bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do mood instability symptoms in epilepsy represent formal bipolar disorder?
Authors: Lau Connie , Ettinger Alan B. , Hamberger Sandra , Fanning Kristina , Reed Michael L. 
Published: January 2012

SummaryWe aimed to assess rates of bipolar symptoms versus bipolar disorder in epilepsy, and the effect of bipolar symptoms on quality of life (QOL) in epilepsy. Bipolar, disability, and QOL instruments were administered to 99 tertiary epilepsy center patients. Patients who scored positive on the Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) also completed depression scales and a structured psychiatric interview. Results indicated MDQ+ patients (10.1%) had worse QOL and more work, social, and family life disruptions. Most MDQ+ patients did not have bipolar disorder. There was close overlap between depressive and bipolar symptomatology. Based on results of this study, bipolar symptom is not synonymous with bipolar disorder. Symptoms picked up by the MDQ may be epilepsy‐related depressive symptoms. Bipolar symptoms are associated with more disability, worse QOL, and may have treatment implications.
Efficacy and Safety of Deracoxib for Control of Postoperative Pain and Inflammation Associated with Soft Tissue Surgery in Dogs
Authors: Bienhoff Stephen E. , Smith Eric S. , Roycroft Linda M. , Roberts Elizabeth S. 
Published: January 2012

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness and safety of deracoxib (Deramaxx®) administered at a dose of 1–2 mg/kg/day for 3 days for control of postoperative pain and inflammation associated with soft tissue surgery in dogs.Study DesignProspective, randomized, blinded, placebo‐controlled, multi‐center clinical study.AnimalsDogs (n = 34).MethodsDogs undergoing soft tissue surgeries were randomly assigned to receive either deracoxib (n = 18) or placebo (n = 16) as a preoperative treatment and again once daily for 2 additional days after surgery unless removed from the study. Dogs were evaluated before surgery and again postsurgically at predetermined times using the Glasgow Composite Pain Scale (GCPS). All dogs were allowed to receive another pain medication (except nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] or corticosteroids) as postsurgical pain intervention if the dog scored ≥6 on the GCPS or was in obvious discomfort. Dogs receiving pain intervention were considered treatment failures and were removed from the study.ResultsTwo of 16 dogs treated with deracoxib were rescued compared with 9 of 16 dogs receiving placebo (P = .0091). In addition, deracoxib treated dogs had numerically lower GCPS scores.ConclusionsResults suggest perioperative administration of deracoxib to dogs at 1–2 mg/kg/day for 3 days significantly improves analgesia in the postoperative surgical period after soft tissue surgery. Placebo dogs not rescued after painful procedures highlight the need for refinement of current pain assessment tools.
Platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α‐positive cells in the tunica muscularis of human colon
Authors: Kurahashi Masaaki , Nakano Yasuko , Hennig Grant W. , Ward Sean M. , Sanders Kenton M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractAn obstacle to understanding motor pathologies of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is that the physiology of some of the cellular components of the gut wall is not understood. Morphologists identified fibroblast‐like cells in the tunica muscularis many years ago, but little is known about these interstitial cells because of inadequate techniques to identify these cells. Recent findings have shown that fibroblast‐like cells express platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) in mice and that antibodies for these receptors can be used to label the cells. We used immunohistochemical techniques to study the phenotype and intercellular relationships of fibroblast‐like cells in the human colon. Fibroblast‐like cells are labelled specifically with antibodies to PDGFRα and widely distributed through the tunica muscularis of human colon. These cells form discrete networks in the region of the myenteric plexus and within the circular and longitudinal muscle layers. Platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α+ cells are distinct from c‐Kit+ interstitial cells of Cajal and closely associated with varicose processes of neurons expressing substance P (excitatory motor neurons) or neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) (inhibitory motor neurons). Platelet‐derived growth factor receptor α+ cells express small conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channels (SK3), which are likely to mediate purinergic neural regulation of colonic muscles. Our data suggest that PDGFRα+ cells may have an important role in transducing inputs from enteric motor neurons. This study identifies reagents and techniques that will allow investigation of this class of interstitial cells and help develop an understanding of the role of PDGFRα+ cells in the human GI tract in health and disease.
Investigating the effect of collective organizational commitment on unit‐level performance and absence
Authors: Conway Neil , Briner Rob B. 
Published: January 2012

The relationship between individual‐level organizational commitment and employee's performance has been the subject of considerable empirical investigation over several decades. However, few studies have examined the effect of collective organizational commitment on unit or organizational‐level performance, even though available theory suggests commitment's effects may be stronger at the unit level. We present results of a study examining the effects of unit‐level organizational commitment on the speed and quality of performance, and employee absence, drawing on a sample of 893 service sector employees (representing a 90% response rate) from 39 office units in a UK public sector organization. Results show that unit‐level organizational commitment was statistically significantly associated with both unit‐level performance quality (i.e., reduced customer complaints per service transaction) and performance speed (i.e., customer average queuing time). Collective organizational commitment was not significantly associated with a unit‐level measure of the average time customers spent at service counters with the tellers, nor was it associated with unit‐level employee absence.Practitioner Points
Bottom‐line impact of organizational commitment: unit‐level organizational commitment had substantial effects on unit‐level performance.
Managers must recognize that committed employees have a value beyond their immediate and individual performance as such individuals contribute to unit performance.
Unit‐level organizational commitment implies different managerial interventions.
Our research indicates the value to organizations of analysing survey data at the unit‐level: it is easier to ensure participant anonymity and confidentiality of responses and it provides information beyond individual level data.
Colloid volume loading does not mitigate decreases in central blood volume during simulated haemorrhage while heat stressed
Authors: Crandall C. G. , Wilson T. E. , Marving J. , Bundgaard‐Nielsen M. , Seifert T. , Klausen T. L. , Andersen F. , Secher N. H. , Hesse B. 
Published: January 2012

Key points
The capacity for humans to withstand a haemorrhagic challenge is reduced while heat stressed.
Identification of changes in central blood volume during simulated haemorrhage may help identify the mechanisms by which tolerance to haemorrhage is reduced during heat stress.
We found that the magnitude of reduction in central blood volume to a simulated hemorrhagic challenge is approximately three fold greater when individuals are heat stressed.
Volume loading did not change the relative magnitude of the reduction in central blood volume to that simulated haemorrhagic challenge.
These data show that greater reductions in central blood volume during a simulated haemorrhagic challenge while heat stressed may be a primary mechanism for impaired capacity to withstand that challenge in this thermal condition.
Evaluation of a PCR Test for Detection of Treponema pallidum in Swabs and Blood
Authors: Grange P. A. , Gressier L. , Dion P. L. , Farhi D. , Benhaddou N. , Gerhardt P. , Morini J. P. , Deleuze J. , Pantoja C. , Bianchi A. , Lassau F. , Avril M. F. , Janier M. , Dupin N. 
Published: January 2012

ABSTRACT

Syphilis diagnosis is based on clinical observation, serological analysis, and dark-field microscopy (DFM) detection of
Treponema pallidum
subsp.
pallidum
, the etiological agent of syphilis, in skin ulcers. We performed a nested PCR (nPCR) assay specifically amplifying the
tpp47
gene of
T. pallidum
from swab and blood specimens. We studied a cohort of 294 patients with suspected syphilis and 35 healthy volunteers. Eighty-seven of the 294 patients had primary syphilis, 103 had secondary syphilis, 40 had latent syphilis, and 64 were found not to have syphilis. The
T. pallidum
nPCR results for swab specimens were highly concordant with syphilis diagnosis, with a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 95%. Reasonable agreement was observed between the results obtained with the nPCR and DFM methods (kappa = 0.53). No agreement was found between the nPCR detection of
T. pallidum
in blood and the diagnosis of syphilis, with sensitivities of 29, 18, 14.7, and 24% and specificities of 96, 92, 93, and 97% for peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), plasma, serum, and whole-blood fractions, respectively. HIV status did not affect the frequency of
T. pallidum
detection in any of the specimens tested. Swab specimens from mucosal or skin lesions seemed to be more useful than blood for the efficient detection of the
T. pallidum
genome and, thus, for the diagnosis of syphilis.
The relationship between age of coital debut and HIV seroprevalence among women in Durban, South Africa: a cohort study
Authors: Wand Handan , Ramjee Gita 
Published: January 2012

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of early sexual debut on HIV seroprevalence and incidence rates among a cohort of women.DesignProspective study.SettingKwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.ParticipantsA total of 3492 sexually active women who consented to screen a HIV prevention trial during September 2002 to September 2005; a total of 1485 of them were followed for approximately 24 months.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHIV seroprevalence among those who were screened for the trial and HIV seroconversion among those who seroconverted during the study.ResultsLowest quintiles of age at sexual debut, less than high school education, a higher number of lifetime sexual partners and lack of cohabitation, being diagnosed as having herpes simplex virus 2 and other sexually transmitted infections were all significantly associated with prevalent HIV infection in multivariate analysis. During follow-up, 148 (6.8 per 100 person-years, 95% CI 5.8 to 8.0) women seroconverted. Highest seroconversion rate was observed among women who had reported to have had sex 15 years or younger (12.0 per 100 person-years, 95% CI 8.0 to 18.0). Overall, impact of risk factors considered in this study was associated with considerable potential reductions in HIV prevalence and incidence rates (population attributable risk: 85%, 95% CI 84% to 87% and population attributable risk: 77%, 95% CI 72% to 82%, respectively).ConclusionsThe association of HIV status with younger age at sexual debut may likely due to an increased number of lifetime partners. This increase could result from longer duration of sexual life. Prevention of HIV infection should include efforts to delay age at first sex in young women.Trial registration numberNCT00121459.
Smoking and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection in the HPV in Men (HIM) Study
Authors: Schabath Matthew B. , Villa Luisa L. , Lazcano-Ponce Eduardo , Salmerón Jorge , Quiterio Manuel , Giuliano Anna R. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground: The influence of smoking on the natural history of HPV infection in men is not well understood. Smoking could influence the incidence and persistence of HPV infections by suppressing local immune function, increased cellular proliferation, upregulated proinflammatory factors, or induced host DNA damage resulting in increased susceptibility to infection. The purpose of this analysis is to assess prevalent HPV infections by smoking status in men, and to determine baseline risk of HPV infection associated with smoking.Methods: The HPV in Men (HIM) study is a multinational prospective study of the natural history of HPV infections in men. Samples from the coronal sulcus, glans penis, shaft, and scrotum were combined for HPV DNA testing. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between smoking and any-, oncogenic-, and nononcogenic HPV infections.Results: Our analyses revealed that current smoking was associated with an increased risk of any HPV infection (OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.01–1.41) and oncogenic HPV infection (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.05–1.47). However, the association between smoking and any HPV infection (OR = 1.35; 95% CI: 1.05–1.73) and oncogenic HPV infection (OR = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.11–1.92) was only evident among men reporting fewer lifetime sexual partners.Discussion: These results suggest that current smokers with the fewest number of sexual partners are associated with an increased risk for oncogenic HPV infection.Impact: The relationship between smoking and HPV infection remains understudied in men; these data shed new light on the interplay between smoking, sexual activity, and risk of HPV infection. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 102–10. ©2011 AACR.
Exercise Effects on Depressive Symptoms in Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Craft Lynette L. , VanIterson Erik H. , Helenowski Irene B. , Rademaker Alfred W. , Courneya Kerry S. 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Background: Depression is a distressing side effect of cancer and its treatment. In the general population, exercise is an effective antidepressant.
Objective: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the antidepressant effect of exercise in cancer survivors.
Data Sources: In May 2011, we searched MEDLINE, PsycInfo, EMBASE, CINAHL, CDSR, CENTRAL, AMED, Biosis Previews, and Sport Discus and citations from relevant articles and reviews.
Study Eligibility Criteria: We included randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing exercise interventions with usual care in cancer survivors, using a self-report inventory or clinician rating to assess depressive symptoms, and reporting symptoms pre- and postintervention.
Study Appraisal: Around 7,042 study titles were identified and screened, with 15 RCTs included.
Synthesis Methods: Effect sizes (ES) were reported as mean change scores. The Q test was conducted to evaluate heterogeneity of ES. Potential moderator variables were evaluated with examination of scatter plots and Wilcoxon rank-sum or Kruskal–Wallis tests.
Results: The overall ES, under a random-effects model, was −0.22 (confidence interval, −0.43 to −0.09; P = 0.04). Significant moderating variables (ps &lt; 0.05) were exercise location, exercise supervision, and exercise duration.
Limitations: Only one study identified depression as the primary endpoint.
Conclusions: Exercise has modest positive effects on depressive symptoms with larger effects for programs that were supervised or partially supervised, not conducted at home, and at least 30 minutes in duration.
Impact: Our results complement other studies showing that exercise is associated with reduced pain and fatigue and with improvements in quality of life among cancer survivors. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 3–19. ©2011 AACR.
Distinct Genetic and Epigenetic Signatures of Colorectal Cancers According to Ethnic Origin
Authors: Nieminen Taina T. , Shoman Soheir , Eissa Saad , Peltomäki Päivi , Abdel-Rahman Wael M. 
Published: January 2012

AbstractBackground: The outcome of colorectal cancer varies depending on ethnic origin. Egyptian colorectal carcinoma is surprisingly young-age disease with high proportion of rectal and advanced stage cancers.Methods: We characterized 69 sporadic Egyptian colorectal cancers for promoter methylation at 24 tumor suppressor genes, microsatellite instability, and expression of mismatch repair, p53, and β-catenin proteins. Data were compared with 80 Western colorectal carcinoma of sporadic and familial origin from Finland.Results: Egyptian colorectal carcinomas showed significantly higher methylation of the microsatellite stable (MSS) tumors as reflected by the average number of methylated genes per case (P = 0.00002) and tumor suppressor gene methylator phenotype (TSGMP), defined here as methylation of ≥5 genes, (P = 0.0001) compared with the sporadic Western cancers. The TSGMP was associated with advanced stage in the Egyptian cancers (P = 0.0016). Four genes were differentially methylated between Egyptian and Western cases, of which the association of CDKN2B/p15 methylation with Egyptian origin was outstanding (P = 4.83E-10). Egyptian carcinoma also showed significantly lower frequency of nuclear β-catenin localization than the sporadic Western cancers (P = 0.00006) but similar to that of the familial Western subset designated as familial colorectal cancer type X.Conclusions: We show novel pathway in colon carcinogenesis marked by high methylation of MSS cancers, remarkable CDKN2B/p15 methylation, and low frequency of Wnt signaling activation.Impact: Our findings highlight the possible effect of environmental exposures in carcinogenesis through DNA methylation and should have applications in prevention, molecular diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 202–11. ©2011 AACR.
CpG Site–Specific Hypermethylation of p16INK4α in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of PAH-Exposed Workers
Authors: Yang Ping , Ma Junxiang , Zhang Bo , Duan Huawei , He Zhini , Zeng Junling , Zeng Xiaowen , Li Daochuan , Wang Qing , Xiao Yongmei , Liu Caixia , Xiao Qin , Chen Liping , Zhu Xiaonian , Xing Xiumei , Li Zhifang , Zhang Shixin , Zhang Zhengbao , Ma Lu , Wang Erman , Zhuang Zhixiong , Zheng Yuxin , Chen Wen 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Background: Sufficient epidemiologic evidence shows an etiologic link between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) exposure and lung cancer risk. While the genetic modifications have been found in PAH-exposed population, it is unclear whether gene-specific methylation involves in the process of PAH-associated biologic consequence.
Methods: Sixty-nine PAH-exposed workers and 59 control subjects were recruited. Using bisulfite sequencing, we examined the methylation status of p16INK4α promoter in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from PAH-exposed workers and in benzo(a)pyrene (BaP)-transformed human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells. The relationships between p16INK4α methylation and the level of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) or the frequency of cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) were analyzed.
Results: Compared with the control group, PAH-exposed workers exhibited higher levels of urinary 1-OHP (10.62 vs. 2.52 μg/L), p16INK4α methylation (7.95% vs. 1.14% for 22 “hot” CpG sites), and CBMN (7.28% vs. 2.92%) in PBLs. p16INK4α hypermethylation in PAH-exposed workers exhibited CpG site specificity. Among the 35 CpG sites we analyzed, 22 were significantly hypermethylated. These 22 hypermethylated CpG sites were positively correlated to levels of urinary 1-OHP and CBMN in PBLs. Moreover, the hypermethylation and suppression of p16 expression was also found in BaP-transformed HBER cells.
Conclusion: PAH exposure induced CpG site–specific hypermethylation of p16INK4α gene. The degree of p16INK4α methylation was associated with the levels of DNA damage and internal exposure.
Impact: p16INK4α hypermethylation might be an essential biomarker for the exposure to PAHs and for early diagnosis of cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 182–90. ©2011 AACR.
Replication of Five Prostate Cancer Loci Identified in an Asian Population—Results from the NCI Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)
Authors: Lindström Sara , Schumacher Fredrick R. , Campa Daniele , Albanes Demetrius , Andriole Gerald , Berndt Sonja I. , Bueno-de-Mesquita H. Bas , Chanock Stephen J. , Diver W. Ryan , Ganziano J. Michael , Gapstur Susan M. , Giovannucci Edward , Haiman Christopher A. , Henderson Brian , Hunter David J. , Johansson Mattias , Kolonel Laurence N. , Le Marchand Loic , Ma Jing , Stampfer Meir , Stevens Victoria L. , Trichopoulos Dimitrios , Virtamo Jarmo , Willett Walter C. , Yeager Meredith , Hsing Ann W. , Kraft Peter 
Published: January 2012

Abstract
Background: A recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of prostate cancer in a Japanese population identified five novel regions not previously discovered in other ethnicities. In this study, we attempt to replicate these five loci in a series of nested prostate cancer case–control studies of European ancestry.
Methods: We genotyped five single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP): rs13385191 (chromosome 2p24), rs12653946 (5p15), rs1983891 (6p21), rs339331 (6p22), and rs9600079 (13q22), in 7,956 prostate cancer cases and 8,148 controls from a series of nested case–control studies within the National cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3). We tested each SNP for association with prostate cancer risk and assessed whether associations differed with respect to disease severity and age of onset.
Results: Four SNPs (rs13385191, rs12653946, rs1983891, and rs339331) were significantly associated with prostate cancer risk (P values ranging from 0.01 to 1.1 × 10−5). Allele frequencies and ORs were overall lower in our population of European descent than in the discovery Asian population. SNP rs13385191 (C2orf43) was only associated with low-stage disease (P = 0.009, case-only test). No other SNP showed association with disease severity or age of onset. We did not replicate the 13q22 SNP, rs9600079 (P = 0.62).
Conclusions: Four SNPs associated with prostate cancer risk in an Asian population are also associated with prostate cancer risk in men of European descent.
Impact: This study illustrates the importance of evaluation of prostate cancer risk markers across ethnic groups. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(1); 212–16. ©2011 AACR.
The Bispecific SDF1-GPVI Fusion Protein Preserves Myocardial Function After Transient Ischemia in Mice
Authors: Ziegler Melanie , Elvers Margitta , Baumer Yvonne , Leder Christoph , Ochmann Carmen , Schönberger Tanja , Jürgens Tobias , Geisler Tobias , Schlosshauer Burkhard , Lunov Oleg , Engelhardt Stefan , Simmet Thomas , Gawaz Meinrad 
Published: January 2012

Background
CXCR4-positive bone marrow cells (BMCs) are critically involved in cardiac repair mechanisms contributing to preserved cardiac function. Stromal cell–derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is the most prominent BMC homing factor known to augment BMC engraftment, which is a limiting step of stem cell–based therapy. After myocardial infarction, SDF-1 expression is rapidly upregulated and promotes myocardial repair.

Methods and Results
We have established a bifunctional protein consisting of an SDF-1 domain and a glycoprotein VI (GPVI) domain with high binding affinity to the SDF-1 receptor CXCR4 and extracellular matrix proteins that become exposed after tissue injury. SDF1-GPVI triggers chemotaxis of CXCR4-positive cells, preserves cell survival, enhances endothelial differentiation of BMCs in vitro, and reveals proangiogenic effects in ovo. In a mouse model of myocardial infarction, administration of the bifunctional protein leads to enhanced recruitment of BMCs, increases capillary density, reduces infarct size, and preserves cardiac function.

Conclusions
These results indicate that administration of SDF1-GPVI may be a promising strategy to treat myocardial infarction to promote myocardial repair and to preserve cardiac function.