bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulatory effects of Zn(II) on the recognition properties of metal coordination imprinted polymers
Authors: Fan Peimin , Wang Bing 
Published: December 2009

AbstractUsing a Zn(II)–quercetin complex as a template (quercetin is a kind of flavonoid; flavonoids are important active ingredients of Chinese herbs), we prepared a new kind of metal coordination imprinted polymer (MCIP) in methanol by a molecular imprinting technique. The coordination mode and coordination ratio between quercetin and Zn(II) were studied in differential ultraviolet absorption spectrometry, and the ternary coordination of quercetin, Zn(II), and 4‐vinylpyridine was verified by similar methods. The effect of the crosslinking agent dosage on the morphology and network structure of MCIP and its binding capacity were studied by transmission electron microscopy and equilibrium binding experiments. The regulation of different anions and cations on the identification system of MCIP was studied in detail. In addition, the binding characteristics of MCIP were evaluated by Scatchard analysis. The experimental results show that the Zn(II)–quercetin imprinted polymer had selective binding to its template complex, including selectivities to the anions and cations, and a class of homogeneous recognition sites was formed in the polymer within the range of studied concentration. The dissociation constant and most apparent specific adsorption amount of the Zn(II)–quercetin imprinted polymer was calculated to be 0.6983 mmol/L and 78.72 μmol/g, respectively. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Rheological behavior of noncompatibilized and compatibilized PP/PET blends with SEBS‐g‐MA
Authors: Kordjazi Z. , Ebrahimi N. Golshan 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe rheological behaviors of noncompatibilized and compatibilized polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate blends (80/20) in relation with their morphology were studied at two constant levels using maleic anhydride‐modified styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene polymer. By scanning electron microscopy of cryofractured surfaces, the morphology of the blends was examined after etching. The frequency sweep and step strain experiments were carried out for the blends. The frequency sweep results indicated that increasing the compatibilizer causes behavioral changes of the rheological properties, which could be related to the aggregation of the dispersed particles with rubbery shell. Also, the frequency sweep and step strain experiments in linear region, after cessation of simple steady shear flow with various preshear rates (higher shear stress values than G′p), were done on compatibilized blend. The results showed that the morphology characteristics, defined by the aggregation of the dispersed particles based on rheological experimental data, were destroyed and replaced by an alignment in the flow direction for present imposed shear rates. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Influence of chemical compositions on the properties of random and multiblock sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)‐based proton‐exchange membranes
Authors: Liang Cui , Hisatani Hitomi , Maruyama Tatsuo , Ohmukai Yoshikage , Sotani Tomohiro , Matsuyama Hideto 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe influence of chemical compositions on the properties of sulfonated poly(arylene ether sulfone)‐based proton‐exchange membranes was studied. First, we synthesized three different series of random SPAES copolymers using three kinds of hydrophobic monomers, including 4,4′‐dihydroxyldiphenylether, 2,6‐dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN), and 4,4′‐hexafluoroisopropylidenediphenol (6F‐BPA) to investigate effects of hydrophobic components on the properties of SPAES membranes as proton‐exchange membranes. Random SPAES copolymers with 6F‐BPA showed the highest proton conductivity while random SPAES copolymers with DHN displayed the lowest methanol permeability among the three random copolymers. Subsequently, we synthesized multiblock SPAES using the DHN as a hydrophobic monomer and studied the effect of the length of hydrophilic segments in the multiblock SPAES copolymers on membrane performance. The results indicated that longer hydrophilic segments in the copolymers led to higher water uptake, proton conductivity, and proton/methanol selectivity of membranes even at low humidity. In addition, the morphology studies (AFM and SAXS measurements) of membranes suggested that multiblock copolymers with long hydrophilic segments resulted in developed phase separation in membranes, and ionic clusters formed more easily, thus improving the membrane performance. Therefore, both the kinds of hydrophobic monomers and the length of hydrophilic segments in SPAES copolymers would influence the membranes performance as proton‐exchange membranes. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Synthesis and sensitive properties of poly‐(bistriethylphosphine)‐platinum‐diethynylbenzene for organic vapor detection
Authors: Sun Ping , Jiang Yadong , Xie Guangzhong , Yu Junsheng , Du Xiaosong , Hu Jia 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPoly‐(bistriethylphosphine)‐platinum‐diethynylbenzene (Pt‐DEB) was synthesized by dehydrohalogenation reaction. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), FTIR, and 1H‐NMR spectra were used to identify the formation of Pt‐DEB target material. Sensitive properties of Pt‐DEB‐based quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor to various organic vapors such as trichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol, and methanol have been studied. The results show that Pt‐DEB has good reversibility, reproducibility, and linear sensitivity to organic vapors at room temperature. The sensitivity of Pt‐DEB (dissolved in CHCl3) toward CHCl3 is clearly higher than that toward other analytes, and a larger molecular weight of alcohol has a higher sensitivity response. The Pt‐DEB‐based QCM gas sensor shows low detection limits ranging from 1.0 to 3.56 ppm for the organic vapors and stable performance during a period of 30 days. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Surface functionalization of PHBV by HEMA grafting via UV treatment: Comparison with thermal free radical polymerization
Authors: Lao Hoi‐Kuan , Renard Estelle , Langlois Valérie , Vallée‐Rehel Karine , Linossier Isabelle 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe photochemical grafting HEMA onto poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) PHBHV films using benzophenone (BP) or H2O2 as initiator was investigated to develop a route of grafting restricted to the surface. The effect of various parameters, such as monomer concentration, initiator, and reaction time, on grafting yield was studied and compared with results obtained when using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. The morphology and structure of grafted films were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy with attenuated reflexion, scanning electron microscope and Energy Dispersive X‐ray Analysis. The results show that BP and H2O2 are very efficient for the grafting on the surface PHBV. The process is very fast and easy and the results are reproducible in a wide range. Photoinitiation grafted only on the surface in comparison with BPO, where the grafting is located in all the bulk of film. The films grafted by UV in presence of H2O2 are totally biodegradable when the graft level was low (less than 10%). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Hydrophilic property of polyester fabric coated with polyethylene glycolated bisphenol A
Authors: Ploymalee Suthasinee , Charuchinda Sireerat , Srikulkit Kawee 
Published: December 2009

AbstractPolyethylene glycolated bisphenol A (PEGBPA), a hydrophilic–hydrophobic compound, was synthesized and applied onto polyester fabric using a pad‐dry‐cure method to impart a durable hydrophilic property. After coating and heat fixation, the treated fabrics were evaluated for wettability by measurement of the net moisture regain and wicking distance, and their surfaces were characterized by SEM and ATR/FTIR spectroscopy. The durability of the treated fabrics were tested by ten standard repeat washings and samples were characterized for their wettability after each wash. The surface properties of the fabric changed from hydrophobic to hydrophilic after heat treatment with the coating agent PEGBPA. Using the degree of increased moisture regain and wicking distance of the treated fabrics as a guide, optimal treatment was attained by coating with 10–20 g/L PEGBPA followed by 160–180°C heat treatment for 3 min. Wash fastness evaluations, coupled with SEM and ATR/FTIR analyses, showed that PEGBPA exhibited good adhesion onto the PET surface and was capable of withstanding repeated washings. It was concluded that the coating adhesion solely depended on physical aspects, such as hydrophobic–hydrophobic interactions between the bisphenol A segment of PEGBPA and the PET aromatic segment. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Ring‐opening metathesis polymerization of tetracyclododecene using various catalyst systems
Authors: Kim Jaehoon , Wu Chun Ji , Kim Wan‐Joo , Kim Junhyuk , Lee Hyunjoo , Kim Jae‐Duck 
Published: December 2009

AbstractRing‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of a polycyclic olefin monomer (tetracyclododecene, TCD) was carried out using various catalyst systems. The catalysts included titanium‐based ternary system (titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4/triethylaluminum, Et3Al/triethylamine, Et3N), tungsten‐based ternary system (tungsten hexachloride, WCl6/triisobutyl aluminum, (i‐Bu)3Al/ethanol), and a ruthenium benzylidene catalyst (Grubbs 1st catalyst). The Grubbs 1st catalyst was most active in ROMP of TCD. The tungsten‐based catalyst was found to be more active than the titanium‐based catalyst. In contrast to the titanium‐based and the Grubbs 1st catalysts, ROMP of TCD with the tungsten‐based catalyst was very sensitive to gelation in the course of reaction. The effects of ethanol, WCl6 concentration, TCD/WCl6 ratio, and 1‐hexane on the polymerization yield and the polymer gel formation were investigated in detail, and optimized ROMP conditions were determined. Chemical structure of synthesized polymer was characterized using one‐ and two‐dimensional 150 MHz 13C and 600 MHz 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, molecular weights were measured using gel‐permeation chromatography, and thermal properties were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry. Number‐average molecular weights (Mn) of the polymer were in the range of 1.5–4.7 × 104 g/mol, and glass transition temperatures were in the range of 185–220°C. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Mechanical properties of polycarbonate/modified acrylonitrile‐styrene‐acrylate terpolymer blend
Authors: Ramteke Amol A. , Maiti S. N. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractModified acrylonitrile‐styrene‐acrylate (MASA) were prepared by grafting with maleic anhydride and optimization was carried out. The compatibilizer with four parts of ASA‐g‐MA in 10 parts of acrylonitrile‐styrene‐acrylate (ASA) was found effective in improving the interface. On that basis, the different compositions of blends of polycarbonate (PC)/MASA terpolymer were compounded using a twin screw extruder. The blends granules were then injection molded into a standard tensile specimens for mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and morphology characterization. The mechanical properties, such as, tensile behavior of melt mixed PC/modified ASA terpolymer blends at MASA content up to 52 vol % were evaluated. The tensile strength decreased with MASA concentration has been analyzed on the basis of interphase adhesion. Impact strength and elongation were increased with increase in ASA concentration up to 10 phr. Tensile modulus shows decrease with addition of ASA. Predictive models have been used to explain the tensile strength and modulus properties. The tensile modulus shows slightly negative deviation from rule of mixture indicating reduction in stiffness. Dynamic mechanical analysis shows evidence of partial miscibility. Morphology observations were also carried out to further insight into the system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Adsorption properties of novel chelating resins containing 2‐amino‐5‐methylthio‐1,3,4‐thiadizole and hydrophilic spacer arms for Hg2+ and Ag+
Authors: Wang Chunrong , Ji Chunnuan , Meng Yanfeng , Liu Li , Qu Rongjun , Wang Chunhua 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe adsorption properties, including the adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherms, and adsorption selectivity, of newly formed chelating resins that contained a heterocyclic functional group and a hydrophilic spacer arm of poly(ethylene glycol) [polystyrene–diethylene glycol–2‐amino‐5‐methylthio‐1,3,4‐thiadizole (PS–DEG–AMTZ) and polystyrene–triethylene glycol–2‐amino‐5‐methylthio‐1,3,4‐thiadizole (PS–TEG–AMTZ)] were studied in detail. The results show that the adsorption kinetics of PS–DEG–AMTZ and PS–TEG–AMTZ for Hg2+ and Ag+ could be described by a pseudo‐second‐order rate equation. The introduction of a spacer arm between the polymeric matrix and functional group was beneficial for increasing the adsorption rates. The apparent activation energies of the resins for Hg2+ and Ag+ were within 20.89–32.32 kJ/mol. The Langmuir model could describe the isothermal process of Hg2+ and Ag+. The competitive adsorption of the resins for Hg2+ and Ag+ in binary mixture systems was also investigated. The results show that Hg2+ and Ag+ were adsorbed before the other metal ions, such as Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe3+, Cd2+, and Pb2+, under competitive conditions. Five adsorption–desorption cycles were conducted for the reuse of the resins. The results indicate that these two resins were suitable for reuse without considerable changes in the adsorption capacity. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Synthesis and characterization of pH‐and salt‐sensitive hydrogel based on chemically modified poultry feather protein isolate
Authors: Lin Hailin , Sritham Eakasit , Lim Seokwon , Cui Yingde , Gunasekaran Sundaram 
Published: December 2009

AbstractHydrogels were synthesized from poultry feather protein by crosslinking ethylene diamine tetraacetic dianhydride (EDTAD)‐modified feather protein isolate (FPI) with glutaraldehyde (Glu). Different molar ratios of EDTAD/FPI were used to obtain FPI of different degrees of acylate modification. Differential scanning calorimeter measurements of glass transition temperature suggested that hydrogel formation was based on the hydrogen bond between EDTAD‐modified FPI segments. The swelling properties of modified FPI hydrogel were investigated in deionized water and in solutions of different salt contents (i.e., ionic strengths) and pH. An optimal swelling ratio (SR) of 63 g/g was obtained when molar ratios of EDTAD/FPI and Glu/FPI were 0.12 and 0.008, respectively. SR decreased substantially with increase in ionic strength, and at a given ionic strength, SR increased with solution pH in 4.0 to 10.0 range. The water transport mechanism of the hydrogel was also pH dependent and was controlled by Fickian diffusion and polymer relaxation. At higher pH value, the water transport profile became more dependent on polymer relaxation than at lower pH. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Studies on new organically modified ceramics based dental restorative resins
Authors: P. P. Lizymol 
Published: December 2009

AbstractNovel difunctional and tetra functional organically modified ceramics with methacrylate functional groups were developed from liquid precursors using the sol–gel process. These novel inorganic–organic hybrid materials were characterized using various techniques and used for the preparation of visible light cure dental restoratives, which have good mechanical properties and excellent surface hardness. Effect of cure time on vickers hardness of cured composite was measured, and compared with that of the bisphenol A glycidyl methacrylate (Bis GMA) based composite. Statistical evaluation using analysis of variance (single factor) showed a significant (P < 0.05) difference in diametral tensile strength and hardness with variation in inorganic content. Also a significantly improved hardness was obtained for the new organically modified ceramic composite compared with BisGMA based composite at all exposure time. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
Development of epoxy‐matrix composite with both high‐thermal conductivity and low‐dielectric constant via hybrid filler systems
Authors: Yung K. C. , Zhu B. L. , Yue T. M. , Xie C. S. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractMaterials used for printed circuit boards (PCBs) need to have more multifunctional properties, such as excellent thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties at the same time. Up to now, a sole polymer or single filler‐filled polymer composites is hard to satisfy the demand for more multifunctional properties, especially to obtain high‐thermal conductivity and low‐dielectric constant (Dk) simultaneously. In this study, two hybrid filler systems [i.e., hollow glass microsphere (HGM) and aluminum nitride (AlN), HGM, and boron nitride (BN)] were filled into epoxy matrix in an attempt to reach a composite with high‐thermal conductivity and low Dk at the same time. By varying the size, shape, and volume fraction of hybrid fillers, a new kind of epoxy‐matrix composite both with high‐thermal conductivity and low Dk as well as high‐glass transition temperature (Tg) and low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and dielectric loss factor (Df) were developed as candidate for future PCB markets. In addition, multiphase models describing the thermal conductivity and Dk were developed, and suitable models were recommended for present materials system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
The influence of carbon black batches on the fracture behavior of glass fiber reinforced PA6/PA66 blends
Authors: Kroll Markus , Langer Beate , Schumacher Siegfried , Grellmann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe toughness behavior of 30 wt % glass fiber reinforced PA6/PA66 blends colored with different masterbatches containing carbon black (CB) was characterized by the instrumented Charpy impact test. Two different CB types with different particle diameters as well as two different polymers, PE and PA6, were used to prepare the masterbatches. The CB concentration was varied from 0 to 1.2 wt % in the compounds and all materials were examined dry and after water absorption. The toughness of the compounds significantly decreased when CB was incorporated. Moisture conditioning of the materials led to increased toughness and ductility but did not compensate for the negative influence of CB. Using PE as a masterbatch polymer succeeded in limiting the influence of CB on toughness whereas the largest particle diameter led to the highest reduction in toughness. By taking into account crack resistance curves, it could be shown that there is a significant change in crack propagation behavior when the concentration of the larger particle CB exceeds a certain level; this was ascribed to the existence of complex CB structures at this concentration. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010
The use of multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical clustering to identify incident typologies pertaining to the biofuel industry
Authors: Riviére Carine , Marlair Guy 
Published: December 2009

AbstractBiofuel production has been expanding for more than five years, leading to an increasing number of production sites worldwide and also to a tremendous diversification of processes and approaches to producing biofuel. Such a fast move in industry has sometimes proven in the past to potentially lead to underestimating safety management needs. The significant number of existing facilities producing so called first generation biofuel allows for a reasonable survey of safety issues from incidents. In 2006, INERIS initiated research work devoted to the analysis of safety‐related issues including the implementation of an incidents database. Its purpose is to collect known and reasonably well documented incidents (explosions, fires, spills, derailments, and road accidents) that relate to the life cycle of biofuel supply chains. This paper focuses on the analysis of this database, which contains 100 incidents that occurred from January 2000 to early 2009. From the database, an attempt has been made to identify the root factors of incidents potentially impacting biofuel supply chains, using statistical methods like multiple correspondence analysis and ascendant hierarchical clustering. This multivariate analysis exercise has led us to identify five main incident typologies, which in turn allows us to draw appropriate information on safety issues pertaining to first‐generation biofuel supply chains. Each typology is illustrated by actual cases of accidents. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Creation of arrays of cell aggregates in defined patterns for developmental biology studies using dielectrophoresis
Authors: Yusvana Rama , Headon Denis J. , Markx Gerard H. 
Published: December 2009

AbstractIt is shown that dielectrophoresis—the movement of particles in non‐uniform electric fields—can be used to create engineered skin with artificial placodes of different sizes and shapes, in different spatial patterns. Modeling of the electric field distribution and image analysis of the cell aggregates produced showed that the aggregation is highly predictable. The cells in the aggregates remain viable, and reorganization and compaction of the cells in the aggregates occurs when the artificial skin is subsequently cultured. The system developed could be of considerable use for the in vitro study of developmental processes where local variations in cell density and direct cell–cell contacts are important. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2010;105: 945–954. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Improvement of ganoderic acid and Ganoderma polysaccharide biosynthesis by Ganoderma lucidum fermentation under the inducement of Cu2+
Authors: Tang Ya‐Jie , Zhu Li‐Wen 
Published: December 2009

AbstractThe cell growth and total accumulation of bioactive metabolites were significantly improved by Cu2+ addition during the submerged fermentation of medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum. A mathematical model, constructed by response surface methodology combination with full factorial design, was applied to study the synergic effect of Cu2+ addition concentration and addition time. The optimal Cu2+ inducement strategy for the cell growth were different from those for the biosynthesis of ganoderic acid (GA) and Ganoderma polysaccharide. A multiple additions strategy of Cu2+ by adding each 1 mM Cu2+ on day 2, 6, 8 and 2 mM Cu2+ on day 4 was developed to enhance total accumulation of GA and extracellular polysaccharides. The highest GA content reached 3.0 ± 0.1 mg per 100 mg DW, which was increased by 76.5% and 33.9% compared with the control without Cu2+ addition and the peak value predicted by the constructed mathematical model, respectively. While, relatively higher addition concentration of Cu2+ (i.e., 5 mM) on the culture of day 4 led to higher content and total production of intracellular polysaccharides. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2010