bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative serum CA‐125 levels and risk of suboptimal cytoreduction in ovarian cancer: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Kang Sokbom , Kim Tae‐Joong , Nam Byung‐Ho , Seo Sang‐Soo , Kim Byoung‐Gie , Bae Duk‐Soo , Park Sang‐Yoon 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundThis meta‐analysis was designed to determine the ability of pretreatment CA‐125 level to predict optimal cytoreduction in advanced ovarian cancer (OC).MethodsThrough literature search, 14 studies were identified. In addition, we retrospectively reviewed the data of 154 patients with OC. Using the bi‐variate model, diagnostic performance of CA‐125 was assessed at the various cut‐off levels. An overall odds ratio was obtained using random effects model.ResultsA total of 2,192 patients were included in the analysis. The pooled optimal cytoreduction rate and the mean of median CA‐125 levels were 53.7% and 580 U/ml, respectively. At the cut‐off of 500 U/ml, overall sensitivity and specificity were 68.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 62.0–75.1%) and 63.2% (95% CI 53.7–71.7%), respectively. Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 1.87 (95% CI 1.40–2.50) and 0.49 (95% CI 0.37–0.66). The CA‐125 >500 U/ml showed strong association with a risk of suboptimal cytoreduction with an odds ratio of 3.69 (95% CI 2.02–6.73).ConclusionsThe current analysis indicates that CA‐125 is a strong risk factor of suboptimal cytoreduction and it may be applied in preoperative counseling and treatment planning. However, it also shows that CA‐125 lacks the ability to predict optimal cytoreduction accurately. J. Surg. Oncol. 2010;101:13–17. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Curcumin inhibits the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway and triggers apoptosis in medulloblastoma cells
Authors: Elamin Maha H. , Shinwari Zakia , Hendrayani Siti‐Faujiah , Al‐Hindi Hindi , Al‐Shail Essam , khafaga Yasser , Al‐kofide Amani , Aboussekhra Abdelilah 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMedulloblastoma is an aggressive primary brain tumor that arises in the cerebellum of children and young adults. The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway that plays important roles in the pathology of this aggressive disease is a promising therapeutic target. In the present report we have shown that curcumin has cytotoxic effects on medulloblastoma cells. Curcumin suppressed also cell proliferation and triggered cell‐cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Moreover, curcumin inhibited the Shh–Gli1 signaling pathway by downregulating the Shh protein and its most important downstream targets GLI1 and PTCH1. Furthermore, curcumin reduced the levels of β‐catenin, the activate/phosphorylated form of Akt and NF‐κB, which led to downregulating the three common key effectors, namely C‐myc, N‐myc, and Cyclin D1. Consequently, apoptosis was triggered by curcumin through the mitochondrial pathway via downregulation of Bcl‐2, a downstream anti‐apoptotic effector of the Shh signaling. Importantly, the resistant cells that exhibited no decrease in the levels of Shh and Bcl‐2, were sensitized to curcumin by the addition of the Shh antogonist, cyclopamine. Furthermore, we have shown that curcumin enhances the killing efficiency of nontoxic doses of cisplatin and γ‐rays. In addition, we present clear evidence that piperine, an enhancer of curcumin bioavailability in humans, potentiates the apoptotic effect of curcumin against medulloblastoma cells. This effect was mediated through strong downregulation of Bcl‐2. These results indicate that curcumin, a natural nontoxic compound, represents great promise as Shh‐targeted therapy for medulloblastomas. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Toxicology and risk assessment of coumarin: Focus on human data
Authors: Abraham Klaus , Wöhrlin Friederike , Lindtner Oliver , Heinemeyer Gerhard , Lampen Alfonso 
Published: December 2009

AbstractCoumarin is a secondary phytochemical with hepatotoxic and carcinogenic properties. For the carcinogenic effect, a genotoxic mechanism was considered possible, but was discounted by the European Food Safety Authority in 2004 based on new evidence. This allowed the derivation of a tolerable daily intake (TDI) for the first time, and a value of 0.1 mg/kg body weight was arrived at based on animal hepatotoxicity data. However, clinical data on hepatotoxicity from patients treated with coumarin as medicinal drug is also available. This data revealed a subgroup of the human population being more susceptible for the hepatotoxic effect than the animal species investigated. The cause of the high susceptibility is currently unknown; possible mechanisms are discussed. Using the human data, a TDI of 0.1 mg/kg body weight was derived, confirming that of the European Food Safety Authority. Nutritional exposure may be considerably, and is mainly due to use of cassia cinnamon, which is a popular spice especially, used for cookies and sweet dishes. To estimate exposure to coumarin during the Christmas season in Germany, a telephone survey was performed with more than 1000 randomly selected persons. Heavy consumers of cassia cinnamon may reach a daily coumarin intake corresponding to the TDI.
Bladder pain syndrome international consultation on incontinence
Authors: Hanno Philip , Lin Alex , Nordling Jörgen , Nyberg Leroy , van Ophoven Arndt , Ueda Tomohiro , Wein Alan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractAims of StudyThe Bladder Pain Syndrome Committee of the International Consultation on Incontinence was assigned the task by the consultation of reviewing the syndrome, formerly known as interstitial cystitis, in a comprehensive fashion. This included the topics of definition, nomenclature, taxonomy, epidemiology, etiology, pathology, diagnosis, symptom scales, outcome assessment, principles of management, specific therapies, and future directions in research.Study Design, Materials, MethodsThe emphasis was on new information developed since the last consultation 4 years previously. Where possible, existing evidence was assessed and a level of recommendation was developed according to the Oxford system of classification.ResultsThe consultation decided to refer to the condition as “bladder pain syndrome” (BPS) because the designation is more descriptive of the clinical condition and better fits standard classification taxonomy. Reasonable definitions of BPS include the definition of the ESSIC European group and a slight modification made at a SUFU sponsored Miami meeting in early 2008. Males or females with pain, pressure, or discomfort that they perceive to be related to the bladder with at least one urinary symptom, such as frequency not obviously related to high fluid intake, or a persistent urge to void should be evaluated for possible BPS. The initial assessment consists of a frequency/volume chart, focused physical examination, urinalysis, and urine culture. Urine cytology and cystoscopy are recommended if clinically indicated. Treatment progresses from conservative management through various oral and intravesical therapies, with most surgical therapies reserved for unresponsive cases. Pain management is critical throughout the treatment process. The consultation believes that the disorder is best viewed as one of a group of chronic pain syndromes, rather than as primarily an inflammatory bladder disorder. Recommendations for future research pathways are suggested. Neurourol. Urodynam. 29: 191–198, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Brain injury: recovery and rehabilitation
Authors: Wilson Barbara A. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThis paper discusses contributing factors relating to recovery and rehabilitation among patients who have sustained nonprogressive brain injury. Following a brief description of conditions observed in people with brain damage and their incidence and prevalence, the paper then focuses on survivors of traumatic brain injury (TBI), concentrating particularly on recovery and rehabilitation within this group. As recovery means different things to different people, the term is used here to mean partial recovery of function together with substitution of function.1Consideration is given to factors influencing recovery from TBI, particularly age, gender, and cognitive reserve. Mechanisms of recovery are also examined, particularly regeneration, diaschisis, and plasticity. Attention is then focused on rehabilitation, a process whereby survivors of brain injury are helped to attain their optimum level of functioning and return to their own most appropriate environments. Cognitive rehabilitation is typically aimed at helping people compensate for their difficulties. The need to treat cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial consequences of brain injury is recognized, and different approaches to rehabilitation are described together with the main changes seen in the past few years. Finally, evidence for the success of neuropsychological rehabilitation is presented. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.This article is categorized under:Psychology > Brain Function and DysfunctionNeuroscience > Cognition
Spleen‐preserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein: techniques and its significance
Authors: Kimura Wataru , Yano Mitsuhiro , Sugawara Shuichiro , Okazaki Shinji , Sato Tamie , Moriya Toshiyuki , Watanabe Toshihiro , Fujimoto Hiroto , Tezuka Koji , Takeshita Akiko , Hirai Ichiro 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBackgroundPreservation of the spleen in distal pancreatectomy has recently attracted considerable attention. Since our first trial and success with spleen‐preserving distal pancreatectomy with conservation of the splenic artery and vein for tumors of the pancreas and chronic pancreatitis, this procedure (Kimura's procedure) has been performed very frequently.MethodsThe techniques for spleen‐preserving distal pancreatectomy (SpDP) with conservation of the splenic artery and vein are clarified. The splenic vein is identified behind the pancreas and within the thin connective tissue membrane (fusion fascia of Toldt). The connective tissue membrane is cut longitudinally above the splenic vein. It is important to remove the splenic vein from the pancreas by working from the body of the pancreas toward the spleen (median approach), because it is very difficult to remove it in the other direction. The pancreas is removed from the splenic artery by proceeding from the spleen toward the head of the pancreas.ResultsPreservation of the spleen offers various advantages. The maximum platelet levels in blood serum are significantly lower in postoperative patients with splenic preservation than in those with splenectomy. The platelet count was maximal on postoperative day 10 in the 16 patients with SpDP and the count was maximal on postoperative day 13 in the 16 patients with distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy (DPS), and there was a smaller increase in the patients with SpDP than in the patients with DPS. Postoperative bleeding from an ablated splenic artery and vein in SpDP has not been encountered. Either DPS or spleen preservation without preservation of the splenic artery and vein may reduce the blood supply to the residual proximal stomach after distal gastrectomy, which is different from the findings in the Kimura procedure.ConclusionIn SpDP, a very slight elevation of the platelet count in serum may help to prevent infarction of the lungs and brain compared to DPS. Another advantage of SpDP performed according to our procedure is that the blood supply to the proximal stomach is conserved in patients with SpDP who undergo distal gastrectomy with resection of the left gastric artery. Benign lesions, as well as low‐grade malignancy of the body and tail of the pancreas, may be indications for this procedure. Surgeons should know the techniques and significance of SpDP with conservation of the splenic artery and vein, which is a very safe and reliable method.
Oblique tibial osteotomy revisited
Authors: Rab George T. 
Published: December 2009

Purpose Oblique proximal tibial osteotomy is a useful option for correcting deformity associated with Blount's disease (tibia vara). Safe, adequate correction depends on technical issues that have evolved since the original description of the procedure. Methods Retrospective review of surgical experience. Results The refinement of osteotomy plane orientation, based on the distal rather than the proximal tibia, reduces the likelihood of procurvatum after surgery. The stability of the osteotomy is enhanced by an improved screw fixation technique. The risk of compartment syndrome is low if prophylactic partial fasciotomy is performed concurrently. Avoidance of spinal or regional block anesthesia minimizes the possibility of failure to detect post-operative compartment syndrome. Conclusions Improvements in the technical execution of oblique proximal tibial osteotomy enhances the correction and predictability of the procedure.
Sharing stories: a meta-ethnographic analysis of 12 autobiographies written by people with dementia between 1989 and 2007
Authors: PAGE SEAN , KEADY JOHN 
Published: December 2009

ABSTRACTPeople with dementia are finding increasingly creative and diverse ways of making their voice heard in society and one such method is through the publication of autobiographical accounts. Following set inclusion criteria, this meta-ethnographic analysis compares and contrasts the contents of 12 books written by people with dementia and published between 1989 (the year of publication of the first text) and the end of 2007 (the selected cut-off point for inclusion). Of the 12 books, three authors were published twice, five were male, eight were from the United States of America, one was Australian and all nine had a professional background. Eight of the authors had Alzheimer's disease and one had fronto-temporal dementia. The average age of the narrator was 51.5 years (age range 38–61 years). Meta-ethnographic analysis of the 12 books inductively generated five themes that linked each story and these were: (a) awareness of change; (b) experiencing loss; (c) standing up and bearing witness; (d) sustaining continuity; and (e) liberation and death. The importance of reconstructing identity appeared a pivotal process in living with the onset and progression of dementia together with maintaining key social relationships and networks.
CALL teacher education as an impetus for L2 teachers in integrating technology
Authors: Hong Kwang Hee 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe ultimate goal of CALL teacher education is to enable L2 teachers to integrate CALL technology into their classroom with confidence and knowledge. As a way to achieve this goal, an increasing number of studies have paid attention to the integration of CALL technology into the teacher education program and into the classroom. Nonetheless, there is little specific research into L2 teachers’ integration of technology into the classroom in relation to their prior technology education. As a means of better understanding the complexity of L2 teachers’ integration of technology into the classroom, this paper proposes a spherical model of such integration by reviewing and synthesizing the relevant literature. Drawing on this model, the paper emphasizes the importance of CALL teacher education with regard to L2 teachers’ integration of technology into the classroom. Next, it discusses how the model can contribute to future research on such integration.
Penetrating cation/fatty acid anion pair as a mitochondria-targeted protonophore
Authors: Severin Fedor F. , Severina Inna I. , Antonenko Yury N. , Rokitskaya Tatiana I. , Cherepanov Dmitry A. , Mokhova Elena N. , Vyssokikh Mikhail Yu. , Pustovidko Antonina V. , Markova Olga V. , Yaguzhinsky Lev S. , Korshunova Galina A. , Sumbatyan Nataliya V. , Skulachev Maxim V. , Skulachev Vladimir P. 
Published: December 2009

A unique phenomenon of mitochondria-targeted protonophores is described. It consists in a transmembrane H
+
-conducting fatty acid cycling mediated by penetrating cations such as 10-(6’-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) or dodecyltriphenylphosphonium (C
12
TPP). The phenomenon has been modeled by molecular dynamics and directly proved by experiments on bilayer planar phospholipid membrane, liposomes, isolated mitochondria, and yeast cells. In bilayer planar phospholipid membrane, the concerted action of penetrating cations and fatty acids is found to result in conversion of a pH gradient (ΔpH) to a membrane potential (Δ
ψ
) of the Nernstian value (about 60 mV Δ
ψ
at ΔpH = 1). A hydrophobic cation with localized charge (cetyltrimethylammonium) failed to substitute for hydrophobic cations with delocalized charge. In isolated mitochondria, SkQ1 and C
12
TPP, but not cetyltrimethylammonium, potentiated fatty acid-induced (
i
) uncoupling of respiration and phosphorylation, and (
ii
) inhibition of H
2
O
2
formation. In intact yeast cells, C
12
TPP stimulated respiration regardless of the extracellular pH value, whereas a nontargeted protonophorous uncoupler (trifluoromethoxycarbonylcyanide phenylhydrazone) stimulated respiration at pH 5 but not at pH 3. Hydrophobic penetrating cations might be promising to treat obesity, senescence, and some kinds of cancer that require mitochondrial hyperpolarization.
State-to-state quantum dynamics of O + O
2
isotope exchange reactions reveals nonstatistical behavior at atmospheric conditions
Authors: Sun Zhigang , Liu Lan , Lin Shi Ying , Schinke Reinhard , Guo Hua , Zhang Dong H. 
Published: December 2009

The O + O
2
exchange reaction is a prerequisite for the formation of ozone in Earth’s atmosphere. We report here state-to-state differential and integral cross sections for several O + O
2
isotope-exchange reactions obtained by dynamically exact quantum scattering calculations at collision energies relevant to atmospheric conditions. These reactions are shown to be highly nonstatistical, evidenced by dominant forward scattering and deviation of the integral cross section from the statistical limit. Mechanistic analyses revealed that the nonstatistical channel is facilitated by short-lived osculating resonances. The theoretical results provided an in-depth interpretation of a recent molecular beam experiment of the exchange reaction and shed light on the initial step of ozone recombination.
RNA-Seq gene expression estimation with read mapping uncertainty
Authors: Li Bo , Ruotti Victor , Stewart Ron M. , Thomson James A. , Dewey Colin N. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMotivation: RNA-Seq is a promising new technology for accurately measuring gene expression levels. Expression estimation with RNA-Seq requires the mapping of relatively short sequencing reads to a reference genome or transcript set. Because reads are generally shorter than transcripts from which they are derived, a single read may map to multiple genes and isoforms, complicating expression analyses. Previous computational methods either discard reads that map to multiple locations or allocate them to genes heuristically.Results: We present a generative statistical model and associated inference methods that handle read mapping uncertainty in a principled manner. Through simulations parameterized by real RNA-Seq data, we show that our method is more accurate than previous methods. Our improved accuracy is the result of handling read mapping uncertainty with a statistical model and the estimation of gene expression levels as the sum of isoform expression levels. Unlike previous methods, our method is capable of modeling non-uniform read distributions. Simulations with our method indicate that a read length of 20–25 bases is optimal for gene-level expression estimation from mouse and maize RNA-Seq data when sequencing throughput is fixed.Availability: An initial C++ implementation of our method that was used for the results presented in this article is available at http://deweylab.biostat.wisc.edu/rsem.Contact: cdewey@biostat.wisc.eduSupplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics on
Diagnostic performance of multisequential cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in acute cardiac allograft rejection
Authors: Taylor Andrew J. , Vaddadi Gautam , Pfluger Heinz , Butler Michelle , Bergin Peter , Leet Angeline , Richardson Meroula , Cherayath Joshi , Iles Leah , Kaye David M. 
Published: December 2009

AimsWe evaluated cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) as a non‐invasive test for cardiac allograft rejection.Methods and resultsWe performed CMR on 50 heart‐transplant recipients. Acute rejection was confirmed in 11 cases by endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) and presumed in 8 cases with a recent fall in left‐ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) not attributable to coronary allograft vasculopathy. Control patients had both normal LVEF and no significant rejection on EMB. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging evaluated myocardial function, oedema, and early and late post‐Gadolinium‐DTPA contrast enhancement. Patients with confirmed rejection demonstrated elevated early relative myocardial contrast enhancement (4.1 ± 0.3 vs. 2.8 ± 0.2, P < 0.001) and a trend to higher oedema suggested by higher relative myocardial intensity on T2‐weighted imaging compared to controls (2.1 ± 0.1 vs. 1.7 ± 0.1, P = 0.1). With rejection defined as increased early contrast enhancement or myocardial oedema, the sensitivity and specificity of CMR compared with EMB were 100 and 73%, respectively. Eight patients with presumed rejection also had elevated early myocardial contrast enhancement compared with controls, (8.7 ± 1.9 vs. 2.8 ± 0.2, P < 0.05), which reduced following increased immunosuppression (8.7 ± 1.9 vs. 4.6 ± 1.2, P < 0.05). In these patients LVEF improved following increased immunosuppression (32 ± 5 vs. 46 ± 5%, P < 0.05).ConclusionCardiac magnetic resonance imaging is a promising modality for non‐invasive detection of cardiac allograft rejection.
A survey of pathogens and metazoan parasites on wild sea trout (Salmo trutta) in Scottish waters
Authors: Urquhart Katy , Pert Campbell C. , Fryer Rob J. , Cook Paul , Weir Sarah , Kilburn Rachel , McCarthy Una , Simons Judy , McBeath Sonia J. , Matejusova Iveta , Bricknell Ian R. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractUrquhart, K., Pert, C. C., Fryer, R. J., Cook, P., Weir, S., Kilburn, R., McCarthy, U., Simons, J., McBeath, S. J., Matejusova, I., and Bricknell, I. R. 2010. A survey of pathogens and metazoan parasites on wild sea trout (Salmo trutta) in Scottish waters. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 444–453. In all, 300 wild sea trout were sampled from three east coast and two west coast sites around Scotland over a 3-year period to establish the prevalence and the abundance of bacteria, viruses, and ecto- and endoparasites. No bacterial pathogens were isolated from any fish. One fish tested positive for viral pathogens (infectious pancreatic necrosis virus). The viral agent syncytium, resulting from aquareovirus infection, was found in four fish from the east coast. The parasitic fauna consisted of three classes of ectoparasite, Monogenea, Isopoda, and Copepoda, and four classes of endoparasite, Cestoda, Digenea, Nematoda, and Acanthocephala. Sea trout from the east coast sites were larger than those from the west coast. The abundance of Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Hysterothylacium aduncum, and Anisakis sp. was significantly greater at the east coast sites. The only parasite found in significantly greater numbers at a west coast site was Pomphorhynchus laevis.