bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polarization dependences of absorption and luminescence spectra on each crystal face of α‐quaterthiophene and α‐quinquethiophene
Authors: Tanaka Shin , Katano Yoshitaka , Kimura Yuki , Yoshinari Takehisa , Nagasaka Shin‐ichiro , Itoh Hiroki , Kuriyama Yasunao 
Published: March 2010

AbstractPolarization dependence of the absorption spectra (ABS) and the luminescence spectra in α‐quaterthiophene (4T) and α‐quinquethiophene (5T) has been measured directly with near normal incident light on the ab, bc, and ca crystal planes of their thick single crystals (SCs). Vibronic excitons (Frenkel excitons) have been observed on each crystal plane of 4T and 5T. The polarizations of the ABS are consistent with the prediction obtained from the MOPAC calculations of the transition dipole moment directions of the molecules in the SCs. Excited electron relaxes to the lowest excited state which is composed of the LUMO states.
Degradation of micromorph silicon solar cells after exposure to 65 MeV protons
Authors: Neitzert Heinz‐Christoph , Labonia Laura , Citro Michele , Delli Veneri Paola , Mercaldo Lucia 
Published: March 2010

AbstractSilicon micromorph tandem solar cells, grown on commercial TCO coated substrates by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition, with an initial efficiency higher than 10%, have been degraded, in order to check their stability under space conditions, by irradiation with 65 MeV protons with fluences ranging from 1012protons/cm2 up to 1014protons/cm2. For low proton fluences we find a stronger decrease of the top amorphous cell photocurrent due to the stronger impact of the proton beam on the glass substrate transparency in the visible wavelength range, as compared to the infrared range. Only for very high fluences a stronger degradation of the photocurrent in the infrared wavelength range where the bottom microcrystalline cell is dominating the spectral response, has been observed. Because the non‐irradiated cell has been found to be spectrally mismatched in favour of the top amorphous cell under AM1.5 and even more under AM0 irradiation conditions, for low and intermediate fluences the irradiation decreases the spectral mismatch of the micromorph tandem cells and results consequently in a relative stabilization of the irradiation induced degradation. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Advantage of plasma‐less deposition: Cat‐CVD fabrication of a‐Si TFT with current drivability equivalent to poly‐Si TFT
Authors: Matsumura Hideki , Ohdaira Keisuke , Nishizaki Shogo 
Published: March 2010

AbstractThis is to study on the advantage of plasma‐less deposition in catalytic chemical vapour deposition (Cat‐CVD), often called hot‐wire CVD. The effects of plasma damage are particularly studied by the performance of amorphous‐silicon thin film transistors (a‐Si TFTs), since it is strongly affected by the property of an interface between a gate insulating film and an a‐Si film. It is found that the plasma damage at the interface affects on off‐current of TFT, and that the off‐current of Cat‐CVD a‐Si TFT is much lower than that of a‐Si TFT in which all films are prepared by the conventional plasma‐enhanced CVD (PECVD). The off‐current of Cat‐CVD a‐Si TFTs is likely to increase and approach to the same level as the off‐current of PECVD a‐Si TFT, when Cat‐CVD a‐Si is exposed to weak plasma. In addition, since the off‐current is so low, when the ratio of the channel width (W) to the channel length (L) is adjusted, the on‐current can be increased up to the same level as the on‐current of poly‐crystalline silicon (poly‐Si) TFT with keeping the off‐current on the same level as that of poly‐Si one. That is, it is concluded that a‐Si TFT with current drivability equivalent to poly‐Si TFT can be produced by using plasma‐less Cat‐CVD method for preparing films used in TFTs. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Instability effects in hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon thin films
Authors: Yilmaz G. , Turan E. , Günes M. , Smirnov V. , Finger F. , Brüggemann R. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractInstability effects on the dark conductivity (σDark) and photoconductivity (σphoto) of microcrystalline silicon films with different microstructures deposited on smooth and rough substrates, after exposure to different storage conditions have been investigated. Samples stored in vacuum are less affected by aging than films stored in air and sealed plastic bags filled with N2 gas. The aging is reversible after annealing at 450 K. Thin films deposited on smooth and rough substrates with the same thickness and silane concentrations (SC) during the same deposition run showed similar aging effects. Thick samples exhibited a decrease in σDark, while both decrease and increase in σDark occur in thin samples after aging. For each sample, σDark and σphoto presented the same type of aging, independent of thickness and type of substrate used. The applicability of the steady‐state photocarrier grating technique was successfully tested on the rough substrates. Light‐induced degradation studies confirm the dependence of the Staebler‐Wronski effect on the crystallinity of the material (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Heavy metal‐induced physiological alterations and oxidative stress in the moss Brachythecium piligerum chad
Authors: Sun Shou‐Qin , He Ming , Wang Gen‐Xu , Cao Tong 
Published: March 2010

AbstractAntioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX)), as well as lipid peroxidation and proline were studied in moss Brachythecium piligerum Card. collected from different sites in Shanghai, China, to validate the physiological parameters as biomarkers of atmospheric heavy metal pollution. Results demonstrated that the responses of POD and CAT activities, as well as MDA and proline contents were in accordance with the heavy metal contents in mosses. That is, POD activity, MDA, and proline content were activated and CAT activity was inhibited in heavier polluted sites, indicating that POD and CAT activities, and MDA and proline contents could be used as biomarkers for biomonitoring atmospheric heavy metal pollution. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2010.
Effect of vaginal progesterone, administered to prevent preterm birth, on impedance to blood flow in fetal and uterine circulation
Authors: Barda G. , Ben‐Haroush A. , Barkat J. , Malinger G. , Luria O. , Golan A. , Bar J. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the effect on the maternal and fetal circulation of progesterone administered to prevent preterm birth.MethodsWe used an observational cohort study design. The study group included 44 women at 18–32 weeks' gestation who presented with an episode of preterm labor, with or without history of delivery before 34 weeks' gestation, or an incidental finding of short cervix (≤ 25 mm). Doppler flow assessment of the umbilical artery, fetal middle cerebral artery and uterine arteries was performed before and 24 h after vaginal administration of progesterone.ResultsSeventeen (38.6%) women gave birth before term, but only nine (20.4%) did so before 34 weeks' gestation. Following progesterone treatment, there was a statistically significant decrease in the pulsatility index of the fetal middle cerebral artery (mean reduction, 18.2%; mean change in pulsatility index, 0.44 (95% CI, 0.25–0.63), P < 0.001), with no changes in the other vessels. Comparison of the women who gave birth before with those who delivered at term yielded no significant differences in Doppler flow parameters in any vessel examined, either before or after progesterone treatment.ConclusionTreatment with vaginal progesterone is associated with a lower pulsatility index in the fetal middle cerebral artery, suggesting a vasodilatory effect on the fetal circulation. Copyright © 2010 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Newborn screening strategies for congenital hypothyroidism: an update
Authors: LaFranchi Stephen H. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractIt is the purpose of this article to briefly review the initial development and subsequent evolution of newborn screening programs to detect infants with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and then to provide an update of the advantages and disadvantages of the main test strategies. Pilot programs began screening newborn populations in North America in the mid‐1970s using either primary thyroxine (T4)‐follow‐up thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or primary TSH testing. Many programs in the United States and around the world continue to prefer a primary T4‐follow‐up TSH test strategy. This approach has the advantage of detecting infants with primary CH, as well as cases of hypopituitary hypothyroidism, by follow‐up of infants with a T4 below an absolute cutoff or with a persistently low T4 level, necessitating a higher recall rate. With increasing assay sensitivity and specificity, several programs in the United States and worldwide have elected to switch to a primary TSH test strategy. This test strategy has the advantage of detecting primary CH and subclinical hypothyroidism and at a lower recall rate. Programs considering switching to a primary TSH test strategy need to develop age‐related TSH cutoffs to maintain an acceptable recall rate. Both test strategies have the potential to detect infants with CH characterized by “delayed TSH rise,” but only if they collect a routine or discretionary second specimen, now recommended in low‐birth‐weight and acutely ill infants. Lastly, a lower TSH cutoff appears to be one of the explanations for the recently described increased incidence of CH.
Adolescent chronic pain‐related functioning: Concordance and discordance of mother‐proxy and self‐report ratings
Authors: Cohen Lindsey L. , Vowles Kevin E. , Eccleston Christopher 
Published: February 2010

AbstractAccurate assessment of adolescent chronic pain is critical to guiding treatment decisions. Given the multifaceted role of the parents in their children's lives, parents, and patients often each provide reports of adolescents’ pain‐related functioning. In order to make sense of these data, clinicians should be aware of patterns of discordance in perspectives. In this study, we aimed to examine concordance and discordance in adolescents’ self‐report and mothers’ proxy‐report of adolescents’ chronic pain‐related functioning. Results suggested that although there were high correlations between the raters, there were also significant discordance with mothers rating their adolescents as having greater disability in social functioning, depression, and pain‐specific anxiety. Analyses suggested that high pain and being older predicted greater concordance in ratings. Findings suggest that mothers and adolescents tended to have greater concordance for more observable and shared disability (e.g., physical disability, family functioning) and greater discordance for internal experiences (e.g., pain‐specific anxiety, depression). Awareness of these patterns of concordance and discordance should help clinicians in interpreting mothers’ proxy‐reports and adolescents’ self‐reports of chronic pain‐related functioning.
The impact of pain spread on the outcome of multidisciplinary therapy in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain – A prospective clinical study in 389 patients
Authors: Moradi Babak , Zahlten‐Hinguranage Anita , Barié Alexander , Caldeira Fernanda , Schnatzer Philipp , Schiltenwolf Marcus , Neubauer Eva 
Published: February 2010

AbstractBackground: Musculoskeletal pain represents a continuous process ranging from single‐site to multiple‐site pain, with an increase in pain sites accompanied by an increasing risk of chronification and the development of further comorbidities. Within this context, the impact of pain spread on therapy outcome is still unknown.Aims: This prospective clinical study aimed to evaluate whether and to what extent patients with pain at multiple sites would also benefit from multidisciplinary therapy or whether therapy success is limited by pain spread.Methods: Patients’ characteristics were assessed, including socio‐demographic variables, occupational and workplace characteristics, pain intensity and dimensions of pain, psychological aspects and functional back capacity, as well as the generic health status. Data were prospectively collected at day 1 (baseline) and at 6‐month follow‐up from a sample of 389 patients undergoing multidisciplinary treatment. Patients were distributed into three groups based on the number of pain sites (single‐site, dual‐site and multiple‐site) and the outcome parameters were compared.Results: All three groups improved significantly from baseline to the 6‐month follow‐up. Compared to patients with multiple‐site pain, patients with single‐site and dual‐site pain displayed significantly better outcome on almost all measures. Only the subcategory mental health of the SF‐36 did not show any statistically significant differences among the three groups.Conclusions: Our results display that patients with two or more pain sites also improve significantly in the outcome measures. Therefore, treatment should be offered independent of the extent of pain spread. However, therapy is significantly less successful in patients with pain at multiple sites.
Total body water and fat-free mass: evaluation of equations based on bioelectrical impedance analysis in infants and young children in India
Authors: Sen Bandana , Mahalanabis Dilip , Kurpad Anura V. , Shaikh Saijuddin , Bose Kaushik 
Published: March 2010

The association of early postnatal growth with diseases in adults such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes and CHD has generated interest in studying postnatal growth. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a useful measure to estimate total body water (TBW) and fat-free mass (FFM). We evaluated three published equations (Fjeld et al. (Pediatr Res (1990) 27, 98–102), Bocage (MSc Thesis (1988) University of West Indies) and Kushner et al. (Am J Clin Nutr (1992) 56, 835–839) to measure TBW and derived FFM based on BIA, using 2H2O dilution as a reference method for suitability in infants in India. In a cross-sectional study in seventy-eight apparently healthy infants aged 6–24 months from the urban poor attending an immunisation clinic at a hospital in Kolkata, we measured their length to the nearest 0·1 cm, weight to the nearest 10 g, resistance at 50 kHz using BIA and TBW using 2H2O dilution. TBW was derived using three published BIA-based equations and compared with TBW using 2H2O dilution. Based on the BIA equations of Fjeld et al., Bocage and Kushner et al., the mean TBW values were 2·46 % (P < 0·001), 4·62 % (P < 0·001) and 9·50 % (P < 0·001) lower than the reference 2H2O method, respectively. All three published BIA-based equations consistently underestimated the TBW and FFM and appeared inadequate for studying infants in India. The equation described by Fjeld et al. gave the smallest deviation from the reference method and may be used for field studies. New equations based on population-specific data are desirable for a more precise measure of TBW.
Tudor antiquaries and the Vita Ædwardi regis
Authors: Summerson Henry 
Published: March 2010

AbstractRecent investigations into the sources of Holinshed's Chronicles, both in the latter's text and in the collections of the late-sixteenth-century antiquaries responsible for its compilation, have brought to light a number of passages derived from the eleventh-century Vita Ædwardi regis, some in Latin and others translated into English. In most cases, corresponding passages occur in the single surviving manuscript of the Vita, but this is not invariably so. It is argued here that the antiquaries had access to a manuscript of the Vita which was at one time in the keeping of John Stow, but has since been lost, and that certain passages missing from the extant manuscript of the Vita can now be reconstructed on the basis of the passages derived from Stow's manuscript. Prominent among them is the complete poem describing the magnificent ship and other gifts given by Earl Godwine to King Edward the Confessor in 1042.
Patent arterial duct, bottle-meal, and fatal myocardial ischaemia
Authors: Fluri Simon , Pavlovic Mladen , Wagner Bendicht P. 
Published: March 2010

AbstractA patent arterial duct in pre-term neonates is frequent. Systemic complications consecutive to left-to-right shunting are well known but fatal myocardial ischaemia has not been described till now. The presented premature baby died from catecholamine refractory cardiogenic shock. Autoptic examination revealed acute ischaemic changes predominantly in the inner third of myocardium, speaking of coronary hypoperfusion due to a steal phenomenon secondary to the patent arterial duct.
Trends and correlates in meat consumption patterns in the US adult population
Authors: Wang Youfa , Beydoun May A , Caballero Benjamin , Gary Tiffany L , Lawrence Robert 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveFew studies have examined recent shifts in meat consumption (MC), differences among US population groups, and the influence of psychosocial–behavioural factors.DesignNationally representative data collected for US adults aged ≥18 years in the 1988–1994 and 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and the 1994–1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals (CSFII) and Diet and Health Knowledge Survey (DHKS) were used.ResultsWe found a U-shaped trend in MC, a decrease between 1988–1994 and 1994–1996, and an increase from 1994–1996 to 1999–2004. NHANES 1988–1994 and 1999–2004 indicate that MC did not change significantly, particularly for all meat, red meat, poultry and seafood. Between 1994–1996 and 1999–2004, average MC, including red meat, poultry, seafood and other meat products, increased in men. Women’s total MC decreased, mainly due to decreased red meat and other meat products, except for increased seafood. Noticeable differences existed in the changes across population groups. Black men had the largest increase in consumption of total meat, poultry and seafood; Mexican American men had the smallest increase in poultry, seafood and other meat products. In 1999–2004, ethnic differences in MC became greater in women than among women in 1994–1996. Associations between MC and energy intake changed over time. Perceived benefit of dietary quality and food label use were associated with reduced red MC.ConclusionsNoticeable differences exist in the shifts in MC across population groups and surveys. MC increased in men but decreased in women in recent years.
Evaluation of the Mini Nutritional Assessment in the elderly, Tehran, Iran
Authors: Amirkalali Bahareh , Sharifi Farshad , Fakhrzadeh Hossein , Mirarefin Mojde , Ghaderpanahi Maryam , Larijani Bagher 
Published: March 2010

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) can screen and diagnose for malnutrition in the Iranian elderly.DesignThe MNA was administered to all volunteers. Each patient underwent anthropometric and serum albumin measurements. Reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificity, positive- and negative-predictive values were estimated. To identify optimal threshold values for predicting malnutrition, receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis was performed for MNA scores.SettingKahrizak Charity Foundation (Tehran, Iran).SubjectsTwo hundred and twenty-one consecutive elderly patients entered into the cross-sectional study. Amputees and patients with liver or renal disorders, oedema or any end-stage diseases were excluded.ResultsAccording to MNA score, 3·2 % were malnourished, 43·4 % were at risk of malnutrition and 53·4 % were well nourished. The proportions in these categories according to ideal body weight and serum albumin were 2·3 %, 17·1 % and 80·6 %, respectively. Cronbach’sαcoefficient (reliability) was 0·61. The correlations between total MNA score, anthropometric values and serum albumin (criterion-related validity) were all significant. There were significant differences in total MNA score between two BMI groups but not between two categories according to serum albumin and skin ulcers (construct validity). The sensitivity and specificity of the MNA according to its established cut-off points were 82 % and 63 %, respectively. Positive-predictive value was 35 % and negative-predictive value was 93 %. By using the best cut-off point (MNA score of 22 according to Youden index), the sensitivity, specificity, positive-predictive value and negative-predictive value were 88 %, 62 %, 57 % and 89 %, respectively.ConclusionsThe MNA with its established cut-off points may not be a good fit for Asian populations, including Iranian elderly.
ON THE RELIABILITY OF ZEUS-3D
Authors: Clarke David A. 
Published: February 2010

ABSTRACT
Recent and not-so-recent critiques of the widely used magnetohydrodynamics (MHD)
code, ZEUS-3D, challenge its reliability and efficiency
suggesting that its MHD algorithm is capable of “significant errors” in some
simple one-dimensional shock-tube problems. I show that these concerns are
either inapplicable in multi-dimensional astrophysical applications, or result
from a misuse of the code rather than “flaws” in its design. I also describe a
few multi-dimensional test problems including one for super-Alfvénic turbulence,
and highlight some recent innovations and improvements to the code now available
online.
Exploiting sequence similarity to validate the sensitivity of SNP arrays in detecting fine-scaled copy number variations
Authors: Wong Gerard , Leckie Christopher , Gorringe Kylie L. , Haviv Izhak , Campbell Ian G. , Kowalczyk Adam 
Published: February 2010

AbstractMotivation: High-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping arrays are efficient and cost effective platforms for the detection of copy number variation (CNV). To ensure accuracy in probe synthesis and to minimize production costs, short oligonucleotide probe sequences are used. The use of short probe sequences limits the specificity of binding targets in the human genome. The specificity of these short probeset sequences has yet to be fully analysed against a normal reference human genome. Sequence similarity can artificially elevate or suppress copy number measurements, and hence reduce the reliability of affected probe readings. For the purpose of detecting narrow CNVs reliably down to the width of a single probeset, sequence similarity is an important issue that needs to be addressed.Results: We surveyed the Affymetrix Human Mapping SNP arrays for probeset sequence similarity against the reference human genome. Utilizing sequence similarity results, we identified a collection of fine-scaled putative CNVs between gender from autosomal probesets whose sequence matches various loci on the sex chromosomes. To detect these variations, we utilized our statistical approach, Dectecting REcurrent Copy number change using rank-order Statistics (DRECS), and showed that its performance was superior and more stable than the t-test in detecting CNVs. Through the application of DRECS on the HapMap population datasets with multi-matching probesets filtered, we identified biologically relevant SNPs in aberrant regions across populations with known association to physical traits, such as height, covered by the span of a single probe. This provided empirical confirmation of the existence of naturally occurring narrow CNVs as well as the sensitivity of the Affymetrix SNP array technology in detecting them.Availability: The MATLAB implementation of DRECS is available at http://ww2.cs.mu.oz.au/∼gwong/DRECS/index.htmlContact: gwong@csse.unimelb.edu.auSupplementary information: Supplementary information is available at Bioinformatics online.