bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting photocatalytic water splitting of TiO2 using metal (Ru, Co, or Ni) co-catalysts for hydrogen generation
Authors: Thabet Safinaz M. , Abdelhamid Hani Nasser , Ibrahim Said A. , El-Bery Haitham M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles toward hydrogen generation can be significantly improved via the loading of various metals e.g., Ru, Co, Ni as co-catalysts. The metal co-catalysts are loaded into TiO2 nanoparticles via different deposition methods; incipient wet impregnation (Imp), hydrothermal (HT), or photocatalytic deposition (PCD). Among all of the tested materials, 0.1 wt% Ru–TiO2 (Imp) provided the highest initial hydrogen catalytic rate of 23.9 mmol h−1 g−1, compared to 10.82 and 16.55 mmol h−1 g−1 for 0.3 wt% Ni–TiO2 (Imp) and 0.3 wt% Co–TiO2 (Imp), respectively. The loading procedures, co-catalyst metals type, and their loading play a significant role in elevating the photocatalytic activity of pristine TiO2 semiconductors toward hydrogen generation. Redox transition metals e.g., Co and Ni exhibit comparable photocatalytic performance to expensive elements such as Ru.
Association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and serum uric acid to serum creatinine ratio in Chinese male gout patients
Authors: Shao Qian , Chi Jingwei , Che Kui , Zhou Yue , Huang Yajing , Wang Yunyang , Xue Yu , Wang Yangang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and serum uric acid to serum creatinine (SUA/SCr) ratio in male gout patients at different BMIs. This real-world study included 956 male gout patients aged 18–83 years. We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of Chinese male gout patients from 2017 to 2019. The correlation between LDL-C and SUA/SCr was tested after adjusting for confounding factors. We found a nonlinear relationship between LDL-C and SUA/SCr in the whole study population. Stratification analysis showed that there was actually a nonlinear relationship between LDL-C and SUA/SCr in men with a BMI of 24–28, the inflection point of LDL-C was 1.8 mmol/L, when LDL-C was greater than 1.8 mmol/L, there was a positive correlation between LDL-C levels and SUA/SCr (β = 0.67, 95% CI 0.35–0.98, P < 0.001). Moreover, LDL-C showed a significant positive correlation with SUA/SCr with a BMI of 28 or greater (β = 0.30, 95% CI 0.05–0.55, P = 0.019). However, no association was found between LDL-C and SUA/SCr with a BMI of less than 24 (β = 0.42, 95% CI − 0.03–0.86, P = 0.070). LDL-C levels were associated with SUA/SCr in Chinese male gout patients, but this correlation appeared inconsistent among different BMIs. Our findings suggest that LDL-C levels may be more noteworthy in overweight and/or obese male gout patients.
Neurological affection and serum neurofilament light chain in wild type transthyretin amyloidosis
Authors: Pernice Helena F. , Knorz Adrian L. , Wetzel Paul J. , Herrmann Carolin , Muratovic Harisa , Rieber Finn , Asaad Eleonora , Fiß Gunnar , Barzen Gina , Blüthner Elisabeth , Knebel Fabian , Spethmann Sebastian , Messroghli Daniel , Heidecker Bettina , Brand Anna , Wetz Christoph , Tschöpe Carsten , Hahn Katrin 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn contrast to inherited transthyretin amyloidosis (A-ATTRv), neuropathy is not a classic leading symptom of wild type transthyretin amyloidosis (A-ATTRwt). However, neurological symptoms are increasingly relevant in A-ATTRwt as well. To better understand the role of neurological symptoms in A-ATTRwt, A-ATTRwt patients were prospectively characterized at Amyloidosis Center Charité Berlin (ACCB) between 2018 and 2023 using detailed neurological examination, quality of life questionnaires, and analysis of age- and BMI-adapted serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) levels. 16 out of 73 (21.9%) patients presented with a severe neuropathy which we defined by a Neuropathy Impairment Score (NIS) of 20 or more. In this group, quality of life was reduced, peripheral neuropathy was more severe, and spinal stenosis and joint replacements were frequent. Age- and BMI matched serum NFL levels were markedly elevated in patients with a NIS ≥ 20. We therefore conclude that highly abnormal values in neuropathy scores such as the NIS occur in A-ATTRwt, and have an important impact on quality of life. Both peripheral neuropathy and spinal canal stenosis are likely contributors. Serum NFL may serve as a biomarker for neurological affection in patients with A-ATTRwt. It will be important to consider neurological aspects of A-ATTRwt for diagnosis, clinical follow-up, and future treatment development.
Alteration of prothrombin time in Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections with different levels of severity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sukati Suriyan , Wannatung Tirawat , Duangchan Thitinat , Kotepui Kwuntida Uthaisar , Masangkay Frederick Ramirez , Tseng Ching-Ping , Kotepui Manas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractMalaria infection leads to hematological abnormalities, including deranged prothrombin time (PT). Given the inconsistent findings regarding PT in malaria across different severities and between Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax, this study aimed to synthesize available evidence on PT variations in clinical malaria. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Ovid, and Medline from 27 November 2021 to 2 March 2023 to obtain studies documenting PT in malaria. Study quality was evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist, with data synthesized through both qualitative and quantitative methods, including meta-regression and subgroup analyses, to explore heterogeneity and publication bias. From 2767 articles, 21 studies were included. Most studies reported prolonged or increased PT in malaria patients compared to controls, a finding substantiated by the meta-analysis (P < 0.01, Mean difference: 8.86 s, 95% CI 5.32–12.40 s, I2: 87.88%, 4 studies). Severe malaria cases also showed significantly higher PT than non-severe ones (P = 0.03, Hedges’s g: 1.65, 95% CI 0.20–3.10, I2: 97.91%, 7 studies). No significant PT difference was observed between P. falciparum and P. vivax infections (P = 0.88, Mean difference: 0.06, 95% CI − 0.691–0.8, I2: 65.09%, 2 studies). The relationship between PT and malaria-related mortality remains unclear, underscoring the need for further studies. PT is typically prolonged or increased in malaria, particularly in severe cases, with no notable difference between P. falciparum and P. vivax infections. The inconsistency in PT findings between fatal and non-fatal cases highlights a gap in current understanding, emphasizing the need for future studies to inform therapeutic strategies.
Establishment of a novel protocol for assessing the severity of subarachnoid hemorrhage in circle Willis perforation mouse model
Authors: Zhang Rui , Khan Dilaware , Muhammad Sajjad 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Circle of Willis perforation (cWp) mouse model is a key tool in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) research; however, inconsistent bleeding volumes can challenge experimental reliability. To address this issue, we introduced the ROB Scoring System, a novel protocol integrating Rotarod Tests (RT), Open-field Tests (OT) video analysis, and daily Body Weight Loss (BWL) monitoring to precisely categorize SAH severity. Forty C57BL/6 mice underwent cWp SAH induction, categorized by ROB into severity subgroups (severe, moderate, mild). Validation compared ROB trends in subgroups, and ROB outcomes with autopsy results on postoperative days three and seven for acute and sub-acute evaluations. Mortality rates were analyzed via the survival log-rank test, revealing a significant difference among SAH subgroups (P < 0.05). Strong correlations between ROB grades and autopsy findings underscored its precision. Notably, the severe group exhibited 100% mortality within 4 days post SAH onset. Single parameters (RT, OT, BWL) were insufficient for distinguishing SAH severity levels. The ROB score represents a significant advancement, offering an objective method for precise categorization and addressing inherent bleeding variations in the cWp SAH model. This standardized protocol enhances the reliability and effectiveness of the SAH translational research, providing a valuable tool for future investigations into this critical area.
Discovery of active mouse, plant and fungal cytochrome P450s in endogenous proteomes and upon expression in planta
Authors: Font-Farre Maria , Brown Daniel , Toth Reka , Mahadevan Chidambareswaren , Brazier-Hicks Melissa , Morimoto Kyoko , Kaschani Farnusch , Sinclair John , Dale Richard , Hall Samantha , Morris Melloney , Kaiser Markus , Wright Aaron T. , Burton Jonathan , van der Hoorn Renier A. L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractEukaryotes produce a large number of cytochrome P450s that mediate the synthesis and degradation of diverse endogenous and exogenous metabolites. Yet, most of these P450s are uncharacterized and global tools to study these challenging, membrane-resident enzymes remain to be exploited. Here, we applied activity profiling of plant, mouse and fungal P450s with chemical probes that become reactive when oxidized by P450 enzymes. Identification by mass spectrometry revealed labeling of a wide range of active P450s, including six plant P450s, 40 mouse P450s and 13 P450s of the fungal wheat pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici. We next used transient expression of GFP-tagged P450s by agroinfiltration to show ER-targeting and NADPH-dependent, activity-based labeling of plant, mouse and fungal P450s. Both global profiling and transient expression can be used to detect a broad range of active P450s to study e.g. their regulation and discover selective inhibitors.
POU6F2, a risk factor for glaucoma, myopia and dyslexia, labels specific populations of retinal ganglion cells
Authors: Lin Fangyu , Li Ying , Wang Jiaxing , Jardines Sandra , King Rebecca , Chrenek Micah A. , Wiggs Janey L. , Boatright Jeffrey H. , Geisert Eldon E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPou6f2 is a genetic connection between central corneal thickness (CCT) in the mouse and a risk factor for developing primary open-angle glaucoma. POU6F2 is also a risk factor for several conditions in humans, including glaucoma, myopia, and dyslexia. Recent findings demonstrate that POU6F2-positive retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) comprise a number of RGC subtypes in the mouse, some of which also co-stain for Cdh6 and Hoxd10. These POU6F2-positive RGCs appear to be novel of ON–OFF directionally selective ganglion cells (ooDSGCs) that do not co-stain with CART or SATB2 (typical ooDSGCs markers). These POU6F2-positive cells are sensitive to damage caused by elevated intraocular pressure. In the DBA/2J mouse glaucoma model, heavily-labeled POU6F2 RGCs decrease by 73% at 8 months of age compared to only 22% loss of total RGCs (labeled with RBPMS). Additionally, Pou6f2−/− mice suffer a significant loss of acuity and spatial contrast sensitivity along with an 11.4% loss of total RGCs. In the rhesus macaque retina, POU6F2 labels the large parasol ganglion cells that form the magnocellular (M) pathway. The association of POU6F2 with the M-pathway may reveal in part its role in human glaucoma, myopia, and dyslexia.
Prevalence of impaired foot function in baseball players with and without disabled throwing shoulder/elbow: a case–control study
Authors: Nagamoto Hideaki , Takahashi Shimpei , Okunuki Takumi , Wakamiya Kazuki , Maemichi Toshihiro , Kurokawa Daisuke , Muraki Takayuki , Takahashi Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Aizawa Toshimi , Kumai Tsukasa 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPrevalence of impaired foot function among baseball players with and without a disabled throwing shoulder/elbow was investigated. The study included 138 male players. Players who had previously complained of shoulder/elbow pain during throwing motion were defined as the players with a history, and those who experienced shoulder/elbow pain during the examination were defined as having the injury. Foot function was evaluated by foot “rock paper scissors” movements and floating toes. Their prevalence was assessed and the relationships between players with and without the injuries were statistically analyzed. The prevalence of players with a history and injury was 27% and 7%, respectively. The prevalence of impaired foot function on the non-throwing side among players with injury was significantly higher than those without (60% vs. 28%, P < 0.001) and higher tendency on the throwing side than those without (60% vs. 32%). Regarding floating toes, players with a relevant history showed a significantly higher prevalence on the throwing side than those without (49% vs 28%, P < 0.001) and higher tendency on the non-throwing side than those without (49% vs 32%). Players with disabled throwing shoulder/elbow have a significantly higher prevalence of impaired foot function and floating toes than players without it.
Underwater acoustic analysis reveals unique pressure signals associated with aircraft crashes in the sea: revisiting MH370
Authors: Kadri Usama 
Published: May 2024

AbstractData analysis from the hydroacoustic stations of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organization has unveiled distinctive pressure signals linked to aircraft crashes of varying sizes in the ocean. Notably, these signals were detected at distances ranging from two to five thousand kilometres, highlighting the efficacy of underwater acoustic technology in event identification and classification in marine environments. In this study, we investigate the plausibility of an aircraft, such as Malaysian Airlines Flight 370 (MH370), crashing into the sea leaving a discernible pressure signal at distant hydrophones. Consequently, we focus on recordings obtained from the hydroacoustic monitoring stations located at Cape Leeuwin and Diego Garcia, within a few minutes of the last satellite ping on the 7th arc, associated with the assumed crash time and location. Among the available data, only one relevant signal has emerged as a potential candidate, albeit recorded at a single station out of the two stations available. To ensure a comprehensive analysis, we also examine the time frame and location of the airplane along its initial route. Though no corresponding signal was observed. Nevertheless, the findings in this study narrow down the range of possibilities and present a novel scientific approach to investigate such incidents. These findings contribute to our understanding of acoustic signals associated with aircraft crashes at sea. They emphasise the potential for hydrophones to detect events even when the signal travels long distances through land. Ultimately, this research offers recommendations for conducting on-site experiments involving controlled explosions with energy levels similar to the impact of MH370 along the 7th arc. The aim is to encourage pertinent authorities to implement actions that could reveal insights into the destiny of MH370 specifically. Additionally, this initiative seeks to establish a comprehensive framework for addressing comparable incidents in the broader ocean context.
GC–MS based antioxidants characterization in Saussurea heteromalla (D. Don) Hand-Mazz by inhibition of nitric oxide generation in macrophages
Authors: Saboon  , Iqbal Asia , Bibi Yamin , Afzal Tayyiba , Sher Ahmad , Qayyum Abdul , Akmal Muhammad , Almoallim Hesham S. , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Zeng Yawen 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFor centuries, medicinal plants have served as the cornerstone for traditional health care systems and same practice is still prevalent today. In the Himalayan region, Saussurea heteromalla holds a significant place in traditional medicine and is used to address various health issues. Despite its historical use, little exploration has focused on its potential for scavenging free radicals and reducing inflammation. Hence, our current study aims to investigate the free radical scavenging capabilities of S. heteromalla extracts. The n-hexane extract of entire plant revealed promising activity. This extract underwent extensive extraction on a larger scale. Subsequent purification, employing column chromatography, HPLC–DAD techniques, led to the identification of active compounds, confirmed via GC–MS and the NIST database as 1-O-butyl 2-O-octyl benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate and 2,4-ditert-butylphenol. Assessing the free radical scavenging properties involved utilizing RAW-264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharides. Notably, the compound 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol exhibited remarkable scavenging abilities, demonstrating over 80% inhibition of Nitric oxide. This study stands as the inaugural report on the isolation of these compounds from S. heteromalla.
Albumin levels in malaria patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of their association with disease severity
Authors: Kuraeiad Saruda , Kotepui Kwuntida Uthaisar , Mahittikorn Aongart , Masangkay Frederick Ramirez , Wilairatana Polrat , Suwannatrai Apiporn Thinkhamrop , Thinkhamrop Kavin , Wangdi Kinley , Kotepui Manas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAlbumin, a key protein in human blood plasma, has been linked to various health conditions. However, its association with malaria, particularly in assessing disease severity, remains inadequately understood. This comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the relationship between albumin levels and malaria severity. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including Embase, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid, and Google Scholar, to identify studies examining albumin levels in malaria patients. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity was assessed usingI2statistics. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed based on publication year, study location, andPlasmodiumspecies. A total of 37 studies were included in this review. The thematic synthesis indicated that albumin levels in malaria patients varied significantly based on geographical location. A meta-analysis of 28 studies found that albumin levels were significantly lower in malaria patients compared with non-malarial controls (P < 0.001, standardized mean differences [SMD] = −2.23, 95% CI − 3.25 to − 1.20,I2: 98%, random effects model, 28 studies). Additionally, subgroup analysis revealed variations in albumin levels based on geographical location andPlasmodiumspecies. Regarding the association with disease severity, thematic synthesis showed that severe malaria cases generally had decreased albumin levels across various regions. However, one Brazilian study reported higher albumin levels in severe cases. A separate meta-analysis of five studies found significantly lower albumin levels in patients experiencing severe malaria relative to those with less severe forms of the disease (P < 0.001, SMD = −0.66, 95% CI − 1.07 to − 0.25),I2: 73%, random effects model, 5 studies). This study underscores the clinical significance of albumin as a potential biomarker forPlasmodiuminfection and the severity of malaria. The findings suggest that albumin level monitoring could be crucial in managing malaria patients, especially in assessing disease severity and tailoring treatment approaches. Additional studies are required to investigate the underlying mechanisms driving these associations and validate the clinical utility of albumin levels in malaria patient management.
A multilingual analysis of pro Russian misinformation on Twitter during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Lai Cameron , Toriumi Fujio , Yoshida Mitsuo 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Russian government has long since engaged in an information campaign of propaganda and disinformation as a major part of foreign policy. This has been taken to new heights since the invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. In this study, we investigate pro-Russian misinformation within the opening weeks of the invasion in 6 languages: English, Japanese, Spanish, French, German, and Korean. Using Twitter data, we apply a combination of network and language embedding models to identify popular topics of misinformation amongst users in each language. Despite English users forming the most dominant language base on Twitter, we find that the popularity of misinformation in Japanese regularly outstrips English for certain topics. Misinformation shared by Spanish users is also over-represented in proportion to its much smaller user base. Our results provide insight into the current state of misinformation in each language. While we discuss some of the possible drivers behind the factors such as language over-representation, our study also highlights the need for further cross-lingual misinformation research in order to better understand this phenomena in a truly global context.
Highly integrable planar-structured printed circularly polarized antenna for emerging wideband internet of things applications in the millimeter-wave band
Authors: Ullah Ubaid , Koziel Slawomir , Pietrenko-Dabrowska Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a numerically and experimentally validated printed wideband antenna with a planar geometry for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This design tackles the challenges associated with deploying IoT sensors in remote areas or across extensive geographical regions. The proposed design exploits a coplanar-waveguide-fed modified microstrip line monopole for excitation of circularly polarized waves radiating in the broadside direction. The primary design is based on perturbations of the microstrip line protracted from a grounded coplanar waveguide. The capacitively coupled short rectangular stubs are periodically inserted alternately and excited asymmetrically on each side of the microstrip line parallel to the direction of the electric field vector. The sequential phase excitation of the periodic stubs generates a rectangular-cascaded electric field, which suppresses the stop band at the open end. As a result, the antenna radiates in the broadside direction. The impedance bandwidth of the antenna exceeds 8 GHz in the 28 GHz mm-wave band, i.e., it ranged from 25 to 33.5 GHz. Additionally, an axial ratio below 3 dB is achieved within the operating band from 26 to 33.5 GHz with the alterations of the surface current using straightforward topological adjustments of the physical parameters. The average in-band realized gain of the antenna is 10 dBic when measured in the broadside direction. These results indicate that the proposed design has the potential to improve the connectivity between IoT devices and the constantly varying orientation of satellites by mitigating the polarization mismatch.