bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of music intervention on the quality of life of older people
Authors: Lee Yin Yi , Chan Moon Fai , Mok Esther 
Published: September 2010

lee y.y., chan m.f. & mok e. (2010) Effectiveness of music intervention on the quality of life of older people. Journal of Advanced Nursing 66(12), 2677–2687.AbstractAim.  This paper is a report of a study of the effect of music on the quality of life of community‐dwelling older Chinese people in Hong Kong.Background.  Older people’s quality of life can be improved by preparing for the transition into old age. Listening to music, as a vehicle for feeling, can facilitate the non‐verbal expression of emotion, reaching people’s inner feelings without being threatening, and it can be a tool for emotional catharsis.Method.  A randomized controlled trial design was conducted from in 2007 in a community centre in Hong Kong. A total of 66 older people (31 in music group and 35 in control group), aged from 65 to 90 years were randomly assigned to undergo either a 30‐minute music intervention or a rest period for 4 weeks; quality of life outcomes were then measured.Results.  Quality of life improved weekly in the music group, indicating a cumulative dose effect, and a statistically significantly better quality of life was found over time in each sub‐score for those in the music group compared with the controls. However, in the music group, there were no statistically significant improvements of quality of life in each sub‐score over the 4 weeks.Conclusion.  Being engaged in music activities can help a person to connect with their life experiences and with other people, and to be more stimulated. Music is a non‐invasive, simple and inexpensive therapeutic method of improving quality of life in community‐dwelling elders.
Comparative pharmacokinetics of intravenous cephalexin in pregnant, lactating, and nonpregnant, nonlactating goats
Authors: AMBROS L. , KREIL V. , TARRAGONA L. , MONFRINOTTI A. , HALLU R. , REBUELTO M. 
Published: September 2010

Ambros, L., Kreil, V., Tarragona, L., Monfrinotti, A., Hallu, R., Rebuelto, M. Comparative pharmacokinetics of intravenous cephalexin in pregnant, lactating, and nonpregnant, nonlactating goats. J. vet. Pharmacol. Therap.34, 397–402.The aims of this study were to describe and compare the pharmacokinetics of a single dose of cephalexin (10 mg/kg) after its intravenous (i.v.) administration to five goats in three different physiological status: nonpregnant nonlactating (NPNL), pregnant (P) and nonpregnant lactating (L). Blood samples were collected at predetermined times, and plasma concentrations of cephalexin were measured by microbiological assay. Relevant pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using noncompartmental analysis. Statistical comparison was performed applying the nonparametric anova. No significant differences were found for cephalexin pharmacokinetic parameters between the L and the NPNL group. Median Vdss was significantly lower in pregnant goats (0.09 [0.07–0.10] L/kg) compared with NPNL goats (0.16 [0.14–0.49] L/kg). Median total Cl and Vdz were significantly lower in pregnant goats (0.25 [0.19–0.29] L/h·kg and 0.11 [0.10–0.13] L/kg, respectively) than in lactating goats (0.40 [0.32–0.57] L/h·kg and 0.20 [0.14–0.23] L/kg, respectively). Median AUC0–∞ was significantly higher in pregnant goats (37.79 [34.75–52.10] μg·h/mL) than in lactating goats (25.11 [17.44–31.14] μg·h/mL). Our study showed that even though some pharmacokinetic parameters of cephalexin are altered in pregnant and lactating goats, these differences are unlikely to be of clinical importance; therefore, no dose adjustment would be necessary during pregnancy and lactation.
Sedimentary cycles and facies architecture of aeolian–fluvial strata of the Upper Jurassic Guará Formation, southern Brazil
Authors: SCHERER CLAITON M. S. , LAVINA ERNESTO L. C. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Upper Jurassic Guará Formation comprises an 80–200 m thick continental succession exposed in the western portion of the Rio Grande do Sul State (Brazil). It comprises four distinct facies associations: (i) simple to locally composite crescentic aeolian dune sets, (ii) aeolian sand sheets, (iii) distal floodflows, and (iv) fluvial channels. The vertical stacking of the facies associations defines several 5–14 m thick wetting‐upward cycles. Each cycle starts with aeolian dune sets followed by aeolian sand sheets deposits and culminating in either fluvial channels or distal flood strata. Within some cycles, aeolian sand sheets are absent and fluvial deposits rest directly above aeolian dune facies. The transitions from one facies association to another are abrupt and marked by erosive surfaces that delineate distinct episodes of sediment accumulation. The origin of both the wetting‐upward cycles and the erosive surfaces was controlled by the ground‐water table level, dry sand availability and aeolian and fluvial sediment transport capacity variations, related to climatic fluctuations between relatively arid and humid conditions. Preservation of the fluvial–aeolian deposits reflects an overall relative water table rise driven by subsidence.
Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified in relation to the bipolar spectrum
Authors: Bader Cynthia D , Dunner David L 
Published: September 2010

Background:  The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients who are diagnosed with bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BPD NOS) and who are considered to represent part of the bipolar spectrum. The lifetime prevalence of BPD in the general population may be as high as 6% when the full spectrum of bipolar disorders is accounted for. Correct identification of true bipolar patients in clinical settings may result in more appropriate treatment. Our hypothesis was that patients with BPD NOS would be more similar to other bipolar patients than major depressive disorder (MDD) patients in terms of age of onset, history of suicidal behavior and family history of BPD.Methods:  We conducted a retrospective chart review to extract and analyze data on the family history, disease course and clinical characteristics of 305 bipolar disorder I (BPD I), bipolar disorder II (BPD II), bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BPD NOS) or major depressive disorder (MDD) patients who were then grouped by diagnosis for analysis. Nominal variables were compared between groups using chi‐square tests and ANOVA was used to compare means between groups for continuous variables. Significant F values were followed by independent‐samples t‐tests.Results:  Patients with BPD I, BPD II and BPD NOS were all found to have a significantly earlier mean age of onset of depression than MDD patients. A significantly higher incidence of bipolar illness in a first‐degree relative was found in all BPD groups (27–32%) compared with MDD patients (11%). Only the BPD I group had a significantly higher rate of suicide attempts (42%), compared with the BPD NOS (17%) and MDD recurrent (16%) groups.Conclusions:  Our data support the conclusions of others that an early age of onset and a positive family history of bipolar illness are associated not only with BPD I and II but also with ‘softer’ forms of bipolar illness, which DSM‐IV classifies as BPD NOS and the current literature refers to as a category of ‘bipolar spectrum disorder’, albeit with varying proposed definitions and diagnostic criteria. Suicide attempt history may be more useful in identifying the severity of illness than distinguishing the bipolar spectrum from depressive disorders. Further research is needed to clearly define the boundaries of the bipolar spectrum.
Male and female secondary sexual traits show different patterns of quantitative genetic and environmental variation in the horned beetle Onthophagus sagittarius
Authors: WATSON N. L. , SIMMONS L. W. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe expression of secondary sexual traits in females has often been attributed to a correlated response to selection on male traits. In rare cases, females have secondary sexual traits that are not homologous structures to secondary sexual traits in males and are thus less likely to have evolved in females because of correlated selection. In this study, we used the dung beetle Onthophagus sagittarius, a species with sex‐specific horns, to examine the environmental and quantitative genetic control of horn expression in males and females. Offspring subjected to different brood mass manipulations (dung addition/removal) were found to differ significantly in body size. Brood mass manipulation also had a significant effect on the length of male horns; however, female horn length was found to be relatively impervious to the treatment, showing stronger patterns of additive genetic variance than males. We found no correlations between horn expression in males and females. We therefore conclude that the horns of O. sagittarius females are unlikely to result from genetic correlations between males and females. Rather, our data suggest that they may be under independent genetic control.
Dermatophyte infections in Melbourne: Trends from 1961/64 to 2008/09
Authors: Coloe Susan , Baird Robert 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTBackground/Objective:  To characterise the trends in dermatophyte isolation from specimens sourced from metropolitan Melbourne over a 48‐year time period.Method:  Analysis of submitted specimens from three time periods.Results:  Trends identified include: an increasing mean age of the patients; increased numbers of onychomycosis isolates; a significant age difference among patients with Trichophyton interdigitale isolates compared with patients who had other dermatophyte species; and an increasing number of previously rarely isolated imported dermatophytes.Conclusions:  Significant shifts are occurring in dermatophyte epidemiology.
Hybrid cysts: A clinicopathological study of seven cases
Authors: Kim Mi Sun , Lee June Hyunkyung , Son Sook Ja 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTHybrid cysts develop from more than two components of the pilosebaceous unit. The pathogenesis of this unusual disease has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and histopathological features of hybrid cysts. Histological sections of seven cases indexed as hybrid cysts were reviewed from 1996–2009 at the Department of Dermatology, Eulji Medical Center, Seoul, Korea. Hospital charts and slides were retrospectively evaluated. All cases had a combination of an epidermal cyst and a pilomatricoma with sharp transitional zones. The epidermal cyst lining was composed of thickened stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer. Basophilic cells, shadow cells and the contents of the pilomatricoma were present in all lesions. There were no differences in the clinical features between patients with hybrid cysts and others with single cystic lesions. There were five women and two men, ranging in age from 11 to 50 years (mean 27 years). The most common sites were the upper extremities. None of the patients had any sign of Gardner's syndrome. Hybrid cysts are an interesting pathological phenomenon. Further study is needed to analyze hybrid cysts to improve our understanding of their pathogenesis and development from tumours of the pilosebaceous unit.
“LIFE. BE IN IT. TILL DEATH OR HOSPITAL?”
Authors: Gibbs (Shann Gibbs) Shirley Ann 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYThis article examines the position of long‐stay terminal patients in a large geriatric teaching hospital. It describes a possible programme for living while awaiting eventual death. The proposals required minimal financial consideration — in fact most did not involve any financial outlay. The real cost lay in affecting changes in official policy. This cost was ultimately considered too great for present circumstances.
THE HYPERKINETIC CHILD AND SOCIETY
Authors: Mitchell Reg. A. 
Published: September 2010

HYPERKINESISThis article examines the behavioural “hyperkinetic child” syndrome. Historically there is confusion as to a precise definition of the syndrome and little epidemiological work has been carried out with a view to removing this confusion.The behavioural symptoms, as they have been identified, are examined for the ages infancy through to adulthood. It is apparent that in these areas alone there is a great need for research to be carried out before a comprehensive list of symptoms can be achieved.There appears to be four categories of etiological influence, each of these is examined in turn. The author, given that not one of these influences predominates, suggests that the etiology may be either multifactor or interactive or both.One major area in which the literature is lacking is in respect of the hyperkinetic adult. What is the behaviour of these people? Do they adjust to the disability? Questions such as these and many others still remain unanswered.
FACILITATING MEANINGFUL USE OF TIME BY HOSTEL RESIDENTS AFTER LONG TERM PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALIZATION
Authors: Manderson Susan 
Published: September 2010

ABSTRACTWhen discharged to hostels after long term psychiatric hospitalization, hostel residents are often incapable of structuring their use of time. This report describes a student practicum with six hostel residents who had had 8 to 40 years hospitalization and pursued little activity. It aimed over eight weeks to involve them in activities in the hostel and community, by structuring and supporting their participation, so that through experiencing success they might develop competence. Five out of six clients attained the specified amount of activity in the hostel and community to meet the programme's objectives. Positive results were observed in other residents and the physical environment of the hostel as well. Problems encountered and the hostel as a setting for a student practicum are discussed, and recommendations for further work in the area presented.
An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Independent Living Centre in Victoria
Authors: Alexander Jenni 
Published: September 2010

The Independent Living Centre (ILC) provides a free aids display and information service for disabled persons, their families and health professionals in Victoria. Over 50 disabled adult clients were interviewed prior to their appointments and in follow‐ups to assess client satisfaction with the ILC and the effectiveness of aids obtained in improving client independence and lifestyle.A total of 55 aids were obtained by 36 clients. All clients felt their visit to the ILC was worthwhile. At follow‐up, 87% of aids were in use, improving at least one aspect of client lifestyle or independence. Difficulties in obtaining aids were experienced by 58% of clients whilst 56% reported problems with the aids at follow‐up.Recommendations are made to all occupational therapists for improved assessment, prescription, follow‐up and use of aids for disabled persons.
Frames of Reference in the Care of Migrant Patients
Authors: Tebbutt Margaret , Wade Beverly 
Published: September 2010

Those who organise and deliver health services to migrants are predominantly of Anglo‐Celtic origin. They have had little opportunity either through their life experiences or through their professional training to become aware of the political, economic and social conditions that existed in Australia following the second world war.This paper describes the five main phases of post World War II immigration and explores the origins of social attitudes that underpin the responses of some members of the receiving society to the arrival of successive waves of immigrants. While the ethic upon which migration has been based has moved from assimilationist through integrationist, to that of ethic minorities with minority's rights, the ethic informing the delivery of health services seems to have remained, predominantly, in the assimilationist mould. Structural changes which have occurred, such as interpreter services, tend to entrench further existing health care delivery practices, averting the need for far reaching change.The experiences of some therapists attached to the Occupational Therapy Industrial Unit of Royal South Sydney Hospital are reviewed and some strategies to reduce the impact of an “accident victim syndrome” through preventative intervention at the workplace are discussed.It is suggested that more documentation of the experience of therapists caring for patients with a migrant background may lead to improved patient care.
Normal Spaces in Abnormal Places: The Significance of Environment in Occupational Therapy with Hospitalised Teenagers
Authors: Denshire Sally 
Published: September 2010

The increasing orientation of adolescents toward social contacts outside their families makes them organise in peer groups and subcultures which provide the space to act out generational concerns collectively. For some young people, the hospital setting is an environment in which they find themselves repeatedly. People usually decide to enter environments that are relevant to them. However in hospital, there are usually few familiar artifacts and the patient has little choice about being there.For young people to attain independence, they must experience competence and autonomy. In an attempt to capture some of the features of ordinary life, the sort of inanimate, social and temporal features within the hospital environment that facilitate independent behaviour must be available to youth: features like personal space and access to the peer group. When environmental requirements such as these are available, then occupational therapy can enable young people who are hospitalised to get back in touch with their abilities. During adolescence, the struggle for autonomy is at its peak. The hospital system demands of young people a passive and vulnerable role in which feelings of helplessness are exacerbated. In order to continue development in hospital, young people need appropriate spaces. At The Children's Hospital in Sydney, a Youth Ward is soon to be established. The establishment of such a ward is tangible acknowledgement that teenage patients support each other and receive better and more comprehensive care when they are grouped together.The occupational therapy approach discussed here recognises how important environment is in the healthy development of young people.
Whole‐seed development in Sicyos angulatus (Cucurbitaceae, Sicyeae) and a comparison with the development of water‐impermeable seeds in five other families
Authors: QU XIAOXIA , BASKIN JERRY M. , BASKIN CAROL C. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract Sicyos is the only member of the Cucurbitaceae known to have water‐impermeable seeds, that is, physical dormancy (PY), and development of seeds with PY has not been studied in detail in this family. Our primary aim was to describe seed development in Sicyos angulatus from pollination to seed maturity and to compare it with the development of water‐impermeable seeds in other families reported in the literature. Full seed stage (highest moisture content [MC]) occurred 4–6 days after pollination (DAP) and physiological maturity occurred 20 DAP. Seeds became water impermeable 32 DAP, with 14.6% MC. The hilum was the site of water loss during the final stage of maturation drying. Excised embryos could germinate from 20 DAP to 36 DAP, whereas no intact seeds germinated during any stage of seed development. Mechanical scarification did not promote germination of seeds after the seed coat became water impermeable at 32–36 DAP. Based on a previous study of seed dormancy and germination in S. angulatus, we suggest that germination in these scarified seeds may have been prevented by resistance of inner membrane and fruit‐seed coat to embryo expansion. The MC when seeds became impermeable (14.6%) is in the range of that reported for seeds of species in five other families with PY. Information on seed development in S. angulatus will be useful in planning the timing of management strategies for this pernicious annual weed.
Fluctuating asymmetry of floral organ traits in natural populations ofIris pumilafrom contrasting light habitats
Authors: TUCIĆ BRANKA , MILJKOVIĆ DANIJELA 
Published: September 2010

AbstractFluctuating asymmetry (FA), the subtle, random difference between the left and right side of bilateral structures, has often been used as a tool for evaluating developmental instability (DI) in natural populations subjected to environmental stresses. A general assumption underlying these studies is that the level of DI should increase with stress intensity. We examined the level of floral FA in six natural populations ofIris pumilaexperiencing sun‐exposed (more stressful) and shaded (less stressful) environmental conditions. We used two single‐trait indices (size‐dependent FA1 and size‐scaled FA8a) and one multi‐trait index (FA17) to assess the FA levels in three floral traits: fall width, standard width and style branch width. Although floral FA was present in all FAs and appeared to be greater in plants from full sunlight than in those beneath vegetation canopy, only the FA17 index detected a significant FA–stress association. Although the FA1 index had no statistical power to reveal differences in the floral FA at any of the hierarchical levels studied, between alternative light habitats, among populations from comparable environmental conditions, among individual clones within each population or between different floral organs of a single flower, the FA8a index detected significant between‐trait variation in the degree of floral FA within the sameIrisindividuals.
Odor‐guided bee pollinators of two endangered winter/early spring blooming orchids, Cymbidium kanran and Cymbidium goeringii, in Japan
Authors: TSUJI KAORU , KATO MAKOTO 
Published: September 2010

AbstractWe detected the pollinators of two endangered orchid species, Cymbidium kanran and Cymbidium goeringii, in their natural habitats. Cymbidium kanran blooms in early winter and the fragrant nectarless flowers were exclusively visited and pollinated by workers of the Japanese honeybee (Apis cerana japonica). The pollination system seems deceptive and contrasts with the honeybee drone pollination system observed in Cymbidium floribundum. Cymbidium goeringii blooms in early spring, and the faintly fragrant, nectarless flowers were visited and pollinated by males of Anthophora plumipes villosula, suggesting that the labellar papillae of the orchid flowers may be a reward for the bees.