bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eine neue Waffe gegen pathogene Bakterien?
Authors: Schumann Wolfgang 
Published: December 2011

AbstractGentechnisch‐veränderte Escherichia coli‐Zellen detektieren den aggressiven Krankheitskeim Pseudomonas aeruginosa und töten ihn ab. Dabei macht sich das neue Verfahren zwei besondere Fähigkeiten von Bakterien zu Nutze: das Quorum Sensing und die Sekretion von Bacteriocinen.
Antifungal Metabolites from the Roots of Diospyros virginiana by Overpressure Layer Chromatography
Authors: Wang Xiaoning , Habib Eman , León Francisco , Radwan Mohamed M. , Tabanca Nurhayat , Gao Jiangtao , Wedge David E. , Cutler Stephen J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractA preparative overpressure layer chromatography (OPLC) method was successfully used for the separation of two new natural compounds, 4‐hydroxy‐5,6‐dimethoxynaphthalene‐2‐carbaldehyde (1) and 12,13‐didehydro‐20,29‐dihydrobetulin (2) together with nine known compounds, including 7‐methyljuglone (3), diospyrin (4), isodiospyrin (5), shinanolone (6), lupeol (7), betulin (8), betulinic acid (9), betulinaldehyde (10), and ursolic acid (11) from the acetone extract of the roots of Diospyros virginiana. Their identification was accomplished by 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy and HR‐ESI‐MS methods. All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activities against Colletotrichum fragariae, C. gloeosporioides, C. acutatum, Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum, Phomopsis obscurans, and P. viticola using in vitro micro‐dilution broth assay. The results indicated that compounds 3 and 5 showed high antifungal activity against P. obscurans at 30 μM with 97.0 and 81.4% growth inhibition, and moderate activity against P. viticola (54.3 and 36.6%). It appears that an optimized OPLC system offers a rapid and efficient method of exploiting bioactive natural products.
Novel use of a pericardium‐covered stent graft to treat bulky coronary artery thrombus
Authors: Gunn Julian , Siotia Anjan , Malkin Christopher J. , Iqbal Javaid , Raina Tushar , Morton Allison C. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractObjectives: We studied the acute safety and feasibility of a pericardium‐covered stent (PCS) in the obliteration of massive coronary thrombus. Background: Thrombus is frequently encountered in the setting of acute myocardial infarction, and conventional pharmacological and aspiration approaches are not always successful in dispersing or removing it, especially when it is very substantial. Methods: We treated nine patients (10 lesions) in the setting of an acute coronary syndrome characterized by the presence of substantial (TIMI grade 3–4) thrombus in a large caliber native coronary artery, persisting after conventional treatment, with percutaneous implantation of an equine PCS graft. Nine of 10 lesions were in large right coronary arteries. Results: Deployment was successful in nine of 10 lesions. In all nine cases, the filling defect was immediately eliminated and there was restoration or maintenance of TIMI grade 3 blood flow. There was one in‐hospital stent thrombosis in a 56‐year‐old male, who had only received aspirin due to a coexistent stroke. This patient underwent successful repeat percutaneous intervention but died later of complications of the stroke. There were no 30‐day events, and medium‐term follow‐up continues. Conclusions: A PCS graft is a potentially useful device to treat massive thrombus burden in the setting of acute coronary syndrome. A larger study is warranted. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Double‐vessel coronary stenting via 5 french diagnostic catheters
Authors: Khattab Ahmed A. , Shrestha Nikesh Raj , Meier Bernhard 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe authors report on the use of 5 French diagnostic catheters to deliver a stent‐on‐a‐wire system during a double vessel coronary intervention. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rhodium Carbene Complexes as Versatile Catalyst Precursors for SiH Bond Activation
Authors: Krüger Anneke , Albrecht Martin 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRhodium(III) complexes comprising monoanionic C,C,C‐tridentate dicarbene ligands activate SiH bonds and catalyse the hydrolysis of hydrosilanes to form silanols and siloxanes with concomitant release of H2. In dry MeNO2, selective formation of siloxanes takes place, while changing conditions to wet THF produces silanols exclusively. Silyl ethers are formed when ROH is used as substrate, thus providing a mild route towards the protection of alcohols with H2 as the only by‐product. With alkynes, comparably fast hydrosilylation takes place, while carbonyl groups are unaffected. Further expansion of the SiH bond activation to dihydrosilanes afforded silicones and polysilyl ethers. Mechanistic investigations using deuterated silane revealed deuterium incorporation into the abnormal carbene ligand and thus suggests a ligand‐assisted mechanism involving heterolytic SiH bond cleavage.
Design, Synthesis, Evaluation, and Structure of Vitamin D Analogues with Furan Side Chains
Authors: Fraga Ramón , Zacconi Flavia , Sussman Fredy , Ordóñez‐Morán Paloma , Muñoz Alberto , Huet Tiphaine , Molnár Ferdinand , Moras Dino , Rochel Natacha , Maestro Miguel , Mouriño Antonio 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBased on the crystal structures of human vitamin D receptor (hVDR) bound to 1α,25‐dihydroxy‐vitamin D3 (1,25 D) and superagonist ligands, we previously designed new superagonist ligands with a tetrahydrofuran ring at the side chain that optimize the aliphatic side‐chain conformation through an entropy benefit. Following a similar strategy, four novel vitamin D analogues with aromatic furan side chains (3 a, 3 b, 4 a, 4 b) have now been developed. The triene system has been constructed by an efficient stereoselective intramolecular cyclization of an enol triflate (A‐ring precursor) followed by a Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of the resulting intermediate with an alkenyl boronic ester (CD‐side chain, upper fragment). The furan side chains have been constructed by gold chemistry. These analogues exhibit significant pro‐differentiation effects and transactivation potency. The crystal structure of 3 a in a complex with the ligand‐binding domain of hVDR revealed that the side‐chain furanic ring adopts two conformations.
Electrochemical “Signal‐On” Reporter for Amyloid Aggregates
Authors: Beheshti Samaneh , Martić Sanela , Kraatz Heinz‐Bernhard 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of four new Ferrocene (Fc) bioconjugates, bearing a podant (Lys)‐Leu‐Val‐Phe‐Phe motif, namely the hydrophobic sequence of amyloid‐β‐peptides (Aβ), is reported. The Fc‐peptide conjugates are characterized by a reversible redox activity and the ability to undergo hydrophobic and hydrogen bonding interactions. Biomolecular interactions between Fc‐bioconjugates with Aβ12–28 fragments were studied by circular dichroism (CD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and electrochemistry. All four Fc‐peptides interacted favourable with Aβ12–28 and prevented fibril formation, the extent of which depended on the length of the peptide and the nature of the C‐terminal group. The aggregates obtained for the Aβ12–28/Fc‐peptide mixtures range from short fibrils to spherical aggregates. We demonstrated that in solution the peptide sequence and peptide charge affect the biomolecular interactions. Fc‐peptide interactions with immobilized Aβ12–28‐Cys films on Au surfaces were detected by measuring the current response of the Fc redox process. The formal redox potential, E0, at ∼440 (10) mV and ipc/ipa at 0.9 were observed characteristic for the monosubstituted Fc‐derivative undergoing a one‐electron redox process. On the surface, methyl ester‐protected Fc‐peptides (1 and 3) interacted only weakly with Aβ12–28‐Cys films, giving rise to minimal redox activity. In contrast, charged Fc‐peptides (2 and 4) gave a significant electrochemical readout following the interaction with Aβ12−28‐Cys films. Interestingly, the Fc‐peptide charge dictates the surface‐assisted interactions, while hydrophobic and ionic effects contribute to the overall solution behaviour of the Fc‐bioconjugates with Aβ12–28.
Nachträgliche Horizontalabdichtung von Bruchsteinmauerwerk mittels Injektionsverfahren
Authors: Balak Michael 
Published: December 2011

AbstractIm Rahmen des Forschungsprojektes “Hydrophobierende und/oder porenverschließende Injektionsmittel“ (gefördert durch die FFG Forschungsförderungsgesellschaft) wurden die Wirksamkeit und die Anwendungsgrenzen von hydrophobierenden und/oder porenverschließenden Injektionsmitteln zur nachträglichen Horizontalabdichtung von Bruchsteinmauerwerk unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Einbringungsart untersucht.In Abhängigkeit des Durchfeuchtungsgrades (gering, mittel, hoch) und der Einbringungsart (Hohldochtverfahren, Infusionsschlauchverfahren, Injektionscremeverfahren, Druckverfahren) wurde die Wirksamkeit von sieben Injektionsmitteln an vier unterschiedlichen in der Wiener Bausubstanz häufig vorkommenden Gesteinstypen (St. Margarethener Kalksandstein, Leithakalk, Rohrbacher Konglomerat, Quarzsandstein aus der Flyschzone) im Labor, an Versuchspfeilern und an zwei Objekten untersucht.Die Untersuchungen haben hinsichtlich des Einsatzes von hydrophobierenden und/oder porenverschließenden Injektionsmitteln zur nachträglichen Horizontalabdichtung von Bruchsteinmauerwerk sehr unterschiedliche Ergebnisse gebracht, wodurch an jedem Objekt vor Durchführung der Injektionsarbeiten im Rahmen der Bauwerksdiagnostik eine Gesteinserkundung hinsichtlich der physikalischen Eigenschaften zur Auswahl objektspezifisch geeigneter Injektionsmittel erforderlich ist.Post‐construction horizontal waterproofing of quarry stone masonry by means of injection technology. In the context of the research project Hydrophobic and/or capillary‐obstructing injection materials, subsidised by the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG), hydrophobic and/or capillary‐obstructing injection materials for post‐construction horizontal waterproofing of quarry stone masonry were tested with regard to effectiveness and limitations of application, in consideration of the way in which the injection material is introduced.The effectiveness of seven injection materials was tested on four different types of stone that are typical of masonry in Vienna (St. Margarethen sandy limestone, Leitha limestone, Rohrbach conglomerate, and quartz sandstone from the Flysch zone), for different degrees of dampness (low, medium, high) and different ways of introducing the sealing material (cardboard tube, flexible plastic tube, paste injection, pressure injection). The tests were carried out in the laboratory, on test pillars built for this purpose and two buildings.Regarding the effects of hydrophobic and/or capillary‐obstructing injection materials for post‐construction horizontal waterproofing of quarry stone masonry, the tests performed have shown highly diverse results: therefore, before injections are applied, it is necessary in each case to analyse the physical properties of the masonry in question in the context of building diagnostics in order to be able to select an injection material that is suitable for this object.
Cellular properties of principal neurons in the rat entorhinal cortex. II. The medial entorhinal cortex
Authors: Canto Cathrin B. , Witter Menno P. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractPrincipal neurons in different medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) layers show variations in spatial modulation that stabilize between 15 and 30 days postnatally. These in vivo variations are likely due to differences in intrinsic membrane properties and integrative capacities of neurons. The latter depends on inputs and thus potentially on the morphology of principal neurons. In this comprehensive study, we systematically compared the morphological and physiological characteristics of principal neurons in all MEC layers of newborn rats before and after weaning. We recorded simultaneously from up to four post‐hoc morphologically identified MEC principal neurons in vitro. Neurons in L(ayer) I‐LIII have dendritic and axonal arbors mainly in superficial layers, and LVI neurons mainly in deep layers. The dendritic and axonal trees of part of LV neurons diverge throughout all layers. Physiological properties of principal neurons differ between layers. In LII, most neurons have a prominent sag potential, resonance and membrane oscillations. Neurons in LIII and LVI fire relatively regular, and lack sag potentials and membrane oscillations. LV neurons show the most prominent spike‐frequency adaptation and highest input resistance. The data indicate that adult‐like principal neuron types can be differentiated early on during postnatal development. The results of the accompanying paper, in which principal neurons in the lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) were described (Canto and Witter,2011), revealed that significant differences between LEC and MEC exist mainly in LII neurons. We therefore systematically analyzed changes in LII biophysical properties along the mediolateral axis of MEC and LEC. There is a gradient in properties typical for MEC LII neurons. These properties are most pronounced in medially located neurons and become less apparent in more laterally positioned ones. This gradient continues into LEC, such that in LEC medially positioned neurons share some properties with adjacent MEC cells. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of RingA‐Modified Baicalein Derivatives
Authors: Wang Jun‐Fei , Ding Ning , Zhang Wei , Wang Peng , Li Ying‐Xia 
Published: December 2011

AbstractBaicalein, an important active constituent of the traditional Chinese herbScutellaria baicalensis, exhibited antitumor activity and inhibitory activity against P‐gp 170. The syntheses of 25 baicalein derivatives,2–26(Table), are described here (Scheme 1). These compounds were systematically modified withO‐alkylation andO‐acylation at HOC(5), HOC(6), and HOC(7), singly or in combination, on the ringAof baicalein in order to evaluate the effects of such modifications on their inhibitory activities against multidrug‐resistant tumor cell lines and P‐gp 170. Highly selective and efficient alkylations at HOC(7) of peracetylated baicalein were the key to the distinction between HOC(6) and HOC(7) of baicalein.
Huangqiyenins G – J, Four New 9,10‐Secocycloartane (=9,19‐Cyclo‐9,10‐secolanostane) Triterpenoidal Saponins from Astragalus membranaceusBunge Leaves
Authors: Kuang Hai‐Xue , Wang Qiu‐Hong , Yang Bing‐You , Wang Zhi‐Bin , Okada Yoshihito , Okuyama Tohru 
Published: December 2011

AbstractFour new 9,10‐secocycloartane (=9,19‐cyclo‐9,10‐secolanostane) triterpenoidal saponins, named huangqiyenins G–J (1–4, resp.), were isolated from Astragalus membranaceus Bunge leaves. The acid hydrolysis of 1–4 with 1M aqueous HCl yielded D‐glucose, which was identified by GC analysis after treatment with L‐cysteine methyl ester hydrochloride. The structures of 1–4 were established by detailed spectroscopic analysis as (3β,6α,10α,16β,24E)‐3,6‐bis(acetyloxy)‐10,16‐dihydroxy‐12‐oxo‐9,19‐cyclo‐9,10‐secolanosta‐9(11),24‐dien‐26‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (1), (3β,6a,10α,24E)‐3,6‐bis(acetyloxy)‐10‐hydroxy‐12,16‐dioxo‐9,19‐cyclo‐9,10‐secolanosta‐9(11),24‐dien‐26‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (2), (3β,6α,9α,10α,16β,24E)‐3,6‐bis(acetyloxy)‐9,10,16‐trihydroxy‐9,19‐cyclo‐9,10‐secolanosta‐11,24‐dien‐26‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (3), and (3β,6α,10α,24E)‐3,6‐bis(acetyloxy)‐10‐hydroxy‐16‐oxo‐9,19‐cyclo‐9,10‐secolanosta‐9(11),24‐dien‐26‐yl β‐D‐glucopyranoside (4).
Exposure to oral bisphosphonates and risk of cancer
Authors: Cardwell Chris R. , Abnet Christian C. , Veal Philip , Hughes Carmel M. , Cantwell Marie M. , Murray Liam J. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractRecently, oral bisphosphonate use has increased markedly in the United States and elsewhere. Little is known about cancer risks associated with these drugs. A few studies have observed associations between bisphosphonates and the risk of breast, colorectal and esophageal cancer. However, the risk of all cancer and the risk of other cancers have not been investigated. In our study, we examined the risk of all cancer and site specific cancers in individuals taking bisphosphonates. Data were extracted from the UK General Practice Research Database to compare site‐specific cancer incidence in a cohort of oral bisphosphonate users and a control cohort. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using Cox regression modeling. The bisphosphonate and control cohort contained 41,826 participants (mean age 70, 81% female). Overall, the bisphosphonate cohort compared with the control cohort had a reduced risk of all cancer after any bisphosphonate usage [HR = 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.82, 0.92]. In the bisphosphonate cohort, compared with the control cohort, there was no evidence of a difference in the risk of lung (HR = 1.03, 95% CI 0.88, 1.20) or prostate cancer (HR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.67, 1.09) but breast (HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.62, 0.81) and colorectal cancer (HR = 0.74, 95% CI, 0.60–0.91) were both reduced. Our findings indicate that bisphosphonates do not appear to increase cancer risk. Although reductions in breast and colorectal cancer incidence were observed in bisphosphonate users it is unclear, particularly for breast cancer, to what extent confounding by low bone density may explain the association.
Diabetes and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinomas
Authors: Jiang Xuejuan , Bernstein Leslie , Tseng Chiu‐Chen , Wu Anna H. 
Published: December 2011

AbstractDiabetes has been consistently associated with an increased risk of liver, pancreas and endometrial cancer and has been implicated as a risk factor for esophageal and gastric cancers, although this association has been less well studied. We sought to determine the role of diabetes in the etiology of esophageal, gastric cardia and distal gastric adenocarcinomas (DGAs). This analysis included patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) (n = 209), gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) (n = 257) and DGA (n = 382), and 1,309 control participants from a population‐based case–control study conducted in Los Angeles County. The study included non‐Hispanic whites, African Americans, Hispanics and Asian Americans. The association of diabetes with the three tumor types was estimated using polytomous logistic regression. Odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. Nine percent of control participants and 13% of the case patients reported a history of diabetes. After adjustment for age, gender, race, birthplace, education, cigarette smoking status and body mass index, diabetes was associated with an increased risk of EA (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.94–2.32; p = 0.089) and DGA (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.01–2.15; p = 0.045), but was not associated with risk of GCA (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.59–1.55; p = 0.87). However, the association between diabetes and risk of DGA was statistically significant only among patients for whom we interviewed their next of kin. Our study further investigated the association between diabetes and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and distal stomach.
DNA methylation contributes to the regulation of sclerostin expression in human osteocytes
Authors: Delgado-Calle Jesús , Sañudo Carolina , Bolado Alfonso , Fernández Agustín F , Arozamena Jana , Pascual-Carra María A , Rodriguez-Rey José C , Fraga Mario F , Bonewald Lynda , Riancho José A 
Published: December 2011

Abstract
Sclerostin, encoded by the SOST gene, is a potent inhibitor of bone formation, produced by osteocytes, not by osteoblasts, but little is known about the molecular mechanisms controlling its expression. We aimed to test the hypothesis that epigenetic mechanisms, specifically DNA methylation, modulate SOST expression. We found two CpG-rich regions in SOST: region 1, located in the proximal promoter, and region 2, around exon 1. qMSP and pyrosequencing analysis of DNA methylation showed that region 2 was largely methylated in all samples analyzed. In contrast, marked differences were observed in region 1. Whereas the CpG-rich region 1 was hypermethylated in osteoblasts, this region was largely hypomethylated in microdissected human osteocytes. Bone lining cells showed a methylation profile between primary osteoblasts and osteocytes. Whereas SOST expression was detected at very low level or not at all by RT-qPCR in several human osteoblastic and nonosteoblastic cell lines, and human primary osteoblasts under basal conditions, it was dramatically upregulated (up to 1300-fold) by the demethylating agent AzadC. Experiments using reporter vectors demonstrated the functional importance of the region −581/+30 of the SOST gene, which contains the CpG-rich region 1. In vitro methylation of this CpG-island impaired nuclear protein binding and led to a 75 ± 12% inhibition of promoter activity. In addition, BMP-2-induced expression of SOST was markedly enhanced in cells demethylated by AzadC. Overall, these results strongly suggest that DNA methylation is involved in the regulation of SOST expression during osteoblast–osteocyte transition, presumably by preventing the binding of transcription factors to the proximal promoter. To our knowledge, our data provide first ever evidence of the involvement of DNA methylation in the regulation of SOST expression and may help to establish convenient experimental models for further studies of human sclerostin. © 2012 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Evaluation of protein‐ligand binding free energy focused on its entropic components
Authors: Chiba Shuntaro , Harano Yuich , Roth Roland , Kinoshita Masahiro , Sakurai Minoru 
Published: December 2011

AbstractThe binding free energy for FK506‐binding protein‐ligand systems is evaluated as a sum of two entropic components, the water‐entropy gain, and the configurational‐entropy loss for the protein and ligand molecules upon the binding. The two entropic components are calculated using morphometric thermodynamics combined with a statistical‐mechanical theory for molecular liquids and the normal mode analysis, respectively. We find that there is an excellent correlation between the calculated and experimental values of the binding free energy. This result is compared with those of several other binding‐free energy calculation methods, including MM‐PB/SA. The binding can well be elucidated by competition of the two entropic components. Upon the protein‐ligand binding, the total volume available to the translational displacement of the coexisting water molecules increases, leading to an increase in the number of accessible configurations of the water. The water‐entropy gain, by which the binding is driven, originates primarily from this effect. This study sheds new light on the theoretical prediction of the protein‐ligand binding free energy. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2011