bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temperature‐dependent rate coefficients and mechanism for the gas‐phase reaction of chlorine atoms with acetone
Authors: Romanias Manolis N. , Stefanopoulos Vassileios G. , Papanastasiou Dimitrios K. , Papadimitriou Vassileios C. , Papagiannakopoulos Panos 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe rate coefficient for the gas‐phase reaction of chlorine atoms with acetone was determined as a function of temperature (273–363 K) and pressure (0.002–700 Torr) using complementary absolute and relative rate methods. Absolute rate measurements were performed at the low‐pressure regime (∼2 mTorr), employing the very low pressure reactor coupled with quadrupole mass spectrometry (VLPR/QMS) technique. The absolute rate coefficient was given by the Arrhenius expression k(T) = (1.68 ± 0.27) × 10−11 exp[−(608 ± 16)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k(298 K) = (2.17 ± 0.19) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The quoted uncertainties are the 2σ (95% level of confidence), including estimated systematic uncertainties. The hydrogen abstraction pathway leading to HCl was the predominant pathway, whereas the reaction channel of acetyl chloride formation (CH3C(O)Cl) was determined to be less than 0.1%. In addition, relative rate measurements were performed by employing a static thermostated photochemical reactor coupled with FTIR spectroscopy (TPCR/FTIR) technique. The reactions of Cl atoms with CHF2CH2OH (3) and ClCH2CH2Cl (4) were used as reference reactions with k3(T) = (2.61 ± 0.49) × 10−11 exp[−(662 ± 60)/T] and k4(T) = (4.93 ± 0.96) × 10−11 exp[−(1087 ± 68)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1, respectively. The relative rate coefficients were independent of pressure over the range 30–700 Torr, and the temperature dependence was given by the expression k(T) = (3.43 ± 0.75) × 10−11 exp[−(830 ± 68)/T] cm3 molecule−1 s−1 and k(298 K) = (2.18 ± 0.03) × 10−12 cm3 molecule−1 s−1. The quoted errors limits (2σ) are at the 95% level of confidence and do not include systematic uncertainties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Chem Kinet 42: 724–734, 2010
Hallervorden‐Spatz disease: Historical case presentation in the spotlight of nosological evolution
Authors: Craenenbroeck Amaryllis Van , Gebruers Marilien , Martin Jean‐Jacques , Cras Patrick 
Published: August 2010

AbstractBaron Dr. Ludo van Bogaert (1897–1989) authored more than 700 publications, gave countless lectures at Belgian and foreign universities and at international congresses, and trained more than 300 specialists from all over the world in the Bunge Institute. He filmed many of his patients suffering from movement disorders. Hallervorden‐Spatz disease (HSD) was first described in 1922. The recognition of this well‐defined syndrome was followed by several case reports published and in 1936, a new case was reported by Ludo van Bogaert and Clovis Vincent. To the best of our knowledge, this case report can be considered as the first filmed case of HSD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Use of complementary and alternative therapies in outpatients with Parkinson's disease in Argentina
Authors: Pecci Cristina , Rivas Maria J. , Moretti Carolina M. , Raina Gabriela , Ramirez Carlos Zúñiga , Díaz Sergio , Uribe Roca Claudia , Micheli Federico E. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractWe interviewed 300 patients (54.7% male; mean age was 65.8 ± 9.5) attending the Movement Disorders Clinic at the Buenos Aires University Hospital to determine the prevalence of CATs use and their association with demographic, social, or disease‐specific characteristics among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. We found that 25.7% of the PD patients interviewed (77/300) stated they had used CATs to improve their PD symptoms whereas 38.0% (114/300) had used some CATs without any relation to PD, at least once in life. At the moment of the interview, CATs prevalence use was 50.6% in the former group and 25.0% in the latter. The use of CATs was much more frequent among women and more common in the 50‐ to 69‐year age group. Friends and neighbors of the patients had most frequently recommended these therapies. No major association was observed between CATs use and the duration of the disease, side of initial involvement, PD phenotype, or the Hoehn and Yahr staging. Acupuncture, homeopathy, yoga, and therapeutic massage were the most widely used therapies. After the initiation of conventional treatment the use of massage, yoga, and acupuncture in patients using CATs to improve PD significantly increased. Neurologists should be aware and inquire about the use of CATs to rule out potentially harmful effects. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Alcohol in essential tremor and other movement disorders
Authors: Mostile Giovanni , Jankovic, Joseph 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMany patients with essential tremor (ET) report transient improvement of symptoms after drinking alcohol. However, the brief duration of action, subsequent rebound, and the risk of developing alcohol addiction make the use of alcohol as a treatment for ET inappropriate. Whether excessive alcohol consumption is a risk for or a consequence of ET has been a subject of some controversy. In this review, we critically examine the mechanism of action of alcohol and its role in ET and other movement disorders. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Pardoprunox reverses motor deficits but induces only mild dyskinesia in MPTP‐treated common marmosets
Authors: Johnston Louisa Clare , Jackson Michael John , Rose Sarah , McCreary Andrew Christopher , Jenner Peter 
Published: August 2010

AbstractLong‐acting full dopamine D2agonists produce less dyskinesia in 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)‐treated primates and in Parkinson's disease than effective antiparkinsonian doses of levodopa. They do not however, prevent priming for dyskinesia expression on subsequent levodopa exposure. In contrast, the effects of partial D2receptor agonists on dyskinesia are unclear. We now examine the ability of the partial D2agonist pardoprunox (SLV308) to improve motor function and its propensity to prime for dyskinesia in drug naïve, MPTP‐treated common marmosets. Previously, drug naïve, MPTP‐treated common marmosets were treated with equivalent doses of either pardoprunox (SLV308) (0.1 mg/kg po), ropinirole (0.18 mg/kg po), or levodopa (10 mg/kg po BID) for 28 days. All treatments induced a similar reduction of motor disability. Dyskinesia induced by levodopa was of greater intensity than that following administration of either pardoprunox (SLV308) or ropinirole. Administration of pardoprunox (SLV308) resulted in dyskinesia that was less intense and of shorter duration than either ropinirole or levodopa. At the end of drug treatment, acute challenge with levodopa resulted in the expression of marked dyskinesia in animals that had previously received chronic levodopa or ropinirole treatment. However, animals previously treated with pardoprunox (SLV308) showed only mild dyskinesia in response to the levodopa challenge. These results suggest that the partial D2agonist pardoprunox (SLV308) is less likely to prime for dyskinesia or to lead to the expression of dyskinesia than either levodopa or full dopamine agonists. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
Heart rate changes during freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Maidan Inbal , Plotnik Meir , Mirelman Anat , Weiss Aner , Giladi Nir , Hausdorff Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractFreezing of gait (FOG) is one of the most disabling symptoms that affect patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the pathophysiology underlying FOG largely remains an enigma, several lines of evidence suggest that the autonomic nervous system might be involved. To this end, we tested the hypothesis that heart rate (HR) increases during FOG and, further, that HR increases just before FOG. To evaluate these hypotheses, 15 healthy older adults, 10 patients with PD who experienced FOG, and 10 patients who did not were studied. Patients with PD were tested during their “off” medication state. HR and HR variability were measured as subjects carried out tasks that frequently provoke FOG; 120 FOG episodes were evaluated. During FOG, HR increased (P = 0.001) by an average of 1.8 bpm, compared with HR measured before the beginning of FOG. HR also increased just before FOG, by 1 bpm (P < 0.0001). In contrast, during sudden stops and 180° turns, HR decreased by almost 2 bpm (P < 0.0001). HR variability was not associated with FOG. To our knowledge, these findings are the first to document the association of FOG to autonomic system activation, as manifested by HR dynamics. One explanation is that the changes in HR before and during FOG may be a sympathetic response that, secondary to limbic activation, contributes to the development of freezing. Although further studies are needed to evaluate these associations, the current results provide experimental evidence linking impaired motor blockades to autonomic nervous system function among patients with PD. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society
A review on the beneficial aspects of food processing
Authors: van Boekel Martinus , Fogliano Vincenzo , Pellegrini Nicoletta , Stanton Catherine , Scholz Gabriele , Lalljie Sam , Somoza Veronika , Knorr Dietrich , Jasti Pratima Rao , Eisenbrand Gerhard 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe manuscript reviews beneficial aspects of food processing with main focus on cooking/heat treatment, including other food‐processing techniques (e.g. fermentation). Benefits of thermal processing include inactivation of food‐borne pathogens, natural toxins or other detrimental constituents, prolongation of shelf‐life, improved digestibility and bioavailability of nutrients, improved palatability, taste, texture and flavour and enhanced functional properties, including augmented antioxidants and other defense reactivity or increased antimicrobial effectiveness. Thermal processing can bring some unintentional undesired consequences, such as losses of certain nutrients, formation of toxic compounds (acrylamide, furan or acrolein), or of compounds with negative effects on flavour perception, texture or colour. Heat treatment of foods needs to be optimized in order to promote beneficial effects and to counteract, to the best possible, undesired effects. This may be achieved more effectively/sustainably by consistent fine‐tuning of technological processes rather than within ordinary household cooking conditions. The most important identified points for further study are information on processed foods to be considered in epidemiological work, databases should be built to estimate the intake of compounds from processed foods, translation of in‐vitro results to in‐vivo relevance for human health should be worked on, thermal and non‐thermal processes should be optimized by application of kinetic principles.
Fishery management in Japan
Authors: Matsuda Hiroyuki , Makino Mitsutaku , Tomiyama Minoru , Gelcich Stefan , Castilla Juan Carlos 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThere are few legal marine protected areas in Japan rather than fishing‐ban areas. Fishers did not seek legal fishing‐ban areas but they did establish fishing‐ban areas by autonomous bases. We briefly introduce the institutional history and features of Japanese coastal fishery management, including the past decade's major legislative developments. Japan still has a decentralized co‐management system involving fishers and the government, and ca. 98% of Japanese fishers are artisanal. There are several successful cases of coastal fisheries management in Japan. However, offshore industrial fisheries have problems in Japan. We compare coastal fisheries co‐management between Japan and Chile. We finally discuss the possibility of improvement for Japanese fisheries.
Oral Delivery of DMAB-Modified Docetaxel-Loaded PLGA-TPGS Nanoparticles for Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Zheng Yi , Tian Ge , Tian Yan , Zeng Xiaowei , Liu Gan , Liu Kexin , Li Lei , Li Zhen , Mei Lin , Huang Laiqiang 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThree types of nanoparticle formulation from biodegradable PLGA-TPGS random copolymer were developed in this research for oral administration of anticancer drugs, which include DMAB-modified PLGA nanoparticles, unmodified PLGA-TPGS nanoparticles and DMAB-modified PLGA-TPGS nanoparticles. Firstly, the PLGA-TPGS random copolymer was synthesized and characterized. DMAB was used to increase retention time at the cell surface, thus increasing the chances of particle uptake and improving oral drug bioavailability. Nanoparticles were found to be of spherical shape with an average particle diameter of around 250 nm. The surface charge of PLGA-TPGS nanoparticles was changed to positive after DMAB modification. The results also showed that the DMAB-modified PLGA-TPGS nanoparticles have significantly higher level of the cellular uptake than that of DMAB-modified PLGA nanoparticles and unmodified PLGA-TPGS nanoparticles. In vitro, cytotoxicity experiment showed advantages of the DMAB-modified PLGA-TPGS nanoparticle formulation over commercial Taxotere® in terms of cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cells. In conclusion, oral chemotherapy by DMAB-modified PLGA-TPGS nanoparticle formulation is an attractive and promising treatment option for patients.
Inhibitory control and psychopathology: A meta-analysis of studies using the stop signal task
Authors: LIPSZYC JONATHAN , SCHACHAR RUSSELL 
Published: August 2010

AbstractThe Stop Signal Task (SST) is a measure that has been used widely to assess response inhibition. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies that examined SST performance in patients with various psychiatric disorders to determine the magnitude and generality of deficient inhibition. A five-item instrument was used to assess the methodological quality of studies. We found medium deficits in stop signal reaction time (SSRT), reflecting the speed of the inhibitory process, for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (g = 0.62), obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) (g = 0.77) and schizophrenia (SCZ) (g = 0.69). SSRT was less impaired or normal for anxiety disorder (ANX), autism, major depressive disorder (MDD), oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD), pathological gambling, reading disability (RD), substance dependence, and Tourette syndrome. We observed a large SSRT deficit for comorbid ADHD + RD (g = 0.82). SSRT was less than moderately impaired for ADHD + ANX and ADHD + ODD/CD. Study quality did not significantly affect SSRT across ADHD studies. This confirms an inhibition deficit in ADHD, and suggests that comorbid ADHD has different effects on inhibition in patients with ANX, ODD/CD, and RD. Further studies are needed to firmly establish an inhibition deficit in OCD and SCZ. (JINS, 2010, 16, 1064–1076.)
Organic host analogues and the search for life on Mars
Authors: Marlow Jeffrey J. , Martins Zita , Sephton Mark A. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractMars analogue sites represent vital tools in our continued study of the Red Planet; the similar physico-chemical processes that shape a given analogue environment on Earth allow researchers to both prepare for known Martian conditions and uncover presently unknown relationships. This review of organic host analogues – sites on Earth that mimic the putatively low organic content of Mars – examines specific locations that present particular Mars-like obstacles to biological processes. Low temperatures, aridity, high radiation and oxidizing soils characterise modern-day Mars, while acid–saline waters would have presented their own challenges during the planet's warmer and wetter past. By studying each of these hurdles to life on Earth, scientists can prepare instruments headed for Mars and identify the best locations and approaches with which to look for biological signatures. As our use of organic host analogues becomes increasingly sophisticated, researchers will work to identify terrestrial sites exhibiting multiple Mars-like conditions that are tailored to the distinct mineralogical and physical characteristics of Martian locations. Making use of organic host analogues in these ways will enhance the search for signs of past or present life on Mars.
Spectral line enhancements as signatures for stellar activity: AD Leonis – an example
Authors: Leitzinger M. , Odert P. , Hanslmeier A. , Ribas I. , Konovalenko A.A. , Vanko M. , Lammer H. , Khodachenko M.L. , Rucker H.O. 
Published: August 2010

AbstractA high level of stellar activity in the form of frequent flaring and frequent mass ejections can lead to the total loss of exoplanetary atmospheres due to evaporation and erosion. Simulations have shown such scenarii for close-in exoplanets orbiting M-stars. Information on stellar flaring activity is accessible more easily than information on stellar mass ejections, simply due to the difference in detection. In the National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer spectra of the dM star AD Leonis we find an interesting event lasting for only one spectrum. The first component of the OVI (103.19 nm, 103.76 nm) duplet shows an enhancement of the blue wing, shifted by about 90 km s−1. This event occurred one spectrum after a flare. We discuss several solar/stellar phenomena that might produce such a spectral feature and could therefore explain this event.
Oral Narrative Skills in French Adults Who Are Functionally Illiterate: Linguistic Features and Discourse Organization
Authors: Eme Elsa , Lacroix Agnès , Almecija Yves 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
To investigate the nature and extent of oral language difficulties encountered by adults who are functionally illiterate.

Method
Fifty-two men and women identified as functionally illiterate, together with a group of control individuals of comparable age, sex, and socioprofessional background, produced a narrative intended for an absent recipient based on a sequence of pictures featuring a cast of 3 protagonists. All narratives were transcribed in their entirety and coded in terms of linguistic features and discourse organization.

Results
As a group, the participants who were illiterate had great difficulty handling morphosyntactic rules, referential cohension, and the narrative schema. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis highlighted considerable interindividual variability in narrative styles, reflecting different types of difficulties.

Conclusions
Individuals who have not succeeded in learning to read also have impaired oral language abilities. This may affect different aspects of communication skills to a greater or lesser extent. These results have implications for teaching written language to adult learners.
Gesture and Motor Skill in Relation to Language in Children With Language Impairment
Authors: Iverson Jana M. , Braddock Barbara A. 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
To examine gesture and motor abilities in relation to language in children with language impairment (LI).

Method
Eleven children with LI (aged 2;7 to 6;1 [years;months]) and 16 typically developing (TD) children of similar chronological ages completed 2 picture narration tasks, and their language (rate of verbal utterances, mean length of utterance, and number of different words) and gestures (coded for type, co-occurrence with language, and informational relationship to language) were examined. Fine and gross motor items from the Battelle Developmental Screening Inventory (J. Newborg, J. R. Stock, L. Wneck, J. Guidubaldi, & J. Suinick, 1994) and the Child Development Inventory (H. R. Ireton, 1992) were administered.

Results
Relative to TD peers, children with LI used gestures at a higher rate and produced greater proportions of gesture-only communications, conventional gestures, and gestures that added unique information to co-occurring language. However, they performed more poorly on measures of fine and gross motor abilities. Regression analyses indicated that within the LI but not the TD group, poorer expressive language was related to more frequent gesture production.

Conclusions
When language is impaired, difficulties are also apparent in motor abilities, but gesture assumes a compensatory role. These findings underscore the utility of including spontaneous gesture and motor abilities in clinical assessment of and intervention for preschool children with language concerns.
Predictors of Morphosyntactic Growth in Typically Developing Toddlers: Contributions of Parent Input and Child Sex
Authors: Hadley Pamela A. , Rispoli Matthew , Fitzgerald Colleen , Bahnsen Alison 
Published: August 2010

Purpose
Theories of morphosyntactic development must account for between-child differences in morphosyntactic growth rates. This study extends Legate and Yang’s (2007) theoretically motivated cross-linguistic approach to determine if variation in properties of parent input accounts for differences in the growth of tense productivity.

Method
Fifteen toddlers (and parents) participated. None were producing tense morphemes productively at 21 months. Two dependent measures of morphosyntactic growth between 21 and 30 months were used: empirical Bayes linear coefficients at 21 months and predicted productivity scores at 30 months. Predictor variables included child sex, vocabulary, and mean length of utterance as well as 4 measures of parent language input at 21 months.

Results
Input informativeness for tense was the most consistent predictor of morphosyntactic growth, explaining 28.3% of the unique variance in children’s linear growth coefficients at 21 months and 23.0% of the unique variance in predicted tense productivity scores at 30 months. General input measures were unrelated. Child sex explained an additional 24.7% of the variance in early linear growth. Child vocabulary at 21 months did not explain a significant proportion of unique variance.

Conclusion

The findings provide evidence that
input informativeness,
an abstract and distributed property of input, contributes to morphosyntactic growth.
The Primacy of Priming in Grammatical Learning and Intervention: A Tutorial
Authors: Leonard Laurence B. 
Published: August 2010

PurposeThe author presents a tutorial on structural priming and its relevance to the study of grammatical development and language intervention.MethodThe findings from structural priming studies are examined from the standpoint of the types of changes that occur in participants' language use, the contexts in which these changes occur, and the effects of these changes on participants' language knowledge. Details of children’s grammatical development and language intervention are then considered in light of these findings.ResultsEvidence from the structural priming literature provides insight into the transition from early conservative grammatical use to broader abstract grammatical use in young children, and suggests ways in which language intervention activities can be modified to promote greater grammatical change in children with language impairments.ConclusionsStructural priming is not divorced from everyday language use. Evidence from priming research can be put to use in the study of children’s grammatical development and in shaping the methods that are used to facilitate children’s grammatical abilities.
Translations for dubbing as dynamic texts
Authors: Matamala Anna 
Published: August 2010

This article aims to describe how written translations of audiovisual products change along the dubbing process until they reach the audience, focusing mainly on the synchronisation stage. The corpus is made up of the first reel of the Catalan and Spanish translations of three different films released in 2006 (Casino Royale, Good night, and good luck, and The Da Vinci Code).
After a brief summary of the dubbing process and a short overview of the approaches to synchronisation found in the literature, the specific strategies found in a bottom-up analysis are highlighted, offering both a wide analysis of the general changes throughout the process and a closer analysis of the specific changes that occur in the synchronisation stage. A comparison of the strategies found in Catalan and Spanish is also included in order to assess whether different languages result in different strategies.