bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticle-based Calcium Phosphate Substrates: Gas Phase Synthesis and Potential Applications
Authors: Camata Renato , Kraft Rebbeca , Bottino Marco , Bapat Parimal V 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEmulating the ECM microenvironment of natural tissue and understanding how such an environment affects integrin function is a major goal of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In this work we have combined laser and aerosol techniques to create nanoengineered substrates comprising calcium phosphate nanoparticles of well controlled size on atomically flat SiO2 layers. In our process, gas suspended calcium phosphate nanoparticles are generated by ablation of solid a hydroxyapatite target inside a tube furnace at 800-900°C in presence of Argon/H2O flow using a KrF excimer laser and deposited on a silicon substrate via electrostatic precipitation.
Probabilistic risk evaluation for triclosan in surface water, sediments, and aquatic biota tissues
Authors: Lyndall Jennifer , Fuchsman Phyllis , Bock Michael , Barber Timothy , Lauren Darrel , Leigh Katrina , Perruchon Elyse , Capdevielle Marie 
Published: April 2010

Abstract
Triclosan, an antimicrobial compound used in personal care products, occurs in the aquatic environment due to residual concentrations in municipal wastewater treatment effluent. We evaluate triclosan-related risks to the aquatic environment, for aquatic and sediment-dwelling organisms and for aquatic-feeding wildlife, based on measured and modeled exposure concentrations. Triclosan concentrations in surface water, sediment, and biota tissue are predicted using a fugacity model parameterized to run probabilistically, to supplement the limited available measurements of triclosan in sediment and tissue. Aquatic toxicity is evaluated based on a species sensitivity distribution, which is extrapolated to sediment and tissues assuming equilibrium partitioning. A probabilistic wildlife exposure model is also used, and estimated doses are compared with wildlife toxicity benchmarks identified from a review of published and proprietary studies. The 95th percentiles of measured and modeled triclosan concentrations in surface water, sediment, and biota tissues are consistently below the 5th percentile of the respective species sensitivity distributions, indicating that, under most scenarios, adverse affects due to triclosan are unlikely. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2010;6:419–440. © 2010 SETAC
Using an Event-Triggered Video Intervention System to Expand the Supervised Learning of Newly Licensed Adolescent Drivers
Authors: Carney Cher , McGehee Daniel V. , Lee John D. , Reyes Michelle L. , Raby Mireille 
Published: April 2010

Objectives. We examined whether feedback from an event-triggered video intervention system reduced the number of safety-relevant driving errors made by newly licensed adolescents.Methods. We used a 1-group pretest–posttest quasi-experimental design to compare the rate of coachable error events per 1000 miles for 18 drivers who were aged 16 years. The intervention consisted of immediate visual feedback provided to the drivers and weekly event reports and videos provided to the drivers and their parents.Results. The number of coachable events was reduced by 61% overall during the intervention (χ2= 11.42; P = .001) and did not significantly increase during the second baseline, which was assessed after the intervention ended (χ2= 1.49; P = .223). The greatest reduction was seen in the category of improper turns or curves and for drivers identified at the first baseline as “high-event” drivers.Conclusions. Our results show that immediate visual feedback for adolescents and cumulative video feedback for parents and adolescents during the early period of independent driving can have a dramatic influence on the rate of safety-relevant driving events. To the extent that such events are a proxy for crash risk, we suggest that feedback can enhance adolescent driving safety.
Impact of ionic strength on adsorption capacity of chromatographic particles employed in separation of monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Wrzosek Katarzyna , Gramblička Michal , Tóthová Darina , Antošová Monika , Polakovič Milan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe influence of ionic strength on the adsorption capacity of seven commercial adsorbents used in downstream processing of monoclonal antibodies was examined. Affinity (MabSelect, Poros 50A High Capacity, ProSep-vA High Capacity), hydrophobic charge-induction (MEP HyperCel), and cation exchange adsorbents (FractoGel EMD SE Hicap (M), SP Sepharose Fast Flow, Ceramic HyperD F) were used to study the adsorption of polyclonal human immunoglobulin G at optimal pH values. The ionic strength, adjusted by sodium chloride concentrations in the range of 0–225 mM, strongly decreased the adsorption capacity of the cation exchangers. Equilibrium data were described in the form of the dependence of the ratio of protein concentrations in the solid and liquid phases on the total concentration of cation counter ions. They were successfully fitted and interpreted through a stoichiometric ion-exchange model.
Vibrational spectroscopic and conformational studies of 1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine
Authors: Alver Özgür , Şenyel Mustafa 
Published: April 2010

AbstractPossible stable conformers of the 1-(4-pyridyl)piperazine (1-4pypp) molecule were experimentally and theoretically studied by FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy. FT-IR and Raman spectra were recorded in the region of 4000–200 cm−1. Optimized geometric structures related to the minimum on the potential energy surface were investigated by the B3LYP hybrid density functional theory method using the 6-31G(d) basis set. Comparison of the experimental and theoretical results indicates that the density functional B3LYP method provides satisfactory results for the prediction of vibrational wavenumbers and structural parameters and equatorial-equatorial (e-e) isomer is supposed to be the most stable form of the 1–4pypp molecule.
Flow injection spectrofluorimetric determination of iron(III) in water using salicylic acid
Authors: Asan Adem , Andac Muberra , Isildak Ibrahim 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA simple and fast flow injection fluorescence quenching method for the determination of iron in water has been developed. Fluorimetric determination is based on the measurement of the quenching effect of iron on salicylic acid fluorescence. An emission peak of salicylic acid in aqueous solution occurs at 409 nm with excitation at 299 nm. The carrier solution used was 2 × 10−6 mol L−1 salicylic acid in 0.1 mol L−1 NH4+/NH3 buffer solution at pH 8.5. Linear calibration was obtained for 5–100 μg L−1 iron(III) and the relative standard deviation was 1.25 % (n = 5) for a 20 μL injection volume iron(III). The limit of detection was 0.3 μg L−1 and the sampling rate was 60 h−1. The effect of interferences from various metals and anions commonly present in water was also studied. The method was successfully applied to the determination of low levels of iron in real samples (river, sea, and spring waters).
Visual spectroscopy detection of triclosan
Authors: Kysliak Olexander , Smyk Natalia 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe azo coupling reaction with 2-aminonaphthalene-4,8-disulfonic acid (I) was used to develop a new cheap and rapid method of triclosan (II) determination in hygiene products. The calibration graph was linear in the range of 2.0−100 × 10−6 mol L−1. The detection limit was 2.0 μmol L−1.
Use of a diazocoupling reaction for sensitive and selective spectrophotometeric determination of furosemide in spiked human urine and pharmaceuticals
Authors: Tharpa Kalsang , Basavaiah Kanakapura , Vinay Kanakapura 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTwo simple, sensitive, and selective spectrophotometric methods for the determination of 5-(aminosulfonyl)-4-chloro-2-((2-furanylmethyl)amino)benzoic acid (furosemide, FUR) are described. The methods are based on acid hydrolysis of FUR to free primary aromatic amine and diazotization followed by coupling with N-1-napthylethylene diamine (NEDA) (method A) or 4,5-dihydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid (chromotropic acid, CTA) (method B). The colored reaction product can be measured spectrophotometrically at 520 nm (method A) or 500 nm (method B). Beer’s law is obeyed over the ranges of 1.75–21.0 μg mL−1 and 2.5–30.0 μg mL−1, for method A and method B, respectively. Apparent molar absorptivities and Sandell’s sensitivities (in L mol−1 cm−1 and μg cm−2 per 0.001 absorbance unit, respectively) were 1.34 × 104 and 0.0253 using NEDA as the coupling agent, and 8.5 × 103 and 0.0389 using CTA for the same purpose. Analysis of solutions containing seven different concentrations of FUR gave a correlation coefficient of 0.9979 using NEDA and 0.9984 using CTA, while the slope and the correlation coefficient of the regression equation were calculated. The reaction stoichiometry in both methods was evaluated by the limiting logarithmic method and was found to be 1: 1 (diazotized FUR: NEDA or diazotized FUR: CTA). The methods were successfully applied to the determination of FUR in spiked human urine and in pharmaceutical formulations. The recovery of FUR from spiked urine was satisfactory resulting in the values of (109.4 ± 4.37) % using NEDA and (113.0 ± 4.74) % using CTA. Results of the analysis of pharmaceuticals demonstrated that the proposed procedures are at least as accurate and precise as the official method while a statistical analysis indicated that there was no significant difference between the results obtained by the proposed methods and those of the official method.
Activity and regenerability of dealuminated zeolite Y in liquid phase alkylation of benzene with 1-alkene
Authors: Horňáček Michal , Hudec Pavol , Nociar Andrej , Smiešková Agáta , Jakubík Tibor 
Published: April 2010

AbstractHY-zeolite and its deep-bed dealuminated and EFAL-extracted forms were tested in liquid phase alkylation of benzene with 1-hexadecene in a batch reactor at 120°C. Deep-bed dealumination of the HY-sample at 560 °C followed by careful selective extraction of extra-framework aluminium by hydrochloric acid increased the catalytic activity as well as oxidative regenerability of Y-zeolite.
Liquid chromatographic determination of meloxicam in serum after solid phase extraction
Authors: Ouarezki Radia , Guermouche Moulay-Hassane 
Published: April 2010

AbstractA liquid chromatographic method for the determination of meloxicam in serum has been developed. The technique includes a solid phase extraction of the serum samples on [poly (divinylbenzeneco-N-vinylpyrrolidone)] as a solid phase extraction sorbent. After conditioning, the cartridge was loaded with 1 mL of acidified serum containing an internal standard. Elution was carried out using 1 mL of water-acetonitrile (φ r = 1: 1) mixture. After evaporation of the eluate to dryness and reconstitution of the residue with 0.1 mL of methanol, the samples were analyzed on a Symmetry C18 column. Mobile phase consisted of 1 % aqueous acetic acid/THF/acetonitrile (φ r = 60: 30: 10) + 0.1 mL of 1-octane sulfonic acid. Detection was carried out using a photodiode array detector. Full validation of the proposed method is provided. Linearity of the method was proven over the range of 0.01–10 φg mL−1 of meloxicam. Meloxicam assay was accurate and reliable with average intra- and inter-day precisions lower than 5.0 % and the intra- and inter-day accuracy higher than 97 %. Limits of detection (LOD) and quantitation (LOQ) found were 0.003 μg mL−1 and 0.01 μg mL−1, respectively. The proposed method was successfully utilized to quantify meloxicam in serum.
Contraceptive use among ‘at‐risk’ women in a metropolitan area in Ghana
Authors: OPOKU BAAFUOR 
Published: April 2010

AbstractEngaging in risky sexual behaviors puts a woman at increased risk of acquiring unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Barrier contraceptives protect against both. Field workers interviewed 1,070 such ‘at‐risk’ women aged 18–35 years who had at least three coital acts per week and at least two sex partners in the previous three months to establish the prevalence of contraceptive use in the Kumasi metropolis in Ghana. Awareness and use of contraception applied to 96.4 and 50% of these women, respectively. The male condom was the commonest form of contraception (32%) followed by the pill (16%). Mean coital acts per week were 3.6 while mean new partners in the previous three months were 2.7. About 12 and 42% engaged in anal and oral sex, respectively. Almost 4% were using norethisterone in various dosages as emergency contraception. Low use of safe contraceptives and risky sexual practices are of concern among this population.
ZAP‐70 expression is associated with increased risk of autoimmune cytopenias in CLL patients
Authors: Zanotti Roberta , Frattini Franzesco , Ghia Paolo , Visco Carlo , Zamò Alberto , Perbellini Omar , Stella Stefania , Facco Monica , Giaretta Ilaria , Chilosi Marco , Pizzolo Giovanni , Ambrosetti Achille 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAutoimmune cytopenias (AIC) are frequent in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, but risk factors and prognostic relevance of these events are controversial. Data about the influence on AIC of biological prognostic markers, as ZAP‐70, are scanty. We retrospectively evaluated AIC in 290 CLL patients tested for ZAP‐70 expression by immunohistochemistry on bone marrow biopsy at presentation. They were 185 men, median age 63 years, 77.9% Binet stage A, 17.6% B and 4.5% C. AIC occurred in 46 patients (16%): 31 autoimmune hemolytic anemias, 10 autoimmune thrombocytopenias, four Evans syndromes, and one pure red cell aplasia. Of the 46 cases of AIC, 37 (80%) occurred in ZAP‐70 positive patients and nine (20%) in ZAP‐70 negatives. ZAP‐70 expression [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 7.42; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.49–22.05] and age >65 years (HR = 5.41; 95% CI: 1.67–17.49) resulted independent risk factors for AIC. Among the 136 patients evaluated both for ZAP‐70 expression and IGHV status, the occurrence of AIC was higher in ZAP‐70 positive/IGHV unmutated cases (35%) than in patients ZAP‐70 negative/IGHV mutated (6%) or discordant for the two parameters (4%; P < 0.0001). In ZAP‐70 positive patients, occurrence of AIC negatively influenced survival (HR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.06–2.86). The high risk of developing AIC in ZAP‐70 positive CLL, particularly when IGHV unmutated, should be considered in the clinical management. Am. J. Hematol. 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Adaptive fuzzy controller design with observer for a class of uncertain nonlinear MIMO systems
Authors: Liu Yan‐Jun , Tong Shao‐Cheng , Li Tie‐Shan 
Published: April 2010

AbstractIn this paper, an adaptive fuzzy control approach is proposed to stabilize a class of uncertain nonlinear MIMO systems with the unmeasured states and the external disturbances. The fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown functions. Because it does not required to assume that the system states are measurable, it needs to design an observer to estimate the system unmeasured states. The considered MIMO systems are more general, i.e. they consist of N subsystems and each subsystem is in the non‐affine form. The stability of the closed‐loop system is verified by using Lyapunov analysis method. Two simulation examples are utilized to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Short‐term travel speed prediction models in car navigation systems
Authors: Lee Seungjae , Lee Young‐Ihn , Cho Bumcheol 
Published: April 2010

AbstractThe objective of this study is the development of the short‐term prediction models to predict average spot speeds of the subject location in the short‐term periods of 5, 10 and 15 minutes respectively. In this study, field data were used to see the comparison of the predictability of Regression Analysis, ARIMA, Kalman Filtering and Neural Network models. These field data were collected from image processing detectors at the urban expressway for 17 hours including both peak and non‐peak hours. Most of the results were reliable, but the results of models using Kalman Filtering and Neural Networks are more accurate and realistic than those of the others.
Formation of spray‐dried powder of S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine
Authors: Lauruengtana Vichuta , Yanagita Arisa , Neoh Tze Loon , Furuta Takeshi , Kanai Muneyoshi , Iefuji Haruyuki , Yoshii Hidefumi 
Published: April 2010

AbstractS‐Adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM) is an essential metabolite in all living organisms. In clinical research, SAM has also been suggested as a chemotherapeutic agent in various diseases. The main problem of SAM is its instability at high temperatures, at neutral and alkaline pH, and in the presence of humidity. SAM retention in spray‐dried powder was determined under various conditions of spray‐drying. The highest SAM retention was obtained when maltodextrin (dextrose equivalent, DE, of 25) was used as the carrier solid with the SAM feed liquid at pH 4.0. The water content in the powder had a significant effect on the stability of SAM. SAM powder with lower water content exhibited higher stability.
Generation of stable cell clones expressing mixtures of human antibodies
Authors: de Kruif John , Kramer Arjen , Nijhuis Roy , van der Zande Vanessa , den Blanken Renate , Clements Carina , Visser Therèse , Keehnen Rob , den Hartog Marcel , Throsby Mark , Logtenberg Ton 
Published: April 2010

AbstractTherapeutic monoclonal antibodies, a highly successful class of biological drugs, are conventionally manufactured in mammalian cell lines. A recent approach to increase the therapeutic effectiveness of monoclonal antibodies has been to combine two or more of them; however this increases the complexity of development and manufacture. To address this issue a method to efficiently express multiple monoclonal antibodies from a single cell has been developed and we describe here the generation of stable cell clones that express high levels of a human monoclonal antibody mixture. PER.C6® cells were transfected with a combination of plasmids containing genes encoding three different antibodies. Clones that express the three corresponding antibody specificities were identified, subcloned, and passaged in the absence of antibiotic selection pressure. At several time points, batch production runs were analyzed for stable growth and IgG production characteristics. The majority (11/12) of subclones analyzed expressed all three antibody specificities in constant ratios with total IgG productivity ranging between 15 and 20 pg/cell/day under suboptimal culture conditions after up to 67 population doublings. The growth and IgG production characteristics of the stable clones reported here resemble those of single monoclonal antibody cell lines from conventional clone generation programs. We conclude that the methodology described here is applicable to the generation of stable PER.C6® clones for industrial scale production of mixtures of antibodies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 741–750. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of biodiesel‐derived waste glycerol impurities on biomass and 1,3‐propanediol production of Clostridium butyricum VPI 1718
Authors: Chatzifragkou Afroditi , Dietz David , Komaitis Michael , Zeng An‐Ping , Papanikolaou Seraphim 
Published: April 2010

AbstractAim of the present study was to assess and evaluate the impact of various kinds of impurities of biodiesel‐derived raw glycerol feedstock, upon microbial growth and 1,3‐propanediol (1,3‐PDO) production by Clostridium butyricum. Preliminary trials in 200‐mL anaerobic bottles revealed that the presence of NaCl at a concentration of 4.5% (w/w of glycerol) in growth medium imposed an evident inhibitory effect, in contrast with phosphoric salts. However, the application of NaCl at elevated quantities during batch bioreactor experiments [up to 30% (w/w of glycerol)], did neither affect the microbial growth, nor the 1,3‐PDO production. Moreover, when oleic acid was added into the growth medium at 2% (w/w of glycerol), a total preclusion of the strain was observed. In order to further investigate whether the nature of oleic acid itself or the presence of the double bond induced the inhibitory phenomenon, stearic acid was added into the medium at the same concentration (2%, w/w, of glycerol). Indeed, no inhibitory effect was observed in the fermentor, suggesting that the presence of the double bond may play a key role in the growth behavior of the microorganism. Finally, methanol effect was tested in batch and continuous bioreactor operations. Interestingly enough, the alcohol addition did not affect the microbial bioconversion of glycerol into 1,3‐PDO, even when imposed at relatively high concentrations (10%, w/w, of glycerol) in batch‐bioreactor operations. In continuous experiments, methanol was added when steady state had been achieved, and although in one case high concentration was added into the chemostat (5 g/L), the system re‐obtained a steady state without indications of negative effect upon biomass production due to the alcohol. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;107: 76–84. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimized delignification of wood‐derived lignocellulosics for improved enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Cullis Ian F. , Mansfield Shawn D. 
Published: April 2010

AbstractOne of the major bottlenecks in the bioconversion of lignocelluosic feedstocks to liquid ethanol is the recalcitrance of residue following pretreatment, specifically softwood derived residues. Peroxide delignification has previously been shown to effectively aid in the removal of condensed lignaceous moieties from substrates following pretreatment, and thereby improve the hydrolyzability of the polymeric carbohydrates to their monomeric constituents. Despite the effectiveness of peroxide, drawbacks in this system still remain, as the concentration of peroxide required for adequate hydrolysis performance is currently uneconomical. In an attempt to improve the efficacy of the delignification process, we evaluated other post‐treatment operations and concurrently attempted to limit the decomposition of peroxide loading; with the over arching aim to improve the efficiency of the bioconversion process. By employing several peroxide stabilizers and pre‐chelating the steam exploded recalcitrant substrates, we were able to substantially improve the delignification treatment of Douglas‐fir wood chips, and to reduce peroxide loading by more than 50% without negative effects on the hydrolysis rates and yield. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;106: 884–893. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Das Präkambrium. Die Wiege des Lebens
Authors: Linnemann Ulf , Hofmann Mandy 
Published: April 2010

AbstractDas Präkambrium ist die Wiege des Lebens und nimmt mit etwa 4 Milliarden Jahren den größten Teil der Erdgeschichte ein. Das Leben veränderte den Planeten in diesem Zeitraum durch viele Wechselwirkungen mit der Plattentektonik und steigerte sich dabei in eine immer höhere Qualität. Ein besonderer Meilenstein war die Freisetzung großer Mengen von Sauerstoff durch die Stromatolithe vor etwa 2,5 Milliarden Jahren. Ein extremer Flaschenhals für die Evolution des Lebens war die Schneeball‐Erde vor 635 Millionen Jahren, die das Zufrieren des gesamten Planeten und dessen Bedeckung mit einem Eispanzer bedeutete. Nachdem plattentektonische Prozesse das Abtauen der weltweiten Eisdecke bewirkten, setzte die Radiation der ersten komplexen höheren Lebewesen ein. Dies waren die Ediacara‐Biota im Zeitraum von etwa 630 bis 543 Millionen Jahren vor heute. Diese in der Evolution einzigartigen Lebewesen existierten in einer engen Wechselbeziehung mit einer lederartigen Biomatte am Meeresboden, die Stabilisierung, Schutz und Nahrung bot. Unter den Ediacara‐Biota treten die ersten primitiven Arthropoden, Mollusken und Anthozoa auf. Es gibt aber auch in der fossilen Überlieferung viele geheimnisvolle Lebensformen ohne sichere Zuordnung. Die Ediacara‐Biota repräsentieren den entscheidenden evolutionären Schritt, um die explosionsartige Radiation der Lebewesen im Kambrium vor etwa 542 Millionen Jahren zu ermöglichen.