bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic equation for stochastic vector bundles
Authors: Zhong De-yu , Wang Guang-Qian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The kinetic equation is crucial for understanding the statistical properties of stochastic processes, yet current equations, such as the classical Fokker–Planck, are limited to local analysis. This paper derives a new kinetic equation for stochastic systems on vector bundles, addressing global scale randomness. The kinetic equation was derived by cumulant expansion of the ensemble-averaged local probability density function, which is a functional of state transition trajectories. The kinetic equation is the geodesic equation for the probability space. It captures global and historical influences, accounts for non-Markovianity, and can be reduced to the classical Fokker–Planck equation for Markovian processes. This paper also discusses relative issues concerning the kinetic equation, including non-Markovianity, Markov approximation, macroscopic conservation equations, gauge transformation, and truncation of the infinite-order kinetic equation, as well as limitations that require further attention.
Fermion quadrature bases for Wigner functionals
Authors: Roux Filippus S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A Grassmann functional phase space is formulated for the definition of fermionic Wigner functionals by identifying suitable fermionic operators that are analogues to boson quadrature operators. Instead of the Majorana operators, we use operators that are defined with relative spin transformations between the ladder operators. The eigenstates of these operators are shown to provide orthogonal bases, provided that the dual space is defined with the incorporation of a spin transformation. These bases then serve as quadrature bases in terms of which Wigner functionals are defined in a way equivalent to the bosonic case. As an application, we consider a two-level fermion system.
Regional Economic Growth and the Heterogeneity Effect of Rail Network Connectivity in West Java Province
Authors: Pradono P , Furqan M I 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper aims at determining the heterogeneity effect of rail network connectivity influence on regional economic growth in West Java Province employing a multiple linear regression analysis approach to panel data covering 27 districts/cities in 2010-2018. There are several variables that are used as input variables for analysis such as GRDP per capita (PDRBPKit) as the dependent variable, connectivity (Konektivitasit) as the independent variable, and economic variables (Public Government Investment per capita (invpit); Private Investment per capita (invsit); Human Capital (ipmit); Agricultural Contribution (agricultureit); Industry Contribution (industriit); Service Contribution (jasait); and Population (populationit) as control variables. Some control variables show significant results in the heterogeneity effect. The results obtained show that the interaction of rail network connectivity with government investment and the contribution of the service sector is negative, the contribution of the industrial sector and population is positive.
Urban Transportation Planning in the Perspective of Public Health in the City of Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Miharja Miming , Budi Utomo Muhammad 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Public health is one of the basic sectors that are influenced by transportation. Public health factors related with transportation performances are environmental quality, people access to health facilities, traffic safety, mode choice and its relationship with health, and disease spreading risk. Based on the case of Transportation Master Plan (Rencana Induk Transportasi Jakarta, RITJ) of Capital Jakarta, Indonesia, this paper explores the topic of how adequate urban transportation planning in Indonesia accommodate health factors in its process and substance. This study takes quantitative method to identify Jakarta transportation condition in relation with health sector and to understand to what extent transportation planning accommodate health factors. Qualitative method is also used to analyze people perception regarding the level of the transportation planning process in accommodating their interest in health. The research concludes that the negative impact of transportation activities to the health sector in Jakarta such as air pollution, traffic accident, and passive mode choice are still high. The RITJ planning process did not accommodate urban health criteria adequately. This paper suggests a better transportation planning to assure adequate accommodation of urban health criteria both in its process and substances.
Spatial vulnerability assessment of climate-related disasters in the Rebana Metropolitan Coastal Area, West Java Province
Authors: Salim Wilmar , Wijaya Nurrohman , Ramadhan Fitrah , Iman Hanafi Kholifatul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Human activities have become the main significant factor of the occurrence of climate change. Because of this phenomenon, the negative impacts of climate change influence human life itself, especially for the people who live in coastal area. One part of the Rebana Metropolitan Area in West Java Province is the coastal area consisting of Indramayu, Subang, and Cirebon regencies, which is closely related to climate-related disasters issues, such as coastal flooding and sea-level rise. To adapt the negative impacts of climate change, the local decision-makers should know the vulnerability to climate-related disasters. Therefore, the vulnerability assessment of climate-related disasters should be conducted. The spatial assessment was applied in this study to give a deeper perspective on the spatial vulnerability index. This study used georeferenced statistical data of three aspects (physical, geological, and socio-economical). These data then were overlaid with the support of the Geographical Information System (GIS) and eventually produced the vulnerability index for each zone. Based on the result, the Rebana Metropolitan Coastal Area has high vulnerability indexes (9 of 16 districts in these three coastal areas are very vulnerable). Two reasons have been identified. First, the intensity of rainfall and sea-level rise index that occurs annually in Indramayu and Subang is very high. Second, at the same time, these regencies have many vital infrastructures that make the massive potential of losses when climate-related disasters happen in the future. For the Cirebon case, the lack of supportive socio-economy situation in the coastal area has become the main factor for its vulnerability index. Based on these findings, the decision-makers could create different approaches to improve the resilience of each area. In Indramayu and Subang cases, their resilience could be strategically improved by strengthening their physical aspects, especially by ensuring the government protects their vital infrastructures. Meanwhile, for the Cirebon case, the government could be more concerned with its population density and income per capita for each district so that more people could avoid the coastal disaster directly and push their livelihood up in the more uncertain environment.
Evaluation of collaborative water governance in the Cinambo Sub-watershed, Bandung City (case study: Wetland Park Cisurupan)
Authors: Putri Kamila Naimah , Kustiwan Iwan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The “Wetland Park Cisurupan” Retention Area development program is one of the multi-stakeholder collaboration programs in the Cinambo Sub-watershed initiated by Bandung City Public Works Agency. This retention area is expected to reduce water runoff to Gedebage Sub-Region. Collaborative governance efforts carried out at Wetland Park Cisurupan need to be evaluated to serve as lessons for stakeholders and as follow-up recommendations. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the extent to which the Cisurupan Wetland Park development program in the context of the cinambo sub-watershed has implemented the principles of collaborative water governance. To achieve this goal, this research uses qualitative descriptive methods. Data processing uses data sourced from primary data, namely observation, interviews, collecting big data from social media in the form of WhatsApp chat groups “Cisurupan Temporer”, “Strategic plan Cisurupan”, and “Cisurupan 4 october” as well as Instagram posts with the hashtag #wetlandparkcisurupan, interviews, then secondary data from government agencies and the internet. Based on the measurement of 23 indicators of collaborative water governance in the sub-watershed, it can be concluded that the Wetland Park Cisurupan program is sufficient to meet the principles of collaborative water governance in the sub-watershed. Communication between stakeholders in this collaboration, which is seen from WhatsApp and Instagram, is considered effective for coordination, increasing public participation, and avoiding latent conflicts becoming manifest by being open to the collaboration process. Facilitative leadership is one of the keys to consistency in collaborative governance.
Design of Retention Pond Kacang Pedang Area as a Water Tourism Recreation Using Water Sensitive Urban Design
Authors: Guinensa F , Putra B D , Rani M S 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The issue of changes in natural conditions, Pangkal Pinang City as a downstream area of the Baturusa Watershed (DAS) with a city center whose city morphology is a basin resulting in Pangkal Pinang City receiving excessive water runoff, plus land deforestation due to illegal mining in the upstream river which is directly adjacent to the Regency Central Bangka which causes excessive sedimentation and poorly connected drainage channels. The existence of high rainfall intensity and the uncontrolled capacity of the retention pond causes the water level to rise which then flows into the retention pond area. As a result, the Rangkui river causes excessive water runoff, resulting in floods that spread to residential areas and the center of Pangkal Pinang City. The purpose of this study was to provide design concepts for the retention pond area using the Water Sensitive Urban Design method as a strategy for urban water management, particularly in the region of raw water sources. The design process is a fragmented one that starts with a collection of regional design-related problems and ends with a simulation of regional design. Recreational, residential, and educational activities will all be accommodated within the design area’s 94 hectares. The design of the area will focus on urban design elements combined with normative principles, namely land use, intensity and building, circulation and parking, pedestrian ways, open spaces, signage, preservation, and activity support. In addition, the design simulation will also focus on the water management system in the area with a WSUD technical approach that is directed to focus on efforts to infiltrate rainwater and provide rainwater storage containers, both in open spaces, green areas, and buildings.
Digital Inclusion in Rural Areas: A Case Study in Two Indonesian Villages
Authors: Sheila A’AK , Fahmi FZ 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The acceleration of digital transformation is an unavoidable challenge for all countries worldwide, including in rural areas. However, there is a digital divide between rural and urban areas. Digital inclusion is a condition that needs to be achieved to close the gap. This study aims to measure digital inclusion based on four key dimensions: access, skills, use, and supportive environment, which are represented by several indicators and variables at the village level. We compare two cases in Indonesia, namely Tamansari Village initiated by the government and Melung Village initiated by the local community. Our results show that digital inclusion in both cases already has the dimensions of access and actual use which tend to be suitable for the majority of the households. However, the skills and supportive environment dimensions still need to be improved in the two study areas. It is indicated because the approach are still focused on providing access, not improving skills through optimizing the benefits of digital technology.
Community-based irrigation management in Indonesia (Case study: Musi Rawas Regency, Bandung Regency, and Soppeng Regency)
Authors: Abdi A. P. , Ajrina F. I. , Afifah N. Z. , Maryati S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Indonesia is an agricultural country that relies on the food sector.Irrigation infrastructure plays an important role to support the sector. It is therefore the sustainability of irrigation is vital. Community-based management of irrigation has been developed in Indonesia to support the development, operation, and and maintenance of irrigation. The aim of this study is to explore community-based irrigation management to support the sustainability of irrigation infrastructure. Three locations were choosed as case study; Musi Rawas, Bandung, and Soppeng Regency. The data analysis method used is qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that community groups are involved in determining irrigation development, such as holding public consultations, site selection, surveys, land acquisition, cooperation, operation, and maintenance. However, this community group does not yet have a robust organizational role because it has not provided rules, sanctions, or solutions to solve problems in the field. In addition, there is a lack of government support for community groups. Realizing a sustainable community-based irrigation system requires a high role of the community in irrigation management and support from the government in supporting the capacity of community groups and financing participatory activities.
Comparative literature review of student preferences and activity patterns on the use of campus open space before and during The Covid-19 Pandemic at the ITB Ganesha Campus
Authors: Firmansyah  , Nidia Kusuma Bintang , Prayuni Rante Allo Ira , Azmi Nur Khalid Fikri , Djasmin Ramadhanty Bunga 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A campus is a place where students can spend most of their time. There are various activities carried out both academic and non-academic, for self-development and positive socialization. Campus open space is one area that can accommodate these activities. However, the Covid-19 pandemic has had an impact on the loss of various activities on campus. After the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic began to diminish, campus activities have slowly started to becarried out again offline, including activities in campus open spaces. Therefore, it is necessary to review the possibility of changes to preferences and activity patterns in campus open spaces related to the limitations of joint activities as a form of prevention of transmission during the Covid-19 Pandemic. This article would like to review various literature studies related to preferences for the use of open spaces and student activity patterns before the onset of Covid-19, including literature studies related to landscape elements that form spaces that can support student activities in open spaces. This article also reviews the literature on changes in the use of open spaces during the Covid-19 pandemic which was influenced by activity restrictions from the application of strict health protocols.
Enhancing workers’ quality of life: why land use mix should be increased? (Case study: Semarang City)
Authors: Badawi Wempi Suek Jonathan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, many urban workers are struggling and exhausted because of commuting activity due to the effect of urban sprawl. In order to overcome the externalities of the sprawl, many cities are directed to become more compact, to reduce travel time and cost. The efficiency that comes from the proximity of mixed-use development helps workers allocate time and money for participating in other activities and indirectly increases their quality of life. This article reviews the importance of increasing the land use mix to facilitate workers’ activities. The network and entropy index analyses are used to examine the land use mix in the study area. Then the result is discussed in the context of the travel behavior approach theory. The result shows the aggregate land use mix in the study area is moderate-mix with an index of 0,47. In detail, areas under 2 kilometers have a high mix of land use (0,63-0,74), but the value decreases as it moves away from the city center to an index of 0,4. This study reveals that increasing number of land use variants does not improve the land use mix, but balancing the proportion of land use area is more important to increase the mix. It is necessary to improve land use mix because there are approximately 6.939-13.877 workers in the area that should be facilitated so they might participate in other activities effectively. Workers with a simple trip chain might be facilitated handily. But as the land use mix increases, workers with a complex trip chain might fulfill their needs within the area. Integrating land use and transportation allows workers to make active trips, which can affect their health and quality of life.
Ozone production over arid regions: insights into meteorological and chemical drivers
Authors: Mirrezaei Mohammad Amin , Arellano Avelino , Guo Yafang , Roychoudhury Chayan , Sorooshian Armin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Arid urban areas are pivotal in the global landscape, and their air quality issues are highlighted by the complexities of tropospheric ozone production. Here, we use recent satellite observations from TROPOMI and a longer record of data from OMI to investigate the levels of ozone precursors (NO2 and CH2O) in 12 major cities in arid regions. Using a space-based CH2O/NO2 indicator, we identified the dominant chemical regime influencing ozone formation, revealing a clear temporal trend that aligns with previously reported economic trajectories as well as variation in emission control strategies implemented in these cities. Our results show that, NO2 concentrations decreased in cities with proactive regulatory policies, such as Madrid and Los Angeles in semi-arid and arid regions. A contrasting increase was observed in rapidly developing cities within arid and hyper-arid regions, such as Tehran and Cairo, where emission controls are less strict. An increase in CH2O levels was also apparent, requiring more attention to VOCs control. Furthermore, our analysis clearly shows that the interactions between ozone production and climatic factors such as temperature exhibit a nonlinear relationship, especially in arid climates. These findings highlight the importance of emission reduction strategies that consider the meteorological and chemical drivers of dry regions, particularly in light of the rising global aridity.
Emerging environmental justice issues at the intersection of transportation and electricity systems
Authors: Hennessy Eleanor M , Azevedo Inês M L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rapid decarbonization of the transportation system is needed to address global climate change, and electrification of the transportation sector will likely be an important strategy to achieve decarbonization goals. While electrification is an effective approach to reducing carbon emissions, it may result in environmental justice consequences that need to be tackled. We discuss four categories of related issues: air quality and health-related equity; technology access; equitable infrastructure development; and a just global supply chain. In regions where grid decarbonization is well under way, transport-related disparities in air quality and health are expected to decrease with electrification. In contrast, in regions that still rely heavily on coal generation, disparities may increase, putting further strain on low-income communities and people of color. The high upfront cost of electric vehicles and limited access to charging present additional challenges for achieving equity in transportation electrification. Meeting the electricity demand of a fully electric vehicle fleet will require rapid expansion of power generation, transmission, and distribution capacity, and the location and design of this infrastructure will have further impacts on communities where it is sited. Here, we offer a perspective on these emerging environmental justice issues at the intersection of transportation and electricity systems and provide policy recommendations and future research directions for electrified transportation. We suggest there is a need for policies targeting electrification and power sector decarbonization in tandem, assessment of barriers to electric vehicle adoption in different groups, development of strategies for community inclusion in infrastructure development decisions, and creation of frameworks to assess equity tradeoffs along the global supply chain supporting electric vehicles and renewable energy technologies.
Treatment of Orthostatic Hypotension During Acute Inpatient Rehabilitation After Spinal Cord Injury: Usual Care vs. Anti-hypotensive Therapy
Authors: Wecht Jill M , Weir Joseph P , Huang Vincent , Escalon Miguel X , Bryce Thomas N 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
To compare the pharmacological treatment of hypotension and orthostatic hypotension (OH) initiated based upon a blood pressure (BP) threshold, regardless of symptoms (TXT), to usual care pharmacological treatment of symptomatic hypotension (UC), during acute inpatient rehabilitation (AIR) following spinal cord injury (SCI).

METHODS
Block randomization, based on the neurological level of injury as: cervical lesions (C1–C8); high thoracic lesions (T1–T5), and low thoracic lesions (T6–T12), was used to determine responses to the primary question “was the therapy session affected by low BP or concern for low BP development?” Study participants and therapists were unaware of the group assignment.

RESULTS
A total of 66 participants enrolled; 25 (38%) in the TXT group, 29 (44%) in the UC group, and 12 (18%) withdrew. Responses to the primary question were recorded for 32 participants, 15 in the TXT, and 17 in the UC group. There was an average of 81 ± 51 therapy sessions/participant in the TXT and 60 ± 27 sessions/participant in the UC group. Of those therapy sessions, low BP or concerns for low BP affected an average of 9 ± 8 sessions/participant in the TXT group and 10 ± 12 sessions/participant in the UC group. Neither the total number of therapy sessions (P = 0.16) nor group assignment (P = 0.83) significantly predicted the number of sessions affected by low BP.

CONCLUSIONS
These data are not conclusive but indicate that the treatment of asymptomatic hypotension and OH does not increase time spent in therapy compared to UC treatment of symptomatic hypotension and OH in newly injured patients with SCI.

CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION
#NCT02919917.