bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine Imaging for Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion Procedures: A Survey Study Establishing Current Practice Patterns
Authors: Bohl Daniel D. , Hustedt Joshua W. , Blizzard Daniel J. , Badrinath Raghav , Grauer Jonathan N. 
Published: July 2012

The number of anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedures performed annually in the United States rose 8-fold from 1990 to 2004. Imaging for anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedures contributes to health care costs and exposes patients and staff to radiation. Despite this, no standard of care for such imaging has been defined, and imaging practices have remained largely uncharacterized.
The authors distributed a questionnaire at the 2011 Spine Study Group meeting. They received 72 responses (80% response rate) and included 67 in the analysis. All participants were attending spine surgeons practicing in the United States, 97% of whom had completed spine surgery fellowships. Median practice duration was 8 years. Practice type was evenly split between private and academic, and the median annual number of anterior cervical decompression and fusion procedures was 50. Intraoperatively, 68% of surgeons use fluoroscopy and 32% use plain radiographs; 60% take at least 1 image prior to incision; 78% place the localizer in the disk, whereas 22% place it in the vertebral body, and 45% always save these localizer images; 100% take images of the final construct before leaving the operating room, and 74% always save the final-construct images. Postoperatively but before discharge, 12% of surgeons take images in the recovery room, 33% take images in the radiology suite, and 2% take images in both locations. After discharge, surgeons follow their patients for a mean of 1.6 years, 96% with lateral views, 96% with anteroposterior views, 46% with flexion–extension radiographs, and 14% with computed tomography scans.
Emergent Hip Arthroscopy: Life-saving Intervention for Septic Hip and Secondary Multiorgan Failure
Authors: Matsuda Dean K. , Calipusan Charito P. 
Published: July 2012

This article describes the case of a 27-year-old female athletic trainer who presented to the emergency department in acute renal failure with rhabdomyolysis and disseminated intravascular coagulation following a brief onset of right hip pain and staphylococcal facial infection. Despite the absence of fever, peripheral leukocytosis, or organisms on gram stain from emergent joint aspiration, magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large hip effusion; a presumptive diagnosis of septic hip was made. Emergent hip arthroscopy was performed in the middle of the night within 3 hours of presentation. Minimally invasive, high-volume irrigation and debridement was rapidly performed using dual-portal arthroscopy. Although this approach required prolonged critical respiratory and hemodynamic support, the patient recovered from a life-threatening situation not often seen by arthroscopic or sports medicine surgeons. The unusual diagnosis of staphylococcal hip sepsis with multifocal dissemination was established, as was an atypical but important indication for emergent hip arthroscopy.
Although generally implemented to improve quality of life, this case represents the use of hip arthroscopy to increase its quantity as well. Hip arthroscopy may have an emergent indication with life-saving potential.
Intramuscular Dissection of a Large Ganglion Cyst Into the Gastrocnemius Muscle
Authors: Nicholson Luke T. , Freedman Harold L. 
Published: July 2012

Ganglion cysts are lesions resulting from the myxoid degeneration of the connective tissue associated with joint capsules and tendon sheaths. Most common around the wrist joint, ganglion cysts may be found elsewhere in the body, including in and around the knee joint. Uncommonly, ganglion cysts can present intramuscularly. Previous reports document the existence of intramuscular ganglia, often without histologic confirmation.
This article describes a case of an intramuscular ganglion cyst in the medial gastrocnemius muscle of a 53-year-old woman. The patient initially presented for discomfort associated with the lesion. Examination was consistent with intramuscular cystic lesion of unknown etiology. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the origin of the mass at the semimembranosus–gastrocnemius bursa. Because of its location, the mass was initially suspected to be a dissecting Baker’s cyst, an uncommon but previously reported diagnosis. The patient underwent surgical excision, and examination of the intact specimen revealed a thin, fibrous, walled cyst with no lining epithelium, which was consistent with a ganglion cyst.
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report in the orthopedic literature of a ganglion cyst dissecting into the gastrocnemius muscle. Because ganglion cysts commonly require excision for definitive treatment and do not respond well to treatment measures implemented for Baker’s cysts, including resection of underlying meniscal tears, the authors believe it is important for orthopedic surgeons to be able to distinguish between Baker’s and other cysts associated with the knee joint, including ganglion cysts, which may require more definitive treatment.
Injury to the Anterior Tibial System During Percutaneous Plating of a Proximal Tibial Fracture
Authors: Gary Joshua L. , Sciadini Marcus F. 
Published: July 2012

Minimally invasive osteosynthesis of proximal tibial fractures has grown in popularity in recent years. This article describes a patient with a Schatzker type VI proximal tibial fracture (AO/OTA type 41.C3) and previous compartment syndrome treated with definitive fixation 8 weeks after initial injury with a precontoured proximal tibial plate and a distal targeting device. Brisk bleeding occurred during percutaneous insertion of a cortical screw at the midshaft of the tibia. Surgical exploration revealed sidewall tearing of the anterior tibial artery and vein, which were clipped at the screw insertion site. After the bleeding was controlled, the patient had a strong palpable posterior tibial pulse with no palpable dorsalis pedis pulse, and the foot remained well perfused. Function of the deep peroneal nerve was normal postoperatively.
Previous concerns regarding the percutaneous treatment of proximal tibial fractures have focused on the risks of damage to the superficial peroneal nerve from distal screws. Based on cadaveric studies, percutaneously and laterally based screw placement in the distal tibial metaphysis threatens injury to the anterior tibial system. However, with alterations to the normal anatomy caused by severe trauma, previously described safe zones may be changed and neurovascular structures may be exposed to risk in locations that were previously thought safe.
Dysphoric Mood, Thought Suppression and Cognitive Control in Recovered Depressed and Never-Depressed Individuals
Authors: Van der Does A.J. Willem , Manthey Leonie , Hermans Kelly 
Published: July 2012

Background Research has shown that sad mood inductions (SMIs) have effects on cognition in depression-vulnerable samples (e.g., recovered depressed patients), but not in never-depressed individuals. A recent study however, found that an SMI followed by a brief period of suppressing negative thoughts affects subsequent information processing in never-depressed individuals, even while the sad mood had already dissipated. We investigated the relevance of this finding for depression, and also whether this effect would be robust against minor procedural variations. Method 32 recovered depressed and 32 never-depressed individuals underwent an SMI followed by a writing task during which either instructions to suppress negative thoughts or no instructions were given. Finally, participants completed a scrambled sentences task (SST). Results Recovered depressed participants unscrambled significantly more negative sentences on the SST than the control group. Thought suppression did not affect performance in either group. SST performance correlated with various aspects of cognitive reactivity. Conclusion A brief period of thought suppression during sadness does not have an effect on cognition in never-depressed nor in recovered depressed individuals.
Developing Genome and Exome Sequencing for Candidate Gene Identification in Inherited Disorders: An Integrated Technical and Bioinformatics Approach
Authors: Coonrod Emily M. , Durtschi Jacob D. , Margraf Rebecca L. , Voelkerding Karl V. 
Published: July 2012

Context.—Advances in sequencing technology with the commercialization of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has substantially increased the feasibility of sequencing human genomes and exomes. Next-generation sequencing has been successfully applied to the discovery of disease-causing genes in rare, inherited disorders. By necessity, the advent of NGS has fostered the concurrent development of bioinformatics approaches to expeditiously analyze the large data sets generated. Next-generation sequencing has been used for important discoveries in the research setting and is now being implemented into the clinical diagnostic arena.
Objective.—To review the current literature on technical and bioinformatics approaches for exome and genome sequencing and highlight examples of successful disease gene discovery in inherited disorders. To discuss the challenges for implementing NGS in the clinical research and diagnostic arenas.
Data Sources.—Literature review and authors' experience.
Conclusions.—Next-generation sequencing approaches are powerful and require an investment in infrastructure and personnel expertise for effective use; however, the potential for improvement of patient care through faster and more accurate molecular diagnoses is high.
A novel ZRS mutation in a Balochi tribal family with triphalangeal thumb, pre‐axial polydactyly, post‐axial polydactyly, and syndactyly
Authors: VanderMeer Julia E. , Afzal Muhammad , Alyas Saadia , Haque Sayedul , Ahituv Nadav , Malik Sajid 
Published: July 2012

AbstractLimb malformations are one of the most common types of human congenital malformations. Mutations in the ZRS enhancer of Sonic Hedgehog are thought to be responsible for pre‐axial polydactyly in multiple independent families. Here, we describe a large Balochi tribal family from Southern Punjab, Pakistan, with a variable set of limb malformations and a novel ZRS mutation. The family has a limb phenotype characterized by triphalangeal thumb, pre‐axial polydactyly, and post‐axial polydactyly. There is also a high degree of phenotypic heterogeneity with less common clinical findings in the affected family members that include osseous syndactyly of forth–fifth fingers, clinodactyly, hypoplasia of mesoaxial fingers, and bifid halluces. The presentation in most of the affected patients was bilateral and symmetrical. A heterozygous C>A mutation at position 287 of the ZRS enhancer (chr7:156,584,283; hg19) was detected in all affected subjects and is absent from four unaffected family members, 42 unrelated samples, and multiple databases of human variation. Combined, these results identify a novel ZRS287 C>A mutation which leads to a variable spectrum of limb phenotypes. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Profound microcephaly, primordial dwarfism with developmental brain malformations: A new syndrome
Authors: Abdel‐Salam Ghada M.H. , Abdel‐Hamid Mohamed S. , Saleem Sahar N. , Ahmed Mahmoud K.H. , Issa Mahmoud , Effat Laila K. , Kayed Hisham F. , Zaki Maha S. , Gaber Khaled R. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe describe two sibs with a lethal form of profound congenital microcephaly, intrauterine and postnatal growth retardation, subtle skeletal changes, and poorly developed brain. The sibs had striking absent cranial vault with sloping of the forehead, large beaked nose, relatively large ears, and mandibular micro‐retrognathia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed extremely simplified gyral pattern, large interhemispheric cyst and agenesis of corpus callosum, abnormally shaped hippocampus, and proportionately affected cerebellum and brainstem. In addition, fundus examination showed foveal hypoplasia with optic nerve atrophy. No abnormalities of the internal organs were found. This profound form of microcephaly was identified at 17 weeks gestation by ultrasound and fetal brain MRI helped in characterizing the developmental brain malformations in the second sib. Molecular analysis excluded mutations in potentially related genes such as RNU4ATAC, SLC25A19, and ASPM. These clinical and imaging findings are unlike that of any recognized severe forms of microcephaly which is believed to be a new microcephalic primordial dwarfism (MPD) with developmental brain malformations with most probably autosomal recessive inheritance based on consanguinity and similarly affected male and female sibs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Temperature‐dependent selective crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene with a β‐nucleating agent
Authors: Cai Ziwei , Zhang Yao , Li Jingqing , Shang Yingrui , Huo Hong , Feng Jiachun , Funari Sergio S. , Jiang Shichun 
Published: July 2012

AbstractThe crystallization behavior of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) induced with various concentrations of the β‐form nucleating agent aryl amide derivative (TMB‐5) at different temperatures was investigated with synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) and polarized optical microscopy. The WAXS results indicate that TMB‐5 is a temperature‐dependent selective nucleating agent for iPP crystallization. This means that only β crystals or α crystals form at low or high crystallization temperatures, respectively; both β and α crystals can be found at a suitable crystallization temperature. A mechanism was proposed to understand this phenomenon and the crystallization behavior of iPP with the nucleating agent. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Using water‐soluble nickel acetate as hole collection layer for stable polymer solar cells
Authors: Zhang Wenqing , Tan Zhan'ao , Qian Deping , Xu Qi , Li Liangjie , Li Shusheng , Wang Fuzhi , Zheng Hua , Li Yongfang 
Published: July 2012

AbstractWe report polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on poly(3‐hexylthiophene (P3HT) and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) using water‐soluble nickel acetate (Ni(CH3COO)2, NiAc) instead of acidic poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) : poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT : PSS) as hole collection layer (HCL) between the indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode and photoactive layer. The NiAc layer can effectively decrease Rs and increase Rp and shows effective hole collection property. Under the illumination of AM1.5G, 100 mW/cm2, the short‐circuit current density (Jsc) of the NiAc based device (ITO/NiAc/P3HT : PCBM/Ca/Al) reach 11.36 mA/cm2, which is increased by 11% in comparison with that (10.19 mA/cm2) of PEDOT : PSS based device (ITO/PEDOT : PSS/P3HT : PCBM/Ca/Al). The power conversion efficiency of the NiAc based devices reach 3.76%, which is comparable to that (3.77%) of the device with PEDOT : PSS HCL under the same experimental conditions. Moreover, NiAc based PSCs show superior long‐term stability than PEDOT : PSS based PSCs. Our work gives a new option for HCL selection in designing more stable PSCs. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013
Potential Application of Voltammetry of Microparticles for Dating Porcine Blood‐based Binding Media used in Taiwanese Architectural Polychromies
Authors: Doménech Antonio , Doménech‐Carbó María Teresa , Lee Yu , Osete‐Cortina Laura 
Published: July 2012

AbstractA method for dating Hemoglobine‐containing archaeological samples using the voltammetry of microparticles is described. This is based on the record of the voltammetric response of such materials attached to paraffin‐impregnated graphite electrodes in contact with aqueous acetate buffer. Signals attributable to the FeIII/FeII iron couple and their catalytic enhancement in the presence of H2O2 can be correlated, via first‐order reaction kinetics, with the time of aging of the samples. The method has been applied to the study and dating of the polychromed architectural decoration of different parts of the architectural complex of the Longshan Temple in Lukang (18th century, Taiwan).
Adsorption and wetting phenomena for colloids in liquid mixtures
Authors: Beysens D. , Petit J.‐M. , Narayanan T. , Kumar A. , Broide M. L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractColloidal particles suspended in a binary liquid mixture display many interesting features. For instance, a preferential adsorption occurs that is more important on the side of the coexistence curve which is poor in the adsorbed component. Adsorption increases with the proximity of the mixture to the coexistence curve. An aggregation phenomenon which is reversible with respect to temperature is observed in the high adsorption regime close to the bulk coexistence. A robust set of observations, involving different colloids and liquid mixtures, is presented. The above findings are assessed in the light of current theoretical understanding of wetting phenomena. In addition, the recent advances in the dynamics of aggregation of colloids, and the inverse process, fragmentation, are discussed.
Stability of colloidal suspensions in a binary liquid mixture in the vicinity of its binodal curve
Authors: Grüll H. , Woermann D. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractSuspensions of monodisperse polystyrene spheres with a low surface charge density dispersed in 2‐butoxyethanol/water mixtures become unstable in a certain range of compositions and temperatures in the vicinity of the binodal curve for compositions larger than the critical. In this 1‐fluid phase region of the phase diagram water‐rich concentration fluctuations with long range correlations exist. The colloidal particles flocculate reversibly at a well defined temperature below the temperatures of phase separation. Dynamic light scattering experiments show that approaching the temperature of flocculation the hydrodynamic diameter of the polystyrene sphere increases. Evidence is given to support the assumption that the flocculation is caused by a water rich adsorption layer on the surface of the spheres. This leads to a modification of the interparticle potential and triggers flocculation.
Emerging data on the use of anti‐tumor necrosis factor‐alpha medications in pregnancy
Authors: Chambers Christina D. , Johnson Diana L. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractAnti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α medications are used for the treatment of a number of autoimmune diseases. Evaluation of pregnancy safety for these medications is complicated by the contribution of the underlying maternal disease to adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery and reduced birth weight. Placental transport of these medications is thought to be minimal in the first trimester, thereby providing some reassurance regarding theoretical risks for congenital malformations. Available human exposure data are sparse; however, to date there has been no convincing evidence to support an increased risk for a specific pattern of major congenital malformations with any of the drugs in this group for which some data is currently available. As a result of the improvement of symptoms during pregnancy in some women with autoimmune diseases, it may be possible to discontinue treatment before or shortly after conception. However, in some cases the benefits of treatment and concerns for disease flares in pregnancy have warranted continued treatment during pregnancy. Because of the relatively long half‐life of these medications, and theoretical concerns for immune compromise of the infant following exposure in the latter two trimesters, some clinicians recommend discontinuation of treatment in the third trimester to avoid potentially prolonged infant exposure in the postpartum period. Currently ongoing controlled cohort studies for some of the TNF blocker medications will help to provide more definitive answers for clinicians and patients. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:607–611, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ABCDXXX: The obscenity of postmarketing surveillance for teratogenic effects
Authors: Friedman Jan M. 
Published: July 2012

AbstractOur current system of postmarketing surveillance, which is based on voluntary reporting of suspected teratogenic effects, is a failure. Postmarketing surveillance should, at a minimum, provide reassurance that every approved drug treatment does not produce a teratogenic effect as great as thalidomide embryopathy or fetal alcohol syndrome. This means that postmarketing surveillance should be able to detect a twofold or greater increase in the frequency of major congenital anomalies, a fivefold or greater increase in the frequency of intellectual disability, or a characteristic pattern of minor anomalies and functional abnormalities that occurs with a frequency of at least 10% among the children of women who were treated with the drug during pregnancy. Effective surveillance for teratogenic effects could be accomplished through a complementary set of mechanisms that includes pregnancy exposure registries or cohorts as well as direct examination of a small subset of infants whose mothers received the treatment during various periods of pregnancy. If this routine surveillance reveals a “signal” (i.e., an indication suggesting a possible teratogenic effect), further study would be needed to establish whether the observed effect is real and causal. Once a signal of possible teratogenicity in humans has been recognized, validating or refuting it would become an urgent matter. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 94:670–676, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Experimental approach to follow the spatiotemporal wood degradation in fungal microcosms
Authors: Hahn Felix , Ullrich René , Hofrichter Martin , Liers Christiane 
Published: July 2012

AbstractTo investigate the spatiotemporal growth dynamics in fungal microcosms and to follow the spatial degradation effects of fungal lignocellulose fermentation, a new and flexible experimental setup was developed and tested. White and brown rot fungi were cultivated under solid‐state conditions in beech wood‐filled silicon tubes for 5 weeks. After inoculation of wood material at one end of the tube, the culture vessels were aerated and moistured by flushing air through alkaline and aqueous solutions. After incubation, the silicon tubes were harvested and segmented to follow different growth and degradation parameters. This new approach holds great potential since it allows the use of different growth substrates, variable aeration or moisturization conditions and is therefore a useful tool for diverse degradation studies, e.g. respiration/mineralization studies involving flow meters or carbon dioxide sensors or for molecular biological approaches.