bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction to Large Language Models (LLMs) for dementia care and research
Authors: Treder Matthias S. , Lee Sojin , Tsvetanov Kamen A. 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDementia is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects cognitive abilities including memory, reasoning, and communication skills, leading to gradual decline in daily activities and social engagement. In light of the recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT, this paper aims to thoroughly analyse their potential applications and usefulness in dementia care and research.MethodTo this end, we offer an introduction into LLMs, outlining the key features, capabilities, limitations, potential risks, and practical considerations for deployment as easy-to-use software (e.g., smartphone apps). We then explore various domains related to dementia, identifying opportunities for LLMs to enhance understanding, diagnostics, and treatment, with a broader emphasis on improving patient care. For each domain, the specific contributions of LLMs are examined, such as their ability to engage users in meaningful conversations, deliver personalized support, and offer cognitive enrichment. Potential benefits encompass improved social interaction, enhanced cognitive functioning, increased emotional well-being, and reduced caregiver burden. The deployment of LLMs in caregiving frameworks also raises a number of concerns and considerations. These include privacy and safety concerns, the need for empirical validation, user-centered design, adaptation to the user's unique needs, and the integration of multimodal inputs to create more immersive and personalized experiences. Additionally, ethical guidelines and privacy protocols must be established to ensure responsible and ethical deployment of LLMs.ResultsWe report the results on a questionnaire filled in by people with dementia (PwD) and their supporters wherein we surveyed the usefulness of different application scenarios of LLMs as well as the features that LLM-powered apps should have. Both PwD and supporters were largely positive regarding the prospect of LLMs in care, although concerns were raised regarding bias, data privacy and transparency.DiscussionOverall, this review corroborates the promising utilization of LLMs to positively impact dementia care by boosting cognitive abilities, enriching social interaction, and supporting caregivers. The findings underscore the importance of further research and development in this field to fully harness the benefits of LLMs and maximize their potential for improving the lives of individuals living with dementia.
Adult psychiatric inpatient admissions and length of stay before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large urban hospital setting in Vancouver, British Columbia
Authors: Russolillo Angela , Carter Michelle , Guan Mejiao , Singh Pulkit , Kealy David , Raudzus Julia 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic individuals with mental illnesses faced challenges accessing psychiatric care. Our study aimed to describe patient characteristics and compare admissions and length of stay (LOS) for psychiatric-related hospitalizations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis using health administrative data comparing individuals with an acute psychiatric admission between two time periods: 1st March 2019 to 31st December 2019 (pre-COVID) and 1st March 2020 to 31st December 2020 (during-COVID). Multivariable negative binomial regression was used to model the association between most responsible diagnosis type and the two-time periods to hospital LOS, reporting the Rate Ratio (RR) as the measure of effect.ResultsThe cohort comprised 939 individuals who were predominately male (60.3%) with a severe mental illness (schizophrenia or mood-affective disorder) (72.7%) and a median age of 38 (IQR: 28.0, 52.0) years. In the multivariable analysis, anxiety disorders (RR: 0.63, CI: 0.4, 0.99) and personality disorders (RR: 0.52, CI: 0.32, 0.85) were significantly associated with a shorter LOS when compared to individuals without those disorders. Additionally, when compared to hospital admissions for non-substance related disorders the LOS for patients with substance-related disorders were significantly shorter during the COVID period (RR: 0.45, CI: 0.30, 0.67) and pre-COVID period (RR: 0.31, CI: 0.21, 0.46).ConclusionsWe observed a significant difference in the type and length of admissions for various psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 period. These findings can support systems of care in adapting to utilization changes during pandemics or other global health events.
Realistic Texture Mapping of 3D Medical Models Using RGBD Camera for Mixed Reality Applications
Authors: Aliani Cosimo , Morelli Alberto , Rossi Eva , Lombardi Sara , Civale Vincenzo Yuto , Sardini Vittoria , Verdino Flavio , Bocchi Leonardo 
Published: May 2024

Augmented and mixed reality in the medical field is becoming increasingly important. The creation and visualization of digital models similar to reality could be a great help to increase the user experience during augmented or mixed reality activities like surgical planning and educational, training and testing phases of medical students. This study introduces a technique for enhancing a 3D digital model reconstructed from cone-beam computed tomography images with its real coloured texture using an Intel D435 RGBD camera. This method is based on iteratively projecting the two models onto a 2D plane, identifying their contours and then minimizing the distance between them. Finally, the coloured digital models were displayed in mixed reality through a Microsoft HoloLens 2 and an application to interact with them using hand gestures was developed. The registration error between the two 3D models evaluated using 30,000 random points indicates values of: 1.1 ± 1.3 mm on the x-axis, 0.7 ± 0.8 mm on the y-axis, and 0.9 ± 1.2 mm on the z-axis. This result was achieved in three iterations, starting from an average registration error on the three axes of 1.4 mm to reach 0.9 mm. The heatmap created to visualize the spatial distribution of the error shows how it is uniformly distributed over the surface of the pointcloud obtained with the RGBD camera, except for some areas of the nose and ears where the registration error tends to increase. The obtained results indicate that the proposed methodology seems effective. In addition, since the used RGBD camera is inexpensive, future approaches based on the simultaneous use of multiple cameras could further improve the results. Finally, the augmented reality visualization of the obtained result is innovative and could provide support in all those cases where the visualization of three-dimensional medical models is necessary.
Detoxification Methods of Jatropha curcas Seed Cake and Its Potential Utilization as Animal Feed
Authors: de Barros Cândida Rita , Ferreira Luís Miguel Mendes , Fraga Irene , Mourão José Luís , Rodrigues Miguel António Machado 
Published: May 2024

Jatropha seed cake (JSC) derived from Jatropha curcas seeds is a by-product of biodiesel production and, due to its high protein content, has been considered as a potential animal feed ingredient. However, the presence of toxic compounds such as phorbol esters and other anti-nutritional factors limits its use in animal feeding. Several detoxification approaches have been used to tackle these constraints and this review aims to summarize the recent advances in JSC treatment aiming to enhance its potential as an animal feedstuff. The review first provides an overview of the structure and composition of phorbol esters and other anti-nutritional compounds, discussing its toxic effects on different animal species. It then explores several detoxification methodologies giving special emphasis to its effects on the nutritional composition of JSC and on the use of the treated substrate as a feed ingredient in fish, poultry, pigs, and ruminants, highlighting their growth performance, nutrient utilization, and animal health issues. Overall, the review concludes that these treatments hold great potential for the detoxification and utilization of JSC as an animal feed ingredient. However, further research is needed to optimize the treatment conditions, evaluate the economic feasibility, and assess the long-term effects of treated JSC on animal health and product quality.
Anemia na gestação associada a deficiência nutricional
Authors: Cedro Neto Braz Lira , Melo Carlos Eduardo dos Santos , Ramos Gabriel Lima , Figueiredo Neto Djalma , Cedro Carla Vitoria Damasceno Rodrigues , Monteiro Rodolfo Moreira 
Published: May 2024

De acordo com a Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), a anemia é definida como um nível de hemoglobina abaixo de 11g/dl. Durante a gestação, a anemia materna é uma das deficiências nutricionais mais frequentes em todo o mundo, sendo mais prevalente em países em desenvolvimento podendo chegar até 50% dos casos. Esse alto índice de anemias em gestantes está relacionado a vários fatores, entre eles estão os fenômenos fisiológicos comuns na gravidez, como o processo de hemodiluição e o aumento da demanda fisiológica do mineral ferro e de vitaminas B9 e B12. Outro fator são as dietas com baixa quantidade de ferro e vitaminas do complexo B, muito necessárias às mulheres grávidas. Todo esse processo favorece o aparecimento dos dois tipos mais prevalentes de anemia nas gestantes, a anemia ferropriva e a anemia megaloblástica, causadas pela deficiência de ferro e vitaminas B9 e B12 respectivamente. As possíveis complicações da anemia para o binômio materno- infantil, principalmente em anemias mais severas, são preocupantes, podendo levar ao óbito da mãe e filho. Considerando a alta prevalência da anemia e seus impactos, é necessário a correta instrução para as gestantes, a prevenção e o tratamento através da suplementação desses nutrientes.
Clinical features of resistant and refractories hypertensives submitted to 24-hour ABPM
Authors: Silva Ricardo Pereira , Pinheiro Pedro Felipe de Sousa , Brito Haniel Douglas , Araújo Davi Veras , Queiroz Jean Lopes , Firmo Thiago Christoferson Costa , Viana Antônio Brazil , Daniel Elana Couto de Alencar 
Published: May 2024

Ten to twenty percent of patients with hypertension are considered resistant to treatment. Resistant hypertension is one in which the patient cannot be controlled with the use of three drugs at maximum doses, including a diuretic, or when blood pressure (BP) is controlled with the use of four or more anti-hypertensive drugs. Refractory hypertension is an extreme phenotype of resistant hypertension, when the BP cannot be controlled despite the usage of four anti-hypertensives,. PURPOSE- evaluate the clinical profile of resistant and refractory hypertensives by ABPM. METHODS- From January of 2019 to June of 2022, a total of 669 ABPMs were performed at Unicordis., in which three or more drugs were used in the therapy. We divided these patients into three groups: I) patients who achieved BP control with three drugs; II) patients with resistant hypertension III) patients with refractory hypertension . RESULTS- We observed that 317 had their BP controlled with three drugs (47%), 275 patients (41%) were considered to have resistant hypertension, and 77 patients were in the refractory hypertension group (12%). When we divided the number of patients with refractory hypertension(77) by the sum of patients with resistant and refractory SAH (352), we have that refractory hypertension was present in 21% of the total cases of resistant SAH. CONCLUSIONS- Older ages, male gender, and higher BMI were more present in the resistant group than in the control group. Older ages and higher incidence of DM and COPD were more frequent in the refractory group than in the control group.
Análise epidemiológica do Acidente Vascular Cerebral nos estados do Nordeste (2020 - 2022)
Authors: Andrade Pedro Nogueira de , Almeida Lucas Fernandes de Carvalho , Santana Bianca Coelho Amorim Carvalho de , Malta Rafael Wanderley Persiano , Silva Miclecio Luiz da , Malta Voney Fernando Mendes , Silva Paulo Henrique Alves da , Barbosa Samuel Cavalcante Souza , Ramos Reyva Mikaella Silva , Lima Rodrigo Batista de , Freire Maria Faneska Fernanda , Chroniaris Natalia Helena Acioli Freire , Silva Filho Marcelo Cantarelli Correia da , Silva Jean Marcos da , Cavalcante Gabriel Albuquerque Leite 
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência da mortalidade por Acidente Vascular Cerebral não especificado hemorrágico ou isquêmico nos Estados do Nordeste, no período de 2020 a 2022. Metodologia: Estudo epidemiológico descritivo retrospectivo com dados extraídos na base de dados do TABNET/DATASUS. As variáveis de interesse foram: ano de notificação, região de notificação, faixa etária, cor/raça. Resultados: Entre 2020 e 2022, houve um total de 36.807 falecimentos. A Bahia liderou com 31,63% desses óbitos, e a maioria das vítimas pertencia à raça parda, representando 61,34%. Quanto ao local de ocorrência, os hospitais foram responsáveis por registrar 59,21% dos óbitos. Conclusão: É essencial compreender os aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos para elaborar políticas de cuidado e apoio à comunidade. É imperativo conscientizar tanto o público quanto os responsáveis governamentais sobre a importância de investir em iniciativas de prevenção e segurança.
Relação entre o uso de cigarros eletrônicos e doenças pulmonares
Authors: Silva Paula de Sousa , Barone Beatriz Vieira , Diegues Júlia Duarte , Costa Kimberly Caramori , Ribeiro Isabella Cunha Louzada 
Published: May 2024

Este trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a relação entre o uso de dispositivos eletrônicos para fumar (DEFs) e o desenvolvimento de patologias pulmonares. O tabagismo é um problema de saúde pública de abrangência mundial e é um fator de risco para o surgimento de diversas comorbidades, principalmente patologias pulmonares e cardiovasculares. Sabe-se que os DEFs, também conhecidos como cigarros eletrônicos, vaper, pod, e-cigarette, entre outros, começaram a ser comercializados com a proposta de redução de danos em relação aos cigarros tradicionais e como uma ferramenta para cessar o tabagismo. Desse modo alcançam prestígio, principalmente entre os jovens. No entanto, as substâncias presentes nesses dispositivos ainda não têm seus efeitos pulmonares e sistêmicos bem estabelecidos. Estudos recentes, demonstraram que os compostos presentes podem ser tóxicos, irritativos e cancerígenos. A literatura associa essas alterações a patologias como EVALI (E-cigarette or Vaping product use-Associated Lung Injury), pneumonia em organização, bronquiolite obliterante com pneumonia em organização (BOOP), bronquiolite respiratória ou pneumonia lipoide aguda. No entanto, os efeitos do uso de DEFs e o desenvolvimento de patologias pulmonares ainda necessita de estudos adicionais, de forma a estabelecer meios de intervenção e informações que contraindiquem esse hábito nocivo.
Analisis Pengaruh Variasi Tekanan Pada Briket Cangkang Kemiri Terhadap Temperatur, Laju Pembakaran Dan Kadar Abu
Authors: Tonda Naptalia , Jasron Jahirwan Ut , Pell Yeremias M. 
Published: May 2024

Proses pembuatan briket masih terdapat kendala yaitu proses pencetakan masih menggunakan cara tradisional dan alat pencetak briket yang sudah adapun juga belum dilengkapi dengan sistem hidrolik dan pengukur tekanan sehingga membutuhkan waktu pencetakan yang lebih dan tidak dapat mengetahui berapa tekanan yang diberikan pada saat pencetakan. Sebuah mesin pencetak briket yang dilengkapi dengan sistem hidrolik dan pengukur tekanan dibutuhhkan sebagai sarana untuk mempermudah proses pencetakan briket dan menghemat tenaga. Tujuan perancangan mesin pencetak briket ini yaitu menghasilkan suatu rancangan mesin pres dengan sistem hidrolik yang dilengkapi dengan pengukur tekanan. Metode perancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menerapkan metode Shigley-Mitchell. Alat pencetak briket ini memiliki 16 silinder cetakan. Dalam satu silinder pencetakan mampu menghasilkan Briket dengan berat 52 gram dengan tinggi 80 mm,sehingga dalam satu kali pencetakan alat ini dengan waktu pencetakan 6,5 menit mampu menghasilkan briket 0,832 kg, kapasitas alat pres briket ini per jamnya 148 briket/jam.
High breakdown voltage of 1.3 kV and low turn-on voltage of 0.48 V β-Ga2O3 heterojunction barrier Schottky diode with tungsten Schottky contact
Authors: Li Qiuyan , Hao Weibing , Liu Jinyang , Han Zhao , He Song , Zhou Xuanze , Xu Guangwei , Long Shibing 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
β-Ga2O3 power diodes were expected to possess low turn-on voltage (V
on), low reverse leakage (J
R), and high blocking capability for low power losses. In this work, a low V
on (0.48 V) β-Ga2O3 heterojunction barrier Schottky diode (HJBS) with tungsten Schottky contact was achieved. Benefitting from the lateral depletion of p+-NiO to suppress J
R originating from the low Schottky barrier, the blocking capability of β-Ga2O3 HJBS was enhanced. The spacing width of p+-NiO was systematically studied to reveal its modulation effect on forward and reverse characteristics. This work provides a promising strategy for improving rectifier efficiency of β-Ga2O3 diodes.
A Case Study on The Rise and Downfall of Paytm and its Impact in Indian Digital Payment service.
Authors: - SAI RAMAKANTH T 
Published: May 2024

•	After Demonetization, the Role of the Banking sector provided an easier way of digital payment, the concept of UPI ensured a significant and cost-effective way of transferring money from one person to another. Mobile phones, Technological innovations, and In-ternet communications provided paperless Transactions. To provide an effective Pay-ment Mechanism NPCI (National Payment Corporation of India) has been established for the control of UPI operations in India. The Government of India under The Ministry of Fi-nance ensures the Potential Contribution to the Digital economy. This Book chapter shall explain the Rise and Downfall of Paytm and Its Subsidiary Paytm Payments Bank and Its Impact in India.
Respons Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Bibit Sebar F4 Isolat FP007 Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvaceae) Faperta UNSIKA Akibat Perbedaan Media Tumbuh
Authors: Ardhana Felia , Lestari Ani , Supriadi Devie Rienzani 
Published: May 2024

Mushrooms are a food ingredient that is liked by the people of Indonesia and have a fairly high variety of species. Currently mushroom production in Indonesia is still experiencing unstable or fluctuating changes. The success of mushroom cultivation apart from proper cultivation techniques, straw mushroom requires a growing medium that can support its growth and production properly. This study aims to obtain culture media material that gives the best results for the growth of seedlings of F4 isolate FP007 straw mushroom (Volvariella Volvaceae). This experiment was conducted at a mushroom house owned by a farmer located in Pasirmulya Village, Majalaya District, Karawang Regency, carried out from March to May 2023. The research method used was an experimental method with a single factor Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 replications. There were 7 treatments, namely A (100% Straw), B (80% Straw + 20% Rice Husk), C (50% Straw + 50% Cotton), D (30% Straw + 20% Rice Husk + 50% Wood Powder ), E (25% straw + 75% sawdust), F (25% straw + 25% sawdust + 50% cotton), G (20% straw + 20% rice husk + 60% cotton). The effect of the treatment was analyzed by analysis of variance at the 5% level and then continued with the DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) at the 5% level. The results showed that there was a significant effect of differences in growing media on the growth and yield of F4 seedling isolate FP007 mushroom (Volvariella volvaceae). Treatment G (20% Straw + 20% Rice Husk + 60% Cotton) gave the highest average fruit weight per plot of 6.30 g, the average harvest intensity of one growing season was 7.80 days and the total weight of one plot of 852 g, if the total weight is 71.58 kg.Â Key Words:F4 Faperta Unsika,Straw Mushroom, and Straw
Tingkat Pengetahuan Penderita Diabetes Melitus Tentang Pencegahan Ulkus Diabetik Melalui Penyuluhan
Authors: Dharmayanti Ni Putu Diah , Darmini A.A.A. Yuliati , Dharmapatni Ni Wayan Kesari 
Published: May 2024

Diabetes Melitus (DM) adalah penyakit tidak menular dengan banyak kondisi yang dapat menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi salah satunya ulkus diabetik. Ulkus diabetik yang sudah parah merupakan faktor utama terjadinya amputasi pada organ tubuh. Oleh karena itu penderita DM harus memiliki pemahaman yang memadai untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi ulkus diabetik.
Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan penderita DM tentang pencegahan komplikasi ulkus diabetik di Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat. Berdasarkan hasil pretest dari 22 responden memiliki pengetahuan rendah tentang cara pencegahan ulkus diabetik yaitu sebesar 72,7%. Sedangkan hasil posttest, menunjukkan lebih dari setengah responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan tinggi yaitu 54,5 %. Setelah diberikan penyuluhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengetahuan penderita DM tentang pencegahan ulkus diabetik mengalami peningkatan. Kedepannya pihak puskesmas harus secara aktif memberikan penyuluhan terkait pencegahan ulkus diabetes.

Kata kunci : Diabetes melitus, Penyuluhan, Pengetahuan, Pencegahan ulkus diabetik
Latihan Senam Dismenore Dalam Upaya Mengurangi Nyeri Haid Remaja Siswi Sma-2 Kahayan Tengah Kabupaten Pulang Pisau Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Istiningsih Titik , Meyasa Lola , Mariyah Herni Isna 
Published: May 2024

Permasalahan nyeri haid merupakan permasalahan yang sering terjadi pada seorang perempuan, beberapa remaja putri di Indonesia masih belum terlepas dari keluhan sindrom dismenore. Salahsatu dampak dismenore yaitu turunnya konsentrasi belajar dan produktivitas harian. Aktifitas yang dapat diupayakan yaitu dengan merubah gaya hidup agar lebih aktif melakukan olah fisik salah satunya latihan berolahraga.
Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini untuk menganalisis pengaruh senam Dismenore terhadap penurunan derajat nyeri dismenore pada remaja putri dan meringankan keluhan nyeri haid pada siswi SMA-2 Kahayan Tengah kabupaten Pulang Pisau Kalimantan Tengah. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan pada pengabdian masyarakat ini ialah melakukan identifikasi masalah yang terjadi di SMA-2 Kahayan Kuala, melakukan studi pustaka, melakukan koordinasi, melakukan latihan senam dismenore di Aula SMA-2 Kahayan Kuala, mengukur derajat nyeri sebelum latihan senam dismenore, menganalisis pengaruh pemberian latihan senam dismenore terhadap penurunan derajat nyeri haid dan membuat laporan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Peserta berjumlah 50 siswi yang dilatih senam Dismenore pada bulan September 2023. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat yang dilakukan yaitu terdapat 34 siswi mengalami Dismenore ringan, 16 siswi mengalami Dismenore sedang dan diberikan latihan senam Dismenore. Terjadi penurunan derajat nyeri haid sebesar 8% (4 orang) dari 50 siswi dengan rentang usia 16-18 tahun Harapan setelah kegiatan pengabmas ini remaja putri mengerti cara meringankan gejala dismenore dengan rutin melakukan senam dismenore. Kesimpulan dari pengabdian ini hendaknya latihan senam dismenore ini dilakukan secara rutin pada jam pelajaran olahraga oleh siswi SMA-2 Kahayan Tengah terutama yang mengalami nyeri haid sehingga dapat mengurangi gejala dan keluhan nyeri haid yang datang pada setiap siklus bulanannya.

Kata Kunci : Senam, Dismenore, Remaja