bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massive peritoneal fluid and markedly elevated serum CA125 and CA19‐9 levels associated with an ovarian endometrioma
Authors: Park Byung‐Joon , Kim Tae‐Eung , Kim Yong‐Wook 
Published: October 2009

AbstractEndometriosis associated with ascites is an uncommon condition, but nevertheless important because it mimics the presentation of ovarian malignancy. We present the case of a 34‐year‐old woman who was admitted with the acute onset of abdominal pain and distension. A pelvic sonogram showed a large amount of peritoneal fluid with echogenic material and a 10‐cm complex cystic structure, which appeared to be an enlarged left ovary. The concentrations of CA125 and CA19‐9 were 548.1 and 7604 IU/mL, respectively. On the second day of admission, an exploratory laparoscopy was performed, which revealed a ruptured left ovarian cyst consistent with an endometrioma. A laparoscopic left adnexectomy was therefore performed. The histological examination of the specimen confirmed the diagnosis of an endometrioma. After a 12‐month follow‐up period, the patient showed no recurrence of the endometrioma or peritoneal fluid accumulation. In most instances, the presence of massive ascites is associated with malignancies, tuberculosis, or a perforated viscus. The information provided in the present report is important to both gynecologists and oncologists because it shows that an ovarian cyst with ascites and highly elevated CA125 and CA19‐9 levels might be benign.
Sevoflurane modulation of Ca2+regulation in skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles from young and mature rabbits
Authors: KÖNIG MATTHIAS , LIN MARINA , NELSON THOMAS E. , GROBAN LEANNE 
Published: October 2009

SummaryIntroduction: Developmental differences in splice variants of the two key sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium regulatory proteins, ryanodine (RyR1), and sarcoendoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (SERCA1) have been linked to various neuromuscular disorders, but not malignant hyperthermia (MH). However, it is unclear whether an age‐related difference in volatile anesthetic‐mediated SR calcium function exists that could add to our current understanding of the clinical presentation of MH syndrome and provide insight into molecular mechanisms for general anesthesia that may have other physiologic and/or pathophysiologic significance. Therefore, the effects of sevoflurane on intracellular calcium regulation in isolated SR membrane vesicles from the skeletal muscle of healthy young rabbits were compared to their adult counterpart using an establishedin vitromodel with the assumption that exposure to sevoflurane would elicit a weaker response in the young SR.Methods: Through dual wavelength spectroscopy of Ca2+: Arsenazo III difference absorbance, the effects of sevoflurane on SR Ca2+uptake rate and release in heavy and light fraction SR membrane vesicles isolated from the white muscle of anesthetized, postweaned (age = 6 weeks,n = 5) and adult (age = 6 months,n = 5) male New Zealand rabbits were examined.Results: The adult group showed a 50% increase in Ca2+uptake rate from control at both subclinical and clinically relevant anesthetic concentrations, whereas in the SR from the younger animals, Ca2+uptake rate was not altered by any concentration of sevoflurane. The sensitivity of both the low and high affinity Ca2+‐binding sites on RyR1 was increased by sevoflurane to the same extent in the SR vesicles from the young and mature adult rabbits. Interestingly, a greater potency of sevoflurane for the high affinity‐binding site was identified, and this was independent of age.Conclusions: These findings suggest that the sensitivity of the SR to sevoflurane‐mediated Ca2+uptake may be increased with maturity, while an analogous developmental effect on RyR1 is less probable. Nonetheless, this study shows for the first time that a potent inhalational agent such as sevoflurane can influence the high affinity SR calcium‐binding site by lowering the extraluminal concentration of calcium necessary to trigger calcium release. While this may not be of consequence when inhaled anesthetics are administered to normal children or adults, it may have life‐threatening consequences in carriers of RyR1 mutations.
School‐aged children’s experiences of postoperative music medicine on pain, distress, and anxiety
Authors: NILSSON STEFAN , KOKINSKY EVA , NILSSON ULRICA , SIDENVALL BIRGITTA , ENSKÄR KARIN 
Published: October 2009

SummaryAim: To test whether postoperative music listening reduces morphine consumption and influence pain, distress, and anxiety after day surgery and to describe the experience of postoperative music listening in school‐aged children who had undergone day surgery.Background: Music medicine has been proposed to reduce distress, anxiety, and pain. There has been no other study that evaluates effects of music medicine (MusiCure®) in children after minor surgery.Methods: Numbers of participants who required analgesics, individual doses, objective pain scores (Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability [FLACC]), vital signs, and administration of anti‐emetics were documented during postoperative recovery stay. Self‐reported pain (Coloured Analogue Scale [CAS]), distress (Facial Affective Scale [FAS]), and anxiety (short State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory [STAI]) were recorded before and after surgery. In conjunction with the completed intervention semi‐structured qualitative interviews were conducted.Results: Data were recorded from 80 children aged 7–16. Forty participants were randomized to music medicine and another 40 participants to a control group. We found evidence that children in the music group received less morphine in the postoperative care unit, 1/40 compared to 9/40 in the control group. Children’s individual FAS scores were reduced but no other significant differences between the two groups concerning FAS, CAS, FLACC, short STAI, and vital signs were shown. Children experienced the music as ‘calming and relaxing.’Conclusions: Music medicine reduced the requirement of morphine and decreased the distress after minor surgery but did not else influence the postoperative care.
Wood‐feeding beetles and soil nutrient cycling in burned forests: implications of post‐fire salvage logging
Authors: Cobb Tyler P. , Hannam Kirsten D. , Kishchuk Barbara E. , Langor David W. , Quideau Sylvie A. , Spence John R. 
Published: October 2009

Rising economic demands for boreal forest resources along with current and predicted increases in wildfire activity have increased salvage logging of burned forests. Currently, the ecological consequences of post‐fire salvage logging are insufficiently understood to develop effective management guidelines or to adequately inform policy decision‐makers.We used both field and laboratory studies to examine the effects of post‐fire salvage logging on populations of the white‐spotted sawyerMonochamus scutellatus scutellatus(Say) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and its ecological function in boreal forest.Monochamus s. scutellatusadults were relatively abundant in both burned and clear‐cut logged sites but were absent from salvage logged sites.Anin situmesocosm experiment showed that the abundance ofM. s. scutellatuslarvae in burned white spruce bolts was linked to changes in total organic nitrogen and carbon in mineral soil.Organic nutrient inputs in the form ofM. s. scutellatusfrass increased mineral soil microbial respiration rates by more than three‐fold and altered the availability of nitrogen. Changes in nitrogen availability corresponded with decreased germination and growth ofEpilobium angustifoliumandPopulusspp. but notCalamagrostis canadensis.Although the present study focused on local scale effects, the reported findings suggest that continued economic emphasis on post‐fire salvage logging may have implications beyond the local scale for biodiversity conservation, nutrient cycling and plant community composition in forest ecosystems recovering from wildfire.
Steady‐state amprenavir and tenofovir pharmacokinetics after coadministration of unboosted or ritonavir‐boosted fosamprenavir with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in healthy volunteers
Authors: Luber AD , Condoluci DV , Slowinski PD , Andrews M , Olson K , Peloquin CA , Pappa KA , Pakes GE ,   for the COL104422 Study Team
Published: October 2009

ObjectiveAn open‐label, three‐period pharmacokinetic study was conducted to investigate the drug interaction potential between fosamprenavir (FPV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).MethodsThirty‐six healthy subjects received TDF 300 mg once daily (qd) for 7 days (period 1), and then were randomized to 14 days of either FPV 1400 mg twice daily (bid) or FPV/ritonavir (RTV) 700/100 mg bid alone or with TDF (period 2). Subjects continued their randomized dose of FPV for 14 more days, adding or removing TDF based upon its receipt in period 2 (period 3). Twenty‐four‐hour pharmacokinetic sampling was carried out on day 7 of period 1 and on day 14 of periods 2 and 3. Steady‐state plasma amprenavir (APV) and tenofovir (TFV) pharmacokinetics were assessed by noncompartmental analysis and parameter values observed with each regimen were compared using geometric mean ratios with 90% confidence intervals.ResultsAfter TDF coadministration, APV geometric mean minimum concentration (Cmin), maximum concentration (Cmax), and area under the plasma concentration–time curve (AUC) increased by 31, 3 and 7% above values observed with unboosted FPV alone; they also increased by 31, 4 and 16% above values observed with FPV/RTV alone. TFV Cmin, Cmax and AUC decreased by 12, 25 and 15% after FPV coadministration and by 9, 18 and 7% after FPV/RTV coadministration. No significant changes in RTV pharmacokinetics were observed. No differences were noted in adverse events among dosing periods.ConclusionsIn this evaluation of the interaction between FPV and TDF, increases in APV exposures and modest decreases in TFV exposures were observed. These were unlikely to be clinically significant.
Somatosensory function in asymptomatic Parkin‐mutation carriers
Authors: Gierthmühlen J. , Schumacher S. , Deuschl G. , Fritzer E. , Klein C. , Baron R. , Helmchen C. 
Published: October 2009

Background and purpose:  It is a matter of debate whether somatosensory abnormalities in Parkinson’s disease (PD) precede or follow PD motor signs and whether they are of central or peripheral origin. The sensory sural nerve action potential amplitude (SNAP) was previously reported to be reduced in symptomatic Parkin‐associated PD. The aim of our study was to investigate asymptomatic Parkin‐mutation carriers to elucidate whether putative somatosensory abnormalities precede motor symptoms therewith helping to determine the origin of somatosensory signs.Methods:  Nine subjects with Parkin‐mutations and nine healthy controls were examined clinically, with quantitative sensory testing (QST) and neurography.Results:  There was a higher frequency of cold pain threshold abnormalities and hypofunction of Aβ‐fibres/central afferent pathways in Parkin‐mutation carriers compared to controls. Neurography of Parkin‐mutation carriers did not indicate peripheral neuropathy.Conclusions:  Sensory abnormalities of asymptomatic Parkin‐mutation carriers as obtained by QST suggest impairment of either small and large peripheral pathways or central somatosensory processing. In contrast to Parkin‐associated PD, asymptomatic Parkin‐mutation carriers do not show a reduced SNAP.
Diffusion‐weighted imaging findings differ between stroke attributable to spontaneous cervical artery dissection and patent foramen ovale
Authors: Bonati L. H. , Wetzel S. G. , Kessel‐Schaefer A. , Buser P. , Lyrer P. A. , Engelter S. T. 
Published: October 2009

Background and purpose:  Spontaneous cervical arterial dissection and patent foramen ovale (PFO) are important causes of stroke in younger patients. We tested whether characteristics of cerebral ischaemia visible on diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) aid in differentiating between these two aetiologies.Methods:  Diffusion‐weighted imaging was performed after a median of 2 days [interquartile range (IQR) 1–3 days] in 94 consecutive patients with an acute ischaemic stroke caused either by carotid or vertebral artery dissection (n = 33) or PFO (n = 61). We compared number, size, location and predefined patterns of DWI lesions between both aetiologies.Results:  Ninety‐three out of 94 patients had acute DWI lesions and were included in the analysis. Multiple DWI lesions occurred more frequently in patients with dissection (23/33, 70%) than in those with PFO (26/60, 43%, P = 0.02). Lesions were larger in the dissection group [median diameter of largest lesion, 50 mm (IQR 19–68 mm)] than in the PFO group [23 (9–48) mm; P = 0.02]. The distribution of lesion patterns differed between the two aetiologies (P < 0.001): single, non‐territorial infarcts were more frequent in PFO (25/60, 42%) than in dissection (2/33, 6%); large territorial infarcts with or without additional smaller lesions in the same territory occurred in 20/33 (61%) patients with dissection and in 16/60 (27%) patients with PFO.Conclusions:  Diffusion‐weighted imaging characteristics differ between PFO and dissection, suggesting differences in the pathogenesis of brain infarction between these aetiologies. A single non‐territorial infarct seems to favour PFO as stroke aetiology. Whether this or other features are distinctive enough to diagnose PFO or dissection in individual patients requires further testing.
The risk of psoriatic arthritis remains constant following initial diagnosis of psoriasis among patients seen in European dermatology clinics
Authors: Christophers E , Barker JNWN , Griffiths CEM , Daudén E , Milligan G , Molta C , Sato R , Boggs R 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground  Estimates of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) prevalence among psoriasis patients vary widely (5–40%). The time to development of PsA in patients with plaque psoriasis also remains unclear.Objectives  To examine whether length of time since diagnosis of psoriasis affects risk of developing PsA, and to assess differences in quality of life (QoL), work‐related issues, comorbidities and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) for patients with PsA vs. psoriasis.Methods  This large cross‐sectional observational study was conducted in the UK, Italy, France, Spain and Germany in 2006. Dermatologists who actively treated patients with psoriasis recruited 10 consecutive patients with psoriasis. Presence of PsA, body surface area (BSA) affected with psoriasis and HCRU were recorded; patients completed EUROQoL (EQ5D) and employment disadvantages questionnaires.Results  Patients with psoriasis (n = 1560) included 126 with PsA. Ninety per cent of these patients with PsA were seen by dermatologists who involved a rheumatologist in the care of their patients with PsA. Survival analysis indicated that the incidence of PsA among psoriasis patients remained constant (74 per 1000 person‐years), while the prevalence increased with time since diagnosis of psoriasis, reaching 20.5% after 30 years. In addition, those with high BSA currently affected by psoriasis were more likely to have developed PsA (P < 0.028). PsA patients reported reduced QoL compared with psoriasis patients (EQ5D score: 0.56 vs. 0.82: P < 0.0005), as well as more work problems. PsA patients were more likely to be hospitalized (0.27 ± 0.84 vs. 0.14 ± 0.71 per year; P < 0.0005) and have additional comorbidities than those without PsA.Conclusions  The incidence of PsA was constant after initial diagnosis of psoriasis, leading to a higher prevalence of concomitant PsA over time. PsA is associated with decreased QoL and increased work‐related problems, HCRU and comorbidities. Dermatologists should screen for PsA in their patients, especially long‐standing patients who did not initially present with PsA.
Risk factors associated with rosacea
Authors: Abram K , Silm H , Maaroos H‐I , Oona M 
Published: October 2009

AbstractBackground Although rosacea is a common disease, the cause of disease is still a mystery –Helicobacter pyloriinfection, genetic predisposition, climatic factors, and detrimental habits are implicated as triggers of rosacea.Objective The aim of current study is to evaluate several suspected risk factors coincidently.Methods Patients with rosacea from a dermatology clinic and skin‐healthy controls from an randomly selected employees' population enrolled the study. Skin status were evaluated by one and same dermatologist. Participants were queried for age, gender, sun‐reactive skin type, and detrimental habits using a questionnaire; blood samples for detectingHelicobacter pyloriserostatus were collected.Results Totally 145 skin‐healthy controls and 172 subjects either with flushing episodes or established rosacea included the study. In multivariate analysis, rosacea patients had significantly higher chance to have photosensitive skin types (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.01–3.04;P < 0.05), positive family history to rosacea (OR 4.31; 95% CI 2.34–7.92;P < 0.0001) or previous smoking status (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.07–3.80;P < 0.05) comparing with skin‐healthy controls. There were no statistically significant differences either in gender,Helicobacter pyloriserostatus, caffeine intake, alcohol consumption, occupational environment, or education level between rosacea patients and controls.Conclusion Rosacea is foremost associated with familial predisposition. There is no association betweenHelicobacter pyloriinfection and rosacea in current study.
Timing of morphological and ecological innovations in the cyanobacteria – a key to understanding the rise in atmospheric oxygen
Authors: BLANK C. E. , SÁNCHEZ‐BARACALDO P. 
Published: October 2009

AbstractWhen cyanobacteria originated and diversified, and what their ancient traits were, remain critical unresolved problems. Here, we used a phylogenomic approach to construct a well‐resolved ‘core’ cyanobacterial tree. The branching positions of four lineages (Thermosynechococcus elongatus, Synechococcus elongatus, Synechococcus PCC 7335 and Acaryochloris marina) were problematic, probably due to long branch attraction artifacts. A consensus genomic tree was used to study trait evolution using ancestral state reconstruction (ASR). The early cyanobacteria were probably unicellular, freshwater, had small cell diameters, and lacked the traits to form thick microbial mats. Relaxed molecular clock analyses suggested that early cyanobacterial lineages were restricted to freshwater ecosystems until at least 2.4 Ga, before diversifying into coastal brackish and marine environments. The resultant increases in niche space and nutrient availability, and consequent sedimentation of organic carbon into the deep oceans, would have generated large pulses of oxygen into the biosphere, possibly explaining why oxygen rose so rapidly. Rapid atmospheric oxidation could have destroyed the methane‐driven greenhouse with simultaneous drawdown in pCO2, precipitating ‘Snowball Earth’ conditions. The traits associated with the formation of thick, laminated microbial mats (large cell diameters, filamentous growth, sheaths, motility and nitrogen fixation) were not seen until after diversification of the LPP, SPM and PNT clades, after 2.32 Ga. The appearance of these traits overlaps with a global carbon isotopic excursion between 2.2 and 2.1 Ga. Thus, a massive re‐ordering of biogeochemical cycles caused by the appearance of complex laminated microbial communities in marine environments may have caused this excursion. Finally, we show that ASR may provide an explanation for why cyanobacterial microfossils have not been observed until after 2.0 Ga, and make suggestions for how future paleobiological searches for early cyanobacteria might proceed. In summary, key evolutionary events in the microbial world may have triggered some of the key geologic upheavals on the Paleoproterozoic Earth.
Voluntary Disclosures and Analyst Feedback
Authors: LANGBERG NISAN , SIVARAMAKRISHNAN K. 
Published: October 2009

ABSTRACTWe study the resource allocation role of voluntary disclosures when feedback from financial markets is potentially useful to managers in undertaking value maximizing actions. Managers weigh the short‐term price implications of disclosure against the long‐term efficiency gains due to feedback while financial analysts strategically produce information. The model can explain why managers disclose bad information (e.g., grim outlook), that reduces the stock price, and why prices respond more strongly to bad news relative to good news. We find that not all firms enjoy the same quality of feedback, and that feedback, by itself, does not induce more disclosure but less.
Students’ Drinker Prototypes and Alcohol Use in a Naturalistic Setting
Authors: Spijkerman Renske , Larsen Helle , Gibbons Frederick X. , Engels Rutger C.M.E. 
Published: October 2009

Background:  Perceptions about the type of people who drink, also referred to as drinker prototypes, may strengthen young people’s motivation to engage in alcohol use. Previous research has shown that drinker prototypes are related to alcohol consumption in both adolescents and young adults. However, the evidence for the strength of these relationships remains inconclusive. One of the caveats in former studies is that all insights about prototype relations are based on self‐reported data from youngsters themselves, mostly gathered in a class situation, which may contain bias due to memory distortions and self‐presentation concerns.Methods:  The present study examined the impact of drinker prototypes on young adults’ drinking patterns by using a less obtrusive measure to assess alcohol consumption, i.e. ad lib drinking among friend groups in the naturalistic setting of a bar lab. Drinker prototypes, self‐reported alcohol use in the past, and observed alcohol intake in the bar lab were assessed among 200 college students. Relations between participants’ drinker prototypes and their self‐reported and observed drinking behavior were examined by computing correlations and conducting multilevel analyses.Results:  Drinker prototypes were related to both self‐reported and observed alcohol use. However, the drinking patterns of friend group members had a strong impact on participants’ individual drinking rates in the bar lab. After these group effects had been controlled for, only heavy drinker prototypes showed relations with observed alcohol intake in the bar lab.Conclusions:  These findings further establish the value of drinker prototypes in predicting young adults’ drinking behavior and suggest that people’s motivation to drink alcohol in real‐life drinking situations is related to their perceptions about heavy drinkers.