bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alcohol septal ablation for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: do mitral valve leaflet length, septal thickness, or sex affect the outcome?
Authors: Mustafic Mesud , Jandér Rebecka , Marlevi David , Rickenlund Anette , Rück Andreas , Saleh Nawzad , Abdi Sam , Eriksson Maria J. , Damlin Anna 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis retrospective cohort study aimed to assess whether basal septal wall thickness (BSWT), anterior (AML) and posterior (PML) mitral leaflet length, or sex were associated with remaining left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) undergoing alcohol septal ablation (ASA). One hundred fifty-four patients who underwent ASA at the Karolinska University Hospital in Stockholm, Sweden, between 2009 and 2021, were included retrospectively. Anatomical and hemodynamic parameters were collected from invasive catheterization before and during ASA, and from echocardiography (ECHO) examinations before, during, and at 1-year follow-up after ASA. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the association between sex, BSWT, AML, PML, and outcome, which was defined as the remaining LVOTO (≥ 30 mmHg) after ASA. The median follow-up was 364 days (interquartile range 334–385 days). BSWT ≥ 23 mm (n = 13, 12%) was associated with remaining LVOTO at follow-up (p = 0.004). Elongated mitral valve leaflet length (either AML or PML) was present in 125 (90%) patients. Elongated AML (> 24 mm) was present in 67 (44%) patients, although AML length was not associated with remaining LVOTO at follow-up. Elongated PML (> 14 mm) was present in 114 (74%) patients and was not associated with remaining LVOTO at follow-up. No significant sex differences were observed regarding the remaining LVOTO. ECHO measurement of BSWT can be effectively used to select patients for successful ASA and identify those patients with a risk of incomplete resolution of LVOTO after ASA.
Graphical abstract
Methodology for the assessment of the friction torque of ball slewing bearings considering preload scatter
Authors: Escanciano Iñigo , Heras Iker , Schleich Florian , Aguirrebeitia Josu 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis manuscript presents an innovative methodology for the assessment of the friction torque of ball slewing bearings. The methodology aims to overcome the limitations of state-of-the-art approaches, especially when the friction torque is conditioned by the preload of the balls. To this end, the authors propose to simulate the preload scatter when solving the load distribution problem, prior to the friction torque calculation. This preload scatter allows to simulate a progressive transition of the balls from a four-point contact state to a two-point contact one. By implementing this capability into an analytical model, the authors achieve a successful correlation with experimental results. Nonetheless, depending on the stiffness of the structures to which the bearing is assembled, it is demonstrated that the rigid ring assumption can lead to inaccurate friction torque results when a tilting moment is applied. The methodology described in this research work is meant to have a practical application. Therefore, the manuscript provides guidelines about how to use and tune the analytical model to get a reliable friction torque prediction tool.
Black Americans’ Diminished Health Returns of Professional Occupations: A Thirty-Year Follow-Up Study of Middle-Aged and Older Adults
Authors: Assari Shervin 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Occupational classes exert substantial effects on both subjective and objective health outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether the health impact of similar occupational classes varies across racial groups among middle-aged and older adults in the United States.

Aim
Grounded in the theory of Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs), which posits that health benefits from resources such as employment are systematically weaker for racial minority populations, particularly Non-Latino Black individuals, this study tested Black-White disparities in the effects of similar occupational classes on health outcomes in middle-aged and older adults.

Methods
Utilizing data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), we employed a 30-year longitudinal design with a nationally representative sample of middle-aged and older adults in the United States. Six occupational classes—operator, managerial, professional specialty, sales, clerical/admin, and service—served as the key predictor variables (independent variables), with race as the moderator. Various health outcomes, including self-rated health, chronic disease, body mass index (BMI), activities of daily living (ADL), and cognitive function, were measured longitudinally from wave 1 to wave 15 (from baseline to 30 years later). Statistical analyses, incorporating logistic regression models, were conducted to assess associations between occupational class and health outcomes overall and based on race.

Results
Our analysis included 7538 Non-Latino White or Non-Latino Black participants followed for up to 30 years. Initial findings revealed positive health effects of professional occupations on cognitive function and self-rated health over 30 years of follow-uWe also identified significant interactions between race and professional occupational class on all health outcomes, indicating notable racial differences in the effects of professional occupations on health outcomes across domains. The effects of professional occupational class were weaker for Non-Latino Black individuals than for Non-Latino White individuals.

Conclusion
Consistent with the Minorities’ Diminished Returns theory, our findings indicated less pronounced positive effects of professional occupations on a wide range of health outcomes for Non-Latino Black individuals compared to Non-Latino Whites. These disparities emphasize the critical need to address structural factors that contribute to the diminished returns of prestigious occupations for Non-Latino Black populations.
A Convolution Neural Network with Skip Connections (CNNSC) approach for detecting micronutrients boron and iron deficiency in banana leaves
Authors: Sunitha P. , Uma B. , Geetha Kiran A. , Channakeshava S. , Suresh Babu C. S. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBanana plants require a precise balance of 16 essential nutrients to flourish, with micronutrients playing a pivotal role in smaller proportions than macronutrients. Insufficient micronutrient provision in Banana plants can impede growth, hinder flowering, and diminish fruit production. Precise identification of deficiencies is imperative for farmers aiming to cultivate nutrient-dense crops and enhance their yields. Micronutrients such as Boron contribute to hormone regulation, while Iron facilitates enzyme function, DNA synthesis, and overall metabolic processes in plants. Observable manifestations of Boron and Iron deficiencies on banana leaves are crucial indicators necessitating intervention. The present work proposes a novel deep learning methodology, employing a CNN model with Skip Connections (CNNSC), to detect Boron and Iron deficiencies in banana foliage. The CNNSC model, featuring thirteen layers, surpasses established architectures like VGG16, DenseNet, and Inception V3. Training the model on a specialized curated dataset comprising 11,000 nutrient-deficient images, with a split of 70% for training and 30% for testing, has yielded promising outcomes. Key performance metrics, encompassing accuracy, loss, precision, F1-score, recall, and the confusion matrix underscore the efficacy of the model, achieving an impressive accuracy rate of approximately 95%.
Identifying player skill of dota 2 using machine learning pipeline
Authors: Pengmatchaya Methasit , Natwichai Juggapong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe esports industry is one of the prominent business sectors in the digital era, particularly, Multiplayer Online Battle Arena (MOBA) games which gain much attention from gamers and streaming audiences. Among such games, Defense of the Ancient 2 or Dota 2 is the record holder for the highest prize esports tournament. Therefore, various companies and investors start their esports teams to compete in the Dota 2 tournaments, the Internationals. To success in the competition, player recruitment is a crucial process as it usually takes considerable effort to find a skillful player. Watching the game replay to evaluate the player’s skill is one of the approaches. However, it can be too exhaustive, also some player’s ranking, which represent the player’s skill, are often not available. In this paper, we propose an effective machine learning pipeline to evaluate the player’s skill. Our designed pipeline includes data collection, feature engineering, and machine learning modeling. We show the data collection process using open-source API. An effective method for feature engineering is proposed. Features, e.g., end-game, or tactical decision related statistics, are incorporated along with the resource in the game distribution, harassment tactic, or spatiotemporal features, in order to provide effective models. Subsequently, we apply major machine learning models based on a single game data, i.e., logistic regression and random forest, to the processed data. The most effective model can achieve up to 0.7091 precision, 0.5850 recall, 0.6411 F1-score, and 0.8123 ROC AUC score.
Computer Interactive Gesture Recognition Model Based on Improved YOLOv5 Algorithm
Authors: Yu Chunling 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe expansion of virtual and augmented reality, intelligent assistance technology, and other fields has led to an increased demand for human–computer interaction methods that are more natural and intuitive. Gesture recognition has become an important research direction. Traditional gesture recognition methods are mainly based on image processing and pattern recognition techniques. However, there are certain challenges to its accuracy and robustness in complex backgrounds. In addition, the temporal correlation and spatial information in gesture sequences have not been fully utilized, which limits the performance of gesture recognition systems. In response to the above issues, this study first utilizes the Ghost module for feature extraction based on the You Only Look Once version 5 (YOLOv5) algorithm. Then drawing inspiration from the idea of densely connected networks, feature map stitching is carried out, and a human–machine interactive gesture recognition algorithm is designed by combining it with a hybrid attention mechanism. The experimental results showed that the average accuracy of the algorithm tended to converge after 160 iterations, and the final MAP value converged to 92.19%. Compared to the standard YOLOv5 algorithm, its iteration speed had been improved by 12.5%, and the MAP value had been improved by 4.63%. The designed human–computer interaction gesture recognition algorithm has higher accuracy and smaller error, and has certain application potential in the field of machine vision.
Uniform syndeticity in multiple recurrence
Authors: JAMNESHAN ASGAR , PAN MINGHAO 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe main theorem of this paper establishes a uniform syndeticity result concerning the multiple recurrence of measure-preserving actions on probability spaces. More precisely, for any integers
$d,l\geq 1$
and any
$\varepsilon> 0$
, we prove the existence of
$\delta>0$
and
$K\geq 1$
(dependent only on d, l, and
$\varepsilon $
) such that the following holds: Consider a solvable group
$\Gamma $
of derived length l, a probability space
$(X, \mu )$
, and d pairwise commuting measure-preserving
$\Gamma $
-actions
$T_1, \ldots , T_d$
on
$(X, \mu )$
. Let E be a measurable set in X with
$\mu (E) \geq \varepsilon $
. Then, K many (left) translates of
$$ \begin{align*} \big\{\gamma\in\Gamma\colon \mu(T_1^{\gamma^{-1}}(E)\cap T_2^{\gamma^{-1}} \circ T^{\gamma^{-1}}_1(E)\cap \cdots \cap T^{\gamma^{-1}}_d\circ T^{\gamma^{-1}}_{d-1}\circ \cdots \circ T^{\gamma^{-1}}_1(E))\geq \delta \big\} \end{align*} $$
cover
$\Gamma $
. This result extends and refines uniformity results by Furstenberg and Katznelson. As a combinatorial application, we obtain the following uniformity result. For any integers
$d,l\geq 1$
and any
$\varepsilon> 0$
, there are
$\delta>0$
and
$K\geq 1$
(dependent only on d, l, and
$\varepsilon $
) such that for all finite solvable groups G of derived length l and any subset
$E\subset G^d$
with
$m^{\otimes d}(E)\geq \varepsilon $
(where m is the uniform measure on G), we have that K-many (left) translates of
$$ \begin{align*} \{g\in G\colon &m^{\otimes d}(\{(a_1,\ldots,a_n)\in G^d\colon \\ & (a_1,\ldots,a_n),(ga_1,a_2,\ldots,a_n),\ldots,(ga_1,ga_2,\ldots, ga_n)\in E\})\geq \delta \} \end{align*} $$
cover G. The proof of our main result is a consequence of an ultralimit version of Austin’s amenable ergodic Szeméredi theorem.
Impact of soil type and harvest season on the ratooning ability of sugarcane varieties
Authors: Dlamini Njabulo Eugene , Franke Angelinus C. , Zhou Marvellous 
Published: May 2024

Summary
Sugarcane varieties differ in their ratooning ability (RA), and it is hypothesized that soil types and harvest seasons impact varieties’ RA. However, the effects of these factors on varieties’ RA remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the RA of different commercial sugarcane varieties (NCo376, N19, N23, N25, and N36), and establish the effects of soils and seasons on ratoon yields of these varieties in Eswatini. Fifteen years data on tons cane per ha per annum (TCHA) and tons sucrose per ha per annum (TSHA) achieved by plant cane and seven ratoon crops were collected from four commercial growers and analysed using linear regression models. The varieties significantly differed in RA. Variety N25, which had the highest plant cane yields (121.3 TCHA and 16.7 TSHA), had the sharpest yield decline over ratoon crops (–2.74 TCHA and −0.33 TSHA), suggesting that this variety is more suitable for short crop cycles. Variety N36 had second highest plant cane yields (111.7 TCHA and 16.4 TSHA) and a lower ratoon yield decline (–1.38 TCHA and −0.16 TSHA) than N25, suggesting that it is suitable for longer ratoon crop cycles. While soil type and harvest season significantly affected the relative yields of varieties, they did not significantly impact their RA, indicating that differences in varieties’ RA were driven by genotype and were relatively stable across environments. This suggests that tests to assess the adaptability of varieties should be conducted in multiple environments, while testing the RA of varieties may be conducted in fewer environments.
Conceptualising the relationships between food sovereignty, food security and oral health among global Indigenous Communities: a scoping review
Authors: Poirier Brianna Faye , Soares Gustavo , Neufeld Hannah Tait , Hedges Joanne , Sethi Sneha , Jamieson Lisa 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Objective:
Invasive colonial influences and continuing neoliberal policies have a detrimental impact on Land, health, food and culture for Indigenous Communities. Food security and sovereignty have significant impacts on Indigenous well-being and, specifically, oral health. Aspects relating to food security, such as availability of nutritious foods, are a common risk factor of oral diseases. This scoping review aimed to collate existing evidence regarding the relationship between food sovereignty and/or food security and oral health for Indigenous Communities, globally.

Design:
Four databases were searched using keywords related to ‘Food security’ or ‘Food sovereignty,’ ‘Indigenous Peoples’ and ‘Oral health.’ Duplicates were removed, and two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts to identify articles for full-text review. Extracted data were summarised narratively, presenting a conceptual model which illustrates the findings and relationships between food security and/or food sovereignty and oral health.

Results:
The search identified 369 articles, with forty-one suitable for full-text review and a final nine that met inclusion criteria. The impact of food security and food sovereignty on oral health was discussed across different populations and sample sizes, ranging from eighteen Kichwa families in Brazil to 533 First Nations and Metis households in Canada. Pathways of influence between food sovereignty and/or food security are explored clinically, quantitatively and qualitatively across oral health outcomes, including early childhood caries, dental caries and oral health-related quality of life for Indigenous Communities.

Conclusions:
Innovative strategies underpinned by concepts of Indigenous food sovereignty are needed to promote oral health equity for Indigenous Communities. The nexus between oral health and Indigenous food sovereignty remains largely unexplored, but has immense potential for empowering Indigenous rights to self-determination of health that honour Indigenous ways of knowing, being and doing.
Trans-activating mutations of the pseudokinase ERBB3
Authors: Koivu Marika K. A. , Chakroborty Deepankar , Airenne Tomi T. , Johnson Mark S. , Kurppa Kari J. , Elenius Klaus 
Published: May 2024

AbstractGenetic changes in the ERBB family of receptor tyrosine kinases serve as oncogenic driver events and predictive biomarkers for ERBB inhibitor drugs. ERBB3 is a pseudokinase member of the family that, although lacking a fully active kinase domain, is well known for its potent signaling activity as a heterodimeric complex with ERBB2. Previous studies have identified few transforming ERBB3 mutations while the great majority of the hundreds of different somatic ERBB3 variants observed in different cancer types remain of unknown significance. Here, we describe an unbiased functional genetics screen of the transforming potential of thousands of ERBB3 mutations in parallel. The screen based on a previously described iSCREAM (in vitro screen of activating mutations) platform, and addressing ERBB3 pseudokinase signaling in a context of ERBB3/ERBB2 heterodimers, identified 18 hit mutations. Validation experiments in Ba/F3, NIH 3T3, and MCF10A cell backgrounds demonstrated the presence of both previously known and unknown transforming ERBB3 missense mutations functioning either as single variants or in cis as a pairwise combination. Drug sensitivity assays with trastuzumab, pertuzumab and neratinib indicated actionability of the transforming ERBB3 variants.
HSP70-mediated mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy represent a novel vulnerability in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Ferretti Giulia D. S. , Quaas Colleen E. , Bertolini Irene , Zuccotti Alessandro , Saatci Ozge , Kashatus Jennifer A. , Sharmin Salma , Lu David Y. , Poli Adi Narayana Reddy , Quesnelle Abigail F. , Rodriguez-Blanco Jezabel , de Cubas Aguirre A. , Hobbs G. Aaron , Liu Qin , O’Bryan John P. , Salvino Joseph M. , Kashatus David F. , Sahin Ozgur , Barnoud Thibaut 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most prevalent type of pancreatic cancer, is one of the deadliest forms of cancer with limited therapy options. Overexpression of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is a hallmark of cancer that is strongly associated with aggressive disease and worse clinical outcomes. However, the underlying mechanisms by which HSP70 allows tumor cells to thrive under conditions of continuous stress have not been fully described. Here, we report that PDAC has the highest expression of HSP70 relative to normal tissue across all cancers analyzed. Furthermore, HSP70 expression is associated with tumor grade and is further enhanced in metastatic PDAC. We show that genetic or therapeutic ablation of HSP70 alters mitochondrial subcellular localization, impairs mitochondrial dynamics, and promotes mitochondrial swelling to induce apoptosis. Mechanistically, we find that targeting HSP70 suppresses the PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) mediated phosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1). Treatment with the HSP70 inhibitor AP-4-139B was efficacious as a single agent in primary and metastatic mouse models of PDAC. In addition, we demonstrate that HSP70 inhibition promotes the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediated phosphorylation of Beclin-1, a key regulator of autophagic flux. Accordingly, we find that the autophagy inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) enhances the ability of AP-4-139B to mediate anti-tumor activity in vivo. Collectively, our results suggest that HSP70 is a multi-functional driver of tumorigenesis that orchestrates mitochondrial dynamics and autophagy. Moreover, these findings support the rationale for concurrent inhibition of HSP70 and autophagy as a novel therapeutic approach for HSP70-driven PDAC.
Utilization of automated cilia analysis to characterize novel INPP5E variants in patients with non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa
Authors: Whiting Kae R. , Haer-Wigman Lonneke , Florijn Ralph J. , van Beek Ronald , Oud Machteld M. , Plomp Astrid S. , Boon Camiel J. F. , Kroes Hester Y. , Roepman Ronald 
Published: May 2024

AbstractINPP5E encodes inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase E, an enzyme involved in regulating the phosphatidylinositol (PIP) makeup of the primary cilium membrane. Pathogenic variants in INPP5E hence cause a variety of ciliopathies: genetic disorders caused by dysfunctional cilia. While the majority of these disorders are syndromic, such as the neuronal ciliopathy Joubert syndrome, in some cases patients will present with an isolated phenotype—most commonly non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Here, we report two novel variants in INPP5E identified in two patients with non-syndromic RP: patient 1 with compound heterozygous variants (c.1516C > T, p.(Q506*), and c.847G > A, p.(A283T)) and patient 2 with a homozygous variant (c.1073C > T, p.(P358L)). To determine whether these variants were causative for the phenotype in the patients, automated ciliary phenotyping of patient-derived dermal fibroblasts was performed for percent ciliation, cilium length, retrograde IFT trafficking, and INPP5E localization. In both patients, a decrease in ciliary length and loss of INPP5E localization in the primary cilia were seen. With these molecular findings, we can confirm functionally that the novel variants in INPP5E are causative for the RP phenotypes seen in both patients. Additionally, this study demonstrates the usefulness of utilizing ciliary phenotyping as an assistant in ciliopathy diagnosis and phenotyping.