bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aquaporin‐4 Mz isoform: Brain expression, supramolecular assembly and neuromyelitis optica antibody binding
Authors: Rossi Andrea , Crane Jonathan M. , Verkman A. S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWater channel aquaporin‐4 (AQP4) is expressed in astrocytes throughout brain and spinal cord. Two major AQP4 isoforms are expressed, M1 and M23, having different translation initiation sites. A longer isoform (Mz) has been reported in rat with translation initiation 126‐bp upstream from that of M1. By immunoblot analysis of SDS and native gels probed with a C‐terminus anti‐AQP4 antibody, Mz was detected in rat brain as a distinct band of size ∼39 kDa. Mz was absent in human and mouse brain because of in‐frame stop codons. The ability of rat Mz to form orthogonal arrays of particles (OAPs) was investigated by single particle tracking and native gel electrophoresis. We found that Mz, like M1, diffused rapidly in the cell plasma membrane and did not form OAPs. However, when co‐expressed with M23, Mz associated in OAPs by forming heterotetramers with M23. Unexpectedly, Mz‐expressing cells bound neuromyelitis optica autoantibodies (NMO‐IgG) poorly, <5‐fold compared with M1‐expressing cells. Truncation analysis suggested that the poor NMO‐IgG binding to Mz involves residues 31–41 upstream of Met‐1. We conclude that Mz AQP4 is (a) present at low level in rat but not human or mouse brain, (b) unable to form OAPs on its own but able to associate with M23 AQP4 in heterotetramers, and (c) largely unable to bind NMO‐IgG because of N‐terminus effects on the structure of the AQP4/NMO‐IgG binding site. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Unraveling moonlighting functions with yeasts
Authors: Flores Carmen‐Lisset , Gancedo Carlos 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis review considers the use of yeasts to study protein moonlighting functions. The cases discussed highlight the possibilities offered by the well‐developed yeast genetics for the study of moonlighting mechanisms. The possibility to generate sets of mutants encoding different protein variants has allowed in some cases to map the regions that participate in the moonlighting function. We discuss cases of enzymes that moonlight in such different activities as control of transcription, assembly of multimeric proteins, stabilization of mitochondrial DNA or biosynthesis of CoA. The moonlighting role of an enzyme and its metabolic function seems to have evolved independently as indicated by the finding that a protein may moonlight in a yeast species but not in others. Yeasts may open ways to study possible evolutionary relationships among moonlighting proteins. © 2011 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 2011
Osteology and cranial musculature of Caiman latirostris (crocodylia: Alligatoridae)
Authors: Bona Paula , Desojo Julia Brenda 
Published: April 2011

AbstractCaiman latirostris Daudin is one of the extant species of Caimaninae alligatorids characterized taxonomically only by external morphological features. In the present contribution, we describe the cranial osteology and myology of this species and its morphological variation. Several skull dissections and comparisons with other caimans were made. Although jaw muscles of living crocodiles show the same general “Bauplan” and alligatorids seem to have a similar cranial musculature pattern, we describe some morphological variations (e.g., in C. latirostris the superficial portion of the M. adductor mandibulae externus did not reach the postorbital; the M. adductor mandibulae internus pars pterygoideus dorsalis did not reach the pterygoid and lacrimal and contrary to the case of C. crocodilus the M. adductor mandibulae internus pars pterygoideus ventralis attaches to the posterodorsal surface of the pterygoid and the pterygoid aponeurosis, without contacting the dorsal and ventral surface of the pterygoid margin; the M. intermandibularis is attached to the anterior half of the splenial and posteriorly inserts medially by a medial raphe that serves as attachment zone for M. constrictor colli, and the M. constrictor colli profundus presents a medial notch in its anterior margin). In addition, the skull of C. latirostris differs from that of other caimans and possesses several characters that are potential diagnostic features of this species (e.g., outline of glenoid cavity in dorsal view, extension of the rostral ridges, and occlusion of the first dentary tooth). Nevertheless, these characters should be analyzed within the phylogenetic context of the Caimaninae to evaluate its evolutionary implications for the history of the group. J. Morphol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterization of Polydimethylsiloxane‐block‐polystyrene (PDMS‐b‐PS) Copolymers by Liquid Chromatography at Critical Conditions
Authors: Malik Muhammad Imran , Sinha Pritish , Bayley Gareth M. , Mallon Peter E. , Pasch Harald 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this study, liquid chromatography at critical conditions (LCCC) is used to determine the block lengths and molar masses of polydimethylsiloxane‐block‐polystyrene copolymers synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) techniques. In addition, the analysis allows for the determination of the presence of homopolymers in the samples. LCCC at the critical point of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on a reversed phase column allows for the determination of PDMS homopolymer and the length of the polystyrene (PS) block in the block copolymer which elutes in the size exclusion chromatography (SEC) regime under these conditions. The PDMS block length and PS homopolymer can be obtained under normal phase conditions. The results of LCCC are compared with data from conventional SEC.
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Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Alternating Conjugated Polymers Derived from Indeno[1,2‐b]fluorene and Bithiophene or Thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐Cored Benzothiadiazole
Authors: Xia Yangjun , He Zhicai , Tong Junfeng , Li Bin , Wang Chenglong , Cao Yong , Wu Hongbin , Woo Han Young , Fan Duowang 
Published: April 2011

AbstractTwo narrow bandgap copolymers derived from 6,6′,12,12′‐tetraoctyl‐indeno[1,2‐b]fluorene and bithiophene or thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene‐cored benzothiadiazole are synthesized and characterized. The copolymers show broad absorption in the range 350–700 nm. The application of the copolymers as photovoltaic cells with configurations ITO/PEDOT:PSS/blend/Al and ITO/PEDOT:PSS/blend/interlayer/Al is investigated. A power conversion efficiency (PCE) of approximately 3.0% is achieved under an AM 1.5G solar simulator (80 mW cm−2) for the cells with ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymer:PC71BM([6,6]‐phenyl‐C71 butyric acid methyl ester) (1:4)/interlayer/Al.
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Temporal and differential stabilizability and detectability of piecewise constant rank systems
Authors: Van Willigenburg L. Gerard , De Koning Willem L. 
Published: April 2011

SUMMARYIn a past note we drew attention to the fact that time‐varying continuous‐time linear systems may be temporarily uncontrollable and unreconstructable and that this is vital knowledge to both control engineers and system scientists. Describing and detecting the temporal loss of controllability and reconstructability require considering piecewise constant rank (PCR) systems and the differential Kalman decomposition. In this note for conventional as well as PCR systems measures of temporal and differential stabilizability and detectability are developed. These measures indicate to what extent the temporal loss of controllability and reconstructability may lead to temporal instability of the closed‐loop system when designing a static state or dynamic output feedback controller. It is indicated how to compute the measures from the system matrices. The importance of our developments for control system design is illustrated through three numerical examples concerning LQ and LQG perturbation feedback control of a non‐linear system about an optimal control and state trajectory. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sierpin´ski fractal plasmonic nanoantennas
Authors: Rosa Lorenzo , Sun Kai , Juodkazis Saulius 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe propose plasmonic Sierpiński gasket, a self‐replicating fractal, with structural elements spanning from ∼100 nm to ∼5 µm made by standard electron beam lithography (EBL), metal deposition, and lift‐off sequence. Such structures demonstrate light field enhancement from visible to far‐IR spectral range and can be scaled up towards THz band. Numerical simulations show that as the fractal order is increased, the optical extinction band broadens from the visible light towards far‐IR, achieving a light field enhancement of more than four orders of magnitude in the nano‐gap proximity. Such antennas are prospective for IR–THz filter, detection, and emission applications.magnified imageFundamental mode simulation of Sierpiński fourth‐order fractal gold nanoantenna with 10 nm nano‐gap, made by EBL and lift‐off.(© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Development and Application of Magnetic Segregation Feeder in Sintering Machine
Authors: He Jicheng , Hu Ziguo , Zhang Yongjie , Wang En‐gang 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe size segregation of sintering materials in a chute flow is utilized to prepare well‐bedded feedstock for sintering quality improving, and magnets are installed below the chute to enhance size segregation. By the braking role of magnetic force, the particles of different sizes which poured down to sloping chute are separated:the coarse particles drop to the far‐side of the sloping chute and the fine particles drop near the sloping chute. As the sintering pallet is continuously moving, the coarse particles are distributed into the lower portions and the fine particles are aggregated on the top of the layer..By using the non‐contacting magnetic force,the technique of magnetic segregation feeding overcomes a series of defects such as adhering and wearing in the existing segregation feeding devices. and the device is characterized by simple structure, easy operation, no need of energy,and safety, etc. Discrete element method (DEM) simulations are carried out to explore the optimal arrangement of the magnets.The simulations show that proper magnetic field can significantly enhance the segregation,and the simulation results are in good agreement with the experiments and industrial systems designed with consultation to the results.Depend on those,the technique of magnetic segregation feeding have been developed and applied in the three sintering line of Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd..The results of industrial application show that the distributions of particles, carbon and FeO in sintering layer have been remarkably improved. In guaranteeing to the quality of sintering ore materials, the productivity of sintering strand raised 2.1% and the fuel ratio decreased 1.7%.
Pb(ReO4)2(C2H6O2)1.5: A New Contribution to the Crystal Chemistry of Perrhenates
Authors: Mujica Carlos , Prado Marcia , Cardoso‐Gil Raúl 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe title compound Pb(ReO4)2(C2H6O2)1.5 was prepared by recrystallization of the anhydrous lead perrhenate in ethane‐1,2‐diol (ethylene glycol). The colorless compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/n (No. 14) with four formula units per unit cell a = 12.668(1) Å, b = 7.572(1) Å, c = 13.263(1) Å, β = 110.216(3)°. The lead ion is nine fold coordinated in a spatial arrangement described as a capped cubic antiprism. The coordination polyhedra are interconnected by [ReO4] units, building a two dimensional framework, which are bridged by ethylene glycol molecules generating a tridimensional network. The compound loses the ethane‐1,2‐diol molecules in two steps at temperatures below 450 K and decomposes at 800 K.
Dilated cardiomyopathy in a case of Shwachman–Diamond syndrome
Authors: Kopel Liliane , Gutierrez Paulo S. , Lage Silvia G. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe Shwachman–Diamond syndrome is an autosomal recessive bone marrow failure syndrome with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Additional organ systems, such as the liver, heart and bone, may also be affected. We report a patient with a long history of cardiac failure and diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy with intermittent neutropenia. Periodic follow-up revealed progressive cardiac failure and pulmonary hypertension. A diagnosis of Shwachman–Diamond syndrome was made at the autopsy.
The Quiet Revolution of a B Natural: Prokofiev's ‘New Simplicity’ in the Second Violin Concerto
Authors: RIFKIN DEBORAH 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThis essay explores changes in Prokofiev's compositional style that occurred in the mid-1930s, around the time that he was making his decision to return to his homeland. In his diary Prokofiev wrote about a desire for a ‘new simplicity’, a style that featured simple melodies and comprehensible form. Compared to the avant-garde aspirations of his earlier works, his ‘new simplicity’ features a self-conscious return to Classical precedents. Prokofiev believed his new lyricism would be a uniquely modern yet accessible music for the Soviet people. Many of his most popular works, includingLieutenant Kijé(1933),Romeo and Juliet(1935–6), andPeter and the Wolf(1936), are written in the style associated with this ‘new simplicity’. The style is distinctive because of its sudden and markedly trangressive chromatic swerves to distant harmonic areas. By invoking and then thwarting tonal conventions, Prokofiev creates a compelling tension between Classicism and modernism. This essay presents the first movement of his Violin Concerto no. 2 (1935) as an exemplar of his ‘new simplicity’. The fractured musical surface is interpreted as a musical narrative, as an ironic satire of sonata form.
The Enchantress and Problems of Pacing in the Operas of Tchaikovsky: An Informal Interview with David Lloyd-Jones
Authors: Seibert Donald C. 
Published: April 2011

In June and July of 2004, Grange Park Opera gave the first professional stage performances in the United Kingdom of Tchaikovsky's The Enchantress (Charodeyka). David Lloyd-Jones conducted and was responsible for the performing version. The following article is based on an interview with him taped between the sixth and seventh performances.A retired Syracuse University music librarian, is the author of two published Tchaikovky studies: ‘The Tchaikovsky Fifth: a symphony without a programme’ (1991) and, in collaboration with Mark Elder, ‘The Dramaturgy of Tchaikovsky's Mazeppa’ (1988). He was for many years a contributor of record reviews and interviews to Fanfare magazine.
Coordinated Gene Networks Regulating Arabidopsis Plant Metabolism in Response to Various Stresses and Nutritional Cues
Authors: Less Hadar , Angelovici Ruthie , Tzin Vered , Galili Gad 
Published: April 2011

Abstract
The expression pattern of any pair of genes may be negatively correlated, positively correlated, or not correlated at all in response to different stresses and even different progression stages of the stress. This makes it difficult to identify such relationships by classical statistical tools such as the Pearson correlation coefficient. Hence, dedicated bioinformatics approaches that are able to identify groups of cues in which there is a positive or negative expression correlation between pairs or groups of genes are called for. We herein introduce and discuss a bioinformatics approach, termed Gene Coordination, that is devoted to the identification of specific or multiple cues in which there is a positive or negative coordination between pairs of genes and can further incorporate additional coordinated genes to form large coordinated gene networks. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by providing a case study in which we were able to discover distinct expression behavior of the energy-associated gene network in response to distinct biotic and abiotic stresses. This bioinformatics approach is suitable to a broad range of studies that compare treatments versus controls, such as effects of various cues, or expression changes between a mutant and the control wild-type genotype.
Population dynamics of Walia ibex (Capra walie) at Simien Mountains National Park, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemayehu Kefyalew , Dessie Tadelle , Gizaw Solomon , Haile Aynalem , Mekasha Yoseph 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIntensive total direct counts of Walia ibex (Capra walie) population were performed at Simien Mountains National Park (SMNP) in 2009. Historical data were collected from SMNP and literature reviews. Different models were suited to determine population growth rates and intrinsic rate of increase. The population size estimated was 745 animals. The correlation between the two repeated counts was significant (r = 0.99 and P < 0.01). Mean instantaneous growth rate (r), growth rate per capita (λ) and population annual growth rate (Λ) were 2.6 ± 2.6, 0.03 ± 0.18 and 19.5 ± 50.4, respectively. Instantaneous growth rate and growth rate per capita were positively correlated (r = 0.958, P < 0.01). Average growth rate (rΛ) and intrinsic rate of increase (rr) under ideal (r = 0.950, P < 0.01) and random environments (r = 0.810, P < 0.01) were positively correlated. The population grows by 2.5% under ideal environments with an intrinsic increase of 0.04 (0.006%) and by 0.13% under random environments with intrinsic rate of decrease of −0.184 or −0.025% per year, respectively. The mean rank of the flock structure of whole population was 3.13, 3.88, 2.00 and 1.00 for males, females, juveniles and unidentified, respectively.
Study on rapid quantitative detection of total bacterial counts by the ATP‐bioluminescence and application in probiotic products
Authors: Wu Huiqing , Wu Qingping , Zhang Jumei , Li Chengsi , Huang Ziguang 
Published: April 2011

SummaryThe objective of this study was to develop a rapid quantitative detection method by triphosphate (ATP)‐bioluminescence and determine the feasibility to assay total bacterial counts (TBC) in probiotic products. A useful pretreatment technique to eliminate the interference to the ATP‐bioluminescence method was developed, resulting in a 10–100‐fold improvement in the rapid quantitative detection method by ATP‐bioluminescence. The TBC obtained by the ATP‐bioluminescence rapid detection method was tested against the direct microscopic count method or the plate count method and validated on three ATP Assay Systems. The results generated by the ATP methods and the plate count method were comparable to each other when the interference due to non‐microbial cell ATP and matter such as pigment were removed. This study reports the optimisation of an ATP‐bioluminescence assay using a pretreatment technique to eliminate interference in order to quickly determine the viable counts of bacteria in solid and liquid probiotic products.
Host‐Plant Choice Behavior at Multiple Life‐Cycle Stages: The Roles of Mobility and Early Growth in Decision‐Making
Authors: Bar‐Yam Shlomiya , Morse Douglass H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe choice of food plants often assumes critical importance for a herbivore. Although many studies have investigated host‐plant choice behavior, few have examined preferences (vs. growth and survival) at multiple stages of the life cycle, notwithstanding the importance of identifying the critical stage(s) in an animal’s life history. Fern moths Herpetogramma theseusalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) provide an excellent opportunity to test host‐plant choice at several stages. Fern moth larvae feed on distantly related ferns, sensitive Onoclea sensibilis and marsh fern Thelypteris palustris, and adults oviposit on both species. We examined newly hatched larvae, overwintered larvae and ovipositing females to test hypotheses predicting when host‐plant choice takes place (overwintering and mobility hypotheses: overwintering stage determines choice of substrate vs. most mobile stage chooses) and the basis for choice (optimal oviposition and enemy‐free space hypotheses: resource producing highest fecundity vs. lowest losses to enemies). We also evaluated the hypothesis that host‐associated fitness trade‐offs explain host specialization. Only ovipositing females, the most mobile stage, exhibited a clear preference (for marsh fern), consistent with the mobility hypothesis. However, their preference for marsh fern fits neither the optimal oviposition hypothesis nor the enemy‐free space hypothesis; although some larvae initially grew faster on marsh fern, adults reared from the two ferns did not differ significantly in mass and experienced marginally lower parasitism on sensitive fern. Thus, we found no host‐associated fitness trade‐offs. Overwintering losses in marsh fern plots exceeded those in sensitive fern, and mixed plots supported the most overwintered larvae. Preference for marsh fern suggests that early success drives host‐plant choice, an advantage that later disappears. Temporal variability may prevent closer fits to the hypotheses, because both ferns provide the moths with acceptable resources throughout their life cycles.
Combination of a liquid fibrin sealant with sheet‐type hemostatic agents: Experimental evaluation in partial nephrectomy animal model
Authors: Ishii Keiichi , Kawashima Hidenori , Hayama Takuma , Asai Tosihiro , Kamikawa Sadanori , Sakamoto Wataru , Miyabashira Sumika , Oka Shiro , Sugimoto Toshikado 
Published: April 2011

AbstractLiquid fibrin sealants, together with sheet‐type hemostatic agents, have been used during partial nephrectomies to secure effective hemostasis at the suture site. Using animal kidneys, we investigated which hemostatic agent might adhere most effectively to the renal tissue and serve best as a bolster. Liquid fibrin sealant alone, or in combination with a sheet‐type hemostat, such as collagen, gelatin or oxidized‐cellulose hemostat, was applied to the cut surface of the kidney of anesthetized rabbits, and the differences in the degree of adherence to the kidney and resultant hemostatic efficacy were evaluated. Histological analyses were also carried out to compare the degree of adherence of each of the aforementioned hemostats to the kidney tissue. Fibrin sealant plus the collagen or gelatin hemostat was found to have a stronger hemostatic effect than fibrin sealant applied alone or fibrin sealant plus oxidized‐cellulose hemostat. The histological investigation showed that the fibrin sealant adhered well to kidney tissue when it was applied with the collagen or gelatin hemostat, showing the advantage of combining these two materials for achieving effective hemostasis. Fibrin sealant used in combination with the collagen or gelatin hemostat was the most suitable for obtaining a reinforced hemostatic effect at the suture site in a partial nephrectomy animal model.