bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes associated with the COVID‐19 pandemic on postpartum screening results in Ontario, Canada: The healthy babies healthy children screening tool
Authors: Jin Ye (Hailey) , Corsi Daniel J. , Roberts Nicole F. , Sprague Ann E. , Solmi Marco , Saraf Gayatri , Gandhi Jasmine , Colman Ian , Walker Mark C. , Fiedorowicz Jess G. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundResearch on the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on mothers/childbearing parents has mainly been cross‐sectional and focused on psychological symptoms. This study examined the impact on function using ongoing, systematic screening of a representative Ontario sample.MethodsAn interrupted time series analysis of repeated cross‐sectional data from a province‐wide screening program using the Healthy Babies Healthy Children (HBHC) tool assessed changes associated with the pandemic at the time of postpartum discharge from hospital. Postal codes were used to link to neighborhood‐level data. The ability to parent or care for the baby/child and other psychosocial and behavioral outcomes were assessed.ResultsThe co‐primary outcomes of inability to parent or care for the baby/child were infrequently observed in the pre‐pandemic (March 9, 2019–March 15, 2020) and initial pandemic periods (March 16, 2020–March 23, 2021) (parent 209/63,006 (0.33%)–177/56,117 (0.32%), care 537/62,955 (0.85%)–324/56,086 (0.58%)). Changes after pandemic onset were not observed for either outcome although a significant (p = 0.02) increase in slope was observed for inability to parent (with questionable clinical significance). For secondary outcomes, worsening was only seen for reported complications during labor/delivery. Significant improvements were observed in the likelihood of being unable to identify a support person to assist with care, need of newcomer support, and concerns about money over time.ConclusionsThere were no substantive changes in concerns about ability to parent or care for children. Adverse impacts of the pandemic may have been mitigated by accommodations for remote work and social safety net policies.
Developing conceptions of forgiveness across the lifespan
Authors: McLaughlin Abby , Marshall Julia , McAuliffe Katherine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUnderstanding how to respond to transgressions is central to cooperation, yet little is known about how individuals understand the consequences of these responses. Accordingly, the current study explored children's (ages 5–9), adolescents' (ages 11–14), and adults' (N = 544, predominantly White, ~50% female, tested in 2021) understandings of three such responses—forgiveness, punishment, and doing nothing. At all ages, participants differentiated between the consequences of these three responses. Forgiveness was associated with more positive and fewer negative outcomes, while the opposite was true for punishment and doing nothing. With age, participants were less likely to expect positive outcomes, and this effect was strongest for punishment and doing nothing. The results of this study allow novel insights into reasoning about three important response strategies.
Platelet‐rich plasma following endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic sinusitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials
Authors: Albazee Ebraheem , Alsubaie Hemail M. , Alkanderi Roaa , Althaidy Mubarak , Alsafar Husain , Alsaleh Saad , Abdulrahman Shawkat 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIntroductionTo comprehensively evaluate the reported clinical effectiveness of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in patients with chronic sinusitis undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).MethodsWe performed a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Five digital online databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Cochrane CENTRAL) were searched from inception up to 1st May 2023. Our specific outcomes involved postoperative nasal endoscopy scores measured via Lund‐Kennedy score or Meltzer score, olfactory sensation scores and pre‐operative anosmia duration. All data were pooled as standardised mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), using the RevMan software.ResultsSix RCTs were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis, with a total of 169 patients. The risk of bias in the included RCTs was low in three RCTs, some concerns in one RCT and high risk in two RCTs. The overall analysis of the postoperative nasal endoscopy scores showed that the PRP group had lower scores compared to the control group (n = 3 RCTs, SMD = −1.19; 95% CI [−1.94, −0.44], p = .002). There was no significant difference between the PRP and control groups regarding anosmia duration (n = 2 RCTs, SMD = 0.21; 95% CI [−0.17, 0.59], p = 0.28) or olfactory sensation scores, despite the PRP group having higher scores (n = 2 RCTs, SMD = 0.53; 95% CI [−0.32, 1.39], p = 0.22).ConclusionThis study highlights the potential advantages of using PRP as an additional treatment for individuals with chronic sinusitis undergoing ESS. The improvements associated with PRP include facilitating wound healing, reducing inflammation and enhancing surgical outcomes. To optimise the use of PRP in clinical settings, future research should focus on conducting larger trials with standardised protocols.
Comparison of EsophyX2.0 and MUSE systems for transoral incisionless fundoplication: Technical aspects and outcomes up to 3 years
Authors: Testoni Sabrina Gloria Giulia , Pantaleo Giuseppe , Contu Federico , Azzolini Francesco , Fanti Lorella , Testoni Pier Alberto 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesWe compared the efficacy and safety of transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) with the EsophyX2.0 and MUSE systems for treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).MethodsTIF outcomes from prospective protocols (Esophy2.0X: 2007–2012; MUSE: 2015–2019) were retrospectively compared regarding technical success, moderate/severe adverse events, morpho‐functional findings up to 1 year, and clinical outcomes up to 3 years. Inclusion criteria were: (i) at least 6‐month symptomatic GERD, full/partial response to proton pump inhibitors (PPI), esophagitis, and nonerosive reflux disease/hypersensitive esophagus (both protocols); (ii) hiatal hernia <3 cm (Esophy2.0X) and ≤2.5 cm (MUSE); and (iii) Barrett's esophagus <3 cm (MUSE).ResultsIn the 50 EsophyX2.0 and 46 MUSE procedures, technical success and adverse event rates were similar, but MUSE‐related adverse events (4.4%) were life‐threatening. At 12 months, hiatal hernia recurred more frequently after EsophyX2.0 (P = 0.008). At 6 months, significantly fewer total and acid refluxes were reported after both TIF, but not more significantly at 1 year. Symptoms improved after both TIF up to 1 year (P < 0.0001), but to a greater extent in MUSE patients up to 3 years (P < 0.0001 vs. P < 0.01 for EsophyX2.0). The rates of 3‐year off‐PPI therapy patients were 73.5% in the MUSE and 53.3% in the EsophyX2.0 series (P = 0.069).ConclusionAlthough no conclusion could be drawn from this limited study, the MUSE technique seemed more effective in the long term in patients with hiatal hernia; however, there were more severe adverse events than with EsophyX2.0.
The circadian system: A neglected player in neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Bouteldja Ahmed A. , Penichet Danae , Srivastava Lalit K. , Cermakian Nicolas 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPatients with neurodevelopmental disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, often display abnormal circadian rhythms. The role of the circadian system in these disorders has gained considerable attention over the last decades. Yet, it remains largely unknown how these disruptions occur and to what extent they contribute to the disorders' development. In this review, we examine circadian system dysregulation as observed in patients and animal models of neurodevelopmental disorders. Second, we explore whether circadian rhythm disruptions constitute a risk factor for neurodevelopmental disorders from studies in humans and model organisms. Lastly, we focus on the impact of psychiatric medications on circadian rhythms and the potential benefits of chronotherapy. The literature reveals that patients with neurodevelopmental disorders display altered sleep–wake cycles and melatonin rhythms/levels in a heterogeneous manner, and model organisms used to study these disorders appear to support that circadian dysfunction may be an inherent characteristic of neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, the pre‐clinical and clinical evidence indicates that circadian disruption at the environmental and genetic levels may contribute to the behavioural changes observed in these disorders. Finally, studies suggest that psychiatric medications, particularly those prescribed for attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder and schizophrenia, can have direct effects on the circadian system and that chronotherapy may be leveraged to offset some of these side effects. This review highlights that circadian system dysfunction is likely a core pathological feature of neurodevelopmental disorders and that further research is required to elucidate this relationship.
Imbalance between hippocampal projection cell and parvalbumin interneuron architecture increases epileptic susceptibility in mouse model of methyl CpG binding protein 2 duplication syndrome
Authors: Ge Junye , Xie Shengjun , Duan Jiamei , Tian Biqing , Ren Pengfei , Hu Erling , Huang Qiyi , Mao Honghui , Zou Yuxin , Chen Qian , Wang Wenting 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveMethyl CpG‐binding protein 2 (MECP2) duplication syndrome is a rare X‐linked genomic disorder affecting predominantly males, which is usually manifested as epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) comorbidity. The transgenic line MeCP2Tg1 was used for mimicking MECP2 duplication syndrome and showed autism–epilepsy co‐occurrence. Previous works suggested that the excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) imbalance is a potential common mechanism for both epilepsy and ASD. The projection neurons and parvalbumin (PV) interneurons account for the majority of E/I balance in the hippocampus. Therefore, we explored how structural changes of projection and PV+ neurons occur in the hippocampus of MeCP2Tg1 mice and whether these morphological changes contribute to epilepsy susceptibility.MethodsWe used the interneuron Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs mouse model to inhibit inhibitory neurons in the hippocampus to verify the epilepsy susceptibility of MeCP2Tg1 (FVB, an inbred strain named as sensitivity to Friend leukemia virus) mice. Electroencephalograms were recorded for the definition of seizure. We performed retro‐orbital injection of virus in MeCP2Tg1 (FVB):CaMKIIα‐Cre (C57BL/6) mice or MeCP2Tg1:PV‐Cre (C57BL/6) mice and their littermate controls to specifically label projection and PV+ neurons for structural analysis.ResultsEpilepsy susceptibility was increased in MeCP2Tg1 mice. There was a reduced number of PV neurons and reduced dendritic complexity in the hippocampus of MeCP2Tg1 mice. The dendritic complexity in MeCP2Tg1 mice was increased compared to wild‐type mice, and total dendritic spine density in dentate gyrus of MeCP2Tg1 mice was also increased. Total dendritic spine density was increased in CA1 of MeCP2Tg1 mice.SignificanceOverexpression of MeCP2 may disrupt crucial signaling pathways, resulting in decreased dendritic complexity of PV interneurons and increased dendritic spine density of projection neurons. This reciprocal modulation of excitatory and inhibitory neuronal structures associated with MeCP2 implies its significance as a potential target in the development of epilepsy and offers a novel perspective on the co‐occurrence of autism and epilepsy.
Adult poison dart frogs avoid potential heterospecific competitors using their sense of smell
Authors: Schulze Elisa , Lipkowski Konrad , Abondano Almeida Diana , Schulte Lisa M. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOlfaction is the oldest sense in the animal kingdom. It is used during a multitude of behaviours, such as the encounter of food, the detection of predators, the recognition of habitat‐related cues or the communication with conspecifics. While the use of olfaction and chemical communication has been studied widely in some animals, it is barely known in others. Anurans (frogs and toads), for example, are well known to use acoustic and visual senses, but their chemical sense is still largely understudied. Studies concerning the chemical sense in anurans have been mostly based on the use of semiochemicals in juvenile stages, while the information on adult anurans remains limited. In this study, we analysed the behavioural response of the Neotropical poison frog Ranitomeya sirensis (Sira poison frog, Dendrobatidae) when presented with the odours of prey, novel/prey‐luring fruit, habitat, conspecific faeces and heterospecifics. For this, we offered each of the odours by placing them into one of two testing tubes fixed in an arena, with the other tube left empty as a control. We then measured the time the frogs spent in the vicinity of the odour versus the control tube and calculated a response index. While the frogs did not show a significant avoidance or attraction towards most of the tested odours, they showed a strong response towards the heterospecific odour, which was significantly avoided. This is the first evidence of a poison dart frog responding towards the odours of adult heterospecific frogs. We consider potential reasons for this strong negative reaction, such as the interspecific competition avoidance hypothesis, and discuss our results in the context of other animal species being deterred or attracted by heterospecific chemical cues.
Effectiveness of dose‐dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin as compared to gemcitabine‐based regimens as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for oncologic outcomes in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer cases—Single‐center study in Japan
Authors: Mitsui Yozo , Okawa Mizuho , Hori Shunsuke , Uetani Masato , Kasahara Mizuki , Yamabe Fumito , Kobayashi Hideyuki , Nagao Koichi , Nakajima Koichi 
Published: May 2024

ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy and safety of dose‐dense methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (dd‐MVAC) with gemcitabine‐based regimens for neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients treated in Japan.MethodsData for MIBC patients who received NAC‐dd‐MVAC followed by a radical cystectomy from June 2019 to May 2023 performed at our hospital were analyzed. For comparisons, data for MIBC patients who received NAC gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC) or gemcitabine and carboplatin (GCarbo) therapy between January 2010 and March 2019 were also obtained. Rates of ypT1N0 or less, progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and NAC adverse effects were compared between the GC/GCarbo and dd‐MVAC regimens.ResultsResults for 32 patients who received dd‐MVAC and 30 who received GC/GCarbo NAC therapy were analyzed. ypT1N0 or less was noted in 40.7% of the dd‐MVAC and 40.0% of the GC/GCarbo groups, while ypT0N0 rates were 25% and 10%, respectively, with no statistical differences noted. However, Kaplan–Meier analysis of the total cohort demonstrated that dd‐MVAC was associated with significantly better PFS and OS rates than GG/GCarbo (hazard ratios: 0.33, p = 0.0237, and 0.23, p = 0.0127, respectively). Propensity‐matched models also showed similar results for both PFS and OS. Adverse effects of dd‐MVAC were acceptable and the incidence of hematologic toxicity was lower as compared with GC/GCarbo therapy.ConclusionThe present study is the first to show that dd‐MVAC as NAC can provide better survival as compared with a gemcitabine‐based regimen for patients with MIBC treated in Japan.
Role of arylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase 7 in reproduction and limb pigmentation of Aedes aegypti
Authors: Tang Yu , Jiang Linlong , Huang Yuqi , Chen Zhaohui , Merkler David J. , Zhang Lei , Han Qian 
Published: May 2024

AbstractArylalkylamine N‐acetyltransferase (aaNAT) is a crucial enzyme that catalyses the transfer of acetyl groups from acetyl coenzyme A to arylalkylamines and arylamines. Evolutionary studies have identified a distinct class of aaNATs specific to mosquitoes, yet their functions remain elusive. This study focuses on Ae‐aaNAT7, a mosquito‐unique gene in Aedes aegypti (Diptera:Culicidae), to explore its functionality. Temporal and spatial expression analysis of Ae‐aaNAT7 mRNA revealed high expression during embryonic development and in first‐instar larvae, with notable expression in the limbs of adult mosquitoes based on tissue expression profiling. By further employing CRISPR/Cas9 technology for loss‐of‐function studies, our investigation revealed a reduction in the area of white spotting in the limbs of Ae‐aaNAT7 mutant adult mosquitoes. Further investigation revealed a significant decrease in the fecundity and hatchability of the mutants. Dissection of the ovaries from Ae‐aaNAT7 heterozygous mutants showed a noticeable reduction in the oocyte area compared with wild type. Dissection of the exochorion of the eggs from Ae‐aaNAT7 homozygous mutants consistently revealed a striking absence of mature embryos. In addition, RNA interference experiments targeting Ae‐aaNAT7 in males resulted in a reduction in fecundity, but no effect on hatchability was observed. These collective insights underscore the substantial impact of Ae‐aaNAT7 on reproduction and its pivotal contribution to adult limb pigmentation in Ae. aegypti. These revelations offer insights pivotal for the strategic design of future insecticide targets.
COVID‐19and autoimmune rheumatic disease: behavioural changes adopted by patients amid the pandemic
Authors: Dey Dzifa , Katso Bright , Issaka Saudatu , Adjei Patrick 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundAmid concerns about severe COVID‐19 in patients with autoimmune rheumatic disease (AIRD) during the outbreak, it is crucial to explore behavioural changes, whether healthy or unhealthy, arising from this patient population in response to the changing healthcare environment.AimTo investigate COVID‐19‐driven behavioural changes in patients with AIRD.MethodsThis observational study invited patients who attended the rheumatology clinic of the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital from 1 August 2020 to 1 July 2021, to respond to a survey questionnaire distributed on the patient's WhatsApp platform. Variables observed were changes in patient behaviour and decision‐making related to medication, healthcare service utilisation and clinical advice.ResultsResults for 233 patients were analysed in the study, the majority (89.7%) of whom were women. The most significant behavioural changes were a reduction in hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) dosage, adoption of telemedicine for clinical consultation and keen adherence to protective/preventive health measures. Patients also expressed anxiety regarding the risk of contracting COVID‐19 (52.5%), infecting their families (66.5%) and losing income (50.2%) due to the pandemic. Women and students were more likely to engage in self‐isolation/shielding behaviour. Employed participants practised social distancing more, reduced HCQ dosage and had more fear of losing income. Having mixed connective tissue disease is associated with being anxious about the risk of COVID‐19 infection.ConclusionThe COVID‐19 pandemic has resulted in behaviour changes among patients with AIRD. Despite the perceived risk, most of these patients continue to adhere to their prescribed medication regimens, especially maintaining the dosage of traditional immunosuppressive agents.
Singing Justice for Women and Land
Authors: Mangililo Ira D. , Plet Naw Phoo , Siahaan Dina E. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractUsing an ecofeminist reading of Isaiah 5:1‐7, this article offers the Song of the Vineyard as a poem spoken from the perspective of the woman experiencing the social crisis in 8th‐century Judah. Using a powerful rhetoric to convey her message, the woman dared to speak out against the unjust circumstances that threatened the well‐being of her people and land. This paper also explores the role of the vineyard as an agent that raises its voice against injustice. Lastly, this paper creates a dialogue between an ancient voice and the voice of Asian women today. It shows the struggles of Asian women such as the Kendeng women farmers to achieve social justice and justice for the natural environment. This paper calls for churches and the Christian community to hear the voices of the land and women and to take significant actions to end the violence against women and the land.
Precision diagnostics in paediatric dermatology: Advancing management of tinea capitis through dermatophyte PCR
Authors: Theiler M. , Luchsinger I. , Rast A. C. , Schwieger‐Briel A. , Weibel L. , Bosshard P. P. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundTinea capitis (TC) is the most frequent dermatophyte infection in children requiring systemic and topical treatment for several weeks. Traditionally, diagnosis and treatment monitoring were based on microscopic examination and fungal culture of scales and plucked hairs, which both have significant limitations.ObjectivesTo investigate the role of dermatophyte polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the treatment of TC.MethodsScales and plucked hairs of children with TC were investigated by dermatophyte PCR, microscopic examination and fungal culture at baseline and during antifungal treatment.ResultsSeventeen children with TC were included. At baseline, sensitivity of PCR was 100% as compared to 60% and 87% for direct microscopy and fungal culture, respectively. Species identification by PCR and fungal culture was consistent in all cases. During follow‐up, analysis of 38 samples under treatment showed a sensitivity of PCR, direct microscopy and fungal culture of 68%, 26% and 89% while specificity was 84%, 100% and 100%, respectively. PCR during therapy proved to be false‐negative in six and false‐positive in three instances. The latter turned negative after 4 weeks without further systemic treatment.ConclusionsDermatophyte PCR is an excellent tool for baseline diagnostics of TC providing rapid and accurate results. Our findings suggest that due to the fast and reliable results, it may replace direct microscopy and fungal culture to confirm or exclude TC in children. In the treatment course, diagnostic accuracy and performance of PCR seem reduced as compared to fungal culture, limiting its value for treatment monitoring. Mycological cure ascertained by fungal culture should currently remain the therapeutic goal.