bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural crest stem cell property of apical pulp cells derived from human developing tooth
Authors: Abe Shigehiro , Hamada Keiichi , Miura Masahiko , Yamaguchi Satoshi 
Published: June 2012

AbstractRecent reports have described that NCSCs (neural crest‐derived stem cells) are not only present in the embryonic neural crest but also in the adult tissues. Dental pulp is one of mesenchymal soft tissues origin from cranial neural crest cells, and thought to be a source of adult stem cells. Here, we investigated the existence of NCSC‐like cells in apical pulp of human developing tooth. Human impacted third molars with immature apex freshly extracted were obtained. The cells derived from the apical pulp tissue not framed by dentin or the coronal pulp tissues were cultured by primary explant culture. APDCs (apical pulp‐derived cells) and CPCs (coronal pulp cells) formed spheres under neurosphere culture condition. The number of spheres from APDCs was larger than that from CPCs. The sphere‐forming cells derived from APDCs had self‐renewal capacity, and expressed neural crest‐associated markers (p75, Snail and Slug) and NSC (neural stem cell) markers (Nestin and Musashi1). The expression pattern of mesenchymal stem cell markers, CD105 and CD166, on the surface of sphere‐forming cells derived APDCs was different from that of APDCs. These sphere‐forming cells could differentiate into multiple mesenchymal lineages (osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes and smooth muscle cells) and neural lineage (neurons) in vitro, and generated ectopic bone tissues on the border of HA (hydroxyapatite) scaffold in vivo. The results of this study suggest that APDCs contain cells with characteristics of NCSCs reported previously in mice. Humans developing tooth with immature apex is an effective source of cells for neural crest lineage tissue regeneration.
Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) for Alcohol and Other Drug Use among Adolescents: Evaluation of a Pediatric Residency Curriculum
Authors: Ryan Sheryl A. , Martel Shara , Pantalon Michael , Martino Steve , Tetrault Jeanette , Thung Stephen F. , Bernstein Steven L. , Auinger Peggy , Green Michael L. , Fiellin David A. , O'Connor Patrick G. , D'Onofrio Gail 
Published: June 2012

The objective of this study was to evaluate the integration of a screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) curriculum for alcohol and other drug use into a pediatric residency program. Pediatric and medicine/pediatric residents in an adolescent medicine rotation located in an urban teaching hospital participated in the study. Main outcome measures were pre- and post-training knowledge scores, performance of the Brief Negotiation Interview (BNI), training satisfaction, and adoption of the BNI into clinical practice. Thirty-four residents were trained. Significant pre- to post-training improvements were seen in knowledge scores ( P < .001) and performance as measured by the BNI Adherence Scale ( P < .001). Residents reported high satisfaction immediately post-training and at 30 days on a 1–5 Likert scale: mean 1.41 to 1.59 (1 = very satisfied) ( P = 0.23). Over a 9-month period, 53% of residents documented performing at least 1 BNI, of which 2/3 reported ≥2 BNIs in a subsequent clinical setting. The results show that integrating a SBIRT curriculum into a pediatric residency program increases residents’ knowledge and skills.
Partial Replacement of Fishmeal with Soybean Meal and Soy Protein Concentrate in Diets of Atlantic Cod
Authors: Colburn Heidi R , Walker Abigail B , Breton Timothy S , Stilwell Justin M , Sidor Inga F , Gannam Ann L , Berlinsky David L 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Juvenile Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (initial weight = 24.1 ± 1.4 g [mean ± SE) were fed diets in which fish meal (FM) was replaced with soy protein concentrate (SPC) and soybean meal (SBM) in isonitrogenous, isocaloric diets for 84 d. A standard marine finfish diet (3 mm, 54% protein, 14% fat) was modified to produce four experimental diets in which 50% of FM was replaced with soy at 0:1, 1:1, or 1:2 ratios of SPC:SBM and 100% FM replacement with a 1:1 ratio of SPC:SBM. No differences in mortality or feed intake were detected among treatments, and fish fed the 50% FM replacement diets, in any combination, grew as well or better than the control for all variables investigated. Cod fed the 100% FM replacement diet exhibited the lowest growth and differed from the control with respect to final body weight, growth, specific growth rate, and thermal-unit growth coefficient. No enteritis was observed in histological sections. These results indicate that 100% fish meal replacement is not recommended, but 50% replacement can be used without significant reductions in growth or condition indices.
A Submersible Magnetic Stirrer for Use in Measuring Photosynthesis in a Biofloc Technology Production System
Authors: Green Bartholomew W , O’Neal E Gregory 
Published: June 2012

Abstract
Measuring photosynthesis or primary productivity in biofloc technology production systems is challenging because the biofloc must be maintained in suspension constantly. Photosynthesis can be measured in external incubators designed to keep the biofloc suspended in the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) bottle, but primary productivity must be measured in the biofloc technology production system culture unit. Therefore, a submersible device is required to keep the biofloc suspended in the BOD bottle. This report details a submersible, air-powered magnetic stirrer that we designed, fabricated from off-the-shelf materials, and tested in biofloc technology production system tanks.
Cloning, purification, crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction crystallographic study of acyl-protein thioesterase 1 fromSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Yuan Ye , Wang Xiao , Li Xu , Teng Maikun , Niu Liwen , Gao Yongxiang 
Published: June 2012

Palmitoylation/depalmitoylation plays an important role in protein modification. yApt1 is the only enzyme inSaccharomyces cerevisiaethat catalyses depalmitoylation. In the present study, recombinant full-length yApt1 was cloned, expressed, purified and crystallized. The crystals diffracted to 2.40 Å resolution and belonged to space groupP42212, with unit-cell parametersa = b = 146.43,c = 93.29 Å. A preliminary model of the three-dimensional structure has been built and further refinement is ongoing.
Influence of loxP insertion upstream of the cis‐acting packaging domain on adenovirus packaging efficiency
Authors: Kanegae Yumi , Ishimura Masakazu , Kondo Saki , Saito Izumu 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTFirst‐generation AdV enables efficient gene transduction, although its immunogenicity is an important problem in vivo. Helper‐dependent AdV (HD‐AdV) is one possible solution to this problem. The construction of HD‐AdV requires a helper virus, in which the viral packaging domain is flanked by two inserted loxP to hamper its packaging in Cre‐expressing 293 cells. Here, we constructed 19L viruses containing loxP at 191 nt from the left end of the genome upstream of the packaging domain, 15L viruses bearing loxP at 143 nt, and a control ΔL virus lacking loxP at these positions. The 19L position is used worldwide, and the 15L position has been reported to result in a lower titer than that of 19L. When the titers were compared for six pairs of 19L and 15L AdV, the 19L AdV produced titers similar to, or sometimes lower than, the 15L and ΔL AdV, unlike the results of previous reports. We next chose one pair of 15L and 19L AdV that produced titers similar to that of ΔL and a competitor AdV lacking loxP for use in a competition assay. When a small amount of the competitor AdV was co‐infected, both the 15L and the 19L AdV, but not ΔL, gradually became minority components during subsequent viral passages. Therefore, the loxP insertions at 143 nt and 191 nt decreased the viral packaging efficiency.
Expression of 11β‐Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 and Glucocorticoid Receptors in Reproductive Tissue of Male Horses at Different Stages of Sexual Maturity
Authors: Herrera‐Luna CV , Budik S , Helmreich M , Walter I , Aurich C 
Published: June 2012

ContentsGlucocorticoids (GCs) as mediators of the stress response may affect Leydig cell function by inhibiting either luteinizing hormone receptor expression or testosterone biosynthesis. The isozymes 11β‐hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) 1 and 11βHSD2 control the intracellular cortisol levels. Little is known about the effects of stress on fertility in the equine. The objective of the present study was to determine the presence and cellular localization of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) and glucocorticoid‐metabolizing enzymes (11βHSD1 and 11βHSD2) in equine epididymal and testicular tissue with special regard to sexual maturation. Testicular and epididymal tissue was collected from 21 healthy stallions, and four age groups were designed: pre‐pubertal, young, mature and older horses. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis and quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) were used. Pre‐pubertal horses showed higher testicular gene expression of 11βHSD1, 11βHSD2 and GCR than horses of all other groups (p < 0.05). A positive intranuclear immunoreaction for GCR was seen in epithelial cells of caput, corpus and cauda epididymidis and in Leydig cells. Significant differences (p < 0.05) between age groups occurred. The number of Leydig cells staining positive for GCR was highest in immature stallions (p < 0.05). The enzyme 11βHSD1 was localized in epithelial cells of the caput and corpus epididymidis and in Leydig cells. As determined by enzyme assay, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)‐dependant dehydrogenase (oxidation) activity was not detected in testicular tissue from immature stallions but in all other age groups (n = 3 per group). Results of this study suggest a contribution of GCs to maturation of male reproductive tissue in horses. In mature stallions, expression of 11βHSD enzymes and the oxidative 11βHSD activity in Leydig cells and epididymal basal and principal cells suggest a protective role on these tissues contributing to physiological intracellular glucocorticoid concentrations.
Tiron protects against UVB‐induced senescence‐like characteristics in human dermal fibroblasts by the inhibition of superoxide anion production and glutathione depletion
Authors: Fang Yong , Hu Xiao‐Hui , Jia Zhi‐Gang , Xu Mang‐Hua , Guo Zhu‐Ying , Gao Feng‐Hou 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTBackground/Objectives:  Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are generated by UV irradiation, may induce an irreversible growth arrest similar to senescence. Tiron, 4,5‐dihydroxy‐1,3‐benzene disulfonic acid, is a widely used antioxidant to rescue ROS‐evoked cell death. The aim of the article was to explore the effects of tiron on skin photoaging and associated mechanisms.Methods:  The effects of tiron on cell proliferation were determined using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐Yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide. Senescent cells were determined by morphology and senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase activity analysis. Intracellular hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and glutathione concentration were analysed by a fluorescent probe. The concomitant changes of protein expression were analysed with Western blot.Results:  Human dermal fibroblasts were induced to premature senescence by sub‐cytotoxic doses of irradiated UVB. Strong senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase activity and increased intracellular superoxide anion were observed in human dermal fibroblasts irradiated by UVB. Tiron blocks UVB‐induced glutathione depletion and increase of superoxide anion and protects against UVB‐induced senescence‐like characteristics in human dermal fibroblasts. Compared with normal fibroblasts, UVB‐irradiated human dermal fibroblasts showed a higher ratio of active (hypophosphorylated) to inactive (phosphorylated) forms of Rb and p38, upregulation of p53 or p16 and c‐Myc and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) downregulation. After treatment with tiron, p53, p16 c‐Myc and IGF‐1 as well as phosphorylation Rb and p38 could partially recover.Conclusion:  These results indicate that tiron protects against UVB‐induced senescence‐like characteristics in human dermal fibroblasts via the inhibition of production of superoxide anion and glutathione depletion, and modulation of related senescence proteins.
A superposition approach to the stress fields for various blunt V‐notches
Authors: KIM J. K. , CHO S. B. 
Published: June 2012

ABSTRACTThis paper deals with the problems of blunt V‐notch with various notch shapes. The purpose is to develop a new method capable of obtaining more accurate solutions for the stress fields around a blunt V‐notch tip under opening and sliding modes. The key method is to use the principle of superposition for linear elastic materials. On the basis of the superposition method and the conventional stress fields for a sharp V‐notch, the stress fields useful for any shapes of blunt V‐notch is proposed. The notch stress intensity factors are estimated by the numerical analysis with finite element analysis, and then the effectiveness and validation of the proposed superposition approach are discussed by comparison with the results from the literature.
Pediatric patients with disabilities – assessment of satisfaction with anesthesia
Authors: Schiff Jan‐H. , Russ Nicolai , Ihringer Katja , Heal Clare , Martin Eike , Walther Andreas 
Published: June 2012

SummaryBackground:  Opinions about satisfaction with care are rarely obtained from disabled children and their carers, and few studies of this type exist in the area of pediatric anesthesia. We specifically aimed to assess groups of children with disabilities and Down syndrome and aimed to identify factors influencing satisfaction in these groups.Methods:  We assessed two groups of children using the Paediatric Perianesthesia Questionnaire (PPQ). Families with Down syndrome children (Down syndrome group, DSG) were approached via a Down syndrome family support magazine, and families with disabled children were enrolled in hospitals. Two hundred and fifteen disabled children (125 from the journal, 90 from the hospitals) were compared to matching controls without disabilities. Controls were drawn randomly using computer‐generated tables of random numbers using data from the PPQ validation, to match cases for confounding variables.Results:  Satisfaction was lower in both groups with disabilities (P < 0.05) (lowest in the DSG), fewer would choose the hospital or anesthetic department again. In both of the disabled groups, negative comments were related to the anesthetists’ behavior during the consultation, the content of the consultation, and how anxiety was dealt with. Ninety five percent in the DSG reported that the anesthetist had not mentioned or enquired about atlantoaxial instability. Satisfaction was lower than the rest of the respective group if memories of the disclosure of the disabling condition were negative (P = 0.006) or if potential offensive terms had been used during the consultation (P < 0.001).Conclusions:  This is the first study to assess families with disabled children for satisfaction with anesthesia. Our findings suggest that parents of children with disabilities are less satisfied with their anesthetic care than parents of children without disabilities. Potential bias comes from the self‐selection of the DSG and the recall period in this group.
Second Life in education: A review of publications from its launch to 2011
Authors: Wang Feihong , Burton John K. 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe purpose of this review was to explore how Second Life (SL) has been discussed, investigated and applied in education from its launch to present. Two research questions guided the review: (1) what are the annual publication number and its percentage of empirical studies?; (2) what are the characteristics of the empirical studies regarding the academic levels, subject areas, pedagogical frameworks, evolution of research foci, research methods and sample sizes? A total of 107 papers from 68 refereed journals were reviewed. The findings of the review indicated that SL research has outgrown merely envisioning SL for educational purposes and switched to empirical explorations. Most of the empirical studies were conducted in college settings. The research had been most frequently carried out in teacher education, language education, business, hospitality and tourism and computer disciplines. The most recent research focus was to find out issues, problems and factors that might affect SL‐based learning as well as the relevant solutions. This study can contribute to the discussion on the instructional use of SL by providing researchers with a summary of previous attempted studies. Several recommendations for future research are provided based on the findings.Practitioner Notes
What is already known about this topic
Second Life (SL) is currently the most mature and popular virtual world being used in education.
SL has been used by educators to teach and supplement classes.
There are rich anecdotal stories, conference presentations and scholarly publications concerning what educators have been doing in SL.

What this paper adds
An overview of the development and evolution of SL‐related research in education from its launch to present.
Answers to questions, such as “is the educational implementation of SL still in its infancy?,” “what were the subject areas and academic levels that have been explored by researchers?” and “has the research foci evolved throughout the years?”
Assistance to researchers for identifying and locating areas for future explorations.

Implications for practice and/or policy
There are studies, reports and stories that exemplify how SL can be used for language teaching, business, hospitality and tourism, computer studies and so on.
Educators and researchers in K‐12 and adult education can pay more attention to using SL as an instructional tool.
Educators and researchers in the fields such as chemistry and mathematic can explore more about the instructional use of SL.
Spector, J Michael (2012) Foundations of educational technologyRoutledge (London & New York) isbn978‐0‐415‐87471‐7 189 pp £29.99http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415874717/
Authors: Deeson Eric 
Published: June 2012

SummaryThis post‐graduate educational technology textbook from an American guru of the subject claims to match the demands of all relevant US courses and programmes; it surely does so effectively. On the other hand, the definition of educational technology it depends on and teaches does not match the more integrative approach found widely outside the US, making the book less useful elsewhere than it could be.If the content of this book is likely to be relevant to you and your base is the US, I advise that you will probably find parts of the text of interest or use. Otherwise, I would not advise you to buy or borrow a copy (except perhaps for research into the US view of educational technology).Eric Deeson
Carr‐Chellman, Alison A (2011) Instructional design for teachersRoutledge (London & New York) isbn978‐0‐415‐80324‐0 151 pp £23.99http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415803243/Richey, Rita C et al (2011) The instructional design knowledge baseRoutledge (London & New York) isbn 978‐0‐415‐80201‐7 219 pp £27.99http://www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415802017/
Authors: Alghazo Iman M 
Published: June 2012

SummaryCarr‐Chelman's book is very practical, so is useful for teachers at all levels, and is written in very nice simple language that makes it easy for them to understand the main ideas the author is trying to convey. There are many examples in the different chapters that will help the teachers to be able to develop good lessons and other learning packages.On the other hand, Richey et al provide professionals and students at all levels with the foundation for current and emerging id practice. The book is well written and organised. It is very helpful for specialists to gain knowledge about the field of id and to become familiar with the different terms used in the field.If the content of either book is likely to be relevant to you, I recommend that you borrow a copy of it for a while.Iman M Alghazo
Hattie, John (2012) Visible learning for teachersRoutledge (New York & London) isbn978‐0‐415‐69015‐7 269 pp £22.99www.routledge.com/books/details/9780415690157/
Authors: Hartley James 
Published: June 2012

SummaryVisible learning for teachers, written for both new and experienced teachers, discusses data derived from 1000 meta‐analyses of the effectiveness of over 150 different procedures used in teaching. Most of the findings are considered under six main headings: Preparing the classroom; Starting the lesson; The flow of the lesson—learning; The flow of the lesson—feedback; and The end of the lesson.If the content of this book is likely to be relevant to you, I recommend you arrange to borrow a copy.James Hartley
The role of environmental knowledge in young female consumers' evaluation and selection of apparel in South Africa
Authors: Momberg Dinele , Jacobs Bertha , Sonnenberg Nadine 
Published: June 2012

AbstractThe harmful impact of the apparel supply chain on the environment is becoming a global reality. However, consumer awareness of the environmental problems caused by this industry is not always obvious in their apparel buying decisions. A qualitative approach was used to explore young female consumers' existing levels of environmental knowledge, and whether that environmental knowledge is reflected in the evaluation and selection of apparel. Non‐probability purposive sampling was used to ensure the inclusion of young female students (19–22 years old, n = 29). Participants first had to write an essay on the subject of pertinent environmental issues and then participated in a focus group discussion on the evaluation and selection of a t‐shirt. Results suggest that the participants have general environmental knowledge. They have the ability to identify environmental problems as well as the causes and consequences of these environmental problems. However, participants' environmental awareness and their knowledge pertaining to the actual production and supply of environment‐friendly apparel in the South African context were very limited. The results also highlight the product attributes important to the participants when evaluating and selecting apparel such as price, aesthetics and functionality of the garment, but environmental attributes such as organic cotton, locally produced, reduced waste techniques and not using harmful chemicals did not feature high under the attributes participants considered. They prioritized price, aesthetics and fit above other attributes (including environmental attributes). Environmental knowledge was not consciously considered in their general apparel decision making, even though participants indicated that they do care about the environment.