bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elective Coronary Stenting Increases Fractional Flow Reserve in Other Arteries due to an Increase in Microvascular Resistance: Clinical Implications for Assessment of Multivessel Disease
Authors: HOOLE STEPHEN P. , HECK PATRICK M. , EPSTEIN ANDREW C. , CLARKE SARAH C. , WEST NICK E. J. , DUTKA DAVID P. 
Published: October 2010

Introduction: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) can guide percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in multivessel disease (MVD). However, the effect of target vessel (TV) stenting on subsequent FFR measurements in remote non‐TVs (NTVs) is unknown. We investigated the effect of TV stenting on NTV FFR in patients with MVD.
Methods:
Patients with MVD (>50% stenosis, ≥2 vessels >2.5 mm diameter; n = 51) undergoing elective PCI were studied. NTV distal pressure, aortic pressure, and saline‐bolus thermodilution transit time (Tmn) were measured at baseline and during maximal hyperemia to derive FFR, index of myocardial resistance (IMR), and coronary flow reserve (CFR). PCI was then performed to the TV and the measurements repeated. Collaterals were assessed by modified Rentrop score before and after TV stenting.
Results:
Mean FFR increased in the NTV after stenting the TV (0.79 ± 0.02 vs. 0.81 ± 0.02; P < 0.01), particularly in patients with normal baseline IMR (0.77 ± 0.02 vs. 0.80 ± 0.02; P = 0.001; n = 41). In this group, PCI to the TV increased remote microvascular resistance (NTV IMR increased from 12.5 ± 0.7 to 16.3 ± 1.4; P = 0.007; and CFR decreased from 3.0 ± 0.2 to 2.4 ± 0.2; P = 0.008). This change was independent of angiographic loss of coronary collaterals from the NTV.
Conclusion:
Elective TV PCI increases NTV FFR due to an increase in remote coronary microvascular resistance in patients with normal microvascular function. The effect of stent deployment on subsequent FFR measurements in other arteries should be considered. (J Interven Cardiol 2010;23:520–527)
Benefits of larval group feeding by Chrysolina aurichalcea asclepiadis on Vincetoxicum: improved host location or feeding facilitation?
Authors: Weed Aaron S. 
Published: October 2010

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that group feeding by immature insects enhances larval performance through feeding facilitation. However, the benefits of this behavior have not been studied for species that hatch off from their host plant. For these taxa, group feeding may enhance recruitment of newly emerging larvae and may improve larval performance through feeding facilitation. I conducted laboratory experiments with the European chrysomelid Chrysolina aurichalcea asclepiadis (Villa) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae), whose larvae hatch on the ground near their host plant [Vincetoxicum (Apocynaceae)] and feed in groups during early instars, to determine whether cues associated with larval feeding enhance neonate establishment and determine whether feeding in groups improves larval performance. Neonates located shoots infested with larvae more often than when confined to shoots with leaves that were undamaged or mechanically damaged. When provided a choice, neonates preferred shoots infested with 10 larvae to non‐infested shoots and shoots with one or five larvae. In the larval performance test, group feeding did not improve survival, but larvae completed larval development about 2 days faster when larvae were raised in groups of 10 compared to isolated larvae. However, larval group size negatively affected the size of emerging adults. The results of this study indicate that the main benefit of group feeding is to young C. a. asclepiadis larvae and this benefit diminishes over development due to competition of mature larvae.
Phronêsis vs Scepticism: An Early Modernist Perspective
Authors: Cervantes Fernando 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTaking advantage of the way in which Charles Taylor hinges his account of the rise of modern secularity around the year 1500, this article attempts a reassessment of some aspects of early modern thought which have been prominent in recent studies. In particular, it focuses on the thin boundary between illusion and reality, on the lure of scepticism, and on the changing role of the Aristotelian notion of phronêsis in human action.
A Secular Age: an exercise in breach-mending
Authors: Flanagan Kieran 
Published: October 2010

AbstractThis article considers three aspects of Taylor's A Secular Age: the issue of the status and authority of theological insights derived from sociological analyses; the irresolvable ambiguities of secularity, where it marks the disappearance of religion but inadvertently affirms its persistence; and the properties of nostalgia and memory that unexpectedly shape post-secularity and the forms of enchantment it seeks.
Being Post-secular in the Social Sciences: Taylor's Social Imaginaries
Authors: Lyon David 
Published: October 2010

AbstractFollowing the fall of mainstream secularization paradigms, this article suggests opportunities arise for considering social and political life as ‘religious’ phenomena and, specifically, for using Taylor's pregnant notion of ‘social imaginaries’ as a bridge between ‘secular’ and ‘post-secular’ social science. Thus, themes implicit in A Secular Age are made explicit and used to challenge how social science is done in ‘post-secular’ times.
Multiculturalism, Catholicism and Us
Authors: Tester Keith 
Published: October 2010

AbstractTaylor addresses A Secular Age to an ‘us’ identified with the West. In this way the book is particularised and entered into a conversation. It is a prime example of the multiculturalism Taylor acclaims. However the paper argues that the commitment to multiculturalism forces A Secular Age to downplay the importance of Catholicism as an institution. It is contended that the book is a great work of catholicity (small ‘c’) but in need of more Catholicism (capital ‘C’).
A study investigating the travel habits and preferences of older Australian adults with a falls risk
Authors: McCluskey Annie , Thurtell Andrew , Clemson Lindy , Kendig Hal 
Published: October 2010

Aim:  To investigate the travel habits and preferences of city‐dwelling older Australians with a falls risk, and factors influencing outings.Methods:  A retrospective cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 96 community‐dwelling adults with a falls risk.Results:  The mean age of participants was 78.2 years (SD 5.33). The majority were women (77%). Most (75%) went on five or more outings per week (mean 6.9 outings). Men drove more than women (41% vs 31%). Shopping was the most common reason for outings. Walking was the most frequent mode of travel, and buses were both the easiest and most difficult. Factors that enabled bus travel included bus stop location, good services and cheap fares. Primary reasons for restricting outings were poor health, transport barriers, neighbourhood safety and personal motivation.Conclusion:  These older adults went out nearly every day. Findings can be used to improve transport services for older people.
EFFECTS OF PACKAGING AND POSTHARVEST TREATMENTS ON THE SHELF‐LIFE QUALITY OF CROWN‐CUT BROCCOLI
Authors: REDDY YETTELLA V. RAMESH , MARCY JOSEPH E. , BRATSCH ANTHONY D. , WILLIAMS ROBERT C. , WATERMAN KIM M. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT The effects of packaging treatments, postharvest cooling delay and storage duration on color, texture, ascorbic acid content, weight loss and glucosinolate retention in crown‐cut heads of broccoli were studied. Broccoli stored in shrink wrap film lost 3.7% of its original weight, whereas ice packaging resulted in 17.4% weight loss during storage. Long postharvest cooling delay and storage duration negatively affected broccoli color. Broccoli heads stored in shrink wrap packaging retained firmness longer than broccoli stored in ice. Ascorbic acid retention was improved in shrink wrapped broccoli, but retention decreased as postharvest cooling delay and storage duration lengthened. Shrink wrapped broccoli exhibited improved retention of the glucosinolate, glucoraphanin. During storage, “Gypsy” broccoli maintained better quality than “Everest” with respect to color, ascorbic acid retention and weight loss. However, “Everest” retained texture (firmness) better after 35 days of storage. Shrink wrap packaging and shorter postharvest cooling delays preserve broccoli quality and increase shelf life. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSBroccoli has the potential to be a high value crop if the shrink wrap packaging technology can be disseminated to the broccoli growers. Typically, farmers use ice for cooling broccoli heads after harvest, which is an expensive and difficult practice. Without icing requirement, broccoli marketing will be easy and opens up significant potential for broccoli producers who can afford relatively inexpensive film wrapping machines (as compared with ice equipment) in conjunction with onsite cooling. Sometimes onsite cooling is not possible and delays may be involved before the harvested produce is cooled. The conclusions reached in this study shows that shrink wrap packaging can be used to improve quality, retain phytochemical content and prolong the shelf life of crown‐cut broccoli.
THERMAL AND NONTHERMAL PROCESSING OF APPLE CIDER: STORAGE QUALITY UNDER EQUIVALENT PROCESS CONDITIONS
Authors: AZHUVALAPPIL ZAREENA , FAN XUETONG , GEVEKE DAVID J. , ZHANG HOWARD Q. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT Three processing techniques: heat, pulsed electric field (PEF) and ultraviolet (UV) light were optimized to achieve a similar 6 log reduction of inoculated Escherichia coli K12 in apple cider. Microbial populations (total aerobic and yeast and mold), sensory, color and physical properties (pH and°Brix) of processed apple cider were investigated during 4‐week storage at 4C. PEF and thermally processed cider maintained good microbial quality during 4 weeks of storage while UV‐treated cider showed a significant (P < 0.05) growth in yeast and mold after 2 weeks of storage. As a result,°Brix value decreased significantly (P < 0.05) for UV cider after 4 weeks of storage. Apple cider pH was neither affected by any treatment nor by storage. Thermal and UV‐pasteurized ciders faded significantly (P < 0.05) during storage (International Commission on Illumination L*[lightness] and b*[yellow] values increased) compared to PEF cider. Triangle sensory analysis indicated a significant difference (P < 0.05) in aroma between treatments. PEF‐treated cider was preferred over thermal and UV cider by sensory panelists at the end of the storage period. The results suggested that PEF‐treated apple cider had a longer shelf life than UV‐treated cider and a better aroma and color than thermally processed sample.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSNonthermal processes like pulsed electric field (PEF) and ultraviolet (UV) light are developed as alternative pasteurization technologies to heat for their efficacy to extend shelf life and enhance the safety of fresh juice while preserving organoleptic and nutritional qualities. For fair comparison of the effects on quality of juice, both thermal and nonthermal processes must achieve equivalent reduction in microorganism levels. In the present study, the effect of PEF, UV and thermal techniques on apple cider quality are compared at conditions optimized to achieve equivalent 6 log reductions in Escherichia coli. Our results showed that PEF extended the shelf‐life of apple cider by inactivating spoilage microorganisms compared to UV processing, and better preserved the freshness (aroma and color) over traditional thermal processing. Based on these results, PEF process is the best choice among the three technologies studied.
EFFICACY OF ELECTROLYZED OXIDIZING (EO) WATER AND CHLORINATED WATER FOR INACTIVATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI O157:H7 ON STRAWBERRIES AND BROCCOLI
Authors: HUNG Y.‐C. , TILLY P. , KIM C. 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT Inoculated strawberries were treated with deionized water (control), electrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water (23 and 55 mg/L of residual chlorine), and chlorinated water (55 mg/L of residual chlorine), either with or without ultrasonication. Inoculated broccoli was treated with EO water containing 55 and 100 mg/L of residual chlorine and chlorinated water with 100 mg/L of residual chlorine. Treatments were conducted for 1 and 5 min at temperatures of 4 and 24C, respectively. Dipping strawberries and broccoli into EO water or chlorinated water significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the Escherichia coli O157:H7 counts compared with inoculated controls. Dipping inoculated strawberries with chlorinated water or EO water with ultrasonication reduced E. coli O157:H7 cells by 0.7 to 1.9 log cfu/g depending on the treatment time and treatment solution temperature. Dipping inoculated broccoli into chlorinated water or EO water with ultrasonication for 1 or 5 min reduced the bacterial population by 1.2 to 2.2 log cfu/g. Significant (P < 0.05) reductions in pathogen populations were observed when produce was treated with EO water in conjunction with ultrasonication. Results revealed that EO water was either more than or as effective as chlorinated water in killing E. coli O157:H7 cells on strawberries and broccoli.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSElectrolyzed oxidizing (EO) water could be used as a washing treatment to help ensure the safety of strawberries and broccoli. EO water is also more effective than chlorinated water with the same residual chlorine content to inactivate Escherichia coli O157:H7 on strawberries and broccoli.
EFFECT OF DRIED MORINGA (MORINGA OLEIFERA LAM) LEAVES ON RHEOLOGICAL, MICROSTRUCTURAL, NUTRITIONAL, TEXTURAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF COOKIES
Authors: DACHANA K.B. , RAJIV JYOTSNA , INDRANI D. , PRAKASH JAMUNA 
Published: October 2010

ABSTRACT Effect of replacement of wheat flour with 5, 10 and 15% dried moringa leaves (Moringa oleifera Lam) powder (DML) on the rheological, microstructural, nutritional and quality characteristics of cookies was studied. Incorporation of increasing amount of DML from 0 to 15% increased farinograph water absorption and decreased dough stability, amylograph pasting temperature and peak viscosity. Use of DML increased dough hardness and decreased cohesiveness and spread ratio of cookies. Sensory evaluation showed that cookies incorporated with 10% DML powder were acceptable. Microstructure studies showed calcium oxalate crystals in both DML powder and cookies with DML. The starch granules appeared wrapped in cookies with 10 and 15% DML. Protein, iron, calcium, β‐carotene and dietary fiber contents increased with increasing amount of DML from 0 to 15%. The results showed the possibility of utilizing DML to improve the nutritional characteristics of cookies.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS Moringa oleifera Lam. is a popular, fast‐growing plant widely available in India. The leaves of moringa are used as a vegetable. The leaves are rich in protein, β‐carotene, iron, calcium and fiber. Tender moringa leaves are used in dhal, soup, salad and as a substitute for spinach. The leaves also possess many medicinal properties.The baking industry in India is growing at a very fast rate and the demand for health bakery products is increasing. Biscuits and cookies generally prepared from refined wheat flour are deficient in proteins, vitamins, minerals and fiber. Use of moringa leaves in cookies not only improves nutritional value but also brings in a familiar taste. The baking industry can exploit moringa leaves as a natural and inexpensive source of nutrients to produce nutritionally superior cookies.
Using the full spectral capacity (six channels) of a real‐time PCR instrument can simplify diagnostic laboratory screening and typing protocols for pandemic H1N1 influenza
Authors: Hopkins Mark J. , Moorcroft Jay F. , Correia Jailson B , Hart Ian J. 
Published: October 2010

Please cite this paper as: Hopkins et al. (2011) Using the full spectral capacity (six channels) of a real‐time PCR instrument can simplify diagnostic laboratory screening and typing protocols for pandemic H1N1 influenza. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 5(2), 110–114.Background  Timely reporting of influenza A virus subtype affects patient management. Real‐time PCR is a rapid and sensitive method routinely used to characterise viral nucleic acid, but the full spectral capability of the instruments is not employed.Objectives  To evaluate a hexaplex real‐time PCR assay (Flu‐6plx assay) capable of detecting influenza A and B, hMPV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and distinguishing 2008 ‘human’ influenza A/H1 from 2009 pandemic A/H1 subtypes.Methods  Respiratory specimens (n = 213) were tested using the Flu‐6plx assay and a further four monoplex PCRs targeting hMPV, RSV, influenza A and B. The FDA‐approved ProFlu ST test was used to validate the Flu‐6plx PCR influenza A/H1 subtyping components. Discrepant 2009 pandemic A/H1 results were further tested using the CDC swine H1 assay.Results  The Flu‐6plx assay had excellent sensitivity identifying 106/106 influenza A RNA–positive samples. The ProFlu ST test was a less sensitive subtyping test, and discrepant analysis could not confirm A/H1 status for four samples resulting in Flu‐6plx PCR specificities of 98% and 95% for human A/H1 and 2009 pandemic A/H1, respectively. Co‐infection affected the sensitivity of the Flu‐6plx PCR hMPV component whereby low‐level hMPV RNA could be masked by much higher concentrations of influenza A virus RNA.Conclusions  The Flu‐6plx assay is a sensitive and specific test for the universal detection of influenza A infection and determination of A/H1 subtype. Concomitant detection of influenza B, hMPV and RSV demonstrates the utility of hexaplex real‐time PCRs in viral diagnostics.
Rapid detection of the pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus M gene by real‐time and gel‐based RT‐PCR assays
Authors: Ma Wenjun , Oberst Richard , Li Xi , Clouser Deborah , Hesse Richard , Rowland Raymond , Richt Juergen A. 
Published: October 2010

Please cite this paper as: Ma et al. (2010) Rapid detection of the pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus M gene by real‐time and gel‐based RT‐PCR assays. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 4(6), 397–403.Background  Since the first pandemic 2009 H1N1 (pH1N1) virus was isolated from humans, it has also been detected in other mammalian (pigs, cats, dogs, ferrets) and avian (turkey) species, most likely because of cross‐species transmission from humans. The pH1N1 contains six genes derived from swine influenza viruses (SIVs) currently circulating in North America of human‐ (PB1), avian‐ (PB2, PA), and swine‐ (HA, NP, and NS) origin and two genes (NA and M) derived from Eurasian SIVs. The novel genetic composition of pH1N1 necessitates development of novel molecular and serological assays to differentiate the pH1N1 virus from circulating human, swine, turkey, canine, and feline influenza viruses.Methods  To detect and discriminate the pH1N1 from currently circulating SIVs in North America, we developed and evaluated a TaqMan probe‐based real‐time and a gel‐based RT‐PCR assay, both targeting the pH1N1 matrix gene.Results  The real‐time and gel‐based RT‐PCR assays were able to specifically detect the pH1N1 M gene and differentiate it from SIVs circulating in North America, including the classical and novel human‐like H1N1 influenza virus as well as H1, H2, and H3 subtype triple reassortant SIVs. Both assays were highly sensitive and specific for the pH1N1 virus.Conclusions  The newly developed pH1N1‐specific real‐time and gel‐based RT‐PCR assays can be used to detect and differentiate the pH1N1 virus from currently circulating SIVs in North America. We suggest a combinational diagnostic approach where the real‐time RT‐PCR is used for high‐throughput detection of influenza positive or suspect samples and the gel‐based RT‐PCR for confirmation and sequencing of the M‐gene.
Treatment of traumatic tracheal collapse with extraluminal titanium mesh screens
Authors: Graham S. B. , Schilpp D. , Bradley W. M. , Cook G. , Gayle J. 
Published: October 2010

SummaryA 12‐year‐old Thoroughbred gelding presented with a history of exercise intolerance and inspiratory stridor. Physical examination revealed a blunt crush injury to the ventral neck and underlying trachea of unknown duration. Tracheoscopy revealed agrade 3tracheal collapse. Surgical management of the case involved placement of extraluminal titanium mesh screens circumferentially around the trachea for complete support. During the period of hospitalisation, the only post operative complication was seroma formation, which resolved with routine care. Follow‐up after 5 years revealed no further evidence of exercise intolerance, inspiratory dyspnoea or stridor. The horse returned to his previous level of work as a show hunter.
The use of an absorbable bone screw as a transphyseal bridge for the correction of fetlock varus deviations in six foals
Authors: Wall R. A. , Robinson P. , Adkins A. R. 
Published: October 2010

SummaryThis report describes and evaluates the use of a single‐positional absorbable screw (Smart Screw)1as a temporary transphyseal bridge of the lateral aspect of the distal metacarpus in 6 foals with fetlock varus deformities. Using radiographic and visual assessments, an improvement in the severity of the deviation was identified in all cases. There were no complications encountered during screw placement or post operatively.The use of absorbable screws in the treatment of angular limb deformities in foals has potential and offers several advantages over the use of traditional stainless steel implants.
Episodic collapse in the horse
Authors: Lyle C. H. , Keen J. A. 
Published: October 2010

SummaryThe term ‘collapse’ can be used to describe a variety of incidents in which a horse loses postural tone with or without progression to recumbency and with or without loss of consciousness. Depending on the aetiology of the condition the episode may be self‐limiting and may or may not recur. Alternatively the collapse may be secondary to serious injury or disease and require veterinary intervention. This article mainly discusses investigation of the former scenario of self‐limiting single or multiple episodes of collapse in apparently healthy horses. An overview of the various causes of collapse is followed by a suggested approach to the diagnosis of these challenging cases.