bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endometrial local injury improves the pregnancy rate among recurrent implantation failure patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: KARIMZADEH Mohammad Ali , AYAZI ROZBAHANI Maryam , TABIBNEJAD Nasim 
Published: December 2009

Background:  Implantation failure is the most important cause of recurrent in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) failure. It has been reported that endometrial injury using a biopsy catheter resulted in a higher pregnancy rate in following cycle of treatment. The local endometrial trauma increases the implantation rate through the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and growth factor.Aims:  To evaluate the influence of endometrial biopsy on increasing implantation rate in patients with recurrent implantation failures.Methods:  In a randomised control trial study, 115 women each with at least two implantation failures were randomly assigned to two groups. In the case group, endometrial biopsy was obtained from patients in the luteal phase of previous cycle, and implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were compared with those of patients in the control group.Results:  The implantation rate was determined as 10.9% in the biopsy group compared to 3.38% in the controls. The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the case group than in controls (27.1% and 8.9% respectively).Conclusion:  The results suggest that pregnancy outcome increases through IVF or ICSI after endometrial biopsy.
Collateral Failure? Late Mechanical Thrombectomy after Failed Intravenous Thrombolysis
Authors: Liebeskind David S. , Kim Doojin , Starkman Sidney , Changizi Kelly , Ohanian Arbi G. , Jahan Reza , Viñuela Fernando 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSECollaterals may compensate for reduced blood flow in acute ischemic stroke, yet endurance and quality of collateral perfusion may vary. Collateral sustenance of penumbra may falter after initial recruitment, resulting in progressive ischemia and clinical deficits. Delayed collateral failure may extend the time window for revascularization, even after failed intravenous thrombolysis.CASE DESCRIPTIONA 76‐year‐old woman returned to normal from National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 18 following intravenous thrombolysis, despite persistent occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery. Subsequent deterioration was successfully reversed with mechanical thrombectomy almost 14 hours after symptom onset.CONCLUSIONSEarly clinical improvement or deterioration may reflect collateral perfusion, not necessarily recanalization or reocclusion. The definition of collateral failure must incorporate the expected role and endurance of collaterals. Further investigation of collateral pathophysiology may reveal predictive clinical or imaging features and disclose collateral therapeutic approaches to augment revascularization.J Neuroimaging 2010;20:78‐82.
MRI Features of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in 33 Patients
Authors: Donmez Fuldem Y. , Basaran Ceyla , Kayahan Ulu Esra M. , Yildirim Mahir , Coskun Mehmet 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEWe report the clinical and radiological features of posterior reversible encephalopathy and compare our findings to the literature.METHODSThe brain magnetic resonance imaging and clinical records of 33 patients were retrospectively evaluated. Twenty‐four patients had follow‐up imaging, which confirmed the reversibility of the lesions; 9 patients were clinically followed and recovered. The clinical records were analyzed for the age, sex, gender, underlying etiology, and clinical symptoms. MR images were evaluated for the distribution of the lesions, contrast enhancement and diffusion‐weighted‐imaging (DWI) features, reversibility, and complications.RESULTSThe most commonly involved localizations were frontal lobe in 51.5%, parietal lobe in 84.8%, occipital lobe in 72.7%, temporal lobe in 33.3%, and cerebellum in 33.3%. Nineteen patients had DWI, which showed vasogenic edema in 17 and cytotoxic edema in 2. Sixteen patients had contrast‐enhanced images; 4 of them showed focal enhancement. Nine patients had the complication of hemorrhage.CONCLUSIONThe involvement of different localizations formerly known as atypical is now commonly encountered. Intravenous contrast administration may be of use to demonstrate focal enhancement and exclude other diseases in the differential. DWI is essential to distinguish the type of edema. Repeat imaging including DWI should be performed to follow the response to therapy.J Neuroimaging 2010;20:22‐28.
Extremely halophilic microbial communities in anaerobic sediments from a solar saltern
Authors: López‐López Arantxa , Yarza Pablo , Richter Michael , Suárez‐Suárez Ana , Antón Josefa , Niemann Helge , Rosselló‐Móra Ramón 
Published: December 2009

SummaryThe prokaryotic communities inhabiting hypersaline sediments underlying a crystallizer pond of a Mediterranean solar saltern have been studied in a polyphasic approach including 16S rRNA and dsrAB gene libraries analysis [the last encoding for dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase], most probable number of cultivable counts, and metabolic measurements of sulfate reduction. The samples studied here represent one of the most hypersaline anoxic environments sampled worldwide that harbour a highly diverse microbial community different from those previously reported in other hypersaline sediments. Both bacterial and archaeal types are present but, contrarily to the overlying brine system, the former dominates. Molecular analyses indicated that the bacterial fraction is highly diverse and mostly composed by groups related to sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). In good agreement with this, sulfate‐reducing activity was detected in the sediment, as well as the metabolic diversity within SRB (as indicated by the use of different electron donors in enrichments). On the other hand, the archaeal fraction was phylogenetically homogeneous and, surprisingly, strongly affiliated with the MBSl‐1 candidate division, an euryarchaeotal group only reported in deep‐sea hypersaline anoxic basins of the Western Mediterranean, for which a methanogenic metabolism was hypothesized. The hypersaline studied samples constitute a valuable source of new prokaryotic types with metabolisms adapted to the prevalent in situ extreme conditions.
Expression of a Synthesized Gene Encoding Cationic Peptide Cecropin B in Transgenic Tomato Plants Protects against Bacterial Diseases
Authors: Jan Pey-Shynan , Huang Hsu-Yuang , Chen Hueih-Min 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTThe cationic lytic peptide cecropin B (CB), isolated from the giant silk moth (Hyalophora cecropia), has been shown to effectively eliminate Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, the effects of chemically synthesized CB on plant pathogens were investigated. The S50s (the peptide concentrations causing 50% survival of a pathogenic bacterium) of CB against two major pathogens of the tomato,Ralstonia solanacearumandXanthomonas campestrispv. vesicatoria, were 529.6 μg/ml and 0.29 μg/ml, respectively. The CB gene was then fused to the secretory signal peptide (sp) sequence from the barley α-amylase gene, and the new construct, pBI121-spCB, was used for the transformation of tomato plants. Integration of the CB gene into the tomato genome was confirmed by PCR, and its expression was confirmed by Western blot analyses.In vivostudies of the transgenic tomato plant demonstrated significant resistance to bacterial wilt and bacterial spot. The levels of CB expressed in transgenic tomato plants (∼0.05 μg in 50 mg of leaves) were far lower than the S50determinedin vitro. CB transgenic tomatoes could therefore be a new mode of bioprotection against these two plant diseases with significant agricultural applications.
Characterization of the
ars
Gene Cluster from Extremely Arsenic-Resistant
Microbacterium
sp. Strain A33
Authors: Achour-Rokbani Asma , Cordi Audrey , Poupin Pascal , Bauda Pascale , Billard Patrick 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT

The arsenic resistance gene cluster of
Microbacterium
sp. A33 contains a novel pair of genes (
arsTX
) encoding a thioredoxin system that are cotranscribed with an unusual
arsRC2
fusion gene,
ACR3
, and
arsC1
in an operon divergent from
arsC3
. The whole
ars
gene cluster is required to complement an
Escherichia coli ars
mutant. ArsRC2 negatively regulates the expression of the pentacistronic operon. ArsC1 and ArsC3 are related to thioredoxin-dependent arsenate reductases; however, ArsC3 lacks the two distal catalytic cysteine residues of this class of enzymes.
Acetate Permease (ActP) Is Responsible for Tellurite (TeO
3
2−
) Uptake and Resistance in Cells of the Facultative Phototroph
Rhodobacter capsulatus
Authors: Borghese Roberto , Zannoni Davide 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACT

The highly toxic oxyanion tellurite has to enter the cytoplasm of microbial cells in order to fully express its toxicity. Here we show that in the phototroph
Rhodobacter capsulatus
, tellurite exploits acetate permease (ActP) to get into the cytoplasm and that the levels of resistance and uptake are linked.
Vascular responses to nitrite are mediated by xanthine oxidoreductase and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in the ratThis article is one of a selection of papers published in a special issue on Advances in Cardiovascular Research.
Authors: Golwala Neel H. , Hodenette Christopher , Murthy Subramanyam N. , Nossaman Bobby D. , Kadowitz Philip J. 
Published: December 2009

Sodium nitrite has been shown to have vasodilator activity in experimental animals and in human subjects. However, the mechanism by which nitrite anion is converted to vasoactive nitric oxide (NO) is uncertain. It has been hypothesized that deoxyhemoglobin, xanthine oxidoreductase, mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, and other heme proteins can reduce nitrite to NO, but studies in the literature have not identified the mechanism in the intact rat, and several studies report no effect of inhibitors of xanthine oxidoreductase. In the present study, the effects of the xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor allopurinol and the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide on decreases in mean systemic arterial pressure in response to i.v. sodium nitrite administration were investigated in the rat. The decreases in mean systemic arterial pressure in response to i.v. administration of sodium nitrite were inhibited in a selective manner after administration of allopurinol in a dose of 25 mg/kg i.v. A second 25 mg/kg i.v. dose had no additional inhibitory effect on the response to sodium nitrite. The decreases in mean systemic arterial pressure in response to sodium nitrite were attenuated by cyanamide and a second 25 mg/kg i.v. dose had no additional inhibitory effect. In l-NAME-treated animals, allopurinol attenuated responses to sodium nitrite and a subsequent administration of cyanamide had no additional effect. When the order of administration of the inhibitors was reversed, responses to sodium nitrite were attenuated by administration of cyanamide and a subsequent administration of allopurinol had no additional inhibitory effect. The results of these studies suggest that nitrite can be reduced to vasoactive NO in the systemic vascular bed of the rat by xanthine oxidoreductase and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase and that the 2 pathways of nitrite activation act in a parallel manner.
Femoral Radiographic Landmarks for Lateral Collateral Ligament Reconstruction and Repair
Authors: Kamath Ganesh V. , Redfern John C. , Burks Robert T. 
Published: December 2009

Background Little work has been made regarding the use of radiographic landmarks in fibular collateral ligament reconstruction. Radiographic tools can be of use to the surgeon in posterolateral reconstruction as secondary checks in the setting of tissue and bony attrition. Hypothesis Using standardized radiographic imaging, a zone for femoral tunnel placement in lateral collateral ligament (LCL) reconstruction can be identified. Study Design Descriptive laboratory study. Methods Eight fresh-frozen unmatched knees, free of any osseous or articular pathological changes, were selected for dissection (mean age, 61.3 years). Skin and surrounding soft tissues were left intact. Subsequent dissection was carried out to identify the true origin of the LCL. A radiographic marker was applied. True lateral radiographs of the distal femur (posterior condyles overlapping) were taken. Digital radiographic images were obtained and analyzed. Results The Blumensaat line was found to be closely associated with the LCL origin on lateral radiographic imaging. On average, the LCL ligament was found to be 58% (±4.7%) across the width of the condyle and 2.3 mm (±2.3 mm) distal to the Blumensaat line. In all specimens, the anatomical LCL origin was found to have less than 5 mm variance from the mean. Conclusion The LCL origin is located within a specific region that is noted to have a small amount of variance. This is of benefit to the clinician in the traumatic and reconstructive setting where the true origin may not be easily identifiable through dissection. Clinical Relevance Intraoperative fluoroscopic imaging can be used as an adjunctive tool for femoral tunnel placement during posterolateral corner and LCL reconstruction.
Identification of MarvelD3 as a tight junction-associated transmembrane protein of the occludin family
Authors: Steed Emily , Rodrigues Nelio TL , Balda Maria S , Matter Karl 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
Tight junctions are an intercellular adhesion complex of epithelial and endothelial cells, and form a paracellular barrier that restricts the diffusion of solutes on the basis of size and charge. Tight junctions are formed by multiprotein complexes containing cytosolic and transmembrane proteins. How these components work together to form functional tight junctions is still not well understood and will require a complete understanding of the molecular composition of the junction.

Results
Here we identify a new transmembrane component of tight junctions: MarvelD3, a four-span transmembrane protein. Its predicted transmembrane helices form a Marvel (MAL and related proteins for vesicle traffic and membrane link) domain, a structural motif originally discovered in proteins involved in membrane apposition and fusion events, such as the tight junction proteins occludin and tricellulin. In mammals, MarvelD3 is expressed as two alternatively spliced isoforms. Both isoforms exhibit a broad tissue distribution and are expressed by different types of epithelial as well as endothelial cells. MarvelD3 co-localises with occludin at tight junctions in intestinal and corneal epithelial cells. RNA interference experiments in Caco-2 cells indicate that normal MarvelD3 expression is not required for the formation of functional tight junctions but depletion results in monolayers with increased transepithelial electrical resistance.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that MarvelD3 is a third member of the tight junction-associated occludin family of transmembrane proteins. Similar to occludin, normal expression of MarvelD3 is not essential for the formation of functional tight junctions. However, MarvelD3 functions as a determinant of epithelial paracellular permeability properties.
Expression of classic cadherins and δ-protocadherins in the developing ferret retina
Authors: Etzrodt Johannes , Krishna-K K , Redies Christoph 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundCadherins are a superfamily of calcium-dependent adhesion molecules that play multiple roles in morphogenesis, including proliferation, migration, differentiation and cell-cell recognition. The subgroups of classic cadherins and δ-protocadherins are involved in processes of neural development, such as neurite outgrowth, pathfinding, target recognition, synaptogenesis as well as synaptic plasticity. We mapped the expression of 7 classic cadherins (CDH4, CDH6, CDH7, CDH8, CDH11, CDH14, CDH20) and 8 δ-protocadherins (PCDH1, PCDH7, PCDH8, PCDH9, PCDH10, PCDH11, PCDH17, PCDH18) at representative stages of retinal development and in the mature retina of the ferret by in situ hybridization.ResultsAll cadherins investigated by us are expressed differentially by restricted populations of retinal cells during specific periods of the ferret retinogenesis. For example, during embryonic development, some cadherins are exclusively expressed in the outer, proliferative zone of the neuroblast layer, whereas other cadherins mark the prospective ganglion cell layer or cells in the prospective inner nuclear layer. These expression patterns anticipate histogenetic changes that become visible in Nissl or nuclear stainings at later stages. In parallel to the ongoing development of retinal circuits, cadherin expression becomes restricted to specific subpopulations of retinal cell types, especially of ganglion cells, which express most of the investigated cadherins until adulthood. A comparison to previous results in chicken and mouse reveals overall conserved expression patterns of some cadherins but also species differences.ConclusionsThe spatiotemporally restricted expression patterns of 7 classic cadherins and 8 δ-protocadherins indicate that cadherins provide a combinatorial adhesive code that specifies developing retinal cell populations and intraretinal as well as retinofugal neural circuits in the developing ferret retina.
Soluble iron modulates iron oxide particle-induced inflammatory responses via prostaglandin E2 synthesis: In vitro and in vivo studies
Authors: Beck-Speier Ingrid , Kreyling Wolfgang G , Maier Konrad L , Dayal Niru , Schladweiler Mette C , Mayer Paula , Semmler-Behnke Manuela , Kodavanti Urmila P 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
Ambient particulate matter (PM)-associated metals have been shown to play an important role in cardiopulmonary health outcomes. To study the modulation of PM-induced inflammation by leached off metals, we investigated intracellular solubility of radio-labeled iron oxide (59Fe2O3) particles of 0.5 and 1.5 μm geometric mean diameter. Fe2O3 particles were examined for the induction of the release of interleukin 6 (IL-6) as pro-inflammatory and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as anti-inflammatory markers in cultured alveolar macrophages (AM) from Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats. In addition, we exposed male WKY rats to monodispersed Fe2O3 particles by intratracheal instillation (1.3 or 4.0 mg/kg body weight) to examine in vivo inflammation.

Results
Particles of both sizes are insoluble extracellularly in the media but moderately soluble in AM with an intracellular dissolution rate of 0.0037 ± 0.0014 d-1 for 0.5 μm and 0.0016 ± 0.0012 d-1 for 1.5 μm 59Fe2O3 particles. AM exposed in vitro to 1.5 μm particles (10 μg/mL) for 24 h increased IL-6 release (1.8-fold; p < 0.05) and also PGE2 synthesis (1.9-fold; p < 0.01). By contrast, 0.5 μm particles did not enhance IL-6 release but strongly increased PGE2 synthesis (2.5-fold, p < 0.005). Inhibition of PGE2 synthesis by indomethacin caused a pro-inflammatory phenotype as noted by increased IL-6 release from AM exposed to 0.5 μm particles (up to 3-fold; p < 0.005). In the rat lungs, 1.5 but not 0.5 μm particles (4.0 mg/kg) induced neutrophil influx and increased vascular permeability.

Conclusions
Fe2O3 particle-induced neutrophilic inflammatory response in vivo and pro-inflammatory cytokine release in vitro might be modulated by intracellular soluble iron via PGE2 synthesis. The suppressive effect of intracellular released soluble iron on particle-induced inflammation has implications on how ambient PM-associated but soluble metals influence pulmonary toxicity of ambient PM.
Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Danish sheep: confirmation by DNA sequencing
Authors: Kiilerich Anne M , Christensen Henrik , Thamsborg Stig M 
Published: December 2009

Abstract

Background
The presence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, an Ixodes ricinus transmitted bacterium, was investigated in two flocks of Danish grazing lambs. Direct PCR detection was performed on DNA extracted from blood and serum with subsequent confirmation by DNA sequencing.

Methods
31 samples obtained from clinically normal lambs in 2000 from Fussingø, Jutland and 12 samples from ten lambs and two ewes from a clinical outbreak at Feddet, Zealand in 2006 were included in the study. Some of the animals from Feddet had shown clinical signs of polyarthritis and general unthriftiness prior to sampling. DNA extraction was optimized from blood and serum and detection achieved by a 16S rRNA targeted PCR with verification of the product by DNA sequencing.

Results
Five DNA extracts were found positive by PCR, including two samples from 2000 and three from 2006. For both series of samples the product was verified as A. phagocytophilum by DNA sequencing.

Conclusions

A. phagocytophilum was detected by molecular methods for the first time in Danish grazing lambs during the two seasons investigated (2000 and 2006).
Subclinical thyroid dysfunctions are independent risk factors for mortality in a 7.5-year follow-up: the Japanese–Brazilian thyroid study
Authors: Sgarbi José A , Matsumura Luiza K , Kasamatsu Teresa S , Ferreira Sandra R , Maciel Rui M B 
Published: December 2009

ObjectiveThe currently available data concerning the influence of subclinical thyroid disease (STD) on morbidity and mortality are conflicting. Our objective was to investigate the relationships between STD and cardiometabolic profile and cardiovascular disease at baseline, as well as with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in a 7.5-year follow-up.DesignProspective, observational study.MethodsAn overall of 1110 Japanese–Brazilians aged above 30 years, free of thyroid disease, and not taking thyroid medication at baseline were studied. In a cross-sectional analysis, we investigated the prevalence of STD and its relationship with cardiometabolic profile and cardiovascular disease. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality rates were assessed for participants followed for up to 7.5 years. Association between STD and mortality was drawn using multivariate analysis, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsA total of 913 (82.3%) participants had euthyroidism, 99 (8.7%) had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 69 (6.2%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism. At baseline, no association was found between STD and cardiometabolic profile or cardiovascular disease. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs (95% confidence interval)) for all-cause mortality were significantly higher for individuals with both subclinical hyperthyroidism (HR, 3.0 (1.5–5.9); n=14) and subclinical hypothyroidism (HR, 2.3 (1.2–4.4); n=13) than for euthyroid subjects. Cardiovascular mortality was significantly associated with subclinical hyperthyroidism (HR, 3.3 (1.4–7.5); n=8), but not with subclinical hypothyroidism (HR, 1.6 (0.6–4.2); n=5).ConclusionIn the Japanese–Brazilian population, subclinical hyperthyroidism is an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, while subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with all-cause mortality.