bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Setting a new standard: Updating the vaginal distention translational model for stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Boncher Nicholas , Vricella Gino , Kavran Michael , Xiao Nan , Hijaz Adonis 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsThe vaginal distention (VD) translational model for postpartum stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is potentially biased for use in evaluating animals with increasing phenotypic size (obesity) due to a fixed VD volume. Our study had three principle and two secondary aims. First, to examine both ex vivo and in vivo catheter pressure changes during volume distention. Secondly, to determine mean pressure at current volume standard for use as target pressure (TP) for VD under isobaric (IB) conditions. Thirdly, to demonstrate feasibility and equivalence of VD at TP versus isovolumetric (IV) standard. Secondary aims were to demonstrate decreased variability (IB vs. IV) and to review the effect of weight.MethodsTen French modified Foley catheters were inflated sequentially to 3.0 ml while connected (both in vivo and ex vivo) to a pressure transducer. Mean result generated TP. Thirty Sprague–Dawley rats (280–300 g) were then randomized to one of three groups: IV, IB at TP, or sham VD. Student's t‐test was used to compare groups' leak point pressures (LPP) and simple linear regression was used to evaluate the effect of weight as a continuous variable.ResultsCatheter pressure/volume responses were demonstrated. Calculated TP was 531 mm Hg. LPP under conditions of IB and IV were statistically equivalent and were statistically lower than Sham. Variability was not statistically different between IB and IV groups. When treated as a continuous variable, weight had no effect on LPP.ConclusionsVD injury based on TP is feasible and reproducible. Understanding catheter pressure dynamics is valuable for investigating alternative rat phenotypes. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:190–194, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expression of genes encoding smooth muscle contractile proteins in vaginal tissue of women with and without pelvic organ prolapse
Authors: Bortolini Maria A.T. , Shynlova Oksana , Drutz Harold P. , Castro Rodrigo A. , Girão Manoel J.B.C. , Lye Stephen , Alarab May 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsWe hypothesize that the expression of genes encoding vaginal smooth muscle (SM) contractile proteins is altered in patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and is influenced by age and menopausal status. We aim to analyze the expression of SM‐myosin heavy chain (MHY11), caldesmon (CALD1), SM gamma‐actin (ACTG2), and tropomyosin (TPM1), in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with advanced POP and asymptomatic controls.MethodsDuring total hysterectomy we collected anterior vaginal wall biopsy samples from 55 women, 37 premenopausal (23 patients and 14 controls), and 18 postmenopausal women (13 patients and 5 controls). Total mRNA from the tissues was quantified by real‐time RT‐PCR.ResultsMHY11 gene expression was down‐regulated in premenopausal POP patients compared to premenopausal controls (fivefold, P = 0.002). In the postmenopausal groups, we observed a sixfold increase in the CALD1 gene expression in POP patients compared to asymptomatic controls (P = 0.03). The gene expression of CALD1, ACTG2, and TPM1 was significantly down‐regulated in vaginal tissue of healthy women after menopause (P < 0.05).ConclusionDysregulation of the vaginal SM content in POP patients involves alteration of different cellular pathways according to age and menopausal status. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:109–114, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Is Barthel index a relevant measure for measuring prevalence of urinary incontinence in stroke patients?
Authors: Tibaek Sigrid , Dehlendorff Christian 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsTo compare the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) measured by Barthel Index and the Danish Prostate Symptom Score (DAN‐PSS‐1) questionnaire in stroke patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional, hospital based survey was initiated whereby 407 stroke patients, average age 67 (SD 12) years with a mean interval of 101 days since onset of last stroke at inclusion. The stroke patients self‐reported the prevalence of UI by Barthel Index and the DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire.ResultsThe prevalence of UI was 10.5% measured by the Barthel Index and 49% by the DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire. Furthermore, the DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire distinguished between types of UI (38% urge UI, 28% stress UI, and 14% other UI). There were significantly fewer stroke patients who reported UI by the Barthel Index compared to the DAN‐PSS questionnaire in term of urge UI (P < 0.001), stress UI (P < 0.001), and other UI (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results showed that DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire contains more specific UI information compared to the Barthel Index. Fewer stroke patients reported UI by the Barthel Index compared to the DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire and moreover the DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire enables identification of different UI‐types. The Barthel Index is not sensitive to the UI prevalence; instead the authors suggest using a more specific instrument such as the DAN‐PSS‐1 questionnaire. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:44–49, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effects of TRPV4 cation channel activation on the primary bladder afferent activities of the rat
Authors: Aizawa Naoki , Wyndaele Jean‐Jacques , Homma Yukio , Igawa Yasuhiko 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsTransient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) may affect afferent pathways innervating the bladder. We investigated the effects of GSK1016790A (GSK) and RN1734, a TRPV4 agonist and antagonist, respectively, and P2X‐purinoceptor antagonists (TNP‐ATP and PPADS) on cystometry (CMG), and the effect of GSK on single afferent fiber activities (SAAs) of the rat bladder and its relationship with capsaicin (Cap)‐sensitivity.MethodsConscious female Sprague–Dawley rats were used for CMG measurements. In SAA measurements, under urethane anesthesia, SAA was identified by electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerve and by bladder distention. Cystometric parameters were measured before and after intravesical drug instillation. In SAA measurements, response with saline instillation served as baseline. Then, GSK was instilled three times, and finally Cap was instilled to investigate the relationship with Cap‐sensitivity.ResultsIntravesical GSK‐instillation transiently decreased bladder capacity and voided volume, which were counteracted by RN1734, TNP‐ATP, and PPADS. In SAA measurements, Aδ‐fibers (n = 7) were not affected by either GSK or Cap. Based on the Cap‐sensitivity, C‐fibers could be divided into two subtypes: Cap‐insensitive (n = 14) and Cap‐sensitive (n = 8). In the Cap‐insensitive C‐fibers, GSK significantly increased the SAAs during the first instillation, but the increase attenuated with time, whereas GSK did not significantly affect the Cap‐sensitive C‐fibers.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that activation of TRPV4 in the bladder, probably urothelium, facilitates the micturition reflex by activation of the mechanosensitive, Cap‐insensitive C‐fibers of the primary bladder afferents in rats. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:148–155, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rectal balloon training as add‐on therapy to pelvic floor muscle training in adults with fecal incontinence: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bols Esther , Berghmans Bary , de Bie Rob , Govaert Bas , van Wunnik Bart , Heymans Martijn , Hendriks Erik , Baeten Cor 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsFecal incontinence (FI) is embarrassing, resulting in poor quality of life. Rectal sensation may be more important than sphincter strength to relieve symptoms. A single‐blind, randomized controlled trial among adults with FI compared the effectiveness of rectal balloon training (RBT) and pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) versus PFMT alone.MethodsWe randomized 80 patients, recruited from the Maastricht University Medical Centre. Primary outcome was based on the Vaizey score. Secondary outcomes were the Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Scale (FIQL), 9‐point global perceived effect (GPE) score, anorectal manometry, rectal distension volumes, and thresholds of anorectal sensation. Analyses were by intention‐to‐treat.ResultsForty patients were assigned to combined RBT with PFMT and 40 to PFMT alone. Adding RBT did not result in a significant improvement in the Vaizey score [mean difference: −1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI): −3.79 to 1.42; P = 0.37]. Secondary outcomes favoring RBT were: Lifestyle subscale of the FIQL (0.37; 95% CI: 0.02–0.73; P = 0.04), GPE (−1.01; 95% CI: −1.75 to −0.27; P = 0.008), maximum tolerable volume (49.35; 95% CI: 13.26–85.44; P = 0.009), and external anal sphincter fatigue (0.65; 95% CI: 0.26–1.04; P = 0.001). Overall, 50% of patients were considered improved according to the estimated minimally important change (Vaizey change ≥−5).ConclusionsRBT with PFMT was equally effective as PFMT alone. Secondary outcomes show beneficial effects of RBT on urgency control, GPE, and lifestyle adaptations. Characteristics of patients who benefit most from RBT remain to be confirmed. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:132–138, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bladder mechanoreceptor changes after artificial bladder outlet obstruction in the anesthetized rat
Authors: Zeng Jianwen , Xie Keji , Jiang Chonghe , Mo Jianfeng , Lindström Sivert 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsExperimental animal models of bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) have reproduced several features of BOO in man, i.e., detrusor hypertrophy, instability, frequency, and residual urine. This study was focused on the mechanisms underlying the development of residual urine in patient with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by examining changes in tension sensitivity of bladder mechanoreceptors in rat model.MethodsFemale adult Sprague‐Dawley rats including 12 BOO and 17 sham operated rats were used in this study. Cystometrograms together with the bladder afferent activity were recorded. Tension sensitivity of the afferents was determined by plotting the normalized afferent response against the contraction evoked bladder pressure at different volumes. Degree of obstruction was assessed by the wet weight of the bladder at the end of the experiment.ResultsThe bladder weight, maximal bladder capacity, micturition threshold volume, peak contraction force, and volume at peak contraction force were all significantly increased in obstructed animals. The threshold volume for afferent activation was increased (mean 0.60 ml compared to 0.15 ml in controls; P < 0.001), positively correlated with the bladder weight (r = 0.74). The tension sensitivity of the bladder mechanoreceptors and the slope of their normalized pressure‐response functions were significantly lower at the comparable volumes in the obstructed animals.ConclusionsRats with BOO had bladder mechanoreceptors with higher threshold volumes and lower tension sensitivity. Such changes would result in a weaker afferent drive of the micturition reflex. Similar changes may contribute to the development of residual urine and retention in patients with BOO. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:178–184, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Results availability from clinical research of female urinary incontinence
Authors: Shamliyan Tatyana A. , Kane Robert L. , Wyman Jean , Sainfort Francois 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsTo ascertain possible publication bias by examining the completeness and publication of studies on nonsurgical treatments for female urinary incontinence (UI).MethodsWe analyzed information about studies from several trial registries through May 2010. We searched Medline using study registration identifiers to determine publication status, and compared percentages of completed and published studies by study and subject characteristics.ResultsAmong the 166 closed studies, we found 120 completed (73%), 12 terminated (7%), 3 withdrawn (2%), and 4 (2%) that provided no reasons for noncompletion. Only 17% of closed registered studies (28/166 studies) were published in peer‐reviewed journals; publication that did occur was an average of 2.2 years after study completion. The proportion of studies published did not increase over time. Studies sponsored by industry were published less often than those funded by NIH (OR = 0.04; 95%CI: 0.004–0.38). Drug studies were published less often than studies of other interventions (OR = 0.22; 95%CI: 0.05–0.96). Of the 166 closed studies, 7 (4%) posted results on the ClinicalTrials.gov website. Of Phases III and IV trials, 7% and 3% posted results, respectively.ConclusionsThe absence of results from a substantial proportion of conducted studies suggests that treatment decisions for women with UI are based on selected rather than comprehensive evidence of benefits and harms. Regulatory policy for clinical research should guarantee availability of the outcomes for the public, clinicians, and policymakers. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:22–29, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tamsulosin reduces nighttime urine production in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients with nocturnal polyuria: A prospective open‐label long‐term study using frequency–volume chart
Authors: Kojima Yoshiyuki , Sasaki Shoichi , Imura Makoto , Kubota Yasue , Hayashi Yutaro , Kohri Kenjiro 
Published: October 2011

AbstractAimsThe effects of tamsulosin treatment on changes in frequency–volume chart (FVC) data, especially nighttime urine production, over time were assessed, and the mechanisms underlying the improvement of nocturia in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients with nocturnal polyuria (NP) are discussed.MethodsA total of 104 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to BPH were enrolled. After enrollment in the study, the patients were treated with tamsulosin (0.2 mg) once daily. Visits were scheduled every 4 weeks until week 12 (month 3) after study entry, and then every 12 weeks subsequently. All patients completed the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QOL) index, and 3‐day FVC, and underwent uroflowmetry at enrollment and on each visit.ResultsEighty‐two patients (mean age: 70.9 ± 7.1 years) were analyzed for 24 months after treatment. Patients were divided into two groups, NP and nonNP, based on FVC outcome. The IPSS, QOL index, and maximum flow rate improved during the 24‐month period after treatment in both groups. Mean daytime urine volume significantly increased in the NP group, but no changes were detected in the nonNP group. Mean nighttime urine frequency significantly decreased in the NP group over a 24‐month period, and was associated with a significant decrease in nighttime urine volume that was not found in the nonNP group. Maximum voided volume increased most months after treatment in both groups.ConclusionsThe present long‐term prospective study using FVC demonstrated that tamsulosin reduced nighttime urine production in BPH patients with NP. Neurourol. Urodynam. 31:80–85, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Polynomial‐time algorithms for solving a class of critical node problems on trees and series‐parallel graphs
Authors: Shen Siqian , Smith J. Cole 
Published: October 2011

AbstractWe examine variants of the critical node problem on specially structured graphs, which aim to identify a subset of nodes whose removal will maximally disconnect the graph. These problems lie at the intersection of network interdiction and graph theory research and are relevant to several practical optimization problems. The two different connectivity metrics that we consider regard the number of maximal connected components (which we attempt to maximize) and the largest component size (which we attempt to minimize). We develop optimal polynomial‐time dynamic programming algorithms for solving these problems on tree structures and on series‐parallel graphs, corresponding to each graph‐connectivity metric. We also extend our discussion by considering node deletion costs, node weights, and solving the problems on generalizations of tree structures. Finally, we demonstrate the computational efficacy of our approach on randomly generated graph instances. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. NETWORKS, 2012
In vitro sensitivity to dasatinib in lymphoblasts from a patient with t(17;19)(q22;p13) gene rearrangement pre‐B acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Glover Jason M. , Loriaux Marc , Tyner Jeffrey W. , Druker Brian J. , Chang Bill H. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractPatients with t(17;19) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have a dismal prognosis even with the most intensive current therapies that include stem cell transplant. We present the case of a patient with t(17;19)(q22;p13) gene rearranged B‐cell precursor ALL whose lymphoblasts were found to have significant in vitro sensitivity to dasatinib. The patient tolerated the addition of dasatinib with combination therapy and remained in remission for over nine months until his recurrence. Therefore, future studies will be needed to interrogate whether dasatinib has any therapeutic benefit in children with t(17;19) B‐cell precursor ALL. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012;59:576–579. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Systematic review of psychosocial morbidities among bereaved parents of children with cancer
Authors: Rosenberg Abby R. , Baker K. Scott , Syrjala Karen , Wolfe Joanne 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe objective of this review was to comprehensively summarize existing studies utilizing validated instruments to measure psychosocial outcomes among bereaved parents of children with cancer. This population has increased risks of anxiety, depression, prolonged grief, and poor quality of life. Parental morbidity is associated with psychiatric co‐morbidities, prior loss, economic hardship, duration, and intensity of child's cancer‐therapy, perceptions of medical care, child's quality of life, preparedness for and location of the child's death. Rigorous, prospective research is needed to identify risk‐groups, define outcomes, and design interventions which will improve parental outcomes after the death of a child due to cancer. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2012; 58: 503–512. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proteomic analysis of Col11a1‐associated protein complexes
Authors: Brown Raquel J. , Mallory Christopher , McDougal Owen M. , Oxford Julia Thom 
Published: October 2011

AbstractCartilage plays an essential role during skeletal development within the growth plate and in articular joint function. Interactions between the collagen fibrils and other extracellular matrix molecules maintain structural integrity of cartilage, orchestrate complex dynamic events during embryonic development, and help to regulate fibrillogenesis. To increase our understanding of these events, affinity chromatography and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify proteins that interact with the collagen fibril surface via the amino terminal domain of collagen α1(XI) a protein domain that is displayed at the surface of heterotypic collagen fibrils of cartilage. Proteins extracted from fetal bovine cartilage using homogenization in high ionic strength buffer were selected based on affinity for the amino terminal noncollagenous domain of collagen α1(XI). MS was used to determine the amino acid sequence of tryptic fragments for protein identification. Extracellular matrix molecules and cellular proteins that were identified as interacting with the amino terminal domain of collagen α1(XI) directly or indirectly, included proteoglycans, collagens, and matricellular molecules, some of which also play a role in fibrillogenesis, while others are known to function in the maintenance of tissue integrity. Characterization of these molecular interactions will provide a more thorough understanding of how the extracellular matrix molecules of cartilage interact and what role collagen XI plays in the process of fibrillogenesis and maintenance of tissue integrity. Such information will aid tissue engineering and cartilage regeneration efforts to treat cartilage tissue damage and degeneration.
A statistical selection strategy for normalization procedures in LC‐MS proteomics experiments through dataset‐dependent ranking of normalization scaling factors
Authors: Webb‐Robertson Bobbie‐Jo M. , Matzke Melissa M. , Jacobs Jon M. , Pounds Joel G. , Waters Katrina M. 
Published: October 2011

AbstractQuantification of LC‐MS peak intensities assigned during peptide identification in a typical comparative proteomics experiment will deviate from run‐to‐run of the instrument due to both technical and biological variation. Thus, normalization of peak intensities across an LC‐MS proteomics dataset is a fundamental step in pre‐processing. However, the downstream analysis of LC‐MS proteomics data can be dramatically affected by the normalization method selected. Current normalization procedures for LC‐MS proteomics data are presented in the context of normalization values derived from subsets of the full collection of identified peptides. The distribution of these normalization values is unknown a priori. If they are not independent from the biological factors associated with the experiment the normalization process can introduce bias into the data, possibly affecting downstream statistical biomarker discovery. We present a novel approach to evaluate normalization strategies, which includes the peptide selection component associated with the derivation of normalization values. Our approach evaluates the effect of normalization on the between‐group variance structure in order to identify the most appropriate normalization methods that improve the structure of the data without introducing bias into the normalized peak intensities.
A Detailed investigation of the experimental conditions for the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer‐mediated copolymerization of acrylonitrile and butadiene
Authors: Dürr Christoph J. , Emmerling Sebastian G. J. , Kaiser Andreas , Brandau Sven , Habicht Axel K. T. , Klimpel Michael , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher 
Published: October 2011

AbstractThe synthesis of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubbers (NBRs) via trithiocarbonate‐mediated reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of acrylonitrile (ACN) and 1,3‐butadiene (BD) in solution under azeotropic conditions (38/62) was investigated for a broad range of common solvents: N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc), chlorobenzene, 1,4‐dioxane, tert‐butanol, isobutyronitrile, toluene, trimethylacetonitrile, dimethyl carbonate, acetonitrile, methyl acetate, acetone, and tert‐butyl methyl ether. The gravimetrically determined conversions for the free radical polymerizations of ACN/BD after 22 h at 100 °C were in the range of 15% for methyl acetate to 35% for DMAc. The origin of the differences in conversion is attributed to the unequal decomposition behavior of the employed azo initiator 2,2′‐azobis(N‐butyl‐2‐methylpropionamide) (1) in the solvents under investigation, as determined by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. Relative decomposition of 1 in solution (0.1 mol L−1) at 100 °C was calculated from the UV–vis spectra for selected solvents. 90% of 1 in DMAc was decomposed after 22 h, 83% in tert‐butanol, 57% in 1,4‐dioxane, 53% in isobutyronitrile, 45% in chlorobenzene, and 21% in toluene. The evolution of molecular weight with conversion using the initiator 1 was in accordance with the theoretically expected values, regardless of the solvent studied. Moreover, the RAFT‐mediated copolymerization of ACN/BD in DMAc with azo initiators 1, 1‐[(1‐cyano‐1‐methylethyl)azo]formamide (2) and 1,1′‐azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile) (3) was investigated. A strong deviation from the linear evolution of molecular weight due to a fast decomposition of these initiators – congruent with high primary radical delivery rates – at the selected temperature was observed when using 2 and 3. The deviation was not observed when using 1. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2012