bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advanced Geoid Modeling in Sulawesi and Accuracy Verification Strategies for Accommodating Diverse MSL Vertical Datums
Authors: Shih Hsuan-Chang , Heliani Leni Sophia , Hsiao Yu-shen , Hwang Cheinway , Pahlevi Arisauna Maulidyan 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study aims to improve the accuracy of the geoid model in Sulawesi, which is crucial for converting GNSS-observed ellipsoid heights to orthometric heights. There are limitations of terrestrial gravity surveys in Indonesia due to its complex geography, so airborne gravity surveys were conducted from 2008 to 2019 through a collaboration between BIG, the Technical University of Denmark (DTU), and the National Chiao Tung University (NCTU) gravity research team. The airborne gravity data currently cover almost the entire land area of ​​Indonesia. The geoid modeling process involved refining the EGM08-derived geoid heights by incorporating downward-continued airborne gravity data and RTM-derived geoid effects and adjusting the geometric geoid heights to accommodate variations in the mean sea levels observed in different GPS/leveling datasets. The study revealed that airborne gravity data significantly improved the accuracy of the geoid, achieving an impressive accuracy of approximately 0.04 cm. Additionally, this study examined the impacts of different global gravitational models (GGMs), such as EIGEN-6C4, GECO, XGM2019e, and SGG-UGM-2, on geoid modeling and revealed that differences arise from the different datasets used in the development process of the GGM. The modeling approach significantly improves the accuracy of the geoid from decimeter-level accuracy to centimeter-level accuracy. Accurate geoids are critical for infrastructure development, land-use planning, and resource management and play an integral role in supporting sustainable development goals (SDGs) by providing accurate spatial referencing, ensuring precise mapping, and offering location-based services.
β-mannanase-supplemented diets reduced by 85 kcal of metabolizable energy/kg containing xylanase promotes benefits in fecal alpha diversity in lactating sows
Authors: Lima Janaína Paolucci Sales , Engelsing Eliane Fátima Rocha , Genova Jansller Luiz , Martinelli Gabriela Luiza , Trenkel Andressa Luana Gorzelanski , Bickel Amanda Gabriela , Tillmann Aline Carolina , Azevedo Liliana Bury , Careli Pedro Silva , Carvalho Silvana Teixeira , Kipper Marcos , Eyng Cinthia , Carvalho Paulo Levi Oliveira 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Enzyme-supplemented diets can influence the intestinal microbiome in an intricate interplay with the immune system. The effects of β-mannanase supplementation in metabolizable energy (ME)-reduced diets containing xylanase were investigated on cytokine profile and fecal microbiota in lactating sows (n = 60, 248.4 ± 2.4 kg) assigned in a randomized block design to 1 of 3 dietary treatments: a control diet containing xylanase (valorization of 40 kcal of ME/kg diet, CD40), CD40 + β-mannanase (0.3 g/kg, valorization of 45 kcal ME/kg diet, CD85), and CD40 + β-mannanase (0.3 g/kg, valorization of 60 kcal ME/kg diet, CD100). Serum cytokines concentrations were determined on day 18 of lactation. On day 21, fecal microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Sows on CD85 had higher alpha diversity richness than CD100 based on the Simpson index. Acutalibacteraceae family was more abundant in sows fed CD100 than CD85 but CAG-508 and NSJ_53 families exhibited higher abundance in sows fed CD85 than CD100. Fimenecus genus exhibited lower abundance in sows on CD85 compared to CD40 or CD100. In conclusion, a diet supplemented with β-mannanase reduced by 85 kcal/kg containing xylanase during lactation can inhibit harmful bacteria, leading to changes in fecal alpha diversity in sows.
Bose-Einstein condensation of an optical thermodynamic system into a solitonic state
Authors: Steinmeyer Günter , Zhang Jiaxuan , Fan Jintao , Mei Chao , Hu Minglie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in multimode fibers due to their intriguing physics and applications, with spatial beam self-cleaning (BSC) having received special attention. In BSC light condenses into the fundamental fiber mode at elevated intensities. Despite extensive efforts utilizing optical thermodynamics to explain such counterintuitive beam reshaping process, several challenges still remain in fully understanding underlying physics. Here we provide compelling experimental evidence that BSC in a dissipative dual-core fiber can be understood in full analogy to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in dilute gases. Being ruled by the identical Gross-Pitaevskii Equation, both systems feature a Townes soliton solution, for which we find further evidence by modal decomposition of our experimental data. Specifically, we observe that efficient BSC only sets in after an initial thermalization phase, causing converge towards a Townes beam profile once a threshold intensity has been surpassed. This process is akin to a transition from classical to quantum-mechanical thermodynamics in BEC. Furthermore, our analysis also identifies dissipative processes as a crucial, yet previously unidentified component for efficient BSC in multimode fiber. This discovery paves the way for unprecedented applications of multimode-fiber based systems in ultrafast lasers, communications, and fiber-based delivery of high-power laser beams.
Public Perceptions of Mineral Criticality and Preferences for Energy Transition Strategies in the US
Authors: Fikru Mahelet G , Koppera Sreeja 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

This study investigates public awareness and perceptions of critical minerals in the United States, using a nationally representative survey of 1,200 respondents. Results reveal that while familiarity with the term 'critical minerals' is relatively low (38%), there is a high level of awareness (over 80%) regarding the importance of minerals in clean energy technologies and the broader energy transition. When asked to provide an example of a mineral that needs attention at the national level, over one-fourth (N = 325) named lithium. Furthermore, survey respondents agreed with the need to give more attention to minerals used in high-tech and clean energy industries. When presented with alternative mineral strategies to shift from fossil to renewable energy sources successfully, the topmost preferred approaches were investing in mineral research and improving mining’s environmental impact, while domestic mining was the least preferred. Further analysis of survey responses using regressions reveals that people who perceive mineral criticality based on their importance for clean energy are likely to agree with multiple strategies while those who perceive criticality due to import dependency tend to agree with encouraging domestic mining. Meanwhile, individuals who believe that environmental impacts should govern criticality generally oppose domestic mining and support mineral recycling and improving mining’s environmental impacts. These results highlight how different perceptions of criticality can influence preferences for mineral strategies. The findings underscore the necessity of bridging any knowledge gaps and fostering public support for sustainable mineral extraction policies.
Pectus excavatum diagnosis redefined: A fully automatic tool for batch evaluation of chest computed tomography images
Authors: Fan Yu-Jiun , Ng Yuan , Tzeng I-Shiang , Hsu Yuan-Yu , Cheng Yeung-Leung , Zhou Jia-Hao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

We aimed to implement a fully automatic computed tomography (CT) image-detection programming algorithm as a pectus excavatum (PE) diagnostic tool, facilitating comprehensive chest wall deformity evaluation. We developed our algorithm using MATLAB®, leveraging the Hounsfield unit threshold and region growing methods. The MATLAB graphical user interface enables the direct use of our program. We validated the model using CT images of anthropomorphic phantoms. The measurement values obtained by our algorithm demonstrated very small difference compared to known anthropomorphic phantom model data. For algorithm testing, 17,214 chest CT images of 57 patients were processed by algorithm and reviewed independently by a radiologist and a thoracic surgeon. The measurements of transverse, anteroposterior, and sternum-to-vertebral distance of the thoracic cavity, and the calculation data of four indices exhibited high positive correlation (0.94 ~ 0.99); asymmetry index and maximum anteroposterior hemithorax distance exhibited moderate correlation (0.40 ~ 0.83). Our automatic PE diagnostic tool demonstrated high accuracy; four chest wall deformity indices were obtained simultaneously without any initial manual marking, which correlated with manual measurements.
High-rise CLT Building Dynamical Properties Analysis and Monitoring from Construction to Operating Phase
Authors: Janot Dorian , Florent Vieux-Champagne , Philippe Gueguen , Clement Boudaud , Axel Jung 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Driven by climate change and the quest for new low-carbon construction, there is an urgent need for full-scale, real-time observations in buildings to calibrate and validate behavior and design models. The science related to timber structure design could be improved by processing the vast amount of data on actual responses in real wooden buildings. One of the first tall (8-storey) timber buildings in France was equipped with four three components sensors for permanent instrumentation, from its construction phase through to operation, i.e., once the occupants had moved in. First, the modal analysis of the building was obtained using temporary network, then the modal parameters (frequency and damping) were monitored over several months to observe the dynamic response of this type of buildings. The results show a significant fluctuation in parameters as a function of increasing stiffness, but above all as a function of mass during the construction and moving in phases, due to the lightweight of this type of building compared with more conventional structures (e.g. reinforced concrete or masonry structures). Once the building was in full operation, significant variations appeared depending on weather conditions (temperature, humidity, wind speed), with high sensitivity to wind, especially for damping, revealed by the nonlinear elasticity response observed. Finally, the amplitude of the vibrations was compared with the ISO10137 standard for admissible mechanical vibration, thus validating the design and opening new perspectives for a longer monitoring phase.
One-step drug transport across two membranes of Gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Luisi Ben , Zhong Zhaojun , Maimaiti Tuerxunjiang , Gao Xueyan , Dong Rui , Jackson Matthew , Shang Wenyu , Jiang Hongnian , Guo Jinliang , Li Shangrong , Zhao Huimin , Ouyang Qing , Liu Huanjun , Chao Yanjie , Du Dijun 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Transport of proteins and small molecules across the complex cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria is crucial for their survival and interaction with their environment and is facilitated by specialized macromolecular machines that enable direct one-step or indirect two-step translocation of substrates. Major facilitator superfamily (MFS)-type tripartite efflux pumps and type I secretion systems likely employ a similar one-step mechanism for substrate transport across cell membranes, but the structural details remain elusive. A representative MFS-type tripartite efflux pump, EmrAB-TolC, mediates multidrug resistance through proton-coupled EmrB, a member of the DHA2 transporter family. Here, we demonstrate that the EmrAB-TolC pump confers resistance to clinical antibiotics, including polymyxin B and neomycin, and report the high-resolution (3.11 Å) structure of the pump, revealing a unique, asymmetric architecture emerging from the TolC:EmrA:EmrB ratio of 3:6:1. This structure identifies two critical subdomains, AssA and AssB, essential for pump assembly and key residues involved in pump assembly, drug recognition, proton translocation and coupling, which are corroborated by mutagenesis and antibiotic sensitivity assays. The delineation of the complete translocation pathway reveals the molecular mechanism for one-step drug transport process across the entire cell envelope.
Ethical and Respectful Engagement in Cervical Cancer Screening Research in Rural Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Lidya Genene , Wondimagegnehu Abigiya , Labban Laith A. , Teka Brhanu , Kaufmann Andreas M. , Abebe Tamrat , Kantelhardt Eva J. , Addissie Adamu , Gizaw Muluken 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Screenings for cervical cancer are rare in developing countries due to several barriers, the major being convenience and privacy. Thus, there was a need to conduct a study to identify ways to overcome barriers related to cervical screening participation. This rapid ethnographic assessment aimed to explore respectful and ethical engagement with research participants and their communities for a cluster randomized trial that compared different cervical cancer screening strategies at the community level in Ethiopia.
Methods
This study was conducted in three rural and one urban kebele (administrative unit) of Butajira, Southern Ethiopia, with purposively selected study participants. Two different interview guides were prepared to facilitate focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with community elders, religious leaders, women's representatives, and Ekub or Eder (traditional savings and support system) leaders. All the interviews and discussions were audio-recorded, and the interview guides covered topics related to research participation, decision-making, preferences, and cervical cancer screenings. QCAmap software was used for analysis. Qualitative content analysis was done, and selected quotes are presented to illustrate the themes.
Results
Some study participants believed women would be willing to participate in research that required self-sampling for HPV testing. Barriers identified were primigravids, fear of pain, and a lack of privacy. If involved in a study, it was assumed that women might expect to receive results, treatment, and education, among other incentives. Most agreed that the women could provide written consent, while few raised some concerns about providing a signature. The decision-makers for women to participate in the study were believed to be herself with her husband’s involvement. The participants preferred health posts for self-sampling and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) to be done by female health workers.
Conclusions
The results of this study emphasize the importance of understanding the perceptions of women regarding screening procedures. We also identified perceived barriers that would hinder women’s participation in research involving cervical cancer screenings, highlighting their expectations, consent, and the husband’s role.
Metabolite ratios in white and gray matter obtained with miltivoxel H-MRS in patients with cognitive impairment
Authors: Khomenko Yulia G. , Kataeva Galina V. , Bogdan Andrey A. , Chernysheva Elena M. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

It is wellknown that there are technical difficulties in assessing absolute metabolite concentrations from peak values during in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy. At the same time, in other neuroimaging methods, for example, positron emission tomography, relative evaluations are widely used, when a radiopharmaceutical accumulation in the region of interest is normalized to its accumulation in the reference area. In this study we used the same approach in multivoxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy and evaluated the metabolites ratios in gray and white matter. The ratios of N-acethylaspartate, creatine and choline in gray and white matter in supraventricular area were studied in patients with cognitive impairment and age-related healthy controls. The creatine ratios in white and gray matter differed significantly in the observed groups and correlated with the cognitive tests scores and cortex thickness. The obtained results show that for the correct interpretation of magnetic resonance spectroscopy data could be useful to evaluate not only traditional metabolites ratios, but also ratios of metabolite concentrations in white and gray matter.
A Multi-Scale Local Attention Mechanism for Aspect Extraction
Authors: Yang Qian , Zhu Jinsen , Du Hongyu , Xia Haoran , Shao Sisi , Wang Wentao , Yuan Chen , Ji Yimu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aspect extraction is a critical step in constructing knowledge graphs and involves extracting aspect information from unstructured text. Current methods typically employ attention-based techniques such as global or local attention mechanisms, each with significant limitations. Global mechanisms are prone to introducing noise, while local mechanisms face challenges in determining the optimal window size. To address these issues, we propose a novel aspect extraction approach utilizing a multi-scale local attention mechanism (MLA). This method leverages a pre-trained model to convert text into vector representations. Feature extraction is then performed with gated recurrent units, followed by representation learning at various window sizes through the MLA. Features are selected using max pooling and decoded by a fully connected neural network combined with a conditional random field to generate precise aspect labels. Experimental validation on the Zhejiang Cup e-commerce review mining dataset demonstrates that our proposed method outperforms existing models in aspect extraction performance.
Single-Iso-Multiple-Targets (SIMT) Radiosurgery Plan Quality Control via a Novel Deep Neural Network with Spherical Convolutions
Authors: Yang Zhenyu , Khazaieli Mercedeh , Vaios Eugene , Zhang Rihui , Zhao Jingtong , Mullikin Trey , Yang Albert , Yin Fang-Fang , Wang Chunhao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Accurate prediction of normal brain dosimetric parameters is crucial for the quality control of single-center multi-target (SIMT) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) treatment planning. Currently, the clinical SIMT SRS planning process suffer from unreliable estimations of normal brain doses, leading to frequent plan revisions that are both time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study aimed to develop a spherical coordinate-defined deep learning model to predict dose to normal brain for SIMT SRS treatment planning.
Methods
By encapsulating the human brain within a sphere, 3D volumetric data of PTVs can be projected onto this geometry as a 2D spherical representation (in azimuthal and polar angles). A novel deep learning model (SCNN) was developed based on spherical convolution to predict brain dosimetric evaluators from spherical representation. Utilizing 106 SIMT cases, the model was trained to predict brain V50%, V60%, and V66.7%, corresponding to V10Gy and V12Gy, as key dosimetric indicators. The model prediction performance was evaluated using the coefficient of fitting determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and mean percentage error (MPE).
Results
The SCNN accurately predicted normal brain dosimetric values from the modeled spherical PTV representation, with R2 scores of 0.92 ± 0.05/0.94 ± 0.10/0.93 ± 0.09 for V50%/V60%/V66.7%, respectively. MAEs values were 1.94 ± 1.61cc/1.23 ± 0.98cc/1.13 ± 0.99cc, and MPEs were 19.79 ± 20.36%/20.79 ± 21.07%/21.15 ± 22.24%, respectively.
Conclusions
The deep learning model provides treatment planners with accurate prediction of dose to normal brain, enabling improved consistency in treatment planning quality. This method can be extended to other brain-related analyses as an efficient data dimension reduction method.
Classifying physical activity levels using Mean Amplitude Deviation in adults using a chest worn accelerometer: validation of the Vivalink ECG Patch
Authors: Luckhurst Jim , Hughes Cara , Shelley Benjamin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background:
The development of readily available wearable accelerometers has enabled clinicians to objectively monitor physical activity (PA) remotely in the community, a superior alternative to patient self-reporting measures. Critical to the value of these monitors is the ability to reliably detect when patients are undergoing ambulatory activity. Previous studies have highlighted the strength of using mean amplitude deviation (MAD) as a universal measure for analysing raw accelerometery data and defining cut-points between sedentary and ambulatory activities. Currently however there is little evidence surrounding the use of chest-worn accelerometers which can provide simultaneous monitoring of other physiological parameters such as heart rate (HR), RR intervals, and Respiratory Rate alongside accelerometery data.
We aimed to calibrate the accelerometery function within the VivaLink ECG patch to determine the cut-point MAD value for differentiating sedentary and ambulatory activities.
Methods:
We recruited healthy volunteers to undergo a randomised series of 9 activities that simulate typical free-living behaviours, while wearing a VivaLink ECG Patch (Campbell, California). MAD values were applied to a Generalised Linear Mixed Model to determine cut-points between sedentary and ambulatory activities. We constructed a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve to analyse the sensitivity and specificity of the cut-off MAD value.
Results:
Eighteen healthy adults volunteered to the study and mean MAD values were collected for each activity. The optimal MAD cut-point between sedentary and ambulatory activities was 47.73mG. ROC curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.99 (p<0.001) for this value with a sensitivity and specificity of 98% and 100% respectively.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the MAD cut-point determined in our study is very effective at categorising sedentary and ambulatory activities among healthy adults and may be of use in monitoring PA in the community with minimal burden. It will also be useful for future studies aiming to simultaneously monitor PA with other physiological parameters via chest worn accelerometers.
Avocado consumption during pregnancy is associated with child's lower food allergy risk in the prospective KuBiCo study
Authors: Cheng Feon W. , Bauer Ella , Ford Nikki A. , Backman Katri , Voutilainen Raimo , Pasanen Markku , Keski-Nisula Leea , Hantunen Sari 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
Maternal exposures (e.g., nutrition) during pregnancy play a critical role in offspring's health outcomes. Certain nutrients found in avocados have been associated with lower allergic health outcomes in children when consumed during pregnancy, but no study has examined this association. Thus, this study aimed to investigate how maternal avocado consumption during pregnancy relates to offspring allergic health outcomes using the Kuopio Birth Cohort (KuBiCo) Study.
Methods
This prospective cohort study used data from KuBiCo. Avocado consumption was assessed using an online food frequency questionnaire in trimesters (T) 1 and 3. Avocado consumers were defined as participants who reported consuming any avocado (> 0 grams) in T1 and/or 3, and avocado non-consumers were defined as those who didn’t report consuming any avocado (0 grams) in both T1 and 3. The 12-month follow-up questionnaire captured offspring allergic outcomes (rhinitis, paroxysmal wheezing, atopic eczema, and food allergy).
Results
Of 4,647 participants, 2,272 met the criteria and were included in the analysis. Compared to avocado non-consumers (during pregnancy), avocado consumers (during pregnancy) had 43.6% lower odds of reporting food allergy among their children at the 12-month follow-up questionnaire while adjusted for relevant covariates. No significant associations were noted in the other three allergic health outcomes in the fully adjusted model.
Conclusions
Avocado consumption during pregnancy was associated with lower odds of infant food allergies at 12 months, even when accounting for potential covariates.