bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Malthusian stagnation to modern economic growth: a swarm-intelligence perspective
Authors: Tao Yong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The correlation between decentralized decision-making and swarm intelligence has emerged as a significant subject within self-organization phenomena. Here, we demonstrate that, if an exponential probability distribution of income emerges in a decentralized economic system, then the total income of all agents can be represented by an aggregate production function, in which the technology factor precisely aligns with the information content inherent in the event of decentralized decision-making by all agents. In particular, for sufficiently large population sizes, the emergence of this technology factor enables the income per capita to increase with the population size, akin to a manifestation of swarm intelligence. More importantly, we find that an exponential probability distribution of income can be generated within a peer-to-peer economy governed by specific game rules, characterizing a decentralized-decision economic system. Building upon this discovery, we propose a swarm-intelligence explanation to elucidate the transition from thousands of years of Malthusian stagnation to modern economic growth.
Mobile calculator application for estimating human erythrocyte antigen frequency in Korea
Authors: Shin Dong Woo , Hong Yun Ji , Park Kyoung Un 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
This study aimed to establish a comprehensive human erythrocyte antigen (HEA) frequency data set for Koreans. It also sought to develop a mobile app that facilitates the calculation of the frequencies of specific antigen-negative red blood cell units and the average number of units required for antigen typing.

Methods
Human erythrocyte antigen frequencies were compiled from large-scale blood donor data and 5 previous papers. Based on the collected data, we developed a mobile calculator app for HEA frequency and evaluated its usability.

Results
Human erythrocyte antigen frequency data for 20 blood group systems, including the ABO, Rh, MNS, Duffy, Kidd, and Diego systems, were established. The app was designed to enable users to select the desired phenotype from a drop-down menu and display the calculated frequency at the bottom. The number of units required for antigen typing to find 1 compatible red blood cell unit was also displayed. Five users participated in app evaluation and rated the functionality and information categories highly. In quizzes prompting users to calculate frequencies using the app, all participants provided correct answers, confirming the app’s user-friendly functionality.

Conclusions
This app, which encompasses comprehensive HEA frequency data, is expected to find multiple uses in transfusion medicine, including optimizing blood bank workflow and defining rare blood groups in Korea.
A joint normal-ordinal (probit) model for ordinal and continuous longitudinal data
Authors: Delporte Margaux , Molenberghs Geert , Fieuws Steffen , Verbeke Geert 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
In biomedical studies, continuous and ordinal longitudinal variables are frequently encountered. In many of these studies it is of interest to estimate the effect of one of these longitudinal variables on the other. Time-dependent covariates have, however, several limitations; they can, for example, not be included when the data is not collected at fixed intervals. The issues can be circumvented by implementing joint models, where two or more longitudinal variables are treated as a response and modeled with a correlated random effect. Next, by conditioning on these response(s), we can study the effect of one or more longitudinal variables on another. We propose a normal-ordinal(probit) joint model. First, we derive closed-form formulas to estimate the model-based correlations between the responses on their original scale. In addition, we derive the marginal model, where the interpretation is no longer conditional on the random effects. As a consequence, we can make predictions for a subvector of one response conditional on the other response and potentially a subvector of the history of the response. Next, we extend the approach to a high-dimensional case with more than two ordinal and/or continuous longitudinal variables. The methodology is applied to a case study where, among others, a longitudinal ordinal response is predicted with a longitudinal continuous variable.
Subthalamic control of impulsive actions: insights from deep brain stimulation in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Herz Damian M , Frank Michael J , Tan Huiling , Groppa Sergiu 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Control of actions allows adaptive, goal-directed behaviour. The basal ganglia, including the subthalamic nucleus, are thought to play a central role in dynamically controlling actions through recurrent negative feedback loops with the cerebral cortex. Here, we summarize recent translational studies that used deep brain stimulation to record neural activity from and apply electrical stimulation to the subthalamic nucleus in people with Parkinson’s disease.
These studies have elucidated spatial, spectral and temporal features of the neural mechanisms underlying the controlled delay of actions in cortico-subthalamic networks and demonstrated their causal effects on behaviour in distinct processing windows. While these mechanisms have been conceptualized as control signals for suppressing impulsive response tendencies in conflict tasks and as decision threshold adjustments in value-based and perceptual decisions, we propose a common framework linking decision-making, cognition and movement. Within this framework, subthalamic deep brain stimulation can lead to suboptimal choices by reducing the time that patients take for deliberation before committing to an action. However, clinical studies have consistently shown that the occurrence of impulse control disorders is reduced, not increased, after subthalamic deep brain stimulation surgery. This apparent contradiction can be reconciled when recognizing the multifaceted nature of impulsivity, its underlying mechanisms and modulation by treatment. While subthalamic deep brain stimulation renders patients susceptible to making decisions without proper forethought, this can be disentangled from effects related to dopamine comprising sensitivity to benefits versus costs, reward delay aversion and learning from outcomes.
Alterations in these dopamine-mediated mechanisms are thought to underlie the development of impulse control disorders and can be relatively spared with reduced dopaminergic medication after subthalamic deep brain stimulation. Together, results from studies using deep brain stimulation as an experimental tool have improved our understanding of action control in the human brain and have important implications for treatment of patients with neurological disorders.
BRAF
V600E-induced distinct DNA damage response defines the therapeutic potential of p53 activation for TP53 wild-type colorectal cancer
Authors: Tokuyama Shinji , Kato Hisakazu , Takahashi Hidekazu , Ueda Kyoko , Arita Asami , Ueda Ryuta , Seto Hiroto , Sekido Yuki , Hata Tsuyoshi , Hamabe Atsushi , Ogino Takayuki , Miyoshi Norikatsu , Uemura Mamoru , Matsuoka Ken , Tsukamoto Osamu , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Doki Yuichiro , Eguchi Hidetoshi , Takashima Seiji 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
BRAF V600E, one of the most frequent mutations in the MAPK pathway, confers poor prognosis to colorectal cancers (CRCs), partly because of chemotherapeutic resistance. Oncogene-induced DNA damage responses (DDRs) that primarily activate p53 are important mechanistic barriers to the malignant transformation of cells; however, the mechanism underlying this impairment in cancer remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the responses of BRAFV600E-induced DDRs in two CRC cell lines, SW48 and LIM1215, both of which harbor wild-type TP53, KRAS, and BRAF. BRAFV600E transduction exhibited distinct phenotypes in these cells: SW48 cell proliferation markedly decreased, whereas that of LIM1215 increased. BRAFV600E expression induced the activation of oncogene-induced DDR signaling in SW48 cells, but not in LIM1215 cells, whereas chemotherapeutic agents similarly activated DDRs in both cell lines. Knockdown experiments revealed that these responses in SW48 cells were mediated by p53-p21 pathway activation. Comet assay (both alkaline and neutral) revealed that BRAFV600E increased single-strand breaks to the same extent in both cell lines; however, in the case of LIM1215 cells, it only facilitated double-strand breaks. Furthermore, the proliferation of LIM1215 cells, wherein no oncogene-induced DDRs occurred, was synergistically inhibited upon MDM2 inhibitor-mediated p53 activation combined with MEK inhibition. Taken together, these distinct DDR signaling responses highlight the novel characteristics of BRAFV600E-mutated CRC cells and define the therapeutic potential of p53 activation combined with MAPK inhibition against TP53 wild-type CRC harboring a BRAFV600E mutation.
Cumulative radiation dose from medical imaging in paediatric congenital heart disease patients with epicardial cardiac implantable electronic devices
Authors: Aboyewa Oluyemi B , Laternser Christina , Popescu Andrada , Murphy Nicole , Shah Dhaivat , Monge Michael C , Rigsby Cynthia K , Golestanirad Laleh , Webster Gregory , Kim Daniel 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Aims
To determine whether paediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) patients with epicardial cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) receive high cumulative effective doses (CEDs) of ionizing radiation from medical imaging tests.

Methods and results
We compared 28 paediatric CHD patients with epicardial CIEDs (cases) against 40 patients with no CIED matched by age at operation, sex, surgical era, and CHD diagnosis (controls). We performed a retrospective review of radiation exposure from medical imaging exams between 2006 and 2022. Radiation dose from computed tomography (CT) and X-ray radiography was calculated using the National Cancer Institute Radiation Dosimetry Tool. We performed univariate analysis to compare the CED between the two groups. In the case subgroup, we convened experts’ review to adjudicate the prevalence of CT exams that should have been performed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the absence of a CIED. Children (median age 2.5 years at implant) with CIEDs received significantly higher median CED compared with matched controls (6.90 vs. 1.72 mSv, P = 0.0018). In cases, expert adjudication showed that 80% of the CT exams would have been performed with MRI in the absence of a CIED. This resulted, on average, a five-fold increase in the effective dose (ED) from post-lead implant CTs.

Conclusion
Paediatric CHD patients with CIED received four times higher CED than matched controls. Improved access to medical imaging tests without ionizing radiation, such as MRI, could potentially reduce the ED in CIED patients by up to five times.
Promoting interoperability between SNOMED CT and ICD-11: lessons learned from the pilot project mapping between SNOMED CT and the ICD-11 Foundation
Authors: Fung Kin Wah , Xu Julia , Brear Hazel , Lane Alana , Lau Maggie , Wong Austen , D'Havé Arabella 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To explore the feasibility and challenges of mapping between SNOMED CT and the ICD-11 Foundation in both directions, SNOMED International and the World Health Organization conducted a pilot mapping project between September 2021 and August 2022.

Materials and Methods
Phase 1 mapped ICD-11 Foundation entities from the endocrine diseases chapter, excluding malignant neoplasms, to SNOMED CT. In phase 2, SNOMED CT concepts equivalent to those covered by the ICD-11 entities in phase 1 were mapped to the ICD-11 Foundation. The goal was to identify equivalence between an ICD-11 Foundation entity and a SNOMED CT concept. Postcoordination was used for mapping to ICD-11. Each map was done twice independently, the results were compared, and discrepancies were reconciled.

Results
In phase 1, 59% of 637 ICD-11 Foundation entities had an exact match in SNOMED CT. In phase 2, 32% of 1893 SNOMED CT concepts had an exact match in the ICD-11 Foundation, and postcoordination added 15% of exact match. Challenges encountered included non-synonymous synonyms, mismatch in granularity, composite conditions, and residual categories.

Conclusion
This pilot project shed light on the tremendous amount of effort required to create a map between the 2 coding systems and uncovered some common challenges. Future collaborative work between SNOMED International and WHO will likely benefit from its findings. It is recommended that the 2 organizations should clarify goals and use cases of mapping, provide adequate resources, set up a road map, and reconsider their original proposal of incorporating SNOMED CT into the ICD-11 Foundation ontology.
Resource requirements to accelerate clinical applications of next-generation sequencing and radiomics: workshop commentary and review
Authors: Harris Lyndsay , Shankar Lalitha K , Hildebrandt Claire , Rubinstein Wendy S , Langlais Kristofor , Rodriguez Henry , Berger Adam , Freymann John , Huang Erich P , Williams P Mickey , Zenklusen Jean Claude , Ochs Robert , Tezak Zivana , Sahiner Berkman 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
The National Institutes of Health–US Food and Drug Administration Joint Leadership Council Next-Generation Sequencing and Radiomics Working Group was formed by the National Institutes of Health–Food and Drug Administration Joint Leadership Council to promote the development and validation of innovative next-generation sequencing tests, radiomic tools, and associated data analysis and interpretation enhanced by artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies. A 2-day workshop was held on September 29-30, 2021, to convene members of the scientific community to discuss how to overcome the “ground truth” gap that has frequently been acknowledged as 1 of the limiting factors impeding high-quality research, development, validation, and regulatory science in these fields. This report provides a summary of the resource gaps identified by the working group and attendees, highlights existing resources and the ways they can potentially be employed to accelerate growth in these fields, and presents opportunities to support next-generation sequencing and radiomic tool development and validation using technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning.
Efficacy and safety of personalized optimal PD-(L)1 combinations in advanced NSCLC: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Chu Xianjing , Tian Wentao , Ning Jiaoyang , Zhou Rongrong 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Programmed death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1)-directed immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), whereas the optimal therapeutic combinations remain uncertain.

Methods
Our study encompassed phase II/III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that involved anti-PD-(L)1-based therapies for stage-IV NSCLC. The primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and incidences of adverse events. Subgroup analyses were conducted by treatment lines, PD-L1 expression levels, histological types, and metastatic sites.

Results
Our analysis incorporated 38 publications, covering 14 therapeutic combinations and involving 18 048 participants. PD-(L)1+chemotherapy (CT), PD-(L)1+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) +CT, and PD-(L)1+ T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain were notably effective in prolonging OS. Overall, PD-(L)1+CT and PD-(L)1+CT+ vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly beneficial for PFS and ORR. As for the subsequent-line treatments, incorporating radiotherapy can enhance PFS and ORR (ranked fourth among enrolled treatments). For patients with PD-L1 &lt;1%, PD-(L)1+CT+VEGF and PD-(L)1+CTLA4+CT were favorable approaches. Conversely, in patients with PD-L1 ≥50%, PD-(L)1+CT represented an effective treatment. Patients with nonsquamous cell carcinoma or liver metastases might benefit from the addition of VEGF. In cases of squamous cell carcinoma or brain metastases, the combination of PD-(L)1+CTLA4+CT yielded superior benefits.

Conclusions
This study underscores the enhanced efficacy of combination immunotherapies over monotherapy. It highlights the necessity for personalized treatment, considering individual factors. These insights are vital for clinical decision making in the management of advanced NSCLC.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of pediatric integrated primary care for the prevention and treatment of physical and behavioral health conditions
Authors: Hostutler Cody A , Shahidullah Jeffrey D , Mautone Jennifer A , Rybak Tiffany M , Okoroji Chimereodo , Bruni Teryn , Stephenson Kevin G , Utset Leah Vance , Freeman Kurt A , LaLonde Leah , Riley Andrew R 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the effects of behavioral health interventions delivered within pediatric integrated primary care models on clinical outcomes.

Methods
We searched Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, and SCOPUS for studies published from January 1, 1998, to September 20, 2023. We included studies that evaluated onsite behavioral health integration in pediatric primary care using a comparator condition (usual, enhanced usual care, or waitlist). Outcome data on symptom change, impairment/quality of life, health indicator, and behavior change were extracted using Covidence software. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed Risk of bias analysis was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. We used multilevel meta-analysis to synthesize multiple outcomes nested within studies. Open Science Foundation pre-registration: #10.17605/OSF.IO/WV7XP.

Results
In total, 33 papers representing 27 studies involving 6,879 children and caregivers were included. Twenty-four studies were randomized controlled trials and three were quasi-experimental designs. Seventeen papers reported on treatment trials and 16 reported on prevention trials. We found a small overall effect size (SMD = 0.19, 95% confidence interval [0.11, 0.27]) supporting the superiority of integrated primary care to usual or enhanced usual care. Moderator analyses suggested similar effectiveness between co-located and integrated models and no statistically significant differences were found between treatment and prevention trials.

Conclusions
Results suggest that integrated primary care is superior to usual and enhanced usual care at improving behavior, quality of life, and symptoms. Integrated primary care research needs improved standards for reporting to promote better synthesis and understanding of the literature.
(426) CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP OF PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS 10 YEARS AFTER PDE5IS TREATMENT FOR ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION: A REAL-LIFE COHORT STUDY
Authors: Thomas Charalampos , Kratiras Prof Zisis , Samarinas Michael , Diamantis Dr Georgios , Konstantinidis Charalampos 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is very common in patients suffering from Multiple Sclerosis (MS); the prevalence varies from 30% to almost 90%.Our aim was to study the adherence of MS patients to PDE5Is, in 10 years period.

Methods
119 MS patients suffering from ED that were treated with PDE5Is were evaluated in 2015. Concomitant cardiovascular diseases, hormonal and psychiatric disorders were excluded. Efficacy was evaluated with IIEF5 and SEP2&3 questions.
We re-evaluate our data now in order to assess the adherence to PDE5Is, almost 10 years after.

Results
10 years after we collected data from 94 patients out of the original 101 responders.
From the sildenafil group, 20 out of 36 are still on, 5 on daily tadalafil, 1 on intra-cavernosal injections (ICI), 1 died, 3 were lost from follow up, 1 underwent a 3-piece inflatable penile prosthesis insertion, 2 stopped due to lack of sexual partner and 3 stopped due to MS progression.
From the vardenafil group, 5/15 are still on, 2 on sildenafil, 2 on daily tadalafil, 1 on ICC, 3 without partner and 2 stopped due to progression.
From the avanafil group, 4/8 responders are still on, 1 ion sildenafil, 1 on daily tadalafil, 1 on ICC and 1 stopped to progression.
From the on demand tadalafil group, 7/18 are still on, 5 on daily tadalafil, 1 on sildenafil, 2 were lost from follow up, 1 on ICC, 1 without partner and 1 stopped due to progression.
From daily tadalafil group, 10/24 are still on, 1 is dead, 1 on ICC, 6 on sildenafil on, 1 underwent penile prosthesis, 2 without partner, 3 stopped due to progression.

Conclusions
After almost 10 years of follow up, the majority of our MS patients remained on PDE5 inhibitors, either the one prescribed initially or a different one. The medication dropout rate, in our cohort, is approximately 24%, while disease progression and lack of sexual partner were the major reasons for withdrawal.

Conflicts of Interest
None.
(349) LASER CIRCUMCISION: A NEW TECHNIQUE
Authors: Leonardi Prof Rosario , Iacona Dr Gabriele , Mondaini Prof Nicola , Saitta Dr Giuseppe 
Published: June 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Circumcision is a feasible and sometimes necessary surgical technique. In our practice we perform laser circumcision (LC) with good results.

Methods
We performed 52 laser circumcision (10/15 W, 1470 nm, 600 μ) between January 2021 and September 2023, considering functional outcomes (pain, bleeding, edema, fast recovery), operation time, good cosmesis and also comparing these results between different circumcision techniques: traditional surgery, glue, bipolar and lasers.

Results
There were no early postoperative morbidities, operation time was 15.8+-5.1 minutes, all patients were satisfied for the aesthetic results (p value &lt;0.05).

Conclusions
LC seems to be more effective than other minimally invasive techniques in terms of safety, reproducibility of the technique, learning curve and reduced execution times, so we believe that laser use may become the ‘gold standard’ of circumcision.

Conflicts of Interest
No.