bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do Australian adolescent female fake tan (sunless tan) users practice better sun-protection behaviours than non-users?
Authors: Williams Melinda , Jones Sandra C , Caputi Peter , Iverson Don 
Published: September 2011

Objective: To determine differences in sun-protection behaviours, and incidence of sunburn, between Australian adolescent female fake tan users and non-users. Design: Cross sectional survey. Method: 398 adolescent females aged 12 to 18 years participated in a survey at public venues, schools, and online. The main outcome measures were self-reported fake tan usage in the past 12 months, frequency of sunburns and habitual sun-protection behaviours. Setting: Surveys were completed in New South Wales, Australia. Results: The prevalence of self-reported use of fake tanning products in the past 12 months among Australian adolescent females was 34.5%. Female fake tan users were significantly less likely to report wearing a hat, wearing a shirt with sleeves or wearing pants covering to the knees. There was no difference between fake tan users and non-users in use of sunscreen, seeking shade, wearing sunglasses or avoidance of peak ultraviolet (UV) hours. Logistic regression modelling, when accounting for age, desire for a tan and skin type, revealed fake tan users were more likely to experience frequent sunburns and less likely to wear protective clothing. Conclusions: Our findings show that fake tan use among Australian female adolescents is associated with decreased sun protection, specifically reduced use of both upper and lower body protective clothing. Fake tan users were significantly more likely to experience repeated sunburns, after controlling for skin type. These findings provide impetus for the development of health education programmes targeting a new sub-group of adolescents with distinct tanning behaviours.
‘Dancing down memory lane’: Circle dancing as a psychotherapeutic intervention in dementia—a pilot study
Authors: Hamill Michelle , Smith Lesley , Röhricht Frank 
Published: September 2011

Background: There is increasing recognition that psychological interventions for people with dementia and their carers are of value. Neuropsychological considerations and an exploration of the literature point towards the potential benefits of non-verbal, body-oriented interventions to work psychotherapeutically with people as their cognitive abilities deteriorate. Method: A total of 18 people (11 people with moderate-to-severe dementia and 7 family carers) consented to partake. Measures were completed before and after the group therapy (45 minutes once a week for 10 weeks). Weekly progress monitoring sheets were completed and participants were interviewed after the group for their views. Results: The therapeutic intervention had a positive impact on participants’ general well-being and mood, including improving people’s concentration and communication with others. Discussion: The results of the pilot study support using therapeutic circle dance as a body-oriented psychological intervention for people with dementia and their carers. Further studies with more stringent methodologies in larger samples are required.
Glanzmann thrombasthenia: a review of ITGA2B and ITGB3 defects with emphasis on variants, phenotypic variability, and mouse models
Authors: Nurden Alan T. , Fiore Mathieu , Nurden Paquita , Pillois Xavier 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCharacterized by mucocutaneous bleeding arising from a lack of platelet aggregation to physiologic stimuli, Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is the archetype-inherited disorder of platelets. Transmitted by autosomal recessive inheritance, platelets in GT have quantitative or qualitative deficiencies of the fibrinogen receptor, αIIbβ3, an integrin coded by the ITGA2B and ITGB3 genes. Despite advances in our understanding of the disease, extensive phenotypic variability with respect to severity and intensity of bleeding remains poorly understood. Importantly, genetic defects of ITGB3 also potentially affect other tissues, for β3 has a wide tissue distribution when present as αvβ3 (the vitronectin receptor). We now look at the repertoire of ITGA2B and ITGB3 gene defects, reexamine the relationship between phenotype and genotype, and review integrin structure in the many variant forms. Evidence for modifications in platelet production is assessed, as is the multifactorial etiology of the clinical expression of the disease. Reports of cardiovascular disease and deep vein thrombosis, cancer, brain disease, bone disorders, and pregnancy defects in GT are discussed in the context of the results obtained for mouse models where nonhemostatic defects of β3-deficiency or nonfunction are being increasingly described.
Cytoskeletal stabilization of inhibitory interactions in immunologic synapses of mature human dendritic cells with natural killer cells
Authors: Barreira da Silva Rosa , Graf Claudine , Münz Christian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractHuman mature dendritic cells (DCs) can efficiently stimulate natural killer (NK)–cell responses without being targeted by their cytotoxicity. To understand this important regulatory crosstalk, we characterized the development of the immunologic synapse between mature DCs and resting NK cells. Conjugates between these 2 innate leukocyte populations formed rapidly, persisted for prolonged time periods and matured with DC-derived f-actin polymerization at the synapse. Polarization of IL-12 and IL-12R to the synapse coincided with f-actin polymerization, while other activating and inhibitory molecules were enriched at the interface between DCs and NK cells earlier. Functional assays revealed that inhibition of f-actin polymerization in mature synapses led to an increase of IFN-γ secretion and cytotoxicity by NK cells. This elevated NK-cell reactivity resulted from decreased inhibitory signaling in the absence of MHC class I polarization at the interface, which was observed on inhibition of f-actin polymerization in DCs. Thus, inhibitory signaling is stabilized by f-actin at the synapse between mature DCs and resting NK cells.
Molecular evolution of Adh and LEAFY and the phylogenetic utility of their introns in Pyrus (Rosaceae)
Authors: Zheng Xiaoyan , Hu Chunyun , Spooner David , Liu Jing , Cao Jiashu , Teng Yuanwen 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackgroundThe genusPyrusbelongs to the tribe Pyreae (the former subfamily Maloideae) of the family Rosaceae, and includes one of the most important commercial fruit crops, pear. The phylogeny ofPyrushas not been definitively reconstructed. In our previous efforts, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) revealed a poorly resolved phylogeny due to non-concerted evolution of nrDNA arrays. Therefore, introns of low copy nuclear genes (LCNG) are explored here for improved resolution. However, paralogs and lineage sorting are still two challenges for applying LCNGs in phylogenetic studies, and at least two independent nuclear loci should be compared. In this work the second intron ofLEAFYand the alcohol dehydrogenase gene (Adh) were selected to investigate their molecular evolution and phylogenetic utility.ResultsDNA sequence analyses revealed a complex ortholog and paralog structure ofAdhgenes inPyrusandMalus, the pears and apples. Comparisons between sequences from RT-PCR and genomic PCR indicate that someAdhhomologs are putatively nonfunctional. A partial region ofAdh1was sequenced for 18Pyrusspecies and three subparalogs representingAdh1-1were identified. These led to poorly resolved phylogenies due to low sequence divergence and the inclusion of putative recombinants. For the second intron ofLEAFY, multiple inparalogs were discovered for bothLFY1int2andLFY2int2.LFY1int2is inadequate for phylogenetic analysis due to lineage sorting of two inparalogs.LFY2int2-N, however, showed a relatively high sequence divergence and led to the best-resolved phylogeny. This study documents the coexistence of outparalogs and inparalogs, and lineage sorting of these paralogs and orthologous copies. It reveals putative recombinants that can lead to incorrect phylogenetic inferences, and presents an improved phylogenetic resolution ofPyrususingLFY2int2-N.ConclusionsOur study represents the first phylogenetic analyses based on LCNGs inPyrus. Ancient and recent duplications lead to a complex structure ofAdhoutparalogs and inparalogs inPyrusandMalus, resulting in neofunctionalization, nonfunctionalization and possible subfunctionalization. Among all investigated orthologs,LFY2int2-Nis the best nuclear marker for phylogenetic reconstruction ofPyrusdue to suitable sequence divergence and the absence of lineage sorting.
Coupled fixed point results in cone metric spaces for "Equation missing" -compatible mappings
Authors: Aydi Hassen , Samet Bessem , Vetro Calogero 
Published: September 2011

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce the concepts of "Equation missing"-compatible mappings, b-coupled coincidence point and b-common coupled fixed point for mappings F, G : X × X → X, where (X, d) is a cone metric space. We establish b-coupled coincidence and b-common coupled fixed point theorems in such spaces. The presented theorems generalize and extend several well-known comparable results in the literature, in particular the recent results of Abbas et al. [Appl. Math. Comput. 217, 195-202 (2010)]. Some examples are given to illustrate our obtained results. An application to the study of existence of solutions for a system of non-linear integral equations is also considered.2010 Mathematics Subject Classifications: 54H25; 47H10.
A nodulo-cystic eumycetoma caused by Pyrenochaeta romeroi in a renal transplant recipient: A case report
Authors: Mathuram Thiyagarajan Umasankar , Bagul Atul , Nicholson Michael L 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Introduction

Pyrenochaeta romeroi (P. romeroi) is a saprophytic fungus found in soil and plants. The fungal spores can be introduced into deeper tissues by trauma. It causes eumycetoma, which affects skin and subcutaneous tissues.

Case presentation
A 57-year-old South Asian man presented with a painless, nodular lesion (1 cm × 0.5 cm) on the left knee. He had had a renal transplant eight months earlier for end-stage renal failure. The patient was on tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone for immunosuppression. The lesion had progressed dramatically (to 5 cm × 5 cm) despite antibiotic treatment. The size and location of the lesion was severely affecting his quality of life, so an excision biopsy was performed. Nuclear ribosomal repeat-region sequencing confirmed the causative organism as P. romeroi. An in vitro antifungal susceptibility test demonstrated that P. romeroi was sensitive to voriconazole. Following a successful surgical removal, voriconazole was continued orally for two months.

Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, we are reporting the first case of Eumycetoma caused by P. romeroi in a renal transplant recipient. Physicians should be aware of this rare fungal disease in transplant recipients. We recommend a combination of medical and surgical management in these immunosuppressed patients.
Diagnostic efficacy of monoclonal antibody based sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of Fasciola gigantica excretory/secretory antigens in both serum and stool
Authors: Demerdash Zeinab A , Diab Tarek M , Aly Ibrahim R , Mohamed Salwa H , Mahmoud Faten S , Zoheiry Mona K , Mansour Wafaa A , Attia Mohy E , El-Bassiouny Azza E 
Published: September 2011

Abstract

Background
This research was carried out to develop a reliable monoclonal antibody (MoAb)-based sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the diagnosis of active Fasciola gigantica infection in both serum and stool for comparative purposes.

Methods
From a panel of MoAbs raised against F. gigantica excretory/secretory antigens (ES Ags), a pair (12B/11D/3F and 10A/9D/10G) was chosen due to its high reactivity and strict specificity to F. gigantica antigen by indirect ELISA.

Results
The two MoAbs were of the IgG1 and IgG2a subclasses, respectively. Using SDS-PAGE and EITB, the selected MoAbs recognized 83, 64, 45 and 26 kDa bands of ES Ags. The lower detection limit of ELISA assay was 3 ng/ml. In stool, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic efficacy of ELISA was 96%, 98.2 and 97.1%; while in serum they were 94%, 94.6% and 94.3%, respectively. Moreover, a positive correlation was found between ova count in stool of F. gigantica infected patients and the OD readings of ELISA in both stool and serum samples (r = 0.730, p < 0.01 and r = 0.608; p < 0.01, respectively).

Conclusions
These data showed that the use of MoAb-based sandwich ELISA for the detection of F. gigantica coproantigens in stool specimens was superior to serum samples; it provides a highly efficient, non-invasive technique for the diagnosis of active F. gigantica infection.
The Academic Medical Center Linear Disability Score for evaluation of physical reserve on admission to the ICU: can we query the relatives?
Authors: Hofhuis José GM , Dijkgraaf Marcel GW , Hovingh Aly , Braam Richard L , van de Braak Lisa , Spronk Peter E , Rommes Johannes H 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
Introduction
Evaluating the pre-morbid functional status in critically ill patients is important and frequently done using the physical component score (PCS) of the Short Form 36, although this approach has its limitations. The Academic Medical Center Linear Disability Score (ALDS) is a recently developed generic item bank used to measure the disability status of patients with a broad range of diseases. We aimed to study whether proxy scoring with the ALDS could be used to assess the patients' functional status on admission for cardiac care unit (CCU) or ICU patients and how the ALDS relates to the PCS using the Short Form 12 (SF-12).

Methods
Patients and proxies completed the ALDS and SF-12 score in the first 72 hours following ICU scheduled surgery (n = 14), ICU emergency admission (n = 56) and CCU emergency admission (n = 70).

Results
In all patients (n = 140) a significant intra-class correlation was found for the ALDS (0.857), the PCS (0.798) and the mental component score (0.679) between patients and their proxy. In both scheduled and emergency admissions, a significant correlation was found between patients and their proxy for the ALDS, although the lowest correlation was found for the ICU scheduled admissions (0.755) compared with the ICU emergency admissions (0.889). In CCU patients, the highest significant correlation between patients and proxies was found for the ALDS (0.855), for the PCS (0.807) and for the mental component score (0.740).

Conclusions
Relatives in close contact with critically ill patients can adequately reflect the patient's level of disability on ICU and CCU admission when using the ALDS item bank, which performed at least as well as the PCS. The ALDS could therefore be a useful alternative for the PCS of the SF-12.
Endogenous ACTH Concentration-Cortisol Secretion Dose Analysis Unmasks Decreased ACTH Potency in Cushing's Disease with Restoration after Successful Pituitary Adenomectomy
Authors: Roelfsema Ferdinand , Keenan Daniel M. , Veldhuis Johannes D. 
Published: September 2011

Background:
The relationship between circulating ACTH levels and cortisol secretion in Cushing's disease is not precisely known.

Hypothesis:
Chronic ACTH hyperstimulation leads to decreased adrenal potency and is restored after normalization of ACTH secretion.

Subjects:
Subjects included 20 patients with Cushing's disease, eight patients in long-term remission, and 36 healthy controls.

Outcomes:
ACTH and cortisol secretion rates and analytical dose-response estimates of endogenous ACTH efficacy (maximal cortisol secretion), dynamic ACTH potency, and adrenal sensitivity (slope term) from 24-h ACTH-cortisol profiles were evaluated.

Results:
Both basal and pulsatile secretion of ACTH and cortisol were increased in patients with active disease but normal in cured patients. ACTH, but not cortisol pulse frequency, was amplified in patients and restored after successful surgical treatment. ACTH EC50, an inverse measure of potency, was higher during pulse onset in Cushing's disease (59 ± 7.4 ng/liter) than in controls (20 ± 3.7 ng/liter) (P &lt; 0.0001) and remitted patients after surgery [15 ± 3.2 ng/liter, P value not significant (NS) vs. controls] and during pulse recovery phases [128 ± 18 (P &lt;0.0001), 70 ± 8.4, and 67 ± 17 ng/liter (NS vs. controls), respectively]. Efficacy was increased in active disease and normalized after surgical treatment [patients, 38 ± 8.3 nmol/liter · min, vs. controls, 21 ± 2.3 nmol/liter · min (P &lt;0.0001), and cured patients, 15 ± 3.2 nmol/liter · min (NS vs. controls)]. Sensitivity to endogenous ACTH did not differ among the three groups.

Conclusion:
The adrenal gland in Cushing's disease exhibits decreased responsiveness to submaximal ACTH drive and amplified efficacy, with unchanged sensitivity. These target-gland abnormalities are reversible in long-term remission after pituitary surgery.
A Girl's Journey into the Well of Forbidden Knowledge
Authors: Cvetkovich Ann , Mitchell Allyson 
Published: September 2011

The GLQ Gallery features Allyson Mitchell's 2010 installation for the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto, A Girl's Journey into the Well of Forbidden Knowledge. In a plus-sized version of a sculpture gallery, two large ladies, in luminescent gold and silver, face two walls of books, attached to each other and to a giant crochet brain overhead by a crochet rope that links their crotches to the brain. Mitchell recreated a version of the Lesbian Herstory Archives reading room in Brooklyn by covering the walls of the gallery with trompe l'oeil wallpaper made from drawings of the books on the shelves. In addition to photographs of the installation, the GLQ Gallery features examples of Mitchell's original drawings.
In a brief commentary on the installation, Ann Cvetkovich discusses how Mitchell brings lesbian feminist history and culture to a larger public and creates an “archive of feelings” through the affective labor of redrawing the Lesbian Herstory Archives shelves. The Gallery also features Mitchell's Deep Lez I statement, a manifesto that calls for a return to lesbian feminist culture as a resource for contemporary queer cultures.
Geometrically Nonlinear Analysis in the Vicinity of Critical Points by the Generalized Inverse
Authors: Hangai Yasuhiko , Lin Xiao-Guang 
Published: September 2011

In the geometrically nonlinear analysis for equilibrium paths, the determinant of the tangent stiffness matrix at the critical point becomes zero so that a numerically unstable situation appears in the vicinity of critical points. To avoid such a situation, many numerical methods including the arc-length method and the perturbation method have been developed. In this paper, an analytical method to pursue the geometrically nonlinear equilibrium paths in the vicinity of critical points such as limit point and bifurcation point is presented by using the generalized inverse. In the first part, the perturbation equations for the incremental equilibrium equations are derived. Then, critical points on the equilibrium path are classified into limit point and bifurcation point by using the existence condition of solution. In the second part, an analytical method for post-critical paths beyond critical points is presented by means of the generalized inverse. In the final part, the application of the present method to the post-buckling analysis of a shallow arch and cable domes subjected to the symmetrical loads is shown.
A Model to Account for the Virtual Camber Effect in the Performance Prediction of an H-Darrieus VAWT Using the Momentum Models
Authors: Bianchini Alessandro , Carnevale Ennio A. , Ferrari Lorenzo 
Published: September 2011

This study reports an investigation on the influence of the virtual camber effect on the performance prediction of an H-Darrieus VAWT using a theoretical approach based on the Momentum Models. In detail, a simplified model is proposed which highlights a limit point below which the virtual camber effect must be neglected to correctly evaluate the performance of the airfoils. This correction provides a more accurate description of the unstable region of the power curve, for which very few in-depth studies are available. An accurate description of the left side of the power curve is, however, of particular importance for a correct prediction of the self-starting capabilities of the rotor, which are presently considered as a decisive requirement for small-power machines. On this basis, the effects of the new virtual camber estimation on the transient study of an H-Darrieus rotor are also presented here. This has been carried out by means of a specifically developed numerical code. All the theoretical conjectures and the numerical models have been validated with the experimental data of two wind-tunnel campaigns on two different models of H-Darrieus turbine.
In the Eye of the Beholder: Perspectives on Intermarriage Conversion in Orthodox Christian Parishes in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Authors: Slagle Amy 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBased on ethnographic research conducted in Pittsburgh, this article examines the experiences of American-born intermarriage converts to Eastern Orthodoxy. Long characterized as a variety of Christianity fundamentally ethnic in its orientation and insular in its relationships to American religious and cultural mainstreams, Eastern Orthodoxy has attracted increasing numbers of American-born converts over the last thirty years. While the motives and perspectives of more overtly theologically driven conversions have garnered attention, intermarriage conversions are often dismissed as the natural outcomes of entering into marriage and family life. Significantly, intermarriage converts frequently stress their decisions to enter the Orthodox church as autonomously made apart from external influences.By gauging the ways intermarriage converts are depicted in parish life as well as the motives and perspectives they themselves convey in interviews, I argue that the language and assumptions of the American spiritual marketplace profoundly influence Orthodox Christian understandings of family and religion today. Personal choice and individualism rather than the expectations of traditionally ascribed identities have come to be highly valued and valorized means of counting Orthodox identity in the United States. Yet, the prevalence of marketplace values does not diminish the emotional and social impacts of family and community for intermarriage converts. Rather, I observed a general elevation in the importance of both and a frequent substantiation of their roles as the transmitters of shared values among these individuals. Thus, this article provides a case study of how individual and familial concerns further religious choice-making.
History of atrial fibrillation
Authors: Lüderitz B. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract
There is hardly a symptom that has impressed patients and physicians since ancient times more than an irregular heartbeat. In most cases, atrial fibrillation is the cause of the rhythm disturbance. However, it took many centuries before we were able to clearly understand fibrillation and to counteract it efficiently. The history of arrhythmia therapy with drugs is long and fascinating. Digitalis was probably the first “antiarrhythmic”. It was discovered by Leonhart Fuchs in the 16th century and introduced in the clinical practice by William Withering from Birmingham. Today's rhythm agents are of a much later date. Quinidine, an optical isomer of quinine, became clinically available in 1918. Other antiarrhythmic drugs were only developed in the 60s and 70s of the previous century, e.g. disopyramide, beta-receptor blockers, propafenone, flecainide, amiodarone, adenosine, ibutilide, and dofetilide. Among the latest commercially available antiarrhythmic substances are dronedarone and vernakalant, which were clinically introduced in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Thanks to the further development of innovative pharmaceuticals and modern electrotherapeutic methods, it can be expected that the previously therapy-resistant cases of atrial fibrillation will be lastingly reduced.