bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional control of Rohon‐Beard sensory neuron development at the neural plate border
Authors: Rossi Christy Cortez , Kaji Takao , Artinger Kristin Bruk 
Published: September 2009

AbstractDouble in situ hybridization of a 2 somite zebrafish embryo stained with prdm1a (red) and sox19a (green) to reveal the neural plate border and neural plate respectively. Cover image collected with the help of C. Cave and advice from M. A. Wright in A. B. Ribera's lab. From Cortez‐Ross et al., Developmental Dynamics 238:931–943. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Two New Helical Compounds Based on Pitch‐Tunable Keggin Clusters
Authors: Pang Hai‐jun , Zhang Chun‐jing , Peng Jun , Wang Yong‐hui , Sha Jing‐quan , Tian Ai‐xiang , Zhang Peng‐peng , Chen Yuan , Zhu Min , Su Zhong‐min 
Published: September 2009

AbstractTwo isostructural compounds, {[Cu2(DF)2H2O]2SiW12O40}·2H2O (1) and {[Cu2(DF)2H2O]2GeMo12O40}·2H2O (2) (DF = 4,5‐diazafluoren‐9‐one), were synthesized and characterized by routine methods and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In the compounds, each Keggin cluster links five copper dimers [Cu2(DF)2H2O]2+ in an unusual asymmetrical pentacoordination mode to form 3D networks with left‐ and right‐handed helical chains. Notably, by comparing 1 and 2 with other helical compounds with Keggin clusters as connectors, we found that the pitches of those compounds are mainly dominated by the coordination modes of the Keggin clusters, suggesting that the Keggin clusters are pitch‐tunable synthons. Furthermore, the luminescent and electrochemical properties of the title compound were studied. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Trichocladinols A–C, Cytotoxic Metabolites from a Cordyceps‐Colonizing Ascomycete Trichocladium opacum
Authors: Guo Huijuan , Sun Bingda , Gao Hao , Niu Shubin , Liu Xingzhong , Yao Xinsheng , Che Yongsheng 
Published: September 2009

AbstractTrichocladinols A–C (1–3), three new metabolites, and the known massarigenin A (4), have been isolated from cultures of a Cordyceps‐colonizing ascomycete Trichocladium opacum. Their structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopy and X‐ray crystallography. The absolute configuration of 1 was assigned by using the modified Mosher method and that of 3 was determined by X‐ray crystallographic analysis of its (S)‐MTPA ester. Compounds 1–3 showed modest cytotoxic effects against the human tumor cell lines HeLa and MCF‐7. Structurally, compounds 1 and 2 possess a previously undescribed 2,9‐dioxatricyclo[5.2.1.03,8]dec‐4‐ene skeleton.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Supported Chiral Monodentate Ligands in Rhodium‐Catalysed Asymmetric Hydrogenation and Palladium‐Catalysed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation
Authors: Swennenhuis Bert H. G. , Chen Ruifang , van Leeuwen Piet W. N. M. , de Vries Johannes G. , Kamer Paul C. J. 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA family of monodentate polystyrene‐supported phosphites, phosphoramidites and phosphanes has been prepared and evaluated as ligands in rhodium‐catalysed asymmetric hydrogenation and palladium‐catalysed asymmetric allylic alkylation. The supported ligands yielded active and enantioselective catalysts, which in selected cases match the performance of the nonsupported counterparts. As expected, the performance of the supported ligands in the rhodium‐catalysed hydrogenation depends on the nature of the ligand, the type of polymeric support, as well as on the substrate. Additionally, the supported ligands have been applied in the monodentate ligand combination approach, by combining them with nonsupported monodentate ligands. The partially supported heteroligand combinations possess different catalytic properties than the related nonsupported combinations. The heteroligand species, however, are not formed selectively, and nonsupported homoleptic complexes also contribute to the overall activity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)
Gene expression analysis identifies over‐expression of CXCL1, SPARC, SPP1, and SULF1 in gastric cancer
Authors: Junnila Siina , Kokkola Arto , Mizuguchi Toru , Hirata Koichi , Karjalainen‐Lindsberg Marja‐Liisa , Puolakkainen Pauli , Monni Outi 
Published: September 2009

AbstractTo elucidate gene expression signatures associated with gastric carcinogenesis, we performed a genome‐wide expression analysis of 46 Finnish and 20 Japanese gastric tissues. Comparative analysis between Finnish and Japanese datasets identified 58 common genes that were differentially expressed between cancerous and non‐neoplastic gastric tissues. Twenty‐six of these genes were up‐regulated in cancer and 32 down‐regulated. Of these genes, 64% were also differentially expressed in another unrelated publicly available dataset. The expression levels of four of the up‐regulated genes, CXCL1, SPARC, SPP1 and SULF, were further analyzed in 82 gastric tissues using quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR. This analysis validated the results from the microarray analysis as the expression of these four genes was significantly higher in the cancerous tissue compared with the normal tissue (fold change 3.4–8.9). Over‐expression of CXCL1 also positively correlated with improved survival. To conclude, irrespective of the microarray platform or patient population, a common gastric cancer gene expression signature of 58 genes, including CXCL1, SPARC, SPP1, and SULF, was identified. These genes represent potential biomarkers for gastric cancer. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The use of transient pressure analysis at the Dounreay Shaft Isolation Project
Authors: Pollard Rick , Jones Warren , Whitfield John 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThis paper provides an assessment of the use of pressure fall‐off data during the Dounreay Shaft Isolation Project. The instrumentation controlling the injection of grout monitors and records both the pressure and the flow rate throughout the process, so pressure fall‐off data is collected during any pauses to, and at the end of, each grout injection. The shapes of the pressure fall‐off vs time curves have been examined qualitatively and categorised. The fall‐off data has also been examined using PanSystem well test software, which creates the pressure change and pressure derivative curves, then attempts to simulate the fall‐off curve by iteration after selection of a flow and boundary model chosen from the wide range available. The implications that the shapes of the pressure and derivative curves and the flow and boundary models have for the grout curtain have been examined. The caveats that surround the quantitative use of results from Pan‐System analyses for a cement grout rather than a Newtonian fluid are discussed.Diese Veröffentlichung handelt von der Beurteilung des Einsatzes und der Analyse von Daten zum Druckabfall im Zuge der Injektion am Schachtabdichtungsprojekt Dounreay, Schottland, UK. Die Instrumentation der Baustelle war darauf ausgelegt, Messwerte von Druck und Injektionsrate anzuzeigen, aufzuzeichnen und als Diagramm darzustellen. Damit war es möglich, in jeder Injektionsunterbrechung (also bei Rate = Null) und zu jedem Passenende Druckabfalldaten aufzuzeichnen. Die Form dieser Druckabfallkurven gegen die Zeit wurde qualitativ untersucht und kategorisiert. Eine weitere Interpretation dieser Daten erfolgte mittels des Programms “PanSystem”. Bei dieser Methodik werden die Druckänderungen über kleine Zeitinkremente errechnet und deren Ableitung über die Zeit in Kurvenform dargestellt. Durch iterative Simulation und Eingabe von Randbedingungen (“boundaries”) für das jeweilige Strömungsmodell – ausgewählt aus einer weiten Bandbreite von Möglichkeiten – ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, u. a. die Strömungsdimension, Strömungshindernisse und Reichweite der Injektion zu prognostizieren. Die daraus gezogenen Schlüsse für den Injektionsschirm wurden für die qualitative Abnahme der Arbeiten mitverwendet. In dem vorliegenden Artikel wird auch auf die möglichen Vorbehalte eingegangen, die sich aus den rheologischen Abweichungen von Injektionsmischungen gegenüber einer Newtonschen Flüssigkeit ergeben.
Notches formed by shear failures in tunnels (cherry pit mechanism) – advances in the progress of failure
Authors: Preh Alexander , Poisel Rainer 
Published: September 2009

AbstractRabcewicz was the first to describe the shear failure of cavities in rock (“Cherry pit mechanism”), which he observed in detail not only in tunnelling but also in mining and described into very advanced phases. He also developed an analytical model for this mechanism according to the limit equilibrium hypothesis, which permitted the estimation of the required support resistance. On the basis of model tests, Feder developed an extensive set of formulae for the process of failure. Using the finite difference code FLAC2D and the discrete element code PFC2D, the model presented by Rabcewicz and Feder has been developed further. It will be demonstrated that the process of failure can be split into two phases. In the late failure phase (large deformations), the mechanism observed in the mathematical model differs from the descriptions of Rabcewicz and Feder. While the break surfaces according to Rabcewicz and Feder form exclusively in the area near the cavity, break surfaces form in the mathematical model starting from the interstice of the side wall and extending far into the rock mass, and lead to the formation of trapezoidal regions in the crown and in the invert, which are pressed against each other.Rabcewicz beschrieb als erster das Scherbruchversagen von Gebirgshohlräumen (“Cherry pit mechanism”), das er nicht nur im Tunnel‐ sondern auch im Bergbau eingehend beobachtete und bis in weit fortgeschrittene Phasen beschrieb. Für diesen Mechanismus entwickelte er auch ein analytisches Modell nach der Grenzgleichgewichtshypothese, das die Abschätzung von erforderlichen Ausbauwiderständen erlaubte. Auf der Basis von Modellversuchen entwickelte Feder einen umfangreichen Formelapparat für den Bruchablauf. Mithilfe des Finiten Differenzen Codes FLAC2D und des Diskreten Elemente Codes PFC2D wurden die Modellvorstellung von Rabcewicz und Feder weiterentwickelt. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich der Versagensablauf in zwei Phasen unterteilen lässt. In den späten Phasen des Versagens (große Verformungen) unterscheidet sich der in den numerischen Modellen beobachtete Mechanismus von den Beschreibungen von Rabcewicz und Feder. Während sich Bruchflächen bei Rabcewicz und Feder ausschließlich in den Nahbereichen des Hohlraums ausbilden, bilden sich in den numerischen Modellen Bruchflächen aus, die ausgehend von den Spitzen der Ulmenzwickel bis tief ins Gebirge reichen und zur Bildung von trapezförmigen Bereichen in der Firste und in der Sohle führen, die gegeneinander gedrückt werden.
Tunnel excavation material – high value raw material
Authors: Resch Daniel , Lassnig Klaus , Galler Robert , Ebner Fritz 
Published: September 2009

AbstractA project called “Recycling of Tunnel Excavation Material” has been running since November 2008, supported by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) and eminent Austrian client organisations and companies engaged in tunnelling and hydropower station construction, to investigate the possible recycling of tunnel excavation material at eleven selected Austrian tunnel and hydropower projects. This is intended to demonstrate economical and environmentally positive recycling. Test strategies are also to be developed for the evaluation of the reusability of tunnel excavation material from the point of view of construction management and economics, both for the individual projects and also relevant to the main lithologies likely to be encountered in Austrian tunnels.Seit November 2008 wird in einem von der Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft (FFG) und namhaften Auftraggebern und Baufirmen des österreichischen Kraftwerks‐ und Tunnelbaus unterstützten Forschungsprojekt “Recycling von Tunnelausbruchmaterial” die mögliche Wiederverwertung von Ausbruchmaterial an elf ausgewählten österreichischen Tunnel‐ und Kraftwerksprojekten der Zukunft untersucht. Eine wirtschaftliche und umweltschonende Wiederverwertung soll nachgewiesen werden. Weiters werden für die einzelnen Projekte und die in Österreich bei Tunnelausbrüchen zu erwartenden Hauptlithologien Versuchsstrategien zur Beurteilung der Wiederverwendbarkeit von Tunnelausbruchmaterial aus baubetrieblicher und bauwirtschaftlicher Sicht ermittelt.
Concepts to overcome squeezing geological conditions at the Koralm tunnel
Authors: Wagner Hanns , Handke Dieter , Matter Jürg , Fabbri Davide , Keiper Knut 
Published: September 2009

AbstractThe Koralm tunnel forms the central part of the route of the Koralmbahn railway from Graz to Klagenfurt in the section Deutschlandsberg‐ St. Andrä. The tunnel, split into three construction contracts (KAT 1,2 and 3) connects the federal states of Carinthia and Styria in Austria with a length of 32.8 km. Continuous tunnelling is intended for the section through the central mountain complex of the Koralpe. The very variable geological conditions (rock and loose ground sections, overburden of up to approx. 1,200 m, possible high water pressures and pronounced zones of faulting and fracturing) represent a major challenge for the implementation of mechanical tunnelling (tunnelling, lining and logistics concepts). The present article discusses the geological and hydrogeological conditions as well as the basic concepts for support and machine system and the particular measures to overcome squeezing rock conditions.Der Koralmtunnel bildet das zentrale Trassenstück der Koralmbahn Graz‐Klagenfurt im Abschnitt Deutschlandsberg‐St. Andrä. Der in drei Baulose (KAT 1, 2 und 3) gegliederte Tunnel verbindet auf einer Gesamtlänge von 32,8 km die Bundesländer Steiermark und Kärnten in Österreich. Für die Durchörterung des zentralen Gebirgskomplexes der Koralpe sind kontinuierliche Vortriebe vorgesehen. Die stark wechselnden geologischen Randbedingungen (Fest‐ und Lockergesteinsabschnitte, Überlagerungen bis ca. 1.200 m, mögliche hohe Wasserdrücke sowie ausgeprägte Störungs‐ und Zerrüttungszonen) stellen höchste Anforderungen an die Realisierung des Maschinenvortriebs (Vortriebs‐, Ausbauund Logistikkonzept). Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die geotechnischen und hydrogeologischen Randbedingungen analysiert sowie die Grundkonzepte für Ausbausicherung und Maschinensystem und die besonderen Vorkehrungen zur Bewältigung der druckhaften Gebirgsverhältnisse vorgestellt.
S1 Danube‐Lobau tunnel – recycling of tunnel spoil material
Authors: Schröfelbauer Thomas , Schreitl Bernhard , Kitzler Christian 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAn important part of the S1 Vienna outer ring expressway is the tunnel under the Danube and Lobau with a length of 8.3 m. The ground to be tunnelled through is marked by Quaternary gravels and also by silt/clay with sand layers with low silt content. About 6 km are thus to be bored by two closed tunnel boring machines. A detailed material recycling plan for the entire S1 was produced for the processing of the excavation spoil. The excavated material was categorised according to its quality into various categories for appropriate recycling. The greatest possible free play for economic solutions has to be balanced with high requirements for the protection of people and the environment.Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der S1 Wiener Außenring Schnellstraße ist der Tunnel unter Donau und Lobau mit 8,3 km Länge. Der zu durchfahrende Untergrund ist gekennzeichnet durch quartäre Kiese einerseits und Schluff/Ton mit schluffarmen Sandschichten andererseits. Rund 6 km sollen daher in geschlossener Bauweise mit zwei Tunnelbohrmaschinen hergestellt werden. Zur Abwicklung der anfallenden Ausbruchmassen wurde ein detailliertes Massenverwertungskonzept für die gesamte S1 erstellt. Die anfallenden Massen wurden dazu nach ihrer Qualität in mehrere Kategorien eingeteilt, die einer entsprechenden Verwertung zugeführt werden. Größtmögliche Spielräume für wirtschaftliche Lösungen sind dabei mit den hohen Anforderungen an den Schutz von Mensch und Umwelt in Einklang zu bringen.
Comparing 3 T and 1.5 T MRI for tracking Alzheimer's disease progression with tensor‐based morphometry
Authors: Ho April J. , Hua Xue , Lee Suh , Leow Alex D. , Yanovsky Igor , Gutman Boris , Dinov Ivo D. , Leporé Natasha , Stein Jason L. , Toga Arthur W. , Jack Clifford R. , Bernstein Matt A. , Reiman Eric M. , Harvey Danielle J. , Kornak John , Schuff Norbert , Alexander Gene E. , Weiner Michael W. , Thompson Paul M. ,   the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: September 2009

AbstractA key question in designing MRI‐based clinical trials is how the main magnetic field strength of the scanner affects the power to detect disease effects. In 110 subjects scanned longitudinally at both 3.0 and 1.5 T, including 24 patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) [74.8 ± 9.2 years, MMSE: 22.6 ± 2.0 at baseline], 51 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) [74.1 ± 8.0 years, MMSE: 26.6 ± 2.0], and 35 controls [75.9 ± 4.6 years, MMSE: 29.3 ± 0.8], we assessed whether higher‐field MR imaging offers higher or lower power to detect longitudinal changes in the brain, using tensor‐based morphometry (TBM) to reveal the location of progressive atrophy. As expected, at both field strengths, progressive atrophy was widespread in AD and more spatially restricted in MCI. Power analysis revealed that, to detect a 25% slowing of atrophy (with 80% power), 37 AD and 108 MCI subjects would be needed at 1.5 T versus 49 AD and 166 MCI subjects at 3 T; however, the increased power at 1.5 T was not statistically significant (α = 0.05) either for TBM, or for SIENA, a related method for computing volume loss rates. Analysis of cumulative distribution functions and false discovery rates showed that, at both field strengths, temporal lobe atrophy rates were correlated with interval decline in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale‐cognitive subscale (ADAS‐cog), mini‐mental status exam (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating sum‐of‐boxes (CDR‐SB) scores. Overall, 1.5 and 3 T scans did not significantly differ in their power to detect neurodegenerative changes over a year. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evidence for modulation of opioidergic activity in central vestibular processing: A [18F] diprenorphine PET study
Authors: Baier Bernhard , Bense Sandra , Birklein Frank , Buchholz Hans‐Georg , Mischke Anja , Schreckenberger Matthias , Dieterich Marianne 
Published: September 2009

AbstractAnimal and functional imaging studies had identified cortical structures such as the parieto‐insular vestibular cortex, the retro‐insular cortex, or the anterior cingulate cortex belonging to a vestibular cortical network. Basic animal studies revealed that endorphins might be important transmitters involved in cerebral vestibular processing. The aim of the present study was therefore to analyse whether the opioid system is involved in vestibular neurotransmission of humans or not. Changes in opioid receptor availability during caloric air stimulation of the right ear were studied with [18F] Fluoroethyl‐diprenorphine ([18F]FEDPN) PET scans in 10 right‐handed healthy volunteers and compared to a control condition. Decrease in receptor availability to [18F]FEDPN during vestibular stimulation in comparison to the control condition was significant at the right posterior insular cortex and the postcentral region indicating more endogenous opioidergic binding in these regions during stimulation. These data give evidence that the opioidergic system plays a role in the right hemispheric dominance of the vestibular cortical system in right‐handers. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Respiratory–swallow phase patterns and their relationship to swallowing impairment in patients treated for oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Brodsky Martin B. , McFarland David H. , Dozier Thomas S. , Blair Julie , Ayers Christopher , Michel Yvonne , Gillespie M. Boyd , Day Terry A. , Martin‐Harris Bonnie 
Published: September 2009

AbstractBackground.Unstable respiratory–swallowing coordination has been associated with disorders and disease. The goals of this study were (1) to describe respiratory–swallow patterns in patients with dysphagia consequent to treatments for cancers of the oropharynx and (2) to determine the association between respiratory–swallow patterns, airway invasion, and overall severity of swallowing impairment.Methods.This prospective, cross‐sectional design compared respiratory–swallow patterns in 20 patients treated for oropharyngeal cancer and 20 healthy, age‐matched control participants. Nasal airflow direction was synchronously recorded with videofluoroscopic imaging in participants who swallowed 5‐mL thin liquid barium boluses.Results.Respiratory–swallow patterns differed between groups. Most control participants initiated and completed swallowing bracketed by expiratory airflow. Swallowing in patients often interrupted inspiratory flow and was associated with penetration or aspiration of the bolus.Conclusions.We suggest nonexpiratory bracketed respiratory–swallowing phase patterns in patients with oropharyngeal cancer may place patients at greater risk of airway penetration or aspiration during swallowing. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010
Globular adiponectin inhibits angiotensin II‐induced nuclear factor κB activation through AMP‐activated protein kinase in cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: Wang Cheng , Li Li , Zhang Zhi‐Guo , Fan Dong , Zhu Yi , Wu Li‐Ling 
Published: September 2009

AbstractActivation of nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB) has been found necessary for cardiac hypertrophic growth in vivo and in vitro experiments. Adiponectin, an adipocyte‐derived polypeptide, suppresses cardiac hypertrophy in response to pressure overload. Here we investigated the potential effect of adiponectin on NF‐κB activation in hypertrophic neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) and related signal transduction pathway. We treated NRVMs with globular adiponectin (gAd) before angiotensin II (AngII) stimulation. Pretreating cells with gAd reduced the increased incorporation of [3H]‐leucine and the mRNA levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) stimulated by AngII, indicating gAd inhibited AngII‐induced cardiac hypertrophic signaling. Moreover, gAd pretreatment suppressed inhibitory protein κB (I‐κB) phosphorylation and decreased p65 nuclear translocation, DNA‐binding and transcription activity of NF‐κB. Meanwhile, gAd promoted AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, which is a downstream signaling mediator of adiponectin. Pharmacological activator of AMPK could inhibit AngII‐induced NF‐κB translocation, and inhibitor of AMPK or a dominant‐negative AMPK adenovirus suppressed gAd‐mediated inhibition of I‐κB phosphorylation and NF‐κB activation. When AMPK was inhibited, the suppressive effect of gAd on ANP mRNA expression was reduced. Our data indicate that gAd inhibits cardiac hypertrophic signaling through AMPK mediated suppression of NF‐κB activation. J. Cell. Physiol. 222:149–155, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.