bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies on energy consumption and other important machining characteristics in sustainable turning of EA1N railway axle steel
Authors: Dinçsoy Mehmet , Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi , Gupta Munish Kumar , Özdemir Mehmet Tayyip , Günay Mustafa , Demirsöz Recep 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe present research focuses on comprehensively evaluating energy consumption and other vital machining characteristics during the turning process, aiming to optimize efficiency while minimizing environmental impact. The experimental data is collected through a series of machining tests on EA1N railway axle steel under dry, minimum quantity lubrication (MQL), and cryogenic cooling conditions. Under these cutting conditions, the machinability criteria (energy consumption, tool wear, surface quality, chip morphology) of train wheel axle steel were tried to be improved. As a result, cryogenic cooling at constant cutting speed gave 40% and 53% better results in terms of energy consumption than MQL and dry environment, respectively. When the same situation was examined in terms of tool wear and surface quality, 10–18% and 8–14% gave better results, respectively. In other words, it is worthy to mention that the research findings not only benefit the manufacturing industry by optimizing resource utilization but also align with global efforts to promote environmentally conscious practices in the engineering and transportation sectors.
Advanced CNC thread milling: a comprehensive canned cycle for efficient cutting of threads with fixed or variable pitch and radius
Authors: Omirou Sotiris , Charalambides Marios , Chasos Charalambos 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThis paper presents the design, implementation, and experimental validation of a novel canned cycle for CNC milling machines, enabling the precise and efficient cutting of threads with fixed or variable pitch and radius. Conventional canned cycles are limited to fixed pitch threads, restricting the versatility of CNC milling machines in thread machining applications.The development process involves integrating a sophisticated control algorithm into the CNC milling machine's software, giving the operator remarkable control over the thread cutting process. This algorithm allows the operator to choose between external or internal threads, set both initial and final radii, determine initial and final pitches, specify the number of turns, and select the left or right-hand thread type. Such flexibility enables the creation of threads with diverse geometries. Furthermore, the proposed canned cycle provides the capability to switch between roughing and finishing passes by adjusting the step motion along the prescribed helical curve.Simulation tests conducted under various threading cases clearly demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed canned cycle. These results showcase its capability to address a wide range of machining scenarios, offering practical solutions applicable across a spectrum of applications.
Comparison of anatomic axes with a navigated functional rotation axis determined by ligament tension for rotational femoral component alignment in cadaver knee arthroplasty
Authors: Jäckle K , Pietzka M , Schüttrumpf JP , Panahi B , Meier M-P , Hawellek T , Lehmann W , Walde TA 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Introducion
The malimplantation of the total knee arthroplasty (TKA) components is one of the main reasons for revision surgery. For determining the correct intraoperative femoral rotation several anatomic rotational axes were described in order to achieve a parallel, balanced flexion gap. In this cadaveric study prevalent used rotational femoral axes and a navigated functional rotational axis were compared to the flexion-extension axis defined as the gold standard in rotation for femoral TKA component rotation.

Materials and methods
Thirteen body donors with knee osteoarthritis (mean age: 78.85 ± 6.09; eight females and five males) were examined. Rotational computer tomography was performed on their lower extremities pre- and postoperatively. Knee joint arthroplasties were implanted and CT diagnostics were used to compare the preoperatively determined flexion-extension axis (FEA). The FEA is the axis determined by our surgical technique and serves as an internal reference. It was compared to other axes such as (i) the anatomical transepicondylar axis (aTEA), (ii) the surgical transepicondylar axis (sTEA), (iii) the posterior condylar axis (PCA) and (iv) the functional rotation axis (fRA).

Results
Examination of 26 knee joint arthroplasties revealed a significant angular deviation (p*** < 0.0001) for all axes when the individual axes and FEA were compared. aTEA show mean angular deviation of 5.2° (± 4.5), sTEA was 2.7° (± 2.2), PCA 2.9° (± 2.3) and the deviation of fRA was 4.3° (± 2.7). A tendency towards external rotation was observed for the relative and maximum axis deviations of the aTEA to the FEA, for the sTEA and the fRA. However, the rotation of the posterior condylar axis was towards inwards.

Conclusions
All axes showed a significant angular deviation from the FEA. We conclude that the presented technique achieves comparable results in terms of FEA reconstruction when compared with the use of the known surrogate axes, with certain deviations in terms of outliers in the internal or external rotation.
Clinical and radiological outcome following trauma-related reverse shoulder arthroplasty
Authors: Fischer Cornelius Sebastian , Lohr Christian , Ziegler Patrick , Schüll Daniel , Finger Felix Christioph , Histing Tina , Herbst Moritz , Hemmann Philipp 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is a frequently used therapy for complex proximal humeral fractures and posttraumatic disorders. The present study’s purpose was to assess the clinical and radiological outcome of primary and secondary RSA, and to analyze the impact of refixation of the greater tuberosity (GT).

Patients and methods
28 patients with primary fracture RSA and 18 patients with RSA due to posttraumatic disorders were examined with a mean clinical follow-up of 2.5 ± 1.73 years. Operative details and radiographs were retrospectively reviewed. Additional analyses were performed for healed and non-healed GT in primary RSA.

Results
Patients with fracture RSA had higher Constant-Murley score (CMS) than secondary RSA without reaching significance (p = 0.104). No significant difference was present for the quality of life measured by the Short Form 36 (SF 36) and the range of motion. In primary RSA, 78.6% GT healed anatomically. Compared to non-healed GT, patients with healed GT had a significantly higher CMS (p = 0.011), external rotation (p = 0.026) and forward flexion (p = 0.083), whereas DASH score was lower without a significant difference (p = 0.268). SF 36 showed no significant difference. Patients with healed GT had a more neutral glenoid version (p = 0.009).

Conclusion
Superior range of motion and clinical outcome scores were present for anatomically healed GT. Therefore, refixation of the tuberosities is recommended. Secondary RSA can result in inferior results compared to primary RSA, so patients need to be adequately informed.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy-induced hemoglobin decline as a prognostic factor in osteosarcoma around the knee joint: a single-center retrospective analysis of 242 patients
Authors: Yu Wenxi , Sun Miaoli , Wang Wei , Shen Zan , Wang Yonggang , Li Hongtao 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Anemia is relatively common in cancer patients, and is associated with poor survival in patients with various malignancies. However, how anemia would affect prognosis and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in osteosarcoma (OS) is still without substantial evidence.

Methods
We retrospectively analysed 242 patients with stage II OS around the knee joint in our institute. Changed hemoglobin (Hb) levels (before and after NAC) were recorded to assess the prognostic value in DFS (disease-free survival) and tumor response to NAC. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify prognostic factors related with outcome in OS patients.

Results
The mean Hb level significantly decreased after NAC (134.5 ± 15.3 g/L vs. 117.4 ± 16.3 g/L). The percentage of mild (21%), moderate (4.2%) and severe (0%) anemia patients markedly increased after NAC: 41%, 24% and 4.1% respectively. There was higher percentage of ≥ 5% Hb decline in patients with tumor necrosis rate < 90% (141 out of 161), compared with those with tumor necrosis rate ≥ 90% (59 out of 81). Further univariate and survival analysis demonstrated that Hb decline had a significant role in prediction survival in OS patients. Patients with ≥ 5% Hb decline after NAC had an inferior DFS compared with those with < 5% Hb decline.

Conclusion
In osteosarcoma, patients with greater Hb decrease during neoadjuvant treatment were shown to have worse DFS and a poorer response to NAC than those without. Attempts to correct anemia and their effects on outcomes for osteosarcoma patients should be explored in future studies.
NSQIP data collection up to 30 postoperative days is sufficient to capture some complications in orthopedic surgeries
Authors: Hopper Haleigh M. , Nelson Chase T. , Satalich James R. , O’Neill Conor N. , Vap Alexander R. 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The primary aim of this study is to determine if the 30-day follow-up period used by the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSIQP) is an appropriate timeframe to capture complications after orthopedic surgeries.

Methods
The 2019 NSQIP data were used. The independent variables were complication type. The dependent variable was days to complication. A Shapiro–Wilk test was used to determine if the data were normally distributed.

Results
271,397 orthopedic cases were included. Myocardial infarction, pneumonia, ventilator over 48 h, progressive renal insufficiency, acute renal failure, stroke, and cardiac arrest had positive skewness and positive kurtosis. Deep incisional surgical site infection (SSI), organ/space SSI, wound disruption, unplanned reoperation one, unplanned reoperation two, readmission two, and readmission three had negative kurtosis and negative skewness. Complications with positive kurtosis and positive skewness are more likely to be confined to the 30-day postoperative period, whereas complications with negative skewness and negative kurtosis may be underreported within the 30-day follow-up.

Conclusions
These findings are useful in their ability to inform future orthopedic research using NSQIP which continues to generate new data for surgeons to consider for their postoperative care and complication management.
The way of water: exploring the role of interaction elements in usability challenges with in-car VR experience
Authors: Jeon Hwaseung , Jo Taewoo , Yeo Dohyeon , An Eunsol , Kang Yumin , Kim SeungJun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractWith advancements in autonomous driving technology, the variety of activities that can be performed in a vehicle has increased. This improves the possibility of watching virtual reality (VR) content on a head-mounted display (HMD). However, unlike VR used in stationary environments, in-car VR can lead to discomfort and motion sickness due to the vehicle movements. Additionally, the obstruction of the outside view during driving may cause user anxiety. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the effect of dynamic road environments, such as turns, stops, and speed bumps, on the in-car VR experience. Based on our findings, we included situational awareness (SA) cues in the in-car VR content to help users perceive their surroundings and improve the user experience. We conducted a user study with thirty participants to validate the impact of these cues. Consequently, we discovered that the Dynamics cue, which provides SA information while maintaining the context of the VR content, improves user immersion and trust while easing VR motion sickness.
Stochastic optimal control problems with delays in the state and in the control via viscosity solutions and applications to optimal advertising and optimal investment problems
Authors: de Feo Filippo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this manuscript we consider optimal control problems of stochastic differential equations with delays in the state and in the control. First, we prove an equivalent Markovian reformulation on Hilbert spaces of the state equation. Then, using the dynamic programming approach for infinite-dimensional systems, we prove that the value function is the unique viscosity solution of the infinite-dimensional Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. We apply these results to problems coming from economics: stochastic optimal advertising problems and stochastic optimal investment problems with time-to-build.
LINC01503 in cancer: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic implications
Authors: Shuai You , Qian Haili , Yuan Peng 
Published: June 2024

AbstractLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are fundamental agents that govern tumor growth and metastasis across a spectrum of cancer types. Linc01503 is a novel lncRNA situated on human chromosome 19, and it is intricately linked with the pathogenesis of multiple human cancers, underscoring its substantial role and significance in cancer development. It has been recognized as a pivotal contributor to inducing malignant behaviors in lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, cholangiocarcinoma, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer, among others. The dysregulation of linc01503 has been shown to strongly associate with advanced clinicopathological factors and foretell an unfavorable prognosis, indicating its prospective clinical significance as a valuable biomarker and therapeutic target for individuals with cancer. The primary objective of the current work is to present the intricate molecular pathways governed by linc01503 and its profound clinical relevance in the context of carcinogenesis. We also focus on the future prospects of linc01503-based clinical application. This will help us to better understand the regulatory mechanism of carcinogenesis and provide new ideas for precision molecular medicine.
Effectiveness and Safety of Direct Oral Anticoagulants Versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and Cancer: A Target Trial Emulation from SEER-Medicare Database
Authors: Truong Bang , Hornsby Lori , Fox Brent , Chou Chiahung , Zheng Jingyi , Qian Jingjing 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are preferred over warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AFib). However, their safety and effectiveness in patients with AFib and cancer are inconclusive.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study by emulating a target trial. Patients with a record of cancer (breast, prostate, or lung), newly diagnosed with AFib initiated DOACs or warfarin within 3 months after AFib diagnosis from the 2012–2019 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare database were included. We compared the risk of ischemic stroke, major bleeding, and secondary outcomes (venous thromboembolism, intracranial bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding, and non-critical site bleeding) between patients who initiated DOACs and warfarin. Inverse probability treatment weights and inverse probability censoring weights were used to adjust imbalanced patient and disease characteristics and loss to follow-up between the two groups. Weighted pooled logistic regression were used to estimate treatment effect with hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (95% CIs).

Results
The incidence rates of stroke and major bleeding between DOAC and warfarin initiators were 9.97 vs. 9.91 and 7.74 vs. 9.24 cases per 1000 person-years, respectively. In adjusted intention-to-treat analysis, patients initiated DOACs had no statistically significant difference in risk of ischemic stroke (HR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.52–1.44) and major bleeding (HR = 1.14, 95% CI 0.77–1.68) compared to those initiated warfarin. In adjusted per-protocol analysis, there was no statistical difference in risk of ischemic stroke (HR = 1.81, 95% CI 0.75–4.36) and lower risk for major bleeding, but the 95% CI was wide (HR = 0.35, 95% CI 0.12–0.99) among DOAC initiators compared to warfarin initiators. The benefits in secondary outcomes were in favor of DOACs. The findings remained consistent across subgroups and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion
DOACs are safe and effective alternatives to warfarin in the management of patients with AFib and cancer.
Characterization of the inhalable fraction (< 10 μm) of soil from highly urbanized and industrial environments: magnetic measurements, bioaccessibility, Pb isotopes and health risk assessment
Authors: Menegaki Stavroula , Kelepertzis Efstratios , Kypritidou Zacharenia , Lampropoulou Anastasia , Chrastný Vladislav , Aidona Elina , Bourliva Anna , Komárek Michael 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSoil in urban and industrial areas is one of the main sinks of pollutants. It is well known that there is a strong link between metal(loid)s bioaccessibility by inhalation pathway and human health. The critical size fraction is < 10 μm (inhalable fraction) since these particles can approach to the tracheobronchial region. Here, soil samples (< 10 μm) from a highly urbanized area and an industrialized city were characterized by combining magnetic measurements, bioaccessibility of metal(loids) and Pb isotope analyses. Thermomagnetic analysis indicated that the main magnetic mineral is impure magnetite. In vitro inhalation analysis showed that Cd, Mn, Pb and Zn were the elements with the highest bioaccessibility rates (%) for both settings. Anthropogenic sources that are responsible for Pb accumulation in < 10 μm fraction are traffic emissions for the highly urbanized environment, and Pb related to steel emissions and coal combustion in cement plant for the industrial setting. We did not establish differences in the Pb isotope composition between pseudo-total and bioaccessible Pb. The health risk assessment via the inhalation pathway showed limited non-carcinogenic risks for adults and children. The calculated risks based on pseudo-total and lung bioaccessible concentrations were identical for the two areas of contrasting anthropogenic pressures. Carcinogenic risks were under the threshold levels (CR < 10–4), with Ni being the dominant contributor to risk. This research contributes valuable insights into the lung bioaccessibility of metal(loids) in urban and industrial soils, incorporating advanced analytical techniques and health risk assessments for a comprehensive understanding.
C.I. Acid Black 1 transfer from dilute solution to perlite framework in organic waste management
Authors: Roulia Maria , Vassiliadis Alexandros A. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDyes, considered as toxic and persistent pollutants, must be removed from organic wastes prior to their composting and application in sustainable agriculture. Azo dyes, capable of altering the physicochemical properties of soil, are difficult to expel by conventional wastewater treatments. C.I. Acid Black 1 (AB 1), a sulfonated azo dye, inhibits nitrification and ammonification in the soil, lessens the nitrogen use efficacy in crop production and passes substantially unaltered through an activated sludge process. The retention of C.I. Acid Black 1 by raw and expanded perlite was investigated in order to examine the potential effectiveness of this aluminosilicate material toward organic waste cleanup. Dye adsorption proved spontaneous and endothermic in nature, increasing with temperature for both perlites. Expanded perlite having a more open structure exhibited a better performance compared to the raw material. Several of the most widely recognized two-parameter theoretical models, i.e., Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Harkins–Jura, Halsey, Henderson, and Smith, were applied to reveal physicochemical features characterizing the adsorption. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, BET, Henderson, and Smith equations best fitted experimental data indicating that the adsorption of anionic dye on perlites is controlled by their surface, i.e., non-uniformity in structure and charge. This heterogeneity of surface is considered responsible for promoting specific dye adsorption areas creating dye “islands” with local dye supersaturations.
Sex-specific outcomes and left atrial remodeling following catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation: results from the DECAAF II trial
Authors: Younes Hadi , Sohns Christian , Akoum Nazem , Feng Han , Tsakiris Eli , Hajjar Abdel Hadi El , Donnellan Eoin , Pandey Amitabh C. , Lim Chanho , Bidaoui Ghassan , Mekhael Mario , Noujeim Charbel , Chouman Nour , Assaf Ala , Shamaileh Ghaith , Polo Francisco Tirado , Bsoul Mayana , Dagher Lilas , Kreidieh Omar , Rao Swati , Sommer Philipp , Forkmann Mathias , Brachmann Johannes , Marrouche Nassir , Mahnkopf Christian 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Catheter ablation is recognized as an effective treatment for atrial fibrillation (AF). Despite its effectiveness, significant sex-specific differences have been observed, which influence the outcomes of the procedure. This study explores these differences in a cohort of patients with persistent AF. We aim to assess sex differences in baseline characteristics, symptoms, quality of life, imaging findings, and response to catheter ablation in patients with persistent AF.

Methods
This post hoc analysis of the DECAAF II trial evaluated 815 patients (161 females, 646 males). Between July 2016 and January 2020, participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive either personalized ablation targeting left atrial (LA) fibrosis using DE-MRI in conjunction with pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) or PVI alone. In this analysis, we aimed to compare female and male patients in the full cohort in terms of demographics, risk factors, medications, and outcomes such as AF recurrence, AF burden, LA volume reduction assessed by LGE-MRI before and 3 months after ablation, quality of life assessed by the SF-36 score, and safety outcomes. Statistical methods included t-tests, chi-square, and multivariable Cox regression.

Results
Females were generally older with more comorbidities and experienced higher rates of arrhythmia recurrence post-ablation (53.3% vs. 40.2%, p < 0.01). Females also showed a higher AF burden (21% vs. 16%, p < 0.01) and a smaller reduction in left atrial volume indexed to body surface area post-ablation compared to male patients (8.36 (9.94) vs 11.35 (13.12), p-value 0.019). Quality of life scores were significantly worse in females both pre- and post-ablation (54 vs. 66 pre-ablation; 69 vs. 81 post-ablation, both p < 0.01), despite similar improvements across sexes. Safety outcomes and procedural parameters were similar between male and female patients.

Conclusion
The study highlights significant differences in the outcomes of catheter ablation of persistent AF between sexes, with female patients showing worse quality of life, higher recurrence of AF and AF burden after ablation, and worse LA remodeling.

Graphical Abstract