bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physical and Chemical Beneficiation of the Egyptian Beach Monazite
Authors: Moustafa Mohamed I. , Abdelfattah Nasr A. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractThe Egyptian black sands contain several economic minerals, especially ilmenite. Monazite can reach concentrations up to 0.6 wt.%. The majority of monazite grains have light to deep canary and lemon yellow colors, whereas enigmatic monazite grains have brown, red, resinous, yellow and colorless to pinkish colors. The behavior of monazite with the electrostatic field setting of the roll‐type electrostatic separator was studied for the different variables of the separator. Most of the monazite grains are reversible negative and are attracted towards the positively charged static electrode. Using wet gravity concentration, both low and high intensity magnetic separation, and electrostatic separation techniques, a high grade concentrate assaying 97 wt. % monazite with a recovery of 76.8% can be obtained.The Egyptian beach monazite contains high concentrations of Ce, La and Nd in addition to minor amounts of Y, Pr, Sm, Gd, Dy and Eu. It is particularly rich in the lighter rare earth elements (cerium subgroup). By a new method of ion exchange technique after chemically dissolving the mineral with sulfuric acid, both of REEs, Th and U, could be individually separated. The efficiency of the separation has been tested with sulfuric acid concentration at 2M H2SO4 where the thorium and uranium could be obtained with a cation exchange synthetic resin column, while rare earth metal ions are adsorbed and then individually separated. A highly pure thorium product could be obtained by oxalate precipitation followed by uranium precipitation as diuranate using NaOH.
A New, Weil‐Preserved Species of Glaresidae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea) from the Jehol Biota of China
Authors: Ming BAI , KRELL Frank Thorsten , Dong REN , Xingke YANG 
Published: September 2010

Abstract: Glaresis orthochilus sp. nov. (Scarabaeoidea: Glaresidae), the best preserved glaresid fossil, is described and illustrated from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning province, north–east China. Glaresidae, the sister group of all extant Scarabaeoidea was established in the Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous and contained larger species than those found today.
A New Species of Megarhyphus, an Interesting Discovery from the Lower Jurassic of England (Diptera, Anisopodidae)
Authors: EWA Krzemińska , ROBERT Coram A. , WIESŁAW Krzeminski 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:The oldest representative of the genus Megarhyphus Kovalev (Diptera: Anisopodidae) is described from the Lower Jurassic (Slnemurian) of England. A summary of our knowledge of Jurassic Anisopodidae is given.
Iverya averyi gen. nov. and sp. nov., a New Triadotypomorphan Species from the Middle Triassic at Picton, New South Wales, Australia
Authors: BÉTHOUX Olivier , BEATTIE Robert G. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:A new specimen assigned to the species Iverya averyi gen. nov. and sp. nov. is described. This species is considered as a triadotypomorphan insect, a poorly known group of Triassic stem‐odonatans. Like other triadotypomorphans, this species exhibits an area between MA and MP that is comparatively broad, and a cubitoanal area involving an AA stem distinct from CuA + CuP + AA emitting several posterior branches. Diagnostic character states of the new species are listed. Although incomplete, the specimen provides new information on the wing morphology of triadotypomorphans. This discovery might contribute to better assessment of the phylogenetic position of triadotypomorphan species with respect to other stem‐odonatans.
A New Species Group in the GenusTanytarsusvan der Wulp (Diptera: Chironomidae) Based on a Fossil Record from Baltic Amber
Authors: GIŁKA Wojciech 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:A new fossil chlronomid,Tanytarsus serafini, found in Baltic amber is described and illustrated based on adult males. The new species and similar extant species of the genusTanytarsusvan der Wulp are compared. Due to several distinct characters of wing, legs and hypopygium, a new species group forTanytarsus serafini isproposed, and its diagnostic features are evaluated.
Early Evolution of Apocrita (Insecta, Hymenoptera) as Indicated by New Findings in the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Northeast China
Authors: RASNTTSYN Alexandr P. , Haichun ZHANG 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:The classification and phylogeny of the basal Vespina (= Orussoidea + Apocrita) are reconsidered based primarily on rich and well preserved material from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou in Inner Mongolia, China. Comparatively smooth morphological transitions are traced from a Xiphydriidae‐like ancestor toward Orussoidea via the Jurassic family Karatavitidae, and through Karatavitidae and the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous family Ephialtitidae independently to Stephanidae, to Evanioidea, and, via the extinct Jurassic Kuafuidae fam. nov. to the remaining Apocrita. New hypothesis is proposed concerning development of the characteristic wasp‐waist of Apocrita, which is supposed to appear independently and in different ways in Evanioidea and in the rest of Apocrita. As a result, six infraorders are proposed for the suborder Vespina with the following taxonomic structure: infraorder Orussomorpha including the only superfamily Orussoidea (Karatavitidae + Paroryssidae + Orussidae), infraorder Stephanomorpha with the only superfamily Stephanoidea (Ephialtitidae + Stephanidae), infraorder Evaniomorpha with the only superfamily Evanioidea of traditional composition, infraorder Ceraphronomorpha with the superfamilies Ceraphronoidea s. str. and monotypical Megalyroidea and Trigonaloidea, and the infraorders Proctotrupomorpha, Ichneumonomorpha, and Vespomorpha of traditional composition. The family Kuafuidae is unplaced to infraorder because it is putatively paraphyletic with respect to Ceraphronomorpha, Proctotrupomorpha, Ichneumonomorpha and Vespomorpha. Described as new are Karatavites junfengi sp. nov., Praeratavites wuhuaensis sp. nov., P. perspicuus sp. nov., Postxiphydria daohugouensis gen. et sp. nov., P. ningchengensis gen. et sp. nov., Postxiphydroides strenuus gen. et sp. nov., Praeratavitoides amabilis gen. et sp. nov., Proapocritus densipediculus sp. nov., P. sculptus sp. nov., P. longantennatus sp. nov., P. formosus sp. nov., P. atropus sp. nov., P. elegans sp. nov., Stephanogaster pristinus sp. nov., Asiephialtites lini sp. nov., Praeproapocritus vulgatus gen. et sp. nov., Sinaulacogastrinus solidus gen. et sp. nov., Sinevania speciosa gen. et sp. nov., Eonevania robusta gen. et sp. nov., Kuafua polyneura gen. et sp. nov. (all from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou), as well as Kuafuidae fam. nov. including Kuafua gen. nov. as well as Arthrogaster Rasnitsyn, 1975, and Leptogastrella Rasnitsyn, 1975 from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau in Kazakhstan.
Community Structure in the Amber Forest: Study of the Arthropod Syninclusia in the Rovno Amber (Late Eocene of Ukraine)
Authors: PERKOVSKY Evgeny E. , RASNITSYN Alexandr P. , VLASKIN Anatoly P. , RASNITSYN Sergej P. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:Arthropoden syninclusions in the Late Eocene Rovno amber were examined using χ2 to reveal correlation of the component groups (some taxa of Diptera, ants, aphids, and mites) supposedly indicative of the biocoenotic relationships in the ancient amber forest. Three tightly correlated groups were identified, representing a putative aerial plankton guild (Chironomidae + Ceratopogonidae) and two tree‐trunk guilds, one of which (Dolichopodidae +Germaraphis) is possibly connected to more open or/and more hygrophilous habitats than the other (Sciara zone Diptera +“Acorus” rhombeus). The ants were not linked with any of the above components.
Review of the El Soplao Amber Outcrop, Early Cretaceous of Cantabria, Spain
Authors: NAJARRO María , PEÑALVER Enrique , PÉREZ‐DE LA FUENTE Ricardo , ORTEGA‐BLANCO Jaime , MENOR‐SALVÁN Cesar , BARRÓN Eduardo , SORIANO Carmen , ROSALES Idoia , LÓPEZ DEL VALLE Rafael , VELASCO Francisco , TORNOS Fernando , DAVIERO‐GOMEZ Véronique , GOMEZ Bernard , DELCLÒS Xavier 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:El Soplao outcrop, an Early Cretaceous amber deposit recently discovered in northern Spain (Cantabria), has been shown to be the largest site of amber with arthropod inclusions that has been found in Spain so far. Relevant data provided herein for biogeochemistry of the amber, palynology, taphonomy and arthropod bioinclusions complement those previously published. This set of data suggests at least two botanical sources for the amber of El Soplao deposit. The ñrst (type A amber) strongly supports a source related to Cheirolepidiaceae, and the second (type B amber) shows non‐specific conifer biomarkers. Comparison of molecular composition of type A amber withFrenelopsisleaves (Cheirolepidiaceae) strongly suggests a biochemical affinity and a common botanical origin. A preliminary palynologlcal study indicates a regional high taxonomical diversity, mainly of pteridophyte spores and gymnosperm pollen grains. According to the preliminary palynologlcal data, the region was inhabited by conifer forests adapted to a dry season under a subtropical climate. The abundant charcoalified wood associated with the amber in the same beds is evidence of paleofires that most likely promoted both the resin production and an intensive erosion of the litter, and subsequent great accumulation of amber plus plant cuticles. In addition, for the first time in the fossil record, charcoalified plant fibers as bioinclusions in amber are reported. Other relevant taphonomic data are the exceptional presence of serpulids and bryozoans on the surfaces of some amber pieces indicating both a long exposure on marine or brackish‐water and a mixed assemblage of amber. Lastly, new findings of insect bioinclusions, some of them uncommon in the fossil record or showing remarkable adaptations, are reported. In conclusion, a documented scenario for the origin of the El Soplao amber outcrop is provided.
New Taxa of Chrysomelidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) from Rovno Amber, Late Eocene
Authors: NADEIN Konstantin , PERKOVSKY Evgeny 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:Leaf beetles Chrysomelidae of Rovno amber, from the Late Eocene, are recorded and described. Chrysomelidae of Rovno amber are represented by three subfamilies: Galerucinae (Alticini), Chrysomelinae, and Eumolpinae. Two new genera and three new species of Alticini: Manobiomorpha Nadein, gen. nov. (type species Manobiomorpha eocenica Nadein, sp. nov.), Psyllototus Nadein, gen. nov. (type species Psyllototus progenitor Nadein, sp. nov.), and Crepidodera decolorata Nadein et Perkovsky, sp. nov. are described. A new chrysomeline genus and species Paleophaedon minutus Nadein gen. nov. et sp. nov. is described. Probable trophic association of Crepidodera decolorata sp. nov., the taxonomic positions of Manobiomorpha gen. nov. and Psyllototus gen. nov., and the composition of leaf beetle faunas of Middle and Late Eocene of Europe are discussed.
Cockroach as the Earliest Eusocial Animal
Authors: VRŠANSKÝ Peter 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:A completely preserved cockroach Sociala perlucida gen. et sp. nov. (Blattida: Socialidae fam. nov.) is described from the Mesozoic (Albian Early Cretaceous) amber of Archingeay in France. It is categorized within the new family Socialidae, originating from the Mesozoic cockroach family Liberiblattinidae, and representing the sister group to the most basal known eutermite families. Numerous direct and indirect morphological evidence (such as a unique narrow body and pronotum with reduced coloration, legs without carination and with numerous sensillar pitts (forelegs) as adaptations to life in nests analogical to the living termitophillous species; enlarged head, long palps for communication, a general venation modified in a direction towards termites (subcosta and radial vein [R] approximated, R branches approximated, simplified, cross‐veins reduced), and possibly also the development of the breaking forewing sutura for detaching wings after marriage flight), suggest its eusocial mode of life. Thus, the first eusociality originated within cockroaches, prior to giving birth to termites; termites and Cryptocercus are not directly related. The group of eusocial cockroaches makes termite morphotaxon polyphyletic, but also in this case, the erection of a new order for mastotermites (including Cratomastotermitidae) and/or the inclusion of eusocial, morphological cockroaches within termites appears counterproductive, thus an example of such a general exception to the taxonomical procedure is provided.
Microelectrona cladara gen. et sp. nov.: A New Protodikraneurini from the Eocene Baltic Amber (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae)
Authors: SZWEDO Jacek , GĘBICKI Cezary , KOWALEWSKA Magdalena 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:A new genus Microelectrona gen. nov. and species Microelectrona cladara sp. nov. of the extinct tribe Protodikraneurini of the leafhoppers (Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from the Eocene Baltic amber is described. The piece of amber containing leafhopper inclusion is broken, unveiling some of the morphological structures, and enabling their studies using scanning electron microscopy.
A New Fossil Termite (Isoptera, Stolotermitidae, Stolotermes) from the Early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand
Authors: KAULFUSS Uwe , HARRIS Anthony C. , LEE Daphne E. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:The forewing of a termite from Early Miocene lake sediments in Otago, southern New Zealand is figured and described. It exhibits the generic characters of the damp‐wood termite Stolotermes Hägen, but differs from forewings of the known species in size and venation pattern and is described as Stolotermes kupe sp. nov. S. hupe represents the first confident record of fossil Stolotermitidae and extends the fossil record of the family back to the Early Miocene. It also is the first direct evidence of fossil Isoptera from New Zealand, though silicified termite faecal pellets, referable to Kalotermes brauni, have been previously described. S. kupe indicates that Stolotermitidae has been present in the Australasian region since at least the Early Miocene.
Early Jurassic Coleopterans from the Mintaja Insect Locality, Western Australia
Authors: MARTIN Sarah K. 
Published: September 2010

Abstract:Beetles (Coleoptera) are the most common insects recovered from the Lower Jurassic Mintaja insect locality of Western Australia, with over half of the fossils recorded from this site being isolated coleopteran elytra. A range of partial beetle bodies and other isolated beetle sclerites have also been recovered from the locality; much of this material is taxonomically unidentifiable due to its disarticulation and poor preservation. A number of the Mintaja coleopterans are assigned to the archostematan family Ommatidae, includingZygadenia westraliensis(Riek, 1968) comb. nov, previously placed in the morphogenusMesothoris, and an unnamed species ofTetraphalerus. Also recorded is a new species of elaterid,Lithomerus wundasp. nov., along with other fragments likely attributable to the same family. The remaining material is assigned into morphospecies, separated primarily on preserved body parts — specifically, there are three morphospecies based on partially articulated coleopteran bodies, two morphospecies based on isolated head capsules, three morphospecies based on isolated thoracic sclerites, three morphospecies based on isolated abdominal sclerites, and 13 morphospecies based on isolated elytra. Overall, the ecology of these fossils is difficult to interpret due to poor preservation, although some of the beetles were likely aquatic, and the Ommatidae and Elateridae were both likely xylophilous. There is a strong similarity between the Mintaja coleopterans and those from the Late Triassic Denmark Hill locality of Queensland, though many of these similarities are based on morphotaxa and may be superficial in nature. Of the species that have been assigned to named taxa, all are generally typical of the Late Mesozoic worldwide, withZygadenia, TetraphalerusandLithomerusall long‐ranging, cosmopolitan genera.
Computational Methods to Extract Meaning From Text and Advance Theories of Human Cognition
Authors: McNamara Danielle S. 
Published: September 2010

AbstractOver the past two decades, researchers have made great advances in the area of computational methods for extracting meaning from text. This research has to a large extent been spurred by the development of latent semantic analysis (LSA), a method for extracting and representing the meaning of words using statistical computations applied to large corpora of text. Since the advent of LSA, researchers have developed and tested alternative statistical methods designed to detect and analyze meaning in text corpora. This research exemplifies how statistical models of semantics play an important role in our understanding of cognition and contribute to the field of cognitive science. Importantly, these models afford large‐scale representations of human knowledge and allow researchers to explore various questions regarding knowledge, discourse processing, text comprehension, and language. This topic includes the latest progress by the leading researchers in the endeavor to go beyond LSA.
Efficacy and safety of patient‐directed titration of once‐daily pre‐dinner premixed biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 injection in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with oral antidiabetic drug failure: STEP‐AKITA study
Authors: Narita Takuma , Goto Takashi , Suganuma Yumi , Hosoba Mihoko , Morii Tsukasa , Sato Takehiro , Fujita Hiroki , Miura Takeshi , Shimotomai Takashi , Yamada Yuichiro , Kakei Masafumi 
Published: September 2010

AbstractAims/Introduction:  To clarify clinical characteristics related to optimal glycemic control achieved after adding once‐daily pre‐dinner biphasic insulin aspart 70/30 (BIAsp 30) in Japanese type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients with oral antidiabetic drug (OAD) failure.Materials and Methods:  Under this regimen, we evaluated changes in HbA1c levels and daily self‐monitoring blood glucose (BG) profiles, as well as the incidences of hypoglycemia and retinopathy progression. The patients adjusted BIAsp 30 dosages themselves every 3–4 days according to a pre‐determined algorithm to achieve fasting BG levels of 101–120 mg/dL. HbA1c levels were expressed as Japan Diabetes Society values.Results:  Of 29 enrolled patients, 22 (HbA1c levels, 8.5 ± 1.5% [mean ± SD]) and 20 patients completed the 16‐ and 24‐week follow‐up, respectively. At 16 weeks 68.2 and 45.5%, and at 24 weeks 80.0 and 35% of patients had achieved HbA1c levels of <7.0 and <6.5%, respectively. The patients who had achieved optimal glycemic control, including daytime postprandial BG profiles after treatment, had lower post‐breakfast BG excursions at baseline, shorter diabetes durations and younger age. No severe hypoglycemic episodes were recorded. Progression of retinopathy was observed in 3 of the 29 enrolled patients.Conclusions:  Lower post‐breakfast BG excursions, shorter diabetes duration and younger age in Japanese T2D patients with OAD failure might warrant optimal glycemic control with safety after adding once‐daily pre‐dinner BIAsp 30 initiating regimen. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2010.00062.x, 2010)
What can we learn from the recent blood glucose lowering megatrials?
Authors: Chan Juliana CN 
Published: September 2010

AbstractIn the past two decades, we have acquired an enormous amount of knowledge regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes and its comorbidities. In addition to the earlier landmark blood lipid and blood pressure lowering trials, the latest blood glucose lowering megatrials represent the zenith of this global effort to prevent and control diabetes, and its devastating consequences. Although many of these latter trials have yielded negative results and have shown the narrow risk‐benefit ratio of intensive treatment in patients with advanced disease, the exceedingly low event rates in these high‐risk patients who were carefully monitored and intensively managed made possible in these clinical trial settings have not been emphasized enough. The heterogeneity of the clinical outcomes in these studies further highlight the complexity of diabetes, which is more than managing a disease, but the multiple needs of a patient with multisystem dysfunction. In the final analysis, what transpires from these megatrials is the need to translate the key components of these studies, namely, protocol, team, documentation and monitoring, into our daily clinical practice to enable the care team to stratify risk, define needs, individualize therapy, monitor progress and reinforce compliance in order to achieve positive outcomes. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2010.00063.x, 2010)
A REQUIEM TO SEXUAL DIFFERENCE:A RESPONSE TO LUCIANA PARISI'S “EVENT AND EVOLUTION”
Authors: Weinstein Jami 
Published: September 2010

abstractAside from constructing a compelling case for how rereading evolution from a neomaterialist and radical empiricist perspective undermines an enduring binary of sexual difference, Luciana Parisi underscores a tension in the work of Elizabeth Grosz, known both for her novel, feminist, neomaterialist study of Darwinian evolution and her staunch support of sexual difference. Parisi contends, and I suspect Grosz herself is keenly aware, that there is a paradox in holding these views simultaneously. Thus, this paper will not only expand upon Parisi's argument for preaccelerated, unbounded, creative, inhuman, neomaterialist, and radical empirical accounts of matter and sex but also propose a reading of Grosz's work that could potentially wrest her from the perceived paradox. I call this the “theory sex” reading, which can be characterized as a metatheoretical difference materially embodied in the unbridgeable gap between Grosz's two theoretical stances. Theory sex is not an ontology but a concept in line with a Deleuzo–Guattarian understanding of the philosopher's mode of living with chaos. Theory sex produces vibrations and dissonance, which reproduce or chart lines of flight toward theories like Parisi's. These vibrations compose the requiem both honoring and retaining the virtual legacy of sexual difference into the future.
THE EXPERIENCE OF HOME AND THE SPACE OF CITIZENSHIP
Authors: Jacobson Kirsten 
Published: September 2010

abstractI argue that, although we are inherently intersubjective beings, we are not first or most originally “public” beings. Rather, to become a public being, that is, a citizen—in other words, to act as an independent and self‐controlled agent in a community of similarly independent and self‐controlled agents and, specifically, to do so in a shared space in the public arena—is something that we can successfully do only by emerging from our familiar, personal territories—our homes. Finding support in texts from philosophy, psychology, and the social sciences, I construe the claim that citizenship is a developed stance as a spatial issue. I conclude that a state (or, for that matter, a philosophy) that takes the human being to begin as an isolated individual agent fails to recognize the essential spatial relationships on which we depend—namely, those arising through our way of being‐at‐home in the world; and, as a result, such a stance not only misconstrues the parameters on which citizenship is itself possible but also risks developing a social situation that encourages behaviors we see in the agoraphobic—namely, the behaviors of alienated and fundamentally homeless human beings.