bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the role of gaze behaviour in socially shared regulation of collaborative learning in a group task
Authors: Whitehead Ridwan , Nguyen Andy , Järvelä Sanna 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe necessity of supporting socially shared regulation of learning (SSRL) for learners is widely acknowledged as a crucial element for successful collaborative learning (CL). However, inherent challenges are presented for the observation, study, and support of SSRL. Non‐verbal behaviours have been identified as a potentially rich resource for understanding learner interactions within CL. Yet, the exploration of its impact on SSRL remains largely unexplored.ObjectiveThe present study aims to explore how gaze behaviour, as a non‐verbal behaviour, relates to verbal interactions that characterise SSRL in CL.MethodsTwenty‐seven Finnish secondary school students were given a 30‐min group task of creating a breakfast smoothie, in which trigger events were integrated to examine possible interactions that characterise SSRL. In this experimental setting, data from multiple modalities were collected. For analysis, process mining was used to explore patterns of interaction, and multidimensional recurrence quantification analysis (MdRQA) was used, alongside with statistical analysis.Results and ConclusionsOur study revealed that gaze behaviour is intricately linked with SSRL interactions, suggesting a complex interplay in collaborative learning contexts. When temporally investigated, SSRL interactions varied in frequency while gaze behaviour remained constant. Moreover, the recurrence of gaze and SSRL interactions did not vary due to trigger events, confirming an established collaborative pattern.ImplicationsThis study advances the field by extending research on SSRL by introducing a ‘non‐verbal perspective’. This perspective enriches our understanding of collaborative learning environments by revealing hidden interaction patterns and guiding the development of more responsive and adaptive digital learning tools.
Fitness of two mushroom flies Bradysia minpleuroti (Diptera: Sciaridae) and Coboldia fuscipes (Diptera: Scatopsidae) fed on two edible mushrooms
Authors: Pan Jin‐zhuang , Zhang Chao , Zhang Yue , Yang Jia‐peng , He Li , Yang Hong , Dai Ren‐huai 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDictyophora rubrovolvata and Pleurotus ostreatus are economically important mushrooms in China. Bradysia minpleuroti Yang et Zhang and Coboldia fuscipes (Meigen, 1830) are important mushroom flies that damage the two mushrooms. In this study, we used the age‐stage, two‐sex life table method to assess the fitness of B. minpleuroti and C. fuscipes when they were respectively fed on D. rubrovolvata and P. ostreatus. Our results showed that the first (2.39 days) and second (1.41 days) instar larvae, pupa (2.87 days) and total longevity (18.19 days) of B. minpleuroti were shorter when fed on P. ostreatus than fed on D. rubrovolvata (3.46, 1.86, 3.10 and 20.19 days). B. minpleuroti had similar fecundity when fed on the two edible mushrooms. B. minpleuroti had higher values of net reproductive rate (R0, 87.73), intrinsic rate of increase (r, 0.2604 day‐1), and finite rate of increase (λ, 1.2974 day‐1) and shorter mean generation time (T, 17.19 days) when fed on P. ostreatus than fed on D. rubrovalvata (26.96, 0.1659 day‐1, 1.1805 day‐1, 19.85 days). The developmental period of larvae and pupa stages of C. fuscipes were significantly different fed on the two edible mushrooms. Female fecundity, total longevity, R0, r, λ and T of C. fuscipes were not significantly different between the two edible mushrooms. We found that fitness of B. minpleuroti larvae had higher fitness when fed on P. ostreatus than fed on D. rubrovolvata. However, there was no significant difference in the fitness of C. fuscipes larvae when fed on the two edible mushrooms. This study has provided valuable data and insights by delving into the adaptability of two significant pests on two edible mushrooms, thereby facilitating the development of more effective pest management strategies and contributing to the advancement of the mushroom industry. For instance, it provides guidance on the appropriate timing for preventive measures and treatment.
Beyond ‘statistical significance’: A nontechnical primer of Bayesian statistics and Bayes factors for health researchers
Authors: Younas Ahtisham 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRationaleHypothesis testing is integral to health research and is commonly completed through frequentist statistics focused on computing p values. p Values have been long criticized for offering limited information about the relationship of variables and strength of evidence concerning the plausibility, presence and certainty of associations among variables. Bayesian statistics is a potential alternative for inference‐making. Despite emerging discussion on Bayesian statistics across various disciplines, the uptake of Bayesian statistics in health research is still limited.AimTo offer a primer on Bayesian statistics and Bayes factors for health researchers to gain preliminary knowledge of its use, application and interpretation in health research.MethodsTheoretical and empirical literature on Bayesian statistics and methods were used to develop this methodological primer.ConclusionsUsing Bayesian statistics in health research without a careful and complete understanding of its underlying philosophy and differences from frequentist testing, estimation and interpretation methods can result in similar ritualistic use as done for p values.ImplicationsHealth researchers should supplement frequentists statistics with Bayesian statistics when analysing research data. The overreliance on p values for clinical decisions making should be avoided. Bayes factors offer a more intuitive measure of assessing the strength of evidence for null and alternative hypothesis.
Primary care and community partnerships to promote age‐friendly care for Hispanic older adults
Authors: Ross Sarah E. , Severance Jennifer J. , Murphy Sara C. , Yockey Robert A. , Morkos Johny , Johnson Shakita , Knebl Janice A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare and community collaborations have the potential to address health‐related social needs. We examined the implementation of an educational initiative and collaborative intervention between a geriatric clinic and Area Agency on Aging (AAA) to enhance age‐friendly care for a Hispanic patient population.MethodsAs part of a Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)‐funded Geriatric Workforce Enhancement Program, a geriatric clinic partnered with AAA to embed an English‐ and Spanish‐speaking Social Service Coordinator (SSC). The SSC met with patients during new and annual visits or by referral to address What Matters and Mentation in the patient's primary language, provide education, and make social service referrals. Patients aged 60 and older, who received SSC services during a 12‐month period, were defined as the intervention group (n = 112). Using a retrospective chart review, we compared them to a non‐intervention group (n = 228) that received primary care. We examined available demographic and clinical data within the age‐friendly areas of What Matters and Mentation. Measures included cognitive health screenings, advance care planning, patient education, and community referrals.ResultsMost of the intervention groups were eligible for AAA services and had the opportunity for service referrals to address identified needs. A higher proportion of patients within the intervention group completed screenings for cognitive health and advance care planning discussions.ConclusionInteragency partnerships between ambulatory care settings and community‐based organizations have the potential to expand access to linguistically and culturally competent age‐friendly primary care for older adults.
Prognostic value of FGFR2 alterations in patients with iCCA undergoing surgery or systemic treatments: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Niu Sen , Zhang Ye , Li Zengyao , Wang Tong 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundOver recent years, there has been a notable rise in the incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA), which presents a significant challenge in treatment due to its complex disease characteristics and prognosis. Notably, the identification of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion/rearrangement, a potential oncogenic driver primarily observed in iCCA, raises questions about its impact on the prognostic outcomes of patients undergoing surgical intervention or other therapeutic approaches.MethodsA comprehensive search from inception to July 2023 was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library databases. The objective was to identify relevant publications comparing the prognosis of FGFR2 alterations and no FGFR2 alterations groups among patients with iCCA undergoing surgical resection or other systemic therapies. The primary outcome indicators, specifically Overall Survival (OS) and Disease‐Free Survival (DFS), were estimated using Hazard Ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and statistical significance was defined as p < .05. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4 software and Stata, version 12.0.ResultsSix studies, involving 1314 patients (FGFR2 alterations group n = 173 and no FGFR2 alterations group n = 1141), were included in the meta‐analysis. The analysis revealed that the FGFR2 alterations group exhibited a significantly better OS prognosis compared to the no FGFR2 alterations group, with a fixed‐effects combined effect size HR = 1.31, 95%CI = 1.001–1.715, p = .049. Furthermore, meta‐regression and subgroup analysis showed that the length of the follow‐up period did not introduce heterogeneity into the results. This finding indicates the stability and reliability of the study outcomes.ConclusionThe current study provides compelling evidence that FGFR2 alterations are frequently associated with improved survival outcomes for patients with iCCA undergoing surgical resection or other systemic treatments. Additionally, the study suggests that FGFR2 holds promise as a safe and dependable therapeutic target for managing metastatic, locally advanced or unresectable iCCA. This study offers a novel perspective in the realm of targeted therapy for iCCA, presenting a new and innovative approach to its treatment.
Long‐term risk with stochastic interest rates
Authors: Severino Federico 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn constant‐rate markets, the average stochastic discount factor growth rate coincides with the instantaneous rate. When interest rates are stochastic, this average growth rate is given by the long‐term yield of zero‐coupon bonds, which cannot serve as instantaneous discount rate. We show how to reconcile the stochastic discount factor growth with the instantaneous relations between returns and rates in stochastic‐rate markets. We factorize no‐arbitrage prices and isolate a rate adjustment that captures the short‐term variability of rates. The rate‐adjusted stochastic discount factor features the same long‐term growth as the stochastic discount factor in the market but has no transient component in its Hansen–Scheinkman decomposition, capturing the long‐term interest rate risk. Moreover, we show how the rate adjustment can be used for managing the interest rate risk related to fixed‐income derivatives and life insurances.
Musical experience enhances time discrimination: Evidence from cortical responses
Authors: Jin Jiaqi , Zheng Qi , Liu Hongxing , Feng Kunyun , Bai Yanru , Ni Guangjian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTime discrimination, a critical aspect of auditory perception, is influenced by numerous factors. Previous research has suggested that musical experience can restructure the brain, thereby enhancing time discrimination. However, this phenomenon remains underexplored. In this study, we seek to elucidate the enhancing effect of musical experience on time discrimination, utilizing both behavioral and electroencephalogram methodologies. Additionally, we aim to explore, through brain connectivity analysis, the role of increased connectivity in brain regions associated with auditory perception as a potential contributory factor to time discrimination induced by musical experience. The results show that the music‐experienced group demonstrated higher behavioral accuracy, shorter reaction time, and shorter P3 and mismatch response latencies as compared to the control group. Furthermore, the music‐experienced group had higher connectivity in the left temporal lobe. In summary, our research underscores the positive impact of musical experience on time discrimination and suggests that enhanced connectivity in brain regions linked to auditory perception may be responsible for this enhancement.
Clinical Efficacy of Intra‐articular Tranexamic Acid Injection in the Management of Hemophilia with Total Hip Arthroplasty: A 24‐month Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Su Hai , Huang Hua , Xiang Sicheng , Gong Yichen , Zhou Haojing , Chen Lei , Zhang Zhongyi , Tong Peijian , Xu Taotao 
Published: June 2024

ObjectiveTotal hip arthroplasty (THA) effectively treats end‐stage hemophilic hip arthropathy. Given hemophilia's unique characteristics, perioperative bleeding remains a significant risk for patients undergoing THA. Tranexamic acid (TXA), an efficient antifibrinolytic agent, may benefit the outcomes of THA for patients with hemophilia (PWH). This study aims to explore the clinical efficacy of intra‐articular injection of TXA in treating perioperative bleeding in PWH and assess its additional clinical benefits.MethodsThe retrospective study comprised data of PWH who received THA from January 2015 to December 2021 in the research center. A total of 59 individuals were included in the study, divided into a TXA group (n = 31) and a non‐TXA group (n = 28). We compared various parameters, including total blood loss (TBL), visible blood loss (VBL), occult blood loss (OBL), intraoperative coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) consumption, perioperative total FVIII consumption, hemoglobin (HB), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), length of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, length of surgery, total protein, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), D‐dimer, rate of joint swelling, hip joint range of motion (ROM), visual analogue scale (VAS), and Harris hip joint function scale (HHS) between the two groups. Follow‐up assessments were conducted for up to 24 months. A Student's t test was utilized for the statistical analysis.ResultsThis study demonstrated that intra‐articular TXA effectively reduced TBL (1248.19 ± 439.88 mL, p < 0.001), VBL (490.32 ± 344.34 mL, p = 0.003), and OBL (757.87 ± 381.48 mL, p = 0.004) in PWH who underwent THA. TXA demonstrated effectiveness in reducing VAS scores on POD1, POD7, and POD14 and joint swelling rates on POD1, POD7, POD14, and at discharge (p < 0.05). Additionally, the TXA group achieved higher HHS ratings at all follow‐up time points (p < 0.05), showing superior hip joint mobility, lower postoperative inflammation levels, reduced factor VIII consumption during surgery, and less postoperative nutritional loss. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of hospital stay, hospitalization costs, surgery duration, and coagulation indicators.ConclusionIntra‐articular injection of TXA reduces perioperative bleeding in PWH undergoing THA while also improving joint mobility, post‐operative rehabilitation, and quality of life. This may provide value for the future application of TXA in PWH.
The secular voter: Secularism and political attitudes in the United States
Authors: Layman Geoffrey C. , Campbell David E. , Allen Levi G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAs America grows more secular, secularism is increasingly relevant for American political attitudes and behavior. In this article, we contend that secularism—conceptualized as the affirmative embrace of secular belief and identity—is distinct from nonreligiosity, which is simply the absence of religion. We also argue that, at present, secularism is primarily a psychological, and not a social, orientation. Secular belonging and behavior are quite rare and generally unimportant politically, but secular belief and identity are far more prevalent and politically relevant. We examine the relationships that secular belief and identity, secular behavior, and nonreligiosity have with political orientations. Secular belief and identity have a much stronger and more consistent political connection than do secular behavior or nonreligiosity. Then, operationalizing secularism simply as secular belief and identity, we assess its connection to contemporary conspiracy beliefs and to support for democratic values. We find that secularists disavow most conspiracy theories and support the core democratic values of participatory democracy, freedom of expression, and political tolerance. Secularism's connection to political tolerance and support for freedom of expression is quite interesting because it is very different from those of liberal ideology and Democratic partisanship.
Loss‐of‐function of PGL10 impairs photosynthesis and tolerance to high‐temperature stress in rice
Authors: Ahmad Shakeel , Tabassum Javaria , Sheng Zhonghua , Lv Yusong , Chen Wei , Zeb Aqib , Dong Nannan , Ali Umed , Shao Gaoneng , Wei Xiangjin , Hu Shikai , Tang Shaoqing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHigh temperature (HT) affects the production of chlorophyll (Chl) pigment and inhibits cellular processes that impair photosynthesis, and growth and development in plants. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress in rice are not fully understood yet. In this study, we identified two mutants varying in leaf color from the ethylmethanesulfonate mutant library of indica rice cv. Zhongjiazao‐17, which showed pale‐green leaf color and variegated leaf phenotype under HT conditions. Mut‐map revealed that both mutants were allelic, and their phenotype was controlled by a single recessive gene PALE GREEN LEAF 10 (PGL10) that encodes NADPH:protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase B, which is required for the reduction of protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide in light‐dependent tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway‐based Chl synthesis. Overexpression‐based complementation and CRISPR/Cas9‐based knockout analyses confirmed the results of Mut‐map. Moreover, qRT‐PCR‐based expression analysis of PGL10 showed that it expresses in almost all plant parts with the lowest expression in root, followed by seed, third leaf, and then other green tissues in both mutants, pgl10a and pgl10b. Its protein localizes in chloroplasts, and the first 17 amino acids from N‐terminus are responsible for signals in chloroplasts. Moreover, transcriptome analysis performed under HT conditions revealed that the genes involved in the Chl biosynthesis and degradation, photosynthesis, and reactive oxygen species detoxification were differentially expressed in mutants compared to WT. Thus, these results indicate that PGL10 is required for maintaining chloroplast function and plays an important role in rice adaptation to HT stress conditions by controlling photosynthetic activity.
Steroid therapy in acute exacerbation of fibrotic interstitial lung disease
Authors: Koshy Kavya , Barnes Hayley , Farrand Erica , Glaspole Ian 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveEvidence for the benefit of steroid therapy in acute exacerbations (AEs) of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is limited; however, they remain a cornerstone of management in other fibrotic interstitial lung diseases. This retrospective observational study assesses the effect of steroid treatment on in‐hospital mortality in patients with acute exacerbation of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (AE‐FILD) including IPF and non‐IPF ILDs.MethodsAE‐FILD cases over a 10‐year period were filtered using a code‐based algorithm followed by individual case evaluation. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between corticosteroid treatment (defined as ≥0.5 mg/kg/day of prednisolone‐equivalent for ≥3 days within the first 72 h of admission) and in‐hospital mortality or need for lung transplantation. Secondary outcomes included readmission, overall survival, requirement for domiciliary oxygen and rehabilitation.ResultsAcross two centres a total of 107 AE‐FILD subjects were included, of which 46 patients (43%) received acute steroid treatment. The steroid cohort was of younger age with fewer comorbidities but had higher oxygen requirements. Pre‐admission FVC and DLCO, distribution of diagnoses and smoking history were similar. The mean steroid treatment dose was 4.59 mg/kg/day. Steroid use appeared to be associated with increased risk of inpatient mortality or transplantation (OR 4.11; 95% CI 1.00–16.83; p = 0.049). In the steroid group, there appeared to be a reduced risk of all‐cause mortality in non‐IPF patients (HR 0.21; 95% CI 0.04–0.96; p = 0.04) compared to their IPF counterparts. Median survival was reduced in the steroid group (221 vs. 520.5 days) with increased risk of all‐cause mortality (HR 3.25; 95% CI 1.56–6.77; p < 0.01).ConclusionIn this two‐centre retrospective study of 107 patients, AE‐FILD demonstrates a high risk of mortality, at a level similar to that seen for AE‐IPF, despite steroid treatment. Clinicians should consider other precipitating factors for exacerbations and use steroids judiciously. Further prospective trials are needed to determine the role of corticosteroids in AE‐FILD.
Development and validation of an ELISA to measure regenerating island‐derived protein 3E in canine blood
Authors: Peters Laureen M. , Reding Graf Theresia , Giori Luca , Mevissen Meike , Graf Rolf , Howard Judith 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundRegenerating island‐derived proteins (REG) are upregulated in people with sepsis, pancreatitis, and gastrointestinal diseases. One member of the REG family, namely REG3E, was recently identified in pancreatic tissue and plasma of dogs, with high expression in pancreatitis and sepsis.ObjectivesWe aimed to develop and validate an ELISA to measure REG3E concentrations in canine blood.MethodsAn indirect sandwich ELISA was developed using recombinant canine REG3E protein and polyclonal anti‐canine REG3E antibodies raised in guinea pigs and rabbits. Antibody specificity was assessed using western blot and mass spectrometric analysis of protein purified from canine plasma. Assay validation included evaluation of dilutional linearity, parallelism, spiking recovery, repeatability and reproducibility, stability, interferences, and comparison of serum and heparinized plasma.ResultsAntibodies bound specifically to REG3E with no evidence of cross‐reactivity with other proteins. The limit of detection of the ELISA was 15 ng/mL, and the lower limit of quantification was 30 ng/mL. The assay demonstrated good to excellent linearity, dilutional and mixing parallelism, and recovery, with mean observed‐to‐expected ratios of 104%, 107%, 102%, and 92%, respectively, and no evidence of a hook effect. Coefficients of variation were ≤8.5% for repeatability and ≤14.3% for reproducibility at three different levels. Measurements of REG3E in plasma were not significantly influenced by different storage conditions, freeze‐thawing cycles, hemolysis, lipemia, or icterus. There was no significant difference between REG3E concentrations in heparinized plasma and serum samples.ConclusionsThe canine REG3E ELISA has acceptable precision, accuracy, linearity, and reproducibility for the measurement of REG3E in canine plasma and serum.