bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two additional cases of metformin‐associated encephalopathy in patients with end‐stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis
Authors: Kang Yeo‐Jin , Bae Eun Jin , Seo Jong Woo , Jeon Dae‐Hong , Cho Hyun Seop , Kim Hyun‐Jung , Chang Se‐Ho , Park Dong Jun 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe report on two additional cases of metformin‐associated encephalopathy in patients with end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Two patients were seen at our hospital with abnormal neurological signs and symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed the same pattern of high signal intensity in both basal ganglia in T2‐weighted images in the two patients. The two patients had started taking metformin 5 and 6 weeks earlier at the same dose of 1000 mg per day. Metformin was immediately stopped, and regular hemodialysis was conducted. Their signs and symptoms resolved completely after these measures. The high signal intensity in both ganglia in T2‐weighted MRI also disappeared. We should suspect metformin‐induced encephalopathy and withdraw the drug when presented with diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease and neurological signs and symptoms of unknown cause.
Gene expression patterns of the Bcl‐2 and Bax genes in preterm birth
Authors: DEMENDI CSABA , BÖRZSÖNYI BALÁZS , VÉGH VERONIKA , NAGY ZSOLT B. , RIGÓ JÁNOS , PAJOR ATTILA , JOÓ JÓZSEF GÁBOR 
Published: April 2012

Abstract Objective. The apoptotic genes Bax and Bcl‐2 are both involved in the pathogenesis of preterm delivery in conjunction with additional factors. We characterized gene expression patterns of these apoptotic regulatory genes as well as relevant environmental factors. Design. A gene expression study with evaluation of clinical data. Setting. Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. Sample. Human placental samples from 104 preterm and 140 full‐term pregnancies. Methods. Gene tests were performed using real‐time PCR to assess gene expression patterns of Bax and Bcl‐2 in human placental samples. Clinical data were collected from our computerized database. Main outcome measures. Apoptotic gene expression pattern and clinical information against the background of preterm delivery. Results. In placental samples from preterm delivery pregnancies, expression of the Bcl‐2 gene was unchanged, whereas the Bax gene was overexpressed. Placental gene expression of Bax in preterm delivery was dependent on gestational age with gestational weeks 28–32 and 32–36 associated with overexpression, and no overexpression in gestational weeks 24–28. Preterm delivery began with premature rupture of membranes in 70.2% and spontaneous uterine activity in 29.8%. Conclusions. The Bax gene was overexpressed in preterm delivery, whereas expression of the Bcl‐2 gene remained unchanged. After the 28th gestational week, apoptosis appears to be a key factor in the pathogenesis of preterm delivery.
Dermatoglyphic asymmetries and fronto‐striatal dysfunction in young adults reporting non‐clinical psychosis
Authors: Mittal V. A. , Dean D. J. , Pelletier A. 
Published: April 2012

Mittal VA, Dean DJ, Pelletier A. Dermatoglyphic asymmetries and fronto‐striatal dysfunction in young adults reporting non‐clinical psychosis.Objective:  Growing evidence indicates that non‐clinical psychotic‐like experiences occur in otherwise healthy individuals, suggesting that psychosis may occur on a continuum. However, little is known about how the diathesis for formal psychosis maps on to individuals at the non‐clinical side of this continuum. Our current understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia implicates certain key factors such as early developmental abnormalities and fronto‐striatal dysfunction. To date, no studies have examined these core factors in the context of non‐clinical psychosis.Method:  A total of 221 young adults were assessed for distressing attenuated positive symptoms (DAPS), dermatoglyphic asymmetries (a marker of early developmental insult), and procedural memory (a proxy for fronto‐striatal function).Results:  Participants reporting DAPS (n = 16; 7.2%) and no‐DAPS (n = 205; 92.7%) were split into two groups. The DAPS group showed significantly elevated depression, elevated dermatoglyphic asymmetries, and a pattern of procedural learning consistent with other studies with formally psychotic patients.Conclusion:  The results indicate that the non‐clinical side of the psychosis continuum also shares key vulnerability factors implicated in schizophrenia, suggesting that both early developmental disruption and abnormalities in fronto‐striatal function are core aspects underlying the disorder.
Coronally advanced flap with and without connective tissue graft for the treatment of single maxillary gingival recession with loss of inter‐dental attachment. A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Cairo Francesco , Cortellini Pierpaolo , Tonetti Maurizio , Nieri Michele , Mervelt Jana , Cincinelli Sandro , Pini‐Prato Giovanpaolo 
Published: April 2012

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this randomized clinical trial (RCT) was to evaluate the adjunctive benefit of Connective Tissue Graft (CTG) to Coronally Advanced Flap (CAF) for the treatment of gingival recession associated with inter‐dental clinical attachment loss equal or smaller to the buccal attachment loss (RT2).Material and MethodsA total of 29 patients with one recession were enrolled; 15 patients were randomly assigned to CAF+CTG while 14 to CAF alone. Measurements were performed by a blind and calibrated examiner. Outcome measures included complete root coverage (CRC), recession reduction (RecRed), Root coverage Esthetic Score (RES), intra‐operative and post‐operative morbidity, and root sensitivity.ResultsAfter 6 months, CAF+CTG resulted in better outcomes in terms of CRC (adjusted OR = 15.51, p = 0.0325) than CAF alone. CRC was observed in >80% of the cases treated with CAF+CTG when the baseline amount of inter‐dental CAL was ≤3 mm. No difference was detected in term of RecRed. CAF+CTG was associated with longer surgical‐time (p < 0.0001), higher number of days with post‐operative morbidity (p = 0.0222) and the need for a greater number of analgesics (p = 0.0178) than CAF alone. No difference for final RES score was detected (p = 0.1612).ConclusionBoth treatments can provide CRC in single gingival recession with inter‐dental CAL loss. The application of CTG under CAF resulted in predictable CRC when inter‐dental CAL was ≤3 mm.
Reactive granular histiocytosis secondary to arthroplasty prosthesis: a novel reaction pattern
Authors: Miller Daniel D. , Yaar Ron , Posnik Oksana , Karolow Wayne , Mahalingam Meera 
Published: April 2012

A reactive histiocytic infiltrate can be seen as an incidental finding in a lymph node biopsy from a patient with a history of joint arthroplasty. We report the case of a 74‐year‐old female who underwent surgical revision of a polyethylene‐based right total knee prosthesis due to chronic wear. At the time of surgery, a soft tissue mass adjacent to the tibial prosthetic insert was noted and excised. Histopathologic examination revealed a sheet‐like proliferation of large, histiocytoid cells within the subcutis and superficial fascia. The cells showed abundant eosinophilic, granular cytoplasm and small round bland nuclei. Immunohistochemical evaluation revealed the cells to be positive only for CD68. In addition, abundant PAS‐positive cytoplasmic granules were found, and minute particles of polarizable material were noted intracellularly and scattered throughout the interstitium of the infiltrate. These findings were interpreted as consistent with a reactive, non‐Langerhans cell histiocytosis secondary to the patient's polyethylene knee prosthesis. This finding appears to be a local correlate of the process previously described in regional lymph nodes as reactive granular histiocytosis. Dermatopathologists should be cognizant of this uncommon reaction pattern to avoid mistaking it for a neoplastic process.Miller DD, Yaar R, Posnik O, Karolow W, Mahalingam M. Reactive granular histiocytosis secondary to arthroplasty prosthesis: a novel reaction pattern.
Comparison of salivary and plasma antioxidant levels in lichen planus patients and healthy subjects
Authors: Azizi Arash , Farshchi Fereshteh 
Published: April 2012

J Oral Pathol Med (2012) 41: 524–526Introduction:  Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic, mucocutaneous, inflammatory disease. It has become more evident that the immune system plays a primary role in the development of this disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the total antioxidant status (TAS) of saliva and serum in patients with erosive OLP.Method and Materials:  This study was designed as case‐control. In total, 48 patients with erosive OLP (34 women and 14 men) were enrolled as case group, and 44 self‐admitted healthy people (34 women and 10 men) were selected as control group. Measurement of total antioxidant status was carried out in saliva and plasma. t‐test was used for statistical analysis with significant level set at P < 0.05.Results:  The mean ± SD of salivary TAS in case group was 0.98 ± 0.12, and in control group was 1.32 ± 0.18 mM, respectively, and there were significant differences between groups (P < 0.02). The mean ± SD of the plasma TAS in the case group and the control group was 1.24 ± 0.17 and 1.84 ± 0.34 mM, respectively. There were significant differences between two groups (P < 0.01).Conclusion:  Our results showed that salivary and plasma levels of total antioxidant status in erosive OLP patients were lower than those in healthy subjects.
A comparison of screening methods in two early phase oral leukoplakia clinical trials
Authors: Rosas RR , Cole KA , Darrah L , Rohrer MD , Rhodus NL , Ondrey FG 
Published: April 2012

Oral Diseases (2012) 18, 720–723Objectives/Introduction:  Clinical trial accrual for oral dysplasia is difficult in the United States and elsewhere. Patients with dysplastic oral leukoplakia progress to frank invasive carcinoma at a rate of 5–37% over 5 years. We compared two clinical trial screening efforts to hopefully devise better accrual strategies to these types of clinical trials.Methods:  For the first trial, we identified 244 patients with dysplastic oral leukoplakia in our university database and a media campaign. Patients were notified and screened by examination and biopsy. For the second clinical trial, we established a preneoplastic lesions clinic and teaching and communications network with regional oral healthcare professionals.Results:  Only one of 244 patients accrued to the first clinical trial through an organized screening effort based on database/medical records review. The second clinical trial accrued 16/30 screened patients through redirected efforts in teaching, communications, and a preneoplastic lesions clinic.Conclusion:  We conclude that significant difficulties resulted from medical record/database review of leukoplakia patients as a screening method for leukoplakia clinical trial entry. We feel that persistent direct contact and education of healthcare professionals who are likely to examine leukoplakia patients improved accrual to the second clinical trial.
Self‐reported cost‐prohibitive dental care needs among Canadians
Authors: Ramraj C , Quiñonez CR 
Published: April 2012

Abstract:  Objectives:  To explore self‐reported cost‐prohibitive dental treatment needs among Canadians.Methods:  Data were collected through a national telephone interview survey of 1006 randomly selected Canadian adults. Descriptive analyses based on socio‐demographic characteristics and dental‐related behaviours were undertaken. Logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of experiencing a cost‐prohibitive dental care need. Chi‐square tests were used to determine significant differences in the treatments reported as unaffordable by socio‐demographic characteristics and dental‐related behaviours.Results:  Those of low income, no insurance coverage and poor self‐rated oral health were more likely to report having a cost‐prohibitive dental care need. The top needs reported as unaffordable were fillings, cleanings and check‐ups. Comparatively, preventive services were selected as cost‐prohibitive more often by the insured, dentures by the oldest group and extractions by those with a high school education or less.Conclusions:  This study confirms that there are significant relationships between socio‐demographic factors, dental‐related behaviours and the types of dental services that are selected as unaffordable. Indirectly, this shows us how socio‐demographic factors may influence the types of dental services that are reported as ‘needed’ by certain groups. Difficulties in distinguishing between the services that are ‘needed’ from and those that are ‘wanted’ demonstrate some of the policy complexity associated with publicly financed dental care.
Distal arthrogryposis: clinical and genetic findings
Authors: Kimber Eva , Tajsharghi Homa , Kroksmark Anna‐Karin , Oldfors Anders , Tulinius Már 
Published: April 2012

AbstractAim:  Distal arthrogryposis is characterized by congenital contractures predominantly in hands and feet. Mutations in sarcomeric protein genes are involved in several types of distal arthrogryposis. Our aim is to describe clinical and molecular genetic findings in individuals with distal arthrogryposis and evaluate the genotype‐phenotype correlation.Method:  We investigated 39 patients from 21 families. Clinical history, including neonatal findings, joint involvement and motor function, was documented. Clinical examination was performed including evaluation of muscle strength. Molecular genetic investigations were carried out in 19 index cases. Muscle biopsies from 17 patients were analysed.Results:  A pathogenic mutation was found in six families with 19 affected family members with autosomal dominant inheritance and in one child with sporadic occurrence. In three families and in one child with sporadic form, the identified mutation was de novo. Muscle weakness was found in 17 patients. Ambulation was affected in four patients and hand function in 28. Fourteen patients reported pain related to muscle and joint affection.Conclusion:  The clinical findings were highly variable between families and also within families. Mutations in the same gene were found in different syndromes suggesting varying clinical penetrance and expression, and different gene mutations were found in the same clinical syndrome demonstrating genetic heterogeneity.
Establishing desirable fortificant levels for calcium, iron and zinc in foods for infant and young child feeding: examples from three Asian countries
Authors: Gibbs Michelle M. , Carriquiry Alicia L. , Capanzana Mario V. , Gibson Rosalind S. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe used the World Health Organization's recommended procedures to establish desirable fortificant levels for three problem micronutrients in children's diets, based on dietary data collected earlier from Filipino (n = 1374; 6–36 months), Mongolian (n = 179; 12–36 months) and Cambodian (n = 177; 12–36 months) children. Prevalence of inadequate and excessive intakes of calcium and zinc (via cut‐point method) and iron (via full‐probability approach) was assessed after adjusting usual intake distributions with pc‐side using internal or external within‐person variances from Filipino (calcium and iron) and US National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey III (zinc) national surveys. Fortificant levels were determined by repositioning usual intake distributions so that the 2.5th percentile of the targeted populations equalled the estimated average requirement (calcium, zinc) or so that full‐probability prevalence was no larger than 2.5% (iron). Prevalence of inadequate intakes was ≥70% for calcium and iron, except Filipino infants (30% for Ca) and Cambodian toddlers (41% for Fe); but <1% for zinc for toddlers in Mongolia and 20% in Cambodia. Prevalence of excessive intakes was <1% for zinc, calcium and iron, except for Mongolian toddlers (11% for Zn). Desirable fortificant levels, although apparently negligible for zinc, were 530–783 mg for calcium and 10.8–22.8 mg for iron (per 100 g). Fortificant levels can be estimated from 24‐h recalls, preferably by applying internal within‐person variances. Fortification with calcium and iron was necessary, but seemingly not for zinc, despite a high prevalence of low serum zinc, suggesting the need for better defined cut‐offs for population risk of zinc deficiency based on dietary zinc intake and/or serum zinc.
Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in a patient receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy
Authors: YOON Ju Young , NAM Tai Seung , KIM Myeong Kyu , HWANG Jun Eul , SHIM Hyun‐Jeong , CHO Sang Hee , CHUNG Ik Joo , BAE Woo Kyun 
Published: April 2012

AbstractWe report a case of acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) that developed in a patient with cholangiocarcinoma after receiving oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy. A 62‐year‐old man had multiple hypodense lesions with delayed enhancement in the both lobes of the liver on abdominal computed tomography. He was treated with 5‐fluorouracil, leucovorin and oxaliplatin (100 mg/m2). After eight cycles of treatment and a cumulative oxaliplatin dose of 780 mg/m2, he developed an unsteady gait, dysphagia, weakness of both the upper and lower limbs and impairment of all sensory modalities. Nerve conduction studies confirmed the diagnosis of AIDP. Immunoglobulin G i.v. was administered for 5 days but the neurological deficits of both his upper and lower limbs did not improve. This case highlights unusual peripheral nervous system manifestations in a patient who received chemotherapy with oxaliplatin.
FUNCTIONAL PARENTING AND DYSFUNCTIONAL ABORTION POLICY: REFORMING PARENTAL INVOLVEMENT LEGISLATION*
Authors: Manian Maya 
Published: April 2012

Abortion‐related parental involvement mandates raise important family law issues about the scope of parents' power over their children's intimate decisions. While there has been extensive scholarly attention paid to the problems with parental involvement laws, relatively little has been said about strategies for reforming these laws. This article suggests using insights from family law relating to functional parenthood and third party caregiving as a basis for crafting more capacious methods of ensuring adult guidance for teenage girls facing an unplanned pregnancy. Recent developments in family law bolster the case for reforming parental involvement legislation to allow teenagers to consult with designated adults other than parents or judges. Enlisting other trusted members of the community to assist pregnant teenagers should assuage those who want to guarantee that adolescents consult with an adult in a time of crisis, while also protecting teenagers who reasonably fear discussing pregnancy with their parents.Key Points for the Family Court Community:
Many scholars have noted that abortion‐related parental involvement mandates are in need of reform, but relatively little has been said about strategies for reforming these laws.
Insights from family law relating to functional parenthood and third party caregiving provide a sound basis for reform, particularly by bolstering the case for rewriting parental involvement legislation to allow teenagers to consult with designated adults other than parents or judges.
Enlisting other trusted members of the community to assist pregnant teenagers serves the dual goals of (i) assuaging those who want to guarantee that adolescents consult with an adult in a time of crisis, and (ii) protecting teenagers who reasonably fear discussing pregnancy with their parents.
ACTUALIZING INTIMATE PARTNERSHIP THEORY
Authors: Kelly Alicia Brokars 
Published: April 2012

This article offers concrete ways to modernize and advance existing laws governing the economics of couple relationships through fuller development and implementation of a “partnership of equals” theory. This is much needed because contemporary law does not adequately protect against financial vulnerabilities produced by partnering, and does not fairly share its benefits. As a result, law contributes to inequalities across a range of groups: between men and women; between cohabitants and married couples; and between same sex and opposite sex couples. Accordingly, I recommend a shift in law's foundation and application. Couple's law should be based on economic sharing behavior, broadly and specifically defined to include decision making as well as labor contributions, and should apply to unmarried as well as married couples. Further, law must recognize that sharing activities often importantly shape each partner's financial situation, including, to an extent, earning power. Drawing on this foundation, I describe specific ways to actualize these principles in legal practice, focusing on when couples break up. Economic advantages and disadvantages that were developed jointly should be shared. At the same time, however, some financial resources are not or are not completely shaped by partnering. In addition, sharing patterns can vary, with the vast majority of married couples being strongly economically intertwined and cohabitants being widely variable. So, for all intimate partnerships, I propose that the legal standard should be an assessment of the degree of economic interdependence in the relationship with resulting rules for sharing property and income streams that vary accordingly. As ripe arenas for extending the reach of the partnership model I offer, for married couples, I focus on alimony and the recent push for guidelines and caps, and for cohabitants, I briefly consider support obligations and the nascent shift in U.S. law toward a joint property regime.Key Points for Family Court Community:
Develops and modernizes theory of partnership of equals.
Critiques family law for inadequate response to couples’ sharing behaviors and it effects.
Critiques family law for contributing to inequality between men and women; cohabitants and spouses; and same sex and opposite sex couples.
Proposes integration of partnership sharing rules to alimony.
Proposes integration of partnership sharing rules to cohabitants.
Maps practitioner arguments for drawing on partnership within existing laws.
Updates current rules and trends in couple's law.