bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of high‐risk human papillomavirus testing in patients with low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions
Authors: Levi Angelique W. , Harigopal Malini , Hui Pei , Schofield Kevin , Chhieng David C. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe role of testing for high‐risk human papillomavirus (HR HPV) when triaging women with a cytologic diagnosis of low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) has not been well established. The objective of the current study was to correlate the status of HR HPV with the incidence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2 and more severe lesions (CIN 2+) on tissue follow‐up in women with LSIL.METHODSA total of 1046 women with LSIL and HR HPV testing were identified in the database of a large teaching hospital within a 12‐month period. HR HPV testing was performed using the Hybrid Capture 2 assay with 1 relative light unit/cutoff as the cutoff.RESULTSOf the 1046 women with LSIL and concurrent HR HPV testing, 82.3% tested positive for HR HPV, 91.1% of whom were women aged < 30 years and 73% of whom were women aged ≥ 30 years (P < .001). Cytologic and/or histologic follow‐up was available in 979 (93.6%) women; 25.5% had negative follow‐up, 62.5% were found to have CIN 1 lesions, and 12.0% had CIN 2+ lesions. The sensitivity and negative predictive value of HR HPV status as a marker of CIN 2+ lesions were 98.3% and 98.9%, respectively. The colposcopy rate was 73.3% and 96.9% for women aged ≥ 30 years and women aged < 30 years, respectively (P = .01).CONCLUSIONSUsing 1 RLU/CO as the cutoff value, HR HPV testing was found to be highly sensitive for detecting CIN 2+ lesions in women with LSIL. The colposcopy rate was significantly lower in women aged ≥ 30 years compared with women aged < 30 years. Triaging with HR HPV testing may be indicated in women aged ≥ 30 years with LSIL cytology, but not in women aged < 30 years. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society.
Energy Conservative Solutions to a One‐Dimensional Full Variational Wave System
Authors: Zhang Ping , Zheng Yuxi 
Published: July 2011

AbstractWe establish the existence of a conservative weak solution to the initial value problem for a complete system of variational wave equations modeling liquid crystals in one space dimension, in which the director has two degrees of freedom. The solutions exist globally in time and singularities may develop in finite time, but the energy of the solutions is conserved across singular times. The method for existence also yields continuous dependence of solutions on the initial data. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Atomic Ensemble Effects in Electrocatalysis: The Site‐Knockout Strategy
Authors: Cuesta Angel 
Published: July 2011

AbstractDuring an electrocatalytic reaction bonds are broken and formed, and this requires that the reactants, the intermediates formed at the elementary reaction steps, and the products interact with a given number of surface atoms of the catalyst. Modifying the number of groups with an adequate number of surface atoms in a suitable geometric arrangement for a determined reaction step to proceed may affect the activity and/or selectivity of the catalyst. Although separating purely geometric atomic ensemble effects from electronic effects is not straightforward, the insights extracted from a detailed investigation of atomic ensemble effects can have a profound impact in the determination of electrocatalytic reaction mechanisms and in the design of more active and more selective electrocatalysts. This Minireview illustrates, using cyanide‐modified Pt(111) electrodes as an archetype, how eliminating only one kind of site from the surface (the site‐knockout strategy) by means of a regular array of inert adsorbates can be used to successfully study atomic ensemble effects in electrocatalysis. The possible consequences for the design of more efficient and more selective electrocatalysts are also commented on.
cis–trans Isomerisation of Substituted Aromatic Imines: A Comparative Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Luo Ying , Utecht Manuel , Dokić Jadranka , Korchak Sergey , Vieth Hans‐Martin , Haag Rainer , Saalfrank Peter 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThe cis–trans isomerisation of N‐benzylideneaniline (NBA) and derivatives containing a central CN bond has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. Eight different NBA molecules in three different solvents were irradiated to enforce a photochemical trans${{\mathop \rightarrow \limits ^{h\nu }_{}}}$cis isomerisation and the kinetics of the thermal backreaction cis${{\mathop \rightarrow \limits ^{\Delta }_{}}}$trans were determined by NMR spectroscopy measurements in the temperature range between 193 and 288 K. Theoretical calculations using density functional theory and Eyring transition‐state theory were carried out for 12 different NBA species in the gas phase and three different solvents to compute thermal isomerisation rates of the thermal back reaction. While the computed absolute rates are too large, they reveal and explain experimental trends. Time‐dependent density functional theory provides optical spectra for vertical transitions and excitation energy differences between trans and cis forms. Together with isomerisation rates, the latter can be used to identify “optimal switches” with good photochromicity and reasonable thermal stability.
Carbon Nanotube Mass Production: Principles and Processes
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Huang Jia‐Qi , Zhao Meng‐Qiang , Qian Wei‐Zhong , Wei Fei 
Published: July 2011

AbstractOur society requires new materials for a sustainable future, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are among the most important advanced materials. This Review describes the state‐of‐the‐art of CNT synthesis, with a focus on their mass‐production in industry. At the nanoscale, the production of CNTs involves the self‐assembly of carbon atoms into a one‐dimensional tubular structure. We describe how this synthesis can be achieved on the macroscopic scale in processes akin to the continuous tonne‐scale mass production of chemical products in the modern chemical industry. Our overview includes discussions on processing methods for high‐purity CNTs, and the handling of heat and mass transfer problems. Manufacturing strategies for agglomerated and aligned single‐/multiwalled CNTs are used as examples of the engineering science of CNT production, which includes an understanding of their growth mechanism, agglomeration mechanism, reactor design, and process intensification. We aim to provide guidelines for the production and commercialization of CNTs. Although CNTs can now be produced on the tonne scale, knowledge of the growth mechanism at the atomic scale, the relationship between CNT structure and application, and scale‐up of the production of CNTs with specific chirality are still inadequate. A multidisciplinary approach is a prerequisite for the sustainable development of the CNT industry.
Commentary on ‘Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for autism spectrum disorders (ASD)’
Authors: Reiersen Angela M. , Handen Benjamin 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Williams K, Wheeler DM, Silove N, Hazell P. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 8. Art. No.: CD004677. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD004677.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Vuorio A, Kuoppala J, Kovanen PT, Humphries SE, Strandberg T, Tonstad S, Gylling H. Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD006401. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD006401.pub2. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia’
Authors: O'Gorman Clodagh S. M. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Vuorio A, Kuoppala J, Kovanen PT, Humphries SE, Strandberg T, Tonstad S, Gylling H. Statins for children with familial hypercholesterolemia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD006401. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD006401.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Non‐nutritive sucking for promoting physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Pinelli J, Symington AJ. Non‐nutritive sucking for promoting physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001071. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858. CD001071.pub2. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentaries on ‘Non‐nutritive sucking for promoting physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants’
Authors: Bingham Peter Matthias , Mathur Amit , Nyqvist Kerstin H. , Ewald Uwe 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThese are commentaries on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Pinelli J, Symington AJ. Non‐nutritive sucking for promoting physiologic stability and nutrition in preterm infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2005, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD001071. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD001071.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain‐Barré syndrome’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Hughes RAC, Swan AV, van Doorn PA. Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain‐Barré syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD002063. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD002063.pub4. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Commentary on ‘Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain‐Barré syndrome’
Authors: Winer J. B. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a commentary on a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Hughes RAC, Swan AV, van Doorn PA. Intravenous immunoglobulin for Guillain‐Barré syndrome. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD002063. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD002063.pub4.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Summary of ‘Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy’
Authors: Editorial Office Evidence‐Based Child Health 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis is a summary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Jones L, Watling RM, Wilkins S, Pizer B. Nutritional support in children and young people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD003298. DOI: 10.1002/14 651 858.CD003298.pub2. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Caring for a Difficult Patient with Sore Throat
Authors: Moja Lorenzo , Bruschettini Matteo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThis Dr Cochrane clinical vignette is based on upon an Overview of Cochrane Reviews that was published in a previous issue of Evidence‐Based Child Health: Foisy M, Martin B, Domino F, Becker, L A. The Cochrane Library and the Treatment of Sore Throat in Children and Adolescents: An Overview of Reviews. Evid‐Based Child Health 2011, 6: 6(3): 810–823; and inspired by: Marcy SM. When a parent insists on antibiotics for a virus. Am Fam Physician 1999; 59(3): 687–688.Dr Cochrane is a unique self‐learning experience—the integration of Cochrane evidence with a quirky fictional story and multiple‐choice questions provides readers with the opportunity to explore and understand the applicability of a Cochrane Review or Overview in a new way.In this series of fictional clinical vignettes, Dr Cochrane travels across time from the past century to the present day, to solve clinical problems using evidence from Cochrane Reviews. Read the associated article and then test your knowledge with five multiple‐choice questions. You can find the answers to the questions on page 1316. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Caring for a Difficult Patient with Sore Throat
Authors: Moja Lorenzo , Bruschettini Matteo 
Published: July 2011

AbstractThese are the answers to the Dr Cochrane vignette on pages 1024–1026. How did you get on? Register your score at ebch@wiley.com Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration
Fragility analysis of low‐rise masonry in‐filled reinforced concrete buildings by a coefficient‐based spectral acceleration method
Authors: Lee Chien‐Liang , Su Ray Kai Leung 
Published: July 2011

SUMMARYThis study presents a seismic fragility analysis of low‐rise masonry in‐filled (MI) reinforced concrete (RC) buildings using a proposed coefficient‐based spectral acceleration method. The coefficient‐based method, without requiring any complicated finite element analysis, is a simplified procedure for assessing the spectral acceleration demand (or capacity) of buildings subjected to earthquakes. This paper begins with a calibration of the proposed coefficient‐based method for low‐rise MI RC buildings using published experimental results obtained from shaking table tests. Spectral acceleration‐based fragility curves for low‐rise MI RC buildings under various inter‐story drift limits are then constructed using the calibrated coefficient‐based method. A comparison of the experimental and estimated results indicates that the simplified coefficient‐based method can provide good approximations of the spectral accelerations at peak loads of low‐rise MI RC buildings, if a proper set of drift‐related factors and initial fundamental periods of structures are used. Moreover, the fragility curves constructed using the coefficient‐based method can provide a satisfactory vulnerability evaluation for low‐rise MI RC buildings under a given performance level. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Occurrence and endocrine effects of agrichemicals in a small Nebraska, USA, watershed
Authors: Sellin Jeffries Marlo K , Abbott Kelty I , Cowman Tim , Kolok Alan S 
Published: July 2011

Abstract
The Bow Creek watershed (Nebraska, USA) is dominated by the production of beef cattle and row crops; therefore, surface waters are likely to receive runoff containing steroid hormones and pesticides. The goal of the present study was to determine the occurrence and endocrine effects of agrichemicals in this watershed. To accomplish this, four sites within the watershed—Pearl, Bow, and East Bow Creeks and a site at the confluence with the Missouri River—were selected. In June of 2008, polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) were deployed at each site, whereas in June of 2009, water and sediment samples were collected. Caged fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were deployed at all of the selected sites in both years. Analysis of these samples revealed that steroid hormones were not present; however, pesticides were present in POCIS extracts and water samples. In general, the amount of pesticides was higher in POCIS retrieved from Pearl and Bow Creeks than in POCIS from East Bow Creek and the confluence. This variation between sites appeared to be related to row crop density, as row crop land cover surrounding the Pearl and Bow Creek sites was higher than that surrounding the East Bow and confluence sites. To determine the endocrine effects of agrichemicals within this watershed, the hepatic mRNA expression of vitellogenin and estrogen receptor α (ERα), as well as the gonadal expression of P450 aromatase A, was determined for the caged minnows. Females deployed at East Bow Creek and the confluence experienced decreases in the expression of ERα, suggesting that these females had been defeminized; however, this defeminization could not be attributed to any of the pesticides detected at these sites. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2011;30:2253–2260. © 2011 SETAC
Two‐year effects of an interdisciplinary intervention on recovery following hip fracture in older Taiwanese with cognitive impairment
Authors: Shyu Yea‐Ing L. , Tsai Wen‐Che , Chen Min‐Chi , Liang Jersey , Cheng Huey‐Shinn , Wu Chi‐Chuan , Su Juin‐Yih , Chou Shih‐Wei 
Published: July 2011

ObjectiveThis article aims to evaluate the long‐term effects of an interdisciplinary intervention program on cognitively impaired older persons after hip fracture in Taiwan.MethodsOf 160 subjects randomly assigned to control (n = 81) and intervention (n = 79) groups, 24 (29.6%) and 27 (34.2%) were cognitively impaired in the control and intervention groups, respectively, and outcomes were followed for 2 years after discharge.ResultsAmong cognitively impaired subjects, more in the intervention group recovered their previous walking ability (odds ratio [OR] = 3.49; confidence interval [CI] = 1.64 to 7.42), activities of daily life performance (β = 18.59; p = 0.0002), and more were readmitted to the hospital (OR = 4.44, CI = 1.53 to 12.89) than those in the control group during the first 2 years following discharge. Among subjects without cognitive impairment, more in the intervention group recovered their previous walking ability (OR = 2.6; CI = 1.33 to 5.07), had fewer falls (OR = 0.47; CI = 0.25 to 0.86), and made fewer emergency room visits (OR = 0.33; CI = 0.11 to 0.97) during the first 2 years following discharge than those in the control group.ConclusionsCognitively impaired individuals benefited from our interdisciplinary intervention by improving their walking ability and physical function during the first 2 years following discharge. Specific strategies on fall prevention following hip fracture need to be further developed for cognitively impaired individuals. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Urinary acylcarnitines are altered in human kidney cancer
Authors: Ganti Sheila , Taylor Sandra L. , Kim Kyoungmi , Hoppel Charles L. , Guo Lining , Yang Joy , Evans Christopher , Weiss Robert H. 
Published: July 2011

AbstractKidney cancer often diagnosed at late stages when treatment options are severely limited. Thus, greater understanding of tumor metabolism leading ultimately to novel approaches to diagnosis is needed. Our laboratory has been utilizing metabolomics to evaluate compounds appearing in kidney cancer patients' biofluids at concentrations different from control patients. Here, we collected urine samples from kidney cancer patients and analyzed them by chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Once normalized to control for urinary concentration, samples were analyzed by two independent laboratories. After technical validation, we now show differential urinary concentrations of several acylcarnitines as a function of both cancer status and kidney cancer grade, with most acylcarnitines being increased in the urine of cancer patients and in those patients with high cancer grades. This finding was validated in a mouse xenograft model of human kidney cancer. Biological validation shows carbon chain length‐dependent effects of the acylcarnitines on cytotoxicity in vitro, and higher chain length acylcarnitines demonstrated inhibitory effects on NF‐κB activation, suggesting an immune modulatory effect of these compounds. Thus, acylcarnitines in the kidney cancer urine may reflect alterations in metabolism, cell component synthesis and/or immune surveillance, and may help explain the profound chemotherapy resistance seen with this cancer. This study shows for the first time the value of a novel class of metabolites which may lead to new therapeutic approaches for cancer and may prove useful in cancer biomarker studies. Furthermore, these findings open up a new area of investigation into the metabolic basis of kidney cancer.
Biomarkers predicting development of metachronous gastric cancer after endoscopic resection: an analysis of molecular pathology of Helicobacter pylori eradication
Authors: Watari Jiro , Moriichi , Kentaro , Tanabe , Hiroki , Kashima Shin , Nomura Yoshiki , Fujiya Mikihiro , Tomita Toshihiko , Oshima Tadayuki , Fukui Hirokazu , Miwa Hiroto , Das Kiron M. , Kohgo Yutaka 
Published: July 2011

AbstractMetachronous gastric cancer (MGC) after endoscopic resection (ER) of gastric cancer still occurs to some degree even after Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) treatment. We evaluated whether two biomarkers related to carcinogenesis expressed in intestinal metaplasia (IM) become predictors for MGC development after eradication. We performed a hospital‐based, case–control study of 75 patients, including 50 mucosal cancer patients who had undergone ER (Group DYS), and 25 age‐ and sex‐matched chronic gastritis patients for whom H. pylori had been successfully eradicated (control). Additionally, Group DYS patients were divided into two groups: 25 successfully H. pylori‐eradicated (eradicated group) and 25 un‐eradicated patients (persistent group). All patients were followed for 1 year. We analyzed microsatellite instability (MSI) and immunoperoxidase assays using a monoclonal antibody for the colonic phenotype (Das‐1). Both MSI and Das‐1 reactivity in IM were significantly higher in Group DYS than in the control (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). MSI and Das‐1 reactivity were strong and independent predictors for gastric cancer (OR = 7.09, 95% CI 1.27–39.6, p = 0.03 for MSI and OR = 4.96, 95% CI 1.64–15.0, p = 0.005 for Das‐1 reactivity). The incidence of MSI tended to decrease in the eradicated group (p = 0.07), but not in the persistent group. The Das‐1 immunoreactivity in IM also declined in both the eradicated group and the control. Interestingly, all MGCs after ER were positive for MSI or Das‐1 reactivity. MSI or Das‐1 reactivity in IM strongly predicts the development of MGC. Patients in whom these biomarkers persist after eradication may therefore have a high risk of developing MGC.