bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Faces in Motion: Age‐Related Changes in Eyewitness Identification Performance in Simultaneous, Sequential, and Elimination Video Lineups
Authors: Humphries Joyce E. , Holliday Robyn E. , Flowe Heather D. 
Published: June 2011

SummaryThe identification performance of children (5 to 6 years, n = 180; 9 to 10 years, n = 180) and adults (n = 180) was examined using three types of video lineup procedures: simultaneous, sequential and elimination. Participants viewed a videotaped staged theft and then attempted to identify the culprit from a target‐present or target‐absent video lineup. Correct identifications in simultaneous and elimination video lineups did not differ as a function of age. The sequential video lineup was associated with a reduction in correct identifications for both child groups compared with adults. With respect to the target‐absent lineup condition, the video elimination lineup was associated with an increase in correct rejection rates for adult witnesses. Age was also significantly associated with accuracy. Differences in correct rejection rates were observed between adults and children and also between the two child groups. Implications and future directions are discussed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are biofilms associated with an inflammatory response in chronic rhinosinusitis?
Authors: Wood Andrew James , Fraser John , Swift Simon , Amirapu Satya , Douglas Richard George 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Bacterial biofilms have been identified on the sinonasal mucosa of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) but also on control samples. Their role in the disease pathogenesis is unproven. The objective of this study was to further evaluate the role of biofilms in CRS by assessing whether they are associated with an inflammatory response.Methods:Mucosal samples were collected from 18 patients with CRS and 7 normal subjects. Bacteria on the mucosal surface were identified by Gram stain. Immune cells were identified by Giemsa stain and immunohistochemistry (IHC). The number of local immune cells was recorded beneath areas of the mucosal surface both colonized with and free from bacteria.Results:In CRS patients, biofilms that were directly opposed to a disrupted epithelial layer were associated with more T lymphocytes (p = 0.01), and more macrophages (p = 0.003) than areas of mucosa without bacteria present. Biofilms associated with but not directly opposed to the epithelium were not associated with raised numbers of immune cells.Conclusion:Not all surface bacterial colonies are associated with a particular inflammatory response in CRS. Biofilms adherent to a disrupted epithelial layer are associated with higher numbers of immune cells and therefore appear to have a role in the pathogenesis of CRS. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Medical therapy vs surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: a prospective, multi‐institutional study
Authors: Smith Timothy L. , Kern Robert C. , Palmer James N. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Chandra Rakesh K. , Chiu Alexander G. , Conley David , Mace Jess C. , Fu Rongwei F. , Stankiewicz James A. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Evidence evaluating the comparative effectiveness of various treatments for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is insufficient. This study evaluates outcomes in patients who failed initial medical management and elect a subsequent treatment option, either continued medical management or endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) coupled with continued medical management.Methods:Adult subjects were prospectively enrolled into a nonrandomized, multi‐institutional cohort. Baseline characteristics and objective clinical findings were collected. Primary outcome measures included 2 disease‐specific quality‐of‐life (QOL) instruments: the Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI) and Chronic Sinusitis Survey (CSS). Bivariate and multivariate analyses compared QOL improvement by treatment type, as well as differences in antibiotic and oral steroid utilization and work/school productivity.Results:Subjects (n = 180) were enrolled between March 2009 and April 2010. Patients electing medical management (n = 55) reported significantly better baseline QOL on 1 instrument relative to surgery patients (CSS symptom [p = 0.019] and total scores [p = 0.010]). Surgical patients (n = 75) reported significantly more improvement than medically managed patients (RSDI, p = 0.015; CSS, p < 0.001). Surgical patients reported significantly fewer oral antibiotics (p = 0.002), oral steroids (p = 0.042), and missed days of work/school (p < 0.001) following ESS. After adjustment, more frequent improvement was found within the surgical cohort as measured by the RSDI physical (78.7% vs 56.4%; odds ratio [OR], 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–9.87; p = 0.027), CSS symptom (80.6% vs 57.4%; OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.06–6.66; p = 0.038), medication (49.3% vs 29.6%; OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 0.96–5.64; p = 0.060), and total scores (76.4% vs 53.7%; OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 0.86–5.59; p = 0.099).Conclusion:Patients electing ESS experienced significantly higher levels of improvement in several outcomes. Further investigation with a larger cohort is warranted as treatment selection bias may confound the magnitude of improvement experienced with each treatment. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
The impact of osteitis on disease severity measures and quality of life outcomes in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Bhandarkar Naveen D. , Mace Jess C. , Smith Timothy L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:The significance of osteitis in the management of recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has yet to be clearly understood and clinical outcomes data for these patients is lacking. Osteitis has been characterized by inflammatory infiltrate, osteoneogenesis, and bony sclerosis with remodeling. In this study we sought to determine if osteitis negatively impacts quality‐of‐life (QOL) or clinical outcomes following endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).Methods:A total of 190 adult patients with CRS were prospectively enrolled. Osteitis was characterized by quantifiable bony thickening on sinus computed tomography (CT). Baseline measures and postoperative outcomes were evaluated using endoscopy exam, olfactory testing, and 2 validated disease‐specific QOL surveys: the Chronic Sinusitis Survey (CSS) and Rhinosinusitis Disability Index (RSDI). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate differences between patients with and without osteitis.Results:Patients with osteitis (n = 79) had higher prevalence of nasal polyposis and prior ESS (both p < 0.001) and significantly worse baseline CT, endoscopy, and olfactory scores (all p < 0.001) than patients without osteitis. There was no difference in baseline QOL scores between patients with and without osteitis. Following ESS, there were significant improvements in all QOL measures in both groups; however, patients without osteitis were more likely to exhibit clinically meaningful improvement on physical RSDI subscale scores, independent of other clinical factors (79.0% vs 62.3%; odds ratio [OR]: 3.85, p = 0.011).Conclusion:Osteitis is associated with worse baseline measures of disease severity and inflammation. Our data suggest that whereas patients with osteitis improve after ESS, the presence of osteitis is associated with a reduced chance of improvement in some outcome measures. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Modified endoscopic medial maxillectomy for recalcitrant chronic maxillary sinusitis
Authors: Wang Eric W. , Gullung Jessica L. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:Modified endoscopic medial maxillectomy (MEMM) is an accepted alternative treatment for benign sinonasal neoplasms. Its use as definitive treatment for inflammatory disease of the maxillary sinus has yet to be adequately explored. We evaluate the efficacy of MEMM for chronic maxillary sinusitis and attempt to identify factors that predispose patients for failure.Methods:A retrospective chart review of 46 patients who underwent a total of 61 medial maxillectomies for recurrent chronic maxillary sinusitis from 2003 to 2010 was performed. Data was collected regarding patient demographics, prior therapies, and exudative cultures.Results:Complete resolution of disease was achieved in 37 of 46 patients (80%). Four patients required additional topical medical management prior to resolution of their inflammatory disease. When the culture was negative, resolution of disease was seen in 90% of patient. However if P. aeruginosa was cultured, the rate of disease resolution dropped to 75%. Similarly if S. aureus was culture, only 56% of patient demonstrated complete disease resolution. Of patients who had previous Caldwell‐Luc procedures, 73% were successfully salvaged. No revision surgeries were required. The mean follow‐up time was 35 months.Conclusion:MEMM is an effective and acceptable alternative treatment for chronic maxillary sinusitis refractory to standard medical treatment and endoscopic surgical treatment. Cultures positive for P. aeruginosa and S. aureus may be associated with worse outcomes. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Update on bacterial detection methods in chronic rhinosinusitis: implications for clinicians and research scientists
Authors: Feazel Leah M. , Frank Daniel N. , Ramakrishnan Vijay R. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:The exact etiologic role of microbes in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remains unclear, due in part to inconsistencies and difficulties of microbiological detection. However, methodological advances now permit comprehensive analysis of microbial communities of the sinonasal region. This review summarizes recent developments in microbial detection technologies as exemplified by their application in the study of CRS.Recent Findings:A variety of novel methods for specimen collection, microbial culture, cultivar identification, and microscopic analysis of CRS specimens have been used in recent studies. Moreover, the advent of culture‐independent methodologies based on the detection of microbial nucleic acids has greatly expanded the range of microorganisms, including fastidious species, that can be assayed. Many techniques use biochemical interactions to identify nucleic acids as markers for specific species.Summary:Technological innovations in microbiology have radically improved the sensitivity and accuracy of microbial detection and identification in CRS specimens. Further application of these microbiological tools to CRS research should provide greater insight into the roles of microbial pathogens and commensals in sinus health and disease. Ultimately, translation of research results into clinical diagnostic technology will improve patient outcomes in this chronic disease. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Desensitizing mice to ovalbumin through subcutaneous microsphere immunotherapy (SMITH)
Authors: Reisacher William R. , Liotta Dara , Yazdi Sara , Putnam David 
Published: June 2011

AbstractBackground:We investigated whether subcutaneously‐injected, biodegradable, poly (D,L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic) acid (PLGA) microspheres loaded with ovalbumin (OVA) were able to down‐regulate the T helper 2 (TH2) response in mice that were sensitized to this protein, and whether this response was dose‐dependent.Methods:PLGA microspheres were created using a double emulsion technique. Female BALB/c mice were sensitized to OVA and then assigned to receive subcutaneous microsphere immunotherapy (SMITH) using either blank microspheres (n = 4), low‐dose OVA‐loaded microspheres (n = 5), or high‐dose OVA‐loaded microspheres (n = 5). Antigen‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum was measured at day 0 (prior to sensitization), day 14 (prior to immunization), and days 28 and 42 (after immunization).Results:All mice were successfully sensitized to OVA. In the group receiving blank microspheres, there was a continual rise in antigen‐specific IgE from Day 14 to Day 42, which was statistically significant. In the group receiving low‐dose OVA‐loaded microspheres, there was a statistically significant drop in the antigen‐specific IgE levels from Day 14 to Day 28, but overall no significant change in IgE level when looking at the Day 14 to Day 42 interval. A similar pattern of antibody level changes was seen in the group receiving high‐dose OVA‐loaded microspheres, but the decrease from Day 14 to Day 28 was not statistically significant.Conclusion:Our data suggest that SMITH has the ability to downregulate the production of antigen‐specific IgE in a food allergy model, and this observation in our study was not dose‐dependent. Its potential use in the treatment of IgE‐mediated allergic disease warrants further investigation. © 2011 ARS‐AAOA, LLC.
Selektive Reduktion von Carbonsäurederivaten durch katalytische Hydrosilylierung
Authors: Addis Daniele , Das Shoubhik , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIm letzten Jahrzehnt wurde eine Reihe nützlicher katalytischer Reduktionen von Carbonsäurederivaten mit Hydrosilanen entwickelt. Mit der richtigen Kombination von Silan und Katalysator sind dabei Chemoselektivitäten möglich, die mit herkömmlichen metallorganischen Hydriden oder Hydrierungskatalysatoren nicht erreicht werden können. Zum Beispiel können Amide und Ester in der Gegenwart von Ketonen oder sogar Aldehyden selektiv reduziert werden. Wir glauben, dass katalytische Hydrosilylierungen künftig häufiger in komplexen organischen Synthesen eingesetzt werden, da die Syntheseprozeduren einfach auszuführen sind und die Reaktivität des Silans präzise abgestimmt werden kann. Bisher wurde das Synthesepotential dieser Prozesse eindeutig unterschätzt. Sie kommen sogar für industrielle Anwendungen in Frage, da preiswerte und leicht verfügbare Silane, wie z. B. Polymethylhydrosiloxan, auch in größerem Maßstab eingesetzt werden können.
Selective Reduction of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives by Catalytic Hydrosilylation
Authors: Addis Daniele , Das Shoubhik , Junge Kathrin , Beller Matthias 
Published: June 2011

AbstractIn the last decade, an increasing number of useful catalytic reductions of carboxylic acid derivatives with hydrosilanes have been developed. Notably, the combination of an appropriate silane and catalyst enables unprecedented chemoselectivity that is not possible with traditional organometallic hydrides or hydrogenation catalysts. For example, amides and esters can be reduced preferentially in the presence of ketones or even aldehydes. We believe that catalytic hydrosilylations will be used more often in the future in challenging organic syntheses, as the reaction procedures are straightforward, and the reactivity of the silane can be fine‐tuned. So far, the synthetic potential of these processes has clearly been underestimated. They even hold promise for industrial applications, as inexpensive and readily available silanes, such as polymethylhydrosiloxane, offer useful possibilities on a larger scale.
Direct data‐driven control of linear time‐delay systems
Authors: Formentin S. , Corno M. , Savaresi S. M. , Del Re L. 
Published: June 2011

AbstractThis paper presents an extension of the Virtual Reference Feedback Tuning (VRFT) methodology dedicated to linear time‐delay systems with known delay and unknown dynamics. The standard VRFT is not well suited for systems with dominant time‐delay as it yields high order controllers. The proposed direct approach, relying on a Smith Predictor structure, guarantees the same level of performance as the standard VRFT but with lower order controllers. The joint direct data‐driven design of the controller and the predictor is facilitated by the introduction of an ad‐hoc optimization initialization. Effectiveness and robustness to uncertainty in the time‐delay estimation are shown in a vehicle dynamics control problem.Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Expression of biologically active human insulin‐like growth factor 1 in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds via oleosin fusion technology
Authors: Li Wei , Li Linguo , Li Kunlan , Lin Juan , Sun Xiaofen , Tang Kexuan 
Published: June 2011

AbstractNovel protein expression in plant‐based systems has become an important tool in producing and studying therapeutic proteins. Among many plant‐based systems developed so far, oleosin fusion technology is one of the most cost‐effective and convenient methods. In this study, an important therapeutic protein, human insulin‐like growth factor 1 (hIGF‐1), was expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds via this technology. The plant bias codon usage‐optimized hIGF‐1 gene was fused to the C‐terminal of A. thaliana 18.5 kDa oleosin gene, and the fusion gene driven by an oleosin promoter was transferred into A. thaliana ecotype Col‐0. The accumulation of oleosin–hIGF‐1 fusion protein in transgenic seeds was up to 0.75% of total seed protein (TSP) and the expression level of hIGF‐1 was 0.17% of the TSP, which was eight times higher than previously reported using other plant‐based hIGF‐1 production systems. The biological activity of the hIGF‐1 as an oleosin–hIGF‐1 fusion protein in vitro was demonstrated by using human SH‐SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.
Maternal use of hot tub and major structural birth defects
Authors: Duong Hao T. , Shahrukh Hashmi Syed , Ramadhani Tunu , Canfield Mark A. , Scheuerle Angela , Kim Waller Dorothy ,   the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
Published: June 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDPrevious studies on the associations between hot tub use during early pregnancy and birth defects have found an increased risk of neural tube defects, but no increase in risk of cardiac defects. No previous studies have assessed the association between maternal hot tub use and other types of noncardiac birth defects.METHODSWe included mothers of infants with birth defects (n = 10,825) and mothers of infants without birth defects (n = 6795) who participated in the multisite National Birth Defects Prevention Study between 1997 and 2005. Odds ratios were adjusted for maternal ethnicity and education.RESULTSAnalysis of 17 birth defects revealed that mothers of infants with gastroschisis and anencephaly were significantly more likely to report any use of a hot tub in early pregnancy: adjusted odd ratios were 1.54 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10–2.17) and 1.68 (95% CI, 1.05–2.70), respectively. Among the mothers who reported using a hot tub more than once in the exposure period and remaining in it for more than 30 min, we found significantly elevated odds ratios (≥2.0) for esophageal atresia, omphalocele, and gastroschisis and a nonsignificant elevation (≥2.0) for spina bifida and anencephaly.CONCLUSIONSThese results suggest that women who use hot tubs more than once during early pregnancy and for long periods of time have an increased risk of certain birth defect phenotypes, particularly anencephaly and gastroschisis. Because of multiple statistical tests and small sample sizes, we cannot exclude the possibility that some of these elevated associations may be due to chance. Birth Defects Research (Part A), 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cognitive and physiological responses in humans exposed to a TETRA base station signal in relation to perceived electromagnetic hypersensitivity
Authors: Wallace Denise , Eltiti Stacy , Ridgewell Anna , Garner Kelly , Russo Riccardo , Sepulveda Francisco , Walker Stuart , Quinlan Terence , Dudley Sandra , Maung Sithu , Deeble Roger , Fox Elaine 
Published: June 2011

AbstractTerrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA) technology (“Airwave”) has led to public concern because of its potential interference with electrical activity in the brain. The present study is the first to examine whether acute exposure to a TETRA base station signal has an impact on cognitive functioning and physiological responses. Participants were exposed to a 420 MHz TETRA signal at a power flux density of 10 mW/m2 as well as sham (no signal) under double‐blind conditions. Fifty‐one people who reported a perceived sensitivity to electromagnetic fields as well as 132 controls participated in a double‐blind provocation study. Forty‐eight sensitive and 132 control participants completed all three sessions. Measures of short‐term memory, working memory, and attention were administered while physiological responses (blood volume pulse, heart rate, skin conductance) were monitored. After applying exclusion criteria based on task performance for each aforementioned cognitive measure, data were analyzed for 36, 43, and 48 sensitive participants for these respective tasks and, likewise, 107,125, and 129 controls. We observed no differences in cognitive performance between sham and TETRA exposure in either group; physiological response also did not differ between the exposure conditions. These findings are similar to previous double‐blind studies with other mobile phone signals (900–2100 MHz), which could not establish any clear evidence that mobile phone signals affect health or cognitive function. Bioelectromagnetics 33:23–39, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of ineffective oesophageal motility and wrap type on dysphagia after laparoscopic fundoplication
Authors: Broeders J A , Sportel I G , Jamieson G G , Nijjar R S , Granchi N , Myers J C , Thompson S K 
Published: June 2011

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic 360° fundoplication is the most common operation for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, but is associated with postoperative dysphagia in some patients. Patients with ineffective oesophageal motility may have a higher risk of developing postoperative dysphagia, but this remains unclear.

Methods
From 1991 to 2010, 2040 patients underwent primary laparoscopic fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and met the study inclusion criteria; 343 had a 90°, 498 a 180° and 1199 a 360° fundoplication. Primary peristalsis and distal contraction amplitude during oesophageal manometry were determined for 1354 patients. Postoperative dysphagia scores (range 0–45) were recorded at 3 and 12 months, then annually. Oesophageal dilatations and/or reoperations for dysphagia were recorded.

Results
Preoperative oesophageal motility did not influence postoperative dysphagia scores, the need for dilatation and/or reoperation up to 6 years. Three-month dysphagia scores were lower after 90° and 180° compared with 360° fundoplication (mean(s.e.m.) 8·0(0·6) and 9·8(0·5) respectively versus 11·9(0·4); P &lt; 0·001 and P = 0·003), but these differences diminished after 6 years of follow-up. The incidence of dilatation and reoperation for dysphagia was lower after 90° (2·6 and 0·6 per cent respectively) and 180° (4·4 and 1·0 per cent) fundoplications than with a 360° wrap (9·8 and 6·8 per cent; both P &lt; 0·001 versus 90° and 180° groups).

Conclusion
Tailoring the degree of fundoplication according to preoperative oesophageal motility by standard manometric parameters has no long-term impact on postoperative dysphagia. There is, however, a proportionate increase in short-term dysphagia scores with increasing degree of wrap, and a corresponding proportionate increase in dilatations and reoperations for dysphagia. These differences in dysphagia scores diminish with time.