bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is a vibration isolation system required for Gateway? Mitigation of force and vibration transmission by the HIFIm jump sled during repeated jumping in microgravity
Authors: Cleather Daniel J , Kennett John E 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Exercise countermeasures are a ubiquitous part of space habitation due to the need to mitigate the deconditioning effect of microgravity. However, exercise in space creates forces that need to be isolated from the habitat, and these so-called Vibration Isolation Systems (VIS) are typically large and heavy. High Frequency Impulse for Microgravity (HIFIm) is an exercise countermeasure that is designed to minimize force and vibration transmission to the spacecraft without the need for an additional VIS. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of HIFIm in mitigating force transmission in microgravity during parabolic flight. Force between HIFIm and the aircraft was measured using a custom-made arrangement of load cells during repeated jumping by two participants. Mean peak force transmission to the aircraft was 4.79 ± 0.68 N.kg-1. In addition, the frequency spectra for the upper and lower fixations to the aircraft were within the envelope of what is permissible for an exercise countermeasure on Gateway. These data support the design concept of HIFIm and suggest that HIFIm could be installed in a space habitat with no, or minimal, additional VIS. Measuring the force and vibration transmission of exercise countermeasures in microgravity during parabolic flight is highly challenging due to the safety constraints of the experimental platform and the extreme changes in acceleration (from 0-1.8g). The fact that this performance can be directly measured for HIFIm is a key advantage. The results presented here add to the mounting evidence that HIFIm is the future of exercise countermeasures.
Evaluating the Feasibility of AI-Predicted mpMRI Image Features for Predicting Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness: a Multicenter Study
Authors: Wang Kexin , Luo Ning , Sun Zhaonan , Zhao Xiangpeng , She Lilan , Xing Zhangli , Chen Yuntian , He Chunlei , Wu Pengsheng , Wang Xiangpeng , Kong ZiXuan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility of utilizing artificial intelligence (AI)-predicted multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) image features for predicting the aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa).
Materials and methods
A total of 878 PCa patients from 4 hospitals were retrospectively collected, all of whom had pathological results after radical prostatectomy(RP).A pre-trained AI algorithm was used to select suspected PCa lesions and extract lesion features for model development. The study evaluated five prediction methods, including 1) A clinical model of clinical features and image features of suspected PCa lesions selected by AI algorithm, 2)the PIRADS category, 3)a conventional radiomics model, 4) a radiomics model based on deep learning, 5)biopsy pathology.
Results
In the externally validated dataset, the deep learn-based radiomics model showed the highest area under the curve (AUC 0.700 to 0.791).It exceeded clinical model (AUC 0.597 to 0.718), traditional radiomic model (AUC 0.566 to 0.632), PIRADS score (AUC 0.554 to 0.613) and biopsy pathology (AUC 0.537 to 0.578). And the AUC predicted by the model did not show statistically significant difference among the three externally verified hospitals (P > 0.05).
Conclusion
Deep-radiomics models utilizing AI-extracted image features from mpMRI images can potentially be used to predict PCa aggressiveness, demonstrating a generalized ability for external validation.
Comparison of Outcomes in Discectomy with or without Annulus Fibrsous Repair for the Treatment of Lumbar Herniated Discs: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yize , Huang Yong , Wang Zhe , Feng Ganjun , Qian Cheng , Liu Limin , Song Yueming 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the study is to evaluate whether discectomy combined with annulus fibrosus repair to treat lumbar disc herniations is effective and investigate the implications of each annulus fibrosus repair method for clinical practice.
Methods
PRISMAP guidelines were followed in this review. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science databases and the reference list grey literature were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), screened the studies according to inclusion criteria, and extracted the data and analyzed by Review Manage (version 5.4).
Results
10 RCTs with 2197 patients were included in this study. The results showed that the risk of post-operative reherniations (RR: 0.42, 95%CI [0.30, 0.58], P < 0.00001) and the risk of reherniation-related reoperations (RR: 0.63, 95%CI [0.46, 0.87], P = 0.005) were markedly lower in the discectomy with annulus fibrsous repair (DAFR) group compared with discectomy alone (DA) group. The two groups had no significant difference in ODI, VAS-back pain, VAS-leg pain, and SF-scale. The DAFR group had a longer operative time and a higher postoperative disc height than the control group. It was obtained by the subgroup analysis that the Barricaid repair method was more effective in reducing the risk of reherniations and the risk of reherniation-related reoperations compared with other repair methods relatively.
Conclusion
Discectomy with annulus fibrosus repair reduced the risk of reherniations and the risks of reherniation-related reoperations but could not reduce postoperative pain and improve overall health status better than discectomy alone. Discectomy with annulus fibrosus repair had a better ability to maintain disc height but had a longer operative time.
Sex-Specific Cardiovascular Adaptations to Simulated Microgravity in Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: Yamaleyeva Liliya , Elsangeedy Ebrahim , Yamaleyeva Dina , Edenhoffer Nicholas , Deak Allyson , Soloshenko Anna , Ray Jonathan , Sun Xuming , Shaltout Omar , Diaz Nildris Cruz , Westwood Brian , Kim-Shapiro Daniel , Diz Debra , Soker Shay , Pulgar Victor , Ronca April , Willey Jeffrey 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Men and women have different cardiovascular responses to spaceflight; however, few studies have focused on direct comparisons between sexes. We investigated the mechanisms of aortic stiffness in socially and sexually mature 20-week-old male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats exposed to hindlimb unloading (HLU) for 14 days. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was greater in the aortic arch of females after HLU versus control females. HLU had no effect on aortic PWV in males. Aortic α smooth muscle actin, myosin, collagen, elastin, and collagen-to-elastin ratio were not different in rats of either sex following HLU. The levels of G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) were lower in the aorta of SD females exposed to HLU compared with female controls but were not altered in males. These changes in HLU females were associated with lower aortic PPARγ and increased oxidative stress markers in association with diastolic dysfunction. GPER agonist G1 prevented the increase in PWV and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine without altering PPARγ or p47phox in HLU females. This study highlights sex-specific vascular adaptations to the state of simulated microgravity.
The Impact of REM Sleep Loss on Human Brain Connectivity
Authors: Shi Jie , Di Tianqi , Zhang Libo , Meng Shi-Qiu , Liu Wangyue , Guo Yang , Zheng Enyu , Xie Chao , Xiang Shitong , Jia Tianye , Lu Lin , Sun Yan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Brain function is vulnerable to the consequences of inadequate sleep. The REM sleep phase has been implicated in coordinating various brain structures and is hypothesized to have potential links to brain variability. However, traditional imaging research have encountered challenges in attributing specific brain region activity to REM sleep, remained understudied at the whole-brain connectivity level. Through the spilt-night paradigm, distinct patterns of REM sleep phases were observed among the full-night sleep group (n = 36), the early-night deprivation group (n = 41), and the late-night deprivation group (n = 36). We employed connectome-based predictive modeling (CPM) to delineate the effects of REM sleep deprivation on the functional connectivity of the brain (REM connectome) during its resting state. The REM connectome was characterized by stronger connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and between the DMN and visual networks, while fewer predictive edges were observed. Notably, connections such as those between the cingulo-opercular network (CON) and the auditory network, as well as between the subcortex and visual networks, with the edges of the thalamus contribute also made significant contributions. These findings elucidate the neural signatures of REM sleep loss and reveal common connectivity patterns across individuals, validated at the group level.
A Phase I Study of sequences of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor, Ribociclib Combined with Gemcitabine in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors
Authors: Seetharam Mahesh , Norman Aurora , Allred Jacob , Kong Jianping , Opyrchal Mateusz , Ma Wen Wee , Lou Yanyan , Dy Grace K , Mahipal Amit , Weroha John , Wahner-Hendrickson Andrea , Reid Joel M. , Adjei Alex A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:
Based on preclinical data showing addition of CDK4/6 inhibitors to gemcitabine is synergistic, ribociclib was evaluated in combination with gemcitabine to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose limiting toxicities (DLT).
Methods:
In this single arm multicohort phase I trial, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of Ribociclib plus Gemcitabine in patients with advanced solid tumors. Patients received Gemcitabine intravenously on days 1 and 8 followed by Ribociclib days 8–14, with treatment repeated every 3 weeks.
Results:
The study enrolled 43 patients between October 2017 and September 2019. The escalation phase (19 patients) determined the MTD and recommended phase II dose (RP2D) to be ribociclib 800mg daily and gemcitabine 1000mg/m2 for the expansion phase (24 patients). One patient experienced Grade 4 thrombocytopenia. Eleven patients experienced Grade 3 adverse events (AE), the most common being neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. No partial or complete responses were observed. 15/22 (68%) of efficacy evaluable patients who received the MTD achieved best response of stable disease.
Conclusions:
The addition of Ribociclib to Gemcitabine was tolerated well and yielded stability of tumors in both cohorts. Ribociclib and gemcitabine could have synergistic activity in certain tumor types, and our data provides support for the combination.
Clinical Trial Registration: NCT03237390
The causal relationship between insomnia and atopic dermatitis: Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Authors: Li fawen 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective. This two-sample Mendelian randomization study aimed to delve into the effects of genetically The Impact of Insomnia on Atopic Dermatitis.
Methods. Exposure data were extracted from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of 462,341 European individuals with insomnia, while outcome data were extracted from GWAS data of 796,661 European individuals with atopic dermatitis for initial analysis. Subseguently, Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted with inversevariance weighted (lvw, weighted median and Mendelian randomization-Egger regression). Furthermore, sensitivityanalyses were then conducted to assess the robustness of our results.
Results. The positive causality between genetically predicted leptin level and risk of total OA was indicated byIv fodds ratio (OR): 1.51, 95% Cl: 1.04-2.20] and weighted median (0R: 1.31, 95% Cl: 0.71-2.18). In this analysis, evidence indicates that insomnia is detrimental to atopic dermatitis，The findingsof this study were verified by the results from sensitivity analysis.
Conclusions.The association between insomnia and the risk of atopic dermatitis has been established.
Case report: Coexistence of rectal signet ring cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine components
Authors: Xu Ling , He Zhefeng , Fu Chao , Wu Yiyang , Wu Anwei , Tian Guojiang , Huang Jianfei , Liu Xibo , Wang Qi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare histological type among the various forms of colorectal cancers. Even rare is when it coexisted with neuroendocrine components in one tumor. To date, there is little literature reported case of colorectal cancer diagnosed as signet ring cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine components.
Case presentation:This report presents a unique case manifested as obstructed defecation for more than one month but with negative endoscopic biopsies. Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection was performed. Based on the postoperative pathology, the patient was finally diagnosed as signet ring cell carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation.
Discussion and conclusions: We highlight the rare coexistence of signet ring cell carcinoma and neuroendocrine differentiation in this case. We also aim to pose the pitfalls and share lessons during our diagnosis and treatment process.
The seven-day cumulative post-esophagectomy inflammatory response predicts cancer recurrence
Authors: Fujiwara Yoshinori , Endo Shunji , Higashida Masaharu , Kubota Hisako , Yoshimatsu Kazuhiko , Ueno Tomio 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Therelationship between postoperative cumulative systemic inflammation and cancer survival needs to be investigated. We developed an approach for the prognostication of postoperative esophageal cancer by establishing low and high cut-off values for the C-reactive protein (CRP) area under the curve (AUC) at 7 and 14 days after esophagectomy.
Methods
This study included 125 consecutive patients with biopsy-proven invasive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) who underwent esophagectomies. Postoperative CRP levels were analyzed for the first 14 days after surgery. The AUC on days 7 and 14 were calculated and compared with clinicopathological features and survival.
Results
The cut-off values for CRP at 7 days (CRP 7 d) and 14 days (CRP 14 d) were 599 mg/L and 1153 mg/L, respectively. The patients in the low CRP 7 d group had significantly better recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) than those in the low CRP 14 d group(P=0.0117,0.0087, respectively). No difference in survival was observed between the low and high CRP 14d group. The OS rates in the high CRP group at post-operative days (PODs) 1, 3, 10, and 14 were significantly lower than those in the low CRP group. Postoperative complications were more common in the high CRP group on PODs 3, 10, and 14. Univariate analyses revealed that pTNM stage, depth of tumor invasion, tumor location, lymph node involvement, and CRP 7 d were significant prognostic factors for both OS and RFS. The Cox proportional hazards model identified pTNM, tumor location, and CRP 7 d as independent prognostic factors for RFS and OS.
Conclusions
Early prediction of patients with postoperative complications and adequate management will suppress the elevation of CRP 7 d and further suppress the CRP value in the late postoperative period, which may improve the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy.
Association Between Abdominal Aortic Calcification and adjacent vertebral fracture after percutaneous kyphoplasty: a case control study.
Authors: Yu Weijie , Chen Minghang , Xu Guoting , Yue Xianlong , Zhang Yihan , Jia Mengxian , Teng Honglin , Chen Bi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To demonstrate the potential impact of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) as a risk factor for the occurrence of adjacent vertebral compression fracture (AVCF) after percutaneous kyphoplasty surgery.
Methods
A review of imaging and demographic data of patients treated with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF) was conducted. The patients were divided into two groups: groups with and without AVCF. The severity of AAC was assessed from the lateral spine images using the AAC24 score. Data on patients with and without AVCF were compared and independent risk factors were identified using regression analysis.
Results
32 patients (12.6%) developed AVCF postoperatively. AVCF after PKP was associated with BMD, cardio/cerebrovascular diseases, history of vertebral fractures, Vitamin D, AAC, postoperative kyphotic angle, postoperative vertebral body’s collapse rate, collapse height restoration rate, and bone cement distribution according to a univariate analysis (P < 0.05). The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis indicate that BMD, AAC, bone cement distribution (impact), and cardio/cerebrovascular diseases are independent predictors of AVCF after PKP (P < 0.05). As shown by the ROC curve, the AAC had an area under the curve of 79.3%, a sensitivity and specificity of 84.4% and 62.9%, respectively, and a cut-off value of 5.0 points of the AAC24 score.
Conclusions
BMD, AAC, bone cement distribution (impact), and cardio/cerebrovascular diseases are independent risk factors for AVCF after PKP. In cases where the AAC24 score exceeded 5.0 points, the incidence of AVCF increased significantly.
Clinical audit on the root cause analysis of waiting time for surgical patients who undergo emergency surgery in Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Guadie Yitayal , Godie Yohannes , Tadele Melese 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Emergency surgery is characterized as a life-saving procedure performed right away, along with resuscitation and surgical care. The study aims to improve the root causes of waiting time for patients who undergo emergency surgical patients.
Methodology
: All consecutive emergency surgical patients who undergo emergency surgery are included in the study period. The data were checked, coded, entered, and cleaned by using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS version 20. Results will be expressed in graphs, frequencies, and percentages. All the data were collected based on NSW emergency surgery guidelines and based on literature review data collection formats and directly changed into open-ended question forms.
Result
A total of 50 surgical emergency patients were operated in a major operation theater at Debre Markos Comprehensive Specialized Hospital during the study period. Thirty-nine (78%) of surgical emergency patients had prolonged wait times with a mean of 8 hours with a standard deviation of 4.44. Of those the cause of waiting time was around 22% due to preoccupation with the operation theater, 18% due to lack of OR supplies like Gown/drip, and water, 16% due to financial constraints and logistics of the patients, 12%patients delayed giving consent, 12%patient delayed due to procedures need special intervention.
Conclusion and Recommendation
The mean waiting time of emergency surgical patients who undergo emergency surgery in the Debre Markos Compressive and Specialized Hospital was 8 hrs. with a standard deviation of 4.44. A total of 78% of emergency surgical patients experience prolonged waiting times because of their preoccupation with the operation theater. Prioritization of emergency cases following emergency surgery guidelines is required in the Debre Markos compressive and specialized hospital to replace the current system.
Integration of body composition data in developing a Random Survival Forest model for the Prognosis of Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer patients treated with definitive Chemoradiotherapy
Authors: Xu Chao , Liu Wen , Dou Zheng , Ma Xiaoting , Lin Jiaxi , Qin Songbing , Zhu Jinzhou , Li Jinli 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objective
This study aims to integrate body composition data in developing a random survival forest (RSF) model for predicting overall survival (OS) in locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Methods: 374 LACC patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were enrolled in the study. Eleven features were selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression in constructing the RSF model. The Optuna algorithm was applied to optimize the hyperparameters. The constructed RSF model was evaluated based on the C-index, AUC, Brier scores, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Furthermore, we compared the RSF model with the traditional Cox regression and deep learning (Deepsurv) models.
Results: The C-index of the RSF model in the test set was 0.809 (95%CI: 0.708–0.911), superior to the Cox regression (0.739, 95%CI: 0.627–0.852) and Deepsurv (0.774, 95%CI: 0.656–0.892) models. The Brier scores for 1-, 3-, and 5-year OS in the test set (0.044, 0.069, and 0.096) and DCA demonstrated that the RSF model has good calibration and clinical benefits. Furthermore, skeletal muscle density (SMD) ranked top in visualization using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) plotting. Lastly, we applied the RSF model in risk stratification, which showed a favorable performance.
Conclusions: The RSF model, which is based on body composition characteristics, performs well in predicting OS in LACC patients treated with definitive CRT. Moreover, the RSF model demonstrates value in risk stratification.
eGFR is a risk factor for Long-Term All-Cause Death : a case control study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Hypertension
Authors: Ning Meng , Zhang Chong , Li Zhiyuan , Hu Kun , Guo Tingting , Zhang Lei , Chen Yunfang , Lu Xin , Liu Yingwu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background: Hypertension combined with CKD is on the rise in middle-aged and elderly people. However, the association of early subclinical decline in kidney function with long-term mortality in these populations remains unclear. In this study, we developed a novel method for evaluating kidney function in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension and predicting their long-term survival outcomes based on the thresholds of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).
Methods: We constructed a retrospective cohort study with a sample of 350 patients and used time-dependent COX regression analysis to analyze the effect of eGFR threshold changes over time on survival outcomes. Patients were divided into three subgroups based on eGFR values and age (eGFRc=1, eGFRc=2 eGFRc=3). We analyzed the potential prognostic clinicopathological factors via univariate and multivariate Cox regression. A prediction model combined the prognostic clinicopathological factors with age-related eGFRc grouping was builded.
Results: The lower eGFR groups had significantly lower rates of survival (hazard ratio [HR] eGFRc=2 = 2.407, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.663–3.484, P = 0.000; HR eGFRc=3 = 7.081, 95% CI: 4.925–10.179, P = 0.000). The prediction model combined urinary albumintocreatinine ratio (ACR), Diabetes mellitus (DM), stroke, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), with age-related eGFRc grouping significantly predicted the long-term survival of patients with hypertension (AUC = 0.827, P = 0.0105).
Conclusions:The model above can be utilized for determining the thresholds of estimated renal function and assessing long-term survival in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension.