bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The H63D HFE gene variant promotes activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway via mitochondria dysfunction following β‐amyloid peptide exposure
Authors: Mairuae Nootchanat , Hall II Eric C. , Cheepsunthorn Poonlarp , Lee Sang Y. , Connor James R. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractNumerous epidemiological studies suggest that the expression of the HFE allelic variant H63D may be a risk factor or genetic modifier for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The H63D variant alters cellular iron homeostasis and increases baseline oxidative stress. The elevated cellular stress milieu, we have proposed, may alter cellular responses to genetic and environmental determinants of AD. Accumulation of β‐amyloid peptides (Aβ) is one of the most prominent pathogenic characteristics of AD. Several studies have demonstrated that Aβ can induce neuronal cell death through apoptosis. In this study, we provide evidence that an Aβ25–35 fragment, which contains the cytotoxic sequence of the amyloid peptide, activates the intrinsic apoptotic pathway in SH‐SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells expressing the HFE allelic variant H63D to a greater extent than in cells with wild‐type (WT) HFE. Specifically, Aβ25–35 peptide exposure significantly induced Bax translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria in H63D‐expressing cells compared with WT cells. This translocation was associated with increased cytochrome c release from mitochondria and an increase in active caspase‐9 and caspase‐3 activity in H63D cells. Consequently, there is increased apoptosis in cells expressing the H63D variant as opposed to cells expressing WT HFE. We also found increased amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Aβ1–42 peptide in the mitochondrial compartment as well as increased mitochondrial stress in H63D‐expressing cells compared with WT. These findings support our hypothesis that the presence of the HFE H63D allele enables factors that trigger neurodegenerative processes associated with AD and predisposes cells to cytotoxcity. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Glutamate‐induced calcium increase mediates magnesium release from mitochondria in rat hippocampal neurons
Authors: Shindo Yutaka , Fujimoto Ai , Hotta Kohji , Suzuki Koji , Oka Kotaro 
Published: August 2010

AbstractExcess administration of glutamate is known to induce Ca2+ overload in neurons, which is the first step in excitotoxicity. Although some reports have suggested a role for Mg2+ in the excitotoxicity, little is known about its actual contribution. To investigate the role of Mg2+ in the excitotoxicity, we simultaneously measured intracellular Ca2+ and Mg2+, using fluorescent dyes, Fura red, a fluorescent Ca2+ probe, and KMG‐104, a highly selective fluorescent Mg2+ probe developed by our group, respectively. Administration of 100 μM glutamate supplemented with 10 μM glycine to rat hippocampal neurons induced an increase in intracellular Mg2+ concentration ([Mg2+]i). Extracellular Mg2+ was not required for this glutamate‐induced increase in [Mg2+]i, and no increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) or [Mg2+]i was observed in neurons in nominally Ca2+‐free medium. Application of 5 μM carbonyl cyanide p‐(trifluoromethoxy) phenylhydrazone (FCCP), an uncoupler of mitochondrial inner membrane potential, also elicited increases in [Ca2+]i and [Mg2+]i. Subsequent administration of glutamate and glycine following FCCP treatment did not induce a further increase in [Mg2+]i but did induce an additive increase in [Ca2+]i. Moreover, the glutamate‐induced increase in [Mg2+]i was observed only in mitochondria localized areas. These results support the idea that glutamate is able to induced Mg2+ efflux from mitochondria to the cytosol. Furthermore, pretreatment with Ru360, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter, prevented this [Mg2+]i increase. These results indicate that glutamate‐induced increases in [Mg2+]i result from the Mg2+ release from mitochondria and that Ca2+ accumulation in the mitochondria is required for this Mg2+ release. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Attribution theory in the organizational sciences: A case of unrealized potential
Authors: Martinko Mark J. , Harvey Paul , Dasborough Marie T. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe argue that although attributional processes appear to affect virtually all goal and reward oriented behavior in organizations, they have not received adequate attention in the organizational sciences. In this Incubator, we encourage scholars to unlock the potential of attribution theory to develop more complete explanations of organizational behavior. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Low dose erythropoietin stimulates bone healing in mice
Authors: Garcia P. , Speidel V. , Scheuer C. , Laschke M.W. , Holstein J.H. , Histing T. , Pohlemann T. , Menger M.D. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBeyond its classical role in regulation of erythropoiesis, erythropoietin (EPO) has been shown to exert protective and regenerative actions in a variety of non‐hematopoietic tissues. However, little is known about potential actions in bone regeneration. To analyze fracture healing in mice, a femoral 0.25 mm osteotomy gap was stabilized with a pin‐clip technique. Animals were treated with 500 U EPO/kg bw per day or with vehicle only. After 2 and 5 weeks, fracture healing was analyzed biomechanically, radiologically and histologically. Expression of PCNA and NFκB was examined by Western blot analysis. Vascularization was analyzed by immunohistochemical staining of PECAM‐1. Circulating endothelial progenitor cells were measured by flow‐cytometry. Herein, we demonstrate that EPO‐treatment significantly accelerates bone healing in mice. This is indicated by a significantly greater biomechanical stiffness and a higher radiological density of the periosteal callus at 2 and 5 weeks after fracture and stabilization. Histological analysis demonstrated significantly more bone and less cartilage and fibrous tissue in the periosteal callus. Endosteal vascularization was significantly increased in EPO‐treated animals when compared to controls. The number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells was significantly greater in EPO‐treated animals. The herein shown acceleration of healing by EPO may represent a promising novel treatment strategy for fractures with delayed healing and non‐union formation. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:165–172, 2011
Scleraxisexpression is coordinately regulated in a murine model of patellar tendon injury
Authors: Scott Alexander , Sampaio Arthur , Abraham Thomas , Duronio Chris , Underhill Tully M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThis study investigated the expression ofScleraxisin a murine model of patellar tendon injury in which the central third of the patellar tendon was unilaterally injured. The presence of tendon pathology was assessed using dual photon microscopy, conventional histology and microCT. Tendon pathology was also quantified noninvasively over a 12‐week period using high‐frequency ultrasound and laser Doppler flowmetry. Gene expression (Scx,Tnmd, andCol1a1) was determined at defined end‐points (1, 4, 8, and 12 weeks) using qPCR on RNA from individual patellar tendons on injured and uninjured sides. There was significant development of tendon pathology as gauged by ultrasound and laser Doppler over 12 weeks. Injured tendons demonstrated significant histological and microCT evidence of pathological change, and disorganized collagen with reduced density. The expression ofScxandCol1a1was unchanged at 1 week, significantly upregulated at 4 and 8 weeks, and had returned to baseline by 12 weeks.Tnmdexpression was unchanged at 1 week, and significantly increased at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Patellar tendon injury was associated with marked increases in the expression ofScx,Tnmd, andCol1a1. Our data suggest new roles forScleraxisin coordinating the response to injury in the pathogenesis of tendon disorders. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:289–296, 2011
Bridging the gap: Bone marrow aspiration concentrate reduces autologous bone grafting in osseous defects
Authors: Jäger Marcus , Herten Monika , Fochtmann Ulrike , Fischer Johannes , Hernigou Philippe , Zilkens Christoph , Hendrich Christian , Krauspe Rüdiger 
Published: August 2010

AbstractAlthough autologous bone grafting represents an effective tool to induce osteogenic regeneration in local bone defects or pseudarthroses, it is associated with significant donor site morbidity and limited by the amount available for grafting. We investigate the potency of bone marrow aspiration concentrate (BMAC) to augment bone grafting and support bone healing. The functional and radiographic outcome of 39 patients with volumetric bone deficiencies treated with BMAC are presented and evaluated in a prospective clinical trial. A collagen sponge (Col) served as scaffold in 12 patients and a bovine hydroxyapatite (HA) was applied in the other 27 individuals. The minimal follow‐up was 6 months. Clinical and radiographic findings were completed by in vitro data. All patients showed new bone formation in radiographs during follow‐up. However, two patients underwent revision surgery due to a lack in bone healing. In contrast to the Col group, the postoperative bone formation appeared earlier in the HA group (HA group: 6.8 weeks vs. Col group 13.6 weeks). Complete bone healing was achieved in the HA group after 17.3 weeks compared to 22.4 weeks in the Col group. The average concentration factor of BMAC was 5.2 (SD 1.3). Flow cytometry confirmed the mesenchymal nature of the cells. Cells from BMAC created earlier and larger colonies of forming units fibroblasts (CFU‐F) compared to cells from bone marrow aspirate. BMAC combined with HA can reduce the time needed for healing of bone defects when compared to BMAC in combination with collagen sponge. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:173–180, 2011
The catabolic role of toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR‐2) mediated by the NF‐κB pathway in septic arthritis
Authors: Papathanasiou Ioanna , Malizos Konstantinos N. , Poultsides Lazaros , Karachalios Theofilos , Oikonomou Pagona , Tsezou Aspasia 
Published: August 2010

AbstractToll‐like receptors (TLRs) are involved in mediating cell activation on stimulation with microbial components. Our objective was to investigate the role of TLR‐2 mediated by the NF‐κB pathway in septic arthritic chondrocytes. TLR‐1, ‐2, and ‐6 mRNA expression levels were investigated in septic and normal chondrocytes using real‐time reverse transcription‐PCR. TLR‐2 and MMP‐13 mRNA and protein levels were measured using real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Blocking TLR‐2 mRNA expression was performed using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against TLR‐2 and subsequently MMP‐3, MMP‐13, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 mRNA levels, as well as p65 NF‐κB, IkBα, and MMP‐13 protein levels were evaluated using real‐time PCR and Western blot analysis. IL‐6 protein levels were measured using ELISA assay. We observed that TLR‐1, ‐2, and ‐6 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in septic compared to normal chondrocytes. MMP‐13 mRNA and protein expressions were also significantly upregulated in septic arthritic cartilage. Blocking TLR‐2 mRNA expression in septic chondrocytes resulted in significant increase of inactivated nonphosphorylated p65 NF‐κB and IkBα protein levels and reduction in MMP‐13, IL‐1β, and IL‐6 expression. Our findings suggest the pro‐inflammatory and catabolic role of TLR‐2 mediated by the NF‐κB pathway in septic arthritis. Modulation of TLR‐mediated signaling may be a potential therapeutic strategy for the prevention of postinfectious cartilage degradation in articular joints. © 2010 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 29:247–251, 2011
Processing characteristics and flavour of full lotus root powder beverage
Authors: Liu Junbo , Zhang Min , Wang Shaojin 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Lotus root beverage is commonly made from raw lotus root (RLR). However, RLR production is strictly limited, because it is prone to decomposition and browning after its short harvest season. In this study an innovative beverage was prepared from full lotus root powder (FLRP) as a substitute for RLR in an attempt to solve this problem.RESULTS: The components of FLRP basically corresponded to those of RLR, but there was some loss of heat‐labile compounds. Using differential scanning calorimetry, a gelatinisation temperature range of 57.08–67.80 °C was determined for FLRP with an average particle size distribution of 70 µm. The optimal conditions for enzymatic treatment of FLRP beverage were determined by response surface methodology as an enzyme concentration of 2.2 g kg−1 at 53 °C for 86 min. Turbidity decreased from 1082 to 280 nephelometric turbidity units following enzymolysis. Properties of FLRP beverage were also studied and a qualitative comparison of flavour compounds between RLR and FLRP beverages was made by electronic nose.CONCLUSION: Basic flavour compounds were consistent and flavour radar plots had approximately the same shape, area and proportion when all ingredients were identical apart from FLRP and RLR. Therefore, in terms of flavour, FLRP beverage appears to be a feasible substitute for RLR beverage. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Antioxidant and pancreas‐protective effect of red mold fermented products on streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats
Authors: Shi Yeu‐Ching , Pan Tzu‐Ming 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Red mold fermented products contain various antioxidants, and were mentioned in an ancient Chinese pharmacopoeia of medicinal food and herbs. They were considered useful for the treatment of diabetes. The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant and pancreas‐protective function of red mold fermented products on streptozotocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats.RESULTS: Throughout the experimental period (8 weeks), significantly (P < 0.05) lowered plasma glucose, amylase, triglyceride and cholesterol levels were observed in groups treated with red mold fermented products. Diabetic rats showed higher reactive oxygen species (P < 0.05) and lower activities of glutathione disulfide reductase, glutathione reductase and catalase (P < 0.05) in pancreas as compared to normal rats and those treated with red mold fermented products. There were some necrotic cells observed in the pancreas of diabetic rats and pancreatic tissue damaged by STZ in the red mold fermented products supplemented groups was ameliorated.CONCLUSION: These results indicate that red mold fermented products not only regulate hyperglycemia but also provide prevention against the effects of STZ‐induced pancreatic damage. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Adrenal incidentalomas: Risk of adrenocortical carcinoma and clinical outcomes
Authors: O'Neill Christine J. , Spence Andrew , Logan Barney , Suliburk James W. , Soon Patsy S. , Learoyd Diana L. , Sidhu Stan B. , Sywak Mark S. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractIntroductionThe number of incidentally discovered adrenal lesions is increasing due to the widespread use of abdominal imaging. Although most incidentalomas are benign, larger suspicious lesions will require adrenalectomy. The aim of this study is to determine the risk of malignancy in patients undergoing surgery for adrenal incidentaloma; and to compare clinical outcomes in those with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) based on the mode of presentation.MethodsA retrospective study of consecutive patients who underwent adrenalectomy between 1995 and 2008 was performed. Data were retrieved from a prospectively maintained adrenal tumor database. Those with adrenal incidentaloma were selected and histopathology reviewed. All patients with ACC (presenting with symptoms or incidentally) during the same time period were identified and clinical outcomes compared.ResultsAdrenalectomy was performed in 274 patients of whom 73 (27%) were characterized pre‐operatively as incidentaloma. Benign, non‐functioning adrenocortical adenoma was the most common histopathological finding (46 patients, 63%). There was a trend (P = 0.08) towards increased survival amongst the seven patients with ACC presenting incidentally compared to the nine patients with symptomatic ACC.ConclusionsAdrenal incidentalomas have a small but important risk of malignancy. ACC presenting as incidentaloma appear to have a more favorable prognosis than symptomatic or functioning ACC. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:450–453. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Understanding of breast cancer concepts in an undereducated county hospital population
Authors: Bouton Marcia E. , Nodora Jesse , Hsu Chiu‐Hsieh , Green Andrew , Martinez Maria Elena , Komenaka Ian K. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and objectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine how well breast cancer patients at a County hospital understood breast cancer concepts and treatment at time of operation.MethodsAn 11 question multiple‐choice examination was devised at a Flesch‐Kincaid grade level of 5.8. This was administered to patients prior to undergoing their definitive cancer operation.ResultsForty‐one of 42 consecutive women agreed to participate in the study. Seventy‐eight percent self identified as Hispanic and 64% had less than a High School education. For the question “Which surgery gives me a better chance to live?” 51% said mastectomy and lumpectomy are equal and 33% thought mastectomy was superior. Interestingly, 88% of respondents understood that screening mammograms are important. Sixty‐two percent of the patients, however, did not get screening mammograms. Multivariate analysis revealed that highest level of education (P < 0.001) and employment status (P = 0.007) correlated significantly with test score. Age, insurance status, household income, and ethnicity did not significantly predict test score.ConclusionAlthough the correct answer was the most frequently selected answer, this examination revealed deficits in the understanding of this undereducated population. Higher level of education and employment status did correlate with improved score. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:398–403. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Role of secondary cytoreductive surgery in ovarian cancer relapse: Who will benefit? A systematic analysis of 240 consecutive patients
Authors: Sehouli Jalid , Richter R. , Braicu Elena Ioana , Bühling Kai J. , Bahra Marcus , Neuhaus Peter , Lichtenegger Werner , Fotopoulou Christina 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesIn contrast to primary ovarian cancer, the value of surgery in relapsed‐OC (ROC) remains unclear. We evaluated surgical and clinical outcome of secondary cytoreduction in ROC.MethodsAll consecutive ROC patients who underwent secondary tumor‐debulking surgery were systematically analyzed as based on a validated intraoperative documentation tool. Tumor dissemination pattern, operative and clinical outcome were evaluated. Cox‐regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of mortality.ResultsBetween 09/2000 and 10/2008, 240 operations were evaluated; 184 patients (81.1%) were platinum‐sensitive and 43 (20%) platinum‐resistant. 47.5% of the patients had ascites, while 85.8% presented a multifocal tumor dissemination pattern. In 53.8% a complete tumor resection was achieved; in another 24.2%, postoperative tumor residuals were <1 cm. In multivariate analysis, no tumor resection (HR: 7.6; 95% CI: 2.9–19.9), ascites >500 ml (HR: 6.76; 95% CI: 3.77–12.1), platinum resistance (HR: 3.1; 95% CI: 1.26–7.7), and initial FIGO stage IV (HR: 2.86; 95% CI: 1.16–7) were the most significant risk factors for mortality. Median OS was 42.3 months (95% CI: 24.37–60.2); 17.7 months (95% CI: 12.27–23.13); and 7.7 months (95% CI: 3.1–12.3) for patients with complete tumor resection, tumor residuals ≤1 and >1 cm, respectively (trend P‐value <0.001).ConclusionsAbsence of ascites, platinum‐sensitivity, initial FIGO stage <IV, and complete tumor resection correlate with a significantly better long‐term prognosis after ROC surgery. However, a significant trend of continuously improving survival associated with increasing tumor reduction rates could be identified even in patients where a complete tumor resection is not achievable. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:656–662. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Neoadjuvant FOLFOX chemotherapy in 34 consecutive patients with mucinous peritoneal carcinomatosis of appendiceal origin
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. , Bijelic Lana , Chang David , Yoo Dal 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBackgroundA treatment option for patients with peritoneal mucinous carcinomatosis (PMCA) from an appendiceal neoplasm is cytoreductive surgery and perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Also, these patients are recommended for systemic chemotherapy using an oxaliplatin and 5‐fluorouracil (FOLFOX) regimen. A major question concerns the proper timing (neoadjuvant vs. adjuvant) of the systemic chemotherapy.MethodsIn January of 2005 a prospective study was initiated to routinely treat patients with peritoneal dissemination of a mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix with neoadjuvant chemotherapy using FOLFOX. All patients had a clinical, CT, intraoperative, and histopathological assessment of chemotherapy effects. The study was closed in July of 2009.ResultsThirty‐four consecutive patients were available for evaluation. In the clinical evaluation and CT evaluation, 24 (71%) and 22 (65%), respectively, had stable disease on chemotherapy. By intraoperative examination 17 (50%) patients were observed to have progressed. By histopathology seven had a partial response and three patients a complete response (29%).ConclusionsIn these carcinomatosis patients clinical and CT assessment of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy seldom provided useful data over this short time period. Intraoperative findings indicated progression in 50% of patients. By histopathology, 29% of patients had a response. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:576–581. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimizing resection for “responding” hepatic metastases after neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Thomay Alan A. , Charpentier Kevin P. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFifty percent of patients with colorectal cancer will develop metastases at some time during their disease, with the liver being the most common site. Recent advances in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer have led to a change in treatment paradigm. What follows is a review of the surgical management of hepatic colorectal metastases responding to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, the complexity of treating patients with “disappearing” colorectal liver metastases is discussed. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;102:1002–1008. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.