bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving grid performance by dynamically deploying applications
Authors: Wu Yongwei , Chen Gang , Liu Jia , Fang Rui , Yang Guangwen , Zheng Weimin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractGrid applications are normally deployed on computing nodes beforehand, which may cause the undesirable situation that some of these nodes (with hot applications deployed) are always busy whereas the others are consistently idle. Therefore, the overall performance (e.g. throughput and load balancing) of such a Grid system would be seriously degraded. In this paper, we present the idea of Hierarchical and Dynamic Deployment of Application (HDDA) in Grid to improve the system performance. With HDDA, an application can be dynamically deployed and undeployed when necessary. In order to reduce the overhead caused by HDDA, the Average Latency Ratio Minimum (ALR‐MIN) replacement strategy is also proposed. It deploys applications to nodes with minimum ALR of Node (NALR), and evicts applications with minimum increment of ALR. The results of the experiment we conducted on ChinaGrid show that HDDA can achieve 10 and 24% less average complete time (ACT) than the schemes of non‐HDDA and Static Deployment of Application (SDA), respectively. Additionally, throughput and load balancing of HDDA are also better than the other two schemas. Results of the simulation performed on a simulator particularly developed for this research show that our ALR‐MIN replacement strategy results in 17% less relative delay‐time of jobs than the well‐known Least Recently Used (LRU)‐based strategies in a typical setting. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nocturnal enuresis in adolescents with anorexia nervosa: Prevalence, potential causes, and pathophysiology
Authors: Kanbur Nuray , Pinhas Leora , Lorenzo Armando , Farhat Walid , Licht Christoph , Katzman Debra K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjective:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and potential causes of secondary nocturnal enuresis (NE) in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN).Method:Adolescents with AN completed the Incontinence Symptom Index‐Pediatric (ISI‐P), a self‐report urinary incontinence survey. Those who had NE associated with the onset of AN on the ISI‐P completed a comprehensive clinical and laboratory evaluation, including urinary flow measurements.Results:The prevalence of NE in adolescents with AN was 17.0% (10 of 59). The overall frequency of day‐ and night‐time urinary incontinence symptoms in adolescents with AN was 62.7%; urgency incontinence, 57.6%; stress incontinence, 32.2%; and insensate incontinence, 17.0%. Nine of the 10 adolescents with NE had secondary NE and confirmed that bedwetting ceased after weight restoration.Discussion:Decreased functional bladder capacity and detrusor instability may contribute to the NE observed in this population. The high prevalence of NE in adolescents with AN warrants further study to determine the potential causative pathways. Clinicians who work with adolescents with AN should assess for this problem. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals,Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2011; 44:349–355)
Hepatoprotection by palm tocotrienol‐rich fraction
Authors: Lee Shu‐Ping , Yang Shyh‐Chyun , Cheng Yen‐Shih , Lien Wan‐Jung , Ng Lean‐Teik 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTocotrienols, a group of important phytonutrients of palm oil, have been shown to possess antioxidant, anticancer, neuroprotectory, and anti‐inflammatory activities. In this study, our objective was to examine the protective effects of tocotrienol‐rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil on chronic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)‐induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Animals were subjected to vehicle only (control), CCl4 only, CCl4 + 100 mg/kg silymarin (silymarin), CCl4 + 25 mg/kg TRF (TRF‐25) and CCl4 + 50 mg/kg TRF (TRF‐50) treatments for a period of 8 wks. Results showed that daily oral administration of TRF‐25, TRF‐50, and silymarin prevented the elevation of serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (sGOT) and glutamate pyruvate transaminase (sGPT), liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), triglycerides and total cholesterol levels, as well as enhancing the liver catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels in rats with hepatotoxicity. At 50 mg/kg, the hepatoprotection of TRF was as good as or better than silymarin (100 mg/kg) in normalization of oxidative stress parameters in liver injury rats. These results suggest that TRF exerts effective protection against chronic CCl4‐induced hepatic injury in rats, and its mechanism of action could be related to reducing oxidative stress in the liver tissue.
Effect of Enzyme and Cofactor Immobilization on the Response of Ethanol Oxidation in Zirconium Phosphate Modified Biosensors
Authors: Santiago Mitk'El B. , Daniel Gabriel A. , David Amanda , Casañas Barbara , Hernández Griselle , Guadalupe Ana R. , Colón Jorge L. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTwo different self‐contained ethanol amperometric biosensors incorporating layered [Ru(phend)2bpy]2+‐intercalated zirconium phosphate (ZrP) as the mediator as well as yeast‐alcohol dehydrogenase (y‐ADH) and its cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) were constructed to improve upon a design previously reported where only this mediator was immobilized in the surface of a modified electrode. In the first biosensor, a [Ru(phend)2bpy]2+‐intercalated ZrP modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) was improved by immobilizing in its surface both y‐ADH and NAD+ using quaternized Nafion membrane. In the second biosensor, a glassy carbon electrode was modified with [Ru(phend)2bpy]2+‐intercalated ZrP, y‐ADH, and NAD+ using Nafion as the holding matrix. Calibration plots for ethanol sensing were constructed in the presence and absence of ZrP. In the absence of ZrP in the surface of the modified glassy carbon electrode, leaching of ADH was observed as detected by UV‐vis spectrophotometry. Ethanol sensing was also tested in the presence and absence of ascorbate to measure the selectivity of the sensor for ethanol. These two ethanol biosensors were compared to a previously reported one where the y‐ADH and the NAD+ were in solution, not immobilized.
Highly Sensitive Voltammetric Speciation and Determination of Inorganic Arsenic in Water and Alloy Samples Using Ammonium 2‐Amino‐1‐Cyclopentene‐1‐Dithiocarboxylate
Authors: Ensafi Ali Asghar , Ring Adam C. , Fritsch Ingrid 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA simple, fast, reproducible (2.5% RSD at 3.0 μg/L), and sensitive method is described for quantifying As(III) (0.3 μg/L detection limit, 0.5–440 μg/L dynamic range). Anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) is performed after accumulating arsenic at a mercury film electrode at −0.350 V vs. Ag/AgCl (saturated KCl) for 20 s in 0.2 M HCl containing 8 μM ammonium 2‐amino‐1‐cyclopentene‐1‐dithiocarboxylate (AACD), without oxygen removal. This is the first report of using AACD in ASV and in electrochemical quantification of As(III). Total arsenic is determined after sodium‐sulfite‐reduction of As(V) to As(III). Interferences are minimal. Method validation involved water and metal alloy samples.
Electrochemical Elucidation of the Facilitated Ion Transport Across a Bilayer Lipid Membrane in the Presence of Neutral Carrier Compounds
Authors: Onishi Jun , Shirai Osamu , Kano Kenji 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe ion transport facilitated by neutral carrier compounds (valinomycin, nonactin) has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry in the several electrolyte solutions (KF, KCl, KBr, KNO3, KSCN, KClO4), and we demonstrated the effect of the counter anions on the facilitated transport of K+ from the viewpoint of electroneutrality. Voltammograms for the ion transport were generated at steady state and the current density between W1 and W2, jW1–W2, increased with the absolute value of the applied membrane potential, EW1–W2. Then, the magnitude of jW1–W2 at a certain EW1–W2 increased with the hydrophobicity of the counter anion. It was proved that the logarithm of |jW1–W2|at a certain EW1–W2 is almost proportional to the hydration energy of the counter anion. This indicates that not only K+ but also the counter anion distributes into the BLM. Therefore, the magnitude of jW1–W2 at a certain EW1–W2 increased with an increase of pH, because the hydroxide ion was served as a counter anion. Based on the variation of the zero‐current potential in case of various asymmetrical ionic compositions, it is found that the amount of cation transport is much larger than that of anion transport.
Selective Detection of p‐Phenylenediamine in Hair Dyes Based on a Special CE Mechanism Using MnO2 Nanowires
Authors: Bai Yu‐Hui , Li Jin‐Yi , Zhu Yu‐hua , Xu Jing‐Juan , Chen Hong‐Yuan 
Published: March 2010

AbstractWe report a novel approach for selective determination of p‐phenylenediamine in hair dyes using β‐MnO2 nanowires modified glassy carbon (GC) electrodes through an electrochemical co‐deposition process with chitosan hydrogel. A special CE (chemical reaction and electron transfer) process on the surface of β‐MnO2 nanowires modified GC electrode is proposed and proved by cyclic voltammetry and UV‐Vis spectroscopy in the presence of p‐phenylenediamine. p‐Phenylenediamine can react with MnO2 nanowires to produce diimine and the equilibrium of the two‐electron and two‐proton redox process of p‐phenylenediamine on the electrode is changed, and consequently the reductive current is enhanced significantly. At a constant potential of 0 V vs. SCE, other main components of hair dyes including o‐, m‐phenylenediamine, catechol, resorcinol, and p‐dihydroxybenzene do not interfere in the determination of p‐phenylenediamine in the amperometric measurement because of their much lower chemical reaction activities with MnO2 nanowires. It shows a determination range of 0.2–150 μM and a low detection limit of 50 nM to response p‐phenylenediamine. This modified electrode is successfully used to analyze the amount of p‐phenylenediamine in hair dyes without preseparation procedures.
Numerical simulation of flow of micropolar fluids in a channel with a porous wall
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad , Syed K. S. , Anwar Kamal M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTwo‐dimensional steady, laminar, and incompressible flow of a micropolar fluid in a channel with no‐slip at one wall and constant uniform injection through the other wall is considered for different values of the Reynolds number R. The main flow stream is superimposed by constant injection velocity at the porous wall. The micropolar model introduced by Eringen is used to describe the working fluid. An extension of Berman's similarity transformations is used to reduce governing equations to a set of nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) in dimensionless form. An algorithm based on finite difference method is employed to solve these ODEs and Richardson's extrapolation is used to obtain higher order accuracy. It has been found that the magnitude of shear stress increases strictly at the impermeable wall whereas it decreases steadily at the permeable wall, by increasing the injection velocity. The maximum value of streamwise velocity and that of the microrotation both increase with increasing the magnitude of R. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development of Single Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SCFC)
Authors: Viricelle J.‐P. , Udroiu S. , Gadacz G. , Pijolat M. , Pijolat C. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSingle Chamber Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SCFC) have been prepared using an electrolyte as support (Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 named GDC). Anode (Ni‐GDC) and different cathodes (Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3 (SSC), Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.2Fe0.8O3 (BSCF) and La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 (LSM)) were placed on the same side of the electrolyte. All the electrodes were deposited using screen‐printing technology. A gold collector was also deposited on the cathode to decrease the over‐potential. The different materials and fuel cell devices were tested under propane/air mixture, after a preliminary treatment under hydrogen to reduce the as‐deposited nickel oxide anode. The results show that SSC and BSCF cathodes are not stable in these conditions, leading to a very low open circuit voltage (OCV) of 150 mV. Although LSM material is not the more adequate cathode regarding its high catalytic activity towards hydrocarbon conversion, it has a better chemical stability than SSC and BSCF. Ni‐GDC‐LSM SCFC devices were elaborated and tested; an OCV of nearly 750 mV could be obtained with maximum power densities around 20 mW cm–2 at 620 °C, under air–propane mixture with C3H8/O2 ratio equal to 0.53.
IL‐27 inhibits OSM‐mediated TNF‐α and iNOS gene expression in microglia
Authors: Baker Brandi J. , Park Keun W. , Qin Hongwei , Ma Xiangyu , Benveniste Etty N. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractElevated levels of Oncostatin M (OSM), an interleukin‐6 family cytokine, have been observed in multiple sclerosis (MS), HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND), and glioblastoma (GBM); however, its effects within the CNS are not well understood. OSM regulates gene expression primarily by activating the JAK/STAT, NF‐κB, and/or MAPK pathways, in a cell‐type specific manner. In our studies, OSM induces the production of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) from microglia in an NF‐κB‐dependent manner. This expression also partially requires the intermediate production of TNF‐α and subsequent NF‐κB activation via TNF‐R1. We also demonstrate that OSM‐induced TNF‐α production from microglia is neurotoxic. The IL‐12 family member, IL‐27, suppresses OSM‐mediated TNF‐α and iNOS expression at the transcriptional level by inhibiting activation of the NF‐κB pathway, and rescues the neurotoxicity induced by OSM‐stimulated microglia. These studies are the first to demonstrate the proinflammatory effects of OSM in microglia, and also identify IL‐27 as a novel inhibitor of inflammatory processes in these cells. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Human mesenchymal stem cell‐derived Schwann cell‐like cells exhibit neurotrophic effects, via distinct growth factor production, in a model of spinal cord injury
Authors: Park Hwan‐Woo , Lim Mi‐Jin , Jung Heekyung , Lee Seung‐Pyo , Paik Ki‐Suk , Chang Mi‐Sook 
Published: March 2010

AbstractHuman bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are considered a desirable cell source for autologous cell transplantation therapy to treat nervous system injury due to their ability to differentiate into specific cell types and render the tissue microenvironment more favorable for tissue repair by secreting various growth factors. To potentiate their possible trophic effect, hMSCs were induced without genetic modification to adopt characteristics of Schwann cells (SCs), which provide trophic support for regenerating axons. The induced hMSCs (shMSCs) adopted a SC‐like morphology and expressed SC‐specific proteins including the p75 neurotrophin receptor, which correlated with cell‐cycle exit. In addition, shMSCs secreted higher amounts of several growth factors, such as hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) when compared with uninduced hMSCs. Coculture of shMSCs with Neuro2A cells significantly increased neurite outgrowth and cell proliferation but decreased cell death. Transplantation of shMSCs in an ex vivo model of spinal cord injury dramatically enhanced axonal outgrowth, which was mediated by HGF and VEGF secretion and also decreased cell death. These results demonstrate that shMSCs could serve as an endogenous source of neurotrophic growth factors to facilitate axonal regeneration while at the same time protecting the resident cells at the site of tissue injury. We propose that these induced hMSCs without genetic modification are useful for autologous cell therapy to treat nervous system injury. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A psychoneuroimmunological review on cytokines involved in antidepressant treatment response
Authors: Janssen Debbie G. A. , Caniato Riccardo N. , Verster Joris C. , Baune Bernhard T. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectivesThe literature exploring the role that cytokine functioning plays in the pathogenesis and treatment of depressive illness is reviewed. The review focuses on the influence of antidepressants on cytokines, and on how treatment response might be affected by genetic variants of cytokines.MethodThe authors systematically reviewed the scientific literature on the subject over the last 20 years, searching PubMed, PsychInfo, and Cochrane databases.ResultsAntidepressants modulate cytokine functioning, and these mechanisms appear to directly influence treatment outcome in depression. Antidepressants appear to normalize serum levels of major inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α), and interferon gamma (IFN‐γ). Antidepressants are postulated to modulate cytokine functioning through their effects on intracellular cyclic adenosyl monophosphate (cAMP), serotonin metabolism, the hypothalamo‐pituitary‐adrenocortical (HPA) axis or through a direct action on neurogenesis. Preliminary research shows that cytokine genotypes and functioning may be able to help predict antidepressant treatment response.ConclusionsCurrent literature demonstrates an association between antidepressant action and cytokine functioning in major depression. Improved understanding of the specific pharmacologic and pharmacogenetic mechanisms is needed. Such knowledge may serve to enhance our understanding of depression, leading to promising new directions in the pathology, nosology, and treatment of depression. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensory disturbances associated with serotonin reuptake inhibitors: brief review
Authors: Praharaj Samir Kumar , Arora Manu , Sarkhel Sujit 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSerotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) are occasionally associated with sensory symptoms, which are one of the less recognized adverse effects. A PUBMED search supplemented with manual search was made to review the relevant literature. Anesthesia, paresthesia, and mastalgia have been reported to occur with this group of medications. The possible pathophysiology and management strategies are discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Water repellency as run‐off and soil detachment controlling factor in a dry‐Mediterranean hillslope (South of Spain)
Authors: Martínez‐Murillo Juan Francisco , Ruiz‐Sinoga José Damián 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study examines the effect of water repellency on controlling temporal variability of runoff generation mechanisms and soil detachment on metamorphic derived soils under dry‐Mediterranean climate. The research is carried out in an unburnt Mediterranean hillslope in souther Spain characterized by a patchy vegetation pattern and shallow soils. The Water Drop Penetration Time test (WDPT) is applied to measure water repellency at the end of summer (Sep‐2008), mid autumn (Nov‐2008) and mid winter (Feb‐2009). Rainfall simulations were used to obtain runoff generation and soil detachment in the same periods of time. The main shrub specie is Cistus monspeliensis which leaves a load of litter during the summer due to the lack of water. This great amount of organic material is accumulated under the shrubs triggering an extreme water repellence (WDPT > 6,000 s) that limits infiltration processes. This process is enforced due to the low soil water content at the end of dry season. Certain water repellency (WDPT > 1,500 s) is also observed on bare soil as consequence of their sandier texture and the accumulation of annual plants which die at the end of the wet season. Soil moisture increases during the autumn and water repellency disappears in both shrub and bare soil at the middle of the wet season (WDPT < 5 s). The main consequence is that the temporal trend of water repellency controls the mechanism and frequency of runoff generation and, hence, soil detachment. At the end of the summer, Hortonian mechanisms predominates when water repellency is extreme, even in soils under Cistus monspeliensis where runoff generation can reach higher peaks of overland flow and sediment concentration. Conversely, only the saturation of soil could generate runoff during the wet season being this quite less frequent in bare soil and absent in shrub. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Between‐therapist and within‐therapist differences in the quality of the therapeutic relationship: effects on maladjustment and self‐critical perfectionism
Authors: Zuroff David C. , Kelly Allison C. , Leybman Michelle J. , Blatt Sidney J. , Wampold Bruce E. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThe relationship between therapeutic outcome and a patient‐reported measure of the Rogerian conditions of positive regard, empathy, and genuineness was decomposed into between‐therapist effects and within‐therapist effects using multilevel modeling. Data were available for 157 depressed outpatients treated by 27 therapists in the cognitive‐behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, or placebo with clinical management conditions of the Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (Elkin, 1994). Consistent with prior findings of significant between‐therapist variability in outcome (e.g., Baldwin, Wampold, & Imel, 2007), patients whose therapists provided high average levels of the perceived Rogerian conditions across the patients in their caseloads experienced more rapid reductions in both overall maladjustment and depressive vulnerability (self‐critical perfectionism). Within each therapist's caseload, differences between patients in perceived Rogerian conditions had weaker effects. The results underline the importance of differences between therapists as determinants of outcome in the treatment of depression. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: 66:1–17, 2010.
Confirmatory factor analysis of the posttraumatic growth inventory with a sample of soldiers previously deployed in support of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars
Authors: Lee Jocelyn A. , Luxton David D. , Reger Greg M. , Gahm Gregory A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractResearch has documented the impact of combat trauma on psychological functioning but less is known about the measurement of positive changes after military deployments. This study examined the factor structure of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI; Tedeschi & Calhoun, 1996) on a sample of active duty soldiers (n = 3537) exposed to combat in Iraq or Afghanistan. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted to test a 5‐factor model and a single higher‐order factor model. CFA results indicated that both models fit the data equally well and provide support for using both the whole scale and a multidimensional scale. The use of the PTGI in military research and the limitations of the current study are discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: 66:1–7, 2010.