bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of short-term moderate intensity exercise on the serum metabolome in older adults: a pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Wong Jie Jun , Ho Jien Sze , Teo Louis L. Y. , Wee Hai Ning , Chua Kee Voon , Ching Jianhong , Gao Fei , Tan Swee Yaw , Tan Ru-San , Kovalik Jean-Paul , Koh Angela S. 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Background
We previously reported changes in the serum metabolome associated with impaired myocardial relaxation in an asymptomatic older community cohort. In this prospective parallel-group randomized control pilot trial, we subjected community adults without cardiovascular disease to exercise intervention and evaluated the effects on serum metabolomics.

Methods
Between February 2019 to November 2019, thirty (83% females) middle-aged adults (53 ± 4 years) were randomized with sex stratification to either twelve weeks of moderate-intensity exercise training (Intervention) (n = 15) or Control (n = 15). The Intervention group underwent once-weekly aerobic and strength training sessions for 60 min each in a dedicated cardiac exercise laboratory for twelve weeks (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03617653). Serial measurements were taken pre- and post-intervention, including serum sampling for metabolomic analyses.

Results
Twenty-nine adults completed the study (Intervention n = 14; Control n = 15). Long-chain acylcarnitine C20:2-OH/C18:2-DC was reduced in the Intervention group by a magnitude of 0.714 but increased in the Control group by a magnitude of 1.742 (mean difference −1.028 age-adjusted p = 0.004). Among Controls, alanine correlated with left ventricular mass index (r = 0.529, age-adjusted p = 0.018) while aspartate correlated with Lateral e’ (r = −764, age-adjusted p = 0.016). C20:3 correlated with E/e’ ratio fold-change in the Intervention group (r = −0.653, age-adjusted p = 0.004). Among Controls, C20:2/C18:2 (r = 0.795, age-adjusted p = 0.005) and C20:2-OH/C18:2-DC fold-change (r = 0.742, age-adjusted p = 0.030) correlated with change in E/A ratio.

Conclusions
Corresponding relationships between serum metabolites and cardiac function in response to exercise intervention provided pilot observations. Future investigations into cellular fuel oxidation or central carbon metabolism pathways that jointly impact the heart and related metabolic systems may be critical in preventive trials.
Rationally designed protein A surface molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticles for the capture and detection of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Narula Kritika , Rajpal Soumya , Bhakta Snehasis , Kulanthaivel Senthilguru , Mishra Prashant 
Published: May 2024

Staphyloccus aureus (S. aureus) capture and detection using protein A surface imprinted magnetic nanoparticles.
Feminization of poverty: an analysis of multidimensional poverty among rural women in China
Authors: Li Na , He Mang 
Published: May 2024

AbstractFew studies from an individual perspective have analyzed the multidimensional poverty of rural women in China. Therefore, based on the CFPS data from 2010 to 2020 and the Alkire-Foster approach, this study built a six-dimensional system to portray the status of multidimensional poverty among rural women. The overall comparisons found that rural women were more likely to be multidimensional poor than other subgroups. And the results of rural women showed significant demographic and spatio-temporal differences. That is, older rural women were more deprived than younger rural women. Rural women with spouses or confidence were less deprived than those without spouses or confidence, respectively. From the spatial perspective, the censored headcount ratios of rural women in descending order were Western Region, Central Region and Eastern Region. From the temporal perspective, the risk of rural women’s multidimensional poverty decreased significantly from 2010 to 2020. The importance of non-material indicators was gradually becoming prominent, including education, health and subjective wellbeing. The conclusions can contribute to the development of policies, even if some limitations need to be further improved.
A quinoline derivative-based supramolecular gel for fluorescence ‘turn-off’ detection of Fe3+ and Cu2+
Authors: Fu Shuaishuai , Wu Shang , Liu Jutao , Wang Jiajia , Tian Shuo , Zhang Guangwu , Yin Fenping , Sun Yuzhi , Zhang Ping , Yang Quanlu 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
In this research, we synthesized and constructed a novel gelator (named QN) combining quinoline and naphthalene that self-assembled in N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) to form a stable supramolecular gel (named OQN). Under UV light, gel OQN exhibited extremely bright yellow fluorescence. The gel OQN showed excellent sensing performance for both Fe3+ and Cu2+, with a fluorescence ‘turn-off’ detection mechanism and the lowest detection limit of 7.58 × 10−8 M and 1.51 × 10−8 M, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra, x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), rheological measurements, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to characterize the gel OQN. The OQN ion-responsive membrane created is an excellent fluorescent writing material.
Reflecting on Reflection in Clinical Social Work: Unsettling a Key Social Work Strategy
Authors: Occhiuto Katherine , Tarshis Sarah , Todd Sarah , Gheorghe Ruxandra 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This study calls into question some of assumptions within social work education and practice regarding the transformational potential of reflection-on-practice. Participants (n = 34) in this simulation-based study each engaged in two clinically focused simulations, each followed by an interview which included observing segments of their video-recorded simulations. The objectives of this study are to make some sense of the misalignments between participants’ post-simulation reflections of their practice behaviours, and the practice behaviours observed by the research team, and later by participants themselves. Findings illustrate that: (i) how clients and the session are understood in the moment can be different than how they are understood post-client engagement; (ii) reflections of practice behaviours can be tied to how individuals want to be, which are not necessarily aligned with how they are in the moment; and (iii) reflections are intertwined with awareness of oneself. These results identify some of the limitations of individualised reflective activities, and demonstrate the powerful potential of collective reflection on recordings of simulations to challenge memory distortions, retrospective biases and to promote greater accountability to ourselves as social workers, and to those we work with.
Long-term fieldwork in Brazil helps to unravel the diversity and evolution of the Neotropical Olyreae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae): an unexpected new and threatened genus in Parianinae
Authors: Oliveira Reyjane P , Ferreira Fabrício M , Oliveira Iasmin L C , Dórea Marcos C , Lima Jamile F , Clark Lynn G , Welker Cassiano A D 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Fieldwork has historically increased knowledge about plant biodiversity in Brazil, including the herbaceous bamboos (grass tribe Olyreae), which is almost exclusive to the Neotropical region. Several new species and three new genera from both Atlantic and Amazonian forests were described from this tribe in the past 15 years. Our recent collections in the central region of Espírito Santo state revealed two distinct populations of a sterile but probably undescribed species similar to members of Eremitis in the subtribe Parianinae (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae). Only after recollection did we find plants with synflorescences, which turned out to be very similar to members of Parianella. We investigated the macro- and micromorphology of those specimens and estimated the phylogenetic placement of type collection based on two plastid markers, which recovered it as an independent lineage sister to the Pariana + Eremitis clade. We herein describe this entity as the new genus Aemulanthus and the new species Aemulanthus decumbens, distinguishable mainly by the presence of spiciform synflorescences on decumbent culms composed of monomorphic gynaecandrous whorls, with long laminar pedicels in the male spikelets, also using information given by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the leaf blades. Aemulanthus is endemic to central Espírito Santo state, Brazil, and is considered Critically Endangered (CR) following IUCN guidelines. The description of this new genus increases our understanding of the diversity and evolution within this group. It also reinforces the need to preserve local floras, which can be important resources for knowledge about and conservation of Neotropical forests.
Stem anatomy: development of included and intraxylary phloem in Barleria species (Acanthaceae) occurring in India
Authors: Patil Suraj S , Ramoliya Dhara G , Gondaliya Amit D , Raole Vinay M , Rajput Kishore S , Lekhak Manoj M 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Barleria is known for its different growth forms such as herbs, shrubs, climbers, and rarely trees that show a wide range of variation in wood structure. We investigated the Indian species of Barleria and observed that all are characterized by the presence of included and intraxylary phloem. Included phloem is the strand of sieve elements embedded within the secondary xylem and is believed to perform the same general function as regular phloem (i.e. photosynthate transport). Internal/intraxylary phloem comprises sieve elements that are formed on the periphery of the pith. In the present investigation, a complete study of the stem anatomy of 36 taxa (29 species, one subspecies, two varieties, and four forms) of Indian Barleria species along with two outgroups (Crossandra infundibuliformis and Petalidium barlerioides) was carried out. This is the first comprehensive study on Indian Barleria and could be used for identification of species in the genus. Differences in the outline of stem and pith, the composition of the secondary xylem, variation in the number of the sieve elements within the included phloem islands, septation in fibres, fibre cell wall thickening, and ray types can be used for species delimitation. The present study revealed that depending on species, vessel elements were angular or oval, having a short tail at one end and a long tail on the other end, a short tail on both ends, a long tail on both ends, or without a tail. Among the species investigated, no consistency was observed in the secondary xylem rays. They were mostly uni- to biseriate in some species while in the remaining species they were uni- to multiseriate.
Hippocampal aggregation signatures of pathogenic UBQLN2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia
Authors: Thumbadoo Kyrah M , Dieriks Birger V , Murray Helen C , Swanson Molly E V , Yoo Ji Hun , Mehrabi Nasim F , Turner Clinton , Dragunow Michael , Faull Richard L M , Curtis Maurice A , Siddique Teepu , Shaw Christopher E , Newell Kathy L , Henden Lyndal , Williams Kelly L , Nicholson Garth A , Scotter Emma L 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Pathogenic variants in the UBQLN2 gene cause X-linked dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia characterized by ubiquilin 2 aggregates in neurons of the motor cortex, hippocampus and spinal cord. However, ubiquilin 2 neuropathology is also seen in sporadic and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia cases not caused by UBQLN2 pathogenic variants, particularly C9orf72-linked cases. This makes the mechanistic role of mutant ubiquilin 2 protein and the value of ubiquilin 2 pathology for predicting genotype unclear. Here we examine a cohort of 44 genotypically diverse amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases with or without frontotemporal dementia, including eight cases with UBQLN2 variants [resulting in p.S222G, p.P497H, p.P506S, p.T487I (two cases) and p.P497L (three cases)].
Using multiplexed (five-label) fluorescent immunohistochemistry, we mapped the co-localization of ubiquilin 2 with phosphorylated TDP-43, dipeptide repeat aggregates and p62 in the hippocampus of controls (n = 6), or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with or without frontotemporal dementia in sporadic (n = 20), unknown familial (n = 3), SOD1-linked (n = 1), FUS-linked (n = 1), C9orf72-linked (n = 5) and UBQLN2-linked (n = 8) cases.
We differentiate between (i) ubiquilin 2 aggregation together with phosphorylated TDP-43 or dipeptide repeat proteins; and (ii) ubiquilin 2 self-aggregation promoted by UBQLN2 pathogenic variants that cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and/or frontotemporal dementia. Overall, we describe a hippocampal protein aggregation signature that fully distinguishes mutant from wild-type ubiquilin 2 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with or without frontotemporal dementia, whereby mutant ubiquilin 2 is more prone than wild-type to aggregate independently of driving factors.
This neuropathological signature can be used to assess the pathogenicity of UBQLN2 gene variants and to understand the mechanisms of UBQLN2-linked disease.
Atopic dermatitis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: a large-scale, propensity-score matched US-based retrospective study
Authors: Zirpel Henner , Ständer Sascha , Frączek Alicja , Olbrich Henning , Ludwig Ralf J , Thaçi Diamant 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease characterized by intense itch, and impacting heavily on patients’ and caregivers’ quality of life. Its clinical presentation is accompanied by a variety of comorbidities associated with type 2 inflammation, such as asthma, hay fever and food allergies. However, current data on cardiovascular comorbidities are inconsistent.

Objectives
To identify the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with AD.

Methods
Data from electronic health records of 1 070 965 patients with AD and equally distributed propensity-score matched controls were retrieved from the US Collaborative Network, part of the federated TriNetX network. Hazard ratios (HRs) for the risk of onset of CVDs with a prevalence of ≥ 1% in both cohorts within 20 years after diagnosis were determined.

Results
In total, 55 CVDs belonging to 8 major cardiovascular groups were identified. Of those, 53 diagnoses displayed a significantly increased risk in patients with AD. Different diagnoses of heart failure and heart disease were found most often, followed by valve insufficiencies, arrhythmia, tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and flutter, but also major adverse cardiovascular events and venous thromboembolism. The highest HRs were displayed by the individual diagnoses of venous insufficiency, atherosclerosis of native arteries of the extremities, and unspecified diastolic (congestive) heart failure.

Conclusions
AD is associated with an increased risk for multiple CVDs.
Exploring the association between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction: a comprehensive scoping review
Authors: Tan Eugene , Kennedy Harriet , Rademaker Marius 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Background
A potential link between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction has been reported in various studies. However, such an association has not been explored within the context of a literature review until now.

Objectives
To evaluate the methodology and quality of studies investigating this association, and to examine the definitions of sexual dysfunction used.

Methods
A scoping review approach was used to identify peer-reviewed research articles. The search terms used were ‘isotretinoin’, ‘sexual dysfunction’, ‘erectile dysfunction’, ‘ejaculatory disorders’, ‘decreased libido’, ‘female sexual interest’, ‘female arousal disorder’, ‘libido’, ‘pelvic pain’, ‘dyspareunia’, ‘orgasmic disorder’, ‘impotence’, ‘ovaries’, ‘fertility’ and ‘menstrual irregularity’.

Results
In total, 55 peer-reviewed manuscripts were included, consisting of 8 animal studies and 46 human studies with 2420 patients. Of the studies in humans, there were 18 case reports or case series, 2 case–control studies, 4 cross-sectional studies, 6 longitudinal studies, 3 pharmacovigilance reports and 13 cohort studies. The most frequently observed dose range of isotretinoin was 0.5–1.0 mg kg−1 per day, usually for a duration of 1–6 months. More than half of the studies (54%, n = 25) reported a beneficial or neutral effect of isotretinoin on sexual function. The majority of studies (89%, n = 41) were categorized as Oxford Evidenced-Based Medicine level 4.

Conclusions
This scoping review revealed very weak evidence supporting a link between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction. Notably, the diverse definitions of sexual dysfunction pose a significant challenge for comparative analysis. The authors advocate for a standardized definition of sexual dysfunction and a framework for determining causality in order to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between isotretinoin and sexual dysfunction.
Cumulative Tenofovir Exposure Among Patients With HIV/Hepatitis B Coinfection With Differential Viral Suppression
Authors: Zhang Helen L , Mock Meredith , Bushman Lane , Anderson Peter L , Kiser Jennifer J , Naggie Susanna 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This case-control study explored cumulative tenofovir exposure among patients with human immunodeficiency virus/hepatis B virus (HIV/HBV) coinfection with HIV viral suppression. Among patients taking tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, median TFV-DP levels in dried blood spots were ∼3-fold lower among patients with incomplete HBV viral suppression (n = 4) compared to those with complete suppression (n = 5) (516 vs 1456 fmol/punch).
Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in a Pregnant Woman With HIV
Authors: van der Wekken-Pas Lena , Weiss Fabian , Simon-Zuber Charlotte , Sebisch Rena , Wiese Carmen , van Leeuwen Elisabeth , Burger David , Colbers Angela 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
This case report describes the effects of bimonthly long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB)/RPV before and throughout pregnancy. CAB concentrations were comparable to those in nonpregnant individuals; RPV concentrations were 70%–75% lower. No virologic failure or vertical transmission occurred. Despite placental transfer, no congenital malformations were noted. Bimonthly long-acting injectable CAB/RPV may not be suitable for pregnant women, and monitoring of exposed infants is warranted.
Colony identity clues for Syntermes grandis (Blattodea: Termitidae) individuals using near-infrared spectroscopy and PLS-DA approach
Authors: Santos Alexandre dos , Santos Isabel Carolina Lima dos , Mendonça Paula Maria de Souza , Santos Juliana Cristina dos , Zanuncio Antonio José Vinha , Zanuncio José Cola , Zanetti Ronald 
Published: May 2024

Abstract
Termites are social insects with high species diversity in tropical ecosystems. Multivariate analysis with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and data interpretation can separate social insects belonging to different colonies of the same species. The objective of this study was to propose the use of discriminant analysis by partial least squares (PLS-DA) combined with NIRS to identify the colonial origin of the Syntermes grandis (Rambur, 1842) (Blattodea: Termitidae) in 2 castes. Six ground S. grandis colonies were identified and mapped; 30 workers and 30 soldier termites in each colony were submitted to spectral measurement with NIRS. PLS-DA applied to the termites’ spectral absorbance was used to detect a spectral pattern per S. grandis colony by caste. PLS-DA regression with NIRS proved to be an approach with 99.9% accuracy for identifying the colonial origin of S. grandis workers and 98.3% for soldiers. The methodology showed the importance of qualitatively characterizing the colonial phenotypic response of this species. NIRS is a high-precision approach to identifying the colony origin of S. grandis workers and soldiers. The PLS-DA can be used to design ecological field studies to identify colony territorial competition and foraging behavior of subterranean termite species.
Safety and efficacy of long-term sodium channel blocker therapy for early rhythm control: the EAST-AFNET 4 trial
Authors: Rillig Andreas , Eckardt Lars , Borof Katrin , Camm A John , Crijns Harry J G M , Goette Andreas , Breithardt Günter , Lemoine Marc D , Metzner Andreas , Rottner Laura , Schotten Ulrich , Vettorazzi Eik , Wegscheider Karl , Zapf Antonia , Heidbuchel Hein , Willems Stephan , Fabritz Larissa , Schnabel Renate B , Magnussen Christina , Kirchhof Paulus 
Published: May 2024

Abstract

Aims
Clinical concerns exist about the potential proarrhythmic effects of the sodium channel blockers (SCBs) flecainide and propafenone in patients with cardiovascular disease. Sodium channel blockers were used to deliver early rhythm control (ERC) therapy in EAST-AFNET 4.

Methods and results
We analysed the primary safety outcome (death, stroke, or serious adverse events related to rhythm control therapy) and primary efficacy outcome (cardiovascular death, stroke, and hospitalization for worsening of heart failure (HF) or acute coronary syndrome) during SCB intake for patients with ERC (n = 1395) in EAST-AFNET 4. The protocol discouraged flecainide and propafenone in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and suggested stopping therapy upon QRS prolongation &gt;25% on therapy. Flecainide or propafenone was given to 689 patients [age 69 (8) years; CHA2DS2-VASc 3.2 (1); 177 with HF; 41 with prior myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft, or percutaneous coronary intervention; 26 with left ventricular hypertrophy &gt;15 mm; median therapy duration 1153 [237, 1828] days]. The primary efficacy outcome occurred less often in patients treated with SCB [3/100 (99/3316) patient-years] than in patients who never received SCB [SCBnever 4.9/100 (150/3083) patient-years, P &lt; 0.001]. There were numerically fewer primary safety outcomes in patients receiving SCB [2.9/100 (96/3359) patient-years] than in SCBnever patients [4.2/100 (135/3220) patient-years, adjusted P = 0.015]. Sinus rhythm at 2 years was similar between groups [SCB 537/610 (88); SCBnever 472/579 (82)].

Conclusion
Long-term therapy with flecainide or propafenone appeared to be safe in the EAST-AFNET 4 trial to deliver effective ERC therapy, including in selected patients with stable cardiovascular disease such as coronary artery disease and stable HF.
Clinical Trial Registration ISRCTN04708680, NCT01288352, EudraCT2010-021258-20, www.easttrial.org