bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Tympanoplasty on Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Chronic Otitis Media – Mucosal Disease
Authors: Ravikumar Aishwarya , Kamath P. Shrinath D. , Goutham MK , Bhat Vadisha , Aroor Rajeshwary , Sreesan P. S. 
Published: May 2024

Aim:
To assess the Eustachian tube function (ETF) in chronic otitis media (COM)-mucosal disease and the role of tympanoplasty in ETF.

Materials and Methods:
A longitudinal study from January 2019 to June 2020 which comprised of 110 patients diagnosed with COM– mucosal disease was carried out in a tertiary care referral hospital. They were divided into mucosal active (n = 34) and mucosal inactive (n = 76) groups. Preoperative ETF was assessed with immittance audiometry by Toynbee's method. All patients underwent tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy depending on the disease status. Postoperatively between 8 and 12 weeks after successful graft uptake, ETF was tested by William's test.

Results:
Out of 110 patients, 29 had Eustachian tube dysfunction preoperatively and 27 had normal ETF posttympanoplasty ± cortical mastoidectomy. Mc Nemer test was applied and P value was found to be < 0.01 denoting a highly significant difference between the pre and postoperative ETF.

Conclusion:
Tympanoplasty with or without cortical mastoidectomy has a therapeutic effect on ET dysfunction in COM-mucosal disease.
Hearing Aid Interventions and Its Effect on Hearing Handicap Inventory for Elderly Score Among Elders with Bilateral Hearing Impairment
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Kalyani C. Vasantha , Mudgal Shiv Kumar , Athira B. , Gaur Rakhi , Varshney Saurabh 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Several elderly populations face impairment in hearing, difficulty in following discussions in the presence of multiple talkers, understanding the speech of unfamiliar people, understanding fast speech, and understanding speech in noisy environments. Many hearing rehabilitation programs came into the picture for the help of the elderly population. The aim of the meta-analysis was to assess the effect of hearing aid interventions on hearing handicap inventory for elderly (HHIE) scores among elders with bilateral hearing impairment in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Materials and Methods:
Two independent reviewers searched for full-text RCTs from worldwide online databases named PubMed and Google Scholar. Studies from January 2000 to January 2022 in the English language conducted among humans were considered. The search strategy contains PICO format in which P-elders with bilateral hearing impairment, I-hearing aid intervention, C-placebo, O-HHIE scores as outcome measures.

Results:
A total of 28 trials were identified from online databases using PICO format further on evaluation 8 trials with a total of 445 participants were included for the final meta-analysis of the study. The pooled results after sensitivity analysis revealed that 7 trials had a significant reduction in mean difference (MD) of HHIE score among elders with bilateral hearing impairment (MD-2.21 (95% confidence interval [CI] = −4.24 to −0.19), P = 0.03 with heterogeneity (I
2 = 48%, P = 0.07) in the fixed-effect model. The Stratified analysis was also done between subgroups as HHIE-social/situational and HHIE-emotional scores shows no significant difference among subgroups for the reduction in a MD of scores −5.34 (95% CI −7.05, −3.64), P = 0.03 without any heterogeneity (I
2 = 0%, P = 0.97) with use of fixed-effect model.

Conclusion:
The findings of the meta-analysis revealed that any type of hearing aids interventional program is found to be effective in reducing HHIE scores. It indicates that these interventions result in a reduction in social and emotional consequences due to hearing loss among elders with bilateral hearing impairment. Adherence to the hearing rehabilitation programs is highly recommended by the researchers to improve social and emotional aspects of life among elders.
Window Deroofing with Dental Roll Suturing for Pseudocyst Pinna, Simple Solution for Notorious Disease
Authors: Beesanahalli Yogeesha S. , Ramya K. , Ajith K. M. , Maradi Nagaraj , Bai R. Latha 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Pseudocyst of the pinna is a benign cystic lesion on the lateral surface of the pinna with no definitive etiology or treatment. Various methods are currently used to manage this disease. Most of the treatment options are prone to disease recurrence and are associated with cosmetic sequelae. We report 16 cases of unilateral pseudocyst that were treated with window deroofing and pressure dressing with dental roll suturing.

Aim:
This study aimed to study the effectiveness of window deroofing with dental roll suturing in the treatment of pseudocyst of the auricle with respect to recurrence and postprocedural sequelae.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective study at a tertiary care center for 2 years, which included 16 patients with a diagnosis of pseudocyst pinna. All the patients were treated by excising a small triangular piece of skin along with perichondrium, followed by dental roll suturing for pressure dressing; and were followed up after 1 week and 1 month of surgery.

Results:
All 16 cases were completely relieved of the disease at the end of 1 month. None of our patients had a recurrence and only 2 cases (12.5%) showed thickening of the pinna skin.

Conclusions:
The surgical treatment by window deroofing with dental roll suturing technique gave a reliable result in all cases of pseudocyst pinna with no evidence of recurrence and acceptable cosmetic results.
Pre- and Postoperative Treatment of Keloid Pinna with Triamcinolone Injection
Authors: Karthikeyan D. Anand , Kumar Poornima 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Keloid is a pathological cutaneous dermal lesion resulting from aberrant wound-healing process. It mainly arises in the chest, upper back, earlobes, and shoulder region. Keloid pinna is common diagnosis in the ear, nose, and throat, for which various treatment options are available. We describe our experience with pre- and postoperative injections with triamcinolone.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective observational study from December 2020 to April 2022. A total of 16 cases (14 females and two males) were included in the study. Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) (40 mg/mL) was injected both preoperatively and postoperatively following surgical excision.

Results:
The triamcinolone injections resulted in drastic size reduction of the keloids and made the keloids softer in consistency. The main benefit of the triamcinolone injection was the soft-tissue margin reclamation making surgical excision easy.

Discussion:
The main advantage of preoperative intralesional TAC is size reduction, reduced vascularity and scar pliability, and better soft-tissue margin reclamation which helps in getting better operative margins for surgical excision leading to better cosmetic results.

Conclusion:
TAC injection perilesional in keloid pinna preoperatively improves the surgical outcomes and postoperative injection reduces the recurrence rates considerably.
Is Endoscopic Tympanoplasty an Alternative to Microscopic Tympanoplasty for Small Central Perforations? A Study
Authors: Rajguru Renu , Bedi Tejpal Singh , Rajguru Garima 
Published: May 2024

Introduction:
Traditional approaches to tympanoplasty involve the use of a microscope. However, with the advent of endoscopes and HD cameras, endoscopic tympanoplasty has appeared as an alternative to microscopic tympanoplasty. Our study was aimed at assessing the success rates of endoscopic tympanoplasty in small dry central perforations of pars tensa.

Materials and Methods:
49 patients were enrolled in this study for undergoing endoscopic tympanoplasty and the surgical outcome was analyzed in terms of graft uptake and postoperative air-bone gap closure for 6 months.

Results:
Among the study population, 45 participants (91.84%) had an intact neotympanum at the end of 6 months, two participants (4.08%) had residual perforation, and two (4.08%) had recurrent perforations due to upper respiratory tract infection. The mean preoperative air-bone gap (AB gap) was 23.63 dB ± 3.9 dB in the study population with a minimum of 16 dB and a maximum of 31 dB (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.43–24.83), whereas the mean postoperative AB gap was 13.84 dB ± 2.79 dB, minimum being 8 dB and maximum being 20 dB (95% CI 12.98–14.69). The difference between the preoperative and postoperative air-bone gap was statistically significant (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
We conclude that the endoscopic myringoplasty is an attractive alternative to conventional microscopic myringoplasty in terms of surgical outcomes, graft uptake, and air-bone gap closure.
Father Augustus Muller: An extraordinary life dedicated to the cause of Homoeopathy and charity
Authors: Das Biswo Ranjan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Fr Augustus Muller was a great homeopathic practitioner and the first Indian repertorian. He possessed the secrets of manufacturing quality homeopathic medicines. He drew his strength from his compassion for the poor. He worked relentlessly to bring assistance to the poor and suffering.
Fr Muller was a man of self-sacrifice, love for the poor and the sick, of the lepers in particular and by his universal charity, which deserved the gratitude of all classes. This article is a brief sketch of the life history of Fr Muller, which will inspire and motivate future generations of Homeopathy.
Efficacy of leukocyte–platelet-rich fibrin membrane in immediate postextraction implant placement: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Soni Monal , Gugnani Shalini , Pandit Nymphea , Bali Deepika , Sharma Monia 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Leukocyte–platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) membrane is an emerging autologous healing biomaterial that promotes angiogenesis and healing in immediate implant sites. The purpose of the study was to evaluate hard and soft tissue outcomes of immediate implant placement with or without L-PRF.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 18 immediate implants were divided randomly into two groups of 9 implants each, i.e., Group 1 and Group 2. All sites received a definitive restoration after 3 months of implant placement and were followed up for a period of 6-months.

Results:
Addition of L-PRF in the extraction sockets when placing immediate implants resulted in statistically nonsignificant benefit in terms of clinical and radiographic parameters when compared to immediate implant placement without L-PRF.

Conclusion:
Immediate implant placement in Group 2 demonstrated marginal but statistically significant benefit as compared to sites in Group 1.
Protein and mRNA expression of interleukin-33 in periodontally diseased and healthy individuals and impact of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in salivary IL-33 levels
Authors: Renjith Ambili , Rajan Nisha Sushama , Shaila Shabnas Nazar 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background:
Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of IL-1 beta family of cytokines having a pivotal role in bone destruction. However, its role in periodontal disease is not clearly established. The objective of the present study was to evaluate salivary and gingival IL-33 expression in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals. The change in salivary IL-33 after nonsurgical therapy was also analyzed.

Materials and Methods:
Salivary IL-33 concentration was estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in periodontally healthy and diseased individuals (30 in each group). Re-evaluation was done in periodontitis patients after 6 weeks of nonsurgical therapy. Further, the messenger ribonucleic acid expression of IL-33 in healthy and diseased gingival tissues was also examined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and correlated with IL-1 beta messenger ribonucleic acid.

Results:
Salivary IL-33 concentration in periodontitis patients was 1.65 fold higher than healthy controls (P < 0.0001), and 16% reduction was noticed after nonsurgical treatment. Salivary IL-33 concentration could be used to differentiate periodontitis from health at a cutoff value of 543.16 ng/mL with 93.33% sensitivity and 90% specificity (area under the curve 0.92). Upregulated gingival expression of IL-33 was also noted in periodontitis patients, and it was positively correlated with IL-1 beta (r = 0.7).

Conclusion:
The study reconfirms the role of IL-33 in periodontal disease, proposed a threshold value of differentiating healthy and periodontitis patients, and suggests IL-33 as a potential diagnostic biomarker for periodontal disease and to evaluate the response to periodontal therapy.
COVID-19 Associated Peripheral Gangrene: A Case Series
Authors: Patil Bharat Umakant , Hivre Mangesh , Ghongade Pravinkumar Vijaykumar , Gupta Anupama , Gupta Dilip 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 may develop venous and arterial thrombosis due to severe inflammation, cytokine storm, and diffuse intravascular coagulation, increasing mortality and morbidity. The aim was to report the clinical profile and outcome of patients diagnosed with peripheral gangrene associated with COVID-19. In this case series, we discussed the clinical presentation, laboratory parameters, and outcome in a series of three patients with peripheral gangrene associated with COVID-19 and also compared those findings. Three patients (two males and one female, age range: 50–72 years, and mean: 61.6 years) were admitted with the diagnosis of COVID-19-associated peripheral gangrene. Three patients had clinical and laboratory evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Marked thrombocytopenia was noted in two patients. Despite vigorous therapy, two patients succumbed to their illness within 9–21 days of intensive care admission. D-dimer level and procalcitonin increased in all cases, while those who succumbed to death showed a marked variation in the D-dimer level from day 1 to the day of death. Prothrombin time (PT) was markedly increased in all three cases, while activated partial thromboplastin time showed little change. Amputation was done in two patients, out of which one succumbed to death. Peripheral gangrene cases in the background of COVID-19 portend a fatal outcome and need strict monitoring of the D-dimer, procalcitonin, and PT level, and a marked variation in these values could be alarming and used as a marker for predicting survival in cases of COVID-19 with peripheral gangrene and also highlighted the limited role of amputation in reducing mortality.
Evaluation of Neck–Shaft Angle of Dry Femora in the Gangetic Region of West Bengal
Authors: Mukherjee Barnali , Sadhu Anirban , Majumdar Sudeshna 
Published: May 2024

Background:
Femur being the strongest and longest bone of the skeleton plays a crucial role in maintaining the usual anatomy of the hip joint. The neck–shaft angle (NSA) contributes greatly to the daily activity of the hip joint and therefore is of considerable importance in planning a proper surgery. Knowledge of the usual range of NSA is, therefore, imperative in the proper treatment of patients who present with disease of the hip related to the NSA. The objective of the present study was to estimate the minimum, maximum, mean, median, and range of NSA and to determine the difference(s) between the right and left sides of dry adult femora in the Gangetic region of West Bengal.

Methodology:
The present study was conducted on 281 dry adult femora (144 on the left and 137 on the right sides). The femora were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Measurements of NSA were based on the standard method.

Results:
The mean NSA of the total sample size was 124.12° ± 6.231°. The means for the left and right NSAs were 123.33° ± 6.47° and 124.91° ± 5.885°, respectively. The mean difference between the right and left femora was statistically significant. There was also a high degree of positive correlation between the NSAs of the left and right sides. Conclusion: This study establishes baseline data for the NSA of the Gangetic region of West Bengal, India. This will be helpful for orthopedic surgeons and implant makers to properly design and treat patients with problems of the NSA.
Does apneic oxygenation with nasopharyngeal cannula during intubation improve the oxygenation in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure compared to the standard bag valve mask preoxygenation? An open-labeled randomized control trial
Authors: Shahul Hameed Irfan Zubair , Hazra Darpanarayan , Ganesan Priya , Prabhakar Abhilash Kundavaram Paul 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:
In the context of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF), ensuring effective preoxygenation and apneic oxygenation emerges as the pivotal approach ensuring for averting hypoxemic adverse events during endotracheal intubation. To investigate this, we conducted an open-label randomized controlled trial, aiming to assess the comparative effectiveness of nasopharyngeal high-flow oxygenation in conjunction with Bag-Valve-Mask (BVM) versus standard BVM preoxygenation in patients experiencing AHRF within the emergency department (ED).

METHODS:
This prospective single-center, open-labeled, randomized controlled trial enrolled patients aged 18 years and above requiring rapid sequence intubation due to AHRF in the ED. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention arm (involving nasopharyngeal high-flow oxygenation and BVM preoxygenation) or the control arm (involving BVM preoxygenation alone).

RESULTS:
A total of 76 participants were enrolled in the study, evenly distributed with 38 individuals in each arm. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) SpO2 at 0 min postintubation was 95.5 (80%–99%) versus 89 (76%–98%); z-score: 1.081, P = 0.279 in the intervention and control arm, respectively. The most common postintubation complications included hypoxia (intervention arm: 56.7% vs. control arm: 66.7%) and circulatory/hypoxic arrest (intervention arm: 39.5% vs. control arm: 44.7%). There were no adverse complications in 36.7% (n = 11) of patients in the intervention arm. Despite the best possible medical management, almost half (52.6%) of patients in the intervention arm and 47.4% of patients in the control arm succumbed to their illnesses in the ED.

CONCLUSION:
The primary outcome revealed no statistically significant difference between the two arms. However, patients in the intervention arm exhibited fewer intubation-related adverse effects.
Posttraumatic stress disorder in health-care workers after two major earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaras, Turkey
Authors: Satilmis Dilay , Yildiz Egemen , Cevik Erdem 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES:
Earthquakes are one of the most studied uncontrollable natural conditions that cause negative psychological consequences. Although health-care workers (HCWs) are trained to manage trauma in the out-of-hospital area, uncontrollable tragic events in the earthquake field and exposure to life-threatening situations may cause psychological disorders. This study aimed to investigate the risk of the development of probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the factors affecting it in HCWs working in the region during major earthquakes centered in Kahramanmaras.

METHODS:
The questionnaire, which consists of the Turkish version of the 20-item PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) self-report measure assessing DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD, was applied to HCWs. The Turkish version of the PCL-5 proved validity and reliability, with a cutoff point of ≥47 to diagnose probable PTSD.

RESULTS:
In this study, of the 79 HCWs, 62.7% were male. The overall probable PTSD rate was 37.9% (n = 30). Female participants had a significantly higher probable PTSD rate than males (P < 0.001). The nurses met probable PTSD criteria statistically significantly more than the doctors (P = 0.026). The multiple regression analysis for predictors of probable PTSD revealed that female gender, previously working in a level 1 hospital, and being a nurse were among the independent risk factors.

CONCLUSION:
This study showed that the probable PTSD rate was high among HCWs and that female HCWs were at higher risk for PTSD. HCWs, especially females working in the disaster area, should be closely monitored, and more mental health services should be provided to ensure that HCWs receive the necessary support in the postdisaster period.
Face-to-face awake intubation in an upright position in severe maxillofacial trauma
Authors: Ayuningtyas Laurensia Vidya , Mutiar Airi , Airlangga Prananda Surya 
Published: May 2024

Abstract:
Maxillofacial injury may cause difficulty during airway assessment and management in the emergency setting. Alternative intubation positions and techniques should be considered to ensure patient safety. A 37-year-old male patient arrived at the emergency department with a degloving maxillofacial injury after a high-impact motor vehicle accident. Active bleeding from his wounds prevented him from lying supine and raised concerns of aspiration, requiring immediate securing of the airway. Since the patient was alert and cooperative, awake face-to-face intubation in the upright position was performed. Intubation was successful on the first attempt without any complications using a video laryngoscope with topical anesthesia sprayed intraorally. Awake intubation in the face-to-face upright position can be successful in a cooperative patient with severe maxillofacial trauma.
Application of Electrical Resistivity Sounding Method for Groundwater Exploration in Ugboshi-Afe, Akoko-Edo, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Salami S. A. , Babafemi E. M. , Ossai F. E. 
Published: May 2024

Schlumberger configuration of Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) was deplored for groundwater exploration in Ugboshi-Afe study location. A total of nine (9) vertical electrical sounding (VES) locations, spread across the community were occupied to gain insights on the hydrogeological settings within the area. Quantitative computer interpretation of the data yielded three to six geoelectrical layers. The geoelectrical interpretation models were geologically interpreted as: clayey sand/sandy topsoil with resistivity values ranging from 54 Ohm-m to 424 Ohm-m, this is underlain by a relatively high resistivity layer (228-868 Ohm-m) interpreted as lateritic sand, and below this the low resistivity (21.38 Ohm-m – 42.4 Ohm-m) interpreted as clay, then the fractured/weathered geoelectric layer (95Ohm-m to 385Ohm-m), while the fresh basement has resistivity greater than 400 Ohm-m. Several maps such as fractured window thickness map, isoresistivity map of the fractured interval, overburden map were generated to investigate trends that may hold prospects for groundwater exploitation. Furthermore, hydro-resistivity parameters such as Total Transverse Resistance, Total Longitudinal Conductance, Resistivity Reflection Co-efficient and Resistivity Contrast values were calculated for further screening of the study site for groundwater development. The VES1, VES2, VES6 and VES7 locations were concluded as holding prospects for groundwater potentials in the study area.