bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computer‐assisted urine cytology: Faster, cheaper, better?
Authors: Ciaparrone Chiara , Maffei Elisabetta , L'Imperio Vincenzo , Pisapia Pasquale , Eloy Catarina , Fraggetta Filippo , Zeppa Pio , Caputo Alessandro 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecent advancements in computer‐assisted diagnosis (CAD) have catalysed significant progress in pathology, particularly in the realm of urine cytopathology. This review synthesizes the latest developments and challenges in CAD for diagnosing urothelial carcinomas, addressing the limitations of traditional urinary cytology. Through a literature review, we identify and analyse CAD models and algorithms developed for urine cytopathology, highlighting their methodologies and performance metrics. We discuss the potential of CAD to improve diagnostic accuracy, efficiency and patient outcomes, emphasizing its role in streamlining workflow and reducing errors. Furthermore, CAD tools have shown potential in exploring pathological conditions, uncovering novel biomarkers and prognostic/predictive features previously unknown or unseen. Finally, we examine the practical issues surrounding the integration of CAD into clinical practice, including regulatory approval, validation and training for pathologists. Despite the promising results, challenges remain, necessitating further research and validation efforts. Overall, CAD presents a transformative opportunity to revolutionize diagnostic practices in urine cytopathology, paving the way for enhanced patient care and outcomes.
Intensive salvage chemotherapy with VDTPACE or mCBAD followed by hematopoietic stem‐cell support for refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma
Authors: Marques Carolina Perrone , Ovigli Danielle , Kerbauy Mariana Nassif , Silveira Ana Carolina de Almeida , Helman Ricardo , da Silva Cinthya Correa , Ribeiro Andreza Alice Feitosa , Hamerschlak Nelson , Arcuri Leonardo Javier 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIntroductionTriple‐ and quad‐refractory multiple myeloma patients usually have an aggressive course and a poor prognosis. Available therapeutic options are scarce.MethodsThe objective of the current study was to evaluate responses and toxicities of VDTPACE or mCBAD with hematopoietic stem‐cell support as a bridge to subsequent therapies in patients with refractory/relapsed multiple myeloma.ResultsThirteen patients were included (11 mCBAD, 2 VDTPACE), and 21 cycles of chemotherapy with hematopoietic stem‐cell support were delivered. Mean number of previous therapies was 4.8. Stem cells were infused on a median day 9.9 after chemotherapy. Mean time to neutrophil recovery was 18.2 days in patients receiving the first cycle and 15.9 following subsequent cycles. Before therapy, most patients were in PD (77%), PR (15%), or VGPR (8%). Following treatment, the best responses achieved were PR (46%), VGPR (46%), and CR (8%). Median overall and progression‐free survivals were 17 and 9 months. There has been no case of non‐relapse mortality. In the 21 cycles, the main complications were infectious.ConclusionIntensive chemotherapy can decrease disease burden in patients with relapsed/refractory MM, and stem‐cell support can successfully decrease toxicities and treatment‐related mortality associated with these regimens and may be a good bridging option.
Climate mitigation potential of cover crops in the United States is regionally concentrated and lower than previous estimates
Authors: Eash Lisa , Ogle Stephen , McClelland Shelby C. , Fonte Steven J. , Schipanski Meagan E. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWidespread adoption of regenerative agriculture practices is an integral part of the US plan to achieve net‐zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. National incentives have particularly increased for the adoption of cover crops (CCs), which have presumably large carbon (C) sequestration potential. However, assessments of national CC climate benefits have not fully considered regional variability, changing C sequestration rates over time, and potential N2O trade‐offs. Using the DayCent soil biogeochemical model and current national survey data, we estimate CC climate change mitigation potential to be 39.0 ± 24.1 Mt CO2e year−1, which is 45%–65% lower than previous estimates, with large uncertainty attributed to N2O impacts. Three‐fourths of this climate change mitigation potential is concentrated in the North Central, Southern Great Plains and Lower Mississippi regions. Public investment should be focused in these regions to maximize CC climate benefits, but the national contribution of CC to emissions targets may be lower than previously anticipated.
Island biodiversity in peril: Anticipating a loss of mammals' functional diversity with future species extinctions
Authors: Llorente‐Culebras Sonia , Carmona Carlos P. , Carvalho William D. , Menegotto André , Molina‐Venegas Rafael , Ladle Richard J. , Santos Ana M. C. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIslands are biodiversity hotspots that host unique assemblages. However, a substantial proportion of island species are threatened and their long‐term survival is uncertain. Identifying and preserving vulnerable species has become a priority, but it is also essential to combine this information with other facets of biodiversity like functional diversity, to understand how future extinctions might affect ecosystem stability and functioning. Focusing on mammals, we (i) assessed how much functional space would be lost if threatened species go extinct, (ii) determined the minimum number of extinctions that would cause a significant functional loss, (iii) identified the characteristics (e.g., biotic, climatic, geographic, or orographic) of the islands most vulnerable to future changes in the functional space, and (iv) quantified how much of that potential functional loss would be offset by introduced species. Using trait information for 1474 mammal species occurring in 318 islands worldwide, we built trait probability density functions to quantify changes in functional richness and functional redundancy in each island if the mammals categorized by IUCN as threatened disappeared. We found that the extinction of threatened mammals would reduce the functional space in 63% of the assessed islands, although these extinctions in general would cause a reduction of less than 15% of their overall functional space. Also, on most islands, the extinction of just a few species would be sufficient to cause a significant loss of functional diversity. The potential functional loss would be higher on small, isolated, and/or species‐rich islands, and, in general, the functional space lost would not be offset by introduced species. Our results show that the preservation of native species and their ecological roles remains crucial for maintaining the current functioning of island ecosystems. Therefore, conservation measures considering functional diversity are imperative to safeguard the unique functional roles of threatened mammal species on islands.
Economic and environmental bottlenecks in the industrial‐scale production of lipid‐derived biofuels from oleaginous yeasts: A review of the current trends and future prospects
Authors: Banerjee Shivali , Singh Vijay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractConcerns about climate change and the reliance on fossil fuel reserves have motivated researchers to identify new renewable sources of energy. Biomass holds the potential to replace fossil‐derived products with biofuels and bio‐based chemicals. Plant‐derived lipids are promising sources of biofuels; however, the production of plant oil often leads to the release of massive amounts of carbon dioxide due to deforestation and land‐use change. The production of biofuels via plant oils (such as soybean) also competes with food production and in turn, impacts biodiversity. To mitigate these issues, the production of lipids from oleaginous yeasts could be an excellent alternative by incorporating these microbes into biorefineries utilizing agricultural or forest residues. Eventually, these microbial lipids could be potential sources for producing lipid‐derived biofuels. However, the current conventional methods for the production and recovery of lipids from oleaginous microbes suffer from economic and ecological challenges that affect its industrial‐scale expansion. This review highlights the major economic and environmental bottlenecks for the production of lipid‐derived biofuels from oleaginous yeasts. It also provides perspectives on the strategies that could be adapted on economic and ecological fronts to assist the expansion of the production of microbial lipid‐derived biofuels at an industrial scale.
Clinically recognized sleep disorders in people living with HIV
Authors: Lam Jennifer O. , Hou Craig E. , Alexeeff Stacey , Levine Tory , Sarovar Varada , Lea Alexandra N. , Metz Verena E. , Horberg Michael A. , Satre Derek D. , Silverberg Michael J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectiveDespite recognition that people with HIV (PWH) are more vulnerable to sleep issues, there is limited understanding of clinically recognized sleep disorders in this population. Our objective was to evaluate the full spectrum of sleep disorder types diagnosed among PWH in care.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of PWH, and a comparator group of people without HIV (PWoH), in a large healthcare system. The incidence of clinically diagnosed sleep disorders was calculated using Poisson regression for three outcomes: any type of sleep disorder, insomnia, and sleep apnea. Incidence was compared between PWH and PWoH by computing the adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR), accounting for sleep disorder risk factors. Comparisons to PWoH were made for all PWH combined, then with PWH stratified by HIV management status (well‐managed HIV defined as being on antiretroviral therapy, HIV RNA <200 copies/mL, and CD4 count ≥500 cells/μL).ResultsThe study included 9076 PWH and 205 178 PWoH (mean age 46 years, 90% men). Compared with PWoH, sleep disorder incidence was greater among PWH overall [aIRR = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–1.26], particularly for insomnia (aIRR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.45–1.67). Sleep apnea incidence was lower among PWH (aIRR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.84–0.97). In HIV management subgroups, PWH without well‐managed HIV had lower sleep apnea incidence (vs. PWoH: aIRR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.70–0.89) but PWH with well‐managed HIV did not (vs. PWoH: aIRR = 0.97, 95% CI: 0.89–1.06).ConclusionsPWH have high sleep disorder incidence, and insomnia is the most common clinical diagnosis. Lower sleep apnea incidence among PWH may reflect underdiagnosis in those with sub‐optimally treated HIV and will be important to investigate further.
The impact of nine sweeps on preventing prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia
Authors: Hashim Hashim Talib , Hashim Ali Talib , Shah Jaffer , Almamoury Ameer , Kadhim Mustafa Hayder , Aji Narjiss , Alhaideri Adil , Chichah Maryam , Alhatemi Ahmed Qasim Mohammed 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBenign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), often known as prostate gland enlargement, is a common disorder in elderly men. The nine sweeps or Istibra, a traditional Islamic habit, has been hypothesized to decrease the risk of prostate diseases. This study aims to investigate the potential preventive effects of Istibra on prostate cancer and BPH among individuals with a positive family history. It is a retrospective cohort study conducted among 215 high‐risk people for prostate cancer with positive family history who have been on regular habits of using the nine sweeps (Istibra) for 20 years or more. The data was collected retrospectively and full history was taken from each of the patients. Odds ratios were calculated to evaluate the relationship between Istibra usage and prostate pathologies. The majority of participants had no chronic diseases or exposure to known carcinogens. Most individuals performed Istibra 5–10 times per day for 20 years or more. Despite positive family histories, 82% and 85% of participants were not diagnosed with BPH or prostate cancer, respectively. Istibra may be effective in preventing BPH and prostate cancer among individuals with positive family histories. Further studies with larger samples are warranted to confirm these findings and elucidate the mechanism of action.
Climate change effects in older people's health: A scoping review
Authors: Montoro‐Ramírez Eva Mª , Parra‐Anguita Laura , Álvarez‐Nieto Carmen , Parra Gema , López‐Medina Isabel Mª 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundClimate change has serious consequences for the morbidity and mortality of older adults.ObjectiveTo identify the effects of climate change on older people's health.MethodsA scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and the PRISMA‐ScR checklist. Quantitative research and reports from organizations describing the effects of climate change on older people were selected.ResultsSixty‐three full‐text documents were selected. Heat and air pollution were the two factors that had the most negative effects on cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality in older people. Mental health and cognitive function were also affected.ConclusionsClimate change affects several health problems in older individuals, especially high temperatures and air pollution. Nursing professionals must have the necessary skills to respond to the climate risks in older adults. More instruments are required to determine nursing competencies on climate change and the health of this population group.Patient of Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Epistemological aspects of participatory design studies conducted in the field of health science
Authors: Nielsen Charlotte , Jensen Charlotte Myhre , Trettin Bettina 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAim(s)To discuss the methodological aspects of participatory design, arguing for a three‐phase approach and the suitability of situating participatory design within a phenomenological–hermeneutical tradition in health science.Design and methodsMethodological discussion based on participatory design theory, epistemology and research studies.ResultsThe epistemological and methodological discussions show how the core values and key elements of participatory design align with the phenomenological–hermeneutical approach. In addition, examples of participatory design studies are provided to illustrate how it can be conducted in health science.ConclusionParticipatory design is a flexible framework based on genuine participation, defined by three core values: having a say, mutual learning and democratization. The iterative processes allow for adjustments in alignment with the core values and the scientific stance that defines the choice of methods, tools and techniques. A phenomenological–hermeneutic approach in participatory design studies is relevant and aligned with the core values of participatory design. Thus, this paper argues for a close integration between the participatory design methodology and the phenomenological–hermeneutic scientific approach within health science.Implications for the professionParticipatory design is a powerful methodology with core values that can co‐design sustainable health technologies with potential to impact patient care and the clinical practice of nurses. When combined with qualitative research methods, patients' lived experiences serve as the foundation for improving clinical nursing practice. Discussing the epistemological aspects of participatory design provides nurse researchers with a coherent methodological understanding, essential for the continual development of nursing research.Impact

This paper discusses the research methodology of participatory design within health sciences. It aims to address the lack of understanding of the methodology, particularly within a specific scientific stance.

The main finding is the elaboration on participatory design and the relevance of a phenomenological–hermeneutical approach.

The paper has the potential to impact researchers, master's and PhD students, as well as others engaged in participatory design or other methodologies related to user involvement within health science.

Reporting methodNo available EQUATOR guidelines were applicable to this methodological paper, as no new data were created or analysed.Patient or public contributionThere was no direct patient or public contribution, as this is a methodological paper.
The TF/Nrf2/GSTP1 pathway is involved in stress‐induced hepatocellular injury through ferroptosis
Authors: Tian Xiaofei , Li Yingmin , Lei Lei , Feng Xiaowei , Xin Hongjian , Chen Hao , Zhang Guozhong , Zuo Min , Shi Weibo , Cong Bin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractStress triggers a comprehensive pathophysiological cascade in organisms. However, there is a substantial gap in the research regarding the effects of stress on liver function. This study aimed to investigate the impact of restraint stress on hepatocellular damage and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. An effective mouse restraint stress model was successfully developed, and liver function analysis was performed using laser speckle imaging, metabolomics and serum testing. Alterations in hepatocyte morphology were assessed using haematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. Oxidative stress in hepatocytes was assessed using lipid reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde. The methylation status and expression of GSTP1 were analysed using DNA sequencing and, real‐time PCR, and the expression levels of GPX4, TF and Nrf2 were evaluated using real‐time quantitative PCR, western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining. A stress‐induced model was established in vitro by using dexamethasone‐treated AML‐12 cells. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, GSTP1 overexpression, small interfering RNA, ferroptosis and Nrf2 inhibitors were used. GSTP1 methylation contributes to stress‐induced hepatocellular damage and dysfunction. GSTP1 is involved in ferroptosis‐mediated hepatocellular injury induced by restraint stress via the TF/Nrf2 pathway. These findings suggest that stress‐induced hepatocellular injury is associated with ferroptosis, which is regulated by TF/Nrf2/GSTP1.
The role of inflammation in takotsubo syndrome: A new therapeutic target?
Authors: Li Xiao , Yang Jingmin Jing , Xu Danyan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractTakotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a particular form of acute heart failure that can be challenging to distinguish from acute coronary syndrome at presentation. TTS was previously considered a benign self‐limiting condition, but it is now known to be associated with substantial short‐ and long‐term morbidity and mortality. Because of the poor understanding of its underlying pathophysiology, there are few evidence‐based interventions to treat TTS. The hypotheses formulated so far can be grouped into endogenous adrenergic surge, psychological stress or preexisting psychiatric illness, coronary vasospasm with microvascular dysfunction, metabolic and energetic alterations, and inflammatory mechanisms. Current evidence demonstrates that the infiltration of immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils play a pivotal role in TTS. At baseline, resident macrophages were the dominant subset in cardiac macrophages, however, it underwent a shift from resident macrophages to monocyte‐derived infiltrating macrophages in TTS. Depletion of macrophages and monocytes in mice strongly protected them from isoprenaline‐induced cardiac dysfunction. It is probable that immune cells, especially macrophages, may be new targets for the treatment of TTS.
Impact of the child's birth weight on maternal misperceptions of young children's weight: A retrospective study with nationally representative data
Authors: Lee Sangmi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimA young child's abnormal birth weight (BW) can affect a mother's misperceptions of her child's weight, potentially hindering the child's health management. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of children's BW on maternal misperceptions of children's weight during early childhood.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted for 485,095 children who were 54–60 months of age, born between 2011 and 2013, and participated in South Korea's Sixth National Health Screening Program for Infants and Children (NHSPIC). Data on BW, weight, sex, birth year, preterm birth, breastfeeding history, maternal age, mothers' perceptions of the child's weight, and socioeconomic status were collected and incorporated in the final analysis via data linkage between the NHSPIC and Korean healthcare claims information. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to identity the impact of BW on mothers' misperceptions of children's weight, after adjustment for all variables.ResultsLow BW (LBW) children had the lowest proportion (57.1%) of mothers who accurately identified their child's weight compared to normal or high BW. LBW was an independent factor affected maternal misperception of the child's weight (underestimation: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.41–1.52; overestimation: aOR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.73–0.97). Overweight or underweight status, male gender, preterm birth, a younger mother, and low socioeconomic status were also associated with both underestimation and overestimation.ConclusionLBW emerged as an important risk factor for maternal misperception of a child's weight. Therefore, pediatric nurses need to apply interventions to improve perceptions of children's weight among mothers of young LBW children.
Nurse‐led remote digital support for adults with chronic conditions: A systematic synthesis without meta‐analysis
Authors: Kilfoy Alicia , Chu Charlene , Krisnagopal Archanaa , Mcatee Enoch , Baek Sunny , Zworth Mallory , Hwang Kyobin , Park Hyun , Jibb Lindsay 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAimThe systematic review aims to synthesize the literature examining the effectiveness of nurse‐led remote digital support on health outcomes in adults with chronic conditions.BackgroundAdults with chronic diseases have increased rates of mortality and morbidity and use health care resources at a higher intensity than those without chronic conditions—placing strain on the patient, their caregivers and health systems. Nurse‐led digital health disease self‐management interventions have potential to improve outcomes for patients with chronic conditions by facilitating care in environments other that the hospital setting.Design and MethodsWe searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central databases from inception to 7 December 2022. We included randomized controlled trials assessing the impact of nurse‐led remote digital support interventions compared to usual care on health‐related outcomes in adults with chronic illness. The Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool was used to assess bias in studies. Outcomes were organized into four categories: self‐management, clinical outcomes, health care resource use and satisfaction with care. Results are presented narratively based on statistical significance.ResultsForty‐four papers pertaining to 40 unique studies were included. Interventions most targeted diabetes (n = 11) and cardiovascular disease (n = 8). Websites (n = 10) and mobile applications (n = 10) were the most used digital modalities. Nurses supported patients either in response to incoming patient health data (n = 14), virtual appointment (n = 8), virtual health education (n = 5) or through a combination of these approaches (n = 13). Positive impacts of nurse‐led digital chronic disease support were identified in each outcome category. Mobile applications were the most effective digital modality.Conclusion and Relevance to Clinical PracticeResults show that nurse‐led remote digital support interventions significantly improve self‐management capacity, clinical health outcomes, health care resource use and satisfaction with care. Such interventions have potential to support overall health for adults with chronic conditions in their home environments.