bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
الحكمة والشجاعة في شعر ابن الدهان الموصلي (توفي - 581هـ)
Authors: فيصل ضحى نوري , عليوي  المحمداوي نجلاء عبد الحسين 
Published: May 2024

يزخر شعر الحكمة بما فيه من الحكم والمواعظ والتوجيهات وخلاصة تجارب الشعراء ، وهو يهدف إلى إلهام القراء وتقديم نصائح قيمة لهم في الحياة ، ويمكن أن يكون هذا الشعر في صورة أبيات قصيرة أو قصائد طويلة ، فهو وسيلة بليغة للتعبير عن الحكمة والتوجيهات الحكيمة بشكل إبداعي فنّي مُلهم وهو عند ابن الدهان الموصلي كثيراً ما يأتي في أسلوب النصح الوعظي مدعوماً بالوازع الديني والعقيدة الإسلامية ، أما شعر الشجاعة عنده فيتميز بروح المغامرة والتحدي ، وينبثق من قيم الشاعر الاجتماعية وموروثاته العليا ، ويعبر عن القوة والصمود في وجه التحديات والمواقف الصعبة التي عاشها ممدوحوه ، فهو من الأوائل الذين أجادوا التعبير عن هذين النوعين من الشعر ببراعة وإلهام.
AKUNTABILITAS DAN TRANSPARASI PENGELOLAN ALOKASI DANA DESA PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR DESA BLERONG
Authors: Rachmawati Widyana Cici , Indudewi Dian 
Published: May 2024

<table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="434"><p>Alokasi dana desa (ADD) merupakan wujud nyata pemenuhan otonomi desa, agar tumbuh dan berkembang mengikuti pertumbuhan desa itu sendiri berdasarkan keanekaragaman, partisipasi, demokrasi, serta pemberdayaan masyarakat. Dalam pengelolaan dan pelaksanaan kegiatan pemerintahan desa, perlu adanya prinsip transparansi dan akuntabilitas. Desa Blerong merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Kecamatan Guntur Kabupaten Demak yang memiliki 8 Dusun, mendapatkan Anggaran Alokasi Dana Desa (ADD) yang cukup besar di Kecamatan Guntur. Anggaran alokasi dana desa di desa Blerong setiap tahunya mengalami peningkatan, Melihat permasalahan di atas minimnya penerapan Akuntabilitas dan Transparansi dan ketidak terbukaan antara aparatur desa dengan Masyarakat menjadi ragu dalam pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa di Desa Blerong. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kantor Desa di Desa Blerong, Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui Desa Blerong telah Akuntabel dan Transparasi Dalam Pengelolaan ADD di Desa Blerong Kecamatan Guntur Kabupaten Demak. Penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif, dengan menggunakan triangulasi sumber data yaitu observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Kantor Kelurahan Blerong, Kecamatan Guntur, Kabupaten Demak. Subyek penelitian ini adalah informan sebagai sumber data penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa di desa Blerong sudah baik dengan menggunakan Undang-undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 tentang Desa dan Peraturan Menteri Dalam Negeri (Permendagri) Nomor 20 tahun 2018 tentang Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa. Tahap pelaksanaan dilakukan oleh tim pelaksana kegiatan tahap pengelolaan Alokasi Dana Desa sudah berjalan dengan tertib dan pelaporanya sudah sesuai dengan standar. Pada tahap pelaporan kepala desa melaporkan realisasi penggunaan anggaran kepada pemerintah daerah, badan musyawarah desa, dan Masyarakat desa.</p><div><p> </p></div><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table>
THE CARBON FOOTPRINT AND MONETARY VALUE OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPAIRMENT BY THE DISPLACEMENT TOWARDS PROTECTED AREAS IN ECUADOR
Authors: Córdova Jaime Fabián Díaz , Medina Edisson Marcelo Coba , Zurita Héctor Santiago López , Meza Estefanía de las Mercedes Zurita 
Published: May 2024

Objective: Generate environmental awareness and economic valuation of the pollution caused by the movement of people to the protected areas (PA) of Ecuador from the city of Ambato.

Theoretical Framework: The perspectives of alternative development and sustainable development models provide the theoretical framework that supports this work and allows us to envision alternatives for solving environmental conflicts such as pollution and environmental deterioration of the country's protected areas.

Method: The methodology used was built based on environmental assessment methods. Thus, first, the country's protected areas were identified, and the distances from Ambato to the PAs in kilometers were calculated. Then, the fuel used for the trip was calculated, as well as the fuel consumption of the round trip, which helped to obtain the carbon footprint generated by the transfer and determine the environmental cost of the carbon dioxide emission.

Results and Discussion: The investigation results determined that the cost of environmental contamination when visiting the 47 Ecuadorian protected areas was $395,391.37.

Research Implications: However, the contribution of this study focuses on providing evidence that conserving nature is more profitable than exploiting it.

Originality/Value: The study demonstrates the need to change transportation for a sustainable mobility system to achieve social, economic, and environmental balance.
Vitamin D Deficiency in the Patients of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Correlation with HbA1c
Authors: Jamali Anwar Ali , Memon Nadeem Ahmed , Rabbani Ubaid , . Komal , Soomro Abdul Karim , Jahanghir Syed 
Published: May 2024

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent chronic metabolic disorder. Elevated HbA1c levels are associated with a higher risk of diabetes-related complications. Some studies have suggested a potential correlation between vitamin D levels and HbA1c, indicating that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to poor glycemic control. Objective: To evaluate the vitamin d deficiency in the patients of type-II diabetes mellitus and its correlation with HbA1c. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Settings: Department of Medicine, PUMHS Nawabshah and MMC MirpurKhas Pakistan. Duration: 6 months of period from July 2021 to December 2021. Methods: Study included patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged over 40 years and both genders. A 5ml blood sample was collected from each participant after obtaining informed consent and sent to the diagnostic laboratory to determine the HbA1c levels and vitamin D status. Data collection was carried out using a self-made study proforma, and the data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: A total of 58 diabetes patients were evaluated for vitamin D deficient and its correlation with HbA1c. Overall mean age of the patients was 53.32 ± 8.54 years. Males were 28(48.3%) and females were 30(51.7%). Most of the patients 48.30% had moderately decreased vitamin D level, followed by 25.90% cases had mild deficiency, only one case had severely decreased vitamin D level. There was a significant negative correlation between vitamin d level and HbA1c (r= - 0.314) (p= 0.016). Conclusion: Among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, there was a higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency. Additionally, a significant inverse relationship was observed between vitamin D deficiency and HbA1c levels.
The Precautionary Role of Ajwa Date on Hepatotoxicity Induced by Anti-Tubercular Drugs
Authors: Farooq Muhammad Shahzad , Majeed Sadia , Khurshid Rukhshan , Tabassum Saima , Shaheen Bushra , Ashraf Huma 
Published: May 2024

Background: Anti-tubercular drugs are known to causes hepatic injury, leading to stop the medical treatment by people globally. Ajwa data as herbal medicine may help in hepatic recovery. Objective: To find the precautionary of Ajwa date on hepatotoxicity induced by anti-tubercular drugs in rabbits. Study Design: Experimental study. Settings: Department of Pharmacology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore Pakistan. Duration: One year from June 2018-June 2019. Methods: Thirty rabbits were divided into five groups (A, B, C, D & E). Two groups (A, B) were on normal diet and drugs. Three groups (C, D & E) were on drug + Ajwa(seed/flesh) for 14 days. Hepatotoxicity was confirmed by liver enzymes (ALT & AST) and by histopathology of liver tissue. Results: Level of ALT and AST were in normal limits in all groups at the start of experiment. Significant hepatotoxicity was seen after 2 weeks of orally given INH and rifampicin in group B as compared to healthy control group A. Using of Ajwa date during the same period decreased the high levels of enzymes in groups C, D and E and brings liver function normal like healthy controls. Histological findings showed that after the administration of Ajwa, its flesh and powder, the changes of liver structure like degeneration, steatosis, necrosis etc. are relieved. Conclusion: Co-administration of Ajwa date along with its constituents are parallel and effective in reducing isoniazid and rifampicin induced hepatotoxicity.
Internet como servicio público
Authors: Topon Salinas María Gabriela 
Published: May 2024

La siguiente investigación tiene como objetivo principal, el análisis de la utilización del internet como servicio público, esta herramienta tecnológica ha ido creciendo de manera inimaginable en la humanidad a través del paso del tiempo. Se realiza un análisis en el Ecuador para determinar si a este medio de comunicación se lo puede considerar como de primera necesidad y si incide en el desarrollo de la población como tal, todos los sectores a nivel mundial se han visto influenciados por el desarrollo de las tecnologías de información y comunicación dentro de las cuales circula un gran flujo de información y conocimiento que cambian los procesos de producción y que a su vez la sociedad se mantiene intercomunicada, como consecuencia de este análisis determinar si es o no pertinente la creación de una empresa de servicio público dentro de la cual se establecerán definiciones que sirvan como guía para la creación de una empresa con objetivos definidos y políticas claramente establecidas para la municipalidad del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito.
Análisis de la Situación Actual del Servicio Público de Telefonía Fija frente al Servicio de Telefonía Móvil en el Ecuador
Authors: Estupiñan Andrea Verónica 
Published: May 2024

Las telecomunicaciones constituyen un servicio público garantizado por el Estado Ecuatoriano. El presente trabajo tiene como finalidad el diagnóstico de la situación actual del servicio de telefonía fija y la determinación de medidas de optimización frente a la competencia de telefonía móvil. La metodología utilizada consiste en la revisión de información secundaria impresa y on line, así como entrevistas con líderes de opinión que conocen la administración, regulación y control de este sector. De los resultados obtenidos se concluye que el servicio de telefonía fija no desaparecerá ya que la inversión realizada por el Estado es cuantiosa, y que además la plataforma de red permite el empaquetamiento de múltiples servicios. La investigación permite establecer que la competencia que existe con la telefonía móvil se concentra en el consumo más no en la cobertura y entre las medidas de optimización identificadas se plantea principalmente la eliminación de los cargos de interconexión, con la cual se reducirá el precio final e impulsará la competencia.
A Tale of Two Countries: Constitutionalizing the Mandatory Minimum Sentence
Authors: Moen Bryton M. P. 
Published: May 2024

Mandatory minimum sentences have always played a role in Canadian criminal law, and indeed, in the common law of the United Kingdom (UK). Parliament, especially in recent years, drastically expanded the use of mandatory minimum sentencing, calling for higher sentences to be imposed on offenders. This has resulted in a corresponding increase in challenges to the constitutionality of that legislation, specifically alleging that the impugned mandatory sentences infringe an individual’s right to be free from cruel and unusual treatment or punishment. However, these challenges are often based on an imagined offender, or a reasonable hypothetical, rather than the offender before the court.
The UK also imposes mandatory minimum sentences, including for firearms offences. Moreover, the mandatory sentences in the UK call for significantly more severe sentences than the sentences that Canadian courts struck down as being cruel and unusual punishment. This article, therefore, looks at the firearms laws of the UK and how they have structured the mandatory minimum sentence for firearm offences. The provisions in the UK mandating minimum sentences for particular offences contain an “escape clause” which permits judges to deviate from the mandatory minimum sentence in “exceptional circumstances.” As a result, judges in the UK must deal with the offender and the facts of the case before them, rather than a reasonable hypothetical scenario. This article argues that Parliament’s incorporation of similar language in Canadian sentencing provisions would have two salutary effects: (1) placing the emphasis on the offender before the court, thereby eliminating the reasonable hypothetical and (2) restoring the role of Parliament in providing guidance on sentences while preserving the role of the judiciary to craft a sentence for each offender which does not violate our constitutional principles.
Enhancing Concrete Properties Using Silica Fume: Optimized Mix Design
Authors: Ali Abed Ammar , Kamal Ibtisam , Mojtahedi Alireza 
Published: May 2024

In the current work, concrete mixes containing (7.0-33.11) weight % silica fume as a partial replacement of cement with a water /cement ratio (0.42-0.48) were prepared according to an adopted two factorial central composite design. The samples were tested, optimized, and modeled for compressive strength and density. The estimated results confirmed that compressive strength and density increase with increasing silica fume content up to 11.9 wt.%. Response surface analysis results confirmed that silica fume concrete with developed compressive strength (53.42 MPa) could be prepared by incorporation of 11.9 wt. % silica fume as partial replacement of cement using 0.42 water/cement ratio. An increase in compressive strength and density (up to 39.3% and 2.6% ) respectively was recorded for silica fume concrete mixes compared to Portland cement concrete. Overall, the research findings revealed that silica fume concretes prepared with appropriate silica fume content and water/cement ratio exhibited superior strength and density characteristics candidate them to be used effectively in civil engineering applications.
Analisis Mikrobiologi Pada Produk Garam yang Diproduksi Oleh PT.UNIChemCandi Indonesia Berdasarkan Regulasi DI Indonesia SNI dan BPOM
Authors: Putri Vita Maulidah , Prayitno Sutrisno Adi , Putri Silvy Novita Antrisna 
Published: May 2024

Garam yang berkualitas harus memenuhi standar keamanan yang telah ditetapkan di Indonesia yaitu berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) dan Peraturan Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (Per-BPOM). Keamanan pangan pada suatu produk dapat terpenuhi salah satunya dengan menerapkan Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik (CPPB).Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui keberadaan mikroorganisme pada garam dan membandingkan dengan standar yang telah ditentukan berdasarkan SNI dan Per-BPOM. Hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil analisis mikrobiologi menunjukkan bahwa garam yang diuji dengan parameter Bacillus cereus, Enterobacteriaceae, dan Clostridium perfringens adalah <1x yang artinya garam yang diuji tidak melebihi batas yang ditentukan berdasarkan SNI 7388-2009 dan per-BPOM No 13 Tahun 2019 yang ditunjukkan setelah inokulasi bahwa tidak ada petumbuhan koloni bakteri pada msaing-masing media selektif. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada pertumbuhan mikroorganisme pada garam yang diproduksi PT.UNIChemCandi Indonesia sehingga garam telah memenuhi standar keamanan pangan dan aman dikonsumsi.
Archive, Architecture, and the Politics of Memory in Josephus’s Jewish Antiquities 12 and Antiochus III’s Edicts for Jerusalem
Authors: Portier-Young Anathea E. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The essay analyzes the edicts of Antiochus III concerning Jerusalem (Ant. 12.138–46) within two contextual horizons: Ant. 12 and Jerusalem after the Fifth Syrian War. A dichotomous understanding of resistance and collaboration is inadequate to explain the dossier’s functions. Between these poles were mediation, survival, reassembly, and redrawing of boundaries. A key to each was reshaping of political memory. In Ant. 12 the dossier contributed to an archival record of benefaction, loyalty, and respect that provided precedent and warrant for imperial grant of honor, status, and privileges to Judeans in the Roman empire. In the context of Jerusalem after the Fifth Syrian War, the edicts aimed to assert material evidence of imperial beneficence and glory in place of imperial aggression and the ravages of war. They also helped position Jerusalem within the empire’s provincial urban network and furnished a script for local agency and resilience in the wake of trauma.
Forgetting the Seleucids
Authors: Avneri Meir Rotem 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The place given to Antiochus III’s first edict for Jerusalem (Ant. 12.138–44) in the historiography of Hellenistic period Judea and Judaism, the Maccabean revolt, and the Hasmonean state is exceptional. But this is an internal Seleucid document that is absent of any local Judean perspectives, and in fact does not contain the actual instrument of royal benefaction. In recent years there has been a growing realization that empire and imperial rule relied on the acceptance of local elites that was guaranteed through negotiation. This paper traces Antiochus III’s Judean elite negotiants and the ways in which this decree was received and employed in Judea in Ben Sira, 1 and 2 Maccabees. It thus restores a local perspective to this crucial moment in Jewish history.
Podcast Review. Resiliency
Authors: Smith Melanie 
Published: May 2024

Resiliency is a podcast that follows hosts Steve Findley and Silas West as they interview field workers and the Christian experts who support them. They cover a myriad of topics such as marriage and family, health and wellness, language learning, and community development all for the purpose of encouraging field workers to continue on in the work to which the Lord has called them. Building and maintaining resiliency is the goal of Resiliency, and it is a helpful resource for both new and seasoned field workers.
लिम्बू समुदायमा प्रचलित लोकनृत्य धाननाच
Authors: सेन्दाङ भूपालकुमार 
Published: May 2024

नेपालको सुदुर पूर्वी भागमा बसोबास गर्ने लिम्बू (याक्थुङ) समुदायमा प्रचलित विभिन्न संस्कृतिहरु मध्ये लोकनृत्य धाननाच (यालाङ) एक महत्वपूर्ण संस्कृति हो । संस्कृति मानव जातिको पहिचानको आधार हो । यसको विकास मानव जीवन यापनलाई सहज र सरल तरिकाले अगाडि बढाउन भएको देखिन्छ । लिम्बू भाषामा धाननाचलाई ‘यालाङ’ भनिन्छ । यहाँ ‘या’ भनेको धान र ‘लाङ’ भनेको नाच्नु हो । यसबाट धाननाचको उत्पत्ति र विकास धानखेतीसंग सम्बन्धित रहेको देखिन्छ । धाननाचमा वाद्यवादनको खासै प्रयोग हुँदैन । यस नाचमा गाईने गीतलाई ‘पालाम’ भनिन्छ । धाननाचमा गीत गाउने छुट्टै गायक हुँदैन । नृत्यकारहरुले नै पालाम गीत पनि गाउनु पर्दछ । ‘पालाम’ शब्द ‘पानलाम’ बाट बनेको हो जसको अर्थ ‘पान’ भनेको कुरा र र ‘लाम’ भनेको वाटो हो । तसर्थ पालामको अर्थ मनमा लागेको कुरा वा हृदयमा उठेको भाव वा विचारलाई काव्यात्मक रुपमा कथेर भन्ने बाटो (लाम) हो । याक्थुङ लिम्बू जातिको महत्वपूर्ण सांस्कृतिक सम्पदाको रुपमा रहेको धाननाच (यालाङ) को उत्पत्ति कसरी भयो ? यो नाच किन र कसरी नाचिन्छ ? धाननाचमा गाइने पालाम गीतलाई भाव र प्रसङ्गको आधारमा के कति प्रकारमा वर्गीकरण गर्न सकिन्छ ? भन्ने मुख्य शोध प्रश्नहरुको जवाफ प्राप्त गर्ने उद्देश्यले यो अध्ययन गरिएको छ । यो एक गुणात्मक प्रकृतिको अन्वेषणात्म तथा ऐतिहासिक अध्ययन हो । यस अध्यायनमा संकलित प्रारम्भिक तत्थ्याङ्कहरु धाननाचको प्रत्यक्ष अवलोकन र धाननाचसम्बन्धी ज्ञाता तथा अभ्यासकर्तासंगको अन्तर्वार्ताको माध्यमद्वारा संकलन गरिएका छन् । धाननाच मौखिक परम्परा अनुरुप पुस्तान्तरण हुदै आएकोले कतिपय तत्थ्याङ्कहरु लिम्बू समुदायमा प्रचलित आख्यान तथा किंवदन्तीहरुबाट पनि संकलन गरिएका छन् । प्राप्त तत्थ्याङ्कहरुलाई ब्याख्या विश्लेषण गर्दा धाननाचको उत्पत्ति र विकास मानिसले कृषिकर्म शुरु गरे पश्चात धानखेतीको विकास भएसँगै क्रमशः भएको पाइन्छ । यस्तै सुरुमा यस नाचका व्यावस्थित नियमहरु नभएकोमा मानव विकृति बढेपछि दार्शनिक येहाङको पालादेखि साईनो–सम्बन्ध लाग्ने महिला पुरुषबीच धाननाच्न नहुने र शिष्ट, मर्यादित तथा अनुसाशित ढंगले यो नाँच नाच्नुपर्ने नियमहरु तर्जुमा भएको पाइएको छ । प्रारम्भमा धानको परालबाट अन्नको दाना झार्नको लागि नाचिने यो नाच पछिल्लो समयमा युवा–युवतीबीच आपसमा दुःखसुखका अनुभूतिहरु साँटासाँट गर्ने, प्रेम र मायाप्रिति भावनाहरु अभिव्यक्त गर्ने, विरह र बेदनाहरु पोख्ने, सामाजिक यथार्थता प्रकट गर्ने र मनोरञ्जन तथा आनन्द प्राप्त गर्ने प्रयोजनको लागि नचिएको देखिन्छ । साथै धाननाचमा गाइने पालाम गीतलाई यसको विशेषताको आधारमा मुख्यतः तुम्मुइ पालाम, मिम्मुइ पालाम र सेम्मुइ पालाम गरी तीन प्रकारमा वर्गीकरण गर्न सकिने तत्थ्य यस अध्यायनबाट प्रकाशमा आएको छ ।
Spiritual Ecology: A Path to Ecological Existentialism
Authors: Regmi Bhim Nath 
Published: May 2024

This article explores the distinctive opportunities arising from the concept of spiritual ecology, and intersects with religion and ecology, religion and nature, and religion and environmentalism. On one side, these opportunities encompass problematic trends within certain facets of existing ecological aspect entangled with capitalist enclosures and consumerist desires. Conversely, it holds the promise of fostering the commitment to harmony with nonhumans’ existence, and suggests for understanding that transcends the conventional confines of religion. Many works on spiritual ecology embrace a broad multiplicity, questioning how to discern between more favorable and less favorable expressions of spiritual ecology. As this, it upholds the value of diversity while differentiating between the anti-intellectual, individualistic, and capitalistic tendencies within spiritual ecology and those that align more closely with what can be characterized as ecological existentialism or co-existentialism. It emerges as a reaction to the ideals and socio-political frameworks of current periods, which have avoided an intimate connection with the world and its revered nature. Over the past century, it has evolved into an intellectual and practice-oriented discipline, addressing the need to reconnect with the sacred dimensions of the natural world. animism
Effectiveness of the Implementation of Fiscal Federalism at the Local Level
Authors: Khanal Bhagawan 
Published: May 2024

This study was carried out in the initial stage of the implementation of federalism which has adopted fiscal federalism. The current public finance management system adheres to intergovernmental fiscal transfer. During the study, civil servant adjustment by the federal government was ongoing. This study examines effectiveness of the implementation of fiscal federalism at the local level. It further analyses local level’s own source revenue. Following the Constitution of Nepal (2015), Local Government Operations Act (2017) defined Metropolitan, Sub-Metropolitan, Municipality, and Rural Municipality as Local Levels as well as Local Governments. The qualitative method was adopted to accomplish the study for fulfilling the effectiveness of implementation of fiscal federalism. Available literature and data were analysed and interpreted with relevant themes. Besides, some quantitative data have been presented for analysing the own source revenue of the local levels. The study found it interesting that not only the federal, and province governments transfer the budget to the local government, but the local governments also collect and share the budget for province governments. It seems top down transfer and bottom up sharing. Besides some confusion, conflict, and mismanagement, the effectiveness of implementation of the fiscal federalism seems positive because local governments are the nearest and dearest for people. Moreover, the own source revenue collection practice and tendency show that it will increase in future.