bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen of Melanoma) Is a Novel Marker for Differentiating Serous Carcinoma From Malignant Mesothelioma
Authors: Brenne Kjersti , Nymoen Dag André , Reich Reuven , Davidson Ben 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
The PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen of melanoma) gene was previously shown to be overexpressed in ovarian/primary peritoneal serous carcinoma compared with malignant mesothelioma using gene expression arrays. The objective of this study was to validate this finding at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of 126 müllerian carcinomas and 23 malignant mesotheliomas showed significantly higher PRAME mRNA expression in the former tumor (P &lt; .001; test sensitivity and specificity, 89% and 91%, respectively). PRAME protein was expressed in 41 of 50 müllerian carcinomas and 0 of 30 mesotheliomas using Western blotting (P &lt; .001; test sensitivity and specificity, 82% and 100%, respectively). PRAME levels in müllerian carcinoma were unrelated to survival; however, PRAME protein expression was up-regulated in solid metastases compared with primary carcinoma and effusions (P &lt; .001). Our data confirm that PRAME effectively differentiates müllerian carcinoma from malignant mesothelioma at the mRNA and protein levels, suggesting a role in the diagnostic workup of serosal cancers.
Maternal Asthma Medication Use and the Risk of Selected Birth Defects
Authors: Lin Shao , Munsie Jean Pierre W. , Herdt-Losavio Michele L. , Druschel Charlotte M. , Campbell Kimberly , Browne Marilyn L. , Romitti Paul A. , Olney Richard S. , Bell Erin M. ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: January 2012

OBJECTIVES:Approximately 4% to 12% of pregnant women have asthma; few studies have examined the effects of maternal asthma medication use on birth defects. We examined whether maternal asthma medication use during early pregnancy increased the risk of selected birth defects.METHODS:National Birth Defects Prevention Study data for 2853 infants with 1 or more selected birth defects (diaphragmatic hernia, esophageal atresia, small intestinal atresia, anorectal atresia, neural tube defects, omphalocele, or limb deficiencies) and 6726 unaffected control infants delivered from October 1997 through December 2005 were analyzed. Mothers of cases and controls provided telephone interviews of medication use and additional potential risk factors. Exposure was defined as maternal periconceptional (1 month prior through the third month of pregnancy) asthma medication use (bronchodilator or anti-inflammatory). Associations between maternal periconceptional asthma medication use and individual major birth defects were estimated by using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).RESULTS:No statistically significant associations were observed for maternal periconceptional asthma medication use and most defects studied; however, positive associations were observed between maternal asthma medication use and isolated esophageal atresia (bronchodilator use: aOR = 2.39, 95%CI = 1.23, 4.66), isolated anorectal atresia (anti-inflammatory use: aOR = 2.12, 95%CI = 1.09, 4.12), and omphalocele (bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory use: aOR = 4.13, 95%CI = 1.43, 11.95).CONCLUSIONS:Positive associations were observed for anorectal atresia, esophageal atresia, and omphalocele and maternal periconceptional asthma medication use, but not for other defects studied. It is possible that observed associations may be chance findings or may be a result of maternal asthma severity and related hypoxia rather than medication use.
Public Attitudes Regarding the Use of Residual Newborn Screening Specimens for Research
Authors: Botkin Jeffrey R. , Rothwell Erin , Anderson Rebecca , Stark Louisa , Goldenberg Aaron , Lewis Michelle , Burbank Matthew , Wong Bob 
Published: January 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Many state newborn screening (NBS) programs retain residual NBS bloodspots after the completion of screening. Potential uses for residual specimens include laboratory quality assurance, biomedical research, and, rarely, forensic applications. Our objective was to evaluate public opinion about the policies and practices relevant to the retention and use of residual bloodspots for biomedical research.

METHODS:
A total of 3855 respondents were recruited using 3 methods: focus groups (n = 157), paper or telephone surveys (n = 1418), and a Knowledge Networks panel (n = 2280). Some participants (n = 1769) viewed a 22-minute movie about the retention and use of residual specimens while other participants were provided only written information about this practice. All participants were surveyed using a 38-item questionnaire.

RESULTS:
A diverse set of participants was recruited. Respondents were very supportive of NBS in general and accepting of the use of residual bloodspots for important research activities. Respondents were evenly divided on the acceptability of NBS without parental permission, but the majority of respondents supported the use of an “opt-in” process for parental permission for residual bloodspot retention and use. Viewing the educational movie was associated with greater support for bloodspot retention and use.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results show that the general public surveyed here was supportive of NBS and residual sample retention and research use. However, there was a clear preference for an informed permission process for parents regarding these activities. Education about NBS was associated with a higher level of support and may be important to maintain public trust in these important programs.
Enhancing Accurate Identification of Food Insecurity Using Quality-Improvement Techniques
Authors: Burkhardt Mary Carol , Beck Andrew F. , Conway Patrick H. , Kahn Robert S. , Klein Melissa D. 
Published: January 2012

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Infants who live in households experiencing food insecurity are at risk for negative health and developmental outcomes. Despite large numbers of households within our population experiencing food insecurity, identification of household food insecurity during standard clinical care is rare. The objective of this study was to use quality-improvement methods to increase identification of household food insecurity by the second-year pediatric residents working in the Pediatric Primary Care Center from 1.9% to 15.0% within 6 months. A secondary aim was to increase the proportion of second-year pediatric residents identifying food insecurity.

METHODS:
A team was formed to identify key drivers thought to be critical to the process of identifying food insecurity during well-child care. This project addressed 5 key drivers and tested interventions based on these drivers over a 6-month period at a hospital-based primary care site that serves ∼15 000 children from underserved neighborhoods. Tests included implementing an evidence-based electronic screen for food insecurity, educational interventions to improve understanding of food insecurity, empowerment exercises targeting clinicians and families, and gaining buy-in and support from ancillary personnel.

RESULTS:
Implementation of these changes led to an increase in the identification rate of household food insecurity from 1.9% to 11.2% over the 6 months (P &lt; .01). The proportion of residents identifying food insecurity increased from 37.5% to 91.9% (P &lt; .01).

CONCLUSIONS:
Application of quality-improvement methods in a primary care clinic increased ability to effectively screen and positively identify households with food insecurity in this population.
Association of Returning to Work With Better Health in Working-Aged Adults: A Systematic Review
Authors: Rueda Sergio , Chambers Lori , Wilson Mike , Mustard Cameron , Rourke Sean B. , Bayoumi Ahmed , Raboud Janet , Lavis John 
Published: January 2012

Objectives. We systematically reviewed the literature on the impact of returning to work on health among working-aged adults. Methods. We searched 6 electronic databases in 2005. We selected longitudinal studies that documented a transition from unemployment to employment and included a comparison group. Two reviewers independently appraised the retrieved literature for potential relevance and methodological quality. Results. Eighteen studies met our inclusion criteria, including 1 randomized controlled trial. Fifteen studies revealed a beneficial effect of returning to work on health, either demonstrating a significant improvement in health after reemployment or a significant decline in health attributed to continued unemployment. We also found evidence for health selection, suggesting that poor health interferes with people’s ability to go back to work. Some evidence suggested that earlier reemployment may be associated with better health. Conclusions. Beneficial health effects of returning to work have been documented in a variety of populations, times, and settings. Return-to-work programs may improve not only financial situations but also health.
Exploring Accounting Doctoral Program Decline: Variation and the Search for Antecedents
Authors: Fogarty Timothy J. , Holder Anthony D. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT
The inadequate supply of new terminally qualified accounting faculty poses a great concern for many accounting faculty and administrators. Although the general downward trajectory has been well observed, more specific information would offer potential insights about causes and continuation. This paper examines change in accounting doctoral student production in the U.S. since 1989 through the use of five-year moving averages. Aggregated on this basis, the downward movement predominates, notwithstanding the schools that began new programs or increased doctoral student production during this time. The results show that larger declines occurred for middle prestige schools, for larger universities, and for public schools. Schools that periodically successfully compete in M.B.A. program rankings also more likely have diminished the size of their accounting Ph.D. programs. Despite a recent increase in graduations, data on the population of current doctoral students suggest the continuation of the problems associated with the supply and demand imbalance that exists in this sector of the U.S. academy.
Choosing GLP-1 Receptor Agonists or DPP-4 Inhibitors: Weighing the Clinical Trial Evidence
Authors: Reid Timothy 
Published: January 2012

IN BRIEF
Comparative trials show that there are important differences between and among the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors with respect to glycemic lowering, weight effects, and effects on systolic blood pressure and the lipid profile. Nausea, diarrhea, headaches, and dizziness are common with both of the available GLP-1 receptor agonists. Upper respiratory tract infections, nasopharyngitis, and headaches are common with the DPP-4 inhibitors. Ongoing safety evaluations should provide a clear picture regarding long-term safety.
Scientific Calculators and the Skill of Efficient Computation
Authors: Yasin Mohd Yusuf 
Published: January 2012

Calculators are part and parcel of modern education. Involvement of science and engineering in different fields of knowledge is increasing with each bit of time is passed by, and they are playing a role in description and characterization of the delicate phenomena of nature arising day by day. These fields of knowledge and mathematics in particular, are influencing even those distant branches of knowledge, which were so far imagined to be free of mathematics. Even art is not free of mathematics and there exists mathematical art. Computations are getting lengthy and complex specially in design and analysis of engineering systems. Scientific calculators are handy tools. But an efficient computation is a skill that can be developed.Keywords: scientific calculators; calculator techniques; efficient computation; efficient use of calculators, computation skills; numerical techniquesDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.4702 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 31-36
Experimental investigation on anisotropic surface properties of crystalline silicon
Authors: Lamichhane Shobha Kanta 
Published: January 2012

Anisotropic etching of silicon has been studied by wet potassium hydroxide (KOH) etchant with its variation of temperature and concentration. Results presented here are temperature dependent etch rate along the crystallographic orientations. The etching rate of the (111) surface family is of prime importance for microfabrication. However, the experimental values of the corresponding etch rate are often scattered and the etching mechanism of (111) remains unclear. Etching and activation energy are found to be consistently favorable with the thermal agitation for a given crystal plane. Study demonstrate that the contribution of microscopic activation energy that effectively controls the etching process. Such a strong anisotropy in KOH allows us a precious control of lateral dimensions of the silicon microstructure.Keywords: microfabrication; activation energy; concentration; anisotropy; crystal planeDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.4828 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 59-66
A comparative study of Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) and Free Energy of Micellization of cationic surfactant and anionic surfactant in different composition of methanol-water mixed solvent media by conductometric method at 308.15 K
Authors: Shah Sujit Kumar , Niraula Tulsi Prasad , Bhattarai Ajaya , Chattarjee Sujit Kumar 
Published: January 2012

Precise measurements on the specific conductivity of cationic surfactant (Dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) and anionic surfactant (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate) in methanol water mixed solvent media containing 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 volume fractions of methanol are reported at 308.15 K. Specific conductivities of Dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate increase with increase in concentration and decrease with increase in the volume fractions of methanol. Critical micelle concentration (cmc) increases with increase in volume fraction of methanol in case of both surfactants. Free energy of micellization (ΔGºm) has been calculated. Increase in cmc with increase in volume fractions of methanol has been explained in terms of breaking of structure of water due to co-solvent effect.Keywords: Critical micelle concentration; methanol-water mixed solvent media; Specific conductivity; Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide; Sodiumdodecyl SulphateDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.4883 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 37-45
Photo and electroluminescence of porous silicon layers
Authors: Haji-Ali E 
Published: January 2012

Porous silicon layers were prepared by both chemical and electrochemical methods on n- and ptype Si substrates. In the former technique, light emission was obtained from p-type and n-type samples. It was found that intense light illumination during the preparation process was essential for PSi formation on n-type substrates.An efficient electrochemical cell with some useful features was designed for electrochemical etching of silicon. Various preparation parameters were studied and photoluminescence emissions ranging from dark red to light blue were obtained from PSi samples prepared on p-type substrates. N-type samples produced emissions ranging from dark red to orange-yellow. Electroluminescence of porous silicon samples showed that the color of the emission was the same as the photoluminescence color of the sample, and its intensity and duration depended on the current density passed through the sample. The effects of exposure of samples to air, storage in vacuum, and heat-treatment in air on luminescence intensity of the samples and preparation of patterned porous layers were also studied.Keywords: Porous silicon layers; photoluminescence; electroluminescenceDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.4897 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 46-52
Molecular characterization of yohimbine hydrochloride using vibrational spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Joshi Bhawani Datt , Tandon Poonam , Jain Sudha 
Published: January 2012

In this work, we have performed the extraction of yohimbine hydrochloride (C21H27ClN2O3) (YHCl). The optimized geometry, total energy, potential energy surface and vibrational wavenumbers of YHCl have been determined by using ab initio Hartree–Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The calculated wavenumbers are scaled by a proper scaling factor. A selected number of vibrational assignments are provided for the observed Raman and IR spectra. Keywords: YHCl; vibrational spectroscopy; ESP; ab initio and DFT calculationsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.4923 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 73-80
Acoustoelectric effect in semiconductor superlattice
Authors: Alok Ujjwal , Kumar Manoj , Singh BK , Kumar Praveen 
Published: January 2012

Acoustoelectric effect in semiconductor superlattice (SL) in the region ql >>1 has been studied. The equation of motion of the lattice has been transformed into a simple form which becomes identical with the dynamic equation for the wave amplitude in the theory of plasma turbulence. A dispersion relation has been derived from the acoustoelectric current J on the constant electric field E. It is noted that when the electric field is negative the current J rises, reaches a peak and falls off. On the other hand, when the electric field is positive the current decreases, reaches a peak and then rises. A similar observation has been noted for an acoustoelectric interaction in a multilayered structure resulting from the analysis of the Si/SiO2 structure.Keywords: acoustoelectric current; acoustomagnetothermal effect; quantum transparencyDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5013 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 67-72
A Theoretical study of thermodynamic properties of Cd-Bi liquid alloy
Authors: Adhikari D 
Published: January 2012

Flory’s model has been used for the study of thermodynamic properties of Cd-Bi liquid alloys. Free energy of mixing, heat of mixing, entropy of mixing and activity of Cd have been determined. All of these computed quantities have been found to be in a good agreement with observed values.Keywords: Flory’s model; thermodynamic properties; Cd-Bi liquid alloy; weakly interacting system; interaction energy parameter DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5693 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 90-95
Ovarian Histomorphology and Gonadial Cycle of Freshwater Garfish <i>Xenentodon cancila</i> (Hemilton-Buchanan) (Beloniformes:Belonidae)
Authors: Subba Bharat Raj , Meheta Satya Narayan 
Published: January 2012

The histomorphology and gonadial cycle of a freshwater garfish Xenentoton cancila revealed that the ovaries of the fish pass through resting, early maturing advanced maturing, pre-spawning, spawning and spent phases within one year. The oogenetic activity starts in November and continues upto June(GSI=10.19)-July(GSI=11.38), when ovaries are full of yolky eggs. Only young oogonia and oocytes l appeared in September to October. The oocytes of l,ll,lll,lV and V stages were present during November to February. The oocytes Vl and Vll were seen dominated by ripe oocytes during June to late July when spawning takes place. Asychronism mode of oocyte development was recorded in X.cancila. Keywords: Xenentodon cancila; oocyte development; reproductive cycle; spawningDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5694 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 96-104
Fractal Approach: Quantification of Seismicity in South Central Tibet
Authors: Paudyal Harihar , Roy PNS 
Published: January 2012

The South Central Tibet (SCT) region is inferred to be an extensional regime since it is predominantly associated with normal faulting with E-W oriented horizontal tension axis representing extension in eastwest direction. In this paper the fractal analysis is carried out using the seismicity data (mb≥3.5) for last 47 years (1963-2009) in SCT to the north of Central Himalaya. The entire study area is bounded by 29o-31o N and 85o-90o E. The study escorted to the recognition of a clustering events in two consecutive fifty events window having low spatial fractal correlation dimension (Dc) value ranging from 0.3638 to 0.5451 during the period between 07.26.1998 to 03.23.2002. Relatively two lower Dc obtained prior to strong event. Spatial-temporal clustering of events during low Dc period actually specifies a highly stressed region, leading to increase of shear strain causing weak zone from where the rupture propagation may ultimately nucleate causing large earthquake. This type of clustering pattern study using the well constrained catalogue data for the SCT region, which has a record of high seismic activity for the entire last two decades, can assist to enhance the understanding and mitigation of earthquake hazard.Keywords: Fractal spatial; correlation dimension (Dc); clustering; seismicityDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5699 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 116-126
Methotrexate and Corticosteroids in the Treatment of Localized Scleroderma: A Standardized Prospective Longitudinal Single-center Study
Authors: TOROK KATHRYN S. , ARKACHAISRI THASCHAWEE 
Published: January 2012

Objective.To evaluate the effectiveness of a uniform single-center treatment protocol composed of high-dose methotrexate (MTX) and oral corticosteroids in a pediatric localized scleroderma (LS) cohort.Methods.Thirty-six patients with LS were recruited. Patients with active disease, defined as erythematous lesions and/or new lesions, or expansion of existing lesions, were started on oral prednisone 2 mg/kg/day (maximum 60 mg/day) and subcutaneous (SC) MTX at 1 mg/kg/week (maximum 25 mg/week). Prednisone was tapered and kept at 0.25 mg/kg/day for 12 months. MTX SC was continued for 24 months, and then switched to oral administration to complete 36 months of therapy. Modified LS Skin Severity Index (mLoSSI) and the physician global assessment of disease activity (PGA-A) were used as outcome measures.Results.Twenty-five patients with LS were female with a median age at onset of 7.86 years [interquartile range (IQR) 4.63–11.91]. Median disease duration from onset until start of this treatment regimen was 19.2 months (IQR 8.96–35.35). Median duration of followup was 36.40 months (IQR 29.39–45.36). All patients demonstrated significant improvement in mLoSSI at median 1.77 months (IQR 0.76–2.37, 95% CI 1.54, 2.01). PGA-A followed the same trend. No significant adverse reactions or flares were observed during therapy.Conclusion.This single-center LS treatment protocol was effective and well tolerated. Clinical outcome in LS is affected by dose and route of administration of immunosuppressive regimens. Daily tapering dose of corticosteroids and parenteral MTX were effective in controlling LS activity without significant adverse reaction. This regimen should be considered as one of the therapies for LS clinical trials.