bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution patterns of Phytoseiulus persimilis in response to climate change
Authors: Li Guang‐Yun , Li Yuchuang , Liu Huai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe biological control agent Phytoseiulus persimilis is a commercialized specialist predator of two agricultural pest mite species Tetranychus urticae and Tetranychus evansi. Biocontrol of these pest species by P. persimilis has achieved success in biological control in some areas. However, the lack of precise information about the influence of global climate change on the worldwide distribution of this biocontrol agent hampers international efforts to manage pest mites with P. persimilis. With 276 occurrence records and 19 bioclimatic variables, this study investigated the potential global distribution of P. persimilis.ResultsThe results demonstrated that the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) model performed well, with the area under the curve being 0.956, indicating the high accuracy of this model. Two variables, the minimum temperature of the coldest month (Bio_6) and precipitation of the coldest quarter (Bio_19) were the most important environmental variables that influenced the distribution of P. persimilis, contributing more than 30% to the model, respectively. The suitable area currently occupies 21.67% of the world's land area, spanning latitudes between 60°S and 60°N. Under shared socio‐economic pathway (SSP) 5‐8.5 (high‐carbon emissions), the low suitable area would increase by 1.31% until the 2050s.ConclusionThis study successfully identified that south‐eastern China, parts of countries in the Mediterranean coastal regions, including Libya, Algeria, Portugal, Spain, and France, are climatically favorable regions for P. persimilis, providing valuable information about the potential areas where it can be effectively exploited as biocontrol agents in classical biological control programs to manage pest spider mites environmentally friendly. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Structure‐property modeling of pharmacokinetic characteristics of anticancer drugs via topological indices, multigraph modeling and multi‐criteria decision making
Authors: Pandi Ugasini Preetha , Hayat Sakander , Marimuthu Suresh , Konsalraj Julietraja 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents an in‐depth inquiry into estimating ADME properties for promising anticancer drugs, particularly amino acid‐based alkylating agents, through ev‐ve degree topological indices and QSPR analysis. The aim of the study is to compare multigraph modeling to simple graph modeling in estimating six ADME properties. Results demonstrate that multigraph modeling's superior performance, with notable high correlations such as for maximum passive absorption (MPA) using the M‐ev index, compared to simple graph modeling's with the ‐ev index. This emphasizes the need for sophisticated modeling techniques in drug development. The primary objective is to compare multigraph and simple graph modeling using topological structure descriptors, followed by QSPR analysis to determine the better approach in estimating ADME properties. MCDM weight allocation techniques validate correlation values, enhancing understanding of estimators and identifying potential drugs. This underscores the importance of considering various MCDM methods and weight allocation approaches for reliable decision‐making in healthcare contexts.
Fixed‐time formation control of second‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems using the neural network dynamic sliding mode
Authors: Luo Yiping , Huang Weijie , Cao Jinde , Xia Wenhua , Wang Tianyu 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe problem of fixed‐time formation control for a class of second‐order nonlinear multi‐agent systems is studied. For a class of such systems, a control algorithm is proposed to maintain the connections among the agents while avoiding collisions. Furthermore, a radial basis function neural network is used in the design to precisely approximate the nonlinear function for the nonlinear terms in the model. Then, a dynamic sliding mode control method is proposed to suppress the chattering phenomenon that may arise due to the sliding mode control. A sufficient condition for the system to achieve fixed‐time formation is obtained by using different methods, such as Lyapunov stability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by example. Simulation experiments reveal that the proposed method has faster error convergence and better robust control than conventional algorithms.
Convolutional neural networks to classify human stress that occurs during in‐field sugarcane harvesting: A case study
Authors: Modi Rajesh U. , Singh Sukhbir , Singh Akhilesh K. , Blessy Vallokkunnel A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAssessing human stress in agriculture proves to be a complex and time‐intensive endeavor within the field of ergonomics, particularly for the development of agricultural systems. This methodology involves the utilization of instrumentation and the establishment of a dedicated laboratory setup. The complexity arises from the need to capture and analyze various physiological and psychological indicators, such as heart rate (HR), muscle activity, and subjective feedback to comprehensively assess the impact of farm operations on subjects. The instrumentation typically includes wearable devices, sensors, and monitoring equipment to gather real‐time data of subject during the performance of farm operations. Deep learning (DL) models currently achieve human performance levels on real‐world face recognition tasks. In this study, we went beyond face recognition and experimented with the recognition of human stress based on facial features during the drudgery‐prone agricultural operation of sugarcane harvesting. This is the first research study for deploying artificial intelligence‐driven DL techniques to identify human stress in agriculture instead of monitoring several ergonomic characteristics. A total of 20 (10 each for male and female) subjects comprising 4300 augmented RGB images (215 per subject) were acquired during sugarcane harvesting seasons and then these images were deployed for training (80%) and validation (20%). Human stress and nonstress states were determined based on four ergonomic physiological parameters: heart rate (ΔHR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), energy expenditure rate (EER), and acceptable workload (AWL). Stress was defined when ΔHR, OCR, EER, and AWL reached or exceeded certain standard threshold values. Four convolutional neural network‐based DL models (1) DarkNet53, (2) InceptionV3, (3) MobileNetV2 and (4) ResNet50 were selected due to their remarkable feature extraction abilities, simple and effective implementation to edge computation devices. In all four DL models, training performance results delivered training accuracy ranging from 73.8% to 99.1% at combinations of two mini‐batch sizes and four levels of epochs. The maximum training accuracies were 99.1%, 99.0%, 97.7%, and 95.4% at the combination of mini‐batch size 16 and 25 epochs for DarkNet53, InceptionV3, ResNet50, and MobileNetV2, respectively. Due to the best performance, DarkNet53 was tested further on an independent data set of 100 images and found 89.8%–93.3% confident to classify stressed images for female subjects while 92.2%–94.5% for male subjects, though it was trained on the integrated data set. The comparative classification of the developed model and ergonomic measurements for stress classification was carried out with a net accuracy of 88% where there were few instances of wrong classifications.
Impact of Co and Cu co‐doping on the Structural, Electrical, Magnetic and Solar Light Driven Photo‐Catalytic Properties of NiFe2O4Nano‐crystals for Crystal Violet Dye Removal
Authors: Bibi Firdous , Jamshaid Muhammad , Iqbal Shahid , Al‐Mohaimeed Amal M. , Al‐onazi Weda A. , Ahmed Adeel , Kalsoom Ambreen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHerein, we have synthesised cobalt (Co) and copper (Cu) co‐doped Ni‐ferrite Ni1‐xCoxFe2‐yCuyO4nanocrystals (NCs) via the facile micro‐emulsion method. The materials were analysed for various physio‐chemical characterizations to investigate the co‐doping (Co and Cu) effects on magnetic, structural, electrical, photo‐catalytic properties. The structural analysis via Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐rays diffraction (XRD) showed the successful fabrication of Co and Cu co‐doped materials with cubic spinel geometry having a single phase, the crystallite size was observed in 15 to 24 nm range. The electrical response measured using current‐voltage (I–V) analysis showed good electrical features, the electrical resistivity declined from 6.85×107 Ohm.cm for un‐doped materials to 0.04×107 Ohm.cm for co‐doped materials, which was accredited due to the synergistic effects of Co and Cu metal cations in co‐doped Ni‐based ferrite structures. Magnetic investigation using VSM analysis showed increased saturation magnetization (Ms 31.32 to 50.75 emu/g) and coercivity (218.76 to 406.82 Oe) because of the higher magnetic responses of Co2+ions in the co‐doped spinel ferrite NCs. BET surface‐area analysis showed good porosity for co‐doped materials with an increased surface area of 52 to 104 m2/g on co‐doping. The Tauc's plot described the decline of band‐gap energies value (Egs) (1.99 eV) in co‐doped (x=y=0.56) materials as compared to (2.16 eV) of the un‐doped NiFe2O4materials, which is due to more electrical responses of Co and Cu co‐dopant cations that possess higher energy levels, which can stabilize the charge carrier‘s species. Furthermore, the photo‐degradation using solar light showed good removal of crystal violet (CV) dye, which was almost 94.14 % by co‐doped material; however, by un‐doped material, it was 38.044 %. The scavenger experiment shows that the (OH⋅) hydroxyl radicals and (e−/h+) species play a prime role in the degradation of CV dye. Recycling and recoverability tests for five cycles’ exhibited outstanding stability of the photocatalyst with only 1.7 % losses in activity. Overall, our results showed that co‐doped Ni1‐xCoxFe2‐yCuyO4NCs materials exhibited enhancement in the magnetic, electrical, photo‐catalytic properties and a decline in band‐gap energy values as compared to un‐doped NiFe2O4, which might have potential use in magnetic and electrical devices as well as solar‐driven photo‐catalyst materials for the remediation of environmental pollution.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Promising Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Activities for New Imidazo[1,2‐A]Pyridine‐Derived Imines
Authors: Moutaouakil Mohamed , Moutaouakil Soumia , Roby Othmane , Tighadouini Said , Saddik Rafik 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis study presents the synthesis of a novel series of imine derivatives derived from imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine as potential therapeutic agents. The imines were obtained by condensing 2‐(4‐bromophenyl)‐6‐chloroimidazo[1,2‐a]pyridine‐3‐carbaldehyde with primary amines, leading to high‐purity products that were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques. The compounds demonstrated promising in vitro antimicrobial activity against various bacteria, including Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, as well as fungi, such as Candida albicans, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Aspergillus brasiliensis. Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of the imine derivatives were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS techniques, and the IC50 values measured revealed their ability to scavenge free radicals. Overall, this study provides a valuable contribution to the field of pharmacology by synthesizing a new series of imine derivatives with significant potential as new therapeutic agents, exhibiting both antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.
Noninvasive platelet membrane‐coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles identify vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques
Authors: Li Yuyu , Wang Yujie , Xia Zequn , Xie Yangjing , Ke Daozheng , Song Bing , Mu Dan , Yu Ronghui , Xie Jun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractVulnerable atherosclerotic plaques serve as the primary pathological basis for fatal cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The precise identification and treatment of these vulnerable plaques hold paramount clinical importance in mitigating the incidence of myocardial infarction and stroke. Nevertheless, the identification of vulnerable plaques within the diffuse atherosclerotic plaques dispersed throughout the systemic circulation continues to pose a substantial challenge in clinical practice. Double emulsion solvent evaporation method, specifically the water‐in‐oil‐in‐water (W/O/W) technique, was employed to fabricate Fe3O4‐based poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PLGA). Platelet membranes (PM) were extracted through hypotonic lysis, followed by ultrasound‐assisted encapsulation onto the surface of Fe3O4@PLGA, resulting in the formation of PM‐coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (PM/Fe3O4@PLGA). Characterization of PM/Fe3O4@PLGA involved the use of dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, western blotting, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A model of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques was constructed by carotid artery coarctation and a high‐fat diet fed to ApoE−/− (Apolipoprotein E knockout) mice. Immunofluorescence and MRI techniques were employed to verify the functionality of PM/Fe3O4@PLGA. In this study, we initially synthesized Fe3O4@PLGA as the core material. Subsequently, a platelet membrane was employed as a coating for the Fe3O4@PLGA, aiming to enable the detection of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques through MRI. In vitro, PM/Fe3O4@PLGA not only exhibited excellent biosafety but also showed targeted collagen characteristics and MR imaging performance. In vivo, the adhesion of PM/Fe3O4@PLGA to atherosclerotic lesions was confirmed in a mouse model of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. Simultaneously, PM/Fe3O4@PLGA as a novel contrast agent for MRI has shown effective identification of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. In terms of safety profile in vivo, PM/Fe3O4@PLGA has not demonstrated significant organ toxicity or inflammatory response in the bloodstream. In this study, we successfully developed a platelet‐membrane‐coated nanoparticle system for the targeted delivery of Fe3O4@PLGA to vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. This innovative system allows for the visualization of vulnerable plaques using MRI, thereby demonstrating its potential for enhancing the clinical diagnosis of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.
Exploring the influence of carbonate minerals on the performance, volume stability, and phase composition of alkali‐activated waste glass binder at high temperatures
Authors: Shereiqi Amira A. , Al‐Jabri Khalifa , Meddah Mohammed S. , Saleh Alaa A. , Elrahman Mohammed Abd , Abdel‐Gawwad Hamdy A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAlkali‐activated waste glass (AA‐WG) has received much attention because to its high mechanical properties achieved with low energy demand. However, AA‐WG exhibits low stability, including volume expansion, porosity increment, and a reduction in compressive strength. Enhancing the stability of AA‐WG could improve its commercial viability and expand its range of applications. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the role of calcite CaCO3 (CC) and magnesite MgCO3 (MC) in enhancing the physicomechanical properties and phase composition of AA‐WG at elevated temperatures. The proposed strategy includes replacing WG with different contents of CC and MC, followed by activation with a 4 M NaOH solution and curing at 100°C for 24 h. The hardened samples were then exposed to 800°C for a 2 h holding time to evaluate the thermal stability of the AA‐WG, AA‐WG‐CC, and AA‐WG‐MC mixtures. The results demonstrated that increasing the CC content up to 50 wt.% significantly enhanced the compressive strength of the AA‐WG when cured at 100°C, while the incorporation of MC caused a negative effect. Surprisingly, an opposite trend was observed at a higher temperature of 800°C, where the samples containing MC exhibit better mechanical and physical performance compared to those with CC. The variation in the type, composition, and weight loss upon ignition of the carbonate‐based minerals significantly influenced the stability and phase composition of the thermally exposed AA‐WG. Although the sample with 50 wt.% MC showed higher volume shrinkage, it demonstrated higher compressive strength (~82 MPa) at 800°C than the sample with 50 wt.% CC (~7 MPa). This difference can be attributed to the formation of diopside CaMgSi2O6 and forsterite Mg2SiO4, which have higher crystallinity, specific gravity, and hardness compared to wollastonite CaSiO3 and the tri‐calcium silicate phases Ca3SiO4.
Otitis media/interna and encephalitozoonosis are the most common causes of head tilt in pet rabbits in the UK: 73 cases (2009‒2020)
Authors: Liatis Theofanis , Makri Nikoleta , Czopowicz Michał , Richardson Jenna , Nuttall Tim , Suñol Anna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere are limited studies that identify diseases associated with head tilt in pet rabbits.MethodsThis was an observational, retrospective, single‐centre study of rabbits with head tilt presented between 2009 and 2020. Descriptive statistics were performed for all cases, whereas univariate and multivariate analyses were only performed for the 36 cases with a final diagnosis.ResultsSeventy‐three rabbits met the inclusion criteria. The final diagnoses included Encephalitozoon cuniculi meningoencephalomyelitis (EC) (15/36; 41.7%), otitis media/interna (OMI) (8/36; 22.2%) and concurrent EC and OMI (13/38; 36.1%). Subacute‐to‐chronic onset was more common in rabbits with OMI than in those with EC (p = 0.018). Previous middle ear surgery (p = 0.046) and a diagnosis of otitis externa (p = 0.004) significantly increased the risk of OMI. Meloxicam was associated with improvement of clinical signs (p = 0.007). Upright ears (p = 0.013), recumbency (p = 0.037) and impaired mentation (p = 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of death/euthanasia. The proportions of residual head tilt (66.7%) and relapse of vestibular signs (42.1%) were high.LimitationsThis was a retrospective study with cases varying in their investigation and conclusive final diagnoses.ConclusionOMI and EC were the most common aetiologies of head tilt in pet rabbits in the UK. Meloxicam might be associated with a favourable outcome in affected rabbits. Paired EC serology and a CT scan of the head should be the baseline investigation for head tilt in rabbits.
On‐campus student employment as a form of leadership development
Authors: Marshall Daniel R. , Guthrie Kathy L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStudent employment is a common co‐curricular activity among undergraduate students. Previous studies have primarily focused on the impact of employment on academic outcomes and post‐graduation labor market success. Although there is an assumption that on‐campus student employment influences leadership learning, there is a lack of research directly exploring this topic. Therefore, this study explores how on‐campus student employment influences leadership capacity development in undergraduate students who worked in a department in Student Affairs. Findings suggest that on‐campus student employment influenced leadership capacity development in undergraduate students.
Manufacturing of non-grain-oriented electrical steels: review
Authors: Karami Rasoul , Butler David , Tamimi Saeed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmong soft magnetic materials, non-grain-oriented electrical steel (NGOES) has emerged as a promising option for various applications. NGOES material plays a crucial role across the entire energy value chain, spanning from power generation through generators to the consumption of electrical energy in electric motors and appliances within the electrical components industry which can lead to a notable enhancement in the performance of electric motors. NGOES are widely used for soft magnetic applications due to their cost and also their superior magnetic properties, including high electrical resistivity, excellent saturation magnetization, and minimal magnetostriction. NGOES are anticipated to serve as a driving force in the future global market for electric power consumption. The magnetic properties of NGOES are profoundly influenced by metallurgical factors such as Si content, grain size, crystallographic texture, sheet thickness, and surface roughness. These crucial variables play a crucial role in shaping the magnetic characteristics of NGOES materials which will be covered in this review paper. This paper provides an overview of different manufacturing routes for NGOES, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of these processes. Moreover, alternative manufacturing techniques and their capability to optimize the microstructure and to fabricate high Si NGOES sheets are discussed. Also, it addresses the challenges associated with mass-producing materials with high Si content using traditional methods. These advancements in this area present promising opportunities for enhancing the manufacturing processes of NGOES and ultimately enhancing the performance of future electrical machines and generators.
On the limit points of an infinitely repeated rational expectations equilibrium
Authors: Pesce Marialaura , Urbinati Niccolò , Yannelis Nicholas C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWe study the rational expectations equilibrium (REE) in the framework of a repeated economy. In each repetition agents observe the sequence of asymmetric REE’s occurred in the past to update their private information. We show that, in the limit, agents reach a symmetric information REE which exists universally (and not generically) and it is Pareto efficient and obviously incentive compatible. We also prove the converse result, i.e., given a symmetric information REE, we can construct a sequence of approximate asymmetric REE allocations that converges to the symmetric information REE. In view of the above results, the symmetric information REE provides a rationalization for the asymmetric one.
A novel liver-function-indicators-based prognosis signature for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with anti-programmed cell death-1 therapy
Authors: Zheng Zehao , Mei Jie , Guan Renguo , Zhang Jiqi , Xiong Xinhao , Gan Junyu , Li Shaohua , Guo Rongping 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
The liver function reserve has a significant impact on the therapeutic effects of anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the ability of liver-function-based indicators to predict prognosis and construct a novel prognostic score for HCC patients with anti-PD-1 immunotherapy.

Methods
Between July 2018 and January 2020, patients diagnosed with HCC who received anti-PD-1 treatment were screened for inclusion in the study. The valuable prognostic liver-function-based indicators were selected using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to build a novel liver-function-indicators-based signature (LFIS). Concordance index (C-index), the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), and Kaplan–Meier survival curves were utilized to access the predictive performance of LFIS.

Results
A total of 434 HCC patients who received anti-PD-1 treatment were included in the study. The LFIS, based on alkaline phosphatase-to-albumin ratio index, Child–Pugh score, platelet-albumin score, aspartate aminotransferase-to-lymphocyte ratio index, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase-to-lymphocyte ratio index, was constructed and identified as an independent risk factor for patient survival. The C-index of LFIS for overall survival (OS) was 0.692, which was higher than the other single liver-function-based indicator. The AUC of LFIS at 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-month were 0.74, 0.714, 0.747, and 0.865 for OS, respectively. Patients in the higher-risk LFIS group were associated with both worse OS and PFS. An online and easy-to-use calculator was further constructed for better application of the LFIS signature.

Conclusion
The LFIS score had an excellent prognosis prediction ability superior to every single liver-function-based indicator for anti-PD-1 treatment in HCC patients. It is a reliable, easy-to-use tool to stratify risk for OS and PFS in HCC patients who received anti-PD-1 treatment.