bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behaviour and distribution of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and their relation to dengue incidence in two transmission hotspots in coastal Ecuador
Authors: Ortega-López Leonardo D. , Betancourth Mauro Pazmiño , León Renato , Kohl Alain , Ferguson Heather M. 
Published: April 2024

Background
Dengue (DENV) transmission is endemic throughout coastal Ecuador, showing heterogeneous incidence patterns in association with fine-scale variation in Aedes aegypti vector populations and other factors. Here, we investigated the impact of micro-climate and neighbourhood-level variation in urbanization on Aedes abundance, resting behaviour and associations with dengue incidence in two endemic areas.

Methodology/Principal findings
Aedes aegypti were collected in Quinindé and Portoviejo, two urban cantons with hyperendemic dengue transmission in coastal Ecuador. Aedes vectors were sampled in and around houses within urban and peri-urban neighbourhoods at four time periods. We tested for variation in vector abundance and resting behaviour in relation to neighbourhood urbanization level and microclimatic factors. Aedes abundance increased towards the end of the rainy season, was significantly higher in Portoviejo than in Quinindé, and in urban than in peri-urban neighbourhoods. Aedes vectors were more likely to rest inside houses in Portoviejo but had similar abundance in indoor and outdoor resting collections in Quinindé. Over the study period, DENV incidence was lower in Quinindé than in Portoviejo. Relationships between weekly Ae. aegypti abundance and DENV incidence were highly variable between trapping methods; with positive associations being detected only between BG-sentinel and outdoor Prokopack collections.

Conclusions/Significance
Aedes aegypti abundance was significantly higher in urban than peri-urban neighbourhoods, and their resting behaviour varied between study sites. This fine-scale spatial heterogeneity in Ae. aegypti abundance and behaviour could generate site-specific variation in human exposure and the effectiveness of indoor-based interventions. The trap-dependent nature of associations between Aedes abundance and local DENV incidence indicates further work is needed to identify robust entomological indicators of infection risk.
Disparities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake among rural hard-to-reach population and urban high-risk groups of Bangladesh
Authors: Jannat Zerin , Das Hemel , Ali Md. Wazed , Wahed Tasnuva , Alam Md. Nurul , Uddin Md. Jasim 
Published: April 2024

Background
Vaccination has been an indispensable step in controlling the coronavirus disease pandemic. In early 2021, Bangladesh launched a mass vaccination campaign to boost the COVID-19 vaccination rate when doses were available and immunized millions in the country. Although deemed a success, disparities became conspicuous in vaccination coverage across population of different socioeconomic background.

Methods
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to assess the vaccination coverage for three doses and detect disparities in uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine among rural population of hard-to-reach areas and urban individuals belonging to the high-risk group -defined in our study as individuals from elusive population such as floating population/street dwellers, transgender, addicts and disabled population. We conducted household survey (n = 12,298) and survey with high risk group of people (2,520). The collected primary data were analysed using descriptive statistical analysis.

Results
Our findings show that coverage for the first dose of COVID-19 vaccination was high among respondents from both rural Hard-to-reach (HTR) (92.9%) and non-HTR (94.6%) areas. However, the coverage for subsequent doses was observed to reduce significantly, especially for third dose (52.2% and 56.4% for HTR and non-HTR, respectively).

Conclusion
Vaccination coverage among urbanites of high-risk group was found to be critically low. Vaccine hesitancy was also found to be high among individuals of this group. It is essential that the individuals of urban high-risk group be prioritized. Individuals from this group could be provided incentives (transport for disabled, monetary incentive to transgenders; food and medicine for drug user and floating people) and vaccination centers could be established with flexible schedule (morning/afternoon/evening sessions) so that they receive vaccine at their convenient time. Community engagement can be used for both high-risk group and rural population to enhance the COVID-19 vaccination coverage and lower disparities in uptake of the vaccine doses nationwide.
Efficacy of inverted inner limiting membrane flap technique for macular holes of ≤400 μm: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lee Seung Min , Lee Ji Woong , Lee Ji Eun , Choi Hee-young , Lee Jong Soo , Byon Iksoo 
Published: April 2024

Purpose
To evaluate the efficacy of inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap technique in full-thickness macular holes (MHs) with a size of ≤400 μm compared to the ILM peeling technique.

Methods
Related literatures that compared inverted ILM flap and ILM peeling in MHs ≤ 400 μm were reviewed by searching electronic databases including Pubmed, EMbase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Library up to April 2023. The primary outcome measure was hole closure rate, and the secondary outcome measures were the mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), retinal sensitivity, and outer status of the retinal layers, including the external limiting membrane and ellipsoid zone. The quality of the articles was assessed according to the revised version of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials or the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. In the case of heterogeneity, a sensitivity analysis was conducted, and publication bias was visually evaluated using a funnel plot.

Results
This review included six studies with 610 eyes for the primary outcome and 385 eyes for the secondary outcomes, which were two randomized control trials and four retrospective studies. Pooled data revealed that the overall MH closure rate was 99.4% in the inverted ILM flap group and 96.2% in the ILM peeling group, without significant difference between the two groups (odds ratio = 3.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.82~18.69; P = 0.09). The inverted ILM flap technique did not have a favorable effect on the BCVA, retinal sensitivity, or recovery of the outer retinal layers. These results were consistent with those of the subgroup analysis of the different follow-up periods. No significant publication bias was observed.

Conclusion
In eyes with MHs of ≤400 μm, both techniques demonstrated excellent surgical outcomes without significant differences. Therefore, surgical techniques can be selected according to surgeon preferences.
Numerical modeling of the heat flow component of the composite developed on the basis of basalt fabric
Authors: Miśkiewicz Pamela , Cichocka Agnieszka 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Numerical simulation basic steps are making a model and recreating the course of the examined process. The article presents numerical modeling of the component of heat flow through a composite developed on the basis of basalt fabric. The composite consisted of the following components: basalt fabric, modified with a composite coating consisting of 1 µm thick aluminum with a mixture of 1 µm zirconia and titanium dioxide, silicone, and Mylar® film modified with the same coating as the basalt fabric. Numerical modeling was performed using the ANSYS 2022 R1 program. The performed numerical simulations of the temperature gradient represented the contact heat resistance test for the contact temperature of 250°C for the basalt fabric and the composite. The proposed model reproduced the exact course and results of the actual study. Each of the layers making up the composite had a thickness and was mapped in accordance with the physical model.
The African seaforest: a review
Authors: Prew Zara S. , Reddy Maggie M. , Mehta Akshata , Dyer David C. , Smit Albertus J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Kelp forests dominate the western and southwestern coastlines of southern Africa. This expansive ecosystem spreads over two very different ecoregions that are of particular interest to researchers due to the complexities of their physical environment. The mid-to-late 1900s saw a proliferation in pioneering research on southern African kelp forests. Since this period (1970–1989), researchers have published comparatively few seminal studies concerning kelp forest ecology and biological functioning. In light of this deficit, this review synthesised pre-existing research on southern African kelp forests, and highlighted key gaps in the research landscape to spark interest and facilitate new studies. Among several others, key research gaps uncovered by this review include kelp carbon sequestration potential and possible contributions to the blue bioeconomy; deeper exploration into the biological functioning and ecological roles of Macrocysis pyrifera and Ecklonia radiata populations in southern Africa; and the impacts of a changing physical environment on these kelp forests. In light of our rapidly changing climate, filling these gaps will be essential in informing conversations around coastal and marine management decisions and policy.
Chemical ecology of plankton parasitism in algae
Authors: Vallet Marine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Plankton parasites such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and unicellular eukaryotes are associated symbionts colonizing algal groups in aquatic ecosystems. They occur within a network of microbe–microbe interactions in which they parasitize phytoplankton and seaweeds, i.e., primary producers generating organic carbon and forming the basis of marine food webs. These parasites use algae as a source of nutrients and reproduce at the expense of their host, causing infectious symptoms leading to disease and death. Plankton parasites can reduce the algal populations, and the infection of one specific species may, in turn, favor the development of another, influencing the seasonal succession of algal blooms in oceans, seas, and lakes. Many parasites have free-living stages that zooplankton graze upon, representing a significant trophic link in food webs. The biology and life cycle of plankton parasites are well investigated in marine and freshwater algal hosts. Still, the chemical signaling mediating these microbial interactions and the effect of co-occurring symbionts remain underexplored. This review focuses on the diversity of plankton parasites infecting algae, with a particular emphasis on unicellular eukaryotes. The ecological role of plankton parasites, the mechanisms regulating cellular infection and host resistance, and the interplay of alga-parasite interactions with coexisting microorganisms are discussed.
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant properties, and photo-protective activities ofSalvia balansaede Noé ex Coss
Authors: Bendrihem Khadra Afaf , Zeraib Azzeddine , Atoki Ayomide Victor , Mihoubi Mohamed Aimene , Kadi Kenza , Bensuici Chawki , Hachemi Messaoud , Elhouda Ayeb Nour , Nagaz Kamel , Messaoudi Mohammed 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe present study evaluated the potential ofSalvia balansaefrom the Aures Mountains as a source of natural bioactive compounds. Leaves, flowers, and stems were extracted separately using methanol, ethanol, and acetone. Phenolic compounds were quantified colorimetrically and identified using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Antioxidant capacity was assessed using six differentin vitroassays, 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, cupric reducing antioxidant capacity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, ferrous ion chelating, and phenanthroline assay, while the photo-protective capacity was evaluated using the sun protective factor. The methanolic flower extracts revealed the highest O-diphenol and phenolic levels (287.9 ± 0.50 and 147.87 ± 0.21 µg GAE/mg, respectively), whereas the acetonic and ethanolic leaf extracts contained the highest flavonoid (72.17 ± 0.12 μg QE/mg) and flavonol (35.28 ± 0.05 μg QE/mg) levels, respectively. LC-MS was used to identify 18 phenolics, including quinic acid (5.051–69.69 ppm), luteolin-7-o-glucoside (7.802–44.917 ppm), apigenin-7-o-glucoside (3.751–68.507 ppm), and cirsiliol (2.081–15.608 ppm), distinguishing this Aures taxon. Principal component analysis and unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean revealed variability in phytochemicals, antioxidant properties, and photo-protective activity influenced by biological activities and the compound content. Overall,S. balansaedemonstrated promising photo-protective capacity, the presence of key bioactive compounds, and wide-ranging antioxidant potential, presenting this endemic plant as a valuable source of natural antioxidants and photo-protective agents with pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications.
Prediction mechanism of depression tendency among college students under computer intelligent systems
Authors: He Zhang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In response to the existing problems in the prediction accuracy, data collection, real-time monitoring, and consideration of factors leading to depression in the current mechanism for predicting depression among college students, this article used computer intelligent systems to study the prediction mechanism of depression among college students. This article conducted a survey on students at University A using a survey questionnaire to understand the main reasons that affect their tendency to develop depression. It processed and analyzed the data using the Beck Depression Scale and Statistical Product and Service Solution 21.0 (SPSS 21.0). Meanwhile, natural language processing techniques in computer intelligence systems can be utilized. This article combines emotional dictionaries and word frequency-inverse document frequency to construct a prediction mechanism model for depression tendencies among college students, improving the accuracy of predicting student depression tendencies. The experiment shows that the average accuracy of the depression tendency prediction mechanism model constructed based on Natural Language Processing technology after 50 experiments was 97.02%, which was 5.33% higher than the model constructed based on neural network calculations. Overall, research on the prediction mechanism of depression tendency among college students based on computer intelligence systems can provide more effective mental health support and intervention measures for schools, helping students improve their psychological state, academic achievement, and quality of life.
Enhancing 5G communication in business networks with an innovative secured narrowband IoT framework
Authors: Tarish Hiba A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
These days, 5G mobile technology highly influences the wireless communication process, which is more responsive than the other generation. However, the 5G communication process handles the speed and latency issues while transmitting data over the network. Especially in rural areas, most people face this speed and latency problem while connecting to the network. Therefore, the network uses massive amounts of data to analyse this problem by integrating 5G with the Internet of things (IoT). The IoT-based data transmission and collection helps manage the data capacity, connection, and transmission rate. Therefore, this study uses the novel secured narrowband IoT framework for 5G communication and operational goals based on their position in the market. The 5G network uses business connectivity and access information to manage the data transmission. The network uses cellular bandwidth and IoT devices to connect more during this process. According to the connection, the information is transmitted with the minimum delay. Thus, experimental results have proposed these parameters: an accuracy ratio of 92.5%, a security ratio of 94.4%, a reliability ratio of 93.5%, a latency ratio of 91.8%, a cost-effective ratio of 20.5%, and a throughput ratio of 25.4% compared to other methods.
Sustainable Development Under AfCFTA: Dimensions, Limitations and Prospects
Authors: Ajibo Collins Chikodili , Kaime Thoko 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Sustainable development constitutes a catch phrase for integrated and inclusive development more so in Africa that is battling with development challenges. Despite its legitimization at the highest institutional level, a principal impediment encountered in the concretization of sustainable development principles (environmental, social and economic) in Africa remains the enforcement conundrum. The situation is compounded by indifference of the state and non-state actors. Cases of environmental damage, social malpractices and economic marginalization in the execution of trade and investment policies are largely treated with levity, with prioritization accorded to financial accruals over disciplining delinquent behaviour. Consequently, the emergence of the African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement (AfCFTA) with provisions on sustainable development renews hope for the concretization of the sustainable development principles in Africa. A crystallization of effective enforcement of sustainable development principles is deeply intertwined with an existence of an effective peer-review mechanism with a network of reporting linkages. Arguably, effective peer review system is fundamental to assessment of state of play, investigation of violations, collation of reports, and institutional strengthening to change the dynamics in favour of improved performance.
Crystal structure of N-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-chloroacetamide, C9H7ClN2OS
Authors: Geng Yi-Ding , Huang Ming-Yu , Zhang Yi-Xiu , Gong Yi-Xia , Zhang Ya-Lu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
C9H7ClN2OS, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.3507(3) Å, b = 12.3768(4) Å, c = 10.2340(4) Å, β = 96.857(4)°, V = 1050.17(7) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt
(F) = 0.0673, wRref
(F
2) = 0.2013, T = 296(2) K.
The virtual conference on chemistry and its applications, VCCA-2023, 7–11 August 2023
Authors: Ramasami Ponnadurai 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This is the preface of the proceedings of the Virtual Conference on Chemistry and its Applications (VCCA-2023) which was held from 7th to 11th August 2023. This special issue of PAC is the proceedings of VCCA-2023 with a collection of the 12 manuscripts with topics ranging from pure to applied chemistry.
Prediction of COVID-19 spread with models in different patterns: A case study of Russia
Authors: Cetin Mehmet Akif , Araz Seda Igret 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study deals with a mathematical model that examines the spread of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). This model has been handled with different processes such as deterministic, stochastic, and deterministic–stochastic. First of all, a detailed analysis is presented for the deterministic model, which includes the positivity of the solution, the basic reproduction number, the disease, and endemic equilibrium points. Then, for the stochastic model, we investigate under which conditions, the solution exists and is unique. Later, model is reconsidered with the help of the piecewise derivative, which can combine deterministic and stochastic processes. Numerical simulations are presented for all these processes. Finally, the model has been modified with the rate indicator function. The model presenting these four different situations is compared with the real data in Russia. According to the results obtained from these situations, the model that is obtained by adding the rate indicator function predicts the COVID-19 outbreak in Russia more accurately. Thus, it is concluded that the model with the rate indicator function presents more realistic approach than the previous ones.
Sex moderates the association between quantitative sensory testing and acute and chronic pain after total knee/hip arthroplasty
Authors: Paredes Ana C. , Arendt-Nielsen Lars , Almeida Armando , Pinto Patrícia R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Acute postsurgical pain (APSP) may persist over time and become chronic. Research on predictors for APSP and chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) has produced inconsistent results. This observational study aimed to analyze psychological and psychophysical variables associated with APSP and CPSP after total knee or hip arthroplasty, and to explore the role of sex.

Methods
Assessments were conducted before surgery, 48 h, and 3 months postsurgery, including questionnaires (sociodemographic, pain related, and psychological) and quantitative sensory testing (QST). Hierarchical linear regression models analyzed potential predictors of APSP and CPSP, and moderation analyses evaluated the role of sex.

Results
The study included 63 participants undergoing total knee (34, 54%) or hip (29, 46%) arthroplasty. Thirty-one (49.2%) were female and 32 (50.8%) were male. APSP (48 h) was associated with impaired conditioned pain modulation (CPM) (β = 0.301, p = 0.019). CPSP (3 months) was associated with being female (β = 0.282, p = 0.029), longer presurgical pain duration (β = 0.353, p = 0.006), knee arthroplasty (β = −0.312, p = 0.015), higher APSP intensity (β = 373, p = 0.004), and impaired CPM (β = 0.126, p = 0.004). In multivariate analysis, these clinical variables were significant predictors of CPSP, unlike sex, and CPM (adj. R
2 = 0.349). Moderation analyses showed that wind-up ratio (WUR) was a significant predictor of APSP in men (WUR × sex: b = −1.373, p = 0.046) and CPM was a significant predictor of CPSP in women (CPM × sex: b = 1.625, p = 0.016).

Conclusions
Specific QST parameters could identify patients at risk for high-intensity APSP and CPSP, with sex as a moderator. This has important clinical implications for patient care, paving the way for developing tailored preventive pain management strategies.
Neutron diffraction: a primer
Authors: Dronskowski Richard , Brückel Thomas , Kohlmann Holger , Avdeev Maxim , Houben Andreas , Meven Martin , Hofmann Michael , Kamiyama Takashi , Zobel Mirijam , Schweika Werner , Hermann Raphaël P. , Sano-Furukawa Asami 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Because of the neutron’s special properties, neutron diffraction may be considered one of the most powerful techniques for structure determination of crystalline and related matter. Neutrons can be released from nuclear fission, from spallation processes, and also from low-energy nuclear reactions, and they can then be used in powder, time-of-flight, texture, single crystal, and other techniques, all of which are perfectly suited to clarify crystal and magnetic structures. With high neutron flux and sufficient brilliance, neutron diffraction also excels for diffuse scattering, for in situ and operando studies as well as for high-pressure experiments of today’s materials. For these, the wave-like neutron’s infinite advantage (isotope specific, magnetic) is crucial to answering important scientific questions, for example, on the structure and dynamics of light atoms in energy conversion and storage materials, magnetic matter, or protein structures. In this primer, we summarize the current state of neutron diffraction (and how it came to be), but also look at recent advances and new ideas, e.g., the design of new instruments, and what follows from that.