bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of woodchuck apolipoprotein A‐I: A new tool for drug delivery and identification of altered isoforms in the woodchuck chronic hepatitis model
Authors: Fioravanti Jessica , Gomar Celia , Medina‐Echeverz José , Otano Itziar , Benito Alberto , Prieto Jesús , González‐Aseguinolaza Gloria , Berraondo Pedro 
Published: April 2011

AbstractApolipoprotein A‐I (ApoA‐I) is the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL) particles in serum, and participates in the reverse transport of cholesterol from tissues to the liver for excretion. The natural HDL tropism to the liver and cancer cells has been used extensively to target encapsulated drugs. The alteration of the plasmatic isoforms of ApoA‐I is a hallmark of chronic hepatitis and hepatocarcinoma in mice and humans. Woodchucks infected with the woodchuck hepatitis virus (WHV) represent the best animal model for the study of chronic viral hepatitis B and viral induced hepatocarcinoma (HCC). WHV‐infected woodchuck represents a clinically relevant animal model under which new treatment strategies can be evaluated and optimized. Therapeutic efficacy in this model is likely to be translated into a successful therapy for patients infected with HBV. The present study describes, for the first time, the cloning and characterization of woodchuck ApoA‐I. The open reading frame (ORF) of the woodchuck ApoA‐I is 795 bp long, coding for 264 amino acids. Unexpectedly, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the closest sequences are those of human and macaque. Woodchuck HDLs were isolated successfully from sera by density gradient ultracentrifugation. A commercial antibody that recognized the woodchuck ApoA‐I was also identified. Finally, taking advantage of the techniques and tools developed in this study, two potential applications of woodchuck HDLs are illustrated: drug delivery to a woodchuck hepatocarcinoma cell line and the use of isoelectrofocusing to identify ApoA‐I isoforms. J. Med. Virol. 83:1221–1229, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Short‐term responses of birds to prescribed fire in fire‐suppressed forests of California
Authors: Bagne Karen E. , Purcell Kathryn L. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractPrescribed fire is one tool for restoring fire‐suppressed forests, but application of fire during spring coincides with breeding and arrival of migrant birds. We examined effects of low‐severity prescribed fires on counts of birds in a managed forest in the Sierra Nevada of California immediately, 1 year, and 3–6 years after fire was applied in spring. Of 26 species analyzed, counts of 3 species increased after fire (Pacific‐slope flycatcher [Empidonax difficilis], brown creeper [Certhia americana], and American robin [Turdus migratorius]), and 6 species decreased after fire (Anna's hummingbird [Calypte anna], Hutton's vireo [Vireo huttoni], warbling vireo [Vireo gilvus], golden‐crowned kinglet [Regulus satrapa], Nashville warbler [Vermivora ruficapilla], hermit warbler [Dendroica occidentalis]). Black‐throated gray warbler (Dendroica nigrescens) increased in the first year following fire but decreased 3–6 years after fire. When grouped into guilds, habitat association and foraging guild best explained responses to fire, with the greatest changes occurring for oak‐associated species (negative), riparian‐associated species (positive), aerial foragers (positive), and bark foragers (positive). Lastly, when we compared our counts to those collected during the 1910s, changes were consistent with those predicted from fire suppression and species' affinity for burned forests, suggesting that results from contemporary fire studies should be interpreted within an ecological context that includes effects of fire suppression. We found that low‐severity prescribed fires applied in spring served to drive the bird community towards pre‐suppression conditions. © 2011 The Wildlife Society.
Broccoli‐derived phytochemicals indole‐3‐carbinol and 3,3′‐diindolylmethane exerts concentration‐dependent pleiotropic effects on prostate cancer cells: Comparison with other cancer preventive phytochemicals
Authors: Wang Thomas T.Y. , Schoene Norberta W. , Milner John A. , Kim Young S. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn the present studies, we utilized prostate cancer cell culture models to elucidate the mechanisms of action of broccoli‐derived phytochemicals 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM) and indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C). We found DIM and I3C at 1–5 µM inhibited androgen and estrogen‐mediated pathways and induced xenobiotic metabolism pathway. By contrast, DIM and I3C induced cyclin inhibitors, indicators of stress/DNA damage, only at ≥25 µM. We also demonstrated that an inhibitory effect of DIM and I3C on cell growth involves inhibition of insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor expression. More importantly, we showed that differences in efficacies and mechanisms existed between DIM and I3C. These included differences in effective concentrations, a differential effect on androgen receptor binding, and a differential effect on xenobiotic metabolic pathway through aryl hydrocarbon receptor‐dependent and ‐independent mechanism. Furthermore we determined that several other diet‐derived cancer protective compounds, similar to DIM and I3C, exhibited pleiotrophic effects on signaling pathways that included proliferation, cell cycle, and nuclear receptors‐mediated pathways. However, the efficacies and mechanisms of these compounds vary. We also showed that some cellular pathways are not likely to be affected by DIM or I3C when circulating concentration of orally ingested DIM or I3C is considered. Based on our results, a model for cancer protective effects of DIM and I3C was proposed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rhodiola rosea extracts and salidroside decrease the growth of bladder cancer cell lines via inhibition of the mTOR pathway and induction of autophagy
Authors: Liu Zhongbo , Li Xuesen , Simoneau Anne R. , Jafari Mahtab , Zi Xiaolin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThe incidence of human urinary bladder cancer increases markedly with age, suggesting a mechanistic connection between aging and bladder carcinogenesis and a potential use of anti‐aging agents in bladder cancer chemoprevention. Rhodiola rosea, growing in high altitude or cold regions of the world, has been reported to have anti‐aging effects in Drosophila. We demonstrated that a R. rosea extract and one of its bioactive components, salidroside, inhibited the growth of bladder cancer cell lines with a minimal effect on nonmalignant bladder epithelial cells TEU‐2. Interestingly, the R. rosea extract and salidroside component exhibited a selective ability to inhibit the growth of p53 knockout primary mouse embryo fibroblasts (p53−/− MEFs) compared to their wild‐type counterparts. The growth inhibitory effects of the R. rosea extract and salidroside were, however, attenuated in TSC2 and p53 double knock MEFs (TSC2−/−, p53−/− MEFs), suggesting that TSC2 protein is, at least in part, required for the growth inhibitory effects of the R. rosea extract and salidroside. The R. rosea extract and salidroside treatment of UMUC3 cells resulted in an increase of AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)‐α phosphorylation and a decrease of 4E‐BP1 phosphorylation, leading to increased binding of 4E‐BP1 to m7 GTP. These results indicate that the R. rosea extract and salidroside inhibit translation initiation. Furthermore, both the R. rosea extract and salidroside treatment of UMUC3 cells caused a significant percentage of cells undergoing autophagy. Therefore, the R. rosea extract and salidroside deserve further study as novel agents for chemoprevention of bladder carcinogenesis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxinA (NT 201, Xeomin) in the treatment of blepharospasm—A randomized trial
Authors: Jankovic Joseph , Comella Cynthia , Hanschmann Angelika , Grafe Susanne 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIncobotulinumtoxinA (NT 201, Xeomin) is a highly purified botulinum neurotoxin type A formulation, free from complexing proteins. A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial of efficacy and safety compared incobotulinumtoxinA (up to 50 U per eye) to placebo administered in a single treatment session to patients with blepharospasm. All patients had documented satisfactory response to 2 previous treatments with botulinum neurotoxin type A other than incobotulinumtoxinA and had Jankovic Rating Scale severity subscores ≥ 2. Patients (n = 109) were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to incobotulinumtoxinA or placebo and followed up to 20 weeks; 94% completed the study. A significant difference was observed in the primary efficacy variable (change in Jankovic Rating Scale severity subscore rated by an independent rater 6 weeks following treatment), favoring incobotulinumtoxinA by 1.0 point (95% CI [0.5–1.4]; P < .001). Functional impairment, as measured by the Blepharospasm Disability Index, improved by 0.5 points (95% CI [0.2–0.7]; P = .002) compared with placebo. There was a strong correlation between the 2 scale scores. In addition, all secondary outcome measures favored incobotulinumtoxinA. Patients rated the mean therapeutic effect of incobotulinumtoxinA significantly better than placebo (P < .001). Adverse events were reported in 70.3% of incobotulinumtoxinA patients and 58.8% of placebo patients. Eyelid ptosis (18.9% vs 5.9%), dry eye (18.9% vs 11.8%), and dry mouth (14.9% vs 2.9%) occurred most frequently. Tolerability was rated good/very good by 91.9% of incobotulinumtoxinA versus in 85.2% of placebo patients. In conclusion, incobotulinumtoxinA was well tolerated and was associated with statistically significant and clinically relevant reductions in blepharospasm severity and functional impairment. © 2011 Movement Disorder Society
A mechanism to electrically enlarge the ground plane of handset antennas: A bandwidth enhancement technique
Authors: Anguera Jaume , Andújar Aurora , Puente Carles 
Published: April 2011

AbstractThere is a need of developing new techniques for enhancing the bandwidth of handset antennas without increasing the antenna volume in order to incorporate more frequency bands into the cell phones. The technique to enhance the bandwidth proposed herein consists in adding a conductive strip connected to the ground plane at the opposite edge of the handset antenna location. Conductive strip tunes the ground plane mode to effectively improve the bandwidth at the low frequency region (∼900 MHz) while keeping the same antenna volume. An electrical model is used to give an insight into the behavior concluding that the conductive strip is a useful mechanism to improve the bandwidth. The model demonstrates that the length of the conductive strip can be reduced by inductive or dielectric loading, as well as by reducing its height. Simulations and measurements show how the conductive strip excites the resonance of the ground plane mode improving the bandwidth and validating the electrical model predictions. The proposed technique is applied to a dual‐band (900–1800 MHz) planar inverted F‐antenna providing a measured bandwidth enhancement of 1.6 times when using the strip at the low frequency region while keeping the same performance at the high frequency region (∼1800 MHz). © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26027
CMOS 45‐nm 3D metal‐oxide‐metal capacitors for millimeter wave applications
Authors: Quémerais Thomas , Moquillon Laurence , Benech Philippe , Fournier Jean‐Michel , Pruvost Sébastien 
Published: April 2011

AbstractNovel 3D metal‐oxide‐metal capacitors for 60 GHz applications in a CMOS 45 nm process are proposed. Relatively high capacitances density of 3 fF/μm2 and quality factors from 3.2 to 10.2 at 60 GHz are measured. The study is validated up to 110 GHz for different capacitance values. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26029
A novel X‐band broadband bandstop filter with sharp cut‐off frequency using EBG dual‐ear structures
Authors: Huang J.‐M. , Zhu H. Z. , Han K. , Guo H. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA novel X‐band broadband bandstop filter (BSF) with sharp cut off frequency is presented, using novel design of periodic electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) dual‐ear (DE) structures on coplanar waveguide (CPW) transmission line. An equivalent lumped circuit is introduced to model the BSF with EBG‐DE structures. The stopband of this filter is ranged within X‐band to have sharp selectivity and deep attenuation levels. The 3‐dB bandwidth of the BSF is 4.2 GHz, from 8.6 to 12.8 GHz and the center frequency is 11.5 GHz. The 20‐dB bandwidth is 2 GHz, from 9.9 to 11.9 GHz. In 20‐dB stop‐band range, the ripple of return loss is less than 0.05 dB.The proposal BSF is fabricated using the surface micromachining, and the measurement and simulation results coincided well. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26031
A compact class‐F/class‐C Doherty amplifier
Authors: Eccleston K. W. , Smith K. J. I. , Gough P. T. 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA Doherty amplifier is described in which odd harmonics from the class‐C peaking amplifier flow to the main amplifier to achieve class‐F operation, without the need for complicated space consuming harmonic control circuits. The measured efficiency exceeded 50% above the 6 dB back‐off. The measured second and third harmonic levels were below −19 dBc. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26035
A beam switching array antenna for direction‐of‐arrival applications
Authors: Liao Wen‐Jiao , Chang Shih‐Hsun , Liu Hsin‐Chin , Li Lung‐Kun , Hsieh Chih‐Yao , Yao Chia‐Chi 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this article, a beam‐switching array antenna system is devised to estimate the direction‐of‐arrival (DOA) of radio frequency (RF) signals.The array contains 16 patch antennas arranged as a uniform circular array. In operation, four adjacent antenna elements are connected to RF tuners via RF switches to create a directive beam. By reconfiguring the switch setups, a rotating beam is produced to cover the azimuth plane. The angle of an incoming RF signal is estimated by processing the received signal strengths from the 16 beam setups via the curve‐fitting technique. Through measurements, the error in incident angle is found less than 3° with a simple estimation method. As the array antenna system is implemented with a receiver made of software‐defined radio, DOA estimation with more accuracy and multiple source monitoring are possible with more complicated signal processing techniques. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26036
Frequency reconfigurable circularly polarized slot antennas with wide tuning range
Authors: Lee Tsung‐Yu , Row Jeen‐Sheen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractFrequency tunable annular‐ring slot antennas with circularly polarization (CP) operation are studied in this article. The annular‐ring slot antenna operates at one full‐wavelength resonant mode and it is excited by an L‐shaped coupling strip with a reactive loading. It is found that the operating frequency of the slot antenna can be tuned by varying the capacitance values of four capacitors, which are symmetrically placed along the circumference of the ring slot. Moreover, for each operating frequency in the tunable range, good CP performance can be obtained as long as the reactance of the loading is properly adjusted. Both measured and simulated results indicate the CP operating frequency of the proposed design can be tuned between 1.58 and 2.59 GHz. A prototype integrating with two varactor diodes is also implemented so that the CP operating frequency can be switched by controlling dc biases. Details of the antenna designs and measured results are presented and discussed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26041
Compact ultra‐wideband bandpass filter based on novel defected ground structure and folded coupled lines
Authors: Mou Jinchao , Yu Weihua , Lv Xin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA compact ultra‐wideband bandpass filter is presented. The proposed UWB filter consists of a couple of folded parallel lines and a low‐pass filter based on defected ground structure. Good bandpass performance and wide rejection characteristics can be achieved by this new structure. One prototype is fabricated to demonstrate the validity of the proposed strategies. The simulated and measured results indicated that the insertion loss is less than 1.5 dB between the 3.1 and 10.5 GHz with a sharp falling edge of 35 dB/GHz and its group delay is less than 0.5 ns in the pass band. The rejection is better than 20 dB from 12.5 to 25 GHz. The total size of the UWB BPF is 0.78 λg × 0.23 λg where λg is the guided wavelength at the center frequency of 7.4 GHz. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26045
Heterogeneous breast phantom for ultra wideband microwave imaging
Authors: Bakar Aslina Abu , Abbosh Amin , Sharpe Philip , Bialkowski M.E. , Wang Yifan 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWith the growing interest in the microwave imaging for early breast cancer detection, there is a need to develop an advance artificial breast phantom to emulate the interactions of electromagnetic waves with biological tissues. In this article, details of a realistically shaped heterogeneous breast phantom manufactured for the use in an ultra wideband microwave imaging system are presented. The developed phantom has electrical characteristics which are in good agreement with those of real breasts. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26046
Low phase‐noise planar oscillators using high‐Q SIW bandpass filter
Authors: Zhao Shiwei , Tang Zongxi , Dai Wei , Bao Lifen 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA low phase‐noise planar X‐band oscillator using high‐Q substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) bandpass filter within its feedback loop is presented.The SIW filter as a frequency stabilization element is used in planar oscillator, and the phase noise of oscillator is significantly reduced by the group‐delay peaks formed at the passband edges of the high‐Q SIW filter. A 9‐GHz oscillator using the optimized high‐Q SIW filter in the feedback loop is designed and tested. The measured phase noise of planar oscillator is 115.3 dBc/Hz at 100‐KHz offset frequency with 9.97‐dBm as output power. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26047
Design and fabrication of period interlaced ULPG that inhibit specific resonance peaks
Authors: Fan HongJian , Zhang WeiGang , Li XiaoLan , Wei ShiLei , Yan AiDong , Wang Kai 
Published: April 2011

AbstractWe present and realized a novel structure of ultra‐long‐period fiber gratings (ULPG), which can inhibit specific resonance peak selectively while the wavelength of other peaks rarely change. This compounded ULPG is similar in form to two uniform ULPG interlaced through parallel moving. Owing to the ratio moved equivalent, the peaks caused by 2nd, 3rd or 4th diffraction order will be intentionally inhibited. Experimental results has verified this novel structure and the transmission spectrum observed in experiment shows accordance with the theoretical analysis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26048
Broadband UHF RFID tag antenna with parasitic patches for metallic objects
Authors: Lai MingYin , Li RongLin 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA novel low‐profile broadband UHF RFID tag antenna with two parasitic patches is proposed.The tag antenna's bandwidth can be greatly enhanced by adding parasitic patches which are gap coupled to the driven patch for the excitation of additional resonant modes. The half‐power bandwidth of the proposed antenna covers all the UHF RFID frequency bands, and the power reflection coefficient is lower than −7dB in the UHF RFID frequency bands (840–960 MHz). The proposed antenna can be easily fabricated at low cost by etching at a thin inexpensive FR4 substrate. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26049
Polymer waveguide delay device using right‐angle X junctions
Authors: Yi Yunji , Chen Changming , Zhao Pengcheng , Ma Chunsheng , Wang Fei , Zhang Daming 
Published: April 2011

AbstractA four‐channels polymer waveguide delay device is demonstrated and fabricated using direct ultra‐violet photolithography process. The device is composed of right‐angle junctions and bending waveguide. The optimized structural properties of the device and fabrication procedures are demonstrated. The loss of bending waveguides and right‐angle X junction is calculated. The near‐infrared field guided‐mode patterns of the devices are obtained. Each incoming radio‐frequency signal can be independently received. Measured delays are 0, 60.9, 121.9, and 182.9 ps. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26050
Quadruple‐mode broadband BPF with sharp skirt and wide upper‐stopband performance
Authors: Deng Hong‐Wei , Zhao Yong‐Jiu , Zhang Lu , Zhang Xue‐Shun , Qiang Li 
Published: April 2011

AbstractIn this article, a broadband bandpass filter (BPF) with sharp skirt and wide upper‐stopband performance is proposed using the quadruple‐mode stub‐loaded resonator.The resonator formed by attaching three stepped‐impedance open stubs to high impedance microstrip line can generate two even‐mode resonant frequencies fm1 and fm3 and two odd‐mode ones fm2 and fm4 in the desired band. The fm2 can be approximately determined by the high impedance microstrip line. The open stub at the center plane can only control the even‐modes and two identical open stubs are mainly applied to adjust the resonant frequencies fm3 and fm4. Two transmission zeros are created near the cutoff frequencies by the open stub at the center plane and two interdigital coupling feeding lines, leading to sharp shirt. Two additional transmission zeros are generated in the upper‐stopband by two identical open stubs and two interdigital coupling feeding lines to suppress two main high harmonic resonant frequencies. A broadband filter prototype is simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results agree well with the electromagnetics (EM) simulations. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26051
Suppression of multiple mode instabilities in an erbium‐doped fiber laser by inserting a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Zhang Ailing 
Published: April 2011

AbstractMultiple mode instabilities in erbium‐doped fiber laser are undesirable due to the large amplitude noise in the laser. One scheme is proposed to suppress this kind of instabilities by inserting a highly nonlinear photonic crystal fiber in the ring cavity. The results show that the nonlinear effect not only eliminates the laser instability but also suppresses the noise in the laser. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett, 2011; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.26053