bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of RhSUC2, a sucrose transporter, is correlated with the light control of bud burst in Rosa sp.
Authors: HENRY CLEMENCE , RABOT AMELIE , LALOI MARYSE , MORTREAU ERIC , SIGOGNE MONIQUE , LEDUC NATHALIE , LEMOINE RÉMI , SAKR SOULAIMAN , VIAN ALAIN , PELLESCHI‐TRAVIER SANDRINE 
Published: June 2011

ABSTRACTIn roses, light is a central environmental factor controlling bud break and involves a stimulation of sugar metabolism. Very little is known about the role of sucrose transporters in the bud break process and its regulation by light. In this study, we show that sugar promotes rose bud break and that bud break is accompanied by an import of sucrose. Radio‐labelled sucrose accumulation is higher in buds exposed to light than to darkness and involves an active component. Several sucrose transporter (RhSUC1, 2, 3 and 4) transcripts are expressed in rose tissues, but RhSUC2 transcript level is the only one induced in buds exposed to light after removing the apical dominance. RhSUC2 is preferentially expressed in bursting buds and stems. Functional analyses in baker's yeast demonstrate that RhSUC2 encodes a sucrose/proton co‐transporter with a Km value of 2.99 mm at pH 4.5 and shows typical features of sucrose symporters. We therefore propose that bud break photocontrol partly depends upon the modulation of sucrose import into buds by RhSUC2.
Tn5 transposase‐assisted transformation of indica rice
Authors: Wu Jun , Du Hongwei , Liao Xuewei , Zhao Yu , Li Liguan , Yang Liuyan 
Published: June 2011

SummaryHere, we describe experiments on Tn5 transposase‐assisted transformation of indica rice. Transposomes were formed in vitro as a result of hyperactive Tn5 transposase complexing with a transposon that contained a 19‐bp tetracycline operator (tetO) sequence. To form modified projectiles for transformation, the Tn10‐derived prokaryotic tetracycline repressor (TetR) proteins, which can bind transposomes via the high affinity of TetR for tetO, were immobilized onto the surface of bare gold microscopic particles. These projectiles were introduced into cells of the indica rice cultivar Zhuxian B by particle bombardment. Once projectiles were inside the cell, tetracycline induced an allosteric conformational change in TetR that resulted in the dissociation of TetR from tetO, and thus generated free transposomes. Molecular evidence of transposition was obtained by the cloning of insertion sites from many transgenic plants. We also demonstrated that the introduced foreign DNA was inherited stably over several generations. This technique is a promising transformation method for other plant species as it is species independent.
Meta‐analysis of the relationship between dietary tannin level and methane formation in ruminants from in vivo and in vitro experiments
Authors: Jayanegara A. , Leiber F. , Kreuzer M. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryA meta‐analysis was conducted to evaluate the extent to which dietary tannin level is related to methane emissions from ruminants. Data from a total of 30 experiments comprising 171 treatments were entered in a database. In vitro batch culture and in vivo measurements were distinguished as experimental approaches. With any approach, methane declined when dietary tannins increased. The in vitro approach predicted the in vivo response quite accurately. However, in vitro, the response followed a quadratic response pattern (R2 = 0.66; lower response with increasing tannin level), whereas in vivo, this decline was linear (R2 = 0.29). This indicates that the in vitro batch culture is of limited accuracy for estimating effects at levels >100 g tannin/kg dry matter. The large variation in methane/digestible organic matter (OM) found at low tannin levels may explain contrasting literature reports. Methane reduction with tannins was associated with a reduced apparent digestion of OM, and especially fibre, but methane/apparently digestible OM declined also. The present findings are helpful as they identified an underlying general antimethanogenic effect of tannins across tannin sources and experimental conditions, thus allowing concentrating the search on sources with satisfactory palatability and low adverse effects on animal performance.
Effect of glucose addition and N sources in defined media on fibrolytic activity profiles of Neocallimastix sp. YQ1 grown on corn stover
Authors: Yang H. J. , Yue Q. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryCleavage of plant cell wall arabinoxylans occurs by the action of ferulic acid esterase (FAE) and acetyl esterase (AE), which cleave feruloyl groups substituted at the 5′‐OH group of arabinosyl residues and acetyl groups substituted at O‐2/O‐3 of the xylan backbone, respectively. In this study, we examined the enzyme profiles of the anaerobic rumen fungus Neocallimastix sp. YQ1 for FAE, AE and polysaccharide hydrolases when grown on corn stover, a lignin‐rich waste biomaterial. A 2 × 4 factorial experiment in 10‐days pure cultures was used to test glucose addition (G+: glucose at 1.0 g/l, G−: no glucose) and four N sources (N1: 1.0 g/l yeast extract, 1.0 g/l tryptone and 0.5 g/l (NH4)2SO4; N2: 2.8 g/l yeast extract and 0.5 g/l (NH4)2SO4; N3: 1.6 g/l tryptone and 0.5 g/l (NH4)2SO4; N4: 1.4 g/l tryptone and 1.7 g/l yeast extract) in defined media. The optimal combinations of glucose and N sources to promote FAE and AE activity were G+ N2 and G+ N4, respectively. The peak activities of FAE and AE occurred on days 9 and 10, respectively. Addition of glucose and an increase in yeast extract and/or tryptone to a Hungate’s medium favoured fungal production of volatile fatty acids, which could be just a consequence of more organic matter available to digest. This suggests that enzymatic release of ferulic acid by a synergistic action of lignin hydrolytic esterase and polysaccharide hydrolases may be essential for plant cell wall biodegradation in the rumen.
Differential effects of propionate or β‐hydroxybutyrate on genes related to energy balance and insulin sensitivity in bovine white adipose tissue explants from a subcutaneous and a visceral depot1
Authors: Hosseini A. , Behrendt C. , Regenhard P. , Sauerwein H. , Mielenz M. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryRuminants rely on short‐chain fatty acids (SCFA) as principal energy source. Herein, we compared the effects of propionate, β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and insulin on mRNA abundance of energy balance–related genes by short‐term incubation (4 h) in bovine subcutaneous (SC) and retroperitoneal (RP) adipose tissue (AT) explants in vitro. Propionate either significantly (p < 0.05), or as a trend (p ≤ 0.1) affected mRNA abundance of genes such as adiponectin system in both depots in treated samples versus controls. Propionate increased adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and AdipoR2 mRNA only in SC AT. β‐hydroxybutyrate decreased mRNA abundance of adiponectin and AdipoR1 in SC AT as a trend. The mRNA abundance of free fatty acid receptor 2/3 (FFAR2/3) and other genes of interest (GOI) was increased during differentiation in bovine preadipocyte culture. The mRNA abundance of all the GOI remained unchanged after short‐term insulin stimulation. In total, propionate, BHB or insulin during short‐term treatment exert divergent effects on the mRNA abundance of GOI in both depots in vitro. Our results indicate that the bovine adiponectin system might be more sensitive to propionate than to BHB. We demonstrated the presence of FFAR2/3 mRNA not only in both AT depots but also in differentiating preadipocytes isolated from bovine SC AT. Therefore, we established that SCFA are able to exert insulin‐independent effects on bovine adipose tissue, which might be independent from propionate uptake–related events.
SAFETY MEASURES FOR GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY IN PATIENTS RECEIVING ANTITHROMBOTIC THERAPY
Authors: KIKUCHI DAISUKE , IIZUKA TOSHIRO , HASHIMOTO MITSUYO , HOTEYA SHU , YAMASHITA SATOSHI , NAKAMURA MASANORI , YAMADA AKIHIRO , MITANI TOSHIHUMI , FUJIMOTO AI , MATSUI AKIRA , ARASE YASUJI , KAISE MITSURU 
Published: June 2011

Aim:  Owing to carelessness of endoscopists, invasive procedures, such as biopsy, are sometimes carried out inadvertently in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the actual status of such careless mistakes and the efficacy of new safety measures.Methods:  A questionnaire survey was conducted in 34 endoscopists at Toranomon Hospital about experiences of careless mistakes and experiences of anxiety before and after the procedure. ‘Anxiety before procedure’ was defined as the experience of discontinuing a given procedure because endoscopists remembered that the patient was receiving antithrombotic therapy, and ‘anxiety after procedure’ was defined as the experience of feeling anxious about the status of medication after the invasive procedure. A new measure was introduced at Health Management Center in August 2009. In this measure, endoscopists directly interview each patient about the status of medication just before examination, and attach forceps valves of one of two colors depending on the status of medication. A blue forceps valve is attached for patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy, and a conventional black forceps valve is attached for patients not undergoing antithrombotic therapy. Six months after introduction, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 10 endoscopists in this center.Results:  Approximately half of endoscopists (18/34) experienced such careless mistakes. ‘Anxiety’ had been experienced by approximately 80%. After introduction, there was no report of careless mistakes and frequency of ‘anxiety’ evaluated by visual analog scale score decreased significantly.Conclusion:  This new safety measure is expected to facilitate safer gastrointestinal endoscopy in patients receiving antithrombotic therapy.
LONG‐TERM RESULTS AFTER ENDOSCOPIC DRAINAGE AND NECROSECTOMY OF SYMPTOMATIC PANCREATIC FLUID COLLECTIONS
Authors: SEEWALD STEFAN , ANG TIING LEONG , RICHTER HUGO , TENG KARL YU KIM , ZHONG YAN , GROTH STEFAN , OMAR SALEM , SOEHENDRA NIB 
Published: June 2011

Aims:  To determine the immediate and long‐term results of endoscopic drainage and necrosectomy for symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections.Methods:  The data of 80 patients with symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (mean diameter: 11.7 cm, range 3–20; pseudocysts: 24/80, abscess: 20/80, infected walled‐off necrosis: 36/80) referred for endoscopic management from October 1997 to March 2008 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:  Endoscopic drainage techniques included endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided aspiration (2/80), EUS‐guided transenteric drainage (70/80) and non‐EUS‐guided drainage across a spontaneous transenteric fistula (8/80). Endoscopic necrosectomy was carried out in 49/80 (abscesses: 14/20; infected necrosis: 35/36). Procedural complications were bleeding (12/80), perforation (7/80), portal air embolism (1/80) and Ogilvie Syndrome (1/80). Initial technical success was achieved in 78/80 (97.5%) and clinical resolution of the collections was achieved endoscopically in 67/80 (83.8%), with surgery required in 13/80 (perforation: four; endoscopically inaccessible areas: two; inadequate drainage: seven). Within 6 months five patients required surgery due to recurrent fluid collections; over a mean follow up of 31 months, surgery was required in four more patients due to recurrent collections as a consequence of underlying pancreatic duct abnormalities that could not be treated endoscopically. The long‐term success of endoscopic treatment was 58/80 (72.5%).Conclusions:  Endoscopic drainage of symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections is safe and effective, with excellent immediate and long‐term results. Endoscopic necrosectomy has a risk of serious complications. The underlying pancreatic duct abnormalities must be addressed to prevent recurrence of fluid collections.
Screening of patients with cognitive impairment when entering a rehabilitation unit
Authors: Porte Patrice , Lahmi Karine , Auque Jean‐Michel , Carnet Yves , Galliou Alain , Preux Pierre‐Marie , Labourdette Marc , Zawieja Philippe , Métais Patrick 
Published: June 2011

Aim:  The objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of an early screening of cognitive impairment in rehabilitation units, and the proportion of cognitive impairments (in particular, Alzheimer's disease) among this population.Methods:  This is a multicentric, non‐interventional, epidemiological, transverse, projective and comprehensive study of five French rehabilitation units.Results:  This study on 279 people over 75 years found 105 new cases of cognitive impairments, among which 62 cases of dementia.Conclusion:  These findings show the interest of generalizing cognitive impairments screening when entering a rehabilitation unit, in coordination with memory consultations and general practitioners. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2012; 12: 23–29.
Ammonia oxidation, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium in two US Great Basin hot springs with abundant ammonia‐oxidizing archaea
Authors: Dodsworth Jeremy A. , Hungate Bruce A. , Hedlund Brian P. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryMany thermophiles catalyse free energy‐yielding redox reactions involving nitrogenous compounds; however, little is known about these processes in natural thermal environments. Rates of ammonia oxidation, denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) were measured in source water and sediments of two ∼80°C springs in the US Great Basin. Ammonia oxidation and denitrification occurred mainly in sediments. Ammonia oxidation rates measured using 15N‐NO3‐ pool dilution ranged from 5.5 ± 0.8 to 8.6 ± 0.9 nmol N g−1 h−1 and were unaffected or only mildly stimulated by amendment with NH4Cl. Denitrification rates measured using acetylene block ranged from 15.8 ± 0.7 to 51 ± 12 nmol N g−1 h−1 and were stimulated by amendment with NO3‐ and complex organic compounds. The DNRA rate in one spring sediment measured using an 15N‐NO3‐ tracer was 315 ± 48 nmol N g−1 h−1. Both springs harboured distinct planktonic and sediment microbial communities. Close relatives of the autotrophic, ammonia‐oxidizing archaeon ‘Candidatus Nitrosocaldus yellowstonii’ represented the most abundant OTU in both spring sediments by 16S rRNA gene pyrotag analysis. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) indicated that ‘Ca. N. yellowstonii’amoA and 16S rRNA genes were present at 3.5–3.9 × 108 and 6.4–9.0 × 108 copies g−1 sediment. Potential denitrifiers included members of the Aquificales and Thermales. Thermus spp. comprised < 1% of 16S rRNA gene pyrotags in both sediments and qPCR for T. thermophilus narG revealed sediment populations of 1.3–1.7 × 106 copies g−1 sediment. These data indicate a highly active nitrogen cycle (N‐cycle) in these springs and suggest that ammonia oxidation may be a major source of energy fuelling primary production.
Consumerism and its impact on robotic‐assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors: Alkhateeb Sultan , Lawrentschuk Nathan 
Published: June 2011

Study Type – Therapy (prevalence)Level of Evidence 2bOBJECTIVES• Many experts consider that media coverage, marketing and/or direct‐to‐consumer advertising, particularly Internet‐based forms, are fundamental to the widespread adoption of robotic‐assisted prostatectomy (RARP). However, this has not been explored previously.• The primary objective of the present study was to delineate the role of media coverage and marketing of RARP on the Internet, whereas the secondary goal focused on website quality with respect to the presentation of prostatectomy.MATERIALS AND METHODS• Website content was evaluated for direct‐to‐consumer advertising after the retrieval of the first 50 websites using Google and Yahoo for each of the terms: ‘robotic prostatectomy, laparoscopic prostatectomy (LP) and open radical prostatectomy (ORP)’.• A linear regression analysis was performed for the annual number of Internet news hits over the last decade for each procedure. Website quality assessment was performed using WHO Honesty on the Internet (HON) code principles.RESULTS• Of the retrieved sites, the proportion containing direct‐to‐consumer advertising for RARP vs LP vs ORP using Google was 64% vs 14% vs 0%, respectively (P < 0.001) and, using Yahoo, 80% vs 16% vs 0%, respectively (P < 0.001).• In a linear regression analysis, the r2 values for news hits for each year over the last 10 years were 0.89, 0.74 and 0.76 for RARP, LP and ORP, respectively.• Website quality assessment found that a minority of the websites were accredited with HONcode principles, with no difference between procedure types (P > 0.05).CONCLUSIONS• Media coverage and marketing of RARP on the Internet is more widespread compared to LP and ORP.• Disturbingly, the quality of websites using any technique for prostatectomy was of poor quality when using principles of honest information presenting and such findings need to be discussed with respect to obtaining informed consent from patients.
Pine invasions: climate predicts invasion success; something else predicts failure
Authors: Nuñez Martin A. , Medley Kim A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractAim Explaining why some invasions fail while others succeed is a prevailing question in invasion biology. Different factors have been proposed to explain the success or failure of exotics. Evidence suggests that climate similarities may be crucial. We tested this using 12 species of the genusPinusthat have been widely planted and shown to be highly invasive.Pinusis among the best‐studied group of exotic species and one that has been widely introduced world‐wide, so we were able to obtain data on invasive and non‐invasive introductions (i.e. unsuccessful invasions; areas where after many decades of self‐sowing seeds there is no invasion).Location World‐wide.Methods We developed species distribution models for native ranges using a maximum entropy algorithm and projected them across the globe. We tested whether climate‐based models were able to predict both invasive and non‐invasive introductions.Results Appropriate climatic conditions seem to be required for these long‐lived species to invade because climates accurately predicted invasions. However, climate matching is necessary, but not sufficient to predict the fate of an introduction because most non‐invasive introductions were predicted to have triggered an invasion.Main conclusions Other factors, possibly including biotic components, may be the key to explaining why some introductions do not become invasions, because many areas wherePinusis not invading were predicted to be suitable for invasion based solely on climate.
The Prevalence of Migraine and Probable Migraine in a Brazilian Favela: Results of a Community Survey
Authors: Lucchetti Giancarlo , Peres Mario F. P. 
Published: June 2011

(Headache 2011;51:971‐979)Objectives.— The objectives of the present study were to estimate the 1‐year prevalence of primary headaches and the role of select socio‐demographic aspects in a representative sample of adults living in a Brazilian shanty town.Background.— Some socio‐demographic factors, such as marital status, income, education, and job status have been described in studies with contentious results. Nevertheless, few studies have assessed the prevalence of headache and the role of socio‐demographic aspects in very low‐income communities.Methods.— A cross‐sectional, population‐based study was undertaken. Door‐to‐door interviews with 383 people were conducted. Individuals were aged greater than 18 years, randomly selected from the “Paraisopolis” shanty town in São Paulo, Brazil. The degree of the association was calculated through prevalence ratios and adjusted with backward logistic regression by gender, age, and some socio‐demographic factors, including living conditions.Results.— The estimated 1‐year prevalence of headache, migraine, chronic migraine, and tension‐type headache were 47% (CI 95%: 39.5‐52.6%), 20.4% (CI 95%: 16.6‐24.9%), 8.4% (CI 95%: 6.1‐12.0%), and 6.2% (CI 95%: 3.3‐9.8%), respectively. Migraine was more prevalent in women and among employed people. No other relationship was found. The overall prevalence of migraine and chronic migraine in this very low‐income community were high and migraine was associated with gender and job status.Conclusion.— The overall prevalence of migraine and chronic migraine in this very low‐income community were high and tension‐type headache was low. A paradox was noted in the employment status and income association, one would expect higher levels of migraine in a low‐income population, but higher numbers were found in those employed vs unemployed. These findings will need to be replicated in other population samples.
Sex‐Related Differences in Animal Models of Migraine Headache
Authors: Bolay Hayrunnisa , Berman Nancy E. J. , Akcali Didem 
Published: June 2011

(Headache 2011;51:891‐904)Trigeminal nerve‐mediated pain disorders such as migraine, temporomandibular joint disorder, and classical trigeminal neuralgia are more prevalent in women than in men. Female laboratory animals also show greater responses to various nociceptive stimuli than male animals. However, current knowledge of migraine pathogenesis is based primarily on experimental studies conducted in male animals and lack of migraine research with female animals limits clinical relevance. Migraine is triggered by any alteration in the intrinsic or extrinsic milieu and women at reproductive age are continuously prone to waxing and waning effects of female sex hormones. The experimental approach to this problem is complex because the rodent estrous cycle differs from the human cycle, and because exogenous hormone replacement in ovariectomized females has its limitations. The existence of multiple estrogen receptors in the trigeminal system also presents a challenge. Estrogens do not seem to directly affect calcitonin gene‐related peptide or 5‐HT1D receptors in the trigeminal system. Nonetheless, 2 estrogen receptors activate MAPK/ERK signaling pathway that mediates nociceptive processing in trigeminal nucleus caudalis. In addition, estrogen enhances susceptibility to cortical spreading depression, the neurobiological event underlying migraine aura, which may be independent of the estrous cycle. Further studies in female animals are required to clarify mechanisms underlying sex differences with respect to fluctuating sex hormones, cortical spreading depression, and excitability of the trigeminovascular system.