bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chaos generation of superconducting quantum bits coupled with LC resonant circuits
Authors: Lu Lian-E , Wu Jian-Zhuang , Ma Yong-Hong 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The dynamics of chaos have been widely used in nonlinear science, such as neural networks, extreme event statistics, and the biophysics of chaos self-organization. Superconducting qubits are artificial atoms based on the Josephson junction structure of nonlinear superconducting devices, offering high design flexibility and ease of coupling and control. In this paper, the generation of chaos through the coupling between superconducting qubits and LC resonant circuits is investigated. By varying the ratio of Josephson energy to charge energy, the coupling coefficient, and the energy of the external driving field, the generation and control of chaos within the system are numerically analyzed. This study provides theoretical support for parameter selection ensuring the confidentiality and fidelity of quantum information transmission based on the chaotic dynamics of superconducting qubits.
Penetration depth and critical fields in superconducting NbTi thin films grown by co-sputtering at room temperature
Authors: Lee Yeonkyu , Yun Jinyoung , Lee Chanyoung , Sirena M , Kim Jeehoon , Haberkorn N 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a study on the superconducting properties of 300 nm thick NbTi thin films grown by co-sputtering on silicon substrates at room temperature. The samples exhibit a Nb (50 at%) and Ti (50 at%) chemical composition, revealing a polycrystalline structure textured along the (110) axis of the body-centered cubic structure. The measured superconducting critical temperature (T

c
) was 9.65 K, and the upper critical field extrapolated to zero temperature reached approximately 15 T, resulting in a coherence length at zero temperature of approximately 4.7 nm. The penetration depth was determined through local magnetic force microscopy measurements conducted at temperatures from 4.25 to 7 K. The obtained values range from (250 ± 15) nm at 4.25 K to (370 ± 20) nm at 7 K. Extrapolating these measurements to zero temperature, we obtained an estimated value of (230 ± 20) nm. To extend the performance and potential applications of NbTi, we additionally grew a 150 nm thick sample on flexible polyimide. In this case, we observed that the films preserved their superconducting properties, displaying a decrease in T

c
to 9.2 K and a similar upper critical field compared to samples grown on silicon. The feasibility of growing NbTi alloys at room temperature, with superconducting parameters comparable to or superior to metallic Nb for the upper critical field, renders this system promising for cryogenic applications, particularly in the development of high-performance electronic devices on both rigid and flexible substrates.
Dynamically tunable terahertz multi-band perfect absorber based on photosensitive silicon
Authors: Gao Jiajun , Zhao Lu , Zhang Ziyi , Liu Shuhao , Li Ruomeng , Mu Kaijun , Zhang Bin , Wang Junqiao 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A tunable narrowband terahertz absorber is proposed based on the photosensitive characteristics of silicon. When silicon is insulating without the pump beam, the absorber realizes three-frequency absorption at 0.731 THz, 1.145 THz, and 1.546 THz with absorptivity of 99.43%, 99.99%, and 99.98%, respectively. When the silicon is excited by the pump beam, it is conducting, and the absorber realizes double-frequency absorption at 0.852 THz, 1.536 THz, with 99.99% and 99.31%. The impedance matching theory explains the perfect absorption, and the electric field and surface current distributions are further discussed to elaborate the physical mechanisms. In addition, the effect of geometric parameters on the absorptivity is discussed. The absorber exhibits wide-angle absorption characteristics when light is polarized along the y-direction, and the absorptivity exhibits weak dependence on the polarization angle. The proposed absorber has promising applications in electromagnetic cloaking, narrow-band thermal radiation, and optoelectronic detection.
Traversable wormholes from Loop Quantum Gravity
Authors: Cruz M.B. , Neves R.M.P. , Muniz Celio R. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study introduces and investigates Lorentzian traversable wormhole solutions rooted in Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). The static and spherically symmetric solutions to be examined stem from the energy density sourcing self-dual regular black holes discovered by L. Modesto, relying on the parameters associated with LQG, which account for the quantum nature of spacetime. We specifically focus on macroscopic wormholes characterized by small values of these parameters. Our analysis encompasses zero-tidal solutions and those with non-constant redshift functions, exploring immersion diagrams, curvatures, energy conditions, equilibrium requirements, and the requisite quantity of exotic matter to sustain these wormholes. The investigation underscores the influence of LQG parameters on these features, highlighting the pivotal role of spacetime's quantum properties in shaping such objects and governing their behavior.
Forecast cosmological constraints from the number counts of Gravitational Waves events
Authors: Antinozzi Giovanni , Martinelli Matteo , Maoli Roberto 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We present a forecast for the upcoming Einstein Telescope (ET) interferometer with two new
methods to infer cosmological parameters. We consider the emission of Gravitational Waves (GWs)
from compact binary coalescences, whose electromagnetic counterpart is missing, namely Dark Sirens
events. Most of the methods used to infer cosmological information from GW observations rely on
the availability of a redshift measurement, usually obtained with the help of external data, such
as galaxy catalogues used to identify the most likely galaxy to host the emission of the observed
GWs. Instead, our approach is based only on the GW survey itself and exploits the information on
the distance of the GW rather than on its redshift. Since a large dataset spanning the whole
distance interval is expected to fully represent the distribution, we applied our methods to the
expected ET's far-reaching measuring capabilities. We simulate a dataset of observations with ET
using the package darksirens, assuming an underlying ΛCDM cosmology, and
including the possibility to choose between three possible Star Formation Rate density (SFR)
models, also accounting for possible population III stars (PopIII). We test two independent
statistical methods: one based on a likelihood approach on the theoretical expectation of observed
events, and another applying the cut-and-count method, a simpler method to compare the
observed number of events with the predicted counts. Both methods are consistent in their final
results, and also show the potential to distinguish an incorrect SFR model from the
data, but not the presence of a possible PopIII. Concerning the cosmological parameters, we find
instead that ET observations by themselves would suffer from strong degeneracies, but have the
potential to significantly contribute to parameter estimation if used in synergy with
other surveys.
Interface state-based bound states in continuum and below-continuum-resonance modes with high-Q factors in the rotational periodic system
Authors: Yang 杨 Jialing 嘉玲 , Shi 史 Aoqian 奥芊 , Peng 彭 Yuchen 宇宸 , Peng 彭 Peng 鹏 , Liu 刘 Jianjun 建军 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We have introduced a new approach to calculate the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of bound states in continuum (BICs) and below-continuum-resonance (BCR) modes in the rotational periodic system nested inside and outside by transforming the Bloch wave number from the translational periodic system. We extensively classify and study these BICs and BCR modes, which exhibit high-quality (high-Q) factors, in different regions relative to the interface of the system. These BICs and BCR modes with a high-Q factor have been studied in detail based on distinctive structural parameters and scattering theory. The outcomes of this research break the periodic limitation of interface state-based BICs, and realize more and higher symmetry interface state-based BICs and BCR modes. Moreover, we can control the region where light is captured by adjusting the frequency, and show that the Q factor of BICs is more closely related to the ordinal number of rings and the rotational symmetry number of the system.
Design and beam dynamics simulation of an 8 MeV compact accelerator-driven neutron source
Authors: Chen G.X. , Ma W. , Wang C.Y. , Zhang Z.Y. , Zou L.P. , Yang Z. , Yang J.H. , Lu L. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A compact accelerator-driven neutron source is proposed at
Sino-French Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology, Sun
Yat-Sen University, called Sun Yat-Sen University Proton Accelerator
Facility (SYSU-PAFA). The proton accelerator is composed of a proton
electron cyclotron resonance source, a four-vane radio frequency
quadrupole (RFQ), and an alternative phase focusing drift tube linac
(APF-DTL). It can accelerate 10 mA proton beam to 8 MeV. Due to
the high current, beam matching is particularly important. In order
to achieve beam matching between various components, beam transport
sections are needed. The beam transport line is divided into three
segments. The Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) ensures that the beam
parameters are matched before entering the RFQ. The Medium Energy
Beam Transport (MEBT) segment efficiently transfers the beam between
the RFQ and DTL. The High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) focuses on
transporting the beam to the targets. The design goal of beam
transport line is as short as possible while ensuring high
efficiency of beam transportation. SYSU-PAFA has an overall
transmission efficiency of 99%, with optimal transverse matching
conditions between beam transport and RFQ or DTL accelerators. The
efficient use of solenoids and magnets allows for a compact
transmission section, resulting in a total length of 13.6 meters,
shorter than most accelerators at the same beam energy. This paper
will provide the detailed beam dynamics of the compact accelerator.
One large area trigger detector for cosmic ray telescope system
Authors: Liu Wenchang , Wang Liping , Ji Shulong , Feng Cunfeng 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The large area trigger detector is a key instrument in cosmic ray telescope system. One large area detector, sensitive size 1.3 * 2 m2, is proposed in this paper based on plastic scintillator tiles and wavelength shift optical fibers. Thanks to the wavelength shift fibers coupling to the scintillator tiles, only one photomultiplier tube is used to output the signals for whole large area detector. So this detector is simple and economy. The signal uniformity of this detector is better than 96% over the whole surface including the edges or corners. The detection efficiency of the muon is higher than 95%, and the time resolution is better than 10 ns over the entire detector. These performances are sufficient for the trigger detector in most cosmic ray telescope system.
Progressive enhanced photodynamic therapy and enhanced chemotherapy fighting against malignant tumors with sequential drug release
Authors: Yang Yibo , Zhang Xin , Bai Zhimin , Cui Zutong , Liang Wenming , Zhang Jia , Li Kun , Shi Ming , Liu Zhiwei , Wang Jidong , Li Jian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
During the process of malignant tumor treatment, photodynamic therapy (PDT) exerts poor efficacy due to the hypoxic environment of the tumor cells, and long-time chemotherapy reduces the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapy drugs due to the presence of drug-resistant proteins on the cell membranes for drug outward transportation. Therefore, we reported a nano platform based on mesoporous silica coated with polydopamine (MSN@PDA) loading PDT enhancer MnO2, photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) (designated as DMPIM) to achieve a sequential release of different drugs to enhance treatment of malignant tumors. MSN was first synthesized by a template method, then DOX was loaded into the mesoporous channels of MSN, and locked by the PDA coating. Next, ICG was modified by π–π stacking on PDA, and finally, MnO2 layer was accumulated on the surface of DOX@MSN@PDA- ICG@MnO2, achieving orthogonal loading and sequential release of different drugs. DMPIM first generated oxygen (O2) through the reaction between MnO2 and H2O2 after entering tumor cells, alleviating the hypoxic environment of tumors and enhancing the PDT effect of sequentially released ICG. Afterwards, ICG reacted with O2 in tumor tissue to produce reactive oxygen species, promoting lysosomal escape of drugs and inactivation of p-glycoprotein (p-gp) on tumor cell membranes. DOX loaded in the MSN channels exhibited a delay of approximately 8 h after ICG release to exert the enhanced chemotherapy effect. The drug delivery system achieved effective sequential release and multimodal combination therapy, which achieved ideal therapeutic effects on malignant tumors. This work offers a route to a sequential drug release for advancing the treatment of malignant tumors.
Regional potential of coastal ocean alkalinization with olivine within 100 years
Authors: Ramasamy Murugan , Amann Thorben , Moosdorf Nils 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
The spreading of crushed olivine-rich rocks in coastal seas to accelerate weathering reactions sequesters atmospheric CO2 and reduces atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Their weathering rates depend on different factors, including temperature and the reaction surface area. Therefore, this study investigates the variations in olivine-based enhanced weathering rates across 13 regional coasts worldwide. In addition, it assesses the CO2 sequestration within 100 years and evaluates the maximum net-sequestration potential based on varying environmental conditions. Simulations were conducted using the geochemical thermodynamic equilibrium modeling software PHREEQC. A sensitivity analysis was performed, exploring various combinations of influencing parameters, including grain size, seawater temperature, and chemistry. The findings reveal significant variation in CO2 sequestration, ranging from 0.13 to 0.94 metric tons (t) of CO2 per ton of distributed olivine-rich rocks over 100 years. Warmer coastal regions exhibit higher CO2 sequestration capacities than temperate regions, with a difference of 0.4 t CO2/t olivine distributed. Sensitivity analysis shows that smaller grain sizes (10 µm) exhibit higher net CO2 sequestration rates (0.87 t/t) in olivine-based enhanced weathering across all conditions, attributed to their larger reactive surface area. However, in warmer seawater temperatures, olivine with slightly larger grain sizes (50 and 100 µm) displays still larger net CO2 sequestration rates (0.97 and 0.92 t/t), optimizing the efficiency of CO2 sequestration while reducing grinding energy requirements. While relying on a simplified sensitivity analysis that does not capture the full complexity of real-world environmental dynamics, this study contributes to understanding the variability and optimization of enhanced weathering for CO2 sequestration, supporting its potential as a sustainable CO2 removal strategy.
The spectrum of asymptotic Cayley trees
Authors: Durhuus Bergfinnur , Jonsson Thordur , Wheater John 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
We characterize the spectrum of the transition matrix for simple random walk on graphs consisting of a finite graph with a finite number of infinite Cayley trees attached. We show that there is a continuous spectrum identical to that for a Cayley tree and, in general, a non-empty pure point spectrum. We apply our results to studying continuous time quantum walk on these graphs. If the pure point spectrum is nonempty the walk is in general confined with a nonzero probability.
On the structure factor of jammed particle configurations on the one-dimensional lattice
Authors: Luck Jean-Marc 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
A broad class of blocked or jammed configurations of particles on the one-dimensional lattice can be characterized in terms of local rules involving only the lengths of clusters of particles (occupied sites) and of holes (empty sites). Examples of physical relevance include the metastable states reached by the zero-temperature dynamics of kinetically constrained spin chains, the attractors of totally irreversible processes such as random sequential adsorption, and arrays of Rydberg atoms in the blockade regime. The configurational entropy of ensembles of such blocked configurations has been investigated recently by means of an approach inspired from the theory of stochastic renewal processes. This approach provides a valuable alternative to the more traditional transfer-matrix formalism. We show that the renewal approach is also an efficient tool to investigate a range of observables in uniform ensembles of blocked configurations, besides their configurational entropy. The main emphasis is on their structure factor and correlation function.
Biomimetic gradient scaffolds for the tissue engineering and regeneration of rotator cuff enthesis
Authors: Chen Yang , Li Yexin , Zhu Weihong , Liu Qian 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Rotator cuff tear is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders, which often results in recurrent shoulder pain and limited movement. Enthesis is a structurally complex and functionally critical interface connecting tendon and bone that plays an essential role in maintaining integrity of the shoulder joint. Despite the availability of advanced surgical procedures for rotator cuff repair, there is a high rate of failure following surgery due to suboptimal enthesis healing and regeneration. Novel strategies based on tissue engineering are gaining popularity in improving tendon-bone interface (TBI) regeneration. Through incorporating physical and biochemical cues into scaffold design which mimics the structure and composition of native enthesis is advantageous to guide specific differentiation of seeding cells and facilitate the formation of functional tissues. In this review, we summarize the current state of research in enthesis tissue engineering highlighting the development and application of biomimetic scaffolds that replicate the gradient TBI. We also discuss the latest techniques for fabricating potential translatable scaffolds such as 3D bioprinting and microfluidic device. While preclinical studies have demonstrated encouraging results of biomimetic gradient scaffolds, the translation of these findings into clinical applications necessitates a comprehensive understanding of their safety and long-term efficacy.
Roadmap on perovskite light-emitting diodes
Authors: Chen Ziming , Hoye Robert L Z , Yip Hin-Lap , Fiuza-Maneiro Nadesh , López-Fernández Iago , Otero-Martínez Clara , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana , Mondal Navendu , Mirabelli Alessandro , Anaya Miguel , Stranks Samuel D , Liu Hui , Shi Guangyi , Xiao Zhengguo , Kim Nakyung , Kim Yunna , Shin Byungha , Shi Jinquan , Liu Mengxia , Zhang Qianpeng , Fan Zhiyong , Loy James C , Zhao Lianfeng , Rand Barry P , Arfin Habibul , Saikia Sajid , Nag Angshuman , Zou Chen , Lin Lih Y , Xiang Hengyang , Zeng Haibo , Liu Denghui , Su Shi-Jian , Wang Chenhui , Zhong Haizheng , Xuan Tong-Tong , Xie Rong-Jun , Bao Chunxiong , Gao Feng , Gao Xiang , Qin Chuanjiang , Kim Young-Hoon , Beard Matthew C 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the field of metal-halide perovskite emitters has rapidly emerged as a new community in solid-state lighting. Their exceptional optoelectronic properties have contributed to the rapid rise in external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) in perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) from <1% (in 2014) to over 30% (in 2023) across a wide range of wavelengths. However, several challenges still hinder their commercialization, including the relatively low EQEs of blue/white devices, limited EQEs in large-area devices, poor device stability, as well as the toxicity of the easily accessible lead components and the solvents used in the synthesis and processing of PeLEDs. This roadmap addresses the current and future challenges in PeLEDs across fundamental and applied research areas, by sharing the community’s perspectives. This work will provide the field with practical guidelines to advance PeLED development and facilitate more rapid commercialization.
Experimental and numerical study of increased core surface area on the performance of additively manufactured honeycomb sandwich structures
Authors: Fal Mokhtar , Meinders Robert , Okanmisope Fashanu , Chandrashekhara K , Alabdulmuhsin Abdulmohsen , Alotaibi Abdulrahman , Alqahtani Saif 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Sandwich composite structures have an efficient structural design that provides high bending stiffness and strength at low weight. However, these structures are plagued with weak core-to-facesheet bond strength. In this work, the effect of increasing the contact area between the composite facesheet and honeycomb core was studied. Sandwich panels were manufactured using two different honeycomb structures, a regular and a modified honeycomb, and their respective bond strengths were evaluated using the flatwise tension test (ASTM C297). The honeycombs were additively manufactured using selective laser melting process. The modified honeycomb was designed to have a larger surface area while retaining the same relative density as the regular honeycomb. The facesheets were made out of carbon-fiber, while the core was additively manufactured using 304L stainless steel powder. Impact specimens were manufactured and tested for impact resistance. A finite element model was created to study the integrity of the sandwich structures subjected to localized impact damage. The finite element model of the damage resistance due to impact showed a good agreement with the experimental results. Samples with increased contact area showed higher impact resistance. The average impact strength of the modified samples was 41.3% higher than the average impact strength of the regular samples. Flatwise tension results showed that by increasing the contact area between the core and the facesheet the core-to-facesheet bond strength increased.
Climate Change Litigation in the Era of the Paris Agreement
Authors: Lin Jolene , Peel Jacqueline 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This chapter explains how conventional definitions and understandings of climate litigation have tended to exclude Global South cases. A more inclusive, holistic view, focusing on peripheral as well as core climate cases, and implementation and enforcement cases alongside strategic litigation seeking legal and policy change, helps reveal the realities of, and pathways that climate change litigation is taking in, the Global South. This broader understanding of the phenomenon of climate litigation globally is also critical as the number of climate cases in Global South countries continues to grow at a fast rate. Including the Global South experience better illuminates progress of the quest for climate justice for vulnerable communities and groups and may help buttress understanding of whether the goals of the Paris Agreement are being achieved. As the chapter explores, climate litigation—including in the Global South—is emerging as a potential means for holding governments to account for their Paris Agreement commitments.