bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An interaction‐based combined portfolio strategy with applications to stock markets
Authors: He Tangtang , Wang Zongrun , Xiong Debin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractEach portfolio model has its own advantages. Behavioral portfolio models can depict investor psychology, but it is not easy to obtain the preference parameters. We propose an interaction‐based combined (InCo) portfolio that determines the proportions of assets based on investor preferences. We take the existing models as alternatives and innovatively develop a visualization tool to present the portfolio performance. Hesitant fuzzy set theory is used to describe investor evaluations and to then determine the proportions of alternatives. The out‐of‐sample performance of four strategies is tested on four datasets. The results show that InCo portfolio performs better in various markets.
Development of a scale examining post‐disaster coping motivations in Turkey after the 6 February earthquake
Authors: Şahi̇n Yahya , Okan Nesrullah 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop the Motivations for Coping After Disaster Scale. To test the construct validity of the scale, a total of 676 data were collected from three different sampling groups (N1: 388; N2: 194; N3: 94).MethodsExploratory Factor Analysis, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Criterion validity analysis were conducted to test the construct validity of the scale.ResultsAs a result of CFA, it was seen that the post‐disaster scale had a five‐dimensional structure (spiritual values, hope, friend support, solidarity, family support). The loadings of the items of the scale are at a good level. As a result of CFA, the scale was found to have acceptable and good fit indices (χ2/sd = 2.690; RMSEA (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) = 0.066; SRMR (Standardized Root Mean Square Residual) = 0.047; CFI (Comparative Fit Index) = 0.948; GFI (Goodness of Fit Index) = 0.917). The results of the criterion validity analysis show that the scale has criterion validity. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficient shows that the scale is highly reliable (Total = 0.923).ConclusionsThe results of this study show that the Post‐Disaster Coping Motivations Scale is a valid and reliable instrument. It is thought that the scale can make an important contribution to understanding psychological recovery processes after disaster and providing appropriate support to individuals.
Analysis of Internet‐Based Written Materials on Surgery for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Bhat Amrita , Nesmith William , Durr Megan L. , Chang Jolie L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has many treatment options and the Internet is an important resource for patients. The quality of information reviewed by patients about sleep surgery is unknown. We assessed readability, accessibility, actionability, and quality of online content for OSA surgeries.Study DesignReview of webpages by 2 independent reviewers.SettingInternet‐based search.MethodsWe queried Google for sleep apnea surgery and included top 100 English language webpages. Content was scored by 2 reviewers using the Flesch‐Kincaid (FK), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), JAMA benchmarks, CDC Clear Communication Index (CCI), and Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool (PEMAT) understandability and actionability scores.ResultsEighty‐seven webpages were evaluated including 40 hosted by academic hospitals, 23 private practices, 10 general knowledge, 4 national organizations, 3 industry, 3 non‐profit hospitals, and 2 government‐sponsored. Mean CCI ranged from 22.7% to 84.9%. No sources met the 90% CCI cutoff. Average PEMAT understandability score was 80.4% (±7.8; 62.5%‐93.3%), with 91% meeting the 70% standard score. Average PEMAT‐actionability score was 38.4% (±16.5; 0%‐70%), with 5% meeting the standard score. The average readability of webpages was the 10th grade reading level. Only 5% of pages met the recommended 6th grade reading level or lower. Only 21% of pages addressed surgical risks.ConclusionMost online resources regarding OSA surgery do not meet recommended standards for communication. Providers should be aware of limitations of materials when counseling patients on sleep surgery treatments. Future patient education resources should meet health communication and readability standards.
Albino lethal 13, a chloroplast‐imported protein required for chloroplast development in rice
Authors: Guo Xiaoqiong , Wang Chunli , Zhu Qian , Dongchen Wenhua , Zhang Xiaoling , Li Wei , Zhang Hui , Zhang Cui , Nant Nyein Zar Ni Naing , Li Mengting , Chen Lijuan , Lee Dongsun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractChloroplasts play a vital role in plant growth and development, which are the main sites of photosynthesis and the production of hormones and metabolites. Despite their significance, the regulatory mechanisms governing chloroplast development remain unclear. In our investigation, we identified a rice mutant with defective chloroplasts in rice (Oryza sativa L.), named albino lethal 13 (osal13), which displayed a distinct albino phenotype in leaves, ultimately resulting in seedling lethality. Molecular cloning revealed that OsAL13 encodes a novel rice protein with no homologous gene or known conserved domain. This gene was located in the chloroplast and exhibited constitutive expression in various tissues, particularly in green tissues and regions of active cell growth. Our study's findings reveal that RNAi‐mediated knockdown of OsAL13 led to a pronounced albino phenotype, reduced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, a vesicle chloroplast structure, and a decrease in the expression of chloroplast‐associated genes. Consequently, the pollen fertility and seed setting rate were lower compared with the wild type. In contrast, the overexpression of OsAL13 resulted in an increased photosynthetic rate, a higher total grain number per panicle, and enhanced levels of indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) in the roots and gibberellin A3 (GA3) in the shoot. These outcomes provide new insights on the role of OsAL13 in regulating chloroplast development in rice.
Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid induces PSTVd tolerance in tomato
Authors: Tang Wenkun , Tang Zhichao , Liu Haiyi , Lu Jinbiao , Du Qianyun , Tian Huan , Li Jingwei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTomato is a popular vegetable worldwide; its production is highly threatened by infection with the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). We obtained the full‐length genome sequence of previously conserved PSTVd and inoculated it on four genotypes of semi‐cultivated tomatoes selected from a local tomato germplasm resource. SC‐5, which is a PSTVd‐resistant genotype, and SC‐96, which is a PSTVd‐sensitive genotype, were identified by detecting the fruit yield, plant growth, biomass accumulation, physiological indices, and PSTVd genome titer after PSTVd inoculation. A non‐target metabolomics study was conducted on PSTVd‐infected and control SC‐5 to identify potential anti‐PSTVd metabolites. The platform of liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry detected 158 or 123 differential regulated metabolites in modes of positive ion or negative ion. Principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of the global metabolite profile between PSTVd‐infected leaves and control regardless of the detection mode. The potential anti‐PSTVd compounds, xanthohumol, oxalicine B, indole‐3‐carbinol, and rosmarinic acid were significantly upregulated in positive ion mode, whereas echinocystic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 5‐acetylsalicylic acid were upregulated in negative ion mode. Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid were detected as the most upregulated metabolites and were exogenously applied on PSTVd‐diseased SC‐96 seedlings. Both xanthohumol and echinocystic acid had instant and long‐term inhibition effect on PSTVd titer. The highest reduction of disease symptom was induced by 2.6 mg/L of xanthohumol and 2.0 mg/L of echinocystic acid after 10 days of leaf spraying, respectively. A superior effect was seen on echinocystic acid than on xanthohumol. Our study provides a statistical basis for breeding anti‐viroid tomato genotypes and creating plant‐originating chemical preparations to prevent viroid disease.
Energetic transition metal complexes based on 1‐allylimidazole and nitrocyanamide: Syntheses, characterizations and catalytic performances on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate
Authors: Yuan Yuhong , Huang Yinsheng , Ge Mingcheng , Zhong Ye , Li Zhimin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTo explore combustion catalysts for solid propellants, four novel energetic coordination compounds were prepared with the anion of nitrocyanamide (NCA) as the ligand and 1‐allyl‐imidazole (AIM) as the ligand, and transition metals Mn, Co, Ni, and Cu as the central ions. The structures of these compounds were [Mn(AIM)4] (NCA)2 (1), [Co(AIM)4](NCA)2 (2), [Ni(AIM)4](NCA)2 (3), [Cu(AIM)4](NCA)2 (4). The results showed that all of the compounds possessed high energy density, and compound 2 had a mass energy density (Eg) of 17.9 kJ g−1 and a volume energy density (Ev) of 25.59 kJ cm−3. The catalytic effect of these compounds on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was studied using DSC. The addition of 5 % catalyst to AP samples advanced the high‐temperature decomposition temperature and significantly increased the heat release. Compound 4 exhibited the best catalytic performance, with an increased heat release of 1739 J g−1, decomposition temperature advanced by 88.2 °C, and activation energy reduced to 74.74 kJ mol−1. These results demonstrate the potential of these compounds as combustion catalysts for solid propellants.
A novel and selective fluorescent ligand for the study of adenosine A2B receptors
Authors: Patera Foteini , Mistry Sarah J. , Kindon Nicholas D. , Comeo Eleonora , Goulding Joelle , Kellam Barrie , Kilpatrick Laura E. , Franks Hester , Hill Stephen J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFluorescent ligands have proved to be powerful tools in the study of G protein‐coupled receptors in living cells. Here we have characterized a new fluorescent ligand PSB603‐BY630 that has high selectivity for the human adenosine A2B receptor (A2BR). The A2BR appears to play an important role in regulating immune responses in the tumor microenvironment. Here we have used PSB603‐BY630 to monitor specific binding to A2BRs in M1‐ and M2‐like macrophages derived from CD14+ human monocytes. PSB603‐BY630 bound with high affinity (18.3 nM) to nanoluciferase‐tagged A2BRs stably expressed in HEK293G cells. The ligand exhibited very high selectivity for the A2BR with negligible specific‐binding detected at NLuc‐A2AR, NLuc‐A1R, or NLuc‐A3R receptors at concentrations up to 500 nM. Competition binding studies showed the expected pharmacology at A2BR with the A2BR‐selective ligands PSB603 and MRS‐1706 demonstrating potent inhibition of the specific binding of 50 nM PSB603‐BY630 to A2BR. Functional studies in HEK293G cells using Glosensor to monitor Gs‐coupled cyclic AMP responses indicated that PSB603‐BY630 acted as a negative allosteric regular of the agonist responses to BAY 60–6583. Furthermore, flow cytometry analysis confirmed that PSB603‐BY630 could be used to selectively label endogenous A2BRs expressed on human macrophages. This ligand should be an important addition to the library of fluorescent ligands which are selective for the different adenosine receptor subtypes, and will enable study of the role of A2BRs on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment.
Host vegetation connectivity is decisive for the natural spread of pine wilt disease
Authors: Huang Jixia , Zhao Xiaoting , Mo Xiumei , Wu Jin , Zhou Yantao , Fang Guofei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDPine wilt disease has caused significant economic, ecological, and social losses in China, but there is a notable lack of research on the dynamic process of its propagation and diffusion over long timescales. This study revealed the spatial and temporal spread of the natural invasion of pine wilt disease through an analysis of long time series at macroscopic scales. We analysed and verified by simulations the driving mechanisms of host and wind fields in the natural spread of pine wilt disease.RESULTSThe research findings indicate that from 1982 to 2019, the number of counties affected by pine wilt disease in the Yangtze River Delta region of China exhibited a pattern of ‘steady increase–fluctuation–outbreak’. The host forest played a decisive role in the natural spread of the disease, while the wind field played a supporting role. The study revealed specific contributions from various factors, where host forest landscape connectivity, host forest area share, mean wind speed, and wind frequency accounted for 31.8%, 28.7%, 22.6%, and 8.8%, respectively. The interaction of increased host forest area and increased wind speed can significantly increase the risk of pine wilt disease transmission. To validate these findings, vectorial metacellular automata simulations of pine nematode transmission in the Yangtze River Delta were conducted, yielding results with an accuracy of 0.803.CONCLUSIONBy quantifying the contribution of host forest connectivity to the natural spread of pine wilt disease, this research offers a scientific foundation and innovative insights for preventing and controlling its dissemination. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Transcriptome‐wide N6‐methyladenosine profiling reveals growth–defense trade‐offs in the response of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) infestation
Authors: Li Shuai , Tan Xinyang , He Zhen , Jiang Lei , Li Yali , Yang Liu , Hoffmann Ary A. , Zhao Chunqing , Fang Jichao , Ji Rui 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDN6‐Methyladenosine (m6A) is a common messenger RNA (mRNA) modification that affects various physiological processes in stress responses. However, the role of m6A modifications in plants responses to herbivore stress remains unclear.RESULTSHere, we found that an infestation of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) female adults enhanced the resistance of rice to N. lugens. The m6A methylome analysis of N. lugens‐infested and uninfested rice samples was performed to explore the interaction between rice and N. lugens. The m6A methylation mainly occurred in genes that were actively expressed in rice following N. lugens infestation, while an analysis of the whole‐genomic mRNA distribution of m6A showed that N. lugens infestation caused an overall decrease in the number of m6A methylation sites across the chromosomes. The m6A methylation of genes involved in the m6A modification machinery and several defense‐related phytohormones (jasmonic acid and salicylic acid) pathways was increased in N. lugens‐infested rice compared to that in uninfested rice. In contrast, m6A modification levels of growth‐related phytohormone (auxin and gibberellin) biosynthesis‐related genes were significantly attenuated during N. lugens infestation, accompanied by the down‐regulated expression of these transcripts, indicating that rice growth was restricted during N. lugens attack to rapidly optimize resource allocation for plant defense. Integrative analysis of the differential patterns of m6A methylation and the corresponding transcripts showed a positive correlation between m6A methylation and transcriptional regulation.CONCLUSIONThe m6A modification is an important strategy for regulating the expression of genes involved in rice defense and growth during rice–N. lugens interactions. These findings provide new ideas for formulating strategies to control herbivorous pests. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Towards Addressing COVID‐19 Vaccine Wastage in Cameroon: Challenges and Way Forward
Authors: Ezie Kengo Nathan , Ghislain Fodop Samuel , Zolo Yvan , Saidu Musa Shuaibu , Musa Shallangwa Mukhtar , Haruna Usman Abubakar , Manirambona Emery , Lucero‐Prisno Don Eliseo 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACTThe coronavirus‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic has tremendously impacted both the small and large world economies. Schools and businesses were shut down and national borders closed, interrupting international trade and movement of people. This eventually led to huge economic losses and rendered many people jobless. Unlike in high‐income countries, recovery in the post‐pandemic period is yet to be fully actualized as many countries, especially from Africa that were hit the most by the pandemic continue to face other health and economic setbacks. The African continent is endemic to diseases such as tuberculosis, malaria and HIV which already required funding before the COVID‐19 pandemic. During the pandemic, the Cameroonian health authorities reported numerous confirmed cases. Vaccination continues to be an effective means to avoid further spread of the virus and minimize possible occurrences of other COVID‐19 variants across the globe. Despite the efforts made towards COVID‐19 vaccination, only 12% of Cameroonians were reported to have completed the COVID‐19 vaccinations in the basic series. In the country, multiple resorts were used to attenuate the impact of the virus, including barrier measures, vaccines and even traditional therapies. The initial promotion of traditional remedies as control measures created a preference over vaccines due to misinformation from social media platforms, contributing to fear of vaccines, and consequently resulted in a high vaccine hesitancy (VH) reported at 56.9%. This VH coupled with cold chain management challenges resulted in vaccine wastage. Consequently, the target of vaccinating 15 million Cameroonians by December 2022 to reach the threshold vaccination coverage expected to confer immunity was not attained. Hence, it is important to reduce expenditures on extra doses of vaccines, maximize uptake through vaccination sensitization campaigns and increase access to avoid vaccine wastage. This will be instrumental in attaining herd immunity and contribute to the fight against new COVID‐19 variants.
What are the neurodevelopmental outcomes of children with asymptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus infection at birth? A systematic literature review
Authors: Smyrli Angeliki , Raveendran Vishnuga , Walter Simone , Pagarkar Waheeda , Field Nigel , Kadambari Seilesh , Lyall Hermione , Bailey Heather 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCongenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is among the most common congenital infections globally. Of 85%–90% cCMV‐infected infants without symptoms at birth, 10%–15% develop sequelae, most commonly sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL); their childhood neurodevelopmental outcomes are less well understood. Embase and MEDLINE were searched for publications from 16th September 2016 to 9th February 2024 to identify studies reporting primary data on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with asymptomatic cCMV (AcCMV), measured using assessment tools or as evaluated by the study investigators, clinicians, educators, or parents. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale was applied to studies to assess risk of bias. Of 28 studies from 18 mostly high‐income countries, there were 5‐109 children with AcCMV per study and 6/28 had a mean or median age at last follow‐up of ≥5 years. Children with AcCMV had better neurodevelopmental outcomes than children with symptomatic cCMV in 16/19 studies. Of 9/28 studies comparing AcCMV with CMV‐uninfected children, six reported similar outcomes whilst three reported differences limited to measures of full‐scale intelligence and receptive vocabulary among children with AcCMV and SNHL, or more generally in motor impairment. Common limitations of studies for our question were a lack of cCMV‐uninfected controls, heterogeneous definitions of AcCMV, lack of focus on neurodevelopment, selection bias and inadequate follow‐up. There was little evidence of children with AcCMV having worse neurodevelopmental outcomes than CMV‐uninfected children, but this conclusion is limited by study characteristics and quality; findings highlight the need for well‐designed and standardised approaches to investigate long‐term sequelae.
Colorimetric Fluorescence of a 2,4,5‐Triaryl Imidazole‐Based Sensor for the Selective Detection of Iron
Authors: Wang Jing , Ren Lu , Liu Chang , Liu Yanqi , Shang Yujie , Zhang Yulu , Zhang Dawei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTwo imidazole‐based color‐changing fluorescent probes 4‐(4,5‐bis(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐N, N‐diphenylaniline (CIN) and 4‐(4,5‐di(furan‐2‐yl)‐1H‐imidazol‐2‐yl)‐N, N‐diphenylaniline (FIN) were synthesized and characterized. The new probes CIN and FIN exhibit excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards Fe3+ with relatively low detection limits (0.26 μM and 0.10 μM) and strong anti‐interference properties. Both the probes CIN and FIN complex 1 : 1 with Fe3+ ion, and the complexation constants were 1.165×105 M−1 (CIN) and 1.899×105 M−1 (FIN), respectively. Moreover, CIN and FIN could be recycled by EDTA and could effectively monitor Fe3+ ions at pH 4–10, which ensures the sensor‘s potential for detecting Fe3+ in actual aqueous solutions. The probes were further applied to the detection of Fe3+ in the actual reaction of Fe2+ oxidation, and the filter paper and the probe solution are combined to make an indicator to detect Fe3+ more conveniently and quickly.
Stable Radicals in Dihydrophenazine Derivatives‐Doped Epoxy Resin for High Photothermal Conversion
Authors: Chen Ziyu , Su Yonghao , Long Qianxin , Zhang Zhiyun , Su Jianhua , Guo Lifang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOrganic radicals exhibit great potential in photothermal applications, however, their innate high reactivity with oxygen renders the preparation of stable organic radicals highly challenging. In this work, a series of co‐doped radical polymers ares prepared by doping dihydrophenazine derivatives (DPPs) into the epoxy resin matrix. DPPs can form radical species through the electron transfer process, which are further stabilized by the complex 3D network structure of epoxy resin. Experimental results show that the photothermal conversion efficiency is as high as 79.9%, and the temperature can quickly rise to ≈130 °C within 60 s. Due to the excellent visible light transmittance and mechanical properties of co‐doped systems, this study further demonstrates their practical applications in energy‐saving solar windows and thermoelectric power generation.
Revealing the Mechanism Underlying 3D‐AFM Imaging of Suspended Structures by Experiments and Simulations
Authors: Alam Mohammad Shahidul , Penedo Marcos , Sumikama Takashi , Miyazawa Keisuke , Hirahara Kaori , Fukuma Takeshi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe invention of 3D atomic force microscopy (3D‐AFM) has enabled visualizing subnanoscale 3D hydration structures. Meanwhile, its applications to imaging flexible molecular chains have started to be experimentally explored. However, the validity and principle of such imaging have yet to be clarified by comparing experiments and simulations or cross‐observations with an alternative technique. Such studies are impeded by the lack of an appropriate model. Here, this difficulty is overcome by fabricating 3D carbon nanotube (CNT) structures flexible enough for 3D‐AFM, large enough for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and simple enough for simulations. SEM and 3D‐AFM observations of the same model provide unambiguous evidence to support the possibility of imaging overlapped nanostructures, such as suspended CNT and underlying platinum (Pt) nanodots. Langevin dynamics simulations of such 3D‐AFM imaging clarify the imaging mechanism, where the flexible CNT is laterally displaced to allow the AFM probe access to the underlying structures. These results consistently show that 3D‐AFM images are affected by the friction between the CNT and AFM nanoprobe, yet it can be significantly suppressed by oscillating the cantilever. This study reinforces the theoretical basis of 3D‐AFM for imaging various 3D self‐organizing systems in diverse fields, from life sciences to interface sciences.