bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Urban Living on Child, Infant, and Maternal Health: A Comparative Study of Linear Enamel Hypoplasia Between Two Dutch Postmedieval Populations
Authors: Chiappa Oriana , Schrader Sarah A. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTSubstantial research has been done assessing health inequalities between rural and urban contexts in the low countries; however, fewer studies have considered the effect of urban living on non‐adults. Because dental enamel does not remodel, recording the time of dental stress insults in both deciduous and permanent teeth allows for the analysis of episodes of stress, including those occurring during the fetal period. Thus, through the analysis of dental stress markers, we can provide information about child, infant, and maternal health inequalities between urban and rural contexts. To do this, we recorded the frequency and age at formation of linear enamel hypoplasia in both permanent and deciduous teeth of 177 individuals between 0 and 35 years of age from two Dutch postmedieval sites; 64 from the city of Arnhem (1650–1829 ce) and 113 from the rural cemetery of Middenbeemster (1623–1867 ce). Results from this research reveal that urban living during Dutch postmedieval times had a negative impact specifically on infants and their gestating mothers, as deciduous teeth from urban Arnhem presented a significantly higher frequency of LEH compared with their rural counterparts (p = 0.009). However, no significant difference was found on permanent teeth between sites (p = 0.868), showing that during the following years of life (3–6), urban life did not appear to have a greater negative impact compared with rural life.
Religious Education for Sustainable Development in Schools: An Overview of the Topic and Its Didactical Impulses in German-Speaking Countries
Authors: Stockinger Helena , Ziegler Bernd 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter points out central didactical challenges and ways of dealing with sustainability issues in religious education in schools. In doing so, it refers primarily to the recent research discourse on pedagogical issues in German-speaking countries. The concept of “Religious Education for Sustainable Development” shows ways to enable students to deal responsibly with the environment and fellow human beings. First, the chapter presents characteristics of the approach of Religious Education for Sustainable Development in German speaking countries. Second, some general didactic guidelines and concrete methods for school practice are concluded from this. Third, the chapter highlights some research desiderata.
Re-thinking Colonialism, Globalization, and the Displacement of Wild Thinking: Postcolonial and Indigenous Perspectives on Religious Education and Sustainability
Authors: Winkler Kathrin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter deals with the question, what conditions and knowledge are necessary to empower educator and learners to deal constructively with increasingly common sustainability-related emotions, such as fear, sadness, and hopelessness, to act from the value-based sources of religious traditions and develop an effective understanding of Education for Sustainable Development ESD?
The contribution of religious education to sustainable development education is therefore explored in a three-step approach: In a first step, the connection between colonialism, mission, globalization, and the destruction of the ecosystem, which led to the extinction of indigenous bodies of knowledge, is investigated. Subsequently, the term solastalgia is introduced, referring to the enormous emotional consequences and pain about the destruction of nature and the exploitation of natural resources. The significance of hope and the practice of hope are then opened up to discuss how indigenous epistemologies and spiritualities can help to shape a new story of interdependent connectedness and live this new story through practices of embodied hope. Finally, a conceptualization of what this process of insight can contribute for religious education and a renewed being-in-the-world is given: Reweaving the ecological mat is to identify responsibility and enable critical hope from religious traditions and their ethical bodies of knowledge.
Genome-wide markers test the status of two putative species of North American bumble bees
Authors: Rohde Ashley T. , Strange James P. , Tobin Kerrigan B. , Mock Karen E. , Branstetter Michael G. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accurate species delimitation is critical to identifying the conservation status of species. Molecular species delimitation methods have revealed previously unrecognized cryptic species across the taxonomic spectrum. However, studies vary in the molecular markers selected, analytical approaches used, and taxon sampling, which sometimes results in conflicting conclusions. One example of such a conflict is seen in the species delimitation analyses of the western bumble bee, Bombus occidentalis. This species was once an abundant insect pollinator in western North America but has declined severely since the mid 1990s and is predicted to continue to diminish under even optimistic future climate scenarios. Complicating this conservation crisis, the species status of B. occidentalis has varied over time, with most recent studies recognizing one or two species. Previous studies that used molecular methods to address this question focused on a Bayesian phylogeny of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Phylogenetic studies that focus on a single gene are criticized for misrepresenting the evolutionary history of species because nuclear and mitochondrial genomes, and even some genes within them, may have different evolutionary patterns. We tested a two species hypothesis of the B. occidentalis complex using nuclear (ultraconserved elements) and mitochondrial (COI) markers to infer maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenies for the taxa. We present our results and conclusions from eight species delimitation methods. Based on the genomic, morphological and geographic differences between the taxa we find support for the two species hypothesis, with B. occidentalis and B. mckayi as separate species. We discuss the strengths and limitations of each genetic dataset and delimitation method, make recommendations for best practices, and highlight opportunities for equitable knowledge and technology development for phylogenomics in conservation biology.
Wastewater treatment and energy generation for dark fermentation bioreactor: preliminary results
Authors: Vanegas Laura Estefania , Hurtado Lucia Andrea , Fuentes Karol Lucia , Escobar Mario Alberto , Chaparro Tatiana Rodriguez 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
H2 is known as the main energy vector in the global energy transition. However, the use of fossil fuels for its production remains the most widely used primary source. Among the new alternatives for the organic production of H2, the Dark Fermentation process is an attractive technique since the raw material is residual biomass. H2 is currently used for transport and fertilizer production. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the feasibility of producing electricity from H2 produced in a Dark Fermentation process by treating synthetic wastewater in a packed bed bioreactor coupled with a fuel cell. The results showed that the maximum H2 production rate and H2 yield were 108 mL H2/h.L and 10.57 mol H2/ mol, respectively; the maximal current value was ca. 13.7 mA for an active electrode area of 10 cm2; and the higher tension was 1.3. Moreover, the Fuel Cell generated an average current of 3.12 mA for 55 h with a voltage of 210 mV. It can be concluded that dark fermentation promotes electricity generation. However, it is still necessary to develop storage techniques for H2 to maintain the electricity generated continuously.

Graphical abstract
Discovery of a divergent apple stem pitting virus variant and development of an RT-PCR assay for improved detection in South African pear orchards
Authors: Bougard K. , Maree H. J. , Bester R. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, the prevalence and genome diversity of apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) in commercial pear orchards in South Africa were investigated. Leaves were collected from trees in two geographically distinct regions, representing six different pear cultivars covering 12 orchards. Total RNA was extracted and assayed for ASPV using RT-PCR. A subset of 18 samples was subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS) for a more detailed analysis. Bioinformatic analyses of the HTS data, led to the identification and sequencing of a divergent ASPV variant with 85.10% nucleotide identity to the closest ASPV match in GenBank (isolate 13TF179E, MZ148065.1). Additionally, the study reports the development and validation of an end-point multiplex RT-PCR assay capable of detecting all known pear ASPV variants in South Africa. The multiplex produces three distinct amplicons: one targeting actin for an internal control, one to broadly detect foveaviruses, and one specific to ASPV. The sequence analyses of known ASPV variants confirmed high sequence diversity within this species and emphasized the need to further investigate the relationship between ASPV isolates.
Associations between maternal diet quality in pregnancy and infant feeding practices
Authors: Sexton-Dhamu Meaghan J. , Livingstone Katherine M. , Szymlek-Gay Ewa A. , Wen Li Ming , Zheng Miaobing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Postpartum maternal diet quality has been linked with optimal infant feeding practices. However, whether maternal diet quality during pregnancy influences infant feeding practices remains unclear. The present study explored the relationship between maternal diet quality in pregnancy and infant feeding practices in Australian women. A brief 15-item food frequency questionnaire was used to collect maternal dietary data (n = 469). Diet quality was calculated using a modified 2013 Dietary Guideline Index (DGI). Multivariable linear and logistic regressions with adjustment for covariates were used to examine associations between maternal diet quality in pregnancy and infant feeding practices: infant feeding mode, breastfeeding duration and timing of solids introduction. Higher DGI score during pregnancy was associated with higher odds of breastfeeding than formula/mixed feeding (adjusted OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.00, 1.07), longer breastfeeding duration (adjusted β 0.09, 95% CI 0.03, 0.15) and higher odds of breastfeeding for ≥6 months (AOR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02, 1.07) than for <6 months. Associations between maternal DGI score and breastfeeding variables were moderated by maternal country of birth, with significant associations observed in Australian-born mothers only. No association was found between maternal DGI score and timing of solids introduction. Higher maternal diet quality was associated with better infant feeding practices, and the association was moderated by country of birth. Our findings provide evidence to support the initiation of dietary interventions to promote diet quality during pregnancy, particularly among Australian-born women. Further research could explore underlying mechanisms linking maternal diet quality and infant feeding practices.
Quantification of vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones 4-10) in various shellfish
Authors: Moxness Reksten Amalie , Rød Kari Elin , Aakre Inger , Madsen Lise , Holvik Kristin , Henjum Sigrun , Oveland Eystein , Dahl Lisbeth 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Vitamin K exists naturally in foods as phylloquinone (vitamin K1, PK) and as a range of menaquinones (vitamin K2, MKs). There is scarce information on the occurrence and distribution of PK and MKs in dietary sources, particularly in seafood. This study aimed to comprehensively analyse the contents of vitamin K1, dihydro-K1, and MK-4 to MK-10 in various species, tissue types, and processing degrees of shellfish. Additionally, seasonal differences in the vitamin K content of blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were explored. Most shellfish products had low contents of total vitamin K (<10 µg/100 g). The highest content of total vitamin K was found in the hepatopancreas of snow crab (170 µg/100 g), the brown meat of brown crab (35 µg/100 g), pre-packaged blue mussels (20 µg/100 g), stuffed brown crab shells (15 µg/100 g), and blue mussels in brine (12 µg/100 g). In general, the hepatopancreas of crustaceans contained considerably higher contents of vitamin K than their white meat counterparts. MKs contributed most to total vitamin K contents, whereas most shellfish products contained low contents of PK, thus making only a minor contribution to the adequate intake (AI) established for adults. No statistically significant differences were observed in PK and MK contents of blue mussels sampled during spring versus late summer (p < 0.005). Nevertheless, a non-significant trend of increasing vitamin K content was observed towards the autumn months. This study presents novel vitamin K data for shellfish, an unexplored food group, and adds to the scarce vitamin K composition data worldwide.
Pancreatic endocrine and exocrine signaling and crosstalk in physiological and pathological status
Authors: Hu Chenglin , Chen Yuan , Yin Xinpeng , Xu Ruiyuan , Yin Chenxue , Wang Chengcheng , Zhao Yupei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The pancreas, an organ with dual functions, regulates blood glucose levels through the endocrine system by secreting hormones such as insulin and glucagon. It also aids digestion through the exocrine system by secreting digestive enzymes. Complex interactions and signaling mechanisms between the endocrine and exocrine functions of the pancreas play a crucial role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and overall health. Compelling evidence indicates direct and indirect crosstalk between the endocrine and exocrine parts, influencing the development of diseases affecting both. From a developmental perspective, the exocrine and endocrine parts share the same origin—the “tip-trunk” domain. In certain circumstances, pancreatic exocrine cells may transdifferentiate into endocrine-like cells, such as insulin-secreting cells. Additionally, several pancreatic diseases, including pancreatic cancer, pancreatitis, and diabetes, exhibit potential relevance to both endocrine and exocrine functions. Endocrine cells may communicate with exocrine cells directly through cytokines or indirectly by regulating the immune microenvironment. This crosstalk affects the onset and progression of these diseases. This review summarizes the history and milestones of findings related to the exocrine and endocrine pancreas, their embryonic development, phenotypic transformations, signaling roles in health and disease, the endocrine-exocrine crosstalk from the perspective of diseases, and potential therapeutic targets. Elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine signaling and provide novel insights for the understanding and treatment of diseases.
Analysis of the roof damage range in close-proximity gently inclined coal seams mining and the feasibility of upward mining
Authors: Zhang Pei , Li Zhuo , Wei Yibo , Chen Yang , Dong Liqiang 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In view of the feasibility of upward mining under the influence of repetitive mining for the close-proximity gently inclined coal seams, combined with the engineering geology of the coal seams in the south area of Xin’an Coal Mine, a formula for the depth of rock mass failure above the working face roof was proposed to investigate the continuity and integrity of coal seams 2−3 after the mining of the underlying coal seams. The characteristics of the overlying rock collapsed and the deformation law of the rock stratum sinking were analyzed through the similar experiments of physical simulation, to prove whether or not it is technically feasible to mine upward for the coal seams. Numerical simulation software is used to simulate the spatial distribution of mining stress field and stress transfer law of rock layer in the process of coal seams mining. The study shows that coal 2−3 is located within the lower coal seam fissure zone. The rock layer at the bottom of the working face has a certain bearing capacity, and can still maintain good continuity under the influence of repetitive mining. The stress concentration area of coal 3 up-slope mining develops continuously to the upper left rock body, and the peak of stress concentration is getting closer and closer to the coal wall, and the stress of coal 2−3 bottom plate and coal 2−3 top plate does not fall back significantly after the peak of stress occurs. The degree of rock fall and damage after mining is small, meeting the conditions required for upward mining. The results of the study provide a reference for the analysis of overburden structure and feasibility assessment under similar coal seams upward mining conditions.
Model systems to study tumor-microbiome interactions in early-onset colorectal cancer
Authors: Richter Katharina M , Wrage Marius , Krekeler Carolin , De Oliveira Tiago , Conradi Lena-Christin , Menck Kerstin , Bleckmann Annalen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major health problem, with an alarming increase of early-onset CRC (EO-CRC) cases among individuals under 50 years of age. This trend shows the urgent need for understanding the underlying mechanisms leading to EO-CRC development and progression. There is significant evidence that the gut microbiome acts as a key player in CRC by triggering molecular changes in the colon epithelium, leading to tumorigenesis. However, a comprehensive collection and comparison of methods to study such tumor-microbiome interactions in the context of EO-CRC is sparse. This review provides an overview of the available in vivo, ex vivo as well as in vitro approaches to model EO-CRC and assess the effect of gut microbes on tumor development and growth. By comparing the advantages and limitations of each model system, it highlights that, while no single model is perfect, each is suitable for studying specific aspects of microbiome-induced tumorigenesis. Taken together, multifaceted approaches can simulate the human body’s complexity, aiding in the development of effective treatment and prevention strategies for EO-CRC.
Maladaptive Schemata bei ÄrztInnen und PsychotherapeutInnen in Studium und
Praxis
Authors: Kempf Maximilian , Neumann Angelika , Jerg-Bretzke Lucia , Beschoner Petra 
Published: February 2025

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Oft bringen ÄrztInnen das Erleben von Arbeitsstress mit v. a. extrinsischen Faktoren
(z. B. Arbeitsbedingungen) in Verbindung. Daneben spielen auch „intrinsische“ Faktoren eine Rolle. Als
Marker solcher intrinsischer Belastungen können frühe maladaptive Schemata (MS) herangezogen werden. MS
umfassen früh erworbene, ungünstige emotional-kognitive Muster, die das Verhalten in konkreten
Situationen steuern können. Ziel war es, MS-Ausprägungen bei ÄrztInnen/PsychotherapeutInnen (PT) zu
untersuchen und potenzielle Zusammenhänge zwischen diesen und erlebtem Arbeitsstress darzustellen.
Material und Methoden: Durchgeführt wurde eine anonyme Online-Befragung an ÄrztInnen,
PsychotherapeutInnen und Studierenden dieser Fachrichtungen im deutschsprachigen Raum. Die Erhebungen
erfolgten für MS mit dem Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3R), für den Arbeitsstress mittels des Effort
Reward Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire und für die mentale Gesundheit anhand des Patient Health
Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4).
Ergebnisse: 82,49 % der Teilnehmenden (N = 571) waren weiblich. 41,5 % der Befragten erlebten
Arbeitsstress (ERI-Ratio > 1). 27 % der Befragten zeigten depressive Symptome beziehungsweise 14,89 %
Angstsymptome (PHQ-4). Am stärksten ausgeprägte MS waren „Unerbittliche Ansprüche“ (M = 18,24; SD =
5,50), „Selbstaufopferung“ (M = 17,20; SD = 4,87) und „Bestrafungsneigung“ (M = 15,04; SD = 4,16).
Stärkste Korrelationen bestanden zwischen ERI und den MS „Misstrauen/Missbrauch“ (r = 0,33; p < 0,01)
und „Negatives Hervorheben/Pessimismus“. Der PHQ korrelierte am stärksten mit den MS „Negatives
Hervorheben/Pessimismus“ (r = 0,51, p < 0,01) und „Verlassenheit/Instabilität“ (r = 0,47, p <
0,01). 41,45 % des Einflusses von Arbeitsstress auf die mentale Gesundheit wurde auf die MS „Negatives
Hervorheben/Pessimismus“ und „Verlassenheit/Instabilität“ als intrinsische Faktoren zurückgeführt.
Diskussion: Die Befunde betonen die Bedeutung intrinsischer Faktoren als relevante
Einflussvariablen beim Erleben von Arbeitsstress und der Ausbildung mentaler Symptome. Neben
extrinsischen Faktoren sollten präventiv Angebote und Strukturen am Arbeitsplatz modifiziert und
etabliert werden, welche MS berücksichtigen. Auch im Rahmen der Behandlung Betroffener sollten diese mehr
Aufmerksamkeit erhalten, um langfristig alternative, funktionale Verhaltensweisen zu fördern.
Data-Driven Calibration of Tri-axial Magnetic Sensors
Authors: Tian Dongchen , Li Yong , Jin Min , Guo Yuxing , Meng Feiyang , liu qiusheng 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper presents a data-driven calibration method for tri-axial magnetic sensors that eliminates the need to solve the sensor error model parameters. Calibration was achieved solely through the input and output of the sensor in a known magnetic field. Using both simulation and experimental data, this study employed a Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm as the data-driven calibration model. In static and dynamic calibration experiments conducted in a laboratory setting, the calibration performance of MLP was compared with that of traditional calibration algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that in a static experiment under a 90 μT magnetic field, the sensor error after calibration using the data-driven method was reduced by 30.37% compared to the traditional method. In the dynamic experiments, the proposed method reduced the errors by 71.57% compared with the traditional method. The method proposed in this paper offers a new approach for improving the calibration accuracy and effective measurement range of tri-axial magnetic sensors and holds potential application value for other types of tri-axial sensors.
Impact of Ge, Ga, and Al doping on the mechanical and electronic properties of Cr3Si: insights from first-principles calculations
Authors: Karbasizadeh Siavash , Amirabbasi Mohammad 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study systematically investigates the effects of Ge, Ga, and Al doping on the mechanical and electronic properties of cubic Cr3Si using first-principles density functional theory (DFT). Doping increases lattice constants from 4.50 Å for undoped Cr3Si to 4.51–4.53 Å (Ge), 4.52–4.54 Å (Ga), and 4.51–4.54 Å (Al) as doping concentrations increase from 12.5% to 50%. Negative formation enthalpies across all configurations confirm thermodynamic stability, with values ranging from -0.35 eV/atom for undoped Cr3Si to -0.33 eV/atom (Ge), -0.31 eV/atom (Al), and -0.25 eV/atom (Ga) at 50% doping. Mechanical properties exhibit significant degradation with increasing doping: bulk modulus decreases from 248.7 GPa for undoped Cr3Si to 241 GPa (12.5%), 238 GPa (25%), 235 GPa (37.5%), and 231 GPa (50%) for Ge doping, with similar trends for Ga (230 GPa at 50%) and Al (232 GPa at 50%). Shear modulus and Young’s modulus follow similar reductions, with shear modulus declining from 158.9 GPa to 147 GPa (Ge), 145 GPa (Ga), and 147 GPa (Al) at 50% doping. Elastic anisotropy increases notably with Al and Ga doping, while Ge maintains a relatively isotropic behavior. The wave velocities and Debye temperatures decrease for all dopants, with Debye temperature dropping from 720 K for undoped Cr3Si to 700 K (Ge), 685 K (Ga), and 690 K (Al) at 50% doping, reflecting a softer lattice and diminished thermal conductivity. While Al and Ga doping introduce higher anisotropy and reduce mechanical rigidity, Ge doping preserves isotropic mechanical behavior, making it the most suitable dopant for applications requiring balanced mechanical and thermal properties. These findings offer critical insights into tailoring Cr3Si-based alloys for high-performance applications, highlighting trade-offs between stiffness, anisotropy, and thermal performance.