bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
أثر انموذج التعلم البنائي في التفكير الإبداعي وبعض المهارات الأساسية بكرة السلة لطلاب كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة جامعة المثنى
Authors: Assis  Teacher . Rafaa Rahim Musa  
Published: May 2024

تكمن اهمية البحث في استخدام انموذج تعليمي وهو انموذج التعلم البنائي للتعرف على تأثيره في التفكير الابداعي وبعض المهارات الأساسية بكرة السلة لطلاب المرحلة الأولى كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة جامعة المثنى للعام الدراسي (2021- 2022) والبالغ عددهم ( 65 ) طالب يمثلون ( 3 ) شعبة ، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي بأسلوب المجموعتين المتكافئتين لملائمته في تطبيق اجراءاته الميدانية ، اما عينة البحث اشتملت على (26 ) طالب والتي تم اختيارها عن طريق القرعة وكانت من شعبتي
( ب ، د ) والتي تم اختيارهم بالطريقة القرعة اصبحت شعبة ( د ) المجموعة التجريبية وشعبة ( ب ) المجموعة الضابطة ، وتم استخدام الادوات والاجهزة الضرورية في البحث وخطوات تنفيذه والتي تضمن اعداد انموذج التعلم البنائي والتجربة الاستطلاعية والتجربة الميدانية الرئيسة المتضمنة في الاختبارات القبلية وتطبيق انموذج التعلم البنائي ثم الاختبارات البعدية واستنتجت الباحثة حاجة الطلاب الى انموذج التعلم البنائي لمساعدتهم في تطوير التفكير الابداعي وبعض المهارات الأساسية بكرة السلة وتوصي الباحثة بالاستفادة النماذج الحديثة في المحاضرات لما لها من دور كبير في التفكير الإبداعي وبعض المهارات الأساسية بكرة السلة .
Enhancing percutaneous kyphoplasty efficacy in elderly osteoporotic fractures through optimal cement filling ratio
Authors: Sun Ningxue , Zhang Yu , Xie Deqian , Chen Yating , Liu Yang 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo explore the appropriate bone cement filling ratio in percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF).MethodsClinical and radiological data from 150 OVCF patients treated with PKP were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were categorized into three groups based on bone cement filling ratio: low (&lt;0.4), medium (0.4-0.6), and high (&gt;0.6) filling ratio groups. The clinical characteristics (age, gender, BMI, etc.) and related study data (bone cement leakage and its location, pre/post-operative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), pre/post-operative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), vertebral height restoration, kyphotic Cobb angle, etc.) among the three groups were compared using statistical software to compare to identify the most appropriate cement filling ratio.ResultsThe 0.4-0.6 group presented a lower cement leakage rate compared to the &gt;0.6 group, and there were no significant differences in pre-operative VAS, post-operative day 2 VAS, post-operative month 1 VAS, and pre-operative ODI (p&gt;0.05). However, significant differences were observed in post-operative month 3 VAS (p=0.002), post-operative day 2 ODI (p=0.002), post-operative month 1 ODI (p&lt;0.001), and post-operative month 3 ODI (p&lt;0.001). The “0.4-0.6” group showed better pain improvement and functional recovery compared with the “&gt;0.6” group at the 3-month follow-up. While presenting the best vertebral height restoration, the “&gt;0.6” group also exhibited the greatest variability. Additionally, no significant difference in Cobb angle changes was observed among the groups.ConclusionA bone cement filling ratio of 0.4-0.6 in PKP treatment for OVCF strikes a favorable balance between complication reduction and positive patient outcomes, warranting it as an optimal filling volume.
Clinical effectiveness and predictors of response to topiramate plus lifestyle modification in youth with obesity seen in a weight management clinical setting
Authors: Bomberg Eric M. , Clark Justin , Rudser Kyle D. , Gross Amy C. , Kelly Aaron S. , Fox Claudia K. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionObesity affects approximately 20% of U.S. youth. Anti-obesity medications (AOMs) are promising lifestyle modification adjuncts for obesity treatment, and topiramate is commonly prescribed in pediatric weight management clinics. It is important to determine “real-world” effectiveness of AOMs and, given shifts towards personalized approaches, characteristics potentially predicting better or worse response. We therefore sought to describe clinical effectiveness from topiramate plus lifestyle modification, and to determine if baseline phenotypic characteristics are associated with better or worse response.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study (2012-2020) among youth (&lt;18 years old) followed in a U.S. academic-based weight management clinic. Baseline characteristics (i.e., body mass index (BMI), liver function tests, eating-related behaviors) and outcomes (%BMI of 95th percentile (%BMIp95), BMI, percent %BMI change, weight) were determined through review of electronic health records and clinic intake survey data.ResultsAmong 282 youth prescribed topiramate plus lifestyle modifications (mean baseline age 12.7 years, %BMIp95 144%), %BMIp95 and percent BMI change were statistically significantly reduced at each time point (1.5-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month %BMIp95 reductions: -2.2, -3.9, -6.6, and -9.3 percentage points, respectively; percent BMI reduction: -1.2%, -1.9%, -3.2%, and -3.4%, respectively; all p&lt;0.01). Considering multiple comparisons, no baseline characteristics statistically significantly predicted response at any time point.ConclusionsWe found that topiramate plus lifestyle modification reduced %BMIp95 and BMI among youth in a weight management clinical setting, and that no baseline characteristics evaluated were associated with response. These results should be considered preliminary given the observational nature of this study, and prospective studies are needed to further characterize clinical effectiveness and identify and confirm potential predictors of response.
Uterine leiomyoma causes an increase in systolic blood pressure: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Xu Hui , Ma Yuxia , Long Yi , Liu Ren , Cheng Ziyang , Xie Xiuzhen , Han Xingjun , Wang Xuan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesHypertension and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are common diseases in women at different stages, which affect women’s physical and mental health, and the impact of the latter on the offspring cannot not be ignored. Observational studies have investigated the correlation between uterine leiomyoma (UL) and the above conditions, but the relationship remains unclear. In this study, we employed two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess the association between UL and hypertension, HDP, as well as blood pressure.MethodsWe collected genetic association data of UL (35,474 cases), hypertension (129,909 cases), HDP (gestational hypertension with 8,502 cases, pre-eclampsia with 6,663 cases and eclampsia with 452cases), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (both 757,601 participants) from published available genome-wide association studies (GWAS). The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with UL phenotype were used as instrumental variables, and hypertension, three sub-types of HDP, SBP and DBP were used as outcomes. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary method of causal inference. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran’s Q test, and sensitivity analyses were conducted using MR-Egger regression and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier (MR-PRESSO) tests to evaluate the pleiotropy of instrumental variables. PhenoScanner search was used to remove confounding SNP. Robustness and reliability of the results were assessed using methods such as the weighted median and weighted mode.ResultsThe IVW analysis revealed a positive correlation between genetically predicted UL and SBP [odds ratio (OR)= 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.24~2.25, P = 0.0007], and no statistical association was found between UL and hypertension, HDP, or DBP. The MR-Egger regression suggested that the above causal relationships were not affected by horizontal pleiotropy. The weighted median method and weighted model produced similar results to the IVW.ConclusionBased on large-scale population GWAS data, our MR analysis suggested a causal relationship between UL and SBP. Therefore, women with UL, especially pregnant women, should pay attention to monitoring their blood pressure levels. For patients with hypertension who already have UL, interventions for UL may serve as potential therapeutic methods for managing blood pressure.
Sex-specific associations between the developmental alterations in the pituitary-thyroid hormone axis and thyroid nodules in Chinese euthyroid adults: a community-based cross−sectional study
Authors: Li Ying , Yu Genfeng , Yao Nanfang , Liu Siyang , Wang Dongmei , Ma Qintao , Liu Lan , Wan Heng , Shen Jie 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPrevious studies have revealed the sex-specific features of pituitary–thyroid hormone (TH) actions and the prevalence of thyroid nodules (TNs) in children and adolescents. However, it was unclear in adults. We aimed to investigate the features of pituitary–TH actions in women and men at different ages, and the associations of thyrotropin (TSH), THs, and central sensitivity to THs indices including the thyroid feedback quantile-based index by FT4 (TFQIFT4) and the thyroid feedback quantile-based index by FT3(TFQIFT3) with of TNs in Chinese euthyroid adults.Methods8771 euthyroid adults from the communities in China were involved. Demographic, behavioral, and anthropometric data were gathered through the questionnaires. Ultrasound was performed to evaluate the TNs. TSH and THs levels were measured. The multivariable logistic regression and multivariable ordinal logistic regression were conducted.ResultsTFQIFT3 among both genders, except women aged 43 to 59 years, where it increased slightly. Additionally, there was an age-related decline in TFQIFT4 levels in both women and men at ages &lt; 50 and &lt; 53, respectively, but a marked increase after that. Lower TSH levels were significantly associated with a higher prevalence and lower odds of having fewer TNs using multiple nodules as the base category in both men and women (both P for trend &lt; 0.05). Additionally, lower TFQIFT3 and TFQIFT4 levels were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of TNs in women (both P for trend &lt; 0.05), and lower TFQIFT3 levels were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of TNs in men. Both higher TFQIFT3 and TFQIFT4 levels were significantly associated with higher odds of having fewer TNs using multiple nodules as the base category in women. However, the relationships between TFQIFT4 and the prevalence or number of TNs in men were not found.ConclusionsThe trends of THs, TSH, TFQIFT4, and TFQIFT3 at different ages were sex-dependent. Both TFQIFT4 and TFQIFT3 levels were negatively associated with the prevalence and number of TNs in women. The present results may lead to a better understanding of the sex-specific relationships between the development of the pituitary-TH axis and the formation of TNs.
Machine learning algorithms for identifying contralateral central lymph node metastasis in unilateral cN0 papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Ren Anwen , Zhu Jiaqing , Wu Zhenghao , Ming Jie , Ruan Shengnan , Xu Ming , Huang Tao 
Published: May 2024

PurposeThe incidence of thyroid cancer is growing fast and surgery is the most significant treatment of it. For patients with unilateral cN0 papillary thyroid cancer whether to dissect contralateral central lymph node is still under debating. Here, we aim to provide a machine learning based prediction model of contralateral central lymph node metastasis using demographic and clinical data.Methods2225 patients with unilateral cN0 papillary thyroid cancer from Wuhan Union Hospital were retrospectively studied. Clinical and pathological features were compared between patients with contralateral central lymph node metastasis and without. Six machine learning models were constructed based on these patients and compared using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic and decision curve analysis. The selected models were then verified using data from Differentiated Thyroid Cancer in China study. All statistical analysis and model construction were performed by R software.ResultsMale, maximum diameter larger than 1cm, multifocality, ipsilateral central lymph node metastasis and younger than 50 years were independent risk factors of contralateral central lymph node metastasis. Random forest model performed better than others, and were verified in external validation cohort. A web calculator was constructed.ConclusionsGender, maximum diameter, multifocality, ipsilateral central lymph node metastasis and age should be considered for contralateral central lymph node dissection. The web calculator based on random forest model may be helpful in clinical decision.
Association between blood urea nitrogen levels and diabetic retinopathy in diabetic adults in the United States (NHANES 2005-2018)
Authors: Du Kejie , Luo Wenjuan 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels and diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM).MethodsSeven cycles of cross-sectional population information acquired from NHANES(national health and nutrition examination surveys) 2005-2018 were collected, from which a sample of diabetic adults was screened and separated into two groups based on whether or not they had DR, followed by weighted multivariate regression analysis. This study collected a complete set of demographic, biological, and sociological risk factor indicators for DR. Demographic risk factors comprised age, gender, and ethnicity, while biological risk factors included blood count, blood pressure, BMI, waist circumference, and glycated hemoglobin. Sociological risk factors included education level, deprivation index, smoking status, and alcohol consumption.ResultsThe multiple regression model revealed a significant connection between BUN levels and DR [odds ratio =1.04, 95% confidence interval (1.03-1.05), p-value &lt;0.0001],accounting for numerous variables. After equating BUN levels into four groups, multiple regression modeling showed the highest quartile (BUN&gt;20 mg/dl) was 2.22 times more likely to develop DR than the lowest quartile [odds ratio =2.22, 95% confidence interval (1.69-2.93), p- value &lt;0.0001]. Subgroup analyses revealed that gender, race, diabetes subtype, and duration of diabetes had a regulating effect on the relationship between BUN and DR.ConclusionBUN levels were related with an increased prevalence of DR, particularly in individuals with BUN &gt;20 mg/dl. These findings highlight the significance of BUN level in assessing the risk of DR.
Environmental impact assessment of hemp cultivation and its seed-based food products
Authors: Meffo Kemda Marlyse , Marchi Michela , Neri Elena , Marchettini Nadia , Niccolucci Valentina 
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Hemp is a crop cultivated in Europe since ancient times, with a variety of purposes and products. Despite being known for its positive environmental effects on ecosystems, the impacts of hemp-based food products have not been sufficiently investigated yet. This paper contributed to deepen the knowledge of the hemp industry by focusing on the potential environmental impact of the cultivation phase (under three different agronomic practices in Italy: organic outdoor and conventional outdoor, and indoor) and the production of selected hemp-based goods (seed oil and flour for food purposes and flowers for therapeutic uses).Methods: The impact was quantified utilizing the life cycle assessment within different impact categories, such as carbon footprint (CF), eutrophication (EP), acidification (AP), and water footprint (WF). For a carbon offset assessment, the carbon storage capability (i.e., the carbon fixed in crop residues left in the field) of hemp was also investigated through the guidelines provided by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).Results and Discussion: The cultivation phase contributed to a CF that ranged from 1.2 (organic outdoor) to 374 (indoor) kg per kg of grains (conventional outdoor). These results were in line with the literature. Sensitivity scenarios based on hotspot analysis were also presented for CF mitigation for each kind of cultivation. On the other hand, the ability of hemp to sequester carbon in the soil due to crop residues left in the field (i.e., carbon storage) was evaluated (−2.7 kg CO2 (ha year)−1), showing that the CF was fully compensated (−0.27 kg CO2 (ha year)−1 for conventional outdoor and −1.07 kg CO2 (ha year)−1 for organic outdoor). Regarding hemp-based products, only dried flowers showed a negative balance (−0.99 kg CO2 per kg dry flower), while hemp oil and flour reported 31.79 kg CO2 per kg flour) when carbon storage was accounted. The results support the idea that the production chain can be sustainable and carbon-neutral only when all the different parts of the plant (flowers, seeds, fibers, leaves, and all residues) were used to manufacture durable goods according to the framework of the circular economy.
Retinal microglia express more MHC class I and promote greater T-cell-driven inflammation than brain microglia
Authors: Bloomfield Christina L. , Gong Joyce , Droho Steven , Makinde Hadijat M. , Gurra Miranda G. , Stumpf Cecilia H. , Kharel Arjun , Gadhvi Gaurav , Winter Deborah R. , Cui Weiguo , Cuda Carla M. , Lavine Jeremy A. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionMacrophage function is determined by microenvironment and origin. Brain and retinal microglia are both derived from yolk sac progenitors, yet their microenvironments differ. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from mice, we tested the hypothesis that retinal and brain microglia exhibit distinct transcriptional profiles due to their unique microenvironments.MethodsEyes and brains from 2-4 month wildtype mice were combined (20 eyes; 3 brains) to yield one biologically diverse sample per organ. Each tissue was digested into single cell suspensions, enriched for immune cells, and sorted for scRNA-seq. Analysis was performed in Seurat v3 including clustering, integration, and differential expression. Multi-parameter flow cytometry was used for validation of scRNA-seq results. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) Clone 13, which produces a systemic, chronic, and neurotropic infection, was used to validate scRNA-seq and flow cytometry results in vivo.ResultsCluster analysis of integrated gene expression data from eye and brain identified 6 Tmem119+P2ry12+ microglial clusters. Differential expression analysis revealed that eye microglia were enriched for more pro-inflammatory processes including antigen processing via MHC class I (14.0-fold, H2-D1 and H2-K1) and positive regulation of T-cell immunity (8.4-fold) compared to brain microglia. Multi-parameter flow cytometry confirmed that retinal microglia expressed 3.2-fold greater H2-Db and 263.3-fold more H2-Kb than brain microglia. On Day 13 and 29 after LCMV infection, CD8+ T-cell density was greater in the retina than the brain.DiscussionOur data demonstrate that the microenvironment of retina and brain differs, resulting in microglia-specific gene expression changes. Specifically, retinal microglia express greater MHC class I by scRNA-seq and multi-parameter flow cytometry, resulting in a possibly enhanced capability to stimulate CD8+ T-cell inflammation during LCMV infection. These results may explain tissue-specific differences between retina and brain during systemic viral infections and CD8+ T-cell driven autoimmune disease.
Diagnostic performance of lactate dehydrogenase as a potential biomarker in predicting preeclampsia and associated factors
Authors: Teklemariam Awgichew Behaile , Abebe Endeshaw Chekol , Agidew Melaku Mekonnen , Ayenew Atalo Agemas , Mengistie Misganaw Asmamaw , Baye Nega Dagnew , Muche Zelalem Tilahun 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundPreeclampsia (PE), a pregnancy specific syndrome, is defined as new-onset hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) and proteinuria diagnosed after gestational week 20 or new-onset pre-eclampsia associated signs in the absence of proteinuria, and it may tend to present as late as 4–6 weeks’ postpartum period. It is a leading cause of maternal mortality in both developed and developing countries. In order to prevent PE, the disease must be diagnosed at its earliest stage, however, the triads of high blood pressure, edema and albuminuria is neither specific nor sensitive enough for diagnosing the disease. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is useful biochemical marker reflecting the occurrence of complications associated with preeclampsia. Besides, it has been suggested as potential biomarker to predict the severity of preeclampsia and as indicator of multi-organ involvement. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of LDH, which is affordable and easy to test, as a potential clinical biomarker to predict onset of preeclampsia.MethodsA hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted as of September 9 to December 24, 2022 at Debre Birhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (DBCSH). A total of 132 study subjects (66 preeclamptic and 66 normotensive controls) were enrolled in the study. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was used to calculate the area under the curve (AUC) and determine diagnostic accuracy of LDH. Youden’s index was used to identify an optimal cut-off point for LDH in detecting preeclampsia associated complications.ResultAUC for LDH was found to be 0.963 (95% CI, 0.91, 1.0; p = 0.000) from ROC curve analysis. An optimal cut-off point for LDH was 376.5 U/L having a sensitivity and specificity of 87.5 and 90.8%, respectively.ConclusionSerum LDH had an AUC of greater than 0.8 and showed good diagnostic accuracy in predicting development of preeclampsia. Disease duration, gestational age, systolic and diastolic blood pressure among enormous number of predictor variables had association with serum level of LDH.
Association of maternal mineral status with the risk of preterm birth: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hong Sumiao , Jiang Nan , Lin Guankai , Wang Quqing , Xu Xiaoyang , Shi Xinrui , Zhou You , Wen Xiaoting , Sun Baochang , Wang Hexing , Huang Min , Wang Jiwei , Wang Na , Chen Yue , Jiang Qingwu 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundThere has been a gradual increase in the proportion of preterm birth in China during the past several decades. Maternal malnutrition is a significant determinant for preterm birth. Nevertheless, comprehensive studies investigating serum mineral levels during pregnancy associated with preterm birth remain scarce. This study aims to assess the associations between maternal serum mineral levels and the risk of preterm birth.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study of 18,048 pregnant women used data from a tertiary hospital in China from January 2016 to December 2022. Demographic data and serum mineral concentrations in the second and third trimesters of mothers were collected from the hospital information system. Analysis was performed using restricted cubic splines and logistic regression models.ResultsThe proportion of preterm birth in this study was 6.01%. Phosphorus [P for overall = 0.005; P for nonlinear = 0.490; OR (95%CI) = 1.11 (1.04, 1.18)] and chlorine [P for overall = 0.002; P for nonlinear = 0.058; OR (95%CI) = 1.11 (1.03, 1.19)] showed a significant positive correlation with preterm birth in a linear fashion. Furthermore, serum levels of potassium (P for nonlinear &lt;0.001), sodium (P for nonlinear = 0.004), and magnesium (P for nonlinear &lt;0.001) exhibited non-linear relationships with the risk of preterm birth.ConclusionSerum levels of some minerals during pregnancy were associated with the risk of preterm birth among pregnant women. In addition to commonly recognized micronutrients such as folic acid, iron, and vitamin D, healthcare providers should also pay attention to the levels of these minerals during pregnancy.