bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing U.S. women’s interest and preferences for breast cancer risk communication: a cross-sectional study from a large tertiary care breast imaging center
Authors: Austin Jessica D. , James Emily , Perez Rachel L , Mazza Gina L. , Kling Juliana M. , Fraker Jessica , Mina Lida , Banerjee Imon , Sharpe Richard , Patel Bhavika K. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Breast imaging clinics in the United States (U.S.) are increasingly implementing breast cancer risk assessment (BCRA) to align with evolving guideline recommendations but with limited uptake of risk-reduction care. Effectively communicating risk information to women is central to implementation efforts, but remains understudied in the U.S. This study aims to characterize, and identify factors associated with women’s interest in and preferences for breast cancer risk communication.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional survey study of U.S. women presenting for a mammogram between January and March of 2021 at a large, tertiary breast imaging clinic. Survey items assessed women’s interest in knowing their risk and preferences for risk communication if considered to be at high risk in hypothetical situations. Multivariable logistic regression modeling assessed factors associated with women’s interest in knowing their personal risk and preferences for details around exact risk estimates.

Results
Among 1119 women, 72.7% were interested in knowing their breast cancer risk. If at high risk, 77% preferred to receive their exact risk estimate and preferred verbal (52.9% phone/47% in-person) vs. written (26.5% online/19.5% letter) communications. Adjusted regression analyses found that those with a primary family history of breast cancer were significantly more interested in knowing their risk (OR 1.5, 95% CI 1.0, 2.1, p = 0.04), while those categorized as “more than one race or other” were significantly less interested in knowing their risk (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.2, 0.9, p = 0.02). Women 60 + years of age were significantly less likely to prefer exact estimates of their risk (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5, 0.98, p < 0.01), while women with greater than a high school education were significantly more likely to prefer exact risk estimates (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.5, 4.2, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
U.S. women in this study expressed strong interest in knowing their risk and preferred to receive exact risk estimates verbally if found to be at high risk. Sociodemographic and family history influenced women’s interest and preferences for risk communication. Breast imaging centers implementing risk assessment should consider strategies tailored to women’s preferences to increase interest in risk estimates and improve risk communication.
Comparison of premenstrual symptoms, psychological well-being, and nutritional status between Palestinian women with and without polycystic ovarian syndrome: a case-control study
Authors: Almahareeq Marwa , Hamdan May , Vanoh Divya , Shawarb Nuha , Herbawi Jana , Shawar Eman , Al-wohoush Raneen , Mohtaseb Manar , Badrasawi Manal 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a widely seen reproductive and endocrinological disorder. PCOS can exert substantial effects on many aspects of an individual’s life, including reproductive health and psychological well-being. The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status, premenstrual syndrome, and mental health of women affected by PCOS in comparison to women without PCOS.

Methodology
A case-control observational study in Palestine included 100 PCOS patients and 200 healthy women. The collected data included socio-demographic information, medical history, premenstrual syndrome, mental health, nutritional status, and lifestyle. Anthropometric measurement and the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) were used to evaluate the nutritional status. The General Health Questionnaire (12-GHQ) was used to evaluate the state of mental health. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) severity was evaluated using a validated Arabic premenstrual syndrome questionnaire.

Results
The study’s findings indicated that there was a statistically significant increase in the three dimensions of PMS among participants with PCOS, p < 0.05. Similarly, PCOS patients demonstrated elevated ratings across all aspects of mental health, p < 0.05. In terms of the other variables, it has been observed that PCOS patients have a notably greater prevalence of perceived sleep disturbances and decreased adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Regression analysis revealed that PCOS is associated with mental health problems indicated by a higher GHQ score (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.03; 1.16, p < 0.05), lower adherence to the MD diet (OR: 0.86; 95% CI: 0.76; 0.98, p < 0.05), and pre-menstrual syndrome, especially the physical symptoms (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.003; 1.12, p < 0.05) after adjusting for age, smoking, waist-hip ratio, and body mass index (BMI).

Conclusion
The study has linked polycystic ovary syndrome to negative mental health outcomes and an increased severity of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Additional investigation is required in order to establish a causal association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and lifestyle behaviors within the Palestinian population. Intervention and instructional studies are necessary to investigate the efficacy of management strategies in alleviating the effects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) on both physical and mental well-being.
Accuracy assessment of patient safety incident (PSI) codes and present-on-admission (POA) indicators: a cross-sectional analysis using the Patient Safety Incidents Inquiry (PSII) in Korea
Authors: Pyo Jeehee , Choi Eun Young , Jang Seung Gyeong , Lee Won , Ock Minsu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Among the various methods used, administrative data collected for claims and billing purposes, such as diagnosis codes and present-on-admission (POA) indicators, can easily be employed to assess patient safety status. However, it is crucial that administrative data be accurate to generate valid estimates of adverse event (AE) occurrence. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the accuracy of diagnosis codes and POA indicators in patients with confirmed AEs in the hospital admission setting.

Methods
We analysed the diagnosis codes of 1,032 confirmed AE cases and 6,754 non-AE cases from the 2019 Patient Safety Incidents Inquiry, which was designed as a cross-sectional study, to determine their alignment with the Korean Patient Safety Incidents (PSIs) Code Classification System. The unit of analysis was the individual case rather than the patient, because two or more AEs may occur in one patient. We examined whether the primary and secondary diagnostic codes had PSIs codes matching the AE type and checked each PSI code for whether the POA indicator had an ‘N’ tag. We reviewed the presence of PSI codes in patients without identified AEs and calculated the correlation between the AE incidence rate and PSI code and POA indicator accuracy across 15 hospitals.

Results
Ninety (8.7%) of the AE cases had PSI codes with an ‘N’ tag on the POA indicator compared to 294 (4.4%) of the non-AE cases. Infection- (20.4%) and surgery/procedure-related AEs (13.6%) had relatively higher instances of correctly tagged PSI codes. We did not identify any PSI codes for diagnosis-related incidents. While we noted significant differences in AE incidence rates, PSI code accuracy, and POA indicator accuracy among the hospitals, the correlations between these variables were not statistically significant.

Conclusion
Currently, PSI codes and POA indicators in South Korea appear to have low validity. To use administrative data in medical quality improvement activities such as monitoring patient safety levels, improving the accuracy of administrative data should be a priority. Possible strategies include targeted education on PSI codes and POA indicators and introduction of new evaluation indicators regarding the accuracy of administrative data.
First-in-human, double-blind, randomized phase 1b study of peptide immunotherapy IMCY-0098 in new-onset type 1 diabetes: an exploratory analysis of immune biomarkers
Authors: Van Rampelbergh Jean , Achenbach Peter , Leslie Richard David , Kindermans Martin , Parmentier Frédéric , Carlier Vincent , Bovy Nicolas , Vanderelst Luc , Van Mechelen Marcelle , Vandepapelière Pierre , Boitard Christian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
IMCY-0098, a synthetic peptide developed to halt disease progression via elimination of key immune cells in the autoimmune cascade, has shown a promising safety profile for the treatment of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a recent phase 1b trial. This exploratory analysis of data from that trial aimed to identify the patient biomarkers at baseline associated with a positive response to treatment and examined the associations between immune response parameters and clinical efficacy endpoints (as surrogates for mechanism of action endpoints) using an artificial intelligence-based approach of unsupervised explainable machine learning.

Methods
We conducted an exploratory analysis of data from a phase 1b, dose-escalation, randomized, placebo-controlled study of IMCY-0098 in patients with recent-onset T1D. Here, a panel of markers of T cell activation, memory T cells, and effector T cell response were analyzed via descriptive statistics. Artificial intelligence-based analyses of associations between all variables, including immune responses and clinical responses, were performed using the Knowledge Extraction and Management (KEM®) v 3.6.2 analytical platform.

Results
The relationship between all available patient data was investigated using unsupervised machine learning implemented in the KEM® environment. Of 15 associations found for the dose C group (450 μg subcutaneously followed by 3 × 225 μg subcutaneously), seven involved human leukocyte antigen (HLA) type, all of which identified improvement/absence of worsening of disease parameters in DR4+ patients and worsening/absence of improvement in DR4− patients. This association with DR4+ and non-DR3 was confirmed using the endpoints normalized area under the curve C-peptide from mixed meal tolerance tests where presence of DR4 HLA haplotype was associated with an improvement in both endpoints. Exploratory immune analysis showed that IMCY-0098 dose B (150 μg subcutaneously followed by 3 × 75 μg subcutaneously) and dose C led to an increase in presumed/potentially protective antigen-specific cytolytic CD4+ T cells and a decrease in pathogenic CD8+ T cells, consistent with the expected mechanism of action of IMCY-0098. The analysis identified significant associations between immune and clinical responses to IMCY-0098.

Conclusions
Promising preliminary efficacy results support the design of a phase 2 study of IMCY-0098 in patients with recent-onset T1D.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03272269; EudraCT: 2016–003514-27.
Association between serum lipid and all-cause mortality in asthmatic populations: a cohort study
Authors: Wen Jun , Zhuang Rongjuan , He Qingliu , Wei Chengcheng , Giri Mohan , Chi Jing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Presently, the majority of investigations primarily evaluate the association between lipid profiles and asthma. However, few investigations explore the connection between lipids and mortality related to the disease. This study aims to explore the association of serum lipids with all-cause mortality within asthmatic adults.

Methods
The investigation included 3233 eligible patients with asthma from the NHANES (2011–2018). The potential associations were explored using three Cox proportional hazards models, restricted cubic splines (RCS), threshold effect models, and CoxBoost models. In addition, subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate these associations within distinct populations.

Results
After controlling all covariables, the Cox proportional hazards model proved a 17% decrease in the probability of death for each increased unit of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) (mmol/L). Yet, there was no association seen between blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, or triglyceride and all-cause mortality in asthmatics. The application of RCS and threshold effect models verified an inverse and linear association of LDL-C with all-cause mortality. According to the results from the CoxBoost model, LDL-C exhibited the most substantial impact on the follow-up status of asthmatics among the serum lipids.

Conclusion
Our investigation concluded that in American asthmatic populations, LDL-C levels were inversely and linearly correlated with mortality. However, no independent relationship was found between triglycerides, total cholesterol, or HDL-C and mortality.
Proangiogenic effect and underlying mechanism of holmium oxide nanoparticles: a new biomaterial for tissue engineering
Authors: Luo Yuxiao , Zheng Yifan , Chen Ziwei , Mo Minhua , Xie Jiling , Zhou Xiaohe , Wu Yupeng , Yang Qiyuan , Zheng Manjia , Hu Xiaowen , Chen Liangjiao , Lan Zedong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Early angiogenesis provides nutrient supply for bone tissue repair, and insufficient angiogenesis will lead tissue engineering failure. Lanthanide metal nanoparticles (LM NPs) are the preferred materials for tissue engineering and can effectively promote angiogenesis. Holmium oxide nanoparticles (HNPs) are LM NPs with the function of bone tissue “tracking” labelling. Preliminary studies have shown that HNPs has potential of promote angiogenesis, but the specific role and mechanism remain unclear. This limits the biological application of HNPs.

Results
In this study, we confirmed that HNPs promoted early vessel formation, especially that of H-type vessels in vivo, thereby accelerating bone tissue repair. Moreover, HNPs promoted angiogenesis by increasing cell migration, which was mediated by filopodia extension in vitro. At the molecular level, HNPs interact with the membrane protein EphrinB2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and phosphorylated EphrinB2 can bind and activate VAV2, which is an activator of the filopodia regulatory protein CDC42. When these three molecules were inhibited separately, angiogenesis was reduced.

Conclusion
Overall, our study confirmed that HNPs increased cell migration to promote angiogenesis for the first time, which is beneficial for bone repair. The EphrinB2/VAV2/CDC42 signalling pathway regulates cell migration, which is an important target of angiogenesis. Thus, HNPs are a new candidate biomaterial for tissue engineering, providing new insights into their biological application.
Aortic arch de-branching for suspected expanding perigraft haematoma after previous acute type-A dissection repair with AMDS stent: a technique for a potential future problem
Authors: Karsan Rickesh , Shearer Niamh , Doyle Ciara , Roberts Rachel , Ahmed Alsir 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Acute Stanford type- A aortic dissections make up a large part of emergency cardiac surgery. They also carry a significant burden of morbidity. New techniques to aid aortic remodelling include the Ascyrus Medical Dissection Stent (AMDS): Its increasing use, looks to present a potential problem in cases where surgery involving the aortic arch may be required.

Case report
We present the case of a 49-year-old male who underwent urgent redo-surgery for total arch replacement and de-branching following recent replacement of the ascending aorta for acute type-A dissection, where an AMDS stent was deployed. The patient underwent total arch replacement with a stented tri-furcate prosthesis and de-branching of arch vessels with the stent landed inside the previous AMDS, to good effect.

Conclusion
This case highlights a possible approach to aortic arch surgery in patients who have previous had AMDS insertion.
A rare case of a simultaneous post-dissection saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta and large pulmonary artery aneurysm with secondary embolism: a case report
Authors: van Dinter S. R. , Arslan T. , Boerman S. , Hofman F. N. , Klein P. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Aneurysms of the pulmonary arteries and the ascending aorta are rare, and both bear a high mortality risk if left untreated. In general, these entities are primarily caused by etiologies such as hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension, infection or congenital disorders. Treatment requires a rapid diagnostic work-up or even immediate surgical intervention in acute cases. Nevertheless, surgery entails serious perioperative risks, in particular in patients with multiple comorbidities.

Case presentation
We discuss a 70-year-old woman presented with decompensated heart failure based on severe pulmonary artery hypertension, coincided by a massive pulmonary artery aneurysm with secondary embolism. Additional diagnostic imaging also showed a chronic post-dissection, saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta. To our knowledge, this simultaneous diagnosis of a saccular aneurysm of the ascending aorta and a large aneurysm of the pulmonary artery with secondary embolism has not yet been described. Nonetheless, conservative treatment was chosen due to extensive pulmonal and cardiovascular comorbidities and the high-risk profile of surgery.

Conclusions
Extensive aneurysmatic disease of the pulmonary arteries and ascending aorta come with a serious burden of disease, especially if coincided by severe pulmonal and cardiovascular comorbidities. Both conditions can be curatively treated by surgical intervention. However, in every case the risk of surgery and the patient’s vitality, comorbidities and wishes should be taken into account to formulate an adequate treatment plan. Therefore, shared decision making is of utter importance.
Amplifications of EVX2 and HOXD9-HOXD13 on 2q31 in mature cystic teratomas of the ovary identified by array comparative genomic hybridization may explain teratoma characteristics in chondrogenesis and osteogenesis
Authors: Wang Wen-Chung , Hou Tai-Cheng , Kuo Chen-Yun , Lai Yen-Chein 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Teratomas are a common type of germ cell tumor. However, only a few reports on their genomic constitution have been published. The study of teratomas may provide a better understanding of their stepwise differentiation processes and molecular bases, which could prove useful for the development of tissue-engineering technologies.

Methods
In the present study, we analyzed the copy number aberrations of nine ovarian mature cystic teratomas using array comparative genomic hybridization in an attempt to reveal their genomic aberrations.

Results
The many chromosomal aberrations observed on array comparative genomic hybridization analysis reveal the complex genetics of this tumor. Amplifications and deletions of large DNA fragments were observed in some samples, while amplifications of EVX2 and HOXD9-HOXD13 on 2q31.1, NDUFV1 on 11q13.2, and RPL10, SNORA70, DNASE1L1, TAZ, ATP6AP1, and GDI1 on Xq28 were found in all nine mature cystic teratomas.

Conclusions
Our results indicated that amplifications of these genes may play an important etiological role in teratoma formation. Moreover, amplifications of EVX2 and HOXD9-HOXD13 on 2q31.1, found on array comparative genomic hybridization, may help to explain the characteristics of teratomas in chondrogenesis and osteogenesis.
Two-stage conversion of syngas and pyrolysis aqueous condensate into L-malate
Authors: Robazza Alberto , Baleeiro Flávio C. F. , Kleinsteuber Sabine , Neumann Anke 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHybrid thermochemical–biological processes have the potential to enhance the carbon and energy recovery from organic waste. This work aimed to assess the carbon and energy recovery potential of multifunctional processes to simultaneously sequestrate syngas and detoxify pyrolysis aqueous condensate (PAC) for short-chain carboxylates production. To evaluate relevant process parameters for mixed culture co-fermentation of syngas and PAC, two identical reactors were run under mesophilic (37 °C) and thermophilic (55 °C) conditions at increasing PAC loading rates. Both the mesophilic and the thermophilic process recovered at least 50% of the energy in syngas and PAC into short-chain carboxylates. During the mesophilic syngas and PAC co-fermentation, methanogenesis was completely inhibited while acetate, ethanol and butyrate were the primary metabolites. Over 90% of the amplicon sequencing variants based on 16S rRNA were assigned to Clostridium sensu stricto 12. During the thermophilic process, on the other hand, Symbiobacteriales, Syntrophaceticus, Thermoanaerobacterium, Methanothermobacter and Methanosarcina likely played crucial roles in aromatics degradation and methanogenesis, respectively, while Moorella thermoacetica and Methanothermobacter marburgensis were the predominant carboxydotrophs in the thermophilic process. High biomass concentrations were necessary to maintain stable process operations at high PAC loads. In a second-stage reactor, Aspergillus oryzae converted acetate, propionate and butyrate from the first stage into L-malate, confirming the successful detoxification of PAC below inhibitory levels. The highest L-malate yield was 0.26 ± 2.2 molL-malate/molcarboxylates recorded for effluent from the mesophilic process at a PAC load of 4% v/v. The results highlight the potential of multifunctional reactors where anaerobic mixed cultures perform simultaneously diverse process roles, such as carbon fixation, wastewater detoxification and carboxylates intermediate production. The recovered energy in the form of intermediate carboxylates allows for their use as substrates in subsequent fermentative stages.
Associated factors of diet quality among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ghana
Authors: Abdulai Kasim , Torpey Kwasi , Kotoh Agnes Millicent , Laar Amos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introduction
: Nutrition is a very important element of a comprehensive care for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), especially in resource-constrained settings where malnutrition and food insecurity are common. Dietary diversity is a useful indication of nutritional adequacy (diet quality) in people of all ages. An optimally diverse diet strengthens the body’s immune system.

Objective
This study aimed to assess diet quality and its associated factors among PLHIV.

Methods
A facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed to select 440 PLHIV from two hospitals in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Dietary intakes were determined using 24-hour recall. A stadiometer and bioimpedance analysis machine were used to obtain anthropometric and body composition data. Diet quality was assessed using FAO’s individual dietary diversity score (IDDS) as a proxy. SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Odds ratios and ordinal logistic regression were used to identify factors associated with diet quality among the PLHIV. P-value was set at 0.05.

Results
Most of the PLHIV (73%) consumed from ‘Starchy staple” food group. Less than 20% of the study sample consumed ‘Fruits’ and ‘Vegetables’ (17% and 14% respectively) a day before the survey. The mean IDDS was 4.11 (SD = 1.29). Overall, most of the PLHIV (56%) had medium IDDS which is equivalent to “diet needing improvement’, 14% had higher IDDS (good diet), whiles about 31% of the participants actually had poor diet (lower IDDS). Associated factors of diet quality were age (AOR = 0.966: 95%CI: 0.936–0.997: p = 0.031), married (AOR = 4.634: 95%CI: 1.329–16.157: p = 0.0016), separated (AOR = 0.0203: 95%CI: .036–0.994: p = 0.049), and daily meal frequency (AOR = 0.441: 95%CI: .478–1.948: p = 0.020). Overall, the model accounts for about 20% of the variation in diet quality of the participants (pseudo-R square = 0.196).

Conclusion
This study demonstrates that most of the PLHIV did not consume good diet which may have an implication on their immune system, which is already under attack by HIV, and probably emerging infections. Age, marital status, and meal frequency were the variables that predicted diet quality among the study participants.