of producing amorphous and nanocrystalline silicon using very high frequency PECVD at a low substrate temperature of 123 °C at high deposition rate of 0.4‐0.7 nm/s. The quality of these amorphous layers remains similar to that obtained in layers deposited at low deposition rate of 0.1 nm/s. The amorphous‐to‐nanocrystalline transition is sensitive to deposition chamber history. The microstructure parameter of the best nanocrystalline layers amounts to 0.4. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)