bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Necrophilic behaviour in wild stump-tailed macaques (Macaca arctoides)
Authors: Toyoda Aru , Gonçalves André , Maruhashi Tamaki , Malaivijitnond Suchinda , Matsuda Ikki 
Published: May 2024

AbstractNecrophilic behavior (attempted copulation with corpses) has been scarcely reported in non-human primates, especially in the wild. Here is the first case of necrophilic behavior observed in wild stump-tailed macaques in Thailand. Six groups of total N > 460 individuals have been identified and habituated. The corpse of an adult female was found and directly observed for 2 days and by camera trap for 3 days. The cause of death could not be identified, but no prominent physical injury was detected. Within 3 days of the observation, three different males attempted copulation with the corpse. Noteworthy for this observation was that not only males in the group of the dead female but also males from different groups interacted with the corpse. Taken together, these observations suggest that some cues emanating from the corpse coupled with a nonresistant/passive orientation may have triggered these responses in the males. Given that necrophiliac responses have been scarcely reported in non-human primates, our findings provide new insight into these behaviors and to comparative thanatology in general.
Analysis of distribution method of designed air quantity in coal mine ventilation—a case study
Authors: Wang Yongyin , Pan Qizhi , Gao Lin , Cao Yunqin , Liu Ping , Yi Hanhua , Gao Changsi 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn a coal mine, air leakage exists in some roadways through doors and other ventilation structures inevitably. Based on this opinion, there are different views on whether these roadways must be assigned airflow in coal mine ventilation design. This paper analyses some relevant regulations and criteria on the designed air quantity of coal mines. Then, based on the ventilation design of the Guizhou Yizhong Coal Mine, through the study of the calculation of needed air quantity of every working place and its distribution method in coal mine ventilation design, this paper puts forward that explosion-proof door, safety exit, and other short distance roadways with ventilation structures need not assign airflow in coal mine ventilation design, while some long-distance roadways need. Additionally, it presents the main reason to support this opinion, gives the distribution method of inner air leakage quantity, which comes with the calculation of the designed mine total air quantity, puts forward the remedy method for the air leakage through ventilation structures in a coal mine ventilation system, then offers the mine operator with the basic opinions for the day-to-day planning and effective operation of a coal mine ventilation system.
Evaluation and validation of suitable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis in lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)
Authors: Wang Bin , Zhu Fenglin , Zheng Xingwen , Yang Liangbo , Diao Ying , Hu Zhongli 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe qRT-PCR technique has been regarded as an important tool for assessing gene expression diversity. Selection of appropriate reference genes is essential for validating deviation and obtaining reliable and accurate results. Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn) is a common aquatic plant with important aesthetic, commercial, and cultural values. Twelve candidate genes, which are typically used as reference genes for qRT-PCR in other plants, were selected for this study. These candidate reference genes were cloned with, specific primers designed based on published sequences. In particular, the expression level of each gene was examined in different tissues and growth stages of Lotus. Notably, the expression stability of these candidate genes was assessed using the software programs geNorm and NormFinder. As a result, the most efficient reference genes for rootstock expansion were TBP and UBQ. In addition, TBP and EF-1α were the most efficient reference genes in various floral tissues, while ACT and GAPDH were the most stable genes at all developmental stages of the seed. CYP and GAPDH were the best reference genes at different stages of leaf development, but TUA was the least stable. Meanwhile, the gene expression profile of NnEXPA was analyzed to confirm the validity of the findings. It was concluded that, TBP and GAPDH were identified as the best reference genes. The results of this study may help researchers to select appropriate reference genes and thus obtain credible results for further quantitative RT-qPCR gene expression analyses in Lotus.
Significance of atherosclerotic plaque location in recanalizing non-acute long-segment occlusion of the internal carotid artery
Authors: Zhao Tong-Yuan , Xu Gang-Qin , Xue Jiang-Yu , Bai Wei-Xing , Cai Dong-Yang , Yang Bo-Wen , Shi Wei-Yu , Li Tian-Xiao , Gao Bu-Lang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractTo investigate the significance of atherosclerotic plaque location in hybrid surgery comprising both endovascular recanalization approaches and carotid endarterectomy for symptomatic atherosclerotic non-acute long-segment occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA), 162 patients were enrolled, including 120 (74.1%) patients in the proximal plaque group and 42 (25.9%) in the distal plaque group. Surgical recanalization was performed in all patients, with successful recanalization in 119 (99.2%) patients in the proximal and 39 (92.9%) in the distal plaque group. The total successful recanalization rate was 97.5% (158/162) with a failure rate of 2.5% (4/162). Periprocedural complications occurred in 5 (4.2% or 5/120) patients in the proximal plaque group, including neck infection in two (1.7%), recurrent nerve injury in 1 (0.8%), and laryngeal edema in 2 (1.7%), and 2 (4.8%) in the distal plaque group, including femoral puncture infection in 2 (4.8%). No severe complications occurred in either group. Univariate analysis showed plaque location was a significant (P = 0.018) risk factor for successful recanalization, and multivariate analysis indicated that the plaque location remained a significant independent risk factor for recanalization success (P = 0.017). In follow-up 6–48 months after the recanalization surgery, reocclusion occurred in two (2.8%) patients in the proximal plaque group and 4 (13.3%) in the distal plaque group. In conclusion, although hybrid surgery achieves similar outcomes in patients with ICA occlusion caused by either proximal or distal atherosclerotic plaques, plaque location may be a significant risk factor for successful recanalization of symptomatic non-acute long-segment ICA occlusion.
Umschriebene Nekrosen bei älteren Punktionsarealen
Authors: Krönung Gerhard 
Published: May 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGUmschriebene Hautnekrosen sind eine nicht häufige, trotzdem typische Komplikation älterer Punktionsareale. Die schlechte Vaskularisation der durch die Vielfachpunktion entstandenen Vernarbung von Haut und Shuntvenenwand ist wohl dominant ursächlich für diese Komplikation. Eine korrigierende Aneurysmakaliberreduktion ist auch bei älteren, stark vernarbten aneurysmatischen Punktionsarealen komplikationsarm möglich, wenn shuntspezifische indikatorische und operationstechnische Regeln beachtet werden. Einige Aspekte hierzu werden dargestellt.
Peritonealdialyse: die richtige Antwortauf Krankenhausreform, Fachkräftemangelund globale Fragen inklusive Klimawandel
Authors: Alscher Mark Dominik 
Published: May 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGAuf den ersten Blick sind die aktuellen Bemühungen um eine Krankenhausreform in Deutschland (Krankenhausversorgungverbesserungsgesetz), der Fachkräftemangel und die globalen Fragen inklusive Klimawandel zunächst unzusammenhängende Probleme und Themen, die aber alle Einflüsse auf das Gesundheitssystem haben. Diese wirken auf die Leistungserbringungen und beeinflussen die Wahl der zum Einsatz kommenden Methoden. Insbesondere bei gleichwertigen oder ähnlichen therapeutischen Verfahren hinsichtlich Mortalität, Komplikationen und Lebensqualität werden diese aber zu entscheidenden Determinanten bei der Wahl des Verfahrens. Die Verfahren der Peritonealdialyse versus der Hämodialyse sind hinsichtlich der Mortalität, der Komplikationen in den ersten 3–5 Jahren und der Lebensqualität innerhalb von Schwankungsbreiten zwar teils unterschiedlich, aber nicht von einer Signifikanz, die den Einsatz des einen oder anderen Verfahrens grundsätzlich ausschließt. Deshalb entstehen neue Entscheidungskomponenten, die bei der Verfahrenswahl hinzugezogen werden müssen. Weiter muss auch diskutiert werden, welche Infrastruktur für ein Verfahren zur Verfügung steht. Ein westliches Industrieland, in dem momentan jederzeit und überall ausreichend Wasser, Elektrizität und Transportsysteme verfügbar sind, hat andere Möglichkeiten als ein Land, in dem dies nicht so ist. Weiter müssen wir damit rechnen, dass auch in den westlichen Industrieländern diese Versorgung zunehmend nicht mehr gesichert sein wird. Der Fachkräftemangel, der sich zukünftig noch verschärfen wird, spielt weiter für alle Gesundheitssysteme eine Rolle. Therapeutische Systeme, die weniger Assistenz durch geschultes Fachpersonal benötigen, sind dann deutlich attraktiver. Auf diese Zusammenhänge geht dieser Beitrag ein.
Vergleich von Methoden zur Effektivitätsmessung der Hämodialyse: eine quantitative Beobachtungsstudie
Authors: Zhang Nanxi 
Published: May 2024

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Angemessenheit der Dialyse hängt mit der Morbidität und Mortalität von Patienten mit Nierenerkrankungen im Endstadium zusammen. Die Methode zur Überprüfung der Angemessenheit der Hämodialyse kann durch Formelberechnung auf der Grundlage der Blutprobe und auch durch eine Online-Clearance-Messung der Dialysegeräte erfolgen. Die Ziele dieser Studie sind es festzustellen, ob die Kt/V-Werte gleich sind, die aus der Single-Pool-Kt/V-Formel und dem Online-Clearance-Monitoring ermittelt werden, und herauszufinden, welche Faktoren die beiden Werte beeinflussen. Hierzu wurde eine quantitative Beobachtungsstudie durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Werte aus der Online-Clearance-Messung kleiner als bei herkömmlichen Laborberechnungen sind. Je niedriger der Body-Mass-Index (BMI) und das Körpergewicht des Patienten vor der Dialyse, desto wahrscheinlicher ist es, dass er bei herkömmlichen Formelberechnungen ein höheres Kt/V und somit eine bessere Dialyseeffizienz erreicht.
Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation affects factors that regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in the testis of adult progeny
Authors: Viotti Helen , Cavestany Daniel , Martin Graeme B. , Vickers Mark H. , Sloboda Deborah M. , Pedrana Graciela 
Published: May 2024

Context A maternal high-fat diet is thought to pose a risk to spermatogenesis in the progeny. Aims We tested whether a maternal high-fat diet would affect Sertoli cell expression of transcription factors (insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I); glial-cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF); Ets variant 5 (ETV5)) and cell proliferation and apoptotic proteins, in the testis of adult offspring. Methods Pregnant rats were fed ad libitum with a standard diet (Control) or a high-fat diet (HFat) throughout pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, male pups were fed the standard diet until postnatal day 160. Males were monitored daily from postnatal day 34 to determine onset of puberty. On postnatal day 160, their testes were processed for morphometry and immunohistochemistry. Key results The HFat diet increased seminiferous-tubule diameter (P < 0.03), the numbers of Sertoli cells (P < 0.0001) and Ki-67-positive spermatogonia (P < 0.0006), and the areas immunostained for ETV5 (P < 0.0001), caspase-3 (P < 0.001) and Bcl-2 (P < 0.0001). By contrast, the HFat diet reduced the areas immunostained for IGF-I (P < 0.01) and GDNF (P < 0.0001). Conclusions A maternal high-fat diet alters the balance between spermatogonia proliferation and spermatid apoptosis. Implications A maternal high-fat diet seems to ‘program’ adult male fertility.
‘You are not empowered, you have neither character nor pride’
Authors: Del Saz Rubio Maria Milagros 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This paper aims to unveil the most frequent discursive practices of aggressive language addressed at three female
Spanish politicians on X (formerly Twitter) and the themes around which these practices revolve. Isabel Díaz-Ayuso, Irene Montero,
and Yolanda Díaz were selected for analysis. A mixed-methods analysis of 1,500 randomly retrieved posts was conducted. Aggressive
language aimed at delegitimizing the politicians was manually coded based on existing taxonomies. A data-driven taxonomy was
obtained with the most frequently involved themes to assess gender-based representations. Quantitative findings pointed to
interindividual differences that were qualitatively analyzed. Aggression towards Yolanda Díaz was conveyed through insults and
negative comments questioning her intelligence, physical appearance, and political affiliation. Replies to Isabel Díaz-Ayuso
questioned the morality of her decisions regarding social issues. At the same time, Irene Montero received more insults and sexist
negative comments focusing on her sexuality and subordination to male figures.
The Right to Request Flexible Working: Evidence from Employment Tribunal Judgments
Authors: Pearson Megan 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study examines five years of Employment Tribunal judgments on flexible working requests and uses a thematic analysis to identify the issues that have been litigated and to assess how employment tribunals, employees and employers have navigated the Act’s provisions. Whilst the right to request flexible working has been much critiqued because of its limited nature, there is little evidence and discussion of whether it provides a useable and effective process for employees and employers on its own terms. This article identifies three problems with the current legislation: employees can find it difficult to comply with the requirements for a valid statutory request, the difficulty of establishing and complying with the time limits in the legislation and finally the difficulty for tribunals in defining and applying core concepts relating to its power of review over employers’ decisions. These issues will not be resolved through the new Employment Relations (Flexible Working) Act 2023 and in some ways will be made more difficult.
Congenital Disseminated Pyogenic Granuloma: A Case With Numerous Mucocutaneous and Visceral Lesions
Authors: Ghaderi-Sohi Siavash , Moradi Behnaz , Shirazi Mahboobeh , Rahimi Rahil , Ravanbakhsh Romina , Kariminejad Ariana , Feizabad Elham 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Congenital disseminated pyogenic granuloma (CDPG) is characterized by eruptive disseminated or localized lesions, which may arise spontaneously or secondary to predisposing factors. Even rarer is the occurrence of CDPG with numerous lesions affecting variable organs, which develop during the fetal period. This report describes the case of a 32-week-old fetus presenting with severe hydrocephalus and vascular intracranial and right lung masses on magnetic resonance imaging. Preterm labor occurred at the 32nd week due to preterm premature rupture of membranes, and the newborn died due to cardiac dysfunction within 2 hours postpartum. The subsequent autopsy revealed multiple violaceous to dark red papules, nodules, pedunculated and un-pedunculated mucocutaneous masses, as well as two brain lesions, a lung lesion, a thoracic wall intramuscular mass, and a pyloric mass. Microscopic examination and immunohistochemical evaluation for glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) confirmed the diagnosis of CDPG. CDPG represents a rare condition with an elusive etiology and limited reports in the literature. Differential diagnosis from multifocal infantile hemangioma, based on GLUT1 negativity of CDPG, is imperative due to differing clinical course and treatment modalities. This report underscores a severe case of CDPG characterized by preterm labor and demise shortly after delivery, notable for its extensive involvement across multiple organs, including the brain, lung, intestine, musculoskeletal system, mucosal, and numerous cutaneous sites.
Evaluation of three-dimensional reconstruction technology in precision hepatectomy for primary liver cancer
Authors: Sakib S M Nazmuz 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Primary liver cancer has become a potent threat to the world due to its high morbidity and mortality rate. Up till now, liver transplantation is the most suggested treatment, but it is not feasible owing to the unavailability of donors and high cost. Hepatectomy provides an alternative treatment to this deadliest disease. Precision hepatectomy is performed with the aid of traditional two-dimensional technology and image processing such as computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging. However, it requires extensive expertise and pose challenges to the young doctors in decision making. Modern imaging and computer technology has opened the new avenues in medical field with the advent of three-dimensional reconstruction and visualization methods.

Materials and Methods
We conducted a cohort retrospective study. In this study, we tried to evaluate the efficacy and impacts of three-dimensional reconstruction on the preoperative planning of hepatectomy, intraoperative conditions, and postoperative complications. We took 95 patients and divided them in groups A and B. Group A has 67 patients who underwent hepatectomy before the application of three-dimensional reconstruction and 28 patients on whom hepatectomy was performed according to the planning and methods of three-dimensional reconstruction, and results were evaluated.

Results
Our study found that three-dimensional reconstruction can help in better diagnosis, resection planning, and reduce the postoperative complication. Results do not have significant difference (P > 0.05) on the incidence of postoperative complication between groups A and B. Results were significant (P < 0.05) for the intraoperative blood loss, optimal surgery time, and postoperative hospitalization.

Conclusions
Hence, three-dimensional reconstruction is a landmark discovery in medical sciences for the accurate evaluation and resection of complex liver cancers.
Perivascular adipose tissue remodeling impairs vasoreactivity in thermoneutral-housed rats
Authors: Henckel Melissa M , Chun Ji Hye , Knaub Leslie A , Pott Gregory B , James Georgia E. , Hunter Kendall S , Shandas Robin , Walker Lori A , Reusch Jane E-B , Keller Amy C 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveVascular pathology, characterized by impaired vasoreactivity and mitochondrial respiration, differs between the sexes. Housing rats under thermoneutral (TN) conditions causes vascular dysfunction and perturbed metabolism. We hypothesized that perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT), a vasoregulatory adipose depot with brown adipose tissue (BAT) phenotype, remodels to a white adipose (WAT) phenotype in rats housed at TN, driving diminished vasoreactivity in a sex-dependent manner.MethodsMale and female Wistar rats were housed at either room temperature (RT) or TN. Endpoints included changes in PVAT morphology, vasoreactivity in vessels with intact PVAT or transferred to PVAT of the oppositely-housed animal, vessel stiffness, vessel mitochondrial respiration and cellular signaling.ResultsRemodeling of PVAT was observed in rats housed at TN; animals in this environment showed PVAT whitening and displayed diminished aortae vasodilation (p<0.05), different between the sexes. Juxtaposing PVAT from RT rats onto aortae from TN rats in females corrected vasodilation (p<0.05); this did not occur in males. In aortae of all animals housed at TN, mitochondrial respiration was significantly diminished in lipid substrate experiments (p<0.05), and there was significantly less expression of peNOS (p<0.001).ConclusionsThese data are consistent with TN-induced remodeling of PVAT, notably associated with sex-specific blunting of vasoreactivity, diminished mitochondrial respiration, and altered cellular signaling.
Cytokinin-induced immunity enhances rice blast resistance
Authors: Chanclud Emilie , Kisiala Anna , Emery R.J. Neil , Mouille Grégory , Boutet Stéphanie , Romiti-Michel Corinne , Morel Jean-Benoit 
Published: May 2024

AbstractPlant cytokinins (CKs) affect the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions. However, despite many examples their role remains ambiguous. In rice, CKs act synergistically with salicylic acid (SA) to induce defense genesin vitrobut no effect on resistance against the blast fungus,Magnaporthe oryzae,was further observedin planta. Here, we demonstrate that exogenous CKs treatment triggers rice blast resistance in a molecule-, dose- and time-dependent manner by affecting defense- and CK-responsive genes. Similar enhanced resistance and gene expression patterns were confirmed in rice insertion mutant lines impaired for a gene that encodes a putative CK inactivation enzyme, supporting that endogenous CKs affect rice immunity. Together, our work brings insights on the CK-induced resistance of rice toM. oryzae.
NCBP1 electrophilic-stress signaling in the nucleus promotes alternatively-spliced S6K1 that dominantly inhibits global translation
Authors: Chang Dalu , Assari Mahdi , Suwathep Chananya , Sappakhaw Khomkrit , Uttamapinant Chayasith , Long Marcus. J. C. , Aye Yimon 
Published: May 2024

AbstractProteome synthesis is profoundly influenced by subcellular stress. However, both the nature of spatiotemporally-restricted cues and the underpinning local responders mediating these cues remain elusive. Unlocking these mechanisms requires an ability to functionally map in living cells locale-specific stress responders and simultaneously interrogate how a localized cue on specific local players contextually impacts proteome synthesisin trans. Here we resolve this prime problem by integrating precision localized electrophile delivery and genetic-code-expansion-based translation reporter tools. Among the four distinct subcellular locales examined, nuclear-targeted stress most prominently inhibits protein translation. We discovered that NCBP1—a nuclear-resident protein with multifaceted roles in eukaryotic mRNA-biogenesis—propagates this nuclear stress signal through a single cysteine (C436) among the 19 conserved, affecting 200 alternative-splicing events across 119 genes differentially-expressed in response to nuclear stress. Global protein-synthesis stall was choreographed by electrophile-labeled NCBP1(C436) triggering the production of alternatively-spliced S6-kinase, which we found to dominantly suppress protein translation.
The brassinosteroid receptor geneBRI1safeguards cell-autonomous brassinosteroid signaling across tissues
Authors: Blanco-Touriñán Noel , Rana Surbhi , Nolan Trevor M. , Li Kunkun , Vukašinović Nemanja , Hsu Che-Wei , Russinova Eugenia , Hardtke ChrisHan S. 
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACTBrassinosteroid signaling is essential for plant growth as exemplified by the dwarf phenotype of loss-of-function mutants inBRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), a ubiquitously expressed Arabidopsis brassinosteroid receptor gene. Complementation of brassinosteroid-blind receptor mutants byBRI1expression with various tissue-specific promoters implied that local brassinosteroid signaling may instruct growth non-cell-autonomously. Here we performed such rescues with a panel of receptor variants and promoters, in combination with tissue-specific transgene knockouts. Our experiments demonstrate that brassinosteroid receptor expression in several tissues is necessary but not sufficient for rescue. Moreover, complementation with tissue-specific promoters requires the genuineBRI1gene body sequence, which confers ubiquitous expression of trace receptor amounts that are sufficient to promote brassinosteroid-dependent root growth. Our data, therefore, argue for a largely cell-autonomous action of brassinosteroid receptors.