bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anaerobic digestion of spoiled milk from dairy industry for biogas production – optimization of operating parameters and kinetic modeling of the pilot scale study
Authors: Mutegoa Eric 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Spoiled milk from the dairy industry was subjected to anaerobic treatment to produce biogas at 37℃ in this experiment. Parameters such as inoculum dosage, pH, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), and retention time were optimized in a laboratory-scale batch reactor for 90 days.

Methods
The anaerobic digestion of spoilt milk was carried out in a laboratory setting using a batch reactor. Then, using the recognized protocols of the APHA, the characteristics of the spoilt milk were assessed. In order to enhance the accuracy of predicting the reactor's performance, the research adopted two different models for kinetic analysis: the Stover-Kincannon model and the Grau second-order multi-component model. The reactor's improved performance, as indicated by evaluated kinetic parameters, was shown by the superior results from both of these models.

Results
The results attained from the reactor’s performance were then used as a reference to improve biogas production in a 100 L Anaerobic Sequential Batch Reactor (ASBR) for 45 days. The ASBR achieved a high COD removal efficiency of 92.4% and produced a maximum of 70.4 L of biogas per liter of spoiled milk, equivalent to 69.6% methane content.

Conclusion
The Stover-Kincannon model yielded kinetic parameters of Umax = 0.295 gCOD/L and KB = 12.87 gCOD/L, whereas the Grau second-order model presented kinetic coefficients a = 6.744 and b = 2.578. The results obtained from the two models suggest that the investigated kinetic coefficients could be improved upon to increase the reactor's capability for handling different substrates during the AD process.
Investigating changes in student mental health and help-seeking behaviour after the introduction of new well-being support services at a UK university
Authors: Bennett Jacks , Haworth Claire M. A. , Kidger Judi , Heron Jon , Linton Myles-Jay , Gunnell David 
Published: May 2024

BackgroundGrowing numbers of students now seek mental health support from their higher education providers. In response, a number of universities have invested in non-clinical well-being services, but there have been few evaluations of these. This research addresses a critical gap in the existing literature.AimsThis study examined the impact of introducing non-clinical well-being advisers on student mental health and help-seeking behaviour at a large UK university.MethodSurvey data collected pre–post service introduction in 2018 (n = 5562) and 2019 (n = 2637) measured prevalence of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7), and low mental well-being (Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale), alongside student support-seeking behaviour. Logistic regression models investigated changes in outcome measures. Administrative data (2014–2020) were used to investigate corresponding trends in antidepressant prescribing at the onsite health service, student counselling referrals and course withdrawal rates.ResultsAdjusted models suggested reductions in students’ levels of anxiety (odds ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.77–0.96) and low well-being (odds ratio 0.84, 95% CI 0.75–0.94) in 2019, but not depression symptoms (odds ratio 1.05, 95% CI 0.93–1.17). Statistical evidence showed reduced student counselling referrals, with antidepressant prescribing and course withdrawal rates levelling off. Student perception of the availability and accessibility of university support improved.ConclusionsOur findings suggest a non-clinical well-being service model may improve student perception of support, influence overall levels of anxiety and low well-being, and reduce clinical need. The current study was only able to examine changes over the short term, and a longer follow-up is needed.
Multidisciplinary Management of Skull Metastatic Follicular Thyroid Cancer in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Suga Yisihak , Wondafrash Mulualem , Abebe Metasebia Worku , Eshetu Helagenet 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A 60-year-old woman presented to the Department of Surgery with an anterior neck mass and a mass on her left forehead. She was diagnosed with follicular thyroid cancer with metastasis to the skull, a rare presentation of follicular thyroid cancer that is associated with a poor prognosis. A multidisciplinary team evaluated the patient and devised a 3-staged surgical management plan: total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection, cranial metastasectomy, and cranioplasty with autologous split rib graft. This case illustrates how innovative multidisciplinary surgical management can be applied in a low-resource setting involving 3 surgical sub-specialties for the best possible outcome in a patient with metastatic follicular thyroid cancer.
Novel STAR Gene Variant of Congenital Lipoid Adrenal Hyperplasia With Testicular Adrenal Rests
Authors: Harinarayan Chittari Venkata , Vikram Halkurke Shivashankariah , Tandon Anisha Sawkar , Zacharia Marsha , Roohi Shabnam , Janardhan Raghu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A mutation in the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (STAR) gene, which encodes a protein that plays a crucial role in steroid hormone synthesis, causes a severe form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) known as lipoid CAH (LCAH). LCAH presents with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) as well as atypical genitalia. Individuals with LCAH require adrenal steroid hormone supplements for survival. Masculinization in males with STAR deficiency varies from incomplete to normal virilization. Radiological examinations reveal enlarged and lipid-laden adrenals.
A 10-year-old boy born of second-degree consanguinity presented with weight gain and hyperpigmentation for 1 year. He was diagnosed with PAI at age 7 months and treated with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone. Dynamic adrenal gland testing revealed undetectable hormone reserves. Imaging detected hypoplastic adrenals and a small testis with testicular adrenal rests (TART). Genetic analysis indicated a novel homozygous pathogenic variant of STAR in exon 7, c.814C &gt; G(pArg272Gly) associated with LCAH (OMIM No. 201710). Testing revealed that asymptomatic family members and relatives were heterozygotes for the variant. The patient was diagnosed with nonclassic LCAH with hypoplastic adrenals and TART. Adequate hormone supplementation resulted in TART regression. This genetic variation is reported for the first time.
Long-Term Outcomes of Orthotopic Neobladder Versus Ileal Conduit Urinary Diversion in Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy (RARC): Multicenter Results from the Asian RARC Consortium
Authors: Wong Chris Ho-ming , Ko Ivan Ching-ho , Kang Seok Ho , Kitamura Kousuke , Horie Shigeo , Muto Satoru , Ohyama Chikara , Hatakeyama Shingo , Patel Manish , Yang Cheung-Kuang , Kijvikai Kittinut , Youl Lee Ji , Chen Hai-ge , Zhang Rui-yun , Lin Tian-xin , Lee Lui Shiong , Teoh Jeremy Yuen-chun , Chan Eddie 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) has gained traction in the management of muscle invasive bladder cancer. Urinary diversion for RARC was achieved with orthotopic neobladder and ileal conduit. Evidence on the optimal method of urinary diversion was limited. Long-term outcomes were not reported before. This study was designed to compare the perioperative and oncological outcomes of ileal conduit versus orthotopic neobladder cases of nonmetastatic bladder cancer treated with RARC.

Patients and Methods
The Asian RARC consortium was a multicenter registry involving nine Asian centers. Consecutive patients receiving RARC were included. Cases were divided into the ileal conduit and neobladder groups. Background characteristics, operative details, perioperative outcomes, recurrence information, and survival outcomes were reviewed and compared. Primary outcomes include disease-free and overall survival. Secondary outcomes were perioperative results. Multivariate regression analyses were performed.

Results
From 2007 to 2020, 521 patients who underwent radical cystectomy were analyzed. Overall, 314 (60.3%) had ileal conduit and 207 (39.7%) had neobladder. The use of neobladder was found to be protective in terms of disease-free survival [Hazard ratio (HR) = 0.870, p = 0.037] and overall survival (HR = 0.670, p = 0.044) compared with ileal conduit. The difference became statistically nonsignificant after being adjusted in multivariate cox-regression analysis. Moreover, neobladder reconstruction was not associated with increased blood loss, nor additional risk of major complications.

Conclusions
Orthotopic neobladder urinary diversion is not inferior to ileal conduit in terms of perioperative safety profile and long-term oncological outcomes. Further prospective studies are warranted for further investigation.
A Comparison of Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Findings in Benign Versus Malignant Adrenal Tumors
Authors: Bletsis Panagiotis , Akgun Ege , Romero-Velez Gustavo , La Riva Anibal , Berber Eren 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
Many adrenal tumors are deemed radiologically indeterminate and surgically removed. Adrenal tissue, like parathyroid glands, exhibits near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) properties. This study was designed to investigate the potential of NIRAF to differentiate benign versus malignant adrenal tumors.

Methods
Patients undergoing adrenalectomy between October 2021 and May 2023 were prospectively studied. Adrenalectomy specimens were inspected with NIRAF imaging. Specimen autofluorescence (AF) characteristics were recorded. Comparisons were made between different tumor types and a logistic regression model was constructed to differentiate benign versus malignant tumors. A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to identify an optimal AF threshold differentiating benign versus malignant tumors.

Results
A total of 108 adrenal specimens were examined: adrenocortical adenomas/other benign lesions (n = 72), pheochromocytomas (n = 18), adrenocortical neoplasms of uncertain behavior (n = 4), and malignant tumors (n = 14). A significant difference in normalized AF intensity was identified when comparing adrenocortical adenomas (3.08 times background) with pheochromocytomas (1.95, p = 0.001) and malignant tumors (1.11, p < 0.0001). The Area Under the Curve differentiating benign vs malignant tumors was 0.87, with an optimal normalized AF threshold at 1.93.

Conclusions
Different adrenal pathologies exhibit diverse AF properties. These findings suggest a potential intraoperative utility of NIRAF in predicting benign versus malignant nature for radiologically indeterminate adrenal tumors.
O ESTÁGIO DE DOCÊNCIA NO CURSO DE DOUTORADO EM EDUCAÇÃO DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE COMUNITÁRIA NO NORTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Rizzarda Angélica Dalla , Battisti Sabrina , Teixeira Adriano Canabarro 
Published: May 2024

O processo formativo de educadores se faz extremamente necessário e contínuo. Ministrar aulas e formar sujeitos, requer um amplo e capacitado repertório e conhecimento sobre o assunto que será abordado, pautado em um compromisso profissional com a sociedade. O objetivo principal deste trabalho, é relatar e refletir sobre a importância do estágio de docência no processo formativo do curso de Doutorado em Educação. A metodologia empregada foi a revisão bibliográfica, com base nos estudos dos autores Freire (2014), Nóvoa (1985), Dewey (1976), Lévy (1999) e Anderson (2012), além da intervenção-ação da pesquisadora e doutoranda no campo de atuação. Ao final do estágio de docência, observa-se que a atualização profissional e o uso de metodologias ativas, tornam-se cada vez mais necessárias e emergentes na sociedade do século XXI.
PROMOVENDO A FORMAÇÃO CONTÍNUA DE PROFESSORES DAS ESCOLAS COMUNITÁRIAS EM ANGOLA: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DE ELEARNING
Authors: Vieira Teresa , Amante Lúcia 
Published: May 2024

Partindo do diagnóstico de necessidades de formação contínua dos professores das Escolas Comunitárias de Luanda, a presente investigação visou desenvolver e proporcionar um curso na modalidade eLearning, bem como estudar o impacto e as potencialidades desta formação específica no contexto em causa. Estes professores desenvolvem a sua atividade docente em escolas carenciadas de bairros situados na periferia da capital de Angola. No enquadramento do estudo abordamos as alterações provocadas pela sociedade em rede no paradigma educacional, designadamente a emergência da formação na modalidade eLearning e realizamos ainda a contextualização da intervenção, dando conta da Associação dos Professores Comunitários e do seu papel no âmbito do sistema educativo de Angola. No plano metodológico, foram seguidas as etapas de conceção e desenvolvimento de projetos educacionais. Adotámos instrumentos de natureza qualitativa designadamente a entrevista, na fase de diagnóstico, associada a um questionário. Na fase de avaliação além de observação participante durante a implementação do projeto, concebemos também um questionário que aplicámos ao conjunto dos formandos no final da formação. Apresentamos a implementação do curso e damos conta dos resultados da sua avaliação, assinalando algumas condicionantes que influenciaram o seu nível de sucesso. Discutimos a possível contribuição da pedagogia do eLearning, em consonância com objetivo principal do presente projeto, identificando constrangimentos bem como pontos fortes. Concluímos que o curso delineado despertou o interesse e a motivação do público-alvo, contribuiu para o aperfeiçoamento de práticas, bem como alcançou o reconhecimento dos participantes, evidenciando, contudo, certas limitações. Assim, com base na análise realizada damos conta de reajustamentos no modelo de curso com vista a uma maior eficácia em contextos como o que estudámos, designadamente apontando para uma opção híbrida, que conjugue momentos presenciais e períodos de trabalho on-line. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ELearning, Formação de professores, Literacia digital, Escolas Comunitárias de Luanda.
Amino acid profile and chemical characteristics by-product process wet rendering of fish lele (Clarias Sp.) and tuna (Euthynnus Spp.)
Authors: Gobel Minarny , Nilawati Jusri , Wiryanti Prisma , Hermawan Roni , Musbah Muhamad 
Published: May 2024

This study was conducted to determine the amino acids profile and chemicals content (moisture content, protein, and fat) catfish and tuna products. Wet rendering process, each sample is steamed at 1500C for 30 minutes, after the sample is pressed with the aim of removing fluid from the fish's body. The liquid is centrifuged to separate the layers of oil and air. After obtaining fish oil, the byproducts are liquid / broth and solids (fish dregs). The byproducts (fish pulp and broth) were analyzed for amino acid profiles using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) (AOAC, 2005) Chemical characteristics (air content, protein, fat) were analyzed using the AOAC (2005). The results showed that glutamic acid was higher in tuna pulp which was 11.83% and catfish 8.85%, while tuna broth contained amino acid histidine which was quite high at 10.49%, and 11.53% glycine in fish broth catfish. Furthermore, the levels of pulp and fish stock are 12.63% and 78.28% respectively, catfish 11.58%; and 83.45%. The fat content of catfish is higher that is 1.84% and 3.26% compared to tuna which is 1.57% and 2.74% tuna protein is 81.16% higher than catfish which is 75.46%, but the protein content of tuna broth is 56.84% lower than that of catfish broth which is 69.16%.Keywords: amino acid profiletuna fishcatfishwet renderingby-product
Seagrass growth at different turbidity levels
Authors: Lisdayanti Eka , Rappe Rohani Ambo , Asriani Nenni , Handayani Nur Tri , Limbong Steven Rante 
Published: May 2024

Seagrass beds are highly productive ecosystems and have ecosystem services in the coastal zone but are continuously declining globally. Mainly due to anthropogenic activities that reduce the amount of light entering the waters and reaching seagrasses, such as dredging, reclamation, sedimentation, and eutrophication. This research was conducted to determine the relationship between turbidity level and seagrass composition and morphology. The observations were conducted in November 2016 in Pangkep district on Sagara Island and Makassar City on Barrang Lompo and Lae-lae Island, South Sulawesi Province. The observation stations are determined based on the level of turbidity conditions. Sagara Island, Barrang Lompo, and Lae-lae are areas that are considered to represent turbid waters, by laying a line transect (roll meter) perpendicular to the coast and doing it 3 times. The data collected in this study related to seagrass conditions such as seagrass composition and seagrass morphometrics. Variables observed in seagrass leaf morphometric observations were leaf surface area and leaf width, leaf thickness, and distance between internodes. In addition, other data collected is environmental parameter data, such as currents, TSS, PAR, temperature, and salinity. One-way ANOVA analysis showed that there was a difference in turbidity levels between Barrang Lompo Island, Sagara Island, and Lae-lae Island with a significance value of 0.000. The types of seagrasses found on Barrang Lompo with light availability of 1735.23 µmol/m²/s are Enhalus acoroides, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis, Halophila ovalis, Thalassia hemprichii. On P. Sagara with light availability of 170.01 µmol/m²/s, E. acoroides, T. hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, H. uninervis, and H. ovalis were found. Whereas in P. Lae-lae only E. acoroides was found. The results showed that the level of turbidity has an influence on seagrass morphometrics, namely leaf ratio and leaf thickness of E. acoroides species, and internode distance in H. uninervis species. Keywords:Availability of lightMorphometricsPARSeagrass bedsTurbidity
Religionsunterricht und Ideologiekritik. Zur Dekonstruktion von Verschwörungserzählungen
Authors: Krahn Annika 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The author distinguishes conspiracy narratives from conspiracy myths or from a conspiracy ideology and decodes possible rhetorical devices of conspiracy narratives. These narratives assume that certain individuals or groups of people influence important events or crises in the world and thus deliberately harm the population, but at the same time keep them in the dark about their goals. Consequently, most conspiracy narratives are basically anti- Semitic, as Jews are usually marginalized in reality, but are portrayed as an allegedly powerful group in conspiracy narratives. This article aims to explain the extent to which religious education in public schools should address and deal with conspiracies and why it is important to do so. As a subject of conviction, religious education in particular is able to critically examine convictions and ideologies, i. e. as a conviction itself. Concrete points of contact with content areas from the core curriculum for secondary school in North Rhine-Westphalia close the consideration.
Das Zertifikat Antisemitismuskritische Bildung in Unterricht und Schule (ZABUS). Einblicke in Forschung und Lehre eines Zusatzstudienganges als Prototyp der universitären antisemitismuskritischen Bildung
Authors: Nord Ilona , Petzke Judith 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The article presents basic information and research concerns within the additional study programme Critical Education on Antisemitism for Teaching (ZABUS), which is located at the University of Würzburg/Germany. Initial results are presented on the basis of evaluations and questionnaires of religious education students. The authors provide an insight into the horizon of the three-semester degree programme. They argue for an iterative educational design that interlinks research on antisemitism and teaching and brings together its specific nature with the ressources of the teaching profession.
Do We Learn Anything from Kirshner?
Authors: Krasner Stephen D. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Kirshner may be right that domestic politics does matter, but he does not tell us how to understand domestic politics. How are we, for instance, to understand domestic cohesion? How are we to understand national purpose? More important, what is the impact of nuclear weapons? Do these weapons obliterate all past information about power? Are nuclear weapons all that matter? Is it possible to fight a limited nuclear war? Is North Korea as strong as the United States? Such questions have been around since the 1950s. Kirshner does not help us to answer them.
The Weight of History After October 7 and the Gaza War: Shaping a New Future
Authors: Strawson John 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The trauma of the October 7 massacre for Israelis and the catastrophe that Gazans have experienced in the subsequent war mark a new stage in the Palestinian–Israeli conflict. While October 7 and indeed the Israeli response are exceptional, we cannot overcome their consequences without addressing the root of the conflict. Calls for an immediate ceasefire are understandable but fall into the trap of seeing the solution as being a military decision. This echoes to the attitude of the current Israeli government which poses the response to October 7 as a military one. A new international political initiative is required to change the atmosphere by setting the goal of resolving the conflict on the basis of self-determination for both Israelis and Palestinians. That needs to inform the approach we adopt to ending the current conflict by replacing Hamas and Israel in Gaza with an international security mechanism.
Applying the Milan models to setting analytical performance specifications – considering all the information
Authors: Jones Graham R.D. , Bell Katy J.L. , Ceriotti Ferruccio , Loh Tze Ping , Lord Sally , Sandberg Sverre , Smith Alison F. , Horvath Andrea Rita 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Analytical performance specifications (APS) are used for decisions about the required analytical quality of pathology tests to meet clinical needs. The Milan models, based on clinical outcome, biological variation, or state of the art, were developed to provide a framework for setting APS. An approach has been proposed to assign each measurand to one of the models based on a defined clinical use, physiological control, or an absence of quality information about these factors. In this paper we propose that in addition to such assignment, available information from all models should be considered using a risk-based approach that considers the purpose and role of the actual test in a clinical pathway and its impact on medical decisions and clinical outcomes in addition to biological variation and the state-of-the-art. Consideration of APS already in use and the use of results in calculations may also need to be considered to determine the most appropriate APS for use in a specific setting.