bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transmission of quantum information through quantum fields in curved spacetimes
Authors: Kasprzak Michael , Tjoa Erickson 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We construct a relativistic quantum communication channel between two localized qubit systems, mediated by a relativistic quantum field, that can achieve the theoretical maximum for the quantum capacity in arbitrary curved spacetimes using the Unruh–DeWitt detector formalism. Using techniques from algebraic quantum field theory, we express the quantum capacity of the quantum communication channel purely in terms of the correlation functions of the field and the causal propagator for the wave equation. Consequently, the resulting quantum channel, and hence the quantum capacity, are by construction manifestly covariant, respect the causal structure of spacetime, and are independent of the details of the background geometry, topology, and the choice of Hilbert space (quasifree) representations of the field.
Overview of the future perspective of Aerofoil-Based Passive Heat Transfer Enhancement
Authors: Jadhao Rohit Rajendra , Chitragar Parashuram Ramana , Kamble Dattatray 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With increasing demands for sustainability and energy efficiency in various industrial applications, inefficient heat transfer systems have received much attention. This abstract provides an ability that involves aerofoil-based passive heat transfer enhancement. Aerofoil-shaped structures inspired by aerodynamic principles have shown promise to enhance heat transfer without the need for external power sources. Understanding the capabilities and challenges of aerofoil-based passive approaches is important for the advancement of thermal management in a variety of applications including aerospace, industrial applications, renewable energy systems, electronics cooling and automotive systems. The study also considers various geometries, materials, and configurations to evaluate the impact on heat transfer performance. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms governing the enhanced heat transfer in aerofoil-like structures are explored.&#xD;The summary of the results includes key findings from studies investigating the use of aerofoil systems to enhance passive heat augmentation. It evaluates the effectiveness of different aerofoil geometries for heat enhancement performance by providing a comparative review analysis of parameters such as heat transfer coefficient, Nusselt number and thermal resistance in different passive enhancement techniques. The result also highlights the advantage of aerofoil-based passive techniques which demonstrate adaptability and versatility. This review concludes by providing a future perspective on the potential of aerofoil-based passive heat transfer enhancement.&#xD;Knowledge gathered from recent studies shows a promising approach for aerofoil-like structures to significantly improve thermal performance in various industries. The findings highlight the need for continued research and innovations to overcome existing challenges and to fully exploit the potential of passive aerofoil-based techniques. The insights presented in this overview are intended to guide researchers, engineers, and policymakers in applying aerofoil-based methods for large-scale thermal systems in the upcoming years.&#xD;
Potential use of bio- ethanol performance on variable compression ratio petrol engine
Authors: Kulkarni Srikar G , Navindgi M C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
India is among the world’s fastest growing economies. The demand for crude oil and petroleum products is high and increasing. Fossil fuels have traditionally served as the primary energy source for the transportation industry. Biofuels, on the other hand, have recently acquired popularity as realistic replacements with significant economic and environmental benefits. In terms of energy usage, India comes in third place worldwide. India’s fuel ethanol initiative is largely motivated by two objectives: lowering emissions and reducing dependency on fossil fuels. Petroleum provides the vast majority of the world’s energy. Growing energy use and overreliance on imports raise serious worries about energy security. Its Energy demands are mostly satisfied by oil, which it continues to buy in large amounts from other nations. India will have doubled its energy consumption by 2050. Increased energy use and reliance on imports pose a severe threat to energy security. Furthermore, it results in a massive outflow of foreign exchange. A 4.75 kW gasoline engine with a variable compression ratio that was in sync with IC Engine software 9.0 was used for the testing in order to assess the feasibility of employing bioethanol blends. The blends were created on a volume basis in the following proportions: 05:95, 10:90, 15:85, 20:80, 25:75, and 30:70. They were referred to as E5, E10, E15, E20, E25, and E30 in comparison to gasoline E0. The findings indicate that bioethanol may be mixed with petrol up to E20 without requiring engine modifications, However, large percentage of biethanol combinations will not perform properly. . The emission parameters of the E20 bioethanol mix have produced good results and met emission standards out of all the blends studied. Developing nations like India may have the raw materials required to enhance bioethanol production. A higher minimum support price for sugarcane harvest benefits farmers economically.
Devoted to Death
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
R. Andrew Chesnut offers a fascinating portrayal of Santa Muerte, a skeleton saint whose cult has become the fastest growing new religious movement on the planet over the past two decades. Although condemned by mainstream churches, this folk saint’s supernatural powers appeal to millions in Latin America, the U.S., and beyond. Devotees believe the Bony Lady (as she is affectionately called) to be the fastest and most effective miracle worker, and as such, her statuettes and paraphernalia now outsell those of the Virgin of Guadalupe and Saint Jude, two other giants of Mexican religiosity. In particular, Chesnut shows Santa Muerte has become the patron saint of drug traffickers, playing an important role as protector of peddlers of fentanyl and marijuana; DEA agents and Mexican police often find her altars in the safe houses of drug smugglers. Yet Saint Death plays other important roles: she is a supernatural healer, love doctor, moneymaker, lawyer, and angel of death. She has become without doubt one of the most popular and powerful saints on both the Latin American and American religious landscapes.
Brown Candle
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 1 delves into the multifaceted origins and development of the devotion to Santa Muerte, a figure entwined with both ancient Indigenous beliefs and European influences. It highlights the contrast between devotees’ focus on the saint’s miraculous powers and the academic interest in her historical and cultural roots. The narrative explores Santa Muerte’s identity, tracing her evolution from the Aztec goddess Mictecacihuatl to a symbol of Mexicanness and a folk saint blending Catholic and Indigenous traditions. The chapter weaves together myths, reality, and scholarly analysis to offer insights into the complexities of this New Religious Movement (NRM), showcasing Santa Muerte’s significance beyond her role as a mere deity of death, embodying a deeper connection to Mexican identity and spirituality.
White Candle
Authors: Chesnut R Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter encapsulates the essence and diversity of practices and beliefs surrounding Santa Muerte, a figure deeply rooted in Mexican spirituality and folk religion. This narrative delves into the personal journey of an academic, initially seeking a Virgin of Guadalupe candle, whose curiosity leads to the discovery of Santa Muerte paraphernalia in a local supermarket. This encounter marks the beginning of a profound exploration into the beliefs and practices associated with Santa Muerte, highlighting the figure’s multifaceted role in the lives of her devotees. The narrative reveals Santa Muerte’s transformation from a secretive figure of devotion into a prominent folk saint, reflecting the complex interplay among religion, culture, and identity. Through personal anecdotes, scholarly insights, and vivid descriptions of rituals and offerings, the text provides a comprehensive overview of the Santa Muerte cult, illustrating its significance in contemporary society and its deep connections to themes of protection, healing, and justice. Santa Muerte’s portrayal as a powerful and compassionate figure resonates with a wide array of followers, from those seeking divine intervention in daily struggles to individuals navigating the challenges of love, health, and justice. This chapter highlights the depth and diversity of Santa Muerte’s worship, emphasizing her role as a symbol of resilience, empowerment, and spiritual solace for many.
The Courtiers and the Court of Louis XIII, 1610–1643
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This book presents the first comprehensive study of Louis XIII’s court. The book charts the evolutions of the French court at a key-stage in its development, before the elaboration of Louis XIV’s Versailles model. Its chapters cover the court’s institutional development, politics at the court, ceremonial, entertainment, and the court’s itinerancy, but also topics less usually associated with the court, such as court finance, the merchants and artisans of the court, and how the court functioned when the king went to war. Throughout the book, the political, cultural, and material investment of courtiers (ranging from lowly coat-bearers to the most powerful princes) in the court as an institution is brought to the fore, proving just how central the court was to Louis XIII’s France. The delegitimizing and destabilizing role played by Cardinal Richelieu as minister-favourite is an important theme running through the book, providing new perspectives on the function of royal favourites within the early modern state. Through its study of Louis XIII’s court, this monograph demonstrates the agency people have in shaping the institutions in which they act and that are important to them. The monograph does this by emphasizing the role that courtiers, artisans, merchants, and financiers played in shaping the institutional, political, cultural, economic, and military framework of Louis’s court. In challenging the top-down paradigm prevalent in court studies, this monograph provides crucial correctives to the existing narrative that Louis XIII’s court was weak or unimportant and simultaneously revises how early modern courts and their development have been understood historiographically.
‘Confusion from the Kitchens to the Cabinet’: The Royal Household Indoors
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 1 provides an overview of the institutional development of the household departments of the Chamber, the Kitchens, and the Royal Chapel during the reign of Louis XIII. It complicates narratives that associate political instability with a growth in household size and emphasizes the ways in which department heads, like the grand master of France, and lower ranking household officers sought to alter the scope of their offices in order to safeguard or increase their access to the monarch, the financial benefits that could be gained from their offices, and the prestige tied to their offices. The chapter shows that household officers did not view their functions, privileges, or authority as fixed, and that it was their attempts to alter the terms of their service to their advantage that fuelled the fluctuations in the numbers of household officers within a department, the creation of new offices, and other institutional modifications. This activity, perceived by Cardinal Richelieu as disorder, was a sign of courtiers’ investment in household institutions and the court’s vitality as a whole.
‘This Crown is like a Vacant Abbey’: Favour, Faction, and Politics
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 3 examines how politics functioned at the court of Louis XIII, emphasizing Cardinal Richelieu’s complex relationship with the royal household, how Louis’s reliance on favourites affected factional politics and created problems of legitimacy, and the political importance of the satellite courts and households of Louis’s family members. It emphasizes the difficulties Richelieu had in managing the royal household due to the lack of household offices that were appropriate to both his status and political aims. This forced him to rely on proxies and a network of spies in order to manage the household. But it was an unreliable method of control, and he was forced at regular intervals to purge erstwhile allies, fuelling political instability at court. The energy Richelieu spent in managing the king’s household shows that he understood very well the continuing importance of court politics and that in practice power remained firmly rooted in the king’s person. At the same time, the chapter demonstrates how Richelieu’s discourse of reason of state forced those who did not agree with his policies into either armed rebellion or court conspiracy as dissenters were left without avenues for reconciliation. Far from shielding Louis XIII from unpopular political decisions, Louis’s reliance on Cardinal Richelieu as a minister-favourite was a destabilizing force because Richelieu and other favourites lacked the ability to confer legitimacy on their actions and the factions they belonged to. This left them particularly vulnerable to the political opposition of royal family members and their satellite courts.
‘Maintained in the Rank in Which he Belongs’: The Court, Courtiers, and the Development of Royal Ceremonial
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 4 analyses royal ceremonial during Louis XIII’s reign and emphasizes the role of courtiers both in ceremonial’s development and in shaping its meanings. The chapter begins with an overview of the officers involved in the ordering of royal ceremonies and reveals that the period was characterized not just by a growth in the number of ceremonial officers but also by an increasing interest in researching records and building archives of information relating to ceremonies. The chapter then proceeds to examine sacral kingship through an analysis of Louis’s coronation, funerary practices, the ceremony of the king’s touch, and ceremonies relating to foot washing (pedilavium). This examination highlights the multiple, confused meaning of ceremonies, and challenges ideas that kingship was programmatic or clearly thought out. It additionally demonstrates how wider noble trends and fashions could impact royal ceremonial practice. This chapter also finds that everyday ceremonial—such as the king’s lever, his coucher, and royal dining rituals—did not generate as many disputes as larger scale ceremonies, but that this was because these rituals were less visible rather than because the nobility was not invested in court ceremonial. On the contrary, shifting focus onto the nobility reveals the extent to which they tried to stamp their own meanings onto the ceremonies they participated in and simultaneously shines a light on a variety of daily court ceremonies, such as the swearing of oaths, courtiers’ baptism ceremonies, and conversion ceremonies, that were of pivotal importance for all the courtiers involved.
‘From Shoemaker I Could Become Councillor’: Merchant Courtiers’ Strategies and Ambitions
Authors: Jaffré Marc W S 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 7 examines the merchants and artisans employed by Louis XIII’s court and their role within court society. The chapter emphasizes how large and varied the groups of merchants working for the court were as well as the different methods of remuneration employed by the court. Merchants mitigated risks involved with contracting with the court and maximized profits by forming associations with each other and by subcontracting part of their work to Parisian merchants. Court merchants benefited tremendously from exemptions from tax and custom duties, exemptions from guild structures, and the right to have their cases tried by the Provostship of the Household. Their exemptions led them to clash frequently with tax farmers and urban guilds, and it was a considerable advantage to be able to turn to the Provostship for support as it also relied on court merchants to help reinforce its own contested jurisdictional claims. Court merchants and artisans additionally exploited their court connections to participate in court society, pursue noble marriages for their daughters, acquire household offices, and elevate themselves into the nobility. The chapter reveals that court merchants were fully fledged courtiers, for whom the opportunity to participate in court society was one of the primary motivations for contracting with the court.
Melatonin modulated GPX5 and PTGDS expression in Bactrian camel epididymis mainly via receptor MT1
Authors: Zhao Shuqin , Wu Shipeng , Ji Shuai , Han Yaxuan , Yang Zhen , Gao Yuan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Melatonin (Mel), an important mediator of photoperiodic annual rhythm regulation and seasonal reproduction in animals, directly modulates the expression of specific genes in the epididymis and protects sperm from oxidative damage. Bactrian camel is a dominant species in desert and semi-desert areas, exhibiting the unique reproductive regulation patterns. However, the underlying regulation mechanism of Mel on Bactrian camel is still unclear. This study isolated the epididymal caput epithelial cells of Bactrian camels and investigated the expression of specific genes involving sperm protection after Mel treatment and overexpression/knockdown of Mel receptor MT1/MT2 using real-time quantitative PCR assay (qPCR), ELISA, and western blotting assay. The results showed that MT1, MT2, clock genes cryptochrome 1/2 (Cry1/Cry2) were all positively expressed in the epididymal lumen epithelial cells, peritubular myoid cells, and luminal spermatozoa. Intriguingly, Mel treatment activated receptor MT1 in epididymal caput epithelial cells, indicating that Mel treatment regulated genes expression mainly via MT1-dependent manner. Mel treatment or overexpression of MT1 both increased secretion of glutathione peroxidase 5 (GPX5) and prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), and MT1 silencing induced downregulation of GPX5 and PTGDS expression, indicating that the expression of GPX5 and PTGDS were regulated by Mel-MT1. Overexpression of MT1 or MT2 promoted Cry2 expression, and overexpression of Cry2 also activated the MT1/MT2 expression by feedback regulation. Finally, the double luciferase reports assay showed that the activation of MT1 by Cry2 occurred during transcription. These results help to understand the regulatory effect of Mel on the epididymis in Bactrian camels.
Surgical tricuspid edge-to-edge repair: double-orifice repair versus clover repair
Authors: Lee Heemoon , Kim Jihoon , Jung Ji-Hyun , Yoo Jae Suk 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Surgical edge-to-edge repair has been proposed to treat tricuspid regurgitation with various etiologies. Two techniques can be used for this repair: the “double-orifice” and the “clover” repairs. This study compares the clinical outcomes of these two techniques.

METHODS
The study enrolled 258 patients who underwent tricuspid edge-to-edge repair out of 2,257 tricuspid valve repairs between January 2001 and December 2021. Patients were categorised into two groups (double-orifice and clover repairs) and analysed using propensity score matching.

RESULTS
The mean age of the 258 patients was 60.8 ± 12.4 years, with 190 females (73.6%) and a mean EuroScore II of 4.6 ± 5.5. Of these, 169 underwent double-orifice repair and 89 clover repair, adjusted to 118 and 66 after matching, respectively. Using the reverse Kaplan–Meier method to account for censored data, the median follow-up duration[Q1–Q3] was 169[76–229] months. Early mortality and morbidity did not differ significantly between the groups. Survival analysis did not show statistical differences in overall mortality and late severe tricuspid regurgitation recurrence between the groups. Similarly, freedoms from late significant tricuspid stenosis (trans-tricuspid pressure gradient ≥5 mmHg) and tricuspid reoperations (8[4.7%] in the double-orifice repair group and 2[2.2%] in the clover repair group) were not significantly different between the groups. The sensitivity analysis, which included the inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis, produced consistent results.

CONCLUSIONS
The surgical outcomes of tricuspid edge-to-edge repair were not statistically significantly different, regardless of the repair techniques. Both methods can be valuable options for tricuspid regurgitation repair.
Current status of aortic valve repair surgery
Authors: De Paulis Ruggero , Chirichilli Ilaria , de Kerchove Laurent , Della Corte Alessandro , El Khoury Gebrine , Michelena Hector I , Salica Andrea , Schäfers Hans-Joachim 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Severe aortic valve regurgitation, if not timely treated, can significantly impact patients’ survival both for tricuspid aortic valve and bicuspid aortic valve patients, with the latter being significantly younger. Increased understanding of the root anatomy and its physiology has opened the way to techniques of aortic valve repair surgery. The techniques mainly relate to re-establishing a correct root and annular geometry and eliminating leaflet prolapse. These techniques are applied both in the presence of a dilated and normal root and are equally valid for tricuspid or bicuspid valve. Techniques for repairing a bicuspid valve might vary depending on the different valve phenotypes. Medium and long-term results appear favourable and potentially superior to those of prosthetic replacement in terms of valve-related complications and quality of life. Optimal surgical treatment, especially in younger and selected patients, should aim to avoid aortic valve replacement and its related complications.
Case analysis and finite element analysis of adult head skull fractures in people run over by motor vehicles
Authors: Yang Xingan , Chen Xinzhe , Zhang Fu , Yang Tengfei , Kong Jiangwei , Liao Xinbiao , Li Dongri 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The cranial stress distribution and morphological characteristics of cranial fractures in adult heads run over by motor vehicle were investigated. Cases of adults’ heads being run over by motor vehicles were collected. The skull fracture degrees are categorized by no skull fracture, multiple skull fractures and skull fractures with brain tissue overflow. According to China’s road traffic management system, vehicles in traffic accidents are categorized heavy vehicles (weight ≥ 12 tons), medium vehicles (4.5 tons≤weight &lt; 12 tons), light vehicles (1.8 tons&lt;weight &lt; 4.5 tons), and light minicars (weight ≤ 1.8 tons). Finite element simulations were used to analyze the relationship between cranial fracture morphology and vehicle weight as well as cranial stress response. A total of 41 cases of heads run over by motor vehicle were collected. In seven cases of multiple skull fractures caused by medium vehicle running over, there were head skull fractures on both the ground side and the tire side, and the degree of head skull fracture was more serious on the ground side than on the tire side. Finite element simulations showed that the cranial stress in the head was more concentratedly distributed on the ground side than on the tire side. Light vehicles and light minicars run over a head usually do not fracture the skull. Head injuries caused by medium vehicle running over are mainly characterized by multiple skull fractures, and the degree of skull fracture is more serious on the ground side than on the tire side.