bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome in dogs: 90 cases (1991–2008)
Authors: Fasanella Frank J. , Shivley Jacob M. , Wardlaw Jennifer L. , Givaruangsawat Sumalee 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Objective—To determine the prevalence of individual anatomic components of brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome (BAOS), including everted tonsils, and analyze the frequency with which each component occurs with 1 or more other components of BAOS in brachycephalic dogs.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—90 dogs with BAOS.
Procedures—Medical records were reviewed for signalment, clinical signs at time of admission, historical and physical examination findings, BAOS components found on laryngoscopic examination of the pharynx and larynx, surgical procedures performed, and perioperative complications.
Results—English Bulldogs (55/90 [61%]), Pugs (19/90 [21%]), and Boston Terriers (8/90 [9%]) were the most common breeds with BAOS. The most common components of BAOS were elongated soft palate (85/90 [94%]), stenotic nares (69/90 [77%]), everted laryngeal saccules (59/90 [66%]), and everted tonsils (50/90 [56%]). Dogs most commonly had 3 or 4 components of BAOS, with the most common combination being stenotic nares, elongated soft palate, everted laryngeal saccules, and everted tonsils. Dogs with stenotic nares were significantly more likely to have everted laryngeal saccules (50/69 [72%]), and dogs with everted laryngeal saccules were significantly more likely to have everted tonsils (39/59 [66%]). Postoperative surgical complications occurred in 12% (10/83) of dogs that received corrective surgery. No specific BAOS component made dogs more likely to have complications.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The prevalence of components of BAOS in brachycephalic dogs of this study differed from that reported previously, especially for everted tonsils. Thorough examination of the pharynx and larynx is necessary for detection of BAOS components.
Response rate after administration of a single dose of doxorubicin in dogs with B-cell or T-cell lymphoma: 41 cases (2006–2008)
Authors: Beaver Lynda M. , Strottner Gabriele , Klein Mary K. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Objective—To determine the response rate after administration of a single dose of doxorubicin in dogs with B-cell or T-cell multicentric or thymic lymphoma.
Design—Retrospective case series.
Animals—41 client-owned dogs with lymphoma.
Procedures—Medical records of dogs in which lymphoma was diagnosed between February 2006 and October 2008 were reviewed. Entry criteria included that dogs had a confirmed lymphoma that was immunophenotyped to be of B-cell or T-cell origin. Only dogs that received doxorubicin alone as their first chemotherapy treatment and were evaluated 1 week later were included in the study. Dogs were excluded when they had received prior treatment with corticosteroids. Medical records were reviewed to obtain signalment, stage and substage of lymphoma, and immunophenotype and to determine whether the dog had hypercalcemia at the time of diagnosis.
Results—Dogs with T-cell lymphoma had a significantly lower response rate to doxorubicin than did dogs with B-cell lymphoma. Twenty-five of 29 (86.2%) dogs with B-cell lymphoma had a complete response, compared with 2 of 12 dogs in the T-cell group that had a complete response. The overall response rate of dogs with B-cell lymphoma was 100%, compared with a response rate of 50% in dogs with T-cell lymphoma.
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Standard-of-care chemotherapy protocols for the treatment of dogs with lymphoma include doxorubicin. Many dogs with T-cell lymphoma did not respond to doxorubicin; therefore, multiagent protocols containing doxorubicin may not be optimal. Alternative protocols should be considered for dogs with T-cell lymphoma that do not respond to doxorubicin.
Panniculitis attributable to Mycobacterium goodii in an immunocompetent dog in Georgia
Authors: Krimer Paula M. , Phillips Kelly M. , Miller Doris M. , Sanchez Susan 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Case Description—A 5-year-old 38.3-kg (84.5-lb) mixed-breed dog was examined because of acute onset of lethargy and anorexia. Four days later, a raised, firm, warm 15 × 10-cm lesion was detected in the right caudal paralumbar area.
Clinical Findings—Cephalexin treatment yielded a poor response. Formalin-fixed tissue and fluid samples from the cystic areas of the lesion were submitted for cytologic and histologic examinations, routine bacterial and mycobacterial culture, and genus identification and 16S partial sequencing via PCR assays. Cytologic examination revealed chronic pyogranulomatous inflammation. Histologic examination by use of routine, Giemsa, silver, acid-fast, and modified acid-fast stains revealed multifocal nodular granulomatous panniculitis without identifiable organisms. Mycobacteria were initially identified via PCR assay and mycobacterial culture within 3 days. Mycobaterium goodii was speciated by use of partial 16S RNA sequence analysis.
Treatment and Outcome—The lesion resolved after long-term treatment with a combination of rifampin and clarithromycin and insertion of a Penrose drain. There has been no recurrence of the condition.
Clinical Relevance—M goodii is an environmental rapidly growing mycobacterium and is a zoonotic pathogen. Infections have not been previously reported in domestic animals in North America, although there are rare reports of infection in humans associated with surgery, especially surgical implants. Domestic animals are a potential sentinel for this non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in humans, although lack of speciation in infections of domestic animals likely underestimates the potential public health importance of this pathogenic organism. Current microbiological molecular methods allow for a rapid and inexpensive diagnosis.
Comparison of complications and long-term survival rates following hand-sewn versus stapled side-to-side jejunocecostomy in horses with colic
Authors: Freeman David E. , Schaeffer David J. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate survival rate and complications after jejunocecostomy in horses with colic and to compare outcomes after hand-sewn versus stapled side-to-side jejunocecostomy.
Design—Retrospective cohort study. Animals—32 horses.
Procedures—Information was retrieved from medical records and through telephone calls on horses that had a hand-sewn or stapled side-to-side jejunocecostomy for treatment of colic, which was performed by or under the supervision of the same surgeon. KaplanMeier life table analysis was used to compare survival times and rates between horses that underwent a hand-sewn or stapled side-to-side anastomosis.
Results—32 horses met inclusion criteria; 22 underwent a hand-sewn anastomosis, and 10 underwent a stapled anastomosis. Horses in the stapled group had a significantly greater prevalence of postoperative colic and combined postoperative colic and reflux than horses in the hand-sewn group. In the hand-sewn group, repeated celiotomy was performed within the same hospitalization period for 3 of 22 horses; in the stapled group, 4 of 10 horses had repeated celiotomies. Hospital discharge rates (ie, short-term survival rates) were similar between horses in the hand-sewn group (20/22 horses) and those in the stapled group (9/10 horses). Long-term survival rates were similar for both groups, ranging from 5 to 126 months. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Short- and long-term results justify use of jejunocecostomy in horses. Despite similar survival rates between groups, horses that underwent a stapled anastomosis had significantly greater prevalences of postoperative complications than horses that underwent a hand-sewn anastomosis, suggesting that horses were sensitive to minor differences in anastomosis techniques.
Repeated testing by use of culture and PCR assay to detect Tritrichomonas foetus carrier bulls in an infected Nebraska herd
Authors: Ondrak Jeff D. , Keen James E. , Rupp Gary P. , Kennedy James A. , McVey D. Scott , Baker William D. 
Published: November 2010

Abstract
Objective—To compare methods for identification of bulls that were carriers for Tritrichomonas foetus during an outbreak on a large beef ranch and determine whether the percentage of nonpregnant cows was associated with the percentage of bulls infected with T foetus.
Design—Epidemiological study.
Animals—121 Angus and Hereford bulls (1.5 to 6 years old) and 2,960 Angus-cross cows (2.5 to 14 years old) managed as 5 herds on a Nebraska beef ranch.
Procedures—3 sequential preputial scrapings collected from the bulls at 12- to 27-day intervals were cultured, and cultures were examined for live T foetus daily for 5 days. On day 5, aliquots of the culture fluid were tested by means of T foetus-specific gel and real-time PCR assays. Cows were tested for pregnancy by means of rectal palpation.
Results—For 361 preputial scrapings obtained from 121 bulls, results of culture and gel PCR assay were in close agreement. The real-time PCR assay had similar sensitivity to culture and the gel PCR assay but generated more false-positive results. Twenty-four of the 121 (19.8%) bulls were identified as infected with T foetus. For the 5 ranch herds, there was a positive linear correlation between percentage of infected bulls (range, 0% to 40%) and percentage of nonpregnant cows (range, 8.3% to 19.2%).
Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that a combination of culture and the gel PCR assay performed on 3 sequential preputial scrapings was the best method for identifying bulls that were carriers for T foetus during this herd outbreak.
Hip Joint Capsule Disruption in a Young Female Gymnast
Authors: Greenberg Elliot , Wells Lawrence 
Published: November 2010

The patient was an 11-year-old competitive gymnast with a 6-month history of left anteromedial hip pain and an internal snapping sensation, after experiencing pain and a deep “pop” in her hip after performing a hip hyperabduction maneuver. Hip radiographs taken at the time of the injury were normal. Despite activity modification, the patient's symptoms persisted. The patient was then referred to an orthopaedic surgeon who ordered magnetic resonance imaging of the patient's left hip, which was interpreted as normal. The orthopaedic surgeon recommended conservative management by a physical therapist. Following 2 months of treatment by the physical therapist, strength testing of the left hip was normal; however, hip range-of-motion findings were unchanged, and the patient was not able to return to gymnastics secondary to persistent pain, prompting referral to the orthopaedic surgeon. A magnetic resonance arthrogram was obtained, which revealed a possible capsular perforation or partial detachment of the distal posterior insertion of the joint capsule of the left hip. Based upon the physical examination findings and results from magnetic resonance imaging, the orthopaedic surgeon recommended strict avoidance from gymnastics, as well as any lower extremity stretching or impact activities for 6 months. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(11):761. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0418
Spinal Schwannoma in a Young Adult
Authors: Desai Mehul J. , Padmanabhan Girish 
Published: November 2010

The patient was a 19-year-old male, who was referred to a university spine center for joint evaluation by a physician and a physical therapist, for a chief complaint of persistent low back pain and right quadriceps tightness that were worse at night. The patient began experiencing his symptoms 5 months earlier while rock climbing. Prior to this evaluation, radiographs of the lumbar spine had been completed and were interpreted as normal. Additionally, treatment by a physical therapist did not result in improvement and the patient was not able to return to his preinjury activity level. Despite the lack of physical examination findings, magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine was ordered. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 4-cm mass in the distal thoracic spinal canal. The findings were consistent with a schwannoma, a nerve sheath tumor that is typically benign. However, given the large size of this schwannoma and the potential for neurologic compromise, surgical resection was recommended. Following surgical intervention, the patient was treated by a physical therapist and is currently asymptomatic after returning to his preinjury activities. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(11):762. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.0419
Electromyographic Analysis of Transversus Abdominis and Lumbar Multifidus Using Wire Electrodes During Lumbar Stabilization Exercises
Authors: Okubo Yu , Kaneoka Koji , Imai Atsushi , Shiina Itsuo , Tatsumura Masaki , Izumi Shigeki , Miyakawa Shumpei 
Published: November 2010

Study Design Experimental laboratory study. Objectives To measure trunk muscle activity using wire electrodes during lumbar stabilization exercises and to examine if more effective exercises to activate the deep trunk muscles (local muscles) exist. Background Lumbar stabilization exercises are performed to improve motor control of trunk muscles. However, the magnitude of activation of local muscles during lumbar stabilization exercises is not clear. Methods Nine healthy men with no history of lumbar spine disorders participated in the study. Fine-wire electrodes were inserted into the transversus abdominis (TrA) and lumbar multifidus, bilaterally. In addition, surface electrodes were attached to the rectus abdominis, external obliques, and erector spinae, bilaterally. Electromyographic signal amplitude was measured during the following exercises: elbow-toe, hand-knee, back bridge, side bridge, and curl-up. Two-way analyses of variance were used to compare muscle activity level among exercises and between sides for each muscle. Results The exercise showing the greatest activity level for the TrA was elbow-toe exercise with contralateral arm and leg lift. In addition, for the TrA, a significant side-to-side difference in activation level was demonstrated for 7 of the 11 exercises that were performed. The activity level of the multifidus was greatest during the back bridge exercises. The curl-up exercise generated the highest activity level for the rectus abdominis and the back bridge, with single-leg lift exercises generating the highest erector spinae activity. Conclusions The exercises investigated in this study resulted in a wide range of effort level for all 5 muscles monitored. Many of the exercises also resulted in an asymmetrical (right versus left side) activation level for a muscle, including the TrA. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(11):743–750. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3192
Lumbar disc rehydration postimplantation of a posterior dynamic stabilization system
Authors: Cho Bo Young , Murovic Judith , Park Kyung Woo , Park Jon 
Published: November 2010

Biological attempts at disc regeneration are promising; however, disc degeneration is closely related to other predisposing factors such as alteration of disc height, intradiscal pressure, load distribution, and motion. The restoration of the physiological status of the affected spinal segment is thus necessary prior to attempts at disc regeneration. Dynamic stabilization systems now offer the potential of a mechanical approach to intervertebral disc regeneration.The authors used decompression and placement of the BioFlex dynamic stabilization device to treat a young male patient with disc degeneration. This patient underwent follow-up, and he was found to gradually improve both neurologically and radiographically. On MR imaging performed 1 year postoperatively, he had an increase in disc height and disc rehydration. This case and the concept of disc rehydration are presented in this paper.
Are existing outcome instruments suitable for assessment of spinal trauma patients?
Authors: Stadhouder Agnita , Buckens Constantinus F. M. , Holtslag Herman R. , Öner F. Cumhur 
Published: November 2010

Object
Valid outcome assessment tools specific for spinal trauma patients are necessary to establish the efficacy of different treatment options. So far, no validated specific outcome measures are available for this patient population. The purpose of this study was to assess the current state of outcome measurement in spinal trauma patients and to address the question of whether this group is adequately served by current disease-specific and generic health-related quality-of-life instruments.

Methods
A number of widely used outcome measures deemed most appropriate were reviewed, and their applicability to spinal trauma outcome discussed. An overview of recent movements in the theoretical foundations of outcome assessment, as it pertains to spinal trauma patients has been attempted, along with a discussion of domains important for spinal trauma.
Commonly used outcome measures that are recommended for use in trauma patients were reviewed from the perspective of spinal trauma. The authors further sought to select a number of spine trauma–relevant domains from the WHO's comprehensive International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) as a benchmark for assessing the content coverage of the commonly used outcome measurements reviewed.

Results
The study showed that there are no psychometrically validated outcome measurements for the spinal trauma population and there are no commonly used outcome measures that provide adequate content coverage for spinal trauma domains.

Conclusions
Spinal trauma patients are currently followed either as a subset of the polytrauma population in the acute and early postacute setting or as a subset of neurological injury in the long-term revalidation medicine setting.
Preliminary proposal for surgical classification of sacral tumors
Authors: Zhang Zhiyu , Hua Yingqi , Li Guodong , Sun Wei , Hu Shuo , Li Jian , Cai Zhengdong 
Published: November 2010

ObjectThe authors propose a new surgical classification method for sacral tumors that improves the guidance for specific surgical decisions and approaches.MethodsThe authors retrospectively studied the clinical courses of 92 patients with sacral tumors treated at the Changhai Hospital; all patients underwent tumor resection between January 2000 and August 2005. The clinical characteristics, imaging features, and pathological classifications were carefully assessed in each case. The tumors were classified according to the imaging features and intraoperative findings. The surgical approach and the resection area were determined according to the tumor classification.ResultsThe proposed surgical classification system divided the sacral tumors into 2 major types according to the lesion's anatomical position in the sagittal plane. The tumors were further divided into 4 subtypes according to the length of the tumor's anterior protrusion into the pelvic cavity. Finally, each tumor subtype was classified into 16 areas according to the anatomical position in the cross-sectional plane. This classification method was used to categorize the sacral tumors, all of which were totally resected under the naked eye. Postoperatively symptoms were improved to varying degrees.ConclusionsThe appropriate classification of sacral tumors and the selection of a corresponding surgical approach can improve the rate of total resection and the surgical safety, as well as decrease the recurrence rate.
Morbidity and mortality in the surgical treatment of 10,242 adults with spondylolisthesis
Authors: Sansur Charles A. , Reames Davis L. , Smith Justin S. , Hamilton D. Kojo , Berven Sigurd H. , Broadstone Paul A. , Choma Theodore J. , Goytan Michael James , Noordeen Hilali H. , Knapp Dennis Raymond , Hart Robert A. , Zeller Reinhard D. , Donaldson William F. , Polly David W. , Perra Joseph H. , Boachie-Adjei Oheneba , Shaffrey Christopher I. 
Published: November 2010

Object
This is a retrospective review of 10,242 adults with degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS) from the morbidity and mortality (M&M) index of the Scoliosis Research Society (SRS). This database was reviewed to assess complication incidence, and to identify factors that were associated with increased complication rates.

Methods
The SRS M&M database was queried to identify cases of DS and IS treated between 2004 and 2007. Complications were identified and analyzed based on age, surgical approach, spondylolisthesis type/grade, and history of previous surgery. Age was stratified into 2 categories: > 65 years and ≤ 65 years. Surgical approach was stratified into the following categories: decompression without fusion, anterior, anterior/posterior, posterior without instrumentation, posterior with instrumentation, and interbody fusion. Spondylolisthesis grades were divided into low-grade (Meyerding I and II) versus high-grade (Meyerding III, IV, and V) groups. Both univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.

Results
In the 10,242 cases of DS and IS reported, there were 945 complications (9.2%) in 813 patients (7.9%). The most common complications were dural tears, wound infections, implant complications, and neurological complications (range 0.7%–2.1%). The mortality rate was 0.1%. Diagnosis of DS had a significantly higher complication rate (8.5%) when compared with IS (6.6%; p = 0.002). High-grade spondylolisthesis correlated strongly with a higher complication rate (22.9% vs 8.3%, p < 0.0001). Age > 65 years was associated with a significantly higher complication rate (p = 0.02). History of previous surgery and surgical approach were not significantly associated with higher complication rates. On multivariate analysis, only the grade of spondylolisthesis (low vs high) was in the final best-fit model of factors associated with the occurrence of complications (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
The rate of total complications for treatment of DS and IS in this series was 9.2%. The total percentage of patients with complications was 7.9%. On univariate analysis, the complication rate was significantly higher in patients with high-grade spondylolisthesis, a diagnosis of DS, and in older patients. Surgical approach and history of previous surgery were not significantly correlated with increased complication rates. On multivariate analysis, only the grade of spondylolisthesis was significantly associated with the occurrence of complications.