bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Silver‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Radical Cyclizations: Developments and Insights
Authors: Das Suven , Dutta Arpita 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTransition‐metal‐catalyzed decarboxylative cross‐coupling reaction provides a powerful method for the construction C−C, C−N, C−O bonds, which have great impact on synthetic chemistry. The use of silver salts as catalyst in decarboxylative reaction gradually increases because of their easy availability, low toxicity, biocompatibility and adequate stability. In fact, various radical cyclization reactions have been accomplished by exploiting single electron transfer (SET) ability of silver salts. The present review highlights recent advances (2015‐mid 2023) in the silver‐catalyzed decarboxylative radical cyclizations for the construction of cyclic molecular scaffolds. The content of the review is organized on the basis of decarboxylative reagents, such as, α‐keto acids, aliphatic/aromatic carboxylic acids, α,α‐difluoroacetic acids, amino acids, alkynyl carboxylic acids, oxamic acids and miscellaneous acids. Additionally, mechanistic insights of most of the reactions are highlighted for well understanding of the reaction mode.
Diabetes accelerates Alzheimer's disease progression in the first year post mild cognitive impairment diagnosis
Authors: Ding Xiahao , Yin Li , Zhang Lin , Zhang Yang , Zha Tianming , Zhang Wen , Gui Bo ,   Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDMild cognitive impairment (MCI) heightens Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, with diabetes mellitus (DM) potentially exacerbating this vulnerability. This study identifies the optimal intervention period and neurobiological targets in MCI to AD progression using the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative dataset.METHODSAnalysis of 980 MCI patients, categorized by DM status, used propensity score matching and inverse probability treatment weighting to assess rate of conversion from MCI to AD, neuroimaging, and cognitive changes.RESULTSDM significantly correlates with cognitive decline and an increased risk of progressing to AD, especially within the first year of MCI follow‐up. It adversely affects specific brain structures, notably accelerating nucleus accumbens atrophy, decreasing gray matter volume and sulcal depth.DISCUSSIONFindings suggest the first year after MCI diagnosis as the critical window for intervention. DM accelerates MCI‐to‐AD progression, targeting specific brain areas, underscoring the need for early therapeutic intervention.Highlights
Diabetes mellitus (DM) accelerates mild cognitive impairment (MCI)‐to‐Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression within the first year after MCI diagnosis.
DM leads to sharper cognitive decline within 12 months of follow‐up.
There is notable nucleus accumbens atrophy observed in MCI patients with DM.
DM causes significant reductions in gray matter volume and sulcal depth.
There are stronger correlations between cognitive decline and brain changes due to DM.
Light and Guest Responsive Behavior in a Porous Coordination Network Enabled by Reversible [2+2] Photocycloaddition
Authors: Gao Mei‐Yan , Liu Lunjie , Deng Chenghua , Bon Volodymyr , Song Bai‐Qiao , Yang Sihai , Schröder Martin , Kaskel Stefan , Zaworotko Michael J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStimuli‐responsive physisorbents that undergo reversible structural transformations induced by external stimuli (e.g. light, guests, or heat) offer the promise of utility in gas storage and separation. Whereas reports on guest or light‐responsive sorbents have increased in recent years, we are unaware of reports on sorbents that exhibit both light and guest‐induced structural transformations. Herein, we report that the square lattice, sql, topology coordination network Zn(fba)(bis) ⋅ 2DMF (sql‐5,6‐Zn‐α, 5=trans‐4,4′‐bis(1‐imidazolyl)stilbene=bis, 6=2,2‐bis(4‐carboxyphenyl)hexafluoropropane=H2fba) underwent single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformation (SCSC) upon activation, affording nonporous sql‐5,6‐Zn‐β. Parallel alignment at 3.23 Å of olefinic moieties on adjacent bis ligands in sql‐5,6‐Zn‐α enabled SCSC [2+2] photocycloaddition upon exposure to UV light (365 nm) or sunlight. sql‐5,6‐Zn‐α thereby transformed to mot‐5,6‐Zn‐α, which was subsequently activated to the narrow pore phase mot‐5,6‐Zn‐β. sql‐5,6‐Zn‐β and mot‐5,6‐Zn‐β both exhibited S‐shaped adsorption isotherms characteristic of guest‐induced structural changes when exposed to CO2 at 195 K (type‐F–IV and type F–I, respectively). Cycling experiments conducted upon sql‐5,6‐Zn‐β reduced particle size after cycle 1 and induced transformation into a rare example of a shape memory coordination network, sql‐5,6‐Zn‐γ. Insight into this smorgasbord of SCSC phase changes was gained from in situ PXRD, single crystal XRD and 1H NMR spectroscopy experiments.
Large strain mechanical behaviors of optically clear adhesives for flexible electronic devices under different temperature, humidity, and strain rates
Authors: Cao Jinrui , Es'haghioskui Abuzar , Sadeghzade Sorour , Li Yuanlong , Huang Zhaoyan , Li Xin , Dong Peng , Hu Jiayi , Hou Runsheng , Yuan Hongyan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractOptically clear adhesives (OCAs), a type of polymer pressure‐sensitive adhesive, are valued for their transparency, strong bonding, thermal stability, and reliability in flexible electronics. Accurately determining the mechanical properties of OCAs is importance for effectively assessing the structural integrity of foldable screens in finite element simulations. However, previous studies have primarily focused on small strain and conventional environmental conditions. To address this gap, the present study investigates the mechanical behaviors of OCAs under extreme conditions, including large strain (up to 1000%), high/low temperatures (−40, −20, 0, 25, 65, and 80°C), and high humidity (95% relative humidity). Specifically, the tensile, simple shear, and creep properties of OCAs have been assessed in an attempt to explore their visco‐hyperelastic behavior. The experimental findings indicate that OCA exhibits noticeable temperature sensitivity and viscoelasticity, along with volume‐incompressible properties. Notably, when the temperature is varied from −40 to 25°C and from 25 to 80°C, the modulus of OCA experiences an average reduction of 84% and 41% respectively. Moreover, it has been observed that humidity has a negligible effect on the material's modulus. The Yeoh model and Prony series are employed for fitting purposes. The proposed fitting parameters are subsequently validated through numerical simulations of three‐point bending case studies. Remarkably, the simulation results closely matched with the experimental data, with errors remaining below 10%.
Metabolite profiling of liquiritin in acute myocardial infarction model rat after intragastric administration using an information‐dependent acquisition‐mediated ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry method
Authors: Chen Jian , Li Jing , Wang Feng , Ge Ruirui , Wang Liang , Huang Jinling 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLiquiritin (LQ), a kind of flavonoid isolated from licorice, was proven to have great potential in treating heart failure. Pharmacokinetic evaluation is important for demonstrating clinical efficacy and mechanisms, and the prototype drug and its metabolite profiling are important for drug discovery and development. However, the metabolism of LQ in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model rats still needs to be studied in depth. An information‐dependent acquisition (IDA)‐ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐MS/MS) method was applied to profile LQ metabolites in AMI model rat plasma. Protein precipitation and extraction were used for sample preparation. Chromatographic separation was achieved using an XSelect BEH C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 2.5 μm) using gradient elution method combining 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile with a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. Twelve metabolites were identified in IDA mode, sulfation, glucuronidation, methylation, methyl esterification, glutamine conjugation, and valine conjugation, and their composite reactions were presumed as the primary pathways of LQ metabolism. The variation in the peak areas showed that the time to reach the peak drug concentration of LQ and 12 metabolites was within 5 h. In summary, IDA‐bridged UHPLC‐MS/MS from characteristic fragment ions toward confidence‐enhanced identification could effectively screen and profile metabolites.
DRL‐based computing offloading approach for large‐scale heterogeneous tasks in mobile edge computing
Authors: He Bingkun , Li Haokun , Chen Tong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn the last few years, the rapid advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the widespread adoption of smart cities have posed new challenges to computing services. Traditional cloud computing models fail to fulfil the rapid response requirement of latency‐sensitive applications, while mobile edge computing (MEC) improves service efficiency and customer experience by transferring computing tasks to servers located at the network edge. However, designing an effective computing offloading strategy in complex scenarios involving multiple computing tasks, nodes, and services remains a pressing issue. In this paper, a computing offloading approach based on Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) is proposed for large‐scale heterogeneous computing tasks. First, Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) is used to formulate computing offloading decision and resource allocation problems in large‐scale heterogeneous MEC systems. Subsequently, a comprehensive framework comprising the "end‐edge‐cloud" along with the corresponding time‐overhead and resource allocation models is constructed. Finally, through extensive experiments on real datasets, the proposed approach is demonstrated to outperform existing methods in enhancing service response speed, reducing latency, balancing server loads, and saving energy.
Triglyceride–glucose index and prognosis in individuals afflicted with heart failure and chronic kidney disease
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Shaomin , Yang Ke , Wu Bingyuan , Xie Dongmei , Peng Chaoquan , Lai Weiyan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index has demonstrated correlations with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with ischaemic stroke, coronary heart disease and cardiac failure. However, its association with overall mortality in individuals concurrently experiencing heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains inadequately explored.MethodsUtilizing the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (Version 2.2) repository, subjects underwent quartile stratification based on the TyG index. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality during hospitalization. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to examine the correlation between TyG and all‐cause mortality in HF patients with CKD. Evaluation involved Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis and restricted cubic splines (RCSs) to compare mortality rates during hospitalization and 1 year after admission across cohorts with varying TyG index levels.ResultsA cohort of 1537 HF and CKD patients participated. Cox regression analysis revealed elevated TyG levels as an independent risk factor for both in‐hospital and 1 year mortality. RCS analysis indicated a rising, non‐linear association between TyG levels and all‐cause mortality (P value for non‐linear <0.001). KM survival curves demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in survival rates within the high TyG index group compared with the low one (log‐rank P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe TyG index exhibited substantial independent prognostic value for elevated in‐hospital and 1 year all‐cause mortality among the cohort with HF and CKD. These findings suggest that assessing the TyG index could play a crucial role in developing novel therapeutic strategies to improve outcomes for this high‐risk demographic.
A double‐blind randomized clinical trial of inflammatory cytokine and pepsin levels in the saliva of patients with voice prostheses
Authors: Żurek Michał , Czesak Małgorzata , Czerwińska Monika E. , Berezovska Daria , Niemczyk Kazimierz , Rzepakowska Anna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundTracheoesophageal speech is one of the most effective method used for voice rehabilitation after laryngectomy. The main limitation is the need for periodic voice prothesis (VP) replacements. The process of developing VP usage complications is still unexplored. The aim of this study was to assess the level of cytokines (IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, TNFα) and pepsin in saliva as potential factors reducing VP longevity.MethodsProspective double‐blind randomized clinical trial was conducted (NCT04268459). Patients were randomly divided into two groups depending on VP replacement regimen (regular—every 3 months, or irregular—when complications occur). Levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, TNFα, and pepsin in saliva samples (fasting and after eating) of laryngectomized patients were measured using ELISA tests.ResultsFifty‐two patients (26 in both groups) with control group (7 patients) participated in the study. The level of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, IL‐10, TNFα, and pepsin did not differ according to regularity of VP replacements (p = 0.301–0.801). IL‐6 levels were significantly higher when VP complications occurs (p = 0.012).ConclusionsThe saliva components were not significantly different depending on the frequency of VP replacements. IL‐6 plays an important role in the development of VP use complications.
A Black autoethnography of grief and racial trauma during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Cox Michelle R. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBattling cancer of a spouse during a worldwide pandemic is a unique phenomenon. While the world experienced hardships such as stay‐at‐home orders, masking mandates, or the COVID‐19 infection, caregivers supported their loved ones who were diagnosed with terminal diseases. Racism compounded trauma as Black caregivers were not provided with the same level of respect and care for their loved ones during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Racial trauma is experienced by Black Americans, even during the pandemic and while grieving losses of loved ones. An autoethnographic approach draws upon my lived experience of racial trauma while caring for my dying husband during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This autoethnography informs the role of counselor education programs to prepare future counselors to support minoritized clients who may have suffered from systemic racism, while grieving the loss of loved ones, especially during the COVID‐19 pandemic, and which could also have contributed to racial trauma.
Preclinical comparison study of experimental peri‐implantitis between alveolar ridge preservation and spontaneous healing sites in infected and noninfected tooth: a randomized blinded in vivo study
Authors: Ko Young‐Chang , Lee Dongseob , Kwon Obin , Seol Yang‐Jo , Koo Ki‐Tae , Lee Yong‐Moo , Lee Jungwon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study compared the progression of experimental peri‐implantitis between alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) and spontaneous healing (SH) sites in infected (IT) and noninfected tooth (NIT).MethodsBilateral mandibular third or fourth premolars of six beagle dogs were randomly assigned to IT and NIT groups. Before extraction, chronic dehiscence defects were created at the mesial root of mid‐buccal area in IT group. Four weeks later, the mesial roots of the third and fourth premolars were extracted in all groups.ARP procedure was randomly conducted on one side of the extraction sockets using collagenated bovine bone substitutes and resorbable collagen membrane, and contralateral side was allowded spontaneous healing. After 12 weeks of healing, bone‐level implants (ϕ 3.6 × 8.0 mm) were placed at the extraction sockets. Three months of ligature induced peri‐implantitis and three months of spontaneous progression were allowed, with radiographs taken at each phase. Biopsies were retrieved at the implant site for histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and polarized light‐microscopic analyses.ResultsRadiography demonstrated that the changes in the marginal bone level during the spontaneous progression period showed no significant differences between ARP and SH sites. Only small and/or nonsignificant differences in the progression of peri‐implantitis were observed between ARP and SH sites in histomorphometric, immunohistochemical, and polarized light microscopic analyses. Additionally, the IT and NIT groups exhibited similar outcomes for most parameters.ConclusionARP with xenogenic bone substitutes might provide similarly robust results as SH sites regarding the progression of experimental peri‐implantitis, irrespective of the infected or noninfected nature of the site before tooth extraction.
Analysis of clinical and pathological characteristics of retroperitoneal paraganglioma and associated prognostic factors
Authors: Chun Caipu , Song Linxie , Xu Guixuan , Shi Qi , Li Feng , Jia Xingyuan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to explore the long‐term prognostic risk factors associated with patients diagnosed with retroperitoneal paraganglioma (RPGL) and examine their clinical and pathological characteristics.MethodsExpressions of biomarkers were identified using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and case databases were retrospectively searched. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan‐Meier and Cox risk regression to identify the factors that influence the postoperative progression‐free survival of patients with RPGL.ResultsA total of 105 patients, most of whom had tumors situated in the paraaortic region, and whose average tumor size was 8.6 cm, were enrolled in this study. The average follow‐up duration was 51 months, with a mortality rate of 19% and a recurrence and metastasis rate of 41.9%. Tumors were assessed using the modified Grading system for Adrenal Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (GAPP), and SDHB, S‐100, and Ki‐67 were stained using IHC in all cases. Out of the total cases examined, negative in SDHB expression were observed in 18.1% of cases, S‐100 expression was negative in 36.2% of cases, and endovascular tumor enboluswas present in approximately 25.7% of cases. The results of the univariate analysis indicated that several factors significantly influenced the progression‐free survival of patients with PGL as follow: maximum tumor diameter (>5.5 cm), tumor morphological features, tumor grading (modified GAPP score > 6), SDHB negative, S‐100 negative, and expression of proliferation index Ki‐67 (>3%) (X2 = 4.217−27.420, p < 0.05). The results of the multivariate analysis indicated that negative of S‐100 (p = 0.021) and SDHB (p = 0.038), as well as intravascular tumor thrombus (p = 0.047) expression were independent risk factors for progression‐free survival in patients.ConclusionRPGL is characterized by diverse biological features and an elevated susceptibility to both recurrence and metastasis. Both SDHB and S‐100 can be employed as traditional IHC indicators to predict the metastatic risk of PGL, whereas the tumor histomorphology‐endovascular tumor enbolus assists in determining the metastasis risk of RPGL.
Diastasis Recti Abdominis
Authors: Shen Ye , Zhou Xiuling , He Kai , Cai Yehua , Zhu Yulan , Chen Hao , Ding Hong 
Published: June 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to establish a simple and practical classification to guide the clinical treatment of diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) based on ultrasound characteristics with different severities of DRA, and to verify its clinical utility.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 301 DRA patients as pilot cohort and divided into Conservative Treatment Group and Surgical Group according to clinical outcomes. A new Width–Length classification was summarized based on ultrasound measurements of the width and length of midline separation. Then, 100 DRA patients were enrolled prospectively as validation cohort, and diagnostic performance was evaluated by clinical treatment.ResultsThe Width–Length classification in pilot cohort was as follows: Type 1 (n = 108), open only at M3; Type 2 (n = 63), open at M3 and either M2 or M4 (inter‐rectus distance at M3 <47 mm); Type 3 (n = 44), open at M3 and either M2 or M4 (inter‐rectus distance at M3 ≥47 mm); Type 4 (n = 74), open at M3, along with other two sites of M1, M2, M4, or M5; Type 5 (n = 12), open at M2, M3, and M4, along with M1 or M5, or both. DRA patients in Type 1–2 were recommended for conservative treatment, and in Type 3–5 were recommended for surgical treatment (all P < .05). In the validation cohort, the accuracy of Width–Length classification in determining treatment strategy was 86.0%.ConclusionsThis study proposes a Width–Length classification based on the width and length of midline separation on ultrasound, which was validated to be simple, practical and effective in guiding DRA treatment.
Changing phenology of benthic primary producers in inland waters: Current knowledge and future directions
Authors: Botrel Morgan , Maranger Roxane , Alirangues Nuñez Marta Maria , Kazanjian Garabet , Kosten Sarian , Velthuis Mandy , Hilt Sabine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBenthic primary producers (BPP) in inland waters, including aquatic macrophytes and periphyton, are foundational habitats that are highly sensitive to multiple human drivers of environmental change. However, long‐term seasonal monitoring of BPP is limited, leaving us with little information on the cause, directionality, and consequences of the potential shifts in timing of BPP life cycle events. Here, we review the literature on the phenological changes of BPP and show that BPP respond primarily to temperature, but also to other interactive drivers related to climate change and eutrophication. In addition, we present four rare case studies where BPP display strong and earlier shifts in event timing associated with increasing temperature and discuss potential impacts of these changes on ecosystem functioning. Given the responsive nature of BPP to multiple human drivers, we provide suggestions on how to improve basic monitoring to better understand the future impact of phenological changes of this critical habitat.
Visualization analysis of research progress and trends in coexistence of lung cancer and pulmonary tuberculosis using bibliometrics
Authors: Yang Ling , Ye Zhaoyang , Li Linsheng , Zhuang Li , Guan Jingzhi , Gong Wenping 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence of lung cancer combined with pulmonary tuberculosis has been increasing, but there is relatively limited published literature on the topic of lung cancer combined with tuberculosis (LC‐PTB) from a bibliometric perspective. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to quantitatively analyze the LC‐PTB‐related literature to better understand the current status of this field and identify future research trends.MethodsWe searched for articles related to LC‐PTB using the Web of Science Core Collection (SCI‐E) and conducted a visual analysis of publication quantity, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords using bibliometric software (CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and Scimago Graphica).ResultsAs of January 8, 2024, a total of 460 publications related to LC‐PTB were included for analysis from 3705 retrieved records. The number of publications has been increasing almost yearly, with most from China (n = 123), followed by the United States (n = 77). Taipei Medical University contributed the most publications (n = 11). Jing‐Yang Huang and Yung‐Po Liaw (eight documents each) ranked first among the included authors. The Journal of Thoracic Oncology was the most productive academic journal on LC‐PTB. The aggregation of key nodes in the co‐citation network and the chronological sequence indicated that LC‐PTB research has shifted from initial hotspots such as lung diseases, bronchitis, and exposure to recent areas, including immunotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and nivolumab.ConclusionIn this study, we visualized the current status of LC‐PTB research as well as future trends using bibliometric methods, providing new insights into the differential diagnosis of LC‐PTB and its related promoting mechanisms.