bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the characteristics of intestinal microbiota after oral tolerance in infants with food protein–induced proctocolitis
Authors: Lijing Xiong , Mengyao Zhou , Jing Li , Yang Li , Xiaoli Xie 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo understand the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota after oral tolerance in infants with food protein–induced proctocolitis (FPIAP) treated with amino acid formula and their differences from healthy children, aiming to provide a scientific basis for guiding the application of probiotics during treatment.MethodsFPIAP infants were prospectively enrolled, fecal specimens were obtained, and DNA was extracted for PCR amplification of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene V4 region. Library construction and sequencing were performed, and bioinformatic analysis was performed after obtaining valid data.ResultsThere were 36 patients in the FPIAP group: 20 males and 16 females, age 21.944 ± 13.277 months. Diarrhea with blood in the stool were the main symptom, with an average course of 14.83 ± 9.33 days. Thirty infants (83.33%) had mucus stool, 11.11% (4/36) of them experiencing vomiting, and 55.56% (20/36) of the infants displaying poor intake and weight gain, 28 (77.78%) patients with moderate eczema, 2 (5.6%) patients with chronic respiratory symptoms. The treatment time with amino acid formula was 5.51 ± 2.88 months. A control group comprising of 25 healthy infants who were full-term, natural delivery, bottle fed, and matched in terms of age (24.840 ± 12.680 months) and gender (15 males and 10 females) was selected. Anaerobic bacteria were less abundant in FPIAP infants than healthy infants (P = 4.811 × 10−5), but potentially pathogenic bacteria were more abundant (P = 0.000). The abundance of Actinobacteria was low in FPIAP infants, the abundance of Proteobacteria was high, and the abundance of Firmicutes was reduced. Bifidobacterium could be used as a bacterial genus to differentiate healthy and FPIAP infants. Both α-and β-diversity indicators of intestinal microbiota were lower in FPIAP infants. In FPIAP infants, glucose and energy metabolism and amino acid anabolism were decreased, and inflammation-related lipopolysaccharide synthesis pathways were increased.ConclusionCompared with healthy infants, FPIAP infants with oral tolerance after amino acid formula treatment had differences in the structure and diversity of intestinal microbiota, among which Bifidobacterium was significantly reduced.
Trial RegistrationThis trial was registered on https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/.
Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. [Asteraceae] rhizome-derived exosome-like nanoparticles suppress lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in murine microglial cells
Authors: Kawada Kei , Ishida Tomoaki , Morisawa Shumpei , Jobu Kohei , Higashi Youichirou , Aizawa Fuka , Yagi Kenta , Izawa-Ishizawa Yuki , Niimura Takahiro , Abe Shinji , Goda Mitsuhiro , Miyamura Mitsuhiko , Ishizawa Keisuke 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundExosome-like nanoparticles (ELNs) mediate interspecies intercellular communications and modulate gene expression.Hypothesis/PurposeIn this study, we isolated and purified ELNs from the dried rhizome of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. [Asteraceae] (ALR-ELNs), a traditional natural medicine, and investigated their potential as neuroinflammatory therapeutic agents.MethodsALR-ELN samples were isolated and purified using differential centrifugation, and their physical features and microRNA contents were analyzed through transmission electron microscopy and RNA sequencing, respectively. BV-2 microglial murine cells and primary mouse microglial cells were cultured in vitro, and their ability to uptake ALR-ELNs was explored using fluorescence microscopy. The capacity of ALR-ELNs to modulate the anti-inflammatory responses of these cells to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure was assessed through mRNA and protein expression analyses.ResultsOverall, BV-2 cells were found to internalize ALR-ELNs, which comprised three microRNAs (ath-miR166f, ath-miR162a-5p, and ath-miR162b-5p) that could have anti-inflammatory activity. Pretreatment of BV-2 cells with ALR-ELN prevented the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS stimulation by significantly reducing the levels of nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Notably, the mRNA levels of Il1b, Il6, iNos, ccl2, and cxcl10 in BV-2 cells, which increased upon LPS exposure, were significantly reduced following ALR-ELN treatment. Moreover, the mRNA levels of heme oxygenase 1, Irf7, ccl12, and Irg1 also increased significantly following ALR-ELN treatment. In addition, pretreatment of primary mouse microglial cells with ALR-ELN prevented the pro-inflammatory effects of LPS stimulation by significantly reducing the levels of nitric oxide.ConclusionOur findings indicate that ALR-ELNs exhibit anti-inflammatory effects on murine microglial cells. Further validation may prove ALR-ELNs as a promising neuroinflammatory therapeutic agent.
A Chinese patent medicine’s long-term efficacy on non-dialysis patients with CKD stages 3–5: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Hui-Fen , Lin Yu-Jie , Han Yan , Zhang Xian-Long , Wang Ruo-Bing , Chen Jun-Hui , Pi Ying , Fu Li-Zhe , Tang Fang , Jie Xi-Na , Tang Xiao-Na , Liu Xu-Sheng , Wu Yi-Fan 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundChinese patent medicine is commonly used in China as an important treatment mechanism to thwart the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5, among which Niaoduqing granules are a representative Chinese patent medicine; however, its long-term efficacy on CKD prognosis remains unclear.MethodsPatients were grouped according to Niaoduqing granule prescription duration (non-Niaoduqing granule (non-NDQ) group vs Niaoduqing granule (NDQ) group). Serum creatinine (SCr) variation was compared using a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM). Multivariate Cox regression models were constructed, adjusting for confounding factors, to explore the risk of composite outcomes (receiving renal replacement therapy (RRT) or having an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)&lt;5 mL/min/1.73 m2, ≥50% decline in the eGFR from the baseline, and doubling of SCr) in individuals consuming Niaoduqing granules.ResultsA total of 1,271 patients were included, with a median follow-up duration of 29.71 (12.10, 56.07) months. The mean SCr Z-scores for the non-NDQ group and NDQ group were −0.175 and 0.153, respectively, at baseline (p = 0.015). The coefficients of the NDQ group from visit 1 to visit 5 were −0.207 (95% CI: −0.346, −0.068, p = 0.004), −0.214 (95% CI: 0.389, −0.039, p = 0.017), −0.324 (95% CI: 0.538, −0.109, p = 0.003), −0.502 (95% CI: 0.761, −0.243, p = 0.000), and −0.252 (95% CI: 0.569, 0.065, p = 0.119), respectively. The survival probability was significantly higher in the NDQ group (p = 0.0039). Taking Niaoduqing granules was a significant protective factor for thwarting disease progression (model 1: HR 0.654 (95% CI 0.489–0.875, p = 0.004); model 2: HR 0.646 (95% CI 0.476, 0.877, p = 0.005); and model 3: HR 0.602 (95% CI 0.442, 0.820, p = 0.001)).ConclusionThe long-term use of Niaoduqing granules improved SCr variation and lowered the risk of CKD progression by 39.8%.
Brain functional magnetic resonance imaging in ICU patients who developed delirium
Authors: Song Ren-Jie , Guo Fu-Jian , Huang Xiao-Fei , Li Mo , Sun Yi-Yun , Yu An-Yong , Zhang Tian-Xi 
Published: April 2024

ObjectiveTo detect brain alterations in intensive care unit (ICU) patients who develop delirium using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and to determine their predictive value.MethodsFifty-two patients who were admitted to the ICU of the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University between June 2021 and June 2022 were enrolled. Fifteen patients who were diagnosed with delirium by the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) after MRI were selected as the delirium group, and 15 healthy volunteers who were examined during the same period served as the control group. Both groups underwent fMRI and DTI. Quantitative fMRI and DTI data were compared between the two groups to detect abnormal structural and functional brain damage. The relationships between MRI outliers and clinical indicators in the delirium group were also assessed.ResultsDemographic characteristics and imaging indicators before delirium were not correlated with ICDSC scores after delirium. Compared with the healthy control group, the delirium group had significantly lower regional homogeneity (ReHo) values in the left caudate nucleus and frontal lobe on fMRI. The amplitude of the low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) values of the delirium group were significantly increased in the hippocampus but significantly decreased in the frontal lobe. Compared with the healthy control group, the delirium group showed reduced mean diffusivity (MD) values, mainly in the right cerebellum and right middle temporal gyrus; reduced radial diffusivity (RD) values, mainly in the anterior cerebellum and right middle temporal gyrus; reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) values, only in the corpus callosum; and reduced axial diffusivity (AD) values, mainly in the anterior cerebellar lobe, right middle temporal gyrus, and left middle frontal gyrus on DTI. The statistical thresholds for quantitative DTI measurements were p &lt; 0.005 at the voxel level and a cluster size &gt; 5.ConclusionAbnormal resting-state brain activity in the left superior frontal gyrus and structural changes in the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, corpus callosum, hippocampus, and cerebellum were observed in ICU patients who developed delirium during hospitalization. Early-brain fMRI and DTI examinations are recommended for the prediction of delirium according to unique quantitative indicators to facilitate early intervention for critically ill patients, reduce the length of hospital stay, and improve patient prognosis.
A comparative study of 8-week complex training and resistance training on athletic performance of amateur futsal players
Authors: Zhai Yuan , Qin Guoyang 
Published: April 2024

Background: Despite the acknowledged importance of resistance training (RT) in enhancing physical performance in futsal players., the comparative effectiveness of RT and complex training (CT) on both physical and technical performance in futsal players remains underexplored. This study aimed to compare the effects of RT vs. CT on physical and technical performance in amateur futsal players.Method: Players from two amateur futsal teams were assigned to RT (one team of 16 players; 18 years) and CT (one team of 16 players; 18 years) to perform an 8-week intervention with two weekly sessions. The RT performed the squat and deadlift (6 sets of 6–10 repetitions at 75%–85% one-repetition maximum (1RM), while the CT performed the squat + squat jump and deadlift + high pull (3 sets of 4–6 + 10–12 repetitions at 75%–85% 1RM). Pre- and post-intervention assessments included the Futsal Special Performance Test (FSPT), repeated sprint ability (RSA), sprint decrement (Sdec), sprint times at 10-m (T10), 10–20-m (T10-20), and 20-m (T20), 1RM back squat (1RM BS), isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), and countermovement jump (CMJ).Results: At baseline, no significant differences between groups were observed for any variable analyzed (p &gt; 0.05). After 8 weeks, there were significant differences between CT vs. RT on FSPT (−10.8% vs. −3.4%; p &lt; 0.05), T10 (−5.2% vs. −0.1%; p &lt; 0.05), IMTP (7.8% vs. 5.1%; p &lt; 0.05), and CMJ (10.2% vs. 4.5%; p &lt; 0.05). On the other hand, no significant differences between CT vs. RT were observed for RSA (−2.0% vs. −1.2%; p &gt; 0.05), Sdec (−7.6% vs. −3.5%; p &gt; 0.05), T10-20 (−0.9% vs. −0.9%; p &gt; 0.05), T20 (−1.8% vs. −1.7%; p &gt; 0.05), and 1RM BS (5.7% vs. 4.5%; p &gt; 0.05) after the training program. Both groups significantly improved FSPT, T20, 1RM BS, and IMTP, while only CT significantly improved RSA, Sdec, T10, and CMJ.Conclusion: The results suggest that CT may be valuable for improving specific performance parameters in amateur futsal players, with some advantages over RT in enhancing strength and power. These findings support tailored training protocols for futsal players to optimize performance.
Burnout among elementary and high school teachers in three Canadian provinces: prevalence and predictors
Authors: Agyapong Belinda , da Luz Dias Raquel , Wei Yifeng , Agyapong Vincent Israel Opoku 
Published: April 2024

BackgroundBurnout is a longstanding issue among educators and has been associated with psychological and physical health problems such as depression, and insomnia.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence and predictors of the three dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of professional accomplishment) among elementary and high school teachers.MethodsThis is a quantitative cross-sectional study with data collected via an online survey. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educator Survey (MBI-ES), the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and the Perceived Stress Scale were used, respectively, to assess burnout, resilience and stress among teachers. Data was collected between September 1st, 2022 and August 30th, 2023. SPSS (version 28, IBM Corp) was used for the data analysis.ResultsOverall, 1912 educators received a link to the online survey via a text message, and 780 completed the burnout survey questions, resulting in a response rate of 41%. The prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of professional accomplishment were 76.9, 23.2, and 30.8%, respectively. Participants with high-stress symptoms were 6.88 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion (OR = 6.88; 95% CI: 3.31–14.29), 2.55 times (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 1.65–3.93) more likely to experience depersonalization and 2.34 times (OR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.64–3.35) more likely to experience lack of professional fulfilment. Additionally, respondents with low resilience were 3.26 times more likely to experience emotional exhaustion symptoms (OR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.00–5.31), than those with high resilience. Males were about 2.4 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared to female teachers, whilst those who indicated their marital status as partnered or cohabiting and those who selected “other” were 3.5 and 7.3 times, respectively, more likely to present with depersonalization compared with those who were single. Finally, Physical Education were 3.8 times more likely to present with depersonalization compared with English teachers.ConclusionThe current study highlights the predictive effects of low resilience and high stress on the three dimensions of burnout among teachers in Canada. Interventions aimed at addressing systemic stress and fostering resilience are needed to reduce burnout among teachers.
Consumer behavior toward virtual wine experiences as a technology-based sustainable transformation
Authors: Gastaldello Giulia , Rossetto Luca , Giampietri Elisa 
Published: April 2024

IntroductionThis study examines the behavior of wine consumers toward virtual wine experiences (VWEs), which are innovative and resilient solutions adopted by actors in the wine and wine tourism sectors during the recent pandemic, with an inherent potential for sustainability. While the phenomenon is still evolving due to the digitalization megatrend and the marketing potential of VWEs for wineries, the literature on this topic is still limited.MethodsWe apply an extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), relying on a large and representative sample of Italian wine consumers to analyze the effect of personal wine involvement, risk attitude, and future wine tourism intention in addition to attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control.ResultsThe results confirm that attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, wine involvement, and future wine tourism intention positively influence intentions, while risk aversion negatively affects behavior.DiscussionThis first application of the TPB to technology-based wine experiences. It provides key insights for researchers, practitioners (such as wineries and wine tourism stakeholders), and policymakers for the development of VWEs.
Incidence and management of Lyme disease: a Scottish general practice retrospective study
Authors: Mavin Sally , Guntupalli Swapna , Robb Michael 
Published: April 2024

Background
The true burden of Lyme disease in primary care in Scotland is unknown. Epidemiological data are currently based on laboratory-confirmed reports as there is no mandatory reporting of clinical cases.

Aim
To analyse data from general practice in NHS Highland (North) over a 6-year period to assess the incidence and management of Lyme disease in primary care.

Design & setting
This was a retrospective descriptive study. Study data from 2017 to 2022 were extracted from all 63 general practices within NHS Highland (North).

Method
Consultations for Lyme disease were identified via Lyme-related clinical Read codes, requests for borrelia tests , free text, ‘tags’ and/or Lyme disease antibiotic scripts.

Results
Using Read codes to identify patients with Lyme disease or suspected Lyme disease gave an estimated average annual incidence of 124/100 000 population, which was 2.1 times more than estimates based solely on laboratory-confirmed reports. The incidence figures increased 5.2 times (362/100 000 population) when patients with Lyme disease or suspected Lyme disease (identified via Read codes, laboratory test requests, and free text tags) who were given antibiotic treatment were taken into account. Local ‘hot spots’ of infection were identified. Analysis of the antibiotic data indicates that antibiotic prescribing in NHS Highland largely follows the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines.

Conclusion
This data analysis pathway can, and should, be rolled out across the whole of Scotland to assess the incidence and management of Lyme disease in primary care and allow appropriate allocation of resources.
CARCINOGENIC RISKS FOR THE POPULAION OF MYKOLAIV REGION FROM TECHNOGENICALLY ENHANCED NATURAL SOURCES OF IONIZING RADIATION
Authors: Grygorieva L. , Burovytska Y. 
Published: April 2024

The article highlights the materials of our own research on the assessment of carcinogenic risk from technogenically enhanced natural sources of ionising radiation. The study was carried out for the Mykolaiv region, whose geological features in the north contribute to an increased burden on the population from natural sources of ionising radiation. The study used materials from well-known radioecological and dosimetric studies in the Mykolaiv region.
The presence of a carcinogenic risk from ionising radiation sources encountered in everyday life was confirmed. The cancer incidence and mortality rates among the population from different regions of the Mykolaiv region, which differ in the magnitude of the dose load on the population from natural and artificial radiation, were determined and analysed. There is a difference in the average annual growth rates of cancer incidence and mortality for regions with different levels of human exposure to man-made and artificially enhanced sources of ionising radiation of natural origin.
Hubungan Tingkat Stres dengan Siklus Menstruasi pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Indriyani Lutfi , Aniroh Umi 
Published: April 2024

Stres merupakan salah satu unsur yang berdampak pada siklus menstruasi. Stres akan mengaktifkan sistem HPA (hypothalamus pituitary adrenal) yang menghasilkan hormon kortisol. Kortisol menciptakan ketidakseimbangan hormon, termasuk dalam sistem reproduksi yang menyebabkan siklus menstruasi tidak normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi pada remaja putri. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Cross Sectional. Populasi adalah remaja putri di SMA Negeri 1 Bergas. Sampel diambil sebanyak 263 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan chi- square. Hasil yang didapat dari penilaian mengenai tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi, sebagian besar responden mengalami tingkat stres normal (33,5%) dan sebagian besar responden mengalami menstruasi tidak normal (52,5%), dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi pada remaja putri. Hasil Uji chi-square diperoleh value sebesar 0,489 ( p > 0,05) sehingga H0 gagal ditolak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat stres dengan siklus menstruasi pada remaja putri di SMA Negeri 1 Bergas. Perlu adanya penelitian lebih lanjut terkait variabel lain yang mempengaruhi siklus menstruasi remaja putri.
papel da raposa no fabulário judaico medieval
Authors: Rodrigues José da Cunha 
Published: April 2024

A edição e análise comparativa de fábulas, interpretações morais e religiosas, metáforas e alegorias da raposa na literatura judaica, antes e depois da Idade Média, em comparação com outras tradições literárias (a Bíblia, Esopo, literatura greco-latina, etc.) é o foco principal deste trabalho. Assim, pretende-se compreender o que há de comum nestas narrativas de diversas índoles e, deste modo, pela sua vasta produção, articular esses signos de sacralidade versus (i)moralidade em era pós-moderna.
várias funções do demoníaco e do sobrenatural em contos de Isaac Bashevis Singer
Authors: Albuquerque Juliana de 
Published: April 2024

Este artigo objetiva delinear algumas das funções que os demônios cumprem nos contos de Isaac Bashevis Singer. Para tanto, pretende-se analisar textos em que o demônio aparece ora como personagem, ora como narrador, em uma tentativa de compreender o que há de propriamente moderno na maneira como Bashevis Singer desenvolve a sua literatura a partir de uma apropriação de temas marcadamente pertencentes ao folclore judaico do leste europeu. Nos contos de Singer, encontramos desde demônios domésticos, que vivem atrás do fogão ou da lareira, a pregar peças nos moradores de uma determinada residência, a personagens que se fingem de demônio para satisfazer os seus próprios desejos ou, até mesmo, demônios que se apoderam da pena do escritor para contar histórias relativas à destruição, no século XX, da vida dos judeus da Polônia, terra natal de Bashevis Singer.
Generation of single photon emitters at a SiO2/SiC interface by high-temperature oxidation and reoxidation at lower temperatures
Authors: Onishi Kentaro , Nakanuma Takato , Tahara Kosuke , Kutsuki Katsuhiro , Shimura Takayoshi , Watanabe Heiji , Kobayashi Takuma 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We report on an approach to produce single photon emitters at the SiO2/SiC interface. We form a high-quality SiO2/SiC interface by high-temperature oxidation and subsequently perform oxidation at lower temperatures (200 °C–1000 °C) to generate the emitters. After reoxidation at 800 °C, we confirmed the formation of emitters with a bright luminescence (>50 kcps). Through Hambury-Brown and Twiss measurements, single photon characteristics were confirmed. Thus, the proposed approach is effective in generating highly bright single photon emitters at the SiO2/SiC interface.