bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent shortening of the mature tropical cyclone stage over the western North Pacific
Authors: Song Jinjie , Klotzbach Philip J. , Jiang Sulin , Duan Yihong 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThis study investigates long‐term trends related to the mature stage duration of tropical cyclones (TCs) over the western North Pacific (WNP) during June–November between 1982 and 2021. There is a significant shortening in the mean duration of the WNP mature TC stage, which is defined as the period when a TC is within 5 kt of its lifetime maximum intensity. This shortening is induced by a significant (weak) poleward migration in the starting (ending) location of the WNP mature TC stage, which can be further explained by changes in environmental conditions. From 1982 to 2021, there have been significant increases in maximum potential intensity and 700–500‐hPa relative humidity over most of the WNP, which has broadly expanded the TC‐favorable area poleward. Consequently, WNP TCs can start their mature stages and reach their lifetime maximum intensities at higher latitudes. By contrast, there are only weak changes in 850‐hPa relative vorticity and 850–200‐hPa vertical wind shear (VWS). Given the dominant role of VWS in modulating the TC weakening rate, the TC‐suppressive area over the subtropical WNP has shown lesser changes, thus leading to insignificant changes in the ending location of the mature TC stage.
Using a brief experimental analysis for writing speed intervention identification
Authors: Schmidt Jonathan , Krantz Joelle , King Hunter , Vetter Jennifer , Maruska Catherine 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThe Brief Experimental Analysis (BEA) is an effective method for identifying interventions to improve academic skills but rarely been applied to individuals with writing deficits and individuals with intellectual disabilities. This study extends the BEA literature by identifying effective writing interventions to increase writing speed for a 16‐year‐old female with an intellectual disability. A BEA was used to evaluate four interventions (i.e., tracing, oral instruction, fixed ratio reinforcement, and response dependent reinforcer magnitude) for writing speed. Results identified fixed ratio reinforcement and response dependent reinforcer magnitude as most effective in increasing writing speed; results maintained over an extended treatment evaluation.
Pilot PET study of vaginally administered bioadhesive nanoparticles in cynomolgus monkeys: Kinetics and safety evaluation
Authors: Grun Molly K. , Honhar Praveen , Wang Yazhe , Rossano Samantha , Khang Minsoo , Suh Hee Won , Fowles Krista , Kliman Harvey J. , Cavaliere Alessandra , Carson Richard E. , Marquez‐Nostra Bernadette , Saltzman W. Mark 
Published: May 2024

AbstractLong‐lasting vaginal dosage forms could improve the therapeutic efficacy of vaginal microbicides, but achieving long‐term delivery to the vaginal canal has been a significant challenge. To advance understanding of vaginal dosage retention and biodistribution, we describe a method of noninvasive imaging with 89Zr‐labeled bioadhesive nanoparticles (BNPs) in non‐human primates. We additionally examined the safety of repeated BNP application. BNPs administered vaginally to cynomolgus monkeys were still detected after 24 h (1.7% retention) and 120 h (0.1% retention). BNPs did not translocate to the uterus or into systemic circulation. Analysis of inflammatory biomarkers in the vaginal fluid and plasma suggest that BNPs are safe and biocompatible, even after multiple doses. BNPs are a promising delivery vehicle for vaginally administered therapeutics. Further studies using the non‐human primate imaging materials and methods developed here could help advance clinical translation of BNPs and other long‐lasting vaginal dosage forms.
Polycyclic Pyrazolidines by Tandem Diazomalonate Dipolar Cycloadditions and CpRu‐Catalyzed Carbene Additions
Authors: Montagnon Claire , Bultel Joël R. , Besnard Céline , Guénée Laure , Lacour Jérôme 
Published: May 2024

AbstractThanks to the ability of diazo derivatives to react either as 1,3‐dipoles and as carbenes after dinitrogen extrusion, combinations of oxa or aza benzonorbornadienes and diazomalonates afford polycyclic pyrazolidines via a three‐step sequence of (i) a highly diastereoselective [3+2]‐cycloaddition, (ii) a CpRu‐catalyzed carbene addition, and (iii) a second dipolar cycloaddition. Of importance, step (II) represents a unique access to novel bench‐stable N,N‐cyclic azomethine imines, which behave as effective 1,3‐dipoles in combination with electron‐poor dipolarophiles. Each step proceeds efficiently and the 3‐step process can be performed in one‐pot to yield a polycyclic pyrazolidine in excellent overall yield (90 %).
Emergence of Quantum Dots as Innovative Tools for Early Diagnosis and Advanced Treatment of Breast Cancer
Authors: Díaz‐García Diana , Díaz‐Sánchez Miguel , Álvarez‐Conde Javier , Gómez‐Ruiz Santiago 
Published: May 2024

AbstractQuantum dots (QDs) semiconducting nanomaterials, have garnered attention due to their distinctive properties, including small size, high luminescence, and biocompatibility. In the context of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), notorious for its resistance to conventional treatments, QDs exhibit promising potential for enhancing diagnostic imaging and providing targeted therapies. This review underscores recent advancements in the utilization of QDs in imaging techniques, such as fluorescence tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, aiming at the early and precise detection of tumors. Emphasis is placed on the significance of QD design, synthesis and functionalization processes as well as their use in innovative strategies for targeted drug delivery, capitalizing on their ability to selectively deliver therapeutic agents to cancer cells. As the research in this field advances rapidly, this review covers a classification of QDs according to their composition, the characterization techniques than can be used to determine their properties and, subsequently, emphasizes recent findings in the field of TNBC‐targeting, highlighting the imperative need to address challenges, like potential toxicity or methodologies standardization. Collectively, the findings explored thus far suggest that QDs could pave the way for early diagnosis and effective therapy of TNBC, representing a significant stride toward precise and personalized strategies in treating TNBC.
Catalysts with Trimetallic Sites on Graphene‐like C2N for Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Reaction: A Theoretical Investigation
Authors: He Han‐Bin , Ding Xun‐Lei , Wang Ya‐Ya , Chen Yan , Wang Meng‐Meng , Chen Jiao‐Jiao , Li Wei 
Published: May 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) is a green and highly efficient way to replace the industrial Haber‐Bosch process. Herein, clusters consisting of three transition metal atoms loaded on C2N as NRR electrocatalysts are investigated using density functional theory (DFT). Meanwhile, Ca was introduced as a promoter and the role of Ca in NRR was investigated. It was found that Ca anchored to the catalyst can act as an electron donor and effectively promote the activation of N2 on M3. In both M3@C2N and M3Ca@C2N (M=Fe, Co, Ni), the limiting potential (UL) is less negative than that of the Ru(0001) surface and has the ability to suppress the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Among them, Fe3@C2N is suggested to be the most promising candidate for NRR with high thermal stability, strong N2 adsorption ability, low limiting potential, and good NRR selectivity. The concepts of trimetallic sites and alkaline earth metal promoters in this work provide theoretical guidance for the rational design of atomically active sites in electrocatalytic NRR.
Reversible Capture Mechanism of CO2 as a Zn(II)‐Methylcarbonate
Authors: Murillo Fernando , Zarate Ximena , Fernández‐Herrera María A. , Merino Gabriel 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn this study, we elucidate the reaction mechanism for capturing CO2 with the ZnL1(MeOH) complex (L1=diacetyl‐2‐(4‐methyl‐3‐thiosemicarbazone)‐3‐(2‐hydrazinatopyridine)) in a methanol solution, using density functional theory calculations. One pathway involves the protonation of ZnL1(MeOH) by methylcarbonic acid, followed by ligand exchange of MeOH with MeOCO2−. An alternative mechanism suggests a tautomerization between ZnL1(MeOH) and Zn(HL1)(OMe), followed by CO2 insertion. The latter pathway is energetically more favorable than the former and more complex than initially proposed. In fact, we unveiled that the solvent catalyzes tautomerization, as one explicit methanol molecule acts as a proton transfer agent. Then, Zn(HL1)(OMe) captures CO2, yielding a methylcarbonate bound to the metal center. The final step involves a rearrangement that leads to the cleavage of the Zn−O(Me)(COO) bond and the formation of a new Zn−O(COOMe) bond, along with the rotation of the methylcarbonate group. We consider an additional mechanism that combines tautomerization and ligand exchange but is endergonic and requires a high activation barrier for the ligand exchange. Furthermore, we evaluate the ligand basicity through the pKa calculated values of the Zn(II) complexes, the effects of varying the ligand from 4‐methyl‐thiosemicarbazone to 4‐ethyl (L2), 4‐phenethyl (L3), and 4‐benzyl (L4) derivatives, and reversibility of the reaction in an argon environment.
Field‐Induced Slow Magnetization Relaxation of a Tetrahedral S=2 FeIIS4‐Containing Complex
Authors: Pissas Michael , Ferentinos Eleftherios , Kyritsis Panayotis , Sanakis Yiannis 
Published: May 2024

AbstractIn the work described herein, the spin relaxation properties of the mononuclear tetrahedral S=2 [Fe{(SPiPr2)2N}2] complex (1) were studied by employing static and dynamic magnetic measurements at liquid helium temperatures. In the absence of an external direct current (DC) magnetic field, 1 exhibits fast magnetization relaxation. However, in the presence of external magnetic fields of a few kOe, slow relaxation is induced as monitored by alternating current (AC) magnetic susceptibility measurements up to 10 kHz, in the temperature range 2–5 K. Analysis of the temperature dependence of the corresponding relaxation time reveals contributions by Quantum Tunnelling of Magnetization, and the Direct and Orbach processes in the magnetization relaxation mechanism of 1. The energy barrier, Ueff, of the Orbach process, as determined by this analysis, is compared with that related to the zero‐field splitting parameters of 1 which were previously determined by high‐ frequency and ‐field electron paramagnetic resonance and Mössbauer spectroscopies.
Recyclable Organic Radical Electrodes for Metal‐Free Batteries
Authors: Mitra Thakur Ratul , Ma Ting , Shamblin Grant , Oka Suyash S. , Lalwani Suvesh M. , Easley Alexandra D. , Lutkenhaus Jodie L. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractOrganic batteries are one of the possible routes for transitioning to sustainable energy storage solutions. However, the recycling of organic batteries, which is a key step toward circularity, is not easily achieved. This work shows the direct recycling of poly(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy‐4‐yl) (PTMA) and poly(2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidinyloxy‐4‐yl acrylamide) (PTAm) based composite electrodes. After charge‐discharge cycling, the electrodes are deconstructed using a solubilizing‐solvent and then reconstructed using a casting‐solvent. The electrochemical properties of the original and recycled electrodes are compared using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic charge‐discharge (GCD) cycling, from which it is discovered using time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF‐SIMS) that recycling can be challenged by the formation of a cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI). In turn, an additive is proposed to modify the CEI layer and improve the properties after recycling. Last, an anionic rocking chair battery consisting of PTAm electrodes as both positive and negative electrodes is demonstrated, in which the electrodes are recycled to form a new battery. This work demonstrates the recycling of composite electrodes for organic batteries and provides insights into the challenges and possible solutions for recycling the next‐generation electrochemical energy storage devices.
Design and development of an LC compensated WPT system with multiple constant voltage outputs function
Authors: Sang Qingsong , Wang Yilin , Yang Lin , Zhou Xuebin 
Published: May 2024

SummaryWith the increasing demand for the constant voltage (CV) charging of multiple loads, this article proposes an LC compensated wireless power transfer (WPT) system with multiple load‐independent CV outputs function. Each transmission channel consists of a compensation capacitor and a compensation inductor forming a resonant loop. By configuring different combinations of compensation inductor and capacitor for each transmission channel, different CV outputs can be achieved without affecting the output voltages of other transmission channels. In addition, the proposed system can achieve near zero phase angle (ZPA) and zero‐voltage switching (ZVS) operations, thereby improving system efficiency. Firstly, a detailed theoretical derivation of the proposed system with multiple load‐independent CV outputs and ZPA operation is performed, and the detailed parameter design process is provided. Secondly, the implementation method of ZVS operation is introduced and verified through simulation. Finally, an experimental prototype of two transmission channels is taken as an example to verify the correctness and rationality of the proposed system.
Strong tracking adaptive window multi‐innovation cubature Kalman filter algorithm for lithium‐ion battery state of energy estimation
Authors: Lin Lin , Wang Shunli , Yang Xiao 
Published: May 2024

SummaryAccurate estimation of lithium‐ion battery state of energy (SOE) is an important prerequisite for prolonging battery life and ensuring battery safety. To achieve a high‐precision estimation of the SOE, while a ternary lithium‐ion battery being the specifically targeted in this study, a novel method for SOE estimation is proposed, which combines limited‐memory recursive least squares (LM‐RLS) with strong tracking adaptive window Multi‐innovation cubature Kalman filtering (STW‐MCKF). In the LM‐RLS algorithm, the model parameters at the current time are updated with a limited dataset to solve the data saturation problem and improve the recognition accuracy of the RLS algorithm. The CKF algorithm is optimized by the STW algorithm in the STW‐CKF algorithm to enhance its robustness under strong disturbances. Additionally, a self‐adaptive window multiple innovation strategy is proposed to improve the accuracy of SOE estimation and the stability of the CKF algorithm, while maintaining a balance between computational complexity and SOE estimation accuracy. To validate the effectiveness of the algorithm, experiments are conducted under DST and BBDST conditions. The results show that the STW‐MCKF algorithm has a maximum convergence time of 4 s and an SOE estimation error within 1.04% under DST conditions. Under BBDST conditions, the maximum convergence time is 3 s, and the SOE estimation error is within 2.34%. Furthermore, the STW‐MCKF algorithm demonstrates good stability under the two conditions, indicating the effectiveness of the proposed method for lithium‐ion battery SOE estimation.
An enhanced bio‐inspired energy‐efficient localization routing for mobile wireless sensor network
Authors: Tumula Sridevi , Rama Devi N , Ramadevi Y , Padmalatha E , Uyyala Ravi , Abualigah Laith , Chithaluru Premkumar , Kumar Manoj 
Published: May 2024

SummaryEnvironmental disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, floods, and landslides disrupt natural resources, human casualties, and so on. Early warning and alert of such events will help for preparedness to avoid human and economic causalities. Managing a disaster or emergency scenario is a difficult endeavor. These episodes of mass devastation, whether caused by natural disasters or man‐made disasters, result in massive losses of money, property, and lives as a result of inadequate response by the government and management authorities. As a result, actions must be taken to avoid these circumstances from occurring by discovering the causes of these catastrophes in advance and providing swift rescue procedures once the crisis happens. In a disaster situation, communication plays a vital role, and a lot of people turn towards it as a source of information conveyance/delivery for controlling the situation. Even these communication networks are damaged and incur tremendous losses during disasters. All the communication networks, including mobile wireless sensor networks (WSNs) deployed for communication, also suffer huge damage and face many challenges during disasters. Nature appears to deal with these issues well. WSN is inspired by several biological systems and processes that have intrinsically attractive properties such as adaptation, self‐organization, and self‐healing. In this paper, we proposed an enhanced bio‐inspired energy‐efficient localization (EBEEL) routing for Mobile WSN. The main focus of the proposed EBEEL algorithm is to overcome the challenges faced by peer‐existing routing protocols such as data aggregation, limited bandwidth, scalability, data redundancy, energy consumption, packet drops, load balancing, and Quality of Service (QoS).
Stress granule related‐genes during blastogenetic cycle of two colonial ascidians: Botryllus schlosseri compared to Botryllus primigenus
Authors: Drago Laura , Sasada Takumi , Sunanaga Takeshi , Ballarin Loriano 
Published: May 2024

AbstractBackgroundColonial ascidians are chordates known to reproduce both sexually and asexually. In the present study, we used the Mediterranean species Botryllus schlosseri and the Japanese Botryllus primigenus to investigate the possible role of tiar, ttp, and g3bp in the periodical renewal of the colonies, defined by generation changes or takeovers. In this scenario, the above genes, which codify key components for the formation of stress granules, storing specific mRNAs, can play a pivotal role, allowing the regulation of processes such as stress responses, cell proliferation, and stem cell development.ResultsWe characterized tiarx1, ttp, and g3bp2 sequences in B. schlosseri and B. primigenus. Then, we analyzed gene transcription by in situ hybridization in hemolymph cells and colony tissues, and we proceeded with quantification of the gene transcription by quantitative real‐time PCR, during the phases of the colonial blastogenetic cycle.ConclusionsOur results allowed us to assign a role in the development of the new colonial generations to the studied genes.
Inhibition of circDGKZ ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by targeting miR‐345‐5p/TLR4
Authors: Li Shiliang , Zhou Yan , Li KunSheng , Liu Lu , Fang Ming , Gao Hongfeng 
Published: May 2024

AbstractAimsThis study aims to explore the molecular mechanism of circular RNAs' (circRNAs) potential involvement in myocardial ischaemia–reperfusion injury (MIRI).Methods and resultsDifferently expressed genes in myocardial infarction (MI) were identified by screening the GEO database. Serum was collected from MI patients and healthy volunteers (n = 5 for each group). AC16 cells were cultured and exposed to hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) treatment for the cell experiments. Then candidate genes were validated in human serum and the H/R model. Quantitative real‐time PCR and western blot were used to detect expression of key molecules such as circDGKZ, miR‐345‐5p, and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4), as well as pyroptosis markers such as NOD‐like receptor thermal protein domain‐associated protein 3 (NLRP3), ASC, C‐caspase1, interleukin (IL)‐1β, and IL‐18. CircDGKZ was positively correlated in human serum (P < 0.05) and in AC16 cells (P < 0.01). Knockdown of circDGKZ inhibited cardiomyocyte pyroptosis and the TLR4/nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signalling pathway (all P < 0.05). A luciferase assay was used to detect the molecule interaction. MiR‐345‐5p was regulated by circDGKZ and regulated TLR4 in cardiomyocytes both through direct interaction (P < 0.01). The stability and distribution of circRNA or linear RNA were examined by subcellular localization and RNA decay assays. CircDGKZ was stably expressed in cardiomyocytes and mainly distributed in the cytoplasm (P < 0.01). Knockdown of circDGKZ also promoted the degradation of NLRP3 by inducing autophagy (P < 0.05). MIRI rat models were constructed (n = 5 for each group), and the cellular results were further confirmed in rat models (P < 0.05).ConclusionsKnockdown of circDGKZ interrupted pyroptosis and induced autophagy of cardiomyocytes via regulating miR‐345‐5p/TLR4/NF‐κB.
Hospital‐acquired infections as a risk factor for post‐traumatic epilepsy: A registry‐based cohort study
Authors: Chen Zhibin , Laing Joshua , Li Jian , O'Brien Terence J. , Gabbe Belinda J. , Semple Bridgette D. 
Published: May 2024

AbstractObjectiveHospital‐acquired infections are a common complication for patients with moderate or severe traumatic brain injury (TBI), contributing to morbidity and mortality. As infection‐mediated immune responses can predispose towards epilepsy, we hypothesized that post‐injury hospital‐acquired infections increase the risk of post‐traumatic epilepsy (PTE).MethodsA retrospective cohort study of adults with moderate to severe TBI was conducted using data from the Victorian State Trauma Registry in Australia. Infections were identified from the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision–Australian Modification (ICD‐10‐AM) codes, and diagnosis of PTE was determined by the Glasgow Outcome Scale – Extended questionnaire regarding epileptic fits at 24 months follow‐up.ResultsOf all TBI patients (n = 15 152), 24% had evidence of having had any type of infection, with the most common being pneumonia, urinary tract, and respiratory infections. Of those who responded to the PTE question at 24 months (n = 1361), 11% had developed PTE. Univariable analysis found that the incidence of PTE was higher in patients who had any type of infection compared to patients without an infection (p < 0.001). After adjustment for covariates associated with both development of PTE and risk of infection, multivariable analysis found a solid association between infection and PTE (adjusted RR = 1.59; 95% CI: 1.11–2.28; p = 0.011). Having any type of complicating infection acquired during admission was also associated with poor GOSE outcomes at subsequent follow‐ups (adjusted OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.11–0.35, p < 0.001).SignificanceThese findings suggest that hospital‐acquired infections contribute to PTE development after TBI. Future investigation into infections as a modifiable target to reduce poor outcomes after TBI is warranted.Plain Language SummaryHospital‐acquired infections are common in patients with traumatic brain injuries. A database study of adults with moderate or severe brain injuries in Australia examined whether these infections are associated with the development of epilepsy after a brain injury. 24% of patients had infections, with pneumonia and urinary tract infections being the most common. Of those surveyed 2 years after the injury, 11% developed post‐traumatic epilepsy. Patients with infections had a significantly higher risk of epilepsy, even when accounting for other known risk factors, and infections were also linked to poor outcomes more broadly. The study suggests that preventing hospital‐acquired infections could be a crucial target for improving outcomes after traumatic brain injuries.