bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoelasticity of phase D and implications for low-velocity anomalies and local discontinuities at the uppermost lower mantle
Authors: Hao Shangqin , Yang Dapeng , Wang Wenzhong , Zou Fan , Wu Zhongqing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The distribution of water reservoirs in the deep Earth is critical to understanding geochemical evolution and mantle dynamics. Phase D is a potential water carrier in the slab subducted to the uppermost lower mantle (ULM), and its seismic velocity and density characteristics are important for seismological detection in water reservoirs, but these properties remain poorly constrained. Here, we calculate the seismic velocities and density of Mg-end-member phase D (MgSi2H2O6) under the ULM conditions using first-principles calculations based on the density functional theory. The velocities of phase D are higher than those of periclase and slightly lower than those of bridgmanite by 0.5–3.4% for VP and by 0–1.9% for VS between 660 and 1000 km depths. Considering its relatively low content, phase D can hardly produce a low-velocity anomaly in the ULM observed by seismological studies. However, its strong elastic anisotropy may contribute significantly to the observed seismic anisotropy at a similar depth. Additionally, phase D dehydrates into bridgmanite and stishovite at the ULM, producing insignificant velocity changes but a substantial density increase of ∼14%. Therefore, the dehydration is probably too weak to generate discontinuities associated with velocity jumps. In contrast, it may account for seismic discontinuities sensitive to impedance changes, particularly density jumps, near the dehydration depth observed in some subduction zones.
Uramphite, (NH4)(UO2)(PO4)·3H2O, from the second world occurrence, Beshtau uranium deposit, Northern Caucasus, Russia: Crystal-structure refinement, infrared spectroscopy, and relation to uramarsite
Authors: Gurzhiy Vladislav V. , Kasatkin Anatoly V. , Chukanov Nikita V. , Plášil Jakub 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Uramphite, (NH4)(UO2)(PO4)·3H2O, was found at Beshtau uranium deposit, Northern Caucasus, Russia, as the second world occurrence besides its type locality, Tura-Kavak uranium-coal deposit in Kyrgyzstan. In Beshtau, it occurs as yellow tabular crystals up to 0.3 mm grouped in crusts on a matrix composed of albite, microcline, quartz, and chamosite in association with liebigite, meta-autunite, and plumbogummite. The empirical formula calculated on the basis of 6 O apfu and 3 H2O is [(NH4)0.91K0.08]Σ0.99P0.99U1.016+O6·3H2O. According to single-crystal X-ray diffraction, uramphite is tetragonal, P4/nmm, with a = 6.9971(3), c = 8.9787(9) Å, V = 439.59(6) Å3, and Z = 2. The crystal structure was refined to R1 = 3.28% for 255 unique observed reflections with |Fo|≥4σF. A model for the distribution of H2O and NH4+ molecules in the interlayer space based on the electron density distribution data is proposed. The mineral belongs to the meta-autunite group. The IR spectrum shows the splitting of the band of H-N-H bending vibrations into four components, which is explained here by the resonance splitting of a group of NH4+ cations occurring around the fourfold axis at close distances from each other. Uramphite is related to uramarsite, (NH4)(UO2)(AsO4)·3H2O. The two minerals have similar crystal structures and IR spectra. However, they are not isostructural. Uramarsite is triclinic, contains a significant amount of P in arsenate sites, and significantly differs from uramphite by the arrangement of H2O and NH4+ molecules in the interlayer space (planar and well organized in uramphite vs. disordered in uramarsite).
Graph Neural Networks with Multi-features for Predicting Cocrystals using APIs and Coformers Interactions
Authors: Mswahili Medard Edmund , Jo Kyuri , Lee SeungDong , Jeong Young-Seob 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) have gained direct
pharmaceutical interest, along with their in vitro properties, and thus utilized as auxiliary
solid dosage forms upon FDA guidance and approval on pharmaceutical cocrystals
when reacting with coformers, as a potential and attractive route for drug substance
development.

Methods:
However, screening and selecting suitable and appropriate coformers that may
potentially react with APIs to successfully form cocrystals is a time-consuming, inefficient,
economically expensive, and labour-intensive task. In this study, we implemented
GNNs to predict the formation of cocrystals using our introduced API-coformers relational
graph data. We further compared our work with previous studies that implemented
descriptor-based models (e.g., random forest, support vector machine, extreme gradient
boosting, and artificial neural networks).

Results:
All built graph-based models show compelling performance accuracies (i.e.,
91.36, 94.60 and 95. 95% for GCN, GraphSAGE, and RGCN respectively). RGCN demonstrated
effectiveness and prevailed among the built graph-based models due to its capability
to capture intricate and learn nuanced relationships between entities such as
non-ionic and non-covalent interactions or link information between APIs and coformers
which are crucial for accurate predictions and representations.

Conclusion:
These capabilities allows the model to adeptly learn the topological structure
inherent in the graph data.
Integrated Serum Pharmacochemistry, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking to Study the Mechanism of Rhubarb against Atherosclerosis
Authors: Cai Zhi-Yan , Li Shu-Jiao , Wang Yu-Qing 
Published: June 2024

Background:
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by
the accumulation of lipids, the formation of lesion plaques, and the narrowing of arterial lumens.
Rhubarb has significant effects against AS, but there is a lack of analysis and exploration of the
mechanism of action of the transitional components in serum containing rhubarb.

Objective:
This work aims to combine serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology, and
molecular docking to explore active ingredients and mechanism of rhubarb against AS.

Method:
Firstly, the components of rhubarb in blood samples were identified using HPLC-QTOF/
MS. The ingredients-targets-disease interaction network of rhubarb was constructed
through network pharmacology. Then, molecular docking between the ingredients and the core
targets was carried out using the Autodock Vina software.

Results:
Eleven active ingredients and five metabolites were preliminarily identified. The network
pharmacology results showed that chrysophanol, resveratrol, and emodin might have potential
pharmacological effects on AS. The PPI network showed that the key proteins were
PTGS2, ESR1, PTGS1, and ELANE. GO analysis revealed that genes were mainly enriched in
the inflammatory response and response to exogenous stimuli. Moreover, these genes were related
to IL-17 signaling pathways, lipid and atherosclerosis, and other pathways. Molecular docking
analyses showed that chrysophanol and emodin have strong binding affinities with the target
proteins PTGS2 and PTGS1.

Conclusion:
A comprehensive strategy combining serum pharmacochemistry with network
pharmacology and molecular docking was employed to investigate the active ingredients and the
mechanism of rhubarb in treating AS, which provided a basis for studying the pharmacological
effects and action mechanisms of rhubarb.
Hypertensive Crisis Associated with Serotonin Syndrome Following Linezolid Administration: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Shahbazi Foroud , Shojaei Lida 
Published: June 2024

Introduction:
Serotonin syndrome is a potentially life-threatening condition that can
occur as a result of the therapeutic use of serotonergic medications or drug interaction. In this
study, we describe two cases of serotonin syndrome-associated hypertensive crisis following
linezolid use.

Case Presentation:
The first patient was a 52-year-old female who was admitted due to a diabetic
foot infection and pneumonia associated with a decreased consciousness level. Serotonin syndrome
occurred 24 hours after starting the linezolid use. Resistant hypertension was the main
hemodynamic finding. It could not be controlled with amlodipine, valsartan, prazosin, and nitroglycerin
infusion. Resistant hypertension and other symptoms of serotonin syndrome were resolved
about 48 hours after discontinuation of linezolid use.
The second case was a man with a history of kidney transplant, diabetes, and hypertension. He
was admitted to the ICU due to severe COVID-19 broad-spectrum antibiotics [linezolid,
cefepime], and remdesivir was initiated. Following intubation, continuous infusion of fentanyl
was used for sedation. Within 24 hours after fentanyl and linezolid initiation, severe agitation,
eye clonus, hyperreflexia, hypertension [160-186 /90-110 mmHg], and tachycardia [>100/min]
were noted. With the possible diagnosis of serotonin syndrome, fentanyl was discontinued, and
morphine was initiated. The patient’s symptoms improved 48 hours after discontinuation of fentanyl.

Conclusion:
Both of the patients had a history of controlled hypertension. However, serotonin
syndrome occurred following the use of linezolid and concomitant/recent use of serotonergic
agents. A thorough evaluation of the patient’s medical history and current situation can help clinicians
prevent this syndrome in critically ill patients.
Kajian musikologis “Ya’ahowu” movement pertama dalam “Moroi ba danö niha numalö ba danö jawa” musik program budaya Nias
Authors: Zega Venti Krisdayanti , Untung Rachel Mediana , Ruswanto Yohanes 
Published: June 2024

Studi ini dilakukan dalam ranah penciptaan karya komposisi musik yang menceritakan tentang kehidupan penulis berdasarkan budaya sendiri (Nias). Sejalan dengan proses penciptaan itu, penulis menceritakan proses penyusunan karya dan menganalisis karya tersebut. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka, penelitian kualitatif dan melakukan analisis menggunakan pendekatan musikologi. Selain menggunakan studi pustaka, pengumpulan data yang dilakukan didasarkan dari beberapa artikel jurnal dari hasil wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses cipta dari karya yang disusun menggunakan empat tahapan kreasi dan analisis struktural dari karya yang disusun terbagi menjadi enam bagian. Proses kreatif pada karya yang telah disusun didasarkan atas pengalaman empiris dari penulis kemudian untuk analisis struktural dari karya ini merupakan bagian dari proses penciptaan komposisi yang sudah dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian untuk mempermudah analisis dari karya ini. Tulisan ini menyarankan perlunya berbagai sumber informasi yang lebih luas yang diteliti dalam penambahan sumber data untuk memungkinkan karya yang disusun dapat dipahami oleh masyarakat. Kata kunci: Musik program, budaya Nias, proses kreatif, pengalaman empiris, analisis struktural The musicological study of the “Ya’ahowu” movement in “Moroi ba danö niha numalö ba danö jawa” Nias cultural music program AbstractThis study is conducted in the realm of creating musical compositions that narrate the author’s life based on their own culture (Nias). Along with the creative process, the author describes the process of composing the work and analyzes the composition. This research employs literature review, qualitative research, and analysis using a musicological approach. In addition to the literature review, data collection is based on several journal articles from interviews and observations. The findings of this research show that the creation process of the composition follows four stages of creation, and the structural analysis of the composition is divided into six sections. The creative process of the composition is based on the author’s empirical experiences. The structural analysis of the composition is part of the creation process, divided into several parts to facilitate the analysis of the work. This paper suggests the need for a wider range of information sources to be examined in the addition of data sources to enable the composition to be understood by the public. Keywords: Music program, Nias culture, creative process, empirical experience, structural analysis
Averaged versus Persistent Reduction in Urine Output to Define Oliguria in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Monard Céline , Bianchi Nathan , Kelevina Tatiana , Altarelli Marco , Chaouch Aziz , Schneider Antoine 
Published: June 2024

Key Points

When assessing urine output, consideration of an average or persistent value below a threshold has important diagnostic and prognostic implicationsSeventy-three percent (95% confidence interval, 72.3 to 73.7) of patients had oliguria by the average method versus 54.3% (53.5 to 55.1) by the persistent method.

Background
Oliguria is defined as a urine output (UO) of <0.5 ml/kg per hour over 6 hours. There is no consensus as per whether an average or persistent value should be considered.

Methods
We analyzed all adults admitted to a tertiary intensive care unit between 2010 and 2020, except those on chronic dialysis or who declined consent. We extracted hourly UO and, across 6-hour sliding time windows, assessed for the presence of oliguria according to the average (mean UO below threshold) and persistent (all measurements below a threshold) methods. For both methods, we compared oliguria's incidence and association with 90-day mortality and acute kidney disease at hospital discharge.

Results
Among 15,253 patients, the average method identified oliguria more often than the persistent method (73% [95% confidence interval, 72.3 to 73.7] versus 54.3% [53.5 to 55.1]). It displayed a higher sensitivity for the prediction of 90-day mortality (85% [83.6 to 86.4] versus 70.3% [68.5 to 72]) and acute kidney disease at hospital discharge (85.6% [84.2 to 87] versus 71.8% [70 to 73.6]). However, its specificity was lower for both outcomes (29.8% [28.9 to 30.6] versus 49.4% [48.5 to 50.3] and 29.8% [29 to 30.7] versus 49.8% [48.9 to 50.7]). After adjusting for illness severity, comorbidities, age, admission year, weight, sex, and AKI on admission, the absolute difference in mortality attributable to oliguria at the population level was similar with both methods (5%). Similar results were obtained when analyses were restricted to patients without AKI on admission, with documented body weight, with presence of indwelling catheter throughout stay, and who did not receive KRT or diuretics.

Conclusions
The assessment method of oliguria has major diagnostic and prognostic implications. Its definition should be standardized.
Potret Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Pada Sekolah Mandiri Berubah
Authors: Astuti Ni Putu Eni , Lasmawan I Wayan , Suastra I Wayan , Kusuma Komang Nada 
Published: June 2024

Penerapan kurikulum merdeka membawa banyak perubahan termasuk berbagai persoalan didalam implementasinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui implementasi kurikulum merdeka pada jalur mandiri berubah di SD. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis implementasi kurikulum merdeka pada sekolah mandiri berubah. Jenis penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah guru-guru SD. Objeknya adalah implementasi kurikulum merdeka. Pengumpulan data dengan observasi dan wawancara. Data dianalisis dalam bentuk persentase dan dikategorikan sesuai nilai yang diperoleh. Hasil penelitian menyatakan implementasi kumer di SD berada pada kategori rendah. Didalam implementasinya, penelitian menemukan persepsi guru terhadap konsep implementasi kurikulum jalur mandiri berubah tidak selaras dengan pemerintah. Hal ini dibuktikan saat merancang pembelajaran dimana guru mengambil dan menggunakan perangkat ajar yang disediakan oleh pemerintah secara utuh tanpa mempertimbangkan kebutuhan siswa, sekolah, dan karakteristik mata pelajaran serta lingkungan tempat tinggal siswa. Implementasi tersebut berakar dari pemaham guru yang mempersepsikan bahwa pemerintah sudah menyediakan perangkat pembelajaran dan hanya tinggal menggunakannya saja pada pada sekolah mandiri berubah. Guru untuk merancang perangkat ajar sendiri, melakukan evaluasi pada implementasi kurmer yang sudah berjalan, berdiskusi dengan ahli kurikulum, dan melaksanakan workshop kepada guru-guru tentang kurmer, serta memanfaatkan platform merdeka mengajar.
Media Jeopardy Game Berbasis Powerpoint Untuk Muatan IPA di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Ida Ayu Lingga Komala Sari  , I Gusti Ayu Tri Agustiana  , Ni Wayan Rati  
Published: June 2024

Kendala yang terjadi saat pembelajaran yaitu guru kurang mampu menyediakan sarana belajar untuk siswa. Hal ini berdampak pada hasil belajar siswa yang rendah. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan media Jeopardy game berbasis powerpoint untuk muatan IPA di Sekolah Dasar. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu pengembangan dengan menggunakan model ADDIE Subjek penelitian yaitu 2 ahli isi pembelajaran dan 2 ahli media pembelajaran. Subjek uji coba yaitu siswa kelas V SD yan berjumlah 21 siswa. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu metode kuesioner. Instrument yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data yaitu rating scale. Teknik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis data yaitu analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian yaitu penilaian yang diberikan oleh ahli isi materi pembelajaran yaitu yaitu 95,3% sehingga mendapatkan kualifikasi sangat baik. Penilaian yang dilakukan oleh ahli media pembelajajaran yaitu 93% (sangat baik). Hasil uji coba respon siswa mendapatkan persentase 90,19% (sangat baik). Disimpulkan bahwa Media Jeopardy game Berbasi Powerpoint valid dan layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran.
Physicochemical properties of tablet dosage form based on pre-gelatinized- and phosphorylated-modified starches from white-water yam (Dioscorea alata L.)
Authors: Sulastri E. , Yusriadi Y. , Ma’rifa M. , Mulyani M. , Aanisah N. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
White-water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) is one of the potential sources of starch; however, it is not yet available for commercial purposes. Besides, native white-water yam starch (WS) presents limited functionality due to poor flowability, mechanical properties and instability at high temperature and acidic conditions. Therefore, this study aims to modify the starch to improve its characteristics and make it useful as an excipient for the preparation of the tablets.

Materials and methods
The modification of WS was achieved by physical and chemical treatments, specifically pre-gelatinization and phosphorylation, respectively. Pre-gelatinization WS involves heating, meanwhile phosphorylation WS is obtained by treating WS with sodium tripolyphosphate.

Results
The results showed that the powder of the modified WS has good characteristics which improved the flowability of the powder mixture as a granule based on density, porosity, compressibility index and swelling power determination. The WS granules were found to display the oval or irregular (polygonal) shape with the amylose content 11.92±0.61% for unmodified WS, 10.41±0.90% for pre-gelatinized WS and 12.61±1.75% for phosphorylated WS. Furthermore, the granule was formulated as an excipient in tablet preparations, and the formulas were compressed after wet granulation. The mechanical properties of the tablets were assessed using uniformity of mass and size, hardness, friability and disintegration time. WS modification affects the hardness of tablets when used as a binder. Phosphorylated WS is recommended to be used as a binder in wet granulation formulations because it produces tablets with a longer disintegration time, which means better binding ability. However, the utilization of modified WS with both pre-gelatinization and phosphorylation leads to tablets with low brittleness compared to others with unmodified binder with the disintegration time still met the requirement of fast disintegrating tablet (<15 minutes).

Conclusion
All the physical properties studied indicated that the modified WS is a promising pharmaceutical excipient in tablets.
De-Dollarisation in International Payments: Trend or Fiction
Authors: Todorova Vesela , Moraliyska Monika , Raycheva Iva 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The present research paper is focused the widely debated topic related to de-dollarization. It examines the trend of de-dollarization to check if the statements that the dollar is losing its weight and is about to lose its leading position in international trade payments are substantiated. Firstly, the theoretical framework behind the dollarization is explored. Secondly, the factors believed to be the basis of the de-dollarization process have been identified and analyzed, which are related to: geopolitical processes, changes in international payments policy in some BRICS countries, changes in international trade, etc. A performed analysis of the currency turnover in international trade, based on data from official sources, was made through forecast regression, which predicts the development of the share of the dollar in international payments. A correlation matrix was also calculated, showing the correlation links between the dollar and the other leadng currencies. The hypothesis, which is confirmed by the practical research, is that the de-dollarization process is proceeding slowly and uncertainly, and will continue to develop at a low pace leading to insignificant changes in the structure of the currency composition of international payments in the short and medium term. Further research could further explore each of the factors that could lead to a real dedollarisation trend in international payments.
On a generalization of the Cahn-Hilliard type equation with logarithmic nonlinearities in island formation
Authors: Fakih Hussein , Badreddine Marwa , Alsayed Hawraa , Awad Yahia 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In this paper, the main objective is to demonstrate the existence of solutions for an equation resembling the Cahn-Hilliard model, featuring a proliferation term and a logarithmic nonlinear term. This equation is conceptualized within the context of interactions in liquid-gas systems, particularly in the context of island formation. The primary challenge lies in the departure from the original Cahn-Hilliard equation, as we no longer maintain conservation of the spatial average mean of the order parameter. This departure introduces the complexity in establishing uniform estimates for the solutions of the approximated problems concerning the regularization parameter, as it may potentially result in finite-time blow-up.
Non-Ricardian Borrowers and Mortgage Type: Implications for Monetary Policy Leaning against the Wind
Authors: Pietrzak Marcin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Leaning against the wind of credit booms is a monetary policy that is tighter than what is consistent with standard inflation targeting. This way the central bank tries to address excessive household debt. While the merits of such policy have been analysed, I argue that there are two dimensions that have been overlooked but are crucial: (i) ability of borrowers to freely adjust outstanding debt (refinancing) and (ii) dominant mortgage type in the economy (fixed or adjustable rate). I answer the research question using a standard macroeconomic model extended for the presence of borrowers who consume all their disposable income (hand-to-mouth) net of payments on long-term mortgage. I find that the optimal simple policy rule significantly depends on the ability to adjust debt and on mortgage type. Policy prescriptions based on models not accounting for these realistic features may lead to wrong monetary decisions.