bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in sepsis with acute renal dysfunction (ARD)
Authors: Patschan Susann A , Patschan Daniel , Temme Johanna , Korsten Peter , Wessels Johannes T , Koziolek Michael , Henze Elvira , Müller Gerhard A 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Introduction
Sepsis is characterized by systemic microvascular dysfunction. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are critically involved in maintaining vascular homeostasis under both physiological and pathological conditions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the endothelial progenitor cell system in patients suffering from sepsis with acute renal dysfunction.

Methods
Patients with newly diagnosed sepsis were recruited from the ICU in a nonrandomized prospective manner. Blood samples were obtained within the first 12 hours after the diagnosis of sepsis. For quantifying endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), CD133+/Flk-1+ cells were enumerated by cytometric analysis. Analysis of EPC proliferation was performed by a colony-forming units (CFU) assay. Blood concentrations of proangiogenic mediators were measured by ELISA. Acute renal dysfunction was diagnosed according to the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria. Depending on the overall mean creatinine concentration during the stay at the ICU, patients were either assigned to a 'normal creatinine group' or to a 'high creatinine group'. Survival rates, frequency of dialysis, the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II scores, and different laboratory parameters were collected/used for further clinical characterization

Results
Circulating EPCs were significantly higher in all sepsis patients included in the study as opposed to healthy controls. Patients within the 'high creatinine group' showed an even more pronounced EPC increase. In contrast, EPC proliferation was severely affected in sepsis. Neither total circulating EPCs nor EPC proliferation differed between patients requiring dialysis and patients without renal replacement therapy. Cell numbers and cell proliferation also did not differ between surviving patients and patients with sepsis-related death. Serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), stromal derived factor-1 (SDF-1), and Angiopoietin-2 were higher in sepsis than in healthy controls. Sepsis patients within the 'high creatinine group' showed significantly higher mean serum levels of uric acid.

Conclusions
Sepsis significantly affects the endothelial progenitor cell system, as reflected by increased EPC numbers, increased concentrations of proangiogenic mediators, and reduced proliferative capacity of the cells. This occurs independently from the frequency of dialysis and from patient survival. Increased serum levels of uric acid are possibly responsible for stronger EPC mobilization in sepsis patients with higher average creatinine levels.
hzAnalyzer: detection, quantification, and visualization of contiguous homozygosity in high-density genotyping datasets
Authors: Johnson Todd A , Niimura Yoshihito , Tanaka Hiroshi , Nakamura Yusuke , Tsunoda Tatsuhiko 
Published: March 2011

AbstractThe analysis of contiguous homozygosity (runs of homozygous loci) in human genotyping datasets is critical in the search for causal disease variants in monogenic disorders, studies of population history and the identification of targets of natural selection. Here, we report methods for extracting homozygous segments from high-density genotyping datasets, quantifying their local genomic structure, identifying outstanding regions within the genome and visualizing results for comparative analysis between population samples.
CD4+CD25+CD127dimFoxp3+ T cells are cytotoxic for human neurons
Authors: Haile Yohannes , Pasychniyk Dion , Turner Diane , Bleackley R Chris , Giuliani Fabrizio 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACTMS lesions are characterized by destruction of myelin and significant neuronal and axonal loss. Preliminary studies with the use of Tregs in the mouse model of MS have been extremely encouraging. However, recent studies with human cells have shown the presence of different subpopulations of T cells within the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cell phenotype, some of which do not have regulatory functions. These findings suggest a potential difference between mouse and human in the regulatory phenotype. Here, we show that human activated CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells are neurotoxic in vitro. These cells expressed high levels of the cytotoxic molecule GrB and had no suppressive effect. On the contrary, they produced IFN-γ and low IL-17, suggesting a shift toward a TH1 phenotype. Thus, our data confirm the presence of a nonregulatory cytotoxic subpopulation within the human CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells and suggest further studies on the human regulatory phenotype prior to any potential therapeutic application.
Association of Cancer With Geriatric Syndromes in Older Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Mohile Supriya G. , Fan Lin , Reeve Erin , Jean-Pierre Pascal , Mustian Karen , Peppone Luke , Janelsins Michelle , Morrow Gary , Hall William , Dale William 
Published: March 2011

Purpose To identify whether a history of cancer is associated with specific geriatric syndromes in older patients. Patients and Methods Using the 2003 Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey, we analyzed a national sample of 12,480 community-based elders. Differences in prevalence of geriatric syndromes between those with and without cancer were estimated. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to evaluate whether cancer was independently associated with geriatric syndromes. Results Two thousand three hundred forty-nine (18%) reported a history of cancer. Among those with cancer, 60.3% reported one or more geriatric syndromes as compared with 53.2% of those without cancer (P < .001). Those with cancer overall had a statistically significantly higher prevalence of hearing trouble, urinary incontinence, falls, depression, and osteoporosis than those without cancer. Adjusting for possible confounders, those with a history of cancer were more likely to experience depression (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.30; P = .023), falls (adjusted OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.32; P = .010), osteoporosis (adjusted OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.38; P = .004), hearing trouble (adjusted OR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.52; P = .005), and urinary incontinence (adjusted OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.20 to 1.69; P < .001). Analysis of specific cancer subtypes showed that lung cancer was associated with vision, hearing, and eating trouble; prostate cancer was associated with incontinence and falls; cervical/uterine cancer was associated with falls and osteoporosis; and colon cancer was associated with depression and osteoporosis. Conclusion Elderly patients with cancer experience a higher prevalence of geriatric syndromes than those without cancer. Prospective studies that establish the causal relationships between cancer and geriatric syndromes are necessary.
Building Multidimensional Biomarker Views of Type 2 Diabetes on the Basis of Protein Microheterogeneity
Authors: Borges Chad R , Oran Paul E , Buddi Sai , Jarvis Jason W , Schaab Matthew R , Rehder Douglas S , Rogers Stephen P , Taylor Thomas , Nelson Randall W 
Published: March 2011

BACKGROUNDIn 2008, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a Guidance for Industry statement formally recognizing (during drug development) the conjoined nature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which has precipitated an urgent need for panels of markers (and means of analysis) that are able to differentiate subtypes of CVD in the context of T2D. Here, we explore the possibility of creating such panels using the working hypothesis that proteins, in addition to carrying time-cumulative marks of hyperglycemia (e.g., protein glycation in the form of Hb A1c), may carry analogous information with regard to systemic oxidative stress and aberrant enzymatic signaling related to underlying pathobiologies involved in T2D and/or CVD.METHODSWe used mass spectrometric immunoassay to quantify, in targeted fashion, relative differences in the glycation, oxidation, and truncation of 11 specific proteins.RESULTSProtein oxidation and truncation (owing to modified enzymatic activity) are able to distinguish between subsets of diabetic patients with or without a history of myocardial infarction and/or congestive heart failure where markers of glycation alone cannot.CONCLUSIONMarkers based on protein modifications aligned with the known pathobiologies of T2D represent a reservoir of potential cardiovascular markers that are needed to develop the next generation of antidiabetes medications.
Comparative Evaluation of the Moisture Permeation of Polyurethane, Polyethylene, and Fluoropolymer Tubing
Authors: Halper Sara R. , Villahermosa Randy M. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Polymer tubing is used for a variety of applications such as the transport of dry nitrogen and other gases in order to purge systems of moisture and other contaminants. While some polymer tubing are marketed for low-moisture applications, permeation data are often not reported to aid in material selection. Tests were performed to compare moisture permeation for a variety of tubing materials that could be used in dry gas purged systems. The results demonstrated that polyethylene and fluoropolymer tubing exhibited practically no moisture permeation, while polyurethane tubing exhibited a noticeable amount of moisture permeation. The results were compared with the moisture permeation of thin films. The permeation was found to be influenced by many factors as dictated by the various results derived from different brands and different durometers within the same brand. The effect of external relative humidity on permeation was also measured. Approximations can also be made on the internal relative humidity based on the external relative humidity. These approximations can be used as well to determine the maximum possible moisture exposure level outside the tubing or the purge time required for a specific application. The results could assist in material selection based on the desired application.
Truck Scheduling on Multicore
Authors: Pankratius Victor , Tichy Walter F. 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Transportation businesses reduce costs by optimizing the routes of their trucks. However, determining optimal truck schedules is computationally intensive, running for hours on sequential computers. This article describes experience with parallelizing SAP´s Vehicle Scheduling and Routing Optimizer on shared-memory multicore computers. Re-engineering this complex application for a 24-core machine reduced typical computation time on real data from 1.5 hours to 5 minutes. The article discusses successful and unsuccessful parallelization approaches and concludes with lessons learnt.
The influence of body mass index and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system activity on the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and adiponectin in Caucasian men
Authors: Vaidya Anand , Forman John P , Underwood Patricia C , Hopkins Paul N , Williams Gordon H , Pojoga Luminita H , Williams Jonathan S 
Published: March 2011

ObjectivePrevious studies have suggested that circulating adiponectin concentrations are associated positively with vitamin D and negatively with body mass index (BMI) but have not accounted for the influence of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) in this relationship. This is particularly relevant because increased RAAS activity is associated with obesity and is known to lower adiponectin levels. We evaluated the association between adiponectin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) after controlling RAAS activity with dietary sodium equilibration and also evaluated whether this relationship was influenced by BMI.DesignCross-sectional study of 115 hypertensive Caucasian men from the Hypertensive Pathotype Consortium.MethodsTo manipulate RAAS activity, all subjects underwent 1 week of high dietary sodium (HS) diet to suppress RAAS and 1 week of low dietary sodium (LS) diet to stimulate RAAS. Linear regression was used to evaluate the association between adiponectin and 25(OH)D, and the effect of BMI on this relationship, in each dietary condition.ResultsAdiponectin was higher on HS, where circulating RAAS activity was low, when compared with LS (HS=2.9 versus LS=2.4 μg/ml, P<0.0001). 25(OH)D levels were positively associated with adiponectin, and BMI was a statistically significant effect modifier of the relationship between 25(OH)D and adiponectin on both diets (P interaction <0.01 between BMI and 25(OH)D).ConclusionsHigher 25(OH)D concentrations were independently associated with higher adiponectin levels, particularly when BMI was high. Dietary sodium balance and circulating RAAS activity did not appear to affect this relationship. Future studies should explore whether vitamin D supplementation increases adiponectin levels in obesity.
Recognizing Hypoglycemia in Children Through Automated Adverse-Event Detection
Authors: Dickerman Mindy J. , Jacobs Brian R. , Vinodrao Hima , Stockwell David C. 
Published: March 2011

BACKGROUND:
Automated adverse-event detection using triggers derived from the electronic health record (EHR) is an effective method of identifying adverse events, including hypoglycemia. However, the true occurrence of adverse events related to hypoglycemia in pediatric inpatients and the harm that results remain largely unknown.

OBJECTIVE:
We describe the use of an automated adverse-event detection system to detect and categorize hypoglycemia-related adverse events in pediatric inpatients.

METHODS:
A retrospective observational study of all hypoglycemia triggers generated by an EHR-driven surveillance system was conducted at a large urban children's hospital during a 1-year period. All hypoglycemia triggers were investigated to determine if they represented a true adverse event and if that event followed or deviated from the local standard of care. Clinical and demographic variables were analyzed to identify subpopulations at risk for hypoglycemia.

RESULTS:
Of the 1254 hypoglycemia triggers produced, 198 were adverse events (positive predictive value: 15.8%). No hypoglycemic adverse events were identified via the hospital's voluntary incident-reporting system. The majority of hypoglycemia-related adverse events occurred in the NICU (n = 123 of 198 [62.1%]). A total of 154 (77.8%) of the 198 adverse events hospital-wide and 102 (83%) of the 123 adverse events in the NICU occurred in patients who were receiving insulin therapy.

CONCLUSIONS:
Hypoglycemia is common in hospitalized children, particularly neonates and those who receive insulin. An EHR-driven automated adverse-event detection system was effective in identifying hypoglycemia in this population. Automated adverse-event detection holds great promise in augmenting the safety program of organizations who have adopted the EHR.
The Medical Home: Health Care Access and Impact for Children and Youth in the United States
Authors: Strickland Bonnie B. , Jones Jessica R. , Ghandour Reem M. , Kogan Michael D. , Newacheck Paul W. 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE:
The medical home concept encompasses the elements of pediatric care considered essential for all children. We describe here the characteristics of children with medical homes and the relationship between presence of a medical home and selected health care outcomes by using new data from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH).

METHODS:
We used a medical home measure comprising 5 components: having a usual source of care; having a personal physician or nurse; receiving all needed referrals for specialty care; receiving help as needed in coordinating health and health-related care; and receiving family-centered care. A total of 83 448 children aged 1 to 17 years had valid data for all applicable medical home components. The NSCH is a random-digit-dial population-based telephone survey.

RESULTS:
In 2007, 56.9% of US children aged 1 to 17 years received care in medical homes. Younger children were more likely to have a medical home than their older counterparts. Substantial racial/ethnic, socioeconomic, and health-related disparities were present. Children who received care in medical homes were less likely to have unmet medical and dental needs and were more likely to have annual preventive medical visits.

CONCLUSIONS:
Approximately half of the children in the United States have access to all components of a pediatric medical home. Because the medical home is increasingly promoted as the standard for provision of high-quality comprehensive health care, these findings reinforce the need to continue and expand federal, state, and community efforts to ensure that all children have access to this model of care.
Nutrient Enrichment of Mother's Milk and Growth of Very Preterm Infants After Hospital Discharge
Authors: Zachariassen Gitte , Faerk Jan , Grytter Carl , Esberg Birgitte Hass , Hjelmborg Jacob , Mortensen Sven , Thybo Christesen Henrik , Halken Susanne 
Published: March 2011

OBJECTIVE:
To determine if the addition of a multinutrient human milk fortifier to mother's milk while breastfeeding very preterm infants after hospital discharge is possible and whether it influences first-year growth.

METHODS:
Of a cohort of 320 infants (gestational age: 24–32 weeks; birth weight: 535–2255 g), breastfed infants (65% [n = 207]) were randomly assigned shortly before hospital discharge to receive either unfortified (n = 102, group A) or fortified (n = 105, group B) mother's milk until 4 months' corrected age (CA). The remaining infants were bottle-fed with a preterm formula (group C). Follow-up was performed at term and at 2, 4, 6, and 12 months' CA.

RESULTS:
Mean duration of breastfeeding after term was not significantly different between groups A and B (11.8 and 10.6 weeks, respectively). Weight, length, and head circumference were not significantly different between groups A and B at 12 months' CA. Compared with groups A and B, infants in group C had a higher increase in weight z score until term and in length z score until 6 months' CA. At 12 months' CA, boys in group C were significantly longer and heavier compared with those in groups A and B, whereas girls in group C were longer and heavier compared with those in group A only. A higher protein intake was related to a higher serum urea nitrogen level and growth.

CONCLUSIONS:
Fortification of mother's milk after hospital discharge while breastfeeding very preterm infants was possible without influencing breastfeeding duration but did not significantly influence growth parameters at 1 year of age compared with unfortified mother's milk.
A Review of ERP Research: A Future Agenda for Accounting Information Systems
Authors: Grabski Severin V. , Leech Stewart A. , Schmidt Pamela J. 
Published: March 2011

ABSTRACT: ERP systems are typically the largest, most complex, and most demanding information systems implemented by firms, representing a major departure from the individual and departmental information systems prevalent in the past. Firms and individuals are extensively impacted, and many problematic issues remain to be researched. ERP and related integrated technologies are a transformative force on the accounting profession. As the nature of business evolves, accounting expertise is being called on to make broader contributions such as reporting on nonfinancial measures, auditing information systems, implementing management controls within information systems, and providing management consulting services. This review of ERP research is drawn from an extensive examination of the breadth of ERP-related literature without constraints as to a narrow timeframe or limited journal list, although particular attention is directed to the leading journals in information systems and accounting information systems. Early research consisted of descriptive studies of firms implementing ERP systems. Then researchers started to address other research questions about the factors that lead to successful implementations: the need for change management and expanded forms of user education, whether the financial benefit outweighed the cost, and whether the issues are different depending on organizational type and cultural factors. This research encouraged the development of several major ERP research areas: (1) critical success factors, (2) the organizational impact, and (3) the economic impact of ERP systems. We use this taxonomy to establish (1) what we know, (2) what we need, and (3) where we are going in ERP research. The objective of this review is to synthesize the extant ERP research reported without regard to publication domain and make this readily available to accounting researchers. We organize key ERP research by topics of interest in accounting, and map ERP topics onto existing accounting information systems research areas. An emphasis is placed on topics important to accounting, including (but not limited to) the risk management and auditing of ERP systems, regulatory issues, the internal and external economic impacts of ERP systems, extensions needed in ERP systems for XBRL, for interorganizational support, and for the design of management control systems.
See Supplemental Material.
Analgesic drug administration and attitudes about analgesia in cattle among bovine practitioners in the United States
Authors: Fajt Virginia R. , Wagner Sarah A. , Norby Bo 
Published: March 2011

Abstract
Objective—To determine current attitudes and practices related to pain and analgesia in cattle among US veterinarians in bovine practice and to identify factors associated with these attitudes and practices.
Design—Web-based survey.
Sample—3,019 US members of the American Association of Bovine Practitioners (AABP) with e-mail addresses.
Procedures—Veterinarians were invited via e-mail to participate in a Web-based survey. Respondents replied to questions related to pain and analgesia and supplied personal, professional, and demographic information. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed, and associations among various factors were examined.
Results—666 surveys (25.5% response rate) were analyzed. Among common procedures and medical conditions of cattle listed on the survey, castration of dairy calves < 6 months old was subjectively estimated as causing the least pain; abdominal surgery, toxic mastitis, and dehorning of calves > 6 months old were assessed as causing the greatest pain. Respondents reported not providing analgesic drugs to approximately 70% of calves castrated at < 6 months of age. The most commonly administered analgesics were NSAIDs, local anesthetics, and α2-adrenergic receptor agonists. Significant associations were detected among respondent characteristics and pain ratings, percentages of cattle treated, and opinions regarding analgesia.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results provide information on current attitudes and practices related to pain and analgesia in cattle among US veterinarians in bovine practice and can be considered in the development of policies and protocols for pain management in cattle. These data can be compared with those of future studies to examine changes over time.