bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards an Ontological Representation of Resistance: The Case of MRSa
Authors: Goldfain Albert , Cowell Lindsay , Smith Barry 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis paper addresses a family of issues surrounding the biological phenomenon of resistance and its representation in realist ontologies. Resistance terms from various existing ontologies are examined and found to be either overly narrow, inconsistent, orotherwise problematic. We propose a more coherent ontological representation using the antibiotic resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSa) as a case study.
The Distance to NGC 5128 (Centaurus A)
Authors: Harris Gretchen L. H. , Rejkuba Marina , Harris William E. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractIn this paper we review the various high precision methods that are now available to determine the distance to NGC 5128. These methods include: Cepheids, TRGB (tip of the red giant branch), PNLF (planetary nebula luminosity function), SBF (surface brightness fluctuations), and Long Period Variable (LPV) Mira stars. From an evaluation of these methods and their uncertainties, we derive a best-estimate distance of 3.8±0.1 Mpc to NGC 5128 and find that this mean is now well supported by the current data. We also discuss the role of NGC 5128 more generally for the extragalactic distance scale as a testbed for the most direct possible comparison among these key methods.
Resolving the Nucleus of Centaurus A at Mid-Infrared Wavelengths
Authors: Burtscher Leonard , Meisenheimer Klaus , Jaffe Walter , Tristram Konrad R. W. , Rottgering Huub J. A. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe have observed Centaurus A with the Mid-Infrared Interferometric Instrument (MIDI) at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer at resolutions of 7–15 mas (at 12.5 μm) and filled gaps in the (u, v) coverage in comparison to earlier measurements. We are now able to describe the nuclear emission in terms of geometric components and derive their parameters by fitting models to the interferometric data. With simple geometrical models, the best fit is achieved for an elongated disk with flat intensity profile with diameter 76 ± 9 × 35 ± 2 mas (1.41 ± 0.17 × 0.65 ± 0.03 pc) whose major axis is oriented at a position angle (PA) of 10.1 ± 2.2° east of north. A point source contributes 47 ± 11% of the nuclear emission at 12.5 μm. There is also evidence that neither such a uniform nor a Gaussian disk are good fits to the data. This indicates that we are resolving more complicated small-scale structure in active galactic nuclei with MIDI, as has been seen in Seyfert galaxies previously observed with MIDI. The PA and inferred inclination i = of the dust emission are compared with observations of gas and dust at larger scales.
The Warped Disk of Centaurus A from a Radius of 2 to 6500 pc
Authors: Quillen Alice C. , Neumayer Nadine , Oosterloo Tom , Espada Daniel 
Published: October 2010

AbstractWe compile position and inclination angles for tilted ring fits to the warped dusty and gaseous disk of Cen A, spanning a radius of 1.8 to 6500 pc, from recent observations. For radii exterior to 1 kpc, tilted-ring orientations lie on an arc, on a plot of polar-inclination versus position-angle, suggesting that precession following a merger can account for the ring morphology. Three kinks in the ring orientations are seen on the polar plot, the one at radius of about 1.3 kpc we suspect corresponds to the location where self-gravity in the disk affects the ring precession rate. Another at a radius of about 600 pc may be associated with a gap in the gas distribution. A third kink is seen at a radius of 100 pc. A constant inclination tilted disk precessing about the jet axis may describe the disk between 100 and 20 pc but not interior to this. A model with disk orientation matching the molecular circumnuclear disk at 100 pc that decays at smaller radii to an inner flat disk perpendicular to the jet may account for disk orientations within 100 pc. Neither model would account for the cusps or changes in disk orientation at 100 or 600 pc.
An Arabidopsis Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATION7, Is Required for FtsH-Mediated Chloroplast Biogenesis
Authors: Liu Xiayan , Yu Fei , Rodermel Steve 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) yellow variegated2 (var2) mutant has green- and white-sectored leaves due to loss of VAR2, a subunit of the chloroplast FtsH protease/chaperone complex. Suppressor screens are a valuable tool to gain insight into VAR2 function and the mechanism of var2 variegation. Here, we report the molecular characterization of 004-003, a line in which var2 variegation is suppressed. We found that the suppression phenotype in this line is caused by lack of a chloroplast pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) protein that we named SUPPRESSOR OF VARIEGATION7 (SVR7). PPR proteins contain tandemly repeated PPR motifs that bind specific RNAs, and they are thought to be central regulators of chloroplast and mitochondrial nucleic acid metabolism in plants. The svr7 mutant has defects in chloroplast ribosomal RNA (rRNA) processing that are different from those in other svr mutants, and these defects are correlated with reductions in the accumulation of some chloroplast proteins, directly or indirectly. We also found that whereas var2 displays a leaf variegation phenotype at 22°C, it has a pronounced chlorosis phenotype at 8°C that is correlated with defects in chloroplast rRNA processing and a drastic reduction in chloroplast protein accumulation. Surprisingly, the cold-induced phenotype of var2 cannot be suppressed by svr7. Our results strengthen the previously established linkage between var2 variegation and chloroplast rRNA processing/chloroplast translation, and they also point toward the possibility that VAR2 mediates different activities in chloroplast biogenesis at normal and chilling temperatures.
Evidence for the Existence of One Antenna-Associated, Lipid-Dissolved and Two Protein-Bound Pools of Diadinoxanthin Cycle Pigments in Diatoms
Authors: Lepetit Bernard , Volke Daniela , Gilbert Matthias , Wilhelm Christian , Goss Reimund 
Published: October 2010

Abstract
We studied the localization of diadinoxanthin cycle pigments in the diatoms Cyclotella meneghiniana and Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Isolation of pigment protein complexes revealed that the majority of high-light-synthesized diadinoxanthin and diatoxanthin is associated with the fucoxanthin chlorophyll protein (FCP) complexes. The characterization of intact cells, thylakoid membranes, and pigment protein complexes by absorption and low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the FCPs contain certain amounts of protein-bound diadinoxanthin cycle pigments, which are not significantly different in high-light and low-light cultures. The largest part of high-light-formed diadinoxanthin cycle pigments, however, is not bound to antenna apoproteins but located in a lipid shield around the FCPs, which is copurified with the complexes. This lipid shield is primarily composed of the thylakoid membrane lipid monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. We also show that the photosystem I (PSI) fraction contains a tightly connected FCP complex that is enriched in protein-bound diadinoxanthin cycle pigments. The peripheral FCP and the FCP associated with PSI are composed of different apoproteins. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the peripheral FCP is composed mainly of the light-harvesting complex protein Lhcf and also significant amounts of Lhcr. The PSI fraction, on the other hand, shows an enrichment of Lhcr proteins, which are thus responsible for the diadinoxanthin cycle pigment binding. The existence of lipid-dissolved and protein-bound diadinoxanthin cycle pigments in the peripheral antenna and in PSI is discussed with respect to different specific functions of the xanthophylls.
Commitment to purpose – the catalyst for organisation change and performance
Authors: Pritchard Neville 
Published: October 2010

PurposeTo demonstrate the significance ensuring the clarity and alignment of purpose to the achievement of organisation goals.Design/methodology/approachThrough experience of working within a number of organisations across varied industries the author has formulated a link between the extent to which interpretation of organisation purpose is aligned within functional and individual objectives and the achievement of organisational goals. This paper intends to provide a series of checks and a framework of audit that ensures that an organisation can consider the extent of consistency and inform management of the potential for improvement.FindingsThe consideration that a consistent interpretation and deployment of organisation purpose can serve as a catalyst of well‐implemented change and achievement of intent. The extent of potential negative impact and the potential sources of disengagement can be identified through investigation of ten questions. The potential to address issues from within a considered framework of review will enable improved consistency and application.Practical implicationsImproved approaches to the monitoring of aligned and integrated business unit, functional, team and individual objectives will provide a greater potential for organisation initiative success.Originality/valueThe structured review of the extent of alignment and integration will provide valuable information on the potential success of strategic initiatives, operational improvement projects and organisation vision. It is valuable to heads of HR, Learning and Development, executive, senior and middle management involved in change and the achievement of strategy and vision.
Utilization of color change in the condition monitoring of synthetic hydraulic oils
Authors: Victor Ossia Chinwuba , Hosung Kong , Markova Lyiubov V. 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present an optical technique for the condition monitoring of synthetic hydraulic oil; a deviation from the current techniques based on electrical principles which could be masked by wear particles and polar contaminants in oil.Design/methodology/approachColor‐change detecting device was developed using light‐emitting diodes, optic fibers and photodiodes of three‐color‐sensing elements. Color ratio (CR) and total contamination parameters based on transmitted light intensity in red, green, and blue wavelengths were used for oil chemical and particulate contamination assessment.FindingsCR criterion was found independent of the particulate contamination of oil; but depended on chemical degradation. Total contamination index of the device depended on both the chemical degradation and particulate contamination of the oil, being most sensitive in blue wavelength, and least in the red. Test results for synthetic hydraulic oils monitored corroborated with results of viscosity, total acid number, RDE emission spectrometry, particulate counts and UV‐Vis photospectrometry. CR showed a clearer indication of oil degradation, compared to key monitoring parameters such as total acid number, viscosity, RDE emission spectrometry and particle counts.Originality/valueThis paper demonstrates how oil chemical degradation and total contamination could be detected through the device, before incipient wear occurs at tribological interfaces. The results showed that the color‐change parameters are effective criteria for the condition monitoring of synthetic hydraulic oils.
The effect of natural frequency of the experimental set‐up on the wear rate
Authors: Asaduzzaman Chowdhury Mohammad 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate experimentally the effect of natural frequency of the experimental set‐up on wear rate of glass fiber‐reinforced plastic (GFRP).Design/methodology/approachExperimental and dimensional analysis. A pin‐on‐disc apparatus having facility of vibrating the test samples at different directions, amplitudes and frequencies was designed and fabricated. The natural frequency of the set‐up was varied by adding dead loads of the set‐up from 0 to 50 kg. At each added load, the wear rate has been measured.FindingsThe presence of natural frequency of vibration indeed affects the wear rate considerably. The values of wear rate increase with the increase of natural frequency of vibration of the experimental set‐up. As the wear rate increases with increasing natural frequency of vibration, therefore, maintaining appropriate level of natural frequency vibration wear may be kept to some lower value to improve mechanical processes. The empirical formula of wear rate is derived from the dimensionless analysis. The wear rate obtained from the correlation shows better relationship with experimental results.Practical implicationsIt is expected that the applications of these results will contribute to the improvement of different concerned mechanical systems and machines.Originality/valueConsidering the lack of correlation among wear rate, natural frequency of the experimental set‐up and other operating parameters, the present research was started to find out suitable correlation and a way of reducing wear rate by applying known natural frequency of vibration at a particular direction. Therefore, in this paper, an attempt is made to investigate the wear behavior of GFRP under natural frequency of the experimental set‐up. It is expected that the applications of these results will contribute to the improvement of different concerned mechanical systems.
Learning, experienced emotions, relationships and innovation in HRD
Authors: Anderson Valerie , Gilmore Sarah 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to explore the introduction of a new experience‐based learning process in the learning and teaching of human resource development (HRD) within a professionally accredited curriculum in a UK University.Design/methodology/approachAn action enquiry approach is taken, and qualitative data gathered over a full academic year from tutors and students are analysed to examine how those involved made sense of and learned about HRD.FindingsInfluences on the experience of an innovative HRD pedagogy are identified as: assessment processes and expectations; relationships and behaviours within the learning and teaching process; the experienced emotions of those involved; and the extent to which students feel clarity about what is expected.Research limitations/implicationsThe qualitative nature of the data and the focus on one particular UK institutional taught module limits the generalisability; in particular, the experience of full‐time students or those involved in courses that focus exclusively on HRD outside of UK are not incorporated.Practical implicationsAttention to assessment processes is an essential pre‐requisite to any pedagogic innovation, as is effective and transparent team‐working by tutors and careful thought about tutor behaviours in settings where experienced emotions and relationships directly affect the innovative process.Originality/valueThe inherent tension between the constructivist and exploratory HRD curriculum and the requirement for “performative clarity” in HRD pedagogy is explored. Experienced emotions and relationships are shown to mediate a student‐centred and critically reflexive HRD pedagogy, something that is currently insufficiently recognised in much of the literature.
Modern learning methods for HRD
Authors: Wootton Danielle , Stone Barras Kenneth 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how professional skills training in making ethical decisions for redundancy selection, can be utilised though interactive role play, in a virtual learning environment.Design/methodology/approachA pilot study was undertaken with a group of part time mature students pursuing a professional development programme. The pilot was based on the CLE concept using a virtual learning environment (VLE) and involved ethical decision making in a redundancy scenario. Data was gathered through the VLE “log” and through a focus group interview.FindingsEvidence is provided of the suitability of the CLE approach in this context. Additionally, the findings suggest that the use of a virtual learning environment for CLE raises a number of different issues for the management and motivation of participants. Virtual interaction of this nature creates different timescales, degrees of confidence and levels of anonymity than found with more traditional face‐to‐face training. This has an impact on behaviour and requires recognition and management by HRD facilitators.Research limitations/implicationsThe study was based on a small‐scale pilot and has not been retested.Practical implicationsThe findings provide practical implications for further design in using CLE in redundancy selection. Furthermore, clinics for a variety of scenarios both in the workplace and educational settings could be based on this approach.Originality/valueThe paper provides discussion of an innovative approach in an HRD context. These concepts have been not used extensively in the HRD field when trying to address learning and skills development in ethical decision making in practice.
The online oxymoron: teaching HRD through an impersonal medium
Authors: Callahan Jamie 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThis paper aims to present an alternative and critical view of online learning for and by HRD professionals.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is positioned as a conceptual reflection regarding practical implications not frequently considered with regard to implementing online learning systems.FindingsThis paper contends that many of the practical reasons for implementing online learning (accessibility, power equalization, and cost reduction) have fatal flaws.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper suggests that researchers broaden their perspectives beyond the assumption that using online learning is the goal to be achieved with regard to teaching and learning HRD. Both traditional and critical perspectives of online learning should be more thoroughly explored through empirical research.Originality/valueFew conceptual or empirical works challenge the unquestioned hegemony of the appeal of online learning, especially within the field of HRD. This reflection will hopefully serve as a catalyst for research that challenges unquestioned assumptions about online learning as a cutting edge innovation for teaching and learning HRD.
Toward an understanding of consumer perspectives on experiences
Authors: Baron Steve , Harris Kim 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer a consumer‐centric perspective on experiences and interactions that is consistent with the foundational premises of the service‐dominant logic of marketing, and which incorporates an increased understanding of the value derived from consumer‐to‐consumer (C2C) interactions.Design/methodology/approachThe paper offers a reoriented framework and process consumer experience modeling (CEM) for analyzing consumer interactions in experience domains. CEM uses qualitative analysis methods and software, underpinned by constructs relating to first‐, second‐ and third‐order interactions undertaken by consumers. It is illustrated with reference to the “gap year travel” experience domain.FindingsThe approach offers a means for identifying value enhancers and inhibitors for consumers. It provides, for organizations, a representation of consumer perspectives on interactions, giving due regard to C2C interactions. The example of the gap year travel experience demonstrates how this information can be used to inform the nature and emphasis of future marketing initiatives of organizations that are operating within the experience domain.Research limitations/implicationsThe framework and some of its key concepts require verification in other experience domains to test their robustness. The increased availability of consumer “voice” data (via blogs, etc.) offers great opportunities for the development of consumer‐centric approaches to experience analysis.Originality/valueThis work represents one of the first reported attempts to adopt an empirical approach to issues that have been raised by the foundational premises of the service‐dominant logic of marketing, and consider, and provide a structure to interactions and experiences from a consumer perspective.
Causes for complaining behaviour intentions: the moderator effect of previous customer experience of the restaurant
Authors: Moliner Velázquez Beatriz , Fuentes Blasco María , Gil Saura Irene , Berenguer Contrí Gloria 
Published: October 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the main causes for complaining behaviour intentions expressed in three dimensions: private response, complaining response and complaining to third parties. The objectives are, first to study the direct influence of a set of antecedents and complaining behaviour intentions and second, to analyse the moderator effect of previous restaurant experience on subsequent relations.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative research method was used based on a self‐administered ad‐hoc questionnaire on a sample of 388 individuals who remembered an unsatisfactory experience in a restaurant.FindingsThe results show that the following variables have significant effects on intentions: attitudes towards complaining, level of information and complaining experience, level of dissatisfaction and likelihood of success with the complaint. An increased effect of attitudes towards complaining has been found in customers with no previous experience of the restaurant.Originality/valueThis work shows that the customer's previous experience is important in the formation of complaining behaviour intentions and therefore research is needed on new variables which may play a moderator role.
Quality management benchmarking: FDA compliance in pharmaceutical industry
Authors: Jochem Roland , Landgraf Katja 
Published: October 2010

PurposeBy analyzing and comparing industry and business best practice, processes can be optimized and become more successful mainly because efficiency and competitiveness increase. This paper aims to focus on some examples.Design/methodology/approachCase studies are used to show knowledge exchange in the pharmaceutical industry. Best practice solutions were identified in two companies using a benchmarking method and five‐stage model.FindingsDespite large administrations, there is much potential regarding business process organization. This project makes it possible for participants to fully understand their business processes. The benchmarking method gives an opportunity to critically analyze value chains (a string of companies or players working together to satisfy market demands for a special product).Practical implicationsKnowledge exchange is interesting for companies that like to be global players. Benchmarking supports information exchange and improves competitive ability between different enterprises. Findings suggest that the five‐stage model improves efficiency and effectiveness. Furthermore, the model increases the chances for reaching targets. The method gives security to partners that did not have benchmarking experience.Originality/valueThe study identifies new quality management procedures. Process management and especially benchmarking is shown to support pharmaceutical industry improvements.