bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coping with challenging behaviours of children with autism: effectiveness of brief training workshop for frontline staff in special education settings
Authors: Ling C. Y. M. , Mak W. W. S. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractBackground  The present study examined the effectiveness of three staff training elements: psychoeducation (PE) on autism, introduction of functional behavioural analysis (FBA) and emotional management (EM), on the reaction of challenging behaviours for frontline staff towards children with autism in Hong Kong special education settings.Methods  A sample of 311 frontline staff in educational settings was recruited to one of the three conditions: control, PE‐FBA and PE‐FBA‐EM groups. A total of 175 participants completed all three sets of questionnaires during pre‐training, immediate post‐training and 1‐month follow‐up.Results  Findings showed that the one‐session staff training workshop increased staff knowledge of autism and perceived efficacy but decrease helping behavioural intention.Conclusions  In spite of the limited effectiveness of a one‐session staff training workshop, continued staff training is still necessary for the improvement of service quality. Further exploration on how to change emotion response of staff is important.
‘I think we're all guinea pigs really’: a qualitative study of medication and borderline personality disorder
Authors: ROGERS B. , ACTON T. 
Published: September 2011

Accessible summary
Seven service users with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) were interviewed to explore their experience of being treated with medication.
Service users identified there was a lack of knowledge and understanding around the BPD diagnosis, which made treating this group difficult for staff.
Service users also reported there was also a lack of resources for this diagnostic group so staff relied on medication, although this had improved with the introduction of a specialist service for people with a personality disorder.
Service users had different opinions on whether they thought medication was a part of their recovery pathway, but agreed they should be involved in deciding whether it would be used as a treatment.
AbstractNational Institute for Clinical Excellence recommended the use of medication only in times of crisis for individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD). Despite this recommendation most service users referred to a specialist personality disorder service were found to be on numerous medications. Although a number of qualitative studies have explored the experience of individuals with a diagnosis of BPD they have failed to discuss their experience of being treated with medication, despite its high prescription with this group (e.g. Sansone et al.). The aim of this study was to explore the experience of service users being treated with medication for the BPD diagnosis. Semi‐structured interviews were carried out with seven service users under a specialist service for personality disorder. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The main themes to emerge were: staff knowledge and attitudes, lack of resources for BPD and the recovery pathway for BPD. Overall, service users felt that receiving the BPD diagnosis had had a negative impact on the care they received, with staff either refusing treatment or focusing on medication as a treatment option. The introduction of specialist services for this group appears to improve service user satisfaction with their treatment and adherence to the National Institute for Clinical Excellence guidelines.
Late‐life depression: systematic assessment of care needs as a basis for treatment
Authors: HOUTJES W. , VAN MEIJEL B. , DEEG D. J. H. , BEEKMAN A. T. F. 
Published: September 2011

Accessible summary
Systematic assessment of the care needs of older patients using the CANE contributes significantly to a targeted nursing anamnesis and diagnostic process.
The Camberwell Assessment of Need for the Elderly appears to be a very suitable tool for structured and high quality of care.
Patients may benefit more from depression treatment when significant others of the patients (carers and staff) would be more sensitive to the unmet needs of depressed patients in different stages of their depression, and when treatment would be better targeted at these unmet needs.
Given the broad range of possible unmet needs, collaborative care arrangements should be established with home care, welfare and other organizations, to achieve adequate and efficient referrals to the responsible care providers.
AbstractResearch shows that most of the variance in depression severity levels in late life can be explained by the unmet psychological needs of patients, more in particular the care needs of patients related with psychological distress. This case report describes the treatment of an 84‐year‐old patient suffering from depression. Her complaints faded upon the use of nursing interventions that were defined on the basis of a systematic assessment of her care needs with the Camberwell Assessment of Needs for the Elderly. The methodical attention to her needs for care and the interventions carried out led to the patient feeling acknowledged and to a diminished need for care and a better quality of life. Although there is no scientific evidence to date, a systematic assessment of care needs may well be a meaningful addition to the nursing diagnostic process. Moreover, alleviating distress in patients by fulfilling unmet care needs through tailored interventions can be seen as an essential element of an effective multidisciplinary depression treatment process.
A quantitative analysis of the submentalis muscle electromyographic amplitude during rapid eye movement sleep across the lifespan
Authors: FERRI RAFFAELE , BRUNI OLIVIERO , FULDA STEPHANY , ZUCCONI MARCO , PLAZZI GIUSEPPE 
Published: September 2011

SummaryThe current definition of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without atonia has no quantitative character, and cut‐off values above which the level of electromyographic tone can be considered to be ‘excessive’ are unclear. The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of chin electromyographic amplitude by means of an automatic approach in a large group of normal controls, subdivided into different age groups. Eighty‐eight normal controls were included, subdivided into six age groups: preschoolers (≤6 years); schoolers (6–10 years); preadolescents (10–13 years); young adults (24–40 years); middle‐aged (58–65 years); and old (>65 years). The average amplitude of the rectified submentalis muscle electromyographic signal was used for the computation of the REM sleep Atonia Index. Chin muscle activations were detected, and their amplitude, duration and interval analysed. REM sleep Atonia Index showed a progressive and rapid increase from the preschool age to school and preadolescent age, reaching the maximum in the young adult group; after this age a small decline was observed in the middle‐aged and old subjects. Conversely, the number of movements per hour in REM sleep showed a ‘U’‐shaped distribution across these age groups, with the minimum in the preadolescent group and the two extremes (preschool age and old) showing similar average levels of activity. Our results show that REM sleep atonia develops continuously during the lifespan, and undergoes complex changes with different developmental trajectories for REM atonia and electromyographic activations during REM sleep. Different mechanisms might subserve these two phenomena and their differential developmental dynamics.
Galectin‐11 induction in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle following nematode and protozoan infections
Authors: HOORENS P. , RINALDI M. , MIHI B. , DREESEN L. , GRIT G. , MEEUSEN E. , LI R. W. , GELDHOF P. 
Published: September 2011

SummaryGalectin‐11 (LGALS11) has been suggested to play an important role in protective immunity against gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants. However, in cattle, this molecule has not been characterized in detail. In the current study, it was shown that transcription of LGALS11 was highly inducible in the bovine abomasal mucosa after an Ostertagia ostertagi infection. LGALS11 protein expression was also increased in the abomasal mucosa following O. ostertagi infection and localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm of epithelial cells and the mucus. Using in vitro abomasal epithelial cell cultures, it was shown that LGALS11 induction was associated with the proliferative and dedifferentiated status of cells. However, LGALS11 was not induced following stimulation with O. ostertagi excretory–secretory products. These results suggest that LGALS11 induction in vivo may be an indirect rather than a direct effect of the parasite on the epithelium. In addition, LGALS11 transcript was also detected in the abomasal lymph nodes where it was shown to be transcribed in MHCII+ cells; however, transcription levels in the lymph nodes were not altered after O. ostertagi infection. In addition, LGALS11 was also induced in the small intestine by different types of parasites, including the nematode Cooperia oncophora and the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis.
Transient alkalinization in the leaf apoplast of Vicia faba L. depends on NaCl stress intensity: an in situ ratio imaging study
Authors: GEILFUS CHRISTOPH‐MARTIN , MÜHLING KARL HERMANN 
Published: September 2011

ABSTRACTThe apoplast is suggested to be involved not only in the response, but also in the perception and transduction of various environmental signals. In this context, apoplastic alkalinization has previously been discussed as a general stress factor caused by abiotic and biotic stress events. In this study, an ion‐sensitive fluorescence probe in combination with inverted fluorescence microscopy has been used for in planta monitoring of apoplastic shoot pH during challenging of Vicia faba L. plants by NaCl stress encountered at the roots. We demonstrate that transient increases in leaf apoplastic pH are dependent on the NaCl stress intensity. Moreover, we have visualized spatial pH gradients within the leaf apoplast. Our results indicate that these pH responses are propagated from root to leaf and that this occurs along the apoplast.
Molecular Diagnostic Challenges and Complex Management of Consecutive Twin Pregnancies in a Family with CD40 Ligand Deficiency
Authors: Török O. , Tóth B. , Erdős M. , Csorba G. , Gyimesi E. , Balogh I. , Tóth Z. , Maródi L. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractX‐linked hyper‐IgM syndrome (XHIGM) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder (PID) caused by mutation in the gene encoding the CD40 ligand (CD40L) expressed on activated T cells. Prenatal genotyping in carriers with twin pregnancies is more challenging than in women with singleton pregnancies. In addition, women with twin pregnancies may decide on selective termination for which the risk of loss of the healthy foetus may exceed 7%. We report here on a family affected by XHIGM. Diagnosis of the disease was made in a male patient as late as 33 years of age. After family screening, the sister of the proband conceived male twins in two consecutive pregnancies. In the first pregnancy, one of the male foetuses was hemizygous for the c.521A>G (Q174R) mutation in the CD40L gene. In the second pregnancy, ultrasound scan showed one foetus to have exencephaly and karyotyping revealed this foetus to have trisomy 18. Several options were discussed, but the parents decided on selective termination in both pregnancies. The interventions were successful in both cases, and the mother now has two healthy sons. This report demonstrates the way in which advanced technologies in molecular medicine and obstetric interventions may assist families with decisions about possible selective termination in case of life‐threatening molecular or chromosomal disorders. Diagnosis of CD40L deficiency at the age of 33 years in the proband was striking and indicated that PIDs are still neglected as disease entities in the evaluation of patients with recurrent severe infectious diseases.
Women who experience obstetric haemorrhage are at higher risk of anaemia, in both rich and poor countries
Authors: Wagner K. S. , Ronsmans C. , Thomas S. L. , Calvert C. , Adler A. , Ganaba R. , Goufodji S. , Filippi V. 
Published: September 2011

AbstractObjectives  Anaemia is a potential long‐term sequel of obstetric blood loss, but the increased risk of anaemia in women who experience a haemorrhage compared to those who do not has not been quantified. We sought to quantify this risk and explore the duration of increased risk for these women.Methods  Systematic review of articles published between 1990 and 2009. Data were analysed by high‐ and low‐income country groupings. Prevalence and incidence ratios, and mean haemoglobin levels were compared.Results  Eleven of 822 studies screened were included in the analysis. Most studies showed a higher prevalence or incidence of anaemia in women who had experienced haemorrhage than in those who did not, irrespective of the timing of measurement post‐partum. In high‐income countries, women who had a haemorrhage were at 5.68 (95% CI 5.04–6.40) times higher risk of post‐partum anaemia than women who did not. In low‐income countries, the prevalence of anaemia was 1.58 (95% CI 0.96–2.60) times higher in women who had a haemorrhage than in women who did not, although this ratio was greater when the study including mild anaemia in its definition of anaemia was excluded (1.93, 95% CI 1.42–2.62). Population‐attributable fractions ranged from 14.9% to 39.6%. Several methodological issues, such as definitions, exclusion criteria and timing of measurements, hindered the comparability of study results.Conclusions  Women who experience haemorrhage appear to be at increased risk of anaemia for many months after delivery. This important finding could have serious implications for their health care and management.
Prevention and treatment of DNA vaccine encoding cockroach allergen Bla g 1 in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation
Authors: Zhou B. , Ensell M. , Zhou Y. , Nair U. , Glickstein J. , Kermany M. H. , Cai Q. , Cai C. , Liu W. , Deng Y.‐P. , Kakigi A. , Barbieri M. , Mora M. , Kanangat S. , Yoo T. J. 
Published: September 2011

To cite this article: Zhou B, Ensell M, Zhou Y, Nair U, Glickstein J, Kermany MH, Cai Q, Cai C, Liu W, Deng Y‐P, Kakigi A, Barbieri M, Mora M, Kanangat S, Yoo TJ. Prevention and treatment of DNA vaccine encoding cockroach allergen Bla g 1 in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2012; 67: 166–174.Abstract
Background:  One‐fourth of the US population is sensitized to the German cockroach. Primary German cockroach allergen Bla g 1 is detected in 63% of homes and 52% of childcare facilities in the United States. No effective treatment or vaccination strategies are yet available.
Objectives:  We evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of a plasmid DNA‐mediated vaccination using the Bla g 1 gene in a mouse model of allergic inflammatory airway disease.
Methods:  A plasmid DNA vector coding for the Bla g 1 allergen controlled by cytomegalovirus promoter was constructed. To estimate the protective efficacy, BALB/c mice were given three injections of plasmid DNA–Bla g 1 prior to sensitization with two priming doses of recombinant Bla g 1 (rBla g 1) antigens, followed by nebulized rBla g 1 challenge. In the therapeutic approach, sensitization was followed by administering Bla g 1 DNA vaccine.
Results:  Bla g 1 vaccination significantly reduced allergen‐induced airway inflammation, even after mice were presensitized and a Th2‐dominant response was established. The Bla g 1 vaccination significantly reduced total inflammatory cell infiltrate, eosinophilia, secretion of Th2 cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, allergen‐induced inflammatory infiltrates in the lungs, and Bla g 1‐specific IgE in serum upon challenge with rBla g 1. Importantly, Bla g 1 DNA vaccination was able to induce IL‐10‐secreting regulatory T cells that could suppress the allergen‐specific Th2 cells.
Conclusion:  DNA vaccination showed protective and therapeutic efficacy against a clinically relevant allergen Bla g 1.
Self‐reported non‐adherence to immune‐suppressant therapy in liver transplant recipients: demographic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors
Authors: Lamba Sangeeta , Nagurka Roxanne , Desai Kunj K. , Chun Shaun J. , Holland Bart , Koneru Baburao 
Published: September 2011

Lamba S, Nagurka R, Desai KK, Chun SJ, Holland B, Koneru B. Self‐reported non‐adherence to immune‐suppressant therapy in liver transplant recipients: demographic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal factors.  Clin Transplant 2011 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399‐0012.2011.01489.x.  © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.Abstract:  Adherence to immune suppressants and follow‐up care regimen is important in achieving optimal long‐term outcomes after organ transplantation. To identify patients most at risk for non‐adherence, this cross‐sectional, descriptive study explores the prevalence and correlates of non‐adherence to immune‐suppressant therapy among liver recipients. Anonymous questionnaires mailed consisted of the domains: (i) adherence barriers to immune suppressants, (ii) immune suppressants knowledge, (iii) demographics, (iv) social support, (v) medical co‐morbidities, and (vi) healthcare locus of control and other beliefs. Overall response was 49% (281/572). Data analyzed for those transplanted within 10 yr of study reveal 50% (119/237) recipients or 9.2/100 person years reporting non‐adherence. Non‐adherence was reported highest in the 2–5 yr post‐transplant phase (69/123, 56%). The highest immune‐suppressant non‐adherence rates were in recipients who are: divorced (26/34, 76%, p = 0.0093), have a history of substance or alcohol use (42/69, 61%, p = 0.0354), have mental health needs (50/84, 60%, p = 0.0336), those who missed clinic appointments (25/30, 83%, p < 0.0001), and did not maintain medication logs (71/122, 58%, p = 0.0168). Respondents who were non‐adherent with physician appointments were more than four and a half times as likely (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.5–14.7, p = 0.008) to be non‐adherent with immune suppressants. In conclusion, half of our respondents report non‐adherence to immune suppressants. Factors identified may assist clinicians to gauge patients’ non‐adherence risk and target resources.
Hepatitis E virus: an underdiagnosed cause of chronic hepatitis in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Halleux D. , Kanaan N. , Kabamba B. , Thomas I. , Hassoun Z. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract:Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection can evolve to chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised patients leading to rapidly progressive cirrhosis. Proper diagnosis is therefore important, as reducing immunosuppressive therapy can allow clearance of the virus. We report a case of chronic HEV infection in a renal transplant recipient that went undiagnosed for many years, discuss the therapeutic options, and review the current available literature.
Presumed cytomegalovirus‐associated retrobulbar optic neuritis in a patient after allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Zheng X. , Huang Y. , Wang Z. , Yan H. , Pan S. , Wang H. 
Published: September 2011

Abstract:A case of cytomegalovirus (CMV)‐associated bilateral retrobulbar optic neuritis (ON) following haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo‐HSCT) is reported. Abrupt onset of bilateral decreased vision occurred in a 33‐year‐old man 7 months after haplo‐HSCT. His cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) demonstrated pleocytosis with an absence of leukemic cells. CMV DNA was detected in his blood and CSF sample. Neither encephalopathy nor retinopathy was found in this patient. He was diagnosed with bilateral retrobulbar ON. Although he was given enough antiviral treatment against CMV and immunosuppression with high‐dose methylprednisolone, the patient's vision showed no improvement, and he has almost total bilateral blindness. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of CMV‐associated bilateral retrobulbar ON in allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Mapping of tms8 gene for temperature‐sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Hussain Appibhai J. , Ali Jauhar , Siddiq Ebrahimali A. , Gupta Vidya S. , Reddy Umesh K. , Ranjekar Prabhakar K. 
Published: September 2011

With 3 figuresAbstractGenetic analysis of F2 and backcross populations of an induced temperature‐sensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) mutant source F 61 with normal pollen parents revealed that TGMS trait was controlled by a single recessive gene. Molecular tagging of TGMS trait was attempted using polymorphic randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers through bulked segregant analysis. The RAPD primers UBC 345830, UBC 313927, microsatellites RM224 and RM21 produced putative markers, which differentiate parents and bulks from sterile parent and sterile bulks. The RAPD analysis of individual F2 plants with the primer UBC345830 showed perfect marker–phenotype cosegregation. The 830‐bp RAPD fragment, which segregated with TGMS locus at a distance of 1.33 cM, was eluted and cloned, and sequence information was used for designing sequence‐characterized amplified region (SCAR) primer, which cosegregated with TGMS locus at a distance of 0.8 cM. TGMS locus was mapped onto chromosome 11 using RM21 and RM224, flanking it at a distance of 4.3 and 3.0 cM, respectively. The DNA markers tightly linked to TGMS gene (tms8) in F 61 can be cost effectively used for marker‐assisted selection of TGMS trait.
A Polyorchid Dog
Authors: Tamminen TM , Leinonen MR , Käck H , Andersson M 
Published: September 2011

ContentsThe case of a polyorchid Irish Setter is presented here. Castration and intra‐abdominal testis removal were performed one year of age when one scrotal and one cryptorchid testis near the right inguinal canal were removed. Later it became apparent that there was still testosterone production. A third testis, abdominal cryptorchid, was found on the right side cranially and right to the bladder. The third testis had a strong cranial suspensory ligament and the tail of the epididymis was elongated. The ductus deferens did not enter the prostate but followed the gubernaculum to the inguinal canal near the stump of the previous operation on the caudal right testis. This suggests that two right cryptorchid testes had common ductus deferens.