bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the utilization of different peroxide dispersion media on the controlled degradation of polypropylene
Authors: Muñoz P. A. R. , Bettini S. H. P. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractA two‐step investigation of polypropylene‐controlled degradation was performed. First the controlled degradation of polypropylene was investigated by assessing the effects of using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and 2,5‐dimethyl‐2,5‐di(t‐butylperoxy) hexane (DHBP) in different suspensions (neat, calcium carbonate, and organically modified montmorillonite). The second part of this research was performed according to a factorial design at two levels (22 experimental design) with center point, in which peroxide concentration and reaction time were studied. Polypropylene degradation was assessed by melt flow rate (MFR) and parallel plate rheometry. Results showed that DCP presented higher molar efficiency in polypropylene degradation reactions in relation to DHBP; likely due to radical recombination reactions. The results also indicate that clay may catalyze the recombination reactions of polypropylene radicals. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2013
Macroporous dehydroalanine polymer hydrogel with fast temperature response and high repetition durability
Authors: Tezuka Yoshihiko , Tanaka Hitoshi 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThermoresponsive hydrogels based on poly(methyl 2‐isobutyramidoacrylate) (PMIBA) were prepared by free‐radical crosslinking polymerization of the corresponding monomer using N,N′‐methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinker. The PMIBA hydrogels showed a reversible temperature‐induced volume change with a volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) at 19°C, while they contained more than 60 wt % water even in the equilibrium deswollen state. When the external temperature was raised rapidly above the VPTT, the PMIBA gels shrank smoothly with time at a faster rate than conventional poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels of the same size. The fast and smooth deswelling response of the PMIBA gel is ascribed to its sponge‐like structure with 0.1–1 µm pore sizes formed in the deswollen state. The smooth deswelling response due to the macroporous structure resulted in high durability against repeated changes in the external temperature. The PMIBA gel showed little degradation in the swelling ability when subjected to 50 times of thermal cycling across the VPTT. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2013
Adherence to gastroprotection during cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor treatment and the risk of upper gastrointestinal tract events: A population‐based study
Authors: Valkhoff Vera E. , van Soest Eva M. , Mazzaglia Giampiero , Molokhia Mariam , Schade René , Trifiro Gianluca , Goldstein Jay L. , Hernandez‐Diaz Sonia , Kuipers Ernst J. , Sturkenboom Miriam C. J. M. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveGuidelines recommend coprescription of gastroprotective agents (GPAs) in patients receiving cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitors (coxibs) who are at high risk of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract complications (i.e., patients with a previous complicated ulcer or with multiple risk factors). Suboptimal GPA adherence has been shown to diminish the gastroprotective effect during use of nonselective nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, but little is known about the effect of GPA adherence during coxib treatment. We undertook this study to determine the association between GPA adherence and UGI tract events among patients receiving coxibs.MethodsUsing primary care data from 3 databases, we conducted a case–control study in a cohort of patients age ≥50 years who were newly starting treatment with coxibs and concomitantly taking GPAs. Patients who had a UGI tract event (bleeding or symptomatic ulcer) were matched to event‐free controls for age, sex, database, and calendar date. Coxib treatment intervals were defined as consecutive coxib prescriptions with intervening gaps not exceeding the duration of the previous coxib prescription. Adherence to GPAs was calculated as the proportion of days of coxib treatment covered by a GPA prescription. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe coxib plus GPA–treated cohort consisted of 14,416 coxib‐treated patients who received GPAs for at least 1 day, yielding 16,442 coxib treatment intervals in which a GPA was coprescribed. Most patients were treated with coxibs for <30 days. Seventy‐four patients had a UGI tract event during or shortly after a coxib treatment interval in which a GPA was coprescribed, with an incidence rate of 11.9 (95% CI 9.4–14.8) per 1,000 years of coxib treatment. The risk of UGI tract events was 1.97 (95% CI 0.84–4.60) for patients with <20% adherence to GPAs compared to patients with >80% adherence to GPAs. For every 10% decrease in GPA adherence, the risk of UGI tract events increased by 9% (OR 1.09 [95% CI 1.00–1.18]).ConclusionDecreasing GPA adherence among coxib‐treated patients is associated with an increased risk of UGI tract events.
Meta‐analysis of genetic polymorphisms in granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) reveals shared susceptibility loci with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Chung Sharon A. , Xie Gang , Roshandel Delnaz , Sherva Richard , Edberg Jeffrey C. , Kravitz Megan , Dellaripa Paul F. , Hoffman Gary S. , Mahr Alfred D. , Seo Philip , Specks Ulrich , Spiera Robert F. , St.Clair E. William , Stone John H. , Plenge Robert M. , Siminovitch Katherine A. , Merkel Peter A. , Monach Paul A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the association of previously identified autoimmune disease susceptibility loci with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener's) (GPA), and to determine whether the genetic susceptibility profiles of other autoimmune diseases are associated with those of GPA.MethodsGenetic data from 2 cohorts were meta‐analyzed. Genotypes for 168 previously identified single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with susceptibility to different autoimmune diseases were ascertained in a total of 880 patients with GPA and 1,969 control subjects of European descent. Single‐marker associations were identified using additive logistic regression models. Associations of multiple SNPs with GPA were assessed using genetic risk scores based on susceptibility loci for Crohn's disease, type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), celiac disease, and ulcerative colitis. Adjustment for population substructure was performed in all analyses, using ancestry‐informative markers and principal components analysis.ResultsGenetic polymorphisms in CTLA4 were significantly associated with GPA in the single‐marker meta‐analysis (odds ratio [OR] 0.79, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.70–0.89, P = 9.8 × 10−5). The genetic risk score for RA susceptibility markers was significantly associated with GPA (OR 1.05 per 1‐unit increase in genetic risk score, 95% CI 1.02–1.08, P = 5.1 × 10−5).ConclusionRA and GPA may arise from a similar genetic predisposition. Aside from CTLA4, other loci previously found to be associated with common autoimmune diseases were not statistically significantly associated with GPA in this study.
Large‐scale production of human mesenchymal stem cells for clinical applications
Authors: Jung Sunghoon , Panchalingam Krishna M. , Wuerth Reynold D. , Rosenberg Lawrence , Behie Leo A. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have many potential applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Currently, hMSCs are generated through conventional static adherent cultures in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) for clinical applications (e.g., multiple sclerosis). However, these methods are not appropriate to meet the expected future demand for quality‐assured hMSCs for human therapeutic use. Hence, it is imperative to develop an effective hMSC production system, which should be controllable, reproducible, and scalable. To this end, efforts have been made by several international research groups to develop (i) alternative media either by replacing FBS with human‐sourced supplements (such as human serum or platelet lysate) or by identifying defined serum‐free formulations consisting of key growth/attachment factors, and (ii) controlled bioreactor protocols. In this regard, we review here current hMSC production technologies and future perspectives toward efficient methods for the generation of clinically relevant numbers of hMSC therapeutics.
Perfusion bioreactor studies of chondrocyte growth in alginate–chitosan capsules
Authors: Forsey Richard W. , Tare Rahul , Oreffo Richard O. C. , Chaudhuri Julian B. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe combination of progenitor cells, cell‐friendly scaffold, and a three‐dimensional culture system has been investigated for the culture of cartilage tissue. We have assessed chondrogenesis of alginate–chitosan‐encapsulated STRO‐1‐isolated human mesenchymal progenitor cells. In addition, ATDC‐5 cells and human articular chondrocytes were also evaluated. We have used a novel 3D bioreactor system that enabled perfusion of the capsules with culture medium up to 28 days. Results from culturing all cell types indicated chondrogenesis, both in static and bioreactor culture. The expression of SOX‐9 and type II collagen was examined as a marker of differentiation. ATDC‐5s expressed both SOX‐9 and type II collagen under perfused and static culture conditions. In monolayer cell culture, human articular chondrocytes did not express either SOX‐9 or type II collagen and STRO‐1 expressed alkaline phosphatase, indicating osteogenesis. However, when these cells were encapsulated in alginate–chitosan, both expressed SOX‐9 under static and perfused cultures, but type II collagen was only expressed under perfused culture conditions. We have also noted that the perfusion rates used were too low to ensure a significant advantage over static culture, but that use of the bioreactor eliminated the need for manual feeding and intervention of the cells over the 28‐day period.
Dried blood spot on‐card derivatization: an alternative form of sample handling to overcome the instability of thiorphan in biological matrix
Authors: Mess Jean‐Nicholas , Taillon Marie‐Pierre , Côté Cynthia , Garofolo Fabio 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThiorphan, the active metabolite of racecadotril, can undergo oxidation in biological matrices such as blood and plasma. In bioanalysis, a general approach for the stabilization of such a molecule is to derivatize the thiol group to a more stable thioether, often requiring complex handling procedures at the clinical site. In this research, the concept of dried blood spot (DBS) on‐card derivatization was evaluated to stabilize thiorphan. DBS cards were in‐house pre‐treated with 2‐bromo‐3′‐methoxyacetophenone and left to dry prior to blood spotting. Thiorphan was shown to be effectively derivatized to thiorphan–methoxyacetophenone once applied on the in‐house pre‐treated cards. Thiorphan–methoxyacetophenone was extracted by soaking a 6 mm DBS punch in methanol containing the internal standard (thiorphan–methoxyacetophenone‐D5). Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters XBridge C18 column with a gradient elution of 5 m m NH4HCO3 and methanol in 2.5 min and detection by ESI(+)/MS/MS. A linear (weighted 1/x2) relationship was obtained over a concentration range of 5.00–600.00 ng/mL. The assay met regulatory guidelines acceptance criteria for sensitivity, selectivity, precision and accuracy, matrix effect, recovery, dilution integrity and multiple stability evaluations. The DBS on‐card derivatization has shown to be an easy and reliable alternative form of sample collection for the quantification of thiorphan. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neural correlates of action understanding in infants: influence of motor experience
Authors: Virji‐Babul N. , Rose A. , Moiseeva N. , Makan N. 
Published: April 2012

AbstractMirror neurons are recognized as a crucial aspect of motor and social learning yet we know little about their origins and development. Two competing hypotheses are highlighted in the literature. One suggests that mirror neurons may be innate and are an adaptation for action understanding. The alternative, proposes that mirror neurons develop through sensorimotor experience. To date, there has been little direct evidence from infant studies to support either argument. In the present study, we explored the temporal dynamics and spatial distribution of electroencephalography (EEG) brain responses in young infants during the observation of three distinct types of actions: (a) actions that are within the motor repertoire of infants, (b) actions that are not within the motor repertoire of infants, and (c) object motion. We show that young infants had significant motor resonance to all types of actions in the sensorimotor regions. Only observation of human goal‐directed actions led to significant responses in the parietal regions. Importantly, there was no significant mu desychronization observed in the temporal regions under any observation condition. In addition, the onset of mu desychronization occurred earliest in response to object motion, followed by reaching, and finally walking. Our results suggest that the infants may have a basic, experience‐independent sensorimotor mechanism optimized to detect all coherent motion that is modulated by experience.
Effect of lesion length on functional significance of intermediate long coronary lesions
Authors: López‐Palop Ramón , Carrillo Pilar , Cordero Alberto , Frutos Araceli , Mateo Irene , Mashlab Samer , Roldán Julian 
Published: April 2012

ObjectiveTo assess the relationship between lesion length and other angiographic parameters on the functional significance of long coronary lesions with moderate stenosis.BackgroundCoronary revascularization is usually based on angiographic percent stenosis. Coronary stenosis length is not usually considered in daily clinical practice for revascularization decision‐making. The relevance of lesion length might be greater in longer lesions with intermediate stenosis.MethodsAll coronary lesions >20 mm and of 40–70% percent stenosis assessed by intracoronary pressure wire between 2007 and 2009 were included. Interventionists performing digital quantification of lesion stenosis were blinded to the result of fractional flow reserve (FFR). Correlations between angiographic data and FFR were analyzed.ResultsOne hundred and six lesions from 103 patients were included. Reference diameter: 2.9 ± 0.56 mm; maximal stenosis: 49.0 ± 8.7%; minimal luminal diameter (MinimalLD): 1.48 ± 0.4 mm; mean luminal diameter (MeanLD): 2.3 ± 0.5 mm; mean lesion length: 28.7 ± 10.6 mm. Lesions with FFR <0.75 accounted for 33% (n = 35). Weak correlations were obtained between FFR and MinimalLD (r = 0.36; P < 0.0005), MeanLD (r = 0.24; P = 0.014), maximal stenosis (r = 0.31; P = 0.001), and mean stenosis (r = 0.018; P = 0.85); strong correlations were observed between FFR and lesion length (r = 0.63; P < 0.0005), lesion length/MinimalLD (r = 0.67; P < 0.0005), and lesion length/MeanLD (0.72; P < 0.0005). The predictive values of lesion length, lesion length/MinimalLD, and lesion length/MeanLD for FFR <0.75 were 0.86, 0.91, and 0.92, respectively.ConclusionsIn long lesions (>20 mm) with moderate angiographic stenosis, lesion length might be the strongest determinant of functional repercussion. Lesion length should be considered when judging the benefit of revascularization or perform functional functional measures that overcome the limitations of simple stenosis quantification. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liquid chromatographic resolution of 3‐amino‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐ones on crown ether‐based chiral stationary phases
Authors: Park Je Young , Jin Kab Bong , Hyun Myung Ho 
Published: April 2012

Abstract3‐Amino‐5‐phenyl (or 5‐methyl)‐1,4‐benzodiazepin‐2‐ones, which are chiral precursors of anti‐respiratory syncytial virus active agents, were resolved on three different chiral stationary phases (CSPs) based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid or (3,3′‐diphenyl‐1,1′‐binaphthyl)‐20‐crown‐6. Among the three CSPs, the CSP that is based on (3,3′‐diphenyl‐1,1′‐binaphthyl)‐20‐crown‐6 and containing residual silanol group‐protecting n‐octyl groups on the silica surface was found to be most effective with the use of 80% ethanol in water containing perchloric acid (10 mM) and ammonium acetate (1.0 mM) as a mobile phase. The separation factors (α) and resolutions (RS) were in the range of 1.90–3.21 and 2.79–5.96, respectively. From the relationship between the analyte structure and the chromatographic resolution behavior, the chiral recognition mechanism on the CSP based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid was proposed to be different from that on the CSP based on (3,3′‐diphenyl‐1,1′‐binaphthyl)‐20‐crown‐6. In addition, the chromatographic resolution behavior of the most effective CSP was investigated as a function of the composition of aqueous mobile phase containing organic and acidic modifier and ammonium acetate. Chirality 24:427‐431, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Manganese‐Enhanced MRI Contrast Agents: From Small Chelates to Nanosized Hybrids The Development of Iron(II) Complexes as ParaCEST MRI Contrast Agents Lanthanide Complexes as Paramagnetic Probes for 19F Magnetic Resonance The Solution Structure and Dynamics of MRI Probes Based on Lanthanide(III) DOTA as Investigated by DFT and NMR Spectroscopy (Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 11/2012)
Authors: Kueny‐Stotz Marie , Felder‐Flesch Delphine , Morrow Janet R. , Parker David , Kuprov Ilya , Platas‐Iglesias Carlos 
Published: April 2012

AbstractThe cover picture highlights various aspects of research in the field of metal‐based MRI probes. The picture includes graphics from four Microreviews in this Cluster Issue superimposed on an angiographic MRI image. Shown at the bottom left is a macromolecular MnII complex (D. Felder‐Flesch, M. Kueny‐Stotz, and A. Garofalo), which is an example of manganese‐enhanced MRI contrast agents. At the bottom right, the optimization of the CEST effect for a FeII complex at close to physiological pH (J. R. Morrow and S. J. Dorazio) is depicted. Right next to it is a pseudocontact shift field around a model of a lanthanide–DOTA complex (D. Parker, I. Kuprov, and P. Harvey), illustrating the physicochemical basis of probe design for 19F MRS and MRI applications. At the top left is an energy diagram for the enantiomerization process of a LnIII complex with a cyclen‐based ligand (C. Platas‐Iglesias), which reflects an improved understanding of the solution structure and dynamics of such systems. The molecular modeling representation of a typical MRI contrast agent, [Gd(DOTA)(H2O)]–, is shown next to it. We thank the authors for providing graphics for the cover and Dr. Giorgio Gatti for putting in his time and creativity to compose this insightful picture. magnified image
Synthesis of 2′,3′‐Dideoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐3′‐(hydroxyimino)‐, ‐3′‐(methoxyimino)‐ and ‐3′‐(hydroxyamino)pyrimidine Nucleosides
Authors: Khalil Ahmed , Mathé Christophe , Périgaud Christian 
Published: April 2012

AbstractNew series of 2′,3′‐dideoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐3′‐(hydroxyimino)‐, ‐3′‐(methoxyimino)‐ and ‐3′‐(hydroxyamino)pyrimidine nucleosides were synthesized. Structural assignments of the former two derivatives, which were obtained as inseparable mixtures of (E) and (Z) isomers, were based upon 1H and 19F NMR spectroscopic analysis. In particular, we observed striking differences in 19F NMR spectra resulting from through‐space N–F coupling for compounds having proximate nitrogen (oxime) and fluorine atoms with lone‐pairs correctly oriented for overlapping. Antiviral and cytotoxic activities of the target nucleosides were evaluated; however, none of them showed any antiviral activity. Only 2′,3′‐dideoxy‐2′‐fluoro‐3′‐(hydroxyamino)cytidine (19) showed moderate activity against the proliferation of murine leukemia cells (L1210).
Telecommunication e‐services orchestration enabling business process management
Authors: Chou Tung‐Hsiang , Seng Jia‐Lang 
Published: April 2012

ABSTRACTThe Internet's widespread popularity and the ubiquity of the World Wide Web have revolutionized the face of business, especially in the telecommunications industry. With the emergence of business process management and of service‐oriented architecture, the focus has shifted to the development of electronic services that integrate business processes and that diversify functionalities available to customers. Most of these worldwide telecom corporations have many kinds of operations support systems in the backend environment. In this research, we present a research framework, a collaboration model and a collaboration layer to describe the method of new generation operations systems and software. This research method achieves the desired properties of telecom e‐services of business process management. Then, we use several illustrations to explain the generality of our method, and we focus on how international telecom corporations have become too concerned with the agility and the integration underlying e‐services integration based on new generation operations systems and software. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An assessment of particle methods for approximating anisotropic dispersion
Authors: Herrera Paulo A. , Beckie Roger D. 
Published: April 2012

SUMMARYWe derive a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) approximation for anisotropic dispersion that only depends upon the first derivative of the kernel function and study its numerical properties. In addition, we compare the performance of the newly derived SPH approximation versus an implementation of the particle strength exchange (PSE) method and a standard finite volume method for simulating multiple scenarios defined by different combinations of physical and numerical parameters. We show that, for regularly spaced particles, given an adequate selection of numerical parameters such as kernel function and smoothing length, the new SPH approximation is comparable with the PSE method in terms of convergence and accuracy and similar to the finite volume method. On other hand, the performance of both particle methods (SPH and PSE) decreases as the degree of disorder of the particle increases. However, we demonstrate that in these situations the accuracy and convergence properties of both particle methods can be improved by an adequate choice of some numerical parameters such as kernel core size and kernel function. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.