bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GENOME-WIDE DNA METHYLATION RISK SCORES FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA DERIVED FROM BLOOD AND BRAIN TISSUES FURTHER EXPLAIN THE GENETIC RISK IN PATIENTS STRATIFIED BY POLYGENIC RISK SCORES FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA AND BIPOLAR DISORDER
Authors: Ohi *Kazutaka , Shimada Mihoko , Soda Midori , Nishizawa Daisuke , Fujikane Daisuke , Takai Kentaro , Kuramitsu Ayumi , Muto Yukimasa , Sugiyama Shunsuke , Hasegawa Junko , Kitaichi Kiyoyuki , Ikeda Kazutaka , Shioiri Toshiki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). Among genetic risk groups stratified by combinations of polygenic risk score (PRS) deciles for SZ, BD, and SZ vs. BD, genetic SZ risk groups had high SZ risk and prominent cognitive impairments. Furthermore, epigenetic alterations are implicated in these disorders.

Aims & Objectives
However, it was unclear whether DNA methylation risk scores (MRSs) for SZ risk derived from blood and brain tissues were associated with SZ risk, particularly the PRS-stratified genetic SZ risk group.

Method
Epigenome-wide association studies (EWASs) of SZ risk in whole blood were preliminarily conducted between 66 SZ patients and 30 healthy controls (HCs) and among genetic risk groups [individuals with low genetic risk for SZ and BD in HCs (n=30) and in SZ patients (n=11), genetic BD risk in SZ patients (n=25), and genetic SZ risk in SZ patients (n=30)] stratified by combinations of PRSs for SZ, BD, and SZ vs. BD. Next, differences in MRSs based on independent EWASs of SZ risk in whole blood, postmortem frontal cortex (FC), and superior temporal gyrus (STG) were investigated among our case- control and PRS-stratified genetic risk status groups.

Results
Among case-control and genetic risk status groups, 33 and 351 genome-wide significant differentially methylated positions (DMPs) associated with SZ were identified, respectively, many of which were hypermethylated. Compared with the low genetic risk in HCs group, the genetic SZ risk in SZ group had 39 genome-wide significant DMPs, while the genetic BD risk in SZ group had only six genome- wide significant DMPs. The MRSs for SZ risk derived from whole blood, FC, and STG were higher in our SZ patients than in HCs in whole blood and were particularly higher in the genetic SZ risk in SZ group than in the low genetic risk in HCs and genetic BD risk in SZ groups. Conversely, the MRSs for SZ risk based on our whole-blood EWASs among genetic risk groups were also associated with SZ in the FC and STG. There were no correlations between the MRSs and PRSs.

Discussion & Conclusion
These findings suggest that the MRS is a potential genetic marker in understanding SZ, particularly in patients with a genetic SZ risk.
NASAL EPITHELIAL INPUT DRIVES KETAMINE-ENHANCED HIGH- FREQUENCY OSCILLATIONS IN FREELY MOVING RATS
Authors: Hunt *Mark Jeremy , Podolecka Wiktoria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Subanesthetic doses of ketamine are used to model psychoses and for the treatment of depression. The mechanism though which ketamine achieves its effects are not fully understood. Ketamine is known to significantly increase the power of high-frequency oscillations (HFO, 130-180 Hz) in many rodent brain regions. Our previous findings have shown that the olfactory bulb is an important generator of ketamine-enhanced HFO, and may orchestrate this activity in other areas.

Aims & Objectives
The nasal epithelia houses olfactory sensory neurons whose axons directly innervate the olfactory bulb. Here we tested that the enhancement of HFO, after ketamine, is dependent on input from the nasal epithelia.

Method
Local field potentials were recorded from the olfactory bulb, ventral striatum and prefrontal cortex of freely moving rats. Damage to the nasal epithelia was induced by intranasal gadolinium infusion. Rats received intraperitoneal ketamine 25 mg/kg injection before and at different time points up to two weeks after nasal infusion.

Results
Gadolinium nasal infusion, but not saline, was associated with a reduction in respiration rhythm recorded in the olfactory bulb. Ketamine-enhanced HFO power were significantly reduced in all regions we recorded. This effect lasted at least 7 days and was associated with a gradual recovery thereafter. Ketamine-enhanced locomotion was not affected by intranasal gadolinium.

Discussion And Conclusion
These findings show that ketamine-enhanced HFO in the olfactory bulb, and other brain regions, are dependent on input from the nasal epithelium.
The authors wish to thank NCN (grant 2021/41/B/NZ4/03882) for funding this project.
VISUAL HALLUCINATIONS IN PARKINSON’ S DISEASE WERE ASSOCIATED WITH DECREASING BLOOD FLOW IN THE BILATERAL POSTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX ON 123I-IMP-SPECT
Authors: Ito *Masanobu , Hatano Taku , Horie Junko , Katsuta Narimasa , Oyama Genko , Takeshige-Amano Haruka , Ogawa Takashi , Sasaki Fuyuko , Shimo Yasushi , Umemura Atsushi , Iwamuro Hirokazu , Kamagata Koji , Nakanishi Atsushi , Aoki Shigeki , Hattori Nobutaka , Kato Takafumi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Psychosis is known as one of the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’ s disease (PD). Psychosis is typically associated with an increased burden regarding living activities in PD and thus constitutes a serious public health problem.

Aims & Objectives
We hypothesized that the visual hallucinations associated with PD would be predicted by neurodegeneration of specific regions. We consecutively enrolled 228 patients with PD between October 2016 and March 2021 at Juntendo University Hospital in Japan.

Method
All patients were assessed for motor function, cognition, mental state, and REM sleep-related events using the REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) Single-Question Screen (RBD1Q), and for regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using N-isopropyl-p-123I-iodoamphetamine single photon emission tomography.

Results
The patients were divided into two groups: one with a history of visual hallucinations (Hal-PD; n = 119) and one without (nHal-PD; n = 109). Three factors were associated with Hal-PD: sex and scores on both the RBD1Q and Odor Stick Identification Test for Japanese (OSIT-J). In single photon emission tomography data, rCBF in the bilateral posterior cingulate (PC) and right cuneus were significantly lower in the Hal-PD than in the nHal-PD group. RBD1Q scores were associated with rCBF in the bilateral PC.

Discussion & Conclusions
Visual hallucinations were associated with rCBF in the bilateral PC and OSIT-J scores. Especially, rCBF in the left PC was an independent risk factor. RBD1Q scores were significantly associated with Hal-PD. RBD1Q scores may be an easy surrogate factor for visual hallucinations in settings where rCBF cannot be measured.
DRUG CONCENTRATIONS IN BLOOD AND BREAST MILK WHILE TAKING PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS-PRELIMINARY STUDY-
Authors: Fujii *Kumiko , Maekawa Masamitsu , Tsuji Shunichiro , Sumi Yukiyoshi , Fujikawa Ryoko , Murakami Takashi , Ozeki Yuji 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The perinatal period is a time when psychiatric disorders frequently occur. Promotion of breastfeeding is recommended by WHO and other organizations, and is considered important for mother-infant attachment formation, but expectant mothers taking psychotropic drugs tend to avoid breastfeeding due to less accurate information. Currently, scientific and empirical data on breastfeeding are available, but these data are limited. We report here the results of a study to determine drug concentrations in the blood and breast milk of lactating women taking psychotropic drugs.

Aims & Objectives
This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shiga University of Medical Science. The subjects were lactating women undergoing treatment at the Department of Psychiatry, Shiga University Hospital, and consent for the study was obtained in writing before the study was conducted. Blood levels of medications were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital. Blood samples were taken at 6:00 in the morning, and breast milk was collected on the same day as the blood samples.

Results
The subjects were those who had been taking brocizolam before pregnancy and those who had been taking lorazepam 0.5 mg as an abortive dose. The blood concentration of brocizolam was 5.12 ng/ml, which was within the therapeutic range. However, it was not detected in breast milk. As for lorazepam, it was lower than the recommended concentration from Therapeutic Drug Monitoring for blood levels (1), and it is also low in breast milk. We will present the results of other psychotropic medications at the meeting.

Discussion & Conclusion
The blood and breast milk concentrations of patients taking psychotropic drugs were measured. The data of brotizolam is not listed on Hale's Medications Mother's Milk2023 which is often used to determine the acceptability of breastfeeding. The package inserts for many benzodiazepines state that they may pass into human milk and cause lethargy, weight loss, etc. in newborns. In fact, the package insert for brotizolam also states that breastfeeding should be avoided, but it was suggested that the effect on the infant might be low. Lorazepam was also detected, but at low levels. Both of these medications might appear to be safe to administer to nursing mothers. We will increase the number of cases and measure multiple psychotropic drugs in the future.

References
(1)Hiemke C, Bergemann N, Clement HW, et al. 2018. Consensus Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Neuropsychopharmacology: Update 2017. Pharmacopsychiatry. 51(1-02):9-62
CLINICAL IMPLICATION OF MAUMGYEOL BASIC BIOTYPES – EEG- AND PPG-BASED BWAVE STATE INVENTORY (EBSI)
Authors: Kwon *Hyesun , Kim Yunsu , Kim Jeongin , Lee Seung-Hwan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The development of individual subtypes based on biomarkers offers an intriguing and timely avenue for capturing individual factors pertaining to mental health independent from individuals’ insights.

Aims & Objectives
Incorporating 2-channel electroencephalography (EEG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG), we sought to develop subtype classification system with clinical relevance.

Method
One hundred healthy participants and 99 patients with psychiatric disorders were recruited. Classification thresholds were established using the EEG and PPG data from 2,278 individuals without mental disorders, which used to classify subtypes of 199 participants. MANOVA (Multiple Analysis of Variance) was applied to examine psychological differences between the subtypes. K-means clustering was employed to verify the classification system.

Results
The distribution of subtypes differed between healthy participants and those with psychiatric disorders. Cognitive ability differed depending on brain subtypes, whereas mind subtypes showed significant differences in symptom severity, overall health, and cognitive stress. K-means clustering revealed that the results of our theory-based classification and data-driven classification are comparable.

Discussion & Conclusion
The utilization of EEG and PPG signals for subtype classification offers potential for the future of digital mental healthcare.
OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS FOR INFLAMED DEPRESSION – A MATCH/MISMATCH STUDY
Authors: Lindahl *Jesper , Suneson Klara , Söderberg Gustav , Tjernberg Johanna , Ståhl Darya , Ventorp Simon , Ängeby Filip , Lundblad Karl , Wolkowitz Owen M , Lindqvist Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Despite decades of research on the pathophysiology of depression, the development of new therapeutic interventions has been slow, and no biomarkers of treatment response have been clinically implemented. Several lines of evidence suggets that the clinical and biological heterogeneity among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has hampered progress in this field. MDD with low-grade inflammation - "inflamed depression" - is a subtype of depression that may be associated with the superior antidepressant treatment response to anti-inflammatory compounds. Omega-3 fatty acoid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) has anti-inflammatory properties, and preliminary data suggest that it may be particulary efficacious in inflamed depression.

Aims And Objectives
In this study we tested the hypothesis that add-on EPA has greater antidepressant efficacy in MDD patients with high baseline high-sensititivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) compared to MDD patients with low hs-CRP.

Method
All subjects recevied 2.2 g EPA/day for 8 weeks, added to stable ongoing antidepressant treatment. The primary outcome was change in the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-17). Patients and raters were blind to baseline hs-CRP status.

Results
In an intention-to-treat analysis including all subjects with at least one post baseline visit (n=101), a hs- CRP cut-off of &gt;=1 mg/L, bot not &gt;=3 mg/L, was associated with a greater improvement in HAMD-17 total score. In addition to a general antidepressant effect among patients with hs-CRP &gt;= 1 mg/L, adjuvant EPA treatment improved symptoms putatively related to inflamed depression such as fatigue and sleep difficulties.

Discussion And Conclusion
The results suggests that EPA supplementation has a greater antidepressant effect in patients with mildy-moderately elevated hs-CRP compared to patients with lower hs-CRP. These findings add to the mounting evidence that stratificaton of MDD-subgroups based on inflammatory markers may be relevant to predict response to anti-inflammator interventions. Altough more studies are needed to confirm the most optimal cut-off to define these subgroups, this and other similar studies have the potential to facilitate the developement of targeted interventions and thereby break ground for precision medicine in psychiatry.
APELIN AS A NOVEL MEDIATOR OF ANTIDEPRESSANT EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE
Authors: Yu *Jiasui , Yau Suk-Yu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Physical exercise is known to be the best effective antidepressant for depression; however, its underlying mechanism is still largely unknown. Identifying the molecular mechanisms underlying the antidepressant effect of physical exercise can provide therapeutic targets for treating depression. Apelin, a novel myokine linked to sarcopenia, can elicit antidepressant effects and influence hippocampal neuroplasticity in rodent studies. Physical exercise in humans is effective in preventing both sarcopenia and depression. A recent study has shown that physical exercise counteracts sarcopenia by restoring decrease in apelin levels of aged mice and humans, suggesting the important role of apelin in both sarcopenia and depression. By using a mouse model of depression induced by chronic unpredictable stress (CUS), here we found that stressed mice showed significantly decreased protein expression of apelin and its receptor (APJ) in the hippocampus, whereas 4-weeks voluntary exercise rescued depression-like behaviour in association with increased Apelin/APJ levels and neurogenesis in the hippocampus, and lower limb muscles including gastrocnemius (Gas), and tibialis anterior (TA) of stressed mice. Specific knockout of Apelin in skeletal muscle attenuated the antidepressant effect of voluntary exercise, suggesting the key role of apelin in mediating the antidepressant effect of physical exercise. In contrast, overexpression of apelin in Gas and TA muscles mimicked antidepressant effects of physical exercise in the CUS mouse model. These data suggest that the potential role of apelin mediating the crosstalk of the muscle-brain axis on sarcopenia-associated depression, and provide a novel potential therapeutic target for treating geriatric depression.
TRANSCRANIAL PULSE STIMULATION (TPS) OPENS UP NEW HORIZONS IN THE TREATMENT OF PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: Ziegenbein *Marc , Sprick Ulrich , Cheng Calvin , Cheung Teris 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
With transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS), a new, non-invasive brain stimulation procedure has been available since 2019 that, unlike previous methods, is based on the principle of mechanotransduction using shock waves.

Aims & Objectives
Individual MRI data sets form the basis for the infrared-assisted neuronavigation of the TPS and thus enable personalized neuromodulation. Various neurophysiological factors are discussed with regard to the specific mechanisms of action. Mechanical effects of TPS on the cell membrane, both in neurons and in glial cells, influence ion channels and lead to a change in cell membrane permeability. Changes in the levels of various neurotransmitters were observed after TPS treatment: In addition to increases in extracellular dopamine and serotonin levels, a reduction in GABA levels was noticeable. In addition, TPS treatment could lead to an increase in the levels of trophic factors (e.g. brain derived neurotrophic factor - BDNF and vacular endothelial growth factor - VEGF). Depending on the site of stimulation, there is also a reversible opening of the blood-brain barrier.

Method, Results & Discussion
CE certification for the treatment of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has now been obtained in Europe and the first promising publications are available. The participants of this symposium are leading psychiatrists and psychologists and share their interdisciplinary expertise on TPS from the fields of science, research and practice. In addition to experiences from the practical application of TPS through real-word data from patients with AD, the speakers will also present results on off-label indications, such as TPS treatment with psychiatric (MDD, autism and ADHD) and post-Covid patients. The aim is to discuss the opportunities, risks and limitations of TPS and to venture an outlook on AI-supported innovative screening and monitoring tools.
TRANSCRANIAL PULSE STIMULATION (TPS) – NEW PERSPECTIVES IN TREATMENT OF DEMENTIA IN ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE?
Authors: Ziegenbein *Marc , Penkov Cassandra , Rößner-Ruff Vanessa , Friedrich Kathrin , Clark Daniel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Dementia is one of the most common mental illnesses. The impairment of a normal symptom-free life according to DALY is, next to depression, the second most pronounced with deficits in social and everyday behaviour. Early and adequate treatment is of high relevance. Dementia in Alzheimer's disease is often associated with depressive symptoms. A psychiatric clinic in Lower Saxony (Wahrendorff clinic, Germany) has focused on treating patients with this diagnosis as early as possible on an outpatient basis. For this purpose TPS is used. With the aim of releasing growth factors and contributing an improvement in cerebral blood flow, low-frequency sound pulses are introduced into brain regions in order to promote and maintain cognitive performance. Some studies have found positive effects, although more research is needed. The aim of the current study is to investigate the development of cognitive performance and depressive symptom severity over the course of treatment with TPS, focus on the question if there is an improvement.

Methods
Cognitive performance (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MOCA) and depressive symptom severity (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS) are assessed at the beginning of the treatment (t1) and every three months during the course of treatment from patients with a diagnosis of Dementia in Alzheimer's disease who have undergone treatment with TPS since june 2021 (n = 80) in the outpatient setting of Wahrendorff clinic. In this study a follow-up until 9 months of treatment (t3) should be considered.

Results
Analysis of variance with repeated measurement show a minimal increase in mean values of MOCA from the different measurement points, without statistical significance (mean value MOCA t1 = 12.94 vs. t2 = 13.05, p n.s.). Analysis of variance with repeated measurement show that there is a statistical significant difference in the mean values of GDS from the different measurement points with a decrease of depressive symptom severity (mean value GDS t1 = 8.91 vs. t2 = 6.72, p less than 0.05).

Conclusion
Results suggest that TPS could lead to maintaining the cognitive performance of patients with Dementia in Alzheimer's disease over the course of treatment. Futhermore treatment with TPS could lead to an improvement of depressive symptom severity. The TPS might be helpful in the treatment of Dementia in Alzheimer's disease and its symptoms and might give new perspectives in the treatment, especially as patients report high treatment tolerance and few side effects. Further data should be collected so the study is being continued and not yet concluded.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN CHANGE IN SLEEP DURATION AND POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS SYMPTOMS IN NATURAL DISASTER VICTIMS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF RESILIENCE
Authors: Ho *Dham , Park Mina , Lim Weon-Jeong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aims & Objectives
This study investigated the association between changes in sleep duration after disaster and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and the mediating role of resilience on the association.

Method
Data were collected from 2,951 Korean adults who were victims of a natural disaster and did not have any mental or medical illnesses before the event. They completed a long-term survey on changes in life for disaster victims using computer-aided personal interviews. Changes in sleep duration before and one month after experiencing a disaster were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire.
Resilience levels and PTSD symptoms were measured using the Brief Resilience Scale and the Impact of Event Scale – Revised, respectively, and more than 33 of the IES-R score items were defined as significant PTSD symptoms. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the associations between changes in sleep duration and PTSD symptoms. Additionally, mediating studies were conducted to identify the role of resilience on the association.

Results
Compared with participants without significant PTSD symptoms, those with PTSD symptoms were more likely to be older and female (group without significant PTSD symptom: mean age=56.12± 18.70 years, female sex=49.24%; group with significant PTSD symptoms: mean age=60.88±15.66 years, female sex=59.52%). Compared with disaster victims without changes in sleep duration, those who had shorter sleep duration after disaster had a higher risk of significant PTSD symptoms (OR=2.89, 95% Cl=2.31– 3.62, p&lt;0.001). In the mediating study, resilience level significantly mediated the relationship between reduced sleep duration and PTSD symptoms

Discussion &Conclusion
This study revealed that individuals with reduced sleep duration after disaster had a higher risk of PTSD symptoms, while those with increased sleep duration did not. In addition, mediating effects of resilience level on the relationship between reduced sleep duration and significant PTSD symptoms were observed.