bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive Disorders among Adolescents Managed in a Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service
Authors: Wiggins Aaron , Oakley Mark Browne , Bearsley-Smith Cate , Villanueva Elmer 
Published: January 2010

Objective: The aims were to describe the prevalence and treatment of depressive disorders among case-managed adolescents attending a regional Child and Adolescent Mental Health Service (CAMHS). Method: An observational study was conducted in a regional CAMHS over a 3-month period. Clinicians recorded treatment of their case-managed adolescents aged 12–18 years at the end of each calendar month. The Health of the Nation Outcome Scale for Children and Adolescents (HoNOSCA) and Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) were collected at the beginning of the study period or at entry into the service, and repeated at discharge from the service or at the conclusion of the study period. Adolescents also completed the Reynold's Adolescent Depression Scale, 2nd edition. Results: Depressive disorders were the most common clinician diagnosis reported (22%). There was no statistically significant difference in treatment for depressed compared to non-depressed adolescents. There was a statistically significant improvement in both the HoNOSCA scores (p < 0.001) and CGAS scores (p < 0.001) for the whole sample. Conclusion: Treatment appeared to be the same in type for depressed compared to non-depressed adolescents case managed within CAMHS.
Self‐directed learning of basic musculoskeletal ultrasound among rheumatologists in the United States
Authors: Kissin Eugene Y. , Nishio Jane , Yang Mei , Backhaus Marina , Balint Peter V. , Bruyn George A. W. , Craig‐Muller Jurgen , D'Agostino Maria A. , Feoktistov Alexander , Goyal Janak , Iagnocco Annamaria , Ike Robert W. , Moller Ingrid , Naredo Esperanza , Pineda Carlos , Schmidt Wolfgang A. , Swen Nanno , Tabechian Darren , Wakefield Richard J. , Wells Alvin F. , Kaeley Gurjit S. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveBecause musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) is highly user dependent, we aimed to establish whether non‐mentored learning of MSUS is sufficient to achieve the same level of diagnostic accuracy and scanning reliability as has been achieved by rheumatologists recognized as international experts in MSUS.MethodsA group of 8 rheumatologists with more experience in MSUS and 8 rheumatologists with less experience in MSUS participated in an MSUS exercise to assess patients with musculoskeletal abnormalities commonly seen in a rheumatology practice. Patients' established diagnoses were obtained from chart review (gout, osteoarthritis, rotator cuff syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and seronegative arthritis). Two examining groups were formed, each composed of 4 less experienced and 4 more experienced examiners. Each group scanned 1 predefined body region (hand, wrist, elbow, shoulder, knee, or ankle) in each of 8 patients, blinded to medical history and physical examination. Structural abnormalities were noted with dichotomous answers, and an open‐ended answer was used for the final diagnosis.ResultsLess experienced and more experienced examiners achieved the same diagnostic accuracy (US‐established diagnosis versus chart review diagnosis). The interrater reliability for tissue pathology was slightly higher for more experienced versus less experienced examiners (κ = 0.43 versus κ = 0.34; P = 0.001).ConclusionNon‐mentored training in MSUS can lead to the achievement of diagnostic accuracy in MSUS comparable to that achieved by highly experienced international experts. Reliability may increase slightly with additional experience. Further study is needed to determine the minimal training requirement to achieve proficiency in MSUS.
Within‐subregion relationship between bone marrow lesions and subsequent cartilage loss in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Kothari Ami , Guermazi Ali , Chmiel Joan S. , Dunlop Dorothy , Song Jing , Almagor Orit , Marshall Meredith , Cahue September , Prasad Pottumarthi , Sharma Leena 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveBone marrow lesions are believed to increase risk of knee osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Whether their effect is local and whether it can be explained by other types of bone lesions concomitantly present in the same subregion is unclear. We evaluated bone lesion frequency in subregions without cartilage lesions and cartilage lesion frequency in subregions without bone lesions, and investigated the within‐subregion bone marrow lesion/subsequent cartilage loss relationship after adjusting for other types of bone lesions at baseline.MethodsIndividuals with knee OA had magnetic resonance imaging at baseline and 2 years later. Cartilage integrity and bone marrow lesions, cysts, and attrition were scored within tibiofemoral subregions. Logistic regression, with generalized estimating equations to account for correlation among multiple subregions within a knee, was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for cartilage loss associated with bone marrow lesions, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and bone attrition and cysts in the same subregion.ResultsAnalyzing 1,953 subregions among 177 knees, 90% of subregions had no bone lesions at baseline. Only 0–3% of subregions without cartilage lesions had bone lesions in the same subregion; in contrast, 5–33% of subregions without bone lesions had cartilage lesions. Bone marrow lesions at baseline were associated with cartilage loss in the same subregion at 2 years, adjusting for other types of bone lesions at baseline (adjusted OR 3.74, 95% confidence interval 1.59–8.82).ConclusionIn subjects with knee OA, bone marrow lesions were rare at early disease stages but predicted subregional cartilage loss after accounting for the presence of other types of bone lesions in the same subregion.
Protocols for the initial treatment of moderately severe juvenile dermatomyositis: Results of a Children's Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Consensus Conference
Authors: Huber Adam M. , Giannini Edward H. , Bowyer Suzanne L. , Kim Susan , Lang Bianca , Lindsley Carol B. , Pachman Lauren M. , Pilkington Clarissa , Reed Ann M. , Rennebohm Robert M. , Rider Lisa G. , Wallace Carol A. , Feldman Brian M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo use juvenile dermatomyositis (DM) survey data and expert opinion to develop a small number of consensus treatment protocols, which reflect current initial treatment of moderately severe juvenile DM.MethodsA consensus meeting was held in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on December 1–2, 2007. Nominal group technique was used to achieve consensus on treatment protocols, which represented typical management of moderately severe juvenile DM. Consensus was also reached as to which patients these protocols would be applicable (inclusion and exclusion criteria), which initial investigations should be done prior to initiating one of these protocols, which data should be collected to evaluate these protocols, and the concomitant interventions required or recommended.ResultsThree protocols that described the first 2 months of treatment were developed. All protocols included corticosteroids and methotrexate. One protocol also included intravenous gamma globulin. Consensus was achieved for all issues that were addressed by conference participants, although there were some areas of controversy.ConclusionDespite considerable variation in clinical practice, it is possible to achieve consensus on the initial treatment of juvenile DM. Once these protocols are extended beyond 2 months, these protocols will be available for clinical use. By using methods that account for differences between patients (confounding by indication), the comparative effectiveness of the protocols will be evaluated. In the future, the goal will be to identify the optimal treatment of moderately severe juvenile DM.
Disengaging from a distributed research project: Refining a model of group departures
Authors: Kazmer Michelle M. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractUnderstanding how groups end and how group members depart helps us understand how these ending and departure processes affect group outcomes, individuals' willingness and ability to work in subsequent groups together or with others, and the maintenance of group‐generated knowledge over time. In this article, a distributed, grant‐funded research project group provides the setting for an analysis of the process that members went through as they disengaged from and dismantled their group when the funding period ended and the project was winding down. Qualitative interviews with group members were analyzed using a model of disengaging that was developed in an earlier study. The model comprises 12 interwoven parts of a disengaging process that begins well before the group ends and extends beyond the official termination of the group. The model frames the analysis and is revised as a result of the research findings.
A longitudinal study of scholars attitudes and behaviors toward open‐access journal publishing
Authors: Xia Jingfeng 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis research applies statistical time series analysis to examine the changing pattern of scholars' attitudes toward open‐access (OA) journal publishing from the early 1990s. By synthesizing survey results in existing studies, this research focuses on representative aspects of the attitudes and behaviors recorded through the years. It finds that although an increase in the publishing and awareness rates of scholars with regard to OA journals has been observed, scholars have been consistently concerned with the low prestige of such journals and their lack of peer review, which is not the case in practice. It is hoped that the findings will provide useful information for the improvement of OA advocacy.
Observed ENSO teleconnections with the South American monsoon system
Authors: Krishnamurthy V. , Misra Vasubandhu 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study establishes from observations that there exists a spatially coherent and seasonally persistent association of El Niño and Southern Oscillation(ENSO) with the South American monsoon variability over a large region that includes central‐east part of South America. This result is confirmed using both remote sensing data of outgoing long‐wave radiation and in situ rain gauge observations independently. This slowly varying atmospheric pattern has very high daily correlation with the sea surface temperature(SST) over the tropical Pacific and Indian Oceans. The December‐to‐March seasonal mean of the rainfall is often determined by this ENSO‐related pattern. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
Propagation of uncertainty from observing systems and NWP into hydrological models: COST‐731 Working Group 2
Authors: Zappa Massimiliano , Beven Keith J. , Bruen Michael , Cofiño Antonio S. , Kok Kees , Martin Eric , Nurmi Pertti , Orfila Bartlomé , Roulin Emmanuel , Schröter Kai , Seed Alan , Szturc Jan , Vehviläinen Bertel , Germann Urs , Rossa Andrea 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe COST‐731 action is focused on uncertainty propagation in hydrometeorologica
l forecasting chains. Goals and activities of the action Working Group 2 are presented. Five foci for discussion and research have been identified: (1) understand uncertainties, (2) exploring, designing and comparing methodologies for the use of uncertainty in hydrological models, (3) providing feedback on sensitivity to data and forecast providers, (4) transferring methodologies among the different communities involved and (5) setting up test‐beds and perform proof‐of‐concepts. Current examples of different perspectives on uncertainty propagation are presented. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Society
A review of the road safety strategy in hong kong
Authors: Loo Becky P. Y. , Wong S. C. , Hung W. T. , Lo Hong K. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractSince the mid‐1990s, the effectiveness of road safety measures in Hong Kong has been weakening. Six administrations in Australia, California, Great Britain (GB), Japan, New Zealand and Sweden are selected to help review the road safety activities in Hong Kong. Nine main components of the road safety strategy, including vision, objectives, targets, action plan, evaluation and monitoring, research and development, quantitative modeling, institutional framework and funding are summarized from the road safety strategies of these overseas administrations and compared to that of Hong Kong. It is found that Hong Kong's road safety activities have to be restructured to make significant improvement. In the future, a new approach structured by the nine different road safety components is recommended. The lessons learnt can be generalized to smooth the progress of other administrations at the Intermediate Stage towards the Advanced Stage of road safety development by using the short‐, medium‐ and long‐term approaches.
Observing freeway ramp merging phenomena in congested traffic
Authors: Sarvi Majid , Kuwahara Masao , Ceder Avishai 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis work conducts a comprehensive investigation of traffic behavior and characteristics during freeway ramp merging under congested traffic conditions. On the Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway, traffic congestion frequently occurs at merging bottleneck sections, especially during heavy traffic demand. The Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway public corporation, generally applies different empirical strategies to increase the flow rate and decrease the accident rate at the merging sections. However, these strategies do not rely either on any behavioral characteristics of the merging traffic or on the geometric design of the merging segments. There have been only a few research publications concerned with traffic behavior and characteristics in these situations. Therefore, a three‐year study is undertaken to investigate traffic behavior and characteristics during the merging process under congested situations.Extensive traffic data capturing a wide range of traffic and geometric information were collected using detectors, videotaping, and surveys at eight interchanges in Tokyo Metropolitan Expressway. Maximum discharged flow rate from the head of the queue at merging sections in conjunction with traffic and geometric characteristics were analyzed. In addition, lane changing maneuver with respect to the freeway and ramp traffic behaviors were examined. It is believed that this study provides a thorough understanding of the freeway ramp merging dynamics. In addition, it forms a comprehensive database for the development and implementation of congestion management techniques at merging sections utilizing Intelligent Transportation System.
Development of a probabilistic model to optimize disseminated real‐time bus arrival information for pre‐trip passengers
Authors: Chien Steven I‐Jy , Daripally Sunil Kumar , Kim Kitae 
Published: January 2010

AbstractIn the advent of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS), the total wait time of passengers for buses may be reduced by disseminating real‐time bus arrival times for the next or series of buses to pre‐trip passengers through various media (e.g., internet, mobile phones, and personal digital assistants). A probabilistic model is desirable and developed in this study, while realistic distributions of bus and passenger arrivals are considered. The disseminated bus arrival time is optimized by minimizing the total wait time incurred by pre‐trip passengers, and its impact to the total wait time under both late and early bus arrival conditions is studied. Relations between the optimal disseminated bus arrival time and major model parameters, such as the mean and standard deviation of arrival times for buses and pre‐trip passengers, are investigated. Analytical results are presented based on Normal and Lognormal distributions of bus arrivals and Gumbel distribution of pre‐trip passenger arrivals at a designated stop. The developed methodology can be practically applied to any arrival distributions of buses and passengers.
Using automatic passenger counter data in bus arrival time prediction
Authors: Chen Mei , Yaw Jason , Chien Steven I. , Liu Xiaobo 
Published: January 2010

AbstractArtificial neural networks have been used in a variety of prediction models because of their flexibility in modeling complicated systems. Using the automatic passenger counter data collected by New Jersey Transit, a model based on a neural network was developed to predict bus arrival times. Test runs showed that the predicted travel times generated by the models are reasonably close to the actual arrival times.
Development of pictograms for dynamic traffic control systems in South Korea
Authors: Choi Jaisung , Tay Richard 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis study developed a set of pictograms for lane control systems, to provide additional information to drivers on weather and traffic incidents. The results suggest that in the design of traffic signs, it is important to consider local context and not simply adopt standards and practices that are developed elsewhere. The differences in the social and cultural environments may affect the ease of reading and comprehension by local drivers. However, the study also showed that not all locally developed signs were rated higher for their ease of reading than others… Since some design characteristics are more salient, whereas others tend to be more dependent on the local context, it is important to conduct simple experiments and exploratory research to find the optimal designs to be used.
Multimodal, multiclass stochastic dynamic traffic assignment for evaluating information provision strategies
Authors: Lee Seungjae 
Published: January 2010

AbstractA multimodal, multiclass stochastic dynamic traffic assignment model was developed to evaluate pre‐trip and enroute travel information provision strategies. Three different information strategies were examined: user optimum [UO], system optimum [SO] and mixed optimum [MO]. These information provision strategies were analyzed based on the levels of traffic congestion and market penetration rate for the information equipment. Only two modes, bus and car, were used for evaluating and calculating the modal split ratio. Several scenarios were analyzed using day‐to‐day and within day dynamic models. From the results analyzed, it was found that when a traffic manager provides information for drivers using the UO strategy and drivers follow the provided information absolutely, the total travel time may increases over the case with no information. Such worsening occurs when drivers switch their routes and face traffic congestion on the alternative route. This phenomenon is the 'Braess Paradox'.
Parking difficulty and parking information system technologies and costs
Authors: Teng Hualiang (Harry) , Qi Yi (Grace) , Martinelli David R. 
Published: January 2010

AbstractBefore the implementation of a parking information system, it is necessary to evaluate the parking difficulty, technology choice, and system costs. In this study, the parking problem was quantified by asking parkers to express their parking difficulties in five scaled levels from the least to the most difficult. An ordered Probit model was developed to identify the factors that influence a parker to feel the parking difficulty. The results indicate that the amount of parking information parkers had before their trips was directly related to their parking search time, which in turn, influenced their perceptions of parking difficulty. Parkers' preferences to parking information technologies were identified based on developing binary and multinomial probit models. The results indicate that personal business trips and older persons would like to use the kiosk, while the more educated and males would not. Trips with shopping and social/recreation purposes and the drivers who had visited the destination areas frequently would like to choose roadside display. Drivers who had planned their parking and had Internet access would use in‐vehicle device. The system cost was estimated based on the cost for each component of the system. The results show that providing en‐route parking search information through roadside displays is more expensive than providing pre‐trip information through a web site.
The asymmetric effects of service quality on passengers' choice of carriers for international air travel
Authors: Jou Rong‐Chang , Lam Soi‐Hoi , Kuo Chung‐Wei , Chen Chih‐Ching 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThe asymmetric effects of service quality on international travelers' airline choice behavior were investigated in this paper. The linear structural equation modeling system was first applied to quantify passengers' perceptions of service quality provided by airlines, which were then used as the input variables of the asymmetric response model developed to capture international travelers' airline decision. Their asymmetric responses to various service quality of airlines were assumed to be either gains or losses with respect to their reference points. The results showed that the asymmetric response model performs better than the traditional logit models that capture only symmetrical effects.
Comparative analysis of three user equilibrium models under stochastic demand
Authors: Zhou Zhong , Chen Anthony 
Published: January 2010

AbstractRecent empirical studies on the value of time and reliability reveal that travel time variability plays an important role on travelers' route choice decision process. It can be considered as a risk to travelers making a trip. Therefore, travelers are not only interested in saving their travel time but also in reducing their risk. Typically, risk can be represented by two different aspects: acceptable risk and unacceptable risk. Acceptable risk refers to the reliability aspect of acceptable travel time, which is defined as the average travel time plus the acceptable additional time (or buffer time) needed to ensure more frequent on‐time arrivals, while unacceptable risk refers to the unreliability aspect of unacceptable late arrivals (though infrequent) that have a travel time excessively higher than the acceptable travel time. Most research in the network equilibrium based approach to modeling travel time variability ignores the unreliability aspect of unacceptable late arrivals. This paper examines the effects of both reliability and unreliability aspects in a network equilibrium framework. Specifically, the traditional user equilibrium model, the demand driven travel time reliability‐based user equilibrium model, and the α‐reliable mean‐excess travel time user equilibrium model are considered in the investigation under an uncertain environment due to stochastic travel demand. Numerical results are presented to examine how these models handle risk under travel time variability.
Modelling rain effects on risk‐taking behaviours of multi‐user classes in road networks with uncertainty
Authors: Shao Hu , Lam William H. K. , Tam Mei Lam , Yuan Xiao‐Ming 
Published: January 2010

AbstractThis paper proposes a new travel time reliability‐based traffic assignment model to investigate the rain effects on risk‐taking behaviours of different road users in networks with day‐to‐day demand fluctuations and variations in travel time. A generalized link travel time function is used to capture the rain effects on vehicle travel times and road conditions. This function is further incorporated into daily demand variations to investigate those travel time variations arising from demand uncertainty and rain condition. In view of these rain effects, road users' perception errors on travel times and risk‐taking behaviours on path choices are incorporated in the proposed model with the use of a logit‐based stochastic user equilibrium framework. This new model is formulated as a variational inequality problem in terms of path flows. A numerical example is used to illustrate the application of the proposed model for assessment of the rain effects on road networks with uncertainty.