bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico models of cancer
Authors: Edelman Lucas B. , Eddy James A. , Price Nathan D. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractCancer is a complex disease that involves multiple types of biological interactions across diverse physical, temporal, and biological scales. This complexity presents substantial challenges for the characterization of cancer biology, and motivates the study of cancer in the context of molecular, cellular, and physiological systems. Computational models of cancer are being developed to aid both biological discovery and clinical medicine. The development of these in silico models is facilitated by rapidly advancing experimental and analytical tools that generate information‐rich, high‐throughput biological data. Statistical models of cancer at the genomic, transcriptomic, and pathway levels have proven effective in developing diagnostic and prognostic molecular signatures, as well as in identifying perturbed pathways. Statistically inferred network models can prove useful in settings where data overfitting can be avoided, and provide an important means for biological discovery. Mechanistically based signaling and metabolic models that apply a priori knowledge of biochemical processes derived from experiments can also be reconstructed where data are available, and can provide insight and predictive ability regarding the behavior of these systems. At longer length scales, continuum and agent‐based models of the tumor microenvironment and other tissue‐level interactions enable modeling of cancer cell populations and tumor progression. Even though cancer has been among the most‐studied human diseases using systems approaches, significant challenges remain before the enormous potential of in silico cancer biology can be fully realized. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.This article is categorized under:

Models of Systems Properties and Processes > Cellular Models
Learning from SimCity: An empirical study of Turkish adolescents
Authors: Tanes Zeynep , Cemalcilar Zeynep 
Published: November 2009

ABSTRACTSimCity is a system simulation game frequently used in educational settings. This study investigates whether playing SimCity could change Turkish adolescents' perception of the city they live in. We hypothesized that playing the game would lead to perceptional changes in the players regarding their ideal and real cities. Two hundred forty eight 13‐year old Turkish adolescents attending 7th grade constituted the sample. Ninety adolescents played the game for six weeks. Their scores on various perception variables on city issues were compared to those of the control group's. Results showed that students in the experimental group changed their expectations of an ideal city to resemble the game, expected city authorities to pay greater attention to city issues, and reported higher level of distrust to city authorities at the post‐test compared to those in the control group. Findings are discussed in terms of the potential of SimCity in training informed citizens.
The role of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in experimental inflammation of mouse gut
Authors: Yang Jing , Yu Yanbo , Yu Hui , Zuo Xiuli , Liu Chunxi , Gao Lijun , Chen Zhe‐Yu , Li Yanqing 
Published: November 2009

AbstractPrevious studies suggested that brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might act as an important modulator in chronic pain states. However, no systematic study has used knock‐out mice to clarify its effect on visceral sensitivity. In the present study, 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) was administered to heterozygous (BDNF+/−) knock‐out and wild‐type (BDNF+/+) mice to induce colitis. Visceral response to colorectal distension (CRD) and bladder reactivity were recorded. Results demonstrated that in normal state, BDNF+/−and BDNF+/+mice did not differ in the visceral response to CRD at <60 mm Hg pressure and the bladder reactivity; however, with ≥60 mm Hg pressure, BDNF+/−mice showed a weaker visceral response to CRD. In inflammatory state of colitis, TNBS induced upregulation of BDNF in dorsal root ganglia of both genotypes while BDNF+/−mice showing significantly lower sensitivity in the colon at ≥30 mm Hg and lower sensitivity in bladder than BDNF+/+mice. The two genotypes showed no significant difference in inflammatory severity. Thus, BDNF deficiency results in developmental changes in colonic nociception in both control and inflammatory states, which are more significant in inflammatory state. For bladder reactivity, BDNF deficiency leads to lower sensitization in inflammatory state but has no effect in control state.Perspective:This article highlights the role of BDNF in colonic and referred bladder hyperalgesia in mice. The findings might help in determining novel pharmaceutical interventions targeted at BDNF to relieve abdominal pain.
Tribal Journalism
Authors: Silcock B. William 
Published: November 2009

The metaphors we use to think about changes in media have a lot to tell us about the particular moment we're in. — Steven Berlin Johnson Civilization is a stream with banks. The stream is sometimes filled with people, stealing, shouting, and doing the things historians usually record, while on the banks, unnoticed, people build homes, make love, raise children, sing songs, write poetry, and even whittle statues. The story of civilization is the story of what happened on the banks. Historians are pessimists because they ignore the banks for the river. — Will Durant.
A Systems Model of Vesicle Trafficking in Arabidopsis Pollen Tubes
Authors: Kato Naohiro , He Hongyu , Steger Alexander P. 
Published: November 2009

AbstractA systems model that describes vesicle trafficking during pollen tube growth in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) was constructed. The model is composed of ordinary differential equations that connect the molecular functions of genes expressed in pollen. The current model requires soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) and small GTPases, Arf or Rab, to reasonably predict tube growth as a function of time. Tube growth depends on vesicle trafficking that transports phospholipid and pectin to the tube tip. The vesicle trafficking genes identified by analyzing publicly available transcriptome data comprised 328 genes. Fourteen of them are up-regulated by the gibberellin signaling pathway during pollen development, which includes the SNARE genes SYP124 and SYP125 and the Rab GTPase gene RABA4D. The model results adequately fit the pollen tube growth of both previously reported wild-type and raba4d knockout lines. Furthermore, the difference of pollen tube growth in syp124/syp125 single and double mutations was quantitatively predicted based on the model analysis. In general, a systems model approach to vesicle trafficking arguably demonstrated the importance of the functional connections in pollen tube growth and can help guide future research directions.
Stem Cell Signaling in Arabidopsis Requires CRN to Localize CLV2 to the Plasma Membrane
Authors: Bleckmann Andrea , Weidtkamp-Peters Stefanie , Seidel Claus A.M. , Simon Ruݶdiger 
Published: November 2009

Abstract
Stem cell number in shoot and floral meristems of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) is regulated by the CLAVATA3 (CLV3) signaling pathway. Perception of the CLV3 peptide requires the receptor kinase CLV1, the receptor-like protein CLV2, and the kinase CORYNE (CRN). Genetic analysis suggested that CLV2 and CRN act together and in parallel with CLV1. We studied the intracellular localization of receptor fusions with fluorescent protein tags and their capacities for interaction via efficiency of fluorescence resonance energy transfer. We found that CLV2 and CRN require each other for export from the endoplasmic reticulum and localization to the plasma membrane (PM). CRN readily forms homomers and interacts with CLV2 through the transmembrane domain and adjacent juxtamembrane sequences. CLV1 forms homomers independently of CLV2 and CRN at the PM. We propose that the CLV3 signal is perceived by a tetrameric CLV2/CRN complex and a CLV1 homodimer that localize to the PM and can interact via CRN.
GNOM-LIKE1/ERMO1 and SEC24a/ERMO2 Are Required for Maintenance of Endoplasmic Reticulum Morphology inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Nakano Ryohei Thomas , Matsushima Ryo , Ueda Haruko , Tamura Kentaro , Shimada Tomoo , Li Lixin , Hayashi Yasuko , Kondo Maki , Nishimura Mikio , Hara-Nishimura Ikuko 
Published: November 2009

AbstractThe endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is composed of tubules, sheets, and three-way junctions, resulting in a highly conserved polygonal network in all eukaryotes. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the organization of these structures are obscure. To identify novel factors responsible for ER morphology, we employed a forward genetic approach using a transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plant (GFP-h) with fluorescently labeled ER. We isolated two mutants with defects in ER morphology and designated them endoplasmic reticulum morphology1 (ermo1) and ermo2. The cells of both mutants developed a number of ER-derived spherical bodies, ∼1 μm in diameter, in addition to the typical polygonal network of ER. The spherical bodies were distributed throughout the ermo1 cells, while they formed a large aggregate in ermo2 cells. We identified the responsible gene for ermo1 to be GNOM-LIKE1 (GNL1) and the gene for ermo2 to be SEC24a. Homologs of both GNL1 and SEC24a are involved in membrane trafficking between the ER and Golgi in yeast and animal cells. Our findings, however, suggest that GNL1/ERMO1 and SEC24a/ERMO2 have a novel function in ER morphology in higher plants.
A study on the job analysis of public libraries in Korea
Authors: Yoon Hee‐Yoon , Kim Sin‐Young 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyze jobs and duties involved in Korean public libraries and provide a clear picture of such issues.Design/methodology/approachAll of the various duties being executed in libraries are identified. Public libraries across the nation are requested to assist with our survey. Questionnaires are collected to survey the level of awareness of all the duties involved in public libraries and analyzed to determine the importance, difficulty, and professionalism of 194 library duties.FindingsThrough this study, perceived levels of frequency, importance, and difficulty of duties related to public libraries are surveyed and average values for each duty are compared and analyzed to formulate a standard job model and action plan.Originality/valueThis is the first paper to present a basic library duty model reflecting rapidly changing information technologies and information types of Korean public libraries based on a library duty analysis of advanced countries.
Assessment of knowledge management growth: a South Africa perspective
Authors: Kruger C.J. (Neels) , Johnson Roy D. 
Published: November 2009

PurposeWilson argues that knowledge management (KM) maturity is an extension of information management and effective management of work practices. Gallagher and Hazlett state that there is too much effort addressing technological concerns in KM while offering little practical assistance. Kruger and Snyman believe KM is a strategic resource with ICT and information management as enablers in establishing KM maturity. These three positions of KM growth and maturity reflect the huge spectrum of and diverse views. But, very little is known about the KM growth or maturity that occurs in different industries, or how employees and managers perceive growth in KM maturity. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approachFrom a large urban South African University engaged in numerous collaboration programmes with industry, the authors gain insight into the growth of KM in industry groupings over a five‐year period. The authors apply an inventory developed by Kruger and Snyman to a set of 86 organisations distributed over nine economic sectors in South Africa. In total 434 employees are interviewed over three group levels (operational, middle and senior management). This is achieved by interviewing 178 senior practitioners in three subjects (one in each group level).FindingsAnalysis of the growth in KM maturity, as it relates to different organisational sizes, reveals that there are statistical differences between the score reported by small, medium, large and extra‐large organisations and between the scores reported by senior, middle and operational personnel. Findings also indicate that growth in KM differs between industry groupings, with high growth in construction, building materials and mining (±70 per cent), and low growth in educational institutions (±40 per cent).Originality/valueThis paper is of relevance to KM practitioners interested in gaining insight into KM maturity growth that occurred in different organisational groupings and at different operational levels across an extremely diversified environment.
Effects of organizational and serviceperson orientation on customer loyalty
Authors: Colwell Scott , Hogarth‐Scott Sandra , Jiang Depeng , Joshi Ashwin 
Published: November 2009

PurposeWithin the service industry, the serviceperson enhances customer loyalty by increasing customer benefits and decreasing customer costs, but is also embedded within and influenced by the organizational context. Thus, the influence of a serviceperson's orientation may differ or even conflict with the organization's orientation. There are two purposes to this paper. The paper first aims to develop a conceptual model that clearly distinguishes between benefit‐ and cost‐based explanations of the effect of the serviceperson. The paper's second aim is to examine the impact of the organization on the serviceperson's ability to foster customer loyalty through interactions with customers.Design/methodology/approachA survey methodology is used and data gathered from managers and customers. Multi‐group structural equation modeling is employed to test partial mediation and partial moderation theses.FindingsIn line with social exchange theory, the paper finds that a serviceperson's customer orientation can reduce customer costs and increase customer benefits. Furthermore, consistent with the literature on strategic orientations, when the serviceperson's organization evinces a low competitive service orientation, it attenuates the direct effects of a serviceperson's customer orientation on customer loyalty, such that the direct effect no longer exists.Originality/valueThe paper shows how multiple direct and indirect pathways connect serviceperson customer orientation to customer loyalty. It also shows how the effect of serviceperson customer orientation on customer loyalty depends on the organizational context and specifically the extent to which the organization embraces a competitive service orientation. The moderating role of organizational context has implications both for social exchange theory specifically and theories of exchange, such as transaction cost analysis more generally.
Renaming effect of brand value: state‐owned enterprises
Authors: Jim Wu Yen‐Chun 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the renaming effect of brand value of state‐owned corporations in Taiwan.Design/methodology/approachThis study aims to evaluate and analyze the value of the CPC brand by: using the Interbrand and Hirose models, and analyzing empirically the difference‐comparison of the results.FindingsFor the state‐run corporations, the practical application of the Hirose and Interbrand models, the main target market, and the business orientation categories, which the corporations belonged to are illustrated in a two‐dimensional four‐quadrant framework.Research limitations/implicationsThis study presumes that Chinese Petroleum Corp. will be affected in various ways after being renamed CPC Corp., Taiwan, and the fluctuations in value will be reflected in related profit/cost data. It is also assumed that the brand will bring value to the company. However, there are constraints in doing this research despite the completeness and objectivity of the study subject.Originality/valueResearch on brand equity is still in a state of evolution. This study makes two major contributions. First, it suggests that choosing the more applicable valuation model depends on the enterprises' industrial characteristics. Second, the differentiation of the applications of brand value models is based on: the orientation characteristics of the various valuation models, the target markets, and business orientation.
Research in social responsibility: a challenge for management education
Authors: Kletz Pierre 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to study the connection between research in social responsibility and management education studied here in the light of the Frankfurt School's approach in general, and of Horkheimer and Adorno's works in particular.Design/methodology/approachBased on these works, a reading template is designed, which defines the conditions in which research in corporate social responsibility (CSR) contributes to shaping the contents of management education.FindingsThe article then analyzes the major approaches characterizing research in social responsibility. It also analyzes these approaches' ability to further knowledge in that field, as well as their contributing to constitute a type of management education instrumental in improving the implementation of CSR.Originality/valueThe article presents an original approach of the link between theory and practice in CSR that challenges the way this topic is generally taught.
Predictive business – fresh initiative or old wine in a new bottle
Authors: Jalonen Harri , Lönnqvist Antti 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a conceptual analysis of the theoretical and managerial bases and objectives of predictive business. Predictive business refers to operational decision‐making and the development of business processes on the basis of business event analysis. It supports the early recognition of business opportunities and threats, better customer intimacy and agile reaction to changes in business environment. An underlying rationale for predictive business is the attainment of competitive advantage through better management of information and knowledge.Design/methodology/approachThe approach to this article is conceptual and theoretical. The literature‐based discussion and analysis combines the perspectives of business performance management, business intelligence, and knowledge management to provide a new model of thinking and operation.FindingsFor a company predictive business is simultaneously a practical challenge and an epistemic one. It is a practical challenge because predictive business presupposes a change in the company's modes of operation. It is also an epistemic challenge, since it concerns the company's ability to find appropriate balance between knowledge exploitation and knowledge exploration.Research limitations/implicationsFurther research should be carried out on the functionality of practical applications as well as the attitudinal and technical preparedness of companies to adopt a new mode of operation. As a subject of investigation, the world of business events offer interesting methodological possibilities, since the basis of the work is the gathering and analysis of large quantities of information on operational activities.Originality/valueThere has been little research concerning business events in knowledge management context. This article presents a theoretically founded basis for predictive business, combining the concept of analysing business events with previous research in the field of knowledge management.
KMS adoption: the effects of information quality
Authors: Kuo Ren‐Zong , Lee Gwo‐Guang 
Published: November 2009

PurposeBy expanding the technology acceptance model, this paper aims to provide a research model for examining the impact of information quality and task technology fit on the adoption of KMS.Design/methodology/approachTo test the proposed research model, data are collected through a questionnaire survey sent to IT managers of 500 large companies in Taiwan.FindingsBased on the study, it is suitable to use a technology acceptance model to study adoption of KMS and explore how two external variables, information quality and task technology fit, affect the intention to adopt. Additionally, information quality has a directly significant effect on ease of use that users perceive and usefulness where fit between task and KMS is high.Research limitations/implicationsA mass mailing of a somewhat lengthy, blind survey to busy managers produces a somewhat low response rate. Thus, the generalized nature of the ﬁndings is somewhat in question, making replication of the study in Taiwan important.Practical implicationsThe study distinguishes the design of information systems and knowledge management systems. For adoption of KMS, managers must pay more attention to the quality of information provided, and the contextual features of the knowledge involved.Originality/valueThe value of this paper is in demonstrating the role of information quality with KMS, and providing further insight into the co‐relationship of information quality, usefulness, and fit between task and KMS, leading to more effective strategies for KMS adoption.
Transcendental marketing: a conceptual framework and empirical examples
Authors: Nordin Fredrik 
Published: November 2009

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to conceptualise, discuss and evaluate an emergent marketing philosophy, “transcendental marketing”, and its application in practice.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual framework is grounded in the literatures of marketing practice and leadership styles, and refined by reference to two case examples.FindingsThere is scope, limited at present but promising in the longer term, for moving marketing strategy onwards from the relational and transactional models to one in which the focus is on exchange of values beyond self‐interest between “transcendent marketers” and consumers motivated by “self‐transcendence”.Research limitations/implicationsSince this article is only a first attempt to develop an understanding of this alternative approach to marketing, social and cultural trends in society provide a strong impetus for the further conceptual development of the transcendental marketing concept and assessment of its use and usefulness in the real world.Practical implicationsThe proposed conceptual framework provides marketing strategists with a template for a radically different approach to marketing management, which offers the potential for enduring customer loyalty.Originality/valueThis paper contributes a radically new perspective on marketing, supported by empirical examples of two firms that have pioneered it.