bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rare dorsal ossified meningioma in an elderly female: a case report and comprehensive review of literature
Authors: Taha Mahmoud M , Arnaout Mohamed M , Alkheder Ahmad , Aziz Jr Khaled Abdel , Taha Mazen M , Abualkhair Khaled Alsayed 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Meningiomas, typically benign neoplasms originating in the central nervous system, display a predilection for female patients. Although they predominantly manifest within the cranial vault, ~25% of primary spinal neoplasms are attributed to these tumors. The occurrence of ossification in spinal meningiomas is an uncommon phenomenon, with scant documentation in medical literature. In this report, we detail the clinical journey of an octogenarian female patient afflicted with an ossified spinal meningioma, which was associated with left lower extremity weakness and reduced sensation. Diagnostic imaging, specifically magnetic resonance imaging, identified a mass exerting pressure on the spinal cord, necessitating its surgical removal. Subsequent histopathological examinations corroborated the initial diagnosis. Postoperative magnetic resonance imaging scans confirmed the absence of residual tumor tissue and ruled out recurrence. A comprehensive review of existing literature yielded 47 analogous cases, with a majority involving elderly female patients and the thoracic region of the spine being the most common site. The standard therapeutic approach is surgical intervention, which is often complicated by the tumor’s tenacious adherence to surrounding structures and the potential for ensuing operative complications. This case highlights the exceptional nature of ossified spinal meningiomas and emphasizes the critical need for meticulous surgical management.
Giant hemorrhagic pancreatic pseudocyst with suspected cystic pancreatic tumor: a case report
Authors: Nakatake Richi , Kitade Hiroaki , Ishizaki Morihiko , Yanagida Hidesuke , Okuyama Tetsuya , Uemura Yoshiko , Sekimoto Mitsugu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Pancreatic pseudocysts are surrounded by a non-epithelialized wall confined to the pancreas and localized to the pancreatic tissue or adjacent pancreatic cavity. In contrast, pancreatic cystic tumors occur less frequently than solid lesions and are often detected incidentally on imaging. Regarding the qualitative diagnosis of pancreatic pseudocysts, it is important to differentiate them from neoplastic cysts. We report the case of a 74-year-old woman with a giant hemorrhagic pancreatic pseudocyst and a suspected cystic pancreatic tumor, wherein distal pancreatectomy and splenectomy with lymph node dissection were performed. The patient was discharged 11 days postsurgery, with a good postoperative course. There are no reports of giant pancreatic pseudocysts larger than 10 cm with hematoma contents. The presumptive diagnosis of pseudocysts based on imaging alone may be difficult. Surgical resection is considered when it is difficult to distinguish a giant pancreatic pseudocyst from a cystic neoplasm.
Green light is similarly effective in promoting plant biomass as red/blue light: a meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Yunke , Bian Zhonghua , Marcelis Leo F M , Heuvelink Ep , Yang Qichang , Kaiser Elias 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Whether green light promotes or represses plant growth is an unresolved but important question, warranting a global meta-analysis of published data. We collected 136 datasets from 48 publications on 17 crop species, and calculated the green light effect for a range of plant traits. For each trait the effect was calculated as the ratio between the trait value attained under a red/blue background light plus green, divided by the value attained under the background light only, both having the same light intensity. Generally, green light strongly increased intrinsic water use efficiency (15%), the shoot-to-root ratio (13%), and decreased stomatal conductance (−15%). Moreover, green light increased fresh weight to a small extent (4%), but not plant dry weight, resulting in a reduced dry matter content (−2%). Hence, green light is similarly effective at increasing biomass as red and blue light. Green light also showed to increase leaf area (7%) and specific leaf area (4%; i.e. thinner leaves). Furthermore, effects of green light were species-dependent, with positive effects on biomass for lettuce and microgreens, and negative effects in basil and tomato. Our data suggest that future research should focus on the role of green light in modulating water loss, its putative role as a shade signal, and the causes for its species-specific effects on crop biomass.
Preliminary Evidence for the Role of Fungi, Specifically Chaetomium, in Gulf War Illness
Authors: Cherwonogrodzky John W , Kou Tzuyung D , Rennie Robert R 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
For veterans of the Persian Gulf War (1990-1991), dozens of possible causes for their illness have been proposed. We hypothesize that all may be correct. These may have weakened the immunity of the military personnel to fungal pathogens in the soil. These microbes, in turn, may have afflicted the veterans either directly by infection or indirectly by toxins.

Materials and Methods
In 1990, the military (source confidential) provided the first author with soil samples from the Persian Gulf to determine if there were biothreats present. His team found that per gram of soil, there had few bacteria but many fungi. The National Centre for Human Mycotic Diseases (Edmonton) identified some of these fungi. They sent to the first author reference cultures of 12 pathogenic fungal species isolated from Canadian patients. Supernatant antigens of these fungi were used to assess if control and Gulf War Illness (GWI) patient sera had IgG antibodies against them.

Results
Human sera were tested on pathogenic fungal supernatant antigens. Controls had low IgG titers against all 12 fungal sources. Gulf War Illness (GWI) patient sera had low IgG titers against 11 of the 12 fungal antigens. However, 12 of 28 GWI patient sera (43%, P ≤ .0002 compared to controls) had high IgG titers against one fungus, Chaetomium, supernatant antigen.

Conclusions
We suggest that the military personnel in the Persian Gulf War (1990-1991) may have had their immunity weakened from a variety of causes. The role of pathogenic fungi and/or their supernatant antigens or toxins as a contributing factor to GWI should be further investigated.
A Unique Emotional Surgery: Removal of Unexploded Ordnance in a Patient With Vascular Injury
Authors: Özdem Tayfun , Demirkiran Tuna , Hacizade Elgin , Yazici Mehmet Fatih , Kubat Emre , Karabacak Kubilay 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Cases of embedded unexploded ordnance are extremely rare and pose a risk to bystanders and health providers. A patient arrived at the Role 2 medical facility in the Turkish army, whose left arm was amputated due to a terrorist attack and major hemorrhages had been halted by clamping of the left subclavian artery and vein. A piece of metal wire running from the lateral chest wall was detected as an unexploded ordnance piece and it was removed surgically. In these challenging cases, safety principles should be acknowledged. Highlighting the basic precautions is important for similar scenarios and increases awareness of the utmost importance.
Increased Positive Selection in Highly Recombining Genes Does not Necessarily Reflect an Evolutionary Advantage of Recombination
Authors: Joseph Julien 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
It is commonly thought that the long-term advantage of meiotic recombination is to dissipate genetic linkage, allowing natural selection to act independently on different loci. It is thus theoretically expected that genes with higher recombination rates evolve under more effective selection. On the other hand, recombination is often associated with GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC), which theoretically interferes with selection by promoting the fixation of deleterious GC alleles. To test these predictions, several studies assessed whether selection was more effective in highly recombining genes (due to dissipation of genetic linkage) or less effective (due to gBGC), assuming a fixed distribution of fitness effects (DFE) for all genes. In this study, I directly derive the DFE from a gene’s evolutionary history (shaped by mutation, selection, drift, and gBGC) under empirical fitness landscapes. I show that genes that have experienced high levels of gBGC are less fit and thus have more opportunities for beneficial mutations. Only a small decrease in the genome-wide intensity of gBGC leads to the fixation of these beneficial mutations, particularly in highly recombining genes. This results in increased positive selection in highly recombining genes that is not caused by more effective selection. Additionally, I show that the death of a recombination hotspot can lead to a higher dN/dS than its birth, but with substitution patterns biased towards AT, and only at selected positions. This shows that controlling for a substitution bias towards GC is therefore not sufficient to rule out the contribution of gBGC to signatures of accelerated evolution. Finally, although gBGC does not affect the fixation probability of GC-conservative mutations, I show that by altering the DFE, gBGC can also significantly affect nonsynonymous GC-conservative substitution patterns.
Survival after resection of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors: Introducing and validating a novel type-specific prognostic model
Authors: Acem Ibtissam , Steyerberg Ewout W , Spreafico Marta , Grünhagen Dirk J , Callegaro Dario , Spinner Robert J , Pendleton Courtney , Coert J Henk , Miceli Rosalba , Abruzzese Giulia , Flucke Uta E , Slooff Willem-Bart M , van Dalen Thijs , Been Lukas B , Bonenkamp Han J , Anten Monique H M E , Broen Martinus P G , Bemelmans Marc H A , Bramer Jos A M , Schaap Gerard R , Kievit Arthur J , van der Hage Jos , van Houdt Winan J , van de Sande Michiel A J , Gronchi Alessandro , Verhoef Cornelis , Martin Enrico 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to assess the performance of currently available risk calculators in a cohort of patients with malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) and to create an MPNST-specific prognostic model including type-specific predictors for overall survival (OS).

Methods
This is a retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients with MPNST from 11 secondary or tertiary centers in The Netherlands, Italy and the United States of America. All patients diagnosed with primary MPNST who underwent macroscopically complete surgical resection from 2000 to 2019 were included in this study. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard model for OS was estimated with prespecified predictors (age, grade, size, NF-1 status, triton status, depth, tumor location, and surgical margin). Model performance was assessed for the Sarculator and PERSARC calculators by examining discrimination (C-index) and calibration (calibration plots and observed-expected statistic; O/E-statistic). Internal–external cross-validation by different regions was performed to evaluate the generalizability of the model.

Results
A total of 507 patients with primary MPNSTs were included from 11 centers in 7 regions. During follow-up (median 8.7 years), 211 patients died. The C-index was 0.60 (95% CI 0.53–0.67) for both Sarculator and PERSARC. The MPNST-specific model had a pooled C-index of 0.69 (95%CI 0.65–0.73) at validation, with adequate discrimination and calibration across regions.

Conclusions
The MPNST-specific MONACO model can be used to predict 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS in patients with primary MPNST who underwent macroscopically complete surgical resection. Further validation may refine the model to inform patients and physicians on prognosis and support them in shared decision-making.
Fe-N co-doped carbon nanofibers with Fe3C decoration for water activation induced oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Li Shaoxiong , Xing Gengyu , Zhao Sheng , Peng Jian , Zhao Lingfei , Hu Feng , Li Linlin , Wang Jiazhao , Ramakrishna Seeram , Peng Shengjie 
Published: June 2024

ABSTRACT
Proton activity at the electrified interface is central to the kinetics of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions in electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Here, we construct an efficient Fe3C water activation site in Fe-N co-doped carbon nanofibers (Fe3C-Fe1/CNT) using an electrospinning-pyrolysis-etching strategy to improve interfacial hydrogen bonding interactions with oxygen intermediates during ORR. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory studies identified delocalized electrons as key to water activation kinetics. Specifically, the strong electronic perturbation of the Fe–N4 sites by Fe3C disrupts the symmetric electron density distribution, allowing more free electrons to activate the dissociation of interfacial water, thereby promoting hydrogen bond formation. This process ultimately controls the PCET kinetics for enhanced ORR. The Fe3C-Fe1/CNT catalyst demonstrates a half-wave potential of 0.83 V in acidic media and 0.91 V in alkaline media, along with strong performance in H2-O2 fuel cells and Al-air batteries.
Longitudinal patient-reported outcomes on genotype-guided irinotecan dosing: feasibility and clinical relevance
Authors: Sorah Jonathan D , Deal Allison M , Stein Sophia I , Jonsson Mattias , Innocenti Federico , Turk Anita , Boles Jeremiah C , Irvin William , Basch Ethan M , Sanoff Hanna K , Wood William A 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Standard investigator-based adverse events (AE) assessment is via CTCAE for clinical trials. However, including the patient perspective through PRO (patient-reported outcomes) enhances clinicians’ understanding of patient toxicity and fosters early detection of AEs. We assessed longitudinal integration of PRO-CTCAE within clinical workflow in a phase II trial.

Materials and methods
As a sub-study in a phase II trial of genotype-directed irinotecan dosing evaluating efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer receiving FOLFIRI and bevacizumab, patients reported on 13 AEs generating a PRO-CTCAE form. The primary objective was to estimate forms completed by patients and clinicians at least 80% of time. Secondary objectives were estimating concordance and time to first score of specific symptoms between patient and clinician pairs.

Results
Feasibility of longitudinal PRO-CTCAE integration was met as 96% of patients and clinician-patient pairs completed at least 80% of PRO-CTCAE forms available to them with 79% achieving 100% completion. Concordance between patient and clinician reporting a severe symptom was 73% with 24 disconcordant pairs, 21 involved patients who reported a severe symptom that the clinician did not. Although protocol-mandated dose reductions were guided by CTCAE not PRO-CTCAE responses, the median time to dose reduction of 2.53 months, and the time-to-event curve closely approximated time to patient-reported toxicity.

Conclusion
Longitudinal integration of PRO-CTCAE paired CTCAE proved feasible. Compared to clinicians, patients reported severe symptoms more frequently and earlier. Patient-reported toxicity more closely aligned with dose decreases indicating incorporation into routine clinical practice may enhance early detection of toxicity improving patient safety and quality of life.
Dopamine-derived pigments in nature: identification of decarboxybetalains in Amaranthaceae species
Authors: Martínez-Rodríguez Pedro , Henarejos-Escudero Paula , Pagán-López Diego José , Hernández-García Samanta , Guerrero-Rubio María Alejandra , Gómez-Pando Luz Rayda , Gandía-Herrero Fernando 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
A unique family of decarboxylated betalains derived from dopamine has recently been discovered. Due to the lack of chemical standards, the existence and distribution of decarboxylated betalains in nature remain unknown. Traditional betalains contain L-dihydroxyphenylalanine as the starting point of the biosynthetic pathway and betalamic acid as a structural and functional unit, while the recently discovered betalains rely on dopamine. Here, 30 dopamine-derived betalains were biotechnologically produced, purified, and characterized, creating an unprecedented library to explore their properties and presence in nature. The maximum absorbance wavelengths for the pigments ranged between 461 and 485 nm. HPLC analysis showed retention times between 0.6 and 2.2 min higher than traditional betalains due to their higher hydrophobicity. The presence of decarboxybetalains in nature was screened using HPLC-ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry in various species of the Amaranthaceae family: beetroot (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris), Swiss chard (B. vulgaris var. cicla), celosia (Celosia argentea var. plumosa), and quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa). The latter species had the highest content of decarboxybetalains (28 compounds in its POEQ-143 variety). Twenty-nine pigments were found distributed among the different analyzed plant sources. The abundance of decarboxybetalains demonstrated in this work highlights these pigments as an important family of phytochemicals in the order Caryophyllales.
Foreign-language effects in cross-cultural behavioral research: Evidence from the Tanzanian Hadza
Authors: Stibbard-Hawkes Duncan N E , Abarbanell Linda , Mabulla Ibrahim A , Endeko Endeko S , Legare Cristine H , Apicella Coren L 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Behavioral research in traditional subsistence populations is often conducted in a non-native language. Recent studies show that non-native language-use systematically influences behavior, including in widely used methodologies. However, such studies are largely conducted in rich, industrialized societies, using at least one European language. This study expands sample diversity. We presented four standard tasks—a “dictator” game, two sacrificial dilemmas, a wager task, and five Likert-risk tolerance measures—to 129 Hadza participants. We randomly varied study languages—Hadzane and Kiswahili—between participants. We report a moderate impact of study language on wager decisions, alongside a substantial effect on dilemma decisions and responses to Likert-assessments of risk. As expected, non-native languages fostered utilitarian choices in sacrificial dilemmas. Unlike previous studies, non-native-language-use decreased risk preference in wager and Likert-tasks. We consider alternative explanatory mechanisms to account for this reversal, including linguistic relativity and cultural context. Given the strength of the effects reported here, we recommend, where possible, that future cross-cultural research should be conducted in participants’ first language.
Breaking down statin myopathy: understanding the self-limited and autoimmune subtypes
Authors: Wright Joel , Christopher-Stine Lisa 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Statins are widely used crucial drugs for the primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Although generally well tolerated, statin intolerance can unfortunately limit statin use, with statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) being the most common side effect associated with its discontinuation. Statin intolerance is an inability to tolerate a dose of statin required to sufficiently reduce an individual’s cardiovascular risk, limiting the effective treatment of patients at risk of or with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Statin myopathy is a broad entity encompassing self-limited/toxic and autoimmune aetiologies. As statins are a mainstay of therapy in those with or at risk for CVD and offer a mortality benefit, it is critical to determine whether one’s symptoms are truly statin-associated before discontinuing the drug. This review article aims to provide an update on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, evaluation and management of statin myopathy and to elucidate key differences between autoimmune and self-limited types.
Cone beam CT doses in radiotherapy patient positioning in Finland—prostate treatments
Authors: Siiskonen Teemu , Alenius Saara , Seppälä Tiina , Tikkanen Joonas , Nadhum Miia , Ojala Jarkko 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Imaging parameters, frequencies and resulting patient organ doses in treatments of prostate cancer were assessed in Finnish radiotherapy centres. Based on a questionnaire to the clinics, Monte Carlo method was used to estimate organ doses in International Commission on Radiological Protection standard phantom for prostate, bladder, rectum and femoral head. The results show that doses from cone beam computed tomography imaging have reduced compared to earlier studies and are between 3.6 and 34.5 mGy per image for the above-mentioned organs and for normal sized patients. There still is room for further optimization of the patient exposure, as many centres use the default imaging parameters, and the length of the imaged region may not be optimal for the purpose.
Associations between longitudinal changes in sleep stages and risk of cognitive decline in older men
Authors: Wang Qianwen , Stone Katie L , Lu Zhengan , Tian Shanshan , Zheng Yongbo , Zhao Bingxin , Bao Yanping , Shi Le , Lu Lin 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Study Objectives
To investigate the relationships between longitudinal changes in sleep stages and the risk of cognitive decline in older men.

Methods
This study included 978 community-dwelling older men who participated in the first (2003–2005) and second (2009–2012) sleep ancillary study visits of the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. We examined the longitudinal changes in sleep stages at the initial and follow-up visits, and the association with concurrent clinically relevant cognitive decline during the 6.5-year follow-up.

Results
Men with low to moderate (quartile 2, Q2) and moderate increase (Q3) in N1 sleep percentage had a reduced risk of cognitive decline on the modified mini-mental state examination compared to those with a substantial increase (Q4) in N1 sleep percentage. Additionally, men who experienced a low to moderate (Q2) increase in N1 sleep percentage had a lower risk of cognitive decline on the Trails B compared with men in the reference group (Q4). Furthermore, men with the most pronounced reduction (Q1) in N2 sleep percentage had a significantly higher risk of cognitive decline on the Trails B compared to those in the reference group (Q4). No significant association was found between changes in N3 and rapid eye movement sleep and the risk of cognitive decline.

Conclusions
Our results suggested that a relatively lower increase in N1 sleep showed a reduced risk of cognitive decline. However, a pronounced decrease in N2 sleep was associated with concurrent cognitive decline. These findings may help identify older men at risk of clinically relevant cognitive decline.
Long noncoding RNA UCA1 promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via regulating PARP1 ubiquitination
Authors: Shu Tao , Li Jiachun , Gu Juyuan , Wu Liang , Xie Peng , Zhang Dongfeng , Li Wen , Wan Junming , Zheng Xiaozuo 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) possess the potential to differentiate into cartilage cells. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) has been confirmed to improve the chondrogenic differentiation of marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Herein, we further investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of these processes. The expression of UCA1 was positively associated with chondrogenic differentiation and the knockdown of UCA1 has been shown to attenuate the expression of chondrogenic markers. RNA pull-down assay and RNA immunoprecipitation showed that UCA1 could directly bind to PARP1 protein. UCA1 could improve PARP1 protein via facilitating USP9X-mediated PARP1 deubiquitination. Then these processes stimulated the NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, PARP1 was declined in UCA1 knockdown cells, and silencing of PARP1 could diminish the increasing effects of UCA1 on the chondrogenic differentiation from MSCs and signaling pathway activation. Collectively, these outcomes suggest that UCA1 could act as a mediator of PARP1 protein ubiquitination and develop the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs.