bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Separation of kinetic rate orders in extreme ultraviolet transient grating spectroscopy
Authors: Marroux Hugo J B , Polishchuk Serhii , Cannelli Oliviero , Ingle Rebecca A , Mancini Giulia F , Bacellar Camila , Puppin Michele , Geneaux Romain , Knopp Gregor , Foglia Laura , Pedersoli Emanuele , Capotondi Flavio , Nikolov Ivaylo Petrov , Bencivenga Filippo , Mincigrucci Riccardo , Masciovecchio Claudio , Chergui Majed 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) transient grating (TG) experiment of the spinel Co3O4 compound using tuneable incident energies across the Co M2,3-edge and a 395 nm probe pulse, detecting both the first and the second diffraction orders (SDOs). While the first diffraction order shows a monotonous behavior as a function of time, with a sharp response at t = 0, followed by a weak sub-picosecond component and a nearly constant signal thereafter, the time dependence of SDO varies dramatically with the incident energy as it is tuned across the Co M-edge, with the appearance of a component at t > 1 ps that grows with increasing energy. The results are rationalized in terms of the deviations of the initial grating from sinusoidal to non-sinusoidal, namely a flattening of the grating pattern, that introduces new Fourier components. These deviations are due to higher order, three-body terms in the population relaxation kinetics. The present results highlight the use of the SDO response in EUV TG as a tool to identify higher order terms in the population kinetics.
R-Matrix calculations for opacities: II. Photoionization and oscillator strengths of iron ions Fe xvii, Fe xviii and Fe xix
Authors: Nahar S N , Zhao L , Eissner W , Pradhan A K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Iron is the dominant heavy element that plays an important role in radiation transport in stellar interiors. Owing to its abundance and large number of bound levels and transitions, iron ions determine the opacity more than any other astrophysically abundant element. A few iron ions constitute the abundance and opacity of iron at the base of the convection zone (BCZ) at the boundary between the solar convection and radiative zones and are the focus of the present study. Together, Fe xvii, Fe xviii and Fe xix represent 85% of iron ion fractions, 20%, 39% and 26% respectively, at the BCZ physical conditions of temperature T ∼

2.11
×

10
6

K and electron density

N

e

=

3.1
×

10

22

c.c. We report the most extensive R-matrix atomic calculations for these ions for bound–bound and bound–free transitions, the two main processes of radiation absorption. We consider wavefunction expansions with 218 target or core ion fine structure levels of Fe xviii for Fe xvii, 276 levels of Fe xix for Fe xviii, in the Breit–Pauli R-matrix (BPRM) approximation, and 180 LS terms (equivalent to 415 fine structure levels) of Fe xx for Fe xix calculations. These large target expansions, which include core ion excitations to n = 2,3,4 complexes, enable accuracy and convergence of photoionization cross sections, as well as the inclusion of high lying resonances. The resulting R-matrix datasets include 454 bound levels for Fe xvii, 1,174 levels for Fe xviii, and 1,626 for Fe xix up to

n
⩽

10 and l = 0–9. Corresponding datasets of oscillator strengths for photoabsorption are: 20 951 transitions for Fe xvii, 141 869 for Fe xviii, and 289 291 for Fe xix. Photoionization cross sections have been obtained for all bound fine structure levels of Fe xvii and Fe xviii, and for 900 bound LS states of Fe xix. Selected results demonstrating prominent characteristic features of photoionization are presented, particularly the strong Seaton photoexcitation-of-core resonances formed via high-lying core excitations with

Δ
n
=
1

that significantly impact bound–free opacity.
Ferroelectric polymorphic phenomena in the layered antiferromagnet Cu(OH)2
Authors: Sau Subhajit , Behatha Anuroopa , Garcia-Castro A C , Vaitheeswaran G , Kanchana V 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ferroic orders and their associated structural phase transitions are paramount in the understanding of a multitude of unconventional condensed matter phenomena. On this note, our investigation focuses on the polymorphic ferroelectric (FE) phase transitions of Copper(II) hydroxide, Cu(OH)2, considering an antiferromagnetic ground state. By employing the first-principles studies and group theory analysis, we have provided a systematic theoretical investigation of vibrational properties in the hypothetical Cmcm high-symmetry phase to unveil the symmetry-allowed ferroic phases. We identified a non-polar to polar (

C
m
c

2
1

) phase transition, in which the displacive transformation is primarily responsible for the phase change induced by two

B

1
u

(

i
.
e
.

Γ
2
−

) phonon modes within the centrosymmetric phase. We also observed the existence of two polar structures with the same space group and different degrees of polarization (

i
.
e
.

Ps
= 3.06 µC·cm−2 and Ps
= 42.41 µC·cm−2), emerging from the high symmetry non-polar structure. According to the structural analysis the FE order, of a geometric nature, is driven by the

Γ
2
−

mode in which the O- and H-sites displacements lead the polar distortion with a minor contribution from the Cu-sites. Interestingly, the 3d
9:Cu2+ Jahn–Teller distortion coupled with the orientational shifts of O–H atoms enhances the polarization.
Investigation of magnetic exchange interactions in Cr-doped

Ca

0.5

Sr

0.5

RuO

3
Authors: Brar Jaskirat , Bindu R 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The value of Curie temperature (T
C) and resistivity for

Ca

0.5

Sr

0.5

Ru

1
−
x

Cr

x

O

3

are found to increase with increase in x from 0 to 0.1. The T
C increases from 38 K to 107 K. In this work, we investigate the increment using spin polarised density functional theory. The compounds exhibit Griffiths phase. Our results show that to understand the behaviour of the increase in T

C

, it is important to consider not only the competing super exchange and super–super exchange interactions between Ru/Cr–Ru/Cr ion pairs but also the increment in the value of the magnetic moment due to the localized character of the dopant (Cr) ion. Our results suggest that the increased resistivity with Cr doping could be due to increased scattering rate and strong on-site coulomb repulsion due to Cr doping. It is also important to note that the behaviour of T

C

with the Ru–O–Ru bond angle is not in line with the functional form reported for ferrites, chromites and some ferromagnetic oxides. We believe that our results will be helpful in further exploring the origin of magnetism and transport on Cr doping in perovskite ruthenates.
A novel method for measuring roll angle
Authors: Zhang Ping-an , Gao Min , Wang Wei , Wang Yi , Su Xu-jun , Che Jin-li 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The precise measurement of the spin speed of a high-speed autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle (HSA-UAV) is a key element in mastering flight stability, and the measurement of roll angle is the key to determining the accuracy of navigation control systems. We put forward a novel method for measuring roll angle. This method starts from the time–frequency domain analysis of the output signal of the geomagnetic sensor, extracts the time–frequency ridge of the time–frequency matrix (TFM) to obtain the spin speed of the HSA-UAV, and reconstructs the output signal of the geomagnetic sensor. It can calculate the roll angle when the calibration parameters of the geomagnetic sensor are unknown and have good engineering practical value. In addition, we also propose an improved nonlinear short-time Fourier transform with high-frequency resolution and a forward penalty dynamic path ridge-extraction method with frequency jump suppression to extract instantaneous frequency in the TFM.
Development and calibration of large deformation-compliant six-axis force sensor
Authors: Huang Xiaoming , Yin Zhongjun , Li Mingge , Liu Quan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Improving the measurement accuracy and minimising the coupling between directions are the keys to researching the compliant six-axis force sensors. The use of a six-axis force sensor to accurately monitor the ground reaction force and centre of pressure during human motion is of great significance in the fields of biomechanics and pathological gait diagnosis. Although complete force information can be obtained using a commercial six-axis force sensor, its high stiffness affects the natural gait and easily leads to human fatigue. A compliant six-axis force sensor based on a flexible optical waveguide is proposed, in which the force and torque of six dimensions are detected by reasonably arranging six modular sensing units, and the mechanical decoupling of some dimensions is realised in theory. For the interdimensional coupling and error caused by machining process factors, as well as the nonlinear relationship between the input and output of the proposed compliant six-axis force sensor, a DE-RBF decoupling algorithm is proposed to decouple the calibration data. Compared with the least squares method (LSM) and the radial basis function (RBF) neural network decoupling algorithm, the obtained type-I errors were reduced by 87.7629%, 43.6265%, respectively, and type-II errors by 35.3312%, 56.9162%, respectively. The decoupling result’s maximum type-I and type-II errors were reduced from 7.7125% and 2.7382% in LSM and 3.1029% and 2.8917% in RBF to 0.5916% and 0.9558%, respectively. The measurement accuracy of the compliant six-axis force sensor was significantly higher; however, the time effectiveness of the proposed DE-RBF decoupling algorithm was slightly lower than that of the RBF neural network by 2.47%. In conclusion, the decoupling accuracy and timeliness of the proposed DE-RBF decoupling algorithm can satisfy the requirements of compliant six-axis force sensors to monitor low-frequency biomechanical signals, such as human motion.
A deep-learning image registration method for pressure-sensitive paint measurements
Authors: Di Yida , Gu Feng , Liu Yingzheng , Peng Di 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Image registration is an essential step in the data processing of pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) measurements. As PSP technology is gradually expanded to increasingly harsh environments, it faces challenges such as severe image misalignment due to model deformations/motions, which pose difficulties to traditional feature-based registration algorithms. To improve registration accuracy and efficiency, we propose an end-to-end image registration method based on deep learning. Initially, a PSP dataset based on PSP images is constructed through data augmentation. Three types of residual network and three training strategies are then adopted to prepare the deep-learning model for automatic image registration. The optimal combination of the residual network and training strategy is selected for validation using fabricated PSP images and outperforms two traditional algorithms (i.e., the Sift and Watershed methods). Finally, the performance of the deep-learning method is compared with that of traditional algorithms adopting a new metric of the overlapping rate for assessing the registration accuracy on experimental PSP images. The results show that the deep learning method outperforms the traditional algorithms in terms of registration accuracy and robustness.
Synthesis of flowerlike vanadium diselenide microspheres for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Wang Weiqiang , Zhang Xuchen , Wang Weitao , Xue Yinhui , Sheng Daohu , Xie Mengkai , Xie Aming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The revelation of MoS2 as an efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing material has ratcheted up people’s attention to other transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). To date, extensive studies have been conducted on the semiconducting VIB-Group TMDs while research into metallic VB-Group TMDs has been relatively rare. In this work, we successfully fabricated VB-Group VSe2 microspheres through a facile one-step hydrothermal method and used them as EMW absorbers. The flowerlike VSe2 microspheres based on VSe2 nanosheets exhibited a minimum reflection loss of 46.58 dB with an effective absorption bandwidth of 4.86 GHz. The influence of material morphology, microstructure, and dielectric properties on the EMW absorption performance was systematically investigated. The hierarchically layered structure promoted dielectric loss and EMW absorption by means of multiple reflection, interfacial polarization and related relaxation, and enhanced attenuation ability. This work not only demonstrates that VSe2 is potentially a high-efficiency single component EMW absorber, but also provides fresh insights into exploration on the EMW loss mechanisms of the metallic TMD-based absorbing materials.
Adequate laser focusing and signal acquisition conditions for 3D measurement of electric-field distribution by the E-FISHG method
Authors: Sogame Masataka , Nakamura Shin , Sato Masahiro , Fujii Takashi , Kumada Akiko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Electric field measurement using electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation (E-FISHG) has attracted attention because of its non-invasiveness and high spatiotemporal resolution. In the electric field measurement by the E-FISHG method, the applied electric-field profile along the laser path outside the focal spot affects the second-harmonic generation (SHG) signal. We have proposed a method of calibrating and inferring the applied electric-field profile from the SHG distribution along the laser path. In our previous research, the successful inference of a relatively simple electric-field profile from a series of SHG signals was demonstrated. To measure more complex electric-field profiles, we apply our method to three cases of electric-field profiles: (1) the profile with different sharpness, (2) the profile with two peaks, and (3) the profile with noise superimposed on the SHG signal. The applied electric-field distribution can be inferred within 10% error by adequately choosing the confocal parameter. We also provide guidelines for the required signal acquisition region and measurement pitch when the approximate shape of the applied electric field is known, which are important for actual measurement.
A novel state-resolved actinometry method to determine the nitrogen atom number density in the ground state and intra-shell excited states in low-pressure electron cyclotron resonance plasmas
Authors: Zhu Xi-Ming , Wang Lu , Wang Yan-Fei , Wang Yang , Yu Da-Ren , Bartschat Klaus 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The active-particle number density is a key parameter for plasma material processing, space propulsion, and plasma-assisted combustion. The traditional actinometry method focuses on measuring the density of the atoms in the ground state, but there is a lack of an effective optical emission spectroscopy method to measure intra-shell excited-state densities. The latter atoms have chemical selectivity and higher energy, and they can easily change the material morphology as well as the ionization and combustion paths. In this work, we present a novel state-resolved actinometry (SRA) method, supported by a krypton line-ratio method for the electron temperature and density, to measure the number densities of nitrogen atoms in the ground and intra-shell excited states. The SRA method is based on a collisional-radiative model, considering the kinetics of atomic nitrogen and krypton including their excited states. The densities measured by our method are compared with those obtained from a dissociative model in a miniature electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma source. Furthermore, the saturation effect, in which the electron density remains constant due to the microwave propagation in an ECR plasma once the power reaches a certain value, is used to verify the electron density measured by the line-ratio method. An ionization balance model is also presented to examine the measured electron temperature. All the values obtained with the different methods are in good agreement with each other, and hence a set of verified rate coefficient data used in our method can be provided. A novel concept, the ‘excited-state system’, is presented to quickly build an optical diagnostic method based on the analysis of quantum number propensity and selection rules.
Limitations in design and applications of ultra-small mode volume photonic crystals
Authors: Emran Rubaiya , Chalupnik Michelle , Knall Erik N , Riedinger Ralf , Chia Cleaven , Lončar Marko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ultra-small mode volume nanophotonic crystal cavities have been proposed as powerful tools for increasing coupling rates in cavity quantum electrodynamics systems. However, their adoption in quantum information applications remains elusive. In this work, we investigate possible reasons why, and analyze the impact of different low mode volume resonator design choices on their utility in quantum optics experiments. We analyze band structure features and loss rates of low mode volume bowtie cavities in diamond and demonstrate independent design control over cavity-emitter coupling strength and loss rates. Further, using silicon vacancy centers in diamond as exemplary emitters, we investigate the influence of placement imprecision. We find that the benefit on photon collection efficiency and indistinguishability is limited, while the fabrication complexity of ultra-small cavity designs increases substantially compared to conventional photonic crystals. We conclude that ultra-small mode volume designs are primarily of interest for dispersive spin-photon interactions, which are of great interest for future quantum networks.
Influence of source parameters on the longitudinal phase-space distribution of a pulsed cryogenic beam of barium fluoride molecules
Authors: Mooij M C , Bethlem H L , Boeschoten A , Borschevsky A , Esajas K , Fikkers T H , Hoekstra S , van Hofslot J W F , Jungmann K , Marshall V R , Meijknecht T B , Timmermans R G E , Touwen A , Ubachs W , Willmann L , Yin Y ,   NL-eEDM collaboration
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Recently, we have demonstrated a method to record the longitudinal phase-space distribution of a pulsed cryogenic buffer gas cooled beam of barium fluoride molecules with high resolution. In this paper, we use this method to determine the influence of various source parameters. Besides the expected dependence on temperature and pressure, the forward velocity of the molecules is strongly correlated with the time they exit the cell, revealing the dynamics of the gas inside the cell. Three observations are particularly noteworthy: (1) The velocity of the barium fluoride molecules increases rapidly as a function of time, reaches a maximum 50–200  µs after the ablation pulse and then decreases exponentially. We attribute this to the buffer gas being heated up by the plume of hot atoms released from the target by the ablation pulse and subsequently being cooled down via conduction to the cell walls. (2) The time constant associated with the exponentially decreasing temperature increases when the source is used for a longer period of time, which we attribute to the formation of a layer of isolating dust on the walls of the cell. By thoroughly cleaning the cell, the time constant is reset to its initial value. (3) The velocity of the molecules at the trailing end of the molecular pulse depends on the length of the cell. For short cells, the velocity is significantly higher than expected from the sudden freeze model. We attribute this to the target remaining warm over the duration of the molecular pulse giving rise to a temperature gradient within the cell. Our observations will help to optimize the source parameters for producing the most intense molecular beam at the target velocity.
Introduction
Authors: Halberstam Chaya T 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe Introduction begins by surveying several stories from the Hebrew Bible and examining what they convey about justice and judgment. It schematizes different models of judgment, relating in particular to divine intervention, direct or indirect, in reaching a verdict. It identifies the characteristics of two key elements of the study: trial stories and counternarratives. Trial stories are identified both as a universal type-scene and also cast within more specific, ancient contexts. Counternarratives are defined as stories that are positioned against dominant cultural narratives. The chapter also describes the main objective of the book and outlines the plan of the book, summarizing each chapter.
Dissolving Trials in Josephus’sJewish Antiquities
Authors: Halberstam Chaya T 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores some of the many trial stories in the ancient Jewish historian Flavius Josephus’s Jewish Antiquities. Josephus extols the God-given Jewish law and commends it for giving rise to a perfectly harmonious society. However, the trials he narrates rarely end in a verdict. Most of Josephus’s trial scenes conclude with some kind of negotiation or postponement of the case. Josephus often spells out and nearly always implies the calamitous results of a decision (even when it may be true, or just) rendered against a litigant with some measure of power (either institutional or popular). The chapter reveals the ways in which Josephus uses trial stories to wed relational and contextual reasoning with more detached historical judgments about justice. He thus presents a more politically prudent—if not necessarily more just—form of judicial decision-making.
Parables of Judgment in Tannaitic Literature
Authors: Halberstam Chaya T 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTannaitic texts promote legal logic as the only acceptable form of dispute resolution, in keeping with the requirement to scrupulously uphold God’s Torah. However, rabbinic homiletics often include observations about the broader aims of social justice in which detached, legal decision-making falls short. This chapter argues that the many hypotheticals or paths raised but not taken in tannaitic texts suggest other modes of contextual and relational reasoning; many of these paths would better promote the values of equality and social good will. The chapter also closely analyses an explicit exegetical and moral debate staged in the Tosefta between two distinct modes of judicial decision-making. The authoritative and legally precise judge who segregates himself from the litigants and enforces God’s law is set in opposition to the mediator who guides litigants through negotiation and compromise to arrive at a peaceful and just resolution. The Tosefta does not decide between them.
Toleration and The State of Nature
Authors: Reznick Scott M 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe chapter reassesses the Lockean dimensions of James Fenimore Cooper’s fiction, arguing that Locke’s concern with toleration, not property, was the more important influence on Cooper’s last two Leatherstocking novels. By analyzing the state-of-nature-like settings of The Pathfinder (1840) and The Deerslayer (1841), it examines how Cooper emphasizes the parallels between cultivating a responsiveness to nature’s sublimity and fostering an openness toward human difference in response to the moral and political divisiveness of the 1830s. In doing so, Cooper offers an important revision to Edmund Burke’s concept of the sublime and how it bears on social life.