bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of reduced rates of tiafenacil at vegetative growth stages on rice growth and yield
Authors: Miller Donnie K. , Bond Jason A. , Butts Thomas R. , Webster L. Connor , Kouame Koffi Badou-Jeremie 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Tiafenacil is a new nonselective protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase–inhibiting herbicide with both grass and broadleaf activity labeled for preplant application to corn, cotton, soybean, and wheat. Early season rice emergence and growth often coincide in the mid-southern United States with applications of preplant herbicides to cotton and soybean, thereby increasing the opportunity for off-target herbicide movement from adjacent fields. Field studies were conducted to identify any deleterious effects of reduced rates of tiafenacil (12.5% to 0.4% of the lowest labeled application rate of 24.64 g ai ha−1) applied to 1- or 3-leaf rice. Visual injury 1 wk after treatment (WAT) for the 1- and 3-leaf growth stages ranged from 50% to 7% and 20% to 2%, respectively, whereas at 2 WAT these respective ranges were 13% to 2%, and no injury was observed. Tiafenacil applied at those rates had no negative season-long effect because observed early season injury was not manifested as a reduction in rice height 2 WAT or rough rice yield. Application of tiafenacil to crops directly adjacent to rice in its early vegetative stages of growth should be avoided because visual injury will occur. When off-target movement does occur, however, the affected rice should be expected to fully recover with no effect on growth or yield, assuming adequate growing conditions and agronomic/pest management are provided.
Recovering 3D Basin Basement Relief Using High‐Precision Magnetic Data Through Random Forest Regression Algorithm: A Case Study of Tianzhen‐Yanggao Sag in Datong Basin
Authors: Yao Yuhu , Zhang Xinjun , Wang Kai , Ma Yixin , Li Yuanbo , Li Jing , Xv Hongyang 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInversion of magnetic basement interfaces in basins is essential for interpreting potential field data and studying geothermal resource distribution, as well as basin formation and evolution. This paper introduces a novel method for inverting magnetic basement interfaces using a random forest regression (RFR) algorithm that combines potential field processing and machine learning techniques. The method creates magnetic base interface models and corresponding magnetic anomaly data through the random midpoint displacement method and magnetic interface finite element forward simulation. These anomalies are then processed using techniques such as directional transformations, analytical continuation, spatial derivatives, and fractional transformations. Feature attributes are extracted, and Gini importance is utilized to measure the contributions of feature factors, identify effective features, and enhance algorithm efficiency. The validity and practicality of the method are demonstrated through the analysis of both idealized and noisy models. The proposed machine learning‐based approach is more intelligent, efficient, and accurately represents the relief of magnetic base interfaces. When applied to magnetic survey data in the Datong Basin, it produced a reliable basin base model that aligns with known structural information, paving the way for further research in magnetic interface inversion.
Velocity and Temperature Dependence of Steady‐State Friction of Natural Gouge Controlled by Competing Healing Mechanisms
Authors: Nie Shiying , Barbot Sylvain 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe empirical rate‐ and state‐dependent friction law is widely used to explain the frictional resistance of rocks. However, the constitutive parameters vary with temperature and sliding velocity, preventing extrapolation of laboratory results to natural conditions. Here, we explain the frictional properties of natural gouge from the San Andreas Fault, Alpine Fault, and the Nankai Trough from room temperature to ∼300°C for a wide range of slip‐rates with constant constitutive parameters by invoking the competition between two healing mechanisms with different thermodynamic properties. A transition from velocity‐strengthening to velocity‐weakening at steady‐state can be attained either by decreasing the slip‐rate or by increasing temperature. Our study provides a framework to understand the physics underlying the slip‐rate and state dependence of friction and the dependence of frictional properties on ambient physical conditions.
Season‐Dependent Atmosphere‐Ocean Coupled Processes Driving SST Seasonality Changes in a Warmer Climate
Authors: Jo Anila Rani , Lee June‐Yi , Sharma Sahil , Lee Sun‐Seon 
Published: June 2024

AbstractAmplification of sea surface temperature (SST) seasonality in response to global warming is a robust feature in climate model projections but season‐dependent regional disparities in this amplification and the associated mechanisms are not well addressed. Here, by analyzing large ensemble simulations using Community Earth System Model version 2, we investigate detailed spatiotemporal characteristics of the amplification of SST seasonality focusing on the North Pacific and North Atlantic, where robust changes are projected to emerge around 2050 under SSP3‐7.0 scenario. Our results indicate that atmosphere‐ocean coupled processes shape regional changes in SST seasonality differently between warm (MAMJJAS) and cold seasons (ONDJF). During the warm season, the projected warming tendency is mainly due to increased net surface heat flux and weakening of vertical mixing. On the other hand, in the cold season, the projected cooling tendency is driven by strengthened vertical mixing over the North Pacific associated with the northward shift of storm tracks but weakened horizontal advection and mixing due to changes in ocean currents over the North Atlantic.
Locus of (IL-9) control: IL9 epigenetic regulation in cellular function and human disease
Authors: Son Aran , Baral Ishita , Falduto Guido H. , Schwartz Daniella M. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInterleukin-9 (IL-9) is a multifunctional cytokine with roles in a broad cross-section of human diseases. Like many cytokines, IL-9 is transcriptionally regulated by a group of noncoding regulatory elements (REs) surrounding the IL9 gene. These REs modulate IL-9 transcription by forming 3D loops that recruit transcriptional machinery. IL-9-promoting transcription factors (TFs) can bind REs to increase locus accessibility and permit chromatin looping, or they can be recruited to already accessible chromatin to promote transcription. Ample mechanistic and genome-wide association studies implicate this interplay between IL-9-modulating TFs and IL9 cis-REs in human physiology, homeostasis, and disease.
Chronic ultraviolet irradiation induces memory deficits via dysregulation of the dopamine pathway
Authors: Yoon Kyeong-No , Kim Sun Yong , Ji Jungeun , Cui Yidan , Quan Qing‐Ling , Park Gunhyuk , Oh Jang-Hee , Lee Ji Su , An Joon-Yong , Chung Jin Ho , Lee Yong-Seok , Lee Dong Hun 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on brain function have previously been investigated; however, the specific neurotransmitter-mediated mechanisms responsible for UV radiation-induced neurobehavioral changes remain elusive. In this study, we aimed to explore the mechanisms underlying UV radiation-induced neurobehavioral changes. In a mouse model, we observed that UV irradiation of the skin induces deficits in hippocampal memory, synaptic plasticity, and adult neurogenesis, as well as increased dopamine levels in the skin, adrenal glands, and brain. Chronic UV exposure altered the expression of genes involved in dopaminergic neuron differentiation. Furthermore, chronic peripheral dopamine treatments resulted in memory deficits. Systemic administration of a dopamine D1/D5 receptor antagonist reversed changes in memory, synaptic plasticity, adult neurogenesis, and gene expression in UV-irradiated mice. Our findings provide converging evidence that chronic UV exposure alters dopamine levels in the central nervous system and peripheral organs, including the skin, which may underlie the observed neurobehavioral shifts, such as hippocampal memory deficits and impaired neurogenesis. This study underscores the importance of protection from UV exposure and introduces the potential of pharmacological approaches targeting dopamine receptors to counteract the adverse neurological impacts of UV exposure.
Transcriptional regulation of Tfh dynamics and the formation of immunological synapses
Authors: Kim Ye-Ji , Choi Jinyong , Choi Youn Soo 
Published: June 2024

AbstractInside germinal centers (GCs), antigen-specific B cells rely on precise interactions with immune cells and strategic localization between the dark and light zones to clonally expand, undergo affinity maturation, and differentiate into long-lived plasma cells or memory B cells. Follicular helper T (Tfh) cells, the key gatekeepers of GC-dependent humoral immunity, exhibit remarkable dynamic positioning within secondary lymphoid tissues and rely on intercellular interactions with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) during their differentiation and execution of B-cell-facilitating functions within GCs. In this review, we briefly cover the transcriptional regulation of Tfh cell differentiation and function and explore the molecular mechanisms governing Tfh cell motility, their interactions with B cells within GCs, and the impact of their dynamic behavior on humoral responses.
Impact of severity and age with variable definitions of bronchopulmonary dysplasia on neurodevelopmental outcomes
Authors: Donlon Jack , Bhat Vishwanath , Hunter Krystal , Kushnir Alla , Bhandari Vineet 
Published: June 2024

Abstract
Background
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI).

Methods
To compare the ability of NICHD 2001 and Jensen 2019 definitions of BPD and respiratory support at 40 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) to predict NDI, a retrospective study (1/2010–12/2020) was conducted in infants with gestational age <32 weeks and birth weight <1500 g. The primary outcome measure was NDI at 18–24 months corrected age.

Results
Of 1119 infants, 227 (20.7%) met the inclusion criteria and had adequate follow-up data. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the NICHD 2001 definition was not predictive of NDI. Infants with Grade 2 or 3 BPD (Jensen 2019) had 4.75 (95% CI: 1.282–17.563) times greater odds of having NDI than infants without BPD. Infants requiring respiratory support at 40 weeks PMA had 4.95 (95% CI: 1.490–16.47) times greater odds of having NDI. Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrated that the 2 definitions of BPD and the need for respiratory support at 40 weeks PMA were similar in their ability to predict NDI.

Conclusion
There is no significant difference in the ability of the NICHD 2001 and Jensen 2019 BPD definitions, as well as the need for respiratory support at 40 weeks, for predicting NDI.

Impact Statement

Current bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) definitions may not effectively predict neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in preterm infants.

Grades 2/3 BPD (Jensen 2019 criteria) significantly associate with NDI.

Infants requiring respiratory support at 40 weeks post-menstrual age (PMA) have 5 times higher odds of NDI than those on room air at 40 weeks PMA.

The NICHD 2001, Jensen 2019 definitions, and the requirement for respiratory support at 40 weeks PMA, do not differ in their ability to predict NDI.

Future studies should include multiple centers, with level III-IV NICUs, catering to socioeconomic, culturally, and racially diverse populations.
Pulmonary maternal immune activation does not cross the placenta but leads to fetal metabolic adaptation
Authors: Hansen Signe Schmidt Kjølner , Krautz Robert , Rago Daria , Havelund Jesper , Stigliani Arnaud , Færgeman Nils J. , Prézelin Audrey , Rivière Julie , Couturier-Tarrade Anne , Akimov Vyacheslav , Blagoev Blagoy , Elfving Betina , Neess Ditte , Vogel Ulla , Khodosevich Konstantin , Hougaard Karin Sørig , Sandelin Albin 
Published: June 2024

AbstractThe fetal development of organs and functions is vulnerable to perturbation by maternal inflammation which may increase susceptibility to disorders after birth. Because it is not well understood how the placenta and fetus respond to acute lung- inflammation, we characterize the response to maternal pulmonary lipopolysaccharide exposure across 24 h in maternal and fetal organs using multi-omics, imaging and integrative analyses. Unlike maternal organs, which mount strong inflammatory immune responses, the placenta upregulates immuno-modulatory genes, in particular the IL-6 signaling suppressor Socs3. Similarly, we observe no immune response in the fetal liver, which instead displays metabolic changes, including increases in lipids containing docosahexaenoic acid, crucial for fetal brain development. The maternal liver and plasma display similar metabolic alterations, potentially increasing bioavailability of docosahexaenoic acid for the mother and fetus. Thus, our integrated temporal analysis shows that systemic inflammation in the mother leads to a metabolic perturbation in the fetus.
Longitudinal multicompartment characterization of host-microbiota interactions in patients with acute respiratory failure
Authors: Kitsios Georgios D. , Sayed Khaled , Fitch Adam , Yang Haopu , Britton Noel , Shah Faraaz , Bain William , Evankovich John W. , Qin Shulin , Wang Xiaohong , Li Kelvin , Patel Asha , Zhang Yingze , Radder Josiah , Dela Cruz Charles , Okin Daniel A. , Huang Ching‐Ying , Van Tyne Daria , Benos Panayiotis V. , Methé Barbara , Lai Peggy , Morris Alison , McVerry Bryan J. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractCritical illness can significantly alter the composition and function of the human microbiome, but few studies have examined these changes over time. Here, we conduct a comprehensive analysis of the oral, lung, and gut microbiota in 479 mechanically ventilated patients (223 females, 256 males) with acute respiratory failure. We use advanced DNA sequencing technologies, including Illumina amplicon sequencing (utilizing 16S and ITS rRNA genes for bacteria and fungi, respectively, in all sample types) and Nanopore metagenomics for lung microbiota. Our results reveal a progressive dysbiosis in all three body compartments, characterized by a reduction in microbial diversity, a decrease in beneficial anaerobes, and an increase in pathogens. We find that clinical factors, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, and antibiotic exposure, are associated with specific patterns of dysbiosis. Interestingly, unsupervised clustering of lung microbiota diversity and composition by 16S independently predicted survival and performed better than traditional clinical and host-response predictors. These observations are validated in two separate cohorts of COVID-19 patients, highlighting the potential of lung microbiota as valuable prognostic biomarkers in critical care. Understanding these microbiome changes during critical illness points to new opportunities for microbiota-targeted precision medicine interventions.
Electrical manipulation of telecom color centers in silicon
Authors: Day Aaron M. , Sutula Madison , Dietz Jonathan R. , Raun Alexander , Sukachev Denis D. , Bhaskar Mihir K. , Hu Evelyn L. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractSilicon color centers have recently emerged as promising candidates for commercial quantum technology, yet their interaction with electric fields has yet to be investigated. In this paper, we demonstrate electrical manipulation of telecom silicon color centers by implementing novel lateral electrical diodes with an integrated G center ensemble in a commercial silicon on insulator wafer. The ensemble optical response is characterized under application of a reverse-biased DC electric field, observing both 100% modulation of fluorescence signal, and wavelength redshift of approximately 1.24 ± 0.08 GHz/V above a threshold voltage. Finally, we use G center fluorescence to directly image the electric field distribution within the devices, obtaining insight into the spatial and voltage-dependent variation of the junction depletion region and the associated mediating effects on the ensemble. Strong correlation between emitter-field coupling and generated photocurrent is observed. Our demonstration enables electrical control and stabilization of semiconductor quantum emitters.
Circumventing bottlenecks in H2O2 photosynthesis over carbon nitride with iodine redox chemistry and electric field effects
Authors: Bai Chang-Wei , Liu Lian-Lian , Chen Jie-Jie , Chen Fei , Zhang Zhi-Quan , Sun Yi-Jiao , Chen Xin-Jia , Yang Qi , Yu Han-Qing 
Published: June 2024

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis using carbon nitride (g-C3N4) holds a great promise for sustainable and cost-effective H2O2 production, but the high carrier recombination rate impedes its efficiency. To tackle this challenge, we propose an innovative method involving multispecies iodine mediators (I−/I3−) intercalation through a pre-photo-oxidation process using potassium iodide (suspected deteriorated “KI”) within the g-C3N4 framework. Moreover, we introduce an external electric field by incorporating cationic methyl viologen ions to establish an auxiliary electron transfer channel. Such a unique design drastically improves the separation of photo-generated carriers, achieving an impressive H2O2 production rate of 46.40 mmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation, surpassing the most visible-light H2O2-producing systems. Combining various advanced characterization techniques elucidates the inner photocatalytic mechanism, and the application potential of this photocatalytic system is validated with various simulation scenarios. This work presents a significative strategy for preparing and applying highly efficient g-C3N4-based catalysts in photochemical H2O2 production.
Quantitative prediction of rate constants and its application to organic emitters
Authors: Shizu Katsuyuki , Kaji Hironori 
Published: June 2024

AbstractMany phenomena in nature consist of multiple elementary processes. If we can predict all the rate constants of respective processes quantitatively, we can comprehensively predict and understand various phenomena. Here, we report that it is possible to quantitatively predict all related rate constants and quantum yields without conducting experiments, using multiple-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR–TADF) as an example. MR–TADFs are excellent emitters because of its narrow emission, high luminescence efficiency, and chemical stability, but they have one drawback: slow reverse intersystem crossing (RISC), leading to efficiency roll-off and reduced device lifetime. Here, we show a quantum chemical calculation method for quantitatively obtaining all the rate constants and quantum yields. This study reveals a strategy to improve RISC without compromising other important factors: radiative decay rate constants, photoluminescence quantum yields, and emission linewidths. Our method can be applied in a wide range of research fields, providing comprehensive understanding of the mechanism including the time evolution of excitons.
High-resolution, large field-of-view label-free imaging via aberration-corrected, closed-form complex field reconstruction
Authors: Cao Ruizhi , Shen Cheng , Yang Changhuei 
Published: June 2024

AbstractComputational imaging methods empower modern microscopes to produce high-resolution, large field-of-view, aberration-free images. Fourier ptychographic microscopy can increase the space-bandwidth product of conventional microscopy, but its iterative reconstruction methods are prone to parameter selection and tend to fail under excessive aberrations. Spatial Kramers–Kronig methods can analytically reconstruct complex fields, but is limited by aberration or providing extended resolution enhancement. Here, we present APIC, a closed-form method that weds the strengths of both methods while using only NA-matching and darkfield measurements. We establish an analytical phase retrieval framework which demonstrates the feasibility of analytically reconstructing the complex field associated with darkfield measurements. APIC can retrieve complex aberrations of an imaging system with no additional hardware and avoids iterative algorithms, requiring no human-designed convergence metrics while always obtaining a closed-form complex field solution. We experimentally demonstrate that APIC gives correct reconstruction results where Fourier ptychographic microscopy fails when constrained to the same number of measurements. APIC achieves 2.8 times faster computation using image tile size of 256 (length-wise), is robust against aberrations compared to Fourier ptychographic microscopy, and capable of addressing aberrations whose maximal phase difference exceeds 3.8π when using a NA 0.25 objective in experiment.
Cross-shore parallel tidal channel systems formed by alongshore currents
Authors: Zhou Zeng , Wei Yizhang , Geng Liang , Zhang Ying , Gu Yuxian , Finotello Alvise , D’Alpaos Andrea , Gong Zheng , Xu Fan , Zhang Changkuan , Coco Giovanni 
Published: June 2024

AbstractParallel tidal channel systems, characterized by commonly cross-shore orientation and regular spacing, represent a distinct class of tidal channel networks in coastal environments worldwide. Intriguingly, these cross-shore oriented channel systems can develop in environments dominated by alongshore tidal currents, for which the mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we combine remote sensing imagery analysis and morphodynamic simulations to demonstrate that the deflection of alongshore tidal currents at transitions in bed elevation determines the characteristic orientation of the parallel tidal channels. Numerical results reveal that sharp changes in bed elevation lead to nearly 90-degree intersection angles, while smoother transitions in bed profiles result in less perpendicular channel alignments. These findings shed light on the potential manipulation of tidal channel patterns in coastal wetlands, thus equipping coastal managers with a broader range of strategies for the sustainable management of these vital ecosystems in the face of climate change and sea level rise.
Potent activity of polymyxin B is associated with long-lived super-stoichiometric accumulation mediated by weak-affinity binding to lipid A
Authors: Buchholz Kerry R. , Reichelt Mike , Johnson Matthew C. , Robinson Sarah J. , Smith Peter A. , Rutherford Steven T. , Quinn John G. 
Published: June 2024

AbstractPolymyxins are gram-negative antibiotics that target lipid A, the conserved membrane anchor of lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane. Despite their clinical importance, the molecular mechanisms underpinning polymyxin activity remain unresolved. Here, we use surface plasmon resonance to kinetically interrogate interactions between polymyxins and lipid A and derive a phenomenological model. Our analyses suggest a lipid A-catalyzed, three-state mechanism for polymyxins: transient binding, membrane insertion, and super-stoichiometric cluster accumulation with a long residence time. Accumulation also occurs for brevicidine, another lipid A-targeting antibacterial molecule. Lipid A modifications that impart polymyxin resistance and a non-bactericidal polymyxin derivative exhibit binding that does not evolve into long-lived species. We propose that transient binding to lipid A permeabilizes the outer membrane and cluster accumulation enables the bactericidal activity of polymyxins. These findings could establish a blueprint for discovery of lipid A-targeting antibiotics and provide a generalizable approach to study interactions with the gram-negative outer membrane.