bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2A participating in coumarin 7‐hydroxylation in pig liver microsomes
Authors: LIU Z.‐Y. , DAI M.‐H. , TAO Y.‐F. , CHEN D.‐M. , YUAN Z.‐H. 
Published: January 2011

Liu, Z.‐Y., Dai, M.‐H., Tao, Y.‐F., Chen, D.‐M., Yuan, Z.‐H. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 2A participating in coumarin 7‐hydroxylation in pig liver microsomes.J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 424–429.Five commonly used human cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibitors were examined for their effects on coumarin 7‐hydroxylase (CYP2A) activity in pig liver microsomes. TheKmandVmaxvalues for coumarin 7‐hydroxylation in pig liver microsomes were estimated to be 1 μmand 0.26 nmol·mg/min, respectively. The following human CYP inhibitors caused little or no inhibition of CYP2A as defined by aKi > 200 μm: quinidine (CYP2D6), troleandomycin (CYP3A4), and sulfaphenazole (CYP2C9). The other two human CYP inhibitors were classified as strong inhibitors of CYP2A: 8‐methoxypsoralen (CYP2A6) and α‐naphthoflavone (CYP1A1/2). In the absence of a preincubation period, 8‐MOP inhibited the 7‐hydroxylation of coumarin with aKivalue of 1.1 μm, which decreased to 0.1 μmwhen 8‐MOP was preincubated with pig liver microsomes for 3 min. α‐Naphthoflavone inhibited the 7‐hydroxylation of coumarin with aKivalue of 32 μm, which did not increase ability to inhibitor CYP2A when α‐naphthoflavone was preincubated with pig liver microsomes for 3 min. These results of this study suggest that 8‐MOP is a potent, mechanism‐based inhibitor of pig CYP2A activity in pig liver microsomes.
The influence of modulation of P‐glycoprotein and /or Cytochrome P450 3A on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of orally administered morphine in dogs
Authors: GADEYNE C. , VAN der HEYDEN S. , GASTHUYS F. , CROUBELS S. , SCHAUVLIEGE S. , POLIS I. 
Published: January 2011

Gadeyne, C., Van der Heyden, S., Gasthuys, F., Croubels, S., Schauvliege, S., Polis, I. The influence of modulation of P‐glycoprotein and/or Cytochrome P450 3A on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of orally administered morphine in dogs.J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 417–423.The influence of pretreatment with ketoconazole [cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) + P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) inhibitor], elacridar (selective P‐gp inhibitor) and rifampicin (CYP3A + P‐gp inducer) on oral morphine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics was investigated in experimental dogs. Seven beagles were used in a four‐way crossover design. Morphine hydrochloride was administered orally (2.5 mg/kg) alone (control group CON) or after pretreatment with ketoconazole (group KETO), elacridar (group ELA) or rifampicin (group RIF). Morphine plasma concentrations were analysed by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. Sedation scores (none, mild, moderate or severe) were evaluated subjectively. Dogs were significantly (P < 0.05) more sedated after ketoconazole pretreatment. There were no significant differences between group CON and the other pretreatment groups in pharmacokinetic parameters taking both sexes into account. Sex differences were apparent in some pharmacokinetic parameters of morphine. The area under the plasma concentration time curve (AUC0–∞) was significantly higher, and the total body clearance was significantly lower in male compared to female dogs in all treatment groups. Ketoconazole, rifampicin and elacridar pretreatment had no significant effects on morphine pharmacokinetics, although dogs in the ketoconazole group showed higher sedation scores.
Norms and demographic differences of the Short Form‐12 Health Survey version 2 in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Mak Kwok‐Kei , Ho Sai‐Yin , Fong Daniel Yee‐Tak , Lo Wing‐Sze , Lai Yuen‐Kwan , Lam Tai‐Hing 
Published: January 2011

Aim:  This study aimed to establish the normative values for the 12‐item Short Form Health Survey version 2 (SF‐12v2) and examine demographic differences among Hong Kong Chinese adolescents.Methods:  A total of 28 981 Hong Kong Chinese adolescents aged 12–18 participated in a school‐based survey in 2006–2007. Sex‐ and age‐specific SF‐12v2 scores were obtained. Ordinal logistic regression models and linear regression models were used to examine the demographic differences for the eight subscales including physical functioning, role physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role emotional and mental health, and two component summary scores of Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary.Results:  The mean (standard deviation) Physical Component Summary score was 50.28 (6.82) for boys and 49.37 (6.47) for girls. The corresponding Mental Component Summary score was 45.86 (9.86) for boys and 44.77 (9.56) for girls. Ceiling effects were observed in some of the eight subscales but not the two component summary scores. Ordinal logistic regression showed that girls had significantly lower scores than boys in most subscales including physical functioning with odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.89 (0.84–0.93); role physical, 0.94 (0.90–0.98); bodily pain, 0.76 (0.73–0.80); general health, 0.55 (0.53–0.57); vitality, 0.72 (0.69–0.75); role emotional, 0.78 (0.74–0.81); and mental health, 0.91 (0.88–0.95). In general, older and non‐local‐born adolescents had lower component summary scores than their peers.Conclusions:  This study has provided norms and identified demographic differences of the Chinese SF‐12v2.
Natural disasters and the lung
Authors: ROBINSON BRUCE , ALATAS MOHAMMAD FAHMI , ROBERTSON ANDREW , STEER HENRY 
Published: January 2011

ABSTRACTAs the world population expands, an increasing number of people are living in areas which may be threatened by natural disasters. Most of these major natural disasters occur in the Asian region. Pulmonary complications are common following natural disasters and can result from direct insults to the lung or may be indirect, secondary to overcrowding and the collapse in infrastructure and health‐care systems which often occur in the aftermath of a disaster. Delivery of health care in disaster situations is challenging and anticipation of the types of clinical and public health problems faced in disaster situations is crucial when preparing disaster responses. In this article we review the pulmonary effects of natural disasters in the immediate setting and in the post‐disaster aftermath and we discuss how this could inform planning for future disasters.
Serum high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, their relationship with baseline functional and cognitive status, and their utility in predicting mortality in nonagenarians
Authors: Formiga Francesc , Ferrer Assumpta , Chivite David , Pinto Xavier , Cuerpo Sandra , Pujol Ramón 
Published: January 2011

Aim:  Little is known about the role of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C) in oldest‐old subjects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between HDL‐C levels and physical and cognitive performance indicators in nonagenarians, and also to determine the influence of HDL‐C levels on the 3‐year mortality risk.Methods:  The data analyzed were taken from the NonaSantfeliu Study. Functional status was determined by the Lawton–Brody Index (LI) for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and the Barthel Index (BI) for basic activities (BADL). Cognition was assessed using the Spanish version of the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MEC).Results:  The sample consisted of 49 women (79%) and 13 men, aged 94.3 ± 2.6 years. Mean HDL‐C levels were 60 ± 16 mg/dL, and 16 subjects (25.8%) had low HDL‐C values. HDL‐C levels did correlate with BI (r = 0.28, P = 0.02) and LI (r = 0.32, P = 0.01), but not with MEC (r = 0.18, P = 0.15). Normal HDL‐C levels at baseline were significantly associated with higher BI scores (P < 0.006, odds ratio [OR] = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01–1.05) and a lower number of prescription drugs used (P < 0.04, OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.49–0.99). Baseline HDL‐C levels were significantly lower among the group of nonagenarians who died within the 3 years of follow up (P = 0.02). However, after adjusting for potential confounders, the association between HDL‐C and mortality lost significance.Conclusion:  Higher levels of HDL‐C correlate with better functional status and less use of prescribed drugs in nonagenarians. However, the relationship between low HDL‐C levels and long‐term mortality in this population remains unclear. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2011; 11: 358–364.
Ultrasound‐guided bilateral paravertebral continuous nerve blocks for a mildly coagulopathic patient undergoing exploratory laparotomy for bowel resection
Authors: Visoiu Mihaela , Yang Charles 
Published: January 2011

SummaryRegional anesthesia techniques commonly utilized in post‐operative pain management are often considered contraindicated in coagulopathic patients. We report on successful postoperative pain control utilizing peripheral nerve blockade after exploratory laparotomy with small bowel resection in a mildly coagulopathic patient. In our case, complicated by abnormal PT, PTT and INR, a thromboelastogram (TEG) was performed before the procedure and found to be normal. An ultrasound‐guided bilateral paravertebral blockade with continuous paravertebral catheters was then performed in this pediatric patient without complications. The patient expressed satisfaction with his pain control. More studies are needed to evaluate the validity of TEG in the prediction of bleeding risk and the safety of this regional technique in a mildly coagulopathic patients.
High oolong tea consumption predicts future risk of diabetes among Japanese male workers: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Hayashino Y. , Fukuhara S. , Okamura T. , Tanaka T. , Ueshima H. ,   for the HIPOP‐OHP Research Group
Published: January 2011

Diabet. Med. 28, 805–810 (2011)AbstractAims  Acute administration of oolong tea decreases blood glucose levels. We investigated the association between long‐term oolong tea intake and subsequent risk of developing diabetes among men of working age.Methods  Data were analysed from a cohort of participants in the High‐risk and Population Strategy for Occupational Health Promotion Study (HIPOP‐OHP), conducted in Japan from 1999 to 2004. Oolong tea intake at baseline and subsequent risk of diabetes was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model.Results  Of 4975 male workers, a total of 201 cases of diabetes were reported over a median of 3.4 years of follow‐up. Mean age and BMI of all participants at baseline were 38.3 years and 22.9 kg/m2, respectively. Compared with those not consuming oolong tea, multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for developing diabetes were 1.00 (95% CI 0.67–1.49) for those who drank one cup of oolong tea per day and 1.64 (95% CI 1.11–2.40) for those drinking two or more cups per day. Fasting blood glucose increment per year was 0.11 mmol/l (95% CI 0.09–0.12 mmol/l), 0.12 mmol/l (95% CI 0.09–0.15 mmol/l) and 0.15 mmol/l (95% CI 0.11–0.18 mmol/l), respectively, for oolong tea consumption of 0, 1 and ≥ 2 cups/day, with a significant linear trend (P < 0.0001).Conclusions  Long‐term consumption of oolong tea may be a predictive factor for new onset diabetes. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of oolong tea in the risk of developing diabetes.
Use of dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate the microcirculation of lower extremity muscles in patients with Type 2 diabetes
Authors: Wang J. , Li Y.‐H. , Li M.‐H. , Zhao J.‐G. , Bao Y.‐Q. , Zhou Jian 
Published: January 2011

Diabet. Med. 28, 618–621 (2011)AbstractAims  To quantify the capillary permeability of the lower extremity muscles using dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in healthy control subjects without diabetes and patients with diabetes before and after percutaneous angioplasty.Methods  Fifty‐five patients (30 without diabetes, 25 with Type 2 diabetes with occluded vasculature of the lower extremities) were examined by dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The transfer constant (K‐trans) of the tibialis anterior muscle was determined before (for all patients) and after (for patients with diabetes only) percutaneous angioplasty of the intrapopliteal artery. Clinical assessment was also recorded. Statistical significant differences were defined at the level of P < 0.05.Results  Before percutaneous angioplasty, patients with diabetes displayed significantly lower K‐trans values in the tibialis anterior muscles than control subjects. Although percutaneous angioplasty increased the K‐trans of these patients, the final values were still less than those of the control group. Differences were also observed between the groups in the Fontaine classification and ankle–brachial index, which reflect ischaemia in the lower extremities. After percutaneous angioplasty, these values were increased in the group with diabetes.Conclusion  K‐trans can be used to quantify changes in the capillary permeability of the lower extremity muscles, reflecting the microcirculation of the lower extremities.
EU Banks Rating Assignments: Is There Heterogeneity between New and Old Member Countries?
Authors: Caporale Guglielmo Maria , Matousek Roman , Stewart Chris 
Published: January 2011

AbstractWe model EU countries' bank ratings using financial variables and allowing for intercept and slope heterogeneity. Our aim is to assess whether “old” and “new” EU countries are rated differently and to determine whether “new” ones are assigned lower ratings, ceteris paribus, than “old” ones. We find that country‐specific factors (in the form of heterogeneous intercepts) are a crucial determinant of ratings. Whilst “new” EU countries typically have lower ratings than “old” ones, after controlling for financial variables we also discover that all countries have significantly different intercepts, confirming our prior belief. This intercept heterogeneity suggests that each country's rating is assigned uniquely, after controlling for differences in financial factors, which may reflect differences in country risk and the legal and regulatory framework that banks face (such as foreclosure laws). In addition, we find that ratings may respond differently to the liquidity and operating expenses to operating income variables across countries. Typically ratings are more responsive to the former and less sensitive to the latter for “new” EU countries compared with “old” EU countries.
The Impact of Developing Social Perspective‐taking Skills on Emotionality in Middle and Late Childhood
Authors: Bengtsson Hans , Arvidsson Åsa 
Published: January 2011

AbstractA sample of 209 children was followed longitudinally to examine the impact of growing perspective‐taking skills on positive and negative emotionality in middle and late childhood. Perspective‐taking skills were assessed through interviews. Teachers rated children's emotional reactivity and capacity to regain a neutral state following emotional arousal. Analyses of contemporaneous data revealed that more developed perspective‐taking skills were associated with moderate levels of emotional reactivity. In addition, in children with high emotional reactivity, good perspective‐taking skills were associated with good capacity to regain a neutral affective state following emotional arousal. Longitudinal analyses revealed that children who made gains in perspective‐taking skills over a two‐year‐period became more moderate in negative emotional reactivity and improved their ability to down‐regulate strong positive emotions. The overall findings support the notion that children use perspective‐taking skills as a tool for optimal regulation of emotional responses.
In Building a Script for an Emotion, Do Preschoolers Add Its Cause Before Its Behavior Consequence?
Authors: Widen Sherri C. , Russell James A. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractAn emotion concept is a script in which an emotion event is an ordered sequence of subevents from situational cause through bodily changes to behavioral consequence. As children build a script for each emotion, in what order do they add each subevent? Preschoolers (N = 108, three to five years), were asked to name the protagonist's emotion in stories consisting solely of either a cause or a consequence of one of six emotions. More children correctly inferred happiness, fear, sadness, and disgust from their causes than from their consequences, but more correctly inferred anger from its consequence than from its cause. (No significant difference was found for surprise.) Subevents are added to scripts in a different order for different emotions.
Identity Styles and Interpersonal Behavior in Emerging Adulthood: The Intervening Role of Empathy
Authors: Smits Ilse , Doumen Sarah , Luyckx Koen , Duriez Bart , Goossens Luc 
Published: January 2011

AbstractThis study examined the intervening role of empathy in the relations between identity styles (i.e., information‐oriented, normative, and diffuse‐avoidant styles), and inter‐personal behaviors (i.e., prosocial behavior, self‐ and other‐oriented helping, and physical and relational aggression). In a sample of 341 emerging adults, it was found that an information‐oriented style relates to a more adaptive pattern of interpersonal behaviors whereas a normative or a diffuse‐avoidant identity style relate to a more maladaptive pattern of interpersonal behaviors. Empathy played an intervening role between the information‐oriented style and interpersonal behavior, and between the diffuse‐avoidant style and interpersonal behavior. However, empathy did not intervene between the normative style and interpersonal behavior. Implications for future research are discussed.
Effective continuous systemic therapy of severe plaque‐type psoriasis is accompanied by amelioration of biomarkers of cardiovascular risk: results of a prospective longitudinal observational study
Authors: Boehncke S. , Salgo R. , Garbaraviciene J. , Beschmann H. , Hardt K. , Diehl S. , Fichtlscherer S. , Thaçi D. , Boehncke W.‐H. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground  Severe psoriasis is associated with significant cardiovascular mortality.Objectives  We investigated the effects of continuous systemic therapy on the cardiovascular risk of patients with severe plaque‐type psoriasis.Methods  A total of 42 consecutive patients receiving systemic treatment for their severe plaque‐type psoriasis were included. The clinical course was monitored over 24 weeks. Initially as well as after 12 and 24 weeks, oral glucose tolerance tests were performed along with comprehensive laboratory monitoring.Results  Responding patients, defined as a Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI)‐50 response, showed correlations between the PASI and high‐sensitive C‐reactive protein (r = 0.45, P = 0.03) as well as with vascular endothelial growth factor (r = 0.76, P = 0.007). The adipokine resistin was positively and the potentially cardio‐protective adiponectin was negatively correlated with the PASI (r = 0.50, P = 0.02 and r = −0.56, P = 0.007, respectively). Oral glucose tolerance tests yielded a correlation between the PASI and plasma levels for C‐peptide (r = 0.73, P = 0.02) at t = 120 min in patients with a pathological Homeostasis Model Assessment (>2.5), indicating that the state of peripheral insulin resistance is driven at least in part by the severity of the psoriatic inflammation. Correlations between the change of adipokine levels and change in PASI were more pronounced among patients with better clinical improvement (PASI‐75 vs. PASI‐50).Conclusions  We document an amelioration of biomarkers of cardiovascular risk in patients with severe plaque‐type psoriasis responding to continuous systemic therapy. The impact on the patients’metabolic state was found to be better if the psoriatic inflammation was controlled for longer. Future studies need to compare the cardioprotective effects of different treatment modalities, based on hard clinical endpoints.
Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia accompanied by neurological disorders
Authors: Akman‐Karakaş A. , Kandemir H. , Senol U. , Unal A. , Duman O. , Ciftcioglu M.A. , Haspolat S. , Alpsoy E. 
Published: January 2011

AbstractBackground  Unilateral nevoid telangiectasia (UNT) is a unique vascular dermatosis of ambiguous aetiology.Objective  To investigate the role of neurological disorder in pathogenesis of the UNT.Methods  We investigated eight consecutive patients with unilateral nevoid telangiectasia. Detailed dermatological and neurological examinations, and magnetic resonance imaging were performed on each patient. In case of presence of dysesthesia over the skin lesion, electroneuromyography was performed to determine any relationships between lesions and peripheral neuropathy.Results  All the patients had hypoesthesia over the skin lesion. The cranial magnetic resonance imaging showed subcortical hamartomatous lesions in one patient and demyelinized plaques on the corpus of the caudate nucleus and the pontin area in another. Electroneuromyography evaluation was nonspecific.Conclusion  In our study, neurological disorders were associated with UNT. Thus, it can be speculated that neurological disorders might contribute to the development and/or progression of UNT. Patients with UNT should be encouraged for neurological investigation.
Antiplatelet drugs in the elderly: prescriptions often inappropriate and reduced tolerance by associated diseases and drugs
Authors: Cadiou Gwénaëlle , Adam Magali , Caussin Marie , Landrin Isabelle , Mariette Natacha , Capet Corinne , Mouton‐Schleifer Dominique , Remy Elise , Kadri Nadir , Doucet Jean 
Published: January 2011

AbstractTo assess the conditions of prescriptions and tolerance of antiplatelet drugs (APD) in the elderly and to detail the parameters that influence the tolerance of these drugs. Prospective survey in a Department of Geriatric Medicine. Two hundred nineteen patients 70 years and older treated with one or two APD prior to admission were included during 7 months in 2008. We recorded the type of APD, associated diseases, main associated or co‐prescribed drugs which could interact with APD and the bleeding adverse events including cutaneous bleeding. The mean age of the 219 patients was 84.5 ± 6.7 years (70–101 years), women 59.4%. Among patients 64.8% received aspirin (mainly 75 mg), 28.3% received clopidogrel and 6.8% received their combination; 16.9% of prescriptions were off‐label; 51.6% of patients had an associated disease and/or an associated drug which could have increased risk of bleeding event. Among the patients who received a gastric‐protective drug, the prescription followed the recommendations of the French Health Authority in 38.9%. We recorded bleeding events in 24.2% of patients at admission and in 18.3% of patients during the hospitalization. Bleeding events were significantly more frequent in patients treated with aspirin than clopidogrel (40.8 vs. 24.2%, P < 0.05) and/or with an associated drug (OR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.34–4.14, P < 0.01) and/or an associated disease (OR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.01–3.42, P < 0.05). APD treatment was stopped in 28.8% of patients, mainly because lack of indication or bleeding adverse events. Off‐label prescriptions of APD were not rare in the elderly, and adverse events are frequent. The results of this preliminary study evoke that medical situations at increased risk of bleeding are perhaps insufficiently evaluated, either in case of prescription of associated drugs with increased bleeding risk or during the follow‐up of patients with associated diseases. Cutaneous bleeding events should be more taken into account in prospective studies.