bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interference Lithography‐Based Fabrication of 3D Metallic Mesostructures on Reflective Substrates using Electrodeposition‐Compatible Anti‐Reflection Coatings for Power Electronics Cooling
Authors: Singhal Gaurav , Dewanjee Sujan , Bae Gwangmin , Ham Youngjin , Lohan Danny J. , Lan Kai‐Wei , Li Jiaqi , Gebrael Tarek , Joshi Shailesh N. , Jeon Seokwoo , Miljkovic Nenad , Braun Paul V. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA nanostructured copper oxide (nCO) coating which can be electrochemically reduced to copper metal is demonstrated as an anti‐reflection coating, enabling interference lithography of three‐dimensionally structured templates on a surface compatible with subsequent electrodeposition steps. The nCO presents a black needle‐like structure which effectively absorbs the incident radiation during interference lithography. Specular and diffused reflectivity measurements confirm nCO has near‐zero reflectivity from at least UV (350 nm) to near IR (700 nm) wavelengths. A particularly important aspect of the nCO is its ability to be reduced to copper metal, enabling electrodeposition inside porous templates fabricated on the nCO. It is demonstrated electrodeposition of copper within 3D templates defined by interference lithography and proximity field nano‐patterning processes, forming mesostructured metals which enhance two‐phase cooling. The resultant 5 µm thick structures exhibited up to 3 times the critical heat flux and 2 times heat transfer coefficient of bare silicon. The structures are optimized via computational tools including Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and COMSOL Multiphysics. The use of the approach demonstrated here can potentially find application in many areas given the broad importance of mesostructured metals for energy, biomedical, and mechanical applications.
Atrophy links lower novelty‐related locus coeruleus connectivity to cognitive decline in preclinical AD
Authors: Schneider Christoph , Prokopiou Prokopis C. , Papp Kathryn V. , Engels‐Domínguez Nina , Hsieh Stephanie , Juneau Truley A. , Schultz Aaron P. , Rentz Dorene M. , Sperling Reisa A. , Johnson Keith A. , Jacobs Heidi I. L. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONAnimal research has shown that tau pathology in the locus coeruleus (LC) is associated with reduced norepinephrine signaling, lower projection density to the medial temporal lobe (MTL), atrophy, and cognitive impairment. We investigated the contribution of LC‐MTL functional connectivity (FCLC‐MTL) on cortical atrophy across Braak stage regions and its impact on cognition.METHODSWe analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging and amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography data from 128 cognitively normal participants, associating novelty‐related FCLC‐MTL with longitudinal atrophy and cognition with and without Aβ moderation.RESULTSCross‐sectionally, lower FCLC‐MTL was associated with atrophy in Braak stage II regions. Longitudinally, atrophy in Braak stage 2 to 4 regions related to lower baseline FCLC‐MTL at elevated levels of Aβ, but not to other regions. Atrophy in Braak stage 2 regions mediated the relation between FCLC‐MTL and subsequent cognitive decline.DISCUSSIONFCLC‐MTL is implicated in Aβ‐related cortical atrophy, suggesting that LC‐MTL connectivity could confer neuroprotective effects in preclinical AD.Highlights
Novelty‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) LC‐medial temporal lobe (MTL) connectivity links to longitudinal Aβ‐dependent atrophy.
This relationship extended to higher Braak stage regions with increasing Aβ burden.
Longitudinal MTL atrophy mediated the LC‐MTL connectivity–cognition relationship.
Our findings mirror the animal data on MTL atrophy following NE signal dysfunction.
A multistimuli‐responsive recyclable poly(vinyl alcohol)/perylene imide hydrogel of high‐performance piezoresistive sensors for human wearable devices
Authors: Ji Ao , Luo Xingqi , Yang Xinguo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMultiple factors stimulate human beings in their daily lives, but uniformly collecting these signals is challenging. This study proposes a physically cross‐linked method that employs hydrogen bonding interactions to prepare poly(vinyl alcohol)/perylene imide (PVA/PI) hydrogels. The prepared PVA/PI hydrogels demonstrate favorable compressive strength (45–75 kPa) and adhesion properties. At room temperature, elongation reaches approximately 400%. Additionally, the PVA/PI hydrogels exhibit strong mechanical properties, with a maximum elongation of 200%, and high ionic‐electronic conductivity of 29.6 S m−1, even after being soaked in a 2 M HCl solution for 24 h. The water‐soluble PI in the PVA/PI hydrogels is environmentally responsive, resulting in a current response time of 100 ms under 365 nm irradiation, as well as reversible fluorescence changes across different pH levels. Both the PVA5/PI1 and PVA5/PI1/HCl2 (the concentrations were 5 wt%, 1 mg mL−1 and 2 mol L−1, respectively) hydrogels demonstrate high sensitivity (0.49 and 7.88 kPa−1) and a wide pressure monitoring range (0.088–30.67 kPa and 0.088–18.67 kPa, respectively) as pressure sensors. The first developed recyclable PVA/PI hydrogel shows promise for use in wearable sensing devices and is expected to be applied in complex environments.
Evaluation of elastomer suitability for CCUS: Chemical compatibility and rapid gas decompression in supercritical CO2
Authors: Yun Jushik , Zolfaghari Alireza , Marya Manuel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe equipment of carbon capture, utilization, and sequestration (CCUS) infrastructure demands a range of elastomers fully compatible with CO2 phases. In this paper, the typical oilfield elastomers, perfluoroelastomer (FFKM), fluoroelastomer (FKM), tetrafluoroethylene propylene elastomer (FEPM), and hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR), were studied for their chemical compatibility and rapid gas decompression (RGD) in 100% supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2). At a given test condition, all selected oilfield compounds passed the ISO 23936‐2 acceptance compatibility criteria after 28‐day aging at 100 C and 34.5 MPa in sCO2. After aging, the elongations at break of the FFKM and FEPM compounds increased; tensile strength for FEPM decreased. In contrast to FFKM and FEPM, FKM and HNBR exhibited both lower elongations at break and lower tensile strengths. The moduli of the various elastomers consistently decreased after the sCO2 aging. The RGD testing revealed that all compounds were capable of passing the RGD ISO 23936‐2 criteria. Complementary material analyses by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry along with surface morphology analyses were also conducted to gain additional insight into the suitability of the selected elastomers for sCO2 service.
Synergistic effects of silane‐modified carbon black and nano‐silica hybrid fillers on the performance of natural rubber compounds
Authors: Mofrad Farzaneh Jaberi , Ahmadpour Ali , Movahed Saeed Ostad 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the efficiency of already developed surface‐modified carbon black (CB), both independently and in conjunction with nano‐silica, as a hybrid filler, to the properties of natural rubber (NR) compounds. The modification process, followed by coupling agent treatment, enhanced cross‐link density and curing characteristics, though the inclusion of nano‐silica alone negatively affected curing due to its inherent polarity and tendency to agglomerate. The filled compounds with modified CB exhibited significant improvements in mechanical properties, notably tear resistance. Moreover, the combination of nano‐silica with modified CB yielded compounds with superior tear resistance, attributed to synergistic effects. CB surface modification exhibited varying effects on the glass transition temperature, with enhancements observed in tan δ at lower temperatures, indicating improved ice and wet grip potential. Also, it reduced rolling resistance after treatment with a coupling agent. While thermal stability remained consistent across the studied compounds, swelling resistance varies with filler type and ratio. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the positive impact of CB surface modification on the elasticity and chain mobility of the investigated rubber compounds. It was concluded that the strategic selection of fillers and modification approaches were essential for achieving optimal results in the rubber compound's performance and application.
Visible Light‐Catalyzed Reactions of Polysulfide (DBSPS) with Aryldiazonium
Authors: Tang Ling‐Juan , Zhu Wei‐Chen , Deng Hong‐He , Jiang Yi‐Fan , Liu Xin‐Yu , Rao Weidong , Shen Shu‐Su , Song Ping , Wang Shun‐Yi 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA visible light‐catalyzed radical coupling reaction of polysulfide reagents with aryldiazonium was developed, which gave thiosulfonates under mild conditions. In this reaction, the thiosulfonates were isolated in good yields with a broad tolerance to functional groups. And the synthesis of diaryl monosulfides were achieved through a step‐by‐step reaction of two molecular aryldiazonium with DBSPS, where the sulfur source was provided by DBSPS. It was worth noting that the reaction of this monosulfides could also be achieved by a one pot two‐step process. The described polysulfide reagents were able to produce three new radicals: sulfonyl radicals, sulfur‐sulfonyl radicals and sulfur‐sulfur‐sulfonyl radicals.
Efficient Radical‐Mediated Intermolecular α‐Alkylation Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with Nonactivated Alkenes
Authors: Yamashita Yasuhiro , Kobayashi Shū 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAlkylation reactions are fundamental carbon‐carbon bond‐forming reactions in synthetic organic chemistry. Among them, intermolecular α‐alkylation reactions of carbonyl compounds with alkenes are important because they are more atom‐economical than the equivalent processes using alkyl halides. However, intermolecular reactions with nonactivated alkenes such as 1‐hexene, which can allow the use of a wide range of valuable substrates, have been considered to be very challenging for a long time. In this review, radical‐mediated intermolecular α‐alkylation reactions of carbonyl compounds with nonactivated alkenes are discussed. The examples are grouped into three types of reactions: peroxide‐mediated reactions, metal‐oxidant‐mediated reactions, and photoactivated reactions. Photoredox‐catalyzed alkylation reactions under visible‐light irradiation are discussed as a particularly promising recent hot topic. This review provides brief history and new prospects on the α‐alkylation process with nonactivated alkenes using α‐carbonyl radical species.
Real‐time coded measures in natural language samples capture change over time in minimally verbal autistic children
Authors: La Valle Chelsea , Shen Lue , Shih Wendy , Kasari Connie , Lord Catherine , Tager‐Flusberg Helen 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPrior research supports the use of natural language sampling (NLS) to assess the rate of speech utterances (URate) and the rate of conversational turns (CTRate) in minimally verbal (MV) autistic children. Bypassing time‐consuming transcription, previous work demonstrated the ability to derive URate and CTRate using real‐time coding methods and provided support for their strong psychometric properties. (1) Unexplored is how URate and CTRate using real‐time coding methods capture change over time and (2) whether specific child factors predict changes in URate and CTRate in 50 MV autistic children (40 males; M = 75.54, SD = 16.45 (age in months)). A NLS was collected at Time 1 (T1) and Time 2 (T2) (4.5 months between T1 and T2) and coding was conducted in ELAN Linguistic Annotator software using a real‐time coding approach to derive URate and CTRate. Findings from paired samples Wilcoxon tests revealed a significant increase in child URate (not examiner URate) and child and examiner CTRate from T1 to T2. Child chronological age, Mullen expressive language age equivalent scores, and URate and CTRate at T1 were predictive of URate and CTRate at T2. Findings support using NLS‐derived real‐time coded measures of URate and CTRate to efficiently capture change over time in MV autistic children. Identifying child factors that predict changes in URate and CTRate can help in the tailoring of goals to children's individual needs and strengths.
Scalable Fabrication of Flexible Supercapacitor Electrodes Using Sustainable Water‐Based Onion‐like Carbon Inks
Authors: Bauer Christian , Neff Tobias , Day Adam , Krueger Anke 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe increasing usage of electrical energy storage solutions demands for cost effective, scalable and sustainable manufacturing technologies. Deposition of functional inks, carrying electrochemically active materials is a suitable technique as it delivers material with selected properties only to required locations. However, the production of stable dispersions featuring high concentrations of active material ‐ necessary for effective deposition ‐ is challenging. Here we present an approach to print supercapacitor electrodes with onion‐like carbon as active material, using a simple, cost‐effective process as well as a water‐based ink. The ink is highly stable and can be deposited by spray and inkjet techniques. The fabricated electrodes offer a capacitance of up to 14 mF cm−2 (27 F g−1) and retained 97 % of their initial capacitance after 5000 cycles, demonstrating excellent performance and stability of the coating.
Effects of script‐fading on social initiations during discrete‐trial teaching with children with autism
Authors: Freeman Amanda S. , Reeve Sharon A. , MacDuff Gregory S. , Reeve Kenneth F. , DeBar Ruth M. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study evaluated the use of auditory scripts and script‐fading procedures to teach three children with autism to request additional instruction, select teaching materials, and solicit confirmation during discrete‐trial teaching. Scripts were placed on instructional materials to evoke initiations, and script fading strategies were used to transfer stimulus control to the materials used for each discrete‐trial activity. A multiple‐probe across‐activities design was used. Generalization of initiations was promoted by teaching to multiple exemplars, including common stimuli, and using naturally maintaining contingencies. The results showed that scripts and script‐fading procedures were effective in increasing the number of initiations made during discrete‐trial teaching, and generalization across activities, settings, and instructors. These procedures provide a way to increase the number of opportunities for initiations during discrete‐trial teaching in place of passively waiting between instructor‐initiated trials.
Evaluation of online text‐based information resources of gynaecological cancer symptoms
Authors: DiSipio Tracey , Scholte Cate , Diaz Abbey 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundGynaecological cancer symptoms are often vague and non‐specific. Quality health information is central to timely cancer diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the quality of online text‐based patient information resources regarding gynaecological cancer symptoms.MethodsA targeted website search and Google search were conducted to identify health information resources published by the Australian government and non‐government health organisations. Resources were classified by topic (gynaecological health, gynaecological cancers, cancer, general health); assessed for reading level (Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, SMOG) and difficulty (Flesch Reading Ease, FRE); understandability and actionability (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool, PEMAT, 0–100), whereby higher scores indicate better understandability/actionability. Seven criteria were used to assess cultural inclusivity specific for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people; resources which met 3–5 items were deemed to be moderately inclusive and 6+ items as inclusive.ResultsA total of 109 resources were identified and 76% provided information on symptoms in the context of gynaecological cancers. The average readability was equivalent to a grade 10 reading level on the SMOG and classified as ‘difficult to read’ on the FRE. The mean PEMAT scores were 95% (range 58–100) for understandability and 13% (range 0–80) for actionability. Five resources were evaluated as being moderately culturally inclusive. No resource met all the benchmarks.ConclusionsThis study highlights the inadequate quality of online resources available on pre‐diagnosis gynaecological cancer symptom information. Resources should be revised in line with the recommended standards for readability, understandability and actionability and to meet the needs of a culturally diverse population.
In vitro Evaluation of Fungal Susceptibility and Inhibition of Virulence by Diosgenin
Authors: do Socorro Costa Maria , da Silva Ana Raquel Pereira , Santos Araújo Juliana , dos Santos Antonia Thassya Lucas , Fonseca Victor Juno Alencar , Gonçalves Alencar Gabriel , Moura Talysson Felismino , Gonçalves Sheila Alves , Filho José Maria Barbosa , Morais‐Braga Maria Flaviana Bezerra , Andrade‐Pinheiro Jacqueline Cosmo , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFungal infections are a public health problem that mainly affects immunosuppressed people, Candida spp. have been responsible for most sources of contamination and invasive fungal infections described around the world. The need arises to find new therapeutic approaches to combat growing infections. Plants and natural products have been considered a valuable source for discovering new molecules with active ingredients. Diosgenin is a sapogenin found in the families of Leguminosae and Dioscoreaceae, it is obtained mainly from the dioscin saponin through the hydrolysis method, it is a phytochemical that has been highlighted in the treatment of various diseases, as well as in combating microbial resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of fungal strains to diosgenin, as well as verify the association with the reference drug and evaluate the inhibition of the virulence factor through morphological changes in the yeast state to the filamentous form of hyphae and pseudohyphae in strains of Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis and Candida krusei using the broth microdilution method and microculture technique. Antifungal assays revealed that diosgenin was not able to inhibit the growth of the tested strains. However, it was able to inhibit the fungal dimorphism of the strains evaluated, however further studies are recommended to verify its effectiveness against other virulence factors.
Effectiveness of late coronary angioplasty in restoring sinus rhythm in inferior wall myocardial infarction with complete AV block
Authors: Liegise Avitso , Naro Lanu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn elderly gentleman presenting late with inferior wall myocardial infarction and complete heart block underwent revascularization of an occluded proximal right coronary artery more than 4 days after the onset of symptoms and recovered sinus rhythm within 48 h of the procedure. There are no clear guidelines for time to percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in late‐presenting myocardial infarction with complete atrioventricular blocks (CAVB), and studies looking at outcomes of primary PCI in this situation appear to be scarce. The case presented here is a good example of the relevance of late PCI.
Serum brain natriuretic peptide levels may be a useful marker for early diagnosis of cardiomyopathy secondary to neuroblastoma: A case report
Authors: Fujiyama Natsumi , Matsuo Osamu , Yamashita Takahiro , Kohrogi Kensaku , Miyamura Fumiya , Anan Tadashi , Nakamura Kimitoshi 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageCardiomyopathy is a rare but serious complication associated with neuroblastoma. The brain natriuretic peptide level led to a diagnosis of secondary dilated cardiomyopathy before the worsening of heart failure symptoms.
Sublingual administration of atropine eye drops for treating organophosphorus poisoning
Authors: Hirayama Ichiro , Kamijo Yoshito , Nonaka Minaho , Yano Tetsuhiro , Ishii Mitsuru , Tominaga Yoshiteru 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageAn 89‐year‐old patient with fenitrothion toxicity received sublingual atropine eye drops, reducing the intravenous atropine requirement. This alternative method enabled rapid rehabilitation, and he walked unaided, leading to discharge.
Successful haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with severe pancytopenia developed after long‐term aplastic anemia treatment
Authors: Sakurai Kazuki , Saito Kei , Hatta Shunsuke , Katsuoka Yuna , Meguro Kuniaki , Yokoyama Hisayuki , Izumi Toru 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageHaploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with posttransplant cyclophosphamide is an alternative treatment for aplastic anemia–paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) syndrome with poor prognostic factors. Ravulizumab treatment for PNH before HSCT might have a beneficial effect.
Potential diagnostic challenges of intracerebral hemorrhage as an index presentation of metastatic choriocarcinoma: A case series
Authors: Kyei‐Fram Seth , Asamoah Osei Yaw , Agyei Martin , Opare‐Addo Priscilla Abrafi 
Published: April 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn young women presenting with atypical features of intracerebral hemorrhage, metastatic choriocarcinoma should be considered as a differential diagnosis. In resource‐poor settings, a high index of suspicion and serum β‐hCG are crucial for diagnosis.AbstractIntracerebral hemorrhage in the young is rarely caused by metastatic choriocarcinoma. Diagnosis of this condition may be particularly challenging in resource‐poor settings where access to diagnostic technologies may be limited. We present a case series of three young females diagnosed with metastatic choriocarcinoma after initially presenting with intracerebral hemorrhage, each demonstrating unique clinical manifestations. We aim to highlight the diagnostic considerations in the management of this infrequently encountered cause of intracerebral hemorrhage, especially in resource‐constrained settings. Case 1 involved a 21‐year‐old woman who was initially diagnosed with intracerebral hemorrhage likely of tumoral origin from an unknown primary source. Further evaluation revealed extremely high levels of β‐hCG and features suggestive of an intrauterine malignancy, which led to a diagnosis of metastatic choriocarcinoma. This further became complicated by pulmonary embolism. Unfortunately, she succumbed to respiratory failure during treatment. Case 2 is a young woman who presented to the emergency unit and was managed as a case of lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. Further checks revealed a previous history of hysterectomy done on account of placental site trophoblastic tumor, which promoted an evaluation for choriocarcinoma. Case 3 involved a 20‐year‐old patient who initially presented with headache and vomiting. An enhanced magnetic resonance imaging showed a large subacute right temporal occipital subependymal hemorrhage with mass effect. After probing further, we discovered that she underwent exploratory laparotomy for suspected ruptured ectopic gestation, which later turned out to be a gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. After further evaluation a diagnosis of choriocarcinoma with brain metastasis. Our case series emphasizes the importance of having a high index suspicion in young females who present with atypical features of ICH. The varied clinical scenarios highlight the challenges in diagnosing young females. It also underscores the critical role of serum ‐hCG, especially in resource‐limited settings where biopsies are not readily available. Building a repository of these diverse manifestations is essential for increasing the index of suspicion and ultimately improving patient outcomes.