bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The scenario‐based usability checklist development for home appliance design: A case study
Authors: Lee Kwang Il , Jin Beom Suk , Ji Yong Gu 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn the past decade, home appliances have been rapidly developed to satisfy the various requirements of users. Thus, there are increases in requirements to explore appropriate evaluation methods that reflect the usability of home appliances quickly and comprehensively. This study aims to develop a scenario‐based usability checklist for product designers early in the design process. In this study, the scenario‐based usability checklist consists of two parts: 1) a heuristic evaluation checklist, and 2) a scenario evaluation checklist. In heuristic evaluation checklist development, usability factors of home appliances are extracted and then coupled to user interface (UI) elements. In scenario evaluation checklist development, scenarios are developed through brainstorming by focus group interview (FGI), and then evaluation elements are extracted from previous scenarios analysis. The proposed scenario‐based usability checklists can enable designers to evaluate product design quickly and comprehensively early in the development process with users' viewpoints. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Curcumin ameliorates oxaliplatin‐induced chemoresistance in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Howells Lynne M. , Sale Stewart , Sriramareddy Sathya Neelature , Irving Glen R.B. , Jones Donald J.L. , Ottley Christopher J. , Pearson D. Graham , Mann Christopher D. , Manson Margaret M. , Berry David P. , Gescher Andreas , Steward William P. , Brown Karen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe aims of this study were to determine potency of oxaliplatin in combination with curcumin in oxaliplatin‐resistant cell lines in vitro and to evaluate the efficacy of a novel curcumin formulation (Meriva®) alone and in combination with oxaliplatin in colorectal tumor‐bearing mice, exploring relevant pharmacodynamic markers in vivo. Oxaliplatin‐resistant HCT116 p53wt and p53−/− cell lines were generated, and the effects of oxaliplatin in combination with curcumin on resistance‐ and proliferation‐associated proteins investigated. Eighty nude mice were implanted with HCT116 p53wt colorectal cancer cells before randomization into the following treatment groups: control; Meriva only; oxaliplatin only; Meriva + oxaliplatin. Tumor volume was assessed, as was the expression of Ki‐67, cleaved caspase‐3 and Notch‐1. Curcumin in combination with oxaliplatin was able to decrease proliferative capacity of oxaliplatin‐resistant p53 wildtype and p53−/− cell lines more effectively than oxaliplatin alone. It also decreased markers associated with proliferation. After 21 days of treatment in the xenograft model, the order of efficacy was combination > Meriva > oxaliplatin > control. The decrease in tumor volume when compared to vehicle‐treated animals was 53, 35 and 16%, respectively. Ki‐67 and Notch‐1 immunoreactivity was decreased by the combination when compared to vehicle‐treated animals, with cleaved caspase‐3 rising by 4.4‐fold. Meriva did not adversely affect the DNA‐platinating ability of oxaliplatin. Curcumin enhanced the cytotoxicity of oxaliplatin in models of oxaliplatin resistance in vitro. In vivo, Meriva greatly enhanced oxaliplatin efficacy, without affecting the mode of action of oxaliplatin. Addition of formulated curcumin to oxaliplatin‐based chemotherapy regimens has the potential for clinical benefit.
Human papillomavirus genotype distribution in anal cancer in France: The EDiTH V study
Authors: Abramowitz Laurent , Jacquard Anne‐Carole , Jaroud Fatiha , Haesebaert Julie , Siproudhis Laurent , Pradat Pierre , Aynaud Olivier , Leocmach Yann , Soubeyrand Benoît , Dachez Roger , Riethmuller Didier , Mougin Christiane , Pretet Jean‐Luc , Denis François 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAnal cancer is a rare cancer but its incidence is increasing. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection seems to be associated with the occurrence of most cases. The genotype‐specific prevalence of HPV in anal cancer was estimated to assess the potential benefit of HPV vaccination in France. Anal cancer histological specimens were retrospectively recruited in 2008 from 16 French centres and centrally tested for HPV genotyping using the INNO‐LiPA assay allowing the detection of 28 genotypes. Results were analyzed according to age, gender, HIV status when available and histological diagnosis. A total of 366 anal cancer cases were analyzed among which 62% were females. Mean age at diagnosis was 54.8 years in males and 66.4 years in females (p < 0.001). HPV was found in 96.7% of cases, 72% being infected by a single HPV type. Presence of at least one high‐risk genotype was observed in 91% of cases (96% in females and 83% in males; p < 0.001). HPV16 was by far the most prevalent genotype (75%), followed by HPV18, HPV52, HPV33, and HPV51 (4–6%). HPV16/18 alone or in association were found in 78% of all cases. HIV‐positive cases had a higher proportion of multiple HPV infection than HIV‐negative cases and a slightly different HPV type distribution with an under‐representation of HPV16 and an over‐representation of other types. Our results indicate that anal cancer rarely occurs in the absence of HPV and emphasize the predominant role of HPV16. The potential benefit of HPV vaccine on the occurrence of anal cancer should be further evaluated.
Cross‐signaling among phosphinositide‐3 kinase, mitogen‐activated protein kinase and sonic hedgehog pathways exists in esophageal cancer
Authors: Wei Lingyun , Xu Zhifei 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is essential for the development of tissues and organs. Hyperactive Hh signaling has been implicated in many gastric cancers, including esophageal cancer. However, the interaction between the Hh pathway and other potential signaling pathways in primary esophageal tumorigenesis has not been well investigated. In our study, we found that esophageal cancer cells expressed Hh signaling molecules and that the hyperexpression of Hh target genes was related to protein kinase B (AKT) activation but not extracellular signal‐regulated kinase activation. We analyzed the relationship between Gli1 or p‐AKT expression and clinicopathological features in esophageal carcinoma samples and found that Gli1 expression was associated with lymph vessel invasion (p = 0.016), blood vessel invasion (p = 0.006) and a poor prognosis (p = 0.003), and p‐AKT expression was associated with blood vessel invasion (p = 0.031) and a poor prognosis (p = 0.031). We also studied the relationship between Hh and phosphinositide‐3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT or mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways in both TE‐1 and TE‐10 cell lines. We found that the PI3K/AKT pathway played a critical role in Hh signaling after stimulation with epidermal growth factor, Gβγ and N‐Shh. Conversely, PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling cooperated with the Shh pathway to promote esophageal cancer cell survival and proliferation. The results from esophageal cancer cells shed light on the significance of Hh signaling in esophageal tumor formation and the crosstalk of the Hh pathway with other basic signaling pathways, which is consistent with that observed in human tumor samples.
Sorafenib reduces the percentage of tumour infiltrating regulatory T cells in renal cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Desar Ingrid M.E. , Jacobs J. (Hans) F.M. , Hulsbergen‐vandeKaa Christina A. , Oyen Wim J.G. , Mulders Peter F.A. , van der Graaf Winette T.A. , Adema Gosse J. , van Herpen Carla M.L. , de Vries I. (Jolanda) J.M. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as sorafenib are known to reduce the number of immunosuppressive regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the peripheral blood and thereby shifting the immune balance to a more stimulating setting. The effect of sorafenib on intratumoural Tregs is unclear but important for future combinations of TKIs and immunotherapy. We, therefore, evaluated the accumulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs, defined as, CD4+FoxP3+CD25highCD127low‐cells) in blood, ascites, metastases and primary tumours of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and we explored the effect of neoadjuvant treatment with sorafenib 400 mg bid on intratumoural Tregs in 11 patients with RCC in comparison to 15 nontreated RCC patients. We found that immunosuppressive Tregs specifically accumulate in primary tumour, metastases and ascites of RCC‐patients. Tumour infiltrating Tregs were functional. Neoadjuvant sorafenib treatment significantly reduced the percentage of tumour‐infiltrating Tregs (mean 17.3% vs. 28.1%, p = 0.046). Diminished Treg accumulation at the tumour site adds to explain the clinical effectiveness of sorafenib treatment. This observation may have important implications for the use of sorafenib in combination with immunotherapy in patients with RCC, since the depletion of Tregs has been associated with enhanced responses on vaccine mediated immunotherapy.
Probabilistic forecasting of output growth, inflation and the balance of trade in a GVAR framework
Authors: Greenwood‐Nimmo Matthew , Nguyen Viet Hoang , Shin Yongcheol 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYWe apply a global vector autoregressive (GVAR) model to the analysis of inflation, output growth and global imbalances among a group of 33 countries (26 regions). We account for structural instability by use of country‐specific intercept shifts, the timings of which are identified taking into account both statistical evidence and our knowledge of historic economic conditions and events. Using this model, we compute both central forecasts and scenario‐based probabilistic forecasts for a range of events of interest, including the sign and trajectory of the balance of trade, the achievement of a short‐term inflation target, and the incidence of recession and slow growth. The forecasting performance of the GVAR model in relation to the ongoing financial crisis is quite remarkable. It correctly identifies a pronounced and widespread economic contraction accompanied by a marked shift in the net trade balance of the Eurozone and Japan. Moreover, this promising out‐of‐sample forecasting performance is substantiated by a raft of statistical tests which indicate that the predictive accuracy of the GVAR model is broadly comparable to that of standard benchmark models over short horizons and superior over longer horizons. Hence we conclude that GVAR models may be a useful forecasting tool for institutions operating at both the national and supra‐national levels. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lose weight for a raise only if overweight: Marginal integration for semi‐linear panel models
Authors: Kan Kamhon , Lee Myoung‐Jae 
Published: September 2010

SUMMARYSome studies have shown that body mass index (BMI), weight (kg)/height (m)2, has a negative (or no) effect on wage. But BMI representing obesity is a tightly specified function of weight and height, and there is a room for weight given height (i.e. obesity given height) to better explain wage when the tight specification gets relaxed. In this paper, we address the question of weight effect on wage given height, employing two‐wave panel data for white females and adopting a semi‐linear model consisting of a nonparametric function of weight and height and a linear function of the other regressors. We find that there is no weight effect on wage up to the average weight, beyond which a large negative effect kicks in. Linear BMI models give the incorrect impression of the presence of a ‘wage gain’ by becoming slimmer than the average and of a ‘wage loss’ that is less than what it actually is when going above the average. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of bazedoxifene on bone mineral density, bone turnover, and safety in postmenopausal japanese women with osteoporosis
Authors: Itabashi Akira , Yoh Kousei , Chines Arkadi A , Miki Takami , Takada Masahiko , Sato Hiroshi , Gorai Itsuo , Sugimoto Toshitsugu , Mizunuma Hideki , Ochi Hiroshi , Constantine Ginger D , Ohta Hiroaki 
Published: September 2010

Abstract
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-response late phase 2 study evaluated the efficacy and safety of bazedoxifene in postmenopausal Japanese women 85 years of age or younger with osteoporosis. Eligible subjects received daily treatment with oral doses of bazedoxifene 20 or 40 mg or placebo for 2 years. Efficacy assessments included bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine and other skeletal sites, bone turnover marker levels, lipid parameters, and incidence of new fractures. Of 429 randomized subjects, 387 were evaluable for efficacy, and 423 were included in the safety analyses (mean age, 64 years). At 2 years, the mean percent changes from baseline in lumbar spine BMD were significantly greater with bazedoxifene 20 and 40 mg (2.43% and 2.74%, respectively) than with placebo (−0.65%, p &lt; .001 for both). Both bazedoxifene doses significantly improved BMD at the total hip, femoral neck, and greater trochanter compared with placebo (p &lt; .001 for all). Decreases in bone turnover markers were observed with bazedoxifene 20 and 40 mg as early as 12 weeks (p &lt; .05 for all) and were sustained throughout the study. Total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly decreased from baseline with both bazedoxifene doses compared with placebo (p &lt; .05 for all). Incidences of new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures were similar among the bazedoxifene and placebo groups. Overall, the incidence of adverse events with bazedoxifene 20 and 40 mg was similar to that with placebo. Bazedoxifene significantly improved BMD, reduced bone turnover, and was well tolerated in postmenopausal Japanese women with osteoporosis. © 2011 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Separation of cobalt and zinc from concentrated nickel sulfate solutions with Cyanex 272
Authors: Zhu Zhaowu , Pranolo Yoko , Zhang Wensheng , Cheng Chu Yong 
Published: September 2010

AbstractBACKGROUND: Removal of cobalt and zinc from concentrated nickel solutions separately using two Cyanex 272 circuits has been practised in the nickel industry. However, no detailed study has been conducted and data are scarce for further improvement. This study aims to optimise the operating conditions and to simplify the process flowsheet.RESULTS: With a synthetic solution containing 100 g L−1 Ni, 1.4 g L−1 Co and 0.8 g L−1 Zn and the organic solution containing Cyanex 272 and TBP in Shellsol D70, the operating conditions of extraction, scrubbing and stripping were optimised. McCabe–Thiele diagrams were constructed to determine the theoretical extraction and stripping stages and a flowsheet to separate cobalt and zinc from nickel was proposed. With this flowsheet, more than 99% cobalt and zinc could be separated, resulting in a pure nickel solution with less than 10 mg L−1 of cobalt and zinc.CONCLUSIONS: The current study shows that Cyanex 272 can be used to separate cobalt and zinc in one Cyanex 272 circuit effectively from concentrated nickel solutions to obtain very pure nickel solutions suitable for nickel electrowinning or hydrogen reduction. The cobalt and zinc in the loaded strip liquor were concentrated over 10 times and can be separated readily in another much smaller solvent extraction circuit. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry
Use of the spectral clustering to determine coherent precipitation regions in Turkey for the period 1929–2007
Authors: Türkeş Murat , Tatlı Hasan 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this study, we suggest the spectral clustering (SC), a hybrid clustering technique based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and K‐means for grouping features of precipitation totals of 96 stations in Turkey. Clustering process establishes an exhaustive set of occupied regimes into distinct climatic zones. Results of the SC satisfactorily represent the influences of the synoptic‐scale weather systems including such as the mid‐latitude and Mediterranean frontal cyclones, and the mid‐latitude travelling and eastern Europe high pressures in winter, sub‐tropical Azores high pressure and monsoon low in summer. Results of the SC also well display the influences of local‐scale atmospheric disturbances, and direct influences of physical geographical features of Turkey (i.e. exposure, topography, orography, land‐sea distribution, continentality and the high Anatolian peninsula) on the geographical variability and coherent distribution of the annual precipitation totals over Turkey. Finally, based on the results of the SC method employed to annual precipitation totals of 96 stations in Turkey for the period of 1929–2007, eight clusters of precipitation coherent zones are determined, namely Black Sea, Northwest Turkey, southern Aegean and western Mediterranean, Mediterranean, West Continental Central Anatolia, East Continental Central Anatolia, Continental eastern and south‐eastern Anatolia. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Estimating Palmer Drought Severity Index using a wavelet fuzzy logic model based on meteorological variables
Authors: Ozger Mehmet , Mishra Ashok K. , Singh Vijay P. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) is widely used to characterize droughts. The PDSI is based on the water balance equation over an area of concern. Calculating PDSI requires data on precipitation, temperature, soil moisture, and the previous PDSI value. While precipitation and temperature time series data are easily available for most locations, it is not always the case with soil moisture due to the lack of soil‐moisture monitoring networks. This study developed a wavelet fuzzy logic model (WFL) to overcome the problem. The proposed model employs commonly available precipitation, temperature, and large‐scale climate indices as predictors and PDSI as a predictand. The WFL model is applied to ten climate divisions in Texas and its performance is compared with conventional fuzzy logic (FL) model performance. It is shown that the WFL model outperforms the FL model. The variation of WFL model performance along with the average wavelet spectra of precipitation time series is evaluated. Results show that the WFL model is capable of predicting PDSI. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Atmospheric controls on summer ablation over Brewster Glacier, New Zealand
Authors: Gillett Sarah , Cullen Nicolas J. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractMicrometeorological data collected from an automatic weather station over a total of 85 days during the summer of 2007/2008 in the ablation zone (1770 m a.s.l.) of the Brewster Glacier, New Zealand, were used to determine the main atmospheric processes controlling the magnitude and variability of daily ablation. During the field season, ablation was measured and modelled using an energy balance model (EBM) and a degree‐day model (DDM). Calculation of the energy balance over the glacier using the EBM revealed that net radiation provided the largest source of energy for ablation (52%). The turbulent sensible heat flux was the next largest energy source (25%), followed by the turbulent latent heat flux (20%) and the rain heat flux (3%). While daily measured and modelled (EBM) ablation were both equal to approximately 40 mm w.e. d−1, the EBM was used to demonstrate that rates were highly variable, ranging from less than 10 mm w.e. d−1 to 101 mm w.e. d−1, controlled primarily by changes in synoptic conditions. Days with ablation above 60 mm w.e. d−1 accounted for almost 25% of total ablation, despite such events occurring on only 11 of the 85 days monitored. The contribution of the individual terms of the energy balance to observed air temperature is complex on Brewster Glacier, leading to a larger uncertainty in DDM ablation estimates (under prediction of total ablation by 11%). Advection of warm and moisture‐laden air over Brewster Glacier, which is not uncommon given its close proximity to the ocean, is not well accounted for by the DDM. This is because the turbulent latent heat flux and the rain heat flux are poorly correlated to air temperature but are, nonetheless, important sources of energy during large ablation events. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Different impacts of El Niño and El Niño Modoki on China rainfall in the decaying phases
Authors: Feng Juan , Chen Wen , Tam C.‐Y. , Zhou Wen 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the different impacts of El Niño and El Niño Modoki on China rainfall in their decaying phases. During spring, in the decaying year of El Niño events, there are positive rainfall anomalies south of the Yangtze River, whereas no obvious rainfall signals are found in the same season for the decaying El Niño Modoki. In the subsequent summer season, the wet signal south of the Yangtze River associated with El Niño continues, while suppressed rainfall now appears in the northern Yangtze–Huaihe River region. In contrast, the rainfall is above normal in the region from the Huaihe River to the Yellow River, and below normal in southern China during the summer of the decaying El Niño Modoki events. The distinct China rainfall anomaly is mainly attributed to the difference between the evolution and location of the anomalous western North Pacific (WNP) anti‐cyclone associated with El Niño and El Niño Modoki events. For the case of El Niño, the WNP anti‐cyclone brings plentiful moisture to southern China; meanwhile it shifts the ridge of sub‐tropical high westward in both spring and summer. These tend to induce positive rainfall anomalies in the southern Chinese region. In contrast, due to fast decaying of El Niño Modoki, the anomalous WNP anti‐cyclone becomes weak so that there are no significant rainfall anomalies in China. In summer, however, the WNP anti‐cyclone re‐invigorates possibly associated with a subsequent developing La Niña and extends more northwestward towards the inland region, compared to its El Niño counterpart. The anomalous moisture transport and sub‐tropical high activity associated with this WNP anti‐cyclone result in different summer rainfall anomalies in China. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society