bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
195: SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS ON THE STUDY OF BRONCHOSCOPY TRAINING BASED ON VISUAL REALITY SIMULATION
Authors: Sokouti Massoud , Rezaei Peyman , Ghojazadeh Morteza , Sokouti Mohsen , Sadeghi Ramin , Pashazadeh Saeid , Eslami Saeid 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Bronchoscopy training based on virtual reality simulators are being used increasingly but effectiveness remains uncertain. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review of published works on virtual reality bronchoscopy training.Methods:We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for eligible articles from first of January 2000 to 15 May 2016. We included all original articles involving virtual reality Bronchoscopy training performed by flexible and rigid Bronchoscopy. Study selection and data abstraction were performed separately. Novices and experts were trained and comparisons of trained novices with novices (Group A), trained experts with experts (Group B), and trained novices with experts (Group C) were performed. Pooled results were analyzed by random effect meta-analysis.Results:From an initial pool of 2831 articles (179 Scopus, 32 PubMed, and 2620 Google Scholar) we identified eight studies relating virtual reality Bronchoscopy training based on simulation. The results of forest plots of meta-analysis in group A is Hedge's g=1.038, SE=0.271, Z-value=3.825, P-value=0.000, and in group B is Hedge's g=0.820, SE=0.283, Z-value=2.928, P-value=0.003 and group C is Hedge's g=–0.652, SE=0.219, Z-value=–2.975, P-value=0.003. P-values of all Groups are significant and virtual reality training is effective in these groups. Heterogeneity and Egger's regression tests were also performed in all groups.Conclusion:Virtual reality Bronchoscopy training based on simulation would help to improve technical skills if theoretical knowledge acquisition designed as a learning instrument. This meta-analysis assessment seems to be valid and reliable.
204: THE ROLE OF IMCI PROGRAM IN THE RATIONALIZATION OF MEDICAMENT USE IN PEDIATRICS
Authors: Ahmad Chreitah 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) is an EBM guideline prepared by WHO and UNICEF guideline in primary health care for better assessment and management in pediatrics. The study was carried out to demonstrate the reduction of medicament prescription by the application of IMCI program in two months up to five years old children presenting with an infectious disease.Methods:Before and after study was carried out in July 2012 at a pediatric E.R children who met with the inclusion criteria were rolled in:▸ Consulting for infectious disease.▸ With no anterior treatment with antibiotics.▸ No need of hospitalization.In total 112 patients were assessed separately by two groups of doctors (classical approach vs. IMCI guideline).The two prescriptions of each patient were analyzed using Mac Nemar, comparison of proportion tests.Results:112 patients (64 boys, 48 girls) with cough, diarrhea, sore throat, otalgia and fever were studied. In total 280 medicaments were prescribed firstly vs. 160 medicaments with IMCI guideline (P<0.0001). There were 103 oral antibiotics prescribed vs. 28 with IMCI guideline (P<0.0001). There were 20 intra muscular injections prescribed (15 antibiotics) vs. 9 with IMCI guideline (P<0.02). Only 37 antibiotics were justified vs. 82 non-justified (p<0.0001).Conclusion:the assessment and management by IMCI program for children age 2 months up to 5 years in outpatient clinic may contribute for a better prescription with a significant reduction in total medicament prescribed, in oral antibiotics and intra muscular injections.
27: BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN EVIDENCE BASED KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE: A CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR KNOWLEDGE TRANSLATION
Authors: Mardani Davoud , Molavi Mehdi 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Much of early medical and nursing practice was based on nonscientific traditions that resulted in variable and haphazard patient outcomes. These traditions and rituals, which were based on folklore, gut instinct, trial and error, and personal preference, were often passed down from one generation of practitioner to another. It has become essential for practitioners to use the best data available to make patient care decisions and carry out the scientific and evidence-based interventions. The aim of this study is suggestion of a framework for easily translation of evidence-based knowledge into clinical practice.Methods:This discussion paper explains the process that evidence-based knowledge is created from crude scientific knowledge, disseminated among stakeholders, implemented into clinical practice and ultimately evaluated. In May 2014, the primary author searched electronic and scientific databases without limiting searches by publication date, to find applicable literature.Results:This framework presented how evidence-based knowledge can be created and distributed among stakeholders to implement into practice. Additionally, this framework explains interactions between stakeholders, context, and evidence-based knowledge from acquirement to adherence. Knowledge can easily translate into clinical practice by step-by-step following of 4 phases consisted of knowledge creation, knowledge dissemination, knowledge implementation, evaluation and feedback.Conclusion:Today, evidence based knowledge translation has become an imperative component for healthcare disciplines and identified as one of most important priorities of present millennium. Evidence-based knowledge translation is a simple and feasible way to bridging the gap between evidence-based knowledge and clinical practice that can be carry out trough utilization of current conceptual framework.
3: A REVIEW OF NGAL BIOMARKER OR NEUTROPHIL GELATINASE ASSOCIATED LIPOCALIN
Authors: Bahramzadeh Behzad 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin or NGAL is biomarker protein by weight of 25 kDa that a bacteriostatic agent in the physiological state of the body against Gram-negative bacteria by binding tightly to protect siderophore. The identification of these biomarkers as one of the key regulators of the immune system can be used as a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of infection.Methods:The most recent findings of recent years and the relevant articles in prestigious scientific sites and the results were obtained.Results:NGAL,an early sign of acute kidney injury in newborns, especially before changes in creatinine and urea testing occurs. Increased NGAL levels in 2–6 hours of the onset of kidney damage have been observed. NGAL with a mechanism of non-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor of Focal Adhesion Kinase serves as a key metastatic cancer cells. As well as when E-Cadherin externally expressed could be NGAL of expression is increased. E-cadherin cell adhesion molecule that causes the calcium-dependent. Protein expression and stimulates epithelial cells, the cells adhere to each other and prevent metastasis.Conclusions:NGAL as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in mature granulocytes in the bone marrow for a short period, but it stimulates the synthesis of the inflammatory process and malignant epithelial cells occurs. This marker against neutrophil oxidative acts as an inhibitor. Studies show that NGAL in wound healing by increasing the synthesis of cartilage by chondrocytes involved.
32: CLINICAL GUIDELINE OF NURSING CARE FOR NEONATAL AIRWAYS
Authors: Abdolalipur Marzieh , Janani Raheleh , Mahalleii Majid , Hoseini Mohammad Bagher , Mohammadzadeh Masoumeh 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Respiratory diseases are the most common cause of hospitalization and mortality of neonates in NICUs. Necessity of advanced and standard care of airways, especially when patient is under mechanical ventilation or respiratory support is obvious of every one. The usual intervention in NICUs is tracheal intubation, which lack of perfect care, can cause many side effects. Although putting Nasal-CPAP and the following nursing care requires full skill, in order to prevent occurrence of any side effects. One of the basic ways in reducing mortality rate in NICU is improvement of nursing care based on studies of Evidence Based Practice.Methods:This study has been extracted from scientific database such as Pub med, Science Direct, Trip Database and Cochrane Database which was confirmed with cooperation by physicians and experienced nurses of NICUs. Clinical guideline of neonatal airways as a practical guideline of care giving for specific respiratory care as below:1. Nursing care of Intubated neonates during Intubation and fixation of tracheal tube.2. Protocol of neonatal Indotracheal suctioning.3. Protocol of contrivance of Nasal-CPAP in neonates and required nursing care.Conclusion:By considering the spread and different level of health centers in the country and lack of standard clinical guide line, in many circumstances, respiratory care is with some deficiencies and sometimes with complications for neonates. Promoting of such clinical guide lines in NICUs will benefit a scientific pattern in order to a standard and safe nursing care. This guide line includes 3 sections: 1. Protocol of tracheal tube fixation: tracheal tube must be fixed by leucoplast strip and tracheal tube should be indirect position for perfect ventilation. 2. Protocol of Indotracheal suctioning: Indotracheal suctioning, if necessary must be done by assessment of neonates requirement. Suctioning indications: decrease of oxygen saturation, bradycardia, takycardia, decrease of chest movements, visible secretions in tracheal tube, agitation, decrease of respiratory sounds, increase of airway pressure and…. In order to prevent any possible damages, the length of suction catheter shouldn't exceed 1CM of tracheal tube. There are two methods of suctioning.1) Open method 2) Closed method. 3. Protocol of NCPAP care: Mask and nasal prong must be controlled regularly to prevent damage and necrosis. Nasal prong should be fixed 1-2MM from nasal septum and suitable size of hat and nasal mask and prong is required. Use of deoderm adhesive for protection of skin and nasal septum is recommended. Calming of neonate is necessary in prevention of CPAP pressure variation.
52: EFFECTIVENESS OF MASSAGE THERAPY IN IMPROVING SYMPTOM IN CHILDREN WITH ALLERGIC ASTHMA: A RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Goli Hamideh , Shabestari Mahnaz Sadeghi 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Patients with asthma suffer from dyspnea, cough, wheeze in their daily life and this may be by stress and anxiety. Massage may promote relaxation and relieve symptom. Thus, it is appropriate to explore the effectiveness of massage on symptom in patients with asthma.Methods:This study was a randomized-controlled trial that was performed in the Immunology and Allergy Clinics of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran. 60 children with allergic asthma of 6–12 year–old were invited to participate in this study; only 58 of them agreed. They were divided into two groups at random. Subjects in the massage therapy group received a 30 minute massage therapy by their parents at home before bedtime every night for 4 weeks in addition to the standard asthma treatment. The control group received the standard asthma treatment alone for 4 weeks. Both groups were given a diary notes to monitor symptoms.Results:The results of this study showed that symptom Scores in massage group were improved significantly compared with control group, and the rate of dyspnea, cough and wheeze in the experimental group than the control group were reduced by approximately 45%, 56% and 52%.Conclusion:The findings suggest that massage might reduce anxiety in patient with asthma and may have a beneficial effect on symptoms of asthma, such as dyspnea, cough, and wheeze. Therefore can be used as a nursing education for parents to improve dyspnea in children with asthma.
6: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS IN COCHRANE ARRHYTHMIAS SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
Authors: Parnianfard Neda , Eskandariyan Ilghar , Parvan Reza , Azizi Hanieh 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:An arrhythmia is an abnormality in the heart's rhythm, or heartbeat pattern. The heartbeat could be too slow, too fast, have extra beats, skipa beat, or otherwise beat irregularly. Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with low risk, considered the highest level of evidence available for evaluating an intervention. The aim of this study was to systematically review the quality of RCTs included in Cochrane reviews regarding arrhythmias.Methods:We reviewed all RCTs from systematic reviews published between1999-2015 by the Cochrane databases of systematic reviews. The titles were screened and those related to arrhythmias were chosen. The risk of bias of randomized controlled trials included in each review was studied. Also, it was assessed whether or not the studies had come to a particular conclusion.Results:We found 800 reviews in group of Heart and Circulation Cochrane, of the total 21 RCTs were included. There was a study that did not report any high risk of bias. The studies did not report high or unclear risk of reporting biases and any publication biases. The maximum number of biases reported for high risk of performance bias was 87, while the total maximum number of biases reported for detection bias was 109.Conclusion:The risk of providing a treatment based on a biased effect estimate must be balanced against the difficulty of conducting trials with very low risk of bias. Bias in RCTs may overestimate or underestimate the true effectiveness of an intervention. Better understanding of the risk of bias may result in improved trials with a closer estimate of the true effectiveness of an intervention. Based on these results we recommend more high quality evidence based RCTs in the field of arrhythmias.
60: EVIDENCE-BASED NURSING IN THE WOUND BED
Authors: Esmaeilnezhad Mahdieh , Rasooli Alehe Seyyed , Sedghivash Saba , Vatani Parisa 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:Pressure sores are areas of tissue in the elderly or patients who can no independently change their situation happening pressure sores significant financial burden on health care systems impose a negative impact on quality of life and their frequency. Change the status of patients in hospitals or long-term care for the prevention of pressure ulcers is a common strategy.Methods:We searched the data base in COCHRANE, MEDLIBE, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, PUBMED, and UP TO DATE with keywords evidence base and nursing bed sore following evidence obtained:Results:The study Qinhongzhanget al.(2015) called massage therapy to prevent bed sores showed that currently there is no credible study that shows that massage therapy can help to prevent bed sores. Study Brigidgillespieet al.(2014) “The movement to preven pressure sores showed that the movement of the patient from position 30 degrees every 3 hours instead of the standard 90 degrees every 6 hours to waste energy and time nurses a significant impact on the evolution of the treatment of patients. Chichfengchen studyet al.(2014) as phototherapy for the treatment of pressure ulcers showed that the group treated with ultraviolet radiation completing the treatment period shorter than the control group (p=0.003).Conclusion:According to findings from the EBN seen, non-drug, non-invasive nursing interventions can have a preventive effect on pressure sores.
76: IDENTIFICATION OF RETENTION STRATEGIES FOR NEUROSURGEONS IN IRAN: RESULTS FROM EXPERT PANELS
Authors: Ezzatabadi Mohammad Ranjbar , Zadeh Sina Abdollah , Rafiei Sima 
Published: May 2024

Background and aims:The key challenge is how to encourage and retain health professionals in their work location. There is a list of policy options for the purpose but applying an appropriate and effective set of strategies requires a country level research. Our study aimed to identify retention strategies for neurosurgeons and examine both the importance and feasibility of the identified strategies using expert panels' point of view.Methods:First of all, a literature review was conducted to identify retention strategies for physicians. Then to gain consensus on the strategies and determine their importance and feasibility an expert panel was organized and a modified-delphi process was used.Results:A total of 40 strategies were identified by the panel classified in seven categories of income and economic factors, professional/job factors, clinical infrastructure, personal/family factors, living condition and welfare, educational factors and career development, governmental regulations and management policies.Conclusion:Based on the study results, three areas of economic incentives, personal and professional factors got the greatest priority in health professional planning for retention purposes.
81: INVESTIGATE THE ROLE OF LIBRARIANS AND MEDICAL INFORMATICS SCIENCES AMONG GRADUATES BETWEEN 1380-1393 YEARS IN VARIOUS RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL CENTERS OF TABRIZ UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
Authors: yengejeh Shirin , Gavgani Vahideh Zarea , mostajer Fatemeh , Salehnia Fatemeh 
Published: May 2024

Over the years, the library activity has been focused on libraries programs. But today, according to the scientific development of information technology in various fields including medicine Librarians and Medical Informatics sciences skills in new areas serving the medical community and patients has changed. In addition to changing activities, medical librarians working in the libraries of traditional state-centered research activities, new jobs have been created for graduates. In this study, a qualitative interview from librarians graduated between the years 80 to 93 and working in different parts of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences was created. According to the qualitative interviews, medical librarians have a strong presence in these activities:As well as doctors and care team members in different centers, such as research centers, training and knowledge management university, helping in the search for papers for scientific and academic staffs and provide access to the best evidence for them, Evidence-Based Medicine center(EBM), Research Development & Coordination Center (RDCC), Activity in publication center and convert documents into a suitable format and accepted as HTML or PDF or XML for inclusion in the Institutional Repository of the University Process data recording, content management, workshops for faculty and students, University survey activities in science centers, medical education and e-learning as well as other ancillary activities. Therefore, with respect to this research, due to the active participation of the medical librarian in research and teaching. In addition to the presentation of their competences librarians and medical informatics university, to show their presence and active. It is also supporting the Ministry of Health and medical universities, medical librarians and creating new posts of employment, their potential for research use,
Suitability of current definitions of ambulatory care sensitive conditions for research in emergency department patients: a secondary health data analysis
Authors: Frick Johann , Möckel Martin , Muller Reinhold , Searle Julia , Somasundaram Rajan , Slagman Anna 
Published: May 2024

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of existing definitions of ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) in the setting of an emergency department (ED) by assessing ACSC prevalence in patients admitted to hospital after their ED stay. The secondary aim was to identify ACSC suitable for specific application in the ED setting.DesignObservational clinical study with secondary health data.SettingTwo EDs of the Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin.ParticipantsAll medical ED patients of the ‘The Charité Emergency Medicine Study’ (CHARITEM) study, who were admitted as inpatients during the 1-year study period (n=13 536).Outcome measuresPrevalence of ACSC.ResultsPrevalence of ACSC in the study population differed significantly depending on the respective ACSC set used. Prevalence ranged between 19.1% (95% CI 18.4% to 19.8%; n=2586) using the definition by Albrechtet aland 36.6% (95% CI 35.8% to 37.5%; n=4960) using the definition of Naumannet al. (p<0.001). Overall ACSC prevalence (ie, when using all diagnoses used in any of the assessed ACSC-definitions) was 48.1% (95% CI 47.2% to 48.9%; n=6505). Some frequently observed diagnoses such as ‘convulsion and epilepsy’ (prevalence: 3.4%, 95% CI 3.1% to 3.7%; n=455), ‘diseases of the urinary system’ (prevalence: 1.4%; 95% CI 1.2% to 1.6%; n=191) or ‘atrial fibrillation and flutter’ (prevalence: 1.0%, 95% CI 0.8% to 1.2%, n=134) are not included in all of the current ACSC definitions.ConclusionsThe results highlight the need for an optimised, ED-specific ACSC definition. Particular ACSC diagnoses (such as ‘convulsion and epilepsy’ or ‘diseases of the urinary system’ and others) seem to be of special relevance in an ED population but are not included in all available ACSC definitions. Further research towards the development of a suitable and specific ACSC definition for research in the ED setting seems warranted.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register Deutsches Register für Klinische Studien: DRKS-ID: DRKS00000261.
Assessing the consequences of gestational diabetes mellitus on offspring’s cardiovascular health: MySweetHeart Cohort study protocol, Switzerland
Authors: Di Bernardo Stefano , Mivelaz Yvan , Epure Adina Mihaela , Vial Yvan , Simeoni Umberto , Bovet Pascal , Estoppey Younes Sandrine , Chiolero Arnaud , Sekarski Nicole 
Published: May 2024

IntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a state of glucose intolerance with onset during pregnancy. GDM carries prenatal and perinatal risks as well as long-term risks for the mother and her child. GDM may be involved in the foetal programming of long-term cardiovascular health. However, evidence is sparse and the effect of GDM on cardiovascular health is unknown. To address these issues, we will conduct MySweetHeart Cohort study. The objectives are to assess the effect of GDM on offspring’s cardiovascular health early in life by using surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis.Methods and analysisThis is a cohort study of 100 offspring of women with GDM and 100 offspring of women without GDM. At inclusion, a baseline assessment of the mothers will be conducted through means of self-report questionnaires, a researcher-administrated interview, blood pressure and anthropometric measurements, and a maternal blood sampling. Between the 30th and 34th weeks of gestation, a foetal echography will be performed to assess the foetal cardiac structure and function, the fetomaternal circulation and the hepatic volume. At birth, maternal and neonatal characteristics will be assessed. An echocardiography will be performed to assess cardiac structure and function 2–7 days after birth; carotid intima-media thickness will be also measured to assess vascular structure. MySweetHeart Cohort is linked to MySweetHeart Trial (clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02890693), a randomised controlled trial assessing the effect of a multidimensional interdisciplinary lifestyle and psychosocial intervention to improve the cardiometabolic and mental health of women with GDM and their offspring. A long-term follow-up of children is planned.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been obtained through the state Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton de Vaud (study number 2016–00745). We aim to disseminate the findings through regional, national and international conferences and through peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02872974).