bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture of Bony Lamellae within the Frontal Recess after Balloon Catheter Dilatation
Authors: Khalid Ayesha N. , Smith Timothy L. , Anderson James C. , Mace Jess , Sautter Nathan B. 
Published: February 2010

Background The precise manner in which balloon catheter dilatation (BCD) alters the dimensions of the frontal recess and frontal sinus outflow tract is not well characterized. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether BCD within the frontal recess is associated with reproducible patterns of fracture in bony lamellae, to characterize changes between pre- and postintervention measurements of the frontal sinus outflow tract, and to compare the degree of change seen with endoscopic Draf I dissection. Methods Eight cadaver heads underwent pre- and postintervention endoscopic visualization and computed tomography (CT) of the frontal recess and frontal sinus outflow tract. Frontal recesses were assigned for either BCD or Draf I dissection. CT scans were evaluated by two reviewers (principal investigator and neuroradiologist). Results Inter-rater reliability was strong for all measures (r > 0.77; p < 0.001). The sagittal and coronal dimensions of the frontal sinus outflow tract increased significantly after BCD and Draf I dissection (p < 0.028). Significantly less change was noted in average coronal dimensions of the frontal sinus outflow tract after BCD compared with Draf I dissection (0.9 ± 0.5 mm versus 2.6 ± 0.6 mm; p < 0.018). Mean change in the sagittal dimension was significantly less after BCD compared with Draf I dissection (1.0 ± 0.8 mm versus 4.0 ± 1.2 mm; p < 0.018). The anterior face of the ethmoid bulla was the most frequently fractured lamella after BCD (56%). Conclusions The sagittal and coronal dimensions of the frontal sinus outflow tract increased significantly after BCD and Draf I dissection. A significantly greater change in dimensions of the frontal sinus outflow tract is observed after Draf I dissection compared with BCD. No orbital or skull base injury was noted with either technique.
Comparison of Azelastine versus Triamcinolone Nasal Spray in Allergic and Nonallergic Rhinitis
Authors: Kalpaklioglu Ayse Fusun , Kavut Ayse Baccioglu 
Published: February 2010

Background Intranasal antihistamine has not been thoroughly studied in the treatment of rhinitis of different etiologies. This study was designed to show the comparative efficacy of nasal antihistamine and nasal corticosteroid in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR). Methods A comparison of the efficacy of azelastine nasal spray (AZENS) versus triamcinolone acetonide nasal spray (TANS) on total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), nasal peak inspiratory flow rate (nPIFR), and nasal cytology was studied in a 2-week randomized parallel-group trial. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were also analyzed. Results The study group consisted of 132 patients (100 women and 32 men) with a mean age of 33.14 ± 12.52 years. Sixty-nine patients had AR and 63 had NAR. Although TNSS including sneezing, itching, rhinorrhea, congestion—but not anosmia—significantly improved in both groups, intranasal azelastine reduced ocular symptoms greatly compared with intranasal triamcinolone (p = 0.05). Patients with NAR seemed to respond more to TANS, whereas AZENS was more useful in AR. The nPIFR improved in AR and NAR, with no significant difference between the treatment groups. Neither intranasal azelastine nor intranasal triamcinolone changed cytology in nasal lavage. Both medications were well tolerated, but AZENS led to more adverse events than TANS (56.9 and 19%, respectively; p = 0.001), mainly because of bitter taste. Scores on each domain of generic HRQoL (36-Item Short-Form Health Survey) and mini–rhinitis QoL questionnaires, as well as ESS score, significantly improved in both groups, irrespective of rhinitis etiology. Conclusions In this first comparative demonstration, AZENS appears to be as effective as triamcinolone in symptom scores, nPIFR, ESS, and HRQoL, equally in AR and NAR.
Correlation between Computed Tomography Staging and Quality of Life Instruments in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Zheng YongBo , Zhao Yu , Lv Dan , Liu YaFeng , Qiao XiaoMing , An Ping , Wang DeYun 
Published: February 2010

Background Because chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common health conditions in humans, it is important to assess its impact on quality of life (QoL). This study investigated the relationship between the findings of computed tomography (CT) staging and a patient-based questionnaire for CRS patients in Western China. Methods In this prospective study, the Lund—MacKay CT staging system, a visual analog scale (VAS), the 20-Item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT-20), and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) were completed for all preoperative recruits. The patients were classified into several subgroups according to whether CRS was associated with nasal polyps (CRS with nasal polyps [CRSwNPs]) or not (CRS without nasal polyps [CRSsNPs]), sex, duration of disease, and educational background. Results A total of 121 patients were recruited. In the total cohort of patients, there were significant correlations between scores on SNOT-20 and SF-36 (r = –0.561; p < 0.01), SNOT-20 and VAS (r = 0.743; p < 0.01), and SF-36 and VAS (r = –0.504; p < 0.01). Significant but weak correlations were found between the CT stage and scores on the patient-based questionnaires in the CRSwNP subgroup (CT versus SNOT-20, r = 0.31 and, p = 0.005; CT versus SF-36, r = –0.358 and p = 0.002; CT versus VAS, r = 0.358 and p = 0.002). The CT stage did not correlate with the scores in the patient-based questionnaires in the total cohort of patients. However, the CT stage was higher in the CRSwNP subgroup than in the CRSsNP, but QoL was better in the CRSwNP subgroup than in the CRSsNP subgroup. The two groups differed on the Lund–MacKay stage and the SNOT-20 and VAS scores (p < 0.05). Conclusions The scores on patient-based questionnaires such as the SNOT-20, SF-36, and VAS correlate with each other. The CT stage correlated weakly but significantly with the scores in the patient-based questionnaires only in the CRSwNP subgroup. The presence of nasal polyps was not associated with poor QoL in CRS patients.
Growth of Human Septal Chondrocytes in Fibrin Scaffolds
Authors: Watson Deborah , Sage August , Chang Angela A. , Schumacher Barbara L. , Sah Robert L. 
Published: February 2010

Background Tissue engineering of nasal septal cartilage has been the focus of research owing to its superior structural rigidity and ease of harvest. In vitro constructs formed from septal chondrocytes using fibrin glue within a polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold have been shown to be viable, but their cellular growth and expression of differentiated features still have not been quantified. In this study, we evaluated cellular proliferation and production of cartilaginous extracellular matrix (ECM) components in fibrin glue preparations within a PGA scaffold. Methods Human chondrocytes were expanded for one passage in monolayer in culture medium. The cells were then grown in (1) fibrinogen, 1/2×–thrombin, 1/2× (F/2:T/2); (2) fibrinogen, 1/10×–thrombin, 1/10× (F/10:T/10); (3) fibrinogen, 1×–thrombin, 1/100× (F/1:T/100). Results Cellular proliferation and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) production per cell were highest in the F/2:T/2 preparations. Greater proliferation was seen in chondrocyte–fibrin composites seeded onto the PGA scaffold when compared with chondrocytes seeded onto the PGA scaffold alone. No significant difference in GAG production was seen. Conclusions The addition of fibrin glue to chondrocytes seeded onto a PGA scaffold results in increased cellular proliferation while maintaining production of ECM components. Long-term stable fibrin gels in combination with PGA scaffolds may facilitate generation of cartilaginous tissue for use in reconstructive surgery.
Headless self-compressing cannulated screw fixation for treatment of radial carpal bone fracture or fissure in dogs
Authors: Perry K. , Johnson J. , Yeadon R. , Fitzpatrick N. 
Published: February 2010

Summary
Objectives: To report the application and clinical outcome of the treatment of radial carpal bone fracture in five dogs using a variably-pitched, headless cannulated compression screw (Acutrak®).
Methods: Arthroscopy was performed prior to surgical repair in three cases. In two cases, a fissure within the radial carpal bone was more clearly apparent when oblique indirect illumination was employed at arthrotomy. Following Acutrak® screw placement via arthrotomy, external coaptation was applied in all cases for a period of two weeks.
Results: Five dogs were treated, of which four were Boxers, and one was a Labrador Retriever crossbreed. All dogs were lame prior to treatment. There was no history of trauma, and all dogs had soft tissue swelling on the dorsal aspect of the radiocarpal joint. In all cases the fissure or fracture line was oblique in orientation, extending disto-medially from the midpoint of the radiocarpal joint proximally to the level of the second carpal bone distally. All fractures treated demonstrated progressive radiographic healing, and all dogs were free of lameness at six weeks postoperatively, but two of the five fractures failed to reach complete radiographic union. All dogs remained lameness-free with mean follow-up of 12.5 months.
Discussion: Acutrak® screws are headless devices which achieve compression, even in small bone fragments. Threads engage both the near and far fracture segments, leading to increased screw-bone contact which maximizes pull-out strength and may increase the fatigue strength of the screw.
Clinical significance: Fixation of two-piece canine radial carpal-bone fractures with the Acutrak® screw proved a reliable alternative to conventional compression screw fixation, and may have benefits over alternatives attributable to screw design and application technique.
NORTHERN INSECTS
Authors: Couper William 
Published: February 2010

Pepilio Asterias, Fab.—A specimen of this butterfly was seen by me at Natashquaun on the 24th June. On the 4th July I found it common at a place further down the coast, called Musquaro. The same species occurs in Newfoundland.Pieris Frigida, Scudder.—This butterfly is common at Natashquaun, where it appears about the 15th June. I am of opinion that it is doublebrooded, as I noticed fresh specimens on my return to Mingan on the 16th July. It occurs on the whole of the south as well as the eastern coast of Labrador, where Mr. Scudder procured the species.
ENTOMOLOGICAL NOTES
Authors: Saunders W. 
Published: February 2010

Pyrameis cardui.—Larva found feeding on thistle, June 15th, fullgrown. Length, 1¼ to 1⅜ inches.Head black, reddish in some specimens, above sprinkled with fine whitish hairs, and a few small black tubercles.Body above greyish-brown, variegated with yellow and black. Second, third, fourth, fifth, and terminal segments black, with many whitish dots. A broken dorsal stripe, white anteriorly; yellow from fifth to terminal segments; second segment without spines, but covered with fine whitish hairs; third and fourth segments have four spines each ; the others have seven, excepting tbe terminal ones, which have two pairs, one placed behind the other.
NOTES ON THE LARVA OF OPHIUSA BISTRIARIS, Hübner
Authors: Saunders W. 
Published: February 2010

Late in July a number of specimens of a larva apparently allied to the genus Catocala were taken from the silver maple(Acer dasycarpum, Ehrn.) The description of this larva is as follows :Length 1.40 inches; somewhat onisciform.Head medium sized, flattened, bilobed; color pale ashen grey, with streaks of pale brown appearing under a magnifying lens as a fine network ; a dark brown, nearly black, stripe on each side, and a few short grey hairs scattered over its surface.Body above brownish-grey, with numerous streaks and dots of pale brown. A double irregular dorsal line, widening here and there throughout its entire length. There are many other broken lines of the same character, composed chiefly of dots, but none of them continuous
INSECTS OF THE NORTHERN PARTS OF BRITISH AMERICA
Authors: The Editor  
Published: February 2010

51. Amara Vulgaris, Latr.—Length of body 4 to 4½ lines. Many specimens taken in lat. 65°, and in the Rocky Mountains.Body black, glossy; above black-bronzed. Scape of the antennæ piceous; inner lobe of the maxillæ, and first joint of the outer palpi, testaceous ; basilar impressions of the prothorax double, deepish, impunctured, the external one oblique; channel abbreviated anteriorly, with a punctiform impression beyond the middle : furrows of the elytra lightly drawn, indistinctly punctured ; apex subacuminate or suddenly narrowed : legs black, with the hairs, spurs and claws testaceous. Variety B. Bright, bronzed with a cupreous tint.
REARING BUTTERFLIES FROM THE EGG
Authors: Edwards W. H. 
Published: February 2010

The results of my experiments with P. Ajax, as noticed in Nos. 8 and 9 of the Canadian Entomologist (Vol. ii. pp. 115 and 133), are as follows :From six larvæ obtained from eggs of Ajax:, deposited in capitivity, 16th May, 1870, I obtained two males, four females, Marcellus, between 20th and 24th June.From twenty-four larvæ from eggs of Ajax deposited 2nd June, I obtained twelve males, ten females, all Marcellus, between 3rd and 9th July, and one chrysalis went over the winter.From five larvæ from eggs of Marcellus, deposited 7th June, I obtained four female Marcellus between 4th and 9th July, and one chrysalis went over the winter.
DESCRIPTION OF LARVA OF CATOCALA POLYGAMA, Guen
Authors: Reed E. B. 
Published: February 2010

Length, 1 4/10 inches; body cylindrical inclined to onisciform.Head, flat, bilobed and horned or notched, dark brownish red with several long hairs just above the mandibles and collar.Body, plump, smooth and firm to the touch; colour, greenish grey with small spots and blotches: on the seventh segment, two lateral black spots, on the eighth segment, a small fleshy dark coloured horn curved backwards; the anal segment terminated by two elongated prolegs; on each segment are two dorsal spots or pimples with one long hair in each; a thick fringe of greyish hair on the base of the sides; the spiracles blackish, not distinctly marked.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

The following species, which have been described by Drs. Packard and Fitch, I have not met with. But for the convenience of those who may not have access to the writings of these gentleman, I condense the fol1owing account:–1. L. Argentifimbriella Clem. has been already mentioned at p. 57. It mines the under surface of leaves of the Chestnut oak and must resemble L. caryae-albella or L. lucidicostella. At p. 57, ante, it is suggested that L. querci-albella fitch may be the same insect. Dr. Fitch states that it mines the leaves of the White and chestnut Oaks indifferently. But Dr. Clemens says that Argentifimbriella makes a tent mine on the under side, has a cylindrical larva, and pupales suspended in a thin web in the mine like L. lucidicostella.
NOTES ON THE LARVA OF HALESIDOTA MACULATA, Harris.
Authors: Saunders W. 
Published: February 2010

Three specimens of this larva were taken sept. 16th, feeding on Oak.Length, 1.30 in.; cylindrical.Head large, slightly bilobed, black with a faint white streak down the front, as far as the middle, where it becomes forked, a branch going towards each of the palpi. Mnadibles black, palpi white at base, tipped with black.
INSECTS OF THE NORTHERN PARTS OF BRITISH AMERICA
Authors: The Editor  
Published: February 2010

167. Byrrhus Cyclophorus Kirby.–Length of body 3¼ lines.One specimen only taken.Body underneath and limbs dull feriuginous, above black with some cinerous hairs intermixed. Antennae piceous: elytra with two deep black subinterrupted stripes, and inscribed in the middle with traces of a circle formed of pale, or cinercous hairs, common to both. The circle is probably more distinct in recent specimens. [Taken at Grimsby, Ont., by Mr. Pettit, and at Toronto by Mr. Couper; north shore of Lake Superior by Agassiz's Expedition.]
NOTES ON LEPIDOPTEROUS LARVAE
Authors: Saunders W. 
Published: February 2010

In November, 1867, I received from my esteemed friend, the late B. Billings, of Ottawa, several specimens of the larva of that very rare arctian, A. parthenos, which he had reared from eggs laid by a captured female in a box. They were apparently about two-thirds grown, and ready to hybernate for the winter ; a common practice with many species belonging to this interesting family of moths.The length of this larva was l¼ inches, body cylindrical.Head medium sized, bilobed, black and shining, with a few brownish hairs.
INSECTS OF THE NORTHERN PARTS OF BRITISH AMERICA
Authors: The Editor  
Published: February 2010

[145] 194. Campylus Denticornis, Kirby. – Length of body 6 lines. Taken in Canada by Dr. Bigsby.This is the American representative of C. mesomelas, from which it is sufficiently distinguished by its toothed antennae and longer prothorax. Body linear, black, hairy with pale decumbent hairs. Head punctured ; antennae longer than the prothorax, filiform, with all the joints, except the scape, pedicel, and terminal one, terminating at their internal extremity in a prominent tooth, less conspicuous in the two lower ones ; upper-lip, and nose which is reflexed and overhangs the mouth, yellow : prothorax channelled, punctured, quadrangular, with the anterior angles rounded, and the posterior diverging and terminating in a sharp tooth or prominence ; sides rather wavy ; limb yellow : scutellum subcordate : elytra minutely and thickly punctured, slightly furrowed, furrows thickly punctured; marked with a narrow yellow, stripe which does not reach the apex ; there is also a short yellow streak on the shoulders : base of the tibiae, claw-point of the tarsi, and claws, yellow. [“Lake Superior, Maine and Pennsylvania” (Le Conte). We have specimens taken in the neighborhood of Ottawa, Ont.]
THE PLUM SPHINX MOTH
Authors: Reed E. B. 
Published: February 2010

As this moth pretty generally makes its appearance in our plum orchards from year to year, I have thought it advisable to give a short history of its different stages for the benefit of our fruit-growers.It is a member of a family of moths to which the great naturalist Linnæus gave the name of Sphingidæ, on account of the resemblance he conceived some of their caterpillars bore, in certain positions, to the notorious Egyptian Sphinx, and which our artist has faithfully represented in the engraving of the larva—fig. 1. while the ravages caused by this caterpillar are fortunately not very extensive, yet it generally appears in different localities from time to time in numbers quite sufficient to cause considerable annoyance to the plum-growers of those regions.
NOTES ON PIERIS RAPÆ
Authors: Bowles G. J. 
Published: February 2010

The April number of the Entomologist contains a commnunication from my esteemed friend Mr. S. H. Scudder, with reference to the yellow male variety of this species. In it he asks several questions which I shall endeavour to answer, adding some other particulars to make my notes as complete as possible.I think that entomologists will agree with me in considering P. rapæas one of the most interesting insects existing on this continent, not only with refercnce to its destructive habits, but also on account of its recent introduction and rapid dissemination over the country.
NOTES ON LIMOCHORES BIMACULA, Scudd
Authors: Minot C. S. 
Published: February 2010

The following is a description of Limochores bimacula, Scuds ♂ , Hesperia acanoatus, Scudd., which I drew up some time ago:-Dark brown marked with chrome yellow.Above: head, thorax, abdomen and antennae black, the head and abdomen having a few yellow hairs. Both wings dark olive brown; primaries with a indistinct spot a little above and beyond the outer termination of the disk; a large patch extends over the middle third from the outer margin to the disc, and is crossed by a black velvety dash, which if continued would bisect the apical angle
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

It may be necessary o state that the names which I have used for the different nervures of the wings in thesc papers are those used by Dr. Clemens, and differ somewhat from those in use by European entomologists.Various means may be used for the purpose of denuding the wings of their scales, so as to render the neuration distinct. The wing may be process repeated slightly between two pieces of moinstened bibulous paper, and the process repeated until the wing is sufficiently denuded ; or, if this does not denude it sufficiently, the fewremaining scales may be removed with a camel's or sable hair brush.
MICRO-LEPIDOPTERA
Authors: Chambers V. T. 
Published: February 2010

This genus approaches Gelechia, but not so nearly as Anarsia, Parasia,&c., the hind wings being sublanceclate, and not emarginate beneath the apex, and having a different neuration. Dr. Clemens describes four species. only one of which, H. chalcofrontella, is known to me. Gelechia glandulella, Riley, belongs here. The genus is divisible into two branches.A. In which the median vein of the hind wings gives off one branch before the transverse vein and a furcate branch behind it, and the curved apical branch.
Sampling plan for Adelges cooleyi (Hemiptera: Adelgidae) in spruce seed orchards
Authors: Strong Ward B. , Bennett Robert G. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractWithin-plant and between-plants distributions of the Cooley spruce gall adelgid, Adelges cooleyi (Gillette), fundatrices were measured in “interior spruce”, Picea glauca × P. engelmannii (Moench) Voss. & Parry (Pinaceae), seed orchards in central British Columbia to develop a quantitative sampling plan. Adelgids (number of fundatrices per shoot) were abundant at the lower and middle crown heights of the tree crowns but scarce at the upper crown height, and more abundant on the ends and central one-third of branches than on the inner portions. The northern and eastern aspects of trees had slightly but significantly more adelgids than did the southern and western aspects, and terminal shoots had more adelgids than did distolateral shoots. Variance was much greater between than within trees. These data were used to create a sampling plan with a sample unit consisting of a single 1-year-old shoot selected from the ends or central area of main branches in the lower or middle portion of each sample tree. Collecting 104 samples required 69 min, and yielded an estimate of the mean number of fundatrices per shoot with a standard error of 10% of the mean.
Field response of onion thrips and New Zealand flower thrips to single and binary blends of thrips lures
Authors: Wogin Michael J. , Butler Ruth C. , Teulon David A.J. , Davidson Melanie M. 
Published: February 2010

AbstractTests were performed to determine whether combining two thrips lures, ethyl nicotinate (EN) and ethyl isonicotinate (EI), in the same water trap increased the numbers of New Zealand flower thrips (NZFT), Thrips obscuratus Crawford, and onion thrips, T. tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Terebrantia: Thripidae), caught in the field relative to traps with a single lure. Traps with both lures (1:1 ratio; mixture or separate adjacent vials) caught 5–9 times more female onion thrips (thelyotokous populations are the most prevalent in New Zealand) than traps with EN only (P<0.001), but in similar numbers to traps with EI only. Traps with both lures caught 2–3 times as many male and female NZFT than traps with EI only, but in similar numbers to traps with EN only. Thus, a combination of the two lures in one trap could be used to detect and monitor flying onion thrips and NZFT simultaneously.