bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global conformations of proteins as predicted from the modeling of their CZE mobility data
Authors: Deiber Julio A. , Piaggio María V. , Peirotti Marta B. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractEstimations of protein global conformations in well‐specified physicochemical microenvironments are obtained through global structural parameters defined from polypeptide‐scale analyses. For this purpose protein electrophoretic mobility data must be interpreted through a physicochemical CZE model to obtain estimates of protein equivalent hydrodynamic radius, effective and total charge numbers, hydration, actual ionizing pK and pH‐near molecule. The electrical permittivity of protein domain is also required. In this framework, the solvent drag on proteins is obtained via the characteristic friction power coefficient associated with the number of amino acid residues defining the global chain conformation in solution. Also, the packing dimension related to the spatial distribution of amino acid residues within the protein domain is evaluated and discussed. These scaling coefficients together with the effective and total charge number fractions of proteins provide relevant interpretations of protein global conformations mainly from collapsed globule to hybrid chain regimes. Also, protein transport properties may be estimated within this framework. In this regard, the central role played by the friction power coefficient in the evaluation of these properties is highlighted.
Audiovisual synchrony enhances BOLD responses in a brain network including multisensory STS while also enhancing target‐detection performance for both modalities
Authors: Marchant Jennifer L. , Ruff Christian C. , Driver Jon 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe brain seeks to combine related inputs from different senses (e.g., hearing and vision), via multisensory integration. Temporal information can indicate whether stimuli in different senses are related or not. A recent human fMRI study (Noesselt et al. [2007]: J Neurosci 27:11431–11441) used auditory and visual trains of beeps and flashes with erratic timing, manipulating whether auditory and visual trains were synchronous or unrelated in temporal pattern. A region of superior temporal sulcus (STS) showed higher BOLD signal for the synchronous condition. But this could not be related to performance, and it remained unclear if the erratic, unpredictable nature of the stimulus trains was important. Here we compared synchronous audiovisual trains to asynchronous trains, while using a behavioral task requiring detection of higher‐intensity target events in either modality. We further varied whether the stimulus trains had predictable temporal pattern or not. Synchrony (versus lag) between auditory and visual trains enhanced behavioral sensitivity (d') to intensity targets in either modality, regardless of predictable versus unpredictable patterning. The analogous contrast in fMRI revealed BOLD increases in several brain areas, including the left STS region reported by Noesselt et al. [2007: J Neurosci 27:11431–11441]. The synchrony effect on BOLD here correlated with the subject‐by‐subject impact on performance. Predictability of temporal pattern did not affect target detection performance or STS activity, but did lead to an interaction with audiovisual synchrony for BOLD in inferior parietal cortex. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physiological noise reduction using volumetric functional magnetic resonance inverse imaging
Authors: Lin Fa‐Hsuan , Nummenmaa Aapo , Witzel Thomas , Polimeni Jonathan R. , Zeffiro Thomas A. , Wang Fu‐Nien , Belliveau John W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPhysiological noise arising from a variety of sources can significantly degrade the detection of task‐related activity in BOLD‐contrast fMRI experiments. If whole head spatial coverage is desired, effective suppression of oscillatory physiological noise from cardiac and respiratory fluctuations is quite difficult without external monitoring, since traditional EPI acquisition methods cannot sample the signal rapidly enough to satisfy the Nyquist sampling theorem, leading to temporal aliasing of noise. Using a combination of high speed magnetic resonance inverse imaging (InI) and digital filtering, we demonstrate that it is possible to suppress cardiac and respiratory noise without auxiliary monitoring, while achieving whole head spatial coverage and reasonable spatial resolution. Our systematic study of the effects of different moving average (MA) digital filters demonstrates that a MA filter with a 2 s window can effectively reduce the variance in the hemodynamic baseline signal, thereby achieving 57%–58% improvements in peak z‐statistic values compared to unfiltered InI or spatially smoothed EPI data (FWHM = 8.6 mm). In conclusion, the high temporal sampling rates achievable with InI permit significant reductions in physiological noise using standard temporal filtering techniques that result in significant improvements in hemodynamic response estimation. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tagging cortical networks in emotion: A topographical analysis
Authors: Keil Andreas , Costa Vincent , Smith J. Carson , Sabatinelli Dean , McGinnis E. Menton , Bradley Margaret M. , Lang Peter J. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractViewing emotional pictures is associated with heightened perception and attention, indexed by a relative increase in visual cortical activity. Visual cortical modulation by emotion is hypothesized to reflect re‐entrant connectivity originating in higher‐order cortical and/or limbic structures. The present study used dense‐array electroencephalography and individual brain anatomy to investigate functional coupling between the visual cortex and other cortical areas during affective picture viewing. Participants viewed pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant pictures that flickered at a rate of 10 Hz to evoke steady‐state visual evoked potentials (ssVEPs) in the EEG. The spectral power of ssVEPs was quantified using Fourier transform, and cortical sources were estimated using beamformer spatial filters based on individual structural magnetic resonance images. In addition to lower‐tier visual cortex, a network of occipito‐temporal and parietal (bilateral precuneus, inferior parietal lobules) structures showed enhanced ssVEP power when participants viewed emotional (either pleasant or unpleasant), compared to neutral pictures. Functional coupling during emotional processing was enhanced between the bilateral occipital poles and a network of temporal (left middle/inferior temporal gyrus), parietal (bilateral parietal lobules), and frontal (left middle/inferior frontal gyrus) structures. These results converge with findings from hemodynamic analyses of emotional picture viewing and suggest that viewing emotionally engaging stimuli is associated with the formation of functional links between visual cortex and the cortical regions underlying attention modulation and preparation for action. Hum Brain Mapp, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Plasma cotinine levels and pancreatic cancer in the EPIC cohort study
Authors: Leenders Max , Chuang Shu‐Chun , Dahm Christina C. , Overvad Kim , Ueland Per Magne , Midttun Øivind , Vollset Stein Emil , Tjønneland Anne , Halkjær Jytte , Jenab Mazda , Clavel‐Chapelon Françoise , Boutron‐Ruault Marie‐Christine , Kaaks Rudolf , Canzian Federico , Boeing Heiner , Weikert Cornelia , Trichopoulou Antonia , Bamia Christina , Naska Androniki , Palli Domenico , Pala Valeria , Mattiello Amalia , Tumino Rosario , Sacerdote Carlotta , van Duijnhoven Fränzel J.B. , Peeters Petra H.M. , van Gils Carla H. , Lund Eiliv , Rodriguez Laudina , Duell Eric J. , Pérez María‐José Sánchez , Molina‐Montes Esther , Castaño José María Huerta , Barricarte Aurelio , Larrañaga Nerea , Johansen Dorthe , Lindkvist Björn , Sund Malin , Ye Weimin , Khaw Kay‐Tee , Wareham Nicholas J. , Michaud Dominique S. , Riboli Elio , Xun Wei W. , Allen Naomi E. , Crowe Francesca L. , Bueno‐de‐Mesquita H. Bas , Vineis Paolo 
Published: September 2011

AbstractSmoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer, previously investigated by the means of questionnaires. Using cotinine as a biomarker for tobacco exposure allows more accurate quantitative analyses to be performed. This study on pancreatic cancer, nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC cohort), included 146 cases and 146 matched controls. Using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, plasma cotinine levels were analyzed on average 8.0 years before cancer onset (5–95% range: 2.8–12.0 years). The relation between plasma cotinine levels and pancreatic cancer was analyzed with conditional logistic regression for different levels of cotinine in a population of never and current smokers. This was also done for the self‐reported number of smoked cigarettes per day at baseline. Every increase of 350 nmol/L of plasma cotinine was found to significantly elevate risk of pancreatic cancer [odds ratio (OR): 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11–1.60]. People with a cotinine level over 1187.8 nmol/L, a level comparable to smoking 17 cigarettes per day, have an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer, compared to people with cotinine levels below 55 nmol/L (OR: 3.66, 95% CI: 1.44–9.26). The results for self‐reported smoking at baseline also show an increased risk of pancreatic cancer from cigarette smoking based on questionnaire information. People who smoke more than 30 cigarettes per day showed the highest risk compared to never smokers (OR: 4.15, 95% CI: 1.02–16.42). This study is the first to show that plasma cotinine levels are strongly related to pancreatic cancer.
In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of artemether, an antimalarial drug, in a gastric cancer cell line (PG100)
Authors: Alcântara Diego Di Felipe Ávila , Ribeiro Helem Ferreira , Cardoso Plínio Cerqueira dos Santos , Araújo Taíssa Maíra Thomaz , Burbano Rommel Rodriguez , Guimarães Adriana Costa , Khayat André Salim , de Oliveira Bahia Marcelo 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTArtemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone endoperoxide, obtained from Artemisia annua, and extensively used as an antimalarial drug. Many studies have reported the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of artemisinins; however, there are no studies that compare such effects between cancer cell lines and normal human cells after treatment with artemether, an artemisinin derivative. Gastric cancer is the fourth most frequent type of cancer and the second highest cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro genotoxic and cytotoxic effects induced by artemether in gastric cancer cell line (PG100) and compare them with the results obtained in human lymphocytes exposed to the same conditions. We used MTT (3‐(4,5‐methylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide) assay, comet assay and ethidium bromide/acridine orange viability staining to evaluate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of artemether in PG100. MTT assay showed a decrease in the survival percentages for both cell types treated with different concentrations of artemether (P < 0.05). PG100 also showed a significant dose‐dependent increase in DNA damage index at concentrations of 119.4 and 238.8 µg ml−1 (P < 0.05). Our results showed that artemether induced necrosis in PG100 at concentrations of 238.8 and 477.6 µg ml−1, for all the tested harvest times (P < 0.05). In lymphocytes, artemether induced both apoptosis and necrosis at concentrations of 238.8 and 477.6 µg ml−1, for all the tested harvest times (P < 0.05). In conclusion, human lymphocytes were more sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of the antimalarial drug than the gastric cancer cell line PG100. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Novel Method for Screening G‐quadruplex Stabilizers to Human Telomeres
Authors: Chu Jen‐Fei , Wang Zi‐Fu , Tseng Ting‐Yuan , Chang Ta‐Chau 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe present a simple method based on the Cu2+ induced unfolding of G‐quadruplex (G4) of human telomere sequence d[AG3(T2AG3)3] to screen a number of 3,6‐bis(1‐methyl‐4‐vinylpyridinium)carbazole diiodide (BMVC) analogues for better G4 stabilizers. Using circular dichroism (CD), the screening results suggest that the tri‐cations of 9‐substituted BMVC derivatives are better G4 stabilizers than the bi‐cations of BMVC. In addition, 3,6‐bis(1‐methyl‐4‐vinylpyrazinium)carbazole diiodide (BMVC4) is likely a better core molecule than BMVC for G4 stabilizers.
Study on the Film Properties and Recognition for Metal Ions of Calix[4]arenes Derivative by Langmuir Monolayer
Authors: Wu Xian‐Li , Luo Pei‐Li , Zhu Shi‐Jia , Zhang Shu‐Sheng , Ye Bao‐Xian 
Published: September 2011

AbstractCalixarene molecules are very powerful ligand for ions and small molecules, and have been studied with several techniques as models for host‐guest systems. In this approach, the formation of Langmuir monolayer properties of three kinds calix[4]arene derivative were characterized and one of them, p‐tert‐butylthiacalix[4]arene (TCA), was chosen as object to study its Langmuir monolayer affected by different subphase conditions. The purpose of this study is to investigate the molecular recognition ability of TCA for metal ions at the water‐air interface. Changing the composition of aqueous subphase (containing various metal ion solutions respectively) produced strong variations on the monolayer parameters, indicating a different selectivity of the TCA ligand for the different metal cations. In particular, high selectivity for transition metal ions was found. Limiting area values are discussed in relation to the orientation of the cone‐shaped molecules at the water‐air interface.
Treatment failure in behavior therapy: focus on behavioral activation for depression
Authors: Hopko Derek R. , Magidson Jessica F. , Lejuez C.W. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBehavioral activation (BA) has come to be recognized as an empirically supported treatment for depression. Despite the general success of the approach, many patients experience treatment failure. Based on behavioral models of depression, we present several reasons for treatment failure in BA, including patient inability to understand and adopt the treatment rationale, lack of awareness or ability to articulate and behave according to life values, behavioral noncompliance, and ineffectiveness of contingency management to increase exposure to environmental rewards and reduce contact with both aversive environmental events and reinforcement of depressed behavior. A case study of treatment failure with a depressed breast cancer patient is presented, along with recommendations to reduce failure rates in BA. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol: In Session 67:1–11, 2011.
Validation of a radioimmunoassay for measuring testosterone concentrations in plasma samples of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum: outstandingly elevated levels in the wild and the effect of captivity
Authors: Vera Federico , Zenuto Roxana Rita , Antenucci Carlos Daniel , Busso Juan Manuel , Marín Raúl Héctor 
Published: September 2011

AbstractWe validated the Coat‐a‐Count® radioimmunoassay (RIA) kit for measuring testosterone in plasma samples of the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum and evaluated testosterone levels in free‐living and captive individuals. The performance of the assay was evaluated by the assessment of parallelism, accuracy and precision. Moreover, the high specificity of the assay antibody was confirmed by high‐pressure liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector, followed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Results indicated that plasma samples have to be treated with heat and diluted before the RIA for the optimization of the assay. Plasma testosterone concentrations in free‐living animals were outstandingly elevated (up to 329 ng/mL), which are among the highest ever reported for mammals. On the other hand, captivity produced a 14‐fold decrease in plasma testosterone concentrations, emphasizing that very significant changes in the endocrine milieu may occur in wild animals kept under laboratory conditions. Our results place tuco‐tucos as an interesting model for the study of androgen regulation in mammals, suggesting that target tissues may have low sensitivity to the testosterone signal and agree with a scenario of elevated levels of sex hormone‐binding globulin in plasma. J. Exp. Zool. 315:572–583, 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Women leaders—challenges, successes, and other insights from the top
Authors: Salas‐Lopez Debbie , Deitrick Lynn M. , Mahady Erica T. , Gertner Eric J. , Sabino Judith N. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractThe reasons for the persistent lag of women as leaders are complex. Attrition is an issue for women for many reasons, including traditional gender roles that may affect how women are perceived and the choices they have available (or they make), a lack of role models, the undervaluing of women's traditional communication and leadership styles, and organizational culture. Within medicine (clinical environments) and academic medicine (medical school and clinical environments), it is clear that the lack of women in leadership positions is more than a pipeline or a labyrinth problem. We undertook this case study to better understand the current challenges experienced by women aspiring to leadership positions in medicine and academic medicine. What types of challenges do women face as they move up in an academic or medical environment? And which challenges impact more than others in attaining leadership roles in these organizations: race and ethnicity, differences in leadership style and skills, mentorship and network, life experiences and family responsibilities, organizational culture, or gender? Our study addresses a gap in the literature by examining the leadership experiences of eight successful women in the fields of medicine and academic medicine. The emerging insights from these leaders may be useful for women from diverse backgrounds aspiring to be senior leaders in the future.
Leadership: A journey of sustained performance
Authors: Paonessa Carla 
Published: September 2011

AbstractForty years ago, the questions most discussed among those who cared about leadership were “is leadership possible among those who don't have titles and positions?”; “what are the characteristics possessed by effective leaders?”; and “how do we find the people who are the best leaders and help them prepare for positions that will allow them to have an impact?” After many conversations, conferences, research studies, and books, the terrain has shifted among scholars. Now the conversations focus on questions such as “If leadership is a shared responsibility among members of groups, how can the full leadership potential of all be cultivated?”; “What role do collaborators play in empowering positive leadership and defending against those who misuse it?”; and “How can organizations cultivate cultures that support and encourage visionary leadership dedicated to benefitting all?”The shift in the questions that leadership educators now explore, coupled with the breadth and variety of the initiatives dedicated to nurturing it, demonstrate that leadership can be taught. More importantly, the practice of leadership demonstrates that many can pursue leadership and that they must if the opportunities of the 21st century are to be fulfilled. The conversations and the needs for leadership have both shifted and it is now incumbent on those who value leadership most to agree to unifying perspectives that can draw us together in common purpose. From your vantage point, what are the crucial conversations, next steps, and/or thoughts for consideration as we enter the second decade of the 21st century?
Entrepreneurship education as a new model for leadership education
Authors: Ives Anthony 
Published: September 2011

AbstractForty years ago, the questions most discussed among those who cared about leadership were “is leadership possible among those who don't have titles and positions?”; “what are the characteristics possessed by effective leaders?”; and “how do we find the people who are the best leaders and help them prepare for positions that will allow them to have an impact?” After many conversations, conferences, research studies, and books, the terrain has shifted among scholars. Now the conversations focus on questions such as “If leadership is a shared responsibility among members of groups, how can the full leadership potential of all be cultivated?”; “What role do collaborators play in empowering positive leadership and defending against those who misuse it?”; and “How can organizations cultivate cultures that support and encourage visionary leadership dedicated to benefitting all?”The shift in the questions that leadership educators now explore, coupled with the breadth and variety of the initiatives dedicated to nurturing it, demonstrate that leadership can be taught. More importantly, the practice of leadership demonstrates that many can pursue leadership and that they must if the opportunities of the 21st century are to be fulfilled. The conversations and the needs for leadership have both shifted and it is now incumbent on those who value leadership most to agree to unifying perspectives that can draw us together in common purpose. From your vantage point, what are the crucial conversations, next steps, and/or thoughts for consideration as we enter the second decade of the 21st century?
Quantitative T2 mapping of femoral head cartilage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with noncollapsed osteonecrosis of the femoral head associated with corticosteroid therapy
Authors: Yamamoto Shinji , Watanabe Atsuya , Nakamura Junichi , Ohtori Seiji , Harada Yoshitada , Kishida Shunji , Wada Yuichi , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: September 2011

AbstractPurpose:To evaluate articular cartilage degeneration with transverse relaxation time (T2) mapping in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients with noncollapsed and asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head associated with corticosteroids.Materials and Methods:T2 mapping with a 1.5‐T magnetic resonance imaging system was prospectively performed for 28 normal hips from 14 healthy volunteers (control group) and 15 hips from 10 SLE patients that met the inclusion criteria of noncollapsed and asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (osteonecrosis group). Exclusion criteria were past experience of pain, trauma, infection, or prior hip joint surgery. Distribution of T2 values of the femoral head cartilage were compared between the control group and the osteonecrosis group with respect to acetabular dysplasia by center‐edge angle (CEA).Results:T2 values of the femoral head cartilage were significantly higher in the osteonecrosis group than in the control group (34.4 msec vs. 30.8 msec, P = 0.001). Multiple regression analysis revealed that the osteonecrosis group and decreased CEA was significantly associated with high T2 values (T2 value = 34.6 + 3.6 × [osteonecrosis] − 0.14 × CEA, R2 = 0.52, P = 0.003).Conclusion:Degeneration of articular cartilage was associated with osteonecrosis of the femoral head in SLE patients and acetabular dysplasia. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.