bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated Blood Pressure During Sleep and Wake in Children With Sleep-Disordered Breathing
Authors: Horne Rosemary S. C. , Yang Joel S. C. , Walter Lisa M. , Richardson Heidi L. , O'Driscoll Denise M. , Foster Alison M. , Wong Shi , Ng Michelle L. , Bashir Farhat , Patterson Ruth , Nixon Gillian M. , Jolley Damien , Walker Adrian M. , Anderson Vicki , Trinder John , Davey Margot J. 
Published: June 2011

OBJECTIVE:Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in adults has been associated with elevated blood pressure (BP); however, the effects of severity of SDB on BP in children are uncertain. We addressed this issue by measuring BP noninvasively and continuously during sleep in children with a range of severities of SDB and in a group of nonsnoring control children.METHODS:A total of 105 children referred for assessment of SDB and 36 nonsnoring controls were studied. Routine polysomnography (PSG) was performed with continuous BP monitoring. Children were assigned to groups according to obstructive apnea/hypopnea index (OAHI). BP data were categorized as quiet awake (recorded before sleep onset), non–rapid eye movement sleep 1 and 2 combined, slow-wave sleep, and rapid eye movement sleep.RESULTS:BP during awake before sleep onset and during overnight sleep was elevated by 10 to 15 mm Hg in the 3 SDB groups compared with the control group; this finding was independent of SDB severity. BP during stable sleep (with respiratory events and movements excluded) was also elevated in the children with OSA compared with the control group. BP was elevated in rapid eye movement sleep compared with the non–rapid eye movement sleep, and heart rate was higher during wake state than in all sleep states.CONCLUSIONS:We recorded BP continuously overnight and found that SDB, regardless of the severity, was associated with increased BP during sleep and wake compared with nonsnoring control children. These findings highlight the importance of considering the cardiovascular effects of SDB of any severity in children, and the need to review current clinical management that focuses primarily on more severe SDB.
Water distribution network calibration using enhanced GGA and topological analysis
Authors: Giustolisi O. , Berardi L. 
Published: June 2011

The calibration of hydraulic models of water distribution networks (WDN) is of preeminent importance for their analysis and management. It is usually achieved by solving a constrained optimization problem based on some priors on decision variables and the demand-driven simulation of the entire network, given the observations of some hydraulic status variables (i.e. typically nodal heads and sometimes pipe flows). This paper presents a framework to perform the calibration of pipe hydraulic resistances considering two main issues: (i) the enhancements of WDN simulation models allowing us to simplify network topology with respect to serial nodes/trunks and/or to account for a more realistic representation of distributed demands and (ii) a different formulation of the calibration problem itself.
Depending on the available measurements, the proposed calibration strategy reduces the hydraulic simulation model size and can permit the decomposition of the network. On the one hand, such a procedure allows for numerical and computational advantages, especially for large size networks. On the other hand, it allows a prompt analysis of observability of calibration decision variables based on actual observations and might help identifying those pipes (i.e. hydraulic resistances) which are more important for the whole network behaviour.
Restriction of Advanced Glycation End Products Improves Insulin Resistance in Human Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Uribarri Jaime , Cai Weijing , Ramdas Maya , Goodman Susan , Pyzik Renata , Chen Xue , Zhu Li , Striker Gary E. , Vlassara Helen 
Published: June 2011

OBJECTIVE
Increased oxidative stress (OS) and impaired anti-OS defenses are important in the development and persistence of insulin resistance (IR). Several anti-inflammatory and cell-protective mechanisms, including advanced glycation end product (AGE) receptor-1 (AGER1) and sirtuin (silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (SIRT1) are suppressed in diabetes. Because basal OS in type 2 diabetic patients is influenced by the consumption of AGEs, we examined whether AGE consumption also affects IR and whether AGER1 and SIRT1 are involved.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
The study randomly assigned 36 subjects, 18 type 2 diabetic patients (age 61 ± 4 years) and 18 healthy subjects (age 67 ± 1.4 years), to a standard diet (&gt;20 AGE equivalents [Eq]/day) or an isocaloric AGE-restricted diet (&lt;10 AGE Eq/day) for 4 months. Circulating metabolic and inflammatory markers were assessed. Expression and activities of AGER1 and SIRT1 were examined in patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PMNC) and in AGE-stimulated, AGER1-transduced (AGER1+), or AGER1-silenced human monocyte-like THP-1 cells.

RESULTS
Insulin and homeostasis model assessment, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α and nuclear factor-κB p65 acetylation, serum AGEs, and 8-isoprostanes decreased in AGE-restricted type 2 diabetic patients, whereas PMNC AGER1 and SIRT1 mRNA, and protein levels normalized and adiponectin markedly increased. AGEs suppressed AGER1, SIRT-1, and NAD+ levels in THP-1 cells. These effects were inhibited in AGER1+ but were enhanced in AGER1-silenced cells.

CONCLUSIONS
Food-derived pro-oxidant AGEs may contribute to IR in clinical type 2 diabetes and suppress protective mechanisms, AGER1 and SIRT1. AGE restriction may preserve native defenses and insulin sensitivity by maintaining lower basal OS.
Blood Pressure Trajectories Prior to Death in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Rogers Mary A.M. , Ward Kathleen , Gure Tanya R. , Choe Hae M. , Lee Pearl G. , Bernstein Steven J. , Blaum Caroline S. 
Published: June 2011

OBJECTIVE
The goals of this study were to examine trajectories of blood pressure (BP) in adults with diabetes and investigate the association of trajectory patterns with mortality.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A nonconcurrent longitudinal design was used to monitor 3,766 Medicare patients with diabetes from 2005 through 2008. Data were extracted from a registry of Medicare beneficiaries, which was developed by a large academic practice that participated in the Physician Group Practice Medicare Demonstration. The relationship between BP trajectories and all-cause mortality was modeled using multilevel mixed-effects linear regression.

RESULTS
During the 4-year study period, 10.7% of the patients died, half of whom were aged ≥75 years. The crude and adjusted models both showed a greater decline in systolic and diastolic BP in patients who died than in those who did not die. In a model adjusted for age, sex, race, medications, and comorbidities, the mean systolic BP decreased by 3.2 mmHg/year (P &lt; 0.001) in the years before death and by 0.7 mmHg/year (P &lt; 0.001) in those who did not die (P &lt; 0.001 for the difference in slopes). Similarly, diastolic BP declined by 1.3 mmHg/year for those who died (P &lt; 0.001) and by 0.6 mmHg/year for those who did not die (P &lt; 0.001); the difference in slopes was significant (P = 0.021).

CONCLUSIONS
Systolic and diastolic BP both declined more rapidly in the 4 years before death than in patients who remained alive.
Above genetics: Lessons from cerebral development in autism
Authors: Williams Emily , Casanova Manuel 
Published: June 2011

AbstractWhile a distinct minicolumnar phenotype seems to be an underlying factor in a significant portion of cases of autism, great attention is being paid not only to genetics but to epigenetic factors which may lead to development of the conditions. Here we discuss the indivisible role the molecular environment plays in cellular function, particularly the pivotal position which the transcription factor and adhesion molecule, β-catenin, occupies in cellular growth. In addition, the learning environment is not only integral to postnatal plasticity, but the prenatal environment plays a vital role during corticogenesis, neuritogenesis, and synaptogenesis as well. To illustrate these points in the case of autism, we review important findings in genetics studies (e.g., PTEN, TSC1/2, FMRP, MeCP2, Neurexin-Neuroligin) and known epigenetic factors (e.g., valproic acid, estrogen, immune system, ultrasound) which may predispose towards the minicolumnar and connectivity patterns seen in the conditions, showing how one-gene mutational syndromes and exposure to certain CNS teratogens may ultimately lead to comparable phenotypes. This in turn may shed greater light on how environment and complex genetics combinatorially give rise to a heterogenetic group of conditions such as autism.
Des affects en musique : de la création à l'expérience esthétique
Authors: Verdier Véronique 
Published: June 2011

Résumé La musique provoque des émotions, elle nous bouscule, nous touche, nous bouleverse, souvent durablement. Mais peut-on pour autant dire que la musique exprime des émotions ? Cette nuance peut paraître subtile, mais grâce à elle s’ouvre la possibilité d’entrer dans le phénomène musical et de saisir l’affect concret qui peut émerger de cette expérience. L’écoute est envisagée comme saisie active de la dynamique d’une œuvre musicale, une écoute qui suscite, comme en écho, une dynamique affective chez l’auditeur.
Le poids des codes symboliques et de la prédétermination dans l'expression musicale de la souffrance et de la déchirure
Authors: Charles-Dominique Luc 
Published: June 2011

Résumé L’objet de cette communication est de mettre en évidence le traitement stéréotypé de l’expression musicale de la souffrance et de la déchirure, dont les références aux musiques de la mort (des lamentations au sonore ritualisé), aux notions de « noirceur » et « d’impureté », mais plus généralement de « contrariété », de déstabilisation et de rupture des éléments du langage musical sont centrales. Cependant, au-delà de ce traitement stéréotypé et de la question de la prédétermination culturelle et esthétique qu’il suggère, l’interprète doit se déjouer d’une trop grande prévisibilité – qui viderait ces affects de leur substance anxiogène – en recourant notamment à la discontinuité timbrique, la seule susceptible de refléter sa personnalité intime, de le mettre à nu, de bouleverser l’auditeur, de faire que l’émotion soit ressentie et partagée.
Le c(h)oeur battant-chantant de Dionysos
Authors: Schott-Billmann France 
Published: June 2011

Résumé Danser en chantant est une pratique courante des fêtes traditionnelles populaires. La culture orale a conservé ce langage global qui invoque par tout le corps, sans séparer la musique, le geste et la voix, alors que l’Occident les dissocie depuis le xv e siècle, sauf dans l’opéra. Le xx e siècle désireux de revenir aux sources en déconstruisant les formes classiques, renoue avec l’art total. Ainsi, le mouvement Dada invente une poésie phonétique composée non pas de mots, mais d’onomatopées, de cris et de rythmes. Mais, encore trop « cérébrale », elle est bien oubliée aujourd’hui. Par contre, les arts primitivistes musico-chorégraphiques, comme la « Black dance » aux États-Unis, le jazz et, aujourd’hui le rock, réussissent à faire passer dans la modernité les lois rythmiques de la culture orale : le rythme, la symétrie et la répétition. Ces rythmes premiers qui « miment » les processus vitaux du cœur, du souffle et de la répétition, amènent le danseur-chanteur à participer tout naturellement et avec tout son corps (geste et voix) à la musique. Uni au battement vital, le « démon » Dionysos, dieu tragique dont le cœur bat au-delà de la mort, dieu mystique qui accepte la perte et la dépasse, le sujet renouvelle l’expérience enthousiasmante du fort-da et la jouissance de la non-contradiction des « opposés » corps/esprit, individu/groupe, dedans/dehors, nature/culture, réel/symbolique, masculin/féminin, humain/divin. L’accès à la Loi humanisante par la participation au cœur battant de Dionysos est l’origine et l’enjeu civilisateur des arts populaires, que Nietzsche appelle dionysiaques. C’est pourquoi ils contiennent, conservent et transmettent les rythmes premiers. Aussi, le cœur de Dionysos bat-il aujourd’hui plus vivant que jamais : la pulsation de la culture rock et de ses dérivés (rap, hip-hop…) enveloppe d’oralité « médiatique » la Terre tout entière.
Souffrance de Ferdinand de Saussure
Authors: Zaepffel Alain 
Published: June 2011

Résumé Dans ses carnets consacrés à la poésie greco-latine, Ferdinand de Saussure nomme anagramme la dissémination par les poètes d’un mot dans l’espace d’un ou de plusieurs vers. Toutefois il note : « Le terme anaphonie serait plus juste. » Les « fragments phoniques » dispersés parfois sur six vers, dans les poèmes latins peuvent s’entendre comme des voix revêtues du nom d’un héros ou d’un dieu par le linguiste. Or, la voix (« figure vocale », « onde sonore ») est exclue de la définition du signe par Saussure. Dès lors, ces carnets ne peuvent-ils apparaître comme la tentative secrète de réinscrire la voix au cœur du signe afin d’en rémunérer l’arbitraire ?
Un fils devenu fétiche
Authors: Girard-Frésard Jacqueline 
Published: June 2011

Résumé L’auteure présente l’itinéraire d’un cas clinique ; une fillette perd son père à 9 ans et développe face à une mère « frigidaire vide d’affect » une homosexualité affective à la fin de l’adolescence. Elle devient à l’âge adulte artiste photographe et elle choisit son fils comme objet artistique de prédilection, tel un objet fétiche.
Les dynamiques d'opposition dans les situations de conflit : les partis arabo-palestiniens d'Israël
Authors: Kaufman Ilana 
Published: June 2011

Résumé Cet article identifie les conditions entraînant la labellisation de partis anti-système “purement” relationnels en accord avec les principes démocratiques comme partis d’opposition subversifs pour le régime. L’hypothèse avancée est que trois variables sont à prendre en compte dans ce phénomène : un clivage et une tension sécuritaire entre une majorité et une minorité nationale ; une structure fermée de compétition et l’instauration de la suprématie de partis de droite. Le cas d’étude de partis représentant la minorité arabo-palestinienne en Israël est utilisé pour illustrer ces dynamiques entre 2000 et 2009.
Les effets des référendums européens sur les dynamiques de compétition des partis d'opposition : une perspective comparée
Authors: Petithomme Mathieu 
Published: June 2011

Résumé À travers une analyse comparée de huit référendums européens en Espagne, en France et en Irlande depuis le Traité de Maastricht en 1992, cet article s’intéresse aux effets du contexte référendaire sur les dynamiques de compétition des partis d’opposition. En faisant apparaître un « cartel du Oui », les référendums déplacent le clivage dominant entre gouvernement et opposition dans les démocraties majoritaires, augmentant le factionnalisme et diminuant la capacité de mobilisation des principaux partis de l’opposition, tiraillés entre soutien idéologique à l’intégration européenne et opposition stratégique au gouvernement, renforçant ainsi le rôle joué par les partis périphériques de l’opposition.
Femtosecond Laser Capsulotomy and Manual Continuous Curvilinear Capsulorrhexis Parameters and Their Effects on Intraocular Lens Centration
Authors: Kránitz Kinga , Takacs Agnes , Miháltz Kata , Kovács Illés , Knorz Michael C. , Nagy Zoltán Z. 
Published: June 2011

PURPOSE:
To measure and compare sizing and positioning parameters of femtosecond laser capsulotomy with manual continuous curvilinear capsulorrhexis (CCC).

METHODS:
Femtosecond capsulotomies (Alcon-LenSx Lasers Inc) and CCC were carried out in 20 eyes of 20 patients, respectively. Intraocular lens (IOL) decentration, circularity, vertical and horizontal diameters of capsulotomies, and capsule overlap were measured with Adobe Photoshop (Adobe Systems Inc) 1 week, 1 month, and 1 year after surgery. Between-group differences of parameters and predictors of IOL decentration were determined with repeated measures analysis of variance, chi-square test, and logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS:

Vertical diameter of CCC was statistically significantly higher in the first week and month. Significantly higher values of capsule overlap over 1 year and circularity in the first week showed more regular femtosecond capsulotomies. Horizontal IOL decentration was statistically significantly higher in the CCC group over 1 year. A significant difference was noted between the two groups in dichotomized horizontal decentration values at 0.4 mm with chi-square test after 1 week and 1 year (
P
=.035 and
P
=.016, respectively). In univariable general estimating equation models, type of capsulorrhexis (
P
<.01) and capsule overlap (
P
=.002) were significant predictors of horizontal decentration. Vertical diameter showed significant correlation to the overlap in the CCC group (1 week: r=−0.91; 1 month: r=−0.76,
P
<.01; 1 year: r=−0.62,
P
<.01), whereas no significant correlation was noted in the femtosecond group (
P
>.05).

CONCLUSIONS:
More precise capsulotomy sizing and centering can be achieved with femtosecond laser. Properly sized, shaped, and centered femtosecond laser capsulotomies resulted in better overlap parameters that help maintain proper positioning of the IOL.
18FDG-PET/CT Assessing the Absence of Cell Viability and Excluding Metastatic Disease in a Case of Necrotic Choroidal Melanoma
Authors: Romero-Aroca Pedro , Montero-Jaime Manuel , Intriago Belén , Riu Frances , Peña-Gonzalez Karla B. , Almena-Garcia Matias 
Published: June 2011

Purpose To report a case of choroidal melanoma in which the absence of 18FDG-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) uptake in the whole body scan excluded the presence of any foci of metastases. Additionally, the PET/CT study correctly diagnosed the necrotic character of the lesion. Methods A 76-year-old woman with neovascular glaucoma, and without vitreous or retina visualization, was studied by our ophthalmology service. Results Ocular ultrasound showed an 18 × 16 mm vitreous exophytic image compatible with choroidal melanoma; magnetic resonance gave a 17 × 15 mm exophytic image, highly intense at T1 and hypointense at T2, with cystic and necrotic images after a contrast injection. An 18FDG-PET/CT study revealed a clearly hypometabolic lesion, representing absence of cell viability and excluding active melanoma cells. No other uptake lesions were detected at the whole-body PET/CT scan, assuming the absence of extraocular metastases. The eye was enucleated, and the pathology study showed a 16 × 15 mm necrotic choroidal melanoma. Conclusions The 18FDG-PET/CT study correctly depicted the necrotic character of the choroidal melanoma and was able to exclude other foci of metastases.
The Impact of Information Technology on Motor Carrier Productivity
Authors: McMullen B. Starr 
Published: June 2011

This study examines the relationship between motor carrier productivity, marketing strategy, and use of information technology for a sample of U.S. general freight commodity carriers. We use a unique data set containing information on firm marketing strategy and information technology use collected in a survey of Class I and II motor carrier firms (U.S. Department of Transportation, 1999). The measure of productivity used here is the non-parametric Malmquist Index as explained in Grosskopf (1993) and previously applied to general freight motor carriers by McMullen and Okuyama (2000). The Malmquist Index is decomposed into two components: economic efficiency change (EC) and technical efficiency change (TC). A tobit model regression model is used to examine the relationship between firm productivity, marketing strategy, and use of information technology. Information technologies included in the tobit analysis are electronic data interchange (EDI) and satellite communications (SATCOM). We also include firm size, use of owner-operators, and percent unionization as explanatory variables in the tobit regression. Results indicate that use of EDI has a positive and significant impact on economic efficiency (EC). Firms that try to market their product by providing service at the "lowest freight rate" are found to exhibit greater technical efficiency (TC), suggesting that productivity and cost measures that ignore marketing strategy may be biased. Finally, economic efficiency (EC) is found to be significantly greater for firms that are more heavily unionized.
The role of platelets in defence against pathogens
Authors: Clemetson K. J. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryMany more platelets are present in healthy mammals than are necessary for routine haemostasis. Thus, they could have other functions. Platelets have many of the attributes of innate immune function including Toll-like receptors. They also contain a wide range of anti-microbial peptides in storage granules. Platelets play an important role in bacterial infections, both in disease progress and in defence mechanisms depending on circumstances. Similar mechanisms are used in defence against fungi. Platelets are also involved in viral diseases, either in protecting from the immune system or in killing viruses that activate platelets. Finally, platelets have a role in defence against parasitic diseases, in particular malaria, that should not be ignored, and may aggravate some of the worst aspects. Platelets also have receptors for IgE and are implicated via parasitic disorders in development and problems of allergy.
Rubber, 10. Technology
Authors: von Langenthal Wolfram , Schnetger Jochen 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThe article contains sections titled:1.Latex Processing1.1.Latex Testing1.2.Transportation, Storage, and In‐House Distribution of Latices1.3.Compounding and Compounding Formulation1.3.1.Additives1.3.1.1.Colloidally Active Substances1.3.1.2.Rubber Chemicals1.3.1.3.Fillers and Pigments1.3.2.Compounding1.4.Processing Procedure1.4.1.Processing of Rubber Articles1.4.1.1.Dipped Goods1.4.1.2.Rubber‐Coated Metal1.4.1.3.Rubber Threads1.4.1.4.Cast Articles1.4.1.5.Molded Foams1.4.2.Processing of Functional Materials1.4.2.1.Can Sealants1.4.2.2.Adhesives1.4.2.3.Elastified Concrete1.4.2.4.Modified Mortar and Fillers1.4.2.5.Paints1.4.2.6.Bitumen Modifications1.4.2.7.Chewing Gum1.4.2.8.Acrylonitrile ‐ Butadiene ‐ Styrene (ABS) Polymers1.4.3.Application on Substrates1.4.3.1.Paper and Cardboard1.4.3.2.Carpeting1.4.3.3.Shoe Materials1.4.3.4.Textile Finishing1.4.3.5.Textile Printing1.4.3.6.Textile Finishing with Rubber Primer1.4.3.7.Gaskets1.4.3.8.Nonwoven Fabrics2.Solid Rubber Processing2.1.Internal Mixer (Kneader)2.1.1.Construction2.1.2.Mode of Operation2.1.3.Compounding2.2.Open Mill2.2.1.Construction2.2.2.Mode of Operation2.2.3.Compounding2.2.4.Prewarming2.3.Pellet and Strip Feeding2.4.Production of Sheeted and Reinforced Rubber2.4.1.Calenders2.4.2.Calendering Process2.4.3.Sheet Production in the Extrusion Process2.4.4.Vulcanization of Rubber Sheets2.5.Extruded Articles2.5.1.Extruders2.5.2.Vulcanization of Extrudates2.5.2.1.Batch Processes2.5.2.2.Pressure‐Free Continuous Vulcanization2.5.2.3.Continuous Vulcanization under Pressure2.5.3.Profile Geometry Measurement2.6.Molded Articles2.6.1.Production Process2.6.1.1.Molding Process2.6.1.2.Injection Molding2.6.2.Mold Cleaning‐Contamination2.6.3.Deflashing2.7.Solutions of Rubber Compounds