bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sympathetic, parasympathetic and enteric regulation of the gastrointestinal vasculature in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under normal and postprandial conditions
Authors: Seth Henrik , Axelsson Michael 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARY
The control of the gastrointestinal hyperemia that occurs after feeding in most animals is of fundamental importance for the subsequent absorption, metabolism and redistribution of nutrients. Yet, in fish, it has received little attention and the nature of it is far from clear. We sought to investigate the importance of extrinsic and intrinsic innervation of the gastrointestinal tract in the regulation of gastrointestinal blood flow in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The contribution of the extrinsic innervation, i.e. by the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous system, was examined by comparing the response to the injection of a predigested nutrient diet into the proximal intestine of untreated fish with the response in fish in which the splanchnic and vagal innervation of the gut had been removed. We also injected the predigested nutrient diet into anaesthetized fish treated with tetrodotoxin that would block the intrinsic innervation of the gut (i.e. enteric nervous system). Our results confirm the notion that the sympathetic portion of the extrinsic innervation maintains the basal vascular tone, but neither the splanchnic nor the vagal innervation is fundamental to the postprandial hyperemia. However, the tetrodotoxin treatment completely abolished the postprandial hyperemia, indicating the importance of the enteric nervous system. In conclusion, it seems as though the enteric nervous system is essential to the regulation of the postprandial hyperemia, and that the extrinsic innervation is involved mainly in the regulation of gastrointestinal blood flow under normal conditions and in response to central coordination with other organs.
Call properties and morphology of the sound-producing organ in Ophidion rochei (Ophidiidae)
Authors: Parmentier Eric , Bouillac Grégory , Dragičević Branko , Dulčić Jakov , Fine Michael 
Published: August 2010

SUMMARY
The anatomical structures of the sound-producing organ in Ophidion rochei males present an important panel of highly derived characters: three pairs of putatively slow sonic muscles; a neural arch that pivots; a rocker bone at the front pole of the swimbladder; a stretchable swimbladder fenestra; a swimbladder plate; and an internal cone that terminates in a pair of membranes in the caudal swimbladder. Male courtship calls are produced nocturnally and consist of trains of 10 to 40 pulses that increase in amplitude and decrease in rate before exhibiting alternating periods of ca. 84 and 111 ms. Each pulse includes an unusual waveform with two parts. Pulse part 1 is a single cycle followed by a longer duration pulse part that exhibits gradual damping. Sounds and morphology suggest two hypotheses on the sound-producing mechanism. The ‘pulley’ hypothesis would require an alternate contraction of the ventral and dorsal muscles to form the two parts of each pulse. The ‘bow’ hypothesis involves a release mechanism with the sustained contraction of the dorsal muscle during all of the call, and the rapid contraction/relaxation of the ventral muscle to form each pulse.
Intrapersonal and Populational Heterogeneity of the Chemokine RANTES
Authors: Oran Paul E , Sherma Nisha D , Borges Chad R , Jarvis Jason W , Nelson Randall W 
Published: August 2010

BACKGROUNDCurrent immunoassays for the chemokine RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) are not tailored for specific isoforms that exist endogenously, despite the fact that variants with modified activity are known to exist. This is surprising in view of this protein’s ubiquitous increased presence in many diseases and that the 2 established isoforms are truncated by enzymes also correlated to disease. An in-depth population survey of RANTES heterogeneity in the context of multiple diseases via a mass spectrometric immunoassay (MSIA) may resolve this issue.METHODSWe developed an MSIA for RANTES and endogenous variants apparent in human plasma. Samples from multiple cohorts of individuals (type 2 diabetes, congestive heart failure, history of myocardial infarction, and cancer patients) were run in parallel with samples from healthy individuals (239 people total). We used 230 μL of plasma per individual and tabulated relative percent abundance (RPA) values for identified isoforms.RESULTSWe detected at least 19 variants, including the dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV)–truncated variant. The majority of variants were unreported in the literature. Identifiable modifications included N- and/or C-terminal truncations, oxidation, glycation, and glycosylation. We observed statistically significant differences in RPA values for multiple variants between disease cohorts and recognized prospective disease-specific protein profiles for RANTES.CONCLUSIONSBecause of widespread interest in the clinical value of RANTES, the protein diversity established here may aid in the design of future, fully quantitative assays. Equally important, an inclusive qualitative understanding of RANTES heterogeneity may present new insights into the relationship between RANTES and disease.
Genetic Differentiation, Clinal Variation and Phenotypic Associations With Growth Cessation Across the Populus tremula Photoperiodic Pathway
Authors: Ma Xiao-Fei , Hall David , Onge Katherine R St , Jansson Stefan , Ingvarsson Pär K 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Perennial plants monitor seasonal changes through changes in environmental conditions such as the quantity and quality of light. To ensure a correct initiation of critical developmental processes, such as the initiation and cessation of growth, plants have adapted to a spatially variable light regime and genes in the photoperiodic pathway have been implicated as likely sources for these adaptations. Here we examine genetic variation in genes from the photoperiodic pathway in Populus tremula (Salicaceae) for signatures diversifying selection in response to varying light regimes across a latitudinal gradient. We fail to identify any loci with unusually high levels of genetic differentiation among populations despite identifying four SNPs that show significant allele frequency clines with latitude. We do, however, observe large covariance in allelic effects across populations for growth cessation, a highly adaptive trait in P. tremula. High covariance in allelic effects is a signature compatible with diversifying selection along an environmental gradient. We also observe significantly higher heterogeneity in genetic differentiation among SNPs from the photoperiod genes than among SNPs from randomly chosen genes. This suggests that spatially variable selection could be affecting genes from the photoperiod pathway even if selection is not strong enough to cause individual loci to be identified as outliers. SNPs from three genes in the photoperiod pathway (PHYB2, LHY1, and LHY2) show significant associations with natural variation in growth cessation. Collectively these SNPs explain 10–15% of the phenotypic variation in growth cessation. Covariances in allelic effects across populations help explain an additional 5–7% of the phenotypic variation in growth cessation.
Avoidance of Long Mononucleotide Repeats in Codon Pair Usage
Authors: Gu Tingting , Tan Shengjun , Gou Xiaoxi , Araki Hitoshi , Tian Dacheng 
Published: August 2010

Abstract
Protein is an essential component for life, and its synthesis is mediated by codons in any organisms on earth. While some codons encode the same amino acid, their usage is often highly biased. There are many factors that can cause the bias, but a potential effect of mononucleotide repeats, which are known to be highly mutable, on codon usage and codon pair preference is largely unknown. In this study we performed a genomic survey on the relationship between mononucleotide repeats and codon pair bias in 53 bacteria, 68 archaea, and 13 eukaryotes. By distinguishing the codon pair bias from the codon usage bias, four general patterns were revealed: strong avoidance of five or six mononucleotide repeats in codon pairs; lower observed/expected (o/e) ratio for codon pairs with C or G repeats (C/G pairs) than that with A or T repeats (A/T pairs); a negative correlation between genomic GC contents and the o/e ratios, particularly for C/G pairs; and avoidance of C/G pairs in highly conserved genes. These results support natural selection against long mononucleotide repeats, which could induce frameshift mutations in coding sequences. The fact that these patterns are found in all kingdoms of life suggests that this is a general phenomenon in living organisms. Thus, long mononucleotide repeats may play an important role in base composition and genetic stability of a gene and gene functions.
Glycemia Determines the Effect of Type 2 Diabetes Risk Genes on Insulin Secretion
Authors: Heni Martin , Ketterer Caroline , Thamer Claus , Herzberg-Schäfer Silke A. , Guthoff Martina , Stefan Norbert , Machicao Fausto , Staiger Harald , Fritsche Andreas , Häring Hans-Ulrich 
Published: August 2010

OBJECTIVE
Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in diabetes risk genes reduce glucose- and/or incretin-induced insulin secretion. Here, we investigated interactions between glycemia and such diabetes risk polymorphisms.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Insulin secretion was assessed by insulinogenic index and areas under the curve of C-peptide/glucose in 1,576 subjects using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Participants were genotyped for 10 diabetes risk SNPs associated with β-cell dysfunction: rs5215 (KCNJ11), rs13266634 (SLC30A8), rs7754840 (CDKAL1), rs10811661 (CDKN2A/2B), rs10830963 (MTNR1B), rs7903146 (TCF7L2), rs10010131 (WFS1), rs7923837 (HHEX), rs151290 (KCNQ1), and rs4402960 (IGF2BP2).
Furthermore, the impact of the interaction between genetic variation in TCF7L2 and glycemia on changes in insulin secretion was tested in 315 individuals taking part in a lifestyle intervention study.

RESULTS
For the SNPs in TCF7L2 and WFS1, we found a significant interaction between glucose control and insulin secretion (all P ≤ 0.0018 for glucose × genotype). When plotting insulin secretion against glucose at 120 min OGTT, the compromising SNP effects on insulin secretion are most apparent under high glucose. In the longitudinal study, rs7903146 in TCF7L2 showed a significant interaction with baseline glucose tolerance upon change in insulin secretion (P = 0.0027). Increased glucose levels at baseline predicted an increase in insulin secretion upon improvement of glycemia by lifestyle intervention only in carriers of the risk alleles.

CONCLUSIONS
For the diabetes risk genes TCF7L2 and WFS1, which are associated with impaired incretin signaling, the level of glycemia determines SNP effects on insulin secretion. This indicates the increasing relevance of these SNPs during the progression of prediabetes stages toward clinically overt type 2 diabetes.
Acute Tibial Compartment Syndrome Following Spine Surgery
Authors: Ploumis Avraam , Casnellie Michael , Graber John N. , Dykes Daryll C. 
Published: August 2010

This article presents a case of a patient with popliteal artery occlusion following anterior and posterior instrumented fusion of the lumbar spine. No previous study has reported acute anterior tibial compartment syndrome due to popliteal artery occlusion and restricted venous return following spine surgery.
A 53-year old female, with a twice failed fusion of L5-S1, underwent L3-S1 anterior interbody and posterior L3-S1 instrumented fusion. Due to postoperative continuous analgesia, the patient was sleepy and confused on postoperative day 1. On the postoperative day 2, the right calf and anterolateral tibia manifested clinical signs of compartment syndrome and both thighs exhibited pressure ecchymoses from the antiembolism stockings. Fasciotomies of the right tibial compartments were undertaken and necrosis of the anterior compartment muscles was found. Intraoperative arteriogram revealed occlusion of the right popliteal artery and thrombectomy was performed. Lupus anticoagulant was found to be responsible for patient's coagulopathy. During postoperative year 1, the patient still had weakness and recurrent edema of the right foot.
Unrecognized limb ischemia and possibly restricted venous return were the causes of the compartment syndrome. Surgeons should be aware of this devastating complication of spine surgery.
Isotopic composition of particulate organic nitrogen and its relationship to nitrate assimilation in the Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Mercado Jesús M. , Ramírez Teodoro , Cortésand Dolores , Liger Esperanza 
Published: August 2010

The shifts in the 15N:14N ratio of particulate organic nitrogen (PON) suspended in the upper layer of the ocean have normally been interpreted in terms of changes in the isotopic composition of the source nitrogen used by the phytoplankton (nitrate, ammonium and dinitrogen gas) and/or the fractionation associated with the assimilation processes (14N is preferentially taken up by phytoplankton). The objective of the present study was to test which process, isotopic fractionation during NO3- uptake or reduced N-form consumption by phytoplankton, was more important in explaining the variations in the 15N signature of PON in the surface layer of a geostrophic front area (northwest Alboran Sea, Mediterranean Sea). Samples of PON were collected at 6 different stations during 4 seasonal surveys. The particulate organic carbon (POC) and PON concentrations averaged over the mixed layer (ML) ranged from 142 and 23 μg L-1 in summer to 104 and 13 μg L-1 in autumn respectively. The C:N molar ratio of organic matter also varied seasonally from 7.2 in summer, winter and spring to 9.3 in autumn. The range of variation of the δ15N of PON in the ML was –0.1‰ to 6.5‰. The lowest values of δ15N (lower than 1‰) were obtained in summer and winter. However, the δ15N of PON in autumn and spring was higher than 3.5‰. Consequently, the particulate matter in the ML was enriched in 15N by about 1.5‰ in autumn and spring with respect to summer and winter. The δ15N of PON in the surface layer was negatively correlated with nitrate concentration (r = -0.62, n = 22, p = 0.002). The δ15N was also negatively correlated with the proportion of nitrate to total inorganic nitrogen (i.e. the sum of nitrate, nitrite and ammonium). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between nitrate relative to nitrate plus ammonium
assimilation rates (rNO3–) and the δ15N (r = –0.71, n = 20; p < 0.001) for the surface samples. rNO3– was particularly low (lower than 0.2) for the surface samples collected during autumn, when primary productivity mainly depended on the consumption of ammonium coming from the recycling of organic matter. Therefore, δ15N of seston was a sensitive indicator of the transition from productivity based on nitrate to productivity based on regenerated ammonium.
ChemInform Abstract: P2Se5.
Authors: BLACHNIK R. , LOENNECKE P. , BOLDT K. , ENGELEN B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Behavior of Lead Silicate as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Iron and Zinc.
Authors: ARMSTRONG R. D. , PEGGS L. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Effect of σ‐Phase Precipitation at 800 °C on the Corrosion Resistance in Sea‐Water of a High Alloyed Duplex Stainless Steel.
Authors: WILMS M. E. , GADGIL V. J. , KROUGMAN J. M. , IJSSELING F. P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: RbFe(HPO4)2: An Iron(III) Phosphate with an Intersecting Tunnel Structure.
Authors: LII K.‐H. , WU L.‐S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: FTIR Study of the Cl + C2H2 Reaction: Formation of cis‐ and trans‐CHCl= CH Radicals
Authors: ZHU T. , YARWOOD G. , CHEN J. , NIKI H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Studies of Musk Compounds. Part 10. 1,1,2,3,3‐Pentamethyl‐2,3, 4,5,6,7‐hexahydroinden‐4‐one.
Authors: DE RIDDER D. J. A. , FRAANJE J. , SCHENK H. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐Oxoimidazolidine‐4‐carboxylate as a Novel Chiral Auxiliary for Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: KUBOTA H. , KUBO A. , NUNAMI K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Conformational Preferences of the Dehydrochlorination of α‐ Chlorosulfoxides.
Authors: SCHWAN A. L. , ROCHE M. R. , GALLAGHER J. F. , FERGUSON G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxocarbons and Related Compounds. Part 21. Diels‐Alder Reactions of 3‐ Halogeno‐3‐cyclobutene‐1,2‐diones with 1,1′‐Bis‐1‐cycloalkenyls. Synthesis of Dicycloalkano‐Annulated Dihydrobenzocyclobutenediones and Benzocyclobutenediones.
Authors: SCHMIDT A. H. , KUENZ C. , MALMBAK M. , ZYLLA J. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Flash Vacuum Pyrolysis of Stabilized Phosphorus Ylides. Part 1. Preparation of Aliphatic and Terminal Alkynes.
Authors: AITKEN R. A. , ATHERTON J. I. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Liquid‐Phase Autoxidation of Organic Compounds at Elevated Temperatures. Absolute Rate Constant for Intermolecular Hydrogen Abstraction in Hexadecane Autoxidation at 120‐190 °C
Authors: JENSEN R. K. , KORCEK S. , ZINBO M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Photoisomerization of 1,4‐Endoperoxides Derived from 1,2,3,4‐ Tetramethylanthracenes and 1,2,3,4‐Tetramethylnaphthalene.
Authors: RIGAUDY J. , LACHGAR M. , SAAD M. M. A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: The Trimerization of Isothiocyanates Under High Pressure.
Authors: TAGUCHI Y. , YASUMOTO M. , TSUCHIYA T. , SHIBUYA I. , YONEMOTO K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Free Radical Reactions of N‐Heterocyclic Compounds. Part 13. Oxidation of Cyclic Hydrazo Compounds with 2,4,6‐Tri‐tert‐butyl‐phenoxy Radical and Reactions of Radical Combination Products.
Authors: SCHULZ M. , MESKE M. , KLUGE R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation, Catalytic Activity of Supported Metalloporphyrin Catalysts on Polyvinylpyridine Polymers and Related Molecular Modeling Studies (Case of a Proximal Ligand Provided by the Polymer Itself).
Authors: PATTOU D. , LABAT G. , DEFRANCE S. , SERIS J.‐L. , MEUNIER B. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Ammonium Acetate as a Very Simple and Efficient Cocatalyst for Manganese Porphyrin‐Catalyzed Oxygenation of Hydrocarbons by Hydrogen Peroxide.
Authors: THELLEND A. , BATTIONI P. , MANSUY D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
ChemInform Abstract: Chromium‐Assisted Oxidations: A Simple and Efficient Oxidation of Oxazolopyridyl Carbinols by Aqueous tert‐Butyl Hydroperoxide.
Authors: N'AIT AJJOU A. , MUZART J. , SAVELON L. , GUILLAUMET G. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.