bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct Activation of Forkhead Box O3 by Tumor Suppressors p53 and p73 Is Disrupted During Liver Regeneration in Mice†,‡
Authors: Kurinna Svitlana , Stratton Sabrina A. , Tsai Wen-Wei , Akdemir Kadir C. , Gu Weisong , Singh Pallavi , Goode Triona , Darlington Gretchen J. , Barton Michelle Craig 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

The p53 family of proteins regulates the expression of target genes that promote cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, which may be linked to cellular growth control as well as tumor suppression. Within the p53 family, p53 and the transactivating p73 isoform (TA-p73) have hepatic-specific functions in development and tumor suppression. Here, we determined TA-p73 interactions with chromatin in the adult mouse liver and found forkhead box O3 (

Foxo3

) to be one of 158 gene targets. Global profiling of hepatic gene expression in the regenerating liver versus the quiescent liver revealed specific, functional categories of genes regulated over the time of regeneration.

Foxo3

is the most responsive gene among transcription factors with altered expression during regenerative cellular proliferation. p53 and TA-p73 bind a

Foxo3

p53 response element (p53RE) and maintain active expression in the quiescent liver. During regeneration of the liver, the binding of p53 and TA-p73, the recruitment of acetyltransferase p300, and the active chromatin structure of

Foxo3

are disrupted along with a loss of

Foxo3

expression. In agreement with the loss of Foxo3 transcriptional activation, a decrease in histone activation marks (dimethylated histone H3 at lysine 4, acetylated histone H3 at lysine 14, and acetylated H4) at the

Foxo3

p53RE was detected after partial hepatectomy in mice. These parameters of

Foxo3

regulation are reestablished with the completion of liver growth and regeneration and support a temporary suspension of p53 and TA-p73 regulatory functions in normal cells during tissue regeneration. p53-dependent and TA-p73–dependent activation of

Foxo3

was also observed in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and in mouse hepatoma cells overexpressing p53, TA-p73α, and TA-p73β isoforms.

Conclusion:

p53 and p73 directly bind and activate the expression of the

Foxo3

gene in the adult mouse liver and murine cell lines. p53, TA-p73, and p300 binding and

Foxo3

expression decrease during liver regeneration, and this suggests a critical growth control mechanism mediated by these transcription factors

in vivo

.
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of Murine Liver Tumor Cells Promotes Invasion†,‡
Authors: Ding Wei , You Hanning , Dang Hien , LeBlanc Francis , Galicia Vivian , Lu Shelly C. , Stiles Bangyan , Rountree Bart C. 
Published: June 2010

Abstract

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is predicted to play a critical role in metastatic disease in hepatocellular carcinoma. In this study, we used a novel murine model of EMT to elucidate a mechanism of tumor progression and metastasis. A total of 2 × 106 liver cells isolated from

Pten

loxp/loxp/

Alb-Cre

+ mice, expanded from a single CD133+CD45− cell clone, passage 0 (P0), were sequentially transplanted to obtain two passages of tumor cells, P1 and P2. Cells were analyzed for gene expression using microarray and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Functional analysis included cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and orthotopic tumor metastasis assays in vivo. Although P0, P1, and P2 each formed tumors consistent with mixed liver epithelium, within the P2 cells, two distinct cell types were clearly visible: cells with epithelial morphology similar to P0 cells and cells with fibroblastoid morphology. These P2 mesenchymal cells demonstrated increased locomotion on wound healing; increased cell invasion on Matrigel basement membrane; increased EMT-associated gene expression of

Snail1

,

Zeb1

,

and Zeb2

; and down-regulated

E-cadherin

. P2 mesenchymal cells demonstrated significantly faster tumor growth in vivo compared with P2 epithelial counterparts, with invasion of intestine, pancreas, spleen, and lymph nodes. Furthermore, P2 mesenchymal cells secreted high levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), which we propose acts in a paracrine fashion to drive epithelial cells to undergo EMT. In addition, a second murine liver cancer stem cell line with methionine adenosyltransferase 1a deficiency acquired EMT after sequential transplantations, indicating that EMT was not restricted to Pten-deleted tumors.

Conclusion:

EMT is associated with a high rate of liver tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis in vivo, which is driven by HGF secreted from mesenchymal tumor cells in a feed-forward mechanism.
Synthesis of New Phosphonium Ylides Containing Thiophene and Furan Rings and Study of Their Reaction with Mercury(II) Halides: Spectral and Structural Characterization
Authors: Sabounchei Seyyed Javad , Jodaian Vida , Salehzadeh Sadegh , Samiee Sepideh , Dadrass Alireza , Bayat Mehdi , Khavasi Hamid Reza 
Published: June 2010

AbstractReactions of phosphonium ylides (4‐MeC6H4)3PCHC(O)(2‐C4H3S) (tptpy), Ph3PCHC(O)(2‐C4H3O) (fppy), and (4‐MeC6H4)3PCHC(O)(4‐BrC6H4) (bbtppy) with HgX2 (X=Cl, Br, and I) in equimolar ratios in MeOH as solvent leads to the binuclear products 1–3 (Scheme 1). The bridge‐splitting reaction of the binuclear complex [{HgI2(bbtppy)}2] (3c) by DMSO yields the mononuclear complex [HgI2⋅(bbtppy) (DMSO)] (3d) (Scheme 2). This bridge‐splitting reaction can also be a method for the synthesis of mononuclear products. C‐Coordination of the ylide and O‐coordination of DMSO are demonstrated by a single‐crystal X‐ray‐analysis of the mononuclear complex 3d. Characterization of the obtained compounds was also performed by means of elemental analysis and IR and 1H‐, 31P‐, and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. A theoretical study of some HgII complexes with phosphonium ylides is also reported.
Oxygenated 4‐Methylidene Sterols from the South China Sea Sponge Theonella swinhoei
Authors: Zhang Hong‐Jun , Yi Yang‐Hua , Lin Hou‐Wen 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo new O‐bearing 4‐methylidene sterols, 9α‐hydroxy‐15‐oxoconicasterol (1) and 8β‐hydroxy‐B‐norconicasta‐6α‐aldehyde (2), were isolated from the EtOH extract of the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei collected from the South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and comparison with known compounds. In addition, spectroscopic data reported for the known 4‐methylidene sterol 7α‐hydroxyconicasterol (3) were revised.
Amyloid‐Like Fibrillogenesis through Supramolecular Helix‐Mediated Self‐Assembly of Tetrapeptides Containing Non‐Coded α‐Aminoisobutyric Acid (Aib) and 3‐Aminobenzoic Acid (m‐ABA)
Authors: Dutta Arpita , Drew Michael G. B. , Pramanik Animesh 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSingle‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies of two terminally protected tetrapeptides Boc‐Ile‐Aib‐Val‐m‐ABA‐OMe (I) and Boc‐Ile‐Aib‐Phe‐m‐ABA‐OMe (II) (Aib=α‐aminoisobutyric acid; m‐ABA=meta‐aminobenzoic acid) reveal that they form continuous H‐bonded helices through the association of double‐bend (type III and I) building blocks. NMR Studies support the existence of the double‐bend (type III and I) structures of the peptides in solution also. Field emission scanning electron‐microscopic (FE‐SEM) and high‐resolution transmission electron‐microscopic (HR‐TEM) images of the peptides exhibit amyloid‐like fibrils in the solid state. The Congo red‐stained fibrils of peptide I and II, observed between crossed polarizers, show green‐gold birefringence, a characteristic of amyloid fibrils.
Towards Carotenoid Dendrimers: Carotenoid Diesters and Triesters with Aromatic Cores
Authors: Háda Magdolna , Nagy Veronika , Gulyás‐Fekete Gergely , Deli József , Agócs Attila 
Published: June 2010

AbstractFor the evaluation of the synthesis of dendritic esters from carotenoids, various carotenols or their succinates were reacted with bi‐ and trifunctional aromatic acids and alcohols. Several methods were tested, from which the Steglich esterification was found to give the best yields. Apocarotenoids showed higher reactivity in most of the reactions and served as model compounds for C40 carotenoids and their derivatives. The synthesized triesters can be regarded as first generation dendrimers.
New Polyunsaturated Amino Ketones from a Guangxi Sponge Haliclona sp.
Authors: Sun Ji‐Zheng , Yao Li‐Gong , Chen Kao‐Shan , Liu Hai‐Li , Xin Guo‐Rong , Guo Yue‐Wei 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo new uncommon polyunsaturated amino ketones, (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)‐1‐[(2‐phenylethyl)amino]octadeca‐6,9,12,15‐tetraen‐3‐one (1) and (6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)‐1‐(diethylamino)octadeca‐6,9,12,15‐tetraen‐3‐one (2), were isolated from the Gangxi sponge Haliclona sp. The structures of new compounds 1 and 2 were determined by detailed analysis of their 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectra, and high‐resolution mass spectrometry.
Revisiting the Hinsberg Reaction: Facile and Expeditious Synthesis of 3‐Substituted Quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐ones under Catalyst‐Free Conditions in Water
Authors: Murthy Sabbavarapu Narayana , Madhav Bandaru , Nageswar Yadavalli Venkata Durga 
Published: June 2010

AbstractSubstituted benzene‐1,2‐diamine reacted with various α‐keto esters at 50° under mild conditions for 15 min using H2O as reaction medium, providing a variety of 3‐substituted quinoxalinone derivatives in excellent yields. The reaction was instantaneous, and products were isolated by simple filtration.
Daphnane‐Type Diterpenoids from the Flower Buds of Daphne genkwa
Authors: Li Ling‐Zhi , Gao Pin‐Yi , Peng Ying , Wang Li‐Hui , Yang Jing‐Yu , Wu Chun‐Fu , Zhang Yan , Song Shao‐Jiang 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThree new daphnane‐type diterpenoids, genkwanines M–O (1–3, resp.), together with seven known daphnane‐type diterpenoids, genkwanines D and H, genkwaine F, genkwadaphnine, yuanhuatine, yuanhuafine, and yuanhuapine (4–10, resp.), were isolated from the flower buds of Daphne genkwa during a phytochemical investigation. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, especially 2D‐NMR spectra (HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY).
A Facile and Efficient Synthesis of Arylsulfonamido‐Substituted 1,5‐Benzodiazepines and N‐[2‐(3‐Benzoylthioureido)aryl]‐3‐oxobutanamide Derivatives
Authors: Alizadeh Abdolali , Zohreh Nasrin 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA facile and efficient synthesis of 1,5‐benzodiazepines with an arylsulfonamido substituent at C(3) is described. 1,5‐Benzodiazepine, derived from the condensation of benzene‐1,2‐diamine and diketene, reacts with an arylsulfonyl isocyanate via an enamine intermediate to produce the title compounds of potential synthetic and pharmacological interest in good yields (Scheme 1). In addition, reaction of benzene‐1,2‐diamine and diketene in the presence of benzoyl isothiocyanate leads to N‐[2‐(3‐benzoylthioureido)aryl]‐3‐oxobutanamide derivatives (Scheme 2). This reaction proceeds via an imine intermediate and ring opening of diazepine. The structures were corroborated spectroscopically (IR, 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, and EI‐MS) and by elemental analyses. A plausible mechanism for this type of cyclization is proposed (Scheme 3).
Kinetic Study of Peroxidase‐Catalyzed Coupling of Benzene‐1,4‐diamine and N‐(2‐Aminoethyl)naphthalen‐1‐amine: Development of Micromolar Hydrogen Peroxide Reaction System
Authors: Shivakumar Anantharaman , Nagaraja Padmarajaiah , Aradhana Narayanan , Gowda Avinash K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA novel chromogenic method to measure the peroxidase activity using para‐phenylenediamine dihydrochloride (=benzene‐1,4‐diamine hydrochloride; PPDD) and N‐(1‐naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (=N‐(2‐aminoethyl)naphthalen‐1‐amine; NEDA) is presented. The PPDD entraps the free radical and gets oxidized to electrophilic diimine, which couples with NEDA to give an intense red‐colored chromogenic species with maximum absorbance at 490 nm. This assay was adopted for the quantification of H2O2 between 20 and 160 μM. Catalytic efficiency and catalytic power of the commercial peroxidase were found to be 4.47×104 M−1 min−1 and 3.38×10−4 min−1, respectively. The catalytic constant (kcat) and specificity constant (kcat/Km) at saturated concentration of the co‐substrates were 0.0245×103 min−1 and 0.0445 μM−1 min−1, respectively. The chromogenic coupling reaction has a minimum interference from the reducing substances such as ascorbic acid, L‐cystein, citric acid, and oxalic acid. The method being simple, rapid, precise, and sensitive, its applicability has been tested in the crude vegetable extracts that showed peroxidase activity.
Oxidative Degradation of 2,4‐Dihydroxybenzoic Acid by the Fenton and Photo‐Fenton Processes: Kinetics, Mechanisms, and Evidence for the Substitution of H2O2 by O2
Authors: Haddou Ménana , Benoit‐Marquié Florence , Maurette Marie‐Thérèse , Oliveros Esther 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe kinetics and mechanisms of the oxidative degradation of 2,4‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,4‐DHBA) by the Fenton and photo‐Fenton processes were investigated in detail by a combination of HPLC, IC, and TOC analyses. The formation of 2,3,4‐trihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3,4‐THBA) at an early oxidation stage shows that hydroxylation of the aromatic ring is the first step of the process. This intermediate was able to reduce FeIII and to contribute to the recycling of FeII. Complete mineralization could only be achieved under irradiation (photo‐Fenton). A detailed study of the dependence of the rate of mineralization on the concentration of H2O2 and dissolved O2 was carried out. It was found that, even at a low initial concentration of H2O2, mineralization by the photo‐Fenton process was complete in a relatively short time, provided that the O2 concentration was high enough, indicating that O2 may, at least in part, substitute H2O2. Channeling reaction pathways toward O2 rather than H2O2 consumption is of particular interest for the technical development of the photo‐Fenton process.
Marrusidins A and B, New Epimeric Labdane Diterpenes from Marrubium anisodon
Authors: Hussain Ajaz , Perveen Shagufta , Malik Abdul , Khan Amna Nisar , Tareen Rasool Bakhsh 
Published: June 2010

AbstractMarrusidins A (1) and B (2), two new labdane‐type diterpenes, were isolated from the CHCl3‐soluble subfraction of Marrubium anisodon, along with polyodonine. Their structures were assigned with the aid of 1H‐ and 13C‐NMR spectra and by COSY, HMQC, NOESY, and HMBC experiments.
Two New Daphniphyllum Alkaloids from Daphniphyllum calycinum
Authors: Luo Du‐Qiang , Zhu Wen‐Liang , Yang Xiao‐Long , Liang Shu‐Juan , Cao Zhi‐Ran 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo new daphniphyllum alkaloids named 2‐hydroxyyunnandaphnine D (1) and methyl 7‐hydroxyhomodaphniphyllate (2), together with eight known alkaloids, daphnioldhanin D, calyciphylline F, calyciphylline B, deoxycalyciphylline B, daphnicyclidin H, macropodumine C, 9,10‐epoxycalycine A, and yunnandaphnine A, were isolated from the stems and leaves of Daphniphyllum calycinum. Their structures and relative configurations were established on the basis of spectral evidence (including 2D‐NMR) and subsequently confirmed by a single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic diffraction analysis.
Nucleotides. Part LXXVI
Authors: Kvassiouk Evgeny , Charubala Ramamurthy , Pfleiderer Wolfgang 
Published: June 2010

AbstractA series of new fluorescing 8‐(6‐hydroxyhexyl)isoalloxazine (=8‐(6‐hydroxyhexyl)benzo[g]pteridine‐2,4(1H,3H)‐dione) derivatives 4–13 were synthesized from 6‐[(6‐hydroxyhexyl)amino]uracil (2) with 1‐chloro‐4‐nitrosobenzene via 8‐chloro‐10‐(6‐hydroxyhexyl)isoalloxazine (3) and subsequent substitution of the Cl‐atom of 3 by various amines (Scheme). Analogously, 8‐substituted 10‐{3‐[(2,2‐dimethyl‐1,3‐dioxolan‐4‐yl)methoxy]propyl}isoalloxazines 19, 20, and 23–25 were prepared which yielded on deprotection the corresponding 10‐[3‐(2,3‐dihydroxypropoxy)propyl]alloxazines 21, 22, and 26–28. Their conversion into the 3″‐O‐(4,4′‐dimethoxytrityl) derivatives 29–33 and subsequent transformation into the corresponding 2″‐(2‐cyanoethyl N,N‐diisopropylphosphoramidites) 34–38 led to new building blocks for oligonucleotide synthesis. A series of 21‐mer oligodeoxyribonucleotides carrying the fluorescing isoalloxazine 37 in various positions of the chain were assembled in a DNA synthesizer. Combination with the complementary sequence yielded the stable duplexes 40–54 showing by the melting temperatures Tm that the fluorophor (F) does not harm the stability of the unmodified duplex 39 (Table).
Reaction of Hydantoin with Boronic Acids
Authors: Gwynne Erin A. , Holt Jenna C. , Dwan Jerrod R. , Appoh Francis E. , Vogels Christopher M. , Decken Andreas , Westcott Stephen A. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractWe have examined the reaction of hydantoin (=imidazolidine‐2,4‐dione) with (formylphenyl)boronic acids, where the addition of a boronic acid group is hoped to increase bioactivities. Addition of (2‐formylphenyl)boronic acid to hydantoin gave an unexpected azaborine compound, which presumably arises by initial formation of the (phenylmethylidene)hydantoin, with subsequent loss of H2O to give the cyclized product. Reactions of (3‐formylphenyl)‐ and (4‐formylphenyl)boronic acids with hydantoin gave the corresponding [(Z)‐phenylmethylidene]hydantoins in good‐to‐excellent yields. Attempts to use (3‐formylthiophen‐2‐yl)boronic acid gave a product where the boronic acid group has been cleaved.
Photocycloaddition of Conjugated Cyclohex‐2‐enones to 2,3‐Dimethylbuta‐1,3‐diene
Authors: Inhülsen Inga , Schmidt Kerstin , Margaretha Paul 
Published: June 2010

AbstractOn irradiation, in the presence of 2,3‐dimethylbuta‐1,3‐diene, naphthalen‐2‐ones 1 are quantitatively and regioselectively converted to mixtures of diastereoisomeric cyclobutane adducts 3 and 4, whereas, under these conditions, 3‐(alk‐1‐ynyl)cyclohex‐2‐enones 5 give only one cyclobutane adduct 6 regio‐ and diastereoselectively. In contrast, 3‐(alk‐1‐ynyl)‐2‐methylcyclohex‐2‐enones 10 undergo [2+2]‐cycloaddition to the same diene exclusively at the C≡C bond to afford hitherto unknown 3‐cyclobutenylcyclohex‐2‐enones 11.
Oleanane Saponins and Glycerogalactolipids from the Leaves of Guapira graciliflora
Authors: Severi Juliana A. , Fertig Orlando , Plitzko Inken , Vilegas Wagner , Hamburger Matthias , Potterat Olivier 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTwo new saponins, 3‐O‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐galactopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐β‐glucuronopyranosyl]oleanolic acid 28‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl ester (1) and the corresponding monodesmoside, 3‐O‐[β‐D‐xylopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐β‐D‐galactopyranosyl‐(1→3)‐β‐glucuronopyranosyl]oleanolic acid (2), have been isolated from the leaves of Guapira graciliflora (Nyctaginaceae), together with two further oleanane saponins, 3 and 4, daucosterol (5), and two known glycerogalactolipids, 6 and 7. The structures of the new compounds were established by extensive NMR and MS experiments, in conjunction with acid hydrolysis and sugar analysis. This is the first report on the phytochemistry of plants of the genus Guapira.
Sustainability of NGO capacity building in southern Africa: successes and opportunities
Authors: Humphries Debbie , Gomez Ligia , Hartwig Kari 
Published: June 2010

AbstractDespite an increase in organizational capacity building efforts by external organizations in low and middle income countries, the documentation of these efforts and their effects on health programs and systems remains limited. This paper reviews key frameworks for considering sustainability of capacity building and applies these frameworks to an evaluation of the sustainability of an AIDS non‐governmental organization (NGO) capacity building initiative. From 2004–2007 Bristol‐Myers Squibb Foundation's Secure the FutureTM initiative in southern Africa funded a five country program, the NGO Training Institute (NGOTI), to build capacity of NGOs working to address HIV/AIDS. Lessons learned from this project include issues of ownership, the importance of integrating planning for sustainability within capacity‐building projects, and the value of identifying primary capacity‐building objectives in order to select sustainability strategies that are focused on maintaining program benefits. Sustainability for capacity building projects can be developed by discussing key issues early in the planning process with all primary stakeholders. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The conception of administrators regarding the formation of a healthcare consortium in Pernambuco, Brazil: a case study
Authors: Silva Keila S. Brito e , Bezerra Adriana Falangola B. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractThe formation of healthcare consortia is a management strategy adopted by a number of cities in Brazil in order to minimize the difficulties the population has in access to services of greater technological complexity. As administrators are the main governmental actors in the promotion of this strategy, the aim of the present study was to identify the motives, expectations and difficulties faced by the mayors, and secretaries of health that make up a healthcare consortium undergoing a formation process in the rural, coastal zone of the state of Pernambuco. A descriptive, qualitative, case study was conducted. Data collection was carried out through semi‐structured interviews held with mayors and secretaries of health of the municipalities participating in the consortium. Data were analyzed by means of content analysis, using the NVivo 2.0 software program. The administrators cited difficulty in access to specialized services and the high cost of transporting patients to distant locations for treatment as motives for the formation of the consortium. With the implantation of this healthcare strategy, the expectations are a reduction in costs regarding patient transportation, an increase in access to services of greater complexity, and negotiations with other spheres of government. The main difficulties faced are political–partisan conflicts and excessive bureaucracy. Although there were no considerable divergences in the administrators' perceptions, it was evident that those who initiated the formation of the consortium offered a deeper, more detailed discourse, thereby demonstrating greater involvement when compared to those who offered continuity to the process. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cost analysis and efficiency of sub‐district health facilities in two districts in Ghana
Authors: Aboagye Anthony Q.Q. , Degboe Arnold N.K. 
Published: June 2010

AbstractTo establish the full costs borne by sub‐district health facilities in providing services, we analysed the costs and revenues of 10 sub‐district health facilities located in two districts in Ghana. The full costs were obtained by considering staff costs, cost of utilities, cost of using health facility equipment, cost of non‐drug consumables, equipment maintenance expenses, amounts spent on training, community information sessions and other outreach activities as well as all other costs incurred in running the facilities.We found that (i) a large proportion of sub‐district health facility costs is made up of staff salaries; (ii) at all facilities, internally generated funds (IGFs) are substantially lower than costs incurred in running the facilities; (iii) average IGF is several times higher in one district than the other; (iv) wide variations exist in efficiency indicators and (v) there is some evidence that sub‐district health facilities may not necessarily be financially more efficient than hospitals in using financial resources.We suggest that the study should be replicated in other districts; but in the mean time, the health authorities should take note of the conclusions and recommendations of this study. Efforts should also be made to improve record keeping at these facilities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.