bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biomimetic Stiff Nanocomposite for High‐Strength Structural Material
Authors: Liu Tanglong , Zhao Xuan , Zhong Linxin , Zhuo Hao , He Yingzi , Zhang Yuping , Peng Xinwen 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe honeycomb structure stands out as an exemplary material, characterized by its remarkable combination of lightweight and superior mechanical strength. Drawing inspiration from the roles of cellulose nanofiber and lignin in natural wood, a novel high‐stiffness biomass honeycomb nanocomposite is developed. This composite is engineered by incorporating lignin into bacterial cellulose, followed by the self‐polycondensation of lignin at elevated temperature. The nanocomposite architecture features intricately interwoven nanofibers to provide a robust long‐range framework, while the self‐polymerized lignin through coniferyl alcohol radicals serves as a rigid binder that interlinks the nanofibers. The dual mechanisms endow the material with exceptional tensile strength and rigidity. Molding this nanocomposite into a honeycomb structure yields a material with outstanding mechanical properties that outperform commercial alternatives, including those derived from Nomex paper and aluminum alloys. Given its characteristics, this nanocomposite holds great promise as a substrate for the next generation of high‐performance structural materials.
Improving Generation Performance of 1O2 by Atomic Doping for Efficient Catalytic Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: Qi Defeng , Wang Jiaqi , Zhang Jian , Su Ke , Xu Jie , Lv Weiqiang , Wang Yong , Zhang Zhen , Xiao Yin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSinglet oxygen (1O2) has attracted great attention owing to its superior comprehensive oxidizing performance and extensive application in dealing with ever‐growing environmental pollution. However, the efficient catalytic generation of 1O2 is very challenging due to the low catalytic activity of most catalysts and the generation of oxygen‐containing radicals in the catalytic reaction. Herein, C‐doped Co nanoparticles (CoNPs) supported on porous carbon (C─Co/C) as highly reactive and selective 1O2‐producing catalysts are demonstrated for efficient catalytic oxidation of recalcitrant organics via activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The doped C 2p orbitals can accept Co 3d electrons, thereby weakening the Co─O bonding between Co and PMS or other oxygen‐containing intermediates such as *SO4, *OH, *OOH, and *O. The adsorption and cleavage energy of PMS on Co nanoparticle is reduced from 8.09 to 4.64 eV by C doping. The energy barrier of the *OOH to 1O2 step is also lowered significantly, thereby kinetically improving the activity for the generation of 1O2. The C─Co/C catalysts promotes the efficient and 100% selective generation of 1O2 with high modified kinetic model (K) values of 457.0 and 94.5 µmol s−1 g−1 for rhodamine (RhB) and 2,4‐dichlorophenol (2,4‐DCP), respectively.
Highly Reversible Positive‐Valence Conversion of Sulfur Chemistry for High‐Voltage Zinc–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Chen Ze , Huang Zhaodong , Zhu Jiaxiong , Li Dedi , Chen Ao , Wei Zhiquan , Wang Yiqiao , Li Nan , Zhi Chunyi 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSulfur is a promising conversion‐type cathode for zinc batteries (ZBs) due to its high discharge capacity and cost‐effectiveness. However, the redox conversion of multivalent S in ZBs is still limited, only having achieved S0/S2− redox conversion with low discharge voltage and poor reversibility. This study presents significant progress by demonstrating, for the first time, the reversible S2−/S4+ redox behavior in ZBs with up to six‐electron transfer (with an achieved discharge capacity of ≈1284 mAh g−1) using a highly concentrated ClO4−‐containing electrolyte. The developed succinonitrile–Zn(ClO4)2 eutectic electrolyte stabilizes the positive‐valence S compound and contributes to an ultra‐low polarization voltage. Notably, the achieved flat discharge plateaus demonstrate the highest operation voltage (1.54 V) achieved to date in Zn‖S batteries. Furthermore, the high‐voltage Zn‖S battery exhibits remarkable conversion dynamics, excellent cycling performance (85.7% capacity retention after 500 cycles), high efficiency (98.4%), and energy density (527 Wh kg S−1). This strategy of positive‐valence conversion of sulfur represents a significant advancement in understanding sulfur chemistry in batteries and holds promise for future high‐voltage sulfur‐based batteries.
Factors Impacting the Photostability of a Roll‐to‐Roll Processed PEDOT Derivative for Flexible Electrochromic Devices
Authors: Brändler Lisa , Niklaus Lukas , Schott Marco , Giffin Guinevere A. , Löbmann Peer 
Published: June 2024

AbstractFor the use of polymeric electrochromic devices (ECDs) in architectural or automotive applications, the photostability of the electrochromic (EC) polymer is crucial for long‐term durability. In this study, the photostability of the side‐chain modified poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT‐EthC6)thin films deposited by roll‐to‐roll slot‐die coating on indium tin oxide coated polyethylene terephtalate (PET‐ITO) is investigated and characterized by UV–vis and IR spectroscopy. Residual iron salt on the EC polymer layer, necessary for the in situ polymerization, and the variation of storage times between processing steps have no influence on the degradation rate during light exposure. The photostability of the thin films is 30% better in an inert atmosphere than in ambient conditions. Different long‐pass filters are applied to enhance the photostability in the colored and the bleached state. The position of the absorption edge strongly affects the photostability and visual appearance/color of the PEDOT‐EthC6 electrodes. The analysis of the CIE L*a*b* color coordinates reveals that a trade‐off between stability and a desirable color is necessary. To prevent UV degradation of the EC polymer in flexible ECDs, sputtered nickel oxide is chosen as the counter electrode material. The hybrid ECD shows no sign of degradation and loss of electrochromic performance after 350 h of light exposure.
Effect of Gamma Irradiation on the Structure, Morphology, and Memristive Properties of CVD Grown ReS2 Thin Film
Authors: Aggarwal Pallavi , Bisht Prashant , Jana Subhajit , Mishra Ambuj , Ray Samit Kumar , Chang Edward Yi , Mehta Bodh Raj , Singh Rajendra 
Published: June 2024

AbstractIn this work, effect of gamma irradiation on chemical vapor deposition grown ReS2 thin films vis‐a‐vis change in its structure, morphology, chemical composition, and memristive behaviour is reported to assess its radiation hardness for space applications. High‐resolution transmission electron micrographs and selected area electron diffraction pattern infer polycrystalline to amorphous phase transition and increase in the number of grain boundaries (GBs) after exposure to 25 kGy of gamma radiation. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and low‐temperature photoluminescence measurements reveal the formation of sulfur vacancies (SV) accompanied with partial oxidation of film. Memristors are then fabricated on the as‐grown film using different metal electrodes, which are Ag, Pt, and Ti in lateral geometry, and their resistive switching (RS) mechanism is studied along with the impact of gamma irradiation. RS is attributed to the formation of conducting filaments due to GB‐mediated migration of metal ions, SV, and oxygen ions from the partially oxidized film. Furthermore, irradiation is found to increase current in the high resistance state of the device, which subsequently reduces the memory window. This impact is observed to be consistent across all the devices which validates the effect of irradiation irrespective of the nature of the metal electrode used.
Biocatalytic Recycling Cascades Combining Aldolases and Transaminases for the Stereo‐Controlled Synthesis of γ‐Hydroxy‐α‐Amino Acids
Authors: Gourbeyre Léa , Perrard Jules , Bouzid Stephany , Matéos Alexandre , Hélaine Virgil , Guérard‐Hélaine Christine , Lemaire Marielle , Petit Jean‐Louis , de Berardinis Véronique , Gefflaut Thierry 
Published: June 2024

AbstractRecycling cascades combining aldolases and transaminases from biodiversity were designed for the stereoselective synthesis of various isomers of γ‐hydroxy‐α‐amino acids. Aldolases with opposite enantioselectivities were combined with a d‐α‐transaminase to prepare in a single step, d‐syn or d‐anti‐4‐hydroxyglutamic acid with high yield and stereoselectivity. Bioactive (2S,3R,4S)‐4‐hydroxy‐isoleucine was also efficiently prepared via an aldolase‐transaminase recycling cascade. In that case, the unexpected high stereoselectivity was shown to result from the thermodynamically‐driven formation of a stable derivative of the product. This novel approach was applied to the synthesis of l‐syn and d‐syn‐4‐hydroxynorvaline as well as for 3 new β‐branched‐γ‐hydroxy‐α‐amino acids, analogues of 4‐hydroxyisoleucine.
NaSCN‐Induced Cyano‐Rich Porous Graphitic Carbon Nitride with Sodium Dopant and Nitrogen Vacancies for Enhanced Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Zhang Handong , Zhu Zhiqi , Sun Yanyan , Zuo Mingqing , Zhou Han , Chen Yaping , Han Lei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractDefect engineering has been considered as an efficient and facile tactics to optimize the bandgap structure and improve the oxygen adsorption ability of graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4). Herein porous g‐C3N4 with nitrogen vacancies and sodium dopant as well as cyano (─C≡N) groups has been successfully constructed by direct pyrolysis of melamine in the presence of cyano‐rich sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN). Moreover, the incorporation of NaSCN is interestingly found to induce the relative high content of ─C≡N groups compared to other inorganic sodium compounds (NaCl, NaOH, and Na2SO4), which has been experimentally demonstrated to be beneficial for extending the light absorption range and promoting the efficient separation of photo‐generated electron–hole pairs as well as improving the oxygen adsorption ability. Benefiting from the above features, the optimal photocatalyst exhibits high H2O2 yield of 438.2 µm within 4 h and excellent cyclic stability.
Exploiting the Mixed Entropy Strategy for the Design of Fast Ion Conductors
Authors: Wu Yanlong , Wang Limin , Wei Saiqi , Bi Xuanxuan , Zhuo Haoxiang , Xiao Wei , Yu Tianwei , Duan Yi , Zhao Changtai , Yang Rong , Liang Jianwen , Li Xiaona , Wang Jiantao , Sun Xueliang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe inorganic solid‐state electrolytes play a crucial role in all‐solid‐state batteries. The entropy of solid‐state electrolytes has a significant impact on ion transport. It has been reported that ionic conductivity can be enhanced by increasing the entropy by adding multiple atoms to the materials. However, there is a lack of understanding regarding the potential mechanism between entropy and ion transport in the atomic‐level microstructure of materials. Herein, a new point of view is brought up to understand the influence of entropy on lithium ionic conductivity at an atomic level only by adding one element at a time inspired by the diagonal relationship. A series of materials is designed, including Li1.75Zr0.75Ta0.25Cl6, Li1.75Zr0.75Nb0.25Cl6, Li1.75Zr0.75Mo0.25Cl6, and Li1.75Zr0.75W0.25Cl6, with various mixed entropy, directed by diagonal relationship. It reveals that the substitution increases the mixed entropy, alters the disorder degree of cations around lithium ions, and improves ionic conductivity. Highlighting the importance of mixed entropy in ion migration and establishing the close connection between mixed entropy and ion conduction could provide new insights into the design and development of solid‐state electrolytes.
Targeted proteomics involved in cardiovascular health and heart rate variability in children with overweight/obesity
Authors: Plaza‐Florido Abel , Olvera‐Rojas Marcos , Alcantara Juan M. A. , Radom‐Aizik Shlomit , Ortega Francisco B. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundChildren with overweight/obesity often exhibit alterations in their plasma protein profiles and reduced heart rate variability (HRV). Plasma proteomics is at the forefront of identifying biomarkers for various clinical conditions. We aimed to examine the association between plasma‐targeted proteomics involved in cardiovascular health and resting vagal‐related HRV parameters in children with overweight/obesity.MethodsForty‐four children with overweight/obesity (10.2 ± 1.1 years old; 52% boys) participated in the study. Olink's technology was used to quantify 92 proteins involved in cardiovascular health. HRV was measured using a heart rate monitor (Polar RS800CX). Four resting vagal‐related HRV parameters were derived in time‐ and frequency‐domain.ResultsEight proteins (KIM1, IgG Fc receptor II‐b, IDUA, BOC, IL1RL2, TNFRSF11A, VSIG2, and TF) were associated with at least one out of the four vagal‐related HRV parameters (β values ranging from −0.188 to 0.288; all p < .05), while KIM1, IDUA, and BOC associated with ≥ three vagal‐related HRV parameters. Multiple hypothesis testing corrections did not reach statistical significance (false discovery rate [FDR >0.05]).ConclusionPlasma‐targeted proteomics suggested novel biomarkers for resting vagal‐related HRV parameters in children with overweight/obesity. Future studies using larger cohorts and longitudinal designs should confirm our findings and their potential clinical implications.
Effects of family life cycle events on individual Body Mass Index trajectories: Evidence from China
Authors: Jiang Yicen , Zhu Qin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPurposeBody mass index (BMI) is an important predictor of one's physiological health. China is a family‐centric nation compared to Western societies and has already entered an aged society. Exploring the characteristics and patterns of BMI changes during household events in China provides critical insights into the biological and social determinants of health, which can help enhance the scientific validity of health promotion measures and contribute to the realization of healthy aging goals in China.MethodsUsing data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) from 1993 to 2015, this article utilizes two‐level growth curve models with piecewise spline specifications for age to examine the effects of family life cycle events on BMI trajectories for age groups and gender differences.ResultsCompared to continuing status, experiencing transition in an individual's family life cycle could lead to more fluctuating variations in their BMI trajectories, generally, there is a faster increase in BMI during youth and a faster decline during old age. As for gender heterogeneity, males are more affected by divorce, widowhood, and empty nest, whereas females' BMI changes are influenced by entering/maintaining marriage and parenthood.ConclusionsA long‐term perspective has revealed the significance of family events on BMI throughout the life course. Future research should focus on the nutrition and health of specific populations, especially elderly individuals in vulnerable groups.
Germline PTCH1: c.361_362insAlu alteration identified by comprehensive exome and RNA sequencing in a patient with Gorlin syndrome
Authors: Mochizuki Aaron Y. , Nagaraj Chinmayee B. , Depoorter Douglas , Schieffer Kathleen M. , Kim Sun Young 
Published: June 2024

AbstractGorlin syndrome can be caused by pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in the tumor suppressor gene PTCH1 (9q22.1‐q31), which encodes the receptor for the sonic hedgehog (SHH) ligand. We present a 12‐month‐old boy clinically diagnosed with Gorlin syndrome who was found to have significantly delayed development, palmar pitting, palmar and plantar keratosis, short hands, frontal bossing, coarse face, hypertelorism, a bifid rib, misaligned and missing teeth, and SHH‐activated medulloblastoma. Genetic testing, including a pediatric cancer panel and genome sequencing with peripheral blood, failed to identify any P/LP variants in PTCH1. Paired tumor/normal exome sequencing was performed, which identified a germline NM_000264.5 (PTCH1): c.361_362ins? alteration through manual review of sequencing reads. Clinical RNA sequencing further demonstrated an Alu insertion at this region (PTCH1: c.361_362insAlu), providing molecular confirmation of Gorlin syndrome. This finding exemplifies a unique mechanism for PTCH1 disruption in the germline and highlights the importance of comprehensive analysis, including manual review of DNA sequencing reads and the utility of RNA analysis to detect variant types which may not be identified by routine genetic screening techniques.
Population differences in dental cementum growth rates: Implications for using cementum thickness as a method for age estimation
Authors: Cerrito Paola , Cherian Blessy E. , Hu Bin , Bromage Timothy G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractObjectivesAge at death estimation is a key element to many research questions in biological anthropology, archeology, and forensic science. Dental cementum is a tissue of choice for the estimation of age at death in adult individuals as it continues deposition for the entirety of an individual's life. Previous works have devised regression formulas correlating cementum thickness to age at death. However, interpopulation variances are unknown, and it is therefore not clear whether regressions based on a single population are applicable to individuals with different ancestries.Materials and MethodsHere, we use a sample (n = 52) of teeth from individuals with known age at tooth extraction/death of European, African, and East Asian ancestry to assess whether there are interpopulations differences in cementum growth rate. We measured growth rate in four different areas (2nd and 5th decile of both the lingual and buccal aspect of the root) of each tooth and used nonparametric tests to evaluate population differences in growth rate between homologous regions of the teeth.ResultsThe results of the analyses show that, even after controlling for tooth size, individuals of European ancestry have significantly lower growth rates than those of both African and East Asian ancestry across all four tooth areas.DiscussionThese results call into question the applicability of the regression formulas derived from European ancestry individuals to individuals of other ancestries.
Concurrent nutrient deficiencies are associated with dementia incidence
Authors: van Soest Annick P. M. , de Groot Lisette C. P. G. M. , Witkamp Renger F. , van Lent Debora Melo , Seshadri Sudha , van de Rest Ondine 
Published: June 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWhile observational research suggests a protective role for nutrition in brain aging, intervention studies remain inconclusive. This failing translation from observational to interventional research may result from overlooking nutrient interactions.METHODSWe developed a nutrient status index capturing the number of suboptimal statuses of omega‐3 fatty acids, homocysteine, and vitamin D (range 0 to 3). We associated this index with dementia incidence in a subsample (age ≥ 50 years) of the Framingham Heart Study Offspring cohort.RESULTSAmong 968 participants, 79 developed dementia over 15.5 years (median follow‐up). Each point increase in nutrient status index was associated with a 50% higher risk of dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.16, 1.96). Participants with three high‐risk statuses had a four‐fold increased risk of dementia compared to participants without high‐risk status (HR = 4.68; 95% CI = 1.69, 12.94).DISCUSSIONConcurrent nutrient deficiencies are associated with the risk of dementia. The potential of optimizing nutritional status to lower dementia risk warrants further study.Highlights
Nutrition and dementia research calls for multiple‐nutrient approaches.
We studied combined suboptimal statuses of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, homocysteine, and vitamin D.
Suboptimal status of the three nutrients was associated with dementia risk.
The risk estimate was larger than for other factors (ie, diabetes, apolipoprotein E ε4 carrier).
Future studies should assess the effect of improving nutrient status on dementia risk.
Herb pair of Huangqi‐Danggui exerts anti‐tumor immunity to breast cancer by upregulating PIK3R1
Authors: Liu Hai‐Xin , Lian Li , Hou Li‐Li , Liu Cai‐Xia , Ren Jin‐Hong , Qiao Yuan‐Biao , Wen Shi‐Yuan , Li Qing‐Shan 
Published: June 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccording to traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), drugs supplementing the vital energy, Qi, can eliminate tumors by restoring host immunity. The objective of this study is to investigate the underlying immune mechanisms of anti‐tumor activity associated with Qi‐supplementing herbs, specifically the paired use of Huangqi and Danggui.MethodsAnalysis of compatibility regularity was conducted to screen the combination of Qi‐supplementing TCMs. Using the MTT assay and a transplanted tumor mice model, the anti‐tumor effects of combination TCMs were investigated in vitro and in vivo. High content analysis and flow cytometry were then used to evaluate cellular immunity, followed by network pharmacology and molecular docking to dissect the significant active compounds and potential mechanisms. Finally, the anti‐tumor activity and the mechanism of the active ingredients were verified by molecular experiments.ResultsThere is an optimal combination of Huangqi and Danggui that, administered as an aqueous extract, can activate immunity to suppress tumor and is more effective than each drug on its own in vitro and in vivo. Based on network pharmacology analysis, PIK3R1 is the core target for the anti‐tumor immunity activity of combined Huangqi and Danggui. Molecular docking analysis shows 6 components of the combined Danggui and Huangqi extract (quercetin, jaranol, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, calycosin, and suchilactone) that bind to PIK3R1. Jaranol is the most important component against breast cancer. The suchilactone/jaranol combination and, especially, the suchilactone/kaempferol combination are key for immunity enhancement and the anti‐tumor effects of the extract.ConclusionsThe combination of Huangqi and Danggui can activate immunity to suppress breast cancer and is more effective than the individual drugs alone.
Hybrid Paper/Polyester‐Based Laser‐Induced Graphene Electrodes for Electrochemical Detection of Tadalafil
Authors: Souza Shellyda G. G. , Silva‐Neto Habdias A. , Rocha Danielly S. , de Siervo Abner , Paixão Thiago R. L. C. , Coltro Wendell K. T. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractHere, we describe for the first time the fabrication of laser‐induced graphene (LIG) electrodes on a hybrid substrate composed of sandpaper and polyester. As a proof of concept, the proposed device was used as a voltammetric sensor for tadalafil (TAD) quantification in authentic tablet samples. The electrochemical TAD sensing based on differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) revealed a linear behavior in the concentration range from 25 to 250 μmol L−1(R2=0.99), a limit of detection of ~9.6 μmol L−1, sensitivity of ~0.0048 μA(μmol L−1)−1 and acceptable reproducibility values (RSD≤5.8 %). The DPV responses involving the standard addition method in pharmaceutical samples presented recovery results of TAD ranging from 93 to 108 %. Also, the proposed analytical method offered a suitable green analytical chemistry profile. We successfully demonstrated the fabrication of graphene‐like sites and nanoparticles composed of alumina upon a hybrid substrate.