bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diffuse pattern of bone marrow involvement on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with high risk cytogenetics and poor outcome in newly diagnosed, symptomatic patients with multiple myeloma: A single center experience on 228 patients
Authors: Moulopoulos Lia A. , Dimopoulos Meletios A. , Kastritis Efstathios , Christoulas Dimitrios , Gkotzamanidou Maria , Roussou Maria , Koureas Andreas , Migkou Magdalini , Gavriatopoulou Maria , Eleutherakis‐Papaiakovou Evangelos , Gika Dimitra , Koutoulidis Vasilios , Terpos Evangelos 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and specific cytogenetic abnormalities offer important prognostic information for myeloma patients. However, limited data are available about the association between cytogenetic abnormalities and MRI patterns of marrow infiltration. To address this issue, we analyzed 228 consecutive newly diagnosed, symptomatic patients who were diagnosed and treated in a single center. On bone marrow MR images, 95 (41%) patients had diffuse, 94 (41%) had focal, 35 (15%) were normal, and 4 (1.7%) patients had variegated pattern of marrow infiltration. High risk cytogenetics were more commonly observed with diffuse MRI pattern (50% vs. 31% in focal and normal patterns). Patients with diffuse MRI pattern had poorer survival compared to others and responded better to novel agent‐based therapies than to conventional chemotherapy (objective response: 88% vs. 46%, P < 0.001). There was a significant improvement of patients' survival with a diffuse MRI pattern when treated upfront with novel agents compared to conventional chemotherapy (47 vs. 24 months; P < 0.001). Diffuse MRI pattern along with ISS‐3 and high risk cytogenetics could identify a very high risk group of patients with extremely poor median survival (21 months) and an only 35% probability of 3‐year OS. Our study shows that symptomatic myeloma patients with a diffuse MRI pattern at diagnosis very often show high risk cytogenetic abnormalities and are benefiting from upfront novel agent‐based therapies. Diffuse MRI pattern in combination with high risk cytogenetics and ISS‐3 can identify a subset of myeloma patients with very poor prognosis who may need innovative treatment strategies and possibly more aggressive therapies. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Elevated pretreatment serum levels of interferon‐inducible protein‐10 (CXCL10) predict disease relapse and prognosis in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma patients
Authors: Ansell Stephen M. , Maurer Matthew J. , Ziesmer Steven C. , Slager Susan L. , Habermann Thomas M. , Link Brian K. , Witzig Thomas E. , Macon William R. , Dogan Ahmet , Cerhan James R. , Novak Anne J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractAlthough standard clinical prognostic factors predict outcome in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), predicting the outcome of patients might be further refined using biological factors. We tested whether serum cytokines could provide prognostic information in DLBCL patients. Thirty cytokines were measured in pretreatment samples from newly diagnosed DLBCL patients using a multiplex ELISA. Sixty‐nine patients treated with R‐CHOP plus epratuzumab were used in an initial cohort and 185 patients treated with standard R‐CHOP served as a subsequent validation cohort. In the initial cohort, elevated serum interleukin‐10 [IL‐10; hazard ratio (HR) = 6.6, P = 0.022], granulocyte macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (HR = 10.8, P= 0.027) and IP‐10 (interferon‐inducible protein‐10, CXCL10; HR = 3.32, P = 0.015) were associated with event‐free survival (EFS). An identical analysis of the subsequent validation cohort confirmed that elevated serum levels of IP‐10 were strongly associated with a poor EFS (HR = 2.42, P = 0.0007); and also identified interleukin‐8 (IL‐8; HR = 3.40, P = 0.00002) and interleukin‐2 receptor (IL‐2R, CD25; HR = 2.59, P = 0.0012) as significantly associated with prognosis. The prognostic significance of elevated IP‐10 remained significant after adjustment for the International Prognostic Index (EFS − HR 1.99, P = 0.009, overall survival‐HR 1.93, P = 0.021). Elevated pretreatment serum IP‐10 levels are therefore associated with an increased likelihood of disease relapse and an inferior survival in patients with DLBCL. Am. J. Hematol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Allogeneic stem cell transplantation for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: Risk stratified approach with a long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Zuckerman Tsila , Katz Tamar , Haddad Nuhad , Fineman Riva , Dann Eldad J. , Avivi Irit , Ofran Yishai , Gavish Israel , Faibish Tal , Sahar Dvora , Hertz Eti , Sabo Edmond , Reisner Yair , Rowe Jacob M. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe use of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) was almost abandoned in recent years for very effective targeted therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). However, approximately one third of patients still need another treatment including SCT. 38 consecutive CML patients were treated (most in preimatinib era) with allogeneic SCT, using partial T cell depletion (TCD) and preemptive donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), without post‐transplant graft‐versus‐host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis. Conditioning included busulfan, cyclophosphamide, antithymocytic globulin, and fludarabine followed by donor stem cell transfusion. With a median follow up of 90.5 months (1–134), 32 patients are alive. 97% engrafted. 5‐year leukemia free survival (LFS) and overall survival (OS) were 78.95% and 84.2%, respectively. All patients are in major molecular remission and 78% in complete molecular remission. Transplant‐related mortality (TRM) was 13%. Twenty‐four patients received DLI for residual disease. Acute GvHD, mostly Grades I‐II, occurred in 18% of patients post‐transplant and in 24% of patients receiving DLI. In conclusion, the risk‐adapted approach using only partial TCD and preemptive escalated dose of DLI precluded the need for immunosuppressive medications and reduced the risk of significant GvHD without compromising engraftment and long‐term disease control. Am. J. Hematol. 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Salivary gland pathology as a new finding in Treacher Collins syndrome
Authors: Østerhus Ingvild N. , Skogedal Nina , Akre Harriet , Johnsen Ulf L‐H. , Nordgarden Hilde , Åsten Pamela 
Published: May 2012

AbstractIn our clinical experience, individuals with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) present with more complaints of oral dryness and higher caries activity than seen in the general population. A literature review identified no reports of salivary gland pathology and glandular dysfunction associated with TCS. Twenty‐one Norwegian individuals with TCS underwent ultrasound examinations and salivary secretion tests of the submandibular and parotid glands. Intraglandular architecture patterns were analyzed and subsequently classified as either normal, dysplastic, or aplastic. The results were compared with salivary secretion rates and subjective reports of oral dryness. Ultrasound examination revealed pathological appearance of the salivary glands in approximately half (48%) of the individuals, with dysplasia identified in six (29%) participants and aplasia in four (19%). Almost all participants had co‐existing low salivary secretion rates. A few individuals had low salivary secretion rates despite normal appearance of the salivary gland tissue on ultrasound examination. Subjective experience of oral dryness did not correlate significantly with low salivary secretion rates. We conclude that mild to severe salivary gland pathology and dysfunction can be associated with TCS. Further investigation is needed to clarify this association. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Asymmetric polymicrogyria and periventricular nodular heterotopia due to mutation in ARX
Authors: Oegema Renske , Maat‐Kievit Anneke , Lequin Maarten H. , Schot Rachel , Nanninga‐ van den Neste Veerle M.H. , Doornbos Marianne E. , de Wit Marie C.Y. , Halley Dicky J. , Mancini Grazia M.S. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMutations in the ARX gene, at Xp22.3, cause several disorders, including infantile spasms, X‐linked lissencephaly with abnormal genitalia (XLAG), callosal agenesis and isolated intellectual disability. Genotype/phenotype studies suggested that polyalanine tract expansion is associated with non‐malformative phenotypes, while missense and nonsense mutations cause cerebral malformations, however, patients with structural normal brain and missense mutations have been reported. We report on a male patient born with cleft lip and palate who presented with infantile spasms and hemiplegia. MRI showed agenesis of corpus callosum (ACC), an interhemispheric cyst, periventricular nodular heterotopia (PVNH), and extensive left frontal polymicrogyria (PMG). Sequencing of the ARX gene in the patient identified a six basepair insertion (c.335ins6, exon 2). The insertion leads to a two‐residue expansion of the first polyalanine tract and was described previously in a family with non‐syndromic X‐linked mental retardation. To our knowledge, ARX mutation causing PMG and PVNH is unique, but the spasms and ACC are common in ARX mutations. Clinicians should be aware of the broad clinical range of ARX mutations, and further studies are necessary to investigate the association with PMG and PVNH and to identify possible modifying factors. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Growth hormone secretion and its effect on height in pediatric patients with different genotypes of Prader–Willi syndrome
Authors: Oto Yuji , Obata Kazuo , Matsubara Keiko , Kozu Yuki , Tsuchiya Takayoshi , Sakazume Satoru , Yoshino Atsunori , Murakami Nobuyuki , Ogata Tsutomu , Nagai Toshiro 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThere have been multiple reports regarding the growth hormone (GH) secretion in patients with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS). However, none have compared GH secretion in children with deletion group to those with maternal uniparental disomy (UPD). We evaluated the GH secretion in pediatric patients with PWS. Seventy‐six patients with a deletion (n = 55) or UPD (n = 21) were studied. The secretion of GH by insulin stimulation in the patients with UPD (3.6 ± 2.2 ng/ml) was significantly lower than those with deletions (peak GH level: 11.1 ± 8.6 ng/ml; P = 0.0013). We also compared the response to GH replacement therapy. Yearly improvements in height standard deviation score (SDS) were similar in the two groups (first year SDS: 0.47 ± 0.47, deletion; 0.68 ± 0.26, UPD; P = 0.14). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Magnetic‐induced coil‐globule transition for polyelectrolytes
Authors: Yuan Bin , He Linli , Zhang Linxi 
Published: May 2012

AbstractThe effects of an applied magnetic field on the system composed of polyelectrolytes (PEs) and magnetic nanoparticles oppositely charged are studied by means of Monte Carlo method within the framework of “single‐site bond fluctuation model.” For a certain concentration of chains, the coil‐globule transition can be induced by the applied magnetic field. The mean‐square end‐to‐end distance and gyration radius as well as the shape factor of PE chains are used to characterize the conformational transitions. The statistical analysis of the system energy demonstrates this significant physical process. The role of entropy‐energy balance is well‐understood for different chain lengths, and a typical phase‐transition anomaly concerned with specific heat curve is observed. Under a certain magnetic field, the PE chains will regularly collapse due to the enough adsorption of magnetic particles. The magnetic particles exhibit peculiar spatial distribution at high magnetic fields: the string‐like arrangement along the magnetic field and the square lattice‐like arrangement perpendicular to the magnetic field. The applied magnetic field has a great influence on the length of string‐like structures formed by nanoparticles. This investigation may cast light on the collapse of PEs and provide a promising method for producing new nanocomposites. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Novel polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane‐substituted dendritic polyester tougheners for linear thermoplastic polyurethane
Authors: Spoljaric Steven , Shanks Robert A. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractBoltorn hyperbranched aliphatic polyesters were functionalized with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) and incorporated into linear thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). Increasing POSS‐functionalized Boltorn concentration led to an increase in agglomerate size and frequency, due to interactions between POSS molecules. The Boltorn dendrimer primarily influenced the morphology of the blends. Blends displayed enhanced thermal stability, due to restrictions on chain segmental motions imparted by the Boltorn and thermal shielding by POSS. Increasing the blend concentration resulted in higher tensile modulus and strength, while ductility decreased due to increased rigidity. Creep deformation decreased and permanent deformation increased with increased Boltorn content, while E′, E″, and Tg values all increased. TPU blended with higher generation functionalized‐Boltorn displayed superior thermal and mechanical properties than those containing lower generation dendrimer, due to enhanced interaction and restrictions on TPU chain segments. Both the Boltorn and POSS contributed to material properties. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Acetylated microfibrillated cellulose as a toughening agent in poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Bulota Mindaugas , Kreitsmann Kätlin , Hughes Mark , Paltakari Jouni 
Published: May 2012

AbstractComposites from poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and acetylated microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) were prepared by a solvent casting technique. MFC, mechanically isolated from never‐dried bleached birch Kraft pulp, was used as a reinforcement. The acetylation reaction was carried out at 105°C in toluene and proved to be an effective way of increasing the dispersion of MFC in a nonpolar solution of PLA in chloroform. The maximum acetyl content (10.3%) was achieved after 30 min of reaction time. This could be translated to a degree of substitution (DS) of 0.43. The acetylation was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. MFC with a higher DS exhibited a more pronounced effect on the properties of PLA. Mechanical testing showed that Young's modulus increased by approximately 70% and the tensile strength increased by approximately 60% at a fiber weight fraction of 20%. At an MFC loading of 10 wt %, the strain at break and toughness, expressed as the work of fracture, increased by around 500%. The Young's modulus increased by approximately 15%, whereas the tensile strength remained the same. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2012
Sequential homo‐interpenetrating polymer networks of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate): Synthesis, characterization, and calcium uptake
Authors: Chirila Traian V. , George Karina A. , Abdul Ghafor Wael A. , Pas Steven J. , Hill Anita J. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractFormation of homo‐interpenetrating polymer networks (homo‐IPNs) of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) and their capacity for calcification are investigated. A sequential method is established to generate IPNs of rank I and II, containing two or three crosslinked networks. Although the networks are chemically identical, thermo‐mechanical analysis (DSC, DMA) suggests some phase separation. Calcification of PHEMA hydrogels, thought to be controlled by the free volume pathways accessible to calcium ions, is investigated by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) and experimental calcium deposition. While calcium uptake is reduced in IPNs, the size of the free volume elements estimated by PALS remain constant at radii of 2.6 Å (dry) and 2.9 Å (hydrated), both in PHEMA and IPNs. The reduction of calcium uptake cannot be therefore associated with the size reduction of the angstrom‐size free volume elements detectable by PALS, and is attributed to the effect of chain packing on pores too large to be detected by PALS. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Low methanol permeable sulfonated poly(ether imide)/sulfonated multiwalled carbon nanotube membrane for direct methanol fuel cell
Authors: Heo Yusun , Yun Sungjin , Im Hyungu , Kim Jooheon 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA novel organic/inorganic composite membrane synthesized with sulfonated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (s‐MWNTs) and sulfonated polyetherimide (s‐PEI) is prepared for use in a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). A solution casting method was used to prepare s‐MWNT/s‐PEI membranes (SPEI membranes) with various s‐MWNT contents. This composite membrane showed not only low methanol crossover and water swelling but also enhanced mechanical properties. The IEC and proton conductivity of SPEI membranes were increased by incrementing their s‐MWNT content. This is because the number of sulfonic acid groups (SO3−) increases as s‐MWNTs are added. The water uptake of SPEI membranes increased as s‐MWNT content was increased due to the hydrogen bonded interaction between sulfonic groups and carboxylic groups in s‐MWNTs and water molecules. However, the water uptake of SPEI membranes is remarkably low, compared with Nafion membranes. The methanol permeability of the SPEI membranes (8.8 × 10−8 cm2 s−1) in this study was also lower than that of the Nafion membrane. Therefore, SPEI membranes were expected to have potential applications in DMFCs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Periodic crazing on polymethylmethacrylate film by localized bending
Authors: Naito Keishi , Takeno Akiyoshi , Miwa Minoru 
Published: May 2012

AbstractCrazing was induced on a polymethylmethacrylate film using an original, low‐cost, simple process in which the film was bent using a wedge‐shaped plate (referred to herein as a crazing edge, or an edge). In this process, stress concentration and stress opening occur spontaneously by feeding the film past the edge, and crazing is periodically induced (periodic craze). The craze interval, width, and depth depend on the localized bending conditions at the tip of the edge. Two different types of crazing mechanism were suggested. It was assumed that the films were either crazed by bending along the tip of the edge or by bending according to the curvature induced by the three‐point bending system. The calculated maximum stress determined by the three‐point bending process and the experimental values of the craze interval and width showed similar tendencies. These results suggested that the craze depth could be determined using this bending process and known mechanical properties and crazing conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Preparation of micrometer‐sized, multifunctional capsule particles for cosmetic by microsuspension polymerization utilizing the self‐assembling of phase separated polymer method
Authors: Nakai Shiro , Akiyoshi Mina , Okubo Masayoshi 
Published: May 2012

AbstractMicrometer‐sized polymer particles with encapsulated ultraviolet (UV) absorbent, fluorescent agent, and blue pigment were successfully prepared by microsuspension polymerization utilizing the Self‐assembling of Phase Separated Polymer method. The particles were characterized by optical microscope and particle size distribution analysis, and they were evaluated on their usefulness for cosmetic using UV spectrometry, colorimetry, VISIA™ Evolution, and bioassay. The capsule particles had multifunctional properties, which are very attractive in the cosmetic field, especially in whitening, brightening, the improvement of face‐texture, and less noticeable pores in face, as well as the protection from UV. Moreover, bioactivities of the particles under the UV irradiation, which were examined with the films prepared from capsule components, revealed not only makeup effect but also the activation of human epidermal keratinocytes. The results suggest the importance of blue light in the field of cosmetics. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Synthesis of a novel chelating resin functionalized with β‐dicarbonyl units from a new monomer and its use for selective separation and preconcentration of some trace metals in water samples
Authors: Üngören Şevket Hakan , Kartal Şenol 
Published: May 2012

AbstractA new chelating resin, poly(4‐ethoxy‐2,4‐dioxobutyl 2‐methylacrylate), functionalized with β‐dicarbonyl units derived from a newly synthesized monomer was prepared and characterized with molecular spectroscopic methods. The synthesized polymer was used for the separation and preconcentration of Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Zn(II), and Pb(II) ions before their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The effects of different parameters, such as pH of sample solution, sample and eluent flow rates, volumes of sample and eluent, concentration and type of eluent, and matrix ions on quantitative recovery of the analytes were evaluated for optimal experimental conditions. The adsorption capacities of the chelating resin for cobalt(II) and nickel(II) were found to be 24.2 and 19.8 mg g−1, respectively. Validation studies for the proposed method were performed using three certified reference materials, and the results obtained were agreed with those of the certified values. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of water samples. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Semicontinuous heterophase copolymerization of vinyl acetate and butyl acrylate
Authors: Ovando‐Medina Víctor M. , Díaz‐Flores Paola E. , Peralta René D. , Mendizábal Eduardo , Cortez‐Mazatan Gladis Y. 
Published: May 2012

AbstractVinyl acetate (VAc) and butyl acrylate (BuA) were copolymerized in heterophase by a semicontinuous process (unseeded) and compared with the seeded semicontinuous microemulsion polymerization of the same monomers. A mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and poly(ethylene oxide) dodecyl ether (Brij‐35®) were used as surfactants. The effects of monomer addition rate (Ra) and surfactants concentrations (4 or 1 wt % with respect to the initial mixture of reaction) on polymer and latex properties were studied. High copolymer content latexes (24–36 wt %) with average particle diameters (Dp) from 38 to 55 nm and relatively narrow particle size distributions, high polymerization rates, weight ratios of polymer to surfactant (P/S) from 13.3 to 32.8 were obtained. The number‐average molecular weights (Mn) were between 96,000 and 188,000 g/mol. Homogeneous copolymer compositions were obtained throughout the reaction for both, seeded and unseeded processes, which is not possible by the usual batch microemulsion process. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Doped polyaniline in Brønsted acid ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethyl(sulfonyl)]imide/bis[trifluoromethyl(sulfonyl)]imide
Authors: Margaretta Evan , Olmeda Chris , Yu Lei 
Published: May 2012

AbstractWe report the preparation and characterization of doped polyaniline (PANI) in an ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bis[trifluoromethyl(sulfonyl)]imide (BMImTFSI) medium. Aniline monomer was chemically polymerized via oxidation with KMnO4 in an ionic liquid BMImTFSI solution containing a monoprotic Brønsted acid bis[trifluoromethyl(sulfonyl)]imide (HTFSI). HTFSI is the source of proton that doped PANI. The identity of PANI as the reaction product was confirmed with both ultraviolet–visible and Fourier transform infrared spectra. Unlike syntheses in aqueous media, the doped PANI did not readily precipitate from the ionic liquid; a transparent and stable green solution‐like liquid dispersion was obtained (dispersion is used to refer the product hereafter). PANI precipitated when dedoped with organic bases such as triethylamine. The PANI precipitate can be redoped by HCl and the so‐doped PANI has conductivity of about 2.0 × 10−2 S/cm. The liquid dispersion of doped PANI in the ionic liquid can be diluted by many organic solvents or other ionic liquids to diluted “solutions.” © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013