bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Configurations analysis for high‐altitude/long‐endurance airships
Authors: Yu Daren , Lv Xiaowu 
Published: February 2010

PurposeIn recent years, high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship platforms have generated great interest as a means to provide communications and surveillance capabilities. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model for airship conceptual design and help provide insight into the viability of high‐altitude/long‐endurance airships.Design/methodology/approachA configuration analysis model with the consideration of pressure difference, temperature difference, and helium purity, etc. was developed. The influences of the airship payload, size and area required of solar cell with environment and operation parameters, such as operation latitude, pressure difference, temperature difference, helium purity, seasons, latitude, and wind speed, etc. were analyzed.FindingsThe results show that the area of solar cell required for stratospheric airship is very large under the condition of low altitude, high latitude, wind, and in winter, etc. which might make the design of high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship an elusive goal. They also show that the solar cell efficiency is the key technology in the control of solar cell area required for airships, and the technology advances in regenerative fuel cells and propeller efficiency have significant effects among on the airship payload, size, and solar cell area required for airship.Originality/valueThe paper analyses the energy balance of the high‐altitude/long‐endurance airship.
Who wins? Who loses?
Authors: Klimaszewski Cheryl , Bader Gail E. , Nyce James M. , Beasley Brian E. 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to argue that those involved in cultural heritage preservation efforts must look more critically at how preconceived notions of “history” and “tradition” affect both the design and outcomes of preservation efforts. This paper also adds to the limited library and information science (LIS) discourse on the problematic nature of significance as it relates to selecting aspects of cultural heritage for preservation, which is of particular importance to LIS practitioners as they work to help others capture, preserve and represent their traditional knowledge and ways of life.Design/methodology/approachThe argument is based on research carried out in rural Romania in the summer of 2007. Faculty from Ball State University with students from several US universities collected qualitative data using ethnographic methods for an ongoing historic preservation effort in the community of Viscri. In addition to the community case study, the LIS literature on the problem of assigning significance to cultural objects for preservation is reviewed.FindingsCultural preservation efforts tend to rely on legitimate lay understandings of history, tradition and culture that, in turn, inform social life in a community. Such limited understandings influence the program choices and resource allocations made in cultural preservation efforts. It also tends to finesse the role the elite and powerful have over these programs. Viscri provides a real‐world example that illustrates some lessons to be learned about how the LIS community thinks about tradition and modernity and the relationship both have to cultural heritage preservation.Research limitations/implicationsThe argument rests on a single community study. However, a literature review and an in‐depth analysis of a particular historical preservation effort strengthen the paper's argument.Originality/valueIn order for preservation efforts to more equitably preserve cultural heritage, the LIS community has to ask more analytic questions about what history and tradition are in the context of the communities it serves. Those involved in cultural preservation efforts must bring to their work an awareness of the consequences of selecting certain aspects of culture and heritage over others have for preservation efforts.
Malaysian cultural heritage at risk?
Authors: Abd Manaf Zuraidah , Ismail Aliza 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore and understand the state of the art of managing digital resources focusing on the availability of risk strategy practice by cultural institutions in Malaysia, in order to maintain and preserve their digitised resources.Design/methodology/approachThe multiple case study approach is adopted, where three selected cultural institutions participate.FindingsOne of the significant findings is the ability of the institutions to sustain their digitised resources. The paper discusses the issues related to the risk management of digital resources in Malaysian cultural institutions.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper offers a comparative evaluation among three main cultural institutions in Malaysia.Practical implicationsThe paper's findings and discovery are significant in highlighting the crucial elements which need to be addressed to ensure the sustainability and successful implementation of any digitisation project.Originality/valueThe findings of this paper contribute towards the dissemination of the new knowledge specifically in the management of digital preservation of cultural resources available in Malaysia.
The influence of the availability of fruits and vegetables in the workplace on the consumption of workers
Authors: Henrique Bandoni Daniel , de Moura Bombem Kelly Cristina , Lobo Marchioni Dirce Maria , Constante Jaime Patricia 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the influence of availability of fruits and vegetables on adult workers' consumption adequacy in the workplace.Design/methodology/approachA total of 1,344 workers, who have had meals in 30 different companies, located in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, are assessed. Two indicators are used to assess the following: workers' consumption of fruits and vegetables; usual consumption, found through a questionnaire on frequency of consumption of these foods; and workplace consumption, assessed with a food consumption questionnaire provided by the company. Availability of fruits and vegetables in the menus is obtained using the descriptions of meals given to workers on three consecutive days. Data analysis is performed with logistic regression models that used two outcomes: usual consumption of fruits and vegetables and consumption of these foods in the workplace. Explanatory variables are divided into two levels: the first one was comprised by workers' characteristics (sex, age and level of education), and the second one by food availability in the workplace.FindingsConsumption of fruits and vegetables, both the usual one and that in the workplace, is higher in women, and also in older individuals and those with higher level of education. Availability of fruits and vegetables in the workplace has a significant impact on usual food consumption and especially on the workplace, in which case the variable shows greatest impact on consumption.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates the importance of the availability of fruits and vegetables in the workplace that influence consumption of food by workers, revealing the importance of using this environment to promote healthy eating.
Vending machines in hospitals – are they healthy?
Authors: Kibblewhite Samantha , Bowker Sue , Jenkins Huw R. 
Published: February 2010

PurposeA healthy, balanced and nutritious diet for children and young people is essential for normal growth and development. Vending machines can be a source of food and drink high in fat, sugar and salt, and can undermine healthy eating messages. The purpose of this paper is to examine the contents of vending machines available in the vicinity of paediatric wards and paediatric out‐patient departments in hospitals in Wales.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires are completed by staff in the Department of Child Health in each NHS Trust in Wales. This paper summarises the results.FindingsMost vending machines found in the vicinity of paediatric wards and paediatric out‐patient departments in hospitals in Wales contain a majority of foods high in fat salt and sugar. Only a few contain over 50 per cent of drinks classified as healthy.Research limitations/implicationsThere is no universally agreed definition of healthy food as related to individual products. This study looks at the availability of foods and drinks classified as “unhealthy” but does not look at the overall diet of the children in the ward.Practical implicationsThe results of this study should encourage NHS Trusts to consider the contents of vending machines in the vicinity of paediatric wards and paediatric out‐patient departments in hospitals.Originality/valueThere is much rhetoric around the potential of vending machines to contribute to an unhealthy diet. This is the first paper to identify specific problems with hospital vending machines.
Potential of African pear (Dacryodes edulis) as an ingredient in plantain‐based composite cookies
Authors: Faramade Osundahunsi Oluwatooyin , Titilope Seidu Kudirat , Victoria Oyerinde Olubukola 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the level of substitution of margarine with African pear that will be acceptable to consumers.Design/methodology/approachA recipe for cookies is modified by replacing margarine with African pear. Plantain composite flour is also used. Physical parameters and proximate composition are determined using standard methods. Sensory evaluation is carried out using sensory panelists.FindingsThe moisture content of the cookies ranges from 2.09 to 4.10 per cent, fat content and ash contents range from 21.40 to 22.90 per cent and 2.14 to 2.77 per cent, respectively. The ash content is higher than the value 1.43 per cent recorded for cookies made from 100 per cent margarine. The average value for energy 487 kcal/100 g will meet the recommended daily dietary allowance. There is no significant difference on the average weight, thickness, volume and density of the cookies made from 25 to 100 per cent African pear with either 25 or 50 per cent ripe/unripe plantain flour. Average weight, thickness, volume and density are 5.60 g, 058 mm, 9.72 cm3, and 0.574 g/cm3, respectively. Sensory evaluation reveals that composite flour at 25‐100 per cent with either ripe or unripe plantain shows significant difference (p < 0.05) in taste and overall acceptability. At 50 per cent unripe or ripe plantain composite flour, there is no significant difference in attributes except flavour.Research limitations/implicationsUp to 50 per cent level of substitution of wheat for plantain flour is found to be acceptable in the preliminary report and used.Practical implicationsReplacement of margarine with African pear at below and up to 50 per cent is acceptable. Overall acceptability reduces with increasing level of substitution.Originality/valueAfrican pear pulp substitution with as much as 50 per cent does not adversely affect the proximate composition, physical and sensory characteristic. At which level the protein and ash content increases, which is an indication of good nutritional quality. African pear could be processed into value‐added product which can be of interest in school‐children feeding programs and in combating malnutrition, which is still prevalent in Nigeria.
Effect of Greek orthodox Easter holidays on body weight gain
Authors: Hourdakis M. , Papandreou D. , Malindretos P. , Vassilakou D. , Papastergiou N. , Tantsidis D. , Kouvelas D. 
Published: February 2010

PurposeIt is commonly asserted that a lot of people may gain about 2.5 kg of weight or more over holiday periods, however data are limited. The purpose of this paper is to assess potential changes that may occur in body weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference during Easter holidays.Design/methodology/approachA total of 138 college students participate in the study in the morning after a 12 h fasting. Body weight is assessed using an electronic scale (Seca ± 0.1 g), wearing minimal clothing. Paired t‐test is used to assess changes in body weight before and after a holiday period.FindingsThe mean (±SD) weight increases significantly during the holiday period (+1.5 ± 2.4 kg, p < 0.001) and (+1.7 ± 1.3 kg, p < 0.001) for both males and females, respectively. When subjects are classified by BMI as normal or overweight (OW)/obese, a significant 2.6 ± 3.5 kg gain is found (p < 0.05) in the OW/obese group (≥25 kg/m2). The average holiday gain is less than what is commonly asserted. This gain is not usually reversed and may contribute to the increase of body weight that frequently occurs during adulthood.Research limitations/implicationsA convenience sample (college students), rather than a population‐based sample is used; also the activity level of the subjects is not measured, which might influence the body weight gain.Originality/valueThe paper should be of value to nutritionists and clinical dietetics.
Enzymatic elimination of acrylamide in potato‐based thermally treated foods
Authors: Ciesarová Zuzana , Kukurová Kristína , Benešová Cyntia 
Published: February 2010

PurposeAcrylamide is a processing chemical contaminant arising from naturally occurring food components during heat treatment. The purpose of this paper is to ascertain and confirm the possibility of its reduction by L‐asparaginase enzyme application.Design/methodology/approachAs acrylamide itself is formed from amino acid L‐asparagine and reducing saccharides via the Maillard reaction, the elimination of one of these precursors by L‐asparaginase enzyme in raw material leads to the suppression of acrylamide content in a final product.FindingsThe application of L‐asparaginase solution in a simulated potato matrix results in 50‐90 per cent reduction of acrylamide content depending on the conditions (enzyme dosage, time and temperature of incubation). No significant differences in the activities of bacterial‐ and fungal‐originated enzymes are observed. The positive effect of L‐asparaginase application on acrylamide content reduction is confirmed also in raw potato mash as well as in dehydrated potato‐wheat semi‐products for making of fried pancakes. No detrimental sensorial or quality impacts on final products are observed.Research limitations/implicationsA described way of an enzyme application is suitable for homogenised mixtures like batter or mash where the efficiency of enzyme activity in the whole mass is guaranteed.Practical implicationsThe elimination of acrylamide content in thermally treated foods without an undesirable impact on quality of products could lead to the noticeable diminution of acrylamide intake from foods.Originality/valueThis procedure diversifies the possibility of the enzyme application from a cereal sector to potato‐based foods.
Hydrolytic stability of S‐hydroxyethyl N,N‐dialkyl dithiocarbamate‐derived borates and their tribological behavior as additives in PAO
Authors: Sun Yubin , Hu Litian , Xue Qunji 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the hydrolytic stability of several S‐hydroxyethyl N,N‐dialkyl dithiocarbamate‐derived borates SNB1, SNB2, and SNB3, to evaluate their tribological performances used as additives in polyalpha olefins (PAO), and to explore the tribochemical action mechanism.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the three additives are synthesized and characterized. Second, the hydrolytic stabilities of the three compounds are investigated. As the third step, they are, respectively, added to PAO and a series of samples with different concentrations of the additives in PAO are prepared, respectively. Their tribological properties are evaluated with two types of four‐ball machines, and then the wear scars were observed using a JSM‐5600LV scanning electron microscope. Finally, the elements on the worn surface are analyzed with a X‐ray photoelectron spectroscope (XPS).FindingsThe three novel compounds possess relatively good hydrolytic stabilities, excellent anti‐wear (AW) performances, friction reduction properties, and load‐carrying capacity. There is an optimum concentration of each of the three additives for their AW properties. According to the XPS analytical results, a boundary lubrication protective film has formed during friction consisting of FeSO4 film, Fe2O3 film, and the complicated adsorption film composed of N‐containing organic compounds. In the protective films, a large quantity of compounds containing element B is not found.Research limitations/implicationsThe antioxidation performances and the anticorrosion properties are not estimated.Practical implicationsThree novel AW/extreme pressure (EP) additives are synthesized, and may be they have the potential industrial application as AW/EP additives in lubricating oil.Originality/valueThe present work provides a research method of N,S‐containing organic borates as lubricating oil additives.
The effect of natural frequency of the experimental set‐up on the friction coefficient
Authors: Chowdhury M.A. , Ali M. , Helali M.M. 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe frictional behavior of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) under natural frequency of the experimental set‐up is yet to be investigated. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the frictional behavior of GFRP under natural frequency of the experimental set‐up.Design/methodology/approachExperimental vibration is generated artificially in such a way that direction, amplitude, and frequency of vibration can be controlled.FindingsThe presence of natural frequency of vibration indeed affects the friction force considerably. The natural frequency of vibration decreases with the increase of added dead loads to the experimental set‐up. The values of friction coefficient increase with the increase of natural frequency of vibration of the experimental set‐up. As the friction coefficient increases with increasing natural frequency of vibration, therefore maintaining appropriate level of natural frequency vibration friction may be kept to some lower value to improve mechanical processes.Practical implicationsIt is expected that the applications of these results will contribute to the improvement of different concerned mechanical systems.Originality/valueThe research is carried out experimentally and it can be expected the experimental results can be used for designing mechanical machine and systems.
Public management means strategic management
Authors: Düren Petra 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe New Public Management creates new tasks and challenges for libraries. They have to change from input‐ to output‐management, to develop a strategy, to operationalize this strategy and find key performance indicators to see if the strategic goals are reached or if actions or the strategy itself need to be changed. This paper aims to give one example how these new specifications can be accomplished.Design/methodology/approachThe paper describes the strategy adopted which utilises the balanced scorecard (BSC).FindingThe most important results of this research are that an organizational culture based on trust correlates significantly with the use of the balanced scorecard and accounts for 28 per cent of the use of the BSC as a strategic management system. Also, the transformational as well as the transactional leadership affect the culture based on trust. Transformational leadership accounts for 19.1 per cent and transactional leadership accounts for 16.9 per cent of the organizational cultureOriginality/valueThe German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB)‐BSC example described in the paper shows that the balanced scorecard is a possible strategic management system for libraries.
Forgotten anything: library staff competencies for the learning commons
Authors: Kloppenborg Paul , Lodge Damian 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate which skills library managers think their staff should possess as their organisational culture alters to meet the demands of a changing internal and external TAFE environment and user needs.Design/methodology/approachA survey is used to ascertain what library managers believe needs to be included as a recognisable competency for their staff to perform their work. The survey contains 20 broad categories of skills listed under five main areas. A total of 18 TAFF Libraries are used in the survey. Data are entered into Excel. Tabulation consolidates the list of 200 skills and/or comptencies. Comments are also collected at part of the investigationFindingsThe perception that having as many competencies as possible is hightly indicative of a well rounded, service focused and broadly informed library staff member. Of the library managers, 64 per cent strongly agreed that finding and using print and online resources was an important skill to possess; 93 per cent agree that library staff should maintain a healthy work‐life balance; and 79 per cent agreed that staff should understand the performance standards relating to their position.Originality/valueThe paper illustrates that the team is greater than the sum of its parts.
Benchmarking, an imperative for special libraries in the Caribbean: the Jamaican case
Authors: Nicholas Pauline 
Published: February 2010

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of benchmarking and its application as a total quality management tool. It provides librarians with insights into one strategy that may be used to prove that the library is contributing to the bottom line of the parent organization.Design/methodology/approachThe paper has two sections. The first half is a discussion on the need for strategic measurement and evaluation in special libraries in the Caribbean. Ranganathan's five laws of library science are reconsidered in the context of the changing library environment and are used to demonstrate how libraries can remain relevant. An overview of quality management and the application of benchmarking in libraries is also presented. The second half highlights a benchmarking pilot project that is being considered by a group of librarians in the special libraries section of the Library and Information Association of Jamaica and how one special library has adopted appropriate measurement and evaluation techniques to define its value in the organization and to keep its position in the Library Association of Jamaica as a focal point for the Socio‐Economic Information Network (SECIN).FindingsSpecial libraries in Jamaica must move away from being cost centres to being value‐added units. Proactive strategies that will create new value in the organization or allow the organization to remain on the cutting edge must be developed and implemented.Originality/valueThe paper enables special librarians to have a better understanding of how to implement a benchmarking project in their organizations.