bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continuous Infusion versus Intermittent Bolus Dosing of Vecuronium in Patients Receiving Therapeutic Hypothermia After Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jurado Lesly V. , Gulbis Brian E. 
Published: November 2011

Study Objective. To compare the effects of vecuronium administered as an intravenous continuous infusion versus intermittent bolus doses in patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia after sudden cardiac arrest (SCA).Design. Retrospective medical record review.Setting. Cardiac care unit of a university‐affiliated, level I trauma center.Patients. Of 123 adults treated with therapeutic hypothermia after SCA, 80 received continuous‐infusion vecuronium 0.8 μg/kg/minute started 2 hours after cooling began or if shivering occurred (January 1, 2004‐December 31, 2007), and 43 received intermittent boluses of vecuronium 0.05 mg/kg every 2 hours (January 1, 2008‐September 30, 2009).Measurements and Main Results. The degree of neuromuscular blockade was measured with a train‐of‐four (TOF) test. Primary outcomes evaluated were time to achieve goal TOF response and percentage of time the TOF response was maintained at goal. Secondary outcomes included total daily dose of vecuronium, the vecuronium dose needed to achieve goal TOF response, percentage of TOF measurements above or below goal, and time to return of spontaneous respirations and time to extubation after the last dose of vecuronium. The goal TOF response was achieved significantly earlier in the bolus group than the continuous‐infusion group (mean 5.9 vs 11.3 hrs, p=0.008). The mean total daily dose of vecuronium administered in the bolus group was significantly lower than that in the continuous‐infusion group (51.7 vs 76.9 mg, p=0.002). The mean percentage of TOF measurements above goal was higher in the continuous‐infusion group (33% vs 16%, p<0.0001), and the mean percentage of TOF measurements below goal was higher in the bolus group (43% vs 29%, p<0.0001). The median time to return of spontaneous respirations (6 vs 11 hrs, p=0.017) and time to extubation (29.5 vs 89.5 hrs, p<0.0001) were significantly shorter in the continuous‐infusion group than the bolus group.Conclusion. Intermittent boluses of vecuronium were more effective in reaching a goal TOF response earlier compared with continuous‐infusion vecuronium in patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia. The two dosing strategies were equally effective at maintaining a goal TOF response despite patients receiving a significantly lower daily dose of vecuronium in the intermittent‐bolus group.
A general procedure for obtaining the evolving particle‐size distribution of flocculating suspensions
Authors: Yeow Y. Leong , Liow Jong‐Leng , Leong Yee‐Kwong 
Published: November 2011

AbstractA numerical procedure has been developed to solve the population balance equation (PBE) for the flocculation of colloidal suspensions. It has the flexibility to cope with different flocculation kinetics and spread in particle volume. The two key steps in this procedure are the adoption of the logarithm of particle volume as the independent variable and the implementation of uniform discretization in the logarithmic domain. Together they allow the PBE to be represented accurately over the entire particle range overcoming the failure of the popular geometric discretization scheme to represent the PBE satisfactorily for large particles. The Method of Lines is used to convert the PBE from an integro‐differential equation into a set of first‐order ordinary differential equations, which is then integrated using commercial scientific computing software. The procedure has been tested for different kinetics and initial particle distributions. Preservation of particulate volume of between 1 and 8% is consistently observed. © 2011 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 58: 3043–3053, 2012
A rare recessive distal hereditary motor neuropathy with HSJ1 chaperone mutation
Authors: Blumen Sergiu C. , Astord Stéphanie , Robin Valérie , Vignaud Ludivine , Toumi Nawel , Cieslik Aurore , Achiron Anat , Carasso Ralph L. , Gurevich Michael , Braverman Itzhak , Blumen Nava , Munich Arnold , Barkats Martine , Viollet Louis 
Published: November 2011

AbstractObjective:Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMN) form a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders, characterized by muscle weakness and atrophy predominating at the distal part of the limbs, due to the progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord. We report here a novel rare variant of dHMN with autosomal recessive inheritance in a large Jewish family originating from Morocco. The disease is characterized by a predominance of paralysis at the lower limbs and an early adulthood onset. We performed a genetic study in this family to identify and characterized the causing mutation.Methods:Homozygosity mapping strategy and sequencing of the candidate genes were performed. Expression studies were made on patient fibroblasts. Functional experiments were performed on a cellular model of motor neuron disease.Results:We mapped the disease to the 2q34–q36.1 chromosomal region and identified a homozygous splice mutation in the gene HSJ1 (DNAJB2) decreasing the expression of the 2 main isoforms HSJ1a and HSJ1b. Overexpression of both HSJ1a and HSJ1b reduced inclusion formation induced by the mutated SOD1‐A4V in a neuronal cellular model.Interpretation:HSJ1 is a neuronal enriched member of the HSP40/DNAJ co‐chaperone family. Previous studies have shown that HSP40 proteins play a crucial role in protein aggregation and neurodegeneration in several neuronal types, in animal models and human diseases. Interestingly, this mutation causing a loss‐of‐function of HSJ1 is linked to a pure lower motor neuron disease, strongly suggesting that HSJ1 also plays an important and specific role in motor neurons. ANN NEUROL 2012;
LDPE‐based blends and films stabilized with nonreleasing polymeric antioxidants for safer food packaging
Authors: Boragno L. , Stagnaro P. , Losio S. , Sacchi M. C. , Menichetti S. , Viglianisi C. , Piergiovanni L. , Limbo S. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractSeveral novel random copolymers of ethylene and 1‐olefin counits bearing a highly efficient phenolic antioxidant moiety placed at different distances from the polymerizable double bond were prepared in the presence of a metallocene catalyst. These copolymers were melt‐blended with an antioxidant‐free LDPE in an internal batch mixer to obtain innovative materials containing nonreleasing polymeric antioxidants suitable for safer food packaging applications. Blends and films, obtained by compression molding, were tested for their thermal and thermo‐oxidative stability by thermogravimetric analysis both in dynamic and isothermal conditions. Films containing the macromolecular antioxidants showed a longer induction time before O2 uptake starts and, consequently, a higher degradation temperature than neat LDPE or LDPE containing a low molecular weight commercial additive. Aging tests demonstrated that the new polymeric antioxidants also exert a valid protection against photo‐oxidation. Eventually, migration tests demonstrated the absence of any trace of products containing the antioxidant moiety when the films were kept in contact with a food simulant. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis of 4‐Aminoquinazolines by Palladium‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Imidoylation of N‐(2‐Bromoaryl)amidines
Authors: Van Baelen Gitte , Kuijer Sander , Rýček Lukáš , Sergeyev Sergey , Janssen Elwin , de Kanter Frans J. J. , Maes Bert U. W. , Ruijter Eelco , Orru Romano V. A. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractCompared with the widespread use of carbonylative Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions, similar reactions involving isocyanide insertion are almost virgin territory. We investigated the intramolecular imidoylative cross‐coupling of N‐(2‐bromoaryl)amidines, leading to 4‐aminoquinazolines. After thorough optimization of the reaction with respect to palladium source and loading, ligand, base, temperature, and solvent, a small library of 4‐aminoquinazolines was prepared to determine the scope of this method. Various substituents are tolerated on the amidine and the isocyanide, providing efficient access to a broad range of diversely substituted 4‐aminoquinazolines of significant pharmaceutical interest.
Hepatitis C virus – T‐cell responses and viral escape mutations
Authors: Petrovic Danijela , Dempsey Eugene , Doherty Derek G. , Kelleher Dermot , Long Aideen 
Published: November 2011

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small, enveloped RNA virus and the number of HCV‐infected individuals worldwide is estimated to be approximately 170 million. Most HCV infections persist, with up to 80% of all cases leading to chronic hepatitis associated with liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV–host interactions have a crucial role in viral survival, persistence, pathogenicity of infection, and disease progression. Maintenance of a vigorous, sustained cellular immune response recognizing multiple epitopes is essential for viral clearance. To escape immune surveillance, HCV alters its epitopes so that they are no‐longer recognized by T cells and neutralizing antibodies, in addition to interfering with host cell cellular components and signaling pathways. The generation of escape variants is one of the most potent immune evasion strategies utilized by HCV. A large body of evidence suggests that single or multiple mutations within HLA‐restricted epitopes contribute to viral immune escape and establishment of viral persistence. Further elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying immune escape will aid in the design of novel vaccines and therapeutics for the disease.
Unexpected Outcomes of the Oxidation of (Pentafluorophenyl)triphenylphosphanegold(I)
Authors: Hofer Manuel , Nevado Cristina 
Published: November 2011

AbstractRedox gold(I)/gold(III) catalytic cycles have been proposed as the productive mechanistic manifold in a number of gold mediated C–C and C–X bond forming reactions. These transformations rely on the use of stoichiometric oxidants such as iodonium salts and Selectfluor. We have studied the oxidation of electron deficient [Au(C6F5)(PPh3)] (1) in the presence of such oxidizing agents. The reaction of 1 with PhI(OAc)2 afforded cis‐[Au(C6F5)2Cl(PPh3)] (3), which seemed to be produced by oxidation of the starting complex followed by a gold(I)/gold(III) transmetalation process or ligand exchange. The reaction of 1 with Selectfluor afforded an unprecedented gold(I)–gold(III) complex [Au(PPh3)2][Au(C6F5)4] (7).
Organocatalytic “Difficult” Michael Reaction of Ketones with Nitrodienes Utilizing a Primary Amine–Thiourea Based on Di‐tert‐butyl Aspartate
Authors: Tsakos Michail , Kokotos Christoforos G. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe primary amine–thiourea based on di‐tert‐butyl (S)‐aspartate and (1R,2R)‐1,2‐diphenylethylene‐1,2‐diamine has been successfully employed in the “difficult” Michael reaction between aromatic ketones or acetone with nitrodienes. The high stability and reactivity of the catalyst led to improved reaction conditions. Thus, the desired products were obtained in high to excellent yields (up to 100 %) and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 %) even at elevated temperatures.
PlatinumCNV: A Bayesian Gaussian mixture model for genotyping copy number polymorphisms using SNP array signal intensity data
Authors: Kumasaka Natsuhiko , Fujisawa Hironori , Hosono Naoya , Okada Yukinori , Takahashi Atsushi , Nakamura Yusuke , Kubo Michiaki , Kamatani Naoyuki 
Published: November 2011

AbstractWe present a statistical model for allele‐specific patterns of copy number polymorphisms (CNPs) in commercial single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array data. This model is based on the observation that fluorescent signal intensities tend to cluster into clouds of similar allele‐specific copy number (ASCN) genotypes at each SNP locus. To capture the tendency of this clustering to be made vague by instrumental errors, our model allows for cluster memberships to overlap each other, according to a Bayesian Gaussian mixture model (GMM). This approach is flexible, allowing for both absolute scale differences andX/Yscale imbalances of fluorescent signal intensities. The resulting model is also robust toward unobserved ASCN genotypes, which can be problematic for ordinary GMMs. We illustrated the utility of the model by applying it to commercial SNP array intensity data obtained from the Illumina HumanHap 610K platform. We retrieved more than 4,000 allele‐specific CNPs, though 99% of them showed rather simple allele‐specific CNP patterns with only a single aneuploid haplotype among the normal haplotypes. The genotyping accuracy was assessed by two approaches, quantitative PCR and replicated subjects. The results of both of these approaches demonstrated mean genotyping error rates of 1%. We demonstrated a preliminary genome‐wide association study of three hematological traits. The result exhibited that it could form the foundation for new, more effective statistical methods for the mapping of both disease genes and quantitative trait loci with genome‐wide CNPs. The methods described in this work are implemented in a software package, PlatinumCNV, available on the Internet.Genet. Epidemiol. 35:831–844, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Body size and breast cancer risk: The multiethnic cohort
Authors: White Kami K. , Park Song‐Yi , Kolonel Laurence N. , Henderson Brian E. , Wilkens Lynne R. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe influence of body size on postmenopausal breast cancer risk was investigated among five racial/ethnic groups in the Multiethnic Cohort. Participants were 45–75 years old at recruitment (1993–1996), living in Hawaii and California. Of the 82,971 White, African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese and Latina women included in this analysis, 3,030 were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. Body mass index (BMI), height, weight and adulthood weight gain were associated with a significantly higher risk and, with the exception of height, were found to vary across ethnic groups. Native Hawaiians and Japanese with a BMI ≥30.0 compared to 20.0–24.9 kg/m2 had the highest risk (hazard ratio = 1.82, 95% confidence interval: 1.31, 2.54, p‐trend = 0.001, and hazard ratio = 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.24, 2.05, p‐trend < 0.0001, respectively). Current hormone replacement therapy use modified the impact of a high BMI, as non‐ and former users had a significantly higher risk compared to current users. BMI also had a more pronounced risk for advanced tumors compared to localized tumors. When both BMI and adult weight gain were analyzed simultaneously, adult weight gain, rather than BMI, was a significant risk factor overall. These findings emphasize the significance of maintaining a healthy weight throughout adulthood for the prevention of postmenopausal breast cancer.
The antineoplastic antibiotic taurolidine promotes lung and liver metastasis in two syngeneic osteosarcoma mouse models and exhibits severe liver toxicity
Authors: Arlt Matthias J.E. , Walters Denise K. , Banke Ingo J. , Steinmann Patrick , Puskas Gabor J. , Bertz Josefine , Rentsch Katharina M. , Ehrensperger Felix , Born Walter , Fuchs Bruno 
Published: November 2011

AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone tumor. Despite multiagent neoadjuvant chemotherapy, patients with metastatic disease have a poor prognosis. Moreover, currently used chemotherapeutics have severe toxic side effects. Thus, novel agents with improved antimetastatic activity and reduced toxicity are needed. Taurolidine, a broad‐spectrum antimicrobial, has recently been shown to have antineoplastic properties against a variety of tumors and low systemic toxicity. Consequently, we investigated in our study the antineoplastic potential of taurolidine against OS in two different mouse models. Although both OS cell lines, K7M2 and LM8, were sensitive for the compound in vitro, intraperitoneal application of taurolidine failed to inhibit primary tumor growth. Moreover, it enhanced the metastatic load in both models 1.7‐ to 20‐fold and caused severe liver deformations and up to 40% mortality. Thus, systemic toxicity was further investigated in tumor‐free mice histologically, by electron microscopy and by measurements of representative liver enzymes. Taurolidine dose‐dependent fibrous thickening of the liver capsule and adhesions and atrophies of the liver lobes were comparable in healthy and tumor‐bearing mice. Liver toxicity was further indicated by up to eightfold elevated levels of the liver enzymes alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase and GLDH in the circulation. Ultrastructural analysis of affected liver tissue showed swollen mitochondria with cristolysis and numerous lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes. The findings of our study question the applicability of taurolidine for OS treatment and may suggest the need for caution regarding the widespread clinical use of taurolidine as an antineoplastic agent.
Effect of vertebral cement augmentation with polymethylmethacrylate on intervertebral disc and bone tissue
Authors: Krebs Jörg , Ferguson Stephen J. , Goss Ben G. , Stauffer Edouard , Ettinger Ladina , Aebli Nikolaus 
Published: November 2011

AbstractVertebral cement augmentation is reported to be a safe and effective technique for providing stabilization and pain relief. However, adjacent intervertebral discs may be at risk of accelerated degeneration as a result of aggravated nutritional constraints. Therefore, we investigated the effects of injecting polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) into three adjacent lumbar vertebrae on intervertebral disc and vertebral bone tissue in 12 skeletally mature sheep. After 6 and 12 months of augmentation, the sheep were euthanized and their spines were processes for histological evaluation. Semiquantitative histomorphological analysis of discs and endplates was conducted using published criteria. Histomorphological changes in the augmented bone were assessed qualitatively. Approximately 80% of the length of the endplates was in contact with PMMA. However, there was no significant difference between the histopathological score of the discs adjacent to augmented vertebrae and the score of the control discs. Bone tissue reaction to PMMA was characterized by a thin fibrous tissue layer and occasional foreign‐body reactions. New bone formation was present in all augmented vertebrae. Concerns about aggravation of disc degeneration as a result of vertebral cement augmentation seem to be unsubstantiated. Furthermore, adverse effects of PMMA cement on bone biology do not seem to be a relevant issue. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2012.
The relationships of attachment style and social maladjustment to death ideation in depressed women with a history of childhood sexual abuse
Authors: Smith Phillip N. , Gamble Stephanie A. , Cort Natalie A. , Ward Erin A. , Conwell Yeates , Talbot Nancy L. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractThe current study examined the interaction of attachment orientation and acute social maladjustment as risk factors for death ideation in a sample of women with Major Depression and histories of childhood sexual abuse. Social maladjustment was associated with greater endorsement of death ideation. Avoidant and anxious attachment orientations moderated the social maladjustment and death ideation associations in some domains. Work‐related maladjustment was associated with greater odds of death ideation for those with higher attachment avoidance. Parent‐role maladjustment was associated with greater odds of death ideation for those with lower attachment anxiety. Findings demonstrate strong associations between death ideation and social maladjustment, and suggest that death ideation may be specific to certain domains of adjustment for anxious and avoidant attachment styles. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 68:1–10, 2011.
Definitive chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma: An alternative to surgery?
Authors: Tougeron D. , Scotté M. , Hamidou H. , Di Fiore F. , Paillot B. , Michot F. , Michel P. 
Published: November 2011

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesDefinitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is considered curative intent treatment for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Data concerning the usefulness of definitive CRT in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (ADC) are lacking. The aim of the study was to compare the results of definitive CRT versus surgery in patients with an ADC.MethodsAll consecutive patients with a non‐metastatic ADC treated between 1994 and 2008 were retrospectively assessed. Patients were divided into two groups: surgery group (±pre‐operative treatment) versus definitive CRT group.ResultsIn surgery and definitive CRT groups, 67 and 79 patients were evaluated, respectively. A complete resection was achieved in 92.5% of patients in surgery group and a clinical complete response was observed in 49.4% of patients in definitive CRT group. Overall survival was 36.2 ± 2.0 months in surgery group versus 16.5 ± 0.8 months in definitive CRT group (P = 0.02). The predictive factors of survival were age (P < 0.01), stage (P = 0.04), WHO performance status (P < 0.01), initial weight loss (P < 0.01), and the treatment group (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe results of the study do not support definitive CRT as an alternative to surgery in esophageal ADC treatment. Definitive CRT should be reserved for patients with a major operative risk. J. Surg. Oncol. 2012; 105:761–766. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Affinity purification of urinary trypsin inhibitor from human urine
Authors: Xin Yu , Yang Hailin , Xiao Xiaole , Zhang Ling , Zhang Yuran , Tong Yanjun , Chen Yi , Wang Wu 
Published: November 2011

AbstractAffinity protocols for the purification of urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) were developed. To imitate the substrate/inhibitor‐binding domain (S1 domain) of trypsin and chymotrypsin, the key amino acid residues were composed to sorbents. The sorbents were then subjected to adsorption analysis with UTI. The purification process consisted of one step of affinity chromatography and another step of ultrafiltration. The purified enzyme was subjected to SDS‐PAGE, trypsin inhibitor activity and peptide map fingerprinting analysis. As calculated, the theoretical maximum adsorption (Qmax) of two affinity sorbents entitled as S‐D‐G and S‐S‐G were 31.7 and 30.1 mg/g, respectively; the desorption constants Kd of the two sorbents were 8.9 and 18.6 μg/mL, respectively. After the separation of UTI with S‐D‐G and S‐S‐G, reducing SDS‐PAGE analysis revealed that the protein was a single polypeptide with the mass of ∼66 kDa, and the purified proteins were ∼95 and 97% pure, respectively; the band on gel was further confirmed with peptide map fingerprinting analysis. Protein and bioactivity recoveries were 1.3 and 75.9% with S‐D‐G, 1.0 and 70.2% with S‐S‐G, respectively.