bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Granulin‐epithelin precursor binds directly to ADAMTS‐7 and ADAMTS‐12 and inhibits their degradation of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
Authors: Guo Fengjin , Lai Yongjie , Tian Qingyun , Lin Edward A. , Kong Li , Liu Chuanju 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine 1) whether a protein interaction network exists between granulin‐epithelin precursor (GEP), ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP); 2) whether GEP interferes with the interactions between ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 metalloproteinases and COMP substrate, including the cleavage of COMP; 3) whether GEP affects tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)–mediated induction of ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 expression and COMP degradation; and 4) whether GEP levels are altered during the progression of arthritis.MethodsYeast two‐hybrid, in vitro glutathione S‐transferase pull‐down, and coimmunoprecipitation assays were used to 1) examine the interactions between GEP, ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12, and COMP, and 2) map the binding sites required for the interactions between GEP and ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12. Immunofluorescence cell staining was performed to visualize the subcellular localization of GEP and ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12. An in vitro digestion assay was employed to determine whether GEP inhibits ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12–mediated digestion of COMP. The role of GEP in inhibiting TNFα‐induced ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 expression and COMP degradation in cartilage explants was also analyzed.ResultsGEP bound directly to ADAMTS‐7 and ADAMTS‐12 in vitro and in chondrocytes, and the 4 C‐terminal thrombospondin motifs of ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 and each granulin unit of GEP mediated their interactions. Additionally, GEP colocalized with ADAMTS‐7 and ADAMTS‐12 on the cell surface of chondrocytes. More importantly, GEP inhibited COMP degradation by ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 in a dose‐dependent manner through 1) competitive inhibition through direct protein–protein interactions with ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 and COMP, and 2) inhibition of TNFα‐induced ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12 expression. Furthermore, GEP levels were significantly elevated in patients with either osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.ConclusionOur observations demonstrate a novel protein–protein interaction network between GEP, ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12, and COMP. Furthermore, GEP is a novel specific inhibitor of ADAMTS‐7/ADAMTS‐12–mediated COMP degradation and may play a significant role in preventing the destruction of joint cartilage in arthritis.
New Approaches to the Total Synthesis of the Bryostatin Antitumor Macrolides
Authors: Hale Karl J. , Manaviazar Soraya 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn this Focus Review, we give an overview of various bryostatin total syntheses. We also discuss the synthesis of various bryostatin analogues and their biological activity. Work reviewed includes that of Masamune, Evans, Nishiyama and Yamamura, Hale and Manaviazar, Trost, Wender, Keck, Burke, Thomas, and Krische. Our coverage is primarily for the period 2001–2009, since detailed reviews already exist on bryostatin total synthesis work and biology up to this time.
Sensory features and repetitive behaviors in children with autism and developmental delays
Authors: Boyd Brian A. , Baranek Grace T. , Sideris John , Poe Michele D. , Watson Linda R. , Patten Elena , Miller Heather 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis study combined parent and observational measures to examine the association between aberrant sensory features and restricted, repetitive behaviors in children with autism (N=67) and those with developmental delays (N=42). Confirmatory factor analysis was used to empirically validate three sensory constructs of interest: hyperresponsiveness, hyporesponsiveness, and sensory seeking. Examining the association between the three derived sensory factor scores and scores on the Repetitive Behavior Scales—Revised revealed the co‐occurrence of these behaviors in both clinical groups. Specifically, high levels of hyperresponsive behaviors predicted high levels of repetitive behaviors, and the relationship between these variables remained the same controlling for mental age. We primarily found non‐significant associations between hyporesponsiveness or sensory seeking and repetitive behaviors, with the exception that sensory seeking was associated with ritualistic/sameness behaviors. These findings suggest that shared neurobiological mechanisms may underlie hyperresponsive sensory symptoms and repetitive behaviors and have implications for diagnostic classification as well as intervention.
Reduced‐oxidized difference spectral analysis and chemiluminescence‐based Scatchard analysis demonstrate selective binding of myeloperoxidase to microbes
Authors: Allen Robert C. , Stephens Jackson T. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractMyeloperoxidase (MPO), a microbicidal haloperoxidase of neutrophil leukocytes, was observed to selectively bind to bacteria. Binding was quantified by dithionite‐reduced minus oxidized (RO) difference spectral analysis. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed large MPO binding by RO difference spectral analysis, whereas Streptococcus sanguinis did not. For increased sensitivity, free and microbe‐bound MPO and chloroperoxidase (CPO) activities were quantified by acid‐optimum haloperoxidase‐dependent chemiluminescence (CL) measurements, and these data were used for Scatchard analysis. The MPO bound/free (B/F) CL ratio was 49.5 for P. aeruginosa, 14.6 for Staphylococcus aureus, 2.8 for E. coli, 0.7 for Candida albicans and 0.4 for S. sanguinis. By comparison, the CPO B/F CL ratio was 0.03 for P. aeruginosa, 0.09 for S. aureus, 0.31 for E. coli, 0.18 for C. albicans and 0.16 for S. sanguinis. As a member of the lactic acid family of bacteria and a viridans streptococcus, S. sanguinis does not synthesize cytochromes and is catalase‐negative. The metabolic products of S. sanguinis, i.e. lactic acid and hydrogen peroxide, provide optimal acidity and substrate for MPO oxidation of chloride to hypochlorite. Hypochlorite can react with organic substrates to yield dehydrogenated or chlorinated products, but when peroxide is not limiting, hypochlorite reacts with peroxide yielding singlet oxygen. The reactivity of hypochlorite is dependent on substrate availability. The microsecond half‐life of electronically excited singlet oxygen restricts reactivity to within a radius of <0.25 µm; i.e. the reactivity of singlet oxygen is both substrate and half‐life dependent. Poor MPO binding provides protection and possibly competitive advantage to viridans streptococci. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Determination and pharmacokinetics of periplocin in rat plasma by LC‐MS
Authors: Yi Lixin , Bi Kaishun , Chen Xinyang , Zhang Qiufeng , Che Shuang , Liu Wentao , Lu Dan , Chen Xiaohui 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA simple and sensitive LC‐MS method for the determination of periplocin in rat plasma was developed and validated. The chromatographic separation was carried out using a reverse‐phase Kromasil C18 column(150 × 4.6 mm, i.d., 5 µm) with a mobile phase composed of methanol–water (76:24, v/v). The flow rate of mobile phase was 0.8 mL/min. The calibration curve was linear within the concentration range 1–1000 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions across three validation days over the entire concentration range was lower than 9.2% in terms of relative standard deviation. Accuracy determined at three quality control concentrations ranged from −2.0 to 6.0% in terms of relative error. The validated method was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of periplocin in rat plasma after intravenous and intramuscular administration. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Simultaneous determination of phthalates and adipates in human serum using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with solid‐phase extraction
Authors: Guo Zhi‐Yong , Gai Pan‐Pan , Duan Jing , Zhai Jin‐Xia , Zhao Sha‐Sha , Wang Sui , Wei Dan‐Yi 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA gas chromatography–mass spectrometry assay was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of phthalates and adipates in human serum. The phthalates and adipates studied were dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, benzylbutyl phthalate, di‐2‐ethylhexyl phthalate, di‐n‐octyl phthalate, diethyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, bis(2‐butoxyethyl) adipate and di‐2‐ethylhexyl adipate, with diisooctyl phthalate as internal standard. The extraction and cleaning up procedure was carried out with solid‐phase extraction cartridges containing dimethyl butylamine groups, which showed extraction efficiencies over 88% for each analyte and the internal standard. The calibration curves obtained were linear with correlation coefficients greater than 0.98. For all analytes, the assay gave CV% values for intra‐day precision from 4.9 to 13.3% and mean accuracy values from 91.4 to 108.4%, while inter‐day precision was 5.2–13.4% and mean accuracy 91.0–110.2%. The limits of detection for the assay of phthalates and adipates were in the range 0.7–4.5 ng/mL. The method is simple, sensitive and accurate, and allows for simultaneous determination of nanogram levels of phthalates and adipates in human serum. It was successfully applied to an investigation on the level of phthalates and adipates in a non‐occupationally exposed population.
Determination of sialic acids in infant formula by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Sørensen L. K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA liquid chromatographic/tandem mass spectrometric method using pneumatically assisted electrospray ionization (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) was developed for determination of N‐acetylneuramic acid and N‐glycolylneuramic acid in infant formula. Reconstituted samples were hydrolysed in dilute sulfuric acid and deproteinized with acetonitrile. The extract was analysed directly without further clean‐up by hydrophilic interaction chromatography. The substances were detected in negative ion mode and matrix matched standards were used for calibration. The relative intra‐laboratory reproducibility standard deviation was better than 6% for both substances. An R2 of 0.985 was obtained by comparison with a classical colorimetric assay based on reaction with resorcinol. The developed method is expected to be applied for accurate routine analysis of infant formulas.
Programs in R for computing, truncated normal distributions
Authors: Zhou M. , Yang D. , Wang Y. , Nadarajah S. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTruncated distributions arise naturally in many industrial settings. However, little has been published for computing quantities of interest of the truncated version even for the most popular normal distribution. In this note, for the first time, we provide programs for computing the mean, variance, cumulative probability and two other quantities of interest for any truncated normal distribution: whether it is left truncated, right truncated or doubly truncated. The programs are written in R: a freely downloadable statistical software. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 18: 589–592, 2010; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com; DOI 10.1002/cae.20212
DGIS: Interactive simulator for distributed generation systems
Authors: Peña Rafael , Medina Aurelio , Anaya‐Lara Olimpo , Burt Graeme M. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAn interactive software to simulate and to study the steady state and transient operation of distributed generation systems with a large number of elements is presented. This software can be an effective tool to give students better understanding of the behavior of power systems under various operating conditions, and can motivate them to learn more about power systems. It may also be useful for advanced users such as PhD students and researchers as they can implement their own algorithms and models, without the necessity of buying expensive licenses for commercial software. In addition, the software may well be used for teaching introductory courses into the analysis of network with high penetration of distributed generators. A detailed software description, comparison with similar available software, potential educational applications and future enhancements of this simulation tool are presented and discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 594–603, 2012
Simulation of effect of voltage sag on inrush current using MATLAB‐SIMULINK for educational purpose
Authors: Vahidi B. , Khorsandi A. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractTransformer inrush currents are high‐magnitude, harmonic‐rich currents generated when transformer cores are driven into saturation during energization. These currents have undesirable effects, including potential damage to the transformer, reduced power quality on the system, and relay malfunction. In the present article the effect of voltage sag on inrush current are investigated. Due to aim of this article which is educational purpose the well‐known software MATLAB‐SIMULINK is used to simulate the effect of voltage sag on inrush current. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Comput Appl Eng Educ 20: 629–633, 2012
A rapid systematic review on the association between childhood physical and sexual abuse and illicit drug use among males
Authors: Butt Sophia , Chou Shihning , Browne Kevin 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis paper aims to review studies in relation to the association between childhood physical (CPA) and sexual abuse (CSA) and illicit drug use among the male clinical and general community populations using a systematic approach. Primary studies were identified using online databases which were searched comprehensively using a set of pre‐determined search criteria and terms. Other sources included expert contact and the reference list of a relevant review. Associations between exposure (CPA/CSA) and outcome (illicit drug use) were considered with regards to an array of factors. A total of 5012 references were initially identified out of which 18 studies met the necessary criteria for reviewing. The review demonstrates tentative support for factors such as earlier drug initiation, intravenous drug use and greater frequency of use among some of the samples. It also demonstrates the difficulties involved in drawing conclusions due to the complex and multifaceted nature of drug use and the variability in the quality of the research available in this area. Limitations of the current review are highlighted and recommendations offered for future research with consideration given to practical implications in clinical and forensic settings. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Partnering with parents to prevent childhood sexual abuse
Authors: Wurtele Sandy K. , Kenny Maureen C. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAlthough research demonstrates that child‐focused sexual abuse prevention programmes can teach children personal safety knowledge and skills, childhood sexual abuse (CSA) prevention programmes that involve parents have a number of distinct advantages. The more knowledge parents have about CSA, the greater likelihood they can create safer environments for their children and thus prevent the occurrence of sexual exploitation. Research has demonstrated that parents lack crucial information about CSA and can benefit from even brief educational efforts. This paper will identify potential barriers to participation and offer practical suggestions for enhancing both recruitment and retention rates. Recommendations for parent education programmes are offered, including improving parents' confidence and skills in educating their children about CSA, providing them with parent‐friendly materials to use and developing Internet applications. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Excremental theory development
Authors: Bradshaw Alan , Canniford Robin 
Published: March 2010

Abstract

This paper explores and investigates multi‐disciplinary perspectives on excrement in order to fertilise the ground on which new consumer research agendas may be cultivated. We begin by illustrating the symbolic power and affective conditioning that attends excrement, explaining the veil of secrecy that history has draped over our bodily functions. We then illustrate how this symbolic and affective order is manifest in material infrastructures that maintain our aversion to the subject of waste. With these orders in mind we then assess their importance by asking what might happen if they were undone, stressing the sacred and profane implications that various thinkers have assigned to the presence and place of bodily waste in our lives. Finally, the paper highlights practical perspectives that our discussion raises. We stress the potential importance of hidden affective and architectural frames in consumer culture, arguing that a fuller engagement with these issues may encourage us to acknowledge the pressing issues of hygiene that will challenge society as the century progresses.

Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Role of mitogen‐activated protein kinase in Zn‐BC‐AM PDT‐induced apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
Authors: Koon H. K. , Chan P. S. , Wu Z. G. , Wong R. N. S. , Lung M. L. , Chang C. K. , Mak N. K. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) with a recently developed photosensitizer Zn‐BC‐AM was found to effectively induce apoptosis in a well‐differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) HK‐1 cell line. Sustained activation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c‐jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) as well as a transient increase in activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) were observed immediately after Zn‐BC‐AM PDT. A commonly used p38 MAPK/JNK pharmacological inhibitor PD169316 was found to reduce PDT‐induced apoptosis of HK‐1 cells. PD169316 also prevented the loss of Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xL in PDT‐treated HK‐1 cells. However, inhibition of JNK with SP600125 had no effect on Zn‐BC‐AM PDT‐induced apoptosis while inhibition of ERK with PD98059 or p38 MAPK with SB203580 significantly increased Zn‐BC‐AM PDT‐induced apoptosis. Further study showed that knockdown of the p38β isoform with siRNA also increased Zn‐BC‐AM PDT‐induced apoptosis, indicating that the anti‐apoptotic effect of PD169316 in PDT‐treated HK‐1 cells was probably independent of p38 MAPK or JNK activation. Taken together, the results suggest that inhibition of p38β and ERK may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of Zn‐BC‐AM PDT on NPC cells. It should be noted that data only based on the use of PD169316 should be interpreted in caution. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Experimental chronic low‐frequency resistance training produces skeletal muscle hypertrophy in the absence of muscle damage and metabolic stress markers
Authors: Zanchi Nelo Eidy , Lira Fabio Santos , Seelaender Marilia , Lancha‐Jr Antonio Herbert 
Published: March 2010

AbstractVolitional animal resistance training constitutes an important approach to modeling human resistance training. However, the lack of standardization protocol poses a frequent impediment to the production of skeletal muscle hypertrophy and the study of related physiological variables (i.e., cellular damage/inflammation or metabolic stress). Therefore, the purposes of the present study were: (1) to test whether a long‐term and low frequency experimental resistance training program is capable of producing absolute increases in muscle mass; (2) to examine whether cellular damage/inflammation or metabolic stress is involved in the process of hypertrophy. In order to test this hypothesis, animals were assigned to a sedentary control (C, n = 8) or a resistance trained group (RT, n = 7). Trained rats performed 2 exercise sessions per week (16 repetitions per day) during 12 weeks. Our results demonstrated that the resistance training strategy employed was capable of producing absolute mass gain in both soleus and plantaris muscles (12%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, muscle tumor necrosis factor (TNF‐α) protein expression (soleus muscle) was reduced by 24% (p < 0.01) in trained group when compared to sedentary one. Finally, serum creatine kinase (CK) activity and serum lactate concentrations were not affected in either group. Such information may have practical applications if reproduced in situations where skeletal muscle hypertrophy is desired but high mechanical stimuli of skeletal muscle and inflammation are not. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Bestimmung von Phenylessigsäure zur Früherkennung von Prozessstörungen in Biogasanlagen
Authors: Griehl C. , Hecht C. , Streuber S. , Ganß Y. , Kremp H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIn Speisereste verwertenden Biogasanlagen konnte eine frühzeitige Anreicherung von Phenylessigsäure vor dem Anstieg prozessrelevanter Parameter wie Propion‐ und Essigsäure beobachtet werden. Daher besteht die Möglichkeit, Phenylessigsäure als neuartige Indikatorsubstanz zur Überwachung des Biogasprozesses zu nutzen. Die Substanz konnte mit Hilfe der Gaschromatographie schnell und sicher in der Gärflüssigkeit bestimmt werden.
Produktdesign von Flüssigkeiten: Parfümöle in der Konsumgüterindustrie
Authors: Rähse W. , Dicoi O. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDie Möglichkeiten des Produktdesigns von Flüssigkeiten, insbesondere von hydrophoben Flüssigkeitsgemischen, werden am Beispiel der Parfümöle beschrieben. Dort erfolgt die Gestaltung sowohl durch die Zusammenstellung einzelner Duftstoffe zu einem individuellen Gesamtduft als auch durch die Weiterverarbeitung in die Anwendungsform. Parfümöle bestehen aus etwa 30 – 200 natürlichen, naturidentischen und voll synthetischen Riechstoffen. Die aufgabengerechte Formulierung des Geruchs bezüglich der Kopf‐, Herz‐ und Basisnote sowie die erforderliche Fixierung stellen eine künstlerische Leistung des Parfümeurs dar. Riechstoffe werden im Konsumentenbereich für die Körperbeduftung und die Aromatherapie, ferner für die Raum‐ und Produktbeduftung eingesetzt. Der Produktduft stammt teilweise oder ganz aus Synthesen. Die Steuerung von Raum‐ und Produktbeduftungen bezüglich Zeit/Intensität erfolgt über die Konzentration sowie den Aggregatzustand des Öls, das in verdünnter Lösung, unverdünnt, verkapselt, aufgesprüht, emulgiert, aufgeschäumt, angedickt, gelartig oder verfestigt vorliegt. Mithilfe von Trägerstoffen lassen sich die Riechstoffe in beliebige Feststoffformen (Perlen, Blöcke, Gele) überführen oder auf Granulate als Coating aufbringen. Duftstoffe können durch Zugabe von Fettalkohol in eine feste Form gebracht werden. Abschließend werden vier Varianten der Beduftung von festen Waschmitteln mit aufgesprühten Ölen und mit zugemischten Duftgranulaten diskutiert.
Konzentrationsprofile in trocknenden Flüssigkeitsschichten auf kreiszylindrischen Substraten
Authors: Meile W. , Czaputa K. , Brenn G. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractDie Beschichtung von optischen Fasern und Metalldrähten geschieht durch konvektive Trocknung eines Auftrags einer Polymerlösung auf dem jeweiligen kreiszylindrischen Substrat. Die erreichbare Qualität wird maßgeblich durch die Morphologie der Beschichtung und somit durch die Konzentrationsverteilung der Lösungskomponenten bestimmt. Die vorliegende Arbeit behandelt den Stofftransport in der schrumpfenden flüssigen Schicht während der Trocknung und zeigt die Berechnung radialer Profile der Gemisch‐Massenanteile bei gegebenem Verhältnis der Schrumpfungsrate des Beschichtungsquerschnitts zum flüssigseitigen Diffusionskoeffizienten für variierende Zeiten.